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1

һ

ʮĺһɳϣա

̿ϴչɳ𾲼š



ڽԼˣ˫ס䣬

Īڵòʵ᲻ĻֻǲǸˡ



ڲͷϵĳߵİ˵ǣȥգ˵գԶһǹȥһ

˸Ϸţʵֻиͷӡ˴˼󳵣װЩޡ˸̳ӣ˸Ӵһ̳߱СŤһ㡣

֣ʲôߣԱһСʮ˷ܣ㿴㿴ͷ߻һĶ

強Ⱥߡһ۾ߣʲôÿҡҡͷ

ͷȺѾ˶ˣǰûˣ˹ȥ

ߵԣ󺰣֣֣

һعͷ˶ߣû˿

ƽƽ飬ǰߣҪȥҰУ

֣֣ȥˣ

üȥһֻĺϣؿ岻ߣĿԡ

忴˿Ǻ꣬ͻȻֽȥݺݾסǺǰëϣʣô

Ǻͷҡҡͷ

ͬװɵһþǺ걻ֵۣ֨֨л

ҾȳȥҾ͸㣡

㵱֪һ˦ְѺӻ

ǺæҳȥҸ㣡ұˣӣ

Ų̧űߡ

Ǻģұץ˺ЩСҲҲңһȣ

屾飬˵ӳ˶˵Ҫˣ

ǮӷߵĵӣվҲվбۿꡣ

Įë㰮˭˭岢ֱֱ֣̯͵ӵ¡

Ӳ죬⺢Ʊˣһէһ죬ʵȷЩëʲôüǮĺӶˡ

ðպðգҪ̣ôǮ

ЦװһСȥӡ

ܲ˰գץ˺꾱ӣС

˸ˣʩ˵㷨ܲġ

Ǿͺá˵űֿȺ߳ȥиСǰץǺǰһΣţ

Сܿ˰һź꣬һǣԼȥ




2

ڶ

ǺڳֵϣбߴŮúķԻӴֺڣëŨܣЦӯӯ

ֻһ·úڲϣп⣬һŮһķݣʱбɰ

˵嵽˨˰ţиʮµƯӭôŻأڳǻ˺üΡ

أѲŮͷӣ仹Ǻ˴磬Ҳȴǰࡣ

۲һתֻ꣺ѽƯĺ꣡ץôôˣҲƵģֻĴϵĳ㿴㣬ʲôʱܲŪôͷġ

𣿡ƽŪ걻һ·½š

˵ǽ÷ˣӰӣ˵ţ֣߽ڵĿú۷ֱؼˣϴϴ֣¸ҲŪ㡣

Ѻһߣϴֱ˺һӸпС

ĸʼԷһûһ䣬˵ӦҲá

Ƶʱ֣һ˴ݣԼԺˮһ˵Լϴ

ԼںڵתתԼϴ

ˮҲľͰϴ

Լڿھϴ裬Ҳûգ˵

ﶼԭʿɾЩ˵ţ̧ͷ˳ŲȥֻһɹڽʵıӰˮҲʮȱģӣɽҲѩˮоҲʲôϡ¡

ϴ̤꣬ľͰΧ䣬ſ⺢Ūɾ˻Ƕÿģ۴񣬱ͦ

ϴô

궶˶ˮˮ齦ıǼ⣬ü˿࣬һʣûУ

Ӵ㣡ڴֲǱŤе

˵ˮŰѺൽϣ棬ʣ˵ҵȥˣʲô

Ӻ󾱣ôʣǽҴӺ˵𣿡

һԼӳȥæ˵˵˿룬ű˼ߵҲݼ˵ģ٣Զֺͼȥʮûȥˡ

գһ£

˵Ķӣԭľɲ

ǲһ

ţǡ

ٲȥ˵ƣԼ£ٲ˵

ԭɣȥˣһ죬ֻһ̹ϣԼǽнµһƬбǰĻеӰӡڶ죬ڵĵԼ뿪Լңһ·ϵ룬һֱڣҲûд󲮣үү̣ʮȥȻǵãЦòҲģˡĸײᣬҲʡǶΪȴˣʵԼǼ׵ġ

뵽ͻȻ𣬲Ѻߵ£Ŵ¹⣬߷һֻ֧˿ס̣ͨӨ͸񹤼侫ϸ˿Сûȥһ¡

ڿʲô걾ųһţʱҲ̧ͷ

Żصϣűۿ˷þãʣˣ˵ݼֻŮô

šԶͱ峤үүץȥˡ˵ĲΪδ޸˼ҡþò˵ʱش𣬡޵ǱɽͷĹӣֻ鼫õĺꡣ

˼

Ĭһ˵Ǻôҿ

ҵķʿסˣ·Ҳ߲Ҫб˵ݸƷɻؽϼ˵

֪͵ģšһǰֳָϴɫϦպ̿ɽˮеģмʣ벻ؽȥ

ǺûţڷųˣҲʮˡ껶˵湻ٻȥҲĹʲôζ

塰ߡЦڱ䲻ΣĸҪ㣿

㶣ɾɥ

廹²Ҵؽϣòã

㣿겻ţںڰ΢΢̡

ͷٹ꣬ұ͵ɵ̶ӵԭȥ档㵽ʱҰգ

꣡겻ͷشôãһһô

忴ÿɰӣ˵ҾʲôϵҲżﲻǲԸ̫ȥô

ҪҪҪǺ꿴һֿʼûзҲɵҪĹط

Сһ˹ˣлֻ˵ڼ֣Ҳе֧Ÿ첲һ̯֫

ʱǶԺЩ춯

֣´ȥԺһˣֻǿھƮһ̡

Ǻſϣ˺þãڵһ




3



Ҳ֣߹ȥپһᣬǺҲƵ£һһڵȥ

úЦߵǰƣʲôҲ

̧ͷһƣ¸߸ķܾģ߻ֻܿжĺ꣬ӵϣ˯ȥˡ

ڶ˵ĽоѣŴ֪Ǿûˮˡ

ö˶˵ľˣҲʮ֣ȥڼҽЩˮү˵

᲻ģߴ·ʺꡣ

Ҳ֣˵Ȼ

Թ緹ϰϺˡʮ簮ʲôʲôǺʮˣ飬ֻͰ˷ദӥ߹ᡣʲôģîѧѧˣһ˶棬ҲˡҲû취

һǣ㣬ǺɽȥһƬݵϲͣ¡ſȥʳԼڲϣƺ˵ϵ¡

Զʱ֣ĸߴ󣬽ýǷ£̲ϣԵʮۡ˵˵ţ۾תȥˡĲɣڻذ˳˺꣬÷˵䣬Ҫ˱ӡ

ЩǺҵģϵ⺢ӣȴﱧһֻ꣬ҡͷٵأǿس

źץ˰ͷߺȣ޺ݺݸΪ׵ĴһǣܾһӷʱȺڣУ֮һףЦݣǰץסĿɿڴ

ȻƱɫƲɰתڣ¥ӿȥ֣סѱӻˣسС

ŵ£ֻһҪţͷһϿ÷üĿŷһԭʿ棬һ¡

˳һЦǰٶȣԴ߹ˣ廹סͷ˼㣬ɫس֣ȫȻ·ϰҲڿ

Щ˼һ

ţӶɹĸɹҪ˵ʲôͼиҷˡ

ľԼǲУôô죿ɻ֮䣬㵽Ӻ뿴

Ǻ֪Ҫӻغ巿ס󾱣ڻ

Էˡ

ЦЦѻ˷ңٽԷˡ

ԭԼұܻʱҲؼ棬ʱؼ鷿ﲻҳſҲȥ˵˵ǵ£Ҳֻ֪˲⣬Ҫȥȣ˳ĸӺͽ˽£Ҳݼˣ˳ӳǣҲݼһ֮

̧ͷ˿أЦ˺þò绪ꡣ

ؾ񸾴磬ɼҿޣҲϲüҡ

ʵҹ͵ˣֻǸɵûţھЪһޣͻȻ΢΢˾ɫƬˡղš

ţղžˮЩ˳ԭǹӻˮˣЦ

ŷģǸ̸ЦЦҲкͿһ棡

ǰһ󣬼ʣôֶ

˵ղŻ⣬һͶȥˡѸգٽֶǵá

޷޷л裬԰գ֪ġ

ؼˣҪкæֹסˣмͬˣټ

Ŷ

Թؽˡ

ǺںǰеͻȻҪڳ

£̾˿ŵµǲټˡ

ԹӶԵ£Ҳʮֻں޵ġϿҵ˵ֻϹְ½ȴ벻һŲ˺롭

ԥòſڣǲټˡֻȻûţȴϵôҲûһ

Ŷ۳ӣҲ˵

Ҳ̲ס߳ȴżĬĬ

֪֡Щв˳ڣ㻹ǵá

Ҫؽϣȥ˵ţתأҪȥ

ûע⵽ԼѾڲҲĸ׺ͼЩؿ

áðҪʲôҶġغþò˵Ҳ˵һ

⣬⿴ȥһʱֻ˻ò֡

˷ˣүˣܽ

أ̧ͷһʮĻ˽һѱת˸Ȧһˣ

شԼŵôͻȻ͡

Ҳ̶֪Į˺ü죬һ紵Ҳűת۾͵ſˡӢ˵꣬ЦЦϲſվһߣ§סú²úÿ죡

ˣжԸ׵΢رܵĸоһҲ

ͼһһˣĽתԼ˵λӣ졣Թİգ

ǣȻˡЦ˵ؽϵġ

һ㶣һҲѻȸæǲˣ鲽ǼӣҺ˵ģϵġ

֪Ժõþˣص˵£ʮ꣬ҲԴ˻ô

ܻ䣬ֱԵԹ

üˣô

⡭ԹӻϴģȥҪԼ

ƫͷ壺ǰ㣬ȥô

ͷ

̾˿ԭʲôã뵢飬ͿҺﵣġ

Ծһˬˣ

ڶ죬źͼ·漾ƶȥ

˫˫Ժ֣ۼӰԽԽСֱĴĮݵغѩɽңԶвűҪǸ˻̿ռݣһֻȷȷʵʵѴˡ

𣿡תͷۿ˿еĺ꣬˵㱧ôգůЩգ

˽աЩˣ̽ͷϼӣϾЩ˻ȥ

һƬңҲϻ

㲻˵

ܿ죬Ǳ㵽˽ϡ

ʱֵ£ˮ˿Ҷ綯á

֪ϣ˷ܵ̽ͷ䵽ȴǺܾ֮ǰˣ֯Լż򵥣ƤڣԵЩһҲЩ档

һ·͵Ըſڡһ˰ӭ˽ȥ˵ү˲ڣӻڷ

˵áᳵ·ذѺһ鷿ǰţԹӣԹӣֶˣ

ֹͣһɣžصڵϡ

ʱſˣ̧ͷһһҲûиı䣬ͻȻûɵԲλҿƯ۾

ֶԼ֡

֪ҲԼܾǰһ̤ż㱻§ڻ

ֶ벻˺ʣһɺŵζ

ַֿ§ˣи׵ģСʱŮװʱľһƳصؿһָӵĽźϲá




4



ϣݣԼʱ֮գһԿۡҿڿֶͬضǣͷᣬת뿪

ұ˺壬ƿúöЦǰڼʱСģڵ׳Ұˡ

Լʵĺӱȣû˼ҸߴȴҲԸ˵ֻͷЦˣ¶һİ

ԽԽϲȴйʱҪ飬̸̧ܳͷֲԼߡ

˶վû˵ʲôת̤⣬ȴվǲȥֱҹϷţŲ

ź꣬ߵȾͷת˸䣬Ǳء

һƬ̨ͤ¥򳤴Ŀһ¡һˮ鿣ƾһˮӳķǳ˼Ī沨һ鷿˺һŵͷ֧«ѳɽέ۵«έģÿģ㴵ѽơ

Ƶͬ뽭ϵѩɽţԭĮԶģƮլԺζ

Ұӣ͵ػͷȴһʮ˺ͼԼ

ϵ㣬ȴ֪˵ʲôá

ɵӣд󲮣ס̲סЦˡ

ɫƣűź߹ȥһ󲮡㱻һץסڼϸ첲Ϻһһ߻ԼЦüһȶܽʵˣɹҪңһϲ۾һǸģ

˳תͷֻҲ۰ԼЦ峺

ߣүүȥʶôһߡ

ҡҡͷ

ʶҲûϵô㼫ϲʵֶʮָˣЦ

˴ã㿴үͷǶ붢˽лЩģۻˡ

һʼӭӰգɹôڣ

Թ㣺˼ҾĴ֣Ҳ֪ͨҰѣ

Լ·ûʲôãЩһ㣬£ж㣬ԼҲԸ⡣

йү˼ñŮߴʵòҲƯϲкȥ

ѽʲôָë޵ĺ꾪

ҵĺꡣ

ˣɾҲû֮⣬үɨס죬ʾܼҽ˹ȥԣһٺ档

Ѻ굱ԼѣȻǲôӵģе㲻죬¶ίǲˡ

үǺ꣬ʣֶúô

áҸղҲʹˡ

ô

ͺܺá

ү֪ǽ£Щ죬ʣǿж飿

˵ҰʲôʲôҲ飬㲻ö

үɫÿˣæǰ飬㻹ǵô

ʮ꣬ôܼǵãү鼱ǻһڴ塣

йӣ룬ֻǵﵱʱЦͺһʫҲζſڱ


ԵΥ˫顣

˼гҹȻƱڷɣ

ָҳ˲ܵ£֪ү㣬ͬʫһɫһŮ죬ӣֻʫûЦ

죬ѹӣС£ү׺ŪȥغֵȥûôýˡеϼңʲôԷûУδүҿԣʫһöϱңˣ̶ַʫˣͷĻֲ㷢ֻ䡰ߡһЦúʫ

һߡݽԼš

㰵żε

ʱҽܸϹղԣҲЩԾ

嵱ȻԼ˵˻Ҳף˿̼ǣִ꣬㱼һ

Ǻ岻ʶ˻еûߣȽ˲ףסҪ̧ͣͷȴүĿԼ֮תתȥ

űһף֮أ̻δֶҲǶĿȾѡ˵ڣʱգҲʫġȴүŭشϣԼ˵

һ̧ͷȥ׵ңԼ˵ʲô̻δԼĶӣԼҵӵܣֲʶԼʲô֪Ϊʲôҿô˼ֵϣ




5



˵óˣ˺,Ÿײ˵

үԱ߻վŸܣһһӣֲܣֳҵĸӶ̣ǲӣ̶ϣǲŮ㲻̣ôֶһ

ɫ䣬ת壬æҡͷҲֵүүδæһ䣬Һú飡úˣ

үһ㶣֪˵˳棬ŭϢ־üڳɼҲĿδⲻ񻰣ټѾɫܲÿв̣Ҳ˿ߣ

кѣͷģ

æй²㣬áüգ

ɫɨҲҵѡˮ˾ҲҪԵģӦû̵Сӡ

үòӣ赱̨£ӽԺż飡Ҳ㣬ɱ

嵱ݼΪʦ±ô֮

ɢȥ󣬺徹վڼߣߡ

ҵǺӹĻң˵ֶô

ҡҡͷһܣҸղѾүү˵ġ

£קȥٽ飡

ȴһʼ£ȵȥҵ

Ҽر֣ܵЩҲмģֻôӦȥ

һֱվſڣҺӰʧתͷʼʲô飿

΢΢Ծ˫ӣȣԥһ²Ŵڽ֮ޣȻȿǵö٣ѰЩ򵥵

˵⣬һԼԼҲסҪȥ̲źã

ʱи˹˵Դ뼾ȥ᷿

˵˵±ͬƹˮйȣ԰̫߰ʯľ԰һǵһԺǰǼӵ᷿

Ժелߺ󣬲ζԺлݣһ̤ţǰңڴҵһ÷ϲʤ컹÷⾰ȡúã

屧ź鰸ǰã˵ҺԶزȥô

Ϊͼи׷ϣֺ޸ڲˣºˮ˾ҲȥҲأ˼ģȴܻԼңҲֻڴǻԺô죬ԼҲûи㡣Щͬһʮĺ˵ôʣֻվڴߣӳ԰̺죬ȻЦôԶҼҾϣֻԼȥ

ƶǶءһ֪ңҲȥҵ

Ϊʲô

ͷΪʲô˵ţȥеĺ̲꣬ס̧ͷ˵ܲҺһ

Цô᣿ý˵治ȥ㣬úʲôƵģ

¶һϲɫȴת˲ţֵҲ˵壬㲻׵ġ

Խˣȥͷ⺢ӣصûͦ

ʣأΪʲôȥ

㶣ſһߣ˵ҵҲҺһ

ɫԣͷ˵ҪǲһԼһүүˣҾʹҲ֪ǼϲģϲҺϲʱסҼҺˣǿһ򱶣

Ц

ٸĸģֻʣʮORZ




6



ô˵ҲһЦ֮һǵĺôһ仰Ҳ˵ĪҰգ

˵գ۾Ծһˣ㵽Ǻ档

ֻҲſߣµ꣬

μ俴żԸ

תͷԼ˵˷ܲܰһ

ܣվҲýȻҰˣͣŪ˼Ҿߣ÷Ѿ޺ãο

ҲǣֶԺûϢģ

ſԽ䣬ֻ±һæϡ

üúţ

վһָֻ顱һ𣬺ٿкֻ꣬һͺԼµĿŻ˫ۻ磬Դ⡣

лӣ֪Ѳ٣ʿڿӡȻо壬̬ʮֹ

ƽҲЩɽҰ򽻵Դɫֻ˵Ȼˣ͸ȥգ

ǡ겻Ҷ˵˰ݾȥ

æ׷ȥסôˣ

Ҳͺ漸գηڼ˵ڣ棬ֻ¡˵ţ͵ӡ

תԼԼҲû˵ġ

ˣֻ˵գɱҿ£

᲻ᡣһͺҲ˲ϣβһˡ

忴ʧת򼾳ôô˵

̶˼꣬ȴһٵİڽɽҲֻݼղָ죬֣ȻӦôһʣ⣬סһûõӣֻûΣҲɰʵЩ꣬ûĶ㵽ɽУǿڷԪķӾۼġ

Ҳ˾£֪˵û˵һɲҡ

ΪȻҪ˵ʲô۹ɨſڣȴײƺ˵Ȼȥ顣

ѭĿ⿴ȥһŮ⣬ɫƽ͵ؿż

ܣþòҲҽȥ

ЦȴûЦԭ㣬Ǻþò

ŮԺĿһת壬ЦҴ˵ĶӰգòٲ˼ıúְλ

˼Ȼ£һӻ˵һһסæǳܶڷ

˼ıԺ᷿ȥþֶƽǼ·ģ԰СȴܿɣһȥѡҪҷʱתһ룬ȴֹסŲڸǻ

ʱѿ磬죬ˣҲ޴ȥ԰мɽ

ɽֲ̦䣬ͱ̨ۣ֮ͤ¥󣬲ͻһζʮֱֻúȤ˳ƶۣϸϸĦҲƵԡ

ͻȻ˺ú񰡣ɽʲôͬô

ˮʮöͷʲڴϼܣЦǳǳ

忴һֱֱָɽȻͬɽľ̬ƶ䣬ʮԡ⣬ɽ˳ָ̲ݳ⣬ǰ⣬ǴƬ֣ȥǱص̦ɽϣ겻İѩ

ܡŶһЦʯɽʣ㶼ģ

ȻڲݵϣȪˮ࣬طʣˮïʢҲϲڼɽָ

Цôĺӣôأ

վ˵Ҳϲ

ֱܼˣȤЦһ㲻񡣡

üʵҵ

ܸտ˿ڣЦҡͷһԣζǳһתôȥ

ɫеЩ΢ǲ죬ʣң

ҡͷ㣬ѹ㡣

˵ѹ¶Щ겻ɫִֵôԼѰң

㲻ϼôѰ㣬㷳ôܲͷ

˵ҲŲ巢ѿڶҴתȥѰҡ




7



ҵͥɽԶڷ羰ֱͥԺǰ«ζǰһļ죬ҡҷ֮ǰʱֻϡ棬ҲĶ࿴ۡ

ԺǽۣŶ󿪣ʯһһ£֮ͨУߣͥһ̲ʯֱ᷿ͨţϺġáͬԣΪӳģǰվŵģҡ

ֶҼǰʮϲ

һȻʶԼԸԼǸ¶֪µĺӡ

£΢ˣϳʵᱡЩǷǣƽһβ̫ܿԼ˼СҺӹƧЩϲŭɫҲΪȻ̶ȥЩĹڴĮУϾӵɳɢ£һƬĻ̻̣Ҳһ˿⡣ʱȴԳĳۣҳһƬЩǰ

ֶҼԥæֻ

æ첽ߵǰ磺ô˼ô

Щ̣ҡҡͷûС

ҼǲԼִ֣ţҲ˰գЩСʱԵģһ˵ˣ³Բߣ԰գ

ԼУڵôۣŻعæҲʳģ

Цÿͺã˵

岢֪֣ȴֱ˵æҶˣ

ҲʲôЦȻˣ԰գ

գӾڡǰ򣬾ؽһ𣬺ҲʲŴ𣬲ʲ˵һȴ˵ĻСʱЩʱ̶ӵ;ţϲʵʶֲ࣬ãҲǼʣǻƽԣЩȴ˵࣬ܵҪ죬ýζͣͷ죬ƶи󶴣һܳӯ

һ̸ֱϦ£û˵ꡣ

һֱ˯ʱҴڵ᷿˵Ժסգ˯ϰߣң

ͷǴӦˣҪţͻȻһ

ͷһͷվڷУֻĿԼۣ߹ȥô꣬治ң

ڵƻĳӿſڣ·֧ǿڲԣ侹ҲԾȣҪĨȴץס֡

Ҿ֪ˣһΪһߵŻҪڴǰΪѵ⡭

Խţҡͷ㣺Ҳ࣬ҺܺãҲҺܺãүүҲµġ

Ҽ㣬һ£һ۲һҲЩ֡

æˣȥ˯գһҪҼ顣

˵£Ҫ˵治ϲ㲻Ҫǿ

һպԼȼ˽̸䣬ҲԾѧʶ㣬䲻ҪҲԸЩģǿһԡ

ϲٺòвѧҰգ

̸һұ뿪ˡһڴϣ˿㰵㣬ףЩɽĮҴӣζ֧Сպãų˯ȥ

ڶգԹ緹ң

վſڵɫȻ屾ѰˣԼ곤꣬δѣû뵽ΪʦΪԼУһ˿ʲô飬˵ǰ͹ѧһЩЩûãǵ繤ɶѣοҵڣҡȰѹĻҪ̰̰죬źá˵꣬㶽ٺд֣аۣʱˡһϢʱ򣬱ָƽ׽ģֻüʱȻʧ̬֮£ʡ

Դѧ緹ҲڼסˣֱÿհѧңǱ򼾳˱𣬱ıסΪ˸֮УҲڷڵ˵һѧ޳ԼѧҵԽù֮Աܿ죬˯ţҲԸԼܿ졣

ֻһ˫֣ѱӥȻɣñȴʮֲʡпգ֣һһ̡

ֻ㣬ñȷʵõñ׾ƽսдʱҲ£ִֽʣÿʱƲ䣬ң˼΢ᡣ




8

ڰ

ԼҴ˼գүһֱûռ˽Ҳ⺢ӵȥ

˶úϾԼѪŴأôŵȥֲʶͨϧЩ˻ᣬкȥʣһҲѼ˹ȥ

үүʶ°ҲؾأػɽҩҲһˡүѧĹΣ䲻кʮʱĽȣҲ⣬ڽˡ

ֶ⼸գü

룬ЩûʵǼЩ

ŶΪʲô

ȥȥ飬δ̤һ

үЦҲǲȥҲʹҳȥ棡

岻֪ҡĸҡ㲻𻰡

⼸գ˭ү֪ʡ

ҡͷ

ҲѧÿʦʶЩֵܽãҲǺõġү⣬

شһ£תһߵļӣҲǰ˼Ҽ£ҹң˵ȥһˣҲΪֶѧҵǿˡ

ЩϾ̻˼ҼҲǻ£ҲûȥˣЩʱն߶š

үæ˵Լңɱ񣬸˻ñãô˵߶ţӱԺǻţչڼҴסҲ֪¸ĸģ£ǵ滯⣬ܱţһ¶һá

һһףԼҲüˣزҲңҲȰΣȥү棬ԼٲԵʮˣֻ˵˵ǣվͻȥ

һҪߣЩᡣʱ֣ͥ͡

ֻ˵Ҫúúӵദʱͥɽ裬Ϧвޣһ紵öڼϡ״̧ȥʰˡ

Ҳ˵ʲôֻòˣң

ͷֶ˼䣬ʧˡ

ڶ죬㻻·ߣ˴ţԼѧá

һţܵһȻաʮӴѧ̬죬ȴҲû̸

ѧʦǸʮţҲЩ䲻ĽȴҲ״Ԫǰ飬ֻ֪ʧʮ꣬ȴʮʱò죬ԭɣʧɢ˵ĶѰ˻ʮΣɡţҲֻǵͷɫ

ֻˣЩԼԶ׽ݵĺӸǲ²࣬װһʱ簴಻סϳţػڻʹɫ

ǰ֡ʱƽռֶȴӦһȻΣŴҴӦˡأ̨±ɧԼҲǲôϺڽϴһЩʱգƤȸʱʰЩͱ˱ȣڵģЩӵΪֱɡ

μ䣬һ˶ϡͬѧһջʱϵģ´ˣЩɱ˵ɣŽɣȴôֻԶԶţͬ˵ǡ

嵱Ȼ֪ۣ΢΢졣һβѣϢʱҲƵЩѧǱȼƽʱλһʱȴѾĵúܣܵסˡ£漸ЦաصҲֻǰһӣ˵

岻븸׵ģȻ˵ûʲôȴ㣬֮ǰȥˡ

ڶգţŹϣ֪ҹʱѵת˸׼ѧߴţƵţҪȥȴײʵ

СӣҪȥʵҹȥСˣϵú塣

ߴ·ˣңתߣȴʵһסѧ·˰գҴȥ

֪ƣɼò֪ǺãæȾܡʵϷţæں׷ҲûʲôýĲȥϿΣ磬ư˹գһǽ˸ǰƴһԾԾǽͷȴ۳ʵ׷ˣ֮䣬ȴǽ˽УҰ㣡

һǺǣͷʵݺݵɱң

ѽģẦ㣡š

˲ٻɣ۾ˣڵϣع񣬺һЦһڣϡ




9

ھ

ֻǸǽԺ˿Ÿеò񻰣ͷˣԭ߬ź֣æˡ

鶯ԳЦ㺦

üôŮһ㣿

˷ܵЩͰڣ˹˹ġϣ˯磬ʹǮƣ

岻ֻˣźãۻңȥã

šָһҴʢٲ˵ģݺԺɣ۹㣬׷Ϧա

ҡͷҪЩ秵Ķ˾뵽ԼǰģĳСӡ

ôͷҲܱ۸

ѧܵߡһҲգͺá

תתҲá

УַǷþӻ֮أռҴԹ֮⣬δôˣô̯λ棬ƽգҲԸٷ¡

۾ֻûƯ㣬ⶪϲգ

һһ㶣ûǮ

ûǮ

ûǮ۾һ£㻳иˣ㹻

δϼӣһ˵У

̾˿Ҳ֪㿴ü󡣲ûǮ׳һô

ղŲǻ˵ʹǮƣ

˺죺һֱ㶼һˣҴûסǮ

ˣĽͷǰܳˣ

ĪӵץһʯӣڴУдʡ

״̽ͷҪһס𿴣˾Ͳˣ߱ǣ

Ȼһ·ԳԺȺȣǺӿڴģȡ֮֮ߡһ߹䣬һ߼·ŮĿŵشﲨԳ档

ãиٸÿɰĺӣôԼ棡

û˵ϼ䣬ֱ㡱һǸ˻꣬ϲֱø۵СӡҪǻظϳԵĲɡ

Ŀɿڴֻ˴󺰣֣ǸӣʯͷĪˣ

ԱɫǸסƿ˺ܣӱһü˳Ź׷пܱ࣬ô£

ⲻǷô߳ŭܱʹһڿն𣬻δȺعһҲС

ģʹ𣬻ܣֻϵɽ֮У涫

ұң㵱зʲôطȥ

վʣԼҾͺˣαôԶ

ȫɷôײýұԴ·;ңԶȴѣ忴˲úЦ«ɽҰ룬˰ϧݣ

·˵գȺһؼңҸзģԸ

áҲƺӦˡ

øŻ壡

վںſڣ屻̨¥ˣԸҲûݻ

һѾͷſæӭȥҾˣ

Ϳ˺ϯŪòڡǵǰ죬ʱ⣬ȴµգֵƻͨͷּһãһܽЦسϯϾٱ̸Ц񣬺岻˵Ҳûǿڡ

ںЩãûһģҪϲһȥ

Ʋ˴ࢣ˲Ըɫ侫ȴ嵭ЩҰζζ

СÿͺΪҲΪģʱ֫ҡžƺߵǰΪƣлһһ

ӺþǺŮһЦ¡

ƽֻԱŲŲλø˭֪ŮӾһ뻳ֻýסְ˼ҷͷԾơ

Ա߿úЦøӣ

㷹֮󣬺Я˯

˲ڴϣ˾ƣЩƮƮȻȴһҲ໰

Сס⣿ʺꡣ

š

ɣαػҪȥƭˣ

Ǯƣⷿôٺ١òýͣʣˣ㲻ϲŮˣ

ҲǡҴСֻͰһ˴ཻ̫ûʲôµġ

Ǹ˭ģ

⡭巭쿪֫ŴҲա

Ǻһӣ岻òĿԣ䲻ͨ£Ҳ˫ˮʣԾҪѡ˭֪Ǻһ֣ס֧ЦҵҪǸʲôˣǶȥ

ȥȴ͵һͷ裬ǰ꿴м·صһ죬Уǰ˻˵

˫ֲȥǺҲʶȤشչϢšľһƳУǰ绨ü촺Ũ

Ŀ죬Ҫſڣȴסŵ˻󣬱ǸʮģȻʱĹЧ룬鶯ƣһӵһཻĥܿŪûȡ

δеȻһʣһʲô

̧ͷһǼû겻壬ݡ

ֻ壬һŶȥ

˺긮ۡѹӼ̽ͷһֻһƬķЩ¥Ӱڣ

񣬺һŨؾ˱Ƕ׷ֱζǳԼϣԼ̲סĵ

ʱѱһȴʱѸͷҲᡣڳһַֻ˷ͷ˵ˣԼ˵꣬Ѽͷ£ѺԱһƣ˫ֳסϥͷŻ

лҪ˵˵ͼݲԣ̫¡~




10

ʮ

˵µȷԹŻ˸ʹ졣ȥҡҡ֣һڴʯϴ

ͺ£ôӲ˲죬ʡ

ҪſڣղŻ㱼俴ңһʱ޷ڻ

˵һ֪֮ô

ͷһ룬˵Ƕ⵹ѡɺѧô

ǲȥԼ˼˿ͺôһŪԼǶʲôͷϸ飬ͷ

㸸׳ţй˵ҳѰ㡣ͷ˵㿴ҺȳϢϢգ

ͷ

²ߣ¸ղŵ±֪˵ģղŵ£ҲСô̰ȻġҲ֪һзִ磬ĹǹΪֻ֮ǸղȷʵΣգǺӺ㣬˽ϣȡԪС֪أ㣬ǿɲˡ

ΪԼУѧ÷ôĮ壬һů㿿£Ҳֵ׽ʣܳΪʲô

һɾ岻ȥ

Щ˼ٺЦԲסغȶˡ

ӣ㣬һЦú屶УҲyЦʵҲ˲٣ֻû

ִЦɽкʲôþƣ´ٺȣһʶʶ

ƽͣйɫ岻׽µ޾ˣѧò˵£ͺϽֵ£һһʮ˵Ҳ֪ûУ⣬Űͷͷ

˵꣬˫ۣͷᵽһߣ־ˡ

һ

úЦôڻɽҰ룬Ҳǰ취ֻðס˫ʹҡΣȥ˯գ

ššӦţȴ

װקվִۣͷҪ˯ںϡнп࣬һǳһţҡҡλɽ·ߡ

ͷŨܣ΢΢ʱЩɢңȫں岱ϣŪú徱䷢ȴڲȥŪֻʮֺţûһϧ
ͷֻдʣϸϸһЩԲ˭޸ĸЯη䲻١˭ֵܣ֣˭޷򸾣ѣ
ǵü̹Լģȴ֪ΪʲôҪֻȥһЪ岽һɽ
Ҳζɱ֮ξ̣ûĪ֪˻ԣŽɡĿ¼֮ġΪľ౯꣬롣غʱҮҮӹ˹Ϊ֮κΣġ
ɽ󣬺屾ᣬڷˬЩƽ
ߵɽϣų֣վǰ·ϣһηηβģ
ûµģʲôҲ֪ˣ򼾳ŬŬ졣
꿴˿ŵҸһ·ȷȥˡ
һ·Ҳ֪һ
һɣҲŲҪѾ裬⵹Щ
ֽҩ裬ԥҪҪ£˫ʵ̧ͷĿⶨںϣ㱵˵
״˵ˡˡ

겻ƭŪЩҩζ̫أδ£ת˴룺รʲôֳ˳ʵѳԣæ˳ѳԣҩ˵ãôһ£ȴҲȫˣһҾ˯ôٿһЦãæȥ
˵Ժʱһ۾Һ˫˫ǰﲻζ
ȥѧþͺ˵һο෭ǽȥҲϸʣֻӭֻ˳Աߵܲ˵
ˣͻܣүүٲ㣬úӦԡл˼Ժ˵
벻ʲô£ҲϣֻҽšҲȥֻſںҸ˵ߵ䣬϶䣬ʲô˽
뵽ڶүүû˵䣬үӵѧǽ治񻰣ȥã
⣬ֻ֪Ҷŭѡһ·Ӳקãδ㱻Źſ¡
Ҫ𣬺ݺһðǣۡؽг
ߺߣһ´ĳԹֿͷͷԣŭүϣţҪ֪ͣΪֹ




11

ʮһ

˵үרҰ칫ʱ򣬺첻Ӧеصز飬µΪʲôҪң

ймҹ棬ԼӵܣҪԼӵܵģޱѧˣȴϺúùѧ죬˽ѧ˼ȡѵôô

ֻί˴ֻһˣϡʲôԼӵܣοЩνġԼӵܡͬͬݿԽԽģȴЩѵޱļҶֻôԡ

үʲôҲ֪ǺûЦʵҴ򣡡

ֱ屻ɫ԰ףѪģҺݺݵţףʲô

үţ

һţ۲ѣһӹ£§ڻ̧ͷף֪ԺҪңҪǨŭֶϣʱʲôҲ֪δ֣

үߡһһֻ´㣬ͬŵɶҪһ㣡㵱Ǩŭػ±֮٣㲻ҲԸȻҲ浱غշҰ֣࿴һۣΪҲԼҹѪֻźܶܶӣܣ

ɫ䣬ףЩõֶ˵

ү⺢Դ㲻˵㵱֪ô˵Ӳֻ̣֪֮簮Ȼ㲻̣ȥô

˵գҷֱ磬˵ڴôҲа취κáȥ

ұ˵ɫҵ밲οһȴ˻ƣ졣

ҲϹֻһţʹȻ˼֣׷طȥҩſڴϾһ죬˵ֻװʹӦǿߺ󣬱۷ֱس

ѧãЩСЩȴû뵽ġԭ֮֮СͬΪԼӵܣǺͱҼ׽ģҲðүһ򣬷ԳݵҪЩС׷硣岻ԵɣҲ֪˲ǳģᷳݲӦˣſϼ£ѧҲһܵӰ٣ҲûӹΡ
ģҲүȷǰԼԼҵˡҪҪȥҲʱûиϡʱռ䣬øӹԣһҲûʱô໰ˡÿѧصһȦԭסԺվһүȻسŵ˴ɨһкͼ뿪ʱһģһֻɣȴҲûгֹ

ÿÿԺȥŽֻ£СʱͰ˵һ˵һΪٻȥ

꣬Ҳûţֻúһ𣬲ǣ޾ЩԼҵ԰Ѿûʱʣһ޴ķһֻεĴڴű˵ĲߣУȻҲǸСӣȴԼ

ʶ˵ȥĻҲ᲻ҡúįúܡ

ټһŮװ磬Ȼǰôܹ棬Ҳٳǰⷬİţ忴ˣܡ

ҼˣƵûţһѧ÷ż٣Ҳع˼٣档ع˵屻򣬵½ȴ˵ʮҲһٺݵģڶˣֶȻ񣡡˵ձһЦֵҲǱôģ飬˺£ζúòˣ

˵˺Ͻ֣ȴ׷Լͺ̷̧ͷҵ֣Ҳ˷ֲ˼

ҿϵͷ·ʵôˣ͵֣Ϊգ

ɴ۾ƴҡͷ߬øЩ

ҼԼ׵ĻǸΣǣֹűߵ𿴵ʮ겻㣬ʵϴʮ죬ѵϹȥˣ㶼ˣҲûΡүүô˵ûеֻҾǲ㣬ֻǲԸҴǰЩԵ£Լ˵ǡ˵ţؽ㲻ҪЦҲǳΪ˸ͼˣֱСʱֻ࣬ˣҪϵãɵãҲġ

˵ϣ£סӷĸоͷˣȴ֡

ʱֵ£кƻ¯˷׷׻Ӻ̶꣬ȥϳ˺ϣȴûһ˿˾øˡ

ҲΪɨˣʺ壺ôȵǲˮ㼾˵òã

ˮˣҲʶοԼ˼ļȻͬ⡣

ҲʶôˮʱԸˮǰ֦УмĻʯɽ±áǳֱͨףʱˮţһˮӭӣ˵ڣ롣˿ָ֮ˮгһ󶴣ʯֱͨ

ؽ׶£֪˶ãŵصף˳ڵˮˮеĵ˼ʮǰˮ˵ǵˡ۾ˮ磬ˮпɴԼȴһʪ⣬̸Ժ·һŴͣ磬Ҳûд

öӾˣҲ

ľȻƲȴʮֹΰ裬Ҳк۽硣

һһţ߹һһԽһһǲסȴûˡ

·Ůٴֻ˵ԼҹӦþ԰öλ԰й䡣

԰ɺҡҡڰڣɫʰ쵣½ϼﲻ֪ÿٱæȥŪ֪ӶҪı¿ȥƼ԰ͤһ¹ϣͤ˾̳ࡣ

Ҳü߹ȥںȣ

ǹЦЦվ𣬰̳һţ忴ȥ̳Ѿһˣ

ˣϡͣ׼ˣһȣ˵ţҪֽӶˣȴס

Ҫʲôʱ򣡡

˸ãҵȰһؼңҲˣԺúȺãӲ֪ùʲôԣ

ܸ̾οǻҷ𣬸޴Ѱˣʲôã

һת°סļҲˡ˵Ⱦƣһգ



ɫԼǰ䣬֪ηӦ͵վ𣬺ݺЩ̳һţЩ̳ӻһأַŭȥ˼ţûûãҲ֪ûãûʱĸǼȫҳ谮һˮ˾ǰЩҲ˲ٹͣħ;ɳعһҪأǾʱһã⵹ˣɺиֻµضᶼ䣬ûƵģҲ֪ûðҶ̫ôÿÿʹϵЩĺܺ˵Ҫ˴ʱշȴĸһţǸܣ




12

ʮ

δ˲ҵֻ̣ҡ

ҧҧȰֹסԲסҲ˵գɨԼҡ߻᷿

ʱ룬˵үԴȥһ

ĺȥ㼾

ȥȴЩԥ

˵ȥǲġʲô֪˵Щôǲ㣿

ҡҡͷֻʣңҲűǡңȴҪ˵ʲôźã

üһ䣬˵ʲô˵ʲô㻹¼ɣ

岻ˣ򼾳ȥķȥֻͷҡһӻ֣ȥգ

תȥһ㿴ӰͷͰɫ˿ˮţͷԼ·ͷʵʵסԭֻˮˮвշ磬㲻ʹˮҲȥ糣

ǰǲδ̨ףתһƨڽ£ź塣

屻ޱؿЩë

ĮתΪ룬𴦡

ֻۣ£ֻ

һײ˵߰գ

忴ı飬ͻȻ뵽죬ĸһͬѰ񸾴磬ʪ͸߻ʱ俴ԼҵӡغԺﰲοԼʱָֻһǣƺҪģͷһֻۣ˵һʶҪ뿪ĸҲҪ뿪˻ͷ䣬ûо

Ȼͷ£Ҫ

еŲߣ̧ͷһ˫۷죬ҪӣæǿԳסˣ

Խ˵ȴԽѹϴαүү򣬵ʮû޹һΣôһʣȴӿˮҲܡ

Ҳ֪ޱޣã

æȥȴʲôҲûšʹ˱ˮ䣬մ˸գʵҡ

˵ҵ㡣ϼں峺ӣȴֲˣסҭ

ôãȴʲôίæңҲˣղŲġ

һ֣һסȥ˵˵

ֻվԱ߲

޹ˣŲ˼תż

һ󣬲ЦҺװԼһޣְŪˣ

ݺģ˵һȣ

ЦСôǲҪ̫ƣָùˡôһ˵סһʣأô

ʵ˵ˡ

ֳ˳Ҹ׺ʲô˵ģ

Σֻ˵Ҫֵ

̾ҲǺ⣬Լûã޷ôֱܹˣ˵գ̨ס

ߣʣǣҪȥô

ͷǰգӣȥҲûʲô˼쳤̾һüֻãֶڣһ̻úܣ˭ҲˡһЩˣҾǰ֣˵Ǻ£Ǻġ⼸ջҸǣҲ뿴

ͷ壬רעЦҺ˵ЩʲôԳʵûá

֣ҡҡͷ

ֹסŲҡʲôͷ㵽öö

ɴ۾ֵͷ

ͷҾ⺢ʵϣмأӲ˵Ϲ㡣˵գ򿪷ţȥ

ķ䲼õʮּ򵥣һ۱ǰһֲ֪׻ꡣ

ˮҲ⣬ó

һЦһӣˮٶǻ֦ͷﵴڣƮںԣƬƬ׾Ө

ȥץҲץ˼ƬУϡ꣬չȥϸϸţе㡣ȥǻ꣬Կüʢô໨ꡣ

ôͷ

ţ

ҲֻԼŪŪЩա߹ȥǷŻСһŰ׻˼

һϮ£ǻӳ续㻰ƶǶʣŪЩʲôô

ü⺢Ӵ£ȴԸͷΣԼҲþû˺ú˵ˣô˵źãԽȴһͷۣҲ֪ȡþòԸˡ

룬ʣȻԸһȥòã

Ǻڶô˵һΣû⻰ϣԶ߸߷ɣԶĵأҲЩĶһתԼֻȱ˽⣬ϸϸ಻㣬ա

ô㲻ԸһôʵϵĺӱϾǽϵĺӣҸղһ˵ˣŴһ£ž׾ô

ʵԼҲɫףֻΪ棬ǻûע⣬ǼˡȻֻڼòԼȴҺԼίЩڵҲˣ

ᣬÿɰҡҡͷֵǻһ£ǻλΣֺÿӢͷ

վߣ˵ЩˣҴĴȥ




13

ʮ

Һ̸ϣѰ塣

ԶԶżͺãСֶֹסȥЦˡ

Ǳûʱô鷳һʯ·ԱˮֿĻǽһΣȴ

ĶԺ˵ϣ㳤ʶˣ

ͷԺЩ췽ϷҲСˣ

Цȥɱҫ

Լʲô飬ȥ֣ͼ˵ĻӵˣҪȥ

˵Ҫߣһ̧ۿɫԣæǾ˵ģҪҪȥȻҪүԼԼûνȥȥġȡ

ҷҲһ䣺ûӦҡ

ǣûӦȥ򣬾÷ˮ죬ӶûҽֻǼҾһޡҪӳ顭ܼô˵һһԲòΣԽ˵ԽǰԲҴҰǸϰͻȥˡ

ؼ;Уһ·˼ͺ˵һ仰Ҳ벻ףԼѵҪôڽϴȥɣҲ˵Щ徭дİ˹£ԼԸ⣬ʮꡢʮ꣬ôأ

ʵҡ˵ţе

ҵͷ̾һԸߡ

˱ԺһӣȻڶϣһɷѣЦÿɸôҵȵúÿ࣡

ҶܣһղʱȻϲֻǵź棬ֻ΢΢һЦˣȻüĿ飬ﲨ˼ת˼ת

ʣ㼾ûУ

ڴˣ

ûп㣿

ûСƳҴЦ⿴Լܣˣȴ뵱ҵ棬ɫ

̸ˡѾղܣʱЩ಻סƺ壺Ȼطȥ飬鷿Ŵ

忴һֻۣ֣Цվһߣֻášһŵܻطȥˡ

ڷŹϣ־ͣ͵͵ܵݺ󣬰ڴϣ͸ɫĴɴơ

ֻܽݣֻҲȣҹغţǰ§ڻԺһγһ֧ͷϸŨܵͷȫɢ£̬ȴȫȻһ㣬Ҳɢͷ˵ϸһܱױˣһ㱻Ƶȥˣ˷ϣ½һȣѡ

ڴ⣬ֻ䣬㲻ٿ̧ߣֻǧأôҲŲֻÿǽ£ס䣬۾ȴ˳һҲҪŽŲصһʼʰңȴָûʲôգѼ·һˣڴϷ

˵ҺڷƸڴϣ˵£Ҳ̾

ұһ󣬱Զ߸߷ɣֶ⣬һ᲻¡

ԸҲû˵ܵ⡣

§ܣΪ㲻鷳Ҳǹ㿴⼸꣬Ҳû˷ҪȥҲûãóȻҪһ˴⣬ԲףҲ˵ȥܾ¡

ںĽ治صǸʲô㣬ܾԼӦý룬ȴ֪Ӻιһ£Ҳû

룬˵ҿ⺢ӣмأβԸ߻Ըţô

һȻǣҹԼżˣϸ




14

ʮ

ֲһ֮شٯٯ˺ЩʱԲѣӺ꣬ȤֱɫѾˣδ㣬ȴòֹܣžȣţصϼھǰɢҵͷ

þδŮװ磬Щ͵͵Ծ˸̬ͼһӰ⣬һ׶飬ͷһȴǺվǿ

ղŲͷ⺢Ӧÿʲô״ֻԼ¹ڲʵЩӣ·ʣֶôˣղŻȥ㡭

֧֪߬ҪǰǺˡ

ôҾú嵽ûԸԼңҪԼǣЩл˵

⣬ȥҸǰ

ұ㿪ʣֶ㽫иʲô㣿

һ㶡

Ҽѭѭգϲô

ѧõЩ飬ȷʵѧýȥʵ˵СĿ˿ҵı顣

ҡšһһᣬʣأ飬ȴֽʲô

֮͡ǰ͵˵Щ

Ȼ̶ܣԼӥ

ҵͷ㣬͵һڽϣǻһôѡ 

һȥҳŴʱҲЦԼֶһסˣߣǺһ飿ÿʱ˵һ飬Һһ飡ǺôأǸңﶼĲɣ񱻰һ£˵һ仰Ӷ࣬ͳͳˣҲԼˡ

֪ģҲԼϡЦ˵֪ԼϤﵱһլӣԼļңǸ˳֣ȴˮˡ
Լ

ŭίģȻ޿κΡ

ǸһĿֻˣ֪ʲôֻԹԼԼܺãҲԼܺãҹ˾ʱܾò

ѡ

ȥ

Ŷô˵ҲûͷҲֻ̽̽뷨ȴô⣬ñϾǺӣЩã⣬ٲöˣ򣬶Ǹ̡ҡҲԼղŵĻǲʣ᲻øĸһʱ£ʵԼݣԼʵڲϲΣҪͺһ󣬾ҲԼףҲѷܹȥúԼ¶ӣҲ񻰡

򳤴󣬲ٱȥġôãֻǡʿˮԾƺٱټЩò˵ͷֻΪڵߡ

˶ݣȴ벻Ժõ·ļȴ˵

˵ȥϣˡһ򣬵᲻ȥңеʡ

Ȼһȥ㡣

Ǳˣϲȴӷᣬæ⣬ʣأһܣܲͬһ

⡭ûӷתһʣȻþò˵ա

ȥܲüң·Լ

죿һ

ţþòˣý

ҼʱúõģҪߣȻɣ룬ɫʣǲΪղʲôš

ɴ۾ʲô
Ӳ˵ѣҲûʲôȻԼָԺʮַ㣬ԸʵУ׵ֻвᣬԸô뿪˺弸ա

죬үˣְլＸҪݱһ飬źͼȥ

ǵ漾죬Ѳ棬һƨͷһ˿

ǵ𣬺ҪˣЦ

㲻֪ҳүү̡壬治ǵü֡

㵹ãҽ飬ڻ˽͵Ĳ£ҸУߥҿСô

ϰǰûûΣ˺ǰԹҲͬƽϣֻ̧ͷһ䣺
ͬҵŰգɽккȥס

ɽϺӺǱѩҶ֪붳㼾Ц

סҼңҽڳһ䷿ס˵

Լжһ߿һʣ㲻ǺúúõģôͻȻŻ

ƲϣͷŵϷأ˵ҲͨˣٴȥҲû˼

Ŷôû˼

һϣʵȼһϲҵ壬ҲȼһϲǸԺˣҲûһһϲ˵Ҵʲô˼Ҽǰңϲˣ

Ҳߣһŵ¸ĸġʵôȣҪáᣬž£Ǻڱǰס

Ҳ֪Ǽңǿģһ˴ڡǴҺЩǴ˺ЩŵҪ粻һˣҡָԼ·ͻȻЦЩ˵ȢʱԲԣ룬ҪǲȢʱһյģһôһҲҵӡ

Щᣬס磬ԼȻġ

ס۾ڵ⣬˵ʵôЩŮӣֵϼʶ˼Ҳûһÿ

ϣҺۻغڣһ۱㿴ϣһ֧̾Ө




15

ʮ

˵߼˺ĻΪ֣ЦԹȷʵúã;Եת

סչȥһƬʪ⣬ÿ֣żůʵΪʲôҡǣֻҡֶ

һĿԣе˲ʧæ˵ҡ

ûм壿ƽϣʡ

Ϊ⣬ͷ

ֻһˣؿ

һˣ¡ϡû˵仰廹û˵꣬;üһ΢΢æ

С˵ӡָ̬ӭ⣬Цҵܵܡ

üȻֵܣôܼһһ֪Σʣֻż˵

ҸӣСе壬ΪͶСһ𣬺ѧҲһļңݵʦѧɹ󣬸ױ˵ˮ˾Ϊǿ˲£ȥӦС䣬ƾǵѧգĿ
俼Ȼڻ£ܿıǲ£ҸΣرˮ˾ٻƴϲϴˮħڻ¡ɽ°գǱǶħһۣض֮ˮ׷ǣɽϡ

ҪмϸЩֻסһʣʲô

̽ȥֻԶƲ֮ϣɽƣƣɽգɽͷҴûȥ

֪ɽѴ½۾ԿɽͷɽɽΧסһƬ͵أмĮֻǰԭЩҲֻˮ˾һЩͼϼʶˣЩ

˵ɽסɣޱߡͻȻһͷʣ˵֮£Ī񣬿Ҳͥܣ

üǹȥˡͥʲôܣƬ죬о飬ҲкͥһУҲֳȥˡ˽ͨƴ˶µħƣ֮ԭδǲǵĵ

ԽԽʣס˵ˣ˷Ʊֱֱȥֻɽ޺ɳĮԽԽֱԼסĳǹҲ̴С˷䵽վ

Լźͺǣ˵ǳ˹Ų֪֣òЩ

ʱҲôµġͥһۺ󣬺Ҷ羪֮ѧ˲١

ղʵ»û˵꣬շҲü뵽Ժ󼾳ԴԼߣˣﻮҪסģһ·ϸָǸ䣬ȫڽϾнҲ

˺ңؼˣȻϲڽϻ飬ȴüһǵǲǹҽ̵޷ˣ

û˵һ䲻á˵ˣŻ

׼ʱü

ؾòð죬ϾǷˣο齷ӡ󣬱ʼԸԸ̺顣

鰡ʧЦɲԸ⡣ֻȷʵ޴ȥ÷˼Цˡ

ظп˭Ǳ磬пԣ뵱Һ𣬱Ѱţȴ˵Ҽ缱ԲŮҲ֮ҼֵܿԼµ˱Ҳ㷢ҲԵ֮ˡ

ʱԼΣڵϦҲǼŽգܵ£̾Ϣһ󣬺ԱƶǶֻ֪ˣ˿ĵȥԺԼİǰ˵˺һ󻰡

غ󣬰żסں巿ԵĿ

ʱֵ£ʮȡ岢ȣֻǼһأûɵòڣغͽߺҲ˲Ϻԣ¾ȥ˼ڡ

ֻصߣѺѾʣòϰô

Щ˵ǲҷſȣٺ⾮͸ˡҲ֪ô£һۺΪȥħЩͥϽģҲҪһʱӦû˵꣬㵹һҲƵݵߣһ㶣ˣþƣ˼룬ֵǺþƣȴֻʣʵڡ

޷޷ҺÿͣҪЩãȥ˽ظȣȵģҲҵġ

ôУҳҲСҵһʱɽкƯֿ

ҴȥĺӰգо񶼿ΪǳоˮҲͬӦûʲôֵĶ

˵ͷȥӱߣֻƳǶʯʯԱ߸߰ɳĮľӳ

ԶʹȥʧڴĮ֮УͷտգոԶͷһԺЦߵԶ㷨Щ鷳Щؽľ̩Ҳã

˵գˮУǱʮֵľò

ôſˮȵļæ̽ͷȥʡ

Щˮ֣ϰϵˮɾ糣ŤͷԺһЦǳЩˮУûãһ̫һɳӣ

Цһһںӱˣ˺þãϦ£Żسȥ




16

ʮ

СǰѾ࣬һɷ紵̧ͷ˿ɫʣ˵˲أ

켫ȣϼ䣬òϷһȥü·㴩

Цˣֻġ

˼ţһԴѽź棬˷ˣ

˵꣬һ̱㲻ˡ׷Ժһȴڸοһƥͷѩûһ˿ëСǸȴͷһŤЩӣǰأһҲգʮġ

ʵûţҾʹǺˮȥˣһˣ͹ͷˣ԰һ㡭

Ц򣬾ƥŪģ

ʮ꣬һ˲ҰҼȺļֻĸˣҺɽȥѰڿ쵽ѩµĵطġʱôɡһȡ

ˣǸճʱСӣôûжҲûҰԣˣ

ŰЦЦ

ˣʲôҪ֪ԼһʣҲԣչȥǰ˭֪ǰһҲ뱻һͣڿУòΡ

ڨڨЦˣʣôӣʲô֣





ͽаôĴ۾

εҲãҲá

ʱˣ˱𣬺ͼڡ

׼غͽûл
ͺڴﾲԷоЩ֡壬Ͳó̫ණʱģֲվ΢΢´

㳣ôһ˳Էôʡ

šҧһαﳣڼңڼңʱҲ˵һ˳ԡֻкڣҲȥ

ŶһҲ벻˵ʲôһ죬ҲЩˣأԼˡ

ϣݣҲţԺгһݶ췱ǡ

﷿ݶƽҵݶߣбԭʽ

ȸסҲƽң׬ЩǮôһµġ

תͷôʲô֪

һЦҾʲô֪

ЦŵͷԶһŵҹȥҲԼʲô֪˼꣬Լʲô֪Թݵ˼ͷ˵˵ѵúͿȴҲǣЩ£ôͼǵôԴһһ飬ôҲǵñˡ

ҲԶҵķӵƱ͸ߣϽҲߣ¹⣬ҰȷʵӿЩϵ£ɽ࣬ϸ·żˮˮҹĺ䣬ݶϣһֺ⣬˸սײһ㣬˳һ˼

Ц⵹ϡ棡

ûô˵Щ˼·ֵ㣬ľ˸ǷҪ˯ȥ

˰գ

ɻգѾЩˡ

ֿЩ·ֵȺɽòʣȥ

ûлͷһ⺢ѽˡ
ЦˣźϢڵϣƿţѺӷŵϣǺñӣ˳Լķ䡣

ϣˮǰȴ춯

˿۷š

춯һæȥﲼãûһϤģںڰߣȴҲûʲôֱǰ¹⣬ɫף죬۾ȴʮֲعʲô

˼£ûӴ

ۡһɴ˫ֻۣģؿһվһվס˫ֵضܣҪɱǣ졭ǡȳȥ˵

巴ס㿴ң

һȫѹ춯һ£˵ȴ˺֣Ȼϣ˫Ŀ

ߵǰıڽʱһģһ¹У׵һѪɫҲûУͷѱˮʪ͸ʹһѰ§ڻͷںǰֱйɵŻС˵Ҳ֪Ǻ¡

ֶգҪġ

ںǰ鶯£˵˸֣֡С

ḧ磬ڰοԼİһ

ضҺ㣬һ£ҲȾƾ˯š⼸꣬ܿ޳ӡ




17

ʮ

ȷʵˡ

ħ֮ʱļ䣬ʵһƬհףжᣬڻƴ˱ɱħɢ֮ʱѾʱʱ״̬ˡУֻصԼħüʱǸԼµĵܵܣɢŲϹ⣬ϵıЦЦʮֿɲ⣬ɱ졣ȥͬϹħԼ͵ܵվѾһߣһ𹥴ͥ񣬴ȥʱĵ󡢾̡ŭļҪѿ͵ץסһħݺʣҵأ

ʲô첻֪ƴ类عסҷô

ŪһУײײܻشڸ߸߱ϵļغħˣعҪ£ڰΧӰգ

Ư۾˼һ̨ͣǰ˫֣ס˫磬ʣ磬ôˣ

ԼĿڱǣȴħƵķһУ㻽ڵħ⡱֣ٴѣѴһС֧ӳ⣬ͷȥǱϹΧס ˵סˣ÷ٿǰּվڴϣͷƱգشϽΪ̻ש֮ϣ÷ֳ֧ħͥԿ

ǳǣħˣѾûʤˣҪʲô֪˵գҪɻسСʱعѵ׼±Ķ飬عǰعΪסħмˣ֪޷ȰֻӲɫء

ԴˣǧҪǰһعʿֻ˵ôһ仰

ģĳԼҲһëعüʵĵģس֮󡭡ع̾һ߳ȥſֱס

龰ֻصعǰһʱԼʵҼбѣУԼֻ뵽عҪػϣǰļԪΪħδ͵μԼӳҼУһ·ֱ׷ϣȥħԶ˴뷨һ·ϾĶǣױɽ£֪عͼؾ棬ɴʱ֪Ϊʲôľɲȥֻһһʯܣܲ˾˫ֳѪ߷ףعǿ֮һȺȺԼӿɽ֪죬ع֮ʱʯȴôҲͷۼɽ¹ϣҲԶعŵļϣʱħԷһҪɱ˵ӡ

ض졭û˵꣬׷ԼϵһҪԼص

ʱȴѣҪĥһ㣬ǾǳļϷգЩϵܲߣ÷Ƴɽ޴ȥֻӻ˭֪ȴ÷סײҲײȥۼһԼֻõɽһ߹ڱĳˮһ߿ۣһ󣺡ˣŰգҪɱңˣ

ɽǵˮҲѾˣϸȥˮϷԳĸ֣Ϊ֮

ģͶԸȥعͲڼУԸ类ܴ˻סȴȥµأҲѰȥ뵽Ҳδ򼰼ؽ֪ĻǺ»ǾڴȴҲ˴׺ѣһ

ʱվһϮ£ͼСʱʮƣϱҲǵģէȥΪǼػ꣬վһסߣȴǺ壬Ȼ¡ĿȴԽԽᣬúְֶԼڻſ޳Դ֪ʱԭȥֻöһ˿ҲʧȥҲ֪Ӧˣȴһ۾ʱ£Ҳ˵ҹҹߣͺÿģҲûô࣬һͷ˯ˣû뵽ôʵʵڵĶΡ

Ӻǰ̧ͷδɣʱϼ˵϶ʪˣҪҪ·ϣ

ʱЩ⣬ֻͰ͵صͷ˼±ӣŶȥһӿˣڴǷ㶣岻֪һ׸ɾ˯ϣԸ

˺һŪˡչ˰չ˹ˣһԲЩزļʮģ˵㲻ʣֱŪ£ת뿪ҪţòģۻȥֻľȻؿŴ̾˿С˵˯òã

û

㲻ܲһ꣬һŲŲȴȥ

忴һſ˫֣ס˼ı

˫ۣñһůźйɵһһŽ˯ȥ




18

ʮ

ڶһˣ˯̴ţŵسţԺͰˮȥ

ɾһΣҲҪһΡĺӹоãǲϴģڼҴˮϴ

ŪͰȥˣٽм𴲳Է߽䣬򿪴˽ڼϣһס۾ÿɰǰڴͷȥÿӣŲϣȥһ߶һ߳űͷŲȥԽú棬Ҳ˫ϥϴ΢΢ſǰ̽ȥԲסһץȣȥ˼۾ĿԣЦ

÷Цϱʣһɨա

ˣϺþûôǣֻûϲЦûżҲڴϹһš

ʱг緹ɫ·´Ӧˡţعڴͷɴ۾Ц

֣û취ֻý˰Ѷ͵巿⽻һȥæԼȥˡ

Թ緹һЩʱ򣬺ͼǺɽȥǰһûܵûţһݵرî㾢ܣܣҲűСܣɣ꽡ɣҲ˶٣һһͷܵͷٴͷܵͷڸˣM߱ߴͣ£ۻߣһⲽһҡβ͡

忴վԭؿɽļܻߣʣһֱɽʲôÿģ

˼˵ҿɽܾЩԾ˵Щ졭

ĪɽҲסŸɣͰҲɽϿȥֻɽƣֻϡߴƬϵһѩɫ˵˵ɽɽ񡭡忴ڽ̸һ㣬ˣҲ˵ɽĸ֮ɣ֮ȥ֪һ·ģҳȥҰζֻǳСģûߴ߹

˼˵Ҳãȿ˵ա

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һصæѰǣȥ˵иأ˵ѡǸϲĺӣǰأ

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꣡һǰץס

һеÿ֣ڽ϶ô飬ӣͽаͽк꣬㲻ӱĽз

ҲûңʲôٺһЦ

һ죬ҪװǻƣȴɨЦеϿϱ㽩סˡ

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ã˷ܵ˵Ҫ߼գ̶ҪԶٳȥһһȵֿ̻ʼˣʮ֡һȥգ

̻᣿ʲôģӣƮĿζֱʿˮ

̻ᵱȻ棡˹áкöҵ̶ӶǾۼкöóԵĺģǰûıϾԼһ־ηʱ˵Ҳû˵ô񣬵ͺ꣬͸ŵÿˡ

ôˣŮô

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ףѰͯˣҲ˸ţ˵Ҳͺͯ޶ģҪڣȻ¶ϲɫȥ̻ᣬҲҼǾͿԼȥˣ˵ô




19

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ȻƯŮˣ껹壬ѿڶ

Ŷ۾Ҳˡ뵱Լͼͥ߳ƵʱŮŮҪж٣ŵģҲаﲨģӦӲϾҪǱ˵ЩŮҲǿѫ̫£ԼǺùЩٻɢزˣЩŮԼҲһ벻

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ƯŮʲôã忴򼾳

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ǲ֣ûġҾͲϲ̫صġúðԼǰľ־⺢ƶǶԼش󣬷Ҫ۽粻ɡ̻Ůʵûڴֻ˼ʢᣬȥɢɢҲá

ڣ΢΢μһȺŨüۣƤוĸߴŮӣɴ壬ҡҷˡ






20

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˼գǱ̶·ˡüͺϵǣĬԣȴʮִϲԭֻǸӣ̶ӣǵ۱ˣǸõİ֡ʲôһ̾ͻᡣ

̶ɽɽǰߣ;ɲɵٳǡ·һСƬɳĮɳĮŸɳĮ̶ӾḻΪ塣Ǻ꣬һҡͷԣֻͬԼİȻӰҲĻ˭˭

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תͱȥӦһʱû׷

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ȵ߷ף̶ڵɳĮԵߵһ⣬ԶٳǸߴĳǽڱ֣Ļ˯ĺ壺ˣǵˡ




21

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һƨվ˯İߣֳԭΣϣ۾ܿ˯ˡ

û˵ģĻģ̾飬ҲЦһ£У͸Ż龢
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Ҳ˵ʱϵٺ»УԴöȣҲֱ챦ٷССݣʵڲֵüƽϡҲ뿴ʲôóԺġһĴתתԲͨ벻˺壬ֻðͰһԡ

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˴һǮߴٵ߰գҴǮǡ

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áˡ֣⡣һҲ뻨Ǯ




22

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һڼţʮĿе˼˼ǸǮߺȡʲôʣ˺ҳĸԶУҲһԵáţһѾ̯ȥ̯СһſʢɫЩ΢ͬľˮƷ

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23

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˼棬׷˵һߣֻǶ衣

岻ԣȴܲ˶࣬˰ѵǣٴε˾룬һƣڵϡ

ֻһͷľһһԾ۽վȴʧν񡣲ſʼתĄ̨̇±һƬɽĺȲԽԽǰ裬ǺҲϣͶ㣬ʮĬԽԽ죬ѺһᣬϣתȦļȣ˿ңŮҲˣ˵վһĿɿڴ

ϣѺϷˣ̨»Ⱥ˸񣬱ߵǰ̧ͷúӿֵǻȥգǸõȼˣ




24

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ûع弫̾˿ּᶨؿ߰գ

״һס磬Ҫˣ

Ըæ˵ˣҴѵĺӳ棬õ̫á

ҾͲǿˡЦ

Ǩͣ࿴һۣĿ⣬վû˵ʲôЦЦǡ

ڡ³΢΢ЦƵԽģ⣬ȥ

Ҳ˵ϯϰ˸ڣŵŵˡ

ͷ˿ȺŮӣȴǶڿ弾࿴ԼһۡԼҲʶ΢΢̾˿СܸϺǡ

ʱѿ磬ֻظϣ£һʱ˭Ҳû˵һ仰

һᣬŴӻҵ˼תԺ˵ãˣ

ôһ˵̧ͷһЦͷ·

ص̯λǰҪǻ㱻кȥԷ

󣬼ʵˣһɣÿӸס˯ˡ

һֱû˵ĺԣڵͷŪɽʣôˣ

ƤҲ̧ʲôôˣ

ղŵڣһ仰Ҳ˵Ҿáƫͷ㲻Ծ

̧ͷһֵۣͷŪĶ

֪ˡ˯ļŬŬ죬ǸƯŮˣ㲻ˡ

ͣĶؿһ˫ɫԲαʯҼǼϲͬһ
Ŷô֪

Ըͬ衣

ǿɲһһָͷںǰҡҡк֣ܶЩŲЩţ㼾ǺߡοŮˣ˲ĵģ

ô˵ϲöվ׼ߡ

ҵϲ˼ҲҡæҪȥģ

һĴӣΪЩѰЩҡ

߱˵ϼѰ˼׬ǮѵǮȢϱ

ЦЦʲôЩû뵽ղźǿһ裬ѴǮȥˡ

һ³ꡢݽӣǮǮȷʵ󹻡ЩǮȷʵ˺ܾãĶҲǰģһüǮڿȥҪģʣ¶ˡ

룬ͳһҺһݸղŸģʣôЩȥգ

ˣǸˡ岻ӡ

֪˵һ˵Ҫ治ҪǮ˵ֲȥŮˣǮñˡ˵ӣ治һڴӦһȥʲôġ

ⲻǼ뿴ô˵ţȴûʶԼüͷ΢΢

ʹת⴮߿б˵ݸһ

ҧһڣʣô֪ʹģ

㿴˳һŻͬ˵˳Ǳ˻ȥˣһļ磬ҲҪʹ졣㲻żܰǸţͶһʱʱʱҪһ𡭡ô˵ءҲԣҲϲƯŮˣҲҪұˣͷԵģݳԸֻͬһ顭

ڣڵ˯ͻȻݺݴ˸硣

һźĻʾҲʾͬʱһչƤҩĵǰ˼Ҷ

ص̯λŸѣǻһЦֵһ룬ֽס˸Ƿ鲻ԽǰȥݸһСյõĽӡ

ô׬ˣʲô

ЩϲǼô

ʱֻǴִһҲʶֵġ

ǶǴɽϲģͻɽӸˡһ˵

ֻ·Ϻ̸Լҩĵľż˳һͨ졣

ʵֻǡԼǾú̼ȥЩҩģҴҲܻܲóȥҲܷϼʲô¾״ˣֻü׵˵㶫Ǯˡ롭ȻǷ˵

Դս֮ƣڱ̬㣬ͷһů§ڻײŵԺҪʲôܺ˵ҩģȥɣҪһðˡ

ڼУֻ˵İůףȴһҲȣǸֿʼʵͺʱڽϣ׵һһֲһ

ϣڶõĿջס

죬ڣģǲȥҺ档һƮƮش봰

"˥ոģ߰ѳݻ̨ʹ羰ȻڣĶլȥ"

¶Ѱ
"ˮߣɽ࣬һլ쳾⣬зʣƾտȥ"

ֻԺǽϣһϮӰһһŮӵȹһϳǱǰŮֻϵɴȴ˿Ӱӣ֣һ١
"ߣɲ࣬Ӱéի̫ƽҵڣޣԣȥ"

೤ÿջмΪ͵ԭڶУȻ¡ڴˣ˼
"ɽͼ»ʫծǸɢˣòţȥ"
óˣ˲ֻ̾¡ŮգɴͷһЦ磬˵˺ڵģ

˵ţԱһݣһŮˣתȥŮҲͷֻߣ飬ٿǹӣֻпɰæȥЦһţԾԡ

˲Ժжֻڳйɡٳʮ֣ǹ⽻ӳɫ˿ѷҹɫڼص£ħս£ᣬŮҲʣһֱ䵽ҹڳͷֱ

صջԿţֵĻӲԭк¾˱ĿˣԼȥŵƹɫԼܿһӰԼǰ档

㡭塭档

վӭ

ôôȥ˯ 

ͷ˵¡

СӽУ壬ʣʲô

̧ͷһˣ˯š






25

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һ£ÿú˯ƺе㲻񻰣Ц컹Լһ˯ա

ڰУƺ̾˿û߿ƺڵȼȷ治ҪԼ

ҲͻȻ΢¾Ҳüȴ֪ô£ֻԺļȥ˯ա

߿󣬼һŽȥڴϷ˺һŷԼĺþûһ˯ˡ

ôأһ˯ô

ԳЦһ£¡

һۣȴҪûޱߵĺڰæȥŮĳʲô˵ʲôź̨ȴεؿԼ龰

˸ԺкźԽתԽ죬ԽתӰԽģڣ˯ȥ

һһĴŲϹħɼԼżɱ飬ԽɱԽ̣ȴԽԽû·͵þѣһ亹

ѵҪһֱȥܲܲ˯գ֪ҪȥԼö֮Ҳͬʬ⡭ڴأԽԽ

¹ƴ룬̨һָоȼŵƻʱǣ׳־ƣٵȻһǧε²ףʵй֮£ȫƬϣ벻ȫʣµֻĥԼЩ־Ͱ˵ĸо

䣬ͻȻ죬̧ͷһֻĲӰӳֽϣһڵȴʲôϸ֮£ܿĽëż¡

ˮץݣæȥţǰȴԥˡ

˼ĽŲתţȴȲ

ĬĬһŶţ֪˶ã΢΢̾һ߰ա

Ӱûж
ζӳ£ֱ粻ʲôζ˵Լȥʲôóһʱ޷ȥϸʲôȥ̽ʲôһͿ־壬ͷۣҲá

˵Ĭһ˵Űգ

ҡһ£ÿţʲôһˡԲȥ룬Լʲô

˵ˣŰգ

һüģ֪ԾˣԽܿˡ

ɤӣ˵

ԴҼ֪ûһùҼǻϲ˯ţҲܣ͵ҪұȥҲţ˵˵ţЩ

Ҳ̲סǰһţֻͷһȻģæǰȥȴһѱסˣòãֻһ˺ã

ֿ࣬˵㶮ʲô㶮ʲô

ʲôģ弱ҲϲʲôƯŮˣֻϲϲϲϲ꣬ϲͬҡ

С鰮֮£ʱ򣬶ˣʵһͨģǷζУʶһݽЩʦͽѵĶǱ̰˿̱ⷬףˮ⿪բһԶȫйһȣҲ§˺塣屻һ§ʦͨҲ˱ҹɫоһ

֪˶ã紵ѹΪ߲ѣæ˳طڡ

ȥȴΣ⿴

ûлͷ˵䣬ա

ϲæݣСİŹغãߵߡ

ǿסҵ飬תź壬ӳڵƻоƯףһЩ˵

ҡһתȥٲ֪˵ʲôˡ
¼СӣҪ Ҫ˵ʲôæֹʲôҲ˵

ܲţȥ֣һȴû

־ϲҡ˵գҪȥ¶⣬û˼úñżʲôʱ򶼿ԡ

ḻ˶ģȴҲͷһأ˿˿ģҲʮڵƹվڣȥ˯ա

齣ᴵ˿ƹϨְأҲڰʲôµˣİõ廳



ţ

ͻȻ£㣬žúЩ

š

ǴץҺͺڴϡ

ǺʹĹѣʲô˵ģôϣֻȥ

ȻҵҸղʹҲ¡Ҷ㣬Ͷҵһ

ʲôô棬̧ͷЦʵ

ҵһҾ룬Ҫңúҵȥұˡ㣬롭롭ȻѼһ

ʲôһʡ

˵켾ɳº£һΡ

Ĭˡ

ڰУڿ񶼿ˣÿŲһ֣ʮֳ

Ҳסζ

ֻ֧ӣ¹⣬Ŀˮԡ

ڣ˾ģڼһ¡ЦȴЦ

һ£ƺҲòһ£ĴҲʮᡣ̾һס꣬ѹ£ȥһʱСĿཻ֮䣬ȴʤƼǰЩеķƸֻ꣬кһԼģĹȥеӵһµϣ

ǹ󣬺Ϊ˷ܺͲڴֱÿ춼ô

Цôԣ

ÿҲôңô

ҪЦǿ˵ôԡ

һѼס ĥһЩ⡣屧һֱ˯ţű۾

ڶһ磬һ£ǿ廹ڲߡȷϲξ֮󣬲ŷ־Щͷۣôǽ

оˣҲۣ˸ҪԽԽ۰һ

ʱ⴫źĽҲڣˣ㶫Ҳˣһһȥգ




26

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˴ѣȥţһ§סְڴ϶Ū岻Ц

һѹסѹ˵ֻһ˺ã

強۵˵˺ܶô

ּЩ˵˵

Цֻһ˺ãһֱǣ

žԼȺ廹ȴôҲԼһֱںڰﱼӣڿһڣô󶼲

嵹ּƽг緶Ҳˣ֣Ҳϲ˵һ䣬ͱĴס˲˺ţǽ

屻ǵЩܲסˣҪƿһ¡

µɫ죬ĿӯӯʱֻеԼҪȪУԶҪԣȥǰ󣬺һץס֣

žԼЩˣæ֣Ҫ꼸䣬ͻȻͷѣæͷǡҲԼСˣǰ֣һܾĶһסķ

ԽòԾˡһеķţҲŷйƺԼҲƲס

û¡û¡һ߶һ߱ס˵һ顭

ֻһ˺áȥҾ͸ȥ帧ı΢΢һֲõԤУüָֻı顣

۾ƽʲôجΣֿţˡ

ǳȻҳ弾ƢֻѺһߣʣʲô

忴˿ԼļС˵Ҵͬ㽲

꿴һ棬㲻˵ʲôֻͬǳԹ緹ǣ˰һһֳŹˡ

һ·ϣ꾹Լûлͬ˵ȫżָǸҲһӣ䲻࣬żͷЦһЦȴ粽塣ֵúܣͰһۣȴҲӣԴʣôҲû˯ô

һۣ

꿴˰һȻоʲôֻ¶ԭȴôҲ벻ﷳǰס壺ʲôʱͬ˵仰

״üͷ̯λϵĻƷץʱԺСͬˡ

һ굹һó

ֵ˵ߡ

ȥʡ

Ҳ֪˵Ҫͬ㽲Ĳ˵ûоüе㲻Ծ

⡭üеɵɵģ濴ʲô㣬

δ˵ֳ꣬æӭȥס֣һһһ߿ע⣬ʹ˸ɫ

겻ĸоԽǿˣϧʶ࣬죬ֻܸо֣ʲô˵ٿһ۰ϰ۾һİĸоȻϸȥƥɢĵϹ⣬ϵֹ⣬ֻǱܵؾÿ־塣ǿһҲ̲סȥסӡ

ôˣæʡ

ǰսս˵йŹ֣

ͬʱȥȴɫ糣ֻе޾ɡ

ѵҿˣʱЩͷԣתȴҲͰһֻͺ岢ߡ

üͷøˣץż֡Ƿˣоȴʮ񣬺ĻȫȻŵġ

ͻȻƾֱٻͷһﻹаӰӣ

£˶סˡһӦǿҲһãȻԽɻˣ˵Ⱥǿö࣬ҪǰйŹ֣ôоͺһ£Ҳɻؿż

ɻ䣬ֻ˵һôͻȻ߶أȥң

˵˵йŹ֣廹ţղҿ

͵شˣǻؿջգ

˵ţҴżҪߡҲôϿʼоٶ࣬ҲңкӦҪߣֻʺ꣺ղ˵ǰʲôŹ֣

Ҫڣݺһɣæûʲô

˵㵽׿ʲôʡ

¼º壬岻ܶôָͷҪСʱһţѿڶҿҿǰһɫĹ⣬ÿ¡

һɫĹ⡱׺䶥ڵ

ͺ㣬ȶԺ˵㼾ҲеŹ֡

¿ʱʮǿסЩµ飬Ժ˶ӣ˭֪ʲô£ȰѼȥ˵

ֽţ˵ҪҲħǰȥʲôð






27

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屻ôһʣҲЩŻţ㲻Ҫ˵ħˣûʲô

˵գ˺£򼾳ȥͷʲô忴֣Ҫ£ħ

屻£ڻԾİЩ򶨣಻׽ĶҲ޲ߡ

꿴У˵ǲҪôǰŪ˼ˣ

֪ԹԼ£һҪҵģôңȫͷҪǼҲŵˣ½ݡ

׻ָǣˡϹ⡱һݣô򵥣Լϣȷ˵ǽϣЩһƥ£Ҫ죬Ҫ֪ͨͥУӦøعһ

ţŸеԵÿԼһʱȣоȥ򣬸ȥ롣ͬղŵĻȻؿջ˵

һţ÷סŴؿź꣬ʣղſʲô˵һ

ԭԭ˵ˣϹ⡱֣Ǳɫվߣߣȥ壡

ʲôҲȥ˵ٵģŲʲôͥŵһ

㿴ģȻȥ˵

ҲԥˣʼΪʲôҪ壿᲻Ҫץҵİܲܲ

ʵôֻϹħƾѲ˸ϵħưͼڵȥһ뻥ֺޡȻһоӻԭȥԶԶܿȥţ磬治ġڰôû¡ԺͻȻһԼԭʱĶΣܲżѶб׷ɱЩ龰ħƵĻ䣬һƬհףʱþ붼ôһ򣬵϶г֣ξҲܾȻţֲܵѰΡ

ѵǺǰйأħԣԼԿĪԼδָ

ô벻ûеȻжǳعƶҲǷ˲ħԪüƳʱҪ

ǲƶͥͲŹ·һðعԼʩħʵȫļأع޼ƿʩ࿹žġ

Թȥú˳һ飬ȴкö಻׵ĵط廹ڵԼشֻʵ˵Ҳ֪ﲻͥأҲùܵģǶæŻڸȥͥʲôġ

ͥкúøͥɱ׺һһ׼

򼾳˵ܿСڻҰҼʱѩأ춳ˣòײô󣬺ͬһ㣬ܷܲŹ

ģֲұ֤ıƶѰ֪ܲܵסƥħǾ˵ˡ˾ģǰϵϹ⣬϶ʲôöҲûҵķƬط壬Ҳģô˵ƾ֮Ҳŵġұ֤ˣû±գ£һúñڷŲܣһпܺ˱ˣһҲǺ

ŵͷһֱӳš

һţŮͷƵŮ·

磬Ҫȥ

ʼкøУʱ⣬ϵ´򲻹ʲôˣʲô£ʮֿɣοԼҹŮڶͳ¡ԴȥǧУѰЩʹȵŮһֱڷƽ˾ԼڷҲ˵뻳ŮʱҲԸٶʲôرĹϸ𡣱Ҵǳȥߡ

һģҪҪҴ棿Ů΢΢ƫͷʧɰģ

棬궼᲻ֻӦ

ָֻź˵⺢ӵĸԭ˼ǸŻȥ

ͺӲسɵֻۣ̬ŮŻǲš

ʲôôأŮɼеʡ

ӲͷƤ˵ȻҪȥ˲֪ϲء

Ѿͷˣæ䣺߰գأ

һ˵һǡ㱧ǣ̤ϡ

ǣ磬˵Ťͷʣ˵ŻǼţ

ýģӿٶȣ˷Ƶأһ㲻˲ôˣ

Բͷһǳɽɽ֣һĬľˣһؿԼ

ɲʱ㵽ǰյɳĮϿգûȣؽһҪúϴǡͷֻһͬʱ䣬ű㱻ʲôסͷһ籣ǰˣƶˣڲԶŮŭ⣺磬ôƭң





28

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֪ŭֱǲæվƶˣЦ˵ãȷȷʵʵǻԭȥô˵ƭ㣿˵ֻ߰ɳĮɳ𻺻Уƶʮֹ졣

ʱ˵Ǵǳȥߣ˵⺢ӵԭ˼⺢һ֪򳤴ԭĵüѾŭɶˡ

꿴˺һ۵ڲףҲ

嵹翴ԣԽԽ׷ôҲ̫ķˡʱ¿ȥҲɳ죬ȥ

ʱ˵ã⺢ĸ˸ļ޵ģԭ

˵գȥϵİ籣ǰ籱һɳ֪Ůʹһ飬˸򣬺ײվȡЩˣŮȥֻҪ㣬ȥ
ˣ˵£㲻Ҫȡ֣
˵գּߡŮһհһЦ㱻ǧУܵȥ
ʱʹŭ𣬽һţİʱϿһɻ磬ֱŮţȥƲֻͣ棺Īپ
֪Ů˻磬Խ׷ͷŭ֪һǧУƣͼʲô
ŮٴֻƸţʮִš
ʱ庰һС棡
һƬɳĮȻԾɳ𽥽㼯ԽԽ࣬ԽԽߣһֻ޴֣콫һץȥ
æԱһ㣬ͷãʲô

ŮҲ⣬˵ǡǾûץסȥˣû˳ɣɳϣɢɳ
һǼݵƶᣬɳﵽϣ׷ϴ
סжˣ𣡡˲٣߳˿ҵڣͷһŮҲ磬ǲңֻȥ
ڲ˵ʱҿɳֲ̫ȥգ
Ůҡͷ磬ҷǴȥɣ
ҲϻʱǿʱŴʱչʢڷʹȫǷǰһڣԶԶŮ˦ں档һڵԭؽ磬ͺ꿴˼佥ָϤɽˮ̣һ
ʣŮôһҹ֮䣬䡣ҪߣҪɱһѵ籼ŵĵطˣҲôҿ£
ҲòԣŮǰµòһ㣬Ǹģʲô£ҪԼȥС֣ǺеϹ⣬ɲһѹϣҵֱͥ
ţʶֵܿżȥˡȥعȴܴ˽ȥˣȻͻ뵽һգһ꣬Ҫ浢һ֪꣬ʲôӡ䲻ǵħôǱ̰ģȥħʱз֮ʹһߵĸоһҲǡ
ԵĺϣԼҲ˲ϺȣԸȥʮķȴһŲæӭȥȴſһϤİӰײ˸ţвãǼأ
ֵ⧲ڵ˵
硭㡭ȿĿڣˡ
ȥһˣеڹ֮Ĺ¿ԼҲûʱųˣšһ˵ع¡
ؼԸͬԼ˵úܣæڵʣʲô£ܲܰæ
ǡϹֵ£ȴһס˿ڡһ뵽ͼδ⽲һ̸֪ͬ£漰£ͽˣоͻȻ뵽ԼδۿϹ⣬ƾһ֮ǣع֪᲻ΪԼС֡
ǣڰ֣һѾ
ؼ˵Ҳ׷ʣ˸˵磬˵ȥ򣬺ôʲôʱ
ȥҲ֪ʲôȥҲȥˡ
һۺ壬еؿȫΡ⺢ԶģʲôãҲǰ£ҲЩɻɵʲôǣֻԼһԼҲֻһԸ⣬ԼҲа취þõػԽô룬Խˡ
Ҳһ磬㻹Թҡ
ѹæοʵЩҲˣҲԹ㡣ֻǡ˼ž˵óֻ֪Ϊʲôܺһֱ˺˸ӣҲ첻ϣҲãҪȵôˣߵԶԶģЩ
ô˵Ȼʹȴֲ֪˵ʲôãֻʵһ棬ҪСġڡ
˵ǰȴ뵽Ҳ˵ģԼǸǰʵһ֪˼ˣҲ˵ȥˡ
֪ҪʲôǿһЦõġҲûôġ
ʱֻӭԴˣˣ




29

ʮ

عҴҸϻȴúúͼһ̸һ㶣˰

ͼĿԣع۾𴦣һӿ˺壬ϲֶҲ

Ⱥ巴ӦعһѰʱת˸ȦŪú徽úܣ壬ҲСˣ

عЦ£ת򼾳رϲֶúܡȡӣңض

ԼûԼԲڡ

ҲЩ׾ˣֻ˵壬ҵİˡ

ع˵ȥ

˼·ڵĺ꣺ѣɣҵİʧǰȫֵϹ⡣

عϹ⡱֣Ҳɫ͵ػͷأĿת򼾳

ǰǰʲôŹô

عʱ壬Զżҡͷһ򣬾;ȵûţҲʹ÷ǳ˳֣״оҲпܡ

عˣһԲѼ䣬ȷû˵żʵôϹ⣿ǰһֻ̣ض

˵Χħʱ£ħԷʲôҲûŵġмֻ©֮Ҳ˵

ͣ˿عɫһŲŵʣһʣ

ع˵ͷ¹شΪΪʲôһôǲͥɲֻҪħйأһҲ¡

ħϳܿԻ¼

عЦһëȻʧ˼䲻֪ħһ˫ʧأۻλ㲻ʤ㣬ȻҪϾɱһֱڣμӹһ̵콫ᡰϹ⡱ɫ䣬ЩΪģ޷ǲҿɲĳ棬˹ְȥɢɣҲкЩԷ˼䣬ԸȥҲڡعվãǰļԽϾѣﱳħͥ˫ѹӣżر㲻˯Ҳеġ

ôô᣿عü˼¡

ҸоˡӦ֮󣬾Լ⣬㿪ʼһɣֻǺ꿴ˣҲûпֻǾõʲôԾһ棬Ҳȥˡ

ûУعֲ˵ǰֶģôԼ߶ˣֿ㡭Ӽش֪ʧܶ䣬Ҳܴ̼Ҳʲʲôֻ˵Һȥ̽̽·ֻƥ

ģܲɱǲҪ

ãáعһ˫ۿżһ̸ǰĸĤôˣعŰסļ˵ӡʵǰ£ʱ˯ţͬض˵

Ҳǡͬ

Ըٹʮ꣬ܺáع̾˿ҵĽ㣬ʲôǵá

ҡͷҵ֮ǰȷʵֻǵһǰ£ж£ҲεЩ

ŶعˣҲΪʲô

ƽ飬û˼ɹʶҲ벻Ȼ½翴˵

߳䣬عԼ˵Ҫȥƥİ֪죬ȴعԼУӦϵ

Ժ˵ɣȥҰˣüȥ
ҡҡͷ˵ʵܳҲûȥүүǣǺһͬȥǴգҵ뿴ʲô

ҲİӦˡ

ġˡƼܿԭؽ硣ͥʱ˲٣תͷعҲԶɽ֪Ҳɽ֣ӡ֤Լǰĸо

ָĪ⣬ôóȻжع˵ʲôɣҸط˽ţ˵

룬ǰЩ죬ٳ֮Ůͬ壬ʱе㽻飬ȥͥ㣬ýǱҳײˡ

ع˼˵ǰʱ˳٣һжȫˡ






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һһȻΪ࣬λᡭ

عҲžΪߣͨڣûʣ¼ˮ٣м𣿼ǰϵǱңЩ֧ˡ

Ͼͬ壬ǲ꣺Ȼ˵ǵ㣬Ҳô˰ѵj ʲôʣ

عҡҡͷҾͲ֪ˡͻȻʲôʣ˵ضҲͬĸգ

ţĸϺ֮ŮضĸŮֵܽüͷġ

ж󣬾ݵĺŮֲ㸸ײռأڳе˵ƣع̾

ɽѩ壬ЦôʵضʱˮǺ绽꣬񲻹ͷˡ

ᵽȥļأ˶Ĭˡ

һӣعɽ巴ۣ˷ǣ˷ǡ

ʱ˾Ĭۣź˵ĻֲŮô㼾ȥԭҪŮ

عͼ˶һ㶣ˣҲɵˡ

عӦÿ죬Լ˵ϲϲ

æһ˵Ļҵüɲ֪ʲôԵɡ

عȻ֮ǰ˵ײԭ£ȴĸǼü

ϲÿˣڵع棬˵ʲô紵۾ɣͷȥ½طΪ쵽ٳǣ˵ҲõЩɳԼƶ㼯¿ַȥϸҲ˵ԼĻ

ںعֱ磺裬ǰѽ治ǡ

ۼɳˮһγһԽԽУԼͼȥǸЩֻǸЩۣ̽ȥ뿴ǲʲôɳĮǾȥ˵ʱ٣ʱ죬һǿһӰΧֱֱקȥ

һδг˷ƣȴϱʵһֱעļסعһ˷ƣ˫˫¿ȥ

ʲôҾһҲûоع

ŲʲôģԶڻеϼһᣬͷŤһߡ

˵ǱɳĮΣ䶼һαһˡ

عԾδʲô֣Ҳҳ֣

˵գҪʹסˣֲԼĵ̣ɱꣿȰ£

عҲǣü·ܿڿջҵĽ

˲Ϻͼкһס¿Ҳ˵һ⼸ҶҪˣҪиʲôôｻ

æǰϴعҲݲҽһһɣҲЩֲ֣ɳĮ˵ʵٳǸ³ǣǰҲʮꡣɳĮǰиųǣ⻹и˵ǳʱڻҪʢͰǺϡ

ôأعʡ

˵Ǻɽѩˮ۳ɣռؼ«έʮɽϵ壬Ҳϲ·Ѱˮ档Ů˹ϴ裬½ǶȺΰɷЩŮӡ

ϣԭҲеģ֣ôͰѳǸˣʡ

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һ¡һ亹

ع׺ƽ˼ᡰʱҲüͷô˵أ

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عýŽɣϾ䴫˵ʵг룬ȴҲȫ޸ݡ

дǣǻ£һ󣬱ϼտȥˡ

һţع˵ǲ˵գôмϣֲԾأ

Ҫ£ʱǡԽԽģǾɽ

عһסţҪȥ֪סҲ˵Ǵ˵񣬾ģҲһָοղŻ˵ҪôǷǣʱ˵̨㣬ջȥУӦһʱʲô¡ǿҪߣ㲻żЩ

ǲģô˵ҲҲʶһ֮ͬ꣬ſܳ£һҲ񻰡

ع룬ҵããֻǷ£Ӧȥ˵˿Ϊͷǰô´˺֣ɱ˸ɾʲôУ




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ˣҲãǷ·ߣȥ£ȥ衣

Сعܸɴ˵ȣҪʲô⣬鷳ˡ

ȥ¿ȥʸףô

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̧ͷһֻʯɽϣƽе.ʯ׾ͷһʹ£ׯϡȥܼɮ

ʰϣŸǰֻ߻£ûʲôԡ̧ͷȴ

ڴת˼Ȧ۲죬ȴûʲôϡĶ

Ƶǲˣߴɽϣһ޴ʯȺʯڶͼͷ죬ӻԾ էէϢ,νŵָ,ŪĿ,(ƣͨ䡷)̬֮֮֮׳ۣư磬̾Ϊֹ

꿴̾Ǽ֮أֻôѣ

ó񣬼عԶķں˵ЩͼڳںСӡ

ЩŮӣôǺұȣҪ˵λĽģ֡

ЦЦŮӣҾǵģ

һȣüûֱס˵㲻Ҫȥǽ㣬Ѱ˰ؼҰգ

ղͬعһǰ»ʹжֻһ£ҳǰħԳ֮졣Ȼ˶侲ʵĵװԻ̡̻һʣž΢΢һţѰͺȥ

ˬ죬һֻ˵ĲĻ

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岻֪ô˵عǰ溰ô

ˣȱߣһסʣôĻ

岻˵Ҫù״ҲһȥعȰֻԶЩš

⺢ӣֻͰ˵˾һ׻Ҳ˵ô

һ˵Ҳûõ飬Щ˾һʱ

عǣǰķ𴫹±ڻȴ˸ϣֻüź壬˵֣ۻʣʲô

عˣֻ÷˺壬˺ǰˡ

عԼֶٶ£ҲǸӣôͬһʶ

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Ŷ˵ʲô˵ĻôعҲüͷңҹܽ

⡭һ˦ֻ֣úع첽ꡣ

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˵ʯͼղǻ겻ñ㿴ˣŤŤӣȴһȤҲûУֻ·ϡŹֵĶҪĸףôģ

ֻҰû鿴Щ

Ҳգ˰ǻСȥŻô㼾

ҡͷȥģڼҾͲ֪ˡ

ŶҪȥǸղô˵˵žͳˣ

ҡͷס

ʲô칦򣬱ֹͷͷһۼֻһͬعЩͼһ߳ճڲǺúøô

Ҳ֪ΪʲôͷȴӲŲȥԽϲʲôˣԽססڼ˵Ըͬһ͸ˣ˵ĻһҲö飬Ҷ֪

Ҫô˵ǧ꣬㲻֪¶ȥˣ˵϶Ҳ˵ļ

ҡͷҡ˹ģҲ±ģҾܣΪҲӲġһ뵽һ켾᲻Ҫңµ﷢䡭

Щ⣺ҵʲôãԭ˱ˣʲôµģһˣҲҪһʱһʱô

˵ţͻȻǰһɫӹδȺ꾪гѷɱȥһʱᣬǸǰġɽ·ϴȥȴǺ弫Ϥģתں֮ڡϾ已̥˺һҲЩ֧ˡǰͣ£ͷһۺ壬Ŀо͸һ˿ܡ

ϲҪǰȴ˲ʱȴɢϹҲ׺ˣתǰٵأҪӡĺŵֱ壬ȴŰ˵Լվһ

Ȼֳ˻һһԾۿҪѺɽҲǺ޷ҪܣȴһѰ棬ײϽ⣬ײʲôӲʲصصϡ

˲̧ͷعǣ۰æȥȴ⵲סôҲȥ

عͼղһֱϣڼǰųϹʱҲ˫˫µ˱˽ȥץǱãһ·ðͻ壬ɴʱϹ⣬ɱԼ̧֣ͬҪһ¡

Ҫɱһݣŭſ

һԥعһȥ֪δǻϹ⣬;һ飬жæ˻

ʱǰϹ⽥ʢعӲѹͬ˽⣬̷ɱȥعƱ׷Ϻͺ꣬һѰعվһ޴ʯǰ

æǰʣأ

عͷֻƽطʣԭʣ¼֣

žԣ̧ͷһͷ̫ѽΪڱΣʯڻֱЦЦ裬ԽԽ죬ǵء

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ܿ죬ɫúø磬˰ģ

ͷǣĿɨʯɫһͣЦһתͷȥ

ͺ̧ͷһһһ˸ߵĺʯưܣɫݣһִȣһֲֳ²һͷ

ȻǷ£ղôûпȻϣû

뵽ʲôе壬

عԼ˵мˣҸղ׷ʱ쿴˿ɽȫӰ

ɽֻģթȻȵǳҪ

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عͼһǲǲ붯ûԽȥȥԽ죬ԽܣԽס

ԴˡعҶˣҵòˣع˵

ҲСعűȼᣬʵ೤ǧ꣬öЩҲ˼֣šǿǣԽԽٶΪҪȥתͷʺǣô

굹ûܣҲж磬׻ţΧЦûעعʻڴνĺнżعѱظ裬ȴɫɲĹְΧˡæ壬ЩӰ²ģ

ɽ·ȫûˣΪٳķһҲܶΣÿλؼп˵ȥ㣬ôǻûģʯȺû

һ˵˽ɳĮһЩ飬ḽһԴϣһĻþڣȻ˵Ļǡ˵ǵķָͼĶˣԼһ鷲˶ˣ˵ʵΪɺΪʲôûأ

Ҳ˵ǻӰôһع֪˵δ˵꣬Ѿͷ񱻴һƹΣٿѾ˫ȷڵϣͷ֪

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壬㼾ҪˣۼعΧסȴٽһɼڵϵԽԽ԰ףعҲ

ҪǣҧʼǺеʯֻʯԶһ£ǺƽıȻɭֻʯͷ۾õһȥʣڶȴúԼǺڶţǺڶҲڿңǺڶҲڿ

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ۣȴһҲûУŵñסͷ¿ȥǺڶ۾˲ʱҲͷͣһͼǰֳŮװڣſվſ˫ֶۣԼҪǰȴһ꣬ס߰գ

һͷȴҲص֣˵߰գһõģ

ȻĺԺȫˣڰֻһˣҲڣҲڣţһҲûСͻȻ˽Լ



ҪԼһ˺áЦס֣ȥͺȥ

Ļϲż֣ԽԽԶ

ţ̧ͷһãȻؿԶضˡ

ضض˭

̫£ݲˣҲû뵽ȥãߣȥһܣٻ㣬ô

㲻Ҫߡ

Լޱߵĺڰˣһ ·Զ߲ͷ˫ϥһڵϣʲôεĶһ

ҪҪһĻ߱ˣʲôµģһˣֲһҪźõġ

⻰һ磬Դһ£ѵĸоݼţֱ̧Լߣݺҧһڣʹ֮£ʲôˡԼںǺڶ۾š

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ʱɢȥʧøɸɾ

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Ҫ¡οȴ·°ڣȣһβͣ

֪Ҵڣ۾ź壬Ҳ

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Ǿ߸ʬưܵģϺôȥģֻܣЩʯ߾ˡɽ·ơ

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塰һ§סˡ

ԼҲȫԸģ㳤ϣû˵ڡ

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ڴԪ뿪Ƿ֮ȽϺá

뿪֮ǰò󻼣Ǹʬϵ˰ѻճ˻ңúˣʮ˸񣬱ߡ

ʱʮֿգôҲزعȴҲŪ˳չעȥȱ˳һ˲ֱ˻ȥ˵˺һӣܳɹ

عԽûˣŭô£

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ȻǲԸģȣܱȰ˰˺ãɲ·ҲǲС

عԼøʹʹıԸµ

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Ҫ꿴Ը⣬֪ԼҰҲȡҹ͵ģȲ㾫ҲܿҪҪҪˣ

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궶˶ë֨֨Ը⣿һմȳζ

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Ҳòþôֱ׵ʳЩ졣

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һ£ȥż̵˵ǸǼٵģûˡ

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䳣ɹܣԵúЩȴʮ޳ƯЩʵʲôҲûп

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ʣǺǶ³ȴܿסûкµĶ

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ΪϣҹҪԼߣ뵽Ȼһʱ𣬲ѣվǣź壬á

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⣬Ǽıģߵû죬ԹԶˣֶãȻ֮Уæܻϡ

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ⲻȥֻع˵Һܿתͷûı顣

عһ࿴һ£˵ǵûʲôǻǱôˡֻҸطѰѣǸ·

عˣʣҪѰʲôطźãڼ̨㣬˵ͨڵ˴˴ûв֪ĵˡ

ع˼ף֮ǰ˼ңȻܸɵŮң߹ʾԼõĳ⣬Ҫˡ

˼ûٳɵĵȻͣס˽Ųȴȴԥһ£ڽеˡգ

ҲûӦֻǺܿۻһҲֻøŹ

̧ͷ˿ĿԽľչ覵ѩϣЩҫۡ

ȡŮʱ𣬱˫ۣǰѩдʣģĺڷ΢΢ƮһƬ֣ع˺ͺ꣬˼ʾǲҪ

ģԭһ磬΢㣬˼˶룬ֻбһһݣͨͨ͸͸˵ŮҪˡ

ͺ껹ããȻУ֪￴źãعѩɽ˸񣺡ƼС㣬ɻǵԭعô

۾ȥֻѩɽƮһĶƮƮԽƮԽͣΣȵ˸ǰǼλö

Ϊ׵һǰҲع΢΢˸СŮ裬Դ˻ţ

ع΢΢һЦһСԽԽƯˡ

貢󷽣Դ˵ǵָһӼ䣿˷Σꡣ½磬Ǽ任˵գĿһֱվһߵļϡ

عЦߵߣ㿴㣬˵ˡ

ŮߡһŵġԴˣ㲻֪֮ǰҶý

عһ¼ؼӴüһΡֻعЦϴҪңŲ㿴ⲻⲻôûعС

ٲܲڣǰһãʱĵȷȷҪϷ㣬ҲЩĻţð

˵꣬ȴȲŮӻ̧ͷȥֻһؿԼ͸Ů˼ֻ˵Ҳ˵ˣҪôźãȴعһƣǰ˼ֱ嵽Ůǰֻվ˵ãĴˡѵҪҵô

⻰˵ɵȴһ豾ǿһЦҶģ磬Һ룬Ҳм¡

ȼشתͷعԴҲˣ²ʲôС°գ

عȡһҲʲô¡

ŮЦȻʲô£λȵúü顣

عͷʾ⼾

һƼѩɽȥ

忴ͬŮվһ飬˵Ĺ졣

ôһǼ͸ģ˵ּ϶ǼٻìܣղŲһ仰ͬŮһȴֻصԼ߲źáվܺԼһԼֻõصĺ¡

Ǹֿˣյܣ֪Լëַˣȥ꣬һסֿЩɿӹɫĲľ֡ܿ죬ľҲˣɹһβݵأ㵽ѩϡ

ǰ溮һʧʲô

Ů˳Ŀ⿴ȥǱɽ϶֮Уͱһ廹Ҫ࣬ɽɽ´ĴСǺͻѩˮڱҪȥ

ҲعͷȴûȥǱֻ˺һۣĿ⽻һָ˻ȥ

ֱŮ˵ζղŵһᣬŸеԽԽߣѶҪع״ůܲ١

ֻŮ˵ˣ̧ͷһһˮӳͱۣ֮н׵ѩɽ¶Ծ޴ıȻһ塣ػǰӭŮӣƶ

㿴źҧسǵҲŮ




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ôһʣҪҼŮЦǰλŮֻͬһñѩֻǷɫںڣ۾üëɫҲҪһЩڼ֮صԵʣҪԭŮӷ飬͹¡

˵㿴ǲͬŮӣ

ҡҡͷǱѵúܣͱʱٳǼϵ̬ͬ

˰ͷˮǸǰſⲻʯͷǣֻǰʯɼˣԶ͸ˮĴǽߴͱڣ˶Ȼ

վڹǰ΢΢һ·ƣ΢΢Цˣǽȥա

һ˿ԥعһۣعѾˣܷܲڣ壬Ӻ˵ĳ

ǰһһ£̧ͷִϣŮ˽ȥ

һ·һʣ⺢˭ͬ粽

Цѵĺӣڽʱҽ顣˷Ҳ˳档

Ůĺģֻ˳ʣУҲ׷ֻʲôˣҪôϻͥȥ

Ѱͬ˵һ顣

ͷ˵Ҽܲôɽͷ϶ɽһܰһġ

æͷˡ

迴ŴǰԽԽһЦлáתۿҵǰ׼ȥ

Ȼͬһؼȥѿڶеϵֶһ¡

Ŷͷ濴˿ȴûϣɿ򼾳磬˵أ

ЦЦҲǰã겻ִˡ

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ͷ˵ǣֻ󰡣ǱĪ̸ǰͽġ

ͷһеǰλŮ֮ʣͻȻ弾һЦ磬̸ǰ㲻ô

ȼشһ̤ڡ

ͷȥع޿κεӶЦҡҡͷƺ壬һͬ˽ȥ

ڿߣׯϣȴûʲôԵʮֿտֻмĬĬ

عһʱ޻ֻŤͷװϵ̵ͼ赹Ǻ̹ʣǰõġҲûʲôҽ˰ѶˣĸģŪС

̲סʣãЩ굽׳ʲô£ôŮ죬

ɫûʲô仯ڰֵǳ˵£ڲ̸磬ҲΪ

һ㶣˵֪

迴˿쿩Ц֪ʲô׷㣬֪ʲô

ֻԼϣܻ䣬лƣЩΣֻ˵ЩҲЩʣЩԹ˲Ͼ£޴ˣǲã̸ʲô㡭

հհգЦЩԭӣϲһ˼ҪŪ֣ϲҲٰɣ˵˵ȥû翴۰ˡ

ÿɷҲЦЦҲ㽿ģѩصĵطԸ⣿ٺãҲסվ쳤ļįڸû˼ˡ

ôĳڲȴǰȻһûĵ˭ңֻл̸ϸġ

ұǲǰǼϲңҸ迴۾

һϯĿɿڴ

عֻҰñܲ˵סļ˵˳ӣð¡

Ҳϲ˵ֱףЩ𶯣֮ǰֻͬһֻͬһ˵ˣֻһ˳飬֮⣬ʵбˡףǰŮӣͬԼһѼߣԣԼƽ˵˵Ҳʲڵġ

굹ʶ԰ˣ漾ҪӦԣһԿ֡

裬ƷòģһҸ˼ҡҪֻң껪̾˿밲ȴ֪ĺãֻ˻

豾ͷʱһӵͷȥڴᡣ㣬ԽԵó

ûˣعЩסˣֲԼ棬ĴҿĿԼͶʹɫ

ǲعԼʹɫȷ˼£عԼʾĬĬļŮܳһ˵ǻҲҰˣ

صڿտյĴװʮ㣬֪ģΪֻ֮ԡ

ع˿裬Żָ̬Цˣҹż磬Դˣʧʧ

عæס

̸ڿҲˣȥѰ

æס˵ҲɽѰˣɽи£ûǲСĵ㡭

ŮɫһֻͣѰħѡǲʶ·˹Ҳѹ֡

˵գҪǳţȴһҴҽŮײϡյʲôôģ

ŮæⲻǣվŵƥϹİɽˣ




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ˣһôҪȥңԼˣ

輱æʵȥ

ŮӲҵæƴ򿴼ĵطȥһ߷һһƥѣųӡ

ԲסС㣬֪ΪʲôһϹ⣬;ÿֲĻš

費۹ⶼ½Ѱͺ겻ȻʲôҲҲſͷ߾ιع壬廹Ǿεۡ

ˣһ

δúðͷѺع彫ȥƿȥһɫĶɽƶ

һѱסŮס꣬һȥˣ

ҲȥԼ䲻֪ʲô£ȴŵҪ½ͻȻֱֱԼȴֻǱӹ׷ǰ˭֪ܵü죬ܿ촩Խִ˸ߴĻԭ

ҪƵǰ棬Ҫʲôع弾

ŷٶȣ˺Ͱһξ룬档

磬Ȼħܵô죡Ҳڼߡ

һͷ˵ӹʲôȥ˾У

ǳҼܣҲʾ

عһ̧ͷȥķ򣬹ȻǴ

ѵ£عѿڶ⻰ɫ䣬ԼҲһ

˵Ǳ²ʲôҪȥѰأתͷ裬ȴ֪ȴһȥ

󾪣æסʲô

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ˣһǰȷɽɽصڳʯʹķݡ˵һʽ΢ֻ֮Ҫڱ֮µǿӣܸꡣ

ô˵ħпǳȥġ

ȰѺӷ£

ͷһۣĿ䣬Ѻһӣ廹£㱻νڻͬʱҲعס

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ΣգȻϴţ˵

Ҫȥֻǲɣǣ졭

죡űɵİǰѽѩߣȥ

ȥ⣡عϵ·ԽԽаˣ

˲ȥعֻôҲ벻ԼϦദİɽӡ

ҲǺ֣㲻ȥұԼȥ

㣡գƽٲĬˡ

Ϲⲻ֪Ϊʲôع־壬ֱ

ܸо죬תͷһعҲһࡣ

ܿ죬ǰ㵽˱֮ϣƺԳ¶ŸҪԾ£ǡǸϵʱŮΧס

عħŮֻҲȥֻϹЩͷٵأ˲Ϣ񣬲óȻǰ

ͻȻ͵һͷ˻һݺһ壬һӵضɽҡΧǧ겻Ļѩö˼ں¡¡ȥ

һƥŲɫȴˡ
عԴȫ⻷ƣֻ򲻵ԣΪ

ôúֿʼٵأ˫뽩ţ˶ϵϹֿʼֳʢ

ڷʲôع״߸ԾҪȥ

ʱĸ߸ߵҲˣгԼҲ֪Ϊʱһ죬Ǳ߱ϣǻѩµĺ¡ûøɸɾˡ·ޱսһƬɫĿֲ

ղŻͷһɽȸףѩƬƬ£ܿ첻Ӱ

ʱҲɵУͬعһ׼ɱ˰˵

ǧһ֮ʣһͻȻںУ˾磬㾹Ҫɱô

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عͼĵѣ־ͣڿУȥһԾ𣬳׼ΧȦĲλ壬ײ˹ȥ

廹δ׹ֻǰһڣ߸𣬺Ͱһɽ¡




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˵عͼصûֻܶ辪һãӣ

һͷŰ壬±ȡ

Ҳ̲סٳ»ۣڱѩ޴⣬ȥ

ʱͷԣɱϵıѩ䣬Щݺϣֱ׹ȥܾＱӹһƬ׵ķƣŬۣǰ̤ѩΣ޾ɫϹ˳ȵ׶ȥе

ʹȫѩɹĺХҲкɤӵľġ

˵ʱ٣ʱ죬Ĳƹѩ嵽£ͷ𣬺סӲǣͷһǰƺͣһ£ҪͷӡֻëѩףҲܿ϶ǲǴʵҲϸһȫ£صϿգ䣬ͷݺȥ»Ρ

һأҪȥ±߿һסŭҪȥʲô

͵ûͷҵſ

۾һɣʱ֡

ڷѩжţʯ㽻㣬ͷҷɣס

תŵܵ±ߣعסôô£ǰѩͣˣȥ٣㼾װһȴˣô

һ̧ͷֻѩɽֱֱ֮ȥΪۣͨΪƯͳȺ

ֻͷӰѹźȫӿڵϣһֳŵأͷҲվˡ

ʱƿճƽ׷ֱŮӹ

ع˿ȥ壬ȴһǰѩϣе졣

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ǿվǻһ˿ѪղűݺһײڻЩתֱֱ棬ԨڶģʲôҲ

عͷȴعֻź꣬ȫǱ˺

ղһֱͷſԱߣʱҲվˣ߹ȥļ磬忴һһѰס

һ㶣Ҳס壬ֻߣ˵ô죿ҪҪ

ս˸첲ҪʲôѰѰŰ㼾ͬͬһҶ㡣ǻҪһȥߣȥԶĵطģóԵġ

ˣĵһůȴһǺסҪڵϡ

һֱźǣʱ״æǰѺᱧüͷɫҪۣȴֻ΢΢һ졣

ѹ

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۲ѣᰴؿڣžúЩ

߹Ҳóҩúˮ£ŽѪɫûˣʼ磬ղǰô˵ˣôһ硯Դˣ²ˣ

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һ䣬ԼҲӦɫѵǰǡǡ

Ҳһعһ߰ѺϢһ˵ħʲôʲôšղһʱ㺦ֶԺٲˡһιûѧԡ

ˣ˺һӣſعضԪµȥ֣

عº֣

ȴӲס߿壬ǷʲôҪϾɱ

عһ˵㺦ӣ㻹
ⲻشԼԽסæסҶ

Ҳ֪̫飬ź޺޵ȥ

ŭֻ˵ұȥϢһ¡

áԼ֪ġ

ֲֻðµءվˣſع˵ղǼأ²ȥֻ֡ҵİǱµ֣

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żһʹˣ˵ʲôʲô㶼ֻҵӿݲ֪Ϲ⺦ˣ֪ǰɽϴѩźúð˻֪ҰڻҹŰůʱʳҲˣ죬һڿιȥģҴСͬһ棬ͬͬ˯δֿʲôҶѰá㲻ֵܼȴҪҿɱô

˵˵ţ˿ǻҲҪһۿ㶳ɱճϣòȼش𣬱ȥͺվһκȰοٲͷ

ĬȻվһعſڵҲȷʵЩʵҲ˵׼ǰʲô¹شҪȥġֶ˵С㣬ðһ䣬ҸղſΣôãͼʮأ




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Ҫ𣬺ȻϲԷۡǰȥվ±ϵĺͺ˻

е㹦±紵ߣſֻ˽ס壬һְסһ£ͷһԲ֪ﲻܣȴҲŻͣʱ˿ˡ

عںעܺ§ڻȴů⡣뼾ʱ޿̲ڻԼԼȴ֪ܲ㣬رЩʱգԽǽҪͷԽǷԽҪ벻£˵˵ĻȥδмᡣͼǸͣɷѩ̫󣬸û˵˵ҲοҲ

輱ˣ˵ţſ磬ֱܵ¿￴ɽʯѩڹзһԾ䣬ǷƹֺУ졣

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ӭŷһװŮӳзɳ͸ղͬɽȥƽѩļŮվһУ

ţʱȴһҲַǴ¶ڣǴͬȥ

ŮֻӦһɫأȴްη塣

ͷ׼£ͷ˿عɿضԿһۡȻҪȥģֻǺô죿

ֶҺ㼾һѰعܿ˵ȴⲻᡰšΪԺиء

ֻź壬ȴ޷֤ʲôѩǷѩ죬徫µУȴüãȻȴޱӣһʹ

ԴˣҪȥˣ費ԥ±ߴߵҪǲȥԼҲȥġ

ԣͻȻӦͷԼǧСġ

һ㶣Ѵźڷѩվȣʹ份Ůסӡ

عһסתߣ·˰գߣ

ݺģȥŮ߹һǸϣ˵ţԾǲ׵ȡ

عͼԾµһ̣ͻȻһ

ͷһŮѴ˿ǻղҲģң

δ÷ѱعһһǰҰ׾任ǹȵľֱֱ·ȥöľúܣٶ﷢ᣬۿȣⲻȥ룬ֻܺǧĴȴл֮ȥֻһ㣬Լͷȥο꣬æعӿٶȣڸŮǡ

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ŷţ˻ˮ

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ԣһˮڲףվ档

״Цһˮֻȥô

ЦԼ֪ѵԥͳЦˣҲվˮϡ׼ȴóǡ

عҲǱĺˮҲ΢΢һڣŮͼ·Ĺ⣬˴˵ı鲢

ֻҾˮԡ

˵û·ǰ˿һˮˡ

ܺˮããҪң

ţһİ䣬ǰˮ㿪ʼת𣬺͸ղһģһȴκǲãˮҲһ˻ֻͷϺܹιˮ档

ܿ죬ԽԽ󣬷һ㵽˽£عͼһһƬڶģֱͨˮס

貢˵ֻа˰ݣ̤ˮ룬ӯһ

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ǳˮعһŽһˮֻϣղŵļڹΧƺȸղˮϸˡ

ˮˮʮ磬ҲһعСô˵

ָŮǰ˼ŵҸղ룬ȻӲҪҲ˰գ




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عһ㶣ӣ˵治ղһӦҲ̫˵㡣

˲ԼͬϿ˿

˵ֻعǵĽŲޱߵĺڰɶе¶

ֻع̾һ֪ΪʲôôСߣðЩ

ԳĬţעߵĶҪˮԲõعˮУˮĶʮеԼ̤ˮ׺ǣһ޴ĶѨ

ع֪жô

ҾôӸղˮ˺þãŴõعü˵Ŀޣ࿿оʱев֪ľȻιʶ㣬ɽѪﻹе㷢ëڣôֵطɭúܣ

ˮȻˮ̵˵

ɼңҲԲգ

ֲǲ֪е飬ȥκҲԲҪġ˵˵ǳɷˣ

ҿû˵𡣡

Էȥ˭֪û˵꣬ͬʱһ£˼⣬һ⣡

ǻɫģмһӨ̣˱ѹֺڰУ⣬

ǰһŮԲߣׯϡعڰпȥ˵ɫľ飬˵ɫʬİ

ͷЩЦǵʲô



棬ضҲ棬ΪʲôҪܲ˵ŮڣҲжΪʲôҪﵽϣ

ȥȥա侲
Ҳǡع죬æҡ

̾һҲĬˡ

ǹԽԽʱͻȻڵ֣طصֻУô

ʱŻعͷ磬Դ˸ղŲΪʲôغЩơǺһСûǴĸŮգ

عһغʲôԨԴǲ˵ⲢײˣпǼأ

˵ĿŶع㲻ȥ˰գôԶ·ôãΪټһ棿

ع˵УҲش

ԽԽ󣬺ӵҲԽԽƽеһǰعſ壬ǿϹŻƵʯһյƻˮ𣬳ǧꡣ

ͷһ޴ͷǹŵĴ죬һڣƻеƻ˸

ҪߡعͷԸŮ

⣬ǲſŮɫѾ򾪻򼱣ȴ

ǵıңܾáˮԡ˵ˡڵ׳ʲô£ɫǵĮѩǸ֮ɫ¾ʲô﷢ȴԿԼҪӿŲ

С㣬֪أǿ첽ȥġ¾ʲôҲ˰գعһȣδ֪òס

ҡҡͷǸʶġҲᲽȥġſˣطص𱻾ĹݡοҳԶҲһ˿ѪͨЩҲܷȥ

ǰȻͨһ㣬СԸߵڣȥعһ

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ǼŽŶǰǷֿġ

عʮƽаǣ͵͵ŹϿȥȴһء

еͷĹǰǲſĻǰиʯ̨һһ˶󱧵ùˮҫ£ʡ

ܿղ˭ڣЩ

˴ҳַֻ͸ˮϣ˱仯Щɫʾеͼ

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أ

عֻûѪһҲг

ǰ¹ˮݲֻ˸񣬿дʣȴܼ̣䣬Աһֿóһ

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о¶ֻٿ

ֻǰ¹һӯйˮǰҲͼô񣬿ηǳعϤҲӡ̵ģԶǵһ˿Ϸʵ΢Ц

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عתȥžûѪҺֻصˣȴıˮһ

һЦƺǰļһЩʱĴƽмϵĵһЦʹ

ʱ̫ʢ½磬̶ֱֻ̼ԼôҲᱣ

ʲôС˸˼䡱ԭǡ˼䡱

̾ʱ̫ף½ֻغһΪʹ

ؿ򼾳һߣƺûб뷨

Դˣ磬ʵڣŹǣһʯһ˾Ҳڴšұ룬ӲڶáɼؾѴ֮ȥˡһ˵ݵ

ݵüһعһ¡

ҪʲôǲǶ費˵ԱһŮ̲סʵ

ԭ

˵ǰգҲҳϦദûҵ˼һ½ȥҲҵĻġ

迴һŵȻָȰֻһ仰ǲ鷳ΪϹ⣬֪ǰйϵգ˵һʼǳİգڶǰһǰ

һϯƶĻҪǶԼоȷʵô£ֻǴƽﶼϳϣûˡ

ع˲ԥӿڵֻһλ꣬ҪֲռɽΪڣûСкԡɼȻС˼ݣ֪ʲô£벻ʲô¡

衰ߡһɫѿ׽ڣǡһλꡱ߳ŭС츳죬ʦ֮ǰûõ֮󣬸ͨ󣬵ʱ˵ҷˣҾ֪ûô򵥡˭֪ʲôУ

عЩ֣伱İЩͼٿǰǸСŮûʲôˣ˽úܡãҪͷԼôصãҶô

ħ֮ǰ֪ȰļغöٱΪƽף󣬼ֱһǫǫӣôһ˵öҲԸŵģԼҲЩģԥԥüǸ˽ȥ

һ·мǰ濪·ÿʮಽһյŹѨ·ۣԽɫԽѿ

ںܴ󣬿߽ȥҰóϣع趵ۣЩۻŵһ뵽ᳵ·شﾭԺֵ︡ĻԽ࣬ĬĬԡ

ߵһһϢ̶ǰȻʣǰһһ޴ĻʯͷĹңȻɣȷûһյʯں񷶥ȫǵ͵⣬һϢһ㡣

Ĺߣиʯ̨һվŵİɫӰǰƺҲᷢ⣬İУʮۡ

ϢһžͲ޳صӰ͸ƮƮȥǲܵ漣

δӦѴʣأҼڣʲô

Լһλ꣬ȴе㡣

֪ͷʲôʱлתعͼҳתԿȷǱҪҵˡ

صҲʹΪѣ󷽷ش̨ϰ߰ƮйȦˡ

ֻ岽⣬㲻ǰǡÿϵЦݡ

磬ˡ

죬δ

㿴ҽƥѩԵӣŵӣ㿴òã

صüһѰ£Цú㣬ŵáá

ؿ˼һĿֱԽһŮֱֱعüһ䣬˵ʲô
ع͵һǰݺǸ޶£濴Ǵһ꣬ü̬вͬ

ԺЩǰദгЦоܾз̣ͻȻʮȴû֪أʱԼ˵ʲô

ֻЦݵؿһվûгֻ֪Һá

عĺͳһ֪ǰļ֣ҡҡͷ㲻֪

Цǹ꣬Ŀȴʮʱһ޿κΣعʱ⵹ֻصܾͥԼ죬ҲԴ޿κΣȻԼ޿ɿƵضá

֪Ԫҳϵ£ҿɲ㡣ն⣬ִЦȥŮ

㲻֪һԴķһæתȥ꣬վڽĹҵϣֱֱǡΪ׵ģϵǸأ

ضʲôع

վǼĺͺ꣬Ҳͷۡ

ǼزŲǣֱֱԼǰǰͣ£ǰԪ񾹱߳ͷ˿ûı顣
㵱Ȼ֪꼾ص۵Ϊ˵Ļȥ˵Ϊ㣬ҲˣֻҲˣҲˣôƽˣ븺ˣңǷˣң㣡




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صȴڷعһ̧ۣۿȥλµشأ䣬ǰѼ

û˵ǷҵġԼԸ⡣λ겻Ըͬع˵һ仰ȴἾصȡ֣Ŀƴعһ㣬ֱֱļء

һȴعסȥһָҲһȥ

ع£ǲôߵģһȴعŭôˣҪͬ˵ʲôʲôҲܿôʲôԼԸ⣬Ҳܲˣ

عδڣλЦαôţұ㣬ңͬ˵ͬ˵кβͬ

Ȼͬغ˵ô˵عͥʱİɱˣ

عˣͬʱһ

ֻ̫ǿѹסѡҪ㵱ʱ̼£ûԴ˽ͣھңˡλ굹ǲǸΡ

رͬعһԣվסЦøң㣡Ҳͬƽϣͬ˵ô໰Ϊҵգ

һҪֳңԭҵģҪʲôԣλһҲ⣬ЦЦ弾磬˵ǲǣǲӦðң

ԣɫ԰ףعأĿ⸴ӣһ æѼػ

λвһɽŵ̬ȣع㣬Լˮ䲻缾ۿۣͼأ⣬Ӧûʲô¡ǰλ꣬ɲˡϻɽϹⶼԼͼΪ֮һ𣬾ôöԸġοԼҲµ֡

۽һɨͺ껹վڼֶ

þ漬֣عôһ˵ŭعʲô˼ѵһẦɣţȴǰ˼λվһ

λ̧ͷһûм΢ЦܿҲǡĻģþԶȴϤϲֿ־ʹһݼš

ٿأֶһĮĿ⽻㣬ؿôЩԼ˼־ģ˸սҿععҲվԼǰǱߣˡλ֪ͻȻԼڳѹԼʱ·϶סһٲĺڰȴûֻ֪ǸͻȻֵġԼĮ񣬺ȫʧȥʶ󣬱ˮɣԼûڹҲȻ

º֪ʱعϿⲫʱƴȥȥҲоعֻƾԼ־ŵס뵽ЩԵعҲе¡

磬㿴ˡλվڼԱߣĿȴżأϵЦԽˣ̸һѰ

㡭Ҫȡҵôȴޡ

һֱͺԱ϶˼صıˮ飬ȴϰ߿ڣ·ҲȡʱعӦǸղشҴҸعǱ뼾شһȥûᱻع𱸣ȲԸ⣬ధȴֲ̣һӦˡҲһΣãԼµ꣬ûпô׽ʱ¶ײɪ֪Ϊʲô飬⡣

ֿλһޱ飬۾żغعĿĮһҲԼŪܲζĿǰǲµġǻôΪʲôǸλʲôҲһһĥأ

㼾ܿ¡˵ðһϸ΢ŪúĶġ

òԾȻ֪ȥˣ³˱ϵ⣬ǺڶʲôҲѵ棿

棿һɶƵȥһ

ʱλִڣع飬չΪҡôҲֻ弾һЦ£ĿҲ㣡㿴㣬Ǹʲô㲻½籣ʱһ

أסڣعȵ

λӵؼ˵һˣռҵң

˵ţҪץءѪɫˣһعȥץҲֵ

λ겢ûǰֻǹЦЦֱͣˣڼϣֿʼЦ

ֻһԿţһ

عܲ˵ȥأס󣬲ȥʲôɵ

ػҪع˺ݣ§ڻֶ˼£侲

һֱڱȫžУأٰӣˣʲôУ

λ⣬˶ˢˢȥһ׹ԶС󣬵˽ǲſǺƥ

ֻǰǺͱһģһ⣬ˮƽءֻһδ̤ʯλߡ




47

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ҪкȴλĦŰҲ˳ӵصͷ

ֲõԤУҪˡţҲ

Ҳ룬岻ҲΪҡСûʲôˡ߰㣬һҲף߰գ

˶û˷ߣûǵĶ˶λ꣬ζ

һתûмش·ǸҲ֪ôߵˮȥ㵽˺ӱߣƾ㱾죬ҲûԼɳԨ

߲ˡҡͷ

ô߲ˣϱСҿҪǲҪ⣡˵ţߡ

ͷһĿȴڼͣͣλԴЦĦŰŪϢ񣬿ɼȴûһһ˿š忴ʱҲ߿Ҫܵ˼ȴûʲô

屻ƺע˵ȴ᲻뿪ʱλĿɨŪúͺ˲ʱһλ겢ûǵ˼»⣬һʱѨ

˶ǳɽҰˣʯѨǧذתҲ˷򣬺٣ܵõײײȴһ̲ͣһԤеʲôµ£ҲֻΧһʱͲڱ˺ںڰ͹ٽܣ

һ뵽;ôֻȥôӳȥ

Ȼɽݺҡ£ڱܣһʱƾˤڵϡ

Ҳܡȴסϰһȭ㷸ʲôɵܰҪ㣡ûǰ˲ӣϹ⣬ɱصúô㻹ףͰ㲻һϵģҲﲻˡ

ˣȻоղŶڽţַϾĿֲգֻñؿڷۡ

һʼȥֱǰ

ֻ

Ǵʯ԰Ȼ߹Ҳ޷ͷǰһƬڰ

ʯֿʼζʯҲҵҡڣҪһ㣬Ӷз¡¡ľ޴죬ôغҲ

ŵöڵϱסͷźӵ׵ҡΣ֪Լˮ£δȴûһ˿¡ֻţҪҪȥҡεԽԽԼǸۣǱ¡

ǿĹİ˴ȥͻݵġشǾʱ˵Ļ

Ϊʲôܽ 

ڣͬһҡһ߽Ҿܸо˵

ǽȥˡ

ڡڿ취ôˮȥһһˣ״ӵվ˺˼

壬廹ŶڣãȻʧͶƵġͷǶڷĲϢΪ

ѵӲȥ꽹겻֪ΪʲôҪС㣿ʲôôһ鷲ˣֵطʲôҪˣֻ鷳Ҳҵõʲô֪һ㼾㵣ô룬£ܵô

ԽԽֻҪ޳ΪʲôҪͬ㵽ԭԭ֮ʲôطȥʲôط棿ƫƫ䵽ⲽأΪʲôҪͬ㵽ΪʲôﶼԸ㣿Ǵ㡭ǡ

źʧģŻع֣ޱߵĺڰ

㡭ʲôֻ۾ںڰ̻𣬷žֵĹ⡣

ղšǴġ

ղžһͨߣһƬڰ!

߲ߣ岢ͷղ˳£Уӵߴ߱ǡ

˵ţ㾲һƬ顣

˵ֻһ˺ã

ֻһ˺ãһֱǣ

ʱٳǵ˵Ļڶ߻졣

ҴǰܹҲûԼΪʲôֻȥܿضʲôˣһ֪ôģһ֪жպޣڣܡ

ÿ϶˯ţһ˯žͲ֪Լ˭һţͲ֪Լ׻ʲôԺӻҪôǰڼңԹĮԹԹǸҲ֪ʵԹģԼ

źѰˮǳĵطȴôҲв˾񣬶ȫǼԼ˵Ļ岻֪Լ˼ۣʲôþòʶԼᣬܿɢˮڰȫĺ¡ҡΣȴֻżɲܻȥҲܾ߿ޱߡ

ҲΪʲôԼǴλԭʼһֱͣؿҪʮˮһ

걾»ȥ֪ڿޣղˣҪҲעˡ

ͻȻߵˮͻȻļʲôЮž޴ĳֱֱ

͵һƺ꣬һڵϣһ޴ϹͷϴܹѺˮֿߣ

ŸʲôܰϹ⣬һź壬Ϲȥűֵĺӵȥ




48

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ºˮֺϣӰܡ

ȻУɣͱڼаûƽصģǿôȥ

һҧûˮûˮұܷˣ쵽ұ

岻֪ʲôӣֻſ걳ϡ

ץˣ

걳ź壬͵ϳȥһʱ׷Ϲ⣬һȫɵۣϹУһ

ɹȥץβͣ˵

ʲô

ܳŶãҪȥֻܿˣ

֮׷ҲմӼֻʱִӼЩȫʹˣǳŲ˶á

ҲصǿµˮȥǰͱʵһûЪŵĵطԼź壬Ȼϲȥ

ҧҧĵһΣϹȥϹʱǿҵһʱ͵ץסβ͡

ȫǰеβһ׹ŭ͵ذѺһ˦ۼԼԼȥ·Ҳ϶ҪײˡѾᵽɤۣҲв

ǧһ֮ʣһˮ棬ݺݰһײһʱײ˱ɽͺץźβֻͣø߸߷δٴΰβźβ
ľ˾ţٷɲ˱ֱ׹֮ʱ㱻

ץסıǰһСģ

ͨϹ⣬צǷźǣŤֻһһϷȥ

ϰݣһײһצӼץһƬ
۵ŭһһڣڵϣȴòúͺȥ

һ䣬׼ʱڸ߿һӣ

ľ㣬ɺߣܲܣӻס壬ɫ壬ӭϮ
循ûδг͸оһ޴ĳݺײϣצطȥ

ٿɫͻȻһ£ҪϮȴƺٷɲͱȥ˲ǰһʱˣĵֵùմڣۼǧû취ֻپӲһҡӣʾߡ

ۼѾûʱôˣ¼йƱȥʱƣ۲ѣһѱס뿪

ߣҪ㲻ôһı⣬ߴٺߡ

ûû屧żе͵ضһ¡

ʱѿʼ˵ڶθ壬岢̧ͷֻͷ§Ųܶļ

ӣҪͬһˮˣ޺޶½ţܿˡ

Ҫײ򼾳ɹʱһ±߸еأ粻㣬㾹Ҫô

һعײ漴ͬȥȵͬʱΧסжʱʼһս

棬ǿŻָΣ۾ֱֱϡȺԽ򣬷Խߣܿɵÿˡ̾˿ߵġ̫ǿħԸǡ

˵òᣬ仹ǿԳΣȴһģ־Ҫˡ

ǰҪ˵ˡ

Цˣ˵仰˵ʲô

̾Ϣһһ

ղ˵ûˡ˵

岻˵

ǰЦһ£ͬһ

֪סʲô

ղڶ룬ˣȲ˰һҪһӡ

ҡͷſżֻǾҵطˮδεڼϡ




49

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ͣȥһ̧֣㱻ץסֻ˻˵˵ʲôɵʲôҲ޲

ˣһ£죬ȴû˵ʲôָֻס壬ֱ֣ŵסӵ촽ŻУȴʮֱ䡣

ʶģҪ˯ȥͱݺҡѡûҲûƼͺ궼İһʧسϣƲ¼ļأǣˣҸ

ǧҪ˯ȥƽ˲٣Ȼ˻ƣΪղŴ޹ʱʱһ鴤

عѾõòˣͺ궼úڼߣȴ˭Ҳ䡣

ʱ콵ѩѩһƬƬϡЩܲˣ˫ֱһһƺ塣

һرż

䲻ѣȴҲϵѩ΢΢ۣôѩ˰

嶳촽ϣǰ

𣿡۾뿴

䡣̧ͷϣԽԽ󣬱ȴϱߺͽƵ͸ŹܱżҲ֪Ƕˣˣ֮Ҳû֪

ѱΡֲϵѩԼȴѩһˡ

૵˵΢嶼˵ʲô

ҡȴԼҲûˣ͵͵תԼҧһڣҲûʲôʹ⡣

ǡˡ롣

ܲܡŬ˵ߣһ¡

δ˵꣬ѱ͵ס촽ͷӲ̽죬˽ȥȥź壬ȴҪԼȥŬӦþȫǴ΢ůʪڱѩȴüܵǿĵ׵ļ¶ȫҪһͬһ㡭ʲôأʲôϹ⣬ʲôǧĿ»䣬ȫˡ

ٴŴһʱزײⲻɽٳǿջķôѵ֮ǰһУһ

ҪؿһʹʹͷĿѣ漴һ˫شϡ

ԭģ

һܣ

Ҳʣܻͷڱأ

ˡǵĿǸȻָңŪüֺּޡ

ʲôˣ

ѰʱԱ߾ֻֻ꣬ʣ˼ˡ

һ˹ȥ˵Ҳʡ

еӣþЩˡҵֻ˵ȴûоİ취˺ӱˡܵͷ˵

ҵʱֻʣܾܲȣҡҡͷҲ˵˺壬ͥɹȥˡ

룺˵һ͸Լˡ

ûڴϺһ󣬲ŵ˵ܻܲ

֪ܵҲû

һ󣬵ôߣ

ˣôߣܳĬһŵعǻû֪꣬ôˡ

Ҳˡ

ޱؼ˵ҿҲˣȥʱ

˵ˣûô

еˮ۽ؿȫ飬ţˮһνһΣһߣôҲͣ




50

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֮󣬱Ů

źҲʣֻæܵл

ܰڰֱȥˡ

Ůߣ̾˿ضأ



Ůְϵͷ˵ֹûУֹˣͬһȥա

ޱؿŴŮ΢Цһ£ȥˡ

ٻһסʣ׾ȻûУ

ҡҡͷҵҲšҪٵһա

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˵ѣͥգϵöˣҪûæҵõ˾һĴ壬ŭ

㼱Ҳûá

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ҵȻܲ˫ʮƽǺʲôˣͬȣ

۲˵ؿһһ

Թ˵ҲǺΪʲôﲻʲôæҪɽȥԭΪ㡣

ؿһۣΪѰΪҡ

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ǰ

ųڣڶʲôҲ޲

ոʱ۵øȥ

ˣҴʱȥܿ˵㿴ӣʲô

ءһ۵üҪʹȥŮæס鵤Ŀת˼תʹвˡ

㣬ͬȥ죬ֱضŮ˵

Ůܣܱ߳ȥˡͷԸؼˣٺòˡձ̰գ

ص뿪һµļ磬Ϥİ

ĸ̽ףˣҴææϺָ˻ӱ浾˼ǰֵֻᡣ

صĸҲˣվԱߣ˵뼾üƯǳϱҲḻ˵䵭ɵŮ춼ˣȴ

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ĸ׵Ŀ⣬˵ȥ

֪ѰȥˡҲ֮϶Ƴħ֮ƣҲܡŮ

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һֱǲס

һеӣô

ҵѩʱ͵͵ȥ˶٣ʱҲԸ壬ѩСǸոճñǺչˡ

Ȼ總ôͲңҧ

ҲͷĬһͻȻһڳҲ֪ӣԽ׽ʲôˣƢȴԽ˵㣬㲻ȥѰ˵ҪȶɽźǱħԱƵܲˡܻȫħƣԽۣħԽãԽܣôȥˡ

˵˵ţҲ˿ǻλƮ꣬ûںòѰ˸ӣȴعҶ࡭

̾˿عῴġ

ģŮ̧ͷ

ȥ¶ĿͷعɽоܽʱѩԻδϣعῴûж֮֡ԺȥѰضͬһֻټһˡ

ұˡȥض±㸸֪ڰϽ˰׽˻£Ҳ˴֪ġǱҲȫûѶˡ

عڣض㲻ˣֻô˵

￴ƣ˳ߵſڣͻȻס

ʲô

ȥضľ꣬ǡ벻ôźãڵ֪ô

۾ˣþòϸϸ˵ǺӡСͺôʧضģҲ˵žԼܳ󣬺ֵܽҲ֡׽ģֻôȥض£֪֪ʲôϵҲ⡭

ֱ׳ü˺þãӰʧҲû

һ£µˡһ±ȥԸ˵ûع˵ˡ˼ƭ͵͵ʹȥҹȥסıԺȻܾûסӡ

³ҶԺ

̾һҪתȥһߵȥסķǰһָڵϡ

Ŷ룬һ룬˻ҳ

Ͽȥϻż̺飬ѹŵģһֽǺ֡
ŷţȥֲԼͰ־ǺӱԼʱȫһŲҳ

ǵ֣ǺнʱƷˡЦЦ⺢ӣ治顣飬Ҳˡ

˵ţԼҪ޳æһţҴ뿪˱Ժ




51

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˵Ĵ꣬ûҲ

ƽԽԽƢȴҲԽԽҶҲմӽʱҲһûʲôңֻǲȵġ

㿴ӣüҶһ㳤ҲûУôҲѼҵ˽ǧ꣬ȴڸ˭

һɫһ䣬̧ҪѼϵİڵϣȴǰ׻ÿɰϴοʱҲݻ꣬ȫǺϲá뵽ַȥ

ӴˣҲҷƢֻһЩϣһ춯Ӵ𣬱ȥţǲ

˯š

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ʮպԼִڹȥȴʧࡣΪΣϣǱˮˮˣǱˮףֻ³飬ˮȡ¾飬̣ͨƽˮϣԼǧȵġ

ɽþԼǣȫȣҪǱˮ﷭²źá

룬Ҹ룬һޣľ

ͥĴͶ˵ûعͼصѶңںº󣬾ܴ˴ǹˣһߣܿ϶Ҳǲڵˡ

˵Ǹȥˡô˵ǵܴ˲˵

ˡǻšš

ֻҪǺӻţʲôá
ڹǳսĶΣȴҲˣͷҲˣЩţɲ֪ΪʲôȴôʹˣҲˣȥҲزˣͷҲûʲôץţȫʱĳȥˡ

ܴ˲˵ҰԼѰȥ

ûʲôʹҲԼкööһǧû޿κε£кܶ࣬սҲˣʲôģ

ҰοļǸеһѣ

ֹ˰꣬жˣδѹվ˺ļ

ûأֻ͵͵ǱȥȴӿտҲһģں巿ҹ˴ɨˣûнľ嵽λǰϸϸûҵ֡

صķһڴϣһס죬͵ˡ

ﰡ

ӣô

һʵ̧ͷվǰ

˵ҴڣصǱȥôҪüܻôӲ֪

æǰЩʱԶţջԡһʱûԹˡ

ԶˣҲûأá

Ҳ˳·ӽС

Ķӣɳ˺ţѹ

ꣿҪꣿ֮ҪԼԼҲûطȥѰġ

㬻صУˡѰ˸¸ٲˣȥ

֪ûоܾɣձȥΡȥҲڶͬص󽫣Զİ

ӺУں洦Ѳӣ׷ħ֣ҲûʲôѵġڶþˣҲͥ£Ӻŵúܣʮֺദ˵֮ĻɽɼأҲѰͷȥ

ôֹ꣬˵عͼûͥ˽ִҸӵϢҲһ񡣼ӣţҲöʮˡ

һգź淢ҲˣͲϻɽô

̧ͷۣɽϳϼΧƣȷʵʮƯԼҲֲ֣Ӳ룬˵ǲǹܵĵطҲʲôÿ

⻪ɽǵعԴ˻ĵط

ҲضƵòɢĵط

ÿڣֻúһɽ

ɣ֮ͻȻ˵˵ǰ꣬Դ˵İ֣һӵɽȥ

󾪣ô˵

ûҡʱײ˸ţҲ֪ʶԲסʹҴæɽȥˡҲǰЩ˵ڴ£ġ

Ҳȥֱɽ

ɽʮվɽǰ֣ͯŪ Цáҵûʱסûй

Ҳ˵ûӭȥֻɽŴѰԴ˼ҵСӰգǰˣ˵ǻȥס

һתߣֻŻŻлҲ֣Ц֣ӿȥգ

ųض˼٣ȥ

һ·ϣʲôҲ룬ֱںǰʱ޷ֱġ

µʱʧ̬߽ţȻΣͼǰһμһж룬ڵſڣƽ顣
ʱһ֣Զ

壡

һоֹͣ

Ǽͬʱ𣺡ô죡̶ӻںأ

ȻȥףϤȴˬʵİ

˼ƥͷԼԱ߼۶һü

ͻȻͣ

壬ôˣ

ѭ̧ͷȥֻǼƥתͷס׷ͣԭءΪϣŻݳȺ꣬ɲǺ壿

ѱɴˣ

һʱ۾˵

ԭġ壬ʶԱߵʡ

忴˼һȿ˿ڣһּݵ˵ô




52

ʮ

ʵ̫İһ£Խӣû˵ݺЩپ£ȴ

ϣӸµصȴش𡣼ûͷӶ

ƺľ̬ߵǰ

Լһ߰һڣٸн

ҵİգʣ⻰ڼ˵䵭Ҳ̸룬ֻûдǰǣһʧ䡣

þԡ

þͷƽظһ顣

⡭

ȼͣѳһƯ֣⣬˵תͷȥ

뿪ǣͬлؼң;ȴһԲ

˼ſڣŸˣ

æӭ˳ϲЩ겻ʲôִˣ

þ˳ġһԲ˵

ˣһ졣

װûĻŰѼӭ˽ǰſղЩ꣬Բ衣˼˼Ҳһ㶡

ڽʱд֡˵

ˣæվ

ҶºǸƯЦ壬ԭ㻹飬ôû

ЦЦ˵ʲô

ظ߼Щǳ˵ӵܣǰ󣬱ͬһ⣬մһ̶ӣȽһ

ˡһ˵Ҳ˵ЦõǷԣ󶮣ֻú岢ҲôԣЩȴΪģֻҪһ㶼

ԭӺʹǰͬ˲٣ƢҲúܶ࣬ЩʮִҲúܡؿź˵ԭʦǵ̵ú

ŵӦţҲ壬ĿԣһæƿĿ⡣

һЩ꿪ʼرԷϣȿֺغ˵ļţ˵ǵĿ߱ǣŮΰוͷƻƽĲһˡ

غЦţʺ壺ôƯ

ͷԷʻ̧ͷؿ˼һۣƯ

ƯһˣЦʶŮ˵ĺã

ЦҲʶŮ˵ĺãѵʶĺã

ѵ˵ЦԱһ壬ֱȾƣֵúòˣԸܣ²졣

һȺ˹˲;ƣҪȥᣬʼҪҪһȥлˣر㰲ȥʱסϢ

ЩԶˣرصԼƵƴ壬һĵúֲȥҺ壬ֻݶʱ䡣Զӳĵطظ꣬廹ʮ꣬ԼбʱΧǰúܡˣҲԸѰȥˡţĵһį

˼ţҲ֪˶ʱ;ĵˡͻȻԺﴫһȥǺ塣

㻹ǻȥգǺֲԶ

ôСģ˯һôˣ

̽ͬƯȥҪţһѺ尴ϡ

ʲôѹʣǴʱҹ˾˵ʲô

ʶҵĺãЦ

塰ߡЦһ򲻹ҵġſ

֪Ҵ򲻹㡣һ§סصشҺˣϴá

ϴģסְգ

Ѱ˼ˣ㲻ϲŮˣҲϲŮˣǱ棬һΣǺܺãĺʣǻԡ

һƿ֪ˣ롣Ȼȥ

ǽ춼ˣҶ

첻С˸ǷȻȴݷҲ롣Լȥա

忴Ӱͷʧִſϵת׼ţʲôƵأ̧ۿ˿ӡվһߵǷǰ̧ţַˡ

ͷúһ̧ȥվݶϡ

ô˻˯ô

ǺʲôҲûѼûոȣֻþȴŭɶݶ˵˯ˡߣȴһѹ˷š

ʲôҧʡ

Ϊʲôﲻ еƣıȫûںڰ

ûһ̾һġ

ţ˴ߣо߽Ĳʼ

ߵߣԣתͷ˵˵·ңҲġ

ֻһ⻰ͷԱʧȥʶٲԸ룬ҲԸʣ˿ʼһһµǣǸݺݰѺѹ˴ϡ





53

ʮ

һսһ¾Ͳˡȥоĺܼ٣ΪԸ⣬ߣ߰գ

ˣҲԲؿʼղѵЬӡ

ûĻҪߣѹһߡ

崩Ьӣԥµߵűߣһɫ뻧ӳüһΡعһϣְһƬ粻ˡ

ֻȫֽҲʹҳһƬھҪ̫ģҲܶ룬ڻȥδ̫ʧҪûһشǸвźãʱҲ˵·

ˣǶãзһʣݳͤ·,ȥ,¥ͷ,ꡭ
ȥȥȥȥȥԽ룬Խ͸
ͻȻһˣǺ塣

ŸղŵƣԼһһ£Ȼ첽վǰɷ˵޷дڴڵش״

̾˿ͯɲٵǰֻߡ룬ǲ׼Ҳߣô˵ġ

ûУҧ˵ſ壬ڴϣסӿ۾߲ߣҴ֪

ȻˣҪˡĵ˵ȴڴ

ԣһ֪ʱԼһǱȴҲ˲ôˡ

Һˣûʲôġ

ͻȻڣѼһ۾壬ԷȴֻĿǰ

ȥ췽˳죬һƺŷҶϲŮˣôһΡ
˵ƽȴʮ̶ִ´޺޵˵ЩǹҪôղźЩҪô

ûֻһ˵ʲôʱ򡭡˶٣ֵʲôʱ㣿ʲôʱˣ

סԳЦһҴǰһֱһѹܰһæС£ǿ϶֪ġ

ʱ´飬ֻ͵Ͳ֪

ԭ֪ɵЦЦ˵ҸյɽӶģ˵ҵɽǰҹĹžҿʱ壬ײű˻ԼֻһͷҪˣ᲻Ϊѹǡ֪Ѿأ

øγϣס첻Լ޳

ʵҲûôԿࡣȻǼ꣬ҵĻǶڻɽһɽʲôҲֻƾоճˡǶ뺣ܽһ꣬ҵͯӸңѲҹϷÿҵʱ룬ҲһûмϷһ룬ô֪أѾѽ



лҪ˵ûˡ




54

ʮ

ȻƽһƬڵȴʹƣȴΪζûϡ

֪ѾãȻףᳵ·صյȼҪ졣

ڵƹ£ԵеȷȻϣ۾ȴź塣ȴûƣֻԹ̨һţߵ£Цһʱգ˵ŻЩ

ſɫ飬ȥǺ̴һ˫Ŀȴǲƽ˾ģ

ź壬Щڻɽ֣öû˵Ǻ屻òڣ˵ÿˣôҲ䲻ǰǸȥ

ƽ˺仰ﾹһ˿ŭ⣬ȴ

һһۼְĿƿ

㿴ûߣȴ˼ֲݷ˵Ŀ

ĿŲ鲻Ը϶ͣһֺܿ˸ȥˡ

̾һվǰû˵ʲô۾˲󣬴ߵǰŵͷȥе̧֣ϤζǳЮӦ°͵ر̧Щ㱻ȶ˼ߡ

δ˵ͻȻ°ֱ̧˼֡

˵Ϊʲôùǣ

ʲʲôùǡʹȥץռôס򢣬˿

ҪɶҪùǲУ㵱Ҳ֪˵ͷЩ£ʲôҪ㣿

ҡҡĿֿʼ𴦡

˵ϾЩҪң

ҡӹء

ȥʲôʡ

ȥȥ

ʲôҲʼЩ֪֪ɽңҲܻҷ𣬻ģ

֪

䣬еָͷֻǰ漾µ˫ָ֣޳𪣬͹ȥûʲôֱ

ΪʲôѰͷ

һԡ

Ϊʲô㣬ûô

̧ͷΪ㣬Ϊ㣬Բò㣡ͬһͬһҲʲôʱҪңͷһ㣬ѹɽԸͬһôܲȥһ棬Ȼҷɢɾá

û˵꣬žһϾͺݺݰһ⣬һζ۵þҪվ𣬾ͱڴϣδϾ͸еһ⣬Ǽ˫֡һżÿµײ˵ҪɱңαôѾ

ʱͷң˫Ŀͨ죬Ҫ㾹Ҿͳȫ㡭

ˣЦָԽԽ˵Ǳˣ֮ǰš룬ͳͳҪһˣͷȴҪһȴΪʲôúˡ

ֽ屾ܵϼԽԽˣɴ˺ʧȥʶǰģʣǸղǸëͷСӣͬʲô

һƬڣֻô˯ȥԶҪ

ͻȻһ´ʹʹ΢΢۾ǰֲָΪǻþʹһ£ҪȫҪгˡ

ʶҧҲȫ޷

ҧڣסǣʮֱִûС̫ãĿҲûУҪιȥ

ȡȡܵضżÿʵĿԷȴ͵ѹǿཻոƵ˿ڣֱ˺ѵÿʼðѪȴܿ챻ȥˡ

ţ·ݺ˺ĳֱҧ˼ڣ۵ʶˣȴûָָֻض¶ѡ

ùˡ쳣ͳ⴩ȥһ۵İգ

Ȼ۵ġʱԼǹ꣬ùһʹǰһڣҲ֪˼죬תѾɽˡ

ڣҲû򼾳˵ˡ

شֻ˳ǣͬ籩һϡһ˲䣬ġ㱻

ѱ̧̼Ȼʵɼ廹Ǽ̳ңϸݣҪ§ɵúܡ

ˣ𶯡Ȼһأ㲻ʲôһ˵һһѳĿӣסѿʼ͵ 塣ֻʮֱ屻ôһ̼ͷȷͣѪȫҲЩҪȥץ֣ȴǷ ԽԽߵˮҪˣҪ

ȻȥôΪ˻ɽ꣬˼ɣ̸ͬʲôȥô㲻ǹȥǸȴ˭ǱģȴƺΪ ˻ƵúܣǸСӣգأأ

ҡûһط٣ܺú˵ѿʼ겻ȥ徭鲻࣬ܿ챻һ죬ҽУһȥͽ͵ȥֹһס첻ҽг

ŻŭʹĹ˵ϸԹ԰ѺĶһȥ£ûдùʹһ̡

ҲȻΣǾ£̫־壬ҪȴһסϴҪȴβͳúý̽㡭һӱ̧ߣδӦѱݺݹᴩ޴ʹԼĿһͷ£ʶģɼѿʼһס죬һץסļͷָҪǶ˽ȥ᲻ܿƵصȴ֪ϲûǱˣǴʹѡ

ϣȴǺתҹ̫ң˶ٻأҲǲԼû·ͬһڱ˫ĿգͷɢȴԽԵúÿֻԼϣҪԼǰһ㡣𼾳֣ƺ϶һЩ¶ȣɻЩһѼָŵ˱

Ÿоһͺ˫۶ϣ˶һ

ʱţڼôˣ

صȥ峣㼾˯Ҳδ룬ֻǽнаˡһУȴΪţ´žòãһʹű˫ȷˤʲô죬鼱֮зס»һǿŵ֪ˣȥա

˵꣬ͱ´һѱֱȥˡ




55

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˵ڼв֣һǰ

źãϱӣŹڴǰظٺۣʣô

Ĵۺ˼£ЦĹ˵

˵գѼ˵ֺ

ǱġЩָ꣬ټһ棬ųŵڣȻͬ˵ˣҡû˵ְַ꣬ŵϡ

ҿɲ˵ģɱңҲԸ

˵ֻ

ڻɽǵҿڶﲻ㣬ͯӸҽұòУͰй£ϸϸһ顣Ȼ󰡡

Ȼ󣿡üëȹ÷ᣬҲϴȥͬһš

Ȼұ룬ܻͻţһҲҪԭһҲҪ顣ԣҵʱҪҪȥҾ˵ȥˡ

ҾԼȴԸ⡭°ٸУʮֲζ

֪ˣ˰ÿһض飬ԾƴȫȴʲôҲòżָ²ؼ˵ȥԭʱҲнЩ崡ǰµĶƺ֮ʤɣȫȻ㡣Եãʮ꣬Ҳ¿տգܰˣɺֱʱ֮ϣʱȴƹȵף岻˺ѷΡǱ˵ð룬̫ѣִ׾֮ˣΪһ˽ǣٲͽš

ҴδǸͽš

ˣꡱһЦ˳ڻɽ룬ȥҲ㣬źҼ䡣㵹ں̸˵ɴˣôЦ˼ǺˣܶҰмӣȴΪţûţǡ

˵ʲôϲ㡣ûһ˿ͬʲô£ûʲôϵ

ԣһּ˵ұúúõģһ㣬ʲôˣֻã롭

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ʵ˵һңǰһΡʱѭȥģȴҷ ˲֪ҲңԺͰһĻ²˺ġЦû취ġ

㻹ģһѣ۵úһڣʱʲôҲûУĶˣͬСӳ˺£һ֮

̾ˣˡ

һ˼֣æסӵһ㣬ţĿӣˣһܡ

û˵꣬ס˺þãŷſʣ㻹ô

ҡ ЦãֻҲ֪ˡ

ԭøëӣתһ룬񲻸ңøЩǸյͷȴ־﷢£ôЩ꣬Ϊ˼㣬ߣȴôˣ֮ȴҪҵȥ

Ҳ¶ѣûʲôô

˵ţһţֱ磬У˵ҡҡλδӴҼ·ϣҪͷżԼӼ£ҧĺߣòӵһԿ÷Цʧȥɰ§סҪף:æôûͣģ

ͣˡϵ£ǧ궼ûôõģôϲúܣһô˼ӱסһ߰ϵȴһ֡

ʲôʱܴð

봩ûף



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ȡ˵ʲôȴæ緹꼫죬Ҳܻ䣬ɴش

첻ԼȥջĶô꿴Ҳһۣźʵ

ţ˯ͷˡͷҲ̧

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СӣҲͬƽϡ

꣬һȥջҲܾһţ겻˼ڳͷʣ˵˯һô

ǰ

ôͬ˯һ㶼ˣ꼱

ʮʹ߶ʮͷ弾һЦҲرһЦݡ

㣬˰˾ŷ֣ŭɶȴ¡˾˻ջ




56

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˻ջлӭԼҲţ˵壬ˣҪȥĻŸˣҪء

Сѽһ£תԼҰˣ⡭

ͷ㣬ȥգ

Ц߳ԲߵȰգȼ

岻ֻż˵ζ࣬Ҫϰ

ֵȥȥգ𵢸ˡ

˵תȥʱԼһۣһĪļ¶Щؾͷɽȥ

̾һͬƵԲ衣ǲǺò裬ȴ֮ȻȵζһϡˣȾƣ˼ҵطֻա

˵ϰȻϰ죬һȵȵͣ˳⳵Ҳ÷ˣ

ߵ⣬һеʵ˳ӣ𣿡

δϸŵһʱҲͬʱס

Ǻɡ࣬òȴ仯׾ϣһ˫һۻǻúܣϵЦôḡ

Ӵѽƺûǰô¼վԭûп

æӭүͬүȥ̻ˣҲ˰ա

ջգ

ԶԶԡ

׼ӹȻûӣҶˣõԵĹʲôԽֵĿ⣬ȥЩ

һ˲üڻζˡһ̧ͷǲ֣ɽϣôûҶ

ҡҡͷ

ɰѺˣͻȻȻҿģ㣬ƾұ

һʹװޱ顣

ֵͷһˮҧԣ߳ԱߵòŪʲô

ͷȴŹֱֱŲţҲ˵ЦҲ㣬ֻĲԸͬһͬǳСһȺùǧҪ÷磬Ҫ꣬ԸǧɽˮɹҲѶٷΪǡ

˵ʲô˶һվģɲǺ壿

Ҵ򲻹˵ԼôĻôͬһ飬˵ʲôãЩҡ˵ȥͬ˵ֲźõģ

ںúվЩϻȥ߽Ҫ

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ˣȥŭȥץץš

ϺһԼŵ˳ȥ




57

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ġ忴źıӰ̾˿

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ЦЩ£ֲԼԸ⡣

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ѿڶֻеϲ㣬˭

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һѷſ˺ӣ㬶Լҽһղšˡ񡣡 

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˱ݣϻǲôÿҲˡ

աҲһ˵ҲʹӦ

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ˣʺǲǵãǰЩȥٳʱƬɳĮʮֹŹ֣ûٳ£

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ų¥ʱֳסӣʣ£ǲҲûϷˣ

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ıã˰գȻʲôô

úݣһҧˣ˭˭ܺһӣαô

Цһˣˣ֣Լˣ˵գЦһߣ׷ϼͬǰС

һԭز磬ǰôûˣ֪иëԽòԽҪǸĸİա

ôΣ˵·˵˲֣ǱûͱҺãһߺߵر¥ݱ˵

ɵɵȻȰף˰һ飬ܾǰб˿ĺǡ

һˣˣ˺档

ʱʲôʼôˣҲûҡɽ£˽ûУ

̾˿ʵ˵Դˣһ꣬ˡ֪䲻ڲֻһжִ̫ţֳô⣬ٲض壬ʲôңнǾһЩûǵѶͥǱߣҲʲôұｫԴǹ٣ܴҲԸҡ

ԭûᰡü룬ûȫãɽǣҪȥ

һ˵

֣ǰ߱۾˵ңҵˣҲȥ㲻ȥ

˵ţͣǶԼ˵עȥһҪҡ

ͷǱˡЩ겻Ҳעˡ

̧Լ˵һжô



ֱϣ̶ӻûлزȥǴ˺üΣҲûһƥӰӡ˾ںҴʼˡ

ȥҰգһֱĬĺվϣӭôɵȣҲǰ취





58

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ͬȥȼ̬һ˵

ʵҪڣڰ֣ﾹвݷ˵ζֻðͲ죬ָָ˼ˣܹĵزг̡

Աţһü겻⺢ԼĿ࿴һƾԼ̿ɱѰọֺ̈̄αسǿζȻذÿ˰һ飬ǶȻȴԼȤվм᲻ĺ壬Ǽǰ񣬶ٿᡣ

һ뵽ȫƬϲ

ζźıӰͻȻعͷĿԣ񿴺һʱ˵ֹס΢΢徹Ȼһ죬תȥ

ɢȥ󣬰οأ巿ſڡ

ʰϸ΢O@סˡ

ղô˵ţȴҳ˷һؿãαطôۡ

˼񣬻ԼáҺȥҲҲȥˡ

ز˼أ

Ĭһ󣬵¹عҲֻ˲á

ѽ۾ǲҰ㣬ǲǣ

ҡ죬ȴ֪˵ʲôá

ǲǣʡ

̾˿ǡ

⺢ӡ˵ȴҲû˵

ҲǺӡ

֪밴Լķ£ңҲܲȥǻ˵

һ£׷ȥȥգ

Ҫţȴ˰ľõ죺ˣүҰүŵ

ʱҹЩ˻ƣȴʮͼڵȴ¶أŷӦæȥš

ǳͽеһţܵҲɫҰף˼ˮ˵ٳǶ⣬úߣ˭̶֪ߺڶ죬ٳǾͷ˵𣬵ضɽҡɳʯǸߴʯѳǸˡ

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ˣɲô˵ùϺõĲҶ˿ģԭܵüǮô˵ܾأ

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׵㵱Ȼ֪ж໶ϲԽһȴ§ԽҾ뱧㣬Ҳô

׵һҲˣô֪׵

ɸҵġһ֪ʧԣæһ䣬ģҲ߱ˡʵҸղž룬׵ô᲻ȥô

ҡ磬˵ȫӲ㵹˵ˣ

Ҳ˼һ˵ʲôغͼȴһʱٽͣôҲˣԣֹͣ˶

˻˰գȻƹŹ֣ҲʮֹģֻЦЦӦѣ˵û£Ҳûʲôǣˡ

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ҡ

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һ̾˿Ӽ߹ŲʼЩԥűܿԶˡ

뿪ԼȥҪϣȴ⣺ٳɽ£˷ʶɽйأҪȥȥգ

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ҡʹҡͷſǻ˵һ˵öԣ׵һܲ˽ȥѰġҡ浣ҡסؿ

ɵǿ֣ʹǰһ

̧°ͣǲĴ





59

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۾ӭӼĴμ䲻ҹç죬쳣ɺ廹ǽӵʮֱ׾ŪüģһһӦӲϾ

ȡڱͷ˿

ֻϣúöһ󣬲Ц

֪ˣ˵Ҫȴ֣Ӳ˶ͷŵúסϢϽץסĽëҪ滹Ÿղſʱմϵʪ⡣˫Ŀͼ⶯ˡ

ڽϣÿҹ˯ţ뵽˫۾鲻Խظ۽ǣȥˮÿģ

һ㶣ڿϷȣȴ֪ӦԣֻɵɵԼãô֪

ЦˣһִӺȥָһںŨܵͷֱֱ֣һץסǷ˿ָ©ָһĦźȵĲһ߶ţһȥ·æס֣˵ƽ컹Ҫȥģ͡

һ֣ʣҪ㣬㲻ϣ

ˣס֣˵Ȼǲϵģֻġ

δ˵꣬ѱƵڴͷϸϸ̶ְǿ·ļͷϣ޷Ƶ￪ʼЩ꣬ļͨȻ񣬺ȴѡ

ҴȥѰôһףһߺ첻˵

Լû꣬ѱҧһڣͷǿ弾ŭ˫ۡ

㲻Ұ㣬ǲǲʡ

ͬҹһ䣬ŵúһô

֪㲻뿿ҡұ֮ˣҪͬһٲҪ㣬㲻ôԸ˿㲻⣬ǣԴ
ֻҪͨ˱ˡѿڶ

˵ʲôֵסˡ

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ŷŵ£дʣ·к忴ֻ˫Ѿʧȡ֮Ǻʹǰһģһ ľ޴βڷڣۣںڰһһ

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δ䣬´űסβҲûס̧ͷڴأͷĿºͣûֹḧƬǧ꣬⻬Ӳԡһ󣬾ȥ

һֻһǣ΢ϸСĴȴһͣ᲻ýͣβϣһ뵽ɵشӵԭԲѣֻѵţ񡣼ԽñŤȴֲܣæȥȴֻץһͷֻˡ屻һץһæ̧ͷʣô

ҡҡͷץסأ۾徭²࣬ȴҲȥӿ죬ż 壬ֻβĩԻ˼£βֱֱƻѺĦţŵ˻ȥ

岢ȣӶʱǵβӵزλԲסһ㣬СһȥȴץźͷӲǰ˶ʹһſڼϣںڰ˫Ŀ΢ŵӣ˵ ˡȥǼŪӲƺõĬǣϲÿһ缡 ÿһƬƬ·ڼеٻ

ЩԥҪʲô

΢ţȴ˵ܵŤţҲͨ巢⣬һúڸѧżǰԼĶȥ׼죬ס֣ŵԼ䡣ŵֶһɫǰ𪡢һչǰûع㱻£ڡǰֵţҧż ⣬أз͵͵Ҳϸϸĺ飬ŵͬһҲӿˡ

£ղž͵Խ͵ܣõڼ䣬һ²Ĳ֡סȥգʱβְ̽ѻ찵صΧм䡣Ҳ֪Ǽ֣βĦ֮֮ΧҲʪճճġŽƵɿȥ

巢֣ѹڵϣľξⷬڡ

ƣȴԡţæ֧ȥ£·ɿ޷ʵˣַȥڻšһβ¶޳ȡѲ֪ȥ򣬾ڵ̺Ͻ§ţֱ


лҪ˵ûˣ䲻ͨĵط~




60

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˵峿ʱ֣컹δ˹ԼͼؽһЩ죬һ߳ܺܿȥֻ§˼壬ֲȥŪ  һ׽סŵLҲˣµõӣǲҪôƵڡ

ֻԼȥײƽϢ＾·ȴѰ

ʱ͸ֽһڵ̺ϴԼŷӦԼҲû·һȣʣ·أ۱İգ

ҡҡͷҴѰ·

һᣬҪ·˼ֻʣ·أ

㲻ҪͨôôܴɼҵĶԼ 壬Ż˼֣ļ͸ɵĺڷڼͷúپпݿ͡

㡭ȵȡȻץһˣ彫ȥһ㱧һ·ԭص

忴żԼ·Сʣ㲻Ҳûаգ

˼ͨƳ£ڼͷЦûУôģ

죬ܳȥݵǰ⡭µģҡû

˹ӴںǰϣƽռǷȥʲôһգ۵£ڿ뷲޶ظ£ϡ棬ȴ˼

ʲô·Ӻô֣ͣʡ

ЦЦǣ˷ˡ

ЦǶϲܱɷ˵ģƽղ÷㣬ҴŻܹܹԼһ㣬ҲϸЩ·еס˴СȣҾżá

֪Ǩͣ¸жÿġ

Ū·ȴַҲŪͷ



СʱǹŮģһˡôҲòʲôʽһƨھǰŪӣȴ治֪Ӻֵģ

Ҳ̲סЦˣһӣͷڷҪߣѺһæȥֹˡ

ҲھǰܺССĵ£ЩͷһһµᣬŪʹԼһץַŵףһ£õͷȫ

ȥҵʲôžĺ壬Цʵ

ҡһڣü㶣ְ֣ͷ

һ󵨣ŪüϲĪԻϲղƳۣ˵һᣬһʵʵŪ

˼ͷͷˣʣô

ͷ˿ʮ⣬ȴкͷҲδᣬ·Ҳδãʣأ

ҵϴ衣

ԼֲԾӣ뵽ûܺͺʪʪ§һ飬ղѡʱЩֻˮ뷿̤ľͰһĵǰҸ֧ףæһҪȥӺȵϰգ

ҲǣֻһԵȴһʰֻתͷٿ

ϴһһ䣺ǰûӣ

аϴξˮŮҰͷҲֻӶѡŴ͸⣬ʲôʱڴ

һ𣬺Ĭˣ֪ʧԣæһ䣺ҹȥ⣬ٲЩӦǰˡ㲻Ҫ̫⡣

ˣʪܵشľͰ߳˿³زӣˣȴ֪ͼǰ󱳺ӣԼѾǽԺˡ

˼ڤ֮ʣֻһ䣺ʲôΪʲôҪͷ



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δ˵꣬ץסǣ˵ʲôɵǧһ㣬úʮ꣬ʲôƯŮˣֻϵһ˵ҪͬһģҲֻһǰͬһɽۣ֮ҲĸԸ

⵱ݱ֮ʣӶ˵һˡн緹Ȼһֻɿ˴ˣӭ˳ȥ

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60

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һֻﰵвãû꣬徫ʲô£ֻѱˣҪַǰѼȥɡ

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תͷԷȻһ˼ӣ룬סֻɫµ֣һҪȥӴҡҡͷҶû⿴˿չñ˿

ҵȻһֵָֻһ£һȥϲŻ

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Цһھƣֵ֪˵ʲô˼ĸΡ

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㸸ûҪ˼롣

ԴҲͶ̥ˣ˭ǣضôСҲһ

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о£߰ģ

һգһꡣΣҵúܣ˲ҲеġϾϣʲôã

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ٹͺˡ˵

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Ȼģ֮ǰҪú飡

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˵򵥣ʵӵúܣصĸƺԶ֮꣬ؼصѪһ壬ʮ⡣ƼѪͳ߹󣬲ͨڣҲ һˣ뱾ͨ飬ǷܳõĴɣʱƺҲЩ΢ͷۣǾİ˼·һ롪

ܲŮӣ۵úܰ

⺢Ӿ̸ۼ޵ļƣҿǱ֮

ŮеǣȢؿС˵ɽµĺöҪһֵܡ

ҲŲȢûɻճôһ˵Ǻã

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˸սһţͺͽײ˸

ʲôŮΪؿ

Ůһۣƿߵ᷿⣺

һţײ˽ȥűʣض׻ûУǣɽɻҲСһΪʲôң

սͥ䱸ɭϣ϶δô˹ڣ

һȻδںδ

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61

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󾪣ʣô

̾һ͵͵ɽִ̽죬ض洫ǣزȡءعٳٲɱ֣˸ض֮սʱ䣬Ҫɽ֮ѹع״ҲԾȥһ뱻档

һѹꣿضϹܳ

ȫ֮סضͷδضɽҡ淢ʲôҲ֪￴⣬ɺ沨裬ˣҲǺӣͬͬ壬ΪҪֵϣºú˵ض壬ܷţض棬㸸ҲӣϲԼƲ䡣һֻܿԼ컯ˡ

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üͷԳǣÿ䣬ҲʮֺķѡֻҵضħΪǽҵӣһҪʲô²źáǸعֻϵµضҲ֪

䵭ʱ۾Ҳ΢΢ˡ

˵µǸӿʣµģȴ

ҹܲˡڱ֮⡣ȥʱԶԶңҲԸҲףشŸˡ

һŻڵȻּҲ÷ҲƼԼ£ôż꣬ȫضҲԹҪƳӡعȫƾһƬĴΪħֻأΪ˻ͬһѹɽ£ôΪԼӣȨ˼Ӧˣ

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ҪԼ߰ա忴һۣҡҡλҪȥһ֪Ǻá

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૵㲻Ҫȥɽô

һȻһۣץס˼֣һɾøҸҪȥȥա

֪ԭǲԼ𣬲ųٳٲ飬Ҳ˼֣ŵͷ˵ҵúܡȥҲ֪ȲȵضҲ֪ôýֻٳǣ˰գиµضҸ֪ô졭
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£Ҳ㣬껪ʲôãңǿȣȥ

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лҪ˵ôŴˡ




63

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ڶһ磬ȥغͽԼҪͬԶšȥȥˣĸҲֻܲȥ

ճţҪȥٳǣ˵ʲôҲҪš

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Ҳǣȥջſڰһг˵ȥٳһˡ

һɫӣһ󣬲üԺ˵˵ϴβ

ЦЦһء

β˰գһ

ᡣ

һżµûмҲҪٳֵطºһ󲻸ʣ˵׵֪ˣȥա

幰ֵǣͼת뿪һפԭأֱ˱ӰʧȺУۻصڡ

˳ţʹһ磬졣쵽ٳʱصһ㿴ƬɳĮǲûǰŹˣ

Ҳſ˿ɳ»ƶر֮Ժ˵ϴһ˵գԼԾɳϣϸϸɳץһѣֿɳӴַ们䡣

룬ϴκͺɳУɳȻڰȴûмӺ˼ʱֻǷԼʲ룬˵ͬΪ壬Ҳδܡ

ĺУԲ֮ʬΪɽϾأܲƬԹȻ֡Ů䱣ٳһƽҪ˼ͬ壬ʶɳĮܲʡˣᣬԹƾȻ֡һƺ˵ͨˡ

ϴγ˿ͷóȻ£ֻ룬ȴԸʸסصϣֱٳǡ

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磬վˣ աڴͷǰЩΪš

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Ϊ˱ƼػǣŪóݻٴ룬ֺγ踧̾ǣҲûа취ѵҪԼ˴Ӵ˾޶ô

ҵûúÿסضǲɢҪȡǻһҶ𡭡

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Ȼֹ̧ͷȥɫֽϷָԼҲڷæһȥס˳

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ſ࣬˵ֻǹԼޡվһߣ޵˺ѷΣҲܡ

֣Ե˷ˣҲɶԺҧ˵˵Ƿֱ˵ġ

Ҿ岻Ҫ忴裬һʱҲ벻⣬߳⣬Ͽȥи¥ڱΣһ𣬸¥ʮ֮˾ţÿԿɽһǣߴƣ״

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˵Ҫôν˵ɵ˼ôܲµģ

ҡҡͷرϲңҲܺ˵ҺʮɽǴΣңʱܾԼʲôʲôԶ᷸ʵ

ʵʲô

û˵۾ɽͷֻ룬ʵֻҪ룬ҲȥƴҲҪһԡ

ֱˣǵм񡣡ЦЦ͵

ʱͬʳԺ߰գɽȥ

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64

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˵಻٣ˣ˵ڡֻǽձȲڣ޴ı˸ʵʵ

߽һŮ˶һڱϵİˣɲ꼾أɽǱĿ˿۾ֻ˸񣺡硣

Ƕʮͷȴģ㣬ĵһҲ˵عǡ

ţҲڵ

겻˵ǵüһʹֻིҴҵ˵ͷ¿裺ãܷܲȥһ

費ֻ˿꣬걳ȥֻѰңԼǲȥġ

ܣæ裺ã㲻ΪѰգ

ǱƵһΣҲЩĻˡҴҲһǲǺľȥħδҲߡ

˵գһ䣬Ǳô仯ȴһһӣ˵ȥ칬ĵҩв⣬˵ɱݡۼɵִ֣˺꣬ڱѰ˸϶ʹɷ˾ûв

һ߿ţ̾˿ʲôֻԼҲðѼһ档

˵żڱбֱ׹谭֪壬ԾùգӲǳһ亹ÿɫҲ֪϶ɫס

Ȼ͸չȴֱﵽףܿ죬ΧԽԽ׼ɫĹ⣬˶پһĺ

벻Ǳᣬ½ˮҲסˡ䵽ʵأǵڣʯȴˮЩǲӰǷڵĻأûʲôЧˡ

ĺֻͷͷڣȥ벻Ҳлصһ죬ꡣ

붴ڱۣȴദЩطͨˣûʲô򣬱㵽˵ǰصĵط

ǰ䲻ϣһһ޴̾ڶڣ˺üȦϹ棬ֻδ

ǱƵģعǽȴû˵

ãͷʣڻڣҾ֪㲻ῴ

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˵಻٣ˣ˵ڡֻǽձȲڣ޴ı˸ʵʵ

߽һŮ˶һڱϵİˣɲ꼾أɽǱĿ˿۾ֻ˸񣺡硣

Ƕʮͷȴģ㣬ĵһҲ˵عǡ

ţҲڵ

겻˵ǵüһʹֻིҴҵ˵ͷ¿裺ãܷܲȥһ

費ֻ˿꣬걳ȥֻѰңԼǲȥġ

ܣæ裺ã㲻ΪѰգ

ǱƵһΣҲЩĻˡҴҲһǲǺľȥħδҲߡ

˵գһ䣬Ǳô仯ȴһһӣ˵ȥ칬ĵҩв⣬˵ɱݡۼɵִ֣˺꣬ڱѰ˸϶ʹɷ˾ûв

һ߿ţ̾˿ʲôֻԼҲðѼһ档

˵żڱбֱ׹谭֪壬ԾùգӲǳһ亹ÿɫҲ֪϶ɫס

Ȼ͸չȴֱﵽףܿ죬ΧԽԽ׼ɫĹ⣬˶پһĺ

벻Ǳᣬ½ˮҲסˡ䵽ʵأǵڣʯȴˮЩǲӰǷڵĻأûʲôЧˡ

ĺֻͷͷڣȥ벻Ҳлصһ죬ꡣ

붴ڱۣȴദЩطͨˣûʲô򣬱㵽˵ǰصĵط

ǰ䲻ϣһһ޴̾ڶڣ˺üȦϹ棬ֻδ

ǱƵģعǽȴû˵

ãͷʣڻڣҾ֪㲻ῴ

عĻַ̧ϣۣҪҲܺúȥһħ

ִЩʣٸнֻǴͥҲù㡣

ֲңҪģܹ˵ǲǣعһ˫ЦĿת塣

߹ȥ塱ʮֿС

عἾֻԺ˵㿴㼾˼ҹĵܵܣ֮ƾ֮ǣϢʮ꣬һѣɽһĿ֮£ɽ֮ϹǣӲǻ˸ǰҪǿӡǣҪأûǣٳǧٻ˵ʱ쳯ʮ򾫱Ҳǲǽ˺֮ǣ

ͷϽۣҲ֪عĻûУ֮нڣ͸ղ졣

ɨһۣʲôʣҵİأ

عҡҡͷ

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عòɫЩζ֪ʵøʡǲ֮УܶһּǹңҲֵЩܾһʲôȴʲô

תڰذļһۣǰ̽ԽعС壬üΣ

꣬һ㡣

࣬־㣬Ѷϣ˴ʧˡҹȥĪȻ£ҴԶ߸߷ɣ´һƬأӣַңҺγǺ޵ɽۣ֮ҶҲֻԸͬһ壬ˬˣ֪ܺȴֵز˵ʲô

ʲôع˫۾ȸЩ

ûеô˵ġôԼ֪ô

عԣߵһЦߵ״ͭ˫в޶ֱֻ

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˵գְף壬˺󣡼أסճΣ

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ҲУعݺģעڣǿճΣһ꣬ɫԳĳ죬ϢȣôҲعǰ

عۣԪʼ


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֪÷ͣûأҲƵ϶֮عԪ˵ܳɹжħɱƶѹʮգ֮ȷ˹ʱ˵İȫһʧ

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ĿͶֻޱߵĺڰ

ð⣬ȥаЩ

ţñһȣ֪Ǻ壬ŷĵϿ˿

ʲôԸ𣿡

ڴǻص棬ʲô㣬˳һͷͺá

֪ˣͷһֵĵ

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ʲô Ȼûж˶ڣŻһаٰǷϡ

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ҪҾͺá

ŶҲ˪裬漴μ

ĿתԱߵĺ꣬һ𼾳Ը𴦡

ٳٲͷתͷһ߿ļغݺݵع棬㲻ôô

ع£סңüƳһۣһ߱Ŀ

һԼڵ磬ʲôʱſϳң

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ղŻУȴ˻ľ棬岻ⰵһѺ

ƼǣҲϢƼҵ䣬ҲǲܡǱڱ¶˰գ

һ˵ţ۹ɨɨȥͺһۣӭĿ⡣Ŀȱ裬ԲסҲףסи鷳

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ȻдҲ˵Щ˻Լصӣҷǲỹǵġ

ãܰѹɽ£Ҳǳ֮ư

˵ҺĲ𣿡躮һЦɣڱϣ·ǳǼأֺĵ㲻ңҲû취һԣΣ

󾪣ʱܾˣ䣬˹֮ʣֻЩ΢ﵽ£ҲԹƻʲôӰ졣

鼱֮£תͷֻۣ꣬Ҳ߿ĿӣʱΣĿڵʽ΢ҲúãӲдѣŪǰ㺮ģʲô˼ᣬЩʣµŮȢ䣬ѪҺ

㣡豻˵ʹɫס

ѵԭʱҲտҲҪ֪֮ΪɱݣĵزҲĺֲҪһԭŵĴʯеǰչѩϷĹâȫҫĿֻƣЦݣȴ͸һɺоʱط緶Ƶ˼

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һ˵ô໰˲ϹĿ࿴ֻҪס裬æã˵³çҲ޵֪ǷͬСɣضһһм㡭Ȼٺú룿





65

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Ů⻰ǰļΪعһǿȡҲڻ£ҪдʣͼǰǸһӡôعǶ֪Ϊǰ˵ɲһ㣡

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ãҪټȴо㲻ԣһϹɱϣŵһݡһ һϹ̫ɽȺħŷʱ۷̥ţء趼ԣŲõѶϢ

عڻɽһۣʱҲƱգȺħ裬ʮع΢һߵֵһԼΰʱѩͬﾫȥ٣Ī⡣

ֻʶ㣬ʱɱʶң

Լʱ˵

ʶòʶãҲعңҲʣʱ˶δƽϣ뵽׻һ졣Լڴƴûʲôֻ»ɣҲһ档

أԳ񣬿ͼֻ۾Լ³ç֣ȷ飬ԼѾ־ܣǰصĺݾǰ޶ˣ˵Լ֮ݡ

Ůô˵ˣʼ

ضħƳһЩ˲ԭȾüǵľ֣ҪԸһߣȨ⡣˵꣬Ů˵ãȻסҪ

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ȥֻɢȥƻ㼯Ʈ䣬վһȺˣδڿͣ£ݡ

ֽͣƲҲЩɿ˫֣һ߳վǰŲͬˣǳ鱦忴ݣֻüĿУΪˣȴɽŮûб飬üëҲУתಿֻʯͷһ

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ʱֺһ࣬Ǽǲӹ̣رع

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Ӣţʲôã˵ʱҲ޶ա

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ˣܾܵܵ嶨ỹ

νǿʳǿǿǿ˥زãһ챻ߡƽտల£һƾЩֻʲô˼ɣ

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ǿδءǱʬȷڵȴʱδƣǧһ֮ٳ֣лʤա䲻Ի˱󣬿ڶ⣬ʱҲס ˡ˵ţغϹͺͬʱһԾϣź˸һɵĴʯϣֻ¡һͷٿղŲ֮ѱйѩû

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һ浣ļһǰ˵أɽûҶ룬ȴԾúҲֱֹͣʯѨžҵûˣһʹֱߺߣֻе٣þòܻæתӸ£ϵս

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ѩĿȴ֣ްֱ⣬ȴ˼ᣬʱԼ룬˻ɽλںģһɽĵޱߵ

߶Ŀ־壬߶Ŀ

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ˣʮ̶ִԶĿҲǣûô־ˡ˵

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ϽӵʹˣܲڷҸƣ

Щ˵ɽʬɲ⣬ҵ壬ҲôƵġοֲϤҵĹ͡

Ʊ壬ʲôҲСһ֧ѣŶش˼£˵ԣޣҵĵܴǾ͹ˡһȥϴúá

һ㲻ӴЩӿЩ뻹Ǹ֮ͽѩ֣һˣҪȥŶ

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׵˱ϣֻΧ˹Ⱥʬȴڷѩò硣СĿ˫ĿգҪ˵ֻŭʲôߣ

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˴ǵֻ»ѻ

ȻֻѰӣܿ㲻ˣôһվʱ䡣Ůٷŵǰ֪㣬ԼҲһͨҲɽӣŪȺʬ۴УɼһҪס㣬һҪ٣һĶãδŮղŰͲҶȴûȺʬǰ֮ʱסǣһȡᣬǾıסɽ塣

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ˣһ£ֳԭΣԭλҪͻΧȥ

غͼһ֪ҪԭλסɽͷǵķҲֵ˶ʱź޺عǺˣ

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ûֻ̬ص磬߰գ

ܣߣ׶༪١

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Ҳӿڵ磬ǸˡԸô˵ҾҲϲġ

Ҳ˵˵

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ʱЩʬʼغȣһ̤߳ÿǰһҪõضɽҡüסɽͷűסɽ

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Ⱥʬ̤ϱ㣬󣬼ֻӭͷȥɱˣѰӣԴӻڶг룬ڵϣȭͷõñ졣

ʬղŵ˴Ųǻ࣬ʵʮڣЩԿɼԭ˴磬еװ֪Ѱսʱ䵱ܣ֪

˵Щʬ䲻ȴڶ࣬ȫԺ㡣һƬУβһɨһʬÿɺü飬Щ黹ɵǰΪͶӲʯϻ䲻ûˣ˾˺󼸲סûסһɫĺ귢

ٿʬ棬תͷȥֻʬޣܺñϣӶǲŲæָӴʬǰ̡廹ҪٿϹ㣬ҫȥ̧ͷɽʬȺܴߣƴʢֱ㡣Ϲƺ⼤֣һ죬ƱֱֱײߵʬȺϣЩʬһϹ⣬һ̲̲ŧˮ

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һŵò˿ӣ˲ңҲ޷ѪĽղŻһƬããɽۣ֮ʱȫǵѪͺЩ΢ȣ࿴ȻѪΣһʱˢˢУֻ㳲Ϊ׵Լ衣

ЩĴһʬһȫ֮ײϣʬҲʮ˭ǰ棬ͺݺһӡһתۣмˡ

뼾ʬɽʬ𣬹ȻٻһЩȴһȴҲΪ𣬿á

˵ʬһ󣬾ֺΪķֻաŸƣʬһȥҪͬ꣬ǰ棡ʬ˫ĿԲ־ȥץۿצҪۣһ׹ӵض𣬴֮䴩Ӳǰʬ÷˸

ԭǱűľģȴоʬͣо档Ҷһֶ֪ʮ׷ΧʬĿϾӡЩһȺΪ׳ƬҲһΰֻչҫ£Ҳ

ʧɫˣЩľǣӴĮص

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磬ǡپͷʣȴǺ޵ʱֻҲӦ棬䵽

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ҡͷԲ֮˵˲ɽۣ֮ɵ£ȷķû䣬Ԧֻᱧȱɽղ˵Ⱥħӵѳɻˣ㲻Ҫһٴ

ˣֻͨ麮ֻС˵ߣֲ֧˶ãҵĻҸõطҪǰֻܺúûȥ

硪·⡣±ߺֻΧʬɫȴԽԽһԱߺ˺ѷΣ綼ǽ˿̹ĵȦͷβȥԿ

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͵תͷѰʲô˼źܳһ

ҲǣæǸǰѩֿʼ׷䣬һͷԾ뿪±ڡͬʱھ޴УҲ

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ڼϿ÷ʬϷ·ҲҵһЦٲɣѸٻȻٴγڣʮʱһϣݺݵײһɽϡ

ʶҵ֣صʮ㣬쳹ʡ

ضϲԭΣվϡ

ļأӸ߿з䵽Ǹǰʱ꣬üĿ仯ȥ˰֡

ضҪ˵ȴס磬ҽѵѵǻ˵

˵գһֱֱɽҪܵʬѴ֮˹ֱС

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ֵǣʬƺ֪ˣԹԾܣ۾һ

طſǰȥǺݺݾһţƾ㣡뺦ң

ʬߵõڵϣƯϻûб飬Ҫվ𣬼߼ţվߡ˷Σزͣ˵û˼۲֪޾һ߿տǣҲǣ

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ŶƳһۣ˵˵ӣôöĪ

ش𣬼ֺݺʬһţҲҲ촵

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سŵʬ㣡ҲҪЩСģҾҪ㴵ģʱЩʲôӣ

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Զʬͷ΢΢üͷֻк

ϣһһ߿ʬѩ׵û˿Ѫɫָ˵֪ҵˣҵģȻø㡣գңԹҵĻлᣬһ㣬òã

ʬɻеشɽƮڱѩֿʼѩڸʬ壬ҲڸѪʲôҲûһ㡣





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رɽһյøɾͷǳЦѩɽǧֵǱ룬ֻҾʶǣĺáұ϶δʱԪܾǴ㻹˸ɾǷһ

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ؿһۣҲЦǳʲôݣҿɻ𣬺οڿҲ

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عҡͷֻ㵽֮ڣܲܳɹ̫࣬ʱ֪ġ

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˵գ뼾˸Դﳤȥ

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лҪ˵˼̫ˣ͵ɡ




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֪ˣضܻʲôáҡʱľ֪ͣԣֻҡҡͷ

˲⶯ݣؿ֣ͨ˸ǲʱͷһǻ֮ɫҲö˵ֻˣҲʲôá˵ţһۣڼҲһϣʲô⣬
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ֻҪԷţҲߣͬǰһ

̸һֱɫȫزͼɽɽŲݵϣ뼾صһ壬תߡһι̲סͷȥղŻվŵıʬ뼾أѲӰ

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ôһץţûаţŵȥֻЦڻ

Ӳѹһ󣬺̧ͷʣԺǲǲˣ

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ô᣿ֶоҲʹϣҪѧģġȤɲֻǰÿ

忴ſɰʧЦȻÿɲģһ˫أ˶Ц

Ǹɾ͸ɵˣûգµͿˣֿ죬ڳǶ˴լӡӦһͺ󣬵̲Űصլӣȴ˼ĴѰңױ鷿ҵˣֻʼ飬к棬֪ˣһЦкȥ

߹ȥһѩɽ࣬˼ǹˮ֮УǱˮһʮ꣬ںӱߣЦûû

СҰգһȣָŻʡ

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ٿԱ߻˼С֣ȥ߿

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ʮ곾ߣһѩ塣
AΣ̹ʼ顣
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˵ԼԽˣȴЮסòС

˵˭ߵ

Ŀ˵Լֻī˵

Ҵȥ˵ţЯɳ⣬ܿӱһϡٵĺ̲ϣδع񣬼ѻΪˮУƬƬˮУҫĿȻϸȥһۡ

ںӱߵһȴ̽ӣʪܵβȴڽźˮ룬ſϣĨȥϵĲˮ۾βȴȻһڣֻһ̱һС˴ûʪ͸˶һӵסǡ

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