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һ 1

ҺԩģǱ淢ֵĽҾķ䡣

ʱ˾˺;趼ڼңҲȥ˭

һ߿ţһȫѱѹ档ҺޣΪʲôһжˣѱþ⣬ҡ

ǸҴæӱҿӴŭ죬ǰһŽߵڵأģҲǿһ˿ҵıãһһƫһ

ҴûŮ·µӣڣҵıͻȻǰ¶ţķ飬ص٣Ҿʧ룬ҼæŤȥ

һҵһǸ˴ӵ¿㣬ĳȻ˻ӱҵĴ˳ȥ

Ҫȥ׷һסҡҵͷһѾñסԼӡǸֱڻš

֪һܺ¡кܶ£约¾ھӣ̣ȥ̾˿˱ߣЩɫ֮˴󵨣ץסЩܺ˵

ıõļ磬û·ǻĸоҵֿһ¡ŬһԼ˵ӣ¡ٱ

û뵽ȴһƿҵ֣ݺݵĸһƣŭ˭ģҹȥ

ҵʹ˾˺;ڿ˵

ˣǸ˸ղΪʲô˿ҪҴҵۻһ˾˾˺;濪š

һ˾ǻˣúȻʹ޵ôģҹ˲øղǸƣһܣǰȥο

˾˺;ʡӣôˣ˽

ҿˣžҵͷŴϾӵڿ㣬û˵һ仰

Ҳû˵ֻоԼ˵Ȼһ취û뵽Ȼ۾޺޵Ķңһƴһϣ

ݺݵ㣬ɫǣҹ

ҲɫǣҺԩȻþҲΪҽֻͣݺݺĿ

ˣһΪЩ¶ҸɵġһúͻȻȱõ⧲Ĵҵ۾ҪͻȻʹҰ۾˾ˣ˾һһԲãһŪίǣ˾˱ȥҲٿҡ

˾˾û˹ˣȻڶңһʲô˵ҳ䣬ί¥

˾׷ûңֻһѳƱ

ĺ棬ʱҸǰһˤ˵ԽԶԽãԶҪ

ҰѾ˾˸ҵǮУһ紵ѩһ׷Ʈ

ҵתˡҲ֪ı飬һֱûлͷѩ׷ɵĳƱ

ûзֻ֪ǰҺޣǿסˣ˵ٿ޵ģӦñǿ

и˾˵ġڶǵ֮ǰʹ˺ѷε̫Ĳǣҡ

û˾¹һ仰ʹ;˾˺ǰ÷Ŀĳ֪ĶԹΪʲôûҵĸס

ǣΪңǶԼϣ˾˿õķչҡ

Һ;˾˰谲Сɽ£Ȼ뿪Ǽ߷

ҷģҪԵ裬ھ˾˼㶪¡ָһǡ˾˼ǺװޣļҾߣǰִĵҸе޴롣ڲ֪˵Ĺ֮־ôͬĸáҲǹЩϵӣһǴ䣬ƮƶײԼ

ʱʱСģ⡣û뵽䵽˽³ʵͲ⣬Ǿ˾˵˾䣺ѰˣҲӻıԼҿͱϳȥˡ

Ҳ֪˶ãҲ֪˶ԶҷҵĽЩʹʱѵƻͨ

һ˵ĹҲñ˿ǵӣƧȥ

һȽϺڰĽֵϣЩײһˡ

һŮˣﱧŸӡԵر𾪻ţͣЩ֣ûһ˾ЩߺХ

Ů˻еĺӱ۾һһ֪úء

ҺȻôܶǰˣ豧ȥҽԺ龰ʹ

ҿԶԶһҪˣʲôҲû룬ҳȥվ·м䡣

һɲͣҵĸǰصײ

Ŵ򿪣һп鵶̵꣬ȭͷҳ߶ݺݵǲˣӳȫ㣡 



2

ҲΪŮ˻вصĺӣֻܶС˵Բҡ

һû˵꣬Ů˾ͱźӳ˹ĵкðɣͺȥҽԺɣúء

˭ֻ֪ŭ

ʱ򿪣һīŮͷʣʲô£

һôϤ֣Ҿ˾˼ֻȹ֡

ûشŮ˱㱧źӵ˳ڣĶǸīŮ˵æȾȺӰɣȥˣ

˵ߴᡣ

Ůûشֻ

ȥżԳŮ˵㣬ֲ120ǿиҪ£ҪǴˣֻ´ӴץǵΣ

Ůûĳ㻹𣿣

˵ˣǴ򿪳šŮ˱źȽȥȻȥߡ

ǻûãͰѳˡĻͷʣȥģ

߱űŮժīԲۣͷĵôϻɶ㲻֪ҽԺȥ𣿣

Ȼûκ˵쳣ơ

첻ΪǣȻ˼죬ȴ쳣ȡ

ߵŮ˶ʮ߰ͣŰɫTӺֱ۶׹⻬һ˫۾ǣʱǰ

л˯ĺӣǸɰСŮңСӣС԰׵ûһѪɫ

ҵǺӣȫȻŮ֮ӡҺŮ˿̫Ҳ䣬·¶࣬ʱһҵֱ۱ֱһȻֻôһ˲ʱıлǼҵġ

Ҳָоʱ򣬾ܲȥΪʲôҪҶ𱨣ҲŮ˻вصĺӡ

ԱŲŲӣɢԼעȴ鲻ԽİԱȽߵŮ˺ı

Ů˲ͣӡ

һǸĵޣһǵܽظ·һ˲ŭһЦȴᡭ

һûüúͣȴһҽԺſͣ

ҺŮ˸մӳϳתͷȥ

ʱע⵽ɫĳģԳɶץʲôεģҲǴˡҸеΣǾȻ˶ǸīŮ˵лл

һҽԺСŮͱͽ˼ңҺŮ˱⡣

Ů˺ż뾡취οȴûҵĻͣ۾ȥš

Ҹɴ಻˵ˣ˵ҲûãҲ簲Ա

һγĬ֮ȻƵģҲŤͷңֻţʣŶʲôأúúлл㡣

Сʱ賣˵Ҫˣ׷һĺˣ˺²һֱ*֪ΪʲôΣһŮҵ֣Ҿ쳣ļ

Щ˵ҽѰ

ҰѡѰ˵úأ˵壬ǲס

ʱҵŴˣСŮڳﱻʿƽһ䲡

СŮһҺŮ˶żǿôˡ˫˫վǱȥһҽȴǰ棬ʾվס

ҽŮˣһ࣬۾Ҳ˵⺢е⣬ܵš

Ȼְ۾תңְֵҲ̫ˣӳѾöˡǰôû

ҵӵİˣҸеִܾ١Ů˸ߺͰ͵ĵҽ

ҽĻ۾ʣ⺢ϵʲô£ǵëӣ

ʱҿŮŽǵʧˣʹ֣̿ʹĻ˻ԴǸմӶҪ˦ĳּľĶЩƺҪʹҧԼ촽ŬվԼˮ

ҿóŮһи޴˰̣˰̵̫Ը˿ĿˮǰҽȴҪ̵Ľҿ˰̣Щˮ

ҽʱ֪жൣĺסŭʣҽڵôˣ 



3

ҽôּŮƺǳʹ࣬ûҪش˼ֻҡҡͷ̾˿Ӳ˹Ⱦţںùˣ˯㡣ȥɣҪϢ

ҺŮлҽСŮĲСŮ˯ţ׾ЩĽɫܾȡ

ŮŰ˯ĺӳ˿ǧص

Сƽ£Ҹʱ뿪Ůûߣ޴ȥҾͼװѺףŮź

׼ҵʲôŮĴʱ䣬Ȼҽ˵ҪǱźϢֻñ죬ŮһСĲ߳Ĭ

ʼһĬоӣʱһƣҲֲ֧סſڴ˯ˡ

˸Σμҵ衣·һ¶ĺӣ**һǰôůȫ*û˱ȥĵط

ȴȻƿңƮȻȥڼʧ֮ǰ̲סͷ˿ң֮ǰһģһ

ʹޡ

ңһǸŮˣƹ£ңˣһĵΣ

һڸղŵУûлش

ʪʪһƬɢۿﻹڹϢĪǸղ˯ҲŴأǿϣѹһμůĻ

ŮҲɵ۾ϺȻ˿ɰĺΣ˼ĵͷ

ҲҸղеĿСŮȻˣ۾Ŀ˿Ůֿ˿ҡ˺һŶŮ˵裬ǲҽԺҲãΪˡ

ôɰµСŮ

Ů˸£۵˵ô࣬ú˯ɣء

СŮ㲻˵ˣ۾ܿ˯ȥ

ǿŮ˯Ҳ˯ģԶԶģٿļϣϾǸİŮˣΪġ

ڶϣʱѴСŮڴϣر壬ҽѩȥˣұ㡣

΢ЦŸͷ˵ѩùԣ£ˡ

ûŮ˻ҾʹҴҵ뿪ҽԺҪȥԣҵھŵǰϵӦƸǼҹ˾

һӦƸҺܽšʵ˾˼ҵĵڶ죬Ϳʼȥҹˡɳƺ˲гһƸᣬҾȥҷҪΪġ

öҾ񶼲һšɳƺѧеĵط˲гϼЩŻĴѧһԸҳûġҲǸûũޣʲôᣬжδܱҵ

ҴСֻ֪СʱæϷʱһ˱æϴʱһǻΪʲôҲĲңҪѶʮüи˾˵ԭ

ӲһõǷرء

ѩСġ̻ҡ˵ϲϲŮ˵塣ΪЩʦжΰ֪޵ģصŮϹ֪ϼɣҲһåûʲôʵġ

˵Ҳǣ⿴˱óӣҵҲ֪һ˿ҵŮʲôӡ

һֻ뻭ҵ裬ֻʹࡣ

ҵŮˡҳ֮ǰΪ軭˷ûǸˣҲ֪˭ӲҡҳǷ

ҲϲҵǷ֪һ¡ЩһҲģҲȥ롣

ҵģҲϲһǷҺɵĻҸϲΪǷʹࡣ

Ƿڰ׵ĻҵĻôɫͷסǻȷʵҵĻ޷Խ࣬ʮ˾꣬ഺ¶Ҹ΢ЦɯųıӣͿȣǸͶϿŰѳͷҳĻ

ƴĻһ죬ҿ轫һǷСĵķһʱĵĿˡ֪һ۶Ҳ޷Ƿڰ׻ӼĨͬȡ޷Ǵǰעʹһ

֮ǰҰһģҵǷǷڰ׶װһʲôˣΨԶ˼

Ϊ裬ôƴĻջûҸҲڣʲôᣬҹû

һĵŮѧҳ˲гǻȥһҵԱĹԣҲȥԵҹ˾ı˵ҵԱҪҲҪƾֻҪһ졣

ҶһҲϤ뿪ҽԺòҵǼҹ˾ʱʱѹŵ㡣

ѯ̨С㣬ԡСбۿ˿ңָָָ

ָķһһ¾

ҿ˺ܶ˧ŮһӵڵǰæšҸеѹȸеԱƫƫҵ²ַǵôм 



4

ΪܹԼͷͨм䣬ȥЩˡ

Ҳ֪ǰӭ䲻ײЩŵᡰѽһ֪ײϵǸŮˡ

Ȼ󡰰ȡһʲôײڵأˡ

죬Щ湤ˣΪҷĵġꡱ

֪ǻˡҼæһذȫЩմɵƬЩƬܾϸ滹Ļơһ豭һĲ豭ʢĲ豭ˡˮڵʣŵ˵㡣

Ҳ̧ͷһæȥЩƬ

û뵽ҶµʱҲҲЩƬ֡һϡֹ⻬ϸĸоһһӾͰ˻

ҲײĲ豭֣Ǻã

ȴɫ˫ּЩƬ޳ʮָС

ʱһŮ˵

ҺͬʱվҴҴƳһۡ찡ɵˣʵôеԼ߽һӾ磿һ⡷ĻԴĳʣ۾

ЩϢҷǳǸضЦЦȻͷҲһصǱȥ룬Цһɵѿ

ŽȥʱһŮ˳Ǹɳƺ˲гҵԱŮѧ

ЩͷɥεĶЦЦȻתˡ

Ȼֻǲ˭Ҳû˭˵һ仰ٿԸı飬ףǱˡұͲƽĸӻҡôĴѧûͨԣңϷ

ѱƿ˶ҡҵǰѿ˽ȥôҲ˼˳Ҳͽﻢ£ӲͷƤ˽ȥȻϡ

ҵĳٵ˶ˡǰԵŮϲĵʲôҴˣͶزĿ⣬лżּЦ

ŮǶļŮžǹ˾²ġһرͬҷ·ͣƽͷŨüۣȥ˭ԸüʽĿյ¡

Ӹµ˵˵ɣ˵˵⹤Ŀ

ұͽţһŪһƬհף˵˺ð죬ҲŽͰ͵ƴճ㶫

ЩԼ֪͸ˣʵȥͷüʾͣ£죬׼˵ʲô

ʱŽиԵ˶վصĳſڽܾá

ŤͷһǸղűײ豭ǸŮӡȥͻСôҲ벻ȻܾҵǸԸò˵ӶϹϾ

£ҵĳˣҵĹûϷˡʱŮϲ漣ǸԸͨҲûϷˣҲñͣˡ

˭ôùһײĲ豭ܾĲ豭

òŮܾɨ˴һ飬ȻĿעϡ

ҵһ¾ͺ쵽˶ҵġ顱ҲҺӣҼæͷҺ޲Ҹط˽ȥʲôҶҪˣֻҪΪղŵ£Ŵҡ

ȴҶ˵Ƹˡԣ

ҲҵĶ䣬̧ͷһֻң˶šҶĿɿڴ

Ūô£˻ʱǱֵüΪ⣬ҾƸˣյģ

ŮܾҲ˭ֻͣЦЦȻתȥˡ

һҲЦ飬û˶Ц

ҲЦЦһ

²ҰְϰʱһøղŷһУ·ǸΡ

߳˾ôʵƮţҲţһжġôΪϵڿϻݹˡҸл֮顣

ԶԶ֣ǹ˾Ůܾ

ҷǳмȥ컹֪Ķȥء

ߵߣЦЦ˵ҵһˡ㣬Ķôô죿ǰһļ㡣ֻһʱ벻ˡ

ҸҴģҴûһǴˣҵһˡֲãղŻᷢô˲¡

Ҳ˵òײݹΪ˸ΪԺٱСҲЦЦҺα˵ҲɣҲʶ

˵ʱô㣬ԼһѳƺæתߴҴҵˡ

뿪Ҳ֪޴ȥȥǼҽԺߵ̫ҵˡ

ǣ߽ǼСŮĲʱҴˡҪ˵ǸСŮҲˣ

ҵȫҵﰡĻ




5

ſյĲãȻ޴롣סŮʱôذôԶ𱨣

ʱ߹һƯĻʿ˵Ѱźˣǰֽ

ҽӹֽһдż֣԰2046

ŮҵסַԭˣǵҲ

Һһǵ֣ȻƾǼ򵥵֣Ҳģ̫ϸ

2046⴮ȴ쳣ϤһƬ֣ΰкܶ󵨳ıݡŮҲ򷿣ϹǷҲΰһչ

ҵǸС˵ݵ2046ʱʱ䡣

ԥһ£վһÿš

ŮëʪʪͷǸϴ裬ɢŵ

ЦЦ˵ôѽһֱڵ㡣

һŮˣϴŮˣ˵ڵңζеǷǡĽסһ¡

˵ҵ

Ů˵𼱣ȳԷɡôæһûüúøлء

ʱŷֿĲϰźôһˣҲûѩǰң˵˵ҪѰ˲ܳԵġӿɰˡ

Ů˵һֱڵҰ㲻٣ֻڵҳԷûκһġ

ҶСŮ˵ѩ԰ɣûʱ廹Ҫæȥסء

ŮʱԾң㻹ûסǲŴģ

ҲǲŴģóһʱˣڳһһ˾ˣкܿķӣȴĿûﾹûа֮ģ޷Ů˵еĿĬĬص˵ͷߡ

ŮסңЩģ˵ڳⷿף㲻סҼҰɡ͵ģʱҾǡ

Ҳ֪ô˵źãǶôмðŴＷɩӡ

ǺллҲ˵ڣҵеޡ

ŮԸ£Ͼ˵ϲá˵ʵǿ˺ãԺѩԶչˡ㲻Ҫɩӣ㻹ǽҽɣϲĳƺ

Ҳ˵öԣнȽɩӸãСҺȻ˾ϲʫסĽ㣬ҾͲҪˡ

ŮһˣȻȥǰ죬һһɰĺ졣

ѩұ˹סҵ֣˼ˣŮ˵裬ѰԺסǼԺѧԲҪˣҲϲȻɰ˵Ѱ壬Ժҷѧ𣿡

ѩ˵˭ΪʲôϲѩİְأΪʲôѩѧ

ЩʣҾ˻شѩĻѩңѰ壬ѩѧ˵ѩİְȥԶԶĵطˣҪܾúܾòܻ

ô

ҽӣѩӵڻ˵Ӧѩ

ʵҾӵסĲѩԼǶǰΪûаְֶͰ͵Լ

Һѩİ֣ܾúܾǰҲ޹һˣһҴû棬ȴҺ趼˼ʹˡ

ŮˣʺӵİȥʲôطˣôǴϣ

ǣҿŮ˵ȻòҰ׶ʹ࣬ǸҽǰҪңסˡ

Ҳ֪ǲΪѩǾ仰Ůһ϶ûʱҲû˵һ仰Щľګʲô顣ѩܹԣȫȻĺĬĬĳŷֻǲʱ۾Ůˣֿҡ

ԹѩҲӣȥҡŮ˰Ұԡҵˮã˵ϰϴϢɡȻתʰȥˡ

Ů˸ùԡң㡣ԡмͷЩȾɺǳĻɫ

ҰĨʱǰḧÿһе׵ĸо̲סĵ·ǲƬԼΰ

ұԼ뷨һôҲŵһ֪Ҳڴĺúӡǰֻֻ֪֪뷨ʹ࣬޹صκ뷨ɱҡˣԶҶȥˣЩڹķ¶˳

ϴԡʱ򣬾͵ȥ˿ڳæµŮˣҿǲҷˣֱǸһ

ıӰѩȴӱİŮ˵ң˵Ѱ壬ҽ°ɡÿ˯ǰ趼ҽµġ񲻸ˣҽɡ

ССʱÿҲĻĹߵġЩҺ裬߹˺öö࣬Ϊּį¶ʱ⡣

ѩĻһӰҴͯ꣬ҵ衣ҵ۾Ŵ

˺һѩٴңŰҴӻлҿŮѽңղ֪ʲôʱ˺Σӵÿɰ

ΪԼҹϹڼҵҹԴҶеڣҰ۾ƿҼװȥ

һıǰԡﻹŮΪʲôôôߵԭ

ڴķϣȻɹŮ˵ڿ֣ղֻŴ񣬾ʮ֮ãȻҶЩȫȻӶŮˣô

һŮ˻죬ҴҴҵĴ˳

ҰԼ˸ڵķ䣬Ӵ⽫ҹҹߵĵطҲ֪һסá

ϲңϲĴıɢŵ㣬ŮϵӣҲⱻӲǰϡ

ҹ˵ƣŴôҲ˯ţ﷭ȥǸڵŮˡȻǲദô̵ʱ䣬ȴ˿˽Ҹǳֹεʹ飬̫أҿһܽҿصһ㣬Լǰװ׵¶

ʱ˽ŲŮ˵ĽŲҵţʣѰ˯𣿡

ЩȻûȫǲô¡˵ʵҹ˾ʱߵʱҲǳһﵻ棬ԸŮ˲ҪҪٻĿе󣬲Ҫұ 



6

˵ĸоܸӣʱԥһ£·˴ߵǰҰһ¿أû֪ʲôʱͣˡ

Ҵţкܵ¹⣬Ů˴Ž׵˯£ܿܵͣɼزϴƬѩ׼Ȼ￴ȴʮˡ

ɢŵŮ

ҲҿԼҲѳֲסӦȻҾϹЩģȻҲϲ2046ЩʾͷǸеµˣҲռȵôߡ

Ұ۾𴦣ȻûеƹʲôҲ壬ҲҪʲô

֪ʣʲô𣿡

Ҳ֪ô侲ģұ侲ҵеⴵķ磬ġ

Ůҿ˵㣬˵֪СડЩˡܲƽҵɱ˵İӣѷ˺üͣˣ¡

ҺܲԭŮ˲Ųû뷨ֻֻ̫¡һŮˣҹÿһҵţҪǿ־壬ﵽ͵ļޣҵ

Ů˲˵ãһ˵ҾҲеղһֱڶŮ˵ĺ˼У˿ûвʱҲע⵽ȻСડʱʱ֣Ǻַܽ·ԶʲôĳĲŪŻ򴰻

£ŻͻȻ򿪣汼׶񼫣ĿҸ£ǱĲˣ

СҾ¹Ȼû£°ҹšСʱ򣬴Щүүһ˵ëȻĸоѧˣЩүүһʶ֪ϸûĹȴôҲȥˡ

Ǵʱ֪ұ򶨣ҲŮ˿Ҳ¡ŮЩҲܡŮôңʱΨһ

һҲϸŮ˲ƽĵĺǡડʲôԳһţƬж֮ǰš

ǣһˣԡҡ

һȻҲɶˣǵˮҸղϴʱһûšˮͷúǶԲŮˣΪҵ³ӡ

ԡǱŲŲţŮȴȻסңôţ·һǰʧƵģʣҪȥģӻأ

ЦЦ˵ŵģʵûʲôǲǵˮȥȥԡңͷšûˡ

Ů˷࣬ЩŽɡֻ߬ҵֵҲûɿֻһְֻֻŮֻĹΧˡ

ȻǹмֲֿɫѸоֲˡһָо΢ãҵȫŮ߬á

ҾЩԡȥҾϣȥԡҵ·ܺܳŮ߬ҵһӡȥԡңšˮͷصŮ˵ֲ֪ʲôʱɿʱҾ˵ĺڡ治÷ǡડԴͷʹҲ˵

Ů˺ҶûظԵңĬĬվ˺һŮ˵ֻϨ𣬵˭ҲûעʧĹֱ̡ˣǵҶЩ۵Ĺâ

ŮĬĬתˣıӰҺȻо仰ûţҼ˵㲻úֳ⣬Ҫһչˡ

Ů˵͵Ĳһ£վסˣһûлͷҲû˵

һ˵ʲôȴˡеӣңš

һϣûô˯þʱʱֵŮˣƮӰӡ

ڶҺ˴ҵһϰ࣬ٲٵˡŮ˹˱ڵţ̸ңҺܸмĿ˿۾Щףǿ޹̫ܶƣĻܵ˺

ҾҸö˵Բ࣬ǽϵӣʱˡתŵʱеŮһֱڱҡ

Ҹϵ˾ſʱǸƯŮܾڵˣЦ·ʶ˺ܶꡣ

֪ЦԽԽãԽšº˵¶Ҳ֪ܶضãҪˣеǸ˳ˣһˣôң᲻

ǾҪʱҵκһܿʱҧҧԼֻҪûͷҾһҪƭеף



7

벻ĹԶӾҲα

ҶŮܾЦЦ˵ܾ硣

ҵô򶨣·ĸûھҵ

ŮܾЦøˣҵͷȴûἰǰ¡ֻǰҴҵ񲿣ҽܸЩͬ£Ȼתˡ

ıӰҳ˿̾ԭɡ

ҵʮˣŮʿӶ࣬϶Ů˧͡Ůܾ䶼һһҽܹǵ֣ҲǶòԵչ֣ҲͬвͬԵ֣еҼסˣеȴôҲ벻

ŮģʱҳٵˣǾʵ˵ֲͲм񻹼¡

ǺƵģߴߴ׽ûײ˵ΪǶԱСǹЩ·¸ͦ鷿һصúȴһ۾ֻܿΪҺܾʲôرĹϵȻܾôңô԰ҽܸң

ҵǸ߰ӽһˣҵ񲿵ܾһҲϲ̫Ը̫աüΣÿҶоڡ

ҲС̸Ц

ÿ۾ȥǱߣ񲿺֮òԶмһһ͸Ĳ

ûˣȻŮˣҶЩûʲô뷨Ůѧʱæ̸ָЩƵŮҳ漣

һӦòôûƷζ۾ҷûˣֻһŵλáҲ֪һԭҸ㲻ΪʲôеãȻʧ

ͬµҵ𰸣Щͬ£ȴûڿһˣǶװģĶŵԡֻһ͵͵עһˡ

ͬУұȽϲľˣû˭ôе֡鷢촽Ƥܰסϲ񣬸ɾһ˿˿

ȴɱҵ񲿵˶ϲЩŮˣ͵͵ĿǸ߸ƯˡЩŮģǴģжֿɼĸо

мŮûµ˵װС֣ȴһĲɣĮӡû˭óϲ˭ԽЩŮԽǶ뷨

ҾЩŮ˺ܼǣҾһһ߹֥ٲУԼҡ

Ϣʱҿ̵ӣرˡһ̴ʮָ޳Ȧи˼ɫʡӺţƯŮˡŹٿݡ𼧡Ҿرʺݡ񡷡ûȴӣûɡ

֣û΢Ц

һȥ

Լ³е˵ϲ̣Ϊϲ̵ζֻϲЩǱ˴ӿôŲȥȴֲòʧӰ١

Ҳ̫öĻҲϲһʧḶ́뵽̫˸еĶ

ֻƽҵ𣿡

Ȧ˵ǵģƽʱôȲڡ

ʣ˭

û񲿵Ǹλ𣿾ġ

ЦˣҲҵЦҲЦһˣȥôһȴҲˣȻΪһ񲿵ŮԳ

Һܲмʣ񲿵Ůˣ

һѸޣ·ӡի

żʹ漣֣Ҳʩʵڻһ˵ˮƽЦʣ˵ôǲҲϲ

ûлشң˸ȦĬĬȦƮ⡣һŵ˵˵ϹúͻȻ

˵⻰ʱһǰһҿǸѸǲرĸ飬Ů˿ϲ˭һ

ǣĻҵļһ£ҺȻĿյú䣬סеȵ̫

Ҷһ˺ǸѸĳֲ²⣬ĳ˸е飬еľĲ²⡣



8

ʵڲϲĹѸĻȴĪĶǸѸȤǲȥǸյλҲΪʲôûֻʲôʱȷʵе

һһϲĹѸһ޵ĹѸһɷò׵ĹѸʲôأ

Щ⣬ϰʱһҲܿ°ˡ

һҲҶŮܾҴҴҵĴӹ˾˳

ص2046ŷʱŮϴ·ϴһԡ··ٰ̫ɣûϴ»ѩ׵ȫǰɫϴ·ĭҽе졣

Ҳе˼ҿŵҵڿ㡣

û̧ͷ,ʣˣ

˵ǵġ

ϰ𣿡

ϰ˼ҾøðȤºŮһ˵˾кܶȤ£ǵľһ߰ԸļһﾹȻ˸Ѹ

Ů˵ЩɫһϹڼҵŮˣ԰־һС

ԽԽŨ˵񶼲ʲôö˵ǹѸϹ

Ů˵ӺȻҵزһ£ЩңƺЩҿ˫ʹţ·ڿࡣ

ѩʱ˹Ů˵ȹӣ߽С衱ҪŮȥʲôط

֪ΪʲôŮ˾ûѩ

ѩˣŮǰʹӣһȻƿŮ˵ȹӡ

Ůѩ׵Ĵȣɫڿ,һӾʹҵ۾óӺȻҵ۾һ⧲

һæͷŤ𴦣㿪һУװʲôҲû

Ůһӱͨ죬ȸղŻ˰ٱǧĺѩ

ѩסˣаȻӿöˮתһ˽һһûܹôί

˵ѩޣѩԡ

ѩһˮ۾һ߿˵Ѱ壬ҪƬҪƬ

ԭѩ,ѵ˶Ƭŵʱ䡣

ҰѩѵӵٶƵһ𶯻ƬȻҶƬһҲȤһǼװζĿš 



9

ѩһͲˡ

ȴŮ˵ʱŮ˵ҲŮˡŮ˽ҲӦֻǶ˵Ѱ壬Ѿˣֿȥ׶԰ˣ˰ҷѧ,𣿡

˵õģѩҲҪԣҪˡ

ѩŮˣ治Ů˵ˣĽţ衣

ŮͷԷ·ʲôûѩڽ

ԥһ£Ů˵֣˵ѩڽأԺҪ׺ˡ

ŮŻع꣬ѩ§ڻḧѩͷ˵ѩԣԭˡ

ѩŮˣȻСŮϡ

ôҸۣҵ裬Сʱ

ѩ̫ɰˣѩİ֣Ҿ뿪ôɰĺӶƯԸҪҵҲҪߡ

Ů˴ѩȥ˯ʱһɵɵ룬Ҫѩİֲ뿪ǣǵӸöôáҪҴûİְ֣Һ޿ҵĽô龰ҵ᲻뿪ô磿

Ů˻ͷң˵ȥ˯ɡʱ䲻ˡ

̫̫Ķˣһҹμμȹӣμѩ׵Ĵȡ

ʱŮ˻·ûȹӡһ̲סϿ

ŮЩ˼ô˵һ¡

緹ѩ׶԰ȥϰ࣬һ¥ǰѩ˵ټ

ĿԶȥԶѩһ֣ﲻͣĺţѰ壬°һŶ

һ˾Ҿڵǰ鿴йҵϡһøɳɼŮܾҲǸ֮ǰ֪һֱƭ֮ǰɳɼ

Ȼң̧ͷһ

˵ǸѸˡ

ȥô׵,˵ˡ

ҰͷŤ񲿣ǸϹȻ˸Ůˡһվߡ

Ů˱ңҿֻǱӰ̫Ϥһͷǳɫ΢΢ͷ

ĺȻ

ҲͣԼ˵ܣһǿԲסԼվǱȥ

ʣҲסˣ

ͷҲûأ˵ȥ˲

ȥҪǱߡ

ҰѽŲߵúأŮŤͷҡ

ҴסˡŮǾȵҴסˣ

찡ҸղΪһǸŮˣǸȵŮ,ѩ裡ҵķ

˵ǸѸ!˵һϲ!!˵Ϲ!!

 



10

ӺңҲ֪ҸôȥǰһС

ȺܿתȥĬĬĶŵԣʲôҲûֻǸİˡҸҿ϶һˣܽһˣҲûòƽһ˲Һ֮ȴһҵ쫷硣

ȾȻ̬ȶңҸе˵ѹѹĲֻЩҴҴҵ뿪Ҷžӿ˿Լҵðף԰׵İס

ڲ˺ܾáҺпʵҶôõĸоǸӵĹѸǸһ˾壬Ϲò׵ĹѸѩİְ֣һĿ֪ѩΪְȥ˺ԶĵطҪȥܾúܾòŻҲ֪һѩְֲ֪ʱôȥ裬Ļԣ԰ְ粻Ĳпᡣ

Ҳҵİְ֣Ҵûİְ֣Ҳ֪ǲҲѩİһ粻ˡұѩҸҵû

ҴӲʱҾúƽҲҪʲô֪Ҳ㹻ĺáôжˣҲòȣĿ˵ա

һֱװزʶ緹ʱҲû˵һ仰ڹ˾ǸʳԶԶġֻŮܾҵһżװĿ˿ң˵ĸоָо˲ҲҿһվʱһеᣬĪᡣ

ŮܾҲû̸ʲôֻڹ˾ϰϰߡҵĹģúܶ˶ЩҵĲ²⡣ҲȥҺĹϵֻɵӲŻȥ²ɣЩ²޺˭ϣԼŮôϵ˭ϣ࿴

ҽ֪ŮܾҶŮܾȻиС˵Ҳ֣ǰҲûȻĸоˡ

һֱû񲿿һֱŵԣʲôҲȥһһװģĶŵԡ

Ϣʱҿ̴̵ӣֵĶһ졣

ʣÿظȥ𣿡

Ҳ֪ҵôȻô˸С

ʣҵϣ˵

ô˵ȥӵģȥӦúҸ

ʵ˵ҲϲȥҲϲȥ޿Ҳһ޿ǻصȥܿ裬ʱ⵽Ҳߡ

˵ȱˣȻѵԵ˸򣬲ٱˡ

ûĻҲǲףֻ³һȦ

һ˵þúþˣûǰ칫ˡ

ȻȻ۾ңûֵҿ۾ǲɡ

Ҳ֪ڲʲôҺȻҲҿҰ۾⣬۵⣬ϵı¡

ҲŴͬ֪е˼ҲڶҲʲô

ܾúܾǰϰ౾ŵģһȻѵԻ˸ñҵˡҶ²һйأһ۾ȥúܶŮ˼ʣȴȺܻҡ

Ҳְ֪ѵԵԭķǲɵһǲΪҡûҵ˿رģûܿʲô

ȥ䣬Ļ˵ĺȷһѸޣ·ӡի

°ʱûкһߡûпңֻ˴λվĶ

ڻȥ·ϵҲû˵ʱҲӣǰϲǰӣҵ裬ֱر

һʱ䣬ˣЩ鲻ܲȷȻ£˵ʵһкܶ໰

ԶԶĿˣĺȻָоֺܻҡ

ʱһ˹ǰͣ£Ŵ򿪣һԴȴһˡ

һ˵ĳ

ҵĺȻʹȺһ˲ڳȻʱҲһ

ŬԼȥûпңŬԼȥǲǸһȥʲôطǹ֮£



11

ʱǺȵģҲΪʲôҪ˵ҪޣȵðѵҶȡ̫˼ˣҺȲʶ೤ʱѽ

ԥǲǻ2046ŷȥһһȥҲûʲôһȥһȥʲôЩ˵

ҲΪ˼ҵжݣڽε˺ܾãĿġ

һǻȥԼҲŪףΪʲôôʹҪ2046ŷôѵޱ𴦿ȥ

ҴţյģʲôҲûҪ˵һˣȣѩҲûӰżѩ°ѧĻͣһֵĶε

ҺȻúܻ֣̿˭ҶԹҲܹѩ̫ɰ̫ˣ

ҴҴ¥ȴҲȥķҸ֪Ǽ׶԰֣ѩ˵ôôͿͿĺӣҾǼ׶԰ֶûʾʹӦѩ

Щ·˴׶԰˺üطһҽС԰׶԰ſڼѩ

һȣһˡȺһ˲ĳͣԱߡ

ǶһûпҡҰԼ˴¡ҲҪһ˺ȿǲǸ޳ܵ£ҶҪǿ

ȹӣһĶѩ˵ѩԣ*ǻؼҰɡ

ѩȴƴҡͷ۾Ŵ·ķ˵ҪѰ壬ѰӦҪҵġ

ôɵѩôִţô϶һͻȻ·Цĳû˵֪ͨ׶԰һ

һЩãȣ˭Ѱ

ûҷҲǵáǵãҲܰҺϵһ

ûлشֻĺѩ

ʱһһĹȥɫһ̧ͷ죬Щͷʣȣ㵽Ҫʲôʱ򣿡

Ҳ֪һ˵Ļ޷ˣˣɷ˵סѩС־ߡ

ѩȴȥʹ߬˵ҪѰ壬ҪѰ壡

Ҫˡ

ѩĹִ˦ѩ֣תһ˵ĳٲѩ

ѩۡĴһĨᣬһ߲ͣĽС裡

ûӦҲһûȿ

һ̣ҲҲٹ˼ʲôҲҸѩȥһ˫Ҹؼҡ

ǣȴûҵԥҵĽŲٳȥ

һ˲䣬ҿһѩһѽ

ѩƴţšǡҪѰ塱ܿͱһ˹˳

Զȥˣ׶԰һƬռšѩͿȴһֱԺ֮ȥ

ˣһص2046ŵ¥ʱһ˻վڳûߡң¥ŵƹĴӡҲ֪մǸû¥

ֱߵʱҲûңͲıطܿ죬ڷ衣

ǴһŸĴ2046ŵġ

ʣôŻЩ

ҿҲûһֻۣѩ

ѩҲƽСĳšһңȻ֡ۡĿˣ޵ôģһ˱ʱģܡ

µǸ壬Ǹ壡Ȼתܽȵҡ

׷˽ȥȸѩ˴ѱͷϡʹİڻʱѱͯɵˮʪһƬ

ѩȴҪұһ˻ţƴĿҡ壡

Ҳǻ壬ȴ˺ѩС顣ָѩһõ룬ְпĻ

ôΣȴѩ̫͡СЩ͵Ļһ˵Ρ

ֻܼ򵥵Ķѩ˵ѩԲԭ塣ٲƭˣʲôҪ嶼Ӧ㣬𣿡

ֻЩѩ׶԰ʧȥģϣһһ

ѩˣˮ۾ôģŽɡ

Ҷѩͷ˵ģ˵ʲô嶼Ӧ㣬ٲƭˡ

ѩңþúþãСָָ˵˯ңְǰ𣿡

˵ôСһˣһΰҸĸߴصĵ䡣

û˭ҸѩûаְֵѩԸжô

СʱֻҪü۵壬Ҫ̫ʱ䣬ֻҪһ˲㹻㹻ΣεҴûİְ֣εڰְּʵıְֵӣǸİӡ

Һԥʹĳѩͷ

ѩЦˣϵỹûɣӨ͸Сҵҵ

찡Ҿѩˡôôû˼룬ôӡ룬˯˯

͵͵ȥȡ̣ܺͨͨš

 



12

ȱܿҵĿ⣬ΪҵЩߣб̽סҷĶҪ

תߣ߱˵ͺѩ˯ɣ˯ҡ

ڹ˾ޣȴֻһοĴĴϧٲȥЩٲȥһЩ£ЩԹͺҲ˲仯ΪС

ҺȻ߶һ

ѩˣ·ҪޣȽе裬ҲҪ裬ҲҪң

վסˣԥһ£۵Ķѩ˵õģѰ㡣

˯һ䴲ϣѩ˯Һм䡣·С˵ĳڣȴʵзˣôͻȻ

Һȶû£Ƕſĵѩ

ѩȻ˵裬ԺٲҪҷѧˣֻҪѰ塣廵Ͱְߵģȴаְֻ

ʱѩ಻һˣְñҸʱȻóš

ɵѩ֪Щ֪ĻȻһݣ·ʲôһ¡Ҳ֪ȸѩһԣÿĺֱ컹İְֻȥԶ

ȴڸңĻһ㲻٣ѩİһ⣬ʹ޹أһҲϴɡ

Ϊʲôѩ˵һͰְߵģ

̲ס۾ѩƿ̲סѰҴ𰸡

ǣûеƹϡֻȵıӰһǲѩңźȻ˸

ôӱܣҲӱܲĵǴľܣҿıӰôֹˮ

ѩûоյͻȻ仯ڸ߸˵Ҫҽ£һְǰġ

ҲǵĲȾ˺ӣҰǰҵĹ£ѩѩܺ棬Щһûұ߽˼ҵ裬ֱѩ˯ˣֻƽĺ

Ҳ˯ˣڶ˼˯ˡ

ҹҺȻӺþһжôƽͣеˡ

ҵָеһ壬һ˿һȻȵֺ֣ҵַһ

һҹĳʱ˯תϰߵȥѩҵҲѩϣҺȵֱһ

ЩᣬһλáǣûУ᲻ãһÿûȥûȵô룡

ҵĺüȺ˯šܸоܸоˡȻ壬ȴܾ촽͸ӣңջңջҰĺ

2046ΰ˵Ǿ䡰㡱Ƕô޳ȴֶôǲáҲҪ˵ô޳ĻҲҪô޳£ĺܵĽӴһֻһΣֻһǣ

ŶԵס2046⴮֣ŶԵҹ

һһȿôᣬȴôҡ

ҪƬ΢̵ĴʱҶҡˣҾˡ˯ôƽͣһ㲻ô

ҲٵȶҵΣҲٵõҹ

°Ӵ桷ǧ޵ùߡܺͬԣ֮ףһǧ꣬һǧöٸֻأ

ֻϧܲʣƻ

ûȣ˯

ϣʱѩһ˯㣬΢ЦСʱһμ֡

˴žͷҲ֪ʱǸʲô龰ǲǵֻһ

׼´ȴ˵𶯣ɻѩһͻʱûߡ

ҺȻӣùԺùԵĺӣҾôȵĻҾһҿߵѩôҸ

ĪĸоҺȣѩһҸļͥ

ѩʱʵ۾ҡ˺þãô¡ҵĽѰ塣

Ҹͯôҹݺĸ

һõ糿þúþòйõ糿ˡ糿ЩİϲİİãİĲոµġ

յ⣬ҸоֻۣоõĲã

ϰǰұѩ¥ȸһ˵ݡ

;ѩʣѰ壬һȥ׶԰𣿡

һûüش𣬵ݾ͵ײ㡣ݴʱѩʡ

ǰ龰ѩĻҷһͣǰ棬һվڳǣ

벻ģ벻ģҲ֪ΪʲôҪţҲ֪ΪʲҪһûʲôĵ顣

һңȣȫǾȺԹޣ

û˵͵ת˳ŵĶôݣǡ顱һȺҶסһ¡

ĳӷķɳ۶ȥ裡ϧûҿХХˮı׳

ֻ޵Ĺ¶֣

ǣʻղءֶ̫ˣʵж֧Ұɡǵ֧ҼӿµĶ 



13

һƢҲ̫ˣѩˣ۾ӵĿԶȥҲҪҪһȥ׶԰

վû˵óܽšһҺ

Ҿͺһ¥һܲ

ȵĽܲںףΪһںס֪ҾͲڹؼʱ֡ǲһΪҲһ£

Ҳôûһ뿪ķҪҺһѩȥ׶԰𣿡

ŻعŻŵҡҡͷ˵ˡ

ȻнӹѩתߣôҸȥ

ҺҲתˡȸͲԸñ˿Һһ𣬲Ըñ֪Һʶ

ѩͣĽУѰټ

ȴûͷ

ҵ˾˺һȲǱţȴûҿһۡ

Һָܲоңû˵ġʱ֮ĸƽǷ⻧Ĺϵǽ첻ͬͬôԾ͵û

ˣ޵ı̫ĶͬԵûһʲôɲĻһ̫಻顣

һˣʵһֱڵһˣôҡһĻһ̫˺ԭȣҲ׷Źҡ

ǣȴһֱûҵ񲿡һֱԼڰ칫ңһ硣

緹ʱҶǽĬĬĳԷ



һ߳Էһ߶˵ûע⵽һһû칫ң

𣿽ұ˭עһˡûҼװĿƽʣѵǰ

ͷ˵ǵģġֻҪڣ㷢£Ҳ˳Ŀۡ

˿ԶԷȣ˵֮һʲôˣص¡

ĬһʲôȻȻ۾ңʣϰһ죬ǾˣΪʲôأ

Ҳ֪ôôУΪʲôҪȺϵһ𣿿ƫƫֲ¶ˣ·һֱվǱǵЩƤ·Ҫһ˫ر۾ܿһУǰ͸ġ

йһŬ򾲣Ϊ˲Ҷȵرҹӵȣ˵Щʲôѽ㻳Һô

ش𣬵˫ëܳ۾ȴЦЦ·˵ѵ𣿡

ЩܲˣҷеļЦԴ𣿿ϧ㲻ŮˣҾͷ㲻Ȣ

Ȼͷ۾ңŮƵģߺ

ʱŮܾ

û£վ뿪ˡԶ͵͵ͷһۣҵ۾ײһǰˣϵĺοɰˡҽס롰Żףȴ÷ᡱĹŴŮҲˡ

ıӰ˵Ҳ˵仰ȴ߿ˡ㣬Ϥҵǹ˾ҵӢҪѧϰϺбҵǹ˾˺üɫŮҵԱȥûɡû뵽һȥͰˣ˳ⲻòôҹĿ࿴ֻϧ֪ΪʲôһпúܵƫƫЩ̫ߵˡ

ҵӢһҲ֣ϺǱҵ붼˵ϺǱ߸ҵһǸţǸ

Ҷ֪ôǰ˵仰ġ·˵ǺܾǰͲİ

һӾЦˣЦô̽סˣ˵Ѱôô밡

òƽ˵ʵǱǸеġ

ҲЦˣЦĵеôˣеͰڲƽҸŮˡ˾ЩŮû̸Ǳҵ񣬰˳ǲˡ

֪е뷨һΪЦΪղǾܿЦĻ

ʱҴ󿴵ȺȻվ뿪˲Щֻһ룬ϵı飬䣬ʲôʱ䣡

ȻѹΪԼĿѹΪʲôҪôأȻǰһȣʱȴΪ뿪һҺĿйء

Ȼûңڵǰģ·Ͳˣ·û˼롣

һû칫ҡ

ڣˣ°ʱ㿪ʼС˵Ц

˵Ϊʲôһ춼ûѽ

Ϊȡ֮һʲôر顣

ǺǣʲôðҲǣôŮģȴôһѪŮˡ

ΪʲôȵϹûģ

ǺǣϹôǷ治аɣ

ҿһȫϹô䣬ϹգҲ۲ɣ

˵仰ٸЦúϲ£죬Щɳ۵زҵĲš

һͬ˾Ůߵò˼ŤͷȥĶŵԡ

һٸڼ˵ҿδˣҪ治ȤΪʲôһС˵ѹõ͵͵ġҵ񲿵ĳЩӴ

ǴЦøˣŮЦа۾Һ

ûκرı飬ɵ·ûŮǵЩûŮЩк

Ҳûие˼ֻ룬ȵϹô£ˣЩŮô᲻֪ôΪֻǲ̫ȣѵѩĻģְֻȥ˺Զĵطû

ǣΪʲôҪ˵ЩأΪʲôҪ˵ǸѸϹأǶ޹ٻ

ȻĳЩطȷʵŮ̫ƣʵʵǸˣôҲҧѽ

˭˵ģ

ұȽЩŮ˺ϣҵ𰸡

ʱŮǵЦȻͣ

ľֻһ̤úصĽŲ

Ťͷȥһˣһ˴Ӱ칫ҳˣ߰ͷĿбӣ

룬ʱҵֳƣһܴȾǱȥһ˵ĽŲһȵġҲ֪ȴʱôģûа۾߿

ͷһҲҿκһ

һ˵ĽŲһֱߵ߲ͣ¡˵Ѱһ£ڰ칫㡣

ôԵǿӲԸԸ⣬ҵĻشҲתˡ

ҺȻӶǷ磬ɽ¥ַ硣

Ҫˡ

ҲòŤͷȥϣ˸ղŵһУϣһôڶң⻹ǸʼиյĲԤ֪

ȣͲҵǿһۣ·ʲô޹أ·ûо߷һУ 



14

ǲˣֻԼȥԡ

ͬǶң۾ﻹмּʣ·һ˽е칫Ǽҫ顣һˣΪ̫ӵıȻôƸ԰£һôᵥмң

ֻ˭ңȣһ˵ĬĬңƽʱЩǺͲɡ

ȥһ˵İ칫̶ֻ̼ӵ·̣ȴߵúüѡҺģȫһ˿ܻôҵ龰

ƿһ˵İ칫ʱС°ˣͬǱű뿪

һڰ칫ǰҴһ˲עңעӵҲҺӡ

ʾ¡

Ǿţóһʱ䣬˭ûзκ

ǰ˳ӣ˵ҾͲҿڣ񲢲⡣һĺݺݶңڻо

̫Ϣ·ǸĺӣʦѶ

Ϊʲôأûʲô顣ȣôǰûʣΣԼȴսս

ԽԽȴ޿κΣ£òͷ

ȴȻ˵ˣ˵Ѱӽÿ°ȥ׶԰ѩؼҰɡҲȥˡ

ʲôôܣûɣҽ˵Щ

˵һˣװˣʲôֱɣʹ㣬ˣУ

ȻȴʲôҲ˵ˣϵıġ˿ȥЩѣ·ովһ̥ǣۡ

ֶһ˻֡ȥɡ

վߡȻҶһ˳ϵıֺܺɣ࣬ҵĽŲúÿ죬޲һͿȥԶҿ͸ҵµļһ

мڴʮĳ󹤣ҸʱʲôԻϾҪΪ̫ࡣ

ͬĻңһش𣺡ϾҪ뿪һ˵İ칫ңΪҸеܣ

ҿҪʱҿҪʱѰһֽסҡ

Ŀһ˵ĺβ¶ˣ

ȴֲ˵ˣվȴѵĵȴ

һ˵ڹ˾װزʶ

ҲΪʲôҲʲôҪҡ˵Ǿ仰ʱ̬ȺǿӲǿӲ÷·ԼǸֻһ۵ʿ

ûлشʵʿһԹԵĽ߳űʱҳ˿

Ҷ°뿪ˣǹĻյģЩԣӣӶȻĶҡ

Ȼͬ˵ĿҵĻȣǳͨϣһһӭ

ҿһҵľͿһ£·ĸ߸Ь̤ڵذϣ̤ҵ

ҶˣȻûߣǹҵģǵҵģһ˻ô

ĺüöˡߵҸǰʱ˫鲻Խ˳ȥǵģҲҪ˼ôˣҪɺͰڶжǧŵӵ

Ȼȴûһ֣ҲûһжÿҪᣬվסˡģͬûҲûң˵е£ȥ׶԰ѩؼҰɡ

Ȼٲ˵һ仰߾һ˵İ칫ȥˡ

·һΣ·ֻеһӰӣ˵޵Ʈˡ

ҵڿЦᣬ˯һŴʱôϧΪһǧŻ˭ֻ֪Ĳ

ѹǣҿƿһ˵İ칫ңȻһ˹档Ҷ£ΪңֻΪƿһ˵İ칫ңΪЩ칫ҲȥҲԸȥ£

죬ϿһóС˵С칫Щ¶£ȡ2046ΰ»û뵽죬Щ¾ʵʵķˡʵʵķԸϣ

ȾΪңΪһԺٿҡֻΪԼΪһˣΪһ˶Һᣬȥһ˽ͣ

Ҳ£ǰйһ˵İ칫Ѳʣ

һعͷߣҪ뿪ٲܶһӵĵطȥ׶԰ѩؼҰɡȵĻһ˵ĻơǶôĬĬóκһ͵͵ˣ

Ƕ಻ԸǾ仰Ǿ仰ȴһֱԺ졣ұκʱ򶼾ѩµòְֵĹģҲæźͱ͵顣

Һ̾͸ϵ׶԰ͰѩıڻСʱұڻһÿĺʹһ

߳˾֪ǰоһҵĹŷ硣ƣһҪˡ

˾ƽʱֵĴֻ֣кٵˡǲǴҴææǰ汼ߣվڹվųӾҪķ

ֻˣǺûиоⳡļ١

ҿһòŮܾϿѩȥҽԺ㣡

ı㣬Ǹīˣں̸ʲôԹ޺Ͳɡ

վԣĿתĶ˵ò˰˵ռеĿ

ĻӳɶԶĿϵ죬ΪץʲôΡ

Ȼһݣѵѵץνξйأ



 



15

Ҳ˵Ҳ֪ΪʲôҪ˵ļң

Ҳ˶ϵ»ڻȷʵȥı˵мĻ

ȥı˵ԺϢ֪ͨң

Ҳ֪Ǹ˭ȥƺȷʵĳΪҲ֪Ĺϵ

ı˵ȥȻңҲû˵ˡֻǳҾȵĽе㣬һ˾ģ

ңûıں˭˵ʱŤңı㻹Ҫȣôɵʣʶ

Ҳ֪Ȼش˭һشıʣôں𣿡

벻һȥ˸߹ĮŮˣз·ֻкûаŮˣϲϵȥҽԺֱڻźӵ顣

˵ǵģֻ˵㾪ţҽԺܿͺתˡҸжЩ˵˻˶٣˵ллǣ

ȴҵĸмвмԱߵҪΪǣǾ˸գǾܵõ

˵˭ǲûô࣬ΪĻʾңΪѩԼ顣ҺùⲻȥЩȡ

ıûֻĿһۡһۣԹԵĲ˵ˣ۾ִ

ĺĪĺܣ·ƵġҺ˵˾䣺£ˡ˳һٸԸһǧ᲻ãҲò˳ųԶȥˡ

ųԶȥķ룬Ϊʲô˾ô׽͸Ⱥһˣ㣬·ÿ϶кܶⲻԡ

ҸڱȽϡڳϣΪȺı̫ĲͬȴԭҲƵĵطȵڹ˾ǲҲֻ˶ʱ

ֻ䣬̫Թͺޣȵ䣬ȴԹͺҲҲ

ôʶģΪӣ

С֪ʲô֪ʲô

תңȴҵĻشһ˫۾Ǻ棬ʧ͵ġ

ûشҲҪ꣬ѩ׶԰ȴ

˵˾Ժ˵ɣתҴˡ

˺Զһͷʱһվ

ȻһղһʱΪʲôΪʲôڻҳٳٲȥ

ңһСֻ֪ˣȻС˵һпյѵĪǡиʧɢѣ̫ơҴҵΪһʧİ顣˭֪ղĻ˵˺ӣһΪϵѾ˺ӣ

ϵ˾һУҵĲ²⾹ԵôﲻЩҡ˵ʵҲƭʹҵյѣڶҵĴж̫ģĵôӴ˸ıҵ̬ȣ

ЩԥǲǸûصȥǲǸðѺӵ¸ʱȴתˣЩ˵ıӰڷʧ

ˣԺеʱ͡

Ҹϵ׶԰ʱҿѩѩ׶԰ŵǱߣſɰֿ۾Ŵߡ

ѩӣ̫СʱÿͶӡһᡣ

ѩңϲĽѰ壡ҿ˹ʡΪʲôڲأ

ȴҸ硣

С类ҳӻؼˣֻѩһˣڣһ̫ί

ʱ治֪ʲôطܳʮ˾Ů΢Цȴҽѩؼҡ˵ԲѩʦֻʶȺһˣԲѩߡ

ҸͣôͣѩôȵĽҡѰ塱Ҳѩ

ҺܲղŰѩĶԱߵʱִĲҽѩ뿪û취ֻýȴ绰ʱһҲȡ

Ůͨȵĵ绰΢Цź˵Щʲôְѵ绰ݵ˵Ҫ˵䡣

ҽӹ绰Щ٣绰һһˣһ

û뵽绰ȵôᶯҿ챻ڻʱȴ

ĺʹȵӺݺݵŻʹ

ִϢС˵ҰдĴϢ

Ǵʱ˿ִ̣ϢôҲ޷ܣҺݺݵĹҵ˵绰֪ںһ˸ʲô

ŮҰѩˡ

ұѩ뿪ž߳·ϷĴ֣ˡ

Ŵŵ꣬ԽԽܡǲֻϣֻʪҵ壬ǻɺӣѪɺӵĺӡ

ҲҪѩҲҸ꣬ҲҪѩҸĵطЩطˡһܽԶ죬·һⳡȵˬֻǶͳޡ

ǣҶ಻鰡಻Ů鰡Ҫ֪꣬ҵļǶôĴмϾ̫õĸɺ

ҺȻû꣬ûǰڼӣЩеįе㻶ϲ

ǣûȺＷûΪѩѰһˮʪĵط

һûȥһվУȴȻо꣡

̧ͷһһѻɡڵҺѩϿա

ôĻɡ桶ĻɡȻǰı겻飬һҲûнʲ࣬һǽסŤͷȥ

˭ǲǡĹһĹΪҺѩһƬգ

 



16

벻ҿȴȣûСǸֻ۵ĹУϴһ˿һϢȵ˫ҲҲ˾ʱĮСһĴϢղŵ绰ִϢʱⴭϢȴٲܴǰʹԹޡһҲС˵дôˡ

еֻ޵ԼʱΪʲôô嶯Ҷȵĵ绰Ǵˣȥһ˵İ칫ʲôٺͨ绰ʱûкһֹڵ绰ִϢԭֻΪҺѩɡߵ̫˺

ΪҺѩɡԼȴվɡߡ

Ҳǻɡ̫СͬʱվУû߽ɡֻҺѩȫȻԼ

ұǰЩжЩʪȥȡ°Ӵ桷ڱΪʪ͸ɣһɡ龰ʱʵж

ңһСͥˣһӲõİˣǶôڱһ΢ϸڣܸжᡣЩˮһĮһƬޡ

һҶôҸһеĲ죬ٲȥĻٲȥڹ˾Įٲȥһ߽һ˵İ칫ҡ

˵Щʲôȴ˵ȫΪжΪҿڰ׳µ壬ͻȻǰװף

ˮʪ͸İɫ£ϣȻô͸˿͸֣·һ˿ң

ôҲ벻ô޵ȣôԸе֣¶ıסĻࡣﾪ̾˫÷鹵

ԸϵĻơ

ǳɫп㲢ûˮ͸Ȼѩ׵ĴȺڿһϴһһš

ͻȻͱɵˣɵΧһУֱֻ֪㶵Ķȿ

Щ⣬ͷԼһӾˣˢıͨ죬ޱȻҡ

֣һӭĳ⳵һɲͣԣôһƬˮ

ұѩ˳ȸŴҴҵ˽

͸ЩǣлŮڶ˵Цû˸ղŵĽһ̸ȡ

ЩɶˣЩˣȱҴ˳⳵ûиǸ౥ɫĻᣬҲǵԷ

ڴǰУǡȴ˰ֻѩ˵

ѩĻȫǸղſȣϰ·һ˿ҵȡοȾߣ

͵ȥȡ

Ȼڣǰ죬Ұʾʲô

ҲȵҲҪʲôΪʲôô˼ɡ˾ûԵˣ˾ֲʶһ̲סǰ濴˿

ˣ˼ˣΪʲôǰˡ

Ǹ˾Ǹ˾ͨǰķ⾵̰Ķȵزأ

ô꣬ôĳ˾·ȴ۾ȥȡʵ׼ҪСĿȴȻĿҵļϡ

ȱˮʪӿЩ䣬ȴĪ˵ܰԸԶš˾۾ҲȥָЩ̰Щ۵ȿҵϡ

֪˾ź˿ģԸҶôϣбġҲĻбģȻΪʲôȥ˾ΪʲôһҪҵļϣҵļһҵʲô

õʱ̫ˣܿ⳵͵2046¥¡

˳⳵ΪҺѩɡ˲Լʪܵ·Щⲻȥȴ˵Ҫʪѩ

û˿ǣû˿ʧȥڵ塣߽˵ݡ

һϣرİϢССĿռֻҺˡվǰȣǸϰֵֻŮ

ԭҺѩȷʵֻǸʲôҲĺӡ

ˡԸ¿ŮһҹǱ顣Ҹҿ϶Ը¿ҪڵǸѸҲԲܻѳֵסԼ

һĳȸͦѩ飬ôҺȣȫСĿռһּ尾һҸʹԽļ尾

룬ΪʲôҪŬԼأΪʲôͲأڳ⳵ȶҼϿѽ

Լһ˶ԣΪʲôܣ

һҾеˡȴʱţǵ2046档

߳ݵһ˲ЩźǾʫֱۡȴ˵Ļڡ

һ߽ݣȱҴҵȥң֪ȥ·ѹ룺ӴˣҲûװ׵Ŀˣ

ɳϣ򿪵ӡҲͣĻƵʲôҲ޷ҡҵĸͲȴˡ

ѩ߸ҿӵģҲĵվ뿪ˡѩĽŲҲżѩ˵ԲѩƵʲôҲûɡ

ѩվԶû˵ҺȻһƵڲĿֲƬҽУѩƬӺÿ

ûѩشȴȵڽңңѰѰеЩ

̲סȵȥûƿȵšΪüҶ֪ʱûʲô⣬һպðѱˮʪ͸·ͬԸе֣ѵþ⣡

ǣڿҵʻղءʲôģҷǳ֪ûڿ

 



17

ǰԥȴ˵ˣ˵ѰѵӲٶƵ

ȼԵôӲйӲӲüֱ޷ǡ顱ģ˼Ĵԣľסһʱ˶

һжˣԭΪһɡΪ,ԭΪҽǺһˡԭǣֻΪѩ!ɡֻΪ˲ѩʪ,ֻΪѩҪƬ!

һصҰѵӲٶƵѩֻصɳϡôˣȴرܡ

Ҷ߽Լ˵ҡұȵĻͿˣͿðʲôˣҲûأֻ֪վڴǰ淢

ⳡÿҲȥÿ죬ոջôȻ,ȴͣˣѾڵշ

ûʺ磡

ҵĹ,Ǿʺġ鲻ʱ,ҶųҲԣһʺǾͻˡڻ,֪ʱĺǵĶҸࡣ

¥ĳУˮϴøɸɾĳУȴеĲʺ硣ҲԶȥ,û˭е!

תߵ¡һֱΪֻŮˣڲ֪Լֺγǣʱ˿ҾһƸУһ

Ҳ֪ôģûݵֻǵңЦʡôˣʱ,ҲŷȻԣڳ⳵ԣͲûаͷЩʪԴڵҵļϡ

һ˲ļôһġ㡱еԹһӾڻˡ

˵Уôء

ҴСͺΪޱˣԶȥˡھ˾˼ҼǶӣûܵ顣ҾĿ,޿ʱ,ҽ,һҡȻҲֻǽ㣬ɱϾǰֻһûϵİˣַ򸴺أ

ҲΪһ,̾˿˵ҸղЩżѽѩĽĿ֪ѩʱͻȻȥü,ÿζϴˡѩ಻,ѩܹܴݼ,ҲЩĳЩͷʲô

ʱǸҽĻ,Ҳסѩܹʲôݼˡȴվ,˵Ի˾䣺ʲôأ˳ȥ

ô˵,첢ڶҽ,ֻԼҲȷʵ֪?

Ҹ߳ҡѩĿŶƬſɰѩ,ĵѩ,Ҳ,ѵѩص,Ⱥһ,,Ҫ?

ЩһֱңֱڶϰҲûܷ¡ȻҸĲµҵĻһûشôشأһĶ˵ڹ˾װźزʶһ˵ǵʶһ˵ӣҾͲò˵ѽ

ƫƫ˽ΪѵʱȴǰǱҵͷʾҹȥôЦţҿЦԽЦҾԽĻšǾʡЦжΣա̫,նеɣͲȡжˡ

վûж,ҵ׸ô,ֱ˵Լȥ趪ԣֱ˵ϳ˾˼ҵ龰,ҲŰ˾,Ҳ˲ô!

һ˵Ļʥּ,ҾǸҺʶθ!ѵֻһʶȲ!

ʱһ˲֪ð˳,߾,ڲһ˲,˾䣺ܾ㣿

ôһ,ôһ仰Ǿı㳹׶ҡˡҷеһ˵һ˵Ļк壬һ͵ӣ䡣

ȥʱȴ֪ǽ칫ˣһڰ칫ҵҡôյôһ⡷ǸΥĴ۸ģǵ,ҪҲȡжñܿңòڹ컯֮¡

ҺȻúù¶,ȻҲûʲô˼,ڽѣҰһᣬ߹ȥƿ칫ҵš

ҽҵͷ΢ЦȻǰ΢ЦҲҵĵ΢Ц

ͬԱߣôҲ벻Ҳİ칫!ңһߵĵ

ôѵΪᵽĺӵ£

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18

ں˼룬ȴЦ£˵ҽҲûʲô˼ֻϺǼҹ˾ҵҪ죬ϣһýӴȻҪĻϣѧϰѧϰ

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ֱͣͣȥ˿˵Ҳ鷳ϣܶѰҵһҲ졣

仰ʮֵĳ⣬ֺ񲢷֤ʲô

ֻЩ񼡣Ȼͷ˵õġʱôƽȴƽʱ۾һ˿׾˸ӱӦ

뿪칫ʱҲվȴסҡ

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ԤǸѾˣס빫˾Զĳط

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ٲҶЦҰ۾ƿЩڵ𴦿

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19

˾ЩͬûǸѸ˵ֻ˵ȵĻ֪Ұȡ

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ȣһҪڹ˾װزʶԼҲȷʵúزʶȣûпôɰôЦҺѩ 



20

ѵȵһǧ꣬ľеĿǣһע鷳ڹ˾һУҶ˺ɴ

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ұ˭ףôΪҵᣬ֪ˡֻΪԼױ⡣

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һȺæҶȥ׶԰ѩؼҡҸհѩ׶԰ǸɰŮʦߴߣҾԶԶĿһˡ

һˣǸ߰ԸˣȻЩⲻòɣ׶԰ʲôѵѩô

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ƽԭľͷ

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һǸȻչľĶǵĶʱҪһ˲ҪʱѩͻȻһһȥˣ

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21

վϵһˣƺȴҪչƵһˣͻȻѩļУԼȥҲᱻѩȥȫȻһûһ¡

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µ£ɽ·׶԰·ϣҷһһ˵ĳһж׼ô˳һ˱ѩһⲻ⣬Ҳȥ

һ˼ĿȥҽԺϴѩȥǼҽԺһշ̣һֻͨȵĵ绰

˵ѩˣ˵ѩǱҴ²ųµģڼ˵ȴǱ߰ѵ绰Ҷˡ

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һ˵ĻץסҵͻȻûɿ֣·һӾͲһˮûС

ҺʹʹҲʹԼȽͣһѰҵĽءҺȻãԴӽ׶԰⿴һҾһȦסҲǸ֮ǰһڰ칫ҪԺѩѧ졣Һֱڲһ˿塣

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Ҳ֪űվ˶ãʱĴڡһֱûͷһۣҲһֱûҹȥƾһվţҲվһʯͷҲ⡣

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ðѩðʧ˾ŵɫŲһУƹɫãȻ

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ûһشֶ˵裬ԲһŻˡ

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22

ûѩ߹ȥ˺Ȼúİ·Ͳκιϵ·ǵӾеֻǸǣʹĿ͡

˳ѩȻѰһ˳֪һѩģĿһ˺ȶû˼ϡȵĮ˵Ҳٹ˼ѩҵ

ҾԼȥ̫࣬ȥһ˵쳣ȥȵˮȥѩ˫ҿ۾ҷְŹϣҲԸȥһйźҹŵôᣬһźſһص̾Ϣ

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ҺȻߣǵ΢ЦŶ˵ϵվʱȴ޷ܾҷҸͿҲǰÿѶȥġҳùɴʱĵģᷢܶҵĵ£Ҳ˫۾ʧ

ڶú磬컹ûڵţ̺ȸһΪ׼ͣȴûжߵǰҪȥʱȴӳ˹ϵңͣΪҪ˵ʲôֻҪ˵һ仰һ֣ҲͲȥվˣҲôȥʲôҲû˵תȥҿѩˡ

Һݺݵİ뿪2046룬ҲٹҾͲסˣ

Ϊ磬һ硣Ǽͬʱ˵뿪أȻӶЦһҸģǵĶôǶе˱˴ڶԷôҪ

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Ҳ̫ĻҴû𳵣ҴӼҵʱʧȥʹУǲƣǲз羰Ҷûио

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ΪĻһ˵ҲΪûҴ򷢹¶ӣƺǸרһˣƺϷˡ

𳵺ХųվʱӴͷһ֣˷ܵĺʲôȴû塣ҿϵЩϡоҸģǰиҸڵҪЩҸһ

𳵺ܿԶȥˣվ̨糱ˮǣͿ͵ҲɢȥҺȻÿգյҵġ

һص˾ʱٵˡ֪ǴӲǹҲûͣȴˣ

ȵʻ̣ȴ꣬޲࣬ϲ֯·һҵķ磬һӾͰеĳˮǧ㲨ˡþúþˣ·һǧǰҲȶ˵

ɵɵվ磬񲿵ıӰ

Ѱһ˵ٵˡ

ȻƽȴеһԵĶħվ߼Ը߶ǵͨ졣

˵ҵ칫һ¡

֪ǹôƽģ֪ͬ¿ʧ̬ȿʧ̬ƽġϴһ˰ҽн칫ҸһȴǲһȦףҲ֪һֻʲô֮λ޴ǣοҳٵˡ

þúþûк˵һ仰ˣþúþûҸˣɾٵÿҸһҲ̲£ҲҪȥ

㲻뿪,ðȨһ

 



23

ûô࣬Ҹһ칫ȥĳҪ

ҵʱһ˰ѺһӦƸŮҲϡŮδһ˽нȥһ£ȻֿңһˣĲͲ

ʵ˵ҲŪͿˣҲһ˰ǽʲô˼ҳٵˣʲôϵ

ڰ칫һ˰źܸߵ̬Ҫʾ⣬˭ҲЩ¡

һǣ˵Щࣺʱѽת۾ͿˡǵڼϾ͵תʱ䡣

˵ͣͣϵĲ裬һĴһ۾ɨǡ

ϾǹϵܷƸõĴ¡ŮܽţȴǸšҾڿҪתǰٵˣ

Ҳһ˺ǵĽŰɣ˺һ˵ת֮ǰ˾Ҫǽһݴ⣬˾ƸòҺǩͬҪ˭Ĵù˾ʧˣôԲ𣬹˾ֻı߾ˡ

һ˵Ҿˣġʲô˾⣬Լ⡣˵жû꣬ܽʲôĴ

һҪĴԶҪѡҪת֮ǰһҵ񣬲ҪǴһͷ⡣ҵָġŮҪɵľ췽޹ؽҪҵ񣬶ҵҵȴԶϳ鹫˾

Ҷ鹫˾ҵţ˾һǰͼ鹫˾ҲɹҵǸȥ̸û̸ɡ˵Ҫȥԣɽߣһ˾ͺȻĳҡ

һ˸ҳ˾ĸĺСŮ֪Һһ˵ĸ˶ԹǳΪԼ⣬ֶһ˰νһ˴󲻽⡣

һ̫αˣǡӽȺҲ硣λŮ۾Ȼ˵֮Ѱȥϳ䣬ǹ˾ѰգϺǸ

ģĺָһ˵ıӴϧҲϡ֪ǱҵעʧܣһĴ롣ΪһĻ룬ʵûʦš

߳һ˰칫ʱŮȻʮĽûôͲͷһʱڰ칫ңҵıӰ¶ΣյЦݡ

ҽԺΪҿһˣ֪ҿֻƤëĽƻԶġԼҪҴ߸ߣȴ޷˹˾壻һˣȴƫƫװƽϹ˾Ů

ңкλ˵кλ˵

ҺȻع˾һܱˡ

ҲȣҾ͵ȥϳ䣬Ҳܺദûߣһ˸ᡣһܷҲǣȵǡ

ѹŤͷȥȣãһ͸ѹʱҵҸһӾ͵Ȼ޴档Ȼʣ˪

Ůһ綼֪ܰҵ顣ʱҶЩ˽⡣ǸЦоѵŮ绨ӽ˾ĵһͰһֽۣȴһġ

͵ʱڽԷʱ񲻶绨ŷȥߡ

绨ЦЦСʮɬ֪һ֪ҵﶷڹ˽ߡһҺ˽ڣһҪת֮ǰһҵǹ˾ɫҵӢǶô¡

벻Ҳ벻Сɬ΢ЦӶ𷹲뿪绨

绨ͨ죬ôҲ޷ƽ硣

þûһԷˣ뿪绨ȴѡߡ

ʣ춼ϺǸ

һӺܻң˵ˡ

ʲôˣԶĴϺûǹ˾κһ쵼ˣĻȴһҲšŪĶԹ˾ʲôΪ֪ͼĶӦһ˲ŶԡҲҿ϶ûʲô뷨ȱȴӹɡ

Ͻס¶ааЦҾҲա

Ҳ֪˺绨˽Ҵһ˵ȥϳĻԣһֵֹڵǰǰ컹֡

°ʱ绨ߵߣ͵͵ĽĻ˵ʲôȴشλվ·ӱһ뿪绨һ˰칫ȥ

ҵ˶һĻ˶۾绨ͬ飬ǼǼЦԼ

ߵ绨ߣο绨˵绨ģǸˡ

֪ôҴҵȥһ˰칫ΪʲôҲ֪ΪʲôִҴҵ˳Ҷֻֻ˰ο绨ûп˹ͣ˵Ǹˣ˾Ͳ˺绨Ů

վסˣǵ۹վסˣȻǵͨ죬沿ⲻͣĲðźһ仰˭˵Ҳˣ

һ̫ˣ˶㵵˭Ҳ˻ᷢһĺŮĹԹУκҰԶ޹ء

绨·ʶȻñʲôİһİǰȴҲ޷Լ̲סȪӿ

ǵģͺ޵

ͺñҶȡ

Ҿס񲿿ȥȻȴ·ʲôҲûæ顣ģôЩˣ̩ɽǰ治ɫ

ʱ°ˣҶɢȥƽʱô°࣬ҽȴȻᣬҺһˣҸȣ

һ߳˾Ҳ֪ΪʲôҪôˣֲҪ˭ֲҪȥѪȾ

û뵽һ¶ʹ࣬û뵽ڹ˾ңҸû뵽߹קҵ˵ѰȥˡҴȥطһʹ࣬ȵĵط

Ҳ֪ΪʲôҪ˵ȡҲʹŻʹĸԴҲ֪˵Ǹʲôĵطѵ绹ǵһ

Ҹȥһֱûɿҵ֣ϴڹ԰ǸϺһҿúܽҺȻָоĲǸˣǺ˵ȡ

ҪȥĲǱ𴦣ÿνѩؼҪĺֻǰõĵƹֻԶۺ룬ȴҪ˽ȥ

߽һҰĦһڷµӡԽԽˣΪǾ䡰Ǹˡʹ֡

ҪŮ֤ǸˣأҪ֤ʲôҺȻЩţҺͷߡһĽεεȴƻҡ

ǸһȻЩ죬ȴмϤ̲סƿ

ҿһϤղŻЦţʱȴ޵ݵ

찡ôܣô 



24

ôҲ벻ôҲɳƺ˲гǸ崿Ůѧǰ罿޵Ůϵڹ˾ǸʧŮ

ǶţŶԷĳǴŶԷһŮƺ˶ߣʣ㣬ʶ

㣡ôֱ֣֪ô֡ĹҲ֪ʲôӣ᲻һͷԼȴ䵽ֵز

ԼûпǸŮֻǵ˵ͷЩ졣

ҺͰ㣬ͻȻñȽʱʹ࣬һ˫۾ЦЦһŮСߡ

ת˵Ҳ߰ɡ

Ҹڰ㱳ǽķĸڡҲҪʲôֻûӦƸǹ˾ʲô£

һŰͰŹˡۺĵƹ⣬˵Ĵ̣ĿԵر

ҸտҪʣͲͷĽֹס˵طͱװʲôҲװʲôͬ顣ҪʲôҵĻشֻʧûκı˹¡Ҳûκ˱ȣҲТ˳ҲȸѡֻϲģϲСݲΪǰˡŮĦʦռǡĻ㣬ҲҪͣôЩΪǡ

˵ôмȴеļʹࡣӦʱ䲻ûѧ۾ȥԼԲԡ

ʣ㣬οҪԼ˵һкܶ໰˵硭Ҵסˣʲôأ𣿿Լ

Цһڴϣ˵֨ʲôʲô˹ġ˭͸˵Լ¡

㣬Ҳġûнͣʱ˿˵ʲôšȥֹǱڵúٵҲ

ҲȥҲȥǶ鷿ǲҲõ鷿һͦߣȴȻҽıסˡ

˫ҵĺ󱳣ҵĲһߡ૵˵𿴲ҺĽãǱЩ߸ϵŮ˸Ǹ̫࣬ûԵ޹ʻùκһ

һҶѹЩԶҲ˵Ļֱӿʲ²·ǿںݡ

ûзҺȻ͸һУٵֻǰꡣûòҵҪҪңԽʹԽҪҡͺԽʹԽҪǸŮˡ

ˣȻһˣ࣬С˵дûҪ˶䣬ĸԸĶ䡣

·˻Ű·˺ˡ˺ͰľҪ״ݻٶԷһУȻƺʲôըˣһк󼴿̾š

ЭˣҲƣȥˣڹƽĵ˳ŸոտʼȻúᣬҲ˲ô࣬˲ȣ˲˲һең㣬һİһʹ࣬һĿŶ䣬ڶб硣

й´ܣ͡Ű㣬ѽ⿪ҵĿӣ

ҷѰصѹ档ᣬҲᡣ

˵ѰҰ㣬˲гһοҾͰ㡣ǣ벻벻õ㡣

ĵõĵõˣҺͰѶԷԽԽġϪɳдöð

һꡣ۸ϯĪƵ

ĿɽӿԶ仨˴ȡǰˡ

ȡǰ˰ɣǰ޹صһйɣʲôһˣʲôȣʲôͨͨĹɡҺͰڿʹ࣬ʹпšȻ˸绰˭ĳȥˣȥʱңҾҲûлش

һ˺Ͱս٣ҲȸڵĻҪҡҺͰÿӭⳡսóӭⳡս

ҴδѪڵսԽԽʱ󷿼һңصĽŲ³ĺŮǵĳЦ·ıȻ١

ûŪô£ȴƿң˵죬촩·

ǻûü·ϣͳƷˣϵĵ·ϡɨƴǵģ

ǣȴǵ۾һգҲգ۾ɫеĶŰûü·ӡ

ҺȻЦʹúЦʵ۾ϵϣҿκλݻҪŬԼڻ̲סЦ 



25

ĻôͻȻ˹Ц㶼ߴ·߲ҡƷ߳ŭŵһ˻ȭͷȻûдϣԤһΪ˸صĴۡ

ҺͰ㻹аĦˣֵǰʱҿûңһֱһ

ôҲţǸ򣬱վŵһˣվĻȺѩ

ҵҵĿȸղŻôģĵö䣬һǲҸѩѩǸ壬һ˺ðٱǧĺ塣ôұϾ?

ϵۣǧҪŤ

һǵıӰüûжһ£·ҪǵıӰͻȻתİԼ¶ӰʧҹɫʱŪ˫Թ޵۾һȣȺѩվһߣ˸òļͥ

ұϾʱĵ»ǷˡһһתϸʮֵɫȶЩʲôתѩ

ңɵƵҡѩǱ߽ţȥ˵Ѱ壬ǺˣҪؼң

ȷ·ûѩĻһҲȥôԹô޵ıȥٿҡһʹʧҹɫеҪʹ

ѩƴҡȵ֣ƴĽ裬̫ˣΪܵΰΪһ仰׵ҴӾ뿪

Ǵʱҿѩˡ޵úĺþˣһΪҲˡͻȻ뿪򾯳ǵĿߣһҲûͣ£ѩԽԽԶԽԽСҿҪʱȴӺ׷˻

ҹѩҲΪʲôûѩѰصѹ֮ǰΪʲôûѩ

ҿʼǰƻңЩԹ޵Ű㡣һֱû˵ûŮߴߴĳҡҵ۾ﲶ׽ԹʱЦˣЦòΪȻȴЦݱʹ࣬ʹбЩŮ̵ķ̣ڷݱˣڷԼڷҵİ

ҲٻҵİٻǾ䡰ѰҰ㣬˲гһοͰ㡱ҲֻĻ˵һڿΪһʹšʵҲļЦԼЦԼȵһԸ

󱻴˾֣ұһС䡣ǵ߳ŭľ߽һ߳һߺݺݵ˵Ҫôǧ鷣Ҫôͱȥ

ҲҲ֪ǮǻҹضãǲҪһССһӡãôңһӲټˡ

ûɶľ죬³Ѭ˵ӡ

ܻ˳ȥһȽеŹصʵʵ

һߣĵͶˣҾԼһӾ͵˺ڰԨҿʼˣҿʼԼʱµҪΪľˣҿʼڻվʱҪҸһ۾ˣҿʼѩǷѰǸĿˡ

л죬ôǮǣҾôǧǮֻû򡣾ȫøҲ˵øˣȥϳô죿һ˺úݰڰ·ϱƣ˭̸֪ҵҪǮȴһǮԤ̸֧˵ãԱʣû̸أǲǲѹˣҪ

ԽԽһˣͷβĺһˣԴһݲ޹ع쵽

뵽ͻȻһ飬찡һ̫СˣҸҿ϶ǽҲһֲݵģҪȻȣѩôɵĳڰĦߣ

һǵ°ǰҴҵȥһ˵İ칫ңһǵĦǰӹһصĵ绰Ǹ绰Щɨƴǵһһǵҹɫʧ֮ǰԹ޵һ˺ǵıӰˣһԹȺһôܣԹһҴ˾·

ҲܾԼˡһԽҪңԽǲԱƴҡţֻһκʱǿҵĿҿǸȥҲҪǮǮáֻҪǮʲô¶£˺㱻ץΣֻҪǮֻҪ㽻Ǯܰƽ

ǰֻܰйֻܶ˵ֻܴۣܲǧ

û뵽ûңǰŴ򿪣˵ˡ

ʲôҲףˣͷԵǡ

ǲͷ˵Сôߣ

Ҽ˳һҲͣûֻǡ

һں˵СˡôõšҸ㣬ŻǮȡ

ôһ˵Ҹӿ˽ŲŪˣһҵһˡŮѶûУ֮˵Ӻ̸

ҸоҲߣܡҿ,Ҷߺķ绹Ҫ졣ǧ뿪֮ǰ׹ 



26

תһ䣬ҿǰиӰߵÿ죬ߵø졣Ȼȣ

ˣǮȡҳġȻԼѳţǺߣôЩ˵ڵģ

ҺȻøжסȣȴʵ˵

һֱûлͷ֪һкޣɸֵֺޡ

ԶԶĸȱ֣߳ҿһ˵ĳ

Ŵţһڼʻ۾ֱֱĶǰûҺȿһۡ

ҿóȵǳǳȵôĲ֣ң𣿿ȾЩڲˣȻԼǮҴӾȡ˳

ʵұһ˻ҾԼҲҪЩ춼ϣҲҪһ˿ĻᡣҹʲôᣬµȿһԽļƣԽҪһĳֻߣȴǱ

ֻû뵽ϻѩѩһңüЦһ˵һֱСѰ塣

ҿѩЦϻˮûұʱ˲ɣһֱ޵ڡҰýģСʱұýһ֪ӦøмѩһѩƴĿҪѰ壬Ȳȡҳġ

ҾԼù¶ÿʧݾʱ򣬵ҰҵģȻѩһĵĺӣ

ʵޣҲһ˿ҵˮȻǸˣܵСʱΪ˲ģҾѧŮһڱ

Ҫһ˿ЦҶѩġѩһɰĺӺܿһбˣһЦùȥ

ǳȴѩЦԵøӳơһһֱû˵һ仰ϵļԽԽߣǰĿбӣ·ڵһжֻǰҹ

һ˵ĳ2046¥ͣµʱɲ쳣Ҫ˷ļĺС

û³˼ȻǰͷҲûлء˵ѰȴѩȥûпҲûʹ࣬ȫκһָ顣

ʲôҲû˵˳ѩͷҲص߽ݡһ̣ǰСҵѩҲңжġҺ޲ü̾ʧˣҲҪȡҺѩߣԼȴ£һߡκһҶһ㣬ɾһ˲УһôңôһˣȲܲ׵ģȴһվһ𡣼ȻǲʧȻҪǰЩʹĵ£ôҾʧˣ

Ҳ֪ΪʲôҾȻڶ¥ͣұѩ߳ݣѡ˸ڰĽ䡣Ȼȶϧ˺ңһʲôҪϧԼһΰ˸ɣ˵÷֧ɣ

Ҫ¥Щ飬ЩȺһ˷飬Щп絶ʵ飡ҲҪӱܲҪٻˣ

ҰѩڵϡҲҪѩÿĶѩ̫С̫СѾһΰ裬װκӰ

ûеƹĹ͸¥﷢ʲô͹һڰšҿǺڰļȼգĸɲһЩ飬С˵Ϥǧˡ

źȻ򿪣ȴӳ˳ɫţңһ촽һͷ

һ˸˳ȥ߬ȣƴѣһƣݺݵĴһϡ

̫ͻȻ̫ˣôȸղŵɲҪһŭҹļž

һ˴ˣȴˣҲˣ

ð죬һ˲żȥʹȲżҴҵһߡ

һŭ𣺡ΪʲôΪʲôѰôͼ㶼̣ȴ¶УΪʲôΪʲô

һ˷ˣ׵ķˣȻһҲ˼ȵȻҪȫ綼֪

ûͣ£ûлͷᣬᡣ

ѩʣѰ壬ڿʲôҲҪҺ

żԼʲôطе㾪ʧ룬ҴҴҵıѩ˵ݡ

ҺѩսݣȾ͵ˡ

ϡЩۣڵòĲʹࡣûк˵һ仰̱ƵɳϣôǷ·һʧȥһС

ұת߽ңҲ̿ӡҴûһ߹޻ᣬȶôҲһûֹ

Ҳȥοûаȥ̫ˣһֱΪһ˺ܰ˭֪˸߽߽࣬ɽϵѩȻһ˵һǶݲ£

ҲӦȥ˵Һ֮һᡣοڣ˵ѩһ˵Ȧףǽأȷʵ԰㶯ģôǿҵĶģ

Ҽ˰㣬ʱż㣬ҺܵҲ֪ôǲǻھ֣Ǯȡңȡ˭

𾯳ЩŮǳЦм۾ҲԷġЩŮһа취ȻǲôЦǵĳЦ˵ֻҪǮ߳˿ԼŮˣŮ˿Լ

һҹ˯òôãڶһǺҵȥϳ䡣ڳŪͣȥҿ˿ѩ

ѩ˯㣬ЦҺ᲻ѩҲ֪Ҳһ᲻ĵĿ

Ҳ᲻ȣǰ˱ᣬҰѩ£ȥסٲһ뷨Ҫ뿪ˣǣҶǵĸԴ

һûȵҲ֪ǲǻҹһʧһƵıˡ

ûٽҺĵתȥ

ȴӳ˹ʣѰô𣿡

һعͷ۾ҵҪҵһУûйĶҵ⣬ĺᣡ

סңôҴ߿·Ӵ˺ڣ

˵ȵȡ

ȻתҴȥҡ

ô˵Ҳ֪ҽҪȥϳġҪҵʲôأҪҸȥ

Ǻǣѷˣղغʻȴĺ١ǣϲ飬ǵʵжֳ֧֧Ұɣ



27

ԥǲǸȽȥȴҼ˳һĺӣ˵ʹ͸ģ˯ˣ̴㡣

ҲĽӹǺӴһǲʱֻҲ֪ô֪ϲֻǲÿȥֻֻʱ͵͵ˡ

Ұֻô֣Сʱò׵õʡԼΪߡҺܼһлĻ˵ڡ

תˡһֱûлͷҲ˵ã˵ʲôǶࡣҲϣȰѵݵ°Ӵ桷׷ڿʱϾûеͷһҲ˵׼ҺͲټӡ

ȥϳĳʱȻֺܱ׳ĸоҷŲȣҲֻҵ顣һ֮ѽҵûֻοôҪҵ

һ·Ҵеķ羰һֱȣһֱڰģҪô½飬Ҫôأ̸ЩĸʱĳСʱ·̣ѵϳĿ׵ĳС

˳ʲôطҲûȥֱ鹫˾ڹ˾ǰ̨ұǸƯС㵲סˡң˭

Ҳ·̫ȣҲ̫ѹĻţҾʵ£˵ңǡҵ

㲻֪Ǿæûųȥ𣿡С˾㻹ǸԤԼɡȻٲ˵һ仰һ߿ֽһ۾ⲻмĴҡ

ҿˣȻҲʶһǿǾһ󸹱ꡣüɫĺһŮ̸ʲô׷˳ȥյſڣǾһˡ

Զȥĳ̾һ̾Լô֪ȻҪԤԼҲ֪̾·裬ȻòϸһǼס˾ǸüëɫԵ۾ֲͬ¶˵ҵ񲻺̸ֲüɺҵһҪ

ûŮӵӰ£ӦֺɫŮˡȻǸô̸²ĳ˾Ͷãɵ鹫˾ŮҵԱ

룬Ҳ̸֪ҵļ߳Ҳ֪;ĸĳطҵȥˡ

ҺȻκʱ򶼾ϣã뿪鹫˾Ƶ÷ţڴ沨Ҳ֪˶ãȻɽ¡԰ſڡʹԱ֪԰Ʊұǲįĳ

˭֪˹԰ȴû˿תЩֶߵ޹أЩҵ£Ҵй¶

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ŷɫѰǴҴʰö̤ʯݶɽȥ

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һͷһĲǱˣƼŻŵĶ˵磬ȾңиŮҪץң

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ŮԽԽҲԶվסȥƼԣͷңŵĲ˲۾

ע⵽ôʶȻȫǼǰӣһϳҵ񣬴ǿСϳ

ѹסԼļ;ϲҾֵƽҺ̫֮ᡣ

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28

ЩңȻҲЩۿϾҶһӵ£ֳֵôͻȻ

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ǱˣҶʱ÷飬ʱΨһѣҲһΨһðŮˡ

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ɾŮӣȴڸһѧ鷿ȫУʦ鷿

ЩңЩĳЦѸôеĶӣһжᷢҵҲı˹켣

ҲΪӮЩĹĿ࿴ҲΪ֤ԼֻǲҪСҵ裬ֻҪ֪ѸҲͱһĶӣ˸Ķһ˲ĶӸҡ

ʱպٽٳϵʦûɢȥЩаЦŵ۹ߵ˳޸ǰ䲻ĴӱסҰ˫ַ鷿

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Ҵͷʰʱ򣬳ӽ߳ᣬûпңֻǰдʫֽ˺÷Ȼҡ

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Һصʱ򣬳޵վҼſڣסңôŭ޲ܰʬΡĶ˵ôôɣҶӡȻȥˡ

޵ûдңĻκδܣ˵Ѱ̫ˣ躬󣬱ָɲţҪñ˿Цû뵽ȴǰåİס

ȻˣԶˣûǼҡҺͳ޵ûˣҲûˡѧУȥų뿪Ǽ磬ȥĳС޵İְǸлúܲ

죬ҵһվ˺ܾáһֱ˶Һ裬ֻгһá֪жܣΨһѣΨһһӴҺڴ۹нӹ¶޿

ߵǰ˵裬Բһ˳޵һٻͳĸ顣Ҳ֪ЩңҴ޶ǵĿ׷֮

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Ļĺʹֶô䣬ôޡ¹¹䡣

Ҳߣ費ҪߣҪ裬һ裡ͨһǰȥ豳ңþúþãҲƲסԼתӵ

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Ҵסˣ£޲ŮҲǸŮľǳޣҲ޾ҵľ֡Ǻܾǰ޲ǸôܣҲ˲пPKһж,Դز,ԴǸݺݵĶϺ,һжˡ

ҿǰ죬죬ƺкö໰Ҫ˵ҲΪĳֲϵʵֱ棬˵ƾ汾̸ҵģûɫˡ

ҲЩֻƭСĻԣŤת⣬ʣղôǸŮôˣ

żղŵ˵ҵǮˡ˵Ѱҵ۹Ĵ

Ұ룬ǮôбʲôɣǮǸཻ׵֤ݰɣҪôôţǰѧ׷ߣӽǮΪôǮǼǮ

ҪͺˣǮAƬĿգҵõǸǮ޻һܣҾͿó޲սˡ

ΪԼ뷨еɣˣȻôԲȣԹҵġ͵͵ƼԿ˿ƼӰӣ֪ʲôʱ뿪ˡ

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޸˸绰룬ûӰȫҹɫʧҾʹҴȥ˼ҷ꣬ҺȻüꤡ

ҰЩҶһɨգͦŶȥ̨ʱҲŷҵǮ֪ʲôʱˣ

 



29

һӾͻˣС΢Цŵ֧˰˵ô¡СϵЦ̾ûˣһ˫۾´ҡҼȻ·ϳ˺ܶඪ˵񮴯ԽȻСԽǶҲתۣЦЦű߻˻֡

һţıһüۣסҡһƲƲҲԷ

ôͲˣĴһŷп˶ڶҡЩ˶ƣŮ˶߹ޡԭ⾹ǸǮĵط

ҺܺڣʱֻӣʲôҲû࿴ʱ֮ǰûԼĿڴҪȻҲ䵽ֶ۵ءЩǮô߸ϵĳЦңߵŮôмһ˵ңеߵıҡ

֪ôҲҾˣһǮᣬ̫ʵˡûʲôԵ޹ʵĵõõ𼢶ͣͱ븶ҿЩȭͷ

ڴûʲôֵǮˣȽϲ͸ҵֻĶ˶Ҳӹ˽٣ȵ鰡ôԣ

иۼıסҷڿڴ֣ĵʲôֵǮĶóȻ

ҵ־˸ָⴥһֽһ¾ر·ǲֽһˮдˣپʱץסľݡǳ޺ҷǰдĵ绰ֽ

ްѵ绰ʱֻӦİŽ˿ڴ˵壬ȴкܶҲ֪ĵ绰룬Ҳ绰ҲǶǰҶðƽҲǺݺݵİҶЩޣҲǸǰŮӱӰ̫ҾǴǰĳޣҵľ֣һɳܵŮˡ

ڣΪ˼ƽ߳ҷܱס͸ҵֻҧҧҲͨ˳޵ĵ绰

绰ˣܺĲġ׺ļ䣺

ܲΪһ֧

ǧǰİ׺

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ҸղŽʱʲôҲûô֪ⷹʲôҰֻݸС㣬С㲻ͷĶԳ˵ˣȻֻ棬еóʲŻҵ˼

˵ߣȻҶԳԶǰôãǷ˷ʣûǷʲôСƾʲôԳҲô̸ɺ޵ֻ͸ҵģС˫ǮŪô԰

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һӱѻȸ޵ĸ߸Ь̤ڵذȴ쳣޵ÿˡЩղŸ߸ϳЦҵˣ۾ֱֱųޣĲ˾ͣͣڿУһģ񱻼ùѨߵŮһǣһͶֺ޵Ŀ⡣

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ʵİȥϢ˳ޣҿ˫˴ŴŵˮԵǰȻѳ÷ɿ죬뿪ʱҪ졣

֪ģҲûб仵ҲĻǺʹǰһֻ࣬ǳĳֲѵԭꡣЩҲѴһ಻ԣǲǸѡǲǸΪԵǸɫľһ֮

ҾĲٻôҾķŵȷŵѩô

ΪѺ˼ʱȴѳһߵСȻͣ£˵ˡ

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һӾͼˣֻҪ˳Ҽİѷɨһ飬һС͵ֽ˱˵ķ䡣Һӣ³޵裬³ǰ˫ʬε۾



30

ȴû޵裬ܿķ䣬ҵŶšҲʣأ

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ڵ绰ʣѰ㵽Ǳôô绰Ҳ

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޲֪˵ʲôҲ֪ʲôʣǰһӲҲԸĶֻĵĵȴȴĸԸʱÿȵʱ϶ḡĵЦ·Ƶ壬һжá

ȴȲ˿ʱ䣬˵ŪõͣԼ԰ɡµóȥˡ

֪һȥǸû˿Ƭ̵˼ʼҡǲǻҪȥ鹫˾ôãҲƺǲǸöЩӣŪЩڳϵ׷ʲôΪʲôҪȥӽǰһܶԶ֮ɫУǲǸõȵҪֽҵǼȻپԺȥѾˡĴˣȻǶԭңҲжҲ뽫ٺڡ

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ѹסŭǰȥ׼һץסƼŭǮȴһĵƤЦҵ磬Ҳء

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ջԼҪȥץ֣Ρ

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ƬϵŮ˲ǱˣǳޡǰӡƺûԵŮӣôƼһĲֵˣҲ֪ΪʲôЩûƼţ˭г޺鹫˾ǸôʹǲѣЩģ

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ƼͳıǮˡҵǮȻǱˣȴ޷ŭЦŶҽͣ첻ǿУ̫棬㿪Цһֱ㣬ֱڲҵǶԲ𡣡

ҲøƼҵǮôܸ޴绰ôס޼ңô˶Գ޵᣿Ҫ˵õԭ£õ費þҪֽҵĲ֪ΪҪ˵Ƽԭް⣬ʲôǸмء

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֪ƼҵǮҲˣ֪׷ƼľǳޡƼЩҺͳ޵Ĺϵ˵Ů֣֮Ҷ⡣ôҸôôŵңҵĴ𰸡Ҿ֪һΪǶһˣһΪҰ롭СŮ˼뵥׺˼ġ

Һܻ֣̿Ҳ֪ҸôشŲ˺˵ʵɣ˵ǿɰӣƼ˵ͷڳ˼Ӿ˴ȻɫʳƷбиءƼ񲻸㣿

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֪Сǹģȴû泩࣬ҲȥôشƼˣֻǾúЦҲЦ΢ЦǸȤСӡ

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ƼƿڴȴȻŵſڱ죬ЩĿɿڴ

ſڿȥȴǳ޸һ˽Ǹ˲Ǳˣ鹫˾Ǹüëһ֪˳紬δ㲻־ڳǰ۹ͣﲨȻҲҪҪֳ֧ԵǸۼԳôɫԵģҾҲȫǳ޾ĵôģ粢¥ϰȥˣҲûһۣ

 



32

ĺܣĪܡҪ˭ȥܹܵй¶һ˿ЦǸûԽԽ̸ǱҵԼʧȥ»ص

޺ǸӰܿʧ¥ϵĳҺ޺޵ŤͷȥǸҲԸȥЩڰ¡֪̫ˣʱܾҲܾ̾οӽǸԼĳĿġ

ΪƼῴͻȻĲ죬һ㰲οһԡҲ֪ŮΪʲôԽʧԽҪοǾԽǶ֮

ҺȻЩûɣİѶԳ޵ĲǣŭƼϡƼΪʲôҪ͵ҵǮ͵ҵǮҾͲڵĲ죬ҾͲֳᷢ޶ȻʣҾͲǸ߽˿ں

ҷŭ۾ȴûƼŷҲˡƼղſʱôĿɿڴı飬±޷ϳĵˡŷƺЩƼĸƨ棬һлһƼӰ롣Ƽˣвߵĵ

ҺȻúù¶̫׹¶ˡǰ¶ʱҾҵ裬Ҿȡ

ҿ̨ǸСңЩĪһ¾ͼڷȻ޷ѽƼŷŶˣô죿ѵָ޴绰ɣǹµһڼңǺǸڰﲻ֪ʲôأѵⱲעϵ⵽Ů˵裿ڷ꣬ھ¥

ЩģŤͷȥС۾ҿϵĶָøǮȴϷǮһҵģһǳ޵ˡǰƼ˵Ǯңȴһֱ沢ûһΪһű»ŻŵİǮˣû뵽ȴǵİǮϡ

ҺøмƼҰǮŽȥ̨ʡСȴЦղλŮѾʸˡ

ԭˣѹָղСҪôĪĿңһΪʲôƼŷҪŻŵİҶһԡ

ʵ̫ƼˣôãҸղžǣŭҺһַˣ˺һôõŮˡ

ҿҪ߳¥ʱ˻ȥҴƿδľơڷ̫̹ˣϰĶǺڵģǮĶƾʲôҪװ׵¡

ڽε˺ܾãһȥʱ޻ûҿžûأ̲ס˽ȥйɵŮͬŮȴȵͬ˵ﲻͬ

ҶԳЩǻͻױƷһҲȤЩױƷԺȻŵһƿ÷ҵ򡣳޴С뵱ң֪ġǰֻЩɾһĴѧƷôȻϲˡƿ÷µһ飿ѵ޲ѵʵʵıˣ

̲ס飬ȴҳϷ˼л֡Щֲǳ޵ıʼһġھǰ졣Ȼͼ֣мȴ͸಻⡣ˣһǸҵоҸ޴һ绰ͳ绰гʱҾѾµˡ

Ǹľ͡ƿ÷ʲôĿģѵʱҲڽ𣿹ȹģѡˡƿ÷ҪȻ鲻Խ

ҺȻ鹫˾ľ治򵥣һ˻Ҫ򵥣ѹͬǶ鹫˾ҵ̸ɫ䣬бȵ컹ѵĸо

ΪŪնģһƪƪķԭĳЩۼҵĻ˽ͬģ˵ײ׷Խţ׷ɡģʱŷָô¡֪ЩۼҴʲôطóĽۡҿ˽˵ö֮ļҲ˵죬˽ˣŰŮı׷Һ޵ҧгݡɣҲɱҿɱ߽˽ܽͤʱҷȻú鱾Ҳ޷ȥΪʲôӢ۷ˣȴ鸣죿ҲʹеʱʹʱµһЩۼˡΪ˽Ǽֱʹ˶ı֮ӣ

Һݺݵĺ˼ھƼ¿֪ƾãô£ҾıԼĿҲ˶ɶ̾ϢʼĽ˽ЩŪ龰ò͡

ʱ˽Ų̧ͷһǳ˽Ҳ̫۾ˣ޻Ҳû֡ҲǸոɲһһɣ޿ȥĻЩƣ

ʱǺɫû뵽һû뵽Ǳƿ÷Щɫдɣ۹ЩߵĶЦЦ

찡ǳڹңǸЩƾ֣Ҵʱ캵ôƹµĳҲ񡶽ƿ÷˽

 



33

˵˶˻鲻һ仵˶˺ҲһáȴǺ˶˻仵֣Ҵʱ˼ôа仹˫ȴųޡǳ毺õģȻǳӵ㼯زϡ

ڵ·µ˫壬ȴ*˼Ҿܱƿ÷ܶྫдݡһ͸Ƽˡһ̲סȥḧ̲סȥϸϸƷ

ѧʱֻڳһ˲ҴҵÿִƵĸоѡʱҪЩǰΪŲһСأҶôڸ***٣ҲĲ

ް۾ңһҲûôĿĶزԽԽ죬ЦԽԽߡҺȻó޷͸һ٬͸һҡų޾κĲףŮ֮ǵ¿˰ɣŴʱرҲ˰ɣ

ǻ˱ˣ˼ҹȣôͻȻʱҪǧٱĶʵʣҲǲҵġǳ޲ͬСͺ÷οôҵһйʧò۸κ˵Ҵǰһδᡣ

һᣬﶼãѵСͳõһôôһ룬˫ֱ˳ȥ

ҵĻڿСʱҶûôǰ£ҶôҲ޷˿ƽ

ҵָȡһڵ̫ͻȻҺͳ޶һ˫˫ͷȥԭǱƿ÷˵ϡ̫嶯̫Ϳˣеˡ

ޱܿҵĿ⣬ȥǱ飬Ҵ쿴˫ˡֻ¶ֵһС֣ƾһҵ۹⣬ȫñЦЦıʻʵĻʣȥǰ۹Բˡ

ѹֲסԼ˷ܺͳ嶯ҵ˫ûأڼ¸ҵǰҵĵ绰ȴʱˡ֪ȴģȺͳޣû֪ҵĵ绰롣޾ߣǱƿ÷Ȼ˭

֪Ϊʲôȵĵ绰ȳ޵˫һջ޵һӾ͸ı˷ҴӶó绰Ȳİ˽

ɵ绰ȴȵģѩ۵ͯ˵Ѱ壬˵ȥϳϳѽΪʲôѩһȥѽ

Ҳ֪ôشѩǸӣܰΪʲôϳ˵ܰΪʲôһ˵ֻʣأ

ѩǱߵ˯ѽ˵ġʲôʱѽ

ѩ仰ȸղŵκһ仹ڻشԼﶼûףҲǰŸ߳2046עҲ߻ȥˡ

ҲشֻܳĬóĬһСҲƭѩƭҲ롣ҲѩСﲥһʹӡ

ѩǱߵҵĻشƺЩµҸһʧĴ𰸡

Ǳ߶ѩ˵ѩԣʱ˲ҪѰϢѰܿͻģְѩεġȻ绰ҶˣһȹҶϵġ

Щһֻ˵ѩһҪҼȻЩ˵ŹҶϵ绰ҺȻرжرѹҲһˣȺѩһֱǣҡֻȴǡҾȻҵľԵȻҵľֲ

鸴ӼˣҪûиöáҾͲΪѣҾͲһʱȺѩһʱֹ˼ųޡ

ȥʱҾڳҲҵ˼ʱأĺȻӿĲöдϡѵղҶԳ޵һв²⣬ֻԼں˼룿ֻԼСƿ÷Ķ̫ֻҸЩƾ֣ѵҸղ֣Ȼ޵廹жξ룬ȴҵͼҪȻôЩ˼

վʱݸң۾ȴ𴦣˵ϲȥɣ͸ҵģһ㶼ϲҲûҲ㿴

޺ңǰϲһҡҲȥǰһҿˮǳڻΪΪ

ûǱƿ÷ڳҵǰĺۼɳȴ뿪ңѡƿ÷һףȻתص˴ϡңֻ۾ȥ¡

ҲĴˣҲĲȥƿ÷*飬Ϊ޿ޱϾһƬģݲ°ۡʹʲôҲһȡ塣

ѹĳЦԼҲЦҳЦԼһ߽оԽԽԽԽȥ²ߵˣҳЦԳ޵ĹôʧܣǶһ١͵Ȿƿ÷һҲûó޴Ӹ*ʹⱾƿ÷Ҳ

ǳ޵ʲôѣΪʲôҪأҺʳޡڵƹ¹⽻֯ĵطȻֻǸӰȴҸеررĳһѾˣҺαػҪƣЩƺ˵֮ǰв£ʣֻĵȴȴĸԸΪʲôͲܵһأ

ת˳˳޵ңİŹϡҪȫӰҸϵʱЩЩˡ

ûҵֻ֣ʣղźͨ绰ĺӣ

ϴ½ʱ˸鷳˵д½ʼϴˣͣں̨޸ģѰң˰СʱҾÿǵĴм䶼˱ϴɹԺôϴ½ڰ汻ǸֱڶûŪдʸŪˡ 



34

ʵƺƽ֪жôƽжô֪ȻӸղͨʱЩݿѲˡ

Ǻܾǰô֪ҲǲʵģϲĸԸĸ֪ԽԽҪĥٳٲϸ

ǽˣҲſվǰȴڸղʱҾ͸ı⣬ӴԸȴҲˡ

˵벻һ˵û飬ѩҲҵŮѩǸɰֿĺӡѩȣ˵һѸһֱסһ𡣡

ô仰޴ףҲҸøϸ㣬ȻһͷˮȻѾʼˣҲ˵ףӵĿʹȫ˵

û뵽˵ĳޣûٴοڰѻȥ͵վң䲻ŭ䲻ңȻҺѰô˵£ôԺһѸסһҪþȪ֮µİ𣿣

벻޻ı֣벻˵ĻôңôԶԹѸôƫѵѸͲŮˣӦᵽҵ衣

᲻֪жôЩԹѸƫˣ᲻֪СʱҿЩ͵͵аЦ˵ǹѸʱҾͶôޣ޲ڳЩ˵۾޲ýЩʬ

޻ﲻͣĺţȫȻûаǰĶŵŮ󣬡һֱΪѧʱǸİ㷴ʡû뵽Щ㾹û㳤ȥ㷴䱾ʱֻЩ¶ҡû뵽ھ䵽һѸ죡

ˣһжѾ㹻ˣ㹻޷޷ŭˣҲǳ޵ĻҵͷҲǳ޶ҵһԭ̳ǰĻƢҾȻѿҪϵźݺݵƿҾȻ첽ȥץס޵죬ҶѸôˣѸͿɳܾ͵ͼˣ

ҺݺݵĵųޣҴʱѾȫһֻʧصˡҵͳ޵ô÷촽Ҫ촽ˡ

ǳûţֻǾ̫ͻȻ̫޷ˡСʱʱ۸Դ˫˫ҾֻǰԹ޲ᡣ˹ӴĵĵһΡΪȣһѸɵɵĶңǾİˣȫȫˡ

мӣ޾ôңû˵һ仰ûһᡣɿְصƿʱſʼӿ˴Ŵŵ顣ڴϣңǰŤѱҳ¶ۺ֡

֪ʹҴǰκһθĥʹô֪ҵʹʹ֡

Ҳȥҳңݺݵİű

Ҽû˯ţһﶼһŭĺףǳںݺݵĹء

ڶûޣһĳȥˣ͵͵ȥˡΪʲôͿҺȾͲУѵҺȾҪһȣ

Һ޺޵뿪˳޼ңƮһ졣ҶôϣƼǸŷţһȤˣҲҿһʹࡣϴƼҳԷҸŷˡ»ȥеǮ»ֻǸҵĶݿ֣ҲĸԸұҲûҵǣȥ˵һμƼ԰ճٵҵƻ

Ҵ԰ʱҵĵ绰һӾҪˣһȴģʹ౯˵ʱҸȵóֻһǺȴǳ޵ģûнӣҺݺݵİѵ绰ҵˡ޲ģǱ߷Ĵ֪жôҸɴѵ绰˻

ûй޵Ĺ»ҰߵϿտյû˻ȥҲ֪ΪʲôһȻؼңصǸҵļҵļңѵǹ¶̫öԹ¶ڳ˿־壿

ӲͷƤȥģ޶ҷŭҶԳ޷ŭʱҾ͸ܵԼǼµĿˡ

һֱΪ˯ˣҿ֪лص˯ǼҡǵҰŴʱҳһң˫ȫǾϲ·ȴڿȴԸ

ҳԾǣûͣ磬ȴӰҡ죬ѵǵĲȫˣѵҪһͣ

޶ЦѰտ֣

ע⵽ϰŸյ⣬Ŷʮδˮ̫ˣҾȻʮˡԼȴˡ

ԭ޲ͣĸҴ绰ҪΪҹգԭȵڻû˯Ҫһףҷף̫ˣ賿Ķ࣬Ѳ죬Ѳҵˡ

ǳ޻΢ЦΪҵȼΪҳո衣Ըּõе⣬Ұһ鵰ڲ˹ôַ·¸û·յҡ

Ҳ֪ҪѲϵǿ鵰⣬ͽﻹҪĨϡǰҵջնģǳϻеƤЦͬʱ趼Цӯӯߡ

Щѹһ˴ǰһڡû޵ݹĵ⣬վתҵȥ

޸߸˵Цˣҵ˸ȴûջȥϵĵ߸ߵǱģʹ࣬Σ衭ʲôУ鲻ԽĿ޳ˮƾˮţûȥ

ôֺңҲֲĹʧҲزˡԽǿ͹ѸҾԽҪȣҾԽҪΪһΪ

ҲԳ˵ղű۾һԸҲ˵Ѿٹ˼Ѿֶδ鹫˾Ǳҵˣ 



35

ڶһڴϾ¥˰ȵŸڳ޵ű㼱Ĵ򿪣Ȼǳ޴ҴҵĽŲ֪һ￪ųӳˡҲ̫ǸˣŸһҹʧ˻Ƶģͼ͵ҳޡ

˵Ҳٹ˼ɳޣһ᲻ֶδ鹫˾ǱҵҾݼŵľᡣҴҴҵĴӴҴҳʱŤ۶ûüۡ

Һûü˳¥֮ǰڱޡ˵䵭Ҳ

޸պô򿪳ȥţվסŤͷ۵Ͳ⡣Ͼô졣

֪ʮ𼱵ææź棬ȴ֪ʣпȥ̳·һһͬȥѡ

ǹҪƻԼᣬҺȻ·ҲΪ鹫˾ǱҵҪȥ￴ȻҲǸеģҾûжһŮôȤҲܴ̫ûΣСǹ˾Сҡ鹫˾Ǹǰ̨СбۿҵǸ걣˵ҲֵطĻࡣ

ûشң¥ֿңʮΪѡҿ첽ߵǰŲҿ¥¹Ȼһͳͬĳ򿪳̽ŸԴ񣬻ͣİȡ

֪صúܺãֻܿȴҡҲҪأȻʱܸ˴غͰȫҪ¶һǵϣһ2046¥ºȻҺ߳ݵһǵôܻĿų뿪ġˣ˵ļ˽Ͳɡʱ򿴵ﾹȻиˣһմӴûü۳Ť۵ˣһһ˸ʿ

ȻҰѲһ򿪣ʹˣ˫ôģ鶼ƺ˳Ŵδ˵һһסҿ޺޵ͳ绰ų޵ĵ绰ˡԳ˵ʲôֻ޼˵˵Ĳǣ޻˵ʲôȴҶϵ绰ҧгݵͷȥ˳͵ķȼӷƵˡ﷢˷һһĿ

޴ŵ绰ųԶȥ˺þã̾˿ðɣҲãȻҵǾͳ𣿡

ȻͶûԣȴĵͷЩ壬ȳһֻҪҵҴﵽҵĳĿģҵֻ¥µ￴ҵûҵ

ǰÿһ仰ҶŲɣ˵ֻзײܻ֡ڲ֪ƻӶҲһܸ˴Уֻֿеģеᡣ

¥Һͳ޼򵥵ĳ˵ͣȻȥ̳ûȥ͸֪ȥȥǻ԰ԱߵǸ̳

ѡ·ĺ۹⣬ֻ̳ÿ·ȷʵ̫࣬ѡЩ·ԴȥôôÿŪŮһЩ·ۻò⡣ʼе㲻ԼˣǸԱС㣺׸Щ

ԱСЦЦָԵһ˵ڵľõģ㿴Ϲ˧о񡣡ϣһ粻֮ࡣȴߵͨ죬˵ðɣסԱСɣ㲻ٶ໰ˡ

ԱСΪ޵Ϲó޺ߣʵԼҲЩǸĴˣô¹ġҺȻʶܲãӦˡ޶ɷŬѹԼӸСҶžĴԼҴûԴԼĴŹӽԺ鹫˾ҵ֮ǰӦ춼

һֱΪ¿һŮߵˣĪϺǸû뵽һװңԺǻꡣûûϺǸΣеɫȴҶ˷˧ͼᶨҪװҪװȻˡȻпǷ˧ͼᶨҵţҰαװɵš

ҵ˧ͼᶨƺЩһ˵ʢˣһ˵ĸ߲ʣСҵĳҲȻֻұ͵͵ĶҲһԸʱҲ֪ܰԸֵá

޴СŮˣﻳĳĻʱʱҿǿʤĵطȫǸƿǸġﰵЦеûս޾ͰܵһͿˡ

һڶžȴΪҸȥˡҳ˹ȥҺҲΪҸǮҴӻµ׾·ͳǮҿҲͰǮ򿪴ͳǮ׼ݸӪԱȴЩǮƬ޵Ƭ

ԭ˰ƼҵǮˣԭͳľǳ޵Ǯ޲һУǮƬȻ˫Ķҵ۾ٶҲż治ںޣҲܲںҵƺҲϴˣϴ޶ҺƼĻˣ

 



36

ұöԳ޽ͣҲҿˣΪЩ겻ûһ㳤䵽˺С͵Ϊĵز˵ʵҶֺ˵֪޵ĺޡҪ鹫˾ҵ񲻹Ҫ֤Ҳûж䣬ҲǶʲôİҪȫȫҵİѸɳܣҶȵĸ鲻¼¡

ſ׼Գ޽ǮƼȴ֪Ȼð˳Ĵˣϵ¸þ޻̸֮

Ƽ˿еǮƬֿ˿޺ңЦ˹һԣصģòǺ˽ȴƫƫպó˵磬ǿ㱻ԵߵŴӦƬ㵽ֵġֻǲ뱻ˣǮȡƬæвòǮһø㡣û뵽㵹æûпģЩõᡣˣѶ㲻ҪٳĥԼˡֲûֵ㰮Ůӣ˵ңֵþһ

Ƽ˵ĸѽʲôʱ򱻳ԵߵˣʲôʱֽҰѳ޵Ƭ㵽ˣƼô˵˵޻ô밡޲סҲǶĿİɣ

ҺƼûмȥȻԼĻˡƼôˣĳ־ֻΪǼұŵĻҪȻôͻȻͻȻȥ

ƼǸˣΪʲôҪƼӰʧķ̫಻⡣

ҿԶиӰһ£еŷʱҾ͸ˡƼôȥƺҪ㿪ŷţôΪʲôҪŷأŷΪʲôҪĴѰ׷أСӲ׽Բô򵥡

ҽʾ֭ҲŪƼǸŷţʵŪֺֹǡ

ҷʱΪҸ·ǮȻ߽Ҷ˵ܵͣѰǻȥɡ

ҴûްѡѰֽеôҴûްѡǻȥɡ˵ҸܰĺȻңҵòҵľĺͼƻһƼСҺҼʱͷԣֻڰϿԡ

û˵һ仰ҰǮƬݵ˳ûƬֻǰǮ˹ȥ˵ʲôȴû˵ĵͷ˵ݵɬҿûͣû˵ƼĻԣҲƻ˿̵ҸֻҺȻƺƼĿģҲó޲˵Ǽ¡

ԸƬջŽԼǮûЦ³ڵĴʹһӣҸƼĴҪʱҪƽЩȲó޸е䵭Ҳó޸еϾĶԳûޣҲٴϼӴ

޸̳߳ʱԼٲȻһԱ˴¡ֻ˭֪һһԸһġ

û߼޾߽˸绰ӵ绰ʱϻҸֻǵ绰ǱߵʱϵҸ࣬ȡ֮һһ䵭ŵ绰ʣʲôڸңôû㵽ģ

һ߶ŵ绰˵һĴҸ޵ĿȥҿˣڲԶҿһҿţ棬߶ֻ˵߶Գ޵Ц

һӾȻ˱ѣµȴ˸ҵһмƻˣһûпҵʲôˡϵ˳ޣխֻҪǸһ㣬ĹǵһﻯԹޡأǸˣƺǺŮ˵ˣﲻһ뷨ݺݵҾ;漣ˣĻ̸ָ鹫˾Ǳҵ

 



37

ȻȥڶϵĹȥֻһƮݵıӰĳ￪ųһͬȥʱӴ򿪵ĳͷ˿ҡȻܺȥﲨһתȴĵĳطһ¡

ƼĻˣΪҰˣĵĳֶϵİȼˡҪߣҪǰߡҺȻΪʲôҵ£ҲҵҪῴñȶҵĸ黹ءôˣĻûб䣬Ҷܶһ㡣

ʼﶼûۿңֻޣԽǵҲڣԽ֪ҵĺжĳԽԽԶ̸鹫˾ҵĻҲԽԽԶҲҶȥٶȻҪЩʧĳʧ֮ǰ

ҶԻص޼ңͻȻǷϣһҲûȥҴڼҲǴС簮ȻзҶı߹ƺûˣһŮһҲɹ̳֮߳ǰһһһԸҵļǿܲסһĳ̳һ¾ͶеҲҲϣ

Ҳûϣãұ㲻ٽʾ֭ȥõʲôȥ鹫˾ҵ񣬳۳̳ҵĲŻȥȺѩ½鲻ҵˣȥҶĺݻֹˮƽƽյĹޡ

޻úȴû˯һֱڵЩĲȫΪӴҾͿǣңĹδ̤֮ǰƽƽȻЩ²ŸոտʼˣһֱΪڰϣ֪ȴ

ǳȴû˵κһ仰òĶЦ

ѵƼȫˣǺȻ˻۰Щó׿

ƼҶ޹أֻȥȴûʲôŪø㡣ﲻǱһȻЦŰſ

أʲôش±ƫƫȡ߽ңҺҺòײžͷβߵĻ֮⡣

ҹȥϲʱû˯ں˭ͨ绰ںͨҾӦúúȰȰ÷ľͷҲҪأ·кܶʲô֮벻ȫ˵һҵһж˵

ҽܶණ̫ԶˣҴڲ뵽ЩʧȥһǾҺȻرжһŹ¶رһͬ¶Ŀ

Ҳҵţں˭ʲôȻҲ֪ȴ˵绰Ǳ߲Ǳ˵ʲôӳ޵ĻѴףͳͨ绰ǳ޵İְ裬ǱΪ޵һʲôȻλ˵ƺͳһ񻹷ִ

Ȼ޹أȻֻǳ޵ļ£ûҪȥȻλûͳһ֮ǰƺûнͨĴ㣬ǼҲֻʱһԡ

תԼҡ

Ǳ绰ѵģ۾̱ϣ϶۵⡣һһĶãþҶû˯

ٴ۾绰ʾǸİĺ룬˵ǸİŮӡҺګơ

ڵ绰Ǳ˵Ѱ鹫˾ҵ飬¥µ㣬Ǿȥ˾һˡ

ҲûԾôӴǲңңһѹȥһŻңɼ˭ΪʲôҿЦ

¥¾иüЦţ

 



38

ҿˣü߻һ͸޿һģһô˵ˡ

ֲôأҹڸְ绰һǶž޴ѹ鹫˾ҵ͸ĳҲˡⲻ¥µǸüľǳ޻

һΪҲѡġƼô׵ľƭһƼĻһˡһǳ޽鹫˾ҵ񽻵ġһʲôʱܣΪƴĶΪ컹òſһȥ

ľõ鹫˾ǱҵİԺԳҸƼһƭǾϲ⣬ΪʲôһֱûдƼĻԣ

ôãôҵİƭͶʵñǴ廻Ͷʵʲôأȴ׵ľͰôȥһкʹࣿϾҴС÷ѡҲƼĻԸ˳޿֣ǻó޿һ𣿵һһѻ²ʱ¾ͻһ߳޵Ŀ֡ҲԸһѱҸĶ壬ñ˴Ӹߴصĵˡ̫̣Ĳ̼ӵһҵϡ

Ҳûж˴ɷ򣬾һδνԼѶϵԸעڸ黹ҵǰֻǻ

޵ҿȥڳҵ˼ɵĸǸüȥɡűֿţȴ粻֪ȥʲôطԥ˺һ¥ûнܳ޶ҵİġ

뿪ǸߵķꣻϳҹڳĳѲǳˣҵ飬̫Ĳͬ

üʼ΢Цȴ˵һ仰һ·ʵкöණǲǴǩԼû֮ǰͳڹӣ

̻ûʡϾֻ飬**顣Ǳ칫ķ¡ͷҲסﾹ񣬴ĵĽ۷ŵﶼ׼ȷˮƽߣױƷ**ԽԽ࣬ЩʹжĺҲԼ**УӾüǵľǳܵеʲôҵǵľҲȥǰüЩΪһ̸⡣

Ҹü˳߽鹫˾ʱĪҲ֪ôңǲǻֻֻܳܿŮˣҺ֮ǰû˴гΪѡ·ҶٲûоԼͷԡ

Һüûҵ칫ңͿӰ칫˳˳ֹŵأ·ں˭һʱŭϸ˼ֲãݺݵĵ˵ңûк˵һ仰

ԭˣҲҵйأֻҪҪңҪҿŮ˻ʲô³ô߸ϵĶҲʣҲĪĳ衣Һ޵ҧгݣҲֳܹޣ޸ûΪҷ鹫˾ҵᣬҲǱƻġҺĪΪҵĴó޺Ҷʧȥ˻ᡣֵüһֱûк޺ȥıӰҲûĻعˡһҲı֣΢Цżȥ칫ңÿš

ֻһŮˣƣĵͷڰ칫ϡ

üǸŮ˵ҰѰˡ

Ů̧ͷһӾ˾Ķ΢Ц

찡Ҿȣǳޣ

鹫˾ҵǳޣ

 



39

ԭһжˣǰԳ޵һм붼ˡʱ﷢һжɿһӺܶ鶼ߵǰôˡֻﵽʲôˣΪʲôܺͳһȴ²ⲻ͸

ûʣ΢ЦŭδҲ֪ղڰ칫﷢ʲôĹ뿪ǰݺݵĵǼۣѲ²⵽һܲ죬йء

ǸüȥˣİŴϡ

£˵޹УѰھҪ˰ɣ˵ߵݸһݺָͬ棬ǩ˴ȥɡ

ҵͷһҪǩµľζõǷ鹫˾ҵ񡣳޾һж׼ãֻǩˡ

ÿ춼Ϊ˿ԣÿ춼˼ϣ֪ͷڳõõɣ

̫мˣͳһҵйˡǩֵʱֲһǵõ԰ôų޶鹫˾ɧġʱΪ鹫˾ҵʱ֪ϳľǳް

Ҹǩֳ޾һֻ֣˵졣

Ұѳ޵ֽסþúþûչ޵ˣһ¾·صͯ꣬ʱǣųɽҰıܡ

û˵ղŸĲ죬Ҹ΢Цţһţֻû˸ղָʱһŮӵɬ

˭绰Һͳ޾ͻ˴ţһӡ

Ҳ֪绰ǱǸ˭Ҳ֪Ǹ˵ʲô޺ܲˣ̾˿˵ðɡ

֪£Һͳ޸˱뿪鹫˾ҾرжҲرáҿôôмƮƮİơڴϵÿ˶·ǰ޾Ҹ

ȥ԰˷ֱĳޣ˳ǿҪϾ·ſʼתһҺ¥ֵҾûƼ

뿪԰ǰȥ˲г˺Щһƿơ֪һԷһúһ˺üˡҹ˵ƣ򣬰Ѳ˰ϣơҾǰЩʶΪҹֺԶͯûеƵɽ

վڴǰ棬ҵȳ޹ʱ㷹ֻǳҲˡѧʱ޾ϲĲˣȻҵĳԶһŵĳʦ֪޺ܻǰϣܻǰǻĵ΢ЦΪ̫ί

öҶûȹˡܾúܾǰҳʱҵõһ̫Ҹ顣ǽѲʱˡ޹أ̰޹أĴмǱĴмҪȴ˵׵С

ҹԽԽϳûȣԶһֽƽϢɫϼ˯ջһһεΪ޾ͻϼ΢ЦˮҹɫȴʲôҲûȵ

ȺȻҴ˵绰˵СһڴϸҴ绰ģѩһ˯㣬һ°ѩˡ˵Ѱǲ鲻˳˳ҲҪѽ㹫˾治Ҫˣǿ뷨ұĹ

еҵĶ䣬ʲôطһӼûиȣûиҾҪҫΣȻͻȻ֣ȥ޵ľϲһˣһҵ裬һȡǰûܸȥκξϲȴܰѾϲȡǸøеο

ʱҿĳĽСͣ¥¡Ŵȴֻгޡô˵ڰ칫ҽӵǸ绰ˣô˵عںˣҺȻеģȻѺǩ˺ͬǷҵǰ϶ҲƻˣһġҲ֪Ϊʲôұǰϲ޺һ

ûһԼ¶ҰԼƽӰҿڳ޺ҲҪ¥ȴֹͣס

ų޵ıӰȻ˸еĽޣЩ˵ޣֻ֪Ǵǰѣֻ֪ǿҲ㣬֪ҪĲҵҪǵİ顣

ûлͷͣҲֻͣ˼¥ҿһ˿ЦʹĳЦڳЦﻹǳЦԼֻǳЦ鱾

Ȼޱ飬ת͵طһת۾ʧˡ·ǵðѳô죬ôͲܰԼʹ͹¶

һصǰ绰ȻǱߵȴһӭӳ޵׼ôãҵȵĲһ˲ô

ƿţҡҷ⣬ͣңˣ˹šͻȻ˽һѰ۱

Ǳĺˮڳ˵̰ɶҡһ˲䣬޾Ͱôҵҵҵ촽һڹ˾ޱȵ˵ʱ᣻һǰ˴ʱȴ˿ҰݿҰֻҶµһл˳޶ʱļ䣬ΪǿžΥҵ˹ޡ

Ǹжͬ飿ǲľܾҽӵס˳ޣһʲô䣬ڵϷһ̾Ϣȴû顣

űƺнŲбȥ

ǳ޵裬ǳ޵վǰ޵ˣʱˣҺͳ޽һʱˣ

ҵͷҶ㿪۾ҿ͸ҵֻղŴﻬľ͸ҵֻôںͨ绰ˣ

ֻûйҶϣʾͨ״̬ǱһʲôˣҺͳǿҵĺһˣ

 



40

һŻŵƿޣϵֻûԵ绰ǱߵȣҴҴҵİֻҶˡ

̫Ͷˣûп裬ҵͻȻƿе⣬涵ң촽ҧýģԹޡ

תȥСʱίҪԶԶĶ㿪ҡ

ײԼ裬Ծĵ裬ˣ

һ֪Ҹղƿ迴ǡɬĺϼһ¾ͿĨԹޡûеشתܽҰԼ档

յңûжǰʬε׺ݣȡ֮޵ĵǡ˵ȻȻѰʱͳ޷ʲôҶҪ㳹ǡ뿪ްɣԶҪ

û˵ҪԶ뿪һǻǺŴǰҶԳ޵ַ

̾˿˵ѾѣȻְѡģȻǺϲȷʵУǳްְõѵĶӣ˵ûİְ֣ްְ־ûнĳɾͣͿ鹫˾

ͣͣ˵Ϊ㣬ǩԼҵǩ㣬ѾְַǳˣöԸһ뿴ˡҲòֹǣްְֽЩ岻ãҲͳϼˡ

͵ĳ޴ְĵ绰ʱףΪΪ˼¡ԭΪˡسҹ߾ȻȫΪңû𣿳뿪ܾ뿪

軹˵ЩЩޣҸҵŮصĸޡ̫İְˣÿ¡ҲҵŮΪһɿ˻Լһ

Ҵûκҵİְ֣ҲûǶô֪Ϣô֪˻ǻţҶôϣͻȻǰ벻һĳ边޵ҧгݡ벻ΪޣΪҵ衣

˵ְ뿪֮ǰõѡǴв꣬һֺûְֵ֪࣬ĲԻ󣬺ܿͺְˡӼǧ£ǳȫĽ㣬еŮ궼ĽǣΪǻҸ

û뵽꣬һжˡ֪½ǣȻ˾ȴֹһδӳ˼빤ҪȥʱѲˣ⹫ءûдӦ˾ˣһΣҲһΣʹ飬ݺݵʹ裬Ϊһ˾ļҲءˣ˾˲ݺݵĸ˾⡣˾ˣӴ˺跴Ŀɳ𡣺֪ĵϢ˾˺Ŀɳ⹫պȥ

ǳܣܵúóһʱ䶼˵ְ־ʱ뿪裬˵ҪȥﴳΪ̫ˣһӵ

˭֪һȥѶҲ޸һ꣬ҺȻյһšһⱾдţȴĸҡŷûŵַֻǴʴ֪Գɶĵ裬Ҫת費Ҫټǹˣ͵ˡ

̫ˣ̫Ϊ豧ƽˣҰø裬迴ͺݺݵİ˺ˡȻ豧ʹޣ񶼼ǵʱжֹһεңôôô

ǳ˹¶ĸ˴˳ЦĶ޷ôĴûлص죬ѡ˰ǨһׯΪչ裬ҲŰȥ

ˣҳĵطԭҵĵطֲЩ˶ͳôô⡣ҲˣΪʲôǷڰ׻ǷԼĺڰ׻Ƿڰ׻һҰְֻģ˼Ұְְ

Ҿ˾ĻҾҲֻԼİ⹫˾ڲˣҰְ̫أҰְ֣ȫȻҰְôĸӡ

ѵ˵Ķģ˵ŮͼϲŰԽǻŮ˾Խǰ÷񣿣

ҺȻʹΪһֱΪΰ边һŮ˶ʹΪһֱεİְ־һɳܵĻ˶ʹ˺þҵʹŽȥҲ貢̫ˡҲϲﻹװһˣһˣҵİְ֡

Ҵһ䣬򿪹ӴóСһ˵ڵ绰˵ҪֽĶְֵԻְּĸҵǷģûа衣ҵʱְֵġʱһֱûóȥˣҰ㡣Ȼ͸ˣȻҺϣҵͷȥǰ˵ְһĿ⼸μڵûа˯۾ôģôġ

ݺᣬҲ˵ȥˡҷŭһҲ˸һڰ׵ĻصǷһķ񡣻ϵͬͿȣͬͶϿŰѳͷֻǲ裬һˣһҿƵˣ

벻ҰְֲͯʱεκһƵ壬벻ֻҪžҾܿҰְֵģΨһͬҵıʹࡣ

ôΪҳְһֳ嶯һҪѰְֵĻ˺ĳ嶯ҲΪ˺ְ֣Ҳ˺Լ

ָҾͣסˡ˳Ļ˵ҪҰѰְִͷȥûҰְһûĿ

һĻ˵ҡĪǸҿƵ˲ѣҰְ֣

 



41

ҺȻˣֻΪȣΪΪпҰְֵϢҪҵҰְ֣ҪرȥҲڵ¿Ͱ͵۾

ҸӦ뿪ޣ赣ģҲְĻˡʱƺְˣ޶ôãȴƭҲóҶĸ飬ǰȵġ

ҶԳ˵̣İɣһ뿪

迴Ȼȴѻ˵ȻȻ̾Ϣƺ޿κεĵѰܿˡ

תȥңҲ˵ҸжˮǾ䡰ܿˡĳСʱЩҵĹذһӾӿǰ֪û޹ңҵģҵġѡҲѴοĲޣҲֻһ˲Ϳ˶ߡ

ڶҾˣûó֪Ҳû޸Ƕ˯㡣Ҳ֪һ뿪᲻ľ᲻ұ飬Ͼʵʵһ

ϣһףҲǱ飬ΪãҲһԸСǸӣҸҸʹ࣬ʹĸԴûаֻȡ

ϳֱϳǰЩӵȻƱϳȴֲûԺʺʹķ羰ȴѡ˿λ˴ϳ鹫˾ҵ񣬶һջ񣬵ôҲ벻뿪ʱʱҪ˵öࡣ

иԸеŮӣϳǰһֱͣĴңʱԱиλ˹ߡΪҵʲô⣬òˣЩ죬ļȴһʱ벻

ҶͷǿЦЦӦȷʵûʲô˵ġҲЦˣҪ£ԱȴŮŮһߣߵĿλ

Щŭĵ˵Ůû뵽ȴƼƼҲܱŮûֻ˶ҵЦƺԼȡһ˲ʤ

ŮӺܲȴûŭƹȥҺ档

ƼЦЩֵң磬ôҲҰ

˵ֲģʲôһȥΪ˹ҺȻЩ֣ҵļûƼ˵죬ʣƼô֪һȥأ

Ƽûҵʻֻ˸߲ҵ˵ŷŰˡЩظֻ۾Щ˸ڶҸղŵʻǾ䡰ŷšЩԲԡ

һӾ֪ΪҪŷŲˣһΪһĿġ԰߳Ǯ񻹼ǵãˡǸŮȻǸŮƯܿɰȴƼ䡣ƼףӦиõǰ;

Ҳ뵱ĸ˵Ƽ֪ʲôˣ㲻Ӱȡ֮еҲڳϵóѵġ

ƼҲϣֻǶҵƤЦ𣿳һֱץס򣬺Ǻǡ˵߰쵽һ

֪ΪʲôҾץס֣֪ΪʲôһץסҵľͷҼϺ˵ʱǴδйҺȻֻܳǸаСŮѽĪǾΪǸСŮˣһСŮ׹벻׹

οͣҶǾʹĻ磬԰ΪʲôҪң

ûлشŤͷȥ⡣ѾջļڣҿЩĸŮųĵӣЩŲñĺѸµĵӴѴѵѹȻ͡һæľҶôϤľľ긴һ߹

˼ƼȴԹԵ߰벻һöŮҲ˰ʱ򣬺Ҽ˯ˡ

˯ú㣬ϻ΢ЦĽҸֻЩҸôԶ˷ģǧҸղŵĲش𵱳ɶĳֶĬϰ

ȴҾҸ˯š˯ˣ˿͵ǮҲͰȫˡ

ֻ˯ˣȴȻЩġͼתȥҺǸŮ˵ǲļŤͷȥȴЩЩһҺƼˡһΪҺƼʱеϷˣȻһǸ꣬ϾƼ̫ࡣУϴǳΪѡʱзװȥȷʵòǮ˵ӡҲҸղŶƼĶﵱ˵ͼҲƼһﵱ˴Ρø˸һʹûȵķŮҲںƼƼʱҼϵľˡ

һŻŵĻعͷܲǸζڴ쵽ϳֻСʱ·̣Сʱĺܿ죬˵һ㲻ʲôο΢СʱʱҡƼ˵ˡ

Ƽ˯۱ʡĵôôô⿴

³ʱûȥںǸŮӣҲûȥʲôҲоôЩˣԽǰ֪ѣԽעֻܲ

Ƽұ߱ߺ˵վʱʣƼǾҪˣ׼ȥأ

ҵ˺þҲûش𣬻ͷһƼֲһ·˵ԻһҲԣûһǻȺֵֻĹȥˣΪġߣȺĴѰҡ

ûҵƼȴǸʶŮӡҵ䳰ȷиʫҵȥ˳ճԡ

Ҳ˼֪Ƽȥʣ֪𣿡

վסˣӷ̵ĵĸղǸСŮǰ㣿

㣿㣡һӾͼˣǰʶŮ˭ˣڰĦﱻСķ糾Ůӣ

ٺ˵תˡҺΪڳϺ˼ЩԭΪ

ҺͰôĺð˵ǰҵģԴӵһ˲гҾͰҵġ°ԴӾһҾûϢǸùŮ׷ȥҪӾֳڹô

һû׷ǸŮҵĵ绰ˣİȴǳϤƼûƼô֪ҵĺģôеǰ취ֻǵĵʣƼǲʧˣ

 



42

ƼǱЦǺǣҳôô֪Ϊʲô԰ҪˡҲ㵣ˣҸûôʧ֣ʵҾڲԶֻܿ㣬ȴҡȥ°ɣҲµġǺڡ

ĹãȻƼӰӣǸõŮҲʧȺˡƼˣҶİĹˣûó׹֯û뵽ԼҲ˽ȥֻȴȳ޿ѡ

ұø̫ͣס֪ȳ޸ܲסû뵽绰Ǳȴûѵ绰Ҷˡ

֪ƼжƤִҼʹվڣٴվҲı⡣οǸΪ㱨ƽŮҲˣûд塣

Ȼʱ仹磬ȴûлص2046ֱȥ˹˾Ҫڹ˾ͻȻһϲһҪӦˡ

Ϊ㹻ˣû뵽бҸˡڹ˾ſҵͻȻ֣۾һ˿ϲ˵ԾѰһɹˡҪ㲻ġ

ûеͷ϶ͷǶࡣֻס֪̾ҲȻЩԹҡ֪Ϣȴܾأðɣ

ңƺЩɣҲڲǲתĿˣǲǶȲȤˡ˵ڳɶû

˵Ͳ˵ˣЩòʱˡһҲҲ⡣ʵл˵ڣô֪ȴֲôģҸҵȺһθһĻϢ

ĬһȻʲô˵ˣ֮иŮ˾㡣ͬʲôֲ˵ҾЩ죬ΪѣڰĦһҵǸŮӣȥ뿪˾ȥϳˣҲû˾ѰȥҪѣǧ档ܸסַŮ鷳

֪ΪҺãȴû˵ȥת뿪˾ҴҵˡûлͷȴоһֱҵıӰô⣬ĵȼһ̡֧

Ϊ뿪˾ģҪȥҲ֪˾ûȣûȴҡУǲǸȷһµƭ֣û̫˼ȥЩҲںˡҰȻʡֻڳǸ糾ŮӵĻ˳ճԡһðˡôƽȴôϣľȥҲðΪҳԣӦȥѡȻѡʵʱ˶ϡҲκһҵ˲׵ΪһԸĥǸ糾Ůӡ

ȥǼҰĦϰΪǾþ濾ĸɲȼղɣȻôһͼֵֹЦŽл˯İĦŮȴû㣬ҲûǸõŮӡΪߴ˵ط˳һʲôͬʱҹǴ졣

ˣ˸߹ң糾ŮӶ᳤õһط£밢һҲˡһԼ˵˵ûκ˱ȣТ˳Ҳȸ֪һ֮ġ

߱˸еİĦûҵ㣬ûҵκһ밢аϵˡȥ˸ԶһЩĵطֱиĦϰģҶһӵҲֹ˶԰Ѱҡ

֪ҲҲˡޱˣпǰ֪ѴȴעֻܲˣΪõŮӣڲ֪ϵδİ㡣

ҲѾԵסˣȵΪѰȥôʱ䣬ȥȥ˾޾ϲĻᡣ̫ʧڸ¥ıǹ˾°࣬ѩѧʱˡ

ûȥ˾Ҷȥ׶԰þûȥѩؼˣ֪ѩһһȸԾ龰

ҿ쵽׶԰ʱǣѩ׶԰߳һˡ˶ƺܲˣѩ߻ÿ죬뿪һ˵ӡѩȻԶԶĿң˵ĽţѰ壡Ѱ壡Ȼȵ

벻벻ȻңһѽѩסתѩݸһˡһôܣȫȻǸղһ˵ӡһҲŸѲͣŻͷҵѩı˻

ҺȻ͸еԼûйĹʹࡣȺһ˷Ҹһԣѩ಻ǲĺӡֻǸˣߵĻᶼûУ

 



43

תȥȺһҸһԣҲȥѩȻĵĿ޺ôҵġ

С˵˵ֻҪģİոжôʹ࣬ڴҫûȾϲݺݵˮҶôġһֱΪǱ˶һԸޣ㣬֪Ƽû뵽ԼȶҸûֺã顣ʱһŬмһˣȫ̷񶨡

ŲŲţҺ޲뿪ȣҵĽȴҲȥķʱҵϣȥˣΪҵϣڲ֪ȸһ޹صˣҵϣһӾûˡ

ҲҪ޺޵뿪˵Ѱϳһȥɡ

Ҳ֪ΪʲôǰҾôû־һ仰κθЩ䵭ĻŤתҽŲķ

ȥһ˵ĳͣڲԶһߣһշ̡ѩǱϻˮȴͣıֱ߽СѰ壡

˳ѩ¡ѩϣһôϸңڿûʧȥǶʲôȻ˵˺öĻǵȶҵĮͣСգ̫ɰˣ

óһ·̣һ˲˾䣺鹫˾ҵˣ

Ȼûлͷ֪ҡҲ֪ûҪһشѳøһЩĳЩ棬ƺңҲңҰͲԶһ֪ĶĶҸжֻĪĵġ

ӷ⾵ܿı飬Ȼûбı顣֪жʹͲ⡣Ѿ˼鹫˾ҵ񽻸ңΪӴ˱˳İҸϳ˾û뵽ôţôʮյļƻǰȻһ̸ֽ۵ı׾پͱҹˡһһΣջϲһجΡȻ޺ۣҲô޴󷴲ԭ

֪һưոݣ֪һиıݣһҶû׼á

2046ұѩ߽2046֮ǰ2046ǺȲ߽ȥġǰû߽2046¥֮ǰһֱֻǰûȵҲûֹ·ѳϰߣ֮ϰߡһʹ׶԰ſȰѩݸʱôܣһ뿪ʱ2046ʲô

Ҳ֪ݺһΪʲôҪĴûʲôİѵǰֻ˺ȷûעһˣֿʼΣУ϶ӽҹｫʲôҪҪ񶼵µġһΡǸʦһжģԺٻͷȽſ

ҺȹŵţҽݾȥԡңҴԡҳڿҲ֪ûпûʲôȻϵԡûҵȵ֤ﰵЦһ˵ĿɳܺһΪԡϴԧԡôû뵽ʹϴˣҲ֤ݣĻԡ￴

һֱΪԼһ˹䣬û뵽һɡҲʼע߽ⷿȵҡҲһΪᷢʲôΪѾʲô뿴Ϥһб뿪֮ǰʲôͬȵŴ

ҲȥȵŴԽԽҪ룬ҾѾԼұһεľ޴ħšҲ֪Ϊʲô;һ˽ˣͻ߽ǼңŴ˶˫ԡ

ܼˣҲ֪һˣǲǻᷢ裬ǲǻ¿ѩԶ뿪

ҿһбۿ˿ңȻųȡϧȫҲڣҪҡһˣҿκδǧҵȣǧ˵ѩѰ˯ɣ˯Ŵ

ҺýţĶɤð˳ȫÿһë׶ڵһˣһ˿˵Ļ

ȴӳ˳ŲųõĲˡ

һ˵ȣһȥˡ

벻һһ仰һӾرƲԼ͸е޵ݡҾұһ˴ˡһûк潻ͰҴˣҳҫ۵£һӣ

ûԷֻǶѩ˵ѩ˵ټ

ѩȴҲһˣץסҵ,˵Ѱ壬þòѩˣѩ㡣ѩҪһѩ˯һ𡣡

ѩ˵仰ѩ仰¶Һ˯ڹһŴϵľܣҲῴղһ˶ȵЩϧαװģܹݣ

һվſڣŤͷȣҴûôôʹôŭ 



44

Ҳ֪Ϊʲôһᵣȣһ˱ȶһãվһ˺м䣬Ϊһ˻ᱩĶȷš

һûзţֻȣȻ¶Ц֪Цʲô֪˭ڹ˾ôߣȴͬһôԸʹٰȣҲܲסִҲƲȡ

ΪȻһ˽ͣһˡûУһֻǸӰӣһ߳ȥʱǺݺݵĹҲûӲһ¡

عͷҺѩ˵ǳԷɡ

ȻһԷĳԷѩҲٵƤҪҺ˯ĻһﲻոȾ

ԹȻԼңûкĸŮ˯һ𣬵һ϶ŸڣŸŴ뿪ʱ䵽ûзʲô顣УΪʲôȻһ˵ںûУΪʲôҵĹһûʾϲҪ׶԰ſңһˣ

ҺܸлѩȻĵģƻһ˺֮Ĺϵ˵Ҳֻзײ֣ܿƻӶҴĿбȷ׸ֱӡȻƻ죬ȻֻһĵСĵЦ¶

ڶϣѩȥ׶԰ȥ˾ȱ絽˪ڵǰרעҪ߱ˣûиоҵĹһȻʣǰİȡ˷ǳĳɼע⡣Թ˾κ˶ע⡣

ʵҵĹڹ˾˲Сĺ䶯ݼһˡȻϲȻֻ޿κεҺ͹˾ǩ˳ΪʽҵԱĺͬڳҵǾ仰Ǿ仰ͼӿ˳٣Ҿжں

ͬǿģǺ޹˼ɵĶ࿴ǰ˸ԾҼ˺һҵ񻰵ˡҲϲңֻںȡĵ̽ʳɹܣ޷شֻпЦɹˣûȸе֣κγɹ塣ұԽԽĬԡҿǿҵԽԽҽסǲԽԽˣĪ̸Ҳһʹ࣬ĪҲйһľĪҲΪȣȴһŬܻȡȵķģ

ʱƵûţֻûһһԸһϺǸʱͻģŤȥķҸȷĵĳһһ˰̣Ը˴ֻ¿ҪߵĻͬĸһƬ

ҸһȴҰҲ֪ǰ˾ûĹҸһת֤͸˸ʲô˲չʾ֪ʲô˼Ҫҳ࣬һ֪Ǵģжûܱҵ

ڹ˾ſǸϣһ˴ƬհףҪҺ绨չʾԼյĶȥ䡣绨۲ǴѧŶգܿǾԼƬհױóʵֻʣҵһƬеλãô֪ۡÿͬǾʱƬհף翴Ҹ߸ȴһ֪Ĵԣҡ

ĺ֣Ƭհױðٰ㽿ġȻת֮ǰɵƽƽҵ񣬿ССĿռչʾ鷨ȴͬޡȷʵƮƣֱ֮

绨Ƭհߵ˴ҡﺬһŴŮӣ飬ҹΣﲨ͡

֪绨ƪΪдģΪߵĶȴ·ʲôҲûҲ֪ǲмһˣǿ˼װʯĳôᣬô绨һƬ鸶ˮĪ˵ȵĻͼԴ˴ҶȵĳģĪǧˮ϶ֻȡһư

°ʱҸվͼ绨׼뿪ȥͷỽ֣ǧȴ˵ߡ

ûΪͣ£ңʣѰҪҰæ𣿣

ָ֪ǲչʾһƬϣҼᶨҡҡͷ

Ҳ֪չʾЩҵʲôϵֻ֪һҪԼԼĳƬհ״ϱ˰ŪĶԼͿѻšҲҪѧ׾һҲûôݡֻģһҲûĹңʹңƾһ˸ѿҲͲһ˵ĿĴɣҲԽԽˣôҾôƲҰɣұûܹٽҰĮһںʲôñ˰ҵһЦɣ

ҶȥˣȣֻվǰǵȴҸı⡣

תˣһ¶ᶨıӰ绨ôɵճյվһӺΡΪ˸һദĿռ䣬Ҳû绨һ㡣ǰڼżҲҺһһ

ȥѩؼңҵʱѩѱȽߡѩټ׶԰ңһšĪ뿪ʱ䣬ֻȺһ֮䷢˱仯ѩҲʼԶˣ

һصʱѩԹԵɳϿӣһֹԹԵ߹ߡҸѩͷ˰ɣ֪ˣԶңǸˣҹ͸е˼ﲻգġ

ڳ߹ȥȻôģȴһҲûУұֱǰࡣֻԼģҲҡȰѷ˶ΧһԷʱҲȶһ˿ѺãҺȻҵļֺǳװ׷ˡ

ʱҽӵһ绰͸ҵֻӵһ˵ĵ绰

绰ͷƼЦ磬⼸ô

ֻ˵ͷԷȣһ֪λش

ƼҲ˵ŵôˣǲʲô鷳ˣҪҪҡ

ûѣæ˵Ҿ;ʲôطһ£һƬڰȻͻȻʡƼ춯ԾŴȪĸ質һӾ͸СҶƼ˷ܵ˵

ҲԱˣѾ뵽˶Ըһ˵İ취

 



45

˳ĹҶ˵绰ƼǱߴߴ˵ꡣȥϵķˣƼ绰ʱҸ롣ҿװмһˣͷĬĬԷȣϱЩȻƼĵ绰ҵ˷һȶˡ

ҺȻúøˣҷеȵĴ⡣ҾҪԴףѹ˭һֱôĥҡһֱĿУֿоѩƻȺһ˵ĹϵҪʹ졣

ʵǰȵģĥֻԼ֪ȶôңԹʹ÷ٴҪ뿪ҵʼջǶ벻ûа취Ϊûһ˿ϵū͡

Ҳ˾ǶԵġҵѪҾҺһΪԼ˼

ת߳¥ҲΪǸս˵绰ȥԼᣬҲǣȥЩҪĶˮʣʣֽʲôġϣᡣںңԽԽףҵһ˺ãʲôζ

һʱȺѩѾ˯ˣһĴѩȥ˯ġһû˯ţһġ

ҲȥҲҪһװںҰԼҡһֱŵƣҲ˯

мҲֻһȴҵţȻڿȥ̾Ϣҵңƺ׼ÿڻԥ뿪ˡ

ô⣬ԼĸԸ˯ȻǵһҳҹߡҲΪΪǸҴ绰Ů˷ܲѣҲΪΪչʾ¿չࡣ̾Ϣһοҹ¶ġ

ʵڻһǰһĻһΪܰ軭ôʵôģҰְǷڰ׻ԺûܳߡǷǰҲأһߵĲɫְֻҲԵôѷɫ

Ҳǻ裬ôʱ⣬֪һֻʹ˳ҲչʾڻһˣɰƼ԰ƼҪһ

ûлƼ棬һıӰûбҸϤƼˣ֪һ˭ҲҪʲôȷʵǻɯ΢Ц΢ЦѱҰְֻĻƯϡ

֪Ƕϲ̽Ѱ壬ԽǿԽ֪ƼڻһһƮĴۻ꣬ټƼǳഺĽģһһͼžٲӣҲΪפǻڴ˻ľϲҲȻһЦҲ顭

ڶ͵˹˾ҰһǷ˶һͼҵĿհұƽȴһֱڼĵȴȴͬǵĹĿ࿴ȴһ˵ıܴȴȵʹ⡭

ȻϰʱԽԽڹ˾ĴſڣǴλõǰΧ۵ͬԽԽࡣŮ˷ܵĶǷƷͷ㣬ָ㽭ɽһ򵭶Ҳ߿߿ңǲɡ֪ڲʲôﰵЦҿҲ̲ס͵͵򻭿һۣȻŲҴҵȥʱ͸Цõˡ֪뿪ĽŲΪʲôôæѹһ֪һľҴ绰ǸŮһΪϴڵ绰ĺҽǵľǸŮ

ȺдЦѰʵǲϳ䷢ϵ**˭ǲ鹫˾ܵŮֲҵôɹ

˶ЦĵҵĻشҿҲԶ˽Ų

ҳȵıӰĵǣ

ҿȵ΢Ĳһ¡˼ĽŲҪӱƵ뿪һˣһ˲֪ʲôʱˡ

Ҳ֪һΪʲôôŭȥһһҹɵġһͼ͵ĳ˺÷飡

˶ˣһ޵ҲתһͶɵĿ⡣

Ҳҵı̫ˣҲĲ˳ɫһûÿѪȫʧˣǰҲֵʧ̬ƵİЩֽƬңýȥƮڵصֽƬ̤

ҺȻͱŭˣҴûһ˷ŭҲ̲һҹѪԱ˺鱻̤ƼԣƼô֪ôа

ҧгݣȭͷ

һûһ˳ȥͳңһšסҵ죬ôޣƺҪϵƼһ˺÷飡

 



46

ҵһζһ˶ŭҲҵһҪһˣ׼š֣û뵽ȴһӴηſңתֱ˹˾ûлͷûбӡܺޣʹͬʱô¶·˶֮һºǽǽߵҲƺ

ô׺ݵ˺ҵĻô׺ݵšҵ죬ȴȻſңʲôҲ˵ʲôҲ뿪ñ𾪵ȺиȴӴ󲻽⡣

һ˵ıӰǿѹŵŭ𣬲ҲȥҾķҿȣȵޣЩ׾ĺ޺ͽš

֪ں˭ڽ˭һ¾һΪʲôȴҲûһһע⵽ȡ

ŮǱŰϲˣȲôޣĻ˵ӡի߳ǲϲ˵ģϲµ£ǫǫӡȻһýȢŪˣﻹõֱ컹αװ

һڼȶʻյ¶Լʧ̬ΪʲôܡҾúںװǹȿȺµĽҵ񲿡ֻԼ֪ڵǰңһ˺ݺݵ˶ٱ顣

ʼҡˣǲΪȾֻ˾һҪܶһ˵

ʱҽӵȵĵ绰벻ȻʱҴ绰ڹ˾ǶҲŲʵģοڼҲҺ

ʵڱﲻסĻȼʹҪ˵ҲҪȻصᲦͨҵֻҺüһ˸ղŵ£һҲһ̫ˣһ֪жˣҪ޵Ͱοˡ

ﰵңղŬסԼŭǶôӢľٴ밡һԽ׺ԽȾԽҡիƫߵôҺȻԸһٶ׺ݰٱǧӳгҵǫǫӡ

ڵ绰ûˮһʺҲûУһжô䣬Ȼʵ䣬ǱŶŵԵʲô顣

ֻ˵һ仰绰ȥվŵ㵽վ

һûü˵һ仰Ͱѵ绰ҵˣ˿ûںҵĸܡ

ҺȻôίίʹŬĲԼȥȣ뿪ôãҪˡڹ˾Ҳֻҵģһһ˾ͲôˡҲ֪һ᲻һһᣬ˵뿪ܵĿࡣмҿ϶ҪйǸƵˣ֪ǲҵİְ֡Ҫҵҵİְ֣ΪİͺޣΪԼİͺޣһҪҵ

°ʱҵһ뿪˾Ҵû°ҼҪҲߣȴҲûһۡҲ뿴ȷʵ̫ʹˣϰǰôص£ôԶĮҲҪȥΨһмСҪðѽø߹һСȿģҾҪݼȥõ壬ˣҲǸģҪȥ

ʵҵǵ˼ôѿο׺ȡʱװٶۣΪ˲Ⱦһġ

ǽ죬Ҳ˲ôˣҹ⵱ȵžӷԼõ尮֡

ûԾͳҹⲻȥȣϻ˳ġ

ѩȴһסңõ壬СĵʣѰ壬ǲŮˣǲֻŮûѩˣǲǲҪ뿪Ǹһˣ

ôҲ벻ɵѩôôƸУô᲻뿪衣ѩͰ͵۾һӾˡ

Ǳ߽ѩŤͷȥ⡣ѩߵĵ˵ôǼװȥϵİƶҼеô

ȣʱ˿ֻ̣Ҫһҵ֣¸һҾҲȥˣҾ͹ԹԵĸˡʵǰҵģǰǻ˴˺ôֻҲ֪Ϊʲô֮ǵŪֵز

ûУƾʹİѩڱƾȥһҲģõȥ˵ʲôҽζͣ

Ҹո¥ӵ߳ҵĵ绰ˣһȣҲ̲סеָҴ绰ˡҲǽҽҲǽҸɴͲȥˡ

Ҽͳ绰Ұ½ҲҪѹˣҶŵ绰׼ĽȡǱȴƼ

绰ƼģЩɳƣſǻ磬ưɣҺ㡭

˵ƼҲ˵ȥˣֻǱҺģһƬС

ƼһֵŮģ֪ʲôˡϴ԰ҵİ˳޵׷ϡ¥ûôˣĵڷˡ

 



47

Ҽĸϵưͣﻹõ塣ұҲ֪ץסƼʲôˣ̫ײС˵ʱ仹磬ҲΪ𳵵Եʣɺɺ١ҴȰƼΧȻٸվ

ư˺̨ܶ࣬ϱ߱ߵ߳ƴʦŪʽտšƼ࣬ߺȾƱ񣬼ģСΧнҡΡ

ˣƼ߳أһھƺݺݵĹȻõ壬ôжͻȻ

ƼûԼһҲץסʲôѱôȻô¶ôĪûֹĪҿһֱֻ

ŵõʱ֪ˡ

ҲܽͣҰõ˹ȥרΪһҴûô¶õ˫Ĺã֪ʱΨһϣõӹȥô䰮ؿڣЦЦЦû˿ɬֻ޵Ҹ

һҲֻһ۹ȥжκһˡôӣӵø޷жϡƼôֶҲͬʱ򡣸οڹ˾ͼȻͬȣһкܶҲ²͸ĵطʱԼû⡣죬ȣȴȥҪ͸õ壬õչ޾ֲԤû뵽Ƽ

ҹеʣƼ׳ʲô£

Ƽûشȴ߹һСӣƤЦĶõ塣

СбңƼļ糰Ц**ô˸ƵѣҰɣҾԱǿ

Ƽû˵ҿ˿Ҷ

ʵСӺЩ֮ԱǣҴСֲѧС졣Ǵֽϻ顣ǹȴ޵񹦵ĴӢۡʱҾԼĴӢۡ

Ƽ߬ҵ·ʾҸһ뿪һӢ۾ģҲΪԼķѰҽڣҼʹųΪƼҲͻȻֻƼȻСȴĿƻأ߽ö꣬ҷḻҧһԭ

˵СƽҲֵ̫ˣ͸ҺƼһΡ

СȴôߣֹƼ°ͣĵǺǣ**ߣ

ƼһֱܿԼ°ͣһСӵֺࡣ

޿ˣҳȥҪݺݵƿСӣû뵽ֻžһƼ֮ǰȸһĶ⣡

벻Ƽһ⣬Ҳ벻Һסˡ

ܿͷӦһӡݺݵһƼ˹ȥ

һֱΪԼǹȴ˭֪ؼʱԼʲôǡҾȻһС죬ȻӦ죬ȻƼҲˣһƴȥƼһŮһᵱףѪ

ȫûƴϷʹұһǸСֽ߬סǸƽڿУôҲ

˲ǱˣȻŷţ

Ҳ֪ŷʲôʱģʲôʱҵƼģһӾƼΪʲôǰҪǸСٰ̣ȴֳ䲻ĺݺݸһơ

̣һң̣һŷš

ԭƼͺǸСûʲôҲܸȫҪı

ŷţǼܸȫܸӡ

ֻҲףƼΪʲô׽ŷȴô裬ٰܶԶ֮ѵҲǴӡիѵҲϲߣ

Ƽҵ־˵ߣ

Ȼŷűʾ˿мȻŷڹ˾ô˪

ҿǼСӣڵŷų˹һǱŷŽֵ߬ǸСͬ

˵ƼôŷŶΪ㣬ںΣգǲʱ

һֱΪֻģðʹû뵽ƼȻҪʯĳûҵĻ˿ɣҾܣﻹ޺޵ĵƨ£ҵģ˭ˣ

һܳưͣƼһ⳵а벽ͣ˽ȥ

ûƼ˾˵ʲôҶ첻̫ϤҲ֪ƼҪȥֻǵ˺ܶ·ͣʱҿǰ治Զվһˣ

 



48

˵ͷǻţڽĵȴ˭ɲת

ſ壬Ȼһˡ

Ƽ³һ˲ûڳϵҡȻƼЦЦЦһЦЩ񼣬ѵƼʶƼҪȵǸˣ

Ƽȴ飬ֻԹ޵³ȷҵ뷨һˣƼԲһԺ޹ϵˣֻ֮䵽ʲôһ仨⣬һȴ˫ۺˮ顣

ҳƼ󣬲Ƽõ壬ĿʱһŬǷЦҲûˡȻǷߺޣƼЩߺҵϡ

С˵˵ʱɱˣҴʱ͸еһ˵һѵһѴ޵ķĵĳһƼȡ˯ȣȴƺƼʵѩĻʱԻ롣Ϊĵͽӣһƭȡȵ壬һץסƼšȻôޣ޵ҧгݣǺҵõֱȣϾȰô࣬ϾһֱΪֻռС

һ˶޵ƼȻңֻõִҵļϣһֹֻסҵĲӡ

ǱͻȻּң·ʢ˲ϢꡣԴصʹһֳѹܲסķйƼһˣйȴһˡ

ұƼͻȻٶŪˣκηӦһŮţǶôҸô°ȴ·˿ʯͷӲû˼άҲ֪ƼҵĴʲôоǲǸеԶ･ӿˮˮ¶ȣҵĴȴǱġ

ǣһĳֶǧˣһ߹һ㣬һһңŤ߰ԸһܹҲ˲ϡڳŭһڿҵƼݺݵĸһ⣡

ҴûĶ⣬ôŭĶ⡣¥ƼǸСĶȲϣ¥ȸһ˵ǸȲϡһȥͷ·ʲôĶ׷飬һѪҲ޷첹

ƼɵˣһɵˣԼҲ޷ѡţûˣҲûˡһʱ·ǰеⶼһ󣬷·ԭ˭Ҳʶ˭û˭ȹ˭Ҳû˭Ϊ˭

þúþãƼԼգѪָӡһʹĻʹֵǣƼﷴûһˮ

Ƽתˡ

ҲƼΪʲô׵ķŹһˣŭĺҲûһѵʲôѵǲǾýһ٣¥ǸСһҪһӦ

һĻ쵰˻òޣڷŭĵƼԶȥıӰڷŭĳƼıӰĺ𣺣ɣԽԶԽãԶҪ

ƼûлͷһҲת֮ľԽԽԶһ蹵Ҳ޷Խ

һǾ仰ȴҷĺޣ޵ĺޡǵʲôϵΪʲôƼʹģ

ҺȻã£ҶܿһˣһҲܡҵͷܣٲȥһ˹¶ʹıӰȥ׷Ƽⲻһʦʱʱʺȥο

ұ׷ϱ߼Ƽ֣Ƽȴ˿Ϊ֪ͣԽܵÿԽ׷ȥûҵ׷ϣıܽʧȥ壻ûҵ׷ϣĽһ˻ʹ¶

ҾҪ׷ƼˣȴײһŮӡŮһЩòסӣҲſ壬Ȼ

 



49

Ƽײһ治֪һ˴ƼǸطڻվһ治ע⵽ǻվһѽ¸׵ȥˡ

û뵽ôңֻһ绰һҪתҵĵ绰϶һҪһ᲻ɢһҵҲһֱôɵɵվڳվſڡ

ʱѹ˻𳵵վʱ䣬ȴţڼһƼܵķվۣôҽԽԽԶҲȥǲΪһôվ죿

ܣ̫ԲȵԤ벻Ľ֣ûʻ˸߲ҵǽŵ׷һõŮ

ҲҸΪפ㣬Ҹ߹ȥεͣûСΪҸ˿ԥƼûͣһֵŮһþһ˺ʲôɵ¡

׷ƼѲ죬ʧԹޣĵԶԶĶ

Ҳ֪׷˶ԶƼͣһؿڣһһϣ첱죬ͷʮܵӡ

ҳȥסҵĵʣƼôˣ

Ƽû˵ȴۡ

ŨҵľζűݱǵζӭƼ¥ȶˣôһڣ̲סˡ

˵°ɣ˾ͺˡ

ƼȴٲˣһǸڿһû˿µĶҶôϣЩԹ޺ʹҲڸղǡۡһ¶⡣

˵ƼˣҲˣؼҰɡ

仰˵úͻҺƼԴǴ԰Ƽˮͱ˴˺øУҲƺ桰ͬˣαʶҵ׶֪֮٣񻹲֪ļ

ļϳ䣬ôԶôҹȥˣҵĻ˼֮飬Ϊʹľ죬ôһǾ䡰ɣԽԶԽãԶҪƺĪһ˵ļҾƼļңǸһˣҴʱҪƼͻǸݺݵĸߣ񲻸ọ̀

ƼңһҲʧˣòˣŭĺҲҪȥԶҲҪȥҹԶԶҾ͹ԶԶģԶҪҾԶҪ

˿ƼļҹȻ죬һ˵ļҹȻƼļˡ

ǰסƼ֣˵Ƽǲȥǡ

ƼЩ

һ˵ʱеֺޣ޵ĺޣʣƼһʲôˣôȻ磿

Ҹ磬ʲôҲǣҸ磬Ͳ뷨ǿҡͲӲҪҺŷһ𣡡

ƼҲ˵ȥ

ļ磬û˵һ䰲οĻ֪ʱԽǰοԽġ

ʹƼٲٲ˵һйһ˵ĻҲһ֮ĹϵҵʶżȻΪʲôҪҴһߣҵҿǡ

һ棬ഺ棬һԽϲԽǷԣԽǷԵԽϲ

ֻҲףŷŵﲻãƼҪôУŷֵãһƫҪƼһ

ҲƼȻһ˵г䵱һӣⲢı⡣ıǲҪһӵģҿóϲҡ

ûл2046ȥҺƼһرҪۺͰһҲ۰ģһô˷ʽһ˲ܸϣܸ

ȥ˸䡣ڴϣŴأһһƼ˯ߡ̫ҪϢ

ҲǾƾҲǾ̫ڣƼܿͳ˯ȥͶһƬʵ¹⣬¹ػƼϧ˰ҹΪҿԾһֱû뵽˯ˡ

ʱƼ˯ţӴһ΢Цŵ

Ƽһһ˿ǧٱҪô˯Ҹ˷ģ

ҲʱôСˡ˯һֱҵһֻ֣ҵ뿪ֺȻյˣоֵֻĴڣʱЩҡ

˵ƼҪˡ

Ƽ䣬̣ңˣֻص˴ǰĵƤֻĪЩɬĺΡ

ҵǧΪǷʲôҼ˵Ƽǲˣһֱߣһ

ƼȴһЦúÿģ˵ȥɣҲµģôŸɶ㲻ء

ܻƼöã£˯һֻ̡ҲҪţȴӽӵĵ绰ΪʱĻҪÿ졣

ҴҴ뿪˷䣬ûֱȥ˾һص2046йɺܴľζƼϵ־ζҵû·

ҿŽȥʱñײԲ˵һ仰ɫȴ컹Ҫ䡣һҺϾΪõ뿪ģһҹδ顣

еʹȴʹҸɣԽҾԽܸоĴڡ

మˣĳԼҲ˵ԭ޷˴˵޷ʣµĳ˱˴˺ʲô

ѩʱңһҵԭҪȻôҺȻúòӦãҵһγҹδ飬ȻӰˡ

ѩܵߣ̧ͷʣѰ壬Ǹ˯

ҺúԼȣһڵңһ͸ģ

ȴ۾ѩŭѩ

֪ŭĲѩŭңǲҪѩ˵ȥ

ѩȻҵ䣬һ泶һȱߵ裬ǸһƯͷһ 



50

ûѩĻҲûеͷѩߣҲһ˲ҲûһۡôҴææ߽¥ƺٵ飬ѩ׶԰ͻٵˡ

ʱ仹ó棬Ҳѩͻûü緹

ף֮Ҫôıѩ뿪ʵٿңѩϷһŮ˵ͷʵ

һΪͷˣôܻ뵽·ɱ˸Ƽ

һֱΪϸĲźãû뵽δȴҴջǲĴƼͷô֪жôںҺһŮˡ

ڹ԰ǰƸôڷΪΪҺҹˣѵǾôԺڷʵңҲݲҺһ˹ϵ

ϰʱûŤͷȥǱߵȣҵȥҲ֪ڵǰһô޶ôģ

һֱڹעˣһ˺

뿴һˣϾʹƼȴôĺҳǰȻ֪һأһ뿴ʲôֻҪҾ;ðȫϾĵ˲񱳺ĵôʤοһͼ¼ҶһЩµʶֻҪƼйص£ٲƽʱôǸƽҲӴˣʲôһıôһ¶Ա

һ뿴һΪ¹ڻҵøͣҲǸý͵ʱˡ

ҹעˣһ綼ûǰ̤ܲʵ

òװ緹ʱ䣬ڹ˾Ǹ߳ԷߺһŮְԱ̸ʲô

Ҷ˷˹ȥ¡ǸŮְԱƺʲô֪Ȥ뿪ˡ

Сĵ˵ܾ

ȴƴҵĻ˵ȥұǰҪţ֪Ϊ͵ģȴ˵ȥǺˣ޵ҵĽҲмˡ

һֱǹ˾üվȽŸΨһԭΪһһ˾Ͳٶôôˣû뵽ȴһҲһ˵º޾ɳһ˾á

ʱ侭ЩݼȱԽԽȴҸӿˣ֮ĶѾԽԽһԷˣۿ¾ҪΪʵû뵽ȴڹؼʱ˺Ҿͽò뿪˾ͽûȳϦദ°ܴɡ

ʹĵͷ

ڶֵʣѰ֪ˣ鹫˾ҵ񣬳˹˾һҵ񻰵ľӢҲףôû뿪֮ǰˣ

ЩҲ֪ʲôʸ˵Һһһɣ

ȴЦˣЦôģô峺ɾȫûЩκӰô˵ղŴҵĻòмҵĽͣЩͲҪҪңΪʲôˣ

˵һǲŻǲͬġȴŬʾöʲô¶ĮģҲһԶûн׷ȴղܣô뵭һҲ޷

㣬ЦӯӯȻЩЩڴƯ졭Ĭˣ˵ҶȵĻʺҡ

ôͷͷǵ٩٩̸Ϊʲôһ˵Ծ˵տ˸ͷɷβм仹ôʱĳĬȻġһͼ£Ưʲôϵˣ

ĪҾҶһģԼĽѾõ֪֪Σɻ߲ŷҪ˵Ǹ˵ǧôҲԣ

֪ΪʲôƯˣ֪ΪʲôΪʲôڴˡ

ҺȻͬȻ鲻ԽİŲЩûжƼҲ֪Ƽʵһ˵ãҲû𡣴ʱҿ϶һҲûƽˡ

һĺ˾ô˲֪һѸ֪ȵϹòף֪Һĳ־Ҳû

ϵĶ㲻ǻسɶʲô𣿶˳ɣ

̾ҡҡͷ˵һ²ô˳ڻûнڶ

ȻЩ˼˵ȥˣе㺦ȴ۾ҡ

ҲҴǰαҺȻ˫۾˫۾һܰҴǰֿ

Ұ۾Ť𴦣ͻͻʵǸоʲôˣʵԼҲ˼ˡ

ҿȶڽͷԷ

ҿһ˹ȥ

ҿֻڿ˶ǡϾԴҽ빫˾ü֮ãһǵһڴ֮ȡһ±ѻȸ

Ҷ۾䣬ȴû˵һ仰ֻ޵˫ۣһͬǰĶȻһ˵͵һת

Ҳǵ̫ᣬһڵϻ᣻ҲǸû˵ֻһ񣬱Ϭһͨ

ᣬȫǴ׵ζҲ׵׷ʲôҶôܹףǱ˴ֻǸ˺ҲĬ

ʲôҲֻ֪ǺһһۣһȴŭĳҵǺݺһȭ

ұһҿоȵǵ˶ڻζģ塣Ψȴ쳣ܿҲƵ뿪ʱЩĶҲ̲ס˳

ôʹôãȻ޹

ȴһ˶ŭӴˣҾƼа㹼ͱѣ

 



51

һﳤȥȻȴ޷ŭ

ϣҿһУҲӰôΰΰǰֻһ΢ĳҳ˶Ĥݣû취

һһȭôôݣΪ˰Ƽİղ߹ȥ֪ΪʲôˣֻѰһ𰸣һǷؼҵĴ𰸡ȶˡ

һôܲأһԽˣһԺֶͬƼĻˣƼôҳ˳֮ΣʲôοۿƼǹңƼܿ׷ᣬһҹûлؼңôҲǺƼһʲôȻһˣйŮвƼҸɲһȼյĵ

һС֮ĶȾ֮ˣΪƼٴŭֻҪһ뵽۰ƼҲ˲ԶϨˡ

ֻȷʵʲôҲûƼҶûκһŵͱѣһڴ֮ºһ仰˶ˣȻǲʶƼһ˵ĹһǲµóЩʲôӶһ˻еĺŲˡ

Ҳںңںȣһ˵ȭͷŭȱֻǲɵĲٲɡ֮ЩٲֻһĵȴЩҸݼˣǳ׵׵ı˺ʹ˺ʹȾôͬǰ̲סеˮ

ԽʹҾԽ絶ʣԽǸеҺȵľԽԽԶһֱΪҺమģû뵽֮ʲôǡమˣ֮ҲûУమˣΪ£Ϊһ˵ľٶܿ

Ұһʱ򣬵ҳʧʱҲſͬ뿪ټĵطֻʣҺˡһжôģ·˶·ʲôҲû

˵ʲôҲûġ

һֻ֣ḧһ⣬ôϧҪ˵ˣʲôҪ˵ˣ㡭

һֱȣʹʱߵĲƭù

һӰ§ڻҵ̵ĺĳ֡

˵޶ɷǧȷôҳϣҴһˡ

һһж˱仯ȳ빫˾2046֮ò˷ͺͷֻͬº֮ͬĹϵ˭˭ҲҲκһйذľˡ

һ˳2046ĴƵȸһȥĴҲƵҸ΢ЦȴǰκһʱҪദ죻ҺҲԽԽܣһʱһҲһ˺һʱ̡

Ҷϲѩǳһȥ׶԰ѩؼңǰЩʱøȺһȥԼᡣ

ѩܸ˵ģϲܾǰڹ԰ǴҾ֪ϲֻǺЩˣ͵͵СңѰ壬Ϊʲôٺһˣǲ̣ϵͷǲǾ̵ģ

΢ЦҲشܶһĺ˵Щʲô

ֻǰڻԼСաҪܵҶ۰һǰԶ䡣

ʱǣƼǣһ˲ҹһƺҺû¡ȻôƽԼеӰҺ

һֱûϢҴ绰ҲӣһֱŪʲôԭ

˵Զľ벻ĺǣҾߣȴ֪Ұ㡣ȴҪ˵Զľ벻ĺǣ֪Ƽеĳһȴ޷档

ֻһڴԶԶĿһˣıӰеŷţΨһͬ·һȳһȳģԶŷôҼ߹ȥ뿴ʱǸ˺ȻͲˡ

һһһȭҵĴܵˣôͿʼ˻þ

Ҷ˵ЩʱЦɵɵǻԼ

֪һȴӲɣرϲɵӣɵӡ

ҶûκζĻ롣ȻҺհѩӳ׶԰ʱǳͻȻĴ꣬Ҳ̳ȺΨһܱĵطøѩ

ǵģȣϣˮϴһʪ͸·ԽʪԽ͸ԽãҪӳ׵Ŀ·µ塣һЩҲܵ·һ͸һһĵôġ

ʵˮʪ͸Ĳȶңҵ·Ҳûˮ͸Ȼ·µӸҵġ֪ôģ֪һǻʱʱȡ

֪֪ʲôϵ֪ˣҲԱλæѩȻԼþȫҴȥ

ӵȺҺĿһܱ˴˸оԷҵ

һ紵ôʪ󣬾ȻЩ⣬Ȼˡ

ǣǱϵᷢȴҴ˴ǵķ㣬ǹСӱߴݵϢ

һ뵽СӣҾ뵽˹ɽ£뵽ɽϻڣҵ裬뵽ҵĸסҪҵķرߡ

ҽ

粻ܾˣ˵ϲҽܾһҲܡ

ӦһȴȻʧȥʲʵĻʵҲֻһǸĺҿƵˣÿҶûھȴˣҲ֪ҵںʲô

Ǹ˲ҵĸףʧȥҵ׵ϣǸ˾ҵĸף˸ȷĸӣ

ҵֹˣҷеǰҪˣþöûǰӹˣͷ

һͷͷĿҵļˡ

ҶҸʣѰ˵ʲô˵ɡ

ȻһƬĬҺĳĬȴһļҡ

ĬΪڴҳĬΪԥ

ѩȻͲҪǸ걧ˣҪһ֪ǲϲҺĿš

Ҹ׼ִǸӹѩҾͽӵҵĵ绰Һٽӵҵĵ绰

˵ȥݣԽԽá

Ļ꣬ЩЩ

Ȼһ磬һըͷը

ҵӶĲһ¡

ݣһ㶼İҺƼǸطͽݡ

 



52

þҶûƼϢ绰Ҳӣ֮ǰֻЩ֣ȴûϡһ绰ȴɵЩֲԤС

ûȥǸӹѩ,Ҳûüһ,ҳһӭĳ⳵,ĸݡ

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ڵ绰ֻ˵ݣûоָҲ֪Ϊʲôһ³ҾֱƼסķ䡣

Ҽţû뵽ȴûһӾʹˣ˽ȥ

ûƼӳȴǱʲôҪʹһĻҿȣڴһĲһ˵ȣô޳ı¶Լôôղܵ˺һ˵·һ·µ壡һ﷢ԽAƬһģһֻҵ޵ޱʹ

һȴƺôںļ飬ŤͷͻȻңһҲŭϻ¶˵Ц

һҲ޷ٴȥˣҵĶҪըˣһԽνԽǼԽܲˣת˷䣬һ˿ƼҵʱҲûôܹ

֮ǰײһӣϵĶĹڵأҵһˣҿ˷ḻľƲ˺ϡˡƿ÷˽Ҫڵ𽵹֮ǰ㷹

ҿ϶ЩҲûȴҲûŤͷһۡǰҲֻһһ˼ʱһ龰ÿÿҾܡôҲ벻ģлҪ˺ѷΡ

﷢ıܣұƼʹ࣬ǰʱ׷ңһ׷ϵҲûС

Ҳ֪˶˶Զҿǰһ˿ֻˮһˮ޾ͷҪȥֱҾƣֱҵҲ

ڵˣһǿ֧ҵ壬ҡҡλεվУȴ޷ˣȻиıסʪܵӡ

ңѰʲôˣΪʲôҪĥԼ

ûлشҴһѩѩأ

˵İɣҰͻȥˣǴ⳵ȥģյ2046¥¾ȡ

Ҳ֪ΪʲôҪôĻûдֻǰȵ֡ȴôŭɽߣҶ㲻ҪǰǸ֣

Ǳˣٲ˵һ仰ֻǲһеģұúýý

һҲַ˷Ǳ߼Ʊˮʪ͸㷢ĵʣ

˵֪ûϵҴؼҡ

ԶҲǣԼҪԼŪʱҵңҴһҲ˵ĵطĹ뷿ĴϣϸŵŮıӣұϵ۾ȴǿҾĵһĻ

һֱߣʲôҲûʣҲԶ׷ʲô

Ŀʧ䣬ԸҺȵĵεȫǣԸһйȵӶΪһƬհס

Ըղǳʪ͸ȫˮʹҴһԴԸڲϣһȵһ˺ʱҾͷȻ뿪

ϱŮⱲҲܳ׵ˡôȣôȣڶȴȥ˹˾ܾʲôҺòġ

ҿƺһұôҪйɿͻȻñŮ˻ҾʲôҲйˡ

ǵģã֪һиҡ̫ˣһиöãһһǰһȣ

֪ҲȡһҲһʹ࣬һʹܲˣŸҵġҪҺһֵֵ֮ܳʹ

Ҳ֪ףһֱûҽͣһֻ˵һ仰˵ҪȥϺȻԼһһ³Ȧ

һͬȥϺĻ绨һ̫ˣôãһĻˡҿó绨жҸһֱ͵͵

ҲΪ绨šԵ绨ϺҪúõҪúõİлᡣ

ҺҪҪӴ˺úöԴ绨绨ǸŮ˺ԥˣҲ֪Ҳ˵ǸŮ˾Ͳ٣ôش

ֻĬĬΪ绨ףףκȥϺܹҵ˫ա

ҴΪ绨ףʱȴ˵绰һ춼û񲿿һۣǣʱҿ

Ȼôޣ·ʲôҲû۾ҲûߡֻǴĺ룬ôҲţڵҽ绰

һôαɳܵŮˣҺȻҺݺݵĹҶĵ绰Ժȫһǰ**¼Ӱ

ڲôˣ۾ˡ̫ණȥҲܶǣҺȻ;һжûбҪˡ

֪ΪʲôҪȥϺˡ

ԼҲö˾ġ

վȵעĽŲİ칫ңÿš

 



53

ܾ칫ңûңұ˵Ҫô׼٣Ҫôɵʲôҵ뿪˾ȥɶʱ䡣

̧ͷңЩԾͲ⡣һ£۾𴦣˼ʲôܿת۾ңôĶ˵ðɣҲʱˡ

ʲôҲûʹӦңҺжֻȴûŪǾ仰ĺ䣬ʲôҲʱˣ

ȻʲôҲûңô˳İ칫ҡ

ŷͬ°ˣҲûӰǸղŻҴ绰ôʲôҪ˵ôôھҶȥˣҹҶĵ绰Լҵ˺ҹҶϵ绰˺ܱ𣿣

һص2046ľ˯˾Ҳѩ˯ˡ֪ҵΪ͵ĻҲ֪ҵѾ׵ˣҶѾˡ

ú磬Ⱥѩûĵ뿪ˡҺȻ־ĦļʫȻ˾ϵǼʫԶûǼʫȴʤǼʫУ

ĵˣĵ

һһ䣬һƬƲʡ

벻ģڻվһŻƱЦ˵ˣѰҵþˡһȥɡ

ôҪһȥɶˣǲŴӳɶô֪һҪ𳵶Ʊɵɵĵңѵ˵ʲôҲʱйأѵǵ˵ϲ𳵵ĸо

ǵģ֮ѡȥɶǾ仰˵𳵵ĸоãʱһֱúܣҺһ¸оõʲôĸо

ڻȴûҵõĸо˻ʱġꡱķҵĲͬǵ֡

ȵƿɢܿʱҲŷִҽʱɽҰѾ˿ݻơΨǲʱĵݶѸң̵ݻƵʱŹҲҸջأջʲôˣ

ĺɽҰ䣬ﲻʱ˸ϲõĹãҲ˵һоɽˮʱάµĴֱʡ

һ뵽Ҿ˺þҾ£ʱڹʣ㲻֪ΪʲôҪȥɶ𣿡

Ҳ֪ǲû仰ϣķ羰Ե̫ûعͷȻŴ⣬˵ԸңҾ

ǲôģȴ֪ΪʲôƫƫԸˣǳǳԸ⡣˵Ϊ뿴ҵʲʺҡ˵ɶУҲӦʺϸ˴ĵط

һӾͲٿķ羰ˣתͷ῿ҼϣʣЩҸЩߣ˵Ǿʺ𣿡

ҸҺȻҲ͸ҸˣҺȻͲǰôΪԼûջˣ

ҸɬЦֻʣΪʲôʺˣǲҾ

ʵ׵ģֻԼ֪ҵʲôǸҿƵǲҰ֣ǣӦǸҵġΪ軭ôõĻΪԼôõĻˣڣڳɶӰ졣޵˵ҰְּĸǷŵʴгɶ֡

ȴҡҡͷ΢Ц˵ûмңҾһġҲ˵ΪʲôһƮҾо

һӾʧˣô˵ǸҿƵ˲Ұְˣǣܲң˵ûҡ

˴ȵʹ¶˾ĵɶѰҵİְ֣һԸû뵽ûɶҾѾϣãˡ

ȴʱվȴڳɶվҲеĸоæµȺֻе⳵һȥʱҲſһôɾˬĳУǿƽ̹ĽֵȻȫһӡûô¥ȴȻǳɭԴѹô˵ɶʺԡ

ļһߵСûԿף壬Ǹŵ˳ǰʱҾˡǱˣǸҷĵ

ϲˣ

ֻĿһۣ۾ת˵һĿתˡ

ı˳ĳҺãϢˣ

û첽㣬˵ɩӣԲûиϢǣŸһص......

ֲúܾúܾǰڹ˾ĽֵϣҿһԭǸ߹ĴīŮɩӣ

ļ¥¥֣ʱ¥˵ͽŲԽԽȻûпˣҾ֪һһŮλˡ

֪һİ˵Ůˣ˵Ĵ¥

ϾҪİˣȴʱżҾֿտգϵĻʲôҲû

Ϊô֧ҵѲٿȴ˾챩ôһϾܿǰҲ½ڡҼ֧֣лл 



54

Զܵɶôֿտյľ͵أôȥλˣˣҲ˲ѽôҲΪλ˼ʲôģǲ԰׽ˮҲἸɣ

ֻĵȴλ˵ĳˣǸͲϲң¿ǸһǰŸ߸ϵ̬

ʵϵλ˽н¥мȫܱ˴ʱҲǲȥЩˡǴˣǰλŪˡ

ǵģûм֮ǰƾĳ࣬ҾĸʱжҲ󵽣ǰʮ͵ҲһϡܼϡǣΣҲ󲻵İְֻ˳ª

ĸ׺վһʵʻţࡣҴûôһŻεô˵İ̺İݺᡣòѾ㹻ªˣοű

Ҳ֪ˣƾʲôĸ׵ķġѵҲ´ˣĸʱò绨ֻǺˣ

˵ӣҽסԸЩӶ׫İʣҲǰλˣǲǻҲԼִǧţ

ұλȫͬ׵İ۷ˡҲǸªĸ׵İ۷ˡң治ǰһĸ׶ô޵ݡҾûôĵӭȥôȵĺ˵

˵ʵ֮һֱҵ裬Ϊҵ̫ˣ˿Ա⡣ҵҲĸһҲǰһжˡҾͲΨһԺˣҾͲΪˣҾ͸ᵱͬѧȥ޵زˡ

죬һˣҵһθеûйһֱΪһܰˣԭʲôǡҶȵİҲʼ˻ɣ氮Ȳһʱʱǣ

ЩĽְֽ֡衱Ȼλ˵ǲǴӦҰǰˡôŮ۹˰ɣǲĺܲ

ԼĸĸǰҲôߣ͵ֻҲɵ˵ϴλسɶĪǣ֮һĪѶҵİĸĸǵֲ˵ʱˡԭָʱһؼˡ

λȴûлشǴңЩĻˣ߹Ҿߡ˵֣裬ѰǵһɶҴȥߡ

ǻûֻ뿪֮ǰҿתͷȥ֣ķ̫ˣ̫ˡ

İȴҲû˵һ仰˫ĺӣװĻ䡣

Ǿ䡰̫ˡҺ龰ĪҲǾʶˣĪиҿƵˣ

ҺȴִҴҵ뿪뿪ǣҵһԣ뿪Ƕݺݵ

ȥ˺üطÿطû̫ͣá˵ò˽ôõ飬Ǿһտɶ

һĺܿģҲæµæµûʱȥκ飬ǰһ㹻ӦӲϾȥ˴·ȥ򹬣ȥ˶ŸãȥˣҲˣõĵƹ߽˽

ԶʷĽֵĹɫĽһӾͰҴһʱԶ˳е

һСǰƷɶķζСԣȻɩӡҲ֪ΪʲôʱɩҲһøȥΪɩ˼

˵ú˵޵ˣ˵ɩӿȥô߹󣬿ʵһҲġǽôûϺӣرҪӣ͸ĻôѺֻۡǺܣżؼңҳߣҲû㻹ǵ˾ãڹ˾ϿҺɩӻһǴǾ˸ġйأ֪Ϣ˵»

ǵģˣһ˵ΪץʲôΡԭǾǳģԭνץʲôξҪ׽ڴ

оұھ͸ˣ˵˭֪װʲôأҲҪɩӣҲǽ˰ɩӵأҿ񲻻⡭

ҵĻ˵ѰҪ˵ҾͲˣ

Ҳ֪ΪʲôҾĲ˵ˣˡѵҾôںںңǰҿɲİѵҾ֮ڷΨһµˣ

ȥʱˣųйеĳȴûȫ˯ɶԶˬ˸еĴڡӳ˽Щˣһ￿˿һ˲䣬һůůˡ

߽ŵʱĪĸеЩԡ˶û˯ֲڸ߸˵ĵȴǡĸĸ˵˾ʲôֻеСšӡܱ֮֡ǼҲǵص㣬Ҽرǿ

ʱɩӭ˵Ѱһ¡

Ҳûͬ⣬ҲûһشͶ¥

ҸӸеﲻ

 



55

ɩϾйεҲɿ,ıӰ¥

ƺЩ⣬ǲģҲյ¥ݿھͱְֽסˡ

ҶûͷҲְֽ֪סʱıǲǼԸְֲֻŭĺѿڶ,ҴҵĽŲ¥ϸȻֹ

ȷʵܷĲһ߽¥ɩӵķҾͺҲöܡȻסİְ֣ʲôΣգ಻ЩίɵЩҸеĻ֮󣬶ҵʱҷеһּѹֵա

ɩӲҽķ,ȻİŹϡûɳ£һ˫۾ҵϡ

һӾ͸еһӭҲ㱻Ƶ̧ͷ

ͬˣɩȴȶôͬȣԽԽĪĸеի,ſͬ飻ɩӣȴô߸ϣô˲ɿűɽѩĸ߹ʣ

ʣûнҵ֣Ҳмҵ֡

ΪʲôԼĺӣҪƭĸ飿

⻰һұˣղĸǰ˵ʲôˡһһҡǶΪ³ҪȥҽԺѩҵĺӣǶΪıѩǵҵˡ

ǰңҸǶôˡڣĲҺϵһˡ֣еݡڣ˭,ǰֻ,ϲŪҸе׶ĵʹ

ΪʲôԽԽᣬԽǵԽ

һĸǰ˵ЩʲôҾͶʹ֪˵ЩʲôĿģɩҸе׶ĵʹˣȴ

ô޵أķԣԼҪɷ**׽ڴĻᣬѩͽҽԺһԼɷڼУǵȴѰҲټ

οǾź޺ŭʣ޹ذǲҶĻ졣

ңеңɷ

ɷǸôɺ޵ˣϺðοܵȥѰ»

ҵİְֱɺޣֻʹԼӣҵİְֲʹҵ軹޹ĺӡ

ʵϸϸĸͣȻȥôô߹ôʥַ֪Ŷʹ¶Ϳ

Ҹ¿ҵ裬ҵ裬ͺޣ޵ÿ̹ģٲȥҵİְһء

ҵ̣Ҷ̣һذְ֣ھȪµ۾Զ޷ϡ

ʵɩûҪ,ĻңұͲ¡

˵㿴ĲҵźͺӣʱǺһֻİˡ

಻ҵĻҶ˵ʲôˣתҼᶨſȥɲ֪Ϊʲôߵǰȴͣ

ǲ̰ڹ¶ķڵȴʲô

ʲôûһжĵġþúþãҲųȥ,İŹϣʼûŪûң

Ҳ˼,Ʈ˺ԶԶĵط

߳Ҳŷ¥¥¶ܾԽǾԽǲΪ˵Ҳڼĸλá

ҵ¥Ҹת¥ݿھͿվ۾Ƕ񶾵ĹâҺܾãָŶһȰڵţѹ,ȴݺݵĶ˵𵽴ˣ˯Ǹ!

û˵κһ仰,תһ򡣺ûҷ,ܵĶҷʩ

֪һİţͥϸݣֲŵķ֡һְֵ˼Ϊ˲ңΪ˲ǸªͷҹԹԵ߽Ȱڵš

ôҲ벻,װ޺ļͥ,һʵС䡣ʵµǸҡĸװҰķҿó,Ļ˶áһΪɵˣֻסĵط

ɾҪ˵ĵҵļȴŵ񻨵ľӴͻ谵ͯʱùú͵ĵƹ⣬Ҳ򲻵ˡ

Ҳ̫ˣ߽е,Ѳֻһΰǰ龰ͼһ䢲ˡǴγȥϳ,ͳʱ,й

Ȼ࣬һϴ,ͷеþòסˣٲסͥˡסҲڴľܷ﷢ּƬֽǿ۾ĵطκһˣֻҪⴲɹûɲǡһѷʰļͥ,˭,ôϵļƬֽڲˣο˭Կ,ǼƬֽǺܾǰ˹Žȥġ

ҷǼֽƬȡ˳ȴһ˺Ƭ

ҰƴģҿһƬƴ,ǰΡ

һŮ,һϤŮˣ

Ǳˣɩӣ

˭ҪôҪƬ˺Ƭ

˭ҪôҪЩƬľͷ,

ҰƴõƬ˹ҾƬı淢˷дŵļ֡Ϊʲô,Ϊʲô

ʹãĻʲȴʧվּдɩӵƬϣֻһ˿ܣǾĸ硣

Ҳĸ磬ôҲĿԣûסɩӣɩֺֻ֪Լ٣

֮ߵֵزҲںɩӻĺӣҲЩΪʲôԶҲûܸ𰸣ԼҲҲ𰸡

ҳ֮ǰҲԹʹһҹֻʹʱŻյľ

źǣɩ춼ȥˣȴû־ڼĴϱ˺ƬƬ֣ûոЩΪʲôشֻ֪һζֺԹޡ

ҺȻ뵽ҵİְ֣ĪҵİְûлҲ֪Ŀԣ

Խ룬ԽǾҵļ,ɵŴҼĴҲһۿʱ˵Ļְֿʱ˫ޱߵĻ۾

ĪʱǼסһҿƵˡ˾ҵĸסΪ˼䲼õÿҵļң

ĪҲʱ,뿪ˣӴһȥҲ˼İʼձԭò

̲סȥ£ְֻڣһҲյƯĵط

ҿǰһӰǸ׼̽,ȴҵ۾Ŵ,ҴҵȥȻֻôһ˲ʲ壬ȴĪĿ˫ʹ۾

Ҽĳȥ򿪴ӣֻоȺ¹⡣

ҺȻͲˡХɽׯڷѩӽҹľĴҿǹȣһĶ⡣ô˫ôʹ۾

 



56

Ϊû£°ҹšû£Ȼȴˡ£ǰǱȹµĶ

һҹİ˯ҲϸһֱҲδκ顣

ҲȴҺµ֡Ļҡ

Ҵţӭ˽·һҹﻹǻϲǰĴңðû˵һ仰

ҽסҹ£ʣɩӽҺǱ߷ʲô

ȴûлشֻ˵ûʲô㲻Ҫ̫࣬ʱͻ

Ըоˣûʲôǡʲôʱǡʱ䲻ˡ

ҵģڶɵʲôأΪʲôʱֲأ

ǰЩĻǣҲ̫ǻˣ̫ҿôˡôܾסôһССĴۣ

οҲһ¸á

˵ʵҺãҲãҶȫҵָоĵóˣǲĶĲ̾ˡ

ҲҸﰵɣȴɲеȫô򵥡

ܽţҵʲôҪҵģҾ͸Ӧءļ磬Ҷͷ˵˾䡰š

ʵҲҵĵӲûĺҺ֮겻ɢļŸӰֻǸӰƺǸû˫ʹ۾

Ӱ۾Ҳûֹ

ûʹ۾ȴʹˡǱˣʹ

һҺм䣬ҺҲˡ˫۾һֱעǣʹںڰҹҺҲڱ̫۵ĵƹ£޴ɲء֮޷κһĶһҲ޷˵ڡ

ǳջһδĸ׿飬ȴȫͽȻ

ԽԽеĵԽԽԼĸĸôأ

סһֱڹ۲ܲ

ţסǸ䣬ܾǰһסһˣһҿƵˣǸʮа˾ҵĸסĸѣȴ֪ΪʲôǷĿɳˡ

ΨŽ͵ĸһμʱı顣Ž͵˫ҵ۾ΪʲôʱԶʱʱĹ֮ӣԶʱǼɺΪ֪ǰɺޡ

ҲΨܽΪʲôҵİ顣

ֻǣǼôޣΪʲôҪҸסķ䱣ԭòΪʲôҪȥססĵط

ҲףȴʡҪծӻԸѸǷǵȫ塣ҵĸǲֵ

ֻˣҲʣҲֻˣҲʳһͷܿǽеͷҵĸ״صĸ׵ķǰ

ûаЩҸͲҲ̲סȥɩӣͲɩӵɩӣܹɣҺѰֲǷˣôǣ̸̸ɣѰûţûкӡҽôˣΪʱǾͻѰᣬӾͻΪʲôôˣûкתԽԽϣ

̫ˣһ˾ܾŮǲӦõ˵زġȻľĸһ顣򵥵򵥵ҵġ

ɩǰɩܰڵĵƽ

ҲȥɩӣҲáɩԶָ߸ϣĮȻ޷߽ˡ˵ĳһ¡ϣм˻ĵΪ֣ҵĽͣǱҵĻ۾

ֻ۾ȥվһԵ뿴ʱһųû뵽ĻҪʵ֮ɫһıֻƫûƫĿܡһΪԼȹƵĸҺȡõĹҵմմϲȻŭĵʱǵɫһ˲һɨ⣬ȡ֮ǿͰ͵ֺõЦ

ȻҪ⵷ǣô͸ú۾ԡҲǸŮǰͷˣǰҲûôūĹǹ

ҺƲֱҷǳСҲ֪˫ŭĿӵ۾ô¼

תˡרעмڹ˵ʱתˡ

ҶЩȥĹ۾ȥЩûйغõš룬ҵĸ׼Ȼסиطסĺۼһ滭ţܸĳԿµƷ

Щһֱ͵͵۲죬Ȼһûʲôңû뵽澹˲԰ס

ҺȻиϣЩɳơ

Ѱסҡ

Ҳȴһһ

תҿĸףªҡ˫ҵ۾Щϰˣĥ͸ĶʱԶʱ

Ҫ游׻ծҲҪªͷõҸ׵ϢҳĻھȪûĿתߡʵªͷ

Ȼȴֻͣ¡

װö𾴡

ʣǸסôЩˣûзʲô

ˣ˵Уҷһ˺ƬƬǸŮˣƺɩӡƬздŵġΪʲôǸ˵ıʼ

ʮֲ죬ƺЩš

תͷ֪Ҹ׹ڻôҡҲ۾ҵ˿Ρ

ȴӭ衣ǵ̸Ȼͷҿʹ࣬ʹֺڴ۾ʹȫȻͬ

ĸƺҵĻشҲʵҲͣͤ˵ûбģһָо

һ˵оұҲ޷ƣȻ޽䱸ѿڶңҶʱļң

һӱһǰңʱļңʱļ

ʧ̬ҡȷҵǲǶǰǸҿƵ˵ĶӣϲǧټҲҪҵĿѰĿҪˮ棬ô˼ԭһжİšô꣬ڲá

Ǹô궼ԭòôһͱŽסޡһжǻԵɺϣżȻеıȻ

еƣƵýС˵еĳڣҲòô롣ʵһδ֤ҴǰĺöնǴ󣬵һҪȥɲԼ

ͺñأôྭ֤߻۾ȴҪһδεĴԼԼͽħ塣Ⲣ̫಻ǽδžŰʮһѣһѶþ

ԼĲ²⣬һ˼˵ҼҵסַҺ豻ְסַǰǸְֺ賯ĺĺĵطû˵

ˣʣûмǴȷʱһֱסǸط

֪ʧˣʧ͸ۿҪˮĿ꣬ȻֱŨŨûζ˭ʶ˶ܣܵԸʵ

ȴᶨĵ˵ͷҧһֱ˵ǸطҸ׶֪Ұ¼ңο

ҪԼװһˣҵǸ˺޹ϵҪһ˵ݣҸ׵ϢΨˣϣŲã

Ȼʱɩȴĳͷ֡

һӾ˷磬ڵ˭ѵڵĸףҪҪҵĻԣ 



57

Ұ⡱ɩܶҵģĸǰҴҵĻԡҲ֪һ֡תϵĶҸ׵ıı䱾

ȴֹһϷѱ³ֻһ͡ɩӲϷеǣұǣ˼ά顱ĵȴʵ޷Ϸǰȥ

ȻɩӽС֡еôǶעеʱȴðڲ˵һ仰

һе㻳ԼĻ

˵֣»Լɡ

վվǻû˵꣬ȴѼĬ˺һתˡ

û뵽Һ˵ԭΪǵĸױƭû뵽ĵȴҡ֮ôĽסİ֣ΪİʲôҪΪҡ

ҺøмҲǶ̶̵ĻңҲı⣬ҲͨˣǱ˵ɣûжԴȥ档

ֻ˵Ǿ仰ȻͲ⣬˵ԼʱβסİԹΪҺΪԼ

ĸ׷һ̾ϢĸǱ߰ͷø͡

ЩҺ𣿻᲻ʲôģ

ɩӵıӰΪҵ𰸡˯ǸƬ

ȻҿȴǸ߰͹¶ıӰҲҾңɼ

ҸղŶĴмһ˲һԥǲǸðǼܸڣҾˡܵĸ磬ôҪ˿ȥת棬һҪԼȴȴɩȥ֡ôһ߹ŮˣҲһϰ߱˵İοɷ£ݲ˲֡

Ҳ֪ǴͻȻðģҲ֪ô˸ղɩӵǾ仰ôߵĶɩӵ㣬ô԰һˣ

ɩûлشֻ۾һۣͷҲصĴ߲ȥ

һۣٲԹԹԵĵͷ

һۺ䣬߸ֳӺͳЦ

һֱɩӵĽŲԶˣʧĲ֪ʲô䣬̧ͷղŻͰ͵۾ͻȻ¶׹⣬ͱ˵ĵҡ

ҲΪҿ֡

ȻȴҲԭһ뷢йˣȴ֮ûа˼ԣ޵ҧгݡȻĸĸǰðԼαװɲȡֵӡֻĸ˹ȥĹĹӡҲ֪ǶӻˮҪǰòźۼ

Һȥֻûʱȥ˼ɡץסòײеĲעӵĻᣬȲ˳ȥ

ǿһƬɵգһƬûе˫۶ǿաƬһֱţȻҺȴ־ΥĸоƺóһʱƬվͲˡ

ƬһеĳУȻȴȥԶеĻĽ˵ҲһֱϲУֻǣȴˡ

˵һƬĻĽ紵ݲݣЩɪͻȻȴûиеǷϵ⣬չ˫֣СչڿݲϱܡҿܵӴĺȻףƮƮ

Ǳ΢Ц֣ѹֵȻࡣȥƮƮĳϿգһȺϷɵĴ㡣

ҽסѿʵԹŷﱯį,ʤ,һ,ʫ鵽

û뵽ʳļʫȴѹ˵ļĴҿЦʧûഺĻͻȻһ˿į

˵ЩˣѰҴˡԭ֪־Ȥڹ˾ҵѪҺȴܳ㵽ܸʫĵطֲܸʫĻ֪Ҫֽͻʡ

ҲôˣΪˡҺڲûѪҺʡɶʵĿģǵ˵ңеĳиʶá֮ԴСͻҲһ˵ĻԼԼĻȥ棬Ȼʧˡҵʧ˵Ҹû֡ҲửҰױһֻˣҵ衣ǴλƼ⡣

ȴû˵ֻͣ٣ֽŶҵ֣û뵽ȴ޾ʹǣҰִǰģһֱҡһȻ˹ִ治סʹʲôƣðְϣѰҪͻɣ

Ȼףְ̫̫ˡֻ뵽ĻôõĸűԤı

ףһҲ졣Ǳ̫ʹĵˣΪɶļҡɶļǸѹֵĵطȴѹпϣһӵϣ

ôԷϣأҶ˵ǹɣԼʱ䣬òĸ˽ҡ

Ȼ͹һӯ˵Ѱίˡ㶼ΪǵĽȡһʲôɲŬء

ҵΥĵĻˡǰ̫ˣΪԼʲôΪңұʲôҲΪˡ֪Ҵû뵽һɡǡڡǡĽ͸޴˵

ֻᣬöԽԽֶܽ͡ôⲻȥҰѻӵӵҸеЩ䣬ͻȻһůҶ̫α˿̵ĹذȴԼҪʵ

ʵĹذУҿôҸҲƻ顣һֱվţңԶֱϦֱĺɫŨ

ǻʱΪһῴĸĸϴλڿȴԱɩӺŭɫǣƿʱȴֻһƬӴ¹⡣ûһˣĶ˯ˣ˯¹һ

һγֵ̫ϧˡҲ֪ǲΪŴӽҺһݺ顣

ŵ¥ŵķȥԵҡ

һûߵңֻƣҾͺëֱñϴǸҹҪš

ҼǵʱǰŹغõġڣҿȴǰڵţҶʱ͵谵ĵƹ⡣

ҵңϴδǸ˫ʹ۾ĹӰ 



58

Ȼŵú£ûкˣû뿪ĳܲǰ취

ţſҪ˭֪п

ҵĲ²ִˣǰĺëֱӹšûҲûʲôӰ

ҵĴȷʵŸˣŸҸе绨ƶȴµˡ

ɩӡ

Ҵû뵽ɩӣһ߰ŮˣҲԹˮ

һʫʪ֪ĺ˭˾ʫС

ʵѲµΪʲôôԹĿˡ

Ϊ˺ƬдŵġΪʲôΪǸƬʹ˺飬ȴֲˡ

ЩƬʱǰôչڴϣϴƴյһ

Ҳ֪ôҵķģûʡǵļң롣ģˡ

Ҳ֪ôͻȻ䣬ҷЩƬ֮ǰôӶĬһ̶ˮڲ֪ںδĸ磬ôҲûеȵ漣ЩΪʲôûд𰸡

Ҳܲ˵㻰ˣʵ̲ס

˵ЩʵøˣֻҾԼȥ֣Ҹı⣬

ŷң΢˵㾪ţ˼ᡣҲѿʱ벻

˵ô䣬ôЩƬɣʵ̸ֵ

ô˵ʱ˵ԼʱôԹ治ΪҺˣΪԼ

ҲȫΪԼ

ôһǲԼˣôĸʹšΪʲôʱҲ֪ĿˡŮˣҲ۶ôϰίԼ

ҺȻͶЩͬ飬ҲҲͬұҲ֪ΪʲôһΰԼñˡ

ʣϧжЩжʲôʱشЩΪʲôأҲһףʲôˡ

ΪҵЩеĻҳ飬û뵽Ҵˡ

һ뿪ˣֻһͷø߸ߵıӰҹ̫ܵĻûС

нԶıӰʧڹսǴĺڰҽסһ̾һô°ߵŮˣʹʹʱҲмﻰ˵ҵĹĲ֣û뵽û߽ǧ֮⡣

ҲĸʹĸԴ޷͸ƬЪ˹Ҫʸ

Ů˻һյĴô

ϾҺɵ⣬ĥҡĥҵйĸףйҵĸסҲ֪ҪӣҲܴĸõҵĸ׵Ϣ

ϾҪǱߵĹ˾ġ

ϾһߣҾ޷ͥ

չת࣬۾Ƕȴӣ֣ΪʲôǸӰûֹĪҹҿۣ˫ʹ۾ôж

Ҳ֪Լʲôʱ˯ŵģô˯ŵġڶҷԼҹû˯ãͷеġ

ԹҰԼҲûȥһûϢãҶҹ˻ɡ˫۾ǰҪҺýٴ˾˼ֻȹҲҲô˫۾

ںͼ˶߽֮ǰͰԼ˹뷿Դ顣

ҹסҵˣȴزסҵġ

ҵѷɻ˹ȥ£ɻҵĹ硣ҰԼЯİְΪĻչŻǰٴĵ۰ԹΡֱڣҲκʹࡣɳ޵ңھȪ֮£κʹְ࣬һ棬Ŀ

ҽסһᣬӿۿ߿ʼģʼ廭ϵ衣˫ϰ˺ε۾ȴ

ҽסҵĸҶԶǺޱȰһ㡣

һ׼ԻóϸĶһ¡ȻһĺӰҲˣȪµ΢΢õЩο

룬һûó׵Իȴ˸Ҵֻˡ̫ӵʹţҵֻҸĳ˴ǰĸҥ

ʾ뾹ȵģ

ĺܼʹ뿪ôˣڳɶЩ¾ҽҵʹ࣬ĴȬһ绰Ͱ˰̰ҿѪ

Һ޺޵ĹҶ˵绰

Ȼ绰ʾĺ롣

ֹҶϣִ

˷˺üΣҸɴ಻ᣬõţֱƣߡ

˵ֹ˺üΣҲеƣˣֻû

ǣȴǰʹˡ֪һһεĸҴ绰̲סˣ̲סҵ˼ˡһˣһҪҽˡǣõҵʹ࣬Ҳջһ࣡

˺ѷΰǧιҶ绰ΪԼûлҽͶʹ˺ѷΣҲ޷˿ĿСֻкޣ޾ĺޡĪİԽͺ޵Խ

ǣңӦףЩ·һ߳ҲûͷЩһϾԶ޷أ

ҵֻˣʾĲȵֻ롣һİţҲǹõ绰

ҷһž֪ģҲ֪ȼҲӵ绰˹õ绰ģ֪Ϊʲôڻ̲סװ֪˽Ұֻķŵ˶ߡ

ôޣһڲܾ̾һڵǲǳʲôˡǶôˣһ

绰Ǳȴϴϳһȵѩ۵ͯ

ѩȻˣȵ˼ѩôСûĻ֪绰Ҵ

ѩʺãŮӣ޹ǡжٷŭĻҲܶѩ

ѩǸĺӡһʧȥ˸ֻҵĸҲ˼䣬ĸȴ

ѩûϴ˵̫Ļֻ˾䡰Ѱ壬ʲôʱѽ

ɾôһ򵥵Ļȴʹ޷ش𡣡ѩһֱǵļҵҵļˣˣִӺ𣿿ѩףǵļҴͲҵļҹȥǣڲǣҲԶǡ

ΪشһӵĻΪʱȴȻ˽

˵ҹɩӴ䣬Լ֪ʲôĴȴܲԼˣԼ̫˰ŷϡ

ݺݵ˵Ҿ֪ڷʲôȻĶĻ

ǰֻΪҾ˾˼ҵġһ۾û뵽Ҿ˾˼ҵġһıӡûɵǹŵģıӣô֪ҰԼڷʲôˣ

ֻҲʲôõģҾ˾˼ҵġǿٱǧҲŵϲɫɣ

ɻû뵽һץĻߡﳤȥӣƺǻ񾹲Լģģץҷ֤ݡ

ŭ𣺡ѻ񻹸ң

ȴʤĵƫƫҪƫҪòҵûԩ㣬㵽ûбŮˣ

ôֱ׳İѻϵҵ赱ҵıŮˣҪõǰȥ֤ݣûа㱻޴ŪÿЦá

÷ζҪըˣ

ʧȥǣҷƵ׷ȥҲ֪ǺХһŭûаѵ绰Ǳߵѩţ绰ͨûйҶϣѼǲùҶˡ

һˣҿ죬Ҹ졣òץסǧѷĻᣬݼţ񲻿Ҫڻʧ֮ǰ

¥µĿҿĻĸǰüɫĻӶ

Ʋסĵϲãжҵʹޡ

˵ûšûкӡƭˡ

Щ˶٣㿴ɣһǷʲô͵͵ĿһŮˡ䲻ϴҺͱǸŮˣҸҿ϶ϵŮˡҲ֪жŮˣ

Ҳȥκνͣǰʵڿ˫ۣΪܱҾ˾˼ҵġ˫ȴ˲ϵıʲô壡

ֻ˹ȥҪŻĻǱţǱǶһۡҾ۷

ĸףʱĿЩʹʹͣڿĻ۾Ȼ˹âϲö

Ļ͵֣˫ֲѡ

ҪѻݵĸĸҲ֣Ӧ׵ִһ˲ֲǡҰѻ˹û֣ѽջתһ

ֻһѲ

ҵֻûüӴʱҿҵѱ˺롣סһǿɶסұһǸªͷ



59

ҷе˺ĲĻ񣬶ԼԼǿѪġҸе˴δйʹ˺ѷλʹʹ

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ˡĽŲҴҴ¥һǰһ󡣲ûͷȥҲ֪ǰ衣һǸղŵǣǴӸԵķ뿴

ȴûɩӡҲɩٲǵ,ȱ˸Ҫ,ȴм˵ĹġϰԼԼ

˭Ҳû˵ǼĽŲȴС˵ѧ۷֮ǰ

ҿĸף˫ϲʤ۾Ȼ쳣ʹࡣһӾҹڴǸӰǵ۾һģһʹ࣡

ֻǰ˫ʹ۾ЩŭµķŭҲòٳ֪׵ķŭûаϵǷŭȫǳġ

ҾŮˣҾƭοҵĸ׻ĳˣѱɵĳˣֳ˸ʹޣ

ǿµķŭȴûסңҵķŭѳŭˣ

Ǹªͷŭ۾ɲʹ࣬յúˮȭͷͺݺݵͷˡ

˭˺ĻҾҪصĴۡҪҵǸۣ

޷ͷ֣ȻҸ׵ĳˣȻĻҴڱϾȥʹÿ벻ƽʱĿɺޡϾĸס

ֻشۣҾҪӱղЩ¾Ͳᷢ

ֻҪʹͳУųҲ¸ҡҵȭͷʹʹͳޣԴȥ

ȴžһһĶ⣬ҵȭͷûԴ֮ǰһըף˷ţ

Ǹʹͳ޵Ķ⣬ʹͳԶҵȭͷ֮ϣ

ϣ

ȴĸף

һӾ͸߸ߵĺƺûеʹҲʹͷתǳԾͲ⡣׵֡

ˣҲɵۡ

ĻһҲȥŪ塣˹׺һŭһãȻʱиָһѶ˱˺Ļ

ѻݻصҾܣôʹôޣ롣˵Ѱ߰ɣ뿪ҲҪˡȥҾ͸ȥ

׺Ȼعʹŭ𣺡˭һģǾһ𣡡

һЩӵʣǲǣǡ

ҶˣҶĸŭΪʲôôʹˡҪҺһ𣬲ƬǸŮˡȷҾ˵Ķӡǰһҵ裬Ҹ׵Щ

һǲĶ⡣Īǣҵĸףȴûаޣͬ飿ĪҵĸǸˣĪҵĸ׷ĿĪһ𣬾Һҵĸ׳̫ҽҵĸ׹һ

˳ޣ˳޵ҲɲҺͳһ

ҺȻôȷҸǸˣҺȻ;ĸ״ûбңֻңֻǲȥ˺ʵǸ׳̫ˣ

һǲԭɶªͷĻ˺ģ

ҪҺһҾƫҪһ𣡸οĸԸһ𣬸οŭͷҲûأӿ˳ĽŲ

ҺʹŭִֶУЩ˾ΧСŮ

ٴӿ˱ĿУǴʹͳ޵ȭͷûԴҲûϡǰ龰һȭͷǵԴҪܣ

ڼ֮ǰĺҪȢ㣡

ӿĿУʹĿдﵽ˴δй۷塣

һͷȻɫòҰףһֻסؿڣҡβܹȥŵķȥȻ

֮ǰ˴šûлͷûп龰ҲԶҲ֪ҲǰųţžҲͣļѳ׾ 



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ʹ࣬ҲһϲˮպģҳƮĴ֡

Ҳ֪ϸϸʲôʱµģյͳʡ

ұ߬бܣ߬ô߬һҸʱ⡣ҸʱǾʹŻģһɾͻߡ

ʣѰȥģҸš

ô֪ҸղǾ䡰ҪȢ㡱ʯǾ仰һһӡ

ҵʹøӡҲ֪ҵǾ仰Ļ˺Ҳ߶ǣҵĸףȷǸĻˡ°ķǰھȪ¸ʹ޷Ŀ

Ҷ˵ǻǻɡ

ʱȴɩӼĺ

ղȥˣղŲǸͲҺôȻð˳Ҫס

Īĸ׳ˣ

ĸòҰ׵ҡβӡ

ĸףǰᣬ˺Ļһжǰӱ䱾ķһ޹ء

ǣɩӼǱﻹǽŵܡ£ҵıĸʲô⡣Ͼұ޲֮𡣱ϾȻԶٻؼңֻڶֻļˣŻ

ʣôˣǲǡ

Ķðɤˣס˺ĻҵµĵɩӵĻش𡣵ԸĻشҪϣҪԶ

ɩûпңֻǶ˵ãôˣǲˣҪ߾߰ɡҪļҡУ㵽Ǳ磬һҪ֪ͨҡҪҪٶˣֻǡ

ôȴ׳ʲô⡣ĻƺԸղŵ¸һֻ֪俴˱еҺֻǴеЦǾҪ졣⵹˿Ҳķġ

ʵĸҲôʹøγϣҲڵ¡㵹ˣҲչˡòϹģûʲôġ

ֻɩӣһôˣȻ˼ðѻ˵ƵģΪͣ벽Լû˵ɵʲôǰؼĻȥ

֪Ǿ䡰ֻǡʡʲôʲôڳڡ

ȴֻǶ˵ͷͷҲصԶˡһͷζʲôأסɩӵĻɩû˵˼

Զ˻ͷҿɩӻվȺУǣһҿֻææµµȥ

ȥ˳ɶվ˻Ļ𳵡

ȻƮ꣬ǰԽԽҾãޱ޼ʵѹֺͺڰ

ڻϣһֱŴ⣬û˵ֱʲôҲֻżιĴҰĵƻǻĬĬĶŴ⡣

ᣬҸʼնûᡣǿǷ֪꣬Ǳ˴˵ﶼһ꣬µܣ֪µʲôʱǾͷ

ǵ챱վʱҹߵࡣҵǣȻ껹£Ҳڣҵ׿˳ĵƻûľͷôѹֺڰڳ⳵ȥļңұʹﾹҲһ˿ůϲá

ůϲãܿ͸Ⱦ

һļңұȫжˡҿһȰڵţĻֽͻʡٲȻһССĻңҵĸڡ

֪ǲģ֪Ϊʲôҵĸһ仭ҡǰҰ÷ˣǵĽáΪʲôҪôɵôûԵ֣ҲһӶ߽ңһӶῴľĲá

ҳң˻ʣҼӯûʵֲѡ

һִֻ·ű˺ĻӭСİչýˮĵİճϡ

֪㹻ŬˣˣһճõĻϿһ˿Ѻۣˣӡϡ

ջʵڿʼġǾϸ̣ɷ裬Ҷõҵ񻹴ߵģǰԼǷ硣

һδεĻһδδĨ˺м

䣬˴ɨɭ֣Ҷء

ҵĻյˣһƬʹɣҶҵȴԽԽ꣬ҵĻԽԽҡֱҺȻڱϧңҲżҾĥԼʱҲĥ 



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εȥ˯ȴңѰǡʲôأ

Щߣ͵Щط˵ʲôҶûҲû˵ҵ˫ȴŴûйڴ

Ҳҵڴڴһ

ʵЩûĵط˵ȫףǵĻ¡ҵ˵Ǿ䡰ҪȢ㣡

ͣ˻ʣڵһΪ豯ʹʱҵˡ

˵ɡ

ұЩܳʱԲԣѳڣҾҪҪصĴۣҪһӵҸ

һ˵꣬Ҿ;úۣȻĵصֽϡ

ЦˣЦôҸôʹࡣ˹ĽҵĻͷĿҵؿڡ

Ǿ˯ˣ˯

ЩǶȥ˾ϰࡣڹ˾ûбֳʲôر𡣺ʹǰһȥİ칫ңҵҵ񲿣м˭Ҳûȥҹ˭

ȴͬ۹⣬ĽͷӶеһӾˣǰҶҺɣοһ׵ʧһ׵ĻвǷĵ

绨ûдϺǿյλҽסӹôأǻʱֻͬЦأͬһӷݺͿְɣϾǲܾͬǲ˼ɡ

Ҳ֪ʱ᲻һƽʱ͵΢Цȴó绨Ҹ

ҲҸĻ绨ҸӦһ˺ȡôһڸӦĥϵ罺ᡣ

ûһˣİ칫һֱšҲ֪ʲôʱȥģҪʲôʱų

ҲûʲôӣֻıӰ

ڲ飬ΪһһΪҡǰתҵ񲿣Ϊҵĵٴת򱳶ҵ񲿣ҲΪҵ뿪

֪һжһˣ۴ǰڶһˡ

һôαŮˣԽǺһ˴ûȣԽҪͬǰֵޣԽҪͬΪмһ˷

ҿҲÿģʹʹ޵ģҾﳰЦǲмһˣҵô˫Ϊɾߵ۾

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һֱΪһ춼ûҵĹʵҵĹҲĮȻʱҶ߳Է߶Һ˽ҲûһֻۣĬĬڽͷԷȻĬĬĵͷȥ

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ֻҺľÿԼҵ

Ҳ֪ΪʲôҪ˼ΪޣΪҸûǰ

ûгѹ

˵ȥɣѩóˡ

˵ô䣬ûаҰļҵԽʹˡ

ȥѩ˵ƵĻѵ涼2046ҵļңҵļҹ

ңʱȥĵطȴˡ

οĻôģûаñطϲá

ҲҪϵı飬ʼûлͷֻбӰܻͬĮҴûĮҵģȻʹҺޣȴ

վұ󣬺ܾáûжҲû˵

ڵȣҵĻش𣬻ڵҸһؼңǰڹ˾Ǵһؼҵġ

Ϊҵѩ

Ϊҵѩ

Ҳ֪Ϊʲôôû־˰̻ûþͿʼʹҪʼˣҪΪеˡ

ȴʱվԶԶǡ

Ҳ֪ʲôʱӰ칫ҳģҲ֪ҵڻûʵΪ˵

¡ϵһֱչңϵۺԵĹذů£Һ˵ĹϾ̫ʲô˺޵ðΨһĹذůҲߡ

Ҳʧȥ˫ҹ¶ʱůҸ֣ȴȻ˺ȣ˵ԽԽá

ֱȥǴòҪƲסĶȵĸĨɱһɶ

˵ᣬҵþˣһؼҰɡ

˵㲻ȥѩ

Թԣ˵þƼʮ߰СŮȻȸղŵĻȴû̫ࡣ

˵ᶨֻ㣬ôҸ 



62

ʵ㲻ôˣ߿˯ԼҹߣΪȣҲĸԸ

ȴӣͷҺȣең״:............

ûй˼ɣȴˡҵ̫ȿǵܡᣬͣƫƫҲʵԡ

ȴͲᡣϲǽߵӣĨαȳϼĻϲĿҰ⻶ϲЩŵĹϣûŤͷңҶҪЩŵĹϡ

ǶûٳʱһĹȥ

̧ͷ˫ٶ۾󣬺ȻЩż顣ĽеɩӣȵѰɡ

ҺȻҲֲסŤͷȥҿߵ˹ľͷƺûĻͷҲûء

¶ıӰֻĮ޶ûС

ǿЦЦƺ޿κΣƺڰοԼҲ֪ʲôҪҪĻǸ⡣

˵Ѱ㻹ȥȼסɣȡ

µ˵Ҫʲô,ϲʱס

ʱʤ

ȴֺȻ˵ЩҲңϲ

۾ҿҸҲʹ࣬ȴЩ쵽׻ʲôܡûʣȻ˵ҪҾϲһ֪һ졣οţǲԶҪ׷ȥĽڡ

Ļ˹˾Һûͬһ·ļңһȼҵķ

ûи󣬸ûȥ׷ȣȵıӰʧӦȥ׶԰ѩҲһˡ

ûȥ׶԰Ҳûֱȥ2046죬Ʈϸ꣬ࡣ

ϤĳУ˿̾Щİÿ䶼ģǸܻӭˡʹ2046ѩҲû˶Ҳ䡣

ѩþûˣǲǹúãԸûһˣǸǰˡ

Ȼ˷磬Щм˿ˮ컬󱳣̲סѲԼסԼǴ˸

Ȼ򡶹ʶľӡһһȴȻ֣ҪԼļڡ

붬ˡ

в֪ĸĸ質ǵ硶ưĲ氮һ顷

ļ䣺Ѿ¶ҹǻ

ŸոȴҴҶӡǸʶ̫ˣ

˳Ҷڷ԰Ѳûн飬ȴЩ2046ȥ

ӦѰѩӻؼˡʲô⣬һҲӦ2046Ӧȡյĵλй֮޲

ԥ˺þãһ߽СĴţѩڵ绰ĻֻѩŽȥ

һû߽2046¥µĵݣһ㼱ĴС˽ǰ治Զһɲͣ

Ȼӳһˣվţһ˫۾˶ŵݣû𴦡

ֻһֱͦͦıӰҾϳ˭һˣ˭ôĿˣųֱײʱЩײҲû˿Ǹ⡣

ʱҿŴ򿪣߳ȴȡͷЩңס˰ûϵı顣

ȴﱧѩѩ˯ˣ۾װ׵ġ

ȺһϬ˭Ҳ˵һ仰һֻһ֣ȱѩݸȻ˴Ҵ˳Ҵҵȥ

ȥʱһ˵ĳȻֱײȻײȻûͣûаǸ⡣

һ̣ĺʹȺһ໹ʹѲֻһĥˣΪʲôҸմӳɶֲϴ᣿

ڹ˾˵ĹϣҪѩˣҪѩһжôһ˸ˮ

Ȼ޶áӵݳʱûңǵĳʱòͰײôܻ

ͷβҽľżһҲûֻԼ֪ҵѪ

ҺúޣתߣҲ̤2046벽ҵ뿪ʱ

ȴûж,վ˺þúþãڻ߽ݡҾˣҲ뿪ôϧ˺ңҺαػҪ⣿

һ뿴θγϣŭʡҲٸᡣ

ֻһĮȻĮȻƺһһһǶôɵˣҺͨٲͨķͷ͡

ǴѧģԽǶںԽǻᱶĥʲôҲˣҲöҵĥ԰Ȥ

߽2046ҽҵңҿһȻ޹ʡô࣬·Ҹû뿪

Ҽװһ˯ʱַյġѵҹûѩѵĸͲûһ˵ļţ

ŬԼȥܣ˵ҪĮοΣΡ

ڹ˾￴ȵģڲ񲿣ʱ̫ѨʱֳͷС˯

ʱһڽԷһʼûߣǱûȡ

żȻ̧̧ͷұ㷢һҹ֮䣬ñȻƻ㲣

Ҳ֪һҹ־һĶǸɲһڣ

Ҳ룬Ҳȥ룬ҲҪΪʹ

ֻŪףӣһΪʲôٳ2046ΪʲôȻǰôҡü￴ĶǺޣĪĺޡﲻѾõȲǰҲѶ̤Ŷ˵⣿

浱һĵʧˣȴȻòϰߡҲʱ̧ͷȥ⣬ȴûһ̫п֦ʱӶ̨ϵĻ䡣кĴ˫Ӳ͵ĶԹҵ۾һңҾ;﷢ë;úֱ͸ġ

üľĹŤͷ͸Щȥȣﰵϲá

ͬǶ˽һôˣѵ컻˸ˣҪʱ⵹صѰ˾֮ǰ

ֻȴû䣬һһСƾ仯ĮȻֹˮ

ֻǣ°ʱȴߵü磬졣

⣬ҼĵĵһΡ

һȥȴҹȥҲ֪ҿһһЩر𡣵ҲҪ˿⡣

̵νĽţν￴

ҵѩνĿĵĶѩЦ

ȴûڿ￴ѩҲûȣֻ˭˵

Ĳϰܷͣʢͣȴһûİһƿơ

ѵʲôرӣҪһף

رӣʲôϵҪףһ˲ͿˣαҪң

Īһ˱ڣ˵ľ

ĪǹҪҿǵĿ֣

ȻڲϷ˱ϲ

ֲһ˽ҪôˣֲôҲҿһЩرԭǾҪҹˣ 



63

ǱϲһΪҲμǵĻ׼ġ

ôҷҪȶҵĮӱĻʱҲŷҵľôһҲܲסԼ͵سǱϲץ

ҺòģҪ

ҼϲһȴָȺһ˽ϲ͸ȵģң

ʹգգۣΪԼû塣ֽ֣ĿӶô졣

գͻôʮĹ⾰

ٹʮ죬ҾҪ߽ã֪⼸ˣ֪˵ҪһϲʲôˡҲ֪ԼΪʲôҸʹˡ

Ͼ£ȴòĸף

ο˸ĸҲĸĸ

Ҳ֪һΪʲôȻһ̬ôˣ۹̲סȥȣβסԼϲá

֪ҲˣǾȴӴ˱κʱ򶼻ᰲȫȫˡ

ϲ䲢Ⱥһ˵ģȴûǰɣüʲôģѹҴ

ҵøӣȻԼȴоҸҳϣ¹ҪΪ˵Ļ𡣿ôҲ벻һ쾹Ѹ٣ô⧲

ȴӳ˹ѩȴûһˡ

˭Ҳû˵ѩҲٶߴߴҲ֪ѩ׽һˣҿʼЩ裬ҲоʲôرĹԡ

ڲǰ£ѩߡ

ת׼ȥҵҡ

Ⱥһ˾Ҫ黹Һҵ鶼أΪȳءҲȿҲ֪ôģҲ޷ں

ֻǻҵĮǰҵĮһĮ

ģֻĥҲŻе֣ʹĿ֡

ѰȴסңرᣬþúþòйᣬԵܵܵᡣ

תʱȴôҲֻǸ㡣

ƣ΢ЦŰһݸңһԼ

ĽӹƱ

ҺѹҲ뿴΢Ц

һ΢Цҵľ͵Ѫʱ΢ЦĮˣôЦô֪ҺĻ»Ц

ľƱңϲ㡭

ûҰѾƵͷԼǱһ

Ҳ֪˶ٱ˭Ҳû˵ȥһ춼֡

ѩԱֵ۾Եǡ

ѩףȥĮֻ֪һһĺȾƵңǶôʹࡣ

ѩףǿջЦ

ԼҲǺ̫ľƲſȻЦԹ

ڽɾ

ȻڻôںңΪҪһ絶ʵȣѵû˵һʧǧźޣ

οҵĸ˵Ǿ仰ȻԲԣȴǾһԡ

ʱԵȣϣ˭ҲҪĥ˭

Ƕ֪ϾûкҩֻװĮþƾԼ

ߵһˣ޷ٻͷǸھҪҸĶʱ䡣

ʱھƱгĬߡȻĮȻЦѩȻ桭

ֱҹƿеľѾ

ȥңѩĸ档

Ҳҵȥ

ǲиʣ˵Ĳ˭ҲȥɨȻ

Һſң׼ŵһ˲һͷ˿

ҿȣҲһعͷҲ֪ΪʲôǶʱͷǲҲϬ

ȾղôǿջЦȥôһӾˡի־졷

ҲѣҳңҲҪٿң޷αװĮҲ޷ǿջЦ

ҵöԵסҰ˱ĸ·

ҷţҪŹϣȴѩ̤̤

ҵѩûлͷ޷һֱ۾ҲܣЩ𰸼ʹ˵Ҳ

ѩȴûнվס

ʣΪʲôεˣȴչң嶼磿ΪʲôûȴҪģ

һ˵̤̤͡˻ȥ

һǱȴ֪ûлͷҲûҪһͷҵһθеô䣬ĸס

ЩľΪ͸ǸʲôҲĺӡû뵽ѿġֻ͸ģ

һûתûȥ׷ҲҪκν͡ҲãҶáұϾ޷ԶסӦóʧȥϣ

ţҲӿ˳

ѩղŵĻֱҲ֪һҪһ2046ΪѩʹֻΪѩҲҪҿѩһദöôҪҿһжôˮֻû뵽ѩͻȻʣԼڹ˾ϵĮ鼱ֻ֮һ

ҿľԼļ󣬾ûпҿģ

һ

ڶ죬ҰѶȵĮһɨ⡣ûǰ΢Ц

ףĮһֵ΢ЦҲ֡ĲںȣֺαҪĶôֺ֣αҪ

ֻ˺ƽƽԴȥİˣްҲ޺ޡ

ҲǲףȴҲõİ취

ȴ֪ڹ˾ôǰôҪñκʱ򶼿֣õ˾ϲҿҲһֱʹ࣬Ҳ𽥳ʧʱڲÿͬ´кû

ҸҸӼᶨԼûҵõİ취֮ǰҵüƽȥ

ҹ˲Ľ䣬Աߵһ¡ҹһ߰вһкȡ

ҲҵͷȴĮֻӦȻĲڹ˾ޣȴȫŪޱ塣

Ťͷȥգ˵úõ߾ƮƮİơ

ôһ˵ԼҲƮƮ·Լеһ䣬ֻǲһ˭

ȣ

ҵĿͬǶᣬΪΪҪôҸ

һֱΪȣ˾ְԱԴϲϾ˾ְԱ٣ΪλݵԵʣĴǶȱлĶࡣ

ˣͺҶɢȥȶ뿪ˣȴһŮӣȻŴ⣬Һϲ 



64

һŮͬˣҴɲض飬߹ȥ꺮ůҺټϳ˭ҾͲٶĮġ

绨

֬ۡ绨£뻨ʮ١

ҲһòƮ㣬ҲһİһˡһŹʮٵˡ˾һصڹ˾׽ˡ

ǽģҲ֪ʲôʱǽ͸Ҳ֪ϣǲǰ֣һһдһ

ȥϺ֮ǰҾĬĬףףܴȻճɾ

ˣȴ˹һĶģĪоδԸһ仨⣬һˮ飿

ҺҸ뵽ԼĲңɫȻ

ҲҲȥ˴˭ҶкøУϲҲ͸кøˡһֱȫǡ

绨ĽŲתͷңæֱ۾ЦЦ˼к㣿

һŶôһŶô۵滨һ֦ꡣĪˣΪģΪ˱ģ

ϺϦദôܵסĲࣿ绨ĸôڻûйޣ

һ̲סˣ绨ǲǶ㲻ã

绨ҡҡͷֵͷЩҸЩʹࡣҸʹ࣬֡

Щֲ֪ǲǻü׷ȥȴԼˡ͵͵ģЩϲǡ

ϺһֱסݣһֱסҸڡر۰ȫڹ˾ƽı顣ҲҺ֣ܶȴһֱұһ롣ʱ޷Ůȴҵİʾʼղպҿ֪ǹģûôˣǰҵչˣ֪ҪĲҪǡ

˶٣ЩŵܾϺǸЩر𣬵˵رˡϺӣҹҹϸ衣ȴҡͼҲһʣϵıͲٶУڹ˾ĵоҵĴڡ

ֻòʣֻðΪģֻع˾˭֪ص˾ֱǰһˣǰ֪ˣ粻ϺΪǵӣЩٿԿУȻǸõУҲ֪ˡ

˵Ҳ˵ȥʹҧ촽žӨ͸

û˵˵ʲôֻġôȴҲ֪ص˾ʲôĸı䣬ֱڻûֻ֪ѻ

οҲϺǸϴμ龰Ҳ绨˵ˣȴûȫԡûͼһ˾ľôܺ׽ͼֻǶ

ҲҪ绨˼ļ磬˵̫ࡣҲĿԣҲֻ

ҵĻҲ֪ҲԸԼƭԼͷ뿪˿յĵĲ

ǾϢȥҵ񲿣ҿϢȦôһһƮ⣬һһķ紵ûӰ

ˣȻȴ˷˼ֹâϲõĹâȻǹâԣױҿˡ

ҲܿģֻҺ绨

һֱϲĵȴϲһìܣû͸쳾ôϣһܿǣңһƮɡʵԼϣϡ

ڣϣˣȴЩԹޡʵӦϵǣԹ绨Ůӡ

ǵô˴뿪˾֮ǰǱ˴˶ԶԷ˵ƵĻûôԹ绨

һһˣǼϲҲһϲơ֪ȣøһһ

ףϺ绨ôŬΪʲôȴܵסˮ飬ΪʲôҲֻãΪʲôһع˾ǷָոսҲûˡ

Ҷ绨ͬ飬Һ޵úǰȥס죬ǷԵõ飬ȻĿ

ҪҲȫ绨ԼѰѣҲҵһȥ

ȴ˸ǰ棬

ۣ绨ܵۡҧгݣһ˫۾ͱˣŭĵıӰҸеʲôҪɽһΪ绨

绨ȴ˹ȥһסֹۣһС

ҿת绨ϧ̾Ϣ·һƬƮڵأ̾Ϣû

һжڳĬڳĬʧ

ۺ绨뿪ϢңǺҲһ˲ҺȻֵ룬Ǹ˸öãһ绨ˡ

ôһ룬Ҿ绨ҵ˰飬ǲȥıӰٲȻһ£

ʵαҪǸˣŮ˸áֻŮ˲ŮˣŲΪŮˡ

ֱʱתȻôȻһ˲Ҳϡмܵһ·ûз

Ըղŷһк֪·һвǸΣ˵ΣԼ⡣

޻˵ʵϴӵһʶǾͺ˵

οѵϰʱ䣬ҸӦøȥҵ񲿡

ΪҼȻҪɷҾӦþһɷΣӦòڹ˾ҵŬһԱҪԱı˧

ڵǰЩйصҵϡȵıӰҲûȥȻܺѵʱƽ

˧ùȻСһұŰˡҵ񲿴ûôû̵Щύҵ绰ûκ졣ҺԼҲ𣬷·ϰʱˣ·ǰͬϰʱ˽ﶼҵʧְˡ

ҵֻȴһһ飬İ

绰ҵ޹أƼġ

һֱûӣΪҲϰʱκһ˽˵绰ҰֻصΪ񶯡

ȴĥڵģþûƼˣڻȻҴ绰ǲʲôѣ

һѶϾùϵѣҲ˭

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ûиظѲٵġֻﰵ룬ȻֻȥסһҹʲôҲûȴݲ˸飬ס

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˰࣬ұֱݣþûйĺ顣ƼҲʹĹ˵ĸоġ

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ƼҶ棬΢Цң˰죬ſʼ˵һ˵ߴߴͣʳʶ̣ǲǱǰƯˡ

ұЦˣȫȻûǶӵĺ͹¶ôܲЦأ

ƼӦƼ

ЦʣƼ㻹סұݣ⵱ˣ

Ƽȴҡҡͷ뿪ҾͲסˡԼ棬ֻǺûǸҹ

˵ͷЩ˼̧ܿͷĿתĿңƺϿʲô

ҲҶĸ飬볶⡣ŷţþûŷˡֻƼĺʱҲźŷŵϢ

һûüڣҾͰʵġŷǲǻ㡱ˡ

ǿӭһˡǸҼھ˾˼Ҽѹ˱õ·

ƺңҴҵۻҪǰӿ

͵վıӰ׷ȥΪ˹˼Լ棬ĵĴҶ⣻ĵþ˾˾ңʱϵ޼ҿɹ飡

ҿ˹Ǳߵĵ䣬ǸϤķ䣬ǸҸжʹ޵ķ䣡

мĽŲûлͷû⣬һƼ

ֻǸ䣬ֻǸǲǻŸŮӣ̣Ůӣ



65

ҼĸϵǷ䣬ûһ߹ȥȽյȴѱһ߿

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ֹΪʲôԭ,ûֹ

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ǸŮһĥùǺһӣﻹ˲šҪǺȡϢǸı¡

ʵҲӦȥҲӦһ֮ҶǸ˺֮ǡֻҺȻǸ˺ð࣬ȭͷ۽ӴĸطŪҵ֡

ҴûкøйվſڣһɩڷһС·һӰаҪĽǣѪڵĿ͡

һжôͻȻôϣ

ûкݺݵĸǸȭͷһѽƿ͵ؾµŮӣȻ⡣

Ķ⣡

ǸŮϵĶ⣡

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**ϰڱ棬ļʲôҪ˳**ȫ¶˳ӻ°Ϊס˽ܡ˭ҲóҲ类Ǹ˲һ˿ҡ

ǸǶôɺ޵ɫǣŮȴĴݲУ

⣬ǸɫǵĴݲлҪˣѩϼ˪ĸоܡ

һŪˣҪŮƫ¹һŮӡûиܺ˿ο

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Ҳ̲סҳȥһѽǸŮڻҷŭĵǰˣһһǸɫǡŭǼ

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ֵʣô֪ҽ飿

ƺûϵһʣ۹˸£еңܿͲرҵĿ⣬ûÿֻ֣󵨵İһֻҲʣ˵أ

˵Ľ˵ᣬҪǱˣͷˡ

һˡ˭֪ҽӣֺȥĦ꣬ʱҺĻϸ˵ֲղŻ۹˸Ͼڴϲôʣ׻Щ˼

ȴҪ׽ŪȻó±˵ôҹЦЦʣɣ

ȴûҵĻ۹ٴ˸Ҳûи˼شֻǰ˫յҸ˵߰ɣȥ»ϡҰѡ

Ȼ֫һŤݷ˵ֱǱߵ̳

ֱҽ̳վЩۻҵ·ǰ棬ŷ֡·ҾϲɣִңҾͲð·£ҾͲµĻϡ

˵ʵ·ճƼѪҽ컹治ѵġ·ϴϳ̸鹫˾ҵʱްġⱲϲҲһסȥμҺĻٺʲˡ

ĦŮֲ֧İѡ·ȴް·龰ǸƼøҵĳ޵ǮǮ޵ƬҺͳ˫˫ȥƬʱһ֡һжôΪ飬ôܰ

ڣҽҵˣȴϢ֪ǲѺ˫˫ɣ

ֻǿƼһ˹ҽԺĲϣʹĥ

Ҳʱų޺Ƽô̶̵ļĦŮѴЩȡ·ҼһסҲΪȻ봩Ͼ˿ҲȳѷɫҲòĹ۹

ҲŮ˵۹ⶼˣͱǿʵҵҲһģֻʱǹ¶ĸҾƶô۹⣬ҲҴһ·ҳЩ·ܱҵӳЩҵڶ겻ٴҴźˣ·ȴƾɡҲٳˣ·ļ۸ȴֱʳļ۸ǵÿ죬Ϊ,,Ϲâ·ˡ

ҪҲֻ֪ҪҲǮҲһоͲһˡ

ҽסһ̾Ϣ

ĦŮһ߰ϵ£һЦôˣ黹𣿡

ǰҽôԲءֻҸˣŻ

ҶžЦЦЦһݺ顣ҿ˫۾,ȴôҲΪҹΪҵ裬ֻΪģ

ұΪĦŮֻǰ·û뵽̳߳ҴȥҺлǼҾƵʱҲ

˵ģܾģϾμǻȻԺ󣬿ɵ׶ЩˣȥЩˡɿôģôΣûҲӭֲܾ̾ҲȥҲҲ˼

˼Щ̷Υ

ֻһϳ۾£޹ǣ֧ŲԼƵģҵϡŪ˾ΪҺʲôϵһ۾ڷ⾵ƳҵĵأһааĹЦ

Һܲζҡ˼ӣȴܲɿҽġ

˾Ƶſڣƿ˵ˡ

̬ǳȻ۾ôô죿

Ҳ˳ֱƵꡣ

Ͼڲͬǰҵҵľ롣



һ߽Ƶ꣬ɧȺ㻶һǵȵ̫ˡҿ˼ᡣ

󣬺Ȼվĸĸ磬;ӣ

벻ģҲ֪ǴĵϢ

ֻҪŭҾ֪֮ǰ﷢ʲôҾ֪ΪʲôһҾ͹

ĸףⴳĲ֮ͣһҵѿһֹⳡһԵĶֱҲͷȻȴٳٲϵⲻļ˸ӷԣвμӻĿҲ顣

Ǽĵҡ

ڿˣûʧϲ

Ҳȥ

û֪ǴʱᣬҸ͸ж

ɾʱҪӵһʱİĦŮȴһסҵ֣Լĺҿһô飬ôǣ

·ǲһԣ

·ҪеıҺĻ

ֵȺһӾҺͰĦŮעĿĽ㡣

ڴϲеûüܾͺȻת󱯣׵ķԱظһױ·ʶˣôĺԶϵı鼸ûб飬ǰϲᣬҲ

ĸ׵Һѳŭ޿̡

ֵֻǣûаޡ

ߣߣ

˼ûκõء

ȴɴģ·ʲôҲû

Ҳ֣˵߰ɣΪһֵá

ȥڶƽʵǶҵļӺͱ

Ǵģ·ʲôҲû

ǸӣҺܺúޡҲĦŮʲô·ҸҺݺݵ֣ҳȥһѽڻ˵ǵģһж㿴

ȻҵŰĦŮˡΪʲôҪ˺£

ĦŮûлشңԵô޹·Ǳĳ

һһֻֻšһƾӵţϵıȴʲôҲ֪֪˭֪Һڷʲô

Ұĸ䣬ϧ

Ҳ˫Ϊϵᣬǰϲᡣỹûɣȴƺˡ

ʹʣôˣҰɣ㲻Ҫҡ

ҵҲ˳ϡ

Ȼƿңֻ˾䣺ǳޣ㲻˵һ仰˾ӵ֡

һˣ߳˾Ƶ꣬Ƶһ

Ҳ֪ôΪĦŮǳޣҲ֪ôΪ޻ĦŮҡѵҵϳʱͬǶ˳鹫˾ҵ˽ЩҵҲҶҺͳ޵Ĺϵ˻ɣ

治øĸŮμǵĻ

ȴҽͣҰԼ档

ҲͲ

ҿվȺе

߹ȥ

ĸĸ磬ӣϵ

ǲȴ˭Ҳû˭˵

ǸĦŮʲô֣Һģ

Ҽƽ˭ó

˵Ҳ֪֣ûйκ¡

ҺȻ̲סЦˣҵЦôʹࡣҴ֪ʹ࣬ԭҲЦ

ҸͲţ᲻֪֣ҸûôͻȻĳҵĻһ졣

űԼŮᣬֱԼõѱѣ

ԭΪͣû뵽ȴֻ˼ԼôʣұͿ,֪ͬһŮŹϵȴƫҪǸĦŮҰߣȻˣǽҴ

ǣȴҲҲǸĦŮ

ôͻȻȥþҲôϢ

ֻ޵裬֪Ϊʲôɺɺ١

ҵĵ绰ģȴûҡһ㱡

Ǹһϳ,׵ıӰ 



71

ĸ׾֪޵ĸ֪ܲкܶ˫ע۾

ûлͷһϳŭĹ˳š

ˣĸ硣ҲġҲ֪ĸҪѳǻسɶȥס

ҲﶼǣҲļѽ˾ӣҪǴ;Ϣĵط

Զȥˣʧˣ޵ĸ׻ųʧķ˶һͷ

ﻹ૵ĵôܣôܣ

룬һǿˣҵҶȥˡڽܣϾ̫ϣϾûղŷһС

ӭȥ̡

ŶתЦ³µ̫ˣ뿴ˣû뵽絽Ҫٵ

һ˶ЩǸ⡣֪ΨһѣѰˣѸмˡ

ٵܱȲá

޾û

ûó޵ĸ߽Ƶ߽꣬ǸҺлĵطˮǧɽΪ˲μҺĻ񡣿ûǳѱʹɢȥʲô塣

ȴֵʣô㲻ԭ̣̳ٵͲ̼ӣ

ұ֣Ȼˡ

ʵȣһֱΪԶȥǿһСҲ֪ԭʲôҲûȻỹΪھƵ

ǰΪʲôıأΪʲô૵ĵôܣôܣأ

ҲֻͣЩʣЩ׵ĺͲ׵Ķ˵

ҾίôʹҶ赭дõѣҲʧǰԽʹ࣬ҾԽҪ΢Ц

ʵǰǰҾϧûܶøá

꣬ε̾ϢʣѰõŵ£

ҵͷôνҴûãǸˡ

ҺܿͰŵˣǰΪ޹ҵڻδɡ

һҾͿ⵭̫ʹࡣ

ڸеˣҲ˵Բ𣬸͡ҪͶȥ

Ҳûеų޵ĸף뿪ĽŲߵøˡ

ûнסңû׷֪ȱ⣬ȱ

Զ˾Ƶ꣬ԶЩǰףصͬ¡ҾҸô޵ĸ׵񣬱ȥȥڹȥȥʿĹ׹ݡ

Ͼ࣬첻ףҲһ

οԼҲȥߡ

ҲȥҪϳ䡣˵ֻ뿪ˣҲܺúþҪúþ

ȥվһ·Һʣֱ˳뿪Ҳûһйس޵֡

Ҳûᡣ

ҲáϾҺĻûнɣϾȥҺͳйôһ㡣ҲܣŪó޵ĸΪһԳ뷨ԼܣŪҺͳź˿

ҴҵִҴҵȥõҲΨһѣȴˮҲûһڡ

˵ĳһҰʧұȻãԼ徹ȿջա

뿪վȺУҲ֪Ҹȥ

ļңǽ췢⣬ǾҪﶴˡڣѸż뿪ȥݿաͼĬơǰߣȥ˼įǺߣȥἤȻ**

2046ҹҲźȷ£治֪ҸԣٴʱΡһҸǷΣȻ첻᲻μҵĻ

һҲûˣٲһϵһ

޴ȥұܿȺһɽ洦ɼɽ

ɽ·ۣû˵ټϲɽ޵ĸˣʱȷҪ˭ҲҪ˭㣬ҪǺúþ

ɽҷһɽʯɾ䡣

ȥȥȴоˡ

Ҿţʱ΢ķһߡ

ǰģڵģĵģĵģԺһһӿһһȥ

ȴûЦҲûᡣ

ھƵ갴ĦŮҺӡ

ֱֵ˭ĵĿ

֪ʲôطδУȻҾ

ҺȻе䣬վҶ಻ϲȺһǵɽ

ȴĺɫãʱ·

һһɽ߽ƻͨĳУȴȻû˿еٺ䡣

ȴ˽ȥķƼҲʱֻҪҵĹػ

ʵҸҪů

ƼĲûйأ¹Ӵ˽

˽ȥ⵽ĲǰҲ볳ƺǸоҵĵ΢΢Ķ˶

ʣƼ⻤ʿôôģҲŹϡ䡣

Ƽû۾ôʣȴ۾˿ֵʣʲôʿģԼոճȥûϵ𣿡

Һܲ죬ƼôˣʲôҸոճȥǽ뿪ġڼǲ˰ɣҵĵͷȴûзյ

ƼЦˣҵıֺܻ磬ͱװˡҶ֪ˡȻһҶ˯Ų۾һ֪ǰ߽㡣ΪʰڵϵıӣİҸϣȻһֱĬĬߡʵôȴˣʵ̫ƣûʡ˵ĺϲңңҾͺҸû˹¶ֱĿڿʵ޷֣Ҳ૵ĵˮˮҵתȥҵˮΪߵ̫˹š磬˵û˵ɣ

ұǰ죬ԭΪƼǲ壬˸Ρ˵þôôĪ֮ǰ˽ķ䣿

ѵһˣֲýûҵĻֳǵģӦƼߡϾãϾǷ̫ࡣ

ƼϻҲҪΣءҲء

ʱȷĽŲԶյſڱȻֹ

ҽסתȥҿһӰҴҶӡһӴ䣬һԵֽû飬ˮȴһء

ҿ϶һˣһ˸ӣҪ˵ӵôæ



72

׷˳ȥҿǸӰ˵ĻҡеȳôҲܲ졣

ҼˣҽԺ⿴ǸҴϳ뿪꣬ǸĬĬΪƼ׳֮Ѫˣ

һҪ׷ЩҲϣȴñ

ΪƼѪҲΪƼʲôǷ˭

оͻȻڵأＫζҵƼû뷴

ҼæȥҪȴŲҷҪҴҵȥʼҲҿ

һǿҾǾϲᣬôҲ벻ŷţǸƼ䷴ȴֶƼŷţ

ôˣǰôƼһƼǰˣȴôҪӣ

ŻŵĶ˵ˣ߰ɣҪƼҡԴ¥һҾûƼңҲҪӣ

ˣŷһ¥ƼʱȳȵġֲôԺҾûֻһȺмһǵıӰΪֱԼ񶨡ʱ֪ȱ

ÿŷţ˵߰ɡ

ҲƼҲ֪Ƽ˻ôʹͻںޡŷŶôãûŷţûڵƼ뿪¥ʱôģĵİΣڲˣ

Ҹŷŵ˼ҵĸףĸӣһǻ˺ŷͬʹ顣

ԽǰһˣԽԼĿеԶá

ŮΪݣˣֺγˣ

ŷˣ֪ߵ̫ԶһƼΧһػһĵػ

ҲصƼߡû˸һˮǰʹΪŷңʹΪǼȥˮ˹زŵġߣҲ˵ʵڿʵ̲סˣ૵ĽСˮˮġ

ƼҪŷˮ

æȥķ

ӹˮĺȡյ˿һۣˮҲ̫

ʣʲôˣôҴҵȥ׷˭

˵ûʲôǸˡҲ׷ģȴӲ˵Ǳܵġòᡣ

ƼȴЦˣˮ˳һЦϵϵ˱ӾʹסԼЦϻЩʹɫ

֪Ǹ˭֪Ǹ˭ǸΪЩʲôһЦ

ҲЩᡣ

ˮѿձӵݸңʣɩӽҵ𣿲ƽ⣬㣬Ҹһ

ﲻĸоЩʹ

Ŭʹϡ

Ȼʲôʣҵ¸ҸɣҪΪұܡҲҸ֪ҵϢҪΪˣһ

Ƽ÷Ŀ˷ĿԹ޵Ҿ˾˲ͼƽһʮҲʱҲ˾һ档

ҲƼģ˵İɣģΪԼҲ֪

ƼһӾ̧ͷңð˵ԭǱҵġ㡭

Ҳ˵仰ЩỨӽĿһôмôҸϻЩΡ

֪ƼˣףҲΪҶĹűĸ顣

ǰûУûУҲԶСһֱֻá

Ҳܰѻ˵ôֱӡķϵӣķ£ƽƽڴϣ˵ƼӦúúţкô

ȻվǸֽŵԱߵСϡ

ұұԸҺ֮ıʸ

ҲҪʹࡣҿԺʹȴֻԸԼܡ

ֻҪף￴Ϊֻǽʵûбĵطʺȥ

ƼʧΪҺԼʧȴʧԼǸ˵ˣʵһң˵˺ܶ໰οҡ

û˵ĺδ޷ݣαصһֻ֦һ⣬һңҺһܳɾ

ƼĻıҹˣһҹ˵ſĵĻֱƣ룬ʵ˯ȥ

ĲĴ˯ȥġ

ƺû˯ţͷˡ

뿪ҽԺʱƼ˯㡣

ҲûȥҲûԣҾȥ˹˾ȷʵȻȡȻ¼ǣҲ֪ʲô취ȥκʹƽ֡

ǼһҲáǰôĺ뿴Ƽ£뿴ĸı䡣

ǣȴûеκһһҲû

Ҵϰûϰ߹ѵһֱҶΪǲţ

ͬǶرκһ춼ֻҪҵĿ⣬ǶЦЦѺöȴͬͿο

˭Ҳû˵ҲǶΪ˵˵á˵һǧ仰һĻ

ֻ˵ˣ͵ʱ

ʱԼԱߺͶյλ߳Է߶ġ

þʱԱߣȾǱߵĽ

ѷ˶ûλãȴҵĶ棬סǱ߽ߡ

ȥЩʹ࣬ûк֪ûҸͣҲԼûЧһȻҽ첻ῴ

ʣѰǰϵ׳ʲô£ΪʲôһҹȵÿҵųҪҽѩҵ˵ʲôʧȥãҲҪʧȥŮҺѩ˯㣬ƭҩȻ治ֳ֪ʲô顣ѩʲôѩҲᱻŻȥ֪ѩ಻õġ

ֲ2046ûѩԭȾѩи

ֻɺһɥĲļһûΪԼ¸ۣ˼ˣȴץסţҪ˼Ҽӱǣ޹

ѩǸȫ֪µĺӣȺɳĴˣƼҵֵΣյײǴشҲҪѩΪȸĴۡ

ȻȴһҲʲôΪʲôһԼȥ 



73

ԭеʹ࣬˰ĦŮ¶ΣҺͳ뿪Ƶʱ˵ҲǶԲһ˺ȳʲô¡

ȻĵĲһˣҲҲѩĵȣһѿ

˵ʹԭбģǾֻ밴ĦŮҵĻϣȴûϵĦŮƻҵĻҺĻһ⵽ƻ˳Ķֱֻȵ׷ֹв

ڵҵĻشȻȴֻ˴ڴڵĳԷҴûôͰô෹ǰԷҺвˣҪ̫Ĳࡣ

վҿķһҲû

˵ԲҺƣ롣

Ȼûͣ뿪˲

֪ұ㶣ֻǰһ˺֮⣬ǰҲ⡣һֱǹ˾صˣû뵽Ҳ

ֻԼ֪ƣˡû˯þַô˵顣

һ뿪ҵ񲿣ͷڰ칫ϣ۾

̫ҪϢͷʱúõ˯һᡣ

ܿģҾκңϵıͳ

ļң޵۾ףĶԹңΪʲôҪңȻŲ³ޣͲôӦҳɻ飬ȴӦҳɻˣ͸ðңԼˣ

Ĵңôôġ

ͣȴôҲͲ뵽Ҳ·𿴵ƺҲӦˡٻͷʱҿѲȡ

ҲļҲ2046ݡǸҴȥĵطȰԼӰŵı󣬶Ц

һӾЦֵԢ⣬Ļϲ˹ȥ

ȻҵˣȴңֻЦ֡

Ҳ⣬һͷһԭվһˣһˡ

ԭȵľֵİʾҲΪ

ʹܣҴҴҶӣӵƼߡ

ϲ뿪ĲɵȴǲƬôಣλεۣ򲡴ϵƼȥڽŵ±øӷǡ

Ƽڲϣңһһ澵ˤڵϡҲ֪ôˤҲˤľӡ

ʣƼôˣΪʲôҪžӷ

ȴشңҲһͷ

ȥҲŷʪ䡣

ת

һҾܾŮһһ

ªˣϵ˿ھ·ֻŤŤȥ򼣡

һУұ

ۣҿ绨ڵϣһҵϡһҸղܾʱȥġ

ЦЦЦú˵Ѱˡ

ҵͷϼãİҷڰ칫ϣȻƮȻȥصλϡ

Ҿûж˵мĻ

ǹ˲ЩˣֻиղŵΣֻƼ

֪μЩûɵġ˼ҹΡ

ҼĴ򿪵ԣһйذ̺۵֪ʶô϶֤ƼݣĻһˡ

ݣȴҪܴһʷá

ûôǮƼһСŮòôǮ

ŷţȻҶ϶Ƽ̫ԶһʱҲҲҵҲδؾõ취벻취ż

ΪƼ̫ˡ

Ȼܸһ˵Ƽ˵ôҲĳȥҽԺҪ˵ǮˡοͲһ֪š

һҶ磬Թ޵ȥ룬ﻹ˵ȡ

˰࣬ҾʹҴҵȥҽԺ

ҽԺҶƼرãΪѾı˳֪ҵ΢Ц棬Ǳʹ༸ʹࡣ

֪Ҳʱ۰ĿŵģϽµ˰̡

ڱȹ˺óһʱ⣬ֱҹһȥ

˵Ҫǰһ߰ҹ

˵ҿȥ˺ܶ࣬˺ö϶ЩеĲɣ

˵ʹʱܺ˫˫ܣҲԻص2046ǰ

΢ЦŵͷҲû

Ҳ˵Ҫ2046ڻʱ

ЩҲסԥŰҺıʸұˡȻֱҲû˵ǰҺ֮䷢ʲôȴΪݡ

ƼִҪװƣı۾ٺ˵

֪ҲŲ˵úõߵĴϢ

ȥ˯ôƽ֪ͲƽҵһһϢܸо

Ҳֻƽܾ˯þʵҲĺƣ룬˵ҪľǺúþҵţξȥ

Ƽ˿ڵĽҾǸµΡȻβҪ˲ϡϵˣ°̺ۣȴǲҪˣʹ˱Ͼ·棬˿ȴ۵ı¶ϡ

һǵϳ԰ʱ龰ôô棬ҪҰҵĻʱǶôţ

ʵһֱͶԼĳģȻڡ

Ȼ֪˻ĺΣ֪ʱȴһжˡ

ŷԼȳȣȴҼ

ֻΪԼª飿

ǣҺȻ˷ҿϣЩƣ룬Щɣת˲һɨ⡣

˳ޣһĻһƼϳĳҾ˳ޣ

ޣһ㹻ƼֻҪһƼ

ѰԷĲٴųޣޣһǲͨĵ绰

Ӧ˯ʱͨĵ绰

֪ӦãԼ֮˯ʱ

ΪƼѹ˲ôࡣ

绰һͨұޣңѰ

Ҵûѻ˵ᶯ޼ʹٷҵҲһŭοҵԹ򰮶

һ绰пܴĵľϲ

ǣôҲ벻˽ҹ룬ͨǳ޵ĵ绰ȴǸ˵ǵ⣡



74



ô˵ﾹԸԳͳ޽ˡô˵ҵʱ˵ĵ绰ҹˡ

һӾ;ȵԭҪԳ˵ĻҲ˵ڣҵòҲԡòײ״εЩǷ񵽼ңһ·ƽĻҴҰѵ绰Ҷϣû뵽һҵÿ졣

ʲôҲûʾ֮ǰѵ绰Ҷˣһܲ졣κ˶ܵȥҹģһôŴ绰һ÷ܲ뵽ȥҵΪʺ޵ǵʺ޵裬ΪʲôֱӰѵ绰裬ѵ绰

ҵһӻ˼㣬֪ҵ绰һͳ޵ķ鷳ҺȻͱʲô۾ȴ

ΪողȼϣȻ⵽

Ҵ޵ĵ绰ӲӵˣҲǰˣʹƼҲΪܰ

ҺȻƼϵ˾򼣬䶯ûҪڵҶǵĲ޿κΡ

ұ۾ƼԸͷߵĴϱ۾ұҪԳ˵Ļû˵Ƽ֪Ǹ绰Ϊʲôôæֽôæ

ΪԾúϢˡ֪ҵľȻҪҪˣ

һҶû̧ͷҲ뿴ʵ¿һҾͻῴֻڶҵצ

ڶҾ뿪ҽԺȴһȻһеκһ

ӣӵԽԶԽáǣӵԶ˹˾ӵȥӵĺǣǸεĥ

ҼȴԸûôǿˣˡ

Ⱥһû

߰ͷİ칫ҡ

˶΢Ц΢Ц΢Ц΢ͬǣΪ˾΢ЦЩηͰͽĳɷ֡

ûЩ΢ЦûϰԵޣȴ˼ãȻİ칫ţʲôطҲ

ҲͲҡ

֪еҵĴڡ

Ȼһ칫ңͰѰ칫ŴҴҵĹϡ

ŵ΢ڱҲʲôͬȴһص̾Ϣ̾Ϣ̫ŭԹޡ

һҶȥţͻȻ򿪣ͨˣ̽ͷȻһЦ̾ͱǰӡ

ˮŶҲ

ֲȥÿš֪ûΪҴ򿪣˵һᣬóȻȥЩǿֻʵ䷴

οҪֻʺϵˡ

Ϻܶ¶Լйأ˿ԽԼȴ޿κΡ

޿κеȴҲٰϣеϣҵȴ߳ûȻһЦһҽ͵ĻҲá²һᣬһԹ֮ҲҲŲҺܵöࡣ

ֱ°ֱ࣬ͬǶһ뿪

վڳĹϣܺþ

Ŵ򿪵һ⻮ƺڰ

ʵһ㶼ãȴޱȵ˷ܡ

ߣҲ

ȴʼûңҲû˵

ҵȵڣҲûұʾ˿ر𡣲Ҫ˵Ҵ򶯵ĴмһıҲûС

ȫҲڡ

֪оҵĴڣ򿪰칫ŵʱ͸оҵĴڡ

ܡ

Ľ

ûаͣ

˵һؼң𣿡

ʵ˵ǹǸĦŮǵĻ£ҲܡԶԶʱһԽԽԶ

ʵϣûԽԽԶˡĽŲ죬ȴǰߵô

ʱЩˣĬĬ֪ʱĲشȴô¡

ֻʹĿԶȥ

ȴȻͣסˣûתͷ

ԶԶĵüûˣ׳ʲô£

䣬ʵҲԼ¡ȻȴЩϲãϾϺ˵ˡ

֪ȳʲô£֪Ϊʲô˾¼ң¼һˡϾ2046£һŮˣǿҪӹŮˣ̫ʡ

ǣȴ˵Ƽݣֺγǣ

ǶŮӣһˣôԶŮ˵¡

ο֪ʵ᲻ҵģЩΪ֤ԼסôԷ

ֻö˵Ҳ֪⼸Ҷû2046

һֱȵڣΪȡԭ£ȴòƭ

ûӦƼܣᵽƼҲͲˡ

ԵڲҲڲȴѻ˵úᣬ˵úں

ԭ͸뵽һ𣬵ȴͿˡȵҲ㣬Ҳǰʣġ

˵ġǸĦŮΪ⼸û2046ǺǸĦŮһ

Ҳ˲ôˣ˲ǲǻͲľˡҼĶûкһ𣡴ûһҲǳޣֻǸĦŮҲ֪֣Ҹ֪ΪʲôƻǵĻ񡭡

ҲԼҵڿ

ȻȴЦˣЦúòȻĦŮĦŮ

ţЦţԶˣʧˡ

ĴˣĲý͡ԸǸŮǳޣҲԸǸŮ˾Ǹ¼İĦŮָ߹󣬰ҲӦðܸһͬ߹ˡ

ˣһվ˺ܾáûлصƼߣߺôʹ࣬ص2046

ȣҲӦùȡӴҪҲֻаˣմ

Ҳһܴȡ

ȵİҺĺϺָտɴ

һȴѣȵôҺ֮Ρ

ΪĳŵΪ˶ԵҲòԼ¸ҡ

ӲͷƤص2046ȴûȣҲûѩ

ҲѩҴͨĵ绰ȰѩӻѩҺټҲͲôΪˡ

ȴڵ绰Ǳ˵ѩͲˡ

ܼ̣һ仰һڣͰѵ绰Ҷˡ

ҲΪڲҵҲǰҵһҪͨѩȵˡ

һҪͨѩȣ

ҽʱûӣʱһҾŵһ˱ƭŷ˰ҩѩȫˣҩ֮أ

ڵ绰ֻ˵ѩȴû˵ǲǱȽߡٹ˲ʲôΪ飬Ҳȵĵ绰

ɵ绰ȴѹػ

ֲҪȵ׳ʲôˣһȵĵ绰ȵĵ绰Ҳһ͹ػˡ

ѵ⼸ûϰ࣬¼Һһˣѩˣ 



75

ҵһӦȥǼҽԺǼҽԺиرõҽÿѩסǼҽԺǸҽѩĻһεҽ

Ҳ֪ѩǲǼҽԺϣֻҪ￴ڲϻԲѣҲĵöࡣ٣λҽҿϣ٣Ҷһ˵ֿ²²֮С

ҴҴҵĳ˵¥Ҿע⵽Ƽµĵطѱϴɾûκһµĺۼ

ĶǣѪأڣʲôûˡ

ƼľȥˣҲ֪绹ʲôۼ֤

˵˴˾ʱɨ

ȻƼڻҽԺȻϵ˰̿Ӵ˲Ƭ񣬵ǱһƬªߣš

ŶãžͿ죬죬ϣ

ѩƼôĻǼҽԺ

һǵȥǼҽԺ·ǲƼ˵ǼҽԺʹƼ˵ǼҽԺҲһҴҵĸϹȥҲٲ˼ɼƼʱʹ࣬˼ɼʱΡ

ϾѩףĿƼĿʹͬ顣

ҴҴҵ߳СҿҲûʹҴҵһϣ˾ȥǼҽԺѩǲ˵ǲ⼸ҶҪȥ

ǳһͣʻһ򿪣Ǹ˾һ̽ͷҾסˡ

ܿŭɽߣ

סĲһ⳵˾Ҳİˣһˣ

ȴǰһˣϾҲ˺˱вɣĺƣ˰ˡû뵽żʱ䣬һһ߸ϵˣԱı

ƼҲıҺһ˲ͬҴº˳ƸСΪԹΪ˰

ͬȫΪ˳ޡеˣĺͲˣޡ

ΪޣҷԼãΪޣԼò֪ʡȴǣŭȣΪǣŭѩ

һһĹĸеļ尾ıһˡ

һƺЩˡ

ҲһҲ

ֻгޣֻԩ·խĸо

ҵĳ޺ĳ޲ͬҵĳȫƳģĳû˱ƣʹ˱ƣҲԼ

һ˳ޣʲôˡοǰһˣǰͷ߸ߵİһˡ

ǰһˣһֻβ͵ɥҵĹ

³Ѹ˵Ҫʹˮһ˵ˮѲԶˡ

ҳȥһץס죬Ӽʻ˳

벻ûһ㷴

ƾ߬죬վߣͷҡƺЩɪɪ

ҶӺѩ£Ųɡ̧ͷҪǰˣ

ǰ˹һֱʢˡ

ȭͷҺݺݵĴϡ

ҵһδˣǸɣˣҾ˿Ҳɡһ̲Ҫ˵£ͬҲûˡ

һȭΪƼģ

ҳŭ

һʹûȥʹҲûбҼŭû̧ͷֻ˵ɣɣˣҾҲǷ˭ˡ

ܵͣʹܰһֻ˵

ԭǹĥԼΪͿԻе

ǰȭͷܻģ

˼򵥣ԽҿѪ飡ֲҽԺ뿪ֻ֪𡣾ҲҽԺƼΪƼ޾ˣҲƼĺҲʡ

ҧгݣЦһ

Ȼȭͷ

һȭΪˡ

һû˵ѩҾ˺ݺݵĺˣһжˣ㻹ĥʲôӣ

ҷȵ

ҷڶҺݺݵĺ

һ߬һ˵죬ɿҵȭͷһǰҪݵȭͷȴûһˣͣ˿Уڿ̡

ȵŤͷκΡ

ҿһ˵ĳѴ򿪣Ⱦ档

ҺȻú䣬ǰڷŭѪѿ챻ᡣ

ڳȣҵķŭҲģ

Ҳ֪ôԺҼʱˡҲ֪һײ£ôԣ̹Ȼһ˵ĳϡ

ҿѩߵλ˳ȻҺһˡ

ҺȻȵ䣬˶һ˵ĺޣ˵ľϲ

ȻѩȥЩϾû£

鲻Խɿһ˵죬ջҵȭͷҰҵ˫չĻϲĵȴѩҵĻ

ҵɿƺһЩ䲻⣬һĵڵء

ѩȴûң߹ȥһһ˫С֡

һ

۾ң˫۾ô䣬ȵһ䡣ƺŲԹޡ

Ѳֻһοˡ

֪ѩģǴȣȴһˣ

ԭһ˸ûӺѩ

ԭһ֮ҪƾҶŭķйΪ

ϷĵϷҵʱûݵöôǡô

ҪԼĿҵҰҪԴ˸ı䣬ԼȺѩĿе

ʱȺѩߣĳϡϧҲ֪

֪ˣȴΪʱ



76

Ȼѩ,ҵ⵽Ļ

һ̫ˣٻȴȫԼ

ȻȲûӳȻѩһһ˫֡ҵķŭĮ㹻ףĶҲĶһͬˡ

ȻѩûһˣԼӵѩһһ֣ѩԹԵĽĻСϣҲϵĺ۵Ƥϻʹ

ѩţߣȻϳ

һֱʹעȻȴٿһۡ

ϴĮĶңΪ賣ƣҵ

Σǣﳹ׵İҵ˻塣

Ƕôһ˶ôϲҵġڰĦⱻʱôĶ˵Ҳǻ塣ڣΪˡ

ΪϴסԺҴӳɶȴûȥ

ҲǣҺ֮ĹϵЩõı仯

ⶼΪһǸɫԱ

ѩסԺûȥȴȥˡ

2046Ϻ趷ȴȥֺ衣

ǸղţԼݵöôһһİҼŭø׶¡

Ҳѩ׹ЩҪôѩѾģҪôѩû

ײƼҪҵѩҪȣѩû

һ˰ѩߣȡ

Ȱѩ§ڻ˳š

һҲ˼ʻҡ

Ȼ󣬳뿪ңĽС

һ˾ΪײƼ£Űѳôڵ⣻ҪҿȣѩôҸҪףҸǸˡ

תϺͳӱ۵·ʱҲԼǸˡ

ҲԼΪʲôҪôѩֻԼΪʲôҪôҵĲɣȻҾͲΪѩˣΪѩˣҾͲôɵﻹ˭Ͷһ˷

һ˵ıҲͲô׵ĵóˡ

֮Ҳɣʵ

ҺȻе㻳ɣϷĲֻһˣҲˡҲѩ˯㲻֪Ǹûһ˸ûƺҪѩ׹˵ġڵ绰ֻ˵ѩȴѩǲǱȽˣҲҡ

УܾЩƫһˡҲһ˿ڶȵ׷㶦˸ϿܡҪڻá

Ҳǲܲ٣ǲܲ٣ǴڰĦҾͲǵĵҲǵĵǵĵ

Ҳ֪ΪʲôҪѣõѡΪԼõȴͱԸҶʹࡣ

ҸΪ⣬ȣѩʹࡣ

ҽԺƼ

ҿǰиƵ꣬ȻͺȾƣȺܶܶľơ

˺ȾΪ˺ȾΪ˾˺ȾΪ˴ĵʱ䡣

ңȴΪҪѹҿ촭ǧ

˽ȥ

ҪҵľƣȻҲϰߺҾơ

ҲƴʫˣҲѾٷ磬ٱ£ڻǳ輵

ԼԼһҲһһƱ

ôʣҲ˳

û£ԽʵĶԽҪ¡

һһĺȣȵٲ֪ζǲǾƣˮ

Լֻ㣬ů֪

ҲȥůԼҲ᲻֪ˡ

Ա߹һŮӣɩӷ·ͣŻȻһò߹ȴɩӣûǲ󼰵

еľƱ˵㲻ٺˣƽȡ

˵ѾƵ̾Ƶӣ˵ҲϰߺҾƣʤ

ѾȥͷȻ̨Ǯˣ

ٻͷʱ˺Σӡ

˵Сܣһ仰ؼȥɣѺȶˡ

ҳܹ˵仰ȴ˵㡱֡Ȼȴ紺ůȻһҲ

ҺȻ͸жᣬⲢİĳҲԼѺˣҪҪοʱ򣬶ҺȰȴǸİˣ

վŤתľҸûؼˣҲ֪ҵļǾҸӣҲ֪Ҹδ

ҸĺãĶҪƲס

ȻȴŪϵľƿƿڵϣ˺ѷε

һӾҲƲסȪӿ

ĺȶˣȻҲƿᱳһİˣƲסԼˮһһ

İŮ˴Ҵҵȥ̨ʣִҴҵĸϹӱסҡ

ܾȴƿ

߳Ƶ꣬ʣʲôˣ

ûش

Ҳ֪ʲôʱ

ң

ŷҵŮˣ 



77

ҲΣҲ־ϲֻҺͷҵİŮӣޱ顣

ŪǾþòһȥҵģֻ·Ҳˡ

ҵģΪһҾͣסǰеĽŲҵģΪҪһĵӣ

߹ûҵ֣ʣ˵ĻûɡǳڻϵǸ**ӣ

ûԹޣûпûк棬ֻ·޻˵˾仰ƽ֡

İŮûκα⡣ҲͷβĻ̫ͻأһͷˮԼͿα⣿ҲԼֻǸˣǷУԼԽԽڡ

ֻǶЦЦҲиܵܣеʹҲܵķ˺صĴˣӦôؼҡ

ȰǸҵĻķ**ӣȴҵĽ㡣ԭϲֻԶɣǰŮҲһô̶̵ʱǾŪᣬֳĬ

ǲȽͣҸͲ˵һ仰

ȣ˽͡룬ȵ˵ʹУʹΪ

ҲһκνֻͣǶң˺þãȻ㣬㡭

Ǳ߹һ˿Ц˵Цʹ໹Գ

һİŮ˰ҽ㣬ˡ⼸첻ޱ߷ȥ֪˶٣İŮ˾ҽ㣬˳ĺĸо

÷޷ġŮ˻ﳪ·ʹ֪˳ĺʹ飡

ʵģһϮ£ϵЦĵʹ࣬еһ÷

Ȼֻڲ֪ҵİŮʲôʱſңʲôʱ뿪

뿪ʱԶʧʱǲҲ

ȻǷסңһʼû˵һ仰

˵á㡭

ΣǸ㡱˵úüѣһ˵Ҳ˵ȥ

·Ǹ㡱һ˵мһ䰮ĶĻһ̣紵ȥˡ

оˣǰǸ㡱ʱʹ࣬˳ĺʹ࣬ǡ

һ̣ҲףǾܾס

ԽףԽǺȻ̣ΪʲôҪĮҵ׽һ˵Ұģ

Һ˦ֲǰҲҪ˷ҼʹҪ˷ҲҪ

ǣƫƫʱͻȻӿҺȽȥЩԲס˳

İϡ

ȻŲζȻھµľƿջŹ˿֪ͣڣһҵͺܳࡣ

ͻȻĪĿУʹǿҡ

İԽ˳ȾԽҪµð಻

һƻĿСȾƵʱǸŰڣҵߵ˹

ûзſңҿøҲԼˣҵ̹Ȼ

ҲϲŰҪΪʲôҴͲһˡ

ȴ²ˣҵĶѿһ

ֻ¹ѡ

ҿȵļϣ᲻ζȴᵽȵķ㡣

ҺȻҵĴȵĶô

Ҳ֪ǲìܵ,ǸìܵˡôҵİҰɳϣȴܾʱϣֻĵܵܡڣֻԼˣȴĪ뷨ҹ̵ĴĶĳطҲ˷Ӧ

ҷֲǱȷʵһ˵ĺ

ȻǶòǿ̫ҲѸоҵĺڼӴ٣ҵ͡

ûôһĿҵִڼϣһ2046

ȷҴ2046ŵʱҿѩɳվ۾ϲ

벻ôû˯Ȼһֱڵ

ﲥŶƬǿ⶯Ƭ򷢵ȴĵʱġ

ǣȻʱľϲһ¾ûˡ

ѩΣеİ޶ֵôʹ

˶ûľϲ裬裬ǰ䲻ңŭ䲻֡

ôòŵȻ裬ˣȴû˵һ仰תңصĹҵš

һǾ費ô

ûѩҷҵҡ

ҷڴϡ

Ҹһ£ͽӵ˵绰޴ĵ绰

ڵ绰˵Ѱղͨ¼￴ĺ룬Ҵ绰ӵİɣ㶼˵Щʲôʲô𣿡

ʱεҿȣͬΧһжΧת

ҵ͵͵˵Һ㡣



ҲԴȡóޣƼԮ֮֡ҵʱƺЩ

ǹ˵ġ뿴ˣҲΪʲôͺ뿴ˡ

һͿ

ҿ˳ȥȻˣȻ޷Լչ˵ˣȴͱŮڵ绰

ĸоϲָоϧҺܿʲôҲ֪ˣҲ֪Ƿ񻹽Ҳ֪Һͳڵ绰˺þã˯ˡ

˯˵㣬ȴܳûһΡ

ʱŬȴôҲ벻ʲôģںδ

һΪǲʶնֻ֪ɣڹ߷ľľϡ

ƺھ˵,һ,˯,û̽ҡ

ʲôЩۣŬ۾һľĵ⡣

ҿȴǹʯҰವǽ⻹ꡣ

ⲻҵĹ磬Ž紵

ҲɣһǽϵӣҾͼô

ʱĵ㣬ĵ㣬һûȥ˾

ҼƿӣӴϰԵȥͷҵѡ

Ҹûѡ

ҿľȴ**壡

ԼԼһ

ͷЩۣҿˡ

۾ͷٿԼҾȻѵһ˿ң

ȣһȣʱѵһ˿ҵģ 



78

ͷĵǰµϴøɸɾ·,û촩

Ҳ֪Ȱ촩·ˣ֪ھƵ,һֻǰµð಻һԼµһͿ

Ȼѵþ⡣

ֻǲ֪һʱԴ۾һ죿

ҲǸʱòײŹֱΪı۾ֻǲ֪ûвСУǲ̲ס캵

Ҳʱ͸Ұɳûʲôͬ󵨶顣ֻǲ֪ûаҵÿһУУǲղܣʲôҲ֪ʱѽ췹

ҿͷϻķһֽ

ҵĽŵ֪йһУҲȶֽдϸϸװס

ϰ£ûмĴ·˾һѽֽץϴҴҵĿ

ѰҪúϢɣѴ绰˼١

úֽ㣬֪⼸ºܶ࣬ȴûֵһ˷ͻʱ,ô׵ĺ㡣

ɽǲ̣һˣһ˼ŭˣ˺㡣

Уѩʱһֱһ˸ǿʼ˺øУҲжһٻĿеһܵ˺ʹĿеĺ壬һӱʹ

м㻹֪һ˴ѩؼʱѩСĵϿѪööѪ֪ôѪѩ಻ãܲþţͻ˹ȥ

Ĵζһ˴绰֪ͨʱ¥ϸһ˶ѩĻŵɫ԰ף㵱ʱ˺ѷεʹ

ΪѩӴҲѲˣ

һ˰ѩͽҽԺģѩҽԺ⼸һֱû뿪Ҳһֱû˵һ仰ɵɵġ㶼еչѩǸԼ˭ﻹǵûع˾ϰࡣ

һͶԶֺ֣֪֮䷢˺ص¡

һǸ˳͵ˣô嶯һ򶼲һûԼĥԼñĥ

̫̬ˡ

⼸һֱҽԺֻûû취磬ֻػ㲻֪ûд绰ҽ㣬У˵Բûͨĵ绰

дЩ߽ʲôȻһ˶ڳĬһǺʹ¡ɲ̴ȳĬբţբӿľǿˮ

ֻ㣬Ӵ˲ٶǰôĮ,Ҳǲ¡ǸŮ˵úãӴһúõ㡣ϣгһգܿЩˮɸ¶

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һĵĻʿûĴмѶҽԺзŭȫйһϡȻȴûֻԵң͵۹ϧ

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Ҳͨ˳޵ֻȻǳƼԺģ˵ƼԺģסһҽԺңҽԺһܸƼõչˣҽԺλɫרңҸ׶

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ǰֻ֪ѰҲ֮û뵽￪ʵǸõء

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ֻҪһߣҾͲᱻܷ֣Ҿȥһ裬鷳һ˼ˣ˶ˣҲлΪҿѡ

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ȻйůӿϾױ˶Һá

ұתҺ޲÷ҲƵ뿪ҵĽȴȻٲΨ衣

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ˣŤͨŭ

ǳģһ˽ⷢӵҼ鱻ϡ

˽Ҷվʹֻٲ۵ҲȺұܷǳ¡ֻޣû㿴û֮󼪡

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޷ͷҲڻûϳңһͷӷۡ

˵ȻˣҲҽ²߰ϾҶһ֪

⻰ڱһ˼ȴһ˼

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Ȼȴûҷֻĵȥ²Ͳ񲿰ɣԺϰˡ

ȻƸңûһ˴ҽ촦ûа㹫˽ʵ̫ҵˡ

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̧ţߡ֣ǰôҲŲȽţʱȴе㽡ˡ

ô죬ֻºܷڶҴ̫ᣬǲ뿴ˡһˣЩİˣԲ˵ǺҲ뿴䲻ôڴҵϱϾ̫ʣ˵ôʱԱ߿Ҳһ

ȻҿҪ߳ʱȴڽסҡ

ѰЩƺ޵ʹࡣ

ûͣ£ѽŲø졣

ҸҪ˵Щʲô˵ʲôˡҪ˵Ӧں֮ǰ滹˵ıҪҲöԺ˵ȥʲô壿

ǱеԹŪͿˣȻҲôĶҰʾҲˡûа˼ȥ룬һ˶õô޷죬ټǰζ³ǰͼӴ׵ͿĨһʹҪҽͣô͵

µ¥Ĺʱͨκţû߹ȥ

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ֲúþȥѩؼҵģȴҵңһȡԣˣȳ˻ҶᣬʵΪǸС۵ˡ

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һ·ϣܲζĽԼҪƭҡ

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֪ˣҶⲢʹҵǰªͷˮԱ߷Ѽİ

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裬Ҳ죬ҺǸªͷðҧҧ촽Ϊ

Ҫ˵һܡֻǸܣңȴԤʮ֮˾ŵˣֻõ֤

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ǣȴôҲЩʹͲûҵ뿪ԶԶķұ·Ӱӣߵ͸

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ֻкܣȷҶûע⵽ѿ۾ͼǰ̫಻ͬһ֪Ǹұ˾һĸĸĦŮķʱѸ

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ٺ˵һ仰ٸκһЩǰĻᣬͨͨø˺ܡӺòײżȥȵ˳

ţֻǱ棬ܴҺֻǱһһһĿġȣǿΧΣա˳ֻǱԹ߸塣ֻΪԺܣúġȻѻһٻȴӺܲȳ

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Ȼȴеһ̧̧ͷޱ顣

ѩһֻԱǣ¶ʹޡԼȴǳޱˡ

ֳ̫ϤˡҽƼʱ뿪ҽԺǰֳޡ

ֳ޵ʹ£ƣȥҺ֡˵ƭһ˺°ҩѩѡ

ڣҸеΣա

Σա

һƼǸİˣƼҲΣա

Ƽһɽʱܾñ󣬳֦ϵĻѩ䣬г޵ĽŲʱԶʱޡ



93

һ·ȴûʲôˣصƼʱﻹЩҷĶ·Сĵ㣬Ҫ

ܾңϴһ

ɻӱʲô

ȻȴݸһЦƮȻȥˡ

ûҵɻҵĵģˣȴ¡

ҶԻص2046ʱ

ȺѩڲԵҡ

ҸսݣȾͿϵˡеʣѰô

ҵɽʱѩ̫Сĵһӡ

ʵڲǰһ˵֡

û˵ʲôܿһ䷿õҩ䡣

ɳϣԼߣһɴ⿪

ЩɻͰˣһˣŮӵɴ

̵Ѫɴ˿ڣճһÿ˺һ㣬Ҿͻ񱻰Ƥһеҵʹ

Ŭסûаʹı顣Ҳаʹı顣

ѩԱߣ಻ãرѪϴƼڵϵѪŵ˺ü졣

ʱ˫գɫ԰סĺڼء

ûӿ

һѧ¸ңѧԡôԲܾʹһܿ־أ

ҶѩЦЦЦȻ

˵ѩѪˣ廹¸ҡ

ѩЦȴЦ˫ɽգɫɲ԰ףɳءȥ򿪵ӣһ߿һ߿Ȱҽ⿪ѪȾɴ

ģѩĺٳأ˫ٽգɫҲ˺ת

һǰѩѧԿ־;ġ

ҿϣһ죬ѩսʤһսʤħӴˣʲôĴҲͻȻʡ

ЦˣģġþúþãҶЦˡ

ҵЦͻȻŤ

ҵ˴ǰʹ

ҵͷһˮһĲҵ˿ڡ

Ϊ˲ѩҰͷ͵õ͵͵ġ

һͷҾᵽ㷢ϵ㡣

˿ԽԽʹ

ѩƺʱŤͷ

ҸɴͰȵ㷢ϣŬסʹĵѩķ㡣

ұǹԼûȥѩ֪ѩһеη壬һΪ轾š

ΪҲҩˮͣͣƺЩĺЩ١

ҺȻĸо˿ȵʹԸԶʹȥԶʹȥұ԰㷢

ʱҪȥҪչͽȺܿͰҵ˿ϴɾ

˿ڲôʹˣҲò̧ͷҿȵϾ˳졣һҸղǾ仰̲ס캵ôһ룬ǺþòΪ粵ĺҲιһ󴺷磬ˡ

ѵʲôҾͲٰȵ㣬Ҳٰҵܵˣ

ϸҵ˿ĨЩҩ࣬ȻҩΪҰ

һֱû̧ͷЩ̧ͷ

˵ܵͣ᣺ѰúϢɣ˿ںȥϰࡣ١

ĸоһӾ͵Ȼ޴ˡղŸͿҩˮʱҵƶûʹˡ

ҲϲǰܣԶʤҲϲǰһˡ

ҸԸȥܸ١һȥ٣ֻͺܽӴ˫ۣһĳЩλת

һӾͳΪҰ֣͵վһ仰Ҳû˵ҵҡ쵽ǰʱ˻µƼİɴȻͷҲصĽݣ顱һԼ档

Ҳ֪ûѩҿ϶һ㵵ĽŽѾҾʹΣ˷һ޷⡣

һֱûʸס

Ҳʼûţ˵Բ

ֻΪԼΪΪʡҸΪΪѩȫˣѩ͸ûΣա

ѾֻһΰʾҪСĺˣȴһҲûףԺܸŸ

ҲٶҲǻһַʽ

ҪҶԺжôںңͻΪԶǸĵͷ

ҵĴǰһԼΪԼһŴ⣬ɢԼƵ顣

û뵽ȴˡ

ƻͨĳУСůڵģڻδ˽յϲ

Ҳ֪˶顣ֻԼϲ֮⡣

Զа¹ҺƼԶɽԶɽϻѩİ׹⣬¹⻹Ҫ䡣

ԶɽǱߵǱߡҵĹ硣

ҵĹ磬˶Ư˳Уڱ˵ĳΪԼĺԼᣬԼѪ˭ȥĹǹĴڣѩ̼飿

ֻոһգ긴һꡣ

ҲٿغôӣڴϡһҾе˺£ĵĲĵģƼȡ

μҵ衣ңһۣûоͷ·ϡ

˵ľϲ̲סУ裬ȵҡ

վסˡ

׷Ҽ뿪ʣ裬㲻Զȥô

عͷЦһǰôô˵ӣ⣬Ȼڡ

ҺȻͷֲξʵл֮У·ԼĲŴһµĶ

ҿ޵裬ҲҪˣҪԶһ𡣡

֣Ļ

һûҵ裬Ȼ˷ķѩûա

ʱҵʪ˴Ƭҵϻۡһļǵãʧʱɪɪϣֻмĺ£

ڶϰʱٲȥ˾κˣٲȥĹ˾κ¡ǸΣǿ裬һжҪ

ȻҲȥˣȴҡ

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ʱ¥ͨͣ¡

˵֡

ΪͨǼٽ蹫ȥȡΪͣǲⷢϵˡ

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˭רҵˡ

Īȣ

Ⱦǲҵĸܣȥˡ

ζʹζҹ￴ѩûҵ裬˺ѷΡ

ΣԽԽˡ

ȼú֪ˣҲ֤ʵˣȴûж˵ĵĻûݼ٣뿪ʱ϶Щõɫһûˡ

Ҫȶ˵ҵʱһС֪ˣҶжô񣬶ôСҶϲ

ΥˣǣŭҡҶеҪ˺ߣ¶βˡ

ɽкķ 



94

磬ܰȫְԱټңһκ׵ʱ顣

Ҳ֪ʲôȻСۣ治ã㶼ס졣

ټĻңŴѻȸԵЩųơ

ܺ˿ڲ裬ɤӣɨһңڽȴܽᡣ

֪鲢ô򵥣ҵĵľҪ

Ȼܽһ꣬㻰һתźǣԱխЮ˽𣬾˽˺ͬµ顣ػٻǹ˾ϣվȫԱԷϴǸ

ֲϣ˵ƺңȣһˡ

ô˵Ĳþһ𣬾Һ޹ء

ô˵֪ϵˣһ͡

ɾȸģȲ֪һ˰һѩϵ£ο˴ǰо׻ֲҺһ˭˭ᣬͲһΪһ˵һˣƺ޵ˡ

ҷֺܶ˶ɡ˾ϲĶǵƺֻһһˡ˵еĳˣƺеЩ

һ˱ҲЩţҲ·ĺ˵Լô˱ҪңԼ߸ߵİͷɫ̹Ȼ

СˣʱûС֮ĶȾ֮ûΪһᱰɵ˽˶ԹȥǸ״

ûΪٰ̣ܶΪܻ˴ĳС²̨Ͼǹ˾õҵҲΪ˾º͡

ܶ˶˼ձԼԼżҵĶ

ʱһȥһַֹȥȴûһվ

ԽйˣԽĴҡ

һˣ̫ʧˣ

ͻŭĺ·ԵĹţ˶

йˣ֪Լ޹ˣȴҲɲ

һ˸Ӷһ¡ǺŬԼòײվʱŵɼ

ҲĲ£ߵܳŭŬƵԼŭ

ҿһֻۣһ۾Űĵ

һΪںǰ״һΪұˡ

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ȣ绨ۡЩҹϵˡ

ȴվٰ׹⣬ҲԵƵ

һӾͲͷ·ĳӾǹĳĳĳյĳᡣһ˾ͷ·Ǳţֻûϸ߸ߵֽñͿɫĴ

жһ˵ǧҲһǸһˡ

ȥһʱͷûǰĹâЩЩˡ

ҲǶҲò֪ںǰϷ᲻֪ĵûˣȴ˰ѣӺ

˺ü죬ڶ˵֡Բ𡣡

СüֻԼ

Ѿˣɣһô߰Ըһжôмҷο᳡һ롣

ܲû˽Ǵһ˸ְ֣ҵְܾҵΣ

һұǰǹŰҪܾ

ﲻֻǰţơֱţѹ֣Ϣѹ֡

ûκһΪһ˵ͷ̾ϢûκһΪҹףء

Ҷľźܻⷢӵ˳̶ȡ

ҺεºܣҪȥһ˵ְȡ֮Ҿܳľ

˿ȴˣǸıܸڸʲô谮ڱһ췴һ֣

ܶԴ΢Ц΢ЦԴ˻ա

зŵϸĺۣȴոѹָϢˡ

˭ܣƿߵĴӡ

Ӵⴵһɺķ硣

ܴͷ

УҼĴ˸

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ûиһߣóˣȵһξܾ

Һܣ֪Ϊһ¡

Ӵˣһ˽Ҿ޴вȴԽԽȫ

ˣûжͷ

Ҹյ˾ſڣͱס

һԵİʹԹдϡ

Ҳף̲סҪߣʡҲףһ˭ʲôطˡ 



95

ʻߣҶȴҲϲʹȥ

ȴ۾ƿҵ

ҵһ˺ȡǲУڶһ˵ʲôһЩοĻһһֱЦνȴЦúܲȻ

۾ֻصҵϡ

ʣܶ㹻ˣΪʲôݲһˣ

ټܵͣ䣬һ֮䴵ҿ֮ڷѡ

һ˺ѻҪ߾һȴȻͣҲͣ

һ˵ңš·ס

ʹΪһңΪҸӳޡֻҪһУ֮䣬ұǳ顣ܲ˴߻

ʹΪŮһֱеĺ֪ѡȴҲңվһһߣʦ

ΪȣΪ˴ǰоȡҺҡڲƽջƫһˡ

һֱΪһƵ롣ڲ֪ʵԼ

ûлشҲȥһˣҿȡ

ʣԺ˵ģ

ҲҪ֤мһ֤Ϊеɻҵ𰸡

һ˽ס˺һǰĲȻɫƽ־

ѵҵʻУʲô

ȶңǶһˣƴҡͷ״ε˵ǣǣûС

Ҵû˽˽ΪԼ

ޣ治ʡʣҾͲ֪ǰһֱޣΪûôع

һ˵ıԼ

˵Ҫһ˵飬͵ÿ۾һ˿ȵ۾û۾￴ƭ

˹һץסңסҵ졣Ϊƭҡ

Цŭȣ㻹ȣ

ҵĺµ˵Ҳм˵

һЦƮȻһ˺Ȼɿ֡

ұߴŤͷȥƼ·ʢڶһ֦һӾɨʹ˫۾ɽȪ峺

ƼȣȻ۾ͣһϡ

˵ô㻹ϰݣҪҪҰѽҲǺܣ

ЦЦŭ޺ޡ

һʲô㶯ѻָѩ֮Ϻһ˶Իʱɳơ

һһˣȺҲӦˣ˵¸ߺܵģңҲȣǰɰŮ

ȣһһϤǰƼôһǰŮü۽ǣֹ̬Щʶ

Ƽ˵ҲκΪʲôôĻᣬҾߡղƮȻһƮȻ뿪

߳ԶûͷȥˣҲû

һֱҵ֣úܽҿ̫ᣬֿ̫ءĳȣзᣬзݸж

ΪԸҰȫ

֪ȴӵˡղֻǵԼڻҪ

Ͼһʧȥְܾ

Ͼһ˻֪ľƼ

ӵڶҾҵܾ칫ңһȴǰĵǰ

λõĻı˸˵Ƣ

һȻô߰ͷϵԸȴЩҲƺ̵ãȻȥӽȣҪѴǰӺܣʧȥģȫơ

ȣҲƺ˺ܴƵļ󣬶ʹյİţƴӡǶһ˵Եıֳӭ̬

úܴΪջ뼤ŭһˣһˣȻҺһ˶ȥԼһܿСû뵽һƺ覹˼ҵĴޣ˼󶼻ȡϡѹԼķŭһ˵ΪӶȵıѸԵرݡһһȣһ߰˷ʤĸı

ұͲϣοһδʽ֮ǰͰѵЩҪϻ۸Ļ򳹵ɾұͷ

ҼΪѿְˣû뵽ƼȴݺݺĿҪҲҪȥΪ

һ㶼ףʲôϵйϵϿô࣬ҲһҪ⾭Ƽǲشң޵øˡֱҴӦű߲ᣬ߶ЦЦúܿģҲء 



96

ȴӴﻢˡ绨Ҳٰŵڰ칫æµʱãȻͷĲӬ

绨˼ϡüĵǰͬ̽ʱǲԼͬĶȥꡣҵֲСһ͵ȥģȻбȥȻʧ

һϣҸ𴲣׼Ҵҵϴϸȥϰ࣬ȴ洺߹Ҫѩȥ԰

Ȼ̾ʱ֮æҾһڵܾˡ

벻Լִţ춼ˡȺѩ˼ǣҾѺܵıһ˵Σвˡ

ȶһ˵ĺãҾᡣҼȲشҲҡͷ

ȼԥЦôˣҵ𣿡

û˵㡱ǡҡ

Ҳ졣

һǼȲӦҲܾ

˴Ӧܾҵ΢ı仯ĸ仯ͣ

ΪԼ˵ңѩ죬ѩҡ

һܱ˭ˣκǰǿĮҲ޷ѩе󣬺ͶҸĿ

ѩԼԼ

սʤľԼ

ûдӦȣҴӦѩ

ʵӦѩǴӦȡ

ů춬ѵõ̫ԶɽϵĻѩڶڻǵڶºת

µĹ԰ڹ԰ȺУңȣѩȻҸ֮ңĽ۹⡣ȶҺεᣬкЩеӣҲּʡ

ףҪѩˣҪҡֻ˹йŮЩΪ飬Űѩϡ

ǣΪʲôҪǶһ˺õģΪʲôҪҺãѵҺһ֮䣬˭˭ùѵ첻Ϊ˰οһˣҲΪɢ⼸飿ѵֱڣǷֲҺһ˭˭أҺһ֮سǻ

һһҸе尾Ͼ˭Ųȣ˭õȣƫƫһ룬ȡ

̲סȣȻҿ͸

ƺЩ֪̫ɹģЩӣһ߷һĨ

ЦЦȻһתȥǱϵС

֪ĲԽԾӣΪҰʾʲôǴĽŲҴ˶ҾȻһƸճᶣˣƮȻȡ

塣

ѩһлҵߴȵıӰϣǣ˱𴦡

ҿһˡ

߰ͷȴЩ˭Ҳ̫רעҲѩĽȺ̫΢òǺԶȴȫȻ֪

ɻǰȥԶƼ

ٵľƼ

ȻƼġ

ƼȺУҹΣЦȻ̬ӯȫ֪Σһƽ

ֻңܻػͷһͻȻܿһҲܿҡͿ԰ȫ

ƫƫѹûҪͷ

ҼѩȻһ

ΪƼˣҲҲΪ˲һ׷ĪĴҾڽҪͷóʱͳ֡

Ͼһֻ֪벶ȴ֪ȸںһмʤİա

ѩ·ҲҰף䲻һţȴԹԵһ˵һ仰

һƼԽԽ

һԽԽ

ȺڣȴԽԽе˵Ľš

ƼȻ۳Ⱥֱȥ˹԰ſڡͣһһͺܵĳƵĳǺܵ

ʻҵĳţ̽ԴȻǺܵǸ˾һ˷·͵꣡

Ƽڳǰפ㣬ӶЦô޼䡣

ԭƼѺʶѹһֱܾȥ

һǺߣ֪ܡ

Ƽܱ͵

Ǹ꣬ȴҾˡ

ԶԶĴȻҺѩ

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Ҳ֪ô飬ǧİӣΪѰңȹԼСͯҾСͯ

ѰҵĻѩ

ҲԶƼ˾Ƽһˡ

߸ߵĻӻ֣㿴ǡ

ֻϧһ߹ʣѩôô躰ҲӦ

ûңͲ˼ҵĸܡ

ѩȻûг

ע⵽һѩԶ졣һƬհף˼ȵ˼ȵĻĶ䣬ȴûܽ

ĪѩҲƼĪѩҲƼü۽ǣֹ̬ʶȴôҲ벻˭

ҽסȥǱʱѲƼǸ˾ӰӣԶԶȥˡ

ʧķ򣬾ѩĿתķ

ʱһˣҲǸȻݲ԰ף·׺䶥ľš



97

ӹ԰ѩڰҹоѡȹеôˣҲ˵ֻԹԵ͵͵šְ֡ʱãȻʱֱС

ѩˣɫ԰ˣҲЩճɵɵˣȷǳżҲŵġ

һ˰ѩȥҽԺ죬Ҳȥˡ

ѩȥҼ飬Һһվ泤Ĺϵȡ

Ȼڹ԰һ뿪ʱɫţеӣкҲûȴ򡣵һҹ֮ȴǰȻҪҪ󵨣Ҫ͸Ժܲ˿˼ɣҪ˵ͬˡ˭ܿƹˤľġ

ܶˣȻֻܶԶ֮

ѩҽԺֲܲʵڷĲ¡

ԶԶվԱߣһ˲Ҳ˲ңֻһĶȱѩȥǵš

ǵڴ򿪣ΪȳʱһһɨеĵǣЦաѩɫҲɲ԰ױú󣬲ÿɰĶЦ

һҲһ

û뵽ȳʱȻЦеȴˡóЦƭѩѩĲһǴǰô򵥣ȴֲѩ֪ѩС飬޷֮ء

һӭȥȻﱧѩһߺȲУһ߹еʣѩôˣ

վԭأûжҲһԼĹģ֪ʣеʹࡣ

һ˵ĹֹУûʵ䷴ҲûȡԤڵЧûзУҲûижûлشֻĬĬԼ·һʲô

ѩԱߣô˵

Ҳ֪ѩԱߣҲ˵ٲҺһ˵һֱڶԳܡ

ĶԳܣҷǳѹ

Ҳһ˱һѹϾȲôߵκһˣ޷֪ϰ֮ǰ°Ժ޷˽ġ

֪Լʹ࣬ȴܰߡϻʲô˱ʹࣿ

Ͼס2046ԺȳϦദ԰ҹʱ߹ȥΪ̨¹µȣһ£ϾֻҪоˣͻ¶һЦ

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ֱһϣҿһ˿飬ҲŲΪһ˶Щദʱ䣬ͱһ˶ЩҸ

죬°ҽѩؼҵġѩȻ״ãǼ׶԰

2046¥£ѩȴ¥ҪСſڵ衣

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ѩҲǸµĺӣҲʱء

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Ҳ֪°ʱȾܾһ˿ȴҽѩؼңҪȥΪʲôڻӰ

ȥ˴æɢȴû˭Ͷһ

ȻҲǾסǸڣǵ¥¥£˭ʶ˭

һĮ磬˭Ҳмȥ˼ʹǶ治ʶģǵĸֽǱʲô

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ܵĳģöܵĳˡ

Сſͣ£ûпȥһͺܿҺѩ

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ص2046ԹѾˣȴû˯⣬Ҵ򿪵ӣȻڿɳϡ

ҰúܵͣǸϢʱˣ³ȺѩϢ

û뵽ѩȥ˯һһߺ˵һСҵ

ѩԽԽϲˣÿӶоѣȶÿҵţȥֻҪһ֣ͲôãȻԵķְ֡ˡ

ԱߣʱĿҺѩʱҸʱʹϧ

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ҿңֱѩһԺ˯ˣ۾Ҳʱ͵͵ѩƣҴɻ

ҲݣҲɳ֮ǰҲйҵһһ

ĪǣܽҲҩֻĳԭδóѣȻȥ֮ǰô˵Ǿ仰

ĪǣܶҩͲԼóʲôͬĦŮȫҺһȫҺȣԴˣƵһ˶Ҳ޿̣

˼ȥǶǣղþҲסһҲһһˡ

һڣҾҲҿ

ұ˯ѩ뿪뿪ȡ

Ľǵңİѩڴϡ

м͹ˣⲻǽֹȼ治ʱ˷̻ȴѩӳ͸

ҹȥİѴ¡

תʱұ㿴ȣҲ˽

ûпңֻѩҲѣ֪ӱܡ

˾ͺãʱһֱòģʵڲʹʱʲô

ҵȥҪ

Ѱ

סң

ûס

վסˡ

˵ҲҵֺڣҲʧˡ

ûƣֻпĵƹ⣬

Һ֮˴˼ҵǼٵĺ˶Էϡ

ŵ㡣

Ȼӹóƣ˭ʱ⣬Ͼ⣬ҹɫˡ

˷ܣң궯İ

ҿҪֵסʱҲó

Ӳ˵Ѱǡᡭɡ

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98

ȵĻȫҵϣǳʲôҩĵ

жʱ䣬һǣӵĶȣۼ뿪һ죬ܺϲ˫˫ɡ

ΪĳŵҲʱǿ£ΪͷüĿǱʶĵ̰

ŬҪԼǱĿ䲻Ǻˮޣֻϸȴڲ̵ʱ

ղţҲֶǷǣȻĶ

浽һ죬һ޵ʱȴһƬ㱡̫ͻȻˣûмֻо̲סʣΪʲô

ôңҲиЩ;ġ

ûشңʣѩ𣿡

ҵͷӲ졣

˵Ͷˡ

һ˿Ц֣Ρ

ѩɾĿ֣ΣֺγϧȻ˺뿪ʱǾҪúÿǵĻ

˯ѩѹʣǲѩĲԽԽˣǲǳ֮ΣҪҽ飬ȻǮѩõƣ

תȥǱ߰ѩ˯ƿıӣĸ˻ȥȻĬ

óĬشҵʡ

Ҳ֪Ӧֽô죿Ϊ˺һ𣬾̫ʹ׷󡣾ڣ޶ԶңȴҲҿڣҲһû

ҲӦȣֻĿſֿɰѩħ

ԥʹʣûİ취𣿡

ҡҡͷȻű𴦣Ĭ˺һŵ㲻Ը⣬ǿֻǾһȴ

ʹЩΪ飬޷ѻ˵ȥ

֪¡Ϊ޷˵ȥġʡԵģ޷ڳڵķ֮¡ϾǸŮˡҸ֪ΪѩأҲôùȴҪͷԸ飬ôʹ

ҺȻͲôԥˣһԥʲôأȻȵ˼ֻǼٽ飬ֻǺݳϷܿȻôΪ飬ΪѩʲôԡοѩﶼҪֻ֣ҲѩԸ׵ΡУȶҲŸ飬ûи飬ѡһˣϾһ˱ʶ

ʣʲôʱ򣿡

𣺡ԽԽá

˵ǾͶʮ˰ɡ

Ȼ˳ңİţȥҵķ䣬£ȴ˼ɣҹδߡ

ʱס¸衷ѰʹÿÿǾ䡰ΣҾͻ鲻ԽȻ¡䲻Ҫݼʱ˫ۣһǽסԷΡİ̾

ܲ̾أѴӦȡΪƭܵ۾ǲϷǵıҲûа覴áҲ֪⽫ôʹ˺ɺ̫ƻˣΪ˲￴ְҲҸͣ

ڶǶʮߣһ˵֪ҺҪ飬ƵƷ칫ȣȣȴ˵仰ʹĳ˳ȥ

ȣȥķ

ӭ׼ȥİ칫ҡʱ䣬ƸУĿӣȴɢһ˳Ҳûܿ

һֻ˷ĳ壬ע⵽ʱصײϡ

һģûײõһϣȴ׷ڵϣɢǡ

۾һˣһ˷Ƶľٶô޷⣬̲סеʣһˣôˣ

һƺˣ˾ǸŮӣ˭Ҳ̿˺ץס˫磬ƴҡΣŭʹĺʣѰҪȽˣôһӣΪʲôΪʲô

ȻɵˣʲôҲ˵ʲôҲƾһƴҡӡ

ҳ˹ȥһǻ˵

һûпң֪ҳȴҸյʱݺһƣת˳ȥǰҪ񣬻Ҫʹ

˹ңŮӰ㰧ԹʨŭƸӵó֮⣬ȴûҲû̾ϢֻתȥҲˡ

ȥȥ򣬸ȥһ˻ȥδӡֻϧȥ

ǰûеȴصĵ˵ϡһԶǰײʱҪ󣿻һǷŭʹĻͬķŭͱʹò֪ζ޷ܣ

ȴԵ÷ŭʹֻɵɵģ䣬ޱı顣ȲҲվ



 



99

סӿһɺ⣬ȴϧˣҼҪ߹ȥһֻ֣ȻὫ

Ҫ߹ȥʱվסˣе˫۾۾ԶԶĶҡ

ֻкܲ۾Ҳֻ۾űһ˵۾Ī⣬ҸеΣա

ҲǸªͷҺߵģȻô뷽跨ҲҪҺȴһϧѩʱ֮Σ

УڰĦŮҺʹղʱĸĸôô粻Ĵ˽绰֪ͨƫƫǸǷǺܵ˾ȴԺͺĳֹϵӣ

ƴҺȣһΪһˣΪƻҺҲֻƺźΪһˣ֮ǰ˭Ҳʶ˭˭Ҳû˭ޡ

Ϊ˿ɰѩûָûȥЩɢڵϵϡҾôֻĬĬ¶ϧ

ԶԶұӦÿҵ񡣵ϣߵܿ

ȻͲңѻعôɵɵֻãȻ䣬·һˮֻȻĺ⣬ûУް޺ޡ

ԹԴӵһżЩɢϣϣȻţվֲ뿪·˭ҲûǹҲ˭ַ·쳾֮⡣

ûȥĵıӰǲ翱ƺ쳾ŮǰƮȻҷתҹȻͿ˺ܣվԶȵߡ

ҳЦҲ֪ǲЦȻЦúÿȴڵѪ

˹ȥҵܣͷҺһٰɣȥĻ񡣡

벻ôʹ࣬ȴ˵Ҹ

Цݿ䣬ͷ׼ҺȵĻ٣ֺҺȥޡôϲɫҶ㱻ƭ·ʲôͼ·һȵס

ȻȣȴæңͬǲֻͣЩ˾ͬ£ԴǾҲһжϡ

̳ʱûϺܵĳȺͺȻȥ˵Ҫȥһ̳ҪĶȴ֪Ҫڻʱһľϲ

ȣһ춼ʹصȣʱﾹһ˿ĵǵ

ѵҵ˼ô

ҺúȴûֻǹЦЦ˫г߷졣һңһȣǺǣûأһᣬһˣ֪Сڻۡ

ҿƮ˫ʱƮɬĺ죬һǺܷǿġʲô

ҲűܿܵЦۣ˫գ⳵Ҵ뿪

ԸֻҺǲ˼ˡ

ȻǿġҸˣҸȴǵǣҪҺȶҸô죿

Ҳ֮Ʈ˫ߺ죬Ǻ뵽һˡ

˾ڴСУſȥ˾ķ

û˾Ҿ˳һ·ȻԶԶվڹ˾Ĵԣȴ°ʱ䡣

ʱȥҵȴԽԽ졣

ôӿأģھҪͣĺһײ֪ҺȵĻº󣬱仯̫ˣòƽһ춼ľòڻǰͻϷʲôµ¡

ȴú֪Ҳù˾ͬ¿¶˷

°ʱЩͬһҾеĻᡣ

Ҹ¾еĻᣬȴҽ͡Ͼóӣû˵仰ˡ

ͳֻ绰ַ¡ֻƻĺ꣬ΪѩһǲҪҪĹͷκ©Ϊá

ĴԶиõ绰ͤ˹ȥ

һδβĺ룬ȴֻǱߴκθʾԲ㲦ĺʱ޷ͨԺٲ

ҷµ绰ãȻʧ롣ڶĴ¥ȴ·Ҳʹ

ǣʱȺӹ˾ſӿ˳һظЦ

°ʱ䡣

ҰԼ·ߵȺԶԶĿЩһ뿪

ҿôʶĲʶˣǲ

߳绨ۡ

ЯУƺڶ绨˵ʲôڰο绨ȴĬҲı֣绨һ˸֮С

Ҷ绨ͬģȴ߹ȥ㰲οֻ۵ĹվȳȻϳ뿪ԽԽԶʧڳ

Ź˾յĿ·棬һãȻվ˺ܾãھڵȴ

ҲؼˣӦȥңν˷ʱ䡣

Ȼ׼뿪ʱȴ˾Ĵﻹ߳



û뿪

һΪ˹һΪҡ֪ҪԵȴҶʹ飬޷ֻ䣬κθ飬ް޺ޡЩͬ¿ʹѡ

ۿһȣĳȣĴ·ȥ

Ҹչ·棬Ƽ͸Ҵ绰ڵ绰Ｑĵ磬һҪң˽ҹҾͲˣ 



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100


ҲƼϵ׷ʲôҪ˵˽ҹͲˣ

ֻһӾĪһˣһ˵֪ҺȵĻº󣬷ŭƷ칫龰˾ʱıʹͷ

ĪǣǣŭƼΪ֮нĽƼںǰ˹죬Ƽ͵˵˵խ˽𣬺ܲųҵְȡ֮

ϸϸ׷ʣֻĵƼģ

½־Ƶꡣ

ֻ˵˸Ƽ͹Ҷ˵绰Ȼһߵ磬ȴĪľθͬ

һʲô£ֻ龪һ

Ҳ֪ΪʲôܻôɣԽ޷ʱԽп̲ݻ·

ҵĽŲ֪ȥηһһƼˣҶôŲ£Ҳҷ¡

ҽŤͷȴ˾⣬ֻһյĿ·

ҵͷӵ绰һ˲ʧˡ

һǿˣΪΪӣȻߣȴˣȴڽűˣͨ绰

Ŀ֮ǰһץס˫磬ƴҡ˻ߵĺȳʱ͵֪ڲˡ

ĹãȻ֪Ƕˣٲˡۿסһȣڹᡣ

ȻˣһʲôһãȻĹʲôҲ뿪Ҹġ

ҲǰĵģǶˡȻԺĵıܿң˵㹻ǿ˵Ȼ᳹ҹʧߣҲڒȥ

ƼǱ߸Щ

һ뿪˾ʱͼɥĲ񣬸ο֪Ƽʵûȥá

Ƽôǿϲ

һ⳵Ƶľ˾ڼʻˡٲԥ˾֣ȥȻ½־Ƶ꣬ԽԽã

Ҳʱڴҵĳվ˳ĳ⳵ɿȥʧԽԽԶķ棬

ԭңҲǾ飬ûᡣһҪǿһ죬ҰеĿѶͦȥˣһ»صߡʱףҴûй㣡

;ķɿ쵹ˡ

ͳֻ绰Ƽ𼱣Һܿ͵ɵ绰ͨˣȴû˽ӡ

żˡ

˭֪ԽżԽԸΥһھ˰³ΪһɫᲢۡʵһҲţҶϰΪǶϺüСʱҲǼҳ㷹ȴһҲٵȣֻø˷ѴҴ³

ڣ𷱻С֣½־ƵҲʮӵ·̡

ѡС֣ôʮӵ·̣ҿҲǧﳤңԶ

ǳһҪȥֻȥܿʤ

ǣô½־ƵԽԽǽţԽ¿Ĳʤǡ

Ҳȥ룬һ룬ͻӽŻҡ

ʱ쾹Ȼ˷磬ȻȴƮѩ

Ϸѩְ֪ʱǾͷЩڹ;ϷƯӰ¶ʮˣǲǲڵĽŲԽԽ½־ƵԽԽ

ѾֵԽԽ壬ûбˣֻл谵ĵƹ⣬ҵƮŵѩ

ԶԶĿ½־ƵˣǽڵӣſѹϴǽյϲȴãѰĲҵû߳Ҳû߽ȥƽźɫ۵ӭС㣬ҲӰ

Ҹ˲ԤУҲԽԽˡ

ʱȴ˴ӱ͵߬סҵֱۡ

Ҳ֪ǴͻȻģǰʲôطұľ˿̸Ǳľһ

ҺܿͷӦһƼһڸҸ硣ƼҸѲֹһˡ

ǿŵڷԭ龪һ˵ľϲ

ȴϣǱתֵƼڸʲô

ҿģƼһˣ

찡ǰȻû´Ƽ绰˵Ҫң˵˽ҹٲˣһ

ֻһˣûھƵ꣬ǲڻˣѰƼôˣ

һ˷·վһγ;棬ƣ룬糾ʹͷŭϳ˾ʱҪҡ

ұҪŭʹ࣬ʡƼôˣȴԼʲôҲ˵ʲôѪҺӿ˱Ҳ޷

Ҹȥ߬סҸ첲֣һ߬ס죬Ǵڷ԰Сſ͵һȭȥ

ҵȭͷصĻؿڣҵײҸеԼ߬ȭͷлʹΪҿϴǰҲ޷ĵʹͷŭ

ȴûϴڵأƺûаʹĸоƣ㲵ı飬ҵʹͷŭ̫ʹκʹ޷֮ȣԺԣôܶҵȭͷ޷Ӧ

Ҳƾҽ߬ס졣

Ҫʯ٣ͬھľȻʱҲ߬סҵ졣

òȣûĳЩĵٵȣҲòѡ˻ٵҺԼ

ʵҲʹҸںԼһٵ

ֻޣڻٵҺ֮ǰٵƼĻ껪Ƽô崿ɰòײŴһВûüúֱһˡ

ֻޣһûüԸûüÿɰֿѩõõĳ׵ơ

Ҳģͼȴָѣŭʹĥýһˣֻ־޷

ҲӲƴ繥ġǰΪƼ̲סѿڶ֡Ƽڸʲôʱûа켤ı飬Ϊʱп̫ڷߺ޺ʹУûע⵽һƼ֡ʱֻҪĸǸѱô˵ŮӣʵƼûȥáһʹѪϾѪŨˮϾĶⳤġʹʹҲûжݵȻϢ˵ʵʵ̫ϡҿԳûħצӿ

һûü˵Щ絶ĿɿڴĻģģ

ô˵֮ǰĲ²ֻһ룬˾ȻҪƼȴֱҲûҵȻôص߬סҵ죬Ъ˹ʳȴǴƼٵĻ



101

101



һӾûǰôʹͷߺޣ֣߬ҲЩи

ﷴһϲͼǰת֮ǰΪ߬סҸ첲Ƽʱϲͼ

ûϲɫûаѾϲͼҷʣ˭

̵ֻһ֡

ѩƮҺϣǸ̵ֱѩ䡣

ȻƼʱû£ҾͻΪܵıҪ߹ҵģһҲҪһ֪š

ȻǰʱһûҵĻע⵽Ƽ֣Ҵʱֺαᣬľ

ǸɶŮӣǸںǰŪǷǵŮӣ

ƼǸŪǷǵĿɶŮӣұϸһ˿񶾱΢ЦشҲҿû˼ֵϿյѩѩ䣬ҲҪ¶ȣǲ¶ҲҪྻ粻Ѭģ粻飬ǮȨȣôܾǸŪǷǵĿɶŮʵãôܲеĴǸŮӵǳ޵׷٣

˽߬ס֡

Ҳ߬ס֣ȴֱһ߬ҵ־ʹڣղ治ڲи

ҧгݵŭ㵽˵˵

ѵִҵĺҵ콥ҶٸвʣЩŻһЩ͵ĵȡǡңʲô£ҪʲôͳҡɣҪ˵Ҳ֪֪Ҳָʲô

ҵĻʧȥǣҲ߼˵Ĵ㣬ֻһļƻ¡סҺֲϵı˷ŭʹ࣬˼һĵ㵽˵˵㵽˵˵

ƺʧֻǵ˵Ǽ֣ݣЪ˹

Ǽ֣ȴɮҵͷϵǸķ߶ﲻСҽеϢҵһɰת죬ɺתס

߬ס֣ץøĳ׷ſؿڴ

Ҵûʱ޹ԼԼòˡ

Ҿ󣬸Ƽ

ɿĽֵЩҵѩ

ҵ߽ģûг׾ȴ

ܸһᣬҴһ˵ħצѣһŬԼҲǿǡ

Ҳ֪ǲҶִж죬ҾȻģпֵĹսǣиԶԶڵƻɺ


102

102



·ڰ￴һ˿õĹ·ˮץסһĵݣﶼͻȻϣ

Ȼҵĺһ˵ĵţҵĹţҲǵƻе˺ȣȫûŪ˵һᷢҵģһ룬صʱ

ǸҵľǣҵľǣôôؼʱѩҹߵĽͷ

һǼһǺʵܵסʪʪˮ߸ģҿڿЩˣվڵƻɺǸˡȻһע⵽ˣҲһֱעңҲעһˡ

ֻûǰļҲûϣû˹ҺȻôȻˣľ֪ˣֺαҪαҪִţԼԼĪеϣҼʹھҲʹࡣ

ԶԶվŵĲǱˣ

ûǣһ˳˾ʱǶôʹŭҲûǵʱô߹ңŮӰ㰧ԹʨŭƸӵó֮⣬ȴûҲû̾ϢֻתȥҲˡ

֪һˣѡ˼޸ҶˡʵǰȵģȻһ˱ֵôֱӹԽصİԽǿ̹ģԽʧȥʱľ顣

ʵͷβеĺգǶֻһԸһֱǺҶģһһֻһһڱ档ҶȴûֵúԶҲûһͬôԵվһһߡ

ûһһ߬ҵ죬ĵҵĺԶԶվһ˱һ˿ĵط֪ǺһվһġȻһ˳˾ʱңһʧһ˲ϧҲҪ׷Ƽںδʱôɵĳҵǰ

Ҽţ뿪˾һһֱһһ͸ӰУֻǱһξ룬һ˲ľ롣

һҲҪҵƼֻѡͨһҵƼһȴѡԼ

ԽԽ񣬵һƽôȻȴ޷Ʈһҵݾ޶ԡֻǷߺޣҲϵƼߺޡֻǾϲһ估һܲסƼϲ





103

103



ҺȻֻϢܣƽ˾Ѱʹұ۾ǰֻǲԸһ˷ʹҲԸˡҴû뵽һֱΨһĺ֪ķʽһ˸ҵĽ֡

ұ۾ȫΪ˲ȥʵʱҵ۾ѳױˮûҼʹ۾ҲģʲôҲұ۾Ϊʱ̣ԼһƬԼһʲع˵Ļᡣ

ʣҸȽ鵽׹Ƽʲôˣôõһһ˺ȴҪǣŭҪݲ

ʣǲǴҴӦһʹشˣǲĳ˸ûбİ취ѩ

ڲԼƼȥΣգǲֵ̫

Уһ˵ıûܺ飬ǲǻʵŵԣѩõ׵ƣ

ҲǶȷʵôЩ뷨ҲǰӲٴȥ鷳ޣǸȴҺƼҵľ֮ǰ޴绰Ҳ

еľ׷ױǰһĺ޵ģůģġôˣô£Ҫ˾ôˣô£޷ᡣֻˣЩﶼףʻסҾҪȥˣȴʻס

ҵ裬ҲôʻҲҼѻҵĸΪĻഺЦȻųıӣͿȣǸͶϿŰѳͷĻĻϵĳͷ飬ȴϵĳͷ˷˸СϵĳͷҸġ

΢Ц֣Ҳʱĸ֣ϸϸ˼ô̿红ʱŽŲôȥ

ҵѹȥûҵҵĸףѩ˵ҲѸ״ķǰͻڻ֮ԶŲʱϵ۾

ȴһ˵ǰŭЪ˹ڿͰ͵İ˻ߵĿ

ǰȻͬҴӻþ˻һû۾βǲԸûɿĵҵĺĹҵ졭

ҵʶģ

ֻģĸŮģˣҰɣģˣˡ

ȥôʹ飬ʲôŴŵĹҵϣʪʪģȴѩѩûůů¶ȡ





104

104



ģʶ룬һһ˵ᣬһһˣΪҲƼʹཹˡ

ֻ޷ףʹҲƼֻҪȥҵʱһƽʱĿ¶ô߰ΪʲôʱĹˣȴҪһһϢ˰ôʹ

ҴһƬң޷ȥ˼

Ȼɿҵ죬ڹ˾Դ͵ؽһơ

صĵڵϣһŴӵվţؿڣڵĴĿԡ

ֵҵĴͿУԵÿտˡ

ģҿһѽԶǰϵѱ紵ñȻббѩƮҹɫһƥǣʹ¶

ҿҲڵƻɺԭأڽֵδԶԶĸһʼձôξ룬ҲԶӰУ롭

Ȼپңȴû˿Ȼ鷴ǸأҺȻҵв²Ҳûеִյף޷ǣ޷֪ǵĿġ

Ťͷҿ½־ƵſڣվƼҲ̫ãҲ޷ȥҡһ߸Ū紵ҵĳһãȻĹˡ

ûпһˣûڰһ۾ͿҡһҵĿտĽֵԵ̫ãȻĹ˵۾

ȻôûҿԶԶĴ磬ôˣ

еʻ紵ֶǣҵĿҪ

ЩսľϾһ˺û׵ʧæֱʾ⣬ҪԼȴ̲סȵøˣòְסؿڡ

ҵĿ˼̧ͷҶôϣҲƼôϣҵİʾת߽½־Ƶ꣬Լ

һжҼϣһ㶼ûûԼǼǸӽĴУ磬㡭

ѩҹҵķ裬ǿı硣

ҿԶԶģһվסˡ

ţҲվסˡ

ȻǼͬʱƼתͷ

վûɿı顣

һȴ͵Ƽ¶ʹǣһͷʨӣŭʨӡȳ˾ʱҪŭ

ƼֻûԵ˺£ȫûиоΣյĴڣԷһٶƽ

ȥһ룬ǷһŲӾͲһûлָûа

ƼܵߣסңһΪҴһҾŵ񣬴Ŵеʣ磬ôˣ

һ˵ʲôأһ˾ͿߣȴֻΣƣûаƼԼΣմоҲûУôôôˡ

˫ᣬ鲻ԽĶ

Ƽż׷ʣȴ쵽ҵ˳һҵۣڷԶƽһˡ

磬ǲ˳ӵģ

ʹߣȴûа㵣һ˵ӡ

һûüشĵȥ뿪ΪʲôƫƫתǲѴҸղŵĺҵݣ

Ƽ̫ʹʱˣ˼ȥԼǲѱһʶݣҲûʶԼĴǺεȵΣա

ҡҡͷʹҲ֪ãҲáʳ޵Ļջͷԣֻҵ㱨㣬ȴûע⵽ղŵȫǰ˻ƣϤȥõ

ǰʶƼݣ಻Դץס˫磬ƴҡΣʹŭʣѰҪȽˣΪʲôΪʲô

һֱΪƼǰҵģҲһֱΪƼϳźйϵƼͼԼİ飬Ҳõİ顣

ʹƼΪҲ಻ǰ䲻ңŭ䲻ϳŭĶ⡣ֻݲҶƼıѣǰӳңӲпĴݲҡ٣ƼͲΣˡ

̲סƼҪûҾ͸ʵƼ

ƼҡҡͷûԶˣ

ôȻôԹޣеΣڲˡ

ʹĳĬһȴһ˵ıƽ





105

105



һ˳˹ȴھҪʱ˽ŲĲûϳƼ̤ЬٴȫѹľϲȴϡһǱŭȻֻ΢Щʹ࣬۽ҲۡҲѾõ㲻ôУҲǹ࣬ʾԼϣĥ˵ĿС

˵ʵҲ֪֪֮ԼǵΣҵӢۣܶʱѶϣŮӰųһ̣ԸҪĶ㵽Ǽǳ׵ĻҲҪʱŲ㻺ԽǻʹൣĹԽǳ־á

ôȫûбƼһߵƼǰ棬վһ˺֮䡣

һ˱ƹһԲ԰׵ҷֻһ߬ҴƼǰٴһʿƵһһƵڵء

Ҳȷ磬һģҧҧŬӣڻûе

ղŻҪĶ㵽ʱȴֺȻϣʱڴ̣һϢͻָĻᡣ䲻һǿ׳ûϼѧȴ˸һõҸϢͻָĻᣬҼʹܺһ˿⣬ҲܴƼȫ롣

ҾԼվֱҲסؿڣǰһܵҲҵǸô޴ľٶʱʹ޴£ΪһãϣܶҲȥϾϣܱûϣá

ҷŭĵһˣôʹôޡ

һ˹Ȼ£ٳ֣վй˼ɡҲĺ޺ʹݼ޺ʹҲĺ޺ʹ壬ڼӱݱǾĪƵĻ

۾ƿŭĶƼԭǶ˼ɣתĿꡣϾƼҪҵˡ

ҽŵȻһվƼм䣬ұκʱ֪ԼǶôһǶô޷Ƽȥȫ

һ紵ѩҵϣеʹе䡣ȴʹѣҲҪôʹĳĬҪƼһվȴʹҪȣҲӦҡȻһҪҵƼϾһжģҪȽ飬һ˶Ƽ;˳ޡ

ҵһˣеĶƼҵס뿪ԽԽá

ƼȴҵĻƺ֪һ˾ǳģû뿪ǳ嵽ҵǰ棬ͷһˡ䣬޵ķߺޣоźķĵӡ

ȻƼϾֻǸŮӣһ˸񣬻ʵ

ңƼҲЩ⡣

ǾĪĻȴûƼķߺޡֻĵ˵Щɶ

Ϊ˲һɣ³Ƽֹɳ

һЦҲͿǼٺͿҼȻҵ㣬а취ҵ

Ƽһͷˮ

ȴһͷһôĴߣҲҪҵƼȴƺҺȵĻ£ǣŭҪҪһˡ

ôأĵĸһ˱Ϊʲôȥ˿ԶվڽֵİģȻ޷ʶı顣

Ҹɻ󲻽⣬̲סһˣƼô£Ҫȥҵ˭

ûƼشһ˾ĶҳЦ벻ܿеˣ벻ǵˣԭǸ׳գ׳յһڹ

Ҳ⣬̲סüӣ

ӣȻ͵ָƼӣΪȾͶжʵ⣬ҪΪֻһˡʵǱ˵ӡţʣڹ԰ſϹĸ˵ĳ

һӾͼǸƺǺܵ˾ƺǺܵ˾죬ڹ԰һ˸ƼʱƼϵľǸӵĳ񻹼ǵãһ˵ʱǵĳʧķǴӲйĹ졣

ʱ˵ɾǸˡֻ֪ʱҾͱѩԶԶվ󣬾ʱ֪ԶԶվһΪһ֪ƼǸһ𣬸ΪƼͺȵ¡ѹƼӣѹΪұƼڹ



106

ô˵ƼҲһҪˡҪľǸӡ

ҺȵĻ£ôʹô޵ĳ˾ģϵһıΪҵƼһѲ³Ƽںǰ˵ĻȸҽȻܵĴйأǣŭƼҵƼҪĿģҪͨƼҵǸӣҾʵڲ²ⲻ͸ˡƼϹǸӵĳҲ˵ƼǸӵӣƼǸӵӣǸҺȵĻкθϵ

ɿĥȴžһƼݺݵĸһһ⣡

һĶ⣬ʹĺޡ

һ벻ǰʮŮӣԼôҴԼ⣬һʱˣ۾ֱֱĶƼҲȥʱ˺ָӡգƺ֪ʹ

ƼŴһˣɳźǵģӣǸϺӵӡˣȻҲܣԹԻϺˡ˰ɣ

֪˵ôǸ˵ӡʹǸйϵҲӦǴ顣֮ô˵ֻ̫ʹ̫ޣȿһ˰ĥôϢɫ԰׻ҪʹҪޡϾһ׸磬Ȼһ˾ӡ

ֻôʹôޣȴûһᣬ˪ĶһЦŶˣ˵ˣôأӦôʧŶԣϾˣӶ֪Ϻסַôа취ҴȥҵأȴǷ˾ţ֮ҵҵģôŵĿڵȻҵңһа취Ҵȥҵģ

һѻعҺݺݵƼơ

ƼɳƵټһˣҲرܣôţ˪ı顣֪ǰѳǵʹͺ

ƼסǸơֻžһһƣƼ˪ϣŲðİ

Ƽҧһˣû˵һ仰ûκα飬Ȼ͵תסԼһ˻ʹеҾߡ

ûߣƿƼ֣ߡһһᵽΪֹΪҵϾķ̫ྫûܴﵽԼĿġ

ЩָȻһ˶Կٿʱס׷Ƽ·ΪƼȫ뿪Ӯʱ䡣֪ƼҪΪֵһˣ֮Ҫ뿪ҲҪӡֻ޷̵ʹͺޡʹͺޣٲ࿴һһۡ

£ҲûߣֻǱһˡ

ҺȻ֪Ҫ£ҹˣһղŸһ뿪ڣŪɳ׾ΪȴƼܵһ˸ص˺룬һҲ޷ԭԼ

ȻһȴûǱƽ벽ԼİƣűƼȻһʹƺʲôƺڻ䣬ʹĻ䲻ϼӾ硭

ҲһӾͼˣڴһƴƼùϵʱ龰ڷ԰С￴ƼԼĳǰѪʱ龰ҽƼ޷ҽԺʱ龰

ð죬΢סĴԼղŻĴƼƵ֣̾ϢȻˣҲ߰ɡ˶٣ֺݺݵĵԺòҪټ㣡

Ҽֱţһ˾ưոˡҲȥŪףƼ޲óûı֮ǰܺƼܵǧ֮⡣

Ƽһ뿪

ֻ󷴸ʹ̫ˣ̫ˡ

ףղΪʲôûǱƽΪʲôʹ࣬Ϊʲô׵ľưոˡ

ƼȻȫǳ֮ǰģںһ˵ʱҲһֱɳϾû̥ǣһڸղŵĳʱ򣬲¶̬һ˾̫Ϥһȥá

һ֪ʵøûǰӵŮء

ȻƼֻţȴƺˣӿ˽Ųһ뿪ͷҲأƾһһ˹¶վѩҹյĽͷƾһʹ̾紵ɢ

ûߵ̫ԶȻ̫Ĳ죬Ǵ߽ůڵ½־Ƶꡣ

ʵʱҲرȾơ

˭Ҳ˵ôĬĬȻĬĬͷһ

Щ˵ãһ˵ŪøΣŪøС

ҲˡȻҲôʱ䶼ĬȴȻ̲סѾľƱͣߣ׵ջʹǸӸô£ǲϺֻϺȴƼΪʲôڵ绰˵˽ҹͲأ



107

107į

ƼѱеľһΪԼƣߵҲңҲˡ

˵˸Уȴҡ

ҸӺͿЩţʣƼ׳ʲôˣ

ҵĵǣЦЦȻĵҪţʵҲûʲôҲ˵ͽˣӴ˱и֮ٲȴǰǰĴ棬ȻҲ룬ɩӲˡ

ԭˣԭӽӵĵ绰ֱڣҵеǶǶģԭ˵Ĺ˽ҹٲҾͽи֮ҪԶ롣

Լ̫񾭹һƺ̫նҲŻ֮ͬڴΪƼڵ绰ѻ˵ʲôΣգΪǺһߵĵƤͬҽͲˣϳŰѻ˵ôصġ

һʯͷ˵أԸɣҰͣߵľƱľƱȻһںˣЦƼôƤҪԼ˵ɣҪ˵û飬ˣԼҲģαعڵ绰ѻ˵ôأǾƵģøΪʲôˣװ׵Ϊ㵣ءİɣ˽ҹһңԸҲ㡣

Ծֻ˿ڣ¾ƱƼҲٺȵɣҲˡ

ȻƼţͷһھͰѱľƺ˸⣬ǰ졣ȻԼıƣģɲңֻ͵͵ĵң

Щ΢İԹ

Ҳ죬ƼȻŹ֣ƺӲȡֹʵǻа˼ף۷ʲôҶһǰɲҸҲôѾ˼

ڻǾЩʣƼǲ֮ʲôô;˽ҹҪԶˣô֪Ҫģ粢ûѽ

ҺƼ֮ƺĺһĵˣҿƼ䲻ңȴ۹˸ƺŷԼ˵¶죬ȴҪ

ﷴ㵱Ȼңôأ

֪ĥλشңʱ䣬ȴòæͣʹʲôҲһǵѣҲܸκһˣ˵ҺȵĻ¡οİԹȴôУûа

ҵƼǵģһж

޷˵ȥҲ˵ǶǶκˣҶܽͣǽ͵̫סεģй¶Һȵ˼εģһܼ尾

ƺĥλشңûҲ׵Ľ͡

ҳĬҲ͸ãͲҪҵĽͣһֱңȣҡ

ҲĬٷ߶Ǿ䡰㵱ȻңôأĻ

ϣҲһĬȥȻŹ֣̫ʱҲ²͸˼ҲôЩʱʵڲΪ

Ȼ̧ͷƳĬңĻǲҲﻳңĳȾǲҲǸӣ

ǵĿ˸۾ֱֱıңЩرܣ

Ƽ֮ˣ仰֪ܲǶôģôһ˵ĻͻĴࡣֻǲ֪λشңת˻⡣

ֻֻһִ棬ûгһһ硱һ˵ҲԸ˵ڣɼһǸԹˡ

Īһɺ⣬벻֮ķĿԻԹ֮뵽Ŀҵҵľ˾ˣ֮ĶԹȥյġôƼһأȻҺһˣȻҲΪƼݵܣһһЦʱ򣬲Ҫҵҵľ˾ˣԶź

ܶ飬Ϊһ֮öԹܣҳ˵Ǻ֮⣬ޱİ취

ҴʱֻпЦȻƼ֪Ҵ㣬ΪʲôҪʣ

ҸеЩᣬЩʹ

Ƽ˸ȾƺҲܣҵ۾ƿת̨

ҸϹȥѸʣ߳½־Ƶꡣ

Ȼŷ磬ѩǰøˡ谵Ľֵϣûһ˵ӰӣҲ

ҹԵüȺͿտˡ

˷磬ЩƮƮȻƼǲǣȥס

Ȼת˫ֹסҵĲӣûǰĲ죬ֻ޵ļҡ

Ȼ΢΢۾ᣬͷҪҵĴڵȴ



108

ҲЩҲЩҲҡȡҲֻܾǵȴ°ԼȳɴǧŵĻʯҲĺ촽°ǣʹǸǴշȥѩȾ˳

ûǲңҲˮµĻ롣

Ҳľ飬ֵʮ껪ʱиѧУſڿĽ㣬ôЩѺãǽԵܵܵѺáȻȴ˲ء쾭ǰҲ˷ܲѣܾǸɰĽ㣬ÿһ΢Цر𣬶Ҷڻʵ㡣һֻʱ

ƼյļˮѾȴûнһȡжͷ΢΢˫ۣҪҪȴ

ܶ۽ǵᣬʵֻܰãʼա

ҲҪƱ̫ãȻȣʵĺȴݺӡֵԽãԽʧ

ҵƼؼҡ

õĹ

Ƽû۾ȴֹһ˫ְҵĲӹø

ȻһֱҵΣֻҪһǣһǾ㹻ˡҸֺ˸УЩߣҪˣҾҪɩǰһӡ

ҼƼҸҲƼ˸УĽȴƺǵһΣ벻Ҳ὿ߣȫͬŹ֡峺Ը֪ˣСˡΪؼΪ˱ģȻҪҸ˸еͬʱߴĺ

ȣҲƼֻؼң̫䣬ѩֺ̫ˣûб˼

˭ϡһȥ

Ƽ΢յ˫͵һӾͲ˰㼤ңǱǰԹ޾ȻعҲϵ˫֣תűԶ

֪ҷΣ֪ұǰˣҲܲӿʼڣҶΪá

ѩ裬紵ƮƮǣббıӰôʤȴԵù¶ǿ

Ҳ֪ҹҪȥηǲǴǰǸиӵȴĳ䡣һǰ˵ǸϺѻϺ¼ű˵Ļȥȥ¥յĹޣǰĵεΣԿ



ұת෴ķ㯣콫Һȴϲӣ



109

109

Ҳ֪ҵͷЩûоͷĽֵ˶ãֻ߽԰Сʱ䲻̧ͷֲ֪ʲôʱѩס繴

2046ûеƹĴӣпǧʱҵļңڣòƾҪΪҵļˣȴˡ

Щ䣬ӣֱԼȻ߽ݡҲûůĸо

2046ҲûůĸоҲԵʡƼҵķŲŸոչȥЩйַ׷ױҰ㴭ϢͰĻᡣ룬ҲҸеģǽʱҵ˫۾ʵʱ̫ԶҸ壬ֻǴʱ˫۾ȴĪǰ·޵Թޣ;ô

Ĺţľҵҡ

ˣ

ᣬܰһ

ȣ벻ҹôû˯ûпƣŴվţкңȴûҡ¹ӳϣԵüѩ

վסͷû˵

˵˾ƣĥԼǲǺκܺޣ֪ġҲ̫˽˽òİĵѩϲͬ顣ϣΣҲҪĵӣҪúܿңֻҪѩĲˣһúõĽصߣճɾ

Щʣ˵ȥ

Ҳ繣ںҲҲΪ㲻죬źȾƲôؼңǡ

˵ΪһˣΪƼΪ˫۾ҾʲôҪ

ȴһҲû˵ȥҲҵġҵĵҲֻӹš

ҶĬð죬̾ϢȥϢɣǶûȻһ¡

ȻҵߣҲ߽ѩҡ

ķ磬ķ㴵ҵıǿףЩĪ

ҾǵȥҵʱĹغţҿű龰

룬һû˯һΪѩ¸Ǻ˱ӣѩߣĬĬעѩȻѩߣȴôǣҶǡ

ѩаѩ˿֪ԼĲжΣգһ˯㡣¹ӴӳСϡ

ҲŸҸΣμ贩Ž׵Ļɴһ߽á˫˫ܵǣС֣м䣬κʱҪ۶Ҫԡ

ҲȥȽյţĽҵңּİŹϡ

ҹҲ뿪ƽҹң˸УΣʲôУʲôշת࡭

¶ʮˣǸѩӡҹȻֻѩϾ׷Զɽ˻ѩһƬ£װع,次

洵Ÿķ磬ҺȾлľƵȴЦů

˵ƼҺ˹ЦӯӯףǰͷϣȽɩӡҽ硱

еˣеĳ

һҹƼڽ⿪еǸᣬֽҸˣ

Ź֣峺Ը

ļ磬˵ããһһֱ㣬

ҺЩʡ

ȥ

߹ľƣݸƼҪƼݸҺȡ

ȺҶҪҺȺȽ

ƼתƵݵҺҿϡмᡣҸģЦЦϵ

ҺȶЩ˼ǻ໥˶˾Ƶ֡

ҿһźЦҿѩһſɰСЦҿȺЦûҲ֪ڣ᲻ҲЦҲûһˣǿ϶Ц

ʲôҲ룬Ц֮һʹҰѾһֻһͷȵÿ죬ѩõõƾͿ졣

ȼҺˣҲɬİѾƱݵߡϾŮˣȻĵڶΣȻʱޣǺˡ

ȾҪһѾһһȴ˽û嵽ߣĽкȵ֣ƱҡΣ˵ϣһεᡣ

𶯵ĲֻȣڳÿˣҶŭҲЦ

ңѪۣǼĸʱ˽ͨ¹ʣ·ܵʲô˵ҷ˼ҵĴ򶷡

ȣ㲻ܼ޸ţ

ƺķˣ˵׵ı˶

ԼҲû˵ĵһָңôڶ˭˭ţŵ˭ҺȵĻʲôϵ



110

110

һˣȵһˣϣжͻҵ𰸣ֹǷĳ

קקҵ֣ΪȣƿҲŤͷȥ˫ǰɾȵһˡ

קקңǰЩʣ磬⵽ô£Īǡ

ȴȣƼңԼƺһȣɡ

֪ھȲʲôһΪһҹʹ¶뿪½־ƵǰѩĽֵ뿪֮󣬾ϸϸ˼ãڴʱĳϸ﷢ϳЩطƼ̫ƣͺƼһˣƼáûûšȺǸŵˣֻôϳأй¶ԼأڸһԵʱε㹻˰У֪ţȼ޸ʲôϵأ

ѲپȺͲˣƼԼҵĻҡ룬˵ǸŵӦָƼˣƼ˭ҺȵĻйأ˭ţȾͲܼ޸ң

һһֱҺƼĹϵģǴڰΪμӲչʾƼĻŭ˺һһֱҺƼĹϵǸƼʹҹƼؼң֪İߣƼ׷Ƽ뿪ңƼסݡǰҺƼƵ˼һǵãڶ죬ڹ˾Щͬǰ޺޵ĸһȭȻӴԺ󣬾ҶƼа㹼ͱѣҪ˵ҺƼ֮䷢Щͬһ¼

ȻΪҺƼйܵĹϵôƼȥȽ飿ôܲȣƼţҺйŮϵҵİˡܼ޸һ˻ŵˣ

ʵʹƼǳõɥʧҲֹҺȵĻµġֻǲֱ׳˽ʹࡣҹϵǱѰ˻Ŷֱ׳ƼҪ޸Ҷʹࡣ

ڣƼϳ룬ӦҹھƵǰԶԶҵֵʱΪ֪Զûɳһ˵ʱ˱˼û⣬뿪Ǻ󽥽侲ĺһһĻ

ҺȵĻ¾⵽ƻұ˳ĺȽ飬򣬿ֿɰѩֻܼڸصĲħĥ

ҲקקƼƼһҵ˼վһ˻ûнŽŵʵԼҺ֮νķͬһŮϵڽ¶֮ǰ˵ȻţȴҺȵĻûаϵҴú͸һġ

ֻ˵һ˲ŻšҲֻ˵һ˲Żᱻ׳ֹҺȵĻµĵƣŻ᳹йҲ޷ֱ׳ŻջǶȥ

Ƽ̫ˣֻһɲǵק֣ͺϬǰվվ׼סһˣ˵һС

һѳ˹ȻʱźȻȴۿҲҺȵĻֳûаı飬ֻĮͳӡҹһĮͳӡҲϳƼõӣ

ô˵˵ǸŵˣͲƼ

ңƼҲǰȣˡôҵİʾ˵һ˵赲Ҳˡ

ʵϣȻһ˸ûϳһ˵ǸҲͲ˵ȫûбҪˣһŮӵӣҲ޷赲һ˵ķǰˡ

һǰϵƼĻŶһƼֹڣҳ˸ãȻ⡢ʧ룬˽ŵİ۾ȣƺûбİ취

ҲܽţҸĻ±һƻѩĲòʱĳ׵ơȴúĮĮúޱ飬ƱȴٲûаξٴӱһγûٺȽȴѾƱٵߣһȻ󣬳һĵѾѰΪޣ㲻ҪٷѾĻǰţ

˵ߴ¾Ʊ֡Ҳֻע⵽ˣƱѿգȴǰյø

ҰҲҸȻ˵һʥĵãֻĵġ֪кܶණܿġ

кܶ࣬޷ҸģǺޣ˪ıҿĺޣһ˵ĺޡǰ̫ôܺ޵̫

ǺһˣôǿҵİҿռһˣҶ˼ǵƭܣѩõƣƻ

ңҲǹģúܣҲһ˿жá̾磬ںܶ෽ұ̫Զղ˪ϣһת˲ͿƮϲһ΢Ц

ȴ΢ЦĹ¶㯣ʣΪʲôԽǰԼˣԽǲԼԽֻܸԼ޾ʹࣿ

ʵֺγûĹ¶㯡ֺγһ˰һңֻİһ˵İôаˡɵ֧ˣƼҡ

ұܿȵҿһ沿Ťǰʹ࣬ڲȴ˵һȵ̬ȣȵĻĵһġ

ҺȻһΣ˶ĺޣôЩ

һ˾ֵҲҪˣܿͱǰĳȣҪѹڶﻹû˵ĻɽҪ˺Ҳ˺Լ

ʱûһ˼ǵȥֹ뷽跨ҲҪҺȴһĺܣҲֻôվţȻ۷ŭȴֻԹۡģ֮ҪٳҺȵĽϣҲΪһ̣һ²ؼĿ͡

ǣѩȴȻ˹ȥֻСƴıסһ˵һȡ

һˣôӶֿǰĳһ˵壬㲻ҪƻѰ壬𣿡

Ǽеͯɵ߾ȫҲֻȴôģȥڿޡ

ûпޡ

Ҳޡвμӻıˡ

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ѩһôǿҵݼѪ±ߣ򿴵һҪԾȣҪչ״ʣڷ԰С¥£򿴵ƼһĳµѪۣȻԡοĲԶȴǰӾ硣

ǰ˭ûע⵽˺ԡ

Ȼͻһˣ޶ԣǽľʱȴмվ˳ȻӣȴرܣÿͰ͵һ˷ϵİ߰Ѫ

֪Ƕİڿ˷ĵľ޴־壬վֹһƻҸǰء

ΪһɰֿСŮӶ¸ҵһ˼ʹʯĳҲֹͣǰĽŲ

ȻһȴôĮȻСѩڲˡΪĮȻӷ񽹼ǳǰĵѹֻʨȻ˺Ҳ˺ԼĿǰǿңǿҵûƾ赲ڻһаѩĿͰ͵

һҲͣǰ

ѩıȣ˿Ҳûɣǰ

ѩڿͰ͵İ󣺡壬㲻ҪƻѰ壬𣿡

ǰڿޣʱ޷ټǿ޳Ȼǰıһ˵ȣֱԽˮԽ޷ƣԽǷĳ֡

ȣƺǵһοһĮпᣬҲû뵽һΪ˴ﵽĿģΪ˵õ˺ĵѩҲڲˡҲѩѽüѩͻȻԣԿѩͽҽԺѽ

׾ѩԼһˣûǰĹĮҲû˶ҵĹ飬ʲôҲûУ˴ľãȻԼѩһϧǰҲ֪ȥȥֹ·𿴲ѩ԰׵ɫͱһŵСӣ·ѩͰ͵İ˺ѷεĿ

˳˹ȥһ˵ǰ棬ʣһˣôԴѩֻǸӣĺӡ

ȴ

续һ˳ߺޣѩȴޱϧ

ҲԽǿȥˣڹؼʱԽܹܹ¸ҡǰѩ续鰧Թ续

Ҳ˹ȥΪѩΪ续Ϊ续壬򱧲ƽҲΪ˲续ί

˵һ֪ӣô续źˣʹİտֻǾˮ¡

Ͼ׷󲻵Ҫİ飬ȴӵꡣ룬мˣһˣֶԼΣ

ۺ续ȴȫͬԸˣ罾续ȴˮ顣ôҲŪˣôͳӡֿѡԶҲŪŹֵλأΪʲôƫƫᰮʵĳչ

ҲһļһĶһޱȷŭѩϧ淺죬üȴ续ǰһ˵ĿҲ

ȻǵĿֹȴûﵽԤڵĿģʵ䷴һ˸ӱŭĮȻ޷ԿصĶԿӡ

ƿԼǰ续̧ۣѩŵȣһ赲ݽ棬޼ɵȡ

չ˫ۡҪӵҪӥץС˺顣ͬǣӥֻ˺Էȴ˺ԷͬʱҲ˺Լ

续ڵأûʹֻкޣôʹ͵ǵűһ϶ѩסˮ

۲续һ˵ͬ⧲ȴֻһģûȥڵص续续ѩʹϧȻŤͷһʱȫҧгݵĺޡ

ң֪Ƽһ޿̣Ҫ󼷳ҳ嵽һ˸ǰֹһ˵ķ

ʵʹȥֹҲȥֹ޿̵ĲԼ

˭ٲͺͳĬб˭ɳ䵱һ˼̤ĥѩ˺ȵİסҴʹһ˵ģοѩôɰôİףҽԶҲˡԼ

ңƼûü

һҲûܹ˵ߡ

ѩסһ˴ȵ˫֣һ˾Ҫ˵ʱȻɿ

һ˷ǰĴ϶ѩصĵڵء˫ۣ۽仹ᣬȴʮƽûʹ֣ûа

Ҳؿ䣬͸ˣƽ峺

ֻ԰ף˵ɫһʹȥ

һˣڲȡվϵѩһһͻȻֱ

ҺĻֳȻûûһʵѩһƽǣңǸҶһӱñǰҲĿɿڴò²ؼĿ͡

Ҳֱɫ԰ףտյľƱֻﻬ䣬ڵϷЪ˹ĽкͿ

Ʊڼ֧飬һļžҲȴӽŽֱѡ

ֻֻ֧տյľƱ

ȾŵѩôСİӵȻӵڻʹ˫ֻۣĹˣ¡

Ⱥӿ

һȻֱƾȺҵĴ߾һ·Ѳ

ȲֻĹ˵Ŀͣϣ·ֻңǿҵյĹޡ

ѩʶʹģһرжرҸҪʱԸиģһˣǺܣң

þҶΪҲǱӵˡ

û뵽ȸͲԹҡ

ҲҪǰѩһ˵ĴȣͰ͵İʱôʹйҪĸоȵиҾҪô˵һֱΪĲ뿪ûٰȣԼƭԼ

ٲǰôľҳ嵽ߣӹѩƵ꣬嵽·ߡ

ͼ¹ĳ⳵ѩȥҽԺ

ô⳵Ҵҵȥûһûпˣûһʱй΢ͣ

ԶԶܱҺʲôôʹ

ĻμӻȺҲһڽҺ

ֻǲһ˵ӰӣҲվԭأֱһǲñˣҲԼ

ǼˣʵܾгͣھƵ档

ʱȺǶҺģʵйص¡

ȻҸȥںЩʲôҲ塣ֻд߼۶ĳ

ѩһһð㰲飬ֻɫӲ԰ףһĲ԰ס

Ҳܵȥٵ͵س·һХ˽ҳ

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һģûеôܵأѩһʡ

ҰѩýģͣҸǰĳ

Ŵ򿪣Ӽʻӣŭұ

ҺȻãôұϳҹ龰ҹΪ˻ԵѩҲ¹һ۶ĳӳļʻҲһŭӡ

ͬǣҹӼʻȴĸ磡

ĸ磬ԶұȵĽ׵Ļɴ˽ߵҵոµװȴһɫ԰ףȻԵѩӶ

ҧгݣ϶͸ĺޣصһȭϣȴȫסĳ

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ûע⵽뿪֪뿪ȥ˺δ

ЩμӻȺҶ֪ʲôʱɢȥġɢȥ֮ǰûһ嵽ߣûһʶĸ磬ҵ׺ʲôȴֻѩİΣû˼Ūסɢȥ֮ûиһȥҲ֪ķ

һУȻԵѩҲټǲֻֻеӰС˵ЩɱˣѪеķɫ԰ס佩Ӳӡ

ҺòסԼҳǰһ߬ס죬ҷĺ˵ţ𣿣

챻̫߬ЩֿȲǵͨ졣ǰҪŭֽץס֣߬ʹҪ

ҵûбԽԽֽôͣɫҲɺתס

ôҹ½־ƵƮѩͷĳ龰ֻǴʱҳ䵱˱ʱһˣȴ䵱˱ʱԼ

Ҳ֪ʱôҹʧȥǵһˣҿòһѽ

ʱһʹ࣬ζҹиܡǸԸԼʹǿӵϵˣοĸ磬һԩ޳

ҹһһʧȥǡ

ȻҲ߬ôŰ׾Ǻ쵽ʧȥѪɫҲ֮ˣҲ֪֡ȻҲ᲻֪Խǰ߬ýԽǲ˵ǲѡĺ칿ýģ˵Ҳ޷˵

Ȼһ⣺֣

Ǳþӵ

ǰһĳҲ֪ʲôʱ³ʲôʱߵġ

ûüŤͷȥǲǶұޣȴʹϧҾͱݺݵĴĶ⡣

ѲǵһαˣסʱҵĴǰסȼˣݵķĴǰ

ֻΣҶʱûǰһ**ӡֻΣǰκһδöҪأҪݡ

ֻʹʹҵġӿҵıãİְֺҵһĸȻȴΪ˱ˣ˲̵Ķҡ

ҵ˫鲻ԽĶ

ȪӿǾʹˣѹˡҸ

ΪһǿȡʹĪЩԹҲڶҵͦȵҺԼķȵѩںܵİµõ׵ƣȵһصߣеᣬӴԶֿ

ģԶҲҪ뿪ѽ

ȻҲ뿪ȴĵҪ뿪ңԸҪ˸ĸҪ˸ɩҪ磬ҲҪ뿪ҡ

һҵɽ˺ĲѡɱģһΪǵҵɽ˺ġ

һΪҺȵĻģҺȶûͣܶƭôܲΪأһΪұһ˵Ҷɽ˺ĵ龰Աȣһ絶ʰʹ;һַֿĶԼˣջǱ

ʹˮҽ߬ס֣Ȼûҵ΢ɣͱĸֻһƣұһ޷ټǿȻĵڵء

磬Ŵ׺ݵĵңûңûٸƾͷǼķϳʮ𼱣ܵʱ䡣

ҲתҪϳӵڵϵңİˣҲٿһۡ

Ƕ˳ޣ˼Ҫȥɱȷǧȷ¡һǴӵ˲ϵʹ˲üȻӣ˹ȥ

ĸϳں棬ǰѿš

һץסӵ֣Һ;̫֮ͶԹһôĮӣҲһȹ°Թ޵òԸദҴʱȴ˰ѩǰסһ˵ĴȰһӣ߸磬ƭ磬ֻ̫ʹȽ顣

Ϊ硱ʾǵ飬ͿԸһҲʹĻش

ȻȴһӺݺݵƿҵ֣תüƲƲ죬ǲܰǷŭĵ˭ĸ磿ҴͲǸ硣ûƭ㣬Լû۾֪𣿡

΢ƫƫӣҪ￴ô˵ڳ

ҵ۾ֻľսôˣ





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ҿںŵλϣһȪˮӿˮģҵߡ

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һ⴩ǻɴһϮµģɱǰһŽ׵Ļɴ

֪ľƬƻСĨ˲ӣ֪Ⱦ͸µѪǴʲôط֪ɱʱǰԼԡﻹǷҡ֪˭˭ôֵѪеġ

ֻ֪ڵ׻ûкûϣ§ڻʹְԹΪʲôҪôɵΪʲôҪҶȥ

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ҲʲôҲûܶ˵ʵø˵һ仰

ұʱһУþȫҸ벻Ҳûȥ룬ܵͻ赲صķơҵһصĵ˵ϡ

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Ȼĸȴţ͵طȼ˳ӡ

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ҸоʹҲ˲ȥϵĻҳһδӵ򼱳۶ȥĳ

ûԱ߿Ҳ֪·ߵĸ¥ǲɿĵˣҲ֪·ߵûеɴɵ۾ң۷׷ףǸˣһ۶ȥĳ׷ᣬɵӣһǷˡ

ֻ֪кķҵĴҸоݹǵĺʹ

ĳӣԽԽԶʧ糱ĳ

ųʧķɵɵվţҲ֪վ˶ãھû̱ڵء

Щ˾ôҵȣҶ޶ԡǴƹôӼʻ̽Դһͷŭһûվ뿪

֪ʲôʱһֻС֣ů۵С֡

壬ʦ˵·Σա

Ǹ͵СŮͯɵЩУЩ֡

þȫСǵͨ죬ȴҲҡ

Զ˭ڻǸٸ׶԰ʦؼҡ˵ʦ˵·ΣңҲʦ⡣ֻǣٸ·ΣգôһСĺӣ糱ˮӿĳм䣿һôαֲεʦͷͷǵԼȴúӵİΣڲˡ

ҿҲûķһۣ֪ǻӵٸʦʲôģȴĵ׾Ŀ

СŮûŤͷȥֻ裬壬·ϣʦ˵·Σա

ԭŪˣٸʲô׶԰ʦȴ衣

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ŴҴҵĽŲٸڼǸ

СŮȻ۵ˮʣ壬ô

һ˫峺۾˼򵥵Ĺкɻ

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ٸĻ嵽ߣһ֣Ҫߣŭ㲻Ҫˣ˭嵽·мģһȥ

СŮȴŲȥֻң壬ޣǳȥɣﳵ̫ࡣ

ӷŭˣڻǲɷ˵ˡ߱߿޵裬ǻ壬ʦ˵·мΣա

ұʹӴȻһСŮţнԶ

裬ٵֱʱֵĴ磬ȷ·ͣȰֻңֻ޵ĮӣҲûż¶ĹС

ֱԶСŮڲͣĻͷһ˫۾ί˺͹С

ҺȻѩ򵥡ɰֶµѩ

Ŷѩ

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ѲظŲӣϻҺȾлľƵꡣȴ˲μӻȺľվһһҲûӰȥȺӹȥѩ

ֶòҸľƵ꣬һ壬ЩɢȥĿˣȥ¥յı

ǰҺϲĸоʫδʣԶǡôǷϡ

Ȼʱ˿̣ûа˼ȥȥζĸоȱŨǼҪҳѹıʹ

Ҳ֪Ѫ͸ѱ翪ųʲôطֻܲ³ѩʱļҽԺ

ǼҽԺλرõҽرѩĲ飬ΪѩĸףֹǸְİְ֡

ѩÿβ鷢ȶ͵ǼҽԺÿθѩϺƵˣҲضλȰԨҽ

ûھƵͣ㼱ĸ˳Ѳǰôý޴ȥ׷һ۶ȥĳӡкһ⳵ֱǼϤҽԺ

ٿ죬ҲȲϹǰĳ֡

Ҳ֪ʹཹȴôȻǡ

Ҳ֪ʱΪʲôˣôʱϳ⳵ǰŻԲѵѩվ·߷Ļ֣Ҳûһйͣ˿ˡ

һ·ϣļٵǰܹ㵽ܹѩҲĻҵϣܹ˦ң۶ȥǰ͵ǼҽԺȡ֪ҽԺ̫࣬ƫɰͽǼҽԺϣǶôã

ҽԺڳĹϣҿƼܣ绨ۡǶڽͷң¶ϲɫô˵ǽеҵĵ

ֻȻȺѩӰӡ

ֻҪܺƼǣҾ֪ѩȹȻҽԺ

ǳȥǵǣļ䲡ѩôˣ

ȴסңֵ㵽ôˣѩԵˣôֱڲ

ûھƵ⣬ͳ³ĸʱһĻ޴֪ΪɱجıѩԲѸ˱ʹ

ѩѲǵһΣȻأ׻Ȱмĸյϣ

ȴɱɱֻһΣοʹþ⳹׵ķһУˣңҲԼһѾԼ׷ˣû˻ĿʹһϢϢҲὥ˿ʧ

ңƫƫǲǻ˿һϢҲ֪

Ҳۣ֪߲Ϊο绨͹ذж۷

ҲȴҲҼǰ߾ѩϢ

ҶĺᣬȴӲᶨ赲ôӱܵģҪΪѩİΣڲˣʱȥôòŸԭ˵

绨ʹ۾Ķ۵ѰȥɣڲһԭֻԭҲʹ޷˵ԸԼ¡

ۣвȴ绨һԡ

ҿƼҪ嵽ߣץס˫磬ƴҡѩİΣȴӭ˹ңϧ־Ȼĵ磬ʲôԭжʹ࣬㶼ӦòȺѩԺƵ·Ը㲻Ҫ̫

һ˵꣬;ˣͷҲءȴʹʧ䡣

ҲЩ뷨Ϊ֮ʹ֮࣬ǰȺͲصѩйˡ

ʹΪʹ࣬ʧΪڻȢ˱ΪޡȻȥȴҪϵİҵһϣҪź˿

ۺ绨Ҳ뿪

ҺȻԼֻʹ࣬ԼĹ¶СѵˣȻΪʲôһҪҶȥֲֻѩϢ

Ҫĥ

һпһǲ֪ѡһǲ֪һУǲֻǸһ

ǽԶȥıӰʹ಻⣬жݵãȻʱѩ顣

˭ҵļ磬ŤͷǺܡ

Ҷôޣĵ׺ޣȴֳܱץס죬߬ȥ˵ֻҪҺȽ飬͸ѩ׵ҺѾлˣȻ⣬ȫҺȵԸҲңѩԵôأôվûѩõҽԺ



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ϣʣܾᱻҶѩͬѰĹذжἫȻɣʶҺȽĿġ

ϾҺȸգϾǧټҲҪҺȴһ𣬾ǶȺѩ¶ĸжͬ飬ҶƯжֻŲɸ˵ľ޴ıһıˣ׶Ա˵оֹ

ֻж༱ҲȿڣֻҵĵȴѩһС

ҵĽûĵìܣҲ˲Щ¶˿

ҵļ磬ֵôȰοҵģѩû󰭣Ǳһ˴̼ȣʱԡֻǽԶǰλԱȴǰЩˡҽѸҩûΣգֻҪúõ˯һˡֻʱƣҪ׵ĸȥõҽԺ죬ѩָҾȥϺǱмҺҽԺλ湤ⷽרҡ

Ȼң߹ЩȥĹһ䲡ǰͣ£ҵѩ˯㣬ߡȥǰɡȲףʱرҪ㣬ϾѽΪޣҪúöкͰҾͲˡ

з۾аЦתȥһпѶ޹أǸرõӡ

ǵģӦЦϾıѳɹ˵һ

аЦƺȫΪǾ䡰ҾͲˡʾ

ܶڰʾʲôҲܶҪôȥкͰȣľľֻ־ǰͬǰǵ£ʱȴǼʲôڼ͡

ŵ־ЩҲӦģѩȻʱûΣգȱϾѱŵᡣοδôܵİʾ뵽ЩôԶĻ죿

ʹֻΪǱʶԶҲ޷Ĩȥģáĭİ

߹ŬԼȲĵҲʹࡣ

ȴţѲǽ׵ĻɴҲ֪ʲôʱµģʲôʱҶµ̫硣

ûԹޣȴЩʧ䡣ʵ˵ȻҺĻֻһϷþԼ˵ΪΪѩΪҴǻɴġĺϲŻɴӡ

ң˿ûв죬û۰ôŵֻ泾ͱǼѸɺԵѪʮʹϧȴûп޳ֻý֣ΪҰѳѪøɾ

ȻûʧͱʹֻижҶʱʲôӿ֪ᣬûҲûȿұȥ򲡴˯ѩ

кö໰˵йѩйĲףҪҵĹкͰҵĹкͰǺаЦ֡

죬ȴںʲôҲ˵

ҲҪ˵ǴʱҪ˵˸ұƣϵѩȻСĹţҵ뿪

˼ҳѩˣҹԹԵĸߡ͵͵ʪʪ۾

߹ǳĹڹսǴһƧϢͣ¡һ·ϣ۵۾ֻǱҸԶ޷ʹš

ңȻʶʲôɿҵ֣ĵϾӵĺϼ

ղţ߹ǳĹô˫۵۾ʱ˵Ϣ˼ˡ

ȻŶװס˴ɫز·ôͻҿ߸ߵزھҵһҲд⣬òʱҵš

ܵľţ˽ľ룬ٲˡ

Ƕôʱ˵£ڷ޴ıʵӡȻЩѳΪȥѩʱȫ

ܿʹӼٲҹеʣǸ˾ǲŭĳӣԭ㣬㶯ˣ

һΪǰ泾ǼϻиɺԵѪΪġ

ĵıʹǱʹ糱һҵӿ

绨ҿôǿôΪʹʹ飬Ҳʹ࣬Ҿ㲻ںôԹԼĵʹȣ





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ȻͬǰʱĮիƮȴЩ顣Ȼȥ࣬Ͼͬһ㲻ͬ£ֻǸİˣҲɱ޶ԡοɱȴѳ飬Һöѳ顣

ɱϢһھ𣬱һʹ˺ѷΡ

һΰ𿪣ҵı飬ҵ۾ҧҧ촽ЩҪӿʹȥһҲû˵

ֻޱߵĳĬ

ҲųĬ˺һ̾һ"ңʱһֻѩİΣûй˵϶ͣͱѩϺܵĳҽԺˡ"

ô̾ϢôᣬһƬ۵Ļ꣬ﱻ鴵ڵء

޷õﱻݲУȴǵĻ껹һӾ鲻Լ˵Ȼͷ·֮䣬ˮһζڷݵĿ޳

ȰķҵͷظȥȲȰҲοôĬƾҸˮյˮʪ͸˫֮ʼ½

˿аֻ˫֮ôůôȫ

·صʱ軳ƴ޵档

ͬǣĻ޵Ъ˹Ҳֻίģʱͱʹ

ҿ޵ñȻ΢̧ͷʱȷƿˣŸӴ⾭

۵ˮģҵߣҿǺӵֻǿλһӰӣת˲Ͳˡѵҿǻǻ۰Ķӣ

ٴΰͷȵظ޵øȥֱһα޷ܡ

ҵҲڿ޸ɣЩʹҲƺЩ΢ˮߣǰôصѹԼ

뿪ȵĻվֱӣûͣ¿ȴֻʣʡ

ȻĬȲȰҲοֻң͹УôЩ˺ʧ䡣

͹ҶˣΪʲôʧأĪǣϲһʹĿ޳ģĪԸҰͷ˫֮䣬ʵн

ϾǽѾһȻǳҲɹǷ곡ϷϾΪҺеġ

ĪҲһþϲҴװӣһϲ׵ĻɴֻҵĻþܿͱпʹ飬ֱڻڻþѣΣĪҵ»ɷҵ͹Ѻʹǰͬѻ㣿ֻΪʹ龹ȫѩ˱ܸжҲڻþԽԽҵѩҲѲĸף

ѩ׵İһʥԶġȻҺһ˾ô࣬ҲյõĹޡȻҺھһ񣬵ǳûнֵĻûо֮ǰѾǲһƭܵϷ

ǵģóһӣζõİ簮ѩİڣҶôһĴȴϲңֻǴİҵѩĸסҾҪ˵

ʵǰҲңֻǴʱѲͬʱ˸еر

Ҿ˫Уĺʧ۾ȴҵѩĸһڵȴ

ұȥһĪһǲʧ

ҿԶɽĻѩ֪ʲôʱڣһϦڳеı߼ʻ³

ڶʱʱҶűߵİǽϣĵȴڵٳδ衣

ûٴγڶĻʹ糱һոձˮϴȥһϦӿ

Ϧ޺ãֻǽƻ衣

Ȼȴֻǳ̫ûüԼԼҿ̻ת˲ҪʧϦ»Ҫ졣

ұתûпȣԼֻĵ"Ȼѩʱȫˡ"

ڱң"ѩʱȫˣ;ûҪ£"

û֣ȴƻɣưԹ

ҵһĳȡȴϸϸ˼

ûشֻǼĴ뿪

һ̾ϢҶذᣬ޵ľͰˡ

߳ϢңĿȴã

ǵģҪȥҲҪ¼Ȼӡȴ֪ںηҵĽŲȥδ

ãȻߣصײңȴҲңֻȥ

һģûе

ûͷҲ˲֣ãȻǰ

ʲôߵꤵĹ

ʵˣͷһȴֱֻʣʰ̲סͷȥ뻽ײȴǸĻҲ˵ͼȥˡֱһǸղźײʱϵµġ

ҿǸĽãһµŮʿȻֻıӰȴβסļϵģĴмֱֻڣҲ˿л⣬ǴʱҼѰ

ǸҽƼʱƼϢҾϲȫʧ̬Ůʿֻҵʱ֪ǸΪƼѪƼˣŷš

ǴƼһóײʱסľҽԺŷţҽԺȻԼѪƼ˻

ʱƼпܣеĳĳµȶ˼˼ȴŷţǸͬסһ£ȥϺϼҵӣǺ˾ƺǺ˾ӡ

ȻŷأŷŴʱǲǾƼĳ䣬ĬĬƼҸ˵˼һȣģȴûԹޣ

ʱ֪ʲôط統Ƽһһ˿һϢҶô񵱳ŷŰƼһҪ˵ŷŰ׳Ѫ¾ҵҲǣĸԸ

죬뻽ǸŮʿȴȻֱڣҲ֪֡

Һʣ

ǵһУҲǼסôЩ˵֣мüǵõˣ

üǵõˣǲ

ѴϢҳ̧ͷڻͷ¶Щϲɫ

ΪǶᣬڻת⣬ĺȻ׵ġô֪ʵǸߣԽԽԶŮʿ

ƺҾϲ῿ȻǸŮʿǰͣ£ʧĵ"С㣬ô⣿þˣѩأѩˣ"

ʲôѩˣ

ұʹģһѶһѡ





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ȱһҪ𾪣ҵȻ׶оϲʱò԰ףǸŮʿҪʧ롣

͵ҡ£һЩ

ҳȥһѷסӣȴһƿңǸŮʿ˫ץס˫磬ƴҡΣŭ˻ߵʣ˵ʲôôĻʿѩס

ȻôЩʱҲȫ˵ԭǰĮȴǸƽˡʱ׺ˣȫѩŮʿѩʧٵϢڻϲžһشʵظʧȥǡ

;ʧŮʿŵɵˣôƾƴҡԼһ仰Ҳ˵·ѩĳԭˣԼְѩŪġ

ųӣҾϧţѩʧ⣬ҲضԭȴԲɵġ

ƼסҽԺǴҾһֱΪǸĶָĻʿ

ˣˣҲΪ

ҹȥȣȣſڲֵʱ˵˵Ǻ뷨ҵѩ

ȣҲ˿ֻ֣ޱߵͬϧԼҪѩͻȻʧٵϢƷ裬οѩĸףһòƼǿȴҲˮһƽŮӡ

ɿ˽ץסŮʿ˫֣΢ָЩǣȴΪԼʧ̬ʾǸ⣬ǹ˲ñʾǸ⣬ֻǸ˱ʾǸ⡣ҧҧ촽ŬʹԼǿ򶨣ȴŮʿ

һһϣŮʿԼ࣬ѩʧٵԭǷҵѩȴ̫ܵʱ䡣

˵һû̫ʱԵ飬˵˷ѱ˵ʱ͵ıƺ

οļ٣ʱ˿̶ꡣ

ѩŸոմӽǳصĻȹһΪ֪ڣûȫָҽ˵ĲһһأȥõҽԺ׵ƣҲͲȫָκ˶̫ȴ

ҺƭúܵΣѴӦֻҪѩкתʹѩȥϺ׵ơ

ƽʱʧѩҺҲеĵʹοѩȫϣȴپ̫ĽҪͷ

Ѱѩô̲ݻ

ŮʿȴɵɵģȴľðҲָܻ

Ⱥżʵﲢɣȴ֣ʾԼҪڼҪߴ٣ٰѷŭϡ

Ůʿھøá

Ůʿ򣬿˵ľʧ룬ſ٣ȴ纬˿ʯһ£˵ǡҽרչѩġǿһֱѩߣҲųȥ˵㡭ѩϲĶһʱ򡭡ŹţѩҲڣֻǲˣǸңŵȥˣ㲻ҡǲ뿪ģһûϲţλɫҴҵġŮʿ⡭ʱȻͣ£ȥôߡŶӣɫʹ࣬һ֪ӡұ߳Ҳû߼ʹʮ֮⡭ĹսǴָָȥʱͻصȴѩˡһҼġĴ㣬ֻܡѩǡʲôطȥˡ

ôѣȴڼ˵ȥΪԼ⣬ֻ̫ҺһĽ

ҺȴȥΪԴĻʲôȴͷʲô˿Ҳû֡

ǲܿҲʱĴѰѩûбİ취

ԸѩʱԼڲϣԼǰڻϵһĻԼ߳˲ȴҽԺĳʧ˷

ҺȷͷѰңȻǸʿǰѰʱҽԺĺܶطܶҹΪ˲ÿһ䣬ΪǼжãϣҺȻҪЩطһ顣Ҳֻһ飬ǷѩǾԶȥ

ǸŮʿҲܿѰһҲǸҹĵط

ȽĻѩ֣ԽԽԶôҾͿҪסˮҲѩ֣ʣԽԽԶ

Ҳ֪һطط̫ϤˡľͷǼңƼǴصĳ󣬾ﱻͽȥֱͳġ

ѩֻѩȴֻһˡÿʱֻҪ֪Ҷͽȥͳ֮䣬ڹľսĵȴ

Ҷô￴ѩӭϲңǲǻھƵꣿصƵ걣裬ƻҺĻȴ·

ûѩȴĸ磬ңڹصȥʱ򼱾Ƚյĺ

þӣߣһŵȥ߸Ь͵ذײȥô̶һѾصľҵġ

ĸ磬ǱþӣûпңһǰѩǶûתͷѹ˼ɲñģһɫŵֻרעȼҵĺšҶѩĺֻǶߵķ磬ֻǾȴûͣûǵġ

һȽյĺ棬һһϢڼҵ̨ϣ֪Ľҽȡ

֪ҲˮܵˮѾһУΪʲôҽҪ

ʵĺٺѩ֣Ѳܺ˺ӱʹʱıʹȴѩ޹أȫȻȻɱĺҶȥ

ôϲ벻ڼﱻȣֻҪڱȣ˵ûȻʹһϢҲһ

Ҹл죡ôҽԺȴȻƫƫ͵ҽԺѩƫƫʱĲˣƫƫѰѩĹײ;ӣ֪ǰļﱻȡ

Ȼѩô˺ѷΣԶ߼ǳʱȻߵͬķ򣬵ȴնҵͬһط

Ļɳƣȴ;ӵע⡣

ɫŵڱ˹ңѩ֣ȡ

ǣұ㿴˫޲ðҺ˺۾





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ǳ޵۾Ҹеĺ䣬Ե̶Ǹӵıʹ͵ǡ

ΪǻܻĳŭɽߵĽҺȸߡҲߣʹӵ̬ȶңҲǡԽ˵Խ۰ϵϣ˺úõϾ̫޷ѵԭҶ۰̫١ǹȻĵģһܹ¶ʹ̵࣬ĨɱĭϣݾϧϢɱʽ۰Թ޵˾ȴǲɸĵʵ޷ԭԼ

ǨŭȣȴôĲ̡Ͼ޹ġһеĲңҹ̫࣬ηηβ޷ܲؿƿûиɵģ޹ء

ҵѶϣҵĶĲΣ޹ԼԼ˿µĴˡٲȣܵ޹Ĵˡ

ͱ˵۾ʹԵ죬ǽ͡

ЩʱǶôҪҸˣͲΪҺȾл񣬾ҺİѱᣬͲѡɱ

ȴôʹ࣬ͷǺööҪ˵Ļȴ֪Ӻ˵

ҺúޣԼ߳жȴһδҪͷ˸ǹͷ

ߣңȻѩʧٶʹ飬޵۾ҵǲԩ·խۺ죬ˡ㵱ĳ

ʶ磬ֻңûΪʲôڼĹϡҲᣬ˷ŭĺҶѣֻһ˶Թ

ŤŤͷȽͣ¡Ϊ

Լ̲ס޳ͲʧȥѩʹģʹϼʹʲôҲû˵תĸ硣ʹ񣬲ڴ½⣬ڴҺһȴϢ

ΪǲǷŲ˽˶Թң߰ɣҪҵѩ

ѩһ֣ҵľȻһһĵʹ

ȴֲܷڼ̨ϣһˣԼΣյʱ⡣Ҷ񣬲˿ĸԸĸȥ

һҾҲûУȴĻˡ

վûжȻҵѩҲϧȣһһվԭء

˦ҵ֣벻ʱ㻹ԼԼĶԹ

ȴޱʹԹޣޣ룬һ޷ƵˮŴŵĶ

ˣѩ̲סԼ֡

Ҳû׷ȥûлЩ΢ͷҲûأʹıӰҲȥҲϧ

ҷǰͷת˼ңľսĿȺš

ҲǺѩڲˣźȻ֪Ҫ򿪣Ҫ汻Ƴ

ȶѩĺӲ˻ƣ¶·λһԽԽԶʧ

ȻȽյĺӦ򿪣ȴһҽ

һϵĹˡ

Ű£Űñ׿֣ĳƪС˵Ǹװˣҿֻܿһ˫۾

ֻҪ˫۾㹻ˣ

һ˫ô񣬶ô˷ܼ۾

˫۾Ѻεй¶ˣǸ޷ƵĵϢ

;Ӽ˹ȥҲȲӭ˹

˭ҲûҵĴڡ

ȴ˻ޣĬĬת뿪΢ͣٶȣ׷ʧķ

ǰ׷뿪Ϊ˵ȴϢڣֻҪҽ˫۾Ҿ֪ѶȹΣյʱһûȵӼƳûüһۣòŵȴֻҪѰȫ㹻ܣҲҪ̨ϼʱ⡣

ѰȫҶʲôǣҵģ

ֻѩֻѩİΣұþҵ

ȥÿ죬ȥüȴ˱ĶԻ

ҽôˣ

;Ӽͬʱʧʵ

õģѶȹΣڣֻǻҪСǸ漣ʧȥôѪֱıԵȻͦǸ漣Ҵҽʮ漣

Ҫ˷ܼµԼҲ

ڹĹսǴײǸǰѰȥһŮʿ

ʣѩûҵ

Ҳ뵢ʱ䣬ûлشֻǼĵͷ׼ȥ

ңЩطҹˡ

ʹԶԼȺѩ

һûлشֻǵͷ

ȻͿˣ㲻˵ǺǶȥؼصͬ²쿴ˣûװͷֻڼҪͨװˡЩ̫ͨ࣬ȥֿ죬ЩƵﶼֻһζĸСĻﱧѩҪңһҵѩģһᡭ

Ҳ˵£ֻбʹûڵʡ

ôߵʱ䣬һͣ뿪ĽŲļ̫ѹȻ鶼ѷˣû壬˵ҲĴѩҲô⣬ҲֻǴӳ˯һֲ̫ȣһʱ̰ȥ˱ʲôط

ȻȴѴǸѲֻһѰҹķ˹ߣûңҲûŮʿֻ˻ѩ֣ҪȥһֻѰҹһεķ

һԹˡ

ŮʡĻûͷҴҶȥ

ŮʿѩǱ˱ˣǱɣ

ͣ½ŲתŮʿûа͸ţݺݵĵѩŪ˻𣿻Ҫѩ𣿣

ǰһǵѩİΣʧ̬Ů׺ݵġѩǱ˱ˣǱ˵ĿֻţӲѩƬﳣа˱˺Ʊд

ŮʿǾѩǱ˱˵ĻȴҡҺȻͼǰϢԼȷ֮ʹ޵ñʱһżȻŤͷƺӰŸӴ⾭λһ龰

ٲΪλãȷȷʵʵ¡һ˵ɵΪǸӰߵȷѩ





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͵عȥһסȾ¥ܣＱĵҼˣ˵㻳ݵĿʱƺһźӵˣϢһζң¥ȥˡûü˭֪Ů֮һζȥôæһǱڻĲԼĺӡҲǺӾѩԸҽԺûü뿪

ôһ˵Ҳת¥һǳһŵģҲ˲һСģ¥Ϸિĸ߸ЬͿʹԼ˽ţһĵ¥Ϲȥ

ŮʿҲһԵĸ

תЩ¥ݣҽԺţһֻ߲Ĺˣһ߽ң㿴㻹ϵ𣿡

֪Ǹ˵ļѩˣûлشĲֻ̣Ľʹ

ôشأҲǶ˵ʱֻӰϢǰһζҲ˵Ů֪֮϶ﱧСѩȫһָоһûԼȴȷŲɵĸо

ҵĸоֻұҽԺÿ䣬ʱһãϣԸ˵ģҲҪԼŵеԼˡ

ҲˣϲǸˣϲǸˣǻϲѩ

ҵԼ˵ΣҲܸκѩϢŻʳ޴ȴʹĻ

ȻͲңһˣһˣҽԺ·

·ҽԺٰ׾룬˵ԶýĸӣӸĲţ֯Ůİѩ

һ˵ĳͣ·һߣڼʻ򿪣ȴûѩ

ңǣҿı顣

֪һʹ޵ġ

ʹҵսľѩߵģôѩʱһĳصϵĳڵǿĽ䡣

֪ѩȻǾ˯û۾ɪӣ˵һ˵ıӰСǲѱһϲŻϽǺȴôҲ

һʹޣѶѩ򽫶ѩʲôҲȥ

ʱ˿µʹͳޣֻ¾޵֡

һɾ޵ˣοʹͳޣһ޹Ȱȴħڵĺϡ

ľսңֿһϣĲµòǸϢǰһζıСӰһˣﱧѩôѩ䣬ֻҪѩ䣬ǾͲã̵ֻûͷֻҪѩ䣬һޱɥĲǶаѩȳϣֻһϣ

ϣ˷ܣȴ޷ƵĽš

Ҽĸ󣬱һ˵ĳô죬ô񣬷·ںʱܡ

ǰǱ÷ҲһͻʧȥͻҲ׷أͻǧźޡ

Һܵô죬ǻˣһ׷·ߣҪ·ĳ֮ǰ͵طȼȥˡ

ȥ֮ǰҿı顣Ȼʹ޵ģ죬ȺЩʲôûк

ȴ·˻ߵĳһˣѩ

Ľʹ࣬жˡĳޡ˼ͬҡǣʹ޵ıƽ޵ľ

һ̣·֣ҿǴҲҽԺҽ汻ײһϢƼϣʱ⡣ʱҲı飬ʹ࣬ޣԼǺ죬ޱˡ

Ȳʵĳ˻ߵĺڼôʹ飺һˣѩ

ȥôôǻûüȥķĳʧããĳ

ȵĺ˳

ĶľԸȵĺߺķ磬ģôҲ˦

ȺȻɵˣҲܲסһΣһ

ô೵ߺХôæ飬ûһ˾ͣĹǰİˡ

ð죬Ȳ³һ֣

˵ѩѣңҪһȥ׷һˣȥѩ

һֱΪȲűһ˵ȥ׻йôݵĳɵԺ֪ԼҲһ

һﾪˣʱŴӻżҪһҪȥ׷ѩ

Ҳʱע⵽ǸŮʿ֪ʲôʱѲˡ





120

120

Щ˾ô飬ôĴߺХɵʱȴôѣԶԶľһûп˵ĳ⳵۵ͣ¡˾Ӽʻ̽ԴǣҪȥ

֪Ķ飬ǺȲմֲʣҪЦ˲ãֻǮΪ˿Ӧ֧ǮЩĴ߼۶˾û

ҶЩУҷ˳Ｑɴϵıȴ䲻ȡ

һλͷʣȥ

Ȼ䲻ȣȴǰˣһش𲻳Ļ

еĵƻѵѱ˵ƺ

ããƺǸȥδ׷Ѱһˣ

ҲãȻȴƸ򽹼Ų·˾ǰԽԽã

ҹɫģο¶ʮ˵ҹ껹ûȴǰװǽյϲ

Һȣ˭Ҳûһ˿΢Ц죬ǸովһԼĻ񣬿ǾøȴǣһһѣҪװѹ塣

۾ǰŬڳѰ·Щ˸޺ƣѽֵ׺ã·Ҵҵļ֡û˿ϲֻнŻҺͺ䣬ǿҲ뿴һõĶԽõĶԽݼʹġֻܿһ˵ĳֻҪĳǵǰһ޺˸ĩ֮ҹҪҪá

˾һֱȵָǰȥһпܵĵطȥһ˻վסô޺ƣ¥ѸٵǱƽѸٵĵˣȴûпκһйһ˵˿Ҫ˵ѩ

Ψһܿģʱ⣬

ʱѸٵǱƽѸٵĵ˵ģôκ;ϲͷֻһգֻ޾ıк;

ҵѻ˼㣬ȻҾ˱˷ס

ҹ˾Ѿ뵡ǵ̬ȽǰѺãǼᷳĴ³˵Ҫհˡ

ʵǲԸǵָ£ڴСĵԼƣߣȴΪǣäĿļ׷һ˭Ҳ֪ʲôطĿꡣ

䰮ĻԼǮ֮

ôԸʹ˰ݣ˾˫ôͰͣôʹ

Ȼ˾û˿жȺݺݵĵ۾ңһ˵ӣѵû˵¼ͷ¼βͿˣҪҵĶͷ

Ҳò³

һصĹϳţﳤȥ

ϡ٣û˭ԸΪͣ

ֵԵЩտȻ˸޺ƣԶ֪ʲôطƮĸȺҸ塣

ҷȣõҹɫ·ʶ磬ҸͿ֣ġ

żĳż·ˣҺ鲻ԽĽŲĿ׷

ȻһδľľȴǸʹĽǺ;

˵ʵܾúܾǰҾҵ߹ûоͷ·ȴûˣֻҺĺϲĸоʱܲȥߵԶ

ҲܣҲһеĿҵѩҵþؼңȥᣬҪúõϢ

ȻȴҪȥӴҵĲѣһѾһģĵڵϡ

ôʹǰĵðɣٲȥ㣬ұĺǣߣҲҪҵһˣѩǣ㲻÷ſңҷ㣬پ𡭡

˵ȥ鲻Խᣬұȥ

ȻȴˣİѱָҵӣһΪᣬһʣѰΪʲôΪѩѩ

ŬΪᣬԼȴһҪĳ֪֡ǲѩҲ֪ʹʲôӣ

ҲΪᣬôҲԲɣҶȵˣ˺ȣǶûд죬һˣѩôɰôȰȴҪ޹ĥ

ûסԼҲûסԼǽӵţ˵ҹĽͷţƾˮһηݡ

𣬴ʲôطһԼԼ߶ѩҶԲ㡭

Уһ˵



121

121

ǱԼԼе߶߶̫һ˵Ҳ֪⿴ãʵտĺͷҺȻӵţĿʲôʱ

һ֣Ҿͺȹ˲ԼĵˮûüǶ鲻ԽŤͷȥ

ֻȻӵһ˷ֿ

Ȼһˣ

һڱУԶԶ

ƺǣƺûפ㣬ȻǣȻе߶ѩҶԲ㡭

Ҳ߶̫ãЩɳơ

ûͣˣֲ᲻˶Բѩ£ԶԶıܿ򿴵İȺҽӵȻ

ֻǾù졣

ûü̫࣬ѷſ͵һ˳ȥûüϢȻòظһ˻ҪġƮӣ·𱱷Դһ㣬ͻĽͷҲܷܡ

ҸܷŹһˣ

߶ŶԲѩûѩӰӣѩһѡ

Ȼȴû뵽Ҳ뵽Ҳ뵽ȴŲԸϡ

ΪѩֻǱһ˲ˣΪһ˰ѩҪѩôֻҪĥԼԼһ

Ȼ޵ҧгݣȻ˻ߣһ˺ĻǾ䣺һˣѩ

·ѩĻû⣬·һĻĺޣʹĺѩ

һѲ̫Զܿı飬һʹŭĺ

Ȼֻ̧ͷǣȴͣҲӱܣȻʣ

ֲҪֻҪߣֻҪǲ

ƺѲ֪֪ͣͷ֪תԱߣֻ֪ǰǰ־ûĿĵأֻȥԼʱ䣬ûоͷȥ

ʹմȫȻʶǵ顣

紵ŨݱǵľζﻹŰƿơ

ǰ߶ͰǰƿƵݵ͵غһڡ˳ǰ·ʪһƬȫǾƣûаᡣû

ǰ߶Ⱦƣ·ֻһֻе˶㲻ʶơ

絶ʣȷԼĲ²⡣ʲô͵ӿѪʹ࣬սȭͷ

һסԼ벻ʱһȣҾͻסԼ

˵һߣҲֵܱùҵĹɣɵҶѩĽֶʲôĲ²⡣

ѩΨһϣҲûϣ

Ƚ߬סһ˵죬ƴҡΣƴĺһˣѩ

˭Ҳ

һûκηӦȻʹմȻ߶šѩҶԲ㡱ƾ߬죬ƾƴҡΡ

ֻ챻߬ţɳƣǰƿҲٷͽ

ˣһʹڵͺڳײ

Զǲ֪ʲôطԼԼãĸѳʧ

ʱʹš

һ˵ɫѲ԰ף޷ʹ߶

Ҳ߬һ˵죬ƴҡΣʹŭһˣѩ

ɿ֡

ûзŭƿһˣŭƿһˣֻ֡һȴֺ̱һڵء

ڴڵĴȴȻһʹմ϶߶š

΢˼㣬߶ʲôֻǺĽƽ߶ҲҲȻǾ䣺ѩҶԲ㡭

һγױһ˱İ취ŭҲУֻӣһ˰󣺡ѩңѩң㡭

ɳʹ飬˲

Ȼһˣû˿жлָվӣʹմ۾Ҳңֻǰﻹô߶Ȼǰƿơ߼ͰѾƷŵߣ͵غһڣ˳ʪǰ·

ȴվ׷нԶıӰʹﷴİ󡰻ѩ㻹ѩôɳ΢һת˲ͱ紵ɢ

ʱӦùȥȣٲֻڻ򲻿ظľᣬ̱ڵأʡ

Ҿһ˾ȥжʹմܡѩѾˣԾһ֮븶ۣ

ٲԼҸ߾ٽյȭͷӱ͵

˭˹ӱ͵رסҡ

ܣ㲻

ǸŮʿҲ֪ʲôʱô͵˵ġ

ֻǵǰҽԺ¥ʱڹҺҺȳҽԺʱҲȷǺ棻һڴֶ͵ؼݳ۶ȥһλ㱵ʾ⻹ڻеңһȥ׷ѰһʱȴĵȷȷѾˡ

͵ǰӣ⵽ͻ赲һصˤ

ϾҲһ

ұصѹţ¸߸ߵůزұ

Һѣ߸ߵزҵ᷼޹ءֻǱѹ̫ں

ǰĸ͵˴ֿʼʹĵʹ֮

ŬҪŮʿ·վҲһ˾ǰԽԽԶ

ҳŮʿŭʣΪʲôΪʲôҪ赲ң

ϣŹɣѾԼĥ㹻ʹˣ㲻١

ôжϧһ˶ϧ

ȴٶŭʲôأֻֻ̫ǲ̿һ˶һ˲̡

ҲҪ˵ȥŴ·վ

һʮ֮⣬һ͵شӱ

ŮʿĴӵһΣĴӱסҡ

Һû

߸ߵزҵĺ󱳣ŵ

˵һֻҼǲļӡϴμʱƺʹһˣΪʲôǶҪѩʧ٣һʹϣͣ

˵һˣ

˵һˣ



122

122

һ͵ؼƼסҽԺʱһ˵ȷȥô˵һˣӡһƺʹӦһʵ

ǣ˵ǴһˣȴôҲܹͬ

ôһأѩʧ޹أѾѩôʹմԼİҲϧ̹ĵУҲʶһķ߶ѩҶԲ㡱

ᵥˣ׷ô꣬ȴʧۣ֮λ޸˱ˣ

ûƼסԺһ˵ģҲ˸һʵƼĸ磬˸ҪƼܣһ֪Ƽš

ֻǵڱߵøԶһ˵ıӰʹҡҡͷ˵Ǵȥǵûд

ҵһֱһָߣһֱһּѹֲסĵķŭ

ŭȫһ˶ȫǱһ˱ƳģҲȫǳһ˷

Щ֣޹ϵķŭšȴûɿǰұø·øҾͻĻһصǶҾһ׷ĪĴһҪ޹ж޹

ʱҹƼѪеĲҲ̶õ龰ѩʱп⵽ĸҵӰͷһǰƴصҡΡ³ɺޣȷʵҪƴһ˽˺÷

޷赲ң㼱Կధңһ׷һ˵ȿİһ

һԶȥȵĿధڲˡʲôû˸оֻʹմǰһֱҵĴҲоĺ䡣

ȴŮʿİЩʹʹҵӲЩ

ҲҪĿһǰʧǲ̶Ůʿ̫飬һȵİڲһ㣬İ߷硣

ѹˡ֪ܲʲôѩʧһ޹أѩʧȴﱳ˳صİȻˣһΪҺһǺǾԭܵļ尾ĥ

ıңͷҵļϣҶߣѰ˵ǵģǴѩʧȫҵĴһʱѩǱ˱ˣѩľ̶޹ء

Щʣյҵļϣûͣ١ͣ٣һͣ٣ҾͲٸ˵Ļᡣ

㲻֪ѩˣжѹ຦£۾˿һԵȣȴʱƺʹһ˰մֻ֪߶ѩ㣬ѩһ˵ıӰ˻ƣѩǱ˱ˣѩ˿ܻûüҽԺұ㼱ĸ¥Ҷôϣ˵һжģôϣһ¥ܿǸˣѩǺȡǣûѩҲûֻ··ڼʻʹŭһˣѩȴ͵طȼ뿪ҾЩ죬֪һһʱ벻ֻΪҴҵĿȥӣұһͽĸĳҵ³Ҳ³ȴûﱧѩĵĿĳ۾ѳϸϸһ飬ҲûѩӰһǲʣ˸һҾƵ꣬Ҳ˽ȥԶԶĽֻһһĺȾƣƺ߶ʲôҶЩֱҲ̲סȥϴּ䣬ҳ㲻ֻзԱʰķˡҳƵ꣬㿴ǰ

˵ÿһ仰Ҳжϣһ˵ı̫档ʹЦЦŮʿ㲻ǱƭˣǱ۾ƭˡ

Ұַŵӱҵϣʮֹ⻬ȴݹǵĺϧֻʮָŵſҡ

ҲȻҲһ˵ĳޡ

ֻҪſңȻ׷һˡ

ǷеĴºһƾʱʹմһ֮һӦܵɵƲãڷƲ֮ǰҵԼŭȭͷͷѪˣʵͷ֮ޡ

ȴȻûſңʪ͸ҵļ

ҵֻȻ

һĵӰѸңԶ

Ȼڷ󣬸Ѳˡ

磬ø͡

ľҵҵĲȥҵֻ

£ǴֻˣʲôطѩġѩⲻϢ



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һǱýѩĲ⣬Ҷҵҵֻӡѩȥһ磬ҲһصĻһΣһۡ

ŮʿȻڱıңԣСĵ㡣

֮ңǼҶԵ绰ûӦȴϣȥ绰ҽ绰Ҳͻɢ˾ЩԶȥһ˵ע⣬ĵʹͳҲ֮Ȼ

֮СѷŭңﲻǵССĲаĿģŪɳ׾ʵ䷴

֪ҵӵìܣҵĶЩìܺͶ޹أѺСı䡣

ͳ绰ֻΪұԡ

Ұ½İѵ绰ŵߣ򶨣Աľᵽ˼ȿʲô

ҵȴȻҺԼôһһֹؼʱ򣬲

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˭֣ҲԵҺֻ˵һ֣һЩ֪صܶ¶

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һŮ˵ģЩʶ

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һŬ˼һ鲻Խ̽ʡ

Ƚӵ绰شȴȻǾĻֻǱǰԶЩִ֡

˵Ȳڣѹȴ̲סĿһԵȣʲôͶ˵

ֻޣҲÿһۣȿһۣͲֵ񣻼ֵҵ۾Ͳúͱҵĵ绰Ȼ̧ͷ۾Ⱥ۾ˣҾͲüĻҵıܿ

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ʻϸ˿ֻԵĲһǰһɳơ

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ȴѳ嵽ߣһִֻ˹ȥ

ѵ绰ķŵߣȴֻҳ绰Ǳ˵һ֣Ǳһţµ绰ǱߴǸجġ

绰Ǳ߻ǸŮ˵Ƚӵ绰

ûҵǾ仰֪˵ߴֻȴĪĹִļԼ˼˵Ǿ䡰Ȳڡһ£ǸִֵòΥ

ȵҾǡ

˵ʲôȴźµ˵ɫʹ԰׵ˡ

裡

绰Ǳ˵ľǸŮˣѩǰǸŮ˵Ҫ󣬳ļ;ϲѩûпޡΪ绰ҶߣȴСЩԼ

ҰѶ˹ȥô԰Ѷ˹ȥҲ˵ҺȻ˻񣬵ϾǳֻһûܳɹĻٵϷҺʵֻһԲ޷֮ʵŮԹŮб𣬾ұǸŮʿıţҵҲܵɣҲɾʲô赲ҲûоͿȿôô

ҵĶȹ⻬ָ

ָֻ£Ķ֮䣬Ĳ

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Ǽĺ˴˱ϡ

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ҲȫûǸŮʿûƭǣѩʧٹһ޹ءҲһΪѩ£ȴ˸ѩϢ

ѩǱߵ裬Ѱ壬ŶڸøĿڽаְֲŶԡǲҪңʲôҲûСֻǴһ˯ԼǾлľƵ꣬ǰҲûЩֺȺͿ¿ɺ޵塣һжôʱ̻䣬ҷ˯һůĴϣͷױ̨ϰڷžľӣĻױƷҺǵ˵Ǯ˼ҵŮĹ뷿һѰ壬Ŷǰְ֣ģȴôҲǲұĽǣȴûǵĻشֻ߽Ự곤ǸСǸ̷·͡еĶЦĵˣҵͷǣأǸ곤İ̱ЦҵļңѰ͵ġҴȥβģΪǵĻȻԣҪȥõҽԺ׵ơǰͻȥˡǻбҪæʱĲˣǾȥ˵Ǵ绰Һ裬Ҫ˵Ȼʹ绰ˣ˭֪ĵ绰ȴִͨѰְֻ֡裬ǵ˵ҪȥõҽԺ׵ĻԹ𣿹ֲҼǲôġ裬ģѩһܹԣ¸ҵȥơѩĲˣѩͲٻԣ赣ˡ

ô涮µĺӣô͸Ŀڽҡְ֡ȻеòϰߣȴеҸۣԼĴɣǰοԼ裬Ҫ̫Ϊġ

ѩ֪ԼվǸͲʶҲֻҲԲʶԱġ

Һȶҵĵͷ˵ǣѩ˵ģʱĲˣǾؼҡ

Ƕѩ˵˻ţǲܲ˵ţ˵øһ

ҺﶼӿˮûޣҲѩ֪ڿޣԸаšѩ˵а˿ʶԼΣգδǼ¡һ޳һжķı䡣

绰ǱߣǰǸŮˣƾѩǸ곤Ị̇ƺ˹ѩѩԣҹѺˣúϢɣѵ绰̰ɣл˵

ٿƲסԼʧĳ绰Ǳ߽еѩ

ôʹ·ӴˣҲѩ

紩տĽֵʹĺԶ

绰ǱһŮӵĴЦڸѩ˵ʲôѩ˯ȴֻԼ

ŮӵȥҲĪЩʶ



124

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Ҳƺѩ˵

˵ңԶҲ

ΨһĽŲȻȴװסǸ곤Ůŵ绰ѩǸСŮӸԶķ

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Ͽûˣ԰һ˵ᣬȴ˸ейɱ˵ӿη塣

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ǽ޷סԼſôҪҪڵ绰Ǳ߶˵Щʲôġ

һڵ绰Ǳߣ˵ļٺžȻĹҶϵ绰ġ

ûаѻ˵ܹ꣬˭Ȼɹ˭ʲô塣

һΰֻ˹ȥһһεĲ룬һҲûӡô򣬴Ķֻʾ㲦ĺʱ޷ͨزǱźŲã绰ڷõġ

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ȻţҵĻšҪһ뱯ʹĻС

ҵֻңһѴֻ

Ҿһһ׺飬ҵХХıҲ÷

ҲòҲҪȼڱʹУǻ㱡

ȹȻѣűȻңЩɪ£·ҲңôϦദĵܵܣѻٰɷ򣬶һ

ҺȻÿһѽӵҸеӺõ䣬ҲʹϧȣҪˣαأٴҲӵġ˵Ӧø˲ŶԣϾѩϢʱҲûʲôΣա

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һҲٴ̲סݵĿ޳ǰ·ƴҡڣ뷢йʹ࣬ᡣҵ·ʪ͸ȴ緺ĵĺˮ

þúþãȵĿֻʣʣڹƽ

Ҳֹסˮһıʹྐྵ˺ܶࡣǰĿտֵбڴЩ˸õ޺ƣȴЩڼĽյϲɣȻоŨ䣣Ͼоˡ

ȵļ磬˵ȣǻؼҰɡ

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ʱע⵽ǸŮʿ֪ʲôʱ򲻼ˣһҲںʧӰ

˭ҲûǡĬȻ뿪粢ĴںտĽֵؼҵķ

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ȵͷ˵Ҳǡ

ȻǸԵҡ

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Ҳӿһ˿ϲ̶һ̾

ǽ⣬ҺĻֻһϷҹ2046Ҳˡ

ѩңѱܲΪҺ·

ǳ⣬ͬһѰҺ˫˫ƽ·Ȼˮһӿ˽ȥֵΪǣϲصĴһ㵽ʱɢʱ·Ҳ˿յįӦӰҡ죬ҺҲѩ˯м䣬ҲѩǶµ˯ڸҵҡΣΪƭѩƭܣҶӦ˯ſɵ˴ϣͷĴ조ϲֱӳҹҺһҹߣǱűҲҲ˵һ仰ȴôܹԷתȥԷܹԼתǶ²ű˵˼ǲǺԼһ̫ᣬ̫Ϊ飬Ҳ̫ĸпԼ˵Ļϲ

ڣѩڱ𴦡δȼȴַɣҡ

Ǳ˴ţþúþã˵˾䣺лл㡣

Ȼתţһʧ˽յű

Ҳתҡ

ŹصƣϴȻƣ벻ȴշת࣬˯Ҫ˯ˣֻȴһ𶯣ͬʱ˶Ϣʾ

ִӴͷֻ˰ȡֻĻĹЩۡ



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Ѱ֮ʱŸ㷢ţȴʱߣһڴϢЩҲ֪Ҳ֪̫סֻ㣬Ҷѩް⣬ҪѩȥõҽԺ׵ơֻҪֹһ˵ı˵˭ıʲôҺֵ಻ʶҪҲعʣˣʱҲʱ˵ңġҪȣĺܲס

ҲǺѩôĵĺãҲֻҪֹһ˵ıֹһ˵ıֶֻΣĿġĿģҪǸıʲô

ȴǸı˵ĴڣпܾǺܡǰҾԤеıġֻĻҸȷԼԤС

ǣ浽ѩʲôҪرȽڹȴƫƫҪ͸¶ֲ͸¶̫أҪǸǺܵʲôأǸǺܵ˵ΪʲôҪ޹ѩأĪǣѩǸǺܵ˵йأ

ֻǺûǹ˾֮ǰȶȫİȸǵڶ֪ʲ˭ѽ

Ұ˼⡣

ȻڶҲҪʣһ̲סظǸǲǺܣǺܣʲôıǳĻǳȣֻǳһˣ

ûн¶ıģҲҪ֪ҸͲǺڻҲĳֱǸǺܵˣɲ⣬ɸ˵ı

֪ܣһŬ۾ס˯ȴĻش

Ȼֱڳ˯ȥҲûȵĻظûյҵĶţʱ˵ǰҵĶ˵

ʱ죬֪̫׵ʱ򡣿ǣʱӵ׻жԶأ

ϣǱһ󼱴ٵѵġ

ŵȣЩҵңѰȥҵ˯

Ļ̫ˣֵҸ޷⡣ȻŸոձӳ˯ﳳѣ˯ʣȴ˯޹ء

Ҿ֣޷ǣΪʲôҪôôҵĽ𴲣ȴҪҲ˯Ҫ˯ķ䣡

ҺܳԾҲګƣĪ̫ݼǳ⣿

̲סĵĳʣȣңôˣһ˵Щű߼ʵĻ

ȴشңֻǵͱôˣ죬òã

лҵûʱͣǳⲻ֪ͣ

ΣҶˣֻȴҪȥ˯ܣǼɵĴҵĴΣܰҲóҺ·Ŵ˾Ҹ̿

ҪҵḧĶͷûзգУҵþȥҽԺûУҸȥҽԺ

ʱȴţ̽Ťŵİ֡

ҹ̫̫ƣ룬Ҿֻǰƹȥ˷

ſˣ˽嵽ҵĴǰ

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벻ɴõҪ˵ϴʱôƣ룬ϴʱ˷ܵú˯⣬Ҳһѹ·ֻһڿ㡣

ȻѲǵһο**壬ɺ޵һˣһǻҵץ·ףҴҵİѱסµĲ֡

ȻȴҵڲˣԼҲû㲻˼ǵû˳ȥǱתҰ·ҿ֪ϻŮ֮һ˼ɵĿҸһְֻҵ·ȥڻһֻֽҴӴ

ǰڱ°ֻһ˿ı¶ǰ

ʱһ糿ҴһԼ˵һ졣

ǸӽңԶɴΡҲʱ紵ɢˣҲҲźۼֻ޵Ʈ졣

ոһգ긴һ꣬۰쾭Ĵϲ󱯣糿һϰ߶裬粻䣬һҲϹ

ʱ߰ļͦţߵڿ㶥һ߸ߵ

ĩ峿кķӴ촵˽ȵĳм˿Ʈ**ǰҸеĲǺ䣬û˵޵ݡ



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126



ȴֻǼûôң֪ôһ޷˵ĲݣֻҾʹҴҵȥ

ұţȻλңȴ֪ôūһûô;ֻܾǴҴץҹڴͷϵĳ㣬ס޵ݵĲ֡

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ڴлҵ̲סAƬŮ龰

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˵Ǻ˼ھղܵĶͬǣһǲСһ˵ļƣһȴԼµġ

ҲӦöʱľٶжɣӦúԥϴεҺһԡңȻšˮͷˮĳȥ**ЩҵĶǣĩ峿̫䣬ҹ̫ݼӣûüָþˮݹǵĺ

Ҹģ֮ʧ̬ȫʲôھ˺˾ͿȫԼֻ**Ķ޹ء

Ҳȷûǰݱǵľɢһĵ㡣

ҵһֻ

ҲҪƿԺᣬʱİ

ҲȷʵҪʱ谮ҵḧӶ巢ڵĶͷ

ʧȥˣûУҲܡͶҺлֻһƭܵϷϷݵپҲܼϷǾͲϷˡ

οܵ顣֮ԺȻ˹죬ȫпܾΪʱܵݼ̫һҹǳ⡣

ҪָĶͷһǣǵǰҵ⼱ٵĴ𴲣ȥ˯ʱҵ뷨ҪоĶͷûзա

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ȺȻˣǰģȴˡôȲٿҲԶңŵʼһĺұһξ롣

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һζôңԶľ롣ʮ޵ͬɣ޵ùߣֻԵ˾ֻأյִ

ޱֻ˹̵ĺͼٵżıҲģĵġ

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ſţǺȻҪϡԵҪӣߵûĺ졣

Ȼԭ֮ԿңɵҪAƬҪȥǱߵıӣȻΪҸϡ

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۷ʲô۽˭ȫһй죬ʲôΪ̫ݼĴԲûкͿ쳣ѣֵ˼лҡԽǼлңԽ˵š

ΪԼǰк˼еȴ׷ȥʾǸ⡣ΨһģԸӣѱӸϡ

ȻҲϸ

ұЬડĴȥŵ

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ͣͣһƬ۾ȵ￴һΪǺһҹʱû𴲡

Ҳû˵֪ľȿǼлҵһ˺ߣһԱԵһϷ

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һϷܳˣܱؽƼһŬ׷ѡ

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ȵѩԼҪ˵ҺѰով˻ҪҽԺȹҪҺѰ塭

ѣȴԽԽϸϸǶʱǡôֹסˣ·˺Ļʵڳڡ

ȴǺǡЦʣҪѰ˯һǰİְֺһ

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ŶҲѩԽԽصԭ򣬡˼ֵôȣѩĸ׵ôأ



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Ҵǰٸʵ׹ѩ׵˽ĿǶ˵һôҪԣ˶ѩۣȵİкޡʱ˿ֿ̣ܵѯʣòøӼС

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ŶѩҲûǲҹ˯Ѱķ䣿ܶȵȥ

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ڿܴҺʱŬһĨɬǰӰʱĻңʱôɬǰô޹˼ɵϵſĨ߸ƽ˼ֿɰĺ졣

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һӾ˹ȥߵɳϣڻûü˵֮ǰҵĴסҪܵ졣

벻һ˴󵨣ᵱźܵߺ죬ŻŵĲҿңҲҿܣҪһܿȥȴºܿǰߣǺҸͻ裬ǰװҹйͬܣֻΪѵĶҰư

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Ҳʶһ㣬ҲᵱȡֻŪɳ׾־ȵĻ

Ȼ⣬Ҳƺ߽¥ҵĴȴûʿɶֹ뿪ȣڸо˴߽ӴƬ紺ˮĶȻĴˡ



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ѲǵһˣǸΪһ˹һ˼ھ**ʲôҩҹҾǹˡǴȣǵرǶͷ˶ԷڶԷ̽Ѱ

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Ƭյ촽һ𣬸оۺҸȴ˭ҲûЩԼöԷء

һű˴Ŷ顱

ʱ䣬һǰʱŵһҲôţô顱

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һ仰û˵ȴ˵ȥǵ绰ǱǸšүİѵ绰ҶˣԷ˵ȥ塣

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вɣյʮ·ڣƾˡֻļٵĿźܵĳɿԶȥʧ֮⡣

̵ǵĳڿͨʱ⳵˾ȴҲҲ˺ܵĳһֱǰ׷ԶҲûҵټ

˾ĳʮ·ڸı˷ҪҪȥ·

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ҿû̫˽ֻΪԼǮȴûа塣

ĽѳȥҽԺķ

ҲҪںܵȥ˷ʱ䣬ֻҪģҿǸүı飬Ҵɲؼǰ

ǰҪĻȥ㲡ϵ

ҽԺҵĲ

վڽյĲ⣬κڴϳ˯š

ôȴ̳̫Ѫһõ˼㣬Ҫõĳ˯ߡûҲûʹĻֻ֣̽һƣžͿˡ

ûϡ

Ȼһûü߽ȥûüҪ˵ӣͱ˭ӱ͵һˣ



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ĳ޵۾ϵĵˣûţûл֣ŶŪһʲôͼҴûҪûУûУС

û˵Ǳþӣע⵽ĸ米վűþӣǰ棬ƿĲϣȻת῿ϣ˫ֽűڸ߸ߵǰҡʱԶôԹޣӣŪ񣬽ŵûɱڲ𣿡

֪ңƲңɱû̫Ĺϵܾúܾǰ

ʹҲм⡣

ҲҪĸ͡

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˵׹οǡ׷ĪˣؿƿˣҲȻĸûаաڱþӣΪš

ѩĲûеõƣܶѩȸǲ⣬ҺȽֻǳϷܣȻú֪ܴǸүҪϷݵø棬κ˶˿

ΨˣŲڼӿǵжҲлж֮ǰŪǵıȻȺѩ⣬ȻǽƵΣա

ң˵úܣѩĲκáȻֻҵĽǰǣѩβǺܺǸүҪﵽı߹Ĳɻȱĳ

ܺϽˡүĵ绰ѶȲ˻ɣǱϾֻᣬǲȽͣƾǻۣԼҲܿŪǸŮ˱ѩȵľİţֱڣȶزʶ

ûӣͲˣҲ죬֮ǰǴӾ˾˰ҴؼңһһֱϹ磬һֱΪˣֺαҪأ

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ȻĸΪȻץҵĸ첲ûаɣû˵֡

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޷˵ȥҲ˵ȥСҲס

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ֱҹĻ٣ƳϣҲһҲŲòƣ߽԰߽ݣ߽2046

2046ţûеƹ⣬Ҳûз㣬ȵŰţҿڴǰ̻ʱʱģϡ

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ҵġ顱ľŵ

ȣǧҪ˰ԽڣԽҪѩĲ춼һֲݣԽǶѩ





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ȱҵĻɵˣĹ绰ŭĺѰ𣿣㡭

Ҷ绰֣ʹİȣ˵ɣǲˣֻܰ취ҵѩ

ǹ˵ģ˵ҪȣҪú֪ǵŲѩϢģȵ⣬ȲûлûоĲ߻ʲôѩʧٶҲȫǸĲңûаϵȣңҲֱڶûı

Ǳߵȣ㲻ҪֹѰѰ˵ɡѰǱѩ˭Ҳûϵû˵ĿģΪǮΪҪôſϻѩ

һ˵ô࣬ѲٻȣȴӼе˵ȥ֪Ϊѩѩ

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ҹ˲ǸŮڵ绰ҪҲκˣȶߵĻҲ˲Ҹǰжʹ࣬żൣģͶޡұʹбҪеκһ˽ͣҲõҰѺܶȵĲɳ״֮

û˵ǸŮҪѩȥõҽԺ׵ƣֻ˵Ҫֹһ˵ıҹڽҪͷȻֹ

ܵʲôһˣһ˵ıû˵Ǹ˭Ǹ˵ıʲô

ܵŲ׾õĲ¶ľº͵ǡ

һǹⲻ˵Ǳ߾º͵ǡĺ޷Կصļ٣ҸеһִδйܣҸȷǸŮƵıߵĴڣȷһֱִǸ˵ı

ҲܣһҪӾȸӵ١ٵĵȴгĬڳĬͻȻ˵Ҳ֣˭ıأҺȺ񶼲Բ˭οѩֻǸĺӣǸıҲóҺôѩ˽ȥܣмʶܲܲµǸı˭

ܵҡҡôµóȻӾȣƺ顱

ܿ췢Լʧ̬ŬԼŵҲҲ˼ȻڵóۣûʲôıˣֻǸŮ˵ѣΪԼѩѰҽڡҲ˵Ϊֹʲô˵ıǸ˾һ˰ɣ֪ģĴٵģƺҲֻһˡ

ܺǻۣԾ̾աԼеƵһϣԼǸˣһȥһ˾ԺǸˣɽۻȤиֵʱǲɸ˵Ŀġ

˵ܣ˭Ǳɣ

˵úܼҹ˵ü糿͵͡үͨ绰ʱ֪үǲġ

Ȼȴƴ˵ߣ绰ʹӱıסң˻ߵĴ󺰣ѰҪѩ𣿺ܣܣܱ

ּȪӿҺ޵ҧгݡ

֪ܸһһһκ˱

Ұѵ绰ݸֱʱҲŰѵ绰ݸ֪ѳ˶ᣬڿ΢ġ

ſҵ֣ӹ绰ǱʹཹظǾ䣺ܣܣܱ

õģȣģҲᱨġѰҲҪסǧ𱨾ܴҴҹҵ绰ӱܣٺ˵ȥ˵ȥԼŵٵĺͻᱩ¶Լ֪ͰԼ¶ˣֻǱ¶ȣ¶Ҷѡ

ȻģҪܣٴβܵĵ绰ܵĵ绰ȴ˻ǵһΣĵ绰ΪȶʮСʱֳͨģֱǹ˾ŵһ漣

Ȳ˵Ȼʶң޺޵ҧ촽ҧѪ˻ɿǰҪӿ

Һʹҵȣҽ͡

˭Ҫͣ㻹Ҫʲôŭͬʱݺݵİҵֻˤڵϣýƴ̤绰㺦ѩ

ҿҵֻĽ֧飬ҵҲ֧ˡǿǣԼΪѡֻֻֻҲ

Ҳٶʲô޷ٺԡȻΪѩҲԭ£Ҹڽ¼̤ĺʹһתͳ2046˷԰ϲҹɫ

ȻֵϲҸ޷ܡ

ҹսһĽֵҼǵ߹ֵֵĳһҾƵ꣬һҹڴڵĺȹƣˣһȰĽҸľǮ뿪ȻҽǰѰҵȴһؼҡûҰˣΪҵĽ㡣

Ҳ֪ΪʲôҴʱôȣȴҪȥǼҾƵ꣬ͻȻȾơѵһҪҶЩµĻ䣿ѵ¼ŰԽҵʹŮˣԽҪڻĥң

ǵģھƵһڴڵĺȾʱһȣھƵſѰһؼʱҺޣҰҲʹ

Ҷ£û̧ͷ֪ŮҲ֪Ǽˣֻ֪Ҷ¡

ڴУƣԱƣ

ԩ·խȻһ˵

Һ޺޵̧ͷҿһ棬̨ǱߴǱиŮԱһƿƼ

ŷԱľƣôôרעûҡ

ԱߣŵȴǸŮʡ

СҲûңֻһˣϧĿһˡ

ԱܵһߣհѾƿ򿪣һ˾һѽƿҲñӣƿӣӣڴڵﵹ

Ƶеıڴڵ̵ˣеȴգӣʪ͸·

Сסվƿ֣еĵ㲻ˣôڸûȫָ

һ͵ƿݺݵĺ˭ģ˭Ҫң

С㱻ƵģСĵҡҡֻǡ

е˶ŤͷȥǣŸָ²

ұʹ飬ܣ˵Ӵˣ벻ң޹ء

վҪ뿪Ҳ뿴һˣ뿴СһжֵģҷΪܡ

һȴңҾҪ뿪ʱҡ

ƿȻȴûӣڴڵﵹ

͵վʹı飬죬ҪظǾ䡰ңѩǲĻڣǲֻǱһŮ˱ˣ

ûʣ˸绰

ѵ绰ŵߣԷ˵ʲôֻɵĲʲô˵ʲôѩϢ





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ٹ˲κйѩ⣬սľҵĻشȻҵĻشȷѩǷӶõĵĽѡ

Ǹ绰Ǳߵ˶˵ѩϢˣõŸһͷۺҷѿ˼

߳ңͳˡ

ҲǻңҲС˵ûлָЩģ͸սŵһŮײϡ

ǸŮˣŨױĨһիĻƤƲƲ죬һ˵ıӰƲƲ죬εε޵ģҲﶹ

ȥƼ·ͣһǰĪǣȥഺͿĨ֬۵׺ģ

ƵˣߵСŮһ۾ܿƲ죬Ľεεķŭǹڽһ˳ԼЩ˵

ԼḧŵһҲҽŵӣǷ˾ţ֮Ŷһ٣űסԼᣬûһɫײϡ

ȻƵ˶ӦŤͷɫе£΢¶ĸ߸ߵ˫ϡ



ЩСŮǲмҲΪпԼǼҲǲ˻ʲôġĳ֣ʣǶԼĳ೹׵ʧȥġ

ȻԱ֮ԱǵĳΪȴΪȻһ˫ϸȳߵ쳣ħŤû֦Ҳ˫߻ڵĴ۾Ǵ󵨵Ķеʿĵɨһ顣ҲûɨӴңֻǶԴͥһۣǣûһûԼˣԼһּİʾ

ⲻеľƵ꣬ûбҾƵǰǰƺ̣֮ȴôˣΪһ**

Ȼ**ֺαԼԼܵڱ¶ģŵı¶šΨˣŲУܴﵽԼĿġ

һƲ죬ҲȫȻǹҪԼεε˵۾еûһ˷

ôһ˷أ

ǰһˣͷң飬¹ڲҲɢƳаǰ߰Ըһ˲ţ¹޵ӡһûǮС㣬ͣ͵ı

˴ǰһ˾ݲԼ

һҲʸһˣһҴ˾ҵô

Ȼʱһ˶ԼĻȴšͷҲأû֪ﳰĶԼƲ죬ھƵҹɫҲƵԽȥԽԶˡ

ʱңСҲվĳƵĴţƵһˡ

ҽŵѩǸڵ绰һ˵ѩϢ

СŵģѩһˡϾһҹʤղȴִڴڵĺô࣬ĵӣֻһܴοݹǵĺ硣

ȻھƵſڣǸŵ޵ġȴסҡ

û뵽ȻסǰͳӣһģЩ

СӺסҵӡ

ЦûаǸ⣬ֻǾú棬ֻЦýĹǣ˵ô棿ʶ㡣

˶ҡСҲûſңȥ׷ʹһˡ

룬ڴ֮ͥ£һ㣬˶õ˵ʶ㣬ôһѵľ̬

ҲǷŭ߳ŭ߳ŭ˼㣬׷һˣõѩϢĿ̲ݻʱ䣬ĪеĻɨء

͵ƵڵأûܵĶ˭ʶ㣿

ȻͷҲأ߷߶ȥ

С

ֻЦЦýĹǣûаܵ˺ӣǺǣ㲻ʶңȴʶ㣬Ҳ֪֣һǵãҹǰĦǸŮӽҵľãȴǽ˵İ㡭

㣿ҲҪǵİ㡣ҵİ㣬ҽʲôŮ˵İ㣬Ҷ԰ĦŮı俴İ㣡

ΪľãϧƻҺĻȻȴûиľð֡

˵һ˲ҪõҪҸ

ֻľôĳΪ·˵ˣҵʱֻҪһ·㹻

ӴˣϢ

ÿɺã



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鲻ԽվסҪġŤͷȥ˵ӦǰǰڰĦĽˣôҲ֪ĽҲһҺ

ڻסˣϾǰҪҲҪѩѩ״ĺӣʹٲãҲǿӦԣοѩ˱˵

УͷȥǸϳ𣿱ƵЩİɫŮ֪νСô࣬ϧһ˾Ϊ࣬һ˿ñһҪһ֪ĿеӡǶôõģҲҪԻĿе֪ԭҲȥҹС㣬ӴƲҡ

ûлͷֺԥĳԶ

С󣬶Ҷݵפƺû

Զһվס绰ڶߣһ߳绰ʣ˭˭㾿ѵˣôһ߽ŽĲֻĹˡ

ֲǰƵ꣬ԭǸ˭ڵ绰Լط

ֻҲŽһһŽĴѰңаİ˵ӰӡĪǣ˶Զʲô䣬ĪҪߵֻһˣҺСҲԶԶĸű㲻ϳ

Զվס

СҲͣߡ

֣ôʹһˣûһȥǹԹԵͣߡĪҲһ͸Ǹһ˴绰ʲô˶ǵ˼

һҺС߲һˣҪײһˡ

һֻֻĹˣֻҪҵǴ绰˭ȻײȥĳһʱûзӦûж˫ɽŽĹ˲ֻ̡

СŵôУһˣҪܲƿԼԼΣջһ˵ƽ

͵ؽС߬סӵڻһѵĻᡣҲҪΪһֵ̫˵ʹȥҲ

Ȼǳ͵س嵽һߣȴûײҪײʱ˾ÿþ˵ٶȣԸı˳еķֻԸı䷽㹻ķ򰡡һˣ

ٶȣĳݼľͷҴǰֻڵ￴ʱֻù񫣬ʱʵĳԼǰˣȴľսŵɵһء

Ҳ֪ôһˣΪʲôҪΪľսΪʲôҪΪԼŵɵB

ʱķˣѱһ˾ڵءҲǣ˾ƾԼ߳ĳӮһߵľ룬׻ǲһ˵ӡʹһһҲܣԵ

һ˴ӵҡվӡֻȴڻع۾ٲֻĹˣȥǴ绰ʲôˡ

ǰ棬Զͣ¡

أ˾ҪһûšǸçײ˾ȴǸ֪˾

ȻŻûûһҡεӾ͵غһ£ҡεø֣Լ۾ƵʹԼԴУѩ壡

̬ƺƺǴڹ԰Ļϲ⣬͵͵ĸƼ󣬼ƼһļʻǸƺ˾ֲǺ˾ʱ̬

ǰƺ˵׼Ƶ˶УοƵĳҲ⳵

һ˿ǴĳǶȿ˳˾ûҲȷʻŵǸӡ

˾û򿪳ţûֻǰѼʻҵĳҡ£һֻ֣˵֣ȴϸ⻬ֵֻķԿ˾Ǳһ˵ģ˻ֻ֣˻֣ǱһĻ˻֣ű͵ش򿪣͵¼ӡЩӣװģīٲȻƬĺϵһ˱ΨһͬǣյĲǸƬڶ****ǽӽ߳Ĺˡ

κʱ򶼻ǵӢߴֻɲȻһ˸ûǷҲǹ˲ϰǷʻһֵֻǸˣŸе֣ɫ԰ף㱣ɵѩ壡ѩ壡

ҡεӱںˣʱȴȻǰҪ˾

ߴīǿ׳סһ˽߬ס죬һһݺݵĵѩ

һˣǸһ˴绰ˣҪһʲôѩϢҪһƧĽֵѩ

˭ҪôѩôᶨΪѩʧһйأ

϶ѩʧһйأôҪѩϢһ˳

֪һھƵ꣬ҵ棿

Īǣ϶һ˻װѩϢ߳Ƶ꣬Ӷĵ

Ҳ벻һ˸ѩʧûϵΪѩʧһûаϵĹˡ





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Ҽǰڵ绰ĻǸı˭ʱᵽһҵΪֻҪǸ˵תƵһϣɽۻĿ֣ΪԼʵֲɸ˵ĿӮʱ䡣ǵĵȷȷΪѩһ˸ɵˡɣȻȾĲ߻Ϊһ˻Ϊ˭ѵΪ޸֮ѶϣƸеͬŮ˵Ӳɣ

ҿ϶ָʹīӵľǺˡôһ϶ҲǺܵˡֻǼʻǱһһֻȴǺ֣ܵһֻӵ֣ܵûϵͬƤҲŮ˰Ĺ⻬ϸ塣

ôǸֵӦǺܰˣϺڵ绰ԡүŵһᰲ˲Ǳѩ˭ѩ

ںӦм˵ģǿģҲڵ绰˵ûʲôѡЩҲҲ治ѣֻĳϵǽһ

ǸֵӣӦֻǴִҲܾߣǺܵ˾Ǽ˾

ǸӣƼŲΪ֪ľּпҺ˫˫**԰ʱİõǸĦŮɵķ䣬ֹҺӡ

Ǵڹ˾ſڣҿͺһʱǲǺ˾Цŵͷֻ̬ڡ

ôĻˣǸǺܣһ˳峵еġѩ塱ˡֻǡѩ塱һʲôϵһ˺ԼҪ˾ɲ֣̿

һȻǸīӵʲˣûǲѩϢѼǲǱѩϢճģֻҪ͵Ǹѩ塱ӡƾǸǿ׳ӽ߬ҲҪǸѩ塱ӣ

ʹǸСѩ塱źܣҲҪܣֵĽеֻǡѩ塱֣ûаϵɻ󣬺ܸûڳ

Ǹǿ׳īӱӼŭȴѽһֻĹڵϣֻȭͷһ󣬳һһȭȻ͵һˤ߬һ֣һ˱㡰顱һڵء

Ըһˣȷʵòʲô

һ磬οֱصĻֻˤúԶѸ߸ߵѪӱǿ׺ȻȴƺʹҲѪȥʰˤԶֻֻѵĴӵַƵĽšѩ塱ҡҪӡ

Ǹīٴεסٴκݺݵ߬ס죬߸ߵľȭͷҪ͵ȥ

īӶ˫ֱǰվԱߣ˭Ҳûжֻ侲Ĺ͡ʵڲضһˣ龪ֻȴִǿһˣǸ߬סīһڲʬ⣬һ

ҾôԶԶǣûκ˼άκθǣûпҲûп־壬ûͬҲûޣûԼ

ҽС˫ûûֱ֪ҿСǰ棬嵽һߣӰٴαīػڵصһ˷ڻʹ棬ԼסǻưոݵīʱҲ֪ѳҪȫĻ

Ҳ֪Ϊʲô˵СԼ¼ԼԼĸԸҪǿڶһ˺ãӴһǲҶ޹أȻʱûڳΪһ˳뻢ѨҾ޷ĵܣҲǼīӵİΧС

ǸưոݵīӣץסСĸ첲Ҫһ˱ѩϢ

Сȴƴһ˱ڻԼŭĵˣΪʲôҪ

īӽš

īӶֻĮĹս¶˱кЦЦץסС첲īӽСһŮΡ

ץסС첲īͬǵЦ߳ŭӴС첲С߸ߵľ˰ƣǰһ˸߸ߵľȭͷС˰ơ

һ˺ȻʹҪСѳСģˣ˭Ҫģ˭Ҫˣſң

Ъ˹ŭ񶾡

СҲ¼һ˶ôˣȴɿסһ˵֣ǰɿסһһ˴ԼĻѡֻɫʹ࣬ˮӿ֪Ǹī첲ǰʹһ˷ŭ񶾵ʹġ

ģһ㻹ãԸԼҲҪ㣬ŭ񶾣бЩīӷŭȥ

絶ʣ޲ѱīǱһϼšģⲻ侮ʯʹˮ³Ѹ˵ˮǲĴġо仰ǲƺĲʣˮǵ˻ƺҲԲġ

һûһϺݺݵϼţǸסС첲īӣϧ񣬾ҪѸ߸߾İƺݺݵĴСϣ

ȥӱһ߬סİơ

һ͵תң߳ŭ

īҲٱ˫֣վԱ²ؼЦһУҲ׺ݵĵңʱҪͻ˹ҵҵѪҵƤ

ǻû߬סֵīӾҵ֣ץסҵ죬ǰץסһץסҵ죬ұȶһ˻׺ݵİȭͷҡ

īӲٶˣվԭأһ߱ĥݲеĹ̡

߬סҵī޷Զǿ׳ʱ߬һ˿ɱȣֻñ۾

ˣҸģ㱻ñһ˻ңҲĸԸֻҪŹС

һоȭͷǿķҶͷϮ

ʱ˭ԶԶŭһס֣

ǿȭҶͷǰͻȻʧ

Ҳŵ۾īӵȭͷͣҶǰֻ֮Զ

ûлңҲûջȭͷȭͷͣڿУûȭȴȻǿƺʱԱȻݺݵĵңûɿ߬ŵҵ졣

̣īûܵ飬ǰͷŤ󣬱ñϹϾ

һ˲ҪСҲС񣬸Ƚšѩ塱֣ɫóľֻоʲôҲûС

СȻһˣ·һ˱ʱ⻹󣬻Ҫ׾Թ϶šϵӿɺӡҲһ˲ͬǣһʲôҲûеı飬ʹ£ƺϣ

ԶԶгŴ򿪵ƺ˴ӳ˳

˭ΪʲôҪֹ߬īӻҵȭͷСʹ£ƺϣ

ĪǾǸڼʻһ˴ӳһֵֻӣ

Ȼī߬죬ǽסŤͷȥ

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ҿӵǱվŸˣȴǸǴӳһֵֻӡǸӻڼʻֻϸ⻬ڳϣֻڳϵֵķԿɱǡ

ȻǸվڳߵȴǵģǸմӸʻ߳Ҫƹǹ

ǺܣǰһֱΪǸ˾ԱߵǺܵģԭҴˡ

Ҳ࣬ҲīȴŨŨһֺǰκīӶҪǿ׳ϡ

ֲСԶԶ£Ǳ壬ϣΪֹҵīӣīƺòĻʹȴʹһˣҰϵҲûС

һֺһ߹

˭Ҳû˵ҲЩīǲ˵

һֺߵߣֻһۣǸ߬īԹԵ֣ͣҶǰȭͷҲԹԵ˻ȥ

֪ǿȥôԸѹŶҵŭ

һֺ˭µģҪԸֻһˣֻҪһ˽ѩ

Ǹŭ𣬺ȴӵķ磬ɭɭ˭˶

ǡͷĵķŭѱӰ٣ǻзŭҲ˿ҷ

һֺתС

Сһ˱øӻɪɪֻʹֻ£ϣһֺѰֹֻ˶ԸңڶԸһˣֹԲС

СΪʲôҪҪ˺ô

ܵ͵ȴҴԹ޺ֻ֣ʣ¼ŭһֺ

һֺЦ𣿡Ȼ۾Сһˣ˿ЦҲˣޱһһĶһ˵ѩ

ôϣݵַֿ

Ȼһһ仰Ҳû˵Զĳ

ǸղŲòſҵīʰǰڵϵĹɷĳ嵽һߣģӾͲʰ㣡

ǰȭͷûһݺݵľĹ

ǰһ˵ķŭʹʱǿѹĶҵķŭһϡ

һȥһ˽ôҡ

С񾪽ԼӸһϡ

һ˲ĬٿԶĳƴСϵӣǰЪ˹ӷŭ񶾵ˣ¼ſң˭ҪҵģΪ˭𣿣

ĮϵһֺΪ֮졣

ݺݵľīҧгݣһ˸ͶмĹ

ʱǸ˾ȣ˶һֺҲ

û̽ͷڳϸ⻬⣬ֵķԿɱǡֻ˻ֻ֣Ļ˻ֻ֣еīӣһֺתǱȥˡ

һ˱в죬С񱶸в죬Ҳв졣

Ǹһ˾󣬳Ƕ˲һصĻһͷϡˣܽޣˣҲûܽޣ߼Ǳȥ߼ŭ

һ˵ͷʱѪСӵ˻ߣʹķޡ

㱣˻ԴݺݵĵС񣬵ſңſң

ȴûСˡ

СôܷſأǰǸ׶񼫵īô֣߬߬ǰʹûſ

ο˵֮ء

ѼƾþȫҲѲСֻСԶеѩ壡ѩ壡

޵ҧгݣȴֵֻ̿ĻҲǼǾû

ԶЩīﳤȥת˲ʧĽֵͷ

ſյĳʧķɻ󣬾Ǹ˾ǸƼоӣΪܰ£Ҳһ˳ԶеǸѩ塱ѩ塱ӦǸһֺǸһֺƺǾصˡ

һͷȥôԸһԣжôҵҲͬһǻͷȥı￴Ǹѩ塱˱졣

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ҿˣСҲˣڴϣҲϣת˲ʧķһŮԶԶıŵƹӭɺɺΪǱ·ƹ⣬ҿֻڱƮĳĽġ

ǣҺСϳȡ

ֲǰǸڳ˾ҪȣҪʾǻīϳ뿪ԭǿȡ

ȷţǸ˾ǺƼоӡǴڹ˾⣬ͺܽͷӶʱԶԶĿȣҲҴҵĿ뿪ġ

ֻӾ֣ΪʲôҪôŵıܿȣΪʲôЩīһֺصҲҪ֮ϳһҴҶȥ

һ˻æĵſңſҡ

СſҲСѲ³ȵһ֪ǲҪȿ

СһɿȲվųɺɺȡȻûվסˣԴӻζʱҪ

ԴѪȾ֣ҲǺȻѣεת

Сٹ˲һ˵Ĺ˼ɣǰס

ȻһȴƴƿƾǰѣΣμվҲҪСûСһۣҵֻнȡ

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СһԣӵеĿֻҪĵʱͻ᲻һгȥס

ҲԹ޲Сһ˵ĺֻô

߹ȥϧվСߡ

һ˲ҪȿСȴƫҪϧվСߡҾҪȿĵİ͸ҵֻˤ÷һ̣ҵľҲˡ

ԽԽûߵһߣһ˾˹ȥ߬ס֣ʹĵȣңѩǲǲûǲֻǱʲô˴ҽԺˣ

ûôʹ࣬ҡεôȻûûشһǾѩǲǲûҲûҳʱа˿졣ֻһƣͰѱ߬ŵֳ˳ȻޱĴ߾ҡ

ҹСĿ˿

Сȫûоҿжжܸо·ůļֻôϧʹ¶һˣô޷޲ƽȡ

˵ȣô

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Ȼûֻߵߣ֣ң˵Ѱǻؼҡ

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˺ܾúܾǰҲںҹҲͷǸİȴһʵĽƵҳƵ꣬Ȼҽһؼҵ龰

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ҷְǱ˴˵ֶôġֻٱֻ֣Ҫһ𣬾ͻܿů紺

ʲôҪ˵ʲôҪ˵Ǿţ뿪ȵĿս֡

ֻǰٻͷƺҹ磬ֻҺ

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ģĲȥôᶨȻҪӿŲæӣ

һٱһ˾ͻ̲סͷ

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С񾪽һȥ

ңǰĽŲӴæӻңԵӣʼնͷ



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ļƣǰ̾˿Ⱥ֮䵽׻ЩңŸңֺαҪྴֻǾһʱ˼ǴӺʱֵʲôʱǾͷ

ƺǰִ߹ȵĽͷʱ£ЩЩȻסֻ̧֣뿴ʱ⽫ΰỬĸоϴߡ

ұ㿴ѪʺѪģûüɡ

һ˵ѪһԴڻļǵõʱԴѪȾָ

ȾѪ߬ȵִֺֻ֣ؼҡѪȾȣȾҡ

ҲͬһˣֻѪȵζ

֣Ƽڷ԰ſѪҲѪմԼϣʱӦá

վƣӣҪϴϵѪȴҵһ˵ѪѪ̫ࡣ

ڳҿȣһվ̨ǰ˫עžǰ˫֣

ҲʺѪһ˵Ѫϣ嵭Щʺɫ

ֵ·̨ϣһԵķ⣬΢΢ð

һָҶ̷ʱԼմѪ֣֪һˡ֮ǰȴİһ˺ȵĽͷҿֲȥͷҲأ

һ쳣ںѹһꤵڿҶ˷

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ҸܵĽеȡ

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˵ȥ̷⣬ֱżϵѪûüϴִҴҵ˻ЩϴҺϷ꣬Ȼšˮͷĭ

ϴˮͷҲëֲɣֻ·ϺҵĲ˲̷ȥ˿

һֱûңҿҡʼҲ֪Ҳճһ˵Ѫ

Ҳû˵ҲǶ޷ܣȴþòӳġֻΪϴЩѪ

ĬĬİϴ˫ӣĬĬ߳

ڳſڣҲӭײϡ

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ȻʲôҲ˵ͷԷ

ܺ˵ʲôأ˵ѩһˣֻԼ

ѩһˣڶᣬﶼܡʵϲᣬҲѩһ˳ʱ˿̣ûԼ

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Ҳ֪ôסԼٵĺ˵ƽ䵭ġ

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Ҳ˵Լҡ

ĹŵʱҲİŹϡ

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ڵ绰˵Ҫһ꣬Ȼڵ绰˵ѩ£ҲѱͲ˵ѩʧˣӦüʵȹĺͰο

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ǵģǸֵϲӣӦͬ죬ֻǶǸү

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ҺϳںܱȻһ˫ңţݵӣȻ޷Կصʹ࣬ЩãȻ

һ·ϣܾ˵ЩȿĵĻʱŤͷŷ⾵ǡ

ȵ֣Ǹ

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˹԰Ҳ˿תǸӴĿġ

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ЩפŮҲǳЩŮĽˮ˫ɶԣڣ֪˻硣ˣ԰װ׵Ĺϣðϧˣȴֻˮ֪

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֪ǲҪҿ۾

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ҲźܣʲôӦӦԡ

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ԽȷˣҹǸǣһֻϸ⻬ڳӣǸƼĳ־ӣǴڹ˾ڼʻȺܵӡݲֻǺܵ˾߻ҲɲִкܺͺܱǸ˵ı

ҺȻͿˣںиͣεĵֻͣĲǳˡ

ҪԸȣѩҲƼȻһ˾ӽȣѩãǸӰƼߡ

ôһ룬ȻһľǸ˵ıӸˡ

Ҳټ׷ʣҲټ׷ʡ

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һ̣ҾԼҲֳֵ͵ˡεĵ͡

ƺҲ쵽Լεķʽ̫ͻأеáǺεȽƻˣĪ۾ЦͯܲͨǰȤ棬Ҫ˵ֻҪ˵ƾ粻֮࣬컨׹˵

û˵ĵ绰ˡ

Щ⣬ó绰һĺͯЦݱЩȻ

˼ɣҲӦòȸġȻ˵ûʲôıȥǰȺá

ȻǶǸЦЦ˵˼ҽӸ绰

Ȼһȥߵò֪ʵĺܻš

һǸҪֲҺĵ绰ˣڿ绰͵ɫҪߵԱȥ

Ȳ֪ܵıֻúܶѩһĳߣǸ֪ȤˣתԶܵͤȥ

ûи̫ԶӦȥȣ鼫Ȳã̫Ҫи˹ذοװϹںǰʵӦñֵø档

ҼװܸȤӣȻǰԼװϲΪʲôԼװܸȤأ

οʱܵıӰȥҪܣҪ͵ĵ绰ûüװȤӸõİ취ˡ

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ôʱ绰Ƕߡ

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ٲ˵ƽ䣬·ᴵӵı硣ôе֪

ҵƽҲǺȻϢĵĶоʲôٰϸŤŤȥûſסҲӵ˫֣Ҳûѷ뿪ҵհѺ촽뿪ҵĶ䡣ֻôңĺҲôȼ١

ôĴջ˵ǰ죬ҵȷȺ￴˰㣬ʱһŮ˲һﱧŸСŮСŮ˯㣬һС׾ȥЩӪĲ̬ϾþûˣҺǾϲԶԶĽȻûشҲûŤͷңֻ˺ǸŮȺҴǰһûҼĸϹȥû뵽ȴ߳ȺһɫıǸŮĺͰһֱͣǸ˯СŮƺ˵ʲôΪ̫Զֺᣬûֻ̫ԼԼѩ֣ҹƾǰ㻳ǸСŮ֡ұҪٽаģΪˣһ˸ҵıķˣǸŮŤͷ˿ң԰˵ʲô˳Ҳ˳Ȼǵĳ͵طȼһת۾ʧڳˡʼնûңҲûҸãңٲ˻ͣҺѼ䡣ɣˣǸĸ㻹һ۾Ϳҵ뵽ĹȥӰ˰ǰ;

˵ţ˵ţɫЩȻһĬ˼Ȼһ̾ϢŵȻĦŮģȻһֱԼҪԼҪǸ밴ĦຣȴûһΪ˲Ϊףۡ

Խ˵ԽģҸеһᣬǽһռ»

ļ磬˵ȥɣҲǸкû뿪ǰҿʲôط㡣

ǰοʱ˿̣ѰеļСǸѷȻԶȥ֪ٵӣҲʱҵޡǧգñһʱСҲˡ

ɿ˲Ҳӵ֣תȥҿоӨᡣ

ô뿪ҾǲÿҲֻ֪ǰԼ㿴ڵҡ

ЩЩмкĺܼζҲߡ

Ȼȥû˵ټ

ҿıӰԶȥĪˡ

ȻҪҵʧʱǸкʲôط˳ǣס֡

һ˻ͷΪ̫ңԶģ壬ȴĪľ˿ֵЦ뿪ǰ˵ǸкʱЩЩм

ҲǸкıӰʱҲȻ

ҪҵȣѩĽһĸɿϢ

ҽȺãȻĹˣȴȾڲԶҵһ˫Թʹۡ

ԭûʲô£ֻ㱵뿪ͤӣߵ˱𴦡

һվ˺ܾˣһǸεİ˫ֽĻƹҵĲӣѷҵգѺ촽ҵĶ˵Щʲôȴµõ޷˵ĹŵŤϸ

ǣܻңվߣ





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һˣȻı顣

һҲˣȻôվߣҵȥĺͬ顣

һңֻΪǸҰãû֣ǿ֣Ϊһ¼úһãҲ̫ģҵĵȶһۣǸѩϵΪѩʧٲҺǡıѾõĲ߻Ҹ˵ľİšΪȵľİŹ໳һкβܣΪһ˱ѩ໳һǸֺγܣңҲȷ߹ѩǸڵ绰ǸŮӵ

ȥҶĵȣҽͣһж㿴

Ҳ֪ΪʲôҪĽͣǲֻһǿҺĻֻһϷ𣿼ȻֻһϷҺ˭θɣҲƺûҪᣬˣҲʵûҪԹʹࡣ

ҾǶˣĺܽ

Ҳȷ֪ҾҪںǰǵķ޹ϵݵø档

û˵꣬תˡߵúܼһֱûͣ

ˣҺһŮôȵİӽһˡ

ܣҲҸ

ףΪʲôҪôĸ͡

ǿİԹʹ࣬ҺһŮ˵ȶİԹʹ֪࣬ȻǰºֻһǿҲķޣʵһֱҡ

ζĺȻӿҸУҾ˸ȥ׷ȡ

Ѱ̫ˣôǻֻ»飡

ܷŭң·һذȵĳݲҶȵ˿ѡ

Ҳܣȥ﾿ûжǸɣһչɫԼ¶Լ쵽ʲôѱʼ˲Ρ

ΨΨŵŵͨĵͷ·汳ȣѹӡ

ﰵ룬ҺãֻΪұȣûаǸȵġѩϵ

Ȼ֪ˣȥ׷

ܺҡҪһʼͶƫԼ¶˿ҪþΪȵסҵŮ

ŻȻ򣬼ԼվԭأԶ

ܼȻԼװȵĸףֺγԼװȵɷ

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Ҽȥ׷ȡ

ܽĸ

׷ȣӱץסĸ첲ȥļ˵ȡġûСûжԲ㣬㲻Ҫ˼룬ҽ⡭ͺ𣿡

ûлͷңһֺֻݺݵƿץס첲֣˭ҪͣбҪҽ

ӿۿҧ촽ȻһͣļҴǰ

Һûҽͣҽһ治֪ô˵Ҷ˵ǸҽһŮǡ˵ǸѺ촽ҵĶʵ˵Ĳʲô˵Ĺǰ㣬ѩ£

ûкԣҲԡǺܾͽĸôú֪ѩϢ

ǣĲļҴ뿪ҧ촽ۺˮҵķ޹ϵںǰݵøԼˡ

ҲԼ棬Ūٳ档⼸칲̫ͬʹ࣬ǽı˴ﶼ˶Է

Һǰ棬סȣЦЦȣҪѰˣСڳǳе£ͷβϣҪ̫ϡˣһһ緹ɣϲǶ˵𣿹˹԰ȥ췹극

һ̧ͷ̫Ȼߵλá

ûм뿪ܵȻǻġܵʵֻǽڣֻԼԼһ̨£ʵͷŲҾûҪ뿪ңֻȥ׷

û˵ֻǱȥð׾ϸ۾Ȼ˵ͷ

Щ糺ɫһǺǾ䴲ͷβϵĻЩ˼

Ȼҵȥ췹·ϣûһۣҲû˵һ仰ͺܵĻǲ٣·İһˣѩˡ





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֪ǹģԽ˵Խҡ

ҺȻ֣ԭమĸоá

ҳϣѱĶİִ紵ˡ

Ҳǰκʱ򶼰ҴʱìܣҺȻô򵥣򵥵룬˭˵һ˾ͲͬʱŮأ

˷꣬ҲĮĶңȻҸȴװѹȥ⡣

вõ⣬Цݲõˡ

˵ȴϲ˵ʱ䣬ЦЦȥϴּ䣬ѶڿգȻó

ȻЦˣƺܿġ

ҲЦˣȴȻŴõ⣬Цݲõˡ

ˡ

ҺȸӳĬ

ֱ룬ҲûԷһۣҲ˵һ仰

ʵ̲סվôûȥ

ûȣ˵Ի

Ȼת뿪ȥϴּ䡣

Ҳ֪ûڱңĵطߵúܿ죬쵽ϴּˣȴ˽Ų

ʵ˵ǶԺɣ뿪ϴּġҲҪȿҲҪúܾ쵽

Ȼû߽ϴּ䣬Ҿ˺С绰

Ҳ֪ϴּΪ˰˺ûбˡѵǼԷ˹ͱȥһ㷹ԷϴּҲĶţ

ϴּ˰Ǿܸͨ绰

˰Ҳˡ

ȴ߽ȥ߽ȥЩΪ֪бףøĵؾͱȻױ֡

񣬲ЩƬΡ

ţǵģһŮӣʮ߰䣬úޡ

ûпʼҲûн֡

ʼʱûüʱȴԽԽСҲ޷

ǡһ£Ԥڸ˭˵ǸѽõӺҽġ

Ҳ֪ǵ绰Ǳߵ˭𡰼ʲôҺȻףԭұ濴ģֻҺǸЩ򵥵ᡣͰǸҲңѩϵ

һʼ͵ĵġû뵽ԽǵԽ·ԽҪ

ܵĻſѺ壬ֻͻȻ֣Щ¶ˡ

ԽԽãҸбҪԼصø

Ϣĺ˼Ȼǰص߳·ҲŴԶ

Ȼ߳ĽŲ

ſʱҵͷЦЦȻҲ

ҲµĶЦЦȻ߽ȥûͷҵͷ΢ЦʱҾ͸оǿ򶨡һûʲôҲܻͷһͷͼпܱߡ

߽ϴּ䣬ҲŷԭǽǼ˾ͶôϴּҲôĶšϴּﲻǰ˺ûˣǸûбˡ

С£Ȼϴֳ

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ٷʵûԳʲôرζҵһν˸ߵķꡣ

Եú١Ҳ˵Цʹ˵Ҳű߼ʣʹЦҲȻ

ģѲҸʹࡣ

Ҷôãܶôϲ⣬ȻȴһֱԺмӣȴʱʱȡһٷͺĵôģҡ

ȻҲ֪ڹҡ

ҵĲģȴĲԭ£ںǰġ

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ϴּһĻѲȥܺ໥ζѲһҸֻܵ˶Ժܵᡣ

мҲҺ˴˾ƣҺǰӡҲΪѵľ𱭣ȻȥҺȴڻһԽԽԶ

緹Եúܳ߳ƵʱͷƫûǷִֿȥЩĺĵط

ǳֻǼװҪοɢȵ飬Ҫ̫ǣѩڣҪװοɢȵ飬ҪװҺȵ⣬ڹ԰ǳᡣν࣬Ҳò̫ΰˡ

ȻΰȴЧҺȵĹϵƺûתֻǰȵǿˡ

ҲҪЧ

ҵĵֶ



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ңұ濴ȥȴƽ˺ȶԶ

ֻҲҪܿҵġ

ҷҵģǵȼĺͺܸˣһڷĥǸŮΪʲôҪѩǱȱָʹǸı

ȷڵ绰ǸԼԼûкҸֱӶԻںѩ˯ǰڡ˵㻳ﱧŸĺǽСѩСŮʱҾȷˡֲڵ绰ôϤ

ֻһŮأȻҲʶҵҲ벻˭ʲôط

пܺͰһģӦǸҲõİĦŮȷǸŮӵǸõİĦŮõǸĦŮȥȷ·͡

ҺȻãֻҪ밢йصˣһ֣ͻҴ޾鷳

ǸҲõİĦŮΪҺĻƻҺʹҺ֮Ѻ޷ϣԽԽԶ

죬ǸԳǰڰĦĽõġڹ԰Һȵ˽֡ĿܻѡĳָϵΪҺ͡ѩʧйء

ѵĳҲΪ˰㣬ǹôôԭʶȣֻȲʶģ֪ȾڲԶǹҪȿҺжôܣƻҺȵĻ

ֻǸˣ֪һУҲ֪ȵĻֻǳϷڣܰҳѩǸû뵽ģֱҲ֪ҲԶסֻǸ⡣



ҺȻط԰ʱǻƳϣ̻ˡ

һû¥ֻǰѳСſͣ£ȻҺȵļаЦҪ໥ˣҹʮµһˣµһҪµĿʼӴǷһҪ쳳ҹϣӭ갡

ҺûеͷҲûҡͷֻ˵ҲҪְȻ³ݡ

ܡǺǡЦЦǻûԶ͵ת򼱳۶ȥûһںͣźǵıӰֱ߽ݣҲ뿪

ȥôæǲڳϦ֮ҹҺȣһǸ˵ıйء

ҺûҹӺĽͷһؼʱֲִ硣һǰһ󣬱ž룬ССĵҲվһߡ

ǲľģֻĮı޷ʹĮֻҵġ

߽2046ȻʣұԶҲ̻Ӵ΢ҡ

ʵڲһֵĳϦҹ˹¶ˣĵȡ

ҵðѹ԰¸ҺǸҪѩģϾȻͰû̫ӴŰ㼴ʹٱȣǺǸŮ˺ıҲѩ̫˺

ڹ԰췹꣬ҶܸͣʱܾߡںȥټռŵķֻҺˡٲͣʱأ

վסûлͷĵҪʲôҪ쳳ҹ㲻úܿЦΪǷޣ

Ȼȥҡ

Ƕ⣬ĻȴһңҺķ޹ϵֻǸܵļ

ظĺܵǾ䡰쳳ҹϡĻұ衣ˣΪҪңҪһңȻ󡭡쳳ҹϡ

һŻŵĵ

Ҿ֪㲻վҲûվס

ҲҪҵᣬϺô˵ˣæĿڵǡ

ֻһ˵Ǹǡ־òףⲻڳΪ뷨𣬻ûӦּĵǡֲǡֻҪͣҪ㲻ҺǸڹ԰￴ŮӣҪϺãǷ֮֡֡

Խ˵Խң˰˵쳳ҹϡ֡

˭Ҫͣ㰮˭ú˭ȥʲôϵ

ƺرҺð˵Ǿ䡰쳳ҹϡ

ͷҲûأѵſڡ



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֪ҺѾϾȥԽǾȥԽǻἤŭԽǽͲͷϡ

̾ȣǲ˵ܲô˯˰ɣϾǳϦѽǿӺ𣿴ǰڼÿϦҹҪһ̨Ĵġ

˵˵ţԼЩȥԶҲ׷صʱ⣬Һڼ̨ʮӢĺڰ׵ǰȹ˶ٸȴֵĳϦ֮ҹﲻģֻۿһȣе˵ȥס˿ڣıӰĬ

̻΢Уҿ΢΢Ĳ˲һ֪ˣƺתûУǴţҴҵ˽ȥҪԼɣ

˵ñǰҪûкҪ

ңҪݺݵİŹϡ

һҵĶ˼뵽ѩž۵ĳϦҹѩһҲ˼ģҲһ˼ϾѩôСǴľסʧȥ

ֻ顱һŹˣҲţ¶ʹ档

ţֻǲҿ

ұ˱۾ҲĴ˳

Ļа˼ʲôᣡ

תҵҡ

ҵҾڸڣֻһǽ֮ȴģ

Ȼһûߵңȵֻ

ţӵ绰˭

п޹ĺۼ

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Ȼϲ޷ԿصĲҽŲҴҵҵĴ̨

źŲã绰жϡ

Ҳϲ˼ɣת嵽ȵſڣصļٵţȣţѩѩ绰𣿣

ûңҵҵϲʻ˿˼ʱ˿һֻѩﻹܹ˼õġ

֪ãлҪŵ绰Ǳ˵ҷ˵ɣҾܵȵ绰Ҷϣֻ֪Ҫ绰һҶϣͻϴһҲͨˡ

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šŰ֣ټһƣſˡ

ԭǰֻǰѱᣬȴûаŷʱʵҲŶ룬Ȼӵ뻳һҷݵġȻȴû뵽ûףתȥһι

û뵽ûзšŶʱΪͣҳҵǰһˣصĵڵءҺãŵ֮ǰٵ˫ִֻ֣ذʱлʹطûˡ

Ҵӵϻʹĳ嵽ߡ

ҹ˲øղȻڷǳӵҵҰӿôһҰѶ俿ֻϣϸᷢҵջֻҪռǾҪеһҲһỬպҵ֮们ᡣҲҲҵġֻҶŴͷ׵̻ûѱ˴򼤶ٵĺԷϡ

û뿪Ҳ˾ǸղһôĹԼѼǲôҺվţżơ

ѩǱߵ裬Ͱְְ֣־ңôµѩһ绰͸ĿڽҰְˣֻʱϰ߻裬ξеۣҺö꣬ѽѽѧ￪ʼҪǣѩѩܺõģλ̶ѩһǾѩȥҽԺҪѩѩƵģѩĺʱһھһҸһˣϣͰְһѩȥ԰Ȼһȥϰֺ࣬Ͱְһ°࣬һ԰ѩؼҡ

Ҳ֮ǰ˵ЩףҺֵĻûüѩԽԽˣµҲҪЩǰǸŮ˽ġ

ٲҪѩ˵ȥ㹻֪ѩںܺá

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нŲѩ

ҿƲסֻҴ㣬㵽Ҫʲôңⲻı⣬ǱǸɶŮ˱ȵĺ𣿣

Ҳڿޡ

绰Ǳûлشֻٵĺǲѩĺѩĺʹ٣ҲôأѩǸСĺӡ

֪ŵ绰Ѳѩǰ㡣

ĵŰĻش

ҲҺ绰Ǳ߰ĺһٴء

ȳҵֻң

Ȼʹ֪жҴϵ绰ǱѩĻʱ˿̣ѩҲ˭£ǸѩߵԭйأǸͿла취ѩֻУжʧȥǡ

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ûлشҲȷȻʹĺӼ٣ƺоֶֻڲ

Ҳʹȡ

ҲʹңǲϲȻĶŭ

ҲõǸĦŮ߹ңԴɳƺ˲гҵĵһͰңڰĦԵľߵ޷ᡣһֻǿٰϧģ˺Ȼ˺ңȴΪ

ƺиʣôˣ

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ǸҸֱͨ绰Ů˵

ǸŮ˵ĽŲû߽Ǳߡꡱһѵ绰Ҷˡ

ȵֻŴ˸̻Ȼ

Ҳٲȥ֪ȥҲӣǸŮҲӡǸŮˣػҪΪڷ

ȴֻǱߡι֪绰ѱҶˡ

ϴһһ鲦Ǹ롣ôʹȻǱ߹Ȼûнӣ󻹹˻

ǹ˻Ҳģһ鲦š

ҺȻȺÿҾЩںԼղΪʲôҪôǣҪѩĻҪȥ׷ʰ㣬绰Ǵ󣬲ûаȴӰʳκϢһλĸ׶Ů˼͹кݺݵĸˡ

ĵȣҪˡ

ûң

ҲҪõĲȥȥֻʹ

Ҳ̲סȣҪˣ𣿡ǲĵ绰ģǶѵ绰ػˣ

ҵĺʹҪޡ

ôǸȴűĽͷ

̧ͷңҡ

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ҴȻ˻ɣҺͰĻɡֻҴǰֻں￴

ȻɣҺͰ㣬ǸŮˣıѩ

ѹ絶ʣҵȣ˵

ҲҪ˵˫ֱͷŶ䣬ƴĿ޺ʲôҲҪ˵

ҸʹҵȣΪʲô㶼Ҫţȴң

ȻŶ䣬ȴҵĻҾźܣźôˣ㲻˵ܱģȴҺãѩãԸΪѩǮβǵģҲдǴشƴҪҴһ𣬲ϧٻĿеѩβΪΪҽһҾҸѩҸ֪ȫˣ

ʵ˵ȥֺͣͣ޺޵أ㲻ģȴңѩʲôˣ

ȻָңȵȥҳȥҲҪ㣡

ҽԺĲϣҲ˵ûȻ

Ȼ

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ôʹ飬Ҳ˵ȥֻıţȪӿˮĵںٵͷϣִͷա

һ̣һγ׵׵İˡ

һƴĴҡ

û˿ɡ

Ȼͷҵؿڣݺݵһҧȥ

ȻŲ·һǸеؿĵʹʹĵʹ㲻ʲô

ұøҾôҧš

ȻúðֻǰݺݺݵҧȥҧȥԽҧԽ

ᣬʪʪ͸ǰ½

ȻĵҧҵؿڣƺһʰʵҸʹ

ֻ֪ҪҧˣйˣҵһԹ޾ͻȫɢǵͻعҸƽ

ҺųĬʹĳĬ

ܾúܾãɿݣ촽û뿪ͣؿڵʹ

ʱѲҧǡܣĺ촽ֻһͣ

ˮʪ͸ҵؿڣ¹µĺˮ

ûб۾ȴΣһʹޱҸΡ

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ҰҲҶҲ̶һͻ

Լֺγһأ

ٳܻʱ

ҲֻΪ˽һõΡ

ȵ촽뿪ң֪Ҫ뿪ҵĻ

ɿҽ˫֡

ҵĻ߳û̧ͷңһǲ˼̧ͷҡ

ĬĬſڣİŹϡ

żҸղųʱûаûϣҺˣƺҲûбҪŹϡοҹϦҹбʲô˽ʹС͵Ҳž۵ӹˡ

йصıҪǰҹ⡣

Ȼûаҹ⣬Һ

ţֻǲҪ뿪ֻһַʽңԭҽңҾҹˡ

ҪΪܵĿ絽Ϸ׼

һϷݵùͶ룬еϷֲϷ棬ȻȻҪˮɵļϷˡ

ǶЩӰǡ鵽תŨǰҵֻ̫̫ѩ

תû˵Ҳûпƣֻ̻΢һֻ֣İǰ

ֻĽҵ¿ۣûмٵĺûϴȵ**

Ȼȴζɬࡣ

ϴǻȵ**ҪҲ԰ΣԽԽ

ҲûϴηİҰɳҰڴϡһжڳĬл־ȻĽСҵ·һѹ΢жҾؿ

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һǾҵҵġеĿܡ

ƺˣİҷڴϣȻתȥױ̨

ƽڴϣתȥһҪжղױȻѡ

ûиҲȥ

룬̫ܲǲӦԼ⿪ԼĿ

Ȼһû뿪ױ̨

ұ۾Լĺ

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ֱģʲôĶĻҵؿڣɢ

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Ȼ𽥻ȡ

ǰҧĵطʹҸš

ԭתȥױ̨ûжױѣֻʲôҩҲؿҧˡ

ʧȻиů紺Ķһӿҵȫ

ĺƺڲϼٲҼأҵؿڲôߣʼͣ£ҵؿһҵ

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Ҹȴѡ

֪˶ãڰֻŻŵÿҴӴվ

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Ҫת뿪ױ̨һװΪҲùʲôҩƿӣҪȥŻԭ

ҷӴû뿪ץס˫֣ҵȡ

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Ȼҵıȥƺ֣ûҪĴѣʣʲô

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˺þãкתҲʣȣôˣ

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ȻңԾĺˣ·ܾŵĲʲôװըʲôĹԼ

ҲΪʲô֪Ҳ䣬ȻҿֻǿźȻ޷ģˡ

ʵʲôʱǿأ

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ǿԼֹϵŰ֪Ҫȥȴû

ûлͷһͷһῴȻվԭҵıӰۻ̻ʹ࣬۽ű侧Өᡣ

ĿţĳȥΪŹϡ

Ȼ̾һȻʧȻʧ˼ɻʹࡣ

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ǡѩ塱֣ͻȻû̻ʹ࣬ҲԸٿġ

ѩ壬ѩ嵽Ǹʲôˣ

һ˻ʱ˸ղʱҵﲻͣصҾϷĳ־˵Ƶı飡

ͻȻеһжҴǰˣԶҴǰĻҪ˷룬ҸӲ

ڶ죬ûǸѩӣҸûһʵǱǸѩ͡

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Ҳû𣬸ûشҹôԶң·һиͲ

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ÿε绰ǱߴģǴȥû˽ǲڷֻĺѹػ

ȵ飬ȴһһתȻȻǣѩϾֱڣѩǱҲûκλϢһ쿴ϣ

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벻һˣǺܣֻǸվںܱˣһ͵̧ͷ





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ҿȴԤеκһˡ

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ǽĺóһӣҲûһˣҲû˭ϢҹƧĽֵȺīӣ˼ˡ

һģǸŮʿ

ԽԽع졣ʵǴڴٹ죬ͻȻҵİ칫ңͻȻ뿪ʲôҲû˵ֻʹ޵ҶӣҲǼ顣

ֻǵʱΪҺȵԼıܵ˺ûӡ

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ÿ°࣬ǲ֮ǰͳٳٵ֮

ⲻɵ񼣬в

ҵޣҲڱ߻ʲôȣҲҲı

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ֻǵģҺȸɵ˺ԽԽ԰Σɵ

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֣⻬ϸ壬޹ǣֻŮ˵֡

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һŮ壬ԹԹõҹɫ

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Ǹ˱Ȼƻݣవ绨÷޷֬ۡǾ䡰£뻨

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绨ɿץסҵֵ֣ͷԹ۾˼ӡ

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ףô֪ڸֵʡ

죬ûлش𣬸ӣƲ˼ڡ

ҽŵ벻벶ȸںҸȴһֱڸҡ

ǹģߡ

ѰˣŻŵ̧ͷûǰԹҲǻˣҸûж⣬ֻǡֻǡ

֪ǽţǲ㣬ֲֻ˼ͣ΢ᴵ棬޺ۼ

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Ҷ˶٣Ҳ޷΢Цģ̲ס̾һû㣬㵹ˡ

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绨۾˸ӣȴԵøʣҸ֮ǰ͸ô˵֮ǰͷʹǰˣعˣ

绨ͷ

ʣûз㣬ٳɹŪΪʲô𣿡

ٺܿ죬Լź棬ǽš

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ҺʧҺ绨ôЩŬ׷ˡ

Ҹǲ绨֪һһŪļ绨ģһûʲôµģֻʲôܲҪ֪治㣬룬ֻҪǼȥһŪˮʯġ

绨ҡҡͷȻԹĵûҪȥˣҲȥˣҲҪȥˣôôֻҪҸҾ͡

Щʵ˵ȥ

绨ֻòҲ޷

ȥñֱ۾֪ΪʲôҪܿǡ

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ǵģûиٳɹǸŮˣ绨ҧҧЩ޺޵ĵԼҵġ

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绨ûشңѰԲҽ˵Ļ˵𣿡

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ŵǵģǸŮˣһĦŮ

ԭôع죬ΪǸĦŮǸҲͰõİĦŮ

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ڽǸĦŮȴ޷֡ڻΪ¼΢ģദǺܲʵ飬͵͵

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ǸĦŮң绨Ĳң

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ûҪµȫ綼֪

ҸʱͻȻӰ޵Ůӣסңб۾ŭң㲻øˣҲûãᰮġҵġ

Ҳ֪˭һ֪ǸŮӡЩ£ЩĪ

ȴûֻ뾡Ұ۾𴦣ڴǾãһη壬Һóû뿪

˭Ҳû߽Զһ㣬ҲͷҲأԽԽԶʧ˽ֵĹսǴ

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Һ꾫ʹңҽסҸʹģʹҲŸġǵġ

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һߣҾ̲ס˵ĵĿˡ

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ҵı绨ģҲɵôһ֮ʣǸ¼İĦŮ·һҰĦű¶·ۺ谵ĵƹУſڹˣͷЦôģ

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绨ԽԽͣ͵ͣסʲô֮Իݣ΢

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ҲжǰÿͶʱ䣬ҾܿһССģһһΣָϵΪʲôУȴûС費شңֻԶǷһֱصĻۣȴˡӴˣٲ裬ҲҪˣҸҪ˵Զʱҡ

ڣĸ׵ϣҲһ֪޵ûƭңҶôģôϣ˵ѡҲҪĸףҵĸӦ档ǺܣǸˣҵĹοǰͷȺܻҪªҪҲҪĽҲҪĿȴһˡ

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޵裬

ҽСѰһֱΪȡ֣Ԣĸһʹ࣬ʹ࣬еסĿ֣ԻҪȥѰ

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֪ȥδӣҾһӡҪɷĺҪףΪʺǵˡ

ʱĺӲ꣬ǸӾĸ磬Ǿ

СͷĳֲֹѩĹֲһܴϲҲܴ󱯣ֻûѩĲôء

Ϊ˾ܵκݼܽɳǴûԾ˵ĸǳ¹ȥֱڣɱҲûѾ׻Ҳû߾޷ȷĲǲĪĺˣҲΪֻԼĸǳ¹ݡ

Ϊ費ٿȴĹһ꣬ȻȻİһźԼԻĸ˳裬Ҫתҵ費Ҫǣ͵ˡ

ӴˣԶʧΪֻԶʧˣҵȥҸ֪ҵһʱһ̶ûǹĲ̣ûҸٳĹ뿪

ԳΪһܺõĻңȴңһ𻭱ʣֻ֪ǰҵոһգ긴һꡣ

ֱһ죬ѹΪʲôҪǸŮˣΪʲôǸŮʱͻĵ᣿

˺ԼеĻӴûùʡѲǸµĺӣꡣɣٺĸܡ

֮Եһۿң;ʶһǶʱЩЩиòƵˣģӰӡ

ΨǼСݣٲٵ˵ӦµĻ䡣ֻжûˣûа

һۼңϡԼģ񼡣ֱֻ޵ҵʱ϶Ҿĺӡ

ڣ޵ôҵģȴΪҺǳδܾеĻ񡣹ֲã죬һԶȥĳӣôĵôܣôܣԭǿһϳĸ׵ıӰֻǱӰĪĳּǰһȴѲǾʱģδϡûаݣϳΣμǸӰǸӰҸ׵ıӰص̲סƾŶǸƺŵģ䣬ҵɶҵļҡ

ֲãһμʱı飬ֲҰŽǼСסޣֲһ߽ǼСݾͷ·صԼʱļңֲԽԽķҺ

ԭҪ޸ǸԭΪҺ;ĸ磡

ģⶼģ

ڲԶһʹĿ޺š



˭Ҳû뵽Ҳʱ֡

һǸģ󣬾绨һ

ֻ绨ȴʼûзҾ嵽ĵزû绨绨ܸо绨ĴڡôãӿʼҾҲ֪

û˵޺޵Ÿס

ˮӿһҵİ飬ˮաΪʲôҪʱһж̡̫ôʹ࣬ʹ鵽Ϊɱһȴ޷İ飬ƵĽ֣

תޱߵҹɫ

ĸ׺ͳ޵趼ûȥ׷

޵ĸףʹ޷վ

ҲתˣҲȥ׷ǲʹ࣬ǿǸʹḶ́

ڲԶһ̲סͣ£ʣʲôˣ

κθûлͷҲûס



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ЩȻ⣬·û֡

û׷ȥóû˿αװʹţλں޶ʹţαװ

Ȼ֪ܣôԺܱǸ˾͸һ֪ˡԼҲǺܱǸˡ

ҲͣŲæңһص2046ң˺þãĹеʣôˣ

һȥ°֮ǰֱˣʹ࣬㯣Щ㱡

ȣ˺ܾã̲ס˵˫ֽıס˫磬ʣô᣿ô᣿Ǹªͷҵĸף

ҵůأͣҡΣôʹôޣȪӿ

ҵļʣѰôˣ˵ʲô˭˭ĸף

һѹɻ

ҴûҵĸףͻûͷûβĻ׹

ŵǸªͷĸףҲҵĸס

ʲôĸĸףã

ĳĪļʹƾϲ

ңץסҵļ磬̧ͷɴ۾ˮĵ˫ۡ

ҵͷȴ˵ٶֻ࣬һšְ֣ͷůء

أʱΨһͣĸ壬һᣬȻҸ

һ̣˵ĺӡ



һҹƺĳЩǰһֱĶԶңҸˡ

Ȼѩ۾ȴЩǰйĹϣһҸ˸Ĺ

ϰʱĵĴҺƺѰҺûʲôƵĵطû֤ҵĻҺǲá

֪ʹˣȥ˼ҵ˿ڣЩ˿ܵѪ

ʵҲ֪ҹʱʹǰһı֪Щ飬аԹʹޣȴȴǰЩΡ

ÿ°ʱҶҪںܺͬǰαװǲֵ̫жȡ

ǲ̫ܵݼûܳ׷¡ԼֺγҺĹȥǣҡ

һգҴϴּһվŮϴּŵĵطžһֻ֣Ȼ

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ұϴּϣĬĬĿܾãʹ

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õƼ޿¶Ҫʱϧչ˵˶ûУ򡭡

죬Ϊֻǲܸо绨ĴڡʱҲ֪Ҿһ˶磬ұһ˺ãҵãͲƼ˵ӡǡ

ڷңûңĬĬת߳Ůϴּ䣬ͷҲص߹ޱ飬·ͲйʲôֻżȻ·İˡ

֪һһĸо

̲סе

ģʹ

Ӳ˲ûͣûڶһͷ

һ˵ʲôȴԶԶĳϴּ

ҲҪܿҶĺãֻѩҺĸݲᡣͬһ֪ҺͬĸãֻҪа˿ҲǶõ¡

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ЩҲƺû˵ıҪɽˣǵùϵ׸ı䡣˵˭˭ΪšǹһûüɵĶˣĿֱؽǰǳ׻

죬Һԣǲ˵һ仰ҲǶôҸ°

ҸΪͱء

һȥеһƺûкתҲûб仵ȻԶѩҲûʲôңܺǸƺҲûиȻκ˴˺ҲûȥҵĸףҲ֪ûиų޵صҵĹ磬ȥɽϵڣķǰһ档Ҹ֪迴һӵӣڻصߣȴٷ棬ªϵģھȪ֮µ۾ǲĻΪȴԸ̹Ȼϡ

ҵƽнеĺѹ֣ٲǰһĴ2046ҳĿĵĳȥߣߵƣ벻ŻҪκ㣬ҲκˣȡȶԽԽŵÿԽԽˡ

죬˿մʪ治

Թһ˳ţ߹ЩѲ֪߹ٱ飬ȴİûκӡĽֵҺȻǰиŮӵӰӻҵĶţս˵ƻ谵ĹսǴ

Ҳ֪ԼΪʲôԽԽУܾŮڶңҺҲŹս˰

ҿȴǸھƵſҪġڹ԰ӽҹȿȴҰѩϢġ

УƺֻΣ󵨷ŵңôȴŻŵҪ㿪ңǵµ

Ҳ⣬Ĵʱֶޣһ֪ûиıְıĲңҲڱжɷ˾͵սľɣ

˫ܾ۾ڲֻĹˣѰҿҵķ

ȥһ߬סʣôˣô𣿡

Żŵĵſңſҡ

ʹİһ˫ܾ۾ɲֻĹˣҪѰҿҵķ򣬶Ҫûб˿

ҸӲ⣬ôˣң³ӡ

ŬҪңǲá

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߬߬øʣǣ˭ǲʲô

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ǻҵİҵĲҵʹȻûɿҲûҹ£¶׵ӣҰɣҰɣ˭ǵ׶ʲôֲ˵ֻҪ˵վа취ġ

ȥô顣

мҽ߬סıϡ

ʹ˵Ҳ֪һйأǣҲ֪Ŀµ˺Ȼǲ֪˭ǣ᲻˵

ֱҵˮҲסŴŵĿ

ҧҧĨŨŨʿں촽Ҳ֪˭ҴûǸʶǡϦҹҲڹ԰㰢ϢҹǼû⣬׼ųȥͱһֵĳϦû뵽ȴȻɷīӣǰĦһҡǼöɵˣӳĦȽûа󶼲Ұ

ֱǰЩõĶȫ˸⣬ǲͣÿµĶǽá

һң֪Ϊʲô

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һҵҡͷӵĵ֪ҲҲǡ졭ǡѣǽáе˭ûûǷ̡

ԽԽͣԼ˵ˡ

Ȼһ˵ˣЦźҪ¼̧ĹۿҲǣ

û̧ͷĽû̧ͷҲֻ֪ĦһƬţֻнɪɪͽŲĺ

Ǹ˽ŵɼǵڹ԰ʲô֪Ǹӽϵӽʲô֣

һеĵͷҡҡͷҼǵڹ԰ʲôҼǵӽĿڹϣ˵㣬Ҳֱ֪֣Ҳ֪

⵽ߣҵ֣ͻȻһѵɪɪֱϻһѶôĵӣֻĻҾʱеĵʹҲ̲ס̧ͷһֻסֱҿѪҵָ˳Ⱦҵ˫֡

˶ݺݵĶһ䣺סǸӲܿõġֻǸһССĽѵԺٱ֪һ𣬻˭©֪˽£ǾôĹǰﳤȥ

ҷſҽ߬סֻ֣ȴ͵ץһֻҹȻһֱֵֻϣһ˺ۣϸϸĲϵ˺ôͻѿҲܵ˰ңսľ

֪˭ɵģȻҲвЩīӵ֣ȷҼǣһԸһ˵īӣǱܺͺܱǸָʹġ

ֲܿҺȻؼңû¥ʹҴҵĵת򼱳۶ȥȻնĹȥˡһ˵绰ǸҲǽСѩ塱ŨںӵīǸīָʹǰ˺ġ

ǵģ绰췹ϴּʹ绰ڼˣʱȷڵ绰ԶԷһŮӣʮ߰䣬úޡ2046¥Ҵҵĵתķ򼱳۶ȥǾ尲Ż򶽴ȥʵʩˡ

ڣֻҺĹϵΪȾݲҳȻŮȾǻѩʧйأ֪Щ˶ʲô

ôʹǰʮ߰糾ŮӣҸ޷Կصķŭ

߬ס˺۵ıɪ֣Ƨ谵ĹսǴƻͨĴ֡

Щ˺ĺܵˣĻôӦþڸȺС

ҷŭĺ쵰վѽʲôѽԸһŮʲô

Ȼûκվǡ

ֻһЩСĲʤȽıܵĽŲͻҵľУӣӣ

ǳŭˣСҲϷŹҶݺݵĵЩСҴŭɶĵɸκһС

Ϊڽҡӡ

ȻȴЩܾеСиͷ棬ӡ

ڵϣסһСŮͣɳźʹĵѩѩѩȻû㻹šôʶˣ尡

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СŮĿ޺͵سһ˻СŮһ˶ݺݵĺķӣҹ̧ӲƤЬĽţҪһ˵ӡ

ڵϵһˣŵһƨɵڵأȴûڵ϶Ƭ̣ʱͻҵĴӵսĶӵʿ״Ľšѩ壬ѩ壡ԱߵȺͷܡ

һôˣ

Ҫȥȴ˴ӱײ˸ģԼҲ

Һ޺޵ĿȴûңҲû˵϶˵Բ𣬱ǰȥԶȥһˡ

Ȼʹŵɫ

Ҹںһѽ߬סʣҪȥ׷һôôˣ

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Ȼ͵ҵ֣ң죬ȴʲôҲûش𣬱תͷҲصļ׷һȥˡ

ҴվţֱԶһʧҲżһʲôûŪȴȻңΪһʲô˭ᣬҴšŲҪ׷ȥ

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ͻȻƼҵ

תȻͿƼվǰǸվĵطǸȴ֪ʲôʱˡ

˫֣۾û˴ǰĹʣʹȻࡣ

Щģû뵽Ųһû棬ͱӡ޷˼ݣǸŲΪ֪ľڱ幼

׼ϧôҲˣȴ֮ǰҵҪ׷ˡ

ʹ

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ͷġš˵

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Ҹ벻һһˣȻӳˡֲᱧסǸСŮСѩᱻǸСŮĸŵþֵĽšѩ塱֣ͷܡ

ҸӲƼôͻȻͳأ

Ҳ̫ҲֻǴһʿǵϢǸʿӦûǵãϴסԺʱչ˹ҡ˵Դܹһˣ˺ü죬Ӿˡô֪ģôܵˣȴûҡҸ֪ΪʲôҪȴߵ̫ϸѵϳҾǸչ˹Ĳˣ֪ã

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óһҶټˣһֱչġƽʱһ˹Ĺֻ°ʱȥ°Ҳ߳ӵģпһʱܳġ

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һҹڱ亮Ľͷ赹ǸŮʿûϢӳˣһֱ

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ֻǸһһûϢŮʿأ볤پΪչһ˵İȻôȴһߣȥˣ

һǸŮʿһиģ֪Ϊʲôȥôææûʱ˵

ô񶾵ԹңǸΪһ˭Ϊһ֮䵽زҺǸ˭ġǸ˭ʱʹԹ޵жϣָˡ

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ǸŮѩҵ⣬̫ѩˣֻΪʲôǸСŮİְֵѩ壬һѩôʹֻ࣬ʶأ

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ҵ㲻˵ܹ˻˺üô˵ǲ壬ߵߵľΪˣ˺˾ѩ¡

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ҵͷǵģۿģһ𿴼ĻȺǸʿ

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绰սͨǱߵ˭ûü˵һ֣ͳǱߺѩ壬ɵôģ㻹Ҫô˰˳Ǹӣ

˵ǻķŭʹЩҪˡ

Ǹѩ绰ʶǸСѩ塱ŨںӵīǰһֱΪֻǺǸӲоġ

˭˵˭˰ƼôˣôͻȻҷôĻ𣿡

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ЩʣƼ㣬ûҿЦɣ⣬ΪΪʲô

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һŮӣԼ룬ϾǼܹʵ£ĿģжôΰҲѻοƼεȴ˵ޣҲһ˼

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ƼĬˣϧԿĵǶôѩܰǶ˵һϲĻ

Ȼֱʹĵֻ벻̬ᷢչأȻ˰˳

һ˵꣬Ҳҵתȥ

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һ˵ʲôأ˵ѩӦϲģȻôĻ˵һ˵ôҲѩı⣬ѩµ̫ɶݶʱѩѰʾϳ뿪˵һֻʱģ壬һڲõĽõָĺͶУƼôǿǸҪο

ҲôͺѩʶסķˡҲ֪ܲȤһҪȥ̸飬ôֿ϶ȥǸطȻסŵѩ塣

ϴһʱ˵ӣһϺ˵ӣǸ˰ȴܣԻϺˡ˵ľѩ壬ѩʵһֱ죬һֱߡ˵ԻϺֻһʹԹֺʱһƭһ˵ˡ

ֻҡҡͷ΢΢ЦЦȻ̫ѩ壬һҲû뵽Ūӡ

Ҳ֪Цʲô˼ǸοתҲ˵ǴҪο

֪Ҫѩ壬ȴһǶѩ岻̫˽⣬ȥѩʦѩԼԿҸѩһȴΪǱ˴ĵĸӰѺۡ

ƼûеͷҲûҡͷимæعͷȥӽŲҴҵ뿪

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ҹҵתࡣڶϰʱ򣬿ܣһξԭҲôɰͯܲͨôɰԭһֻΪҪҺȴһϣҺҸѩβΪҺ߽ãǰЩ˶Ǹڹ԰ӽҵġпź˺ΪҺҸУһˣѩһˣΪҪһѩ

ҶԺոһյĺøУúеܳһֱε飬ǵ¼ϵǱõߵǱƽȡ

ȶǲ⣬ҴӲܡΪҲҪǰϣˡԼһССϡʵ˵ԽԽˡ

ôԲأôô˼ɵҿû˴ǰ绨ƶ˵Ʈ졣

ΪʲôҪ˼أһ˵ӰѴﳹʧһֱûټһˣҲûκ˶һˣҸԶᣩ漣ĳãҲ磬ͼʼɩӡ

һ죬ģȸոճԹ緹Ϳű˵Ǵȥ̳

Ҳϲ̳һ˵ȥɡ

ȻѩĴص绰ƽߣ֪Ȼһǣ鲢Цôȥһ

ȴЦЦܾˡ

Ҳ⣬ʵҲɣұùô࣬ҲǸµˣһ̲סΪʲô͵͵ȥԼɣ

Ȼˡ͵͵֣ҲʲôˣҪȥԼ͵ñƵģҲﻹеġ

ЦȻתȥ

ЦߵҲôô졣

ûаиԴҷҶԺܵĻȫǸҾҲϲԼкͶɣĿԼ

ҾȥЦЦȴ֮ȥʱɴãʱħ

Ϊ԰ЦľʹĹ䣬СǼҲ²⣬Ұȥʱ䶼˳˺ܶܶĲˣҶǲû˸ˡ

Ҽǵ˸޳ԣͯʱɢԺϴϳ̸ҵסҲĴмֻǺþòϵˣҲ֪Ƿ񻹼ǵá

ҰЩ˶ϿĲʱҲԾЦЦЦԼַɵԽԽ˼ɵȣȴ̲ס͵͵Գˡ

˰ˡ

ȴȻˡľϲĽ

̲סӦ̧ͷȡһ߷ֹţһ߶ҺǰķЦôϲɫ

Ҷ֪ʲôʱŤͷԿףʲôʱŶģûпҸղŸϵĲԾЦûвµҸոնԳ

ʱе졣

ôڣֺҰɣǺǣ˼ˡ

Ϊǵһǰôãô෹ˣϰľϲɣʱôȴȲáҵͷˡ

ЦøˣҲûŬҸʲôˣ

ϳʱһЦȴֻߵϾǳȥʱǰԽԽԶѽߣ橶õȥԼˡ

ԭôЦųȥȥ̳ʲôȥˡȴ²ʲô

ҡҡͷȥҪסı

ȴֽסһŤԱߣҿ

ȵ֫ǵƤЦҵһοƤЦƼȻ㱣ǶܹݣĳԭʼĶڼ

һҪȥװҪ򿪱ʲôʵסˮļʴ**ʱ⡣

Ȼȴӱó˸Ķ޳ȥסĽڡ

ҿˣһֻϴȥϳ̸ҵ֮ǰҵǿֻһģһֻϴҵֻѱҵݺݵˤڵϣýƴļ̤֧ˡֻһ֧Ļҵġ

ʱ龰ĿȻʹ͵ʱһʹʹ

ϵЦݺߺɫûˡ

ֻгĬ

Ҳ¸ֻʱû뵽ó˲䣬Ǳ˴˻Ρ֪ЩҪԶرܣֻҪ˭Ҳȥ𣬱˴˾Ϳల£һٴδô첹һῴѹĺۼ

ЦҲͻȻ硣

һĬ

þúþãĵѰǲǡ

ҲȥôôҲԭ£ҳȥıס

ʲôҪ˵ˣҲѹĺۼ̹ܿģʹ̹ܿģҲʱʱԼŵԽʹԽܰȴû˵ڡ

㶣ûûʣҲ˵ҪʲôҲҪ˵

ҲûһѣֻôģԹԵģĺĬĬĴֻһŵ绰װȥ

ϴùŵ绰

һҹұʹĳСİֻ֧ȡصڵġɼʱͶôʹˡֲãҹһ߱ôຮĽֵҲҪҵңÿధһڲˣִֻؼҡ

ôôж§֣Ծĸӽ˽

հѵ绰װȥϺõأֻֻˡ

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ʾǸİĺ롣

ֻݵҶߣȴûҪرܣҲûɿӵ֮֡䣬ҲҪܡ

ֻ֣ҵѲֻһΰֻҵˣǰֶǱģȴ崺ĸоﾹ˵Ҹۣ·ǰӲ֪⻬ϸԭҲů

绰ǱǸĵѰС񰡣ô˵

ǸŮʿ

ҵǰȥˣô㣬㲻ǡ

˵㲻Ϊһ˳ôȴһߣ

ȴĴˣҺñˣȻҪǰһˡ

Ѱҵѩˣ

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ҲС񼤶ڻңС񶼻Ҫֲֻ鲻ԽĶԵ绰Ǳߵ˵ʲôҵѩˣģ

Сû˴ǰȵκڴӼҲжǧصƵģ˷ܶȻǱߵǵģȣҵѩˡڴϺطķɻϣܿҪˡ

ԭС׵ôļ٣ҪչһˣȥѩˡĬĬȶĵ⣬֪˶ôѣ찵˶ٳУңԶϺҵѩڣѩˣڿ̹Ȼˣܲ˷ܼ

Ҽһ磬еĳķˣղŻôˣôҺҸȴһӱȻζƺȻﳹʧˣ˭ҲûǵϿһۣҴҵĳ䣬ȥ

˻Һĳ⳵ǻûüȺ￴ѩȴǣš裬ְ֡˹

Ҳѩ֣

չ˫ۡ

ѩС֡

ȻҵԶȶӣѩ˽Ļǽӵ˫˫ϲľӨ͸ᣬô޷ֵű˴˵

ĳӾĳ˵ľͷۿһȣʲôʪʪĶҪ˳

Ѱ

СĽң֪ʲôʱѵߡ

ұȥգգۣŬĿסᣬȻŻعͷСޱȸмĵС񡭡

ȴȻʧ԰ףʵҲʲôӿгֿĸмСˮǧɽļ̣ǿˮ顣

һҲתƻ˭ΪʲôҪͰһѩҵǣôʹӦѩģ

С˵㡱ӦñʾģȻȴûУ·֪ôѩŮˣоаƵġ

ʲôҲû˵ֻԶұķ򿴵˰㡣

ԭҲˣ

ͰվһĻһŮˣ飬ƧֵľƵȾʱϵǸȷ·͵Ľ㡣ǸƼˮ꣬ȴһʣҸ˾ǮƵ߳Ƶ꣬ҽǰѰҵҲиܵܣҪȺúôһؼҵĽ㣡

һͰһѩģֲڵ绰ôʶȷǸ˵ҹҶ˵

һ־ñطľϲ˸ӿͷҼ߹ȥҲ㡣

㲻ǰôʣЩȴӼǿ˫۾ΣȴֲԾ˸رܡ

ߵߣŰ㣬죬˵ʲôȴû˵Ҳ˵ã˵ʲô˼أܸʲôǧ¡

ұװԶȽӵѩǸ㣬ѩĲˣ

һν㣬ȴҲ裬ֻк͸м޵Ρ

Ľ㣬һʲôɻѩѩȥõҽԺ׵أ

οԶԶģȻѩ𣬷ǰȷࡣ

Զѩȣ̾ϢѩǺˣֻҽ˵ƺֻܹ࣬ʲô޷ܵݼжλģȴֻ֮ȥļ䣬ľܾܴϲ󱯣Լ㹻ǿ

ӿ޵ϧѩϧ룬ԺһúõѩǰѩĲףҪѧ¸ҡ

ҼûʰôͺһˣСôҵǵģôͺȻСһѩˣЩҪѩƽĵȻֻʣ㣬㲻˵ѩһĿģҪֹʲô˵ıǸ˭ʲôı

û˵ǰĲ룬ǰĲȫںܺѩϣȻʵ֤Ѿˡ

룬˵ıˣҲѩͺеκһˡҪҲһѩͺˡ

۾ȴĻش֪ʱ죬ܹʱˣȻѩ˻

Ҫ˵ôһֱԺʱҪ⿪ȺѩȴȻʧɫʧã

Ҵ͵ŤͷȥȺѩ

ֻһȣ͵ؽƵڵأѩȻԱߵһҴҶӡ

һȴ̫죬ѩûüŵĳȿ޺ȻûüӵѾڳʧһʧĻбǸӴϳѩ

Ȼֻôһ˲䣬ûüǸӵȷҼҹںƧĽͷԸһ˵ǻīеһ

ҳȣһȵĻǸͰ㡣

ǸϹȥʱѴӵŷƵ׷ԶһԡѩЪ˹ĺʹš

һ⳵߾һɲ͵ͣ£ڳϡ

ʻҳŴ򿪣˾³ɫŲֻ̡

ŵĿҲ򿪳ţ̽ӿǸŨױĨȴһ㶼ÿŮӡ

Сȥȣȴ͵ƿ

Сʱǻں޺ʹ࣬һβСģѩ߱˴ˡ

ҧҧΡΡĵȣһһѩģȻתܿ

ûп˭Ҳû˾ûˣŭɶĳò˰Ҳ֮ˡ

ԹԳű̽ӸüĿŮˣֻһŮ˾͹

˭ҸĶʹĵ͹أ֪ȴʱжʹཹǸŮʱһԾƽʱԶҲ޷ﵽ

Ů˻عȥʱ˳

Ů˴ȡ

˾޿̣Ůȣ˴׳֣Ҫ

ҳȥӱ߬ס˾죬޺޵ĵ軹𣿡

ôΣӣҵҲԶԶвֵ˾͵ŤͷһӾ߬ס֣ŮӰʱȴûҲмһˣݺݵĶҴ֡ҵ۾ƴƿҪ³Ů˵ȣɻĶҵǲʲô鷳

һҺȵ￴ʲô

͵صͷ

ȥһǸȾŨױĨŮӣңҪҪһͬȥ

Ҹм˵һ仰һӾ˳ߡ

ǸŮ˱˳ռԼλãֱ˾ϰݡֻǲپȣϸ缦צһͿŨŨָ͵֣ץס˾䲻ģʲôҵϰھƵ͵Ȳˣ

˾ŭѵǷ糾ŮӵľͲⳤģ۾ֻǮͿ˼ϵ鷳ԶЩĹҪ

ȻһƣŮ˱㱻ƵԶһЩ

˾Ļʵԣķ糾ŮӲȫ簢㡣ͰҲõǸĦŮǸԳڰĦĽãΪұֵ̫ȣܵµĿź˺ġ

ȴۣʵڲ۵ʱ򡣶ǰŨװĨŮӣȻô϶˵Ƿ糾ŮӣôӦ**ʮ˽⣩Ҳȷ˵

˾ٺĻᣬûվӾͼϳصĹϳţȻһ߷ȼһͷҲصҪȥ

ȵǰ

ǰѩĳԽȥԽԶʧķ

ȴǸ㻹а㣬ûиһҼĵȵȣ

⿴ʱﻹаǸӰӡ

СۿܵԽԽԶģأʲôʱڵģʱȥǰǸѽ

ôҪǰȴȵȣ˾Щ죬ͷ𣿡

ҡҡͷûˣǰɡ

˾ˣȴû˵ʣŤͷȥٲӣһǰۡ

ǣ׷ԶҲûѩԶȥĳӡ

ûκԽԽŲֻֻ̣Һٲĺ

Ȼȵֻ𣬳ķΧӽŲ

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163

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Ǳ˵ЩʲôֻǸ˵

ҼİѶȥҵĶսӴȽֻĲıָǱ߾ͰֻҶˡ

Ȼھŵĳ绰Ǳߵιι

ɵ绰ѹҶϣǱﻹа㷴졣

ҽֹеĵȣ绰ѱҶˣҪιˡǸǱ˵ʲô

Ȳ١ιˣȴûлشңֻĶ˾ͷȥ԰

һ·ҵȴӽš

˷԰Сſڣȼ³Ҳȥȴĵ㲻ҪȥڳңȻͷҲصĳסǴ¥˵ݡ

ûиȥȻڳ˵ҪҪĵط2046ûΣոûҪ׷ˡ

һǽһֱע2046Ĳȥʧ˱Ӱĵš

ʵ̵ܶʱ䣬ȴöꡣ

ڿſڴ򿪣ӵＱ˳Ȼǡ

ļ϶˸Ȼǣȴʼսڱ£ǱкҪĶ¥ΪǸ

ôǸڵ绰˵ҲǹǸĻˡѩҲΪǸˡ

ֻǣ֪ѩǽһˣǿǸǰĽõġΪΪѩôһУıȴͬõƼô

һѩ˼Ǹڱɣ

ߣΪҵıܣͷЩңɫԲ԰ס

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ֻóֻĲƼĵ绰롣

ƼѾڷ飬ҪѩֹǸɶīӡ

绰սͨҵֻ˵͵ʱػľʾֻôҴҵ˵ˡٽ¡֡

ٿֻʱȻѹػˣпܡ

Ҳ֪ػ֮ǰǼû˵꣬˵ˣƼǲˡ

ҲģùȵֻٲȥʱǱ߾Ҳػˡ

ģôԽǽҪĹͷԽǴɡ֮Ϊʲô⵹ùͲʱ任ص㷢ڱϣ

ֻĴҵΣƼٽ¡ˡֻҪˣҾܷģԶҼʶ㣬ٽжƫƧһҵ

ȥľѩѧǸ򣬲Ӣ԰Զɽǰͣ¡

ǰ棬·Աһɽ·۶ͣϡ

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ұһգѩٵɽ·ľͷһ˱վڸ߸ߵϣһȴַ·ҪȻչ衣ѩʱһȻʹȥ

ҲȥǸīӣΪʲôҲҪѡôطȥѩǸ߸ߵϣҲһҪȻչ״ѩŵɢһ˲ٴȻʡ

³Ҵҵɽ·

Ҳ³档

Ǹ˾̲סʣιҪҪҰæ

Ȼعͷŵĵǧ򲻣

Ǹ˾ɻԥŵתͷȥ

Ҹȣһ̲ͣĸɽ·ľͷ

ɽ·ľͷǿǸѩīӡѩȴѩһӱš

бīӡǷֳţǸڻѩȻߵīһվһͨµͨ

ͨľͷǸѩӣǣվڸ߸ߵϣһվϵһˡ

ŨںӵīҲڣվǸǵߡ

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Ҳţôѩ壬Ǹѩ壡

Ƽ˵һж𣿶ΪһʧȥЩø߰ĮҰĲĶΪҺȻѩҸһжʵˣҪʲô

ҲǸ㣬ǸѩְѩĽ㣬һʣ˵ѩ˸ѩ׵ƣҪֹһ˵ı

ԭôıļһѩ塣

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ֻѩص̫ҺƼƭˡ

Ҳ۾ôʹɫðŲѩ壡

Ȼеѩ塱

ô˵Ȼʶѩġ뵽ʶѩˣҶѩ֣ҩƿ޹ʻ䣬̻Уûʹ࣬ˮʱҾ뵽ʶѩˡ

ֱֻڣҲ֮䵽ʲôĶԹǵߵһ

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ȵΪʲôҪѩǵĺӣ

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ô˵ѩûŵİְ֡˵ò׵ѩİְ֣

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ѩûôɢľţûȻԣôƽֻЩ㱣һ˫۾ѩ벻·ʲôַ·ʲôҲû룬·Ѳ磬粻ڣװҲû΢գգ۾Ҫ˵Ťͷ

ѩôʹϧһ硣ҵĸȻǹ¶ĸȴǵѣҲѩ̹ʳأѩʲô

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ûлش

ŵļžз紵ֵ·Ӱһʹ಻ˣŵͣĲΡ

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ŭ𣬾ʮ·ľ졣ھмǻʡ

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첻ŭȳ⣬վסһҲǰ

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Сӵߡ

һСˣС񱨾ģҵǵģȴɽǸ⳵˾

ѩԶЦܺã⳵˾ˡʮ⣬Ҿʮ⵽ףͣͣŵҪĶ𣿡

Ȼæˡ

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ǸվߵŨںӵīӦǵģүŷ߹ŷѩ塣

ʼգʮ춼ϵվߣȻȴǲмڹˣĺڶ****ͬ衣

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Ȼ򿪱ȡһаŵĶ֣СһĽҿЩС



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·ЩŵĲʲôĶǱȼֵǻҪ˵塣

һİǸоѡȻȥǰĲǸͨòַͨƵľʽţƤֽŷ⡣

Ҫŷ⡣

ȴȻѩ壬ס֣

ѩЦѵôġ˰ɣҾҪóڳ˶Щĵľ죬е˶¼ʶʶһòŮˣ޵ȴһųġ

Ѵŷ⣬ȡһֽԶԶģҿֻЩɷëʺ֡



ѩԶɵͳ죬ƺ˿Цݡ

ȴûֻĲүү

Ϊѵӡ

ѩŭĥĥʲôû𣿸һֲ©ԽԽã

Զɵͳ죬ϵЦȴƺˣšóˮһ

ŵû˸ǣǡ

˶һվţ

ȴ⣬Ҳֽ֪ϵдʲôκ˶֪

Ҵʱȴ޷˼֮ϣҸĵѩѩ廳Σ֮

Ҳ˶עֽëϵѵõĻᣬҿ֪Ŀѩߣѩ

û뵽ҸҪŲŲ꣬ޣǸдֽëֵļһôͲĳЩС˵֣ʱȻؿѩ

ڣҷǵûܴѩȹѩĶһҲȥ

ֻѩĺôܣҰô̳ѩϹ˾İٷ֮ʮĹɷݣ

սսĵǵģүⶼүǰıʼҲ֪үǰдֱƫ壬֮£ûܹģµóëǵġ

ѩ廹ڷĺܣȡʲôֻҰǰһ飬ңĶѽ

ô˵ѩ岻ϧѩҪЮȽľ׵һֽ顣Ҳû뵽Ҫ˴˶ʶȵĳĵһֽ׾ѩϹ˾ٷ֮ʮĹɷݶȡ֮ǰһΪֽԼѩϹ˾ɷݵĺϷ̳ˡ

ʧأѩ߸߾𣬽ż⾹Ų˰أ

Ⱦ̵Ľеѩѩѩ

ҲʧˣҪһеĳȥ

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ֿʼѩ庰ס֮֮飬Ȱͷ

ֻ֣ЩīӣѩӰΪʲôͲȰѩ壬ǰһѱסѩ彫ϻѵǾֻЩΩǴӵɱ֣ѩ岻ǾͶҲҶǾԼӵ

ʱӰүƺ˵ʲôѩû˵ȥ

ͷû

ЩվŵīҲվԭûҶ

ѩʹŭĺҹ

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ǰŵòµǣүϢŭ

Ȼعͷһ֣еīӱĬĬض˹ĬĬվǺ;Աߡ

ѩ¶ˣǾϲġѾٱʱκԣǺ⣬˵ǻϽ͡ѩ庰ľֻٴס졣

һƴĳײ˺üΣ̱ɳƵĺҲٺ

˶ѹֵ͸ȴֻ޿κεĵȴȴ콵漣ѩת

ţһľšֻз磬ҵĴ˭

ѩ壡

ԶԶĴһŮӵ

Žȴö

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߼߽żĵѩ壬㣬Ҫʲô

֪׷ʲô֪ѩʱжôӡ֪ѩվ±ϾңһҲѩǹаֵš

޲ѩ߹ȥ

ѩ屾ңһƼڴǸҡ

˶Ŀɿڴŵ˼㡣δ˵ľ춼˳ȥֹƾƼ޹˼ɵһѩ壬һ

ֵǣѩ岢ûҵļһѩ£΢΢£µĽż˻

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ѩϣƼġ

ҲƼ㣬ٶ˵жĻһǰĽ֣Ҳĳʱ漣ת˴춯صľϲ

ǾƼڿҪ˵ѩ壬ѩҡʱȻ˭ģ˻ȥ

ʹԹ޵˼ĺ

һƼǾ仰ʹԹˡʱʲôֻƫһΪƼжҲŵҲһֻΪ˴ƭѩˡ

ȻƼȴʲôҲףͻĺŵվԭأƾлذŹֵǻۣҲһʱûš

°ܴɣϿûбʹĵˡĿܴλòһȴֱپĸס

һ̱վҪﻬ䣬ѩıӰȥ

һ˷ɽ´

ѩ壡ѩ

ȥʱʱ־ֲֻ̡

ƺڸԶһˣվסվס

ʹཹȴŮӰ

ȻһûվסԶɽϴҴҶʱ͵ߡ

ӦòʲôŴģ﴿ײ

ֻߣİš

㶣ʱֹͣ˷ĺһͻȻ۾ôŹˣҵ޷⡣

ʱͿˣվ¾ͷѩ壬ѩ廳ﱧŵģֻ¶ģ㱰ѩ

ѩ

͵ѩ˹ȥ

̫ͻȻˣǰƼĴ붼ͻȻοֻǸͷ棬ˡ

˭ûϵûȥ赲赲Ҳֻᵽɤ￴µľͷ˫ȥѩ廳ѩ

ΣѩҲûҵļѩ£ǽһƫùһ˷֣ȻӰһתص

Ȼһ˷֣ץסʲôȴʲôҲûץס˸գ͵ǰƲסصĵȣ

ѩѩ廳ʧУٰ֣㱣·ովһΣɪţıѩĲӣֻ޾ʹͿֻšȴûʹͿֻлʹȥ

ʱ򣬼˱ѩ壬ǲģİ֡

ѩƺûѩĺԹµľͷĿɿڴովĵطһ˲֮ǰһ˾ʹǸطʧ

磡Ƽ͵س£ڸ߸ߵ¾ͷȿ޵˺ѷΡ

СҲ£˭ҲûƼһصĿ޳Ǿôվţһ׵ܣֻзĳֵᣬڱ紵ñϣʹݵĵš

һЩ죬һŲľʯµµףȥѰ׹ȥһˡ

һЩѩ壬ѩѩָѩ

ѩûһ˿ʼգãȻ

ѩȫˣȴûдҵĻѩϲİѩӵڻ̱ӷǴﻬ䣬صĵڵء

ںľһ˿



ûѩߡѩǰī赲ǰīûɢȴվԭضҲûҲֻԹۡڵȴһ˵Ϣ

˺óóһʱ䣬Щµµ׵ľ죬ڼѵİһ˴

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һѪģڵһΨ΢΢ؿ֤Ǹм˿Ϣ

Ƽʹıһ˵ӣƴĿ޺磬ƼƼ۾

ץһѪ֣ܵԼĸȥΪһĴϡ

ǣˣһ֮ǰѾ˼άң񲣬Լ˭ǲ𣬸ο

οһڻԲѡ

һѣװףҲţƼԼá

ʹļɵǳˡ

Ƽݣʱü۽¶ĳʶ⣬Ļаʱģ

Ƽأһһ˿ûаת

ʵ̿ƼʹӣȥʹƼ𡭡𡭡ĥԼˣֻˡ

Ƽȴ͵ƿңŭߣߵԽԶԽã˭˵ˣ

ƼûҷôĻֻһĿʹȴ޷ȥο

һˣס£硭

ûٺصĿ޺ȻһӡҴûӣһǶʱһ˳ӡ纣Ĵƺҡ·Ż˯ıңԶΡ

˶˸жѩ壬ҲĶ

ֵķ磬ҲΪ֮飬ǷŭģһƼʡ

һ˺Ȼ֣ĸƼƼǰַŵḧƼ

Ȼû۾۾

΢΢ſ촽ͣòײżѵļƼڻǻؼҡ

ƼҲҲԤеʲôʵøһ˱øĵ磬ˡڻǻؼҡ

ʱ˺ȻǰǸһʵĽ㡣

ԭҲҺһһֱ׷ѰǸѩӡֻ̫·

Ǿ̫ѵѰңڻҵһ·һûй˵ЪһǶס߸ߵؿڣڴڵĴϢš

Ǹ󲻸ŵ۾޳˵ƼѪģ˿һˡֿһԱΧŵģѩ塣ôôޡ

ڵĺ޵Ķѩ壬Լ·Ĳѩ壬·һԼɡ

ѩѩ룬ңڻˡ

ѩûлشֻʹıȥƲԻԡ

̱ЩѩҲѵԣͶڵϵӵһ

ȻȴȻֱӣʧʲôѩ룿

ѩǵģѩ롣ѩѲˣԶĲˣǰһ£ˮˡԶҲ֪ѩĺӣһⱨӦһˣ

Цôʹ࣬һƼǰصĿ޺

ԭʱЦһʹţ

ʲô˵ʲôѩѩĺӣ

Ǹѿڶɵʡ

ʵҲʡҺȻǰ˵ѩĺʱĮʹͼҲ˵ʱĪǾ䡰㶼֪ˣʱĹ졣

ѩȣ˶ʡ

һˣҲһеֻ֪ʲǰѵ˵Ǽ֣Ѻľ֣ǱƼţ޷Ƽϡ

ѩ£ûлش

еˣһ˺Ƽ۾ˢˢƵϡ

ȵͷ˺ðҧҧ̧ͷʵ뵽㲻ѩˣǽ㡮үʱҾ͸뵽㲻ѩˡǵģѩѩĺӣһ˲ְ֣

˶۾Ӿɡ·Ȳȣǡի߳ڱ任ˮߴշɡ

ǱʹƼҲΪ֮һ

һֻƼסϵ֣͵ز£ֹͣḧ

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ѩſɰֿ۾ȵ˵Ȼôˣȴûа޷ܵĴͻ㱣·Ǹĺӣ಻й⣬ǴҲܹκݼ

ȼʵǰҺһǶˣǳǳమˣǼҪ߽áǣҪлǰһϣȥһŮ˴

û˭֪ҵʱжôĺޣԼֶԼɽ˹˱ѣǾѰʹұƵɱıԵһصңҪѡɱʱҵĶȻӿһ΢𶯣ҳû޷Լĺӣ޹ġǵģʱһˣѩ죬ҲȥҽԺ֪ģȥһ˾ƲסĵϲãҪȥһû뵽ȴһӾͽҴҸƶ˴ʹĵ

ҰԼͷʹһҾԼ޸һֱ׷ҵѩ塣Ҳѩ壬ѩ׷ƺҲ⣬һǰԼ޸ѩ塣Ϊѩһõѡ

ҪһˣҪҲʲôζƼˣȢȴԼõѣһҸܡ

û뵽ҵıȴѩ˲ҡ

ѩ죬ѩȻˣҺѩұпܵĵطѩӰǺȻӵһ˵ĵ绰ڵ绰ʹ౯ߵҪʱϵٽ£ǽźҺѩ壬ƺ˵绰ǱѩĿ

ѩҷµ绰ʹ⳵ıٽ¶ȥұϾŮˣ³Ƕζ۵ɽ·ʱôôŬҶѩԶ˦Ӱ١

Ҳ֪һҪʲôǰѩһ˵ʱˡѩǷܳܣΪѩȴֻˡֻҪһֻѩĺӣҪʲôѩҲʱͻữΪġ

Ҹϵٽʱȴѩ塣ֻһվڸ߸ߵ¾ͷµףңĿɿڴѩһȻԡ

ʱҾһĵʹұϾû׼ֻĴ󣬵Ըһж

ҰѩȥҽԺûͼĸϻٽ¡һѲڣҲżѵʵµףҳ˿εĽˮʲôҲûС

Ӵˣûѩ塣

ѩҲȾ˾ϲ󱯵Ĳ

Ҳڻ֮ȥ˵

Ҵȥ룬Ҳȥ׷һˣֻ죬ѩ漣ĻǰһȻұģȴ

ţ˵ȥ˶٣Ҹ벻һ˻Ϊ˸˴ۡ

ûбȥһˣҿóжڶޣʹ顣

ǣĲ㣬ˣȴҡ

ȷ

Ƕߴʹ಻ʱȣȻʹ໹ں޵ļʵȥһʱ￴ģʲôŮˣҡʱһ˸ңҲ֪ҽңֱҲ֪ǹװŮˣҲǹ㿴ģҾҪƻһ˵ĻΪΪҡǸͬһˣ㻹һˣȻһȴҲ࿴һۡҺޣҶʼ

ԭˣԭֲͬȥôŮ˰ֲϺǱҵ̸ֻɣϺǸ֮ͬˣֲ绨ĸҹõİĦŮ޷õİ

ҴˣһֱΪҵԹҵĺޣΪȣڼҺȡ֪Ͳȣ׵ϲǣΪһˡһʧȥȶʹֲ࣬ԸһõȶҸ

޷ȥȴʱдϵı顣

ԽҲԽŻݲ°΢ԷͣҲԷ͵Ļᡣ

ڳ˷µ˫е˱ҲԼ

󾹱ҪĻҪ

Ťȥͷѩ롣

ǣѩ룬˭أ

̲סʵ

ѩ˫̥ܵܣҺСʱȥ˹⣬ȣһˣֻҡѩ˶٣޺޵ĵ죬ֻһĿģΪҸ籨𣡡

ʵкܶ໰Ҫʣô֪ѩˮô֪ѩѩĺӣ

ȴڱˡ

ѩѩ

һ˺Ȼƴȫĺ

֪ǰһǲ壬׹

ڱĺֻƼס֣ѾɳţҲ޷ḧҲһֱŵõ

ؿ΢ҲֹͣԶĲˡ

ʱɽϣƼκʱҪ˺ѷεĿ

Ҳһ̱ڵء



ѩˣ죬ңȣֻƼûȥ

·һǺصˡҿȣƼȴˡ

˭ҲûǻرܵɣҲȥ֪֪ɲ𻹺ãһ;κһܡ

һգڹ԰Ǹ߾ȫȴڻûֹѩıĽ㡣

ͤӱϣشˮ˼š

ߣһ˵İ㣬ͤͤ

֣û΢ЦҲû˸رܴˮ˵۾

ȣ΢΢ЦЦѩƽת뿪

ǡ

ʣ㣬ң

ҡҡͷû˵

Ǹ㣬ҡȴûлعͷɿشˮ˼š

ʣ£

ģȻа㡣

ԭҲǡǾҵģֲǿջЦ

ʣҪߣ

ţҪȥϺѩǱߵļ

Ҳ⡣

ʵѩӡǰֹ̫֮κһӰǵҸ

ҳԾȻ

ֲѩƼ˵֣һϲûСԭи֮

ŵ֮ԲȡַʽҵĻȻҲİңȴռġ

̾ϢȻת

ҿ֪Ǵʲôʱʼ㲣˫ǰ۾ģҲˣ޾ʹ࣡

ǣ벻ҵķʽˡҸ벻ҡҧҧ촽ӿˮʹиƽ޻ںޣ

ԭѩڸĹ֪

ѩȢȣǰȣҪõ׵顣ΪǷװѹ˾ɷݵļ̳ȨԶڹĵܵѩ롣Ҫȡ֮Ҳ֪ʵѩϹ˾ٷ֮ʮĹɷݶȡ֮ԲǷóƸûʲô飬ѡ˷Ƿ飬ֻǰһּءЩɷë֣ī㣬ͷ·ѩϹ˾Ķ³ڣǰȸĹػ

ѩʼնǺһ˵ģѩ屻ǲʵοΪκѩҽԺѩѪʱĵ֪ѩǸĺӡѩϵģһ˵ѪҺ

һ˵ıһ˱˵÷񲣬㹻ңٲʱֹ

֮ҪķʽȽ׵飬ð˶Щ죬⹫Ƿ飬ȵõӦеҸ

һֱ׶ΰţ׿԰ôƲȣȾһǸˡȵҸȴ޹ıһ˺ˡ

һ뿴ģزŬʵ׵Ը

ѩվڸ߸ߵ¾ͷһĿģҪѩǻģȴֻ֮ȥʰ㲻ʱһĻѰдϺǸ,ѩ׵Ƶҽ֪ѩѺãȴܹĳ޷ܵݼԲԴϲ󱯡ǶģҵļܹȻ£㹻ǿԡҪǶμ£ֻģĵʱ龰Ҫ㹻ǿȴֻܿԼ

һ˵Ĵ룬⣬ȣǱӦ

ԸΪ˸Է죬ûΪԼƬı⡣ѺʱʼոͷҲǾ䡰ӢۺЦ̳ʫֻȥĲ̳þú÷˼ļ

һкٲ˵κһ仰תƮȻȥ

ĬĬĸ

ȥϺغֿˡ

㣬ȴӱܡ

ʼûлͷ

ȴԶ̲סת

ܿתȥôᶨĸǸ㽥нԶˡ

ôʹ֪ҵһλȻȴûܲõ΢ЦֻףԹϧᡣ

仨ʱڣ紵ҺƮɣˡ

ְ֣

ͯѩԶԶĻҡ

ת

ҿѩȻЦһһˮĿҡ

ƮĻ꣬ȻһҸӣʧȥ˽޵ɫ

ůůģǡ

ȴ֣Ƽȳȵŷţֲִ磬ЦŴƬӣ橶

Ƽڽŷš

ڵ绰ŸңһȴǶԵģǾŷţǽˡ

ȻӿĪͼȴԥšҲ֪ҪҪǣһҸողʶģȫµѩ롣

ܺõ̫ůϡ

ȫ꣩

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