                  UNIT 5
  
TEXT

Seen through the eyes of a young friend Einstein was a simple, modest and ordinary man.

         The professor and the Yo-yo

    My father was a close friend of Albert Einstein. As a shy young visitor to Einstein's home, I was made to feel at ease when Einstein said, "I have something to show you." He went to his desk and returned with a Yo-Yo. He tried to show me how it worked but he couldn't make it roll back up the string. When my turn came, I displayed my few tricks and pointed out to him that the incorrectly looped string had thrown the toy off balance. Einstein nodded, properly impressed by my skill and knowledge. Later, I bought a new Yo-Yo and mailed it to the Professor as a Christmas present, and received a poem of thanks.
    As boy and then as an adult, I never lost my wonder at the personality that was Einstein. He was the only person I knew who had come to terms with himself and the world around him. He knew what he wanted and he wanted only this: to understand within his limits as a human being the nature of the universe and the logic and simplicity in its functioning. He knew there were answers beyond his intellectual reach. But this did not frustrate him. He was content to go as far as he could.
    In the 23 years of our friendship, I never saw him show jealousy, vanity, bitterness, anger, resentment, or personal ambition. He seemed immune to these emotions. He was beyond any pretension. Although he corresponded with many of the world's most important people, his stationery carried only a watermark - W - for Woolworth's.
    To do his work he needed only a pencil only a pencil and a pad of paper. Material things meant nothing to him. I never knew him to carry money because he never had any use for it. He believed in simplicity, so much so that he used only a safety razor and water to shave. When I suggested that he try shaving cream, he said, "The razor and water do the job."
"But Professor, why don't you try the cream just once?" I argued. "It makes shaving smoother and less painful."
 He shrugged. Finally, I presented him with a tube of shaving cream. The next morning when he came down to breakfast, he was beaming with the pleasure of a new, great discovery. "You know, that cream really works," he announced. "It doesn't pull the beard. It feels wonderful." Thereafter, he used the shaving cream every morning until the tube was empty. Then he reverted to using plain water.
    Einstein was purely and exclusively a theorist. He didn't have the slightest interest in the practical application of his ideas and theories. His E=mc2 is probably the most famous equation in history - yet Einstein wouldn't walk down the street to see a reactor create atomic energy. He won the Nobel Prize for his Photoelectric Theory, a series of equations that he considered relatively minor in importance, but he didn't have any curiosity in observing how his theory made TV possible.
    My brother once gave the Professor a toy, a bird that balanced on the edge of a bowl of water and repeatedly dunked its head in the water. Einstein watched it in delight, trying to deduce the operating principle. But be couldn't.
    The next morning he announced, "I had thought about that bird for a long time before I went to bed and it must work this way" He began a ling explanation. Then he stopped, realizing a flaw in his reasoning. "No, I guess that's not it," he said. He pursued various theories for several days until I suggested we take the toy apart to see how it did work. His quick expression of disapproval told me he did not agree with this practical approach. He never did work out the solution.
    Another puzzle that Einstein could never understand was his own fame. He had developed theories that were profound and capable of exciting relatively few scientists. Yet his name was a household word across the civilized world. "I've had good ideas, and so have other men," he once said. "But it's been my good fortune that my ideas have been accepted." He was bewildered by his fame: people wanted to meet him; strangers stared at him on the street; scientists, statesmen, students, and housewives wrote him letters. He never could understand why he received this attention, why he was singled out as something special.

NEW WORDS
 
    modest
a.  having or expressing a not too high opinion of one's merits, abilities, etc. ǫ
    yo-yo
n.  Σһ߳ʹȨϺߣ
    ease
n.  freedom from work, discomfort, trouble, difficulty, worry, etc. Уʣڣ
    display 
n.  show չʾ
    loop
vt. ѣȣɻ
n.  Ȧ
    strong
n.  ϸߣ
    balance
n.  condition of being steady ƽ
v.  keep in a state of balance
    properly
ad. really; completely ǳȫ
    impress
vt. have a strong effect on the mind or feelings of  ...̵ӡ
    mail 
vt. send by post
    poem
n.  piece of writing in verse ʫ
    personality
n.  character 
    logic
n.  the science or method of reasoning  ߼(ѧ);()
    simplicity
n.  the state of being simple; an absence of pretense ;;
    function
vi. work
    intellectual
a.  
    frustrate
n.  cause to have feeling of annoyed disappointment; defeat ʹɥ;
    frustration
n.
    jealousy
n.  envy ʼ
    jealous
a.
    vanity
n.  state of being too proud of oneself or one's looks, abilities, etc. 
    bitterness
n.  the quality or state of being bitter ;ʹ
    resentment
n.  feeling that one has when insulted, ignored, injured, etc. Թ
    ambition
n.  strong desire for success, power, riches, etc. Ұ,
    ambitious
a.
    immune
a.  ;Ӱ  
    immunity   
n.  
    emotion
n.  strong feeling
    pretension
n.  ,,Ӱ
    correspond
vi. exchange letter regularly  ͨ
    stationery
n.  paper for writing letters, usu. with matching envelopes; writing materials ż;ľ
    watermark
n.  mark made on paper by the maker, seen when it is held against light ˮӡ
    pad
n.  a number of sheets of writing paper fixed along one edge 㲾
    razor 
n.  sharp instrument for taking hair off the body 굶
    shave
vt. cut off (hair or beard) with a razor
    cream
n.  any thick, soft liquid ״
    argue 
vt. give reasons for or against (sth.) 
    painful
a.  causing pain
    shrug
vi. lift (the shoulders) slightly (to show in difference, doubt, etc.) ʼ
    finally
ad. at last; lastly ;
    present
vt. give; offer ;ṩ
    tube
n.  ;
    beam 
vi. look or smile happily and cheerfully ¶ϲɫ;˵΢Ц
    beard
n.  hair of the lower part of the face (excluding the moustache) 
    thereafter
ad. after that; afterwards
    revert
vi  return (to a former state, condition, etc.) ظ,ط
    exclusively
ad. only; completely
    exclusive
a.  person who forms theories ۼ
    theorist
n.  ʽ
    equation
n.  small in degree, not considerable or serious ΢С,΢
    application
n.  using Ӧ
    theory
n.  (explanation of the) general principles of an art or science 
    theoretical
a.  
    reactor
n.  Ӧ
    atomic
a.  of or concerning an atom or atoms ԭӵ
    atom
n.  
    photoelectric
a.  
    series
n.  group of things of the same kind that come one after another ϵ;,
    relatively  
ad. comparatively Ե;Ƚϵ
    relative
a.  
    relativity  
n.  
    curiosity
n.  the desire to know or learn 
    observe
v.  see and again 
    repeatedly
ad. again and again
    dunk
vt. put under water for a limited time  ...һ
    deduce
vt. reach a conclusion by reasoning ,ƶ
    deduction
n.
    principle
n.  ԭ;ԭ
    flaw
n.  fault ȱ,覴
    reasoning
n.  process of reaching conclusions by using one's reason  
    pursue
vt. work at, be busy with, go on with ;æ;
    apart
ad. separate(ly) ,ֿ
    approach
n.  method of doing sth. ʽ,
    solution
n.  sth. that one cannot understand or explain 
    fame
n.  (condition of) being famous 
    profound
a.  needing much thought or study to understand; deep µ;̵
    capable
a.  able
    capability
n.
    household
n.  all the people living in a house
a.  familiar and common
    household word 
n.  word or name known and spoken of by almost everyone Ĵʻ
    civilized 
a.    
    civilize
vt.
    civilization
n.
    fortune
n.  luck 
    bewilder
vt. confuse; puzzle  ...ŪͿ;ʹԻ
    statesman
n.  political or government leader, esp. one who is wise and fair-minded μ
    housewife
n.  married woman who manages a household

PHRASES & EXPRESSIONS
    
   at ease 
   free from worry or nervousness; comfortable 
   off balance
   not in balance; unsteady ʧȥƽ
   come to terms with
   accept (sth. one does not want to accept) and deal with it in the best way one can ...Э;...Э
   as far as 
   to the degree that  ...̶
   mean nothing to 
   be of no importance to 
   believe in 
   have confidence in the value of
   so much so that
   to such an extent that 
   a series of 
   a number of (thing or events) of the same kind that follow each other  һϵ,һ
   take apart 
   separate (a small machine, clock, etc.) into pieces 
   work out 
   solve, find the answer to ;;
   capable of 
   having the ability, power or inclination (to do) 
   single out 
   choose from a group for special treatment ѡ,

PROPER NAMES
   
   Thomas Lee Bucky
   ˹..ͻ
   Joseph Blank
   Լɪ.
   Albert Einstein
   .˹̹
   Woolworth
   ֽ()
   Nobel Prize
   ŵ
