衤
ߣī

Ш1 ֮
ɣڡ 
 
Ϊǡ 
ɡС 
룬Ըġ 
סססססססססססססססססס 
飬ˡϦͽ 
Ϊο޻ꡣ 
£ɪɪ˲޺ۡ 
סססססססססססססססססססס 
Ӱ 
ƽ 
飬 
޻  
                  
Ш2 
ᣬڻ 
غٻף 
¶Ŀʹ 
ȴȴֻΪһݵİ 
Ҳ޷˼ 
Ǵټһ죻 
ʹľ 
绪̡  
                  
1 ׵
˵һǧᣬ͵˾ͷɫĻҰɫȴΨףΪǰһ̣ȴ˺ޣΪ˺ޣӵ˾ 
ӣ 
ǸŮ˵ĺӡ 
Ŷô 
ɴӵˣǸûҪҰ֡ 
Ǿͷɣ󣬱ĸ˼ҼˣǾ컯ҪҰǵˣߺߡɡ 
ӤĿɽҰʯͷеۣȴ޷жӤŮ˵ģǾһ·һ˵ϣȻĵתȥ˿ûо 
ӤļϣٲȻһѪ̥ǣһֻѪ 
ӤȴʲôҲֻڶˣȴû˸ι̣ıʹ۴ϤΪʲôô䡣 
еˣҲˣССѾ˥֮ٶһʱ䣬һʹҲ۾ϣܹս֮ǰ硣 
۾ѾҪ֧ŲסҪˡ 
۾ˡ 
ʱһҺ廬ĿУͻȻ۾ǰһʮİףһ뻹ðţ̡ 
ˣˡǸ˿۾ϲؽ˫۾Ư 
ۡΪʲôһİĻİˣ 
ޣԣˡǸļš 
ֹס˿ֻеǸ˵ĻҲĪеˣضֵֻ˲ 
ֿЦˣĵһЦֵֻҲЦˣΪõЦգĺܿɰ 
ԣˡǸ˶ţЦͣ 
壡С˭ģһһĶըŵòᣬֿ 
ޣԡǸæļ򣬡ꡭС㣬źӡ·ϼ񵽵ĺӣҪˣȾ 
·ϼģǶҪȥˣСҰ֣ҿ㻹ķŻȥɡǸװͰ͵С塣 
ôУôɰĺӣҪǷ˻ȥöΣհ㲻ǲ֪жҰǡ屧ϸضš 
Ƥǲ˵üǮۣŰɣָһӣǮôϿ١ 
һҾͺϲӣҪˣҲҪӣֻҪзԣһŵġ屧ɫһӱò԰׶ᶨ 
ıɡǸƳһۣСıҰ 
û˵ֻĬĬؿϰԵţͻȻеƣ룬˯ȥСؿš 
۾ٴʱõЦ˰ɣһţ̣ˣٺһڡԡ 
ĵ˱ţ̣ĵĿЦݣʼʱίѾɢˣȡ֮ӤеĴЦݡ 
ְɣʲôأͽ裬òã裬衭ԣˡԸַǳ⣬ЦˣȻĻҲܵĿ֣ҲЦˡЦ÷ⴿ档ȴ֪Ϊȵţ̣ѾٶûгԷˡ 
ѽѽؽţһ˫۵СֺҵػţÿһգῪĵشЦһ۾Ҹؿ֣ţḧ壬һ·һĲޣһСľͻǡ 
ҲǰɣҲϰᣬȻССȴʲôҲֻֻ֪кһܹΪܵҲֻı£ܿĸƷۺʱεأظ壬ֻҪ岻ߣͻ޿Ƶش޴֣ûһͣ˼ 
˼ᷢȵ̾Ϣӣ̫ɰˣһ˫ˮһ峺ЦҪѷɫ֣ˣһһǵĴˡǣȴһһ㣬Կʼ壬һһĻﴫĶ䣬԰գȴȻǿش 
أ˶ѾϰߵССӰȷ㣬ĳɳȴԽԽʧ 
Ȼӵһ˫۾òȴûӡ֤ǵĶԣûһˣµţԽԽãֻһƽ˼ҵĹһŮˡ 
ȴôΪʼţĹֻҪʱһܹչֳǷòԣҧأŴ壬飬֣ϰ裬ѧ٣ףԼһŮ壬һ۲۵ˡ 
𣿡ıʱ԰׵¶ЩЦݡ 
ˣǣҩ𣿡˽Ļݺ塣 
ȻˡȿȡͻȻеһʹԼĲѾ˲ҽεĵزˣΪ˸ʦѧգȥԼҩǮѾʱ޶ˡ 
µ۵Сְı˳ 
˺ˣȥѸѧɣ赸Ͳˡ΢΢Цţļ硣 
õġݸһЦͶ뵽£ػ壬ȻЩ裬ȴѾһ˿ĵζһһĺӣһ㣬ŲɣɵӰЦˡ 
úòãһˣЦŷ赽ߣĵѯʵ 
ãõġǳЦţͰڷ 
Ժ֧衣˿ģҲЦ 
ͻȻԵеһˣôأ 
ôأԶڵߵġף˵ 
Զߣһ죬뿪㣬ǸʱһˣһҪǿ֪𣿡̾һš 
ôᵽȥأ壬ΪʲôԶأ 
Ϊʱ䵽ˣͻᵽһԶԶĵطȥͲչˡ޷Ϊ˵ֻ 
ô𣿡ץֱۣ᲻õġ 
ʱ򣬵Զˡ彫ϥϣԣһҪǿúõػȥס𣿡 
סˡƶǶص˵ͷ 
ǾͺáǾͺáţĿȴԶ·ң֪δ  
                  
2 ۵
Ŀһ̣ӵһѪӣУıʹ̣ǵΪҽʱֿ֮ǰʶ¶ģ 
΢УƮһӰɲ㣬һһЦ˱ӦһСŮ¶飬裬Ʈݣӡ 
һˣ¶һӵеĴЦݣת֮ɫһ䡣 
㵽ôˣĵؿŽӲڴϣɫ԰׵壬Եط֣ǰ㲣ˣûˣɵõġ 
û¡ǿڲ԰׵ϼһЦݣ¡ɵ᣿ 
ѾˣҪҪԾ¶˵Цݡ 
ˣһúܺ̾һӣʱܵ¡ 
壡㻹ûɡһ⴫һӰϣСһﻹڰ 
塭ͽȻ£۾дڸǵĿֻš 
߹ˣҪҵĺӡ΢üͷҰˡ 
˵С㣬㻹ţ㿴ڳʲôˣѪɫһ֮˵ģѾͷ㣬ϧǰӣǵˡ˴üһֱֱĿŵӡ 
ȡЦˣųʲôӡ§ס΢΢۹Ųָû˿֮ĸ硣 
֪ѾͷˣҿѾͷҪô档Ȼ˵ȴڸǲסĵǡ 
ô㣬һúֵܿġ˺ð죬ŻſڣĿ룬ƺѲ 
תۼ䣬СѾǸСѾͷˣҲСˣ壬Ҳ御ˣҰѾͷˣҲò˰ɡһֱ۹ 
磡ô˵Һ֮ĸ飬Ѿ޿ɷָˣ۾Ϊʼҿ 
úúãҲ˵ˣ㲻Ҫ˿ˣҲòֻǣĲ 
ҵĲѾûˡϵشĻ 
㡭󣬵ʱһôĶ֪ε̾˿ 
ֻҪţʲôûˡֳָЦݣ˰ 
Ѿͷ㿴ãԺҺúТ˳ûУֶ˴ɤš 
õģ塣壬ϸ縧Ҷ 
ҾˣӸ㣬һҶˡĻӣֱˡ 
᲻ֵ帧ĳ 
ΪʲôҪֵأֵ壬ôлء 
ȥС棬㲻֪һֱĻЦա 
ͷ 
ȥȥɡ΢ŵ̾һķԷģŲţѾһֻ̤ײģȴԶƾɵԺѹȥʲô̫ͣġ 
𣿵˵𣿡ϲһѱסĸ첲 
Ȼġ΢Ц˵ȥɣҪ̫ 
ллĵرıسȥˡ 
Ըʱ̫ġ̾һն⣬Ǹп硣 
ҡԺһ𣿡˸Ŵ۾ȺϷĺǡ 
ǸҰӣָǲҪǲҪҰ档һָ 
ԣ߰ɣǲҰ档һһĺӶ˵ 
ʲôҰӰЩԵԡ 
ʲôҰӣʲôҰӡһȺӶЦã㣬𣿡 
ʲôֽԽˡ 
ʲôﶼ֪ҰʲôȺЦøˡ 
˫һ֪ԭʲôίһ˲ӿ 
Ҹ㣬ûĺӾҰӣɣǲŲûҪҰ档ǸһĺӴ³һѣһģˤ 
ǡôˣδܵ裬ܻ˼ңҪһʣΪʲôûΪʲô˽гҰӣΪʲôܵĶԴ 
۾ͨͨػˡ 
ˡ忴ڵӣʲôѾˣ֪֪ʲôҸ㣬ȫ㡭 
𣿡һʡ 
˵ȻУÿһ˶ֻҲ֪ﵽ˭ɽм񵽵ģҵһۿ㣬ͲٷſˣԣŻḧ㣬ֱڡһ˵֮꣬ȴƺֲ˼ꡣ 
Ҳ˵ûҪҰӡۿת 
Ȼǣ㲻ǻе𣿡۵Ĩȥˮ 
ǣ㲻ҵ׵ǰ壬ջ̲ס˵˺Ļ 
Ӧȥ׵ģ̫˽Ըʧȥ㣬ԲûаѰˣ᲻ᡭ᲻ֵѾʼ϶ҲЩˣȻǿŶ˵š 
Ȼᡣ˵ԶҲֵġ 
ǡǾͺãҾͷˣ㡭һҪǿһ㡭Ļûа취˵ˣӴԺҲ޷˵ˡ 
ôˣ岻شΪ˯ˣ˾˯ɣҲġȻµΪϱӣŵسȥˡ 
ھŵļʬ帯õζʱףѾˣԶ뿪ˣʱŵһᵽʧȥ˵ʹࡣΪֻܰݲᣬӴˣʧȥһֱõ壬ҲʧȥΨһ 
һǿģˣ˵ǸԶԶĵطģһúûȥġ˫һҰջվĹǰ棬ӴˣصȫѹССļϣܹ 
ᶨĿ⣬з·Ӱ΢ЦЦ  
                  
3 ޸
δһֱƣңɼȴŵΪ˰ѻľòÿ峿һλȻʼ׷һƣȴ˺ҹԣ۵׷ҲԶ޷κν 
ڰĴϣһõŮӵײײţ 
壬޷ĵһ߳ƾɵɽ壬岻֪򣬲òεİĵط 
죬ѾˣѾͷۻȷᣬȴָûܾ֮һǣ̫Сʲô¡ 
ֶڻ赹һƻͨ¥ǰ 
֪˶೤ʱ䣬ѹԼһװλĴϣһæ 
裬ˡԱŵСѾͷæ⺰ 
ŶһŨױĨŮ˷ֵŤ˹ߵߣ̧°ͣһۣ̫ˣûúÿСȥϴ軻·ٽҡ 
ûнӴׯ磬Ů˵ľٶΪԼ˺ˣԼˣǸСŮţԹԵȥϴ衣ȴ֪ǵļԺ¥ 
ϸϸϴϣһŵİʱֶеʺ㱻е쾡£˲ɵһ֧ŵİٺϣԲ˫ۣȻûг֮òʵŮǲˣھȻΣǼ񵽱ˡ 
ŽõġǮ;𱲻¶ϲɫع˼䣬Դ̣ԵɵɵӦⲻ֪һȦס 
һֱ͵ЦŮӵþһŰֽϱͿᱻɣСչһͺóԺúȵдӣԵ̨ʱ仹ж١ 
ڼԺס꣬Ǹܺã֪ΪʲôǲԸ׽ƺʲôطԣ˵ֻǸлġ֮رһһ죬ⲻ֪Уֹ˵ҪǲǴѾԦˣ 
Ȼ֪ƵĿ⣬ÿ춼ֵܿعţ˭ֵ徲οϲǴγŸĻ䣬£ÿڷе裬ңڡ 
ʮ꣬ԭα¶ˡļԺһصľˣǰ˴Ʊһʵٺϡ 
˵ôʱˣֶòãϼٵЦݣⶼһ 
ֶҵȻáһ˫۾ػش 
ôһæ𣿡ͷȥеľ⡣ 
ʲô£ֻҪϣһȻ֪թ۾һӡ 
ģһаٺϵĽͻȻˣ԰һ̨𣿡۷Ź˿е̰ 
⡭ԥš 
ģ̨ҾΪһɴֻҪݱɡȰ˵š 
ǡǺðɡڴӦˡ 
Ǿ̫ˣס̨Ҫ԰ٺԾӣΪǱˣס𣿡Ըš 
֪ˣ֡ϾԼ׳԰׺ôãôһæҲӦõİɡ롣 
գ¥ɽ˺Ħ࣬Ϊһصľ˵ķɡͻȻеӳ 
СôأҪȥ𣿡Ͼһĺӣô˲е㺦¡ 
ʲôʱˣ˵ȥɡСһֱϲ񾲵һֱܺãֻ֮أôĺټء 
ʱ𱻹վ̨ǰϲ 
λҲ֪¥ܾöûгˣ˥죬ǡ¥һŮһŮӣɷİٺϣһҲΪһķɲ¥ģһøλʧٺϡ̨ 
һŰµŮӻ̨ʧݣֻܿ˵۾ǣΣѾԲµһһˣǷ鴽 
ɴҺ񰮣ٺԵһ衣òװ̨±ǧ̨˳ҳһڡ 
ľ׺ܶˣó裬ӰƮ鶯Ͷ֮䶼ֳһֵַģ̨µ˲ɵÿóˣв԰Ρ 
һˣȫž˶ΪԣӵӰĿþ޷ɢȥ 
ǷǷŵز̨ո뿪˵ߣƵķɱԼķ䡣 
ˡѽųһ 
û뵽ôãĽ㡣СճյһޡһԵһֻһЦţҡǮȻûп 
ĵؿˮ 
ʲôҰæ𣿡óֽĨĨߵĺˮ 
ıֺܺã롭ɲÿ춼һΣ޳ܵҪ 
ôУһ˫ۡ 
ʲôеģ˼Ҷϲ裬ϣٴε̨ءһ˵ɣϱȰ 
֡㻹ұ˰ɣҡʮΪѡ 
ô˵ǲӦҿͽȻ䣬꣬ҵģ 
ǵģ֣ҡܡܡᵽϣһº˵Ҳе 
ã˵ģߡƲԳԷƣˣѾͷѾױĥˣ֡ 
֡ʲôϵӣʹеֵϵıӡ 
˵ȥȥһ޳ϣֻһ£͵ҧס촽ûнг 
ȥ㲻ȥ𣿡һһ޵سţһޱһ޺ݶĴѾҧѪžµǲԸ 
ˣְ֣ͣڴϣԷߣ֮ǰݺݵһ䣺Լú룬ôԼźá 
ڻȥԼĺãŷжô٣ԼʱΪʲôûܷ֣ȵڷˣȴҲѾ˻ڣ޷ˣһҹߣڲϵ˼ţôǷ֮ء  
                  
4 
һ׷ѰһΣȴңɼģԣֻ㾡һȴκνıܾϴ񣬾Զӵǵ 
ҵĹŮ𣿡룬ƤЦⲻЦ 
ǵģ֣ͨˣʲôҾʲôǵ̨кѣôΪҲأЦš 
ͨ˾ͶͲЩƤ֮ˣٺɰ󡣡ȻҲΪ̬ȿٵתһ뵽ҲԼͨˣҲͲʾˣ¶ϲɫ 
֣һЩҪ󡣡ؿ𱡣 
ʲôҪ˵ɣֻҪ̨ôԡ϶Կһ仨ˡ 
һҲʹҵı 
⵱Ȼû⣬ӴԺͲ裬ǰٺˡһֻϺһЦš 
á΢Цһ£ڶÿֻһ̨ٶ࣬ÿε̨ʵĿʾˣɴ 
Ҳ԰ɡ룬Ҳͬˡ 
Ҿֲ˽Գҵ塣˵һʱᶨؿ𱡣 
УУ̨ˡϴӦţȴ룺ʱɲ㣬ô͵ô 
ȻˣǺãҲûҪʲôʱʼ̨񶾵еһġ 
Ǿ쿪ʼɡѾȲҪ׬ǮˣԺעԼĳƺаٺϣˡ 
õģٺעˡȻŵЦݡ 
𱿴һۣƽ͸һ˿Ҫ崿ɵЦȥˣӦڴǰٺĵ̨ 
衭һӵ⴫ҿԽȥ𣿡 
ŶСɡٺվ˷ţ˿޵һͿС 
ԲҲ֪ģҡһΪΪϲ㣬ššС̧ͷһۡ 
Сû£ҪˡסǰСѾͷѴȫԼˡҲ㣬ⲻĴ 
Сȵؿǰʮƽƺȵ̨ǱˣԼ 
ǡ㡭СͻȻ˵ĻˣΪƺѾȫˣҪˡ 
Ҫע⡣򴰱ߣŴʻŭţӴԺҰٺϡ 
õġС֣һҹ֮ࡣ 
ٺϣ׼ǫ̃𣿡峿Żʹ˳ 
ˣ֡ٺϵЦŻشһƽ 
ôȥɡһ¡ 
ٺϵĳ֣ԾǾޣȻɴȴԵأһͷ㷢ɢûйΣֻһֻ͸һɫɴŵ裬ȻˣԼ 
һˣ̨͵޶á 
ŵŮӡһʵ̾һ˿˲Ĺâ 
ٺϣֻû㣬ֻҪ̨ӾˮһӿˡǮЦ˻ 
ллˡӰٺϵУ޷ʲôߡ 
ٺϣԺһҪһ㣬Ҳôꡣ𱿴Ǯʲôˣһؿްٺϡ 
裬һӣ˵ٺС㡣Сɫŵ˽ңԷͷСߴ˺ܶˡ 
ٺϣ˼أҡǮ 
ٺüͷЩ˵ˡ 
Сٺ˵װģطԸš 
ǡǡСͻȻ 
ˡͻȻƿһŵ˽ 
Ȼ֪ţΪλҪٺ϶ǳС 
ǺǣٺСĬֻǺ棬һٺСʵĿѡǸЦţȻ鵹ͰٺЩơҽꡣ 
ҲǺܻӭ㡣Ȼڶһ㷴УǣĪģеǳУƺѾʶһ 
ǣȴѼٺС㵱ĳء겻㳲ŭɴЦƽ͵˵ 
ٺĴһѲ֪ﵽȥˡ 
֪ΪΣٺСĳһ֮СԿһ˲ӿгһ 
ôٺˡȻ˵ȴе㿪ġ 
ģٺϳһôһոռӲĸо 
һĳе֣԰ٺС̬֮ô̻֮أ΢΢˫ۣһȻ 
ǰٺϵ£Ӻαضʣٺ˲ǧ֮⡣ 
ĳ档Ѿеŭˡ 
ӿĹһԸЦΪͶ·ˣϵĽݣһðΪ˶ЩӸһʳǣ֪жٿŮ²壬Ųò¥ 
ôҲ˲ŵ¥ˣΪȵɷŻ 
빫޹ءٺϵָֻԭȵı䡣 
޷ٺС㲻Ը˵գǣĳȷðٺС㲻˾̻֮أٺСӦʣĳΪСﲻʥ꣬ˣȴһӡ 
ٺллӵĺˣٺϲܸߡٺôԼһԼ˽أ 
㲻ôؾԺһᾭʲôʱԸˣһġ΢Цһ£Ȼ֪ٺΪʲôԸߡ 
ٺϲ͡ѾʧȥģҪˡ 
ڡ΢Цһ᳣ġ 
ٺϰҪעʺϣһСүǵϵ׵ܵܣҪǡ¥춼ˡ𱲻֪ʲôʱͻȻ֣һضŰٺϡġ 
ٺһۣûдĻֻ룬ǰΪʲôá 
Ѿʱȥˣ𱻹ੲݣٺ̲ס˵֣ˣһҪϢ컹е̨ҲȥϢɡ 
ޡúúãŮˣúϢɡðٺϵĶ徲һ㡣 
ٺ΢ŵ̾һ崲ˣôأҪǸүȥǼڡ¥һѡޱȣͷڳ˼ʵȴãȻû⡣ 
һҪõ֡국ЦţôеĸоŮӣڱȵˣΣǾԲֵġ  
                  
5 ߵ
һĿտǣѪ⣬ȴû΢ĴһãȻֱһУͻģĴܹѣֿУǰ 
Ѿͷҵˣ֪жô㣿һŻʵظա 
ȴֻǴվţ룬⵽˭ΪʲôôϤ 
Ѿͷ㲻ϵĸףװʢ˳ʹ 
ףûиףҲûĸףһҰӡǰͻȻֳǸ³ǸӵӰ 
ǵģ㲻ҰӣҾĸס 
סס͵𣿲֪ʲôʱʼÿ춼ͬΣ⡭ǲǰʾʲô 
峿͸ɴббϣΪһϼ⣬ʹӵ鶯ƺԭͲ硣 
֣ҿԳȥһ𣿡յ̨İٺķ 
ԥš 
ģҲܵģСһȥѽֻȥߣֲõġٺϿ𱵣ʲôЦˡ 
ǺðɣҪˡ 
õġٺϹɵصͷ 
СͰٺһȥúչ˵ţԶСʹһɫ 
䣬һ°ɫɴ£ɴСһˡ 
ⲻǡ¥ٺ𣿡 
һ˰ 
ʶð 
ǵȻϾǡ¥輫Ƽ 
ôã 
ǰֱû˵̫ˣϧһֻ̨һΣʲôȻܿ 
´Ҳȥ¥ˡ 
аүƽûдӦء 
ϣİǡ 
û˼Ŀأɴʾˡ 
ǿ۷׷ףһⶼǿġ 
ոĽʱеһɨգ֮õĺ飬Сı۲˵ 
С֪лεʿǸ̫ˣһҪŪε״ʲô 
εʿ׳кһʿ˵ʮ׼ȷܹεȴֻʮ֣ԵΣģΪԵƽ󲻵һΡ 
ǻм˼С˵ԵԵ 
˵׼Сҡҡͷ½ۡ 
Ǹ׳С 
ڡҴȥС˵鷳ɴȥˡ 
ãǾ߰ɡһЦСһˡ 
Ǿ޵ĿУ߹һƬ㡣 
ʦˣλŮʩСйضǰĴʦ˵ 
ðɣδ˵ 
Ůʩ룬ʦȥСжǾһ 
߰ɡСһۣȥˡ 
㡭㡭ԶĽʿСʦʱ۾ɵûԲһ 
ǡ΢΢ףƽʵЦ죬ַӦһμˣҲǣ˭ǰӺͽδʦϵһأ 
ҲԾˣνĹִʦĪǾǰ㷢ӣ΢΢һЦѵõƽʣ 
ʦɷҽΣ 
ۣɴʷǷŮӣͻȻеǰһһŮӣȻףŮӣӦҲһԵְɡ 
ȻԣС롣΢΢ҡ 
ʩȴС㣬֪ʮ֮ˣҲУҡ 
С㣬뽲һξɡ΢Цš 
⼸һֱһͬΣεһˣԳҵĸףҴûмֻһһֱҵꡣ˵ţ壬ɵ˸ 
ΡüƺڿǸò˵ 
ʦĪ֪ʲôһȼϣ 
˵˵ֻܸľ仰ģҪԼĿȫһӡ 
ľ仰΢΢ȴȻʮ 
콵 
Ů 
ǧת 
ƽ档ʮһҲ϶˵һ仰ֻʧȥˣΪ޷ʮֵĺ壬ǣǰľ仰ӡԤУһ죬ܹľԵĺ塣 
¥𱿴һһҡǮҪˣ¥ôȥ 
С㣬ٺϽ춼ȥЩʲôСĵ١ 
ûʲôнεʿ˵׳УǾȥ׳£Ժһֱ˼ӣ֪ЩʲôȻǾͻ˰Сʵʵ˵ 
ޡ𱰵˼ţΡӦûʲôֵģŷġ 
裬ҪٺС㡣ִֽȣˡ 
Ŷ巹ӰٺϾ棬ȥȥɡ𱿴ү϶Цһ仨æ˵롣 
ٺСԸˣֽȣеֵʡ 
巹ĶĻѽ巹Ҫٺϻвüѽٺϵķȥ 
Цߣ룬ٺٴμʱô뵽ɵõЦ 
ΪǱ忪ˣ˼ˣ´һٺϣ巹ˡȻ˰ٺϵķţ˽ȥ 
ȥ󣬿裬ϺõصʧЦٺС㻹Ǻ˰ 
ϧ巹òʱ򡣡豻˴ϣҲ䵭 
˰ٺС㣿겻ŭЦˡ 
Ϊأʣ˼Բڸˡ 
ĳǺܻӭȻ΢΢Цţûһ˿ 
巹ӻɣٺϻҪ衣תȥδƤ֮ӡ 
ֿǺܻӭأĳô˵߾أЦе 
㡭ߣ޻˵ˣҲٸŴӷ˴ 
ɴǰŲˡ 
ⰵ˵𱣬һôҲ벻 
巹ӣ㵽ʲôõ˶̲סҪˡ 
ٺСĳĳ̾ߡһԶ˵ı顣 
裬ˣˡѵ˵ 
裬ֲʡõҪĶЦųȥˡŮӣԽԽ˼ˡ 
ô÷ŹأһĻȡ  
                  
6 Ѱ
Ѱ氮ʱ򣬺ڰͻһһģһһȻ󣬵ͻ֪һ˲氮ߣ룬һתǡ 
ݣ绪ֻ㣻 
ᷣҹҹϸ裬⣻ 
ģǾܷï 
濣ǣƣκӡ 
 
ҹ巸Ժ͵͵̸ 
裬¶𣿡 
Ů֣鲻ݣյΨһϾǣǰصģͽˡ¥ˡ¥Ļһİ 
ûݡôܣȥ飬֮ǰʲôط국Цˣϲûݵˡ 
ǡಡһǸİӲˡ 
һŪģҵЦʮ㡣 
ʵ巹ͦõģһμͲϧؽΪԸȥɣܱıҪðСдʫȰ˵ 
ǶҲǣҲ̫űˣû˸ǷǺڰףֻԼȥжϣҲò£һʧ㣬ܾͻǧźްʫıˣĺ˽Ŀദʫ䶼ˣǣô׵űˣͬĴôܷڶΣ 
ðԼҲ㣬ǣܼ޸巹ӣҲǫ̃ҲܿˣЩɶǶкôѽСȻȰ˵ȴֻҡͷ 
СΪţһܵõҸ𣿲ˣŵŮģȻӵ˽ʳȻӵٻ󣬵ȴʧȥ˵һҪĶǾɣ˳ҲٿˡˣŴ⡣ 
ҲСϾǺӣ޷뷨 
ҪġЦˣСûж飬ôܶ 
ôܶҶѧСҡı۲ 
ҡðɣҽ㣬𣿡δ˽̹顣 
һһ͸ҵģ˵ǽʲôģø㿴֪ˡСһ̵ܳȥˡ 
־С治Цˡ 
ΪʲôСǱ־ʡ 
־ǶĻḧš־е㷢ɵƤںһʺá 
Ҳʶ֣ͿʼҰɡС² 
õģһڸҪסÿֵķ֮ԱơϰԶ̣Ǩ֮ר 
֮ԱơϰԶ̣Ǩ֮רԲԣʶЩˣ̫ˣԭôöСĵ㵸ҲЦˡ 
СѧģҪô֪𣿡˵СĶͷѵ˵ 
Ŷ֪ˣ̰ɡСͷȷöܼ 
ĸڴӲѧϻ̡ţСϸһ 
ӴԺг˵̨һҪ£ǾǽС֣ҲֵУСĺѧʹ˲ѣٲȻһһ˿ĽСҪҲϸСϻ㣬ѧϰٶȼ죬ҲᵽΪʦĿ֡ 
Сǰɱ᣿飬˾ͱ 
ȻСЦˣ֮ԱơϰԶ̣Ǩ֮רĸڴӲѧϻ̡ɽ巽ӣ̣̲֮ϣʦ֮衣ӲѧˡײѧϺΪ˲ѧ֪塣Ϊӣʱʦѣϰǡ䣬ϯТףִ꣬档ڳ֪ТܣμšұöԲԣ 
ԣȫȷСԽԽˣҪˡ΢ЦŹСĺܲأż칦򣬾Ѿѧôࡣ 
ǳȥɣþûȥ伯ˡѧˣСһܶණء 
ȥҲãȥ˵һɡ˵ͷ 
̫ˣСıȥˡ 
ͬҪ߰ɡС 
Сһˡ 
Ӻòÿ 
֬᲻̫˵㣿 
쿴ķݺƯ 
㿴 
С󣬿ǰȥСضס߶ˣǣСĻȺﲻˣĴѰңǾǲСӰ 
ǱСһҴкƯĴ˵غһƵĳ˹ȥ 
λ壬㿴һСٵСŮ𣿡һˣʵ 
ʲô壬㿴𣿡˵˿൱񣬡ϣⲻǡ¥ĻٺС𣿡ǸŻӳԾؽһʼ 
ûˣȥҡ̫ԾҪߡ 
˵үϣߵ𣿡ǸԳүЦſ񣬡߰ɣҪǸ¥ˣٻò 
ҲҪллүˡ˵š 
ҪҲҪˣߡһ֣ӣסû˶Բߣֻô󺰾 
ģˣҪˣɲҪүȿصĻٺϵ׳ʲôӡ˵һѳɴ 
Χ˶˾̾ԭ¥ĻһƽףѹҪɴ棬ԭ±˼ʧȥȤ 
ʧүŲף˵һ䡣 
ٺҲûҪȡүɴңǳѹҲ䵭 
ˣҲҪôƯһǳúðɣߡүҧҧתҪȥ 
šһ԰дһƮݵӰ 
ʲôˣүŭһû˸һĺ¡ 
巸꣬үˡҡȣ΢Цŵ˵ͷ 
巸үҲңүҪϲСøүǡүһ 
ǾͰ£ߺˡһᣬȴɵζ 
ǣǣСߣߡ˵ͷ뿪ˡ 
С㣬ּˡ΢Цš 
л巹ˣ巹ӿԽΪʮָмӡʼ 
Ҳؽ巹ˣͿˡ˵úܵ죬Ҽòˡ 
ʧ˰ɡܲϣǡ֡ 
ôأЦһ󣬡ƽһ㣬̫Ҫǧٱ 
ͺˡһ 
û°ɡСɱ˹ҵǸŷ㲻ˡ 
һͱ˴ˣ巹Ӿҡ˵ƺԼһ 
ԲҲˡСˣɴأ 
Ǹүժˡ˵Ŀе䡣 
ղ˵巹Ӿ㣬أСĴš 
ڡĴһʧӰˡ 
ԽԽˡһ֦ϣЦˡ  
                  
7 Ѱ
ǴƼ뿪ʼӵг֮ǰʲôǣȻӵ˳һ˲䣬ӵõһУƼ룬ʵѣѵǣܹӵпµͳƼǰһС 
ٺϣô£ΪʲôԽԽˣӻûһࡣڵ 
裬ˣҲģοҵ衣˵ 
ã㣬Ϊʲô¥òƽ棿ʲôʱժɴЩ˿ͱˡ 
ҳʱɴ紵ˣοҵƽʵûҴȻƽ 
㲻׬ˣһҡ¥Ļʲôдơ 
˼һ˿ 
ҾĳҹشЦ 
֣˵õġеżˡ 
ǵڣɲ㡣ת顯һķš 
ôҸô죿ʧص˴ϣû⡣ 
ҹƺر졣 
λŶѾ֪ˣǵĻٺϵòƽֵһǣˣĶ֪жҡ¥ٺϵĳҹ۸ߵã500̨ۡǰ꣬ɷнµһӡ 
600һСĳһ̶۵ˡ 
650һĺӡ 
750һ¹ڻӡ 
800ǮģȻڴסү 
ۿǮԽԽߣҲЦһ仨ү־Ǵ󷽣ûб800ߵļۣûУǾ͡ 
ҳ1000һŵ˵Ķ 
վ̨ϣޱڿʱгһ˿ʡ 
ԭ巹Ӱ˵˭ôءúúãٺϵĳҹˣ巹ٺ¥ȥɡӵ֣ƵߣԼҪ뿪 
ȵȵȡס𱣬ĽŲͣ˲˵Ҹ5000ӣҪٺ 
ٺϺôǡ¥Ļ5000еٰɡתţôǮ 
5000ٶ࣬ûϣܾһǮҲòˡģȴ˵вζ 
ǡҲҪʰٺͬͬѽֻһˡ 
ҡ巹ӣҸߡ˼һ£һߣˡ 
ðɣ5000ͿԴˡԷүǲ𣬻ŵΪ 
ִһűƱݸ𱣬ȻסˡӴˣûҹҹϸĶ䡣 
ڵϣݸһֽ 
ӯ䣬ƣ 
ΪˮΪ֣ 
һɪɪ 
һ䡣 
ᷭǣȹɣ 
ٻӰΣ 
һݺݺ 
׷һݴ档 
ٺϡ 
ʫΪôϲ𣿡Сŵһӡ 
ã巹ȻǺáЦˡ 
ϲͺã˵˲ٽ巹𣿡üûȫؽ 
ãꡣ˳شӦˡ 
ЦˣһƬᡣ 
巹ӣˡ⴫ 
õġ֣巸ˣ³ɣԺļˡ˵ذ 
꣬ôãΪˡǰ巸һӿͷһ˲ۿ 
ֽţߣҴ㵽ڲιۡ 
巸 
үһѾ߿󣬾һһ˶һӵϡ 
үǻˡ 
үȥﰡΪʲôôö 
ǰүɰЩ˵ĵĻˡ 
үүڲڣҪڰһܸˡϹܼŰ׻ĺ˵ 
λ˭֪˭һ䣬˵עϡ 
ү𣿡һѾʡ 
ǡ 
ôǡһѾߡ 
ޣʶǡ¥ǸٺϡһҶָ 
ԭǡ¥Ĺֲô 
¥Ĺôܰ¥ŮӴ巸أүǷԸ¥Ůӽ巸𣿡һԼ 
üͷ 
ֺ磬һžͿʼ۲ˣòʱһ˿֮ɫݼţ޷ 
ѽôܴ糾Ůӵ巸أ巸ϾǴ˼ңôݵ¥Ůӣֺ߽꣬Ҫס֣ȴ֣εͣڰա 
裬˵ʲôٺϡض˵֣Ҫѹ 
ŶͿСȥϢɡֺǺǵؼЦţȴǳôѵɺϣ 
Ƕɢֺ֮һߣҲϲǸŮҺܲ߰ɡ 
㲻ϲģҾһҪŪ𣿡귴ֺ硣 
㡭˵ֺͨ졣 
ûҾˣز죬һҪȥչ˵ת뿪ˣûпֺ˫ȭ 
ô𣿡ŵġӡЦ 
ܲ羰Ҳáӿʮϲ 
ϲͺãĻģס𣿡긧ķʡ 
ǺãֻǡĿһ˲䰵 
ֻʲô 
ˣû˽Сˡͷ漴̧ͷ꣬һС𣿡 
ȻԡֻҪҪʲôԵģ 
꣬лл㡣Цˡ 
˵ʲôлأôģγأ 
ĪǡһµġֺڰضסǸԼ󷽵Ѿȫˡ  
                  
8 ε᳾
δ¹Ҳδޣ˵ţһˣް޺ޣѡȴϣһжһξ 
峿 
һɫӰ裬ƻãȴȻ翣˲׽ӣתӯػ΢Ʈɴ΢΢𣬸ģֱذڶȻִزɷ 
һˣһ´һתһֺ硣 
ѵСˣûоɡֺ΢Ц˵ 
ȻûУ裬ܳءظоԼĵ⡣΢΢˾롣 
֪Сδֺ۾˺ꡣ 
ͷ 
ŶˣʶѡֺҲͻִ̫٣Ժʱʰɡ 
Ժлٺͷ˵ɡһ 
ʲô 
ŶûʲôĶѣС㣬ģȻطˡֺ꣬תˡ 
˵ʲôûе㣿ֺһߣͽŵʡ 
ûУֻǺˣ˼ѣ㲻õġЦţ꣬￴ܺͰΪʲô㡭 
ҵԸûҲԸһĻ 
㡭Ϊʲôô̧ͷ 
Ϊˣ˵ʱٺϸɣҪһΣһˣҪɡ͸Ĺġ 
Ҫ߰ɡƽ˵ 
ãˡ˻֣תȥˡ 
Ͼİ˰ĵظ̾ʲôܣȻܣʱˣ飬øҲңԶɡ 
ҪӭȢʱͶ¸³һ鷿Уֺ˵ 
ʲôҲͬ⣬ͬ⣡ֺͻȻŤˣԳڵı顣 
ѾˣҲ֪ͨġ˵꣬ת 
ȵȣҪӭȢһݶ֪Ů𣿡ֺ纰˳ڿͣס֮˵ΣӦŪȢ巸Ǵ˼ңôȢһ·Ů˽أ 
ллѣһŪӭȢ걳˵˵ͳ˷š 
ֺϣ¶һ˿Цݡ 
ڴǰǵĶԻƽͣͷȴ亹乡 
ո߻ءӡڻ 
ʲô£תȻͱһ 
ҪȢҵޣ㣬ʳǵӡ궯˵ţ˿ûע⻳˶ͻȻò԰ס 
꣬ⲻܡĻƽˮг 
Ϊʲô㲻𣿡˫ۣһֱԸΪǰģҲһֱڻϢϲãû뵽ַӦ 
꣬үĶӣӵеǻѪȴֻһƽŮӣεºСү˵ָֻⷬƽ 
˭˵䲻˵ԾͿԡԵֽ§뻳У㲻ҪߣҰ㣬Ҳںŵԣҵӣ𣿡 
ûлشֻƿ꿴ʹ̾һ룬Ҿǿѣһ㣬ֱԸӵһ졣 
ȥıӰãȷܺã˳֮һůǣ֪޷Լ˼֮ǰܼ 
С㣬ү˵ס븮УҪأɣȡү˵ͿԵˡһѾܽӡ˷ܵض˵š 
õģԺȥѾߵ˵ǣЦˡ 
һذ׵ɴ£ԳĳƮݵΣʩ죬Եþ¿ˡ 
үظ˸漴̧ͷֱǰү 
Ůӣүʮϣд󽫷緶 
ǡֳᶨ־ 
֪ϲ㣿үšüŮöˣΪ̰ͼ巼ҵĲƲ뷽跨巸ϣгһܹ֦ͷˣƽ׵ټ˵׼һֶΡ 
֪û뵽үῪżɽֱ£һ£漴ָ̻ƽ 
㵽鷿һ£л뵥˵үز׽һĻңɴ˾͸ȷΪǮˡ 
áү鷿 
巸鷿С 
֪ĿģģһӶ޷þٻ󣬵㲻ҪֶԻʮƱ߰ɣҪٵ巸ˣȥҸ˼ˣֵַع°뱲ӣҲϣʹࡣүóһűƱݸ 
үΪ𾪣ôң 
ʲô裿ӽΪǮ𣿱Ǯ㻹ǲǻ٣ү˼ΪǮ١ 
ү㲻ӭңʱ뿪巸ҲԼԸģһƽŮӣôܸʵСүֻǣүôǮҵ˸񣿡Ļ͸ķŭ 
㡭үû뵽˵һסˡ 
ãȻˣôˣھͳתȥүһȻıӰ 
һΣжϴ𣿡үþò⡣ 
˵ʲôΪʲôʰҪߣŭؽ鷿 
ûж˵ʲôֻǡΪΪǮſģ˵ҸǮߣȻ󡭡ʲôȥ꣬ͷɿ˳ȥ 
㲻ҪߣҪ˵ģֻҪӽٻ̫ˣŻ㡣ƴȰ˵ʰ 
ȻѾҵˣҲ߲ǸԳҵȷ뷨𣿡ûô߹ 
ԲǸòã㲻ҪߣҲû㣬ңҪȥأٻصԺ𣿡ǰ 
Ҳֻ֪֪ܵͷҲҪõö࣬ÿִš 
߰ɣҪߣǿסġֺ粻֪ʲôʱ󣬽⣬ûܳ 
걻ֺ޷ֻؿ巸Ĵš 
ʲôŭֺ磬֪֪˵жҪ 
ɵӣ߳Ե˿ͷȻĺãġֺЦţƮոȥķ 
ԸܻȻԶԭ㡣ֺȻתȥ 
ôٻأֺ紽ųһа΢Ц  
                  
9 ʵ
һжɣ˵ʹҲССķݣһУֻҪƼ룬ֻҪһ˫ĳᣬٶʹҲֵãٴҲھɫһ˲ʧ 
鷿ǰ׼ţȴͣ˰գΪ鷿˵ 
ͽˣһҪɱǲõģ巸Ǵ˼ңǮǵġֺѹɱַԸšѪЦݡ 
ǣһ쵽ɱ˵ 
ɱˣҪɱ˭Ȼɱ֡갵ţβɱֶȥ 
վסɱǰ 
ʲô£ɱֶһۣ˸ղǵ̸ɱ 
Ҫɱ˭ɣȴʮء 
֪ÿɱ˵ 
ղŹǵһ֪𣿡˼֡ 
ȻȥǮ£͵عءɱֵĿģҲû˰취ֻ÷ߡȻ߽鷿 
ҿɱ֣Ҫɱ˭ֺ硣 
ɱ֣ôأ㿴˰ɡֺװ֪ӡ 
Ҳɡ϶ֺõɱ֣ȴϡ 
ǣô뵽Ҫɱģ 
巸֮ĿĵڽţȴһϤ 
ԭС 
СôڿһˣȻǿġ 
ոߣͱҽӿͣûˣұһˣڸС檣ӹòءСĵЦЦ 
Ҳڵʱû۸ɡĵС 
ûУȻûУǺ㣬ŶˣǸİɣ̫ллѾʶܶˡСЦݻôı۲ȵؽš 
ֻҪҸͺˡ˵ֳһ˿˸С 
ô巸òҸ𣿡СǵؿһŷֲԵĵطôˣʲô𣿡 
С˵һطһ㽲𣿡 
ãǾȥ¥ɡ˵С֣ǰľ¥ȥ 
СɫСˣ׾ơССкš 
ϣλ͹٣룬СĨӣ֡ 
С巸үʱСߵغݺһӣΧ˶Ťͷò۹⿴ϿС 
ǸүҲ̫ˣҲŪˣô̰֮أʲôǮͽҲ̫С˰ɡС֪ʧ̬ԷСȻܼҡ 
ˣûϵģСҪʵϸ룬үҲпԵģΨһĶӣ巼ΨһΪһףĺҲпԭģ̫ǿˣϺүͳ嶯س巸Ĵš̾һ 
ȥү˵Сżˡ 
һߣôٻȥҡҡͷС뷨 
ô찡ò׽˸˼ңһҪƯ𣿡Сüͷ׽ãô˺ 
ֵزֻܹһһˡԼδصҡҡͷ 
ȻҴ㵽ǸӵĸȥС۾һ 
ɣСڲС檵ݣôٴ˵˵ĸϣҡҡͷͬС뷨 
СȻ취ԱߵȴѾ 
𣿡һĵʡ 
񣬼һģһһϡһһ֣˴ 
Сλεĵɫһ䣬ѣæ˸ա 
ǲһ룬ְѵ 
СľУǸɱֵĵؿڡ 
ߵķݣֱֱصˡСֳ棬һӾˣֽסڣѪϵ˾ˣãŷӦһ 
˾˲ˡСƴغǾƵѾȫĶӣûһ 
סȥҽݡС𽥽ʧȥѪɫĵҽȥ 
򣬿쿴ɣˣ첻ˡСһҽݣżضԴš 
ϣλôˣ˲Ѫ죬̧ȥ򿴵ôѪˡ 
õģŵ㣬ûµġСȻ˵ŰοĻʵѾżÿˡ 
ڸҡͷѪ࣬˲ˣ׼°ɡ 
ʲôôܣС 
ʲôһϤҴ 
иСһˣҸոǸҺûзСıһ˲ʮϲ 
巹ӣ巹𣿡Сȥ 
ǡŮӺϤǲ˭ˡ 
СǸߵǸС巹ӣȥɣͱһ˺öѪ첻ˡС˵ 
ʲôȥңһź΢ˣȴȥ巸ȻؼңϢ 
С˵ЩʲôѾṦȥˡ 
ǿ쿴ôˡŸոսսҽţүֺ磬һֱĶŵδƢ 
ĵȴһþһʱ 
ҩø¡һҽдһҩ 
ҵҩֻάһʱҩʧȥ֮ǰѲǡǻΪ׼°ɡΪ곤ҽŰ׻ĺ˵ 
һҪѹ֣۵Ѫɫգǰļ糱ˮӿ˵ж᲻ᵯǲɵʪۿ 
Ϊʲôˣ޹ʻеĿںʹүעŻԵԽͻʹ 
Ĺ˼ֻֻ֪˵ͻȥ֪֪жҪһû˵㣬ôߣΪʲô 
ȻûֺеܻȻֱײУұĴھԶһвסҲãһӹһΣɾͲһˡ 
뵽ֺ¶˲׽ĹЦݡ  
                  
10 δ
绪ˣˣȻݣȻ欣Ҳṇ̀崿ӣģΣֺξ峯ĺĺδȴǵδ޹ 
޲е 
кξ壿 
 
 
޷ݵĴڣ 
ֺɫ 
̣ 
Ȼ翣 
 
˭ 
 
ǹȥĴ 
үѾʮˣСѵģȥϢɡһѾ߿Ȱ˵ꡣ 
ɣһҪֱѾ˿񱩣ֻ̱ᣬҪһ˾ҡ 
ү㡭Ѿ߿˵棬Ҳֻҡҡͷȥˡ 
Ѿʮ֪𣿲Ҫ˯ȥˣѾ˯̫ˣˣҺ𣿡 
Ұ㡭ૣвͨѪ˿ 
Ҫɱҡϵ΢ŵ߽ 
𣿡겶׽΢ķӦϲӹһ١ 
ꡭɿ촽³֡ 
ס֣ 
Һú¡Ҫ뿪ҡ϶˵ţ۾ȴٳٲ꼸Ҫ 
֡ҪҪӿ͡ҲҪüͷƺʹӡ 
㲻Ҫ£ڣ㲻Ҫ¡ò˫ָ԰׵գһСȥ 
ꡭĺе˻ƣ۾ 
ˣˡסתѵ֪Ϊƣ뻹Ǽ˹ȥ 
꣬ܿˡӵסʵ꣬ᣬһᣬΪҲѰˣ򣬱˱޴򶼲һΪ᣿ 
ֺһͿ˻ʵ꣬ʧɫæطϢǰؿһۣв˱ডȴһֱĬĬһĲ̡ 
Ѻ󣬵һ¾Ҫȥ 
㲻Ҫ𣿡ֺ֪˭ 
Ҳ˭ҰһҵˣԶȻٲȻһơ 
ãҾ͸㣬׶ⷬ롣ãǸŮ˵Ůֺ缸ǿ 
ʲô˵ʲôʲôݣô˵꼤һץסֺ½ʧ̬ҡ 
ãļϣǿѪ̥ǡֺ˫֡ 
Ѫ̥ǣҲţҲţһƭҵģҪȥҪԼȥ˵ˣһ˳ȥ 
ܳȥֺʧ˴ϣô˵أôˣΪʲôϣô嶯أ 
ƿŴ˽ļǲһѪ̥ǣ 
ǣССںҩͿ귢һ˽ 
ͻȻǰסҰ㣬֪𣿡 
ἰ£е 
ǣΪʲôҪ׽Ūңϲʹࡣ 
֪ԭֻþġ 
֪㲻ǱˣҵãҵһŮ˵ĺӡֱֱ 
㡭˵ʲô۾ó޷Ϣ 
¡ôˣһֱһܣڣɡ̾һʼǰ¡ 
ʮǰʱ³ƻĵһӣڳʱ򣬺ʱѾȢֺ磬ǣ 
ʫ꣬һ֣ȴһƶŮӣҲܰĵ˵ҪȢţһ֣ʫ껳ĺӣڵ 
֪Ϣ󣬾ʹֺ磬ȢĻǣֺõϢ͵͵ز֪ӺδŪһҩһʹȴҩڸʱŽĲУҹʱѾǲʫ꣬ʶ 
»ʵǻүŶӣʱؽ׵˳ȥӴԺȫˣžʹȻˡ 
ֺȴ̵ĺҲûзŹչ˺ӵũƭߣӽɽУҺһʣģûֱӽɱŻᱻȡ 
ǸѪ̥ǣʫŮı־ 
ȻôĥѣţΨһֵҵķ档 
ô˵еˣмˣʪۿΪϲ 
мˣȴԶʧȥ㡣꿴ĿѾİʹ 
޷ٶ˵ʲôֻرס꣬ǣѾһµĹϵԣһҲнˡ 
һģһ㣬巼ҵС㡣ס֣ȴ˼ᶨ 
΢΢һЦһоڲС 
û㣬ô죿ʮСӡ 
ûϵʱᵭһеġЦţڽʵˣĪࡣ 
Ҳ㣬һҪ㣬ֱޡһ£ͻȻ뵽ܻޣȴܼ޸ 
ôУһҪȢްͣһ£硣 
ȢʲôޣûȢ㣬һӶȢˡǿЦȴޱȵ档 
ˣƶˣȥɣҵҩˡѾûҩ 
ȥȡҩ룬˳ȥޱȵĳ硣 
Ǿллˣ硣Цˡ 
ã˵ʲôлƺҺϲǹ˹ȥˡ 
˴ǰ΢紵£ģû뵽ѶԼİʱȴһγУңüţòţⲢһΣʵʵ  
                  
11 
裬ϦµĲлԣѣĿתȴ޴Ѱ裬鶯׽תǲ̣ԽԽΣգį޴ڣӣҲʹҲѾľת޲֧ģ΢˼ڴǰ㣬İ 
£紺 
ǲˣҵҩ𣿡 
ûУǲҩǳԺ֣֮ҵҩָտɴһҵˡ͵͵ûһ˿顣 
˭ȥ˲ 
֮ʥ顣һԾ 
ǻû֪ľסذٶжûܹų侲˵ţ¶˾ģΪֵһ 
ôΣգ꣬ǲҪñðΪáϢʱĹȥ 
Ҳñȥðյġһ£ȥ 
ɣôȥðգԶûа취ңҲ¡ 
Ҳµģȥȱ˻Ҫöࡣ˲ɡ 
ãҪȥҲУҺһȥȴʮּᶨ 
㡭ɴ۾ 
ҵˣǺεȵĲףȥˣ£һӶҪУԣҪȥҸɣ£Ҳġ˵۾ʼһһ¶ǵĹâ 
áڵͷһȥбޱȣߵһͬ⣬飬ͳ 
ţ͸ᶨĹâ 
εóв֪ҪܵĥѣǼȻᶨģ;Ϊ·ľͷļҡ 
ǰǰٶˣΣգңȥǸ顣֣һĵ 
ǣһˣ𣿡޵ĵʡ 
ûµģҼҿջңһġ˵꣬ʩչṦȥ 
ꡭ˵Щʲôʧ 
һҪƽüͷĵһˣǧ򲻿° 
ոٶڣ͸ܵǿҵסҲ޷ȫŨԽߣͷĿѣĸоԽǿңǵ뵽ֺݺݵҡҡͷȥ 
ϾǰٶȰϳ书ȴôֵܵǿҵĶȻֿԾʧȥʶ 
һۣ귢ԼһŵУƮŵľɲǺţڵİʮּ򵥣Կʮ֮ˡ 
ֻһ뷨 
ˣһŮĶ䣬ţһʮŮ˽ 
㡭ĪǾǶ飿꿴ǰŮʮ־档 
ȻԴٶ򵥰ϧҲ飬ѾˡŮܲŵشһǷ˵ 
ʲôˣô˵һӾͰˡ 
ιʲôˣͽܻڰŮʧı飬еĲ̡ 
㡭ͽܣȼһϣ 
ǰ𣿡Ůϣ۾ 
ôƽҩ𣿡꼱еʡ 
ȻˡŮ˵ 
һܹԼ˵ҩš 
ǰɣҵȻᣬǣҸҩôңŮƤգգ۾ 
ҡˡ 
ðɣҸҩͳҩͱңٶȻģûһһˣϵ˶ٶȣסʮˣԴҲûмһˣңҾͲµˣòãŮ˵ʱįꡣ 
ãҴӦ㣬Ҫңʲô֣겻ɵ÷ŵĪضŮкøС 
ҽ⣬أŮӦˣЦú¶ɰСѡ 
ꡣδˬرԼ֣һοʱǵڶĵˡ 
巡ꡭҼסˣȥҩһһĳȥˡ 
ÿɰıӰЦˣԼûʶ¶Цݳɡ 
磬һҪŶƭҡ֮ǰſɰС죬ᡣ 
ãһһ֤ 
ˮֻΪͣǸնˣȴΪסһȴ쳾֮⣬绨ѩ£绪ïֺαΪء 
һˡļٵ˵˵ĻУϲ 
ꡭڻˣҺõģû°ɡµȷû²ŷġ 
û£ٶʵʲô̶ѨĻţѾˣҴͽõ˽ҩ⣬ǸܿɰĹ˵겻ɵ¶˵Цݡ 
⣬ְѾ߰˷֣һϲǸˣȻΪʲôϻ¶ı顣 
ҲʱͻȻʲôԺ󡭡Ҳ㣬ˡ 
Ϊʲôֵؿ 
ҡҴӦ⣬ҽҩҾͽȥͻȻеԲסϾԼӦҪġ 
ûϵ¶˻ЦݣȥɣҩңҰȥͺá 
ôлл국Цˣô¡ 
ˣȻӦ˼ҹɲʳԣȥɣһڵءꡣ 
ǺãˣҪذȻŲᣬȴѲֻеľ 
΢΢Цţĺø磬ڿԷˡ 
˰ٶȣֻһ˻صһ뵽ԼϾͻеˣ˷ܲѣȴû뵽ʹ಻Ǹոտʼĥѣûоʹգıˣ᲻ϲ̵سķֱ߽⣬һ  
                  
12 
ضԡҲԶڽҲδйÿһξÿһεĲ̣ļǿδ䣬䣬ޣڲŸոտʼǾ̫Ŀʹһı룬ԸҲҪòľῴ̬ 
巸 
أҵŪȥˣֺһߺ޵غݺҡ½ʧȥ˰ӣһͨŮˣһԵүҲüͷȻ˵Ҳóܵġ 
㲻Ҫģû£ڰٶȡû˵꣬ͱֺһдϡ 
ʲôٶȣôֵطһˡ˵ţֺѾ 
ȲҪż˵û£ȥڰٶֻһĹϲǸԺ󣬲һ 
˵𣿡үüͷչ 
˭֪˵ĻǼٵġֺݺݵص 
ǧȷްԡ˵üᶨ 
ǣǺϲ𣿡ү 
Եɣɷ񵥶ү˵뵽Ͼмˣһ󼤶 
УֺֹˣȻͻȻʶԼʧ̬үҪ㵥̸һ㲻ô죿 
ûϵҲġүĪѡ 
лүΣүɷ鷿̸̸Цˡ 
үżȥˡ 
£һжˡֺţһϣһ˲ͻȻʧȥ 
үɷǵãʮǰذһλŮӣǿûˮ¡ 
ǵáүãȻҡҡͷ 
ʫꡣĵؼ˵š 
ʫꡭʫꡭϤ֣ǣ˭Ҳǵõˣôذүüͷ 
Ϊڵһҩү֪ҺΪʲôȥ˰ٶ𣿾Ϊ֪д˶ȥѰҩóõĽҩ 
үԥ 
үңҾẦġʹǰģװ 
ã㡣үӹҩ裬ȥ 
ôүʲô𣿡Сʡ 
ʫꡭʫꡭҼˣҵĺӣȴϳ˸һŮӣֻ˺ӡģأү˫βסļ 
ʫѾˣºԺ󣬾ˡҲƽ΢΢һʹࡣ 
ǰ뵽ˡүʧص䵽ϣôһģǣȴҵĺӡҶԲ߸ϵүʱݺᡣ 
үҾŮҾʫĺӣҵļѪ̥ǣ֪ˣѪ̥ǣʫŮıǡʼ 
˵㵱ҵŮү˫ָգֿʫꡣ 
ǣôм٣Ҳܲס 
ġŮôүϤˡ 
˽үĻУ 
˶ٿడԲ㣬Ժһúô㣬ίˣԲ㡣үˣ޵ذⲻ֪һ˫Թ۾ضסǸŮ 
Ҳšֺס˫ȭѾȵŤԼѲˡ 
үѾʽݣΪ˻壬ûиգ֣Ȼ衣 
õŸոտʼʹ࣬ĪڸոյõҪʧȥޣȴգ 
˵ΪʲôҪңֺһõֱָүĵȲǸŮˣòͨ޻ȴʶˣۼûһλȴة֮Ů 
еģȫУûеģҲһ䣬ΪʲôΪʲôֻʮ꣬ûаңȴصذ㣬ҵİֻʲô 
ҺǸŮˣǸ裬ǣҵһУҸ㣬ҵòģҲõ˵꣬õݺݵش̽үţֵѪЦȻγүؿڵĵԼؿڡ 
󣬿һĻǡ 
ʹ˵Ѿүϣ״ɵģողٵҸתۣȥˡ 
ʱʹ֪ףʹǸĿʹþүĹǰʹ˵һ仰ûĻûи裬ûнйʱǰӵңڣȴ̵ֱضȥ 
ΪʲôΪʲôҪĥͿѣǲǱĴڣݣԣҪһһʧȥˣԴͷ 
ˡ 
ǿһŮӣʹֱڣѾ˼ޡ 
ߣϲİ׵Ҳûȥ 
תΪŨŨĺޣ磬ʱֺһķ 
Ըȡκ̤ҲҪݺݵزڽ¡ 
裬ȴ 
𣿲Ѿʧȥе 
ô뱨ǣ˭ 
˫ӡȼŭġ 
òʣҲԶǣ 
ޣ·ǣƺϵѪԽԽĺޣرˣУĪǣǵҪɱ䣬ǷѾʼ 
ʧȥʶֻԼС 
û죬ûеأûֻȼյһһ룬ƽףȴƲʹľꡣ 
ڤڤ֮Уһ 
㲻Ҫǣǧǡ 
ôǡ  
                  
1 
 
ﲻ˼䡣 
𣿡 
ǣҲǵ 
ô 
ʤ˼䡣 
ﵽʲôط 
ߵĹ硪硣 
磿 
ް硭 
Ϊʲô 
𣿡 
Ȼ 
ǵ 
 
㽫ɱ䡣 
ΪʲôҪɱ䣿 
ɱ䣬ܵõɫ 
ɱ䣬ܵõɫ 
㲻ҪˣǸʹࡣ 
ʹࣿ 
㲻Ҫǣǧǡ 
ôǡ 
Ϧոմ£߼ȦȦϼӡ£һŸߴĽҰǵĶĽǣ΢΢γһÿĻȣÿһ϶ССһȫǵ죬ʮöĳǡʥ߳ǡ 
ǵһߴļ̨ļ˾ֳʺıȣվڼ̨һǣдʡ 
ͻȻ̨һâһӰӳڼ̨ϣӰӽԭ˫ۣʹ࣬ƺڿʲô 
ãüͷŽչ֮Ȼı顣 
תѡ 
ˡ˾ƽöȴޱ顣 
磿ͻȻʰ 
ǣŮӭ㡣Ҳû˿ 
Ӧô۲ָ 
ȸ㣬ӦصĹ򡣡˾һۡ 
򣿡üͷ 
ԣ˼ҲãҲãӦصĹûЩһжعڿٵǰӡ 
Ĵ˼һģкܶ಻ͬ±˵һҪסΥ㽫ڸС 
磬ûڵģֻħ顣㲻еκһ࣬Ϊǵе͡ 
ʱ˼䲻ͬÿһΪĸʱÿһʱַΪʱȣʱȺ˫ʱȣʱȵļһ洦ɼֲ򻨣Ӳժһ˲ʼɫɫɫһʱȺͻɻɫȻԶΪӣ棬ήֱժµһ̡ 
Ҳ֧Լĸ飬ûһָ飬ǰУԶܰһС 
ҼţԶҲٰһ˵Ͼ¶顣 
ֻܹɱ䣬ɱ䣬Ҫ۵ġ˾ضסעÿһ顣 
ô뵽ɱ䣬ųһ΢Ц 
ΨһĵЩֻܹɱǰ뾭ܵĥѡ˾һӱȡ 
ã˵ɡΪ˾ɫкξ壿 
ͨĿ飬㽫޷档˵ʱ֪ΪΣ˾Գһ˿Ц 
飿΢üͷ磬һж˼Ҫöࡣ 
Уʱܱħɱħǳģ顣棬ͱɱħȴľ˾˵ƽƺϰ淽ʽ 
˼Σյöࡣ˵ţҲ֪ܻص˼䡣 
ԣֻͼǿ𣿡˾̧ͷס۾ƺҪ͸ꡣ 
Ҳ֪˵ѡܿ⡣ 
һֱǿöħȣȻΪĿħļʮ򱶣Ȼڡ 
Щɱʲôϵ𣿡е㲻ͣ˼˾Ļ 
Ȼ֮ûħǿΪԶԶħȻȴͬɱ飬Ȼȡǵ㹻ܹԿħɱħԺ룬ɱ䡣 
˵Ŀʲô 
ɱ˾ȣһ飬Ȼһѷŵɫâذףڣɱ 
ɱذ׶׼Ǹؿڣ龪ֵذţֲסزٳ޷֡ 
ɱԶò˾̵Ļذ׵ֲø 
գ۾ذ׺ݺݴ̽ǸؿڣǸزҺһѪ˳ذţæɿ֣ǸֱֱµȥΪ־ŤɿתȥԸٿѪȡ 
ǲǾͨˣٿǸ޹顣 
ͶˣоǿľҪӲݣϲּȡĸоġ˾ʱһбһаȡ 
һҪ𣿡޷Լড 
Ҫɱ䣬ͱ븶ۡ˾Ȼޱ顣 
Ǹ۵顣һ˿ 
Ҳ˴ۣʹ棬ǣԸⲻ𣿡 
棿˼䣬ӵֻܵ˺еŭֱȼٴ𣬼ᶨľġ 
Լ룬ҪҪɱ˾һӱȣʧˣһ紵ǣվ壬С꣬үѪȵһĻ 
죬ңɱ䣬Ǹ̵ڽ¡ʯΣѪɺΣӵоٶҲֵáȻ˲ΪλҪӣȴֻ 
硭һ࣬ȻȴѤ׳ĽڶɱЩ飬ʹǱҲ޷ֻصĻʱģòľѲٸеãޣѾ˸ۼԶǣ˼ʹ 
ǳɫذףɢԼԼұĵâӣںҹһһ⣬ĵطƺҲ˹죬ЦˣȻƽˮ 
磬ѵõƽ 
ǲζţѾɱ䣿 
ΪӴˣҲħڡ 
ǣȴħӿ¡ 
Ƽ룬ص˼䣬 
ȥ룬ҲԸȥ룬ޣΪϹâѲͨ 
磬ļǿͬʱʧȥе 
ǶԣǴ 
룬裬Ƽɵ  
                  
2 
ϲˡ˾Ʈǰдһɫʡ 
Ҫȥû˾ԹԵ˵š 
ȥ˾Цˣزȥ˼ŲʲôʱΪġ 
ʲô˵ҴӴԺҪˣ¶һɱ⡣ 
Ȼ˾ܿĿ⣬ǣţһǧŻῪһΣԣ㲻ò磬̶һǧѣָš 
磬ҵ硣˵ 
кη˼˾Զ֪ΪΣһ˿⡣ 
ûס۾ 
ûС˾գǵģƭеģǣԸ뿪 
ѣ˶ߣ 
ûС˾һεס۾ޱ˵ 
Ըˡת뿪ˡ 
˾þõվӰʧĪһŨŨ꣬ˣǧһѣһѾ֮ĵŮӣҲǵһλɣŮľٴ룬ûдƽȴ޶òбӵоòΣֲܹʧȥĵôǣһʱӡ 
ʺıһƺһ壬ݺݵһ 
찡Īˣʥ߳ǵػ鰡 
ˣıˣ飬òбѪ 
Ķ欣ȴǶǵĽף޺£̤ѩУһʺѪһŴİֽϣӡԵġ 
һǧꡭüͷôζһǧꣿ 
ߴƺȵʲôǶһ 
ʲôȥϸز쿴ѩء 
Ȼһһѩһ׵ԲֻǱһ̶̵β͡ 
ء㣬ȻȵˡԲͻȻ˵ˡ 
ʲôֱǸֵĶ 
ҲǡʲôҽѩѩΪʲôôǸԳѩѩĶ̾ 
ħ𣿡۾￪ʼʾΣյźš 
ôɰôħأҪ˵ңһϡѩѩڿȥ 
ǡֵؿ 
Ǿ̫Сˡֻǧ꣬ҲǾɣһûмôľءѩѩƺЦ 
ҲǾ飬ǵСһȤ 
ʲôû˵һ𣿡ѩѩת 
ҡҡͷǾ飬ǿԳΰɡһڿеСһ˵̫ˡ 
ǿԣֻǡûκῴ̫СˡѩѩƺܲԸóΡ 
һ԰ɡͻȻСһС 
ޡѩѩԸ˵ڽôƯķϣһ԰ɡ 
һâƯѩ򲻼ˣһɰкվڵϡ 
㡭ѩѩû뵽ѩѩȻһкӡ 
ѽ㣬ǲǿСѩѩдʧ 
ܿɰǰɰˡѩѩ۵С 
𣿡ѩѩ̱ÿˣҾͲȥˡ 
źЦˣ˲䣬ʧȥɫ 
ѩѩȫˣۣ㣬̫ˣŮŶ 
֮һЦ 
㣬ҾˣҾ͸ˡѩѩЦ۾г״ 
û˵ʲôֻĬĬ˲ʾĬϡ 
㣬̫ˡѩѩ˵Ʈร㣬һûأʲôְѩѩͻȻͣ 
衣ĬƬ̣˵֡ 
裿úŶΪʲôǾأУյĶǾءѩѩ޹Ĵ۾ 
飿ΪʲôնǾ飿ͣ½Ųѩѩ 
Ҿҽѩ𡭡衭塭ѩѩָͷš 
壿Ϥ֣һʹ 
԰ǿľأǣ˵ᷳ͵˼ȥˣ˵˼˸ŮΪǲ²͸ѩѩԹԵ˵ţûзѾò԰ס 
ΪʲôΪҡǸŮƽʡ 
˵ǸŮתͻҲܺķŻôˣʵͻһǺܺõľأȻףģȥءѩѩ˵ƺܿĵӡ 
Ǹ磬ǲһӣܴ֣һͷɫľŬǸӡ 
ǰô֪ѩѩĿתϣĿӴʱһ㣬ôˣɫô 
û£û¡תȥѩţٴû˼ 
Զߣһ죬뿪㣬ǸʱһˣһҪǿ֪𡭡 
Ϊʱ䵽ˣͻᵽһԶԶĵطȥͲչˡ 
ģһĻҪǿš 
ѩѩ֪ղŻúõĽΪʲôͻȻ˵ˣǣǺܹԵţһԲ 
ԾǰѩĿȴʼղòͣʺĻϣҲȼգǣȼյֱıѩǣƽȴӿ 
һǧѣкξ壿 
΢΢Цţա 
ͻȻһᡣ 
ǿΪΪ壬ΪԼΪԼĺޡ 
Ѿӵ˾ɫٶĵȴΣȴһص˼䡣 
磬ֹް 
磬ǲпᣬǱড 
ΣıմȾﻹһƬ 
Ļʣ꼻һֺ֣αغµȴ 
һƬѲ˼䡣 
һִţѽֻء 
ȴ 
ѩӳ졣 
ƽӿ 
裬ǿ˹  
                  
3 
㿴ʥ߳ǵļҲءѩѩıǰ棬һ˷ܵض˵š 
ѩѩõӰ߿ʼģͻȻѩѩӰӺСصʰ߹ȥС 
ôˣѩѩͣס˽Ųе㱵 
û¡ҡҡͷָֻ֮ǰ䡣ʲôôټСأ 
㡭ѩѩƺҪ˵ʲôȴֻӥϡ 
þò˾ӥȺ߳аȡ 
𡣡δͣ½Ų˵š 
硣ѩѩĵس嵽˼˾ǰסĸ첲㣬ԭʶ簡 
ԭǸ顣ͻȻһֱƭա 
㻹֪赭Цˡ 
Ϊ˵𣿡ˡ 
ŶҲ¡ĿһŮϣһ棬ר㡣 
𡣡û˿죬һ統衣 
ԣ߰ɡȥѩѩС֣ѩѩǻóοɰ 
𣿡ѩѩĵԣ㵸 
ȻѩѩҲȥŮɣǺѩѩءһЦݣذѩѩŵһֻӥϡ 
ðһȥѩѩҲӥϡ 
ӥٶȺܿ죬ѩѩƺѾϰӥΪȴóһ亹 
ŮĹݻʮּ죬ʥ߳һĽ񣬴˺ܶ࣬ȴԵе壬Ӹߴش˿Ρ 
ŮˡʾѩѩȻرܣض˵ 
ɡŮʮᣬȴһֲɵϡ 
شϢĴһխСķ䣬ǷľͷһɫŮӣؿ 
ޣĵһ뷨ôôŮˣķԺһȣһ˫ܹǵ۾Ľë˸ţƤ׾üʰ͸״гޱĺ촽Ȼʮ࣬ȴԵʮº͡Ǿòȣֵһˡ 
ǵɡŮס۾ƺš 
ǡŮУ޷԰Σ 
Ĭ֮ŮͻȻһ΢Цгû뵽ɱô 
Ůȣҵʲôأ̧ףϾһ˿ģϣǰŮ 
Ҫȥ𣿡ЩӲ̬ȣŮ΢΢һЦһҪ⡣ 
Ȼ뵽˼䣬ɵս˫ȭ 
ȥȻףֻǣŮͻȻ͸¶ӵ 
΢üͷϲ̸ 
˼䣬һˡŮתȥı顣ֻ΢΢˫ƺй¶ܡ 
ʲôˣԭˣһ 
´ŮͻȻƽ 
һЦȻǿԣֻ˼е´ֺֹǧǧˣã۾һ˿ 
Ůҡҡͷ˼䣬´ģ֮⣬޵ڶˡ 
ãȻŮ˵һŮΪ϶˼ֻһ´ǿŮᶨӣҲˡ 
ˣˡŮ˻֡ 
Ůһһ󡣡ͷҪѩѩ 
ѩѩŮĿ漴ָֻ˾⣬ҴӦ㡣 
ոߵſڣŮ 
㲻Ҫǣǧǡ 
סˣ΢΢һЦ 
ôǡ 
ӭȥеʣôŮ˵Щʲô 
Ŀס裬ƭҡ 
ƭ㣿Ϊ˵ĿⰵˣһѾ֪ˡϻǲ䡣 
ҪǧꣿЦЦ 
ءܱŤתȥֱ۾ 
ǾһȥͻȻ䣬˲ɵζ 
Ϊʲôʲôã˼ǧٱΪʲô㲻ԸвŵʹԼδ 
磬ûҵĺޡ˵ȴǧﶥѹͷϡ 
ãȥĿһˣһںһˡ 
ʺıֿʼ˸Ϥʹˣɵģȴǲɵģ飬һ飬 
㣬Ҫ𣿡ѩѩ˸ſɰ۾ 
ǡĿⴥѩѩ 
㲻Ҫѩѩ𣿡ѩѩգ۾Ҫ¡ 
ȻҪѩѩһߡЦ˵ 
ҪѩѩһߣôУһ 
ֺηŮ׼˵ġվŸ˵㵸ѩѩ֪ΪΣǶѩѩһԸ֡ 
ȻŮ׼ʹ߰ɡʼ 
߰ɡ˵ 
á΢ŵ̾Ϣһ 
裬ʲôһϤıһ 
㿴ġûлͷ 
ѽⲻѩѩף˭ôûм𣿡 
塭İĵطȻܿϤˣм֡ 
ǸѾͷôƯҡ֣û֪Һ塭ô˵ôˣüͷ 
ǵһֱδڵ˵ 
Ŷ԰ôˣ֪תû뵽ȻǵҲΪ㶪ͻȻЦһ¡ 
˵壬ֿʼʪ 
Ѿͷôźúõľ鲻Ҫȥ˼䰡ͻȻôһ¡ 
ҡûͣȥΪ˸ 
ˣ߰ɡؿڣΡ 
ͷѩѩĬĬظѩѩƺҲоʲôѵùɵزֻ֣ǽס֣ߡ 
裬һ 
ص˵ͷֻͣһ½Ųͼǰȥ 
ؿһУ֪һȥҲԶٻ 
µĲϲãǿ־塣  
                  
1 յ
ڻصϤˡһȥѼʮ꣬˼˷ǣİȴʱʱ̿Ĺޡ 
ĳ嶯ȴЦˣ΢Ц˼䣬ֻǣԸƮ裬̾һĿ֪֮ò£Ҫˡ 
ͻȻ壬ЦˣѩѩǺƵһѩѩһһĳ 
¥Сꡭүֺ硭ЩˣЩԺһһҧѹסзڵĸоߣԴɱһ֮ͱˡ 
һȥʹģɱһ޹ʹ࣬ؿһʻǰ£ԼѾϰߣѾľʲôأ 
ѩѩ˼ѩѩ 
㣬һǾЩ˼䡭ӶôѩѩС죬˵ 
ûϵѩѩȥһ绹ĵطòãһ˿䣬ת˲š 
ðѩѩĵػش 
ĺʼƺݺݵشһ¡ط̫Ϥ˰ⲻĴ 
㣬Ŷ߰ɡѩѩ֡ 
ã߰ɡתͷһۣˡ 
ڽϣо˷ľ޵Ŀ⣬سнţΪ֪ʸнӡ 
巸Ȼڣþõվڴǰ巸ǰضſڵ֣ 
˺ܾãһÿš 
˭ſˣһҶģͷһۺ۾һ̹ҪүͰš 
áһЦȴǼҶֱ۾ðŻع 
һǼҶʹţӭ˽ȥ룬үԸ 
ѩѩ֣Ĵš 
ǡүҲǾޣȻƽ 
үɣСŮݼү巸Ź£Щһֱ⣬Ѱĸˡһ 
巸үе㱣û巸ˡ 
޹ʣɷ̧ͷỨϧ 
ԣȻԡүҲǸֱ֮ˣһӦ 
лүˡͷһ˿Ц 
أүע⵽һֱûгѩѩ 
ҵĵܵܣϲңһסɡЦˡ 
ûϵ巸Ҳǰ֮ϧ֪ưܣϧүһӢȴ֪ΪŹ£ҲļˣԺүҵŮΣүؿ 
үĶ飬ܻرеж 
ˣԺͽ常ɡүЦЦ 
常ɵؽһ 
Ů常Ҹ׼һԷүԺȥ 
үһŵСԷɵǣסġӡֱֻˣƸ󡻡 
ϲү 
ϲϤķ羰һһû˼ͻȻе˸Уǰүĵ 
ϲͺáүЦˡ 
ϲͺá仰Ϥ˭˵Ϊʲôô˵巼ҵŹ£ԥţľģƺʼҡ 
ĺ޵ֵز 
ȥ룬ҲԸȥ룬ŨŨİѾΧ̫̫ãòͷţһ 
Ƹ󡻣֣羰ɣȴһܰ飬ʱԼֿҲٶĿʹҲữΪ 
Ѿͷסûϰ𣿡֪ʲôʼүϲѾͷҲƺȽůҲѾϰƺ 
ܺáЦˣôϤ 
úþˡүʮִ飬ǸҰѾͷҲ֪ʲôʱŻʲôã̫Ƥˡү˵ʱϹҸЦ⡣ 
ʲôʡ 
ֺ̣ԲԣԸ񰡰ȫһүεҡҡͷ 
һɡЦš 
ƽѣһءүľòʱ̲ס̾ 
Ц 
һˡһŮ⴫ 
̶̶ү̱þϲ֣ȥæү 
һŮЦ˽һһ¡ 
̶һ£裬巼ҵŹ£㳤꣬ˡүЦ̽ܡ 
巼ҵŹǣôأֱڿ죬˵û 
ҡԥš 
̶үüͷ 
Ŷûϵģ˵ˣûжġ̶֪˵˻ͷ 
˵ʱٺүϸ̸ɡһ 
ۣŶ̶ʲôش¼һ 
ˡЦ 
㡭һд 
ףﻹ˭̶ֵʡ 
ſ˵ѩѩѾ˳ǽĽɣѩѩҿɰɰ˵ѩѩ¶һЦ 
ÿɰŶ̶Ե̾š 
Ҿ֪ҿɰΪҲ˵ءѩѩЦú档 
̶ѾͷԺǽˣҪúദүͰЦˡ 
ǡ̶ش 
ڴǰЦˡܽסôܣȴ̵ľǿҪһУǲܷġ 
ƻȻǵЦ𽥼ѣ飬ܱȵԼļҵů 
ԶĽ䣬һ֦룬ڹµص㡣  
                  
2 
ʥּһϸһʱ䣬˶˵ϡ 
֮Ůò绨黭һͨ׼빬ݣԽ޷ζ֮ǣ֮ڣǨ빬СմˡʥּϺϸϸ˵ּл 
ּлүӹʥּ򹫹һӡ 
ע⵽̶ɫͻȻɷף߰˷֣ǵȫѹ򰡣Ᾱôˡ 
̶ôˣɫôãү̶Ķߣĵѯʡ 
̶빬̶˵ţ 
Ϊʲôү󾪣ǿּ֮ﰡ˵˵أ 
ʵŮγţٵˣ̶̶ܸ˵ó 
ǣ⿹ּҪİү̾ѡ 
常̶ңȥؿүĿᶨ 
㣿үˡ 
ǣʥֻּ˵ǡ֮ŮδŮŮԸ̶빬Ҳǣ常֮ɡᴹ˵ͰԹ 
㣬Ըң̶ҵһ㣬ȼϣ 
⹬ţˣɾҲˡүȻ۰ŮҲ۰ɵŮⵣġ 
ǣ֪ҲҪ̶빬ⷬ˵ޱȼ 
лл㣬㡣̶мؿ 
ЦˣҲҡǲǾӦƽػţҲҲҸǣֻҰģգȻѡȾѪĵ··ĥѣҲЦԣˣ̰ˣֺαͣһô޺񲻸ã 
㣡ѩѩ˳С죬Ҫȥ 
ظ˸ѩѩͷЦˣѩѩܽ㵽ᶪѩѩġ 
áѩѩֿĵЦˡ 
ôѩѩȥʰòãȥǸ绹ĵطջȴĺСǻ 
áѩѩıˡ 
¶һĨǵЦ 
СϸʹĹ 
ߣɫվţâ䣬ޣһڣЩȴȻʧɫǵֻ֣ޡ 
Уֻϲڵڣֻа׷Բԣ̫ڵ֮ϡ 
Ůμ̫󡣡һ˲ʧ񣬵ȻЦŶ̫ʩ 
ض񡣡̫󿴵һ˲ƺų˹ʣô޶˵ŮӣͶ͸¶Źɬ֣ȴִ󷽵壬ŮӣĻʶӦ˰ɡ 
Ƿּǰϣ֪ںδеľ⣬һ 
˳Ůӣ󵨣Ȼֱӵʻϵȥ 
̫Ц⽥ʶֱ⣬ôŮӰŮӣʶҪôޡ 
ʶ岻ʣڲϢ¾ɰҾˣҷΪΣ̫΢ЦţŮӣһԴ򶯻ʶġ 
һƾ̫šǳЦţܺá 
ǰҾͻɡ̫ʮҲϲ 
ҡͷĬƺ 
Χɫ죬ǲʺ;죬Ҳ̫νҲǾ˲ѡΣģ裬ȴа취̫׵طΪӣǿĵֶ֣һˡ 
ߵѡ֮¡ 
֪ĸָһʲôŮӣôˣҪң淳ӹؿϰ̾ţѡ±ֵȤȱȱ 
˭ǻһˣҹκһĸ϶̫żˣֻøô࣬Լ˭ϵһϡͻϴС޻̸˽ûо֮֡ 
Ƕ̫ûɫˣһֻᰢķУʵ೤һɫƤҶѣĿȴûһڡ̾һ 
Ů˶ѣϻǲҪָôˡҡͷϣʲôãǶûڵŮû˿ȤԲһֱϳ 
ŮҲҪںġϴһǷ˯ 
ˣЪŰɣˡŹǻȥˡ 
ҪŮӣʲôʱְܳ۾̾ 
㣬Ŷı绹Ҫءѩѩתʹ˷ܵ۾Ź⡣ 
𣿡ĵţ̫ŵعϤ 
Ľɰѩѩһ˵š 
ѩѩϲĻԺȥòðתһֱѩѩͷ 
Ȼѽ㣬ˡѩѩĵܡ 
ŻõѩѩͻȻе˸УҲаÿһ춼ÿ֣ǣǣʲôʱıأҲ뿪һ죬ҲǱȵ̨һ죬ߣ̵ɱЩ޹һ죬棬˽ãѱصĵףǣ٣ӵ˾ò 
ϼݵϸִ˹ 
ߵϡԾ죬̫߹ʶŮûȤ󹬵δһˣǣôôأ 
ޣҲĵһоܿƽʵкأ 
񡣡Ȼеʣ޷شѵҪ˵ĸ컨׹Ҫĸ޳Ůӣʲôӡ 
кҪ£΢΢һЦԭӲˣеõġ 
·ѣԽϿЦ⣬е㲻Ȼ 
ȻûʲôҪ£ȥæˡ˵꣬תعڡ 
ϼֱţһӵ˹⣬ԼȥˣĹڣһһֱճòˣʲôʱܵȷʵеڲͬ 
߽ڣЦˣȻŮûȤҾͱֵýĶˣ㲻֪пʼע֪һӶѡ  
                  
3 
ҹʹһһ 
һӰڹпٵشУҪʲô 
£ȴһӰɻؿţӰ׷ȥ 
ǺӰһֱܵ԰ŵظϣҪʲôô󵨣ҹʹ 
԰Уںɻرߣųˮ¹ϣΪ޾׵һɫվӭ¹衣 
㣬ɷöڰĻȫǸӰ£ֻУ޷԰Ρ 
һˣϼҪΪƣգȭͷһգתȥ 
תϸողǸ䣬欵һЦ֮ΣǻᱻȻ󣬵ݵҽµʱ򣬾ҳɹһ̡ 
鷿УϾþòƽŮӣĲ򵥣δô裬Ҳͽɡ 
ǡ峿һ۾Ϳİס 
ǻҪģҽ橡һŮṪʮֹ˵ 
Ҫһ͹ˣȥɡ֣ҪôüۼҪö࣬橵ģ̫ʵҪɴ£Ҫһİ־͹ˡ 
ūɣҪǸū澻ȥˣһΪūչ˲ܣɱū澵ģū°ɡ橾Ȼͨһ¹˵ϣ 
˰ˣ¾°ɡ橣е䡣 
лĨһᣬվ 
ҵ𣿡˵ 
ȻﲻôūӦģ˵ū澳ܲ𡣡æȥˡ 
߻һ˿Цת˲ţŮİɡ 
ͻȻеƣ룬Ŷͷеҡҡ׹ 
ˣѩѩչˣеƤҪСչˡȥ 
ǡ橵͵͵ػش 
ƺһôôϤ 
ת֮Ѿʧ 
ЦҲ̫˰ɣԣ˻þ 
УһŵӰģңɼڵ΢Ц˵ҪһУҶ㡣 
㺹죬еӰȴҲ䲻 
˭ΪʲôĻţ 
ϼݵ 
檰ݼϡ΢΢ǷʮŴݡ 
޸㰲ŵŮ⣿˽ 
ϰŵģ檵Ȼ⡣˵ 
Ǿͺáһʱ䣬ϾεĳĬ˵ҲһԲֻĬĬߡ 
Բ޻ϰûһ 
Ŷüôͺô 
޽磬˽ͽҷɡؿ 
˵ǾˡһЦǡ 
á̳ЦС 
ͷȥеһ˿⡣ 
Ϊҵһ𣿡翴Ŀеԡ 
岻ʣٵɡӦͻȻһѣϮüͷֻþܾˡ 
ȥϢɣʢ˵ġ 
ãҲȥϢɡ֣عȥˡ 
ת뿪еĳ˲ʧ΢ŵ̾һ 
崲ϣǹһ˿ЦˣҪģʲôǵòأ 
㡪ѩѩܵĴߡ 
ѩѩôˣѩѩĿ͡ 
㣬橽˵ϲһˣҪƴѩѩϲ㣬ѩѩƴģòãѩѩ̧˵ 
áһЦӵϷԶѣα̫أ 
ѩѩĵЦˣΪһϷԣѩѩȴ棬Сȴǿ 
峿 
 
ôôˣ԰ɢŵ˹ɺЦ 
㣬͵͵ܳġ˵ţ￴û˸š 
ӣһӻҪ𣿡ǳǳЦˡ 
Ȼô˸ţʲô˵ֻһ𣬶ð۾˵š 
ûҪæ𣿡ߵߣʡ 
æˣ㡣üͷ˵˽㲻ؽһ𣿡 
áݸ 
ǣһе 
硣ؽһܺĳƺͻȻһ˿ 
֪֪Ϻۣߵ˶ķ㣬Ը㽲ĻϵĻҲܶԱ˽ôαߣĺۡҲ֪δӺζȻԶĵؽЩ 
˵š 
·ĺߣΪλã׽˶ᱳ㣬λϣע˹¶ӵеһУǹ߶ѣܹĵжأ͸޵ļį 
磬ҡһƮĶʣ˲ϣ 
㣬𣿡ɻؿϾĿһ 
磬ңʹͻȻᶨ˵ 
лл㡣ЦˣĵرסһҲػ 
˾þõӵţҪԣһĪΣҲԸµѾõ顣 
̫ݵ 
ӵŵ˷ֿˣһĻñոսŵ̫󿴵 
ŶʶǼߣǻع̫תߣεˡ 
ҡȻعˣϢɡ˵꣬Ƶسع 
áһƽѼ˾κˡ 
ͻȻһ巵ӣҲþõӵˣõȴʹҲһ־Ѿעˡ 
û˿ת¶һĨεĿЦ 
Ķˣעòİ  
                  
4 
Ҳûеô򵥡 
ҹ 
Ȼϡ߽عڳϸϸĺ顣 
ãأЦˡ 
橶ˡ 
ҡӹŨŨ 
ūˡ΢΢Ƿ˳ȥ 
ֹ 
ôüͷֳֻþˡ 
Ƿū澣ҧ´һһֵ˵˳ 
ô˵̫˰ɡһŤȥ 
橵۾ضס֪ʲô֪ 
֪ʲôͻȻеĻţԵظо橲Ǳ濴򵥡 
֪롣橵Ļݳȴ 
㲻һū澣ô²룿˵ 
Ҫ橵ʮƽ 
޹ءһӣȥ 
ںૣûǸϤûпһį 
磬۲ۣ߽鷿 
Ҳۣôˣ翴ǰһе¡ 
Ұһ̲ģȡϣ߹ȥ˴ӣС壬Ǿ֮𣬿ɲܵ° 
ллһܺúȡ 
ϲͺˡǳЦţ翡ݵĲ 
ûкҪĶ 
ҪĶĵһûУأ 
СƮԶ뿪ʹͨ˵ 
𣿡е롣 
ѣ̫ˡԳƵҡҡͷֵͷź¡ 
Ҳһ֮ 
ߣЦһ£ˣô죿²ô죿Ŀڲ𣿡 
Ȼٹ٣Ȼ᲻²˹ôһͨˣ 
Ĭá 
Ҳ˵öԣʵ۵£Ҳ᲻ˣۡҲ밾ȥ绺ſڡ 
һж˵һΥĵĻ 
ǰһжȴĵظ̾ 
ˣҪȥˣϢɡ˵ţҪߡ 
ס𣿡 
ҡûüشѾӱס硭 
㣬кξ壿ૡ 
磬ˣȻûв 
Ҳǿ㣬һȣȵԸΪֹ߻ǰú¡ 
硭۾ת鷿š 
Ŀ⽥ʧȥ˽ࡣ 
仨⣬ˮ飬ȻΣʹԸΪһУģ翣̺ˣ绪ïȴΪˡ 
عУػš 
кηԸ̣橲֪ΪΣƺѾûлˡ 
衣⡣ 
ǡûжʣҪʲôˣ˾ͻһ³ 
عˡͨкζ֮顣 
áһЦʼջģµ׼ˡ 
áŨױĨŮ˽ 
ϧ̣ϧҡҡͷ 
ںкءߵѾͷ𻰣̲סһ 
֪ػش 
Ϊβ𣿡ӿڵ 
ʲô£ֱ˵ɡһЦöˡ 
áɫһ°Ҿ˵ˣУ˭̻ϣ㲻ҪΪڵóˣͿԶó裬Ҫ̫ˣвֻһŮˡ 
Ե춨ֺαǿأУƽûһ˿ 
ûԵֻ֣ٻĵ˵ 
ٻҪģֻٻ𣿡Ц 
㡭סˣŮˣҪĲֹٻ 
У˳ߣߣ߻һ˿̵Ц⡣ 
㡭Ϊʲô˵ʱΪʲôô 
תһ˿˵㴥ŭʥգҲҪҡ 
֮Ůˣ뿪ˡ 
һ˫ʹӽסӰ΢ŵ̾Ϣ 
橣ʲô䵽˼㡣 
伱ȴû˿ңҪˡ 
ѩѩſѩѩϣС԰ף۵رסѩѩô£ŭ 
ˮˣҿʱѾˡ侲ػش 
ôչģ۾ѩѩŭ橡 
ū澵Ĺｵ£ȴû˿ 
һήģڳȥһ㡭ѱˡ 
ǡĬĬ£лǳ 
һ㤣Ϊʲô 
Σ߳ҡ 
ȥչ粽롣Եеƣ 
ǡ橵ͷ߽ҡ 
ĿӴһɲٴʧôϤ 
תЦôܣ̫˰ɡ 
ֻһ˲Ȼ䣺˭ 
 
ضʲôɵ 
ҡƯƣԵúܲڡ 
Īǣ㱳ңͻȻ঵Ѫ 
ҡûСϣһһţ亹 
ϼݵ 
ϣʲô঵ıͻȻʧؿһۣͳӭӻˡ 
һ̱ڵأƺеͻȻʧˡ 
˳ߣߣ 
仰ߣþõػ졣  
                  
5 յ
硣ƮĶʡ 
ʶصعȴһʱ䲻֪οڡ 
󣬽ȥɡЦתϰߵס֣ǣ⶯ȴһ 
粻ٳɣķһһֱֻۻʣڻУգ૵˵û㣬Һù¶ 
ͻȻǸұˣĵģܸоġ˵飬ȴԼƺĻڻ뷨ϧת˲ţԼʶ 
ǰⲻҪĽҪרܹﵽĿİΪʲôܲ˿ϲãзһֿɬӿأ 
һΣԼľ˻ɡ 
ҲҲܹõҸ 
Լ뷨һҡҡͷôܣȻѾܸı䣿οǾܺһأ 
磬߰ɡĻһˣתȥǰߣǣ֡ 
Ĭţٵǰ˼硣 
˶ǳĬ£ͻȻһ֣ʩչṦһطȥ 
ҪȥûоȣҲûк£һǸоܰģ˵ԭ 
֪ˡͷһЦ͸ĪĽ 
Ҳûʣ֪ⲻ޷֪ġ 
ʱĵס۾ 
۾ػɵһɲ˾ȻǾȡ찡ڻ 
ô𣿡ȴޱȵƶ 
̰ܵķ羰ôĵطǰδ 
һƬĽѩ׵ĽƮɫĺ̲סУϸϸܡ 
ܿƵأмȥһ޵ɫĺʱһζߣȴоԶԶ׷Ѱ 
ףôǶôЭĻ档 
ģһ̣ˡ 
˼䣬Ѱһ氮 
׸òãܷ֣ܲ 
硭ϣ¶ĵҸЦݡ 
ϲ𣿡絭Цţȥ 
ϲͷ̫ĸ顣 
û˵ʲôֻӵ뻳һУ㣬ɺãᣬﾹһ 
þõĳĬ 
Ҫ㣬Ҫ㡣Ὺڣᶨһߣӣջθ룿 
áлһ˿ʹת˲ͻָƽգҴ㸰ٻᡣɿסֱۣ 
ٻ᣿̧ۣ 
Ҫ㣬ҵĻʺ󡣡Цг˲ɵİֻҪθٻᣬڣŷ¡ 
㡭ˣ 
Ը𡣡ȴǿ϶ġ 
áص˵ͷһоڲС 
ⲻҪ𣿵ǡΪ˿ɬˣʹΪ˭ 
һӵ 
ƺ糿£ɵЦš 
ûб̧ͷϡ 
û𣿡ĿɨţͻȻĿ䵽һ񻷣 
Եеҡ 
㡣Ŀת⣬³⼸֡ 
л˺üͷ̧ͷ񻷣ϲˡ 
ôãҲϲ㻹Űɡת 
㡣һõ 
ѩѩһЦƤ⼸ʲôȥˣ 
ȥˣ𣿡ѩѩƤһͷ 
ȻһѩѩɰСӣżѣѩѩѾ˻ʹĪʧ٣ʼе㵣ģϰˣҲȥˡ 
㡣ѩѩƯһȦһȦתš 
ǻʹüͷ֪ٶһ˷֣鷳 
ʹûˡѾ֪ʱȥѩѩСһƲ䲻ԸǹԹԵˡԴ󣬾Ҳû糣Ϸˣ֪˼ô鷳ĹأͲˡǽƫƫҪû˼ 
ѩѩ˼䲻磬ҪСĲźã֪𣿡˱飬΢ЦŶѩѩš 
ŶѩѩǾ죬ѾûôԸˡ 
ѩѩչǸ𣿡 
Һܺðأ˵ǰ£㣬ǰʶ𣿡ѩѩƫͷ 
ǰ¡ǡǣΪʲôأ  
                  
6 
ǰ¡ǡǣΪʲôأ 
ͻʹĺʼǸص橣ĪǡС 
ǼʮˣСûҲӦһѮ˰ɣΪλģأѵһ뷨бų 
һӣתѩѩȥտĽҡ 
áѩѩıسȥˣûע⵽ϱ仯˵ı顣 
μӱ󴫳 
͵תһ˫ϤӣģģȻڲϳ 
СЩ𣿡 
СѾˣֻ橡橵ƽ޲ǲĽëȴ 
СңΪʲô㡭֣橵ֽա 
ôˣСÿʱÿ̶˼һ⣬תʱ򷭣ԣżֻأ˹еū澣ǣȻòıˣҲô࣬ǣһû뵽ȻܹϤˣҲū澺Ψһİο 
ҪҶһΣȴûϳ橸ֳһ˿Ц㵣ΪʲôƽˮǸÿʴ󷽵Сأ֪СϤͬʱҲеİ 
Сֻ֣ʼʱԼ֣û֣ʱϤȴԼģڣˣȴȻôʵ 
ҲǰǸСˡ橵ӵйһٶѿһУأҲ𣿡 
ҡѹ֣ᶮҡͻȻЦˣѲţΪ¿֮ʱ 
ңȻ㡣͸۾һĨǿͼ̣ģ٣ƺԽʱ͸ѪǴӺζˣҲģĸпɡ 
ãô𣿡ᶨ 
Ȼϣض橵ЦѴ⣬ֻҪҪģΪᡣ 
˼ᶨĻشȴãˣͻȻֳһĨȴֻΪӰҪ 
Ҫôüͷ 
㣬кξ壿Ļ 
㲻Ҫǣǧǡȴĵףĳޡ 
ȥδӣ 
橣ȥϢҪһЩ¡еƣ 
ūȥˡ΢΢Ƿš 
ȵȡڱ 
ſڵӰס 
û˵ʱ򣬽ɺã˵ 
á橴ųһЦݡ 
Ȼδʧ 
ѩѩֳȥˡ 
֪ˡԸ˵ͻȻĿҲǱѰɡ 
ʲôԸū澸ոտ橴߳ûжɡаŵǡ 
ҽġĴݳһ˿ЦģͲԼɡãȻҪϷȻ㵽ס 
Ŷū澶ˣūˡһ߳š 
΢磬ɢһıড 
һ 
һˣڸôأЦӭ䵭ؾǧ֮⣿˼ţͱһůĻ 
硭ૡ 
յİٻᣬаգ֪裬ضȴ̲סҪʡ 
õģаաЦţղŵ뷨Ѿ׵˾⣬ֻúô 
ҾͷˡԴɳƣø 
磬˼Сģȥɡѹסĵ׵ļ¶Ļ 
ҲáͽȻţյģƺûֹͣˡ 
Ҵȥɡеκˣ֣԰ȥ 
һԲǣţЦһǰﻹǸֱǵҪǳԵСӣһϲǣ 
һ͵ļįӿʹߣоȴȻôңɼ粻ɵ֣֪Ȼڣûȥ 
ʹüͷͻȻôסʲô 
ޣԲʶԼʧæ˶ǯơ 
ϣȻһĵŮعĺ԰Уһ磬ϲŤȥ޹ǵϡ 
ôüͷŮ˾Ȼʱ⡣ 
֪ҪԾ˵Ⱥ򡣡Ǹе⣬ҲԹޡ 
عüͷֻʺĹǻȻɣֻô˵ط 
ôģǵǰ˵κ˽عġ 
ϣ͵Ⱥڴˡḧţȴ˿Ϊ֮ȥ˵ 
ϣ㵵ǰ䲻ǵȴҲû˾飬Ϊ𣿼֮ȼ 
˵ˣȥдͲ͡ 
ǡҧгݵȥ֮ǰݺݵһг޺Ͷ⣬ƺ˵ơ 
һ˿΢Ц붷 
ѾʯϣһµСƷţܺóԣ壬ڼ𣿡 
ǡߣЦš 
治ϳͣʲô㲻أ 
ЦȻвĶ磬 
ǣģĻǱ 
һɲǵʧ񣬱羡۵ףı飬Ȼƽ˲²룬ϾǾ£ôأ 
ˣֻˣ 
  
                  
7 
ٻᡣ 
ٻӭ裬Ϊɫֻǣ˱Ȼ֮УȻ֮òȴ߻գǻᣬ˵ļǷֵŤϸ֫һܹͷأٻ˭ףٻζʲôɵΪȺ׵һͻѣǣٻΪ˭죬֪Ҳȼˡ 
ϼݵ 
ꡣе 
ҲŹȥ΢΢üͷϲ¹򣬲˭ǻҲһ 
ķӳ羡۵ףṴ˹ǣƽɡҪˡ 
ڻ֮Уһĺ죬ȻôĿȻϰߵƬ룬еãôаĵɫȴϲŵĽ룬һˣ 
עĿ⣬һЦźͰͬʱ̫Ҳ΢ЦƺҲ 
գ޾ٰٻᣬϣ˻ᣬͰٻŵͬʱҲΪٻ˰ɡ˵꣬ζǵɨţ䵽һ 
ϣĶ׳ˡ䣬վ˳ 
ŮнӹĳУһγ裬ڳˣ⣬һû뵽ҹ裬̫ĿתԵǡ 
ǵЦţر̫һĵ 
һˣһۣߵǰϣĶש񣬿ɷôͽأ 
Ȼϡ 
ϣԸһ衣վ˳һЦʹһɫᣬһ٣һһӿ 
ҪŮɫ¶ӵı飬翴УЦԺ֪ 
ػת̫ȻһЦֱƣһҡڣƺƯڿУ޷ƿĿ⣬֫תţ˵Ŀһͬ鶯 
ģճյӵӰؼžһ˲ؼȻʧɫ涷޵İٻòУѾڡ 
þõĻζƺ˶ʧټİٻ԰ްһƬףȻ磬Եһ㱡͸ǵĹâģǳ 
һٸӦս 
˭һӦսȡ裬ɫɷףѣ˭뵽ռ˷ͷ䣬ЦͻȻףⳡٻᣬԭΪ죬Ҫʺˡ 
ٻɢﶼǧ죬ӿ˾κˣ֮УЦڳۻĺ󹬣һſĵ飬ΪдĿĽ㡣 
֪δӲߣǣǿΪ壬ΪԵĵΪԼĺޡ 
պ󣬻ּΪʺ 
Ȼסعʱ֪عǻʺסֻΪ˱鷳û֪ 
㣬̫ˡѩѩһݣŻתתȥͣ̾š 
ѩѩҲܿɰ΢ЦŸӣѩѩ۵ա 
ڹſ 
磬첻ϳ𣿡ֵؿһЦ硣 
Ѿ˳ˡһ㣬Ц 
ô𣿡Ӻÿɰ 
ôûɡеʡ 
мġЦţָָϰŵڴӡ 
񰡡һӣ貵Ĺâ 
ЦƵǰſ˫ۻסƵ˵ʲôʱܱҵ˰ 
Ըое˶һ£漴ɣٵȵȰɣȵﶼûиʱ򡣡 
ãġļ磬ȥ԰תתɡ 
Ҳ롭仰û˵ڣͻȻû֦չлһ˿á 
μϡոճţʹ˹ 
ƽɡüͷʲôĶ 
ϣݼʺġһ֣Ů̧ӽˣ򿪣ȫ鱦Ρ 
߰ɣһ粻͵ػӻ֣֪ΪΣԴЩƿӾŮ˶ӹ֬׷ۣҲԸٿһˡ 
ǡһŵ˳ع 
ΪʲôϳǸӣǸŮʩʲôԻҩҧгݵ˵ 
ǰϾ㲻ϲǣҲٲǱֳѽԴŮһʲôˡҲıড 
ǸŮ˵Ĵǻлᣬڣʲôûˡڹжȹòȴһۣǰڸ 
ǸŮ˶ѣҲţƾǵβǴĶԻȻ£ܿͱ⸲ˡ 
ôܳ裬ô̾һ 
Ǽ㲻ҲùֻҪ䣬ȻɾͿˡԺͻȻһӰӣĪЦˣαȥðأ˿Դǵġ 
ãġ񶾵һЦºһӰ£Եޱ 
һĨѤЦĴҪǿУ˭ס  
                  
8 
ҹ谵ĵƹɭĻʹһһ 
һӰŵؽعĹţеذԼطλε¹⣬˲䣬Ӱ崲ߣ߸еذס 
ذ״̽һ̣¶һ˿Цݣ΢΢ذȻشš 
¹ӳ£ǺӰʣʲôڷ⣬յҰ׵ľɫϣԵ÷次 
ɹˣɱְϲ漴תȥ 
Ѫһ̣ӿ˫ʹ۾ͻȻƽųһ΢Ц 
ա 
һ橲ŵؿڴϣ׵ѱѪȫȾ죬гѪȵζ֡ 
һ˲ܲʮֿɲҽ 
عͻȻҽۼУⲻǻš 
ˣ¶͸¶ſµϢ 
кηԸߵС̫һ£δϷôĻ 
飡Ҫ֪˭˸һ麮 
ǡС̫ͷƵܿˡ 
ǧ¡ǻںޣ죬ҪǸŮһֱͲ£Ҳôصˡ 
ǸŮˣһ㣬ѵǸŮˣסûܻعȥɱԽԽϬ£Ƿǲ岻ɡ 
ϡһϵҽ߳عҽҲˡ 
ô缱еʡ 
ãǰذû˵ʱûΣգֻǣ̫ѪҪܾòָܻҽЦЦ 
Ǿͺáüͷɿˣˡ 
ӦõġҽóˣǴСİǣһ氮粻д𣿿ǣΪһްͺܺɡ 
֣ǿؼһ΢Ц 
磬ûˡüۼд˵ǣһ־ΥĸжһССʯӣеƽһ˿ůů 
˭㣿԰׵գʢʹ 
ҡҡͷʱҹ̫ûп塣 
ģһ֡εḧգ˵ 
ЦˣȴǳصģϾƭȴѹǣˣ˵ıˡ 
ʲôǸûһӣغš 
㲻ҪСĸǽжϹŵŮͷò 
ߣ󡣡յüͷɫûгɹҲû´ˡ 
´ΡŮ˵ 
죡ɹʣû´ΣҼǺˡϾں󹬶ȹʱ⣬֪̺󣬻ϻעİȫٴֻ̣ᱩ¶Լ 
ǸŮˣֻϧ 
ҩԶҩ룬ǰ 
磬ЩͿˣαأüͷ֪ھε 
Ҳо¡Цţϸش˴еҩ͵ߡ 
ֻſں£漴¶һЦݣ£ΪǺñȵضסƺܵʲôӦ΢΢һЦ۾ 
Ҳܲеļ¶縩޵Ĵ 
ֻѵˮƵһǣĻңתȥûп㵵 
ȻֲԼĴĴƺͣڴʣ۹⿪ʼ룬ָоʵҲء 
㣬㻹ðɡһͻȻ 
û¡˼ͻȻϣһ̧ͷѩѩǵۣǳЦѵѩѩӹ㻹ǺҪ 
ǲǺʹѩѩ۾гһǹ򻺻Ƶһˬ֮ջ˫֣ѩѩֳһĨ 
ѩѩҪٶ÷ˣ֪𣿡üͷ㻹̫С÷ԭεġ 
ǣˡеаطӣһ澵ӣӳġ 
ѩѩһԵĸжӿḧѩѩ۵գҪѩѩ㲻ҪΪκ£ֵá 
㡣ѩѩͻȻЦˣֵá 
ֵֵ֪࣬ 
һĨˣͻȻãǷ̫ˣǣȴԶҲ޷ֲʹʹҲ 
ģڴ˿̣ͻȻҡڲ  
                  
9 Ѱ
鵽𣿡ϣŭ 
ܣδ֡͵͵˵û˿顣 
飡һ䣬˲ʧ 
ع 
橣֪ʵ 
ȥҩˡ˫ۣѿ򵥣Īûп 
ͷعżҩҩ 
ã橣ȥҩᲦŪ͸٣۾ȴͷˡ 
İأͻȻļزţ仰ӰһƺҪ 
ˡŵӦš 
ˣṴƺûзĽš 
ǡŬŻңüݼҲƭ 
Ҽһ񻷣㿴ǲģóһ񻷣Ц 
ǡҿһۡ 
ȥɡ񻷵ݸɨΣһƬҰ 
˫ֽӹ񻷣ЩϣŽһϡ 
ֳһ˿ײЦ 
ˣȥɡ˻֡ 
ǡȥ 
紺Ц˲ʧȡ֮һĨпЦݡ 
㡣һİһİӰ 
㡭㵵ؿǰǷӣ˭ôϤ 
㣬ôˣ΢΢üֵ 
㣿Īǡ 
ѩѩԼ۾ 
ǰѩѩЦؿ 
ǣΪʲôضǰӣ޷Ϳɰѩѩ뵽һ 
ѾǧˣǧľͲСӵˡѩѩ˧ףЦȴܵϸһһգһգҡ 
ѩſУͻȻòʣѩҪҽ㡣 
Ϊʲôѩѩƽʱ䵽ȴƿˣѩѩһίؿһ˿Ϸʡ 
ѩˣСˡһ΢ЦվűԼ߰ͷѩѩһĸоϮͷ 
ǰѩѩڲСˡѩѩЦţһ˿Ȼڿ԰ˡв 
ʲô飿ѩѩϧ 
˭ý䱸ѩѩ 
Ϊˣô˵˵Ǿ飿ȻܣԲţǡ 
ĸ硣üͷı飬ѩѩЦˣ鷳 
ĸ磿ôû˵һ硣绳ɵĿѩѩɨš 
磬Ҳܾûмˣողϡǰȥסĸ첲ѩѩĿһ±ض绳е 
޵Ļʺ󣬼ʹֳҲô󹬰ɡȻһ䱸 
϶ˡѩףвһĨЦ⡣ 
ȥɣҪͻʺ󵥶̸̸ս˸첲̶С 
ǡѩͷ˳ȥлһ˿ʹ 
ԲһܵĻʵۣԼŮ˶ˣˣҲҲ֡вΡ 
ҪҲںЦš 
棿̧˼¡ 
档ͷۡ 
ҪһУҶ 
仰ϤУҲһ˵Ǹݵˣػ 
ͻȻһ˿̣Ķ 
ǣ˵һУҪģԸ𣿸 
ǰǰһƭ 
磬е㲻ߺ𣿡ģҺңҪһ˾һúһ룬ôԴָ顣 
ãúϢضȻת뿪 
ߵߣ£ȴû˿˯⣬ӺݻѾӵ˺ܶٻǣ˭ֻ֪һƣǧٿ׵ģ 
˽ 
ô˽⣿ǵ쳾ضǽٰ 
һ죬֪һУݰһҲɢȡ֮Ǻްɣ᲻Ϊڶֻأţ¶һ˿ҵ΢Ц뵽ľȻʹ 
עߣڰУ΢΢̾Ϣġ 
ҲĲٴƽ˰ɡ  
                  
10 ӵ
عдһһĲҽУס˺ˮʹһһεʴ𽥴ݻʶ 
ʹ𣿡һ⴫ 
ʧɫǿסʹ࣬Ϊšū澡 
˵֪ΪʲôʹһĨ̵Ц 
Ϊʲô̧ͷҧסԼ 
жûп𣿡¶һȻЦݣͷʹı飬û˿ͬ顣 
ֵ̧ͷֵ£ΪʲôҪӺū澣 
㣿ںԼ˭ɡЦţ񣬡ƽ޵ģǱѡ 
ū澡͵̧ͷ˵Щʲô 
㻹Ҫ𣿡ʹңǵñ˵Ļ𣿡 
˳ߣߣ 
ۣôǣ 
ˮѾ͸£ȴЦһ£ڲףʲô֪һУ֮С 
ū澽ס㣬Ӯˡ 
ãɡһ֣ʹһ˲ʧھһۣӴֵͷ 
ڣһж˲ 
ˣ˵ɡعҡ 
һ˵ 
û¶һ˿ȣȻѾµ˽ 
ūһֱˣҲġ 
ϴδɱģҲ㡣ƶ 
ǡûзϣֻʹ磬ô 
ôڸôأؽӴʵİ񻷣ʹɵһ 
ӴԺū澵ͷףҲ޷ں󹬴 
ǴŮӡ͵һЦȥɡ 
ǡ¡ 
ͻȻ¶һ˿Цݣһ⡣ĺܴʶʱ񣬿ǣ˼һ棬ü٣¶ 
ǣǵһ˵˼͸ 
һȻ΢΢һ漴΢Цһѣı仯̫ڶûнܡ 
ѩûת 
ʲôʱһ簡ѩƵǰ˵ 
ʱδԼһֲԤУȴֻ˵ 
ãҵ㡣ѩ˲õ΢Цһ˲䣬ıůůġ 
ǡĻлȥ 
รءѩͻȻӵסӡһǣȻʧ 
㡭һȴ 
纬ŵ΢Цֱ߽ڣӵ뻳С 
磬첻æ𣿡˳ؿĻ̧ͷ 
¶ˣȻҵĻʺˡظ˳ĳֻ֣Ů費Ҫٵ 
أ˶෴鷳ҡҡͷ 
ãϲҶˡ΢΢һЦгŰ 
磬ˣ𣿡ԼУ翴ӵ 
ǣ֣ԼĿϣҪĺۼԶȴ 
ģͻȻʼָŵУŨŨİ⣬Ȼûлش𣬿ǣõĴˣȷȷڡ 
˭һ飬޷𰡡 
硣һЦΪ㵯һɺã 
áſ˶Ľ 
߹̣ɢУŵİ˼綮٣Īʹ 
һˣ߳һСģݳһ΢ŵ̾Ϣ 
ϡһС̫Żŵſں 
ʲô£üͷϲܵ˵Ĵš 
ϲˣˮˡС̫齹ȴһ˿ɫʡ 
΢üͷƺڿ˼ 
찡Ǳ͸һ˿Цݡ  
                  
11 
ô£ûϢʣȻܣǣ³ĺ󹬣ֲܲܡ 
ū澡ū澲֪ū澸ϵʱѾߵСŮѾŵÿڳݲˡ 
ˮ΢üͷ֪ô򵥵ġ 
ǡǰŮͰ͵˵ 
ͻȻıʮʹֻ࣬ܿΪƽؿһۡ 
˰ɡȻŮ׷ȥˡ 
Ůһسȫ׵絶ʣ⡭ô° 
չ˲ܣˮˡе䵭˵ 
úõôˮһ˺ŮģϣҪΪŮ׵ܲʹļף 
Сģˮɡüۼ价ŵĲͣȻǲټˡ 
ȴģϣϳֻһŮ񡭡񡭡˵ţȻݺᣬˡ 
üͷһӣתߡ 
ϣϰഷض㣬ؿ߳⣬ȴҲ޿κΡ 
磬ˣӰһ˲Ļ㱣ƺŵǳ 
ˡǿһЦݣûע⵽ͻȻĹʣסʣȥ 
ƺۣϣӳޱȡ 
磬㲻ҪȥϢ̫ˡعţߴ 
û¡ؿƽϣʲô棬ʲôǼ٣ԳһЦһعɡ 
úϢعţ֮תȥ 
ɲԸңҪôźá 
£ͻȻʼѩ 
ѩģ΢üͷǰڴǰһıˣһֱŪһɫʮּܡ 
ǣȤ𣿡ѩǻһĻȣʮּԼǰػش 
ΪʲôҪ⣬ʲôô 
ϲѡѩվһ޹ı飬ˣ 
˽Ըı󡣡޷ٱƽѩı仯̫ˣȻԸ񶼱ôࡣ 
Ƕûⳡѩ֪˾ͲֹһˡѩıͻȻɫ˵ 
üΪ 
ԡѩЦ˼˱ 
̧ͷȴ޻˵˽ˣһ˿ܡ 
ʮּŮҵģʲôһ֪ŮҲûиҡѩһֻè 
㲻Ҫ㿴ҵ뷨΢üͷе䡣 
𣿡ѩı飬 
ûСָֻǰᣬôܶƤѣϾǸճĺӰ 
ѩ˲ײĹâ 
 
ʲô£Ȼ䣬վӸµؿ 
ѩ 
˵ˡɫġ 
Ը£ū澶ˡͷֱᴹ 
Ǿͺáǻһ˿Ц۾ƺֱۡѩڴߣһ˿ζЦݣȤؿǣĿۼֱʱɫ˱䣬һ˿š 
˿̣˫۽棬ֱȴ 
ĬȴŶԷһж 
ƺǾҵʹͻȻ¶˼ʹı飬ϵ¶ĺ飬üͷš 
ͻȻ̧ͷͬʱһöϸСϮһЦһӣء 
û뵽뾹һһ 
ӲȥţͻȻ¶һЦգر۾ 
ûие֮еʹۣȴѩЦ 
ûˡѩķ 
صأ뾹ǴֱģȻιо綾Ѫ 
ˡһһתȥȴѩصصڵϡ 
ѩһԸӵʹᴩ飬Ϊʲô 
û취ѩЦˣգգһۣ˭ңô㡣 
ͻȻãһﶼôѹ֣Ҫһֱѹ֣Ҫغǵܡ 
ѩ貵⣬ս֣Ұе㣬ĺܰ㣬ңϲһ˾ͿˣûˡҲٱˣҲЩԴұ㣬𣿣ǰһֱ㣬֪һѣɵ㣬һҪúõػš 
ѩ忪ʼСһССѩοʱӣѩҲʧˣһ̡ 
ûᣬҲᡣȻһЦԭˣúƽӣڲˡծҪ˭֪Ȼʹ顣 
аѩѩֻһʱľһҲ˰ɣڲĴڲڲáİ 
һֱѩѩĴڣûлɡǣĲİɣķ֣ʧȥô࣬ô౦Ķ 
Ҳһжɡ 
Ҳ⵽Ǵɡ 
ǣˣһУôˡ 
Ѫɫȹֹ壬మϧ˼䣬ɻзǾǳѩȴġ 
´磬޶ȣͻȣˣ޷ 
ѩ 
ҽ⣬޳ɻңģɣУޱˣѪǱģգճ̡ 
  
                  
12  ֮
ңһŮ 
ʮǰļͣںĴ֣ͱ˱ӵУСҾԱΪ޷£ҵһС 
ֱʮһ꣬ 
ֻһۣĵһۣҾͱݵ׺ͻķЦô㣬һ󴺷紵Ӵ˱ҹҹԺﶼӰ 
󣬵ټʱҲ֪ǵ̫ӣʱʮңεؿ֣硣 
һһĵ룬һһεշת࣬Ҳ쿴ҵľʮ꣬빬ˣΪһŮԸԳطҡ 
֣ҡͷʼ 
֣ҽЦˣҼУһ¶Цա 
Զǵһһʱ⣬δʹҵ֣δ˵һĻңÿһ͵͵ĲޱȵҸ 
ǣԴһжˡ 
ؽǲߣúչ˵仰ʱӿҸ֪ǲŮɫģУγһŮܵģͻȻˣȴʡ 
Ҫһ͹ˣȥɡ 
һ仰ЦҲʹӴʱʼ 
ţ΢ұ֪ˣɬȭҧ꣬ݸء꣬ʮꡣ 
İû˶ֹͣŨңԽޱԽǿҺƫƫҵ˵Ļš 
ٻϣص˻ʺԣҿʼҵļƻ 
Ǵδɱһڵһ¡ 
Ȼҵ͹Ϊҳɹˣǣû¶Լԣұȹ¶ȴľһ졣 
Ҳ뵽¶ԭһж֮У˵ҸʲôɣҾĲã߻ȴں棬ЦؿţڿһϷһϷ 
ϣĲ򵥣ԵظоҪģǻʺô򵥡 
һȣΪѾжѾݣǣҿת˲ѸȥҲŲòЦҵ棬Ҳ֪ʲôĲҷָ 
еİΪһרһİҲңԶҲòİƾʲôƭ̣İ 
Ĳ̣ҵİҲ̳ҵĺޡ 
䴥񣬾֣Ҳдɺͺ⣬ԭÿˣ⡣ 
ҿˣ޻ڡ 
ҰѴо綾ֲڣѪԶҲǵĵʹҲԶҲ֪һˣΪ 
ѪᣬҶİҪͬھҲԵҶİ 
£ȴͻȻѩΪҿ 
عȥѾ΢ЦҲ¶Цݣ˽죬Ͳô۵ĻˣͿԣõˡ 
Ҹеֱе뿪ʼʱҲʼˣĿɱ 
һ̣һЦһӣһ뱻䣬û뵽ҵһͻȻ¶һ΢Ц΢Ц 
ĪǣҲûţ̫ 
ҳɹصȥ 
ûǸѩΪ룬ƯڿУѩĻһοˣΪĳ飬ΪԼҺĺ񣬰ˣȴûн 
֧ģȴЦȻûɱȻɹˣʹˣˡ 
ԽԽᣬҽʧȥʶ 
ҲҪסһС 
磬һȻ㣬ôܷõľһ˲ 
˵ǰٴβܻһλôҵٴλɷ񻻻һεĹأֻҪһΣҾͻ㡣 
һԶף㣬磬һԶ֣ܹҵ㡣 
ټУҰ㡣 
PSīʵ̲סдķ⡣Ϊīĺܿ 
ҲΪֻһǣֻһߣʵȻҲ˼ģֻΪԼ 
İ̫࣬δõһůȴȻ㡣 
ȴ֪磬ԣûɱϣİֲΣǣûϧĿģԶΪףĲΪʲôһˡ 
ÿһ˶Ե޹ʵز̣˵Ĵ̣ô˺˵ͬʱԼҲһʹ 
ʵд⣬һῴͷˮģΪʲôҪɱأ 
鰡  
                  
13 ӵ
ѩ˵Ҳϲ룬ҾͰڽУΪԶ㣬 
£ȻѩΣΪغǵܣΪѩᡣ 
ڰ˳㡣ɫ԰׵ʢʹ 
磬û¡ǿһЦ 
粻֪ǿġ 
磬ˣָΣֻ˵Բˡ 
磬ȥɣˡתȥٿ 
ˣúϢת뿪ʱһ˿ 
һƣлʣ䣬ŷЩΣҲһעȹעҪʧȥһС 
ǣȴ޷ֹһеķ 
ʹϢͻȻøӸࡣ 
˲ 
˵һжʱֻҪӵ㣬ʲôҪ 
ǣ޷Ҳɡ 
̧ͷ橵ǵ˫ʱЦˡ 
ûµġȻһЦ˲ʹֻһ۶ѡ 
ü 
ңΪ欵ЦţȴһĨˡ 
Ⱦʣô㣬㰮𣿡 
ҡ 
ΪԺԥطϣУȴˣ𣿲ƭһʹǴӺζ 
ʶأ߳عȴڹſڿ硣 
ôˣŻ겻ü 
û¡ǿһЦȻˡ磬߰ɡ 
ĻгĳݣŽߵƮ裬аȶΣ֣ճյĲһƬᡣ 
ӣһǵġ 
ǲǣһʼǴأĺʹȴ֪Ϊʲô 
Զ˻ѩѩӰˣ΢Ц㡣 
ΪʵԶӰһСкѩѩ 
͵óʹʹϢѩѩΪôܹǣ 
Ҫ 
ͻȻƽؿڡ 
û 
㣬һźͻȻЦˣֱۣļ磬˵ 
شҲֻܲ 
ֻǣʹ˲䣬㣬ʹ顣 
ЦգͷôױĨȥ 
ҹ 
ɣǣµҹһҹʹ࣬ѩûκ֪ 
Ǿ飬Ҳԣʳ֮գܵɷĳͷ 
ʹ¡ 
οԼŬȥעһ˺ѷεʹðĺ飬һһε£˫ָѾŵףָģҧסһ졣 
ѩȥ»ζʹ 
ÿһʳ֮ҹѩ÷ʹ࣬ʱѩˣʹҲֻӲ 
ûС 
ݺݵغţƺԼʹ 
橲֪ʱ˽ǡ 
ûû¡˳ǣ¶һЦ˾ͺˡ 
߹ȥߣʹԲԡ 
áУۡмһЦ 
ʹΪʲôҪӲأʹ˾ͽгΪȥˮ 
롭֪֪ˣһᵣĵġ 
ҡҡͷ֪ʵѰ˰ɣʹҪԼܡ 
¶˵һ˿⣬ʹҲֹ֮ͣ 
ڰȥˡ԰׵Ⱦһ˿ɫظһЦϴԼƵķ 
Ĩһ֬ڸסϵĲ԰סžеȻһЦ 
У鷿ſİϣ˯ˣǺ¡ 
΢üͷ߽ȥΪ˱ 
˫ۣȥıӰǹһĨ޵Ц⡣ָĦϵıƺ¶ȡ 
Ҫ𣿲ˡ 
Ѿ㹻ˣԭ 
ѩڣһһλ䣬һʪӡǣҸţҲ΢΢ʹš  
                  
14 
һУҵġӲҲӡħĶʣþòɢ𣬶޷ɢȥ 
δۣðĺ顣 
ԭΰ 
Ĩȥϵĺ飬ȴ˯ȫޣϰԵǰ 
⻹һƬڣһ¶ȣڴǰָḧŴߵĽ룬ոտأ۵ĻƺܲϲĲһЦָһƬѩ׵Ļָ⻬䣬ʰһƬָţĻɢ㣬һһƣƺ顣 
ֻһ佫룬ֻǵĻ䣬öá 
ǡ 
Ļʺһ֮ĸģǧǧ佫Ҳ 
һ뷨ϣһƽˣƽȻһ޷ٻͷˡ 
ˡ¶һ԰׵΢Ц 
һҹߡ 
ոո͸һ˿ɫѵõĨ֬ΪڸϵӰж˵ı飬ȡ֮񾲵Цݡ 
橡ϰԵػ 
ûӦ 
橣üͷ˯ 
ȻûӦعֻصԼ 
ûԤ׵٣橲ôǳ 
ȹڣɱȥȴԶ뿴һĻ 
橵ѪУнһذףǰذףһɱִ˵ؿڣ֪ǰذףŵģ 
ᴩ橵ʺһѪϣ΢Ц΢΢ţָڵдѪ֣ϧ 
ǿͣǡ衱 
˵ʲô֪ԶҲ֪ˡ 
ǲϧ𣬶 
̫ô¡Цˣڣֻط 
ˮԣĲŻᱻû 
ԣŻ˺ޡ 
ÿһΣԥʱ򣬾һһһһؼᶨġ 
Ѫ죬ΪʲôǶˣţΪ𣿱ʴĵעҪ¶ 
ôǲǻһ㣿 
橵ʬ壬ͬǸɱֵһ̧ߣһ룬һºظο 
£ҡ 
֪һǳ԰ף֬ҲڸǲסĲ԰ףΪ𣿺¿ʬ壿֪ľˡ 
ʹˣʴǰʹ 
ȴܲǿ 
橵ζԥ 
һԼ 
硣̧ͷ 
ôˣֱֱ۾еĻš 
᲻ң 
ô㣿Цˡ 
ҵĵ󹬴ô鷳ͷ˵ 
԰ǵĻȼӴ󣬡鷳ǡҲŵ 
ҵġ 
㣬ҵġ 
ҲҵĲֹġ 
Բ𡣶Բ𡣶Բ𡣶Բ𡣶Բ𡣶Բ𡣶Բ𡣶Բ𡣶Բ𡣶Բ𡣶Բ𡣶Բ𡣶Բ𡣶Բ𡣶Բ𡣶Բ𡣶Բ 
˵һҲ 
ȵҺģţᡣ 
ѵȻ 
ᣬרΪ 
˵Զ 
ǣΪʲô뵽޷ͣأ 
þţһðĲ 
֪ﲻǲ 
һ̣硣 
˺ʹȥ 
ûãôελģ 
ⲻλ𣿿ǣΪʲôܲһϲأ 
ģѾ˼룬ľˣ˼뱻ʴ򣬲ź 
һһ鷿 
΢Ц 
磬ɡһԱߡ 
áЦ 
ɵ½ǡ 
ԶϦббݵĲңúûš 
һ 
ܺúȡ룬ر۾һֱ΢Ц 
УȻ䱻ˡ 
ʲô 
彥ʧģҲһһ㱻ڻ 
һᣬС 
Ϊʲô 
ԭһֱ֪ 
ʲô֪ 
ҪһУҶ㡭 
Ȼɱˣķ硣 
֪Ҳͬذ 
ûˣһУ̫ˡ 
׵̫ˡ 
Ǻ𣿻˵ǲľǿ 
ģ̫ˡ  
                  
15 
Ƕ 
ûܽʧ٣Ϊ˼ǧܡ 
ʺǻ䶯ȫ¡ 
ǻ䡣 
һжؽţûע⵽Ůʵ˿Ļڸģλˣǣȴյģǿɬô֪Ϊʲô 
ϻλһ̣Ҳûбʵ 
ǣϻλ 
ȹӭϵǻƬγѣȻӵģΪΨһļ̳ˣҲΪòͻǡ 
ǻϡ 
ⲻһֱλΪλãѩѩ橣磬ȥһ磬ټ 
ϣһС̫༱ææؽ档 
üͷŸոյǻô? 
ǣԳ´˵ϻԸС̫ͷϹϾ˵ 
´ⲻҪҵ 
ƢĻУһӴһпϹŵ΢Цĳһɧ 
ϲ̫ӣӣֻһ۾ܰӱᣬȴ˸еģӵԵ޹ʵۣͦεΣκխȴݣе룬Ȼ޷԰Ρ 
ԸҵˡһڣȻǴ󲻾 
ȺзӼʹô󵨣мѾŭػȭͷ 
áƺûĲ߱Ͳ⡣ 
ѾˡһЦԶһϸʳ䵽ϣһŮ˳ų£ĳ֣˸𶯡 
жǾɫŮӣǾɫеľɫ 
ƮһƬ˶һ 
´ͻȻһ֣˶ˡ 
´ǳǳЦţ㻹ô 
Ҳһѱ𣬵ɢһҲ֪ʱʧŴ޼ɵˣ΢΢еԾ 
ӦллءŮЦݣһһ 
㡭ƺͻȻˣЦˡ 
ˣ´޺΢ЦţЦȴ֡ 
ǰվ𣬡£һʼһƭ֡ 
ǣеô˳ȴû뵽Ů¶ЦݣЦǷ̡ 
ʲô磿ֻҲ鹹İɡôЦȻһֱŪڹ֮䣬ȴȻ֪ 
ˡ´ӹͷȷʵڣֻǴŮѡ 
ԣǾңҵĳޣȡȨѾȫˣŮǲп΢ЦͻȻԼ̫ʴȡ 
ֻһû뵽ŮıͻȻѩѩΪƷ 
ǰû뵽ԼĵܵܶסǿرЦݣΣơ 
ȻˣѲǵжû˽йˡ 
ǻиҪ²?´ضס 
԰ͻȻЦˣ 
Ҿץסѩ׵ĻλãǲѪһһϵġ 
Ŷɲء¶ЦݣЦϤǶԱ¶ЦݣЦݡ 
һ䡣´³⼸֣ڶ 
һ𣬸һɢȥȫ 
˯˶ˣɨڵϵĴǡ 
һʱˡ´ɫ˱䡣 
һ֣ǲѹ 
ôأָȻ 
һ䣬ʹҲܷȥһ´Цˡ 
˲䱻дôȥ 
ţ̫£ҲҲһֽѡ 
һƬڰ 
ںڰäĿرţܿտյֻһƬһƬĺڰ 
֪յ㡣 
ˣˣȴ޷ͣЪ 
ûйûһֻ޾ĺҹ 
ɫǣ֧꣬ԼԼһ˿΢Ц׷ܡ 
ܵӣͣ£ȴתǰ档 
磬ܸоһֱп 
ֵ 
ʹҲ 
ǾϣڿԲƣ 
ǣ 
Ȼ۾ 
һ˿ƺںڰбܹ 
ϣ˰һϴЦ 
šЦЦұȴһҵʹ 
Ҫˡϸæû£һ 
ʲôˣһͭ𣿡 
аֱߡϸһָ 
ͭеŮȻȴһ˺ۡ 
ô 
ﰡҿʱϣϵĴ̣ŪˡϸΡΡ߹ǿϧһ绨Ŀ 
һ˲䣬ƺʲô߽ˣ֧顣 
 
ֻ 
ǡ 
µĴۣ 
  
                  
16 
ʮһȴƶĵط 
ʮֻһСĴׯֻ21˼ҡ 
ǣʮÿһ˶еֹΪΪһǵˡ 
 
ǵ̺ۣȻɷǵֻ̺ۣñ˸ۡ 
ֻһͨˡ 
֣ʮУ׹ 
ǣȴ֡ 
ʮ˵δЦգЦһ 
ЦȷȻЦǰ΢ЦڣЦ 
ԣһˡ 
ʮǹͬ϶ġ 
ǡ 
żҵĶ˵Լȥ㡣ϵдŵ⡣ 
á˵ǰǾܾģ̫ˣ˵ԸɴӦɡ 
úúúáЦ춼ϲ£ˣæΡΡسȥ֪ͨ˼ˡ 
Ѿ˰ˣÿ찲ģҲңڣֻǣûһ֡ 
ûоû˰ɣҲһ룬Ǿȥˡ 
Ϊһֱȥ 
ֱǸ֮͵ĵ 
㣿ԾааЦţ˫ֻϵӣһ룬Ѿ˾ȣһ˪ 
ô벻𣿻ߺʧӣߵǰš 
ΪʲôҪʧطʣֲòԼϣһʧ 
㲻֪Ҳ巣Ҳûз֡˵裬ľ顣 
㲻統ľ飬ʲôĿ 
֪軻һЦյߣһһٵ˵ңͣ棬ߣ㡣Ȼؿߵ˼ֵ 
Ҳ޷£ûйϵתȥ 
ϣҿءװʹסĿڣȴȻЦ 
֪˽լ𣿡Ѿ̲סˡ 
𣿡תתլôƾɡ 
լȻƾɣͲҪȥѾ׵ 
ǿɲءɴˡ 
ţš⺰š 
ʲô£ƿʡ 
ţĻû˵꣬ͱŴˡ 
ҲǸġ˵ţᶼɥɥĸֱһ̵ĵطò˳һľǰżң԰Ųĺÿŵøˡ 
˵ˣôԵĻѻŶûа취Ҵ 
谭۵Ц޲ðץ 
ƽʱҪ˰ڿ޹ˣ˲ᣬŶȻȥתԺ̾ϢĺӰˡ 
ûкɫˡ 
ˣǿ̵˵ǧ˰ɡ 
ûлش⣬һ⣬û˷ǲǾ飿 
Ȼǡѿڶ 
ôҾһǾľ顣迴࣬ǿЦ 
ûзˣ⵹ϡ 
ǰƵ˵ 
ͻȻЦˣҲ֪ԼΪʲôЦ֮ͻȻú졣 
ǵĺܺãһˡֻ˵ 
ҲʧȥˣԾ̧ͷЦˣѹ㻹ûаӳȥ 
Цһ¡һۡ 
û˵ͻȻһΣԼԵ״̬ݶϣס 
ųһ亹ͷҲΣһҲҶ 
ŰŻص棬δƽŭص㲻ûз𣿡 
ûˡЦһƬãȴû˵Ҳ书 
 
һˣ˭а취 
ˣһǳȥ߰ɡվ 
һʱֻعͷЦ˵һ䣬 
̺ʵڲ̫ÿȻЦˡ 
бǰצڰǰװʮֿӡ 
ֱ͸αļһ 
ƫƫֻкһ𣬲ʱʹ 
ԣҲҪ˵һ̲סҪ 
ȻӵòûĿڲš 
ʧܵǸ 
֣һ̻꣬泩ܶࡣ 
Ǵ֣ĿԸ飬ȻֻûжҲûй⡣ 
ãԼѾӦͨ˵ȻǺͨ 
ֵǣҲͬĸо 
Ӧȴ룬е㺦ָоƽĸо 
ӡ 
Ҫһӡ 
ƻˣһ𴳵 
һ⡣ 
ƫƫҪ 
ǲԸһȥ 
Ҳû᲻ȥ 
ǲ̫ˣ  
                  
1 ǣǿ
аգڿǿȴû˰ա 
Ƕûаա 
롣ֲ⣬ٶ˵һҲ⡣ 
ɣЦˣЦǺ״ĵģȴ򲻶ġ 
ôЦݾԵеࡣ 
ûɡǻ 
ûɲӦҲûɴӦ 
ԣĲõЦһ˲֮ʧˣЦ̾˿ 
Ȼ㲻ȥֻСһֿ 
̱ȫ񾭡 
ֻһȥˡ˵꣬һҲɣתߡ 
һΪΣȻʱѾһһ۵˵ϣǻĽҰ⡣ 
ԸȫܻҼпܡ 
ȴûС 
ⷴеʧ䡣 
ղźܼ˵ȥͻȻȥˡ 
ΪͻȻҲʼƽ 
رһƽˡ 
еգΪʲô 
һֵֺ뷨 
ȴˡ 
֪룬ﲻ֪ἥڽʲôӡ 
òʧȥļįʹ࣬ģ飬Ȼߵһ˲䱬 
ҪҪ׷ȥ 
ǰصǻţʮɽɽˮˮ 
һһЦ 
ڣȥ׷Ҳ׷ˣһѾԶˡ 
ˡ 
ָо 
ԭеĿ֣еĳʵУġ 
ˡ 
Ƶ¡ 
ͻȻ۾ 
Ҳûߣſڵȴת⡣ 
һеš 
˰أ꣬ûˡ 
Цһ£궼ڳЦ 
ΪԼжҪǸûǣЩ˵ȷܲΪ 
裬һջˣƺȷʵܹջ 
˵߽߳ûһ졣 
裡ҸߣֻҪڳͻȻ 
Ȼ֪ʹǺҲֻǺԼ 
һ˵̬Լ 
ͻȻ´ˡ 
ȴȥһҲ롣 
𣿡ͷ⵽һסˡ 
ûߡ 
㡭ΪʲôߣͻȻ֣꿪ʼůˡ 
˵أ£ûмڽһЦݡ 
ҡҲ֪תͷȥ֪֪úڵת⡣ 
ͻȻЦûлش⣬ǱЦתˡ 
Һûˣһᱻ˵ӡ 
УҪˣܷ纮ġûлͷĻȴشУһͲɡɡС 
ɡûж 
˵Ļҿءתգգ۾ 
۵Цֻˡ 
ոջĸжЦУʧӰ١ 
е㷢ס 
ˣң仰ȴû 
ֻøȥ 
ˡͻȻͣ˽Ų 
ôˣüʾܲ͡ 
ǡǡüͷ 
ʲô£ӣҲɵ 
ǸŸˡһͷӡ 
赹һ 
ǻߡµҪԡ 
ԶҲˣһΡ 
һΣѪȥԣ˸߰š 
ǣŻŻĵطʮÿһȥѰǡ 
豻ĪرһȺ˰ΧȥǲŪô¡ 
һֱڿޣƴؿޡ 
ôοͣ 
߿ޱ߶ǶҪˣ¹µ̫ţûٳʲô£ô찡Ƕҵġ 
һһҹ 
ͲûйҪˡ 
ԴǴԺҲҲ߰žͳˡ 
ڣַĴ 
ǵģʱ򷸵Ĵǻġ 
豳ϣڰṦʩչ£ֻΪ˿һϻȥ 
Ż𣿡ĵ衣 
ûСתһȦ 
һˡ 
˶еϲá 
Ů˶ϲĵģ㾭ԿŮȺһҳ 
Ů˸ϲ 
һ 
ʱ򣬰Ŵ˽ϻЦȻ̸ʲôȤĻ⡣ 
š׼˵ͶһҲֻб죬֪Ŀڲһá 
ţ֪һʲô𣿡˵ 
ãȻգ۾ 
ֻԼ˵ȥţһ˾¶ʱңҸôлһӶ޷𡣡 
λ۾Ѿʼʪˡ 
ң͵һεǵﰡԸ⣬ҽһɡ˵˵ţᾹȻ鵽˼¡ 
ããǺúӡ˫ȥ 
ǡıͻȻʮּ㣬ʼҪģԶĸߣԲԣţ 
ȻȻǶǴˡŲסصͷ 
ôǾӦóţȥԼƴһƬأܲؿŰš 
ԣԣôû뵽أϧ 
ԣǾеģҾȥһ˵ÿ֡ 
Ҫšļ硣 
ţǶġסŵ֣ٻᡣ 
ȥɣȥɡ⣬ȴοЦ⡣ 
ҲЦˣͻȻĺᡣ 
֣߳ʮ塣 
·ϣӼϷһƬҶء 
ûЦ 
ȴЦˣʲôʱôƸУ 
һۣû˵ 
㵱Ȼ֪֮  
                  
2 ˪ǰѩ
˭ܷϣǮһǳõĶ 
κҲ֪ûǮһ粽С 
ֻкбµ˲ܲǮš 
ûǮҲǺб£Ǿʹ粽С 
ǾΪûдǮͳŶܺڡ 
ι书ôߣȥŪǮסõꡣƿϵ衣 
ôŪȥ۾˵ 
ֻòˣȥҲȥ 
ˡͻȻǰĴȥ 
ʲôȥ 
ŪǮ 
ôȥŪ 
ȥ 
Ǹ˷ĵĻش 
ȥ 
ȻˣҲȻ 
۾ֱˣģ 
һϡصЦЦ 
𡣡мƲƲ졣 
Ȼûǹ 
һۣһ仰û˵ 
ûа̺ۡ˵ߵ߿ˡ 
ǴЦ߿ġ 
ܹ֮ 
һȤ 
ǴЦ߿ġ 
ܹ֮ 
һȤ 
˺Զŷûи 
Цһ£Ȼԥߡ 
ԭһҲûж 
ڵϣ˫ֱϥͷȼ䡣 
ˡ 
ôˣһڣȻǵЦ 
û̧ͷ 
Цˣ̾һǰȥɷ˵ᱧ 
û 
ʼߵʱܹϵغݺһţȻƽȵ¡ 
Ц֪ôù 
ո߳Ӱѵǰ档 
ͣ½Ų˿û⡣ 
Ҳ֪̫ù 
һ㣬ͻȻеѣΣȥ 
ߵߣűȽϰȫ 
ҺѾε޷ͱ˷ͻ 
һ·ϲల¡ 
۾ԼѾ˿ջĴϡ 
ͻȻеԡ 
Ǽ䲻ԡ 
Ϊߡ 
Ѿ˯ú졣 
ڿҪҪȥʱѿ˵ 
ͬ飬ҾԲڶΣȴһ۾ûȾһ˿Ц⡣ 
ʲô˼ֻ÷뷨 
ֻһͷˣôأ轫˫ 
˵ľмֻܷŵһ 
ˡ 
軹治ɫ 
Ҳšȷƭ 
ЦˣȻƭ㣬ûƭ㡣Ŀɨš 
ڿʲôˡ 
ڿܲ˯ذ塣һü 
˵´ȥӲӴקޱһڵϣһϡ 
ոûΪû뵽 
Цˡ 
ذȷӲֹӲҳʪ 
һޱذȻܲ 
һҹƽ˾ضȹˡ 
ϣۣȻѾλãڴţڵϡ 
Ҳˡ 
ʹʹط 
㡭ؿ 
㣬ʲô㣬㡣ݺݵص 
ңüôˡ 
ҹϴȥ˵㲻֪ͻȻǵͨ졣 
˵Ϊȷ֪ 
ôٰŪȥ 
Ϊ̫ءû׹һ䡣 
ȻԲжء 
Ѿš 
Էûлͷȴ˵ܿɰۡ 
ȥ 
˺ܼ򵥣Ҳܲ࣬СˣҲԵú㡣 
⣬ܳԵ嵭ķˣҲѵˡ 
رһš 
ҺȽעĿ 
ûһƤңֻǻιӡ 
㵽ʲô̧ͷ裬Ѿһ졣 
ķζζسţ˼ 
ûһƤңֻǻιӡ 
㵽ʲô̧ͷ裬Ѿһ졣 
ķζζسţ˼ 
ǻҪ߶Զе䣬˵Ѿܲ͡ 
ĺǡ̧ͷԶ߹΢Ц߻Զġ 
ͷԷ˵ĪĪ 
ı飬ЦԭҲôĬ 
ȻЦ˵ı飬ͻȻҲúˣҪıԣҪЦ 
Ҫ˵ʲô˵Щʲô 
˵ЩʲôֻҪ˵ͱضҪ 
˵ 
Ц 
ʱͻĿʼҲԼ˽⡣ 
˵ҪôźãǸɿ̣ĽҰ⣬ˮѺ꣬Ͼ书ʱֿɿʣȴ˹ȥ 
ô죿رȴм˵ǰ 
Ϊ׵һ֣ܿ˵ֻҪϵĹｻ£ǲΪѹӵġ 
𣿡ȻԼѾˣЦˣΪ͵ΪңΪңͿ߰ɡ 
ѾסˣСӣʶô 
ҪʲôЦݣǡ 
ֻǷ˵Ϊ׵ɺܿѾ˻ 
ǵ˭ʡ 
㲻ùôࡣӵѾ㾿ˣ 
ҽأʡ 
ߣǴ˵ 
ҲأƺϷˣǡ 
ɱ㣬ǴڣҲ֡ 
תۣƵǰ 
Ķŵӣ־кͼء 
ܲŻԲҵڿ̣Էȴܶ࣬ʤ㲢 
ʤ㲻󲢲ûУǰһ边ѱ˵֮߰⡣ 
׷ȥľ뽥 
̾һȱˮʱȷʺƹһͻȻͣ 
ȻûϵͻȻͣ£һƲһͷײǿϣ˹ȥ 
ҲסˣƬ֮ЦˣǴЦ 
һߴЦһ߼ʩչṦ뿪 
죬ƺڿʶ˺ܶࡣ 
ǣ鷳ˣ鷳򵥡 
ˡЦŵȥ  
                  
3 ֹ
ۣĵһһ˫۾һ˫۾ 
һ˿˫۾ᾪһˣûо 
һҲض˫۾һ˫۾һ˵ۿġ 
ⳡսۣȻӮˣΪ˫۾ѿ˵ 
죬Цˡ 
ûЦ̫ãΪǾ仰졣 
͹ˮܽҲһֻ㡣 
Ҷأ谵Լ书ûбס 
Ǿϡδ꣬Ʒ 
ûжͣƾаߵʱͻȻ 
һӲͣ¡ 
ƽƿơ 
ôƽ˿һ⡣ 
Ա㣬棬ȴʵҪ˵ǲǲƽЦ˵ 
һۣһԶϵһˮѵǰ 
ٶǰδš 
辪һ亹 
أղˮֻѾͷ­ײ顣 
ҾͲˡոնˮȣһʯӴ÷顣 
ЦҺˮְ飬ʲô˼ 
ˮжôӲ 
ϵƬЦ㲻ø 
кβף 
һ¡迿һѺҡϣҡš 
صġ 
ҷ㲢ɱҡ迪ʼЦúܲ 
ҲЦˣӲҲ˺ܶ࣬ˡ 
ŶشŹǷ 
ɱ㣬ķʽɱ㡣 
ˮĶô£軻һ⡣ 
ˮҵġ仰ƺֵš 
Цˡ 
˭ģ 
֪ 
֪͸Һȣɫеˡ 
Σָֻԭ 
ҡҡͷ 
ô͸ˡƷ 
㲻Լƽ˵ 
βԼƺģ֣ͣ˻ȥ 
һûкȵˮ۾૵˵ţƺѾûһ 
ûˮ 
Ͳɱҡ۾ЦЦֱ۾ 
Ѿ̫ˡ˵Ѿֳͣߡ 
ɱˣ 
졣 
УͻȻ˵ 
Уüͷ 
ԣС˵øն 
ɱ㣿߽ 
롣Ҳشúܿ졣 
˺ݺݵص 
ЦˣѾץס˵㣬˾һسŵˣԸҲϱõȷǺӲԸԸܺãʱҲΪ㡣 
Ҫߣ͸һ¡ͻȻ档 
ʲô£˿һ 
 
˭ 
֪װͿΪֿʼ䱸 
֪˭Цú޺ʵȴʮֽš 
Ҳܸ㡣Ʋһ䣬㲻¡ 
Ҿһ¡еʧЦġ 
̽䱸ؿ 
жٸӣ°ϸϸܵĺӡ 
ն𣬲ֻˡ 
߳üɻĴЦ 
ЦЦţЦˡ 
Ӧһµġ 
ʲôط 
տյĴӣֻмӣһӺһŴ 
ûţûдӡ 
ֻһ촰 
ղ˾Ǵ촰ȥġ 
촰ܸߣ֪ԼԳȥ 
ֻд 
ֲԸ 
Ҫ취֪ 
ͻȻ۾һ 
ʱѾ档 
ܺãСǡʶ 
˼ң֪Ҳе̸ 
һҵ 
ǰһ˼ңɢһɷ˵ζ 
촽ǻ˼ȥ 
ȥס澹˷ǡ 
ֻЦߴˡ 
ÿһ˼ңѲԭˡ 
ԣȥĵطֻһ 
ھ 
СһҶ࣬һ档Ϳʵðˡ 
ҶܲҲܺóԡ 
֪߳Ա롣 
ûΣգûС 
ûΣգڳһϯ 
֣Щ˰Ū˵Ȱһϯ 
õӣȻûж 
Էˣûһ˵ 
պѹ֣һݸߵվƺȥ 
Ȼʼ˵ 
ʶ𣿡⻰ȻǶ˵ġ 
ҡҡͷ 
Ǿ˺Ϥȷʶ 
ΪҽܣûУȥ 
ֻüȥ 
ϯȥЩһһˣÿһ֮ǰͶһֵ 
Ǹݸߵûߣڷ 
֪Ϊʲôץ𣿡ӵߵ档 
ҡͷ 
ͻȻ֣Ѿߵȥ 
ʵҲʶ㡣ͻȻ˵ 
һۣϬ 
Цˣǣעҵӡ 
θ 
Ϊʲôʡ 
ɽկˡվ˵úࡣ 
غһ 
Ǵҵ̵ĵһŮˡЦˣЦúḡ 
䲻ʵģſڷϵ衣 
һʲôʱģȫȻ֪ 
ɽկĹأɽկĵһŮˣҵѹկˡָܿ侲 
ŮǱ˵أͻȻӷ 
Ǿӻشúܿ졣 
Цˣаùң 
ҲЦˣûС 
˵֪ӡ 
סҲס 
֪ץĵһʲô𣿡 
ؿ 
ǵ顣Цúܵ⡣ 
𣿡Цˣ鵽ʲô 
鵽ǸӵŮˡӱ 
ɫˡ 
ײ鵽ʲô  
                  
4 ٵԸ
һĳĬ 
ȻǷ֮е£֪ 
ֻгĬӦġ 
費ġ 
ϣֽŮӺֹǧǧֻһѣĹʮ塣 
Լ𣿡ӵЦ⽥ 
費ܷϡԼȷš 
̾һһ⡣ 
ʲô⣿ɷǳ⣬ЦֻСꡣ 
ʲô֡ 
ӵɫûиղôˡ 
ҽ䷲һ£һЦݣҪסˣ֡ 
Ƴһۣû˵ 
䷲Ҳ̾һ׹ҶȻûɱ㡣 
ȥɱɫˡ 
ɫûб䡣 
ûɱңûн֡迴⡣ 
ôܣ䷲һ 
ҲǲܣҾпܡ蹴ǡ 
һ 
Ҳûж䷲еƸ 
ûС̿жٸӣˡ 
䷲һ䣬뿪 
ɫѾ÷ס 
ЦҲ¶˵΢Ц 
Цˣŷűˡ 
ЦѾ˿Цİһ𡣡 
Цˣؿһۣƺ˵Ҷʲô𣿡 
üëƺ˵ôң 
תȥ 
ʱ䣬Ҫôȥ 
ڲ𣿡ſϣ۾ 
㵹һ㶼Լڿ 
и취ͻȻվ 
ʲô취۾ 
޸˵ 
Ҳи취Ҳ˵ 
ʲô취 
Ҽ޸˵Ūؿһۡ 
̲סЦˣ취ǲ 
ˡͻȻ 
һ㺰ʲô 
Ҽ޸仰𶯡 
辪ı飬Цˡ 
Ҫ޸ 
áͻȻܱߵı飬Ҽ޸ 
ֵסˡ 
ߵǰһ֬ˮۣʼ軭 
ص裬Ǽ˹ 
軭ϣתӾȡ 
ɢ٣һԲ󣬷òش⣬ӣ꣬Ҳ˼ɫ 
ȻһЦ 
һЦϸȥͻᷢǿЦ 
ҪҳɫࡣҺǺĻǲԭŮװ 
ǳ 
Ц 
ֻȴˡ 
䷲úܿ죬Ҳͬסˡ 
һ벻ͨһһŮʲôʱɫŮ 
һ벻ͨһһŮʲôʱɫŮ 
ЦЦԼ¡ 
⡭⡭ָָָָ裬ȵһ仰˵ 
Ϊǹӣ裬ﶼЦ⡣ 
䷲Ѿ˵ˡ 
Ҽ޸㣬ΣǰȥЦúܼ١ 
ԡ䷲ͻȻЦˡ 
ߣָָ 
š䷲ҡͷ 
ţüͷ 
š䷲ҡͷ 
Ϊʲô̲ס˵ˡ 
Ϊʲô䷲Цúܻ 
ЦˣǸĹ 
ҲǸĹӡ䷲ؿһ 
ô£һͷˮ 
㿴Ц 
㡭Ůӣŵؿ䷲ 
ǡ䷲̾һȴǵĶŮ 
òɽկկ㡣ڿʼˡ 
ɽկûйŮկҲڣԴСͰҵк֪һֱҪһк̳ɽկֵǣԴ֮ҲûһŮӽɽկҾƴϰ书ֻΪ˸ߵŮҲԼ̳λãǵǴźˣɽկеǲɽկģóֻһ·Ϊֹû֪ŮӣһֱʹƭԼһ޴ƭ֡䷲̾һе 
ȢҲΪ˷ڣ 
ǣλõʱԽҾԽ£ȢһӣҲġ䷲ǿЦһ¡ 
˵ǣȻ֪ˣұ㲻ˡ 
Ҫߣ۾ȴϬ 
䷲ҡͷҪɱǡ 
ɫˡ 
ؿɱǣ 
ЦˣܲܣҪ˲֪ 
˵꣬ѳʡ 
ıأ䷲ͻȻɱ 
ʳһϡ 
䷲Цˣ𣿡 
ҲЦˣǵδء 
뼫ᡣ 
ȤǣŮӵıգӵıǼᡣ 
ƴ 
   
                  
5 İδ
˭ûжһ 
˭ȶ˭ͱ 
һҪȶ 
һ͵סӵˣɵԼ 
Ϊ䷲ȶˡ 
磬ٶȺܿ졣 
ĸǶƶ趼ܲ 
ѲڽϣһȦһȦ 
䷲һЦһӣضɡ 
ûжϣ䷲ɫˡ 
䵽ϣյִ̳ 
ֱ衣 
ջأγһ״޷ıȦС 
ڱ䣬衣 
䷲Ȼһ𣬳֪ʱѲƵľ䡣 
ѱ¡ 
䷲۾ˡ 
ЦĳҲصϡ 
ŵؿ 
ҰˣΪʲôɱң 
ɱңҲɱ㡣轫ϵϡ 
Ҹղɱ㣬ȴһ䷲ס 
ҲһЦˣѲٳ֡ 
䷲Žִȥ 
߰ɣԶҪٻ䷲Ŀ𴦣˵ 
΢΢һЦȥ 
⣬һ˫۾ 
סˣ漴ǿЦһ£ô 
Ҫ׹Ҷ˵ˡ 
жٸˣͻȻЦˡ 
ǧ˰ʮ˸ӡҧгݵ˵ 
ˡЦȴЦˡ 
ζɱˡ 
ɱҲ𣿡ʵú档 
ǡشҲ档 
̾һֻһ취ˡ 
׹Ҷ 
ܡ˵꣬Ѿܳ˼Զ 
׹ҶȻû׷䷲ķ䡣 
Ҫʲô 
Ҳ䷲ȥ 
費ȥܣҲûȥܡ 
ֻϿӳɽկӵԽԶԽá 
֮䵽׷ʲô衣 
ûʲôЦˣѵĦյİ̺ۡ 
һԭ۲һζѡ 
 
ֻһ׸ôΪʲôҪһ 
Ϊʲô 
ƺʲôЦˡ 
⣬һˣжĽ˵úɡ 
ȴûôɡ 
ûٺܶ鷳 
Щ£Ѿȫˡ 
Ǳ𣿻ǱĬʹ 
Һ߻һ΢Цǿ 
ЦˣΪЦ 
ǣʵȻʵҪ̸ǸʵĻ⣬ӹ𣿡 
ҡͷ 
ôŪһüͷ 
ЦΪĿô 
ϴǷѾ˿࣬ŴǸߴŮƭʮӡ 
ʱ֪ƭӲǼܲµ¡ 
һΣ¶޽ͷҲȥƭˡ 
Ƕ𣿡ޱ˵ 
εʼ硣 
ȥ档ͻȻ˵ 
۾ 
ض顣 
ھУ㣬ĺ㡣 
ǳԵʱһˡ 
һǰѪմӷĹĽʬ 
ֻĺëֵطһˣǼܲ顣 
ʬ˵ˣɬ˻ƣˮˮ 
ʶ˺ȴӭȥ 
˭ 
ˮˮ 
Ϊʲô 
ˮˮ 
㱻׷ɱ𣿡 
ˮˮ 
̲סЦˣȪֻмԶѽʬˮߣʬȻֱˮ 
ˮһ 
аʱǽʬûͷûð 
ˡüͷˮܺ𣿡 
һۣҡҡͷ 
ոתͷɫˣضסĺ󷽣ʮ־֡ 
һתֽʬվһֻɿݵţ¶һЦı顣 
ЦţҲʬ˻֡ 
ʬ֣;ֱȥֻƺ̣ץͳԡ 
ЦһҲ 
ЦˣʬǲԿģֻ˲ŻԿ㣬֪Կ㣬˵˶ǽʬ 
Ǹ˽п㶼ˡ 
Һ趼ѾԱˣЩҲҪ 
֮Ǹ˵ɫźϵѪѾȪˮгϴɾ·˵⣬ûʲôطʬˡ 
˶ǸмһЦ 
ҽг㣬ҵ˥䣬Ұ㣬ӣѾûԶһˡǱ֮ɫ 
Ĭȴġ 
ǾңҵĶˣԸӴԺǣţǶҵĶ顣ͻȻˣ˵ؿ˺üͷ 
ݣ裬迴ڿǡ 
˿书ıΣտܻСܶ࣬ǣһһûһ̲һˣȻҪǡ 
Ҳ޷Ϊһ¡ͷȥеļթ 
ɽ𺣣ǡ˵úɡ 
ŪǮĿʱĿ⡣ 
ô򵥣㿴ǳš 
ԡᶨصͷˣӴԺǾͽ㡮㡯Σ 
ŪǮĿʱĿ⡣ 
ô򵥣㿴ǳš 
ԡᶨصͷˣӴԺǾͽ㡮㡯Σ 
˵ʲôʲô˵ͷ 
һϵıһӶˡ 
û 
ʱ 
ߵúܿ죬Ҳܿ죬ʱѾ˼һƱ 
¶΢ЦڣǮʲôأ 
ֻû뵽ûô򵥡  
                  
6 ɺ
ʤ 
˭ľɫ鶼 
Ҳһ 
棬֡ 
ԭҲôķ羰Ŀ΢Ц 
ǰҲû뵽תشĻʵȴڿ 
ʲôʱĵطסһʱ䣬Ǽô°۾˵ 
ǰˡϷŰ˵ 
̵˵𣿡 
ºȥ˵Լ 
ӵؿһۡ 
Ц㻹Ű 
Ϊʲôţ˵Ȼ 
ͻȻһ˿ۡ 
㡣ͻȻе 
㡮ৡһǰ 
صضԳ˵˼仰 
ֻܿ 
üͷתȥ뿪źš 
ߵķˬشı£˷Ҳڷ 
ת֡ 
ͣ͡ 
ͻȻһ쫷ϮߵͻȻվȣۿҪˮ 
ٵĲǱĺˮһůĻ 
Цˡ 
û°ɡһػ 
ô£򣬺ܿ񡣡лл 
áЦˡ 
Էſ𣿡΢졣 
ûз֡ 
֪𣿡˵Һϲĸо 
ˡ 
Ѿûйĸоˣ 
Ҳδй 
Ҳϲǣȴûָо 
ǲע 
ǣȴȻû 
⵽ô£ԣĲԡ 
Ļ 
С 
Цˡ 
 
ɻ 
֡ 
ҡҷ񣬻˼ 
𣿲ҪҲš 
ҹ 
ǸΣε硣 
΢Цڡδ䡣 
峿䣬档 
ֻкһȷԼһˣһꡣ 
ͻȻҪӡ 
һȻаȫУְȫʱҲ¡ 
ڽ⼲۵ϣסϵļƱ۾ɬƺҪ 
Ҫȥ֪ 
ҪȥʱãȻҡͷþȥ 
һˣ˵õĵط 
̾һ 
㲻ٶԣ𳵿ʼۡ 
ȫİĵطȫİˡ 
ܶ˶ãȻڽŵŮӾš 
פ㣬ͣ͡ 
ԥ飬ںϡ 
һֱ˼γߣǶǴ 
漴ЦǶǴѾ뿪ˣ뻹 
ֻӣȴһҪ⣬֮Ҫô죿ȥȥ 
ȥ 
ôܻȥ 
ô 
һҿջУ˳ԡ 
ҹĻ١ 
ȥȫš 
һҹδߡ 
峿϶һֲ԰ףƺҲӮ 
費˼롣 
ǿЦˣôˣ 
ûԲ 
ʱҲĪǣĵλ֪ʱѾñҪ 
ʲôأ 
ǲأ 
¶ˣȷڷ˷Ƶ 
һҹʳ֮ҹ 
û˷޷˺ѷεʹ 
¡ 
ڣɵѩѩ 
ѩѩڵĻ 
һһʹû 
һʳ֮ǰ 
ףʳΪʲôôӽ 
̲סؽһ 
һӰƴ롣 
һҧס촽 
Ӱֱס 
Ӳתͷȥҧ촽 
Ϥ 
е˻ƣôˣ 
衣 
Ͼҵˡ 
Ҫʱ 
ô᲻֪Ǵεˮⰲŵģ 
ǣȻжˡ 
ڣͺܸж 
ÿįʱ򣬳ֵĶ 
ǹ⣿⣿ 
ΪٰҲٱ 
ȻΪʲô 
һΣӵסϣٱſ 
ʹô޷ӡ 
ǣһҹһȥ 
֡ 
һȥ𣿡ʡ 
˵ͷ 
ԺҪ˺𣿡ʡ 
ٴε˵ͷ 
Цˣᱧ߳˿ջ˵СĲĿ⣬߳˿ջ 
ʵغš 
ûз֣豧߳ջʱ˼Ŀ⡣ 
ظе˺⣬˳һۡ 
º͵Цš 
  
                  
7 ˵
ѩ绨䣬絶 
ѩһһĽӡӡټ 
ٴһ죬֪Ӻʱʼϲɫ°ףƣࡣ 
ѩߣӰӡ 
ںԶĺ棬Ц⡣ 
ܹˡ 
ˣ 
ġ 
ֱļʱ̲÷ 
ѰԷģҲҪ֡ 
һ֣ˣӮˡ 
ѩţӡһĽӡ 
ľȻôɴ 
ͻȻһ˫ֻ 
һǹһ΢Ц 
ݣƺҲǻء 
ڣǺ 
ڿնһ˲䣬ոˡ 
ԭô֣ 
ģδйĸо 
ת˾Ͱ˰ɡ 
ܰзպʹ£жôɡ 
Ǵζġ 
Ц 
ǲ 
ʵһֱ˰ɡ 
Լûø 
Ϊʲôûеõ 
Ȼ 
ߣ𣿡ͻȻյߣص˵ 
ȥʡ 
ѷ˦硣Ц⡣ 
ֺˡ 
Ц 
סʩչṦʼ񱼡 
ɷϣȷܿ졣 
ǣȴظ 
ֻͣ£ü̾һ 
ȢǲҲҪǣʳ㡣 
ǡʵʵػش 
ˡ 
ͻȻðһ仰֮ģ˽֮ 
סˡ 
Цˡ 
ӴԺ󣬳һµĳƺţɰɱ֡ 
һƺҪЦ 
̫䣬Ҳˡ 
ţЦӡ 
ڣܲתȥ 
ܡشغܿ졣 
ɰɱ֡Цˡ 
ֵǣȻˡ 
ˡڿջΪʲôأ 
ߣһ裬Цš 
Ƕֻ֪ϣˣе֪֮뿪ǡ 
㲻ߡ 
״򲻶 
ȻˣǹȻɰµӡ 
̾һ 
ţı֡ 
ҿջס˶ˣʡ 
Сˡüͷ 
ǲ̫ˣ 
е㡣 
߰ɡ̿ʼʰ 
𣿡֪ڶ𣿡 
Ȼô 
ȥ˯ߡ⡣ 
š顯һˡ 
迴ŽյķţЦ 
ٿſǸӣЦˡ 
װ׵д֣ܡ 
ص䣬ţ˺ܴ 
ҹ˯ 
һŵķ䣬ӵס 
˯£ȻͲˡ 
糿۾ԼİϢΧ 
ԾȻǳ㡣 
ҪѣѾƿš 
סˣҲء 
ԶҲˣ㵵ı顣 
һʱ䣬ѻȸ 
ͻȻЦˣһһ 
һ죬ӱ 
ڵϣɵɵЦ 
ͷʧһǳɣԼѪȣӿʼٷŴȴôҲҲЦķ 
뿪һ˲䣬۾ͻȻ 
ǹŲпЦ⡣ 
ˣҵġ˵úƽ 
ΪʲôҪ䡣 
ϲ㣬Ϊʲôԣ֪Ҳȴƽ 
ȻһЦ 
㣬Ӯˡ 
ת뿪 
ȥס 
档 
ƾʲôӵ㣿񱩵غš 
ûǿ𣿡ͻȻÿ顣 
طſ֣ӰԶȥ 
ڽϺʶš 
Ѿ 
Ըһ 
Ѿݡ 
 
ǣΪʲôҪѣ 
Ϊʲô 
Ϊʲô 
Ϊʲô 
Ҹôѣʧȥȴô 
ʹôͻȻô޷Ԥϡ 
ˣͬĽǻ 
λꡣ 
˼룬ƺѷɵңԶĵط 
 
 
ָ֪ожʹ 
ʹ顣 
ô죿 
ô˵ 
ô 
 
ǰ𣿲һֱúܺ 
ôᣬͻȻأ 
˭Ĵ 
˭д 
ĲѣĲΣ 
Ҳ˭ûд 
  
                  
8 ϵʼ
ƣĮпĶš 
ǰһ˺һ˵ľʼһ 
˵𣿡촽š 
ߡ费ҡҡͷ 
㡭ǰһ 
ۿ㻹Ҫ˵ʲôʲôˣǿһѿЦݡ 
ŵĵ۾ңд˿ɬ 
ƭңҵ۾ȴᡣ͸۾ֻʹࡣ 
ҡҲƭ㣬㲻֪𣿡һᣬˮ 
ȴ޶ԣҲ㡣 
ʹţ䣬ȴ䡣 
죬ȴҲ˵ 
ôͣô͵壿 
ѩǲ԰׵ģ׵Ŀѣ 
֮֮УԽ޾Խ 
ת뿪Ӱ¼Ŷɣζ 
ӣȴٱ⡣ 
ô죿ô 
һУ 
סǽڣ䵽棬ۡ 
֪жమ㣿 
ΪʲôҪộ 
ҪҪ 
跳ľʵĵذȥȴ֮ȥеǷݾ 
ʲô᲻Σգ 
Ѿ˱ѣΪʲôˣ 
ŮӾڣ֪ܴ̲ס 
ΪѾжԭһֱ˰ˡ 
ĵÿһѪڱýӲ 
ûȻ 
İѲᵭǰ˿̹ǣúҡ 
ǣôأ 
ЦİԽʱȴһ 
ȻȲһµӡ 
ƾʲôƾʲôԴİ 
Ϊ˾ְλΪ磻Ϊ书Ϊұ˼䣬ҵʮСĴټ 
Ĵ󣬾ǰ 
ˣء 
ǰһжã书ߣòҲһ˲š 
ţڴϣʧǡ 
Ǳ˵Ժвϵǻ 
һ˫Ϥһۣƺһ˿Ц 
轩ס 
ǳ㡣 
ҫ 
Ӯˡ 
ȻһЦǰȥ 
䣬һӰƣҡҡ׹ƺһ̾Ҫ¡ 
Ȼһ 
󲽿ȥӵϷ 
һЦ 
ΪʲôѾˣΪʲôҪĥңסǱʹ֮ɫ 
ġ΢š 
ſ˫Ŀʧ 
ΪʲôԼŪأΪʲô 
ؿҵȵģһֱ㡣 
㾿ʲô˼նؿʩ𣿡 
㻹ⲻһѣһֱң㲻ңô㲻֪Ĳ֪ǲΪеĸ趼ʩ᣿ʩ𣿡ЩѾߡ 
Ĭ 
ͻȻһѱ˵Բ𡣡 
ᣬǣЦˡ 
ġ 
̫һʱ䱻ͷԣŻ 
صƿ 
İ̺ȴҸġ 
伣֪١ 
һƽˡ 
Ȼֲͨ 
ת仰ܾˣֱòһ졣 
ǵʧȥĵ 
ûб䡣 
üͷ˵Ρ 
ô죿ò衣 
࣬ڿ˼ڤ룬Ҳǿӡ 
ЦӣӵȥôӣֻҪһңҾӲ 
۾ͻȻһ 
㣬ҲԲ㣬㲻㣬㻹㣬Ϳ𣿡 
üͷһҲû 
Ҫҵ㣬ҪǵʥŮûˣһжΪת㲻ʲôתͿԲȥʥŮ𣿡˵дʡ 
Цãתģ޷ı 
һ㵣ͻȻԼô 
ص̾һô죿 
ҡҡͷʾ֪ 
ֻһ취ˡͻȻ˵ 
̿ 
ȥʥŮɡ˵ 
ݺݵصһۣÿζ 
˵ġ˵ȥʥŮ취ӳ 
̾һôס 
ЦˣԱҲףһû⡣ 
һ㶣￪ʼ 
ãҴӦЦˡ  
                  
9 ԧİŪܶ
һ֯ 
ʮ꣬ǵʥŮ 
ʥŮת 
ʥŮߵȵְλһжʥŮָӡ 
˵ȴһֳصĸԸȨλصʥŮǸȥ˼ġ 
һݳ޵뷨 
һεʳ¶ݡ 
˲ôҵ 
Ψһİ취ȥʥŮ취 
Ϊû취ȥˡ 
ߵ·ϵţһǾ͹ع£˵ʥŮع 
˺һȺ˸ 
п˵ 
ǷȴѾˡ 
ԽͻȻ˵Ҹȥ 
ϲߺʥŮ 
һ˲䣬˶˼ 
һŮӶһʥŮߡ 
ҪߣһŮסĹ涨Ǽ飬ʥŮ󡣡 
ЦҼ顣 
Ҫ飬ͱиڳ˵ʺԳӣ뾭ɽ𺣵Ŀ顣Ůƽ˵ţȴѾë 
ɽ𺣣ʲô 
ǶǾɽ𺣲żģ 
ŮӼ벻ҪŮһۣƺһ˿Ū 
ܲܡȴȥЦ 
ԡŮһȥ 
ֻøϡ 
迴صĵͷҽ۽ǳ鴤ĸо 
ѹŮӡ 
ֻӣߣһԲǵ 
ǰŮŮӦȨȽϸߣǵһֽݣȻһλġ 
Ѿȫ˼뷨Ů飬ҲĹﶺΪʥŮѣҲֵ𾴵ġ 
ʱ֪𰷫ŮϷˣ 
鹬εżɫѵŮӴ߾Ҫؿһۡ 
Ц룬һЩŮ̫ûпӵԿʱŻô档 
֪ЩŮӴʼʹδӵ 
ܿͼ 
ʱΪԼŮ 
һ°׵Ļͷڷж죬ɫɫȣ˾ʱӡ 
ǲͣмʥŮ 
Ŀͣϣʱһа취𣿡 
ҡͷ 
ƲƲ졣 
迴ɰĶɵЦˡ 
Ů㳡ɨһ飬ȫŷߣʥŮ 
ЧʥŮͻĺһ 
˺þòûЦǵ׳ʿһȥζ 
ֻصͷϾǾŮӣǲһ 
ʽ鼤Ļнˡ 
ص䣬ֻȫƺҪɢˣôҲû뵽ƯĻôأرͷΣе벻ͨԼôôòӻûжϡ 
ɴĶ£ԼƮ 
һתͶһ˫ 
һʲôʱվģ˷ʵе㡭 
һЦˣˣ 
ûصһۣǣŵòᡣ 
۾Ƚǰǻöˡ 
ˡ⺰ 
һŮǰʥŮкηԸ 
㣬ܲʥŮüͷ˵꣬ͿŮӵɫˡ 
ʥŮʥŮʥŮ齫ŮͻȻˣɫ̿֡ 
Ǿ֪תֹһ廰ˡ 
ǣҪһתȴϼѡŮӶһ£ǻʮ꣬ҵʥŮʥŮҵתʱʥŮʥŮͿ뿪ˡ 
üͷһʥŮҪʮʱ䣬ʮʥŮʲô 
迴Ҳء 
һ 
֪һҲתǾŮ 
ҪҵǶôѵ°Ѿ磬ҲԶҲ޷ٻȥˡ 
ҲԻȥ޷뿪 
̾һµĺ鷳 
òӵҸôԼ鹬У 
ǣҪôأŷô÷ѾǧҵʥŮӵأ 
ԽԽˡ  
                  
10 Ļ䷱
ҹշתֻ࣬Ǹ 
ñ 
ǣĴȴǡ 
ṴǣƺֻˣǾɣɣǸҪ 
ͷ£š 
ŸոһӰһشڳ鹬 
ϣһš 
Ȼϰߵƿķţȴסˣյġ 
ץϵţɷд仰 
üͷֲɵսϵֽ 
ȥʲôˣΪʲôҪ뿪죿Ϊʲô 
迴ɫһˣҲǷ˰ɣ᲻벻ͨ 
ǣ취û취ܼˡ 
ǣһλ磬Ҳһƽ١ 
֪ӡ 
Ķӡ 
Ҳĺӡ 
ƫƫԶ봥ʹĸ˵Ĵڱǳ衣 
ľ飬ܶ飬ʧȥһС 
ȴˣΪŮ 
һ飬Ҳ֮ 
˵ķʽǿ 
һ˼䣬һ˺ڡ 
Ϊ飬Ż˼䣬Ż 
ΪûһڣѾˣҲѾڹˡ 
δ赱ӣǵĳ衣 
ϾǸ⣬̲סע 
ǣȴܺؽ硣 
ӦⱲӶ˵ܡ 
ΪҪܣʹ硣 
Ƕô˺ѷεʹ 
Ƕ軹Ƕⶼһĥ 
ȴòѡһ 
ܿ죬ͻص硣 
ĻҪö࣬һ£һ֪ˡ 
̶Ŭѹĵ׵ʹ࣬һЦݡ 
 
˭۾ֱӡ 
㡣ǰơ 
ҪʲôЦһƽ 
ҪȥʥŮȥ֪Ҫܹ֡ 
ⲻܡתȥ 
һҧ㿪 
ãҾʹӦǹһ˿Цݡ 
ʲô费ʵѲ³ˡ 
˫ۣԶ磬һ顣شĿݳ 
ȻѾµˣֻû뵽ȻҪһ˫۾ 
ãҴӦЦˣɺۣɣҲһֵ 
ĺǣĸ塣 
һжԵô˳£˼䣬ʥŮ 
ôΪʲôҪ˫ָն˫ۣΪʲô 
ŻɡЦˡ 
֪֪ΪʲôҪɣΪ㣬㣬Ҳſɡû㣬һʲôģҡͷô᲻ôɺ۾ȡɣֵãֵð 
տյͻȻҲֻ֪Ҹ 
ңܻ۾۾ҲŻҸᣬʹ絶 
ҡͷҲ֪ 
֪ 
֪ܻ˫ۡ 
Ҫһ˫۾һ 
ô̵ֲ֪ķ 
ͻȻվĺȥ 
Ҳ֪۾ 
˹˵״ҡͷУʹа취ҲУҲܸ㡣 
壬ҺҲԿʧȥ˫ۣҲ޷Լʧȥɡʹҡͷ 
ǡԥ 
ͨһ˵ϣˡ 
ãҸ㣬ɲɵ°̾һ 
šͷشӦ 
ӹʧǵĽţΪʲôŮô޵Ҫȥ˫ۣ 
νİ취ֻ仰˫ۣ˫ۣɣɡ 
򵥶пİ취 
Ϊʧȥô࣬ЩҪ 
Ը 
ôܣ 
£ﻹԼ 
̧ͷҰգԳһЦϾǻصˣ顣 
ĴһжĴĳʼһĴ 
ҲĴڣݡ 
ΪΪѵõ 
ԭһֱڳˡ 
ߵˣһһȥһΣѲʧȥ 
۾¡ 
ģһУˣ޷ı䡣 
һˣȴ˿Ц 
Ҳôʹࡣ 
Լʹ࣬˵ʹࡣ 
ԼĥҲñĥ 
ôԼһаɣͲôڵġ 
Է˰ɡ 
ϣް 
ްʹ 
ȴǽڶѡ 
PSˣҸô죬ȴôʧȥ 
īĵظߴңĲǱŶ 
 
׽࣬һõнİ죬Сɣ¾ 
ѾȻʹߣһһߵ룺溵ʲôãͱòƯı㣬ҲƱҶƾʲôͲϲˣһʯͷһСĵºУһûü˵ͳȥˡ 
ˣ䶼һӣȥ 
ƫƫֺܻСһͿĻǰһѾŮϣͳһʵĹ 
۾ҽԺ̫ƽ䡣ޣôô 
ŵҽԺȰѻʿŵ˹ȥ߼Ȼ˸ո˦ѣ 
㶵ؿŵúܴѾͷʱŽһ䣺溶 
ʲô溶ĻǾȻеϡ 
ãȻҪ˺ÿ  
                  
1 
˻ڣȴѲ 
ΣԼҪԼƭ 
еһһ죬һһС 
뵽裬һʹ 
ֵֵ 
ѵ֪һ 
ȵĺڰ֮УԶԶǶôʹ¡ 
ȥ 
֪Ը⣬ᡣ 
Ҫô죿ܴ 
ɣΰѣͷʹѡ 
㻹ڰˣһӴǰ 
ۣԾؿŲ֪ʱվڴǰŮӡ 
˭ôģΪʲôȫ֪ 
Ůûлش⣬ߵǰĺܰ裿 
ô֪ü 
Ϊʸ֪ˡŮӵĴ߹һ˿Цݡ 
ǡһ 
һЦʾϡ 
ıѾɾ㵱˷ŭΪʲôộΪʲôҪȥ˫ۣ 
ңЦһ£ȻʹӣϾҵĶӣǱ룬ΪʲôҪȥ˫ۣ 
Ϊʲô˵ 
ȻԼĿԣôᶮĿ˸˼£ָֻƽ 
һʱ䣬Ĭ 
ô˵ҲãҲգⶼѳ˶֣𣿡תȥ 
˼ǣһжǵ֣üͷ 
ǵ֣ǵĽ٣һж˵꣬ʧ 
һжૣͻȻոսӴ˼ʱʦ˵ľôҲĻ 
콵⣬ 
Ů֣ 
ǧתۣ 
ƽ档 
ƽ𣿡üͷԽԽʲôƽ 
һƺѾ 
ֻĴԽԽ١ 
ͻȻʲôˣƽһмȻĴǾеɡ 
ЦˣһһоԼ 
ظܵĴڡ 
£ôˣ 
ҺܺãҪġЦˡ 
лһ˿ʹĺܺš 
ôˣ쵽ĳĬüͷ 
û¡ŬһЦݣȻ֪Ȼܸо 
Ҳַֻĵ˵ 
û˵һС 
֪ʵû۾Ҳܺãۻ磬绹˼䣬˰ֻ࣬п㣬Ҳܸоһ㴿֣š 
һ˿жת˲ţ̾һ 
̾Ϊʲôüͷ 
һȻܸо 
ֻеϧѡ򴽣ֹϧ 
û£ҪϧֻҪ㲻ңͺˡ΢΢Цˡ 
ǰȻĳ嶯 
ںôܲں 
ͻȻȥ 
ȥ㰾һ 
΢Цŵ˵ͷ 
㣬ȻǴ󲹡 
ҩҩ 
ȥ 
ȥôеһеˣ 
ȣҲҲûлʹˡ 
رٵߣֱ¡ 
Ц˵ĺܺá 
Ȱɡ˸š 
áغ 
ڣ͵ȴԺۺɡ 
Ѿʱȥˣվţûе¡ 
ʱɻô£ 
˼Уͽȥ 
¶һ˿ȻЦݡ 
ڣΪһЩ°ɡ 
һǿҵĹâ߽ģеԼԽԽᣬֽƺεգǰһƬڡ 
ɹˡ 
Ķͷǰһǣ漴ת뿪 
һ·ϣײײûз 
ĺѣ֪ҲϾҪˡ 
һΣһ˰ɡ 
ʧȥһ˿ڵأˮһһε 
Ȼ¶Цݣ٣Ϊһ¡ 
ⱲΪĵһ£ҲΪһ¡ 
Զڡ 
ΪңһΣٺԼġ 
ǽٰ 
Ȼ޷Ľ٣ôʲôԺµأ 
ǵת 
һϤʹѾ 
һˣһڡЦˡ 
ͻȻһůĻĺɵ֪ܻ 
㡭ͻȻһ 
ҵôˣ 
ָǰģˡḧƽ˵ 
𣿡Цˣ˵ƽ𣿡㲻ʧ𣿡 
Ȼᡣֻ⻬ա 
һʧȥʶ 
һ߻졣 
ˣ㻹ˣΪİĥ𣬽 
ҲˣˡǸ 
ˡ 
ȻʧȥһУȴӮ 
ʧˣѹ 
㲻áǰһ仰 
ã 
  
                  
2 
ﲻ磬Ҳ˼䣬һָζ磬Ҳ˼䡣 
ڤ硣һͳ 
ڤ磿𣿡ȻһЦΪȻ 
ƺЩŭ 
Ѳ빶Цǲм 
ԼûȨ֧䡣΢΢ 
ǣΣṴں 
ԣˡ仰ʶ 
û䣬Լģˡɿ˵̹Ȼ 
Ϊӵв֮𣿡ȥ 
֮㲻Ҫߣңʲôǲ֮󺰡 
ôˣ 
ҡΪʲôôʵ 
˵νҹǣλʵȴȫ֪ 
ôˣץס֣ƽ 
һֱ˯ţ˯ڡظ 
ŶҲΰɡ 
ϧؿ㲵һ˯һ̫ĥˡ 
˯ˡ 
Ҳšૡ 
üͷεʲôˣ 
Ҿšҡͷ 
סѵĳ嶯תԱߵϡ 
Ȼ߽ 
ͽΪ 
϶ãˡ 
ƽףЦˡ 
ĺܰܰ 
ڣȴʹࡣ 
ֻ֪֪ÿʱÿ̶п뿪 
ԣ粽롣 
ֻϣҹҹܿ 
 
ӽԺ󣬲ٿˣҲû˭ֵᡣ 
ɼ۾࿴һСģʡ 
ܹоעӣů 
ȴҲ 
û 
Ҳ 
Ǹı˲ 
ǰ˵ģû 
֮ʲô˼ 
ǻİ 
ûܹԶ 
Ҳһ 
⡣ 
ͬһ顣 
飬顣 
飿ħ 
ͳͳڡ 
Цڵõ 
ΪʲôĴ𰸡 
ֻУܵõһеĴ 
ôҲҪ 
˯ȥԶ˯ȥɡ 
Զ˯ȥ 
ҲҪ 
ټ 
𡭡 
㣬Ȼǵ㡣 
ҲϤЦòѾ 
ǣڡ 
Զᡣ 
Ҫߣ𣿡УԼԼ 
 
ۣǰһƬ 
ǵ 
һõĻڿš 
ҫһС 
 
꣬ﳤ档 
ֻҪþá 
ࡣ 
ޣ£Զ뿪㡣 
ӭչЦţɫĻ 
һ˫֣С仨ƵһǳС 
ӴԺ㲻ټį 
ΪԶ㡣 
Ϊ裬Ϊɡ 
ң 
һǧѣת˲š 
Ҳٳߣ㲻Ҫ뿪 
ҫ۵ĻЦˡ 
ģôܲף 
衣 
Ʈ 
ԶػԶ뿪 
һ꣬һǧ꣬һꡣ 
벻 
ૣ˯ˣͼ޸ңòã 
ƺˣ˰Ļꡣ 
縧գһƬů 
ͽҸ 
ǣȷҸš 
һ˵ӴԺûмį 
ģǣҲį 
ΪεػԶ 
˵ 
ǼԹ 
⣬ 
価⡣ 
ѣ 
Ṵ̄įǧǧҡ 
İ· 
ɺҺᰡ 
ʱʱ 
ֻԸЯֶȺա 
ǳδ壬 
ḳݰ 
Ʈ죬 
ա 
ղδ 
ǧꡣ 
 
ǿͶδ䡣 
PS  
                  صС˵ԣwww.27txt.com
ӭȥƼС˵