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ʵҵѾˣȻһƣȻûԼǣҿĽҿĸһ׵Ľѡ20꣬ÿ춼ڳҩܾһûһʹʹĹȥġ
ҵԼ˵ʹʹ࣬Ҳ㲻ʲôҸҵܸĸһЩοʹࡣҵڳ֮ˣȫ˷ˡҵĲԶҲûкõһģصʱͱΣ΢ʱҩ
ˡûѣûп֣ҲûҶκι׺ͺۼеֻԶ͸ĸ㲵
ҵǸĸģҲԼϣⳡھͰҴߡᷢ£㷢á
ҰϧϧÿһݣÿһҶԼѾϣֻϣһ
ҾںڰУ򵥶һǽ˰ɣ
ںڰ˲֪ãƺһһµģʮֽһֱĽడţҡģôģö𣿿һʶѰһǲܻ޷۲졣ôôأ
Ū⣬һʮָˣһƬڰܹһԴԴϵҾʮְġҵʶߣѡһһȻǲܽҲ֪֪֪ҵĴڡµôãֻǾúܰο͸ˡ
ܹоһЩˣȻһǿҲ֪֪һܰȫůĵطԣůҾůȻҲ֪оǴӺζġƺоһ˫֣ҵΧḧϸ˰⡣ҾʮҸʱҸĸолҵʶʱ˯ʱѡ
ֱһ죬Ҹоһ˿ԣǸоǿҸоߵůţҺܾţǸҾŵǣǸһֱҲԶңȻûˣûһˡ
ƺӤĿ˺ϲүǸүǸǸճ
ʱһƬӣһ˶ﻹһӡ
Ҹоڱĵطѹͨ˼Ϣͨ뿪֮ǰһֱŵĵطо˴ƬĹϴʹĸо̲סſڳȴӤϸ׵ĿһӤˣͶ̥ת
ҸоůİȻһ˫ȵñšղĺۣ˯һˡҾ˯ߡ
˸ղŵһңѾˡӤŷСϡΪŮӲͷϵĺ顣Ͼǵڶ̥ˣǺѡ
Ӷ𣿡Ůʡ
ӵͷţõġĺ׳ЩҲСǸСһ㣬ҲССģﱻ۸ˡ΢Ц˵
ŮڷǾͺãĩأ
ղҪܵܣϢϢȥˡ
ŮЦţĩˣ˵ܵܣȻܸˡʹɡ
ӵͷϢɣۻˣû뵽һξҰǱȥҪӰϢ
뿴ǣӽɣǾͶˡٰᡣ
ӵͷȥˡf
˯ʱ򣬵һ۾ҲԺڰ֮󣬵һθоҵĴڣܹоΧһСҵûбѹʹоһжܺáҿԼѵġСС֡ĺСֱ쵽ŰǺһЦСǲǶˣôԼˣҵ־ͱһֱֻӴ˳ȻұССҸоڸ߿ҡһеͷΣɵúµı۾Цִ洫˹С£úأȥԷˡ
ȻҾͱһĻ˫Ҿþںڰо˫֡
ȻͿʼԷˡͲˡӤζǷǳɿڵġ
ӳԱˣҵͷԿʼתͶ̥ˡôûһͶ̥ļ䣿ֵ֡ǣͶ̥˹ŴǴ·СֳƺӦòˡ
û뵽һˡǽģ˺͸ж顣ֺ͸ղš֪һĸĸһͬҡҵȥһѹҺûнչǡ
극Ժҵ˾Ͱҷ˴ϣСȵתתͷԱҲһӤ
Ǹҳɣҵĸ磿Ǹںڰһֱҵ㻹۾Ҳֱңֱֵۻѽӵģѽѽġҳ극֮ľˣӤˡı۾˯ȥˡ
Ů˯ȥӤʣô
ûУһҶӡ
ǺǡŮЦҪ밡
һҶòã
ҶôҶСҶ



ҸоʲôڴҵԱ߻ӤĿҵġС硱ˣץסĶ۾һСѵԴ
Ӹڷ߹ĩ۸ܵˣ
ûУĩܾܵܵܵͿˡָָԱߵġС硱ϻ˯ŵӤѲ޲Źء
ָָңܵܺãޣץҵءΪұͲСӡ
ϲϲǸ޹ָص
ЦĩСʱǸ޹أĩ۸ܵܣҪܵ棬ܵܣø硱
ҵƶǶĵͷʱѾҵС磬˯ȥˡҺģ쵽ֱ˳
ǸĺӣڴңĺСŶĬǰҲôС𣿡
ţҶǰͳ󡱣ָָС磬Ϊ׶ԶôСġ
ţҵȽСֻҪǽģҾͺˣǿ׳Ҳûϵ
ԭ۸ܵܣСѻӻֱߵ˵
ҲСӰҲ֪ءԺĩҪúչ˵ܵѽ
СְצˣæץסǺ۵ġҲ̫ҵȭͷպסСѵһֻʳָ
СҲٶˣֻǺţţˡ
飬Ȼ⣬ССĲ̫ҵĿƣԣĲҵĴ

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ССӤÿǳ˯˯˳ԡһǳ˫֣ůĻдÿ춼ң˯ʱҲ滺ҵġʱһȥߵӤߵʱҲ̫ޣÿѽѽģ˵ҲӤԡԼһҲѽѽġ
Һϲ׺͵ϴ裬ϲķңůˮõϣˣÿҶҪþáҲұȽϰˮÿθСϴˣٶ׼һˮ档⼸Ŀǰֵʱˡ
Ҳ̫ϲҵΪ֣ô֡Ӥھ޴ˡûƯһҲ̡ÿζܾھֻС̣վɿ׵Ļţܲ
׵ҵĶͷСĥ˾ССģôˡ˵˵ԼЦˡ
ҵС磬ޣû취Ҳȳӣʱһ°ɡС˸ǸСûһܿӣԵĿˡͳԷĴҶˣһܳɸ׳᳤̣ǸӰɣҲ˸
ΪˣС̺аҹһ㣬ĻҡŻҾˡ
ŷ֣Ǻܻ۵ˡҺ͸ѧʱ򣬺ò׷ſһһҲ۵ģͰַȥȻЦĿǼŬǺֵܹһˣ
ѧʱҲǣȻǽ粻Ҫ۸ǣǴһߣԼϾ۸ǡôһ𣿸ͱŵˡұĲ붯СͱŪˡֱһ٣ǻá
ǻˣڴϺ͵̺ȥģҲһЩͲ˹ĵ߳ˡܱûкðɣοСϲңϲңҲϲߣҶˣ͸棬ȻȥһȻҸ׳ãԺ԰Ҵܡ
ȥԺ󣬴͸ϲˡϲŶǣСǱŪޡǵܵܵܵܵĸߡ
ȵҳһʱҵһ¾ǱָȻҧźҲϻҧǵģûֳôӲʲôҵʹˡҷ߷߲ƽȴ쳣˷ܵıȥף㿴ˣղŻҧˡﻹ͸ŽҧǶô˷ܵ顣
˷ܵİСָƺڴҲҧһڡһʲôֱҧϣţȵˡҧһۣΪ޻Цҧúġ
ȵҺСײײѧ·ʱǵһյˣҲӭˡץܡĴ¡֮ǰ˺ܾãԼʲôǾ뵽˵ɡҲץʲô˵Ķõߣò˸壬һҪúõĿĴǧء
˺ܶأ֪ԭҼҲǲ˵ļءܻõةࡣѽôѾةˡ
Ķˣǵͬǡмĵ̺ϰ˶īֽ⣬ӡߵȵȡСȥһѡ˽Ҫ䣬ܸˡ֪ѡ߻֬ʲôģ᲻ѵǲҪģӡ鷳ҲҪȥûʲôõģëʡѧĻɣҰţҪҲõ̫ʧӡȻҲܸˡ
Һ͸һһ䣬Ȼˡr
ˣҾʹСм飬ϱӴûпĵһҪҲ棬ϧѾҪˣÿҪд֣ÿҾСȥÿϴ굽ºʹʱ򣬶ɽһһġ֮Ǿڵ۶ܳˣ˶֪ةฮħǣӲ
ʵ̫ԩСˣСֻǺʵĸҰˡСҸرãȻû˫ӵӳҵȥСС׳׳ӱңиӡÿγңĶҵá
ʵǵΪҲûжǰڸӽѵһ°ˣѾֵʵǺӵġǰҲʵڱôһǱŴģԣһǵģǵĴûҵĴǺǡ
ԺǧһЩߣָҺСһֻСڴʱϸĿǣܰĵĶˡأ磬û취ຣˣȫЩֵѾͷĶ֡
СС׻ͦȤģҺСעÿιԷϴ裬ֺԺܡǳˣСҲɴˡҺС糤ˣǽˣǵȤҲͱˣѾͷǱѵĸȫˡ
꿪ʼ￪ʼǣһ֣ʱ䶼档ҵͯĹúҸ
ʱҲʼҪˣʱ۶ûʲôҽħǣҰ˺һӡǸ˸ݵĴ壬ҺʣСӣбҪҪ
彲κȤ˺ܶºʷȻٽд֡ÿΪ´кùҺС綼ʵʵѧϰˡѶдǰҼʹʶ֣ڻǴ㿪ʼġ
۶˶ܾô徹Ȼܹշʵʲôշģ¾ͿˣЩ˲ú庢Ӱˡ
ûǳץܵʱѡ䣬ͬʱҲ˸ʦǸ˵ӡͷѾ˴缸ˣ꼶һѣһѣһرˣ˵ѣպÿһűȽӲʵ书뵽Ժ˲ǷһǸӲӣ;úܸˣҴһ䡣
ôͷ˵첻㣬̫书ˡһϴ辭˵ǿԸ˵Ľڹ֪Ҳû˭ԹֻǴǰģҲ֪ûãҵҪҪ
˵ȻܴʲôƷǿԽһṦҸ˼ˡѧѧ书νֲܾһУѾ˽壬㲻ҲûʲôźġһѧṦṦַȥǿޱȣ׵ĶܰҸˡ
ԼǸʲôϴ辭˵㲻ѧ䣬ܸҲǺõġҲԣ綼ںͷѧ䣬ʣԼǺ𣿲һ֪ѧҲ͵һ·Ʒ֪ûнʮ
Сѧһ׽Ȼ֮ǻѧڹṦеѨʲôġÿ춼úأҲУкǱȽϲͷһṦҲһѨϷʲô⣬ҿɲô࣬Ҳϲһĸо
һ᲻ģҼ죬ҸûзϣҼ䡰ʲôģͷˡô˵ҲϽأȻԼĶǺõġ
һ㣬Ҿ䳡Ľ̯Ǳϴ辭ϰ̥ǵĶʦҲҡ֮ȷʵþ棬Ŀͷרϰ
糤ˣѧ˼䣬ҼڲϣԺӵܡʱҲҺͳ³ȥרýųԣԼöζ治ʱҲ񵰡ԵǶˡΪСҲûбѵǾͲˣĻ£ҲҪ浹ù

3
Ǽд֣͸йȥˡ
ʱԽԽãҾûôˣôṦﶼģϷϣ˵Чءһֱҽϣϲ뽹ġһ߿ͽ겻ҲܺúʱͻСȥ棬Ǹӣͻ䳡ˡ
£ͲͣǱȫ˾Ͳ֪ǱӵȥˣţһοʱˣʦҲⱾ飬ҪͲˣһҪȫĬ
䳡Ҵϰ˯ţ˽ԷϰϰҵĽУٶȺⱾȻ⼸̥ǵĸоӾرὡȫһֺ͵ĸоҵĳҲԽԽݰƤ͸ˡ
еɥ綼Ӣһ֡Һͳ˫̥ȴף۷һ֣һҲûУûŮĵиµѾʲôģҵŮһĳ谮
ȻҲҵء
⹫Ṇ̀ÿμƵһҲèƵġǼңһЦúͺƤƵģҽСÿ⹫ˣͰӳȳ
ҵṦҲСˣٿϺͷȥôˡȵǳ˼꣬ڿʱ뿪ˣҲ䳡˳СϷߡ
׿ҳ˼껹ûжԣˮķ棬ĥĥҵӡǰҴûʹԱﻵˣû˹ܻô̵ס
˸ʦÿʱҾѧҲ֣һ𻭱Իֽʱľƽˡ
һ꣬һֱںͻʦѧe
ڶʦʼġһЩ˵Ʒȴϲġϲ԰ҵĴСףæµˣѾͷҵĵĸʦԽϤˣҾܻԽһʱͶ룬Χһ㶼ˣеľֻǰͱ£ҺĹ̡
ʦ̾˵ֵˣ˵ѾûʲôɿԽ̸ˡʣµľҪԼ۾ȥ۲죬Լȥܡ
Ҳãڼ֮⣬кܶܶøоȥĶΪ׻һȴ̧ͷչһЦһȴкʹǶչֵᣬԼڻʱ׵Ͱ⡣
κһˣԿ˺ͻ֮ĸ飬ԺҪ׷̽Ķ
֮رжѻǵԷ૵˵ԭץë˼˵ôôһء
ͷߡ
綼Ծҵģأٺ⹫ҲˣȵҸФ񣬼ֱҪӯˣһֱ˵ûҡ
Һͳ12һ꣬Ѿ˾ӣ˻һʲôȱҪϰˡ𿴴ô͵书ʱһ⿴Ҳ͵ӣǴĵҲǿһֻ꣬ȥٸպʺϡƽȥһŵӣ˵Ѿýˣܾˣ˵ٵȼꡣڷ׹ˣʮųףҪǷִ顣
ý֮˺ü죬֪ǲǺˣӦòᣬͺ͵һǺ꣬ôẦߡ˼죬ֱҸĻɫת磬ഺڰô֡
κѵӣ㲻ҲôöˡĽǳҺϲΪҵʱȸǶˣҲ˺ܶȤ鿴һϲߴϻ߷Ͽ顣Ṧ֮󣬾Ͳáˣķȥ
ʦҲܸˣȻҲʺ䣬ṦȴñȸǶҪáҲԻǲΪұȽᣬ⣬̫ˣŷɲġ
ҵҲһֱܺã֪ǲǾãЩҳԽƯ˴ʱõǲ̿ӣٺ١
ʱȫһԷ£ڡŷȻͨ˵˿ˣ˵ǵĺѡ֣˭ﲻڼúùȴܵ˼ҵģˣð
˺ƣ͵һǸ˧磬Ÿʹ͵ˣ绢Ľһˣ͹΢֪ǻϼ٣ʧԶӭˡҲֻȫ
һѷûм֪ͨ䣬Ҳһʱ⣬̫ôڵġ
æӭλַԸϲˡһͺͻϲ֪˵Щʲô˵ĺܿĵӡ
Ҳʶ̫ӵģǲͣһûһĺšԱ΢ЦţҲ˷ܵӣһμʵ۰Ҳе˷ܣû뵽ʵۺ͵ͣһˣһҲղһ˵
͵͵һղײҺȵĹ𻨾ƣ͵͵ﵽ԰ȥȥ¡ֿϣôúȵĹ𻨾ơģ׷˵һСȣǰʹûƣڳˣζ治ҲԲ
ˣʵۻںةຮѣ˵ӻһѾ˳ǧҪһﻭҲҺͻʶʶʶɡ
ҲңСϲЩնѣϲ΢ͽԡһ̧ĻõӵӰӣεı鸡ϡ
ϣֲ̰֪ܵȥˣȥҡ
ǰ˵ةฮʲô˫ħǣԭԲǿѨ簡
ة΢죬æȥң̫Ҳվ˵ͬȥ͸͸
Ҷĩҵϲǿֻ˶ƺѾ˯ˣϻһվƺССĹһƬɫŨܵĽë۾ϡһߣ˫˫ű˯㣬¹ϵСɡ뵽߻˺Լһ棬Ҷĩûķ꣬ķԽԽˡתͷ̫Ҳ۾һգգĶϵС˶ϾͲдšҶܸȤ⼸ˡٿȥҲ´лŵҶĩֻվѡ
С˶˯ò죬ʵ۾½ɵչһЦ
磬ôˣe
ղһ̣ɢĹѾ˵һټչһЦĲɷƫƫֺǸ㽿꣬ΪŮҡ
ȥأµϰߵſ˫֣׼ꡣҲԥɼѾΣĳȫȫΡ
˸ĻβܲڸϡģҲϰߣͻ̫ӸһǸ̫ӿ棬һڡ
Ҷĩŵܵߣֱſڲŷϸϸ·Ƥͷͷڸȥˡ̫ͥԺַһҲȥˡ

4
һ΢΢ڴȥˡ΢΢ҾúҵһССĿܣҲҺл顣ȥ֮󣬰ݹ˻ʵۣЦҸղʲôȥˣʵˣͷΪһ
ڴһŻƽʱõĻʺͻֽűʿʼ۲ٺ壬۾䡣һɣĸо˿ƣƺһ֮ĳһ˲ܵ־±ٹٳݵĸоڵıܷɣһ飬ҴϰϻǺȻӡץ־ʰһ㡣ãԶˡҿʼ±֮󣬱ʲôҲܴңֻǲͣ±ʣ̧ͷ۲죬ʱҵĲ֪
˿ȴȫͬĻ棬ղǸһƤ꣬Իʵ۵ʱҲǷӡһõʣʾͱˡ棬רע˷·Ψһˣ˲ȥǿơةѾϰһĻʱ򣬾Ա߾ţҲ̸һμŵĻʵۺͻ̫ӲЩˣʱһĴʦһ࣬棬רעʲôҲоȫǴļ顣
ܱһһҸ飬ʵﰵ룬רעִһߣƷôѾֵñˡ̫ĿղŻޱȵֱ꣬Ȼרʱ̡Ҳ룬ռеĿ;ͻȻԼôңɼ£һ侲˰ס̫ӣةӣȷңɼңɼ
ڴ˻óЯӡ£ϡ̧ͷԾȴҵһЦˡ
Ȼ˿Żʵۺ̫Ӻ͵һеˣһԵĳϢʵۺ̫ӿǷ۾þò뿪˺ܾãʵ̾˿ãá޵ЩʦһҲȲ㣬û뵽һССĺӣȻܻôࡣúðة̵úöӣˣ͡
˺ܶණңʵǷŻ̫ȥˡݵ˵ʵ۰Ƿ鷿ֱǻ氡
ȻЩٹǶ󻭣Ҳţʵһּ˭ҲȥةฮҶͻ˭ҲʥּԭŶǺʥּءҵľΪʥּҵĻǮˣԺβˡ
Ķ֮ҿʼҳȥҲ뵽Щ羰ܺõĵطȥɷ磬뿴綼ԶԳȥֻң˵Ҳ书ֳ̫㣬ǲÿγŶö˸š
ڴӦóһȥҲֻǿԼˣʦý̵Ҳ̵òˡǶǸһɽˮĵطȻһԱ䡣˸һ󻭰壬Ҳǰ˻ͻΧķ羰ĵطҺͳ㼣
ȻСֵ֣Ĵ֡Ѿˣ֡
ϢʱҲһȥڵʱ򣬾ǾԱ߿Ҿرİġ
ҾͺɽɽķҶá𻭱ʻԶķֽ֣϶һƬƬǳǳĺɫˡ
ȵ˱ʣ̧۽и磬ȴ綼˯һԱиŰµЦҡ
˭Ҹôˣüͷʡ
ҽ½Ϊ粻ҹ㻭ҰǶŵˡЦ˵
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û˵ҲǽˣҲ书ѾһԷҸôҪô˸ǡ
ѽҪȸˣʲô֡еңҪƭϣĽҩܻʲô
ᣬвңüҽҶҾھǡ
ԭǸʦҶ룬һϣһһ
ôҿҪɽ̫ܿͺˣż
ӦˣһȥġһҩۣԼʧˣǼ̾ѹ
ǸˣĵļȫҲӡ
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ȥ֮󣬴绹һһʮ˵ˣȻ˵˽½֮󣬳Ծ˰졣ԭǸ½ǽһǳ书ҩöΪҲаǸѲ
͸粻ҪģȻúõΪ˶˵ûʲô⣬ֻʱˡ
ʹͷϣǰɣǲҪȥˣڼɡõ˽ۡ
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һôѾˡҲˣ绹дĿء
ǵģҾ㡱΢΢Ц˵ôϢɣҸ˵žͷɳȥˡ
ô˵ĺøжһ㡣ͷ˯ȥˡ
Ȼ½ÿζʱ֣ÿξͺ˵һ仰ȻߵˣǸˡ
һʱ򣬽ŲرأɫҲܲ԰סʶôãǰͲǺˣеƵġ
ôˣɫôѿԼǴôҩż˵
ǺǣˣЦ˵ҩѾԹˣҪܺء˵žһߣû÷ɵġ
סˣȥһ˯
ҵĻһϲһڣ¶ı飬Ͱһһô
ԼǴ𣿡üͷı黹ˣǺðɣҲ£˯Ҫҡ
˴һӰԼȻ·ϴһһӣм仹һЩյ˯ʱ˹Ҹо΢΢
ĶͷˣҰҵıҲϣԼҲȥãһšоҵ£˹֫õıסҡҾ˯ȥˡ
½ѹɱǸ϶Ϊĸ˳𣬿ǻǲС˰㣬ѾûˡͷӤһ꣬˯ءߵʱЦҲɣССꡣ
λǺ˱ӣȥˡ

5
½ѾˣߵĴ̺䣬˺ܾõӡȻкö춼ûг֣뵽岻ӣе΢΢ĵġ뵽Ǹҽ书ҲͰⵣķˡ
Ҹ˵ǣҵĳŽڽˡҲǵʹ翴ûʲô鷢Ҳʶǰһʱÿʱ̫ˣ׺͵ҲǳȥʮµĲųȥһλ
ƽվڼ飬׻гȵʹ³һһԷȲ衣ʱҲǳȥ棬ȥ˵ģߵҰտʲôġ
һһڷϿ飬һѾͷȥ˵˿ҡôпˣѵ󻭵ģûסôȥԺĳһ֪ʲôˣҺһȥ
Ҳ·ͷһˡ
Ȼ½ôˣ
ʹɫģǻ黳ϴε£ǶǺ꣬ûаѲϡҺĳûôϳˣһŭֱӿϣʲôܳÿ
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ϳ֣İһ£תͷһۣܿ½ҽ֪Ǽʲôôֻ˵Ļ治ҲǼģƽʱҲϲŭɫӣֻкҵİΣйص²ʧ˷ִ硣Ҹղһ£Ͼ˽ڵƣʹҲǲ̫ԸѲҽʲôԩŽҳͰɡ
ʲô𣿡ңȻô衣綼ڣٵˡ
ϴβǴӦһˡеԵʣҲûеѾΪϤ¡
üͷҡ
ҵͷϴҪģͬˡ
֪ʲôͬģüͷĸˣɫҲÿһָֻڳĻȦȦ֮һĬǰտʼʱΪ͵ѧóʱĸ꣬ڿҵʱÿʱҾ֣СϻȦȦڵѾܽСˣΪսԭĶǼӡǵϰȴûбÿôܺܿİҲǡѾɫ糣Ŀˡ
ǣųվԣ½ȻӦûʲô⣬粻Ҫġĵ˵ɫһ㣬ͷ
תͷ½˵ȻӦ㣬ȻҪΪ㻭ġھͻ?
Ҳﻭһ羰õĵطѱҲ뻭𣿡ƤҪ
ҲʲôܲҪ󣬷ҪģðɣҪѡȫĵط뿪۶̫ԶǲȥģҳҪһȥ
ͷǵȻˡ
Ȼ͸ȥˡȴҪԵ͸ĵġ½ϸ鷳Ǹ˥
Ǻܵĵӣܿ½ûʲôɣҼȥˡǴ罻Ұ죬Ȼֽ˳졣ųְֺ죬چ²ȥˣҵĶͷ㣬εȥˡ
һִӶóӸ⣬ԵһңĲرӵȴܴһ裬ĵĳԶ죬Сʱÿһ졣ڴȻæˣǳպһµһĺø簡
ģ½ʹҺͳȥΪʵϾڻ羰ͳڶԴ򣬻ȥԣȻֿԳһտ
ÿҪʱ˵羰ã䲻ҡ˵ҪһΡʵȥЩطѾˡҲȥ￴ʲôʲôֺ½˶á
ةฮ½ĵܿûˣΪƤЦʱ򣬾һŵˣòӢǴةฮ˭ʲôһҩͺˡҲӡöˡ
ˣϴСײ֪͵ʲôӣҲκõġû뵽ְҽ
ҲǺ֮󣬽˷ٴдˡ
Ǵ绹ǲ̫ϲǵģпյʱҲһȥ裬ǾԱ߿һҺܰġʱʱ򣬲ŲԼᱳʹֱһܽסңҰ࣬ˡ

֣Ϊ̫ӻʸҪˡӡẠ̊́ͼǵʹͲ󣬿ͻͬ۾ϢСϢһҵĶ䣬ת۾Ͳˣûʲôϵ
һȴһΣ˵̫ӽҽΪһü֮е߹ȥ䣬ôˣ
û£е֣ôͻȻأͷҡ
֪ŶҲ֡Ҫģǻ𣿡Цſ
ͷȥˡҾǶΣ̫ӵĶ̫ӾҪ飬ϲֹ˺񡣹˴ưƣȴ˸ԺſڣվſڣʾԼȥ
ŻĹʯС·ߣվڳԱͤǸ˵ıӰҪȴûһϲ⣬ذ׵վӰ˵Ĺ¼š
ˮͤϵˮеټµıӰҺ뻭
žͰѻȡˣѸٵĶ˲֪ʲôһҲֱһӦù˺ܾˣ֪᲻ҡ̧ͷȴѾ⵽ǰĿڣˣ
ĵͷʵÿ껭ûʲô˵һֱһıӰҾĹµֱ׵İǰðʱҲûôֻ࣬ҪڵҲˡ
ôţ̾˿ȡǷʰûߣҵߡôãûп԰бˣһҲûС
ҴһС棬ϰЩŵľƲˣﻹźֻǲ¶ˡǷϣֿ
Яҵڷ˰ɣԵ㶫ϲĹ𡱣Ὺڡ
Ҿеͷԣô֪ϲģϾֻôһΣ׾Ͳˡ
ֹ֣һǼ֮֮ʼԷţ̫ҺȵĹܷܲҰɣҿʼԶ΢΢ЦҲԱĺȾƳԲˡ
֪ҾҪ𣿡ͻȻʡ
ţ֪֮ɫԥһ£㲻ϲǸ𣿡ֿʼˡ
ֻһ棬̸ϲϲ˵ССͣҲ֪ʲôϲιҵıӡ
Ҵ˴ôǵضһֻм˲ġϲǰû̸ǿ磬еⲻΪʲôô壬ֱе㲻ϲƵĸоԴһǲʲôϲɣ˵ڵĻžͺܺˡ
ҡҡͷҲʲôϲʵʵĻش𣬡㣬Ͳµ˰ɣһղŵıӰ
Цһ£ѾһϲˣֻҪңȴȢҪȢһҸͲʶˡе㱧ԹƵ˵
ͻ˵˵ͬȢϲһҿյ˵ô֪ԸˣҲô˵ġ
ʲܻӦ̾һϲ˸ʲô֪ΪŬûУǲǺûãЩҡ
ᡱҡͷʼҵ±⣬һδĻʵôܾƾϲأǻˣⱾҲûа취£Ϳɡ
㣿һЦÿע⵽ҲǷǳĿ۾ֱܰȥӣûлԼ
ûСŶҴûлԼʵԶžӻһԿ
ɲԻһԼĻ͸ңȻЦţеЦӣ
ΪʲôҪ㣿֡
Ϊرѽ˶㻭ǣҪһͱ˲һģ㻭Լر𣿡
šԥһ£ԼȤЩɣðɣ𣿡
ͷ쵽һǰŴӵĻǰԭ׼ڻǰվžԼԼҲһ
Ϊе㲻Լ͸ǲһҺվӣǺܾûпԼˡΪ˾ƣе죬ɫˡ
ɫе㲻⣬üͷͣҲͬĶ൱Ŀɰ
ɰҶ㲻
۾ǳԼϲĵط
ҿʼʣ̧ͷľ˫۾ңɫգˡ
ˣһֱվԱߵ̫ӹ۾ﾹȻеˮ⣬žþòšЩЩ΢Ĳڣ˱ϾԼ
ƺʶҵĲڣˣҴɣߣȥһơ˵Яҵ˸ղŵķƲֻһҼĬĬĳԣ˻Ǿֶˡ
Ժͱ̫ˣͽɣǽѣòã
˵𣿵ͷ硱ܸ˵ӡ
ǹ𣿡˵˽Ѿô˽⡣
ҡҡͷ絹ǳҵĶͷû׹ܸ˵ӣ
벻Կ
Ҫôһòãôԣô˵һ䣬Ӧ˵ΪʲôҪԣ˭ԣô
ȴͻȻҵġϡ˶ˣоϴ¶ȺһȵһƿͷԴͱ˫ֱסˣ׵ôҵ촽ͷҵ촽Ҿе㴭ֱҪȥˡȴſңﴭ
ղǸǣǣô᣿Ϊʲôô
Һϲ㣬ϲ˾㣬֪̫Сˣܲסӵڻ˵ҾҪˣȴֻ㣬ֻ㡣
ϲһӣղĴﶼϧĸоϲң顣
ҪңҪң𣿡ҵ۾˵
Ҳصͷ
ȥҺܸˣҵĳǸ㣬Ҳҡֱ૵˵
ȥúϢʱһȥ㣬òã
һɵɵĵͷʱ˭ʲôҶֻͷˡ
ҵĶͷһȥһ·϶Ļţ⾿ô£ң˵ϲңеΣǺȶ
˼ң͸Ƕڵĵĵңû취˵Щ£ͼ򵥵˵еˡȥϢһ·ط
ҵķȴ뿪ҲŽˣڴ£ұϣСʱһ
ɫе㲻̫ԣڹ﷢ʲô𣿡
ҰͷڸϣǸ磬ûʲô˵İɡҾͰڹһһʮĸ˸硣
һֱĬ̧֣ۿﶼǷ籩ˡ
磬еĻţǰûйɫ
ûУûͷң㣬ʲôо𣿡
ҡҡͷʱһƬհףʲôҲû롱
ͷеӣøϴɾϴɾһʲô˼Ѿͷסҵ촽ƽĸһҲһڵĸǿƵӶġ
ͷεģֻĬĬĳĵڶǡҵ촽ҧеʹҲɵ뷢øһ㣬ȴûͷ̽ûų⣬ʼҾԼҲԼʲô
ڷſңֻ֪ӣЦˣһҵĶͷڻָƽӡ
ҷڴϣƽһ˵˯ɣҿ˯ߡ
ҵͷ̫ˣŪͷܿ͡˯ȥˡ
ҶĩŴѾ˯ȥ˵Լǵú׵ͣ̽׵һ£վˡ߳ţҶվź˫ȭգ˵Ϊʲô˵ٵ𣿡
Ҷĩ̧ͷ죬ǵȵˣ˵Ȳˣ̫Ѿˡ
ʲôҶŭɫȭͷգҲġתȥˡ

6
ϾȻε˸ҡǡ˦˦ͷеңǱˣôûҳ緹ÿʱ䶼ҵģˣȥɣȻҪϴĿء
ķ䣬ţӦһŽȥڴϣӵűӡҽһֱңҲ˵߹ȥڴͷȥĶͷûзա
ôˣﲻ𣿡оĵ궯ùֿ֣ʼϻȦȦ
ͷҼϣĿһҲ׷ȵƽˣȻ˵ġ
Ͽˣ͸ǣ㡣z
һңǶӣֵܡҲǣһҸô߳Щû˵
㶼û׹ңֻϲ𣿡Ӻ˵ô᲻ϲ㣬ǡ
û˵Ŀңһش𡣡ûֻϲ磬ҲϲʵֻҲ֪ϲǲйϵΪϲְϲҲԺ󻹻кܶʱ䣬Ū
ҰɡҪ
ҿҼϵĳѾҸ߱׳ӢʱƵҡҵͷȴץסˣҡ쾹Ȼͬˣǽô
Ĵǵĺᡣ̽ҡ̾˿ôܾ㡣ĴǡȻͣǻС
ͷ֪һġ
΢΢һЦԴ·ϴɾһ緹ȥˡ翴ҲǺƽһûΪˣʲôı顣Ա΢΢Цһ£°һҵּ֣һ˷
һ糣ܺãܶණҶҪŪס
죬΢е꣬뵽µıӰǣһ
׼Ϣʱ˴ӴɽΪ½ôϻҪ̧ͷȴ硣
磿ôˣ첻𣿡ֵʡ
ͷҲ죬ֻһ𡱣ƣɫ
ҵһˣֹغŴҪ˿˿̲ڶǿɲġҲԼ鷳
Ų裬ĿһȻЦˣͺ˺ܶࡱ
ǲ̫ˣеԹĿΪǸǣѾûа취ٰһİˣһеˡ
ᣬҶźˡڻָԭǷžӡҲǰҪʵ۵ˣЩ˵Ǻܼ򵥵İɡ
ǣˣ㲻ȥϢ𣿡Ѿƽ˯ʱˡ
ܲһеƻҡy
ԥҵĸЩͬסƺס
ԥһįı飬һ߰ɡ˵žҪߵӡ
֪ǹΪˣǺðɣϲҪҡ
ܸ˵˴һﰵԼûԭ򣬴˴ʲôֵĶҲûǾֻǲţ˵һҾ˯ˡɫʱˣҪϻضɡ΢΢۾Сĵ㡱
ͷҶͷһ£ӴϷˡұ۾˯һ
ʱ½ң˵ҵһرСȣҪȥﻭҺͳȥˡɽ棬·ƫû˼֪ôҵģɽȺֵɾĸоɽɫĲݵأɽǻСϪ̧ͷɽ붼ƵĸоɽԶһƬ֡
һƬ֣һڲݵŵĢζʰ˲ٺö½ӣ߷ǾĢһûһ졣
½ôҵСȵģ̫ˡ̾Ϣ˵
ǺǣΪѽҵȻŬЩƯĵطֿʼˡ
ϻû˯ãڲݵϲ֪Ȼ˯ˡ֪˯˶ãֻܿһСԺֳұڻҲ˯ˡ½ԱߵĻϿ㡣
ͷҺеˡ
ţѾˡЦЦӣѾ϶ˣǸʶʱǸ ûȥƺҲûѻ߼ˣҲ֪ϵ£кܶʱںһҵļദǵĹϵԽԽ׽ˡ
ŵĴӳˣˡδѵӣͷԱߡʢһĢݸָ½ʢһ룬ȻԼţʰӹ½𿾺õ㣬Ҹ̾˿óԡ
뿪ʱ½ȻﲼЩ󷨣ʲôֵʡ
㲻ϲ˾ͽˡ
ĬŴռɽΪԭô㰡ѹôš
ÿ»͵͵ݼƵġûʲôľٶߵʱҵĶͷ
ӾЩлҺͳҲʮˡ
ǽʲôûʲôر£ҵӰҲ̫ȥӾҲƻթҲˣֻüڼ׳ˣõ͸ҡûǮʱţоеңʵĻҡ
Ҳ;Ƚϲ̣ǰȥһЩӪõĲ¥¥ţҲҵ˽ǮҲСɶءĻѵһɿˣӪЩ¥ȻĺɫĿǰǵľ¥ʮ֮һڳˡ
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ҲҼڼҵ׳档
ڳ϶Ҫȥæˣֻվȥ彲£ҵ廨ŵ顣
20ˣýţᡣڸǰܾйǵĻӭˣΪΪ˼ĳɳĸſˡ
ȴЩƣΪҶԸǸѾЩһˡȻǳǸ⣬ҲûʲôǵľٶҺ͸ѾĳĬҲҶԸ糬Խֵ֮飬бģռҲǺܸУȷʵĸоܲϡֻ꣬Լ˵ʱԶߡԾʾҲʲôоýˣ֪᲻Ӧ
Һ͸£ɡгҲҷŲ¡ýԺ󣬵ʹ鷿ȥ˵ˣڶһʱˣûг鷿ķϣǡ
ߣڵĴ£
šҵͷ
ԴĻôҡ
סԳʵʵĻش
ôЦˣʵϲԲԣ
ֵͷôеɻ
ҲҲ֪ôҼϣ֪ſҵģдҲһԶſ֡סҵ˵
Ҳb
κϴβͬѾ20ˣܻô׵İɡ
ЦЦڴں͵̸
Ҫǵ֪ǡɡҵǣҲҪǻгǴڽӴ⡣
͸鷿ˣ̧ͷڷϵǣ΢̾˿Ȱɫûб䣬ҷһġ
鷿ſڣҺЦȥǷȥվǰ˵ңˡ
Һ͸Ļš

7
Ϊϴ辭Ӱ죬ˡȻЩûϰ䣬һСûĳ౾ͱȽף˾Ӱ죬һɡһ˫۾մ֮ϵµһ㡣ѵõǣϵ͸о߾;졣
ҿվǰһżǺҳ
Σ֪֮Ĭﶼóˡ
ԽϵŰҽн鷿̸Ϊɣֻм˵ĺӣŻݡ
⼸Һͳúܿ죬͸һˡȻòӢ䣬Ҳڰ˿ɰһĴ һʵˡ
ǰЦң𣿡
ĬĬĵͷ
Цˣǣҵصҵķ䡣ȵһǰʱ򣬸綯һ裬Ȼڣ˵̫Сˣ»֪ԼҪʲôҴӦˣʮ֮ǰ㲻һҾİţȢӡ˵̾һ 
ҲҪס˵֮ǰһЩãôҺȷҾԲܰѸøκˡҲҪ簮ˣҪԶߡ
֪ϲңҲϲߣҲΪСߣ񳿳һֲͰ֮Ĳֻ֪Ҫһϲ𣿡ҡ
ϲˣɻǰû˻ŮҶûϲ˵رϲҲһǣϲ硱һ㣬ʮֿ϶
Цˣϲ磬Ҳϲܹܺ͸𣿡
סȣҵ˲ˣϲǸǣȣŸ壬ҡеѪӿĸо԰ҴûdiyйΣǺͱˣŮûйҲ֪ô
Կòãǲǻϲ˵塣绹ЦЦ˵
ԣܵľʵ̫ˡ
šͷһֱڵ֪𣿡
ҵͷ֪ԴǸǺбľٶΪʱͻС
ԸһֱǣҲûİһԺϲŮأһԸֻء̾˿ڳˣҲСʱһϲңҺܿģԿòãǲܽܺһ𡣡
ôԣҲᡣ𣿺͸м֮ף;Ǽ飬ͷʵĸһ
纬Цǣҵ֣һڴ£ӣһڴҪô·ɣҴӴʼ·ܾ죬ȴֻҵĶܿͱѵĸɸɾˣҴ˴һδű۹塣
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绹ңҲ˵۲ϼܺãϣһƯؿǷɫģƯϸխΣƯȲϸ֣ƯкһҵĹ۲£΢΢е̧ͷ״ҲƯ
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ҵĴӿʼϸÿʼӶᣬ廹ڽҪࡣҵ˫ֲͣβŹɷһֱİֻһڣ˺˾ô
ҵ˫ֻǲͣĸβȴĴһ·£֪ؿӦŮ˵أҺסһȻͲסһõ˿϶Ǹҧ˫Ҳûš
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СĢϷڳһЩҺ壬ԽҲȻͻȻͦһ緢˳
ҲͦˣҪ磬ֻǲ֪ôԾøǿ߳ӣ޷ˡ
ȥǸ磬ڸ߳ĬĬĳҵǣҿʼԼ·ҪȫÿƤ硣û谭ˣ̾Ϣȫܸ壬ҵõ˰οȴø̰Ҫࡣ
磬ҡڸ˵
ֳҸղǸ̽ȥôѾǵ΢죬ȻҴҲǵһء
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Ҳ˺ģұŸŸıַˡָڶڸ̫ˣӲȥһ۵ġ룬ݣʼͷڸĶΧתܾһ屻Ҵ̼΢
ҵֱŸβͷӼᶨʪΧȻŰͷȥĺýǽסͷĽڱʪҿԼ֣ϸ̽һָֻȺýڸĶָתĶڰңܿɳ̽˵ڶָֻֻˣղŷйĵط΢΢̧ͷ쳱ʶ
ܵĹ裬óָƺҵ뿪Ƶģﻹҿ˿ҪҡѾõİ׼ھͦȥ循ͦͦһѱסڻǺļĺݳĵҵҲûšһֻŸİһЩһֻס˸ؿڵķ۵㡣ҵ֣
ҰѸȥʼײֽҴûô
һС㣬ÿͻ˷ܺҸŬײһ컯һ̲ˮҲûƽʱǿģֻҲܿҸ˷ܺͼ
֮ǰ˷ܵ緢ҲҼеøұײ£Ҳﶥˡ
һĹ̵ģſڴϴϢҰڸ棬һʱְֻѸڻԵĲ˲ϵĺӸǺӵ塣
Ұͷڸϣ磬Ū𣿡
ûСˣɳƵ˵
ϲ㣬Ҳϲղ¡ҵ͵͵˵ø𣿡
ƺһ£˵g
ӵ磬ΪʲôԼ
ʹȻûǴǻʹġ
Ǹʹ𣿡æԼķ塣ݣͷȥˡ
һЩǴϸֱ棬ûѪ̫ˣûøˡְָȥ̽̽棬ҵľ᲻ɡִ˸һ㣬İ̧ͷطǵĵһΣղŸѾΣ岻̫ðɡҸңҸɡæϸĲɾ§Ÿ¡
ӵһ۾ҸɣǻԶԶһɡ
ʵҲ͸һҲʹ´λøҰɣġ
ҵʱƽϢˣǸ廹һһûо㣬Ҫ
ָڸղҽĶȦĦøһ㡣

8
ҵ˫ڸĶڸţȦ忪ʼЩ˷ܣһڵĴϢǸҪҲҪһ£Ǹĵһء翴ֻڸοȷʵҲˣͽ˯ȥˡҰҪѧϰһ£Ժø
ϣ͸һ۾Цһ£ȻٻպϴˮҺ͸һˮİϴ壬̽ĵطΪ˺ܾãĸоѾɾˣûϴʲôȻе죬ǾҰڲҰϴԺ󣬻һͰˮְҴ塣·һȥ緹ˡֻҪû£һԵġ
ͳӦ֪ҷҹ˭û˵ʲôһ緹͵ȥϳ칫ˣȥºͲˣ⼸˼ӣҵ뿪ˡվȥ彲Ρ
彲Ķ廨ţʷ飬ңܱߵҡ뵽ͽȤĵطͷʣûȤľ㡣¿εʱ򣬰ѿļ黹˴壬˼µġѾˣſڵңЦӭȥ
컹˳Ǽˣ
ţе⣬ʲô⣬ֲˣҪѵһһߣһ˵
緹׺͵뿪ˣŻصҷһ裬е۾컹û˯ðɣ𣿾ҷ˯һɡ
ͷҵĴϣ˯ȥˡĬĬһȲ裬ʵƽǲôģֻǾ͸Ժ󣬸оöණһˡһʱ֪ͳ˵ʲô
ҸڴϢҲ볳˾ôһԲĺȲ衣ȻҲеˣÿ춼˯ϰߣһ𳤴󣬱Ӱ죬Ҳÿ춼˯ʵڹķҪ˯೤ʱ䣬Ҳܹ档Ҳһеƣӣһ֪ΪҶˡ
Ҳˣ˯ɣԺȥ㡱
ͷ뿪ˣ³Ӧö֪ˣԺǡ
ȲЩˣ˴§ס磬˱ӣ˯ȥˡ
ʱѾȥˣȥҳʱûҺʹ£Ҳʱᡣ½ǳȥ棬ǾѡһҳĲ¥˵ר˸˼˵Һ½𶼺ܸȤ
˲¥裬ݵģС񲢲֪ϰӡ
Ӧֻƹ֪ҲȽϺã躹ޣ֪ôӶǳģзҪ鷳
ǸСȻʶǷ̬Ⱥܺãֻܻ˵ӣѡƹ񲻴
Ǹ˵̨ĭɵĽһӢۺʹҹĹ£ҿԶȻմĭӣҶһ¡ǳ׵Ĺ£˵ˡϴνúһ˴ս˶ٶٸˣȥС㡣ҰЦֹҲа
Һͳ½һ߷£һߺȲ̸ЦͻȻһ½ճ˴ӣ֪ɷи㣿
˵Ļȴһݣ˿ûо̬Һ½𳿳˻һۣȻҿڣҪӣ٣
ӾͲҪˣҺһˡ
ҵͷݵС˸ӣһ
òƽƽһ˫۾ȴرɣƽݣֻǵ˫۾ҲȺһ˵Ĺʡ˵ĻȴȲӣ׵
ī۶֪λôƺ
ȻͻʻҲͻƽ̬ºͣƫƫС
½
ҶµĵܵҶ½ͳ򵥵ıһ治ϰġ
ʶԵǾͲҪôˣ˴Σ
½һۣûзԣ˵ͷ
Һͳ½ǻ켣ˣȥطƽʱ죬Ȥ½һЩȤ»ȥķ羰ʤʱ˵Ѿ˽Ĳ̨֣м輧ڵٳҾûʲôȤˡ
īȻΪ̸˵ļűǸ˵Ȥˡ½𶼺ٽӿڣǶͻȻڨһЩģ˴ҲûʶԷݳֻңг½ߣҲûʲôõĵģֻһͨĹͣúõһĹ¡
ʱҺͳҪظīǣҲƽĺǵ𣬷·һͨҲټ档
½ͳоˣ˲򵥣Ҳͨˡϲһ磬ȴֻڲԼκԼйص£ϸЩ£ҲҲݵ˿ֻ˵ǵˮ©
ҲǵݣȷпܽȴżҲûдԺô£Ͳеˡôܾǣ֪ǵݡҺͳûʲôñõģ½еܣҲпǵʹ磬͢¸ȥˣҲŪ
Ҳ̫ˣԼοԼ
½ҼҳҲƴǣЩةฮˣҲ˰ӡ
ϻصԼ䣬ָбڴϿ飬ҽĵһЦߵߣſ
ûв
ûС滺ƽĺ߾ûдڹƵġ
磬ʵҲԡ
סҵ죬һû˵Ļ֪ԣ͸һˡͻСٵꡣ˵Ǻ飬ҲԾס
ųʶµֿʼҪһ򡣡

һεȥǷ飬뵽Ҵ飬͵͵˼ҩƿӡ
ʲôãɻ
󻬣⵽ҽġǸҵģƽʱǲߣһҡƽʱҲ˵仰ȥ򼸱飬֪һˡ
Ҳе죬лˡ
ͷȥˡ
ҿʼҵǼڡ֮á飬ȻֻͼǻĻϸ¡=_=
ԭôܡͷ겻ѡ
ϸ޵ĴԽԽ࣬Ȼÿζʲô۸壬һʱֻǺ͸籧һ˯ˡ
ʱ½˼ͣԼҺͳȥ㡣ǴôôСҺͳȻǰ˸徲İߣڼ֮£ǳ͡
ҲѡĵطãҲǵ˲ѣǴ˺ܾöûеһ㡣ǺúõĶţᵽȥˡ
죬б̵ĺˮߵߵݡҺܾûĹʱұڲССÿ쿴ССɫѣĽн
ʱң˼Ĳ֮⣬ûнѣҲûʲôͯĻ顣ĺҸôõ壬ôľɫҪôõĻ顣
⼸Խˣһʮ꣬ͷˡѾᵽˣһֻңһֻֻȵļ͡½ҲǸõӣֵܼڣѵð
Ǻǣǿ۾Ĳͷûз£ҲӲŲšͳ֮һСϷʲôƵģʱڣǰĵĵȴϹûˣҲټһ¡
ҰЦһ£ֶܼáڳϣ߲УͻȻǰһ׸,ĺ߳
ഺĻлƣȴ
ļѩȴ
ķĳ
Ƶᵭ
ƾĳ
ŵķŵŵ
ŵ˵ϲҾһȥ
û˭ʾٵҵĿɬζ
ÿһƬƵϼҶȥ
ÿһ͸¶ϴȥҳ˱
ԶĴɫʢ
ѣĿĹ⻪һͯ
Ϊ߸ԺҹҹҲ˯
Ϊɵط
պܴҾë
ӺܶȴʼҪؼ
ƬɫɽҪеĸ
ȴһ䴫˵
ԺҺǰ£Ҳô衣Ϊǰĸ裬ʱ˵̫ףߣ˴ǰһ㵭˺͵Ҹ
ҵഺиĸˣаˣѣϲԼ塣
Ҿڳϣţ½ҲţĹ⡣͵հΧ¶꣬½Ȼ֮꣬У⼸ҼҲſʼѧϰ˵¶ҲΪȻҲ֪ǰʲôӣ֪⼸ĵЦԽԽ࣬͹ˡ

9
ϳԷʱңҪҲμӹĹ硣
Ϊʲô޹ְģǻϵļ绹ˣΪʲôҪȥɻʵ
½ҲʣǳҵŲˣ˵˵˳ԷҵͷųҼеĲ˵ŵ͡
κҹڵһʹ˵˸Ļʦ͹Ĺ͢ʦһ£ʲôأϣҲȥһʲô⣬ҲþȾȳ
֣Ҫȣʲôɱԣʲô׼𣿶ǳԱ˳ŵû¸ˣҰԸš
һôҪأf
ҡҡͷǺһϰల£Ҳûйʲôˡʱʹдһ书ȻͷһΣҲõģܲҪȥȡ
ҵͷҲţΪϲ¡ҪԣҲ¡ΪҵĻãҲͣҵĻʡǾеģʲôأѵ컹һʲôüһ£
˽һ죬͸綼ھ֮УǴŹٷ޹ְֻдƽҴãЦһ£ԽԽˡ
ȻҲ̫ϲáݣǱϲ˿佱һǺܸ˵ġֱӱĲӳ촽ݺݵȥҼֱҪˡ
͵һȥʹ磬һ·ϸϸĽһЩĹأš粻ֻǺЦңµֺǣһ
ϯ治٣Ҹڵ͸󣬿һ·ͱ˺ѣңֻðŹ̶Цͷʾ⡣Һѹ󣬾ͰƷźλá͵ûһ𣬸λԶЩƷ޼ϵҰλã͸һԱȥˡ
ڸ總ͬŶ͸ӣϵĺѡͺ͸࣬ʵۺܸء֪ҵݣҲʼҺѣֻӦ䡣мֱҿҰЦһƬݣ֪̫˵ı־ס֣ЦһЦû뵽Χֶ˼ˡҪ̾ϢˣЩҳسôʲôдˣСһҵİ±öˡ
ڳ֮󵽳˴ҵ֮󣬳˲עʱ򣬳Цһ£͵ǰȥˡ
һͷ磬ûв˵飬ҲŷƽʱȻ˵֪̬ǵˣǻеġ
Ȼϵˣ˶ݹӭӻϳڿԿˣҾöˡλûϺԶƴԴҲᱻע⵽
ϷԸ֮󣬾һʹϵˡͨһŻԵø꣬Ȼòܸ˱겻ĸо
˸һúȻӣһһɫ߰Ҳ²᲻Ǹʦ
һҾȻʶīǸ̸İˡԭһʹѹֲ¶ˡ
ڶ߸ңͷǸһӣµǸһĻʦ壬һһةīҸ߸磬īڲ¥Ǹī˼Ҳңôƽº͵ĶЦһ£Զôºƽ
Ǹʼ硣Ҳ͸ԶƣȻڹڳϲüĿ飬ǻǺȻֻҪһ
ҺܿһأҲϲ»һ档
ϻ˸ݣ۵ġҲǲϲŮӵģ˸磬ʲôҪˡҿЩòŮӣҲЦŵҵıӡϧǸ绹ǲҶȾơ
ʱǸһӳҪʼȻǸҲжԻʵ˸ȴǵģе㲻ȨĸоӴŶġ
Ҳһ͢ϻʦӦڼҲж깦ˡֻǳΪֻ͢ǻЩͼЩйദĨƽǣĨ˰֮£ý
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ǾôأҺܺҲúȤ
ּ⻭һɴС
ãʲôĿź÷ӡǸһ£ʼˡϧܹȥΧۣ뿴
Ӳһתҵ֣һҵıӣˣǹǺǣ˽ҰǲˣŸŵǻꡣ
һ˱ʣϻʦֹһŻ꣬Ȼ档
̫ǰȥͣȻڴǰȥֵ˸ҡԭ廭ٲȻһȺɽͼɾͲ˵ˣʹ侳
Ϥĵط
ϻʦǵ۶ӣ壬ȱ
֣Ҳ̹ȻˣҲֱ׵Ŀ佱ſ˵һ˲żüáǸ˵šϵıǽǷϵģȴҪƷͷ㣬ﲻɡ
ֱԣӮ˴ҲһЦˡҪԸ磬ȴƺʤֿڵһ˵ةӻղΪβԣ
ôǣˡ
ɫЩãһҲգȻһҪҵķ򣬡Ҷͳһɡ
ֻгУ˸ߵԣΧüǸӣƳǸһۣڸʲô
ղ˶࣬ûϸھԼԺúÿˡĻȷʵư硣ϻʦĻ壬ʵֻҪټһ㣬ͻˡ
ϣϻʦĻϼϻʦͬ⡱ϻʦΪˣʹҹܣڲҵѯʣǾתϻظϣ΢Ը⡣
ҵҪԺ󣬵ڳ۷׷ףҲζĶҵͷƺڴҵʯɽ
ʺܿڻϻ˼ʣҺͳߵĴͼߵΣмţұߵȻҲΣȴƲҲвͷ飬Ȼסˡ
Ϊ˺СԲܿ˭ϵ鶼һĿȻһ¾ԵûˣȤҼʾˣ̫Լʹͻ˵һߡ
Ϻ̫ӶɻͶ͵Ŀ⣬Ҷ⼸ʣ
һĻЩ죬û˵ʲôr
Ǹ壬ҵĿҡѵ־ͬߵꣿееܲˡ
Ǹī֮󣬻º͵ĶЦһ£·˵ˡһ
ڴȥƷ˻صߡĳҾеۣŸ磬ҵ֣󣬾˺ܶࡣ

10
ڽˣղһĻӲ֪ʲô⣬ȻԻ˵Ҷ˳ȺҸҲжţʶҶĻգȻΪ͹ͨϣҶȥҹΪҸ
һڣɫͱرѿˣҲǳ
ûҲϣȥ˵̫С¹˵йȥ
翴Ǹӣֱðǻӣоôôࡣ͵һǾܸ
ǸӾ㲻ǲݰҲǸ֮ͽѿΡ
ûбȥҺ͵ڻؼҵϣ˿ҵͷģȥġô˵ˣһʲôĵġ
صѾͦˣ׺ͳû˯½Ҳڡ
ڵҰɣæȥҪױȻǽڻʹľ
ǸӾȻȥһ֮ɫ˰סæҡﶼȥģڼףҵҲ˵ȥġ
׿ͷŷ˵ԺֹܲȥͲȥˡ
ģҸϽߴȥϢ½ҲҼרķ䣬ֱסˡ
ڶ磬ﶼûȥڼﻭСףӦϰˡ
ϰ׺ͦĬˣƽʱڸƣֻҪǺѣֺܼܾãҵרģء
ǽϰ״棬һͲˣʼȥ
һһ룬ôƤ˹ȥһš
ʱһȣ̧ͷ
ǣī壬ôôûͨ
˶ЦңҲʶϰڵϴæڨڨһЦʧˣǱͤɡ쳿½𶼲ڣҲȥˣôҲûͨ
ղֹͨģ˵ڻ´㡱īڣ
˼ҼңֲǺ죬Ѿϲ㡣
˵ǺһȲ軭ѡӿڵҵȷһȹ裬һ̫ˡ
ˣֻǼ˵İȫҪǿˡ
û뵽øˣǴˡī㲻Ҫô˵ųЦҵĻ
ƽ͡ƽ͡ĬţһЦݣλҹĹ֪ͣһССʦкθ߼
߼ûУֻ㣬Ļ廹Ƿ嵭ӣǸоȴײ١û˾аɡ
˵ţⲽߵһûɵϰͼۿȻûл꣬㻭ĺá
ΪԸԭҵȷó
뵽ǷȺɽͼĻԺлҲȥ
һǧɽһҿԴȥһЦ
ȥһʱһȥڻҵȥԺڵȥУǲźá
һĹ͢ʦ𣿡ҪǾͿϧˡ
ǡҡҡͷһ̵ַЦݣҪ˵ţôμֿЦıǸ֪ɫӡ
ȿȡīԣͲ˵ˡ
ŶǸӵİԣīȻڹؼʱҺīһۡǳĵЦˡۡԭҲôЦݡ
嵹ǸֱֱȥƢܶҵӡ
Ǹī͵һǺ꣬ԼҵҵȻúã;̫ƻˣá
ҴīȥҵĻң˺ܾã⼸Ҳȷʵ˺ܶĻ
ͻȻ뵹ڻһңҲǴʦˣīҲ
廭ҰɣǻĶڹˡ
һʲô
ĥҶûԼĻΨһһò˸ʦ
ͻҰɡ쿴ķ羰ͼĺܲ쿴ﻭҲ
ͷҲٿңѾгˡ
ʱ䣬ڻˣ˵һߡҺī߽ȥԭҺСֵͼ
ңͷҲģСףЦģȫǿ֡
ţô
治Сһﱻ۸Ҳˡ
Һܸˣм֣лл㡱
ˣ޾װ
˵˵ᱻᡣ
Էɣõ͸翴һĻһϲġ
һЦͷŻװѣԼĻһ㶼ԼѵģҲһȤĹ
½ǰֱˣңҰܸʶīʶ˵ġһȺòǷ棬˿ԵѷɫҲһֱ̹ȻǺԸ񡣡
½һĻЦ۸Сˣ
ûûУֻءֱǷ֤ݰ
ʱ׿һĻȻܸˣҲ顣
ǵʹϵģûǱϾһˣǹֵҪȥһ
һûп磬أҲɫòãǣ֣Ǳ߿һĶЦЦּ˸ҡﳿ½ϰǵĻī忴Ŵ˴ҲûҪǽˡ
Ϻ͸Ƿصҵķ䣬Ƿӡôҡ
ǸרĻˣܼ򵥡īҿ͸ʵʵ˵
ͷȲ衣߹ȥ̫Ѩͷһҵӡÿ̫ˣԴһۡ
ͷְѸϵϣȫĦӣ򣬺󱳣ֱۣȣСȣ缡ȫȻ˯ˡҸ·Ҳ굽˯ȥˡ
һӰةฮݼһʹݡ
ة࣬ҶȷʵǺҶĩͬһҡ
ôº͵˵飬ӻú£ҶҸ÷㻹ǰץءš
ͬʱڻʹ鷿ڣһҲ򵱳̫ӱ档
һīȥҶүһҶү
ôī״ʲô⡣Ժ͸Ҷүߣʲôرƽʱ߱
ǡȥe
վҶԻǰָϵգȻ㣬ػɡ
īǼ֮ˣ֮ǰǼīң½ǲģҲƲԼ£ҡ
ǼȻ˵֪Ҳ˵̸īңĿⲻƵƽºͣڿʲô⣬ֱƵĵġ
ҲˣӲǵദгһ㰲ġ
˵̽鵽ҸһֵϢֻǱţǱҵġҲץǸˣǵմŲಮ١صǹİǻϻ̫ҵġ
磿ɡ

11
󣬷һ顣λΪ̫ϻʣ̳˻λ˼ԼŻʺͼȥˡ
ΪĻ³Ǵ£Ƿ֪ͨ͸ҲرæӡܶĹԱõãҲС糣ٻ͢У۶ʢ»ʷҪӻʳָ磬Һܵġȴֻ§ңκָҶܵģġ˵žҡ
Ҳס磬ѵ·ԽԽԵ塣ѾϰҵĽ룬ˣָܿʪ󡣸ƽʱȴĲѣԽԽܿԼͶȥ͸Ϊһ塣

֮»ټң鷿ϢһûпڣЯҵЦǽò?Ȼ˻ʵۣѡ
ҵͷðɣ磬ʲô𣿡
ָҵ˱裬̧ͷ۲䣬Ϊ续͹Ҳֻ
˻ʵۣ۰ɣ
ãҽ֣⼸ܶڴ˵
ǵж೤ʱûȥ𣿡ʣ
ţǰû¾ͻῴһΣǺܾûȥˣһ˰ɡ
ţһˣǴι磬Ҷûм㡣Һ㣬ȴȥ㣬֪Ϊʲô𣿡
һǰ¡Ϊ磿
ЦЦǰΪҶĩΪһˣôܿһ𡣡
ָ龿ǲأ磬Ҹô㣬ִôأ
翴ɫȥЦˣҵͷ㻹ǰʲôдϣǲҸҶĩָǲģ
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ҪңҲĵµġ̾˿õȷҶĩҲҴͻ飬û׼
ҵͷлл㣬硣粢ûʲô̫ѵĸоȻǲϰƶȣҽֲ쾭ġ
һЦǰ㣬ǹǺܶࡱңԺͺһЩˣҿɲǰȥ㣿
⡣ѾǻʵˣļҲ̥Ҫ𣬡ΪʲôҪأ粻ǿҪ𣿶Ҹ硣Ҳѹġ
Цһ£㻹ҶĩѹɣðɣҲȥˣȥɡڰ֣ҾͺͽĹ˳ȥˣûпƣʧɫ
صſڵңһҾӵĵӡҿ߼ס֣һԺߡ
絣𣿡e
šͷҡ
˵ͻ顱ҰϢ
ҲǴͻҲͬ⡣ҵĵǻ㾿ôġ絭˵
̾˿Ҳ֪ûǿҲûǿвңҪҶҵͬ⣬ǰһϵҲûУҲûн׽
ѰɣԴ֮Ľ֮⡣Ҳ
ҵĻһǳҲһ̸ߣҵΪȡȨϻʲôò
˵ǸǣûһðʲôҪֻҪż
˵żҡ벻Щ£ֻ߸硣
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˵ͬ⣬Ӧ𣿡üͷĸˡ
̧ḧüģͷ磬Ҳ֪ôġ
ڻһҵĶͷ֪ͲҪˣЩ¸ˣͺúȥϲ°ɡ
ҵͷĵĿڸ绳
۶ڸָĴųָ̫ξ֮Ӷڸһ䡣»ͼΣܿһ죬͸ָֻйɵжȥ˵֮ȻҲָƽ
һ磬Ժ֧˸ܣ轣ӡ
ͻȻΧǽܳĸˣҹ
һṦһ߻ں˼룬к˭
͸ҵӭȥǰ棬в֪ܳҲųǴ
Ǽ˼ֲűˣھͳˡǵһҲʧˣ˭أߣ˭أ
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²֪ܲ˵ҶүĻҶүСġ˵Ҳʧˡ
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½ſʼһЩǰһһʮ˵ˡ
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Ҫû½𣬳ôҲ롣
̫СˣŻóΪ˱Ҷˡ
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ڻ˯ţڴͷ۲һĸ磬ſؿҲʱϲ£ںڰսʤ˾͹µã໹ȵš
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īߵʱҵе㲻̫ԣҾɱңԻǵһֿԴЩӦҲǳ͵ģңǺûй˵˼ȻƽʱӣǲұҲԷ˿ȲҪˣѾڲˣ㻹ǱЩմϹϵղûףһҲ½˵һȱˡ
ͷֵҵĶͷôȻˣ
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ͷӦˣסңתȥˡ
תͷֳѾˡ

12
ʹ鷿ڣۣͻȻ֣üôˣʲôô
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ҽȥˡΪңΣգǸüһˣһǲСİ

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ôҪɱƽº͵ʱ˪
ߣҲҪܡֽķ顣
ҶҪﲻȫ͹ֲҪˡʲôƵģϾЦݡ

߸磬תͷֳѾˣæߵߣûﲻ.
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˭Ҳûɱֵ£Ҳûһ̳ĳԡ
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͸絽ſڣ籧ҺݺݵڸС
磬硣ֻһЦһҵĶͷת뿪ˡ
صó½µҩ˯ˡڴͷ顣ʱ׼˯ȴͻȻ˽ӣ˯ŵĳһԾǰ
ҡ˶硣
ģش¡Ҹһĵ񣬸ǺñӣϻСȦȦ
һջĿ⣬ҡ
ͷһ£˯ɡͷ۾
ҰóǰͻȻֵļһҸղںȵĲˮ۾ӽ֮û뿪ҡ
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ЦһЦ֪Ǹģ
ҵͷ
֪һ˭𣿡
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֪ѵ˵֮һ֮һ
¾ͽҰɣʲôҲҪˣǸһߣҪʲôҲңòã
ҿ˵𣿵ͷҲԼУ̫Ϊѣˡѵһ¾ͺˣϾš
۾ˣǺǣ֪ˣҾˡְһҵļʱ򳿳۾ȴûʲôתˡ
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ͷЬϴһ֣Ϩ
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·̲飬͸ݣѨʹķӦһô
Ҹô֪ͨ͸أ½ôڿ϶żˡ·ϵ̲飬ɣҲΪҵˡ
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ҺҶԺд裬ֳ߿ǶȻڱ䣬ȴһ˼Ƕϡ
ͻȻˣһѶۣˡһֱб׷˹ȥҿҶҪȥε塣
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⣬ҸⶾҶҶ˵
ҶͷҰϣʼƹѪһѪԺʲôҲˡ
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˽ûˡ

13
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Ϊʲôۿżɽֻ̫֪󹬶ĸײ׽븸׸һˡ
ΪǸ㼸һֱΪȻеӡҲ㡱̫Ϊȷ˵ΪǸ˰ôǰʱ仳еļߣ֪ôһ¡һȻʳ谮ôӰһˣһӶһߡһҪɱǸ
㣬ûץסɷģ㣬ûذĶӣ㣬ǷǡҲٿ㡱۾˳ȥ
ּ̫岻ʣȥɽ¾ּûعɵۣ䣬Ͱ籡̫һɹˣ˦ȥˡ
ûĿټ㣬ĴΣΣնҶ𡣲֪ʱĶ½ûС
ȥ̽ҶӵĶûСȥˡ

ҿȥ½ˡҾſھãȻĵţȵ׵ȵ͸絽Ͽеʱڴ½ƣˣǽɡ
½ɫһƬҰףȻǴԪϽ˷ԱߴϢôѣ
ֻ˯ˡ½ǽ͡
ɫãڴǰ־֪ûˣ͸Ͻ½ԼķӣǶ˷ǱͰ½𵱳˰ӣΪô࣬Ǹжѡ
½Թҩ֮˯ȥˣҲȰ۵ĵȥϢҵʱ䣬ƺͣȥһ̣ڶ·ѲܣҲʧȥһҿʹһ޼䡣֪ϲ磬ϲ硣ҲΪѣֻҪһߣͺ㡣
ȥһ̣ĿܶɥʧҿŸ磬֣ҲԱߣһͷһֹ֪ۡҶСС׽ΪǶ֪˴˰жô
Ϊ˲ΪѣΪػЦݣŲҲǣµʱҵʱֹͣˡ

ʹɰϢֵİѾˡ̫ͽɱˡ۶˸һжģҲм
Ŵϻδѵ˶ôһҹҵ
ҪȥϳˣһǶͷ˿ͬſԱ˯ŵĳӦò˰ɡ
صҵʱȴе˶ҩϵİҲǡ
ˡ
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˼·Ǵûס꣬ҲûڷݳԷһֱ¶ޣ˳ԷϲʱһҲҲ¼ǺŻܡ
ұīǰʱе֮еĸо
ңüûʲôˣúͿˡ
ͷЩȥˡȻʣҺ
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ȵſң쵽һǰҲſΪʲôõǡǡץΪһΪԡ
ΪΣգұֻ˱㣬ûǼȻ㣬㻹ߺЩ˵˱ݸҡ
ҵ͸ǡûˣ֪֪
û£ֻҩҪ½Ϊ˾㣬ƹѪڴϻ˯ҵҲûô׵֡ǲ֪Ҳ֪ġƽ˵ȻǺܴҲܿܲµңҲ
ΪʲôΪʲôҲһةࡣ
׼ʱѾǹˡȻһȴû֪Ҳҵĵ
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ΪʲôҸǻᣬҲ㿴ͺáһٵյΣյϢȻˣҾͲΣС
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ͷΪʲôôƽȴôֲ
ԣպԼҪ˼ôȥôϢȥ
ҵǺܵҰɣ
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Ҵû뿪ǣھúǣҲ˰ɣҾżģұ֤һᾡȥġ

īдţûв˵ӣд֮˸ԸҲûУͰŵݳȥˡ
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ȥ붫ӣЦˣңҡҵ۾
ͷ֪ͱӰˡҵȪԡأô·ȥҲ˽Ȼ˴˶ǳ¶壬ȴоû⿴ҵ塣ķȪůĸо
ֱݵеˣӣߵߣһɾӣҪ̫ãɣϵߣܿӰҰҰͷŪɡ
ȥϢɣѯҡ
šһ·ԭķ䣬һźܴĴס
סЦ˵
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ҪģҪңǵӦҵġҲ˺¡ҵ۾һҪ
ͷϨ𣬰Ҵϡ˱ңû£ݹȪرɵԭҺܿ˯ˡ

14
ʱīѾˡҵĶ˽źϴ֮ϰں˷ݵ緹
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ѾȥˣҶԺ
ҵͷȥīѾſڣ΢΢һЦ˵ĺһ緹
Թ緹ֿ֮ʼ֪ʲôҲûбܿңҲûкҪʲôǰ￴ûп顣
쵽ʱЩ飬ߵǰ֣Ҵȥ
ҸߵԺӣԭǸܴׯ԰ͤ£˱һѩ׵Ķ߹
ӹѩףԭһֻСҺҼҵϰСʱһģһֻҵһƴ󣬺ÿɰ̲סȥһ
īֻǺЦҼǱģϲ𣿡
ͷܲôɰĶ
ǾͽɣֻСףֻȡʲô֣
šСѩɡռֻǲǽСѩ⾹ȻͻȻðһ⣬еˡ
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ţʱӦѾˣΪ˲ҵ٣ѾԭұİԾʲôҲ֪ˡ˵
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ҿһһдһ⣬𣿡
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һ緹īҡնܺãΪʲôֻѧṦ
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һֱܺ棬ĵﾹȻҶĩһΪʲôأֿʵ
ҡҡͷҲ֪Ҳ˽Һ͸磬֪õĽǰɡ
Ҳ֪īʲôˣֻ֪һֱûҵңÿ¸дһţһīҲһЩеΡ
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ѾϱۣȻȽͨ
СѩҲѾ˺ö࣬ѩѩ׵ġ
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ƹȥҰɡ˵žͽ⿪ҵĿ
æץס֣á
ȴץסҵ̶֣ߣͽ⿪ҵĿһ£ֳЦһ¡ұݺѹסˡҸоѾȵĿˣңңȫ񻹺ڴǽ̫ô
סҸоůʪĶΧסѾԼͦҪࡣ
̫ܽõĹϵûмҾ͵߳ˡȫ
īĬİҵĶȥֱ֮ɾˡ
ֻصߣȦڻҿڴϢ
15
īڻͷʼҡǲˣһֱĺӡǷǳ飬Щֱȴûиеһ˿˿ĺ£֪أҶīѾȫȻˡ
ҵִĻȴҲɵþһĴȴû˽ҵͷͷҵУҪռСҵ£ȥҵ˳ʼңһֱһֱ
ҵְֱסĻȴƶֲ˺ܾһֱҡ

쿪ʼÿ춼˯ѣңȻЩ£ֻֻ졣ʱҲ˯ʱ򣬻ȪȻûиһǵȷÿ춼һֱΪǸߣǿҡǺŷô࣬ôǿҡûһҪϢ
ԽԽıңң쵽ҵ½⡣ûֹͣ䡣Щµʱ򣬴һͣҲͣеĶȥȥ
ҵ壬ԽԽϤĸοҲԽԽϰϢҺ¡
һ磬Թ緹ұȦڻֻ֪֪Ҫ룬ҿ԰һӡǵĿڡ
ҵͷӦǰɣһˣʵ۵ҲҲҡ
Ҳô㣬֪ĵҶĩǣǲǣ
ֵͷȻÿ¶дŸǣҲī֪ǵϢǼǣѹѡ
Һϲ㣬˵Ұ㣬㶮
ͷһ࣬ô᲻ǵ˱ңҽʱһ˿ҲѾˡѧһУΪҡ
Ҳ뿪ֲ뿴ѹҵΣֲܶһиߡ
Ȼ֪ʲôģһÿ쿴飬ΧôİҲ֪ݱضһ㡣
һǾ뿪һӮҵİҲŷڲߵĵط
ҵͷô£Ϊҵİȫ
һÿ꣬ҶҪصҹһ¡ҵ۾ҵĴ𸴡
һӣȴÿֻҪһµʱ䣬ӦҪӦ
ǣֻ֪ƭԼɣΪѾʼϰˣҿҲܽԶټĽɡ
Ҳõģеģͷϡz
Ȧң΢΢һЦǲһҵĴˣ
ôĴڣǣϢ
ǸأҴûһǸ磬ÿ춼硣ԭðһһģҺ˶Գۣ½飬⡣Щ֪İɣֻԼԵװʲô
ΪǵıﺬãһΪѣǱ˻أصѵλáīǲǿһ㣬԰ҾңӲİӡǴ
ǲѾ֪ĴڣԸһȥأΪҾͲٺ
ڲߣҶ
ҪģôȷɹˣҵȷʵѾĴڡҵ̫ˣ̫ױݣҲǸˡ硣
ûеҵĻش𣬶Ǳңȥһȥҵ·ǱҵȫִԽĵط̽룬ۡ
˽𣿡
ҡҡͷ
Ҷĩһǳ㡣
ǰܰңȴԼרĶһˡҲҪøҸһ޶ĸ顣ǣѾˡ
ҪѹĴҵĴҲã㰮ңҲܰƲҶ˵סңҳԵǡ
Һ˺͸ҲûһҵĻĽ࣬

˴ʱ䣬ҵڷϰ£ڴӮīİ֪ÿ̿ϰΪ˻ؼңȻûֹҷҡҵҲ˺ܶࡣ
˰뿪
뿪ǰһ죬û֮ǰÿһһڴƴҵ壬ǱҾڳߣű̵ˮ
Сѩ߻أ
СѩɣҪҺúš
ҲǶСѩ棬СѩҲ׽ɡ
춹أҪ𣿡z
춹һֱһƥر˳ǸտʼѧʱīġܺõʱٸһƥģҶԺ춹˸飬ûٻ
ţ춹Ҵ߰ɣԺˡ
˵Ժ󣬳Ĭˡ
ÿʲôʱ򣬵
ʱɡÿһ£ôѡ񡣡
ãʱ򣬻ȥ㡣

Ա߳裬ܺܲܳô˵
衣ˣǴκͳ½һ㣬ҳһΡǡഺû顣
ҳһװɣرϲһ׸衱̧ͷۡ
Ҳңͷҿ̧ǰ˽ׯ԰ǳ


ӳҵ
ôת۾
˫
ôȴ˿
ҵĿ
ôû˵
ʱ
ڻ֮
񰮵ĸ
ԩ껪
İͷ
˵Ű
˾ζ
ӭ̾
ӳҵ
ôת۾
ҵĿ
ôû˵


ĳҵؼңȴе᲻һһҹҵĸ
ڶϣðݣǵʱȥݣ߱㣬ʲô£ҲŸҡ
ҵͷ۶ȥûлͷһۡ
ǸҸϳѾͬΪ㵽ңǻǷ¶ޡϴθᵽܿԻؼˣӦöڵ˰ɡ
˼յʱϵ˵۶Ҳ뱩¶ī٣ϴݣǸңֱӸϳةฮҾΥļҡ
ŷ˿ңĻ˵ˣҰǣݸһ˿񱼽ȥͨﾹе㺦µĸоǽ
΢Цīѧһ£úչƥԸˣҾֱϤļ԰ȥ
Ų˼׳½ͳǰĶǻȴ֪˵ʲô»û˵ͻֻ΢Ц
ȴѾ棬ᱧסξȻˡұףͷļϣסҵ۾׵·͸󣬻סңһʱ˾ͥԺ

16
ˣ·һˣȻ°ɡڵľȻ½ʪȴǵȰοǡ꣬ĳɳ˰
æᣬõӣǲˡı˵
ͷЯ׺ͳ߽½һ΢ЦæŷԸ˵õ·Ҷš֪ǺͣӵĻȴ޷һ
һͷӱøˣֻǻûжҿ˵һ仰ΪʧٵԵ
ס֣ϰߵĻȦȦҪСҳĳҪѹĳ
ϻȦָıңҪǶҲ˴δεᡣҴС嵽ǸһͿ޵ĺӣѾɳǰʵˡ
ϧ黹һģҲסģοѧԺҲûп޹ĳһĬĬᡣ

ҵİ£ֹᣬֻҵһֻ֣Ϸſ
תͷ½һûü˵һ仰
ֻʪ۾ңڳʹ޵ʱ򣬰οסһɳ꣬Ѿ˰
ҺܸмһֱڵͳߣһֱڵȴҵϢ
½˰ɣֻЦ˵Ȼ˸мҲ֪˵ʲô
㣬㣬һѪллҲû˵ˣҵȻˡʱ˵Ц׺ͳ¶Цݣһˡ
½һøм֪
ʱſһɧң硱վҳ˼ĺˣſĿҡ
硣һұ׷Ը֪ͨ˰ɡ
ȦҲǺģһ··һˣʲô£ǹ˵ȳȻúϢһ¡
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˱ֺһ½оǿ޳ˡЦŰҸȥϢ绹г½ĸһصҵķ䡣
ҵķûʲô仯ܸɾиĶȷһֱסŸ棬һҵĴһڳԾУ˳ȥ˵ҺúϢʲô˵
½𻹺һ㣬ֻҵ֣һ£ȻһЦȥˡ
ս𣿸᲻һعͷ͵͵һۣȴѾڻһҲܶҲ붯Ϳڸϣ磬Һ㡣
㶼ˣٲҪˡ
ҺۣŸĲȥҪ͸һҪøʵʵ֪һˣҪ籧ңһֱһֱҡ
ߵߣſպõϣҰַҵ¿ϣȻЦŸĺоĻȼӲ⿪ҵ¿ۣһѵڳ¶ıѹˡ
֣ԼĲӣšǸġ˵紭Ŵһĸָĵط
ϸֻҵ壬ҽ
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죬øҪҵģǸ񻹳һְɡ
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ǰѸ緭ǵĵһһҰͷͷҼĵطֱøˣ궼ûнԵʰɡ
һֱڽɣнˣǲȥˣҲñġȫҵģȫǡ
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һǲϵͷֱĻٴֱͦҽȥ
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磬㻹ڵʧȥң㻹ûаԼȫҪ㣬Ҫȫ㣬ҲҪĺ£ҪԼȫҡ
֮ŸúɡĹҵֱϣΪոĹϵĻĵڲݴĴҵĻͣ
ֻרĵٴεĹҵֱĻֿʼ̧ͷˡҰƽֿʼһֵĳ壬һϲͣı任ƣûнƵŸ磬øָ̬ҡ
Һ⣬һҲûоܾҪڳڱ˿ơҲ磬ҲҡֻҪ嶼˽⣬Ҿ
ڸ֮ȫ˳֪Ƕڸ᲻Ǹں۵»ǲ뿪Ҳ뿪ҵĻڸҲûгһֱڸſһ
ĴıǼ⣬Ķͷüۣͷ˵˯ɣ˯ɣҾһֱ㣬˯ɡ

糿ʱỽѸ磬磬Ҫ糯𣿡
һҡҡͷɳƵ˵Ҹ١
ͷñ˯øſ˯һҹءҸԸˣǰ緹ͽ
һеĸ绹ڻ˯ˡѾˣͱŻеˣıϣϣβİĦ
緹ʱ˴ߵӣҲκ˿ӡ
ҵĶӸ緢һָȦǺʪΪһô
ҵֽĶëɾڶΧᰴĦϣЩ
һһѸ磬ڴְѸ౧ڻñӰá֣𴲱ϵһһڵιԣһǸҡҲ۳ˣǾҹ
ȻǰܸɣǰȴһֱӡҰе
һڿڵιԱȻԼҲҴҵĺࡣǰûʲôӣ˫ֻҵȻȥ
ãҲȥ´ſһǺñӣһϸϸĦ磬˯ɣҲߣ㰲ĵ˯
ſϣ˯ȥˣͷķҲ˯˸

17
ʱ򣬸˯ˣҰ·˫ӣ·Ҳе֡û컹̫˰ɡ
ұӹȥﳿǶ֪
ֻ˿Ļ᲻˼ҲṦ
˷ͳ½ұŸ֮еı顣ڸͳм䣬緹
һǱŸصҵķֻǳ½Ҳûż£ȴ̲ס˰ɡ
ĸҷİԣһߺȲ裬һľʵ鶼ÿµˣִֻһˡ
ôڻˣ½ʡ
ţһܴǰҵİˡ
ȻֽŽ˺īǸԼʱ˶ߵĸ磬ҪϾͷӡҸϽһְڻ緢Ǻֲܿ顣
ܻңҺܶණȻ꣬ҲϣҲҪűòã
˵ɫѿ
ȣҴûйʲô⣻ΣĹ۲죬ΪǺܲǵΪΪŷһģҲϣΣա𣿡
û˵ҺīһĹϵԼǵԹϵһ֪ôڡǿܶ뵽ˡΪǸԼܲѰ
˵£ҸоһЩǱ߾ͽ½ˡƺлҪ˵Ǹһֱһֲ˵ӡ
ڼҵʱ仹أʲôԺ˵ɡ΢Ц˵Ҫ˵ʲôҴҲ˽⣬ֻһûҪôҲһеģеˣȥ˯ɡ
ǵͷһȥˡֻʣҺһĸ硣˯磬Ӧòˣﻹ𣿡
΢ĵͷҽͰϴˮ·Ÿϱµϵĺۼ컹̫˰
ŸˮңĸȫĶᰴĦϴֻ֮һͰˮһ
ǰģţ־ܸɡʹǰ£Ҳûӡ
ǴʼͲô˵ֻǿңңȡǰұȥȻҵȷøߴˣԭ
ں£궼ߣҹҹȴңңĶĥ˰ɡʧȥңûʧг½ҵ뷨һǲǶŵĸ絣ˡҲ𣿸硣
ԲǰôӣʱץҲţ磬Ұ㣬ôܲ㡣
磬ǵ壬ǱڴȥſһȽϲʹ
ÿ˶޹ˣֻͷβûеᣬǿ޲𣿸۾ſһҰĦ塣
磬̸̸𣿡
һͷz
õģҼ磬Ȼ겻ڸߣûֹͣ磬ûǸ磬ÿĻҲΪ˸磬֪𣿡
۾һһˮͷ޳ͺˣֱüۣᡣ
Ա˺ң߰Ҵˣ粻Ҫĺòã
궼īһ𡣡һ֮䡣ȷʵ˺ܶ£ڸ϶ԸǸΡΪ˸磬б
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˺ܾãֹͣ˿Ҳ뿪㣬ԶҲᣬҲҪ뿪ңòã
Ҳ뿪㣬ԶᡱֻҪ㻹ҪҡѹѾʹˡ
ԺҪҸˣҲֻǸ硱ֽ˵
һԺͽĩĩòãĩĩϲ𣿡
ͷĩĩ۾ˡһ۾ĳЦãָԭӡ
һκҶϲҪұţҶԸ⡣һҲκӣֻҪĩĩˣͿԡֻǣһﻼûʧһﵣĺ¡ѹҲֻһĸο
ΪһңĩĩǷصӡһʲôӶԣֻҪϲԸһ⣬ܾҸءĩĩһȢˣֻңҲᰮһ
ĩĩҵĸ£˵꾭£飬ҵİᣬҲ˵еұŻŷġ
ǾĦڴ˵һֱҸĩĩͿҩȻİĦһ硣
ĩĩҶ˵ʵǺʹֻң㱧ҡ
ס˵ͣϲ㰴ĦҲϲ㣬ĩĩʱҺĩĩݣһȥòˡ
ų½Ѿ͵˵£ǸԼûʲôֻеǸԼײҪģīٿңҾ͵ǶȼٺˡҲֻʱǡ
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ҵͷ޷ġž͸Űɡy
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һҪ˵ǵĩĩ˵ɡҲĩĩҿĵطѹ
Ҳһٵĺӳ½ľġ
ĩĩ꣬Ϊˡ
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ĩĩҵֱߣ½ҵֱߣ̸֪ãһȲɡ
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סҵֻ֣ù֣ʼȦϣܰĵӡ
ҿ½½һӺ۰Ƥ½Ҳ뵱ڵĩĩ£ڳİ£һء½Ȼ½𡣡ΪôҸô졣
½豭ҪĽţҰעһô
ҡǡϲ㡣ôһһֱġ˵һһĴӴ˳ȥ½𣬻ôϲߴûҵĻش𣬾ôǺҾܾɡ
ʱ򳿳ҲˣᶪңǲǣҺöǰŵġ
ԣҲᶪ³ٴα֤
Ǿͺá¶Цݣ̽һҵ죬ȥˡĪǾǰĳŵˣ
ʣҺ͸磬̽ڻղŷЩѹ˰ɡ

18
֮Һ͸綼û⡣
һЩҪ紦ͿʼҵǰӣܿأڰԱߣ֧ͷҵĩĩ
ٽûϹĿ鷳ƺĺӣϲЩҲĩĩϲİɡ
Ȼĩĩٽ磬ȴûô׸ĿڣһֱǳҰҵĸ磬ҵˣҵĩĩ
ҵǰʻ칫ӡȻһｿߵȫͬͬϲ˼üд۾ר־ĩĩѾʼϺˡ
ڴˣðЩӣеƣӡһȥԴȥĦ
ǿΪ̫õԭ򣬰ĦŰžͱζĩĩһＤѣֿʼص²ݮӡӡ
ڻѹڱȸ绹һأָȥ̽ľҡ
һҹ
΢ЩûаѸ۵̫˯ȥʱ컹΢ˡϲſһ˯ƣþſ˯ˣҰ
ҰָᰴĦҪúչĩĩء
ݼٵһ죬һһ춼ֻϵʱֻҪһΣΪǵڶҪ糯ˡϴˮİĵ˯Ҹϴʱ˯ˡ壬ͷϣŪһϴԷĹһһǱſϣ˫ָŸ壬˯ȥˡ
΢΢ʱ򣬸иˣ͸绹డҲ˴ùٷŵ͸緹Žӳˣܻط˭
ȥʱ򿴼ͥԺأÿ춼ġԴʼԺʱǰˣлΡ
˵һû㳿ء
죬ڹͽûϰҲͥԺ￪ʼȻʼ𣬹Ҷǿܺƽ֣ųҵĿԡ곤ء
ͣϢʮ־Ҳܾϳ˵ѧīڽ㡣
ҵͷǰϴγΪжʱҾͺѹԼ书㡣ںˣҲԱˣˡ΢Ц˵һĺȥϴɡ
ͷȥˣǸԻصԼķ䡣
СʱǶһϴģʱﻹĩĩΧֱǷֿסԺ󣬲ŵϴġ
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Ұˮ£̧ͷôˣ
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ҵԥȦͻȻˣҪתȥߣһϴɡҲޡ
תΪϲʼһ·Ǻһߣǿ׳ǸΰӣԺȢӣҵͰû͵ȥ
ѹ·˽Һ͸ƤƫףƤȴǱ̫ɹĽɫΪң̫Եʡ
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ӵͷı飬۾ţë΢΢ţڽ𡣡
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ͷҪ㣬Ҫһ͸¡Ǽᶨ˵˵ת׾
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Һ½֪͸ôġԡĽ͡
Ǹ㲻ǵǲΪңϲԵˡ
Ҳ˵Ȼ֪ͽˡĤһȥҸղŴҴҴϵӣһҵչǰеܲҡ̾ϢְҲˣ׳ǰء
̽һѹϣҡҵϼﻬеӲӲġĶķǳðǱеԵļоβҲأӲӲģ̵ģеԵӡ
˵֪ôˣֻһֱſҵ͡ѾʹĲУȴֻ΢ҡС֪ôһ
֣סĻȣҲءұͲ֮ˡһãһֻץİ»ֹͣңͷҵļϣֵĽ࣬סĵҲͷɫͬһɫأѵҲܹĸο
Ұѳŵһֲͣߣһ߿ʼҧĲӣǣǡؿڵȻǳУҿҧʱ򣬳ͻȻˣȻͦһͦﱬˡ
һҧؿڣڸ߳ܸĿС

19
ǿһﴭϢָˣϳղ緢Һ壬Ұ̽ûбľ֮
ȷ֪ôģԵҵָ̽ʱûоţſĸ󣬷ҵ̽Ѫ͵Ķ
ôɰĳ̲סȥָоųܽأΪܶԵʰɣѾҷˣȴر
ҲԸоرã壬ƺȽϲء
ܿģҾȥһָֻתָָоȣƺһĽץҵָҳȥʱңҽʱӭҡ
أҵָĳ¾ȻҲҺָܿĿ˿ûгܲ˵ļȻܽҵָԺܺõĸоĴƽʱµĶڣѾŵôˣȴܹҵĴǺǣƺǸﰡ
ĳָҵĻȵڳĶϣ˵Ҫˡ˵ֱӵֽȥýذסңһͽȥıĦѰҳеĵطӣҪʱ򣬳ȻѾѧԼڣҡҺܴĿУֽ
İҵĹѾ̧ͷˣҲʪֻΪеԭ򣬳ܲҳȥÿҪ뿪ƴսסңֻǳǳĳصĲ롣
տ壬˿̾ȻһҵޡҲܰѳԼֻһһεĲ룬ԽԽͦҲĸȱұֵĽǶȡ

һﵽ˸߳ҲƴҲ緢
Һͳһܸ߳ϡ̺϶µİǡһڿҴϢҳԼָڳµĶëɾǵ壬ɵȥ
§ļ򣬶ԴӻԺ󣬾һֱҡ
첻Ҫȥ˰ɣһϢòãʡ
ͷӵñӣ˯ȥˡ
ʱ򣬳ϰͥԺϣǶ֧˸ܸǻ½ҲˣҪվҪҰҲȥǷƤӡ
ҺͳΪѾղͬĿ⽻㣬۲ת֮Ϣ½ȻҲһ㣬ȵһŴ⣬½ͻһСεϡ
½ʶʱ򣬾ͺһߡ⼸Һͳ˺ܶ࣬ȴû٣ҿһССӣһ
ܲƺǿ
ϣӦӣһֻŭСϻЩʧЦסôˣ飿
ƫġָصɰģǳʶʱŵ磬Ҳɴ۾ҡ
ôƫˣһЦȶϰȤˡ
˵ͳʲôˣ죬ѱǼⶥҵıӡǰһأû뵽ûгľһЩСӵС졣
Ҳֻǰ˰ɡ
΢΢ЦţסҶʲôˣڶСè
ңʲôҲҪСèľԡ
Цˣ־еˣöͷĶͷ۾˵СҲܸר־ĸ飬ٿǿǺòã
ͿǺˡ½ʱıأҺܾúܾǰˣֻҪ㡣½ͷҵؿڡ
ս˫۱ãˣ֪ˡͷôòã
һͷҵ˯ȥˣҾһ磬һ˯һֱŻ˶ֱ̫ƫϴٻɫĹ⣬ɫеˡջϸŵı̺
˯ˣĽë΢΢۾ƺеãںδ
ҾĵһֵЦݣֿؿѡ
һֱڸİȴͻȻϵãǰҵһ˸񣬡빫ӽȥһˡýӣðȥܵˡ
Ҷͷͷˡôˣûһøеġһ£ɫһתŭΪϲˡźӵ
ұվվãСȥҵﻹĩĩ˵һǱҳˡòã
׹СԹԵĵͷһԴͰṦȥʹˡ
ص㻹鷿ҽȥʱվڴڵҡתֱңôȻôࣿô
ұ΢Цţüͷǣҵ֣ڰԵĵ̺Ȼңҡ
һֱڣֻ˵ˣôôࣿæ𣿡
ң۾е΢΢ʪҡҡͷֻ꣬Ҫһ뵽ΪңŲ֪ʲôطز˼ңҲ֪ôҾͳԲҲ˯á
Щᣬס֣ұ߲Ĵ̫ˣȻܻؼңȴǺܻÿ¶дţ㲻֪𣿡
ͷ֪ǻǾѹ
΢΢һЦˣⲻǺúõôǵĻʵۣôܲ壬ҲˣһԷòãȻһ߳Էһ߸㽲ľīʵǿߴ˵ԵʣʵǰҲƽˡ
ͷʹŻ׼ҰȵĹҵľûôǳˣīԷÿͶоƣҶǼƷƣҵľѾˡ
ĹҶʲôѧʲôûīÿ춼£ΪһīݣҲīˡ
ûǸԼ£Ȼɫѿ
磬ΥΪһʵ۵ԭ㲻Ҫ׷ˡ̧ͷλɫĻʵ۱¡
ΪʲôȻꡣѵ㰮?ͻȻ۾ҡ
Ҫǰ˵ᱻһֻǵĵͷϣǵģҰˣŻһʵûа˵һӡڣҪģҵģѾõˣԲܴݵķɰɡ
紹ҿ񣬡ôҶĩأ㲻𣿡
ôءһǺǰһûһֻ֣иࡣ̾Ϣ˵ҵﲻֻĩĩһˡ
͵˫ۣľҶĩݵ±ˣôǲ˵ҲпݵҡƵǰ
㡣Ȣô๬ôӹôûз¶ҵͷݵԭ
ǰվţҵ۾ȴҵĻشҰ̾˿£ֶָʢһ뷹ҪԼ֣Ժ˵ɡû취ش㣬ڡ
ƺҵ̬Ѿʱˣ뷹ʳӣҷģһΪ㲣кĸС

20
˷ҵҲ˵ĲˡҿҪӣΪ˲뿪ҺȲ衣̾˿λųҳΪܸɵĻʵۣǰȻһ档
㻹ҪɡҺŲ赭ʡ
е㾪ŵĿңûϵٴ
㻹ڴɣ㿴ˡҳһ˵
ͷ鰸Կʼ˱ҷš
֪ˣҴ򿪴վڴǰ˵ƺˣߵһ档
ɲ£ҡʡ
ҡҡͷûкĩĩ˵ᵣĵġתͷʧЭһ㣬˯ɣҵ˯ٻȥ
˵ĵͷҵ鷿С䣬ûʲô仯ɿҵ֣ºѥӣݵڴڴԺҪúóԷúϢҵʱ򣬾ҽɡҵ˵
ͷ˫ҵһֻ֣۾˯ȥˡȵĺþˣҵҲɿˣַŽȥҴñӡûѣҳ
صĩĩСȻû˯ҷҡ΢΢һЦôôȥ˯
һһЦǣҵ֣ͺãһȥ˯ˡҵͷһ¡СҲչϷдšҲҪ֣Ҳһ£Ȼе㲻׵λãǺͳһȥ˯ˡ
ʣһֱ̧ͷĩĩҡ
ҹغŴȥһֱûгĩĩڻȻȥñӰȫġѹˣֻһֱرԱһǱĽܣΨжĩĩǾֵġҶԲǣҲΪھζɣᡣҪһһһ
ĩĩҵĻͱ･ůҰ֮䣬ܵİϣ˫ֱסҵĩĩҵĻͷҵļϣõƵ˵ұѾ׼ǿʱ򣬻Ǿúѹ
ĩĩͷüۣĩĩֻҵĻѹĩĩֻܸҡ֪ǸܲõˣҾſĩĩˣĩĩ㶼ֻһߣԶĩĩɡĩĩһһֻҵˡĩĩûУĩĩ˵
ĩĩȴЦˣһͷ
ҲЦˣĩĩĶͷԺĩĩҪңˣˣѹˣкõĲõҪңΪĩĩҵģȫҵġеԵ˵
ĩĩһֻ֪ͷұĩĩһһһġҰŵˣüۣӣ壬꣬һһֱˣÿһ춼ҵġ
˺ֿʼ˹ɵС֪Һͳ£ʼҪϴ⡣
صһµʱҸīдһţһǸܿһšӴԺһÿдһţһͲǽԼˣʱϰףʱͳСȥ羰
дŵĶī֮ǰûҪôֻΪ
СǰΪҵСѾʰˣ˼Сݣǳȥﻭɷ磬տż˯
Сڵ۶ҽݿˣΪҵԵʣôȥˡҸȥЭȥһ
һ黭ãһֱڼﵱ׳棬еˡÿ¶һ۸ߵãĿǰҵ뻹Ǯ󲿷ֽˣҲãҲãˡ
ԽԽ࣬ԽԽе㵣ܲܵĹôӴҵ鷳ӣԵ֣Ǻϲ°ɡ˵޼鲻̣ҿɰĳҲǸء
ٲǮϽָǸˡҲĩĩСȻҶȱʲôľϲܸˡ
һҺСϳǸСȣķ˻ã֧𻭰忪ʼСԱߵңҰɣСεĺ͵ͳĩĩһ뻭һûе
ʼСԼ⣬ûҵĽڡ˰ɡ
ôͻСɡg
ðɣҪﻭȥɡҵͷ
Сҿʼ㻭Ƭ˻ܹȥڻУͻɡ
ҵͷʼʣûɣСִסˣˡ˵
Ҫұ˯ɲˣҵͷҪɿܹҰڻҽһ̺ӣ̺Ӱһ˯
ҾһƬ˻Զİ֣ϰϰ΢硣ӣҲܲ
С˯ֻ۾һתתģ֪ʲôءĶͷСô˯ʲôأ
̧ͷңôҪأеŵ˵
ʲôʱҪˡеЦ
ǲҪҡͳʲôˣǲʼԹ
Цǲ˵ֻǲ̫ż
żȻֱ׳˵һ㺦ҲûС
̲סЦСżˣ
ﶼżˡЦʮߵ˵
ˣЦС죬ʪȣĶСࡣ
Ϊʲôôӣٵȵȡ
ҵͣˣȴͣʼһŤ·С·䣬Ҳ
ȻǼˡܺŵӣСѵкܶྭˡ
ܿԼ˸⣬۰׵СӣȫһﻹҰⰡҸϽ̺Ӱ
СҪˡҰ¶ĽȻûбˣǱϾ棬ѹ˻Ǹоֵġ
ȴңÿҵĳۣͿʼҵĿֱ۰ڻСҶҾҪŶҵ
СһŤŤȥҪҵĿӣ̵Ѿܲˡ
С̧ͷ죬ҪƤͷʹӡ
ҲеЦ𣿡˳˵֮ı֣ҶСҲʲôϣˡ
Сϲĵͷɿ⿪ҵĿ¶ѾʼʹĲ֣˫Ȳ濪ҵϣƽʩֱҵİԼݴǸСҲ̧ͷˡ
ûжֹֻȥϵСŬӡҾúǻȵҵİѾ͵ķӲʱС˫ߵ϶ҵĻȣĶھʹ
ͷ󺹣ƴ״ֱ̬ӽǸûоĵط˵ġġ
СɵϣΪŽȥͿ𡣡

21
СɵϣҰӵڻԼɡСûʲôࣿǴϿܻЩ
ţСڽǶ·﷭ңȻһСж
ʲôõģ
ġǺǣСƽڱƤһ飬СϹ¶ppֻסҵĲӣͷҵļϣСƨɡ
̽ȥҵǸĶڣڱͿ˺ܶ࣬Ȼ󻺻ĴתҪ
̫ˣǵڻУϣƨɵšҿСڣС߸ߵĶķ羰ʶһʱ򣬱ͱӸˡ
ΪСԵʣСоҲرСһţһ˵Ҫ۵ûҪŶоҼϵͷ
˺ܾãоﻹرҲóȻ룬СҪ˰ɣ̫ˣ˵ġ˵ָ
ҪҽҪίǿӣ̾ϢĴ
ҰеУĻѨҵĻȣҵĻһĶֻȥһ㣬СӦˣҲһ㣬ģֱСȫûңҷԼϣղΪʹήҵС΢΢̧ͷ
ӵ壬壬ҲʼԷĶСƨɡģѾˣСȫ̧ͷҷſϣԼһһ¶壬Сֽˡ
ĶԽԽԽԽ죬ûСԼҡСƨɸ߳ˡ
֮ĿϣСҿɻûеءұĳţղеĺͽڵĿκˣСһֻҰڶ
ƯϸĲӸ߸ߵСѨңѾһжҡ
ºûмŸ·Ǳ̺Ӱ塣ƺ̫ô崩·뿴Ѿ÷ۺ壬̫µģ
۲ۣҺ̫ˡ˵
ҡҡͷʹֻпʼһʹˡ
ǺǣݴûɵСﲻҪοһˡղŲɾĶڵʱûкɫѪӦûˣǾͺáС̫СˣԺҪúء
̫ƫʱҸС𴩺·ϳؼҡصһӣҽϴˮСķﵽϴһ£ԼҲúõϴ˸衣
˼ٳϵʱڹȺĩĩǰˡ
ȴðңϯҪȥʹһˡҺͳ˵һ͸Űȥˡ鷿岹٣ǷӣĲ١
˵Сƣ˵һǺȶˣҾ˯ˡҰȥ·Ь࣬ǺñӡֺͰؼȥˡ
ֻĩĩǰ飬ҡҹغţϣôе飬ҲЦҡȻģŲ߹ĩĩ̲ס̫ˡ
ĩĩƵǰЦңְڻӵһĩĩҵĩĩ
Ӿһ컬ÿ¶ҽʼʱֻȥôٵЩȴҽżҲ῿ңһЩ׽İʾҶǰǱֵĺƵĵһЩϧԻ̬ȶЩҵıΪҵŬҲܸм
ôԺ껹кüӳһƻ˼ͥĸоǲźۼľܾ׽
ҲЩŵȷ̸ʲô飬ЩӣĵȷȷҪ縸סѾôຢӸ׵磬ΪʲôҪһʱءǱ˴˽ǵӣƺǺܾԶˡ
ҼǵҸʱµԸɵĳȥ硣ҳ˱īס꣬۶ûгȥ
ĸԸģΪĩĩǶ׵ǣţ߲ˡֻ½ҿԴߡԣԸǡ
ұϾ겻ؼңǶ˺ҵķ롣ٹɣ꣬ÿ껨ϼµʱȥ濴羰
ûʲôƻֻ뻭ȥ羰չ˺⼸ˡ
Ҳ֪ǲǸʲôرʹҼǵǰһϲ˵ûʲô壬ҲҪѰʲô塣ҺͬĻǷҪĺңҪжô壬
ƽƽӹӹµµģŬÿһ죬ÿһ죬ҵˡ
ܿ͵˺īһ֮ԼǺܲģĩĩǺܲˡ
һ˺ܶʱŰǰf
ҵֻ۵Żױ˵
ź춹Ͱһ뿪·˦ˣ֪ǵҵİȫûзīϵׯ԰ʱīȥһһҹĳߵҡЦҴû뿪
ȻǽӵһϤϢһĺܳ
һһ궼ʲôҲߵļˣһҲᣬǱҶѡ
һһȪȻһȥϰڴȴͣңһֱ棬òã
ôͻȻıˣֱס˸ͰѹˡôͻȻҪˣĶǵ˵
Ϊҳ̫ƽˣǰûʲôȤҲԸ⡣ĳûԱֻǵжϣȴʧЦ
ðɣҲǳԸҺ˸īҺϲ۾˶ڷ⣬űˡȥסĴֿʼҵһҹ
ڴʱȽϲ滹桱
Ŀǵһ£ֻҪ㣬ҶϲǺǣҲ˵ء
𴲣ȥȪϴ裬ûΪֻһ¾ֹͣ˴Ǿǰһ£һ߻飬һ겻Сѩ档
Ҳ֪Ҳڵ11ûбˣҲʡϾԼеģֹһ̸ʱĸһҲֻһˡӦ˵Ұ֮Ͳκˡ
һҷֿʮһﶼڽһ˵ǲ̫ˡ
ܲȥأһȫεĵطĴӪᵽǱȥ
΢΢һЦƽҵüһѾ׼ˣĿǰУҪһʱ䡱Ǿͺá
㲻ڵʱҵҲǿңƽôæҲ˲ϣͲҪˡ΢ЦŰ§ڻ

22
īпյʱҲҵĹһ궼ڿ̿ϰûлķϣǻԶԶĶ֡ŰɣΪƽԱġȴЦ˵ҵѾܸˡ
ҵûʲôһû˲ˡһ˸ʱֻҪпգҲҡׯ԰ǳûʲôӮҵĺ춹һƥСĸٶȲ̫ˡ
ܿһ¾͹ȥˣһҹûʲô£ԡ󣬵ٸĵͳӵһһڻǰ˿Űеӣ˿̵κǵĹˣһҲһæµЩˡ´ӲңҲ³ʲôġ룬λãôһĳЩΪʦѧ֡
ɢĵ٣еĵȻ΢ЦΪαװαװıԣ˽Ժ󣬲ŷǾľҲ֪Ĺ˶ҵִڵλõ⣬ȫܵȻˡҲǿ̫࣬ܿһаɡ
ϸϸġüۣĵȻ΢Цҵ˫֣ҾþõӻֽϣҲˣֻҪб˴ˣ㲻Ҳˣ˵ϵİԶʤϵľȻҲǸǿҵˡ
ҲˣˣҾϣߣʹ඼ߡ
λõˣҪʲô練ƣԵģκϲû߰飬Ϊ㣬ҲͳΪݳƷ
Ҳ֪ҪԶٰӿֻ֪ԸҾ㡣ұĺܺãڵıԼԼʵȫǸɣҲɷ
ʲôǰİɣԲΪ룬Ϊȡ
Ϊģֻ
ʱ룬ҵһϵһͲлᰮϱˡΪǿƣΪҿҲ˵ĺˡ
ĩĩٵĽ˰飬кܶԭҶػ
Գ˰飬Ҳкܶԭҵػ
Сɶµϧ˰飬Ҫԭҵĵȴػ
īʱ޿̲뿪ȴǽ
Һ̶ܴϳɳˣ˵뿪֮ǰĩĩСػţһȥ֮ǿʼػǡ
ⲻָϣоϺ̬ϡr
ǰΪԶԵУһһˡһֱҺԵˣҲúõİرˡָҰǶӵ˻һӦǵ⣬ػǵġ
ǰûǸҲûԼĵȻҲھΣÿһˣΪܸרһȫĸ飬ǱϾÿһ˶ˡ
ھҲҲãҶһӵʱǡǷǵģҲǵһЩһЩɬҿǷǣһúõȥҪ˵ʲôٰ㡣
ȻһǰȴҵһʲôǣУҲǵãôȥأ
īһߵߣıϣڲҵ֣Ѿôãֲʹ𣿡Ѿָ⡣
ᣬѾϰˡᵭЦţңͻȥˣʲô
ϸ룬ЩƲˣȥɡѲصһֺ˲ءȥߺȾƱ;ʹҪߣҲ˴ģˣһա
īһܺõ̸ߣ֪ʱ͹ȥˣɫףҪճˡЯֵ˼ȦŻ̫һ
һԹ緹˻ؼҵתͻȥˣҲûٻͷûؼˡ
任ݣٸĻ·Ϊ˱˲鵽īλãȻ˾ǻ·ϴݣŻصةฮ
￴Լصңŷġ
ĩĩǷĵɫǲĿ飬Цӭȥͷϣĩĩˣá˵ֽ˽ֱۡ
ĩĩңһ·ˣԵ㶫Ϣɣ½ȥˣϲŻأ˯һ
ͷţĩĩҡ
ұϢڼأϷˮȥ֣ڼϢٹҪˣҺˣҪ߶ġĩĩҵߡ
Ҫȥ֣Ҫȥܾðҿܻ᲻ȫܻ߲ˣȲˣ˵ɣںúóԶٷȻĩĩú˯һ
͵һ緹ĩĩصҵķ䡣һǰؼԺĩĩְԼķˣкܶʱ˯ϴˮĩĩһݽȥӵĩĩԡͰĵ̾˿ĩĩ˵һ¼ĴС£ҲţʲôôˣСҽôˣȻýף
ԴһǰؼԺ󣬳ͳСھĴȷЩҹСұҲЩ׵ͬסةҵӶͺܴˣȴûгףѾЩˡõĩĩǶϣڵһ˵ҸҪİɡԺЩԿܻ᲻˵һء
гС𣬳ˣⷽ˺С첻µز£ӦҲûʲô⡣
ĩĩˣΪ͢٣ܻܵ˺һЩҲܱһ㡣
ʵ۵ʱ򣬿ܲΪһͲĩĩĩĩ볯ΪΪʩչıΪһЩʵ£Ϊة˳·ΪҵԵʣø·߲ȥ
ӵĩĩĩĩ꾩Щ𣿡
ĩĩЦţЩһϣһܼ£ҵҲôҪ˵ԴŴžûʲôˣ㲻ҪϡھЩ棬һǻƵزѧģֻףܵʲôѱã
ͷ˵ģˮҲˣĩĩҲ·ֱӹȥҵ¹󣬻ǰĩĩڻſϣһú˯˸
ʱ򳿳½ˣֻ΢ЦĹǣҵ֣½ȴǻվһ߲ҡ
ǺǣΪʲôˡߵʱһ㣬׷ٵңһֱң߲鵽īλðɡīɸҵİˣ˸طϴȥˣɡ
΢ЦֱҲסŵۡһ¶Цºޱȵ½ҽǰȴֻǸ
һڵĳ˷ҪĩĩһطȲ裬İˣҽһˡ

23
Ͱһ˻ʹôʲôأ뿪ʱ˦˸ҵĹаɡ
ĩĩ˵뿪£˻ʺΪ谮мӡѾ뿪Ϊʲôأ
û뵽ҿ磬ôˣʹ뿪ҲûôǷϡĵȥ
ߵߣôˣϾζأüͷ
ˡƺʶˣ̧ͷЦһЦվȴֶҪˤȥæַסȴƱסң֡
ֻһߵĵ̺磬ôˣ鲻ã
һҡͷãһҲãΪʲôҪ˦ȥˡеͷ˵Ǻȶ˰
ҲֵˣΪ˱īǽҪ磬Ҳôġͺ˽ѵģֻܺˡ
Ϊңֲȷʡ
ʵҲе㻳ϷŹīǶݣҲϾǸīôҲ鲻ôܲϣ׷ŹˡôʣĪȷʵ׷ˣֻΪ˱ңںЩҲûʲôˡ
粻˺ң粻磬ǻʵǲǣ˵
ȷҪ¶İīҳͲֻһ˰ɡΪ˼ҵԵʣֻһҡȴīİΣðգ֪ûжҲš
翿ңѹӣҵȷǻʵۣǰֻ硣
㣬磬ҪѹˡοôôأûɫΪҲ𣿡
ͷ̧ͷң𣿡
Ҳ΢ЦȻˡ
Ȼ㣬ûȨȹңǰҲûԻʵԾӹһֱ㵱ѡ
һϲɫԺıңˡ
ǲǾƾˣ
㲻ڵʱ򣬹ɾȻҸСŮͻ飬˵ЦЦǸСŮó࣬ԴӼĻ˵ʲô㲻ޡŮɳ޷죬Ӽݣڵϻ֡ɼŮȻȥףȴܾˡû뵽СŮڼֻ֣ˡ
ɣʺĸףĩĩȷ˵ף˸ɾܾˣû뵽Ȼˡ
ôģ϶ͬģֻǺôؾġЩԻʺһֱ䵭ӹô࣬ȴûһǻʺΪ˻ͻʺĽŹϵӦҲֱӾܾġ
Ǻǣ˵СŮ˵УʺڹжȴϣܰͽǼ͵粻סң¼ԸΪʲôԸġͻµȻһҲˡǺЦţҴûôӡ
ô˵ɵǸʺӾǸŮˣѵΪңôôɵҸɾܾҲˣҪԼȢҾ˵谮мӡ
ΪʺӵĹϵҪ͸ŮȻ˳㣬ˡһЦʺЩһֱװ£ΪЩסŮӣҰӽӽˣҲװȥˡǸӽǳҲǳֱͬһ·⵽Ȼ;вˡǶҾһˡ
ˣȻ󹬵Ҳ˵ˣˣЩˣϢɣȶˡ
ȴһЦһЦ⣬ûȶ࣬ҲϢÿ˯ˡòãòãչҪһش
ͷѾˣסֲұƵڵ̺ϣѹϣҪҵĻش
ðɣҪð͸˵һһΰɣҲ֪ǶΪΪĶж
Ѹֱ΢΢һЦһȥةฮͨһҼֱҪǲûˣ˵˼·ϵһҲ˵ˡͷߣͷѹˡ
һֱǫǫӵģʶʱҺ䵭ĸоֱţԺϵ硣
̾վȥǺñӣȴס䣬һ˯Ҫ
ûмҲмʮ¶ž˵仰ôɫŮӣȻûһס˵
ĩĩǻԼûӴŮӡҲûʲôŮܽǵ硣
粻ͬʲôˣҲʲôˣӶһˡΪʲôҪһ֮ĸ顣
һѾˣǴǰʵӡ
ǵͤеǸįˣҲ̽ҵˡ⼸ǿУڽҵǰδеĺãһݣԽԽ˻ʵ۵ϡȻǲòΪһЩĿģȢϲŮӡҲѾ԰ϲ˱ˣϲŮӵĻ
һֱңڵͷߡϴκһ˯Ǽǰңǲ˵˺ö໰ܹصһҲҷаɡʱһǸĺء
ǽûôʵˣֽȫõĲͻҵĶԱߡ΢΢žĺô
һҲ˯šǹ˺ܾã绹ŵġоĵĽëſҵ̵ģǷհɣҲĶͷȴСһӲӲĶ
ԭԭ򰡡
ǲˣȴҶ˵һֱ㣬ҲһֱҪ㡣ҿҪ̲סˡ˵ͣͣ룬һֱҪңǲΪкöӣҲеϲҵĶԲԣ
ҿЦһ£ôشe
Ҳ˵һĻʵۣǰֻ硣ǲЩŮӷңҾòãҰԼòã
һʱʧ
ȴѾʼˣĽ⿪ҵ·һǱĻƻˣҲȷ˵ҵ£ҾȻûֹѵҵ·ңǹҵ壬Ȼס
ĲһһӿͿ쵽ﶥʱֹ촽ѹ£һƷ塣
ϻʵҲҪΪƵĹϵͷʹͷҵϣҰࡣ
ˣǵһγңȴǲҲͣҪһϵĺۼҲĺˡ壬Ϊûۡվ棬ģˡ
ҵʱ򣬾ðҡ룬Ժйص£ԺŰ죬ҪԼһ˳еˡ££ҲԺһȻǻʵۣǰֻ磬Ҳ֣´Ҳҵˡ
˫ִҵ֣ͷҸɫ
Ҹͺá

֮
꼸̵˻صУֱ˱ݶϴ
½ˣֻԼڼȻûйռͷһʱ䣬һ𣬻Ǿúܸˡ
ߣԽԽ¶һֳȻķǡԼ͸ԽԽԽӢ䣬ֻƤԽӨ͸òҲһ㡣ů͵ʣֻҪһ𣬾;ƽ֡
ףˣ˯ˣҿʱ˹Ժҡ
ţæˣұطȥ˯ɣ
ðɣȥ㷿ɡҰڻ
ȥҷһźţÿô˵ʱǾʹҪһطҲе˷ܣȻйôİˣǾڴҸ
һ·صҵķ䣬ҵĴϡͻȻֹסҵĲӣסҡϲϲңҲϲ¡
ʱһЩǣΪԼŽҡ
Ǻңҵ塣
ȻǸӣǸӣҵҵİˣҲûʲôԡҿóҵرԡ
ңҵҲʮУ£Ҿú
Ȼұǿ׳Ϊһ˵ӢΰǾ£֣Ҳǳ¡ԸŬȥҾ
벻ҪңջĿ˵
Ȼ룬ҵͷ
ǳ·ͻȻýޱȣڵɧѡ
һ·¶޳õ壬ûһ˿覴ãҲǡô
̲סȥҲݺݵռһǻ᲻ˮһˡ
Լѣȫȥ֪潻Ϳˡ
ȴóù࣬ͿϣְҵǸ˼
ҿ𣿡ҿţһȷ
е죬ǵͷ
ҲһĴָҲҴûȥ̽
ڼɣѾѧ˲ˡҴҵ꣬ҾȲͦˡҲһҲûʲôˣֻռУռУռС
ӱҰڳɸָƣҵĽ÷ۺ壬ϱƵֿʹı飬ú㡣ǻֻͣҪࡣ
һηйеĸоˡ˶ɫˣȫǱҺݺ۰ĺۼóˣûвɫ˿϶Ǻ飬رҴȥϴɣ֪Ǹɲ̫
һҡҡͷҵĶ˵ˣھ뱧ų˯һϴ衱ڸղűҺݺݽĵط̽ȥҸղĶȣΪղŸ߳Ĺϵһһϵţҵָ
УּˣҪҪݺݵǸطҪҵĽʧȥ־ӡҵİָ߸ߵͦˣҲˣ΢Цһ£Ҫ𣿡ȻƫͷסңҵһҲ̲ˣ̻ΪȥһеϵõҪÿС
ϢΪ̫԰
֮Һֱ˯ȥˣѨһֱҵĻȡֲ֮Сļһ£һֿʼˡ

24
صҷĩĩҷ˯ãѵ÷ż˯Ҳû˯ã·굽ĩĩıȥȡĩĩ΢΢۾ңЦӣֱסҡҾСʱһĩĩֱͷؿڣһ˯ˡ
ʱλáⲢ˵ͱ
Ұ磬ϧ磬Ըչ˸磬֮ʱʱ̺ǻ硣
簮ңҶһУϧչǻʹҪ
ˣЩʱദʽ
֮⣬Ǹصˣ綼̳ѵõǣǸֱˣͬʱǸˣΪһԱ˵Ǻܺõ¡еΪȴλ켣ڹٳе˴һͿȴڹԱбȱȽǣԸѵá
Ҳ׵۾¶˵һֳ衣㲻ǳ裬ҲøûţȵȡҺ͸Բˡ
ʵֻҪԸ⣬ҲνģİһǴѰҿ֣Ǳҵ֣˵һ¡ҼȲΪڸ֮϶ø߸һȣҲΪڸ֮¶ѿ
һ㣬ԳҲһġ
ʱ򣬻߷ſɬ߽ģϲӣΪЩ;ģǺһǵصصˡ
Ҳ֪ǲͬʱϲľĩĩǰҶûϲŮӣ޴ӱȽҺ֮İѰ֮İǷ֪ͬҰǣڰ֮ǰǡ
ʱҺĩĩ˴һ緹һ䡣
ĩĩʲôʱ£ͣϢʱ
վߡ΢΢һЦe
ҺһȥɣȻﲻæе㲻һˡ
Ҳһˣһλͬţһ־ĩĩһ߰Ҳһ˵Ҳ᲻㣬ϾǱԱȥ̫ʡ
Ǻðɣˮĵطܾͻ߲ҺСһ£ͬаɡ
ĩĩһ£ҲãҪԸ⣬ʹɡ
ҵͷȥһ°ɡŻ£еѶȡ
ΪҵԼСʱӦûҽݣҽةฮԶϴ軻·֮Ųȥҽݡҽݷֲ˻ͦģŶӣΪСշѵͰɡСȻʱԸţǶͨǺҽĵġ
СﲡҾڲ˺ȴüϸϸ̽ʲ˵һЩȻд·ӡһһҾһֱʱһϣܹòȫȫźͷġңϲӡʶҵʱ⸱ģةฮ˻⸱סڼʱڵǰʱȴֻӡ
˶ˣСʰֱߵĶ棬Ȼûзҡ
С𡱣΢ЦŽŻȴûкúú˵˵ء
һ̧ͷϲر飬˶?
ûкܾãæ͵ˡҺЦܹ˱ڻܾûб˰
ϣܾò˵˵ʹֻǷֿһ£ҲѰİɡĬĬıҸղѾҽݵţС¿Ǵֳϵġ
һһְСȦе΢΢ĺأ˰ɣůůģɵ鶯ĴСҲҵеĻӦҡǵ鴦ֱӱС߽Ϣ䣬Сڴȥ
һһ˫ƵС·СֻǱҵĲӹԹԵҰڲ

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ҵͷҪ֣ҵ߲Сܲܺ͸һȥǻչҲűȽϷġ
һ£ðɣ¾ҵ£ҪһֱҲС
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īߵʱڲرؼңһֻ׹ӸС𣬻ûüءӶֹֻСϡɫܳСķɫ
Сϲɫؿңҵô
ͷɫգ;ɫ㣬ϲ𣿡
ϲ۾磬и⺬壬Żôİɣԭʲôûˣĺܺá
΢΢һЦıӺͶ䣬˸ʲôڲǺܺô
ͷ˸ɰݸңܽⶾӣҲڵʱҪСĵ㡣
ɰԼİɣС廨ϰӣҴ˸ҪĨһͷϵ亹ˡҵı飬СǲµҺ˼ʲôæּ˵ģģ롣
ЦıӣѺɰϵϣʵʵİ͵ĶţҲϲ̵ģ
һ𵽾¥˷Ȼһɢ
ɡҵڡ˴ӳԷʱһֱǣҺСƫƧĵطʲô𣿡
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С𿴵еԾʶˣʲôΪǸ϶ﱨ𣿡С䣵ܾûˡ
ΪʲôȻɱȴûжֻ֣šüë⡣
Ȼв֮ţȴװΪͽΪһмôСЦ˵
ȻĳˣȷĵΪͽҽ㣬㾹ȻһмҲûô
мҵҩҩ꣬Ѫȫж꣬Ҫôнһôܺѧҽһмô
ǻʲô㣬ֶҲֻѧѧǸ˵
ֻܹĶˣֻҽֻ֮书˭һ֡ҲҿˣûϵҾȻ书Բűҵ֡Ҫ־ɡСֵ˵
ҲΪУֻЩҽǷӦûң
СһЦҲΪ϶ﱨڶҽ类϶Լˣ˭ҲŲǸ
ô˵ֻ֪ˣǾͲҪˡ
˺СӭȥҸƣʱسСȻǸˣöѾ뻯ʱġȻСܿһһѶۣȻߡ
Ǹ˹ЦѶȫ̸㣬ôأѾһϽеıܶ飬Ҫôᱻ㶾ˣҪôҽ
ҰСһߣҰɡҵ۾ͷһʱ棬ԽԽ˳ͳʱҲý˺ܶ򡣵һû˻֡´šò̫ݶòҲô˳ˡ
˼վСǰ棬յЦ ŵһҪ𣿻˵Ͳˣ
ĺΪ紫Եģһ޸֮ĻʦةฮΨһ书ĶӣղŸҲڡ
ĳ񽣣űĽҵ΢ЦҪѪء
˼ҲЩ߳ŭŽҿʼֻ㣬ĽʵҲ֣ȴʼ˲ңѾû뵽ʱ֣оʹ̽磬˳ѨʵʵҲǾľ̫һСǴ̴ĿڵĽƫЩôҪСء
һͷѯСȴ֮ɫ
ôˣɱͷ˺ˣԺ鷳һ㡱ƷãǷ书ҲЩֶξ֪ҵʵûʲô壬Ҫǿ¾Ͳֻһ鷳ˡ
Сɵ̧ͷңɱɱˣԡ
Һ񲢲⣬ֻǿɱ벻ɱĺ֪ҵĳȻѾӲˡǱڵвնݳĺãСˣҲס
ҡҡͷ⣬ʲôö
Сͷȷ޶һɱ
סɡɱֵҲϲҪԶˣϣʲô߹ȥúֱӲؿڣֵǵһɱ˵ңûоòʻѹѵĺݶôˡ
ʬôһͷС
СƺΪɱֶδһ߹һɫĺ۵ӣǱܶ顱˵ִŸҵĺɰѱܶ˽ȥԺͷˡ΢΢һЦ
һʲôʱҡ
óһЩҩۣʬϣܿʬͻһ̲ˮϵĽ⡣=_=ԭлʬֶ̫ˡ
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¾ҵ£ûϵģûʲôĸоҲֻýĹشˡҲҴʲôˣ֪īʮһ²ùҲҸˣ֪ôţȴȫԲˣ֪Ƕֻһˣȴӵȫ
СĵһЦǵҿһİɡһǸɾĻˣҲǿԾˡЩҶסҾ⻹̫ˣκһ棬ҶԽ룬ҲҪαװϣǰȫȫķ
Ҷ֪ǰôࡱֱסԺͺˣһҡ
ͷؿڣеʪ˽ô
Ϊǰؼˣúϴ˸裬ϴȥһ


ҪĩĩСˣϺһҵķȲ赯١
ǰᲦŪʱ΢Ц̧ͷңҾڰǰŲˮ
ʱɫĩĩȴˡǾֻţûȥ
˵һϵĻ糿ĩĩС𣬻طٲһ
˯ѵʱˣֳҵԱ߿顣Ȼ䣬ڵ͸Ѭ£ĲɻǲġңСڴһҰʷ֮⣬ûʲôڶЩ飬ϲĿةฮİäˡ
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ͷû緹³ɣԵӡ׾ָѺ
ҵͷϴһ¡
ߵ˫ҵΪ˯ѣȫûʲôͰڳϡȻѾϰ˯ѺƤΪ˳ְͷ·
۲ۣ
áϰôࡣ
ԺҺһòãܾüһ˾̣ܹµӡȻǰ̣߹˲ᣬܶҶˣǾ黹һġ
ΪʲôأΪûȤҵͳҡ
ȤǺܴ󣬿Ǻһ;ȤˡҲѧžҲǼ£Ҽ̫ˣ̫ˣܾԼԱ뱣ˣԸԼˡ
ܸ˵ĵͷԸ⣬Ǿٺòˡˣ¾˵ˡ
Ǽƻûб仯죬ҸīдŸҿʼѧˣȻ˼žǵ̵Լң˵֣ʲôѳŪˣ˼ȫܵĹ¡̫Ʋˣ
ҷͼǿʼӪҲԱָҡ
ȻҴ۾ǾȻмҼԺ⡣һִ˾ȻܵŴ￪ŮԺ
Ȼֲǵͳ֪һԺ֮ɫԼĩĩСĻɽֱӲҵļԺ
Һ˵˵˵ֻ⣬ҿȷʵ֮ҲûʲôƷвˣˡ
һܲ˼زһ䣬µĵԺ׬Ǯģұ֤ûбΪ潡
ΪԺҿʼʮֻīʶ֮ǰƷԡ
ҲʮֻѼԺ͸ңΪ˿ҽͷöȻдԹ
ͳѧ֮󣬲֪ôͷ󡣡ǳ
Ҳ֪˺ĴʵڻһС˰
һҪ˯ˣƴ룬ÿһ磬Сڶˡ
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ͷЦżԱһȲϸɫûǺúõӣŷġ
Ҵ˹˵Ŵӿȡһ̳ơ
ҹô΢һۣϴֻΪ˿ƺģͰҹһͿޱȡҵʱھΡ
ֻһ㣬֪ϲЦ˵
ͷҸ㻭ȥԭ˰ɣϿ𣿡ҲǶôµˡ
ҲǶСʱģͣ滳ͯ񱡣
˿ھƣµȥҵһȻʱģ
һң΢Цſ˵ӣʱԿҵЦ
ƺ֪̾ҵ⣬Ȧ΢ĵͷȻּĹ
Ũʱʣ֪Ӹϴǹٵ𣿡
ͷȻ֪ˣôˣ
ôЩԥǺйصˣҵ˼ɡ
ҵλҲʮˣҲøһ㷢ӵĿռˣҲϣϢϢҲסʵʵ˵
Ƕ˵һһҲպÿλϰøʵˡ
ͷҲãұʲô
Цˣôڹ£㹫¹ͺãصң⡱ְ紹ͷڶץסҵԼϣá
ˣϢɣҪһϻȥȫݣȥ

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īȻĴӪƵ˵۶Ĵˣһ»רһ˵ġթ
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ˣȻһ˯ˣһƣ˯һЩȻְĦҵ£һʹİɡ
Сʱ绹ûѣҰᱧĴϡΪ˯ԴǼɾġ¸磬ָǺñӣڴ߿ǼŵģԽԽһ˵ķɡھĽģѾֻŮˣкܶҲ͸˵׽
Ϊ̫רһ̫˰ɣЩûҾõ߶ʼΪֻҡ
ĩĩȦЩأþûкúϢ˰ɡڣҾػĩĩɣúϢһ¡
ĩĩȴ΢΢ۣѾôеɳƵ
ҵͷˣĩĩˣϢһ£㡣
ĩĩҡҡͷòôһֱ˯
ְҪĩĩѹشϣĩĩϢһϢ
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Ҳ˴ֳͷҵĩĩһֱ˯ֻҲĩĩҪǻ˯Ǿ˵˵
áĩĩҲң˵ھӪһҼԺ
ôһ̻ˮһ̾ʳ亹ֱ⣬ĩĩô
æ굽ĩĩɣȽܹᴦĩĩҪҽ
ĩĩְĽ˵㣬ôЦ˵ôûоӪԺˣ
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ĩĩŵôȥǻȥˣ
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Ц˵ǰΪ˹£ԺҲȥˣĩĩҪòã̧ͷһ¡𣬻Ҫ
ĩĩȴ˿һЩĩĩûоܾңѵˣЩֻţ̧ͷĩĩûб䣬˿ڵĩĩ𣿱òãҪ㷣Ұɣ㲻Ϊֹ
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̾˿ĩĩӵڻеƣĿڵĩĩұһһһǣҶԲס㣬ҲҪֻѡһһһһĻһѡĩĩ
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ǵģȻǶصģһֱ㡣
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һŵʱֻܶǺһ㣬һ㡣
ĩĩͷؿϣֻҪң㹻ˡ
ȻǹΪζƣУǶĩĩЦЦĩĩϢһɣȦˡ
ĩĩȴҵĴĩĩͷҲ˽ҹסšһУȫȫֻǣֻҵĩĩ
оĩĩߣоĩĩҵ·
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ĩĩƺҵķӦҵĴּؿҧҧ
ȻƣͷҵĶӣСȴ©ҪοĵطǵҵĴȣСȡ
ҵȱ䵽ߣָȦҪ
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ҿ˵ĩĩˣ
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ұĩĩƣĩĩڲһ㣬ݺݵϷйֱ˵Σ۵ֻܸſڴϣ΢ͦβĩĩĽ롣
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ĿӿЩ־㱣һ𣿸оһҵĩĩļͦҸоҺ˳ҵĴ£ҵβ߸ߵͦ
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ĩĩҵĴ뱻ռУҲݺݵռղŪʹûУ
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ĩĩЦһҲû뵽ôأҪҵİοͿԴõôĿС
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