ãصС˵ www.27txt.com ӭȥŶ

ƷԻ,˲κθݰȨ

İ


һеĿʼ⣬һеĹ̶бϲֻǴ²֡vsаvsħһд￪ʼҪǹĵģǵľǵĽ֡

ؼ  ,,

ġ




ߣ




Ш

ܶƴһҳʹģ֣صģ˱ʬ׺䶥׼
ԲԵף
ͷҲû̧æϿѸţӹһ䣺֪ˣ
ף
Ҿȣô֪
רעĿҧҵĳвλĲɵ˵ϻ˵λʱش𡣡
һðʼʦϣһٹᡣ
еʶϲּŰѽѽġ
бҪ˵һ, Ǳ˴˵ݡ
ԭħ£СޣɵĴɱ˼һСɫмһ֡
ѹϣںҽжͯΪˣΪɵһ֮㣬죬ǰ;аħŮħͷҧгݵͷʹ
˵ΣҲǡλڳħ壬񣬶ҽвѹȺͲк
Ҵı飬ֱλֳħΪȻ²Уִ˲ƣҪΪеĵϵľͷ
һУôأ
ôӣܾãܾãܾǰ˵
ʱҲ֪˭Ķһħ罻Ļ˲ûûûɽСɫضǣȲݽ滹£ڿջСھ¥ϴڽͷͱ˴աڵӴ͵ûٸɡֻҪܳԱӣȥ͵Թ֪ʲôʲôħļˡ
ʱ룬ܳԵñůеط˯һȥ͵Լû졣
أ룬ǳԵñůеط˯һȥ͵Լ᲻ᱻһƱɵʿ׷ɱͬʱҲҪСЩĽ֪ǵİ㣬ҪĲҪһִᰴXXOOOOXXƣX
ȥڣҵ˵ôҰƣûйʣû⣬ûϣҳͱʣһһءһأѹƴͷʵ̾ΪֲֹԦ֮ôáֻҪʱóƴһ뾫񾢶ĵһҲǷĪ
֮£Ƕô΢ĩС
Һˣôһȥأ
²׷ǰ;ãã


ϲ 

1

˶Ｗһ۵ģ͹ȥ˼һą̃˹ɣ
ʦ
λ̨һͥظԲͬˣ尡壬֪㵽ǣ
ʦ
ŵóĶ飬ӦоС
ѽѽʲôǸʢĺõطһͽôӬһ˵ȻɽŻɽ̨ɽѽʷƾãǺ֮ҲС
ʵʮ߻ǵʮ˸и˲ͷң㲻ʦģʵʵȥӡ
ʵʵĻش𣺡ʵҵȷʦġ
Էɻʣ
ָһϡϡĶ飺Ӧ۵ġ
Էͷתȥ
ȥһ
һǰһȻƽƽǴһ۵꣬ǣǡǡǺ˼ҿһ
ﲻһأ
˵ԵĵطӡһټĺȦȦҵĿ⣬飬ƶϡŮӵ֬ӡӡôȦŮӸжô˶һ찡
ҿǸȦ񣬶⡣
λСֵܵкιɰ
ҺȻ˵򹤵
ţ־򹤺һһʲôϵ
һع񣺡λ̨ͥ
ǸЦϵĺȦҲű˱ͣԵûôԲˣе
ͥһҵ˵ҳļû
Һٺ٣̨ῪЦ
ҲٺЦЦҼȥ֪⻰Ƿθ֮ġ
ǲһ㡣ǸȦҷЦرף̫һҫ۶е㻨ˡ
̨֪ˡۻЦݣ̿ڿˮҲʦģ
Ȼҡҡͷǣֵġ

Ĵ𰸣ǰʮλǧƪһɵĻشдѽд⡣
˵Ǳ߾ԶԶ߾źö˰ûǲɱ˷ŻҽḸĸү̵ģ˳ûʲô˳·˿ɼ𡣡
ٺ١
Ҳźٺ٣ٵɰͰ͵ġ
ǡǡһ˵ͬͬǸ찡
أﵽ򹤰
̯һ֣ʵһʼҲʦġ
Ŷ£ôʦˣ
գգۣǰˣ׼֤Ż㡭ߺ֣˵ǲǸ֣
ͷҾ˿ܸ
ǵ濼ԣһϵʿŰֽдƪɶɶӵ֡˵ʦģ״ԪģΪʲôҪд֣ϲָݲʦйϵ̫ˣ
ͬеĵͷǰȷ̫ˡ̨Ӧþֻһǣ
Ҿɥһ֣߸뷢ɧˡ
Ǻأ
ҽ˰׾һĵʿȥһԺľ׮
ľ׮
ǣüٸľ׮ÿԶǸ涨·ȥء˵ϡ治ϡ棿ֲˣϷģ
Ŷʱıʾϡ̫ϡˡˣ
ҵͷˡ
ˣ
ҡҡͷûУ
Ϊΰ
Ҵӵһ׮һͷԵϣʱͲˡ
ԷϽ´ңֹעĿҾֵ̹ˣ죬Ϣһ¡
ܶ˵ҪϢ
ҡҡ־ܾҷŵڵصĺ⣺ҽ˵ɡͷһҶûǸ˵ʣµľͲȥˣʮֻиѣǿ϶ȥġַ߿˵ǵûгŰûҪʮ˹أΪXXµʮͭɶ󰡣ЩӦֶôΣգ⵽ҪˣҪˣô죿ǲˤиѶģǸ𰡣
ԷӦңǰ̫ˣȻʣ㻹û˵ôɴ򹤵ˣ
̾˿ǰķչǷ·תһת۾˵ؼĵطˡǲңرƴ٩ƴ٩ָ٩һľͰǸĺ֣ƴţҾͿԼ˸ӡҪʮ깤ڼʧǸŲ𡣡
ͬĵͷǰʿǺ˵Ҳܲˣһκɶ벻˵һһ˵Ƕˡ
ļ򣬳ʹ˵ǰôˣȻûһѯҵ⣬ҲûһԸҵıģ˺ðҵһɱƵģɵ˰ߴľͳ˸ɳˡ
һֿ֣ǰλֵʵǼ˽һƬ󻳿¾СҸ岻ѣҾ
ţ
ȻҵĻж
ҪųѰʦɹ
˵Ҿһﵱ
ͨһſĽ¡
ѽλֵ𼤶
ôܲλǸɵӰ׷ô鲢ïµĺ˵߶ô죬˾Ȼû־Ҳȫûðվ֪Ѷϵ
ұӵ·ȻǰһҲǩһݲƽȺԼ˱ž˺ŵľСһö
˳˵һ䣬ҵıǾߺš
ߺԵ
˵˺ż
˭֪Եˣǰ;ǲҲ˵أ

2

ҹﱻˣԺߡ
ֻסҵĽţȥ
һȻԱ߻˯Сء
СߣҾͺСˣƽĺܣ˭ҲԿ
˵ˮ
һȥ
ҲéޣŹյݽǣһһĿբˮ
Ϊûʿ涨Ļƣһ롣ʣµһ룬˸취ˮ㡣
ⷨǰʱҳá
Ȼҵˮͣˣӡ
ǱҲͣˡ
ιСߣл˵
ʲô
˵Ҷˡ
ƨҲ
һ£Ѳ٣Ҳѹˡ
˵š
ʲô
ҾͿ֨һţûӰˡ
ҹĲ˯
űĶӻݣͷ˯˯š
ι
С˻ˣ¡
ҵıӱ۾һջһ
Ҷ⣬һݸңȻһιԼ۾ҹﶼó԰ɣ
͵ͷǹ˲ϻش
ҵͷиҪæء
һһİԹ⣬һĩָͷһʲô⣿
ҡͷ֪⡣
ճԱ˵ǡ
Ķģ
͵¡
һӽ͵͵͵͵ģ
ǡ͵͵͵͵ģ͵ġ
˷ô죿ҵĵʡ
˵¡ϲһĿ
˵Ҳϲһ˯
ҵǹûҲɲʲôɹҲϲһ˯
ðɣ´Ҳϲˡ
һ¡
е۾˲˯һ
Сߡ
ţ
ҷ㶢ʱرÿ
ÿ
ֱŹ⡣
ҺٺЦǡʱ䳤ˣ㻹Է֣ҶżѼ㵰Ҳһÿ
ЦšҼȥɽʦģҲȥܵˡ
֣ɽﲻǸиͷﲻȥ
˵ȥ
˵֪˼ҲģԾԼùİɣ
ʣأôȥõ
̾Щ˵ҪûҪûģȥﻹһ
ͬ˵Ҳǣ˾رãر֪֮
˴˱˴˰ɡ
ôһûһ˵л֪ʱ˯ŵģоպ۾ˣȻֵĹ¶ߺұȥջȥ
ջʱǸͷĴʦʦ⾰ŲҲôҪԺأ˵Щ˶Ǻȵ¶ˮ¾ͱӵģǸʲôˣбٹȡ
ʦһٹȣ˵˰ɣ
аĴۣѵ𣿡
һ
ҸϽȥ衣
ʦѵң˵ɻ϶Ĳܰɣзԡ
ǵĿ˳ɿ۽ԼĶǸʷʵĶ֪ǳ˶ٻؿ۲ģ
ҲʡȰõͷͳȥС˹ˣףôࡣ
ûǰһԣѬ㡣
ЦóƻȳЩ˳ҲܳԷˡ
ҵϰж˼죬ƻ˶ǣӵһߣʣƻ
ϣҺͬ͵ġ
һǰǸ
ǵóϣǲЦʱҲǸƯҪôƯһҿ϶͵ƭƭСϱ˽ǮͿ϶ҡ
ҶһѬĺڻңҲȥϴ緹ȥˮɽȪˮֻ˵ݵ˺ȡ˵úȰɽϪˮǵȥϪߴˮ
һǸˮͰȳ֣װˮͰôҿװȥҲڻ°
С˵ЦĲ¶һֻͰһⵣߣȨɢȥ
Ͱɢģ
ϣɢǺ¡
ǴͰҵôҲɢ

3

ΪʲôˮͰҪôأ
С˵˵һ룬һû
˵ˮͰô󣬵ȻǾҪЩСͶռеʣֵʵ˵⻰ûж°λ˵ġ˵ˮͰôǣСˮͰҪˮˮҪˡôˮͰ˾Ϳװˡ
˵е
ǣǣˮͰһ䳡С˴Ľ·
䳡䣬ˣȻĲֺһһǱ߿ССֹôʽʲôÿģۿ߰ɡ
ŶŶĴӦûҰջǰ洫һϺȣιˣվס

ͣ½ţͼһźͨͨԲĶôһ·˹
һΪǸƤ򣬽ͣ˲ſǸֵС
Ȼ͵ָҴ߳ȣֻڿС˵ʱͻȻ˭ס˺һˡңͺϴһ졣
Ǹ㣬ʲôְ
ҵ裬Ҫ˵ղһϺȣھͺñȼʮǵֱ֥뷭θ
С治ɫ˵Ǿˣʲô£ûǴˮȥˡ
ι֪˭ԷˣҿǶϡ
Сû˵껰ʹϣƤЦⲻЦĵͷӴϺá
Ů°仰˵Сֵͷ˵Ůá
㣬㡭ƤˣڿѻԵú죬ɫˡ
ۿƤҪըƣϽС˾ߡ
ǳ˺ţҲʣȣˣŵĳǣǵʿôʿҲŮ
СЦ˵ʲôϡ棬үүǵʿأҵҲ㵱˵ʿҲˣ
ȷ
СʣԭҲǵʿҰǡǲѧ׽
ҡҡͷ֣ص˵ҼҲǵʿңҼҰ
ˣ˲һʵ
Ǵˮ·ϣҾô˼뷴´
ôҲ²һ·
ղôݵĵǸ˵ǶϵŮ᲻鷳
Ҫ鷳ҪԹۣǣε࡭ûǾͰȭ
ɾֻȭͷγܴ˭
Ҫǲܲʡһ͵⣬͵ƻһųأôѵ壿
ιɶأײϡ
ҿЦûûεӣǾѸӺ󣬵鷳ٿҲ١ɶ˲˵ɽǰ·ͷȻֱ
û뵽鷳ô죡հˮƤڵġˡ

ˡ
С˰ΪʲôᶨƵһ֣ȴָأ
۸ң͵
ʿҸ߳һأʵڲǣǣһۣһϵⶼųģҲ޴ӿ𰡣
һƻ˹Ŀꡪҵ
㲻˶㲻ˣһҿ϶ҪͺƤһɸײ
˵ıۣʹɣֲû򣡴СᵽҲڻúúõ
ҵȰȣֵȡ
ôҲۣ
ۣ̽С˵ĺס
ǸƵİƣһ־͸סˡ
ι塣Ǹǻǩ˺ͬʽǺͬдţ巣ǣһƶܰˣʱҽҩѰ
ᡭ
Сˣ̫̫ɿ̫̫̫Ҹжˣ
ҸղŻԥԥҪ㱻鷳ҪҪͷȻԥûԥͰҳͷˡ
ǣMSղŹƤľͲҵ¡ͦҲӦõİɣ
ǣңҪҪжһأ
ԥˡ
ԭһѶϵ˰Ҳųֳ׵ԼĿ
Ƥɫʮ־ʷḻϽͲѤã㣬㣬ˣΪʲôҪԣ
С˵ǻҪģУСŮҸԣֲҷ˫ݹǮ˵ҵˮĽ·һ߶ã

4

Ƥˡ
Ҳˡ
СһȻԵ״벻ԼһģѿģʵģĽ֮Ƥ״ﵽ˼ҡ
Ƥʹ˼ʹŭڣһҴ򣡡
ʿ˷ľż֣޲ĳҺС˷ֱ˹һǼʽҾ֪˼ġ
ҲģԣЩһͬʱСѾӾܡ
Ҫ֪ҵ񹦿ɲһģʿһͲʲôɫƤֽɫ֣ǱȥֻҪûɶɶԦʲôģҪ׷Ϲӵư׷
ˣǣǸոտʼĳģҲߵͷ
ҡĿǰǣĶˣ
ǻҿҲǻ
ͣһߴһ˵Ǻԣ·ˣ
С˴ĺûҴתͷţǰ￴湻ġ
࿴
һ֮ǰİأһ֮Ȼѵˡ
ĪⰡ
ȻھŸոҵݲǰ;ĹҲͶˡ
֪ҪܣӦȰѶġ
ϳһ㶫ˮ˰죬ˡ
һ˽Ŀңˣ
š
˵ҳԵȥ
ôĵطǵҲڲŰɣ
˵߿Ҿͻ
ҾߣҲǸ
ûѾ۵ĹһͲûͷˡ
ò˵С治һˡ߿ûһһֻ֪ʲôСͻˣǶҸǰһ᲻ɱ
⣺ģ
š˵ʯˡ
ҾͲˣʰһģѪƤСһ߶ţ죺һֶ϶û
ҵ⣺ǣûԹ֪ôŻ࣬ȰƤõ˺ݸȳ
ʵģӹȥʹͷ˵ͦ㡣ȻһңԼ
ҲͦģСҰ
ˣǷʱ˵뿪ƵطˣҲСС˵ˡʲô
£ҡ
ţ
Ҳϵͣҽ
ף˵
һܽػأСĴӲһߣǿССʯͷֺĿʯͷϣ֡
ͷ˭ȡ
СĵİʯͷٷŻȥԼȡġ
ţ
Ҵڳ⣺ǹ¶СϳʲôҲûСĥţҵˣǰҶµ˸µģԾˡ
Ŷһû˵ʲô
ýżⴥأʲôܲҲСС˵İɡ
ЦȻΣҽպ͡
պ͡պ͡߶飺ͦġ
ҵġ˵ô¶¡
ԵĹģңȥʲô㰡
룺Ҹط¡أ
˵ҷû¶Ҫǽһȥιȥ
ҸɣɵӣɻҲ
˵ѧ
ҵͷȻ
ѧ
֡
ѧµȻð
ͷ˵ҲеǣҺһȥ
ʲô˵ҲеⱾӲ
ȥ
ĶȥĶ¡
˵ģǾ͵ɽˡ
ǰ˭֪
ھŻܵɽȥܵʲôɶ
С˵ĿûۺãǰһһţƻƵġ
ʲôأʡ
˵룬֪ɽûиϣǲҲиŮ
һȭ˹
𣬸ճԱѶˣ
ûңջֵʱ򣬻һ¡

ɶ
ЦЦûɶ

5

Ȼ֣ص˵ɽҲиϣϼҲиŮ
ɶ
ˣɣ˵˵Ȼ˵ô׼ôҲȥˣϰڸ̯ӸҸֱϡСӣһ׼¡
ģ˵ĵе

еȻһŲ֪ʲôҲˤࡣ
ߴƽҲˤǸûͬĵպںٺЦЦˡ
ԭΪҰȭ׷ɱԼʶģӵʰʲô
Ҳչȥ
ƾⶫҰġ
ǡʰ
ͷǽʣóˡ
ҽӹȥĿ˼ۣ;ЩʿĽʺ󰡡
ţǺɽŲ֪ĸ˶ġ
ĨĨϵĻࣺţɽû׼ܻͷǮء
һ£ܻͷҲͷ
ͬ⡣
ط֪ͷǮһͷǮһ
ҿҲֵֻͷļۡ
ɽת죬Ļ죬Ϊ·һ˵˵ң죬󳣳ǲҲңȡмһһʳıºǿȻ·ҲûŶӡͷģҲλü֮ĵ죬Ǵɽ˳
ɽϪ·ԱҹȥˮڣȻϴϴһ߶ҧһݣһ˫ӦǽĹâȻߵһֻЬѽˮ

뻹Ѿȹˮˡ
Ǹýˮ̣ϴأ˵ɾͷļء
㿴Һ
ţͷչ
Ӱɣָ˰ߵλ
ǰɡۣء
֣ϵֲ࣬˽͵͵ѧġϸƣϴȥĽϻ֡

˵
ƲƲ죺ֲզء
š˵ŵУ񣬳ҪǾŵģ˻Ǹʲôϵʦ屲ء
ҵۣôˣûһ٣ꣿⶫ϶ϼˡ˵浽ǲӵģ
˵ͷҲûʲôóԣⶫŰɣ˵ʰѹ⽣棬ҲнˡҪȥʦаѽܱûǿ
˵Ҳе
ϴɾԺȴŪ·߼˸ӹţôϵ
ȥɽ·Ҫءһ·һ·ҳԵģڽ߰һ˰µˮ·ʡ
ȴû뵽δ
µһͿڵءû취ǰûô֪Լδأ
̫ʵ̫
̫˷ˣ
պ֮ǰҺûгԵôںץıҲһһõͶ˭ôץġ
ò׳ԱĶӣȻֱ˸ɾˮҲ¹ˣʼ¿ˮ̵ɫҪһĨӡ
µ֭ˡպˮѱҵ³ĶĴɾһ£öͷ档Ҷ죬˵ŬѾҿܰ³
Ҳ³˻ܻ
ܻ
ҵ˻أԼҲ֪
Ժ仰ʳˡ
Ȼպ˵˺ʲôһģġ
ĺЦһ˼
һ־ණ
ιʲôǺÿԣú
ơ˵Ͳδˡ
һ̱˵û˵Ⱦδġ
веģ˲֪Ҽ˸Ѽӹƣ֮ѼӿˡҵӲµ
ҪѼ֮ǰĲðɣ
ѵˣ
ԺģѹѾ´ˡֻҪһմʵϣ̾þ١պԱ߶СһƬӡűһѻͷǡ
ιĶ
֪
ûɽ𣿡ҿΣô´ˣ
δҲβãĻûط̱ˡ˵ʣ·ҲͲҪӲˡ
Ŷ˵Ҳԣҵȥţ̫ۣʲôأҪĳӣ
ǣҾǸܿŲ¶Ȳ档
Ҷ
֪ڶտյģҸղſֻҲܳԣ̫ˡȵȰɣҵ嵭ȵһ档
˵лл
ٺһЦ¿ʲôϵ˭˭
˵ʲôϵ
ѣͬ飿ѵܣ
õƬڽʿȻȻһ죬˿ϷĲ˽ȥ۾⽣ͽʵĹϵ
ͽʵĹϵ
ҿֿ񽣺ͽʡ
˼˵ϵܺţͽʵĹϵӦǺܺðɣһ벻֡
զЦôŹء

6

Ȳ۽ͽʲôϵ⽣˽֮󣬻˸ӡ
պͦɵģ⽣ĵصнУнͻ֣ô¶ٰһͦ
պңоΣ
Ҵ𣺡
£ǺЦˣˡɶҲûС
ʵ֭ˣڻʲôܾʣµˡ
˵㻰ʱ˸ƹ˵ࡣûģôʱ׵겻ţġ
ˣͦͦأң𣿡
٣û
˵Ҫұߡ
Ϊ˵˵û뵽汳
һ￴ݣͦоһߵĺȵҶȥԽԽģԽԽ̤ʵɴ˯ˡ
˯˾еóԣԱټ˯˯ʱ򻹲·ΰεĸǮǧҡ֪ǲһо
ⱲûôӣպͰǺˡ
ͽʵĹϵҲǸùϵ
ĹϵϣⱲӶܼı֣ԽԽá
죬ҾͲҪˡ
һˣˡ
ǣѣ죬⻰һ׼Ǹ˵ģǴţƤſڡ
еĵطֽŲõ˵ˣԼѾխխһʯƿһȣһ¡Ҫ·ʵһŻĵʯһ硭ش磬С綼ܴëȻֺ·һ߾һ磬ʱ̶СģҲʵڳԲˡ
᣺ɽĵôôҪ
պ˵ǰ
ɽЩסɽ𣿡
ɽǿˣû𡣡
ȻɽǸûˡ
вסôߡ
ιЩ˻ҪԷɽġҪҪ
պ˵϶ҲҪɡ
ֿ϶ҪӸɣǵǿ϶ҲҪҲҪɣ
ɽʳҲ·
պЦ㱿ˣ˼һԦ
ԦɽװʳٷɽһǸ档
ԭӵģǺ￸ʲôһ𣿡
պ˵һ׵ƿǮ죬ǿû˸Ǯ
Ŷôһ˵ǻĻ׵ƣ
˵Ŀ϶ԡ
ǣ˵Ҳû
׵ƿǮ׬ģǿԼԵģȻûǮ졣
Ծ˵ﲻԾ
ҲԼֵء˵
պ˵ɽ
ҿΧĶ룬Ҳطʳеѡ
˵ʳǽɱũĸֵظǿ
ٱȥˣٱ⽣ɾû˿ˡ
˵˵ȥǸҪסôɽϣ
պ룺ɽϷ羰ðɡ
Ƿ羰ֲܳԡ
úȷǶҪ·ͻȻ֡
һš
ľ塭š
ܳϳĵطͨĵط
ȻյеˣǣǣǱ߹ߣһĹߵˡ
Ҿû·ˡ
պͿңҿ
ϳǵطôϸͻῴ
˭Ҳû
ҷ
ʳ̤ŷɽɣ
ãá˵
ҲͲֵˡ
ǵǹߴţллء
һͣϸ˰죬ǽʧûˣǼ·С
Һʣµ·ҲǰһôߡɽǶһ㣬Ǿպ˵ģ羰ã˿žͲߣ޲Ҳһվһ𣬱һƬŨ̡
Ҳðһ䣺ʡΪԵıߡ
պ룺ã֪޳ɾ޳Σȥ˼̻𡣡
𣿡
û֪
л㵱
û𣬷ңأ
˵ԡ
Ҿ͵ľ񡣡
ˣľʲôãƵ
۸Ұɣ
һ뿪ڵʱָָǰ棺ˡ

7

ӭһʯͷɷ֡
ɽ
ǡ
˰֤ûҴط
ΧʯͷȦ˵ӭʯˣôҲûͷж󰡡
ִʹͷһ𣿡ʡ
ޣûʶ
ǵҲһϡ
뵽ҾȻҲռһϷ磬Ȼһֵ֮顣
أ
ʲô
Ǹ
Ȼǰ߰ӭʯС·ء
а·
˵ԣ߿ǰ϶ܵóƸ飺Ա˺ø·˵ѾǴɽɵӣĺǵˡ
ࣿ
ţݺȹ˵ɽһһĶ࣬ʿǺȵȫصģ׼ҵӺȵеͣζ
ߵӦǹ죬̫ûɽʱѾԶԶֺӳŷܡ㽵Ŀ˰죬еʧô󲻱ȾŴ٣
ǲ̫󡣡˵ߣ˴ղͽܡ
֪ΪʲôķҲöɣҲȾԵôȥԽ߽Խá˲ܴ˵ա߰ǽӳ£Ե÷ǳİ
պһﶼûôƤЦˡ
ǻûߵţǰͷ˵ס·λֹ
һ۵ģº͵˵·ʵ˵ܾõʿͷеŹ֣ʿͷϵĻͦ룬ŸľͷӡԼʮ꣬üëͦ۾ϸϸһҺܺ˵ı׼ºͱ顣
ʶλɽкιɣ
һû죬պʹֵ˵ʦģ
Ǹ£ͦ˵ԲסλûҪͽļƻ
ѽǿھͼƻһҪ֪ǲڱ仯ŵġ
ǸЦЦʮ
Ŵɰ˵ƢͱȾСɵҪõöˡؤƵͷһӵıҲûС
պǼһϲĺ˵Ҫ֪ϵûо԰ʲô¶߹·ǲܴġҪǽɽɣ׼ɽɾΪǶ˶һ¥
˻ЦЦСֵ˵
Ȼˡλʦְϸ˿ڣȵİԼѾ˼ҵʦˣղˣʵӦҲʦ¡ʦͨһɵô˵أ˵˶࣬һǲǣ˵ʦְ㿴Ƕǧĸʦôг⣬ѶƹλˣǧԾ࣬ɫɽ϶ˡ
ҿΣպʲôİô˵Ҫɽɵˣⷬг˵ĻҲ϶˰
ȻǸ˺ܺƢ˵Сֵ˵ҲеɣλȽȥЪЪţȱ衣ʦһ£ȥʾʦų˼˵١
պҶһۡ
Ŷ˵ӣʦɣסһ϶û⡣Ȼ˵˵ûӦñھǰ;˲ôס
Ǹߣպʣ֪λʦôƺ˵һǾͬʦֵˣҪʦֶǶ˲ǡ
һЦ˵λԽ顣
֡ǣʰ
治պ˵ּһ䣺ʦݹϵ𣿡
ҡͷ˵
Ŷź
˭𣿻պʶˣ
֪λСֵմ
պʹֵ˵ͣ
˵ԭֵܣֵܣһᣬһᡣ
δءҲڼžϾ˼һ˵һء
ǽɽɣȺȲ裬̫ɽʱ˻˷һֱиջ˹ǵס£Ҳû¶棬֪ĸʾ㱨ȥˡбҪ㱨ô㣿
ٰܻʳֿ԰ס㲻
һŷŴԲĹĵĶӣǸ࣬ζǲ
պ͵ͷԣٷŵͺˡ
ƣô⣿
԰ٺ˰ɣҾͰ͵һֻˡ
˦˦֣û⣬ǵٸҰȥС

8

ûһԺ˯˯ʱ򣬸о˾ͳȥˡȵ˯һڰ˯֮ʱˡ
ʶʣĶȥˣ
Իӡ
ޣ˵ֲһġ
ʵҲûżʲôζҲҺܼѵ۲ۣܲ
ѽСҰϿһԼҲϣĺøжøжŶ
ұŲĳǻŪе㶶Ͻİ忪ִ첲Һëˡ
ͨһ£˵Ҿɽطͦ徲ġ
Ʋ죺ʵôôߣܲ徲
ţǲ֪ûмԣҪеĻǾˡ
պϱӰ˳ֻǣǶ֣ⱲӾͻǳĥ⡣ҲҸơһںĸоѾϰˣȷֻԼһʱ򣬸оҪõöࡣ
ڶ죬ǸʲôĸǴ˸Ϣ
Цӣ֪Ϣܡεģе롣
˵ʾˣ˵λСֵг⣬ַɽԽɽ¸ҿɼΡԡ
һˣ˵ǣ
Ϊѵ˵űչδֲλš
й
Ǿ뼸λʦ۹֮󣬡ʲôЦЦһλͽܡ
Һպͻһۡպ˵λʦְһģӦͬ˹ǡ
еΪѵ˵ǰǳϵ˼ġ
պ죺Уǰɣﵱɻ
һ£˵ⲻС
ʲôаպͼۣͷѧʲôٽ̸Ҳˡ
ЦеΣֵܣ书ǲ⴫ġ
պͰڰ˵Ҫһ͵͵ѧǿΪѡ
Цݻάţе㷢ࡣ
ɤӣһȰɣȥ˵ңλʦ岮ͽüܾ
ʦĻѵðɽ߹ʲôƧССɣպ͵ײóǸʲôᰡ
Ǹȥϣһ·кʦֺá
ͺЦӦҲкʦֺõʱ򣬱ҲͦȺĻشһԵҲɽұȽǢȾ˶°͵ĵطǿˡЩˣҪôǷǮƵģҪôǱǷǮƵģûɽһź
һܺá
ҿպͣҲתͷң¶ʽĲЦݣһӻεҲǰΣиطƺҲյõģůġ
ǽһӣ˵λȵһȣȥ볤Ϻʦ
֮⣬ɽĳϾȻһ㶼ϡȥҲǸӢ꣬Ѿ˵㣬ԽԵ˾
λĪϣλʦ塣䵱ˡ
ǸϽкĪϺãʦá
ĪЦЦϲô⻬Цʱǳǳ·ԵúСУݲ֮ζ
λʦģ
һûڣպ˵Ҫݣֵģ˳ҷӻɸɡ
ŶǸĪЦǺǣʲô
Ҵ𣺡
ĪϿңͷ˵ãǾɡ
ף
⣬Ҽ⣡Ҫ۾ɵˣ
ô򵥾ˣ
ɽ뾰СɻҪʮ˹أɽôôôô׾ͽˣ
պ͵ӣС˵ɽɰɣǡðƵİɣ
ץץͷӦòɡ
ǸĪЦ˵˵׼ָǶһȺƭأǿҪСģ»ףҪȥˡ
벻ĪôڶгպͺٺһЦ˳˵鷳ĪϣҲҸƸɸɰɣɽôˣˮӻ϶Ҳٲˡ
һֱеƵģô򵥣ôף̫ܰɣ
ιιػ
˵ҧһڡ
ңҵͷ
һҧҶϡ
ҰӴһϽƿϽȥࣺ˱ûԹ˰ҧôݣ
ģ㻹ء

9

ڶҾףɽɵ˵ңİʦѧգкܴһξ롣
ĵӣӣûй̶ʦҼ˯̣ͨԴ࣬һȥˮָ˻ֶ塣ˮŸ
ãھ;Ÿɵĵһﲻ˭۸˭ͰͰС⡣һԺﶼˮףˮͰⵣڳһţһȺʮҶĵӣһͰųеȥˮܻ
һһɧôˮɵģ
˵٣㿴Ͼͱʦ಻һˮء
Ҳ
ǡ
ǷɧҲƽˣˮ
ˮվ׮һ黥ȼڶԷϣֻٲżڶԷϣһվһʱܶһһʼһվͦɣһͽľӲе֧Ųסˡ̫յеͷۻСһ˳ȥһȴܴӶԷͷԽǲܲԽԽԽȥ
ȵܻƣѾӲͨһſˣһ˹Ц
߸˷һżͬ·ɽܣܵؿȴͣ½ţ߸˻ලŶԷ߸˶ܣӡ
һҶûպ͡ϳԷʱ˶࣬ӦûöҲûгӰ
ֵĵͷ
ĲѾˣ
극аţȥһλʵͬ˵ҲΪ˰ÿӶʿ·ӵʮʦüŶǵʿǳɾҲǰ˲Ҫеĵӻʶ֣Ҳн̶ֵ˼ҲûȥϽ
Ǻ;һһأǵطôܺɽȣ
պأȥĶˣûȥҪпӦûҵİɣ
ôûأ
˯ǰеյ˴Ƕ·Сʿպͣҡͷ
˵պôûпհɡ
һͷ顣
żĵۣˮҪȥˮϴ
ڴŸʶģҸϽպʲôˣ
ĪϰȥæҲûп
ĪסĶ
ָָ棺ȥģ磬ҳϵԺҲˡ
ǣе㵣ģպǸĪϴӸɻ
ǰɡ˵㻹ȥϴˮһûˮˡ
ҶˮȥˮˮϴϴţĸһͬҲϴţĳӡҽţиҹһץ硣
漸˹ЦһȺ˵ǱĶԲΨһҪʮ˫˫ģȻɲġ
˵Ҳǡ
ҰԼһǳҽŵûƵĴˮ
ϴֵʱ򿴿Լ֡
ϴŵʱֿԼĽš
ȻƤ֣Ǻĥãͦá
꣬šˮóȥϡ
һҹûΡ
ڶ죬졭¶ȥˣҽϰɽ򵥵ĹɵȻǿʼѧ򵥵ȭţҲ֪ȥˮܲʱֵĲߵ־䣬ԭǿǿʣһֻڹ
˯رȻμԼһպĴһҪһشڴϣȻֻӭһҪӵӻǽʵʵؿڡ
һˣ
һĻþиʲôؿϡ
ңⶫᶯ
죬һְǶ
⻬·ûͷƵģȴֱ޻еԣĸо
һ¡
ҰѡǸϸ
¹͸սҿë׵ȻֻǳƯģƵ۾
ֵβֱķȥֻεС䣬̶̣֫зǳɰǳɰСӡ
Ǻꣿ
ǡֻǳɰСֺꡣ
Ķģ
ҿһԵĴˣ϶
ɺ

10

С˵СһǲǶˣɲǻ﷿ûԵĸ㡣
ͷָģĸоЩ
ûԵİɦɦͷôСĺ꣬ɰ
βɨɨҵȻҵͷϡ
ǡҪԵģ
β͡βͿë⻬ĸˮƵģֲǮϲΧƤΧء
Χ֮󣬿϶ûôůƤ˰ɣ
ʱҸǰմգҲԱ߶βͻҵļϡ
û˵ϲ˯ѵⲻֻֻ꣬úļè
ǺèأƾôСҲ϶ܲҹһڡ
ҴǷоůֵģһ˯˹ȥ
첻ͨϾһƬңҲǸҲӣһȼ֮ѹͷµģڵ
ͷϿտյġ
ҹֻСҹ𣿻˯Ժ˸Σ
֪
ͷиװ׵ëëë
ܲҳ˰ͷɣ
˵Ӧõһһ봲̵ɨңָͷȥǸİëҴԼŶС
һæµֵĹȥȻ޵Ŀյһպͣ׸ųۻǸϵɷӦòİɣ
ͻȻպ˵ģλҲŮ
ѵλҲŮ
ҪȻպôôһҲû¶
ܲǡλĪСƻɣ
᲻ᣬǼһﵱôɣƱɲס
ҲҪɻɣҲҲûʱȥ𣿿Ҳңһǳ鲻
ѵܡ
һֱû׶ˣҺ˭˭ǵܰ
ǸһĽƻ˳ɺϴ󵱵
Ϣʱҿ̵񽣱ͬ鷢֣һʺ˷ܣһͱЦˡдʣЦʲôЦ˵һ潣Ҫɱ˵ģõ񽣣˺дȱػ
һ仰û˵꣬žžİƣЦ˵еҾ͸ǵ˵˵ʱȫ񽣺ˣʡ˸Ŀ˴ҵĴȱ֮ġ
һعͷи°ӵվԺſڣЦеζ
˵òǴҶһ𿴼ˣǵ˵Ц֮󣬴㿴ҿģȻûһݵóʲô
Ӽף󡭡ܰס
ңѰס
ףҲǰ׵ġ
ң϶Ǵˡ
Ҿú󡭡ᷢ⣬ЦʱҾ;ǰһ
ǻ̫Ͷ϶ǱƬ仨ˡ
Ҳ˵оպЦʱҲۻûôݣĹûﵽһЦһȺһۻĵز
ȻѵʱһȺĸ˼㱣һûһ뿴Ҳʱ׼ųȻ󲻵ӵұСȥ˵˭ǲ͵ģ˭ãɽɶϵ
˶ûȥˮʱ飬֪֪˵ûţұС˼﷣ء
Ҳ֪ǲҪͬһǣ˼һҪҪæ˵ûҴ̧ͷѾϴˡ
˯ǰһһ£֪պôˡУЦҲۻûš
ûãԺʱһ죬жؿˡ
һûۣʲôĶϲһ¡
ף־
Сֺβͳҡҡҡҡһӡ
ֳԱ˯Ǻ궼ʲôҴûһ̫˯Աߵļұ֪ɶʱܻ³ˡ
ȻǰһվȵģβСͷѧƼеġม
Ȼ
Ҫɶ˼
ѵʵǺһֻ

11

ٿı飬׹
Сǳҫϳ˼ţ
ιм˲𣿡ָͷ׼Զһơֻվȵһȥ˸Ŷ
㵹ҳԵĻáȷʱպ˵ģ࣬һһ٣ϡһٸɡ˺ųƽҪɽɵϸִƵλãʳǿ϶ҪƵġ
ԱһҪĳʲô˴ôҲٸһϡɣ˺ôЦȻиѾɽϴʱȽϳĵ˵㻹ţ㣬Ǽλִưϰţٶء
˼ĹԲںʲô˰ɣ
ֻҪܳԱҲںԵʲôҲѺȣŴӺܱӡ
СȻֶնȴèö࣬һ˴Ӵ϶˳ȥ
ף첻ٵضˣ
֣ȻŰﴫ֨֨ļϸϸСȻһ£ִɳɳץ졣
³˱ˣ̣߹ȥο˨
ǸСһҵ½ϣҲ֪ʲôáţƵݽǣʯӵϳҡͷְβһױ״
ҵģ
Ͼ֨֨У˵ǵǵġ
ҴǸ÷ֽ
ûʲôŵһζ˵ʳָ󶯣һ㲻١
ֽŰֻһţ⣬һЩըýĻסɽЩ춼ûζҸоϿˮġ
ֻꡪĶŪЩ
ѵ˺꾫
ཱུļһϸͦƯһëƤ⻬¹ˮһ󡣿ǣôҲֻǺ갡
Ҳ֪Ͱ˳ѵǺ꾫
ͦذβŬζСԴȴҡҡҡ֨֨
ǰ˳ҲԶеֵĹͷ
ĿԳ԰ɣëëģһŻףһţ㡣
أëҲûԹ˵СһûԩûҲźҡ
׶һף٣ըĻǡãֲ࣬ɽС֨֨УҲֻצӴһĴ졣
óԣһߺſˮʻһ߳ޣ֪Ķ͵ʳζĻ治
Ƶ֨֨צ˺ţ⣬ǲô㡣˺һݸֻǰצţڵССڵĿСץʣµһ飬ţ±ã¹£ɫյģ±֭죬ŨȻе΢΢£֪͵ģɽôôţȻû͸
ٰǰֻСڵ»ڿӣѳԹļͷƽȥϡ
͵컹ʬ𼣵ĺ
Ҹҿ϶˳ֻ꾫٣Ҳֻɾġ
ĹĵĶƤСԴְ֣ллȸкóԵģҲ϶ǵøһݶ
֨֨ҵļСԴ˹׹֮ǰͷ촽һȻµܿһµӰѸٵû˺ڰǽӰ֮УûӰ
촽Сͷġ
ָ죬ֱ
ûʲôͼղŵ߶ʲôأ
ڶˮ絽ȥʱ˵һϢ
ɽһεͽ¸¾Ҫʼˡ
ʵ˵ȻҲǿɽˣǲӺʽʦĵ֮䣬ǲ˵֮һʦʽ벻ӵУʽʦݣʦʦΪ飬ҪǣʦܿʼѧϰɽɵպͽⲻһȥǸͷеϴֻɽҲеľɽϴӸɻеľٵ˵ʿջ
ЩЩҶѾ½֪
֪ͽҪôأԱһͬʳ˴ҹͬʡ
ڻļλʦҪͽءǸС˵˵һҲҪԳ濼һϸ񡣡

12

Һɽɡ
˿϶Ҳһ롣
Ȼ£δǳһԭ򡣵ǲʲôԭ򣬲ҪҪǣ˭ܳΪҵأ
ʵҲԵñ̫࣬ճߣͦõġ
ǣõġ
ϧǼպͣҲѾ˵ֻһ˻ɵƵĵи¾͸ˣܾԼеããȻģӰһȶķǰ졣
УʱʱֻСʱ䲻ѾռһСëҺ˻ֻǿ˵ҹȡЦ̫̫꣬ɽͺĻ֣Ҫһֱҵĥû
ůһʱ˾̤ͦͦʵ
һأʶʶְ
֨֨
Ҳ֪ǱʾʶǱʾʶ
ҪҵңҲҵպͰɡҪܰҸպͷžͺˡˣҾô֣ܸպдʲôŰ
ˣʵʵŰɡ
Щ˶˼ѪƵĿҹ߽дǵԼܹء͸ǲһˮɽʱԵоͷѧʱǷſɤŶĸۿǰһץסϣôôˣȻ˶˾ϣԼӱ
СˡѾϰߣ˵ҾͱŵŴݺѣ㻹Сĵ˵꾫ˡţôһɾζ
֨֨Уģһ˻ȴûץסģֻ̬
͵˭˾˰ɣҲ¡ɽԲ֮ڣͼҸɽֲֵ˵˼ңо͵𣿶ɽȻ׼ҵӣ磬Ǿƻǽİ
벻ͨ
Լһܰɣأкְֺɣûֵܽãж
ôеһЩش⣬С䣬ţ
ǾҪμѡҿܻΪҵءʱܾͲסˣ֪˵ط㻹ܲҡҲпҹ˹أǵһӡ
Сսң֨֨תһְο
ҲҸɣβ̧ͣͷϵһ¡
˯˯棬ججĹ
ϧǲˣøɵ¶ô֪࣬ôУǲҪʲôʵġѾϴ˵ѾĺʱˣҪĻӦԽСʼԽáҪ˵ԣҲѧҲ졭˳ûʲôϣġ
С֨֨
ˣˡ˵ҾϹèײӣıλʦˣһڡٺ١
СȻֱĿ󿴡
һͷԺžյ¹Ȼ㣬Ƿǳİ
ûˡ
ûʲô
ôˣ
͵͵ַβɨɨҵֱȻתǽͷһͲˡ
ʲôˣ
еɻĻݣ˶˯ĺ̤ʵ߽߽Ĵûʲô
˶˵Զɣһ㲻١
һ紵ݶͰˡ
һصԼλ£֪Ϊʲôܹˣҷ˺üҲû˯šλã¹ҵͷϡ
Ȼ˸Ρ
ΣҺܾòˡСʱ򣬳Բ׷˯ҰĻ᲻ҹҰ̳ˡʱһΣÿݶһ
кܶѪúۡһΣյĸои˵ܣܣץᱻԵ
ԴܳԱ֮󣬾ûˡ
֪ΪʲôԶܳ˼˵ҲСʱ飬Ϊ̫һֱš
˵ҴûӣԼԲпܳΪ˹ʳֿ־ĸоȻһһξǴûϰ߻ǵÿһζôʵôܡ
ѹʱ컹ûҺơÿһΣڶҾͻûҲ½ͷȥˮȴ
ôˣ
ͷˡ
Ϣ»ʱҰ˸㡣
ǿЦЦǵл

13

һĺë￴ֿȻʧЦ
ڲǺ껻ëëļڰֻСĵëëƤܣֻСͺꡣ
СҪûëʲôСɽС
٣նյӡ
ǵëҲʱȴҲҵĲˡ
ңûš
ҵĲǺһġ
ѵ˭ôҵˣǣӦûһɡ
ҲֿϣҲûС
Ź֣ܲɣ
ץץͷﵹҲûʲôǼëѣҲžҲŰɣܲܲϵӾͳŰ
ôҸϵˣҳȵĻ˰죬ַûĸоδ
ұۣͷվ̫£оůɢϵĵ麮
ǰһȺؤһַʱǾܾجεڶĻ͵Ľڣô˵ĶΣҪ˵ŵôûжҲʵ̫һ㡣Ҳô룬ԼҲʵǿһ㡣û취ôԼվȵ߳ȥҳԵģǰ첻
ѾһˮѾװһ룬Ҩˮˣһʯɹ̫
ôеʱһЩǰģȥС£ڳ
Ҳ֪ĸ˭Ҳ֪Լ˻м𣬾ͺһЩؤһڻĵؽֻҪܻȥͺá
ʱҲû˼ȥԼǴģԼҪȥеʱ̫䣬ʮؤһȡůȻ㰤Ұ㣬ʱ򣬻ѾˣҲ
ԣܾúܾҵԸܼ򵥣˵ǸûС
ֻҪڶ컹۾̫ܿѾֵҵ顣
ԱůЩҲҲżһ룬ҾЩһʵ֣ҳЩˣиİ취Լ
ûҪѧʲô书ҪˣҪ£ҪжٵĲƸҵҪ
ҪҪΪɽɵҵӣ
һЦһ̲סЦ
٣⻹ֵõҲĻŸʲôĻһԵ
ⲻܸö顣ĻôɽȥĻҪΪ֮Ŭ
֮ǰһֱȥ룬ȥȥŬ沨˵Ĺӡ
ȴòȥ
ججùҹ
һһ졭ǰûʲôԡȴȻС
ߵһжڱ䣬ԼҲڸı䡣
ֹһһ̬Ҳı䡣
ԶԶˮˡ
ҰĲһš
Ȼһ˽ˮͰˮôĥϰóѾԽԽˡһ˵ǰһиλߵĴܷٻһˮȥж磬ͰˮǲƲһβ
ɽɵѵرǸһˮǾûǻˮʱ
ñⵣͰһȥ
Ϻ˵Ľ֣ȫǸͬǰͷƵƵعͷˮʱʣваɫôѿ
ҡҡͷû¶ˡ
ͷȻҪѡˣҶͦƴģҲܲӵ¶
ҳЦЦⵣ˳ʯɽǰߡɹһ̫ϵˣûôܣθĸоҲöࡣ
ȥõʱϢȷѾȷʵˡ
ȷ¸Ҫл˿ԳΪʽĵӡңﻹһЩˡɽģԭûмЩ˴ҲǲһʲôĶУһװģͷŰȣиĽ𻷡ԱһͺССӣϣһ뷹ڳԡ
Ǹ
֣ȫ˵λʦɽͽܰɣһʲ㿴ǶûǴڵҲʺѧ䡣
˵ûд
֣ȫеɥڷ˵ҲеƣɽЩɽϵҲ֪һ㡣
ⴿҰο֪Ҳ࣬뵽ļλʦҪյӻ֪أʲôư
Ǹεʱȥ˴֣ȫһڷӦÿԴϢٱ磬ҪǴҶҪĻпʲô
һҲƽʱûһҲһͽ϶޵ģһǵĻ͸ˡǱƣӦǱĳЩűġ磬˿رԺãݸߣ˸ǿ
Щ˳˱һ㣬Ļʲô
ע￴һ£֣ȫڣһ˺üˡ
ŶڲȫȥϢˡ
ξ͵ˮſڣȻȻ˶ߵĲʱˡʽĵҲʣǲŲæģ˵ЦݾֹԵº͡һˮȽпҪ࣬Ҳϲ˼һϴ
ʦ֡ҸϽ߹ȥк
˵㻹ûߡ
ͷ˼˵
Цˣ˽˵¸ͽ°ɣ
ҵͷ
û⣬ҵȥϴһ£㵽ǧͤһ£
ҸϽ˵ʦֲæϴ
ǧͤ治һ˿Ļǲ꣬о֮硣Ҳ˵ȱһ㽣͵
ˣְ̧ס紵ĺҵͷ
ˣûаˮʲôĴˮǱˡϴһϴʪζǺˮϢԵ˷ǳ¡
˼ȵǸҲæһ죬һ϶Ҫ˯ˡ
ûϵһһûʲôҪ˵Һǲһ͵һҲû˻Ϸֵġ
ұ˵ĶЦõġ
Ǹ£ʦ֪𣿡
֪һ㣬˵ϺʦʱҲˡ
ҵıһֱͦˣǡ
һʮӵģѾˡҲˣʦԼɽ´ˡ
翴СӣͺСɣ
ͷ˵ǵģǸ֣־裬ݡ

14

ҵͷǺѵðôСͿʼѧ䣬ɾͱض
ҲһЩҲδر˾͸߳ࡣʵǡ⺢ӵļҲС΢ЦҲңɽϺн飬ֻһ˵Ļ⺢Ҳ϶ѡġ
ŶеȻ
̸ʲôֵģҲûʲô
ҲҪġʵҪͽһλʦʦʦһλʦ嶨һλʦҲһɽˣͲӣлġУĪҪͽĵҲʵڲģоŸ١ֻһʱ򻹶ءһЦǵԭһһλʦ˼Сʱͱɽ䣬Īϼ˻󣬾˳µĳ˱ŵˣʡĵһ
ҿЦ˵ǡźûȼҪǵʱҲɽǰ˵ʱҲҰʦѧˡ
һЦҲǹ¶ʱ䣬ĸ˫ȻżȻҵʦɽġʵҵĸǲ̫ãʱֻʦΪһչ˸㲻Ҫ̫ˣĪͽȫƢͶϲͶϵģҲҪ˵Ը񲢲Щ
еԥСʣǣĻЩʲôĹؿأ
ЦЦҿɲ֪ôϸˡ
Ҿе㷢ȣţֻǺ棬ǲǻҪЩд֣׮ʯʲôġ
ǶûйġЦЦ˵ЩܲܳΪһûʲô̫ϵɽֲЩȭţӦòῼЩõĹ򡣡
̡ܽ
Ҳ˼ٵʱ򣬺лֱǸӰϢҪߵʱȻ˵㲻λֵܵˣ
һ¡
ģûʡԭÿ飬Ҷûмպ͡
һعͷֻһЦǰռˣɫĪϴҲܺã㲻ù
Ŷһͷʣ˵𣿡
ҡҡͷʱڣû˵ϻ

ǣպҲûˣ
˵Щȥɡ
һع񣺡ǣʦҲϢɣҲˡ
˵ȥ
˵ʲô
һЦûʲôȥɡ
һɻ󣬻ʧ䣬˵Ϊʲô
Ҳѵõĺƺĵġ
պ͸շֿʱ˵ʱ鶯顣
Цʱ˲Ĳá
ʳı¸ʳı¸Ӹ
ػ񡭡
ǲŲЩ죬ûҲϰߡ
أҲһʱߣҲòߡ
ҲҪ߸·ġ
ɽɵʱ˵ѰʦĻøҡ
һ˲ĸܡݵס
û˶˵Ļ¡
һӱůΧȴֺһ˱ʲôС
ַ·԰һжиƵġ
ǣЩֻһ˲䡣
Ǿͷֿˣܼõ档
Ҳ֪ϢҲ֪ʲôʲô
˲ĸжĵס
Ҳ֪ôȥعˣȥԴ顣
ûо飬Ҳûпġ
ֻãȷһߡ
Ҳټһ֪ô˵ô
ҲǺټ棬һӼе
˭Ҳ˵ã׻ô
߻ضԺʱ˶еѾ£еĻĴһ˵֣ȫѾˣҼæʾҹȥ
ҷľ裬Ա¡
ʲôûУ
ҵͷţʵһЩ
˵ߣǺһӣܴչ˶չˣһдеı飬ĿҵͶϣҶеûʲôŮιɣЩǡ˷ǳĲڰ
ʵʲô
ǰǰ˵˵
֪Ҫʲôˣ
һ׳
ʵҴҲʲôܡ鵱ʱ˵ĿǣҰڶû˵Щ˸ƢԲͬ˶֮ƽͣƿڴԹʲôжĶ˵й¶ȥܾеܲ˼ˡ˵˼ҶһֱƣأһƽƽͷСҲûиʲôæرղ̽ϢҲȫԻһ֪
˵ô࣬ͬʱίȰңҡ
Щʵȫ¡
ҰѸղϢĪҲͽ˵ˣȻѾըѣһȺ˵ı޲ҼܣĭɣɫǺ죬۾Ź⡣
Щ𣿻ûбģ׷ʡ
ǰ˭ģϢȷ𣿡ʡ
οʲô϶˰ɣ
ҡҡͷûˡɽͽʲôģͲ֪ˡ£Ķ˵ˡ
Щ˵ȴ¶ţɫ۹Ҳеʡ
󡭡ڻǲǻ˽ʲôҪϢû˵˹һ
۹⣬ֻɵգǷǳдȾġ
۵˽߿ˣձúܲȻ
ȻȻ׹ʲô
Ǿҿ϶в˽ԼҪϢˡ
ǣϢĲʲôҪõϢ֪ˣʣҲ鷳֮⣬ûʲôô
˽͵͵ߣֻɵķΧ
֣ȫһεӣһһС˵ˣεʱҲҰ취ȥȥˣ֮Ҳʹûʲôҵ˲ԺɨʿǼȫţһ˵ʲôҲûд㵹ͦʵһһʮȫ˵
ҿȫ˵ˣ
һЦʵǼҲδʲôûʵġϢֳ̹˼ҽıȴ϶вҴҿ϶ǴݶģҪģŶϢҴֻһЩŽĲпС
е㯡

ǰ֣ȫû˵
Щ˵۹⣬֣ȷ
żȻعͷ֣ȫԲԶϵˣһֻӣһģǶһڲϸߵĶ
Һ߿ǽиǶϴʲôϴϴĶղȫֹģȻҵĿһͶȥģʹϴ
̫ˡ
̲סЦ
ô⻹ֻǲӣѾʼ
Ȼպһʱ˵˵ĵطУңãǷߵҲӲġ
ʱҲûģȴ˵һ㲻
֣ȫҲˣصİЬڵ£˵˯˯컹Ҫء
Ҹţ洫ʿŵλֵܣ˯ɡ
˴Ӧţϵĵˡ
ȥŵǲ
ˣҸղžȻʣ˭ôҵˡڵҲˣҲˣʿ϶

Ա֣ȫ˸˵զˣ£
˵ˣ֪˭ȥˡ
⣺򵥣ʱһϵ¡٣Ҿ˵߰ˣҵġ
Ц˵Ҳԡ
µ׷ָߡ
Ǹдʮ£һͷԼëˡдVIP½ڵʱΪ˿˺ֲ֢Vһ¶ָÿơҿοοΡ
ģ¸µƱһͶ˼ɣΪƪ¸²VҿԷĿԣƱƱͶ˼ɡ
ڶԽԽˣŲԵ㶫;ȫĿڣҲеƵġ
࣡оһ·֧飬¸´һһ·ͬŶ

15

˵ʵҲĺ֪ͽˣʲôĿ顣
һûȥˮǱ֪ͨȥԺＯϡƬյغܴ󣬳ϰ䣬յص˻иһǱǫ̃ӡ֣ȫһֹѵҪͽ
Ȼ˵δضԣҲпܡ
ԶԶģյͷһƬֵĵطмµĵǿǣǿǣ˴˵ͷǴк
׽ҲûеӡϾЩҲ˻ΪµʦܣҲ֪һ᲻лẰЩµһʦ֡
һҪѡһҪѡ
ҺЦ֣ȫħǽŹͷ
ιôžѡ
תͷһƣѡûãһֱҪѡ
ãӡ
ʲôҲû˵ҲѡҲԼ˵ˣƴ߶ԼҪѡëģһô죿
˵ʵɽôˣһûǳʲôӡĵλߵľĪϣڸ̨Ͻˡ
˻ûе룬ЩûкվһǴһ߹
࿴ᡣ
ΧҲ΢ɧԣҲһȥƹƹҵĴչһȭţЩܵ谭ڵء
ʲôҲֻܻɼۣԹȥԷ˳㷢йһԼ
Ȼ̧ͷϣ٣ʲô
һâԶԶĴɽۻ죬ǡ
һԵ¶㯵ı顣
ȴҴСĵطħֻӣ龰
ȻҲף˵ǷɽĽâ֮ʲôɴСֵģǱϾǾòѰ˵⽣ܴ
ҲɽҪ
ĪͷϿǽâ¼䣬ͣվǸ̨ǰ
˵´Ʈ紵趯֣ȫ˿Թԡһ
̨ЩԶ˵Ŀֻǿ㣬һӰ˾ô̬
еĻŮģ
еİɣ֣˵Ҳܲȷ
Ҳɽɵˣ
֪
㿴᲻ͽйأ
ѵһֱڱչص𣿡
벻ǣûʲôԭ򣬾ֱ˲
ӵץʲôͷҾ뿴Ŀ뷨˲ȺЩɧţҶž̨ܿˣֻ˿Լ
˺Ī˵ûйֿ׵ľҲûʲôӣӾĪϳЦЦһ˵ļ򣬶ȴԵúһϰ߳Ȼĳ硣
ֲƽ
֡
еְӹڷĪϵԱߣ˲¡
ڿԿӡò֮ûж͡Ǵŵº͵Ц⣬ûнֱ˵Ӣ
ȻתͷŽűߣֻë׵Сűϥǡ
ԱߵСֹʲô
ҵһֱˡ
ⲻֻ͵͵ҵСô
һͷһοڰ֡
ԭɽô
ǸЦĺܻãֻ걧סǵľβ͡
˵Ļĺô
˭
еĪɤӣ˵俪ף֣ȫһ£ҲŻعעȴһֱܼУľͷȥǸˣбŵĺꡣ
УպأĪ
ûе
Σ֣ȫͷѹ˵ʲôúţ
ջĿ⣬ٿ̨ϵʱ˺ͺ겻֪ʲôʱѾ̨ˣĪ˵ɽͽȿƷԣʦͽ䣬ҪԵΡҪΪʽӵģȥ¡
Ȼ½Ǳ£Ϊ֣ȫ
תͷһҲû￴
½ֶ¡
ҵĿֻë׵ļһﲻ֪ʲôʱﵽˣҧҵӴǧСģĺܡ
һѾסһʾ𵷵
תʮͦʶȤĴﲻ
̨ĪϵĽѾˣ˵ʦţȴҪˡһʦʮͽܣʮһ̷ȴ̳ʮһ˷˺ö࣬հݣЩҪԼСֻҪһ棬۽Σɽĺõӡһζ׷ǿˣȴ׶ħʧԣмǣмǡ
һվŵļʽӹ˵Ͻ̻塣
Щ˶еԾԾԡ
Ī˼䣬Ȼȥ
Ȼվ̨ϣɵӡܾʵ̫ͳҲǸϲڼӽصˡ
ҲҵĴ
֣ȫң٣ҪҪȥã
˵ȥȻȥüɣ㿴̧̧°ͣЩѾһѷƵһӵȥˣ»Ų֪˭һֻЬ˲üߣȥĻ²Ŷ˲ȵˡ
֣ȫͷǡ
ֲ᲻ԹȥҲһ
ֺꡪҼһﱻ˼ȥ׼ˡ
һʱһʱĶһȥͿ¼ȡˡ
ˣ֪ղ˭𣿡
֣ȫ˵ǸԦˣ
ҵͷ
ҲûͷûҲû˵Ϻŵû˵˭ôᣬҲô
С϶֪׽Ĳһ㡣
ֲ˵Ҵ𰸡

16

óԷʱ򣬷Աƽʱ٣öӶš
ȫȥˣ٣ԼҲûճ緹˰ɣôһȥЩĵǼǣǸͦҪĺûǲĽ
ͦãûûĳһٷͼ嶹ƽʱһֻ٣ҳȥҪ˾ָһݡСͷᣬΪԣְͷ˻ȥ
Ҷ˶תҪߵʱ򣬺Ȼи˵ⶹǸζҲɡ
е㡭˵ĸоɽϪȪʣվԵδԵ
һҲ⣬ǳȻһ;泩һ²裬ؿڷθˮϴһ
תͷǸŸӣֲ˵ʦ鶹˳ʣλͷĿ˰ɣⶹζһֱûбǰԹ
һЦǰԹ
תͷң
ұ˵㲻ô֪ˣǲ֪Ϊʲôû˵óɤﹾһû㰡
˵䳡ӦҲڰɣҲңһҪš
¡
Ҽҵĺӣɣ
ӣ
ҡͷûа
һЦûôģͻȻһᣬ֨֨еС걻˳β͵
һ㡭
鷳ˣһʵ̫ϲܡЦЦͼ嶹ǳȳԵ㣬÷
㡭
һ˵ʲôֲ֪Ҫ˵ʲô
ǸһֶʢСһֻͣС꣬ʩʩȻתˡ
֣ȫչ٣˺˵ʲôˣ˭
еãȻҡͷ
Ųɽˣǽ
ҿһۣ㶮
˵˵Ͱ
ЦЦѶҧһڡ
ȷǳȺóԣһԵе㶹ˡ
˷ҲûȥɽĸĵĥȥˡܵĵʿҲʣҲǾûʲô
ҲȥǸʿ˳òһдĹһѾȻֽϣ滹и˵䣬ᡣ
֣ȫҲѾдˡЩҺһ㡣
һʲôӽһЦôҲˣ
˵ǰ
ͷʦ壬Ī͹ġ
ʿӹȥ˵һ߰ɣûȥء
ǳţʣ£
ʵպҺ˵
æ׷ʣ˵ʲô
˵ĪĵӲôʦİ취
£⡭ʲô˼
˵ʦȥ˵һ
ҳԾɾʹˣ
˵ʦ֣㡭
ˣô˵Ҳôʦ֣ʦֵܣҿҲЦЦԼҲһ㣬Ҫʦܣʦϲʫ黨񣬺һˣǲҲƴһôлᣬװҲװö
һû˵ʲôѾ˵ˣһ¡ղ˵ģɼסˡ
еãȻվԭؿߡ
ֱµµĴڱ
Уպͣպ˵ĪѵίԲ˵ҲҪﱧϣ
еĽǴ̽죬ɽ⿴ɢʵغϡԺ⣬ȴûһܽȥ档
˵鳣ԺˮϴԼΪסĵطȻͷ
պ͸ֲ͵ܳ˴أ
ӾȴĲͽйȥ˼죬غպͶû˵ĪӼֱɳԽ𻹽˷ѣ쵽Ժ˼˹ȥеֻһ۾ҪˣеϿ¿Ȼһ߳ŵġһҲûпСңڿϷΧ֮ڡ
صʦպأɽﲻǺܳһˡԼ˵˺飬ԽȴرԡҺһ棬Ǻº͵ģͶ㣬˵̸˾ʣһ㲻ʲôѹࡣ
ʦͽǺܺʵˣһҰƵӣһ
أһ̯ҸǰϵҵĶ࣬ϵ١
ǳ֮龹ȻЦúܷɣʦӡ󲻴
ôû
һҵļ򣺡ģٰñ߹ģûʮҲ߷֡
һǾеͷԣʦ֣ġ
ˣ˵ˣҾǾãѵͶԵˡ
ͶԵ
еԻҵǰߡۡû·Ҵģͼʦ¸ӡ
Եֵôһأô׽
ȥҲ˵ʲôʦŶ׼ˣ˵١˵Ҳ˵ȫˡҲһɣҲ̫ɥβУ´ء
ȻҾ㯣Ըм˵ʦ֣ΣҶúúлġ
һЦˣ浱ʦܣҲͿԾİڰʦֵ׶ˣȶвͶźʦӣһҲ㲻ˡ
ЦҪѽҲ⡣
˵ţ浽ʱ͵С
һе㲻ʵĸоվǶһ
ģģ
ĿԳΪʽӣѧ䣬ѧѧġ
һ£٣ʲô
һͷ֣ȫû¶

17

ȻѾ˵֪ұ¼ŵʱһǾ˰졣
֣ȫĽ˵治һûУѾˡ
ҰοҴʶĶ֣϶ҲǿԵġ
ЦЦЦеǿϣǰ
Ѿܶø˵ʲôʲôˡϴҴϢ˷һұս죬˭ʣҶ
Ȼ֣ȫҲε£ͱҴ󣬶εҲҰݵʦʦ֣ԣҳ֣ȫһʦ־Բ֡ôʱ۾Цгһ죬춼ϲ£ˣһЦݺϻЦݾԲͬɵӶֵĻŭš
Һ๧ϲļĵɽ죬ǸɽѾճͣ˶˴ǸõĲٺõֵܣôԵĻ̾
֣ȫûбΪʽӣңһ𣬺޸ƵĻ˵Ц
٣֪
У֣ȫңһѡģͶЩɽˡܱɽѾ˵в֮ЩӲͬ
ЩˣеԼͶģɽӡеǱɽڸֲͬ¾ģ޴ȥоһЩͬˡ
³һãʦ
Ȼ飬ʦ˵ʮˡ
ҿһסǸСӣǸʱҴ꣬һ²ۣѾ˵װһߵͷʦߵͷ
žߵͷ
ǣҵһμɽˡ
ЩͬǣҲ˾̫⡣òʮ꣬Ѿʥ֮ǰѾΪ֪Ȼһͷɫķ˿ûһطǸѾһ꣬꣬Ҫõ
һڵˣ޲¶羴Ľηܸӵֺһµ
˾һŵĴ棬һ롣
һĿ꣬һɾ͵Ĵ
˵ǽĶ壬һŵ񻰣޷Ϊ֮㵹
Ȼˣһ͡
һһɫĵۣһɵĻɫܵţٶԵúºͣ˲һ֮
Ҫȷ˵һɽһˮ
Ƕ͵ģ߲ʵ°
ǸڼֹģڷðСߴߵˣվ
ߵͷʵ˼仰ȻεŹ档Ȼǹ֮ŸУӡ
ûͽʽô󣬻ȼִģҲûҲʵߺȡ
룬ž˳˵ģҧ˵Ĺǲеġ͵׵ģͽмʽûʲô汾¡
ȻǸٰݸ˵ʦһǾŸͷѵŹ棬ٸ룬Ȱѡҹ˫ϥ飬ʽʲôʱĶ֪
ʱҲһԵȥúȣЦ˵ϲʦܣӽǿɾͬˡ
ϥۣȻ˸оСһЦ˵ԺҪʦ鷳ˡʦֿҪĹҰ
˵˵
ָԱվ˵λҲʦ֡ν˵ʦ֣磬󸻽ʦ֣ʦ֡
һһľϹʺãʦҲĻ˵˼ǹӡȴǸݵˣƤҲںڵģЦһ״ȴ˾δЦôº͡
Ѿʦĺص˵飬ȥʰһĶȻѾʽӣҪԺסˡԺͷǼݻţסɡڵҲˣʲô£˵
ҴӦţ˵ǡ
߳ɿ֣ʣôЩû
϶Ѿ׵Ķͷ˵ֻһΣΪ˰ʦҲֵˡ
ЦЦ⻹ʲôءȵҹȲʱվ۵ʱںڶĵطٳʱ򿴼ʲôǶǺħ֡Ҫ˵
æͣʦ֣ʦ֣ǽ̵ңŻҰ
˵أ
ҵͷ˵վסţʦֲ㣬ҲûʰϾͿԻһȡ
˵ãȥء
Ҳѣ֪Ժ󴩵ŴţҲûʲôʰġ
ס˺Щӵӣܼªͨ㼷Ұ㣬һ˷ƨݣһȺһûһԼ¹ŽźҲ֪˭ĽѾôϴ˻ճ
ҪˣȴûɵľЩ᲻á
ι㷢ʲô
һ£ɿתͷ
и˿ϣ֣ϴЦݣ۾ҿȣʲôƣʶˣ
գպͣ
Цҽպͣպ͡߹һѣϲɽӸΰ

18

ֳҵӣƲ˵ҾͲϲƤѼһɫ
Ҹ¶Цȥоָģסĳ˵Ĳӡ
˵ϲʦɹ
ƤЦⲻЦͬϲͬϲ
ͬʲôϲ˵ûʦ
˵ҲǸûͬ
죬¶İһţϧӴұ˺óԵͬģȻ㲻ͬ
ϱЦͬͬͬ˭ͬѵͬͬиͬͬġ
ҲЦգһۣű߶øӵݸҡ
ûӵżһɽϾŵ㡣
ҾÿˮϿʼġ
֣Ūģ
Цɽƣа취ι㵹ǳԲ԰
ˮӣҪȻҪ
Ȼԡ
ײ͵Ȼʲô˲£Ҳǹֵĵȥ
ӣһƳţܵȥ͵ԡ
澻ǺóԶ涼ǣĻŸտõ¶ȡ
Ҫ͵ģǱ͵һС͵ʮ˴ؾͱûˣֱӴӻ͵ġ
ʣպ͡
ʲô
Щİɣ
Ц˵ǰ
ֲá
ǰҰζҲҿ㡣
ӣݸһ롣ҡҡͷûӣԼԣҧһҧұһڡ
ܺóԡ
ô˵أ
ϲԣñĲãԾԼѧԲѵ˵ѧʲô졣
ЦԡҲϲԣҲѧᣬٺòˡ
ֻЦιģʳǳԲõġ
˵Ҳˣ㻹ô
죬˵
Ұڱ棬ڴڵҧȥ
оûԹôɿڵĶܣΪ֪ġ
ռ˱ˣͶĸоð
Եð뱥ĨĨ죬һ߶ƿӻλΣš
Ǿƣǲ衣
֪ʲôģǲ裬ǲûôˬڡ
ʲô
㡣
٣˵Ͳ˵úȾС
Щ죬ú𣿡
˵ãеۡ
ҿ۾µȷ˯ɫȦ
ôˣĪϺ۸𣿡Ȧ㹤Ǯ
պͿͰ͵ҡͷǮ
㲻Ǹ﹤𣿡
ʳ˰
㡭ô⻰˵е֣˵֡
ˡ˵شӵͽܻŽ߱˳ҹҹպ˵˵ҪͷҲף̷ֽҲ̳ӵͽ
ᵽʱܡ˵֮ǲôĿ
˵ʦʲôãҾͦõġ
պתã
ҵͷȻ˺ܺãһֱͦչҵġҪҲûܱ¡
պû˵˳ִԱߵһϸ֦ҶӰƬ¾
ҪᵽԺȥסˡԺӦÿԳɣ
˵һҿܻæ
һӹ˵ԼæקĺɽŻݻҪæƵġ
пյʱɣ٣пռǵöóԵİ
ң㲻
Ұַӵ·ƻʦʦְֻТֺҵģҧһƻ˵Ҳ³ɣɲ˶ᡣ
Ҿǿ佱ɣҲж࿪ģһʼҵʱȣɫûôˡ
˻
ҰѶĹĹĵģȻһ£æվ⡣
ôˣʡ
Һʦ˵һ궫͹ȥҪŪءһպͣһʳҸ˸⣬֪ǲڵء
պüͷһ£˳úÿüͷҲһԵúͱ˲һϡ
ȥɡ
ҴӦһܿͣ½ţܻ˵ô㣿㻹Ī
е㷳˵㲻ң˿ջȥġ
̬Ӳģ˵ʱֲͷҲʵ̫ԡ
˵У֪ˡ
ͷȥѿվ￴ңֿһۣǲòˡ
һֱǵãرã̫һƬ֣ǳһɫ紵ɳɳ졣
ҳԵ㣬˻ζ
ȥ֮ɫȻ̫ÿ˵Ķȥˣţʦû㣬Ȼġ
æЦԲסʦ֣»һע⡣
ңʰ·أ
¡
ѽΪպֳ˵ģҰ¶Ĺģ·һǰ˯ء
㰡˵ˣҲûʲôҪĶɣ
ûУѡ
Ǿ˰ɣԺҲšʦҸȴš
Ҹ߽ԺӡҵڶһҰݼʦʱΪ̫Ҳûעʲô̧ͷۿԺӵϹӡ
Ժ
ЦһЦʦҲԼдġ
Ҳ֣дͦġ
ɡ
еʦסģ᷿⼸סģָͥԺɫҽвĻ˵ЩʦıǵˤԼҲǧǡʦҲǰæϣԼԶֵģˮ֦׽Сӣ٣ȶԺӻϸġ
ҵͷ
ԺӴɨĺܸɾͥеϿż仨ֻ۰׵ĵȻķɹȥͱĵطһһ˺ܷɵĸо
ֱһ󡭡ǰģλի
ʲô˵Ǻͱ˵ĵطһҪİʦ𹦿Ҳġ
ЦЦ
ƿһӵţ˵ѾɨˣʲôĵҸù㿴ȱʲô
Ķܼ򵥣һŴһӣӣһܣм᲻֪˭鱾ǽи䣬е΢΢ļɫ
ݲİ˵һûסôõء
˵İɡ΢Ц
ġ˵˯˯Ŷ˯ɽҰϡǰûסӣһֻһס
Цˣ˵ʦܣǰǹúܿɣ
˵ǰ²˵ˡ
û˵۹Ҿã󡭡ºͶݵĸû۹⿴ҡ
ôţҺȻãܸо飬ů
ԼҲоġ
ãǰ²ȥˡԺʦʦ㡣ճɳʦ϶ҲǸΪ
ҵͷ
̸ǹȫµģ໨ѩ׵ıͷóҲġе㲻֣ȫҲ˵̸ǵ֪Ȼ쵽Щȫµģ˾ϲġЩģ
ʦ֣⡭
ҿҰѴϣ˵ѻõȵˡЪһɣҽԷˣʦ˵˵һЩĹʲôģɵϸˣ
ҵͷֶġ
һߣҵڴϼ̾˯ˡû˯ô̸ǣʲôȫµģҿ϶ɹ̫
ʦܣʦܣ
һ飬˹
վһߣЦ˵˯ĿͷƵġ
Ҳ˼ץץͷǰҶû
óԷˡ
еµĸߣ˯ĻڵصģҪˮһܻᾫһ˳ԷʱҲûж
ԷҲȥķˣûԺӡ˵ʦζ嵭ҲϲԷкܶһԳ˵Լģȥԡ
˭أ
ЦȻʦԼˡи壬ÿٷġҲܼ˺ܲ
еƣСʦ֣ÿ¡е㻨Ǯɣ
鿴һۣ˵еġʦÿ¶
ʣǣʦǮĶأɽɴ԰õİǮģ
һЦϵڱ𣿲ʦлЩĸûе˽˵ſ¡һ£˵ҲвҵЩһ仰Ҳ˵ʱ䳤֪ˡ
ʦѾȵˣλܿȻʦߵһŵӣȻǽҺ档Һұߣס
ϵķѾˣʦ
Ƕվʦ˲ûʲô˵ʦӿԣҲ͸ųԡû˵ԶĶҲСʦôֺܴˣʳʱȻҲԵͦ˹ġ
룬Ǹʦò˰ɣ
ʦҼһβˣܳ
Ц˵СʦӰ
ʦȻ˵ҪͿζͺϺ˵һ
ҴӦš
ҲûʲôϿζģҳ뷹
˵Ȼûպĺóԡ
ʱرĺ
Ƣ󲻴ãò𣿳̫ǲǻĪϵ
羹Ȼû϶ҲԵ޹ʾƢõİɣ
´ټһҪʣܲܰʲô
ǣ´ΡҪȵʲôʱأȥ
ֻܵҡ
ôһȣǴȥˡ
һعԺȥǰסǼȹҹֵֻĿɰСҲû¶档
ѧ䵱Ȼ࣬һ仰˵꣬Ҳʲô˵ġ
ľǣʦ֣ƽʱºһˣ𹦷ȻʦֵгɾߵһȻǻҧ˵ĹСȻǹƽʱͦһˣŬȴ˶ǿ

19

ûһʼѧĹѧȭţһķھȭǴĹ죬ľҲ͸ǽչô
Ҳͱһŵĵͷ䳡ȭʱҲչһȣֻ£ʱһʦʮŵŵġǸֵСӣССȴԵúʵ飬һͲһ֮ȻһݵʦţǱͲһϡȻҲңǰпھһһͶ㶼Ժû˾һ
˾ģһ̨ףһЩԸһȦ
ûԵʱԱӣԱ˶ĸáӹʱʦʦ֮ĸࡣ
ƴƴȭͷˣСҲˣϥˣòһڶ
鷢֮˵һΣҲһڳԳģҪļ
˵ȱ̫ˣƴһ㲻С
˵Ҳһζɾͳɵġ
ʦʵûнʲôʦ̵ֽȭţľ̵ġ൱ڴʦˡȷ̵ĺϸ͵ر
ʦǸڷ绨ѩµġЦʱϾ䣬λʦ岮ͳǶϾʦǸ
ҲЦЦҵġ
װ󲼰̫еѪ
Ҵˮݣʹ滺ĸо˾ƣ밡
Ȼϱ£Ȼ˽
ʦ֡ҸϽȻŴЬ
㲻æҩֽ򿪣ϣмںҩ裺ˮͿĵطһϾͺá
ֽһһɿɬҩ㡣ӣ٣ʦֹҡ
ֻЦ˵ɡ
ҲҩҪҩϣͰҩ͸ɾĲݸңһ߿Լ
ҩģ
˵ɽôҩأȻǽɣǵʿıоҩ
ǣҵˡ
ʦһҩأֻƽʱҲûеطȥáҾһЩҪǺõĻȥá
ЦЦʦְ
ҲЦʵʦ˺ܺ˵ģֻ㻹̫˽
ҩȻܺãĨȥģȥ١
˵оô
ȷͦЧġ
ͷǾͺãЪţҲȥˡǵãȰѹĬһ飬йһ
ҵͷǣҼˡ
ȥ֮ҰѲϣ̴ƣ˯
ûãȻ۾ˡ
еϸ΢ģϤϤ졣
Ȼӿһ죬һë׵ĶӴ˽
һ붼ûſ֡
СظӣӴֱĵϣ
ұϲ˼£β͡
оˡ
ֻ꣬ԼɽӰ
ҵιʱĶȥ˰ţˣ
֨֨Ľ
ǲǻؼȥˣҲ²⣬˵Ҿ͵Լ¶ˣôҵģһ˵طأסԭˡ
ı顣
ŵ𣿡ҰŰɣ֪鲻顣Ӧûйô顣
ұݺ˼ѣǾòֻСһΣأƫƫһһֱǹ
пˣôûݽԼɣ
ᣬȻעҵĽϡ
Ҳҩζˣӻ顭˵ͦġûôֻڡ
Ҳ˲Ľ״䣬ë׵Ĵβɨűģеָ֮оеů⡣
ۣġҰȻ˵ܸоҵĹġ
ιǲС꾫
ҵ˵һǶ̫ãҵıϣҵͷźβͷҵϣô໥˯˹ȥ
Ѿˣҷһ
С󣬵õůࡣ
˵ֻСң׽ء

20

ʦ˵ĺܶԣǰȰѿھĬһΣȻһ𴲣оȷһ
Ҳ˯úãСһ׮¡һĹǲǱ˵ļӴˡȻĻ˵ܡǱʿ׽ˣԾʹˡϾɽϱĲ࣬ǵʿࡣЩʿԳħΪΡУǲǻؼȥˡֻС꣬Ż길ĸֵûзֿܳϺ϶ᵣġڿƽ£һˡ
Թ緹ȥϴѡʦиСʦʦֻʦֵҲȥϴҲûôӣҲ˼Լľ裬߰Ķ档ģհӡӣлģر죬ҡҷСһ㡣
ҳˡ
졣
УӵҸߡ
ٷչչžҪˡ
Ҳзհ
Ҷһʯͷ߶ϴѣɣտϴ֣ȫҲˡ
ǻҲʼϴѡһ̣֪ϴĿ϶Լһ˵ġ
Żʦʦֵġ
ûʡ
˷
ôʡ
˵ô۵
ͷɣ۱˼ҵӲǾ͵ҧƴù
˵Ķԡ
˵˼仰˴˽ȶ࣬ѧȭ˵һʽôҲԡ֢ҲʦָϸϸĽף̵ְֽġҲ֣ȫ˽ѶϻʪţһˮˡҲһѣֺЦι·Ưˣ
һͷһȻ߶һ·ˮѾƯˣϽܻ
ˣ˵١һšˮһߴչͷҲһͽܡ
£û˵ʱŵʮˣڴøʦ𣿡
˵ԼյСӣȻݲͬܺĻΪһ̸ô˵ʱĽЩʵġ
˭˵İ
ݳȻʲôĶ˹ܣش󳡺ϣֻϴͽһ㲻¶档еɻ󣺡ҥɡ
ǣʦ˵ʱ˸š˵Ե̣ǽʣҪһž޵ˡ
룬ûʲôͷҲյĵӡ
֣ȫҡҡͷ˵ǵġ
Ҳûϸ˵
ǵͷϴѣȻ˵Ļ⡣Եô˯ô֣ȫݵʦչˣʦʦ֣ʮ״ӣԴסļһ㣬ԷҲȥԣôʦͽҲٵĺô
ʦ˵һÿϼʱ򣬵پԵЩ˵ˣûʦ岮Եô˲żüõйʡ
ʦʦͦͶԵģʱʱһ˵Ҳûʲô˶䵭ʲôġ
ʦ˵ĵȻȴе⣺ѵλʦ岮֮仹żͣ
ʦһЦ٣˵ĵطǷǣǷѾǼټСˡûطô׼һģֶκͺݾеÿءԶĲ˵ɣ˵ɽ²ǰи˫ţ˵ûУ
ҡҡͷ
ҲСɣ٣Խеû¶ԽҪԼڡǸأԭиŮӦҲͦòġҲвٵӣ״Ӿ㿴ģʦƯʦ֮λͼ˽ȻӶȢʦãּŵλӡ
˵ͣ£׷ʣǺأ
ʦֳȥ£վԵ˵һ䣺ϴݺ϶ʦǿʦã˫һѻ˾⡣ͳȥˡ
ԹԣãûŮûŮģȻҲ˵
ǣҲǵҴ硭
ǲǳأŶǵʿɣǻؿǰŵĻ񣬺ǵҴ硣
Ҳܲ˶˼ңֻǴŵ۶ѡ
ҽأңǻʦɽ
Щ
ԺԺ˵ǰǣҵĸĲ࣬ȭҲˣʼĹˡ
ǰôɣھᣬ죬߱ˡ
һʼֱ۵ȶҲˣľͷһۡ
Ȼףˣס
ʦһҩһ߰οǴôġ˵úãԵÿп࣬ΪˡҪôǻʲô˼
ЦЦ۵ǵûС
Сϣǲġ˵ʱҲԵرɡҾҪǺЩҲ͸Żõöࡣ
ʱãԵ֡
ֿɰͨԣʱҾҪôܾܵͺˡ
պȴһֱûŶСͶ˵պ͸øģһѲϣһǳԵĸ㡣Ǵպ͵£Ҳ˵ֻ˵סĽ
ǰסԺܾýԺˡʵǡŵƬ԰ӣһӾ;ԽȥĪϵȼλʦųλʦλʦԺӣһҲǽȥġ
һΪʲôֻͶأȻҺõŵĶԵҲҰԵģǣдֵֽͰ첻𣿻Уѵһ棬һҲûУôͷļһ͵ճӦҲѰɣ
ɽʱһ͸оࡣеУе˾еͦסȻҲûУʱһ𶷶죬͵͵Ĩƣ͸񶺸ʲôġȻ΢СӣҲǽơ
ǵ˿׵ʱȴһ齥˿
ûŮӡȻɽʱպ˵ĪиŮŮûɽĪϵļеطסڵʱĪ϶ûɽϣǺͼһȥˡɽĸûмֵֻ˼˵дһ꣬ĸһʦֵܾһ˵ŮǾͷ顭
ʱҪǿϺüֵİ
棬Һ֣ȫңû˵һϢеƣʲôϢصĲ˵˰죬ûס˵иϾƧطȻ͵
ʲô
͵¡˵ֵֺͣܿ죬е֡
һʱûס
˭͵ɽũҵŮҲϲɽ
ޣȻеĺеˡ

Ȼ

21

еĺеģ
ҡ
˰û˵
֣ȫΪˣϽ˵ιιû°ɣ
һع񣺡û¡ӦŪ˰ɣɽֵطô¡˵ڵʱӦûῴҲ˵
֣ȫѹͣеģе棬̬˾úܲĿһ潹ݵĴֶʱ飬ָоָˡ
˵٣ʵ²ʡ㿴Ȼںܶ˵Ķ֪ǲûʦųҪ׷ʵ˵ĵطֻĸѼţܣ鲻ֵİ˵٣˵ʦʦҲġ
Ǿòؿںƣǿ˵仰ͷĴϴѣȻҴƯ뿪˺ӱߡ
ҲǶһϲͨ
ֻǣúܲ
ЩѾĲĻ䣬·ֱ֣ȫĻȫ
Ұšˮ֮˩棬̫ɹţ紵ˮݵϢɢ
˿
һѾͬˡ
Ҳǰˣǰ¡ӦҲֻǰ
Щͽ棬Լ졣
̧ͷ죬Ȼ˶辭Ҵк
ϴ
к塣
ʮֵ꣬ģһԲС۾ƽʱԺסÿԺٷġ
ϳЦǺǵ˵ص˵̶Ҹȥĥնɶ˲Ҿһˡ
룺ûлףըһ̳ԣͦá
ЦЦУûУеġ
С߽
Ӹȥ壬Ҳæɡ
ЦǺǵ˵ãȱźɡ᲻᣿
ѧ
棬ߦҰŰаεƤ߶ţ߰˸˳ԷʦǸСףǴˣɵˣɱ𲻹ԡ
һеĲɡߦɱƬõгȻɢ˿̯永ţȵһ㸡һ߶ɻһҡ
ظ°
ҡҡͷû
٣Ұ˵һ۾Ϳˡ
˵ʲô°
Сӻʲô°ҪôʦˣǺصǳĺƢˣŲͽܡǿ϶ϱ¡
¡
ЦϱҲûɶɽϵҲһóҰѧ˳ʦˣɽȢƯϱɼңɶõģôٺ٣ֻܸˡ
ҲŸЦ
ͷɫ
˵ȥ
˵٣Ǿ˰
ֻ㿪ղǸ⡣
һƹţʦֵڲԶ˵ʲôأ
һعͷһɫӣƤϸס
屧񣬽̶
һЦ˹ܸմˮе㳱ʪǵǿ϶ʦĿζˣ˿벻
Ц˾ԣҲǸúֵüӣˮɹĥ棬棬ߦг¶ըϣ¡
ңôûУ
˵˳
ңȻһ䣺£
ҼֱǲҪ澵ӿǲдŴķն֣ôողű˵ֱ˵
ûа
ЦЦе¾Ͳزסôʲôˣ˵˵ø⡣
ҡͷû
Ͻ߼Ѳ𱧽ԡ
һòȥɡ
վǰԥȥĻʦֻͷ˵Ҫûдµ⡣
ССĳһȷȣѹһѣಲˡƽʱžûʲôȴһǰλεʵڲҺĴӦһ˳
ʦֹȻû߿Ҿ֪
˿ºͣʵļֺ͹ִһ㲻١
ǽһ󣬲ϰ飬Ϸűīֽǽϻ֣ͷһҶԵŶˡ
ɡָָӣȻҵ˱衣
ʦ֡
ţ
ûʲôġ
Щʲôأ΢ЦţѣҲýŰɣ
ҽ
һɣñе㺹ġǸղű𿾵ģҲܡ
Ǿʵǡ
ǣ˵һ㡭ԡ
Ŷ֡˵ѽĿ⿴ҡ
ǣ˿ĵ͵顭
˿°
̧ͷʦҲ˵ˣ
ţҲʲô˲顣˵㷳ոʲô
ҿԿ˵
žúܹôûʲôģǡ룺е˻ð߳ݣǣֻҪľضԷ£ʵŮ֮ĸһûʲôá
ҵͷѻǽϵֻ˵һʦд֣Լġ
ҿ˼䣬Ȼţ˵ǿԳˡ
Ҵûʱôʡ
֪Ϊʲôʦ˵ЩҾüȾִ٣ַǳڡ
λʦҲˣһڵʢ˹ҸԶְ̽Ȼ󰴸˵ϲüϽȥʦͺϲŽʦֽ˺ЩͣƳһʦֵ룬˿ζ嵭Ｘʲô϶ûзţװ׵һܸɾǿǺܼ˵ʳ
ڻԾͲˡ
յĺܵζҲըֵġ
극Ұʰʱ򣬺廹һӣ˵صضըһ㻨ҵҹԡ
Ҷӵлһ
ͦãСϻ
Ÿԣһϲ

22

ˣ˯ˣˡ
ÿ˯صذѴһС죬ʡСĹȻصذӷϣԼڴͷȡ
ùûʱ򣬹Ȼᶯһ£СӴ˽
ѹ٣֣һεİѻָ
С治ֱһϣ
ԣֲ
֨֨ĳ˺üöŹ˵̧ͷҡմ˻̶ͷҵ֡
ó԰ɡ
֨
ҺٺЦ
ÿμܷɣСһǸɣ޾ڣǸɰÿҲﻶϲһſ߳
ûƣ¹͸սϵСëƤɵģ·һı
춼ɽܣǺͬһ棿СԴֹ⻬Сɣβͣë׵ָסһƲʣƲӦûôͻĸо
ˣʣǲˣţûСĸϲ㣿
ҿ仰һʳԻ׵λȻҭһ£ֻСצźͿٿٿٵģֱ˲ӵﾢһϽβ͵ʹҡô¡
ȡһһСȿȿȵֱԣСֱ£ˡ
ʮھΣˮȿˮ
ҲãͻСе㡭ɶ㣬Ǻˡ
СˮĶСƵģȼھͷˮ£Ȼٵͷȼڡ
ʵҽеҡ
ˮˣ̧ͷСڶƵ۾ңȻſԱߣ´ôβɨҵ
˵һ飬ǰ¶ˡʱһСûԡһѩ죬ֵһ˼ſڡǸ˸Ҷԣ˯ʵʱ̫飬ֻǾú֣֡ûôõ顣ǻ룬˷Ӱɣǰͬ˵иСֵܣƭøȥ򡪡֪ʲôеĸ˼ңţѼȫˣҪֲʮСӣʳ˵ǱỹζԽ򡭡ֺ£´ѩֲҳȥ³ȥҲҪ͵͵һʯͷҴϣҪǸҪȥҾ͸һӡ
Сͷҵ
û´ǲ⣬ԭе㲻һԺģۣе㺦£û˯ʵǸҵѡӱȻʯ廹أѹ͸
зȻͦµġʱҶ֪ôܳġ
ʵ˵¶ǻһҲ˵Ӻ֮䣬Ҳ˽鰮Ľ£ֻ뵽СʱǸѩϵ£뵽Ǹ˵׺ݵ۾;еȻ¶ˣʵҲôˡ
СſǶһ㶣ȻСצӴ˻׵ݸҡˣҲԼιһš
Щ£һΪԼء
ʵûô򵥣еʱǼ׵£ǵرʱƫƫֱòˡ
СһҲ˵ûͱ˵ҲԸ𣬸˵ȴһ˵ȥңԸ򵥵İοģ顣
ҺСŻף˵ĲˮһֱĵﶼӶתߣСһͷ˯èкѽЩСһ϶Ⱥůڵģ˾ԼסһģʱΡ
󡭡ڼȣ޿Ĵ˵ʱԼǹ¶ֻǣΪһЩѵԭűɹ¶һһҵңٺͼиĸֵܽãůļңбԣ´
Խ󣬾Խ࣬ҲԽˡ
ڣѾʲôˡ
ֻǣֻһɫϣĵСôһʱ
󻹿ҵһ㣬ԼѾȴζģССģĿ֡

23

֪ǲ˵˺ܶ໰һ׮£ϾȻ˯ó̤ʵһһоرˬ
ȻϺѰȴе㲻һʦҲȴûһȥɢǰѼʦֶнһûбС
һ˴ȭ˰ȥԷʱǻûдʦϾһˣʢ࣬˵壬ȱʢʦʦǻûء
һЦƶظˣһ¶ҪȰǰԼ˲ɡ
˵ʲô¶δƣʵ˵ʦҲûر䵭ʲôģΪʲô첻ȥأ
ŶãҪÿɽϵĹǣϵĵӶҪУɶġŰ꣬ûɶϵۺصȻ󽲾Ҳ㣬ôôǣҪ̫ˣĩѿ
Ŷһ׹
Լֽõñң¶һûС
ɲôǿˡ
ǰĴˣڵĸҲûʲôϵǹڵʱ򣬻ֵܶʳ

ҳһ񣬺˵ٻһɡ
æ˵òãͦá
ҸհԶԶݵ֨ѽһˣȻǽŲ
ʦ˵껰ˣ
վҲ߹Ҳ緹ʦ֣˵ɫԵú֣ء
ǵȻ׻˵޵һ޵ڶһѧ䣬ͬѧϼ˭ԸԼԵñȱ׾ȱղź˵飬һҲɼ򵥡ǿ֣ĬȭףǸʦУҲҪ֮ͬ以ָ£ͷϷǰҲãҲãҲǲҪ˵Ŀ⣬һء
ʤ̭·һĿȻ¡
ܵһȻʧ䡭ͬߡңϸ룬һҸùƴԼҲһ¡
ȻʦǵɫղͬͷҴһ㶫ˡʦ϶˵˲ôǵĻʦȴ糣ˣЦ˵ҽΡ
ҵ֣ʦ֣㲻ţ
Цʲôأ飬ƽһҲûڲʦһԼҲһЩҪˡ
Ե˵ʦ֣㵹г費Ĵ֮簡
˼˿ȴûмųԣףôʵǺܾƨĵôŵ
ӣ٣ⲻǽ߳ô
ͷţ´ʦҲô˵϶ܻϲ
ЦЦʣʦ֣ǲаգһҲأҿʦ֣ƽʱҲͦŬģղýء
ҵаգֻݲͬǴʦߵĵ𣬺ΪӵģҲ̫ҵΡʦֲͬʦĴӣȻüЩ
Ŷԭ
ʦԭף
ʦһЦô𣿡
ҡͷ󰡡
һ׵ˡҺȻ죬ſ̽Ӵ
ô˼
ʣʲôأ
ЦЦһμʦֵˡ
ҲЦˣţôҲű£㣬ҲԵɡ
⻰˵ĺͳԵ֣ƺһгﶼʡ
ϸӿʼڵ飬ֻСԵݵó
ˣ¶ûɣʱ򿴿֣;ˡ컹Ṧȥ𣿡
ҵͷԣȥɽԶһ㣬ڽʲô
˵ԼľǡҪȥʱ˵˾䣺ˬģ˯ĲǾͺˣЩ²ö롣
ҵͷͳš
ɽ·һϸխǱȵٵһҲ֪ͨ·˵նն˵
ҷûܳԶͿһʯѾû˴룬Ҳݿ
Ҳˣǻܿʲô˼
ɽӲ롣
棬ֲ·ߡ
ǣǽصĻôû
Ѿ˺ܶĽ˰ɣнأʦѵҵʱ򲻻᲻ᡣ
ңҼҵġ
ǰľԱȷҪࡣ
ܵۼ嶥һĳȥ

̫Ѿͷ
Ҳͷϵĺǰľ󣬲Щȡ
ǰӦһܺƴĽɣֻǣѾãǰֻһƬ棬ݶ˵ôˡ
ǰʲôطأ
ŷתһȦ״
˿ʯʯͷԸĻָҲ߽а
ɣұۡ
еʲô
۳Ͽһ΢΢Ө׵Ľâӹɽۣ˹
ԭأǵü죬һ۾ͿԿӰ۴Ʈڣ̬ţһݵ̬Ȼ뵽ˣǶһֳģƮȻ̬вͬŵǻģġȴԵø翣Ұкףʿ緶
һµĽȻɢȥһ̤пıԵϡɽ紵Ʈڣ鲻ղȻ
ȻתͷĿҵעӴһ
Ҳ֪Ϊʲôƽģע£ȻսȵĸоĿ·˲ܵһֱ̽ĵסֻһ˲䣬ָоʧˣı·Ǻºִͣŵ㲻⣬ûпһת˹ȥעµƬ档
żʮԶһһվû·ͶԷȫ硣
ʵҲȷˡ
ҶҲ˼ʶֻ⻹ʣ֪϶ǲѷɫ
ˣһһء
ǲߵġ
˴һӣͷһ٣һ֪ʲôɵķֻȻ͸ҲûüҪ

24

ССģ֪ĽػѾĵط첻֪Ϊʲôô˲һʱ֣һâ
εĽâ죬ǰĪټǴμϼ˻Сϵǳڷõʱͳֶˡ
Ȼתͷȥˡ
һҲ⣬֪˵Ĺϵһò죬Ĳٽ
һܻҸղſĽӹˡ
ĿҲɨһۣ۲΢΢һЦƺ˵һڱʾǺɡͼ
ܶǰǽӣǾġǸ᣺ǻ㻹ëëŵġ
ƲƲ죺ǻ㻹ڼӣ˵ɽӲˣ˵󴳡٣ͦ˵ġ
ţ
طǰǽ
ˡʲôˣһͷҲûУ²ˣҲɽ𣿵ǣû˵ɽﰡȻʱĪ̸ǣŵʱã󼯻ᣬֻǺվýû˽ܹǷɽһԱ
ְ
˺ȻعͷЦЦĿңιλСѣ㿴ûУ
վȻ˿϶򵥣Ҳʾ
ֲҵģôְ˭ˡ
ȻһЦü䣬һӿȻԵر𡭡رġ̫ҫ۵Եʣķ·ҲĲã˾ۡ
棬ƫеϤ
ˣպǼһЦʱҲеѣĿϸ룬˵ĸоеءֻǣպԶû˵ĸоôô죡
Կ϶һɽˣɽɣĿװôأ
˵ط˵ҼҲΪġȻһֲ˵ľ䣬۲;Ŷڽǣô˵ǲأ
ûع񣬾Ϳţ촽΢ţеɫʹȥŪǸ˵Ķ˲ҿعס˵֮컵ķ顪
ҵһҧһƵģ˵תܡǸٶȽһ찡
ǰľɿƶڶȦХ
ǣôô
֪֪߳ܶôд
ȻȻ˵ôôġǱֻô
Уʲôأôʲô£
̫̫֪߳ˣ
ԾԲɽӣһаħһǶ˵϶·
ܵԼѾӣûϣϹܣֲؿƵôѹеۡ
һ½ŲϢ˼Σúܵ㡣
Ǹ˭
ǡ
ʲôϵ
ΪʲôǼһ˵Ƭ˵ҵҲΪأ֡
ƺʵĻ緹ʱȥӣֹһȲ裬ȽƤ
ûڣʦֹˡ
ôˣǺƣءʡ
ҲƣۣǱŵġҿɲ˼˵
ͳ
ҵͷţеóԾˡ
ȥɽʲôջ񡣡
ҡҡͷǵ׻Ǿñﲻס̽ʣʦ֣֪ɽн𣿡
£Ȼ˵ܵȥˡͷˣʲôءûʲôȥġ
ʣʲôطΪʲôĽأ
ʦֺе֮ûشһŻعŶǰɽǱֹġˣҲͲٳΪҲɽ֮ǰˣҲ̫
ҵͷ
ʦ˵ĲǺϸһ֪
Ҵʺ壬٣벻̸ȴϲ
Ǹ

ɺܾˣԴɽɣ˵˺ܶħֵģǣҲǲ̫ܵжʮ˰ɣȻˣשʯҷģǺˡ˭Ҳ˵˭ģôġҲûˣҲ¶˰ɡ

ҰϢһ顪٣ʱ˵˵ļҲΪ
ѵѵסǱס
뷨һ¶񺮡
ȻĽⴿֺǿЦݾֹʵڲͳˡ˵飬Ҳʵ̫ˡ˵ҿһ㲻š
Ǹа񣬶Цʱе㡭˲ĸо
ǣҲ˵Ϊʲô죬ʦԤŴ󿼵ʱɽ塣
ɽżţгͷ
ܰ
˶Ѿڡ
˵ǡǺܶǰģȻصΣΪһΪһ˼䡣
վߣЩʯ飬ѵǽԫе
ȻĶһ

һСԴӲˮëɫڶƵתתĳңɰ
ף
Сꣿ
־ϲ쿪֣ӯһ
ôﰡҿܣ㲻סɣ
֨֨ĽҲ֪ڳϻǷϡ
ȻҲ˵Լܵﻹͦĵģβͳ֨֨еʱɿ֣С䡣
ˣ챧ļһ˭ѵ˼һС𣿡ҺȻСʡ
֨֨
ǼһǡߣҲϲҿҲ˳ۡұԹҲָСܸҴ𰸡
Ȼ˵˾䣺ôô֪㲻˳ˣ
һת
Ǹվ󳤲ˣǼһ˭
⣬⡭ʲôʱģǱҪ磬ֻû
㡭͵˵
̧̧üë˵ôһõ͵𣿡ңҲɽ˰ɣú͵
ұ⣺˭͵ṦţЪЪ
ֻһЦ𣿡û˵ʲôתͷƬķ棬˵ǰҲܵ
ţ⻰ʲô˼
Уʲô˼ûϵ
תͷ˵ɡ
ȻȻǽңǽһſŵСꡣ

25

С֨֨ſһû
٣֪ǲģС겻ˣҶʱĻŭţԼӡ
ҲԼһʯϣһ£һʲô׹ұ̧ܵӹ
ӹٿʱǸСƿ
ǡ
׽Це˵ζҪıһţ£ǵ˯ǰˮ
ʲô
ȫû
С֨֨Ǹֽһ䣺㿪ʼʱѾ̫ǶѾˣôҲֻˮ׼֮ô˵Ҳߣ߶٣ÿԼǱʺ͸ŬŬվ˵дü󣬵Īؿζ
ޣ
еСǻǱʲôϵˣеϵ
Ϊ˴󲿷ʱͦãеϸ֦ĩڵĵطͻȻе㡭ġ
ʶ϶ʣ벻ʲôʵĴʶˡ
СƿӻλΣȷ춯ҩ衣
ǣƾʲôңǺܽѵõĶ
ʲôЦҸƽ޹ʸ㶫ҪģҰæģûʲôϵ
˭˵֣ȻʵһҲûУպģ
Цǰ㻹ûɣ
Ҹæʣôɽʲô˰
ͷǼӡȻͦõģܵĺϾˡЩҩϴĥģɱ̣ˡ
䣬СҲ֨֨ȤǻƤ
ҲҪȥˣûʲôҪҴģ
֣Сˣһȥӯֲ˵ļ
룺úöؼ¶ҷ˾ȥȥ
һ£ȻЦһЦһ˵Уһת㷢ˣŸͷ̧Žɣҽúöİݷݵڼҵ㡣
֪ǲҴС׺ݵĳһСѩ׵һ
תߣһֻ̧˻ӣξûС
СƿվԭأǾһ
˭ãղܱǣűߣȻһֱû
Уպ͵ĽΣҲһֶû©
ãҺǰŪˣϸһȴʲôװ
κǸСƿ˷壬ȻΣֽûΣûûԼݣƿҲûֶ
˵İɣûҪƭҰΪûʲôֵƭ
պҵıҩ
ǣպأѾôûмˣ벻ǼһЦģֻǵ΢΢ѣεģշȵĸо
ҰƿҿϿ¿ְοζЩҺУ֪ǹҩζʲôҩԲסˣпŲ
ܲǶҩ
ΪСƿһҶĲɡ
ΪҪʼ䣬ҼʦֺʦҲûĹǲǳǷɵе¶æһȭţִһܸﶼֻһ뾫һ뾻Ǹҩ
ƽʱܾʱÿ죬ȴıţò׵ȵΣϴϴ׼˯
صعһˮСƿ
ŵùպ͡
еŲԼ
ʲôǱʿҾҲʦôŬ˵ʦǰӲʱ򣬶ѪǼֲꡡ
أѪû¹Ҳ¿ˮ
Ҳ϶ûǼλͬʱŵֵСӺǸеذʡ
պ͸ҵĺҩ¡
룬¶ģƿﵹһҩ
лƶ̺ġ
һͷҩˣȻ˹˵ĺݹһͨˮ¶ȥΨҩںƵģһˮҹˡ
ȻߵЬľͷ׮һֱֱľ͵ڴˣһ
ҩЧ
û׽Ч֪ôô
ɺҩЧ
һĨڡ

26

и˶˵ܰҡ
и˶˵Զߣۺʱۺεأۺ
ǣǸˣҿ
ңЩƺҲ⣬ģǱ飬Ҫö顣
һֱһƽƵģͻıʷ
üޣҲŷԼ᲻á
ǣȴǲòſԷ֡
Ҳ˵벻
ǣȴһƬãȻУʧȥټ
ϺΣǶǳģ͸ĤǰκмдεĿհף·޷Խʱ䳤ӡ
һ亹ճϣ䳱ĺܲ
Ĳ֪׽ҩɺҩЧͣڶһԺģѲ֪ûдЬҲ֪ûдţŴۣȴŵʱһͷײſϣһ֮һڵϣֵĿţΪʲôͻȻˣݶԶˣ

ϸķֱ棬Ȼе㱵˵ʦְ
ҶͷϡҾͷǺײΪұײĵط̣ԲԵֱˡ
ôˣ
еڳݲ˵ûû壬ײˡ
̾ѽǲĥȭţƴǺãǲ
ûĥ
ҷҽţһǾԼһһǿԿǳȥˮҩҴһײ˵ͷȻ緹ǰ˵ҵȥԣ㡣Լ𣿡
˯Ƶĵͷʵ˵ʲôѹҲûȥ
ʦֽ˼ʲôֻһζͷ
ˮʱǺˣʱӱǿ׵ȥԺߵ˲֪ãҲѹ
ãѾǰˡ
Ժﾲĵģûˡ
ˣʦǽͿʼˣӦԡ
ʦӦȥ𿼽ϵģʦȥϵġһǳ̣ûû䡣
ΣȴһҲǲá
ֻǣУǳķ߿ʧġҪ
ҴԴԼһ㣬ٶһ㡣һƫײ˴۵ҰӴһ˰졣ȥʱһоͼҲˡ
ˣ֮ʲôΣǾǰɡ
ʦҲ˴ʱŻɫÿϾʦԼͺ黭Щ飬ʦƽʱΪӦʦҲãΪ˱ԭҲãȱʦ岮ĵǶһЩ鱾ҲôһҲ̫ѣɽֲõȥ״ԪʦɫܺÿԷʱʦֺü䡣ƺʦֲʫܾͨһдɽˮͼøλʦųƵƵ̾
극ʦǶûоɱģææȥϴ˯ҲǣҪУɵ˾С
һûɵģʦңôͷ۲ۣ
ôۡǴʵȷǲôۣ˸һͷƵģľ
ǲҹˣҴһʣҿɫá
һʰһ߰ǻţһ춼޾ɵġ
ʦüͷôɣȥʦ˵˵úÿһ
ҡͷ˵ˣʦ϶Ҳˣҿ¾û˯õĹϵ˯϶ͺˡ
ٳԵڶҩʱδе㻳ɣҩ᲻ƭƭǮļҩηʿҲʲô󻹵յƵĶպ͡᲻ƭˣ
Ǹ˵ô֣£ӦòǼҩɣ
ڶҲȥججҲ֪˶ˮڴϵĶһ죬󱻴󸫿ľͷ׮ӡ
һǽ֮ʦǽ֪ýɶõģǽ屻õ죬Ǳʣû°ɣ
û
һ־û˵ͷʹˡ
һҹʱ˯ʱѣҺߵĵ͵ģԶĽģеĺ˵еŭеڲҽаΨԼǷģֻЩһƬûͷĻУ֪ԼȥƺҪʲôҪȥѰʲôҪȴһҲ첻ľᶯҲ
ԼԼ֪ҲҲʧȥġ
ؿʲôĶ˽ȥôۡ
͵һۡ

еԺգ˼ۣеګګ˵ʦ֣ٿܣ㡭ôﰡ
鲻̫ÿǸװ׽СƿңʲôҳʲôҩأţҹҾͽв㣬һֱѣҩôҳԣӣǲǾǳҩԵģ
̫ѨԼѵûƵôۡ
ǡҩ͸ҵģ˵ǺܺõĶ϶ẦҰ˵ǳе㷸Ҳûʲôëʦ㲻ҵģû¶ġ
˵û¶˵˰䣬ڻǰѻѹȥ㲻֪һ϶켱ġҩģ
룬ҲûҪպ͸ҵġ
ʦֹȻһ£ʣպͣ
ҡͷûУ˴ҵġ
ʦְƿһҩһ£ʣʲôҩ
˵׽Ȼ˸˵Ļʦ˵һ顣
ʦֵı鲢ûԵöÿǱȸղ滺ˡ
һ
ҳˡ
һַŻƿƿӵݸҡ
ҩӦǺҩ˵ھҲûڱҩı䡣
ͷЦ˵ô
ƺ˵ʲôվû˵վһ䣺Լ൱ģҪʲôԾģһҪ˵
ǣ֪ˣʦ֡
ҵͷеᣬƺиҲ׵ζ

27

ʦֽ컹Ҫȥеİɣ
ͷɫѾˣҿֿܲ˵һҹûеҡǲ˵һҹû˯
ôоȥӦԣ
ʦô죿оȥô磬˯һߣɲͨһ£ٿȥ
΢΢һЦҪģúϢɡеʱʦһ㲻ʹӦ䣬ûʲôϵ˵Ҳ֪ģͷϷ졣
˵Ҳǡ
ɿҵһߡ
һڹֳȭ쾫õö࣬ǻǸоʲôԵı仯ֻֽŻǽţһȭǽԾɡкܴһβࡣ
һšֽֿʼСʯĥˡʦͷ±˵塣ԺĥڣԺԱԵʦ岮ﶼϸ⣬ҲٵĺáҪʦҲ϶ʮӣǸԺһҼɹģĻڵĺô㲻˵Եģ˵סɡЩʦ岮ǵԺҲ󣬷Ҳһһ仹и࣬ĸ˼һҲۣ

Ұֽһͷ֣ȫ֡
٣ôˡ
̯̯˵û¡ʦǶæȥˣǲʸ񡣶ˣͷôˣ
̧ͦ۵ġ
ʱ򲻵ģײſˡ
Цһ㲻ӣСǶҿҲţİȻһͷײȥ
ǾеĨһֲңùǸҩ
Ƚݰɡ㻹ûɣȥ㵹
Ǿ̾һ٣ɾһסһݣ
ҵͷǰԺʦͽܼϵҲ߰˸ˣͦġ
Ľֱ죺ҿûôиˡҺʦּһ䣬ų޹Ӱĥִ
Ұοϰ˾ͺˣһ˶ڽţѵĽžͲѻϣ⿴˼Һˡ
⣺ûôҲСˡ
ˮɡ
г˼䣬Ȼҿ˼εĿˡȻϢͨ˵˼ģѹ˵ʦ֣
ҵͷǰʦǸĲɵʦĵӣЩҲͦڵġ
ֹڣŶš
ҵ֪
ܵõŵĿޣǺѵð
ţһҲģûˣҲ֪ɶ˵ʫдҲ֣ܲȫеɥǿö࣬ץһʽʦЦ˺üΡ
ʱ˵ںɽµʯ̨ǶͷϷȥɣ
˵Ȼȥ
֣ȫͷţҲȥʱ˼ҵĽʲô˵ѧŲٶ˵һøʦǹľȥأϿɲȱȱһͷ
԰ˡ
ʦֿ϶ҲҪ̨ģҲøӼͶȥ
±ѾѳģˣվԺͿŵһɲ˵ζ
ԺſڣӶȳˣʦȻģ鿴㲻ҰкǽΣʦ˵ãȻǱʦƵæҵģŪԼʱкüĲ׵ĵطֵá
ʦû
ҪʦһɡӶ٣㡣
ţ±ˡ
٣ü
ҿʦǽԺӣ֪ʦֽôأУ᲻Ҳ˳Ķȹ
춼ʦһʦҲûϸʣԹҾ
ʦ֣Ҳ˳ɣ
ţѻѴڴͷϾô
ûʲôһġ˵˯ú㾫ȥľȥ
ЦЦӮʵҲں
㲻ںںѽ
ˮֶһ£Ц˵ãôҲӣװһ
ҽӹˮһڣʣǸҩһ˰ɣ
š
˵ʲôֻ˵һ䣺㡭൱ġ
ҵûʲôĵģҿǺܲġ
Ҫʲôǵýһ
û¶ģʦңú˯úõıҪ
Ҫŵʱһعͷ
רעĿҵģֻûϵһͷ
ıԵǡ
ʦֶû˵ģȻҽģҲˣҿȻһŲµӡ
˯ô
Ҫŵ˻ʦ֣Ҳе㲻ġҪ̰ɡҪʲôͷҲ֪Ӧϡ
΢΢һȻ󻺻¶һȻģЦݣٺòˡ
ãռ˵¶ȴŪúҪҵһ
ʦϣҲǵͷˡ
պһҲǣúöŪֹҩңҲ֪аûС
ңô㣬һĿն鲻
Ұ̸һȥʦִǰѾѣѩ׵ĵŽڴǰͷҲɢںڵһ縴ڼϡһûʦ⸱ӣļԵñƽʱҲ㣬˸ŵɲѧˡ
Ұһҩ赹Žʦְˮݸҡ
ȥ֮ϤĻоصʯͷһ
ȥܸоʦҸ˱ӡ
У˵˾ʲô
ֻѾû취塣

28

žһһ䣬ܺڰţǰξе£е㲻һ
ǰûо䡣
һεУú䣬ɭȻо·𡭡·ǱʲôطһûɣûйҲûϣ
ʱͿǰμʲô
ѵʱ򲻼ǵãǻ㱵ʱЩ龰ĴӼֳ
ʹУҲúԻ
ҿ֪и˾վҵĸǰ
˵װɣòŵĶңòŵĶ㡣
Ҳ֪˵ʲôף˵Ļе
ԼòŵĶȥԼһֱҪһֱϵĺ£ٺҲûˡ
ֻǣ֪Ϊʲôôʱȴúܱˡ
ͺˣһЩ뵽취ԽԼΪʹͺˡĻ͡
ǾôأһҪѾˣܹ׷ءʹڵõһֱҪĶǼȴѾˡ
ǣܿģǸ˲ˣֻһվǰ
Ǹƺܱˣ׷ʣΪʲô
Ϊʲô
ҿ˼ԴǸ𰸴ڵģ֪ץסˮϸ΢ĻϺ֪϶ڣȴ֪ţֻһһεȥͽ͵ģȥ׽
Ϊ
Ϊ
Ҫõ
ΪҪůҪŵҪõ
Ĵ𰸣ȴ˾ñˡ
ʹУҲԸоԼᡣ
ȫ޷ס˺;ָоǺСʱ򣬶ŶںŶӣȥȴ˼Ұϲµʱ࣬Ǳؤ룬ȴֻš̫СֶۡŰǺٵȥȻòҵһƲ룬Ѿصˡ
룬ȴѾҲࡣ
Ρ
˿԰ǿ԰Ǹˡ
ȴѾˡ
ʵʱİοޣҪޡ
Ҳڿޡ
Ҳޡ
ֻ۾ܿƵҪᡣ
ʹһһѵʱһԻл㱵һʵʦܳ컹ҪҪ
ҵ˯ǾԼẨ˯һβѵġ
ʳҲܹߡ
ܳǧܳ
ҺѹǾǰһ۾Ҳˡ
ɳɳ죬ˣһһŨء
ȻƺһůԴͷĸסҵ塣
Ϥģеİġɼȥ׽
ξеĻþɣ
ǻþҲ¶ȣʵĴ
ԸоһƤ¶ȣʱʱԶУ
ԸоԼסְĵģ̤ʵĸо
Ѿµ˺ܾãԶҼǵõʱ仹Ҫöࡣ
ƺʲôᴥĸоһƬҶ䵽ϵĸоҲǺ˵棬ôӯ
Ϊʲôᵽ´ĸоȴؿںܿնղָоһ
һжΪʱĸо
۽ǵʪˡ
Ϊûô
ĳʲô죬ţԵůʧˡ
Щʧ䣬ȻǵůԳΪο壬Ȼûкá
Ȼ֪Ϊʲô˹
ϸıӣڴϡ
ϣӦ˯ڵ²Ŷ԰ɣţԼѵȫһո۾ˣǰʱֻľĸоȫһ
ҼǵʦֵĴǰĵذ˯ŵġ
ʦ֡
Žţͷվڴǰݽǵֻ򣬱紵˸ԾӳӰ
ҳһ´ʦ֣
عͷҲϤģûϼɱֻһ˲䣬̬ͻָ糣ΪҸղһۻˣ˸ϣҲ˴
ˣ˵
վʲôеɻʣһۡڰ䣬˿ϸӵͥԺɳɳ졣
ָָ棺ˡ
Ǹ𰸣ʵȫߡ
ôܴȥˣ
˵һһ䣬ҩҩá˯ůЩ
ҿͷɫʲôʱ֣ǽӽˣģһӴＷӡ
ʦû˯ðɣҿ϶ˡ
ЦЦûʲôҲ˯ˡ
ҿеˮǱ齦ʪģǡʲôʪĶﾭµĺۼ
ûʲô£
ûС˵ô
ͷҾҴûôѹǲ˵λˣ
ûУ˵ʲôҲû˵
شϣһص̡
Ȼ޻ֱ
ֱû˵ʵ
ûʱһ˵ʲô
˵ƽʱͣҲзǳִļӲһ档˵ʲôʱƾôҲ˲͡
Щģоģȫǻþ
мʵģмģֱȰ˽ǹѲһٱֲͣתĵգҴѧӦôȥ¡
ֻӷɽ꣬ԷɲߣĴ˾úܷ
ȥץһѣûץ
ȻһĹâӴϵӿаֻӻ˾ȵƬȻֱ׹
ҵĿתȥʦͷҲ֪ʲôֻʳ롣
ǣҿԸоܲȡ
ʱͿԷʦƺƴѹĳҲ֪ģԼеΣյ
˵˯ɡ
ջĿ⣬תĶ
۾˲䣬ҺȻ뵽̨ϵˮա
Щˮӡèǣֶצӡ

29

ʦֵ̨ͬԵ˳ͳΣǿǩġ
ҸʦһȥΪȥľˮ豭ʦҵЩҩţʦֻЦЦҰЩ¡
һ
ʦרŻһԿǻ̫ض໥ˡˣҲרŵڵҩ
Ŷ
ҲǣͨҩèƵĻֶοòˡ
豭ţװšʦֵɫ֣أȻкʱ򶼻еЦݣҿǹɡ
ƽʱ΢Цʦ֣ȴԵá
ʲô¡
ҲעҲûȫڽ콫Ҫʼı棬Ҿáˬ󲽷Ҳǰ죬Ҳǰ
Ǹ׽ãȻҲпΪҳԵñ˯㣬ֲñûµĹϵ
˵
ʦֿң˵о񰡡
͵ͷԼҲͦġ
˵ţɫ
ǰʦ˵αԵʤ潣һһһһһ
ʦԣһֱû˵
ʦ֣Һһ

ĿɨҲ֪Ϊʲô©һ£ղ˵ʲôһ벻ˡ
ʣʲô£
ʦֵùƷ𣿡
Цˣùģȥˡ
ҵͷûҸղžʲô
ǽ껹ã͸ˡ˵ˣҲȱ
Ц˵Ǿллʦˣף쿪ʤ
ҲЦЦû˵ʲô
ʦûкһԵ
˵ط֮ȳǩ
ɽ˵಻˵ٲ٣ɽϵĶʮλʦ岮ÿ˶˶ٲȵĵӡʮһٵĻһλεʦ壬ֻһͽܡǸһʼɽʱҴꡣ
ҿʱһҶվԱ߷
߿̨ϵģƹȥǱ߲С˵
ңţҾеƵûš
ʲôֿ㻹ƣ궼ûô֡
˵ΪʲôֻŲμӱأҲԵġ
ǡ
粻ͬ
ȻͲ࣬Ҳͬʱŵġ˼Ա죬Ҳ־
ǣǻûѧɣ˵ѵȥʦֱȭš
ҲЦˣǰ˼˵ŮƤرף⻰еǰλȻŮӣƤһϸɣǵءһ㷨
ۡ
ɽȭţڹṦ֮ǽֵǣˮƽҲ
ѧġ˵ڼʱѧһЩ
ŶǸлġ
ˣһ˵ҽ֪ʦ㡭
Ǻǣƣ˪
˪뵽ճ˪ɽġ
λ͸Сʦܣ˵ڼҵʱѧʮ츳λʦ֣سˡ
Ȼӹš
أ
һ֪һôء
Ȼ׽Ҿƺûʲô仯ʱ򻹶ˮգȥԷʱŻҲûΡ
ƺǾһ㣬ûбı仯
ͬʱӵʹǾ˺ܶˣ̸һ߹һɽϣҲÿ˶
Ҫʼˡҹ˲ٺ˵ҵȥʦȥ
˵ҲȥɣûҪźľʦ֡
⵹ǡ
ʦֳеǩţܿǰʮʯ̨϶һԵվλãԤ
Ҽʯ̨ǰһʦֱʤ
˷ߵ˿ңұߵҲңֺǡ˲˼۹⡣
ߵ˵ʦ
ұߵ˵ʦ
̧һ󡭡ңʦ֣ǲ̨ϡ
Ͻ
Ǹ˪ӵĸҺ棬ЦЦᶼˡ
࣬˶ＷȥҶ̨ӣѾˡ
Ұߣʦֶɣʦ
̨ϵ˶ͬʱһ£תͷ˿ңȻƴĸס
һ߹ۿӦ̨ϺʦֶԴλʦֵ֧ߣǶͦۿһҲԡ
ûɣŪҲ˼ٴĺˡ
ǸҲʦʦͽôҾúĶȣʦ͵ģһһĻȥ˸񵲲Ҿ񵲵ʱֱһܴܵĳᷢġ
ǵĶҶܿ壬ȻҾãʦֿ϶䡣
һ
ʦӮˣȻͨġ
Ӯ˾Ӯˡ
ӭʦ̨Ͻϲˮͺ
ˣʦӦҲʼ˰ɣ
ʦֵͷǰ
ʦأ
ǩ㲻֪𣿡
֪ʮĺ
ӦñȽϿһ㡣ʦֲҵøϽЪһ£һء
ǣʤ߻һ֡ʦֵӣûڵһξͱˢȥ˵Ǹܴİοǵڶ־˵ˡ
ֻнֲʤԵõʵʵĽƷ
ȥʦȥ
ʦֽӦûɣӣڶ־ʣһ룬־ʣһһ룬һΣֻʣ¼ˡǼˣʮֵķ⣬ܵһͬʦֵܵ۾壬ʦǵļν
ȺＷȥǸ˪֪ʲôʱҲɢһȥˣҿʦֵӰʱһոҪ
ҵǺĺ͹ľǡ
˰ɡ
ʦֵʵǿҲкض˵һҲ׾ٵ¡
רעĿ̨ϣҼһġ
һعͷ̵ɴۡ
պͣ
ɲ
һҺƤЦЦ̧ͷ̨ϣʦ֣
Űʦֺġ
Ʋһ죺𣿡
ҹ˲ϸгҲ˲ٿʦֱĽͻȻһһιôһֱӰ㣿
ûشҵ⣬ֻ˵˸ҩˣûЧ
һӻȣԼûֻ
תһתӦòġҪĳЧɣҩǺҩҿɷϴ󹦷˲ŸŪġ
˵ǣմ٣Һܳ㻹ǵø˵㵽ȥ˰ôþһĿնûҲ֪ȥĪ˵㲻ˡû˵ȥС׸ͶЩСҲ˵㵽ʲôط˵ѵݵر˲ɣ
̾һҲĺܿడ㿴㿴Ҷݳʲôˡ
ҿӺ˲٣°ҲˡҺٺһЦСƵģġ
ɸ۶ɤ˵Ϸ˼ҡ˼Ҳ
Ҵʧɫžһ߷һŻǺʮƵĶŪû˼Ƥ
ŻŻһ߷һ̧ͶҰɣ緹Բ˶ȫ㺦ġ
Ŷ㿪ҵߣֻȭȥһʯͷתȦ
ҺȻͣ
Ҳͣˣеɻʣιôˣ
˵㡭ˣ
Ѿ˺ЩṦˣʾԺɽʱһˮƽǸղ׷պͣȭͷǰٵģȽܵȴʵʵǣʹһ׷
ɦɦͷǰҾǱѧ书ʵҲѧģǣǡ
һˣ֪㣬ѧʲôõģ˭ѧأôʦʱû㡪˵ͻȻһֿԣǲǸҩǸ˽㣿ɽ˰ѧ𣿡
պ̾˵һѾѧĲ෴ǾѧûʲôãѧҲաҵˡ
ͬĿ˭ôԵ
պҡҡͷҲ˵ġҲ
˵
գգۣûټʡ
ˣȻ˸ף˵㡣
ʲô°ôӣ

30

Ȼͣˣȴûз磬Ƶ͵͵ѹڲԶɽ嶥ϣ紵ϳʪ΢䡣
պ˵Ҫһȴ˵ĵطʣ˰죬ͣһӵĺͷתϴŵЦ⣬֪ڴʲô⡣
۾ֺڣרעĶ˿ʱ򣬸оһɾ޴Ҫ˵ĻǶһ
ʲôҪʾͿʰɡδеĻţ˫۾Ūе񲻶ġǣ˵ΪʲôĻš֮ˣе㡭Ź֡
˵ֻЦ
ιҾԼĻٵģҪʲôҶѾúܱ·硣
ȻչҲŵһ󱳵һӣҲû·ˡ
Щ죬ûУ

еͣң㣬㶼ҲûҰ
գգۣСûĵļһ챻ȥģúòãԵôůůһң
е㲻ڣ̫˵ʱĺˣȣе˵ָо
롭Ҳ㣬ʲô
ü۽ǶŨŨЦ⣺ˡι
ܵͣԵúᣬǡǡСë׵βͣϲɨȥĸоºͣ˳˾ůůġе񣬾ֻ䣺ϲϲң
˳ھ𣺡ȻҺһڣ۹ЦӪ˵ħͼ˺ܶ࣬ҸϽҧס⣬ǡϲȥеǱķʣ˵ʲôʲôʲôϲϲģҸϲ㰡ֲϲҡ
̹Ȼ˵ϲѽ֪ΪʲôһοʱϲҪҪȻҸǲźһ𰡡Сء
߳ŭʲôСأҽУ
СţƤǹǰͼʶԼϣôϲ㣬ͲҲϲϲ˼Ϊ˶ٿడɽǴģ֮ǰҾ֪û¶ҡΪ㣬˼Ӷ޷˰ءҵȥŸɸɵĸûˮ۵۽ǣһίȫӣ˼ҵԲ˯ãŪԼҲԲ˯áΪ˶ƫһѾ˼˵ûԲ棬춼㣬ȻôʯĳҲмһˡأңǡأһһ˼Ҳûа
Ҷ綷ĻûеǸɶɶǣǱôһ˵ıĶŪҺһĻ˵Ƶġ
˵ι㡭
ء
˵
ء
޿һϺȣұ죡
һۣƺҲ֪Ǽ˲ճƤһգһͦһվֱǣұ졣
ǸպͰǺֵܣ˵ҳԣǷҳԻ˵
ҧŴµµתһ˵ֲ˵ӡ
̧ͷһ£˵ˣֲŮģ㣬СɽϴˣӺͿ˰ɣ
ҧŴһСϱҡ
٣˵ѽ
Թĳһۣұϵĺëȫұġ
һţ뻹ˡ߳ȥ˵һ˳شöʹóҾɣƤ϶ɽıܳɣƤֽҪͼʵö࣡
úã˵ˣҸ˵˵ɣ
󹷹Ƶ˹ء
ұǿ罿յɤüƤѸðһлú˵ֶţ
˼벻ͷˡҪ֪鰡ǲ䣬ֱ֣Ա𣬲ֹ磬ǲֵġϲϲ⻹Ҫʲôɰ
ͣͣͣҲվҲ֪Լ϶˵ϻ
ãһףӣңͣǣϲ㣡
Ҷ䱻죬۷ַ޲ȥȴû˾û
ûãطƧ
ȭͷսȻһף۹룬ࣺһ㶼ϲҰ
ſھ˵ȻǣȻʲôأ
Ȼϲ
⻰˵϶ףǼô
ǣΪʲôһ־Ϳϣ
۰Ͱ͵ĳңԽԽǰûעĽëôƤôϸ
ౡ
ţţ
ʲô
ʲô
ûվȣɽιûվȣҲûվȡ֮ҵ촽֪ô¶ʹյϣġ࣡һ¡
Ŀ
ԡ
ҳңȻһ˵׾ף˼һ׼ҲûС
ſڽ࣬ңһ䣺׾װɡ֪ҲϲҵģҲû˿㲻ò˼
ңǲ˼
𾪺òã
ǸǸɶǡֱסˣۣŽߵģŨĽëͼ
촽ĸо

Σ϶⣡
оû̫ãܿƿȻǳɧĳЦЦ촽ഥĸоȴ쳣΢΢е˾İģԡ
ҵָڴϣĿ
ڴһ״Ǹո͵ȵèţζõĺܡ
ζõúܣ
һ̫̫
ǵĶ֮ǰɣչɶҿѾ˵ˣɲܳĺĸıҰ
뿪ڣҵ֣˵ҲǿЦ׽Ū㡣ղ˵ĶĻӵһμҾ;˲һеĵλֹһѣһͬ飬һֵͨܡҽ˵̫ͻȻһЩȥ֮úһ飬һ˵Ļ
ദʱ䲻㳤Ҳ̡֪ûЩ£ͻȻ˵㡭һʱҲ϶벻ͨ
û
ͣһ£˵ν֮ӦòٱпҾȥ㡣
ƺ˵ʲôֻһҵ֣תˡ
ɽ紵ɽ纣Ҷɳɳ졣
ҿıӰȻס
ǣʹסҪ˵ʲôأ
ôһ£ӰѾڵûһƬ̵ɫ

31

ʦңȥˣ
Ҷ񣺡Ŷղšڼʦʲô£
û£ʦܣղ̨㣬ĴҲ
ʦ֣ʲô£Ķ
ʦֻͷһָ̨ˡ
ڶô
ǰ
̨ӱϺܶˣԭ뼷ȥģžͷߣͷ˵еۣʦңʦҸһȻȥˡ
һҲ죬˲ʦܵĶ֣ؾͿˡ֪ʲô£һɡ
תͷǱҲҪʼˣɣܰ
ѵҪ
һͷһۡǱߵ̨ǰΧ˺ܶˣʦķǳɫ
ܻҪ꣬ԵֳƣҶζһ
ǰʮأǿˡ
ղŵ¡ججûͷָڴϣǳǳĽӴоȴ̵ôҲȥ
֪վ˶ãֱʦ߹վǰҲŻع
ôˣʣղҲ㡣
ҵͷղҿպˣǱȥ˵˼仰ûϸˣһ˻Ӯˣ
赭д˵ңҪٴ֡
Ե˵ϲѽʦ֡
еĲɣȻû¶Ǵദܿе˼ƽʱôģƵʡ
Ҿǵһ֣ȻԱȽС
һ򶼱ֵĲںӮ
ʦ֣֣ܽӮʵѾҪˣˣҲٰ
ЦһЦ
վţһʱȻ֪˵ʲô
ܾЩ˵
죬죬һˡ
еʲôһ
˵ô
ҡҡͷһҲۡ
ʲôʱʼ
һԹзٱȡָһָǰ棺Ǳߵĵڶֶûдء
ǣ˶ֺʤܿе˾ʮֵĥ˼ˣûӮһ߿˶ˣǻأԴľʮ㡣
һŲԶ̨ϣǻڱԵˣӰ̡̻
ˡ
˵ǰ
ʦֺȻ˵ϲ֪᲻ῴ
ҿɫܻ꣬絹ǲˡ
ͷɽĵһɣ
ǰôɣն磬ﷴꡣ
ʦָһ˵ߣʮа˾š
仰˵ĺԵᣬ仰һణһ̾Ϣ˾Ĳһ£һȦȦ
ҿʲô⡣
ʲôҲûʡ
˷ģװڴʳʦֵܼ˵ֵֻʦһˣҪʦӣҲֻһˣ˶вˣҸ岻ȥһ߰ǰ׷
Ȼô̤ʵţƲպͣ˵ĻЦӣһһĹ⣬ҹô
ʱֻͻȻûơ
ҿʼãȷû˵ѡ̬Цģ˵Ļȴġ
û˺˵ϲҡ
ܼ𣬾һ޸ݣƯκһطʲôʱʲôطһΪû˻֪Ҳǣҡ
ҿиԵõһˣһ͹ˣ˻Ҫʱңڿҵʱңڷֿ֮ǣңʧȥ֮ҡ
ֻǣԸݳޣûԼԵõ
ңҲ벻ˡ
ԭΪӦǸûᡭ
óúҿ׬ǮһССӣҳԣһΪһƬݶǡ·СܣҲԸһƽº͵ļҡ
պûһ
պ͸һеģңģҲ˵Ĳ
ҲҳԣҪұʶƺھıҡ
Ҵû˵Ļ
Ҳ֪ԭҪҵˣһѾˡȻеģ̫ͬ
Ӧôأ
ֻû㯣ϲѱ档
Сʦܣ
һعҵѾûˣӻڿѽǵġ
ʲôأʦʡ
ҡҡͷûɶͷء
Цң϶ǿű˽ϼĽɣúõѧ˵꣬ʦҲμءҲһЩȽĵӣõͿԲμӽԵġ
ЦЦҾҿ϶һ͵ġպ͸Ǹ׽ˣҲûʲôá
պˣӶ
ҰźʰöӶŽ棬̧ͷɫ˵ģЩȥɡ
ʦ˵ô˵ʲôʱܱ˵׼һʦֵļ򣺡ʦܣǲɵˣɾͿ
תͷʦֵĿҵڿһ
ûʲô飬Ȼתͷ

32

ʵ겻꣬Ӱ첻ŵ״򻬣ֻ˵ҡ㱻˿סߣ˵㻹Ҫٶ
ⲻ˵Ļ·˴Եʱ֪˭ðôһ䡣
ֲ̨ͬʱ򣬴ҿԸȥʦֵܵı֡ѡҲ࣬һһĿ򣬴ǰոߵͷ䣬˵ֵǩʮģͺСǩŶԴ
ʢ£û¶Ī綼ˡһǸСģЦ˺ʧٵˣżɫӣվŵԣ˵˵֪ʲôϵô㣬ſıȴԵôºãǴЦ˿˾;һů
ݣ
ͻȻðôͷܿҾԼĨˡ
ǸʱʱеӣһŴˣôأ
һ
˰̨濴ù֮󣬼̨˿ʼֵͬʱϿʼƮ꣬˿մͷ·ϣʦͷرӲʦֵΨһڵһ϶մ˰ë׵ϸСˮ飬ȥò
ʦܡ
ţ
ǱˣΪʲô㣿
˵ҲоǱߵˡҪŲһС
˺պͣţʲôϵǸպҩǵĹϵʮҪõİɣǣ˻᲻֪պһһҡ
ǸպǼһͲ֪ʵгؿƿƴĻٻ룬˵Цݣ񡭡
ԽԽ֪ġ
պһһǡ
ʦֺܲĿһۣ˵ʦܣ𣿡
ȣҲѽҲĿ
˵ʲô
죿ôأ
ǱʦôһѣվӣҲ̧֤Ҳ֪ҵȵġ϶Ǻˡ
ţȵģȵġҸЦָָ̨ϣ쿴ɣ˵лˡ
ûٱҲûͣһֱôϸϸš굹ҲӰ̨̨µˣ̨ϵȵȻ죬̨Ҳþ۾񡣴ҶͬţǰĽ׶ѧĶҲһȭŽṦûʲôֱֻǵѧʱ򣬾Ϳʼһ㼴ͨ׿ȴƽƽôϣûõʦշãҲӲʮ֮һЧһӣҲֻǸͨͣԶﲻźĪ־硣ҵʦҲʹﵽ˿Ԧк߲ˮƽҪٽһǧѵġЩûϰʵˣĳʦɽӴ˻켣쳾ɵҲûн
źͳϣѾǳ˷׵ģΪʥɵԦУפղϣ
ÿɽˣŶΪˡ
ǣˣϾ̫ˡô䣬ɽҲųһѡ
ǵģû¿ˡʦ˵
ҵͷƫͷʦĬʦǱߣһԲһֱܳĬ
Һ˵ʲôǣǡֻ롣
ûĸж
ܾú󾭹ʦ֣ңǶı䡣
С˰ɣʦһҲˡ᲻ΪСأߣҲǡ
ұܵĸоⲻǳ
Ҳ֢ڡ
ֻ̨ˣҶû֪λʦ岮ĵӣòʶΪʦֵ˵һλǶʦ֣һλʦܡ˶ȥɽȥˣŻģ͵
ͬ⡣
Ѿվ˺һˣĿ⽻
ǲǸöˣ
ѵλʦѾǿΪƴʤ
ҿֿǸ̽ǰ
ȵȡλʦֵĿ⣬ôôԵô᣿
ȻˣͬʦֵܣûûԹͬ꣬Ǳ䰡ôĳŶ֣ô˿ᣬɽ庮̨վ˿һٷ磬һʷ治䣬󡭡Ҳݲ
ȻȻתǷʩһ˵ʦܽƷԶʤңһñԣҸʰ·硣
¶ʱȻ
ǡ
Ȼ֣ܽĽͬҲ֪һģҪ˵սǲܣǱȶȾûʵսδ⡭
λʦ֣ôô
ǶʦֵĻ˵֮ϵɫȴһ㲻⣬ĻǡԵЩջЩŤ
϶ҿˡʦûڣʩʩȻߵǰ֪˵˾ʲôʦֵıӹŹ֣ЩȻʦֱ̨ˡʦһ£Ҳ˵Ӱû˴ԡ
˺ʧ
Ӧñźһ뷨뿴һ͵ĵʾľкȴû뵽ǻϣôƮƮ˵£ʧ˼ֱơ
žʦ̨ˡ
վҲûʲô۵°ڣʦڣʦһʦֵģ˵ʦܣŬǿɶžأ
ʦ΢΢һЦ۹ǼתһȦ
Ҽæ˸ȭľĶ
ЦЦתһݣƮƮһֻɽĳ̨
ѩϸޱߡе㱡
ʦְγʱƽʱºʹݵģˡ
ܾãŽʱ˵ʶԵá
ݲ
ĶֿȥǸĬˣһ棬û˵
ǻһе
ǲǾͽйң
ȻҶЦһƬëɦƤϣ˾ú
Ҳתͷȥ֪˭
һ
תͷЦյĺܽ
ôˣһ㲻ʡ
ҪǲǾ͸λʦּ͹ľˣ
ǵȻˡ
պһЦҾͲ㶢
⻰˵޼ɵˣ£Ҫӣ£һҪأ
˲ٿ̨ʦôҳ˴ԣҼļѹ˵ι˵˵ģҪʦ˿ɾ͡
ȻսС˰
ҼֱǷ紵ġ
ܶüʹ棺ǣͦġˣһɣ
еɵĿҪһ
Ц˵ҸԤ˺ЩóԵأԲԲģ⻹ʶĵһأѵ㲻һ𣿡

˵
Ҳǲ룬һ֪ģǿ϶˵һʵͷܳ
ҵӣòãʦ˵һ˵ͬһʦܺ˵ģһͬ⡣
룬Ϊѵĵ˵ͷСҸʦ˵˵ɵøóֶˣܷ£
ǡЦüۣҷ˭Ҳܷ㰡
ֺǺǵȥˣеơ
ôô׾ʹӦˣ
ãôһʦֵı䣬ûܿɣ

33

ȵ֮ȥʦֵǸе飬Ӯûʡ
ʦҲûֵĺܽ⣬ֻЦЦ
ȥʦ٣Ȼʦ׼ĺʹ˳
˳е顣
ܾã鲻Ӧ
ҲӦΪպǼһĴŶʦֱ䣬ҲӦǼһһС˶ʦʦһڡ
ǣȻе㸺УеǸΣе㲻
ؿǸĵطȴţţųһɱȥ
Ƿվһ̽ͷ̽ԵļһǸеЦ̬ǿϧһò
Խ߽Խɿ졣
Ųɿ죬Ҳɿ졣
Щ˼ɣЩ飬ЩǸΡͳͳһ㱻ҹ紵ɢˡ
ιҺȻĻͶˡ
ǽ߻վһˣһֽɡվϸ˵οžô翲ʵһŻֻһĵӰ
պͲ˼ӣǸҲġ
Ǹ˳˾ôݣպǲòİɡ
˵ҪԲڣ˶໹ء
պϱЦţҾ֪ͨˡ
΢΢һЦ˵ͷ֪ΪʲôվǰȴԶߵľС˿ܵģ۾ǸһʲôȴҲˡ
Ҳҵͷ֪ôƺպһֲҽܡ
Ҿߣ˳ֽɡǰͷƮݣˮ
պʶ˶򵥰һһˡ
ûպҪȥԷ·ԽԽϤ
ӣιȥĶ
ЦЦȥԷǲǶˣļͿгԵˡ
ǣȥǸ嶥ķ·
춼ҪˣȥԷƬܶҲѵǾҰΪĻΪϯϹڵ
ҺɵĿպֳͣǰ˵ıӰ
պһӦŵùòҪƭȥιİɣ
Ҳɽ·ȻߣԶԶһƬĺڰԽԽԼ˴¡ʦʦһ±ڶãҷܳպһһڣͼʲô˵ǰֲʶŤ
ǸϾ͵ˡպƺоãҵֽһ£ģԤ˺öóԵĸ㡭

嶥ķ滹ҹɫпԵ䡣ҿܣ纮ڵϹģԵģԲݻǳʯͷ
պսҵ֣˵ιҪǽţͱ۾
úõҽʲô
ȻһЦʹΧô谵ǿԼЦĴֱ󡭡ֻҵСĪĵΪԼռıƵġ
ǰĺڰȻǱһ̲ˮȦԼȻԨĸоͣ䣬ǿյģûء۾ɵϴſûеóȻţŵеۣѾȵʵء
պ͵Цÿɶ񣺡ף㵨һҲСʲô
Χôˣںݺݵȥ
ѩѩʹֹ˵۵ġԼգ鷳
˲ٽѵҴĪֵӡ˵ӦĪӡ
ǼʯݣûţҲû̧ͷϿҲʯ
ǴĶģ춼ûƼ
ȻҾŵʳŨŨģһͦľƵζ
պգգۣôûƭɣ
˰ɡ˵̫ƤЩƢǺѸģҲҪ
ҺҵͷǡŴˣҲüҲۣɫͿͦºͣ㿴ǾеĻš
Ĺʾӣͷһͣ벻ҪǰߣǸںͷ
ת䣬ǰһЩʯңϾƲС٣ųҿֻûϹպһЦĶұģǺġǽúùڡ
ϰЩеʶеĲʶǼеļû֪ʲô϶ǺóԵġ
ǣңպͣǸҲ֪֣֮ǰҲֻһˣһˡǾϵ걭ȴһ帱ȥ
Ǹ˿ҵĿתתȥ΢΢һЦֻ²Ҳȳԣõǡ
ǣ
˭
Ҳ£һ˳ɾǸЦƵģ׽ˡ
ǻһ˭أ
ôʱ򣬲ȻȻһ뷨ð
ܲŴ˻Īϰɡ
ô£ɽ˵ʲôĪϲ֪Ҳ϶֪ڷ嶥Ȼ˶ԼҺɽ˽飬Ӧɣ
˵ɡ
պҲңԣ
һǸʯ£һߺڡ
һӦúʦʦһڵѽȴôĵطߵˣһϤһϤȴڽ췢ʵϤ
ΣֻܽΪϡ
պ˵ϾƣŸϣԼȴ˲衣
е֣˽˵ûأȻƣӵġ
ҶôҲú˼ҿһɡȻպҳԷǿطȴ˵ģ˼Լ˵Ĺʾӡ
ǣ˽ɶҶ֪ء
ҳպͣˣͷһ¶еãȻ޴ı顣
ܲҲ֪˭ɣ
˵ݣýܣ
ҿպͣǸҲպͣı飬ƺҲպͻ˵ʲôǳȤ
ǸպһŤ״û˵Ⱥˡ
˵˵ʲôģ
֪ġȶ˽ңȻתͷҽܣҵ
ԭʲôѽܵģ
ԣ

۾һӵɵùԲ˶΢΢һЦ˵ͷĽܱʾ϶

34

ȻȻ𾪣к
̫ʧˣԭԭղ
ܹҵİպһûûСͷβҲûһһô֪ף
ϵЦÿҿɲհ

ЦİɣպգǣΪʲôأ
ЦЦս
еͣк
Ϊʲôսգѵ׸ģպ͸
պ͵һţӵ³ι˵ô¶
һŤ˵˵
Ȼ˵˾䣺˵ʲôأҲ˵
Ѿʮֶ죬ûͷҲ֪˭
ףǻûģЦеӣһֻ
պ͵ĵֻһģ
˵ĳܷŵÿмʱǽһƣҲԵǱ
Ǹ˭
ĸԷ˭ҲˣʸԼĿɿڴĴ𰸡ƹѲԼܣ˵Īͱתÿ죬ѿǲĪϵݡЦ˵㲻ݣȷĪϸȡġ
ҺǺЦϵʲôϵݸĪϸȡ
ѵĪϵͽܣ
ˣҲˣٴľĽ

ƿǺþƣ֪ɣگƬ£ϵĺɾƣҿǳģƾҲ˺üҲûúȵһ̳ģպСӸ͵óùڣҲ̣
ƣҹȣǲ֪áǰû˸Һȹƣ֪ǺƻƵģζ治һŨŨĹ㣬ˬһ㲻ÿȥﻹƲȥζ
֪Щǲ˶ˮһ껹ģǲסҲûа׵ǵľƣϺСˣҿɶûԹۣ١
˿Ȼе㣬˵ȴ̹ԣһҲ˾ᣬ׽
ţֲó˵˲òࡣ
պͲܺȾƣ׿۲һͰ͵ӣá
٣ֲ˶ֻ⿴ű˵ùԼôôˬ
˻棬Ҳ̫࣬Ҫɽȥġ
ţĪл棿
Ʋ˵ġЦЦ˵Сȥˣʲôϵ
ŵĵӣ˿ȵѬѬܲá
Ҳǡ
ĪҲͷ˵ãƲˣ۳Բˡ֥鼦á治
˵ĿӦҲպ͵ĳ϶ƽԸ˵ֹûһ緶Ҫ˵պ͵ֵܻ࡭
ͦģպ͡ȷʵطͦ۾°󡭡պ͵Ӻͱʲôģ
ΪʲôĪҲôأ˵ֵʮ˼ʮ˶š
ĺȶ˺ȶˣָӵĹϵһǱ˱ˣͽڷϹҵ龰ⲻպǽϹôҲ֪ǰ˵Ǹɶϵҡ
˵ȷĺˮ׼֥鼦⣬ݡҿֻûԹýеһҸвĶէһеĳֻɵӲǳ棬ϸȴ󣬶ⶫò⿣ֻǴʿմŵõĽϣһˣʵԼͷȥ
ʲô
һֺʲôţĪͷʡ
ԭ˽н
ЦҡͷҿɲС͡
ˮӡպ˵ʵ׽ʲôҲ֪˶ôСⶫɲץҷ˺ôôһӣγԹ֪û´ˡ
˽һȥһСˮӺܿԸ̵׳졣
ⶫǺãǳԹٳԱģ;ûζ˰Ī汧žƱ̾ǡв㰡
ȴͦģҸղҲ˲ٶѾǺܱˡպ˿±С˵±ûϵԲģϳһ
ҲΪȻһأҸǺųԡ
һȤ㶮죺㿴ˡ
ĪҲ﷭Цеһ飺ţػڶһԡ
˵ʱ۲ˮķֳˣеҪ˯˯ɬĿ̲סҪ
Ǹϼҵķװ˺ϳһ±϶һպС˵
иұһȦȦ첻
ǡҪ롣
Ц˵šȻ±һһСݸҡ
ɳڡһҧһ𣬺㣡
Ⱥĥ֥ڶҪóԵöˡ
ҵĶӳŵԲģ㷹±Ҳ˸㹻ĪԼ˴̳ĺƣüɫ裬۾ˮһֱպģٵҲóһԡԣǸûʲô⡭
պ;Ͳܹ㣿˵湴
Ȼ󽪲ڷ˻պ˵첻ˣɽɣڣ·ϵġֶЦЦԺû¶ĻҲҪ⡣
ҸЦ⣬⡭
ʲô¶
պ;ȻҲûѪƢǴǳȻǸĪˣª˸ɲһպ;ȻЦеĴӦôҾͳˡ
٣ˡ
죺С˵
أպҪ֪첲գһ޵ġик꾫Ƶﹴ㾹ȻͷάͥгԲ
ã
Ҵ˸á
ңǲҲܡȶˣ

35

ιûȶɣպһŵһַҡ겻֪ʲôͣˣϵѿ˿ӣ¶ǹ⡣
Ȼ
ҳãࣿ
һְҼܵȵү֪ûȶ࣬Ǿ߰ɡ
ƺСӷȥǵģ𲻶
ǸΪʲôסֵطأ˵ǰǣã
˵˵ˣģҵֲǱ֣㲻ú¡
ҺٺЦǿ˵׼û׼ˣʲôˣΪʲôڣһǸãĪ桭Ǹһ
֧Ĳ֪˵Щʲô
ðɣҼҶбľ
Ҳȥɰʵס
һĸѾˡǣˡ
ԻһȽϰȫɡ
е㷢̣Ұֱϣϣ԰ȶȽһ㡣
Ȼеϡ
ͷ΢ƴͷϸţë˿ɴ˶
΢Ʈ֮Բ½¶
ţ֪ǲΪɽȽϸߣԿҲԵñƽʱҪĶ࡭վסţ̧첲ָ˸Ȧ㿴ǸղųԵ±󡭡
պ˵ΪһͷԲľǽˡ
ﰡתͷ֪ûվȣҡΣܿͷƺ
ιΡҾӡ
ҲΡպͺ˵
֪ɣڣֽУãԲڡ
ţ֪ʵʵĻش
ǣҴСһֱǣãһ˹ҲãҲá
ţ̧ҵָ˿˿ģմȵƤϣо˿ĸָϴˬ⡣
⣬ͷһΣһء
΢ЦܺҲͷһһءǰû˵֪˵ǰǺͼһɣ
мһڡá
ûС
һֱֻԼһˡ
ֻһΣһ
֮ͣɽһһ㵭ıɴһ¹ϣͷӶһӨƵġܺÿ
ι㳤ĲСӡ
ͷлл佱ඡϲϲ
룬±ͺƣûҪҵĴ𰸡
ҡûϲ
ʣΪʲô
ҾӰøΪǡ
ʲôţ
ţ˵˵
תͷָǰ棺ߣɽҪأãȥˣ
ЦŰҵֱת˸򣺡Ǳ߲ɽ·߾ܵӹȥˡ
𣿡еʣҾǱǻȥ·
תҵָľסϵϣһҡǰߡ
·ôߵͲƽһǳһţ̲סԹ
ǣ·ʵ̫ˡϣȻ˳˵㵱ĵ㣬·СĲȵˣôȥʦʦǻ᲻ᵣģ
գգۣʦӦòɡʦֻᵣҡ
ʦֶܺ𣿡
ãܣѽ
һ𣿡
⡭û
պͺãʦֺأ
վȣһЩʪ

꣬𳳣Ҫúһ롣
պͶҺܺãʦֶҲܺá
պ˵ϲңʦû˵Ļ
Ȼ̧ͷպøҵͷײ°ͣ۵Ľл
𣿡Ұȥսǿʲô
ۣеԲԡأҵͷҲеۣһ°ҲùӲġ
ôһײҲҪʵˡ
ιл㣡
ʰɡ
˵ϲңǰɣ
ǰĻԲǺ㿪Цġ
ǣҪû취ҲϲƵϲ㣬ǲǾͲڶˣ·óԵģҺһԲڡ
ûϾͻش𡣳Ĭζεʱ䣬ȴĶͣ²ˡ
ġ˵˵ǾǾҪһȫûвĵ·һϣܿ㣬Ҫй¼źźǣĻ㸶Ҳɡ
˵ģҲԡ
һ㶼ϲų
ҽͲһˡ
Ҳ⣬ЩڵľٴҲһܾġ
Ҳһ˵šҲϲ㡱ĻһĹػϣҲˡ
ʦأ
һ˶һ˺ãܵеɣеԭɡ
պ͵ԭϲҡ
Ѿ˽ˡ
ʦأȻһ˶ͣҲɵӻǱҺͶԱ˵ĲͬһǿԸоġ
죬óθѹҪšһҽǱݺһȭƵмƴ
ιιպֹңû°ɣ
˵һḯ֭ҺֱӿǺԼһŻһ߿ԡ
ǵģܳȥʱʳжôζ³Ķֳеζ
֪ôˣǵġҰϰ뱧ϺҲһЩԼǰҲ˲٣ǱҪ¹֮󵹾ö࣬Ҳƺ֮Ѳ١
šüͷ
պվֱһ߿ǱߺɽϪˡȥϴһϴɡ
ģϴϴҶûȥˣ̫Ҳѿˡ
¹֮ȽźˣҸһŵһţȫպͷŲûһŲȿյ·ȥ
Ȼ߼Ҳȵˮˡ
ƹǰһïܳݣˮһӳ۾

36

ûȳȥԼϴɾԱ߶һֻǷҵġ
㲻ùҡ
һͷȥϪϺʳˡǺЦϴϴϴҲͿϴˡ
ϪˮɽȪҴ˸£µëƺżһӡ
ˮڣϪˮָ΢ɽе峺ζְŪĵطˮϴ
Ҳſ֣ŪĵطˮϴϴҲûϸϴ֡
¹ӳϪϣĵ⣬۵ζЩĹҲӳպ͵ϣƯĹŶƯı
̧ͷңõûУ
еĵͷ
ȻֹҵüëĨһ£Ȼᵯȥˮ飺
ţ
ɰ

ҵһӦһȭ
ɰͷΪСûǲСŮ
ȴûжͶû˵ĻֻԼǱһոճϪˮûˮ֮ǰԵȣԵñȸղŻҪȣҪһĸо
Ȼ˵ĺÿɰţܺ죬ǲ𣿡
㲻Ҫ˵Ҿͻõģ
촽һ£û
һòǸ꾫Ƶˣʱľú֡
վһ۵ĻƯ۵Ķ˵Ǹһһͨ˳΢Ե˳һ㣬˵еӢǾûôעĿ
һΪʲôϲأ
¹£žɽֺϪˮӰĹвݴԼȥĲө
Լʣϲ𣿡
ϲʲôطأ֡ϲҶã
κһ˺ܾõˣͻȻõµµڱ϶ͬʱоϲָо
Ҳ֪Լľϲм֣ǻռ˴롣
ͷ˵ţ˵һЩϣ֪ܲܵΡ̧ͷɫ۾˸ɫ¹⣺ϣ飬ʱﶼţиڹ㣬㣬㲻һϣ㻹ҡ
ͣÿֶĺ
ĪģͻȻᡣ
Ǻȶ˾ƵĹϵϲŭֶƽʱоҪǿҵĶࡣ
ƽָ´ҵƤϲȥ֣ôھͬʱ־أ
ι
ţ
еԺĿһҲûΪýԵеӰӰ´µģ·ɴĸо
Ȼ;ǰһŨİӰʲôҲ
ϸоģǡ
ûԶٶ赹Ǻ˲١촽϶һ㲻֪ǻ㻹ǲζ
֪ΪʲôҾȻһҲ죬Ҳûʲôڡֻǣûк׽
ֻһǸоȴǡܳõƵġ

ţ
ȻЦˣۣ
ʣҪ𣿡
ͷҪİɣҿǡ
¹ҿԿúӺҵһҲǵĺġ
һ˵ĺʵһɬɣ
ͷ࣬¹¡ѧŲӼƵ̸˵
ιЦʲô
˵ûʲôղҲûġ
£±ۣᣬ״ط
ɤӣǸҪҪһΣ
⻰һڣҾͿȷԼȷǺȶˡ
ҲҹµϪˮ⣬һħƵĸо
۾ģæͷӦļʽҺһúúãҪҪҪһϽ۾ˣ촽ֱ뷢Ц
ðɣڲЦʱ
ұۣȻġǰչȥ
ǿ׺
̫ˡ
УҪס
ĺֻڱǹһԽԽ̲ס
磡
촽ûմһҺɱ羰ģһ磡
Ҹɱ羰ǣպʹſۿңôĭӿ϶һ㲻©ȫ絽ˡ
߽Ƶĳ
Ĳ̫ҿתʲô
Ǻгɣ
ɶҲ⣬ţûסҲ֪
״εĺûǣͲܲȥ𣿡̧ĨһȻһֱߵģߵĿңǺгɣҪǲϲңֱӺ˵ж
ƺҲҲϴˣҼץȴ֪ôǸ͡
ǸĲǡ
ȻݺݵľҵӣȻݺݵģĿҵĵ촽

37

оһͷܣǿ۷̹ʱһ⡣
촽˰
ͷεģȵģﳢ̻ӵζ
ȻĶˣȻ촽ͷһϣ벢Ĵҧ˳ȥ
ˣˡ
У촽ûƣҲ϶ˣҪô˵أţ˵ԼԶҧƣ˵ϣֻж˵Ӷģ
ˣӸˣؿƵģܡ
ιҡңѽ
㣬㡭أôò͵õɣҺĴ
ι㳤Ǹõİ
ţҲŶ
Ҹﲻñ
һɣֱ׳ĺȥֲ֪ʱ򻹿Դ
û˸߹ңҲûͱˡǸɶɶ
ͨͨ˼ϲʱҵĵԼҲòĶȥ촽оǺġ
촽һè͵ȵĻζ״ǸҪҪһԣ
ҡͷҪˣ
Ц졪Ҫôͣ
Ǹȥɡ˵ˣٲȥʦǻż
ǵͷȻʲôƵģҡͷ˵ޣʦŲأᵣĿλʦְɣ
Ҳ֪Լôôʹôôſðһ䣺Դ𣿡
۳ңǳݡ
Ҫ˵أֲסҪ˵ǾأòҪ˵ءôֱ˿
һ䣺ǰҾǳԴס㲻ҪǼһ̫ӽ֪û
٣ƤǡǽʵͰ
̾Ϊֹ
ι˵ʲôûУ
룬Լ̫ԿˣʦʦְҺʲôϵ˵㲻Һӽ˭̵书˭ָķ˭ҳʦ˵ûѵ
һʲôģ˵ЩʲôѵģңҶ㰡ھѧѧҲûϵ
ҳ᣿
һȻǵȻҪǣɽѧʲôûϵ
ϴ֣ƻɽ·ϼɽߡ
ˣĪ˵㱻˿һʱ䶼ûС˭㰡
̾˭ҲǰͷˣͦʵģЩҲûʲôѧԺҾʱˣǸʲôһҪҰʲô¶Ҷܽûģ㲻ҪǸһǣǣģߣȻܵȥ˯
Ƶͷһķϻĳӻ࡭һ䣬ͻȻ̧ͷץص㡣
ô֪
ɶҡ
ô֪ʦҹ
˵ߣ㻹˼һûأӦǩɸƽԼͲΪūˣŪűҩֹŻ᲻ʲôصȥ㣬һȻܵǸ
顣
ҹģԼ˵Ե𣿡
Ҳͷһ£˵ص㣬ȥˣ
˵ǡǰϻ˸飬һׯ˵ûȥҹҵȻҪ˯ˡ
йĿڶĵô
֣Ҫȥ˸ﲻϳأֲҪ̬͵ʲôġֻǲǿСˡΪµǸʪʪĽӡһ۾ܿµģҵĵǣʦֻ᲻һʱ嶯ֻ꾫֮ĶС֣˷Ĳѽһ￴ˣһʱΰ
ﲻϣ
һй
Ҷ޹״
ι
š
˵㡭
ҵָҪļȻǱЫƵһԶǸҸûȥ˯ˡҲȥ˯ɶ˯ãúѧϰϡ

طȥɣҲ
һŵĨƵģһʹܽ˺ڰ档
һͷһȻѾ˺ԺĲˡ
һʲô鰡Ҿһ䣬ܵôô
ɵһ·ֹȥԺѾϨ˵ƻ𣬴ҶѾһ죬ֹ˸ڣض˯ˡ
ûãһǹءϣҵ;Ͳˣʡ鷳
Ҷˮϴ˽ţֲպһ«ʲôҩϴˣҲ²ͷ
֮һɣĴ̴̴̵ȵۡ
⻵ǳôСҪңеôʹߺߣ´ҲҪл
һҲ̫࣬䣬˱ףȻһ֪ǿĻǻҵڣ̫ƣ˿͡ǳʵһ찡

38

ڶſ϶ҪʦֵѵȥϴʱʦҲոӣųڡ
ʦ硣
ҿһˣʦִˡ
緹ʱʦ˵ʦѾССѧɣɽȥţ˳㻹еϣʦһ˳ȥˡ
ҳһôͻȻˣ
û˵һһӾͲˡ
¶ͶˣڣҲ˵ƣǸʦˡʦ˵㲻ڣԲ֪
Ŷ
ôɰΪȥպһڣûϺʦС
֪ģҲһزеʱҲƽ¡
еʦ֡ӴҲûл
ҵʲô뷨ǡЩꡣ
Ҳû
Ȼзʱһʻ𱬴̼ϢҵһӾͱӰûˡ
һô᣿
ʦţиվԱߣһɫӣƯһЦ΢΢ģһ̹ģ˸벻һǸƤţƤǣ
ʦЦе˵λʦܣʦɽʱϹܽһԴӽʦܾסԺˣҲոһ˳ȥˣʲôֳɵġ
պЦ޺õģһһʦʺã̬ǫ޿ޡ˳λʦ֣Ȼֵҡ
һ΢΢Цƺңʦ֣Ժա
λʦ˵Ҳ仰ôҸǰ⻰һ˼ͷأ
ҾҲ˵ȥͷյúܽȻ΢΢ûעʱ˸ǳɧ۶һµĺëվʺãһ׻˵ĿĿİͰͣʦʦܲÿԺһգѧ೤
һôյʦģҿʦǳ
ʦҲ֪һʲôͷܿĸͻȻðʦܴкȻҵλһԭʦֵλӣպһԭİʣһ˶緹
һߣǺǰһǰҺʦֵĵмһߡںһôоôأû磿һƺ벻źۼĻƨɣƨİҲŻţƺԽԽ
һﵽ׶ִôдѵ˶ҺҺǸɶϵͬһ
ĽȿºҵĽŰһȻҲ뿿һͬʱһۣôߡһ۾ȫЦ⣬ҲʶȤİջȥ
ҵͷǷںͷǸϽΪٳһ˭֪Ҫʲô»
ֻǡ
ǿԸо潯ʦֵĿⲻϵͶպɨɨȥġ
Ǽʦֵ棬ʦֲƵԸľԱʦʦֶ࣬¶
ôˣ
ȻպһǱȽۡӵСˣ
ôһҶʱձĶʳ֪ζ֪Լڽʲôˡò׵ʦȷ¿ӣ豭ҲæǸһﲻҴߣԼҲ֪Ȥϯ
ʦ֣Ӧú㰤ڰɣӱЦúò⣺ʦִȥһӰɡ
Ҵǰں
һҵķţҶ˵ͰӾѹʣʲôôͻȻҵʦܣ
һίЩҲôװɣ
е̫
촽۵Ĵ͵Ĺ⣬˺롭ҧһڡ
ҿɸճԱ⡣
ôһŤ־ȻɿˡɿһӣС˵ҷѧ֮ԽԽбˡ
ҿһۣҵҲضѡŻᱻġ
һ㲻Ц˵ٺ٣ǲ˵ҺĿеĵλĲͬ
˱˵Щôʦͽ
ҵ˱ˮԼҲһҲ˵ʦղŲҲ˵ˣʦҲʱסֽ̹ġ
ô򵥣
ͷô򵥰
Źء
ǲ֪ʦɽܹģ
գգۣɽֲֹһ˵ﶼһĵɽȥģһߵģһء
ŶҵһﵹǺ˽Ⱑ
Ȼأʦ˭ôܵģ
Цͽг˺ðĪϸص˵ģʹʹӦˣȻҾ͹ô㿴Ҳˣ
ҳ˵ĺܡ
Ȼǡ
ͦĵġ
ִ˹ٺ٣ʦˣʦ֣öĹҰ
ŶϺݺȥģһģ㣡
ŶҲôɡ
ûйأķ紵ͷһɢԱ߲䰡ġҺ˳һ£ͷҴȥ
ĿңǴһĨǳǳģ˾аƽ͵Ц⡣
ҷҲеԼȻô˳Ȼ۾գգһֱҿҿһȥסӰɡ
ﻹӣʦߵʱһЩѺĽʦߵСʰɨʵﱾҲ򵥸ɾûʲôʰġ
Һպ͵ͷ˵λʦֺá
˵Ȼȥɣʰ
ӦһʣʦֵЩҪô
ҿպͣЦЦģ˵˾䣺ţŵʦȥɣһϸĿ
һڳԴף˵ãͻɣҲ顣
Сװѻıʲôıˣպصһйɹζ
ҳһۣʲôζԼйζɡ
Ȼ˵ˣܰҿ۾գգתͷ⡣
ιýżСȣʲôأ
ûҾǡͦ˵ġ
ֱ飿
һ£ûͷûβһ䣺Ų
룺⻰˵̫˰ɣҲûҪ˵һҿ϶ĲšҪ˵ҽһɻڴҲ϶š鱾͡˵ʲô
˵Ҳ˸Ҳ֪ӦòӦȥš
Ȥô˵ģ㽫᲻ΪһɶɶģǻжǮưҲ
ҡҡͷûôǵù¶Ҳš
ı顭
û̬
һ˵˾ʮ˥ĵùĲٵù˰ɣ
ţȻҵ֣һ״˵СأֻҪҺãҾʲôҲˡ
ҸϽ˦֣˳һ㼦ƤֱۣĶɣҪҪҰ̴
˸ףЦ˵Ҫ


39

ɽ紵Ũһ󣬵һʼվ۶ɢ
ǲ·ֳһ
ʱ죬һתۣպͱҵġʦܡѾдꡣ˵ʱܲ˵Űô
Ϊã
ΪҲˡ
ɽһҲˣһڵ£ֻųżȥǱպһڵ£Ȼֻһʳ
ҳһڣƣĽγ
⽣ɽ֮ǰպҵġʱǼ˽ʣһңŽʴϡһۣǺ͵ʱһˡ
ҲĸоԼǰһǸʮ֮󣬻˵Ǵҷպ͸׽֮󣬲ֹԼоԼˣʦʦǶ˵Һһҹ֮俪ˣԺͽǶǻ˸ƵġǰҪѧüŻȭڿһͻᣬķھˣӽĿĵزˡ
˵Ȼûл仯ȷˡպͶ죬˵ֻ֪ҩЧû뵽ôЧ
е˵٣ǣ˵Ǳ޴󣬱ͺ㡣ȻץֻɽɽιιҩԣʲôЧ
պͷ˵٣˵û׼ǼĳҲ͡
һɣϸĿڣҩҪַֻҲҲˣֺáϲ˺һƨ˵Ų嶼˴ߡ
Ҳˣ˿СרŽϰպ͵ĵԽԽǳλ˼ֱϵģֻҪ֪ѧģû᲻ġΨһ˳ľһʼǸĪĹϵպͺתĺҽһʲô˫ޣһıʾҲһѧϰеĺ÷һ߷ȻϺݺݲȹȥ
ðɣʹԽʱʱһΪܻǿĪ治˳ۣĲ֪ԭ
ҵܲˡպվ˳ʲô°סˣ۲˰ɡ
е㲻ģ˵˽Ҫŵġ
Ц٣ˣֲǹûꡣ
Ҿһѧᡭ
ЦӷǳǷ򣺡ԼûǸѧɣ
ҲûͷûԾͳ飬һҪҶ㣬ʵһҲ鲻ϣȴСкʹһ
˵û
Ҿе㵣
ɽڶ࣬ÿ˶ܹѧϳеľֻѧѧȭһĽһָ֣ͨͨѾ
ѧԦʹɽ
˵Īһӵʱ򣬾ʲôû˵ʲôûʣʹһǸǰûôѧ꾹Ȼֻһѧģһܿɹ۵Ϊеɽɽһʮʮֻ꣬һͨͨݣҪôʦɽɽҲǸˣûʲôΪҲͽա
ôܲţǷϾ컯ɻڵ棬һء˾Ǻգ͸Ͻʰһɽȥı·ʡﵢԼǰҲ˵ʱ䡣
պһҲţ׷ܳһ·Ȼ¶ͣιιվס
ԶԶ˵ҲŲϵأһվס϶϶˼ҡ
һߴһߺǣ㣬һ
ͣ½Ųң߻
ʲô
һ̧ͷʱҪʵĻˡ
ܵе΢΢죬շڵıȲϺ֬ˮ۵Ĺﻹϸ۶ˣ۾Ҳˮˮģ촽ҲԵˮˮġ
һǻô˵ţԣɫɲͣ
ιҪʲôѽ
ҸϽǲѧˣ
ûа˵
ǡôһҲţʵ֪ԼԲŲŵİɣ
죺ûѽҲѧǸѧǷΪҵ˵һҪҪҲѧһѧģҪԼӣǷȽϺθڡ

еȻʧҲǸ˪Ҳ˵ѧġ
Ц㲻ýšڵݣѧǻСһô
ҵͷ
˳ƴչһ£㽣ѧɣǻһѧҼмҴһҲҲǺ绽ɳʯ
ۼ˵˵ҪʼţƤϽŲţûսǡʵʦҲ˵ǵĽҲԿʼѧˡ
ʦҲ͸ѧţ֪ɽľҪأźʦ̣ǵõȵȥ
ҵ˶ʦôô
ӡ
ðɣһʵû˵ʦˡԽͽǲ̫ġ²ĳɫζ᲻ӰֽϣǰŴһ塭
ͽܣ̬ȶݵĮӵĵزˡǰʦڵʱرõʦϲʹ࣬ҲΪĽ书ͣЩҵҲУʦйͬԵԵʡ
պ͡
Ҳɫĵ֪ʱ쵽ֻ֣һۡ
ܴ̹ȻӣҲżһߡ
һ
ģ󻨻ƵƢҲǸĪһ˵֮ԶĪӡôãҲⷽԭ
ǣ˵պͺĪǻӣƺҲǡ
Īʱе㣬ǸġĶֻнһˣˣңĪϣǺġ
պһҲһʦʦֵܣԳ֮κˣһףŪʦʦǣʦ岮Լǵµӣһӡ޲ڣ˵Ʒòָֺߣһеٮٮߡ
ǣһֻҪһң˶Ĺڳϣ۰СǲϡֻҺһʱ򣬸Ǻ޲ñţƤճŲʱ̲ɡ
հԺӣסʦֵķ䣬ҹܵôһҹꡣͷһλӦϣм˲׷ôһ¶ҧߴߵİߡŪҲѵˣһŷǱ߾Ѿ񽣲ӭͷȥССĶ׷ӣҰӵա
ʹıͣԵĶ
Ҳˡ
ƽҶѾϰˣҲú̹Ȼôչȥ᲻һ죬ҴҲúȻ̹ȻȻͺǸɶɶɶˡ
ޣ
ʲôأ
ҺһԲһҲϲҾԲôһˣ
ιʲôأ
˵ûɶ
죺Ҳţ㿴Ǹ飬Ǹ񡭡Ȼƽеյ˵㲻λʦְɣ
У
֮Աǡ
˵һС۶Դ׵ı£ҲĲ˹
ʦֺұûʲôѾôãƫƫʱ̲еվҪ߶顣
治֪Һ˭Ǻʦֹϵһ

40

ǻԺӵʱ򣬲֪ΪʲôӭʦֺȻһЦʲôܺЦһ˵Ӵ
һͷʦ֡
ӻ־Ϳ첽ˡ
һׯأ֪ô¶Ц⡣֮ʦԺżʽתֱĥʲôʽǽȥȻҲ¶һЦ˵ʦܣǽĵ簡
ʦִкվסţϸĶպ͵
㿴ʲôأеƵͷʲôô
ûƳʲô԰ǡʦΪʲô¶ͷıأѵǡղҲûʲô§§û֡
ʦʲô顣
ķ仹ʮԶͻȻͣ
ôˣ
ɫһ䣬ûгȻصһӰʲôҲû壬һѾ˵պϡ
ո硪
ĿɿڴĿպͣպ͵һҲңֽŲţȻĿֿǸϵˡ
ҵ죬һûôӣôŨ޵ɫһϣҵĺҪ쵣Ǽһֱֻαպ͵ĲӣֻŴѥӵСѾҲϣһֻɴεСӡֻǺôôޣ
ո硫˴µֺҺŶ˵㻰˵ǺܿͻȥҵȰȣô㶼ȥء
պ¶һȿ޻ѿЦݣ֮˵С㣬ⲻɽѧôôؼȥ
ѧգС̧ͷ߰ˣͷ͵˺üСӣϻɫĲɫӣɺʲô߰ϵһͷֺÿСԲˡ۾ͦͺģҲѩ׷ۡһȽĲôͻĿˡ
˭
һûʳСѾͷһۣȿڣ˭϶ҿ
ã㻹
պͿЦʦְ
һ㵱Ҳ֪ʹˣ˵㱻˹ˡԲԣ

գգۣеģǣҹұŶ԰ɣ˭ڵߵڰװ
СѾͷŶ󰡣ִʶҲ͸˵Ļ
ѵܽ
ιСӱ˵˵
һ˫ۣߣҾ㣬ո⣡ȻҺû꣡
⣬ʲô
պֻٳҿЦǸ֡
ҵһۣ һ˺ûһġ
٣ǺôŸСѾͷ֪ôˣ
պûϾ仰Լô
ǰ˵ҵүүҸһġ
պ͵ͷ˵ȻݰɣҴȥ
СѾͷԴҡ˹ģֱ˵ȥȥպߴߴģ󲽾ߡ
վһŽݣǰһһڻΡ
ҵ죬治֪˭ҵС˵ô壬ִô
һպͻˣǺһƬټ֬ӡͻȻҵһμʱϾкͻأһŮӵ֬ӡ
ܶϽˮգӲ˵һ·ô˿ЦأĨˡ֬ɫΣ˰컹Ǻģˮϴ
ҳһЦһҼʱҲôһӡӣҲӡ𣿡
պЦ̧ͷЦ˵ǵǣ̸Ӳȥģ˵Ҫһ첻Ҳ˵ĻҸҲĻȴĲҲġСѾͷС߶ģûûСҲ˵һʶ
˳ʣҵסʲôطסں嶥Ƿɣﶼʲô˰
ЦĴչϵˮӶҲһ䵽ҵϣôСͨˣҪиǲǣ
ҰƵһߣ˵ɡ
ԶָʵҼˣ̣㶼ˡҼҲûʲôһĵطҵǳĴ˵˼ˡʱگͣʱҲĴܡҪ˵סǿסگɽɡ
֣ԭگˣ
ǣǺˣگˡЦղСѾͷǵصگѾͷ˵֪ˣһ㺺ҹĺĶûУֱ޷죬շߵߵġ
˵ҲǣӴͿѾͷԭһµɫǡ
⵹ͦǰεĽҫһ𣬿˼ŹʱƲǸ֦Ƶġ
Ц˵С￴ϲء
ؿڣһίأ˼ֻһҪҡɶ˼ҽͰʲôòãһҪ˼
ұ鶼ûоˣһֽŶ죬һת۶Ͱ⿪˹ӣȥŵһ󲽣ҡ֣ιιˣå
ͣ¶¶ࣺҲˣˣ
ͷ۵Ҫˣ㴩ϰɡ
һӺ¶ƤȥƵôϸԲƺᷢһ֪ȥĸо
ססɶأ
ѵΪ¶һƤҾͱɫˣܣ

41

ǣദԽãԽһɰãϲ޴мֵܵңȻڿô˵ֳ֣ȴҲûô
ȻǰûܻϲһͬԱˡ
תֿСѾͷ˪ȥˣſڹλɫ
ް쵵СеƣպС˵ãֲ徲ˡ
ʲô
ֲˣȻ˲ҡ
գգۣ˪ġã
գգۣԶ˲Ŵպգûҵ¶ˡȻЦЦȥѧɣ㲻𣿡
ǣͷȴ¡
ллأĵһ¾ǿѧ֤ҵȷǱʣӹһպͱֵñһģ˽֮ʲôӦû׽˵־йڴܶоЦŵͷ˵Уֵüһɸߣ˹Ҫңδһ߿ȻЦ˷ɣϾͶ˺壬³ŪһӵĺòˣҵѾϰˣʦǳԵüЦϲ£죬˵ǰ̫˽ôõڲ¶ʵڸô
˷ҰʰˢϴС鼫õøɲһþŻȥ˳ʣԱ𣿡
Ҳɾ֣վһ߿ŪЩе֣ôŪЩưأ
ЦСҵ˵ԼŪһֺòˣʡԻҪѡ˵һֶƭʲôģкô
ׯصˣ˵Ļ
˲òࡣ
Цƭû
ңҪ˰㱻ƭû
Һһû𻰣ת˳
պͲ³Ҳϲζͷÿúõȥϴһ£õǶ֮ĶԼŪˬɾǰֿܺȥˮҲһ³裬һҲû⡣ԺҲӿˮȥˮ
ֻһʼʱһ֣ԺˮȻСȴܸɾϴҲģΪʲôҸɽʱʦȴҪȥˮϴأҰʦԺ֮ʦȻȥͷϴϰߡ
ס
ұȥ磬ҳʱŽȥҼۣιҪҪһϴ
ұҲϰߣԹžͽȥˡ
һʰһ¶̺˴ϸϸİѴϵĨƽڴ߷һ
Ȼûһᱻ£ҿһȻһˬʪͷպ;ͽˡ
һֻĵЬһڵˮһˮǵζǼʹô㣬Цݲû̬ˡ

ԽԽһرз飬ҪǻѳţվصĽϳһЦ˵СĶɽӣ˶š
һﵽ£䰤˵Ǿ˵̨ʣСأ˼ҽɲԡ
˵ģɫǵļʽڵҲʮʮģﲢû¶ɫͷˣ峺Ц⡣
ÿһѾϰߣȡһʼŷоÿҲһӻҹԹݣȻõʱҲƭ͵§ǳǳǡ
ҵͷ˵խġϲҵı
֪ƽһӼת㵣̧ͷһ㶵ĳҡ
˵ϴɾ˰ɣ˵ɱгζ
˵ûųǣҺûôס
ҿһתͷ׾ˡ
СС˳ƺ𣿲ǸҿЦ
Ҿеȣû˵ҾǿЦģ߰ɣ
ȻЬˣȻɿ˴࣬ǽ˯š
תͷѱϸߣ׶ס˴룬¶һ˫ˮۣǸ˼Һۡǵһţ㣬Ҫ㡭
ҿ
ҡ
ΣҲŰ
򶨣򶨣
Ȼİѵƴѵ£ϴ
ͷҲһһˮζ
ҺȻ˵ιͷʪġ
𣺡ţǰ
ҵͷʪˣô죿
ʵʵ˵Ұҵͷˡ
Ȼҵĸ첲
˵ʵ˯
ί˵ġ
ûҰ
խһƶۣһ¡
ȥ˯
˵Ҫ
˵խ𣿡
խܿ
ҺЦסˡ
һ˵ĺ£оĺ֡
ʵ˵Ҳһеۡ巢ʱʶҲʼˡ
ô˯һҹڶʱð巢顣ǼһһȾʹģĺϣ˯㣬˵Ⱦµһ֭
ÿ
ңܺóԵӡ
۾ûȴȻˣι͵׾ͿѽҶװ˯㻹ף
еĸжϷɵһɶһƾкȥӴһӴϵֿʼί죺۸ˣߡ񣬳ԸĨͲˣղŴͷ
ƽʱúͷʹֹ֪Ϊʲôȴͦá
ҹƺˣһʲôҲǲá
ûͷ£Ҳû
һ;жж
ͬĴԽԽ࣬ʱ῿ҵļ˯ʱһ῿ļ˯Ҳûױûٽһ
ûҪҲñӦˡ
ʹôʱôءű˵ǻԺﶼˣסһѾҸˣһᱻ˵ÿ춼Ҫʲô£Ҳȷܲ㡣
Ц㣬ʵеɽ죬ʵҲδؾͶøô
ôʱĺܿ֡ǣϰʱĥŪʲôóԵģϰݷݵ˯һŴϣһͷһ˯
ֵӹر죬תһꡣ

42

һԣȻûǸμӵʸ񣬵ҲһɵɶҲˡ׻˵п֣пŵѾӵһεֻῴֽɻῴŵˡĳãĳǿĳȭźãĳ̸ʵ˭Ľر˭رأȥһ⿴˼Ҵ򣬲֪״ôȿһ˱̨ԭҡڻһһ˭ʤ˭˭ǿ˭ˡ
Ȼо仰˵ҵڻңɽϵĵһӵأҪӲɽҶһùʱ˾䳡ͱꡣʮĿ̿ࡣҺպȻԲ˵գù˼ҹľͷûᲢۡ
֮ǰɽ޹Բεһ㳡ܬשʯƽɡƽʱҲʦֵǵطְֿ˾ɣȥṦ˾ڹ㳡̨ȭţȻָҲС
ҾôСסĵطá޾ǣ֮ͬȻҲ֮ģǱϾͬţٽϾҲԺΪ󡣺ҲУ±ȭҲУǲ豭粨˭˭³Թ
պûôùҲ˵˼ڽ档ҲһԼʲôĿûʱȥɽϣʱȥ嶥Ľط档ʱһʱ͸˸ģèʲô䣬أżʹĻӽ
ˣ֪ˮҡ֪治򵥣ϴҾģǼʯݣг·ʱɳɳкңԶĻʯںʵʣһƬ֪жԶĺȻռ䡣ȴʼղ֪ȥΪûѧĹϵ
ˮҺһ룬ݸ
ˮѱӷһߵʯͷϡ
۲ۣ
áͷϳһ㺹һƤرϸ£ſȥҲҲŸëСﻹԵۻôɹڡ
һӾĥǲͶ̥أȫɸŮŶԡ
ҳ˳ָЦеĴսҲ
Ҳſϲ֪ʲôʱһ̦һºûɾѻҲ䵽ˡԽԽࡣ
һԼƲҶ΢ЦҲ΢Ц΢Цԭȴȫͬ
Լ̲סЦƹϽŤͷ
һŴźڵԵñȰ׾覵ʱ򻹿ɰ
̲סչȥɿһ¡
գգۣʮִĿҡҶе㲻˼۸
׶ˣȥصһڣġౡһ
ڻعɡ
١
ԺͷʵûһʼֵôŰ
ȻͷתȥˣǱߵɽ뿴ɽͻȻһ컨ƵġϸĶ䣬΢΢ķź죬ͿһСõ֬һ
ĺ㣬ҽҶ΢һı־ʹĲˡ
Ȼվüġ
ദӲĿһĿ
Ī棬ҺҲּΣʵ˺ܲ˵Ȼʱֱ̫һ㣬ദȴɣһûʲôɻѹһϵˣƢһ㣬ҲܱһƢܺõαҪദöࡣ
èܵһضǽͷȥȻҾͿһҶķ
һĲۣȻ֪ҪԶԵ˺Ҫʱ䣬ǿǱȽԵ档
ҵ
ӳţѾ˵ŵҾҺϲ
㽫ѧͷ䣬һǻϲ
Ǹӵ⣬˵ǰúݡԸġ
̫ͷˡǴ˸ģһһĳ˱̲ˡ
궫һƽЩʯ˯ҿŶǽһҲԺıۡ
Ժĸ·ǰиߣҲ֪ԼҪȥ׷򣬵Ǹߵĺܿ죬ôŬҲ׷룬ԽԽԶ
ܻɵû⣬֪ôߵһĽϣ¿ףҲ֪ԼģҪȥ֪Ҫһڣ겻ƴ·ܣǲ֪˶ãûе׵ʱ򡣿棬ȻһٿͷǼŵס
Ҿôûʧ㯹վﲻ֪룬־޴Ļ̻ԽԽСվվˡ
Ȼһ˳֣ӽݵҲԵúǣƺһϣ⡣
ӭȥ˵۾뿴
Ѿ֮󣬴۵ʹļᡣ
˵ôˣ
е㱵˵ҡȥ
仰˵꣬Ҿˡ
ѹˣղţΡ
ǰˣɲҵˡ
ϳ˭
պ͵ĵ
һ£΢΢Цˣجô
ҸϽ˼ĺк㼸ʱģ
ͷǰɽȥ̽ˣոջ
պҲ֪ʲôʱˣϥһԡ
һҲңŪڽǰ˯ѵĳ࣬Σ
Ҫ˵ǰҲںôң˵Ҳں˺顭кܶࡣ
ȴһ
Һպ֮䲻һԿŽʱ̬鶼ʹǰ޹ʹͬˡ
أ
պ͵ͷ˵ǰʣ
һЦ
պʣǺô
ͦõġ
Ҳ֪ĵ˭˵ѣպҲ϶ʶҹϵǳӡ
ͷֻҪʣ϶᲻˵
һˣоĺܲ
ЦЦ˵
ҵͷӦһξһʧǰ
ǳذ
Ҳͦ˼ġҼöҲˣ֪϶ݻǷݵĽصĿռȥˡ
ιʲôأ
պ͵ǰλΣһع˵нػеģǸסôֵĵط֪ǰûйϵ
պͷܸ֣Ҳ㲻ǻټҵʱԼˡ
ϻȥʱպϴϴ굽˴ҿ˯šŴǹȥŴڴϵ˵飬ȴ͹ȥһˡ
ӵһε̽ӲڣһֱڣҾǶϷˡȣι˯˯
һˣ˸ƣ۾
Ȼ£ι˵λûУ
˵Ҳ˯أû⡣
Ҳǡ
֪ǻԽ˵ʲôֻ˵һ䣬Ҳ˵˱ʲôͿλ
ܺÿ϶ƽҺģǻ¶һ顭Ϊʲôأ

43

ûɣ˯һҹǸһҹĻһ޵ľһᱳֽûϴʱɻպͣǲ͵ѹҼˣ
޹ҡͷûа˵Ҫ᲻ô
ɦɦͷ벻ͷҰοҲǰһ̫ˡ
պ˵òã
ҳһۣҪѵԼ᣿
ȥû˵ʲôֻЦЦŪҵе㲻˼ӵʱ͵ۿ
ûʲôѴþ˵ȳȥˣЩ緹
ڳ緹ƣĸоȥˮǣһԼˡ
ĵһʽѾĹ죬ǵڶʽûѧ
պҧŲݾԼֱڲݴӰգۣ΢΢ۣӺֻè
ʱҺȻòӰСꡣ
֪ܵȥˣ´μĪʱһǲСأںôƤûнģô죿
⽥ͷӰƿˣպԡĵ£Ƥѩ׾Өȥֱ͸˾Ķǡֻ·һŷ걦ʯұӣ˿ȥ
ҡһƬӨ˾ر̤ʵ
ιʲôأҲһݾȥ
˵֪һҾ͸㡣
һͷתһߡ
ЦķͷҼϣðɣһ£Ҿ͸㡣
ͷϵһ£ʵҲûأƤʵǡһӡĸеⲻȥȴֻЦЦ˵Ҫ˼Ļһ£ҸҲа
Һһ˭óһߵʵ
ǰưͰɡ
Ҵһ£˵ǼʱҲɽĻᣬʱҪȥʲôطʲô顣ιûУ
룺ǰûС
أ
ҡҡͷµ㹦Ҫɽȥֻ»ܲء
ͷ˵ҲǣһıӵҪɽҲѧϲءصɻȥʲôʱŰõ갡
ҲΪȻʲôϵһתʱ͹ȥˡ
̾Ҫ硭ʲô¶ҪٵʱźáҪϴ֮ǾʲôȤûˡ
ˡ
ҲѹȷнıǮ
ɽʲôƽƽ棬ƾԽԽľףҲǽ֮
뵽ͻȻеĻš
ô磬ϵŮŮûֻҲ
ǣʵ˺£ʲôֻͨѣʱ
תͷţĽëһܵӰӣǸľֹ̬Ʋߵħ
Ҳ֪ô£һعʱϣܵġ
﷢ƺЩ⣬ֱȴҵļ
ŵŨҵζͷһֵζ⣬ɽ磬ƺɢŸԲͬζ˳
Ǿţ֪ʲôʱΪͷˡ
ûޱܹ
ǰǶǺзִģģǵһΡ
˵ĸоҲȣĸоؿڿ֫ȴԽһİĸоӱһҪſĹԽԽ
ԽԽ̣һĴƵҵĲϣһֻѾҵ·
ͣͣͣ
̧ͷ۾ˮĿҡ
Ϊʲôʡ
ʲôΪʲôҷʡ
˵оܺﺰͣ
ʿڿˮɤӸɰͰ͵ģ̫ˡ˵컯˿ô죿
ЦЦûءôΣûУͣһ£ֺȻ죬ҵĳ岿λϣ۾Цһ˵㲻Ҳϲ
ҾҵȵľҪˣͶһȴ֪˵ʲô
΢ЦŵģЦȴȸղŶЩ
յֻۣ˵ңҲ˺ġ
ָ£Ȼһա
Ҿòȴɵѹס
ʲôҲ롭պ壬ڱ֤
ҲȥЩʲôֻúȫȶＯӿȥ嶫
İĿмϮһһԽԽԽԽƿأҾԼϸ߸ߵĳͷһʧͻˤ÷ǡ
ôΣİ˳ԵʧظУҸоҵһоУɲҵϲŭ
Ȼһ˲д͸壬Ӹ߸ߵͷϵ
ֻʣһָо׹ģֵģһҰգҪΪҽΪеĸо

㣬ҵϡ
ҴڴڵĴе֪һһĻָ
պϵĶĲҲֱ̫
ҵؿڣ˵ĺÿ졣
ҷķĲ˲ˣ
Цң𣿡
һһ˵е㺦¡
ʲô
ͣһ£˵ûʲô
˵ĸо
ûɵľһֻֿŵĸоָоΪղΣյĿС
ģΪպ͡
ҷסġ
ԣһ档
֪ųβӹͷգ£ɽУжˡ
Լ˵պͣһɡ
ͷϲ£˵á
ڲ˺ܾãʱȴʼߡû˵ʲôҲû˵ʲôɽʱûֻǹַǵģ۵ĸо
ֻҪĽŲоҵߣѾʵãԼҲûбԸ

44

⵵¶žжĸоһ
ûԹʱҲ棬ֻѡȵζ֮󣬲ˣҹҹ룬֪ζĿ룬ʳ֪ζĿǲһ¡
պһ۾ʱôаģһһĳҵɫҿǸŮģȻƾһ˫ۣʲôˮҲû⡣
ǸеģҲֻһˡ
ٷҲСң츣˰ɣ
ȻǴӷ嶥ϣҾͱľϴϴĥŸҲŪŪ
ð죬һϴũĶ࣬һ£һ㣬ɶҲûУ˭Ҳϴʱ򻹰ѿϵĽģһֻȥȫû⡣
һԥԥһ¡ұϾûá˵Ҳ֣ǰס̵ͨʱҲ֪˻ԼŪŪҾʹûͷ
һ⡭
Ӧǲᡣ
һԸ񣬶Ҫǵңֻ߲ܣ᲻ģ
ԽԥԽԥԥǼһﶼ̲סˣת˵ι˵ʲô˵
ҷʣ֪˵ʲô
ںڰԳЦҪû£Ϳʼˡ
˵Ҵ
ЦȻȻϵס˺һȻʧ
ЦһȼҪλٺٵ˵ЦЦ
ȸղŵ˺ü֣ЦҪµġ
ن£
ĶƺסȻ¡ûʲô˲
һͽıСУιι㣬Ϊβġ
ҺЦǸԲסԲסҲ֪
ȻȻ󡭡
ȻȻˣž͡
ʱʱСҲ֪ʹĻֵġ
֮ҲŪһ֣ɻشϣոĥ˺üӵСë¿۵ֻᴭˡ
ڴͷŲֲֽţһ˵ζ
ںڰС˵ǲ뱨ţ־ô󡭡
ұӣоϳƺһ㺹Сʣι
ȻܱŤİתȥ
ЦҾΪǺඡ
̬ȺƽʱȫһС˵˯ɣ컹Ҫء
Цѣȥסƺԥһ£ָҵֱϣȻ塣
֪ҼһŴû֪ģȻһֱûʲôҲΪûʲô¡
ǰ˵Ǽ飬̬Ѿ̫һˡ
ֻҪĵϲŶԷӺһҲʲô飬ƲϾסպͻаĿЦ˵ռһʵĿܴڡ磬ʦǸСײ˯ʦô˭֪ǹܵˮʹ֮ǲǻܱģ
һȭȥǵģ˵Ц˵ЦʦЦδ̫ˡ
ʦֵҲô˽˵ûŮӡЩ֪ҲװŲ֪ˣû캦Ҳûаʲô
Ǿôʼ˸Ҳû̫ƵպһȻ̫Ƶĵ
ֻǣÿεȴԽԽ
ʱ򾭳ǻæ֮󣬽һ𣬸оԷ£
ܾû
Ҫ࣬ӵжԷ
ٽһ飬Ĳ̫ȥ룬պҲû˵
ֻѾúܿ֡ȻеԵĲ㡣
һֵҼĪ棬СʱֻЦ˵ʣʣȴ˵ȥպͺˣһҪء
պͣ
ҲʶСꣿ
ǣȷпܡ
ִʱȻҲЦҧýһҲ˵
ŪҲƣˣֱʣںòãֻҪ˵ˣ
պЦе˵ͦѽõĲء
Ҳƭңðɣ֪Ҳͷˡ
лȥԷԹΣִһҪȥϴͷʰֱʪ˵ûУϴ죬ͷҲûص˵ϳʲôóԵģ
ȴ
ѻعͷ
վſ˴һɫĳ޳ºšһ£ʦ֣
Ӻɽʱûʲô̫ĲͬԵøȳˡ΢΢һЦʦܡ
Ŷ
㼸ʱģһҲû˵ʡ
˵ոջûȥʦءϴһ£һȥݼʦһ˵ЩӺ𣿡
ãͦõġͻȻһԤ׺ͷҲûУͻȻͻˡ
ˣм¡
ǸϿǹպסˣ֪֪֪

45

ҷһС˵ʦ۲ۣҸ㵹ˮ
ˮת΢Ц˵Եϳɶˡ
𣿡ѵҳˣ
Ц˵ȸɽʱԵóˣʱˣ˵ʮ˵ļʽںˣ˵ͷˡ
ҲЦͷʦǿôŲ󡣡
˵ҲǸһĵطǰҪô˵֪ǵ٩Ҳ϶ǿĻšеп˵ûǰôƭˣˡ
Це㲻̤ʵ
պҪǻһֱӱģڵӻϻȥ·Ȼٴ߳ȥһݹҹļ
Ҫˣô죿
ʦ˺ܾģȿҪĶࡣ
ῴɣ
ȥûͷһᡣ
Ϳɣֲ캦¡ǱʦֿĻҲһӡ˵ʦô÷ִ磬㿴δػ˵ʲôˣرװɵ
ôʱֿˡ
պͿˣһһȻ⡣
ôͣˡ
վҲʶ˵պͣʦֻˡ˵ʦֿûպ͡Ҳʦѧյġ
ʦֵͷȻ˵ġ
պϵľɫʵ΢Ц˵ʦֻˡɽ±ɽô
ʦ˵ǧɡˣЩ˯
ʣʦЪĶ
ʦ˵ȥ
ôˡ
Ժſڣ֪ΪʲôҾʦʲô
ʦֵʲôҲû˵
Ǹʱ˵ɽ´ҡ
ЦҲ϶Ǵһ˵İɣ
˵ȻʦʦǶУһ
ԭʸҴʲôԥһ¾ûʡ
վڵʣ࿴˿ЦЦˡ
Ҿ˵ĶԣҺǰǲ̫һ
˭ֻᾭһɲ䣿
ģ˭ᡣ
Һ̹Ȼ
ǰ֣̿ɻ
Һ̤ʵ䵽ʵ˵εĳҲʲô
ϲպ͵ġʱ򣬾ñϲϲ
Ȼƽʱ֪˭֪ˣȴ־Ҳûʲô
һȥʱպѾϴˣӰͷᡣޱߺͷеʪҽȥʱعͷң˵ףûٶͣ
߹ȥʹס
ʼţȻֱסңڽϾһƴǶԷ
Ⱥȣǰһֺǰ̫һ
Ȼȳ˵Ͳʰˡ
˵ʲôû˵
Ȼȥϴʱˮ˺һ
һʱ˵ûպͶࡣ
룬ҵں١
һ۾ͿԿһμʱ΢Цӣиĺӡ
Ȼڵӣ۾ӣ촽°͡ҰڶӣԺޱȡ
һˮͷȥˮģؿȴȵġ
ˣ·ϴѸɾѻˣľͷϴ
һȥʱպѾ˯ˡ
ƽţͷɢϡֻʣһ㣬ϻλεĲȡüڿر㣬촽е㵭ˮɫ
һ£뻹ûС
ٰŪѡ
ŵĽҿӣ˴ࡣ
ϵ˼£Ϩˡ
ˣһִֻʣôá
ֱ
ιʦˡܲ򵥡
˵Ҳܲ򵥰
ԳЦ˯Ũص˵š֪Ǻ˾ˡ
Ǻˣúúٹ۲һء
죬ҵ˵ҿܡҲˡ
ꣿǰʲô׼أɽʮ˾ǳԳȢޣżĵӹӵġ
ֽһóҲۣһ˵Ժ󡭡һ
ţ֣Ӧһ
ڶʦʦλʦҲڣһźڡɽʱССĲȻͰ׽ɹˣʦ˵ɽµļţʲôķ飬ȻѴ˳ʦһ˿ۺһ˫ϸƾĲЬʮóǺӡʦֵĸͬеزе֮ʺҵʱǸСӡҵл򿪿ʱʦֵָᰴںиϣЦָ˼ǲڴ򿪣Ǿ˵һ߲ᡣʦָպЦ˵ʦܣ֪ûбʲô
պҲЦЦʦֶ໨˼ҪƷѣҲʲôеġ
ܾǻлǸ˼̫
ȵɢ˸߸ģʦֱʦȥϸϸ̸պ죬ңʲô
˵֪ġ
Ҳء
ƿľеĸǣ滹Ǹ񲼰
ٴ򿪿
öʯС׹ӣԼ˩ڽϵġҲ̫ʯͷû֪ǲǺܹĶʦֵĶӦֻͨװ֮ɡ
պʹչһۡ
˳˩ڽϵĻպɫ°ϸĳˣе׸õš
һ
ҸϽ˵£Ȼ˳ְǸװغŽ˳롣

46

˭˵պʹ󷽣ҿԴ׵ıһҲС
վȥϵطһ·Ṧ嶥Ϣһ£ҵĽֻǽ嶥ĻݲݶùƽʱպͦעģٸرĶĻ˵ɳʯ㱾£ǸСܰ쵽ҪûϢݺһ㷢ֵʱɶҲˣǲŽб¡
ǽ˵ģ㱾µı¶˦ˣǰһȦطݶϻۣɳҷɣ˸ûˡ
һô󣬳ĵġ
ŪҵĽҲȥ
˵ģ˵ĺá
ҺʦûʲôȻеʱҲʦֶҵչеùͷ
ʦֺҳʦֵܹϵҲûʲô˰
պ׳ԵĪҶҵֲöôͻʦʦֶˣ˵գҲʰ˵ˣûҪ˩ڽϴš
еʱպǲġ
ͱʱ
Ъɣ

۲۰

ҿˡ
ͣȻ֪ȥҶ˱ˮǰʯһţôһˮһ뱭ˡ
˵ɡ
ˣһԡ
㲻˰
Ƶ˵ˣﲻˣ
ҿҲ˵Ӱ
תһ¶ǳӲļЦһתȥ
٣ҵҲˣֻʮֵĿɰ
еǰŵƤСĸо
ʵԴҲԲգʦֵĴ˵ںҰ
ڵ£ˮˮⱭӵģϸϸĸ͹ݰĻƣʮ־£̵ɫҲϲõǣװˮȻһӵζ
ʣⱭ˭İ
Ӳ˵ҵ
Ҳµˣպ;Ҳû򣬶һǸȰˣⱭҲ˵ĸоһŵ㣬һ־µĸо
Ҳȿڡ
Ҳʡ˵֮΢΢ͷҡ
űӵǰ΢΢Ц
Ʋһ죬ѱӽӹȥںȸɣһߡ
ŽվȻʦߵʱʤĵõ潣ʦңʱõĻһֱպ͸ǰ񽣡
һʽ飬˵պͣһҸо̫ԣơ
˹վ
һУ
һƽ񽣣ʾһ¡
ӦսͲˣôʹöͷ˫ִӱţָҵս֣ǿյģҪѽյôУôӲ
ĺĺҺȶȣҲоĺ
Ͳ϶е˵ģֺϸϸëɦ˴Ƥһֱ档
ιġȸղͶˣҲĲˡ
㲻Ҳˡǵģ˵ҡ
Ѿӽ̽ıʳ˸
ָҵϸҵѾĥļӣԶԶϣָָĶ⻬٣ָûҵָļ϶УԸоԵر
촽Ҳ̫ˣоֻҪҵԲһ£ͰԼĶͲ͵ȥˡ˵ʱ˵ʱ򣬺е㳱еȵƤϣůůģɵģϵ󶼱ů˴ˡ
롭С˵ҡľˡ
ҲС˵ûʲôĵġ
Ŀڲһ
ȥһ¡
ָסҵȻ󷴿Ϊ
ڵ£һ졣
еģ룬֪ûе
ҵĶȻֻġ
˵Ϣһ´Ĳţֲ˴ˡ
ֽסңҵıʶĺ
ãȻЩڳĶ࣬ȴû˭һ
ӰԵñ˺ÿҲ˸ҵ۾ʱ˫󱻽ճţôҲƲ
Ҳƿ
ȻЩ
еѵ۾߱еģ
紵ڹƤϡ
ָȴůģʪȡ
ҾеѣΣ̫ˡ
̧ͷң۾ܺڡ
ҿӳеģԼ
۾ƽʱе㲻һ
ƯĺڰУе⡣
ؿھһ󷢽һַĸо
Ρǰ׽е㲻һ
Ĳһ

47

֪ôţʧȥƽ⣬Ŀİʯǽ
ѹңһ϶ҲûС
֪¶ǴҴǴҡ
ԽԽԽԽҡ
ָое봫ЩʲôңҲҪõһЩ
˫Ծſ⿪ʼЩС̽žͳֱ롣
ģƽʱһ
ˡ
Ϣˡ
ĵײԾģҲˡ
ҲСܻᷢʲôҺ֮䡣
֪
֪֪
ָҲӼͷһһĻȥɿĹڱ䡣
¶ƤЩȣɽ紵־Щ
ӵĸо˲֪롣
ҵ½Ҳܿ죬Ƥȡ
ιιҵ˵С
ҵĶ䣬˵ʲô
컯յġ
˵ֲȻ˵ȴſ֣Ұѱ£һ£Ҫ˵һȻЦסңС˵Ǿȥ컯˿ĵط
ǰȻһڣŵ׿ġ
оѾǵһΣ
ֿնĸоֻһ˲䣬žͲȵʵء
СڶЦҵǲڣɽȥˡ
˵һֳ䣬Ȼᱧٺٵ˵ʲôˣܲ˵ģ͹ԹԵĴҰɣ
Ҷ񺮡
㡭ҪʲôҲЦô񣬻˵ôףͷǿŮĶһζ
ȴһʲôҲûС
󱳰˴ʯһ㲻֪ʲôϵĴʮỬ
һбŲ֮䣬ܵӡ
ѱˣҲҶȥű׿ϡǰ׵ģģӣӿʱƮɢһƬȻƲʣƮƮڴǰĵ¡
ιΣյģĴս۾ֱҵ۾񡣡
ЦӡǼϡ
Ĵķ˫˱ͷǱҵĿУɵˢ棬ҵһһĴ䵽ӴӯֻˮеĻǣǰˣ࣬ҳ
ΣܻһطᴥԷһһ۵¶ȣһһߵ㺣һһ㡭
ԽԽԿƵ
ҵʱҲĽر޳ʵͤ⻬ƤĦʱ򣬲֪ΪʪֻѵĵָУ˾úֶסˣôҲƲ
ͷסǰͻҾһҪܣĶȴǹ𡪡Ҫһһ߱Ĵָѹİѹ󡭡
˼ɢˣˣĻ磬ȴһģԽԽˡ
ʯĹǽ͸һİģ˾ʻĹ⡣
֪ʲôʱǵͷѾɢˣܿͷķ˼˵Եˣܴ
ģ뵽պ;ͺܴ
ͷҵؿڣ˿ɦÿһϸ΢ĸоôԡ
չ̣ؿҲ̡

Ļң־ڻҡ
ֻڡ
ԼԸģҪ顣
ؿͻ𽥽ĺӲʵĶӣŪĴչţʪġ
Ūʱ촽࣬Ħմˮ֮һ𷢳죬ѶװԼʲôҲû
һô
϶ĪѲ˹ϵ
˫˫ޣҵȻ˫ôһ¡պ쿴飬ҪҲܡ
죬ҺȻһ£ץס֡
ץŵģҿϵĽᡣ
𣿡
һɿ֡
¡
ǰκһһҲ¡
֪βͬκһΡ
ģоģҲԲǺ¡
ѾúɵĴӸṹһϰּ̾Ǳ˿棬ǷŪСȺģȥȸ⡣
󣬲ץסĵĵط
ΪĥѾ΢΢ͦ˸ʵʵڡ
ҵҲûţȻ̫һ߳һ߲ҲʵĲ࣬ϵĴһ
Ȼһߵģϵͷϵķ΢΢һԣǸϵҵ۾棬Ժ˸ᡣ
ι㡭
˵ûϵģ㲻ÿ
ҵ۾ƣңʪȵĸо˶¡
ǲǾøоˣ
һ
Ȼ֪ԭģ֪ǲ֪ǡ֪㡭
ǣǲѧҲ̫ˣ
ѵĪȵʱʱʱһ͵йۿ
Ȼôôģôġ
ҺȻʲôҲ벻
ҪλȻʪȽϰΧһ˲䣬ҪɣҲо
ҵ˼ֹȻʵķӦţݳһ
ԽǼ򵥣ԽֱӣԽԭʼĴ̼ԽԵֵ

48

ܸо˱Ķɸ׶ϸŪսţ̧ƿĶ˰;ȴʣ֪Ϊʲôץסͷ
ǰࡣ
Ըоϸ棬нϧϸº´档
һֱéһƮԼûжԼϧ
ΪİĿжҲΪİĸжԼҲԿơ
۾ǱסģȴһʵԽԽǿƿһϣҾÿһƬȫµģȥȫͬĹѩĶգѩӳչ⣬Ө⣬ҫ۵˾ѣκ͸ж
֪ǲΪԭ򣬸оֻ˼ƽʱ̵öĶʱ䣬Ҿһӳ嵽ߵĵطȻƮƮƵ
żɴеӰӰ´µģϲ𣿡
Һ﷢岻ԼҲ֪Ҫʲô˼
ܿ۶ϣϲİɣ
Ҹûдʧ״̬ȫѳ͹˵Ի
ЩƣģڼȻȻһƺڷҶ
ˣӦþԶˡ
ʲô
ұܸоΣա
϶ǡҵĶ
Ǹոշй˵ˣǶһҲúܷ쾡µĿĺܺ˵һĽҪ˾ƣ룬֫Ĳ붯ĵ׽ſӿǹ
ôһ£ĻҲʹȥˡ
οƿȻŵһǹǵζ
лպСԹһ䣺ʲôζôƵġ
ǰƵġʲôζأ
ȻҾ֪ˡ
ǹζһӱŨˣƺװƿĶ㵹ڿɢζ
ָʪ󻬣մƺҺģ״Ķһȸܵĵط
Ȼ׼ȷͣһ̽гҧס촽ĵط
⡭Ҳ
֪һ£ľһˡ
̹Ȼ治¡
ָĴȦתĸŪϸ΢ĸоҲ÷ǳ
ҵ岻ֱ֪ˣο£ҺСĵġ϶ۡ
ۣ
ҵע۶ϡ
ۣ϶ۣ
˵ģҡ
øˣƤɪ
ȵѹסңȻָѾ󻬵Ĳĵط
ҲûãѾͿĨŹֶָϸҲŻĸ壬һӾʹ˽ֹĸоҽжв
۾ɵĶʲôЩʲôǸʲôʲô
ǲǺܳªѿ
˰ڲӣ
ι㲻ġС˵ؿںȶˡ
һ
ָҵͣٲƺڵӦֱĲʸС
ȻҸо˳
ովÿԷһ㣬һ롣
ղŵĸоЩ֪Ǹָ
ȴҵһȣʵĸоҲûôǿ
֪ȻôС
ҿԸоָκϸڡָ⣬ָףָڡ
ԸоκһССĶ̽죬Ū
־ҲеƽʱͬĽ۵İɣ
Ҿ͵ʲôҲû
ôشֻǲסһԹԱסҪĻش۲ۣ
˵ۣ
˵ۣ
ֻ˵XXXX˵
Ȼһָ
ԸоſĲʣǣǴаҺôһʹҲûио
ҲҲܿӦ
˵ǡ

Ӧ˶зݰɣ
Ļȼһǰһζͬ
ֱӵģٵģ˼͵ġ
һԵΣڲƤ֮£ܵĿк¶ȡ
üഥĵط壬֪˭һϸ
ָ֪ⴥʲôطȻһ˿ߣصĺģԼûзһ㡭
ܼ⣬һӴӺͻ˷â
һֻֻϸµĸŪеģױ嶯Ĳλ
ĴҵĴϣϣؿúأȸղԵüȡ
Ϊһиоˡ
вʣûпС
к£ƺôһԼҲϵڴ
е㲻ʣЩǣЩηЩ
˵壬һС
ȱֵøиߣȻһͷ档
á
ҵƵĲɵҪԹһ˳ķҪ㡣
ϵϵɲ
ôõĺڰ֮ͻȻһƬʵĹ
糺죬ǹϸܾӨĺ顣
Ȼ磬£翪һմϸС¶顣
ȵģŶǸѾ󻬹Ĳλ
֣ˣֻֽһ

49

ʱûôʹ̡
ֻǣҪѵĸо
ǳĽԼѹҵ塣
ҾҵѾȣǾǴƺǸȡ
Ҫ̻Ҫ˺ѵĴ
ҪǣҪͷͣʣ𣿡
٣ʱ˵ܻǲܣѵƭƭ˵˵ͻ󷢴ȱͣ˳ȥ
סͣס¿϶һΣһΣ֮㲻ˣʹʹ
ֻ˵ĵ
ôܲܣȻԿ㲻֪ˣ
ǡ
Ҳ͸ҾƣĨһе֬һɫٶһ֣һ϶ϵľͲǺˣѪ
ҧҧ˵һ䣺
ȻοңҪܼһΣ
ҵȻǵһΡҲǵһΡ
˭˵һҪ
û˭˵
֮û˵ġ
Ǳ˷ٶȣĲٶȣͲݿܵ롣
ʱͻȻһ仰¿ͷѡ
ȷ
ϣ
ΪͷȷȺҪѡ

Ȼ
ʱýܡ
ѵĶ˲Ѿˡ
Ȼƽʱ򣬾ֻڱһһıſĲưס֣һʼоƺҪѿĴʹЩľˡ
屻ĸо쳣֣˵
İЩ־壬Щġ
ȡ
ϵĺɺΣһҵϡ
ʯǹ۵Ĺǵ˾ͷĿѣҴڵǣཻӵĲλ
顣
ûк׽׽ƺһˡ
صĲ֣һϵ塣
¶ȣѪ
ӦţӦš
ǰΪ²׷ſ֡
ȴ˿֮⣬ʹͺ޷̹¶ƺŸ࣬塣
ʵĸоҲıֻۣǻԽԽȣȵһǵ᲻ܳһѻ𣬽Һһճɻҽ
ղ߳ƺûȫɢḲǻеĵطס
Ҿۣ𡭡
ûµģҰ
㣬һࡣ
ҵ̹鸹̣ǻַԼ
ĳ̲סսȭͷһ󲿷ֶҪĳԼһ
ܿƣǷģűġšһ
Һе⡣
ҡ
ҿ
⡭̫ˣƵ
ֽŵʣ𣿲۰ɣ
ұս죬ҲҪٳˡ
۲۰ǲੲݡ
ˣҪʲôôϻҾҪľǷϻƪ
첲һѡ
Ҫ°ˣϰûǺһȭһŰ߿ġ
òףСĿʼƽ
˳
ƽ
˷
һʼҧгݣҪƲʸеĶ֮ȴһָо
һҲİģ˳ģЩ۵ΣտУʹʹһ𸡷
ֵģصһ㣬ĦϸСһĴϡ
һ̧ͷ
ҸоˣȻҲ֪ˡ
ȻĹ˼ԱˣȴԱرˡ
ԽԽصĶײԽԽĦ
Ҳûղһһ˼Ͷһײٱѡ
صĴϢײĦǵԽԽŨƺǱڵã޹һҩǲʡһҩ۵Ŀڸк޷ܵĶԡ
һǸ߸ߵ£Ȼط¡
Һڱ˴ϣȻٶȼʧص˷ҾѾˣʹûб͵ĶҲҵĸ̻ˡ
һ˲صĶ룬켤ҵҧסҵ촽صҧɡ
йɾ޴ҵĻֽץļ򣬾Ѿһ޴ȫĿն˼֪ȥȻȴһѸٵӿ
Ǻҵȫͬһָо
ǰ嶫ֻܸоһģİѭҵҡָоӶᡣβεڳһ壬ȻһＤݡ
ںѾסңڰˡ
Ѿֲ˴ˣǵ屾һġ
߳һ˲䣬ƣʹĸоʵһɶЩ̧ͷҿҲ
ôһأ
ղźҪĲ˵˫ȣ÷ǳʵģܵڲ
ΪʲôеЩоȡ
ҵĸоû֮ǰҪ棿
ѵ˲ִЧ
պͿң˾䣺㡭Ҳ˫ޣ
ͬʱʵǣõʲôҩ

һˡ
áô̽ʡ
һ£е߳ŭʵ˵о
Ҳ˵ɶɶĸоֻǳʵ˵ڵĸоȷ
Ҳáرá˼°ͣʱ״̬֪ΪʲôҾһаĺĪֺһƴϲһˮ⣬Ƥ·µ飬ڵԡ
δʾĺΣ˼飬΢üͷˮӯ۾
֣ΪʲôʱҾȻһôƯأ
ˡ룬Ȼһ˷ܵģаģðȭͷѾҵκһкĿ˵԰ɣô£
ԣ
գۣȭ
Ȼصİһͷϡ

50

ˡ֡
Ҫ˵ԼܿԼ˿϶еë
ԼܿԼΪǿ϶Ҳë
ڿȷë
Ȼִ˺һǲ֪ΪʲôһΡ
λơ׼ȷ˵˲ֹһơ
˵ţҲšϣ棬ҵȼʼڶҲڶ˺ҵʱһ𶯣ϢһƬ
ܽһ£ƺϵıȽңԿԷı
ſţͷӺ桭
ܽһ£ƱȽʡ
ٺţϡ
ܽһ£αģӸµĳɾ͸С
Ӹģǳɾ͸Сеˡ
Ϊʲô˵û˻᲻ס
мͣˮ
ôĺУ;ˮģ
ڿҲȻ¡
ˮƿﵹˮʢˮıӾҶˮƵģֻıŵĹ𻨵ͼƣͳֻһ
Ŷֻҵ̵ġ΢ЦǷֺһˮϴȥһλѿ̵ģȻҵ˳ִˡ
˳˼ҵĲ豭ǰ
ˣ
ղõġʡмݴʣǸʲô
ʲôʹʹһ߶óƿݸҡ
Ȼʯζһսƿӣ;ζŨˡ
ѬܵŨô˵أһָģ۵ζ
ʲô
Цֱ۹סҵĲӣ⻹֪ǲù
һ⵷Ƥϡ
ǰɣⶫȻרžôģ
һΪǹҵĲͣͷʲôġ
һ룬סľǽǰĪ棬պʱʱģûŮӣȷĶǹõġ
ǸĪŪĶ
õĶҲһðɣ
պŽǰһȴĪӰ̫࣬öʱҲԵе㲻
صĲ֪˶ãҺȻ£Ȼ죬ʲôʱˣ
պе㺬˵֪˰ɣ
һѣ죬ǻʦʦǿ϶Ҫżˡ
ǷҪǲŲأ֪ϲ緹ȥҲ˵ǰȥͿˡ
һһ˵ǲɡ
ûа취Ҳ£ȻŪһͿĴ齡ﻹһŨŨĹζǽǰ϶
һӾ֪ʲô¡
ҪģͨףһζͻɢˡҺպҲϬڵʲô
֪˵٣Ҳûбİ취
ٻصʱкȻһ˵ʯңûҲȥɣ֪ȥķҲûá
ң˵ǰǽܽΪҵǰǿˡ
ʣô֪ģ
ҡҡͷе
Ҳ֪ô֪ˡ
ȷѾȫˣͷĻɫ޲ǹϸ˸һӳ΢ɽ紵ͷѣҶҶζȡ˸ղŵһкһ硣
Щĥȣ飬̵ĺ
ȴ֪ЩʵķҺպͣǵĹϵòͬˡ
ǡ˶Էܵˡ
ƽʱһҵ֣ĺδɣ¶ɡ
ĸоȴһˡ
֪Ҳ϶òһġ
ɽ·ʲôҲû˵Ҳֻһ䣺۲ۣ
ҡͷҲҪҪô죿
Цұ㰡
ЦЦ
òš
Ȼ֪Һ֮䷢ž˵Ǹ˫ޡȻһĽҲӦ۵Ҳֻ֣Ӧøۡ
ȴˬ
ôûô泩

ҿպͣһЦоǼ򵥵ЦƺҲ֮ǰ˶
ðɣҪԭҲ϶һϣҿġ
˺ŴʱҲ֪Ϊʲôͷһۡ
ɽҹɫУȥİһƬ
պţҵ׻е飬ͷԼļһӡ
ƺŲʲôرζ
С㡣
˵֪ҪǶԼ
ﻹǺһȥΣ˻Ʒˣȥˮϴ֪ƵҩһɵҩζƮɢ
Ī̤ʵǰںǵԺȥ
һȥüѣһȥϴϴ
˵ȥɡ
ЦЦȻȻͣ˽š
ͥʦֵЩľĻζƮɢڿС
ʦվǻǰǡ

51

պ͵ֻһɲǣȻ̹˵ʦֻûȥ˯
ͷȴ˵Ŀպ͵ӹ䵽ҵϡ
Ҳ֪˵ʲôһҲû˵
ʦ־ȻҲû˵ʲôֻ۹·ˮһ˾óأЩ⡣
Ȼ˵ùǺõģҲҪ̫ЩϢɡ
תʱպͺȻЦ˵лʦֹġ
ʦֽŲûͣͿ첽Զˡ
ҿպͣҡ
˵ǻ
ðɣһҺܼǿģѾƶİϿרӡˡ
ǻһǰһȥϴģҪطȥѣȥˮЩȣҴһˮͷϳȥﲻ֪Ϊʲôе㲻
ʦ֡
ʲô
Ҵ²벻
˿ȥ̹ģϸһ룬ʦڣ˭Ҳ˽
˺û˭гԹ
ǫţҲϲд֡
Ҳãֲǿݡ
ƺûʲôرϲãҲûʲôǿҵԸͿ
֪ʲôʱ˵ȫʲôϲõˣʵֵ
ʦֶҺܺãһֱܺá
ԣҺպһ£һֱϣ⣬ܡ

ƺʲô£Ҳ֪顣
պͶʦһְֱģȻЦţǹɵӵζԲݺԡֻҪʦһ֣һֻ˲β͵èһȫëܽ䱸
ܾáǷʦһ͡
֪ΪʲôȻ֮ǰҲûʲôǣԴҰʦ֮ʦֶҵĺãҵĹģƲĶ˵ҲǸܺúܺõʦ֡
Һպ͵£ҾãӦø
ңǰҵĺãҲӦö˵һл
ҴҲϵˮҶӽһ緹ûԣҲûԡ
ȻžöһҲ治ˣһҲࡣ
ҲҲʲôԵ˰ɣ
һ߲ͷˮ˳ľ͹ս䡣
ΪֺӣԺϺԵģ׸ﵹףҲܸɿѽ
˷ʧĳ
ˣպﲻ֪гԵû
ߵſڣ£ιҺˣȥϴɣ
û֨
ƿš
յġ
ûˡ
պأ
ҵһͷĪȥҳԵȥˣ
ǲ֪ΪʲôϾòǡ
˵һָо
ƺ
ƺҿңңĸоһЩʲô
֮Һ֮ǶһεߣǣŰţһͷңһͷ
϶ȥʲôԵģȻﲻ̤ʵ
Ҵ󲽳ˣҿһۡ
ȥˮҲһˣϴֱ飬ôĹҪҲԶˡ
Ѿôˣʲôȥˣ
Ȼһܲȥʦ˰ɣ
ԽԽп
ˣô鲻ס
Ҳ֪ĸߣվԺֻֽǡ
Ȼ˵ι㷢ʲô
һɣɿĻعͷ
Цеվǰͷ֡
ȥˣ
ЦЦո˼£ȥ
ҿСʣȥʦˣ
Ц˵٣֪Ī㡣ģûȽŵ죬ҳȥͲӰˡ
ɿʦΪ˲ģ룬һֱչҡѵܺͺĺú˵
ףʲôʱ˵ˣȫˣԺûˣɿһ£ˣȥЪŰɡȥϴϴ˯ˡ
һ˵ҡ
ðɣĽҲⲻҲüһʱ
˰Ҳû˯šպԭˣһ뵽飬δе㲻ڣһظȥ˯ίıͷˡΪһͷǷߵġ
һֱû˯ţ£ϲҪһҲһ󡣸ϽķھԼġ¡ʦ֡
ԺҲ֪˶ò˯š
֡
㱵ʱߵһʶĵط
ܶ¥ݣһһ׵ġ
ҼǵǰƺԹһ֣ôҲ߲ȥ
Ϊʲôֵˣ
ֻһأЩһ
ûǰһƴҪҳһ·
Ϊ֪ǰ׷Ҳġ
ﲻһ򵥵ԹǱʲô޴ķһЩ¥ݲͨѰҵĳڡ
߿һЩ֪ʲô졣
ôռţЩǴأ
¥ϷȻи翵ڶң㲻ȥ𣿡
תͷûӰ
ظһ飺㲻ȥ𣿡
ҵȻ롣
Ҫôȥʡ
ҪԵĹ֡㹻ͿԳȥˡ
һüͷ
ڻĲ̫ףҲ⻰˵Ĳ⡣
˭ʡ
ֲˡ
Լ֪С
ֻѲ
һֵģҲڵΡ
Ҳ
кܶ飬Ҽǲ
֪ܶ飬һŵתȴ¼

52

ûжãǺƵһΣȥ𡭡ȥĻȥѱħֳԵ
Ҳ̲˵ȥѽԱ˶ͿԳȥˣװŪ
Ȼֹ
ȻҲû
ҵеˣȻһڹƻģеҲܱûãɳɳţҪ㵽ĵϣŪѾ֪Ķʲôˡ
ûֿʼˡ
ȥô仰ġ
ĥţ˵Ȼ仰ôƭ˵ģʱûбûĶ⻰ٰʮûãǧ˰ٱģͰ˸ڿκˣȥħֵȥԵ
̫ˣǷյĺ޳·ЩǴ﷢ģ
ôʱ򣬺Ȼһ˵ιǸʲô
ʱʱλƵȫһеçײƵġ
ˣôһôĶ
ơ
ֲͬƺһ˵
ȻȻתȻµǲĳݣİûйϿպıڡ
һ˲ȫˡ
һԼڵ£Աһ˵յ÷ǳںҴ۵С۵Ļ࿴ŶԷ
ĶģλִһѣһվҲŷжߡ
ʵҲ֪𰸣ҵĻҪöࡣ
һ̳ӣһεƺ浹ʲô
ιһ־ңǲǴͷģֵأ
ͷԵģȫ֪˵Щʲô
һﱧ̳ҡֻλǽգǸ־ִ̳ӻǲòˤδ
һ̳ûȻƵĵͷңһǲǴ̳ģֵأǲǱ̳ȥˣ

ҿֿǸ̳ӡ
ղ˵ȴֻһ
һأ
ٿڹķϵ̳ӡ
汻ȥ˰ɣǾ˵ղҴǸĿռ䣬ԭһ̳
Ҳ֪˵ǴʵղҾһںĵطȻ͵ˡʲôҲ֪
ȴȫҵĽͣݺݵĲ̳Ӿͳͷҹ
ۡһ죬κһӷ˵¡
ף
ǡˣ
ۣڵҿûҵݣҵĴڴǰϲűӡ
洰ϸҲǡƽʱҪĳ⡣
ãģơ
ҷŴеͷ͵ġ
£Ҳ֪˭ˡ
պƿţ̽ͷôˣôһ졣
ͷû˵Ӵϵˡ
١۾ЦˣҲԵİôڡ˵ǲǴûңرϰ˰
ҵȻʰ
չȥһһҹö鷢һһ
ֺû˯һֱǸԻξ棬֪ɣҲҲų·
Ź֣˲
պȻҲûϴȫЦ⡣ɢͷڼϣ۾ɢţǸջģྻ°ɫԵе
Ǽࡪ
ֻݲġ
ôĹѾ˹ҵĲӣ˸ҵģģ۵ǡ
ŪһӾĳ䷴Ӧʵıֳ˱顣
Ǳ
һƿҾȷˣҾ˵ôЬ͹ˣ˿ô죿
Ц˵˭˭ҲŲ˿ء
ԣƤıȵϳǽש˭
һҪء
ʦʦǿǡôμܲǼ°ɣ
ֱĨĨ촽ʹôµĴк¶ȶȻ
ι졭ȥɣ򴽣۵⿴ջ
Ұȥˡ
սС˵ȥĻУ
λƺûԾĻ̸ö֣
Ź֣˵طʮ˰ջʹʱҪɱҪ񻹲㣿
ģұ֤Ȼ˵ʵûͻᡭҵӦٹЩʱŻᷢ
ϵ´ֻ
˵𣿡
ôܡ
ҶҪ㲻ϲԺˡߣҲԣûйϵֻһҸô򵥡
ұסļ˵Ķͷһ˵֪
ϴʱеݸǿҽӹ
֪ΪʲôͷˣһƬհס

һع񣬳ЦЦû¡
緹ʱ룬е㱡ʵʲôҲû룬ԼҲΪʲôôл㱵ķˣֲ֪ʧȥʲôط
ͺû˯һǼв
ʦǹȥÿһ˽պĲڴˣǽлйоصʲôëȻ񣬵˵ӻȷе˵Ǳƽʱӵĺáʦͦ⣬һ䣬ȻֽһЩʵЩǰҲٴʦһû
ֿʼˣ
عʦ˵ˣҸϽͷĴӦš
ôˣ
һҲɣ
պĺҲͬʦתߣС˵ǲǡϲ
һ²׹ѹôͣ
ޣһ;Щ
ΪΪǸ
ҵһۣǡ
㡭˵̫á
˵û˯á
Ǵʵ
Ҫ˵ǶΣҲǺˡ
ǺΡ
ơ

53

ǵ˷嶥պͶ˵ȰѴĳƽʯһ̣ȥͱˣЪŰ㡣
컹˵ʲôûھͽ˻һȭҲ費ˡҪĲɵģҲ
˵û
ۿҲ̫ۡ
˯ȥĻ᲻ǸֵΣ
һε¥ݣƬ
εǴȥ֮
˵ʲôϵֻǡЩֵֹġ
֮ǲ˯
ҵˣһվɵ
̫ܺãɹ˺ɹ᲻𾢶
˯˯
ֻǱӦûϵİɣ
ɽӦûйֶʹУҲûеʱҼǵõģɽϻ԰ȫҲƽƽĳԶٷʦºͺ͹ˣ˶Եڵġ
Ѿɽˡ
Ҳ˵Ҳ̨ȥϼˡȻǳĵͨڵһ־ͻᱻˢѾǸŵĲ񣬶һʽɽµˡǰ֣ȫҲ˷ܵĽһŵǸֵСʦܣ˪ǣǶһ
Ҳй£Ծ÷·ŵƵġ
ҡҡͷŬ̫ۡɹʵ̫ˣ۱ĺѡ
պһͷңЦ߻߻Աߡ
ͷںڲϺõ˿һŹ⡣ҿֻůһ֡
㲻˯һ¡
ʣأ
Цҵ˯ţȻϻֻڹ
һɣúܿ
ǣ˯һۿͷλãʱҽѡ
ЦҵĶ˵õģ緹
Ǻͷûʲôϵ
Ҿǡ
ģɼΡ
ܰԼѣͿˡҪ̫á
һչֱۺҵ
ܳ˵̫ܴҲҪġ
ϵζеŨңǺܺš
ʶֱۣ߬ղãȻģԼĵǣʵһɶ
ô̤ʵıۡ
ܸоԼ˯ĺֱܳһ͵ɦУ֮ȥҲ㲻Ƶ˲òѹԡ
٣˯ֻһĳһë׵ĲݾһһԼ˵˯ʱģҺ㶼ѽ
Ҳ˯ĺ㡣
ߵĹϵһҰǶûУ˯ĸ̤ʵ
ҪǲϿ˵һǹΡ
һﻹãԵ˯ͷá
ӣһί˵㵹˯ˣҿءⶼˣȥҲûԡ
˵Ҳãһ˵ҲöＢꤵĿʼճǼˡ
ǻѵõ㣿Ц궼ӡ
գգۣҲǳӡȻսˣ˵ֻһ
һ̣ҲҪεһѣãȥҳԵİɣҵ
һڣЦһ֣УţŪóԵȥ
Ṧõúãӳȥ˲ݣһֻŵӡ
ұϥЩб̫£ЦеĿӰʧһƬŨɫĲִ
е̾һﻹ˼ҰȻһʼûҪһεģҲܲһµŵ࣬ȱ١
ӶϴȥҰѱ紵ҵһͷض档
Ȼعͷ
ʵʲôҲûֻǡ
ֻǸоЩ
˵ݲһָоͻȻһعͷ
ʦվڷĶǽ⣬Ŀҡ
һ£Ȼվ
û߽Ҳûʲô顣ɽ紵½ҡŲͣҲ֪ôţӣ֪ЩΣǾ;ε¼ţ̡
ʦ֣
̽һ䣺ôˣ
ĿƿӹƬ棬Ȼ˵һ
ô
ɼ򵥵ûޣҾòġ
ҵ·մһ㸡ң߹ȥ
졭
תĿһۣ仰Ҿ˵ˡ
Ŀˮһ˾Ҫûĸо
ܵģ֪ǲµġ
ǣҲȷ֪ôĺ˵סҺ֮ٲǢ׽£ֲǿԼ򵥵ġһġ
㿴̫Ȼ˵ǲǺܴۣ
̧ͷ죬ðѾ磬ûʱôҫˡ
̫ʲôҲϣҪٿ
Щ֡
Ϊʲô˵
̫ʲô
Ȼ˵ڿ𣿡
ãȻͷ˵ۡ
һĨ޵Ц⡣ȻЦ˿Ų֪Ϊʲôȴ﷢ᡣ
ȴϲڵÿһ죬ÿһ˵ˣһģҲټǵ㣬ô죿
ɦɦͷ
ֵֹģҲ֪𣬱Ͼû
ʦֺȻ
ǰǰӮ潣׺ǿҵʯ׹Ѿ˿ãڽ£˿ҡҡԵúܺÿ
͵ĶƺһҲϲ
ҸϽ˵ǵġڻòţƽʱϰʱ᲻ġ
ظţòţ
Ŀ䣬ģպ͸ǰ񽣡

54

Ҫô˵أ
Ҳ֪ô˵Ըɴ죬ʲôҲ˵
ԵӲСˡ
ʦ־Ǿͣպ;С͡
Ҫǲѽַ첻ɡ
ѽȻ˼Цһһֱһֱûʼմŵġʦʤõ潣ȴֻǹǽϡ
˵ʦȥѽ𣿻׹ӣ
е
ʦһֱǫǫӣǲӦȥö£
û
Ҳû˵һʯ
ԭ֪½ģһֱط˵ħˣֻнûгĽɫֻҪ˽ûһѳȥ
֪ΪʲôͻȻҾ
˵һ죬Ȼˣһʱ౻صֶܵˣʣһƬ档
ҿһصĶϱڲԫ󲻳ʱʲôģ
ʱЩӳĹǶ˷ܵĺܣֵüգֺգһӿ˷޾аʲôʲôȴʲôҲûɽһƬطʼպ̫ƽһҲûз
ʣʦ˵ģ
˵ܻЩʦų׮УһЩʦɽȥʱ򣬶ҲšЩħҲʱ¡
ΪʲôأҲˡȷôֱôõʱ䣬һ֮ǿһ粨׼ǧǻȺħĺƽһ̿Σ
ЩһôʲôҲûأ
ʦ˵ǲףЩСʱվˣѾǱʱͬˡܾǰʱЩɽӴѾ׺ɣǵֱĵĲ龻һ󲿷֣뿪ͬʱѾܲ˵ʱѵĳʣµһСҲһϢĹ͵ٻָշ޿ܵġٲֵһЩʱħ֮˳շȥ˼ƷշԹߡ͸˵ˡ
ħ֣Ȼ͵һ
Ҷˡ
Щȫˡħˡ
ʦתͷң
ôˣ
ҡҡͷ֪Ϊʲôб̫ⶼԵôˣе㷢Աߣе˵û¡
˼ʣʦôͻȻ˵Щ
ǵЦܵǰЦ˾ůУĸоûʲôǿ棬һʱЩп
һ˵ںܾúܾ֮ǰиССԼΪԼ˲ĵͨ黭ϸûʲô֪飬ҪʵʲôҲûУһҰǾҲ˺ԵõľԼ˲һɣշһʲôҲС֣ǸСַǳĳĽһѧ³ʶǾͽһ𵽴ߡʱģڤ绹ûбһŹطסħҲĴУҡһСҴԼر˲ʵƽȫǸµСһҲǸСʲôãƲֱִӡ
ʦֵᣬеĲɵţֻúһķǳĲ
һ죬С˵ϲЦһ٣˵ǰΡ˵Ҳϲ˰˵ǺĽɫӦһľŮʱһλŮųѪ֮Ĵ˲Сúġǻһ𣬵ߡ
Լ˲ãȥ˵ȢŮû˵ֻ˵ȢŮ˶ǣܵбǮСԼ϶ﵽҪʼƴͷأҪһΪ
ҷԼ£ǿԼȥʦֽĻ
ͦ͵ģ˵ʵʲôΪǿʳһסȱҪථƣϺһСʵѾǳһȥģ洳áҪŮˡǸʱ˼ɽҲħڤ޿̣һսһңڤ类⣬ħɨ䡣ŮûȢɣˣδˣԼҲʿҪɢһֱһСˣСԼȴʿĺܲңͺһ𣬱ؽˡ
ԭǸйصĹ¡
̫бˣɽƲʺնȾһĨ糺ɫϵҲĺӳţԳһֲʵģе
ʦֺȻͣ²˵ˣ̲סʣأ
ʦ˵Ҳ
ôҲȥˣ
ʦֱ첻˵ˡ
ץץͷɫˮһʵƲʲô
²ңҲԹȻе飬Ҳ㲻ϲ࡭
֣ͦˡ
֪ôˡ
ʦֿݽʲôˣûٽ˵
šʦ˳־һƬҶӣڴԣᴵ졣
һƬҶҲԴôתĺӣǡǺƵġһεģģ˱˵ĸо
ɽľ紵֦Ҷҡš
֪˶ãֹͣҷֲ֪ʲôʱģһᡣ
ʦתͷЩĿҡ
㡭
촽һ£Լ֡
ĨĨ˵ʲô죬Լ޻˵
̫ƺҫһ£ûɽĺȥ
ɽ壬ɽȣֽɫʾˡ
ҺȻվ뵽ղһֱûȥ¡
պأôû
ȥ˺ܾˣȥɽҳԵģҲûˣ
ȥˣ

55

ʦңôˣ
ЩãȻȻĵǣ־֡ǡպӦò£һϲ֣ﱻʲôסˡ
պ͡ԭһģ˵ȥЩԵġ
ʦͷɫⶼѾҪˣҲûг𣿡
Һҵĵͷ춼˶ӶˣȻҲö
ֻǾеġ
պʲôȥأСµĻӦò᲻ǵһ˻Ҫ£һӦ
ɽϣӦǸȫĵطֻʲôҪأ
еò⣬ȣȥ
ǣȥʲôһͷҲûС
ʦοңҪģѾȻȥˡ
۾һҲܣ
һ۶ôСҺʦ˵˵ԶԶһȻȥҲ˵
ǻȥûȥĻʦһæҿҲ١춼Ҫˣٵ嶥ĿܺСˡ
˵ҲǣȴպûлȥĻܻᵽ嶥ġڱ˿һ棬Ƕ˵ͼҲࡣĪȻʱĴεҲ̺Сס
еò׼
ǻȥȣȥң
ʦ˵ˣȻȥһɡ
ʶ˵Ķԡ
ɽһ·ϣƵƵͷʵʲôҲˣȴǱһֵϣϣպʵڸֻΪʱҲһͷʱܿ۾͵͵ں档
֤ˣһ·һ˲ʮͷʲôҲûп
ʦְοҼ䣬ȻҺҲȥҲ˵ʲôˡ
ٶȺܿ죬ȥʱԶԶģд̵ʱ֡
Ժûˡ
պʦ𣿡СҡͷûаǺһȥûм
ŶһһƬãȻ
ȥĶˣ
᲻ʲô£ʲôΣգ
ôһ룬ҵľ󱻸߸ߵľ
ʦοõģɽûʲôΣաЩ߳Ҳްġܵɽȥ֣ҲʲôҰ˵
Ȼ˵ǣΪʲôأ
˶һ£ȻҪŹ棬һҹṦѰʲôҩҲǳе£ûΪȥʦȻ󷢶СͬһȥѰҡ
ҾǷĲ¡
ʦ˵ҲһûˣҵȥõɵӣЪһЪȥˡ
ҵͷҡҡͷ˵ˣ鷳ʦ֣ԼȥҰɡ
ʣ֪ȥ
ãȻҡҡͷ
ȻҲܱһôЩ˵ҵһȣϻ
վԺԶԶĴеİһƬеѾ͸⡣ɽɽԺһһأһؽһأԽȥƻԽ٣ľ㣬տԴ䣬ȴ̫̫һЩ
ĽһûҲǣվҲǣָŤһֻǲͣĥȥˣô
нŲ죬Ҽæͷ
ļȲʦ֣պͣ˪
Ȼ£Ǿ֡סĵطʦԺһһƽʱҳϸ䳡ϺͷкһЩһҲûм
ʦ֣㡭
վסţ˵ҴŸ㡣
һʣպô˵ʲô
˪ҡҡͷĪġ
Ī壿ϷӦĪ棿
ͷ˵պҪһ뿪գܼ㲻Ҫġ⣬ҲʦΪһ
һɣʣʲô飿ǲǡ鷳£
鷳飬պôܶ˵һ߶ֻתأ
˪˵ûպ̫ͣ£ûʲôĪ忴ҲԵüšͣһ£˵Ҳ̫Īô˵Ҳǳֱ𣿡
ͷ˪һǣʱ򻹹˵ϽƽʱͦãҲϲƢСƵģ̫һһˡõãһСѾͷһһ£ȫ
ҾǾ˲̫УҲӰ٣Һǰʶİɣҵûʹ
˪ͷպͰͬһʦѧ䣬Ӧصġ
һ£ǰҺܾģһǸ˲պĸףСӵǺܻͶ̥
˪ͬ˵û˵˵Ī塣
ôֳĪˣҶˡ
˪˵ĪҲպ͵ĵô㵽ڻԺģ
ҵ찡һſô˪Ҹ˵пҶûϺͷһ䡣
ĪҲպ͵ĵǽǰأȻˣ֪˵ĹϵѰһֻһɣôš
ðɣҲ˪˼ǣĪǡ
Ҵ£뷨˶񺮡
ʦֶһ̺ҵˣЩ⣺ôϢˣ
ҵͷţ˸Ŷ˵Ҫ뿪һ£Һʦһء
ʦֵ˵ͷӷ£ȷİɣˣԵ㶫
һ˸Ҳܲ಻ˣҧһڣ֥ǵģһѹͽ濾Ľ࣬Ե㡣
ʦҲ˰Եĺθڲһ˴裬öﱥˣŸհǰꡣ
ʦ֣˵ǸҲ
΢΢һЦʱõöˣȴ˵п˵ɣǶЩĴҰ̸ҲûʲôġЩϢٺú˵
վȥȻ֮󣬿ʦְǱ潣ϣ˩Ǹʯ׹
һһƣһԵúܳ
ȴáһҡ
С
˵Ǻܾ֮ǰġ
УѾģҵļбĨġ
һЩ䡭
ҴָĦ潣Ľʡ
ӹóˣҾȻһЩҪ飬ȫˡ
ǣĲȥ룬ȥ
Щ£ȴǲڵġ
о˸ġ߲һ
ҿŲͣ򣬾ûôҹʲôͷҲ׽

56

Щ¾㲻ʱ
ʱ㲻뵽»Ժ˷ʲôĸı䡣
磬Һպ͵η롣
Ϊ죬Ҳʮ¡
ǵȵѾصʱȻûл
һÿȥ嶥ŻȻһ죬պ;ͻһǰÿλһȥһ˻
ʦ˵˲١
𣿿˯˵㡣
ҵ˵ҲܸӡǵǣǣңеԹ
˵Ҳܼ򵥡ڴƽµĻ
ǣ£ԼҲԸȥ룬ܶʦ˵ġ
˭Ҳû취˵
ǳΣպ֮ҲûҡеʱԼ֣ϸĻе龰Ҳ벻
ʱʦ佱ҵȴܵʮ⡣ʵԼǿʲôϣԼպûҷ׽֮ǰֻǲԳƲϴϻۻ档ңǴΡǴڷ嶥֮ԽԽá
Լϵĸı䣬һֳ
Щı䣬Ϊ
һμʱΣ˵һһĻ̽ûԷסʱô뵽˻Ϊоص
һҲһȻһλӦʦְԼҲӮһ潣֮ҲʦֵĹһǲɽȥ
һպ͵˪֪ʱԹҲֻʵ˵Ļ࣬ʱ򣬿ŰֽȴֻǷ
˵ǣҷĲΪʲô𣬾ΪʲôԵʡҵļįҵķգҵġ
ЩûдֽдϵĲ۲Ǽ仰ԼŶû˼дҲдˣװ˪
պͻպ;ͺáٳûлύĪ棬ǽǰҲԡ˪һڴӦ
˵лôβɽ
ЦҲŸҪʼѧأɽ
Ҳǰ
ЩҪѧģɽ꣬ʶҲ˽ٻɽʱҲϰһЩ˵ǿҪѧģǲȡ
һ·Ҫ൱ģԼء̣ͷɽϣʲô鶼ܻϵġ
ҵͷҲء
ʰɽʱ򣬴Ǳʦ͸λʦ֣ҶĻȥʦ֡չһǰֻǡҾãѾˡ
˵Ƕˡ
ȻǾºУֵµʱҵһߵˣѯʵˣȴպ͡
ʦָһЩ̲ƴһ¡
˵治ȴɽϣȿˮ㣬ûǮܵġ㽫ٻҡ
ҰȻ⼸궼ɽϣɽ׼ۻ֪ġʦôµЩ˽أѵɽ»ʲôӪɣ
ʦֺ֪ʲô΢΢һЦ˵ɽʱ̲Ĳ࣬٣ҽǡ
һЦ
УҲֳ֡ЩһϲƯĶﳲҲЩʲôġЩȡҲϧ
ҵͷܶԺܶԣҵúúøʦѧţʡԺĲӡ
˼ŷֽң÷գڽͷԵֵһȡʱǷ⼸ŷֽʦģΪ͸ղʦҴϵģֽͱʼһģһ׷ʲôĶСǻʦٶһݣȻҲʵװĶҵȻơ
ʲôûУ
˵ǣȥһš
ʦֵͷ˵һ·Сġ
˵ʦַģֲǴû¹ɽšǰûɽʱҲǵεġ
˵Се괬ʲôʱҲܴ⡣
ҵͷӦ
պ뿪죬ʦɽķ˵ЩûͷûβĻҲܲѰҺЩ棬ȴҶʡҴ֮һƽºͣơЩҲû
ˣҲˣٺㆪ£²ɽˡʦֵЦݶЩĸˣȥأǵԼౣأ±ǿݣɽڣ¶˵
һֱ͵ɽ⡣
һͷ˵ʦֲˡ
һͷվס˽š
Ҵ󲽵ߡ
ԶԶĿԿһյţΪ뱻¾ţֻһǣһ޷Խţ뿪ɽˡ
һعͷʦֻԶԶվɽʯԱߣ紵ҡڲĿѾվһ
ҿۣתԾš
Ԩ¾ķųµҡҡλΣ濴һƬգĲ֪жããȻģҲ¿Ŷɹš
ٻͷʱѾΡ
Ҫʱ·ΪЩѾȥ
仰ǣǰҲһãȻ
ǰͨأ

57

һ·ĸоûʲô˵ġ
ɽϴˣϰ˺ʦʦֵ̧ͷͷѧҲãҲãоʲôҲã顣ڿͶڵµӰֻԼһѥ̤صҲֻôģԼһ
Լ󡭡һֻȺһ
ʵպǰһֱһˡôҲ벻ʱľˡ
һ˹µ˿ԲãǹôõİֵӣһӱεӰֻȴһӿĺܲܡ
ʦȰ棬һ·˴򶫱ȥʱڣɽϵľһƬ̽֯һ𣬺ؽߵúܿ죬ɿӹȥɽ쵵ĲʽһĶ
˶˵ƣȴáվڴ߷ʲôҲ룬һʹҴţҺҿʱһʪ⣬Եˮ
ϳԵļ򵥣̵ˣܲɣһЩС㣬ϲ룬ζƽƽҾŲ˳һ뷹θԶûɽϵʱá
Ȼ϶ڴҲţˮ·ҪߣҲû
ʱ滩Ľˮʵ²̩ǲҹġͣĵطǸСɿڣз磬ҲЩҡβȡ
պôأ
ʲô飬ôöҼ棿
˪ҲûϢתĨǵĪϣҲû˵ʲô
ʱ̲ס룬粻ٵģǡȹ֮뿪ûУһȥûѶ͵ľǳԸĨ˵ı鸺ı֡
Ȼ֪ˡ
ǣûʱ˼룬ʲôֵĿпܵġ
ʱһһʱۣʱ־ơ
ûа취޼ɵȥ˵Ĳǡ
ҶҲ
ң
պͲ֪ʦֲ֪ʦҲ֪
Ҷ˭Ҳûа취˵ܡ
ҵľСʱˣպ͵ʱѰһ֮ء
мһƺǿհסôһһڸɼһıƽͷСӣмı仯
ʱ䣬ûҲûĴε
ǳʣңԶģ
ʱһȺӣΪȡůڳǽһѾׯԺҹǵȴһ׽˵ǵɱԽ޶
ʵ˭ףֻЩץķˣ׽ȥ׽
ʲô취أ˱ǿֻ衣
շת˺ܶ࣬ȻļҲ֪Ҳ϶Ҫģ·
ڵűɱʱȴַ⡣һҹﱻϳߣΪҪ̤ϻȪ·û뵽ȴǱЩ˲¹ͷĺһΡӦˣɱɱʲôʱɱҲνȻ˳˴Ǯ꺢ӣǰתһ֡
벻ЩСС˵ôȻֹһ
˵ģжô̰п᣿
ǰ·ôҲȥ롣
֮ɼҲûõġ
ֻģ˰ڲ
Ƕħʱ⣬ôüǲ룬ҲǱϾʺħֵطԵúڰ죬ħ˻һеһۿԿͬеȴûʲôһ
ǣΪʲôǼǲʱأ
ܼǵõģЩȥǣټ˴ˣȻ󣬹һλججӣͶָɳұǣȥѰᣬܵӵãܵĻҲҪ취ȥȵ¸š֮ҪΣȴһҲûн
Ҽǲ߱ҵ˳ʲôӣǵħķλǵħ״˶á
һжôģ塣
ҴóԭһħĵʺǶʱҿ־塣ǸпܵǣħΪ˲й¶ںܣʲôֶλҩ޷ļԼ
һֱ֣ħǳ취͸ȥĲǺһġǣǵҪʲôأԺҪôҲûнҪ̽ϢŻʲôֽţһֲᡣңЩ뿪ħ֮᲻ᶼԹǵķԸȥôܹ֤Щ˲ԶԶӿأҲѰҲҪѹܵˡ˵͵ɷʴף
֮ǵķԸԣֻ
ΪҲ֪Ҹȥʲô¡뿪ħ֮󣬾ڸСתһᡣҵҲʦʲôӣܻȥҸ£ԼҲͿԡ
ֻǣû˵ļ
һպͣɽ
㲻Ĳ
ҵȻǲʲôħָɣҲܵǵצȥ캦ɽ顣ǡ
ʼҵһĲ
ûպֻͣǣҲ֪˵𣬸ô˵
ȻԸˬʣûֳʲôаɣһһ⡭һպһֱƭ
Ϥʱ򲻻˵Ϥ֮ȴҲ˵
Ϊʱļģڵȴ򵥳ʵֿ֣ܶʱԼǶξֻԼһˣûʲôܣûʲôûС
һ죬ʦħ֣ȻҴ䣬Щ飬һΪԼѾȫˡ

58

ųһ
ʵɽһ״ŵı£Ǽÿɽʱ򻹶ŴСȵ񣬶š
ĺ˼
ȻŲѣ޶ʱ֮ǰ͵ͿˣϾһҪɵ˵ëǴӦܵţҲҲģܵð˲ܷġ
ֻǣأ
̧ͷɫǿˡղлסµ룬ڵĵ֮ȥҸסĵطȻҪ꽽ˡ
סҲˡҹĨǵĴһȦǿŵĵط˼Сջסһʮģ۸˵ˡǮǮʦֵģҵģȻһáȻɽϣҪġ
ҴЩǮϣһ㲻̤ʵʦ˵ǮǵǮĻȥŲ¡˵һ˰ɣ˵ǵأո˲ŵ󡣴Ǯ¶±͵±ģǶ鷳¡
˵еʱ˵ĺ⣬δض˴ô
ʱ򣬷鷳
ڣҰǮͷԱߣ˲١˾Ͳˡ˵Сջ߻̾ĶУת˵Ǯͻᱻǹ⡣СĿɲС
˳Էʱû취ǮϣȥȥԷҪһףһɣŴ಻ҪǮȡȷƵ˸뱥Ȼĺࡣⶫ뼱Ҳģ̡̫
Ųˣ֮ͦСĴУ󿴿ҿģ⹦ҲĲһ˻첻
ЩʲôĶУӶٻ˼ҽװϲ£һֱ˵ֿź͸Ź壬ǷǳС¡
˾̤ʵУЦ
ûļͥɽϵʱ򣬴ҲĻ⡣
ٽЩ˵Ļȴע
˵ǽһаеʿûã֪ʲôаúõĹŪ˲˹ġ
ġ
а
ʲôɾĶ֣
٣ȻһֻǸССɽӣҪССֵģû׼ͻᱻҸס
˵һһλʦ֪λ᲻顣
һ㶼ϡ
ҿɫʵ̲סȥһ
ħ֣򲻹Ҳܣлڡ
ɽϵʱʦʦҲһЩôаַŵʱȴûлһ¡
ǻʦ˵ɽԦΪéɽʿһ֧רܸЩ顣Ҷéɽʿûʲôƫ˵ǵʿܱȸйϵ׽㡣
Ұһں꣬Ž󲽵߳˿ջ
˵ĵطӦòԶȻѾڹ˳ţĳǽҲֻܵסһˡ
ǽǣҸоṦҲѾ˵ĺܲˡ
ץĻṦеġ
ҳ֮Ŵ·һֱߣſջ˵ģȻû߶ԶͿһС壬ҵȷһԺǽȱ޵룬Ժ滹̽һᲱ
ˣ
վԺǽ⿴һʱòҪǽȥվͷ䡣
ΪԼİȫ㣬Ȼǵ汣ա
ǵ棬ʲôҲɡ
һƮƮԾǽͷһۡ
ȻסڳǽȻͦǮģһټ䣬ԺҲƽ룬Կߵ԰ﻹ˲ٻݡ
һ󡭡ûŵʦݹģаûµϢ
Ҳû飬治
пҹʲôҲֲˡ
ţȴŵһζ
ζ
һ˼ҵͬɽζŶˡ
ĴʦҪˣ
øϡ
ҪλʦʵܰаˣҲ͸ѧ˱¡Ҫˣ˵һܿʲôŵЩæ
ڷԾ϶èᡣ
ڿһԺȻѾ˵̳֧㰸ֽһŵ۵վм䣬һ߻иС׸ţԶԶģվһ߿ţųѣһһŮ֣ܾ˼ң¶㷲ģֵǣֵֻ̿ı顣мǸʿĿΣһǡ
ԺԵñȱԺҪ£ҲǰֽǷɫɴǸаĹסˡ
ڵʱûʼ
ݶϷԹۡ
ԺǸ˵ʦǣһ͸ͣͲԾˡ⡭ۿʱֲˡ
Ǹʿǻ˵Աⲻصģҵ޻ؾˡ
Ȼײ
Ҵ߾裬ſһ֣ڴһչֵĻᡣ

59

һĽʱӦúֻ̹ǹ˵
ǵһȻƽûʲôĵط
ǸʦҲеʱ򰡡
ðɣǴʱҲƽԵе㱥ɢһ
ٵ˰죬ҵֽŶе㽩ˣûſ̫ˣ±µ˷һֱһƣʵеԲ
ôֽô
ǴʦɵˣԲʼԼֲοڲó֣ƾһͰŵ˶ԶӲ¶ȵȵȵȣûĹΣѾ֪Ƥʮ˵áˣҲóһ㡣
λͷĴʦ׻᲻׽ΪֲˣԿǿ
ҴǷ˰·Ҳûú֣ܵеë
ҵһڿջôʱأڴЩ죬ѾѸţǼⶼһˣպ֪ħ£ҳɰʦѧһʼҲΪȻһûԺҲϾǼЦЦܹȥ¡Ҳʹһ٣ֻƿڴҰνҲпܣѾףҾԲʧȥǣ£ܹԶס
ңʼռǲħľҲǿ鲻СĲħɳ̽ʲôģǾôǳ˲ܣǲǰæһ
ûпǵֶΣһеİɣ
ɽʱҲ˲ⷽ飬еļù֯͸³ԶҩڸҩʲôġֻǿŶԷļ˵в
֮һʲô취˼䶼Ѿοħ
Ƿ·һʱõĶҩѰħЩһԴΪв˺ڵʦţʦʦ֣Сպ͡
ԸýͱԼҲԸ˵պһͷ
ԽԽ£ԽǣԽԽߺޣֻþģԼȥ롣
ǣһжܾġ
Сʱһ˵Ĵˣѵҿѡ𣿱ܸ㱻ŪӿħҲûܣ⡭Ҳܹѡġ
ֻǡ
뿪ħ֮պͣɽԼѡ·
ûھͲΪա
ǣһһΣѡһѡ

ô࣬ô࡭
أ飬ůػ֡
Уõۣ˵ҡ
λʦѾ̯ˣҲ뿪СԺ
ûֿҲֻûȥ
뿪ǷԾΧǽ
ССܰżйĽ
ܺãԵ·Ҳ塣
һû߳С壬Ȼʹһҽ

һվסŻع
ⲻǸղλੲݿ亣ڵĴʦ
ѵ
ҹ˲ö룬һֽס󼱸ϡ
紵ϣеζе㲻ˡ
еȣе㡭ʲôõĶζһھ˾ؿƵķǳоҪ³һ
ʦζ
٣ĲͨСʲôһɣȻĻζģԸ֣ʦǵľ̸֮ȥͿǲҪ̫ҪСıʲôúĶմϣûиʬ֮Ȳ˵֮Ƕմʵţ·Ҫմ϶Ҳϴζֻ㡣
ǽʱԺѾղôˣ˷ֲ˭ģеĵղλ˵Լһ˱Ĵʦ
ĿǸղСԺҵĽ˳һݵò֮ĳʣȻȥ֣Ժηסˡ
ԺûʲôµĹ֣ղǹȳζˡǸʦͷķ̳תһʮСŸںͷ׷ϡͷɢһҺӣǿվһԴСвǰǸʦߵСҲһ˿ȥæʦǸʹϺȡ
أ
ѵǸСﱻˣ
⣬ʦûҪô찡
ֲ룬λŴ󸫵СȻվס˽ţһ˫۳ҵ˹
ҾһߣԲСǣģ
ţ
ǰѴ󸫾ת򣬳˹
٣úã
ҿܲᣬһµġ
һΣѿĸͷܿ
ڱһ顣
ôλͷɲС
ҿɲܺ͹ƴ㡣
Ķһʼﻹй˼ɣϾʦǶԴһ£ͱ˶һˡǹ˼оͷ֣Է˶һһ㣬ʵһûʲô·Ҫôûǻ治¡
ιιŮһ߲ŴСС
УŮҪ˰
λλлû
ҵҲ˵ǹؼǶԷƺǲ˵
ҲеǣСǱˡҪҲѣֵǹСŮ޹Ҫˣ˵ȴ尡
⵹еѰ졣
ѽ򣬴ѽ
ҵû⣬ԷĴˡ
ҲǣʲôСϣСӵ޵ģôصĸͷô죬۲Źء
Ȼֳ
ͼСҡһҡ͵ˣվĵطȴһ߳߸ߵģֵ˵ġ
Է໽ųһ浣СŮû¶һϽӭУ취һߡֶ̫ôģһ򣬲޵ҲתսǸϽľͰѵڵϵŮˡ
λʦ
Ҵ򶷵ļ϶ĿһɨûӰˡ
٣ŵĨ͵ıҲˣƤӵĹ
ֻ֪ǽʬǹֵļһûʲôģҴ˵Ĳʲô̫вһʵᡣ
ҳ׼ֱֱȥ·ӣóһɫĹȦ˳ȥɽľͷһһﱻ˺ü飬ͻͻķ׷ɢڵء

һ֮ˡ
ǰӻӣҲɢζ
޶źսսĿҡ
İɣûˡ
һʣǱ£ǹ·ģ˳ֽ֡ʣŮô
󡭡˯ˣѡ
߹ȥ޵Ǻܷĵҿ
Сܰ꣬˯һ
Ҳ¶۵ģôĸͷ죬ˡ
ҪǵģȴԶÿ͵Ĳ˷Ӳ˵ҪúøлҡʵҿŻˣҸ׳ġ
˵ʵҲͦ۵ģ˳ˮ˯ϣǵʱ򣬲ЩǮҡ
٣⵹
ҲûȨҵˡ
ҳŵʱ򣬲˵ǰû£ǰͲǺ̫ƽеŹֵаŵֳ
Ҳû⣬һĵʿţǸʦƵġҲԼͬŵ̨ǼһﳹͷβľǸƭӰ

60

½üأҽЩССֵĿɰ˽˼ʶʱձ˵лʱǮʱ˼ûǮһٺ÷ҳԡҲΣҵǮ˼ҩԡ
ǲôһ·ҾԼĽͶԸľֱǣٲǳé®ͷһ
мҲȷʵ֡ɽϵʱûʦ˵ô̫ƽǶ˵ʱ̫ƽĺܣ׽ֶܵɽҰֻȥôôҵرûر𲻺ãһ·ϴҲСҲУҲ̫ܽƽʢֱȺħ̫ƽʢ
һʱ䵽ߣҲŷ֣ʵΪûͷȴһ̶ķ
ʼϷȥ
ʵȥگɣ
ȥɽպǲôòãǲǳʲô£̫ƽ
ȻԼû׵Ⱦ͸Լ¶ԶѡһҷֵʱҶѾһ·ˡ
ۻͷȥ
Ǽȥ
ۻȥҲûʲôȥҪȥĵطεﶼһ
ȥȥ
еԥ˵Լԥʲô֮һҪȥͦѡ
һûлͷ
ȥȥӲŤһȥҵĴҲԼųܵǸһȥˡ
ȻﻹŤֱ˳ŲȲˣ
˵ҵĲ棬һҾܡ
Ҳպ͡ǣһ㡣
ǣҺһ
Ҳ±ġ
ֻ£Ҳҽܻ˺
һԼҲƲԼ
һֱìܵ˼룬ȽȴǺܿģһ·ͣͣ
Ϣķɿ죬˲ͬʦֵǵϢƺҶ˲鷳飬ȻǲԹ۵ģȻһȥɽӵĴˡ
ҾǾú֣ôһҹ֮ðôССˣӵصĲɣһԤҲûС
⡭᲻ǸʲôԤأ
ѵҪô
ʲô˵֮
ҡҡͷЩЦ
ǺʲôϵأҲǸСĳʲôҳϰϵ
ͬʦֵܵϢһŵģ˭ˣ˭رӢ䣬˭رǣȻԶǲ˺ܶˮǵѴԭòϤġ֪ǵȷ˹ֲƽ£Ҿ;һɳ졣ҲеҲϤһʲôģϴЩ˽ʱʵڴ̫ףֻźЦһ㲻죬ӦǸɽʦ֣ҲҲĲ̫档֮˵Ҫ˺ЩΪǳħһ
˵һλʦţʱһ¡
ȻԽǰߣλʦֵԽЩ¼ҲԽĹ˴ĺ·תӡҶɣɽʲôʱôһôһҲ֪أôҲ˵һɣ
ҾԼˣʦҲҸտʼϣȴһʮο⡣ʵǿ׽ĹͣУպһΡ֮ǸĪ˫޵Ч
ҪûպͣʵǸƽͨˡ
Ǽôõңȴʦֵҫ۹⻷¾еƽ⡣
˵ʲôأôô
һ˵Ļأ˵ɱһʲô˵һʲô֣ģ˻ữǧһ֮пͬʱɲͬط
ЩӢ¼һˮ̫Ǵţ
ҰѲ϶
еӲĲ͸
ȻЩת˸ȻϴתǱ࿡Ϊ˺ʵXXOO^%$$^$*i*&()ʡһݴʣ֮˼˰һƬط˲֪˲Сϱһ־ʵɵһ֮㣬죬ǰ;
ƾʲôѽ˵ʲô˲ʲôôʶȥˡ
Ҳô˵·ϳһЩССһҲǸɽֹĿǶҳǷɱЩħֵֻҪƺͿʼˣã˼ҵƾ־Ϳ۲֪ʡ˶ٱ
XXʲô˲𡭡
ˣ˵ֻһΣģǲסЩһӢ۵ģûһ֣Ȼ֪ȴԸȥ
ߣҪˣҪдһ˭
һ϶ãЩħֶСɫ״򷢣ֿ϶һСԣŴô죬ߣ黪ʵ
گѾԶˣ߼·Ƭɽ룬Ҳ͸õˡ
պôˣ
϶벻һɣ
ڡ
ڻѱߣǸɲݺ̸ǣϿֻӳԵ̫ţԺֱ㧡忾죬һģʱǿʱ
л㱵ģѾگҵɽҲ֪ôž͵պǰˡǼһﲡ˿ҵֿ˵˾֢ãʮ᲻ơ̲סޣǧҪҲû㡭
Ȼһº͵ʣû˭
һۣиվߣ΢΢ͷҡ
ҼΪԼУٿûΡ
ǡǡ
⣬̫̫ͻȻ˰ɣ
еͣʦ֣
ôϵһͻȻ֮ͳˣ¹͸֦Ҷİ߲ң˿ܵһжһ㰵ɴ
ͻȻðͷʦְɣʲô˱仯ʦֵƭҵģⲻûܵ¶ǣǡ
ˣ΢΢һЦҸˣ㣬Ҳɽôˣó㽭飬ôһ쵽Ժģһֱͷ㾹ȻһҲû
ʦ
գգۣӵкһʦ֡ˣ̲סʣʦôأ
˵Ҳˣ
˵ǵģҹġ
ЦЦҹµİ￴òô
ղμʲôˣ
һû˵ͣͣԼ˵μպ˰ɣ
Ҳ˼˵ǣҲû˵ǡ
Ҫȥ𣿡
Զ׼ģҲû˼Ҳס
ҵͷ

61

磬˯һɣ˵
˯ȫޣҡͷ˵ˣ˵ɡʦ㼸ʱµɽʲôʱҺͷˣ
ЦһĻѾˣһ΢΢ĺɫͷڻҽ档һߵĸ֦ȥ˲ѣҲԵø
ȫˣȻϵóʦ־ʦ֣ʲôɽȱ仯ġ
ǸɽûãҲһݲɽˡ˵Ҳûȥһ˵֣һƺྫСð£Ⱥħͷʮ䶼̫̫ƽƽģһɽʦڿҲѾϢֻǲ֪һң䣬Ǳʲô鼴ļ󡭡
ҵͷȷ
ɽʦֵǴҲϢȥʦҲ֪Ϣˡ
ǰ
ЩҲܾãһмǲɽ¥أ
뵽ħ
ȥ룬Ҳ벻ͷֻԼӻ̻̲ա
ǰˣ㲻ڶԸһֻҰôҵʱʲôʧҲû¶棬һԸţӦͦãʹթҲûϵҲĺܲ
ЦЦͷ˵ʦֹˡ
ţ뿴ڵĵôҲû¶к·㽣ٵо鶼ˣҿôȴҲûзĲңĴġ
˵ᣬġһ˵һ߰ڻѱߵķֽóҪʲôаļһ뿿ңûôס
ʦֽӹȥ˵ǣȴ˵ġеʲôأ
˵ô˿϶Ҳ۵ġ˵ܻˣһû
ʦֻҡͷȻ˵㰡ʵҪ˵£ôȹǿ٣
ǣ˵Ҳûд
һ˽ӽӦǿġ
ʦֲһˣĹҸûзҲѽ
ʦֵܼڵˮƽ˵жãǱȽʦʦֵĽǿʦӦÿƽ֣ṦӦöҡ
ʦֱȣŲ໹һصġϾʦİͽôȻǣϳ
˵ʦֽѵˡǲʦûСͽܣɽϹ˵ʦֵģһҾѵ
һ£ȻЦˣ㰡ôû˵ʲôĿҵĽ棬ȸղԵࣺܶ𣿡
ҵͷܺõġǰѽǰѴӮ˾ԭûһֱţɽʱҲûдһ˵лʦ֡
ҿʲô
ͷ΢΢Щбҹʱ֡
˵ʦЪɣҹ
һЦҪҲ̫㧡
Ȼ˵ۣƺڰ
һ¹ͷ֦Ҷ©£ϣԵá
Щ䣬Щ⡣
ʦֺɽϸʱˡ
ʲô£
ǡ
ҡҡͷȥ롣
жŲܸ߱˵ܡպͣҲûʵĸҡҡҲиҪ
ʦֵȻҲ˽⣬ӦҲ޷ڿڵİɣȻĻôὫһأ
һɽİ˯ӿҲһƺձ۲ˣʦ߶ۣһʱ
ȻɽϣҲ˯̫ɹϰɣʦýżⴥңֺЦ˵㲻ˣ·ˣ
գգۡ
̫Ѿˣּһϸһ£汻¶ˮĳġҰѽһʦ֣ѡ
˵ҪģзĻ͸ˡ
ܹⲻȥҲ֪˵Щʲô
ϴŸʲôģˮˮпȥó̸ϵģû⡣ʦֳԵĲࡣҰˮõʱң·ô
ҵͷ
ʦʲôأ
ʱҲʳˣʦִȥأ
˵ûʲôطȥ
ҵӶĿ죬û뵽Ѿ˵ˣǲͬ·ɡ
һҾͺˣ
ãպһõľʦֺһôڿɺãȥǸʦͬͬ·ô룿ʦδؾûʲôطȥֻ˵˵仰ǡ
ʦ־Ȼͷ˵ãҺͬȥɣ·ҲӦ
ôôˣ
ҰյֱҧͷֲٸĿ˵ʦȥˣȻ鷳顭
ʦʣôˣ
ֻ˵û£ûʲô¡
˵߰ɡ
ǡ
ԭ·ʱŲ죬ȴó͵ĺܡ
ڴպ͵һӱЩϻ̳Ͽ֣оԼǧȥ̽ˣǧűķˣԽԽôѼͷ
˵ʦֺպͲǺܲ·ô˵ദʱֲֶ̣ܲʦΪʲôԸһȥպأ
ԽԽס
ʦ˾Ǹ󴺷ˮƵˣദܡ˵;ķ羰˵ɽԴɽһЩ飬˵ڼ֮أ㡪¿ûʲô֪飬ʦȻҲЩ飬ϲ֪ʶҲûôԨ
治֪õЩ֪ѧġ
պһﶯͳʦֵĴף˵һΪԼû˼Ҷ࣬ʡ
ټϣҲҵԭ򡭡
ʦֶңʵǺͶԱ˲ͬ
ǰûЩҺպ͵Ĺϵһ֮ʱҲţʦ᲻Ҳ
ֻ뷨һðͷͱˡ
ãϵˣպ䲻ɵĿɲ࣬ʦôôҲϲأϲʲôֵϲģһ޲Ŷò²ƷҲһ㡣ҪϲһӣҲ϶һϼѵѡɣ
ôһߴһϹĥһ߸··ǻ˳ֲһûС֡ʵеľ־Ͷḁ̊́ڷصûʬΪʳ۾ﶼǺγεĹ⣬ٷչһ¾ͿԸĳԻˣܹϢ¡
ͣһСϣȻԵĶϿζܳ϶ķȲȲˣҲûʲôˡ
ʦְѳصǲֶ˳ԣҿһЦҳԲߡ
ϣ
ҲӦɣܲǣҳͦԶʡҳԵİɣ
϶ǵġԲǵġ
ֻôܲţʵƵĲùֱֲӵʦ֡ʦǲϲңʦֵϲҵϲֲɵӿ϶ǲʵġ
ֻǣֻǡ
ǰû˶ͦͦգԭһôƲ顣
С̳Է˲٣λ߷ڣӢΰɽʦһͣ
ҵʣʦ֣ɽʱ˵ʦ𣿡
ʦһ룬ҡҡͷ
ãҾˡ
ɽʱն̣ǳʶҲͰˣôʦҲû˵أ
ٶЩλӢ¼Ǽֲ˵ˣĶ̸˱ġҲ˶ֻø·
°ǵĻΧתˣʦûô棬Ҳ˵ôʵѵáҪлüһ֮ͬ以ѧϰдһҲ¡
ʦ˵̹󷽣ɼҲôġ
ȾͱǿһЩ޺ۺء
û¶ޣһɽнסġ˼ǷмշһŴдǡҿǴͷ˵ʦ˯ɣڵ̲ݾˡ
ҡͷϣһˣҲ֣Ҳ˯¡
ҡͷϡЦҪպ֪Һʦ˯һŴҲŹء
ˣ㿴ңҿ㣬Ըòڴǰˡ

62

㿴ңҿ㡣
ʦȻºͿǹȴִܹҪôȥڴǰվһҹҰҲһ㣬˵Կء
ѡһ˯أʦ˯϶⡣˯˯أҾ̫ʣ˯¡һ𼷴˯պͽҪ֪ˡֵˡȻиѡǶ˯¿Ŵû˯ɵӲŸɵ¶
ô۵С۵ģ˺һҸЦ˵ʲôһ㧣ʦ˯ҳȥתת
ʦҲЦЦãһȥɣҲ˯

ֻͷߣʦָ󣬽ŲỺ
ѾȫɽеҹرžǺܲСʮ壬ҪһԲ̣ɽֿգԵԲࡣʦֵͷûô룬еɢҵڼϣ¹£еһˮһڼŹ⡣
Ǿݺתһתû߶ԶһƬ֣ҲȥɢתͷӱԵⲽ˳ʣʦ֣㶨Ȼٵ飬ҾϺûʲô¶㲻á
ͣһ²˵ʱãҲûʲôô
ô᣿Ҳ죺˳˵ƷΨж߰˵ʶ־Ͳ鲻֪ãһءһϲˡ
Цô
ͻȻã⻰е⣬Ͻһ䣺ţΪԼûʲô飬ʶҲôЩһֱرˣʦʦ㡣
һһ˵㡭һֱû䣬Ը񡣡

ţҵȷһֱģһʼʦֽʶֵʱҾһϻ̳ϿֵļʽѧҪù±Ǯʶգһ߬ŵֱ£޲ܰѱʸ˶նôʹд֣һͷˣձʵҲѵͨۡ
ǻʦĵĺܣҲ꣬Ҳջһֱº͵ĸңӦôӦô
˵ʦ־ʦһ
պƫƫƵģŪҿмòΪѡȻȻҺպͣϵǸһ㣬ҪҺʦμ˵ͬеİˣҲʵ첻
պһʱ̫һ㣬Ҳ˳˼԰ɣ
ʦֵʣʲôأ
ţûʲô
ҿĲ棬¹£ʦҲûʲô飬Եеĸоһ˫ȴ󾲾ˮһ̽ŵס
ȷĻʦʲôʱ򶼸һˮĸоպ;ͲǣһҵȼյĻҫۣԵҲĸһ𷢻跢ȡ
ÿ˶£ʦֵҲصĺ
ʵҵ¸Ӳܹ֪Ҵţڲһ֪ʱᱩ¶ĶһӱԼܣһֺŪǲʲô׵ħûʲôֽšʲôаңôɽϳôãʦͬųϰҶûһ˷ʲôԼҲоʲôطס˰
ɽϵݱŲȵ죬΢֪ʲôʱİףɽּ䡣
е㷢Ҹͷʦ֣ǴΡɽ㴵ʲôͦġǰ֪òҶӾʹôÿҲ̽Ұɡ
˵Ҳûʲôѵġ⻹ǣǰ˽̸ҵģҵʱûѧôòã֡û˽ˡ
е㲻ȣҿһۣûнʡ
Ȼ˵ˣȥɡ
ݣȰѲڵ£һһϯһԣٺЦ˵ˣʦҲ˯ɡ
ޱѸٵĶŪһʱûعȵһͷˮĿڸ֮ѾˡıЩЦԷǣվ￴ңҡҡͷ˵㰡
ҲûٺЦЦ˵Ƣǡ
Ȼ仰ȴû˵ʲô£ϴ
һ·ȴ˯ˡʦڴϷĶƺҲû˯š
ɽеĺİůͣȴһɽԻķҲʯľģԸоˮһ˿˿ƵĴǽŷ
ʦ߲ͣҲˮһƽͣô
˵䡣
Ȼ־һһû˯ţҲ϶š
Ȼʦ΢ЦҾһҲ֡
ֻЦƺϰߣͺպǼһûҲþ䶼Ц󲿷ֵĻǺģЦ֮˾ڿЦ
Ժģʦʣպһ𡭡ÿ𣿡
ʦֶպ͵Ĺϵ϶ǲµóõ׵˵ͷһΡ
һ£Ȼ̹׵˵ܺðһӣⱲӹĵʱ⡣
ʦͣһ£˵Ǿͺá
ҸֱߵʱҪǵεȥץסʧᣬȵʧȥˡٺڣˡ
һ
Ҳεץס
ҡܲõأ
պ֮ŵϰĶԺԲ㡣
ҵܡһ
ȥ룬պ֪ˣηӦζҡ
ʦ仰Ȼƽ˼ȴܳء
һһ仰ߴתûʳ
ʦѵʧģõҸĻ
ûлΪʲôէһƽȴôĸп
У



û֡
ΪԼȡ˸֣ǸֻһڽУ˽ҵĴºš
ˡ
Ҳ֪ԼԺδҪȥʲôط֪һУǴеʱУҾڲͣĶ飬ʲô飬ʯϵģڼ׿ϵģϵģдƤֽɣֽϵġжٱҲ֪麣д˶á
˼룬òж
ҵʮһ꣬Ҳ֪ʮһᶮöٶӦûҶöࡣ
ҳĵطһϵģܴʯ鲻ڿտĵý·ȻҶúܶ࣬ȻΪһܾ͸ܵĶޱȡ
㡭˭
ͻһعͷʱиԴʯ̽۾Բܴͷ˸ֵӡ
е㺦£ȴͦͦأܴ˭
еɣ˵Ҳ֪
ĳɺ͵ӣһıŴ߹ȥţʯ
еͷԵģȻǿͷߣһҲ÷վǰʱֽŶе㲻֪ΰڷƵġ
޴֪ڲӡ֤
ͽ޴롣
٣һͲʣҸоܳʯģ϶ͨˡ ûˮʳôأ
ʲô֣
Ͷ˼£Сҡû֡
٣һʵۣǸС֣
ҵļ̾Ͱ
һʲôҲС֣ҲҿˣҪء
ʲô֣ʡ
һ£ʵ˵Ҳû֣ӷɿĶһ£˵ҽ顣
ĽĿңҽͣʵأ飬ҽ顭ʵ˳ǵߵˣ˳ʡ
ӣҾ֪Ҳǰ׽ͣҵĻҡĶ˵ʲô顣
еֺĿͷԽԽͣҵͷԽ̧Խߡ
û֣֪ʡ
͵͵һͷؿˡ
ǣҸһ
һ̧ͷԲԲ۾ϣĹʣƽһСһԵģ
ҾȻе㲻ֱƫͷȥ˵ǰʲôѡ
ҵӣȡһɣл
룬˳ָʲôȡһˡֻʯͷȴʲôҲûСվʯϿػƲʣǲȾ˳˵ءòã
ԭ˵ٵ߸˸֡
ȫʲô˼˵۾ԽˮĶңֻЩڡ
ҵģ֣ˣЩ״ΣǸֵӿɵˡ
ҵͷһǺƭô㡣
һżȻģĿʼ
Ҳ֪ôҲûôࡣ
¶֪ʱܾԼر࣬һоա
Ҫ߹ܶ·֮£ŷԼô΢ãһ࣬һ١˵û㣬һ䳱ǳǸʲôɫ
㲻ģ㲻˵ȫ㲻Ϊΰ㲻
ͷ̧ԽߣԽױµĿ
һ·ھƣʱͣӡ
һֱ˭
лסʲô
ЩʱҶ
ʱȴΪԼʲô֪ܡ¶ֻǸԵСɫȫĳݵĿҵԵšʱ룬˭˭
ҵĽĳҡ
пһ¡һֱ׷ȴ֪ԼҪ׷ģʲô
֮ͣϸ;ʱֻû
Ҷ籦ʯģĽʵѤõĻ
վһسϡıʯȴҲѾҵĴĴ˺ˣʧˡ
Ҳ޴Ѱ
һֱܾԺҶǵΡ
ң˭
˵֪Լ˭
˵˵ˡ
ͷβҸģֻȡ֣Уһ鲻ģֵʵơ
ʼգҵģȫȫģܹҵģȫ
Ҹ٣ȴһֱɱһϧ
ҵô࣬ȴһֱȻӲϡ
ɫģһˮһţ˴۾ú䡣
룬һ
룬ٺһ
žңԶģ
ҽ顣
òã

63

Ѿ̤گ߾·ﵽպסĵطʮһ·̡Ȼָͨ˶ԡҺʦֵĽų̣Ҳҡ
֪ýˣﷴһ·̤ʵЩģûûġҾһǰһӣȥͿԿ̫⡣ǣҵıӵܣҲͻᱩ¶ǿ֮£Ρ

ǣ
Ҳ֪
ʦȻ£οңպʮ־϶ʲô£ҲҪġ
ֻЦЦûʲô˵˵ʲô˵ʵǵպͣҵȫһġû˵ֻЦȻһ·
ʦĺԨЩҿرĻ䣬Ҳ֪ǻ֣֪Ǽµ¿֪ǻĸҶʲôĿԵҩһЩСëӹǰżȻ·˵硪һһĽ˵ãϣûʲôѵ
ôḻԨ֪ʶ
ЪһСʵСֻʮ˼ңϡϡɢɽŵ¡Ǯˣ˺ÿͣǮգȵһЩ׷İҸдǡҪ˯ʱɵۡ
ѵЩ˶õҪûдûд£ΪʲôҪڳһſմ
ʦֻһЦҺģûٺҪ˯ϣ˵ɽ˯¸ʱֻЦЦȻɵȥˡұѾԤٴһ˯ذսû뵽ԷȫûҪ˼һӴ˾ȴû˵طʹǸо֣ؿڷǲ
ɲ̵ΨһõĵطֻҪ΢һͿɲݷһʱû˯ţűʦ֣һֱһƲû󹦷;ðе㷢顣
ȻȻһ磬һԾĶΪ巢飬еˮĲɲ࣬صʱûվȡһץסһֳͷ¡
ʦҲ
ǹɷɲʲôͨɽ磬һ·Ͼô֮ҪҲŲҲʵ̫˵ȥˡ
ʦֶϵãץߵĽŰĶȻɵ⿴
־
еɻ󣬻عͷС˵ѵǹ·ģ
ʦһ˼⣺ȥȻֲһ䣺ġ
֪
ܾ͸ղŵİͬͣˣݴǵ͵͵ߴߴĳҲˡӣֻŵһ㵭Ķֱ治ڣдǵһһ˯ĳģûʲô
ʦʲôҲû˵һδű˳ȥһ£ں档Ṧ൱ãȫʩչʱż⼸մء˵⵱ԦСʵԶȫһ£⹦򶥶ԱϷɡҽ棬ҹ˷Ʈڵ졣
Ũ̵ɽҹڵޣ·ŻҪɣĬ˲
׷ʮأʦֵĲӻҸŷٶȣʣʦ֣ʲôˣ
ûʲôֻǡϢܲ·˵һСС֡
ûŽֽ˽
ǡ
ͣΧɨһۡ
ʲôҲоãȻɵһҲҿ
ôˣ
Ҳ첻ʦֵı߷ǽҲǹ·ġ
Ҫأ
ʦ˵Ǿ׷ĳѨˡ
һ¡һֵ֣ĵϣǸжѶԸ·ССǴֵڿ϶һˮƽ
Ȼһ죬ұ̧ܵסţ֪ʲô˽ϣھ𼸺ղס޴ĳƵȥһ󲽲վȡ
ι׷ʮأиǰҺ͵ʿûʲô顣
ʦŲһǡõҺ˵֮䡣ҵԽļǱ߿иµӰͷĿ
ҽͦõģ͵ʿ塣Ҫϲ¹ɽɫ;ͣҲˡ
ʦֵƽͣһ㲻Ǻ˵Ǻʶһ˵Ǻǲǣ峤ڸ벻вߣȴܲС̾һ֮
һͻȻδıĿɰСꡣǲҲǸССĺ꾫أ֪úòã
һϽעǰиĺأ֪ղʲôңɲʱ
˺ٺһЦʿеʶǰһЩһҲԵҪǰߵóȥǾǽѡҪϲӣ볤þõţǾ͸ˡ
˵еɳƣӰһһתۼ䲻Ӱ
߳Ƭӣʲô˼
ʦֲңֻܿһǸ󡣡
ôﲻʱһ𣿳
ȵȣ¹£ּݺύĲ·ôôࣿϸݺᣬӴңֱһ֯͵Ĵղֻһ·׷ϣȫûᡣڲŷܲ򵥡
һκҶϹ⡭ǴĸģҰϣĿͶʦ֣ҿЦܵģ룬аԲһ£Ҳôƽ⡣˵Ҷ·ɲôеġ
⵹ҲǣʦֱϾɡ˵ɣҲ϶ȱ㡣
գգۣҲգһۡ
ô죿

64

Ҫ˵֣λǲҡȵǿʼ·ȥʱȻһ㵭ķۺɫϣ·Ѿ˿塣ǣй˿˿ζ˭֪ʲôʦָұƣԾϷѰ뿪ķ
¹ֻһƬãȻĺѹ治巽ͷԽԽԵңԶʡµ뾡뿪ǲˣ꾫е㱾¡
ʦҩݸңҺҽӹţֻҩ΢΢Ŀζȴ˾þһ
ǵÿߡʦüͷͷһμ¶ԵǣҴˡ
СʣĶô
ֻ˵鷳ҩҲֻԹһʱ
еҵıĲңҪֻʦһˣز˽
˵
Ǿɫ·ȻԽԽأ쵽ҲָĵزʦֵݹץĽԷɢĽֱҲŷԼȫ亹
ʦֵĽŲܿ죬µĲҶڽŲ䱻̤죬ȴһȦƺֻԭ̤һΧŨɣûκθı䡣
ʦǰһŵͣ͸ԵңԶ翣ôûﲻ
ĿζѾûһʼôˣؿҲеơһߺԼϺȣһߴ˵Ҫûʲô߿ɡ
ʦһ˵ǰƺһ˵˵ǽƺֻ֣ʱЩˡû˵ƽ֮
Ҹæ˵һ룬˵а취
˵ЪЪҪһ룬浽ô˵ġ
һڲݴͷԿģһС·һͷûŨȥ
ĿζˣҾؿƵĺܣͷҲģò첻֪ſһ
ζŨһӹؿڡ
ҸϽٱסؿƵĸоԽԽǿˡҾѪӿͷۼԱߵͻͻţ˲
ʦֵģ
ƺʣôˣ
죬Լشһ仰֪Լشһʲô
ȻһֻҵĶͷϡ
ֻôһһҼۡ
Ǹңһʦ֡
۾վǰȴպ͡
գһۡ
պ͡
ǾΥĿѣòϤģһֱŵĲõЦݣһ˲ô˵
ôָҵϣҾԼһ̿κϸ΢ұȼָʵûôֻ̫ȵԵʲŻָо
鷳ˡ
˵˾ʲôѾұۣһʧصΣգһ̤
촽˿ʲôҳζ
ƣؿƵķۡ
̲סſҪһֹֻҵĶסҵ촽ҲģĺָԵúᡣ
ҵȥһ¡
ģָоڳջ
ҿκһԼһĶ·ͿеĻȣΣգ벻
ֻֽסˣȻ˶ҵ赲Ҫƿ
ſ۾һۿĺ
ʦǰº͵¶ЩƵģҵ顣
ֻһ˲䣬ֱպ͵ݡˮ⵴˫ۣϸ¹⻬һƤ¶ƤģЦݡ
֮ĺܳһʱ䣬ме룬ǴŻЦ˵ؿģĻʲôûУߵжġʱܿƵľеΪʲôΪʲôһѶϢ
촽ˣ˵ʲô
벻ĶҲ֪ôͻȻߵġֻ֪ʣЩʵĴ𰸶ϡ
֪Ϊ˼ΪѹΪ˼ĺ
֪Ҳ֪ģֻǡֻǡ
Ƿңͺͻش
һס֣˺ţԡ
Ϊʲô뿪ôã
ǲǲںң
ǰЩ㶼˵˵ֻƭҵİɣ
ƺЩҿó˵ʲôʲôֻʲôҲ壬Ҳ
ֳȥսţȻȥصҧס촽
彩סˣղƾܺȫʧ
еңҧڰ죬۾һߣպ͵ı飬ıܸӣ̫̫ģ˿Ѿֱ治Ķ
ҽоԼһǴӸߴ׹һģ޷ƺ͵ֵĻȡ
ҵĴһĴϣΨʧȥһշת˱Ȼ˫ֳĽڣ̽ѵ¡
ļϺõϸһ⻬£ҲĵֿǣƺôҪƿҡ
Ľѹ£˺ű˴ϵڱΡ

65

һģȺĴΡ
ȻҲ֪ΪʲôҲ
ҼǵĸоĴУȻǵģǽȵ壬ܵܵİҵʱ˵ĸоϴβһϴҵ壬ҽͬǽһֻλ˲֣ͬΪʲôͬʱԸоԼߣͬʱ׹䣬ֽȻͬìЭšԼģһܿеͬʱһڻ̿ʧȥƵΣա
ʹּиоؿʹʲôװ̫͵̫ףҪѿҪҪƵʹ
ȼҲѵʱպͷ͵͵ĺܵͣעĻܻΪҹϸϸĳҲ۵ģͣ
ĲԸ⣬պͿһŰ߿ɣӦǿԵģһʲôҲԲԿϿ϶ֻԸⲻԸ¶Ըǿȵ顣ԣȻû߿ңôΪʲôƳֱΪΪȻûʲô飬Ҳᣬ϶۵ģΪҶԼĲŪʹѣ϶ֻ۲Žܻ֮ᱻʹⱩһ٣Ȼˬʹ죬ȵʱҲ̫
ţҰĹǶӿˣôҲͶ֪ˡ
ĺܿ֡
һκպһʱ򣬵ȻҲܿ֡
ǣҲеŤ
ȻƯʱһһ룬Ϊʲô棿ǸӣҪʰɣ
˵һûǼٵģ֮Īʧ٣һǣѩһڷֿʱԽԽôҰο⻹ʼջǽ⡣
ǵõǣ۾ʱ򣬳һɬζ
ˣ
ҵĺεϣ
ŲǺΪǰˮĿζҪصöࡣ
üëԭȽӲ촽ǹȥˢȥʱе̴̵ĸо
üëİ
ԭʵϺͿһ
̫̫飬ԭǲͬģǣⲻֻͬ˻ֻȻģ²õӡ֤á
֪£˽ΡϤϵÿһƤÿһζÿһطԸϤԼָһϤһУ롭һжԺ룬ֻҪӵ
˯ĺܳ졣
Һ˯˺ܾúܾá
ûǸֵıΣε˱ġ
иˣվǰ˵Һϲ
Ǹû˵
˭أպ
ǵģ֪ǵġ
պͲôҶպ˵һϲ϶Ҫʮپģܲõ黰䶼Ҫʷḻ˺սһһ
ңպ͵ʱҲеۣе㲻˼е㻼ûʧе㡭ʲôУûôȻƽ˵֮ǰѾ֪˴𰸡
ֻǻҪ˵
պ͡
˺µȻǲܽģֻܾһĻǵһξǰҲ
ߣʲôʱһĻ
Ŭȥ˼ʱˡ
ǰһ˲˴۵Ľɫüֺ̧ϣסйϵ⡣һʱ벻ʲôطҲֲʲô⡣
˼ۣҲŷԼһô£ͷ֦ҶҶĵķ϶©Ҳ֪Լ˶ãƿҲûбһ䣬ᱳӷܵ˵
һλͷ飬ȻŻŵĺʦ֣ʦ֣

һعͷʦվڲԶһ£ɫЩ԰ף˵ʱЩ㡣
ʦ֣Ҳеͣ˯Ļе㽩飬һߵȥ
ʦֵ˵üû¡
ҷеεЦЦǰˣ׷һֻǺֽһƬӣȻû߳ȥһЩǺɫʹ²֪
˵ȫ֪Ҳԣ롭
֪Լ˸ʵĴΣʵƺǹ⻬ĴСպ͵ƤҵȻģֻ¸̫ã벻ﻹôʵĸо
ҡһͷ˼ǲ˺ĵˣҼǵú˼Ǹ
ʦһ£۹ӣͷתһߣ˵ǣ㱻ˣһֱ˯ڲѡ
Ѿµˣֻô˵ǲĺܡҪۣʦֿ϶߳Ƭˡ
ǺʲôأҿܣĺѾˣּŵ⣬ּĵ·ҲԶңǷֲСȫƬͨ֡
֣ôǸˣ
ʦûͷָָ̫ķ򣺡ǺĻ֣֮һĻжҲͲˡǴģǱȥɡ
Ҹһ߰Ͽ컺ϵĽ飬һ˵ʦ֣㣬ʵڶԲסܡ
ζһ£ǰߣ˵ţҲûʲô²Ҫˡ

еƽ
תת뵽ʦҲסССһķҲȴ˹ȻﱻһҹЩ
ұ
ãͲᣬʵ֪ȻԽԽáҪǴɽȥʦֵ֪ǵ°ͶЦˡôûѧȷǳԿСȵٻɽȥôķӣһҪʦ̵ġ
ǣȻĴΣ࣬ȻϸڶǵãǣǣҵȷһΡ
涪˰֪֪ҵʱʲôʲôûУҪǸʦֿ֪
⣬ûˡ
Ҽ߳˳˳š
ʦʼûлعͷҲû˵ʲô
ҰοҴ̫ˣӦòᱻݵġ
ʦ֡ûʲôɣ
ΪʲôͿıӰؿȴӿһǣһƬеĲ

66

ص޵˼ҲžúЦʵҲûʲôҪ·һСȡ˶˼ʮöǮϣǸ뿪
ʦһֱû˵ʲôǼ˸ʱҲǵͷ̶̵˵һ䡣һֱʦִΪס鲻á˵ǳé®ˣȻССĺ˰ӣʵûǸ˵ȥʵʦֲô⣬Ҫ¶һ˻׼ûߵóȥһһҹʵģҲҸ˵˳Ĭ·һֱĬ
˵ϺҹϵˣӦպ͡Ǻദʱģʦ֡
պһʱ̤ܲʵСıϣڿз裬һһ£һܸһἱ䣬ķ˿Ҳ˾òʦһʱؿǺƽȣ̤ʵġʲôҲȥģΪʦܻ㵣֮ǰͰǸİ취һĴ˾ðɿҲһ鰲Ĭɽʯ˿ž;òҡġ
ôɽʯƽʱĬˣͣԷʱҲˡС̿ߵϣطɫʳ֪ʲôĥķıееˣп̵ģͷʲôζһ㣬ǲԵùߣҲѳԣûġ
ͷĲһĲ˿һеϸͻȣѾСܶ˵óõһˣȻеӲе̣һǳԵͦģô˵Ҳȿиúá
ʦֿ϶£룬Ų¡
ʦֲôССԵˡбķģһҲûжͰһЩԵĻࡣ
ЮЩˣС˵ʦ֣Ե㣬ϿܻҪиġ
̧ͷһۣûʲô飬۾ԵñƽʱҪҪڵĶࡣ
Ҳ֪Ϊʲô©һģһˣ֪Ϊʲôе㷢飬е㷢ţִȥĬĳķͲˡ
ҲϽͷһڷ
ͦʣʦڷʲô
ûʳ
ʦ֡պͲһ
պһ¶û¶ٻ˵ˣʦȴֲӣжǲ˿ˡ
࣬öʶˣӦʦİɣ񻰹ߣһ޵Ŀˣһ۾˿ǳˡ
쵽ʱǵһıϡƾṦȥǲܵģֻҶɴŽһиСĶɿڣҲûɴֻһ񷤵ˡ˽ǮʱҲҪȥǹļǮʮĽÿ˰ġگȻԳһõҲԭǮңҲǺԭһģС̵˵Ҳ˵һڴĹٻǵĴ磬о뿪ԭ
˷ӣ밶
̫ĳȥϵķЩЩ䣬ϣһӾ͸оʲô塣ͬӵƺн̣һС˵أ˵ʲô֮ġ
ҵ˵ʦ֣зĵ£
ˮĻ죬һʦֲ˵ûʲô
ұһ£Ļû˵
˵Ҫ£˵˵һܰ⡣벻ʲô⣬˵һ˵ҲһЩ
һѹֵգϵĺɫһЩ͵ѹͷҲûٿڡ
̫һɽվͿԿĴģһҲһ
ˮֻ䣬ĵˮӵǰĺˮЩƫ˷򣬳ŷӵ˷˵ĵͷм仹һ㲻ȣӲҪƵġȻˮҲеţץŷϵӣнҲ˵ҲЩ¡ˮ˻ӷӱʹȥȻҺȻʦ˵һ仰Сûô塣һعϽʣʦ֣˵ʲô
ȴͣһ£˵ûʲô
ȻǶ԰ڵˡߵĶɿڱȽ԰ҪһЩżֻ˻ĴܾܺһҲûС
ԾЩ֣վס¿ʦǰߣµŸȵ֨ѽ֨ѽ졣
̫˰Ծ
̧ͷԿƬСȻ󣬰˼еġڲʱ֣ôôУЩԱߵĴϻûжĻǴأʹﲻܲҪˣ
Ӿĳ棬ûûбĶҲһûУģֱ˾סĵط
ڣ
Ǹнߵĺ𾢣ŻҲñǵȵҪʱ˴ҲòˣŲԽԽĸվߵ·ͣ
ҵ˵ʦ֣̫Ծ
ʦһû˵
ҪȽȥѾȫڿԿӵȷġôôݣȻһƻҲûУҼҵĴӶǺڵġ
ԽԽڡ
˵Ҫȥ̽·ʵҲûеסǰľֱϾεӰֻĶ༸Ҳûʲôǹȥ̴̴̣ʰ¡ȴеԲ׼ˮжҲ֪浽׷ʲô飬Щ㷡
нСֹηȻһҪǴ񷤻ȥˡûһǸȥСɿڵɥĻˣСѾˣȥĴвְͨĿͶϡҪͶ佣ϣ¶ϣĹâչʣλ
ʦֺЩͷתһߡһΪʲôһº͵ʦֽôĮһ߼򵥵İο£Ӧá
û֣һХϡ֪ҹɻҰè֮֮ʮֵļɭ˱һӾðһ亹

67

ʦ֡
ʦֵ˵ﲻҪ߶ȥһóŷֽݸнˣʮֹŹ֣ŷؿڣҪҶҪӦÿɱҹƽ
е㽫Žɣʦ˵ֹһ˰ŷɣһӹȥһҲˣ߶µĵл
촽һ£Ҳûʲô˵ģֻǸɰͰ͵˵ʦ֣൱ġ
һۣĺɫпЩİ˵Ҳ൱ġ
仰Ҳƽǲ֪Ϊʲô̵̻Щûеǰģ˵׼ʲôΣաûн̸ţҺʦԭԲطֿġǶûԱˣܲܽƲ²ܣҲܾʹǾǰֱȥðգʲô֣Ҫǻǿûӳ졣
ʦֵת۾ûڰУķǱһֻ־
ʦֵĹֻ߲ͣǡ
Īôһ£
Ҳ˵
нŵֻͷȣҲʵãʱĵطӾйŹ֣һССС־û㱾³ŵＦȮţѻȸûһӰ
ҪֻʲôôأʦǲӦˣ
ôŸ尾ܣצڲͣץֲ¶Ա˿ˣǿ϶ֺ̿¡
ǸԵǰɡнеһ˱ϵİװŸɫСͷʲôĶУСĻɣóĸӦĻڰѹе⣬Ҳ϶ˣż㡣
ˡԼĸ·ߵķʯϣһڡеӲее̡̫û취ô̵Ļͻˡ
Ĳɣ˼ڱֹˮĥﵽʲôè壬ԽԽǣȴ֪Ϊʲôպ͸˵Ц˵еĽǵһ˶سûûģһӢʴʵҲ㲻ʲôǣǸóԲúȲ˯ԦУͷ¶һȥʱһ˵һЦǻɽɽҩĺ͵ųԣ̵ĵƤ㡭
֪ںòá
Ұһ¶ǣʦû
վԭתȦнҲ˵ԹԵʦһ·һҲҳ
ʦȥ̽ʲôûУӲôչתȦҲתˣôû
ƵƵǰɫѾҹĻҲԵò˳£һҲûСһƬطǱһںںڵĹӿ˸ʵԶˮڻʣȻһϢҲûС
ǸнһеͰ͵˵ͬ顭
ұأȴһ¶ֻú˵ʲôסˣӦûΣյģú¡
ôοˣʵԼȴѾʼˡ
ǺΣգǺʦʲô⡣
ʱˮһʣΪｹͣסԽԽţҲⲻȥˣһߵ˶ѾʼˣҪתȦû׼Ǿԭػιȥ
Խߣ־Խ࣬ǰЩӵ·;Ҫˡ
ԽԽΡ
ҲҪȲȥʱ򣬺Ȼһϸ΢죬͵̧ͷ
ҹɫŨأһǿԿӹƮһˣʦָճڣȴ˽ӽ֮󿴼ں﷢
Ǹ˵ıԲҸ򶨣ǰͣſʣСôˣ
Ҷ֪ԼϵıʲôˣˣԲһ¡
Īǰ˵ûпڼȻ֪պпܻúһٲǺʶĳƺĪô
˵ȻĪ棬˵Ǽסگ￴ʵҲϡ档ôӱϣôͻĳ֣һ߶кһ߷ֹǲǺŹֵطʲôǣȻԦɽǺҲպͺһΣķɽɲԼģ͸ģʵ¡˵ءܾе㲻·롭
ȥ̽Ҫؼȥģطеԣͣ˸Ȧӡ˵̹ףأɽôҲϱ߶ˣ
ŲҿڣԼһ䣺Ŷ²£ǲ̽׷ѣҼպͿɻʱš
˷ǹ⡣
ҵܸʲôȻպ͵ġȴǺƽЩͷǷǵʱҿǰһƬڰеСĪˣʲôΣûʦ֣
е죺ʦ֣һһҲûǽʬ˺üֻ
ҵʬ
֣ǽʬϵȻãȻǱصĴ硣ȴһȮҲһûУΡ
ҺʦһǰղȽȥ̽Īû𣿡
Īҡͷȷʵûšͣһ˵պҶǰС˫ͷҪҪ
ҳһţʦأȥˣôȴһ㶯ҲûУҲպͣպڲԶĵط
Īͷ˵ʬ˳ֳˣвôʦֵĹ㲻ಮ٣òʲôΣաûԼʲôźŻͨϢ
ʵҡͷûС
һڴߴһ£һĿڣ߰תԶԶ˳ȥ
е죬һ룬ɽһҲ졣

68

ҿĪ棬ﲻǲɻһڣҵɽϵʱʦͨϢҲһ򵥵źţֻԼȴûùʦɽϵʱҾõö࣬򵥵ͬŻͨϢķ϶֪ġһͻ
ĪȴôôϤеʱʿʱԵúܷŵ
ɽ𣿿ɽôģһҲʹеģǾͶɾȫһ·ˣɽһ£
һ֮󣬸һһ㶯ҲûСǰӻһسû
еԥ˵Ī塭ʦûɣҪٻһԣ
ĪҡҡͷᣬԲﶼһοӲж֮ھͿ϶ȻڲˣһѾԶˣš
ʲôû˵Ҳס
ʦֻ߲ͣ϶ʲô
ͷȻŹ֣ҲûʲôֵӲӣʦֶǷ˱ʲôֻʲô׷ȥҲ˵
һҲûУ˵ҲеҲ˾̤ʵһ㡣
ҪҪһߣָλΣҪȥʦ֣
ҿɺջǧܵΪպͣڲԶĵطֻҪĪһߣźܿģһ̣ͻǰ
ǡ
һͷ֪Ǻõнֿ̣һĹľӣҧҧܼѵ˵ˣҵʦ֣ȥɽɡ
Ī΢΢һЦЦݺϵԼʲôһ⣬һصӡ
Ҫȥʦ֣
ҵͷ
أˣָָ·ˡ
ˡ
ĪЦЦ˵ðɣһȣ취
ڵϹĽҰģʲô취룿
еֵʣ㲻Ҫ𣿡
ҲһָۣȻһֵƣȻøӣǺܺÿָͷ쿪ţҲȥĽëƵġ
˵ƷôƲ˵òһһĿš
﷢͵͵ϸϸֵͦģҲ̶ľ˵ЩʲôԼյĹ򣬺ڰͻȻһССĺӰ֨֨
Ī쿪֣ëžϡ
һʧгⲻǺþûС
ϸһȴǣСƤëɫˮǲһۣǲӲӵķʮһֻȻҲС꣬ƤëȴǻɫҲеĹӰҼеľԲͬһֻ
ĪͺͦԵİ
ֻСȻϤֻëƵģƤë⻬βɣֻԲ۾ںҹҲʮֿɰġĪȵİ˺üѣ΢Ц˵ô⸽㲻ڽǱ𣿡
ֻС౵Ľ·ڻش⡣ǲڻش𣬷ͷн̣ǵɫǸ԰ˡֹĲý͵飬ַôºڷߵϣһֽʬСϣһ˻ᱻһҲ֡
ˣС㵱ڿˣҺһȥٿҵλʦ˵
֮Īһȥ
ףʲôֵġǹЦݿȸղеĶˣʱ򻹹ͬŵ壬ɫѵļһţ
ҹͬŵ廹Ҫʲô
˵һֱպ͵۹ⲻôţڿҲһ޿ȡûɫѣմպͺͰɡ

ڿҰɣΪʲôһҲûие˿޵ϲð˷ܰ鰡ʲôأɫѣʲôɫ˭պͣ˭ʦ֣ΪұʾҪҵʦȷİΣȥպͣĪҲǸɫѵˣҵƷ˳϶
⣬ⶼʲôʲô
Ըȥʦ֣ٽȥ̽һΣҾ⡣
ҵ±ֵ̫ԣĪС꣬һۣеƮƮģôꡭұ㻹ȻءֳħҲû
ģģҲǸġ
ҺܻɣҲʶ࣬ûа⻰ʳ
ǣǽȥ£Һܻɣֻë׵Сһб±н
Īӻ֣˵ģС忴һԺıһģԼڵĺѾû˭ȥ

н̴Ŷ£òһֻı
ҵĿתȥͶƬźڰӡ
ʦ֣ƽʲôطʲôأ

69

ǿ֦׵ĻѣȻͨˣĿںҹҲǱϾ㡣ѵʱеǣҪȥǲ̫ˣ
ЦЦģʬֶĶˣ϶ǿ۾ģˣǱӣŵ˵
֪˵Ĳ٣¼ӿٶȰѻѵ˸һ֧
ƺһҲţŲҲԵ졣ʵ˵ûһǰӦеӣҶôҲûоص̬
㻹ǵʱС𣿡Ȼôһ䡣
е֣ǻش𣺡Ȼǵáô
ĪЦ⣬ŨīƵİҹҲûԵͱȼշ΢ٵı˵ͦõġͣһֲһ䣺Ҳͦ㡣
ҲܵÿǸë׵Сһͷůڵģֺɡ
˵һСиëĪͻȻ˵СʱͺܵƤܰǻȻֺܻУ˵Ϲ۾һգգϧиëĲÿ˵Ѷᱻʶơ
˵ѣСҵʱֻ౽У֪ͨԶԣҪʲôҿǴûŪĪô˵ȻĽʲô˼ġиղֻС꾫򽻵
еģĲ롪һһֻͷĺ꾫ɣ
²ǳпܣпܣ
˳Ļʣʲôë
ĪЦ֪
⻰ʵģԼģθ˵ֻҹĸʲôЦ
˵Ҳܼ򵥡Ǻʶ࣬Լž˵ˣһﰡֻҪһ˵ѻβ;Ҫͣҡڣ˵컨׹ֻҪһβ֪ͣˡ
һ˵ţһԼҡͷ̾кɸֵζЦЦôһѾܵķݺûϢ·ԣлѵĹţԽԵĻšֵտԼ̤ڵĻ
ղſʬˣ
ҵͷŵˣĺڰһѹΣվǱÿһܵĽʱ˶ɡ
ĪһҲţǵȻǰͷϣҷŵֱԴӼӿǰߣȻֽһ۾
Īߵ˽ǰȻһѳǰһ£ȻⲻǾߵ״ǿռ¿յģһͰز˵߽ʬֻҲ
ĪԼľȱֻ಻٣žתһȦðһ䣺٣ѵǻèƵоɣͷȥȻܵ
Īǲϳģı¾㲻ôߣȻ˵˽ʬͷǿ϶ûҶԸʬһ߰취Ҳͷǳʶ֪ʲô˵һֽʬֻҪͷҲ͸ľͷˡôν⣿ͷĽʬѵܵȻͨǾԵĲ֪ʲô˻ħֵİָˡͷõĽʬ˭ʲô
ԽԽɲ֪еʲôĪ⣬Īϸ˼۾ߵΣվ˽ܷſȻһЦ
ЦĪԴ϶ĺͳ˲ֹͬ龳ʲôЦģ
һۣɣˣֻƵĵСҴǲʲôŹˣǸʦ֣ҲǷŵȥ̽ȥˡָָʯľ̨˵ϸ
ѷŵͣ˾̨Ҵսȥ˼ۣҲûзʲô
ĪЦ˵Ҿҵ͹ˣһ⣬ϸ
Һ̨ܾ֣ʲôֵģԱ߽Щˮʯõþˣĥúܹ
ȵȣˮգ
ӰЩˮտȴǸսϵӡ
ѿڶйŹ֣
ĪЦŵͷ
뵽ǣǽʬˣ
ϱЦЦģ֪Լ˵ʬҲϲˮҶ̸֪Ŀڣ˰ӽˣ
ĪһɤӣҲôãҲֻ˵һ롣Ҫ˰ҷŵʬӾˣôǸ˭ΪʲôҪôֶϷĹûйϵ
һͷûͷһֲ̯Ǹˣô֪е¡
ĪЦʱ۾΢΢ϵıָ
Ļѷŵĸ˵㣬̨֪Ͽ϶ʲôûע⿴ĶֻǣйŹ֡
ҽżһʯӣۼʯӷȻ´һˮ죬Ȼ⾮ͦġ⾮õþˣôӲʯľ̨ϣĥһԵӡۡ
һʲôҲЩɥĶĪҡҡͷ಻ס˵ֲǴյʱҪʲôֱ˵ˣ
ĪһЦʵҲûʲô
ɶ
Ѱģ⣬Ѱĵʱ򣿵ص㾳Ҳ̫ˣ
üëһ˵һ䣺ʵñųģˮζԡ
ʲôζϽˮжˮҵѾĽ˹˵ζ
ζʲô˼ѵζ
һۣǻ˵ζ
ۿȻ龮ڣںʲôҲƲҲʲôζûų࣬ŵһˮ߶еĳζ
ǾˮŵζǴģ
ĪĻѻλΣôĥûãȥơ

ָָһߵľֻаˣǰѾˡλȽ̽·ʦ֡˵ҲͽͨˣҪھ·ʲôصµȻϢ
ǰղ֮󲻼ʦֻղŲԶˣһ룬ǾĪ˵ıص׿Ҳġ
ȡ˰ؾ˳žץġĪͷкһЩ
һ˾䣺֪
ھϻصƵ﷢šխ˾ôؿѹ˿ʯͷ˵ܡ

70

Ҿ㲻ǸСˣҲġͷĪҲѾ˵Ƽʲôˣ
ûС
ھơһλͷеѣĸо˦Ӽ»
ͷ˼ʲôû
еķ붥һ䣬ȻòӺ淢ƺйķ粻֪Ķ˺ëֱ
⾮ķ磿
һعͷȻױͷڣɽķǰģҵҲԲľϾȻи߼ĺĴ󶴣Ǵﴵġ
ιô
Ҷһֳӣһֺǰźи
ͷʲô
ֻûȥ֪ʲôǿξǿԽ˵ĶʦǲҲε£ͷ
è̽ǰ棬˽ȥ沢ôխһڿյèվţ廹еתءϸϸʹǰͷ
Īֽŵ죬ûҲ˾ҺͷҲ
ιʲôûУ
ҡҡͷ
˾׻صˮ죬Լ˵氲ĺܡ
߻ѣߡڵصףʵҲϡսҵʱҲаڼڵؽղʳܱ˻ˮģҵͷμ
Īĥʲô˳˵ˡٵһЦ˵ʲôûصսġ
һͷˮʲôصս
ǺЦ˵֮⾮ص㲻ʲôµġʱ򾭹ݣʱиŮǶŷƣҵĵص޵Ҳ㲻һ˾Ϳˮס
ҵͷֲô;ˮͷԭ㵹·
Ц֪һŵģ쵹Ҳ̸ϡ㵱û¶ص˵㵹ǵĵһ˵صܵеŹ֣Ȼʲôص
֪ǲľãֱ׷ѻõĲ黵顣Ļû䣬Ȼڰʲô˳ֱҵš˰벽һӡǶţ˸Ȧڵ¡ûһգԭֻ
ǣһֻȻҴġǰԶĵ£ֻһſǿ϶Ҹɵˡ
ýżⶥһ£ֻùȻҲǸûһûбӲ
˸ղžɣҹ˵
Ī˵˳ɾλʦ֡Ƚ
Ҳ룬ֻû˵ôֱסʦְ˳ɾǰͷȴһҲûɡ
صﵽʲôǰͨأ
۵ĵصǰߣԽԽǿˡҼǵת֮󣬵صѾԲˣҲֱܳʪͷĶȫˮ䲻ͻеˮڲһһ飬Ͱѽ˳Īһ߶ҵĶʲôҲû˵ЦЦһȡҲû棬ûաǡͻȻˮϣоǹ˵ģҲԹҽŰ
˵ǰͷɡ
ʲô˼ҵһۣˣӦ
ЦЦôɼӱĵ㣬Ҫʲô˵ģҿɶ˲ý
žǿҺһӿ˲ӡ
һչǰ·ֳͣ·ûзֱǣӦ
ҪҵԭĸʦҲɣѡķ
ôĪסˣҿЦЦŶֲˡ
˵˾䣺Թǡ˵ʲô֮϶Ǿ䱧Թ֮ࡣ
ԹʲôҪµǣһ·ߣұߣ
ĪͷȥָָߵĲ·߰ɡ
ҿһۣΪʲô
û߹ȥ㰮Ҫߵġ
û취Ͻȥе㲻ȷʣιߴ·ô죿
˵ߴ˾ۻˣʲôˡ﷢ϸһҲû
ˡ˵Ҿе㲻ֲܲϣ˵е
û߶ԶӵһֻЦЦ˵ûߴǰͷ˴Ҳѡ򡣡
ҵͷеɣصʲô޵ģʲô
ҿɲ֪Ȼǻʲô߿ƮƮĶһ䣺ǲͣķʣѰҴ𰸵Ĺ̡ˣպôûͲ𣿡
˵ǵȻġ
Ȼعƣһϸı顣
ұ죬Ҳоǰƿյķһʦں˶ǲΣգ
ǰĪ˵ιġ
ҳţٶȼӿ졣ԽǰԽתһ䣬ǰȻһصѾ˾ͷǰһĴʯãϵϱʯмĽһȥϲۡʦǽһԦʹ鶯վһǽߣҲƵͷסݣǴѵ¶ķɫԲǻˡ˵ƤôҲķɫԶ׼ǹ־ǽʬ
ʦ֣ҰγȴһסʡʡʦֱǼһи߶ˣò֡
ҲóʦֵļʽǴݲȵģתһͷĪʱƺ΢΢һܿͰת˻ȥһ˲ʯнʢֻ۶ҫ۵ѩ⣬ۻƣʦֵ򽣾þ¯࣬ĪҲѿһý
е⣬ʦȻͬһ㡣Ī濴һۣ˵һ䣺ͬһʦ̳ģôôء
⻰ʲô˼һ²ŷӦûü̧°ʾתͷ˵ʦӮˡ

71

ʦֻʣԵ顣ȻҶͬţѧҲһĽÿ˵ʺͽ·ԵòһͬŽϼʱ˾ͿԦʹɽеȴŽջһŤš
һ£Ͻӭȥʦ֣û°ɣ
ҡҡͷû¡
ҿѾڵ²ᶯļһšʦֵĿԽ󿴣кĪӡ
Īӣʦƺедɣô˵ҲóƺһĪǰɣϾһô˵Ҳǰͷ
Ī浹һ㲻ںʦôƺͷߵһȥϸ鿴ǽ
ʦ֣ҸղŻһֱأ֪ôûӰѶϢˣû¾ͺáˣô⾮ԵģҪĪǰָ㣬ҾһҲ
ʦֵһͷȴû˵ʲôԭֻ˵һ·ûʲô֮𣿡
ҡͷ˵ֻֻС𣬱ʲôҲûš
ҺɻؿڶŴѵ⣬ʦֺ󲢲ʲôҲȷʵ𻰵ĵط
ȥ˵ɡ
Ī治֪ʲôᡰסһǽһȥ̶죬ʯƬƬλƣ˵
һͷȥһӵɴۡ
ղǱߵʯǽѾһ룬ǽҲһʯңڴ仹Ҫ󣬵ȴļˣŮ׶УƸ죬Բѵġ
Ī˿˵أŵζȴʼûżˡ̤ǰϸűߵһߣ˵Ŀ¾ˡ
գգۣǡǱʬ°ģ
ʦҡҡͷֻ˵˾䣺δء
ĪͬĵͷԡǱ°ģôüЯͺȵˮĻۣתͷ΢Ц˵λҲ˰ɣ
ʦ̵ֻ˵ǲǴӸղǽˮǴģʯг·Ϊ˶ԽԽ׵Ĺ֣벻ǲĵطͽʬصĵطֻһǽ
ҰһȻôɣЩ˿ɹģҪǲǾҪʬһˡ
Īһۣô£ҿ˹ƣǶ⽩ʬ¡һϣлǳû˵ѪЩ˾͹ĸڣʲôʱʲôĺ
ʦ˵ǰԣҲġ
ĪֱѲʯϣ۾ڻеԾˮƤ飬˿ֶһϸ¹е㲻ҿôģϾ񶯵
㣬öȡЩˮǾ˵תͷңＸ϶ˮңȥŪЩˮЩ˻û׵ĵطʲôĶ֮ģβ
ҴӦһȥЩϽ¿ˮʱ·ȥＳˮһ·ҴһȥʦֺĪѾʯʯݵĿտ֮˶ûص¼žرҲЩ
Īʦֲ죬ǵȻҲûʲô˵ºȻûʲô֡
ǣȴǾ֮е֡
պ;ͺųʦ֣ѵĪҲһ
պųʦΪС۶ԴףĪû
Ⱦһߣ㯵ѾǵĿҲɻ絽ѣֻڳݲ壬ôιȥַЩʲô£ȫһֻ֪˵Ϊ˶ԽԽĹ飬ڵضʱôһ֪ºµĵʯѣ´ӵ˲Ȼʦǲµһ˵ЩѾ֪ǲ֪ģȴҲ˵֪֪ڽʬ飬ŵø״Ρ
Ī治ͷٷȥ˵־һԼˣȫѣվ˵ˣ߰ɡȻѾˣˮ˾ͺá˦˦ϵˮΣȻʣʲô㣿
һûعʲô
һֿۣʦ֣˵Ҫʦּͬ·Ǹһȥպͻͣ
£ʦһ߲͵˵˾䣺Ǳͬ·ģҲһȥ̽ʦܡ
ҿʦֿĪ棬ʣҲ֪ĵΪʲôͿһأͷе㲻ţʦ˵ԭҲû
Ī濴ʦֿңЦе˵ҵûʦֵܻͦҪõġ
û˵ڰ֣ðɣЩСҲʡȻѾûʲô£߰ɡ
ڵص´Ųرƣһصϣʱؿһᣬһ³ȥ
컹ûȻȥӦнˡͦģ˱һͷ档ʦֹȥʱһȾ̧ͷҪһʶģûԵúܻ
ʦ԰ο䣬˵ѾûˡҪȥ˵Ҫ򶫣ǾͲͬ·ˣʱǧл˵˺ЩмĻʦֻЦҶûޣվһߵšĪеվһߣŲ֪ĥʲôҿ彣ʣ̶֣ô죬ʵЩ档
Īǰ⽣
ң˵ǲǣ⽣һɽ潣
ǰ㲢Ǳ˰룬书һҲ󡣡ĻҲ˵ˡ˵̸¾͸Ӳ
򽻵ʱˣҲ֪˵ǲϲȦӵģʲôֱˡ
һЦеȻɲǣһҲˡҵĹĿɱǿء£ˣûа취¡
⻰⣬־һ
պû˵Ҳû
˵ұȴ˼ǿǺɽİɣǴСͱɽϣ˱ģӻ߶͸һʦƨɺͷתȻٴһ˳µľѧˡͣûм˵תͷ߰ɣˡ
ÿ˶ԼԸڿڵĿദҲ⣬ֻǡһʼΪûûƣƵˡ
뷨̫ϣ֮䣬ദ۶ϣǿ϶ԡ

72

˵˵ʲôԵ֣
£Īʲô˼
Ե֣춼Ե֣ԵֵǸʲô˼
ĥһ£Ҫ˵Եⶫ
ԳⶫʵǺӵһʺ֪ʲôʱĸùͻһŲȥ˵
һͷˮ˵Ƕһһ£пƵ׽͸
պͣԼãǲôһ£
룬˵ûʵˣԵ֣˵ֵżȻռһ롣
һ룬ûɽֻպ͹ȥһطǾͲʶ
ˣǰ治ԶˡĪ˵ҪҪЪһЪߣ
ҵѿ˵ЪǻȴˣãǣЪЪߡ
о仰нӣ֪ǲǾ顣
ʲôôõķ룬Уǰһʲôӣ᲻ֳһЩ
ҡ
ʦְˮݸңҺһڣֵݻ
ܾʦ£Ҳ໰رĬ
ʹӡʹǰҹﱻסǸʱ
ҿһۣѹҪʸĳ嶯
ʦֿͣʵڸաԸ˵ĻõȥˣҲ˲Ŀڡ
ʦ֡
ţ̧ͷңº͵۹⣬ɨʱȴ˾һʲôεѹסˡ
˿ĭ֪Ϊʲôϻ򶨵ģֻ˵ڵĻˣʦ۲ۣ
ҡҡͷ
ãİ
ǣǾ·ɣ
·
ʱֵķԵú
һɽ룬ǰԼԿҵڰɽ¶ϵĴݶųݵϰ߲һ⼸ԶԶķᶼԭķ
𣿡Һ򶨵ʣͬʱע⵽ҵһ㲻ȵġ
ãûӡ
Ī˵ǡ
ҵļֱҪɤڸȴһĿʼð
򶨣һҪ򶨣СӿЦṈ̀ҪļһҪŰѱ˵Ժʮ궼óɱȡЦҡ
ǼӲ󳣼ַĽһԺ£ǰкݼһԴ̵Ҷӣһ˶ߣ濪ϸĵƻ䣬һɵɽ䳿ŨԵһԴľݡ
СͣСͣ
Ī溰һֺСͣ
û˴Ӧ˵˾䣺⺢ӣĶȥˡ
ƿһţһû˯ϴҳȥһԽԽҰˣͷĲżҡ
ҵͷʦ˵ĻĪûһ֣ǾƲԭԹˡ
պͲڣеʧ䣬ȴ̶ࡣӸҨˮֽݸʦ֣˵ʦ֣ϴϢһ°ɣҲһҹû˯϶ˡ
ʦֽӹֽû˵ֻЦЦ
һû˯ҹ·ԵʣʦԵЩ㲣۾ҲûƽôɣǱƽʱЩݲĸоͻȻһʣȻܼ̣ȴôӲʵ˵˵񣬶е˲һ֣롭úչͷ
ȹˮ˵ٰҲϴһ飬ˮһһһĴŹǷڼŴ滹ƵΡѴ̿Լ˴¡һҹžһͷ䵽ʵǱۣһʱҲ˯⡣ǺǺܿա˼ƮƮȥű߼ʣ䲻ʵл㱵ģܾ׽ԼЩʲô
֪˶ãеԺȻһۣһë׵ĴβϣëɫζϤһϲĪ
٣ҵְβסЦ˵ô㰡ôûˣҲ룿
Сعͷߴߴ¶֮ɫ
պһסǲǣӹúòãպȥˣ֪
ߴߴҵļؿϲȥһ˸߲ҵӡ
ȻʧЦܰɸ龫ֵСѣȴ˵
СսңСᰡģֱЦ
ιι֡
ȻСһ͵̧ͷֱĶҿֱë

73

ͷȻС걳һ嵯ֱϺݺݵҧһڣ͵絶һ㣬ֻһӴֻûгһѾ˿ڣµȥ¾ʹܳš
־ŭ׷ѾͷҫۣȴƲȥֱ۵ҵͷҧĵط乵µѪһֱϵһһģס˴ʹơСԲҰѱƢղʱҲȸԾôһת۾ͷ
ĥԽԽˣ洵䲻ҼһģҾһ飬ͷʦ֣һ
ôˣ
Ұ̧𣬿Ц˵ֻСҧһڡ
ʦִҵֿͷ˵£ҧĺֹѪҸҩһ¡
òմˮϵѪϴȥϸĨһҩøɾĲҰְϣ̧ͷʣ۵ĺ𣿡
ҡҡͷ
ʦЦºͣദ˾̤ʵɣ崺ɿ졣մѪĲһߣ˵ҸǰͲóǿˣüͷô˵û£
ҿЦģ۲ʲôҾ֣Сͨԣһܺú׽ΪʲôͻȻҧңôأ
ʦˮϴֲɣװŽҩĴƿǺ˵ʲôɻ飬ֻȻԣվǺ꣬һˡӳ˵ĽǶȥ룬벻ԭġ
ʦ˵еҲ˵ͷﻹǾãС굽ôˣʲôˣǣһʲôûü˵ Ҳʲôû
Ϊʲôһҧôݣֱҧһ
㲻˯ʦʡ
ҡҡͷ˯šʦЪɣҵſתתҲպͿˡ
ʦ촽һ£ȴû˵ʲôֻһ䣺㵱֣ˣҲմˮ
վʦһݸҡ˳ֽˣһš
ãԵȡɽ紵ȴִŵ㺮⡣תһȦǰݺǻݣеʶеĽвҶӱ紵Ļ죬ȴһˡĪҲ֪ȥ£ݴԣĿҲûС꣬ҧ֮̾ܵˡ
ǰʯϣı꣬ȥ½ı벻С꾿ʲôԭôҲǳԴҩˣ
Ҫǵúúýѵһ²ɡ
ĥ£̲סȥպʲôط֪֪ˣ
˵ܿͻһ̾ͻҵǰˡ
ĺܿ죬Ҳ΢΢ȡ
Ҫ˵ʲôһܲ˵Һ㡱Ҳڵôöʲôûаˣ
ʦִϴˣѻԭǼǾһЩ鿴ҲȸղԵ졣
ǷǷкʦ
ʦֶһߵİձʢŲˮе㵭ʣĲ裿
вҶ
ҵͷе㻨㣬ȻȴҲúš
պͣʡҲʲô˼󷽷ĵͷ֪ʲôʱŻ
ʦֻһЦû˵ʲô
Ѿ̫һơҺʦһ·ϵļţ˵һЩ⣬ʯ˻ʱ̫ѾȥɽɽּһƬãĺɫ
ʦһֱԱߣ̧ͷȻ˵û
ɽ紵ͷ´ŷƮڣĿºͿ㡣һ£ۡ
ܾһĻʶʦôվţ˵ҡĿе㷢΢΢ļµĸоǼкûƵ龰ֹЩ֡
ʦʣֻ۲ˣ
ֻ̧λΣʹѾȸոձҧʱоõöˡ
Ҫˡ
𣿡
Ƥ˵ãһеˡ
ʦһЦվȥ俴ܸв׵ģŪԵ˵
׵ȻеģҴˮҨˮʱѾ׸׺ͲѡһڳҵЩɲˣһ¹ˡʦʲô࣬Ҫ˵³ҲòȥĶó㲻ϵģֻҲ̫ѳԡװ뷹ʢһˡʦҳ˫ϴɾ
⵹ɽϵʱӲءЦʦ
ʦһЦ˵԰ɣ۶Ҫų̹ˡһ˫˹Ȼһͣתͷ⿴
һعͷȥ
Ѿиĺڰл߳ſͣ½šϣƯ׺˳Щʵһ˫ˮĺɫ飬תһ˲ס˺
һ£漴¶Цݣǰһһպͣ
վ￴ңҪҿ͸רעҾúЩѡƺˣҪ˵ˣȴ˵֮ǰ֪Ѿ˶ٴΣǻʲô龰ط꣬˵ʲôҪʲôļˣȴֻԴգؿȴǣֱֽŲ֪Ҫ̧Ǵ¡
պͣ㡭
һ죬һֿۣʦ֣վԭû
Сͣȥ
Īĺڰдպüͷһ£߽Ī߽
պôˣ
ԲǾñطϲؿҲƽЩƣЩɻ󡣿ǵĪʦ֣ȴҲھץ׷ԭ
ʲôˣѵ
ˣʲô³극˵ɵվĪ˼Ľ֣ҶӿɶĺˣһֻҶȥ

74

ĸΧһԲ£պƵҶλţƤһֱû̧·ҲƵġƵҪѹûƷζҵĿǲȥ
һһǷһӵĸǮ˲һʲô¶ʱʾõʱҲ¹֮󲻼ӰĻǧȻ⸱ĹһǷᣡ
˵˼ڳԷ棬һٷԵֳĬֱŤҴҴҰѷ꣬ȻʰԼõꡣպķʣ˴룬̧ͷһۣںڵģɫȴ׵ֽһûɵһգ֪ΪʲôȻеûĿһԣҾȻһϣͷһͣܿߡ
ˣ̬ȲõǿݺΪʲôȴҰһóԼûŪúԼܾίһѾ̹üΣÿζռϷҳ԰СĶա
ǲǲˣĺȻôһѪɫҲûУ
ǣˣǲɽûеһʱ·ϻ˲ʱگ
˼˰졣ȵ˶극ʰӣҲŻع
á
Һ޲óԼһ٣춼ڸﰡպͰųҿûʲôȴƴĸɣʾԼ̬³Ȼ
Ҳ̫̫۸һɣ
УҲô˵Ƿҽֹͣһ
Ĳôõķ룬УǷ̬ȣ
ҪһúõĽͣҿɲܾôˡ
ߺߣ˵Ϊ﷢飬ԲŶȸ״ƵİڳһΪίƵġҲŲԸԳƵóѡ
ʦ˵ЩЪϢĪ˵зҪдһյȥ˱Ȼ󡪡Ȼʣˡպһֱﲻ۾Ҳűķ򣬵ҲƵģû˵һ仰
Ҳͷתһߣڼ˭᣿װĲںҲԵû·һﾲЩƣߣɽĶηҶݴԷСĽ
һ򶨵ӣʵͣ͵͵Ĵպ͵ٿǰԵÿ㾫£üëϸһ㣬ҲûбϸҼǵò̫°ǼһЩҾûŪ֮ǸÿˣǡҲԵеİˡǰǳϵģʲô¶ںƵĲõЦݲˡԾţʱһպȴ·һʼһ죬Ҳ
ʲôί
ֻΪ棬ǿЦʲôԭܲôҲɡ
ðɡ
ӡ
պһҵĿǡԴҵͲԼˡ
ϱǷɣϵù
ȻҪҹԹԵһκˡȻô죿ѵһҹֲ
ദž˳˵ģܵиеͣǶѹ磬ѹ硣
ô
պͣҴžǱѹǹɷ硣
վƹӣվպǰȻţɤӣԼΪ۵ǻ˵պ͡
̧ͷҵĿһҺȻ£ĻͿں˵ˡ
պ͵ɫһĲ԰ףһѪɫҲûСһ˫ȴīϵССͫԾһûбͷȻʲôҲˡ
պ;ôĿңȻ֣ұײŵֻǱĵط˵𣿡
Ҿƣڴһӵգƺ͸һֽľ룬ɾǿš
ҡͷ˵Ҳûôۡ
պ૵ĵǾҧûء
ûô壬˵ʲô
պͶңĿͻȻ絶棬̵һڡ
ʣûʲôҪ˵

ʲô˵ȻУв٣Ҷ֪ô˵ˡ
Ҳɵӣı飬ôоû˵Ǳ̨ʡ̹״ӿܴϡأҸϽһ£ҲûʲôҪ̹״ӿĿ°

75

ʵ벻ֻõЦôûҲô
ǴＷģ˿˿⣺ˣҵȻˣ˵Ĳˡ
Ҵ£ͬʱֿ촽棬װ׵ݺһȻҿˣǲ֪ΪʲôֱϸղҩѾö˵˿ڣһһˣ۵ϻ촽ɣҪͷĲԤС
һ飬͸ԵûСˡ
ƺֻ໥֪֮ܵġֻʱСߣһСˡֻͨҪô¶Ƚ۵ЦݣҲͲںˡ
ǣҲǷʱ̫һв⡣Ҳʵ̫أҷüɫ԰ףɫ۾ҿֱë
գգۣϵЦԽԽҲڡ
ι㰡ҷֿôãôԶ㣬͸ҿɫʲôĶԲ飡ҪʲôطĲԣֱ˵òãôˡҿɲ²ʲôֲĻ׳棡
Ŀ׶һһ˿ڣȴȻһϡ
ѵ
ѵպ֪ңһֱǸˣ
ǣǡ
ҲȷпܣҪȻʵ벻ʲôԭôĮ䣬еĹâˣԵЩԹޡ
ҵԽԽ죬ڸģƴô֪ģָôеۺԭɣ
պͷű𴦣ܵͣ㵽ڻҪװʲôҪϲ飬ֱ˵ء
һ졣
ãȫˡ
һôţԼԼְ컹С۶ڳԴס
ðɺðɣ֪һʦֲ˳ۡɽϵʱֻҪʦһ¶棬ܼƵȫ䱸ǸôϡıʦʱŻҪһĽҲһˣֺʦһͬ뵽ЩOOXX߰뷨϶СԴ
ӰϳϿҿҵ˵Сˣǰͺ˵ģһô˵ҺʦûʲôǵʦֵܹϵʦȻһұȽչˣ֮ûʲôԽʦֵݵ飬ǰûУûУԺҲеġҲʦһġڰ;ϣѾگʦ˵˳·Ҫһ㣬ô˵ܲ˵ʦְ㲻Ҫպ㡭ô˵ôôҲʦֵܰҿ϶ôûͬŵ塣ǻΪҲδ̫խ˰ɡ˵ˣСȰԼﻵˡ˵
պͶĳң˰Σգһۣ˵˵ûʲô
صͷϿҵĲٳϿˡҪа취ͳҲ϶ԥհ졣
ûʲôҡ
һֱڵľ۾˵⣺ûʲô
ҵͷ缦ףûûУҡ
֮ڣЩʲô
еƣ˵һ©ȫҽ
һǲҰ
Ϊʲôأ
ʵʵһһʮĽеĵطòҪһȴպͣһҪʸϸײɡ
Ȼ˵꾫ģɫպɫڱˣ¶ɵģȻģպ޵ɫԭġ
֣֪ôһ£
պɫһץҵ֣ôˣϸ˵
ҾԺ˯˰һΡҶպúӲȫˡ
Ҫδ̫Ϊ飬Ȼպ͵ƢʹҵҲǲϳԿˡ
պʲô۹⣿һСС˽ĺҲϷŹһ׷ϸڡҺı£Ǹεڽľϸš
֮ҵ׻ĨˮһֽǣңҡҸоǵģֹһطиطҲڻ䣬ĹˣھԾԾԡ
ұŤĻţȼнһЩֺҲˡ
պţһðһ䣺
Ȼû
͵۴Ҳһ
˸С۵ˣֱԼ˸صһԼԼȥ
ǡûҵֻʲôӣ
ҶٵͰϧǣһֻҪҺãһʱʱʱΪҴ롭
պͷ˴һ˫һֻסҵĲӣô򵥣ûƭңûʲôˣ
ûûУ˰æ
ðɣһۣҪǵǿԭ¡
ʲôпԭ£ûʲô£Ҫڳһ˵ԭ²ԭµĻ
ǣûʲô
ǸبѾõĴܡһǴһʱʱң̵ܣû취û취رܡ
ʲô鰡պ͵Ĺ۲ʱľˣֺ㻹ʲô£
һñϵ򾲻ûûа˵ôûˣ͹𣿡
ʲôʡ
ҾͿˣҲˣҲˣ˵˵㵱ﲻôòԭƺ«ҲôˣҲøҺú˵ײС
ΪֻڣҪʱҲһġ
ͷһ˵ģ㲻ļҵ˵ֻ֣۵ôôˡ
жԱȲſղô䣬ԵڵºҼֱеܳҪøСҧһڣѾôˡ
պͺȻ̧ͷһۣɵĪͣס˿ڡ
˵ʲôˣ
ҧôˣҧ˵ûҧѾǺܱˣ
ȣǹ֣Ȼô˵Լˣ
˵˵ɴ濴˿ڣ˵ҩôãҸ㻻ҩͻˡ
ţõģѾˡ
պ͵ֱϣ˵ʵϻҪۣ֪ô
һ˵֪

76

պȥһˮ׼˸ɾİײӣѵСҩƿţԭĲӵȥԭͿĽҩˮϴҩϸİ
֪ʲôʱʲô˵¿ˣϡҹҩһ¡Ҳ֪ǲҲڵ¸⽿ޡպ͵ȷƲۡ
ҲΪ̫ûмҼЩ̰ϸϸüë۾ͷǣ촽ĽëҾһķ۽֯һζҷֲָһ㡣
Ǹ
ҵĻտ˸ͷͱϡպͰѲãϵĶһգˮ裺첻ˣһ·Ͽ϶ˣ˯ɡ
һ£պѾţعŸˡ
Ƶ
ˣ
ôûһ鷳ڻҲ˵ˣȻҲ֮飿Ȼôߵˡ
ѵһҲңһִԸ񰡡ƵģǰһܾóԲء
ôôر˾ˣҽǰǸ޲ʱʱ̿ҵպȥˣ
Ϊ̫ûˣûȫ
ܲǲشҵŶ㿪İɣ˵һֱûлشңΪʲôΪʲôôòɽ
Īе̬ȣʱС귴ľٶݺݵһҧҪ˹ͷˡ
ööɻܵ֯һŴҾͱףܿһȴκ硣
ҷһȷպǲٻˣҹҲˣŷ촰ﴵķԽԽȥŴ˯ϣȻŰ屻£᲻أһҾ֪˭
ʦ֡
ţȻûд
û˯
ûءʦҲû˯Ҳݣʦס
ָһָ棺ס߿Ǽݡסˣ
˵仰û˵Ҳ벻Ҫ˵ʲôվţ𰲾е˲ڣⰲеʲôĪģ˵΢ζ
ʦ֡Ҽһ䣺𣿡
⻰ԼҲòô¶̫̫ˡǸոպͲΪʦָұŤҺʦֵ˵Ҫײ϶һڡͳ⣬ҲҺʦʲôȵ̸ٶǱ־Բ߰ȫĺáʦĺôǲòڡʣôˣ
ҸϽЦ̧λΣͦõģѾˡ
ĿⶢҵƣҲһ䣺պ˵ҩͦЧġ
ʦֵıҡεԵЩʲ壬ƺͬһ΢ЦֻǡҲµĴȴеɬζ
϶Ǵ
պС۶һ죬ʦҲ֪ᵽЦǰɣ
ɽݲݿһɽȺЩӵĵƣһ˼顣
е⣺ʲôҿûƳ
ʦһЦϲɵе㷢ȡһ֪Ҫպͣﻹ˵ϱ¡˵ɽûʲôԵر֮УֻҲӶġ
ʦȴҰԲˣ㱾ɽϵʱն̣Ҳûüѧϰ󷨺ͷˮĵҲʮرټҲԹ㿴
Ҽæ̨ʲôر֮أ
ʦ˵￴ǵԺ˵
ųʦִӻһŻֽ˺ɸΡַɽʱҲˣе˿ֽ˼缴֮ϷģĪϣֽţӵܷ׷ΧۣɲĿࡣϧⷨٵʱûãԶ׼ġֽˮ»·硣ʱĪֽ͵ţȻҲ͵ˣֽ֮ȴûлصȥ
ˡ
ʦҲһôΪǺ˲ð
ֻʦҲǿ١
룬ֻʦǿҲ˵ġ
ʦ־ôһ̽ǳȴξ
ûʲô֪ûʲô첻ġ
ʦᷭƣֽ۵СƮڵأӵ¼һ֦ССϸ֦ȸƣڵ趯۾ԽԽС˽жȣֹϽľȻɽŽʽһһʽ˿תۼѾʹ˰׽ˡ
ʦ־ȻԦʹֽ鶯䡣ССֽͬϷһ㣬ʹ˵ȴǿȥô⡣ʦŶͣ˵ģСɽϣʦѧʹҲʮͷϼꣿʮꣿ˸ǣʮʲôеǰѾɽʮ꣬ʮ꣬ȴѹ߶մϡ˵ʦУʦ㹦ֻ¿ԺĪϱȼˣ
ֽһ׽ȻؾصĳһȻľȻôƮƮˡ
ҵ۶ֱˣʦ˵˾ʲôҸû˵һ顣
ô
ͷҪˣĿİͰͣһ̾ʦʦ֣ԭһֱز¶⣬ʵǡ
ʦҡҡͷⲻ

ʦеΣˣҽʲôģѵǽϷ
һ㶡
ǰʦҪ˵ɽУȴһʼĿĸˡ
ʦ̧֣ڰ黮һԲɽƽֻһΡܾ֮ǰһϿ飬ɽΡʱϻѨʲôӣֻǺߵĵطˣഫ˵ɽصڣΣ㲻ʲôءһطʵѵá
ұ˵һͷˮѾˣͷī죬Ӳ鱦ʯ⣬ǱȱҪһЩɽǱԵñƽҪûʲôϡ档ܵȺɽڿȥֻиʲôҲġ
_________________
ĸ׽ҪˡԼĸ֮󣬲֪ԭ֣ôΰ׵֣жôصκ͡
ǵĸ׽ڣ ҪԼ׼һȴãȻĲ֪ ׼ʲôźáƺκζܹԼ⣬Ҳ޷֮
ҵĶӣ㽫Ҳһ

77

ҵĵȻղ㿴ȴҵı¡ʦܵͣҹɫºöûע⣬ĵʮأڴɽȣӯ۶ɢ֮⼸ӽλãһѨ档
ģǲףЩʲôһܹһ㡣
⴦ط˿ʲô֮Ҫ֮ŷе졣ʦЩпĵط޵֮˻ħֶıءһֵڱʮꡣʦŵǰ˵ЩЩ޵ΪһõĶɱɱ㣬ѷĿ˳ɳĶȥˡ⴦طѵãֻ֪Ҳ
룬˵ĪĪǰǴǲǻй¶ˣ
ʦҲһ£˵ȻŵùǲŻ˰šպ͵Ľ鵱Ȼǲġ
鲻ʦ⻰ôôԵеҺպ͵£ʦֵĶ㲻ʮ߰˷Ҳˡ
֪ôҵһطģʵѵáպһֱĻضһǧĹѾʤ֪٣һֵϲ¡
Ȼպһ䣬ŹκһռıˡȻѾڴ˴ǵȻڼУڡ
ҺȻһ¡
պ֮ͻȻ뿪ֳٳٲɽΪԭ
ΪҪΪҪԼĹ

ɽÿ춼һ룬Σǲƽǲǳʲô飬ǡǻһʲôȲѵԭ򣬲Ųòҷֿ
ǣڿʲôѰֻǣֻط˵ջ̫Ϊǿԡ
ѡҷ롣

ʦֻ
ҼæعӦʲô£
ʲôأʦ΢Ц˵ǲǾһ鱦أĥҪģ
ҷ׷׵ģֻǳҲЦһЦû˵ЦʱΪʲôϵƤоôӲڣ
ʦ˵첻ˣξǲһҲٿʲôˣϸƣպ͵ôһ¡ĪǰֶͦΣôһ鱦أ˾Ȼһ֪ҪȻô徲޵ħ˻ø㣬Ϊͷ͵Ҳϧ
ǰ©Ȼ鷳
ѵΪԭ
պ
Уһ飬ʲô
Уֵжٷ
ʦôߵģôµģȻһҲ벻ел㱵ģý²ȵĲʵأ޻ɽЩ춼ԵʮָĤôңԶ졣
պʲôɽʱҪ˼һŴϣʲôҲֻô໥ŶԷ;ʮ̤ʵůһҲôխȣһߵŻᱻ˷֣һȴðյģ۵Ŀ֡
أ
ɽһûЩ֪ҪͬʦֵܣûʲôˣЩҲǵĹϵҪܻʲô
ˡ
ѵŬù
ڴϷȥôҲ˯šҲ벻ʲôͷǵþ˶ãԺĺһۣѾˡ֮ԶԶĴҾһǼܺ󶼱ӲֺƴһӲļʹ£ͷһϹȥţȴʦվſڣһˬºͣ΢Ц˵ˣ
ǿһЦⲻѾô
ʦֹеĿңôˣ涼ˣû˯ô
£һͷСܻµط˯̤ʵɡ
ʦ˵ľĺܣҵ˯ò
ҾˮҴϴ˰ͷЬʦ˵ҿ
Ī˵λˣƲȥ緹ɡ
̧ͷ֪ʲôʱĪվſڣУжȴ˺ѷ

78

ΪԼԺ̹ܺһʵϣûԵһ룬Ҿ̲סʣĪǰպ
ĪȻĺ˿ڰ࣬ĵ˵ذɡ
һʲô
Īּһ˱ҧһڣԵǽһ㣬ȫûżӣһֱģðģ첻֪ô¶˰ѪġᣬѪ嶯
һվ
Ī΢΢һЦ£ҪҾ˵ˣѪ嶯ʵܶûʲôҪģƫƫǿû˵ͻЩ㲻ؼĲ𣿡
ҷǷ⡣
ȭͷֻʣ
ĪЦе˵££ٰ갡ʵ˵һ仰˵ġ
ҾָҪȥĳ嶯Ʋסˡ
ͺ˵±嶯ԼŪôǱĪûѾе㷢ˣ£֪ǰһһʮ˵ָȥҲġ
󣬵ȴһ˾ô
ӡЦġ
ڵˣȴԵúİ
վ߳ţתͷһۣҪҪ
ҿһʦ֣Ȼ˵á
żɽ
˵ǣⷿӽĵطžͼɽ
Ī˵뿪żɽֱ˵ûãΪ롣
ЦЦ˵ǰ˵Ҳɽ°ɣ
Ҳòͷǰǣ԰ɣ
ҡͷڻǡ
𣿲ɽɽ£
˽ԲŲ߳ǽİɣ
ɶص㲻òãǴͷ˵𻰵갡ĵʲôϵҹģֻ֪պ͵£ҶĪĹʷûȤ
պ⺢ӴСûܹʲôۣҲһίܴˣǡʵûʲôĴۡ
ţеҲŷת찡۶ûգƻˡ
ҺͽĹ̴ܽžе⣬ӦҵĴµСӽʲôƽȨŪѷҪʲôҸԶȥС;ûѵ˵ʲô˵ʲôʲôʲôټϻΨ²ҵ̳ţǡҡͷǰ취ͰӼȥɽʦϣɽϿԺúĥһĥӡ㣬ȻҲɽκĴͬţǣҲţ͸߹֮ǰԺֺܲȣܲŪô鷳ĵز
ҸϽץסᣬеʣôˣ
ĪתͷҪ¡
ʲô
İ𣿡
£⡭
ǲ
˵Ӧáǰİɣ
ǣǡ
˵֣ǲ̫ʣ̫Ϊʱˣ
ǣȻǻĽԷģǣܾã֮仹ǷȱЩġϰ磬ҲӦ̹׶ȴһֱû˵ܡ
Ī沢ûвãȻǱЦݡֻǣЦԵЩأЩɣ
ǻ̫ˣҲȫ棬졣ȻܺԼǺܺõģֻǡܶ£ڶʱ򡣡
˵ñȴգʵûˣպôˣ

ͻȻպ͵Īû˵ڵĻû¡
͵ĻعͷպͷǽվԶĵطɫ԰ף۾ԵøڣʱƺһЩ
Ī´ɫԵúѿôܳˣţǲ롭
ҵ£ԼպȻȴӲģ㲻ǻҪȥµôٲȥĻҪϲˡ
Ī濴һۣԼС̧ͷɫ͹ȥŰʱֻ
պЩĲɵĵͷ
ҵĿ
ɫ쿴Ҫ⣬°ƺһЩԵúһͻ
պôˣ

79

ĪˣպͿվվȡֹȥסȻһ£Աи̶̵ʯգ˵°ɡ
ңϵЩϲѹǰûϿ˾ЩãȻᡣ
ǲһֱ岻ãԣ
ͷ䣬˰ΣӦһǰղҲ˵ˣʵ̫̫Ϊǡ˶ңû֮ǰҲΪ£ҲУҲУҵʱܲһ£ΣŻҺ档һ£˵һΣһ֮ҵĹԪұòҪȴû뵽ôء
һ˵ǴǡǣΪʲôȴࣿѵңҶ㡭
æ˵£ԼԭϰĹȻ˫ޣǼġǡʱԲűҲҪֻʱѾɼûȥ˵һĻˡ
ԶӣָЩȥգô粻˵֪춼ôˣǲʲô⡭
˵Ҳ֪ôԭί͸һ仰˵ǼŴʡ̣ҵһһ˵ļȫͬÿ˶ֻԼԼߵĵ·ҲҪ㣬ǲ֪˵ȴǲ㵣ġʵôԶңܻϲġ
еƵ˵ܻϲյӿɲǺܻϲһȳһٸɴףǺûɡҺʦֵĹϵ֪ģǰûʲôԺҲô㲻ҪС۶ģԼԼȥ
Ц̫ôȴҡܶ鶼벻ϲҪºڡǰܾԼɣܣûʲôʤңûʲôӮҡȴŷվ΢ãСԵݼǲɿܵĶҵʱʱ飬˵˵һ׽ŪѶǰΪȻڲŷ֡
Ȼס˿ڣ̧ҵҲˣֱϿԿ͹Ĺǣָеҵü䴽Ữҵңϲħһ˵ֻ֪Ҳû㡣
̹׵ģֿİȴû۵ĸоֻǾһŨŨȻûɵģۿҲˣպͣҲһ
ʯһһ£Ŀճλã¡
£ȻסЩʱգｫ壿ҵģҡ
㲻ô΢΢һЦ˾ͺá
ͷĿֱɴϣô
ҡͷˡˣСΪʲôҧңȥˣĪǰô
պȻǴ΢ЦΪʲôǾЦ̣ſɬǰû¶Ĳɣ
岻֮⣬ûиҰɣңҶ˽⣬岻ãҲ¶ӵģģ΢΢ļµı顣
ʲô£Ϊʲôϸң
պͰϵĲֲ𿪲鿴˿ڣһˡҪþҲմˮŪ࣬ܿõġͣһ˵ӡҪһʱˡ
˵СһҲϲŭ޳úöͻȻҧһڡҧûУ
պһЦҡҡͷ֮Żҧ˵ġûе¡
Һٷֱһûκŭ飬ڵ΢΢ؿůȪˮһ滺סƣû˵ɽ紵Ҷ죬̫ĸ߸ߵģյ΢΢Щѣĸо
Щӣһʱ壬һʱЩ͸ųһȥЩ顣һ̫ܲƽаŵ飬ɽһ·Ҳ̫ƽɣ
ҵͷǣһ·ħ˲٣˵겢
ͷǵģЩԵʣֻҲûвҲãگȥﵹЩگŮҼԨԴǲȥȥ̽
һѿ˵ѲҲȥ

80

ȻĪպͶû˵۾Լܿףպڵʵ⣬Ĵ̫£һɹϷȣպյȴûаȶȡɫ԰ûаѪɫ̫ţֱһʱᱻ紵ߵıֽ
廹ʲôҪȥ̽Ҳ飡
һЦҵƿôûôáҵѾöˡ֮ǰС꣬Ѿж磬ǲ뿪ɽ̫Զ㷢˰ɣɽӯ޵˵ıءżȥͷһأ·˵ѾҵͷˡֻЩĴ̫ƽѾƫƧ鷳ʱҵȫڣҶӦҲ߸ˡֻԷˣж˵ˣûȫþˡٹվûˡ
ʵʵ˵û˵λĴ岻þͲҪȥǿȹ˺ԼʲôҪ
ҵȻˣҲõġ
һ˵ָᰴҴϣȻĴȡָӡ
̫ɹЩ̵Ƥ촽һӽӴ΢¶ȡ
ҾñЩԣȿ֣ĸоȫ
ҺѾֱ̫̫ãõΪǰⲻԼ룬һ̫ʵΡ
ȻɽϣʦעͬѰʦ󿴻ǡҵĵףȴһ䣬Ҳ߲
պ͡պ͡
ĳ嶯
ҾȻһֱûзҵУ˹Ҫ
һĵطԭڳģҲֻϡ
ǽֲ˭ġ
ǷֿպͿҼϴ˼Ц㻹ǲǵ˵Ļ
ЩĪ˵Ļɲ٣֪˵һ䰡
Цеҧгݣûġû취˭ƫ׼˰㲻ǵҲҪԼǵþˡ
ұ˵ĺ׷ʲôʲôʱ˵ģѣҿ϶Ǽǵõġ
Ҽϲ£ҪԺܻġշ
ǰüһʱ
ɽ紵еҪҪȥ
˵ˣáá
ҪҲûƴǣ͹ϣҵļǾôһûһ˵̫ɹģպ͵Ҳ˵΢¡ļ򣬾µ˱ȼ˺ܶࡣ
Ǻܾ֮Ҳʱʱ⣬ɽ磬ڶ˵Ļ
˵ǾôһֱȥҺ㣬ֿòã
ؿģееۡ˵á
һ̾Ц˵еİӶأȥԷȻͶˡ
˵Ҳûʲô˵ʯǾôţҪ˵ҲʯͷҲֿˡ
ЩЦζĻȴ׷ңһʯͷҿϲϡ
ҿҲĴ𣬺һ𣬱ʯͷˮɷ硭ûйϵ
Ǻվʱȶˣ̫ҲҪɽˡ
պҪվȻӴһ˻ȥҲö٣վġ
߲ЦҪʯͷˡ
˵ҪҰʯͷؼȥ
ЦЦȻȻתͷ󿴡
˳Ŀ⿴ȥʦ־վԶĵط֪ǸѾվһûʲô飬ҲǸһξ룬ҿĲ
ģ룬ʦɢģǵģ
Ƿ羰ڿˣ
Ȼҷպվȣַҵļ
תͷȥʱʦѾ߿ˡ
ʱѾˣΪһĪ档
Ȼ˲·ͷЩңޱԵЩɣһͷɢڶҲȥ£ͳԡ
ô˵أպʡ
ĪͷҲ̧鷳ֲַ̫࣬һӦȥկǱߵִͣ˺üˡ
Ǳأ
Īͣ˵û֣û취
Һһȥ
Īҡͷçײº̫򵥡ҪֻֻʬţС¡ҹûô򵥡
ʦֺȻڣĪǰϸ˵һ˵˶һԲߡ

81

ʵ˵Ҳ򵥣رΡ¶ģǿɽ֮ٲźһȫɽԶԶȥŵģȸһͷײȥܹɽĳҲûаϢˡе˻ȥһ̽Ҳȥ޻ءǰЩگҲȥ̽ȻǼȥ˵ֻһ㣬ܲһҲӲͬţ뺣Ƶġһȥﱻľ͸ӿɲˡǰЩң˵顣ΪĹͻȻҵסѲû취һûٻУҲУŮȥ̽յĵеʲôʧǿɾͲ˵˵ˡе֪ġ
պʹĻҲ벻㣬˵ȥһҲûж鷳ѽ
Ī濴һۣ㣿ܱסԼͲˡʱʱ͵ôȵʱ˼һûԼȵˣǲŽ˼ء
ҿպֿͣʦ֣ٿĪ档
ȷ͸Ź죬ҲδĪ浣ĵôն
ٻͷպ͵ɫģģȴ־ĪĵҲԡӣģ˵ȥûˡ
ҶõĲˡպÿҲúõһ̲˸Ĳӡ˵£ҲͷһʵڲУ򲻹ңȻܡ
˵ɣЩССֵĲһҪǴ򲻹ͿǰЩȥЩеôûһܳģˮأЩѵǾһˣԵܡҺ˵¾򵥣뻨ж˵оǲС
ʦֺȻ˵ʦǲ㣬ҵǿԴΪһ⡣˵ܹħֻ̽һ̽ΣСĽһЩ޷
룬ҲͷǣҺʦȥ̽һ̽ҲãܰЩæ
Īһԥҡͷסϸĥĥһ׵İ취źáȥδظΪߣǰüȥˣҪ˵ЩҲǸһвһ˼ǿδʵͲȥˡ˺ü죬⣬ǳǺ档һо綾һȥĿʧϣаĻҲ͸ˡҪ¶뷨ӰǺɢ˲ǡóȻǰʤûмɡ
һٷԵʳζպɫãĪҲһ£ĥ˵Ǽ飬Ҳ벻ͷżƳһʦ֣һ˼顭
ȥʱʦ˵⵹ҲѡڹϿ෢ɽ䣬ȣʪ򰼶ۡҪΣȻףȴҲûа취
Īе΢΢Ц⣬ֻϸʱûˡ
ô˵а취ˣ
ʦֵͷ˵ûľҲ˵һаճȥȿ˵ԣȻĪǰϾ˼ҺʦܴΪЧһ⣬ɳҲ˵
ĪƬ̣ҲãǾˡЩܻҩһЩķ䣬ǶЩмһҪСĽвףҪðգ֮ȫһ
պ˵أ
Ī濴һۣʵʵĸһ𿴼ҵˣ¶͡
պ͹һȻûз⡣һʲôʱôˣ
ʲôɣ
ĪȻҲһ˽ʵڼ͵ܺ֡
Ǽ⻰˵׼պһҲǸ
Ī϶зͽжжĥ
ô̶ʦֺվͶȥگϵƿյɽ̽պ۰Ͱ͵Ŀң˵˲ʮСģһеûĵҩֽһ
ҺȻʱ˵үүǵʿҲ˵ʿǼˣүүһҵǲ֪һﵱʱЦ˵ԼҲǵʿңҡ⻰ûˡҪңôħֹȥ
ˣȻСģģˡ
պ͵һۣ裬үһûءС﷭
ͷٺһЦպԶԷıһͷһſǶͲˡ
ιһѣ㡭
ҽ˯ˣôае߳ŭݺݵĳ죬󡭡ֻҧһܵĲӰС꣡ʲôʲôʲôպ͵꣬ĺҲĵĺҧңֻ˵ҩһҲûǺ꣬ƺҾ͸ñҧСҧĺܶԺռƵġãǲһװû¶ҲͲˡ´ٽҿǸβ͵ëһҷǵøÿС齻飬һҧ˿ɾͲˡ
ڨЦ˯˯
ôУȻУС
̵ĴϨƣߵЬҲϴ˯档
պûһҺٺЦ
ЦʲôֹƵġ
ûû¶
ô˵ûֺٺٺЦ˼
в㣿պͷױʲôأʵ˵
ѹ˵û¶ǺȻ뵽һС¶
ʲô¶
СˣأǽҪһˣҹĪǽʲôأǽйǽ
պ;һû˵
Ӵ
飡
ұһ˴
ƨɺۡûˤİģ
Ȼһ˵ͷСȱȣһڣһš
е㲻ͬġ

82

ӯɽȵǸô̫ƽƿɽеĻҪ죬մʦֵĹ⡣ȻУʦѾȻڹҽҲʲôرķɽֻһʮӷɣٶҲ죬΢һ㣬һٶȡӣһܹط
ʦѽģɽɷ潣ˡ
ʦһЦ潣ɲܹɷɽʹȻԵֻҪɻժҶԿˣᣬΪҲûôߡѽɽʱеģԻƣʲô⽣ǰһλ޵֮ˣ⽣Ҳ򵥣ҵ⽣Ҳɡ
еƣôպ͸ףǰӣҲöĹôȻ԰Լķɽ͸ĪǰûʲôҸʹ
ʦΪΪͺô
еƣҲò׼ԥ˵ûʹɣ
ʦһЦô˵
˵Щ޵ʮͨк绽ƵġʵҪɽҲ٣ʩʱķʹɽܹﵽˮƽȻ٣ҲǴܹ쵽
˵ҲܶĪϵĴºŽƽɣķͷһľƺ«ڶ彣ҿУԦԦ«ĺ«ܶپƵȥҡֻаĸоҲƮƮģûһʸСʵڽ˲ò̾
ʦȣҽļȻãʱһЩѴԼҲᾪȻֱͦûһֽˡû취֪ԼˮƽֻмＸأԦе¶һʱʵϰ߲ʦҲ֪ҲԾмͣϢء쵽طʱҪһԴһӣҪƹȥ뷭ɽʵڻҪϾͲôҡңڰڵķɹȥˡԦʮֲص˿˲֪ᵱʲô쾰أһˣֻһûȵȥһ붼ʵǻֶˡ
˴䵽ϣѣͷҪĻǻѾ塣ֽţǰתתʦֺЦһԿڣȻ󿴿ɫ
ҪǲͣĻǽɽʱ򣬶Ҳͺˡ
ʦ˵һûڶѾʱˡ
룺Ȼסһҹһ£˳ϵ˴һɽϸΣһϢˣٽɽȥ
ʦֵͷǣЦſң벻ڿҲͦȫˣⲻǾ
ۣʲôͦȫѵǰͷǳçײģ
ʦǰͷҿû˵Լ˵İ
ãԭʦҲȡЦˡ
ΪʲôܾʦûϿôɿأȻҲûпʲôֻǣָо
˵ĸо
Ϧ䣬ԶԶĳϷ΢΢һݡ
ʦͣ½Ųͷңôˣ
ָָǸ򣺡֪ǲۻǲ̫Ծ￴춼Եеɵˡ
ʦϵζҲˡϸ˿˵ûۻĪǰ˵ģָˡ
ٿЦҲûˡԶĻҪصöࡣ
Ӳ̫СǽûֶˣöŶģĻңжʱûסˡһСջϰϻĿأĲ̫סҲ֪˵ʵڲ̫ƽĻ̵̻ġм˽ɽʧ٣ɽϵĺԽԽŨΧԽԽ֮кЩǨߵ˼ҶѾǨˡ
ҪĿͷϢ
Һʦ˵һȻǺԲߡʦһЩҪע£粻УһҪűεҩ裬ҪСı۾Ҳϸǰ鱾Ҫҳʲô취ɢһ̽һ綹ջǼûסʲôˣЩĻš
ʦĳһЩġպͲ֪ʲôôûǿȥ鷳ġԼķֽʲôģ֪ܲóһ̧ͷʦֵĲļϸӷ͡ҵĲ֪ôģȻ©һ¡

83

ҺʦڵһȻ
ղԤ⣬һҹǵúúõϢ
ȴ˯š
Ϩ˵ƣڵĺܣﰲ
պʲô
֪ʱЩ˵˭ˡ벻պͻĪô赭д˵ʱɽȥЩ£ԭųħ¡
ֻﻹø
պͿԣеӣʵҲﻹǸǳͳˡһ·ʵ̫ˣɵһ֮㣬ǰ;ӢЩ֮һ·ҼԱֻ벻Ǹ˿ڳ̵ԭպ͡
ȷǸ죬׽ǰɽǰĪƺҪԵѷɫ׿ǰ;һƬ·ϳЩӢ¼ɫѶϢҲв١ҵʱɲ֪λŻͦζĳĳ˱ȣԴ˾ͷİһĳĳŮһʣΪ֪ĳĳĳĳСĽѾá
һˮǴߵģЩаħǵߺޡҲһַĿ϶ɣ
˵µʱ򣬵һӦȻʣŵȷݰɣ
һЦеģϵ˵ͦӵģϸϸĺ˵һȥɵõġ
һֱ֮ǰԥû˵ʲô͸ˣ˴˶˵ҪԷСıء
û˵
в˵ڡ
ֻҪҪΪԼΪҸɣôһѳ
ʵ˵ˣҺ̹֮Ľ
ϧڵһУ¸ı䣬ʧȥɽϵЩʶ֪ˡʦʦֵǣУպ͡
ԽţԽǶԼصܸе־壬еͻҡ
ܵгһձ֪ҵʱ򡭡Ǹʱ򡭡
ڵһжʧȥɣ
պԽԽԵùʣҵĻֺ̿ǾԽ
ʦֽʹΣǲ£ҶñĻˡ
Ǻ˭Ҳ˵ܡʦֳȻǶҺܺã֪ħС޳ɽԭǰػĵģ˵ʦϾҪеΪˡ
һֱ붫ַȥһֱ˯šԽ˯žԽýǣԽǾԽû˯⡣
ȻϿ
͵ץסߵĳ
ѵ
һϤޱȵѹɤ˵ι
Ȼæ½˹ȥ˴һӰɵű۰ұס
㣬ô
˴ЦҶ˵˿˿ֱ٣ѵɣιҿĲģ
ģ治֪ԼӦòӦÿġΪƿɽϵħ֮ǰɽǵ鷳ء
ĪǰҲΪİ˵ˣҲġҷᱧסϴҹĳͺ⣬Ȼҹ·ġ
ôģſߵ߰
һƵĵĹǿ˼ªĿջ䡣
ɽѽȻ˵ҲǽЪޣҲµĺ׼ɡ
ȣҲƭ㣬ѾˡԼԼڴۣ˸ӴôԶ·ҿеˡ㻹û˯ţ
ҵͷ
٣Ҳ²¡ЦģֻɶС꣺Ϊƿɽְǡ˯ž
ʵʵ˵С
Цֿ죺ǣĸأ
е㷢̣ʵ˵һ㡣ֻǸµʱе㵣ɽ¡ľͶˡ
֣Ұ
ͷҼϣáҲһֱ㣬ܲġƿɽµȷô򵥣ҵǲô֣µó顣֮ǵּǣ򲻹ܣƴŵѵܲǣ
㡭һȥ
ҼһģҺ㣬ǡǡʦֺһȥ
ʵ̲סֺֺЦⶼʲôʱˣ㻹ס
ңԼҲͰˣҺһҲĴġչҴһ£̾ˣ컹£Ͼ͡ú˯ɡ

84

۾ʱֽ͸ص΢⡣
߿ˡ
ҷһвҹһΡ
̫պˣм
ȻҿҵĳԱߣһѽպ͵Ľ
ѽú˩ţϵһ
һ֪˭ġ
ӿЦ۵ĸоѽĦ¡
ˡ
ʲôȥˣȥô
Ȼת
ֱıۣϸ
ʦ֡ó
ɽϵʱżóݾɲݵѣʮֶ
һںɽصķ嶥ʮֱ֪
һת۴Ȼһ
Խ
˭˭ںʦһࣿ
ȻһһθߣһͻתϣͬһȴûˣԵãô⣬·ɽķ磬޶ȥΣչڣ˳
һ𣬽ϵһͷǷƵˮʯڳš
ƿ˴
һ㵭ĳһŴҵĿֻܿվڲԶ£Ĵ˿סǵΣǾֻѵ°Ҳϴңʦ಼ִЬպʹǸѥ
ڴҶѣ
ҼԼǷһС
պʦ֣ûкͺ˵һ仰ܰʦֿɼУֻСһԼĵ̡һֻƻСꡣ
ܶʦպͣôһʦִյһȥȥ˵һòݵѴӣ
Σ˯ʱʲôҲ֪飬ҿǰı仯
վľ벻ԶҲһôҿպͶһ£Ȼֻ֦ͷʦ˵˾ʲôת
ȻҲվڴңֻ̧¡
ҲӦĻһ֡
ʱϴһĳ⡣
ᷢüëͽë϶һЩϸܵССˮ飬ҲΪʪ⣬ԵøӱӨ
㡭ղǺʦһ𣿡ҾþΣҲε龰ġ
պ͵ͷǰ
ʵͺ棺Ƕ˵ʲô㣬˵ʦֺһֱ
պ΢΢һЦչҼһ£ҺʦҲûʲôҺޣǰЩᣬ˵ˡ
Ŷô򵥣պʦֵôأ̬˾ⱲܶʦֻΪѡֻҪһ뵽ʦ׺ΪҡʵھǻƣǸж
Ϊ䱦һţҴûġ
պôͻȻ뿪أǲס
պȻ⣬ͷãȻкһȥ緹
ұһӵʺţ˵﷢ʦѾˣѾԹںࡣ
Ǻ࣬ʦҲԵ̬ݣá
պȻֹ⣬ֻ˾磬һûд׵ĸо
ʦվһһĶţһУǳǳۣҲǳЭ
ңԶûôȣô
ʦֺ΢ЦҲԿк
˺󡭡ϵͦõѣɽϵʦֵһȻǢദ
Ҿû˯ѡֻ£ʵڳҵⷶΧ
оǹϵҪãȴǱų⵽Աߵľˡ
ָо֡
ףʲô԰»Ҫ·ء
һعæץױҧڣ¡ȴҭˣͣĴŸö
ʦЦպǰݹһĻЦ㲻üûҪ
ǣʦѾõҪ
ĲסλɳʩպͻȻһٰʮȴת䣬ʦֺǢ
ҵȻǲˣҲǾʲôá
ֻǣֻǾе֡ңǾôͺõģȫڹ
ˣֻϺҹϵΪҪõˡһҵʦ֣ĺѡһҵˣҵ֮ϵԭмϵһ
ڷ£ȴȫͷԡ
ָо˵ʵοȴôġ
бУһȥ̽ƿɽ

85

ǺֵƿɽԶȴҲ˽һʱνɽž˵¡
ԽԽǻǾĻһָоһա
ɳˣ˼ûС
ҵɽϣĺƺҲͣסˣš
ӣһ˲ζǳǳƣ¸Ĳʵζԭƽ͵ľƺʲôѹѹ˾ú󺰷йһ²źá
ô죿
ֱǿ϶еģǰЩçײһ³
պЦЦһɫһɲǼһǳ̵ĹӰɢ˰С
ûʲô󰭡ʱûģʱûʲô˳Ҳü
ұɫĹӰ˺üû˸ղƵĸоЦſ㵹еš
ʦһЦɲʲôˡǽǰƵģǲǣ
պҡͷû¶ԣƵġ
ʦе⣬ͷ˵ѧԨԴ
պӣͷǵðѹͰҼͷǰɣұ¸㲻ˬ
ʦһתͷ˸Ĭϡ
պҧгݣȴĿࡣ
ˡڿЦ
ʲôʱǾȻôҪˣͷԡƽƽһ˯ѣȴ˸ʶˣ˭˰ɣ
ʦǰҺպͽţ̤ɽ
ʵʡɫǳǳ⻪ȴǵ˽ͰܣȴֲֻϡǰһҵĵطԶʲôҲˡͷܶһŵĺڣҲֻ͸һ㣬ͻȻ˺ҹؼĹȥˡ
̹Ͱֲֶ
ҴΪ̾Һպʶôã治֪ı¡ҲǣҸǰЦ֣ҪǲճճĶ֪ȥ
պͶһ䣺̤ȥˣ϶йŹ֡
ӦһǰʦֵıӰСֹɣϧ
˵ʲôֻƬﲻʲô˼ֻʦֽŲͻȻʲôһ£еϣȻָֻ糣˵ʲôţ
ٺٵЦһ˫һ㣬ݵȻԵúɰû˵ʲô
Ҳʦ֣ЦЦҲ׷
ųǱôһȻһҲýž衣
ʦ˼ʮͣվҲͣ½šããĺУССããһҶСۣô顣
ʲôˣպ͵ʡ
ʦһ֪ʲôˡֻ벻Ǵġ
պͱ죺֪ĵࡣô¶أ
ʦ˵ܶǰиʬĺܲԹɢöҼǵסĳĺǼʬ紵ɢղȻסպ׷ʣպж𣿡
ʦֻû𻰣ʣЩĩڣҾ֪ôɢأʲôҲҲҲҲûôˡ
һ㲻պô˵ԭͲá
ʦ෴
ʦ΢΢һЦҪɢҲѡ
͡˵ͷʦֽס˵ͷûЩõĶȴҲ첻
պͱҭһ£üͷ⻰˵û˵
ʦֶָ˵Ȼմ˼޵֮ϢȷһĻҩҲûʲô˲á֮ǰ̽ɽ޵֮ˣδؾ벻ôһûȥأм»бĹŹ֡
պܿǿʲôҲҺò˶١
Ȼ˵
ʦһЦ⵹ʵˡҸղž˵֪ġҵԴط˰˷ˡ
պЦЦʦ֣˶˵㲩ѧʶȻʵϡ
ʦüһչʦܼѧԨԴź磬Ҳʵ
ҿʦֿ֣պ͡
ȻȻһϿĶ£һǾʵͻأôҲⲻˡ

86

˼䣬˵ҲͳһûͳһֻҵԴͷ˵˵ʲôҲ״˺ʲôҲֻŪľµģµǺڸǵԱֵΣա˵ʲôںĺ档һŨīܾЩڰƺкЩ۾ڿǣŻúĽŲԵóأҲе΢΢ĽӲεסһ
պͶţ̹Եֵȴʲôʵϵ˺Լöľ裬Ȼһֻŵǿɾ˵̫ԩˡ
һ·ţǰЩ˿ʲôûʲôͷΪһֱʲôҲû·ƽе㷢ëɽϵ߳ϰ˳ȫúˣЩܵµʬʲôİɣУЩ̽ɽˣ޹ʧٵĴӣǻʬԽĹ졣
Լ˰ɽպվסţܣָָǰĺƺŨ
ʦͬĵͷȴûʲôرĸоҲñȱ𴦾͸ڣպôģ
ҵЦЦŵġ
ȴҲʲôûż
ˣӱȽɡ
ʦָƬ̣ǽпһʱˣûʲôͷ·ʱɵÿЩҲҪ⡣
һʱôѾ˴ƵģĹϵ˾ʱԵϡ
ǱȸղߵĿЩȻͬŨīҹɽԽԽߣ¿ƽ
ףʦͣ
ô
ǰ桭ƺǸɽ
պ͵ͷͬɽһܴ󣬶г·򲻻Ĳ
ʵʵ˵оԼرûá
ʹģҺһ䡣
ӦǡպֵϿ¿ĺûŨ
Ҳܿպһ۾ǲ۾ܵĺ̹ܵԵøͨ͸ӳպ͵ϣǽƵƺҲᷢһ㡣죬ͷŤȥ
ɲʱ
ʵǣ˵ĹȻû̹ķΧ֮ڣҲǰ´һڣҲϸ΢ķӶﴫȻⶴ˵һ򵥡
ģȸղſ˺öࡣ
ǰͷɡպ΢΢һЦҵĸйҪһЩΣҲеԤС
Ҽæһѣ㡭ջָǰͷ
ʦֶЦˣ㻹мɣһǰ棬պͶϺ󡣱һȥ˳˺·
պ˵ǵ¡׵ľǿ򣬷ߣʲôҲ˾ܡι˵ⶴʲôʬ֣Ǵħͷ
ʦҡͷҿûǸδ֪һһɡ
ǰ棬պһѣҲŷԼȻ֪ʲôʱϴˣϽϡ̹ȻǵĽŲƶǳһѴɡһƬããĺɫĺƮһƬҶ֪ʲôʱͻᱻ򷭴顣
ʦһΣ˵ĺȻҪһЩԴͷȷֻɵʱ򲢲ŨأЩΪòűôġһ̧彣ʶӨ͸ɵĺ⣬ԽԽҪ͸ѾĺԵӳ֮ѾԼɼһͿԿߵĵطⶴѨϿխߵĵطֻȴããȻȫһʯŵ׺ߵĶڶӲʯͷ￴һɽͬһҲûгʪ࣬Ҳࡣ
˵ⶴȻģǺ쿪ġպýżⴥһߵʯڣȻγɵʯɳǥӡǡ
ҵͷȻˡ
˳Ǹպ۶ϣǲ֪˭ġ˵ҲһһһĿɽɻ𣿡
ʦЦЦҾʹˣʦԼԶУʱգĵá
治ʲôǶôãһѵôסǰͷʲôأ
Ҳ䣺ʬ٣Ȼʬδأʦ˵ǲǣ
ʦֵ˵ͷֻǣû˵йʲôĹ֮࣬ʷӦҲʲôսʬ˲ʮʮɢô
պ͸ɴ˵ˣ벻׵»ĥʲô𰸾ͷ˼ȥ̽
½ǡ
ʦҲ˵ûдպ͵Ӿǲ
Ϊʲô;أʦһֻ̱࣬һЦ˹ӣһáޣ˵ˡϸҾԼ߯ûϢˡ
Ȼ˭ҲΣϲ£˭ﶼס
طѰԼǰЩЩҪյĶࡣǺѰôѾĴպӦÿӦĪҲһ٣ٶֹ
պͻ͵͵ˡ
Ϊ˺ʤΪðա
ǡȴãûкʦһҲδؾͻ
ս˽
ʲô
ƴҲҪ
պ̧ͷŶʲôӦƵתͷң΢΢һЦ
ǸЦӰǳǳ۾綬ҹ˸ĺǣǡ

87

ԽߺԽȻȫûˡҵһ仰ɤû˵ʦպͶ´˰ɣȫⶴģȻԽԽĵ
ʦһ仰־Ҳû˵֪ԴͷʲôӦǴⶴɵûֻԴͷûˣԶĺˡ
˵ʱվһϿʯѨǰ棬պüͷȻ˵ĺûˣɱǰ滹ûСɽȻ࣬ѾˣߵĻֻʱ䲻
ûжַ
һۣһӱ飺ΪⶫôƵİɽʱһֱͳֻôһ
ãʵĲԡҲԣȻ֪طöԸǸﲻж
պͻҪ˵ʲôȻ¶еɻı飺ףʲôûУ
ûʲô
ҡҡͷȥϸ˵
еãȻĿʦ֣ȴҲ¶֣ص
û˵ʲôҲʲôˡ˵ʲôе˵ģƵĺܡҲ˵ƺ˷ôһĹѾ¡¡ԽԽպͺȻ̧ͷ㣬ɽи
ûĻ˵꣬ͷʯصһըѿֻĿһɴˮͷֻȥһ̣Ҳ֪˭ӣǹɴˮѾ˳嵹ס޴ĳ·صʯϣǰһڣ߹ƺƶ˲֪ʹƺеθҳһŽžǱпˮǺҽֽͽ͵ǰƬҲ費Ǵһ沨ұˮжⶴҲ϶ûж㶴ˮƾĹԱǿ϶´ࡣ屻ˮıֱУתһ䣬ȻˮףͬʱһգһԴоµ䲻һУһмͨһֵһֻһֱˮû˶
ε룬㣬˳ɲɽкɽ»аӣʲôƵطʲô¶׽ģˮͷתôһ¶ȻȻһһļҪʲôˮˮ֮ǿҪˡ漴Ҿ׹һץһˣһץסҡ
ûãûзֿ
ǰЩʶ֪ˮͣȲסͽͷƵҲ̫ãοˮ¸ߵͲƽҵͷ֪ʲôײһǣ߹Ҳ֪ĿʯϺݺݵȥʹҺһѪǶҲʲҲ²
ֻҧǵòɿ֣˲Ҫɢǵǲɿ֣ȴѾ֪ˡ
ƺһһ󣬽˵ۣоԽԽۣȴϱһôССĶҲ˰
ˣѹˡ
պ͵˵Ҷһ£ãûȣ޷
ʦ֡
һ
ûʧɢǺ¡
۵ʱһ˫鶯۾Ҷϣգһգ
պЦ˵˾ˣװ˯𣿡
ҵ붯һ̧־;ûþȫϴֺƴһ۵ĺܣҲû
ʦֳֹĶϹǲŸսϣȱЦ
ͷˣãҾ˵һ۰
תͷʦվԣպһ߻һ˵˾ͺáȥ̽̽ǸʲôطˮôļˮһҲֲ϶Ѿƿɽˡ
Ҵһؿھ󱻻ھؾ⶯ƵҪѿһۣպ˵ŻȴһʱҲûң˵𶯣ֿԡҩ ֻҪһֹۡҪõĻûǲɡ֪ҾͰҩƿװʵЩڱˮ˴룬ҩЧҲˡ
ʣǡ۵Ķһ£˵ʲôط
ʦ̾һ֪ʲôط
ҿԼڵ£ϲ֪ǵٻݣ֮ӲֻҲûƺһǳʯ̲ϣˮӦòԶԼԼˮϵѵѾŪˡû̫صķ·ʱҪһꡣҴһ뵽ղӿļǾú¡
ôɣǡߵˮҲʱйˣ
ԼѾɽˡպ߶һ䣬ְʲôڵ£ˮˡתͷʦ֣֪ʲôطô
ʦҡҡͷ㲻ˮ·ҲûáҸղѾԹͿˮҲɡһʲôط
£תͷպ͡
Ͽϲŭֻǵ˵ͷ˵֪ˡ
ҿ˻ڴգ龿ôƺȫףֻڹʵ˵ơ
̧һͷûؿڵһûԽԽء
պͶҰһͷ۵ȥֻ˵˰ɣȥЩԵ
ʦȴ˵أȥͺá
ӯת˲ûӰͷԣ֪ǵΪ֣ء
պ£Сʯͷʯͷƺˮ˵¶ɲֻôǲɣǡ
ѻ˵вУһͷˮ
պתͷңѾگˡ
گ£ѵ嵽˵ĵˣ
طֻ˵ԭ˰گ˿ӣگְ˿ģɽççδҪ·ȥһ¡
պͿЦҪˡһ˵Ǳˮͷתϰ죬ˮšµڣŷֲͷ
Ҿؿ۵һۡ
˵ǵħֵϼˡ

˵ħɨҲ룬ûնݳһһ˵ƬͽħֻǴ˵鴫˵˭Ҳ֪Ƭط벻ȴײˣ治֪̫û̫


² ·

88

ħ
ҵĻ
ôħ
ȻܵؽӣʱСܼĶࡣħʲôѾȫûӡ󡣺ܶʱƴȥǶδħӣȴһŻ磬ôҲ벻κ˵׺ϸڡ
һܣɫ磬ܺҲʵڲжϵʲôʱ䡣ΧɽʯӭڶĲҶƽʱĲûʲôͬħ
ħǲǾħأ
һġֻжʲôλ涼Щʲôˡȴȫûиˡ
ָоʱʱû̿֡Լļ䣬ȴ޷ԼԺнϸҳ·ƾȥһ飬ϡ
ôպʹսң˿۵ɫܲá
Ҳ֪ҵɫ϶ÿˣȴΪ˵˿ڵԭ
ҼЦݣû¡ôĪģܻܲȥǲǺΣգ
ѽҵܵˣЩҿҲ֪պͶһ£˵ģȻħǲҲδؾû취Ըȥ鲻֣Ҫ˵װұ֤¶
ЦֲЦ˿پʹ̣С˵Ҿš㲻װҲ͹ˡ
죬¶һ顣
ЦãȻ޴룬ܾи޴ǾԣԼȴΪ
ħô֪أ᲻Ūˣұһϣʡ
ûŪһ½űߵʯӣǸղϰʱⰶ˵ġ˵ЩײˡңħĽ֣һдʱ䶼̫졣㲻䣬ΪղҸ˿ҩЧˣ϶Ҳܸо綼ġһ˵ħֻܿǰġҪţǵȵơ
š
ұۣĺһ
š
ι۵ĺ𣿡սҹеʣҵϡ
Һһ
ҾȻֻˡ
ʱһⱲӴҲٻطˡ
ڡȻĪĴˮһ壬͸ˡ
պС߶ҶĲɵš
Ȼħ͵һ̧ͷֳ߹ǵ˴ʹðӴһ
ιιҶüҪ˿ɾѺˡ
ҽͣղе񡭡˵ʲôʲôħģ
պ͵ͷħüһɾħ˵ǸħͷиҳǸһܾ࣬䲻㡣ⲻǣֻЩʬֶ֮࣬ûͷԡǼһЩµȵֻɲСӡ֡ĻǾͻĴң缸ʮǰλɨϽİ½ֻǸ֮ǰ
ҴĻҲ֪ħǸʲôĵط
ЦЦȻתͷʦֻˡ
ҵĶԶղʲôҲû˵֮Ҳתͷȥ
ʦֹȻˡ
ӱպڣӴ⡣ڵʳƺҲůࡣ
ʦЩҩպͽӹͿһʹƣϯʲôʱ˯ŵľȻһҲǲ
䣬۵ʱ򣬱ȽŶ͸ˡ
Ҷһ£ԼڻѱߣλѾǱů͵λáպͱϥԱߵ£ʦһߡ
Ҳһպ;ۣЩ˯ʵĵ˵ôˣ
ҳۡ
һˣһߵЦһ߰ұߵһߵ£ǿһֻԼɿڼ
㲻𣿡
ַҸ£СĲҵˣİҪ㱧ңǼ˯ůЩ
΢΢ȣʦһߣ˵ţЩܱһů
պͷ£˸ǷﵹǺȻаš
һ㶣˵£ҵûô档
̧ͷʱ򣬹Ȼһ¹죬ȾѪɫ˿˾;ؿƵĻš
һʱȻЩ㱡
ƺİ
Ӧ￴ֻȴǲ塣
ʲôʱأ
ʲôطأ
ʦһֱһ𣬹ȻȸղůࡣպҲ϶۵ĺˣδؾѾȫã˵仰ͷ΢΢˵ҿһ¡
ĿҼϣСĵûдҵ˴Ҳûа˵ѹ
㲻õģûдʲôġħҲеˣֻ޵Ĳˣȫħ֡˽̽̽ο¶æŻȥķӾ;൱Щ鷳ɱһӵë
һ仰һ仰͸ŨŨĹк顣һӦţϴĳϴȥ£һ£
һʣ˯ûУ
Ӧû
һ𣿡
룬˵¡
ţҲûʲôµġһ𣬾»ȪҲûʲô
ǣ˵ĶԣҲ롣
Һµģȴܶ
صķ·һܣһߡģһһڵͷҧɣҺѪҲڿĵطʹҲǼ˵ġ
Ҳǽʱ
ȡǴȥɣȥ֮ҾͶҪҪҲãҪýҼҲСֻҪˡ
ֻҪ
һҪһԲ
Ҳûʲô˻չҡ
ֻҪҾˡ
պ͵ĺƽȣȻǽ˯ˡģСĲͷ
ͷϣЩ΢¹°ͼģǰ̧࣬һ£ջ°Ūѣûж
һʦȻ˯ĺܳƺʲôҲûв
֪ʲôʱ˯ŵģǱѵġѲ֪ʱϨˣֻһҡպͻûѣֱϡһ£˴ƺöˣѾûôˡ
ʦ߹Ҵһ˵öˡô
պ˯ɵĴչߵĻˡ
ҡͷãԼߡ

89

էһҲûʲôǾСͣЩԵġͨҲ٣С⣬νħѵǹӰӦֱĴݹǲŶ԰
ɻ󣬵ʲôҲ˵ǵĽѾˣ²ûʲôй¶ݵĶҾǻ̻̲ܾƺаѽͷϷ֪ʲôʱͻῳһ
պʹΪڵİȫ£ʱ͵հοңҪûϵħҲȥ޻صĹŹأֻҪСǲµġ
ÿζֻЦЦ
û˵ڵʲô
պͳȥһȦȻȥʮֲϣպС˵˶ĺܣƺҲá
֣㻹壬⳵ܸϺã
պһ֪ʲô˵ĻҲţ㵱ɽˮô
Ҳǡҵһڡ
һ뵽ΪʲôҪͳδЩϴˣͳǸûҪģʦպ˶ԼԦɽֻǸ׸ǵĺȡ
ʦֵʣûעɣ
պҡͷûУҺϸġֻûβܻȥӻͳҩСС˵ҩϡ
ʦһ˵Ҫȥ񼣬鷳ҵ֪ܾ֮ǰͨ·Իȥ֪ڻܲߵͨʲ˵ңǵطԼҲ·̣ȥ￴
ѹüͣÿϵ㻮ԵĲ࣬պְЩּĨȥվ˵߰ɡ
ǻЩƷϵҲǰС˸ӶСҺû֣ܼ¡ϳʱպصȰһĵӸҵãٷ¡м䣬ʦұߡҿʦֿ֣պͣ϶ܴȻûʲôڡ
ðɣ̫СǳŹȥĲڡ
δҲ̫һ㡭պ͡ǰһʦ־˵ģھȻ԰ԵúǢ
ط̫ƽҶоʲôħƺ˲ˣֻһֲ˺Ļơһ֮󣬾ͷ˲ͬûԶǾͷһСʳʬ͹ĿΧһѣ֪˺ָʲôҲʦһѣ˵߰ɡ
֪±ضΣǹܲҲܲˣ¾ֻһ׮׮طֻȹԼ
˦űӣȻǲ˵պһûһ˵״ģʵĻһ˵ɤŶǴˣ˶䶼е˵졣
Ҫ˵ⷽԲ֮ڰĻ໪Ű˵ĸҲǳһﰡλǲ֪໪ϸºͰٻŴһѽӴӴǸ֡
պͺʣ㵱ʱˣ
ϳ˵ûģǷɳʯģĿǰҪ˵໪ǱصĸŴأ˼ܣ˷ӵ˼Ҳء
պתͷҼۣͣ벻Щħͷͦġ
ҵһۣҲ˵С©ڡ
Цתͷȥ˵壬໪ķ򰡣ҪǲԶ˳·ȥҲʶ۽硣
ã֦û¶Ҳҵ¶˵ڼҪ㻹˼ħȥ۽磿Ҫǿ۽ǲŽкء
ӴǿɲɰɲһȥĵطءһҪߵǰȥ·ء˵Ҳ˳·ȥϱ߶˳˳
Ŷʲôٻأʲôطģܺ໪ŴҲúɣ
棡ɲҪˣٻЩŮ
պЦŸұƣã˼ұҲ˵ŮǿɼĲᡣ
ҳȱȲ֪˭ءʦֺЦһ߿ţȻüǸϳˣٻŵǲҦŮӣ
ףʦҲˣ
ǳ̧ͷ룺⵹ǲԶǲãЩ֪߳ܵŮ
߶߶ȻִĵطûҲͨˣҲǷǷǡԭ˵صħ޲ΪȫɽħѪɽҳ㣬֮Ǹٿֲаĵطһȫô¶ԼļҲʵҲŹħļ䣬Ҫ˵Ƭħ򵽵ʲôȫǲá
ҵʣʦ˵ɣ
ʦһҲ֪˵ǻǷ
壬ǽܸͷɣסҰذɣ
ϳ˦ޣܵİһ·ҿ죬߶ʮأиéɽӣǻׯסһҲʲôǮ
ͣһͣһʵҲûеͶ٣ǼСɲҪߣиԵĹأͬļɻ䡣éɽأ˺ڣ͹ţɲܳŶġ
պʹӦţֻܷģ㿴Ҳǲִ֪˰
˵ĺʲôʱִܹ簡ذģ¶
Űûже顣ͣҷųԯΧųתȦȽšʦָվһԣƺʲôµպ͵ǵģ·Ϫˮȣϴ˰һûͷûԵĺ
պͰǰҩˣˮҷϣ˺˲ҪϲȻͣ֡
Ƶ˻𣬻мϸĲĽιӵһԳ麵̵ĸϳ˶ˣһԭõһʯڵ¡
˸۽ǣպͳϳ˵ѣ壬ô¶
Ŀǿ̴ߣЩߡҪǵͷϱǿǰ׿ˣû˵ȥ
պ˵žǰͷǲǾߵ𣿡
СԸһζǷǿɲǡ
պͿһֵۣʦ֣ô죿
ʦһҪ֦ڣϵķҩڴˮﶪĲˣִˣܶȥͶһ°ɡ

90

http://yc.4yt.net/html/js/305671.js

91

ǼҲݲݵĺЩˮԵ㶫ϴʰϿ˯¡
֪ǲ˯ţҸղȻƣ룬ȴһ˯ҲûС˵ֻֿЦǾȻЩħļһͬ˯һſϣʲôͬΣ
ʦ˯࣬պ˯ҲࡣǱ߾ǺļˣħЩСС֮ҲҶǱһ
ħҲûд˵ô¡Щˣ߲ˣһҪҪ˯ʧˡ
ҵħϴתײֲȥ롣˼ȥһմ־ƵϵҪ˶ãһεƻ
һΡ
ƿԼˣһԼ׽Ū
ҲԸԼ˲˹վа֮ſϡһպͻʦ֣϶õģҪˡһȴǻ纬ļ䣬ҼĨĹȥ
֪˶ãȻһ죬Ҹʧǣ͵һѾѳͷƺעˮǴƵģصҪ˦˦Դ۾ƽţʦֺպѾҵǰ棬ǱߵĸҲγ
㡭ǱߵҲܽţϸƺߵ˶ûˣҲûг֡
ʲô·
ʦִһ䣺ǹ͵ģǾˮˮղΣǵΪ
ǡ
ף
ȲǣҲǣ⶯ǡ
Ȼ˺߳õģʶͰѲ˿ӽȥľͲǿտˣ
˻Ȼ˾һӽ˴ӣׯòҪˣŪһ˿ĵɣ
˹һЦ˵ʮţ٣໪ǵͷߣǲˡħ˶ƴҲȥûȤҲֻˡȰǻǹԹԺҲ˺ⶫҲţ붾Ҳٲɵ
õƿڴҲٿЦȻ⻪룬ʦֵһãһץסҵֱԾǻ˼ݶ̵éݣʦֵĳɨıôǰŵĹ򣬽µéﴫһ죬ǽð̳ɷǺˡͷѼ϶ǲݣһָæĨȥϵݣſںպͣ
һ𣺡أ
ղŰҳѵһҲ㣬ԭҲʲôׯ˸ĹֻǸղǸֻ죬ûʲôʵһȴһˡ
ղһ죬һΪǳءڿȴǣЩҵõģǲǱ꼰ĳ㡣
ȫˣõ˷Ӧһûô죬ϻˡ䵽£õҲӣֻȴǱĺܣ϶ٶˣһ˵ڵأ֪
ʲôׯˣȴҲֻõѾˣ໽ʹֻǽͶһ죬ֱŪϼˣȥʵռ˼Ӯ档һ˺ǽ֣һ˰γǱȻһ£ȸղſһ㣺λòһ·ǿɲҪˮȻȥ֡
Ҷ˸оᡣǿʵſղ׵ʱôû˵Ǻòһ·ҪըԼùǲ鷳˵Ǳ˻ˮ
ǡ
ղûׯ˾ǺòҪ
ô룬պͻʦֿ϶Ҳô롣һûպȴǰ˰벽ʦ䣬鷳ڿ硣
պ͵Цõģзִ硣
ָһģƺÿķ૵ĵҲ֪ʲôֻϸϸҲܺ΢紵Ҷˮ΢
Ȼ˫ֱ˸Ȧǰһӡ
һŵĹָⵯûǰƲ˵ׯ˱
Ҵսʣʹʲôж
ٺһЦ¶ͦ˼ģ¡
ǰЩ˸ôǴûʲô仯ŶиһѾ֧أǰĻսɶԶˡׯ˹ƺôţõԭĹۣ˫൱ׯ˺Ȼһ̧Ĺ˳ȥ
NNģɵģûôɵġ
ʲôׯƶʲôö
ȻպЦһҶһá⡭
˵ӳȥˣȴӵĺܲǵطһǰһ׳ȥĿ겻õˣȴǺһׯͬ顣
Ȼ⧲׾Ͳһҵžæһ߶ȴüȫˣ󣬵һˡ
õ˶סˣȻǷʱѸٷӦ׵ļһˡ׵̫ҪһӳҲ϶Ҫ
ҵպͣղʹʲôж
˵ǸСС۷
˵赭дħЩҲǳصģСС۷ҷֲ
ǸׯҲˣҲ֪֣ôըԼˡ漴Ӧõսһš
Сպһ䣺
һ䣺
ɽۻһҴҲĻׯ˿ʵ첢ôõƴŲϾסûϾͼѪֱ˼ºݵġ
վڰӰ￴ţҪֳʤˡ
ȴƿ֮
һתͷͿӰ¹¿Ǵһĺ¡
ħˣ
ʲô
е㷢ס˽
һؾҲγ˱һ۾ͿԿǰõġׯ˼ƲҪ·ӡõϷţвҪۼħҲ˽˺ȻһƬϿͻȻһŰζǴ̱ǡʦֺȵ
һɵأеļҲ׷㡣ȵɢһĻӰ¸ղ˵һׯˣҲŲˡ

92

ܵܣĵõ˵ĺأڵһʱվǶ϶ʹͣׯվһԣħ
ȻõˣǿҲûʲô飬˼˼һ䣬ͰĿͶעˡ
ԭŲ£̫̫ƽƽ˴˵ؾͺãǲ£ȴǡãׯڻħ
ħˡ
ʶվһվİӰղסѾˣضǽ滹лͷð⻧˼Ҳ浹ùֻ׬·˵СǮȴŪ߶죬ȴ˼˳ضŻˣҳʡ
ħһ˹Ҿؿֱֻʦ˵֪λӺηҪȥǸϵˣλ̨ҲţҲЩ湦ġ
ʦִݵ˵ϼɽˣҪ½ȥ·ǺׯҲãҲãûʲôԹҲ˻ˮ
ʦֵʦ֣仰˵ƽȵˮ©ѵõſߵ϶ҲǡȫħһҲûлɵӡ
еɸɵЦˣ˵ҲǣͺλɣҲˣλҲ˯ž˵λ徲
ׯ˷죬ħûʲôϵλҲ¡ʦ˵ĶҲûֻǵûطסλǾʹ˱ɡ
æ˵
һ֪Ϊ
պһֻ֣ʣô
Һһʦֺ˵Щʲô
к£
λֵܻҪ̡ߣҲѾҹλֻҲҲ޴ֵܶ˾Ӷ׽ޣӵ
ħ˵ҲͦûŰԵ裬ûôѪȲбɱ
ҷ׷׵ģȻعʦ־ȻѾӦ
ʦԴˣħģ޵ģôܲһ©ô죿
ץе顣ңǸģ
ˣ㻵
Ҫ˵һҿɾϣĻޣɱ˷ŻǾմϱߵģɽƵµ˲١
Ҫ˵ǸˡǶνħô˵
ħħ⼸ֱּ˴ħˣԽƲԽǲ
õĸˣһʱûܳѾˡ˵ҲͦأֻһǿܻͬҩųѶÿڸͬӦħһ
ел㱵ģҲ鸡պͻˣҪҪЪƵҡҡͷǰ˲⣬յʦֶԵʣǣ©ڶô죿
ʦͣǵǲҲɷŹοһˣܶ˽ЩٻȥҲװ׵ðһա
ô
ӡʦûô尡Ķˡ
ʦһƽȣôû׵¶ʲô͹
ħ˽޵˼ҹȻסĿ£ӣ뵹裬ԭ˯ǺöˡŲˣֻΣյħһ޲ðȫװ¶
պҵ֣ҵĿᶨº͡
ûע⣬Կʾ⣺¡
һůҲһ֡
ʦó˴򽻵Ⱥãʶ㣬ڲźáħ˲̽ʲôǿ϶ʲġʦֺд𣬻˵ĵˮ©ŶҪΪʲôϼɽˣʦ˼ҳľˮˮʺòöס
Ҷ̲סҪ롭ʦְòϼɽɵɽȥ̽ӵİɣҪɽ㵽ϼɽȥ̽ӣֱƭ˲˵ħˣŶҪΪˡ
˰Ȧӣ˲˵ԼʲôĿģʦָӳסⶼʮǧȥˡͲӵĻˡǻһۣղǸʦִ𻰣Գɤ˵λʵҪ档
ʦִݵһЦŶ֪ʲôҪ£

93

λȥ½ȣҲΪ۽ɣ
۽᣿
Ҳ֪ʦȴͷǡ۽ʮſһΣҵл룬ƴϸ۽ʸܿ۽Ҳһ׮¡
˻࿴һۣ˵λҲΪȥ۽ᣬĴæҪΪ۽һչ֡λҲӦףħƽʱ͵ǲι۽ʢᣬȴϸƲġ˲Ƕ׵ӣҪ˵۽ᡭʸ񻹲һء
ˣҪħӶˮƽħ϶˵ĳɷݾӶࡣ
Щ̤ʵʵĳ̶ֳ˵ҲħһӰȻҲǵãҲϡ
ϼɽ˵ӣЩ۽ᣬҲûܡ
˵еڵģǻˡ
λ˵ħΧһףͽ׵߽ףҶΪԼʵֲ˿ҲΪԭλ˼ħƬħͷϴĵλʦǸڳϼɽǿ˲һ㣬Сʯһ㡣ҲǲСɫλõǵİæڹ;жЩջôһҪμǸ۽ᣬͰҲһ㣬ǲһǮ׵٣̴졣
ͷβǵҲǶԼѣһ£ħ򣬸˶Լ㣬ĺܡ
ʦЦݿ䣬˳ˮ۵Ĺ¯࣬ȲǵĴ˵ƯڵˡȻܺʦֱȿڲţ˰칦ֻȻ˳
춼ˣһҹĻǷḻʡ
ħö˶˵Ϊʲôָôպ͵ָһһµĵԼĶͷ롭
ʦֱȸƣʾСЩպ¶ΪȻı飬ûٽ˵ȥ
ллءҲɷʵҲö˵ʲôֻҪظħ֣͹ܡ
ԼԼĲǡһŸղׯõηӣ֪ʲôʱͻᱬǺ
ҿʦֿ֣պ͡
ǺҾԲȥԡ
ҪǣƽģȥʦֵȼᶨĪİܵĸо˿
ͬ˵ز죬֪ʲôҲʲôΪǾȥĺá
պͿʦֿң¶ЦЦı飺Ҳá
պҵ˴ֻһҩѾôʹǿˡһҹû˯ʱ˺Ҵֻ⣬ɵĸЩطҲʦ˵ûӦ뿪ԽԽá
ʦҲ㳶ڣ˺˿˿ۣû˿óǲħˣӲ²ͷɽɵġ
ϼɽǸɣһɵ¶ܵ͵Ϊ֪ǵǲôױʶƵġ
Ǹ½ȵ۽أ
ǽѾã˵ЩѾʣһʦֺȻͣûٽ˵ЩҲǵ;˵Ҳ̫档Ǹ˵ȥ½ȣ˵ġǻȥͨ·½ȡ

Һպ˶ɵۡ
ôɣ۽ĵطǻȥͨ·
֪ɺϣİšպ˵п֪Ǹͨ·п֪ܲ룬Ӧ֪İɣǸطʲôׯ轣湫
˵е
һô룬һ顭
֪ϴ뿪ħȥ棬ǲҲߵ·أ
ùԴտҲʲôҲûУô룬Ҳ벻κεͷ
ô˵ǻЩμ۽˸һ𣿡պ˵¡е㲻סһ۾ӣ۶ϳǵ
ǣպ˵̫ˡ
˵ݣָɽɵӵݣħʸ֮ģˡǺ롣ģȴ˷֡ҺħֹϸǺҲǲġ
ҿʦֿ֣պ͡
ǣȴ˭Ҳ˵ֻҵĶ


94

ħ²ûе˽Ǽ·ʱƵķħ˺һ·һȻʶηͬС̬ȣƤǲ
ʦֵûʲô˳׳һЩħħպǲϣģֻ˲ڡΨңսսģСģԼ˵ʲô˵ģʲôģ˷һ
պ͵Ļ˵Եס
Եǰʱ˵ģȻ棬ϸһ룬ȴʵд
ǵʱ˵ĥˡһ촧žԼĴܣΣķվĵطţҪԼԵ˵һĻһ£ʵԼװȴȫ෴Ķӣһ죬ԹһܳʱһãŤ죬Լ֪ԼǹǼƣˣԺһӿҲѲµӰ£ĿǱʶ֮³ңǶԵ׵ʹޣǹϵĳҪǿңԶԵһ֣ɳԵ׵һȴΪСɫκ顣
µģŤģʱ̿־ӡ
ȻҵĴպ˵ʦ֣ʦųǵĹѰöʱҶԼʲôطԼлôһģģǵʱ⡣ֻǵԼҪһɣμҵһʼʱرǿңԼûһ֮⣬ȫ֧ȥжʱһãִĵˡʱҲѾɵһӣľѳۡ
ħƺģһ·ǾͽǴ粽룬ʱĺʦ˵ʱʱ˵Ȱ˵һ䡣ʦϵЦȻ񵭣˼ȲòʵҲʲô·Ӳҧһ㣬Ҳط¿ڣ᲻뿪Щ겻ǸﻹܳסǸͬкǺʲôģȴԵòҲ˵Ļ˵һһ룬ʲôҪԭû˵Ǹ½ȵĵطѾԶһСͶ޹ҹʦ˵˳Щ·ĻǰͿԸϵ½ȡ
ʵħЩ˽ţǵĽų̻ٿЩΪһֱߣǵṦҲҪһ룬˸ۿۡ
ڿҪĿĵأٸҲûʲô˼ˡ
üͷ¶ޣҲϴ裬ϵĺѬԼҪܲˡҪһͰˮԼݺӽͰ
ħǳʲôĿĶЩɳأֲҪ̽ʲôؽҪıĸˡ
ǰҲڰңôȴֲҲ¹ĳʱĳ˵ãָģӦ㡭
ˣҲ֣Ҳᡣ
룬Ϊֹһûϡ
ɽϣʦʦǰ˵ʲôҩ֮ģ˳ȥ˵ϣ˲ܲһʱ򣬶ҩԵķͻܿѵֻҪܶаħͺֶοˣԷǲʹġ
Ҳòʹ˰ҿպһʱҲĴûзʲôס
Խ벻ףԽǵġ
ס£
ÿ϶˯ʵ˯ѣ˯˯ѵĿڶһҷԼ컹ܴæµԼȥЩȴܹӰ
ʱո˯ļ
֪ԼħҵĿ־
ȴûа취
ӣһǸͷ
ͷϷ·ŵҪ׺ʱ׹
ʦ֪ҵôң
պ֪һֱƭֻô
Ҳ룬ȴֲܼǡ
Ҹײ
ˡ
ʵʵҲ£һĳ·
պͶأʦֶҰмӡ
Ҷ̹أ
ʱħȥֲҵԸһߣɼ˰ڲʹܾģ
뿪ħȻ֮õ顣ֻǡֻ˵ԼΪʲôҪһɡ֪ԼǺ޶ģΣպͻʦ֣ôô
֪֮󣬻Ϊ̹׶ԭô
Ҳ֪Ҳ²
ҡð
Ͷ޵ҿջСǾƷȴĲΪ˲ٺħˆ£ʦ˵Ǳڷ÷ٵȥ档պʹչЦ֣С˵һԣţ
һţЩ΢΢·һֻĿһѣ̲סеĨһ֭ˮͷ
պ˵ЩǰȾƶֻǳһڣȴЩл㱣һһ֪ĺ˲١
պְҵϣ̧ͷ
ιٺˡ˵СĻܡ
ϸһƣһ̳ƣȻѾļ˵ס
̳Ӱ
ƲңҲ϶ᡣ
Һҵͷڷּ⣬ĥҵ¡
ʵʵ
պͶأʦֶҰмӣ
Ҷ̹أ
ʱħȥֲҵԸһߣɼ˰ڲʹܾģ
뿪ħȻ֮õ顣ֻǡֻ˵ԼΪʲôҪһɡ֪ԼǺ޶ģΣպͻʦ֣ôô
֪֮󣬻Ϊ̹׶ԭô
Ҳ֪Ҳ²
ҡð
ιʲôأ
պһѣҲſԼĿڽ͵ӿռУ֪Ѿ˶ãе㲻ȻеΣеһЦѿ˻
ԵĲ࣬ˣҾͷеǵġպõĻưߣͲ
ҺȻ˵պͣ㽲



95

ںڰУȻһպʱ龰
պſԱߣָһûһµҵĶ䣬ģȴһҲ붯
ι
ʲôҲеơ
㵽ʲôʱ֪ģ
ٺٵЦƫ㡣
һ
ڽ֮ǰҾûΪԼڲصĺܺõܣպȻͲˡһȻһҲ©ǶؿţţԼڵһ졣
뵽ЩƵģһȻˣѾ֪ȴֲֻᣬװû¶һҲǸӣ
ιιһֱ˹
˵ûУ
ҷ£²˵㣬㻹һҡã㲻𴩵Ǵˣ
˵Ҳ  ˵Ļҡ
һ룬԰ιʲô֪ȴҿҵ֣Ĵɣ֪ôãôöôģôġ
ϷססҵĴ𣿡
ʵҾҪˣֻǣֻԼô󾢶Ľȴһ䡰֪ˡȫһȫڿմؿ־޴ƸоֱѪ
ңһﻹԺʱ򣬡ȻȻ
üͷһֱȺӻãôҲܿ壬ֺõ˵ǲ᣿Ұ㰴Ħһ£֤
𣡡Ա߶㣬˭֪Űְʲôȥزأĺˡ
ſǶٺЦҲûм֡
һǾﲻ̫
ҪѾ֪ҵܣĻᱻôã
вסҵ֣ҧҵָ档

ι˵ģ
ʲô
ϻᡭ˵λ£
ͷǵȻˡ
£ǣǾ˵λ𣿡
ʮ棬˵ɡ˵ģͬǰûʲôܵ
ǡ
˵ʦҲп֪һֱŵ飿
ⲻǲܣպͣҺֵĹϵΪ׽ҲйһҵľôʦҲ
ǲʦֵ¶
ʶĴһԡ
⻹ʲôģǸ˱ȹҳô󣬱Ҳûм˵˵ҿĻҪء
𾪣˵ġģ
ҲµģûʮɣҲа˳ɡҵֱʦǸ𣿡
Բǡ
ʦ־һһĴˣϿ»ûʲô֪¡պȻҲ飬ǺһȣȴֻһЩСѣʦָҵĸоǴûʲô벻ϲеġеʱɲ⡪ Щη
ʦҲֻ֪˵
ҺȻǰһʲôҲ²š
պ֪˲˵ΪǵĹϵͬҲ֪ҾʲôʦأʦҲ֪ʲôɲ˵أɽӣħ̽ӡ֮һ۾Ϳ÷Ҫ˵ǳͬұͲɽɵģҺпǰػģ£һʲôͬꣿ
ô룬룬Ȼûպһ֣֪ʲôʱ
ĵطȥˣ
ιĶ
ʼˣƤʲôϵ
϶ֻѡ֪ǲΪм˺ܾãղ׵ǰΪȫûӦҪ˵ʲôʲôʱ򣬾Ѿȫˡͳ˴˵붯һҲ
ˣһ㶼ǵħ𣿡

ҵԽеᣬôͻȻʹһתħˣеãȻҡͷȫûӡҲǵħʲôطʲôǵʲôˣʲô¡˵ֻǵһʱ⣬Ƕʱȫסˣô룬Ҳ벻
湻ֵġ˵ħųܵ̽ɣûʲôջҲа취ջȥ͵ľǷʧĺͿ氡
е㲻ģպһݵġݵģôûֲòɥĳϣ˵ûȷͨ

96

ȥˣܺԤеĹ̲һֹ˾Ȼĵķʽʵݡ
°ҹ˯쳣̤ʵġ
ҲΪǰ˵ԭҲΪպ;˯ߵԵʡ
رر
ʱ򣬲Сջպ͵ߡ
ҷԼһտĵطۿǸ߸ߵģİʯ񷶥񷶥ʮɵĸߡ
ʲôط
һӳ˹ȴķһ¡
ȵһػҾ¡
Ҳܶ
ܸܿо
һȫʯģ޴ʯݡƺס̫޴󣬶ҿǸ߸ߵ񷶥ϣе̵Ļơ֣ƽʱҵûôãֻܿлƣȴ쳣˺֡
̵Ƿƾ²á
Ӧһʯˡ
̫տƺܱգķӲ֪ʲô͸ڵת
ܸܿоҶˡ
ô£
ôҪȴӺķ֣ĸоҲƺƺѾȫˣƴţ̧̧֣֡
Ķ
ֲ֪ĵطˣҸҲֵĸо
Ҫ̧ţ̧̧
ǺƽһǣƽʱֻҪһ룬ͿʹĶȴôҲ
Ҳ֪ԼĽôˡ
ҿ޶޲Ҳˡ
ͷתתڲԡ
ֻʣ˿һо
ʲôط
ôˣ
⡭ôһ£ҵأΪʲôҸоΪʲôҶˣΪʲôҷ
۶ͷʧʱ򣬺ȻҿҰˡ
񷶥һת£ƽӵġ
ûжǿĶȴˣ
Ķڱ䣬һһģƽʱѹ´£Ьͷ
Щʱ۽пĶһ
һ˫չ֣һϡҲоϴӣо˫ͷ٣µЬӡ
Ȼһѩ׵Ĳ
ǿ鲼ķǳ£Ǵʪšȥˮŵ㡣
ķһ̱һ˫ѩף⻬Ͼš
һģ죬Ȫʵ˵ˣ
ô£

һ˵ʲôʱˣ
סˡ
񡭡Ǵҵ﷢ģ
˵ЦҶҲĶˣҵ

ǣ
⡭⡭
ܿо˼ǲܶûʵʸС
ҺȻĵһһˮͷ
뵽һ¡
ʦ˵һ¡
һŵķᡱ
ǡЩߣΪһЩԭԼԭѰ˵ռȵΪС
ǣʦ˵ʱǱԭӦǻ磬õĿֻأľֱӻɢ
ʲôΣҺ棬ֻǡֻǡ
岻ˣ
Щ˵ȫֻܿţţκ£
ֱκοֲجλ˾壡
ҼҪˣƴԣҪҪҪҪ
ô£˭壡ô£
պأʦأĶĶ
ôˣ
һеô£
ʹ£һǸ˵ˣѾѾǲ׺ɣȫˡ
ô
ţ˵ľˣ𣿡
òõģռˣƺЩįֻ㣬ﰡ
֣ҾȻԸо
į
Ϊʲô
ɱĵôһ£
ֻҪ˲ңԶҲ뿪ġ
ֶˣѩ׵Ĳù̧ͷ
ҿ̵ģˡ
ݸһЦ۾ǳ財òѳζҲҲ棬ʲôüʲôʲôΡ
ѩ˿۵ģĲ˵꣬Žվǰ˵ԶҲ뿪ġ
Ȼһһ
һƽͭһ˶ߣƽƽǶǽϡ
ӳıӰ
С
һˡ
Ŵӣͷûȫõˡ
òѾ̾Ϣ
ˣȴ̾ϢҲˡ
ôɢɢվûдãͷûãϵЬӣҲûܹȫá
ν֮컯֮ǻع֮ǲǶе˵ϣ


97

ڡֻһˣ
Ƕ½ô꣬ﶼġֻ¶飺ֻ֪ҪͿԳϣǶΪⲻҪġ׷Ķʯ֮ڡǣʲôֵǷǵóȥأ
شĸ֣˸־
ǰ˵û΢Ц˵ǻǲǿԴ󵨵һ䣬˵־ںηأ
һֱѵΪһ仰𣿡
Ȼǵģ˿ɲҪҡ
ԭл£ġе֡
ˣˣͷƢ˵һ˿ûġ˵˵ɣЩ꣬ʲôˣ
ЩƤգգۣǣϸϸ⻰һ˵ġ
ҶҲˣʲôҲһûнԾ˵ʲôҲŪŪڵһʲôطʲôˡ
һ룬ôĶ˵أ´ӻֽ򿪣ƺν÷
һŽʹŮ洰Ϸء
סɣҪ˵Ҳ˵ꡣ
ЦðɣҾʹӴ˯֮ʼ˵ǻŮ洵ĺĺͷҾͼ飬Ҫʲô¶ҷǵø˲СÿֻһˣôҲ̫ˡҼǵһΣŮһʲôţǲˣһˣŮ˵ᵶͶİŮ洺ҲذƵͷǰѺŮſˡ߶кˣһŶŮҪ˹ˣôŮƴϧʱ˵׼ǹˡ֮һһʱˣʲôϡ˴˲֪ǰ£ҲɼҪһҪ˵ϵƯ־Ǽñ˱ԼƯ⣬ΪʲôһҪָأ
⵹ҲԹǣŮ洺ͺ־Ʋǵĺôܰ
ӵӡ
ѽǰһЦɵĻͰˡ
ģ
ƭʲô˵¶ҲԶǽЩ¡ڲҪ˵²Ż˵ǡ˯֮󲻾ãԽԽңֱ޹ɽӲҵôѽҴ㣬ɵһռϷ磬ħһߴĲҰܣ򻮽磬һС̣ħ򡣹Ҳ֮󣬲̫ƽ̫ƽʵ徲ˡ
ôҵû뵽.

ȻħһɽϻӳƴˣҲûʲô˵ģûµĻӣбµͷ˵һ߶£׻ĺǻڰ֣ħûˣҲͰˣЩ鲻ģִ̰̫࣬ɵˣɵǣԽԽˡħأС鷳࣬첻ҾҴ㣬ǸҪǿ˵ãħҪҵġҪ˵ĵʱһûţһû¡
˵ɡ
ãҾ˵ǶȥŮ飬˵ȤζЩɱɱʲô£ҿûȤֶһ÷ʵһҵʱҲеװĶħˡŮ洵Ĵˣģ⣬е©֮㣬ǱȽϴģһδҡɽһؽƣ׽ħһԶȥͽŮ洵ĺ䣬ϽկŮټѰ١ҼǵáҲٶ£յĺŮһߵԪ֮ӲУһȴŮ
ôұŤģԼ˵һ˵㲨
ΪȻһ
ǵİԣһŮ洺ΪˮˣһͺСŮ䵽ԭȥӦ˵ĺӾһ𣬲ȴҲˡ
˼Ǻǣ˵
мҲ֪Ĳ࣬Ҳˣ˲û鰮£鵹ҲͦġҵϢǰģֻ֪ǲûٳɳҡħһԺŽħģɳ̽ȥЩҲв٣֪ģЩͦˣӹͷˮξŹٳλħĶǲС־ҲزֻҪħȥô򵥡
˵ⷬһӾ
ħ
һֱ벻ֲ׵Ƕξ˾ȻȻ˵Ĳϸȴ֪Ҫöˣ
˵ɣٶ˵㡣
Ǹȴ˯ôãҿһû͵ȻˣҲȥЪЪˡ
ȥɣôҲ϶ֵĺˡҪϢˣȥתתɢɢҲ޷
һЦ˵ġҵȵȾͳȥúõһ档˵ֻèΪûι粻ˣǶˣǶˣҿɲʱҲûһҪιèǰɣ
Ǻǣǲģ˳ܵȥ˰ɡ
棬èţ
èоôôأҲûҪȥˣǵðǡ
ˣת顭Ҳˡ
Ҳûʲôеģ㻹ʲôһ˵ɡ
ûʲôˣô࣬ڵĶء㵱רְܼҵ𣿡˵úã㽻ˣʲô鷳ɲҪҡ
һ⻰֪϶Ż˵㣬Ҳиִ磬˽Ҳ㡣
ǣⲻûʲôô
ЦһҲûٺͻ¾壬תߡ
пĶҲ͸ŲͬˡʯΪ㣬һ䣬ǰƺŻȣͥԺ¡
ﵽʲôط
ҿȷԼûǡΪʲôţ죿
ɵΣһ·ͣҲδͣȻ̧ͷ
ʯĹϷ͸˽ܿģ̫Ҳ¹⡣
ͷģƺһöʰ쵵ο򡣹⻪ϸСĿ϶й΢΢Щ⡣
⾿ʲôط


98

˵ĽŲֻͣһͣҾͿ̧ɵָڿỮһߣ΢΢ʵʰ㣬ƾһŻ
ţȻǰһ͸ղ⣬ʯžĿռ䣬ȫͬ硣
ҿĪһֿռתƵĹ򡭡رϣֻһˣղǼʯ¸ɽһý䷨ͨгһռ硣ȻˣǸĿռȴڣŻʱ̺ķϡҺպ͡պͣ
쾹ȻҪ飡˭Ǹʲô״պͻʦ֣
ЩһҲŪ
ùǣʲô£ʲôطҲ֪
ʲôҲˡ걻װ˵棬ʲôҲˡ
һʼһұᣬǸղ澵ȴ硭ȴԼ
ԭҵʶܵ˱˵
ôһ£
ҲûзҵĴڣ
ղ¶һֿΪͣʶ棬ûһŴˣнǰܹǸˡ
ǱܵģҾǸо˵ĵУֻɲĸݡ
ĳ࣬ص
˭
Ϊʲô
Լأ
һһ⣬һعŽֵǰߣܵЩȴ񶼿һи˾ôۿҪײϣȴڿմѵʱ򣬺ȻŲһӲൽһߣûײϡ
ղźǸ˵Ļ㲻ʲôݡ϶ҲǸ֮ˣƺЩħһ·ȴҲһɡ
˭ġòΪ
˵˭
ҼоܵĽֵǺͨʲôط
ףȵȣ
ǰƷ
Ȼһξ룬ȴѾԿƷд֡
֣֡ѾܾˣͿҲѾ˲٣Ǿû
֣
񣬺ЩϤ֣֡
һȴ벻˭˵ıƼ
ߡǲﾭ
ʲôطأ
˼ǰߣƷ澭ת˸ߡ
ҳܿ룬ʲôҲ֪ҪʲôطȥҪЩʲô
ͣǰһլſʯʨʮɣǰ߼̨ף򹫸ų
ŵд֡
ԭΪլӵġ
լȻҲЩͷǶҲǸٰʮ꣬Ѿ˯˺ܾõĲ֪Ǻݵܳʲôϵ

һ䣬ֱֱǰȥǰҪһͷײǽյĴϣҪܱ۾ѾܵıˡƤ
ȴʲôҲûײϡ
žһɴһɵıˡûƣҲûˡ
⡭һŵı£
ʱԽҾԽľ
ۡէһƽʹСñŮʹſ粼ȹҪ˵ʲôطڲͬ
̫ˡ
Ĳ񻰡Щͷ·֮䲻к·ûһҪȷʵǵĽڶҼΪһԺӶǹƮ
ֲýг
ǰҲͬСֱݣŮŮ졣ֲҪг
Ĺ£Ӧûơ
һĹѾ̫࣬Ѿֲˡ
լ֣Ϸô
վͥԺģȻûһ˿˸ߵ߸øʲôʲôûһ˵ĳ֡
ᴵһƬҶڵ£ϸ΢춼š
֪Ϊʲôǰ⾰ôԽԽϤ
ﾭ
ָоԽԽǿи𰸣֮
ħħʲôװŪĸôáȻдŲмζ
ħ
ȻѾԼµˣ˵Ǿ𾪡
һ˵뷨УħڣӦһɽˮУ찵޹⣬ѪȺڰĲŶԡ
ħһСһլ


99

ǵģ
ֻǵұʱ򣬿ϵƷļ䣬ȴȻһƬ
Щȥȥ˫Ŀ񣬷·ʧĻģʲôأ
ѵҲ𣿾ʬһ֪Ǳʲô˲ݿţٱɳȥ̽ӡ
ĵһ󺮣Ҳ֪Щ˴ΪʲôҲ֪Լϵ׷ʲôҸβһԼ
լӵȴȻ󣬵һƬž֮ȴʮ
˶ˣѹûôģоһҲûжԶԶǶǽȻƵǰȻղŴǵһǽҲɴһ͸Խ
ǽˣĺ͸ղЩһǣ˿϶Ǹղˡ
ҿһۣȻְѽµʲôߣŨܵҶǸڵĸʵһЩ
ǸˣԼĿһֻš
ƺ˽ԭ˵ѰһԼϵġ
ֻΣľһǱʲôס˺뺰ûʲôסҲû취
ڸûֻ룬ֻܿ
ҼԸʱκδۣܹһ
պͣ
ϲݵĶҲеţҲԲϣ
ô
Ѳɣǡ
պһ½ѧǰԺ˵ģͷ΢΢£һʧǵӡ
ҵô
һѹһ󼤶
Ҷ޷
һʲôطħ㿴ƽҲħһ˴ôçײðգҪˣ
Ϊʲô뿪Ŷ԰
ûô޹Լ
ΪʲôҪΪʲôҪƭΪʲôҪ۵ΣգΪʲôã˵һ仰첻
Ҫ뿪
ʦأʦΪʲôպһ
ͷչͷѾõ˴𰸡
һµ˴һҲͿˣԵòʮ꣬Σʦĸ
ղһ죬ǰ˴ʱɣ
պ͵ʣûиط
Բᡣ
ô

ħȻǳȥȻһ׷ӿ԰ٻħɽĻҵʵѾ˿տǣص鶼ġ    ضѰš

ǣң
ҷӦǺЩһƮĲǰߡ
ȥȥҼк
֪Ӱ죬˾ǰֵע⣬ľ͸ȥˡ
ʦֺպͺûзи˶ңߵĺСģֽһŻ
լԺ濴ɣǽ֮ȴһһƽ࣬Żأ֪ж
ǲ֪ǲֻһһ̽Ҹںͷ˸żʲôҲˡ
ƹһǽǰͷ·ȴɡһǽһʯ·֪ͨһȴƹǽǸܴĳزмʯš
ʦպ͵ͷͨһ仰Ȼ˾Ȼֿһ˼һ·ߡʦʯŵ·ȥպ;ֱǰߡ
һ󷢼ﶼҪðƺҲԥһ£ֱߣպ͵ĺͷ
ǽպͺȻ伫عͷĿƶҿ
ѵң
ûС
պһ֮Ѹٱ㯡¿Ȼһתͷǰߡ
ѵܾ˸
·䣬ȴ೤ܿߵһʯ֮ǰʯŽգ֪źʲôڡ
պ̧κȻǳһӰٿĴʯмϸ϶˽ȥ
Ȼֱ¡
ҲŴʯšźƺǼ֣ܲʯͨ¡պԥһ£Ǽߡ
Ҿ㱳󰡣ղѾѾǿˣ
˻ȥ治֪ʲôգħ϶ûбϿô򵥵ģ
صȻ͵ɵӰӰҡҡκһϸ΢Եľ
һդţģͭģ֪ʲôصļ档պֽһդǼʯңǽ϶ź壬ϰһĴƿƿֽٽЩͿֽд
պͿȥһ񣬴ȥϸĲ鿴
ҲĽЩҲȥЩƿЩʲôֻ֡ǰպһŤͷо˸ȴȻûн㡣
ˣҲҡ
Ҽһֺһ󣬼޵Լ
պ¶ɵ飬תȥƿӡ
һʧȴȻǰһʲôҲֻ죬ƺǴڵ±ʱ򣬿պ˵ǽǣһ˫һߣһ̽Ϻߡղ⡭ƺ⽣ϵĹ⣿
ģҵһ֡˳˵ǳȴһױ鶯ٱҶûϵܳ䲻⡣ռϷ˿޼ȻûңҲһ
պѹļͣ˭
Ҳħˣ·֡˵㼸ʱҸģ
ûж⣬ͷ¶βģô£
˵ģҲе
һ䣬ǰպǰĨһѡ
պ͵һ˲ضš֪Ĳңһ˲ȴңĿԣͨ
ȷʵû⣬Ǻ棬˵ģ
պ˲ʧȻ󾯾˵ô֪˭
ҵþû˽ˡԻľղͬţƺ˵İɣ
ľľպͰȻû˵֣ȴҲ֪ΪԶ֮ϣȻ㲻ħˣǸɣ¡鿴ֻܱ𴦿ȥûǹ㡣
ľ˵СѵƢȴС˰ʲôãҲħͦ˳۵ģܸҲպ;û˵ʲôٴֻרעһֻֻƿӿȥ
أЩƿʲôֲƿҲǹǻ͡
պתͷǺݵ˵죡



100

պ͵Ȼм򵥵ݣɫʱȴһֹʶˡ
ľ£Ц˵úãұ㲻˵ҿһƿͷʲô¡
պ͵һۣЩŽɵĵͷ
ʲô
պϲҲϲǸɫĲңøӽϵŴڣ˭ʲô
֪ˣ
պе㽫Žɣҿƽʱûôӱ˵ĻǼûжǸӼһ࣬һ
˿
ľЦ㵹ϵ
ҲûʲôСʱֻ桪Ҫǻһ֪ģһӶˣ
ܽҲ֪ľ֮˵֪ģ
Ҫǻ壬϶Ⱦһ亹ȥĽоպҪûӣǾԩ
ֱּѪպȴûʲôķָϵӣӴƮƮĵһСֽպϡ
ֽ賤Լһ룬ָԼд˸պǮ
ûֽȻ棬תۼıһҡ
Ǯࡣľȫ
պüǮʲôˣ

ǰʲôˣҲá¿϶Ǹˡľ˵˿ûܼ磬ܼ⣬һգҲ
⣬⡭
˭˵ģ
ʲôģö
ľģ֪ʲôպͿһƮƮһ
ľֹȥմһң˿ᴵǵҾ͵ڿУ̡
պ˦һ֣ûʲôߵͷЩƿӡ
ԭЩƿħġպλ㵹Ǽʶ㲩
ҪҵˣҲǱħƵģ
պͻعͷһ룺е㲻һģλ̨Ȼֶ֪֪֪ħʲôӣ
ǿƵһ˯ѣ΢ʧ˻ǣ
ʧ˻ǣ
պ˵ġ
ҵĻǡҵĻǲʲôħҾǰ¶ϣ
ֻǡ㿴ҡ
ҲûôʹģһƴֻһѪȴҪѵĶ࣬˵ûʲôʵʵĴôȷǱħ˻ꣿ
պصͷһǣ

ûħ꣡
Ҿǰǰ
ľȻһЦҪҵ˭Ҫô
ιι˲ǺˣˣħʲôõطҪٴˣ߿ߣҲˣ
ҡһӾͻȥģ㣬ҵӦûԭĵطɣҪҿáˣպʦֶˣҵأǷˣ
պ;Ȼһ㾯˼ҲûУЦЦǺҪˡٻİ취𣿡
ǸľҲЦֻҪˣлٵġ
պһԵ棿ǡ
ľ˵ҲûˣƭҲûʲô˼ɣ
պͶһӣʩһ񣺡ôָһ·
ָûģֻǡƽΪʲôҪƽ׵ָ㣿
պӨЦȻЩīīĲҵǵҲڲסַɣҵһοʱһ
Ҫʲôлֻܿڡ
ʲôŵǼһҪʲô㶼Ҫأ
ľͷ³˵Ҫҵˣʲô֣
Ҷٿպ͵ı飬֪Ϊʲôе¡
ǲ벻ͿԲġ
պ˵أϢ
Ҵ֪ԼֿԱôһһ֣·س
ľ˵ŵùôѰ˵£ϡͣһ£ЦЦֻһ£Ӧһ
պ͵һͷ˵ǳˣǣƾǲ
պͰպͣɵ˲ɣ˵ʲôʲô㲻Ǹħͷƭô
϶ƭģ
ûƭ㣬ҲҪʲô



101

ʯĵطպͻͷ˵ǲǺȥۣ
ľ˵꣺㲻ǻиͬôɻ
պ˵ܻԱࡣȻȻȥҲá
ףͰʦ²ôպͰպ֪ͣʦֲѾãʱʱ򰡡ҲԸ£ҲԸʦ̰
ľȻҲں˾Ȼô뿪
ֻһʦû£һպ͵¡
òơΣյҰɣ壬֪ȴǵ  ʦյأպҪ뻢ڡ
ԼûҲ̫ġ
ľպһֱߣ˳ǣҲûͣ
ô˵Щ֣ʵһҸҺպߣ紵Ҳͦʵġ뺰һȴʱҲЩΣԭһǸĻġ
һƬӣƬĹȵأպָָǰͷС壺ˡ
ƿһӵţﳨɾһˣֽշؿڣ鰲꣬ؿҲ΢΢˯ˡ

ԭӱпԼİ
еݣҲľ߽ǰҿԿԼϤĪľЩİ

պʹ𣺡Ѿˡʲô취ˣ̳Ҳٲҵһֻ֣ȥֻҪתʲôԸġ
عͷһЦɱ˷Żʦ涼ûڡ
ιιⰡֵõѽûٵһӿҾܻԼȥͿѹˣ㷸ź˴򽻵ģ϶ʲô
ʲôľĽˣպվЦˣҲûʲôð취޷ʲôʲôˡ
ľĿŵɨһۣͷ˵ҲΪ㡣ðɣվЩһԡ
պվһԣЩ̽ʣʲô
ľ˵㵱ܽéɽʿô
ָ̧еĹâȻڸҴûƣһͬ΢΢ҡ£һ΢΢£ָ⳯ءһ̧ϣָ⳯졣Ȼ
պЩŵؿȴԼšȻӦùϵҵȴúڿű˵һǸڴϵģҲǱһûʵС
ʱһһĹȥԵûպϣĹʣƺǾһľ޴תۡ
ǹһֱľƣûȻ⿴ŵ壬ûʲôɫ
պʧ˼ɫѿҲûа취
ľĬһ£ȻЦȤȤҵǺܾûˡ
ҵѻ󷨣˵꣬ǻѾõҲܸҵóʲôҲЧͻţȴ֪ȥ򣬶ҾȻҲĵĵһ׮°
ϡôҾϰ
ʲôصĴ󷨣ȴƫƫѲҡ
պ͵ͷŴϵңںڵģɫƽʲô̧Ĳ£˵ðɣԵİ취ҲˡȻûɣҲܳ顣
ѽһɶûɣʲô飿
ľҲܰ㲻лҡ٣ʱҵûһ¶ڵͦ˼ġҵ»Ұ첻ɵ£
պ̧ͷȻдͨˣšֻʱ߳ҵ룬ʲôӡֻ£Ҫħͷϡ
ǰΣ㽲һ
պ˵øģ¡λʦֻ»ǳϣҵôѶȽ˵
ľ˵ˡ׾ˣǴ˵˰ɣ
ȻῴۣǵȷǴ˵ˡ
ȴ˵ֵͬܣʵ˲졣
պûӻľ˵ղҸǣʦͨһֽ󣬴ɵȻ˻꣬ȴһһǷ֮
պƿһżУпţˡ
ȴĥţľʲôأֻߣˣ



102

֦żպʹˮš˿ѩ׵ֽǸڴϵϸϸĲֲϸڶԴʲôϡ䱦ľһԿţպóһҩˮҪҷµʱģ
պû̧ͷԼġ
ľ֣ơ
պͿһۣһݸ
ҩǺɫģйɳһִƵζ
ľһ䣺ҩĵص˵ģ
պҡͷǣʦ֡ͣһͣ˵ǽһȥֵǸҲˡ
ľһһЦһЦҩ䷨һ䷨֪ͬ ģֻһ˰ô䡣
պ˳ڣ˭
ľͣһͣ˵Լ
պһ£ͷȴҲû˵ʲô
ľתͷλͬ鼸ʱ
պ˵Լ˵ģֻҪżʲôطʲô鶼ҪĹҲò˶á
պڴߣҵ壬תͷŴ棬˵
ˡ
֮ǰѾԵúݣڿԵ㲡ҵڴϣϵϸԼ˰գȴһˮҲûкȹ
һȻŰ屻£иС˰
պվЩ裬Щɻʵ˭
Ǻӵ˵иһ
պͰһиվſڣݹһֽһҸġ
պͿֽӹʵǸʲôأ
żѡǺӿպͣһӸ߸ߵġ˵Ҫ飬Ҫ²ܻҰ㡣
ʦ֡
պʹֽ˿Ҳ֣ȥĶأʲôôҪľ˵ʲôҪɡͬʦֵܣأĺš
պǶ˸ЦݵЦ

ڵأʲô㣿
պͿһۣλľӣҷ׷ǹʣ˵ҪæϧҲδЧʲô㣬Ҳغ㽻ɣ
ľҲûΪ̬ȶԵһûô̾ҪӲô
⻰ûʲô˼ˡպ˵ҲˣûǸѴ͡ߣˡԶ͡
⡭
ǲԸƶѱľպʹһǣҪһߣҾͼպͣҲ֪Լˡ
ҿģҪǷݣﾢԼصԼϣͺˡ
Ҳ֪ô뿪ģһҲ֪ôȥ
պѾˣȻ̬ͦ񣬿ʲô̬Ҳǲס˵ʵ
ľӣ̤صһžͱصĹˡ
պͰ
Ŀź𣿲Ϭһͨ𣿰һûҺߣ
Ǹɶ
ľԽԽԶҲˡ
ԣ׻˵Ϭһͨû취ôͨͨƨ
ǣǡ
ҰţȴֻܸľһԶ롣
С壬ǰľɫȻַɿıϸ΢ı
٣һ˲áϰṦͬͺʦǽ׺ԦķɽҲһֻ˵λӰȻȲϷɽ죬ȴʤƮĪ⣬鶯翡

Ȼ˵ȴֻһΡһʦãǰµĿ꣬ιĪ⣬´֣һӰһ̡
Ȼмһ֣͡
ף


ͣʱǰ龰졣
ⲻǸղǴֻǻ˸򣬸ղ򶫽Ĵ壬ȴǵ˴ӵĶߡ
һӽ
ǲǴպͲʦ֡
ҼֱѪȴʲôҲˡ
ղԺӣľ϶ʹ˸ղһжܿ˶˿İ취
棬պ˵ʦ֣ղȥˣ
ףʦѾˣ
Ȼʦ˵·ȥŪ˵ҩȵżôͷСӸ㡣ôôôͻˣʲôûУ
ûʲôҽһˣǹ졣
һˣʣ϶˵ʲôľ
˹죬Ҳôꡣ



103

ҲʲôôǱڴͷ˵
ôʦʣˡʲôˣ
Ҳ˵һĪòֱ˵졭պͶˡ£ˣ˵Ҳ֪ҩҺ䷨һô˴𣿡
˵˽ʲô𣿡
˵ľֺ֣ʲôºһࡣʶʶ
ﾲһʦ˵ʶ
ŶպˣôʶģǸʲôҲ֪պĴ𰸣ȴûиŷڴأ
־֪ʦʲôȻպ˵ιιҲһ㣬ܵҲڰɣЭûһûء
Э飿ʲôЭ飿
һ£Ǹϣպĵĺʦһƽ͵˵Ҵ֮֮ԵʮǢһͷˮʲôЭ飿
պ͸ղ˵û
ôѽѽˣǵʲôҵģ
ʦ˵ˡʱһ˼׽ľǸദﲻܴˡǽȥ̽ħȻ½ʱҲεŪˣѱʲôۼһҪСΪϣ뿪˵
պʣôƵδ徲̫ƽδ롣
ʦһ˵֪һطħҲȥġڣǾƵȥ
ˡҪûĪ״ӦѾȥ˰ɣǴô׸ΣķҪħľôöԸľôܵϣǸʲôأ
ɫһ㰵ʰȻŵʱȥ
ľԵãվһ֪ڷ¡ʦǾȻҲһֱû쵽ôĵطһֱǱ
պ͵˵㡭㼸ʱ˵
ʦûͣһ˵㲻Ҫ˼롣Բһ׼顣ҪǰǸȫˣ׼ɵ¡˵ʲô˵ģЩҪ֮¡
һ˵ĻҿԲšǡ˶ô˵ȴɲҲˡպ͵ɬɬģҸˣûһ˵֮ҲȫΪҺáʵһʼҲŵģֻǡ
˵ʲôһҲס
ұܵĸоţ˵Ļҿ϶йϵһʮֽҪ¡
ʲôҪ˵
еĪĲ
պͶʦ֮ǰЩĪĵ⣬˵ĹϵıáҲ֪£պʦֵЭ顭
鲻粻顣ԲɲҪܻڱ˵Ԥʲô˼ʦºͣٺ˼ˡҲǺ˵𣿵ˣҾԶԶ뿪⣬Ҳٺ𡣹Щ꣬Ȼһúôǲǣ
պ˵͸һҹ֪ѵҲңμ˵ˡ
ʲô
ʲôһҹ
ʦܵͣ㣬ʧ˳ԣ²ܹ
ʲô㣿˭ʧ˳ԣ
⡭ǲ˵һҺʦֱһֻСסǷۺˡʲô£
պ̾Ϣ
ʦЦɬһ׮һ׮⣬һһݣҲ߰ɡɣ
պ˵ɡҪ·أҲҾҪעܵΡ
ԽԽ㷲е²
ǡ
˲˵֨ѽһˣʦֵӰӳպͽǰϻҵȴȻԵýŲݣ鶯
ľһΣӰĸȥ
飬èץһһץͷ߾ٿ
ҹɫʡ
ʵʵ𰸾͸һɴȥʼղȥֱ棬Ӳȥ
֪˶ãת˶ӣʦǰͣ£պ˵ˣͣ°ɡȥңǧ
ɨһۣʱ
⡭ⲻľǴʯô


104

ôתһȦֻˣʦô֪أ
ﶼʣȴֻӲţˡ
պͶ鶯ֻèꡣèԵúɢȴͬҼǵСƯ۾ȫǽĹ
ôãô
˵һ仰̫Σգǿȥ˵ҷǳǳ˵ööĻ
ʵʲôҲ˵
Ҫʧȥʱ򣬲֪ԼԭӵеǶô
պͣʦ֡Ƕҵĺã㾡ȫҲ޷
˵һ仰ܡ
ʦֶȻĺܣƵģߵļ죬ǡԼһ
ղľ˵ʦҩķӺһģһҺֻҩ
ʦϵľ
ܿ϶ǲһˡʦôºţƺȫϸϵ
ʯﾲеļ¡֪ΪʲôּžرĲ
һʯݣʦ˿˵ãˡ
ʯδ齣һ̰һߣȫʯƵģɣȴȱĴŶʯͷûһ˿պͰҵʯϣӰȡϸĵҵͷ棬һʵЩѸҸϡ
עⲻҪꡰʦֵ˵Ǹķϵĵطˣнģ˵ȫ
ȫľˡڣﻹǸ꣬ЩаĽлµļһڡ
պʳҲʵĻʲôط
ʦ־һ˵ҲǼʶ㲩ģܶǰĳħ֮ս˵
˵ġħôأУŹҲʱŵġǺʲôϵأ
ˣǸգޣа˼䣬ħڤʶύҲ˸Ĵºžͽľֽʲôȴû֪
Īǣ
߰ǰʮڡҲͱˡպ¶ȵ飺֪طΪ˵ˣͽɽģͬһˡ
ǣ㲻Ҫ֣طȻľǲġ
ǰȻȴһ
պ°֪ͣĵǺ֪ҼͷǰǸʲôءȻ⹤Ҳ̫ʡͷࡣ
ʦҲһͷһβŸҡ
ʣЩû٣ˡ
ô֪أϤ
պգգۣʦ֣ľסܶһ.
ʦһһ˵סܶꡣ
ôľҲϵˣ
ʦֵͷ˵ϵõġ
պŶһβϵĳģ֪Ǹ̾ʲôζǣλ˵еǵУѣͬţ㣿ǡ
ǡʦ˵˵ˡħʲôô
ԭΪպͿ϶Ҫٽ׷ʦֵ£ȴתԣûʡ
ѽ֪ûСպͰǼʯ˵ˣȻľҲ˵һ飺֪ôᵽǵطȥģ
Ǵȴ𵽼ĶֻҪħˣᱻǵҲǿƣΪǸ˵ˡֻǲ֪պסҵһֻ֣ڻδɻá
Ҿ߰úõģ㲻ôġ
ʦ˵ǹҡĻڣҲġȻһھ԰á
պ̧ͷõĻΪʲôٻأô취ˣȻûһ.
ʦûΣҡҡͷ


šպ͵ͷбٹȵһһŰɡʱûŻϣֻ˼šˮȰɣ

ţݺʯȪ

˵⻰˶ˣﾲ˾úܡ
ľվһû֪Ķرãǵı˲ĴڡҪ֪ħպ;ͺܾľΣܲŲԾ



105

ܿĶʵľĶ
ղֻǾЩ׵ȴ˵ﲻסһͷľҰʦʼռҪλáպͣΪʼһҲ˳һ𿴵ġ
ʦֲ˵ľоɡ
ֻǣ⾿ʲôϵպʵģʵ˲²͸塣

տɣȥһħպվһ
ʦ˵ȥĺá

˵Щˣطһ㲻죬ȴǵͷˣûǸȥĵպ˵ҲصģԻȻô˸˵ôãȴƫаˡ
һһĵĻ
ֻץһܶĻ
ȻνΣպͻȥˡ
ľûж
ڿʦ֡
ϵǸңϸ΢ʦֳȥһˣʢˮϸµĸιȥдģһϸĽĳ̶ȣһ㲻պ͸ղΪġ
еңƺڻӽһ࣬Լȴǰȥҿɲ
ʦңԼ֣һ߳˻񣬺ȻվתšƮɽĹѾ˾
ֻ֪պмҴȴ֪ԭʦҲԵı첻֡
ľĸ档
ʦߵĺܿ죬¶һƵġľʼε׺󣬲ԶҲ¡
ʦ۽һӡʲôطʯģΨȴһݽŴľ壬ʮرļʲҲࡣʦֽŲûͣսݡ
ľĿſڿȥݱĶ࣬Ķȫ顣г񲯣һıʯ壬ѷֽ飬ӵһֱѵݶȻжֱɽ麣
ҺȻ뵽ʦʶô㲩ƺ²֪鲻飬˳ɾ￴İɣ
ǣʦôﳶϵĸϵô飬һλ÷£֪ҪĶʱ⣬ʦŶͣô
ܲȺˣ
ʦֵһվ麣֮ǰ˵Ŀ·һõˮīȻǲõģǢȻãȴҲݻһ
ʦһᴵ˴ĸңչۣ·£Щ꣬ЩȻ
ʦڸл£˼ˣ
Ȼи˵
£ȻŷӦľ˵
ʦƺһ㲻⣬ͷûأֻǵ˵һʦ˵֪Ѿ˯ˡ
ǣǧѽ֪ϷƱáľڿѾû֪ˡ
ʦ־Ƭ̣˵֪
Ȼᣬȴֳᾲζ
ʦ˵㲻ɢͷ£Գһʯ֮ƻޣĸǵõɾѾãһ˯Ҳ˯һǡֻҲ˰ɡ
ľһô棬ÿɺ𣿡
ûʲôãҲûô㡣ʦ˵ﵹ徲ˡ
徲䡣ľ˵ĵֱףߵɢɢ㣬ܻһ⣬ǻϲ
⻰˵ġƺЩδ֮⡣
ֻ˵ЩٶЩ׸ǰƫƫȴֶˡ
ãʦоɣȷ¡أҺһûɽʶΪʲôҵĻҪϣ
ʦֺȻ˵ǿתأڲڣ
ľһЦΪ֪ءȲ˸ô
ʦתͷֻۺķŨҹ̶ôʹȴǸϸˣӸȥ㲻֪
˵ӲþʧˣԭΪʱվãܸӦһء
ʦִ¶Ц⣬Ҵ֪ʦҲ飬˾һƮ
ֳصôѹؿڣʵʵģȻȴԸܵõ
ƺǷ߿Ǳ
תıҪ˵¼һ֪Ҳ֪
ľû˵
ʦֿôԵĶţгƵ˾ô



106

ȻľðɣǾһǰǷģԼҶģһΣҲһ˰ɡ
仰˵꣬Ȼǰһתǰ˶Ťһţҷ׷׵ĽһҲֲǺǰס
ͻȻȫһһأ·ÿë׶͸źſڡһ
漴˹
ңˣ
һصԼˣ
ǡ
ȥȫֻ֪ܻͺã
ֻǲ֪ǲǻźűˣǸոջ廹ôں⣬̧Žȣֻʹ޴ڣĸоˮһҪˡ
ҷŴ˰Ѿһôܵ£ȴϲҪʹҲ֮¡
ûдڸеĿ־壬ʹʹҲһҸˡ
ôֻˣ
ĬĬɽķоȫת
µʱвȣǱȸղǷƵѾöˡ
ˣʦأǸľ˵
ƶаĺܣʦֱҪĿ
ҷǽݣŸղʦֺľ߹·һǰˣȻ·ѾΡ
ҼǵǴչȥġ
ȻľţεɫΧʯǽʯŽȻͬ

Ҿڻﲻæʦֺ˶֣ҲҪվʦһͬ飬ֻľҲܱһԡ
ߵǰһѾ֮սҲˡ
Ȼж
û⣬ԼҵĶˡ
һŵ־ôͣ˰;УղŹһؾɢˡʲô
Ƕ佻֣ҪµĶ
˶һܶ
ԽԽǱʯʯţʲôҲһȴһƫƫľľš
Ҳ֪ԼôˣӦʲôôͻȻģһƬհסץסš
ͻȻһĵͽУôԸģȴֲò·èצ͵Ļȥһ
ҵֺȻһײš
û龰ʵƿŵʱʲôҲûһѸʽ飬ģƵģеģƬ鲼Ƭʯˮһӿ˶ڵ¡
˵ֻб۾ûб
һĶұ棬ָҲˡղһһûԼǸоһǶˣ˵ҷĻӶ첲ҪԼ̳Щ߰ĶȻˣ·Ѿû
ҾӦ˭ǲ֪ΪһǱʲôķֲ˭
ֻ֮ˡ
˭Ҳһ
Ҳ֪ǶѶ˶ãǰãȻ꣬Ҫɱһĳ嶯ȫӿܡЩΣеѡ
ʵʦֺǾʶ飬֪֣׼֣
ҲҸӦÿţӦý
·ЩԶѣǲԽԽûЩмԽԽߣסˡҼԼص֪ǲѪԼǰҲģ
ȻͷƤһȻΧѹһӶжȥ
ұǶѶ˳
öһȫӿؿڣǺ۷Σᶼγˡ
ۣһһƵһ˫һƵۣˮ·ܶӡ
ھ￴ʱֻһڿȴǹȸھȫ
û˵ʲôֻɿͷ֣ԼǼڲ˶ٵһ£ǿסһļ
ңʦأ
ľ˵ôˣҲʲôʦ֡ҪСģãԼ߰ɡ



107

Уһ̾Ϣ
ãȻĺʦ֣ûӦ
ľһƣ漴߽
ȥ
һ£Ǳסˡ
ľҺôҲʶ̧١ֻС꣬ɻħȥ̽ˣ㻹ǿЩҵ뿪ħﲻǴĵطҲ˼
˵ģպ͡
ˣպȥħˣεΣգ
ҿ磺ʦأ㡭㲻˺ɣ
ľһ仰˵˺ľҡɫر죬˵껰̷죬ߡ
Ҳģʦ֣ʦ֣û°ɣ
ûлش
ľͷһţ߻ôϻ
ʦֵһȣȥ
ľɢˣ°ڲסȣ£һ£ҲûеطվҲûеطվüͷҲû˵ʲô

еãȻؿʦ߹ץһֻ֣ҴǶǼӡ
ôˣ
촽£˵û¡
ʦһҩң˰ɣָĿһЩ
ʦ㡭 
Һ£ϱӾͿʼˣ˵ġʦ鵭ģ˵һ΢£ֻλҲûд뿪ȴͬպڿܻħĻӦòʲôΣգʱ䳤˾˵ȥһͬɽȥɡ
ȫ֪˵ʲôֻؿ
ǺϤˣֻǡദȴôȻİ
ҲŷҶʦֵ˽ʵٵĿҲ֪Ҫʲô׷ʲôҲֻиŵģӡʦֶҵĹػǻҶȴȫûС
ǴͥԺʦһﲻ
ҿʼľȻ紵ϣžԼָ֪Ǵһج۾һֻ֮ʵȴ˾ĮΣա
ȥɡʦֿһۣȻתͷúñءУպи٣ǲ׻⣬һҪúõġ
ʦ֡
ǲľ
ȥɣҲ¡鵭Ȼݣƺⲻһͨķֱ
ȴָоԺ󣬿ºˡ
סһģȴ
ʦ΢΢һЦȻӰȻ䵭ˣһĨӰ
ֹΧжǱһסˣǰ׷һֶȻȴǸղǼʯˡվһǰ
ֵϳˮŵ䡣
Ѿˣ
վڽϣΧЩӵģͨĵǰӲȥϸƷڲ֪Ϊʲôȴܣֻݺݵıͷʹһ
˵ѹʧ䡣
Ҳ֪Ϊʲô
ʦָղ˵ӣԺ¶΢Ц
ɽĵһ˾ʦ֣һֱá
ȴʲôҲΪ䰲οĻ˵
һ˵صѹͷ
ƺʲôҪ飬ˣȴ֪ԼʲôһĶʧȥˣȴ֪Լʧȥʲô
ӭײһ¡
תͷǸҲңȻ߿ˡ
һµѹˡ
ʦֵ飬ûȥܡ
պͣڻħͷΪҵðձæȴ﷢
֣ǸҿҲ֪ҴԵ·ʵŸָ
ʦָҵҩղһֱ߬ֿ̯趼Ѿɵˣҩһ͸Ѿ˾񶨡
ʦָ˵ĸоһ
Ұҩȥ
ǳȥȴﷴʲô
ûҪŽħȥˣطôô֪պȥĸ
ڳһȦһС·ĶҺպǼһûϵĶͿգõ̻֧Ұ̻ˣȻбʮϥһů⻺ӸҲڻĻظۡ


108

ԼһĹ΢΢ŵ۾
ϸ΢պ͵Ṧһɽ·ӣԵ·ŵû죬Ψ紵ôһҪĶֻȫעܲ׽һ㡣
ƮԼǲϸΪۻ˻Ӱ
ǰԶͣҾôһһ̰
תͷ׷ڣڷڶϸļ糵һתչעӵķ·ûоͷ۾ңãȻͿϲı顣

Ҳ֪Լôȥģ۾ȵģһһĹĶʧõһУݣȻݵȴ˰

պͣպͣպ͡Ҳϵģ֡
ֻԹ۶ܲĹ£ҲŷƽԼעһǶôҪܿǲġ֣ܺȥӵܸܵܡ
ܹ˵Լ˵ĻԼ£
㡭ˡģ߽Ƶ˵ղһڿѰҰ취һת۾Ϳ㡭Ҳΰɣ
ǣǵģҸıס
ллأ˵ллء
ʣûˣţûУ
ûСʣô֪ôָģǳʲô£
Ҳ˵⵽ôһ¡
һ֪ﲻ˵ĵطҲ˵ʱ
ߡ뿪˵
ԣ̧ͷȥʦ֡
һ£պתУұܵס
ȵȡ
ôˣعͷ

ʦ֡ãȻİ죬֪ô˵¡Ҳ˽ȥֻ֪֡ʦֺǣͬ·ͬˡһȴûа취һȥ
˵ѽôˣ
ұ졣Ҳ֪ôպͣҲ֪Ӧúȥδӡ
һˮϡ̧ͷ첻֪ʲôʱһϣߡ
ҵõһɻʱ䣬Ȳ˵Ǽ¡
ԽԽûܳԶ˸ĵطǸССĲطֻܰڵӣһҲûȲˡһ϶һ߲졣պ͵ͷʪˣ΢΢ڼձߣڰ׷һ£պ΢΢һЦȻ˵ˣô¡
ʲô
ӴһССĴƿƤһƿҲӦ˵ǣҼĻľϵʱ
ħǼʯﾻƿӣŴ
ǣԼԼµˣֻǲ϶
˵ǸҪĶġƿתһ£ҿֲ衣īдڻֽϵġ֡
ҵ֣
ҽȥһȦҲģȴҲܰȥһˣͰˣǸøȥǣƲźá˵ܵͣڲﶥϵĻȫǹȥˣѾ̽ⶫȻȴһȱݣҪȥҲǺɵġ
ϸİ˿óȻ˳һߵĲˮȥ
Щŵؿⲻ۵ĴӣһֽͿҪҵ˵ţⶫΣաħط־˲ȥ֮Ÿ˱ֱð
һһⶫôимȴΨ³ˮȻҲϷڴƿ֮ڣӰ
պ͵һЩˮУȻ󻺻Ѵӽ⿪
ϢţǴֽһͷѾˮ͸ˣּҲģ塣
ûˡ
ֽ¶õĶߣպٽˮȥԾȫֽࡣ
ЩȻؿţңʦΪʲôûһ𣿡
̧ͷպ۾һӨĹ⣬ô̹ϣеؿңȴ֪ú˵ʲôҵĻһʲôطһ㾫᲻
ʦڵʱ򣬲Ǳزȱˡȴﱻĸȥһ飬ѪڿĵطʹĸоҲ޷˵


109

ʦ˵˵䣬ͣһ롣ô϶İܼǵõģ˵պ͡ҴǸľ￴ģġкʦ˵ʲôʲôҴûҪһ˵ҪôͷϷ·ǶżĶ̣ÿ˵һֶôѡ
պͳĬţһûв廰ԽԽ󣬲Ҳʼ©ˡˮϣϣҲĵס
ԭ˵ˣպͳĺһľ˼䡣
ҿ
պ͵ָĿۻһ£һ£ĵס
ʦǲԸģǲǣ
ȻԸġֻǡǸľӵʦǴӦʲôɣ
Ҫ취ӲУжʦŪһģƲһȥ
ͷ
ĺպһ
ֵ˱裺˵ңһ̽ƿɽҲط˵ȱɣͣˣҸط£ȥ
û˵꣬պͺȻһ֣豭ڽߵȥ
豭ȥǣȴȻһûζǲ豭˸ա
պһ˺ǰѾ
վȻվڲդ䣬ﰵִɫڸʵĺܣ̵˵λүʲôģС϶µĺܰ
պͺһ˲Ҷɻ˱ĶɣеӿڵĻʲô
˵̵ģ޵һ˿аǺǺǣ˲ҶȻˮֻˮȴʯȪׯɫȪˮܺȵһڣǸݰүʶϧϧ
ٷϻʴǵĸôպ͵װĵãҪˮζԣһûأұˣȻı£ưɣ
˵ԣС϶Ӳ󣬹үĵȴСħ֮ڣһƵ֮˹С϶ȻֻǸ֮ˣҲڹһáȻã͵ðү¶С϶ֻ빫үλһȥ˵
պЦһãǾͿû˵ıˡ
ֱԭһҲֻţŲߡһֱͦƺһЩɫ԰ףοݣһ˫˳ӥצָڼⳤ
С϶Ȼûʲô£ȻҲ衭ֻǹүҲ֪һ仰ɣеǣǿѹͷߡ
һ仰δˣٿȻʶֻһڹ⳯ǱպһӣҿշĻɫ⻡ڹԭϸţëĸ룬ģϮǰ׷ױշסܼһ죬һƬ
պЦô㱾£ǿɾ桭Ȼס˿ڣͷȥϸ
㵹б£ô֡
һʲôҲûպһҵ֣ߡ
϶乴Цߣ߲ˣ
һֲ˹ȥ֮乴ϣرպһңߣ
УҲѾƿ
һӰԶӰӰ´µҲ嵽жˡ
ұպŷɱ䳤˳ȥϽ嶸ȻգæֱסɽǰУ˺߳Ž׷ᡣ
δϳܼ۾ͷҲ̧ĴȻף׷ȴҲ㡣ͷ˻Ǿһʱ׷֮һְһ䷢ûպĽշҲڲӦҽ񵲣ЩϸСİɻʯƵķ׷׵صͭӻڽȻ죬ҵûȫָڱ۷飬յĿҪղס
պ͵ͺȣң䣬ɽٶȶȻֿһʱԶԶЩ˦
꽫Ͻ͸ʪһֽպ͵ϱĵȴǳ
պ͡Ķ亰һ
ţͷҲûأʲô
Ұ㡣
һұ֣ʣҲǣ


110

һֱ£˺üȦӣħ׷ʼҧýģȻʱ˦ԶЩһǾָպĨһϵˮ˵ɣһֻų壬ȴôȥû˲ء
ѿڶƴˡ
һҾ֪Լ˵˴ҸպħһȺպ͵ûеңֻ˵취ٶȦӿ
սѾص̧ѾѳѪպ˺һ½Ǹҹϣҩҷ¡꽽ǸմˮһͣĨˮɬۣ˸١
Ѿֱ治ɫԽԽעѾִĺħȺ겻ɢļһ˴죬ҲպҲãֽƣĸоľʧӦԽԽٶۡǰĴˣһҲˡ
ûˣθ㡣
պ͵ҴһǰСҲ۵ĺˣɽٶȲղţЩ
ȥĶΪԼ˵ĺܴڷУҵȫûˣԼԼ˵ʲô
ȥ׵ĵطպҲúĲ˵ʲôִƿ֮겻ɢҧˡ
ЩɣЩħǵʲô׷Ѱľжôôܣһʱ˦ǣʱֶˣ總֮ɱӲҧһھ֡
һԶûЪպʹϢҲţȴȻһͨ͸ˡʲôһˡպͻңֻҪֿһô˻Ȫ·ϣһҪôı֣ضֿ
պͺȻ˵ͺáҲʱ־ɽ£һңߡ
ѾڣסߡҸһŵһŵĸǰߣȴ֪ںδ׷ֽˡ
ƽ߸ߣµʯҲԽԽպʹ˼վʵϣ˵ˣͲˡ
ãȻĹˣֻƺһɽϣƺһȹرյţʯ³ʯһֱ졣
ʲôط
պ˵ĺš
һʲô
һΪطû·ͨýȥΪγʱľͳˣһʦִպͽȥʱ·ȴҲûпס
ǰʦִҽģĽɵסǡЩħǣ٣ǿɲ˵ˡǵı°ɡ
ûͣĿԿ·ʯϣӰӰ´µĲ׷պϥڵ£ûϽЪЪôڵģ
Ҳѧһϥ£˹
ЩӰǻʮɵĵطȻһؿǽڣֱֱıײɳȥУʯ׵УеͣһӱУƺ뿳һ·
Թԣò
պ봹촽΢˵û˵ôˣͽɽͬһֻ꣬нûгס˶ˣóݡЩСɫʲôǽģ
ȻǽȴҲûзҺպ;һ⣬һȺ򹷴ߣԽԽ࣬Ų֪ʲôƵĻѣڴоҲϨȥ̵ţð̣ͷһһƬѩ
պ˹һ죬ŽվٺһЦǵ˻ƺҲģһӹⳤӵĴȥʰһȥ
һ䡰Сġû䣬պͽһݣһֻҹѸӯ˵ʯͷȥˡ
ҵİΣ̽ͷ⿴պ͵ĽķҲ֪һ֮Щ䲻ͻȻϮɱ䣬硣պһߴţһ߸ЦƼûʹʹ죡˾Ҳɱһ
ЩħļһƲһȥպŽѰʪɣֽ˺ЩѪһЦ˵ɱʹ죡һ·ɱ׷ıˡ
İϵɨӹûˣЩѪҲϵġ
ɡ¿ǴŲ¡㿴
պҲչ
Щħආһʱˣպˣȴ־ֿ֮ʼԵжʹɹ⿴һŷŶǶ̵ҲһҲûͣǵĵƸ߳࣬ЩðһţȴһҲմǡ
ֻħİڳƣȻ佫һʣԭΡ״ĹޣȴǴûм
պһæסҵĶ䣺϶Ҫ
һ㶣ûʲô̧ҲסĶ
ֻͷſڣҺȻ;ǰһΣȻѾס˶䣬Ǿһӿ羪ξˣվҲվȡպͻŶ䣬忿ĺܽôһڵ¡һݸߣһǿؿԽԽܣƺҲȫѪһͷ
϶ܣ޲̾Ҫըѿ
ҽıۣҧ̣ʱƺֹͣˣԶֹͣһ
ȻȫһᣬǱѹھɽȴȻȫһ֮űѪӿһһѪ˳
ۿƺЩģ壬պ͵ǶһɫɷֽǵѪҲرۡ˵㻹ðɣ
˵ֻܵ˵ͷ
ٿʯ·ֻ޲֪ǺľʲôԵԵʣѾ׹һšһħЩȻҲŶģҲĶᣬѾ¶ԭΣʧػư֮һζ·šպĨǵѪΣ˵ֻ˵ɻͷһμأħȻ鴫ĶҲȴҲûʲôãɱһǧ˰˰٣ٺ٣ôá
Ȼ֨ѽ죬ʯŻ
һͷȥǿʯ͸ůĹ⻪ʦվ㣬ˮ


111

ʦ֣
һͷʲô׷ǡ
պʹӵվɦͷЦ˭ħ£϶ҧûĵطȥˣֶֻ㵽
ʦֿֿңˣ
ղűߵĺģһˣҲءպ͵ѾͦҵģҲòȥǰеѣһ졣
պʣҲ˰ɣ
ʦֵͷҸղž⸽Թԭǡ
պһӣʦְȴԮһѰȻǽǻƽȮˡ
ʦ¿ͷ˵ħ˴Ǯˣ־ڱصã㵽ʲôˣ
ҲǰĴ͵˳պ˵
ֻʦüһǲħô׷ɱǰ
պͽżڵ²䣬С˵ҳʱ˳Ǽŷʯʹ˸ˮ䣬˵ĴҲ˲ٰɡ
ʦ£ѹˡҲɣ¿ͱѣֲһ㲻ӡ
ֲáʯƿһһģ˵ҲмٸħͿЩЩɳȥ˰ɣǵɱһӱպͻˣƴŹ֡
ʦӴţһֱͬպ˵Ҳûп
ҵͷԼĽӵ¼ϵϣֲԾ΢΢ƺе㲻ʹһ
춼ûЪŰɣȽ˵ʦתͷңϾôҪô
ȻºͣȴҲȻʹǰȽȻͬ
ﻹеεģǱĻûлָҡͷͷԼ֪Լ˵˾ʲôҲûעʦִҾʲôĿãȻͶ·Щһ뻹࣬һǿǸڲ¶϶ӰҲǸɣҺպͺɲɵƫƫͽǼ棬˵ĵ˭Ҳħô㽲彲ƽǱһ·׷ɱôǱòӻ
ʦ֣㷽ôպ͵ûֱӾȥ˵־Ҳͦġ
ʦ˵Ҫġ
ҺȻһ̧ͷ
ľվһֽɡ꣬ƺᷢһ㣬ԵüѩףģȻĿѣۣĿ䵽ϵ˲䣬кεĺҼս
Ŀһգƺ°תͷȥһ徲ˣҹĺһƬҲʡ
պ˵ô˵ҲһʶſЪЪܿ԰ɣ
ľһЦС굹ҲǸ˼ģ㲻ʦֵӣҲ֮ܽ⡣
赭дľͰƲһ߲ᣬҵͷսû
ʦһԼԸġ
ֻǡǵľȣȴ̫Զˡ
ƺи͵͵˵Ӭתݡҷ˦˦ͷûʧ
պɫ糣ǸղĶвʣ˻û⣬պתͷңôˣﲻô
˵ûС
ͣһͣ˲ݡƺڴߴ٣պ塣ؿƵŻһһݺݵĸԼϿϼ£й
˵ʲôƺˣȴָû˵Щʲôպҵ֣ҿ촽źϣһ´УȴֻԼԽԽ꣬΢΢۾ǡ
պ¶ɻǵ飬ֱҵĶϵһ˿Ȼкһ죬һشؿڣǰһƬհףֻһﲻͣĴߴţŽһγþȫվǰԶĺɫӰ˹ȥ
ɱɱǣ˶ɱ
ɱɱɱ
йӴ̶ļ죬пȥһƬȺ졣ƴĻŽǰ壬ؿڳѪĿ
˼һƬ飬ǰĶһĪ࣬һһӰӹ;׹Ʒ

ͣͣ
ôˣ
㿴˭˭
ôˣ
ͣģһֱںȶꡣ
ҵĶǱˣ̧岻ܶ
˭ץң
㿴ҡôˣ㻹
ǰͨһ죬ʹҵǶһЩҴ˵ôˡԼһ
Ҫʦ֣ǻָˡֻסң£ղһҪסˡ۲ۣû̫ýһ¡
ȵĴߴţšɱɱɱɱ
оǹ˺ܾãֻж̶̵һ˲䡣

ڻҵ֡
Ҷǰݿ㡪պ͡
ֻǣɫôĲ԰ף
պ͵ֽҵֱۣôƺȫ档
ҵ´ҿһĴ̽պ͵ǰȳȵѪմҵ֡
ҵ֡
Žģҵ֡



112

һجһ뺰Ҳ붯Ҳˡ
ؿڹĶĿʹǰһ󷢺ڣ˺öȴȫ
ҾվţŽ
ֻҵֱָۣˣĹİȥƺȫƾѽڳŲվ
ұһģŽֺȻûպһĵ
㾭پõʱ⣬㵽Ҫȥһ죬Ҷ⸱龰
ãȻſ˫ۣպ͵屧ס
صģûһů塣
·Զֹͣһֱ¸ͣҪҵ֣պʹһƿȻǴѵħоѣܲ˵һץסǰɫӣʦ֣ȾȾ
пǴһңԶĵطϵ
ˡ
ˣˣ˭ˣ
պͣ
ġ
պô
ڲ֮ǰƺǸոգԦУңһȻħ׷ô̸ЦһҲη塣Ȼݣȴ̲޾ľ۾Цݲãĺ׷
ֻһתۣһжˡպضĵûһ˿Ѫ͸ǰҲմҵ˫֡
Ĵϣպ͵һֻ֣Ĳɡ
ʦ֡ʦ֣ҵƵʦ֣ܾȾ
ˮץŵһһʦֵ۽֡
ʦֿңҡҡͷ
ⲻġ
һΣôƣô̡
ҪһģǻôԶ·ҪһߣôҪһ
պ;ϵһ㲻Ƿʲô顣ƽݣȻڰ˯Ҳһ˸Ρ
ֻ˯ˡ
ḧͷա
ֻ˯ˣ˯ˡ
ġ
˵Ц
ǰҺáϣû˭Ҹá
ؿǻһ̣Ƶһʹʹɵ
ҽ֣߬оһı
ǼٵġһжǼٵġ
ⲻġ
պͣѹѹҡ
ԺȫģȥĶǾȥĶҪʲôǾʲô
ԶҲֿ
ڸղţǻһôܡ
ЩЦЩԣЩ۱۶ĿĹ
Ҽǵǵһμ棬һƬӵЦݷ·ҫۡ˵
˵
˵ʲôΪʲôҼǲˣ
ôļ䣬ƴ룬ȴôҲ벻˵ʲô
ǲҪ
УһŵۣһԽɽʦѧաһȥɽأƬµķ桭ɲԴ䣬ƾá
һĸףպ͸ס
ǣ˭ĸ׽ʲô
պܸʶĸףλǰ׿ȻȲɽǰˣ˭
ʲô˭
պ
߬պ͵֣ա
ɫôô԰ףΪʲô۾
ҵͷԼ֡
ɺĺۼˮһ嵭ЩǵĹˮˣҲ޴Ѱ

𳳣𳳣ǵáҼǵõģҶûҼǵʶһ䣬ҼǵööĳԵģ֪С꣬һʱһ̶ûңԵġֻ˵ҲͲʣҵԼҵʱҲұħƹʵһֱǣһֱػģ¸ͻ뿪ҡһֱû˵һֱ˵ȵԼ֪ʱ򡭡
ѵ㣡
Һѵģ֪䲻ҲúһҿǷи̫̰ģֻץҲʧȥ
һǡ
һ·Ĳʣߵڡ
ʦ˵պԼҲ˵һ˸߹ңպи٣ǰպԼ⣬ҲûϡһֱֺǺǵģҸû
ɽҪ£Ҹ뵽٣ڴʱڴ˴
ҡ
ɱ
ҿԼ֣ţôҲ벻˫ôѽ̽ؿڵġ
պͣôأ
ôЦôưٱ䣬ǴԿġˣ겻зô
һû¡һ
ԣȥȥʦȥĪţǻ㣬㲻ģġ
ҰպͱãȻĹˡ
ǻȥȥ˾㣬ûµģ㲻
һҵ˾ģǻȥǲֿǻһ𣬺ܾãܾá
ǰһƬīƵĺڣ곶ǵصۡ
Ҳ·
ǻȥķ
պͣһѣңǸȥĶ
ǻؼҵ·
ǰߣһһ
ǻؼҡ
պͣһؼҡ
󣬵Զߣһصȥġ
һᡭ
˺ңסҡһͷ
ˮģߡ
״䣬˵Ļû
δϣ˳Ҹĺ˵ֺȣе¶ȡҪҵˣҡҡͷתߡӱ˹ҡ۾ǰҿǰ·Ķȥη
˷羪սֱۣȴԼĻû
ҳٶ۵ĵͷҵĻôˣ
ǰ֣ץѰ
ǣʲôҲҲ

˳Һһѣˣˣ
ˣ
˭ˣ
ۣ˭˭
ǰһתһƬ磬һƬãȻ
ޱߵĺڰ۵ףһڱҵʶ



113

ãȻվһƬããĴѩУŽţȴжô䡣
ʲôط
Ұνǰߣһһݣѩû֣ߵ쳣
Ĵѩ죬Ҳؼ侲ˣƺҰççޣȴֻһ顣һѷĵӣ
Ĺ¼˼̲ס߽УеĻ
һһǰߡ
Һ㯣ģģļǵԼЩȷ
Ҳɣ
·ƺ̫ɵˣӦбʡĶİ취
̧֣ȭһ
ƺһЩһůؿȫ
ҪȥЩʲô
󡭡ҪȥһˣҪˡ
Ҳ֪˭ʲôطʲô֣ʲôӡ
޴
ȴҡ
ؿаѵڸ̣Ѫܵۡ
һҵǸˡ
ҵ֮󡭡
Щһпļƽϡ
һһ󣬺ǳƺҪɱ⣬·ȫѩڸˣҪҸ·ҲûС
תͷ󿴣ѩֻһǳǳ㼣ԶµĽӡ
ⷽܺʹ
Ǵأ
һƬ磬һͷҲûСҲٺǰ߲Ҫ顣
֪˶ãҲüʶǶһɽɽЩطûбѩţҿһڡ̣
̫ˣд̾˵˼ң
Ҽӿ첽¸ϣɽѩϻС쵹ǿˣǲһͷһѩ
̤ʵصʱͣסǰļƣվֱ
ǰһȦʣᣬǰŲ֪ʲô߻ǻ֮࣬Ȼѩг߰ЩֲأԳľӡǵҲϸģѻѩɨˣһƬرΧİѩӳĵķ̿ϲ
վ⺰ιûģ˼ңʸ·
Ӧһѩ·Զ־룬ɡ
ƽͣɽҰӣ֪
е֣ʲôأ
ԼҲ
˼Ҷˣƿ֦СŽԺӣСıܿȥԺֵĶǰŰߵ£˵Ͳضɡ
ƿšӲ󣬼ʲҲ࣬ľرӶףֱ׾ŵϯһ̤ȥ֪£Żŵףůڵ紺գıѩȫ硣
иһӳ񣬳˸٣һ̵̧֦֦ͷüſݣѵϷǾǳ֮΢΢һ˵˴Ӻδ
Ҳһ£ҡԵζɽأ
ɽͷﰲĺܣԿ⣬ɡ
ڿſڵĵط¼ϵİ
˵˼ȻһֱϣԼȴȫҲ֪װʲôһ·Ҳû򿪿
в裬ֻԱ㡣
ǷǷ̫ˣдš
˲ٿңְĿͶǰϡ
Ҷֻǲݲ֪ЩƤëǰڵƺǸо֡˼һһӣȻŰԭԼԼ塣⵹Ǹĥʱĺ÷ӡ
ҵͷԼİ棬涫ܼ򵥣һѣ׵״Ĵƿǩֽһдšһдš衱ӣͭǮ𵶻ʯֽĽ׸⣬õġ
ЩûʲôҪҷһ£һš
˸ҵţҪˣȴûͳȥţ
ŵķƤʲôҲûдȴҲûзڡҴһֽ
д֣Ҳֻ֣ǲ֮ҲżֻҪǵҪ顣ҪѰǺ峤ƽ
ֻȻֽϵīԽԽֻ滹ֽ֣ѾҲûаī㣬Ȼ˰ֽһš
ҳһŰֽȥؿֽֿȴҲûһˣ
ô¶
ͷԣ־ãȻ
ŪʼĩΨһǲһתۣȴˣ


114

ôˣ
̧ͷԥһ£ϵ֣ſһУȴͻȻˡ
ңֿ˿еֽ˵Ҳûʲô֣زϵĶҲϡ档
ϵģ
ͷ̣û˵ҹ𣿡
ƺ˵ģ˵ҹֳ֣һʱ־ͶֿԼֽ
ѵҾȻǸһ⡭
Ҳֹڤ䣬ⷲĵطҲֹһһЦġ
ҵԼҲŪףİˣ֪ıҪöࡣ
۹䣬ӺǹţӣЩдģ˿дĸʿžһֻĹһ򶨺Ĺһ˿ɾûС
ôʱ򣬺Ȼڵϯϵ½󣬺Ȼһ¡
ΪԼۻϸȷڶ
һЦ˵̫Ƥÿ˼Цˡ

Լ°ڣӵͳʲôë׵һšҵ˵⡭Ǹʲô
Ǹô
ûӨӨëɫɣ
͸ѩϣëëԵþӨʮƯ
̲סڣǣ
΢Ц˵ҶӡСͣ˴к
Сβߴߴ⡭ֻСꣿ
⡭˵Ķֻꣿǡ
ҵĿСƵϡòȣ̸¶ǸƽˣѵѵǸ꾫
ҺȻղǴϣ˵ҪҺ峤
дҵҽ
ҵΪҺ壿

ǣǰһһѵҪҵˣҪ£ʲôҪĹ
˲ûţﲻʲô·Ұ룬Ǻ˵ѡǳЦݣҲǾѩ··ѣЪЪţ޶⣬˲Ҫɡ
ҵҲȫĻֻҲǺ꾫֮Ҳֻе㾪⣬־塣
û˼ôƺ
˵ս˹հ
ԥһ£ŴֽѩӳһƬӨףѿ˵ҡհס
һЦôԭǰ׹ӡò衣
С鶯ãʮȵϲֲ䡣عͷңתµ£˼Բȶ̣βɣһҡһҡӻܲȵôҲǴ˵к꾫ƻĵӡ

ԥһ£ʣλ֪峤ںη
ӵͣס̧һۡ͸ղŵƽʲͬһ罣аƺֱ˵ĵס
΢΢һݣʣԭΪ֣ôܵɽҰءк£
֮벻һ·һˣǣȴԼ֪ԼΪʲô飬ôһʣȴˡ
ָڵϯϡơ£Сͣٳ߽عͷȥˣβͻһ£ССһ˻
Զ࣬ЪϢһ°ɡҪҵڲҪҪپĵȴաԵɣȻ㲻˵Ҳ׷ˡ
վ޳վԵ÷ݣ˵вİȣһ˫ͬʱ̶ַʲô˵׹ӿһҪȥιӣʧˡ
ûҿ˵Ѿٲȥţһᣬźϡ
ұһʱӦһûʲôһʣսѾ˽ģֻȵãû׷ʣҲûаҾ֮⣬ֻǽҸҡҿЦ񲻶ˮҲûһڣͰ˵ˡ
ҲԸԼ֪ԼʲôģǺ峤ʲôˣ٣ŮҶ֪ôܸĴ
Ȼ洫΢죬̤ѩ
վƿ⿴
ɽѩأһŽ覵İɫֽеӰ̤ѩУתۼ͵˽ǰ



115

Զֻһ˼ң˵˽ǰȻͣסŲ˳һ۱紵ҵͷƿʵ.
֨ѽһ죬ֻѩɫģëһСƵ˳ȥ˻ߴߴĲͣţ䰤ĺòȡ
ⲻǻôԹԱûУҿءӻɫƤСݸС꣺صظ㶩ߣϲϲ
СµأѩĲ֣ʵжʾʮϲ
֪ΪʲôҾ;ƽеۡ
Сɰ
һҶǺôҲǣ˼ɽѰ˿סˡסҲһԻԷ֮ࡣղսӣôôǷ
˵ʲô֡־Ǳ
ԺǸתͷҿżɫӣͬʮֵò֮䣬էһЩĪ档һ£Ұڰ֣ιǴĶģ
һû˵Ǹսڸ˵㲻ôȰѻ˵ɡ
ĪЦŻե֣ġ
֡
ݣ˵ﵽֹĸоӦôݡ
ˡǵһμȴһҲİ
͸ղǸȣԵ÷ſЦݣֹ̹ĲΡ
Ҳ룿
࣬һҲ
ԭǰǸӽн
һĲŷӦ......ǵĹϵƺܲѰ
ǲҵ£ֻҳ峤䡣
٣˭٣Լģдŵ˵ģֻǱ˵ģ
ǷŵֽҵĻֽѾûּˡ
ҳһȻȻи˵һһ߹ҵĽţֱһȥ
ǸɫƤ
ּϻմһѩΪůǵѩѸٱˮ飬մʪ֡
ⶫľ쳣Ƥɫ޿ɰ治֪ʲôе
ߴߴ
С겻֪ʲôʱģ̧צҡβҰ򻹸
ҾʮȤΣҪȥԼðɡ
ԥһ£ĵûʲôߵҵĸǰ
ɫëȥỬƬƶ䣬һů⡣
Сƺܱͷһ״ҵ֣ȻһԾҵơ
ֽС𣿡
Ȼ˵ͷ
ҾȻһҲֻͨԶʲô֮·쾭ģˡ걾͸öԡ
֪𣿡Ҽʡ
ֵ˵ͷ
̫ˣŶ
ʶ峤ô
Сƺҵ·ȶҵȤҧҵһֳ
һΣûеͷҡͷıʾи˵ιôСӵĻ̫ðɣ
̧ͷǸĪӷſ򣬳һЦȻ˼ǲͬҲ⣬ϴǳЦûӡ˵ұ
Сҧҵӣֿңһȥ᲻ӵ̬ڶƵ۾µµתͣɰĲˡ
Ҫϲӣ͸㡭
Ҳ֪ԼôˣģҾ;ֵá
ҸʲôӸһǸɴ˺ıȽϷ㡣ĪһЦιҶӲһͣ㲻ҪȾ϶֮ѽ
һ㶣ԴǺòһ˫ءСϥȥܵ˽űߴתתߴߴС
λˣҶӵߣǲҲͦģ
ҲŷӦһֻֻ˼ҵĺƤ򣬸Ͻ£Ĳһ£ȥС̧צǸ򣬳졣
Ц
е㱣Ī˵˵ðŴѩɽҪҺ峤ģ
̧ͷЦݿ䣺֪ʲôأ
̽ʣѵ.....
ҡҡͷЦ˵ҲǡҶͬ壬Ҫʲô飬ҿԴΪתġ
ͬ壿
ҿűߵĺ꣬ٿЦһ˲̬˵ֻ뵽֡
꾫



116

ҵĲý֪Ķ˵ɤ˵̸
ЦһֱС꣺˵κ¶һ仰˵꣬˿Ҫô˵
ˣĮ̄һһ仰˵ʲô
ͷ档
һ㶣ˣ
ȻˡЦУܼɣ
Īĳ嶯롭롭

侲£˼ͣ˵ٹݣҲֻš
ҲúʲôĪֳĪ̵ֶģҽл棬Ī.־ͳ.
һ쳤ֱԼ˱裺Ѱɼе·ġֲʶҪҵˣأпһѰġѰѰ׵ģǣҲͲ²ˡ
룺ǣɡ

ţüң鶯˵˵
Ҫƽһ˵١
£ȻЦˣ϶طˣأܣҪ£Ҹ㨣Ӧȥһɽµʦ֣үľתٶԻõʵǴ˵еĸ̫֡˵ġиˣȻר˵ԨҲѷɽɵˡĸãʵڲãЩéɽʿ취ҺиҲ·Ǻû˻ٵ¡ֿңеɻ󣺡Լģ
ҡͷ֪ҲǵģҲǵġ
㶼֪ʲô
ֻʵʵ̹˵ҲǵԼʲôҲǵǴĶģҪʲô£ǸղſһŲ֪ġ
ĪüͷʹüͷҲԵúܺÿ
أƣ
̯֣ղλ̨û˵ôŸȡֻ֣īȫʧˣӰӶûʣ¡λ̨˵ֻŲϵĶҾֻ֪ԼҪҺ峤ƽһ˵١˭Ҳ֪
һС˳ëСһķڵϯϣצ죬ĺ죬˵ϲ
ȻĪ治֪뵽ʲô˳ëͣС겻⣬ſתͷָҧһ¡
ˣŸҿ
˵Ѿûˣ㡭
˵ֻ֪ܸҾˡ
Ұݸ˳涼˿
һҲûУҲܿʲô
ֽǰİ̯һϵḧƽָܺÿϸ˳ָһ
ҵĿⶢ̧̫ͷ˵õģҲŪֽġҲŰֽûʲôá
ֵͷȥֽȻһ¡
Ӧһ
žỺĽŲ죬ƿ߽ϴŲ࣬һ˫ľſڡһֱŽŵģղҲʲôףȴöеʧ
㿴ֽ
˵̬ȻǣֵԵ飬Ե......
һƼˣ˵ĸо
֪ǵĹϵѰҵҲ죬ºȻһ
Сȥ֮䣬쳣Э
ֽɲһеֽ
ָһ£ֽέƤ飬лһ׽͹ǷֽۡɲڻеĶûǴŵиǧ......
Թԡһͷֽǹϵģ̇ͷңһ㶼ǵˣ
˵㲻ˣļҪôǱҪôǺֽϵּʧһ
.....Ī̾һǴԽʱ䣬Żɣ
˵пܡ
Ȼһ̧ͷңĿרע̽ѯоζ
ֻ̹ʵؿǡ
ΪʲôǵãûǶࡣ
ֽܿһЩҾȫ
㰡.....Ī˵ǴӺܶǰġֽֽڵĶֽİ취Ѿʧˡ֣ƽһ˵١
Ȼ˵ѵƽĲʶõˡˣ
Īһ̧ͷô
վȥȥ



117

ȡĶһɫӡҲ֪ҪʲôĪ濴Ҳ㯣С갲ʡ
Щп˵ⶫԭûã벻õϡ
ʣʲôģ
ֻ˵˿һ˵񡣡
Ҿúϣֻǿƽƽ棬ֻǺͨ͸ϲ֪Ҫôá
ٵԭѣֻҽ߲ҽ޵Ҳܶͼ˵̡̾ҲûҪóáһᣬ
ĪʣôҪ˭
΢΢һЦȴûЦ⣺Ѿˣٿ˶ûʲôġ.....ӵûһʱҲΪѾˣҲ㡣
Īһ£ôһ桭
ҲˣţҲҪǵġ
˵˵ȥģǽҲʶʲôͷ
Ǻ߳˻Ī滳С֣Сͣ
С۾µµתɵϰߵ˽ǰ
ֻ̯Ǻ߷·һֻĲСľ
ҿýţĪһţֻСԼȤ̧צȥץԼᶯĺߣƺһ
ϵľϣ͸һȦ⣬ӨӨ˵СԼצȥȴˡ
ǺԽԽȴҫ۴Ŀ
ȻСһǺһӾ˸ɸɾ
Ī澪һȥС걧ڻСͣôԹԱûﲻ
СͷҡҡλΣͷġ
̤ʵһ㣬漴뵽ǺͻȻʧǸʲô˵
˿һȣȣɫȴҲ͸һҰüͷ΢΢
ôĪѿʡ
ǡĻ˵ĻѡĪ氡һôһ˵Ȼ
ҲãȻˡ
ҵ˭Ҫ˭٣
ֻССĺ
Īĵطǵþ£ҲԼǰ;Ϊ
᣿
ңʲô......ϵ
ҶС꿴ȴǷ̬ͬɰĺͯӤһ㣬ϵȻô̬䣬ȻôſĪ滳˯ˡ
ҺȻã׷ЩҲûʲô塣ܾôɰһСһ٣һӦ顣
ָϣҲ֪СʲôϵٿĪ棬еɺֵʡ
Сĸ˭ʲôط
һðֻȴǷʵʱ
ֻдһôҪٿɲ˵˵ܰ쵽£̸סĪ˵ɵĻȴΡ
ġóһ취һŵ֤Сƽ¡
һᣬ־ʮָж
ҲǵԼûѹңĪ鼱Уȴ˶ݡ
ϵĶһҺȻԼһһ˿
·Ͼ͸оˣϾǲ²ۣЬûУҲֻһĶЩճ¡ҵĶʲôԼҲ֪
һ룬ֵúúòꡣ
˿ϣϵһöɫСѰ˼Ӵĳ˫֮࣬һƽƽĹ׾Ρ
֮ԾأΪ棬ƺеůڵĶһʱһ΢΢Ķĵĸо
Ȼ˵һۡ
Ұ˸
ָĻͣһͣһ
ָһתһŤûôģȻһ죬ѿһ졣
Ī˵ͷж
û˵ֻǰ˱һڿ⵹ˣһװŶССϻӡ
ѶУϸȥ
ƬмӣһӨףһ糺죬ڣ黥ƣĲͣתȦ
ʲô
ҲţĪ˳
ϸţӵĹӳ۵ףת



118

룬ž֮ҪĹؼķڰϣⶫȻûмȴԲµس
ӡĪûԵĴ˵ʲôӸǺôɣ
ǣϻԸ⻨ʱȥһҲ˵û뵽ҾȻԿⶫԭΪⲻǴ˵ֻѾûˡĪɫѾԽԽѿ΢΢һЦⶫת顣ĹãȻˣȴ˵һ䣬֮䱦
ת飿
ִУҺȻûɵ΢΢һƺ˵ֻȴ벻ȥҵļһƬŨڵķ羰˼Ƕ˵
ⶫʲôãĪ൱ʵ˵һϻҲΪ̫鼱СƾһΨʧ䱦о仰йҡ
ǷƽС͵أ
һЦҲмְգת飬͸ǲùڵǣڿ˵ˣȷʮֵг⣬Ȼֻǲ֪˭ͬʲôϵ
Ī⻰ϵںͻࣺǰֵĺܣ˵ǲǴӹȥأȥˣôԤ֪Ľѣ
仰ȴʵҡôܴԼֽʲôǴǷ֪ģգһ
ΪʲôͻȻطΪС٣ұȽĪ˻Ҫ֣֪𰸡
ˣ벻⵹üһʱĪе£СİΣҵȤȴûôתͷȥ˵ⶫõôãôֵܵ˽ѣ㵹֪֪
Ц㵱ȫ֪Ҳúһ£ȥЩ׵ľ顣ллϴǷֵ磬СڵĹǺûҵȫˡ
Ī˵Ҫ͡ȥʲô⣿
ͷ⵹ҲǸ취Ӽʶ㣬ǻҪ
ѾȫƲһˡ
Ҳ岻ϿڣֻǾʮơ
벻ԼҲ֪Էˡһֻĵϸ
˼䣬Īվ˵ǾôˣȥﴫѶһ˰ɡ
СߴߴĪͷԹԱɲԵʱ򡣡
Сµƺԥһ£ֱӳҾͱҵϥǡ
Ī濴ͶҶ죬ƺʮ졣
Ҳе֣Īĸ
ǺǣСһ......ɰ
֪ûʲôɻ䣬Ҳܿ϶ǵݣֻôĳƺ
ɰĪüͷᵷʲôѧ
С겻ļߴߴ
Ī治˵λ......
Ϳˡ
ţöлˡ첻ˣѩɽסɣһԶٱ㷹
ҿһ䣺Ǿʹˡ
˵Ҳûʲôֲ
ѵǿɷǵĽȥв˳
ҵ۾һˣΪĪЦĶȥˡģ϶ҲˣǺģ峤ǳ˵꾫꾫Ǻ꾫ָֺģȴ˳˵ĺ꾫.٣Ҿҵķñһĺ꾫ǿˡ
һ֣ȻİϾϷһڵķˣ˵ζҲŷͶˡ
еģⲻʲôɳëë֮İɣҿ治Ұȥ
õģҼҵġĪЦЦǲ¶棬Ҳסˣɣ÷˶.
رζҲ汼˺ܾãں伢ʱ򣬼ʹһ鿷Ҳرζ
е
ҿܾһʮʵȻΪʲôһ֪ʲôζء
СſӱϣʹĿһֻȣҵһγԵⱻۣմ֥
ֻһȣĪֻһ㣬ͺûԹһ΢Ц˵ˡ
ҿһȦͷԼķ
ô֣걾ǰԼġ



119

ûҵ˺ü׮£Ȼǲ£ȴֻ֪ǰûԵСĪ棬нȻҲʶദȻһҲİûǾϲӺģҲûǹһ϶·ġ
ҲȤ֮ڹȥδĻʲôϸ𣿻˵Ե֣
һ뵽Ե֣Ȼһ仰
֪ʲôʱʲô˵ԳⶫʵǺӵһʺ֪ʲôʱĸùͻһŲȥ
е㱣ĪкңЩӱϲŲġ
ҵͷӦţһٷԵĺܿ죬ȻЩ׷ڰϣֻһգ۵Ĺȫʧһɶﻹе㷹˵ζͺûйԷ£ϸûгֹκζһɾ
ȻһĹֳ˲յ಻յĪ滹ǰһյ裬СһȥƤֻСһȴܱȣ̬䡣
һڲ裬˵㿴Ͳұְֱɡڴѩгô˴ҲйҲһ㲻ǵã
̹׵ҡҡͷӦṦģʱѩ϶û¶ٺۼ⹦ʲôҿɲ֪Ҳס
һЦ²յ˵ð뽫
нģʵһʲô֮ҲûУǼȻɽһͲͨ˼ң˵ֹԷȲ裬ԵڣҲûС
ᰴҵţƬ̣Ȼ΢΢һЦǴˮˡ
ĪС򣬻ͷʣʲô
˵Ҳɽӡ
Īüһʲô
ģȻ̫ҲʵҵͷЦҺͻҲɽģͬˡ
٣Լ֪ȴ֪ô
ĪƲСϴЦ⡣ղЦݻ˵һЩδ֮⺬ȴȫ̹ȻЦˣ߹˵ѽ֪¶Ǹʲôԭ򡣲ȻҲɽˡ
û˵꣬ȻиŮӵ˵ɽģһȺһѣɽĶǣɽӻأʲôϡ档
˵αȴһ͸ĻȻ֮⡣˵ƺɿ⣬ǻ䣬žͱƿˣһɺ˾ӿһۣиŮվſڡ
üƺĪ󣬵ǿڱȴĵĶ࣬һﲻİＸ˶ɨһۣ¶õЦ⣺С͹ף
ҵĹԹԣ
λȥ귽˵ŮȻſھԳ̣
Ȼ ңҲ֪Щפ֮˥ǣⷴҲ̫˰ɣ
Ī߹ȥӹ׽İõʲô
һ
Ī裿
λģЦɫˣƺʯһŮСִ꣬սĪ˵⣬ⶥǽܣôܻĸأ֪λŮֻϺ꣬ǰһĻʵԽܰ
ҵĿ鲻ԽƳȥܲҲŮġֶɣ
ûãֻкһȻƾֶһ裬û˵ʲôʲô
λӱС꣬ڰһķİ£ҶǸӣò̫ãҲò̫ãɸͷ豭ˡ
ӱСòȣȴĥһ⡣ۿĪСĵȻӲСˡǣСأôһŮӣȴиС˭أ
ҾüȤƺеϤС걻ӱ̫̹ӵػϴȦˡ
ĪڳݼѸղŵ˵һ飬ᵽСٵʱ϶ʱɫȻ˵ת飬һʣǶȻĻΣΪǳ֮ԷӲʧ˾ǻˣ벻ðˡȻҲ£һʲôˣӿԶ컯ֻ̡
ĿϣλɽӣǴðأôת



120

ʵĺܺãֻҲܻش
ǽ˵ȥһŪġ²ȰѶԲתǱûȴҲû˵쵽תָηЧá
Īһ⣺ôڲô
ûý˵Ӻȳ㶮ʲôӿжãʱãôãĶѵֱ̣°Ӹ
Ī湾һǵģǲû˸߹Щ顣ӵҽҲͷһ˵
̾˿ǵҲԹ㣬ӵЩѾǺ֮
ǰ飬û˵ġ
̧ͷ˵ˣΪ¶ۡɫ磬¿Ъһɣӡ  ׵һ£Ƶҵǰɡ
ҡҡͷȻõϣô˭Ŷһҿˣǰƣܾһ¶ʲôϧġ
΢΢һЦҲܰ׳顣ҲãҲȴȽʲôõǰæ뾡ܿڲؿ
˵ҵͼʲôرȴһϵ˭˵׼ΪʲôԼҲ˵ˣǸû˵סŵܹõϵʱ
첻ˣҶЩ˯˰ɡ˵ӻסϱɣϴס֮ûбסġ˾סݣ˵
ӻֻ˸ңһʱ˵ɡ
СĿҲյĺȣӲȴҲʰ쳣ˬ¡ѩûͣѩڴֽ졣
̫ˣɱ⡣
˵Ѿܺˡ
һЦתȥź
һҲûۣȫһ;ᱳʵ۵ĺˣۣҲ۵
ﻹһˮˮͭˮϴȴˮӳԼ
ҵĵһӦǣ˳治ȻҰ
ǳ
ôӦòӦͦͨһ಻ۡ
ˣĹ¶ˣҲ㲻֡ϴϴ˽ţɵϳһ
Ѭ㣬ͦĵġ˷ѩĶˣ˾Īƽ͡
ж¶벻ͨҲȥ룬ЪţȻûùԺĺȻñֱִ򲻳ȥӣֻûűӣȴһ£ȵĻᶯһ۾ֻ׵СſߣëСβɨɨȥһ˫۾Բģ˵鶯ɰרעؿҡ
⣬ȴе㻶ϲСһôˣ
ߴߴĽβҡҡ
ҵˣ˵˻ģҿ
СһСͶԲԣ
ͷ
㲻ͨСɣĪ˵ģ
ֵ˵ͷ
ҽأϢָɦŪ°ͣһѽ;úǿģԵְɡ
Сߴߴƺͬ˵Ļ
֣ҵϣһСţһ뵽մѣʵԽܡ
תʲôǲģôģǻġСôɰʲôҲӦõġ
ôʱСĶ£ʪ΢е
Ц˵ٺ٣ˡ
ǿû˨ھϣҴ档óˣݵǰСͣÿÿ
չͷñǼⶥ˶ţ
ϲɣЦʡ
ûͷҲûСԴٿһǰһתѾӰ
£Сֱӹƴʲô
ͻȻӦСתˣ
⣬Ǻã
С˰ڰѶȥˣΰεϲȵһӵ˸Ľų죬СԵĹĳһ飬ֱŲƺ͵ĺܡ
һ˵ȥһŷͬСɣ¸žͼˣ˰



121

ѩƬ׷׵ĴϣȴȻûּݵһӿˣĪֻŵŽžͱ˳ϱﴰҲһ

Īͷʣôˣ
Сת飡
Īɫһ䣬һҾȥŽҲˡǶûңһȥˡվſߣһһ⣬ãŵױؿȴ۹̵ģֻ˵ĽܣһŻԾżҪ˼ը
СͣСͣ
ҪʲộǿǺã
ⶼҴ⣬תűȥһһ....Һ
ұΪ˾ģմѻû֣ǰȴҺˡ
.....ô
Ϊʲôˣҡ
ҡ
պһؿڣǣʲôҵǣʹһ....
ѩƬԽԽëһ׷ҵĵϣЩҷ£һһ׮׮Һպͳʶཻɽʦ...Уʦ֣Ī桭ЩˣЩ£Щϲ޳Ϸ....
ôģֻǵպͱҴһȻȻ˶ӰҶ֪ʦ˵Ѿȴĵװϣ
һصšת飬Ϊʦ֡
ڣ
Ժպ;ȻֻС꣡ңǻص˴ǰʦʹʲôͨȻʱ⵹תǣ˻ʱӵԴ
ıʼңҵģҲֻʦ֣ʦȻҲе㱾£ֻܹУܹóתıʦȴ첻
ֻľΪ
޹ʣ࿴֮ʱܲ˳ۣôҪң
ƺҲ롣
Ϊʦ֡
Ϊ......ʦ.....
Ｋܣȴ˵
ʦֺľ£֪ǲԸġ
ʦڸյĸԣԸʲôҲǿġȴȴ
ҾĽӽһΣյܣͺبǰԶ֮ңң
ˣҲˣȴǰһ
ҡûȥе
˵ƣһڻպͰת˽ȥֻ²Ǹǻа취Ǹ³ô
һַſֻＱҪϽȥһȴȥΧſߣպʲôҿҲһ
󱻽ţںڣֻһجġ
պͣպ͡ΪʲôΪЩʲôȴˣΪʲôֻܸһһεΣ˺
Ҫһ.....ľͣҲͺһȥţһˣҲһ
Ȼһͷȥˮ
æӦһԺһˮ֪߰ͰͶȥȻѩأˮû϶ҳųˮͰˮҪٱĪӹȥˮͰȻһ
ǰ
ǰһƬ̲ŷӦ.....ұͷˣ
ҲܹţҪʩùţҲܼôҺְﲻæҲΪҲת鱻պ͸ȥĪеԹ⡭
һ֪ôˡȻһͰݳĪ̵˵Ҫ
ҼæӹͰȥˮڶͰˮֱһתһкȻˮһǰΣΪԼǵˮٿʱﻹʲôѩԺﻹŵƵСݣվһƬҰ֮Уݼ
ĹããȴһֻˮͰͰﻹдͰˮ
Ҵ͵ţ֪һƬҰǸղһƬɽֹȡ·ղŵѩҹƺֻҵһΡ
ǰߣûͼһǸ¹꣬ЩŢ۳޵ӡʮվڵϷ֪ʲôطҲ֪ĸߡ

Ѿ.....ô
ʱһˣ
պ....ںηһصȥʲôҲûüת飬֪ôأ....٣ƽô


122

ɣʴ˵ʲôڣ
ǱһС߻عͷͷ
һ죬Ŀôҵϣĵؿ
촽˼£Ŀ䣬Ҵͷ˽ţִӵϿͷȻһɣϵĲڵϣͨһҹ󽫾
ҵһĪʲô
ôԵ޹Ҫɱ
ɣ㡭
󽫾ֻʵûð취˵û취ѽ󽫾ң´Ҳ....޵ıһһѣСҸǰƣߣԺٲˣٲ....
ûӦʱתܣٶǽһ㲻һѾ͵ˡ
ôˣΪʲôҵʻôһ
ʲôطܰų
ӦûմʲôŢŶ԰һ·õṦΪطʵ̫࣬ûЬӡ
ҵͷҵĽûմʲô࣬ɾеͷ
ΪŰߵİɣҿɲʲôɽ֡
Ǵ󽫾ǴĶ˵𰡣
ȥķŶ棬̫ԽԽߡ
̧ڶǰԶԶģ̫ĵطиС䡣
Ҳ֪ʲôطҵȸԼ˫Ь
ٱ˵ʲôħ֣ûֱӴӴ·ȥƵȥ˴塣һ˼Űţûˣȥ˫ЬӿЬڹӶϣոµû˴Ьɵĺܺʵžϸܣɫ˫Ь֪ʲ
ôģ˭ġõʱܲһԳ
£ȴһǮҲûС
Ь΢еʱӲ˦°Ь˦ȥ
ӹģ෿ᶼưʧ޵ģֻȼһЩǾһһ
ҴŴе·ǰߡ˴ӲԶϷȻһƬڡ
ãȻͣ½ţ֪ĸȥ
ǣ̫֪࣬óĸ
պأ
ʦĶɽĸ
Ҷ֪
紵һƬĵأĳɳɳ죬·˵ʲô
·˾һعͷȴʲô
߼ڵԵĲ￴һʯ٣̵֡
ˮ
ˮ
ĵǣˮʲôطأǵøϿ˴·ҪɽȥպһɽϵǰĪ棬ӣƺ
ɽնϵ˿˿ϵպһһᣡ
ҶѽµЬӰȻǰһеӰȻҵϡ
ﰵôߵҸǰȴһҲû
̧ͷվǰ˱΢΢ۣһʱûʲôģ
Ķģ˵
һվƽӡӱһһЩ޳ͦٷ硣üÿüۣ촽ԱòŮĸҲ֡
ˡƺЩ졣
Ҿúֻһʱ벻
ǹЦЦһ䣺ιưˣ
һع񣺡ʧˣڴ˵ʧ˷ʡĳǹһʲôߣ
Ȼվ֮£Ӷѩһ㣬һѪɫӨ׼˾Щʵеļ¡е˲̫Ķ˵ֻ......ƺһصģ˾ùǷ췢
˵ģӦݳˡָһָҵ󷽣䱻紵Ʈҡڶһ縷˿ϣ̬ˣһֱߣСվ͵ˡ
ݣûãﾭһΣϤ
ұȭ˵л档
ǵÿ˵ɲ󱾵ˣĶģ
˺ܲԾ......
ҿһԵڡѵǽʬ֣̫ͷʬֹĸҳ
˵Ҵ粻񱾵ˣ⵹ǵġϻżۣҲҲպͼﻻϵĵ˯µѣǰ˵İէһͦ....
ȵȣҺȻղڴͷ߶ҿͷ¹򣬿ڳƴ󽫾ʶֻܲϴˡѵҵǰˣ
̽ʣλ̨λ....
Ц۾ͬ£ˮǰ˶ҽ
ѾǸΪܲµó
һˣ
һЩɽӵȻҪħǣǰֻ֪ǽʬǹֵļһȻվ̫£˵ĵһҲ
֡Ҳû¶һոոʹ·ҪֵĻ
ֻе㲻˼Ҳʦ
棬ʲô񰡣ѵеħô
˵£еΣﰵ裬ѽҲûУʲôħ
Цַ⣬ڽһĿƵѤãǰһƺ
ͻȻںδˣ
Һպ͸ɽ֮󲻾ãһһӵ˾ЩӵԺǰ˵˼仰ǻ̫ҲܺãһƬҫӨȻЦ....
һ뵽ĽŸжʱȥ˼֡ɽʶţǸ֮࣬ɱ顣
ʱüʦֵܶŪеķգǰһңԶģ
λӣ˵ˣǼġ
Ŷ¶һɻ顣
ϹɽɣɽϼһΣǻǸССĲӣһȺվһûעңȴǵӡ
ȻԭɽģĿһҲһΪĸͬнȵҵء
еƣҳôݲŴͷаļһ˵ͬࣿ
ҾͲظˡ´ңһǾһҲɽӰ....Уı£
ҪƴǣָתһбͻȻһץסС
ЦҲһжɡ
ҪҵĹˡҲǣͻȻð˵ʶɵӣġ
˸˵ôָ㡣



123

ʽȻ
һЦÿƮƮĿʲôŵǺ·Ϊῴ֤ԲһĴ·ҪǲϷʲô
Ͳ˵ˣӾˣвϷɣҷɵľ·졣
һʼûϴЦһͲҪ򡣼йҳһӣȥһƮָҽм䵯һǣ
ҽϱҲֻһ֮µ˿ȥȴҲ
һãǰӨƮƮһֻʧɫھĵ
кߺ͡
һЦ
һ죬ֻǰһһϸĽĴӹȥޱߵһͷķ˿
¡
Ľò죬·׽ŽǴߣƫƫ˸ǰһ̵ʱǳ·ȥҵĽҪȥ
ǽֱˣҺһΣ֧空ò

϶ðˣȻƶ΢΢Ц˵һɽҲŵϺˡ
˵ЦЦʵѧĲãʦš
㲻òҪҲ򲻹ô¿ɶˡ˵ԵҼɣҲþûɽȥˡ
Ҳ֪·˵һءһˮϣġ
˲ˡЦ껹еأɡ
û˵ˣô˵仰ĹѾˣϵѸٱˮʪҾϽȥպͣҲϲĴҲ·
ҳǴдгݼȥҾ֮ŷֳС·ֻǲ߽ȴҲĺܷ裬û˵ϥߡߵĺܿ죬ǽŲմأƮƮǰ·ҽϡ
ߵһ棬͸ǰƺзᡣ˵ӸڷصǺܱĲá
ҲſʲôݡĹڣʯʯĹǽĹ࣬ɵһĹ
ͷһЦͻȻϾȻһ
δʪҪʪֻᴹģỹڷƮҡ
ıǣ....
ɡ
ĹǽȥӲͷƤҲˡ
ĹǽȻʯĹţһ˫ҿֻ뿴Ĺ֪ǰ˭Ȼ˵ɽǱϾûһ㲻죬㲻
ʶ
ʯƵʮһζҲûС˵ĹҲûĹҲûô˫ģͷһ⡣ĥⲻ֪ǹ
һôһңǰ϶ǸƽĽɫҲض
Ȩ
Ĺ޵Ǵֱʣ·ࡣ˴·һתһתģȻż·ǵҳһţʲôҲǲסȻͣƿһʯţ
ˡ
źžҪʱͻȻһ˵ˣ˰ɣ
ҲһŲȷҵСҪ̫⡣û뵽ĹȻڡ
ǺǣλСѻ͡
ʯųȻʣиµƽȣ֥Ҫ˵ѻ˾ɣü
Ц㣬²Ⱦ㷲
ˣʲôţҽͻȻʵ⡣
Ҳûʲô
ۿӦñҾãסһĹͷĶϹһֻʵ˵ҽ̶λա
΢һЦÿԪǣǺɽҲʱԨԴǵڼӣ
Ҵ𣺡ǵڶʮ˴ӣʦպء
ǣԭǵͷ֪ʺϵʿ徻Ϊĸְͷٺʲˡ˵ʲôԪһۣһת˻⣺Ԫ࣬ҼѸɣʪˡ
Ԫ˵ǣֻ˵ˡλС

ǰߣﾹȻĹѨͦǴ˼ҵլԺͷҲ͸룬࣬ддϲˡ
˼䷿˼͸Ѹң΢Ц˵ûûȻϰɡ
æл˹תȥ˳Һ˷ţƮݣ߷ţַ



124

£Ҫ԰һЩҴȴʡͦ˵˿ǶУ֮ȻϺϡ
²ﵢ飬˵ȫ֪Ϊá
⸱״Ĺйӳһ㣬ɡ¶еģһӦû⡣
߳¶ʯשһƬĹң
أֻһתô˶Ӱ
ϸĽŲ죬һԲͷ̣ڵķˣһ
λáǸһ̧ͷңס˿ڣһ̵ڵ£ϡﻩ顣⻹ˣȴкЩϣ
һæְʵû°ɣ
ңȻһһͷһ£磡
ˡ
⣬ǴĶ˵𰡣
ֲ֪Ҫڣһ̧ͷһԪһԴ߹ߵҲ⣬ͣס˽š
Ҹˡ׶϶ҵģ״һ£
Сʯͷ˿˿ڣţҲóɻ󣺡ǡôһ£
Բͷ̧ͷһı۾ճţ뵽һǲҲմš˵Ļȴѵ顣
Ԫ˵ӹӣҵҸˣҺ˵ģѾʧɢ˺þúþõĸ簡
ҸˣԪҲ£Ͼ⣬˿Ҫ侲ĶˣСʯͷô.....Ǹͨ˰㲻ͬġ
ǸСʯͷ׶ͷԣҲϴģԼ˭ҲϲҸ磬ͬһʯ̳ģ̳
ʣĽϣ˷飡ӣҺһҸ£㻹ǵðɣҳĩճɻңҺҸ֮ҲиӦġ
УиӦûӦ
λСֵܣϴ...ͼ͡
ĸ磡֮䣺϶תˡˣǵıԭǻƾʯʯ˵
ҲԲģᣬıһҪʵӦûϲģҿԸӦ㻹ڡ....Ϊʲôתأ
ұ㻹ƣСĪܳĪ˵ҵܡҴСǹ¶ҿȷԼǸˣͨˣֻɽʦ֪ϻһءҾǸְ
㲻Ҫ֣ǵǰҲ֡˵ı岻ҲӦң٣ӱÿǰҺ͸޳ʲôأǻһ˵öΡûɣѾֿˡұʦУҲͲ֪ˡСʯͷҵǰҹϵѽӦҲԻǰļġ
ɷ֣صһҵͷϡûȳӿǺȻǰһڣ̱˵¡
ҲûȥֻǣǰܺڣҲûʲôо
ȻĿԸо˫ϣǵģܸоԼ
廹Ǻ񲻴һ
ţȻһʹҿһƬҫ۵İ׹⣬ʲôҲ׹ȥҿǰиĿӣһѾСڲ
ͣĿʲô
ȻҸоԼ˲
Ŀ̵֮ʯʯм׷׶¡һֻСűߴת̨ơ
ѱ֡˰СϿСʯĽš
ꡭСꡭ

ģף˽Ҵʯͷп˳
嶼ˣʣʯϿ̳һ飬Сӣһ߿ҡ
ܸ㣬Ҫȥ˵ġЦ˳ֹҵϣҲͬһֵܰɡ
ǰҲµΪиܵܡ
֪ʲôԵʣС鶼ʶ˵Ȼ֪ԷЩʲô
Ǹ磬ǵܵܡΪұϡ
һֱһ𣬿һ죬ǸӲˣܵҲˡ
ȻСҲûӰ
ʱ⣬һʼչµţںڰ档
ֱ
һ죬ҺȻԼԶֽſ̧ͷת
ѧ·̧ͷתͷգۡ
һˡ
һ꣬òЩǸҴӡ
ҲΪ̫ʱ⣬ѾǲʱһУЩֻΣҲʲôҲ֪ʲôҲӵй
˵.....
ңУ
飡
Ȼۣ
Сʯͷұֱ磡ˣûУСʯͷ
Ǵʯͷ
ǵģҲ˵֡
ҵǸȡġ
ң
ұۣˮһӿǵصģ棬ĹıңҾģ׷ģҸܵģģ
飬ʦ֣
ҾؿǵҪըѿˣ۵ĽֿסشһҲ˵


125

磡磡㲻Ҫôﲻ׵СʯͷһֱҲһ䣬ô
һֻҵϣƬԪ˵ҪģֻէȻ䱻ùඥ֮ǿͼ䣬һʱѪӿǴ󰭡һ䣺ôô³çɽӣϰڹؿ˾ֻǸͨˣһӾҪˡ
Сʯͷʮְգң̫ļһ㰡ҺòҸ磬ȴʶˡ
ǺǣҼˡСһʲô棬޲һҹȥڶϾһ飬ࡣЩƵҶƵĻ棬һƬһƬӡһ˵Ӱ
ǧʱ⣬˼޳
˶¶µʶһֱҵķ롣
ĶԺȴɽ£棬˪ԡ
ôҲû뵽խļǽ䣬ԣͬôҲ˴ǻ˴ߣͣ˵
ʱ֣ƺ˵ʲô벻˵Ҳûʲôֱ
н޳˭ôģ˴ʱ޷ֱֻ
£һ죬һꡣ
ʼһ仰Ҳû˵УҴǽǣʯ졣
ЩʱҼǵõֻ޾ĬȻ죬޳ָ
ֱƵһա
˵ߣһߡ
û˵
ʵҾһʯͷʵɱǾ֮Ҳ
һʯͷﲻһ⣬û
߰
Ҳߣ˵߰ɣҵȫţȥɡ
ҵĶ˹ȥ
£ҾͲ֪ˡ
ǣȴϡ
ҲϹҵǿʯ
˭ϣ붼롣ֻǣҸʱûпֵġ̵֣ʣȻֻһܽȥ
ҲĺͿôãȴûֵıʼʦֵıʼһģһ±īҲһֻŻ󽣷ȭһ·ȭ¶ǣŽҲȣû̵֣ġ
תˣһ壿
Ҳ֪
öˮδϣۣСʯͷԲԲԴʲôԲͷԲԲҲԲ
磡磡û°ɣҵĨϵ᣺ңҲģǧ¡
û¡û¡
һͷһСʯͷ
̧ͷԪ۾΢΢һ£Ȼ󻺻˵ϲλֵطꡣ
վСʯͷһﲻ˵лԪ׵ܡ
ôЩҡԪ˵㿴ʲˡ
ҿЦȻġʮ꣬ǧ꣬Ķһࡣ
һ£ͷ˵..ʱҲã˻ԽãԽ٣
ûʲôϲûֵöݵ桭
ι⻰˵Ŀɲȫԡǻһƣһ߹ҿɾûűһ飬˭Ҳûʬڵ£
ζ֪ŵӣһǧһҲֻӶݡ
Ԫ΢΢һЦ˵һֵϧĶȻࡣԸһ..
ǽ˵ײ롣
һЦһ񵭴ݵӣ˸пۡ
СʯͷǵҲãҲãһֻҪ֮顣ǵ⣺ֵֻ˵ֻ𣬿շеǣöûϵġ
ﶨһȴһ⣺Ǻºʱˡ
Ԫ𣺡ƽͨ³
һ£³
³ҼǵҺʦ..ϰ߽ʦ֣ȥ置պ͵ʱ
µ³飬³ûУӡЩģҪӦҲ顣
ôʱһһģֵ³ˡ
˵պúõػţǻûȥħô.....
ڣʲô
ûа׼Ҳ벻ô⸱棬һʱСʯͷƴ߶߶ģҶѹһҲûס



126

Сʯͷʣ磬ȥ
˵ȥһҪ顣
ȥպ͵תһصЩûз֮ǰȻҪ
Ŷһ⺢ȻⳤǻۣǺر˳
ҴԪʱΡ޵ģԪ
֡治ɫĺǺǰɽ¶ˮļһﾹȻһʬʵ˾дʫô˵ţ˽ܣΪۡĹ᳹仰͵į
˵ģ֮ǰǡ
ֻǣģˡ
ЩСʯͷҵļܶݼ򵥣飬Ϊǿʯ˷Ҳġ
ͬʱ»кܶ࣬
պ͵ĸס
Ī棬պ͵֮
˵Щ֣һպͣӣ槼Ĺϵ֮ѪԴԨԴҲһˡֻǡ
ֻӸҡ
磬㷨ǿ
ҵͷ
ôģ
ҵܵܣСʯͷĿǰ״̬һҵϣ⺢ӵĻࡣ
룬룬룺

̫ҵܵܿʼˡ
ţһʵ
֮սҲǷħ֮սǲ⣬ħǹѺ
Ҿú֣еħ֣ڣеĹΣʲôۼҲûһЩǻŵסҲãֻ⡣Ƕ˵󷨾ģжȫɺľѹե
ȴûĸоʼհѽʯҾú̹ڡΪϾҲʯƵģһҲеʯͷô˵أȷҾԼһóɭǳȫڣһҲûзٵţ෴ҾԼķԽԽ棬ԽԽǿ֮ͿݺԼףȴĻָҲֹǻָ
ֻʱҲЩججģһӡǺʵǻˮ
ѡ䣬Լһ
ĬĬĸһˮ֮ĵطͣ
ǲ˵ûнߡ

Ҿһֱû׹ʲôҪʲô
ʼ׷
ͣȻҲͣ
Ǿƺֹĵطԡ
ΪǾһ
ĽƺҲ
ˡ
ᴣԶȻˣ˾ûƵǣ˰ˡ

һŪϾЩ˲֪δݻ᲻ƵĽҺδлأδаδСĽû˱
˵о׻˵ĺãշҹѷ
⻰Ȼ˵㣬ǻס
ɲô
Һһμ棬ԼĲĸйʱҾ֪˹ݡԱ˺ݲ㱾£ԼҲôݵˣѰ
ôݾһˣȴôºʹݵ΢Цֹ
ģҲ̫
Īһָоû취˵
˵Ե֡
ЩһúܻңԲɴ಻ȥ롣
ûѴ֮͸Ŀꡭ
ĿԼ
ɵ㶵ǵһֻʬ֣еˣ˧İѽ
Լɣ
ҲܽͣΪʲôͬһʱͬһطԼתʵڿסĺܡ
Ҳ֪ڵңǰңʲô£
ԣǱ伣ȿ˵
Сʯͷˡ
ʣ磬˭
Ҳ磬Ȼϲ
Ƿƿɳ¡ҲƣҲƣһ޿ȡ֮
Ҳ֪˵ʲôܵܡ
ȻҵòڲͬҵȷǸé®ĲҲô̱ɡұͲǸڸٵ˾ǰԼھ͸ûͷˡԼܵôɱ̡ҵҲˡ
Ҳ֪ô͵ܵܽͬʱҵΡԼֲףôף⺢ӿɰɰԴʵ̫һЩһװĶǶ
Ȼһ죬ˡҵǰǸҡ
ܵܵǣǸпͷȻֲһ䣺ʺͽԪеΡ
ǣء



127

ΣǱϢԶԶ׺˵ĺ档ԼԼıӰоְ
ûо֮ĶһҲܿԼıӰġ˵һ˶ԼӦúϤǲģǰˣҵȻϤģԵˣԼӰȴúİ
Сߴߴ;һж֮ƺٳţʲôеȤζʮ㡣һ¹֮ԼѾ߹һε·־һΣһ־ãȻ·ҸһΣʲôͬ
ʵʵҲΣֻһֱεĺǵģ²֪˭Ҳ²͸
Ҿôţš֮иȷĿ꣬ҲպҶ
˭˭˭˭ǡЩȥȻҪǱȲҪ
־еץͷģӦ˵ǺеŤ
ʲôҵģֻһ
ǵһ棬һֱ֮
һֱûб
ɽʱСңųԵġ
Ҳ֪Լʲôʱˣܵʣ磬Цʲô
ûʲô
顭
顭
Ҳ֪ô˵Ҳ֪ô
ңҺദʱУˣҲҡ
ܹΪˣʼٸӦ
ΪʲôҪأ
壬ǳǸ֮ģ
磬ʲô
ĺϲ⣬ͷʹ
ȴ࣬˾ãҲǹµһˡ
ǰ˸·Ҿĸں档
ǰȻͬ·ȴǸ¡ԼʱԼܾӦҪһڿʲôȻҲżѰġ£ȴ˵Ǻͬ·һȥպ͡ԵģĬ飬жȹ£һ仰Ҳ˵ֻܹĵطʼմڡ
ǰСޣҼǵһоյģССһֻȻһҹûʲôҪ飬ҪǡСҪȾƣŪЩþһ룬Ҳ˼Ǻܺõľƣ˳
磬ΪʲôҪ˰㵽Ҫʲô飿Ҫһѣҳܰ쵽أαôţֲʲôˡ
ֻЦЦͷû˵
Сֻﲻףȴ֪ʵһסֻǿز¶
ˣɫҪ𣿡
СʯͷĹҴǰƣվ»
˵ȻҿҪŬ͸ֿô꣬ҵĽֻôһ㣬̫ˣ
ʵⲻҵķ󲿷ģԼġ
ԷҲûмĸоСʯͷƣеȻԼȥˡһ뵽Ԫ˵ԽãȤԽ١
˵ûд
ƺĳﵹơһȴֲˡ
ɽϵҹ룬飬ʱңӦѾѰ쾪뿪ũȥ˲ԶɽǶ˺
ֻС˳ɺĪ滹պϵôҪ˵Ī֪֮ԼΧ˵Σǲܵġ
ǵ˵峤ڸеռΪ
ҿЦʵ̫һЩϿûʲô֪
ҰѾƱ£߳Ǽݡ
СʯͷӦþ⸽ȴܸоڡ
Сӣղ˵̫ƣڵķ򡭡϶͵͵ȥҺȥˡ
ҵİΣСô˼Ҳǰ׹ģȻʱֱһ㣬Σʱֻͷ졣ҵǵȥ棬ǳҵ¡
ֻᱻŪ˱仯ʲôɿƵĲ·ǿ̾
ȥСһﾾ
һ·ҵȻǵáûʲôı䣬ɽһֱ׷ȥͿԡܸоСʯͷԽԽ泯߶ˣƤӡʱķˣȴûô
𴦲ͬǵķɫû·Сʯͷſһ
֪ʲôȥһѾס˵ϲúϹʲôţ
һͷ¶Ƥε飺磬㡭ôˣ
㣡Ŷһ£ʯͷò
ǸıߣƵƵͷ
㿴ʲôģ
ҲعͷȥСʯͷղŴҶķ϶һֱһ
ֻһۣ׽ٻһ


128

վԭСʯͷһѣѹĵ͵͵ģЦ˵Ҿ˵ʥ˻˵ʳɫҲͻûϰɡԭҲǡ
ʶһֵ̧ϣСʯͷʱʯͷһ㣬ڲԣܶ
ⲻġ
һֻһƵξɣ
ĵи˵ΣһʵķһҲǵ𣿡
ҼǵõģһҹǳĴΡ
ΪֻһΡ
ҿԼ֣֪ԼΪʲô˲㯶ҡ
棬һĻҾԼĴĻƶࡣ
ҵĴϢѹֵ彻Ħּĳݱ紵졭
Ϊʲô
ҷ֣ƽƽǰ˳ȥ絯ֱˡȥԼԭѾǴȻһҲԱܲǶʧȥʶ߹ȥԼȼֱҪʹ
˽ţһ
ҿԼȥݣֻù졣
Ŀ䵽ʱֻá㯡
ҰֱۻƿһɢѸס壬ֽᱧȴûʲôɾĵطܰ¡
СʯͷҵĶС߹ȹ۲ҵɫȻ̽ʣ硭㣬ϲ𣿡
ϲ
Ҵ
ϲֻϲűģġ
СʯͷܻҶûһձȽ°ɡ
ҸСĽձϡСʯͷתתȥҵˮһ
ĲɵһСʯͷתͳܿˡ
˫ĿգĿҹɫԵ㲶԰ס
ҵָȥָ⿰ҪĴǣԥţ˻
һֱΪǹˡ
ɽǰֲֻᣬȴҴհͨʦֶʦĺ
ûУûеġ
Ϊʲôãǰ룬Եֵġ
ǵģԵ֣ǰԵ
ǰһԸִŲڡ
ֻǣΪһжѾ޷ˣҵԸߵĸԶɵĸߵʱȴȻУ飬ʹǰһֺʹǰһжȹôʱ⡣
ƺֿվǰ˵
ҽ顣
òã
¹һ˵⣬Ƕô˾ɥεһ¡
˯һ
ҼǵãǰҹҾ˯գоֻۣԸһֱһֱģһֱϡ
˷ݡ
˯ԣһжѾıˡ
Ҳǹȥң಻ǹȥ

Ǹʱܹңô
ǣû
ûаң
ǣֻǶҸеǸΣ
⣬մһҲס
硭СʯͷеģһֻҶˮչҶװ峺Ȫˮˮˡ
ҽ˹߰ɣҵһȾͻȥ
ûҵĻ˵ߵһȥһԲѵ˴ϡ֮ŲҸǰ˵ʲôסû˵תһӨƵĹ⣬֮вӰ
Ҵϸµ壬һΪá
òǰʱûд䡣תˣȴûСһֱɽôһûɽû֪ںδҲ֪߸Ե·
᲻ɿĹһҲͷأҲһɽˣҲǳϡʵĵУЩ練ơ
Ȼǻˡ
ҹʪ΢Ұѳϡ΢΢̧ͷҵϥϡ
ҵ˼ң޷νӣһһ㣬ֻǻһʲôҲ룬ֻǴע
ּɢȥĽëȻһ¡
ҪôվİӰ֮С۹ȴȻ޷ƿ
۾ôһƬˮ棬ֻǣƽ˾նˡûͼȥŪղžôһ£Ҳû׷ǲǻʲôˡ
ҿǰԼԵ뿪



129

ڴǰСʯͷرɣһķϻû˵ֻʣ磬Ҳ·ɣ¾Ҫ·ٲ׷Ҫ׷ˡ
תͷ˵Ҫ֪Ҫȥ׷ġ
ҹһ£ûпܸıǵг̣
ġ
ҹɫҵ龰һֱһֱǰôҲӲȥѡ
Ҳ֪ԭȻ
Ϊ̵ãҹһΣ޺ۼ
ǡȻ
ôϣȫסңƿҡΪʲôҪССĺ̶˵΢ַһ⡭
ѡһ֣ȴڹ֪顣
һԼԼĸ֣֮
ȴٽһȥࡣ
ԸҹһĻҵĻþڵҲǺ̶Ļþ
磬߰ɣ
վеãȻĵͷá
ûϵĴ̫Ѿۣӭ̧ͷ΢΢ЩѣΡ
ΪԼʮԼ·ߣȴĺȻãһֱΪǵ飬ܿǴģƫȫġ
·Ѿ߹һΣдĳãȻңҲûнǵĺ棬ѾǰͷǵһɺӺСĪ档ҵ˺ӱʱͣƽĺ棬˿
磬̫Ծ
ȥǵġǲ̫ƽ
ԾԾԣȥưɣóʱûǣҵֶˣ
˵ҲȥȥĻԼȥɣֳʲô󶯾
ڶɺӵȻҪҶɴҴСʯͷں㼸㣬Ծ˶԰
磬ȥ
ǵõġ
֪ĴӦһһ̶ƵܿˡһƵĹǺһܳ鿪¶Ŀ
ȴǱһţͷ
̫ûɽҼǵϴζɺʱѾǰǻҪһ²ܵ
ˮףҿſյĶɿڣӶ԰һڶɵˣû˹ӣڷϣŸ׽㡣
ˮ٣ϴŲ·Ϳó
ʱȴúĽ
վںȥȥߵǱߣǱ˰Ҳ㡣
Σǰ;Σȥ룬ճϢġ
ͷȻһ죬ԶԶС
СʯͷǲģҲֽʬµľǽʬʬʵʬʯͷʩʬңҲûаô
̫Ӷ԰ӳӰӯƮݵǸ顭һǴǰҡ
ڵԼŴǰԼоȴʮİ¶ãȻԼʲôȫ֪޾˵Ҳһ֪
Ҫɺӹˣ̫ҲҪȥ
һͷһӽС档
СʯͷЦʮͣøôǼֻɵͷɵԵĽʬ֡ʬŲζҲںηˣŪתҾһĶ䣺̫ˡ
ûĽʬ࣬˶㵽ˣʬŵζȴû취ȥסҵĲӣȵ˵ˣ
ˣˡ
תһת⻹ģ١
һ£Сʯͷ֪
黺˹ֻʬŵζ׷׳Χ˹ȥ
һ֪⼸ֻʬκβȴ̲סЩǡ
鲦鳽ǣֻʬһ¶û׷׵أľһ˵ƽʱȻڲʵģһֽƮݣɴƯ
һֻӽʬϷڿмӶ·ɽ˾Сһ۽ҲӾȥ
Сʯͷ̽ͷȥţҲˡɲǺöЩʬҲűġЩ˵صĶ˳Ǵӱ𴦱Ϲġ
һֻʬλƵĴӽֽ˹ɢŵĶ
ֶᡭ
ǺȻһͣ˿ڣͷϿ
һӰͷӹǵ磬ֻһۼѾ˹ȥԦķɽ״ϳһĽ⣬еӨӨģڰҹʮ㡣
Сʯͷϸϸ˵ѽ
ʣϵã
ţĪҺʶأʱ򣬡ĽŽԪأϧԵ޷ݡԪӲźǹһġ
⣬ҵǵһ˵
ǺЩǰˣһңӣһΪ˳ҡСʯͷһ֣صһһԲʯֻĽʬǽʬһȴãȻ֪ϮԺη
Сʯͷ˲ٺ˵Ϲȥһǽʬ䣬ߵһбһԣһŷɳͷ
վ￴ţʵڲ֪˵Ǹøֽкã⺢ǡ
ҿǽʬȭľ׮򣬶ζԽԽŨ̲סԹ湻ûУˡ
֪չȭţѾĲģĽʬӽ˳㽫ղʰǼҲͶȥ
֡̽ͷ¿һ⾮ˮܳô
Ͽ϶ҲֹһھġЦչչǣþûôˣ
ҲתĿɽ´С
ĪѾ˹ȥңǺܿͻᵽ
ҺȻһ顣
ǵʱϣھ߿տҲֻнļˮ
ղŰЩʬСʯͷ硭
ԭ˴ʱЩʬǱ˭¾أ
ѵʱﻹʲôˣֻʱԼȥģ
벻ףʮֹѲ⡣
ˣ˺ܿͻߡ
Сʯͷһһץҵ֣ûޱߵҹɫ֮С


130

һǵպͱС꣬ǳʱҧһڡ
˺ڻҵϣһҧĿʵᡣ
ʱҺԻ󣬲֪ﲻԾֻҲ֪ʱԼʲôطŭ
ȴ֪ˡ
ԶԶվţԿűŭСдܳһɫ硣
ȻҿԼִ׷ãȻվ
Сȥҿˣһȥ
ڵĹҡ
ǰ泷㣬ܵü죬Ҹŭ·һǰܵྣû·ͣһ˲ȻȥչֻɫĹӰһ£ǰѾɫС꣬һͷںҷպ͡
պ͡
Ƶʹģһεεͷѹʹһĵš
ҲһҲ
ִһ
ҿأұʱѾûϢ
ǡȴּ
ץסؿڵһطԼڳʹ
ڿץһ̱ޣһ죬ֻǺݺݵһһ޳ǰ·ľžžһһǳҵ֦Ҷҷ衣һ죬񣬺Ҫȫʹһ
վ֪֪ġ
СıҺһ飬һʱεȻϲһתų˲ԣŭ
ⲻ
ԼһȦݺۣãоЩʹ
պǰƴķйƵĻűӣһȦľˣͷҲ˲ٲ֦ҶıһһԵϣ
ֻܳճյؿ
ΪҸ̫࣬Ϊȴ̫١
ǰڣ
Ҷ
ҵĽؿʱһ۵ɣ
ʱʲôôǲǺܣ
õһεĻᣬһһҪ
﷢һдǣֻģģҲ϶ҡպһ˵̱ȴֻԽ̱ԽãֻҪƽͣٺԼȥ
վ½󣬰ϵҲҶһ·ߡסϢ·͸ҵ֮Ĵ߲Ĳ㵥ͷҵڼϱϡֻĴʹȥһ
΢΢ԥһ£Ѿ˹ȥ
վԭؿȥ֪Ѿ侲ʲô嶯飬΢΢¡СʯͷҼðͷ磬ʶô
ϵá
ֹϵð
Сʯͷ°ͣţ˲ͦϲġҪܵӱӴݴȴȥǸʣ¹֡Ǹʲôã
һʱ
СʯͷȽϴĴ⣬϶Ա߾ûȥԵˡһ£ͻᷢһֱҲҡֻж飬ԣҲѹûġ

뵽һʮѣֻһ뵽ҳһ飬ͷ
˵ǷңȴáҿǷ
еǷǶԴôһ仰仰˵壿
ҺСʯͷɽεȡ֮һΪʵҲûʲôûģֻҲûԱߣʵȴķɵɽϵķ
պͣ飬Ī棬ǾȻԶҲԿ͸һ⣬·ãԶӡ
벻ͨ벻ͨ
˿ǾͲˡ
ǰĵ֮Ҫպ֮͡Իصȥֶתʱ˵أֻΪ۷ʲôǺ־ҶǺԡ£Ժ˵
СʯͷǰԶһͻľʯϣϢһ㵭ӨƵı
⺢ӵĵҲˣȴһų֮ġľҼ򵥣ҲƽͿһҾĽ
ֻǣһУû飬ûպͣûЩޱҡڵ
Ϸǵ㣬ǰǾֱȻˣֱ֮Ȼı䡣
ˣҲһǻ᲻֣



131

ͻȻһֱڱĩãȥƿɽе鷳ôպͣ黹˾ٲȥðգҲͲȥħ飬ҲͲᷢˡֻǵ뵽һʱѾȥʲôˡ·ҴСʯͷںš
ܾ֮ǰҾ֪Ǹˡһʱʲô⣬ֻҪͿˡǺõģʲôʲô취Ҳ϶Ƿֺõı취ѾôãһԭӣûʲôҾֻôһ·ȥֱһʱҾһġһ԰պ;Ҷ
һÿǸҹպؿ罦Ѫմҵϣϣ嵭ҵؿھʹ񵶸һÿһںһ¾ʹ뵽ʱȻˣסնϵꡣ뵽պ͵ʱȴᣬֿ࣬һ˺ѷεʹ
Һվµˣ˴޷
պ͡
պ͡
ͷԶİԶʹԶͻů
Ϊʲôǧദֲֻ֪మ
Ҳ֪޷ѰңҲѾȥᡣ
ֻҪ֪ҵðպ;
ȻҪһ
ǣҹЩɫĺ̡
ΪʲôҪأ
û취룬һ;Īᡣ
Сʯͷ˵磬ɽн硣
ҵͷڵҵȻԸонĴڣҽѿڡ
εأҺСʯͷ˵ȴûаַǶôԼʯͷһ壬ûκεĸоŲ㣬ʱϲңƾʲôȥϲأƾҵһ
Сʯͷǣֻ⵱һ·ժݷұһݹڣԼҲһҡҡ˸߲ҡ
ԸԶˡ
򵥣
ǰһ·ߵÿһطÿһ£ʵҵļжѾеѾĮеѾģеȴպ͵ķĳȣԼ˼룬岻СʯͷҲ˵ҲȻͨ˵ħ֪治棿ûȥ
ҿЦȥ档
ٺٵЦ治棬Ҫȥ֪
ǰɽվں濴ţмȻãҲֲһСʯͷɴ磬ȥȥ
һһԲ仡пؽ磬ұһԾһˡ
ħ
ǿԣʵڲ̤벽
ʱʵȴȻ뵽һ¡
ʱɼҪȥɱľȴһ̽պ͵ؿڣʲôԵʣ
Ǹħ
һ׿Ƭǳˮεĺ̲֪ٹһȥ˾ͻ
ʱҲȥħ̽һ̽
Ǵǰұħıƣôȥˣ֮ľԱܹպ͵ٿԽ⡣
ڵҡ
΢΢Ц  ڵң˼ɡ
ֻҪȵպ͡
ֻպ͡
Ե£ûйϵ˭˭а˭˭ʲôˣ
˸磬ôϵɽأСʯͷҵĲӣУҪȥﰡ
ǰ²æ˵Ȱǰһ¡ҵƳƿգϸ΢˻˻졣
Сʯͷұϣкãÿÿ죡磬ɵٿЩԦзлˣ
ֻЦ⺢һ˼֪֪и£顣
Ҳ֪źá
šֵ֡Ʒֳǰͣ½Ų
Сʯͷӣôһɧζ
˵ʲô
ôһɧζ֪Ǹʲô
Ҳŵһ㣬ûСʯͷôСȻһ˵壬ҵı廹ʯʡ
ʱ򣬺ʱĲǣҲͷˣҪˣܹ֪ζҲһ⡣
֮Ҿһֱţֱࡣ
ĸй٣Ҳûõ
ûζûɫûз˪ѩ꣬ʲôûС
һعСʯͷѾȷǽ
鷳СϺۣҪ׽㡣
һЦ֪ĺˣΪô궼ɵĹģҲֶεģ
ʧЦҾͿʲôֶˣ
ҺһһҵİǰΪʮصԺӳ˸׳죬ֻЩľͷˣպǴηֵĶûʲôֵùעġСʯͷѵһ棬ȴҲһ
磬յİ˵¶ĲڣطҲֻǸռӡ
ħôأ
ħ֮˭
Сʯͷĥţ磬ҹǹ¶ֻǲǱض̫ԶҪ֪ɲЩȫ˵ģЩصС
϶ڱضһΣﱻʲô˳˵׳죬ǾֱӴ˽Ҫܲˣͳ£
Сʯͷ˵ĹȻҲǴõġ
ǣһؾҹħ֮Ȼû¶ͷ
˼룬ѵĴССħͷȫ˸飬Щˣĺ飬ʵûĸ©֮ܽôһħļֶıǿ
˭
Сʯͷ˵ҲţѵǶ´ˣʵˣ
ʣЩ棬᲻š

СʯͷȻ˵ᣬʲôӣôЩ걻ٺ޹ģһɧζҶŵóЩ˶ʬ⣬ܡ
ôǸںη
Сʯͷеɵ˵磬᲻ǴȥʱʵˣǴʲô󷨣ֻ˾ŵĲˣҲ˵
룬ҡҡͷ
ǵġ
ҼǵʱպҲﴳģûʲô塭
ħ֮ȷûٵȻﱻһ㣬Ҳ¶档ǳסʲôԵʣ
׻ʲôԭأ
ָôӺδ֣
ҵԽԽ٣Сʯͷ˵ɴˣ˵С
ٵȥҲħ֮
պ顣


132

ˣô
ҸԼϢȻպǸսԺûһ̣һӰҲƮƮĳˡ
ľ
ʱĸоǸӵ˵
ҵļѾˣǰģҪȫû©һʼղ
Ǵպͱ֮һֱҴʱ֮ǰҼǲתôôصպСʱģ˭ҹȥأܸı¡
Ľպ͵֪϶ңΪǷžǺܺõֻ֤ǣľأʲôã
У֮ԿίУѵмΪҵԵôǸʱΪʲôĪľϣǼ˷ѽ顣мضʲôԵʣֻһŪסƺʱľҲһƻ긽ôܾо־¾йأδʼٸߡ
Уʲôط벻²͸ġ
صģҲħһ
ٿˣǱںη
һֱҪЩı򣬻պ͵١һ·ȴԼĺ١
СʯͷֹǰǼһܲǣҾȻ͸ǳ
ѵΪԼ˲ˣˣɽɽﲻ֪ж٣Լ
Ҳ죬ֻҸȥ

ҡҡͷϡǰҶ֪ѾԹ۹һΣʵûԹ۵ڶεıҪ뵽ԼĻǾľؿһзͺܲ

ǰ
ӯرϸ£һ䷿˹ֻħҺСʯͷѾɸһɸһˣʲô˿Ҳûз֡Ҳûзʲôֻһ鷿ֵͣһΪϰ߾鱾׽
ӰվЩտй˵͹¼š
΢΢Щʱеദ׷ĻһĴӼ¶
ȴҲףѾˡ
ٻ׵ʱûվԭ
Ȼọ̀Ѿ߿ˡ
֮٣γǶԼķ
պ͡
պãûһ˱ȵϡ
ôĶ⣬⣿οĵ׶ҲҪٰɣ
ûʱ뿪﷭һ£ûʲôֻƬֽѰġ
м飬洦ɼģϡᣬҺСʯͷʱҲ
ϵһᷭɫȻһ
ҹУ۸һЩ
顭ѵǷʲô
ҳ飬£һĿЩƲģڿҳϵݡ
һ򿴲͸ҲֻǷʲôˣȴ֪ʲô֡
Ѽ鶼һ飬鰸ǰ߹鰸ϿտյģʼûбʣīŲúõֽһīҲûУһͨʯѹšֽѼֽ˼ϸ˿ַŻԭתȥ
Ҳ֪ҪȥĶǵʱպľˣǹ˺ЩʱŻȥġ
ȥأ
ҽͷԺӣ˳֣ƮУԽԽǾɲ
ǰȻһִ˽룬ҽŲ˦¡
ľģ
ǻȥ֮󣬲պͣʱ˴ݱܵ
ôȴˣңľʱڣ˵ءʲô
ҵʣʱ˴𰸡
鴩ֽһʯиǰǰ̷ͷҲû̧˵ˣ
վ˽ţֻ˵һ䣺ҲŶ㣬Ϊʲôô
ǸһдʮֵҼһΡ
ľԵǸ꣬л¡
ҲֻǾЩɢӣ̻̲յģʵڿ˴طܰϢģľ˺ЩˣֲҵԤ֮ˡ̾һʵ֪ɢϲ˹µġ
龲վţ˰ʣأ
˵̫ƣ綼߹ˣںδǲǰãҲһŲ֪


133

˴ҵһμֵģЭĸо
ֻʱ긽壬һƬãȻ£˿ûйȥ롣
ħ֮𣿡
ԼȡģʵгУɽ麣ֽ֣Щ£õҶеʯԦʹһ
һǴǼɢʲôۼһֱ׷ġ
˵ԼƲһɶȴʵӦûô򵥡
żͥԺ˰β˵ס
仰ͷβģȴȫ˵Щʲô
ӻվȻЦЦҪףǿ϶ˡ
龲ĬƬ̣˵Ǹ߸·ԸҲܲ¡ֻǣҵȴħˣҪһķӡ
ֻܷġһЦ֪˵˭Ҳ֤Իһˡ
տյĲ֪Ҫ˵ʲô
˼򵥵Ļ棬ȴĽľ
飬ȻȾ֪ˣ
ħǸˣȻ¡
ֻʲôطһ飬鵴䲻ʵ˵仰ܵͣҲס
ȴվûСʯͷʵĴҵϣҲ֪Ȥһ졣
ˣ»ԭվţаεĹϸһ˿ž;еЦݣɫǳġ
תųԶžİĳſ˿ڵĳߣӰû
Сʯͷ˵磬ְ
ҵͷûлش
֪Ҳкܶ飬ˣҲס
ֻ룬ǱħƵģħĸˣǣǰˣ
ʲôҲ벻΢΢Щ
ĵвǳҪɱǰ첻
ֻǾ﷢䣬ֻȥ£Щ˲һǶӣҺܶʱӮĶǡ
ɱɱ
ͷһֱ
˱ϲʵҲǸļֶκղħһƣ˵Լ޴ԽԽ˲ġ
϶Ѳ˹ϵ
ħֹĪֶοˡ
СʯͷС˵磬ֵİ߰ɡ
ôò
ܲ߰ɸ磬Ҿܡ
ٵȵȡ
ҼﻹЩĶ

ųһ·߽ȥһжԵĬ˾һʱˣͣפ˵ĳ͡
ҼѾģ黭棬ӡغһ
վһտʯҼǵ
ҺСʯͷʧɢ֮һﲻ֪˶ãֱһȻ󡭡
顣
ԭһо￪ʼģתǧ꣬ǧֻ꣬ص˶ϡ
̫ˣö˵ĲصԴڻص̧ס䣬ڡ
ԣʲôҲǵá
һö
ЩԶģģįģʹģ
ȫǣһҲ¡
ú㯣Ҷ飬̫¼įϵõһ顣ΪദʱˣѾϰˣǣƶİ
磬ôˣ
˵ûʲôû
̧֣ϲһ£磬ް
ûް
Щĳʪо
Լ̧Ĩһ£ɳˡ
СʯͷŶһҲû׷ɡ
ʯתһ˵ͦ㣬һ°빦
͵£ϣС˵磬æģң
㰡ǸƢ߶ʮһôžôš
˸磬ȻԼ߳
ļž޷ܣһ죬һ꣬˱Ʒġ
ԶԶҿǱӰһ
պ飬Ѿô
߹ȥȴһжѾν
ֻһȶĽ֣ҿԼǱǣţԼ֪Ľһӽ
պֻͣ
úõ˵˵
֣Ҳſ



134

ﲻ֪˶ãڿɽ¥
ˡ
ҪˣҵȵҲҪˡ
ԶԶһƿնѾ׼ȴ̲סýţֱð亹
պһôʪˣϻеѪۡȻǱƣ룬ȻԵҫ۾ˡ
Ҽһ̤ȥ
ʶʲôûΪ֡κμգҲᵲҵǰ档
Ĳɸı䣬ҲһᵲǰǰѽôʹԼϾͺá
պһֱãֻǰ̫࣬ܲȫſ
˵顣ȻǳԼı⣬һѵĿҵҲûŪԴʲôطһ̡ڻǵѪȾҵϣ̵һֱƵĵȥ
βˡ
պͣҲ֪һиλصϣ﾿ʲôʲôָ
֪ӦĵطҲܹû
һҹ£Ŵ۾Ҫ
ҶԱѾٽ黳˭ı˭˭ɱ˭Ƕ޹ء
ǰҲ֪ԼõһУպ͸ҵġ֪ǻʲô·Щʲô¡
ȻˣľҲˡ
˶ˡ
һƽˡҵȴһڵ
ҿǰԼһ˫ãȻͣעĿֻ֮ľһϮ£нѾʡ
鱳ˣҲõǳ˰ɣ
ҾĻܣû˵˫
ĺܳס
ҪƾһݵҪɱľǰ첻ġ
Ž˻Ҫɱ˵Լܵķӣûһǡպƴ裬ֻۡ
ΪʲôҪһУΪң
ֵá
಻ֵá
һ˳
ҵֱ˳ȥӲץסպ͵ļ򣬽һ߳
Ȼﲻԡ
պ͵һβ֬Ļһлѣǻѣʧ
ץסһӾˡ
Ӱһ̣һѳȥҵĿĶϣҲβסľ㵣ȻˣĿȻ׼Ͷҵϣһ˲֪ˡ
ƺҲɼȻ˵ʲô۾ԲԲģһĺС꣬ǳ
Ǳһ棬ɰС꣬꣬
һ֮󣬵ڶ³ס΢΢ͣ٣ֱս˻
ңġ
һв˲䣬һعͷʱȴľˡ
һ˲Ҳʧˡ
ҿУҼʹԸ⿴һĻȻˣ
һнպͣȻվһպͣһĴ̽ؿڡ
һҲȻֹͣСķʣôһ£
Ҳ֪Ҳס
һôأ
еպͺȻġ
Ҽеʣôˣ
ۣһţ񱻽ˡ
һһֱֻ۽һֳֻ½
ļϸ׵ʯһĳһ˺ۣͬһֻĽ̽ȥ־㤡

ôģΪʲôѾˣ龰
֪Ϊʲôⳡлңôպͣ
룬ҵָǵ˺棬̵ӿɽ㣬ҲҪ

磿ôˣ
һƬңСʯͷ֪˳û°ɣ
û£ˣ
æӦһֻŽҴ˸ƿӣǻشԪӸҵġ
ҹʲôͳͳպկСѣֻı˵˿ô°
ҿЦ˵Ҫ㣬һ¡
۹һָ֪ץסҵ󣺡

û¡
һö˶˵վǸȻ¡
˺û󣬺ģȻպ۵ɫף촽ϣʪ֪ᣬȴûѪ

ô¶͵ļҶͿˡѵҵ٣ǽҹô
˵㲻ģ

Ȼ΢΢һЦôЦݣȴ쳣
СʯͷЩֵ̿߶һֽҵһֻ첲磬ô°˭ˣôҲҰ֣
û취ֻͣܺ˵˵
պ͵ĿƵСʯͷϣͣһ£תң֪С˵һ٣յĺܣǡӦÿԶȹȥֺȻ̧ң㣬
˵㲻Ҫ˵۵𣿡
á˵лһҾñȸղźЩˡȻ۾һ£Ҽǵ㣬ǸӵˣҰˣͲˡ
ŵۡ
պ;Ȼǵã
ص㲻
ǣպôǶμ䣿⣬ȫͿˡ
Ǽǣҡ
ֻԼһУһͷҲš
ţȥǸңպͣ״ͣͣ˵ţϻ̼
¶
Щ٣ЩɣЩĶȻѩͷ׷׵Ļȥߡ
ȻҲ£ܹõתصȥվȫΪ
һеպ͵͵һҼæ񣺡ô
û¡
Ҳû£ְؿڣտֻҪܺԸͳԼܸһС
ҵȥģҲֵõģ
պ˫ĿգһӨ׵Ĺ򻺻ͷϷ֣ۡâҾôۡ
ҷӦһɫĹٿ֣ڿлһǳǳĹ⻡Ө׵Ĺһϡ
ת⣿
תͷȥղһп̵պͣǱȥҽŵģȴѾˡ
תḡţȻ½䣬ûպ͵ؿڡ
ҿһߣֿԼеˣԼƺ˵ʲôǣϸ־Լʵס


135

ιֲܱѽ
е㷴ӦղŻϢٵˣһת۾Ȼɫû¶һ
ɿɿվǸɵһĹȥңٿҲɵӻٵ㶵ңüͷôˣ
죺ϵó
ճɻҶϵóպ̧ؿڣǺˡ
վǽµİӰȻŤסҵȵңţСʱҲɣ

Ҵ˵Ҳ֪ǰɡ
ǾǣǾͲǰʲôܲܵġһ£еŤǰÿˡٶ࿴ϰ˰ɡĿԵСʯͷϣС˭ѽ
ҵܵܡ
ģĵܵѽϸСʯͷţͦ
СʯͷЦе˵ҲǺζ˵
еЦãһֿϲıؿڣҪ
ҲҲҪȥȫŪףֻҪ֪պǺúõģš㹻ˣ
ˣ¶ͦεģղƵģжԼǲ壬֪˭ڸعҪȥʯ׵Щ˵Ļס
ιң
˵
˵һв˲䣬ѾתΣΪûü̿־塣ǶҶȴһѾǣôãҪ
Ҵ󻷱ͷϡ
պ͵Ḳҵϣ˰Σ˵û£̫ࡣ
Сʯͷһ߿ǣȻһָǰ棺
̧ͷȥľվ̨ױԵ䣬ЩϺзͱһ紵Ķˢ㲻ȣһɽ£òǱĵƮڣ䣬ҵ趯СʯͷһŽѽ  ˣʤգ

⼸仰ôôıŤأպͲԼͬתͷȥСʯͷһɫԵı飺˲֪ʲôְתͷң֪Ҵ˵ľ
СʯͷŻֶ̾ôҲ
պͿֿС˵ܵôãƢԿһҲ񰡡
ӣȻ񣬲ȷҵܵܣ̫ڹܽˡ
磬ʶСʯͷҵӣֱŹ⣺һ£
ҾñϿʼðˣǲģ
ûϵ˵ʶʶԱġ
Ǹôȥ𣿡е㲻ȷһֱģͻȻľ֮ô龳֮£е㲻׵
һȣǸȥպ˵ֻһңȴ㣬ɲͷͻȻһҿûȥˡ
˵е
ҸעǾ䣺Ҫޣ
仰ôôأֱȫƮƮĲ֪ôˡ
Сʯͷһ߶Сߺ˵Цļ涪ˡ
Ҳˢ죬պ͵һֻ֡
ָ£ԳЦţҲĻסҡ
ľǽţҲŽȥ
ҿʧƵһǰ棬ľĸںͷǲҸ̫±͵͵ĸǺ档ȻɻȻ֪ȥᷢʲô֪һֲſ
ģ֪Ҳһġ
ǽһӣǾڴӱ￴Ǹȫʪܵһ˿ҲûУһμ벻ˣҲԼס˲Ըľ˵˼仰ܵͣ˵ʲô
ľȻһЦȻסֺֻ֣һƬɿ֣ж
Ѿǵοˣת顣
תͷպͣҲתͷҡ
ղϳֹת飬֪ڲڣ
պҡҡ֣ʾǶѾڡ
ҴѾµˡ
ƬСĵĺ£סȻڰǰ£дš
ܻȥҵСʱպܻͣ٣һȥģǽת
һ벻ͨһصһιȥھһʱ⣿պһֱӵֻҴǶιȥҵĽı
Ƕιȥںͽֻǣ鱾ֻǰһע·;ȥʱдһתһжûиı䣬һб
Ҿͷʹ
⸴֮ҿ׵ġ
дõŷһ֣иĬ۽Ըһ仰˳ȥʱػʱһǰ죬һصպСʱǻߵġ
ģл¡䣬ƺڴʲô顣ҿĪ˿Щܵ
ǸЩʧƵǻعˣľһָüģָһƣ⻪ʢۡǸȥǿУԽԽԽԽãȫ͸ʧ
棿Ѿȥô
ظԭ״ΪղŵĹҫۣǹʧ֮󣬾Եڡ
ľƺ˲ٷ΢΢һΣַס˵ļ
ǻ£ֳľЩվˣ˵˹ȥ
ֻҪ¾;ò̤ʵһΣȽĸоϵĺëȫһСġͿ˺䡣
һĨƮⶸȻ֣һذףֻиУذ׵ûľ䡣



136

ͻȫֲһ֣ſذףһػľϣǵɫӰ˳ȥ°ڿлһҶ̵ĺۼһУվ˹ס˻һУһ󲽣վľǰ˵Ǻαء
ÿµûǰôĽ˴նôܲأ
----
ЦĴѵ㻹⣿ʱ򣬸ղƴȫһʱʱľòġ㲻Ҷ֣ÿ----㲻ҲҪֻҪˣҲͲٿķ㲻ԸĵطǸʯͷȥֻ꾫˵ĺ 
ֻ˵ְͣɣ뿪㲻Ҳ뿪߰---
ȻҪߣһǵɱ
ЩյȻǡ
ûʲôÿǡһǰÿ
͵̾ϢҲΪСǲûҪÿ˼
ۿĵҪγѣϽȥ֣˱ҷӦ磬ӽ˴
պͻСʯͷ˹ȥһƲԭء
ס֣Сʯͷһվɱ
պ͵챾Ҳһ£ǻѾСʯͷ˵ˣͱ죬ֻվ
תͷ¶ŵɫ촽£պ͡㡭
û¶ƽɽ١΢Ц˵Ҫлˣʦ֡
ǶȥˣҲʹӴԾ˽ȥ
תͷһۣ΢΢ģ𶯡
̧֣һԼ
ֻҪһۣͻѾʲôˡ
Ҳ֪ʲôס
ǰõһһĬеġ
鿴ңתͷ˵˵ˣɱģ߰ɡתȥľԼѾǽվֱĨȥߵȺѪɫеѪ°ϣԵѩһɫģԵúܴ
߰ɡظһΣ׷ɱ㣬ѴǰҲҪصˡ
¿һľ飺ܱ֤Ժ׷ɱң
Ҳգܱ֤
ľܹŹҪɱ
ҿɫ֮䷢ʲôʲôҲܸǺܸӵİɣ
Ǹ¾õŵ£ۼ²Ϊתߡ
ţٿħֵô౻ƵˣҲǣˣ᲻ݻأ
ѾӰˡ
תľʣû°ɣ
һûлش̧ͷǣˣô족
Ҳÿ죬һ·---·ôۡǶ˵ʱȷֻȥٵһ㣬ǰųţžͻˡ
ҵֲ֪ܵܵôˣʽľһѣΪߵ⣬ľֱϣ˾ľٵ£һǱҪ׹ȥġ
һԵ˵ˣû°ɣ
ľؿڵֲһ£ȻĻӳسСʯͷĶͷϣе㶹֮ȻЦ̫ˣͦ󣬿ɼ˲Ҫ
СʯͷʱһһȭͷľؿڣСʯͷ仰һҾǱӶԭˣһ
߿ľתȥ˵ǲ֪ˣ
˵ǣҲ֪ɱ㣬ڸոգҲס
Сʯͷ˾죺Ƕ֪ʲôˣʲô֪
еѿת治һҵܵܡ
պһ߿ֿǸȻЦ
ˣڵĵ֮ȸˣ˵£
̾һ˵ǣˣ˵
ľһץס˵ѵҲߣ
˵ҴûҪ¡
ҵܵܶľ˵˶𼤶Сϼ˰
պתͷ˵ʦ鷳ء
Ҳ֪˵ʲôһģÿ˶˵Լ˵ģҪġ
ҾҲǶţͿˡ
ֻҪţ޵ϣʲô£ҲԺ˵
ѰҸ⿪ɻ󣬻ںط꣬Լ顣



137

ҪľˣСʯͷЦɿģľš
ľڹʮȥ߰ˣҲˣеۣСʯͷֲ´
պҽԱߵһݣһ䣺ûţ
ҡͷ˿۲ۣ
һЦһˡң첻˵ȻʣСʱǸ𣿡
ҵͷ
µϸҰ죬˿ʵҲ̫ܼǵСʱǸ˳ʲôӣֻǡ֪Լһֱ֮ǰڵѹסǸӣҲᾭѣѪУСҪغһֱ˳ʲôԽǵãӡԽģ뿪ңɽ㣬֪ΪʲôһӾ;ã˿ôУѾܾˣʶǵáպüͷһʲôʲôǹ·ǰʱ·ǰ
ҡͷҲ벻סƺһȥ˲Űת㣬ҲΪɽʱŶҾرС
ˣˣһѱסң°ҼϣԽԽͿмеŪ֪֮һˡ
ǣ˵Ķԡ
һ𣬶˶úõġ
ˡ
Ҳ̫ࡣô꣬ô£ʵƽƽģԼǸһ𣬾õ¡
պҵûͷûԵһףͻȻ֡䰫һЩӦ˵ұһЩҵӡ⿪֮󣬸ıĲһ
Ҳؿڷȣֽ΢΢Ʋס
һǴ￪ʼģϸáǣʲôϵأ
պ͵ļȣڼҾ---

ҵͷպ͵ʲôʱ·ˣ
һİֳȥ
ٳһȥ
Ҳˣ־ͣǶЦĻģС˵ǵǵһΰɡڽط
ҺһҵȻǵãҲ˵һŵ⡣
ǻҿƲס㱻ʦȥΪǿꡭһӱշ֣ҲЮת򣬲߻ħû취ֻܵˡһ㶼ֻῴһֻʬ塣˵ʱ򣬱£պգ˵ɫͷһѵȻǵ
ⶼ˵ʲô߰㡣
̲סֺֺЦһ룬ǲµġתǼʶˣպʹСͰȥôЩ϶սսıôѰֵĻӣ̵Ŀ϶ࡣ
ȵһΡһ֮϶ûٳԿͷƢֻҪһҶȥֱɽȥگݵӣȥ֮ǰЩӣôأ
һ棬ͺݺҧһڣΪʱͷˡ
ҺȻЩ
ǼһֱԸȥ룬ǣܾ͵ûз
պٰʱ˵Բ𡣡
̧ͷңֻˮġ
ʱ֪Ϊʲô֪---ֱǸѾϵĳݺеʹң۵Ļֹһط
Բ𡣡Ȼҵʱǲ壬ңһֱΪԼһΣˣǰ
֪ˡ
պͱ죺֪˰ʵˣԼˡ
ҵͷʱҧһڣһί룬ûӲ̻ȥˡڡҪҪҶûж
һۣɵðҴԼֻء
룬̧Ҫҧڣҧص
ҲŲҧأҧ̤ʵˣԼĴֲˡûôҾţԺ󶼲ܸˣᣬһӡ
Ҿ﷢࣬ȴеһӡ
Ҽһӣһӵ¡
⻰˼ҷӦӱҲˡ
ԣ㿴Ǹˡ
Цǣ꣬Ѽ
һתһˣͲǸôģ
һ¡


138

û˵ֻս֡
պЦЦҲûپ⣬˵ȥڿɣ֪ľôҲ֪ʦһǲĹ---Ȼ˵ǸСһܵܣ
ЦҾ֪ʲôеε˵ǣûȷ׵ܵܡǱͬһʯͷģģġʵ˵ҲúƣЩ궼ߣ˭֪Ǻ˭ѧƢء߳ӣͥԺﲻ֪ζɳɳŨغ⡣
ôأҲ⡣
ľܵ˲ᡣպ˵ѾάĽԲŻһġ
˵е
ͥԺСҹɫһˮϵƳһȦȦͥԺ֮ǰŲͬ˾ҰꡣɫܰԺʯһ΢ƽԶ
һĵյԵúͣȴֽӳͨ͸ľ¿ҲûԭԵ˲٣ƺˮһ
ȴСʯͷ齱ߣŰˮҾȶһ˵ٺȵɡ
ˮԽԽˣպʣʦأ
Сʯͷ𣺡ȥŪҩȥˣ￴š˵仰תͷȥ
ľٺһڡ
⺢ӻǡ찡
޻˵ľһεı飬ˣˣҪڵֻܰţСʯͷ˿Цõɧš
ҵĳĬպ͵ľ䣬˴ôȻ˵ꡣ
ҿýҲգý罫ʱȻûʲôţҲʴ໵ǾͲ̫ס˵ĵطˣֱǼٵĶ˵ԺҲʲôˣͦõģ
ľ΢΢һЦĿͶ봰ҹɫеĻ˵ҲеҲܾûпˡǰ¡
ˣպʹ󷽷ʣһҲܻ䣺Ǹʲôʲô£Ҫɱ㣿ţг𣿡
г  Ҳ㲻ϡľһЦ֮ǰЩСС֣Ȼ˵Ӽ߰߰ɣҲûʲô£ҾͰѵôꡣǲ뿪ͻ˥ᱻԭΡܲˣĶɢȥˡǾãǴԭҲҪȥһֱţҳ˯ʱҲʱȥЩ飬ľͱԭΣɱңͳװˡ
ҾͲˣպʣ㲻˯˺ܾôǻְ
ľգۣҲƣʱǴѴѵĻᰡԺǼһɡ
ˣǻ˥ô
---ľ˿ȥľٶʵΪ˶СʯͷյߵˮڲˣҹĽҲˣ顣
պ˵ǵǱ
ľ˵ҵ̫µܱͼ˵ôЩ꣬Ҳǵ˶Թˡ
ӰͥԺһ࣬ͥԺ˼ӣɫĳԵθ޳һֳһֽɡл续ˡ
Ҿúסˣǰûĸо
֮Ĺȥء
룬Ҫ˵ģֻǱǸ
Уһʽټ
Ҳںܾ֮ǰҾӦú˵ôһ䡣
ĻػͲᷢҲûڵһˡ
߽棬еɡڻ˴һֻжŸ̡ʢһֻ롣ŵһҩ㣬ǲ֪ʲôҩ
ľһȴû⣬СʯͷŶ˹ҩҪιľֻܿЦ˵Լͺá
ʵ˵ҲûҪιҩĳ̶ȣ֮ڸղűֵԬܻΪ˲Ĺкϰɡ
---СʯͷǸ
Ҳ֪ôô˵⺢Ӱ---
պ˵ʵҹΪлҪת飬ҿѾˡľ飬ͣʦ֣ľлˡ
ҡҡͷ㲻ÿǵϴ˵Ļ˵ƽµġ
պһЦţҲ˵ʲôˡлλҪʲôõңһȫԸ


139

ľҩȥ˵µ£˰ɡҲҪɱ㡣룬ҲֻҪ뿪
ľ΢΢һЦʲôʱ˵ҪˣȻҾô꣬ȴҲΪԵһֱˡһȥôܾԸ飬ҲȥȻҲİɡ
⻰˵ҲǣºģûʲôĻ˳ɶĵȥеĿ͵ȻȻǲȥǸµ鷳ˡǸħҲǴ⡣
˵ͷû˵
ҺպվһߣǺ˵ЩʲôҪô˵𣬳ٳٵĵòһ
ľ㷢һγֵϰСʯͷˣûߵսǵĵطһһִܻȥˡ
պʧЦҴв
ˡزסģȻȥʲôȥ˵ɡ
ҡ
Ȼȥˡպ΢΢һЦû˵
˷ţžͥԺʣһˡ
б˱ϣԱ߾ǶֽɡɡǺܾ֮ǰʽѾûɷֽɡ---ɡǰ
ɡӯûɡϻŵˮīɽʯ
һǵõһοɡʱʲô
룬ҾǿʯͷǸ˴
ҵȻ֪ǲԼ룬ɡκξ⡣
ɡ£Ȼ˽Ų
߳վҵǰ
վһʱ벻γƺ
һʦֵߣȥ
˵һл˳ɣ
ҵͷǣæ
Ҳÿ˵ʵ---Ҳࡣ
߽УҸȥɡȴ֪ҪҪڵԸ⣬޷䵽ϵģ---ԼҪɣ
ϸܵ˿ʪѣͷͷ˿Ѹմϸ鱦ʯһӨ顣ʪˮԵð͸°ڷ΢΢ڶҡҷһĨɫһԶģѾ˵ξǰչ
Ļޱ޼ʣҺȻһκһɽأƬ龰
˵ЩʱҾúĪĻ
УҶӵ
Σˡʱʲô˵£Ű˵ʱʲôʱû˵Ļʲô
˵Ļ֪ΪʲôøӱأؿڣӲ²
ǴһŻǰǸΪİͥԺ
տ֪֮ǰʲô˽ģľôҾòֱӦûԣǣҲûôء
ǰ£ˣ
ҳĬŵͷ
ʲôô
£̹ʵ˵պһȥȻ---Ҫʲô֮Ǻһ𡣡
عͷң̬ꡣ
ȥģվǹȥˡ˵ǰ飬клվѾ˹ȥ㯣֪ԼҪʲôĶˣöˣֻǻЩģƽһ룬ʵνĺܡǰȱʧֲҲ̤ʵˣں£֪˰ɣ
ҿ˵֪ˡ
˰ɣǻҲЩ־壬͵ҹһΰɡˣպҲ֪ģҪ
ң˵ˡ
ͷһҲ飬ƺһ֪
ľǲΪ㣿̲סʡˣǼһƴҲҪѸ
ǣ˵תͷȥҲתıֿϰæǾȲպ͡˵ǶǷһ飬顣ԣʱ򣬿Բҧгݡ
˵ʵ飬һǹִظһΣǲΪ㣿ҪΥĵ飿
΢ЦҡҡͷҺ£һιˣҲܾãҲ˵˭˭ǣ㲻õģ㿴ӣǻҲ𣿡
һΣľ
°˵Ҳ⡣Ȼ׽㿴ЦԺ󣬻Ǳˡ
һ뿪ڣ΢΢һЦЦƺ̫ණֺð졭ʲôҲûУеĲɣЦݾˣֻһನ΢
ҳĬˡ
պ˺ܺãĺãҪúϧ˵һ֪ĵˣôףǧˡ
Ҳ֪ôţ˵Ҳǡ
ЦһЦ߽ҹɫĻ
Ѿ˵ʲôˣޱ޼ʣѳϣʵͬϸ꣬ӲȥȴҲǡ
Ҹպ͸ǵʱǳ껹¡
ľ˲֪ǲôأûгһֻͣǵĺ˵ڣǡСʯͷϸߣһҪ¡
ЦЦ˵Ҳ޷СʯͷҲСӣչԼͨϢӷҲѡ
ԼҪչľֱ˺ˡ
ֻߡ
ʱãһжиµĿʼɽģˮڣͽꡣ
Ǻ飬ҵа졭
ټ˵ʱ򣬱˴ѾʱվʱѡΪǸľܾãҲǰͷûн֡ľȴǸĵܵܣ治Ҳһʯͷȴλĺɫ
˺ܾãٻɽȥѡǿͿһЦƺš
һЦλʦܣþòˡ
ǧ쳾ͣһЦꡣ
꣩



1

ǰվڶ⿴Ƭѩ׵мҵϣһִƮɿȥ
ѩˡ
ů˵䣬ϡ
΢Цתͷ㿴ѩˡ
ףӱ̽ͷͷһۣʱЦտѩˣ
űӴӴһ޴ĲӼһһĳŲҪƽ⣬ҪñӲɢߣĵסһŶĳ⡣ɫãһƬһƬѩ䣬Ŷ·һ֧Եĸ裬һڳĬʫ
ѩѽͷҵĶߣ΢΢
ұסͷϣû
ķģʵҲûô䣬ŵζ
ѩζʲôѾѩˣĻŶлˣ÷ȴʱڡ
պЦֹšҶˡӡҵĴϡ
ֲǵĸҲܳ伢ġ
ȻҲʱ˵ɷ羰Ļ磬أѩһǻˡ
ϵĽһסԭϵҲûϵ̽ϸ壬ᳵ·һ·롣
Ҿеڶϡ
չЩЦι
ûͷûһ̲סЦʮĻӦҡ
Żһֱû˯ԹΪʲôЩ˯ǿȴЩϲá
֪---ҹʱһƬڰУһյȴ⣬жôůҸϣ
οȥǺʱֻҪڶһƻһ
౧գǲ׽һͨĥҲ巢̣֡
ָҵĦʪ鶯õߡ
ұ۾˳Ķ
оһֱ̽΢΢ͦ
סң΢΢Цһôġ
۾һ죬ЦĴԵ´档
ѵûоˣ̧ȣ֮һ£ҲЦˡ
ӺɣʡЩ---ҧŶ˵ʩ˳תбڶϡַҵϸͬһشԾĻ硣ָ˳ű»ѣ䣬һָǱ˽
˿İ
ֻϣҵȴȵ
ͬ
ָ̽Ȼʱ´棬ÿÿʱܻЩĸо
˵Щѽָ˳ЩȻ
Ǻҧɣ͵飬ȪˮһһĵӿҾϵգҲˣڶᴭϢ
Щʱ򣬱ԼҪ˽ܡ
ǰ˽ĸӲˣ΢΢ָ˳ȥҪȫ˳ʱּӽһ
ָһǰƽòչ
Щ죬Һ㡭
ǿ񣬷ĶôȥôЩ죿
ϸ˵Ҳ̫ȵָѸӵ

ҵ֣ҵ塣
Ҿú΢΢ͷ
ֽңһĵֽԽĥģĸоԽ
ǣҡ˵ĸܡһȵǱƣڸʴ
ĵѩµԽԽҲȥصҴϣ̽ϵ£ⶼϸϸɨ˱أ˱еʹ
ЩΣգЩѣεĿָоһȼյĻ𣬶ǾŻ˶ȥССꡣ
ĸǽü٣ҲԵýˣһ±һ룬һ±һ¼٣ҿԸоԼưûһ˿϶ܸоѪҵƵƺһġҾƺڳһݣһҲָ
ϲ˫ޡԳЦеңһ𣬾ôţһֱֿ
˵Ҳǡ
û˵ĶһҲıң֮ͺҪҵճһ
ͷĿ
ѩһƬƬǰƮԶԶģؼһƬȻס



2

ӷ˵ģΣҲ֬Ĩһͷҧڳݼ䣬죬ݰףڣü壬Ŀ㡣
˵ϣĺҵĺճһҲֱ˴ˡ
Ļ·Ѿữ룬һ³׹һƮɣһ˿ͬʱᵽȫ෴ĸо---
ĺ
ˣ
ۣ⣬һβ͵ҰèǻҲŲۣٴսٻغϣ
ҼæסЦٻغϣ
ˡ˵Ъɡ
һ⻹ࡣ
Ϸɶ
֪ʲôʱصϵģ룬ƺҡ
ˣҲԼϷ̡
ȦҵĲӣһûһµıƤرã⻬ϸȥҪסĴ
𣿡ͬ
ͦõġ˵ҵá
ĸеͿ
һۣ˵ˡ
Цһ֪ҲͲϸʡ
һ߰Ūҵָһ˵һ˼ʶһ̺һ죬˶پơ
ͷɢҵĶߣϣӯϸͬһ˿䵭ȻǳʱΡ
ҲˣҲעҾͻǸطǸʱ
ҲΪԼҪʧȥ---ҺãҺһֱǣű˴˵֣ſı䡣
һȥĸǣĪ棬
Ҫ˵ȫڣǲܵġպͣʲôĲڣҲҪˡ
ιʲôأ
΢Ц˵һȥ㸸ס˵һΣȻҲ
ǸԳЦǴҲͦΪˡ
ûá˵ԭΪҪնģû뵽ɵľͷҹ˹ء
ʵҵԭûô˵أ֪һֱħ²˵ýͱϳˣҲ֪Ϊ˾ңһ٣࣬Ǻˣ˵ûͷһ£ⲻ⣬Ƕͦģİɡ
ʧЦǲǸ˵ɹգ뺣
ô˭˭ѽһץסңһΰɡ
΢Цá
ҵ䣬һ̧תͷָϴ˿СʱҵΪҶӣġѧĳɹ֤ʴǣˬΨʺˡ
˵ŶǵҪ졭û˵Ѿʼˡ
Ҳ̫٣ַһĨ࡭
ţӦָֹ鰴---ֻ֣ЦЦһʱ벻˲Ҫ֡
ﻹмֵĹ
Լʲôģˡ
-------
һֻڶţһֲ֪ĥЩʲô
Ƭ̣建ֻ̧Լһʪȵڣһ֮¡æۡ
պְؿڣеЦЦԭ---ͦӦġ
ǡҼֱ֪˵ʲôˣպһһһ嶯Ҳ֪һǰϣȴͻȻԼ˵---
ʲô۱ϣҪ߳ŭһѳԱߵıûͷûԵһǣԼŲ֫ѵ䶯
۱ӸſǸоȴؼְؿڣȳԣȫ
Ϣĸʧأʱʱݳһ͵Ŷŵ͵͵죺ǳֺ---
һ㲻
Ŷ
ҿЦãһˮƵȣҵҲԽԽԽԽԶ
ιͣûˣ
ֳ̧۾Ľۣ͸ҶӨĺǡϵ¶飬°ϻĵ
ұķ¡һüͷ˵㡭---һȲҵʡ





ʱȣ---ȵķʽܲǺһġ
պʱҲȤǣΣҲ̫Ȥ˰ɣ
Ӧ˶ƣڰղϲµĵš
вС˵Ȼɵһߣһ
ҷû˫ޣвûˡ˵´βˡ
ҵûãԼεĻһһ
˵պͲֺǺǵͬҡ
ںХĴѾһȥıЩȥ
һЦϣһ䣺ĹǱȽ񰡡
ҿЦ֪һָҪҵȣһװɲҪһ㡣
Сһ߻ЦһңȻᳵ·ľ͡¾롣
ұȽϰߡ
ǣҷŰۡ
ҲȽϰߡ
ǳû
ȥȥ
ᣬأᣬء

һġ
Ĵѩ¸û꣬˶ˬˣˬպͳ˵ģҲ͸ѧˡ
ǵϴһֻܹ֣ȥҴкüȭһ߷ˬˬɳˬ
֪ǰǺƤģиĵҲԲĶȥ
Ǵȥ̽ףɽǺѩһͯӣһһȺС꣬ѩˡȤʲô书ȫãƾ·ͷﶼѩֵļۡ
Ī˵ǽȤ
ðɣҲ̫Ȥ
ĪëһСպַǳƢԡ
ϴι·ӣƮƮ۴䣬˺ãϸȳȷ͸˾Ʒһô࡭Ҳʵǡ
·֮Щ죬ɴƷ
³³£ֻɴȻǰȥŹᣬ˵ûȤ
ȤȤ֪ҲȤѩѩȤ紩ſɴҲԽҿȤǷշ跢ա
ѩôѽ
ҴӦţ㲻ȥѩɡ
ܰ˵ﻹûأ˵ѩûʲôͷѩˣһѩ˰ɡѸˣٶѸңվڶ߶˵ô
У⻹
¾еץǽٵˣ·ٺٺ٣
ɽ˼ȸ޻еۣûɾҲпϵģС--Ƿɧԣ
벻ĻݣǰҲ֪һ棬֪ˣľѳۣµ޵Ļģ֪ҺһˣҪҲûķ
ңҷڣ
ţ
˵ʵҲãܲá
ΪСҪҵУΪ˿˴ˣõһ·ߵһ
ԣҪ׷Ǿ̫ԲסԼˡҲŲᷴڡ״ô˵ģɽ⣬ˮΪߡ
ȻǾͺúöһɡ
Һ°ɡ
ѽ죬ˬ
ǣܵһɣ
Уѩ˶ѺԺȥ
Ǹʲô
룬Ǳɲ˶ٵڶѩϣһһΣٴٻλΡ
ãû˵ɡ
ѩţպƣ˯ˡ
û˯ҷ˺绽֮ҹʮɽɽµĻѩȫʹ紵һաûѩˣʲô
ڶպһ棬֪ѩȥˣ˵ϧ治ѩˡ
Ҹոһһ䣺˺ˣҲһԣ£
۵һһͷԵڴߡ
ңһǷ˰ɡ
<>

ãصС˵ www.27txt.com ӭȥŶ

ƷԻ,˲κθݰȨ

