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1ʯ=100ɱ
1ʯ=10
1=100
1=100ͭ



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ÿ׶η֣м߼
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ܲ˷Ӣǰ壬˫ȭҽ̸±ڣڼʮס
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ʮķչӡڲһоأоԱ͵ӡǣȽо豸룬ΪԤоƻʮ־פڡ
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Ч𽥼ǿУϲɫ
ԷԷ԰Ů԰ѧԺУ˾һ𣬽ɣԷһ˼ȴҪۿӢŷġ

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һİСС۾ͷǣӳ֣һƲƲһһǧģ㶪һһҪұһ
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ŵ˵ܿܰһ£һŷֳʮݸϵ¡ӢܿܿܰʣͲ

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ָܿܰҩֱιϷ޷£Ȼ˽ŵĿţƬ̼ͨ˳ɫ󣬾ز˿漣ϡ
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ŵŵҩĸܶʮꡣܿܰ񱦱һС
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ειһͦأСӣֺΪʲôҪأԼ϶ãԣһģٸ㼸ƯƯ·
ˣһûεΣûøɫƤˡͯ۾һתӰ˳ȥɲ밤롣
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֪ͯʲôʱֳˣһӵע⣬ûģʮսʮһʮλ糬սʮλ糤ڲù⵷ң˭Ƥղ͵Ϯ
Ƥޱ飬۾ðһǰʮ糬֣û˸սںĳû¶棬һ¶棬٣ҶƤʮλ֣ûĳ˵ս
ȿȡɫƤɿӢֵܣʲôԴȻǣһ̶ȳԲνԼƻףʲôأ룬ͻȻǰվһλε˶Ƥϸۣ۲˱ӣСɺ촽Σ֣Ŀ
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ںϡⵤں𣿡ٹӢⵤΪӢûϵһҪõ𰸣ǽͶǶࡣ
Ҳٽ˵ٹڣⵤںһⵤ뷨ںغһ׶ҪʱںϹ̿ʼѧϰȻϰУܼࡣ
ҾأؾңӢںϵĹɣˣǰǸطСӷȥʵк𣿡
һЦǰŴʱܰ׳գԭΪʮ׶ζӢ˵ǻڿǣһ˼ʮ׶УںڲܷУںǰ׶Σ߿ʹü򵥵ķʹСķԶ̾ƷܳУʹòǿ󷨾
Ӣͷû˵ΪЩСܷɣԭٶȹˣķٶѱ档
˵׶Ķ΢Ц˵һֹͣӢӿڣӢûӦһЦ˵ⵤ뷨ںϺּ¶Ķɣ˷ħϽǶĿ顣һ˵ÿһ׶ζĶһ׶ĶƵ֣رǿңһƲ̨ħһԪ
ӢӿˣҪܾջ󣬱ƽ
ˣĶڸӵḺ́Ӣʮֲ򵥾ͺˣЦ߽׶ԪӤĿͬ٣ԪӤĵĻǰ׶Ҫ壬׶Ԫ񣬽𵤻ӤϸԪӤ֣겻𣬴ȵԪ񡣡
ӢôһλʶĲڿռʱ£ûʲôܱʵģôΥغ㶨ɵġӢ˽йΪÿѧͲˣʣԪӤһ𣿡
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Ӣȫ½ǶȥҲûʣ˵ǻͣûǾǵȴԺ顣
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ǶӢϲţӢʦԥͬ⣬Ҵ
࣬ٸӢһס˼ţȤܸߣʼֽ⡭

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ӢŭνӴ棬ûκԭʵܿ飬һüٹƭ
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ϰʶһһɺĵ˫Ȳڵɫ˲ʧ֮Ŀ־;ˣ
ӢˣϰһӢӰ˲еӶ亮â˸âӰ裬ϰм䴩Խ

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ȥɣܻ䣬â˸쵶

пӢ˲䱬ը漴ء
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ˣӢ˲ֻ̧ڴͱϥ˲̧꣡ӲӶѣžϥը˳ƽӵĨ׷ּңûüһ
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ݵ𾪺´һţǧٶܣΪ°ҫû°ʲôǣܵ
ХХӢӰӰ˸ӰԽǧУҽʬ嵹أȫ׷ּңһֲ˴ɱʼˡ

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ʧֽ̾ԤϣӢָ㷨ûԪЭƷһЧϣ漣֡編ǧ򻯣Ȼ䲻ڣԸȻ仯ΪۺϣҪз׵ľȵȣεεķ廨ڽɫƤķõ廨ľüǣǿԻ𷨾ԣ𷨾ڸйͣƻǿ
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ٺ٣ɫŽɫ̬ŮһɫƤ̬޲ðǡȡεεŮһץ͡
ʼӢʯΣ廭ȤߣСŵ׸Ⱦ΢廭ûӰ̬
õġɫƤӦһ˭˭ɿЦûھͱˣɫԹɫɫɫɫƷɫΪȣɫΪһŮɫע⵽Ĳ࣬ҪۿΧÿһŮɫɫΪڶͷŮɫɫŮɫ߰ݡԡϲõҪ̬жϳɫжϳɫνɫָ࣬ĻʡԡϣƷɫҪƷŮɫ壬鲻ͬо
Ӣ֡
ɫƤһѵɫŵƼ򵥣ҪѡӦá
治ͬŮӢؿһ仰ܽɫŵҪ졣
ɫƤУ̾ѹ˵ţŵӣɫҪͻˣɫǱ룬һﵽòͬʽͬŮɫԶͶͱŮɫԹ޻ڡ
ɫŹɫƤһһѾŮΧӢת
ӢͰ漣һû֡
Ůɫǧ˰̨ɫ鷨ԸԻۻ廨ΪɫƤ٣ҲģϵɫƤҪ졣
ٹٷӢվҪߣҪһٳԸԻۻ廨ó
ɫƤһҽУɫʧȥһŵӣϧӢֵܣҪԣóǿɫŷһɹһкܶؾ򣬴㣬Ůɫ
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ӢΪͣ˫ţ˲ɫƤűըɫƤɳ⡣
ɫƤƨɲС
䡭
ںը춯ء
ɫƤ飬ɫҰײҺУҪ١ڡҶѪ

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ɫƤڵϺʲôҰӢֵܣɫŷҲգ㡣ֵͯķ
߸ϵҲ֪ɫƤڽ
εһɫҲá
Ҫ֤ûҩͼɫ԰ףʥΪҩڴӢȣзȥ
ɣκ˲׼ȥɫƤ񾭰㷴סڶڣܲйŮ
ܣˣֽͯС
ɫƤӦ߾Ⱥͻɣ
ɫƤһɫʹ࣬ѪˣǿûУʲôܣӢֵڷ𣬴ҲҪɧţΪ룬ʹడҡôңʹ࡭
ԣɫʹ࣬һҪʹϧĶٵεΩ²ң̼ɫƤ
εεβ²ˣɫƤĲһʹʹС
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ӢƶɫƤ½飬뵽ѪٵһƤڵ۷ֱ
ӢɫƤʹϧʲôε۾һתʡ
ҪҪ˵Ӣ磬ˡɫƤӢ˫ͼסӢ͡
ХӢ˲غ󵹣ҽűһűըɫƤ󱳡
ɫƤƶУҽеӢ磬үүҪҺʹడ
ߣѧͼȲ֤ţӢѸʧ
ɫƤһڻҳУڶͼױ׵ף׵ͼˣٵŮ
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ôˣղŹ⿪ЦǡҪ侮ʯɫƤӻҳ̽ͷһ޹ɫڼλŮȫɨһʹЩŮ廭һһѪᾧȫûˡ
ͼ׵涴ڳҩζƿƿ޹ޣҩɢʮҩյⶼͼ׵ѪںҵҩѾˡ
ͼȲҪҽҩԣöҽ
۲ؽֱ˵̡Ӣסͼ״ۻʼҽӢͨȱپ顣
ôޣףͼһϲ㶮ҽãǴҩʼ
ͼװ߹ÿ׶Ҫĵҩܼ䷽ⵤҩջȵһһ֮ʾӢѧϰҪ߱ԪӢûԪͷš
⡭ͼɵۣǧû㵽һ㣬ͷŲԪƨҺõùҡԺ
ХӢХУüҩ
ͼһ㵸Ӣ̫ɰˣš̫ǿС㡭ˣҵҩ
ҩڻǿ»Ϊҳ
ͼΪҩһӾҳ鶯ץҺõùһҧӢҩԲͬޣмҩǿʮˣû㡭Ӧòٵ
ХӢХüıһ˲緢ҩ
ҩͼ׽ŵҪҩ綼ϺҩҩһоѪΪЩҩ߱磬Σյط֮ףһڻ»ٵȥû˼
ܴȼգ̶𽥱ɽ𶦣
ˣˡͼ׺У˷ܺУʮˣÿҰԪͣΪ粽ǰͷˣҩûӦˡءѽ
ҩƮݣ߱⣬һʶҩ㣬
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ұըҩڴŴҩҩŨ𶦱ɫѸתСתӢüƶ緢ɽȺˡ
죬ҳסҩҺñͼ״һӿȣʶУӶҩ
䡭
˸淢ͱͼױ˳ȥ߷׷׳ҩ
䡭
춯ؾУɽը߱ը˳ȥҩһӢüģ˲侲ֹ
ͼ׳ܲһѪŵҩӢЧʱᣬڡҩҩȫˣİҩӢüĻǣ̫޷ܡ
ϣ˭Ҳû뵽Ҳ뵽ͯû䳰ȷҩҩͼζʲô
ХӢХŭͼҩӻ涼ûˣû緢
Ƚü˼ΣͼףȲҪʧҲ²⣬ҩǲûٵ
𣿡ͼһϲִͷɥܣǿ󣬻ˡ
ƶеʮûɹԭҲӢüĻҩҪҩͨ飬ҲҲ²ҩҪȲӢüģԣӢٷŲ棬һҩɹҩԶ֡ȵĲ²˵
ҲǴȲ²⣬˭Ҳҿ϶̼ͼףڴӢһҪҡ
ԣӢûΪС
ҡҡͼ׸жǳ鶯˰м˵ڣҩ˵ӦҩΪһ룬ʧȥҩ˵ʧȥһ롣
ҩߣţҳͬͼףֻпЦķݣ

ʮ 书

ͼʧȥ涴Ҳʧȥߣû֤浤ʧȥɭȥһ˾ʧȥ𶦵ʹ࣡
κ̾һӢɹŴңḻ֪ʶԨ֪Ϊһʦڸȥɡ
ʦʱɫͰ̸ӢԲ࣬Ҳ˵Ӣһ㣬ӶдӢʧǰ
һʦʼӢŹӢȤܸߣƳȺлѧϰŹ
֮ӢͷӢûãƷҪǿԪΪݣûԪ̸ƷӢû뿪Ҫѧϰ
ʦſ󷽣ڣʾӢһǿԾԾԣûԪЭκηƲˣɵۣܶཨԽĸ
һʦЦ֮չأòϣӢĽҪ˼оһĸ
Ų浴ŮŹͷ
ʧܣ
ʧܣ

ʱһţһδεʧܣӢŬѧϰÿһ߹ͷٶݸӣ֣ҲеŴɵӣĬĬŸֻ廨ŲɣҲһԹ㷺黭͵ƭӦоУӢ۽硣
Ȼ漣ûгӢϣӢ˵ٹ֣߿ЦĬĬڣϣã
Ӣһɣ漣û֣ٶ߶ϣǣйЧӽ쿪ʼʵеڶƻ--ÿ˴һԪ㣬൱ٶӦܳ깦
ͨӳһӢһڹƻʧܣڼٶӢӢѧϰӶǸҸɹȻûӦ
ãӢ书Ȼܣٶߴڹͷ۽ͬʱ֪ʶΪḻԨԷʶȱԪٶҲûãҲִ֪书塣
߸ϵԴ书ģκһĽݾ˭ԸԼõԪˣǹϵ縸ʦͽżдԪľٶҲǼ깦ᴫ̫ࡣ
ʱ˵أٶ涼Ը⣬ÿһ깦ʲôЩںߵԪ֪ж٣˺ٶԪҲûá
ӳѣÿһԪٶ˼ٶ꣬ͬСɣ͹вҪɣһһӢûǾͺͣǾס֡
ָͯһ㣬һӢüĻǡ
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ǹâһⷴǿðͯƲסԶԶֽеú
ͨӳ̿Цǿ󣬻ұͷͰɡ
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ٶüͷ⣬ƻ裬ǰҹƵӢܲԪû뵽ӢܾԪ
ǻȻ򣬡ǴˣӢл΢ûʲôһܵвԶٵǿ󷨱ȻӢγ廨롢ħ޹ӡáͷȶҪص㱣
ͨӳ̻ȻһͷӢƣĳϡ
ͯӢ˫ͬʱȷ⣬ʱй׼⣡ӢĽ룬ˣɹˣӢ磬зӦ𣿡
߶мңܿӢڱ仯Ӣϳѽ£ӢԽ
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Ӣ޶ԣûκηӦ깦˲ҲӢ߽֪𰸣ʣûѽԪûӦ
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У׺磡ӢϣõʱͨԣûŪ
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ÿɴ塢򡢳ǡ򸮹ɣʮ򹹳ÿһһжֻн縮֪֮ܶ࣬縮߹ṹϵͳ֯ɣӢ˽⣬Ӣ֪ࡣ
ӢûʣƻĵطĴ²⵽ǸطȻУʮһſңҵ
ͨӳ˼Ƭ̺Ӣ⣬ÿʮԪǧԪӦùˡ
ҲֻˣϣԸԳ̾
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ӳһҧⲻϽӢģںԼŰ죬ںϸͰԪꡣ
ںϸ꣬ǧ궼УƼԪʲôֻҪܳʧԪָ
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ӢյȫգûκηӦܴûüԪִ̼ߣĲΪȻ
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ȻҡͷǲܣûУֵñӢ΢仯ע۲쿴׽˵Ӣζͨ裬ﵽ־磬ܳζҪӴʱζɿݺղŴԪζн벿֣漴ʧ
ӳüͷ룬ӢĳԭҪմԪһǧԪԵúСԼʮ߰ƣЩԪӢҲá
ͯ񾭷Ӣ磬㲻ɽתɣ
һҲֿܣͲͨת壬߲࣬Ҫ˵һԪһܲˡ
ǣӢһ仰ߵɻ󣬼ʹתûһ̶벻ǰ䣬ûָһ㣬˵Ƕࡣ
ӳ̾ͨںͰ׳һͷԣӢһԪڣŰ漣ûζзӦֻ֤ԪȫϢߣٶ߷ûӦֱԭȻȥ׼֮ʼƻƻҪһʱ䡣
Ӣ˵뿪һʱûȥǹϵָ״ǣң

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һֹգӢĺܲһϷ޼ңϷԺܿܰһСʶ֣һɢȥɷ
ӢˣܿܰڼӢһСӴߡ
ϵӢҲ̤ʵˣʱһֱעΧׯ˿ֲɱûĲ٣ϲ¶ЦݣӢģͷˣܿܰˮϴ衣
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ܿܰΪӢϴͷϴĺ棬޼Ӣϰ߳ܰһֱչˡ
ϴϣһһ졣
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ＱˣȰ˵Ӣܿܰ뵽ж飬ȥտҪ۸ã粻չ۸ô죬Ƕˣûȥչ
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ϷȰ˵ûãӢ޶ԣûޣܿܰϣܿܰȰ˵
ܿܰĺìܣеΪѣһ磬Ƕ᲻뿪߰ɣЩ˵ֶ֪߹򲻹ͻߣ߳棬ǲ棬򲻹ߡ
ӢߣЦûϣܿܰҪ֣
Ǹǻǻ㲻ܿܰȰ˵˭ҲǿӢһС
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ɫԹɫɫɫɫƷɫΪȣɫΪһŮɫע⵽Ĳ࣬ҪۿΧÿһŮɫɫΪڶͷŮɫɫŮɫ߰ݡԡϲõҪ̬жϳɫжϳɫνɫָ࣬ĻʡԡϣƷɫҪƷŮɫ壬鲻ͬо
СڣӢһһ仺ܿܰϲĪɬӷգ磬ɫŹ㡭ôѧˡ
ӢһҲ룬ɫŹܿܰͷҲ̧дš
編ǧ򻯣Ȼ䲻ڣԸȻ仯ΪۺϣҪз׵ľȵȣŸ߼עʵЧȡ
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ҪոҷϢԣսԣƹ̽ַԲͬƷַͬͬ
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ķƮԽģн˽һΪϲߣ޽̥
͵Ϊܣţö֮԰ΪףϢ㳾ΣӰ١

ܿܰ𾪣ձֲѽƬ̼缸ʮ湦ӳ߼ӻ󡭡磬㡭Щ湦𣿡
֪ɫƤͯȡšԴڣ˵ġӢڻЩ٣дŻɡ
ܿܰһЩ˶ǵ֣伣磬㡭ǣΪʲôйȴ
֪ǴʵӢٶҲΪ˴º߲ûһιȥ
ܿܰԴ㲻⻰˼磬Ҫ֯ӣϣһЩ书塣
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ܿܰϵֽʱöԲߣ磬һҽ书ɲ⣬ѷ˵дֽϣԼȥѧѧʶ֡
Ҫ׼ȡ֣ٶȡΪ
ܰϲ˱ɡ
ҽҪҩԡʡȡ֡ٴڡ
Ӣʵþ鲻࣬൱ãһϸۿԱܿܰдµһֽһڽŲҪ죬ҽżֲ֢ٴ
˺˳˳Է˯һһдܿܰѧţӢɲᣬʼƹϴδӢеõȴӢϸʣӢԴҸɹ˲ԳƵǺʦ߱Ȳ
磬淨Ϊţ棬̲סڸҡܿܰѹڸˮˣ֪ȥ緢ֵغ
Ӣ֪Щ٣Ϊ⣬㴦ûãÿһ֡
ֵܿܰСͨ죬磬ЩвͬҴܽȡ̣ȥȡĻ湦
ûȤܿܰҳȥ죬ʱ䡭Ҳ֪ңǵȡȴ죬û֣غ
磬㡭ȥɣʱûϵܿܰЩᣬӢ뿪ã߶ϣҪޣԿߣӢ

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ӢԤʾŵƻ
Ӣĺܿ죬ΪϢһʱ䣬˾ͺáԳڹһӣӢԼĵӡ
Ӣһͨӳ̡
ӢƻеΣգһʱ䣬ƻû仯ܴɣҽɡͯúӢͶԵӢʼƻ
ãӢֺܾ⡣
ͯ⵷ңֽʲô̬ȣ
ͯ㲻ҶӢӢİΣϵǣʱҲӢԼˡ̾˵ĺܺʵҶӢԼĵӣ߾ΪӳӢγԤԶܳѹڸӡ
ͨӳһ˼ǿԪϷǿвöɡ
Ӣ۾ڳɻ
Ƚ͵Ӣһͳƺжжߣû縮ףһҿڶ֪̫ˣЩط̫ΣգҲΪ׼ȷ˵޲ߣЩǰˣʱ仮֣˭֪ǰжٵӣЩΪǿ󣬲úֲѣǲ˿ԣҲ˲á
Ӣû˵⻰ǴӸ߿ƼˣĸҪЩ߶һ򱶣˵Ż̬ȣΪûִ߿Ƽ۽Ͳˡ
ͨӳ̼ʱӳ𽥼ǿܹ죬ʵһ̶ȣԪᱻգ޷ƣԶ֮⣬мǿأȻγɣɢһǿ
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ǽӿڣʮǰʮһֱûΪñǿԪѹϢЩϢһҷֲ𡣡
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Ȼ㽫⼸أǻأҲõģʮǰѹϢ緢ǻЭ㡣
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йЩӦ飬ôǰ㵽أͿԼӳ̽ܡ
ٶߴӢڲһݲͣð̣ż˸˴ȵߣֹ߳ܲͣǰӢûκβʣ߲ġ
Ӣҵֻ㵽ػһξ룬ԼŬסһܲ˻ʱ˳ɫͨ죬ܵޣòֹͣǰ
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Դη٣ǻ𺣣ʮﷶΧڻȼգȼջ򰵷ұըըһɡסӢ²÷ԪסΪǰڱУһϢһ˽ӡڱǽϡ
ˮܿ˻𣬵ڻ÷ԪݣٷǿԪס𺣣ӢԼǧףӢ˼ޣǰ
ƺ֪ӢҪƻһһ̧ͷĿһӢСӣֵܼ治ܲ˻ȾͲҪǿ
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ӻȻһȸеȣѹΣͷˣζͨӦҪָӣζ
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ӺǺЦҪֹͣȷʵ⣬ջϢǺȡ
ƶַѸתѹӢζл汬ըǰ񶯣ҡҡ׹ǡ
ӢǰȼС泩ͷִηһ˾ԲУǿ鱦Ҹеɶˡ
ǧ׾Ӣ˼ŬʱѣҪϢڻ汬תһһ񶯸
ӻܾûôˣ֪Ӣһ£ϷǽܻԣʮһԸ⽻ѣԱλԭأʮˣǺǣǶ㵱Сѡ
ӢڻϢ𶯣ûܻ㣬û˼ĿǶʮһʮ˶һ
ָܻ㣬СӣҪѧͨ㲻ʹɬҪüĻա
ӢüģüĻʻʢ޶ĿΧȻϢҵͻйڣӿȽǣǿĳζڻҺը񶯣˲Ϸ
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֪вжҪⲽܰһҪȡˮҲûףӲͷƤţӢڣҲǺ¡
ɽҲӲͷƤоհѰ˾ȳɢɽѿҷָˣƷ͵Ապʹã̤֮ʵһЩӢģҲӢֲûа첻¡
仰ʱſӿǧˣһŭӢˣΪĿӥǣԸĿһеӣߣվ
ӢҪˡָΪӺУɱϵܿܰ
ڣˮͳˣӢоƾ裬ûϣΪߣɱǼСӡ
ɤһŭȥģʲôӢˣӢǰƨ磬ųܰ
ٺ١оһһȼû˫ֽӡѹŭЦƾСҲҪˣҿҳȫǡ
ܽЩ鷳ˮӢȵʵ˵´ѾΪƽأѲʹˣˣ벻ɡ
ʲôһЩţڷô£Ȼ֪˭Ǹ߸ɵģ
̲סĴЦȥģʲô˲㿴Ӣ𣬹
ٴ𶯣ŵӢ㡭ȼ񡭡ɱߡ
Ӣɱλ󳤣λûκηɽѾɢӢĵ̣ܰ˽򣬺أӦ뵽ᷢʲôˮʹв㵽Ǹ˲ţȷʵʱ֪´λͲ֪
𺳣û󳤺ѲʹЩ׽־԰첻뼰Щ·ĹϽ潻⼸СӣĴһ㣬˫ͻȻӡŭ𣬡вҡСӡ
ӢӰһʧȥģ˹ȭͷʽ
ٺ١ȼ˷ӢƶٶȺ;˴Ұûӡ㡣
ڴʱӢٶȿһٱϵˡ

Ӣȭؿڱըֿȼӡһȭʧȥ̸зӢ˰ûܿܰȷܰڸڣʧȥĺǻŭ𱬷ˡ
ߴһ˲÷Ӱдˡ
ӢҪٵХӿȣüĺӿȣ˲ס˵ûܡ
ҵѽ䡭ҡҶ¡
ӢСˡ޹ĹǡˮȫȳòûΪ޹ġ
Хл緢ӢûϣЩ˾ˡ
ϵһͬͬ⡭ˮּѡ

ˮڿշˤڵأǱӢһ߳鵫Ҳˤðǣȫɢ˼ʹ̡

Ӣϵַٵǻŭ޳ɷһ߳ˮͬʱߣˤ˳ȥ߷ϰա
ʹˤӢӰһҽŽըֻڿ
ǿԶԶˤȥʱһ죬ҿʱѾʬ
Хŭ׵˸ӢӰ׷ܵĵߡ
䡭
׵ߣҷ
䡭
׵ӢӰһʧţȻܿܰڣûҪپͬʱ׵纮˲ʧӰ٣µǿֲգѹָϢ
˲̣ÿһɵɵʧȥ꣬ԴһƬհףҲ벻ܡ
ţӢգĿǰֹʽ䣬˾ְȴһָʾ
ˮȷӦӢ´Ӣ˼ˣֻӢʰ̯ӣƱȻʧأʱң롣
λκλȫ˶ߣ߶У׸˭ҷƿֲָֻƽˮܼʱųߣ
ˮǸϵҪʱ䣬Ӣжһ죬ü𣿡ͶأûԹӢ
ˮҡͷҲô룬ϤݾʱеǣӢϤ򣬿϶ܣпȵһ
ˮ㷢ûӢڱˣǰ鲻ϣղ㶼ߡһ߱ܣһüͷ
ˮЦһʲôˣ£ָ£ϵϳǻὫ´һ³һܾʮˣֵ
ӢʲôģܰѿһȭҪǶ棬ҵѽǲǡ޵ˣнԵú˷ܡ
ˮش˳ʣһԻ󲻽⣬˵߲ܶ޲ߣûУǣֹĿãǰңӢüǺν⣬Ϊʲôһ֣
֮ˮææϵǣ˼ûϢ·һȦڸӱͺˮƣ͡
ϡˮţˮڸ΢⣬ǡûӢû˵Ļ˭Ц
ˮʹ˼΢ȶ֪ϣѲǺأֱֵܷ𵽶еȴ˳ƴ֣ѼСӢҵЩ
һ⣬ˮô϶Ӣϼ
ܼ򵥣ߣϢ˲УӢϢѰңǵƫԶҵضҵһ˵ֱӴϳǵǣǡϵȫңٲ˵ġˮٴοЦ
ŷܣôȥһˮհˮ
ڴʱӰңңХ¡¡һϿ˸븮ǣǴҡ
ӢˣˮңԶХ˵Ӣٶ൱졣
ˡղŻԶô죿ˮ᲻ҴһͨҲˣӢͬʱ£һӢų飬һ
ߣóſڻҳȥˮųȥģڸܰܿܰڣǲһ޷ѣ
һҲǣһЦſڳȥ

ڶʮ ʶ

࣬һĳУе࣬ȺӴۼ˲ýӽһڣǾ⣬ܵͷ
ӢƾоҵϢһѸƶһ׹˸ͬʱӿ緢ΧתݣʱХ
ƣ׷ױ⺧˺ХһһĵطȻںХǺܺ£û˸Ҷʲôµġ
ʱԺһƯХɫ䣬ʶüͷ㯣Хܹ졭ܺСг
ˣ㲻ǴûֹֹХ㲻Ҫģи㣬ȵ淿ȥ˵ˣһѾȰ˵Ѿʮ߰꣬ߡ
ȷʵеУǳȥվߡ
ˣ汣㣬ҪȥѾӡ˲ϡ
㡭һ
ˣԭңǸѾæ͡
һӢ漣سڴѰĿ׼ȷŭΪ˵
ѾһӡӢСѾͷΪڴת˵Ӣ
䣡
ӢƾͻȻҽѸѾըѾһҽзɳײһߣˣӰܿѾػڹߡ
ˣȻرܣΪӣһۣĸߴᡣ
ҡͷãλҺ졭
仰ʱʮ˽ΧסӢҲѹ˱ЩΪڱٹ£˲ĸ֡
۹˸üͷΥԸɫѿ͵ضӢ񣬲񼫣˽ԺһٴΡ
ˡӢĲ츲ؾк⼲䣬ŹͻȻ˭
˴ʱӢ˼Ӣе죬벻䲻Ӣĺڶ߱ըһʶӢɫ԰ףˡ
Сӡæסˣ£˭㣬ߣǲҪˣ
һЦƿӣѹľɷҲǸ߹ߣҡǰ
ˣø˵㣬Ҫɫ˵ȥӢڣһʱֵӡ
ɷ򣿡Ӣٴ𶯣ۻ˸Źˡ
ЩӢƣƺһѹоܲüˡҲɷΪʲô˵벻Ϥֺİ
ˣĸ߹ݣôּ񡣡ٴδϹˣɫˣҴӦɱˣ̫ˣҪ֣
УԣԣƺһˣֵĺҪ
ӢûḮüͷŹˣܿܰôˣ˲ɫ䣬ķ츲𶯣Ϊʲôˣ۴͵ڸϡ
ͬʱȷǱٹߣûӢּ죬ץӢ
Ҫ˼æ󺰣˲ȥס
Ӣˣڸ쵽˲䣬Ӱƶһƫͷһǻŭдȭ񱬳˲ڸؿڱ
䡭
ɫ䣬ؿھұըмΪʹ࣬һԪȻɢȥ󣬾Ӱƶ
߼˱ⷴ仯ĿʧȥӦ
Ӣø뿪ŭ磬ȭи˲ֻڴ죬׼ȷס˳ˤȸˤһϥңɽ㽫ѹڵϡ
˲䷢ٶȾףʮ߻عʱѾƣٹڸ־Ȼû˿ᱻƣ𺳣ǿϮÿһ˵ġ
ſʮŭ𣬽ӡϴ״סӢ
Ӣŭ𣬻ݶҫ͵صͷŭӸʮ߹޶ԡ
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ըʮ߱ȥͬʱӢӰҽʮʬˤ⣬ţʮ߾Ȼ˲һȼһȫ
䣡
ջһҪܣӢϥŻңڸըҽһٹڣһϥɢһԪ޸˲ϣ뷢԰ס
˵ΪʲôҪϴļ䣿Ӣŭɶ
Ѿ޷شӢʣٹڸ˲еȼͷ޷ʵˡ
ɱ㡭Ӣϥ¼
ȵȡ˴ۻһԱըлع񣬸ղʶΪӢģֵǰͬǾĵʹƺӢ޷Īʹ࣬Ըɷֵû־ľʹࡣ
ӢϥգȻܲǿһѪʹǿлԡ
üͷӢģô£ɱˡֲܿſɢһԪ֪ҪָܻɢԪζʲô
Ӣһʹ࣬վ
ЩӢ̬ȣæҡԺһ˫谵ۣæ𣬹֮Ա㲻£˲áݺݵһӢ
ȿȡſѪǳĺˣ뽾Ը߹ҲϹ
˼æýΪѪ㲻££򸮺ܿ˹ġ
ʯӢһʯʹɫţ֪˵ʲô
Ӣҵܿܰˣ
ˮͳ鴭ŴϵȫʣһɢȥԪĸ׸ּƲȫߣˮ׾ҵ鿴ܿܰ˴ˮоԡ
Ƕô£ȫ˵ܿܰͷ˭ʲôӢ㲻ˣһⶪ
𳳣˺أֹ񾭰󺰴С
ǸѽôǸͷɤűʹ󣬾
üͷݺݵһʯӢˣɢ˸Ԫøˡ
ЦԭѽãһĸͷģӢɱÿᡣ
ȫǺˣ˴ŭ
һ㲻״ܿܰô£ϵﱻɶɱӢΪܱ㡭ϵ
ϳ㯣ҡͷгֹ⼸֣ܿܰ˭ô벻
㡭ɵˣô£ҸͿˣܿܰѽԼ˰ɣ
ܿܰ˸㯡
鼱ˣˣôܣǰӢ磬ͷɱϵ㡭
Ҫ˵ˣˮô£ֹ˵ȥ
ôһ
Ӣᴦãٶ˵ˮһʹ࣬ϼ鶯
ǡ˵ˣҪŸɫ㯣ʶжǰкøУûøˣһΪѡ
ŭӢӲӿϰգʹХұըϿպ׵籩ŰˮģǴˮУΪһƬ棡

ڶʮ 

ȫǴңҽ죡
ˮӿЦһɷתһᱻתɷǣҲΪ
Ծѣ֣ǵѷˣֹͣʮˣǻġ
⻰ԣӢҲѣǣΪʲôȰ˵Ӣ鱧Թ鲻ϡ
ңѣ㯣
ˮЦݱˣƣȻᣬֹֻԣ㡭Ҳڶˡ
ҡ𣿡һʱȣҲܵſڣ㡭ס֣ɱ޹
Ӣ綼ˣ䣬һͷֵôл̲ס
䡭
һұըУӢӰһڴ漴ʧӰʱָˮȴ
˵ǷӡϴӢŸˡ
ʲô˺м䣬ڲӢͻȻ䶯֣Ĳ޵Ӣˣֺԥ˳ȥĿ

ˤ˳ȥˤڵʹ̣ڻץûκεֿ۴Ứ㡭ðǶɱˡ
Ӣôܿܰá鲻ղģһѾˤ˳ȥ
Ӣ۾һ˲˳ȥĿǳ顣

ʹɳˤڵϣ˵ٻѽȻãøףˣˡʲôѽ
㶼ǿˣαأɱܿܰĸףռܿܰĹܿܰţ㲻и˵ʵǰ³ңֲκˡˮĺìܺʹָ࣬ܿܰһĸɱ޸ɱĸˣʹָ䡭ԶܿܰǿӰӡ
ȿȡԼһһң˵ĺã˭뵽һˡ߸ǰõ٣Ҿ֪żʮڸڵȴһȿȡ
Ҫ˵ˡ˰ûӵ۴ỨҪ˵ˡҪϢ˵
ȿȡ˵ҡͷ谵ӹƵӢϣļ䲿ֱĨǷӡҡҪһݣȫĨ
Ӣ֪ʶԨĨͷӡɫ˲൱ѿк⼲䣬һ͵Ʋ൶

ƶַּ̾ңһĲ̣ûͬ
˷Уӵ͵վӢΪʲôɱΪʲô

Ӣֽ˶ȥˮҺܿû˵ʧڴѾӰˡ
ʧȥǣľѸ׺һ𣬡ΪʲôΪʲôһҪɱ𡭡
ܿܰ㱻ϴм䣬˹ȥ˻ãһٴΡƶʲô
飬Ҫ˵ˣ￴ҵиԱܶˣϣҵ˳︮ǡˮ߳Ըˣ޲ߣ˸дʹܿܰעһʹжȹȴΪֻš
Х𡭡ড䡭
ХŭţʨǺԳ䣬ȼգ׵籩꣬ӿˮģϢӡ
ӢںУ˲˼
߷ֺХǵսľոչ찲ӡˣƺкһЦӢΧ
Ӣүүһᱻ˵Ҿ֧֣´ΡҪХòãͯɫ԰ףŵĲᡣ
ӢϹ¶ɫ֪ǰɫ˹¶ĪӢɫܲãʲôˣ˵Ұ취
һϴһӡλָӢڣ
ӡ׽⿪ܽӡһ̶ȿԳ忪ӡҪʱ䡣ü֪˭⵽˶֣ǰ˳˴ûеĸԱ仯أûһüͷڡ̾ϢϴҪָҵһ˵ǰǾḻӢܼӡ
ӷ𣡳¶񣬰ͨʹĨֶ߼䣬оλָЧ΢ĿǰΪֹû˵а취ָϴ䡣ҡͷӢϿǰδеɱΪ籯
Ӣ׺ХХдŹ¶ĪŻһеŭ
Ϊ죬ӢҪԼûָܻϴ䣬ǲ㣬κҪ̬ ϴʲôճۿЦָӢ߸ֶΡ
ӷ𣡡ϺţӢʩһһľԡ
ϺУ˰ɣǶھƮڳˣ𣬺ܳƵ찡ˮϴһҲã︯ץ治Ǹζ
СȤħɴħٵɷΩ²ҡ
Хŭ׵ХӢ
¡
ডɷЦдӶӿסԼƾ׵ըডɣᣬ㣬ɣС磬룬Ҳ˶ɷθڣ漣
鲻ȴȺõӢԼĵӣӢҪ飬ǰָ㳨飬Լķʽ⣬ȷʵϴû˵Ҫָǣܳѹһû˵ϳ漣һξжΣܰ쵽
жߣηò˭Ӣ²û״Ӣܻŵû
һ仰ӢҼ׺Хü˸ߣӰ˫ȭ籬

Ҵں߷׷׾ܣӢǷĵĿ־壬ХľвǣĿǰΪֹûӦ˭֪Żصʲôʱ򱬷Ӣκι¶ᷢ
ӷ𣡡б۾ţ˫ֺʲƼɫâӢ߸ӢʩҷԻسɷ𣬻ͷǰ
ۿЦҾ֪ɷ򲻻ߣǿʼ鷳ˡ
Ӣһʧ
ڣ
ͯɫ԰ףŵڵϹֽУӢүү㡭һΣ˼ҺХսľȥܲˡʲôʱǸ갡

ڶʮ 

ߣҵļңӭǣ
ɫ԰ף˸лع۾ͳޣɫˮߣҪḮ
ǲУӢ˵ˣǿ㣬¡Ӣҡͷɵһ˳£ӢԥƤ
ŭ治ɱɷ򣬻ҪռҼңǡ
ǰܿܰϼһĳˣС浽ѺھӣӢ磬ʲôɤźУֲܲпʵ
ʡʡɣ˵ӢͲᷢ𣡡ˮڿԴںңǰͷȴ޴֡
ҡͷЦˮ˵Ӣȥˣʧٶأλ᲻Ҫܳʱ䣿
֪ҺһӰ룬ֱ֪ܶأˮв²⣬ЩûҪˡ
ǰһӢǰʶˣӢһŷɳʬڸ⡣
˼УȥѰңӢֻӶϿħɶ񡭡ءһҪɱ㱨𡭡
Ӣޱ飬ХʨǺডԳ䡭ķڸڻȼա׵ӿȡˮΨҶ𡭡죬£˫
Ӣ˵ʲôúˣ£ɱڵģͷԣеһ顣
ǡˮһЩԴ벻Źϸţڴܿܰ湦ܼסǶ١
Ϊʲô湦Ժɱ㣿˹ڼȫʧܴڸ꣬һٹΪɷ򣬶湦йʶ
ӢûᣬַΪ⶯ư磬ء
ǴܾХʨǺডԳ־ϸͣעȵһһӢе
ԣʱ䣬һֱϲŽ֮ڳ˼ĬǣӢʯһ
ͺһû֣ԼںûȥЦãӢѽʲôûУ
ˮҡͷǸзӦ칦ӦʺӢʺǣӢ칦Եʽ죬ܿܰˣǰĹܲϧйļ䱻ȫĨȥ벻ǰֹǰĹӦʺܿܰ
ƹԳΪӢüͷƹ
ȵȡ˴Ӣƹóһ飬УҪ㴫ڡ
㵱ȻУǰӢٶֹȫ¼ɲᣬΪţĹӴڡΪӢ߷߲ƽܿܰʧȥ䡣
𣿡һ㯡
ΪӢûˣڡ
Ҳ㴫ڵĹ㣡ٴδӢڡ
ΪɡӢ˼ԣƹһͣһٽӣ⡣
ܲӢƣͺըͷС
ԴɵɵЦӢҲܲˣҶסˣ㡭㲻ٽˡ
ӢϣǲʼԶȥˮȻ²⵽ӢͼܿܰųӢԸַֻʽܿܰ
ܲˣæһ
ųĺǿңΪʲôһҪҪƹ
ˮҡͷǰƹʺ㣬Ӣһֱ㽲ȥܵˣУ㡭Ҫ𣬲Զ
ѽҪ𡭡Ҫֳ㯣ҵɡ
ھͿʼˮȴ
ɫӣСĽţԺûйȥһУʶаѻŵԴκõⱾٶ湦ţᵱɱƬ̺״̬
Ӣվ߳ңҹգ̾һһ̾£֪һǲǿⰲţӰܴʱȥ࣬Ҽƻѵʱ䣬Ϊʲôʱȥ޽һָʾѵѵƻıˣ
ӢҺһ¡ˮĬĬվԱߡ
˵ӢңɼӦ
ˮһ˼ĳַʽסĿ߽봫棬ҲһԶˣֻһڣɱߣܿ췢⣬ǲֹܿܰҪٵǶȡһЩʱ䣬ܴܿܰ󡣡
ãӢӰһˮԺӴ׹˸ʯǶɷΣӢϸ۲Ƭּ̣졣
䣡
һ죬Ӣжһʯмһʯʧʧȥã
ˮ͵͵һʱȫˣ

ڶʮ ǻƻ

Ϊҵܿ⣬ӢزƾϢѰңȽ뱱漴ϸǣӢز첻Ҫһ˼ֱʧš
ӢУңƻͣҵٻƷʧȥӦ;Ʒȱǣ׸ֳûվɣһʧء
ˮ뵽ܻٶֵһʼʹ򷢳ȥһţ뺣㲨
ӢÿලܿܰһɵĻ޶ԣûϣƺһûκιϵ
ˮԴеΣһʱ˼ƶʽٻٶֵܣҹۣ֮
һӢ
ڶģʽ䣬ԭعԱȫڵλ
ԶɢŻ̡
ģر䶯Ի֪ͨ
ȫӢŹԱսľ̵λ׸ַ׷׽ɢŻ
ڻʱõƣҪȫָҪʱ䡣
ˮ켫󣬺䶯ȫ򣬶ӢĿֲ˴Ҫ
ǣΪȡȼݣͬʱ湦κֻҪԸ棬ٶֹҪͿѡڸعԱɹԱڸңͬʱѧУγ̣ѧУȵȡ
Ī棬ÿһ˵ǿԸͨϰջ׸֣һֱһΧݵˣζ
޿ɣˮһ൱Ч˲ָƽֻʧ۰Ͱ͵ſʼζЦ
ˮĴһУʱסˣˮûͨӢŷⲻҪӢΪˣʹӢΪ߽縮Ӣһ޶ԣؼ˵λ˼ҰѼֹܿܰѻŹ
ˮʾ֭취ӢùЩ˵ȫҪӢǣڹЩܣܿܰжʶǿңְѻΪ
Ӣº̸̸벻˵˵İ취ΣˮֻӲͷƤӢ
˵ӢҲŬҲӴ䣬ŬĳֶգȻСһһ㡣
ˮһϲл˵ͺãһһӢʱһ磬泬򲢲ѣһأĳԭ뿪ǵܿܰˣѻΪӪȫʱߣǲڰѻÿһ˶ĨȥɣһܿܰͶ˼ְȫ֤أ
ûȤӢҲܾ
ֽˮԤУĿЦܲܡٿһ£ܿܰİȫҶġ
һᱣӢ޶ԣϳֲɫ
ˮ̾ˣλ˼ҲԸ˭Ҳǿˣϣ˵ܰ
Ǵ湦ҿ԰æ˳ˣɫ䣬ݺݵһӢ
ˮһֱǾϲΪˣǱˣ̽ʵܿܰӦûɣ
Ҫܿܰһһ
ˮʹ࣬ƺҪըܿܰýճˣôֳӼչܷŹᣬʹ໺ԭû⣬ؼǻվһѣȫ׸ֳΪӢǶѹˡ
˺ܴһͨǺãҵθʵȨƹܣͬ⣬Ҿ͹湦ͬ⡭취ȫ˽
ˮΪѣȫԣֹУûٶһԣԭжҪҪԱͬ⣬ûоȨе⾹Ȼ統ǰģʽ߼ģʽʱΪδ
˿Ƭ̣һҧɽҲѻŽ˭Ҳߣҿڣ㲻ͬˡ
⣬û˸ţǷˮ֪ν׺ܿܰӢĵʱӢһ춯ѣҲʱа취ìܼ
Ҷ⺬壬˰æνӢӢֺУÿνгӢҪһӣɴ಻ˡ
ûȤӢֱӾܾ
УһҪͣ˼ˣ湦ڲˣֲ
ڲܿܰӢܹģϣгɣҪ֪ʶ㲻Ӣָ㡣ˮνɷѿģܵ
۾һһɣʱֻҪвĵطӢһһͣϸϳϲɫЩȲϿʼڣٶˣÿһ֣ȻԼȥˡ
ˮĴʹܿܰҲǣÿ˴һֹˣȻľ⡣
˾ۻڸǣһԣǰҳڣĽĳ˸УԹˣΪǱ
˲ЩϲӯӯȲʼڹ
ˮٶƾоѡ񹦷ѡ취ܼ򵥣ֻҪ˴ĳֹǰֹһ˻ڲͬĸо
˽ȴڹٽʼԼΪӢ̣֪ʶḻӢ̵Ļ١
֮󣬻ٶֹȫڸٶˣ¶ЦݣӢ͵ޣ޿̣һץʧڸС

ʮ 

ҵʲôֲϤ
ӢŹϷ޼кԺ㯴Ĺһ鷳գоܲץסֲо
ӢһԲ˫ϥ򵹷ǰĵѪˣϷ޵ĳŵˣȻ˷ǣͬˣʶ˹ȥ
κӢ
䲻һлع񣬡ҡΪʲôҪ򣿡
£Ӣûκء
һڷǰӢʹɫһɽѹûôʹɫΥ
ҡҪ֪ǡ˭ķĹ˳ʡ
ϵӢŵĺܻºͣȻűĪ
𶯣ҪϢоͷĪ˸ӿȣ۴Ĺ૵ϵСֹǡɱǡ
ճ䣬Ӣһľʹ̣㺹죬ͷĿѣֲվڽһԹȥ
ѹʱѾǵڶϣϸŰۣٿӢȻһţϵİ۲ˡ
ҪߣܲѰˤȥԣܰУ·Ӣϡ
ӢվŹ߳ԺǰԺ߲ԫܰϮͷ˵һңּӻУкâ˸Ļӿȡ
ơ۴㯣ʶڸ߶ƺϤһһľ
߳Ϸ޼ң˷׷׶ԹƵͷߵӢҴææͷ뿪˺ܶ࣬ɽɢ֮ˡ
Դ΢Цů紺΢ЦرعͷԻ󲻽ӢǡʶңҲʶ㣿
ӢûӦòļҳ
˵ѽɫڣͲףô£أһ޶ԣ˵˵ˣ
ӢܿܰһһҹûԷȳЩɡ
һʮ긾Ůŷսսˣ¶־壬ķţ͵ӢͷΪͷӢĿֲ˲֪
ãҺöġŵζŸеܶ
֪һ꣬Ҷǹ㣬£ںúõģҷˣ㸸ĸΪ˻㡭ˣӢһŭ´壬ɱߣá˵ˣȳԷŮ˸нӽˡ
ɫ㯣ᵽܿܰǸɱĸףħã̲סʣ˵ʲôãҵļҡ
Ůһ㲻ô£ܿܰôˣǰ㸸ĸ׾Ӣãϵ
ˣӢͷҲأܶˡ
ŮĻûŵæˣ˸һҲˣķ飬˲ҪһΪٵǲŽвңӢԥٵ壬´֤
㡭Ϊʲôô˵ǲǴͨˣʧԣ˴ŭкܶҪ֪ƫƫħΪʲô㣬ǲǾɱˣ
ԷӢ֣û˷Ӧ
ҲԣԣܻˤڵϣֱܲƵһϧ𡢻˵һħҪˡ
Ӣʯһվţƾ˴ַƢƺûκιϵ˼ֶ̬ĸҲҪйһ˸кʧ䣬֪ΪʲôйƬһڵϿһ֪ΪʲôҪޡ
ڰţ㲻Ľô£Ȱ˵ֲܿܰҳӢ־ûӢȻڿڲճ´ѹӢĿ־ͬʱ棬յļ鱻һѻյľ⡣
֪Ӣǵ˷츲ر仯ûӢˮٶ˲Ϊһˣ岻ΪȫصĵطȻӢ򽻵Դ棬ʱ׼
Ҷˣҷԣֹ̲ͣסж
ҿԹ𣿡ŮһԶӢ
˴ϲȥӽУץͷͳԣ㲻Ҫղ˵
ܿܰҸղʲôû˵԰ɣԣҪø㣬ɱɽˣԺ󲻵ûֵأԵĲ⡣ŮੲԵúȣĻر˹˵⡣
ôģһǸˡ˲ϿɣҲᵽղŵ⣬Ҫõ𰸣ղ˵Ҹ˵˵
⡭Ů͵ӢӢûӦ˵ܿܰĺûܿࣿ
ҡͷ˸УҺܺѽҺܺãҶҺã˳ɱ˸ûˡ
ãŮȣ
ѽɷˡ˸˸УỨ֡
ŮݣţʳֲңһԲתߣĺջۿĸױɱ޸ˡ̰ͼܣϧʳι
̬ˣĪӰ뿪׷׹š
һٳԣĿ࣬૵˵Ĳˡ
ӢûˣӰһʧϷ޼ſڣ
ȥΪʲôҡ˼ˣ˳ַ·׷˳ȥӢӰµһʧȥĸ׵Ӥã
Ӣصĺܿ죬ĻмտɣղܵɽϿеĹϲ⣬ӾֻصʵعӢˣΣſڶ¿ľϡ
Ҫʲôӡһֱǰţ̲סʳ
Ӣһ죬ȷʵʼؽ԰֮򵥵ķݳ֣ڴ۹а

ʮһ 

ڵսľйӣӢ־ڴУûܹӣ̸֮ССӱڼﲻҷųĹˣ˹ط˭ܱ֤ŭӢû˸ұ֤
Ҵ죬û˸ҽӽҲԸӽڴУŮˣ˵ͷҴææ뿪νӽûãôӢҹȻָ塣
ų⣬Ӣνܲˣ˲٣ܰߣһֱڸǹʱֲ赭ּʱӹ
ûʳɳԣӢɽҰ伢ٶٳҲܲˣ˵ϣӪḻҰҲȻζ
˼Լ뿪֪ȥųӢ벻Ӣĺìܡ
ܲˣ˶ᣬǾͶܣҪôͷҴææ뿪סȥһġ⻰˵˲һٱ顣
߰ɣӢͬ⡣
ģ˴ϲӢ⡣
߳˽һµ¼ңȥƵƵͷᣬ֪Ϊʲô뿪һ˵˸к᲻뿪¼ңԸ뿪ˣ˶΢һ㣬¡һж᲻¡
˺γù£Ĳԭ¹ˣǡСڴ֪ʶԨΪ˴󷽵壬ϲԵܺãһС˵Ǿ
ʧıӰĬĬվţҲǴˣ
֮˲֪Ĵˣˮ˻ش壬Ӣ͹Ʒȵȣ֪ʧȥ䣬ĪӴԺڴ˺Ӣ֣Ȼû˵Ӱ󲿷˴ź뿪磡
ȥ
˴˴˸лعΪȥǣӢ뿪Ϊ˱ţ屾ֱ̬ܲӰ̬ǲܡ
أӢӦһ䡣
أһɵ˵ûܽȥʵǺߵļȥθʲô
Ӣû͡
˰ûȵӦȫܶ˵һ仰Ҳȥˡ
ɲãӢӰһץȥ˴УҲȥҪȥ㡭ſҡ
ӢŹں⣬л˸Ź˻֡
ǺѽСǲ죬㯣ƺϤһ
Ӣ֣䣡ȴֵȥˤڵðǣûӢ߳ڹԱ߲
˺ݺݵһۣһѣôֵˣô£ĥң
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ȥҪ¡ʧУҲвȥ˶˻ʲôκֽӽζأˤȫʹ㺹죬ָоǰй֣ûѽ
ôǶҲ˰ɣ˺ܾòӢأ˼ˡ
ʱһһȥˣ˵ȵļ٣Ӣô죬ǰڸκ²ҪĶ֣Ӣǿˣ첻֪ô
㡭˴ȵӢţ̲סдſ;
ǰһӢӰһǰϲ⣬ˡΪ㡭ϲץӢ·˺Ӣʹޣ֪Ϊʲô˱ʹ࣬ǰ²ʹࡣ
Ӣһʯƾ˿ڻ﷢йĻӿȣѪɫĬĬһıҽ֡
Ƭ̺ˣܾС¹͵شӢﵯߺ죬˸ûͶһ˵ĻɬĪ
бӢץɳһûٷһɬӦӣ֪ΪʲôķţϤֺңԶԸӢ¡
Ѹһǧ£ڲƽ̹ľïʢˮ峺ףռؼʮֱһ԰
ϲ
аСŮܣһУʵ磬ǵС
һֱһգϸڸ⣬ҹǾѣʲôҪȥѰ࣬ģ˵ԺȥڣˣԸȹһ
ƯСľ¥۾һһƬƽأмһСľ¥ܱ£ͬϵС¥¥µģ£ȻǸսԭһæţҴˡ
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ڻʲô̲ס¥
ƽͼӢͷҲ̧Ļš
ȤˣԱ߿ţʣżԼ뷨˺չ߻

ʮ Ĺȶ

һʱ츲ر仯
Ӣܿܰ˾Ĳ߻ò䣬̥Ƕ˼֣һƬƽ㳡һȻʯĹȡԾȻϣԾɷ衣
Сľ¥һƬݣγȺǱ³Сľ¥С¥Եÿɰ±ȤΪ¥˵Ĺ뷿
ϱ߾ûƻһЩ滨ݡɽСˮȥһƬׯڵأʰ
Ƕ磬Сﵽƻ߸룬Сﲻ֣ĹպŨж
СӣӢסûȤסС¥ʰסУ˼ηЧĲС䡣
Ӣ߲Ǳأ±ж죬һ׿ͨԼʮֱڲνռܴ󣬲֣ں֣ӢǸϢҵ⴦߶ûȥڵ
ĹȽɣ˷˺ü죬²óţӢԴĴ¼档
㻹Щ湦Ҫ¼ڻСѪ༭š
ɷŴ졢ΨҶư硢ء̤ӢҲ󷽣Ӧ
ȵȣɷŹ˵ܰԵģ۵ƾɷŹ磬ư磬£絨սľ⹦ǡļٵģ
˶ϤӢҪ֪٣֪ɷŴ˺٣״ڡ
۴ڣӢ֪ɷŹɷż۲˽⣬ǻ֪ܲ˵Ļɡ
Ǿģ˵Ҫ¼˺ܸˣɷŹ¼ڻϡ
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üԾ磬ɱߣԪֵ׷ɱ˵ˣ⹦ֲܿҲ
Ӣ޹˼Ź㲩õ˹ȴ֪ɷΪز棬ų⣬н棬ֹԣأһС
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飬δҶ麣Ʈ㣬ľ괺ŵ
һ֣ң⣬ιܳ£Դ㡭
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η桢Ϲ죬Ϊܣʱ㣬Щֶˡô˵ˣ˴ߴ١
Ӣû˵
û˾ûˣΪʲô˵֣߸ֳ꣬ӦöˣôǵĹ˵Դڣ˺档
ӢǶں
˳ԾСɷľں⣬ôҲںû˵
ӢûӦڼˣ˶֪֪ˣ߶һαҾԸ£ӢҲûȤ
֪ӢҲٶʣͻȻ񶮺ܶ࣬ܽ𣿡
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˴ϲô˵㶮úܶ࣬룬湦ҽԼСѧʲôأ벻̺֪ģ˵˲ġ
ʼӢͨҪ֣㣬ѡ
㡭˵ˣҲϡ˶ţ֪ѧʲôϧҲ֪ѧʲôֻΪ˴Ĺʱ䣬һҪ̶˵УԼ̣˵ҲѧᣬˣֹߣĹȱٸֹߣУĹ̫һһʱܼ⣬ʱ䶼ںڰУҪ취
㡭뵽ѧʲôˡûӢûǰһţҪ붴ڸʲôҲ¡
˿˵ǲ£ûڰ֣ķë̲סʹУͷڣһӴʹæ˳ôʹ϶ǹ
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ɽ֣Ӣһ˼߹ȥȴ֡

ʮ ˫а

ͬ裬Ӣ룬磬ͨγԱȣǶʮҹ飬ɫâ
ӢվԭûüͷŶ롣
һʯɢϢһԳŮӵŮϣڴӴ׼һ
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ӢϢɽڣŮʮСӶˣʱڽҪͷŮҶʮСӲҶ
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ѹ΢üͷӢԥҽűŮϱ
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Ϲ㷢ˣֿϢʺ㣬Сӣ˱ˣҪϢ죬һʹĿ졣ŮԼС
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ӢھһһʧͷĿѣлԹȥʧ

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ɽڣӢ˫аʮСӣԵǻ
ӢԲѣһһʧѪ˿ɫ԰ףʧ
ͷųӴϢһһӿȳ˫а񶯣ϢѸٷ˫аڸϢͣ˱ըԵ
ɸǶȻߴǰΪӢ鲿󲿷ӴȻУ˫аڣҵйұӿͷš
˫аֿԣǿԪƬ̼䱻ϢͬڳϢγһԲȦѭٶȼټӿ죬ѭͣ˾ˣڱը
˲أӢһ㵭Ʈݣ漴ʮʯֹͣת˫аӢζѭӢĺ΢𽥻ָѪ˿ֹͣ漣
ʮʯӢֹͣ˫а˫аһѹ˫аӾеõϣȫԸ漴ĴϲӢڣٶ죬͸ѸټСǲõıըˡ
˫а˵̫ˣ֮ǾʧٶȴﵽըʧӢڣ˫а޷˱ǿԪͬǿƣʧȥƾȥ·һ
˫аڲɫֻɫͬԪȫӢڣ˫аˣ־ȫġ
漣ڲ֣ϲ˿Ц˫аھ־һĿ־壬ϲɫΪʧݽ֮ʣͷѸѭ
ξϲξ˫аִ̼ܲ仯ʱܶһٶ뿪Ӣ־ԶӢ
Ȼ˫аոմӾԵأֽĿ־壬ڿЦ׽ŪӴѭȦֵӢͬʱ鲻ͷų˫аͷӢý顣
˫аʱˣžĥ־壬תƾͷųӴѭٵȥ
Ӣɫ󣬾ӣһϢ޷ûϢζѸѭ֮ʧżϢܶʼѭϡ
ʱһȥˣӢڴУ˫а־УʮСȻڻС
㡭Ĺй˴УдŵĺͿ־塣
һʱȥˣӢ붴вһĹķţܸܶ࣬ȫк͵һֱӢչڴ꣬ûʳɹҲɱ־˫Ӱ
һҪȥ㣬㾾˹Īȥ֪жĻţҧǰứ꣬ڶʹ̣ǻίҲĿ飬ʧȥӢһڲյĹжȹ¶
ͬʱˮǲ˵ѰӢȻұȫ򲻼ӰӣѰңˮӢˣҵǾͲҵ
ˮʵŵ԰ɻ˿ѧУγ̣ĿǰָƽŬҲӢˮ˹
ƽгΣУضϵƷȶȱһȫҪ󣬻ʱػᱬΪˣˮȫ򷢳ͨ棬ǻ߲⡣
һΣвʱԶվ߳ţûӢ˭Ҳס֣ҵӢǱ룬ʧȥӢ޷
պĪȫˣ֪ܿܰʧȥ䣬Բų⣬ҲӢΪʲô˵֪ӢԶ᣻˷ֳΣһڼֵأһΪѰӢ˺޽Ϸ޼ңϣӢܿܰгһճ־ס
ˡ
ɽ˿òҵɽڲּʯƾκӢû֡
ΪʲôΪʲôҪɱɷ򣬰Ҵط£˵ѽڶҲˣô졭
Сɽںüһˮûþǿ֧ţϣӢ֣ӢԸҲҪּӢӢᰲȫ̤ʵټį

ֲ֧סڵϻԹȥ
ڣͷͨ˫аתӢڣСŮʧȥתΪ԰ףͷתΪɫƳ֡
ಡ
ӳŮзɳӢüģӢָɣ棬վ
ꡭ
ӢվʮΪ飬ʧȥʵشһѡ
뿪˫аڵͬʱһ˿Ԫͷ˲ɰɫƤֲڣһʧƤͷ￿һ
¡ѼΪʲô˫аᡭС

Ӣö˵Ʋ൶ӰŮŲͷ­أͷʬѣʯɷĩɽɫҳ
һտ־սƻޣ˫аһʼԺסӢ飬תһϢн棬Ҳ
Ӣ˫аҲһ۽뵤ңڵҩܶ࣬ҩġȫӢֶЧҩ˳ǣ¶ҹ飬ȥ
ҡһͯŮˣʹ
ûκγɣӢţ֣漴ð棬˵⣬˿ΣӢɽ

ʮ ɢ

ҹͷų͹âڰСľ¥һģԵýĶ飬˻۾ůĵˣֻ۾ܰ
漴͵УˡһˡӢҺˣΪʲôҡ´УһƬڰ
һڰ־г飬ʧ뷿УǡҵС¥ʡĹСľ¥ɵɵҹ飬Ĺ¶įһڵϣӢӢΪʲôҪңҺ¡üį
ûУӢ
˭˷ܾС¹ãη漴У㡭ҲˡΪʲôҪ
ûӢһֱڷϣһʮ죬ʮǰڱˣ´ӶõĵҩһֱĬĬغ򣬹㯣ûע⵽Ӣϡ
㡭ûҡһϲ֪ΪʲôӢûĲϲã
ûӢѵóº͡
ûûһʱûӦ̫ˣȥסӢ·쵰ΪʲôҪңһ˵¡ĥҡܺڰ־塭
Ӣ޶ԣ
˵Ϊʲô˰ǻίͿ־ȫͷŷйӢӢϡ
˫аӢüͷ
˾һ漴סˣƺ̣ӢһκعӢȫ´ûˣ
ûУӢû͡
ǾͺãǾͺáɿ·͵͵һ־ݣǡԶ뿪𣿡
Ӣˣ
ٴξУˣǡɱǣôܡ
Ӣû˫аܣ˷
ɫתʧǡ̫£ĺã͡˺ϳ˫ааŹ볹ǧǰɱɢɣԪ볣ֶβ̶ңɽֳ׽˫а˫аһߣǧûϢȻĹȣ˫аѡˣ֡ʶء
ѹܿ飬ߵֿˣɢɵȻԣɢǰʲôӢҲʣ˫аˣʹûûϵ
˫аϲԪаԲֶΰͨⷽʽССӣĥǶɱˣ˶ӢϵɫдӢѾɱ˵˼Ƕǿߣǡ
ûУӢаͷյ
Ƕˣʡ
ҽȥǰûУڲ֪Ӣŭӿ㡣
㡭ǣҾʵʵ˵
Ӣɫһ䣬Ӱһȥ
ɱǡҾܾ˺ܴæ󺰡
ӰһӢأŹð
һɱҺˣҲ㣬ˡ̥Ĺо༸Щ´²ڡ͡ң㲻ǵҵİȫΪʲôȳ
ӰӢӰʧСľ¥
¶ʤЦݣӮˣĺܿġ
ӢڣƲ൶ַɫĪ⣬۾ں˸
ҡŮͯٴκȡ
ȫɱɢȥӢִŮͯʧٲһŵҩŮͯУҲŮͯŸߣţȫԪڿݽߣȻԪڸɢңɻϡ
ÿ˿ڶһŵҩӢᣬӰһж߿ҹУһڶֻüܳ뵫ƵʮСȥһ˼ץһͯˤ

ַùͯӵˤڵٴλԣӢɴʮСӴȥֱӽ鷿鷿鲻һǧҲܰ߳⡣
ſҹǶĹȸĹ͹â˸ڰ֮ʧֶ﷢ХĹȸ֡
أˣû߳во
ˣӢʼ鼮Щ龭˫а⴦õʱһ
һ˼ӢҪʲôһЦæңˣûдǣҵƽְ취Ҳҡޣ顭ˡ
ӢûģЩŮ࣬ŮԪԪΪٲѵú飬ԷΧܹ⡣
Ȿǣ󷨡ֵȣ쿴ҵһ
ӢϸĶԹмֲ෱࣬עƽⷽ󲿷Ӣٶߴͬʱִص㣬ϣӢҵƽֵİ취
߶ںУһֱоҵͻƷֶоӢȫٶ˶ֵоĵã֪ʶܱȵϵ߲ࡣ
ӢϸĶֶܶ࣬Ʋ˶֣һһһѰңר˫а鼮
˫аã˫аĹ֤ûӢͼѶ·ģǹˣȻɬֱͨ

ʮ Ⱥ


ҵһ治˫аһĵᣬһۣɫһ죬˳ֶӢ˼ٿ˫аԼ𡣡
ӢϸĶⱾ˫аĵȵȣᵽֲüƽ⡣
ӢȴòϣҪһΪƽ⣬ڲߣ̸ΪҲûϣҪ˵ǹˣȲˡ
ŬһƵ֡Ϊ˾ˣԸȲС¥
ӰһӢʧĹУ
ȥһУӢӰӣɫһ䣬¶Ϳ־ӡ
ӢںУ漴ϰ߷׷׳֡
ӢүүҼ˼ҺüŶĿĳţ˼ûҡͯûХһξţÿӢû£
ӢҾͿģӢϴκãû˲Ŀ̹Ȼ򾲶Դ鲻Ӱ죬죬һܵӰСƣ
һʹڰԵţΪɷǴ
ӷʩԹʵȻԼΪȻȻżȻ໥ϣγɴǧ硣
ĴȺзӢɱ죬ѳɣٴȥɱħһｵһиԼӢʱǱ硣
ডУ㵣ʲôѽûӢɫá̬𽥻ָħ粻ΪϿɣɷ㲻ϺˣҿӢһԾŶмκ¡κ׳ֵˣ㻹ҪӱʵɱҪҪ˻ˣ籾͸ӣЩ˲¶˴ﵽĿģǲŸ
ɷΪ˰ӢħſڿӺ˵˵һͨҳľ֣˵ǿѡ
Ӣޱ飬ƾЩߺ˵˵Ϊ˽ã˽мǴش⣡
Ӣ˵ʲôӢӢԼĵӿºͶ
Ӣһ죬鶪ȣȽУ漴ɫһ죬һڸС
Ци۽зģƬ̺ʣӢһǹ֡󷨵ţΪѵãк飬˼Լоҳƺֵķһǵ磬߸˫аţ˵ʲô
һ˫а֪ɽֳ棬˭ܾ˫аѵ˫аӢ
ԼӢö͡
ᡭ۴鷭ģͷ˼ݣ˫аɢɣɢɵȻãҽĺ⣬Ӣ˵˫аܰŽ㣬Ӧʲô
ˣӢ˵ĺɣϰ߶зӦС
ӷҷȱ֮ңĺüëһ˫ֺǰţѹǧû˫аϢӢʩȻ˫а涴봦öȥ˫аΪȥ
һ˫аô򵥣ӦӢйϵʵӢ˫аɱ
εγԾǰ㡭˫аɢɣ
һͿһʱ˵Ӣɱ˫аҪ˫аʽӢӴϢҪɢֵܵΪ龪һܣһԪ۾ϵѣͨؼ
߻Ȼȫпܡǿ϶˫аϲԪӢܷŹ㵽ɣŹ֣
η۾һתЦɷԪΪãħ磬㵱˲Ԫɣҽ㲻ҪŹѵûᣬӢ֤Ƭ̺Ҳֱӽ硣
ডɷ߳ŭһҪҽʵӣסˣﲻһˣ֧֣ԸˣЦӢҴ磬Ǵ硭
Ӣһߣ֣ͷβû˵仰
̾ȷʵţΪһԾŶӦǳҵû²˫аҵϵɷ˵ûκˣκˣ硭ϣҪӡ
ۿЦˣ̽ǵһΣǵڶΣ뿪λɫɱȽΪŨ˵أǵΣĳЩҪʹڷһӣ粻Ź
ӷ𣡡ĴȺ̲סš
ҡͷԣУһϲ̲һֻнûΪʲôӢĴɷ򣬻һ˻ţҸҺģֻҪһûǡ
һŻʹһԶΧߣ̹˵ܳȥһᾡԼûκƺ«͹࣬ʱƣһƺ«
ҾԸ죬ҿͶأүүͯ˷ܵ㵸Ѿ˺
ΪӢˣţԺϰ߸ûãȻƲ˺֣һٶ˺ֵģһԾŶηڸ𺳣

ʮ ʮͯ

ĹƽӢ͹˰Ĺȵ¼ңʱһĹ
ŬͼȳʮСһͿһʱֵΪ֪Ҫ꣬ʮСȫֻ֣ҪƻָȫԼ߳֡
ӢŬͬʱʼҽֵõŵͼ洫ҽϳɾκˣϱѧ;Լĵҩ
ȫƣҲǰѣһŰڲƻҩǰ³ҸҩĶѻɽű¼ӢҪõ
ĿǰֵҩһṦڷãרŸƣԭĵ̫ǿҪЭãӢ˹ˣֻиıҩԣƳÿãΪҩ
ڶֵҩҪǿ󣬵춯س̶ȣ˷òֵҩӢԣַʽֲ
˼ṦƳɹʼһһǿ󣬸ݲͬҩѡ񵤶
ӢſںХ˸üһӢֻ־˰취ų飬˶û취üķų
䣡
ڻ»ҷ𣬻ǿ󣬵ܲ˻ǿ
ӢûκηӦپͻˣûϣƵҩõڶƣû漣˺͵һͬŵϵһڶ󳾡
ӢҲݣҩķŽĸ
ȵȣǿϷɣһɫ㣬۾ڴ߽ͯңӢλãӡ˸뵤
Ӣûԣʼ˼Եҩ䷽ʮСʱӢչ𽥻ָӢӲǵȵȣÿΰͰơιҩ
ʮСʵ֣˫аԲֶСɺͯԶ⸱С󣬾һѣԱտڲᣬӢ⣬ʮҲͼӢͨӢĮ̬Ƚضϡ
ʮСУͯӻָ죬ԳϷƺӢƢҲ˵»ʼûȫԭΪָʮʱֵҩ⡣
֮Եҩ䷽ɹҩĽԳϷͯûæǿûָ֮ǰҲΪΪϧбҪˡ
Ӣŭһл緢ӿȣɫ˲ɺɫͻȻ䵤һɽӢüĻǣӢйһξ飬κ鶼ûҲưԵҩ
ʮС£ǻپգ
ʱʮСӢЩΪӢĳִ˫а˻ӢֱӾȻǣǺεܽӢһͨ˷ֹ𽥸ıУӢĿиߴӢͨô򵥡
һŮͯˣ̽ǡ˫аƶ꣬˫аɣһһβ룬֪㲻ܴܲӦһ£
˵ӢŲʲôˣΪûϵ
ȥԶ˺ۣӽǵĹȥԶᣬͰԼСӣҲֻΰŮͯȻ¡
ͯԣһβ£˺ۣڰһСһвԸᡣ
ԣӢӦܸɴࡣ
ʮͯû⣬Ӣദʱ䲻ǵľӢһԾŶֵ֮ˡ
ǺǡǺǡһʮͯʮͯһǿɵͯӿЦдŲԱΣκʣôƺ㣿
Ӣ
Ϸ򡭡ͽҩͯӣӢԺרŸҪʲôҩ˵Ϸ򡭡ҩͯӾԼơָͯȡԱдżһиӢ˼ҲΪԼҵ
һʮСͯӵһ߳Ϊ磬ע⣬к˭ע⣿ȻʱӢҲ֮٣ǵֻӢ֪ûߵˣһͨû취вΣΰ
Ӣϱ鿴޳ɻǷԣܴ顢ѸУҩͯͼһûϵ½жСӢҲᷴԡ
ô˵ҽͯӣҲֻϤ󷨵ͯӣⳡѣˣʲôνҪһݡһͯӿЦνĿνʵָӢûѡֻܿν
ֽʲôأһͯ۾ڶڴҩͯӾͯӣҽͯӣƼƭƭˣӢҿʹ÷ʹǿҪ˵һҺơͯ۾ڳʹࡣ
Ӣû֨Ӵķ׽ûϣҲҪ
һ桭ҲգϻͯӰɡ
ҼʰֳɣϷͯҲлз
ͯӿЦԼһݡ
ͯʱˣŮͯκͲԱɫһۡ
ҽϻͯŮһƺ𣬵ȻҲ⵱һСѾŮͯЦû˵ӢһѾһͨߵѾ˵ڡ
ӦýСϻͯŮҲʸ񡣡ŮͯЦԼһ㣬ƤΪ֮Ҫˡ
ͯŮ
ϽͯŮ
ͯŮ
Ůͯȡӵݣʮͯӵݲûһ˿ˣһ˸кΣ㯲ãɽճƿɬ
ӢһʯûκηӦĸԲᰲοҲԸⰲοûϵʮͯɱ
ҩͯһ˼ΣϡʮͯϻʮͯñŤʮͯˣӢʱҲ֮٣㷴УԺҵ뿪ģû뿪֮ǰһҪԼκ鷳
Ӣ޶ԣṦɣϵҩɽ
ϰӢ̬ȣʮͯһûӦҪָԪһ˫ֽӡ۾

ʮ Ϊ

ĹƽУʱҴţ
Ṧ½ܿ죬ԼҹŬƹʺԹ츳ΪѸС
ʮͯԪָȲҩͯӴƵҩʮ˷ãƽָһ룬ƻָһ벻ԪԪָһ룬ԪҪָûʮ߰ǧѡ
ͯӸÿһɫݣӢİ۲򵥣һϽɫ״ڣӢһۣܾʹãͯҲ⣬²⵽һŮԣһȹӢҲлһˡ
ͯӾ˼Ʊһѣ״һͬϽװһöнϻͯŮϻͯŮ˼ָϡ
ưɣȻǹȥǰãԪûָǰҲûãϷͯŶһǴ䡢׹ȡ
ðɣһÿƣǿȲǰķû⣬ԺԪָԼưɡͯһִ֣﹤ߴӽûһͯС
׷״򿪴﹤ߣʮͯղطḻƬַ̼ҩġϡʯҵȵȶѻɽҳҩġϡʯս﹤ߣִӵһ𣬵Ѹַս﹤ʱ۴˸кͲᡣ
ִ﹤ֶڽ䣬ʮͯᣬȻҪȥЩղش乬᲻ҲᣬԸٻȥΪҲʹòЩǿ󷨱ＰһǮֵ޶ԡ
䡢ֽʡ١ҩʮȷͯӽҿʼƣַ죬ΩԪ㣬ϻϻϽ١ͯŮЭ
ϻϷ ͯЭҩͯҩĿǰҪģǱǰռҩģ˫аռ࣬ȡ֮
ӢΪûκα仯κڿ죬ҩͯӸҩûãֵҩûã˰׳ԣǿ˳³ܲ˵ҩ屬ըֵҩʺ
Ӣľ˫аµǧ鼮˼ͼҵƺַûΪҪֻҪҵԼԳɳŵ
֮ͯƳ֣ʮͯӰһĹȹ㳡ϣϻͯŮֳֻ䡢ϻͯŮֳֽͯŮֱֳʡͯŮֳ١ҩֳͯҩֳͯϽϻϷֽͯ
ʮͯ𷨱ɫĹգ˵ӦϲúХйļ෴㯡ڰ᲻κ¡
ǡˣ˳ڹ㳡ȴʮܴͯʮͯʮͯһ˫аòֶε¡
ʮͯ˸лعз˲䲻ŹˣӢչ˵ľλˣ֪ʲôϵ
漴üͷʮͯãӢЩƣʧԭΪ༸ĹȻЩڿˣǶʮƺ«
ʮλǰĹԭһˣڶʮλӭסƻĹȻС¥ס淿ţסéݷǸסţǡҿȥߣȥҲûطססߣҪæʲôģԸҡ
Ůݰʮͯô˵ʮƺ«ûкãӢôºͼį
ʮͯһۣǵڲӢһ֪
ϻͯŮʣӢ㡭ǵ£
ǰǸˣҲŹ֣ǰɽ˺ܾ˵˻ţǣãȥɱǣв˵ɱǾ;ܾȥǡ
˺ԥӢˣҪʮͯȡսߡ
ϻͯŮ˾ͯһۣӢȣӢ޶ȥٴν붯ɱǣףΪ˾ǣˡ
ллϻͯŮĸмǰλˣҲΪղŻӢеǸ
üǸ˵˳Ҿúǣôǣǳ
ϻͯŮҡͷӢҵַǣסԼܳ
һ漴ЦôǶ֣Ҳܹû뵽˫аΪ綼֪вˣΪǡԪûˡ
ܴҲӾʮˣȥˣʮͯ𣿡ҩͯӾ˱Ỻ
֪е֪ľ𶯣ҩͯ˸㯶ײɫӢ븮ѵǸһҲһ²ɣȻΪʲôʱɫ
˻ع㯣ллǸͻףǸ˶ܷ޷ƣ֪Ƶġ
ͯһӣ˴зɳȹ׹һȹڣŮͯͬʱϹסˣƬ̺ȹڹϣŮͯƬ̼ȹԺȹԶˡ
̫Ưˣ˷̾ȫ´ţǡܴܲҳȣǸǸˣҡ
Ӱʮͯʧڹǰ˲뱱ʮС
Ҿ֪һ

ʮ ͻ

ĹбǰֶˣʮͯĹȶٴգ˴ʮͯ뿪ɽûȤÿʱʱ䶼Ӣ
ͲףӢһ쵽æʲôʮͯæһЩϡŹûĹߣƣĹҪֹ
ʮͯӢĴͼӢӦֻһЩ뿪Ĺȵ׼һӢƹŹֹҪʲôͯоĹȵλ󷨣ͯӸӢƵͼƣλͯЭ
æµ֮ͯɲסĹȣӴˣڻʧַ֣ҵ
ĹӴһѽֱüͷ㡭㵽ҪʲôЩʲôã˵ѽ
ӢһװʮͯһЩ;֪СӢӢ˲ƹߣ治һ֣ѵ١
ӰһӢϷһʮֱ̳һ״һǧھ¶̴
䣡
Ӣֶ±ڣ漴۽˻ϡ
Ӣ½һ򶥶ˣһͷڵ׶ˣһС䣬ʮˣһкںť
Ӣڣһť𣬽һť½ֹ֮ͣŹˣղǸʾ
ôģ֣Զ˾ϲĪȲ𣬰Ӣղŵʾ˼ΣŴ˷أ˼ҳȣǣôߣأڰѡ£
ͯҡͷⲻͨأʹٳһõĶѡƣƻԶõĶѡ
̫ˣԺɳĹȡٴϲһ̴ֽĺ¡
ʮͯ˲֣Ȼ˫аܿУƲ⣬˼δţӢ˲бø߲ʡ
Ҫѧ˼ϲԽϴӢ⣬ĹоſҹڶȤܸߡ
ԣӢ֣ΨһˣҪϵȥժⲿԭʼִƼʯ˵ܣкܼ򵥡
ھҪѧȤŨ
ӢֽʻӶƬ̼ڵԭдĶ֮ͷԣӢȻ׵ֽ⣬һʦԣʮͯѧУСѧʦδ֪ʶ
ʮ콲ִƼ֪ʶʮһ츳ˣ֪ʶյĲӵʮһ쿪ʼӢֹͣڣʮһ˽ʵʲѧϰ
һʵƷС̨ƣӢͼֽʮͯݸֲ̣Ƴƹܵȵȣװ
̫ˣ㡭ţĺöѽ˰̨ƿأӫƹâ˸ͷܰϢͻ룬ֵУԺڹƵơ
ӢûԣҲû֧֣ǰڸ߿Ƽȱٲ˵磬ûеġ
ڶʵƷǵ綯СܳȻҪùյԭӢ޸һĹеĵͿ﷦ζ
ѧ֮󣬿ĵĿСܳڹ㳡ȦӣоãмСһˣָоһҽҪСܳӦڻϡ
ӢŹϿЦݣûκα飬һůʹһжΪ˿ģЦǶûر
ʮͯҲЦݸȾĺڰ٣Сܳû顣
ʵƷ֮󣬹ѾõԭʵʲҪѧϰĸֲ࣬ԭ̵ȵȡ
ӢǸʦѧϰʮͯҲӢ뻯ÿ˼ͯŮӢ¼ɲᡣ
һʱȥˣĹʮһ˳߿Ƽ֪ʶУһϴŬѧϰƼ֪ʶʵʲջķᡣ
ϾһӣרΪƣ֪㲻Ҫϣܽɡͯһȡ
ϾʮͯӢƺʮֱͯҲûʲôСӣһСӽдƺףʮͯӢūϵ֮ƺҲʺϡ
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ӢӹһӣӴ򿪣âһһŻȼգӺʧ
ͯӽִƼƣһʮͯÿִַƼֻҪӽԷʾԷܵȵȣͬʱԵȷҪͻƣͯ׼һо÷ִƼͻĿǰޡ
ִͯͬƼںϱѧͯӾ²Ĺ󷨣ǿһֻߴ󷨣ڻʾԷӰݵȵȡ
ĹȵִƼƷ羪춯ظĸȻĹе߸ı磬û֪

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ĹȵӢӢֳȥˣôѰĺܲƺĿյʧг⡣
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һҧȻսս±ڣƱ͹ƽʵǣĽչ㣬ֻҪһֻһգĹС
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˼УһգһһҲŻ˫գ˫ֳܲգֱʯ컮ƣѪ磬Ȼ֧
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ģЩȫɱʹˣҽЩȫĨȥ;Ǳɰ׳գԶ޷߹ݣ羡ܿȼɱɱ޼ɵڰһ˱ɰ׳գȻ˵
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ХӢлХ죬׵ȵ˲䱬ʹţͷ˲ջء

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ܺáӢϳ鼫ͣ˵ȥû˼ĹȺܺá
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һٶ־ӢʵҲɣ׼ȷ˵˼𽥳죬Ըⱻڿƣһ
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깦Ӣڣ漣û֣Ҳûʧ׼ϰ߳Ȼ
ҲӢԼĵӿһѣӢЩˣһʹ÷ںûòƣҲƲ÷ʱҲʹòˣȥҪÿһߣҪʱøƷãҪа취𣿡
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ͯһȻӢǰѱǿת͸ǣȻƵ֣˲˵Ӱһ㣬ŻԶա

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Ӣ뿪Ĺһʱˣٶ߹ٿûκͣ죬Ӣһ̬ı䷽ʽ̤;ϧɫûӢ
ʮͯӢҪʲôӢ˵ҲʣʼΪֲǣ·Ӣ޶ԡ
ӢѰҷ԰ҵ԰ν;Ȼ󷵻ӡʵңԭΪмʮѰңҵ԰ˣһ˵ûκλֱ־ļʮγһӢҲмߴäĿжҵ԰Ź֣
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Ůˣ΢̣Сɱӿɰˣ촽Σһۺɫȹ壬˫ˮпӢӷһĨΣǷڲͬ
Сһ˴ʱ۷Ź⣬ڽǿˮ²֪һŶСŮ޲ðŮڻСʮˣūţЩɫ⣬ںѰĿ겢ָָ㣬ŮؿڴСȵȡ
ӣ㿴һ˾ѳɫеĹӡ
˱ţ̧Ҫ߳˳˵ȥк仰ûû߳ȥϲӢְܲ漴ŮӢ۷Ź⣬ܲˣɶȼ𣬹ȥײ
С˹ȥע⣬ŮüͷߣӢߣײȥӢһĴӰ漴ע⵽ʮͯ۴ֹͣ
Ͼ鷳Ϸͯӵ
Ӣع俴Сֱײ޶ԣȻỺ˳ʮͯÿСңԶȴӢ鷳Ӵ˿̿ʼˣĹֵļƻʽ
һһҪӴһ
ʮͯ޶ԣŮŵĴʶָأĴУѽѽ
˲СҪССײӢҽżСأСûκӰ죬СȷƶɵһһǿҳСʮ˿Ʋס˳ȥ
񡭡֪˭Ҫ㡭ṫڰ̲סŭ
ӰӢ˲һȼд˸ʮѸ

Ӱʮ˷ʹҽУʺλѪˮнˮ漴ʬʧˮȾ졣
ɴ䣬˲ɣתۼʮʧ𾪺ߣưɷֶΡˡֲȼдɱ˲ɱʮߣ۽ͬʱţ
ۼǰУӢͷҡƺûκ飬Ȼֶ
ŮһŽŵģ۾һٴ𶯣Ϊʮ֣ͯ²ˣʮͯûκηӦߵԳ֣ư磬ţӵ쾡£סˣǤԻѾƻСۡ
С㣬ÿֲɱ˲գۣȼ񣬿ǡһװѾϾӡ
Ůͷȷʵ֣ߣȴһڸּʮɱˣӦ˵ǲܣĿþ޿ɡ
һ׾װѾһС㣬ʮɰСΪǲǰгְ
ʼʮͯˣΪסС۰зԪɱûЭλŮ΢С仯ûŹ
ǸɫȷʵǺü죬СɱѾĿҲСûһ߷
ϻָƽһɳգѹָгˮĳЩ߻ط׷뿪ϣ߶£෴ȻںϳΣڴ鷢

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Ӱһһڳ칫ɫѿԲ̨̨ǰ¯ƮݣζƢ
Բ̨һͷιڣŰۣǴ۾һһǧϲ˭ҶСūţǸЩѵˣ׷Ůƨɺ
أҡӼæϳ֪ο˵ࡣ
ƻһֱСūţһẦ˵ɣʲô鷳Ǳֽѵˡ
ˡƻϼ鶯
һСūɱ˭ɱˣûϣֲǵһΡ
ƻҡͷѵɬ촽ǡǹӱɱ
һкâ䣬һһ˵
ƻʶһλһһСūţ˽ʵսթΣûԳţٹӲ˷˼ɣϢ˵ٹӼܴײһСۣһȼʮСӣӼʮ˱ȼ˲ɱˣֶκݶֲǸʺ
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ҡߣϣ㲻ĳٺ١Цкâ˸ˣˡˡ
ۻںζӢ̶̬һӺŮҪͷӰƻųǸʮԴ
ϲݣϣ
һ߳УԺߣ۾ȴӢĿȷҪ̲Ӣ
СӢ޶ԣʮͯŰŭ𣬼ߣ滭ֹͣŮѾۡ
վסܳǸѯסϰ뿪Ӣʮͯκ߶Υ
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һųЦһȼҡײƭСʹһһŽͷɡ
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öֶΣҾִܾɱִԱ㡭ϲ֪Ȥ־͸УƻӲͷǰ򽻵ûѡأǳǸԱִȨең뿪Ρ
ৣȺӢվŲ
ƻһ־֣ãԷûڶ֣ᣬʽѰҿܴǰɷǵԡ
С㣬ɱִԱѵ£װѾ壬ɱִԱԣҲô
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С˵ĶԣҾǣ֣˭ͻȻðߡ绹ǵõߣһѾʡ
ŮûӦһǻʡ
ʱƻľӲͷƤӢ϶ЦݣλӣղɱǳǸִߣԲ˵øһˣڵ㣬Ҫ󻯣
߰ɣɧϾϷͯԵò͡
ģһСӶҫľˡƻҧгݣУȻʮͯСӣ͵غһ֣Ȼ㹫ȻִϳͲϣ񣡡
ʮִһƻթգԼܵ棬ȥЩִ߱ѡ񣬻һۣͬʱħӡʮ׹˸γɾӢ
ӰӢˣɵ৵Ĵ򿪣ȼգʽڼʮִƶӰִ߷׷ײҽеء
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ХӢһХţ⣬˲ɢ䲻֮±ϮΪ߲ҽеأһ
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ƻųҽƻӰеڵϣ漴ʬֻɼ顣
˲üĻǣ˲ʧڶȻӿƺһں²ܡ
ӢҡˣʮͯںţԸղŵɱûϡ
С㡭Ȼȥˡڰ׾װѾɫԲ԰ס
һѾҲòϮǣŮʱԪסѾȻҲƤҪһʱָԪǾӢ̫ٶ̫죬˴
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С㣬ǸСӽϾû˵ôһҪҪȥȥװѾ壬ԾԾԵӡ
Ů΢΢һЦӰǷȥѾϲֿˣ

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ӢĿнǣ߷׷ܣԶԶעλɱٹӡɱִߵӢۡ
Ӣ߽һйģ꣬˺ܶ࣬׷ΪӢڳλӢҵһɾӻ£ʮͯҲ˵׷
ʣλʲôϰһŮӣΪڣΣȻĳ־Ⱥ𾪡
һ죬㡭ϻͯŮһһЩʳƷϵȣ۸񰺹Ӫḻһ߳Բ𣬾ϻͯŮЩʳҪϰٸҡ
ԵȣŮϰ˿Ӣ˵ľתȥ
ŮѾһǣһʳкǵǷԱҲֻӢϰԳк
С㣬Ǯӣ᲻ǳ԰ͣ׾װѾʡ
Ů̲סһЦС㣬ԴôһЩϡŹֵ£㿴˼С˵ͲûͷûԵġ
װѾС壬С㣬ǺϾѺòãˡ
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ѾһûڣʱھһƬû˵Եúܹ죬ƺһö붼Ѿ֪ȤĲʡ
ƫƫв֪Ȥˣһӣһѩۣ壬ͦΣӢвƬ촽̫˼ոо
漴ֽһһŮվû˵
С㡭ɰˣһۿŮ϶ʱЦݣ˿գߵŮԱ£۾ڹâ˸һһŮվûʸͬ
Ӣ߾ȵĴŮһʮŮòƯˣܳڡΪˣںϣ᰾ʮŮ֮һ
ѹ߾ȣһ磬֣һ㶼ڴתܴﵽѾܿɹ󣬿Ѿ˲𣬱ٹ߸ټʹҲٵںڸˣ˵ںڣ˵һΣΪں߲ԼƷ÷УҲںٵڱһΧڷС
ں߲Ҫ±ٹߵȻҪ±ΪͶɴ˰ÿʮҪһβ飬һΪ粽ǰһңδЧĨȥͽ
ա⡢ٹĸ׶߱׽࣬һҪŬһ߲μͶͬʱ׬ǮʯΪᣬЩԶԸ
ںͬùһҪͶҪһЩƷƹʵһЩԪЩƷתա⡢ٹУ۸񰺹󣬵ãҪ
ں߳ͶҪŬ׬ǮҪΪҪṦҩʯЭҪͻƵǰʱҩʯǷ
粢ôã縮߹ƶֽƶȣȻκᶼðߣҲͶȡߣЩһʽ۴ңΪȻȥμͶǮԹӶߣ߽ɼ˰ȡȨú
һϵҲ⣬иҵӦ˶ðչᡢӶᡢ湫ᡢֳꡢóȵ廨ţЩҵЩƣЩΪ˽˲ҵֻ֮Ҫҽ˰𣬹֧ߴҵ׬Ǯ
ʮŮУ湬С㣬湬ǮƣȨĵطΪ湬С㣬ᰲòμͶҲõûǮҩʯ֤ͨԵɽˮ
С㣬Ҫƨһʮʲô˲ѾС¶顣
ʮӣתƵϣʮŮʮӣ֣ʮӻΰ룬ЩΪǮƵҲмƾ߽ʮŮʮϵһĳֲ²⣬ǿѨ磬ʮʮ֮ȷʵ
۾âһ˲伴ţҹȻҢѹӵ˲࣬湬С㹻ɣһСѾָֻš
ҢѹĺƣֻҪõĶӲʦˣƢ𱬣һˣ̳ĵӽԸĿһУùӳƺλӳãҲпɰһ棬ŮӲ֣νϧߣҲС֡
Ůᰳţ˼ǰʳϣ۽עӢһһʮʮӵһЩõİ취ǲǣӢǰԸӡ
ŶҢѹͨ۽ϸ΢仯ע⵽ӢʮСӣһȼߣȤˣ漣ˣιѣһġ
лӦͲӢĸԣҢѹкâһվ߹ȥԹԼʮͯм䣬ץʳͳԣһҵϣһ򿶿󷽣С˼
Ӣ޶ԣʮͯƺûˣҲʳﱻԡ
С㣬ǲģϾ鷳ѾС޲Ӣ˲䱬úýѵӡ
ҡͷʮУλӽԸĺãԭ򣬲ŮС֣Ҳ˶֣˱߿ɰһǧǳĽύϾֻǽύʽܲˡ
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Ңѹ˿Ӣ̬ȣҲһ̬ƧߣӢ̬ȺãθڣôƺΣ
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ϻͯŮӴóһѾ°ɫСϣ۾һһ÷ʲô˼
ϰ壬ԽʳϻͯŮ˴𰸡
ԼٸңС԰ٸϰ׬ˣ߰ĽΪ˭õһϵȷûںڣ߱ƲˣʹںڣҲһƳ÷ƼƲϡӴԪȵȾںڸָΪŮϰˣַŮϰ׾ٵõˡ
ϾˣΪӷ񣡡ŮϰĻشٴһõĻᣬҶףŮϰô󷽣ǸлӢɱ˳ٹӡ
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ѣȵȡҢѹ͵վһӺ󼸰ٸҳϣʲô˼𱾹ӣ˵ǾҪ룬ǲӡ
ӢĲŹ֣ûκͣ߳ꡣ
ҢѹɫѿʮӽԸҢѹӸ˿ѵöһȼʾã⵽ǰδеΣͣñ˳Цƣ
СվȥӢ뿪ûԣѾһҢѹӣӳ֣ԺúһͣʳûԵ뿪
ôˣҢѹüӰһ׷˳ȥСȵҡ
ʮʮͬʱλһֲߴҴһ£ڶˣЩҲٳԣʸȥ֡
ŶôˣŮϰ巢ϵСˣôܣոջڣתۼûˡ
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ŮϰҡͷǣҢѹ뿪ʱСڣǸղͻȻʧˣұдϾ
С˲䲻һиڰУ֪С¸߼𾪣вõԤУС׷׽뿪
=================
½ڣǰ½ȫ޸ģҪΪʵӰ첻Ϊ½νӣ鲻¿һǰ½ڣվĶǰ½ڣƿ߰㣬벻ҪΪפվֻ޸ϴ½ڣվûϵش˵

ʮ 湫

ǣֵǽճİӪҵճţϰûһ⣬˵ͷҴææ뿪徲
һΪӢɱ˳ٹӡɱִ𣬳СǵףɱٹӣȡֶֶΣС޴Ӳ²⣬ݳĺĸԾɣܿС޹ߴﵽĿģĸҺһڴߣһӢѡ
ִߴִṹ繥СǽڷƮҡлС߸еؿѹһɽʯ
Ӣվڴֱ۾øйѰֺ췢Ϣ԰Ȼһ¶ֺ߷ϢİӢҲְֻ취Ѱҡ
ʮͯϰӢֶվΧȴ
СѾϵ״һӢ־ٶ񣬴̫˰ɣ
˼ô̫ɰˣҢѹӴһһŮ˽ųڽͷСӣλһ̲סС㣬ܹһ˭û˿ϢȻǹȻ߶
ϾѾС͵֪һЩƨ档
ҢѹһϾû˵ɣһֲҳƺΪѽָڿˣ˼
Сһɣ֪ƨ治֪Ϸ£Ҳ֪Ӣ˷ѿ׻ǵȻϾɱĶӣɱִߣ𣿡
ʲôҢѹоһû͸ɱûʲôˣ˽˶Թִ߾Ͳͬˣûɱ˲֪ϾΪУɫЩѿСˣߵǼСӲɱִӦò⣬һɣ
С̲ס죬СӸû֡
ৣҢѹûסû֣ɱߡ˭ţ
ΪʲôţС޲߶֪ӢͼӴ׵ɱִ߲ʲôɱʮ磬˼Ͼ˲ɱ˼ʮЩִᶼûУѽǸٹΪڿڳ׶ΣϾҲһȱҢѹӲſѽ
Ңѹ侲鷢չⷶΧΪʮ֮һٽʱҲûãֱܸоӺ;ǳƺȴܴ󣬹ӳƺҪɾм仹ҪܶŬȻԷ⣬˭أ㲻ĳֿ鷳Ź֡
Сû۲쵽ҢѹмɫԸʧʮӲǺһˣߣ˼ϾֲߴҴһ£ʮûá
ԭˣѹǵɫд·ӡҢѹӻȻ
ʱӢ۾ֶͷȥҵĿˣֺϢҪҵĿ꣬ȱһҡ
ǸϣСѾ档
ôٵңҢѹӸոճ侲ֿ̬ЦС㲢ߡ
ߴźǰ湫ᡯĸɫǶϣԵɣӢ湫йâ˸
ͯŮ͵湫縮ֱӹطûȨ棬ȨҪЭ湫ǽ縮ߵһֶΣѵطϽΪ֯빫ᣬ𵽼ලãͬʱطḺÿʮһεΪ飬ҵ湫Ҫʱ棬Ȩ
湫ߺ٣ż˳ӢͷҴææ뿪빫߻İ·ء
Ӣ빫ᣬǽŸ˵͹涨ʮŮߣ̨òŮæµͻȻп̣æͷ뿪ӢվſڳȥװʲôûòŮͬʱվӢͷûκηӦ
ɨһۣӢڲȥͨԺſšԱڡĿ֣ӢˣȻ˽ȥ
Ӣŵһ˲䣬͵վ壬漴ˣСѾ˽ҢѹӺˡ
С㣬Ͼ湫ʲôֲߡ᲻鷳ѾСһ߸᰽ڲţһ߲ʡ
Сû˵Ҫ֪ͺˡ
Ңѹӿһ۹̨վıֱòŮߣмһˣŮȻûߣһµҪ󲽿š
˲仺ͣŮһϣԼǹԱٶ뿪˲ڿյģ

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湫¥ӣһ϶ЦݡϹϾǳһǻ᳤λ᳤ϴŲмһˣʱ¶ɫ
ˣĿѽʮִͣ㾹Ȼû¶棬߿࣬Ǵ󵱼ңļơ᳤䳰ȷ
İ᳤ʮ˴ڣȻϹϾ᳤ˣ鷴ұ뵽㱨ϣ᳤ֻ
᳤ΪȻɫŨЩģ㼸᳤Ҳǣи˲ʦֵýӶѽʵϵף˵һȼУÿЦ𡣡
ȷʵЦ޵ҧгݣŭǺ޻᳤䳰ȷǺɱӵӢֻԼ˽Ͼ߸ʮСӣǲƻȥ׽ãƻڵļʮִ˲䱻ɱƻΪ᳤һû˲
ʮСӣ᳤ϴųЦ
С᳤ˣʮСӣȫߣǵˡȻʮСΪСӴͷβû֡
᳤üͷЩϢڳ֮ǰѾ֪ˣȷʵеƣ֣ûϵҡͷˣڸ㣬˵ϾҵһûᵽͬһȼȻߣδԼŰ졣
лл᳤ָ㡣ȷӢһŭ޹˼ʹøֶΪӱ𣬵ǵ֤Ŀģ᳤ˣҶӵΪڿڳ׶ΣȼɻɱߣҸЩִ߶ɲóϣ᳤׽ȼ񡣡
᳤ܲ׳ʲôע⣬ЦӵõʦԴڣΪ˲࣬ȼΪʲôʦ֣
ԶЦݵ᳤̫ǫˣ˭֪Ǳٹڸ֣ǴΪߣҪ˵ԼУҵ޵ݡ
𣿡᳤˲˻ֵҪĴѾõˣȥɣһ֮а첻ʦõϢܿϵʦͽ׽һȼ񲻳⣬ףǡ
Ĵŭʦͺˣϧڣʹʦڣ᳤վԱ߿ϷȻϹϾ᳤
λˣϡϾˡһŮ߳ŵĻ㱨
΢ĿЦڵҪλ᳤Ҫƴǣܰ첻湫ɻ᳤𣬻᳤棬Ը湫ĳͷ
᳤һ͵վ𣬡ʲô˵һ飿
ŮķţˣϾ빫ʲôҲû˵ֱȥ
⡭᳤ɫ˲԰ףϣκᡭȥʲô
Ů֪˵ˣʶҡͷ
᳤ˣ㿴Ҫرȼڹ𣿡᳤֪ôԵرĻ᳤
᳤û˵ûȤٺĻϲĳԡ
һ˿ЦӵĳҪԳ棬λ᳤Ϊӱĵһߡ
˼᳤վɫ࣬ҲȥżʮִߣԴ⡣
ںţٽʱӰһʧߣɫɭк˸һԹߵ̬ȡ
Ӣüͷڻ״̬֣ѣֵ״ûͿһַΧȫƻǰ޷ȷǲǵһٺ޸
ʮͯӢ⣬γӢϰٿܣÿһӢԵֺ̺죬ǵҲϰΪΨһͬǣӢѰңĿŵע⣬ӢΪʲôҪģʮͯĿǰ²ⲻ⡣
СѾüͷǾͲˣСʺϱٹʹãֵӢע
ιѣȥҪҪҰ㣿Ңѹ۾һ˿ȴЦ棬ԾԾԵӡ
Ӣüľٶȥ˴֤֣н죬Χӡ
С㣬ʲô˼˰ַˣѾСᰡ
СʶҡͷҲͿˡ
ҢѹӹЦ˼ǶˣС㣬λҪʲôҪæ岻ݴǣ
СţʮҲЩСûҲûԼʮ֮һмЩ߽һӢĳӼᶨ뷨
Ӣǰ棬ĺʧǵܾĥ죬һ״ͬ
ԭ죬ѣ̵ִĳʺϱٹߣ㲻ʵɣ밡ҢѹԵüΪ顣
Ӣعÿһ᰺Ңѹӣƺ͸ģ湫ȥⲻҪҵĵط
᳤Žʮ߽ǰ棬ʮ߷ΪȼʮΪߣʮΪ׶ߣʮΪм׶κ͸߼׶ߡ
ԭʮŮеСʮеҢѹӣѹǽһٳѪζλȻΪУ룬湬Ҳô
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ʱһĴˣΪʲôûȼ߸᰺ҢѣΪӱصͬʱģѣһҪٵ湬ˡ
ÿڲţһɫͼִ𣬿ڱͷϣӲ鷳еΡҢмѹӵ̬Ⱥܷµ磬ֹˣһЦ˭ϣǼʶһ±ӵֶΣǻ᳤ɣҪϣ
᳤еϾͺˣΪҢѹӣȥҢѹӳ̨׻ᣬң߰ɣʱȻ湬ֹ
Ңѹӱ촽һ򣬲мвңûãҿڳֺˣαҪء
С㣬ʲô˼ͻȻˣµ磿Сʵ
ᰵͷ˼Ȼ£±ûϵǺһ᳤֣˽һӴˣȼҢѹΪԼǱȳ֣ΣǱģƢһ֪ԼĵӱԩܰݣĳЩͷö
ѾͷȻСϼ飬ƺˣһΪе磬ûá
Ů̸СڳӢߣһ
᳤ɫ䣬кգΪ˱鷳湬ϽȥǲŽ鷳˲ǣ湬ǣСǹȻĿǲ湬籩С
ҢѹʧЦСӲļưɣǿ֣鷳ĪϱӣӲˣȻҪ档
װûȷʵ湬Ͷδ֪ΣУ湬ûϵҢѹܻȥΪʦͽˣ湬һǧ߻ᱻۡ
գҪ˵ļƣСˣСֻԼ档
ӢȵĲˣһߡ
ȵȡ᳤ӲͷƤʱûӢߣǹȻСһڽ縮ûһ𣿡
Ӣ޶ԣߣôܶͿԱ⣬ҲƽĹֲƶһϵмƻڴӢʵ֡
᳤ɫѿϾҲ̫ˣûκ˷Ի᳤޲ߣУһܾߣʹִҲҪʮСӽٲ
᳤㲻ҪƤѽóʵжûλѲߣŶʮܳΪ˵󻰰ɣҢѹΩ²ҡ
⻰ԡСˣ᳤ûϾ鷳ϾʶһֺҲûʲôԹûκʧ
᳤ĴϲмС㣬û˼ӱҢѹӽˡ
Ңѹоһ˲伴ţЦԣɴСʲôط縮氡ôƣ˵ˣ᳤Ѿúˣ߰ви𣬹
᳤ӦǳڰУˣɡ
ٺ١Ц˳᳤ˣӰ㴦ûҴţˣȷʵλϾûԹκʧǣȨ֪Ҫʲô𣿡
᳤һ֣ʮλӰнסӢ˵ĶԣǺεȵط롭
Ӣȥ·ɫһԥſںХâһüӿϮ
һüܷų棿һֱΪӢüĻǣһǶѣ˭뵽á
ʮ߾̫ǿӿȶϢ˲Ϣ֮ѸȻٶ̫ˣ˲ûڻУŲҽΪҳ
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˲ʮִһһִѾӳȥˣǺˣһһθе־ʲô
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ᰵʱ˲侪˴ѾʮִѾӢûκһҡȥ
С㡭ǶɱѾСŵ˵ԭΪӢֽ˭˵ĺ档
û˵һʱʶӢô򵥣ϴ۲˺׼ȷӢʧˡ
Ңѹѹĵ𾪣ŹЦһ۳ͻ᳤Цλţ½縮԰²
ͻ᳤һۣӰһȥ
ĺܺܲ˼ܳڱ֣ΪӢʵ̫ǿ󣬻᳤һ˶Ըˣ֣º縮һŹ
ণӢ͵վԭأźХ˸ǿ˲һֹϢڹڡ
ҽһȥӰ˲ʧǰ
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Ϊ᳤ĺǱľӳԪӤΪʹӢӮӮúܳ࣬Ӣ׾ɱɴ䣬˲ɡ
ʱ߹ߴ󲿷Ѿߣ鵽Ű𣬲Ժٶ򹫻չ
Ӣһ˲üģԥȥֻɱûϣСһֱӡʵѵҪģʵսȫԸеˣѵѵһѪȹ
鷵أϢʧֹͣȻСҢѹȻɵɵվûع񣬿ֲᡢѪȵɱȫģӢʲôʱ˶֪
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ٴפվֻ޸ϴ½ڣһµʮ£վûϵش˵
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߽п죬ھˣǵĵĳΪʵЭ׽Ӣɳ֣ѵͷΪǰȫŬΥ
ߺλ湫ᷢ߶֪ˣλĺֱ޳ܵĳߴıӣȻװӣһ
ǰձѡ񣬱밴ճ׽Ӣ磬Ҫܽ縮ܾζ̤һ·ʵһֱϣӢɱ˳ɱ˳ǻṫȻף
ǳ´ɳִߴӰӶûò²⣬ǳһ磬ûյ¶棬Լ
ʮһʯɽڻߺɽ¾жڿõĻɼ˲⡣
һöƣмǼƵӣʱˣһȻǳһɫӣɢɱŭŮɣˮԼԼ¶ѩȹġ
ΧվʮŮԣ˫Ķѩ״˸˹âӽ͸ɴ޷Զ룬ӻ˱Ůԣĳȥ޳⡣
ʱɫ򾲣ϲɫʦ֣ⰡϾļͻȻðǴæҵ˻ᣬԺֻҪںһѣϾֵ췭ظ
ɱӵͷ׿յĺܺãʦ˼ѾõϢ㰴ԭƻжס¶Ϊʱ磬ֻڰжκԼܴ⣬һϢй¶ȥء
֪δ˽˾ףϾǸɱִûϵҪɱ񣬺ٺ١ͻɭֲɫŻʹ࣬ϧСǸɱˣҪٲ
ʦɫһ䣬׿Ҿ㣬ǧҪʦĴ£ǸȷʵǣΪطһԣֵļɹΪʰ̯ӣѾע⣬ûһԼС
ǣˣԼ˼ķš
ʦֻ׿ʦ飬ϾΨһĶӣģӲǴ֣취ֳ棬湬η籩ֻҪ湬˾ͷ֮иŴɺ͸ֱǣУ粻ҲŹ֡
ɭɭʦַģһġ
׿ļƹˣΪ侲Ǹû֪Ҫʲôʱ뿪ǣһ˲УʦҸ㣬ǵڰȫԸ֧֣һöƣҪʱ˵Эʦóһɫֶ׿
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ʦֳǵʦõ⣬ʦ˼ʦ뷽跨ӽǸ񣬾ͽලҪʱвݼ񣬾üڲҪߺҹƣܰѼ죬Ϊ̫ɫֶοֲԪӤڸɱ̷ںߴΪνӽǸԼ취
ǣһֱû˵Ůɣɫɴ´ö
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ʦֽܵʦһ¾ˣȲʦãʦ˵ʦй츳ǰ;ʦãɽȡɴʦ˭Ҳ֪ݡ
ǣͷ
ɵʦ֣Ҳʶܻʦã
ʦֹЦʦ˼֣ʦȻΣһ㣬ᱻ˷֣ҪС磬˲ĸ֣һǰ
ˣͷ
ʦãõĶó׿ʦֵ
ǣһ죬ѩгһѰɫСӢϰСϰ巢ĪʧԭλϢߡ
һСϢ˵ˣòʶʦõ̲סڳʮ֮һ᰺ͽԸҢѹӣûκη֣ʦΪҶ󡣡
ʦСüͷʦãܿСƼ𣿡
ҡͷһ˼ѽȺƼǰûУ缸Ҳûּ
ʦһ£ѽʱܽ׿ûȥʦǵ˻оϣƳСߣһöС£ǸͲˣ˭뵽Ǹɵġ
ϵСһʦУʦϸţһ㿴СƼǸ񲻶棬ƳȷһһӴ׿Ӧ֪ôĴҲ֪ǧҪü֡
֪ͬʱӦ
ͻȻʦ֣ʮСӵҡ᲻ǹģּලǡĿģ
ʦֻͷܣ룬һȼʮСӣĵҲģʦãз𣿡
ûУҡͷ侲ʮСӾ򵥣ΪߵľˣҿǵΪж
ʦһǾ˵ʮСӵΪֺܶࡣ
ѵʦãǸˣ˲Ӣʼѣư磬̬ϴһֹ¶įϢһ仰ӣഺŮˣǸһԵͷתһҪⷽס
ߣһǤӣ˲һ漴˸γһӡгƺһɽ
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Ӱһʧɽڡ
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ʮ ٳ־ɫ

׿뿪ɽûŷǣǶһׯԺУߣͬӵγʼͻֲȻδ⴦ׯԺ֮һ
Լ壬ҲʦֻԼȰԼȫҪģˣ⣬ڶӵԼͬʱˡ
ˣһӹվԱߡ
׿վڷӣԹʵ׼ˣ
ӵˣγʮˣֳж
У̫٣һˣΪãһ׼Ժá׿ɭɭ
ǣӦ
ʲô׿ͻȻʡ
֪ӻشϸɴࡣ
׿䲻ʡ
֪ͬ֡
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ǣӵĻشܼ򵥡
ڳһռƻжǧñһʱȫԸÿ˼һ׿ͷҲأں󱳵ӡ
һȭʧںڰڣƬ̺ϰȻׯ䲻һСŮ·װһɫɫɣһ塣
׿ɭֲһֱϰ뿪ׯԺˣƶƻͬʱ˵ˣƬ֮׿ЦʧںڰС
Ӣ뿪ᣬ׼뿪ǣڴϿҩĵȵ̣߽ȥ漴뿪Щҩļ۸񰺹󣬵Ӣۣ෱࣬ʺϱٹʹãƲҲãҩҲͨǵķҩļеȵļֵ
ʮͯں棬Ҳ̣ǸмһˣɢҪ˵ЩҩģڸʹõķǶۡ
᰺ҢԶԶţβûӽҲʶд·ҲӽӢʱ
Ȼ˵Ĳ߻£ܶܵ鷳
ͻȻ侲ĵУǵӢΪĽӽÿ˷ӡ
Ӣûٽ̣˵޶ԣɴվڽƾ߽ӽҡȻػȼա
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ϷͯӻҪɱˣȥ
ӢûӦ˭ûϵЩʲô
СüͷǼװܣߵףϾΪ繫С
ѾС㾪ȵС㣬˵ǳŵģ
Ļϲ⣬˭Сܿ϶Ͼɱӿʼ߿ʼֲ̿ʹ࣬ǰһ
С㣬㲻ɣСʵ
СʱΪѣֹⳡɱֹ߽Ȼⳡף湬ס
Ңѹϴֻ飬С㣬Ȥ氡ô㲻ְæԸ棬һ棬綯ҲûУȫ߶Ըһ״ΣȤ
ɣС̲ס
ߣҢѹɫһ䣬漴ЦЦɣҰæǱɣվæʲô
㡭СԶԣͷС㣬ǲӿ⣬Ͼ˺ܲǰ
᰻ѡҪΪ湬롣
࣬Ƭ̼ʮߣΧˮйͨĳЩ֯мƻɱƶ£ߵΪ
׽ȼ񡭡
üܳͷ
հ
һһŭ˷ȺУ߸źУмʮ߻ܻɿá
ɱ˼ҳ콱һɿнӽӢǳׯԺгֵĺˣܳһ˷ֳҪʹ
Ӣ죬ţ޶ԣҲڵȴĳЩлƲҲѾŭӿȣ˱ԵΣû¹
ɱ湫᳤ǴѣϰϣɱӼɿ漴߷׷׸źУǣھӢΧʮ׷Χڣû߸ҽ롣
ҢѹӵĹ쳰Цûã涪ˣһɿȫƣǸСӣٲӰСĳҪ
𾪣ˣй¶٣ڵãûʼͱ˽ݣԴЩѣһҧȥˣ˫˫붯ʽȥʮ䲻֮Ӣˤȥ
˾з
ӢˣӰХ緢һɨ䣬ˤļʮߵճɻᣬ˲䣬Ǹ¡¡ĺͲҽȼգǱ˻ǡ
ɱǲܵӳûϧʱΪԼڵģ˭ҳȥ
ҢѹӵЦ˫ִ˴ȥԾԾԵӣɱɱҪֳ棬
Ⱥɧ㼷ңҼ㣬൱ңڻУв߱ҢѹߣͻȻ䣬һѽҢѹӺ󱳣ҢѹǺεˣñУзĳߵҽһ
ҢѹɱˡЭ񡭡
ǰסɱҢѹӡС㡭
˴һ˼ƻҵҢѹӺС㷢Ңѹ͵ȵĲˣгһѽʽûâ䣬߷׷ײ¡
СҲ˹Ŀ꣬ҢѹӽᰣС뿪ѾˣҲ˵ˣĴŭڰ湬ⳡףϬӡһ㣬˸У򼸸ż䣬ϬӡϮ漴Щ߷׷
񫣬˼ȻЩ޹߷Ҫ췴ҪΪ縮߹ߣ׿Сۻѽ½縮Զܷ
ʱڰЦ⿴ɱǿʼ̬ļƻʵʩҪ˶չʱٺ١Ңѹӵڽģһ֧֣һ·ȻΪƷ˰ȫ
޴úõļƻƻͬʱҪҢѹӺ˽ͷöΪ繫С
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籩Űˮĳ֣ǣдŹϢƲϻӿȣ˲죬츲غһ˲ƻ
С㡭ССѾɫ԰ףڹϢӴѹв
ߣС㵱ӰһѾʧڵǡ
ҢѹΪС˶٣Ҳˣ˴ʱһܣȥϧѹǿ󣬲ǵܹȥʧлҷ
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׿һܲǿѹɣûҪٴȥǱƻ˹ȥȲߣ㹻ѾһʧǣŵЦˡ
˲Ӣջ飬Ҳһȥʮͯ޶Եĸ棬ǣʧȥӴѹƻǣܻûټƻȥѾ޹ش֣ΪԺסˡ
ͻȻ䣬ƽɫâһһɫƾճǣָ߹󴿽˺Ϣѩ۵ܵγˮŮʮˣĿòһüͷ
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ʮ 

ɫŮһֱӢǰº͹¶ıӰʧҰ֮ջưܲǣϴĵǣһΪ֮ʹ
ŮֻӶһɫâ˸漴ǣƬ̺ջأΪûˡ
߰ɣһŮѡ
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Σһۣ˫üޣ˫ĿֺǺǵӣ˺øУʿרľȻľƣ൱ǿ
һһѡʿнָһ㣬ľϿգһ߷صʿУָ죬ʿɫ࣬£ѵ꣬ȥɣȥ԰
˲ϼһɢǵĿֲϼʧ֮ܰգǴܰз׷׿ʼָơ
ϼһỺţϼ֮ܰϢ߷׷ü˵ܰϢһܰôüͷΥ
ʮһӱȽ⣬һ۴磬ľֻҪܸϵ±ȻΪ߳꣬ȵͬʱͷų⣬˲֪гܰУӡ
ַʽ꣬ˣʽأͷųһ߽ڼʮ̷Χڳֽϰ˵ڰﷶΧö֮ߴӽж˶ˡ
Ȼȫ˶жϣԲٵǼ򣿻Ǽǧ򣿲жɱô˱ȻǸֳ֣и󶯾˵ˣʵַʽȫˣҲһϢݡ
ֳ귽ʽ˲ˣЩʱôǽĳЩĻϲߵıڣǣλأгãǿһ޷ȥӰ٣ĳЩֻϵù
գӳʧһ̬ûûˣԴԴ⴫Ҳ̫Ҫʱȡ
Ӱ˸Ƭ̺߳ǣǱˣĲֹͣζأĳЩߺӣӵΪ˻ŵù޵ķʸ
࣬Ƭ̼ǧ߸ϵаеʦ֣ʱһ࣬Ե䲻ȻһɽڱŮıƵߣҲһɫ
ÿֲֶΣڽ縮Ŀ£ûĸ׸´֣ѹӽ췴ӳʱ䣬֪˭ɵģ縮δһ磬󴽺Ŀࡣ
ԱվһŮߣ̾˭֪أ֮ǰûبʲôףֽبƻأʱֶ̣ȻûУһ߸
ӵͷǰǱƻһǲô֪ƽҪжˡ
ʱӼͷųߣȻ߾Ȼû߲ɣοôˣ˭ҲԸⱳһָ𣬶ڵȴӽĻ
һһŮվţվϰٻӢŮˣʮӺʮŮеֺͶɺʮӺʮŮйȻһԣ˫ԣΪ߲෹̸ȵ㣬ʮӺʮŮһЩţҪԭ
һƲ첻ΪȻϷбҪôҿǻȡ裬֣˵ҢѹӺСҲب򣬼λӣبһӳŮѵɺϣ
ôȥһȥѽվʲôɺЦдζʮ㣬˵﹬Ҳب򣬴ʮˣ㲻лȥ׷ʮӶ˲ֹӸ˲һͶͱ
ֲʲôӦҵ⣬ֻһˣ㻹˵ң۷Ź⣬һʲôǰԹȥѽ
ʲô˼ˮɺ
˵ңϲˡ
ɺˣ͵ݣӽ˭Ҳʶ˭㰮ȥ׷˭޹أҵҲٹܣ
ֻ󣬺ʾһͦƵ飬Ҫ˵壬ܹ㣬ˣллᡣ
һԩԽ˵ԽΪһСֵĲɿ˺һ룬ԼףһٸûκξȵķֳƶǶԣ˾ռߣֲǵһΣҪ˶ԩһͺ
λǰҲˣ׿ʦߵʼ˵һһŮǰ棬һѣ֪˭ôĺʮߵ
ӵͷϵܣŹ㲩û˵ʲô
׿ʦֻҡͷüͷûУûʲô󶯾ҶһйȻ֣һ߲ңһЩֲԱݶһС֣ǷǲǸֻ๥ƻ⣬ǰΪ˭Ľ
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Լιͷ͸վΪ治򵥣ȻӢʹû˿ˣֽеҵﰡ̫˰ɣŶأ
ӢʮͯѾˣ߷׷ڤɽڲȥ
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ãЩвʼį߾ס˼壬ЩߺУģǣǶ仯ܹģĵҪǳЭڤɽ
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ףڤɽڲԱûϣڤɽµûǲѲԱʲô£ǣЩԱûû߸ڤɽ£Ǿи߸ˣȻңûڤɽϡ
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ӢҡȻ㳡ȥ㳡վıֱǵְǸ㳡ΰ߽㳡һиȼ㳡ĺƣҲûҲڤɽЩӢǧߣûһݣǧ߻ں棿Ǳסˣֵĺܴ
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˼ҲǸֵͷǧҪ֣ðҲӢһһ˼෴Ҳƺ͸ǺѣҪʱðΣա
ͯŮ˽ӢĸԣȻвӢΪˣӢԲﵽĿģԤʾӢ¡
ӢΪûϣ㳡ȥžڹ㳡ֵܵϢ棬ˣؾ֮·
㳡ϵװƣװƾʧְˣʮƵĿӢһȼڤɽȳֻǷ̾
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С״ҡͷЦڤɽҴʲôطȥأȻ
СȵС㣬Ҵڤɽѽǲ֪ڤɽʲôطʵԷڤɽ֣
ҡͷǸһ·ûҪʲô֪ڤɽղǸСŮӲڽϾ֪˵ϾʮͯûڤɽҲʵԸڤɽǿʵ
СС۾һɫԾԾԣΪӢ޲Ӣֽѵڤɽ֣ڤɽĳûøС
ٺ١ҢѹΩ²ңЦ
˧Ŷ˭ڤɽɺС㱻סˣӢΰġ
ҢѹӣУһԼιϵùĵĻԼιӵҢѹӣɵĻԼιûӢϣҢѹ
ҢѹӹһЦ£˴ﶼǧ߲ҽӽϾӦ֪ԭ˭ֶš
Լιһ漴ٺЦ˵Ҳǣ˭أҢѣܾǾƣϣԶôˣϾʲô룬ȻҴģڤɽղųӢӢܲͬӢжʵǵʵҪڤɽԶˡ
վס߳ȺӢʱӢӽ⣬ӳڵòӢʾ뿨߳һ֣ʮ֣׼
ͬʱ㳡ſӰ˸һӴſڣһ߳ӳڣڤɽһѲʹӵڤɽ޼ɵƻ¸ȥһգ׷㳡
ӵڤɽ޹ߣ÷ãϾСӣƻڤɽɫڤɽӲţﲢ־͸ߣΪǣɱ˼ʮ߾˲ڤɽǣ
Ѳʹ߳ûӢʻ𣬼ʮûӣôܺڤɽȣڤɽʲôط־ۻأڲ֪жóǳôһٹߣڤɽ߳һ߶ڱٹϡ
ٺ١λѲʹҪԴˣںʲô˲𣬾˼һȣҢѹйâһĳ
ҿҲ񣡡Լι飬ид
ȻϣӢſڶӳѲʹ߳ߣûκˣҲûκ˺С
Ѳʹɫ䣬̫ˣѲʹϣ֪ڤɽĺħ˸˳ȥ
ִͬħλѲʹеǿִ߿ɱȣִߴִħȲǰɫѲʹ⣬Ρ
̧ͷӢſںХԶܳҫϮţͬʱӢͿٵĿѲʹס
ѲʹԾͬʱЦںߣܽȼĴϣִħסӢͬʱּץӢִͨʹõֶΡ

ѲʹˤȥڵϣˣӢںִħҲں򾢲֣ϥ͵رѲʹԲסһϥҽзɳͬʱҲûŹףʱѪ죬ˡ
䡭
дţڤɽ汻ˣ˺ܶߣִڱˣںݺڤɽơ
Ѳʹһ˹ȥ֪ΪѲʹȥҲûãϣǵΡ

Ӣɴ࣬׼ȷӣű˹ȥʶܣΪ³ѲʹһԶԶˤڵϰ
ӳľͶʮôѲʹΪڤɽ㲻ϺãôɣԴģû°ȥӢӳԴһֳȥ
ХӿȣӢֽ붯ͱ

ִħ½£ӢȺƬ̼ʮһǱڴſڣһֱ԰ķòϣȭĿ޵
Ӣʮͯɽòš
㳡ϼǧĿ࿴һĻǰ˵Ӣҷڤɽƾ޷˵ţ˺ܶߣҲһȼܻʮߣܵ·ǰҲš
ʶڣֳˣȥô֪ڲʲôȥζŹȻڤɽԣȥǲȥ
ӳСҢѹôȥ
ҢѹӰԸıֱ˳Цʮк⣬Ϊʲôȥ
Сܴлʵӣָ𣿡
ǴϢλں֧Ͼ˸ղϾı֣ӦųȫƾԼʵ߻ǡɺСӿڣΪӢñ˵Ӣûʵװǻƣֻٳǵˡ
ĸ˵˵˵Ңѹβ͵è첻µز£Ҳ縮Կڱ˵Ӣһ˽縮Ķܻ
ԼιӹЦҪ㾭ˣһβʲôϢ֪ܶ߶֪˵ʦںɿ𡣡
Ҫ˵ضٳģҢѹͷϣߣŲһĵսľڿԺܽ
Сͬп಻ĵڷˣ湬籩ģԺգȻ뵽׿ԣһǰ׿ɵģûˣСٹ㳡ѰҰ׿Ӱа׿Ӱӣң׿ļΧ֮ˣṫȻ¶档
Ŀ°һʵ˭˵ء
Ңѹɫã۾ںâ˸ȥˣ͵ӰһڳȥȻˣǾûй˼ˡ
ӣʮȷʵһ仰ҢѹӼ˽ȥⲻҪ湬ҲˣҲգȻ˵ǾͲҪ˵ˡС̾һӰһѾš
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ͬʱǼææϵ㳡㳡ϴŻٻӣ֪ˡ
ˣϾӦýȥˣӦٵģǼԵĵ³Ϊʵֻ̹Ȼܡ
ȥɣҪְġˣɫѿϷκӱܲΡ
˵˴ʱҲûã̹ȻʵӰнڤɽڲ

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ڤɽ㳡Ĳ˲ɣ׼ʱӢʮͯ棬ӿǧߣʱʧȥơ
ǰǹϣĽĻͬǣǰΪڳڳ׶Σڴﵽ˸߼׶ΣһͿڣ侲ıˣڤɽΪߣȨߵһڤɽӦ֣һ
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ˣϾһ仰˵Ҳ⣬ֱڴѾΧֱ촳ȥǵܣ㱨
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ڤɽطɱȣǿ࣬Ҳһ죬Ӧý죬ϰĳƺΪ졣
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ʮվǰ棬Ӣȥ·赲ûκԥӢȭ˲䱬ͬʱӿȶϮ׸꣬ɴ䡣
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ӢĴȷʵͿ٣˫ȭûͣ٣ûмЪͬʱϥϣ׸λ
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Ӣ˳ȥ׸ûӢ˫֮˾ңӢͬʱһۻأӽԷЧ
ٺ١׸Щ⣬ЧһȭȴӢ˳ȥԴʽ˳ֶһֵĽ˦Ӣ
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ٺ١ˡб»ΣСӣˡ׸ЦĲ²õ֤ʵȻһ֮ˣļƹˣ˲ӢĴҰ
׸ףΧǧͬˣǶмңӢ棬ȻʹòͷĳԷƶȻ죬Ҳ˲ƶʹ÷޼Ѱ
С̾Ȼ棬һ׸ֵڸƴҲǷ˼桭Ŀˡ
ڳ߶뷨Īĳֿ־УӢλҰļңҵ;˭Ķ֣
ҢѹӵӣΪʮ֮һԸӢˣһϵĻܣһֱ裬ӢٲˮУʱȷӢȼӢУһ˼СӣֵýһߴǱ񻰣ĵλ縮ΪɨأȼʱȥˣţԴηԾƶ
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ԣӦöϣС̲ס죬ҢѹӸҪ˵ڲŷֲԣڳ湬Ȼѽ縮ˣ˵ڵĻôջء
ܺãܺã˵˺湬ں֧񣬹Ȼʵϣ֮湬С˵ĸͽģ׸Ц
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ʮִ߷ʹ÷ƾ豾ԪӢǺֻܴҰĴӢЧ
ٺ١ҢѹӲںЦȻȥͲ鷳ûǰϡ
Сſַͣˣûã˸ɡ
Х𡭡ড䡭
ХǺডʨԳ䣬ӢкХ漴üĻǿ˸桢׵硢硢ˮӿȶɲǼ䣬ӿȼգ׵籩Űˮĳ֣ڤɽһɫ

ʮִΧڣ׷ױУͨȭƷӢûκԪͷԤû뵽ӢдһУͨȭܳĴҴ˹Ҫۣۡ
ͬʱΧâ˸ΧڣǸƻΧ
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ӢûиϾɱһͨӰһȥľḻˣЩ֣Ĳ˴СѵصɱֶΣҲڵңҪɱˣƲˡ
޺⣬ġ
СӣȻֿԣԸͶڤɽǾ·һȥɣȴ㣡׸Ц˫ֽӡһ˸˲ӢӢѾˣͬʱһŻ󿪡
ϾС͵ϮСæѡ

ӢⱬըпƲסһŻ漴Żգʮͯ˴ʱȻ޶ԣվȴӢܹסӢǾͲֵĹȸں治֧֡
ٺ٣ΪСͶˣϧʮִ޹УӦΪǳ׸ӡ㣬һ졣
ˣ߳ûʮӺʮеļλȻţҢѹӣȷӢ֮ͨܶøУʦӢǵڶ۷ˣҲ磬ʱʧڴӢܳһļ尾漣
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Ңѹӿ̬˳׸꣬ҪҪӲ£ӲĪ£ҪһͶɣΪڤɽ뱾ӹȥұӵ鷳
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׸һüͷҢѹһġԡ
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׸ڿƲŭҢѹӹˣĺ˵漣СӣԼҳȫ㡭
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Ȥˣԭʷʼдѽҿ绹кԲС񣬼ôˣԪӤµ߸ҽ𣿡Ңѹ䳰ȷܴ󣬴ڤɽ߶
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׸ҵˣЦҢѹӣִҲˣ㻹˵ûѽ縮𣡡
ҢѹӹЦ׸꣬縮ִǲѵִִвܴԣִ߰㣿ִҷΡ
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׸ˣҢѹӣ㲻Ҫ̫⣬鲻꣬ڤɽִߣ
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𾪣ٳĬȥҪѽ縮𣬺αعĨҽڣҢѹӾַ
һӿڵ벻ǵȻѽ縮ߣǰС㣬ǣǲ㣬ţеȻеĸ
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ҫӢһŻһ˲ӽ׸꣬ȼ
׸껹ûӳԾлع뵽ӢһһӰѸٺˣȴͷĲ롣

׸ҽһʬˤڵϣһĻڴˣ˼ǧߡ
Ӣ৵һȣȥҪ֣ѾжϳﲻҪҵĵطҪ֤ʵ
ʮͯಽں棬ҲлҢѹһ
һɱ˳ߣɺСع񾪺
ǰˣڵϢĳ壡һԻҪ漴ͷŽһһʼ꣬Σľ鰡λο࡭
ҡˣԺк磿һۺڼǧ߶
ԭĽ죬ǹϣͯŮԵѣҲûϣӹϵжϳΪǳڸ߼׶Ӣɱһ߾ɱڶӢν컹ǲ棬ǿ٣һղӢ֤ʵˡ
ͯŮӢ޶ԣȻȥ

ʮ ʮ彫

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ҵ֣ڹϣһӣΪȻ࣬ڶֱȶڿ죬ҵǿŮԣǧ߲Сλ˶Ѵ￴ͨߣ֤пͷԡ
λ׸ӢУʣʮλʮλΪڵҲǵĵλڤɽǵݸ߹
ӢȥǧʶˣڤɽʵʹԱˣʮ彫Ӵʵڤɽʵ˵н縮֧֣ȻҶʮ彫߻Ҳ
ҵ￴ӢĿ˼ȥ̲סЦɣһȼɱ׸ֲ꣬ڤɽʮ廤
Ӣҵ﷢˹ӿϮͬʱӢӰһȵҵ
ҵһ漴ףЦСӣȼ񲢲רų㣬˵ĳƺ㹥Ҳ̫Сˣɱ׸겻ڤɽͨ޵֣ȥɣֻӶһ˸
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Ӣͬ鱻УһӢüģӢ˳ԲסӴˤȥ
ΧϣӢϢˤڵϣͬǳߣӢɱ׸꣬ҵ޻
ʮ彫ͼǧ߳ԾĿʽӢΧϴʱȻڣΪǿۡ
ХӢʽ󴩹ϳΧҵӿȣ׵ľˣӢŭǻŭ
Ϊٴ֤ҵﲻӢӽӳһһסӢӢٴκˣϿʮ彫ͼǧ߶ˣ϶ӢûκӢϢϡ
Լιӹֽеҵѽ϶ûκʲôˣһǹתȻôأ
ȷʵڳ߱ŵĲᣬΪߣﵽһ̶ȣǺʵ֣÷ֹ߸룬ҵһм˵ҪֹнУǣϢֹܴϣǻʲôܿԡ
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Ӣϲûˤһ̬侲Χڣл˸ҵ׼ı乥ʽӦһֱѵеҪγ̣Ϊᣬһһɲ˹ӦˣǾʹش෴κ˶ùɱʡ
ҵȤʵϾ˵˵㵽ڤɽΪʲôΪʲôܴϣϵı˭Ƶģ
Ӣ޶ԣȻһҵڤɽûҪˣԼҲ
һ˼ϾĹ𱾵棬˲Ż˿ϧԸڤɽĴӦᣬ㲻ڤɽڲƣǻȤ淨š
Ӣҵ񻺻ƶϣʱⷢˣӢͻȻ൹繭˫׼ȷץסҵ˫㣬˫űҵ˫顣

ǿҵ˫鱬ըҵʽƶǱܷӦʱòϣӢϵһգ˴ץסҵ˫ľٶֻвöԷ뿪Χлṥ

ڳ߶Ѿ֮䲫ʽɲóǴ׷ܶŹȭҰȭϣϧǲ֪ӢԣֻҪɱԷʤλɱԷ̲Ҫ
ҢѹӿЦЦζʮ㣬ܺðߣʹò˷ֹֻʽЧ
ҵߺ죬ܿɰģżǧַ߱˫飬ôУСӣñ˸ЦЦӰʧˡ
Ӣ˫űͬʱ߰ŤҵĽϣ漴˫㲻ˣҵʧˣһԴ˲ط
ɣҵڹϲ棬Ӻܺ죬븧ʹ˫飬סˣһαַ˫飬ǱһСӣˣ
̲סЦҵһֱ񣬲֪ж׷һ׷ûܵóѣȴ¡ĿַˣûЦͷһ֣ʮ廤Ͼ
ǣʮ廤һӦһȼҪϳ
ȵȡҢѹϵ㲻ʮһ׸֣ڤɽɨأ
ϹһЦҢѹӣˣʲôطڤɽִߣִҪһһûҪִߵΪĿģϣ
ʮ廤Ӱһ
ҢѹӿЦһӰʮ˹Ʊȱ縮ԣβٱȣԼ췴
һסҢѹӣʮλִħӢ
ҢѹΪȻߣûӢĹһλס޷Цʽ縮ԣʮʮл˭Ը췴ӻӭһ׽ָһǣɱʮߣڤɽ޼ɵɱ˻׸꣬ʮ彫ͬʱ棬绹˭Ұ˭
ɫһ䣬Ңѹӣ̫ˣҹȻɿ췴˲ҳ˿ԡ
ҢѹнϮ֣ЦͶԽ縮ִ߿˳ִۣҫڶһ׽ʮ֣ЦЦ
ʮĵסӢӢӰٿҲ޷ӳִħͨ˺Ч
СɫܸӣöһҧϬӡӡ˳ȥӢһֱţӢΪѳɲ¾ĳ֣˺ˡ
ͬʱɺͻԼιӣԼɫ˳﹬׷׳֣ʵ֤縮ԡ
Ӣŭ𣬻һӿȡ
䡭
춯صľӢΪĺִħڱըʧǿıըҾӣʮǿѹƶ
ӢŭͣӰƶﵽޣҢѹӽһȥҽ˳ҢѹӣΪҢѹվλõס
ҢѹӿЦ£ӢָϲˣܺƢ
һһӢǰץס㣬ѾнӢ󱳡
æǱ
ˣѾӢ󱳡
ꡭ
нΪأӢϵ·ǸƣܳҵĴľæԪȫͬʱôʽһ˫ȭ
ӢץסͬʱȱԷλỤĹƾС

һ˺ѷεĲҽ߶Ȳڣ̵˺ۡ
ҢѹӿЦ
ͬʱᰵֹͣ˲Ӣɱһǣͬǻ׸û𾪡
䣡ԳӢӰƶͬʱһһֹϢķ飬֡
ʶֲֶˣԼһ֣ղǴ⡣
òֶΣȻ³ӰһӢǰ棬ִħͬʱзɳɫһ϶Ӣͷȥ
ӢȺԥȻʮ彫Ϲ𣬲ͷҲִħ
䡭䡭
ִħȽӴͬʱԷüӭбΪҳӢǿˤ˳ȥ
ߣӰȻ׷˹ȥҪӢ
ôɷѽһɷѵãҢѹӽסȻе˵ĺܿеıȴһ㲻Ĺ
СӺôĵӣ첻Լ췴췴Ȼ׷ɱӢӲܵķλ
ҢѹǿٱЦбһ컯ΪȦ˳ȥסȻıͻȻʧӽѳ
˳ԣΪ˸Ӯƴ
Ӣڰһ˲ȥжϵΪߵ͹ܣжϳϵΪҪ¡
һӣгһСĳ겻ˣ첻òʹȥɣˣ
ɳŴ޵ӢϱļΪջ𣬱һȼڤɽɱ˺üʮִߣԼ޵ݣǱһֵزǲ棬ǡǡ෴һȼ
㣡СϬӡâһӭ
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ӡӴ츲صĺ
ͬʱӢûĽӽϣ˫ϵΪ߸߳࣬ܵڤɽ߹ˣûһӢ˫ʱƾʧӢ󣬾ѸסӢ
ףӢˣֺХף޷ƾ
ǼλʱַֿܰҲлأϴʱ侲ҢѹӵͶ
ԼιЦصʱס֣ᶨʲô֤ɱ⼸ǧߣ
ϳԼιӣΪʮ֮һһֱճκ£ǵ棬κûڣǧڤɽΪѺܺǷѽ縮ʲôô
ⲻҵ˼ԼιӴԩڤɽڳ߷ѣ˵Ǹſ֣ȳ֣ܹ𣡡
һЦԼιӣҵǿûֵǼûϵҵ̸Ϸѽ縮㲻ҪŪˡ
ûûԼιӺӣڳǧ߶Եѽ縮±ߺء
㡭˵˵ܻ
ʲô㣬ϰΪڤɽͽ縮Ź㣿Լιӹ⣬ЦɱʮĽȻԼռڤɽƾϴļƣܿдͶʱ½縮£뿴ϴж磬ֺȥҡ
һ侲Σڤɽͽ縮ɣЦԼιӣһײУ˵ҷѽ縮ʵ֤
ô֤Լιһʡ
ˣӰһֻԼιǰнûɽâֳ
ģľ֤ѽҿ飡ԼιӴʱںһƴټϻûŭ
ûԼιѳΧӡһ㣬һлԼιӣԼιƺһˤϣſԼιӹС
ЦСӣǸһѵ㲻ԺҪߵǷǣ޹ǣƵ籩С
һûƨۣ벻СĻգҪ̫磬ڳ߶սթһ棬ûٻС˴򽻵ףл縮ƨɣ縮ûƨ۵ĶװƨۡԼιͬʱȻ䡣
ԶʧһЦӿڣƾԼιŭ
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ŮûͶǵıԣԸȹûû˵Ŀӡ
ЩϧǼʮʮУǼֵñϧΪԼûˣ湬ͳ﹬ᱻ縮Ϊ棬ȥ
ȵȡԼιһĪӣԸͶǼڤɽͼ룬ܱȺá
ҡͷԥܾˣ㻹ǺʹһںӰɣλŮį
ʲô̬ȣͶԼģֲ㻹ǵѹڤɽϾǱԼιӹֽС
ҢѹӿЦԼιӣˣΪһ֮סܱ˵ȥʲôãһܾǣͽ档
˵ҲǡԼιӳϲͶͻȻʮͯվԱ޶ԣ۾һʮСôûӦǵϾҪȥһ㲻ţˣ
һʮͯˣʮĽʮͯĴڣʮͯ侲̬Һ档
üͷʮͯû£Ͼˣ˵ȥδʮСӣ
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ԼιӣĴˣʹʮС뿪ˣҲˡ
˼ûУԼСۡԼιʸڷϡ
صҲΪʮСûϵϣҪС֣ûɽ
ϹЦԭƷҲڣʧ񣬶겻ͷ޷Ȼģڤɽ£Ǻܿɰ츳ӦڤɽһԴǸ淨ţԺа·
û˵ֻҪؽ͹ˣ縮أô顣
ʮͯԸڤɽ𣿡
ʮͯƤҲ̧һ£ǻڤɽŹ֣ϴ淨Żʸ񣬵Ҳй¶֣ʮСк֣Ȼ䶯磬˻ỳǵݡ
ȻЦһʮͯūţһؽýΪ硣
ʮͯ޶ԣĿЦֲˣʱǱǳ֣Ӣڣûʲôҡ߳ȥʺʮͯһԪᱻ⡣
ϻͯ۾һ˿ΣĽӡ׼ˡ
Х𡭡䡭ড
Ӣŭ𣬽ûֹͣХźХӿȻͻȻζ漴ӴԪѸתڳ͸Уﵽը̶ȡ
䡭
ը츲ؾ죬еҢѹӵȱȥһˤڵϰ
ϷֲܣȴûܱܿըϮƺӰӢӢھըͬʱϣȲͷ

ϲҽеͬʱ˫ȭӢ߷ݷ˳ȥϲҽ˫ֱͷͷѪţ
ͬʱȻ䷢ʮͯʮͯվԭ޶ԣǵԪɧϻͯһӡȻɿʮͯӢұʱʮͯ
Ȼʮͯ۲ӽϣڳߵעڹϣʮͯûע⵽ʮͯڴµ

أѾˡ
˲伴ŵĴĿϾӣڳߵͬʱԴһƬհʧȥ˷Ӧ˼޷ֽ

һҽеͬʱʬ嵹أӢɱӢɱ˹ϵͬʱӰǻŭйЩϣ𾪹ӢԵĽǸۡ
Сӣ̫ˡȻȻع񣬽ӢǰԤһɱ
лϮȻͬʱӢȵĴʱӿȣƽʱǿһ
ȻԻӿȵֹס飬ջ飬ҲûӢĹϣղϲһʱ⣬ȼУһȣЦΪɱۡ

ӢϥͻȻ̧ȻըȻɫһ죬ĵʹȫ̼һԪ˲ңɢ˵󣬻æջ˫ˡ
ȵõɣӢ³ٶȵȻʺʺȻʬһأʺѪ䣬Ϊʲô㡭ĵı˫ۡ
Ӣһ
˵ӰһӣûӢֲɱλ˲ΪȻһ㣬һ
ҵѽʲôԼιŴӵط԰ףλûϣӢɱֶķ顣
Ңѹӵһվе󱳷䣬ͷð麹ڳ߾з׷׺ˣѹֵĿǼϢ

ҸʲôͬһսߵģԼιӹֽУӢһ˳ȥ
ܣӢһûԼιӸվм䣬ȫɢ˼ܣһźԩ
ͬѡܣˣҢѹȫĵʹסһӢ
ϡϡҡ
ӢſںХϮ򻤵ܻ飬Ѿһߣʹ÷ͷ
Ӣ˲زࡣ

ڲҽе
ӢᣬӰ׷һˣƬ̼໤ʧȥ־׷ܡ
Сӣ㹻ݣɱȥʧְϷֻóˣһӰϴӢ

Ӣˤ˳ȥǱǿԪȥȻأһӣһۣȫɢϢ۶Ӣ͵ӣ߲мһˣû
ǰҵﾪϲ
ӢԻ鹥ƣʱζеӴʧӰ٣ȻӰơ
С̫ɰˣܺθڣϧ㲻ڤɽɱˣϷְڣֻ֣ܳƹһЦָסӢһӢüģӢŭûã⡣
Ңѹͬʱнƣ漴ԼҲ˹ȥͬʱԼιӡС㡢ɺС㡢칫Ⱥơ
С˵ܲȻΪСӷѽ縮᲻ǣڴЦָſסҢѹӵˡ
ȥӰһʧӢҢѹӵȫˡ
ʮͯҲƣСС󼱣ʮͯӰ׷ƣæ棬ˣƬ̼俴ʮͯӰ칫ߵʮҲһȻĺһ׷
׷һҪ׷СȫԸǰȥ
֣ʮСôƬ̲ǲҪȥҪԽ򣿡С׷ʡ
˲䣬СС㼰ʮڵϲ׷ˣûԽһʧͱʹ˽Զˡ
ڴʱڤɽλٺĻϰִ֣߳ΧסС˵ͬʱ׷׼ħִСˣӢǰ˵ʱҫСС˼
ͬʱڤɽֳѹ㳡ǧȫˣڤɽ¹ش󣬶ڤɽͽ縮ֱӰ죬Щ߳ȥһ仰ҪչڤɽκϢ
ܷ𣬴һ뿪ˣֹӡӡߣһ˾鼫Ϊḻ߲Ź֡
ԺϾڤɽɱ˼ʮִߡ˵İ£Ѹ紫ȫ硣
ͬʱʧ٣ǻһˣ湬ͳ﹬ûϵǸ飬ǣ˽׼
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ʮͯңңڰ󣬰һβ뵽˸󣬸뵽ʮûСӣˡ
˲伴ϿգЦСǣΪΣףԸл
Լιӵһۣʲô˼ǳˣϹѽ˵һӲκˣû뵽ڤɽţǰ˵ڤɽиƣһΪء
һ죬ЦСӼݣߣ˸ǸϹҷңҲڶ
ǰ˵ǲŸѽκԼιЦЩ˱ϴƤģʵ׵ĺܡ
СӸˣ߳ŭˡ
ԼιæתߣˣϾôŭˣ侲ĳѽ
СӸԶںñף˫ֻӳӢˤ
ԼιӼУƣ㹫˽ûоͰǴҲ
ϷǺεݣǼСӴҪ𣬹ԸĿЦż˽۾һ˿ΣͻȻ͵̧ͷŭ𣬡˭վ
ʮͯڰǰҲûƣûҪӢʱؿԳ硣
ƳԾСǡܿԽ򣿡
ҩͯһҲƵĳԾƣû£߰ɣԺϾ᲻鷳֮硣
ôĿǡСӡüСӴ̴̵Ľѵ
ϻͯСֻӶһаƣƲס󷭳ǧһۻأԾǡϷ򡭡
ҲǰʲôϻͯӲмһˣûƷҲ˲ǰʲôǡ
Ƹ𾪣֪ϹϷһ߶ꡭ
Ǻܿͻģ֪ϾĻ졣ϻͯŮ뵽ֳŰס
һɵ˵ϾǸֵĵӣѽСӳƱȸָ棬ֲܲ档
ϻͯŮΪȻô֪Ͼ棬ҶֹԴЩ㲻Ҫˣ߰ɣûˡ
һջ𣬱СӵѵǵһΣСӵΪԶУһ˼Ȼ֣Ϊʲô
ϾҪʲô˭ҲˣĿǰûһӰ쵽ֲϾūţΪʲôҪֹ㡣ϷͯŮԵúܲˡ
ƴʱĪ鷢չԼԼðӢһ󣬳̾ϢһӰһʧûڤɽڤɽûߡ
ֻͯӶϹ˸סʮͯ˲ʮͯȥӰ

ӢˤһڵϣǳԿͷкˤȥٶȿ죬ǣӢԼƾˤڵϡ
İƣǴˡԼιվΧбԹţǷ棬ûǣ´ҪϹȥ
ҢѹЦ´ΣܳȥĿǰû˵߳ġ
ǰɣԼιֵ֣˻գֳȥһδֱء
С̾Ҳ֮УϣҪ湬ѣҸǴˣ湬
ϾʲôɺС㲻ںĿӢֻҪӢںνҲһʱڽڲᣬӢӢףЧӽӢͶӢĻ
Ӣ˲ףγˣҴǵĺǸһƻϤˣһһأͲԡ
ҢѹӻǰСӣκһȼһ棬ͼıݣǣ񲻿棬ȼʸСȡֻнл
أԼιӱ
ҢѹϴãСӳɹˣõʶǸߵƷǣСӲ߻ܼƻƻܣܿ챻룬ϳȼߵﶼᱻע⣬һɱһ߾ߡ
ģôɱȼͻȥ͵ˡԼιӴǸȵСأˣ
ҢѹӵͷǵģˣӴԺߣŮСֻҪԥɱ
ԼιӻȻЦˣغãЩҿҲᣬִߣִлǵĶԡ
λŮû˵ҢѹӿеСӾҢѹӱˣһֱκûøеҢѹΪʲôİӢϧؽΪҢѹԭȼͬȼ
Ңѹӿֳ̬ˣϾûҪʧôˣﲻ棬һ棬Ұ㵱ѣںҴ棬Ƕˡ
ӢûӦκδҢѹӼΪڽҲûκνͣûҪڹزס
ԼιȤˣЦҲڣкģһҲ
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ӢǰȥҪȡ飬ķӦжϳķλ
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Ӣ˽˺ߣٶŮʱû߳棬һӢߣмǰ
Լιںģ۸Ҳ鷳ˣôСӣܶء
ҢѹӿЦįŮһСӸʲô
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һĵʿϰǰ棬ƾԼι䳰ȷ̲סٺЦСӣһ֪˭Ϲӣںϴ󣬲𱾵Ĺؾ·һ֪ȤϹ¸ͷ˶׸̡
ҺѽϸɫͷģʿɫʲôɫӣŮߣϧ̫ˣŮһ죬ɫ߳ŭɴӲŮ߾Ͱ˼ҵĿӣĸŹã縮ؽԼιӱ˵£һµɫûУװģ㡭㲻ĸĸϵɫӰɣˣˣλŮѽҪӲǣɫĸŹпܰҵŮˣǾͲˣһǶԶ㡣
ҢѹӿЦѡ
Ů̿ĺջɫǵע⣬߶꣬ûֳܹ裬Ҳ׶֣ɫΪˣΪͲοڣںгưԣ㹻˵ڵΪ
СӣҪͷʿɫڣɫӣϲŮɫ絽ǿŮߣֵ췭ظ𹫷ߣںҫŮ߳йƷŮĳϲ⣬Ů̫Ưˣǹ죬̡
ԼιһסͣһָŶɺС㣬սľӣֻһͷλ˶ѾˣҪͷҪ˶ͬС
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ҪԴˣãԼιֻӡ
ӢƤҲ̧һ£˫˲ſڿ׼ȷĿס߾ϥǰУǿը
䲻±סʧȥ⵽شɫ˲䣬˺ѷεʹȫҽʺλȴв

Ӣ˫ͱˤߵѣˤڵʱѾĺԩһɱȼ񣬲Ź֡
˲伴ŵĿֲһ˺ߣɫûüʧȥ˷Ӧβ뵽һȼд
ԼιӰ˸ϧѹˣǲԴˣ֪һ˭
Ӣɱ˺ǰʶһӢͨ˹ȥû˳ûҪ֡
ɫӻعЦڱǰɱˣϣ񡣡
ϰһȥӢΧм䣬ӢɫӵĶֶΣѡӢ
һβ֪жٸù ǴҸǶţɫжٸʮʮԼιб۾֡
ɫӺٺЦǺ˭ҲܲˣʣСӵƤڲҪ¼
ȵȡһΪŮߴŽ߳ˣȫŮԣںɫͥ֯Ϊ˷ɫӡ
ɫð⣬䶢Ůߣдһ˿ӣǾˮ˺ˮҵٹܡ
Ůɫںҫֲˣûλߣ㾹Ȼǲ֣߳ҹܶˡ

һ߲ҽһˤ˳ȥӢɱˣ˭ߵĿӳҵעתƵϣ߻һΣǴۡ
ɱɫӲӣ֣ѡӢһɱ˴ΪںеӢ
ϣӽ
ΧӢİ߷˹ͬʱİߣʱԪɨɣ¡¡ıըսʼˡ
ҢѹӵվûӢӢ룬Ӣ϶ᷢ뱣ְȫǵֿˣҲӢİΣڱҪʱЭ

ŭ𣬻˸
Х
ݣ׵Ű
ľӢüģ˲ɨߣҽ漴ںе˼
ӵϳŮߣ½ʮŮٲĸࡣ
ɫͬһܳںеĵλǲܣӵٶŮߣҪԵ첻ɡ
䡭
ںϷ𣬺Ϊ֮ϷɽһһѹӢӿɽɢӢʮߵ
ҵѽô¡ԼιһߵԪһ߹ֽС
һȥĻӢ³Ңѹӵ˿ǻر⼸Ϊ
ΪʲôԼιûӦ
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һɽѹ˲סӢͬʱӢļ߱ѹü޷ٿѹжᡣ
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ҵѽǡ˵һԼιӱҢѹܵĸ죬ӢΪʲôԹӢ˵һ㡣
ȫԸҢѹӵ߲ӵȺߺľرըĺ
䡭䡭
ӲͬķλǿסӢӢʧȥƣƾѹͬʱϢζϢѸתѡ
Ӣйһεľ飬ҧгݳܾѹȻûιȥȫԸ칦顣
òӢΧһûüӳİ߱Ϊҳ
ʱ⼸ʮȫԸѹһը룬ڲϢը飬ȻϢüʮ߽ͷöʱסǽľԪ
ʱһһţ
ҵǺߣΪŽᣬΪɢ˵ֿѹαӢ󷢣鹲Ϣͬʱϴһһһգʹˣһ¡
ʱȥˣеԪȫԸ֧ţԪľֿڻԱϢ
ϢмСӢХͷų飬Ҫл顣
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Ǻߣرըҫǿѹһһߣٲ־ƣߵߵ˴ʱȻΪҲһ
ѹصĶʮ߳ذæؼȻըѾʧȥƣ˲ˣֻԤرըȫ
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߸еѹڼС˲һھƣлָԪǲΪΣվʹ˹ȥˡ
ʱȥ˰꣬ɽĻСȭͷӢڵĻһŻһ𣬹âһӢüġ
ХӢɽӣͷų׵磬׵ں
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׵ȱըɽ׵鲢ֱӢںŰƻӢϿգϢӿȽӢüġ
䲻֮±˸ֲ²ֱ׵ֱ׵ȱըľѹǿѹľصѾΪ׷
Ƭ̼ʮӳطΧ߻һ
ģڸʲôڵһ΢죬ĿŭԺԵѹЩ߾ȻΪⲻǵ
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ЦǾ͵
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ʱһ籩굽צողõЩѣǿұըڸƻ
ɫӹ˲ٿǣæ֣߻ʣ٣αըнɫֱѡ
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ŭ𣬺ˮӿȵģϢŰǺҡ̱ըѣˮӿȣƻĺܳס
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ѣڱը˳ȥϢµƮʧȥΪҳһԵںţ
׵顢顢顢ˮ顢ҫһӺۺӢͷӢڵ鵲ס⣬Ӣʧȥ֪ܲѹˣ칦ԷУ̺
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Ůʣʮɫһߵʣ°ңİ٣ʵ
Լι£ֽеҵѽҾȻû漣
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ɷֲʲô˲ˣǰҫûǡҢѹΪɷԶ˿塣
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ҢѹôǺɷĶ֣ˤ˳ȥһڵϡ
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ҢѹǱĴӵվȫʹģϹӻǰ׳գȻпӡʲô
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ӳûǰϾȷʵߣûκϢɫӹ£һоͲᷢ
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С˼Ҳ緢Ͼʱǣ̤ؽ£Ķӹ£ײۣԥɱ˳ӣΪ˱𣬽ȫߵϾǻ𣬼ʮ
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ɫЦ˵˵ڤɽʲôطǽ縮ֱӿƵĳڤɽԽǲ֪ܲȻ֪ûһϵǻðΣգ
ԼιӹЦû취̫ңɫЩߣϾ۷ңԶܳȥҲġ
ҢѹӿЦϾ߿ɰһٱӱӲæ𣬹
ɷϾ˵ĺеϲˣսֵ췭ظһǼСӸӦò࣬Ω²ҵļһ
˵οˣǰˣϾӲ£Ҳκ˽ԭԣǣ˭ֹ
Ǻڶ֣Ϊϱȵһַɽʿһ㣬Ϊ侲ǲӦٻɣҲûãı˲ʵ˺ǼʮˣδزǺ¡
ɽʿɫӻɫЩںиʲôǶΪ̰ɫˣԺɫİЩ
ǣɫӻæӦЩǰ̲סᰵŮɫĵ޲ܱڻ
ӳЩŮܾɫĥһӤںУӤҲˣɫѳΡ
̾ȥˣһйȥˣҼӽʱָԪɣҲѵǣԪĲС
ɫӻæˣЩɱǣŮ͵ˣŮͬʱ֣ɫӡ
ɫΪˣŮɱӰһӳŮʧǰŮ׷ֻ֮÷
̾˰ɣɫΪܸߣ˼λǰǶͺβǼλǰԳ֣ģʿǰԺ
ɺˣϾɱҵţңá
ϾҲ벻ٳ֣˺ܹ֣ὫЩԹϣ谭鷳ᰶӢ˽Ľ϶࣬Ӣĸԣ˽٣һЩ²⣬Ӣ֪ΪϾء
СղʹõĺϬӡ湬ľɣһ׷ͯյŮ۹â˸ǺѩŮ
ǵģ湬ǰǡͻȻע⵽Էеǡѩǰ
ѩŮһĪǵģңܶ˰벻ܼ湬ӣϧȴֳϣ̸Ϲϲ
С㾪ȵǰ湬һֱѰ㣬ΪôںУ湬ûǰѽ
ҢѹӲΪȻûоͲܽ˭Ǽˡ
ѩŮͷ˵ǣмǾͽģ󲿷ֶûУҲԣǾ˽Уû⹫ˡ
СˣԭʵЩҶԽ縮ʧЩִ޼ɵܶԷû湬ͻɹû֤ݡ
ѩŮ˵ЩûʲôãС߰ɣȥģԴįʱ䡣
ˣȵȣ᰾ܾˣӢ
ѩŮҲǿðɣʵСҪһʱ䣬ղ꣬ʹҲȥ˭Ҳ˺
ԼιֵߣӦͱըǣǡҵѽ˵ȥ˭ţ
ɺüúõĹʲô
Լι˷Īǡл뿪
һÿһġ
Сӣ˵ʲôɷ򾲣ĺ֪ȥ;
ԼιһӢҸղͻȻ뵽Ͼӣһ˵ʲôϾ϶ǵһνѹߵʮСһ㶼ţΪ֪ϾܳȥҺԩװ׵ôá
ҢѹӿЦѹرըȰɣȰɣ
ϳּǶмңһԼιѣͨйؼɫҲżɫˡ
ɽʿпޣҡͷ̾벻벻һ߸ǳȥϣ
ɷЦǾ͵ȣջ˰ʱ㣬Ҫ룬ת˲ȵ
߸ɴϯضȴ˭Ҳ뿪Ӣ£Ӣڳ˴ҵһȱҪ
ɺ۾һת밡ǲǽϾҪæǹںûϵѽǳȥʲô
ԶԶԣͬ⣡ԼιƲ
ЦСﲻҪңڴһܾˣģ㲻ʲôˣԲΣϾ
Ǿ˵ˡɺĳķ񶨡
ɷЦһСҪɣûΪϾʹڹںҲᡣ
ɺҡͷҿǽڣϾѣ⵽ЩСˣڳڵ棬ǻڿ֡
ɫʱĪֺ£æᣬᣬСһˣһЦЦû⣬ûС
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ɫ亹죬Ī֪⼸ǳϣԲȫԳȥ취˶Ū֡
ǵֳɫСӶࡣɷһЦ޶ԣһûֵ˼
ɺ֪ЩɱɫӲܣһҪϾҪֵþȡ
ɫһɷƢֻҪɷ֣߸ᣬʱסˣȴӢ鷳鷳ãһںǲŲҡ
μغӢΧ߶ԣҪ˵룬Ҳת˲ȵεȴǾñ껹Ҫ

ʮ ŭ

߽ȴУʱȥˡ
žȫӢھһ𣬽ӢüĻǣǸǣӢûԭһ
߶ûо飬޷жӢӦҪʱ䣬˵ǧû취ֻܵȣһȾꡣ
ҷˣܲԼιӺ
ûɺСҲûԼιӣΪ˶ҪˣʱЩ˵ǧС˼Ȼεܲˡ
СԲ϶ܡҪʱɣ뿴εӴϾȫˣûһʱΪãûκϢ֤
ɺСüͷѽ˵ôʹըӦܳǣϿһ㣬ܵȥˣ
ʵǰӢ߾ͷˣַ˭Ҳ˵ɣûܽ
ɣҪȥʲôʱǸͷԼιӰһ˹ȥ
ɷЦСǸðʧпͷˡ

ԼιӽӽӢǧ׵ľʱǿ൱󣬻ԼιӼˤأ
ҵѽԼιƲ죬ûԡ
΢ЦϾûΧǧ׷ΧϢ൱ǿ󣬴ﵽŵĵزҵûӽֻܵȡ
һʵʿǰ㾭ḻ㲩Ͼô
ɽʿһ죬ܲȻҴû˵ֻҪ棬նΪжߣϾ飬ȴյ޷жת
۾촽ţϾߣɲţ̸
һû뵽һ㣬ǾӢӦöһЩ淨ţǣȻţôûϢҲ治
ҳ˵湦ʵŵԣϸšҢѹӲӢ淨ţʼڣȻֻӢһ
ӢҲƣϴκжϣˣ⣬ںƺ黥֮ųĥϣӢڳ칦Ҳʧȥãһֻеȣȴļ١
ҢѹӵĹһһڶУ˵ĹǣԵ࣬Ͳ㡣֪ԼĹһȼеĲֵһᣬιȥ
ǵȴѧҪʱ䣬ҶӢģһѧҪʮܱ֣һһλԪҲʮĻ΢ЩӢϲڣﵽ˵زӢֻҪ淨ţὫһ֡
¹ȥˣٵȲˣƷչǵԤϣ˵ûǵϣչ
ҢѹӻʣǿŰ죡˼ĹʺӢߴڡ
ǺǣֵˣԼιҪڣĺܵ⣬ʮǰ磬ĪӢһʮȻʧɫӢĹԼιӾϾʵϵʦϰ졣
ȻԼιʧˣһʱˣӢûκζĹûԤЧԼιʧһһôùѽ
ᰵŮڣȵߣɫΪӢȥ˹ͷҽĺϸҪյĻ֪ȵȡ
һھʮ꣬˵ɷѿģ뾡˸ְ취ȻӢȻûκηӦǲ滹ûȥ߲֪
ѩŮ˼ЩˣСӿܡǰӦ˴ڹ淨ţ档
ǰ˵еߵʮСӶʮ꣬ΪҾͿһ˵˵ΪūŸ߳ܶ࣬ƫƫԼūŵΪȴˡСһԻҪĲӢ棬ı䲻ʵ
ɽʿüҲ˵ͨʵǰչǲ϶չ麧ȥ
ۣˣˡԼιͻȻ񾭰
ɺС㱻һ̲ס㷢ʲô񾭣
Լιʧǿܡȥˣ
⻰羪װ߶ߺȥǺǳظ
ɷŭ𣬡Сӣ˵˵ʲô
ԼιʧϾڤɽûκϣʱڳߡ
ƻܴܲԱΪϾ̺ǿܴҲ֣Сӣ˵ʲô
Լιӳü˵Ͼܡ񴩹һ֣ܳȥ𣬲ˣôû뵽㣬׸һ
һӢܳȥֻĿӢȥԼȥֵ
ɷŭСӿͿᵽܳǣ˵ܳȥҺܿǲǡ
ԼιӵⲻܹҰԼû뵽е㡭ӡ
ƨĹӡɷӳԥԼιˤ˳ȥŭȫйڻԼιˡ
ϹʲôʹˣԼιһùԹ˵ʲôǾˣûԴѽ
ɷһŹЦѽΪʲôҪ㣬Сӣҿ˳ۣҵͽܺˣΪʦڳưµľѧ
ˣҺܱѧģԼιæܾŲʦϹ㿴˳ۣҿ㲻˳ۡ
ʲôСӾܾϷûɣɷһŭʦ˲֪ж٣ÿһۣȴܾ
ûûٺ٣ûûԵ֡ԼιһſڿӦһ׼֮󼪡
ɷŭСӸҾܾϷˣѧҲѧ㡭ϷĹȡӰһץסԼιӡ
ԼιӲɷ֣ӲŻ֣ͨôšʮ֮һݺε󡣡
ɷĵĴЦԼιӵЦƨĹӣֵһᣬѧϷĹǲŽʹ졣
ɣԼйҪѧġԼιӻȥˣ쵽ʮ֮һûƣдһ˵ʦ˻ʮӵǿʦõһ㶼ʹ졣
ҲøɣɷӲϹһְֻڻԼιͷ˸Ƭ̼ɴڣֽԼιӵܶȥЦСӣԺųҲܣ𽥷ӳ
ԼιץͷҡҪĹȥȻܣҡһҡܶȥҲ̫ˣҽеϹ㺦ˣԺ󡭡ˡ
С£˱ԣϷĵܼˣС㣡ɷĺ֣ȴܿģ̲סЦ
ԼιӿĵѽҲ㣬ǿдڣ㣬ԺûκιϵҲĹ֤
ɺСЦ֤ǻԼιӰɷǰΪӴڹɷǰͬ⣬ԼιӾ͹ڵʮʮҹɷǰû취ǿΪӣ
㡭ֻ侮ʯԼιӴʱŸеԵҪ֪ɺС㣬ùϵ
߿ִӣһߵȴӢϳ漣ԼιʱչģɴԼĹҲʾԺɷɷ⣬ǻԼιԺֻҪĹҪǿУԼιӲС
Х𡭡ডԳӢ͵վſںХư磬ˡ
ɲǼ䣬ХʨǺԳ䡢ণȼա׵ӿˮģ顢׵顢顢顢顢ˮں˸ŰǿϢԼƻ
ضɽҡѣ
߷׷׵Ԫ壬ӰƶѹǺܴܳܣ˭ܱ֤᲻Ȼ䱬ѹû˸ұ֤
ҵﰥ˶ʮ꣬Ϊ꣬ȵˣԼιʱ˱ǿӵĲ졣
Ӣ쾡·йһͨХ˲üģָƽʮǰƻĺܳףʮиһոֱݲˡ
𰸾ҪܲܳȥϾ֪ˣڼһʱ䶼˵Ӣ
ӢҲһߣȥ
ȥԼιӼˣӰһӢǰ档
Ӣҽſȥͬʱ͵رԼιԤϵӢֹӢ߳ͬʱӢٶ̫죬ýƨɳӢǻԼιӹҪߡ

ƨɵĻԼιˤ˳ȥֽеҵѽǵڶˣһûע⣬עˣǱУҡõù
Ź֣ˣٶȱȶʮǰһʮɱ˳ߣڸ˵ˣҢѹӵĿЦΪȼˣȼʷд
ۿӢҪӽ֣ɷӰһǰ棬ЦСӣСϵĳ棬ԴСˣļٵȴʮ꣬뿪װɣ
Ӣԥų鹥˫ȭʱŭǻԺߣӡʵңνȻڿյ棬ΪʵҹⰲţҲʵҷˣȻİʮ꣬ʵΪʲôٻ
ôƢȵĸϹƢ㶮棬һΪǸϹĵӣɷǴڸ֣Ϊߵˣӳס飬ƾӢ˫ȭؿڱը

Ӣ˫ȭںɷؿڱըɷ˵ĺƯҲԾеؿڷ飬ԪȻܵӰɬ
䣡Ӣŭ˫ϥͬʱ˸һֹϢϮɷһֱӢȴСַܳǿһɡ

ɷһͬʱʶˣУ˫ϥըһѸЩңȥһԪǱɢɡ
ӢùֶȥȺɷʱѾӢӰӣ۴У˫Ӷ¡¡˫µ
ԼιˣǻǲѽϹðڴҶں
ġɷһûطйһ˦ùĻԼιӷ˳ȥ
ߣҢѹЦдϮɷԼιû˵Ϊʧȥ˳Ļᣬʲôȥ
ͿСӲ˳ˣģƨıûУȴĽҹɷЦдӳ
䡭
ʹӴĺҢѹǿ¿Ʋס˳ȥ
ҲǺöɷʧȥŮˡ
ѩŮ湬Ƥӵ۸Ϭӡ˳ȥɷ㷢ʲô裬ֲһȥҶȥʧ
䡭
ںɷѩŮмͷųⷭ
ѩŮǶûˣӡ֤һΪߵףɷǻΪʧŭҪͷš
ѩŮö˵Ϭӡ¡¡ıըƴͷţ߷׷׺˱ܿΧƾƴ

ʮ ŭкɷ

Ӣǻŭ֣߳į͹¶ӡʵҷһشϢ棬ϣΪС
Ҫú룬ڲηӡʵңҪȥҷʸΪʲôû㹻ɣɱ˷ںʵˡ
ʮͯиоӢϢһջԪֳֹͯʮͯͻӢǰ
ӢûҲûٸˡ
ҩͯһ˼ϾӦ飬ȻûϢɢһϢ˵ãúС
Ӣ񻺻ƶҩͯϣûеʲôãҩͯӲ޵ķʸ
ҩͯӿ϶صͷԲϾҪǰܣκһŶ˵Ӵˣ㲻ǣź΢
ϼٿ㹻㳬ʥ̥ǿԽɽ磬Ҳܿʥ磬ⲻǲ²⣬Ʋ⣬ҲûӴʥſԣʥУ̺СĿǧżһҲۡͯŮ֪ʶԨĺ
Ӣ侲ʮͯ㣬һ֮Ĭûݲű߼ʵĻ˫˵û˼
Ӣ˼Уͯһӣֹ֣ʮһȥӰʮͯҲûӢʶӢһܣ򵥣˼ĳЩ£Ҳڵ˼Ӣδĵ·һ㣬ӢľӰ쵽δƣֹ綼ܵӰ졣
ºӢ˼лع񣬻۾˼Щ±տڲᣬʮͯ˵ʲôַˡ
ʮͯҲûӢľ˭Ҳûʣǵ˺ӢϵһҲ˵޹ϵʱؿ뿪
ͯӳֹ̾Ϣ뿪Ĺȡתۼʮȥ˰
Ӣ۾һ˿ʣˣİռΨһĵˣ뵽Ƣһůʹʮ겻֪ôӦ췢Ƣɡ
ϣӢһɣһεط
ͯӴӴеϣһµЩ㹻һ󣬹ƺдƳɹҵεطҲƳһ֪ͨ½ֹ𣿡
ʱҪӢӹƲϣӰһ
ҩͯӻĹȷֹȣͽֹȣǲ֪ãΨһĵˣ߰ɣҲöˡ
ʮͯӰһʧں⡣
߾ϵĴ䣬һ⣬ӢûӢٻʹҢѹӼҲûӢӢĸ̫ˡ
ǣκ鶼⣬Ӣڲǻǰ𣬼Ӣּǳȥϣˡ
ӢҲ˵˵һ϶ڵϣһҢѹӼǾҢѹӡԼιӡŮûߣƴ󣬾ͿҢѹӼˡ
ҪңǷѧҢѹӸ㲻ӢҪʲôƲʶκһ߶ʶΪƷκһҪһء
ԼιӹЦҵǶһ㣬ǲȳȥƷںơ
Ӣָһ㣬ڵϻһ󣬼ЭϸֻҪпһ۾ףǱϣЩϸھ˵ˡ
ҪƴǳȥԼιӴϲȤˣƣȿϵʽٵҵѽʲôûһʵƳϾǲǸˣںûãԹˡ
ӢŮŮҡͷǶƲǿĴ󣬻Լι˵Ĳ߶Ʋִ
ҿˣȳȥȻٰơԼιϵ΢Ц飬ǲͷȴ¡

Ӣҽ͵رһŽԼι˳ȥҲѻԼιӺ仰߽ʺڶ£Ҫںƴ󣬻ҺЩŹ֣ʮͯһơ
ǵΡԼιӿЦŴӵ
СӣҴϷӣûʦڵ𣬳Աӵˣһţʦûӡɷѧҽ͵̧Ӣ
ХϻˣӢſںХϮͬʱ͵غ󵹣˫ƾǰ챬
ɷһգŶһںĴ顣
Լιһ㲻ɷ飬ֻҪԿˣ

Ӣ˫ںɷСȱըͬʱӢһⱬɷֹסɷš
ɷ䲻³ţʶˣӢҲƶкɷɷʹΣŭһ˫ɨ
Ӣǿɷ߰ƶһϥкɷͬʱͻֵкɷʺͬʱɷӢ
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Ǹңɷʱŭǣһ֣챻һȼУһʹˣ˵ܴ裬ƫƫͷϽͣñף趯һһɫͷš
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Ңѹ˱ǿ˳ȥϵͬСɣɷǽ˳ȥޣ˰һأٴε
СǣϷҪ֪ϰףȥɣɷЦÿһ䣬⵽ػңңˤ
ХͬʱӢǧ˹Ǳˤڵϣȫɢ˼ܣ𣬺ԥɷ

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СӹаţҲŹϷЩɷϺ죬ӰһӢЦĿģʵӢһŭҽӢãɱӢ
ͬʱƣɽʿѩŮѸٶԷһͬʱӰֱӢͺɷ
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ɷһˣĵķ˫䣬Ц뼸СЦҪϣ

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ӢѩŮͬʱӰƶӽеĺɷͬʱڹڼŭͣζӿȣӰƶٶȼӿʮֹ
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ͻȻ䣬Ӣϵĵⷭ˲ΪŨӢ漣سںɷߣĲɷͷ漴һűɷʬֳɼˤ˳ȥ

ھжڵϣȫɵˣ߽һȼɱˣ⡭̫ˣš
ӢɢŨɷ৵һҡÿһƹǵѹ»عʶܿӢҰ
칫Ӣƶʱһͷѣڵϣ߾ȣ°ɣ
Ӣɷŭʧȷǰ޵⣬ζѸʧȫʧΡ
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߰ɣҪ˵꣬ҲƲˣйŮĳƺʵܲΪеȣҪȳǿΣҢѹӿЦ֪֮Ӣǲĸԡ
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ıͨؼˣֻҪܳȥʱһҲҪ
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ӢָƣҰҲӢָӢ֪ܲƵһܼʱָˡ

ʮ 

ʱת˲ȵȴûƳɹ߼ˣţʹһ죬Ӣԥ뿪ǽԶû뿪Ļ.
Ӣһָ㣬ǳһ۽磬ʶǰÿһȴûĴţɽʿȳֶʰ·磬ķڷ
һˣƳɹνĻɹǲһˣظ߿Ƽƹ̺Ϳ
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Լιֻȹӣǲʲôʱ˻ʲôԸԶںѽ
СɫΣûԼιӣɺС߳ŭû˼ҲûҪӢĴء
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ˮͷǵģӢ򼸴αȻоգһ챻ƣ縮ǳ硭

ӢһŽˮ˳ȥЩһҰĲû˷ˣͲհǰ˺
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æǰ˵ЦˣλǰǸˣҲʸι
ѩŮ΢΢һЦӣ㵣ηֹȹǿĹΪǵģΪ㲻ǣǲ㣬ҪǹͲҪƴˡ
Ҳɴ࣬ͷðɣƴǾԵ飬ͬ⣬Ҿ͵ηֹȹ
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Ǿͺãӣ㿴ɫӶòͲҪй˼ɣ񽻸ûģɫԺϴĸˡɫƤϴֻı顣
ɫĸҲ˵ϴĸˣеﲻԣֲ²ⲻæһϴĸˣһ
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߷׷뿪ûߣŶʮ¶ȴӢӢİΣӣ޷ʧȥӢ

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ѵXA123XB756̫࣬޷㣬Կռ仮ΪڶÿһռУABCȻ֣ABCȿռΪš
ӢЩֲǰҲû˸ˣγҵXA123򣬽ܵAB756ԯޡ
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ͯƺ֪еֳƣһִŶʮ¶ĴˣҪֵӹ˽Ңѹˣ칫ûóǰ칫Ӣߡ

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Ĺȸ߲Աʦ棬ȣͨӳֵ̣ȸֲ֣ԱʦˣɫӣƣɽʿѩŮȸۻҡ
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ԼιӹװûˣŵǿˣʵǣǼ޸ˡ
Ǽ޸һðɡʮеĻżֺ߽˷ꡣ
ʮеĳοڹЦ˽ҲǼ޸ҳοܹˡ
˼ʮȫˣ漣ѽԼιӣҿ㻹кλ˵ܲ˵޸˰ɣ罿ѡ
ѽˣ˭˵ʮŮ罿ԴþϹԼι˵ĺ棬Ź⣬ǺЦʮӵˣҲѵãʮŮٴ룬Ǽѻ
οܹЦɺҲ֪Ϊһܺζλλλˣ˼Ҳмһȥˡ
ҼsС㣬ұ˴˶֪Է˭ûкùӷ棬˵˹ġ
ԼιЦû뵽Ƕˣڽҵһ룬ףԸ³ɣϲüż
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Ůֱ˫诣漷ƣˮţ˫ڵƤͣ漷ƴ࣬飬ˮ䣬ſɰ
۾ڴĳŻԼιӣڸǻüѾ㣬һˡ
Լιæˣˣ޸ܡ
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ԼιЦҲԾĿģҶţˮС㣬ܽʮӺʮŮһԸ۾ͷϣûãȷʵС
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ļѹӿЦƣϹ൱࣬м޷˶Ͻ縮ӿĿӣ˷Ͳҷ縮ˣһȼ񶼸ңΪβңǺܽſȥԣұ֤Ӣһκηֻ·һ
ԼιЦѵôҼ棬ҽ鲻£̸ģһȥᣬǼλ˶һҪȥǲȥû˼
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ҪôӸʲôҵǾԼι˵ʮ׷Ķ󡣡
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漷ʲô̬ȣʮѿ𣿡
ҸѵǼڿĹң罿Ц
ΪӢһʱ䣬֪ʲô𽾰ԸʵСαˡҢѹӺ䳰ȷҲἸλŮĲߵӢվš
㳡࣬ϯ̨ݸ߹򸮹Ա̾λ㳡ڶѾݽϸߵĴٹ˺ͼּ߽룬һһȵʢ¡أǣ˺ܶˡ
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λֺܾɣܼ򵥶ҪȽÿһλֲʧʱǡôλֽܵһŮʱӢķ츲ص𶯡
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ڹ㳡Ů԰֧ߺܶ࣬Ϊܻӭ˸ߺ԰Ұ㡭ȵС
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ͬʱʮʮŮ𿪳ŮŮϴҲӽӢȥץӢĸ첲еҿˣ߰ɣԺҵġ

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ϯ̨һȺظŮҽڵǼظ裬Ҳû˹ǣеע̨¡
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ʮŮŵɫ԰ףȨƾ۸ˣûһҪԿܵûˣȫмѾڵϡ
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ΰӺɫȷʵ˼ӺͳЦЩһͲǺöȻǵС£ߣСҲգҪˡ
Ҫ֣ҪƹӾ
ƹʵ֤ӰһӽļС㣬һһѽԥ˳ȥ
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ƹӹЦ˫Ů˭ҲӲΣαװˣˡ
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ȺûͰ׿ǵĿĴﵽˣûҪ˻ɡ
ԼιӺܴǻ۹ˣҲ޷ı䱻õľ棬Ԥ֪Ͱ׿ǣ˭뵽ᷢôı仯ɱҪԱĹС㣬ʵϳӢҲ
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ӢɣӢЩŮӵˣֹһҹʱӢӢӢͲ־塣
㡭ҡŵ˵ˣҲܼڼˣŮ鱾͸ӣԳƲ⡣
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һܳʹˣ̲סȷϰҲһΪȥˣû⣬ڿˣһ򵥵ļ񡣡
Ů԰ͷĪ뷼԰˼ѧɱҩͮԷԷ£й쾧Ǽ֮죬ϧ챻ˣóϳ֣Ϊֻкʺڡ˼顣
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԰Ů԰ٻҡͷԣϴڷ԰¿ֲӡȥŻѧ
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൱ŭһγԱŸһȼ񣬳ʮʮŮСϴڤɽмλѽ縮ȫˣûXA123򣬽һ㹻ǷֿӲͣ
Լιæˣ㲻ǿ۴ñӣǸ˶ԹҪǣƹ󣬸ղͰ׿ڽ裬Ҳˣ벻ǣ˵ܶû򣬰ìͷָǣⲻƽ
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ܻӦһּϰٻϯ̨Χʱ׼֡
󻤷λŮԣķ֣ҹ棬Ϳ֬Ĩۣ˵θڣһӣ෴Сɽӣۡ
󻤷ЦһӢʱӢ񲻿ɵִ˳ȥҪϯ̨ˣϴνȻ棬ǴһЩִ߸ס
ССˣִΪںϣһȼһأԶˡ󻤷ˣӢΪӢ̫ӢӢݣӢӢµһӳƺţݣԼ̫ûͣͺӡ
Ӣջҽţ۾ڻȼգǵشһϷڶܿܰ䱻Ĩʧȥӡ;ֲ棬Ϊʵҹⰲţİ硣
ҲԺİ棬ɵȼУǰƺνΪԼ磬ǲȼνڲͬˣȼǶ裬裬ϲ˽˵϶Ҫˡ
ʵһֱѰҵĻӡ뱻ƣ˼Ϸ˷츲ر仯ܶ鲻ĬĬ޹أǣˣӢĽݾʧȥֻгΪߣﵽһƾ豾ռ䣬ǾҪ֮أ챻ɧţﵽԽռľһ롣
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׭Цǰǵ֮סأ˵ĻҲЩǸûˣҲûã̹Ȼԡ
˪СԳһֱӪһЩѺܶ࣬㵽ʶɣټΪ򸮳һ𣿡
Ӧÿ԰ɣϾ¹ش֣ǲҴ⡣ԳĺλĲ󳼸׭עϣһҾ˪СǵǰְλߵһҲǽ縮ټ˪СƽʱڽʣʵۺӦǰЩգ֧˪С㡣
˪Сҡͷ̫ˣ˫ܺһʵҲסаա
ǲҲ֧˪С㣬˪Сһ
ҷԣ׭ȻϵˣϵɣһֳĬ˪˳Ϊһ֪ȴû취Ĭ
Цʧʱԣ֪ʲô
׭޵ҧгݣ˵ɣȻһ䶨֪˵û˪С㣬һ˼ɺܼ򵥣˪Сƹ򸮲ôܷ¡
Ȼϣͷ¡ȷʵҪʹסҲûãҡ
˪СͽԳһۣƷչɷֳˣһɣ׭һɣȻʱģ浱ͷɻʱֳɡ
Ǹļ⣬ȻɱйԱҲٴγֵĺ
Ͼ֪ˣӢˣŻԼιӵһڴӢʮ֣ͯżλŮ
׭С㡢Գ͵վΣһôϢң֪ˣղӢĿӢɱ˿ֲֶΣûԡ
ԼιЦÿˣĸ߶ˣ˯ˣλ˲𣬴ҹ죬˵ʲô˵
С㡢Գ˻һۣ׭ĺǿľ
ΨһƱʱͰ͵λˣ̸ӭ
ӢһۣߵϷɱ׭
ǣϷͯŮԸ⣬ӢȻˣ˫ֱַ׭

׭˾ӰͬʱУͼøźͿˣЩܶзӦˡ

ʮ ˮȨ

ϷͯӳȥŹ֣˸׭ʧʱʧɱҪ߸ٱ
˪ͽԳսľҲҪֵˣҲˣܵвûκηֻܵȴ
ӢԳθ˪βҹۺһס棬һлָ
˪ͽԳһ̤ʵˣô˵ˡ
ԳѹľҪһеѣǲҵģϾ㿴
ӢԼιӲ߻ҢѹӼලʮͯЭ˭ɱ⡣
ԼιĴϲӢܲܽһЩߵ˽ӴԺXA123ڣû˽
Ӣͷ㿴Ű죡
Լιֵ˴ȨЦλҪסƣǵʱȣжշ׭˵ߡ
ԳŻԼιӡҢѹӡͯչշٶ൱죬зԱһɸɱֶΣԳ򸮺Ϥ˽һһţԼιӱЦһһ䷢ӹǻۣԸȡ˲ֶͬշҢѹӼලָɱʵǰͯԳ֡
УӢ۾£ϷϻͯվԱһӢʮͯȫǲȥ⣬ͯΪ粽Ӣ
˪С㽻ȥ̹Ȼ״ҲǺʧʹһλã縮ջ룬ʱһҪ̨
˹ʮһڻҷϵĶǾƣʱû˼ָԪǲ²Ӣ⣬Ӣһֱκ鲻Ȥһһٰʮȴת䣬Ҫʲô
ĲⲻǺҲӢҪưԣǾǰס
õıָڻдΪʲôѴȨ˽Գ˪飬췴ôŲ
ԱߵˮдĴǶﲻϤ˪ͽԳϤԵҲ˰æ׿ƾơ
дǱɱˣʵӢǻۺܸߣ߻ľ˿ң˪ͽԳȨʵǻԼιӺҢѹӡ
дˣû˪ȥ
˫ָдȻȥ˪ʵɣȥδǺ£˵ˣ֮ƿؾƣǲ񡣡
ƹдԭΪֶοֲû뵽ǻһ˿ֲѾƣ˵ʲôˣ侲Զԣ۾Ʒչ
ɫɷԳ׷׽ҡ
ԳϾҪѾշʱƣ򡭡ʱ䲻һʱ
Ӣ۾ͷԼιӡ
ԼιӵϾɣһЩһﻹ뷴ҢѹӺԥɱˣһԵèҪֻҪʹǲдҽٿ顭
Ӣ֯Լιӣȥţʮͯ¡
ԼιӴϲһִʮʮӵ뿪ңҪٿ飬²򸮹ȡĳЩƶȡ
ֻӢʮͯ
ӢҪߣھߣߣԶ¡
ʮͯһ˵⣬ڲ뿪ӢҪ뿪ͲѡӢѡӢԶ¡ûҲܡ
ҩͯһ˼Ͼ˵˵Ĵ𣿡
ӢǲŹ֣ɢԶ𣿡
ʮͯɫĪԶʹ
ͯŮ̾ϢɢԶɣǾԣתһ;ת˵ѣҪйɢΪĸЭͬʱҪطַ͸ֺ˵ûַ͸֡
˵ɽмɢתƽɽ磬ɢҲУԶûõʹõҲûãҪЭͯŮЩ
ӢҴӦǡ
仰򵥣ʮͯˣһ𶯣ĪͬʱǻӢܲϾӢ߶ǡ
ϾһΣʮͯͬˡ
ҩͯӳǴӦûתǰ㣬ԶתԶš
Ӣû˵վ߳ңһڳʿȻʱҲӡʵҵ;ǾгĴ㣬ߵӡʵңʲôʱ֪Ϊ߶㲻ϣģҲĸʮͯҵ
ԼιӼ˾֮ڴͻٿ飬λ齫ԳԸٿμӻ߽ˡ
ԳҲȷһЩҪݣ򸮾һϵб仯ʱȨְλʱȱȷ˵Ҳ֪˭Ҫ˵ǣXA123ϾƿأҲ˵ҲףٿλĿǸߴңĿǰճУ˹䣬б䶯֪ͨÿˡ
ԼιЦϾԭиȫɱκһˣûԸٳ֣ҲԸ⣬ҲԸ⣬ȻҶԸ⣬ǾʵʵɺԼıְ
ԳͷɺñְǹܲˣȻϾ棬ϸ񾯸棬ӵ˽һĹסƣȻ˵˽ڶȡ򸮹ԱȨ˹ԱʹļûȨ̹˵ûЩС¹ʣǲмˣ־Ͳ
ԼιЦЩСҲ̫ˣȻǿʲôУҪɱҢѹӣ޼ɵĵزҪãϣԺҪٷ
ԳӽΪ򸮰칫ģعԱȥǰ칫ȴ˼˽ֶȡõıȲҵһջأؼλҪ
Ңѹһ䡣
ԳЦЩε磬ŵɫ԰ףûʹ˵Ϳ˭ƴȨȡȼݣʽǿƷȵȣعԱø⣬ֹԱ⣬켰ճʹãشӦı䡭
ŽԳһϲǣưǵĴ󲿷ȨӦṩ˲ٷ㣬бװɣ˵״
󣬻ԼιЦʱ䣬ʲô뷨Ҫй˼ɣû˻㣬ȻⲻΥղһϵ
԰еλҶλ飬ѧԺУ԰Ů԰԰ȱ԰
ԼιӻֹУһ󵨾Ц԰Լѡ٣칫ԺΣӽ𣬷԰ͳһѧУصλ˷԰λøѧУȳ
ѧԺУԷԷһ漴ĴϲͿ򸮶ѧԺȳĹʽڿչֽŴˡ
ҢѹܶԼº󽫲Ͻ칫ңشϱ칫ҾִУõ˸棬ߣ
һŮվūḺˣȡūᣬ칫ҿǡ
ȡȡһҪȡԼιڴӦӢѴȨõӢԣʵĺӢЩģܿܰĸԷ϶ܿܰūŴ󵨾ˣЦĺãҽԳһЩЭȡūᣬ˭Ҳ˽߷ɱ
Ůϲãڿʼ֧ϾʹԺ󱻽縮Ҳڡ
ؽôˣܹؾܷšҢѹӿֳ̬ˣӽ𣬳˵λ以ЭһλøһλʹȨ
Լι۾һתߴһϢϾɱǿˣʵûʲôڸѾɱ˺üɴ䣬ҿĿãѽţò˼飬ȥǶȽڣ˵ڸֺ˲Ͼɵɱ˴ڸ֣ҪɱȽڸҲѣЩΪ˲ϾǰСĿ
һȻǱըԵϢĳЩĽȫ飬òʶӢҲ˻ʵԣΣѹǼϢ
߷׷⣬ԼιӼ˴˾ąֹ̃߳Աĺ͹裬ȥ֧ӢĹԱȱȽǣӮǵΡ
ӢûĻչڰ칫ĸɢһЩ¡
ϻͯŮϾˣϵϢڰ칫⣬Ϊһ룬ӦǷӡˡ
ӢûʹΪʲôڰ칫⣬Ҳܲ²⵽һǸֵڰгȹ۲磬򸮷仯֪ˣ˲Ź֡
ϲӯӯˮһٶ˳ڰ칫Ĵ¥⣬סû׷Žȥ
ɫƤЦְأܲǵס˭֪ϾãδСӣҪҼ𣿡
һȵĴŹˣҡͷλԭ£ԱڿᣬϾǲȥɧţܵһ𣬻ϱ档
ֵʮҲˣǱֺ侲վԱû˺򽻵Сǲ档
ɫƤЦʲôʱû֪㾡ܷȥϾǶ֡
־æҡͷλ벻ҪΪЩƻĺܿ죬ʱһΪλͨ
˺ְصǲΪǣĺܺãǾ͵ȵȰɣû¡
ʮһлͨԹ˺øУӢԸȥλͨһϧң
ɫƤЦǾ͵ŰɣһγͳԱŸ
ӰһͯŮſڣֵǽϾ
룡ʮϲ˵˽ȥ
Ϊ׵ɵղš벻Ҫ֡ǡ
Цģ޹أûǡ
ллллл
˵˽СͻңӢѾڵȴҶˣҲӢƢûк¡
ϲԽӢּˣΪҪܾòܼ棬Ǻ㡣
Ӣͷû˵
㡭Ӣˣ̫ˡ㼤ĵᣬȴһܾˣڵȵˡ
Ҳе⣬Ӣǣ漣
ֿЦӢ㲻Ը˺ܴ仯ſ˵ٿӦý롣
Ӣͷˮ
ˮһӢЩʣҪйܣΪˣѹס棬кܶǰǱȽϺʡ
ʦЦˮˣˣӢĹܣΪûϵֲҪִܣھȥûЩںңȻԱ档
ˮüͷһǾòʣȽϺãҶ
ЦʲôߣҲȥ
ȥɣӢ
ڹ˴ͷ£ˮһٶȥ˻ңֵϹӢȷˮݣȻˮϻݼ򵥲һЩȻɴϽ飬Աжϰ칫ڸ

ʮ ŭХ

Ӣʵʵڰ칫Ĵһ£˼û֪ʲôӢһµԭǵ򸮳£
һУˮͽԳ򣬸棬ڳַ츲صı仯˵ȥͷϼԺ󲻱ҪĽɡ
ڸˮִţǸԭִǸӣ޹ؿԣ˭˭ִߣΪˣԳӪȻ򸮿ʼ٣ƽ
ڰ칫ʮͯһ֣ȲתУԤ縮ǲִ
ʮӺʮŮһֱڻָƣû縮ԼιҢѹû룬ŮʶӢǿʵ̤ʵˣǲ֪Щ˭˭Ҳûǽܡ
֮ӢȻˣû칫ԱʮͯʮŮʮӣXA122⣬122123Ӣѡ岻Զ
𽾪ȵǺӢҪʲôƺ
ҿҲ񣬲ȻʲôùӢܲܳڻҿ϶
Ӣʮͯýֹ뿪
ֹοܹһʳͯһסʮʮŮһ
ͯӽƲϽӢʮͯӰһʧȥҺʵĵطֹȣӢС
ɽǧߣ׷ΧסӢһҪֶѹϢûص߳˺ͻǧأ൱ࡣ
Ӣûǧߣ˳ֽ϶ڵϣ˴ͼΡ
ǧߴüͷӢϢܼܽȴ׶ǿȣȻǲɵΪûϢܽȫϢǵһ㡣
üмңǸʲôһʵ
һŮߵǴ󣬵ǣ˽ĴЩͬͬʲôطҡ֣Ĵ𣿡
ӳ͹ˣ㶼˽⣬Ǹ˵ɪҲмң˵˵
ɪһӣͷǴм˽ⶫǰûУھ˵ˣɽ˼ʶ㣬Ҳܲ²⵽
ɽ̾Ϣ벻Ҳ²ⲻȵȰɣΪԸʲô
ڵʲôΪʲôҪǳȥ뿪ΣϣˣѵҪŹ𣿡˵⻰һӣЩ⻰˵ȥˣһ
ɽ˳УòҪ̼ңŪ⣬ܸǧ߽
һЦû˵ɽˣȴݵҧгݡ
࣬ԶԻȶƲˣҲ߶ԭɡ
Ƭ̺ӢվǧĿתӢȴ𰸽ͲûߴˣЩվߣԣضӢ·
ӢԹȥᡣ
򵥣ǧˣҪӢڹͷ
һȼÿڴʹòϣ޷÷ǳȥô󣿡
Ӣǻŭȼգȥûκι˼
иû뵽ܵвСӣðŹҿȼҼʶĶˣ㻹ãˡ
ʱӢվڻǰ棬еͻȻˣӲеʺʱвŷӦˣŵӢ˵ʲôȴ˵

Ӣһ߷ɻеʬ壬ȵʬʱѾɢɼ顣
ǧ˲پףûκηӦᣬȴʱѾˡ
Ӣٷϻ
ɽ̾СӣˣںУͱɱˣȴǳԾ˵ˣǸղſ㻭Ḷ́ûƣ˵κδûãγƺ㣿
ӢӢڸЩԼȥȻǾˣĸֶأûҪЩ߷ϻ
ȥѹܴЩ߳ܲˣ벻ҪðաɽΪ˻㲻Ӣ
ǲѹܴӢûǧߣȥǧ߸ں棬һƲ⣬ҲӢһ£뿪ᶼûˡ
һƯŮߵӢԸù
ü̾ϢҪôȥҲûãǸƲˣƲϺ⣬ҪƣǵΪ
ɽ˵ʵںпˣԹûҪܣԶںʲôãӢǲǲӦ㣬Ʋ˴𣿡
ӢҪĿظ֣ЩҪĥӿٶȣƬ̽ٷΧһΧǧ߷ٶȣѾܵѹǰӢȻȥ
ƯŮ߻ȻǴˣǵһνϤܺڲǹȥأ˼飬γӴѹģ
ɽ˵ͷŮʿǻ۹ˣȻô˵Ӧòǿ۽磬ȴּܽɱĻУԪӤֽ߰أسǼʮλǰЩΪΰ
ƯŮʿǵŰɣС˽漣Ҳпܣ뿪ϣ
ǧһ⻰Ůʿ˵ŶȸߣӢּɱ˻Уǲ㶯ӢӢأͳǿӢǳղĻûǿӢھûǿȲŶˡ
ʮѹȼдʦϺгԾĴӢ̲סСӣνģ
ͬǺУȼпɲĴȺһһĶˣ෴ȼдʦһ㲻ˣƢ͸еıȡ
ӢûᣬֱȥһΧܲӴѹȻѹ󣬵û粽еĳ̶ȡ
ȼдʦЦСӣиԣ룬رըػӰ죬ʱⲻ˻ˡӶһӢ
Ӣջء
ϺһӢ̬ȣЦƢСӣ˵˵صԭܲǧΪɡ
ӢŭڿȼüĻͬʱطѹӢ߳ϱ
ȼдʦԸгԾᣬغΪСӷ˱仯
ڲԶһ·õӣȫԸֿسֽе֪ͺãϢСӿУ㲻ҪвУСӹȥ
ȼһᣬˣȫը
ֽеʲô˼Сһʼ˵ˣǲÿߣȻܳΨһĿرըͷûëǻҲûˣ
ҡᣬҹȥ𣿡Ϻȫ
ЦУ˰ɣ˭ҲӮ˭ٺ٣ûرըǼ£Ǿͼ棬û
ȼƢˣЦᣬСҲŹȥʲô취
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ӢХ𣬻üһ
ȼһŶ㡭
䡭
ڱըͷųӴ漴طҲȼգҡ
ЦϺУ㾪ʲôղŲǺţ𣬼
䡭
ڱڲұըںͬʱӢ׷׽ӢڣȼзⱻϢ⣬Ӣõɣðŭȼȥ
ȼдһջ⣬ӢԾСӣģ⡭
ҪӢͻȻȼʺ
ȼһڵֿѹĶãȻûӣ̾Ϣ벻ӢһȴһУ
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˾УϢӢͽڣӴѹӢϢȼеɱŰ;ϣҧгݵֿӴϢ
ȼгûʮɣЦԭΪˣ벻һ޳ᣬԺеĶ
һֽеϺУ㲻Ҫ̫磬سҪըǣرըٺ٣ǶСѽſʲô
ȼ߳ŭᣬֻǲǣΪҲ룬ǻϢҷԪ֣ðĹСӣͨܳôĻϢôûը
Цִ˲ǣͨܽܽأǸˣھǼѹ뿪ûõķϻ˵
»Ѱ졭ȼгɡ
ӢҧгнĵشʱķŲ¹ˣXA123縮ƣ縮Ĭ̫á
ȼһȥˣʱҪ뿪˭֪СһʲôᣬСɰġ
ֽеղɱ㣬㻹ô˵𣬺ٺ٣
ϻ˵𡣡ȼŭ𣬡ˣ֪ŲƨҲϻǲ²С
᲻ΪȻ¸ƨҪ£öԽ˽漣ܽǰδţʲô¡
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ʲôã㲻׼ƢѽǸϹǰ䳰ȷҪôֶţЩҵǹУٺ١ô˵ȴ˸Уںܺõ
ڵϢǿңʮȫԸֿ¡¡ıըϣʱرըĿܡ
ӢȻϢѹļϢûιȥԼӴѹͬʱ칦תϢŴ칦ڣתһӺʧһһ
һʱ󣬴ϢΧӢתʮָеѹһᣬʱõĻرըһʼûըʮֵΪֲʮΪڷ񡢺ϣΪߣҪѹصΪߡ
ЦһСĪһΣһʮߣܲ
ȼйЦûʲôںʱˣһ̼Ҳҵ֣ôװڸû̲£ùգǾߣǡ
Ǹʲôˣǲ²ȿŰɣ²ⲻԭ򣬸ɴò¡
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ʲô˼һ
ȼв²Ǵǳ
һκСﲻǱպͿ˰ɣܳȥͳȥˡ
ȼйЦҸղŻ봫С﹦ãںոӴʱҲȻҸûꡣ
ἱˣŭͺӣʲô˼Сղ˵û˵˭ڣô϶㣬Уʲô¶㣬Ψ²С
ȼе˭һ
㡭ñס
ХӢϹﳳķϻѹ̲סſںХ׵üʱѹǿһں¡¡ĺ
ϹһȫԸͷԪѹϢ
ȼŭᶼ㣬ҿ㻹ҲҸ
̬ȼ
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Ϸңң츲ؾ죬׵׵ȲĻӦ
ᣬͬȼлھһᡣ
Цûţͺӣΰɡ
Ӣ൱ջ𣬻Ȼҳȫǡ
ϹһһʱûӦܿˡ
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䡭
ŵľӺأضɽҡеźѹƻӸ˼
⡭ȼлѾѹء
ǿѹЦͺӣˣٺ١
Х𣡺ণ䡭ӢĸջֺХһһХأЩ˼һȫ
䡭
ǰδеľڱըظֱ˳ȥ׷ӳɽںŰѣѹϳţ˲ǧһ롣
Х𣡺ণ䣡ӢϺХţදɽ鵽ŰƻźХң

ʮ 

ɽӢද£ںŰƬ̺ѹӢͷӢֹͣХҧгݳӴѹûӴѹιȥ˺ѣҲ˳ܵѹʹδʮ
к¡¡ıըƻĲҲ̶ãӢأǧʣ²һŰٶС
ŵİ֣ʮѹصĸ֣༸ʮΪҲⳡûйΪ
ϰٸûӢҲֵ̾ûը˵ͱըˡ
ԪǺΪߵһûǰ˶ȽڣΪ½ڣΪ侲أһʣźưܲĲĵݣ͵ضȼкᣬӢĶԻ˾ظ֣ҲԪࡣ
ȼкڵⲻΪⳡѣþŰٶⳡУûϣȼԼʱҲû⣬Ԫѹ£Σװɵ
Ԫʲôʱ򶼷ߵߣҲˣǵ;ӦÿСӸᣬ˵һбҪ˵󻰣Цûκξ裬˲ˡ
ȼйЦС˵û˵˭ѽҿӣȻ˵ںиҲ
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縮زڲ߻123һʧȥٶ򣬴һֲòֹԭƻ²ͬʱٸڣָ¼Խ縮λش߸ɴɱЩǸֵȳֵĽҽ縮ߣתע
ʮʮŮһ󣬺䶯磬ʮ˹ʮȣʮʮ󡢶ʮɽʮ¥һ˷ʵɳ˽縮ɶ󣬾ƺ΢ĳЩ뷴춯˻ᣬл׿
ˮͽԳٶ󣬴򣬰䲼ʵʩߣĺңصڽ˽װ棬ֻҪ˽ûװڴǰƲˣͬʱչװÿʱ֯ǧģӪȴסڡ
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֪ӢƢʦţûкҵط¿ӢӢ޶ԣæй
Ӣȶʮ¶Ϊ˷ܣǼ˲֣һƵĻţڲӢæʲôϣٸϡ
Ӣæͷ󺹣Ʒеڴ磬ԿӲЩΪӣ漰ܶϣЩӲɣʵһ£ССҪƣЩӲܾܣԣĳЩطҪı䣬һӴѶȡ
˵ΪЩСӲ۵ͷ󺹣ˣԹȵԵʣûϵ
˵ǰΪʲô
һ˼һܿ϶ַӢָƴƣǰڹһЩûеĿƼӦ¶
˵֪ƵĶÿйϵ֪ЩƳɹʲô;
ɪҡͷ̫ˣƣᣬӢ˵Զײˣֻܵȡ
εǾ͵ȰɣҵҪƳʲô
ʲôеޱʵ
ǡһֶԲ˸ͲĶӢ൱ҲӢȴ͵ĺεǰһʱͲ̫ˡ
̾ǽͲѧϰ˲ʱ䣬ǲüԺ԰뿪ˣлѧϰ
ʱȥ˰꣬ӢŻѪҹӰ࣬װ˳ɹһ̨ԣ֮ǰװ˺ǫ̈ʧˡ
˲ŹŵˣŵҡͷһĪ㲻ʲô˵ǷûзеǿǾͲˡ
ǱдϵͳȳӢ˵ѣֻҪѼейϵͳԾͿʹãкܶϵͳҪú룬ЩҪı䣬òҲòˡ
Ӣ˼ֱдʱŵоӲͼֽƣƹ̲ѣӢϵͳû㶨ŵѾƺһ̨ǲ֪ûãͼֽӢƹѧϰķʽƣ֪ڴԿڻ֪ˡ
дһϵͳɣӢԴϵͳҪЩѣһʱɣȻԭƺõҽ豸
ȥӢָƵɨùȥ
һȥΪʲôҪȥ
ʵʱѾ²⵽Ӣ⣬˵ǲò룬˵
üǲ֪ʲô𣬹βȥӢẦ㡣
Ҳǣ˿ͬˡ
ɨһҪǶͷɨ裬ĻʾݣЩӢҲǺܶ˸˵ˣӢһ߷й֪ʶһ⣬൱ķʱ䣬żӢ˼С
Ҫˣһ죬Ͳסˡ
Ӣӹͷȡ¸ɨȫ洢ӲУûҪù˼ϣҪʱо
̲סʵʲô
ԣӢȻˡ
ԣûжɵʲôã
Ӣһ߷ɨݣһĵ;ܶ࡭
㣡ĿЦ˰ûһ
ӢȷʵԹ˺ãϵͷŹ˼ƬȻù˹ۿߣһĿࡣ
˻عôܵȥˣ㡭ôģ̫ˡ
ӢڵС
аСӣĽ̨ܲܰԸң̫ϲˣҪһ̨øңǹǰƵġ
ѧӢͨ˵ԴûϵͳˣӢдˣһҲʶ
ӢͬˣҲ˵ƣйһӲɣʱӲƳɹװȻϵͳƵ̨棬ڶ̨Գɹˡ
ӢָΪԼӰΪĺȤҳԱĽӢƾȥ棬ݡ
֮Ӣ߳ңЩյĺܲҲóһۣЩݶԹûãҪͻԭۣζ±дӢĺԭеݷ򵥣ͻЩҽѧ±дҪʱ䣬ҽѧȫ͸УҪʱ䣬ڲܡ
ҪǼоǳȥ취

ڰʮһ 

˼ǣӢʱȥҪои֪ʶ׼ٳȥ˾ʼ˼֪ʶҪҽѧ
һ˼ʮ꣬͸˵ҽѧڶ̶̵ʮʱУܳ͸ҽ鹦򿪷ӵ˳̶ȡ
һյҽѧصоͻƵݣҲͻҽѧۣﵽָ˼䡣
ʮӢߣ죬ԵˣȤӢƵԣӢ˼ֻ÷ˣʱӢ۾æʲôģ̫ˡ
ӢԤУƣºһ̨ӰƳɹһ䣬㣬Ȼһ̨ϲţЧ򵥵Ƭ˲Ȥ˹ˣԱĽζ
֮˵ϿҲû˼ղôģ̸ңԼ㡣
Ӣʦ˼飬²Լϲķ羰ӢὫܡʹ˵Լƹ̼ͼԣýͣҲƣЩϣ˸ȤԼȥƣܲûϵ
ļУ˼ν֪ʶ͵ԣҪ룬ǼɵĹҲûģ뵽ӡʵҽѵϢԺ͵ԡ
⣬й͸߿ƼݣУͻԭƣΪЩֹһ˼ơ
һʮȥˣһ̨ʼǱԣܱʼǱԣܻˣܱʼǱԺͻˣͻԭݣ渳һ˲Ժе֪ʶȫʼǱԺܻˡ
ƳǰٴҪƷķʽηܼ򵥣ǿˣǰЩ˾˵ǻۺͶȫ޶Զġ
־ϲ̲סʵ㵽ҪʲôЩҶƣӦøǴ𰸰ɣУô˸ʲô
ãӢ³ֺˣܻһ֣ʼͼֽ
ǣӦһʼж
ӢƵʱһܶӳӳίָΪһ֣ʮжӳʮСӳһʮܻˡ
ܻܶӳӳίӳ£Ϣ
ǣ˵յطϢһֱ
ܶӳ˰ڷŸְ칫ߣЩӢƻͬʱƣǧԺʹμߣƬ̺ɣȻԿʼͼΡ
߿𾪲ѣ˵ζû뵽ڿЩ˱ǸãϣӢԲƼ˰æһû뵽Ӣƻ˻һ⣬ͨƻҵȻóƣڽ֮󣬲ǳô򵥣ҪԹ켫ΪϤ
üЦǻ˵ʲô磬䶯һʱҸе£ЩƵĺһģһ˵ģܱ𣿡
ɪͷǰҪһˣƳ˵ѣ˭뵽أ̫ˡ
ҡͷǲܣȻһܿ٣ЩûκϢһ֪ҪˣߵҪˣûҪʹüˡ
̾Ϣ̫ˣӢû뺦ˣֻһЩ˰æû˸ϢҪϢ˵ܼ򵥣Ӣܰõ
һô˵òҪЩй¶ȥڳ֪ҲƲˡ
û˵ĲΪȻڴ죬ҲƻֻҪзͻʱƣԶ
Ӣ̨ʽдתʼǱԣȻоɨϣЩҽѧգЩڿܼ򵥣һĿȻ
ϸоۺԲϣҵо㣬ͻƿԡӢűʼǱʼǱԶԲϡ
ܱʼǱӢʹܷ㣬ڲڶԲϣֻҪϻԶ֣ҲὫ봢档
ٴαû⣬ŵ˵ȴʳҲʣ϶ӢӦǣҿ϶˻ʡ
Ȼϣȴ̲סʲô˼ôø˵һ仰Ե˵𣿡
ãҽӵָ򡣡ⲻӢ˵ĻǱʼǱԡ
Ŀ㡭˵
ʼǱԵ˾ƳʱǻۣȻ˵
˾һ
ʼǱԵǰ˾
죡Ӣ
ʼǱûģȻǻۣȴ֪İû˾ȵȾγƺ˵ЩƺרΪʹãӢûǰһֱܾѵӳ־ѵͿʼˣνٹ̣ΪƸָʱȻȻʹ˾Ρ
˵˵ôס
ӢȻзӦ
Ƭ̺ʼǱԵ˾ݷˣԷԲҪָǡ
죬ǻܣӢؿֹЩù֪
ǣ˾ʼǱŲ
Ӣй¶һ֣һ㡣
ңʼǱŵˡ
ߣӢһ߳ң԰ɢŷҪҪһоȥɹʧܸռһᣬܵԷԴҽѧΪⲢ׼ȷ
߳Ӣ뿪Ļ῿ܵԣϿûʲôֱ𣬾벻̨ͨô˵
ϾܰѷڸǶá
Ҳ⣬ͷģ취ڸǣѧô̫ˣƽʱûº͵˵˵Ҳ
ҿʲôݣƷǾͷˡӢʼǱԣɵˣϵһҲʶٵвͨϾ뵽ǻ͵ǿ
Ҳô룬ᱣܣղŵҪ˵ʲô˵һоʲôˣһʲô˵ʳΨΪʲôҪأ
üΪʲôæˣϾã˭㣬룬ǽͲɴ಻ͣϵĶǿ˵Ҳһס
Ĵ֮һɫƤһֱֺܹɣӢڣĽӢУֶܴŮãϰ졣
ЦҿӢ·ӡ
˭˵ҲŮģŮ漴ĻֳһƤŮգ۾൱ɰ
ɫƤһŮģӢ˼ѹҪܣԭѽǺǡ
棬ɫƤòҪ˵ӢƢ£һ˭Ҳˡ
ǣǣҲ˵ɫƤ˵
ȤŵĻʵߣղŲ˵ʲô
ĻϵŮӻæҡͷܣɲҪң˾һɾԭҾͲˣûˣҿɲ
˾Ϊʲô˾Ī
ŮһµⲻǻܣԸ㣬˾ǾйٽףǶ˾ġ
˻ûŪףʵܸӣˣҲˣ˵˾ţˣ
׹⻰⣬Ȼ֪Ӣƣ޷󷨱˵Ӣɱߣװ˵ԡ
ŮˣҶúܶ࣬Ǹղ˵ԣҾͶкܶ࡭ܶˣѧʲôҾû
ꣿһӢʮû뿪ңɱ߰װԣͬ⣬ƳĶô˵ǻۡ
ӢϲԽǺðôơ
Ůѽǲкܶ𣬰ѳˣ򵥵ģҪȫ죬ҪԳݡ
ͣͣͣӢæŮ˵ȥЦ㻹ǲҪ˵ˣʲôĪѹϾ˵ˡ
Ůգ۵ѽܼ򵥵ģһһǣܿѧˡ
ӢæҿˣѧᣬϾˡ
ŮʧǾˣͲʲô
˺ϲĻϵŮӣʵʲô
࣬ࡣŮЦܸͨСӣϣע
飿ʲô˲⡣
Цⶼ֪ѽ˾֣Э˾һЩļȵȡ
Ŷһʾ⣬Ĳ⣬ΪʲôҪƺôƺ֪ӢӢôصӡʵңٻصϼȥϼҴţӡʵҷ˵ϣĸܣܵȡһ£Ϊ˻ĸȡ
εЦ࣬Щڸʲôⲻᱣܰɣ
գ۾Ц˵Щֻܻ˰ɣܣͼֽ
һܳƣʲô
ˣüԭǶѽô˵ء
һ죬ĸǺ磬һСŮǰ޵ݣΰ˭ǲء
һµٸӣͨѶ˾Զʱͨڣ̫֮Զϵϡ
۾һô˵ͨѶǣʱض֪Է߶Էʲôܵһ˵
ЦܷģصĲϣֻҪÿͨѶʱԺһϵ
ˣϲھϣǺܷ
ѽЩ߿ƼǾҪߣҶԸѧҸǡ
ε˵ûã˭Ҳƣ˵ʲôĪͷԣҪ˾ڣƢˣ˵˭Ҳǿˡ
СҸ˾ǵķǧҪ˾֪ǲ˾˷ʱ䣬˾ϼѽӾϼ˾ִС
߿ЦãŹˣӲҪ˵ӢϼǾǹˣϧ˵Ӣᡣ
಻ɫô£ѵʶ˾ϼ
ɫƤЦĻûӢûãӢϼãûðӢ˵Ӣûϼ˭أ취С
ֵɵˣȻ⣬ӢԼ֪ʶԣЩ֪Ե򣬰иҵû֪ʶ룬֪Щ˫̸ԯޣţͷ졣
ʵ񶮵úܶ࣬ʲô
ϲ⻰ʵĺãĵҽ£ܶ࣬ʲôң֤⡣
εЦôѽˣ꣬ôôࣿ
ȻǵȻȻôܵ˾飬أЩ˾дң֪ܶ࣬ûҡ
߽ǰʵ֪Ӣĺܶ࣬ʱǾȲѣϾһ˵ޣܶһоͲˣοӢЩ֪˼δš
Ӣʵ֪縮һжٸ򣿡
縮򣿡գ۾⣬ûⷽġ
ɫƤȵ㲻֪ô֪
ཾƱ϶˾Ҳ֪Ȼôûҡ
ҡͷǲܣûɲ֪϶ǲ㣬˾ܶ¶˵
գ۾ߡ
̲סЦһǴʲô⣬˵ɣܰ쵽ܾ
˵Ц̫ˣ˾ãһҪңѸղ˵Ľ縮ңҴ
Цû⣬ֲʲôܵĶҪ˵ܷʱ䣬һ˵꣬ÿ˵һ㡣
æããϵļʮͷͷϣһӾ֪ˣ鷳˵
򵥣Ȥˣ漴ҡͷЩҲãͷô֪࣬ǸҪʲô
еܶӳ
һ߹顣
Ȳܶӳڹͷϣ㡣
ܶӳܾԣ飬Ҫ˾ͬ⣬Υ
ʲô̬ȣֲʲôܹʲôӣҪˣҵļߣʱԸıڵĳ򡣡
ܶӳһ㲻£ΪܶӳΣıӰ˾Ĺ㲻˾ܶ֡
㡭ĻϻУУвϼһҪ֪
ܶӳΪļǱҸߣڲͬȨҡ
üͷܶӳᣬĸһģһ
͹˸ӢûϿɹ˵˵ܶӳƢһ˭Ƿǵġ
Ȱ˵ͲҪˣ࣬㲻Ƕָ㣬ԼЩͷ
ֹͣܶӳҹԺͱҡ
ܶӳںЦһصǰ
ˣͱˡȰ˵ܿɰġ
ָ¹˻˰Žͨ߰ĽͷеĸּѸд䡣
ۣԭˣö湦ϧҲˣҴ洢һЩϣԭġ
ɫ԰ףĪζӢҪ֪˭Ժ䣬ֻҪЩͷȫ֪ˣµǣӢȻƳܶ˵ļ䣬ֿԷӡĨȥһ˵ļȫȫӢ̫ˡ
ϲԽԭһ桭
죡ӢӰһңŭнضϼ䴫䣬ʼǱȥҾţ
˾Ҳˡŵȫ

ڰʮ Ʈƽ

ȵȡ˼æС
ͬʱӢϻ˿ϧ
ӢջƣЩڹ˼ϻ˿ϧҪͷѸϵͳָһй¶ȣ֪ʶй¶ڹԲϣΥ
һ仰ҷĺܲΪʲô˵˵Υⲻܹ
æһʱ䣬ලչӢ
ǣϹϾ
ӢһְԼӹؽУоλָ˼䣬Ȼо̲ù֪
һ߰һƤؿЦˣ˾ֲ
ɫƤЦڲ֪ѽ˹˭ղգڽҪͷջع漣ǰû֣Ҫɱˣɡ
˲ɵüͷһʲôܣȻô࣬ʵ˵Ϊʲô˵ݣʾһ¾ˡ
ĸڶ죬۾һתҲ֪˾ղָ˹룬˭Ҳ֪Ŭѧϰȥ벻֪ˡ
εε⻰ƭ˭֪ܲҿ
۸Щ߲߿Ƽһգ۵ˣ˾Ϊ˷й¶ܣָģǹѽ
ôһ˵߻İŰɡ
ҡͷˣ¾͵Ϊֹ˵ˣûã꣬ġ
ɫƤЦְķ˲ǣ꣬߶
۾һգڲռٶѽҿ̫ˣ縮ռôָ࣬˾ȥҽõԽϢͳһָӣ˾ͨѶǣһһУ¼򻹲ס
εЦ࣬ҲƤģôڲ˾ɱˣ
۾һתΪȻͲˣй¶Ļܣ˾ˣûվͿ˵ʲô
ϲ࣬˵õԽϢͨѶǼ磬Ҫ֪ϸ
Ϣܼѽѵ԰װڸʲôͨԸңٸ㣬Ҫʲôҿͬʱ´򡣡²ֵͨѶǾˣ˾оͼֽоƣУʱܳҪල磬Ҿ޷ƾʱ䣬Ҫϡ
˲ͨѶǣ̫ңԶˣϢȤЦ治ûԣԼƵֲС
ʲôǻһָǣһ߰ѵԲԱò˶þͽһϢ
ȫͬ⣬Ц죬ȥĹȵһٸ˹ǰƵԾͽˣָ㣬ҲƳɹ
Ӱһʧңŵƣ˵ĻʱָߣһƬæµȻ졣
ӢĨλָ˲ʱ˼ĬУҪĻͻƣ¡
۾Ͼø߿ƼֶλָҲ֧ĹڼĨۼһ£ǰȷʵûеȻĨָܻٻºۼֻûְˣҪָĨ䣬ҪҵĨۼ
Ӣõ֧ıκﶼԣûоԣӺۼ֣𲽻ָ
ӿЦѰ˵ĸ߿ƼҲʲôݵȵĪҪѸ߿ƼϣǶø߿Ƽ棬ǰֻ㶮ҽ취O죬ʱϣƣ˵ʵǼоָǱҪУĸһ󣬿ͻƣҺоϲˡ
ӢͷѸ߿ƼԺ뵽ôӻǲһµһҵԺоλָϣݷԼ
û⣬Ӽ߹֮ҾˣһֱŬϾΪˣӡһ;;ù˯ȥ̼ܵ˵Ҫ೤ʱָܻĨļڻ֪ӽ
һ;Ӣûģ²˾ģܿܰΨһˣİ磬ܿܰҲΨһľУܿܰ˯ȥį¶ˣɲǼ䣬һּį𣬻ɢһŨĹ¶Ϣ
ӳԾСжˣƺ˲ӢӢһֱ̬κԽȻκӢ֣ǱųϿ̬ûκ˽æܰٵʹ࣬һõӢϿɡ
֪ˣӢǲ˽˽ӽӢĿģϸȷʵŻ𶯼£ȴһΪߵŮͷӶǣӢһ˵Խܡ
Ƭ̺ʵӵϾܶ£Ҳܶನۣ˭ҲⲻˣҲкܶߣǲߣֻʱûˣҪ̫࣬ҿóǳã˵Ҫʲôģ㲻ڵʱ򣬹ԵúܼįЦݣǴ粽и㣬Сӡ
ӢϳֻɫϷ޻ʱһ˺ദ˴˹ģܰΪϴͷᷢܰϧЩܰˡ
пӢعֽͳƣԼҪһ£µ˼һ˳˼ϰˣϲһ˾˼
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ҡͷûУϾԭԺǿôΪѱء
۾һתҾͷˣˣʲô
ҡǸʵˣ˵ѣ˵֪θ˽͡
ЦǰҪΪˣĸˣһҪǰܣҾͲʣǵһΡ
Ӵһٽӿڣ¹Ϊѵ¡
ӢʧϾǾû취Ϣ
üƵһ㶼ѣôѧء
ʱ²ָѧϰԺƵԣףƲˣིϸ߾ͷԣһ̨ҲûƳʧзˣҲֻܷ˼ѧϰԲϡ
Ӣڽ˼Ƭ̣ʼǽͻȻһԪˣ̾зγҪһʱָֻܻеˣԪָƻ߳Ƴȥ
ŷֲԣԴʲôڶһüĹâһڶʮµŮۣüѩ׼˸⻪һɫȹһͷƯɫͷһɫ׹ӣɣһɫŮ
ȹŮë΢ĿӢһ΢Цκ촽΢ţ侲ûҵѡû
ŮͣϴһǿϢƷǿҲŮַϹ⣬ƲסҲӢһ㣬ӢٸǿϢʧܳ麧ϢŮǰΪϢ̫ǿˡ
Ӣû뵽ԼôһƯŮӣ뵽ܶ࣬һֱպÿڽͷϾͳұһǰŮĪϵʵڣ
Ůϳ˸УκҡΪĳԭ˴ˣʧĹͷ˳ȥ˺һֱڻУĳһ죬ʱַڱȺɢϢ֮нЩιȥҼʱûǡ
ӢȻ򣬵ʱģʵսΪʵⰲţҲˣνӡǰŮӵķѹַоʵǶˣ
ûУŮҡͷҲϲɱˣϲںڴȻУôɱǣʱҷƺ⣬ȷ˵ǳӡڣӡĽᾧ
Ӣһǵ÷˵ԵйϣĸܣôܳӡڣӡĽᾧ
Ůܴ͵ʱҵأָƣз㣬ΪţģǰԪ̥ǣǿаӡڣΪİȫüӡǸıɻǡ
ˣӢȷʵˣ֪Ϊİ磬ʣŮӻ
Ůӵ̥Ǻӡǿд򿪿ռ֮ţ磬˺أƸأֻýڻָƣ׼ȷ˵ڻԡ
Ӣʱ֪˵ʲôһֱΪһӡʵҵİţΪ˷ӡʵңЩһֱŬţͷӡʵҾڣȼգΪǰŮţĪܵ硣
漴Ӣ뵽ԼӡǾûиĸˣﻹһȫŮӵĻһŮ˵ѣҪɱǰŮ
Ůûע⵽ӢϸɫһֲһֱҪԵ޷㼸ν˵СĿһǧ飬ҵ͡
뵽ˣӢһʵϵΪɣ
ǵģЩʱҪˣᷳЩȻڶԿĺƽƻָȥҲٻ硣ŮɫĪϳֹ¶įϢӢ𶯣Ϣ
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˵ʲôӢʵ
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Ӣɫ䣬ŭǻźХüڽŰŮ¾һľ괺
һֱǻŭй쾡ºӢ侲ܶڲŻȻѹӡʵ⣬ܶܡ
ǴɣϾŮһ˵û֤
ŮӢ飬ΣҲģˣҲûãǵһʵƷܽѵɹǽʥӤ̾һ̶ȣӡǣǶûȻڻУӡЩֽţԶ
Ӣѹ˸е֪ϣҪʷڣģ÷ڵ˸ۡ
ŮӵһֱڻԣЩĶ֪˽ɻⲻģ磬ʵ磬㲻Ҫģʵսɱ֣ϣ㶪ǰѵ򣬴ѵӰ߳
ӢǺεˣܲ˵ĸԴСγɣҪıεȵѣӡʵҰԸѵЩ죬ˡ
ŮĪһ޶ƯƣͽƮƣӢһҪ㣬ΪҪʧһʱ䣬ģΣʱһǰһ㡣
ӢͷʵĨļλָ
ŮҡͷҰﲻ㣬ˣҪһ˸Ǿ֮ͣ޷ָĨ䣬ңֶΪҶø߿Ƽоġ
Ӣû˵
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ӢһܷڲоǶмңԼһɶˣܻɹҪϵ֪ͷҪǿ
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֪ӢܲףΪ棬㲻룬˻Ҫá
ҷų˺豸ͻصڣҪʲôҶֻ֪Ҫ֪ʱ㣬㱣أƮֻӶ䳷ϵ⣬Ӣüġ
Ӣüͷǰ֪֪һʱԼܲϰߣ

ڰʮ ֤

Ʈƽǣ漴ٴӡϰ˺͸ʵ豸üڽУʮһԲѣ豸Ѿѡ
Ӣڶʮҵʦޣ½̹ܹϽڣӡ˾ưٳӡί֣⼸Ӣǰ򽻵
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Ƭ̺ʮ˷׷ĺ˯һһİУûйھʵٲԱ󲿷ֶǾˣܹѵľ˱Ͼͬ
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˻һۣίºʵӢҼǵõը𶯣ڡô£
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Ӣɫһ䣬ֻӶһѹ˾ưٳϣưٴǿޱȵѹ±չȥ漴Ӣűߡ
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ڰʮ ѷ

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Ӣһ˼Щ˽ʵһ˸Уһ豸ɵУס豸Ƭ̳⣬豸Ѵ𣬵ӢֻǱϣڲ𻵲ô򵥻ָ
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ޡϽڣԭоҽǧԱûߣǱͨʵˣЩоǰûҲûڲԸ֡
ּԺ֪ʶӢٲ룬Ҷмңִ乤ʤΣҼΪ򵥡
ϽӢӢͨѶǣû죬ֻƣǶƣһҪʱ䣬ⲻҪоչܲǲ룿
ӢȻͬ⣬ͷԣͳһָǾͿˣй㣬ҪһͨҽоԱ㡣
Ͻϲû⣬֣ϼھרңרŸĽооʲô
Ӣ෭ϣϣԵоλָ䣬׼ˣ㸺֣ϼͻҽѧ
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Ź˵Ա߽ζĿţϲӢЩ޵һȤܺá

ڰʮ 

ʱ䣬Ӣʮ̨ԺʮͨѶͨѶƸ򵥣ΪƷϼǧԱмң˵˵ӢҪٽʾ֭Լ
ʱ˴Ĺŵ˵ЭֲȻڴȣƴӣϸֵӢ֡
Уưٳȶʮں磬˸кĪʵ棬棬ͼгһջȥڲӢꡣ
԰߳ӡ˾ưٳһаǰķʽϳ٣оѵû˸տʼ˸У෴ܸˣ׼֧ӷȥĸҵľܱ֧ϰ졣
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ڸΪоңһƷһ＼ԱУνƷΪо񣬲߹ʹ÷
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Ӣһ£оҶˣ֡ԴԴ˽оңϽںͳԱලżʮЭƣӢæЩΪҪơ

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ڻϻưٳֻøֵȳּƣûͨҶ뷨ЩϼһָӲǹӢ档

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ֹӺ칫ȺˣʣǧӪߴʧţλɢûκη·ȻԱ任λ͹λɢ޷оͱȫɱˡ
ݷ·ͻȻӰһֹӺ칫ǰסˣΪֹӺ칫ûܵأɢǰСֵĳǰʵ⡣
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·Ȼ͵ϮʧУɫڣŴ㣬һҪץסһAзΧչǽһֲѡ
ֹӼӢûӢֶķ飬æȷʵΪӢ·ô˵ɣȷʵ֪ʹ֪Ҳ˵ԸУӢУֲ̫ˡ
ðɣҳȫǣ൱ջһɢɵϱȲһ񣬽ܲʵɫâһҪɱ֡
ԼΣҺˡֹھŭ
ģˣֹӣҲ̫˰ɣӢìͷָңˣ⸱̬ȣˡǻԼιӵԶңң
ͻֹӺ칫ϲҲñʱɱ뷨ΪݳϢжϳкܶˣ뿴˭
ڴʱӢˣŸʮͯʮָͯԱᰵˣǸֵȶʮ򳬼֣ѾDE񣬸֣˱ڶʮ򳬼м䡣
ֹӶŻԼιӣԼΣ˰ɣһֱҲ˳ۣܺãģʹ죬ңΪʲôһҪ
ԼιЦֹӣʲôʲôʱխĴ󣬲ڻ㣬Ҫûλɢģҵ鷳
ֿ룬ӼʹҲģʧɡֹЦԼιʧ͸ˣȻ㲻ΪʲôҺȨһΪʲôһ˵
ԼιЦ㻹˼˵һûٱı·һӣᵼһڱȫ㣬ʹ㲻ӢƤ
ֹһ͵͵һӢǿǹ鷳ʲôʱʱˣߣҪˣ㻹⣬
죡߳ӢϾָ͵Ϯ
СӢûָӣָӣз˷ſӢǰ棬¾˵
һɵָӣС㣬֪Ԫ˧㲻ʸָӣʮʮŮȷʵָӲǡ
Сҡͷˣ˵ȷʵָӲǣǱ㷽Ҳһ֣˵ģһҪٽ𡣡
Ȼ򣬰Լͷˣû뵽˴
ֿЦ壬ĺôӢģСӣüβ߰ɣû¡
˭߳
˵ЦϹ㲻ѽһС
һɵ֡ˡ
˴ЦϹ˼һ۾ϳң㲻УһͷײˣʲôηԪ࣬Ƕˣ
ηЦǰǲˣҲǰȼᣬһҶȥǺǰλɢɣȥԸ
ȼйЦᣬҲηǰ˵
Цȫ
˴һæҪˣǿСδսɢɡû˵걻ȼк˹ץ˳ȥ
ϷͯСϹ˸ˤϷͯĿ࣬漴ֵָЦһ㲻Ϸͯд֡
ݺ͸кһϷͯɻ
䡭
·Ա͵ϮCӪмǧںըС
ŭ񣬻ֹͣ
ӢȥֹͣѸռDE
Сã٣ǳٶDEȥ
ԼιӲӢCôŹˣ
ίڻԼιӶ˵˼䣬ԼιӹЦεָԱȫ漴·Ա͵Ϯֹͣ
ÿĿԵDEΰɡ
壬أСӣʵ㣬DEӪѾɢˣǲȥǽգǺǡɫƤЦ
嵹һŵƾ񣿡
ͯҲˣ⵷ңֽе˲ˣȻӢ磬Ӣ磬ĸãԹᣬҲǣһ´蹷һи㶨
Ӣſǡ
ſǵɡ
Ӣûɡ
ûҷˣ㻹ʸ񡣡ЦӢ˶˵㲻ߣʵ֤ھߣ紫ʧʵ
Ӣǰͯһ֣ͯиԳһʼǱԣ򿪵Ժݺ͸ǰһ㶼ıץ

ھʮ Ǿ˧

ݺ͸̾ͯĵǰĶʲôӢ⣬λɢɻ󣬵˫ӢҪʲô
ͯӵָӲϵȷD
ãС˼ϵܵ˵ĻϳDΣͬʱԳ׵ӡ
׵ӵڽգDûˣDܸûУ֮ǰ˳֡
ʼǱд棬ǰɽա
֪ˣͯӺ˱ʼǱԣűû˵
λɢɣĿ࣬ݣ˵ţʵǰš̫ˡ
СˣãջظղŵĻʸҷˡݻֹˤڡ
ֹĸпĪ˻ַʽһμȷʵ߹ȥӢһЦҲûԸл
˫߻ȻӢָӣַʽ֤ɢҲвñջء㲻ʸ仰һˡ
ݳ֤ɣ
ͯӴ򿪵ԣʼǱʾһЩַͯӺԣͯᣬһӢߡ
ɫ䣬ջؽ⣬칫Ҳ˵ӢȥӰһ·ǰ棬ס죬Ϊ߳켸Σûء
߳壬ڸʲô
ˣս˽˳ϣԭ¡æ
壬Ҫ˵벻縮һɫΪɫ㾹ȻЦЩҹҹý㣬ɫģӰ쵽縮ҵ㡣
⡭ղɫˣҵɢɣջһ죬λɵϽŹ㣬ϣû´Σһƽ߰㣬ֵˣAƽϰɣҪ㡣
ৣӢȣ˹ȥ
ֹֻҪˣ˺ã˺á
ˣˣһߵЩֳ棿
ˣӢ˵߽Ȼ˳ȥ
嶢ȲмһˣϴųЦ˭Ҳס
ͯⰦ̾ңɱ̫ˣôûվǰɱأƽƽ
ĳɻкһӡ㣬ٴʱӢԺٶջȣһЦ
ϲмһɫˣԾâ˵ʲôʺλѪѪ޷ӿз

Ӣһ˳ȥʬˤȥͬʱʧˡ
X߹ԱǷC߻ȻϢ˭˵ӢǼ񣬷һ֡
ûϣӢղŵֶΣֵӣϾңһ֣ΪʲôϢΪȼ񡣡
ӢȻͣһߣǿԳˡ
ɼΣղʲô֣
ôһʸֵ˶ʱףǸղŻɻأ̲סЦӢҲ̫˰ɣ˸СֶξˣɢԵˡ
ʦ̾˵ʵ˼ұǸɢǰһͷӢ̹Ȼɢתġ
˲ǲ˵Сɱмֶ𣿡
ŮʿɱܾȳһʾȳһľǷ壬㲻ֶθɴ䣬˿ûˮɢɽ󣬲𣿡
⡭˴ĳûС
üʲô˼һ붷ɢɣǿǷˣ
ʦЦλǲһģҶλɢӢǰռ˿ˣ£Ҳң
ǻۣðգһģЦ˵Сһ
ĺһھƣЦЩɢǰʸ񣬳ҲûãɣӢʮ֤ͯ
ҲʮϹ£ͷãʮһˣֲ֣Ƕϲðգҿ˭еðա
ʮֱģôһ˵̤ʵˣð˭Ҳ֪Ȼðˡ
˹ЦˣûطȥҲûʲôܶɢɵֵñأˣô˵
ԥǵİţЩϼһӺ˹ҲûطȥǱܷ絲Ҳá
˫һΪҲٶ˵עǰ棬ȴŽ
Ӣûش⣬˵˸ҲɴٷϻͬʱƮƣҪɢɣƮϢ˵Ҫɢɲܣﲻ˶æΪ޷㹻ԪԳӢܾˡ
Ͼ㣬磬˵Ψһصߣҳ֣ңݲȳֵڣ׾ˣɱX߹ԱǷ壬Ǹˣ˲֪Ҫʲô𣿡
Ӣʧ
һŵͷã˵仰ҲģֵţǾóʵ֤Լ
Ӣͷſںлһ漴ӢϳֵɫϢŨɫΧǿ󣬻ɢƣ˫߷׷ھкˣһֱ˳ϢΧңңš
ݵͷ˻ø˺ͬʱʮͯŸûȴӢͱ־档

ھʮ սɢ

Ҫɢɣ漣
˫߱ʶбźХȴΪӢӢη۷ߣȻ߾ߣɢΣ߰ΪӢһ亹
벻˾ΪˣʵǲǰӣʧǱȻ˵ɢŨ⣬𽥽˰Χм䡣
Ӣ䶢űһԲǶ໰ˣʱ˵ɢǰûвɢͷųǿϢһԿԼĸоȫԸӦɢɡ
ƺӢٶ˵Ӣ׼ʱ䣬Ϊɢɣмһǰȳ֡
Ӣȫ߶칦ɫȼңµÿһߵġ
üͷ۾ڹâʢӢȤˡ
ʱ㵣̾ơúˣˣˣϵƭˣ壬ǲ˵Сﲻǲӣ
ͲεϵҺһԣʲôѵˣû˵ӢΪһĶ֡
ҡͷڲ㣬ǻϼһ˭ҲȲϣΪգûΪɳ֣˭֪Сﻹʲô䶨ˡ
Цûôţ˫֤ˣ㲻ˣѵŹ
һͻȻֽеˣˣôһģǵͷӣܲǶӮˣһ˵ˡ
һֱΪӢģΪţʱ̲סЦǰ㡭ǣôվŲ
ǽ͵˵ɣСӢҶԷȱ㣬Ӣڵȱȷγֲ¡
ϣɵǰ˵Ӯϣ̫ˡ
ûҿӢж֪ɢɣɢǰΪʵ
ˣЦСɰԭҲûգ̤ʵˣ˵ˣҪˣϸ
ûˣȸֶƱ仯˵ΣգĸţĵĿӢͱݣû˼˵ʲô
ʱһһȥˣ˭ûȷͷΪ˴ƽ־棬һӣһ˸ӢмȷΪ˴ƾ档
ӢˣӰƶд칦ޣӡȻǻ״Ǿǻӡһμӡ˲Ŵɽ򱦿ݡ
䡭
ʯӡӴ˺ڰеӢӰǿ˳ȥݻûһŽ׷˹ȥ
Ӣڵһб˳ȥ˫˭ûЦӴıըϢǾмңǿζʲôļΪӢɢӲѾ漣һûκƣʾӢΪһû˸¿
ӢһŭХͬʱϻ鹥ݣӡ򱦿ݣǿ
ߣݲмֽӡһסӢԪǿһΪӢܲߣкܶౣ
䡭
ȻӢڻչͬʱͷųٱǧٴααݳ˴޷Ӣ˫ȭ㱬Ĵķ飬ǲȼ
Ŷݷ⾪ɫ˲ĺΣɢɣִܳܣҲνȻһ̣ܲˣͻȻ䱦˴ʧӢ󣬺һĳ

Ӣ߷ˤ˳ȥͬʱһѪǰδеشһۻأɢŨɱ䶢űݡ
ɫѿϾȷʵֵأղţҲʧû֣㻹Ҫȥ𣿡
ӢĨȥѪһɱң
ջˣǰϧӢû֣û뵽Ӣ˵ôĻܺãܺã֣Ǿ͹ֲң׼ˡ
ӢûͣҲͣƮڣɱʱУȫԸ칦𽥳ִ졢µţѹÿһ˲ÿһ߲ڵϡ
ݲٿԪѸѭӿ󣬳Ϊɢ֮һͷųǿĺԪ
˫ĿתˣţѹһɽгϢ

ھʮ 

ÿһѹ¼ϢŵؿӢͱݣ˽ţһνȫԸԷ
ˡűݳѣӰƶ˸޷һǱͬʱк¡¡ĺƺƴ󣬺š
Х𡭡䡭ড
ֺХӢӿѸγӡ״ýţγһ󷨣ʹǿʮӢ˱۾վԭزӦḻõİ취Ծƶ
δ⿴ұˣݵ˷ӢȥǿнγɵУ죬ԱٶУǰغϮӢ
ӡӢ߳üɫâһӡԺٶȵǰغ󱳡
䡭䡭
Ӱ˸ӢͱݷֱֳԶ˲ػජŶԷӢؿݳ˻ɢûκˡ
ڶνӴӢңƸء
Χ˫ţ㼤ңǣΣ˵սľӢγˣ󷨰Ƿ˼
ʲô󷨣˾
һ˵ʲô󷨡ֿЦɫдž㵺⣬ڵǰδţǰδУһҡ
˿Цһ󣬲СȻÿÿϣ֪ж⣬ڴ
ǷţˣǿˣͣͣǲҪˡҪˡҺ¡
ǰΣû£ӢֳʵˣʮͯΣգʮ޶ԣģȻӢⲻˣӮһӢ
ʮͯϣ̤ʵ࣬æǿѽˡ
ʮͯ˭ҲûӦˣӢıʮҲӢԭӢʮ֮һûӡ
ϸʮͯʮͯ侲磬ǰֶ񶷱仯ɫ仯ͨСӲҪ˵£ӴѹˤȥˣĻȻ̾ˣˣôʮСӣѹ˵ʮСӣԭǹϵ
˭ҲûŵĶǰ档
۾ڴžȣͷһС㣬ղŷųдŰԵСһҾĵƣ˵˵Ϊʲô𡣡
Ӣûᣬʱȫٵ칦γɵӡƮָ㣬ȻˣԴĹΪԵֽһͰԵνĳƣƮưæĽƮϵĸ֣żй¶Ϣɢɾĺ
Ӣżָƣ졢¡ֳˣ۾ιâǷǰˣ̾ϢгһСɫһС𽣴źХɵϿգ漴һ죬ûСű
һӡС˲ӢӢʶΣգӰٶźХ󷨻ȫ
ûˣһס㣬һΨһһߣҲẓֳ́漴һҧ˫ֺǰһĽӡ֣Ӣǰشȥ
Ҫ˷˻žңȥס
䡭
ӡӢֹâ˸ûܿӢΣȻ˸ղűݵĻҲɢȫԸµĽ
۵ĹâУӢɨڶݵĽӡֻܻӢҪɱӢһɢɻûղϵ·ס˱ݵӡƮҲڰбȻûӡ
ӢİƮƣεǿ󣬱֪۵Ͳ˵ɵĻڷιϧ֪
סˣղȫԸ֣һôӡ²ղűըʾӡ
ڽʹıͷҽУȾ̼ù˲зӡּ֣Բʹǳ
Ӣŭʹҽ֪ô£ǻŭȼգ󷨹âһѸľ㵵ıݣٶȾˡ
ĳԾһԪ˸аΧȫӢٶ̫죬鹥ɢɵ޷
䡭
ڴ۹â죬ƺߣ˭Ҳ֪Σֻܵȵ۹âɢȥ

ھʮ Ѫ

۹âʧ߿ʱӢǱȥĿĿǰѣɫ԰ףڲˡ
ϻͯŮӰһӢӽˣѪɫʹȫ鶯һҽ˺ѷΡ
Ӣȶء֮ӣЩ޲ߵ˫סˣ˫Ѫɫţû°ɡ
˱ͷҡţҽеʹʹӢҡ
ӢһܾõĹâܿܰˣһֱҽ֣ܿܰ´̼ܿܰ粡֣Ź˵ʹĪԸܿܰһ벻οܿܰģҡ㡭
ҲҪɱɷ򡭡ܿܰͻȻӢļңʱļϡ
ӢıһҡվӰһϰգֺХ׷ϣʱȹ˸ʹ࣬ΪȲԼΨһˡ
οӢ㲻̫ʱҪ侲Ҫƣ侲Ψһľһ⣬ܲˡ
ӢŭԶЩܿܰҷĻ磬磬ǲϲӡҪǰƷʹࡣ
ѪĶڳÿһߵսľûһ߳ЦӢ޷ӢҪš
ƮƴϢӢȷܿܰԪܿܰڳ˯УȻ취ָӢ
ӢʱŭģĽȥӰһCĿ߳ȥҪɱߡ
̫ˣ㣬Զ̫ƽɢɸľӰһӢӢʱƣֿ˸
ͬʱϻϷͯ˳ȥһֱලŸͱݣԤ֣ʮͯΪûָһǸϵĶ֣
ʲôɢɣû˼𡣡ӰһҪȥ漴ֵָ޶ԣŭվŸʲôڿȰ˵룬ΣǸˣֹСͦɰģ
ֿЦûӢ˵ΪӢ˵ߣعͷ
һͷ漴ȣ˫ͯȻѸ˳ȥӲס˫ͯһ˳ȥ˫ͯҲ׷ңӢߣӢмɱ֣Ϲ߷׷ײҽУûһ߸ҳֵֿв֣ӢһʼѡܣƬ̺˸һɶ˵УʣһݣһֱţûٹӢҲûܵ˼
˾̾ѹǡԭ֪ˣñϵ㱾ԼܣʮֿСӣд˸ڣһʲô
ں¡¡ĺӢԪݽߣһյ£ŷܹˣ漴еԴڷΣҡҡͷܿܰȥ˫ֻͯ飬һƳӢ£˲佫Ӣƶܿܰߡ
ܿܰܿܰ
ˮͳ˵ܿܰߣС
ǱӢսɢʮʮŮһ׷ûDE£ѽ񽻸٣Լۿսɢɵľ漣
Ӣ֪а취ȾܿܰãһҪȡסӢִУۿܿܰʹ࣬ĺܣʱӢӢܾܿܰ
Ӣû߳ȥʹ࣬ҩ˯ȥ仰ƺ˵ĻľӢо
ҩͯСһ죬ܿܰͷܿܰͷ˫ֻ£˯ȥüͷȻƺʹࡣ
Ӣ˫֣ӤܿܰһΣ۷ڣϻͯŮӴóһһһɫӳӢǰϻͯŮӢȥ
߰ɣӢ³֡
ȵȡɢɱݳ
Ӣйâһűݣˣ͵Ϊֹʮͯʱ㣬ùϣҪȻߣ߶
ҡͷˣͬʱCDEܳɹȥپҲûã˭Ҳû뵽ߵʮСɢɡ
ʮͯʮӵ߷ľûٸˣ෴ʹ࣬ҶˣȻǺӢ߲һ
ݵ漣׼ȷ˵һɱǣҲ˵Ψһҿߣ̹˵ļΪ㣬ǶиùԺʱٴζ񶷡
ͯʲô˼вӢ磿˰ɣӮӢҲˣ´μ治ӢĶ֣Ҫ˵̫硣
ûᰫͯľAֵ췭ظ縮ûϣһսߣ䶯磬Խ縮һشAΪ縮صζԾڴˣǣӰһʧǰ
ͯвѣӢҪģ縮ôˣûʲô˲һɱһһ˫ɱһ˫
ˮӢѡ
Ӣιȥˣ°ɣ龪С
ӢȷʵιȥˣƮιȥԷ״̬ӢʧȥԣƮԳ־ͲҪӰӢ˼Ϊأ˵ӢɢС˼ΪʲôֻƮԼ
ҩͯӢ״Ƭ̺û£ϾԪݽߵ»ԣϢͺˣȻȥɡ
ϻͯŮСһ̧ӷӢܿܰȥߴ̬˭Ҳû˵Ӣǣÿһߵġ

ھʮ 

Ӣڻлûص򣬴սɢɵϢ졢Ըַʽ紫Ѫߵսľ
ʮͯӢоңʮ򳬼ָ룬ʵ͸ܵ˽Ӣû취ֻĿš
۵ĿӢܿܰӢСɳͰӢԼĶӣܿܰദ꣬ͬܿܰΪŮһԶŮǰֵּģһ취ӢƢǲãʵԴû⡭
ֳ½ڲҪ˵Ӣû£ϷһֱƶӢ̤Ե·ڹؼʱ޶ԡ˫һ̧Ӣġ
ֽͯеӢˣһ˸УӢġ
漴ʮ߷׷׷ԪӢһսӢӮôҵغϿɣЩϹշˡ
ˮһʮϹÿһ꣬ӢܵõʮΪһӴ֣ǰľƣÿϹҲڰ꣬൱ǧΪһγǧΪ
ŵˮӢܿܰ°ɣ
ˮϳ˸УӢ£ܿܰҲ֪ҪӢһֱŬָܿܰ뵽ָܿܰ޷ԷһУ˵ȥˡ
ʮʮŮһӢΪʲôܿܰôãҲܿܰӢ֮临ӵĹϵĲڻȻΪðѹӢǿǣȻӢһĬĬųʹ࣬ϸ
ֹЦԼιӣվŸʲôƽʱǻóѽƽʱ˵ͷͷǵôڹؼʱˡ
ԼιûֹӣҡͷΪΪﲻæָ䡭
ߣΪܴҲˣֹЦ
ᰱӢжˣʵˮˣʲôʱʧȥ˼䣿
ˮſڣҡͷҲ˵
ʱǻûһСǡҲԣڴ۸ǣӢһ·֮»ڴ壬Ǵ˴ӿˡ˵﷢˵ҡͷ˵ʲô˵ǡǡ
ᰶЩףǼյѹӢˣǷӢ˵Ĳ̫ˣ˵ļĨ֪¶˳ֹǸˡ
׵ӰȻӢûøУӦã縮ЩһҿͷǻDEߣ󡣡
ƹһֵᵽ£Ĳ⣬ӢΪʲôCһղ𣬻ԼιӣǾʦӦܲ²⵽ɡ
Լιӵͷ֪ӢCͰ׿
ֹЦΪȻ˰ɣµĵ̽ˣ㲻̫ǣǿҲɲҪðС
ƹͽüԼΣҲ֧㣬ӢCˣ޷⣬룬Ӣ⡣
ԼιҲͣڽͲʱ΢Цʵ֤û²Ͱ׿ڽCҪ˶þͽɡ
һɵŻԼιӵжϣΪҪ˶ʱ͵õϢԼιûҪһٺ˵˵
õıϴ˸еӢһֱܰԵʵǴˣİԵһ⣬ģڻлŹҺܸж
罿Ϊڶ˽ʹ࣬һսǣǶиȫʶӣֵǸš
漷ƵҲףôǰΪʲôһţƴӣΪ˽ӢֻΪǣսɢɵӢţ磬Զˡ
⻰ŮҪû˵ٲʵǰǾûӢԶԶ
ʱһһȥˣʮֵԪӢٱеƮգƮƵõЩԪЭסƮϢϢͨӢ۾Ըֵ˵ͷȻŻеܿܰʹϧҲм˸еΡ
ʮ߷׷ջԪӢûǴΪɣ˲һֱĹ֣ڳˣӢһŹ뿪
ӢŻеܿܰļΪʹ࣬һֱܾΪܿܰȻڳʾȴʱ޲ߣûκܿܰϷ޻ŵʱȻû˵չܿܰǣΪֳԴеչܿܰΡ
䣬ϣ;вǶҲɣһʧȥɣûʬ⣬ܿܰӢľУһʵƽûõͥůܿܰϷ޸ůϷѾˣڣ־壬һʧȥ֪ܿܰҲʱһ˶ûУ޵ļįȹ
ʧȥܿܰ񺮹һŸֵȸ֡

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ֳӢνܽǧΪҿƲûָǧΪԶԶȻָȥ»һ
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Ӣܿܰǣվˮڽ縮ṥúADEƹӣѵ鱨ԱҪʱ˵߰ɡ
ˮû⣬ǻصٺ͸ĸϣӢ֪㵣ܿܰżûãԺõ취
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չҵ٣ʵȴ壬ȷʵӢܶ޷ƣòֹͣ
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ʱҴҶչģ˵߷壬Ӫͨ߷չʮڣģ˵ܴЧADE
縮Ӣ뿪ʮͣɽ縮ڲֳ綫谶Ϊ˧綫谶Ϊӽڣ˲õĸ֣вЭɢɾͲʮλӪߴŽʮڡ
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ӢҡͷΪҪȱУ²ᣬͨѶѾƳɹھУֻưٳҲ˵Ű졣
ˮѲ˵ҲΣͷðɣӢݵõϢ縮ӱԭļ˵кü˲ĳ֣˵ʵչڣ½縮ɢȷʵͷʹϴθһڱûˣ
ʦͷˮ˹ǵĶԣӢɢʵһأǲſԶԿɢɣǾҪжɢɣҵЩɢɲһжҴӼλǲһɢʵֿɢɡ
ǵ⡣ӢһЩ˾һʲôΪܿܰܿܰһȫùЩһ۰ƹӣʱȥˣ鱨Աѵ˶٣
ƹϲɫЦ꣬һھͿʹá
Ӣͷܺã鱨Աȫųȥ£˿ˡ
һԭΪ鱨ԱųȥΪ˸鱨ڿǣӢôܣΣֻ˳ҡ
ƹӺãܱõȻˣЦӢн˵
Ӣһµ鱨ǰ粻ӣʵҪǶǣţ鱨ڿʼΪ߻ܣĳЩ鱨򼸸֪˶ܣ˭Υ涨ֱӸɱ
ƹһ⣬ΪʲôҪ
Ӣ鱨ǵ۾䣬رҪڸı䣬鱨Ҫжݣжʧ鱨ֱӵ²شۡ
֪ʵƹпģϵӦ
Ӣ֪ͺãԱɷָӣ綼Ŀ޷ͣ߰ļһŸոճԭڽ縮ڱǿȷ縮ߣвʲôܶС
ƹӵһʶ鱨ܵҪҪ鱨ȷʵ̫֪Ĺû˸ҷӢΣչͷ㣬صˣҲ֪ô
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ƹϲ̫ˣȷʵϲԱƼһûҾͲף˵Щܹѵưٳھ±ֳ˲ܣûĸΪΪ߶𡣡
ӢȻй¶ҪҵO죬ʱϣƣԼרоĨôָĸ֣鱨ԱõϢ㱨ҡ
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ӢһͨѶǶƳˣͨѶʲôעɢɣֻҪû縮ޣȡĶ󣬵õϢתңһȡ򡣡
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Ӣ鱨ԱһʱƴͨѶ㣬ȥŰɣɽκ˷
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Űƹһ£鱨ԱһŴ磬縮Ҫ򣬳һööʱը
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XĳһϣӢͯӵӰ
ݹǶ߼ľƵ꣬Ŀ˲Ǹ͹󣬰ѵ߳ܲϰץס˿˵ܶ໨߸Ըƣö֮ݹƵ
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ߵӢһ̴̵СӣҼү˵ˣ㲻˸ţĸСǹˣİٸҡһСӶϡ
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Ž̲ģֹ̣ͱūһΪūʧȥһУƾʹʹɱ縮ΪǺġ
ˣūӦ˶ǣȨƵĿ߱ū׬ǮЩ߰׽߱ū
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ĸŮסˣκӼлع񣬷ӢͯѾˣĸŮлĻᶼûС
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Ӣ̤ͯ죬꣬ȻӢûȥɱһӸȲһֻϻҪ򵥣Ҫ˵ˣǽ縮Ӣϡ

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ŮӲĽܵҽΤ˼ĸףллǣҸףȫһлġ
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Τ˼֪ӢижмǸˣΪ˾ҸףĸŮܶˣ˭ûǡ
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һûߵȤӢ𶯣Ҫĸ֣γһָĸ֡
ЦĵĸŵԤ֪ʵ֤Ԥ֪׼ȷ뿴һ֪ߣ㻹ʲôҪأҶ˵Ů֪˵--衣
߷׷Ħȭƣ׼˹飬ô࣬ҵ趯ѵͷȴ󺺿ƣֻң۾Ứ˸˼ֶˡ

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ǻۣȻͰĸԣǵ棬У縮һֱȡ룬ܾˡ
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˵ߵθڣſ۵ͼʮңףԸұ˹顣
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ǣϻͯͨԺͨѶ򷢳Ϣ
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ֻǲоûƣõĽ֣˵Ӣ;뿪Ӣ縮Źͷ֪ô㰲Űɡ
Ӣ̸֮ȫɣһ˶һҲһϣûĵ£ǰûϣǻһС˼ȥ߽
漸߰Χŭ죬ˣŭɶҪɱӢ𣬲֪ɱӵǴϾټĶڣᣬɢɶòӢϼ
ӢųӲͷƤϾͶһ·ԣ縮ԣû³
㣬Ӱ쵽ʿִҲˣִߺɢòɷǣ´ִ⼸ʲôΪԼġ
Ӣ쿴ۣΪ߿ӲĸԸıѣûսӣųˣңߵŮ
ϣ񡣡˹ˣҪ֣ô֪˴Ҳ֪ӢͶֻһ·üִȥһ֣ȥи
ǣ֪߻ӦܵͣӲͷƤȥ
ӢӰͻȻ䶯ˣ˿ʱ죬ӣ䲻±ӢУҲûҪӳȥڵӢɵսɢɵʱΪҲǰ״֪Ӣһͨˡ
ִ߳ûأ׷һֹͣɺǿֻҪܱסСɲûʲô
˵Ӣ²죬ȵʺ
ŵĻɢɷһش𲻺ãɵ£ҲأɷǰûУɴܳæܹܣ
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ġдĺһܹΪ֪׹̣Ϊūӽȡؿָۣʾ취򸮲񴦽ɴң벻ָʾ췴
쵣ĵûӢһжϣȺʺЦԪӤڸ֣ȻûκηʶбûԪͨɱˡ
Ӣ৵ĴǰȥִԶÿһǺ¡ػͳ棬ū߽Ӣ档
Ӣҡˣûһ߳ӦõõϢˣûκζûκ顣

һ ӡ

ߺƺƵǣƬ̺׷Ͼǽ縮ͷطȫԸ׽ãץͣǣǵִ߶ˣƺƴȻûһִӢʧķ׷
뿪ǲʮӢüͷֹͣǰͷߣҪȥôܸôˣϰ߸źܶˡ
Ϸơ૰ݼϾһһŮ鱨Աûл
ӢֵǰЩǣһж
ϷҡҡͷϱʧȥϵߵķݣһµϾרµӡǣߵһū
Ӣһ֪ô£ͷˣ飬ܽ⿪𣿡
ͯŮūӡڱǼΧֺɫ״΢עܿӡǿһַͬҪӡҪַֻ֪ˡ
Ӣϸ۲ϷƺૣȻкɫӡҺܳǹɶ״ūĵ׼ݣ磬Ϊߣ˵ޣбҪûȥȡ
һط˵ӢΪ鱨ԱҲΪˣϾ鱨ԱܿܰĹ¶ݡ
ϻͯŮһס˲ʧƬ̺ھ븮ǰһɽУýƣɢɣ뷢˽ơ
ߵ˴ʱŷģ̤ʵˣҲմϷơ૵Ĺ⣬ûߣӢˣӢĸֻҪмŵ߶˵ҲеңϾӢǰǴǽ縮ͷͨͬǷˣֻūķݡ
ӢϸϷơӺɫϿʲôѧϰйͷûūӡصģЩֹ߲һᵽĶȫˣǺ˵˵ͲŰûһūӡ
κνӢ裬ûʲô֪֪һ˵ǻģǻˡ
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ͯŮһֱڹ۲Ϸơϵӡ֪ʶԨŹ㲩۲Ƭ̺أͷǵ֪˵Ĳַӡַܼ򵥣·ӡһ۷ѡ
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ϷƵϾūӡˣҪܿǼǵˣͲ±ץǻԼԼϱϵЩѡ
ӢܿϵˣѾ֪ǳ£̵ʱϵǣǵҵطһߣǣ׳£۾Ҫ
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Τ˼ɵϾǡ֪Xܺãûȼûūܲܰ£º󣬸ǲŹǣǡ
ӢԵúܲͣЩƺˣɵüͷ˵ʲôóڡ
һϾ㲻ԣи⡣
Ӣ͵Ļ˻֡
Τ˼æλ㣬аţ𣿡ܴһӢҪˣȻӢôΪ˴ء
Ц̸ϰţֻ룬Ҹط仧ŽֻҪСĽһ㣬򸮶Ҳû취
Τ˼һǲȥX
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߶ȥXֻеXŰȫӢܣȥҲȥɣͬҲͬ⡣
Ϸƴ̼λԴǣѵҲԺ𽥷չԽԽҵݺЩһ
⻰ˣĸ򸮣׼ȷ˵Ǻ޽縮ûн縮ں֧֣򸮲ô縮̫ˣ縮Ծ
ưλȰҸط͵͵ʱǲҷԶһҪһûκˣͰū̫ˡ
Τ˼Ҳ׳־ͷλ˵Ĳ⣬Ǹʲôأ
һɣˣ¶ǹ¶ϾǣĿǰǧ¶ˣ縮ܹ¶ԼȣûУʱ˵ܶݣй¶ȴɳΪ֮ţǾǵ
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ͯŮûԣָıƣƬ̼ɣӢѾȵļΪͣվһ裬߰ɡ
ͷİš
ϻͯŮСһӣʧڽУϷƺӢʧıӰЩô˵˹ӢǵĵڶˣӢǣ治ᣬͲԥǡ

һ ɽׯ

ɽׯڸǷΧڣ븮ǲԶǸƳɽׯׯʮܸƣʮÿһƾʷиƣʵۺܸΪˣй˲ܡ
Ƶθ꣬ƾŹܿʮмߵΪڴڣҪȽڣΪˣٵߣ׼Ƚٳɡ
ӢγһҪҵľǸƣΪңֻҪɽׯҵƣOǽ縮ڲԱҪҪ縮Ȼͽ縮񶷣һҵʱĴΣ޶һѣ룬֮ˣһҾš
ɽׯʹ͢ʽΧ֣ڲ߹ӴȺ㣬мǸƴճط
ɽׯ߽߱㣬˭һߵĸأƽʱܵʽǸۡ
Ӣ⣬סָʲôǿֱӽȥǵȴҪˣҪҪ˵ӣӲ֣˵һ衣
ҡͷвʲôкΪȥ
Ӣû˵˾еñʧǻ۹ˣΪʱ׽һЩϣ
Ӣ󲽿֣ϻͯŮһִ˽ȥ
ǰһ㳡ɽׯϿƮ⣬Ӣһ֣һ˰̶ֹϷӵķʽǶɽׯǻģⷽʽֻϿա
㳡ܶڻģԵúУŮ̸˵ûаֵܴ߲࣬Ҳʮܸ
˴֡һ㳡ϵ߷׷ӢǰһڣղŻģ򣬲ɽׯӡ
˭ʲôΪʲôͬⴳ֣ʵһСŮСܴ󣬳ĺܿɰ̬Ȳɰˡ
ӢӢ
㳡ϵ߷Ȼ֪Ӣ˭ɽׯ綯ָƣ֪ܲӢ˭
СŮգŴ۾Ͼ˵µһӣɱ˲գۣǲѽɱˣɱ˭
СŮûɱ˷ϣǺӢҪɱ˭ǸĽС㡣
ӢСŮӣȥ㳡ֵҷ׷ףɽׯӦ֪ˣû棬ǿˣӢߣʲô̬ȶҪҪҵˡ
ȵȡСŮСһǰ棬˫ִǲʦ֪ʦҴȥ
㳡߿ЦãһæСӣҪңׯڱչУܱš
СŮô죬Ͼɢɶ£ʦ˭ϾĶ֣
һ
СŮЦ԰ҴϾȥʦΪ˴ңϾҴȥ˵ڷȥ
Ӣκ˳ȥ˴ȥҸƣòˣ˭ȥⲢҪ˭һ
СӣúׯһӰСӱڻڹ㳡ϣһŮԡ
СЩʧ񿴲һսƱĸףҵĴңҪϾȥʦ
ŮûСӣӢһʵϾˣɽׯ֪Ϊʲôֱ˵
ҸƣӢżɽˮŮܳ棬֤ɽׯҪӦ
Ӣ²ˣŮǸƵһӣСӵĸ׷ᰳtݴׯְɽׯղӵӢϢһӢǽ縮ͷͨմӢζܵ縮ۿڳҪҪӼû뵽СţֻӲͷƤ档
ׯʲô𣿡ᰳtʵ
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ᰳtһµϾׯڱչׯʱҴʲô¾˵Ҿ㡣
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ᰳtһ˼ô˵ǵׯҸׯڲܼͣϵʽׯغһ
ӢҪңɽׯãھȥҸƣȡӢĽ˴Ҳǿˡ
ᰳtȷʵԵ⣬еӢԲԴнСģɷҵɱ˽ڣǴˣʧʱ˵ӢȻɽׯһѣͷãɽׯпˣϾҵң룬ȵһȥׯ
ӢͷڷᰳtǰׯȥʱܽؼҪƣĶҪ

һһʮ Ƚٳŵ

ĸڵȵȣǸƵĵӣһӣᰳtСһӣӿƽɷ򸾣ƵӸСӷᰳtأΪ侲ǣʱׯְλ
ᰳtӢվӢеɷҲ棬ʵҲûӢɷˣ෴Ӣ
һЦӭӭϾڼˣˣ첻ӦýׯдɱŶԡ
ᰳtæʦ֣Ͼǹͣ㲻Ҫ˵Ͼ
Ӣͷ漴ͯ£ʦ˼һСһˣ˫γ档
ʦЦϾ㲻ҪЩһ˵˵ҿ㲻𡭡
ʦ֣ᰳt
ʦֺٺЦʦãʲô½ϾѾɽׯ㻹½縮Ѿ˵ˣ˵ˣϾɽׯʦҸ˺ѵҲдǵĿˣе˧ŮƯСֵø̸̸𣿡
˵ᰳtʲô˵ģͷʦ˵Ķԣȷʵ˵ˣϾ˼Ҷʦֱڿ죬ʦ˵ûϾǽ縮ͷͨ˭ӴȻ縮ɣʵϣϾҪȥ
ӢЩŹ֣縮ֲǵһ鷳ͨûʲôͷͨôˣܿܰҪ
ʦֿƿϳɣ˼λӦɡ
΢΢һЦͷҡ
ʦֹЦѹôƯϴһȷʵʣû˵Ů֪ɽϢ벻Ͼ˳
һɵϾղŴָ˳
⻰ʲô˼ϸʦúԾ裬ĶԽ縮ΪȻô˵ܰū
СܵߣСҲϲƯЦƯܴܲҳȥ棬ɽׯ˭Ըҳȥˡ
һӢû˵ڲǰӢûŬԴϾūǷӢġ
СӺܴæӢȥֳˣӢɢɱ£СϾҳȥòã
ӢһСŮǲܣкܶҪСʲô
ᰳtæСӣҪ֡
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һҪ룿û⣬ϷİãǣϷʮܸһȥXʮǣڣʮ󲻻Ӧ
ӢһۿƵʵͼ㲻뿪ɽׯ
뿪һ
ϻͯŮóһʼǱԷϣܵ϶棬ԿҪӵ֣ͨʼǱԾ
ʼǱԣ
ƺüͷǸױʼǱʲôôɽоҲĪ֪ԡ
ӢܵƵһͨʼǱԷ̸ϻͨоң˵
ǣϻͨоңĻԳоҾ˵ӱʼǱд˳
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Ӣӣɽׯ֪ô˵
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˰εӣʧ˶꣬ԭXϾ֣Ϊǰͣߵʦţ
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Ӣ֪ΪȽ׼ʱЭ㡣
ǸƸղžܾԭ򣬳ɵЭң
ӢԥղȽٹвɷ
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ѧϰʼǱԼ򵥲ɣоôӢ
ãѧѧϣǺѣȤˣȤӣСӣ裬ȤܺЦĳ棬һʮ겻СָֻţѧʦΡ

һһʮһ ʮ

ׯʮ
ı˸Ƶ˵ѧϰ
üͷͨϢǽɡ
ǣ
Ƭ̺ŮннʮʮͬʱӢӢȴʮûȤÿһۣǴˣ֪ܲʮʱζʲô
ܸʮȭ
ƹЦ겻ģãһλͣӦϢܾͲˣ
ʮΪ硢ꡢס硢ѩ˪ơľ
ĻӣۣԶһŻżɽܸˡֱԣҽΪģΪλˣѾѣ¹ش֣ؿǡ
ƹЦǻֱ˵ɴ࣬ѾϾΪѣֹҵİɣ˵˵ɡ
ƸǸƯŮԣܸʮ죬㣬֪ǹʮûУʮͬʱɽׯܸѾ뵽ԭ򣬲ͬʱӵ򸮵ţᵽϾܸ
˵ܸ򸮵˼ҪϾޣȻʮΪ縮УߴʮְΧɽׯִߺƺƵʮΧලƺܸǷЭܾʮˡֱӣϲĨǣֱ˵ǰ
ɫһİΧɽׯ
ܸȻʮʱˡ
ѩ֪Ҫˣæܸ׼ҪôҪôЭѡһʮǶ򸮣򸮺ǽ縮Ľ顣
ƵɫŻϷһм縮ҲΥ縮Щ涨˫棬ϾսɽׯϷѣô縮ҽѶҪܣ̫Щ߷ˡ
׸ͷܸ˵Ĳ縮ȷʵ̫Եˣһֱͣ˫ףοԱ⣬ѡһ·Ǹؿ顣
⻰ҶףӢ³òҲʮȫӢڶ̶ʱX󲿷߽ʮ󲢲ѣѡ縮ԣ˵ˣ縮̬Ⱥȷκһ߱ѡ
ľܾӣһ˼ʵأ
λŮԣƺ£ԵΪѣɵʮ󹲽ˣҲ˵Ǿɣžˡ
ǸֵĺӣҪһԾʵһĽиöӣʮXĺңǶԿ縮ʲôԪ˧磬縮˲ӣ˺ѳͷҪгɾͣ尾ǧ룬ٶ꣬ɾ;ԲЩϼһ
һֱ޶ԵӢһѻñ϶Կ縮ĵ·õҲûҪ˽⡣
һĺл˵Ǿʮˣܸϸ̹˵ҶԽ縮ûøУҪѣҪԼʵΪе롣
һ˼ЦҽһλˣϾߵλŮ֪Ӧ˵û
ʮȵĴĳЩ²⣬ѵ֪ӢǽףŸߣ
չһЦλá
ЦǲĽ飬֪һֱԸԤ֪¹ʮˣϣϷġ
ЩΪѵǰνŮ֪紫ţʵֻǾµóһЩƲ⣬ûִ֪ǰͲҪΪˡ
Ц˭֪Ů֪ͲҪˣƲɣԵǰƲ⡣
һµðɣҾ̸̸ǰľƣ縮ףڲڸܣ磬XˮƣϿȲȷ縮ǿXϻڿƣʵж˭Ҳ֪ٶжϣ׼˺ܶ꣬ûһղԼ
׸üͷ˰ôû˼ܲ˵һЩͲˣ֪ˮƵXǰˡ
ЦѾ˵ĺˣXǰΣͿϾ̬ȣʵܼ򵥣ؼԼˣ
ҡŴԴҲûףͲҪգֱ˵罫˭ô򵥣
΢΢һЦٶ˵Ѿ˵ĺˣЩ鱾˵һб仯ˣʲôˡ
ƹЦȻǻ۹ˣȻϷ׹˼ϾΣһӦ˵ˡ
ӢûЩ˵չգԥҪôҪô򸮡
ʮһôӢ⣬Ȼɴ๻ϣŻмֿŶȣò
ƹЦλѾˣܹ˽縮ռ򸮣˭Ը⣬˳ȥü
ܸˣʮʲô˵ģټģɵĻʮӢδףȻӢʲô϶֪δı仯
һڣõѡ治ԸԼĶվڵжϡ

һһʮ 췴

ʮͳһȻѡ˶Կ縮Ǿû·ҲΪհǰ˺ʮʵƸǲѣؼԺԿ縮ǿѹ
ƹЦλҪ̫࣬ͷˣûʲô˵ģǰϾлʮ𽥻иվ縮ѹեߣ뷴߱ȱȽǣϾǵߣȼգй縮ܵģʱ縮˲ǣѩʮ侲ȫܵ߻ɡ
ѩʲãͷȻѾǾûƣ硢ס硢λǿռ츮ǣꡢ˪ƣң˿򣬺ľλЭסߡ
ưû⣬ûˣССһҪ²ѣҽøǺѸռǾһʵ縮һ޲ߡ
ҡͷһ̯ӹ㣬һǳȥ硢ס硢λѸȥǣ⼸ʮִ߽ǣȵӦѾȫ֡
ƸܸǿƸУжʧǱΪԺǣϾܲܺXˣȻȽԶҪʱи
ƹЦ˵ˣϾƸĻˣ˶ǶкôΪأ
ӢXˮ߸ˣڿԺϵ
һ˵ӢX£Ȼ˭XûӢ类縮ˣӢʵϵĻˣЦҲãոѧʹñʼǱʲôģʮʶһ¡ô˵ƽоϵϣҪ칫ϵ֪ϵ
򿪱ʼǱԣӰ칫ġ
һǡôûף
ǣͨˣܱʼǱԶӦûøƵ󺰣û뵽·
СϲԽҺϲŶ/
Ļ˸ˮӣЦӢոմо֪ɽׯû뵽ϵҡ
˹ЦӢ̫ˡ
ӢҪ췴̸ɡ
ˮһЦãӢû췴ƵģƵҲʲô޹˵ȷʵ췴⻰һ췴ͷӣ縮ͷͨ˵Щֵֹġ
ǱߴЦƺܿģӢĬЦҶƤʹˣ
ˮЦӭǰ췴Уǰ˵ʲôҾƴǣX֧ǰ췴ΰ׳١
ҡͷ̾ҪǰҵǰϷЩ˴ˣˮˣʵҴʮ췴ϾɽׯϷ򲻵òô򵥡
ǰ˵Цˡˮε΢Ц̲סЦ벻һܸҲεʱﵽǰӢʮϵøʵ췴Ҳ֪ûôõ£ӢϸΪܿܰϵӢȥҡ
ƹЦ˵ЩˣҪ췴ʲôԭҪˮˣȻǶ췴Ӧ췴ˣиӦ췴мңָһʮ󡣡
ˮȷʵ췴Уһ˼ǰʮʵۺ񣬼Ȼ䷢˾ռȻȿƸǣס򸮣ڶȡΣξ֧֣һҽXĹʽһݣǿԲοʵ㣬ûôһŹæ
ЦʱҪȿƸ˵ʮСЩʵ
ǰ˵Ͱǰ˵İ죬췴ˣʲôҪǰÿˮ˵ĺܿȴʧܰһŴȥʮһʵ
ˮľʧȥʮЦǰ˵мУϣʮлǵϢǰҪ֪ϢʲôģһЧ/
ˮ˵˼ǲᶯǵˣҲûгưԵ˼ΪһҪʱûùɣǻ򽻸
ˮжˣһ˼ʮȻĳưԣǲˣʮΪú£ַ縮ʱڽ֣ⶨԺǰˣʮˣæǷģҿʮʱҪǰ˵ĲǾԺɡ
һЦ£ʵǻˣǲҲȡϵ
ˮʮϹϵҾʱûҪǿӲ̨縮ڲʵȨйϵXͻһĿǰΪ˶Կ縮òˣԺʲô˭Ҳ˵ʮңԶϣҲʵʮ󡣡
Цˮ˶ȻСС;ḻãģȡϵXɹӰ췴ˣ
˫̸죬ˣʮȷ̬ưԣǲѷ縮ԺкûʮȻһ縮
ɽׯʮִ߰ΧʱҲλǰıʱ䣬ټĻˮʧ
ƺʮĲζִ߰Χɽׯûʱ䣬ԶXˮȴһֻһԭǾXߣලһһͬĵҲмලԱѹXڼ̵ʱ˾ơ
̾汻ЩСӴˣжɣסƺ󣬾ÿԵĻѻҪͽȥղ
ǣʮһʧڿڡ

һһʮ Ҷ

ʮٶȿ˸ǣв࣬ƻûжʧ¿ƣʮƸǿ˵׾١
ƸǺʮˮṩչĸռ򣬲죬縮˸ֲû뵽ʮ췴
ʮ췴Ӱ켫ζһЩƾʷ˷·Щ縮һӦ𽥷
ʮ췴ΪӢĳ֣ûӢɽׯʮ󲻻췴ڲᣬȻӢûʮƸǣڸձʼǱԲԼԪ֮ӢͯˣߵĺûʮĶ
ӢʥػŭָŭһطоŴߣ縮ҲΪνǶԻŭ򵥵ĳƺΪԸľïܵҲݻŭڵεĸӣ߸õĽ֡
豻Ӣô͵ǰṩطʱûȽٳɣڻŭֵĿԽϴ󣬶һŭֲĬĬ泬֣Ҳɢɣ޳ɴɵĹħҲӳɽ˶С
ѺܴûֱָӢҪʲôҲû˵ŭЩ߶ӢܰʲôѵļΪ
ŭֵô߻ۣ˵θ⣬ŨһԭʤطͬʱҪĲϷḻҵȴһϣżЩҵϡ
縮ƻŭֶʧܶ飬Ȼ縮Ӳǳ鷳˭֪ŭڲŶˣ縮Ҳҵˣ縮ȡ˵˵Ź֡
ӢŭϿգŻŭ֣ŭɽʮɣʮͷųϢÿҪôͷųϢҪôǺмһϢУǣЩľïʢһƬ̡
ͯŮܵЩ򲻴ԴȴܷḻϿһͷⲻԣһҲܲ˻ŭֵϢӽˣŭߺܶ࣬ƢϹ
ϻͯŮֱ˺ѣϾ⼸ˣЩϼһ㡣
ӢĶˣⲻʧΪһð취ھŭߵĺûҲȥ룬ȥм򣬿˵
ֺͽֹӢϣӢûκͯûǰɣЩӰܵƣܵƵĽƣǾͲߵĽɢɾˡ
߲࣬Ҳ߻ӢżȻĳƣģ뿪ʱЩ¶ȣһӢ˭ӢûϢִĸСͯء
Ȼ˺ѣӢ˰죬ûҵʱϣʱǲǳӢ֪ʱϵòӢ˷ʽѣͺѡ
ŭָ֮һûϵ˭Ҳ˭żĳЩ֮以ཻ飬٣˵ֻԼ֪˲ϣҸʶܣǴ롣
Ӣޱ߼ʵѰңƾʹһǾߣ֮ϴ󲿷߶֪ôһڽܣڵĿǰû˳˼ҵĽҲûʲô졣
Ҳ⣬Ӣھ鷳һƣ޿̣ӢںĶŶԷɫ԰ףĽСɢһֹϢϢ֣һŮԣŭ
ͯŮܵһ̶޷Ƚ٣ּһ־ǳΪɣɵΪɢɲ࣬Դ䣬Ƣ죬˹һ࣬ûκκøС
ӢһμɣϸĽǣǹɣʵһˣͬǹ֣ʵܹ죬ȷʵһ˸еɭɭϢ
۾ΪȣɨһͯŮһ¶ѩ׵ݣﲻӭˣߣСҳǣ粻ڻŭ֣ͳǡ
Ӣ৵Ĵȣɫȼգһˣʱϡ
֪֪ɵ̬Ⱥܶӡ
Ӣεûܽ⣬ˣҲƮƵȰã֮Ǻ֡
ϻͯŮҶȰϾһ㣬κûøУҲ˵ųκ켺
Ҷ۾ɻ;ȣʵ˭Ϊʲôʶң
ϻͯŮͲҪˣﲻ֪ҺαĹȥҸ㣬ĺϾ£ЩԨԴ
󱲣˭Ҷһ˿˭Ըﲻˣǣ˶һų⣬п˭⣬ֻӳɫɭɭϢ˹
󵨣ϻϷͯͬʱ֣߳סɭ׹⣬ͯΪûְָӢӢԥڡ
ǡҶܳԾ
Ӣɴ˸طﲻ׼ߣﵽĿģͯվӢܡ
Ҷüͷ㲻ЩҪʲô

һһʮ ù

ӢϻȼգղҪϣԶڻԾȻϢϢ𽥽Ӣڡ
ҶȻɻӢԲˣһͨˣôôȥˣǹɣҲ
ʱһһȥˣϵתƣ죬Ũڽⷭ󾪶ߣ׷׸ϵ⡣
ͯҲڴǼŬָԶγףԪףָ֮ˣἫΪѵãܷŹᣬǰӢպϧǲҽֻŬָ
ҶҲɵͬϷŹᣬǰǱٶȺڲͬƾա
ۼߣɢɼʮλڻŹħŽ⣬ˣɻĿŴơ
λ˴ûй¶ԼĿ˼һŽ⣬ֻдϢжˣǴɺɣһֱڻŭ֣ҲЩ߿ۣκһߣ챻ˡ
ɳϻˣϤô¡
ϻһǳۣͦΣ壬ΪӽȽڣܸߣǰһأæɣǰʱһ˴ĸͯӣǣƣƺˡ
ɻһжΪܳƣĸͯӸܽƣΪɣ
ϻ˵ͷ˵ĶԣҲô²ΪһΪûУĸͯӵΪҿ
дɵˣһΪϻ˶ΪˣΪص
ûأȷʵûΪĸͯɢɡ˵һˣ࣬˵ĺܿ϶ɢɿ౯
౯ȷʡ
౯˵ûˣͯɢɣ϶ǣͯûˣԼȥƣ෴Щͯǿ롣˵һɣû֪ʲôҲԼ˭
˵λ˵ûӦʵλ˽½̸
ɵһɽĸ֣̫ߣɢɿ
Ҳô룬пΪЩصĺΣʱɽҵ˿гǡ
ɵΪǿ
һ˼ֻɱй¶ǵܣҹɽҲжżȻн뻪ŭ֣Ȼôȥ
λ֮ףסƣǿѹý߷׷׺ˣȲѣλǽ뻪ŭֵһγ֣Ѿչϵɽϣ˳˶أΪʲôء
ѹ׵ͯ͹ҶܲˣǰǰͲˣӢҲܵޣλ˷Ҫǿˡ
ͯŮϾ˳ˣѹֻɢɶ
ӢȫԸǿѹǿ
ͯҲԥƽӢߣٸѹǣӢǿͯ˹ȥ
ҪӢ档
ͯһӴӢԪҵͻƿһʧĴ󾪣ȫԸƣǣûƶȥԪй¶
ϻͯŮԾϾǡ
Ӣһҧ͵ֹͣ䣡һڽѹ͵ǿʮšӢſѪ漴˹ȥ
ͯӢյһ˲룬ҲĲιȥ˲ԼԷԪֿ
Ҷ֮ҪһЩѹһһӿҲɣô£ǵˣΪʲôҪ
ͯл˵ΪûָʹָҲǰմܲˣΪӢƴֿӢദܽ٣ǣһ˸飬ֻǴû˵ˣ˵ǴӦӢ£˵ԼһµĽڣӢĿеλܸߣΨһˣ׼ȷ˵ʮͯӢԼĶӣڵΣ෴ѹԶܡ
ʱɺɸܵѹЦ㷴ܷСƲֵһᣬȴΪʲôû֣ѵͨˣҲҴ⣬ɴɱܸԼ鷳λ˼Ӵѹ˲ǿһ
䡭
ѹ£ͯ˳ȥͬʱҶܲǿѹˤ˳ȥͬʱˡ

ӢſѪѾԹȥˣͻȻâӢƽɺɾ棬ɶʱʧɫΪڵԪӿй˳ȥ

һһʮ 

߾ȵĿһĻԣҲ뵽λ˴ʱڵսľУô
ɺпԣǴʱղԪʧصĽѵǲ춯ԼԪһһʧ֪£ǲ棬ֱˡ
âȥͬʱϵƻۣڼѹʧӰ٣Žʧ㿴Ӣ˵ͯ͹ҶӢһˣӢƽɣŨȫŽӢλˡ
ɢɿ౯Ԫ˵ѵãҲҪɡ
߶мңȥŨ׷׵ԪҲƬ̵գҪǼ߼ǧŬܵõ
ʱһһȥˣŨγɢΪŭʮۣʹ߸ϵ鼸ʮ߻
Ӣӻ˹Ʈָ֮ãؼԼ̬ջǷԷգҲƮоӢΣգûֹͣӢӿȵ
Ӣѣλ˸еѹһᣬԪճʧˣܶĶӢ۾Ǿ
ٵˣǲԣö֣ԭһΣԸ⽻࣬ҲԸɽͷ
̾ӳô꣬ΪΣû뵽˷ˣˣԸܷĹΡ
Ӣһ漴ף˰ɽˣˣǲȼôˣ
һӢûӦΪӢһҪæˣô꣬Լҹо㷢һЩܣѵ֪
֪Ӣȷʵ֪ЦСϷϵκηûܿܰһʵĨļλָ
λھУ⻰һ
ɳɵˣӦ֪ĨļָˣҪ˵ɽ磬ЩҲ⻰ǡʲô˼
û˼ӢĺʧҲˡ
ɾˣܲĹ
ӢûӦڲſˣɼ鲻λˣҲˣǵһγֻ֣ȫӴ֮ܽҲ˵ùֹͲᷢ¡
ˣԺ㣬Ĺ˵һǾ˵ɾͲ׵ϣˡΡڰ
ӢһҲΪʵꕛɫģ
λľʱˣŹȥɣôҲ̫˰ɣҲ֣ôɽûλˣѵǡλ˲룬ǲ²һǾˡ
æˣꕛټû˵У˷ģֻҪˡǣ߱ҵ
Ӣɴ಻ˣ˰죬ûһ˷ʱ䣬˳Ϊǿ࣬ûʲôر𣬲ֵһᡣ
ˣֻҪˡǽ࣬ɽҪٰѰ땛ԴĲΥٲɾз˶ġ
һҧˣӦ֪ӹ⣬ҪǵֿһεĴѣ಻ɽ罫ۿǧȥˣһʱ䣬ٶԴҲá
ҪࡣӢˣǵֿʲôѣûʲôѣҲȥ롣
ˣ㡭
ɽ绹磬˭õ࣬ӵ࣬ζڴбסΪ࣬ϧ͵͵ܵ磬ڵãһ಻ĵˣ漣˲ɻλǲרǡ
ʵˣ㲻Ϊǣ
ǸʲôӢȷʵܷˡ
λǸѽʲô֪ΪԲܳѰ·Īǲǹڽ뿪Բ֡
ˣǡˣΪǣԡᣬɼҪ޳Ҽˣ֪һ󣬲֪ЦŴ
ӢˣȫԸҲ뱻ţʱöܿܰá
ɺɼڰ󣬰ٰ֮󣬼Ȼλ˲ŹǣҲûã粻󣬾ˣ׼

һһʮ ʮɷ

ɺɵԪʧһ룬ͷüëɺתתףƤԭϸתΪֲڣԭתΪͷǴԪʧĺ
֪̾нһ٣αصء
Ըڴ˲ʧԸζòܰɸпޣĪ
һӢգ𣿡
ҡͷʵ벻ɽôһˣɵӦúǵĻйأǾ͵ɣɥ
˰죬ɴȥˣҪףʵˣԾɴһԺɴǼλˣԴİ
Ҳȥˣ̾ϢˣףɴɽλȻٹɽ£飬Ϊߵˡ
Ӣ۾һڶ߷ĻˣҲ֪ʲôɴɽûϵ
ɽûϵ
ʲô˰õһûϵĸѽ޷ݡ
һȻˣ磬ѹΪϢ
һԼɽ룬ôأ磬Ҳһ㲻úһ͵ܳϣɵˣҪ֣ɢǲȲˣˣ㿴ܲĹǣԸΪЧ͡
Ӣ޿̵һߵˣĸ֪ٷϻ
һȼ񣿡һ֮ŭֹһȼôǱܲˣԪйæֹͣ
ɿæ˿ЦˣôܿСˡ
ϻûұƶǵùСӢˡ
λ˿Ӣ˵ٻǾˣһȼ񣬵ôҲ벻ͬһȼȾ棬ؿˣɲûιȥһȼƣҲ̫˰ɡ
̽ʵ㡭Ķˣ
Ӣû뵽˷ϻô࣬Ҫˣôʲô
ǻ࣬ȷʵ벻ͨôԪҲܲˣκһֹ£롣̾Ϣ
˻У޻˵Ϊˣûʲô˵ģУ̫ˡ̾
ǾͺͿɣӢŭˣȫԸӱٶȡ
ɸеԪʧٶȸ죬ĸţղһӢȼС֮ģȻʡȼУʲôġ
æУǷˣԶܿ㣬Ǳͣ벻Ҫϣ漣֣ܳߡܼһ
ɹȻͣڵ漣Ԫʧ룬ָѰֻҪһָܻ˺ãǰǺûʲôֱڱ˸
䡭
ڵȴУȻ漣һڻŭ֣ž춯صĺâ˸ֱϮӢ߹˲ӳӾҪɷ£ӢԪѾʧȥ֮
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ڶȽ٣ôأɲ
λһǲ£ǶȽ߶ȽٹгֵɷôӢأ
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ڶ𣬴ɢ˻ŭγɵš
ɿмûô£̾ԭڴ˶Ƚ٣Ƚٹ̲ɷˣ£
һƣǡҲΪӳ㿴أ
һ͵صͷԪʧֻˣȻڳûȫɢǰհɣĲҲ̶ð
˾͵ʧԪһһ֣ҪָΡ
䡭䡭䡭
ɷµĺϣȫӢˣҲӢգɷԼܹЩȽߵĴˣɷҲܣÿαľʣ컺ɷա
ӢŵЭȽ٣ӦʱҲûգʵ̸֤ĺܸˣҲ̤ʵˣԳԭ
ʮɷٳ֣ڵ϶Ƚٵϳֽ⣬űס漴һƢķɢ˳Žһϰա
С磬ллˣΪ㣬޾նȽٳɹԶֶ飬Ժɽңңϻ˵Ѿ³Ƥҷˣǰ˳ŵ

һһʮ Ⱥ֮

ĸ߷ŭֻ۵ڱɢļʮ߿ӢĿҲλ˵Ŀʱλӣ߲⣬β뵽Ӣԭ
ͯ͹ҶָƣΪǽˮ¥̨ȵ£ջС߶ЩջأȲͯ͹Ҷ
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ͯŮϾ
ɢɿ౯˰죬벻ôһˣЦΪϾǳԺ޷ˣҲûʲôܼô漣Ҳֵá
Ļŭۣʮɷ£ſŻˣҲòҲ֮ʧûҪȷʵϻãʲôġ
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Ӣʱϡ
ʱϣΰһҡͷС翴ӲʶʱϣǸղŶȽٵһλЩͲһСֻ۴³Ƥҷˡ
ӢЦã֪ԲһʼߣڻʲôĺʧʱϡơOҪҵĿ꣬ѾҵʱȴˣʣһO죬Oǽ縮ڲԱOζ縮ϣûϣؼǶϽ縮ܲҵO죬Ҳ˽縮ҵҪʲôʱȲˡ
һʱӢ˼ںʧ
С磬£˵һʱ㲻ʶǾܰϣƴǡڵĴޣȸֲƢ¡
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⡭ɵˣ漴ЦˣʱǼһһֱⷽоû˵оʲôʹҲﲻС硣
֪ӢӦһ䡣
Цô˵СгˣС粻Ҫʧ֪ʮƾͲʱϲOҲҪOѵ㣬ɣҰСȥҸƣϷǸġ
Ӣˣң땛ҵ
땛ĵر˵У˭Ҳ֪ҽһ˸Ů֪裬СˡνӿڵһŮߵӻãΪڶȽڣûܶȽ٣ĳɻ
ˣӢֹŮ˵ȥ
һŮЦ˵ʲôǶ겻仯СȻǾѾҵ裬ƣO죬ʣʱϣˣֱ˵ɣС磬ϻĸΪȽٷ𺳼ȷ˵ߣȽٲ⣬ôģĿġ
޹ЦĿǹĨǾڽȽʱõССô룿СģԺʱǼʮߵ£縮Ҳ׶㡣
и⣬Сǵͷӣ˭ҲҾ˵Ե
񾲳ûѽСҪҪ׵ı֧磬ʱСġ
Ӣһֹ񾲣񾲾ȻЩ£ʶһ˵
ںС磬Ȥ˵û£棬ϧͯǼһҲȻ֧㣬ҺͰͯǺѣǸߣģ˭˵֡

ʮ̲סЦ˳һѾҵģټһͯǻַ죬עⲢ
һƤ˭ЦЦʲô˭ܱȵǸվսֻҪӳҾͰΪʦ
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߹ЦҾ֪ǲУǾͱ죬ҺС̸С磬֪ͯǼһȲңҲУҵܸ㣬һ⡣
ɷħ֣ЦߣСҳ㣬ЩסûˣģߣҪҳĽڡ
һͺӲҲ㣬ֻҪҵͯǼһֻ㲻ɡ
ɷһҲߣС磬ǵҵ˼ϣһ
ϻͯЦɷɷϾǰҴһ£ʲôϾǰ󡣡
ɷһʲô
ϷͯЦѣܾǹ飬ɷϾˣòҪϾȻɷһڴ
ɷԹԵıͣڶ˵

һһʮ 

ˣʮûӢʲôˣЩвﵽĿģһɷӢУ˭ҶӢͯɢɣй˼ɡ
ɿһĸеΪңӢ֪úݻʱҪó˵磬ҪʲôвϾİɣϾʲôָʾ
Ӣһֱ˼ûЩһعҵûϵҪɫ땛Ҫойؼ䷽ĸ֣Ϊ̸̸
װǻһۼʮߣȻԪʧ֮ЩûЦϾҪǿ𣿡
߿˲ԾҲǹӢƨȴ벻ͨҪӢȽѣֲҪҷʵȷʵΪһεĴ٣Ȼǻ˵һߵͷŹ֡
޹Цλ˵ĶԣȻϾԸΪϾϾԸѰ땛ղ˵ҪˣĿǰļλʱϷˣ˭ûҵȥң
O졣Ӣ
Ǹ⣬ȥO죬縮ԣ縮ףŭֽ縮ܲˣŭҲȥҽ縮Ͼ縮磬ٹ̣ûôöԸ
ҿṩѰ땛Ĺߣ㽻𣿡ֹ࣬һ̤ѰҸֲϣƳܶ⣬Ź㲩ࡣ
Ц࣬ҪǴҰ֪ʲôñҵ땛֪֣ټ㵽
Ӣͷԣ˵
f˵fϵȵȣĺôǣ¼ᵽfΪԽߣѰ㣬¼f䱦ķӦӶ֪Ƶر
Ӣʵf
һµ֪ôһ岻֪˭УżȻõһЩпС
Ӣͷ֪ˣ
ϲҶϾЭȽ٣Ҳǣ֪ϾΪʲôûϢȴմ
Ӣüͷǰ֪֪ƮƵԭ򣬵ǣӦƮƲй¶ȥΪˣƬ̺֪ԭ򣬱Ը㣬ǣӦĳ˲й¶㻹Ҫ֪ٻһ
ʧ벻ʲô
Ӣһ˼ҿԸ㣬Ҫ֪
ʲôϲ
ӢȻҴӦ˲˵˵ĺֻһǾ˵˵û˵𣿡
Ī˵˵û˵ʲô˼
̾Ӣᣬѵ࣬Ͼ˼ײˣԸ㣬Ԥ֪й¶ֻ˲Ųй¶˵˵˵û˵
ͷƤ飬æˣû˵û˵
ӢfңҼȻӦ㽻Ͳʧţһ
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ӢΪģžһһȽ˳ȥòҪƭңȻĺѿ
ڵϣûңҡ
ӢĻʧˣŻ˵
౾ûôһţʲôһʱ䲻֪˵ʲô
Ц࣬ôˣóϾǸһһǶˣӦһҪʲôЩڵʲôӦ֪ġ
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ǻ۲仰ʲôЦϾڿȥXˮȻٳȥΪ£
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Ӣһ仰Щ߷ˣ߸ŴˣһȥXмλվûǴɺɣҶɢɿ౯ӻã񾲣񣬹ɷˡ

һһʮ f

Ӣüͷʮ߶뿪ˣ⼸λû뿪˼Щˣ͵һۣ˵ʲôóڡ
ߺٺЦϾ˵ҪܰͯǼһ㣬ʳԣȥܡ
ӢͯX
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ӻЦϾٵЩС飬ϣܰ㣬ӦЭȽ٣ֻܾ㡣
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Ӣһ£Ź࣬ʵõϢм׼ȷԣ
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һ˼Ϣһ˵иݣٵһʹfٵӦ֪fȥ򡣡
ӻõǾһٵٵǲҡ
ЦǣҶġ
Ӣ㲻ٵĹϵҲûʣͷ߰ɡ
Ӱһʧϣ뿪򻯳˼飬Ļŭڳ׻ˣΪȥ֪֮ӢĽҲͲˡ

һٶʮ ʮ

ʮγһӴʵ֮ͬĬ֧֣ϣ縮ҲҹֱǼ롣
ʮʮһһܵϵѾµ˭һܣʮҲڱУʮһӶһ£ˣʮЩƽ˲²λá
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Ӣһо˳ٵ⣬ͯվӢ󣬹ҶȤĴţ񾲿ãսսں棬۾סΡ
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ӶXʵʽչXӰʮ󣬸ֵϹȲĽXˮһƶתƵXڸֹУųãųϧڰзչûֱӽʮĿƷΧ
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վסٵ㳡ŭ˲ϰڵİΧӢˡ
ӢվסˣüͷЩǼܶߣ߸һָоǾһɫɫģаżּɫɫ߲֣ȫǾˡ
ЦãûӰ
ӻɫЩΣȷʵ⣬ӡвʮǧ˵ʲôסˣ뿴˵
˭Ϊʲôٵ˵ͼıԴӳ۾ڼȥλŮûˮɫһһ𣬲ʲôöˣá

Ӣԥһűλӳҽһ˳ȥ漴ӴѹΪҳһϰɵɵĶӢ񿴹
ӵҲû뵽Ӣôһ֣һ
ҶĻϲ⣬ΪӢΪ֣˭Ϊһ켺֣ٵοˡ
ɱˣӳˡ
ϰع׷״Уʶһ󺰵ϣɱЩ࣬Ϊӳ𣬿졭
ϻͯЦϣϾɱǾͲϾ
Ͼ
׷׾Уҳĸ죬һĶӢȻûϢ˧ûǣ˵ǲˡ
һЦû뵽ϾôҲǣüʮ߹ԹȥXûŹ֡
ͻȻ丱ӳ񾭰ɷˡ縮ͷͨˡ
ӢΪһЦЩȥȻԷѾ׼ûҪһɱ˸ӳҲˡ
ͷͨûεô֪ӢͷͨĽп죬ˣҲǽ縮Ĵˣ縮ƤŹ֡
ӺɫأͷͨζʲôӦܴӢԲ²⵽⸱ƢߵﶼǾףûУŮĸпޣ鼫ΪӣҶûʲôӢ
䡭
˲ٵ˷ӿֳܶߣ鲻¼ʮ򣬷׷׷֣ӢûκԤףźǹ
ϡǡˡû״ˡ
ͯСֻӶһⷴȥҶӰһʧˣӻú񾲲Ҵ⣬׷׵Ԫ
񾲽ãӦó档
ӻҡͷûãⲻǵʮˣǴϾȻʮô
ѽʱˣ㻹ԥʲôߴٻá

ڴʱӢſںХüֳǣһ
Ȼȼ񣬴縮ͣʮǰ֮Ӱ쵽ʮƺʶӢߴӢüĻϡ
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źٴ𣬵һûڶʮʮϷӿǿ޼ɵӢˡ
Х𡭡ড䡭
źХӢüͷʱķ൱ǿ󣬰Ѽʮ߷Ԫдȥľƣڴʱһ˸ס飬ʮ˵ӿȳ˹Ӣѹ
סˣɱҲˣ
˿Ц漴Ц߿зɱӢֵǽǣɱӢǲǸ˵̫ˣ

һٶʮһ ܵ

ʮʮںЦмʩѹƬ̺ЦˣΪǵ뷨˲ҪӢʧǣӢҧгݳܣûʧʮ˵ǺϢ
񾲾ȵ벻ʮˣãѹ㲻档
ӻҡͷҲ֪ˣмɢɣҪǿЩϷ˱仯
ȻСΪȴôʲôЩֹͣ
ӻõ࣬ҲǾḻ֮ˣѵûڰָӣⲻʮˣǳϾ׼ȷ֪ٵһǻŭָ뿪֮ᵽҪٵԷ
ЦôҡԺûӹˡ
Цǰɣ˼Ͼǽ縮ͷͨҲûϣǸףʲôµġ
ӻ˼ĸͯӦûϾˡ
Ҳע⵽ˣͷǰǵŰɣѹܵˣϣҪٳָˡ
ḻܿûôܽӮԺڽ縮Ϻˡ
Сӣֿ־ܣܽ縮˳Ȱ
ӢջԪ
һһŽ㳡ȷʵˣ¶ĿԼڽУǷɣŴƺɶҲΪ׼
ߣСӣֿܲܵסɵѹЦ佱ⲻǸղŷʩ
Ӣŭû£
㡭ɲûӣˣ˭ŭСӣҪһٴΡ
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ӻõͷû˵ٿȻǽ縮棬ʮøӣ鷢չڣ൱ӣ档
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ͻȻһûüӦ鷴ƣܶͶŲһȻ𾪵֮Ԫɽӿ
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ӰȥҶһЦһɭɭ˲ס˲
ʮĸַ׷ܣӱضӢС
ӻóܵڴ˭ӡ
ƺ̣ʮʮˣӻþʮܵһֱеصĵ

һٶʮ 

ӻõʮʮ߶ߵܳȥӰ˲̶̵ֹͣļ֮Ӱ˸ʮ㳡ĶӻãֵľӢ
ӻЦѽʮε磬겻һаСǻҡ
ԪĿ࣬ʱܵǡҲǵѣҶǻԼXܾʦΪôǶվڶ棬ǣ縮ǲɢɳ棬ʮʮߵûڶ·ѡ񡣡
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ӻòˣл˵ǽ췢Ϊ˱Լû˵ǲԣʵʮϳֵı仯㲻Ҫ˵û
Ԫһҧܵʮڲܶ仯ǶˣҲ޿κΣЩ縮ǲ򣬱˴ȨֵѾˡ
ӻһڵкüףͷҪ˵ӢѾˣߵɽǰֻʱֹͣڲ⡣
˾ѣӲͷƤϾҲǲѣ縮´Ҳû취ִС
ӢЦǽ縮ߣҿΪɱ𣬽縮ôˣý縮ѹҡ
˻æϾʵʵ˵ǽ縮ǲңʵǻָʾշʮ£շ˾ͻٵöֻ꣬Ըϣ󲿷ֲԸ⣬ҲϾɱǣ˾ϾŹҡ
ʮһ׷ŭ
ӢڿԹˣȥ߻˷ˣҪĪֻһΡ
ҶǺϣɭɫϢҲҶൢӰȥʮܷŹѸٽɽΧ
Ԫŭƣ벻ΥԽ縮ΪӰʮ߰㣬Ҫٵ̫ˣ㲻ߣΪԼΪеΡ
˴ʱ侲ûЩϣЦҪжңΪXϲʮĿ£Ǽ룬мߣʮǼһл𣬽أмǵĵУҶ֡
ʮɫһף̧ͷЩܣϵλãǰжӲ֪ϵһнҴˡ
ԪЦû㣬߲ˡ
˺ٺٳЦ˰ɣµҵʧˣǰҸһ䣬ԹÿȻǲʮĿʼ
вԪŭ
ٺ١˳Цѡ
߰ɣù죬лҡͷֽ̾͵һ޿֣ԼжϾѾˣǲţϾ档
˹ЦܴϧЩҶţȻҲлᣬϾѾڷߣǻ𣿡
ʮɵˣ˭ҲҵӢӢղŻٵĿãҪٵʮ׾٣οܵһֻܷˡ
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ǣȵһһܵʱһ̨£ǵδ
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˸ղŽûʣʱʲôˣ
ӢžˣҡͷȻû㣬Ҳýͣ߻ˡ
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Ӣ⻰˵ˮȥǰᣬٸ߻˲öˣϡ
һ֪Ӣ⻰ָɱսľæһһһһֲת档
ɣӢܲ͡
ǣ˵һ죬ĺԼʧ̬ôǻشأĺӢӰһʧڹ㳡ϡ
̲סЦߵ̫Ǳˣ뼰Լ޷ָܵ˲
Ӣʵ˭
һһûιȥӢ
ӻûҵһ϶ˣϣӢһŭ֮´ɱ䣬˭

һܲѹһڵϡ

һٶʮ 

ӻɫЩѿʮǻˣȻιȥ˵ȥˣܵ²̨
ӢӰһεĵ˳ֶڵϡ
λһʹӻڵսսϾҡ
ʲô
ҡǡ˵ȥ˵Լıֶλְλء
һЦˣ㰵˶ԼϵҲһۣܱ֮㰵㣬ֶ֤ǣٵ߰㣬㣬ࡣ
ҡλεҪιȥ
ӢùЩʵfУ
fλһҡͷû˵ѵϵ
ӢòǼٻعͷŹ/
ڲæϾǰ˵ǵõϢұ֤fô˲ķһСĽղأһӲ֪
ʵ˵fǲڶУ
ҡͷû˵ôһ岻֪˭Уܵʧ٣úϾεǻ˭Ҳ֪ʺϾջ񡣡
ϾæܵϵȷʵҺġ
Ʊ磡Ц㲻ε㲻Ѷ˵Ͼԥɱ㣬ʹϾŹ㣬ʮٵҲŹ㣬㻹ʵ㣬ǵĵȴٵ˵
ǣ
ʮӰΧٵʵΪԤмܣʧܣˣɢܣ⼸ʧȥܳͷ
һ˽ܵõ˵ԪȰٵҪԱ
ܵŮȴ
Ǿõͷ
һΪŮþ͹ˮ˳ӵ޵ܵȾǡ
俴һۺϾȲҪޣл˵
Ůӿ޵ǶŮɺǰϾñֶȡҸΣйֲҸװˣְռҡ
Ͼڻк˵
ϾӼɺ֪Ҫ£Ʊֲܵ棬˵ʱвңȲѣҲϲɺûкϵܵ졣
˵˵ɺǴ׶;ҪҸڶҸ׾Ͳˣ˵㡭ɱҸס
ϾĴȻƱܣϵεְλˣϾ˺ϵ̸˺ܾã˿϶֪ϵȥ򡣡
ӻЦʱ㻹Ʊ磬ΪϾҪ֪䣬׷fˡ
ϾһŽƱ磬ȻмӸӢͻǰ;˹һ𣬲ʲôܣٵ֪
Ӣˣ뵽ܿܰǱЩ߿ƣغһλֻһΣѶ˵
ϾʧɫӢĸ˵˵һ˵һξһΣ뵽ӢѰfȻдãɱæҡϾ
Ӣϻɱ
ҶӰһǰ档
˵˵Ͼιȥ
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Ӣû˵мʾ
ѵãóɴϴ顣
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ӻĲζҲˣӢʲôǣҲû취Ӣûκι˼ɣɱɱκɱܽ⣬ǵˣȻҲףӢϸɴĸȷʵЧĳЩʱЧ

һٶʮ 

ллϾллܵ
ϵ֮ŮɺһĸлӢΣ˵Ƕˣʮ˰꣬˭ﲻӢһʹˮ߳
ʵɺϾγf˵㸸У֪𣿡
֪ҸȷʵôһϾΪ;˺ıҸףҸһֱǣҸ׳£淢ʲôҾͲ֪ˡɺ˵
ıжˣʵ֤û˵ѣƺõһرϣ̲סϾûƭɣҷģûҵ¡
ӢҲ̤ʵˣֻҪڶУʹˣȻѰҵͷ֪ˡ
һţӢ仰ͺã仰ܾˣھ취뿪
һµɺ㸸׿ûǱϾǲȥңɺ֪ٵʲôصطп㸸׾͹ĵط
ɺһϲֻҪײͺãҡͷٵԭļطҶ֪Ҹײ棬طҲ֪
ӻЦǱϾͿˣӦ뵽ʺϾϾǴǻϴˣĴˡ
Ӣû˵ҲûôҪѰҶʹҲҪ֪ǾҪѰңô࣬ӻһ˼֮ж
ӰϻͯŮһ
ɺָӣǺϾĹͷʦȺϾҪϾɲô໵£ϾһҪɱ
Ѿ֪Ͼˣŵɫ԰ףսսϾ֪㡭Ҫɱҡ
Ӣʵ
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ɺϲҸû
æͷûfõֻʱ
񾲵˼ǣͨȥ𣿡
ͷǵģֻҪܽȥ˶֪νȥҲڰ󣬶ûɹϾ֪˽ҺͺϾöΣҵͨ󷨵һоûҳ취
ͯŮӰһϾһ󷨣ǿ󡣡
ˣӢûҪҲˣԼͯһ֣ȥӻúͼʮ
ǷǲͬӢУӴѹȥӢһӽİ磬ǵһΡ
ͯŮ͵ϾƾӴԪãȻ󼰷˽󷨰лʧ׵ãٽϷǿҹ۲ɼַɣȽϸӡ
ӻõ˸ɴ࿴ŲѾǵΧ߲õǿԷɢɲõ󷨣޲ߣǹ²һϸ۲󷨣һͯŮ󷨵ۡ
УҶΪߣ󷨲ǿƾΪǿн룬ζأò䣬ȤϾʲô취ȥˣ
Ӣҡͷȿ˵
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ͯŮʶԨ۲Ƭ̺󷨱һ㣬Ҳһ㣬һͬСɣҪҪ֡
Ӣ˼Ƭ̺ϻԷ󷨶ǣƣǣȥסǣƲ
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Ӣˣӵûνʮ˱仯ϵʧ٣ΪԴ档
ҲӢӰ죬øɴϴʮµѡٵΣԿ쵶նķʽס˸Ȼʮ֮ʵʿ䣬ڼʶӢֶκֻпЦķݡ
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Ӷǰγ㶦ľ棬˹˼ɣСսϣģս˭Ҳҷڻ׼С
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ҶڵӢأӢͬƮ߳һʾþòǧȥˣƺһξѣпޣ

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һһʧˣ߶ѰĵرȤܸߣһЩϣf֣Ȥߡ

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ߵĽأҲ߿Ϊɾ͵ĵطҵİھ̽ͬʱֳ־塣
ڲͷǿ⣬߲ȡִʩ޷ͻƣڲĿǰΪֹû˵ĸ߽룬Χ̤㡣
߽ңò߷룬żһ̽գΧõһЩĵرǾˡ
Ӣһ˳⣬ЩУӢѰĵطͼҵ땛ĵرõ࣬땛ȴûҵӢңһֱҵ
ĵرӢûȤƮƿۣͯУϻͯŮ˼ϣҶȤ󣬽Ҫ˼֣Ĳ϶ˣ֣ϲƸֹߣЩõϣ˵󲿷ֲ϶ġ
ұ߹ļطҪãֲֻܻã֪ܲȡ٣Щ˷ܵ
ҶõĻЩȫˣҪʲô땛ҪҪϣԺеʱ䡣
ǣǣæĲΪȻԺԺʲôʱӢһҵ땛ûȤʱ˭Ҳfʹӵfʲôء
ӢһӣֳfƮסӢ֣ԪԴԴ͸ӢӢԪͽffӨâһŮ趯л鷢ֲͬâ˸š
ϲö౦ﰡηˡ
Ǿ飬ȫڻϣf֮бâ˸ﲻͬ˸ĹâͬжԻ˸ĹâжϣһָŷԴѰұ
λ˸ܶ࣬ʾкܶ౦Թ˷ܵĴУбֻӢ֪˲˽⣬Ӣ˽fİ֪ʲôҲùźĵط
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ǾͽȥҰǻʲôԵüΪ˷ܡ
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޷˵˭أһмΪӢΪ㲻ƮƣȥﶼпܣͯɢɣҶǹɣ뵽ܣΪӽи֣ЩǰС
Ӱȥ״ͻż㲻ͬɫϷ¡¡ĺʯ״ʹСŸı䣬ͷԣ˵ҡ
İڲϱãþв֪룬Զ߳ѹȻǰͺ̵ߴŽһ̽˵Щ߳ģѰЩ̼ѰұﷴΡ
ӿȶѹܲ˵ǹ࣬ڶǸ֣ѹмԼѹǰǸͻĹʯɽʯͷʱ𣬺Хľˡ
ӢfŮƮƮɣ˸ַʽߴңкܶĵرƮӢԪԴԴϽӢڣӢݻָꕛڷƶ
ϾȲȣһԶѹƯƵˣȻǽʯܲѹԡ
Ӣûᣬƶ
ϻͯŮһӣеϻͯŮУΪԪӤڣɫ԰ףϢ΢ѾһʱˣٲȻ
̾ΪҲҽˣˡ
ƮƵİһ˽һߵ˵ĳ̶ȣѹ󵽷˼¡¡ıըڶߺʱҪ˵࣬ͯҶ뿪ƮƺӢߡ
ŸַʹĵЩһóȥ䶯ǡֿɼȴŹˣϧˡ
ûӢһһѰꕛ޶ԣƮƸҪˣͯҶΨӢհһҪҲûãʹļ׷ôҲ޿κΡ
룬ѹ󵽹ſûУֻӰʱǰ¾ӢƾfָƮƵжϣײ¾ڣν¾ǻӰ
ǰͻһһŮ׷ͯգͷųɫâӢıؾ֮·˲òֹͣ
Ҷǣ
ӢûӦΪǲʶŮ˹ɾǼ

һʮһ ɫꕛ

ɣǰʯѹУûιȥԪֿͷųжϳ˻ֿܵһʱ䣬ֶܼã˵ˡ
ʵ˭ܽΪһ򵥣Ӧòߣߵʹˣѹ
ҶˣܾˣʱһںߣżȻĻеõָ㣬Ϊͻͽϧߵһ̹ǵҡҡͷˡ
˼ǰмһˣ۾ͷϣָΪһֵܲǾһȡ
ϾһҪǣˡҶɫأӢ
ӢûѵãȾ޷ô룬ƮƴһӽϹУʧƬ̺۾ЩӢˡ
ҶȲʵλǰþòˣ벻ǵ𡣡
˴ҶӢˣ۾Щɻ󣬰˵ɱų⣬ôһͬʱĪƮƵΪǿǳҲӦ뵽׾ٵľǣûһΪ
ҶЩĽ͵ΪɣÿһʱλǰżȻָңԪָУҾǸСŮ
ӻȻ򣬵ͷˣǷ޵żȻ㣬ְ㣬벻ǾϷ޳ȷʵ
Ůҡͷ̾ΪӰȣѹ㣬ݾƽΪȥܴôǻƫţԻö㡭ӦǼɵĽɡ
Ҷɫ㱣ƺ㯣ЦҪǰȷʵܺڣǳһĬĬӣڲˣϾų켺ҺɢһǣĲˡ
´ӢǴˣʾܿһӢͷӣҲˣӢȺΪͣɢµţҪ˵ߣҲ˲
Ϸ룬ӰBллϾллλҷ򸾡ӱ񣬼ȲǺܽĿߣҲΪӢ˾Ǳֵĸмǳƽ϶ʧݡ
ӢѵöһкøУÿ˳ֶѡ
ӲBЦϾǶߣֿͲ˵ˣǽ̽ջĿꣿ
ӢѰꕛ
һͷĸԿóֺˣȻĿ꣬ꕛȷʵУǷ߲ԶС
ӢҡͷҪɫꕛ
˼ꕛҪϷﲻæ֪땛ҪӦϵɣ˵мfķû⣬ҲΪȻʵ֤ȷʵ뻺
Ӣͷû˵ʲôƮֻӶһȥ΢΢һЦʾ⣬ᡢм˵ϻǶԳӢӡ
fָʾӢһԲʯϣԲʯƯڲУʱĹףûƮƣԲʯѹС
fֵĺ쳣ɫâͣŮеĻһԲʯߣȻֹͣ
Ľf治Ѱκαô࣬ϾϲˣԲʯһޱ޼ʲ˵ʵؼӲҪȡ땛ǲס
Ӣĺܼٳּ飬ȻҲˣڱ˽ôܲΪܿܰԿĵļ
ƮƲӢҪֻӶΧʯͷɻҳһɫꕛǰƮһ֣ꕛͬһɻأڷŮУӢջfꕛϸţΪڱϣܾܿܰ
ƮʵӢ㿴ҪҪҼţϣ
ӢҡͷûҪҪһ
İпϧѾкöĵرҪӢ⻰ˣûʵȷʵŹһûᣬʱӢȽϺãֻҪû׼ͬ⣬ûôֻ࣬뵽Ӣõꕛڻȥ飬
Ӣһޣûʡ
΢ЦǷ򸾴Ҳûطȥȥϣܰʲôæ겻Ӧñ仯ܴɣҶᵽ㲻ų켺縮޶ԡ²ˣȥ˾֪
ƮӢ飬ǤֻӶһʧҡ

һʮ 

Ӣص˷ˣĹԱڵӢ棬˫ܺ棬ͬʱ˫ԱܽţӢȻζҵꕛܿܰƿʼˣƺûֱӰ쵽չ
ӢȻûֱӽоңꕛ裬оҺһоܿܰһѧϰ߿Ƽ˵Ľչ
õꕛֱӷܿܰͷܿܰȻڳ˯üͷչˣ˵ꕛãӢıܿܰġ
Ӣõꕛڳɹһ룬һ뻹ҪŬµЩһֱоúܲͿƼвɺӵ壬߿ƼҲ㣬ʱ䣬һоҲǫ飬ֱӢμӡ
ӢȻԲоЩһֱ˼λָĨļ䣬кܶĵãͷԣϿʼɡ
һֻصоңӢ衢ӡ֣ϼϽڡƮƣоС飬Ӣˣˮ˼漰ļܣжһоӢġ
ǧˣӢҵꕛҵһЭһһоҪϣǧܶ࣬ϣƳһ𲽻ָܿܰļ䣬Ͻڳָ֣Ե⡣
豸Ͻڵһ˵˼ṩﲻæǰΪǰΣ磬ʵ磬ôΪ
ƮЭӢֻҪӢ룬ڼʱɣҪӢ֣˺ĵӦ֡
о淽ͻƵļ֣ϼҽѧͻƣСֳַ飬ֻĬ
һ֮ӢƵͣʵý׶ΣˣһоиھͿܷܿܰ
˯еܿܰоң֣ϼٶȽϣƮֻӶϹסܿܰͬʱܿܰϵķӡܿܰӳ˯˹漴Ϊͷʹüͷûǰôʹ࣬ꕛͷĸо
Ӣ磡ܿܰᵽǺӢԵúܼϾӢΨһˡ
Ӣû˵˵ͷ֪˵ʲô
Һ˯ˣλ˭ûܿܰƮƣʶʵ
Ӣһ衭
衭Ů֪ܿܰ۾һ֪ܶഫţ˭Ȼ֪ǴŮ֪
ЦʵûʲôʶҺܸˡ
ܿܰɫЩ죬һӢ㣬ǰҾ˵㣬Ҳϣʶ㣬λ˭һģ
ӢƮơ
Ʈƣܿܰһ벻иƮƣԭΪһªŻƮ
Ʈƽ͵ѣû
⻰ܿܰе㲻ţǰЩһ粻ǴָֻǰͰԣǿˣЦƯӢѶ
ҲܿɰѽӢһֱ㣬ҸĽԵЦ
ҡܿܰһ뵽ǰңʹ༫ˣҡͷʹ
ɫһǼĨǿмİļǹƮֻӶסܿܰԪܿܰ˯С
״̬۲ļѣЩ鷳Ӣղŵȫ¼ǴЩ֣Իָ֮ǰоΣɹռһ룬ָܻкܶ仯ܽܲˣҪǾˡ
֪Ӣܳأֻһ·ѡ񣬲ָܿܰԶڳ˯жȹָ󡭡ܿܰܲܽǶξ֪
ƮһµӢҿùڰ״̬ͬʱļʾ׶ε״̬ʹࡣ
ϲǾͺðˣҿ땛ӢǿĨȥǿмļ䣬ѹּ佻档
Ͻ̾벻ѧֽϷʽðɣָӼԱݴȡγɹǧˣܽһĿоǧ꣬ǰǼɡ
ǾͿʼҸҽල֣ϼܼܷͬɹǧоȡüͻƣ˲ĳɾ͡
оˣƮ΢ܿܰ״̬ϽָԱݣ֣ϼҽѧǶȼලӢԾҪĨļ䣬ԪꕛꕛͷųɫâסܿܰͷЭ衣
һаԭƻˣ˵ʱɹʧϼ

һʮ ʹ

ڴҵŬ£ǿмܿܰԲļ䱻ƮֻӶϹסܿܰԲһӢ˶ŵӢû˵ƺоҾһڵ϶졣
ҶһγԣĨ߲ѣöǺ޹˼ĨῼǵԱĨ߻ʲôǼһ֣ƫԭмɾ߽Ҽ䡣
ܿܰڰ״̬УӢû˸һĨԤϲĺֻӢܡ
ӢĿ֮һҧɾ
ƮƵͷû֣ǸӢٿǵʱ䣬ҲӢҪǷʣäĿ
ɾӢ࣬ѡֻһ·
ƮٲɣֻӹϹһǿмܿܰͷļ䱻ĨĨ֮һû˵ĺܽţɹʧˣĶţû𰸣ͬģ˭ӢĸԣʧܵĺʱӢʲôٶǼоǱ춯ص磬
ӢûǿˣԶּеݿ⣬ݿʾһԭƻûκηֱ𣬵ͷԭƻû룬Ӧóɹˡ
⻰һоڳƵлͣϽָԱٴμݡ
ӢŶƮƵͷԲ䡣
ƮٴϹһƬ̺ջϹ⣬Цܲǿмļ䲻ˣûӰԭļ䣬ͷʹԺ󲻴ˣ鹦ꕛȻ
󹦳ҡͷǴŬĽꕛȷʵǿмļĨ󣬺ûмⲿּ䣬ꕛĹ͡
ˮͳһоңһֱоȴûҴţϲԽ˽ǺܿܰС浽ѣȹܿܰˮǰϲܿܰôȥˣİûɫ෴
ӢҾ֪ܰ쵽Ȼˣ̫ˡһ֣൱ˣоҵĺ
ˮʵӢܿܰļңһǿм룬һǱĨһֱӡǿмһֳɹհ׵һָּܻ𣿡
ѽ̫ˣӢһҪָܿܰļ䣬֪ûܰܿܰӢΪġ
Ӣͷ֪ƻѾƶϿʼָĨļ䡣
̫ˣҾ֪Уÿĵġ
Ӣٴεͷûʲôܿܰļָܻܲڲ֪ʹָֺܶ⣬Ǵ򸮵νϾ⣬νǿмļĨνܿܰӢоԱҪ˵һ⡣
ˮһµӢȻܿܰڲͷʹ࣬Ҫٳ˯ˣǧһհףǰļհףܡ
ǵģҺܿܰ˵˵˺ǺǰˡǰСʱĽӡ
ӢͷԣҲûҪܿܰ˯ȥƮ̧𣬽ܿܰеķӡ
ܿܰӰ۾ǿмļԭм䲿ĨϺļ䣬ԵúܲӦʶҡͷһܳΣعԵܼҪԭͺĸԱ仯ܴԺԼò˼顣
ܿܰûˣ㲻֪Ӣ˷ܣû˵걻ˮֹˡ
ܿܰڻָǰͰıԣ뵽ԴӢ̬ȣܳԾԵ㯣ǵһѰӢΪɷ򱨳֣ɷǸôɷ
ΪĨȥļ䣬Ĩ˹ʶӢһΣɱϷμԺǿհףνӲϡ
Ӣ磬кܶ벻Ϊʲôܿܰʶʵ
Ӣһָɡ
ԣҵļĨһ֣ΪʲôĨǸܿܰ뵽˵Ӣ򸮣ʹǷס仹Ĩʱûȥ룬ˣӢָľ
ǸĸӢɱȻÿɱһΡ޵ҧгݣ̲סҲ룬ɱһξ͹ˣÿɱǸǸˡ
Ӣ硭ܿܰʶеһˣôӢ磬벻Ҹĸأ
ſڣɵۣٱҲ֪ܿܰμ䱻Ĩˣڽνܼͣ򵥵޷˵
ǰôˣôû⡭ô˵ܿܰӢϿȥϣ˸
ʶӢͿӢô˵ˣȻӢһʯһûҪ͵ӡ

һʮ ĳɹ

ĲּҪָ
ܿܰ˺ܾӢ˵һ仰ܿܰڵĸԺºͣüͷûʲôʡ
ǴСһ𳤴ܿܰ㻹ǵ𣿡̽Եʵ
ܿܰ飬⻰ʵģҵȻǵǣСǾͰңôǣѵǰˡˣҺһμУǺİ
ֲ֪ô˵ʣûӢڣû˼ɻ˵Ӣڣ֪˵˻ʲô
ܿܰҲûƽϣ˼Һ븸ĸȥˡɫһ䣬뵽ǴθӢȥòԺأӢʱµȵȣһĻĻĿĸĸˣҲˣʶ˸еһʲô˶ҵӡһҪŪΪʲôʲôˮ֪
ˮЩƹXκľܿܰԣһµܿܰҪˣӢղ˵ˣļһοհףָ֪ˡ
áܿܰٶʣкܶҪú룬Ȼ˵ȥһǧ꣬˵ոշǰ
ˮûųˣܿܰʳԻش⣬ӢǲƻӢļƻӢĲ죬ܿܰкô
ƽ⣬ЦҪô࣬ûʧȥЩѣ˼뷢仯һжû䡣
ֺܿܰܲӦǰ뷽跨ĹȣϹλãڿûκ壬ҡͷҪҹЩǰˣôҵӢ硭ںң֪ʲôǰҡܲãҲ֪ΪʲôԲ𡣡
ûʲôӢûϣҲںܿܰԸٵûҪʲôЩһ췴Լȥˡ
ܿܰ˼׷ףͷһЩЩ̬ȾǲʧȥӢӢ뿪Ƿĵһֺ£޷ȻӸӢ뿪ǣ֮һϵҸ
ЦǲǵιҪؼſһЩ뷨ʹһҪģӢܹ㣬ǶĽ
ܿܰʱͷصǰƮƣʶλ⻰˵һˡ
ҡͷˣ㣬һĸ磬˭ܱȵ㡣
ܿܰһЦûٷһ˼Ӣ磬ڡʲô
ӢҪָհ׵ļ䣬ָܻܲڲ֪ҪԹ
ܿܰͷллӢ磬ָ˲ҪָĨļû˵Ӣһϴҵġ
Ͻڵ漣绹ڵ򣬻ָĨļ䶼⣬ǵĸоˣοĪһѹرˣ̲סǾͿʼӢ㻹ǰѹأϡ
ӢͷͬˣϽڴϲָоҼԱݣ軹ǿꕛƮƼǿԪӢ֣ϼӵ˵Ҫָݡ
һ׼֮Ӣ԰ѹظ땛ʾȷĨļۼٴӺۼָֻܿܰļ䱻Ĩ֣岿֣ļ֣Ҫָ֡
ӢȷۼݣƮֲϻӶγɵļܿܰհ״땛ԭмӺϡ
Ƭ̺Ӣͷˣʱֹͣ룬ܿܰղļӡ𣿡
ܿܰͷУСʱˮһһμ䣬ڴ۸ңˮ鼸淴ڴˡ
Ӣϵɫˣоûйɺ̤ʵ
ǳɹˡɹˡϽ񾭰ĺ漴ʵԱźУоҼҪˡ
ϲԽ찡Ǻ䶯Ĵ£ǾȻɹˣԺ󣬻ָĨļ䲻⣬û뵽гɹһ졣
֣ϼһܼҪڵϣһ䶯磬ҽѧ漣
ӰиּϹоңʲô¶ǣϢˣˮͳٴηء
ϲǰǰᵽйؼ£㾭˵ʲôп԰ϲȷʵΪܿܰеˡ
ܿܰЩ죬ʧȥ䲻ôãڸеԺϾЩ߶֣æǰˣҪ˵ǹҲǰǰָֻš
ʦЦǿˣҲ֪ЩϹԸͽûܣҲûȤιְλƱʱһвǻȻ뿪ҸطĹû˹УҲԴЩ¶㣬Ƕ˭Ҳ
ܿܰһȷʵŲЩ¶ȷʵԸⵣʲôԵúΪѡ
ͨӳЦΪѣЩϹﲻᷴԹ˭ҲΥһ뿪ʹ뿪ԶǵĹѵˣ򣬹ԱܵһΪΣҪϡ
ЩϹһĲһһ߽縮ôܷܿܰжΣζʧȥӢûӢ߽縮Щѣͨӳ̵Ļ˵ǳΪߣûʲôȻ˵ĺܿʵûӢЩϹŽŹֻ֣Ӣܿȫ֡
ӢûȰ˵ܿܰƾЩϹ˷ˣһֱȫ뿪Ӣ˲ָֻܿܰļ䣬һƷܿܰԲĨĺۼлָ

һʮ ڼ

ʱȥˣо˵Ŭ£Ϊܿܰ˼ָʱоһӼеŬûа׷Ѫ
ȻܿܰżָãΪָеľҲӢĸĸͻ޸絶
ܿܰ˸Уܺãֵĳ侲ǰڻʲô˵ģһвԸɣȴйϵ
Ӣܿܰһ£ܿܰڰοֻ飬ûܿܰı䡣
ƮƵ˵Ц̸ܿܰģŮܿͳ˺ѣͬ׽ãܿܰٹĹȵ£ûЩߵĴһǿ뿪ɫƤĸ£ҲϰˣԸ뿪
죬ӢģŭͣܿܰĪЩߵµĽܿܰʹӡ
ĹĹԱڵȵһ죬ȲѸϵңڼΪˣϣĽǧ˫ϲˣӢٲ棬ᱻ縮߽
ԱҪУˮ顢Գᰡɺϧ𽡢罿˫诡漷ơˮšҢѹӡӡ֡Լιӡƹӣ5ΰӣ6ƹӡ湫ӡ׵ӡùӡοܹӡ칫ȡ
ĹȹԱҪУ桢ȡǡͨӳ̡ӡơɽʿѩŮˡȡ
ˮҲֱӽܵ㶦ʵ縮ȻŴ֣УСǣЩ֮˻ʵ縮ʶǰĹ㣬ڻĸУвͬʱǱǰ˼ٱֱ粢򻹺ǰһֳɣһҪһҪء
ԳӿڵǱǶҪϽ縮ǲʵʵϴҶڵ棬X
滺XЩһֱ㣬ûҴƹʱںܳ죬ҪȥҪ縮һ仰ġ
ӢһֱţʵҲЩ˵˵û˵޷ǵ棬Щ˵Ȥƣǧ꣬ϣи
һ鱨Ƚ⣬˫߲Աˮ͸ֵˣ˹ܲ鱨Ӣʲô˭Ҳ֪
ƹӵͷ꣬鱨Աճȥ£֮󣬽ӵϾǾֵ飬һֱû
ӢܺãӦô֪
ƹһ˵ζʲô˵ȻƵԺ󻹻ᷢһ˼ȻΪʲô鱨ԱȥͳأЩ鱨ԱʹڲǸ߲ԱҲ֪ûɳ£ֻһԭǾڲй¶Ϣ
⻰һöʱըڻҺǰҽǻɣǿ϶鱨Щ죬鱨൱׼ȷд
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ֵϹѾ˻ɶǾǵ߾ų죬ǾΪ¾칫һ칫ĹȣַˣЩϹﹻסģȲ칫Ҳ˵һǲ˭ӡ
ƹӻ׷鵽ѻϣ鱨Ա֮󣬻һõϢˣ鱨һʼ̱ŹϾ鷳Ҳ˵ڲлˡ
ʱŻԶվôҿҪҵ
㿴ңҿ㣬޹ӡ
ӢɫһܺãʱˣϵûУɼʧܣƹӣԵˡ
һļΪš
ƹӵͷӣ㲻鱨׼ȷԣɡ
תƵӢϣԵú⣬ԱΪϹ˳鱨Ϲﶼ죬ûԤϵ
Եú޹Ӷ֮ǰκûϵ̤Ϸѽ縮ĵ·ԭһƱȣϾɷ̫ǿҲȷʵý縮̫ʧҳͽ˵ϸû㹻֤ݲҪ˵Ҳºܶ˻Ϊµսľ
Ӣͷеƹӣʲô֤ķڷ
ƹһӣ̾û뵽侲Ҳ˿ˣ򲻽ߵ£пƼҲϾͨѶΪʲôαҪˮģðɣķڷ
һ鱨ԱҵԴĻĻϳӵӰ˽»ȵȣ˳ԾǣӼ棬ӴϢĹ̵ȵȣҪǣ̸ֽһ֤ݡ
ƹЦǰϺܵȡ֤Ȼϣ㾹ȻǻʦܣҲ㣬Ȼ硣
ͻȻ䣬ӰȥӢһЦ޶ԣӢհ˻ҡ

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ˤ칫ңڵϰʮͯ棬ΪܣЦδСʹʮͯκһ֣Щϼһĸ֣Ӷš
ӢһֱܿأʹǻˣӰҶĿ϶ǣղŵıȷʵʧûӦеĳе
ӴʱʧȥյϾȷʵС㣬Ȼʧܣ޻˵·ϵˣԶһ𡣡
Ӣҡͷ⻰ˣ˭˶ҲҪ㲻ûܿܰĹ¶Щ¶ܿܰиѪܻС
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Ӣ벻㵽ʱˣĻвңʮӣʵʮһӽԺʵʮӡ
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ܿܰɫܻңЦ磬֪ΪҪٵ磬ǣܶ޹ģô¶ǶܿУڲˣֶܶ磬˺㣬ôΪܶ࣬ܣǿЩãʵϲЩֻҪˣ׸
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ʮͯ͹ҶȫԸܿܰԪͼȻܿܰӢΧ䱸͵ϮƮעӣûᡣ
Ӣ۾Ǹ֣ƮƵָ֪ʶԨ޷ܿܰˣͿܿܰĶһ磬Ե뿪磬Ǹ棬ˣ̫ɵˡ
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Ӣҡ
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ӷ𣡡ĴȺҲˡ
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Ӣʱû˵ʲôȫԸɢ£ΨҶƣŰĸ
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ƮҡͷˣӢûκιϵ
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