ãصС˵ www.27txt.com ӭȥŶ
վԴȫתԻ֧棬ȨУ

콣
ߣ



ȴ͸Ρ˸죬гͣǽЦķ콣ɽׯµһׯٸٸǣֵʥأΪֵĽΪ콣ΪЦ
û콣ɽׯЦֻһӣһִʿǣû콣ûнЦ콣ɽׯȴֻһţһõĿտǡ콣ӽЦ콣ɽׯΪֽľɫѤ룬ġӢۣǵģЦӢۣΪ壬ΪĺˬΪĺñƽ𣬸Ϊе콣Ƕֵ콣ֻһѽҲһ׽һֽн֮ȣҲ֮⣬һˣϹơЦõѡϹѧ˽Цʮе콣콣ֻʮУȴʤǧУϹΨһһѧЦ콣ˣֻǣͱȽЦҪǣ˽Цֳһͽѣ˭ϹƵ컯˭ܲ̾һ˵档ЦǱϹƣϹƣֲܲЦӣһЦϹ˼ǣŮˣϹƵãһ֪ԼʲôŮȴ˵ĳΪ콣ɽׯŮˣΪ˵ľΪǽЦӣΪ콣ɽׯŮˣ
˵ЦϹֵܣΪ˵ЦϹƵͽܣҲΪǣţЦϹԼ֮΢ĸ飬ϹǶ˶ͬġ˽ЦΪЦΪϹƶĸǴģģʹһ쵱ϹͬңΪһӢۣһӢۣ
˭Ҳû뵽ôһ죬Ϲһ߽ͽЦķʱȴֽЦЦˣúܲңܲңҵüѪʷ˹ȥҵϹŻµ˭ҲûлɣЦǱɱģ϶Ǳɱġǣ˭ɱ˽Ц˭ɱ˽Ц˵ĿⶼϹƣΪֻϹƲֱ졣ǰӡͻ컢һϹƵУһϹƵĺѣΪϹƷĿɳΪ֮λִһҪɱϹƣһҪϹƣΨʲôҲû˵ʲôҲûΪЦһŸӣ˭ҲҷӤǽЦģǿƽЦӤȡ˸֣ϣ콣ɽׯ죬һĳ󣬳ɳĵλ֮СƴĸŽЦ书ȴܱĽһ丸
ȥˣӮˣӮúóף磬컢ˣĵλϹȴѣһУһڳҹ콣ɽׯȥ¥գˣüΪȫͬ覣˭Ҳ֪ǺӽȥģϹԴҲû콣ɽׯֹ˵ϹƼɱҲ˲ţϹƲû콣żڽżһЩСķˡ
֮ӮˣܵˣǣϹƣ˭ҲǵܵܣֵܣУ˭Ҳ˵˭ΪǰǰǰЦܵȲӮУҲУǣе˶ţӮһңֻҪô

 2 

쳾ʮ꣡
ļУܲν֮Ϊƺ̵СܲѾƽʮ꣬Щľľĺ˯ˣֻżϹƵţŻῴѪǱӦǻ컢ĵܵܣϹƵִΪƣţ컢Ϊǰĳ谮ΪѵҳϣȻܶ˶̵άϹƸемҲΪٵΪжֻҪܹó
һ¶һ¶СֻǸһǽȴһɽ
һŮӽסҪȥģҴȥĵ͸ŽΣ͸ϣ˭˶ľܾǣԷȴ󿴲Įһƽĺûвûˮƣ
Թ·ֱţѾ֪ǵڼˣһٴΣһǧΣһΣʮΣÿΣǾǧ֮⣬ÿΣֱޡǣǲϷϷ׷˵һ𡣻Ե˵˽ϵһСӣǵȽļ֤ʱ꣬ȴѾʮˣʮ껹ĥӡۣ󣬵ôȽģ˵Ϊԭ򣬻øʵǣÿΣգÿʲô£һһΪģһȻ˵һ䰲οĻȻֺڲ˵һĻֻҪܹ§סļ磬ܸٺ£壬ҲܸĸоָоȻĻᲢǺܶ࣡
ӴݺݺݵĲԼһţԼֱֿ
ôˣһ̶һˮȪֻͣ˽ŲȴͷҲء
ҲʯͷˣݾԼ
΢΢˵㣬ȴ˵ȵ˽Ų
ιЦһ£ȴȻֽķ򲻶ԣߣ
֪ĽŲ˿ûͣ١
Ϊʲôһ£ô𣿡ּй˿ǻ
ȥɣ常Ҫȥ죬£Ȼͻȥ
Ҫһȥݱ˽ǰһҪһȥҲҪٿ˵ĻڣͲôˣһȥ㲻Ҫߣ֪ΪҺãǣǡݵ޶飬ÿοˣҾͺܺܣԸ˵ң㣬֪𣬽ҿ㣬Ұ㣬ҿ۾㿴飬ץס˽֣ԼϣһỬ޵ݣ˽ϡ
ݡ΢΢ͷǵֱֱĿǰûκεûнۡʲôҲֻһϹӣֻһϹӣԼҲ֪ԼôΪһϹӵģͯ꣬ѾûжټˣǣԺȴһЩ֣һЩͼȻǵԼĸĸǵԼͯ꣬ȴǵЩ飬Щӡӣ·һѾᱳдѵһͻ֪Щš
ңңҲ鷳ģһԹԵĸ㣬£Ƣ
ݣס˻ݵ֣ҪºΣգԴȥ㻹ǻؼȥɣһ³˻ݽץ֣ĮȻ
ΪʲôΪʲôÿζҵĶãΪʲôǲҺһұ֤ұ֤ҷƢ֤鷳ֻһ㣬ѵҲдҵʲôطˣΪʲôңΪʲôң㵽ΪʲôĶˣԸѽ㲻ңô֪ô֪һ߶һ߿ޣ˭˶ܲΪ֮ݣǣǽȴʯĳһ㣬˿ûиж˼
Ѿ˵ˣǲʺȥ㻹ǻؼҰɣҪͱϴ
ðϴҵѨɣ㻹ҵĻסᣬݺݵĿŽ
ҡûˣϴ˻ݵѨʹݲ㱻裬ҪͻȻ׻ͷôͲˡ
ݣĬ˺һᣬԷ㻹ǻؼȥɣҺܿͻȥңߣһ˶ģ˵ܸˣܲɣȻһЩȴĮɡ
ҡһʱ˵ðɺðɣڼҵ㣬ǣҪŶ𣡣ѵýϷ̬̬ѾǺܺˣҲںһů
ֻǵ˵ͷ
ιȽ߳˺üԶ뵽ʲôķĺɲҪԼŶ𣿣ͣһ£Ȼּ·ΪЦģ̲סͺСԽķӦʮ⡣

 3 

Ħɽ𣡻ֻԽ֣Ѿ֪ЩʲôˣѾꡣ17꣬书ܹʤһ죬Ϳʼɱˣʼˣ˼ˣ˼Ӿˣһһ˵Ľ£ɱ˺жȹ꣡콣µ콣ҲѾ꣡
콣޵еģнܱȵ
ʮͻһ䣬ԣͬһ书ͬһнĸҪȻʮٱǣܹнĳɾͣɱʵûһ򶷣һˣΪ콣콣Ľѱ٣ȴѾǶ˽ԺʮŻȻףеЩֺͼʵ书콣ʼֱǴ콣Ľ׿ʼģʱüһѾŲɣ
ĦɽɽҲĦɽֻһССɽ£Զ뼯ȴҲǽıؾ֮أˣɱ˲գ۵ˣӦýħǣȴҪԳƷΪǵּҪ켫磬ǵİãǲٲƣɫϵ˲Ҳ˶˶ĳңǾ˸浽ǰȻ˶ͬĵλǣȴҲʵΪֵİΣ£ɱɱˣҲþȵˣǸɱ֮УаڽĽ£ĵһʿ˵ʿ˵ɱ֣һɱ˵Ĺߣǳһ㣬ǣʮ֮һˣٿңɱҲǸɱ֮ˣ
ιСϹӣǲǾǸµСϹӣһϴ˽ĶУսְ˽ϡ
ιСϹӣ濴ʲôȻܹɱôˣ˵ϿͷһѽεģҲҪ㼸ŶǲģһŰ׾ȴŲײƲСӵ˴ϴ
󣡡һģ˦ŷ˹ҡͷŽȦӣͣĴŽ
ǾĦɽħʣ΢΢ͷĶ˿©̽ΧĶ
ʲôħѵ㲻֪˼ҽħһǺӵļΪֿ˳ŭ
ˣħħħҲһ֮𣿡ıһµĹͷ˵ǺУûٰͷϻ̣ǣȥҵڶŻ·ﻹŮ˵֬ۺеĺУе͵ԳԼǺУպͣɫ
УǷħħ˵Ƿ˾Ͳ˵ħ˵ħ˾Ͳܽз𣡡һ¾װ˷Ծпȥƽˣֻһ࣬۷Ź⡣
ѽ磬ôôͻˣ˵׼𣿡Сӵ˵
ѽ磬Ҳ˵ˣ鲻ϱˣԼ͵ЦӭȥȻǹͷòȴʮֵӢͦ
ޣǵûҪãǻ𣿡Ǵݺݵĵź͵ŵú͵Դ
ô˵ģģֹͣҡͷԡ
ܼ򵥣ֻҪ͵ȢУ
вУǺ͵ˣù˻ķϣһǰ̣ļңܵڡ
͵ű׽ȥ˰ɣǴ˺͵ת˽˵ǷǸԾ֮λĻ˽ǵģһ˵书˵ãѾкܶĽˣнϸϸĴŽ˽ֺȴûн۵۾ϡ
û˵Էڽϣ΢΢תͷöϸܵı仯λã
СӣưͣǺ͵Ͳסӣ˳־޳γǴסˡ
Ҵˣ˵ǵ콣ɽׯׯЦŸӣôûȥϹΪ㸸ĸȴﻨɱˣ
ü΢΢һ£
磬ǽҵĺģǺӵĴֺдЩĳ羴űҲ
ˣ磡С䲻һ´ֺͷҲҵģˣɱǵģⱿ
Ǵֺȫûֻһ£·䣬һܳҲܳ
ι磬Ǳߺˣ͵иҪһˣ磬㣬졭û˵㶯֣Ǳ߾ѾˣĽ۾׼֮׼ĶǴʺǰǴһһˡ
ۣϹӣ͵ϮֺһŭսȦֱɨʵ˫Ͷν͵Ϯ͵ϮǴֱֺһֱֶȶֵģȻľ˳Ǵֻ΢΢һЦ˻֣ŰѽΧסʱ⽣ӰһƬ
е콣һȦԼʱʱĳչȻλȴǿŲ磬Ʒ磬磬˵ĺԱģһ壬ȴû·磬෴Ĺż˴ֺ䣬Ƶ˺͵һ޳ԽսԽ£ԽսԽռϷ硣
ˣ˽ĹƣǿĶֱ죬ֻѪӿ޷λ˵һѹģ쳹ڽĶߣˣֲ巽ͬӤֺһʣƤ⣬͵޳ݺݵĴĺģһѪ˳Ϣţڵϣפ

 4 

ͣ
磬ģ͵ҲĨź
磬ʲôãеĽҲմѪ֪ԼģǽģΪѪ
ͽôǴЦţѹӸ˴ִֺһóͭࡢ
İ취ϹȫܱʶλһͳһϹϹӣܰôСֱͷ
ˣħħǷԸһϹӣ𣬸ɴ࣬ӽ쿪ʼǾͽħɣ˵һ͵е࣬Цţλħô
ãĸͬʱûһԼеվ˽ǰ
꣬꣬꣡
ۣۣ

ͬŴĶУַӣ쳹أֻͷʹѣתǿŲԼ¡
ιڸʲôˣһʵ߰ʹΪ֮һ̧ͷתķ
ιǣôˣһʲôӢۺúһΪ˽ǰһ˫ϸַ˽һ˽ıӣҿ϶һŮӡ
ۣƯĹ͵۶ֱˣϣ˵ڵϵǽʿˮ
ιˣ磬ˣЩһҩ˽ڼȽܾѾΪһ¶֮£ϵʹ˲١ףһͨҩ
ллڣԻϸŮ֮⣬δ˵һл֣˵ɬĺܡ
ף㣬㿴Ǹǹﾪ޽ȴִ۾һʱЩš
ǸϹӣ֪˵ʲô˵ꡣ
ԲҲǡģ
ûϵ΢΢ҡͷϰˡ
ɣղŰҩˣҩ
磬ˡͦأɵĹһ£֪ԼһȻͦأȴҲڷҪҩȬһģȴ鼱֮¸˽磬Բ𣡡Ҳҿ硣
ˣԶˣǸҡҡ֣ô
Ӧû£ɷŽվȣͷ
һ磬Ƥףֻ¶ָųޣųϺޱԣޱȣ£޳վñֱֻϧãȻֱֱĿǰȥЩ͡
ۣ˵Ȼһ治֪߳ܣ
ĦɽֲСܣվԶ㣬С㣬ʱҪˣСӹ˵
ԣԣ磬ǧҪѾܾûƯŮˡ
ԭǾĦɽħǲ棡ɹĸǵݣð˻𻨡
Сӵӣһˣ磬ǵĳҿడˣСӣңﱻɱˣϱǼˣٻߣʲôѱǽˣСʮֵ٬ɵĸˡ
ħҪȡһŭɹĸ䳷һһħơ
磬Сһ㣡磡ɹۿžνס
ҩȻҩȻֵֻۣǰܵĴ˺ȫʹһȦսȦƾźͽŲֱܹĸǾˣħĽһ㣬콣֮ˣ콣ʹ콣еʽӵˣٱҪǣûˣû˻֪˻̵Ľ콣ǸܣԼܣȻԻʮ֮ʮָмǣĪģûжԻ˵Ǹо΢Իݵĸ飬ԼҲ޷׽ƾԼĸоȥˣ
üһСŵ亹ֱðսȦеͭ˵һˣҲĸˣСӺͺ͵˰סɵĸ磬ôʱĳնԽУ콣ޱȣȴҲ޷ֲӾϵȱݣƶٱ䣬һΣ
ɽˮͻȻǰӣˮȸУߵ˽ĶУסƽ˽ãģʱʱͣʱʱңǰ󣬽˶ŵָĻŽУͬһĻ磬֮裬Žŭİ
ֺѣһʺֻüƺһصĵȥڴʱͣǣߵĵȴûͣ·ܹʹѾһһһĻӳؿڶһѪǴӡ϶һ죬Ծֱĺ͵һأСҲɵĸֱ͸ӣĵ˵ϡ
磡ɵţȻȴҲеĺ£ܹоļ£Ҳڳĳһؽʡ
㡭㡭һŵӣһְŽѣȻ޴룬ۿŽֱͦͦվǣϻûκεı飬ŭϲޱüͷҲûһ£ʵڲܰǸɱ˵ϵģѵ֪ɱĸɸоͷƤЩ顣
ɣߣɵĸҲΪŵľݣĽǳһϹ֮еܲ˼飬ǾþõվǶһ£סõֳ෴ķܣɣλͷȥǸ˵Ǹôأɱ˶ħ
ֱͦ΢΢Ĳ˹תȥķĲ濴ô䵭ɵģмǣмΣʱɣûĵӴ˽٣ѵõǣûһݣһðǵĽȻһհףһŰֽʱᱻȾɫն

 5 

˶ĵطΣյĵطҲȫĵطԣо֮жʿ߻Ӹó棬ָ˻켣о֮УץһҩġˣģҲĳһӵĽҲĳһĳһɵĴ
򲢲һȴסɫɫĽˡ
ڴϣûж˲ĿΪѾˣǰѽҲͬһˣߣΪֻǸƭӣƣֺ۾ῴƭҲӦװһ
ιСӣǸϹӣһݾݵ˴յǰ
λ磡΢΢һ֣ʲôط
˻֪ڽǰţһץס
λ磬ɷָ·뵽ջͶޣ˳ߵķߣߵ
ŶͶ޵ѽЦţͷһͿ˽Ǯңôһת̧ͷȥ۾ãͶһΰɣ
˵ʲôû塣
ŶûʲôûʲôҴȥһתһַֻס˽ھʹȥջ˵ţһֻȴ˽Ǯҡ
ʲôһѰסֻ֡
ʲôɵϣݺƵﻬһ¾˽֣ȡǮңҲƵṦ
ιǮһңеļУѱܵķλȻķȥ֡
С͵ĶܣͻȻԽ׷ȥһ£ԭأ
Ǯңûã΢Żص˽վĵط㣡һþϲˮ
ùǮңлл㣡
ǾȹǶеɣֻڴһװ˵ҿɲʲôҽߣЩ˹Ŀ⣬оЩʮֲڣò˰ɣҪҽܸѸ㣬ߣһѵܣ̲סЦ
ȥɷæȥջ
ҸҲʲôУҪȥջðɣҴȥҲҪȥˣǣҾ㣬׼ٽҹҽߣߣָŽıӣͻȻֻ÷ˡ
ߣ΢΢˵ͷǸȴϳϡ
ɣҴȥֻһҿջҲסǣץס˽֣ȴֲֽ֪ΪʲôôˣЩ֣ſ֡
ûûʲôһȭͷȻһ֡
Ŷɶû˵ǣοȺȫ˽Ǹָֻ֣Ƕͬ顣
磬һˣص˿ջΪûпշɰѽǰµԺﶫ涼з䣬סڶ棬һס棬ԡ
ɡһٵӭ˳ָָĽָָԼ·˻⣬߻ˣѣɡ
ţô˵ɵͷҸأ
Ϲȥȥˣ˷˽䱸Ҳ
ʲôʱɵ˲裬ȻŽķ򺰣ιһɣ
ţͷ׼ȷߵɵߣ׼ȷ
˿еЩ֡
ҽнɵݸĲ衣
˵һ漴ֵȥ
ôˣɲ⣬Ϊʲô֣˵ķӦأɵֶһ½֮⣬ʲôԾĵط
Ϲ壿ѵҲһѵǻ컢ϹƣһϹһҲϣһϹټһȴýܲɣ컢Ϲƿ϶һģ
ûû£ǱΪЦҡҡͷ漴Ŀת˽ôʶλսСѵģ
Ŷ
ǰɵĻղŶɡ߰ȡǮң
ߣջˬʵЦѽˣ
ɵȻ֪ΪʲôЦΪ
ˣˣҲЦˣߣѵǰȥԷɣҲˣһķ糾СŪˮúϴϴ
֪һ˲裬Ҵȥվס˽ʱջ˲ŷ֣ǸϹӣУȴַˡ
˼ţһһŽ֣ɺϣǡǱˣǻ컢ûǣüǵǾһ丸ޣıнЦµ书ķܹһֲ©İʫĬдֻǣֻǸղվǰǸǷʮǰǸ֣֮ûʲôϵ
컢̾˿ʮˣһ߶Ż׷ɱһ뷽跨ҪҳǣЦ콣ɽׯ˸飬ȴû䣬ףЦĶأϹðұЦ鲻ǳļţмǵ˳ΪǵĺѣߺñǻɽɵĵӣȴǳǣŻ켺ûнչЦһӢܣ׻ôһطأ

 6 


˵зɸ봫ˣһ磬ݱ㴳˻ķʰװ׼š
Ҫȥģϻع񣬡Ҹһȥ
С
ҾҪȥ죬ҾҪȥ
ѾͷҪȥĶ֪֪Ҫȥ𣿡ͷѾףϾ²ˣѾʮжˣ
Ҳܣץס˻֣ܹõԳǸطһܺ棬Ҵ񲻿ϧճյЦš
ðɣҸ㣡ÿ˻ݵ֣ҪȥǶֻһСļ򣬲棬ԹԴڼҪܣһ
ĴյǰǲǣĴ۾һһģȥÿɰ
ǽ֣һ˽ѵûбôýŸ˵㶼ҪѵҪ޸һϹӲɣ
Ȧһ죬ôףô˵ɶӰɣʲôãһҪأֻģֱޡ
ˣˣҵС̣һݱݵӣֻͶãǵãҴȥȥ𣡡̲ס̾˿治֪½ǶԻǴ֪࣬ǡ뵽ݶԽһ̲ס˸䣬ѵԽģҪӦŮͷϣУ··
ҪţȻҪأ˶ӻϸϸһȻŮݳˡ
糾ⲻ˵ģһ·ȴΪ˻ݣƶҲȤŮ˴֣Ҳɨȴ;Ͷ٣Ѿ⡣
ǲ򰡣УҪҪǰȥݿ˵ͰǽԼǰСţЩȷ
ӦÿԹȥȹ֮Ҽҿջʵˣͣסûǰ棬ݣȹȥ˵
ŶСĵĲţСúܱ£̨ףֻмһСβƽ̹ģһһƶ㣬²СĴˤ
ͻȻ˴ߺȻֻµһͣ˵ʱʱ죬ǰأѻֻûݻʧɫҲǼûѾˤȥˣ
ݣŵǱܹһȺڵؤû˵˻ݵµİܣ³ͻȻȻݣץˣһ亹
ιİһЩŵ´˲ȥ׷Щؤ¿ȥֻһʮ˻ŻŵƣסµĻݡ
غǣݾͿˮʱ˲֪ĶŪһ°ѻ˻ƫеĻڵϴ֮ͣĽлš
ллԲ𣡰ݻŻȴֲСĲ֣ʹɱһĴУûһվȣһεϣֻǣһεʵǲɣأͷͷǣݺ˫סʹŵĴ죡
죡漣ֹͣ˽ЩֱĿŻݣֻκģЩ֪Ȼ
ݺ˹һĽݺݵһȭ˵ϣñȳϼҪޣϼ༸ġ
ݣû°ɣһԾ£˻ݡ
ţţֵͷҡͷѻƺͿˣҲǰûſ˻ݣһ
ôҲû°ɣ֪Ϊʲô˻ƵĿŻݣзǵӶ񣬷һĪиС
û£û£ѹæ±ִŵ֣û£ҡͷ̲סĿŻݡ
ι㿴ûУһ𷽲ŵľѣȻ峿ϣĵһǣһǽģôô§סôôʮ죬׽ʱһǣû뵽뾹ǰ˵Ȼ֪ǲĴȴǨŭ
㡭ˣôСӣЩ̡
û£û£ʲô֣ʡ
ҽͣ˼һĽ
ͣ΢΢һЦʲô
Ҳ֪ǽ͵ʼ磬;û
Ŷͣ˼ĵ˵ͷջŮݣղŶˣЦݿ䡣
ݣĵظһ֣ͻȻƷӣû΢Цѣ֪ܹΪݵջ׵Ľ
ݹղţղǶԲˣҷģҲǹģ;ֺ˵ûֻǾվһߣ
֪ͣղЩʲô𣬻Уʲôطʡ
Ŷ˵ղЩ˰ʹֵӣﲻ֪ʲôʱҧһоֻЩؤѣ
ؤҿǸǿ׳ӣǿȥҹΪʲôҪأЩ⡣
Ƕ䣬ͦǿ׳ֻءԼͷﶼЩ⣬˭˭ù
˵ǶǷӣһ
ǣҡͷǲǷӣֻǶֺйˣ̰ǮʱƴǮûǮʱԸȥ͵ȥҲԸȥǾϵġӣ
Ŷ̲סͷ
ǹٸ𣿡˼һᡣ
ܣôܣܵ𣿡µĲо½үܣ˭ܣ
½ү!½ү!?½Ƽ!뵽һˡ
ԣ½Ƽ½үүӻУĿһۻ˵½үˣĺܣˮ򣬻ڵˮӣֻҪһ½ү˭˲֪˭˲
ˮ򣬲򣿡һ¡
ŶԭҪȥ򰡣ڶˮһ߲˵ˣҪҪȥֻҪˮͿˣȻ죬͵͵Ŀ˼ۻݣˬ˵Ҫǲʶҵǿ԰·Ҳţʼ磬һνӡ
˭Ҫ뵽Ҫһ̲ܲסѿڶȴסˡ
λС磬ѵôģǾ鷳ˣǰλҰдżֿСԵĺøУˣȲȴȥ½үһɣˣȻˣҲüһ
ԭ½үѰԾ״ʮֿŵŴ죬۾ȴ͵͵ĿŻݣѿʲô½ү֮ûϣӦǸˣΪٻ
ǺǺǣģܹЦģҲ⣬һִź΢΢Цţһץס˺ݺݵ͵ĻݣûЦǸ⡣
ʵڲͬеӣ𷽲ŵľǺޣҪҡŻ֣ͼ˵
ݣĿһۻݣҪˣ
ߣһ˦֣С졣
С磬ǰ·߰ɣûŮЦת͡
ŶĪĿ˼ۻݣ˵ͷߵǰͷֹ֪˵Щʲô
С磬˵ʲôû壬ݸֱۡ
ŶŶһֱͷ˵ǵ˹ֿϧģ
ˣǵˣݾҵĶҵİݵǵͨ졣
С̲ס
ι㡭а취һŭĿӡ
˵С㣡̲סûгʶȻ½үѣ½үĵطҲضɷнµҡͷ
һ£㬵ʻ˵Ļ

 7 

ˮˮֶˮйأңֻ·Ҫˮֻȴ򣬻ȴˮˮһµˮм䣬Ӳӡ
ഫСԭһ򣬺֪Ϊʲôԭֿڵӣǣǣͬ磬ͬס
ҪлΣҪгǲķףǣɻ飬ҪлΣҪгҪһµɷһµĿ½ͷϵȻְдףﾴȣҵˣſϻΣſԽҵš
ۣûղƯɻһװߣȻղ˵ĵֵĳ棬ʲôˡ
Ҳһģ˵
ιɻܣʱ糺죬һȣٴˣҽߣߣǸ۲۵ˣʲô
΢΢ҡҡͷû˵
ʱһƯιʲô˵ÿʵιһϤɵĶУӭ棬һǳŮǰܣһ׷ȻҲǸĹŮӵȴҲһĶ˵ˣɣö˶ڿŮӣΪ㵹
ͣ

ɵľûгڣŮӼͬʱĽϷ绯ģӣȴ˽һһŮͺͻݡ
ߣ㣡ֵܣĻˣ٣˷ܵһȭɵļϡ
ѽܲ㣬ôָʲôɱ˰΢΢ʹļ磬ͻǸӣøˣôȫ𣿡
ˣȫˣһ㲻ʲôظЦ۾Ȼһ̧ͷȴ˻ݶԽһı顭
ûˣ㡭ѵõĿһȴĽһʱò֪˵ʲôã˽Ļ
ݣȻȴҲܹĿ⣬ʼɡǳЦ΢΢˲ӣƿ˻ݡ
˭ʹյ˻ݵߡ
ǽ֣ݽĻش
ǸϹӣͿ˽Щȷ
ֵͣĵһͣݵŭѾˡ
ɡһ䣬϶סˣѣ
ŲأŻش𣬡ֻһСæѣֹȻע⵽һߵɣоǰλӺ֬˵㣬û֬˵һϵûУıģмȥ࿴һۡ
ôǣ䲻סѾ٣죬״
㣡ּݺݵһȭ޹ȥﵽɵ󣬻ö˶ţתͷȥͣ˵ֻǴɰˣ˭ϲˣֻǲСġҡҡݵߵͨ졣
ɷԼһζǣֳܱϾͲ֪ǸŮһΪĺֵߣֻĺֵܣͻȻڵװϻָŮװʵڲ˼ּӣȴЩ̣΢ҡҡͷָָݣָָָָԼ۾
ǺεȵĴһѾˣǸϹӣͲû˵ֻ˸ϸ΢Ķô֪أԼԣŻ˵˿ڣǸҲϸĵĵطϸȴϷŪ̲סֺݺݵĵһͣѾܹЦˣмɵ˵ͷӡһӺࡣ
٣͵ɵҡͷںһۣ䵹г˼
ʲô𣿡ãȻʣܹоܵı仯ǣϾǸϹӣЩǺεģҲѾӦΣֻż
ûû£æ˵ˣһλ˭ݶĻмȴֲ˼֣ʹҶ
Ŷҡɸشȴʹˡ
ѽһִɵļϣҵĽֵܣߣߣǻݣʶá
Ŷݹ§ţɾЩڡ
ˣģʲôӣݿԽԽ˳ۣɸĺøҲ˸ۿۡ
߾ͲҪҰ˭ˣô˵ſɡ
ͣɿƵվǣ֮ͬȻټϣǰУֻн֪ǸŮӣȻ֪һ۽ûУͣôǺݹ̧ܣг𰡣
УҵģȻ
ģҲǴ̵Ĵ⬣ֻԽ˵Ը񵹲ȥźܶƣҲѹͻᱻԻ
ԣԻЩãȻĿŻݵŭݣ벻ͨԼϲһˣĲ˵˭ܿϲǸǸϹ۵ĽҲֻ˲Ż᲻׵۹⣬Υѡɣ
Ǽ˹ˣͺݺݵ˦˦ͷŬĲԼȥע⻨޵ݣѻһ
ô㣬ʲô谡Ī֪ͺ«ʲôҩ
ݣȻ֪ʲôϵı飬ǣӹһ΢ĸоһֺ΢ֻᣬԴĸоݣ常ģ뵢£֪ѰĴ𰸡
½ƼҵȲˣȳ㣡ݻص˽ߡ
½Ƽ֡
ԣǰһԺ̹书ݻһڣʶԼѾй¶ݣæס졣
Ƚ˳ԭˣջһַڱһֲָͣŻݣջѵѵ
ҵôܲ͸ղŵľٶ̯ơ
ԭɱ֣ǷȥɱĦɽģ̲סʽ
ǣɱ֣֡ʮֵĴ̶ǣȷɱ֣ԼҲ޷ϵģɲû˵
ֲáǲҵһĻѹݵȥɱĸˣѹȻȴ֣ѹȥĮ飬ԭԭǸɱ֣ɱֱѪĽϣ߱ɱӦеʣ
ۣԭѾˣǱɱģ̲ס˷Ҫ֪ڽϿҲǴˣ㾹Ȼܹɱǣ˶ȥ
ûϲɫûκεı飬ûлش
ʲôһ˾Ϳ԰ʰˣʲôʱͱһˣȥʣɽ˫ɷūк½̹ʥĸĸǽһ˳ȥģݽŽĹ
ˣһ֣úܲȻǶЩ޶ĴˣԺϧ֣ô˵˵ǿɹģɱ˺ܶˣ˫մѪȣؿջվǣߴӰֳһƬӰ
ŶЩӵĿŽΪʲô
ðɣǻȥɣɿΪݵȻȻʮֲ̣ȻһԵ⣬ȴ޷ֻǿԻЦͣþûҸˣΪϴε£һֱܣڵӣһ˵ģӦѾؿջˣ߰ɣ
߰ɣɫݵӡ
ȻѾȻѾϵ½Ƽô᲻֪ΨһĿջڵջѾ췭ظһˣԵóԸֱɱĸ֮оĵӿ̲ס˻ǣ֣

 8 

ջ
һջýʧǣ˿ûд򶷹ϢҲû˿ɱӭСôæµͿ
蹫ӣˣͬѾ뿪һֽСͷЦ
ʲôһ£˵ˣЩţôֻһ˾أԲܣ
ԣĸ˵ˣԾ͸һֽ
ֽأ֡
ţţֽֽС˴ֽ֣ģǰǸԺֱ˰ˣǸ˵㲮ѣԣԡ
ֽˣɲ²⡣
ǣǣҪʲôңæˣСٶ˵ʮΪϼƣ
ߣˣҲǲţߵĸı̶ôҲֵһߵģ᲻ʲôˣ
֪ȥɸоԼҼˣһ䱦ξȥѵǳʲôˣ
ߣֻͣͻҲеĲԼͬģͬʱ˹ȥ
δţϡһϤıӰ˵Ѿô

常
Ƚ˳ҲһӾ͸о˻ơ
㣬㲻ǻԻÿǰƻ컢ˣֻǱӰҲ߷ֵƣѵѵǡˣ֪룡
ȣ΢΢һûв´
һô½ү½Ƽ˽
š΢΢˼ţקһֽǲǻ컢ıʼţǿ϶ǳڻ컢⣬һ½Ƽˣ¶вأû컢˷
˿϶ͻ컢йϵֻҪץ컢½ƼݺݵĶһۣһ֪֮Ĳֻ࣬ʦ͸һҿԽ⡰ɢۡĽҩѣ
ţ΢΢˵ͷоʢɵһ¾ͿŮװݣһŵ
㡭ЩɳƣǰһˣС࣬ǸǣƵŮӣͬϲŮװͬȴ־ǿɵпԿǸǿŮӣ۹һ׼
ǰ̲סǰǰҲ֪ߺǸ컢֮ʲôԹǣཻĺֵܣ˭ҪҾӲܣ
ŶֵܣɵĿ͡
ǣֻԼƣ뵽ԼΪв嵶ǳ˵ߣû׽ѣ
ͣʮָжǣ̫ŻΪͶŹԼŹûᡣ
常ͻȻվɵǰüҲ컢ǣϣ㲻Ҫ˺
ŶΪʲô⡣
ȹңĻش
ðɣ΢΢˼һ£˵ͷ֪Ϊʲôͣһֺ΢ĸоԳΪҵһӣûݼ޸ܱȼ޸ǿţǣŽ˵Ҫû컢ߣ
ǣϿκεı顣
ҹ
ɶڷУֻʱѰΣÿζýͻ˷䣬ѵʧȥյһȭϣȴֻøִ³
ơš
˭ûʡ
ңͣ
ѽæ֣ɣ
ޣŽ
ʲô𣿡ʡ
ޣҲûʲô£һԼͷһεЦš
ʲô£ֻЦֻ֪ҪԼͷôһʲôˣһǺֵܹ⣬ֻʲôأЦӿӡ
㣡ߣ˵ţЦùŹֵġ
ʲôɴǰȥ
˵Ұ͸ݣôһӴӻóһ仨ɵǰȴû뵽ǻ˵Ľһꡢֻ꣬ʣһͺˡ
ѽˣ̲סЦ
ңΪ̲סͣͣȻһǰ˵Ҫͻһǡ
ѽͺˣ˺þˣ˵ͻϲô
ûõģ˦˦֣ѵϲǽϲģˮʵˡ
Ҳ֪͹ôˣ漴ˣҿǸģֲãֲ󲻺ã˵ǸͲϲһԸѣ
ôֲ֪ǡ
ô֪˿ˣһ׼ģҾͿԿһ˼ҲûУԲԣ
ǿɲһ
ιֵܲǣ
Ȼ
ֵܾͲҪһ
͡
˺ˣҲͻȻɫĺϲݣҡҿ˳ԥԥѻ˵˳
ͣû뵽ô˵һסˡ
˭ǺֵأֻҪҾ͸ˣȻҵȷǺϲݡЩͷɥӡ
˭ˡ
ģǲǺֵ˵꣬һļͷˣȥժ仨ϲһƵ˳ȥ
ٺƢҲ̲סڳԹԣ֪ô£Ůװ˲Ҳûп𣬳Ǹ
ҿԽ𣿡˵ܲ٣ܲپ͵뵽߾ʹ˽
ҿ˵𣿡
ɡ
ߣ̲ס졣
ðɣߣɶҫϣӳУһػȼա
ʲô£
һ⣡΢΢ѹ㣬ǷϹƣ
ţɿ˵Ϲơĸֵʱüͷһ𣬡֮г𣿡ĵһӦ
룬Ӧ֪콣ɽׯ֪Ц΢΢ͷҾǽЦŸӣ
̲סһû뵽ǰ˾ȻһӢЦĶӣЦϹ֮ȻҲ˵˲٣ֲýϹ˵ķӦֲá
ֻһ⣡΢΢ۡ
ʲô
ΪңԣϹƣ˭ʤ󣿡۾ٿˣֽճȭǱͻ·һִ
һֱű𣿡ӵϿκεı飬ǣ΢΢ȭȴԿĵȣѵѾϲŭɫֻļۣѹ֣󣬵һڳУ˳ޣʲôأп֡лЦ
ֻ֪𰸣΢΢ͷ
Բҡ
㲻Ըң
ҡ
ȻˣǾˣվ
Ҳ㣡̲סڶģ֪һģֻǣֻҲûмϹϹƵ书
Ŷһ£ûƭң
ҸҪƭ㣡ɲˣʲô˼С֮ĶȾ֮Ȼġӡ
Բ𣡡üͷ
һ⣬𣿡̽㣬㵽ϲϲݹ˺͵ۣ̲סʸһڣȴȻǺ˽֪Ů֪ôġ
ϲôϲôνϲֺνϲҡҡͷɫȻ
ô˵ĻʦֲǺУɹ죬ʮֲĻشɵʦǻɽɵһڴʦһڣƽֻһڵ£ǾȢ˻ɽŵŮΤЦãʵΤЦǸŮӣֻ̫̫ˣһڴʦȢ֮󣬱ɽɵڵӣһʱֵûɽңΤЦΪ˻ɽİΣΪ˲ûɽڧ˻ɽ£ʱһʮ꣡
أԡ̲ס뷴ȴоףʱס˿ڡ
ʲôû
ûʲôָƽϲһ˻ǲϲһˣʱ򲢲ԼģԸʱıһ˵ĳԣᳯ෴ķչ
ţɲףֻ˵Ūˣȴû˵˵
ûȻ·Щ
㾭ɺԼţҲ˵ȱݵˣԽݣΪһɱ֣еľ𣿶ңԻݵͳвܴ˭ܹأ
˵УҲ˵ûУ£ͻȻЩʣһΣҺͷǻ빲ĸоԻֻû뵽һлصǰȻ֣ҲҲأҰֻһ˲ĸоˣֻǿ԰һвȱˣǡãȻ˻֮С
˵Ļܹղ˵Ļˣ£ǷԻأɲҿ϶
Ļ䱻ˣԼղŵߣǶδκȴΪλʶõŮǰ̹أΪȹ𣬻ǡ
ɡߡ㣬ΪҴһ𣿡˵յĵû׵Ѿǻĳû
Ŷɲ̷⣬ӻȡ˵ӡ
ĵ쳹žҹ첻궯ģֻԼƽһеĶԹȥֻ
磡ƽ͵ĵͻȻԽɾϲĽ˳
𶯣ֿ֮ĵɵѨƴӶ
㡭ּȴܶ

 9 

ҹǺڵģͺҹڽȴûʲôֱĶѣȻԶҵԴֻǣѾͣˡ
ʲôˣȻȴо˵Ĵڣ˾ǰԣȴץһӣ֣档
ɵĸ磡о˶ǿҵƣİģɵĸ磬ɵĸҲûơ
ô˵㵽˭ţһѾ˽
㿴һ˳ɵʻЩɳƣԲϡ
Ϲƣģһ˵ִ˽Ժɵ˳ֻѪӿ
߰ɣҲ˶֣һ
㿴ң侲
ǣ
㵽ǲϹƣһʡ
Ϲƺг𣿡üͷһ£һ¾ɵɫ磬ǵĽˡ
죡н΢
콣˾ʲôˣ콣ôϣ
ȻϹƣڿԿ϶ǰ˾Ϲƣ죬ҪѪ岽ѪѪδ꣬Ѿȥڳ壬ûκεʽûκεĻõƴʽɱԴһУֻʤܣˣʲôҲûˣΪ֪콣ֻѧ˲ʮ꣬Ϲƻ콣ϵʱȡʤĻʵ̫ССԶԣҲΪԭɱУϵţſʤϹƵķ֧Ѿˡ
һ£ͻȻһ˽ĶУһѽ˽͵ĳƣæסƣȴֻáꡱһ˵Ľ콣۳ϣ˰գһŮҲ岽Ѫɫȫޡ
ΪʲôҪֹңΪ˼޹ʧλᣬ϶ʱ˳졣
ģ㻹лᣡǺŮͦӣҧгݵ˵ǣ֮󣡡
㣬زʶ㡭ϹƲ⣬ȴڿŮӴӻóһ֮ɫ䡣
㲻ϵңϵⷽɣŮֳһ߽Ϲƣһֻչӡ
㣬Ϲɫ֡
ԼŮȡ֣ŮӲȻһЦԼŮȡҲͽЦһ
ԴˣףϹƺСŮϹࡣ
˵Ϲţȴ˵ȥ
ͣ˵ô˵ϹʱѾϹƲԶͣЩ졣
ҡҡϹֻ亹죬һδǷκˣȴСһƬ飬ǷԼŮϹ࣬δ£뿪Ҳûм˵չǷϲ
ߣϹ̲סЦЦϹһȻȻ벻ǣһֱ࣬ȵĿһذײСǱذ׵ˣϹࡣ
㡭ûûзͻȻЦˣΪԼĺޣôɱҰɣҲܽˣ
һԵĽ֪ʲô£ֻϹƵһƺߣȴҲ֪ϹϹƣһʱ޴룡
ѣϹкᣬ֪һҪҸģҪ㣬ǵһ𣬼ǵΪߵһȻһʹȴԶʮĵȴˣʱףⱲӸûаͲ䰮Ϲǿˮذס
ʲô˵˵ˣϹڰεʱüͷҲûһ£ȴϢʱˡ
ǵģˣϹ˿סˮ㲻ټʼ壬ˣԸ֣㰮ǽЦӡС࣡˵꣬ϹྐྵȻһݺݵĴԼϣʱѪֱ
㣬ʲôϹ־ʹסҡҡ׹Ϲࡣ
ҲҪģ˵˵ϹҲزסˮŮ˺ԼĸףģҪТŮԣԣҪԼҲԼһԣϹధĽһҲǸŮԲԣ
ȻСϹְֺޣȴС͸Ϲ࣬ĸǸӢۣǸɶõĺˣԣϹϹҲְֺޣŮԸ׵ĳ羴ȴΪƽһȫ˽ˣС࣬Ϲ᲻ӵģʱǻϲ
ôǸŮأҵĹŮҵĺŮ£ȥˣ˵꣬ѾƵٻʵϹ࣬ҲһվһߵĽıһƬյģȴҲģ
ϡ֪ܲɱϹƵľѻᣬһ˵ˣѽһֵĲɱǣԸղһĻŮϣ·ЩᣬûףĸҲʱȥӴ˲ĺ󱻸жˣĸжˡ
һɱǲӦиģѵĻ߱һɱֵսȻķˣ

 10 

컢Ϣ̽ģΪˣԣҲ㣬ǣһҪҳ컢Ĳ֮һҪȥϹƣ
ȽصջѾˣϹƺɵĸ֮ɣ½Ƽ¸סˣ½Ƽʹͷһԣϵɫһʱúѿ
ǣû磬Ϲˣģ·ԼһϵҲûС
ģһҿ϶Ϲƣ
ǣ
ǻ컢أû컢еʡ
ûУ
Ŷ·ظַ·ЩȻһ½뵽ʲôϹƽˣŽܹʤϹƣȴ֪ҲֻнܹȥϹƣֻҪϹ֪ݣ֪ǽЦĶӣΪ
ûУҡҡͷ
Ϊʲôеɫ˸֪֪ݣ
һһ룡֪ʱ˵˼֪ˣ֪ǽЦĶӣ
𣡡˵ͷֲŹ㣬֪ǡû˵ȥȴ֪˵˵ɱԽĴ᲻ĺ壬˵ĲǣϹ֪ǽЦĶӣ˵ĻǣҲ뵽ǽʧһɱϹƵľѻᣡ
֪ɬ˵һҳģȻ֪ǾͲѣ
Ŷֻһ£֪͹ٸǣǵҪҿ㻹ٺǴ򽻵ĺã֪ٸ˽ڽʮ죬еĲ춼Ϊףأ죬ò⣬еĽ˶ΪٸѾͬûǣʼˣɵľǺ͹ٸ򽻵ܱܣͼı
֪˵ͷˣ
ȥĶӭ棬ݺһ˹ס˽֡
ݣʮ͵Ĺ֣ͬҪ죬㲻Ҫͣҵֵ𣿡
ûУһܹҵģҡҡͷֲɵӣ̲סֹ˵æֻͻһ𣬲ȥңҵߣʲôôȻϲݣΪһŮӶȥԼõѣ
ŶĽֹͣôῴ͵ķܣǣȴҪȫͺͻݣԾûеơ
ȥɣŽֲϷţ΢ü
ǣҲüݣ֣⿪ݵ֡
ݲ߶ʮһַ˽ıҪͽһߣ
ݣεĵһԼŮʵ޷˼ôſϲƫƫһϹ۵Ľ治֪ԴЩʲô
ݣһ£߻һ಻㣬ҽȥ˵ģҪûҵȰˣ΢Цţʵĺ֪ܲΪʲôûɵϲ˻ݣȻ֪ϲǽȴ޷ᣬҪһ£ûŬͷͲˡ
ݣˣüͷʹĻϲϲϲأֻ֪֪֮һƻõ飬ʣܰ꣬ǲǰ֪ҲӲ֪˵ǰΪʲôԶ飬Ժܾöһ棬˵ǲǰΪʲôֲܵһ˺ΪʲôΪԼ
ˣƳۼ俴½ƼЦЦоһգȥͲȥʲôϡ˦ͷߡ
ͣ鷳չһݣֳʲôʧʱ˵
һġ͵ͷ׷ǰȥʱĿһ۽
常ˣȻȴʮˣһʼͿͶԻݵģֻû뵽绨мӣȻˣֺαѰأ
ǣ
¥
ӣ
һ쵶źʱ¡ˡ
ģźеľƱһĴֻ̽Ҫ뿪ǣһܰҳ
Ŵˣ˾ƾʹ
αؿأˣҵľˣһ֪ôأлܹΪһ£ԼҲˣźЦţֻǽӣ㡭ֹЩ졣
ʲô鷳𣿡˾Ʊʲô鷳ǾˣҾ
ӣ˵ﻰˣ˵ǰˣҪҸҲһüͷֻǣֻǣźһģ㻹֪콣ɽׯ
ʲô˵콣ɽׯˣһʮֺźĻ콣ɽׯ⼸֣ĶϸţźղΪվ
ҪǽЦȪ飬֪콣ɽׯҪһȺ˰ռĿˣһһƿͣһ֪ǽˡ
ֹһݵģӲ˽һ֪µϢ
Ŷҵ˭ǰСһ꣡óλӣǰˣ˵˵ʲôϢˣ
٣Ҳ֪ҵĹأҴǲͷ⣬أҸˣзڴˣ˵ţһȥĳȵ˹˹֣ҾһΣ
л֣΢΢һЦ
˵ɣ˵Ȳˡ
ڲֹǰҪǿռ콣ɽׯǸҲȾָһ
ɣ⣬콣ɽׯǽҵĲҵ˵Ѿûˣôֵʥأ˶Ҷôᶯأ
֪ˣ󣬡ȷ콣ɽׯ˵ֵʥأǲҶڲͬˣһȺǿ˿ڣͷ˽ڣͿ˳Ľ콣ɽׯˣ룬һһɽ콣ɽׯ콣ɽׯǵһ÷վǰ֣
ģ
ȻģѵҹϢм٣˵Ⱥ˺͸ԼӣŴɳ֡䵱ͻɽ֮콣ɽׯҪȥǻǿˣȻ콣ɽׯĹ⣬ʱɾˣ
ֺ䵱Ȼ£ɽǺең˻ˮҲȻȺ˵Ҳ󣬾Һɶ
Ŵ磡عͷղ˵ľϢɫЩɳơ
ǵģźղһһ߿ɫڵ侲˵ѾȥץסǸʸˡ
Ŵ磡ֳס˶ͷЩֲ֧סˣڵ侲ȫɱĻϰߣ鷳Ҹ˸Ҵ·˵
Ҫȥģźʡ
콣ɽׯͷźĿеľӨ
δȥ
ǣһϵ콣Դ콣ɽׯҲûлȥѾʮˣѾʮûлعˡ
ӣźⰴס˽ĽҪæ
ˣҡҡͷֻҪ棬˴Ӳܹٸ£ٸҲӲʽҲΪҶΪѣŴ磬ˣл
ӣжգǧСģź˵ͷȷ̫ʺϲ뽭ǣ˾ˣ˾ģ

 11 

콣ɽׯ
Ȼ磬ȴҲšҲ͸Ų콣ɽׯʮ겻䣬ġǣ·ڵȴʲô
ˣЦķһͻ񣬻Ũüۣһɴֺ֮ɫǾһЦĸף߷ףϮ˽ЦĺȴֿͦΪĸǸƮŮӣҲϮƮݣֻϧ۾
ТǣԭºҲݲˮһ˽Ц˫˹ľϣͻȻ
ʮˣѾʮûп޹žҹĿԵıң˲ǿò˥ͳƣ·Ҫžҹ
ãֹס˿ĺɬƣſڹľϣ·ǽЦ
˭ͻȻоһ˿ɱһţƵù콣Ȼһƻõ̾ϢԶȥһαϢ
콣ҷģҾԲñ˶콣ɽׯҷģվ¡

磬˻콣ɽׯǰѾۼ˲ˣдĵʿҲ¾װĽͣɵˣǱȺȵˣһЩ˴ֵġ
ôûɵµȳסͷ·
𼱣ǼȻԼһʧɣԺҲڽϻˣµɵĸ֡
ࡢλʿеĵλ˵ǼߵģǵʦֶɱѣࡢŰµʿֻϧµʿĶҲͽӼţ˷ɳλʦ壬ض콣ɽׯڱصá
ʦˣһɵһ̵˹Ṧ֮զࡣ
ʦ壡һ̫ŵβ󣬡ʦ壬е㲻ԣһ߲һ˵
ʲôԣ̫ŵֵܣۿԼĵӽʱ˷ľ̾߹ǸɵĵӣΪ⡣
ȻȺˣͷĺǶңɢˣ
ʲô˻Ȼ
ң˿ûУһ
Ӧòǽң̫ŵĵ֮һ̫Ųڶˡ
ңɢˣɵľ˼һ£ƽ壬㿴ûȽɵӣе˶
û⣬ǸŮǰ棬ǵһ£ѵлŮСֲ꣬úЩ죡ԣã
˵Ķһ̣ѾˣټɢˣʵСӣɢô˸һ𣬶ѽҪ콣ɽׯʲôʱ֮˷
λ֣֣֣֣üһᣬɵһ£ȴȻ֣Ǻ̫ɣɵ˾Ȼһ˸⣬дһȺ̲ס˳Ȼ֪ɶбȴҲʵʲֻһңɢ˾ͰųȻԳŴɣ֪Թңɢ˵ĿֻҪܹܿӽֻ
ˣµ˰ڰ֣ҲɾʦֵֵҲʲôңɢˣ
λڸô죿׻ѯʡ
˵µʼ磬ҪǺ£ˣ
㣡˿ᣬ뷢ס
֣ڲڧʱһλԸ׹Ȼ죬˵ֻ죬һԸңɢƵģ嶯ȴҲм˵ͷȥ
һᣬѾңɢˡ
ôֻʣˣŷһĿһۡ
ţ콣ɽׯҪˣ˭ҪǲԻµֵܽţɢ˵ϴվ˳
ãǵĹµңûоڶµֻҡҡͷȴûֹ
ʦ֣µ˿
ԣµ˺˵
ʦ֣ģҾɶµһЦа㣡
ɢһЦֻЦͷһõƷʨӺĹ꣬µ˹Ӱ첻
תһУ涼һµ˿˵ɶĸ֣ȴʹɢֲ£ľңɢ˷棬Գδ֣ˣһʱҲ޷񣬶ݹȫ֣µϰڼҹ򣬹ֻǧ֮󣬴ɢ˹㣬
£ǧ׹ͻȻµ˴һڡ
£СģµҲһŭ𣬲ûгȥһѷɵڷɳֱңɢеġ
µ䲻֪ʲô£ȴ֪ʦ־ẦҲܴɢ˵ȭѹ£ʹǧ׹ֱͦͦ˵ϣһöϸС˹ȥյĻ·һ̫ŵӵϣǵӶʱѣ°ĭ
µֻ亹죬粻µѣ̫ŵӾڵ³ǣ˶ȴ㲻˴ɢ˵ƣΣִӭӴһбһִӦսʤ֣µ˿ѪɵɢοϷŹᣬһԾϣƾµ˻УȻµѾˣŭһֱֱĻ˴ɢ˵ţɢ߶һѾڵϢ
£ôû°ɣµ˷µˡ
û£ˣµĨĨߵѪҾĲǷŰСӣ
Ǳߣµ˺ɢ֮İսѾµһɵ֮һӡһŽһɼȴɢ˸䣬ǣɢû뵽µΪһ𳤣˿˼ˣһϸСţë룬ȻԹ۵Ǻ̫ŵӵϣȴһöסɢ˵Ѩֻһ䣬һСѾֱɢ˵ѣɢ۾أԲš
ʲôŭǸ䰮µӵˣۿڶţë֪֮࣬УȴҲվ˳Ǹ溺ӣ
֣αҲǱƵۿҪֽæȰܡ
ߣµ˴ӱһǷ£Ȼûˣóһƿ˵ϡ
㣡һȴҲֻܸɵۣƽǷҩ
磡лŮСŷֵͬĸ츸ãֵܰһۣԴ֮󣬾һֱʲôˣ磬ôûˣ
ģһģŷһ
ɢ˶ŭģû뵽본˱У׼Ѿһս
ԣ⣬ǼţܻԭĽֻҪǰɨɾĵط·ΣУƻԭеİͲ֣ҪǾſͻȻ߽һˣǰľסˡ
ǣ콣ɽׯʲôͷһʮҵˣ΢ЩȴҲʮִ׳ɣǵ콣ɽׯʲôš
ʲôˣµ˶ţȥˣܼҡ
ң飬ǰ콣ɽׯˣͦͦӣ˵
ڻȻ
콣ɽׯˣײš
û콣ɽׯˣ٣ɫǰǻΪ̧ۣ콣ɽׯѾû䣬ûбҪ
ã㣡ŷһͻȻɭɭ˵ôʲô
һ๤ˣҪ콣ɽׯһָЩѾɵ˵Ĺˡ
Ŷŷһ˵ͷ
磡СͻȻ޺޵˵ŷһѯʡ
ãŷһǵ˵ͷɱ㣬СӲ
˵ţһƱ顭

 12 

סֻ֣һŭ˷Ӷ˿ʱѾѳ˴ŷһΧһʮҵվǰֻһ磬Ƥףֻ¶ָųޣų΢
콣콣ͻȻ㵽˭ôнҵ콣
콣˶һ
콣ɽׯˣǽס֣лл㣡
㡭㡭ŽĲ֪˵ʲô
ǽƴԼĵļȴ޷Լƽ
үүүݺᣬү۾۾ôˣڽǰȻš
ûϵģץס֣һЦ
е˶һʱǣ̫ͻȻˣ콣ɽׯͻȻһˣһʱ޷ܣϾ콣ɽׯѾʮûˡ
Ҫɱ㣡СͻȻŷһסˣһúã֪ΪʲôҪ𣿡
֪ʲôֻһʱô£ҳ
ûҸͲҪʲô콣ɽׯǣ֪֪˴콣ɽׯ⣬һģ
Ϊʲô
͵
͵ŶĦɽħ
ûСɱҵδ򣡡
͵δ򣿡üͷֲã
ҪѪѪСǺһ˳
Сãò㣡һֱû˵ŷŷסֵܵȡöܹ֣һ𡢿硢꣬治֪ǵĸĸô뵽ģ
磬磬ɱС߽ţųлŮȹ²֪ԵӢۣȴ͵ΪҸŮȺ͵֪֪࣬лŮС꣬ŵһ֮ȴǼյ¶ˮޣȴСޡ
ģӲģ˵ѾΧס˽ʱɢҲѾΧסɵࡢλ
Ǵ򲻿ˣǺһж˵ϣ콣콣Ľʣ콣澹Ȼһ㽣ʣ֪ѵѵЦõ콣ûгʵ콣һȻ
˵ʱ٣ʱ죬ȽչѾԱ֣õ˫йͷϻй̣ҪһƤ
硢硢磬ɱСһ󺰣ڳˡ
ԼĺҪͣˣһ֣ƣɽӣʹ̿ˮΪ֪Ӳȥ
ǻҲԶǽһԾɣܿѹͷ£ͬʱλ㿪ͷ㲻֣㿪֣㲻˽ţǣֶ㿪ˣȻδߣһӲְθ˶ɡ
ǣΣȴ㲻ΣһΣҲˣøֻȣһӳֻһȦסʽҲȵ˵ϣûվȣһڽţֱ˹ȥ
Ȳ˵ļսߣѺɢµ϶Ҳһս˵ʵǿɢˣǣµɢһĸʽ׺ݣµˣµҪչԵֻһ˴ˣˣȴҲ·磡µ񣬺೤ʱ䳤ˣռϷ硣
ӣСģͻȻС͵͵ųһѷɵԴӽݣͲж콣ɽׯͷ鼱֮£ǳʾԴжԽ𾴣ֱüͷ̫Ŵ˴εĴˡ
ŵȴڿֻƿ֮ڶ֮ʱʮΣ
ŭһᱳķɵ£һʽ޵סӣʽ޵콣ӦֵһУֻһмԱˣֲ۾ϵȱݡ
磬磬磬СģСֻݺᣬûʧɫ
ʱŷֵܱ޿ɱܣֻмܣֻŷһһͷƮɢ裬ҲûŷһǱˡ
ҲڴʱСķɵˣƫ˽ĺģŷֵ¶ĵ΢Цֻǣ΢Цתۼţ
ɵֱֱĲĺģ˲ֻ֮ʱʲôֻôС磬ֹͣͷ۵һ˵ϣ
ôܣôܣСסˣ˵ûӣôڽأһַɵѧңɢ˵ģ˲ˣȴ廨ֻ̽ȥôС磬ʵڲš
£ۼ⣬һ¿˽·¶ĽɫħӵĽ˿ףħҲʮһŮӣȴɱЩˣǸìܵĽ壬ֻǽѾ伣ȴû뵽Ľ˿׻ڽϡ
ɱħӣŷһŭʵ뵱Ҳħڶ׷еһħӲ֪ΪʲôԭѰ
ûУüͷǸӹһ˿̻йһ˲䣬Ƿ·һε¡
ûУûɱĽ˿ϣŷһŭʵ
ʱֻҽУŷֵתͷһңɢʣµֵѾѪ֮УµҲȾѪػŻԵµˣֻµûܵشֻǺŷһһ㣬һͷƮɢ·һ㡣

 13 

ŷ磬ΪǱ𣡡ңɢֻȻѪ֮Уȴûֻǣ书ѷϣһˣ书Ϻͱɱûʲô˵ңɢһнĶԹһ»úܲңʮףһȻ֮е϶һһԼͷ­Ѫ粻ѡ
ŷ磬ΪǱ𣡡Ҳһеһ࣬һʺ
ڣȴû뵽Ľ֣
϶壡ŷһ۶ˣҧгݣԹ۹ˢһ¿µˣµľѡ
磬ɢ˱𣡡
ԣɢ˱𣡡
ŷŷҲǼۣͬʱ̤һ
һԣһˣµ˾һսãһ
ѵҪ콣ɽׯôµͻȻЦһã£ǲսܲܶѵ
ǣʦ֣µһЦµˣȴµѾˡ
ʦ֣ʦ֣ˣأѵЦţվûңѣ
ãµһѷסµˣֵֵܻܣ˭ֵͬģ
ߣһϹӶµһ£ģǾ˲һͷ
ỵֵֻ̂С껹ʮѡ
磬磬磬ڼǣҪϵ
ŷһǣµ˵ûȴǲʵ޺޵ĿŽʰʿΪɢ˱˳Ը㣡
ǰһսһɫء
ţ콣פأô˵콣ɽׯˣ콣ɽׯҾ콣ɽׯˣУһнҶҲӦҪҾңñ뿪
ܣŷһŭУ
ݡ
ʱµ̲ס̾˿µҲŲסһλ˹ȥµ˰ѪԽԽ֪࣬ٲߣʦֵҪ콣ɽׯˣҲ˲ʲôǰӣһ֡
ӣȻ콣ɽׯˣôˣǾʹ˸ǣ
룡콣һְ֣˸ơ
У
ߣ
֣ŷһĿ߳콣ɽׯ
֮ͼٱأԶµ
磬磬磬Ǿôˣɢ˵ĳ𲻱ˣС̧ͷŷֵܣЩš
ߣŷһ޵Ŀ⿴˽ȴûٶ֣Ϊ֪Ž˿ףͨĵ˲ǵ취
ϹӣСۿֳΪԼŭģ֪УȴǲһеķӶ𣬳־һơ
ֻǣûϵǣ֪ǽûж㣬Ͷ㲻Сһƽʵʵ˽ϣʱһƬСԼҲû뵽Դ򵽽Լİƣˣ
Ϊȷɱ˺͵ܺ͵Ǻ˻ҲΪʲôҪɱ͵һʵʼǸĲ˵ģ͵ɱģԣһƣǣѡһΣһǻɱΪǸɱ
Ϻޱ飬б飬˿̺׵Ҳʵڿʲô
㡭СĿŽʵڲ֪Щʲôֻôһ˲䣬˼ͣе¸ǰԼǵͯ꣬Դصĸ֣֮Լĳҹͺ͵һĶʱ⣬ͻȻԼɵɵɵ̲סЦ
ЦޱȣַŵˣȴΪΪһʹںͻȻ˵һˣĳǸĳߵֹۣǱ־ĸλͬĸ츸ĳ֣βֵĿˣǳı꣬ӦǸֵСˣڵлŮ֪ĳ谮ʵΪǷΣǸˣմСӣСڵСꡣ
ǣǶֻǸǶСЪ˹ĽǸˣΪ˵õ˵书ϧ£°һʵ޿֮һͱ˿ˣȻˣСҲˣлŮһ˾ɷķŵŮӣ
Сֹס͵ʲô͵ǿһֻǸǿ˿͵⿿Ļһ㲻ͬǶֻһѡ
ǣСճյЦţҡͷƾˮˢӣۣۣѾûһˣȲлŮҲСˣĶȥأĶȥأ
ôᣬƮƮȻ߳콣ɽׯû˸Ҳû˸ҽħһ
ããŷֵܾʧ룬׷˳ȥҲ˲Ͻ

 14 

ŷֵ˲ԶҲŲס콣ֶʱˣһսļߣҲֲ֧סˡ
ӣ˼ʱķס
Ŵ磡ź⣬һź⡣
Ŵ磬ô⣡ź⣬æǰҲס
£һŲסˣҲü㣡źг˶Խӣһ콣ɽׯΪ֤ǴҶΪ֤ǽЦĶӣ콣ɽׯˣ˵źѽ飬
λλǽӣ콣ɽׯˣ˭ô˵棬˵ڽ˶ϣ
ϲӣϲջ콣ɽׯ
жʮܹƾһ֮ȱݵ˶Ƕܹġ
ӣջ콣ɽׯɾ޶飡ԽĴøУʱǾ壬ˣֻһ仰Ҫæ˵һһ
һǵþ˵ͬۡ
лǰ˵ͷ
ңǣתۼ䣬ɵĵһ˸ɾ
⣬ŶӣҲˣΪεĳ˹֣ʱ콣ɽׯֻʣǰ๤˺źļ졣
үϲջ콣ɽׯݺᣬ
壬ض񣡡æַ壬㲻ɶ콣ɽׯӵĻģлˣж֮£򣬾æҲȥ
үʹãʹãԹбͣӸ¹ģɷҲ
վ콣ɽׯʮǰѾûˣ㲻콣ɽׯˣҲǵǸСˣ壬ͲҪԾˣ
ʹã֣һΪͣΪͣģ콣ɽׯˣ콣ɽׯĹʹˣҲҪ콣ɽׯ
壡һж
ׯͷ˶ҶɽûΪǸֻôһ㣡鰧˵ү书ǿһҪΪׯͷ˱һҪΪǱ𰡣
ǣһᣡǰһ壬֪˭ɱҸĸ𣿡ȻѾ϶ϹΪУĸ״δ˵ϹɱˣǴˣʲôأ֪
ϹƣȻϹƣҧгݣȻûۿɱׯȴ׶Է˳ɱׯϹ磬˴ֳһ㣬ȻȻʣһʱ˵ȥ
ֻԼϢŨأһʱˡ
ȻҪǿˣ𣬡ϹƲˣǿˣȻֹǿ˵С࣬Լӣɱ˲Ŷʮ꣬Ϊⶾ֣ҧԾʱѾӣһҪΪׯͷ˱һҪΪǱɱϹƣɱϹƣ
ֻԼѪӿһʱ֣·𿴵˸Ѫܵʬ壬·𿴵ĸ˫ۣţȾңȾң
һһΪǱģϹƣһҪɱ㣬һҪɱ㣡쳹һʱܶǡҪɱ㣬Ҫɱ㡱Ļ
ããڻ飬ĬĬ
ˣźһֱŵ飬壬ҲҪѹˣ㲻Ҫ콣ɽׯԸأأȺͽ˵£㿴Σ
ããҲˣᣬǿЦţүȺŲͷ˵ȥԸǶǸЩɵ˵Ĺˡ
Ŵ磬ǲʲôϢź¡
ԣź⿴żޱȵϣʱֱƽ޲ипǧԽദľԽ
Ұķ˵ֵܣ˵֪ǲԶһСһֵܣ裡
ǣǣ˵ͷ
ӣĶǣҿ϶źⲻ⡣
һ뿿ֱһ롭΢΢һЦҲôɺϣ
֪ý٣뵽գǵΪչ׷飬ţֻҪҵã컢ϹƾͲԶˡ
֪ôǲǺңĪģиͷ
˵ʲôźû塣
ŶûʲôعɣݣݣͣȻȴʮĸо֮ľ𣬺Ȼģϲͣȴ֪ŮϲݣϲȴݣôɵһϲΪʲôƫƫҪϲȱĽأҲôɵȻϲͣΪʲôװ׸ͣǸϲأͣôıһͷݵŮֲ̫ˣ̫ˣĲҲⱲӣעҪǷݵģֻףܹҸףԿ֣
ôź
ȥǣڵţź콣Ľʡ
ҪҳϹƣ콣ʣȴʵĽһâ䡣

 15 

ӺСȴ
ɾȻɽҪ
߸磡һĽš
̧ͷһһµϹҸأ
ŶͻҩأϹҹչˣ֪ǸСӣһŷȫϵɵϡ
߸磬⿴⻨ÿ𣿡еĻɽӳϹ˫գԵû˽ΪŮҲ־ۡ
̲ס̾
߸磡Ϲϲ¶СŮĽ̬ȡЦң
У磬ƣɫ͸죬Ө͸ƮݣŮ·һԣŻӦŮɢ㡭˵ȴϹ͵һ㶣˻ݿĺֹ˵ݣѵѵ
ɱԼһ
ģģôϲأѵ֪ѽ⣬ȷǲ֪Ǹңģһ㣬ֱһ㣬̲ס㡣
߸磬ôˣϹĪĿɡ
ûʲôûʲô֣͸ˣҪϹ࣬ǸСһεģ˵Ϊƭģô죬ôأҪǲԽȥĴԽ󣬰ѽ⣡
߸磬û𣿡ϹۿɲͣĴ֣ӣЩģǲǲʡ
û£û£æͷ֣û£û£ǺǵɵЦţʵڲ֪ô
ɡСܣǶ⣡ˣһ£ȥѼˡ
ףɿڼϹʱһ£жʱţô᲻ϲ߸أ
߸磬˵ʲôѽϹһһɣֻǣû
Ŷûʲôûʲô֣磬һ£
ʲô£ЦųϹͷߵɵߣʲô£ôأ
ι磬ʵϲϲ
ʲô⣿߾ǵͨ졣
磬УæסĿڣֻҪң㵽ϲϲ
⡭һ£õɴ۾֪ԼûɣԵ޹˷ʱ䣬˵ͷ
Ǻϲϲɼܡ֡
ϲȻ첻ֹȴʮֺ
ǺðɣҰø㣡
ʲôһ˵ʲô
磡ɶ˶ţһĶ䣬ֹ˵˼仰ֻߵɫ粻ֻǵһͨ죬쵽˶
𣿡ԥԥ
УôУͿˣ˵꣬ɴǱߵϹ˵³ȥһ£ҸɣˣϹشѾһˡ
߸磡Ϲ׷ֻÿԶˡ
ߵߣ
磬߸ڱܿң֪Ϊʲô𣿡ЩյʣղŻúõģΪʲôһת߾ͱأʵڲ
ţ⡭£ϹĻɡ
磬ʲôҪ˵𣿡ʣתߡ
ţ⡭߿Ӳ֪ô˵ˣ࡭á㣬ճյĿ
磡ϹһգȴЩŭ㡭
Ŷ˵֪Լ˵ˣôƵģֻһʱ֪ô˵Ϲվæץס䣬˵ϡ
˵߾ɽ̵ȥ˵㣬ǲϲֵܣСĿϹ࣬Ҫߡ
߸ҪҵģϹһϲͷȥ߲֡
˵ǣȸҰɣ˵
ţϹ˵ͷͷǰ
㣬㲻ϲ
ΪʲôϹһֱͦӣΪʲôҲϲѵѵ߸ʲô֮ͲϲңϹѣȻ
Ϲ⸶ӣֻһʹɽ̵Ļ˾⣬֪ҲߣҲе߸磬֪жܣ಻㡭
֪˵ʲôô߸׵ܵܣ㡭Ϲ౯Īһߵϡ
߻ȻˣһʱˣһѰסϹ࣬Ҹɣ߸ʵɣҲߣҲߣ˰ɣ
ɣߣϹסˣ˵ãɣϹףΪʲôġ߸硱˵Ŀ㣬ԭԭһǸŮӣֲá죬ֲáҹչԭΪҲǹԲŻչԼ̫ɵˣôôɵϲһһĹϹֻĪֹסĵ
ޣްޣֻۺۣæóæİˮϹ⸶æҵӣо֪˿˿飬ᾹأԲͣ޵Ļ

 16 

һ£ʵɲûԶۿŸϹᣬ֪ѾԸԶˣһȥߡ
֪ôˣһߣһţͣݣݣ˽
٣֪ڵôˣĿĵš
ҪңͻȻһϤɵĶ䣬ȥȴ˻ݺͣԣ˼ҹͣôᵽˣѵġ
ɶһԣ֪лݵĵطͺܿнҲплˣٸϹ鷳
˵˲ҪңĶŽ 
һΣգ˿ûв˼
˵ˣֵܣҡҡĽ˭ҲҪ˭˵ҵĽʱһͨ죬飬ģһԵɶأ̾ѣݱ֮Ϲġ
ݣˣץŻݵļ磬Ǹʲôõģ
õģ֪ʲôڳΣֻϲһԶҲϲģ͵֡
ݣҪ˵㡭ͲϷ
ˣɫͣٶ˵һ飬ҡϲġǡ𡭡ûУҲϲģԶҲܣ
ˣݵĻĴϣʵǲ֪ʵֻǣϷԸܻ䵭ҲãҲãֻҪߣ;óʵÿ֣˽ȥݵò԰Σ
ˣΪ֮ݳ䣬գﳤȥ
ݣݣͽ͵ȥ׷ȴȥ
ݺݵģһȭϣȭͷѪˣ޶á
ͣǺοأ̲ס˳óһס˿ڡ
ллûмľϲֻ΢΢ЦЦһûˡ
Ǻøã̾˿ߣЩ㻹ðɣ
ãɵ˵ͷԼЩᣬȻԽһδػܣŬȥĵ˸УЦš
ŶͿȴ˵ȥ
ͬڱˣɾԼɵڸһƵģͶʧȥģӦǼ£ȴ
΢΢ҡҡͷ˵ȥ
ȻݶԽһȴ˽
˵ݲ˽Ͳ⣬һѾʮˣ
ʮʲôã˽ǲ˽⣡ɱ粵Ȼ书ǿҪ˵İϾȱݵˣ˭Ҳ޷ϵʵԼײԣ΢ȲΪȱݶñƲ𣬴ֵļǿȴ޷ĨɷȱݸĲ㣬ȻݳʲôӣҲݵҸҿ϶ϲϲݣչԱУԱԼҽݣҲĲϲݣ
˽͹Ŀɣʶûжã
𣿡Ҳһ¡
ǲǽ˵ʲô
ûУЦţϣ˵ʲôŶ֪ˣϣ˵ͲϲݣϲˣԲԣΰɣô˵ֻأ
ҲᣡЦˣģҲˣҵĺֵ֧ңһֵףЦš
Ŷζȫ治֪ԼЩʲô˵Щʲô
ˣȥݣ£ҪҪһȥ
ˣͻȻúۣҲ۲Ϊ
ˣ;ٲߡ
һ£˴˳
ɾһ뵽ղԽµĽۣһգ֪ţôġ
ɡ
гԼıɼһקס˽ֱۣôˡ㣬˵ڽĶϸ
ͽ˵ʲô
ûûʲôɻعԼôקŽЩףæſ
ߣ̾˿ˣһᣬһ֪ŮĻᣬǣɲҪֻģҵȻл㣡תͷ˵ͣ鷳ݴϣԺ󣬶ܹúչΪͶݵж⡰Ժ˵úء
㣬ĲϲݣĻ
ĵ˵ͷ
лл㣬ϲ񣬡һģ˵ţҲƵ׷˹ȥ
ƭҲƭԼɲš
ѵԼ˽Լ𣿡߽˼
ǣ˵һҲϲݣԼҲŵģɿ
̾˿ô˵ֻҪģʲôں
һ£治㣡
Ҳ㣡ҡҡͷ
ҲäĿģ˵仰ˣȻ֪ȴʧȥע
֪ǰ飬ңǲǰ鶼֪̾˿
ѵĲϲݣӲˡ
ˣ̧ͷһ⣿
ʰɣ̹Ȼýһ¡
ôͻ컢һģ
Ϊʦû˻ʦҪҺ͸æһ۵Ľҩ˿û
컢Ѿʧȥ书
ǵģѾû书ˣһ˽һһɣ·˵ôô׾͸ˣ
Ϲ壡ɾһ
뵽˽Ϲ֮ĳޣǶ֣˵ѣףôô룬ץӦúǣôѣԼһʱ޷Ӧ
Ϲƣ˴סˣû뵽ҪϹƾ˵ףϹƣҪɱΪҸĸ𣡡Ŀѷ˶ϡ
úãϹҲһû뵽һϹ书˵ĸߣ̫У˳ϡ
δཻѾ裬Ҷ׷£ϹƵĽ֮յĵڵһ
콣Ϲһ䣬ݳϹƹ˲ö룬չ콣ʽѽһƬӰ֮£ͬһ콣еġ޵Ϲʹ
ɺȻĿ־սȻĽʽ׺ƴκϹƹ񣬽콣Ѿʮ꣬ôҲ߲ϹƣݳһУϹƻУֻľѡ
Ϲ壬Ҫ˽ǽЦĶӣɼš
ʲôϹһһͣһ
ղû콣ʽǵȴһѵʱڣᵽˣ
һС˺һעȫӦƺƽһУȴΪıߺͼȵĺ⣬ǿҰڸԭӦеƣ˵ΥһСԪһġķھȴҲֱָϹơ
ǣϹƱ޿ɱܣһһС޵˵һͬһʽкټ콣ȴУ޵ǼΪһĽʽ˺һ콣Ĺƣ޵ס˺һĽʽ˺һҲơ޵µ޵
ʽģǻģʤ븺ˣڽҲڽС
Ϲһ𣬽ס˽ĳơ
ֻһͣǱҲ޷ʹҲѾղˡ
ۿҪϹˣɲĿãס
ֻԼҼʹнҲٲˡ
㲻ҵĶ֣Ϲְؿڣʱٸ˽ͦ˽һҲҺãͣһ
ÿ֣Խפأûվȣæȥ
Ϲƣ㲻ɱңһģһ֣߳֡
Ϲ壬û°ɣɿϹƵ˿΢΢߳Ѫ
Ϲ΢΢ҡҡͷüͷţãȻĿŽԶȥķ
Ϲƣһ죬Ҫɱ㣬ΪҸĸ𣡡Զ˽
Ϲƴ

 17 

ȥأУĿĵţ׷ȴ׷˻ݣ֪Ṧݣڶ
᲻ˣͲ²ţȥ᲻ᱻϳأѾЩˣҲֻһ㣬Ǻܶ࣡
㿴𣿡ͻȻһϤ̧ͷҲ̧ͷ
磡־ϲ磬ô⣿أҲô
ߣ̧ͷɻĿͻȻһЦˣֹƭңЦš
ȻˣϵߺϹࡣ
ôأѵǲҵߣѵǡ
Σյĵطȫĵط߿ɻ
ѽӻѱ߲أƤµᱻԣϹҲЦš
ţţͷߺϹӵ˫Ľ˸УʲôʱҪȥˡ
ˣأɲڣȥɡ
Ӧþǰ棡ָָǰһѺյˡ
ȥ͵˵ͷܹȥ
ɹȻͼһȺУЩСϷýζʱֽкãֻǣֻǺЩԾ
͸оЩֵֹģĶأ
һվɵĶ棬Żϻϵ壬촽棬Ӣֻǣֻ۾Ķɣһգգù֣
ιڿʲôɷˡ
㣡ûлع
ңһ£ʲôÿģһתͷ͡
ͣһϲ뱼͡
סɵ·
ʲô㡭ּ֣Ѿǰ
»ʹ﷼һ
һ£ݵĸ磿
ԣԣԣݵĸ磡üЦԭǻԼˣʹ
ӣˣֵߣȻʮֿ㣬Щ֬ȴǹңЦš
飡˰ۣ⻰û˵Ҳ͵ڵǰˣҲ֪ΪʲôҲйٵŮˣһɣֻԼĶ˵·һ㣬ĳʮǰѾˡ
ǰɣЦи¥֪ɣ¥иӣĻһȵĺã֤˾͸һӣ
˵ˣҡߵͨ죬Ҳ֪ôῴġ
ֺαأѵʲô֮ǡɫɡ
֮أǹô㡭
ǣǣϳˣЦš
㡭֪˵ûڼ
衭㡭ġǸ۾
˭㣬飬һһϹӶ̲ס͡
Ϲӣ˵;ˣ֪㡭
ʵЦദôãͬͬ˯֪ǸңһϹӶ硣
㡭
ҲߣҽɣҸߣɹ졣
ɣǺǺǣɵЦš
ˣоЩԾῴɶǱڵ壬ɹҿ㻹ǻָŮװɣָŮװһʮ
ôȵݣĵ˵һ͡
ǲһЦţʩЩŮӣŮӵһĿɣ˼Զ
ɸоЩڡ
ɡСܣʲô𣿡ߺϹ˹
磡װˣǶ֪ˣΡ
𣿣һ£ЦˣҲã㲻֪Сܣǲϰߣǽд
ֻˣϹ೯Цš
ͣ߸ͽܡ
͵ͷ׹ˣҲƭˣ̲סǺǺɵЦ
Ϲͷһۡ
Ƥһͷ
ɹھͻŮװλ¥һۣЦţȻõѣôҲҵˣ
ڣҲŲҪأЩŤ󣬿ңĶȥŪŮװ
ҪͲ͵ǱȥɣŤͷ˿һ䲼ׯԶ֣߹´ꡣ
үʲô£
ǵһ£λҪȥ·Ը
ǣһͷһѾȥ
ɹɣ˸ơ
⡭Щ
ȥɣϹһѡ
ǣðɣɵͷ˹ȥ
ɳˣûãɴ˳Ϲһƿɵ˵ͣͲˤˡ
衭ߡɣͿˣģǸǷЩ֬ߣŮװ֮ƮݣֻƮ֮أԻӢֲӣȻ֪̫֬أȴĻɡ
ɣǱһ㲻ŶϹʱĻƺͺͿЦ
һһ̣ĺһ̵Ȫӳɻԡ
ɹʹ˿ڿˮ㴩Ůװˣ̲ס̾ݵѾ˶ʮ꣬ѾϰΪǰӢɣһµĸо
ӣȻһЦ·Ǯ£ӷ˻ϡ
æֻ֣Ҫ£ǾǸһӣҸ˻ôõ㻹ǮˣֻҪ֪ҵ⣬Ǿˣ۾ŵһ顣
ôԣҡҡͷȻݹĸ磬ֻǳμ棬ô˼Ķأ˵ţץס֣ӷϡ
ӣִֻỬޱȣһʱΡ
磬߰ɣɶһЦȻסߵ֡
ȻѹѾԶˡ
ү˹ҪҪ׷
ͣҶţҪǣ
ɵӣ᲻ֵ֪ܣֻ֪ͣû뵽ɳôûҵȴôɸˣⲻԵʲô΢΢һЦ

 18 

ɣû뵽ôãϣһŵɣԽԽٳ޹ֺɲϺһˮϴ裬޹ֺ˯Ӳ·޹ֺ
ģǱ˵ûһȶ컹
ͣʲôͣԴ֡
ҡҡ͵ֱţһͨ졣֪ǸԸͲʲô뷨ڲͬһΣһֲͬĸо
㣬ңɱúܲ˼˦֡
ҡǺǺǣͷɵЦʵʵƯ̲ס˵ﻰģݣĹƯһ
Ưʲôãϲȴӡ
ǣҲ֪˵ЩʲôɻӴʱ޻˵Ժ﷢ҲЦС糾ŶһЩĿĳ£ȾûմȾʲôϰס٬ⲻ˵ģɻжʱ˵ϲɻָŮװһ˿ɰ崿Ů˵ЩǰؾһڣҲϷˡ
ͣôˣ㻰ˣɵǸоЩˡ
ûûʲô뵽ɶ֪һУ;оһ˿Բλࡣ
ôˣ𣿡ɷĲԡ
ûûʲôҡҡͷˣҵҩ𣿡Ǹʧȥ书ˡ컢Ҳ֪õʹߺϹĹϵѾǲѳ˻ˮˡ
ûУ̲ס̾ϢԹܶҩûãʦ壬ö˶˸ôص֣ûڻϣԼҲⲻˣԭ컢Ǳһڴʦʦµҩϲоҩڻ滹˱ҩۣʲôԼҲˣһڴʦϵ컢Ѿ书ȫϣһڴʦЦϹƲɱ֣ʦȴ˻컢ⲻȥһ·컢һѰܹ⻯۵Ľҩ
ҿǰѾˣ̾
˵͵͵͵ɫݵأ
ţ͵˵ͷʲôԡ
㲻ȥ𣿡̲סʡ
Ϊʲôôңûġ
ʻаʼ硣
ɣһץסɵļ磬˵ݵϲʲô
ʮСϲѾٹˣҲֻͬɷ
ǣȻķſɣһ˺ۣü
ΪİҪرģȴòŻۣҲü㲻ȥƽϻرÿһ㣡
𣿡ͻȻһΪҵòرԲŻᡭƵĿɡ
ɱܿ
أѿڶ
ңֻԼѣȻǿţôˣ
ɣͻȻʲôˣһжԣֻǰȻʲô֪оĺһ̧ͷʲôأǸΣǸжǰ⣿ֻ֪֪һůоܰܰ
ɣ㲻Ҫر𣿡˫ְɵļϣʣᣬ㲻𣿡
ͣ㶵Ŀ֪ͣ˵ʲôĲ֪δ۹⿴Ҳûô˵ٵֵ
ɣͿеоʲôһ£ʹɵɵĿԣôõһԵȴȥǲԵݡ
뵽ݣ;ԼĸˣɵĶӡһ£§뻳ѾעɲһԣֻĹֻͣһΣ
ɣҵĺãһӱģૡ
أɰԼ͵ĻͣʵԼûģݣһĵŮӣҲֻнܾ˽˭Ҳ޷ջ
ǽģ𣿡ȻһЦҵģ§ø
ô룿Щ͵Ļ
ʲôʱƭ㣡ͼᶨġ
ǡԥһ£ʼ޷أ
ôأͿЦ
أɼ֡
ɣ㲻ң͵ɴ۾
ǣ
ôҪҷģãҷġ;֡
ҪɰûõģӲΪʱԼΥԼԡ
ãҴȥݣҪҪȢ㣡һģɣ
ͣһ£˿ܡ
Ҳһ취

 19 

鷳㡭ŵģһ£ҪͻȻʧȥ˼ݵֻҪܹȰݣͲټˣϾݶǼʹ¡
ͣɺʧ
Ҫҽүŵ˶ǡ
ҽͣѣ͹˲ɴ˿̵飬ֻҪˣɻԭģͶһŲɡ
ŶүŵüЦ
֪ң͵ˡ
Ըи͵ͷŵЦţҽүɣҽ˴ȥСһСˣλȥҽү
ǣС˴Ӧһ
ͤ鿣߹ٵСС˰ǴһȽľķݡ
Ǿǽүķ䣬ˣСһָɫĴţ¡
ƵҲͶ˵ֻ뵽סַܸоЩ죬ӺʵںЭУӦסһûдţȴֲʧŵĵطϵĶȥһûдŵķء
̲סЦ
Һ㣡
Ȼһ֮ҲЦˡ
㣡пͣҲɣ˭оɵ죬ļЩԻҲ˲Ȼ
ɣҲߣɵ˵绨껨еĻһ˵Ľ次
ԭǡݳһȻֿɣ·ʲôͣҵģ㣬ҽģɡ
ǣɾǱҪģ͸ı⣬ҽ
ҽʲôݲȥˮϸϸĿɣǲϲԡ
ݣһŭݵĻ΢΢Щ˵
ɰҡҡͷݶԽĸǺѸıˣأ̲ס͵͡
ɫҰ
ʲô£ģȥЩ㲣ɫƣ
̫ˣɲò¾֪̲סģѿڶ
лģĮ˵
ݵɴ۾ɣɫ졣
ɺ޲ôһԼͷʲôʱ򲻺˵ƫƫʱԽʾģݲ˲Ź֡
ݹᣡȻݿڣȽͣҶԽûʲôģϲǡ
ýͣɵĻûбҪͣ
ɾýԻʵ̫пˣ治ţһˣ˵顣
ʲô˼ݸո˵۾ֱʪˡ
룬üҶ˵Ѿˣ˭ңҲ㰮˭һ޹أ
һ޹أ˵úɣݵ֪ҴӺСͰ㣬֪ΪʲôΪʲôΪʲôǲϽأҵĶãҵ䲻ˣʲô㣬Ŭֺ㣬ںǸ
ԣǸϹӣͻȻ˳ҲҪҪֺãԼ˼룬ԼȨ㣬ǧ㾡ȥϲ£αҪңѵо𣬶ԣҶ㲢ûиоϲ㣬Ұ㣬ǣҶİõĸоӶ֪࣬ôѵôɵôͨйһξ飬ҾԲٷڶδ
ݴסˣйһξ飿ͽһ𳤴󣬽ô֪
ǣ˿ݣʮԼĸоҶҲаǣҲƭԼҶİ֮Ů֮飬ôȢأҲŬ֮飬㵱һҵŮǣ֪Ƿܻ֮ؼʱ˵ֻãֻá
ˣѾ棬֮飬˵öãȷǸܺõĽڣǣǡĨĨᣬΪʲôҪңεʡ
ݣ̾˿㲻Ҫǿʶ
Ҫ˵ˣҪ˵ˣסԼĶ䣬ǣ˵ˣ㲻ңǣΪʲôܾأΪʲôܾҺ㣬Һ㣬ҲҪˣȥɣ
һԲεĶֱֱĻ˽һźɫӣѾ䣬û˹
㡭ѪӽĶͷ˳ݾˣƵȥ쵽;Ҳ̲סĵίһţɱȥ
ݣеʹڲŷ֣Ѿ˸ˣҲ˲ɣһе׷˳ȥ
ͣûнгбûаգڸ˲пʵҲʹʹĿһ޲
ݣǸöãóһס˽˿ڣĵ˵һ䣬оӽһ
ҽݣ;ͻô˼ýݣɬ˵һ䣬߻˷䣡

 20 

ݣͲһҵݣվһСӱߣСģкɫصζ
ݣҪѹˣֹкʹ
ߣһѳ˼ƬҶ˺
㾪ˣ
ݣαغأͿЦţ
Ҫŭֹͣס˶䣬Ҫǰ֣ҪҪ
ݣʵɣһ֣Ҳ㵽ôңҲںǲǻңֻ㣬ϲ㣡ĺϲ㣡
ɣݲĿ
ǵģɣ̾˿ϲңǽ
Ŷݵ۾ˡ
ݣұ㣬Ҿ㣬ҾȢɣǣڼ֮ҷҵľ˵ĴҸ㣬ǿȻݿܰҲһǰ㵱ãֺαǿأܹ׵õҸ㲻ҪȴƫƫҪȥǿòģݣ֪һͬģ̫ɵ̫ɵݣɵͿˣͲҪɵˣ˽ɣǲǽңֻҪ˽κ˶ʹҸҲںǲǻңģֻҪܹҸҾѾˣݣ˽ɣûҸģһģ
͵֣ᣬҡͷ㲻˵ңȴôƾʲôΪҿ˽أ˵öԣҺһͬǵģɵɵǣǽʮΰôܲҪʮΣôܲҪʮΣ
ݣͻȻһжǳϷһ׷Ϸ׷׷ݣ׷һϷðɣ˿ҪɵǶɵɣҪɵɵףݣҲģûз֮ǰҲҵΣݣǿ˭ɵ˭ܹɵף˭ܹõҪģ
ͣôʯĳҲΪЩжˣȻɣɴ۾һĵɡ
ɣԲ𣡡ͻͷҲɣھεĿɣҲ֪˵ЩʲôĵǶԵģҸɣҰɣ˰ɣҲֵʲôҲֵôã
ͣɺԼЦѵ˵ܵ˺ѵ˵͵İûôǿ𣿵ЦȻǿЦͣ㲻õǸҲûҪʲôر𣿡ǿĻعͷˮڱǰ䡣
ҲʲôöݿɵıӰͻȻͬĸо䲻һƣ˵˺
ݣʲôһԲϵ΢߳ӭ棬ͽ˹ݣĴ֮ôһۻݡ
ίĿһۻĽ֨
ͣôɻ̲ס͡
û£û£һۣȫʪ͸ˣæףšš
ȥ·ĵǰȥȻĿֱһаô͵Сϡ
ǡָƣɫһʱ˵
Ŷ˵Цţ̥ǰɣһˣ
ǣ𣡡ֻðƽ֪ΪʲôϸϸĶĪ
ǰ㿴ʲôأʲôôͿԼһʪ֮⣬ʵ벻Լʲôԡ
ûû£ǿԼĿƿȻһתȴɣľѣ֪Ƿϳ˵ǸСӡ
λǡεȵһתѾ˭û˵ơ
ɣҵѣæ͡
ɳͷ˿
Ͱֿ˿ͣһʪҿס°ɣŪɾϢ졭
ˣǻǻؿջĺãæܾȻǺһ𣬵ɵݣΣգô˵ɶĺѣΪ˻ݶվ
Ǻðɣͷǣ
ǣͷ
ǣǸˣͷһýǣѵɵˣֲ󰡣
ͣɹ߰ɣ·˵ԼķϤ
ǰˣͳ˹֣Ŀһۻݣ׷˽ɡ
𣿡һߣһ߿
ܼ𣿡ʡ
⡭һ£ѽͿνӣǣȻȴÿÿҵǣΪʲôأ
ģܲɵĹǣֻϹƸ𣬱Ҷܣ
ǽŸ𣬲û̫ô
ӦΪʲôţȻһЦ
ΪţֻҪϽݣôͻмͥŮС
Ϊ˻мжȥȢһˣҡͷңҲͬڳˣ˶٣ˣ߰ɣǣͷ߽
ûϣˣ̲ס̾Ϣ֪㻹ûϣ͡
Ҳ룡ͻͷҡ
ˣ߰ɣɵͷŽţӡ
ɣʹʱһǱǣɫǱΪʲôңΪʲôңҾȻô͸ıҵľҡ
ˣ̧ͷҲˣ㡢ݡ˶ִ̫̫ǿִ̫ˣ˶ܿ࣡е峺Բλࡣ
ɣԶôãôƽ⣡̾˿
ҡҡͷſˣֵֻİˣܵȴʵĴš
ɡͣô⣡һײһ£̧ͷȴɵĸ硪ߡ
磬ʲô㡭ɴ󼱡
ģҴûչ棬ϲЦţô⣿
ûʲô£˵
Ŷߺɵġ
˸磬ʲôʡ

ʲô˭һʡ
߾˾еӡ
˭ҽ֣һ˹
ͼܣӽƿɺͣ㲻ڵģߣһͺɣһԶ
⡭ԥһ£ת
磬ʲôӣɺʡ

ɲ⣬ȴüͷ
Ϲǰץסˣ߽˿
ɺһۣҪô
ôЦЦǰȻ棬ͻú̸̸
ô̸ͽüͷ֪Ϊʲô࿴ʴˣԻӳкá
̸
ɲ֪
ǻǰΪûͲô͵Ҳǽľ棬ֻһֱû˸ʻû˸ҪóǰδûвóòǻǰҪٸ֡
ǰΪʲôͲ⡣
ǰǰϹǰҵֻҪڻǰôȻҪ̨ǰϹǰôöûҵҡҡͷǰûˣ
ܾв̫󣡡ԥ˵
Ҳò̫ãͬ⡣
ֺγúãʼ磬Ϲǰ˵˾ǷֻǻǰһˣϹǰʵûбİ취ֻó²ߣ
磬ǲһҪȥɸоЩ
Ȼüôܲȥأ
֪ˣ̾ڶϹĳ飬ȰҲǰ״
ʱ͵صأʡ
պ룡

 21 

պ룡
ͺϣ򱻷˫ʯϣʱ͵͵һɣֵһ͡
չ˻ʳӵģ
ߺϹಢվǵϹƱ˫磬üͷ֪ΪʲôԴϴͽ֮ʲô¡
ʧȥ书Ļ컢ͷ죬ϵƶ䣬ɮ붨
ʱѾˡ
ֻһһȺˣΪ׵ǻϢĸ档
ȿ˻ȾңС
ûϢһۣѾˣʲô˵
컢ߵϹƵǰ棬Ѿʧȥ书ȥƽ
֪ˣź˸
Ѿʲôˣ컢˵
Ŷÿɷ
ֻҪܹóҿ˳Ӵ˲¶棡컢ɫ
Ŷ˵ͷҲóأ
ǲԸóǸò컢ͻȻɫ
Ϊأǲÿɷһеӡ
ҿò
ʲô𣿡΢Цţòõó𣿡Ż컢֪ʲô⣬ˣȻҲûĵλҪɰʲô£֤ûѵ֤𣿡
㡭컢һ£ȷû뵽һ㡣
磬ͽ˵仰Ϲߵ컢ǰ棬Ի컢˵
˵ʲôӿڣѵ߽סĸ׶ɱΪ𣿡
Ҫ˵ЩϹƲ˵ֶҲ˵ʲôţһҪ˵㸸ײɱģĸҲɱģ
û˵
㲻˵ֻҪϹƼ˵ȥ㸸ױɱʱҺĸһ֤Ҳûɱ㸸ף
ߣ
Ϲ಻мȻ˵ȥΪĸ֪ҵ޹ģԣ֪꣬ҵӻУѽҼҴһһΪԼСУݣСŮӣ
˵ʲôϹһһϹƵߡ
δ򣡡
ϹôţɨһɫߣƭңôϣǼٵģǣȴѾˣΪȷôһ񻷣ǧܵˣǧܶˣǶ壬ѵѵɵץס˲񻷡
֪㿴ǣǿõģȷǽҵ񻷣ȷ̵ּֿϹķԣϹƶ񻷣ǰ
ʲôɫһΪȷҲһ񻷣ֻǣѾǵ񻷵׿Щʲôݣֻǵǿīɫ񻷡
īɫɻشĻ
ɫѿˡ
ϹƣͻȻЦԼ޷˶ϣȻ컢Ѿʧȥ书ֻҪȥ㣬ôҾҲûк֮ˣ
ң컢ǰһ㲻Ҫӵ𣿡
ҪΪʲôҪҹ
ǣ漣ģȻߵ˻ߡ
㡭Ϲһ졣
ϵˣΪֻһִӵôЦţôҲǺͽһѵģ
컢ɫ࣬ϹĬȻ
ǶˣԻԲûжԻֻ֣Ӱһ˵һزֲϸʲôء
һŴ̽䣬һѾת˾Եҡ
磬ߣϹƵͷԻ컢˵
ߣûôף컢׼ߣݵֵĻߣһѾ˻컢ǰ
磬ߣϹ֮յĵ˻Ľŭһ˻һΣܲȣսסϹơ
컢˵ͤ
커㻨ߣϹȻһжȴܳ϶ԸϹ࣬ɼĹѾĵز
ֻǣϹҲ߲ˣ߱Χͤڣǵ书ҪӲѣҪǱһѾʧȥ书Ļ컢뿪ȴϼѣֻ֧ţ˽ͤӡ
ͺɲûж֣Ϊվǰ
Ҳûж֣ΪйԸ׼͡
һʱ˾ţŰΧ롣
ϹƣȻ书ǷҲܲס˶࣬㻹־ܰɣֻҪ컢㣬ҿһ棡ԾЩʵڲϹƵĶ֣ȻлҲֻӦѡ
Ӿҵһ¡
ǣϹЦţҪҪأ
⡭һ㶣ͽĶԹҲʣƾԼûҪΪʲôҪֻǺ㹫ƽһ
ãǲǽЦĶӣǲ콣ɽׯˣϹƴЦǣΪһΪȡ֮λɱֵܣʲô
Ϲƣ㲻Ҫ֪ôڻãһţæս
㻨ȥϹƱܿϸӣϹࡣ
أϹĿͷʡ
ùң˲ҵģϹһŭӦ£ͣɣڸʲôߣһ߸ɺŵͺɡ
Ϲƣڵˣֻһ𣬻̽ϵϹͦӭȻתͷ䣬ȻĿһֱָϹ࣬Ϲ˵Ľסһʱ޷
ȻУ˲Ļ
һݺݵϹƵҼϡ
Ȼ۵ϹƾŮУ˿ûͣ٣һ壬Ѿ˻ƴ
־ˣ׵֣ϺˣϹ˸ա
ǣϹĲֹϹһˣһߡ
ϸǧ㣬˽С
ֱֱһûʲôãûʲôУǻɽɽʽеһУ˿ʹȴ˻Ĵ
ţ޿ˣֻþٽͷסߵĽ
Ȼ󺧣鼱֮¿񺰳˻Ʋѡ
ֻһӰӶһ޼
ˡ
ߵĳһɲǣ޾סߵӡ
˱޵ǣѵ˼Ȧˤ˵档
һۿ߾Ҫˤϣһʱţ֪ܣٽӭֻһǽߵڣѪӿԼҲһƻǣĵ˵ϡ
磡
߸磡
ɺϹྪűߡ
ɫúѿ
ߣôϹҲѾߵߣֵסǰߴѨڵѪֹסˣǣȴѪһϡ
㡭û°ɣסϹ֡
û£û£߸磬ҪͦסϹֹס棬ɴʱѾ;ǰһΣòʵףΪʲô˶Ϊʲôֻһգۼ䣬ؾͷ˸
ɣʲôʲô뿴ֻڿޣɣһּǿĹﰡһЦĹʱ˱˵ɣʱ˵ĿԼҲʹʹݿʱʹͬݿ޵ʱԼĺʲôɵĿ÷·Ŀѹһʯͷһʯͷû׶ģȴʹ
վסֶֺޣһָ͡

 22 

ס֣ס˻ʲôɱĴô
е˶ˣҲ۾
˵ʲô־ŭ
Ĵ磡һۻĿ͡
㣬ڿЦţŻʵĳɷֵж١
̧֣ӣüСһƣǾ֤ݣÿ϶ƣ
ѾԼ䣬СϺȻһƴơ
;ˣ컢һְԼ֣Ҳơ
ΪʲôûУѵ˵һ˵ˡѵ˵Ҳӡ仰
ΪҵĴұ赡ҵһӳǰ͸ĸף̾˿ǵȥʱȴѾҲˣ
ôﳤʲô֪Ҹûмʲô赡
ͣңЩôģеĿͣȻòʲô֤֤ҵĶӣǣƾҵֱҸҿ϶ʧɢ˶ʮĶӣ
ʮꣿѵѾʮôڼԺģôĶӣֻǸ֪˭Ұ֣ôĶӣͻȻ֪ΪʲôѾ˻Ļ
ͣ㲻ǵģʹѣѵֻԺǲ˵Ѿѵƭң
ԺͽסһԺģѵ˵
ͣˣͳճյĿԼ졮Ժʱ͵һţĶӣԲм١
ҸףͲŵҡͷΪĶȴڡԺҰ֣ΪʲôΪʲôЦЦ̲סЦЦȴڿޡ
磡Ϊ͵еʱһ˺ѷε˵˹ȥ֪ʲôʱѾһ۾أôģأԻϹ֣أԻǣңǣŮˣһΪãһճİ£
磡磡ѣѰɲԸһֱһֱĸѾ뿪ʹҡߣ·׷ס
Ϲֵ
ϹɫãȻûֻۣԹĿŽ
ƣߣ컢ͻȻͤӵʯһţ³ˣʯȥһڶٲ߾ˣ컢˶С
ߣߣϹƲϸ룬ץסϹࡣ
һ㱨ģϹ౻Ϲ˶УʯˣϹ˳޵Ȼ
ͻȻûмܣȻҲͤӣȴƾôţʯûȥ
ˣ֪Ѿ׷ˣüӻɢ
ͣ߰ɣߵ͵ǰһȥɣ
˿̵ĬĬվɵߣãȻĻعͷ
ĸ׺ɵĸ磬ɻԭ
ɣ͸ɬĽţûɣҪˣ߰ɣ뿪طһ˭Ҳϵǵĵطȥɣ˹ȥɣ
ͻȻһжѾҪˣǻĶӣǻĸ磬Ҳǻݵĸ磬ģݵĸ磬ôŵݵ׸磬ôԣ뺰УǣȲܺҲܽУ˵Ǹɱģȴǻʹûлûн߾ͲҲǣǣĸףĸף
㲻ҪңɾŻӿ͵֣ʲôʲô㸸ַʽֲҸҾͻҸҾͻ֪ãˣҲҪҲҪҲҪʩᣬҪΪһôһɱҸ˵Ķôһһ˺󣬡ͣôǻĶӣôɱҸ˵ĶӣԸֻŮֻŮǶӣ֪ѾˣѾ׼һˣΪʲôΪʲôΪʲô
ɣʹ಻ɣ㲻ܽǻĶӣѵҾܽҳݵ׸磬ѵҸɣֹʹ࣬Ҳʹ࣬ҡ
ˣʹĻ˻֣ǣʹ࣬ʹֻΪԼأҸˣΨһˣԺô죬Ժô죡뵽Ժû˸ӣҲ޷ĵıˡ
磡磡Ľţ·춼ΪͻȻڸա
ţĿµ㣬ˣ쾹Ȼˡ
һΪҸ籨ģһΪҸ籨ģͻȻŽ󺰣ߺ߳롣
ɣһ㶣ûס
ɣһ£˳Ӷ£˾̲ѣѵҪ׷ȥô
ɣɣ֪Լ׷˶ãҲ֪Լ׷ʲôطѾʧȥɵλãԽԽ󣬴ڵϵεવڸɱϸ΢ĽŲҲʩչṦķĶߵǷ
ɣǣ֪Ķ׷Ҳ֪ĶߣֻǸϹӣУѾȫʧЧеδй
ɣҲǹģҲ֪ĸ磬ҡţоԼһľżǵģһľż֪Լֻһɱ˵Ĺߣǣɱ˹ֻҪˣҲи飬Ҳ񣬸ңǸиĿĵĹߣҪҪĸҲѣѣĵˣɱİѱ˵ĵ˵ԼĵˣǱģ޿κΣ
ĴţţվǶ
붯ҲԸ÷ϴȥĵʹ࣬÷ĵĶװɣãѰɣǾȹǴħа˻ɣɰһǮʹҵ˻컢Ϲƣأץɣɣǣɶûкѣ˵ĵ£ǣǾȻΪʵɱߣɱԼľˣɱɵĸ硣
һΪҸ籨ģһΪҸ籨ģ˵ûһε˽ĶߣѾˣԼأҲԼˣΪʲôһأΪʲôֻһأ
ǣ뵽˻뵽˻ݣʮ֮ݲСʱȹǻ˵ģҸȫĸ鶼ϣʹʱ֪ɵĸ磬ʹܹɵĸ磬ǻȻģΪ˻ҲΪ˻ݣһôģܲȥȻ
оĻҼˣҲƲסĵìܣĺţԼҲУҲҪ˼룬Ҫио
ţͻȻо˸ʲôоģȻѾŪúʪȻȫѾĸоǵȷһĶһѽһĽ
ҪɱɱɣȻһЦȻҲ֪˭ǣҲ㣬ˣҲ㣬ֽѣٲҪȥʲô֮ٲ׷ɱҸĸ֣ôҲ򲻹ܹʤʱѾˣ
оеĽһ¡
һ˵һ仰ôһЦ˵ȥɲԴӦһ󣡣

㲻˵ͱʾӦˣ̾һɵĹ鷳һֻһɱ˹ߣΪɱĸǸ
һǸͿ𣿡
ɣɣ
ɣĽ˽ĲϣһΪ߱𣬵ǣĿУ˽ļįо˽ʹ࣬ĻΪ֮ᣬ֪ԼΪʲôҪͽ˵֪ԼΪʲôôΪ̫
ɣɱҰɣҲ㣡һоǾеĽҲһζʲôɲɱЦɣҲʲôΪԼѣǵģҿҲ֪ĸ磬֪ҵľˣǣʹҿüʹ֪ݣһǻղôģҲ֪ôģȴ֪ȷˣҵȷҶԣҪɱңҾԹ㣡
ʹ֪˭ҲôΪʲô̲סҵĸ磬ȹ
ǣҾȵǺһ𳤴ֵܣʮĶ˵Ķӣݵĸ磡Ļش𣬡ңɱ֣
Ѫ㲻ˣûи飡̲סˣţн
۾쳤˲ӡ
ʼû£ֻеĽԽԽأôˣΪʲô֣ΪʲôֶôΪʲôĶôΪʲô
˵ϣĿڽϣһΡΡ
²֣²֣˽ӽǶоͶԽ˺˽⣬֪ǲֽܹҲֻ֪һɺϣûǸˣһ޸ûɱˣˣýǱޣǣΪˣΪԿܵɺϣˣΨһġ׵ˣ뿪ԶԶ뿪
һһεɵӣˮһ𣬷ֲᣬꡣ
ɣٳٲüɣȻ䣬ѾˣղŻԱߵѾĵˣߵϢ
ɣȻͣ˽кûɱǣʼиᣬһ޷⿪Ľᡣ
ɲûԶڽĶ棬пʯͷͷҲпʯͷȻɽֻǶڳǣǣۣûվǶûȥˡ
û뿪㶵վǣ˫ȥʵֻкڰ۾վǣƾ紵ȫѾʪ͸ͷˮе콣ˮ˺ˮ
ʱţɵɵĿŶĽ֪ԼѾ˶ãҲ֪վ˶ãֻ֪ûͣЪһҲûͣ·磬·ֻʣƺͣЪķ꣬ɽ
ķ·ЩʹǴʹɵĴʹۺЩˮɵˮ֪ǲǸ߽аѽɽǲǸĨȥˮǲôΪʲôʹΪʲôᣬֻۣۣ˯ȥ

 23 

жãжû˯ôôˣصͯ꣬ͯĻôůôеοĻ豧˯˯
磬أĻӦҲиλãˣȥˣȥأ
ɣҲչˣҪúõıأԼչԼˣֻǣѪѪ
ôˣµͷ衣
ˣˣЦţַϡ

ˣ˹һΣεĸס
һۣɿһһϤİһ˫ۣȴʲôҲ
ѵã΢΢ü΢΢ĲţҪĴôΪʲôַأ
ȫˣ֣ǽе裬һڽĻɵˣ
ˣӽһ
ţɲ֪˵ʲôʲôоԼЩӲ뿪˽ĻоЩ䡣
ɱһü˵ĺ飬Ա飬Լ顣
үүͻȻԶһ˵Ľ
壡һ£ҪɱҾͶְɣڲɱңһ£ȥ£
ɸоˮӿۿǸЦĹʲôʱ˸ް
죬ˣԥһ£ɣ㣬ⲻҪȳȥ˵ţѾɽ
壬⣬ô
үҵˣһԲϵֵɽׯ£˼ˣٲȥǾҪ콣ɽׯˣ
ʲôһŭ𣬡壬ȥ
ǣүҪСģǲǣԶȥ
ɴɽ˳һ˷ŽԽԽԶ˸һֵֺĸо˷ѣֱãӦߵøЩôأ
˽ŵɫȥΪͽɽйһҹ֪ˣô룬ôοĸΪģȴûɱֻô룬ô˵أ
ɾԼδйĶȥػɽô
뵽Ϲ࣡˿̣ϹģϹģ
콣ɽׯ
ص콣ɽׯ콣ɽׯѾˡ
ţֻҪʱҾɱһˣɱΪֹŷһõָʣµʮ˶ݺݵ˵ĹͷѪ
Ѿˣߣ仰üͷ˵ѾŵѪ
ӣˣǼǰսս֧ǣһֲ֧סˣ˵ϡ
Ƕ߰ɣ壬Ҳ߰ɣ֪ⲻһսϰԵüͷԸˡ
ǣߣ˷ˣͷҲ̧뿪
壬Ҳ߰ɣо鲢ûߣ̾˿
ү鿴˿ɫֻһһͷ뿪Ƿ֮ء
ɫվǣǰ๤˺뿪ûֹ
׼úô뿪ŷһ˵
û˵
սģѾĴ㣬첻ŷһ
սģõŷ
ȴԭС굱뿪콣ɽׯԾѾû壬һʱ벻£ϵֻµһɫѪǿ˵ѪҲѪͿ˹Ѫ
Сꡭһ¡
ˣ㺦ŷһеĵ죬ҪɱΪС걨Ϊɢ˱𣡡
˵ΪС걨𣬽ɫȻôһ˿⣬һ˵ɢˣȴˣЩɢ޹ЩСȹµ꣬Ҳ뵽˶ɱ飬콣ˣ΢
ཻײһıΪ棬Ϊʵдڵĸ飬Ϊνа֮Ӣţжٳé®˻δƷʤϲãδĻǵѪУҲûҲ
֮еģ˸ǣ
֧ţ
ҹһҹû˯ļټΪסɣʹܷϮԽ˷Ŀ飬ˣѾ˷纮ֻΪľǿΪļǿûд
Ҫɱ㣡ͻȻһŮ⴫һе콣΢˻
ֹݰֻһ˲䣬С
Ѫɽֻһ⣬ʲôճҺһҧ콣˿ͣ٣Ļӳ콣飬ĵ飬Ȼ˽˿ףŷһеĵȻйһӣбб˽أֱʣŷһеĲǰĹͷڳֵһıɫ֮Σɫ֮ΣʮǰħʥŮɷɫ֮Σ
Ҫɱ㣡ǰŮѾ˴ѾϹ࣬ϹƵŮϹ࣬ͨ˫ۣӽսš
磡ʧŷ翴ܴ˿ڲסѪϹ֮һεϲȻŷĵĵܹ˵ĻἫСֻҪл;οŷһǸ֣ǣƽŷһֵ
ͷɫ֮ҲϹĳĺģ˴δйΣ
ŭһڵѪͻȻŽŭ콣һҫ۵ĻȦŽһֻһȦϹĳ˽漣ģе콣ֻһȦһ˲ȦһȦŷ磬ڶȦסŷ꣬Ȧ콣ϻһӣһǳȴ־ŭĿӣѵͬʱһ˵ϣ
ϹྪֵĿѪ
磬Ǳˣŷ˿⣬磡
ô᣿ô᣿ŷ겻ŵĿԼѪֽѾˣ̧۴ֳͬΣҪҪ𣡡ͻȻһּ˹ͷһĳ
Ǻƴˣŷһŷͬʱ˸ԵĵҪɱ㣬ɱ㣡ǴֻʹָͲǣ˿ѾֻۣһѾ
ȣʱ򣬽³һѪֻһ콣ڵϣǰһһ˺ۣ˺۶Ҫɫ֮αжԣټϹȫһн˿׻ʹܾܣķ桭
ס֣һӰӶһѽסϹһ
ϹధһΪʲôҪɱ
ϹƣϹĸףס˼صĽнһĵѾɣϹеĽҲ֡
ΪʲôɱΪʲôϹһỬӣ
δɱϹһעڡ
ҲϣϹһҧҲϣ
ʵϹһüϹǡšϹʹһһɣķ֡
ѾתϹĸ֣˼һϹƵǰġ
κλᣬѵͬʱȥ
СģϹƺȻһƿ˽һֻͦôһ֣Ѿɱ֣ÿ˵ĺͻȻһѪ죬ֻһѪ죬ȴѾҪǵΪϹ֪ǣʼǽ

 24 

ôϹ࿴ϢĵȥϹʹĿڣæǰҲɱĲΪˣ
Ҳˣʱɱʱ
ס֣ϹһϹĽŭ
㣬ΪʲôҪΪʲôϹеίϹԹޡ
Ϲ֪ŮʮֲǣǽЦĶӣδҵȻҪ
Ҳ˭ĶӣҲͽ˵ʲôԼֻ֪ɱ߸磬ɱ߸磬ΪʲôҸ߸籨ΪʲôҸɱ𣬵ΪʲôΪʲôϹһϹơ
ⲻȫֽϹƳ̾һ֪ͶϣҲ֪ͬãǣѾˣ㻹ɻţҲϣʹ࣬ʵܽɣ㡭
ܣܵģϹʹҡͷǽ߸磬ǽ߸磬ôܽôܺͺ߸һ𣬵㲻˵ˣ㲻Ҫ˵ˣҺ㣬Һ㣡Ϲ׺ţһˤеĽ
ϹסɱȥϹ࣬ȻϹͷҲأ͸ˣԼĸײҲˣȴĳˣϹʵڲܽܣκҲܲˡ
ôɫ֮ж˹ѶƳϹƹ˲Ϲ࣬ЩϵĴɫд󼱣һѼסȶ
è޺ӼٴȱһѪƿϹƣȴ
˷ʱˣ˹Ϲһһֱ͸ڡ
ҲҪȣҡţŲϹϹһĲˣȴͷ󺺡
ƽľûģϹһĺɫ֮εĶȻǺңһĸͨ˹ܱƳԵĶأ࣬Ǵ޽ҲѾȡ
ҲҪ㡭أţϹͷϵĺԽԽࡣ
ĵһ㣬ѪȵĵطͻȻжһ˿Ϲƾ֮䣬Ȼֹ֣ͣ
ʱĽäٿܣǵ·һʹһ󾪲֮ƽͣ۾·ɮ붨һ㣬ϵȫϹƷ֣ѾҪԼͿԱƳɫ֮εĶ
Ϲվ콣ɽׯ⣬ûˣȷǴӲԶģѵӦþڲԶ
ǵеʲôܹýϹƵüͷЩЩ壬ϹҲ壿
ͻȻͣһŲϹȥӰ


һѣһѣһһĺŽˡ
ݣݵһϣԼ˿Ѿˣ˯һŴϣһϤĴԼô
ǵģԼ䣡־ϲѾ˯죬Һõһֱ˯ȥ۽ıӡ
죿ݵԵЩɳƣü
ţһ㷢գˣ
ݣˣô飬뵽ػ죬Ҳ᳦ײʯĳˡ
ֻҪû£Ҳֵãһϲǧ˵
ݣһôûбˣо˵˵Ĵڡ
ֻһˣһЦˣܹ˵Ĵڣ˵ѾˣҴ磬Ŷ磬ͣʹ磡˵һֱվǵͣû뵽ͻĴ磬ʼЩΣ̹Ȼˣ
ͣû뵽ͻ⣬ͲǾܾ˻ͲҪ뿪ѵΪݲŻص˻ߣѵûȥɣѵܷ
ǣ⣡ĬĬĵ˵ͷݶԽ飬ȻѾ֪ԼݵĹϵ֪ԼҲܺһˣǣǲĵǿ⣡
ͣ㡭㲻ȥ𣿡ݵķ΢΢˿ڣʹҧס
ʹ𣿡ݵø˽ţ˿ϵı۵ʹ
һȥɵģٿתȥˣΪڰʾʾԷݣԷˣ
ͣȥĽŲǽŲÿ죬ýоЩ͸
ǸɿҴɩŶݳ͸˿Ц˵ô뵽ĳ飬뵽֮ĹϵǸоһ˿Ĳڣ
磬Ŷ˵ԭĴ磬ǻҲϲǸɣ˵Ǵ磬˵ͣͺɱȽأԭĴǻɱȽ䣿˵أݿ͵ıӰ·ת˽Ĵߣ˵أʣӡ
ӽһ

 25 

ɣɣĴţҲ̲סͷѹ֣ǵģݱãѾٺһˣǣѾܾΪǻĶӶܾ˺ããıܿҪĶȥأ;ԼʧܣΪʲôôɵֿɵõҸûϧǿעĸ飬Ǻɵ̲סĵѹ֣ںǲǻɷӣῴЦȻǰĺɵ֡
ɣɣ͸⣬͸ű͸Ȼ˱ᣬʹ
ɣɣͱĿ죬ǰûпޣĺޣΪʲôʵĲпᣬΪʲô˷·׽ŪΪʲôݻãʹݲʹֻнֻҪãôϣܿԵȴܿȥǣһ˿ϣҲûˣȴĻᶼûУȨҲʧȥˣãŮ֮ȥ֮ݣԼ
þõĹû˸ȥû˸ȥû˸Һ˵
ͣһ˫ɫЬӳ͵ǰһϤ͵ĶС
ɣɣôһϲһԾȴֽѾ顣
ңɷվһֱ⸽ںһֱˣ
ͣʲôأοĥԼһ̾ȻΪΪôģ̫˽̫ͣˣΪ̫ԣݳΪ͵ãʲôģ
ɣԭô㻹ǲԭôͿ㲵ӣһʹࡣ
ԭʲôһ£뵽˵˵ĻҲܽǻĶӣԼֺγܹܣ
ɣ֪Һʹ࣬ĺʹ࣡еĹ¶޴˵Ӧõ߶
֪ɵ˵ͷ
,ץסɵ֣ҵʹûܹ⣬ֻ֪֪ҵԸҲ֪ϲݣһжѾˣɣֻܰңֻܰң
ܰʲôɿеʹԼҲЩ΢΢Ĵʹ
ݣ͸һ־ֻܰݣβеļ䣬ɣ߰ɣ뿪ط뿪ЩˣͿһû͵ǵһ˭ҲʶǵĵطȥǵһҲǵĵطȥҴչ㣬Ҵչ㡭һӣ
ͣɸоԼޣĺޣѾԭˣûɱһ̣ѾԭеˣԼ˽һжᷢҲǵģͲڻڽһжΪڵľ棡
ɣ㲻ӦôϴӦôʹ󼱡
ͣѾԭˣҡҡͷѾԭˣڻ䣡
ģͲ֪ԼڵĸоǲǸˣôӦˣӦˣ
ҡͻȻӹһֺĸоͷǵ㲻ȥ
ȴ˺ܾõĽȻЩͬȻЩΣǣҪĽѾΪʲôкʧʲôǣʲôΪʲôͷԵȥΪʲôĸоΪʲôĪĲΪʲô˵Ĳᶨѵ͵ĸо͵İǲʵģǲǿң
ɣ͵ͷ
ҡҲ֪Ҳ֪ͻȻоĺңкڴѾˣڴʲôأڴ˭أ
ɣüͷ˵ģҲܾôҾôô
ǵģͣҡҡֻԼѣȻ֪Ĳ֪ôˣҪôҡͷһһȥһһԼȻĵƺŴʹֻһ˼Ҳʹȥȥǵʹʲô
ɣ˸жԴ˵·ɣ㲻˵㰮ң㲻˵ֻҪҿͿΪʲôȴĨɷݿ֣Ϊʲôȴѵǰ˵ġĶֻһϷһжǼٵ𣿡
֪ͣβô˵ǣԼȴ޷Լĸı䣬޷Լѵ˵ߵıһĵ׵Ļ֣̿ԥʵģԼԼԼԡԵĸоʲôأ
û˵ҡͷƵĿͣȻת񱼶ȥ
ɡֹȻķ΢֣
ӦøһЩʱ䣬Ͼĸ硪߸ϾǻĶӣϾΪģϾҪһʧİһݼ飬ǶǲƽģȨܾȨѡֻǣѡ˾ָܾôأɣ˭أ˭
͵üͷţһңһοĴţ
ǻݾͲӦٽ
ʼݣҲ֪Լˣǣûбķ

 26 

㸸ײɱģĸҲɱģδδŮ
ү㲻Ҫ˵ۿǿˣ׷ɱԼӣ׶˳ɱׯүɱׯͷˣҪΪǱΪǱ𰡣
˵˵öʵûɱ㸸ףҸɱ㸸ףĸףĸҵãô޲أɱĸĸΪʲôҪ㣬Ϊʲô
үΪׯͷ˱ɱϹƣɱϹƣɱɱ
ݺңݺң
ү

ү

ͷ󺹵ĴεϹƺ飬εִεϹһ룡
飬ûɲϾ˵뽭һ£ϾɱϹƶ˵ûʲôô콣ׯѾû䣬ûаôԸ෴ľֳǮֳҪ콣ɽׯʵûʲôֵûɵģֻǣϹпʼɻ
ϹƲɱϹжεĻᶼûɱϹɱĸ֣ûһһεķŹûҪϹӦðͲͲýĴʧֺαҪ˵ϹĻԼ
Żе񻷣
ѵϹ˵ľģѵϹ֮ĴŻԼѵĸײϹɱѵʮĺ޺޴˶
Ϲƣ㵽Ǹˣţɲ书΢ƵɤýƴһӰһǵĽˣȴֱֹǷһأ
뵽ϹƣĸףȻûмЦȴĻĸĻ΢ĽüŨִ֣żֺżְ裬ǲʿķ緶޾壬ûǺûǰ裬ܳΪµһׯˣʹ޵е콣
׵书֮ϹӦҪ߰ɣ콣׽̸ϹƵѵ˵ϹѾʤѵ׾Ϲɱ𣿻ǣ飿
һ
ǽϵ˶֪Цüңһüı˴һֱýͷ­ǵģýǵԣǾĿҶظ·һ⽬ǣʹϹ紫˵򰮳ɶʣԲŻ´˶֣õõĽϴҲδ֪Ʃ˵뿪͵͵Ǳ콣ɽׯͿ֤ûɱʱ䣡
ǣûУûôѵôһ㲻ҹͬϹƲܽ콣˵ľأ
ǣЦһģ
ܹ½Цص˲ܹ࣬Цһб˸ǲУǣžĽŲýЦ˼룬콣ɽׯĵ·ͨžԵϤҪ㹻Ķ
⼸õϹƣǣϹΪʲôҪȽЦĶأΪʲôأѵǼӲֻǵһϹƣԵ𣿡
ַǷĴϣ
·ҲûˣһϹĹ
ϹϹƵŮȥϹһҲҵͿҵϹƣҵϹƣҪ
ĵ׾һ˿壡Ҫôأأ
˶ģ벻ԡȡ˯ҵĵطǾƵꡢջҵǿջһһʹȥҪеĿջұˣ
С
Сͷ
˻δţкСĻûгһϤͻأĴĶУһ£֪˵Ƿ񿴵֪Ӧô죬һʱ޴վ˿ջſڣ
ǣһ£ǲǲҪҪҴ򿴿ҿɫ̫ãСڵġ
ˣллȥЩţӹͷ˽ȥ
СãȷղûпȷԼʲôǰкС
͹٣ǳԷס꣡СһǸäˣæȥ
СղźҪͷǸĿˣ
Ŷ˵ǸĹﰡСһ½΢ЦţѾǵڶǹˣǹһˣ¹ֿģǵѾס˺Щˣ
ŶͻȻһݣڶˣô֮ǰСһˡɣǣýǳ˵Ǻ޽Ӧòʶǣˣ
ɻΣ𣿽ûɵĸоĿ

 27 

ҹˣҹ˵£
һӰԾصܣ˵ϡ
һ̴ͭ˴ɫ΢΢ġƮƮĴ˽ȥ
š΢΢һᴭӰᲦ˨Сĵס˷䣬˷ţ¹ϣ΢΢¶һ˿ϲ
ǻĹӣ
㡭̱ڴϣѾˣ̹ܴƴһɲǣѾˣϾʮĻɽڹǰ޵ģֻǣȴı䲻ѳɵʵȻˣȴѾ˵ˣȫһûУ˵ѣ
꣡һɵĴǰʳָɵĴϣ˵ˣ
ǿ뺰ȴһѾѨѨҲסˡ
𼱣ҩһ͹ȥˣааЦţ֪ǵһĶŮˣģһ㸺ģ
ѾˮֻԼȫѾľƾָգͣļͷ
֪úÿ࣡һ˫Щ΢ۣϢĴϢţЩȲ
ȻѨѾ⣬ɱϾǸСˣ˺ͷǱܵһ£ֻǣ΢ĶԻ˵ͺ谭ʵֻһԸĸоѣ
ɵ·ӸɣϢϣֻǱ۾˿̵ܣãҧԾûУһĻӣ
ҪҪֻоԼҪȥˣ޲ԼȥĴҧľһһʴÿһ缡صĺĶࡢĵ
ˣ
ž
ǣȲȥʱͻ䷢ˣǵɲǼ䣬ű˵һƿͬʱͻȻ򿪣һ˴Ӵ˽
ޣŭһΪؾȥ
ʲôˣӦ٣յĶȫһϹ࣡ȻͽУȻ̧ͷſվŵˣô⣿
ϹһתͷɫضɵĽһ£ɱأҪɱ㣡ܣ
ʱܸʱֲǱȻǺһ𳤴ˣ֮ĸΣ᲻֪˵ڵΪĸԣԲƾ书ûаܹʤϹ࣬ϾϹϹƵŮϹһ䣬ϹളĴ˳ȥ
ϹһҲ׷ȥ
ҪɱҪɱ
ɣɣôôˣǲǱѨˣɣʲôǣ΢ҵĺʻûжôȴʵ޷ʳڣ
ɣһ£ϰѨ㣬һ¡оԼֱð亹ȻѧѨѨȴֻԼʩΪΪܺ׼ڱѨ
ڸʲôѵѨ
ֻԼĶҪˣͷ˿ȫֻʣ¶Ŵӡ
ţǹļ־ŭ֣ѾˣѾʲôˣĻ⣬в֪ĵȻȴû뵽ôһ죬
Ǻ˵ΪʲôֽüͷıأΪʲô촽ͻȻĲһ˿ѪɫΪʲôȥޱȣΪʲô
ɸоԼ͵𣬽ֻˣָѰѨҵˣһָµͬʱɵһҲĺ䡣
ɣӲͷƤô
㶵۾ˮֹסȻûп޳
˵վоԼЩʹȭյ̫ˣԼָ˺Լ
ɣϹȥһƿһԵĽɣôɣңôûСϹʵ޷ݣͺˣʹɵ䣬һ뿪ǣһ
ڵʱϹԲ࣬ԴϹобҪЩΪߵãԼҪչɣ
㣡ڿʹʹĿ޳ˣһУסϹ࣬ĿУҲѾϹ൱Լɩɩ
ɣϹֻԼѣȻѹֳֶʹĿ鶯˫磬޵֡޷̧ͷӣ⣬㲻úɣģһΪ㱨ģһҪɱ˻ҡ
㣡̧ͷ㣬û£Ժһᵱĵģ´ˣɳţҿüʱ򣬷򡭡
һ̾Ϣ·˿Ȼ뵽˵˵Ļ˵ܵǷ֪ߣǻȻأǷı⣬һԼҲ˵⣬סԼӣת˽
㡭֪Ǹ𣿡ӣԼûп⣬ԼȻ𱸡
촽˶ȴû˵
ģĿŽԤϵֳĬֻǣл޷ĨȥǹɰԹǰԹлһɵĺ⡣
Ϲ࿴Ǻ⣬ȴûпǰԹֻһĶű𣬵ǣȴֺ书ʤ˽ҪΪ߱¾
Ϲһüһ⣡ãϹüһ·һشľ
ʣüĻش
޸㣬Ҫ𣿡

 28 


վСϪԣԴϴڿջ֮ϹǸ־ȵ֮һֱΪ˲ٶϹ࣬Ϊһˡɣ
᲻֪ϹĺޣϹҪ޸ǣ뵽Ϲ࣬Ͳܲ뵽ɡߵãϹ˵£ɺȴ޷ĨѪԵϹ˵ĺѵɾͲ᲻ΪȻڻΪʲôɱأֻ֪Ҫ֣ԲаַԸĽ£
õĳǺĻΪħһݣȻȻİεԼɸԵҩʱȻ仹ڣеȴѾˣ׽ŪˣΪʲôƫƫԼľˣΪʲô
أģ˵ļüͷкٻһֱƽƽׯϵġ
࣬ĽŲжϡ
ֵֵ࣬Ǻͽһѵˣֻ书̫ʼ޷Ϊɱ֡
ң㻹ô༱ͣ
ʲô𣿡üͷȻ಻ܳʦôҲרѵˣûʲô£Ӧòˣѵʲô
컢ˣԶˣҪȥˣ˵Ѿܿˡ
컢һ£컢ԼϹأϹȥˣû컢ô

ֵܣݶˣҲ϶ˣ֮УϸĴŻ컢иж
ʱʱ̶̿Ҫӱ׷ɱܲô컢Ц㣬ЦĶӶ㣬һô˵ҡͷ
ӣЦ۴˪˵ʱܸӣӵû컢ǣҲ붮ûбҪ
硭
ŶϽһˣ΢Ц
ô˵ʼҴ磡컢̾˿ʮˣѾˣҲѾˣҺˣ۵òٺ㶷ȥǣҲģǰ۵ң㣬ûɲң㣬ȴռ˱ҵĶ
Ҳûġ
ǣûУΪûҸ֮λӦҵģΪʮи˽ЦϹƣȻûǾ˵Цûаضĳһطضи׵ԣֻҪҵһоͿˣ
ΪʲôҪЩ΢΢üͷ
ΪˣѾʧȥ书ʹһܺȺֻۣ֪𰸣֪䣬Цĺ˿Ϊṩҡ
ˣ
Ҵˣ
ԣˣʲôҲ֪㲻˵װ˽ЦϹ㲻ȥϹƣȴһ껹ûгˣǲǸˣ
ԣԼҲԼǷˣҾ뷨˵ֲ֣컢ЦţΪĺˣ̾ɫ
ͺúϢɣ£ֻҪϹƵϣǾͺð죬Ҳ䣬ҵһͻģ
㲻ɱң컢ƾ̡
Ϊأ۾ܹĿֵͬܡ
ɱҵģֻǲڣ컢ǳ̾һҵ֮ɱңΪʱѾ֤ңֻǸͼ۶Сˣ
㻹Ǻܴͷ⵹ЩȻôôôɵͶϹƵıҿºץ㣬ϴ
Ϊϴε·Ϲ׼𣿡컢ͻȻЦˣǣͨͲϹ׼ģֱֱ̫ЩܲˣΪ书ߣͲ䣬Ҷ书ʮֵаգȴѾʧȥˣܹһƽȴԶҲҳɹҲ뱻׷ɱˡ
ˣڵˣΪ㣬С
ҲڣС޸ȢС࣬һԸϹȢңСϲıϹƣ㣡컢˻Ļ
ǣԣ˵õȷʵ͵ͷֻϧԶҲ뵽Ϲһֻһ˰ɣС࣬Ҳ㣬治֪ôһ˺Ů˵ļһһģһĿ⾼ĿŻ컢
СԼԸģ컢һĨˡ
ǣҡҡͷһЦ治ֵ֪ǲֵܣΪŮ˿ԲֶΣ㣬ȴŮ˹ˣ
ǿŤĹϲ֪컢Ҳ΢ЦҡͷԸҵŮ˲ֺαȥһҵŮأʹİҲǿĲͬŮ·ʱԻܹһŮ˻һǿԮ֣ôҲֵҰôһأ
һǵͬ΢ɹֻϧҪҲҪԼõ֮Ż˷۱
ô˵
ˣҲˣһӣúôţһϹƣٵƾմʧضĳһ䣡㲢ûз裬Ӧôӽ֣ܾƺʲôң


 29 


ŵվСϪԣˮ͵
ͣʲô£ûжûתͷ
ǲ£Ϳ˽ü䵭ĳԹ̲סʡ
ҡҡͷȻˮ
ʵ̾˿ҲˮʵѾ˺ܶ࣬ƴԼʵǡͲҡͷûһˣȴԼһУһܹǣҵҲûУ𣿡
㣬ʲô˼˸оǧ֮⣬Һôһĵ⣬ǵģǵ⣬͸оһɺܵܵл޵ĵ⣬Ϊ֮ĹϵΪһֱϲ
ֻһ⣡ͿһΪʲôǲܽݣ
Ӧý𣿡ʡ
Ϊʲôãİ㣬;Լĺѿ֪˵ʵҲ֪Ѿû·ݵ׸磬ֳζĸоǣ޷ĨȥָоѾֻ֪ã
ѵ˵ΪһڰһҪܣĬһ£Ϊʲôɣ
ĬҲĬһ£ã̾˿
ֻݣҲŻɣ
Ϊʲô֮Һ֮ʲôϵ𣿡ü
ҲҲûУͷ˵һ˶ҪĻرôͻһ㣬ô˵Ҳôˣң
Ѿˣ΢΢Щݡ
ôӦˣӹһֲ֪ϲǱĸо
ҡҡͷȴܼᶨ
ΪʲôΪʲôҲҡͷĲ֪Ϊʲôݣĺá
Ҳ
һ£Աѵ˵ΪԱ֪ݲں۾㡭
ô˵𣿡Ц˵һ룡
һأ׷ʣֻ֪𰸡
һ룿ʼ磬֪Ҹĸ˭𣿡
콣ɽׯׯ˵Ҫ𣡡͵ɴ۾Ϊ㲻Ͻݣ
ǣ΢΢ͷǰǣ΢ּһ仰仰Ͳû͵ĻҲû
͵ˣڿʱѾˣ
û뵽㾹ĸ㲻״Ȣݣ㱨Ǹ
͵ĻˣΪˡ
ӣү
ʲô£
үλĹ㣡͹
ɣһϲѵӦˣ
Ӧʲôѿʳ
ɫԽ𲢲һʱѾȥʮˣֺαΪڻأϣߺܹĪԱҪ㣡ĺܰ㣡
Ҫߣü
ԣֻҪɴӦ뿪ͻﲻʺңˣϣΪ֮
ͼҴҵȥ
ȻЩ䣬ȻоһֻůСǣסֲڵĴ֡
һ̾͵ĻҶˣΪԱ𣿡
ľͷһȲҲ˵ֱͦͦվǡ
ԣϣң㣬ҪΪʲôҶΪȥֻҪܹңܹңǾ͹ˣݰѽַӡ
΢΢һ£ڷΡ
ݣǺοأҲֵ
ֵõģҶҾѾ֪㣬ҲϲڶˣҲᣬǣǣǱܿңǲϽңҲԹԹܱˣֻ㣬ֻ㣡ѵĲףĲ𣿡뵽⼸䵭ĸ飬ݱ֣ʲôŮܲף§סĲӣֻޣ
ݣڻݵľٶҲǣ§ҲڣȴҲһ˿飬ڣ̾һ˻ݵķһذɣϾҲǷˣǷи飬֮ҲãŮ֮ҲãûϹԻ飬ûУҲһӵӰֻǲ֪ڵǷһأ
ˣҲˣɲΪ֮¶ģΪ˻컢Ϊ˱Ļ컢
ɣһ취ģģһֻεĵͷֻҰﲻæ
ͣҲﻨǾҲûܹˣΪҶʦŻʧȥ书ģʦҪҺ͸ָ书ңûŻӣͣˣʹ㲻ܰȳʱֹɱܹʱϹһѽ
һģ͵ͷɣʼնΪ룬ȴҲΪԼ룡
֪ͣ˵ʲôɫȻҲûΰֻǣֻͻȻоЩǿ˶ѣ
ɣЩˣͿǰ㵥úû˼룬ûзգûǳǣ㶼ˣзաǳ㿴ȥЩ㲣㵽Щʲôˣ㻹ѽΪʲôѵһûҵã㻹ڵʲôأ͵۵ʹ⣬ⷬԼ˵Ҳмᣬǣѡģѡ񣬲Ϊ˻ҲãΪҲãΪԼֻһѡǾǴ뿪뿪ĵأ뿪Ͳĵط
ǵģãʵڲӦٵʲôӦöûģǣҲ֪ҶûģǶԼûģıһУı㣬ҲıңֻҲ֪ı䵽ʲôҺ󣬺󡭡˵ȥˣΪԼҲ֪ô˶ࡢ˴ĸı䣡
ͣԭҺôһذɣʱǶԼҲãҶԴҲãҸݣҾǰˣֻԶҲǰңôֻлػɽӣỬɵӣ͸оһʹ
ҲΪɵоʹѵѾ𣿲ûУûУ֪ĵݻǣ񾭣ݲʲôˣ
ͣˣ᲻ͣ˽ͣ΢΢ȴûҲе飬ֻǣֻȴҲͶݵ飬½޷ջˣʹһҲ᲻еĵλĨȥеʹǰԸȥԣ᲻һеȥԣȥݣȥƽеĽᣬǣǣҲѾˣѾǷݲһеѾǷľΪʲôأԼҲ֪ǷݸıúͻȻֺ쾭⣡

 30 

㵽콣ɽׯң
죬Ѿˣ콣ɽׯ֪ȴʲôҲ֪ΪʲôΪݣڶ仰ԺѾʧ죬죬û˿ûϢûѶԼĺ󱻻һʹʹ
ĽʹĲȫΪݣΪǸСϲߵĻݣѾûһˣûһˣ
ˣ
һ£ݵΨһˣ
ĽͻȻ򿪣ͻȻԼһʱ޷š
ֻǰݵˣΨһˣ
Ȳ֮飬ҲŮ֮ʲôأ
̨ͻȻһƬȲ֮飬ҲŮ֮ԻݵֻһƬԼҲоԾĹУ֪ݶĸ飬ԣûȫݵãǣȴʼ޷Ů֮ҲŮ֮Ϊǲ⣬Ը⸶飡
˵ħһԵԵôͻ֮ԵֻһԵһԼȲҪҲҪԸҪԵǰǷģծֻǣծûлʱΪĻծʽǽҪģ
̧ͷ֪Եǡ콣ɽׯңܹһңΪһֺܳ羴ܽĸоӹֻǣѾû飬һԴ˸е˵Ǹһ֪ͯеı˭ܹ⣬˭ܹĨȥ
ˣ
Ϲƣ
һ£оһɱͻȻӿ֣̫Լĸ飬ԾûвˣǱԭ
ǣǹɱģͻȻͺһͷʨӣһȫѾֻŰ˺飡
΢΢һ㶣֪ΪʲôûϲãûҵϹƵϲãǰһ˷ܣһѾ˹ȥϹƾһսǣûУûôһʣϹƼ棬ȴҲûиоϹƶɱȴôˣ
һֱڵң֪Ҫ΢һ
ҿ㣬㲻ЦĶӣϹ̽ӵվԭһֱڴ룬
һϹࣿ
ԣϹ࣬ҵŮϹ˽ˣ
˵ʲôҲ΢΢ҡҡͷܹоϹǿҵɱ˹裬ѵϹ౻°ȥˣ
ϹеķŭʧƺͲ࣬ô˵δޣʹ㲻Ը£ҲӦö֣㡭
ҪҪϹ߽ࣿ˴
˵ʲôϹƿٵתһŮϹҲ޷ģǻŮϹüͷ
ǣҽлݣǻݣһһߵ˽ǰ˵Ϊ㣬ʲôԸȥ
ݣҲüͷ룬Ըݱӣǵģ뱨𣬵ǣҲûҪַʽҲûҪϹ࣬ûУ
Ϲƣ㻹ŮԷ书򡭡תϹƣǺĵˣǣΪ˽ʲôȥֻҪΪ˽
ôˣϹֻһ⣬ȫڷ
ֻҪԷ书Ȼû£ת˽Һ˽Ҫһ书ȫʧķ֣ԲôģԣֻҪԷ书ôǾŮһͬʱҲǾԼһ
ϹսڷӶڷ޷ֹķϹƣһϹƣѵĺ뱲ӾǸ޸֮޷޷£ԩʮصԩ飬ѵôܹôܹȻܲŮܲϹܲջݵĻȥܡ
ϹͻȻ˫Ͼ٣Ǻ룬˶Ĥۡ
ݻʧɫס˶
ãϹȻ˫֣
ѾԲС࣬ҲٶԲҲܣ漴ĿɨɨݣȻһЦԻ˵û뵽һӵСĳǸ˺ݵֶΣ治ǻŮͷЦ
ݡһ£аٸн᲻˽⻨ݣϹ˵ˣһֻΪֻ֪ǽݵıһģһ׸еġ
Ϲһ𣬽ͷת
㲻Ҫ𣿺ãԸϹȻһЦǽЦĶӣôϣܹԶԶҪȥ˺㡭𣿡
һ¡
ңϹг죬书ˣŻʲô˼ԸҲԸȥ书ԣѡ
ҡһֵֹֹĸоһֱűΪʲôȴЩϹˣΪʲôΪʲô
ҡҡֱۣҪӦ
ãҡʶĳڣȵ֪Լ˵ʲôʱȴֵĻ⣬⵽ΪʲôأоԼһ˿ǣŵľż˿ȥģȥģԼ
ãϹս˽ھȥĸĸһǣǵĶѾˣǸˣ
ǧأϹƶеĽѽѾʮ꣬ѽǽЦ͸ģڣȴҪѽԼˣͻȻЩЦһҧĴ¡
һĽסϹƵĽƣתͷȥȴһδĻ档
Ϲ࣡ôˣһҲˡ
ɱɱǣϹ˫Ŀᣬе
ϹƲţǰľȻŮϹ࣬һ龰ϹһͷɢϵһƬϣ¶һѩ׵ļѩеһƬľѣ˫㣬ϥѪѪ˿˳С˵ϣ˺һ
ǣǡϹ˫Ŀ࣬Ѫţǡ
ңҲ֪ǻô㣬ҡſڽϣоԼҪˣأôҡ
㲻֪ǻôңϹЦһҰ㽻һȺǿˣôҪǣߣߣߡϹޱȵͻȻһƬ̣ҪңҪңͻȻƵľҪɱǣҪɱǣֱۣһȥ
Ѿٽ
Ϲһ㶣ûסĿŻݣһһǰ
Ļӳ
ཻƱ裬Ȼһ˿ȥȻָ˻ݡ
ݣ߿һݣ߳һ콣ӭȥֻཻһͣйƴܾˣҲҪ¡
ϹƼŭģ̨һƬ磬ѾǾʧֻ뽫ݱڽ£
͡һͬʱ壬һ磬һҼ磬ǽ˿ףһ֮Թᴩȫ
Ϲ˿һѾû˸оĽһ˳콣˵˳ȥ콣֡
Ϲһʳӥֱ˻ݡ
ݣÿһҧԾ𣬺ݺƿݣ콣ɨϣҪסϹƣֻһϹһ콣֮ϣһϾ٣Ҫ𿪳ȴоҼһʹϹƵĳѹ
ݺȻС
ߵͻȻһ·һԳŮһµߣ˸о̨һкλкξ壬ֻֻأһ˿ŭ
ϹƽѹµĽͻȻһͣãȻ̧ͷ˳ķȥһˣһŮӣֳ
ɣѿڶϳһ˿΢ЦͻȻоЩȻ
ɣɽɵɣǵӣڴߵɽһڴʦͨɣΪʱԹħĿоһܹǵ֮ĵã䲻ϰħ书ȴҲƣ
书䲻磬ȴѾһڴʦ洫
Ϲ壡ͣʹɱҲѾûˣҪǰһ
ϹƵ˵ͷס˽ƣ齥ȶһ߻ħˣһɱ˽ͻ֮ԼҲ
ɣлл㣡Ϲһ˿Ѿס˽ĻݣжԽĳգС࣬ʱСҲͻݶԽһϹǣȴĸأ᲻ǵڶϹƣ
Ϲ̲ס̾һѾףϹǻݰŵģֻǷ˸һܴĴĵĴ󣬻ıⲢֻҪԷ书ȴûҪһжΪ˽˭ףһжֻΪ˽Ϊ˽СֻΪϹһ
Ϲ΢΢ҡҡͷ߳콣ɽׯ
ݣֻϣܵ˺ܹϣĿǣתҲ˳ȥȥ׷Ϲ࣬ȴ֪ʲôԭʹʹ˽˻ݣҲϹơ
ɣվȴ֪ô˵ɣΪʲôɱأΪʲôҪңš
ݿɵıӰͻȻоЩ

 31 

ҡ
һֻϣһзվǰ
ʲôչеĲ衣
ڲһƱڵʱҵһУ˵ŴӻóһУֻǽѾȫԭɫ
򿪹ɨһˡ
²ңһ£ͷȥ
ţͷоʢֻôһ˾ǽϵһֻСӦϡ
򿪣һŷƵֽƮϡ
ʰ𣬽
֪ۣҹҹ˼ֻ룡ʲô˼̧ͷ֪ǲۣҹҹ˼ֻ룬ֻ룬ۡһ˼ֿǽУѾһôһֽϣľ仰Уֻǳһ䣬䣬˼⡣
̲ۡסҲૣۡ
ۡˣǰ͵һ񻷣ǽ񻷣
˵ϹĶī񻷣ҲǻȻ
ԣī񻷣飬ҲҪ¶˼һϹϣҪҵϹ࡭
ǣ죬˾콣ɽׯ飬Ȼǻ£
ҹˣһӰĿ˽ķ䡣
Ϊˣ˯úܳ
ڹ𣿡ԴݳճյĿ˯нüԴӴ콣ɽׯҲûк˵һ仰
ݵ͵͵Ŀţûȥ
ֻֽԼ֪ǸˣȴΪֶܵΣҺϹ࡭Ϲ൱յ龰ȥʱĻ챣ӣϹಢûбַĵģûϵЩǮȴΥԼĲĵģ
ڣվ
۾΢΢Ķһû˯ȥһֱܹоߣǣ޻˵֪˵ʲôãʵΪŻôģǳһ㡣
ţˣһݣæװ˯
һŽվ˽Ĵǰ
ûжΪоɱ˲ɱΪʲôأ
ĿŽӴһӣڽĸоʮּɵ
ʲô⣬˲Ҳ
ĳһѶ̵ڣѵ˽Ĳӡ
ʲôˣס˵
󾪣̵Ѿӣ˳һѾ˽е񻷡
ʲôˣϹƣо΢΢һʹ˳һԼ˶ʮѾûУϹƣ˭Ҫ񻷡
ǣ˽һƣоѪ̲סƺһʵһ֪һӴ
ҹֹ
˼⡣
˾ϹƣǣϹ˭Ҫ񻷣ѵвʲô
Уһƺߺܶ죬ѵ˻ʶҪʲôأѵϹģϹҲһ飬ѵҪҲӵһͬ񻷣ǣϹģϹ᲻ɱԼΪʲôأΪʲô˶ûɱȴֻҪǿ񻷣

 32 

ȥϹҳҳϹ࣬ҳϹƣ
󣬽ջָʾȥϹࡣ
ΣûźæΪзȥϴǸСȥ
ô⣿˽ס
ͣһ£͵
ңҪȥģ֮Ҳûлع
ңϹ࣡ƭҲ֪ƭ
Ŷ𣡡͵ͷ
ͣѾ֪ˣЩ͵ĲΪȻ
ɶˣȻɵĻʱһʱ޷ݵΪǣˣȫţΪ˽ʲô¶óҺҲ
ɣһ£һ𣿡оֵֹֹĸоڷѿ
ǵģЩǰǲŵˣ˽ҪȥϹ࣡ʡ
ŶȥǰǸС壡ջ
㵹Ǻ뵽һȥˣһȥɣɣҲȥϹģһ·ɡ
ɲ֪ʲôʱǵԣһֵֹֹŽЩľ漴һ£ǽߣɺͽ֮ɱ֮ɻԸһɱһ
ȻԼҲĸ׺ߡ
㣡ɲٿȻһˣݡ
ɣôˣݣ˳ɵĿ⿴ȥΪ֮һҲ㿪Ļݣһʱ֪Ӧô졣
ݾװ㿪ǵߣȴѾ޴ɲأ˹
ͣɹһȥϹɣҡȦһ죬ѣȻ
û˵ֻüͷ
ʹҵϹ࣬ϹԸ⿴˵ɱ
磡ݿͣ
ˣǴһȥɣ磬ͽеʹǣҲܾݣʲôҪ޷ܾݣ
ֻԴ˵ĿһͣʲôҲû˵
һ·ԣΪ˻ݣͱóĬһĹԣԼҲΪðɣǰˣĬģֻżһɨˣдһ˿ˡ
һ·ڱȸ·
磬쵽𣿡С·ϣ̲ס˳ʽֻ͡
ˣǲˣ̲סĵĿȻǰһ˸š
һ˴·ֱ˶һƵػֱָƼͣ޷ͷһ
СģݵһֱڽϣϺ˵۾ȴһֱڿȻȴȻܹӦ䣬һ±ס˳ȥ
ۿѾȫһһȴָɣгӲѽŲ˰磬ɵصһɲǣһҲݺĵˣ
ɣͺȻһƹˣȴûһ˦ɽһסɣϹ࣬˾Ϲ࣬һ¾װ˿ϾǾ̡
㣿ɿѪ˹ȥһһȴݣʮ깦ףˣѾȥ
Ϲ࣡һƿϹ࣬סɣɰ㵱׽һ㾹Ȼһ̽Ҳҽ΢ֻһᣬɿܶ㲻٣뵽Լʶ֣б಻
ǵģңҪɱǽɣңҡϹʱֻתһ㣬ΪʲôΪʲôҪ˵׽ŪҪɱΪ߱ȴɣȪ֪Դѵѵһʼʹ⵽ΪʲôΪʲôôڵģִ̫ţ˶̫ƽ뱨𣬷˺ȴԼȴɣΪʲô
ͣôѾ͵ߣһ̽־ɵ
ÿɿˣ㻹ôҴҲһ·ģҵĴҵĴɣɣԲ𣬶Բɣ㲻Ҫ뿪ңҪ뿪ѽֻĵʢɣɵϡ
ݣ͵һݣݣת𣿡
ŶΪ̼߶´ӻóתιɵ
ɣɣ㲻Ҫ˯Ҫ˯ҡɣŷ֣еĵλɲһҲɣܣ
ɣҲڽţҧأһ£ԴԴ˹ȥֻϹɵɵվǣֻ֣Ϊʲô
ţˣ˫ۿӣ˻ݹеĳݣ˽üͷҲϹãȻ
ͣɸоĳ룬о׶ĵĴʹˣ֪ˣͣš
ɣͱ㲻Ҫ˵Ҫ˵
ҡҡͷЦ֪Ҳˣнͣɣ
ģ㲻ģʹĽţһ̧ͷϹ࣬Ҳ޷еı̲࣬˽콣ֱָϹࡣ
Ϲ࣡ʹ̤ǰһҧŭĿӡ
ͣҪҪһ֪ץס˽֣Ҫ˺㣬㣡ݣֿݡ
ݵͷʣǰȥ͡
ɳһɣѾˣҡȡһѪסĻȻִŵȻϷ
֣ܹо˥䣬ӦңҪˡ˺㣬ӦңĿͷ󺹵Ľоˮۿʱ˿̣֮ͻȻһ£ǾǽҲɱ˽Ϊ籨ΪΪǣң֪ʲôʱʼĵǣң
ɣһоɵԽԽ䣬ԽԽ䣬ҴӦ㣡һҧɡ
ûסͣһֱָϹ࣬ȻϹǰ棬͵һ˽壬ݴʧɫƿͣס˽
ôݿҺãн˿׻Ҳʱսһֻǽɫȴ͸ž

Ϊλ
̲סһߵɣɫʱһ䡣
Ϊʲôɫࡣ
ɱҲûã
ǾˣȻô˵ɻݣһйصŮӣô˵˵ʵѾûɱϹģʱѾ뵽һ̵Ϲ࣬ɾԭģ
΢΢ı£һ
ͣأԻţ͡
ɣͶ콣ܻɵߣɣ⣬ҲģҴȥҴҴȥҴһκģһԣͱɣͷҲصˣ
ãʰ콣˽
ˣȻĿŽ
û˵Ѫ˳ȴûио
֪ϲǣˣ
ݿüͷһ£ӹʹı飬оһᣬ֪˽еܣ֪ϵ˶˭ǸɵĹǸɱ֮ĹǸξȹĹ
һȻû۾
֮УݿһֱľȻϹȴ˶Ϲ࣬޵⡣
һֱճվǵϹཫãȻĿ⿴˽
ˣ̾һ¸ҵĿϹࡣ
ǣˣϹૣͻȻоңһжѾ޹أˣҲˣ϶ĳҲΪɵȻϲɣȻϲǸĻݣϣ˵ģɣҲ˽ģǶ˵ҲѾΪ߱˳ֻδ̫ˣһơһ˼˵İ
Ϲߵ˽ǰ˽ϵˣҲɵȥһһҪɱˣǲԼ
ϣԺҲ㣡Ϲ໺ȡе񻷣˽УͷǿݵӣǷŨü˿ȴдʹǰ˱׵ˣɷڣȴܽİ·ˣ̫׽Ūˡ
ҲˣݿϹŵӰв⡭

 33 

һ֮
ٴׯ
δ뵽Ҳһ죬ǰΪԼҪˣȴû뵽û뵽Լлָǵһ졣
ź⣬źȷĺѣ֪⣬ĸδܳ٣ܷԼ
Ǹ֣ǵҵɵĵطҲ
ͻȻЩ߽
ߣ֪ɱܶˣȻһѹȴӲڣ㣬䲻ɱȴΨһҺڵˣûϹ㣬ûгһޣҾͲôʹ࣬ߣ֪ȻˣѾʹ࣬أһҪںڰһҪΪĸҡ˵ȥˣԼһϣƾԼڳһ壬뵽ߣѽ⿪ĽĽģþɣߣԺǰһ޲ȥħһԵѾ԰ΪԼȥˣΪעǹ¶ģҲȥΪʲôͲܰϻأ
ϤϤһһ£ס˺˭أϹ࣬Ϲơ
´ˣҲԶܲ¶ԣΪ벻ˡ
磬ˣ𣿡ɣߵɣǸΪѾ˵ɣǸɣû
磬û뵽һ㣬Ҳһˣ֪𣿡ɹߵķǰѾˣΪҼܱǵÿҩֻ꣬Ϊ˰һ֧ϲΣŶ˸㣬ϹңΪ˾ңһľ磬ҾҺҸģǶҶܺãͣңȻԶҲݣǣȷڰң˵ΪҪʱŷ֣Ѿң磬˵òЦ
Ửɵӣֲȥ
磬֪Ϊʲô㣬ҺڻɽһúõĻţ˵ʦе书̸㣬˵㻹һεĻɽţʦˣ𣿿أ磬֪ҲһȥҲһػɽҶʦ֪ˣôҲҪѹҪȥԸԶҲ֪ԸԶҲҲǣ磬ҺѹģҺʦȴһȥ֪ҵѾˣֻʦҺʦܹңܹٱһΣһξ͹ˣϲСʱʦ˯ĸоǣԴҳ֮ʦҲûбˣ
ɱ˵ֶŷϵŵΨһˡ
硭ֹĬ˺һ˽ǰĸ򣬽ֻһĻþɣϲأЦ
磬ҾҪͳˣϣܹףǣҪˣɳһվ
ֻоһæֳסӡ
ɷ
ۿһһֻɳƵ
ףǣһһٵ˵
ȻĿȻüıˣţˣʲôˣ
ɣ˵ҪҾ֣оԼ鿪ˣɲǼӿϲԨ֪Լ龹ҲʱԸû⣬Ը֪ѾԸԼûһǣˣ֪ˣҲˣָоģֻԲͬطͬͬԸǵжԵˣȴΪʲô޸ͣȴ󱻵ݺݴһ£ʹԳ֣ǸȱݵˣѾӦָ飬Ӧ÷ָ飬ǣ֪ԼǴӺʱĸ飬ʲôʱأ˺ɵĳǴΣôǵڶΣǣסֵͬʱҲѾǣסģֻ֪Ҳֱ֪ߵڶУĻһʱ⣬ϣʱ䲻ϣܹԶŻˣԶҪ
ʹĿŽʹʹǲǻþǵģѾˣʱ̵ĸǻþѾܹܣأǸɱĳܹҪȥ
ɣȹңĵһҲһе񻷣ȥ
ɻסֺ֣ůůһʱ޷ſ
ֻ־һ綼ѾڣֻоԷоԷˡ
ɣְɣȷſˣԼȥƲס
콣ɵǰ۾
ҡֿɬҪɱҪΪ籨𣿲ܵģ֪ܵģѾ²֣ڵôȥɱһˣȥɱһˣʹĳˣ
֪Ҳģڿ˳ԶҲɱģͻȻоԼɵɵԼȥһðˣͣǸöãأݣжãͣݣǱһ˫ȴΪʲôͰݣݰΪͣȴ˽ںʲôϷ׷𣿻ϷŪ
ɣһ䣬ѾԶȥɵĿеĸ飬ǣǲܵģΪͣΪߣúԼΪʲôֻǻһߣΪʲôֻһɱ֣Ϊʲô

 34 


ΣϢѾ齭Ͳ
ͤȾƵĽ΢΢üͷ֪ôˣΪʲôȵľƱһӺȵûҪ࣬ģҪôƣ̲סü
ٹܽ£
û˵ƿࡣ
˵ûУãȻĬȴƴӣϲŭɫЩ죬ôˣ
ǣվȴȥվǶվֱֱġ
̾˿˿ȥ

ӣȥģҪ𣿡
һ·شֻžƣֱſڵʱ򣬽еľƣΪк
Ҫȥ
֪ģҲ˽⣬ֻǣթһ޷ĶǵģĶΪΪߵˣ֪ҲˣһģΪ͵ӣ
ôˣͲĿɣ㿴ôˣ㶵ģʶƵģ
Ŷܡƺȶ˰ɣɵûʲôͬȴòͬгۣ˿֣ΪѾһˣѵ
һξеľƣٲ롢ǵ
ιȥģͲ⣬ΪʲôȴҪ뿪Ϊʲôأ

ݺݵԼžƣҪȥҪȥĳ棬֪ɵ龹˵һֱԼǸˣǸˣǸ𣬷ŵ£ΪŮ˽ǣǸɱѽѵɱĻܰһޱϲ
͹٣ˣ㻹һɣȥɡ͹٣ΪȱݣƹݵϰʮֹģȻֻǻӻ֣һӣͷҲص뿪ˣֻ콣ɽׯ콣ɽׯޣֱޣ
ˣյ꣬յܴܼɵʱļ¶ܼʱůܼ𡭡
ѾôľƣΪʲôм䣬ӦӦ²ѣΪʲôʼɵӰӣֻһӰӣΪ֪ɳô֪üǲ䣬֪۾ǲ֪Ĵǲ죬ǣȴǸ޷Ӱӣǳ
ɣ֪˶·֪ĸڣֵ˵ϣԸˣֻǣˣȴΪﻹڽ֣
һɡߵ˽ǰ㶣׹ҫ£˽

ţͷоһ˿⣬ˡ
ʲôطоˣ˭
ңϹ࣡Ϲ೤̾һ
㣡һ£Ҫɱң
Ϲҡҡͷ
ΪʲôΪҾȹ㣿Ц
Ϲҡͷ
Ϊʲô⡣
Ϲ
Σһ仰
ϲɣ
Ĭ
ǵģһֱں֣ϹЦҪȻᱨģȻɱ㣬ʲôʸɱأοҵ˵ʵ߸ȫ㣡
ŶˣͻȻоһ飬Ϲô˵
ǵģ
ΪʲôֻϹ࣬Ϲشˡ
Ϊûɱ㸸ףҲûɱĸף
Ҳţ΢һҡͷ
ȥţ
أ
ȫ
Ϊ㸸ף
ΪҸףΪϹƣΪΪˣҪɱ㣬£
˼֪ʲô𣿡
񻷵ܣϹ಻⣬Ҳ֪ҵҲû˵
ҵ񻷱ˣġ
ʲôģ
֪
Ҫʲô
֪
ұΪ㸸ף񻷸ҵʱҾ֪ˣΪһ𣿡ʡ
ʲô£˵
һ񻷣
ģ
ԣģ˵ͷ

 35 

Ŀã
ݡ͡ĸ˸һ
Ҳ⣬ȫҾˣ̾һȴɵɫһ䡣
нݺƲ˵ȴĿҲɣ͸ĪҲֱɿΪʲôɡ
ɵͷͣİķ
һŲĸ˲̧ͷ
һˣվſڣ˵
һ԰ɣһۡ
ǣ˳ӣ¶һ˿ߣһɫ˿ߡ
̴Ϊһӣ¡
ͷԷʱ͸ɫ
ɣôˣͿЩֵĿŽʡ
Ŷûʲôæҡͷɫ˽񻷣̲סؿڣ񻷴˿ǡ
Ҳˣ
ҹþ˸оϢһεסݼį
һվ˽Ĵ⡣
ԥš
õ񻷣ȥ
˴˷Ŀģõ񻷻ѣȥôӴһʱ䣬Խ书ǻۺ൱˽⣬ƾ
ֻǸˣ
ԼղŵĲ½ҲֻǸˣµӦǸӵɱȨˣѡ
ҲʲôֻҪܳȥ
Ļʲôķ𣿵ʱһʵģȴûǸӣ
Լе£õģ
Ѿѡˣ
Ƭ̣Ѿȼգ˷֣Ϊе˶ֻ½ᾪѣҲھŵģ֪ˣǣѾǳģ
ʲôˣȻ洫ŭȻϵĿԣŨ̹
ʧϵĳ룬̧һơ
û뵽ξǻξҪأѵеĻȷģѵǱڵĵʵģ
ֻԵǸˣ˭
ֻһ
ʲôһ㶣ֻôһ䣬һֺֻľһƣصĻֻϣȻо΢΢һʹѱᡣ
־ڶỷû׼ɱ֡
룬콣֡
콣޵УƲͷ
Ȼ콣̴ѾԾ⣬漴ĳ
񣡡Ϣţ׼ľżˣ֮ڹԲ΢Цѡ
ô£⵽ô£峿䣬ʧɫصֱš
üͷһ
ģģǧҪǧҪһĽţһת
ݣˣʹҵҲѾ˵ȥȰݣȴ֪ô˵ܹ˽ݴ˿̵飬󵱳Ҫʱĸоһ
̲סȥɡ
ͣȰȰݣͣɣǿЦţѾزˮˣҲΪûΪ籨еھΣȻȴΪûǹɣΪоԼһķ䣬ΪֽѾľҲŲ֣ݵľͱˣأȴ޵ȨûУƾʲôΪޣΪޣͽȫܽˣȫܣ
ҲѾˣһ߿ɣǣɶѾû˸о
ˮαװļǿüͷ΢΢
ݿ޵˻ߣȻ޷ֹͣһ߷оһʹ
ҳҳеľѾ˼㣬ͻȻһƿͣ㲻Ҿ㣬ҳѽ㲻Ҿ㣬Ҿ㣬㡭϶˵ţĴӻóһ̽
ݣǸʲôæȥᣬüͷ
ͣ㲻ҪңҪңһˣ񣬡ˣҲҪˣôԾңôԣİΪҿκ£ǣȻңûϵֻҪܹһֱߣһֱǾ͹ˣȨҲҪȥҪҿҲˣȨûˣộôԡ
ݣҪɵ£ͻȻǰһ㿴ԼԸģҲԼ㰮ӦΪҳݻףΪ𣡡
ԣݣҪΪݣѽңæ͡
һһ˵ϣȻ̱˵ϡ
ݡʰ˽۵ݣһѹ
漣ģ˴ӷվг
𣿡ݴӵסǸһˣæĲϵңڣгǧٻصһγǰ
ݲŽһ˹ȥ󱯴ϲת˭Ҳ޷ܣοһδŮ

 36 

ллأû£ϹǰʱϹԼҲû뵽Լ˵Ĺ˵ʧ¡
״˳Լղŵʧ̬һ졣
ң㻳ܣǲǲ鵽ʲôˣ
ûУֱֻȥˣ˵յΣ粻鼱֮У콣һѾȥʱ
ֱȥˣѾõȫϹƴʧɫ
ǼٵģϹش
أ
Ϲ࿴Ҳ֪ΪʲôҪŪٵģǴݾߣҿûбʶơ
Ĳ⣡ġ
⣬ҲѾ𣿡ϹҲǴ󾪡
һ£Ĳ֪ɲûиκˣ
ͻȻоһů
ϹƳĬһᣬڻɻ
˵ͷ
֪ΪʲôȻʮ꣬ʼŵ⣡
֪콣
ǣ
㻳ɱ㸸ĸ

ϹƳ̾һʵҲһֱڻֻǿû֤ݣ
Ϊʲô
ΪС࣬
Сࣿ
ǵģС࣬Ϲǳ̾һСǻ컢ãֵһֱϲСȻңȴΪйԣĻҪɻ컢컢С޸ңӴԺֵңжд̣һȥң֪ǰ㸸׺ҹͬʱǣסңԣʵֻ㸸֪Ҵ˻ᣡ
ɱҸΪҲΪ˼޻㣿

ĸأ

Ϊĸ㣬ԡ
ǵģϹһ̾
Ϊм٣𣿡ͻȻʡ
ᣡ
ȥΣգϹ̲סڡ

ô죿
콣ɽׯһҵ
ɱ𣿡仰ʽ书ʽģʮˣǻݵĸףɱ

ʱϹͻȻ˵ԸԸų䣡

ʮô⼸Ҳ˲ٺ£Ҿȳ컢ȻһˡҸطӣϹ࣬ŲǽϹ඼˼ĺˣ
Ϲ̲ס죬ǰһҪɱˣ˿̾ѣˡͬ
ô᲻ȻС˰Σҡҡͷ
֪ģҡֻǸˣҲκˣҡ˺Ϲ࣬Ҳ֪ǻԼĸǣĲܣ
ϹҲҡҡͷ֪ôģԭָΪ飬һΪǿԿֵȴû뵽ݱģ֪жһᣬԶнⲻᡣ
ϹȦһ졣
ɫһ䣬Ȼ
Щ޿κεģֻһΣĲԸ⣡
Ϲĳ
оԼɬɬģĶҲȥֻص콣ɽׯֻ콣ɽׯ
ϹԼҲ֪ܾо˸УѾ񻷻ˣǻԼȻȡˣ˵ˣ
ݣɣϹƾƺԾ
Ϲ൹ǳһףû뵽׵ľϸһ棬ѹֵ꣬ĸ׻⡣
ǻݻɣ֮ܺһͣϹһ̾ϳ鶯¡
УϹƵָ˽ļϣҪǸ飡
飿
ԣ飡Ϲջ֣Ҳǵ콣ɽׯиˣ
鵱ձޱȵĻ˵Ϲ֣ҪɱϹƣأȻѾϹƲ֣Ǿֻһ𰸣Ǿǡ˵˻ѡ
Ϊʲô˵أʲôĿģʲôˣΪʲô


 37 

߽콣ɽׯӭĺȻ顣
үˣЦţɽׯѾ깤ԺǲǾסɽׯˣ
ţͷ
ҪҪЩףףˣ
ˣ֣ʲôζüŵһζЩ
Ѭ㣡Ĺâ
Ѭ㣡оһͣҪô죡
Ѭ㣡֡
Ŷһתл˵
ʲô£չȥ
ĳ֣Ȼץ˸ա
ΪɵôЦ֪ӾĸоʹҲס㣬Ҳ㷢֣˼ҩ㷢־Ѿˣ
ΪʲôСʣ۲ˡ
Ǽٵģ
񻷹͵ģҧ
Ȼ
Ϊʲô
㣬֪ۣҹҹ˼ֻ룡ľ仰һ顣
ʲô˼һȻ
ţֻҪ񻷵֣Ȼ֪䣡
ǻЦôҸĸҲǱˣ
ȷ
Ϊʲô
Ȩ֮֮ʹ
ȫ֪
Ϊ֮һ
һ⣬ܻشôϳ亹
ҪķϣҿԻش㣡Լǻʮ⣬书ȲϽõýֻһ͵ϴŽ˿ףҲա
꣬ΪʲôҪңǸԼ޷͵⡣
һΪݾ㣬ֻܳȥϹƣ
ôҵ۾
۾ǱŪϹģЦţҩѬģûκõĿܣ
㣬úݣһУǣ׵ǲ̫ˣ
ĸףһŵʱȻòˣԸԳͻȻѪ
㡭Ѫţκȴһ˿޷ۣĳźķԼȴ޷ν
ߺҺͻȻоһˣһֻСַסһҩȻоһжָˣ
һжڵϡ
һ˾
ˣɱʧ룬΢΢ĲţдŲţǣѾˣ㹻ˣѾ˭ˡ
ɱˣɱˣ̲סĺţо״ȻС䣬ȴһֻӶûɱɱˣȻѾ˺ܶɱ˵ĳ棬һȴԼɱˣΪԾõԲ۾ѾŤӣʺѪǸ̵ģȻôݣô׼Ĵʺģɱˣɱˣ
ɣײ˽ϣûµģɣûµģĺ£᲻˿̵飬統ɱ˵һ˺ĸоǾֺͻȻһ²ߣֻǺѾľˡ
ɱɱˣҡ־£ɱˣɱţֻ֪˵仰
ɣԼûд㲢ûдɣһ㣬㲢ûʲôúһ룬㲢ûʲôѽңңɱΪ˾Ұһġ
ɽЩѣ
ҡûɱˣ̧ͷĿŽȴŽƵȻûɣȻûнۣǡ
̲ס̾һָ˽Ķͷס۾
е֪ʲô˼ΪʲôǣɻûҲû˼γôô֡
̲͡ס΢΢ҡҡͷ˵֪Ҳϲ˽ͻô룬Ȼȴ͵ֺӶһ
͵ӣ͵ӣһڽĶһһΣ
ʧǵķſɣ͵ӣܡܡ
ĺʹʹ
ɲĿüĿɬǱΣоԼҲĿɬɬı룬ζΣǻþʵĲʵУֻǣһأΪʲôҲһʼΪʲôԼܹա
ôˣɻǰȻģס֡
ҡԾ̧ͷ֪ʲô֪ﵽôģ
ǣôģܽôԼ̾һһε§뻳
ҪܻᷢҪܻҲ㲻
ֺαȥأ
ֺαȥԼأ
Լһռ䣬ԼһɣԼһݣô

 38 

ԶöãůĻеϢƣɲĽУɽеΣеڵǶôƣ̲ס̾
һ£ϲչȴʣһʳһ仰
ΪʲôҪ޸ͣ
ǣûʳֻǸ§סʱ˿ֻ̣дʱ˿̵ĻᣬԺҲûлᱧˣ
˴ſڽһְֶּʹ۹ǣǣɣҲ۾
˵ֻб˴ˡ
һ͵ô˴ʱܰƻ˴˿̵ƽǵֱɶ
ɣСģɱĲǵУȷӦ˹ǣ齣֮Уֻü΢ӣɴ˿ȥ
Ĵ˽ڣͻȻЩЦϵѾˣںٶôһֻǣһһһ᲻սᡣ
ڵȥ

Ů˵ľݣһݣ붼Ѿףɱɣ
ģĲݣȻܸŮ֮ΨһˣǵģΨһˣǷݵģݣΪݻҸ˵öԣĸˣܸݴҸ˽Ϊð֮ǰʲôİ
һĽţһҩǣϢ΢ȥݣɱ˽ˣɱˣ棬ݣҲݣǡҡͷ֪Ӧô졣
ҡɱ˽ᣬ˿̣׵Ϲʱ飬ΪʲôΪʲôΪʲô
㲻ҪҪһ߿ţһ߰˿ڣѪò࣬ȴΪʲôϢԽԽ΢Ϊʲô˵һ仰
оۣۣ۾ƾһһϳ룬ˣϢҲʲô컢ʲôҲٱĸˣǻ˺ݣעҪ˺ݵģɣӵеŮӣȻܵõΪ͵ӣжҲǷ飬Ѿ͵ӣϹ࣬ϹƣҲߣԲľߣߣԭҰɣҲô㡪ŮӵĸȥأԭҰɣ
һӽл䡣
Ѿû־
һĺоɵϣ̾˿
ΪʲôΪʲôʧǵվɣѾٰˣΪʲô㲻ϼ޸Ϊʲô㱾ǰ͵ΪʲôҪΪʲôΪʲôΪʲôһһˣڳ˳ȥ
Ϊʲôһ£ΪʲôԼ֪ΪʲôܸΪʲôôܸңΪʲô޸ͣΪʲôҪôճյĿŽճյ˵š
ûм޸ͣͻȻ󻮹һ磬û޸ͣûǧźǧڸоԼڻڿϲ뺰У˵ûм޸ͣ
֪ΪҪˣɻԼһȥ죬ͻȻ֣Ҵûк޹㣬ûҪϵĻҵĻʱ룬ҲãҾͲΪûɱ㣬ԾöԲˣʱֻ룬ˣͻ뿪ݣһֱиϣϣܹҸ磬ͲįݾͲţ㣬ϣܹſԼǸŮǡֻ˹ҲκˣҲģҾ޸ͣΪ˵ǰҵģݣҲңʱ룬Ҳһý֣ǳףͻ뿪⣬ߵԶԶģǣΪʲôҪأΪʲôҪ͸أûа취Ӧ֪ͣһֱˣҸǰģȴһֱԣ֪ʵǰģİѽȻ㺦Ҹ磬Ȼ㣬ҲںʲôħӣҲںǲǸɱֻ֣֪ģһģļǿ棬Į棬ʵҲҲбˣԸһȥƷҲԸñֵ֪ʵɵɵĲţɱ𣿽ҪЦңҪЦɵôʲôʱĶ֪Ĳ֪
ɳճյ˵ţͣ˵ţ֪ٲ˵ûлˣٲ˵Ҳ˵ˣ
ĸǿݵӣİѴӡĶɸоԼһ˿ûˣ죬ۣ̾һԼ˽ϣ˯˯
ʱѾֹͣ
ɸоʱţķǣԼĺ
֪Ϊ֪ǰ磬ʱߵľġ
֪˶ã֪˯˶ãɸоͷϺЩأˡ
һֻͣͷϣĸ˿ĳǿʲôΪʲôоԼϢ˵Ĵء
ɣһڵͻ⣬Ļþ
ɣˣ촽䶯ϸСȴʮĵͻЩţΣˣˣ
ɣΪʲô˵֪ˣ
ģûΣҲûпû˺ܶ࣬촽°ڶ˿ﾹ˵
ɣ̾˿ɴ˿̵飬ȴܹ˿ε飬ʱһסӣ
ʵ˲Ǻأйȣֻ΢һѣȥֻΪû־û־ֻһʹҲܻȥڣ˯ŵʱ˹죬Ѿްˡ
ûɵˣΪʲôȥܺãΪʲôɫ˵ĺոɫ԰ף
𣿡̲ס붺ǷܲĻŭš
룬Ȼ룡ɽסᡣ
ɵϣ§ЩʹѾڹײҲģ
㡭ɸоԼһգΪҪˣĻһԶ˵ЩԶĵףԶ
ɣͻȻ̾һɣģĽʼնҪ򿪵ġ
ɣ˵ֻ֪Ǹˣҡ
ס졣
֪äĲä
ɣÿ֣֪ҡֻǸɱ֣
֪ɱöǸɱˣңǲԼԸģ
Уɣڴеʹ֪ҡ磡
һĬ
ɣЩĻţû׼ûǣ£ĺ£һֱģµ£һᣬһĽᡣ
Ըңҡֱˣ
֪֪ɰԼĻǲܹ㣬ҲܹңֻǸɺϣֻǸɺϣôңԭҵģһģңӦңҰ㲻Ϊͬ飬Ϊͬ޷ǹ޵ģǣԣʤޣҰ㣬ǧȷİ㣡
ɣоԼޣǣӦÿޣ
ɣûзһ£
ʲô
Ѿ˵˺ü鰮ңһû˵һ飡
㡭߼վ
뿪סɣҰ㣡
ġǵģġŮӣĿ
Ҳˣδһ˫۾ȻûнۣеĹȴ˵˵ˡ
˽ӵһƬһĽһҵڱ˴˵ˣ

 39 

ĵΣ
Ż컢üһ
ĬȻ
ڣ̾һվ
룬Ѿܿˣ˵
ˣ컢Ҳüͷ
֪ۣҹҹ˼ֻ룡
񻷣컢ͻȻоϢЩأϹ񻷣
ǣͷ˵Ŵóһ񻷣š
ѾõˣΪʲôҪ컢ǿ񻷡
Ϊֻһ飡ҲϹ࣡ͷҲû̧
Ҳҵõҿԡ
ҷ㣿Ц̧ͷΪһ𣿡
ңһҵһ񻷣ʹҵһ񻷣Ҳһֻһ飬ʱֻҪܹץң񲻾飬ܱҪöɣ컢Ҳվ
Ҳðգ
㡭ʲô˼컢оԼЩ
ҡҪɱˡ㣡һһٵ˵
㲻ܣ
ܣ
㡭컢һ㲻ܡ֪ھ壬ΪŭӶ
ܣ
㲻ܣһͻȻ˽
Ϲƣ󾪣ôģ
ҷǰģʹ˽
㡭㡭ɫס
߰ɣֵܣֺαأǰѾӦңֻҪˣ뿪ҲˣͿŻѾˣֺαؿأο㲻㻹ǵĵһһúõĹӣôԸ㲻ʲôԸֻһͨˣҡ
ˣЦʲôѵôҵԸûϻӣˣ˰š
˵˴ĵģݲ֪ʲôʱ˽ˣѾ˺ܶˣѾ˺˺ܶˣֺαִ̫ţȥѾȥˣֺαһҪϣΣʲô˺˭ûٻ㱨ˣҲûܹ˳ˣֺαء뵽ߣ뵽ɣ뵽Ϲ࣬Ҳ뵽˽ŲҰ׵ס۾ʳ֪û
ݣһ£㣬㶼֪ʲôʣһֱеһֱŮΪݵΪݵĸףССã
һƽŮӰʵѴСĿеλãֻǣòĲõģѲӸԣ
Ҳ⣡
İ̫ǿң
ǸΪĿĲֶεˣ
ݲȥˮˣ
Ŀף᲻֪Խĸ飬ǣҪ˺ǲ
ˣϹƺͶţһŻݡ
ãȻûʧͻȻЦȻЦȴͻȻжϵˣΪݵĻ˵
Ҳˣ
ܾˣһ¡
ûУ
ûУ
Ǳɱģ
ʲô
ݣ
㣡
ͬʱˣǶݺͽ֮ľ᲻Ȼȴ˵ɱģôţ
ǣɱҡᣬǰ콣ɽׯɱ֡ţҲ˵һ
죬㲣ΣԼҪȥˣ
ǿ񣬡֪ɱ˽ĸĸҲ֪ŪϹ˽۾ǣѾˣѾ㱨ˣְɣһ뿪һĵطһƽôһһŮһúչģϹǰͻȻϹƵǰ֪֪ҵԲ㣬ҵð޻㣬׷ɱô꣬ңҸ˺ŮͷҵԭҰɣҡݿţ˵ţͷǱݣı飬飬һһϹγỨϹƴû뵽ԼҲижһ죬ᱻ˵ŮжˣоԼѾˣ
ݹַ˻ݣѾԭˣ㲻ô뷨࣬Ҳô˵
վ˿ֿͣ
֣һܷ𣿣ȻһЦϹƣŮǿأ
еľ΢ҡҡͷһƬãȻ
Ѿ˽ȻˣǾû֪ˣϹд˿̳˶Իݵͬ飬ԼŮϹ࣡
ǿǼٵģһŮǣ߽컢㲻ҾҪ¶׹⡭

 40 

񻷵ȷϹϣһεͻȻ洫˽һ΢ЩҵĽŲһ˽
ݾге˶ˡ
㣬ûݲ
΢ҡҡͷɫ
ݣãߵ˻ݵߣݣҡҶԲ㣡ҧҧԲ𣬼Ϊе˺ҲΪҪݸ׵˺
ҡͷҲûԲңҵԲ㣬ԲȫңǶԲ㣬ҡݱס̲סӿޡ
ݣ̾һĳҲ㣬ģҲ㣬һû˵ȥǰûһ֪ɶ飬β֪
ģֻݣȴûݸ
ݶһԵһ顣
Сʱʹûɱ
ˣһһİԸΪκ¡
ڣԭĵΪ׶ڡ
ݴûи
һͻȻγɣһ£ΪԼҲΪݡ
常
һ˵۹⣬ûţл常֪࣬ԭί֮л常
Ҳһ£ͻȻЦˡ
常Ƕҵĳӱջˣ˵˵
˿
ԭҰɣԭҲΪǱѾԼҸҲȥ˺ݣûûңҲͲΪǱԣΪݣΪеˣԭҰɣ
ĬĬĵš
常ʮ꣬䣬̻ҪģݵĸףȻһЩܻ£ǣҲΪ£ҡѾˣÿ˶ҪģֺαһҪأ常ְɣȰְɣô˵ͻǰֵܣǡ
ߣһʮ꣬ںúڣ治ģҲΪԭңЦɱȫʮ߿ˣҰһɱ֣ҪҳȥϹƣ㾹ԭңЦţܹԭң̫߳˵ˣã㿴ϵʲô̶ȡ
ŴЦĵڣһڷɵ˭Ҳûϵͻɱ֣˭ҲûпǷɵǴʲôطʲôʱĸλġ
ɵֱĿûӾĽܹ
Ϲһ£Ȼ󿴵΢΢鶯Σһڷ£ʱɵҲѾˡ

ݣһҺУϹû뵽龹ˡ
ݵ˽ǰ棬Ƿɵ۵ĺ󾱣Ѫӿ
ɵһ˭Ĳһ޷ٻ
ݣͼǰסݣȻݵȻŽĲӡ
ݺ俩ֱ죬˫ĿɻɢȻȴ΢Ц΢Цǡ
ݣ⣬⣬ôôһ˵һһֵʪ
桭ҡɡ˵һҡҡĽܹõġңҡȴܣҡ
ֻоһأѾһ
ͼһ˺
Ѿ˽˫ۣ
ۿŻһɢ˾ǴסˣŮѾ뿪ĶأӰ
ͣŽûпݣȴֻŽ
ͣĶӣ֪ʹ˿̵һǼȵıˣȴã֪ĴֻܴǣͻһɣȻ˵ɰòͣǽָһеıˣеľеķߺޣ
ߺޣ
˿̣Ѿ۹˻ĸס
ͣͣҵĶӣ۹⿴ĸף
һ
ôôѵ㲻֪͵δôԡŲԣҪͣҪ۹⿴
ˣĳ廨΢ЦҲֽ֪ģɶԽ˽⣬ɶԽĹģУ죬һеȥ׷ɣҡ֪ģҶԲɣһһεĸǣ㣬ΪʲôҪôΪʲôôˣ˺ô֮㻹ǲܻΪʲô㵽ΪʲôǰôҪҪԲҪݣҪңҡͷ۾ֱֱĿŻеķŭͱˣûľѡ
㵱Ȼ
죬к֣һһ˳֣ڣһ˽ˣһȻɣֻǱŽģǡһӣ
ݣվ
˿̣ɿȥݣгʺͱˡ
ͺϹƲгɵ֣Ȼȴ۹ֹ
ȻһУ΢΢һЦ
Ϊʲô˵ˣôûл˵ˣЦţֵ㿪ɵѨ
ɱս죬ʹҧŴ
˵Ϊʲô˵һƺݺݵɺ󱳣ʹ߳
ɣͬʱû뵽ƾ̶̵һϳɣ㶵ĿŽͻȻӿһů
ôˣֻңʵ
ģԹЦţùĶҾҪŮˣҲ
㡭ˡ
˻ߣ磬ҲɣϾǵĶӣ
ͿһɣĬĬߵɵߡ
нǣϹҲܰô˵𣿡
ĬȻ
ҪңɵѨֱˣĿͣ
û˵ʲôתͷҴѵ
񻷣һϲӻóһ񻷣ֽӹ˻еǿ飬ֻ־
ҵˣڿҵˣ
ͻȻЦ
һߵĻ컢ͻȻͫһûע⵽ֻͣΪȥԸٿɰԹ
ƷͻȻӲܵĵط֣һֻֿһĶ˻е񻷣Ȼһ˫ƺݺݵĻ˻Լٳֵɡ
Һͬӵд˺Ѿסһ㣬۾ɵôģֱǰʵ
ڵϵӣеӡ
ͺͻ
ѾһߵˣüͷƺԼĳֲˣţ·ǰ˾͡
Ȼͣǻ컢Ǹɵʦȥ书Ļ컢
ʱüͷΪҪɱɣ͡
ϹѾ⿪ɵѨ˽Ҳ޷۵˽ıһü͡
ѾˣϴЦݡ
㡭ûСʧȥ书ϹüΪʲôҪɱɣ
ûʧȥ书컢ĿһʧǵĻȻֿ˿ͣҲüͷɱֻһģ˶ѣ
㡭û뵽һĺݣϹҧΪΤЦã
ԣΪΤЦã컢Цû˻֪ǻɽӣ㣡
ôΤЦҲΪԭʣϹͻȻ
Ȼ
ǴˣˣϹš
㵱Ȼˣ컢ЦţϢˣ֪㲻ɱңĴ磬Ϊά㣬ʧȥУɱ㲻ᣡ
㣡ϹͻȻоǰδеۣҲɱ㣡ҲܣܣţһҡͷһߵˣãŲΣ
֮ڣʵɵ
ǣϹȴ֪컢˵öʵ˭ɱ컢ֻϹƲԡ
컢Ĵ磬ݵĴ硣
컢빲ֵܣʮ빲
컢ûɱЦˣΪάʧȥһС
컢Ҳά˶ʮˣΪάӣŮ
ɱ˭ɱ컢ֻܣ

 41 

ҵģҵˣ컢񻷣ڿЦ
ɽŵסֵĽ
ô죿ֻʣˣ컢۹ɨ
ˣңһֱѾɵ˵ĻͻȻ˵ˡ
컢һۺ˿
ޱȣеŮѾˣŮԼϣԼֵܵϣѾʲôûˣʲôûˣ
㡭컢̲ס˸䡣
㻹Ҷӵһ˫˹
컢뻳æܿһӻϳ˳
ۣҲ͵ϳһѽֻýײ죬α任鼱ƴ
ɣǿߣ
ۿԼԽԽۿδ˺ɱ񶷣ò֪롣˿̵ĽоǹɺȻĽֱԼһɣ˳Ρ
ȻΪѨ̫ãֻ·˫һڵء
߰ɣţȴһʱվ᲻֪˿̵գæ˽ķ֡
ͬˣһ·Ѿ
ۿҪѽȦС
һȦսȦн˿׻ܹӵһ٣أһȦ˽ȥ书ɡ
һҧ콣һսȦ
ֻһֻ˽ıӰ
콣޵У콣һѺýȻָǿֵĹע£ֳͨҲ˵࣬Ҳ˵ɵ
ཻҫ۵Ĺ⡣
컢ֻһ䣬ͨһ㣬Ĺȥ
ߣҪˣɺôһ
ܶ˵ˣʱ˿̣ʹҲѾˡ
һҧ߳һ콣ӳ
һֻĿһ콣֣˺ΪһˣƱȦսȦ
һѪվסֻɫһ֪ѾӲµڶˡ
һɫͻȻء
һƽڶν콣Ľʣ΢


ͻ컢Ǿһ

콣
콣ֻĽʣ
ǳʺ콣
ˣ
컢ˣ
ˣ
ˣ
ʱ·ͻȻֹͻȻóޱȡ
ֻ룡
ֻ룡
ͬʱЦš
ң
ң
˼ͬʱŭһͬʱ˽
˭Ҳû뵽Ѱ˶ʮһֱڽУһֱڻıӵ£˵ġ
춪ۿΧɴ󼱣鼱֮УͻȻ뵽ڻͻ컢ֻֻҪᣬǻᶷܾ˶˼
Ȼûж
ôᶪأںʲôֻ֪е콣콣ɽׯ콣ĸΨһһֱ콣
ɻ䣬ȴףᶪ˽ʹҲᶪ
ɵ͸˾ΪţŽܹ⵱ֵĺϻյ˫
ͻȻúۣۣ
һ磬һӹɣ
磿
з硣
æۣ
ײ
ƺߣ
ȻͻȻһĬ
ͻȻһˣ
Ϲƣ
Ϲȥ
ôֻн˹ȥס˽
û£ҡͷԲɣҲܶҡ
˵ˣס죬֪֪ģϲ˽Ļ
Ϲƣ㡭㾹ҡɱңã컢ŵأԲţϹƵУָϹƣȴĵȥ
ɱúãɱúãȴЦţһѪסʺȻأ
꣬꣬Ҳû뵽ǻͬһ˵ǻͬһطͬһʱ䣬ͬһ˿ڡ
һѪۻڻĺ䣬Ҳڻ컢ĺ䡣
ӡֵܡŮãУȫǻҵˣѾûкˡ
˭Ĵ
Ϲɫ࣡
Ϲ塭ӵǰ
Ϲҡҡͷְڰ֡
ɣʲôҪ˵ˣ
ûĻĮޱȡᶨޱȣ
ǡûʲôϹһ㶣ͻȻһЦԺǺΪ֮
¶һЦЦƱǱ飬̤߳Ρ
⡣
Ϲȴĸס
Ϲǰ
û£ϹͷЩ˸С
ɡҸģϹԴĿɬЦţ֪Ժܼܲǣ
ģֻҪͿԼͣͣϹƿЦǲǣֻطȥǡ֪¸ζȹ׷֮жȹûкúõĹһ˵
֪Ϲҧҧ콣ɽׯǽļң
ɽɵļңϹ뵽һڴʦкĿȥһڴʦ֪Ժ
ǡһ콣ɽׯģϹ̲סͷֻһᣬһ콣ɽׯһᣡ
᲻֪ס۾ӵˣ
Ůסӵ졣
ӻȡŮӵִ֣Ůһֻ֣
ֶֻԼĴߣ
ֶֻԼĿڣ
б£ӵ˷·һԣ

ãصС˵ www.27txt.com ӭȥŶ
վԴȫתԻ֧棬ȨУ