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߿ƪ

˭ôùôһܼҺӣ
ʶһɼУɳԺζĳ顢ɹƭ͵ЩûϢµͦУһѧͻᣬһġ
˼ô˵ģ
һΪŰֻ֣岻ڣ嶾ȫײϣߡаŮ˷šҷʮ⣬ǧָٲ
˭ĵﰡ˭ɴ㣬ȥڣȥɽӣڽϻˣˣ
ˣͦһСųţզͱɽأ
ƽƽôһӴ϶ûϡö࿴һ۵СƺȻкЩҼҮҪЩ˧ۻ軨òã
СƺĹ£ͺ˵˵ϲ磬о㤣˵ǿֲа飻˵ǰ飬ɣ˵ɣж˵Ƕա
ȣûɶ˵ˣһǿϫġɫɣǸɰСľʹ£

Ш

ľȻضέУֵŶɳ̲Ǹ˼޳˱ĲҺ
Ǹɳ̲ϵʬ壬֫ࡢ⣬ɢء
ѪϪɳʯȾĿİɫˮһɫƣѸӿ
֪¾Ӱεؽɱһж޿ӱܡ
ʱ̣Щ˷·Ϊؼףոߵ
޴Ŀ־ǲҷһ
һŮſڴŻ£һȭͷסԼ죬һӽסһĹεˣһĸŮմرһһŮڵҲվһ˶ҧŴؿţϣǰһֻһجΡ
Ȼû漣
԰һñ޴̽һ˵ѣһѩĳն£һüͷ­ӭзԶԶ׹뽭ģת˲㱻ļĽˮȥһƬ沨ɢ
һĵյһѪصе䣬̧ߵǾͷʬͷ䴦ȥˮһ˶԰߱ʵ«έڵľҲ˴Ͼ״Ķˡ
ȻҲʮɣӿ֪˲ɱľϵȻеŵֹ
ǺҲ룬һ𣬳мһ磬ŶľĴϴȥһֱš
ϴѪ磬Σ뽭С
˶Ѫһһϣһ˶ļһﾪֵϹţֵ
ϵ˶ɵˣ˿ֲشС
ǸˣȻҲ԰ĴɱˣӱϾЩͨҪö࣬ۿЩ˷ټ֪ӣǹýڣ֮£һֳݣˮһţɴ˵øԶȻļˮȥ
ԶݵĶɴĹ⡣

01

ŨɢȥԲ
ҰһŨ޵ýںɫĻ䣬ƬƬؿţǵأĿġ
Ļұħ죬棬Ѫ·ڻȪ·ϵĻ̺̤ȥǰߣڤ֮硣
ʮǵɴ۾Щ֣֪Լôġ
ʮһˣĲɻ֮һ
ϸ£˹ִİãʺѲһ·׷ɱʹʮǰյвԷ˶ڣֻһ·ӻعڡ
ʱǰΪ˶ֵܹһ֡бвã·ɢ֮ŷһƬѪĻ֮С
ʲôط
ʮǹţȥͷϵĺȻֱ㽩ڶͷϡ
紵ߵǰȼյĻУͻȻһĨѩףޡ߹󣬷·įĹеһ
һꡣ
һϮ£ݳվѪ֮УڻһƬѩ˴ԼŶƶ˰İ
ʮעеĽƤʣ׽̿ڣδȴ͸˼ֺ⣬ʱһˣ鲻Խ˸¡
֮Уϲµ˿ɲ٣ȻܰѰɫ°¡Ⱦ˳ģֻдԡ«ǧѩһϼķѩǵλ
ҪǾ͡Ļ
Ƭ̣˿ڵǧժʮǣ
ʮ̽ʣǷѩǵѩɫӣ
΢һף˶٣ֵɱ㣡紺ˮ
Ŷ
ʮǶΪʲôΪǵɣҪɱܻҵɵġΪ˼ҵӣǡ˼ҵţǹƭ˭ҵĹŮ֮ûʲô⡣
ѩɫӼûзӦе֣㲻ӣ
ʮЦΪһҪӣԷͷ죬Ҳһδԣ㱻
ѩɫӣѩǳһɫͷˡ仨ǧѩĶӣݳǽнеšУɽڷɽׯɽʮصĺڷׯƵôӴ˳ѩǣʮһˣϴķڷʮս³ͣʮλĽĪʮΪȻƺˮһٽʮկʮΪһ޹ɱũҺͯǧ׷ɱħѪӣڴĮ֮С
ۺڵ׵ѩǵѩɫӣ˲ġ屡죬ǱᾡӢİɫҲ˳֮ΪѩɫΪʮ֮סУб߶ӣȴΨѩɫеĽ˶
ʮ´ŶǸ꣬Щɣ
ҲɾţѩɫȻ磬ɱϾֻһδɵëͷСӣ̥ܸߵȥżԺչһЩ޳֮ͽȥ
뵽ѩڽеĵλʮеͷۡ
ӵܣһ塢첻ǹܹ¡ܣǰᡢˣˣԣģ᲻
ȻȻδ汾죬ȴС˲ϣǾ͸ˮζƵģҧסͲ죬Ѫ֡
Բѩɫӣȴò˼ɷѩǼһڰС˲ˣǲۻܲô
۾µµתһȦ޺Ѱ·
ѩɫܺĵѣ㴩ӣڸǴ£߰ɣṦȥʹҲⲻ˲мߣʮ֮⣬ϪܹСϪ˵·
һ˼ʮǺȻеС˶Է
ѩɫ˵ҲϪġ
Ȼһչֻöʮöİ䡣漴ǧ걻һҷڿ裬鶯·ٳѪ
ʮͷ亹䡣˳ǧժ򽭺ƾȻһ˲ұ󣬼ʹǧֲֻɻֻҲɣ
۾Ѫ죬ʲôҲʮǲҪƵİеİ˳ȥȴţ뺣Ϣޡ
ֱ컨УһѩɫĹâȻıǶͻȻŵһѪ
Ѫζ̴ů⡣
ȥ׷ѪӺζʺ΢΢һͷȥһѩĽ⣬룬Ѫ¡
ù
ʮǵĺ֣Ȼ鲻ԸĸԸصȥȻ꣬ǲûСղȷѾȫԸȴûпǱôԼʺġ
ѩɫͷʮǵʬ壬һĨ
ϲ˵Ǻܶʱ򣬳ˣΪ˸õػš
ԶĽŲӦ׷ʮǶһ˰ɣ
ѩɫϻת˲ʧѪ֮䡣

02

ת¹
ѩɫȻվϪߵһʯϣϴŽϵɱ
ǰͻȻһŮӲҽУ̴٣žɽ֮УȴԵ÷
һţ˳ᾪɡ
ѩɫȻ̧ͷһ㣬ԾϪһ˹ȥ
תɽ䣬ɽһССĴӣҹûһǵƻ
ǲҽֻһѩɫȻ϶Ǵﴫġ
Ȼ㿴ڴڵǼéǰһͷʬ塣
ʬ壬Ů˵ֻȻץ಼ͷȴɵԶİϣ¹£˫۾͵Ŀ־Ե÷
Ѫ罦أȵ
ʬ׷봦أԡཹཡðѪƤ˿ھȣǲƽȻԵһжͷ
ֿͨûַʹǳţ֮Ҳ޷˸ɾؽ˵ͷгء
Ȼ⻹Ƿѩɫעġ
ǣŮ˱ɱ֮ǰҽУԶ֮ˣΪΣӵڶһ㶯ûУ
Ȼȫ˶ɺҩ˯ȥˡ
ôֻһֿܡӣѾûˡ
˵Ѿûлŵˡ
Ҳȷκ˻ļ
̶̵һ˲䣬ѩɫƶϳ¼ǰ
Ů˷֮󣬱ϵߣȴײʲôֻüһ㱻һΡ
ôʲôôһССĴӣʲô
ѩɫͻȻθߣһøվĺ֦ϣӸµȥ
ɫԣӺģҼűջκɽӰ죬гз紵ҶһƬȻ
Щء
Ů˲Һϵֻǵָʱ䡣ڸȻԶ
ǰߣƾĹ򣬸ʮڣҶ춼ӲĶ䣬صٺãܿƲסɣ
Ǻߣ书֮ߣж֮ϡ񽭺еóߣٶȿģûмˡ
࣡һ졣
һ䷿ݵĲݶͻȻһǻ𻨣Ѹӿҹ̱
ѩɫϼ˶£
ȻлŵˣȻģ뿴û©֮ˡ
߿һţ˽ӣŻ⣬ǸͨũңЩªļҾߣݽһľһŮ˺ӡ
ĸ˵ͷһֵֺĽǶţȻǾǱŤˡ
ѩɫ侲򶨵۾ͻȻһĨѪɫ
ͷڶ˼ңķݸ֣һŵڵϣ˫͹ͷ⣬ɫϣϻһɫĺۼǱġ
˼ң߿ȫعݣڱǺѪ˯֮бַɱ
Ļȫ˶һ̵ַּƶǣϵı죬ѾѪ͸ˡ
ҰһԺĹڣԭȫͷǱһرѡ
ȷֵŮʬͬǱһΡ
߼ҵǰֻ꣬ɫ࣬кɫѪж
ܣŨ̳죬಻ȫ嶼֮СžžĻǱ⿾ζ֮Ż
ѩɫŻ⣬ɫȴѩҪס
Ӷʮһ˼ңʮˣһ⡣
ͨƶũңɼʹзӽõǼңҲûбٵļ
ңʮˣǱֲַͬɱһ򵥶רҵѸٶЧȴû˿ص㡣
ϰ֮ˣɱ˶ԵʱȻȻʹԼϤĹ򣬼ʶһϳȻЩ򵥵ɱ˷ȴԲᱩ¶ɱֵݡǿ
ȥʮͨСӣλᱻôײеɱ壿ˡӡŮ˶Ź
Ȼڸ·;СȻЩ޹һ֮ǰ֪ϻطЩˡ
Щкͨܲܡ
ԽԽòӡЩʬǡѪͻᱻɵøɸɾеԩͱɱۼᱻչ⡣
ѩɫٴγ
ղæھ˵ʱٶȲ쿴ֳȻʲôûУġ
˾ţžƿ棬ڿУȻȻ
ȻʲôûС
ӵˣֶζַһû¡
ڣֻΨһġֲͬɱַ
ѩɫμһķڻȦ֮⡣
Ȼһ͵Ƴе˳ᣬѹֵҭ
ѩɫȻתһƬ΢ҹ紵˹ȥ
ҹѾ£һ޵ĵɽҰأһš
࣬ʮ⣬һƬ£ǸïĲݡ
һʣǴӲݴд
ѩɫ
ݴʲôûУ·ղֻǷҶ
ѩɫȴ˿ûΪԼˣٴ˵
ȻϢ
۾ֳһĨɱ⣬ֹƬ̣ǰߣʵĳػ˳ȥ
ݴͻȻڳһˣʲôʱ򣬴ʵĽѵ˵ĺϡ
ֻǸ󲻴ĺӣС·Ҳõġ
ԭֻһ˼ҵС˵Ĵίô
ѩɫذѳջأһֱ
Сֵؿ嶶ӣޣȴֲҡ
Ǹ飬ȫˣ
Сƴͷеľָ
ѩɫ˵Ҫ£㿴ģңů⡣
Ǻɵؿ죬ֱϡ
ѩɫ̾һϾǸӣҰ϶Żˡ
ӣΨһĻڣѪϡ
¹͸ƣںӵϡ
ֳһı仯Ѫѻ¡Ȼӡ͡䣬ҲѪۡȻϼÿһë׶Ѫ
ճѪҵѪܵѪ
ӾģеãȻֲ̧˲տմϵһƬƤ࣡һָƤȴƣȻָ˶һһر
ѩɫɫ΢䡣
ǶĶ
ּӣָ絯ɪǺһ·¡Ȼ˺ѰסѪ«ĺӣһչӲƮ˳ȥ
ĻȻţֻȼĶյòˣǣòһƬ׵أȻе㶼ˡ

03

ȴ佭֣ʱٴбţ¥С뻨ޡ˶ȼ֦ͷĲ顣
Τׯһ϶ϸ衢١
̻£ǲݳݺɡݺʱڡ
ϵǣӯ̣˿Ũޣ컡
ӣ۾֮ءĽ¥̨ǿĻ貨Gˣ¥ȼ磬Ƽ˿Ʈ죬ϸ裬ϷƼͣһʢ
ڣʯбϱʱһһ̤Ŷ
һʲ꣬һϮɫȻ񿥷Ƿ
һһȴݣȻ֮Уȴƶ˰
Ȼ˴ࡣ
һŴɫӵòˣ¥Ȼ꣬һһɣƮȻ䡣
Ħ࣬УΩ·ˡн䣬ͷ΢ͣͷҲûֻ̧һм㿪
װյض㣬һݺݺĴȤͽЦ漴һ۵Ůӡʧ֡еһ֦һ£һ޽εĶһ֦ٺϣһԲĶһӡ
ȴݣЩŮϲҲգֻǵʹͷشУЩŮµƷȴûһϡ
нԶ֖ľͷӶʯ£ͣһһɴƮ˵Ļͷҵ죬ǡӣơ֣Ƕһ֪֮֡
ʱСԻϰʵ㹫ӣҼҹӵܾˣ
ꡰšһһԾߵС̱ϹϾؽӹұߵСϴ
ʰ׶£ֱϴͷ
΢һ޵ŮűߣЦĻ룡ˮεεһתɷǹꡣ
΢һף̤С
֮һɫɴŮӻãһŪңһӣߣŮǸ̴壬ԵǸͷһӵϣӸ⻬۵޳ָۡ
òţںĲ˹̺ϣбпĿ΢üչ·𾲵˼£Ȼҵȴһռұ޵Ůӣǹһ㣬ǰȻʧɫ
ŮǼæʩ
ȴֻǷǷһϮ⻬ɫ˿ʳˮ
֣һƣ˹Ծطϲӡ
΢΢һӣȭһߡ
裬ɫյҺ峺ǳ̣˱ǡЦµǰ͵ܳ
յٵߣһڣŵò裡
΢棬ѩ粨͵ķطǼ˵Ѩδô£Ѿصȥ
ɫ䣬ਲ衣
ӣʻȥ
ӵĿԽڴıɴ棬̾ϢԽԽˡ
국ȻҲ㷢ɧġ
Ц͵ӦöЦЦ֪أ˵ϳɣ֪أ˼һΪ㻼̱
Ҳѵġ꽫еĲյ£ˣôˣ
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ʮǰ٣һϦȫͣʱ඼罬Ҳ̶ãһλҽԣһϽضжȫëѪƤã紩Ѫԣ˶Ѫ¡
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˻ҡͷû֪ԴѪ±ҲδֽˣǱҲˡû뵽¸ʮֳ꣬ˣ
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˼˭ֶҩԸһƶ˼ҵĺأ
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ҵ˵һλòŮֻΪٵЦ˼䣬˶֡һ٣㻳ŮӺİйأǾȫˣ
ΪΣ
ΪѾˣ˵ص
ʮǰʿѰƣֵ߰ʮɵĺڶ޾зսԮδϵΣ֮ʱһŮӼͻƣԴȫɱŮˣ亣ݵʱҴ˵տභѪȣʬȺԮ֮ʱŮӡʬˣ
૵ԭλáѪ¡ɱٵģ̤С
ʮǰСһ
û֪ŮӴӺζɽһ޻Ӱȥ޼ͻȻڽϡ
ޣȴϲŭ޳һĶΪаֶκݣΪĳ˶࿴һۣŪϹ˼ҵ۾ҲΪһԿĹ¶ĸ㶾۸ǵȫҡ
켣̶ֻ꣬ȴ𣬿ƺԽǳأԽǾÿģԽ֮ˣԽҪǣԽڷɱ֮УӹԽңڡ
ɱһ˼˺ޡŤЫˣȴڱһ·׷ɱ۶ɺʱŮ콵ʿܶԾսŤתǬ
С񣬵޾֮սΪ˾˽ҲŮ֮Ϊ̤ԼѪս֮Уϼ貨һҶۡ
Һ޹̲Һޣ˼ʹԽΪ׵һɳУӴ˱տڲ̸ѪǶǸ׳ִŮСʾһ˿ľ⡣
ңǰͱ׳ҵִ˵˶Щĳ
һʱԣãӣ˴ɴ
治֪ʱѾɡ
޵˿ʪʯ·ǽߵĽ񻨵ĴӳŵϸӰӱƮҡˮݣµĹţֽˮһоĵˮī
̾˿ϵɽɫ՝ˮɫվǽˮֺ
΢ԴƮ룬ڰ꿡ʵϣָڼմմָϵһʪ˹ţǡѪ¡ȴδ
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ЩݣĴ
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ڶǶʮǰȵׯҹʱͻڻƺܴڽĴȻȻȫׯʮһˣһڣʬǼٻ٣ϿҹδϨĻ֣Ҵļ߲кʬ֤ϵʬ
ʮ֮ǰ򽭼Ϸ޺СһϦУڼн޵ĸŮҲδ⣬˺ܼھʮˣ̱ʬȫںͣߣѽʬһͬ𻯡
ļһׯ϶ׯסΪׯ´Ƨûˡ֮԰ӺϵΪ·֮ǰһĹԶԶɽϣмֵ߽ׯһźܴĴһŵһξͲˣʱΪۻ
ü𣺡деǰֳͷǡͷ­ʿظ
ˡšһ㵽Ǹӣа´壬нũũȻֽŴ׳ȴûһ㹦ʵϣ˶ھ֣еȫͨգƤܶ㣬ͽɱǰҲմ
˼Ƭ̣˴ͨաŲɱ⣬Щ˼֮䣬ûʲôϵ߹֮ͬ
У϶Сһء
üһŶ
ǻûҵ޹̯̯֡
ͻȻһ٣ŶںĴʳָСؽ˿ȥڽ˵ķʹûгʣҲֵۡ
Цѣõɣˡί˵
껺ذѽ£Ȼ˵ҲǿЦѡ
˵Ȼ΢Ц
꣬ѩɫףȻһе̳
Ѿ͸Ĳյ˳֧Ӱɣ
Ӿ漴ڵذϵļˡ̡ſ۾

04

ױ̴עЩ΢¶ţһ裬ӣơ `ɫɣ^崲бƾǣýףЦ̴١
ǳϵġһ顷
ӣơת̴֮Уӻ¡
вʱѵһɣϻС۶
һаƮҡ뵡
ʮһУǻŲΣɡУĸ̸̸£ģɾţ˵ķ
ӣơڰ߲£˽ĴӴ򿪣ѩɫڴڣűɴͻ
һһؿɰ찮ǳ졯ӽһʫΪΨʫʥ䣬
ִԲӣȻ˵ӽһСȴΪ̫׵ġһˮȻȥط˼䡯˼Ѿɡ
ȻȻ޵ȴΪεġĶͥа̦һ˻ҵʿδǰɽԼǳ鼫ˡ
ϣһü޵һ£ᶡһһ۵˸߲ңԽԽ
Ц⼸λ̸飬ȴδ롣
ѩɫò΢΢Цٱ˹
˲Ѱһһң˺ĽһѪ
ȥԶһŹֵ
괩Ż¶£黨Ѿֲɫһ˫˺üЬʮֺͷŵ¶棬һһࣻͷñȻ²ɣɾһԴҷȴ֪ûѻŲм·մ˭ҵļһϿԼûϴ۹棬ѾֲĿʲôˣֻڣбߺ
úݹ֮ʱƵҲǿм۾
󣬸ʮˡЩһУĵʮ꣬Сĸʮξɣ׳Ĳ϶עĿǣˣ˲һƳƳϷֻľͰһѳľףʮԶж˱ǣŻ
Ⱥ˺ƺƵɱڵر
һеŮ˲Ŀӣˣ׷ڱ߱ܡ̵ֺģﵹҹҲҪ췴
ͦɡеļۣӦĵط𣿻ԶЩ
ǵ죡ӹ
̫ͦɡֱ£ƤҶҵˣҵȥš
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˵塣˶Ƥһһ׵ҰˣΨбͷڵķֶ
ͦεɡͦ͡ɡļƲȥ̫ͦɡģһ̵ˣ߱Ҫӵؽţǵţȥ٣
ƤҲᣬпһָۣһɫĻ֬룡ϰ
ѩɫһ뿴ǡ֬롱ˮᦣɫ֣Ȼǡ֬իƤʶ֣ի֣
ֻȺУȣ£غһųӱߣýˣҿľͰǳľҨͰлư֮֬롱˦ȥ
ǡ֬롱ûӦѱġƽ𡱣ϸ˶ʱֺУεɷۡ
һһݹ깫Ӳд˳ָĻ˵ҵҰδ䣬һưƽɹøʵʵ
ﱻѬһͷڴֿ֮ݹ깫ಡܻزҲˡ
ƤЦ۸ӵĻӳǣٶȿ㣬Ҫӣ
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ӣơϵҲ챻ѬˣѩɫֺֺЦæԸشţˣоƤҲ̫ˣôжó
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ƤΪۼѾӳΧһֻƽͰһƽסԾϾԼһվڴβݵ׷䡣׼ͷѣ׶кڡ֬롱ϣǿ޵
ռݵɲˣ֮˺һҲ顱һӰԲƶһһ׵ɽ֮ѩ֮֮װ㣬Ȼȥ
ƤͷһˣЩȻ漴ֻعͷš֬롱˲Ȼ׷ˮӱܣ漫ΪǱŶӿЦ
ѩɫ㲻մأֱӳʮԶʼͣһɫһ£ʱֶԷ϶¡ˣǽһţʹǿСվҲûһüëǶǧĻư֮ȴɹذǱƵĶӡ
ȻϷ紦Ų˱ǵĶجУ·Լ׶ζ
Ӷ·ֺЦС湻ȱµģҴô꣬ͷһμо
ѩɫժһ֦һڱǶᣬ·ǽһĲľ֮جһ㣬ãҡͷ̾ϢýˮĴ󵱼ҷ裬ȻᱻһƤϵñӵû죬֮ϣǸЦ
Ҽǵãȳȥİɣбһۣ˵漴ݣСӣԲģ
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Ǳᣬۿš֬롱౻֭͸⣬ƷһûٴˣƤ㣬̧㽫ľͰºȥɣಡһԾϰЦŴһﳤȥ

05

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һ𣬻ƺһִϣһֻðķʼ֬ʱνܵĻ棬̵硣
ѱߣһݵ꣬һֻմŲľҵ֣ת辡
ۿòˣҲ࣬˺һȣȻʣµĴֻ򵾲ϵλȥҧż˵ǵûطˣ
ǰ߲Զũ͵ϹѸɨ׷źһ˵Ҫȣ̵ģõôҪǿϣǵɣ۲ǳʮֻڸƴ
λдաߺߡԼǱʾ԰û
ˣ˵ôôɫأƽʱߵĶϷĶŮҲˣû죬㻹ëˣûȥͷҵķ椣椶һ㶼ÿСֶ̣ҾͲף㿴Ķˣ
λ߶ˣ̧ͷһۣ˼ҵԶ
ۡһ꽫ͷڡͷϣҾ㰡˵ͷʱɸɹĹ˼Ӿ
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һűӿ᣺ζ㣡ƳŵĿһ˫С۾ʱƷŹ⡣
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ؿǣ֪ôѳɵģһ֣סӹһըȣȻ𣿡
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ˣСӣһɣͦð
ǫصȥ˾Ͳö߲ģ
˸͵شһӣ
ŻĲ͵ͱͬʱһŽ򡣳˶֮ʱ롰һͬſڳȥһŽҪ̤֮ʣ۾ͻȻһͷѾײһĶ棬һ㶼䣬ǶͻȻӿһɴ
顱롰ĽųòݶС
վſڣŶ¸ʵʵһӣһֹصôʲôģͻûأ
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죬ЦԭǷͰλΰ
⡰ԲȡֵܹȻû׳ô֣Ƥô񣡺٣Բȣ⸱ٻǺÿ

06

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Ųˣ˵үүүûãιòתתȥӲȥģ
Ҳ£ӣϻˣϽ˵¡үû͵ǼҵĶҲûǼҵұү鷳𣿡
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ָ㣺Сһʮһɵģûɣ
ֻ۾Ҹˣ켫Ӳˣ
Цһûв´ֻѸ͵İɣָָǵһѼë
ëдѸأ˵ҵģӦ
ȻǿʶŭɫûбǼëԼ̣һɣڳϲ˰ɣ
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ҹʲôܲмԭ֬Ĺ깫
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ڣˮֵǣӦ֪˰ɣ

07

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08

һսͻȻȥҲͻȻ
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Ѿ֮䣬һˣͬĺ棬ǲ֪ѪʲôҺ壬Ȼŵӫ⡣
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һۣ㿴ߵİϣһŤط込䣬ͷ£һ˫۾صһգҲգ
ٿذԴ˻ŵࡰԺֻһͷˣӲˣ֮ǰЩ˵ײֶΣʱ˸¡
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곤һﲻ֣ѵԼԷ١ɱˣ
ԼҲ֪ǲܵģֲ֪ſڶڣס쳤ӣ̽ͷ̽Ե⿴
һĽص

09

ѩĽ棬߹ǵ
ŵͷˣһҪȥǱ΢΢ǰһ£ſڵ϶ҲҶ
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˶ԷģѩɫСһʵĶѲµصĿܲˣôҲû뵽ģȻһͷ
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͵͵ؿ˷ѩɫһۣȻڻƨһţʾλýĴүˣٿ˸
ܻ飬ſĽű߲ˡ
ѩɫƳһۣȥ
Ȼ󣬵֮ǳģ밶˵Ҳ߰ɡŲӴһ¾룬ȥ
ѩɫû˵ֻǽеĽľϱһȡ
˸£ӣ˵ɽȥ
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ѩɫצϮֻ΢΢һΣ˿ȥ
ѽ½ǣȻָץգƫվȣˡһͷ£Խˮ
ѶˮȻصͷ½ϣ֮Уһʱãڿߡ
УͨһҹˮĽһ֮ðͷڳˮƴͷϹˮݣϺ࣬ΪǱ
ѩɫ΢΢һӣҲƣѴӴˮϻ˳ȥˮδڳߵ½֮ϡ
£ˮȻ͵ɷʴףڳˮһô£һߵ۾λὣүүڱϻֲҷֻڵǻˮɳض
һһڰϣʹëˮɽ

10

ѩɫܵԶԶģۿ˰죬ʼ߳ʮ
ҹһƤ겻硣
Ϊǻͨ䣬һ족ʵ˵˾ǸΪ޳ܡߵʱүүǲǿߣװҲνүүǴӹģ֮Ǿϳǰġ
˷ѩɫһǧһ䣬ȴԹԹԵ
ʮһ߲ʬ󲿷ãֵȻѪ߰ߣ۾֣·Ц⡣ұۺҲСӶˣµİߣţǻеѪζŻ
ͻȻüأ׿Ż
㣬ʶ𣿡
̫Ϥ
ҵѡѩɫȻ
겻Եؿ
ɱˣҪΪ𣡡ѩɫӷһƬɱ֮⡣
Ŷ
ԡ
ŵԣһ֪Ķ㣡ԩͷծǴȻΪôһùӵģ԰ɣ
ѩɫһЦǾȡ˵˶滰ˣ
ұ֤䶼ģַ̾ģ秵صλݣ
ѩɫüͷ΢΢һ壬ǿûȥǸʵǡ
ϣҺͻúõЪϢͻȻ֣֮֡һ˼λѡλһ£ǱϹҵλһָϵͯӵͷʬʱͷأܴӣȫǺóԵģҵĽӡƹ۵ؼիĿȡ֦á˷㡭ʵںõó棬Щʳ֣˳򶼲
ѩɫüһ𣺡˵ص㣡
ǣҾͼص˵ֵʮϡ
һߴԴȣһߴţ˵һŵʵ۶ûǴʲôġ˵˵ţҲ֪ʲôˣͻȻͳȥǸҲ֪ʲô裬һľӴＷ˳ȥǲ֪ôģͻȻһӣײȥΪ˶㸫ӣԱȴûͷײһڴ󴸣ֻꡯһԴˣȻֱӰѶпˡǸӡŶ˵λѣôҾûˡ
ѩɫһȣʵûˣ
ûˣҼľǻ飬Ŷ𣬸СһϵûУǡǸӴӴڳȥʱ򣬴ȼݣԻġʵһȻţǻ̫ˣòҵص˳ûôأⲻ͵ù
ѩɫؿһۡ
˵˼Сң۳ô󣬻ûĴأãһģԹӢ۳갡һƣͱСǿһ౶˵⿴·С澭ͨҲͨϣǲŸ߰˶ѧ峵˫ȫԶ׿ʶ
컬࣬ƨһ˺üȻûô
ѩɫֻһ飬ʵȥס죡
ǣϹϾһСľȥǹǮҲҪλ㡢칩ģ
ѩɫᷳɨһۡ
ʶر죺ãҲ˵ˡ
ѩɫ룺Щ죬漰֮䣬䣬Ķ಻ʵصúúʣʵ
ŲԵʬû˵ûףǨŭڼԼԴᣬ̼һЦ̾ϧСĹʵڲãƴҪҲóȥǼɱƴһӵͷˣʮһú
ƴԼ𣬷ѩɫһۺס죬ĵλýĴү̫źӵԴʱʱ̶̿ŵģۻǴЩҪ
תӣΧɳɳĽŲһС·һ˳ʮ´󺺡
Ǽڡɥŵáһݴԣ˳ƹ˼һʯͷ棬ûſȵͷҲ˹
ѩɫߵнˮı־Ǳơ
Щ´ͻȻͣʩ
ڲݴ֮УԶԶؿЩ´󺺿ʼĴѰ̧߷ֵʬ壬ߵظͲߣŵؽϵŵͯӵʬǽߺʬһߣǴףСذǸϺŵʬŪȻǿûյ
Ҳ㲻Щʲô·ܸǶǲˣԣλýĴү˲ߣԽԶԽá
ְѻڻڲݴһһȥһֱʮɣЩҲˣվӣȿ񱼡

11

ڰ֮УҲ淽Ų·һʮǿҲͰˣƫƫҪͷͷ˵Ҳаʮ׳ҲܲˣʵڳŲסˣ·һƬ֣˽ȥ˳ְѻӵݴУԼҲһʵĲѣڵƴ
ֻŤƨɣع
겻ͷػӻ֣ȥȥȥһߴȥ˵ԽԽˣӱ㣬Ѫˣ
ߺߣع
ָ䣺Ҹʵ
ߣߺߣ
˾͸ҹԶ㣡꽫һߣ̵ģ˭ˣ⵹ù£ط۰ֲϣϢһ뿪Ƿ֮ء
ġš
˸ȥǺ󱳻ûճҶٿ۾øһԵƵģͷϵһĨס
½δؼһƬİɫѩɫվһĺ֦ϣеظֹۿԶ죬ˮӺݣȻɡ
ġ־ϰѿڶ
˵һ룬ѩɫĿ磬תһתȻӲһĵЦݣͷ˵Ⱥÿ졭ȡĿ죬
ѩɫ߸ϵظ·ûվڲݴеǸһ
װȴЦ⣺˼ϴţô

ҲæһҹҪ̧ţСĸȣ
ѩɫؿȻ
ϵļⶼЦˣŲӺû˵Ҳû˼һ㷴Ӧе㷢ëӲͷƤ˼Ҫûʲô£Сȸˣ
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СĿ˰
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㣺ʬ׷ˣҪ׷ĻҲԿʲô⡣
߳ɣ͵ۿѩɫ˼ȻϾվװ⣬һӿŲ
ԺͻȻƷ
ȻͷһƿڰԴ
ѩɫеĽʹҹɫ֮УȻųѩҲƵĹâ
꾪ûɢ룬ǰȥ
ǰѽӰΣѩ⻪ҷӦжϡ
ڸ߷ͣƴӣȻôӣǱԺ֮Ȼ˼Ҫɱ׾٣ڣֻè׽Ϸѡģ˵װú˾ӣֶξȻԼȱ£
ţʵڱƵúˣһɣشеӻˣɱӣ
Ǹͷѧģ˼õʱԼԴһשͷѪȻƺУ˵Ļ滹һ䡰ɱӣӡƣȴáｭ磬Ǽϵӵġ
ѩɫؿأ⡣
ҹ֮ʣһûЩӴյȥʱŵһ亹ſڵҲˣ

ѩɫһȻϼ²µӣ
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û뵽źޡĴˣȻ֡ѩɫ¶ɫֻѣǶһƤҲԸڳԡ
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챧Թѩɫһȴûνֻ΢΢̾˿
źޡһּϳ˵Ṧ˵УΪһλž޵Ů
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λŮھпԼĲԲ԰׷пԸ֮࣬ΪԼеʮֲֵһŭ֮£ɱ˸ɸɾֶ̫̣ŭеļ֣׷ɱÿζߡڻɽۣ֮Ů׷ɱ֮һ֮󣬼ȫŮҲӴ˲֪ա
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ʵһɣƤľͰԾɺ´ֻѾС¶һṦֻЩѧмʵǳ֮ͨҲǿȥҵʱֻڱߣ˭Ҳû˼ȥ
ղýȫӣŷõİƿṦȻϼ²еġźޡеѩɫϡ
ֻϧһƮݡĴݵľȴƤõǱ²ˣɣ
ϼ˲ŵ㣬ôƷ书˵΢ˡֹǵ΢ֱǱ֮ھ磡ջһ׶ṦȴϢ֮ᣬܼʹñţ
ˮƽŵϸͨƦåܣһһû⣬һܴһһֻߵķֶ⡰źޡôҲϳṦٲãûġȻǰǶԷ书£˼ҹԸֻ׸ˡ
ǲףƤʲôˣȻѧźޡţҲϣ漣ƾ£ˡ
ãȻؿ˷ѩɫһۣЩʲôԷýԼĲӣҲһ߶һڵ
ѩɫ̧ͷɫֳһǰףѿˡʣߣ
ȥĶ
ѩɫҲ𻰣ֻýλһָ
ֻһɺ͸Ѩ룬Ȼֱͣޱȣ鲻Խ˸£ʹ߾ִ˸ʲô
㬵رż磬ǰС
ǻŲСȣƨƨߵظߡ

12

Ȱףδؼһɻɫ䡣
ݵĹٵϣѾ·ˡ
·һǴƬ֣ǰĿյϣһ̣żªӣ°żγſڻڴð
ִŹǷȥѲ̣վʱ鲻Խ۾
ٵǱߣ֪ʱӰһȺˡ
һӱδ󺺣ԼаʮˣųɫװɫҲ̻¶⣬˾񣬸⺷
м䣬ǰƥ񿥵ĺԯ泵겼ǵϵģҲ֪װʲô
ֳڹٵϿ꣬ʶ㣬һ۱ƳȻϽ鲻ѱ϶ǾۣӦʲôЩһ㲻۸СˣԵ´ͣǰʱȻԾȴ̫¡
´ǲû֣Ǿֱ˹ٵͣǰ棬Ȼһ˴ӳóӿʼ񣬺ܿһƬյأж£ȥȻѵأȻ࣬ȴɣûãдһ
̵֣޺ּ˵ɫʮֶĿȴۡ
͸϶ֶǶҿ棬ܹ죬ȱʵС
Щ´麷ҾÿĿ˻еոˣҪưˮ㿴·ľˡ
һѩĿ꣬üĿ㣬ݾףѩɽ֮۵һĨơ
һؤ꣬Сһ£¶ֺЬ֡ŵȴ¶Ƥڣʲô
վһ𣬼̵ֱĶԱȣ
ж߹жͼ
жྻжహࣻ
жжª
ǣǸֽྻָ߹꣬ȴƫƫվǸֵͼְࡢֳªؤһͷͷƤë⻬ǰ׺Ǻڣȥؤɾ
ٴ۾Լûп̲ס̾˿
ͬʱؤƤԶԶǰڵҲ̾˿
̵ģ춼ˣװİ´үһҹ˵ֶֿϴˣ
ŵ͸ʳθҲ˼Цڨǰӣ˼ҪҪЪЪţ
ѩɫǰ¶һ޵Ц⣺á
Ӧʹ죬ĳϣһ֮󣬺ܶɵΪ˼ֿҪԼ
ѩɫûǾٲеȥ
Ƕĺɫֱֹĥĥظ˹ȥ
ɢĳ´󺺣ضŷѩɫʩ񣺡㹫ӣ
ѩɫ΢΢Цڷ񣿡
Ϊ׵ĳ´󺺴Ͼ͵㹫룡
ѩɫšһֱȥ
ಽظں棬ƣװүԭʲô蹫ӣͦѧʣӣҲԼôСȥ
ѩɫطԸȡ
һת̴Ӧǣ
ȣޣҪĵ㣬ǿӱ˴أ
ѩɫĿϬС˼۵ףȴҲ⣬ֻ΢΢һӣ㲻ԣֻǣñץץһΣ㿳һ֫塪۴ŶԷλᣬξͿͷ
һü˳۵ЦСĸܣõΣֻҪץһΣȰСһȿˣ´Сľֻܵˣ˼ҷģСľͶſڣ֤˼һͿ
˵ϣȷѩɫԸ˿鲻۵ĵطһְֻϥϣֱͦĿбӣҪжء
СȻҲʶʱ񡣷ѩɫƳһۣ߽
ڵϣĥܵķֻλүĹҲ߯ƾԼôҲܲģοҪŻҪӣһıȫ֮ߡ
г´󺺾ɭϣڷѩɫ£Ͳĸ͸ˡ۶ˣλүץʲôأ
Ǳᣬڽҿڵɢͷζ˳Ʈ֣
Ķӣ¿ˮҺö
ǻſߣĹĥţĺ
Ҳ˰̾ҿЩ´󺺸ûԼߣȥ԰ӣŻȥ
ʱѾ·ˣϲ͡
·ҰҲûʲôöǴƵĲ˰ӡСࡢѼ輦̲˸ɡ֮ģȴ˳Եýζ
˹ȥϲô
࣬ϱ˱ܣͭǮһ
һ

һͭǮһȥ
ֵ
ûҲּۻ۵ģҪǿղλͰСӸϳȥˡСлʵӰθڡ
Ҫͭӣ
ֽմһ̰ӣصһţȥʢࣺȥȥȥңûæģ
úúãææ򻹲ת֮ʣ½شƮߡ
ʢ࣬عͷŷֻһ̣ȴѾˡ

13

ιվס
һץסļͷȻæɿ룡·ö೤ʱûϴˣһѶճ֡
ڵػع𣿡
ó
꾪ȵصʲôӣ㲻ǲô
˵ϵİӣֵ֣Слӿֻ֣ѰӲĶأݰͰ͵ģҲزһ̰ӡοǸճȰӣϻƤ˰
ΧҿҲӵȥڷˣѰûҲŪ಻ܳˡػӻ֣ȥȥɣԶ㣡
˵ءŶһ򶨵ŷƵ߿ˡ
ٵͷλаʮɣ˳Źٵһֱܣôô˵Ļᱻ´үһ첲һȵġ
˸ԹԵػص֣ͷ֣ƲƲ죬˸ελãˡ
ûһС鲽ƨƨߵܹҧһĹҵ಼ӡ
ӹӣٺ١һЦ
ֻڴϣƽʱй䣬ʲôóԺĶ˲ע⣬˳ߣֽѶüΪҲþѵת﷽ϼá
ڣֻڴаӣ˳͵ļѼҶ
Եýζһ´߹õص!
ʲô£Ƶվ
´ؿС߯ĶˣӼ͵ͷԸǶצӲɣ
˶Է񣬵ͷвҧڵİӣȻ򣬼æݹҶĵص磬룡С͵ǿԭһڳԺڰڶ
Ǵ󺺰ن£죬ƴؽŪǶɫǰ棬˴ˡ
껹ûŪף㱻˽ȥļˤ˵ϣǺĳë̺ˤõҲʹ
һѩɫ˵ˣ
ſڵ̺ϣ̧ͷȥ
ʱѴĹߴʶ촰͸룬ĳ衣ûʲôʶҲǶʲôֻԼãĶƺֵơ
У˾ݰߵλ´үұߵһһˡ
񣬷ᴽĿ״羲ŮȻͶȴֲʧӵʺˬһϮɫ£һ˿סԵƮݻ
ϣϮ±Ծŵһ棬öĿ
ϧϧôһ绨ˣƫƫͷûëҲ֪ͺưǺСˣ͵Ǻкˣ
ӵֺõصʦãӷ𣡡
ºĵƳһۣʲô֣
С죬һҡ
ѩɫ˵ҹˮġԲȡֵܱ㶼ˣ
شʦĻСĲ֪ѩɫͽˮʲô˵Ƕֵܵ£Сĵȷǿһ֣Ѿλ´˵ˣһұϹϾػشΪǵˮ©
ºһһң֪ƾղǾ仰ҾͿԸͷ
һһСġ֪ԼѾСˣѵľ仰˵ˣ
Աһ´һţСӣӷ㣬Ϊѩɫʴȣź
ƨɽԩ治ʶλ´үԼ⣬է֣ѩɫӣ
´󺺱ĵȻպķѩɫӶʶ㻹ǻ콭ģ
һҿʵСһֱڽĴûأ룺ƨĹл򣬶λ´үвźۼǰ;
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һȻ̫ȴʵǸʲôźޣṦ֪ģ׺ԼʲôϵˣƺѩɫүҲ
ѩɫɫαʵϣʱõṦ˭̵ģ
Ṧ𣿡һеãȻҵʱֻ˵ôܱȽϿ죬͵˼Ҷʱȡ
ԣѩɫºӿЦµġźޡȻ͵ʱ·ϣ
հף
հɣһ룬Ҳȷ
ԭСӿ͸ʵɵȻʲô֪ºʵ㸸׽ʲô֣Ҳĥһ֣ģ
ûסһҵ˵ΪҵҲˡԣΨһֵܣһҡ컨žǸ
ºһüѹСɵԭǷӣȻߺӣĸ͵޴ԹʣĶ
һҲü֪ھ˵һľ˽ˣҺͻҲûҵ
СӽôôأѩɫüͷҲסˣʵʲôط
һʵﻹǹŹ֣ߡźޡ书Ůˣ̺͵ľ˽¡ʣ
Ϫ
Ķ
һҴҾͲ֪ˡ
ȷʵǲ֪׺ĸ׾סĵط磬ֻ֪ǳƧλڴɽĻ֮Уи֣Ϫ

16

ȻСƫƧɽ峤󣬵һȴ͡Ӻһ߶մΪʵƢŹ֣˵ĸĸΨֺѧƺΨֺѧСһͷ˿֪ˣһٺô򡣶һ۸ˡռ˼ҵıˣüЦʳԽ
һԽǲѧá͵۸ˡ£ԽˡΪúӻˮ䱾ܶϡŹֵ֪ʶһ͵ѧҲЦطǿ
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һҵƽʱҲͻȻʧʮµģȻĪػߵʱȽϳҲûӰ˵ľ˽ˡ
£һҵĵ¹Ϊڲͬǵ˽£мָˡûḶ́ܽлȥǸĵط!
СõʱܻὲһЩڽ£ССУŶǸطö⣬νȥһҪ˳ȥǸ
˵һҪԶУƽ·̳ＯһЩ̲ú־ǧĴԺñٻСط̫ˣ
ĻУһҰѴһǣżΨһĻСġ컨뿪С壬̤ããĽ·
ֻǽͲ֪
һ·ĻһƾŴСµĵӣȴҲûԹʲôֱùλ´үʲôţŶˣѩɫ
һѵ˵ʵϧѩɫºȴš
ºָߵһң㻰ʵش˵һѻҪһָ
һίһֱ˵ʵģ
Ա´󺺹˵һ̵ڵأ֮һ첲һŲסһʣĵָϿգʱ׼ָ
һŵöͷðιιιһһʦɱ˿ֵģ
ºб𣿡
Ȼ°ⲻϻֵԼָ磬˭˭°Ӵ˵磬ѵ˰ֿǧ£
ѩɫ΢Цһ¡֪һȻթˣȴֵСֻҪһŻʲôС
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ĶϵȥӴҸ첲˵ʵʵ֮ǰһЩˣǵŴ綼࣬Ҳ֪ǲһġ
ѩɫüһŶ
һֲŶͷϵĺ룺ȻЩ˺ײУʹʦҲأüëȰǰĻȥ˵
ö⣬ݣ
ѩɫºͬʱ
һǰСĳ˴·һطͣϢʱ򣬷ֶһȺɱһȺˣɱŮȫУɱ˵һȺˡɱӵЩ˺񡣡
ѩͺºжһۣɫ֣ѻ˵
һҿЦҡʵ˵
ǵģȷۿǳɱֹʱڶɴе˶ˡ
ǣȴ֪һΪʲô֪ǺʱҲ֪ʱġΪڱЩɱ߷֡ϴ󱻷ɵ֮󣬱㼰ʱˡ
ȻҶѪĽ֫ɡҵĺСʬǵɳ̲Ȼجоѡ
ԣһЩ˳ֵʱ̱µЩ˶ɱԼġΪɱˣԣǱҪɱڣ
Ƕֵܱɱֻǵùǡͬһʱ䣬Լ鷳ѡ
ֻǣ仰ȴԲ˵⼸λүһŭ֮£ԼλֵǾͿˣ
ͻһʱڶɴϵˣֻҲΣյúܡ
˵Ǹط
һҡҡͷֻ֪ڻϣصͲˡҼǵǸطȻˮ治ܿˮܼụ̂ǵĴڰ߲ԶέУ顭ڶ԰ɳ̲ϡ
ºһƣûĵͼ
һ̣һ´һƤݵϡ
ºнͼչѩɫͬ
һұ˰ڵҲʵ쾱ϿϧӲʲôҲ
Сˮ̳֮ܣˮ߰ٶʮ۶ɽ̲̣
ºڵͼָţ̧ͷһңԸ
´ɿ֣վһߡ

17

һҴӵݺݵһۣϵȻ׳ŵӴյǰ档
ѩɫºͬʱһۣʶȤ˿һЩԶƵͼǿ˰죬Ҳʲô۾û˵
ºвҡҡͷѩɫҲ̲ס̾˿Сåֱ̫ûˣ
˼ҲεʧһȻƤ޺Ҳе𣬱ҲǺܷϲģҼǵǴẻϵĴӦȥǼù£ϴɱˣ־˳ŴߣһҼͷ㶼´ˡ
ѩɫָŵͼ£صẻ£Ҽнһٶʮˮ·˳˳ˮĻһ͵ǳ˵ʲôжˣ
һҵһľϳҺͻʮһˣһϴ󣬲ɱˡ
º̷Ը£ȥҴ
;ˮ·̲գٸڲĿʹϣͨ˴ϴ󣬻Ҫ䱸ҡֹƶ湤ȵȡֻһ˲۵ģˮϾḻϤִĴ˽͵͵ؿ͡
ѩɫʵǵĴ뿪ẻ£ӳµص㵽Ҽ˶೤ʱ䣿
һϸһ£îʱẻе;УһŮ˵ҪС⣬Ǵͽһˮέïĵطʱͷչͷ·ϴԼʱǴﵽҼԼһʱҡ
ѩɫ˵ģһ£ָƤͼĳһ㣬Ӧþλø
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ңǴֻճбؾˮλһ֧ɽ䴦ɽնΧụ̂ԣȷʵǸɱ˵ĺõط
ѩɫšһ
صĺɱ֡׮ŲҰˬġԲȡֵܱ̲ɱ߻кܶδֵİӡ
⿴Ʋɵĵһ¼ͻȻһ𣬽һģЩɱֺͲпᡢȴѲɱַ
Щɱִʲôأ
Щ¼ı־ʲôأ
ǻɫģʪ䣬ͥԺŨŨİΧһжԵúʡ
ŴţûйߣԵѹֵúܣֻԼԼ˵
˵ĶϢмˣȴľ
ã˿˿ڣͳˮ졢ѩǡͳ죬ڳ磬Ĵ֮Ѿ뵽֮У
ǣһ߸ӹ
֣ĴΪףнˮ𶫷ͳ춫߰ٶʮ󲿽ˮ·һֱǿӹܼҵȥĶţʵľ۲š£ˮԶ⣬ʮغհҵ뷽ҵͳжϢϢأ
Ϊƺʵˣ֮ڵ޲¡Ұףԡտմʦ߽֮ѩǵѩɫཻ
ѩ۾ϷľӪεĳһɫͷˡ仨ǧѩΪ˵͵ƺϲ¡Ĵ֮У͸ģѩǣƾĿǰе鱨Ȼ޷׼ȷѩǵʵǷҵٳ˳ѩɫӵķѩɫΪнšȻԺգϲһһָˣѣߣ
ĴҵһңѷǳѲοһأңӦһļ̳߽ΪĪ档ĴѾôֻºܿҲֽȥˡ
֮˵ָߵ̴εη֣˼Ƭ̣ص飬ҹȥɡ
˵ҹһƺţ㶵һ䡣
ҹѾˣ˳ʡ
м΢һҡͷһ˵ܾţ
˼ǣεҪҹ졪ڵĻС⣬󡭡
ܰ£ܰµģֻҹмһ˿㱣ƺʲôȻΪ˾̾˿
ӹẻҲǱؾ֮·ȴһ·ֻǴ˴ɽվΣӿˮļǽ·½·ǳУΣأԳ˼˴ֻһ·
ҵͱ£һ̲
̲ɰέïʢˮЩǣĻߵʯƵĭȶѻ㱻ڵĽˮɢˡ
խĽŝˮɽ«έƮҡƲױһ㡣
ЩҰɫƺ̫ܵͣȫûƲֻʵĻơ
ѩɫ̲һϣԣİ£Ʈѳֱ˷ȥ㡣
һվ̲һߣһӷ磬ֱۡĶˣλүʯͷϷ裬·紵ܣοץԼ汳
һ߸̣һ߶ˮ۾̫ùԼλүץ˵ʣҲǸ´˿µˡʡ
һȻթҲо켶ģζùѩɫºϽев£۵ĵСѾʲôˡΪ֮ûԼʲô£ʹʦԷһ·ˡ˭ϵѩɫֱͬɵأٴλصجһɳ̲֮ϡ
ϰ죬ѩɫƺȻûҪߵ˼һҺһ䣬ȴֲ̫ҡλүǿڽ治ˣġ
·һƬ֣һǮүϷүͰˡʵǸǮүҲͰǹƵڵأ˺·ѣ˲·°ϴһʲôϣԼ򳤼ֹŮƨأҪǸλү֪ˣöְ
ţү̫壬һԼְȰԴס
ں˼룬ǰӰһƮѩɫѾվǰ

18

һЦʲôԸ
ѩɫʵ˵Ŀط
һҡūϥصʱǵĴڶƬ«έţ龰վλãһñӴ̽һӵѣһһͰԴˣǿԴ뽭ʱ۾촽ᶯأ˵ʲôģͷ佭ʱüԊLĶ鲻Խ˸䡣
ѩɫ΢΢üƤСӵ˵ʱǳңֻǡΪʲôûأ
ڽ̲ϸ飬ɳɰʯˮݡż֮⣬ɱĺۼ
ûʬ壬ûкǣȻûѪ⡪ɱ¾Źȥһ£Ȼΰܰеϴӵ˸ɾô
ֻ̺ǲ̣Ƥԣʱ̲ʬźŮٵģûһ٣ҲаʮΪһûκ˷ֲ
ңЩɱʲôˣٿˣƾճ⻢£Ǵӽˮ촫Ϣأû˿һˡ
ڣҰó˵һĴֻȻҲʲôôֻжƤ˵ˣпǵɡ
һȴûôֲ࣬ʫ״ϽˮпڴԻдú
äƫƫ׾ʱʱҪＸ䣡ѩɫһۣǸɱͷĶģһ顣
ǣһҹ˳صʱŵôһתôһãǸԴͷˡϥš˫յӭһն
ѩɫšһϵеһУײϡ㲻ʲôؼڽܹ㡣
ƤԲֱŵû£ܰһмסģµʱλҲȻе㲻ײ࣬ҲѾܲס
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һԼҲòԾڽ̲϶֣ôʲôûˣ
ʱȻŵðһԺ侳ûյĽſ־壬еϸڶֳ
һïݣƵصһŮ˵ĸ첲ݿϻһֻӣھȻûˣ
һţҼǵֻȥˣϵ׹ӹ֦ϣôҲأѵˣ
߿һʯͷиָͷʯ죬滹źôĽָҲˣ
ѩɫۿڣƳ߿ʯͷɫȻ΢΢һ߹ȥϸ˿ԸһƬʯͷ
һҽпࣺǰɣضʯͷС֮ĶȾ֮Һ˵ʲôӡ׹ӡָģ϶˰ˣƣҲʲôûҵ
ѩɫҲϻֻǽַĽϣĴָһ̿ڣѩɫһʴ
ʲôãһ̱죬ȥʯͷ
̲ϵʯͷдСһʮ飬ѩɫŵˣ
һֱһ߲һص㿴ʯͷȻʲôûУˣΪǿϧЩ鱦ΣõܻܶóԵĶأͻͿʲôʲô
Ϣ֪ԣ˸һˣѵҲôѩɫôţ΢΢һССĻȣ˭˵ûУ
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Щʯͷڽ߲֪꣬紵ɹˮ壬صһ͡һǲͬģȻ첻ԣϸĵһ֪
һʯͷ棬п⣬һƬʯͷ˹ǱǿġڷʯͷУЩʯͷۣʣвʯ϶ɫѪ
Ѫ۵ʯͷ棬ɱ¾ĺۼģȻֻ֡
ģɱ֮ʬǺģϸĵֳãԵбı
ͬĶʲôˣشƤһ֮вΪݡ
һҡҡͷҲʶ
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ǶңҺͻڴβԶԶġߵﶼִϰˣ
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÷֣ѩɫ֡ȥطһˡ
Ǹˣϴ֮󣬾ŴġҼǵãϣһͷɫϻ
ѩɫĬˡھ֣ˣԶھ֡
ʶ㣬ΪḻһɫỢ֪ǹԭھֵı־ھͷ֣ʹºűǺڻ죬ԶھɫỢΪǣϣı
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ھͷ֣ھڷò֮ʱɱھʮˣӵԼͷ
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ѩɫͻȻһ
ھֵ˵ʱڴϣôھֵĲҰ᲻ⳡɱйϵ
Уڰ´ĴʬϣԼۼЩŵɱַԼɱǼɱ֣Ȼʮֿ϶ǰ´ߣַһٿԶ϶ϵʱסˡСƤǶľϵɱ֤֮һ
ҰȻɱַһеıеǶеαװɱȴȫֺ֮ţƺ᲻ɣȴעⲻ»ڡ
ˣһֱΪ⼸֮ĳֱȻϵ⼸طϵĶɿͣôǼ֮Ĺͬ㡣
ǵñ𣿡
һҲͷĵһҡҡͷǲˣϴ˶δеŻ£еͷۣԺ˵ġ
ѩɫһͷ
ǲҲûйϵֻҪһ£Ű漰Ķھ֡ȵׯ´塢򽭼ܼҡĹ϶˭һǰԶţẻػ¼ɡ崦Ȼûл£ⳡ̲ɱƽʱ͸¶Ϣһ򴫲٣ܻᴫ˵Ķġ
ѯ֤ʵƶϣô뽭̲ɱΪһӣ

19

ңǼį룬ǹӥջͨƱɽٹƱɽߡݺͽʡŸʮصĹٵ
һ᫵ҰڲڻĲ֮С
ҵ֡ͷţӿΡŨѩɫض͵Ԯϣڴְ֡
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ۿѩɫѾתǰɽ䣬ӰѱɽڣһҴ󼱣еЩСĸϣ
ϵԼܣȻýˡȣʵҲǲӣһ˼书ǿôӾܲǰǸºпˣ˵ԼˣͰѻ˺աԣ˵ʲôҲøλүȥȻѻ
ѩɫĻشֻüӿ춯ò׵ɽѩɫվһ¸Զسһ˵ϣ׷ˣ
˴ߣѩɫ߶ѻƣ΢΢ü̫ˣ֮ǰܷƱɽǾֻɽϹҹ
ʵҲ̫̫ˣһҿʵΪʲôһҪɽڻǲʡö𣿡
ѩɫȻ
ȻûҪƤΪЩɱֺߣܱܿ·еҵġôһߺɱ֣Ǵˮ·̲ӦдֻҲֹһҡ
ȻһҵУûῴĴֻ
λүһƢ󣬲ˣһҲ⡣ڵϴ˰죬Աߵһ֦קҶӣϱ˱ȣоϸ̸֣ܳ
ѩɫϢѶС
һŹȸں棬·˺ܶ࣬һ⣬
Ƚúܴ֣Ƽ£Сǰϸϸüë׵ۣø𡣡ּתŮƼ£ūǰǽĸۣūҡ
б߳Ų֪ѧٵ裬֣ûעȵһʯһ˳һ¹ȥ
һҡӴһӹգץҪץɵùǣ߾Ȼ͹ʯͷûУһЩҲݸܲסءˣҪˤȥҲˤɲзϡ
ھ֮У첲ͻȻһһֻ׵֣ס
ָֺֻ޳ָ׹޼ú࣬Ƥϸ壬ϸһѩ׵ӣ˳ȥһſӢͦݣĽüڵ۾ҹǣ߸ߵıӣ˱Ĵ翪±ߵǶҰǾޱĻꡭ
Ÿ߽忡һҺȻе㲻һβĳԲλĸо
ǵһľѩɫأǰԼߡţȻһƢãͰνҪͦÿġ
϶һҵĺѩɫٴü
С̫ˣûϴɾʲôʱʲôʱࡣϵ۹һ㣬ɫֻ֣ϸָһֱ们ȥ¶ֱۣȫǻ⡭
һӶûϴɣܰԼô࣬治ף
ôһˣԼץ󣬸ף
ѩɫָɽϣ΢һڿգһɽȻڵϡ
һڵϣһܾ߰СĸΣһߵллľ֮
ѩɫšһӻóһѩ׵˿˲֣Ȼһɣ˿˷ȥ
һĿ䵽ɽ棬Щίر˱죬ٴĬĬظβٵΣʵʵһһӡٶȴˡ
ѩɫЩͣڵṦȻǰӶṦôҲͨٶҪ졣
ôãǶ˵ʲôźޡṦԼ֪ء
ѩɫĬȻƬ̣͵͵˼ҵͷһȺ׷㣬׷ͻ͹ٰӡ
δ䣬ಡһһѾڳȥüԶ
û뵽仰Ӧô󣬷ѩɫ̿ЩЦæװµ㲽ƣȥ
һұܱ߿˵Ṧûһ˵Ϣˣٶ
ѩɫ죬԰ٻѨ룬µﻺ۳һţϢ澭ߣ㼯ӿȪ죬۸ʲô
һ۵ֱţٶɽ·治ϰߣûעԴײһ
㶮ʲôǵʲô澭ѩɫʵ˵һҵģֻĵϢ֮СӸԼҲϻˣûʱ㿪ʼ̵
һȴûʧ֪̹ң
ǽ̹ˣɴûúؼҲûǱ
ѩɫͷ˵ĴϢȻķӡ
һ죬һࡣִϢķ̹ģֻ̫ˣԼֻ˲һסܳȥ¸үҵ̴ȥˡҲûܣԼġ
λƢĴүĻ˵ᰤᡪóԵĶǰ
һߺĥһ߲ԶУʱԴǿСûˤ˺üͷʹ֮¼ȡѵרŲ࡭

20

ѾȫˣԽԽأѹͷ
ɽ紵죬·ӰżҹУ̴١
ңңأѩɫŶһƮҡĻӰĿȻںڰ֮УȻԿһջš
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ջţ͵Ʊɽɽ֮ͨ˴ĹٵĳǳݡһۣƾԼĽų̣Ѿݳˮԡ֮һˬӣˡ
ͬΪһҵĹϵҲҹɽɽ·Ͷͣﲻ壬ٸףǿɾ̫Σˡ
ֻɽͶһҹ
ѩɫһ·˳Ŷȥ
˶ɽ·һ۵ðҲûȥһ䡪˼Ҳ
ɽµ棬ּǵƻһݣӳڷľ֮䡣
һջ
ջܼªֻ㣬ëԭľɣȻǰҹ֮УԿɿջЩ¾ɣࡣ
£յһȺɳŵȥشתƵĹϵľңдšջʳɺɫ
ջſţŴ϶͸һƬɫĹ⣬ܵȴů
ѩɫһҸǰһСҴӭ˳Цݣ͹٣룡ӭС
͵úܿнͨŵҲ¥ݣݶϣ¥ͷһ̨̨һ̺һЩ̳ӣһƵƹз۾ڹ̨棬п˹٣Цݿ䡣
ȥջܺãõӣмӻţ඼˿ˡ
ѩɫĿתԵɨһȦֱŵӣĽժַϡһҵȻ֮վš
СϾֵˮһźϴ֣һڵص͹٣õʲôСʵɽҰζԼĺþƣн糿ŴɽĽ𣡡
ǵֵĲɣ˳ʰһͷ
ֻҪһ䷿֣һȴҲҷʡ
ΪˣõĴ𰸰˳ǣ񷿡ǡţѣס˵Լȥ˯éޡޣ
ȳɽ裬Ժ͵Сһ裬Ȼȥ޷ˡ
ѩɫغŲ衣յĲ豭ɽЩ࣬ˮȴк֮Ҳζ
һҲڿˣ۰Ͱ͵ؿŷѩɫȻ˼ҾͺûһűϸƷʡֻغ͵һ첲ϴֽĻҪһˮ˹˵غȥ
ܿ죬СĸСˣ˿ٲˡɽöĢ㡢빽һ׾ơ
һҿֻһ֪꣬ûԼķˡʵС꣬ҲҸѩɫһ֪λ´үܲԼѺԼһߣʵ޿κΣҲүǰա
ѩɫ᲻ԼһҸͲںΪػԼ̵زˣҲΪһСȥˡ˵Ҳǲ𰡣
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Ψһŵ֪֮죬֪ʲôǲģǿǰβˣ͵СͲ󣬵Ʒ˶ӣôƺУ죬ƦƤоӣСå
뵽ΪǼӣҪѺ޳֮ߺܳ·ѩɫ̾˿
һҰͽУĨĨ
ҳķóԣ׷Ŵζˡǣަ׷ڸлһɬȽʺϷŽѼ֮Ĳ֬ʲô쳣ζûˡ
ڲ޵ʱзܺùûСǸ֪ûбúι˵һֱأ
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תͷѩɫ˹òֿͣſȥķԸ

21

Ա˾ͰټģְһһشǷΪ˴ʱ䣬۾Ĵп
ߵλӣһӺһ׳߳Աģɽ˺ɽԻΪһűƤּۻš
Ŀ˴ɫԼʮ꣬īףѧʵӣһѺҩѧӦλС
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Ա֮£۵ֻ۸ղ˳ԣ˲θڻҪһң
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߽֮ˣͨԾơˡˮȻӱ⣬ȴע⵽׷һƿҩ׷ˡѩɫᣬȴϽˣΪǻҲûָᶾֻǲϷŹκλѡ
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ģѩɫӻ˵Сӣȴаŵý
н֮ˣͫһЩֵĽɫѪ˿ƾСӳԵķ鶼ǻƵģڣһ˫۾ڰ׷жģ

22

ʹԽԽģŤ֫߹££ͷ½欵صСܵܣ׷ó𣿡塣
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羢꼱ȫʪ͸ˣһֱ¡֪ѩɫԼൽȥһƬãȻ

23

֮УѩɫͻȻ㣬Ԩsţֽһڵϡ
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һ֮󣬷ѩɫƿĿ⣬ݻָȻǧĴ쿴һʪܵͷڷѩɫĺת

24

һܶʯͷι״ᾣǧ˰̬Ȥ
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һһͷҷеĵطŽᣬеķţ·࣬ʪֱɣӵͰͣ˵굹ǰñȽϸɾˣ¶һİµϵȻڣȻеĵطҲ¶Щļ֮壬֬һȻĿȻд򣬵ٿȥвҲ̶õĸоˡ
Ƿˣܰһúõġ࣬ҲΪܡһһƷӣ

25

һŶӣһֻվеˮһʰιëŻһͣ硭
ѩɫһ·Ȼҹð꼲ۣδƫٷ򣬴˴ӥջӦò̫Զ
·ɡ
Ŷ
һ˼ֲķŹϵͣһʯͷֻеҵˡ
ɽ󣬿ʪɽߣһ·ˣɫףȥɽּһ
β˼ҷԸһҲ֪ô·ҿ졣ڷѩɫĺ棬רпŻĵطߣһ·ȵ
ѩɫüŴݻҲžһϵĵϢһ֮ԿžҲмԣֻëᣬȻǲɾҩģ
һұ߱߿ϷȥġʳʵڶˣʵʲôʱԳԵ㶫
Ʊɽеطò͡Ǹʱ㻹Ļ
ʲʲôһЩԾλүǹɽҪԼ˰ɣҲ̫ʵˣ
ɱ֣һжʧˣ֮ô
һҵȻǲҪģѵ˼𲻳ɣôǳҲˣǰ׳
ѩɫһۣ㵱˶һС
һڨڨЦǡǾ͵Ȼᣬʼڶжɱֱһ˲꣡
ү˼ǲòãǽɽڣûգֻҪڣܱߺߣүүӱȽӣֻҪ㲻ꡱӣһ죬үȣȻã
ǰ治ԶǹӥҪȥƱɽӥǱؾ֮·
һͣƬ̣Сʵ˼˵Щˣйӥĵطǣ
һҲܱ
ѩɫԴؿһۣҲЩˣҲбˡ֮϶һƴ
һҳüصҲװΪʲôһҪɱǡɱ㣿
ϵ£ô˵ԭġ
ѩɫԼҲף˭˼Ѫ¥ɱԸߡһԼȻ壬һȴʡġţѪ¥һֱԼٸɣôҲܷˣô
ͻȻٲǰǹӥˡ
һҶȥֻ͵ɽʲƣʮɣһջջգֱ۴ϸľ壬Լĳߣ֣ɽǿ岻סҡ֮ߺᲨ
һҵǽһӴҪǴϵȥ¾һģ
ŵն񣬵˶óֻҪȹŵʱն˾͵ùλˣ
ѩɫݣʵ£
㡭ѵ£²Ź֣ţ˭ģ
ҲҪҲҪʲôã
ҡһ¡
һӶ˵ЩǷϻ
߹ȥ
һŭĿӣΪʲôȥҪɱ˾ֱ֣赶ɱһףô
ãҪɱ㻹ɱң
ɱ!شնȻΪҸһģҲŹҵġ˼ְţһϾ
ԣҪȹš
ҪһŭӵնŶûУ
ѩɫúΣûֻҪǸСڲϣ˵ʲôǿ
ѩɫջűϵһûбƻܺãԼһֱӰѽһҵĲϣҪôţҪô
һ־ŭȥģ
ѩɫҲգֻǡһ˽ʡ
ǰѽӳųգ߹ǣ̼һҾһС㣬۾ҲǷâε
ֻֻסӣ˵תջȥ
ѩɫ̲ס΢΢һЦȻ۸һһе㲻̫ã˭һӲأǺǣŵ㣬Ǿν֮
ߵջűߣһͷףŶΣ뵽ܻߵһʱű˿ϵȥ;ĸξֻźԼģ˵ʲôҲ̤ȥ
ѩɫʳָڽϵһ£
һ֪ǾԼأҧҧ۾̤ջš
ջͻȻ̻ܵε
һҾûɢˣſ£Ȼûŵӣȴ
ͷ˷ѩɫһۣʹصˣ
ѩɫҷӳ˫ں֪ͫô΢΢һ£תͷءšһ
ҲǸɶˣչҼһƽʱڳԵľУι̫֣Ȼ˶ٰˡ
ѩɫʧЦģͷˣҾȺպóԡýһջŵʾ͡
أӶԲ㣡
һҲɵ飬ֻÿɥ֫ŵǰȥŻλƣİȫ㣡
һǰУһߵսľĥɱ֣ôһ
ŵȻʡµģһ˵õģôЩӦŵһͷֻ֣ԼмʱǿšĽȻܿ£ԼֻҪץס֣˵Ͳȥˤ
ѩɫΪʲôԼȹȥأֻΪԼͷӵģţΪɱҪɱҪֻҪţɱ־Ͳῳѩɫȥţǻɱƨ
ô˵ԼΣգڹ֮󡪡չҲᶯ֣Էѩɫװû룬Ȼɱ۶һˡ
ԼҪӦźãֻߣ඼Լ񲻸ûˣ
°£Ҳ벻⣬ŵһˣȴԽԽˣ
ʮɡʮɡʮɡʮɡ
һͷϿʼð֪һ̤½ؾԼڣȴԲòǰһϰ
̧֣ڶͷĨĨ۾ǰ濴ȥ
ɽǰƣľ裬һªĲͤӳ䣬һûУҪలжల
һҺȻһ׳
ԼŻԼʲôɱְһжǷүµģҲûأ
뵽㣬ɾһӿٶǰȥϰɣŵı˳ɽκţ治Ǹߵġ
ھ嶥ʮ֮΢˹Ȼ̧ͷȴѩɫӰһϷ嶥
嶥УͻȻԾѩɫХһȻʣջǰƮƮ˶һ

26

һұͷſջ֮ϣסؽпࡣүûв´ҶˡѪ¥ʮФʹ
ʮ˴˽ˣС˫ʮĬһҵĿŷѩɫӰתûһ㱻εۻңòϣүȻ·ѲףƮݡȻʵںÿý
ڵ龰ϷȥǼſϣѡƺΣա
ͨһиˤǰһһץסҡջȥȴͼڵԼӵǸŮˡʹ
һҽһáಡתʮͷȴʹû׷ֻŰϣ۾ɵøţƵĶԼŤһֵƣһҲ
һһת˽㣬岻

˽㣬ļӺôŶ

ֱǰ˽㣬Ī㲻ܶˣѵǱ˵еĵѨˣ

涯ˣһа𣺡˽㣬㣡һ˫צӣʹĻȥ
ݺݵʹǰѣʹصϷһ£ֺٺЦſʼСƿװʲô嶾ˮˣԷôȻ㣬˵ⶫϲõģӦǱ֬ûʲôôֲ֣Ƥ͸ȥѪẦ˵ġ
һһ߿һߺشԼ
ʹȻܶۼԼıɫСߣһǮֵ۾ףȥ
һػ飬һͭûʣ£ĶָʲôĶߣˣۼŮҲûʲôˮ̣ϧ˽㣬ټ
һŽʹȥ
ڷϴ򶷵ʮһФʹĿѣ˭Ҳû뵽СͻȻ¶֡
ʹѨ֮Ǿһֱ˹ȣǷѩɫջǰӰѤѩ˭岻ķߡ
ͬۼСɫʹŭ֮¸ƴ˭֪һգ۵ĹСӾͰʹߵȥˣۼˤȥͻˣʮһФʹȺ鼤ܣҪس
ѩɫҲһҸһ
Ϊ壬ǶԷ֮ɱˡȻʮФʹɱδԵ֮ǰҲһֱ飬ֻƵ֪ѶˣҪ˭ʱʹѨһΪŮҷŶǳ鷳Ҳ׽סʣʮФ̸С
ȴδϵһȻĺûʹȥ
ʹһһⱲǱ밲ˣѪ¥׷ɱ϶ǲݣ
һзڵʯ֮䡣ʹţȾ֮£ʹѨȻһҽг
ѩɫƣ˵Ĺ˼Ծȥһ̣ץסʹͷϻӳջŵײһջ֮ȥ
һҴΪʮһФʹû䲻Լͷ϶粻ƣɴͬʱ
ڿУ޴ӽʹ޿ɱܣؿŲб֧ȻзϾ˶࣬ءȻͬʱ⵽ػ
ѩɫѪڣһȵҺӿϺͷ֪ǿӲѪѹȥȴ׹ȥ
һҴȥˣǻڱ͵ϮӸƴˣ
ѩɫ΢΢ЦǲôùʮФʹȻҲЩ΢ůһﻹУҲһζ̰֮е
ڴʱͷ˦һӰסֱۣһһɴϷȥ
ѩɫ˵գһɴƣһͷջ֮ϣջҲ˿û˶Ӿζ
̲סһʡ
ѩɫʹջ֮ϣ˳ֽѨȻЦȭأлλȲ۽Ƴһұջŵľϣָ׳ʹıһɽȴԲס֪һֻ˵Сĥȴް
ʹӶӣҲסײͬĲ£ǿվл㹫ȣ
ѩɫæ񣺡ܹﲻؿȣĳҲӦлǣ
תǸʮкʩһ񣬵ĳл
кһֱᶶһϸĻɫҲƵڣ
һԴʹĴѾӲڵϣãֻƴתӣ¿к۽ϸ΢ƣʹɫȻͣԲСӦǡһ٪壡
ȴ֪ʮФʹ죬٪һʹ
ʹͲǺܴױ֪Լȱݣƽʱϰ̿йԣ˳ΪʮФ书ߡŵһ޷ߣѡȡһɳԲΣʱ̣ѩɫʹ
ղŻ˫ʱΪһλԮ˭Ҳ˼ٳˡ
ǸдģʮФеʹһ㹫ӣղҵȲ֪ǾܴӣԳ㣬ƽʱϲҽŵù¿ԴΪˡ
ѩɫЦʹһĳСްʵĳҪлλ顣ղλȫԸô˿̷ĳҲܺö˶˵վ̸ˡ
ֳⷬʮǡ
Сްǫлһ˼ҲǱʾʮФʹĹвԶвĻʮس飬˼ȫƴԼҲ˿̰ɡ
һһ֮䣬ȷһźţŴռˣǿϾʹ˰֣Ҳ£Ҳ⻯Ϊѣ
˵һ͸ڳĸλ˱ƨ汻ѹÿһ֮⣬ÿ˵۽ëǿյģʲôȨףΪ첻ս

27

ʹʹʹ˸ɫ߻⣬һֵ˵˵㹫ӣܴӣ˵ʮФʹٲ֪ôҲܶپݡǼѪ¥˼ҵǮ͵˼Ұ£أԣʹҲǲòΪ
ѩɫһЦŵȻʹؿ
㹫ӣҸ˵뽻ѣϧѷ֮ˡʹԷѩɫʩһ񣬵ôұǺټ㹫ӣˣФʹǸмѩɫԼˣѩɫȭ
ѩɫæЦѹѣ¹鹫¡´ټĳҲλʹ
ʹϿŴ󵶣ص´αƴƣ˭
һұϣƨʹH£ȻʮФʹվһ
һǰڣ㱻ѹðݣſڵӣˣ
ʮФʹһ
ݶСɫǻˣǿڷ㹫ӵϣ˵ʹº֣ⲻɲֵͣǽһ˿ι
ʹݺݵضһۣԹСӣҼסˣ
һûػӻ֣ߣͣ
군ˣԼˣǧȻ˰
ȥ˵ȻıƺһҪ˺ǧܺһһ룬ᷴ亦⻰ûۺö˶˵ؾͶһˡǶʮˣһǲ𣡿ǸүСö
ѩɫܹ
ʮФʹһͣͷ
ѩɫһҵѶó
һְסûУҵģ
ѩɫὣصó
һҾһݣεְ˳һѵƿƿ޹ޡƱΣˣ⼸ӺͰǸѹģҵ£
ίæһһӶûţһѳңοˣ
ʹСɫǣЩɵѹЩǾ綾еĿãеǿӴãеĿڷãм֣ԼҲ֮մСӰһѶҩѹڻȻһжļûУ̫̫̫̫аˣ
ѩɫЦܹ㣬ûʲô
ʹй˵ҪˣѶУֶܶﶼǷǳģ֮һᣬҲܱСɫǣֻøЦһ߹ȥϱ¹Ƥףʰ
㹫ӣлҸˣǰ·ǻټʱʮФʹǼѪ¥ֵܣ㹫飡
ʹѩɫ֮£ֲ˵ֻ°ʾǰмѪ¥ķɱ˵ϣٴκݵСɫһۣת˵ȥ
һӡ
ѩɫ΢ЦĿʮФʹԶȥȻַһҵļϡ
һֻüͷһ󲿷Լϣûз֮£Щᵹæסˣ
ʲۿѩɫǰغͺ󱳣ֱʮФʹǸðƹ֮˵һ̣ð˽֮˵һƣ书ʶȻȰӶ磬ȴҲóǹŶһһֻ̣ʯͷҲܴ飬οˣ
ֻǷѩɫһֱֵ£ΪүһŴ˵еĻף߾кĽͯӹʲôġȴԭˣ֪ûô
ǿżʧУҷϷ壡ڻջ֮ϣ̫գǽ̤ʵرȽϰȫ
ѩɫšһҪš˿ܻΧţǿ
һҶһ¡ûʮФʲôģܹ;֪Լ˵н·ߡ˵ڣǵߣҪǸЩ֪үˣپɱǻܲҡ
ԽԽúأ׳ŵԹһɱǵģʲôҪ˼һ㲻飬ˣһ˵ٻ
үɱ˲ؼ˭˭ˣҲøСͳȥ
ѩɫ΢΢һЦֻͣ飬㲻
ʲôһԹص˵ˣĽĺˣǶʲôᱻǳԵ
ѩɫûһѵؿ
һҿߵɺ죬ŵصҪѪôµϣ׵½ʾŵ¡
µϻߵϣ̫ˣǸ˼˵ˣ֮˿ģǾͲˣԼ·ڵÿɫһѪ
ѩɫĨȥϵѪۣõģҵûء
ǵԼһԼͷҧһڣ˵ʵˣ
ѩɫ
һڨڨһЦǸô죿
ѩɫҸһĵطҪˡȻµؾٲȥ
һҸں棬ıӰԽԽǡү·ȻװúƮѣսȴ΢΢ץŽʵָˣȻúܴԼ˾Բ˵ɡΣүҵɣǿɰԼӿˣ
һת⣬ţװһǰ˼̵ֵӣӵĹͷɢˣһץѩɫֱۡ
ѩɫһһץһգղסţһͷ·ԵĴʯ۴Уѩɫֱһ죬ļϣ׼ʳ֮ǰ˻
һҽеСĵĹͷֻ¶˼ж䣬˼кãСһѣסѩɫֱۡ
ѩɫҪ˦Ȼļ֧ԼȻ⣬һůĵףȻһȻëֶ࣬żҲЩȡ֮
Ȼϰ࣬ȴҲ̷ĺ⣬ãһֵƵһҵϡ
һþŷѩɫҪһһյ˼ʵ࣬Ϊ˲˷ַѩɫˣȻҧͦţ˻·ȥ

28

һ֡
һɽȪ
һ˵ľݡ
ڷһЩߣƺδסˣ˵ġ
ѩɫϥݽǵһϣſ۾
ߵĴӱţԼ϶͸ĽۺɫڴһӰϣһŸɲд˯
ԭѵƻʱˡ
ѩɫǸһŵˣ΢΢һȻڿϣһ֮һƬѪ
ᣬɲݶеȴԾɱˣ
̿Ĺˣѩɫ΢ЦעŵġͨһȥһŻ˵ֿ˻ƨƨܹȥͷرʾУ˼ûˣ
ѩɫšһ
񣬾ʱ˹ƣȻûȫã޴󰭣ղְеѪƳ磬Ѿɬ֮У΢գɸԭ
Ƕ˺ᵽһصζδʲôζͻȻһ졣
һҡ١һЦ
ѩɫĿȾһЩ죬Щεؿʲôζ
һЦݣ㰡
үװ⣬װ֪ʲôϧθס¶ڶ
ЦתߵſڣȵĻҶ˼£ǳһںĶֱ֣ڵϹѩɫǰֺõصЦɣԼͣڴү˵ϣȸ԰ɡ
ѩɫһǺӣʵʲô
һЦһֻɽڵϣȥǸ
ѩɫĿȥǲյúںɽǣ֮һֻĿɽɫıƤ֬Ρ
ȻûΣҵһЩ轹Ҷһ֭ͿڼˣﻹݹӺҰ»˽ʱһЦеһ٣
ڶƨүýȻ۲ӵʱ˵ٻо˼ء
ѩɫĿһǻҺڵϣһ£ֻŲ
ܳȲ˵˫צӣЩֵֹʲôʲôҶʲô֭û˵˵ǲǡǣަ͡ǡֶųƵ𡭡
ǣŸһЦݿأøҿǺǣ
Ӷ󷽣㼸̲˰׷һֻ
ѩɫĿͣһھӡߵ⣬ɽȪо֮˺һȣڱᣬССҧһڡǼ۶֭ζ΢ᣬһ۵뵣ܿǻ
̲סһ䣺һŪԵĵͦУ
һе⣬Ĳ˵ĵԵĶӡȣСҿһǼûһǧҲа˰١ⶫΪʱԵĶͬζһҰƽʱɽѷʳ棬һɽҰ֮óԵýϧôֻӡС׷СʱŰͨũļ͵ˣȥץסһšͷһȻװڴˡ
˵Լ־Уüɫ裬㵸˵֮һʱλүǺҲվ˼ֳһ
ѩɫԽԽΣһؾ׽ż⣬һߵȻܺãԼˣ˰ֻԹڴζ׸ˣûôģֻҰѣȻġ
һҽסͣ׻صϡ
ѩɫ΢΢һ£Ȼֻ˺룬һ׸һҡ
һҸ˵ؽӹûЦллȻԼģ˵ллòӦǶԷ۶󣬲⡭׵ǽȥп
ѩɫĺצӣ̣̲סˣԶ֮ǰͲϴϴ֣
һҿԼ֣Ҳúڵе㲻񻰣·ϲ˲䣺˵ϴֽҲǸɾģ
͵ҪǸɾϾûֽŲɾˣѩɫȻ³һˣʹöһ˵ΪֳԶģ
һһ߿мһʵһ⣬Ҳ벻ͨ
ʲô⣿
ǸʹΪʲôǣ˭Ҫɱ㣿
һǴʮФʹɱԼġʹıƺ֮һɱù
ѩɫǳ˼ҵ̣̬ȺͰࣺѪ¥֮Ǯ֮£ǿǵͷҲ˵˭ģɱֵ
һԴ˼˰죬벻ͨôôȱ۵ˣȻУУⶫֵӣԼǽͷݱϾ
ᵽ£ѩɫͻȻ˭ʹߵµģ
һ䣬һҾϰԵǽû˭Ҳû˭ȥ˵ˣҪԼ۾ģ
һȻ˺ݶһʴ֮ûУ´£Ҷ㣡ѩɫ
һҲҶ죬ϹϾصǣʹճӵĶͷ֪ȥιҲ㣡
ѩɫһңͻȻһļ粿ķɳȥ
һҴ󾪣ˣҲõҪһáһͷһ󶴣һֻ޴ҽ̱ҳһӡ

29

һҿֳִֻĴƣͷȥû֣ⶫģǶľģȡ㱻ʹĽѵˣһ˳֣ಡһҿǽŵһ굽棬סš
ǵù󱳲ſסǽڣǽȴͻȻˣһȥˤڵϣӦѸ٣ʹͷݴԡ
¡¡֮˳϶һƣǶӷãıҲѾˣΧվһģһľˣȫһֻ£Ьᾫ־ƣɶκ񣬰ŴԴëӣԼһƴ
ҵѽɽʲôģǶòռƨɣСƵĳѾӣһһ£ҲԼˣ
һֱͷڲݴв֨
ѩɫݻٵһ̣һһһɼĺ֦ϣŽµü
壿
壬̧ٵĳƷˣʵϵĽºǡ롱һĸͬױ˸Խʵ⣬ûٱﻵ۸ãɸ˻ǴʦΪͽܣϼӹ̣ܽޱȡƤص㣬һҹȻ˹ˣԽȴûڽ֮ĶЦϣǱ˳Ϊ롣˻ӣȴֻ麩ֱΪ
ˣΪҲԼ鷳
ϴصҰˤ㣡
бһѩɫа塣үˣ˧ǴƵıҲȥ
ѩɫûôģֻЦֵܣҷĳ£
ƺ㱻£һֱЦܿһЩ秵Ĵ
ϴԴԼǵĹ!
һڲݴЦ̵ۣӿ湻ģ
ѩɫװ֪λҪĳͷã
϶ʵڵصǸŮ˵ˣԴȥܻīƬǧѩʦԡ
īƬǧѩ˵ʥҩǰ߲Լ֮ĺ򣬺߲ɽϡ֮Զһġ
ȻᣬʦȴТģѩɫһϲ֮⣬һ£ʵǴʦˣͬʱ˼ȻŮҪԼʲôŮˣԼеŮ
ô֪ʦˣһʦģ˵걧Ŵѩɫ֮ȥ
ǿɼ˺ϱ֣ʹţҲһۣһҡѩɫȴճ֦һδ
󣬱ŴһӣҲæһһƣٴҲͦסˣڡꡱһϵȥ
֦Ҷ׷УѩɫƲӣ䵽һøֵϣȻ
ŭϼҪҡ
ѩɫΣǴʦҹѣ
ѡԽ͸һŴԴ״ʵ˵ʦѣ
ѩɫǣ
ǰڽ®ɽǴʦйһ֮Ե˶®ɽ®յ֮ר̸ȥƷ®ۺԺļƷʱ̸ʴ˽ѡ
Ȼǰȴû˵!
һҶڲݴ֮УѾֵòˡѵ˲´үԱ񰡣
ѩɫЦ겻ǴʦɻϲӺ躣ѿ񣿡

ԴյһͷӶ
֪ʦʲôˣʦĺѡ
ǿɲһҲɵģ
˵öԣʦ˵ǼԽã˵ʲô
ƭǣȥ
ȵȣһҪʶʦô죿Ǿǵʦ壬ʦģ
԰ʦǸˣŵҵ˱Ƚϸߣؿڡһֱ˱˵
۵Ĳ
İòҩʦûˣ
ԶԶԣ˭۲ʦ͵ˣ
ȻѹɤŻǺܴһһǣһɵˣʦǱ˴ˣȴµġţү·ƺҲס
һȥİ
壬ȥƭ˵ǲҪԴˡ
˰죬ö⣬ļƵͷιǲˣԷ⣡
ѩɫͷʹؿ⼸ˣԲǴʦĿĽ̻壡ҪǿǶʦһһķϣһ١
ǴʦˣҪīƬǧѩ
һŭˣʦβʲô֪㻹˵㲻ֳ֣ˣ
弱æקסգͭĿֱʹɫ
ѩɫ³һҪǴʦ͸ʵţ
һ£
ƾʲôģ
ĿôУ
㿴˭ģ

ѩɫǳͷˣ壬֪īƬǧѩҪҪ
Ҫ
ƭˣ
ƭ㣡
콻Ҹԣ
ʦǸͷ
һƬѩɫָס̫ѨţҩûдϣҸһȥϷķѩǣȻȡҩǡ
Ҫƭô죿
һҲ̲סˣһƣӲݴ˳ǵʦ壬ôƭǣɵƭⱨӦģ
ǡҪǮ?İֵʡ
ͣ
ѩɫ½ϳһö֬ľŦۣ˫ָһŦţ˵ĻǴʦûˣ
ɽŰɣ벻ͨôһŦ۾ܾʦˡ
ͻȻѩĹâһѩɫٿֻȻԶԶ֮⡣
ͣƬ̣ǿô׳ĴѽѽȻȻһߣϿڴ⻬ƽ
ڳȻ˼һѧģףڸղŽâһ֮䣬ѱѩɫˡ
ȱԼҶϵǿôֶˣ
ѩɫʣǸҪԼŮ˵£ʵ˵ĺٶ໰ץסһҵӣһչʧ
һѾϰ߱ˣϾǰһΪ˼Ǹˣԭȴһ·ɫ
ѩɫ򴽣ʲôкһ·ɫ⻰ѣûаһӵȥ
ţһ˵һԣ
ߣǼɵƭˣǻǺʦأһҵ޳ܣ۸˭Ҳ˵˭
ѩɫصīƬǧѩֲʲôöõƭô
Ƥ̫аˣǰŵأ
īƬǧѩֶѩǶ˲˵еģҩڳޱ󣬿īƬ֮ڶˮ󵱼ҷ裬ǧѩ֮ڵҰףô
ԣҴҵĺѣֻҲ°ɣ
ʮФʹɵӦһ·ģǶɱģڿȷˣԼǱү۵ģЩ˸ԼһͭĹϵûС
šȻܿ϶ǵĿ궼ԼӦû
Ҿóһб
š÷գԼȻ£Ǵڱ׷ɱ֮УҲ鷳
Ǹɵ˵һŮģ
šӦò˵ѣֻԼŮһǫģʵ벻͸ΪλᱻŮ׷ɱ
ǲ͵˼ҵˣȻŮ˲ŻɱˣӸһۣ
šѩɫһ߷ɳۣһ˼һ˳ڻشȻ򲻶ԣޡһ

ѩɫƨ߼šԼ̫ܶˣһŸҷ
һҺ˵˵֮УѩɫֻؿڷƣҲ֪δǱ쵰һģ
ɽ·Ȼ᫣ڷѩɫṦУȻһ̣ʱƱɽš
ɽۣ̫¶һĺߣµ糿ˡ

30

Ʊɽʮﴦǹٵ
ٵߡݺͽʡŸʮصŦԹٵУݡݣǾſͬݡʯͷأϪƺͲζ
ٵ֮Ե£мϵ꣬ƹͶƮʮһʹټڸ·ˣ·ϵҲͣ½ŲһþƵĴֺ͵ַš
ѩɫڴǰƷƵļƷһҼһ·Ҳƪķϻһ·սòѽѹһĲϣǿ졣һҹƣ̬رϵ˴ȴʹ
һҿŴүϰڵɫȣҲ۲ϹأҪһһͷ̲ˣȿһͷȻ׼ȥԼרλżϡ
ѩɫ
ǣһܹʲôԸ
ѩɫڶ棬ԼͬʳǼ˫צӣ־θµûţһָϵĲ˵ϲʲôͶ˵Ǳȥԡżϳ̲ˣװ˭
һе㲻ţүôͻȻԼˣıɣ
ѩɫɵе㲻ͷʲôԾ͹ȥǱߣվﰭҵۣ
һԥһ£ҡҶʲô˶ԣ
šԺٰڳһŰٻҵĴ
̫߳˺٣һֻãɽɽһӵĴҲԩˡ
ֽ˴үڣһҶϺʡⷽʹ㸬ֱߡߺߣ˿ɲֹһˣ
ѩɫϽһ«ʯٴΪԼĺĸеڡ
һҼװûͷԡϺʺóԣ϶ⷽóԣ涪㸬óԣжζ
Ҳûʲôֱ࣬ѩɫ̶Դ˶յ̲ˣ͵һڳԿˣһһ߰ѲԵĶȥ
Լֱ÷ѩɫ̶ӣСѱɴƹԼǰ棬۲Ĳ
ʱϵĹٵϣ
š֣ʮö벻ͨͭ嵥׾
ѩɫһͬʱ̧ͷȥֻһŹٵس۹
ܿɫΪ֮ţƥ͹ˮǳǿͷһƥϹڴİǺ巢ġ
ͣϵǰϳ߼£ңһ˫ִ޵ȻЩ˰ߣǳһɽ룬˺о񣬿ȥܼҶϳۡ
ͣȣлӭȥڵؽ׼ź
ֱһǻƻû壬㱻úʮˡڵϣꡱһ۹Ѿʡǻ۵ͷ󺹣
ѩɫüһ
ʱдһ벮˼ˣۣ΢⣬
Ǹ벮֮ˣūϡ
һЦ˼ҴֱţӻãһֻҪ˼ҵֱˣɡ
һһòŮ̽ͷһɫӣȴѾ硣
òѾƸǰЦһˣ˸첲ʲô޳ӣЦģٿȻƣڻƵıһһŤһƵֱ۸ԭλ
Ȼ㲻ǻƣֱߵǰЦС㣬ݳǻһ·Ǿ⣬ū澷³
Ǹءšһɫ࣬һֻ֣۰ָУϴһֻֻ֬ȴƺֻӵܲ
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һŮӡĵһӡƤǳףֽŮ͸ļԴ̬Ĳ԰ףһͷڷڼӳ£ӺѻᡣüԶɽˮ촽ɫȴֻԴһɫ
ŮӵòҲǾޣͶ£Ȼһָ߹ʣȻ
һһֱ쳤ڿӣƽճڴϵϷŮˣϵʮϴ̣µСѾͷƬӣεĶȾָǰŮӣ˵ĸоȻСɫǶ˷֮ġֻǲ룬ŮĳװѪˣ٣װүһԣ׵ˣ
ȥѾŮ߽
ϴοһ֪ҵĹҲֵģװѾͷװһҡѾŮҲѾţҲ֪ҵŮɣ
Ѿõһ۱㿴Ǹһ˫ɫеۣҴСҿһ߿һҡͷԡɴŭ߹ȥصһģ㿴ʲôһ𣬵һͨ졣
һҳо죬ıûѧᣬȴ۾úѾֻһ򵥵ĶȴһֵļһںڵʣƤֱϣϲŽɫ˿ߣ鿴ȥֵǮʯͷ
ãⶫӦһ｣ǵһڶĳ￴˼ҶǮһүˣʹôһһͨͱ
˳һַѾϹһѶ̵Ȼһ߶೤ؿԴǴ´ģ
һ׷ɱȡѵѾͷżһ֪˳һЩǲ˵ϵʣȫȻܡ
㲻ǾҪɱүŮˣ۵öԶ㣬˼ӴָˣģӳԸҲͣ

31

ѩɫ˳ļ϶ȥһҶӶ죬̲סһԣ
˳㿴һһۣѩɫҲеɻ󡣴Ӵ˵ĽŲǸСȻӯȻѾͷ·书ȻδΣṦǳ
Ȼ֮УǸߵȤŨ񣬸ղλֻ̧ˣȴʾǳ
ߵĴӡ񡱵һ죬ĵػعͷȥȴһܳԶֺطѴүСġ
ѩɫһҵ˵ͷҲϢˣվһӷϣ׼뿪
棬Ѿæһţһ˼ҵβɾĨãһ򶽴Сյÿˮ̹
λСʱûεεվϴ΢ЦĵؿѾæµ
ѩɫҪߵſڣ·ߣСǳнԼ˱˵·Ǹظһóȥ
֮ǰһڲ𣬽Եȫ˵ϣȻɨˣȴһ©С㲻С棬һȥ
ôһλׯ߹ĴС㣬ҪˤĽų죬ǿɾƯˡ
ѾǴ󾪵طɹȴǸ߹ȥṫ½΢΢һٿȻ˻ֱһ죬ڰСıὫСģ
С㾪긦԰׵һΣʩ񣺡лӣ
ѩɫȻѣ߽ŮǰһǣЦһ񣺡С㲻ؿһͷȥ
ſڵʱó߲߶ʱͣסŲһ˫Ŀ˹
ѩɫȴδֱٵȥһҸں棬סԹЦ
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һҺװһһӻ˼ȴ²죺Ұ˵㣬Ҫ˼С㣬͵ö˵仰˵С㷼ȻԱţСʮжĶδ䡭
ѩɫüͷ˵ʲô
һҺüײһ£ЦͱװӡСƽҲſϷģƳǸղ׶Ϸﹴɼǰװ

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һһӣȻС֪ҵԴȶŹǻʡ£ͱСˣ
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ⶼʲô߰ģѩɫٴθоͬѼС
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ѾһЦҼСҩڻѪйЧ粻Цɣ˵꣬һɫСƿ
˴˲ʶѩɫûҪҪӣһѾһ˹źˣ
Ѿһ㵣һҵһҪ˵ʲôס
ȻһѾӵУ˻ȥԵСѩɫֻõˣллСˣ
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һȻһ֮£󲿷ҩĳɷ֡Լǰ㲻ѧֻǣΪκö˶˵ĳ˵ƫҪùϺƫŵ֣

32

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Ҳ˵һʶⶫ֪ⶫʲôõģȴ޷ͱ˹ͨΪ֪֣ͱ֪֣ԲϺšԼּͬѼĸоİɣ
ԼҲһƫԶǭأ˺ܾòףذսĶԭǼų桢ңΪëҡëӵͨˮ
֮ͬһسƺͬʵȻһȴƺǲ̵Ǹˣ˺ܶණȴƹⲻΪʲô
Ǹˣ𣿷ӵ˼άȻ׵ġ
ѩɫӹƿӣһ£ֵһЩϸۿǵɫķĩƬѪߡΡ׼𣿡
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ѩɫֱЦԷǣաȣС׭
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һһ㶼Ϊܣʵʲô˼
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ѩɫĵصҩãһɽȣסһλҽҽǳ˺ܶˣǶˡ
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ˣСƿ֣ʾҩҽ洫طרθ֢ΰٲҩ鲻ǮӽѧĴ˳ˡ
Ƥҩģ
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ŴȻţǽǶż飬߼֮ͣȻÿ˵Ȼ
мλϵˣһֱеһá
µλֻϢ˭Ҳҿڡ
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мǸͣһ£ŵҹûʧô˵Ĺ衣
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ʱ֣һͨ۽ݳǡ
ݳǸʮ˾СӣԶת֮󣬱ʻһ֮ͬСͬǸǽؿʯ·ߵףһ˼ҵš
ſڣһŵķߣʻӭȥμӴݹ٣ǫӭ٣ˡ
ͷһ䡫⡫ƽʮϷ̨ʵǻ

Ƶ̧ͷһһ౹꣬ŶȣҡҡʮĵƦåࡣ
ˣϷһţСåȥ
ǫϳûһţԼҹӵĽؿǰһӣ
ǫض񣡡Եϴμ棬˰ɣǫɰ
ӼԺãϴϳͷ£ꡣǫ˳ǣԺڣ˺óһʱ䣬һԺ䡣
빫³
һѩɫ³ȻϻҳˣȻʸ߻ϵЦҲȻ㡣
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ǫƺЩ죬Թشǣӣ
ᣬһһߵȴүһߺ̽ͷ̽ԡ
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ңôլӣƺ˶ܲͷûˣǸݳĳ򶼲֪ȥĶˡ
ڹٵϣүһϻ˸ʲôţûãǳүϳ
ʱԼһֽ緽ʽһ˷ܣܳݴүôųأԭȴӵôһطͽլӣ֪ǸͷǫǸ
һҶ׵̫е㷢飬վȣȻűߵһ÷Ͽȥȴˡһˤ˸ƨɶգûз֮£ˤúܽʵڵ˰죬βߺѽѽվ
ף
۾ǿղԼô֮ȥˣɵȥƤǰ΢΢һǿȻŤһɣ˿ȥ
ĪǡɾˣӴ˿٣ʢ˥լֹ
뵽ͻŮӵλүū
һȻͷûðŮӣʮ߰꣬ò毺ãһʹ硣ʱëȻŮ̫ˣȻܳ
һ㣡ӵжһһ顭

ŮƬ֣֮һץסһһֱۣ˿ȥ
տլӣһƿڴ֮ڶ

33

ǫ黢£и÷ʲôطر
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ټ룬ѩɫֲһ䣬ѡ͸
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žԼݶ֮Щ΢ƺèܹͣͣ߸һЦݣȻµؼԼ
լݳһֵլڣʵǷѩݵķãǸװֵǫҲʲôӪׯ¥ϰ壬Ƿѩʮ֮һ˳ơαǫҲ
ű֪ǫһ ֻĺ֣˼άܣı㣬ѩݵĲҵþլƼ򵥣ʵܹ룬ǷѩҲڽϻˡ
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ѩɫ΢΢һЦشѥӣϵȻȣߵʯϣֹۿ
ԶԶȥݶ֮Ͼȫ׷ɱһƬƣ֯ƬڽȥȴÿÿΣյļ϶˳ȥ
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34

Ұ׵ݵ·ϣѾ˵ǱҲˣӵɸ봫飬Ҳ˿ϹŴӱ߹ɱ֣һҲӲġܵߵģ໹һ롣
ѩɫһЦлˣ
ҺСĵģĺɱ֡
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ҰѹҲ֪֮ǰλ춯صĴﱻٲλﺣ⣬ݣ޲
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ѩɫٿȻλļСںδ
ҰĬȻƬ̣һǰҼСȫʧ١
ѩɫ嶯վ˼Ȧϵ裬˼ڣǿѹ𣬵ʲôط
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ᡢλ󽫾Ϊս꣬սʤǵֱѵɥڣҰհ֣ԻٳǣֻһƬõֻܵļ̤
Ұ׵֣س·ֻ̽ǣһ·ϵĹٸڣûλ˹·ı
ѩɫڲϣꡱһ̴ľӻѿһ϶ȭͷһһٵص緽裬עɣĶݺЩ
ͻȻӱظҲǵ춯ֶԲߡ
ѩɫסָڽḧÿͥб䣬ƾ޲ⰲʮֻ֣Ҫһˣ
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ⷼ£ͦΣȻһЦҵıɺܾûʹʹѪˣ
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λһڱʹǹ֮УҲҪŴĴָһҹֱ֮ϣ˭λ󽫾أѵôۣҪȥλǧŵҳ˾ô
ĬƬ̣ѩɫˣȥһҡǸһǸˡ
һǣӣ֦Ҷҡһȥ
Ƭ֮⴫һ̤̤
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ĸ˶ȫʪ͸ѡףϱèƵȫѪӡѺˣͷɥֻ˵ļƵġ
ѩɫüôŪӣ
׵ĸѩɫ˸񣬵ӣλλƢ̫ãūǻͷһϴҲҪƵ!
ѩɫһĨЦλˣȥ˷ÿӣȥתһҡһ֮ĸŮˣҲûռʲôˣ۵ùǺԴӽ͵ͷڵ̺Ϻ
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һżĹѩ壬͸ŷ˵ɫЩӤʣɰķӡС죬СıӣһӶƵ۾ڰ׷µµתţǰǸ䣬һݣȴԵˡ
⡭ŮһңǸࡢ໰Ͱֵһң
ѩɫʶ۾־ٵǰһͣ٣Ϊͷǰ龰֮ǰӡ̫ˣ仳۾绳ɴԣ
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ѾȷɣһǸľͰףӡƽ𡱵ƤǰµŮڷѩɫԺʼ޷غϡ
һҵ˰죬үֻԼҲû͸ЩƣСضһӿǸԼºУ۾ʱˣʦʦҼһԻ𣿡
Ұһ˵ͷ
ǣʦӢʦӢһҲ֪Ƶƨ
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踺أʵʵظŷѩɫ۰ɽˮԿۣģһΪһΪץ˵ʣڣоȻѻˣ
һ뵽Сϴ컨һ⣬һҼֱѪţȫ˼ҴʦеƿˣҼһϵһ鶼õȫðŧˮĺڸϳ۴ͷñͷ󣬱ղ죬òҲ㣡ºû
һ·죬õĶһûѧо˵ĴȴһͻᣬʱԴ֮񶾣ʵ̾Ϊֹ

35

ѩɫۼҰ׶ͷ𣬼æһֿŷһҵѨ
һأԲ˰죬ֻͿϣȴھòԾһĭҰס
Ұ׼Ժգòǿеһ̳ⱲûҲû˸ǰȴùѪͷð̣ǰһѿסһҵĲӡ
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ѩɫƲȰֹҰͷ֮ϣֱֻ˵ʲô֮£һҰ׵š
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ģɱӣһŲӸ󣬡㲻ɱɱǰɣã֣͵ɱɣӰгɶΣ첲գＹǴף廨⣬ӣԴɶѣǰɣζǶض󣬺÷ûҪӳȥι
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ʱݷʱļһһ˵Ҫȥ÷֣һǺøзƵģֱҪڣֻڽһģ̻ϡҺΪЧ͡ûЦ
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36

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37

һ鲻Խ˺һ㡭Ǹ
ﾯ죬ԼӱúÿģǲǵġѩɫǣҰǣòҲƯֻƢҲòȥ
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λӣˮķ磬ĺ磬ҹﾲ£ҹǰϼ飬ȴ˺ңԶ
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һһڴɧŮ˵УǾǧģҸץ֮ռֱ޵¡۸Ů˹ȻЧûоŮåĹ˵ͬһɱʱ⣬̶׹ԭǱѾͷϷˣϵǳЦڱŭıˣѹֱһһŤһֱ۵ĹؽڶŤˡ
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һһվǽϵأֻú΢΢һ飬ʱϥˡһǽˤĽų쵹ڵϣȻǽߣҲǲƤȻˤȫһۣԴײһϣײǰֱ죬ÿҲ֪϶˸
ȻƽʱΣյܶͶ㣬ʵҲǷġװӵʱ򣬾ǿһװӶãǹƤСĺݾðˣȻˤȻҧҧ׼վߡ
ŬȴһûУ첲ֱжָˣǸλãʹʹ·˸ӣֻӿȫǳܡִүǱϴ裬Ƥϴˣ˰ɣ˵öԣϴˣ

38

ڵϡӴţӻⲽۣߡƴЦֻصϣЦͷҲ֪⻹⣬պͷ³Ĵϡ
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վһйصһ˭Ҳ£±ǿģƫƫϱǿ̫࣬ⲻһλ
ЦṦСˣ
֪˼ڷԼһҲװڵϣǫ˼ңôһ㣡
ͷĴ顢ˤˣֱ۵Ѿʣ۵ͷ󺹣ȻûƨԸܰȻ飬Ͱʲôˡ
˵ɣʲôˣ
һڵϣĵطã۾ȴԹµµתƳʲôһλӣ¶
ţӶߣЦͣޣһ˫ˮת֡
ǸܲܰҰῪһЩһóݡ
ϵЦһ£Ȼ紺ˮĿѰңָͷߵһ״ҶӡСƻĲݣʵô
һб۾ȥֲȻܹѪⶾס磬ζʵܲˣԼûҲҪѬˣ
ЦţժһƬҶӣŵһҵıϡ
һҼæŴҶ
԰ǿòȫᣬżִȰأһҶȫѷŵϡ
һٽʹηǵ֮ŨҵζǺֱԣ屻𶯵۵øŭˣɲҵǣҶȴ󾪣æ޵£һʱǱ
ЦǺǵؿֲݺܺó԰ɣҪҪһ㣿
һҺװѲ³ȥóԣܺóԣԼȥԺˣռթЦ滢
һ˵ֵһЩҶ
ǹЦŵԣԹԵظң˭
һҲҾǿСޡСġһҡޡ
㵽÷֣Сһͣˮɫ۾ȻâһһٵʵʲôĿģ
ͷ֮ϣһҽġ
һֱҪӯˣܶĻ϶ȥ˵ĴȣƴȥҡβͣҪԼҲôĻҪƵģ
ޡޡҲ㡭²ݡޡ
۾΢УμЦ⣬ʩʩȻվص֣þò
һ⻰һ˰ءָүԼأȴԭЦ滢ʹүʶģ
ѩɫվڷǽ֮ϣҲ΢΢Цh֣ȷʵþòһɺã
hЦûãϴιղ¥Ҵһȴû뵽ֺͷطꡣ
˱شкһһɼ˵ŵһң̲סеСĻڵģ
ѩɫ˿һչƮ£h˱ȭѾͷh֣뺣
hƳ۵ϣʵλǷּҵѾͷˣˡ
һ۵öˣǶλ˭нڲԣǷּҵѾͷأ򹷻ÿˣүվǼ˸񰡣
hȻһѩɫѵݵú
һ£⿪Ѩڵˣɣ
һҸоһůůϴϵһʧڵϻһҧҧֱͦͦ
ѩɫȿ첲شֿ࣬Ƕͷ֮ϹɫԱ۸ˣȻ÷ǳ죬ԼȻhǺ죬Ҳеĸ֣һҷǳˣɱϾŮӣҲӦôص֡
˼֮У̧ͷ죬ƺʲôӡ
һҺļأǵӣͷ
ͻ죬ֱϴʹشһȻˣӹͷ㲻ᰡգգ۾ʹϳۿ
ѩɫһģעȻŽӺֱۣȴѵѵ㿴︡⣬ȥ
һ̯
һ˦Ÿ첲ƫͷϵڼϲȥʵʲô
չȵƿҩ
ûˡ
ʲôȥˣ
ҩ۵ƿӻǳˡ

ѩɫֱܼˣչȵҩӹԲ˵ܹ˶׹ǣЧ񣬽֮ǧܼӾȻΪƿӻǣͰҩι㣡
ܺãȻͷ϶ɡѩɫ˵
һҾ֣Сڶͷ֮ϣǸмСֹ̣ľľʹü۵ҲʲôˣͳˣСʱˤֲأؼҸޣһ١˵ҪôѧŰԼƤ˾ͲۣҪôҲԼ̣û˻
ѩɫһ٣ԼûҪȱҰѾͷ˳ֽԴǸɫİãûƤͷҩ࣬Ѫ˾ͺˡ

39

hҡȣѩɫһңЦʵʷ֣ɽҲҪһŮȥĸһô
ѩɫ⣬ܶ𣬵hǺιʵ÷
һż⣬յѩɫĶߣֹм飡Ȼŵͣȴǹ˼ġ
ȴײڮ٣ʵhŭԡϢƬ̣𴦣װûֻɫе㷢ڣžһȺ£չҡȵĶӿ죬ȵ
ѩɫһۣhǸȻһЦѾͷ˽̻壬˴³ԣhĪ֣
hкֻЦЦԹˣܺһСһʶĿȴһϴ˸תûôѾͷҪúýѵһɣ
һһĿ⣬СС̼Ȼһ£ͷ϶ʱºԼǺͿ棬ֻµ˴¡
̻سѩɫ½ǣе㲻ԣƺûˡڵڣȻһöûп
ѩɫ˵ͷҲˣ
һҳһʲô
hһָԷãԼȥ
һѩɫûֹ֮⣬̱ƿţ㿴ǰ֮ϣŮᡣ
Ůᴹͷһִ飬ִľ鳣ƺľʱ͵˯ˡ
һͣƬ̣סСؽַһŮļϣһƣι
ǸŮһΣίȥñ¶һŹҰ׵Ƥ͹飬ţͷ΢΢쵽ߡ
׼һһ̲סѼˣһζʬѪȲңȴǵһʬ壡
߰ɫһѩɫȻߡͷ鿴һʬ¶ȡߺۺͽӲ̶ȣǱˣʱ䲻ᳬһʱ
һҵսľһŮᣬȻӦֶŮŤ沿岻ס
ѩɫô
ҡȥ𴦿Ȼڼȿ־УһȻûԼ񡪡үѺ˵ģǸԼͬһ춹ɳͷá
ѩɫ߽һľʬ壬ȥҡãÿ䷿ﶼʬ壬ͬǺѣҲǰһ̵ƣȻֵЧʷǳߣһŮ˲ƶı䡣
һŮŲ˵ڰϣеһˡ
һ࣬һŮľڵϣȫɢϵŶܲˮ΢΢ݣѿ찾ˣδϨ
Լһ𣬵ڴԼаʱүƶϣЩŮһʱҲ˵ԼʱЩŮһһرɱ
һҺȻᡣ
ѩɫ⺢ȻƤˣֻʧ˽̵֮ʣվĵػġļ磬ºͣһңҪģЩ˵ծֻ
һĨĨᣬصҲģңҿԼҪһ˵Ҳˣ
ѩɫ˷Ѹ飡ⲻĶ
һǸſڵϵŮᷭһֱһŷѩɫҡҡͷ
ѩɫףûУЩʬûһͬɵŮᡣ
֤ҪôŮӹһ٣ҪôִˡˣʱڴϵĲֹһһʶŮġ
Ůûҵϣܴһṩȷжϣ̲ϱɱģǲλ󽫾ļˡ
ѩɫĬĬ˼Щɱ֣ɱʱ򱻶ɴϵ˿ȻҪνЩڣ
ɱ˲ѣѵҵЩˡһȺزʶˣϵر˴ֻǡɴͬһҴѣ˴ɢȥ뵽˺֮УҲ
ɱ֣ȻԶȻɴߺܿ죬Ҳ㹻Ѵϳ˿͵ҪˡӡģǴϴɱǸҡߵˡΪŵ书ˣǶͬӹעһЩʹǲʶмʹһҲѾܹ͸¶˵书ȺܶϢ˺ֻҪ飬ҵھ֡
ԣһѵģǶھ֡
ҵˣ˵ұ˴˲죬һ·ͬУҲǵһЩ½ֻƬҲɾݴ˳ϣҵһˡԼǴһͿǵõһ仰ҵ÷ֵô
һңҲҵˡ
˵ңΪһֻ൱עĿĻϣм˻һͷһεģ
˵ңΪ޶ˣ˶ʵڶ಻ʤˣڰ´ǸѪµ˶Ŵζ֮ǰһҲ࡭
˵ΪһҽӽԵʣҲѳΪЩ˵Ŀꡪοɱ߸ˣ
ֻǣ֮Щ˱ƾʧһҲûг֡ԼһĪĽˣһŮ˵ҪԼôͻȻðʲôħѩŮˣЩɱûйϵ

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