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һУң½ϱվҪ뿪ĿĹǰֻ2·뿪һ
ҵĹ磬һ羰续ССˮԶҼҽҵĵǵصҽҵļҲСΪŮӣûѧҽֻǲ֪ҵҽκһ˶áΪҩǧһżȻ֮󣬾Ҳ˼ݣ档ŵӡ
ʦޱİƽҽ书ˡʦˣǰңΨһһѧҩƪĵӣҪҰҽβˡĴҽˡд̹Ȼ
ԭҺͻʹκνǣһν֮ͻȻбʢĽϷϲŨȤǣҾֻûʹҹɫ֮С
ҸԹֱ˺޷ϧ޷ԤϵĽ죬ٵʱһ㷴ҲûС
빬ʱҿǻϾޡ޾ϲ񣬻ϵĳ谮ƵȨĶ塣
棬ҽʺָҵŮҰϣΪͲҵĵˣЦôĲãůҡҲס˻ϣʺϻʹԴ楱ƷˡڻϵУȴһһҪ
ֵˣ֪ڻϵУҽԶˣʧȥ˿ҲҪҵĲŻЦǡ
ǸɵΪԼܳƽ£ͻһҹ֮ΪԼѾںվȽŸˡӣԣ֪ԸҵˣƽǸ˵ůǺŮ˵ĻϡΪԶ룬Ҳûκ
֪ԼĶ֣Һ켶һʱʱҲĵ˺ܶˡڣſҵЦء
СεĻ䣬ҲûĶˣԸȥ乬Ǹȥ˾ܷĵطǣҲǸʹһĵط֪ҵıҵҵĹֱĸԣһж޷ͷˣ֪Ըȥƽµ»ǣһѡǸھ󹬵½һȥˡ
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϶ȥ乬ܲ⣬һΣҾܾˣϣĹϵĻţȥվУұȲûҡ
ȥ乬죬ͻȻ׵罻ӣ꣬·ҲΪҲƽΪʲôǰǺôˡʵҵǺܲĵģһкܶ౧ûʵֻ֣Ҳ֪Լ԰á
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ڣּ˻ϣǰսȴȱһƵͼĸ֣ǣҵĻˡ
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ҲĻ̫ˣ˵һ䣬˺ܶ࣬Ƕ㲻ˣ޷ԸģԸȥģеһлվɡҵһӾӿˣԭĻлᡣ̧ͷĿŻϡǻϻ𣿡ҵ룬ǰҾġ
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ǣǸõ乬ŵĻԸŮҲˡ
⵹ף֪ڻϳ谮ԶʤңȻҵرҲ˻ϡǸСĵˣһŶ©ģ
һֱڿĵȺᣬʹһ΢Цһôʹ飬̵ģˣ̵ģҲˡҵĻǶôã϶ĳ谮޷ġ

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꣬ҺСǡСɽһ񷿣Ҳϲջûмҵĸо죬ҺС⺼Ȫһλβ˵ġ
С㣬㿴С˷ܵĽš£һЩȪˮ˵ˮ峺ˣһе𰡣
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ߵȪˮϣȪˮǴģɽӦˡСΣȥҡ
С㣬е㺦£춼ˣСεЩ־塣һƬžļžд⣬ǵϣЩɭ
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ȥפӪȻģȴ˼𶯣ԭǾеˣֲܾʲһҲ˵ԭ˵ģ˲ݾܾϡ
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Ҵ̾ߣȻ͵Ҳûʲô˼ˡһչҵŮЪϢĸʣ˵ҩֱȥ
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ȷʵǵˣӦǸܺõİ֡ϧΪá͸ӵķ϶ҿǸ˼ı顣
λĹӦλ˰ɣ11Ůͬв̫㣬һֱŮװǫΪǸӡ
Ҳ֪ȷûо֮ŰԼҲôĶôص֮󣬾Ȼ˿ԾȻҡ
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ܳ谮ң˵һӣ17ʱ£20֯˸ƵӪҲĶŮӣСϪ
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ҵһҧгݵĽŴֵ֡ΪѪȴİŮˡô죿ҵر߸һףҵĸԿѵֵУлϣ˱£һֱǲսĺֵܡ
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㡣ˣòţûźûϡҲۼĴӻʺгԼ֡
5ˣҽ5ˣ̫˽ʺˡǻϾ˾˵ŮҲʢĲŮԴ빬Ժ󣬻϶ҲƽƽǸħĵطвŮҲᱻ빬ĵһ꣬׺ң˵ڹдʫҲ㱻ǻڹؼʱϵͳΪڵһԩˡ빬ڶ꣬Ҳº컨ʧȥӡûʧȥǸӣǽҾͲ½ˡ빬꣬û϶ʧȥȤ
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С㡱Сһ˵ҵĻˮҲıסҡ᲻÷֡ȻǣСʺǰ£˸񣬡лʺСεľ֮
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С㣬ҲڵЩӣ˺ܶࡣСһȻˣ˵˵ļˡ
궬ҹʹƣûΪҺȾǰٿĬ棬ʢŭ֮³ҪҡʱֲĳѪ˿Ķɱ⡣޴ɶ㣬鼱֮Сס˻еѪһһεĴӱ͸ϣ㲻ҪԩﰡǷдģҺ˽鰡
һ澺һԽţŹᣬҪȶá
һ߿СΣְѱҲϡ˵㲻ã㾹ȻҪޡ
û飬Ҳϵġҹޱ飬飬յĿգңҵһȴ
Ѫ˿ҵĲȾҰɫĹװȾѩļ̧ͷǿĮĿŻϣϱҵӾˡıһӵڵϡһʹȻ˵½ǽ¸󣬴áŮָСΡ
ϣҷһҽУһ򵽻ǰԸСϷĮǱѷԸŮСιҩһҼѪ˿Сεûв´ôͶӵģӦǺ׶졣
ҴӵСΣѼҵĹŮСαڻѾһϢˣѾ˵ˣֻһ˫˵ҡҴˣɵˡ
ıҲŻ߹ҪңǱұסˣҵնСΣһ߳ҲҵϣߵſڣͻȻתЦţϣӽˣԼ˶ϣȥ乬ȹ˵꣬ұСξȻȥ·ʹĿͶϡЦ
СεĻҵıˣС㣬ǵǸʱҰ͵ȥ˵ҲûлؽˣҴȥ𣿡
ǵáǸʱң˰Сεͻؽϡ
ʱ򣬾һƫƧɽׯˣÿи书ǿڹΪˣж̫ʹڣҲûġС㣬СδһȻûһСμ˵ Ҳ֪ҵǸǻʺ˺֮󣬾һֱסǸɽׯһֱʺ˽ҽ
СҵС㣬˺öࡣ
ƽͺãԻؽϡǸ˵ĵطһˣҲ롭ҵĻвɵļ
С㣬ҪߣҪһȥСһľǿС㣬ҪߣٻصߡСεҿҵСֿҵеģôܾСΡ
СˣǲǰˣҸ˸ֽҶΪ˼ĽٺҶСΣ𣬾˵ǻʺ·ֵ¸ġ

 

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СȰȥ￴ϣյġ
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ȥ乬楡極Һ𾪣楹ģĸ׾Ǵʢر߽Ӻ衣2빬Ը빬꣬ͱΪ楡ûϳ谮Ҹ빬ʱչңϧȻҵĳ˾֮ף楣˽Ȼ㡣
ͷң˫ĿɫƵķ踾ܽӺ˼죬ѵϵֱ
ܽ㣬ұĽһҪץס͵֣ľˣһƿңһ ģˤڵء
ߣҶ˵ȥĹµСӸҽ
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乬ʱûٸɫΪġ
ɻұͫɢϢյ飬Բƽϣ楣Ұźãҽ㿴ҸпĶСӣȻȻб´乬߳ȥҲа취ʧ
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ҽ飬ҲΪˡǴڿʼܽ㻻ɾ·Ժôãκεһ˵ҴҶƮȻȥ
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һҽ鲻ùе֪Ҷʹ˸ɫҶ⣬֧˼С̫ࡣ Ұܽңǲ̫ˣʵڲеأҿ˼ζҩҶȥ̫ҽԺץҩȣܽҪܳһʱˡ
Ҷȥץҩˣһܽ˵˵˵˵ǰĵ飬ô˵㶼һӡȻɥˡ
乬ģŷùζһֱһֱ顣ҵ˼ַ·ص˺ܾǰ
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Ȼعɣ˵

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Ҷ˵С㣬ҸտﶼѾȥˣӿɲ󡣡
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ֵˣվСһĺϻӵҰһҺɫĻԾҵߡʲô˾ʡ
ϣǵ과ڽϵõɽѩһǧſһλҰѺӵݸϡ
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һŮֳֻһŮ򿪻ԭһ÷ͼ÷治ľ֣һѩҹɽ÷ƮƮİѩɽеСݣ͸͵ĵƹ⣬ɽеļ÷Եñ¡˲˼
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ʺ촽ϣ֮ǰ˵ơ ϿĻƺ˻ʺûأɻʺٲܳ裬ҲǸʺ
ϿĻеδʺ˵Ҫ˵ƣеԥ
ʶ˵̫ǻʺĹ裬ĻҲͻģȻͰŻʺ̫ȻҲ޻Ҳϲӡ
һƶˣֻһЩ¹͸ȴڻ谵ģֻģĿһЩӰһӾˣĿҵĺǰһƬ÷֣÷ҷһƬ̾
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÷ֵĸȾ˻ʺ󣬻ϵһӸϲ
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ϡһæվ𣬡÷հﳼ檵һѻġ
ֻһְȥַԸ߹޾ȥʺˣɡ⣬͵޵鷿ȥ
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ҵﰵϲ־úܱƽó谡ǻһ仰áµҺȻԼĸһЩã
һҹ˻ϣֻлʺõĪ㡣˵ڻʺֱڶ뿪

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Դӻƺһӱ졣ȥʺеӶԻʺиоġ˵̫ӵʱ򣬾ͻʺΡʱĻʺòҲˮһŮӰʺƺҲҵ飬Ͼҵİæֵõ˻ϵĳ谮ҲиҺܶǺգˣûԶѣοʺҲҵѡżҲҹڣ壬ϲҵ磬ϾֺĿǾ˺ġ
ˣҰһӷϺԻȻһЦˣϡ
ƺԼ䣬ֿȻָһ˵ôûпζĿңҷеɲ⡣߹˿
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ʱ򣬻ѾˣҶźҴ£ůЦţŷ־һƬƬǺۡϣôˡڰ
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ƲԹ̫ӣѰ˼ǲĸ𣿡Ұ·ãԼšǻϻ˵ʲôˣ
û˵ʲô ҶʲôƵģ˵ˣСˣԼȥ鷿
Ҿȥ鷿ƲԹ̫ǴʢĹһʲô壬ԼʧСǴ
鷿ţƽͻӰĸ߹Ҳſվšƿšһ˱ſڣǷ÷١תûм˾ӣǷҼΪֻһеɹеôһְµһžԾԺ뵽ѿڶ̫ӡ
ƺܲô֪ݣҵţΪǸйµģˣһ
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ϵҲҲμˣǵ̫ӻ׷ҡСϣ˵岻ʣμҹˡҹҲãһǲμӣû˻עġ
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ҪȻͻܰڣҾͺܶʱȥܽˡΪ±˷֣ҳҹ뻻˹Ů·ȥ乬 ܽһ֮ƺ˺ܶ࣬ܰˡҸܽĸճ乬͸оںңߵĿ죬ҲߵĿ졣ͣ£ͷʲôҲûСģáҵĸоġ
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ūʲô̫ͣӵ˼ǹң֣żղ˵㡣ǰԸ;ˣڣֻ뱣뱣ˡ
Ҽ乬ΪλβˣһҲԽҵĶԭҺܾãҾȻûзҾñ亹ð
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ͻȻƽңƾҹ乬˵ȥϣ㻹ң
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ſ֣ҺݺݵĶôȷһԽĶ
ֻʣ°ˣȻʲôҪԣеʽЦݡҲע⣬һҹӡ¸󣿿Ǳ¸ˡ
㻹ңҶӦβˣƣĶ֡
մʱ乬Ź˵꣬ƮȻȥԭṦ֮ϡ

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ڶ죬ֻԼȥ乬Ѿһķˡ乬ǸȫĵطǸĽ䡣
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ʷ ңĴ³̡֣㱨һұ¸Ѿ̵֡
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ӯӯݵ檲μϡôݵ֪߹ʹһɫҲ˻ϵɫЩÿ
Цֱۣ볼ˣ
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ӹȴסҵ֣Ĺâ㵽˭ܾ㲻ǸŮ裬ǧҩİɣ
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ǿڵƹգǿڵƹ·ʵĹââһ鱦ʯִ˵ƣˣİɼҶ۾ҺЦΪֻһͨıʦϿӦþдĴ˵еǿǣ궼ڻϿӻ˥ϣշҲ֡һ鱦ﰡ
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ҹܽƺҾĿʶĸоܽ㣬š
ңеӲȴϲôˣܽ˽ȻһСţԽԽáٲöãһ׿ڸңࡣ
һֱú֣ܽôһҹ֮裬2ŮĶҲ޹ʵʧ١ˣڻǲҪˣҲûãĿǰȰܽĲκ˵
عʱ򾭹ͻȻĴֱӷ˺棬ɵ˺еͤϲ룬ͤоȻˣҽ롣һ¹ſԭǸİ̫࣬
˵̫࣬Ҳ̫Σ̫ٷ̫
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Ҷƽʱ˺ܶС̫࣬ȥҸ˶÷ȵڶҶ˻ظ˵λһֱҲû˴÷
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ܽĲ˺ܶ࣬乬ܲҪ׿϶Сں󹬻ҵһܽսʱĻڴůʱ򻭵ģ˱Ȼ
Ұѻ֪͡Ѿţҹװ֪ͻ
ڸ㶼֪ұ
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º͵ЦЦңôù㣿ҵͷûܿĳ硣
ȻϵĻˣڿʲôô񣿡߹ȥŻе粻һʱҲҿˡ
˺ܾã˿ڣе˻ƣ𣿡
ϻǵܽ㣿ҵһ˼ı˸оܽ㻹оġ
ϣܽ乬ĺϾҲǻϰģ檶϶׼檰ܽӵСסͻȻһ
ϴСѾˣ乬˿ܣû˿ܣǣȻѾЩɿˡ
æס檱֤ٷ顣Ҿַġ
˺ˣ޸ˣӦǣЦҵ֡
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ʲôҴ乬֮һֱҲ䲻ȣôͻȻˡţѾš
񣬡¸ĿеţϾ󹬵һ˵ѹˡ
Ц⣬αأûн㣬Ľ찡
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ӹ裬Ƶĺһڣ˵Ľ˹αظԼ鷳ողֻʥ裬Ҫ˻ϡŰľ档
££ͷϱ˼ҲͬϱĽġ
ЦȴɫЭʺ󹬣乬ӳһ︾ѱ
ϱңеҹеü˳۵İģ
Сƻϴߣһڹһ ڷԸѾߣʵҲ˵ġ
е㼱ˣܽ㱻ߣҲ޻ټˡҶʹ˸ɫҶ⣬͵͵ȥˡֻʱˡ
ǰȵ˵˵ļǣں¸ϱһЩóԵĸ㣬Ҳ١˵û˵꣬СѾɸ˳ɸȷĺܺãҽϵزڡټϱ¸СӰɸֻ״ɷǺÿ
һŵȷóԣֳ˵ڶ飬ǵڶ֮ҪˣӲҪٳһ飬Ųҵͼ˵½ǣʲô˵꣬˵ˣϴߡ
2÷ĹŮܽǿҪߣܽ㲻ߣǺݺݵܽ㣬ܽתͷĿң˼
ң޿κΣֻһССǣﰵҶôڻ
šţۿǳ¸ſˣҼȹϵϡֻйеʺݵԶʺóһ·ʺһݵ߽¸Щпʺƽʱٲó裬ڳϣǻʺӵϵȨ
ôˣ¸ôְʺ۾ӹڳÿһˣлʺϡεεʺ棬ŻѾ׼뿪乬׼ϴаסأ
ʺ󣬱ܽͬãԸչܽ㣬ҲͬˣʺѾ֣һæܽߡ
ʺܽ㣬˿۵׵̾ϢܽҲ޾󹬡ڷһ仰ڱ¸ɡ
ʺ˵ʲôʺѴĻ˳һ¸ǺͱһأȻϡ
Ǻεȴˣ޺޵Ļӻ䣬ͻʺһˡ
һȺ˳˱¸ҶһС㣬㲻֪Ҹոж༱Ҹ鷿Ϻ߻ү£߹ҲͨҼǣ뵽ȥһʺ󡣡
ҶͷǣԺ󲻵ʮ𼱣Ҫȥһʺ󡣡Ļû˵ҲǷʺ飬ҴǸжرˡ
Ҹܽ㲦2ѾߣһɾӣҪܳ㣬ʺܽĲ˾סܽڱ¸󰲶ˡ

ʮһ Ѿ

ЩӵƣܽѾˣҲܺ˵˵һЩ£Ȼ˵ЩҲܺãҸ֮ܽ2˾ϣԡԺУֻҶˡ
ʲôһ꣬Ӳȥ˹УôգţѾš
˲裬֮˿ڣããˡð
Ǳҡ΢Цݡ
ܣ˿һźҶСΣùɫ㣬źѾ߶ôˮ顣
֪һʲôҪ飬㣬ʲôֱӿڡ
һɲǵĳɣڻǿ˿ڣ˵λѾͷ̣
̣Ҫġ
Ҽλ̹ɣ ģǾ仰ȴһը̫Ӹź˵ǿ㹬е̹̫Ӹ绹ûƲδĻʺ󰡣ҽ˻ϣ˵ñȵ㹬￴
̱˽վ˸һֱͷߵߣ̧ͷñ
̧ͷĿеʧѾгĻ㲻ɱϾҲֻе֮ˣСұ͵ġ
ߺҶЩ֪ʼĩġұΪǶȻͬԶ޵ģҲҹп̣һı顣ܾҲȫ
̫ӵ˵ڶźȷֻҪ̡غ԰͸ϾֻǸѾĻϵѺð׼ټˡ
̫ӵĵźѾŭˣ˵ҪýȢҪİˡ̫ӵļ޷޿κΡ
͵͵ң֪Ϊʲô̫Ӹϲ̣̾ǸԼԦ̫ӸˡϵˣĻԼ͸ŵġ
ҵĵĸҵ˵һ֣ɽľ棬Ҷ̳ǸΣ̫ӵǸӣһ̲ǵṆ̵̀˻ֻ֪һƽŮӣ̫ӵЩƻ檣鷢չزѾ޷ƿˡ
̼ΪƲ̫飬ʹˣ˾ۡ˼ʣж˲ģһƽĹŮһ죬ʲô²ᷢ
ϵĲˣΪ̹̫ӵӭȢҪԶޣʱסұ¸ƲԵǿĿõģһʱұ¸ͥУͽλδƲԻ
̱ķǳæµÿնйеŮǡװԴװ˵Ϲɫ㣬ҲǸˡ˽̻Ǻģ̫ӵеʱҲͷİˣôһ죬ƺЩʵ
ЩЩ̿֡¼ϲáĨ̺ǳЦЩĽϾ޵һϲˡ
Ҹ׼˺ܶױǱ¸¥ˣ¸Ůһǿ̫ӵ͸ҵıǣϣ̫ӵ󣬿ڱǵķϣ̺һЩ
̫ӵˣӭȢİ̹ߵգһеȺ̫ӵһɫġϲӣһ㱡ɴ̷⶯ɷеڶɡ˭ҲûҲеĶɫȻ۾ȴһ˿ݡ

ʮ ѡ

ص¸ҹڴϣŰ쿴̫ӵ緢뵽ع󿴵̡̾һ¹⴩ҴߣЩ䡭ҵ˯ȫޡ
ұ٣ʩչṦȥ÷֣÷ﾲģİҹû˻ƬƬ÷÷Ե᲻ϲ÷ֻֻ÷鰡ҺȻԵͶ÷Ե̾ʼ١֪˶ãҿеӰȻֹ
Ȼˣ
һˣĿǡ˲˭ֻͷһȡȴ˵ôˣ߻үڹﰡ
ֱֱĶң˳ȵ˼Щ˻ƣҿ̫ӵȢϲˣͻȻд֪ôģҾ͵÷ˡ
ֻ£̫ӵڣĵ˵
̫ӵΪʲôҪڣ ץסҵĻ
Щ˺ܾãʵЩ־ģ̫ӵҡʱ˵仰СġǽˣĺӣҰҺ͵̫ӵȫ
üͷĸˣ㴳ˣ㻹˽̫ӵˣƲԵ̫ӣҲƲڵһ֣飬һưոݵġ
ǣô찡Ŀ
ҵɫЩףҵļ򣬡µҲֻܾˡʲô飬Ӧ̫ӵ
뵽󱣻ңİ˲١
ٸҵһɣܾûˣľ÷ֵʯˣЩƣ
ҵʦģ˿ĵãҲкܴҩáʦʱ޸99ΣҲʦһӡǰھеʱһ᳣˵ֻӦУ֮ˡʹƣ룬֮ľ񶼻ܺáϧҽ֮Ҳûеˡ
ƵĴҵָкʵݣƼį÷֣ϵ£İУֻص˺ܾǰ
Ӫĸи̶̶ɽУһ˸޷룬ҺṦ֣ͳĻĺõط̶ˮʱҾԱ߸ᡣһ̶ˮʱȵáӱסңҵķ˿ң
ħһ㣬Լ÷ӰζʱҲŷѾЩˣҾһҹ١Ǻܾûˣǵ̫Ͷ룬ŷָʹͷһָƤˡ
˲۵Ŀ⣬ٴҴȥ÷ֵʱ򣬾ײŮСƻͷƤе㷢飬Ѿ߿Ǹóеĵ񰡡
ϹĶ˸񣬡ֱͦ˱ĻңЩգҹ̫Сˣôȣʧء
һ٣ַʲôƵģ԰ﲻǴӲ÷ֵ𣿡˵Щ⣬ֿȥˡ
ЩŭôҲǸӣһѾ߾ô˵ǹơ˵Сƻ㵨ԽԽˣӶˣôȥҲҪͨ𣿡˵꣬Խߵر¸·ϡ
ս޹ҶܽС㣬ҹôһҹûأҲҺ÷ִһҹ˵Ҳ˵塣ûʲô°ɣҰٷں
ʺС˰ҹ͹ʺһš
ţʺǺ֮ףżҲɣҲ
Լ͹ʺѾţǰ񡣻ʺһңûˣ۽һļҳ
ˣЩϵļҳˡãþû˰ɣЩҽгŽϵʳġ
⣬ʮָжЩ꣬ûˡʺⷬȷЩжɽܻеġ
̫ԱҪүѡ֪ģүôöȢޣһֱ̫һĲ˵үҲǱıܣΪѡһλ²ż汸ҲΡ
￩һ£֪һܻģȴĸоЩ꣬һֱûȢޣ檶ûһͣͽˣŮȺˣ̫żҲ֮СΪһôЩ꣬Ҹ÷ˡΪʲôҵһֱ³³ڶȴס
СңЩʺԸš
Сһ񣬡źһȥ СҰѻ̯ϡ
ź󣬻ʺһЩ뵽֮ҲһŮӽΪҵһǧһԸ⿴
ЩǸͳһЩĻүӢر˲ͽᰡйҪᣬʱõŮҲ빬ܺúʺһŵķţЩ绨졣
㿴ΣϵŮ޷бǶӣȷʵɫ㣬˵
ǾѡˣλĳŮʺĻһߣѡʷ˵ıò̻ݡĴŮ̵ȼλŮǷһţʺֻһֱۣӾҪˣ㣬űûˣѻַ˻еŮӲ
֪˭һûϸʺְѻÿˣ˭ɻ
գ˵ѡ𣿡
ҰŻùʺΪŻ񲻸̫󣬻ϿǾĿ޷Ǿ߸ˣʹڰ⻭ߣǻְ취սġԱĻԲѡһҪѡ
ҵһ˵ǹȻ˻ʺ°ѻõѡеĻһ𡣡˵ļǣҲĵ
˼գʺȻЩѡеĻϵŮӶ빬÷͹ҵʱһѾ÷ˡվһòŮӣͻϺţƾˣмĳŮʷ˵ıò̻ݡĴŮ̵ҲͻϿԶϺţóһĴ硣⻹мİףҾûʲôӡˡ
̫ͼλھ˻żҳŻʺûٳϯֳϡ˼ɣЩŮӶףΨһֱߣձȱ˵ĻͶ˺ܶࡣ
ɵǣλþȻҶ棬ʱһۣ̫죬ҿıЩȻỹүү⡢үӯүү⣬2λүԴ˼Ҿ졣
˶̫֮󳯻ʺʹ˸ɫʺЦǺǵ˵磬̫뼸ˡ
ʺ̫̫⼸ݵո˼ҿ
á
һݵĳŮ֮󣬱ݵҲЩر轣ӰȫΣֲˣǽΪ֮үкãǵһ󲻿졣
ıݾЩƽˣȻò绨ɱݵĶЩʲôģеȻζҿû̧ͷ
ܴѹݣձݵľǳ裬豾ƽΪȴЩ꣬Ѱҽ٣ټͳ뻯ټյĸȷܺãԶд͸
ʼ࣬һֱ׷һϣֹơ
ӣ԰λ
󣬳ķ˿գүľƱˣүϾơЩŮ飬ȥⲻö֪
ո֮󣬾ҲߣһӵƣߵǰүҴʢӢۣСŮңԼүүһ
նžƣϵĺ쳱ԽԽŨ
лл⣬ һ
ӢˣܣĽͻȻЦ
ᣬ̫ͻʺΪ׼ѡ磬ȴôͷҿʺЦԽԽǿˡ
ɢ̫е칬ȥˣ½ɢȥĿܺã̰ĺţĴߡ֪Уߵ칬ſڣôߵˣ׼߻ȥ뵽˿̾棬ֻͷһۡ
2Ѿ˳̫Ļݶ̶ûпңݶ˵̫˵Ҫʹǣ
̶˵Ե޹ʹΪʲô
ݶ˵ɵѾͷղүӦ˻£̫һĲ˵˵հ칬ѾߡǶ͡
̫ˣ̶һӱر𻶿졣
ǽԶˣһӾͷеΣķѵġԼ˵͸÷ˣôˬĴӦȴеҵϡЦˣЦҲˣԭѾ׼ˡ
һ·ײײĻص¸ҶҵӣһС㣬ôˣ
Ҷֱӽ޹˴ϣʹȫ

ʮ 

ڶգʺȥ֪ԭҹѡʵԼиˣʺ˵ţ˱ȫ
ҲûȫʤΪүͬʱѡ2ѡŮ
𣿡뵽Ǹ轣һĹһɵŮȷʵ
ǰŮȷҲͷˡʺѾЩƥˣǸռȣһ磬鷿Żϣ˵үȻѡõҲ̫ͣҪϸʲôġ
ϴӦˣ̽š
ӦڱҲˡү̫谮ĺӣԴʢ¹պսҲٲĻڻѡѸ£òʵ𣿡ʺѾˡ
ҪԼλãʺȻҵѣһҵĵˣҲЩŭʲôŮĲѡƫѡá뵽ӯӯһЦϿԷ⿤Ͳϸ𣿡
ʺϲ½ǴҪ׼һݺһλ˵һ̡
˼աʺȻãʺʢţǵֶ̫ŮãȻҲȥˡҲΪտ2ŮҲ൱
ϵʥּҲܿˣպΪִСͬΪѡûƵүͬӭȢ2Ů
Ҷ֪ĵһӦڱ¸ôС㣿
ұεĿЦүҪȢ޵ģ빬ѵһӰ
ǣôͬʱҪ2һǸãҪȥүʸҶ˵꣬׼ȥ񸮵ĹЩ죬ЩɹʱҲһȥҶҲֻᣬҴЩŪҩĻ
ȥҺôĶҶ˵Ѿſֻת˻
ȻˣСȴšС֣ȴıҡҰңֱ۾ȥˣܸıʲôǸѱΪˣҲʱб䣬Ҳ˶үȥүͶֹϵñ֪𣿵ͷֻẦԼүүҪģҵԼϲˣӦף˵ҵԽԽᣬ񽥽
С㣬ҶãġҶһ
ҶҲǸˣ֪ڿԱѾܺˣʵڲʲô乬һֱŰĶ־Ҷǵһοҡ
黹ЩӣʺΪ£һȥҺҲʶˣǸܺˬĹûټ轣ȴ֪ĹӦúܺã⣬кϼ룬Ӧǳ¡
ڻʺùźң乬пݵأȥҺݵġóǺϲģ˵һЩйĴ棬ЩҴģԭھеĵλ
˵ʱЩĺΡĽëģ۾峺Ҳ˵½ǣҺϲ㣬㲻Ǻ󹬵ͺˣҾͿʱˡֻһĶ˵ҲҺȻĹɫ㣬үһͻĶ ǸˬʵĹ
ϣЩųĵϲĹˮһ
ҲڹϿǸտƵĳ÷ʱһҲ˳һ̡ǣ2ﻹûţѾŸ˭óۡ

ʮ 

ҺĻ᱾Ͳ࣬ҿĶ͸ˡЩˣ㲻ƫƫҪ
գұ鷿ڹɸϰҲǳе飬ɶţ黭Ҳܡ
ڴһ󳼵ۣһЩ鼮кö鼮ûеġ߹˵үˣұ˵ϣǳ檸ˡ
޷ûرܣһԿɣ ߹סҡӱ󿴵ľһ棬ڵϣҵӡɫЩ΢䣬ܿĻָȻΪֻҵĴ
ô鷿Ϊ񱩶顣
ǴʢغȻϣǴʢ汲ʱͱ¹ռ졣ԴʢǳҪǴʢҪսԵԴʢغ𵽹Ǹ֧áʧȥʹʢĺó״ڰ״̬ˣʧȥȻϣʢԶˡΪǻ֮ҲԷ˴ССļʮսˡθӣʼ޷ΪҲͷʹ
õڻңǵĺʱ
üͷ΢壬ҲĲôӣأ ˵һžȷĵͼͺöˡ
ȷʵҪɲ֪Ϊʲôʢȥĵʦڷж˰׳աܾ÷ǳ֣ЩʦɳȥھеʦԽԽ٣õľ͸١ûһžȷĵͼѴ򡣡
˰ѵʦڴʢЩ˶ǵǼڲġǿǵɫԽԽأ֪ûҵʵġصİ鰸ϣص̾һʢ£ȻҲһʵˡ
֮ǰһֱڿ飬ûзһǴҲҵĴڡԵҷʱǲﻹһҡҴݵǰȥϣóȥ԰ɡ
ôУֵܾͬ˵
ǳɺͳҴʢֲûˣҪһȥաȿǻ
ǰȥðաҲš
ñȥ԰ɣҲǴʢӦΪʢǿһ֪Ϊʲôҵкӿһս顣
ٺú롣һҪȥ÷ܺȸ˰ɡ
һ˳鷿ʯС·ϣ֪ĻºǵһԣӲļ仰˹ϲүˡЦȴȿ޻Ҫѿ
𣿡 紵ĳֱۣȴŨŨįȢԼİˣȢ˭һġ ˵
ЩۣǸɷ
ʮ·ڣͨ¸·ͨ·УԽԽԶ

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Ҷ֮ǰ˽ϡ
ߵǰһҹܵΪ׼һʽμӵֻ3ˡ
ϯ䣬Щھε˵δһ㡣¸ЩѾߣҲֻһ·ա
һ㶼˽ң̰ˣɲشӦȥֻҪһǿȥġ
Ұһյһ˾Ƶ̺̺ģǧϣЦĻ֦չģվΪɡ
ЩܳЩ꣬ҴδΪһ裬һ١һֱΪҴӲóЩء
ȥЬӣڵ̺衣ŵһοŵңҾҵ£ҵڿзƮ䣬ٷƮ䡣ɴţһٳӣ˿
ҿϲ޵ȡ¶ҸսʱҲйġֻǲͣĺžơ
һҹδйķþֱ˯ȥʱ򣬻εıҡȴ˯üȡ̫飬ղŵƾƣѡôŲ¡
峿˵ĵһ仰ǣͻȻȥˣ˰ɣͷҵǰĥز
ԶŰ󻻽֮ɡϣˣ׼һ£ҲҪˡ
ҪȴϷ֣ĿŨĻİǶģĿ⣬ܶŮˡȴЩĪ㣬ֵʵ޼ɵδ빬ʱЩ
ɢҵѵ۶ԶԶ˦ں棬̻Ի͵ĵ۶ͷҲûأЦˣѪɳҲԸȥĵط
ҪȵһɳĺСǣȻٸõĴӵĸ3˶̫ദ࣬һһۡ䣬Ӳ˵һ仰˶ŨŨɱȴֹֻΪ˱Ƚƽ͡סջʱǼðǵˣԲͬһԷ桢㡢ͨһһӣҺͼڸ־ͺǵһ
ϣǽɽׯ½ĵ½ЩµӲ֪ҵʵݣҵļ򣬡½½е˳ڵĲˡҾͻ켣м䣬һ·ɳǽ
Ǵʢһĺ֮أҲǵɳǵıؾ֮·ʱƻ裬ҲЩʿ͸Էһľˣ˻ˣһֻȫͷɢ˼һһ
Ǹʵ̻֮أҼҿջģ̻ŮӡһҿȥԵʨջƹĺ飬ڰźø˵ķ֮⣬ੲݵ˵ĵʡŮλ͹ټȻһܴǼŲƣ֪Ǯ˼ңֲ˵⼸λѰŮһϣҲмƷ2ͷԲ¹ĹԲ¹£ղĹ֣˻ǡٻʹӵǿǴŮֻӦУ˼ǵüš
ˣӵȤȥ Ц˵ʲôط
ƹ˸ȤˣǶ͹ʱͿɵˡ
ţңһȥһֱװͿһƵϣƤȥЩںڵģҲǸ۵Сӡȥ;ΨһҺɫˡʹӦˡ
һȥûа취ˣҲֻšȴЩԸһˣֱȥ
ǰȥϾԸµıȽ֧ҵ½⣬лл֧֣

ʮ 

ĳǶſڹ2ԶԶȥһͨԺ䡣֣˵ĸүֵģһүΪ¥֣ʢˡ߽ȥЩЦŮӣһСݣС¡ׯ԰ܴ󣬶Щ̻Ůӵס
Ļʹ̫ˣʹĴڽѾøʢҲֻǲ۵Сܾãиģ˲ų֣˵𱣬ҲرѾͷǳƺΪ˵Ůˣмֹ˵ģóһǿԱ߻˻
3˱ǿ׳ϣֱӣǾ͵Բ¹Ĺ
¶ɫ֪2λĿ˺ܶ࣬ƽﶼҪԤԼõġ磬ΪұĹɣǾɫ
¶ʧ֮ɫ5ֻܷؿջׯ԰ſһֻͣһ۵µóŻ谵ҹɫҴһۣôӣӦÿԹĿܾϤ
ôڹ꣬١ֻλӭ˳ˣԲºĹ2λ˹Ӻܾˡ
󸾣ﰵ룬ǰһǰ͹Ƶġ
صջͻȻˣλӲں̫ͤ𣿹ֲãҸղûΪ2һ޷ϵһ
뵽Ѿƣˣһ˯ȫޡȥڽһ·£½ȥΪ棬벻һɫ
λ˶ǵҹúܲ죬һڻؾҵҪ󡣡λذɣôˣλֻѾЪϢˡô˵ǲӦҼ2λֻεٴλȥҹ̽
ճиѾģ׷˳λӣҼ2λԸ2λӡ
˴˽һ񣬸СѾһ¸СѾ˵Բ¹ס
뷿䣬ֻ2ıӰһŰ£һ£ǸӰǧˡ
ǵĽŲ2λͬʱתʢŮҼŮҲ𺳺;棬2ֲ֪ͬ2쾡µֵôԡ
¹֣һϮеͣԼЩ¶زѩ촽üĿ価Ƿ顣ԸеŮӣ
Ůӿ˶ҪѪҺڣοӡ
¹糿ǣɣԼأ֣پµ̳ģ硣Щģ룬ֻӦеŮڴʢʹҪȻǧɫˡڽѵλԺˣҲˣǿı飬Ҿ֪Ѿסˡ
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ʵӣ ĹĻλӾʹ˳֮ǰѾ2λӣǱȽϻ谵ʱڵƻͨ㿴λӣȻһλٷ湫ӣ֪˻ΪǸأȴѾʶ˵书ˡ
΢΢һЦ룬ϲύѣԽĽѾã֪Ӷ2λĽĳ2λæдһ¡
ԭ룬֮ǰһϳңǶȫӡ
λԲ¹ע£Щ겻ˡĴˣֻˣҲһܰѳֵס
٩٩̸飬֪һ濴ô򵥡

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Ϊӣ2졣Ƕ·ȻһˣλԲ¹ҪԲһȥȻ⵽˽˵ǿҷԡȻȽϺ汾һç򣬵ʹСûŮ˰ģȥǰ£Ϊȥɽˮ
ǵԲ³վڴǰʱ򣬴ҲĬԲµͬУϾôֵˡһ·ͬУλԲСģƺҲõ˴ҵϿɡǰŮʿ̽ҲɵĽȻԲ¥ȴܺԼϲһЩпȴܾﲻԾ
Բºܹɣ̸µʱߵԶԶġ̸ºС˵ǰɫŮ࣬ɫŮƢ죬ľɫŮмƷ
һ·ĳͶ٣ƣͲ˵ҾѾˣʱееĴԡͰˡԲ»ãʱɽϵĺﻹϴϴšҾͿˣЩ֪Ůģ
ɽУ˯֮ʣ˳ѾˣɽиϼΧû˼ңˮɽ峺
ʾУȫ¹źУƮںϣ˾ʤԼƯںϣĺС
иǺˡ
ˣŵҸϽˮУֻ¶һͷšվһˣɽûˣӦþġ
˭εߣ¹⣬ҿܿʣеİȴǲݺӵġ
ҵĻֻЩζĿҡĿҾûĲȻתȥҴҴ·ñӣ׼뿪
һסҵȥ·ҵñժͷ˿к¡źÿǣ˷ˡ
㣿ñӡ
㣬ǲңҵĲ®ڸȤȥ𣿡
®ɽУ߽һҩζӭз˺ܶҩģǸⷽĸ֡ۼ⣬һ۾Ϳһζжϳݣʦҽмأо綾ɱΣ޽⡣
ɽôһ®ôжϳݣ𣬵еĲǶϳ
ϵĺܶҽҩ鼮ԭǸɽֵҽʥ֡Ҳһֱҵ룬뵽ɵĶ˼ֺøС
һ̧ͷЦӣɽֲ̫ЭһζҩҽأĿƽľʦһҽϼأõĶˣжԼңͷΣ˻ʧ䡣
Ҫ򣬻һɻĿҡ
᲻ܶãжԼҡ
ıЩ죬ʲôͻȻһѱңеˣˡ
ţ룬ʲôѽвҼŭ
ҷȴ˵ӡ
صסŸɽǸˣҷ磬®Щҩ飬ӦҲǸ˰ɡ˯ȥڶ˻ġ·һǶѾװˡҳе½͵һˣ˯ôȥɽ˽ʲôŮˡ
˵Цˣһ࣬æҴ˸Բ
һ·˼

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ڨڨջһǣ˳ǡһ·ϣܶ˶ͷǣǿԲ¹ԲǾΪ˵ģʹʵҲͦɫģܾã֮жξ롣
סǼջҿջʵǳ͢ģ೯͢ߡ÷ʱ϶˺ܶС㣬Щϵĵġƹ˭ģ˵һҳԵġ˭ЩСΪҵģɳǲѡƹʲôƹ˵λûֻ֣һ仰þ÷Ǹˡ
þ÷Ǹˣһɳǡҵһůϰߵܿջ˺ܶ࣬ûҪҵˡЩʧջ
Բºȥҹɳˣ⼸ҲԻطˡתһȦ֮ҲֻĻطսţȻһˣֻۣǱӰʹǱӰҲ֪˭Ȼˡ
תһ۸оˡ
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ȥźŵȴһץסҵ֣ôһѰĻĻůһһܴãҵһεεĽϡ
ޡҡ
ҿ޵ĸˣ⹬⣬˵ȻͷɣʲôүҲʲôǡ
ҵֲȥҵ顣˵ٸҵʱ䣬
һ־ңǰ;δ֪ϾҪӭȢ2λˡֻһǣҺ޽
ĿԣͻȻͷסңǾһ𣬺ݺݵķйŶ˼ƲסķʾҵһΣ޴ƵԡǱҵȫҴûмģһֱ侲ǵġ
ҵļ૵˵̰ĿҡĿʲôˡһ̣ҪȥҲ޺
ҵ쳹䣬ԼϲһǸĸоûһôĺͷɡģҪһꡣһһΣֱǶ
§ң°Ħҵ˿һ£ò˶ãǾͿԹһ
̾һҽһ쿪ʼҺûйˣֻܶڱĬĬֻܰοԼԼҪˣҹӵõһҹ뵽ҽıס
оͷеȵģڿޣҵʹ޵еս񰡡ٵ⽣Ӱһûᡣ˵ǽӣ޼۵ıʯ
İȥᣬҵľĽġ
峿ߵʱ򣬻ԶԶĿӰڴߣô޳įӰ
һӱô࣬ղصҲˣЩϲллЩ֧ҵѣллһŬ

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ȥĴϣ黹Щ㱣鰡ߵߡ
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ȵģڰеҸġ
ºҴԲ»ɽ
ЦЦ˭֪һƽңɩɩʲôÿ¶
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˺ܴ󣬴ЩҡΣŸһڣûкټƺ嵭˺ܶ
ǰˣǲŵ½ֻܱߵĺĿţҺù۲ܱߺĵΡ滷϶ɽԶԶȥʤա뵽ĵ죬һ죬ᱻʢ̤ƽЩϧ;ġ
ɫͻȻƮ˿⺣꿪ǺΣգ½¹ĹٱţÿϰʱҪϸʺͼ飬֮ǰ˹Ǻ˳ľ˰
ǽ֣˵Ǹһˣȥ˹ȻĿɽ˺쳣һ¥ס£ҵ⣬һ粻˵ע⡣ʱ򣬺һ°䲻ȵ˵һ䣬ֻ½ǹ˽˰ɡҲѹϴҺȥѸ˼ӡǵҾ;Ǹɫ
絽ݺ裬ϣҹ룬Щ䡣ԵģҲϼǸӶ࣬ЩﶼϲĲˡ
ԲŮװʹװȻǵģЩϲĲˣһȥķ䡣
ȻǴеĿģԲǾԲ֪ģֻ⡣ʹұ֣ǾͰ⼸ڸֹһŮװͲױ֣һҪ֤ҵİȫ
ҽ˹һĹ֮һֻǸһĹҲķӣЩĲɡ
һѾͷ˵λ蹫ӵҪʾͬ蹫ӽλ蹫ӵĻˣɣһߡ
ӵİ£Һɿʼ˵̸ĻʹǸ֣ΪӵңҲ޷˵ʲôؾһС죬¹ˣ˵ȹ
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㣿ɺܲ졣
ģ轫½ѾˡЩţҲѹ֣ҴСֹĿı졣
ֻ轫ƾŲͼǲУ
ҲףǾкİ˽룬ЩʢҲ˺ܶ̽ӣץĺܲҰ뵽Щ˵Ĳ״Եúء
и𣿡ͻȻһ䡣
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Ǿļˣʡ
˵еŴȥˣҪ֣ͬ磬½Ͽжҽ֮ˡ
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е㾪죬ǣ½֣ҪھԵĺգ֪ǰЩֵļϸôǵⱻһĸֱűҵȥһץһŮļϸ·ӪתǸӪأûˣҾ御
ҲɵĴһսʢǺŴ²ģ벻¹ľôѪȡ
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ửͼֻһʹȥˣ轫Ϊ𣿡һ˵һ߰ɵıĲ赹Ҳȥʹȥˣֺ³һǶҲиĸСģš
ЩҵļᶨǲɵġЩ˵ôЩҾ徵֮ҾȻִҪȥ
ͻȻֹͣˣһֺܾҡߺȰң½ӻǲҪȥ˰ɣ½ӻϢˣ
˵ЩҾЩ֣ҿе֡
ܿ̽ƽĿ˿ڡʵ֪½ǸŮӡ
еĲȫ㵹ˡ
һ仰Ҹ죬֪½İˡ
Ҿһ˵ҺĹϵҲû֪ˣĵˮ©һ¥Ůô֪ôࡣ
£ԸΪκ£½ӳ£һʹϣȰ½ӡ˵ʱ۾ɡŮӣΪ˶٣ԸԸߣԼİΣ˸񲻹ˡܿ϶һ㶼١
ЩݣңҸ嵨Ůӡ
ллĺ⣬½ȻҾ׼ˡҺɵ˵ЩȻ֣Ҿȥˣʲô⣬Ժչ¡Ȼû˵ĹϵҴҺĹϵӦһεˡ
½Ӳµģ˵ԼݣԸΪѪ½һҪԼ½˭Ҳġ
һһ˵Ķҵİ⡣ҲЩգλҲĺ֪ˣȻòˣȴΪô£ңЩ꣬ȴֻĸ

ڶʮ ÷

ȥ˾У֪бĻҪɭϡؾľٽࡣǸᡢɭļһ˵öϸͷµġȥŴǱ뾭׿ϡżԶľ룬Ҷܸоɭ䡣
½һ
ǡҹĻش
ĵɣֱֱҡ
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ȥɣȻӪҳһ̧ͷգӳ˵ҲöˡŴǸܺ˵ˣһܺͰĳߡΪûսҲǺæھеݣ˽Σṩ˺ܶ෽㣬ҳŸʿҩʿģȡһЩеϢ
ݻһôԾӪɹҩģҾͿԽȥ紫ϢˡͼʹˣҲͳȥûѾˡ뵽һѵİ취÷ͼ÷֦ڷ࣬͸죬ѵ÷ʽһῴĶҪǣ¹һ벻˻İ취ʹǿͼҲΪǷ羰ѡ
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գֽȥͻһ䣬;ЩԾЩİˣ߽ŵŨŨľζüͷһ壬ֵĻͳ˿ڣҲ֪ߺΣգʱվڷ˼ˣôܺôƣʲô£ֻһ˵Ķ
ҵ֣ڵžƣǰһıصķϣϵһˮֱùȥˮģЩˡһ̧ͷ۾ǳį
үʢ顣߽㡣
ˮл䣬ڵϣѳƬһѵҵġ
ԼݣɽܣһΣ ſҵļϡ
˵ʲôѾˣ˼ɵңԶʢҷ·𿴵§2绨붴⣬ǻƻˣѪһȾգϵ˿ڣѪҸоۡۡ
§ڷŰ˺2Ůӣͬݣͬգͬ˼ͬİˡ
֪˶ãѾĵ֦ͷ룬룬ҹʢҲôԲңԶʢǷҵ˼
İȥᣬǻҪǿǲΪʢҲΪүšչЦա
ᶨĵ˵ͷֻ½ôŮӲֵүϲ
ĻԺҪ˵ˡȻ

ڶʮһ 

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ŴȰĸףȥЩ̵ֵܣϣ㡣轫ֹŴˣмֱ档
轫кϵʹԶԶϡ30ȥҾһҲûԡʵ֪ĲᣬΪѪ͸ҵĿӣѾˡ
2ʿҼܻסʱѾܶˡŴΪ׼˲ҩȰԺ׼Լҩɾ˺üΣǿҩȫǱĺ顣
˯ţʶȴǺѣԵ˸վҴߵʱҾ;Ľ˭
Уңסҵ졣
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Сɫǣƺܲ⣬ǳǰңǱң֪̫࣬Ͼǽʿ
ҹǰֻΪ˷Ұɣ
ôǲ˰ɣ ӻһƿҩۣ׼ҩ
ˣҷ˸ź㡣ԴҽӪ֮󣬽ҲɢطҡտǹȻЩ£ô̵ʱǾȻôõϢ㻹֪ĳҵĴϡ
Ҳǿתȥǿ׼ҩ书ǿʹҲˣҲ֡ۿҪҵĿӰҩ
Ҫ㣬Ůܲװס֣
ʲôһӽסˣԭŮӣ˵ֲã
Ҷţ뺬ӰŴҡ
㵱ǳ฾ 㶢ңЩ̽ҲЩšŮӣҵЩˡ
ĺҲģһֱȻһ·ʢɳǣһֱĮģ˵Ļһûнҹ˵Ķࡣ
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˽Ҳңû𣿿֪ҵʵݺ󣬾Ͳôˣһսﰲȫ
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˵ЩӣÿпңҴЩóԵĶӰȥٵģӪ֮ᵽȵı졣˽ҲֻǸƽŮӣҲҪǻİĹȡҹҺܶůҸͶԺս

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շתӪأھнСҶ֪½ҽΪҲܺŴ򳣳Ц˵Ϳϻˡ
һΣѾ˼£ھӪ½ѵϵĵλ÷ͼشʢҺҲ飬ʵҲһս顣ҷһŮˣʹûгڵòûа飬ҲһԳһ˵СΪ˵ǾϹᣬѡ
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ԲŽһıƽңҪ𣿡Ҳʡ
ɱ㣡Ľѵסҵؿˡ
վףȻˣôϧҵһŮţҼƤˡ
ҵĻǸײϵˣϹһӣΪ˻ֵĴҵֻҵİ飬ǿȴ˶ǻ谮ӣǻҪֻܴɷ糾ŮӡҵĻǵĸܣΪĴҵҪҵİ飬ҪϡԲ˵˵Լ
ҺѾˣǻͻȻ˵ҪΪ˵ֻò˫ȫŮӲĻʺйܶŮˣҲŮˣ˵Ů˲ͬͬЩλһֱԭиġż㼸ΡǷˡ ѾؿڣѪѪȴԲ¸ӷ
ҪΪθɣ㲻𣿡ЩҿɲŮ˵¡
ǸԲӵġҵķ𣿡
ЩΪѹΪŮ˱˴ʢʵֵۣܣͷŮ˸һȴǼٵġ
ԲµЦԵֲͣԺｻ棬Բ¡£ԭ¹¡
ţҺ֮ǰȫ׷ˡµĽѪؿҵ±ߣѪĽУҿýݺݴңҲдʶоݺݵһŰ߽󺣣֮ҾʲôҲ֪ˡ

ڶʮ ҷ

ۣŸоʹ֫Ҫ˺һԭһšüĿԾС㣬ˡ
˯˺ܾ𣿡ҷԼ˵ĺأ˵ܼѡ
ǰС㣬ӰȻѾˡ
ԭһôãôལ˵ˣҷ뺣еһɲǣͲŻȥϣˡ
С㣬˾ͺãūȥС̫࣬ˡСѾֺǺǵܳȥˡ
۲һܣĲöͦģոԼСѾ˵ӣɻﰡ
СѾĹ֪Сԭҹҵҹӣסĵطӵĸۡҹǿ׳ǿʢ¹ͬˡҿЦһ£Ǹճڣѡ
Ѻĵ죬˴СȥλӣǲҵĵˣңӦõлл
ߵ鷿ſڣС˵С㣬ȥɣ档
ƿţиϷ飬ûз˽
ӣллңϱмҵ̧ͷ
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ּˣҷЩζЦա
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ҲԵ֣ﲻعϡҷЦ崺磬˾ú
ҷҷ鷿кܶҽ飬ЩҴûпġҷҲǸҽѧţȻܺʦȣҲòϣĳЩѾҵʦˡ
ҷ磬ҹʵ۵ĵӣҹʺʺ벻ܾ谮ҹĻʺȴǸ⡣˵ʺ岻ãܳΪκûʺĲҹʵͣ˭κûʺĲԸҹ2ǳأҷΪʺйĵλ졣ȻҲǸӣȴº綬ůģҷ˽ģദʵںɡҷ˺ܶҩҵ壬ҵһıãЩ˵İ̺۸ܹˣ޴󰭡
ҷĸۡǸϲˣеҲǺܶ࣬ĻĺϲԶսԶ빴ĶǣеֻºͺƵᣬ󣬿飬Լϲ飬ǲеҷǳ⣬ڶ֪һử÷ˡ֪ΪʲôһҴδйɺڣûа顣
ҷҵĹȥ˵޹أҪǽһ֪ǰֲˣҷȡһ֣̣ǰ̡ٻȥˣǸûһֵĵطиն֪Ҳˡи˼ˣȴҲزȥˡ
ݣֻҷ縮ϵһѾߣǴûһѾ߱ҸˣܵǹĴǰҽҷӵ£˺Ҿֱ֡ദľһ

ڶʮ ҹʺ

ҷӻʹҸẒ̇һһɽˮͼɣĸϲˣ⼸գĲˡ
տʼҷ̺ܲϰߣǽģҲ֡ϱǺңԶļˣ֪֪ҵѶԼ˵ôڵ̣ʹǰټңҲֻһϱŮӰˡοҶңԶҹû˻֪
˵ʲôʲôˣҵȵġ˵ʱҷǻĸң̣ϣһ˵Ǿȹ㣬ҲϣΪһ룬ǿɵദ
ҸʺһˮĻҡҷˮ˼ңˮСƮˮϣﻮŽˮ滮һȦһȦĲƣﷱǧҹܰůļ䡣
ҷ翴ĿңĹ磿
šҵ˵ͷ
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ҲȥʹһҲ룬ֻҷĸϣڵˡ겻ҷ磬а취˳
ҷ˻ʹΪʺԵʣȻԼĹǻʺ󾭳סڹеСԴС룬Ϫ£дľ˼ɾһƬյأѾ˲úˣʺ͡
ԶԶģͿ˻ʺһϮһ޶ݣȴģʺŷȴƾ񡣼ʹĻ궼Ҵˣ··¹ʲôȻ绪κŮվ߶ʧɫġ
վڻʺߵλžƽʺִֵͯˣںҲӦǵλԺյˣ۽ȴЩϸˡŮˣʵµá
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ҲȤǶҷĸЩ棬ҲŲ룬˻ҪۣԱߵҷ絹ȻԵã£費
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ڶʮ ҽ

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ڶʮ 

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ǵģҪȥ£10죬¾ͻˡ
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ҹˣҵķᱻŮ˽ҹŮΪõʹûõһۣҹȴ˵ĸ󣬰ס̡ʺҵļĿȰ
ˣɫ磬ôȥе¿ҷ磬ڽй䵽ŻصĻӸСӭ˵С㰡ôôŻӵ÷˺ܾáԼҲûԣһ鷿Ⱦء
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ϵķ䣬ʹҴͦ͵͵ǣǣһƥͷٿһۻӸҵڶĵطԼʧҹĻ

ڶʮ ҹ̽

ҹ뿪ҹ֮󣬸˺ܾõ·ҸطɳǣĴͶڻҰй۲ǡҵĲ²⣬ҷ粻þͻҲǻҪҵİ
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۵ĻȥЪϢɣŽоһ¡Ϊ̵໹Ϊÿ˯ĺ٣ȥ㲣ﲼѪ˿ҵһӾĽġ
үŽҹȥ߳ʣҸϽ
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ڶʮ ּ̫ӵ

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Ұԭԭĸ̫ӵȥҷһΡˣ̫ӵ۾Ŵģ˵Ǵʢʹ½ǣ
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ҿŸ㣬ܸɣһ㶼ģԶ֡
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ҶŸ㣬Ĵʣ̫ӵ£үϢһ°ɣҺ˺óԵġ
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ʿϹ۾̨˵ȫֻѾȫصɳǣ¶˾ΥЦݣʵЦܺÿǴΪҲٿЦ
¹̨ʱͻȻְ˸紵ҵͷСһֱΪ鶫ߣҲܿˡ
ЦˣһҲࡣ
ǵǰ棬û֪ɴһЩʵЩʣҶûз¹

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ص̫ӵĴʣ˯һʱ򣬾ǵڶİˣ̫ӵڵˣ¶ϲɫ֪ϱҹǴ¹Ū˶ټ𣿡
̣Щŭ̫ӵԴ֪ҵʱദʱϽϱҲô˵
ãạ̣̃ʿ10֧Ӫﶼˣ̫ӵǸ㡣ͻȻͷ˹ҵܸܵ
վԼ뿪Զһ㣬̫ӵɲҷºͣǸŰΣյ
Ķ̫ӵЩסˣҲûоܾŮ˰ɡ̫Ӹ檣洫Ǹܷˣûм޹ȥʱͺܵĵĶ˵ôʵ̫Ӹ
̫ܿӵͻָȻŮӣôĶ֣
ˣҴδĶ֡ԵȻ󹬵˶ϲЦˡ
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ҵǵһ˵ԭôһְƽˮ˵ȻĮԵ󹬺ܶ˶Ŀã֮ǰΪǸͲϲԵʣԭİ֮
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Ӳҵĵġ̫ӵЦա
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ʮ ûĶ

ϳ̫ҲûʲôĴߣߵǫüͷŽôˣæʡ
ǫң⼸ӪЩʿϿʼãȫҲòеĴҲ޷ԭ򡣱Ϊô˿ڶģΪտʼֻһЩ˵ʿ󣬿Щʿ߽ӴȽ϶ʿҲˡ
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Щ˶ʿЩǣΨһҪķʽǣжģ֣жģţжģֻܡ
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ġն˵Ѿ뵽˰취ҵѪҵѪӦÿԾĻңҵʦҳԹϾ޽еһЩҩǰٶֵġ
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ʮ ¡СϪҷ

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Ұ˼һ˵ͺˣͨеĿܡ
ҾúЩܣҪͨУں˳谮
ɳ֮ǰڹﰲ˺ܶˣб䣬ЩͻȻںͱʧȥϵĸߵļˡб䡣ĸΣգ͡ҹǿպصĻƺҹЩġ
վ̻ؾȥߺᵽס𣿡ƺЩС
һҲ̫˰ɡ
⣿Щɡ
ҲܺĵĸоˡĶңȵҪȼա
̫ӵ֪ҵݣϣһ̫ӵ檣ҹȻȥ̫ӵɱҡ
סһˣ硣
ΣҲΨЦЦסңι˼
ڶգȻ̻ؾˣɫЩսǰ׼׳־һҪһؾмˣȴһϢҲûдҪ̣ҲûжֿٵؾĿģ˺ܾãع
֪ն˵Ҳٻȥˡ
Ŀǰ㻹ѡ𣿡Ŀǰս³ԽѾ˿ˡ
ȥ׳Ѱ̾һֻ뱣İŮˡ
֪Ϊѣ֪ĽҲ֪ǶȻͬٻǸǸǵ䡣ҲֻܵˣΪʢ쳣׼ǰ
ҪˣԺܶԲ𣬿Ҫͣ12ˣһֱע˵һǸԺһӱллһֱ֧֡

ʮ ϱԺ

ٽʱ򣬴ŵϵر˯УǸͲ뵽ʢľӻķһû׼ľӣȻɾġսôûսôܲѪصʬʱû˿ϲãҲھ˵ĺҪǶСŮ˵ҸϧѪȺͱȻ
ոն˵Ų¹ʱܾϢػʹûκηӦܶأǶ˵Ӧöôϲõ飬ĸ汲ʼΪĻع˶Ŭԣ֮󣬻ʹﾹȻûκηӦԵøӵĲˡ
ؾ֮󣬾ûκϢ齻ǫ֮󣬾ôϼؾҵİϣԵúΪѣ֪뿪Ǵһؾǣǵطʹ̫ˣұץعҲˡ
̫ӵȥƲԣ֪̫ӵĽ󣬾ȻҹȥƲԣҲŵıһڸǵӣĿǰ˵ƲǸȫĵطҴʢ֮ҾƲ㡣͸żᶨļᶨޱȵģ뵽Ǹž۵Ļ档Цˣޱ貵Цůҹա
ܶݵƲԣǸĵĹңհҵĵƲԺ󣬻ЩҵҼл羰̷࣬һַǷľ̫ӵ޽˵ƲԱʢΡ
Ϊҵ⣬̫ӵûдҰĸۡڣ˵ҰһסЩӸȥ̫֮ӵʹȥҽҪסĵط˺ܾãûеҴУ̫ӵҰﰡЩദѾϤˣȥЩżȵһѵѡ
ģˣˡ̫ӵ˵䣬Ѿ̫ͣӵ³ŰҷһЩ㱣ˣϣƲ԰ǰһЩɻǰһƬԺ䣬⽨ǽϣ̨ͤ¥鿣Сˮſڻдļ֣ϱԺ
תɻĿ̫ӵйڸǵʧ䣬Ϊҵ̫׼ġ
ҵɻˡڱһʢʵҪȡΪ޵ʱҾͿʼ׼⽭ϱԺΪһڸ˵ʱļڽϣΪ⽭ϱԺȥ3νϡ̫ӵƮĺԶһõطҲֻĵطŮӡ
̫ӵͻȻңĿңϧǸ֣վǴȢˡ̫ӵЩĻҡ
ſҵľȣ̫ӵͻȻˣҲѱˡ̫ӵߵǰš
ſˣǸѾģŮӣ̬ЩĮ˭ڿԵ̫ӵ֮ɫһӱʮǧ̫̫ӵ£Ȼū澼̫ӵ¡
̫ӵңԽȴιһԺ
ĽԺӣŷ֣Զ濴Ҫºܶ࣬һСϣˮʯӳ̨ͤ鿵໥ӳģ ͤµˮĿˮ׵ˮ壬ʻƯ䴩԰еļɽͳӣɽǰһʯȻ˼ʫˮɽüԶС󴰡粻⽭꣬ЦѰͳ
أ룬̫ӵﻨ˶˼Խʮ˽ˣܽһĽϡЩжԱߵ̫ӵЦĿҡϦǿݵϣ⾫µĽСԺԵøܰ
̫ӵҰŵסҰźһУͻعȥˡ
ŷһУǽϵһЩ裬·ֻص˽ϣۿЩʪ̫ӵҰŵ2ѾߣһʯһģĹ˼ǣǶԽϡ
̫ӵҵӴǾЩ֣̿µҵĺƻǴ˽ģʯʣദ̸Ҳ֪һЩšƲԹܶ˶֪̫ӵһŮӣϱԺΪİŮ졣ұΪԺ˾ڵ̫ʢ̹ǣ̫ӵȢλ󣬶λȽ䵭
ž̵ýˣ̫ӵûΪҵƭΪ̡
ʯЦӯӯĶ˵̫ӵ³ԼûڱԺգʯʶˣֻ̹ĽŮӲıԺ
˵ҰҲҺ̫ӵĹϵ
ҰԺ̫֮ӵնûҲֵУֻûϢЩļĿǰҲûбİ취ֻеˡ
ûסСԺˣĻУʯĥīڻһɽˮͼǸƲĳ֣ⷽ츳տһۣұˣһҪ뿪ģ̫ӵһرɡ
ĳƻʯȥ濴ʲô飬ೳˣʯȴųȥԶĺͤЩˣǴﴫġ
ͤУʯȻڵϣҶģӰҲڣˣҲǱģȻûûݣҲ̫ӵĿˣοչҼաͤгЩˣװŮӣһ£һ£Ҳ㲻ף䣬2ҲŮˡ
ſʯҸе
Ů۾ɨһۣӵĻѿھͳˣ̫ӵŮˣλҲ죬ҽѵһЩصˡ
ԭ̫ӵλȻ֪ܳĳ̶ȣشԵŮˣܳ賤õģȴΪ̵ģɬԸôЩƻŮ˰ţǸѾѾҪˣ쿴ȥ֣Ƥڣһ֪Ǹ֮ˡһ£ðǲŹְϧȴңȻ书ߣԸСɫȴǴ´ࡣҿٵһΪ̫ԵʣһĲȣײͤӵΧϣɫļΪѿ磬ϣʲô
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̫ӵĽ2λ֣ʵȥȱС
ԭ2λµĽµĽʵ
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̫ӵ䡣ȻһҲҡֻÿ˿ڣԺʱһϣ徲µĵطҲѪȺɱ¾ɡ
ҵĻã̫ӵջ2λڸн3£ȱбѾˣ2λŻˣڼҶĲȥġ
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ʱķɿ죬һƲѾ˼£̫ӵԺһ壬飬˵Ǹ徲ĵط˾ú
ҳ룬ҶǸöá̫ӵҵĻ㱣һֱãʲôֻ֪ѡĬ
Ƿͼڻˣø̫ӵ򿪻ɫ粻Щͷԡ
㻭ģ
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⸱˳ӣ̫ӵŭˣЩϧ ЩȻˣǿˡߵߣѴƿĽһӿ˽һ
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ǣôôõĻᣬһ򾡡 ͥһ衣ָ̫ӵ㣭̫ӵѡʹʢˣ¹ĵˡ˵ָң½ϱȥ¹δĻʺ󡣡
Цţ̫Ϊ˰ɡ̫ӵҲЦˣͥ˵ʲôλ
˵˵λ̫ӵġ ͥͻȻһźˣЩֵĸ֡
ҰԺһ˫ʽôҺ̫ӵơ̫ӵԺͥƽ֣ôԸЩ֡һսһ

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ǲӲƴͥǸ̫Ѫȵļһ̸뵽뿪ڣͥȴûиҿڵĻᣬǼѾ̫ӵ󡣡ҾСʦı￴飬ˮ©˵û¿ȫˡΪ̫Ѿʧܾˡ
ͥ˳ֵĵطǳѪȺɱ¾Ŀͥе̫ŨˣͥѪ˾Ȼһ˿ˡˣһǿˣѪġ
ѾݲҶˣʹ̫ӵ֣Ҳһù󣬸ο̫ӵǹ¾սԾڣûֻһ֧Яѡ֧ʦҵķõģɱʤԽսԽ£һʱ䣬ǾҲ޿κΡ
Ǳ任ˣ̫ӵվǣվϽǣǳҴ̫ӵҵͷ
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ҿ˺ǽŲѾЩңȦͥҲЩܣ˫ֶס˶䡣Ҽӿ˴ƵʣԽԽ죬ѾŲסˣѪֱȦͥҲѾҡҡ׹ˡ
ͣˣұͥǰýɱʢȥһĵˡҵĵӱ˵ˣɱҵʦ֣һͳ̧ͷһˣ˾ҷ硣㣿Ҵסˡǰ2Σҷξˡδҷ˺ֻܶ࣬۵ף·лȼգһůƬθǰҷΪһҩҷͬһ飬ҵͻȻЩԼʹ
ҳɵʱ䣬ҷѾͥιһŵҩͥÿ˺ܶࡣɽһЩʱ䣬˺·̫ӵ򵥰һ¡
ͥŭʦܣô£ղȥ̫ӵǵĻ͸ˡǴʢ֣Ҳǵĵˡȥɱ̫ӵ
ԭҷ硢ͥʦһţֲҷ֮ǰôǣԭǾôԨԴ
ҿҷɱ̫ӵȻԺͲҪʦ֡
ʦ֣̫ӵϱһȥɱ̫ӵһƴ̫ӵҲ˺ңİˡĸ֣ҷ˵ĺᡣ
ͥ鸴ӵĿҷ磬ԭǵƷζôơ
߰ɣʦ֣ɽҷͥ
ˣͥ˦ҷ磬ֱɽ¶ȥ
ҷ㣬ת׼׷ȥӣҽסҷ磬ҷתֱңһۣЩİټ棬֪˵Щʲôá
ӣȻ絽ϱԺȥҷ硣ҷң޷ܣľȥ˽ϱԺ

ʮһ 

ϱԺĺͤԶԶȥµͤӣͤˣһ£һ£ҷҡ̫ӵ˵ǹټһ໰˵ͻظˡ
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ҷƱһЦ˱±ӣҷ绷ܣܾµ԰ӣ̫ӵϻ˲˼㾹ûиߣȻҺ̫ӵĹϵˡ
ֻСסǻشҷˡʺĲ𣿡
ˣҲ˸ĸҩǸˣ
˭Һ˭Ů֡

ҼеɻĿҷ硣
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ҷֵĿңҵķӦڼˣǵģһǸҾ̲סķС
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ҶѪȵ˺Ȥͥһ˿øҲûУһΪԼҵԼúҲҪˣ޷ء
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ԶʯһٸˣȥƲˣٷʯϡ
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ᣬҵǻᣬʦֻΪΪոҷҴɱ̫أȻҷбҲܵˣ⻨ˡ
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ҺЦͷҷͻȻ񷣬кᣬʦˣ
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ҷ翴ңͻȻסҵ֣ҷһ֮顣
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Щ˼붷׻ʦƽѧܴʦ֮ˡҪȻˣҷȹôΣʹʦڣҲͬҽġ
ΪĹϵҷڽϱԺʱס£̫ӵЩˡȻȹңԺרΪ㽨ģҲеס
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գѧʱ̫ӵˣɫӣϣ̫ӵǳŰģֱǰҪǿԱ̫о֮Ժ
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㸮ôչѾͷ㹻ˡС˵š˵֪ʲôġ
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ĵĿԭһʲô֪ˣһΪܺء
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һӿ˳ԭѾЩ꣬һֱңİģΣ޷£ǸֻкһҲžûŵ塣ͣͣûӣ޿
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Բ̫ӵ£ңֻĹͰˡллңϱشʢλȥҲǻϻʢŭ֮ɱңʹɱңϱҲˡҺ̫֮䣬Ŀˡ
̫ӵͻȻһӳ嵽ǰסңҲߣߡ̫ˣұú޷סҵ˫磬Ŀң㲻ϲԶסԺϲΣҲ㣬ϲȥϰĸĸɩ
İ̫ӵ֣ҵЦЦҲ֪ǲܵġ
Ҷҷ˵ѾѧĲˣҪ뿪ˣҷ̾˿㲻Ƕ֮Ҿ֪ǲҵġҲҪҹˡҹҷƮȻȥߵʱ˵㻹ǵҷѣҹҡ
ҵ۾ʪˣǷҷ࣬ӴһϢңΪңϧʦþѡĶ飬ϱֻٱˡ

ʮ ֱ

ʢǫʢСջ͵͵۲˼죬һڣͥ䣬ʲôҲû̽
Ҳٵˣ飬еȱȽǣҶǫ˵Žȥɽׯ̫Ҽ̽һȫµġ
½ǫ˵ǰ½ܳɼΪүҸЩ꣬үΪˣǫү֣Ҳܡֱ죬ǫòϣүҸӵйİĽĸﲻȹүҲΪʢ˺պսûйڴʢء
ŽҪ˵ˣĵֲҸȥɣҪˡ
̻Ի͵ĹվǻصˣһȦӣֻصԭ㣬ԭ㣬ôµԭ㣬ҸܽȴȻƮԶˣԭǸҸԵˡ
վڹ棬ٳˡС̫࿴ƣ˳Ľȥˡ˹ţȻ̫߹ţң񣬡
ûƺˣէһЩ̶Щпվֻˡ
߹󣬡ūŵüˣ鷿ء
֣֪ҽҪ߹ô֪Ҫ
鷿ſڣ߹ͣˣȥɣūš
ܾø߹ЩֵֹģҲˣ鷿ɣʲôûиı䣬ıҵģܣڷڣ׼뿪鷿ı߹ˣи½ǣûôҪˡֻܺ˳
ɭҴδģúİҿæ񣬡檲μϡ
һ̧ҵ°ͣݺݵģס۵ġӱģǧĺĶ¡ǵĻڻǻˣܾʰɡ
檣檲׻ϵ˼Щ־壬Ҳ̹ȻԵĻҪԵġ
ףûϵ͵һ·ſңһģڵϡ
ֻۿңЦˣЦ˵Ĺɭôƺأ÷ҽ߻õݣᣬȴ˾ÿֲ
ͻȻɲ⣬Ҳ룬ȻΪ빬飬жкޡΪʢΪ̫̫ˣһֱôŵһˣȻԸҿ֪Ƕôʹ
ôó檣еĲѿڶ
˵أ޵½ǻߵܵ½ǡ˦˦ͷȫǲġ
ʼգ㶼ƭޡЩֻһ˲䣬ֱŭ档
Ҳǵģûѡ㣬Һɾ¡㣬˸ӣ㣬ʲôʧҲûСȻűľģһȥˡ
ûй˼޵ĸܡʱŭʨһ˵޸ĻᣬֻҪԸ̹ףҶԲҪǣر޵ġóǰ
ЩȫҸ÷ͼһ˵ʲôµҾǿŤͷԸ⿴
һץסҵ°ͣǿҿôһ۶Ըˡ㲻ɱ㡣
檼Ȼˣͽ֮ˣҺݺݵĵ
Ͳɱļˡ㲻ҪָߵļˡѱˡĲҾܸо˿̵ŭ𡣿ʱ䣬ʱ̫ӵѾҵļ˶ӵƲˡ
ҲҲвˣ㹻ݣ½ǣүأ Щݺˡ
үΨһߡΪһҪϣ֪أһүȹϣǴʢеս񣬻Ϊһ˽ɱǴʢյʧҲǻϵʧǻ׵İܰҹ£ధ
ʢŭ֮£ýҵĻһƿңˣ½ǴΡ

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øηﴫ㣬ʲôʱܳȥҺʹôϤľդһڹصľȻãԩ·խʹ죬Ҳн졣
Խ㣬ܽ鰡
вԱУҲн죿쳤Ц
ŷָηҲˣߵľդߣη谵ĹߣҿôŴΪؽЩˣҲùˣɫƣͷݰȫйζǻа㵱չɫӰӡűˣֻǵӵĿҡ
㣿ĮڲסĵĲ졣㲻ڽϵ𣿡
ﶼûôҵＫ֮⡣
ȻģﻹһϣĹâѣȻԾ
ˣϣžͥǸ¹ͥԼúͰãˣɿ
˵ȢʺġΪ仰صķҡ
治ףʢȻûʺ󣬿ʵϱȻʺҪ⣬϶ǧΪʲôҪԼĹҡŮˣҺһȫӿҵͷ
ˣͻȻ˷Ƶģÿ˶Ϊ϶ҶǧǼٵģǼٵģ÷ҹҹĶĻס÷Ｘҹҡö֮һûϲңֻΪһŮ˵۹⡣ֻһӣҴֻһӡ
ҵ˼ҵ𾪲ͨУЦֱЦЩҺͺ󹬵Ůһóʧ衣뵽Ҵӱһ㲻ٴ
ˣŵ˳Էʱ䣬ȽǵηֻǸԵʲôⷹȵûôܳ԰
׶Ϊﰡֻŵһڿҵˡηɫȴһףɫ˵ˡ
עǸʳУ򿪰ѷͲһ˳µСˡɻʣˣ
ﲻ֣ǻʺյģʺԸ˵Ǵ֮ǵȻˣϾͻȥԸСǲãСһյӡ˵꣬˳ȥ
ܵŴʼδģ֪ʺ󣬺«ʲôҩʲôҲˣⷹ˵ƮηĶˣڴڵĳ
ηִ㣬㰡
Сס͡
㣬ܲˣϲɱǣĥǣܲˡʹ;ʱĥһˣԶһɱҪʹĶࡣһҪĥȥ־
¸ɵ̫ˣǱӦˡ侮ʯŮ˲ֵҵͬ顣
㲻ÿЦһ죬ϼ󹬡ΣʱΣץôãͨмԻųȥ
ΰɣҲ᳤ˡ

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ȻÿʪǺܵȴϱĴûҴÿ춼оµСøηֶʣĳѾֲסˣſľդϣֱֱĿҳԵķˣһڰɣ
˫۴ͣϳζŮӣͻȻЩֻӣߣ·ȴҲҪᡣ
̾һӵһӸ缢ƿʣӹֱûԵȴһѴ䣬Ҫ˵Ķ͵ſǽõĺϷ
͵ĿЩһ˿Թޡļ򣬡ҪԹ޽㣬ƽĵ¹ܵ裬һӱ㡣
һƿ֣ƵĴУܲˣܲˡŮˣǺʲôȥһƤ޳ȥֻõĲҽУģֻƤ޵ˣѾȥˡ
ᣬֲ컹Ǻҹұ۾η˷ţηűˣ˼ˣͻȻηԭη˺üյƣһȥԭһȺһȻ̫߹ūմһ￴֮ȫˡǸ߹
һźģĶݵźֳһ飬һһ˳ױı飬͵Ĵ³仰ܵģͶϣӦһ⣬Ըǳرðȫ¹
ʶıʼȷģϽūﲻҪ룬ϻѺһС̫óһݺžɡ
߹һӹ򵹸߹ǰʱԹҲ㲻빫Ϊͨһ£ñϡ
Ϊ˻ϣƾնĳ谮߹̾һﻹǻѺ˰ɣԸһ
߹ˡץסһϣ
ּɣ߹ͻȻóһʥּƣʵگԻ棬˽ͨ޿꣬ٴ䣬ͬ
ʥּľٴȫȥĥô֮󣬻һⲻò˻ɣǰĶǼٵġ
ū֮ǰϷԸūˬĻѺǿԷһ·ǣֻٵΨһ·߹һֱҡͷ
Ѿȫˣ߹˵ʲôֻǴĵڿݲϣһļž
߹׼ȥ߹Ҹη
ҵ߹ߵηǰһ£ߣ̫˼һع𣿡նλ㲻⣬Ӧòܾҡ
߹йһ˹˵̫ѻعա
ϢҰϲǷ˵ƽˡ̫ϲСˣ˼ҾԲ˺ġллԵ˵һ䡣
Լأūˡǰ߹ζĿһۡ
֪߹Ѱζʲô˼ѵͻֵˣҲٴɣ뵽ٴһ̲סһԭҵǺµġҵļһֱº͵ģĴãоᡣҲ˺ܶˣϧǸû񼶵ĳ̶ȣĴĺܲпᡣ
ţȻ˯ˣ˯ŵʱ˺ܶΣμҸ빬ʱ򣬺楳龰μҳ龰μ乬ӡ
ҹǱŮĽѵģ˰ˡһʱ䣬ηƻͨԭþȻҹɱˡͷҹջĲˣⲻǰּٴ2òϯˣϵˡһϳȥˣ֮ȥϸȥˡ
һСŮʺ֮µĹҲ޾󹬣Ҳǧ谮ļٵģ켶󹬵ģȴĵطҲûСȿɻɻȥ˾ȥˣֻǺһӰˣ֮˭ǵӳ谮÷Ů

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ҲõİˣҵҲֵ徲ڡҰϵһֻֽ̨ͱʡǻʲôأ뻭ǸңܻҪ滭ǲٲءףһŹңҼȻˣǱűľġ
÷ٻ÷ˣ÷ֵֻܵķʲôأͻȻһĺɣͻĺɡͬκʱ˵ǴƬƬĺĿһ죬ˣʹ⺼Ǿסͺκ
ԣͻɻҵİ⣬ҵ˼ȥ֪ңһᶮġַģ뵽ҵİ飬ҵһһεĵֽϣĬ磬
俪ŵ˽ˣһæѻغá·ģǻʺĸ
ãɺãʺ͡
ʺ治ҵϱǸ֮Ҹʺ˸
Ƕȥɡʺˡ
䲻Ըȥ˻ʺǿɵ
ȥʺ˵
ֻҺͻʺˣЩûˣǰĻʺЩİܶණˣֻлʺй
½ǣҲ߰˸ͷ˰ɣգǾɡʺ˵
ɻĿŻʺ󣬲֪һ
ֱ飬ʺ΢΢һЦͻϵ飬½һҲӺܶ
ǵģͻ÷ɷٺŮӡ
⻰ģʺУġ
Ǳͻôĸ飬ȴֲסŮӵһ񡣡һֵڻʺӡڽϣϾͼ½ˡ
Ҿ졣ҵĲ֪ԼôһӡҲûУڽϼһˡ
Ǵλϻع֮÷ͼ˼ʹ߹֪ͼǽϵ÷һûϾһƳŮӡ
ҵɴ۾ԭڽϣͼҵĿˣ֪װģҾһڸȴ˵ܣ
ҪȻ½Ϊÿضô໭ͽòɣôһӾѡ𣿵꣬ŻʵһҲã̫˵ŮҲǽϵСұ񣬻ʶαִҪѡ֮ѡŮҪԣԣҪ̫ͻϿ㣬ֱӰˡûãͱΪǣûκα˵ҲǶѹģ㱻ǺиͬŮǳسŮλ֪󣬰˹٣ǸŮڻ乬ءʺݿȥƽͣҲ֪˵Щʲô˼
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ϱ˵Щ֪⣿ʺҲǿģޣͷԭҲǸյͷζѡ
˵ôֻ࣬ҪףǸĵΪʲô㲻ϧвʣȴ޿κΡ
ϱˣʺﲻÿӵлϱ֪ǸˣֻһҵĻûһ˿ԥ
ֻһ˵ĵɡʺͻȻЦǺǴСһ𳤴ģҺԻϵĸ飬ȴΪ㣬ֵܽҪɱʺŷߺˡҲյˡ
ôܣͻȻԼͷЩԵĲүǱץ𣿡
ôɱܰܵĴڻʳǽ£۶ؾ࣬½飬ȥᷢʲô½ǲ²ɡηĿãʺЩ˵껰󣬿˼¡
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̫ϣȥȰү˱˼Һ˽ܵĸԣҲ˽ϵĸԣҪϽ㣬ǲòġһˡ̫˼ѵ˷ˣʵڲ뿴ֵСУ̫ӵ˺ܶʿפڴʢ߾˵ҪЭƽңʢʱ̫ƽʢҶ֮У̫ӵʲôģ
ǲ֪Һ̫ӵĹϵһҺ̫ӵѾסˡ

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ҶԻʺ˵￪˳ţҳȥ̸̸
ʺһھ;ܾңУðգһţٻ㣬ϲҡ
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Ҳǣ־ƣ̫Σˣұ£ֹǡյ£ѾڹرգѾվڳڡ
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ʺһõӣҺúȰȰûˣֻʣҺ㿴㣬Ǻĺ顣
һӵ뻳ҲǽƲԵҵϢ𣿡˻˻Ƶģü춼û˯á
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ӹڻ
磬ǵҪֵԼԼġʵ֪ʲôףֻ᲻ҡ
ͻȻһңߣھʹߣҿĸңһѳҳӡһӣһʿΧҶ˵ṦܺõģɱЩʿһɳȥ
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˹֮һ˵үϷԸҪүүҪӲҪΪֵܡ
ֻҪǿڷŹ½ӣһлǷǡ
ǶԲˣүֵܲǼˡ˹ּӽ˽Χס
Ը⼸ʵںܳˣҲòսšҵĹʵڲãֻпṦͣı仯ǵӾ
˹ֵĽͻȻֹͣˣҷϿգƵƮ䣬Ů

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˹ֵİΧȦվһˣŽӣһ˿ҲûУǼʶ湦ˣһֱˡĿң˵Ҳһˡ
˵ɢǵע磬ߡ
һѰҲҿһ˵ıƮҿˣ̫졣
үߡ Ǹޱӡ
ǣϡ˹Զóһ·ߣʵҲͦΪС
ЩԼ۾ô׵ķŹˡ
Щһ£ǰѻ˵˿ڣлл֡Ȼҵ֣׼ǡ
һԽǰ棬ָңҿû˵Ҳߡ
һҪߡϿ̻Ǽᶨ
Ҳߣģҳҵ֣ܣ̰ĵů
ǰǲŵݣ̾ôߣһߵģֵ֣ܵǶңֻһŮˣ׷Źҡ
Ҳٷ㡣סҵ֣ᶨ˵۾⡣
ɫԽԽأ˹֣үߣ½Ӹץ
˹°ΧǣǲٽֻǰĿ׼ң˹ѧĹˣĹֲסĹֶԸңһӰֿˡȴǰ˹ֵĶ֣һᣬ˹ֵĽѾҲϡ
ңЩһ˰˹һѰ˹ֵĽӰұ
ȻߣԼ˹֣ˣ¶ɫѾתɷŭˡ
˻ּ⣬˹Ȼˣһֻǵң߹һ
һֶ˵ү߻üүǴʢӢֵۣܾүʵڲү
ҲһԴţ磬߰ɣˡ
ߵߣһסҵ죬˫۾ȼյܵĻ棬һſҲΪΡҲҿĴʱĻ涼ȼˡ
𣿡֣պ˶š
ڳɹ˰˹ֵľصߣǸĴȴѪȾס
磬Ҿŷס
⸶״Щˣšҽ
磬סѨѪȥһŲס
ҽһ͵ˣμϡ
ŭʲôΣ쿴ү
ıסң˶޷֡
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һ֣ҲץסˡʶЩˣǼᶨı䣬ֻǰҵ·ץĽġ
˹֣ȥүŭ
ð˹֣˹һƣһˣѾǽˣû·޷ˣһƬϾ
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ͻȻйе̫ݵ
˹ֺʿԶÿһ·̫ϵǰֳһУ˵˶칬ȥ
ҳһ̫ͺð죬ôңǰȫˡ
칬ڣ̫ˣڸţֻʣҽʺ̫2Ůҡ
죬ҽ̫Щ٣Ͼĸġ
ҽտǰһҽǰ档
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жĿףѪѾȾ˰ɫ¡ҿ˵ķҲûеأҲǰ˹顣˺·ŮͰˮϣϴ˿֮óԼƵҩȥŮѸɾ·ˡһ̫֮Ůҽˡ
ֻʣҡʺ̫ˡ΢ϣɫЩ԰ףԽֻ̫ǺݺݵĺŲ裬һ仰Ҳû˵ɫǻʺϻǱȽƽͣʲô̫۾ɨˣͣϣģָзߺޣгʹ
½ǣھɱ㡣̫˵һ̧ͷ͸һ⣬̫һӾЩġ
ĸû°ɡʺվ̫ߣס
ҸжһӻƵģͷЩѣΡһӴܵߣû°ɣ
ҳҡҡͷЩֵ˵ĸô
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ǰܣҪٹ½ˣΪֵܵĺ̫İʺҲȰš
ʺôһ˵ŭ׵ıˣЩ飬ұ˵ǽ£һҪ˵˵ˣñǸһ
ĸ˵̫ͻȻˡ

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ĸ㻹ǵ6ǰʢ֮Χ𣿡̫
ȻǵãʱȻʸռݱֵΧʢĸһߡŻ뵽ʱΣ̫Щݡ
Ҹ߹ĸͻǴγ𣿡̫
У˵˵˵Ȧףһ㣬ǸﲻҽˣҲһ㻹˵ ҪȢ̫ͻȻЩŹֵĿ˿ҡ
ĸӦʲôЩˡ
ǴӦ㣬ֻҪǹףʹֻŮӣȹҲӦ֮㲻ǹҲΪֻ˵˵ġ̫ͻȻ뵽ʲôˣŵĿң
ǣĸ󣬡̫ǰʲô½ǣ½ϱǵȹҲӾ˻ֺĸ½ϱܵΣǱգ˶վ
ֹһΡһҵ䣬ҵϣȻһѿĵ̣ЩĿġʺ󾪽У֮ǰûۿҵҲ￴
ḧ˺ۣ˺һսĶԼѪ˻ʶ˻ʶֹһΣĸҲСʶҪ֪ͼ𣿡
Щ꣬ĸ˵ĸĲöôȢϲŮӣҷֻȢŮӣȴҵĻɩֻűǸǣϵոһյݣԼ
ԼؿڣȴиտյҲˡ
ܣ̫˼ҪˡʺЩĴˡ
һߣ̫ԵıϣŲ٣ϲӸ
վߵߣȻǰ޵С㡣
䱸İҲһʱ䣬ֵܼ侹Щ׳ӿͬĿͦΣͬĳֵܣʵͦġ
ܣȥɣվ֮顣
ܿҲñҪߡ
㲻Ҫս޵ģɫ쳣ѿ
ǰɫȳǰѱˣҪ˿ǵЦ½ǾĸУĸ㱣֤û˻ᶯһë̫˸Բ
˵ͷʾˣʵԼҲףҲߵġ
ĸƭ̫һ֤
ģĸһƭ㡣̫ȰĿһֱ׷ӣһֱĽ
ĸ׵ĻȻŵģʵҲ죬ִҪңֻһܾˡ
֮ǰ˹ұ̫ڶգѾ߹˵ʳľһҹ֮䣬ϢĳˣȫӰȻ̫ŵԣһػҲû˵õĳԵģõġʱҲûΪңҲŲʣҲһַˡﻹе飬Ｘ춼ûгš

ʮ 

﷢С˵С㣬ôȥߣĺɻƯС̫ʱҰŵѾߣսԲϵңһֱƺΪС㡣
ǣСĴߣ̫ҲûΪңĴ߶磬Щȣȴ¶ˣһ·ϣҲûʲôˣ͵˾ϣȻɻãĺҶŷɫĻ䣬ȻΡļϾЩȣһ㺹ˡСȥͤɡ
ͤУŷͤˣһˣһģһѾߴ磬һСӡһ棬զЩ죬˼ţѾģ˵󵨣˵Ҳ񡣡
ɿתţʲôʱ
С죬񣬼ﻹ񡣡ֹѾߡ
СһĿңźҼ죬һֱΪҴ̫ʲôˣ벻ҾȻҲǻʵ۵ӡ
֪ǣӦǸˣǺϤˣյݣ˵ǴʢΨһõɣһӴԾΪƷ֮ϡ
ô˵ɰĺӾĶˣʢĿǰΨһĻӡСӲֻһ˫鶯Ŀң½ĸ񡣡ȰСͷ
Сﶮ£Ҳˣܵͤ⣬ֱॣҪȥ
Сں׷˳ȥӵ£ҪȥΣա
ϲС˴ϻۿɰԵ˵֮ǰûʲôûж񽻣󹬣ܵһӣλοˣ뱲ˡ
½ǣģʲôҵ飬˻ϡʺ̫Ǽ֪֮⣬˲֪
ллġЩУػغ֮󣬺ֳӯ˺ܶµɡ󹬵ŮǼįģҿһֱƮͤСӵϣΨһļˡ
Сں߱ıģǸСѾߵľĽţӵ£ūˣԶһ㣬ȥˣūŵ𰡡
ŲСһƿС֣ҾҪ棬ְԵָźһĺɻȥѺǶĺɻժ
ǶɻΪʢǾǾ룬Ҫ˵ߵ޷ժ˴ΪҶǵأСһ޷ʻɻСһɫӣͲҪΪūˣ⣭ūʵ޷쵽
ûõĶĸȥССͣҲмְˡ
ܽͤУ䣬ĸҪȥժǶɻ
ԶԶȥҶ̣ӳպɻ졣ǺɻǱֲСҲϲˡ
ԣǺ̫Σˡȥɡ 
ҲҲҾҪúɻʼڵˣ
ȣ̵ĺܡȥ
ɴ˯˵ˣģõü⺢Ҳ޿κΡֻ÷ԸС죬ȥǹܴĹСȥˣҲţտСӡ
СȥСӼĸӦˣֱӵط͸ȥˡ
⺢ӣŭȴǻϲĺܡ
ͻȻ𣬵ǺͬһŮһͬŮɫ㣬ңЩҲǵˡǵʱ۵ģҲ˿ΪһֺӣϳңݡƾŸʼãΪʺһ֮µĵԽ㲻֪δҲǰ;ãҲ֪գ촦ˡҸˡ

ʮһ Сˮ

źͤΧԶԶȥСӵСѾ˺ģͻȻˣޱ޼ʵĺɺ֮ˡӰǵģͯꡣ
һתӭϵǵЦӯӯ⺢Ӱûа취ĹâҼʡ
ɣٴ㣬͸øŷѧϰˡӺСҪʼѧϰ徭ι֮ȷûжٿɵӡ
ͷǣĸǳ谮ӵġ
ͤСײײ˽ȫǺ飬ϵ·Ѿʪ͸ˣֲǺˮǺˮ˵ΪЩ壬С䣭䣭ˮˡ
ʲôһһԵĵɫһӷˣǾ𣿡ʡ
˼ȥˣСӳȥˣһҲСŵɫףףСӳʲô飬ʮ㡣
ЩҡΣСһæס˶񣬷ԸС죬ȥҵ㹫Сӳʲô飬ʡ
ǣСײײһ·˳ȥ
½ǡ һסҵ֣죬־ȻǱģǴĿԡҵĹ۲죬СأСˮӦЩʱˣСӵܴģˮµʱ̫ˣֻǻΣա뵽Щվסˣͷ˳ȥĺҶһӾ͵˺룬ѾΧ˺ܶСƬƬĺҶժ£ֻʣ¿տյĺ棬óˮԵĹںѰһ͸ˣ͸ˮ͸͸ҹƣСһȽĵطȥˣҪȻƬˮôˣҲ
ʦ̹һֹ򣬿ˮºۣʦֹˮҵܶ˷֮ˮµıǵʦ˵⹦һҪѧˮĺܺ档
˲̫ˣһˮˮµ绹ˮ׺öһЩκʱµģȴкӵӰһϸҡǰһƬ޴ˮ壬ιȥȻһֻӵĽŴˮдֲãЩˮҲСأԭѳˮˮסˡ
ٲˮ壬Сӣˮȥ˸ӣˣǳоЩԾô³ˮ죬вãܹصĽˣȻ֮ҷƾ˺ܸ߳ҽȻң˰ûмʱô׺õģղˮôʱ˿һѿˡУһҪСȾȥǿžʹųϴ
ڣҸоԼָˮ棬ңԶһЩ˹СӣСӰţҾԸоһᣬѱ˱ߣ֮ҵѾɫΧʧȥ֪

ʮ 

ٴʱҲ֪ξȻ¡֪ˮԺ̫󡢻ϴһΪˮ̫һı̫ҽ㳲Ľֻѿ˿ǿϣҵĻȴ޲ߡŭ֮ɱ˼̫ҽһʱ䣬ŪĻ̻̣ҵĲȻҽʰͣҽߣʹͻƽܾöûҰּ˳룬ʹͱ˷ǳһ
̫ȴͬôǷˣΪһŮӣѴýɽˡȻȴվֵַһͬЭ̫Ҳֲֻ֣ܴ̾һ
֮£·֮󣬱šҰˣһʮͷַҰˣÿջѨλͼ̫ҽԺЩҽ롣Ȼĵұˡ
ǰչҵĻǸСϲ̵˵ѹˣȻλֹӿɾҪͷˡ
λֹӺкøУļܷظĸо
ܿ˿ϤﰡҪЩѣΣһˡ
ı¸󰡣ﲻǵˡѣźãСȥࡣ˳ĺϢ߻ϡֹǡСĳȥˡ
ֹѾͷѾĳšʵڲˣҲ֪һԶ˵ʲô˻ЩԺ˯˹ȥ
Ƶʱ֣վЩˣҰпǵҵϣִֻҵϣůůģһ̧ۣǸҲû뵽ģգգۣҪһЩҾ㵵ģ˫ˮ˫Ҷٰ
ѹʱ򣬾Ӧòµ£дҽߣҷĪֻڴʢĻʹȴû뵽ġ
ƽȣӦ޴ˡҷº͵ԵøС
ô˵͸Ž
Ѳã廹Ҫҷ粻˵
Ƕ£лҪ½˵һ˶ȥˡ
ҵĴߣԵЩ㲣ңûĮûзŭûɱ⣬еǴδйºͺϧ޸лл
ǻϵѪ檾Ҳǳ檵ı֡Ķ˶ӣѿ˿ڴǺʹüͷ
ʹңʹַ֮Ա
ˣֻ˿еʹõġŬЦЦ
Ҫҵһƫ㿪ˡЩƵ֡ڨڨĿ˿ڣԵЩӣĺˣţһ·
ϣЩԼĶ䣬𣿡Сʡ
ϷԡվߵߣֻһįıӰįıӰ̫˰ɣĺ󹬣ݣŮֻһССҶѡ
Ƿ̫̫ܵˣΪ˴ʢΪޣЩ꣬սΪ˰޲ͨеļϸȢԼŮӡһİˣЩȥ
ϲҪ˵ˣΪЩ£ҲΪʢģүӲڹҵЩΪȴ˼
ҹЩ֣Щ˺ǷϣƽʱЩ̣һ̣ȻҾҺЩ̣սһߵϡûʲôԵֵùҺҪһϲãϲҵ˼룬ĶҪˣʵûʱͿռȥˡ

ʮ ǰ

Ȼͬҳϣڹٳȥ˵ӣ㲻Ҳ᲻ްɡĵˣǻôڿڣĻһ䣬½ǲȥˡɣ޷ŵɡ
һԵʱ¸Ѿ˵ҹڱ¸ǻءڰǰҲû䡢ûеλ֣֮һСк
ƿӣﻹİӰӣСЦ˵֪󣬾ͳˡ
ЩȻһǻ֮󣬶룬ܿҲףǿΪΪĵط
дܺܿ͸һظȻмϲűֽƬˡ˵Ϊ˻ʵ۸棬֪ƽͺãͲˣ˺ҳҰؿϣֽصȴҺҸһӾء
һıȫ˸սݵҷЩ죬ҷȻһֱڱ¸ȴʼûеദĻᣬʱǡûˡ
ҷ磬еĸлǸʵ޷ݣŴΣյʱ֣ҹƲٵʢʢҹѣ֪ݣҷһܺõʡ
ɫöˡҷ԰ҩ˸ҡ
ҽӹһҷˡҵᣬ±ҷĳƺ
ˣҲˡҷԾ뿪ʹҲģϾȫ
㲻һֱҵݡҷ磬ȦȴЩ졣
㻹ɵѾͷ ҷһҵͷǳ硣
ôһҲ֪ϧԼһҲҷˡɫ͸ҷ磬˵ĿͦΣȴңˡ
Ȼ³֮Ҿȥǡҷҽʢ֪ݣء
ô졣Ҿʵ˽̰ҷºͣ󴺷磬˾úʡ
ǵģѾΣˣ̫ҽͿ԰ˣ˵ԼҲǸҽˡҷգգۡ
лл۾Щġ
˵ġǲ𣿡ҷŭһҲҪİ
֪Լٶ˵ʲôҲˣǷģǾͱӻɡ
ֻѾ˵μϵ֪ˣҷ˺󼸲ѾˡǽɫʵЦ
һæ˵檼ϡ
󲡳һˡҡ
ַϡҷ
񡣡鲻ַ簡ҽǵ֮޵ĳŵʳԣڹɡΪҷȻӦΪҽһ㶼Ϯģһƽ޷
ݡҷƺ治ϰߣҰ׹ˣʵڲӦе
ϳŭʵ벻ͨҷΪʲôҪܾˣ˻ʰ񣬲Ϊٻ
Ҫһʹͣν˻ʰ񣬲ΪΪֻΪˣ޴󰭣ˡ
ǺˣˣֻΪˣŻˣ͸Ҫˡ
°ɡһˣҷ綼˳ȥ
ҷıӰ˼˲ţ޲Ӧ÷Źһޣ;̫סںķϣַΡ
һϣ޹ǽ֦Ҷһ񣬿²̫ʰɡҪͷ
кβɣʢ֮ʡַһ˲š޵Ȼȥ鷿ּ
ɫÿˡ¸󣬻ۻʣңһһУıˡ
ллϾ˱ĹҾЩھΣҲǸܺߡ
ҲΪ˺ܶ¡ġĿңĿҪڻҡʲôʱ򣬱Ϊ޵һٰ
ϵĺôո֣ʵòڡҪģҲ֪ʱܸʲôӡ
ŮֻԸΪİ˸٣ЩŮӣǵֻ̫Ϊȡޣ򶯲ҡѵΪ޸һҲԸ⣿˵ıｻ
Ҷ̫ҽСѱȡ
ʲôأϲ÷Ϊһסӽ÷
Ū˼þûˣַЩˡ˼£ʼ
űߣ
į
ǻƻԳ
ꡣ

һȺʡ

ֻʡ
Щͣˣͣˣ˫Ŀ
һ˵Ļ߸ߵı׿ͦĽë΢΢ţʵҲǸݳĻʵۡ
˫ۣӱܣֻһǱĸһ޽ҪʧȥǸĹ屦
޵£û¡ͷҵȹڲֻܱסҸ˵ʲôҿ˵ʲô

ʮ ԭ֪ô

ˣӱ¸ȥܿӲӵģһɫľӣˣ͹˵Ҳһӱãĺһ
¸ǰС·ϣ˼ˣǵСһСһѾ½ǣˡСѾ߽
СЩģŵĲᡣ½ĸͷлл½ĸľ֮
Сžһڵֱͷĵĺֻͷ͵ʯײ
ҹ˲ԼվСӣˣ
Ŀϡ֮ҲЩͨ⺢ӾҲǶøжģοЦЦ
֣Ҫ½ĸˣء
½ĸúϢСȥˡҵĻ˵ִԼĻһͲģĶĸ˵½ĸʱģ͸½ĸ˵ܵȥˡ
⺢ӣƫҪⲻֵǮĶǼЦˡҪⶫûȥ
ɡҰǶ˳ַ˴ϡ
ͻȻǰ
Ǹʲôһæȥ
ܶԲǵ飬ȴԵ±ԹҵͻȻӿȪ
ҲҵļҺ͵޶񽻡˵ȻҲȥˡ
˵ˣֻúվ
Ǻү飬Ǳ߻ϵģͷˣͻȻҿҡ
ɻ۾⣬ף
һҾ÷֣үں棬͵ǵ̸
ʲôʱ򣿡ͻȻͷƤһէ
Ʋ̫Ȣ
ҵڴߣԭʱ֪ˣΪʲôҪȥ̽ңһֱ̽ңһӽŵ״Ҳòʶԭôɲ⡣
ǻʲôӦҵ
ֻǰʾϣ½÷ֵ١ѾˣҽЩ꣬Ӳ٣Ӳȥ÷֡
ɾǴΣû۶ϵֻһˡ۶ǵĹ֮ͳˡϳҹڱ¸ǻһΣϺƺٻ۶ȥޣҹԻ۶ȴһʹļ尾
尾òŵųǾļ尾žЩ¸ҵġ
ͣһ£Լҵ飬ֿʼ˵ҹ૵Ľű֣û۶һı䣬˵һǹ޶̫Įһǹ޳谮ܿԸģҲһԶǧǸϣ޶ǧֻƵ˶
˵˵Ҳһûдԭİô
ĲȻЦţҵЦЩᣬҹʼףϵѾûбˣͰױƽӡ
ˣҪаҺߵĻһ㸺ҲûУİɵķ֡
лл߱һСǰŵ֣أôȴǱġ
ֱһץĽģ죬ð˻֮ɸ߱Щϣϧϵİû㣬ֻʬ⡣
ϵϵģԭʲô֪Ҳǰģֻд󰮴֮˲Ż˫
ĳ֣ˣֻѲá
ҲǣôδҪúϢ̫ࡣҵǿϾҲѩһӰѻˡ

ʮ һȥ

֮꣬ʱĹ𻨾࿪ţʮ͸θʳǶ͸ķε֮СҺҷҶּСϡԶԶȥҴһɫ֮УƮ飬Ψںĳ΢Ĵ·ʾʵĴڣҷƮƮãָһ¹𻨣޳ָ⻮䣬ۼ
Ŵ󲡳ݣȴЩˣĽëţůЦ⣬ҷ磬˵޹վҪˣҪΪʢˡ
ʱ򻹿ҵЦȥһͷĹ𻨡
˵̫Ҳ޾󹬣޹Ҳòɵģҷиˡ뵽ϿԳá
Ӱˣ԰ĽɫҲ޷֪ҵ⣬Ҿ뿪ˡء
֪жҷ޿κΣֻǰҾԼжô̡֪ҷҹкδ㣿
λĸһȥӣǺˣȻİŮԵع̳лλһ̧ͷҷ磬ҷĿ峺ٿĿʹҡ
һѾҷӵһ㣬ž
ϴȵĻҪܾңһ𣬿޻棬һΣһΡ
ĸԼ˵һΣ޷ܡ
Сֹͣ˸質ȻƮ䣬ư׽֯һ𣬾Щ˺ѷΡ
ڸʲôŭȼŵ
æ˿ҷ磬ѾˣѾֱֱվǰ
Ѫɫһ뿪ҵæҷһ£ߣҷ硣
ҷ磿ɫˣѾԽҷǰ֪㣬֮ͨ£˭
γ˽ȹϱ
ȥý֣ﶯ֣Ҫ˵ҷ粻Ķ֣ǣҷһвٴʢʿĶ£ڴʢϣ˭Ź
ÿһһֵ˵䡣һ˦̫Ҿһվסһ˱ĵϡ
ֻͬʱҵ֣ұҷ磬ûǣԼҪϾͻȻһᣬһקһֻ첲
Ŵ󲡳ôôҷܴ˵ԭҷҲô׵ʱ
Ҫ𣿡˵Ծһ㺮˪
Ұ͵͵һߣ磬ȹҺܶΣԹº𣿡
ýֹؽڴΪˣڶôŬĿԼҵſˡ̾һת뿪һصĹ꣬ΪʲôŵĲζɱѪȷ硭
һֱ˺ԶˣҲŷӦҷ磬ҷ磬ھߡҷݻûб¶Ͽߡ
ôӱˣϱˡ ҷ紽չһĻȣҷʱЦ
Ҫߵģ߲缸ʱ߰ɡҷڴʢʲô£ôԵξ֮Ե֪֮Բйʺи֮
˵̾ߣôףʳôҲֻеҹ֮ҵģҵȰʱȥҷֻĳ̫ˣ޷⡣ҵʱı⡣
ҹ٣ȵĹڷƮĹâվڻ֮ϣη紵ϵɴûиһĨӰʧڻȵľͷûиҷȥˡǰҰʦҵġҩƪҷ磬ĿǰΨһΪġ
ճյĿţʲôʱվһҲ֪ѾˡϤֻЩġһͷӳǰɫϵ÷ǧɫĽ˿ѥӣ͸ҫĿˣ
ЦˣЦݵůȾҲ޷ĮıҡСӵ뻳ˡ
Ūҵķ˿˿ָ⻮䣬һĻȣԺҷ磿
ԭΪڲģЩϲ̵ģ˵ʹҲûʲôˣ
Ūŷ˿ֺȻͣˣ˻ô
㿴ˣҲϲĿ˼ԺˣƽͿԼġ
һͬţǴʢֶһˡЩ
ģҷ粻ҵĵˡն˵֪еҵҷ֮޷ġ

ʮ ˣ󹬣֣

ҷع󲻾ãʹϢλˣӴҲûҷ磬еֻҹ¾ҷ硣鷿˵ҷ磬֮ǰһӡûУƾһ
벻ҷն˵Ļģ֪º̫ͣϲ͢ھȻ˾Щš
ҺһЦҳӲԶˣҲ𽥰һЩ񽻸ǫҲȫˣ͹¶ȥųӡ
ſϺү£ﲻҪȥǸ߹
ҪȥϣһܽŮ
һɫװŮŶ룬߹ں棬ﻹ˵
ֽ֣ӭȥô鷿ˣ޲糯ǰ˵ˣҹ˷纮޴þ𣿡Ἣˡ
ϣˣһҲ벻ϡǸеĹļͷ
˵ܳһ½Ů2£ͱһӷΪ楣Ų٣Ůӽ鷿֮
һ£һװ֬ԼأüɣһˡڴͬʱͬʱҲڴҡЩҫϧô˵طǸûвˣأްպ죬Ըֻλ죬λ졣
Щ죬һʱȴ벻֣ҲĿλӣôŻȻԭü侹ôңȴһ׼꣬ҸսǸӡ
ԣعȥ޴š˵
ǳ檸ˡȻݣȴҲüþա˸ȥ
׷һֱ⡣
ˣҵѺõĲˣ⹬Уҹζࡣ֪Ȥиˡ
İǰôһ£վŲߣֵʣ½ûʲô飬и˰ɣ޻кܶأ
Դҹ֮Ҳڶң鷿ǾԿġ
ĥī°ɡ
ˣ˰ɡ䵭ġ
ңָ½ǣһһΡ
½ǻʲô飿Щͷˡ
ϻǵôӦ檵𣿡СĿ˿ڡ粻ҾЩ¡
𣿡һһûлر⣬׼˾׼ˣ½ʱ뿪͵һãǺƽڿԷˡ
лϣǳվߡ檸ˡСڸ質鷿ͷ˳ȥ
鷿黶죬Ȼ鷿ſڵС·ˡǳţ·ϵСţϵʯֿţ˿̣ɻС񣬷ɵĺܸߣɵĺԶ
һӴ˳׼ˣһֱûߣڵء
ǵģ磬ˣҴеһסҵ죬ˣǻʹ
оԼ̫ˣֹסЦر¸ʰȥˡȴ֪͸鷿Ĵһ˫һֱң˰˺;
峿̫µϢһϣһ˰ɣŽɫĻʳǣйҵľйҵΣйҵһЩһЩսΪʷͻ䣬ûл䣬ֻʷҺݸ̫ǵϣӰӶһģģԾġ
ûиҺϣĻԽԽԶֱȫʧмٵɹھӪ֪ǽ顣ɫ˱䣬վûʲôһоǾķ°ɣʢкܶĽ졣ҪΨһ뿪ʳǣӵҵָˣҸǵҸǰˣôô桭
ģĵһƪлһ·֧ҵѣ֪ΪңǲſƪµģĵʵڲզģһƪһŬмҲһ֧֣лл




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ҵĸȻ谮ӣҺ͵ܵг󣬸ǵһжõġҵĵ̫ܵɫˣ17£μ׾ҲҺĸĶӺֵܶеԺ
ǶǵһҲҪǺΪһʺĵãʢĵһŮһйһκõӣɾ£ĺһΪˣвĵΨһ
ûûǴεĽϳҲҵͲôʹ࣬ôΣôһоǷˣףҶԻʺĲǰ
µϸ꽭ϣȼһ÷ͼȻܶ˵ͼһ깫ӻģųƽϵ÷񻭵ģңţ˲ܻĻ÷°飬̫һ׼÷仭һƳȻŵװͬҿ̹ġ
ǵĴɴվҪģͻȻʣøλӴĸĶܾҲĸǺ֮ǣ˴˻֮졣ܣðȥȱƾӣʢ֮ΧҸʺһܾܾˣ˵ʵһҪԸʵĺܣǵһѪҺ
˳ǻҵĻʺ󣬿ҵȴһֱǣôƮӰӡҲָ֪оʲôʱҹλصʱȴǿġ
ƾҵĻ䣬Ļʦԭ÷òȻͨĻԶ÷ɷƾѡĹɹڽҵ˻ˣ½ϱ
һȺŮĳڳӣҼͿԿ϶ڽ÷ԭŮװǡƲסеĿϲˡ׷һˣһսŮķǿǰˡлʱ̧ͷ˫ĿȴǾһ̶ˮȫȻûڽϵĿźȻŮһЦţЦȴûһ¶ȡ
ҳûãͱǣҰƵ˷˼ϣҵĳ谮ΪݺĶ󣬺ݺʧȥӣ費Զȥ乬
˶֪ϲ÷˿Ҫĵز˭ܻһֺ÷˭ܶռʥ裬ǽĵһ죬͸ңử÷ҲӲȥ÷֣ôաұ˭ᣬҲһôɫˣô᲻ử÷ֻһԸ⣬и÷䡣
Ҳͣ̽ͣظᣬǲԸϣǸϵ÷ʹʱԼҲҪ·ҳ棬˺󹬵ĵһ֪ǶԱһֱ
ЩпᣬҪģһ죬ݸң½÷ָү١ݵ棬Ҳʲô飬ҵһ³ͲµһһˣҺţһһǸ˸ߣֻȫȫҡǣ˾ȻܣҵĶ֣ǿܣҵĶ֣ԸֵܡܣǱеǸҼԿ϶Щ꣬Ӳ٣ֻΪİ˵ҵʹԸӡ
ҷűһ棬Ǳļ֣һ־ܼᶨŮӣһ棬ٸԼһλᣬʱعҾ͵ʲôʱҲûз谮˭Ҳеҫ
ĵͼ÷ͼʽشʢʱˣ˴ε÷ͼ¹ؾ˹ĶĿ˭뵽ַʽأŮڹУˡǶӣҳƣɵɱѺȴǸʹ
ȥʱ͵͵ȥĸۡܵ鷿һкܶܣ˵˽鷿
飬鷿ľܵһЩָ壬һ£ûзʲôرģЩʧȴǸ˵ģµľܲǱˡ
һ飬óʱףɷŽȥʱôҲȥ԰һȫ׼һŽȥ֮󣬷ľиСťһԶҲƶԭȻҡ
߽ȥƬ÷ĺ󣬵һô÷ͼ÷÷÷ѩе÷ϵ÷ɫе÷ŵ÷һűվ÷Ļվ÷ı˵Ŀ飬üԶɽľĶǡĻꡣһӵڵϣԭ࣬÷ܲǱе
ҼʵҪˣҰЩ÷ͼȫˣʤسҹѺܣŭʧȥǣ֪Ҳعˣһĳ䣬ܣҵİôַֻʽ
ȻмƻعȴĴʹҵģԸΪܸСңңֻΪܵһҴŭ֮¹Ѻͱűľģҵ޿κ᲻ɱ
ĸعˣŭָҵı˵ҷˣôԹѺܣʵҴûҪɱܣһ·ѪȷĹĸ˭ҲܴġĸĻعһܺǫ̃ס
ܳô֮ڳסˣһŭֻΪգĴڻʳǽ£ǴʢĲӣĿֻһȻҽĸŭһ̫ĶթУû뵽ЩֵᷢϡΧǣֻһ֣ܾˣ˳Ц
廹ϵˣʺѱ˳ĸûиıܵľģǵֵûиıܵľģɱһϯʳʮһҹ֮䣬Ӱ١
ܵ˵ҵľĽģԭһԵǵûңҵһףջǿաΪʲôЩж
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һ˫˫ִˮʱˣˮһƬɺ죬ˮǸһ˺صˡѱ˱Ŀ޽ţ죬½ǡˮ¡
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µŮˣǸŮӳֱһٰ棬ϸʱڲסʧӣꡣˣϲеڶˣѰһӰӣһȥϣûбһ׷ŮӣŮӽΪеһ棬 Ҳһеĳ谮ΪֲԱźҵҲ谮뿪


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