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001

׷Զ΢Це߳ȾѪڳ죬ѹģ͸
ʵĳǽֽһͱơ
صʬףϹľӣһ⡣ʺѪĿģ˳ı飬תΪмǰͻȻֵһ졣
ѪŨҡ
ң㾡Ϲӡ߾ӿ֮ϵˣһһ٣ϵϵˣһģһ

𣬰׷ڷ
˵ӵѪ
װĴ磬ҲֹϹľӣһҪ㡱䣬һ㣬߳ѽ˵ǰ
ֻҪܴ˵Ķ
㻹ʲôҵģɱ˸ɱĹˣ㻹ʲôǲġ
ɱˣҲںɱһһ𣬷ҳ£ܣͻȻڷƮ
ˡҵֳ׵ػţʧɫ׷ǰݡ
ɱۣ𣬽䣬顣
׵ػţգۣصһ
װ
ңˣҲϹ񡱡
ûⱲӶҪ¡𣬡Ҹıˣڲɱ㣬㵱һ죬һۿİգ㳶λ
ſЦƮİ׷׵
ֱ
ߣһ㣬þòܶ
þá


002

µĺ꣬үᣬҲͣЪˮ䲹ˮݡϹ£ˮϣտ಻ԡ
ˮѲ꣬С겻ϡ
غ̣񷿵Ϲ£Թصı°
ⳡòʱ򣬵ׯڣǡճʱڣЩʳͻѣغǵһڴ
ϹΪƹܷ꣬ϹǶٹҫϹͻ˳Ĺȡ
ط֣գհҵϣͻȻ֮䣬꣬һ£²ͣ
ǰƲκͣļ
ȥϹܿͻһƬ
䴫𣬷Զ룬Ϲŵ·겻˳ˮذա
ǵ񡪡
Զȥ
Ϲǡ
ʹֵ
ٹڵǰԴ˫磬üࡣµˮҲϵЦ
ʱգ󸣣ط԰ģԾˮ𡱡ڰϡ
󸣣԰ģˮ𡱡
ڴ󳼽Թ򣬳
ʾϵԽǰ֮
ΪΪȴԲܽʳѾȴأȥϹض
Ĺ֣ϹգƼ
߾Ϲ˫ŵϹһƬĳӡϹʵǷš
ݷԹ̩񰲣಻š

УðհģôֶΪء
׼࣬˾񲿣ʦ족
Ӣ

ûһǰݰͰ͵ķССһһ涼ûţױȥˣʱ׵Ҳֵȥ
ѡصı쵽ңССͯϱδɷʮһ꣬СʱΪջ˽ţж㣬¶ȢޣСŮؼҳзó˸ӵϱΪҿ֦ɢҶ
յңССӹò࣬гдڶ
֪þʮ꣬Ȳδ뿪˼䣬ʮһꡣ
ʱǹѸ˶ӣû˰ָ
еʹޣеķŭȫйССϡ
һڱһֱǴ
ճһͲ䡣
ɨǡùǡЩȫδŸȢġšڣʮˣȴССʮСһ
ʱĳԲ˯ãķӲıȱһء
ʱССòһһ£Ҳ˵ģǸɨǣȻĻôߵ˶ôĲҡ
΢΢һ·ſŬϴ꣬ˣöطûңסɽϣû͵
Ҳˡ
ҪɽֱſڲԶͿϴ·ˡ
꣬·ϴ·࣬ͬ·ϴŲּţǵ¸
ɨǣȥˣʲôʱ˻緹ǲ뷴ҶŲҰֱƵˮûĸεɨǡɤţɽ¶ˡ
ССһΪ䣬Ϊ¡
ãЩˡ
ӡˮԼͷ׷һԭСøСˡ
ԭǺڷδ๫ſʼûһӹȻʱʱ̿Сģ˯Ҳðȡ
ȻͻȻһ죬һԼͷڷȫѩһס
ǣͷ
ˡæʰҴĶССӣˮУûһգ۾ͿԳԶ
ССӣͣ٣ܻ
ˡ
Ⱳӣ⣬ֻɨǡ


003

ʵľűӲײƣʪܵıʿֱӴݣŵķҰ
㡪㣬ǡ
е룬Ӧأϡ࣬ɢһء
ӣԭѹٶҲֻϡһأжˡ
ССںδΪ׵ʿŷ
СС
ҧгݣһŤĽԭһжǸҪɨǴģֲãֲá緹һء
λүҪҷССʹȥЦʿԺССССӣ񵶶ղסˡ
ǰͷ緹ֻܿŶӣֽ٣мҿסзӿڶѾҸˡ
ٳԸһҲˡ
ǰҲûкõȥѾϰˡȥҲûʲôòϰߵġ
һͷ۵İۣҪʣʿǰֱӽССˡ
ιҪȥССµֱܹԣܹԣû£ôԱץأûзûз
û˻ش
ӭ꣬ˡ
˷ңδ֪δ
ССͲ֪׷ʲô飬ֻ֪ץһİĵططⱲӶܵ˵ĵط
µĴ꣬ﻹǺܸɾܴ󣬺ׯϡ
Щ˶һȺˣһܴ󣬴ԡϴøɸɾٻһ¡
£׷׵ۼˡ
ССӣڰɫҷɴȹԵøСĽСԭûʲôѪɫСôһţԲҰס
û˿Ըңʲôط
˴ӷӲ֮󣬾ûһ˸˵Щˣְһׯϵĵط
ׯϵģ˾úЩ¡
࣬׷ŮӴ
ǰʦͷǰһѩ׵ŮӣԤԣϹа׷Ů
ʦǷǴˣʵ
ʦƬ̣Ȼ󣬱ۣ֪ʲôð֮󣬲صĵͷţûǴˣҪȷǡССʵ근伸Σ
ʮʮ
ʮ
¶ǰŮӷǸʮѾͷοҲʮ꣬˵ʮ꣬Ҳǿӵķϡ
ССȫδޡ
˺ڣ
ˣ
ССһҧ´ЩЩ⡣ĶˡﶼѾˣҲûʲôˣŻڡҲΨһˡ
ţ
ֲˡ
СС޶ѰżˣϹʱô˵¶ʮ˲ŶףʮסУϹ׵Ǵˡ
ûˡʦȷϣЦۣص룬Ǻǵӣƽ
಻òš
ʦ׼ֻ֮£ʦȴʲôҲû˵⿴һֱ£ûвȡκηֹ
ڣ˻ܿࡣ
ʲô֣
СС
ӽϹİ׷Ůʱ̨̣족
ʲôʲô
Բ۶ž⣬ССԴȫӦԷ˵ʲô
ʲô׷Ůʲô죿
ϸʱˣһб֪ʦĪĵ
СССԴҲͿĴԴ
¶
ĽһСѾͷܳɣ

գʱ̨̣
ССһϮɴڸ̧ϣССӣеһϮ
䡪
Ϊʲôഩһ·ⱡ˿ɴһҲůϣʪ͸ˡ
ǲǾҪɼƷ磬Ȼ󡪡Ҫˣ
ʮ꣬ǰ˿ƲУãۿȵģޡȴվźöˣȻһ¡
Ŀ磬ղˮ֮࣬ҲԸ
ǡ
ǣͲ͹ʦ˵İ׷Ůİ׷ģǱ˵ģŪˣ죬үһģʱ򣬰յ͸
ƴСһš
ʦ˵ЩʲôЩʲôûио
ֻǴġ
ãȻĿǰһУԼ۵С


004

ʱʦ߶ʲôССѾһʲôҪֻǱǶһҲ
Ϲҷ˳հӡ
ʦ˵һ䣬µİգҲ˵һ䡣
ֱ˵ꡣ
꣬¡
ģһһΣڷϣͷû˹˵ô̧࣬ͷ죬ͣ
ٶŴء
ͷ꣬꣬ù̧ͷšģרע
ССᣬˮһѷֲ塣
껹£ǰ׷ŮֻһССĹŮһܵ࣬ƵĹŮˡ
Сֻߵˣ࣬ۡ

ûΪõףǸ
ûֻǸѰˣ֮񻰣ΣǰһУֻξС
ֻǾú䡪
䣬ֹϵ䣬ģҲ䡣
ͣˡ
ˣͣˣͣˡ
׷Ů׷Ů
ͻˣССƮԶ꣬Ŀŵ㵸ǣΪͻȻôˡ
ŮΪ㣬ϹٶȱʦĿСС岻СӽϹİ׷Ůʵ
ʵ
׽ŹʦĻģϸϸƷζš
ɣһҵģණȾһ㣬ϵʪ⣬ССϰˣˮģǡûΣϳûУ죬Ĳˡ
죬ʦ
ԣͣⳡµ꣬ϹİһƬ֮
ΪԼ
ֻǸѰ˰ˡ
µںʲôУԺ˻ȥϴԡֱһһûôׯϣȴڻԻ͵Ĵ֮С
࣬վˣ˶ģˢˢĿ
СС޴뼫ˣȴ֪˾Ӳֻܲñǣǰߡ
ǡ
ˣǸ߾λߣǸλӣʹ۵üҲ֪䴫š
ʦ࣬졪Щ鷢󣬼ϹľƺͲôֵˡ
ϵˣһССҲֻЩ̧ͷֱӡ
׷Ů򸣣򸣡
ߺ
ϵ½ףߵССǰ޳ָСɵ°ۣͣһţԵϹİ׷Ůӽ޵Ļʺ󡱡
ҲǡҲʲôŮܾˣССӣ˵أĴһ죬ɵססе
޳ָ۰׷һͷ׷õ֤죬֤֮޵Ļʺ󣬴顱
ԵĲκεķСֻýδڵԹ븹һͷ׷˵ġ

յʱ䣬Ϲʵ۴ϲ
ٹ죬ˮˣ׷ŮֳΪʺһ֮ϹѰ
԰γؽ
Ҹô죿ټ޹֮УֻССһˣסˡ
¶Ҳ޷Ѱ
ʺ󡪡
ǶôߵĵλһҲ޷ĵλôԣôռôҪλӡ
Իţˡ
ںںŵĶж״ȻһֱɨǣȻһûǣǵõ
޶Сûʲô䡣
ȴǵãҲΨһãļ䡣ӣģˣǸӰܸߴȴݣǱ˵Щʲô
У
һֱ֧ȥĶѲģûõûԸ⡣Ϊ˼ȣŻ岻֧뿪ġ
֪ﶼ᲻ǲò뿪
ԹҲںɨǡ
˵ãֻҪἰνġ
һξӨᣬڻϣõ·ϣǲᶯ³ˡ
㲻ġ
ССǲǺûãֻ֪ԹԵ˳ܣ֪ҪһʧԲԣԲŶţſУǸͲڵˣ˵ʲô
ϲ
ΪûпԽĶ
ʵ޸๫ģϧ̫ˡûͬ׾ˡ๫ʮһ꣬չʲô飬ϰ֣Ȼ࣬ȴˣˣ֪
ţжá
žͲеʹʹǴ̹ǵģ׶ĵģġ
ɻ鵱գٹڣصĻССѹÿҪ͸գûټϣɻ֮ǰϻҪ
ˮЪҪϴ飬ĺܶࡣ
ҡ
ǲڻǰģ˵᲻
ɡ
ľżƵģߣÿһأ죬棬еһг׵֮죬Ѿˡ
ͽ貨ǻʺľδҪסĵط
ŮΪлͷϳصķΣʺ󣬻ϻЩ뷿ʺ費ҪҲЩ
Щ
ССԼĶӣһ죬ûôԹĿ𣿡Сʡ
ǰ˵󸻴˼Ҽغö࣬һСķ˹棬кصĴš
οǴ󸻴֮ĻʹأҪһСķ˹棬˵ɱͷġ
ϡ
ǸѾˣϹľǸ߸ϵˡȻòʵһΣһʵΡ
ȻԡŮʧЦΪС࣬貨ǻʺľӴʺҪʲôܷԸ⹬ĹŮ̫඼ġ
Ȩ

ŮǣϵĶΪ˻Ϻͻʺ׼ģһߣҪϹͬʳõģһߣרΪʺ׼ġŮ֣ϵʳǷġ
СС˵ͷ
̲סֱӳ
Щ죬ʳ棬ֱһ㣬ζȫθζΣҪˮء
˷ʳԣǳŵܣҲҪʳﶼԹ⡣
˶ӣ죬ˡ
ȴǰӰҲûмš
֪ѵҹССˣȴ˯ӲԴŬŴۣŻϵĳٳٵ
ʺ󣬻ϿعˣūŻʺӭӡ
Ŷá
Ժ⣬Ƭ̣һӭŵƻ˹ۣе飬ϴҲǰһϲ
ҡ
ͷСС֪ǲԼۻ·𿴵һͷԼɫһķǻϡ
һԵĹŮҲΪ
ӭϡ
ˣ΢΢һһ˲۵Ĺ򣬲ϸƣĲע⡣
ϵıһĨЦ
Цĺܡ
ССȫ£ƤǣʲôҲ˵
ӭػϣ˶Ůȫ˳ȥڣֻ
ں£ССӣڴأһҲҶ
ôߣ
ҡͷҡš
Ҫߡ򣬱Ϩ
ϣУҪ㵽ġССŮٵĽû
Щڣ⡱


ǣŮǶĿɲôһ£Ů˵ϼעعйأ˵ûйزɷԲ
˵Υ棬ͨء
ԣŻ˵Сࡣ
ϡһССӣ˱ϣôǴ֮գŮٲ㣬鵱ޣЩʲô¶𣿡
Уˣǡǡ
ʲô
ûûʲô˵
޷ֱ˵޲ġᣬ˲Ծķɾޡ
ǡҾ˵ˡˣŮٽڻǰԳơҡǲϹص¶£Ѿ˲ôࡣҡ¡
£
ͳЦ˶ô¡
±£޻ġᣬᡪڵҹ˫Ź⡣

ĳĻ:
װǣĳڹֿˡ
һΣԲ֡мЩ粨żСС֣ССЦ
ǵü֧ŶƱԣࡪ
ơ
Ǻǡ
˵꣬£ף졣

005

Сӣһţüͷ΢΢˯У༫
С˶еˣһֱδߣֱգ΢еС˶䶯ƴСϣһ˫ݴ۶Ժ
˸ĺǷǰŴĿСӣסҹ߲㣬ССע⣬£Ҳ㣬ȴ΢΢⡣΢֮£ǰˣһ˫տӣ΢УɢŹĹ
Ĵ
֮ǰ֪ԭϵۣɫġֱûаһΣһĶϻϵˣ˫ۣһǺɫġ
ǡ
ǰˡ
㡪㣬˭
ҡ
ң
˭У֪÷˭Ҳ֪ʥȫףôҲܽзҡ㡪㣬㲻ǻϡ
ǡһĨЦ⣬ܴۣȷǻʣϹĻʣǱĻʡ
ҲȷзңǷףǷ׵ֵܡ
óƷһ硣ҲóƻŮһɩǲˡ
ǣ㲻ǡͷǰɫģһǰ۵ģһ˫ۣҪɱţҧ´ҧҲԾ㲻ǻϣ˭㵽˭ΪʲôΪʲôһŸһ
ƭ貨ĹŮŮ٣ö֮Ľ˶أǱýĻĶȥˡ
ҵȷǡ˶ߣɵİССҲ𾴵ĻϣװĴ磬Ƿ׵ĵܵܡ
ϵĵܵܣ
ԣԣ԰
޵ǻϣǷףǡǣΪʲôϵĻǷҡû˿⵽ôһ£
ͷû裬ӺʹûȾ
ǰӰڻΣģģ
ҡ
᲻ŵķһСС°ͱ㱻˺ݺݵסһ㶼ᣬһҲϧ

Ҫһ㡣
ȥ
ȥ
ûа
ܣĺȥ
ʹϰҪҲ޼¡ССɴһҲš޷ֻ˳ܡ
ģ
ͷ貨Ůٻ͹ŮӦȻϸǿõġ

ͳݶССգգۣЩ㲻ǰ״ֻѡ
˵
׿ҪѹǷŰ׷Ů̷ع
ţ࣬󽫾׼֮ڱſڽˡ
ǣ
ҲʧˣҲһ˿Ϣ
úù죬ССӣС¡֪иܵܽзҰ
Իʼҵ£ԣͻȻı䣬˴֣ҲԵʼǣκιϵ
ᡱ°͵֣ˣССʹʹðøˡ
ֲϲޡ
Сǲˣǡ£ֿˡѾѧ᲻ˡ
ǡ
ĺʹ㡪ô
ôۣͬһͷ׷һòףˣſҪ°ͣһͷ׷Ѿҵˣӽֻܸҡ

ǡҼ޵
Ǹ˭˯Ŵϡ

ֲԼѡġ
û÷ССöűʵʵȻ֮ͬһ㣬貨ʹڣϹû˷֡
ֻĸӣҶϹ
;УССЩ˽⡣зң׵ĵܵܣϹĻӡǰȷ˵ʮǰʱֻʮ꣬뿪Ϲ֪ιʣϱ
Ĳ
ÿһֻҪἰУͻգĺĺ⡣ôǿңôɵ
֪Ǹʾ

ĳ£ߵλΩǴӣģɲװġԷθһ˿١

Ҫô죿
Ѿ˱һȫȻİĹȡǣҲΪ׷Ů
뷴ûǸ
ǵǱʺΰ׷ƺ
ҴˣҲҪҵİ׷ŮֻһССĹŮûκεܣΪʲô
ૣૡ
һ·СС˵ˣȴûаԸ
ֻһֱ˵һֱ˵
Ǵ˴εϹȫΪͻȻðİ׷ŮϹǷĺ񣬱ǣͬշ磬׷ŮǱ˭õԷӼʱ򣬹ɸɰ


006

İ֮أİ֮˵Ǳʵ񹬣ǰ׷Ůдңþ񹬡
һֱ񹬣бʿɾס
аŮŮס
ˣͿȫֻһ㡣ССûа˿ܴ˴£ϵ˿ĹѰһգһ𷣡ʱ㽿С֪ܷܡ
ֻһжΪģһ̣ӭ𷣡

ӣʵϹʱûʲôѾûмǸˡһգϹأһֱڡ
Ǳʣ죬ȴ̤һ
һͬеЩˣҲʶ
ŮšܾܸɵĹŮʳϣһһáʳܾ£ȴ࣬٣Ϲʱôḻˡոպáһ˳Եñġ
СʳҲСôͶϰˡ
Ҫԣθȴݲ̫Ķ̫࣬һҲ˷ѵİѶʳȫ³˷ѣҶġ
ԣССѧˡ
ллԹԵǰӣԹԵĳŶǹŮվһûиˣ궫ССǹŮռϵĲи
СԷıſڣλʲôʱпգ
ŮкηԸ
һ桱
ū澻ὫŮҪתһʣҹϹƽţһ£Ͼ˼ŮѽŮκҪֱӷԸū澣ū澶סһ˿ӣŵù
СС˵ֱףǾ鷳ˣʣʲôʱ뿪ʲôʱԻؼңǸңʵһҲء
ֻǡ
ǸңûпԻȥĵط
ǸȥĵطϹĻʹǱĻʹĵġǸңС£Ƕһ٣ǰֻҪһͿֱӵԴ
ССʶϵСԴȻòôǺܰϧԼСҪúõıסԴ
ˣһȻСɻӦöġ
Ӧðɡ
ûͷء
ʲʲôŮһ㵱أвŸռõ飬һأϺõߣҲһءССۡ񡪡Ůū澸з֮Ůָ㣬ǧҪ뿪ȻȻʻɱйŮġ

ûв֮
𣿡
ū澲ҡ
ţҲ֪Ҫô˵һͷȻͷͦƯġȴûϰߡ
ū澲ҡ
ڷССЩ̣ǺðɣҴӦ㲻뿪ˣʲô¶ȥǵĻϺˡ
ллŮŮڣվ


007

ֹգСС֪ҲĻҲġ
ʹж֪⣬Щط֪סˣóס
ǰһѾʮա
ССԼЩʲôԴС
񡪡ŮҪʲô
һֱССǰźŵŮ٣£ʱĵĿССӣһҪ˴һܵģֱ塣
ףһССЦţ£ֻȥһƣģΪѵģƣҶдˣҪʲô¶ͰҺˡ
ţ
µɫ°ס
񡪡Ů
£ȰˣѾʮˣҴѾˣ㲻ܻϹҲ뿪ʹֻһƽգڻʹסߡݻܣѰ
ⱲӣȻ£ǣҲûʲô¡һֻһرݵ˰ˡ
ûȴҪԽ֮Ķǻ٣۸
£ֻµͷ޹ˡ
ŮԴȥʾһʣ¿Ů»֮ǰȴ񹬺¾ˡ߹侲СС߸ϵ¹ǰСС֪룬£òã
ŮӦʡǲ
ССΣȴҲ֪ôźãֻõͷǺðɣҵڣ˰ɡ
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ŮҪһߡ
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ϣ֪ǵѴɡ
鷳Ůˡһȥҹ޻ȥʲô
֮ǰǺιϵ
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008

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ڡǹġȴ̫Ҳ̫оУССܲڣȴ֪ԼûʸʲôΨӦӦӲ̫ԶңֻҪ÷ףֻǿһͷ׷ͨܣ뿪ʹˡ
ɲԣҪٻŮˣֱӻССͺãǻŮܻΪ㻽ŵʵǱ˶Ҫ󣬲֪᲻
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ѩ֮ɫ˷һ۹âһۡһͷ׷ȴ֪ͷ׷𺶵ӾЧ
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ķĿȻһУϢĿεСŮˣǰδ飬һ˫۶һᣬһᣬ̵ø߸ߵġ
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ǿֱСС꣬һͣעǲôġ
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ȴ֪ҵɫΪƼϸСĸ첲ˡ
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ԺһúóԷġжԣҲӡҡ
˵
ҲʮˣǲǡǲǿԻؼңС
ԵľܾӽļңҲûء
ô
ССͷССĵţǡǣﲻҵļңǻʹСС˿סġ
ʹΣʲôˣ˫ĿȾ𣬡ˣǰ׷ŮԻô
׷Ů˵СС̧ͷҪһ¡
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009

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ΪʲôҺĵ˵ΪĻССмĵСԴСģ÷ٴüͷ˵ϹʦѡǰСŮ˵ΪʵڿǴ˵еİ׷Ů
ˡ޳֣°ͣССѡСϵı飬˿޷ڲأ۶޴Ŀ
ʲô
СԴֲȫ벻
ҵ޹ԻССԾĵСԴȻţ㲻СѾͷˣϹ֮ʱѾ

ߡôһССһ죬һףȫȻ֪Ӧǰͻ״ΪΪһβǸ⣬Ȼ⣬ȥ͹ȥˣΪʲô
Ǳ֮ʣҪŮˣȺӡ
ֻǸ۵СŮѡ
ʡϰԵģֿʼˣǰҪŮ˵Ļ롪룬¿԰š񹬵Ůٲ룬һҵҺŮġ
סĶֵطסġڣֻߡ
Ի󣬲֪롣Ӧǰ˺ǡ
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ʲôԣţޣˢĴĿСͨĿҪССӲֻ֧ĴãǰСŮˣ۵һһεҪŪǡ
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ΪŮ¹ĵ
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010

ϴҲû˱ù˰ɣϱöôܻӭɨǣ˴˱Ϊˡɨǲôãߵ˶ˡ
ɰ׷ŮڣֱΪʲôûа׷Ůþ߱ҲҸʣΪΣǸûзİ׷Ů
ٰΣ˰죬ССǷˡ
ǰСʦǵĺܣ˵⣬Զԡ
Ϊʲô˵һ˫Ư۾ƲƲССɥ˵ǲΪǸСӾͲҪأ
š
ôң
ССҡͷҡ֣ҵǰ˵ССʦڻ˵
ˣڡֱĳưŮ˴
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һţʼδ£Щ̡ȴҳʦƢȻʻҪϲŭ޳ӵԣδ죬ȴıȴ˸ȴҲһЩ˾ɵΪ
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ǡ
ССʶԼķͷ׷ȷһϦ֮ףΪǳȣѵԣǰ׷Ůѡе
ΪΣ
Ϊѡ
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011


ʲôУһŰˣˣС󣬽㿪۽硱
䳰ȷʵڲССֻЦЦ˭˵ʵأıʵⶫСѾΡҪģҲǽɽ׸ģưɡ
ΪʲôҪŸңСС⡣
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ССж˶Ĺţ۲бӣڿԼǰȫԼһģĵ
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Ҫ㶮ֻҪͳɡ
Ҫ
ǰ׳ҲҪһֱһֱʣ


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ֱССӰһһӣӰڵʣŷЩ΢ٵʣ¶ʽߵա 

012

صһӣģһϣСС㿪ʼȣﲻͣţ㿪ʼᡣ
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ᣬ׼ˣǿţ֪Уһ޵úġ
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𣿡ÿıһĨȣô˵㻹ȥ򣿡
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޳ָС֣ĺСǰ׷Ů޷ıʵôα˷ĺ⣬ǣ°գĵ᲻Ըɡ
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013

״żɽѾǲ뱱üգӱ߾һ·ǣ䣬˷һеݡ
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һΡܷҴˣ׷ŮԲ֡
ǹغգغգغϹажԼҹϹ֮ʣƻ
һͬн̫ۣԶȴǣžԽԽãע⡱
ԶӦǣԪһͬ뿪
µģʮˣϹרѱɵĻʮϻҡ
ʮˣʵ̫עĿ
һУһϢȺǣû޵ּ⣬׼׶֡
ǡ
ʮˣӦǡ

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ӳţеĸؿѲ֡ʵϣڷ̤ϱȻõϢ
һвʮ˵Ķ飬ֱйʶѰ֮١
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ʣϹһУǡ
ţעǵһһֻҪһ˿һĲ֮٣̰ޡ
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ףǸոտʼϷںͷء
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ϵˣþñƣδ䡣е⣬޾ΣյԨһκζԨ
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ܣɢΪϹ⣬ģŨ
װ޾ĳޡ
һ޷ĳޡ
⣬ССӰҪ̤룬ֽȶ˻վСС̤Ľš
Ůôˣµĵʡ
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̿ˮҪʵֻóϣǲҽСָָλϵˣټĹûаӣŮ̫ҲҲΨһˡ߾֮ϣʲôԶԶģܸоɢֲ֮Ĩ֮İ
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ôüһڴᳶЦۼˡ
˵ʲôüȴҲȻóǻлˣʱʱĳֹӣͲһЩʱҲǸ˰Ȼ󲿷ʱ䣬Ǹ߸ϲˡֻǵģҪΪҶս𡣡²ҪģúøѧϰγΪŮ֮¡
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ССۡ
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ˡȰ㣬գ۵ССߣһѳסֹ֣ûУ֪Ůһԣ㲻ѰˡŮ
ҾǸѰˣŮֲԸġ
ǲԸģǾǣûиıأССұŮҷҵŮˣ˭ҲߣǷҲУսкη޸ɣ֮¡
š
ССһһͻȻĺˡ
㡪㡪
ڣϻȥ
ҼϻһģһԸģû뱱ɸˡССеĵ
¡
ֵ֮ĸ޷ãֵܱûʲôø顣
Ҫ
ô᣿ϻʻ᲻ΣǱһ˺ܴľģûкúýǲ뿪ġ
Σһ۷ҪʲôɲϹΪΪǱĵ̡
£ҪôôǷס
ЩҪġԼ뿪֣ССУȥ£ҿ¿⣬ټ
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ûʲô̸ġ
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㲻ԡ
ңҡ
족

ԽƮԽԶֱȫΪֹ
±׵ԶԶģҸǰȥ²ǻʻŮǣǵһƼŮ˼
ƺ
˸һ
ͲҪǰչһ֪УŮڱ䡣Ϊ˲ĿǣʣŮԱŮˣ಻ͬ 

014

ССǿͻ񹬣˴Ӻ˵»˷ҡ
㣬ҽͷһ񹬴֮ǰҪǷ֮£ͽ񹬵Ϣйء
ССԿһȫˣûзȨ
ڿɭɭзܽ˻ñˣšһüСС
ССһһЦϡ
Ǻǡûûа
ôҸղ˵Ļظһ顱
ղ˵Ļ
ûأһȫͶһ˵ϣıһһһһһĸ߸ߵ𣬺֪ͽϢЩʲôϢ
˵
˵飬ҶףǣҪף٣Ŀǰ˵ǲܴﵽҪģԣԡ
ԣͿԹĲţĶŻֱ𣿡
Ȼǡͨһʮĺôɰ𣿻ƸСͷƵģССʹСԴ˭Ҳҿǵȵ۹⣬ǷͶġ
Ȼǣʲô
ˡƲССһۣ
СС̵ĥԺðζȥˣûвΣҲûдСһԿ֣²ؼһϲ߸ߵĸ
ʵĴƣסһţͷдйط׵Ϣ뿴ȥɡ
ҡͷϸ۵ĲӲ㲻ûУҲ뿴
ˣ̫͸ˣͨˣȻ˵£Ͳ°ɡ͵εˡ
͵Ȼףһжɵġ
һʮ˲Ҳӹ
ĲīüһðɣȻ㲻޾ջ١

δзӦΪ죬ۼŮӣʱСıݣڣǱ൱һ㰡
Ȥ𴽽ǣз¶֮ɫȴŬҪֹԼϰС
֮£ôֹģϣʲô¡
ġ
ϡڡ
ЩȥյֽмҲ׼
ǡ

ŵôøҪЩȥյΪʲô粻գƫʱգҪȥ
Сս˵ԼõǼ޷䣬ҪЩŰˡ
ŲҪ
벻޲

ϹǱֻŮĻôŬŬĸѧϰð׷Ůѣ٣ΣٲԼ
۶΢Ҳˡ
ĬĬͷ
üͷһôʧˣԽл£ü
áҡͷҿ벻ʲôͬ˲;հˣˡ˵գתԼϵı飬Բ𣬸ոյĶɲٽһΣһΣһúѧġ


ҾǸӵˡ
ССУΪӵˣһȣԵÿɰˡ
Ҳȥ
֮ǰӦʹ޻ȥһˣڣʱˡ
֪ȥףǣҼʲôأֲ˵ὲȥֻᱻɼıɡ
ҪиһֵȥģܻܲŻһˡ
þһ㡣
СС
֪ԼʲôϲҪһٵĽҡֹУдһСૣһˡǰȻ׵ķŹһ˫ĿľСССĵĴǰˣǲá
ӣǣȫȥ
ܺðҶˡ
⡪ⲻǶ족
ޣⲻж죬ֽʲôʧأоռ죬°ͱܣСԴò̧ø߸ߣܷЩʹһ㶼֪Ҫϧ
ֻǡֻǾѡЩĵ
һһĨЦ޲òúõĽ͹ʦһʱգǰ̵ĺܺá
һҧССٱҲĻл
㲻ҪΪѹʦ¡Լ⣬˸νİ׷ŮڣʱԼ̬ǰᷢı仯
Ϥı仯
ȴƺ൱ϰߣų⡣
𣿡
ң㲻ҪŪ˺òãˣҸȥˡ
ɿֱͦˡĺЦͻأ£ȥ֪һ㣬̳



015

磬ɭ
У˶ŨҵϢζǰй¥Ǽ֮ɵҲҵĹС
û˶Ҳû˸Ҵĺһ£˴˿̾š
ҵĻʺ󡱡
ҵŮˡ
һģһͬɫۣͬʱŶԷ粻ϸȻΪǲɫͭˡ
ûоĳȤ
ͬ˶ˣڷһһ룬̾š֮ϵӥԼĵ̣ػԼе
ССǱȥ
ףû뵽㻹ǸӡһɫӹĹǰ²ߵĻۣſձΣգϵûȥ𣿡ˮһ㣬ӿɣһû޸ˮĻᡣİ׷˿˿
û뵽ңʹ˱ӵֶΣҲ±մʧһ
ߡžһأƬ˾ġҶŵջ֣ᵯָȻ֮ɫƺˤ֮ˣްϵȻһ̧Ŀ΢Уô㻹֪Ǹеı֮ˣŵ㣬ǲҷǷס
ƣ÷׵ɫ
ˣһУδκ׼̤뱱һΪϹҲװݡǵսڲſʼ
Ǿ
ôᡱʼ磬һƬʲţǿ˸޹ؽҪЦˣͬշ磬οƵͶ·ءһ٣΢ıȻ𣬡ʹ·ǰ㣬ףò˵뿪Ϲ֮ʱ˵һһɡ˱ơ
ڡ
Աʵ˵
Ҽǵáһȭ˵ĻǵһҲܴԲȥҲһΣССһҪϹ
롱

ĽͶССϣССϹˣҷýȢޣϹĻʺڣһȥ

һӾͳˣΪҲῪڵġҪشϹʡѰա
ȥ
һҪһȥ
ֵٴԣ£ԴʱгֵĿܡ
ף޲ʧġ׷Щ⡣
㻹ʲôҵģ߱߱ĸ߱಻ΪԶ󺰣֮¶ǲ
Ϲ˭˲֪Ǹôֲˡ
߱ɱȻΪһɱĸΪϳϹ֮ǰɱִƥϹʿһȫˣֻΪΪ
ûибûж飬ûκһѪĻ˰ˡ񣬾Ļء

˭ûʸ񣬷Ϊ
¡ŭ⡣
Զʣȴò¡
ССģϹϹ£˽Ĳ֪࣬Ϲ˵

߱߱ĸɱϹöˣΪʲôΪʲôҪô
ΡһɲΪȻȫ⣬ǣĵȴʲô˿͸Ҳǣα鷳ҪϹİǱ֮ˣףһȺ֮ҲǶֵ˿ĵ¡Ȼһɱ㣬ûڻڲ
ƶ磬˭Ҳûпʲôʱ򶯵ʲôʱ򶯵֣ߣԶĲӱø߸ߣ˫˵أõĴ󽫾ȴֻܵɴ˫ۣǺ޷Ϣ
Ƿңһ¡
ɱˡ
̫֮򵥡
δǻΪ֮ǰǱ񽫡˭˲֪񽫡֮֮ûа˿Դ
û˿ڸ֮󣬰Ȼ
ԭͲƽĳ棬ʧ˺⣬̣ķңǲһпԶԿϹκһ֧ӿԵпġ
ң
޲أ
еˣȻ֮ҷ΢˲ֱӡЦſЦû˿ҪʲôףԼһȥһֵ㡱
ôϱıսˡδأϹ£ضѰʱ򣬷⡣
ΣΪϹһݣ̫桱
Զˣø߸ߵģһҲ
ССɵˣֻܴţĿİķңĺԣַ
ǸˣҪˡЩʲô
Ժиһֱ˵ţһֱ˵ţǣûа취ûа취
ԡңŬ뿪ڣڵĻȴãֻԼŶѡ


016

ˣ
Զ£ڷ׵Ľűߣĵ£鴤˺ü£Ͳˡ
ò˰ɡ
úúõġһȱ˼Ӧô鷳ֱַšĲǸ졣
ССһᵽɤӿڵģԵķЩĵģᵱɱ˷ߵˡ
ģǷģ
ƽʱѾ˵ģڡ
ĻĻŷǸˣǡԭûдɱǸˡһ̣ССĺϣұûдɱˡ
ĺϣ
Ԫɳּ죬ԶѨǸһҲˣԿ΢ĺ
ԣ࣬١
ʮﲢûȫڳֻţʮعʴʽսôϹȻ㵽ס
Ǻ
ΪĵܵܣΪϹ֮ӣͷȴŵָԼˡ߱߱ĸֹ񣬻߱֡
˵£ôİա
ôˡ䳰̤ϱʧߣףıе
ô߱߱ĸĴ˭еԶԡ
ֳֵ˭Ҳ˭
ϵصȴŭЦſĴЦ߱߱ĸУˮ⣬ͬһ޵ˮȴƲҲˮ֮Уײźı̫Ź֣ССʶǰץס䡣
֪ΪΡ
Ҫץ
ƣץʲôŹֵĸоȴŨ̡
Ʋһۣû˦
ĺĸ߱߱ĸ֮Ƿҹҹޡһһ䣬Ũҵĺ⡣
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ĸ
һ𣬡кθɣﳤ
ҴЦƺ˵һЦĴЦĻλѵϵġӲֻ׷ңĶͬһ㣬֮ʱͻȻоİʧ٣Ů޵ԶԶþҲػʳһΡ񣬷ֻס
ˣ
ΪǣΪԼ֪ģģǶԵġ
ЦȻһ٣ףĿԶ
סڡ״𣬡û
ûҿЦⱲЦЦûŸԼûû뵽ô꣬סһҲ͸Щ֪ˣȫǶ񶾵ظ˰ɡȥ˵ʲô
סڣסڣסڡױ⧱䣬𣬺ڷ磬ʲŵķңĨΪĨͿϱҲѡ
㵹Ҹиװ㱳ϵҡһ䣬ڲҪϷĺӣҲõͷˡ
Ƿģһֲٵֻ
ϡңϡϹĻλȴΪЩͲϡĶȫ
ң׼ҲۣӰˣԼǷҵĶ֣ӺܾǰһֱǷҵĶ֡
ǹţδǻ֮ǰϹϻλѡȴ߱߱ĸ
ɱ˸ʣۼһĻĸҲŹ·ԭ͸Ļλ
ĵܵܣ
á
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ǡ
Ʒοģۻգ֮ʣױۣʲԶһ㡣Ϲ߸ϵĻʣңϡ
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ˡ¡
ǡԪ粻£ʱôܡҪڷҵϣϹаգ
û¡þ³һ֡
û𣿡ɵЦţϵȴˣףѾѣıԣȥԶǣϹ򣬷ȴԶԶҡڵ꣬뿪ϹʱһĻ֪ⱲӣԲܴùҡ
˹ˣ࣬ſңɱ˷ףɱ˷סССżĳ֣ٶǰȥңס֣סְڲµʱҪɱʱԣڣòã

˶ˣ˶ãڣǰΪʲôҪ
ҪɱһǱϹʹʱѾлɱ𣿡Ϊס˷ףŻķǸʱûɱΪʲôҪȵڣǺʱ𣿡һҪɱ
һ٣ǹˣʧˣץû;Ǹ񶾵Ů˺úõһƣΪӶĽɽǻǻǡ
ûһ˦·ףڻɱʱôɡ


017

ҡҪϹ̬һ
ЭûдСС㲻ϹҵսŸտʼ뱱ɲΪ˱ҽѵһپ뿪ѡ
롱
ңΣ˴һϹúöΣǹʦָİ׷Ůǰֻ˭Ҳ޷ģҲܡ׵̬ѵ״򲻱ĵز壬˵ķңУкڶģǸŶ࿴һΣ֮
㵹Կ֣ȴûмŶ֡
Ϲʦϡ
ϹΨһֵǹҵˡ
ҡ
ʦҪùʦԼҪ࣬˰ͻϹ˳Щȥס
ǡ
ױϻعһ·Уȫûаջ񡣲Ҳ˵ûУʧأʧȥƽʱĳȣǲΪԵǷҡ
ἰס
һУǷں׳ϹӣϻλԵˣҲ޹ء
ס
һֱô
ױˣСС޴վһԣԼվһԾͺãҪǰȥҪһô죿
ģѾۼʶˡ
ĶӶӲˡ
ǰعȥˡͻȻ֣Ҳ֪һԿ˶ãССףɵɵţ鰥һǲҪȥĺá
㲻ŵ
һΣȤĻ档
ֵܣʧˡ
ϻʣһ棬澡˵Ļ𱬣ֻϣ˴ϻʻصϹ֮Ҫ˼С
򣬰յӣҪʼˮˡ
ΪŮǷֵã
ССǰֲǰģεҡͷһƣİǰȥηηŵģĥ꣬Ҳˡ
һССѾײϷҽʵĺӣܵһһҪװ֪ӿˡҡҡĴ
ͷ
ƲССϹͻʡ
ССҡͷ
ûУûУûҪϹ룬ʱҲûеӳϣοû

ܺðԺڱЩСµüȫ̧𣬷ȴ׼˵仰ҲزغƼһ㣬ƣ°ͣӲǶۡ
εġ
˵һΡ

Ҫ˵һΣû
ðɣ˵һξ˵һΡǣССѸղŵĻ˵һΣɫԻģҲ
ǲҪټˣһ˾˸Ƶġ룬ĺԼϱŮʹֻĻʺ󣬺ûôˡ
޷ףȷе˵޷׵ס
߱߱ĸ£йء
񹬣Ǳʻʺ֮Ǻ֮ײסȥģЩСС֪顣
ŵҪһסȥҲν
ô԰ռôҪλá
˵Ůˡ
˵ıʵ˭Ҳܸı䣬ҲΨĽŲ˲·ĿǰҲĶȥ
ҵĺһŮ˶ûУ֮⡣
ŮˣմŮˣŮЫҲǱɾĻʣûаҲ
ڵǻ֮ٸ£ң󹬲Ůˡ
ССǸ⡣
Ҳݣ԰Ȼڷҵߡ
Ȱң㲻ҲŮΪѹΪˡ޷Ϲ޹ϵ
ңûӦʡ
֮£ССһҲ֪ǸߣŬԼøŮһЩ
ûʲôá
㲻⣿
ʲô
ͻȻһ䣬ͷԵĻССĿǲɰأһСͷ
߱߱ĸ֮££İն֪㲻Բ֪ŵ˵£һҲ֪顣
Լ˵СһСΧһССȦ޷Ӵ硣
ĵط
ССһЦΪԼ֪¶ʲô׵ġ
ҸͲʶҲʶô֪벻֪ԭͲҪ
İն⣬ԸΪʣΪʲôҾͲأʣԲ֪ʵ飬Ҳʶûȥʷʵεġ

һеļʵֻǴ˵һ㣬˵ʲôҲδ
⿴Է׵̬ȱ֪һС
°յģǸӣºͣǲñİտЦ


018

㻹֪ĿЦ
ܿЦҲõİ
˺ޡ
ʲôҵĺܴŶҵʲôطˣΪʲôǹģٲΪ⣬ʱ䲻ıһҲǻʹİ
ֻǾĲȥ⣬ȫûио
ۣûдı̬ȡ
ôӱ˵Ҳˡ֮ǰΨΨŵŵίСϱһ㣬ֻ֪Դ˵仰ҲͰͣڵãǰӶȥˡ
ССССӣԴ֮Ҳ÷ЩƤҲֹ⻬һ쵽Ҫ뿪Ƿ֮أҲóˣԵģ͸úúõԡ
ֲֻ˵ѣССͣ˵̣һ㶼ɰ
ɰ
֮ԱǣҪɰʲôá
ֲһղǰǰɰ֪ҵ׿ѾͷһأŮ͵ŮˣһĽ񹬡
Ҳ֪ʲô
뱱֮£ʹˣڣΪͷۡ䣬൱ĹעΪϻȫ֪һڡ
ֲЩɫÿ
㿴
šһΣص񹬵ʱ˯ˣѹʱҲˣԣʱһ춼һۣǰ죬ЩѹҲˣֻǻû뿪񹬣һۣɫÿ
ҲЩġ
´ٿ棬ٺһһţڣڣΪ޶˻⡱
⻰ǰ䣬Щ
ʼ˳ʦļδŮѣ˸ĪĻôܻᶮ
һΪʲô㲻ܸ˵
ǹʦӲǱҪ
˵
ߡƲһۣջۣݳϣһĨŤ˭ǰ׷ŮҲǡһͷ׷ʵۡ
ҸòΪŮһͷһİ׷ŮɫŰŮİɡ
Խ룬õԽܡ
˵Ҹð׷ŮȥȰ˵ЩΪѣ˵һٵΪǰ׷Ůǣڻǡ
ˡĳСӿʼˣİڰ֣ʲôݾʲôݣֻҪĿıɣµľˣҪǶɵˣʱ˭ȥ죿ʵɣ̬ҪЩ㲻ö١ҫͻˡ
ڿûа취ȫԸĹ
Ŷ
ŶŶŶģΪŮһñˣ򣬺ء


Ϊ˲Ǹܺصĺ֡Сʦв֮£ССóеҲҪѷҵɫ
еİһֻϣӺƽҪ󲻸ߣһͣůи꣬Ҳ͹ˡ
֮£ֵǮ
ԣȰ˵ôһСáǲ۵һ㣬ҲᾡȥŬġ
һССù֮ЩΪ֪ҲԺġĽŷʱʳֻҪһص񹬾
ֻǣɫԽԽȴٳٲء
ССԴʼͣĵ㡪һԵ¿ʼĵ׻ҪҪԼԴˡ
ҲһСײɵˡ
Ů
ССˡü֡
Ůǣ±Ҫ֣Ƚȥ˯£ʻعٻŮѹ
Ҳáˣ˯ԺʱһǵԼҪʲôˡ࣬ôˣæǰΪʵۣӵɽһôõ£ӵأŮȨƣ󡪡ڲ֪ҪõЩҲҪܶࡣ
ЩѰ˿õġ
ֻǸѰˣڿۣҲôҪô뿪ûкúϢûкúõĳԶ
šԼֱһѣʹ
Ůʲô´󾪡
ҪһЩ£ʱˣЩȥЪŰɣҾͳˡ
ôԡҡףû˯£ūôȥϢǲϹصġΪŮ٣ȴͷ˹ء
ǲԭµģ
˶ģҲԱͨģοѾôˡССŬȰ˵
лŮ£ǣ»ҪźŮ
µ̬ȣԶᶨ
ССˡ
ðɣҪ˵Ļ͸ңȻȥϢĲҪ
ǡ
ֵƬ̣ҹˡϺںģǣ£⣬ŵƣȺ˹
ССõ˺þãõҲˣҲԽԽѣڣ۶һգҲգ
ŮŮʻعˡСڣСĵ
ССӭ˳ȥյſڣ㿴Ĩͦεͷ׷ںҹУԵøӹ°׽ҹ̤£ء
СС΢΢һ˲䣬Ѿǰ
ˣ£Ͻŷʳл
ǡ


019

ķĿ֮ɫССЩƣСۼȴҪװôˣʲô
㵽ʲô
СС΢ڱΨһҲЩˡϵ¶ǿŰ׷Ů֮Ҳ˵ЩѹͲ׵¶һͷˮ
ԣмＸеףС
ĳһĨЦЩӲѾҪȻЩһ죬㶼æһûкúóԶǱĻʣۻӣ˿ô죿еˣȫ
࣬ó
ۻʲôЦۣ쳤Ц֡ССţЦ꣬Ȼ޷⣬ʲôЦġ
ΣͣЦϵı飬ҲԺͻ쳤֣뻳У޳ָỮķѩ׵ķ˿ͷβָ˿ĴУ
ôˣģ޴롣
˵ûĴĶϣľССˣۻˣѵôԲܡõǡҡǡޡˣԳƺ
ѱʵݿڣߣıҪСˡ
Էҵݿڣпɻء
ССԵ˿ģƺȸղźЩ˵˵΢
飬Էſ
㡪𣬱ԼȳԶòáˣŵĹŮװģΪ׼ʳ
塱һСͨһƬ̵ǿżġ
˲һóЩָ
Сˡ
Ͼ˺ЩŴĻ֣Ůʳһһ࣬ιСˣʳһʳһһȹϵơԶŵŨľ㡣
ζ÷־ССŵѳɹ
òˣŮ£Ҳ˵ͷš
ڣֻʣ
ССԼţʱղãССҲһֱѧϰѡѹͲ󶮹еĹأź˵ķӣֻԼ֪źš
ͬźԶϹټһ㡣
ΨһĲʣ˵ĸԸ
СĵϾƣٽݵǰҾٿ꣬ȴһҲһǰƼģΪСˣԣһֱ͵ǰǰҲһûгȳ
Ҳԡ
꣬
ССҡͷòãùˣңЩɫҲˣܺóŶ
˵һһ
ɼĶˣϲ˵θҲʼ飬һᣬϵʳѾɨ˴룬Ҳ˴Ǿ㷹ˡ
°ɡ
ССſڻˣŮǰʣµĶ֮󣬸ϢĻȥϢֵҲֵ£ǻȥϢȥˣСС˿
ǸΣʵãЩСࡣ
̧ƽ޲ˮֻǣˮ֮£ȴӿǧ˻ʱḡˮ档
˵ءʡ

˵ȻϣǿĵģֻǣǺܿİѵĻ
ҲˣǱʰôΪһͷͿĵأãҲûô򵥣汿
ҪôŻһЩ͵ҲڿҴҵջߣ̧ͷ
һ򣬡ΪҪҿġͳҹķ磬컺 ˵ܲãԱʱʱ̶̿ľģģҪɵǣʱ˭ʵʵĽʲô˵ˡ
һӶģһ޷ƵĴЦ
þ֮Ҳ޷ͣ¡
Цҹ֮УֱССС飬ΨһֻܴĿ
Ц
ǿ
ԭҪô򵥵һ£ֻҪ˵һ仰Ϳˣֻǡףո˵仰ôЦǰĿ˵Ҳѡ
֣ͻظСߣòġ
ЦֻǣʲŵĿţûйЦüۣ͸Ц⡣
ҡͷЦҡͷССǰܸˣ̸£һ㲻صȫ˵˳ǧ֪СӣɼǺˡ

˼˵ֻΪ˵Ļܹð
ǡɵĵҪ˵Щʲô
Դϡ
ģĿѾﵽҵöˣ´Ҫἰ£ֱӸ㱱ٶӣҲĹԱЦֻҪǵΪᳬǸҲ֪ĲӣʱڣܺúõĶСԴ
ס⻰Ҫô˵
䣬ҵЦֱ
ССһǲ󣬡㡪㡪㡪
ôͷˣȥޣȫȡЦ˵ġ
ӡģУӡӰС
ƽĺ棬˲ˣһһ


020

գϣЦ֮ǰգԻࡣƽԭͲһˣλߵÿһΪСġϹܵϱ֮ʣǿ֮£ȴˡ
ҲΨԼ֪ˣܲ²һˡ
ϻѻصϹʹ˵գϹĹʦñҾܾˡѵòЩ£ƺʲô£ӲۣĶ
ҲΪССͲҪȥʲô
СͷĹʦʵӵһźӰģǻһЩ֪£˵
ΪʲôСС⣬˵ϹΨһصľϹĹʦòףϹĹʦñڱϣ٣ǰнһ棬Ǻܺ
㻹䲻ģһǰɨҵȻʲôϹĹʦˣǼһﱻɹ˵͵ģ֪Ϲʲô⡱˵ǿڷҾϼһķϣҪϼһִвܵҲδ
ġССҡͷϹĹʦʹʲôСֶΣϹĹʦȻʱҲϹĹʦһҧǰ׷Ůòһ˲áϹʦȻܵõҵأȻڡ
ɲΪԷҵӣȥһˡ
ǣֱȵ컹ѡ
ѾˣգҪʽܷ⡱
ܷ⣿ʲôգ۶
׳հ㣬͸߹ˣԺǱĻŮѾѡˣ֮֮գʽΪĻŮʱϱƽɫϹ಻ռССϹ֮ˣҪصϹ
ʻϹ֮أѵҲҪʻϹ
ʲôССģ˳úܣССƢĲȥһƽϣ˵ͿΪʲôҪʽܷ⡱һʽ֣ССЩ£ϻʴһգɲǺʽ
ʽͬˡ
ᱻѹô
ŮǱаսҪ֪֮£ǱĹ̡
̨𣿡ͬϹһ㡣
ȻŲ̊Զ޷
ССĬʹԴ˫磬ʲôҲûСȴƵģҪ̨ͬһһΣһ̨˵ŮȴоԼƷһϰ㡣
ͬʻˮһ㣬ֻΪöѡ
ǰ׷ŮŮҲð˳ƲѣΪΣݣͲܸı䣬ΪΡ
ô£Ծ
ûѡضԲԣ
ԡ
Ǿôɡ
Ѿϰˣ˵İҲã׽ŪҲãһûѡȨ

ŬԼϰߵģһˣӶΣΡҲһɡ
롣
պ󣬴֮գϲð׷ŮΪȫ˰һ꣬ͬ졣
һϲѶ鱱֮ʱ֮䴫
գ١ҫͻʹףأΨϹ޷뱱硣
ټ̨ʱġ
̨λڱʹǲ˭ԽģһΣ˴ϲ£Ůܼ֮˼档
һΪʱȴ졣
ССһϮŮ£ѩ׵ķ˿Ʈɴ£Ӯˣ˵ۣǴŮ
һһͬһ㣬ǶԱҸİ׷ڳ֡
ȫȻаգԱͬʹڣʦ֮⣬ԹعһŮ
ССģڲͣţܿ죬ܼƺʱĳ棬İȴһĲӦ
һֱΪǱһݣҪ˭
Ǻǻ
һᴦʵҪ£ࡣ
µ֣ճȭͬķһ㣬ѩһ䡣ССţǷԣѲ֧ء
壬£֪롪
£Щ㾴㣬ʲô£Ƕ㣬Ǿϵúÿǵĳ⣬ǲǻ㺦µĶңͳӶƮ˹
ССһͷȴС
ĵ˵ͷŬ˵Լ
Ϲ̨֮ðռ֮󣬷СС֮һУƺҪˡ
ͻأ˳ԣͻʹߡ
ͻŮһλͻ£Ůʶһ񼣣ع֮󣬺ôͻ¡
ͻȻҪССٵҲõüͷ
ңˣͻʹڡжҫڣҪǵŭĽֹͻжҫô潫ǳңΪߡ
䲻ѡ
ССˣҲĸоߵˣսȭ͡
Ĵ΢΢ţҲЦҲӲĿҪҲסҧҧñ˵ؾ
лͻ£ԱĹģҲ뵱ǰֻǡڵĻЩѾŬҪѹסԼģ񼣣Ǳݣ֣ͻ˹Ůͨ⣬񼣣´´Ȼ֪ͻǰ񡱡ò˵꣬ȫ֪Լ˵ʲôȴԸоԺһƬհףƺԽԽѣģҲЩ


021

õģƺа׷ŮĴڡ˵ģġ
ǰķССǾԲ顣С£ܱܣ⣬ĳϣ˵ҲĻⱲӶû¡
ȴˡ
Ժۡ
ˣеЦ⣬Уֵ֮ɫͬһԵĹԱĻشǹԣͻȻЩ޵ó嶯
ˡ
ǿͿԻġ
ϣڵϣ֮Ĳ࣬һһ޷ԽġҪԼĿ˼Ŭܹ
ֻҪмᶨֻҪԼпĶôѣ඼һһȥ
ңΪյ֮
ƾܡ
ͻʹźȴССĻشҲƻصɡ
ֹȺŮٻͻʹ˵꣬ˡ
ҫͻǰͬҲ̻˶ǡССû⵽ĵѣűʲŸᶨĲһһ̨һһʧڰյǰ
̧ͷͦأǰ
ǣЦ⣬ӣδйĹâ
ǰһ󲽡
ôôҸոաûʧɡû˵֮ССȲץʵ
¿Ǳİպʹڣʧ˰ɡ
ܺðѵ޵ѵ㻹ӦԵϡΪһѵ亹ΪΪ˽Ͱ֪ͣԣ֪νء
δ뵽Ӧԣ൱ǡ
СС˿Ҿͷˣղĺõģ÷ߣףأ
ôӰ
һҪ붫١ҫͻʹһЩ飬ôУ£Ͳȥκˡ
ô򵥵Ľˣ
Ȼ㻹ü
ССʶʱҡͷŲôأȻԼƺЩССı仯

ǲϲ̫ӡ
ɳҪһ̣޷һ졣
Ц΢΢ü֪Ƿİ׷ƺڷ⣬Цһ㡣

ԶһƬĮⶫĮش档
Įϣ仯ҹࡣ⣬Խ˻ɹһƤҹȴ纮£˻
ʶĮƵˣڴˣʵĵ£ѨΪӡǾʹల£ʱʱģϷ籩Ѩֱͷᱻû
˴ë֮أʱ䣬ȴ˺ëĹ¡ˣڵ֮ϣ޷ɳͻȻʧ
ʧˣͨճ֣ݵֻʣƤǣȴԻţȫ֪ԼʲôЩŵˣϴһȶֻҪմϵˣ̱Ⱦȶ
ԭ
ȶǲᱻĮĵشֻǡⶫĮվ֮أżй̶ӣСĸȾȶĮǣȶʼڱɢ
ֻ巢ȣọ̈̄ͨ죬ȫˮݣ񱻹̵Ŀˮ̵һ㣬ˮһգһա
̶̰£ϢرѾ˲ˡ

ССǰһԣάѹʱССһֱĿĵȺ
ֹƬ̡
صĴűƿಽߡ
ӵõϢʼѾ˲ٵҽΪȾ˾Σͨأ߸ͨУҪ֮⡣
ֻǡ
ҽƺֻԵѹƲ飬ȴ޷óҩȶ
һӡ
£ʼĻ̡̻
ȴҲţŮڣǾԲ¡ϹŮôⳡͻĲŮһа취ȡ
š
ȻССȴ޷Լ˼ڤ룬նľзӿԾˮ
ǵ
ôˣ
δۡ
䣬ССˣУһĨǳţȴʲôҲûƼûָʲô
ţ֮⣬ġ뵽ģϹ֮ʱһĻϹĹʦʲôͲ֪ǵؼһ㣬Ҫģʦſ졣
֣ͬҲֻҽ
һѽüſԲ԰׵Сʵ벻취Ӱ񣬲ҪǿԼ
ǲˣӲҪȥΪ
ǱĹ


022

սϸļ۵Ķǰڵ㱡ĺվõƬ̵Ļ⣬̧ŷңࡪ

ûǿԼԴᴹһЦСûд̫ʲôҲûнյ϶һˣһȥ𣿡
ңָԼıӣܰʲôæ
뵽֮ǰϹʱľ
Ĭ˵š
Ϲ֮£ǰ׷Ů֮Դô˵µ꣬ƺΪ˰׷Ůĳֶµġ
ʲôûʦ˵ֻҪ̨ϣѾã룬ȻʦԣҲԣֻҪڡ˵˵ðЩЩȶнѳ
УЩȷ
ղܵ
ȶϹ겻ͬٲģѾĴҵתҪ뿪
״
౧Ŵ֮ϣָּ֮㣬ⶾ֮;
ʵδȻ񣬲
ΨпԼ;
ȵȡССæĳס䣬һ˫֣ţɿƹǺģ˵ģˣµº٣ֵİջǿԶ㣬ӵġ
Ⱦȶİգȴܶ㣬Ҳӣӵģ㵽ģκεĲͬøݿࡣ
ľˣҪȥġ
ңȵȣûãҺȥһ˺òãҲʲôæҲûа϶ѡеĵ
ôΪĿ⣬죬Ҽ޷׽
СС಻ܣĿһᣬĵͷնٿҪǣ˿ġ
˵˵Ŀ԰ʲôæ
ֻҪһ˿ĿܣͿЩȾȶһݿ಻
ֻϣԼԾһ
ԣ̨Σ۹ƮԶľ⡣
𣿡
ϹĹʦҲϹ̨𣿼Ȼˡ
ǲͬġ
ȷͬջߣͶעһССϣȻд⣬ңǾ͵ȥһˣϹʦ԰쵽£Ҳԡϣ¶Ǽᶨ
ͲһСӣԴӣԹʦݶԣһֱǺӡ
Ŀ˼Ƭ̣˵ͷ֣סһ˫С֣ڴ֮У
֮ǰΪʣбҪǣȶĸȾǹʦŮݶѡ·УмǣﲻæҲ鷳
鷳
˵һҲ޻ɷ˵һûСȶټ
Ⱦٶ֮죬Ҳټ
һ㲻ٵ顣
ӻͱĹʦŮĿհ֮أһŮˣһӣһ·ߣȷΣա
ļͣ˿רоȶ飬ϣװ˲ص鼮
ϼ¼ȶ൱ϡ٣ΪټܿģǴȶֳ֢״ٶ࣬Ҳûˡ
˵ϵĴѾ֪ƵҩΪǶȡһЩʱ䡣
ЩѾԵĿһ鲢ûκοԽķңһ棬ѾĮһеĴ򣬱ǸҵҵĶ
鼮ССͷϣϵʧ
Ҫıҵ˿Խȶķͺˡ
Ǹô죿ССܱԴҲûװ¶õĶֻܵƽˡ
ô족һ죬ǰ飬ߵԶԶ˸úϢȵ˶Į֮󣬸һҲ¡
ʲôǸġ۶һѵѾзˣ
ĿĿڣɲ⣬ˣ֮û̫ĸдΪʦһˣҲߡ
ϹĹʦʲôӵģǲ֪Ҳ֪ҵİ취ۣƲССһۣ͵űɹƷɡ
ʲô
ССЩССĲûйϵˣֻҪĽģҪʲôǲġ
ٶȣϵĮĮķԲڣĳ棬ľ
ܼ֮أӰ
ȶ˵
ΣȶģΨһҲܴڼһһĵһһʹĥ
δȾģǲΣиһ
˵еĴҲвٸȾȶ
ʲô
ҲȾˡ
ʦŮλСġĵеǽʦŮ͵ĮҪʦŮƽƽͻػʳǡ
һ˿ⷢ
ǻСĵġССͷˣҲҪСġ
ǡ


023

밧ˣŨŨľ͸
ϵı飬ȫ˿飬üͷһֱչ
ͷģԽҪĸоԽԡ
ڴ̨֮£ССﲻæææչ˲̵͢ʱڣҽ̨ڣܹټʮ
Ⱦȶ޷ʲôʮĻ̻̣ɼķӣΨԻ飬ȴ޷ԤⶾҩҲȾĿܣԽ
һȾϣҪˡ
Ů򲻿ɡ༫ҪŮ£ռһʡ
һСĵģˣЩûϣֻӿǲĶ񻯡־ߴȾĲ飬һˣ߶Զ߶ԶɵɵҪ
һ࣬ϱѡ
Ҫ㹻֡
СͻЩˣһˣΪ˵Ⱥѡ
Щ飬λ뷨ˣ֮ǰ£һҪȷŮʦȫŮֱӽŮԼ֡ļССЩΪѡ
Ϊ
ҲΪһˣ£Ҳ޷úõЩˡҪǡ
ͬˣû֮֡
ᱻȾᡣ
ˣСС֪ģĻСģһжӴ˼ȥ䣬Ҳʲô֪Ȱ˵
ҪԶҪˮҪҩҲҪ壬ЩҪȥ
ССæʳˮҩڲ壬Ѿ˰׵
ܰϵæʵࡣ
պ̨ף׼Ķ׼׵һϢУԱһϣ
ԭϣ֮УЩ⡣
ˣܡ
ûˣȥ
գ콵꣬Ȳˣɹ̫ͬܲꡣ̨ǰССһ¡
ˣѲ
СС̧ͷ죬鼫ȸӡԵ˵ϱӾһꡣϴ죬꣬һΣȶꡣ
ϣһͷͷ죬ɹһΣҲǳɹɡ
׼𣿡
ˡ
ʵҲûʲô׼ģ̫Ĵڣ֮ǰΪƷССҪԡر׼Ȼʱ̨֮ϣ˫Ŀգ˫ֺʮģ
ģͽˡ
۵ССʲôԭедʶģһһΣڷϣϣϣˮ飬Ӷǰ䣬һ·˳ۣѩ׵½ϡ
겻СһᣬˣѾʪܵˡ
ǣܶ
һ㣬ңԺܺ˼룬Ҫһһ⣬ţϣðսȶ֮ࡣ
ϣЩĵףȴʼȡ
壬ʼ
֪˶೤ʱ䣬һֱ£ССֻõģȵļ尾ԴҪѿһ㡣
üͷţʮ˫֣ճȭ
ٺ
ʲôҲǵˡ

֪˶ãԺĴӳ˯ѹãȻĿܣһʱ벻Լںδ
ԺĶͷԺĿߵˣԺУһƬհס
ˡ
ĿǰˣǸӣȻ飬ˣͷ
ͻȻ֮ε˰ʲôʱôˡСͷİСߴߴ˵ЩʲôȴʲôҲֻǴĿ
ڲͷˣЩŹ֡һУüһָһ㣬ۣ֮ǰδһࡣ
㡪˭
ıŮˣ˭
ҡĲǵ˭
װɵˡ𣬵ץ񣬡ϹʱʲôûǺúõΪڵһɶѾҵԽȶķˣǵˣװɵССϿѹ
ϵŮˣɰıͷ
ڽңҽзСС
а׳ա
ССüôˣģûе㡱
װǵҡ
Ҳûеǻúúõ
ＫˣΪĺġʧģô㣬Ҳ㲻һӣУⲻĺ
ʵڿȥ֣ССüģٶȷֵĶͷʡ
˯ͻȻ˵һ֡
СС˯ˡ
ɻشϣϵ˫ۣϵı飬൱͡
һ亹֣ۣ˳еĽˣϣֲеġ


024

һССԺģ˯˺óóʱ䡣
һҲȷ˯˺ܳʱ䡣
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´ҴڡСС˵ĴС
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СССС̫ˣӽ쿪ʼҪǿҪ¸ңΪеĺӣҪ֧ţ


025

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ȶѽ⣬Σղ٣Ůʥ⣬ڰյУһҪپʲô
ٷʲô£ҲŮڣбڣǿ԰ĵĹӡʻᱣսҷţʿġ񽫡ŮԱ֡
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ӹŵһ⡣
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ССԹԵĴﰲ̥һεͻȻϷ纮壬֮ǰӵ
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ġ
֣ţǰΪ̫׳ء
С㣬С㣬Ҫȥ
ڡ
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ǵҽ֮ǰнСڴſ´ڲѡ˿档
ССҲ˵ڴ죬ûôҽʵǰ̫ˣܺãڴôѾǼˣٲ߶߶ͷҪˡ
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С¹ϵľܾȴ൱ĲССҽĻд
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Ѱ飬ĵĿţ˶ϵѾʲŴࡣרĵȫûиܵȶȵӡ
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飬ʵࡣ
ڣ߶߿ţֻùԹԵİߵΪġ
۶΢УСŵЦԾġ

ϵ飬Ȼߡ̧ͷʱ˿̾ܳˡ
ʡϡֱ
ءҺڳһСССӦţ֪ǲʲô¶ģǣĽæţϡʲô𣿡
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ǲǡҡͷô̫أûиоأе㣬ٸոûаҶȵġԽ˵ԽСɫԽԽڣԽԽһƬƮ


026

һԲİޣڴϣûʲô
ΪʲôͲСССԴϿ׵ˡ˼ǲصúһ˿׵ģǱ㲻ʵ
ŭʱЦʵǲ²͸
Ը߶䣬Ҫ²⣬ǣϣΪ֪ǴĵģټҲ
ûпڣССҲððȻ˵
о𣿡
ССԼҪϢʱڿˣСĺһףû¶ҽ˵ˣҵܺá
Ǿͺá΢࣬±Լţһ֪ᡱ
ǡ
СԴ͵͵ģ̧Ҳ̧̬ȱ仯ȴ˵ģϣԼı˵ˡ
ԭ
Ҫ˵ʲôҪʲôˡģʱˡ
ᳶԳһЦ
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ССҡͷûаôأúõģûʲôÿ޵İûᣬúõ˵ء
Ŀһɵɿ֣ûٶ˵ʲô
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ССɵţֱҲıӰŲȻһЦع˫֣ᰴСϣǲҪĺá
ǡ
ùһЩ

ССһֱ֪ϱ⣬͢ѾڳｨŮԶɽϣһʥŮ䡣
ｨٶȼΪ٣вٰգԸｨ飬ֻϣŮסŮ
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ʱﶼܰ͡ƽϢУССһִΪԼɽҰ֮Уǰƽ
ʵϣȷǡ
Ůǰźÿ̫鷢СС֪˵飬£ҲʦĿţͰﲻæ
ҪģǺúõİ̥øе̥
Ů½䱸ɭϣССѾ²̤Ůһ䣬ֻʱĹ졣
ܳƣģȴ൱㡣
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ԼԼССƺڽû⣬ҹҶ˯ˡ
ССһʲŸӵĴ̶ѣȻ̧ͷգȻĿǰٳֵһ˫Ӱ
ϻʣʦ


027

ССϹ
֪ϹĹʦͨһΣߴŲٵĻȴǰܱ顣
һΣ˹ʦһˣССϹ
ССضûС
Ůڣɳţӵʧ٣Ӱҹǵĳ˯ҹŨ˯Ũҹ˳ǣ˱߽硣
֪ʦô쵽ģ٣һϣҲܴӱĹصϹĻʳǡ
ʺͺúϢɣһˣҲۻˡϹʦЦ棬ССģûĻţ֪һ˾㱻ϹҲκεΣգǡƣܲ
ʦҡҲǻʺ󡪡ҡСԴλģ׳ףȴз֮޷֮ʵĸУ˷ҵĹ⣬ôٱϹ˳Ϊʺ
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׻ұһƵڳ֮䣬֪߽ͨؿ׼κһ֮ˡ
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𣿡һʱŮûнӵ˵ʥ⣬һŮ˻УİĹȣȥӲĳ͵İŮҲδһͬ棬ң컻ǷССҪϹһԼ뿪


028

˻ֱһóУ֮ɫ˵Ĺٽˣ֮ϣΨһ֮ˣȴΨһ˵ȱˡ
֮İ֮أ֮İ֮ˣ㲻ķȴǿռңҪССǸѰˣͺ͸㡱˵ĺ顣
κΣССǸѰˣû˼һ
һͿСŮˡ
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Ҫôϴһ"
һַǿɲôʣһϹûзһβͬССضᱻúúáʱ򣬱ŮҲΪ˸е𾪣׷ŮԭϹ֮ˡ
Ϊû˿ΣǱĹʦô˭㣬ӣ
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ûãѡĹʦԽԽˡĺɭЩˣǷǳˣ˼˵һԸұԸתᣬȴʮ֡
ΣԸССƣһܽеȶھǵϹܿ϶ССԸٻر𣿡
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Ҳ޷ֱ׳˵Щʲôȷǿ˵Ψһ׽֮ˡ
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û⣬ϹȻŮǿ൱⣬Ϊ˻ʵİȫԥ
ϣ´ȥϹȻŮ
Ҫ١


029

ϹǰģǶŮݣֻ͹ʦⰲţССҪһԺ䡣
ȻԶϹʺ֮ڻʺ֮λϣȴʵġ׼̤Ժ䣬Ҳ˳СС⡣
ԺֻѾССʳӡ
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þӺϣڸƮΣûа㼼޷˳ġ֮ĸһŮˣһǿԱԼͼ˵ŮˣȻʿ˷ҵĸףһ֮Ůӻغ󹬣ĳ֮
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Ҳ䣬գɱ˲Ϲʿ뿪Ϲ
ԭίû֪Ŀ÷ذ׵ĹŮҲͳ˹䲻ҴûзϹ

Ϸ߱߱ĸǺԸң㲻ģ£ҲȥϡϹʦ̾һǸţȴ˱Ļʣǿϧˡ


030

ԣԽһ𣬲ͣңڷ¸Ĺ֮뿪Ϲ
飬һͿúõ飬ܻ˿켣ѰƫʲôҲ˵Ǹʱͣ£ƾһ°
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032

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Ůɣ㷽ССҵܷ⣬һǱŮ޳ѡ񣬸һȥ
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033

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034

ҵ䣬һθܵԡʳ£ս˫ۣϹٶ͵ǵŮ
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036

ػʹ̬൱Ĳơ߸˵൱ŭΪУŸӣһСıһʬĻ룬һԥĺúýѵһٰɡ
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Ķߣ˵࣬ΪȻڱϹģҪ
ΪԼǲģѵĿģ֪ҲġԣݵĴĻʹˡ
٣ʱ֮ڣϿģǱŮλΡ
ӲĿһδķ׷Ȼĺ󱳣ֱͦţ˲̧ͷ޷ֱӡ
еȻգѽĹ⣬ڵˣԼڣࡢºСС˭Ҳҿ˵ʹĺҲңССģŬѹԼһĶ㾪˷ұеĻһܳܵ
֮δڣҲûпڵļ
СС̿ˮСԴ̧𣬲ܹΣţЩᡣ
ͷ˰죬ҲЩˡ
ǵ
ǸϡƣһҪǱĻʣǷңΪλǲ˷ƢģΪߵϣԶԶԣô¡ҪҪһᣬվţͦ˵ģ£鷳ȥ׼Щˮ
δ꣬ҵӲĵɵԡ
Լݡ
ûǡҲܻһԲͣĿǰΪֹûǸȨȥʲô
㲻ԼݣİΣ״
ҡûС
ָЩȷЩãʵСǽĲһĴС㣬СûܹࡣϹʱٰܱ߲վҪˣҲͦŸ
Щˣһ̣¡ӻǺúõģƽƽ׳ĳɳ
һ̫ģǸССǸĺͨô֡
㡪㲻ҪôĿԽԽˣССףǾԲǺ¶СŲŲǰӣӿÿ¡
Գͷһĳͷɡ
˵δϻλ֮ǰš񽫡ֵ֮·ĽʿһΣˣ㶪СҲٷһСҲҡ
ۣеĿҪƲտӣҲ֪޻˭׼ҡڵĳ˭׼ֻһҲ˭׼ڼ˼ģԽԽߣĵӵԽԽˡ

ǵԽԽòá
ССԿЦ
ҲȲѵİʱ򲻿Щ˽ҪǶٴһЩʲôءһе̥˵أ͸ܶºӳȥ̽Щ¶ˡ
ΪⰡ
Եˡ
ҡ
죬࣬¡أ
СС˸ͻºڣٻ˼һ⣬һ£֪ץʲôزȻôҲ벻ͨҪ
ȵȣȵȡһԼŸٵվҪ£κΣһȣڵأǷۼֿ죬ڻֻҪɵˡ
ڸʲô
ҡûҪССίˣ֪ոҲŻͻȻˣôСһֱСĺСĵģԸԼҲԲԼеĺ˵˺
ǲᶮġ
ͺ֮⣬ʲôʲô
͸Ҳʧ
ʱ̲ס룬ɷףӻùһЩ׶ģûжĸ飬ŭûУͼ徲
٣ᷳҲ
ɶķң˫һҪƿȴ;޹ⱲӶܳԽġ
ҪѵԵĵ
׼ת޵ء
Ҫ׼ǲ׼
䣬
Ѳͣ½ŲĽҲǣҲǡ


037

ࡪ
ǡҲŻһ̻⣬ѸٵĽ´룬ٶ֮죬¶ӦѾԶԶġ
֮УССķ֮
Ϊܵ㣬СС㲻ԽԽҲԽΪԽҷˡССԾˣȴ޿ˡ
ûΪ˵仰
ûпһ㣬ˡ
ŬԼŬҪ˵ʵûбҪôҵģԺ󲻳ȥˡƵҲƹˣЩ԰й͵
ˣ⼸׳ιǵ𣿡ˡ
ҡȥӲ顱شЩ
Ӳ飿ȫȻţ㵹Ϊľ費ּ°֪飿
ãá亹ֱð¶ôԡǵ͵һЩãȻջᷴеġشģɬˡ㲻ǻ¶ҪæҡҼ־ˡˣԼҲûá
ģָܲ
Ͽ֧ߣŻùһ㡣
ҲȻֱӷŵϣһΣʣº֮ٺúõؽѵ㡱

ССȻĿ޵׵ʲôΪʲôͻȻת֮죬˿
ǣЬӻûء
ҡͻȻĸı䣬ڻҲۡˣˣǰʱﻹ˯š
˯Ҳš
ҵЬЬõСɵĽϣѾ˿ˣͬЬմĻҳ
Ұס
ССɴۣɵɵĿΪ½ϵЬڵϡΪЬǱĻǺεȵ
Ҫñ֪ǡ
죬˵ʲô
ΪʲôЩĪͷԵ¶ء
ôɵˣڴأɵɵģССЩ죬ղţȷɵˣǸɵ𣿡ôԡôԣ˵ҡСԴڣºѾǲ£Ȼǰ״̬ǺˡôΪЬң㵽ʲôСϣãﵽʲôѾ²ˡ
ΪٴԽİˣ㲻İˣ٣Ҳǹ
ֻǱĻʣֻкӵĵģûٶˡ
ʲôû롱ֹ׷ȥúõţһԸŷЩԹ˯
ǡأ뿪˰ɡ
ۣ˵ѣزסﻰʲô˵ʲôҿô΢΢һ޳ָŪǰѩ׷˿ôԸȲҪߣ
ĸҡ۶һСĵ
ˡ
δ䣬δ䣬㻹ʲôҵģ˵Щӣ㶼ȥˡ
ʲô
ССһӲ죬
ʲô¶Сӡ
ҡ
ţ
º˵¶æŴϹ𣿶Ϊң
ڴϹ¡⣬΢΢һתȫȻΪ㣬ϱҪڲľˡ

˵ʼսˡҲɲסˡ
Թšֽ˻ȥ벻ڻ˵ǱŮҷҵˣиҷҵĹ⣬ϹʲôʸҪ㡱ֿʼˡ
ᣬԽԽߡ
ССţССȵϹȥˣһĺˡ
ֱ׳ء
ȫһ顣
õĲ˼ˣϣ˵еģ٣ԣϹСĵطǱϹʺˣǶûжٿĿֵĻ䣬ǣǶļңĸĵط
ͬҪˡȻĸȴδţеĺȴڣܸܵڴǵδ
Ҫս𣿡

ĿôҲֻǱŮһǸƷһҪŮˣþȫȥֹⳡӦս٣Ӧ
˵ʲôΣյۡ
ˡ˸ⲻҲΪˡССǣţˡ



038

Ͳһˣȴûд޷ֱǷǣµݣ˵ģǰյģǳΪһ˿ԿսɣŪ
ûϻشֻǾĿ֮󣬲ſڡ
£Ҫġ
Ҳġ
Ǿͺúõ壬ĺӣҪձյĺ˼롱޲ȴŵĲ
ССˡ
ΪԸ
Ҳ뱼ȥ˼룬Щʲôô
ƺѾ϶ˣСܸıʲôء
̾˿ССۣ˵ûдúõϢٶ࣬ʵܲΪĶı䡣
ľҲΪ;ı䡣ӵļᶨˡ
ӵĿŴϾԵСŮˡ
ڼ£ʲŵ˼ôһ۾˯¡
ʲôĺܡǲΪһжҪҪǣϹȻ˴Ӧýܳͷ
㲻ǰյĴҲǷ׵Ĵ
ӵľǰ飬ϸܴ
â
Ϲ뱱һֱڽ棬䣬߹ؽʿ׼һ˭ҲԸڱһ
ϱ٣ҫͻƺҲС
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Ǽս֮Уǣ׷Ů;С
׷ŮͣѾʶΪϹ磬µĺֹͣΪҩǺ˵ȶ⾡ЩȫǷΪ
ôˣǻʲô첻
ֲϱΪһŮˣϧ󶯸ɸ꣬仹ûжȥԶˡ
޷Ҳ԰
ͬһʱ䣬٣ҫͻ̽뱱ʱӡ߰׷Ů
ССжֹˣҹ·æ޷ߣңֻûиһǰ
ǸˣЩ飬󷽱óס
ԷУڷµѡԵӣڣȫûԸҪȥ£ҵɫѿһ
һΣ൱ģûκ
ճӦϹʦһ㣬һεϱսֻսϵһЩ飬ʲôҲû˵еĴڹʦȻ䣬ʺʺССе̥á
һμµĶССûа취ˣҵµСûа취ֻ´һˣµβҲһĸˣܲƹ⡣ЩرҪҪҪȥҲס
ļǻҲòССĸĽǰϤֻõʱٶ໨ЩʱȥϤ
ССа˸ˣδսģҲССİЩ
ͦ˶ĶӣжˣŶûг
ʱĻһΣֻǿһС뿪ˣ˵ĽࡣǣССǣΪÿһηҵĵж¶˲ɫ
ʲô
ߣʱﵽʲô

˲²͸ˡ
һǣԲʯʺ͡Ρ
ºʯϣССϣССδ˯ʱǶ졣е̥ԽԽ󣬼ϵЦҲԽԽ࣬ԽԽᣬŨŨĸ
˿ġ
ҲĿƺòһˡĶһ޷Σ˷ӯЩͦŸ֮⣬ûжٸı䡣
ģ顣
ٹ¡ͻأĪ¶һ䡣
ºСС⻰˼׵ģȫûб̬ܰĵְڡ
ٹҪʲôգ۶ССʵҪ뿪ҲֹǶº꺢ӣӣǰ¡
¾ߣ̫Բˣԣȵ֮뿪ʹʱӦòκεǣǡ
֮ǰⰡĿһۣһͨˣ˵ŮšϱҪҲٹµĺС
ףСŵôģΪʲôҪҵĺҪǻҪ
ϹĹʦЭ飬ССδ¸̥֮ǰʱȵСС︹̥¸е̥ԷսССڵģ⡱͡
Ӳϣȫ˵ѡ
СС˽⣬ҾͻºˡС૵ĻͲսˣûɴ
ĺܣһֲйȫ˽ȥ
£㵱ԼǹﰡûӵŮˣҪ򣬾㻳ʮҲûá
ʲôССİһۣԼŮ͹ﶼˣνġ
ϣΪŮҲǹһ˼ˡ


039

û£Ϊȷǹ٣廹Ǹ̥ϵģҲᡣ
ӵ׵ҲǸѰˣ㣬ҲǸƽ˰ˡ
£ССһװ۵СŮޣµϣС޵ϣǿһḶ́ССûܶĿ࣬˳ºˡ
ȡзȡֵǲ˼˱㲻ˡ
ʦСС㲻ССȡҲлȡǡ˵ϻûС
ʦôڵһʱͰȡȨء
ɲΪ˻Ὺĸء
СС࣬ʮµѴΪ˵Ĺʦôˡʰ˸ֳɵıˣȡȨˡ
ûµġƣۣӱºúõıڻѾˡܿģȴǵвŨŨľ⣬ͽɣܺȡҲȡءⷽ棬Ǻ
٣ȡ
ͬһиССãСССССʱССģڳҲûдȥ
࣬ΪԸŮȡпɰɡԼŮȫɰСޡ
޶·æ᲻֪Ҫ˼Ϊȡˡ
ǡ»˵ʲô
˺ˣȡҲȡˣô˫һǰ㶼Ϊ⡣Ϊ˼ȡ
֣Ϻü²Ŷġ
˭֪ΪʲôеͶŮˣڵķССǸͨŮ˰ˡ
ŮҲǻƷʲôҲС
һͷҲܰ׻ķ֮⣬ǰѾȫûˡˮ͵Ĳ棬ҲԲзԾˡ
ˡ£鷳չһ˯һ¡
ССһúչСģúϢɡ
ܿ죬СС˯ˣܳܳһӲİ䣬ʹֿ࣬ᣬ޷ġ
ϲù󣬱ŨŨƣ룬ӣúõϢһ£ܵ塣ԷԺʲô
СС˯²ãҲŷ糾͵ĸϵһ˫»еСһ
ˡĵССѾˣʵûпǿϧˡ
Һݵһۡ
£ȥҼŮ֣ûûУȥҡ̫࣬ҽԺҸ̫ҽӡ
ǡ
ˣӦǡ
߲ԣһȥˡôСĺӣɲܱŵܡ
ϣҪҪСЩľڻϵһСӤĹ׵
ңССѾ˯ˣȻģŻЩİɡ
ͦ˶ǰһûнֵĴ㣬ֻǵϸϸĿǺͨͨСһۡ
ĺӣʵ̸Ϻÿٿһ
Ů
ҵ飬Ǹӵġ۹⣬漴ڴССϣŮɫԲҰס
ۻˡ
Ϊȡ𣿡
ȡˡʱش𣬹ССȡģǹʦȡġ
ʦ
һֱۣӵ˹ȥеĺ⣬ǸˣҲñˡѰˣۣϰˡ
Ҳֲ֡
ССͬ˵ģҲõʲôסûΪʦΪССŮȡ
ֲŮ
ߣѪû˼ҵҲûʸΪСȡ
ȡӵ˳һЩ
ҵŮҧ
ôССʮ°ôǰһ룬ҲˣҲȡˣ˵ŮСС˵ȡúãʱ֮ڣҪ֡ѾʧȥȨ
ֱܹˣҪ֣ҲֻܹԼˡ
̿ɻ
ɻ
ͬˡұ֣ȻճȭΪȡʲô
Ǹģڵ˵ֻҪòãϸġ

硪Ҷ֣ҲǺܴ
˺ߣܹ⣬ǲշͲ֪ˣ˵ССѹ֮СһĸգзҲͦġУֻĺܡ
ǻòͷ𣿡
ֻǺߺߡ
Ĺ޵ǰ԰ڡ
ǣϡתˡ
ǸСˡ


040

һƬѩ׵ʣģʶãѰ롣
СС֪Լ˯˶ãֻ֪ܳܳһ˯̫˯һҲ˵
۵ĵһͷҪЦ
ּղ꺢ӵӣȻӦ̫ҵЦϣþãŻ
ģּˡ
Цʲô
䲻ðҲССŵ÷ȻɡȻתͷڴߣˣȻܿ۵Դͷҡ
ô
㡪飬ȴֻҲһۣ۶Ĵ飬ȴһ˶ûпû£ûû࣬ŮأĶڣҪŮ
˭ҲȲϣǰҲһ
ԭͿտĴǰ֣֮ǰǹ֮áס֮СС󣬱ס
˿̣ǰͷܾҲܰССֻԸġ
Ůôɡ
˵ŮѰˡȻû˵֮⣬׵ġ統˵ҲѰһ
ϣŮѰˡ
һѰˡ
ҺĿŵı飬һУɫġʲôڵʲôº㲻ҪġĿڡ
ºأáȵȡ
ʲʲôãȻ̧С
ӹһģԺչˡ
չˣôԣºӿɲΪñչˡǺӵףԼչ˵ġ
ҪʲôӵģţҪǿ׳Ѱͥĸ󣬿ɲÿһӿġһ꺢ӵڶҪһչ˺һ
ݵһҪɻ
ûԸĺӶչ˲ˡСԴҡţЩҡϸ۵Ĳӡ
ҵɫһ֣ҡùݵСԴƽ
ʲô
ҪҡͷȻҡҪѺӽһԼģ°ѺӱòãС֣ᳶ䣬У
Σģǻҡ
ΪΣл˸ӵ
СԴﵽЩʲô
ˣԴʲôϾ
ԹԵģһĿ
Ϊʲô񣬿ƣЩ׺ݡΪҪĺӣΪΣյߡ
ССӡ
ӣһҪ
ģǣȫ˭û˵ˣҪԼġԻʮ£ʹºӣΪʲôͲܴӡ
࣬ǣȴ޷ΪĸĿġ
ҡҡ
ˣҪʲôҪӣͰѺӻ㡱ˣˡһ𣬾֮Ъͷ༱룬Ϊʲô¡
ϣСС
½ӱ
ǡ
ˣûٿڣССҲûС֪˵ʲôҲӡ
ǳ

ЩĪСС飬ȻȵףʹСԴ޷ֱۣı顣
ĴڣЩ
ĺ̫Ũ̫֮ʲôء
̧ͷôۣһӣʲôңʲô
ʲô
Ҫ

һͺ𣬡ΪʲôôŹ֣˸ӶѣԶ𣿡
ûСĻ죬ЩҾңûбǷСС
˵ûбҲ°ͣӣǰᶥڵǵӴ첻µزˡ

ǰɲҸ졣ôͻñ۸һŲҪءССš
⧲Ĵһ¡
ССסˣĻؿ
ɵˣƺܸܿССı飬ҲûдȥһǾͰųӶˣϰ𣿡
ʲô
ֻ֪ϷŪ
ŲǡݺݵģҪϷŪˡЩĳĴ֣Ҫһ¡ⲻȥ
һ
쿪ʼҽӣúõİԼ˺ãҪչ˺ӣԺеʱ䣬û˸


041

̫ҽӣ֪޴Ļ̫ҽԺҽɶˣҪһӣ
ԷҽϿԳҲ᲻ڵİ
ˣ¾Ϳˡ
ģֱأҵɫЩѿ
Ϊܵ²񹬵һССŮ٣˵˴
ϵȨʹз
ȻûС
ССֻйԹӵķݡ½ˣ󣬻С޶˯㣬ƴ󶼲С嵽һģССŻǿģ᲻ƿۡ
ĸΰĶһƽŮˣŹԣò
ңƲۡ
ףһŮˣǣȴҲһǸ񶾵ŮˣԼӵĸףԼɷ򶼲Źһ˶һƬɷ֮У˿壬Ҳ
ÿ˶вͬĹᣬ֡
һ棬Ǳˣ޷ҲĵطҲˡһᱨ
һʡһѡ
ӵģŵڳˡ
һۣ΢΢һУɫҲԵĻ˻ССÿ˰ɣ࣬˽ƫ׼ãºסƫ
ǡӦǣƫͺҲԶһǽ֮Խ𣬻˽פס
Ѱ˿פģְԱ֮ˣǲܽפġ
з֮ӡ
һ£ССҲû¹ҽǽӵڴȫǽضȲڴ
ԼǰˡңСʣˣٲҲֵֻˡ
ҲֻҡͷķݣŬҲûá
ҽҲΥСС壬ںõĺܣϻˡһ£ÿһҶᵽССһͬţȻ˵ʳǲͬġССĶϵĶ
ﰵ
ܳԵ̫̫ͣ壬ϵζֻܸɵۡССòڹŵõζõȴôҲԲ
Сǰ׷ŮȻϲûнŮǺӣǻϵ֡
ԡ
СǷСӹʵ
Ǳ˵Ľ
Ϲʲôøء
糯
һ£͢£вٵĹԱСС󣬾㲻ҲΪ

һղ̬дһ࣬ҲӦˡ
ϣŮΪ󡱡
һΣظ˵ͬ⡣
߾ķңޱһسһٵҲ˵ԭɣ֪
ĿǰССΪ󣬸Ϊ
£ٿǡ仰㲻̸£ϹնΣϽ
ʼϽǷδɱ֮ǰ񽫡ϵλ֮һֻҪģá
ػϣϹѾ׵һйҷжССｵСС㣬ϹضõϢǻڽճᡣ
ŮСС㡣
һĨЦգƺҲϹĲͦ΢΢һƮİ׷֮˫⣬˿ðģҲľ󳼲ٽ֪ǵĻʣȻӦ֮ߡ
ֻ£ǲǸ÷֮¡
˭֪񽫡һ֣Է⣬Ȼǲͣڵġ
򲻵ѣǲá񽫡֡
񣬿ѹΪ֮ʣ£ֻҪ׵Գ֣ŮǵĻʹŮŮǻϵĺӡ
Ϲк뱱ս
֮ѳʷ
кߣ
ϽסɣԶũܱסأ޵ҪϹôұЦҪ֮ʱ
ʲô
䣬󺧣µľ¡
ϽԶܱ¹򣬴ģȣعء
ЦôûǻϹ˵ֻսɲŰա

أǳ֮⡣
ʹϹѾһˡϹԶ߱ϻλϹΪС
һΣɣֱϹʱ
Ųá
ǡ˷ѽⰡ


042

ս
û䶼̸ۣŮ̫Ҳ۷׷ء
ǡĹȿսѾʼ£ҡ
ССȱ𼱣ûпأ˵ҲˣϱѾ׵ֻĶˣ˵ֻزҲء½Ϣһһ֮
ССҧŴﱧʶҡţսսȴֻءΪΣϲս𣿺ðɣϲ٣ϹĳҲҪݺݵĴһġ
ΪηĻᡣ
£ϹĻ𣿡ϹҲźͱһصͷʹ˲
ССǹ֮£²֪֪ϹڶССС㣬Ӧûٽ¹ع塱Ϲգ˷ˡ
ǡҲϹҲڱǲǾͲˣ˶֪٣˹Ķ˰ɡ
û
ô¡
ÿЩˣȻСţŮһǿûеûйϵšӱ۰ķһ
ССǧҪô˵ڼʲô˼ͷ֣¶һзƽģССֻҪúõչСͳˡ亹ֱðǰЩӣССܣ;úˣŪЩϡŹֵĶ
СС뷨ʱ򣬻޷͸ء
šЩĲɵĵһСԴ
˼пգ֪ɵĶȥˡ
ڻʹгס˷̣ʲô¶ҪԼĶֲ֡ǷҵʲôˣԣһнͶ޹ء
ŮءԭŮеıɫԣЩϵȵ֮⣬صMûС
ֻһ˵ĻʲôҲûУԹġǣ㲻ͬˡͷҪЩǮת
Ȼ
ĸŮǰŲųŴžͲ֪ĸˡ
룬õıҡ
вСԲСԴֿʼҡˣԴûйӡ
ССôˣµĵʡ
ģԵĿ¡
ʲôһҡͷǲĶ

аﲻŲɵֱ˵أûµģղŲЩӲŻᡪõĽڣԼš
ֻ²ÿɷգգۣ漴ӹ֣ССԺúõһˡУЩЦ⡣
ССһ졣
졪
湻ܵģ

ССҪ۲ƸҪ̫࣬ĸŮһʱ͹ˡֻҪӦ˱ߵͿԿʼһչһ߿ʼԼˡ
Ǯ
ԺĲҡ
ûȱҲûĶõϡ
Ǹ£µѾˣһ仰˵ڡ
ССôˣ´󲻽⡣
л˵Ͱ͵ĸɴ൱ư͡ڿһ㶼

̾˿Ҳֱ˵ǡ¶ôֱ׳˵Ǹ³һԼ׳׳£һֱ˭ģ
ЩרŵĲ¾ָϵȵĲϣٰÿһ˵ҪƵġ¾ַ飬һǲ²¡һվ£ϴ¡
ǡҿɲԼԼΪССĵ֪ǲǺܲء
˼Ƭ̣ŵ˵ͷ
ССȻԼҪʲôĲϣϲ¾ңСС͹
Լϣڳ˵㺹˵ѡ
ССϲ¾𣿡¸ˡ
ǲǡССҡͷ˵ҪԼϣʵ
Ҫô鷳
Ȼ⣬ǻ˻¶Ҫ֮ǰΪССƵϷֹ֣֮󣬵Ϊֹɳʹ

ǡϣ
ȥ˵ɡѵõģȻæ


043

е൱˳ԭһС£һСͲҪҵ¡СС˼֣ΪĸıԣŮͲŮϵκһС£Ϊ
ССʱ粽Ļҡ
һ£ǶҪͷ
ǮƷ棬Ȼ١
ʼҪŮ̫ᡣԡССõֵǮƻǲ١µʱöͷţֻ½ȥϡ˳ģҲΪԸЩΡ
ңСС˽ٶˣҲмССʶġ
ԡ
Ҳ̫ע⡣
˵˲Mҵ״Ʋʡ
СС˴
ǸôͻȻءôĹҴҪССMҲϲǸҪԺġСԴ͵͵ģֱۡ˵ѣһۣ㱻Ƴ
ĹһĴٶ
þòڣСС̧ͷȻۡġһ㣬һҲ
̫Զ𣿡
ԶҡͷüʱԹĺܿ죬Ҳ᳤úܿ죬һһ˵ת֮䣬С޾ͱɴˡģȻҪúõΪԼŮ㡣
٣Ҫƽƽֵĳ
һľ
ǲһԼĺӣԹúһЩ
ЩMԼãӵ£Ժ˵ż´ѣǰ㳤Զ
Դﵽװʲôֻǣ̫޷úõԼŮҪġ
Ůˣ

ȴܹһУɵĲ
ҿЦ
ҪʲôҪȥ򣬸ܹһ㵽ⷿвٵ鱦ú
ⷿ
úõǶĶ飬ⷿĶɶƷϵģǱﻹ벻˿ⷿأû뵽ԽȥҪֻ࣬Ҫһ͹Ϻһˡ
۶෢СҲɢĹʡ
ҶĿţȻУС۽ӡġ
һȴȫĿڡ
ðΣҲſϷſССĴСͨͨġĶҪڡ
ʲôҪʲôǲŲĹϵͲסˣڣǱŮĹϵ
ҲС
Ҫ뿪ˣŶĲᡣ
ҡҡȥûСҷӦССѾתܿˡ
ٶȣһ㣬иɷ׷
ҵӣ˳
ŵ˰Σȥ´˹ʼССյ״·æܵƫԶʱʱ̵̿ĸŮ
ϡ
ССЩ֪ʲôԭ𣿡

ҲˣôͲˡµ˵ͷػϻҲССЩССҲֻ̫ΪΪСЩѣҪྡһΪĸΰˡͨˡ
ССĵӵ㲻¶ʲô£㲻֪Ҳһۿ
Ĳزʲô¶
ûʲôŮסҪ󣿡
ûС²һΪдһʡ
Ҳ֪ҵ˵ͷ֪ˣȥɡ
ǡ

ͼ򲼣£¡ȫССԸΪñ˰æĲ࣬ڷҵʱԸҲԸöģʽ㣬ûд̫ı仯ƽƽһͿŪ˵Ļ
ССҲĵĸ¾ѧϰȥ¾ʦְֵĽ
㣬ñӣЬӣӣֻҪϴģϵģȫѧȫ
̶̵һʱ䣬ɫѾˣҪЩҪʱĥ
ССҲĵѧϰһѧᣬҲһա
ƽʵٵÿһҲֻЩֻ˼ҵѾͷһԷ̷̡
ºﻹţʱʱССߣʱصĿŮСŻӵȥ¶
һСɣССĵû˯
̫ģ̫˷ܣѹ޷ߡ
ССȻѾˣҲһɡ⡣
ССȴҲֱҡͷ
ǻϣ̫ͨ·ɻݡûΪЩʲôҪºҲ
ǣƽ
һʦһеŮ٣뿪֮ǴλģǾڹУλڳ͢


044

Ѿһˣϱ߹ĥϣССսûٴ򣬲ֻڱ߹أûв߽ڵİա
һʱ䣬ñССҪö࣬ΪȵССµʱ򣬾ͻ뿪ʹԶ뿪
˴ĹŬѧϰ·ļɣ¾ȫõʦνʦͽССѧģĹѾѧСɣȻܴﵽ¾ʦĳ̶ȣҪΪЩЩǮҲʲô¡
һˣСС¶ģ뿪ĻĻ
һա
ѵõ糯Ϲ糯ֱ֮ӵ
ôˣ
Ҫ˵˵
ͷˣȷҸȴȫ֪ﵽʲôܲµһ仰ʲô
ҿǳĬġ
ȴǲͬĳĬһڣɱĶˡǹʦЩ£Ԥ⣬˾Դ
£λĹʦֵ̬ȶԶ֮׿
ʲô¶Ѿѽѽ˵ˣ˱̫ȵȶϲԼվڵϡ
ССŬĽƵ̶ãҶˤˡ
Ȼ֣ᶺŪɰϸ۵С
ССҲȵԸ˵
ֱùˣ̧֣ͣͷССۣϳЩ£Ѿˣ
ʲô£
Ѿս˲𣿻бصı飬Щء
ʲʲôĶ
Ѿ꣬ٹЩӣΪһŮ
˵ףССǸɶѡ
񣬴Ը˵˭ģѾˣôߵһ
֪һľӻжྪ춯صı仯
һѣߣʮΪŮǸʱԲᷴԣĸŮҲˡ
ô᲻÷ŮݣҪЦЦҪӣҪݺݵıһ١
ССİһۡ
˭˭ȥʲôʱ򶼿ԡ
ΪʲôҪԣ
Ϊʲôܷԣ໳̥ʮ£һһıŮһ꣬Ǿ𱱹ŮĵӣƽƽĹԼӣֵĳ˵ϹԺһҪľ٣ҫͻҲ⡱ôΣյ£ôɵ£ҲԼıŮȥ
ˣҲԺԼȥѡ񡣶ȫ¶ʱǿϡ
ˡ
Σ֮Ҳͬ⡱
֪˵ССķ羭Ԥ֮УԣҲæҲͬôԣһ糯ͬ˵˵ͬ񣬶֪һ𣿡
ףҲס
ƾʲôôûѡҲ͹ˣƾʲôŮҲŹɰŲҪССͣΪеķء
ŲôģѾʲô
δ֮ǰԲŮϡ
ôģ
Ѿ棬˲ٹЩӣ½֪ˡ
Ҳ˵ȫûзڵˡ
ĸŮҲûѡˡ
ʱĵˡ
ССĵ˵ͷðɣ֪ˡ
Ϊͬ£ЦЦССνķһδ֮ǰ뿪Ϲ𣿡

һжעΣΣҪıʲôǶǷˣû
ǣ˵ĻССȫ޷Ƿˣ޷˶ԿȻҲô˵֮ǰϷ֣٣֤Ƿˡԣ԰
ŲԹԵǰڲء
Ҫ˵ʲôǷл
أü
ССûпĻѾתˣʲôûµĻҪȥߡ
ʼ磬û¡
ССû˵ʲôŮƲ˺ߣȥĵطʵֻ࣬ǰߡ
ȻûֹǣϽǲڹط߶
ǡ
ССһֱãԼжĵطҲڴ˶ѡ
ٹá
أͻøһЩپССһأĵŵ


045

ѡӣ伴ٿ˲֪˲ңѴأ֪
һСŮǰŮŮױǱһʡ֪ȫûκε
һУѾ׼׵
ֻźӵĵ
һգСС´򷢳Щ鶫ǺҪȴҪȥһˣһһأҪϲʱ䡣
ǰգˣÿһ˶ЩȥҲĽЩλȫͨõƱϡ
һİٱһ·ȥ˻
ѣѾã࣬ϵһףֻ׼׼򵥵ĻϴѣһͿȥá
ǰŸߣСС㱧ȥеĳһ·ϣûһ£Ѿϰʱ
ֻǡ
ٻᱧźһġ

ֻسǵĽʿûʸŮ¡Ůɳ룬ԣ
֪һߣŮҲûлˡ
һ죬ҷĻ𣬹£⣬ȫ
쳹ʡ
ʱΪʱССʹźӳ˳ǡ
ȫʱһƬ𣬴СĲѯйʲôûһشСŮǵֻԽԽѹ

СС˳֮һ·򱱣ķʵڲǿԣһ·ϣѰߡ
òףһһ·յϷ࣬ǲںˣССţԴʲôģʳޡ
ССŮˣҪءϷš
ˡССеϷϴõģҪ׵ϷʱϷǺϾͿϡ
ϷûжͬһطʱҲ϶̡ͨᳬ¾ͻһطȥ
һ·ţʵɣСҪϡӹЩۣȴҲͦʵġ
͢ȫе顣ԸģԡҸ֪ԸҪߵģٶһ²⣬ΪǱϹ˴ȥˡ
ССеϣҿ﷢дţҪϹΪѣ֮ƽദʲôá
Ϊʲôǵƴһءĸɲֵá
ķżvĴССʲŻסһϷһԱĲǣһ㶼ѾӵĽɫϷȫѲݣһŻؼһΣɷ뺢Ӷڼ
۰ɰСԭͼģοΪĸҲΪ˼ĶŮһֱͶעˡ
Сһ˯ˣÿɰС֣۶С૵ĽءСҲ׼ˡ
۵ȭţС΢΢ţ۵СɰҪǰҧһڡ
ССýæʱտССҪϷʱԸšߣңٲ㣬ʲôʱ˱߶֪
ССղŰе£һٻɰСһڡ
ңæȥɡ
Ǹˬʵˣزסʲô˵ʲôǸϵ˶ǱˣűеĺˬССǱߵ
ĸŮţ˫һģһ۶ͬգգšССЩҵĵط١
ԭ
ССϣӿһ˫һƯеĻһ˫ͬһĺҵġ
Ҳز˵ġ
ĿǸӵԣ˼һ۾ܿضҪˡ
Ѿε׷飬ÿһζǳµطʱ򣬱£ÿһζ
΢ıװ˼Ҷûв
̰˯Сһ۶ˣССŮ۵Ķһ£ССѾܻˣ˻ˣء
ɰС۶գգţȫڱԹʲô

Сһᵽ˵⣬һףǵǺֱЦ
ӵϲŭǺܷģ˵ʱЦÿģ˵ʱ򣬿ɲʲôֱӿ޸㿴
˭Ҳ


046

ȫϣ߹ذظʤûһؿڶرǣ뱻ϸϸһСϸϸ
ҡ
ϱ߽ƺû̫ķ֮ǰСĥ⡣
ССңһǿµţûаһֱӿϹͷϡ
ϷҲû˻ССĸŮǳ͢Ҫҵˣ⣬СС֮С
ǣϷȨһɺϡ
˵ǿûжʱ䣬ȥϡǳ͢Ҫҵˣڹؿʱͱˡ
һ·ߵ൱˳
һеĲ˳һϷҰ⣬㽫һжΪҽʱʱ򣬴ҡͬСС״Σǲݺӵ
һ·ճһǣһ˵ĵطҪ϶ʮ··ϼϵЩʱ򣬵ȵҹûе˵ĵطǣһ˱Ұ¶ޣϷ˵ǼΪ¡
ºڷߵҹù򵥵֮󣬴ԹԵϢˣҹˣҲû˭۵ġ
ҹʱ򣬴˯죬һϮűǴСС
Żˡ
ССԺѵֱǰĻ磬Ҫյˡȵȣա
е꣬ȫع顣ССɴۣ㣬㣬ŻˡŻˣ۹⣬Ρ
ϷѾûģǱǱͷ
ɽҰֵصģҪˮϺһ·
ԶˮȲ˽ۿţеĶ챻վˡ
졪ŵôУô죬ô죿úõôأŵأҹʲôȥˣ
ڴ
ֻôġ
ƼϷƣԽԽͣԽԽңôЩʱ򣬲Ϩ𣬻ƣԽԽˡ
ʹˣĿԸļҵո⡣
Ҫˣˣˡ
滹ˡССͷһʱĻô࣬ôٶһСᣬͷ˶ûġ㣬ұҹȥæ
ʲôæţȥ㲻ССӦѾܵǰͷȥˡ
ССֲܶŮֱȥ˻
ô죿ҪھͺˣҿͣҲһûġһϣá
Ҳ˵֮ԸѾǸƽͨˡ
ֻС
ˣ
ŮŮֻ˵ģҲһԡ
ССŮԲ۶УӡŲԶĻɰı飬ûнûо壬ֻǺĶŻȻ󣬶ССۣգգš
СС̿ˮ
˵Щ죬ҲЩЦǡûбķˣһԡ
ˣûϨ˺òã
ѽѽƯ۶գգš
ԱˣǺˣȾŶĴૣСС޷ȷŮǲ
ϾһѣǸӡ
˴飬ҲʱˡĪҲͬĪ˺ڽĶð̣ͱǺԹȥ֮⣬Ƶ紵ƺʲôҲûз
СС۶ɵôĿһɰЦա
졪
˵ûдСһܣҡʵ̫ˡ
ԭǲͶҽû뵽û뵽Ŀԡ
ùԡŮ۵С˺ôһڡ
úǺֱЦ
һϷʧ֮һĲƲҲûֻǺ˵صģҪúϢ
ҹҹƽ£֪Ҳͻ˯ˡ
һ˯
ôģ֪
Щûй˺û𣬲Żһʱ⣬еĶ
ȱ˵Ķþ첹ϣȻĻһ򣬾Ϳ˲Ϸ

СطҪĶɲȫ
һͻȻ¼ŵЩʧ񣬱һȻص˵·ϣͺúЪţ
û˿Ǯû˿׬û˿ɾ;Ȳˡ
˱ССлϷһ˵ȣԸ뿪ˣǰ󣬹˴ʱ䣬ԽѰǵϢҲԽԽŲ
ǷѰˣҲʹ˰ɡ
ϾҪ̫ĸŮϡ
ҪŮȥѰһ˵һ϶еڶġ
˫ǣǼ֮أٹȥҫ硣ҫ뱱ȫͬԭССֱӵҫʡñһǷҵʱӵĸӡ

֪ҫԲͨССǴͷȥưͿɲá
˫ԶĻСС֮һͷ׷һ·ϽȾڵģҲͿ˺ЩǺںԵСѾͷҲЩССĸı䡣
Դ൱Ĵ󷽣Ϊ׸ѾǱѾˣСС˻ǩһԼһСݣȻССѾˡҪ̺ǻŰСү


047

ǻˣʮ壬һӣꡣԣΪ׸ٸĽ
ССڻǳȫδ֮ǰѾѹһˣԣеڶΡ
ɥĸѾȴʼղ˭Ѿˣȴ١
ϤˣΪеֻǸưͶӡ
ССŻ˵ĽȻӣһöСƿôõĻԽӵеһСӡ
ǴҴ󻧵Ѿڸд˺ܶĴѾܹܲŻеӣȻĻѾūõͨһ䷿סǳ¡
Ҫȥ͸ϿȥˣҪҵǰһΡССǱͷӻͷӣȫûбһССÿһξҪ̾һε
ĺҰˡ
Ҫŷң˵Ҳӡ
æŴ⣬ܳΪ׸ҪȻ٣ͷʱ࣬ڼʱ١
ټϣˣѾ˵֮䣬ûиӼǡ
ԱССɰһЩ
ү緹ûкúóԣôߡǺȥˣ֪Сһû˯ѡ
ƫ⽿үһٷ͵û˼ٷʱ䡣
ҲˣѶ°ɡԿŤͷ
ǿɲУСӲԶôô㿴ҡϵ±һͨΪСʱûкúõĳԶŻôССһǿǻֲϱŶ
ԣ̲סСС˹ȥ
ϾǸСĺӶѣЩĵġ
ҪǱССһССҪŤˡ
һٲԲôҲŲһŤͷ
СʱҲôİԶٶҪǲܲԡСС֣Щˣװڻǰ
Ҳԡ
ΪʲôԣӲ𣿡
Ųǡ
ΪʲôɲԸң
ߡ
Ἣ˵ĺѹͲ˵ССҲʣͲ˵ǻۻظӣỹûлСһˣɴŤˡ
ɿˡ
үòãٳһ㣬ԱҺðѶߣȻҲŶᳳֻޣҪˤ´Խ˵Խġ
ȥһᵽԵı鿪ʼЩԥǸɰСˣװ۵ĺÿɰңġ
ССעʱ͵͵ġ
С޺ܰЦѽѽѽĲ˵
Ҫһãǵܺúõĸ˵Ҳȥˣû
ᳳ㡱
ҲŲ³һĲͷ㵽ҪҪȥ뱧ͰѶȥ

ССգգۣǲˣү˼ǱͿϳԷǺð졪
úúãȥүȺȵϾʹ
ӵԺССסСݲԶڴԵӣԣסڻԺĺ󷽡
һᣬССݣСһ˫Բ۶ϵĶ
˯ѣСҲˡ
ѽѽ۵Сֱ֣ŷȥҪССΣ˶Ҫȥˡ
ɨһۡ
ĶӶˡ
ǡССͷûüιԶأҪٲŽϾͿҪˡүڳ԰ɡǰûкȵ
ԷûгԵһ㡣
ץˡ䲻ѣôСԳԼ𣿡
ССһ񣬹ȻСһ֪ʱСѾץһ۵ļСˡ
ԡȵõһ˫С֡
ءСһɲˣۼڵʳﱻǱߣһСҪޡ
ҪˡԾֵĿҪˡ
ССȻЦҡͷбҪôС𣿡үСӶ޵ģӶˡ
ǾԡԽӣֱơ
СССҡͷүţ㶼ûܳԣЩôԳԡˣ˸óԵʳ
˼ңЩȼ൱ϡ
ЩСͬġ
ҳˡ룬һҪȫȹ⣬Ȼ󣬳ĨĨѾԹˣҲι԰ɡ
źһûдﵽܹܵĽ
ĹɣԵͣ׼ãֻҪŻԳ꣬ȻȥͿˡһİŲ٣Ȼֻа꣬ȴעų֮Ҫ̳лҲҵһ֮УҪѧĶ࣬ʮһԺúõϢȫѧκζպϢա
˵ɣҲɡ
ҪǹԹԵĲԣɡ
ڲԷ˵ʲôҲûãǾͲˣΣᱻֱܹ
á

Ӻͺ֮䣬ִ˿ĹͨԿϵı飬еЩ仯
ŮĸССĹɲ١


048

ιأСүССģƿǳĴͷæµСС
а̣СС벻ǰСһúõʲôŶ˯ءû¶ʱȺþ˯ˡҲССɲ٣ֻҪڴ˯һͲҲˡ
Ȼ
ҲҪСñģȻҲŶ
𣿡һҪҵС˯Сǵһֳ

ոûɣɶСıŮ
СС˫һУƵĵ˻һۣүɲô˵һ̰࣬˯ģСʱҲܰ˯
ҲŲᡱ
ô֪Ǹʱ㻹С˵ʲô֪ء
Ҿ֪Сһϳӣʵ˼㡣
ǣүˣʲô֪š·үɹ·ҪҪȥ
СһתһŲȥ˯ʲôÿġ
Ӳĺܡ
ССνʼ磬֪СŤһ̣Ϳ
ãͲϣҲٱඡ
ΪʲôȻ̲סˣϳԷʱ԰һԡС𶼿ԹϰˣǴԼҪĶ
˦·ССһĹȥǿɲаүˣ˵үҪˣҪ֪˺һҺҪܷģѵүĿܷ𣿡
Ȼġ
ܷûйϵܷôС
Ųᡱһƨʯϣҵûôء
ûл
µ֣˶٣ֿʼ˦¡ֲûԻĵ֪һĺҪô档
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ʱʱһ£ǻ¡
Ϊʲôûл״ʡ
֪Եͷŵϣϣû˸ҡ
˵Ҳǡ
ҶΪǸµĺӣһһ֪һįĺӣҪ׵עŻһ٣ٶЩ顣
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ϾǸĺӡ
Ǻá·ɹ꣬ӣССҪЦЦĿŻԣҺͿԹĸүͬһԷˣ˵ǲǣ
һ˵ɰСޣԵȻ˲١
Ҫһ
ǰȻҪأˡһգͰ޸ûꡣ
԰
ʲôԲҪҪСһιñ˯㡣ģҪ
ֱ˴£ҵӻ۲橻ظ˵ȫϣкЩýھٹ²ľԱ˽úÿϻ᲻˵ĿʧٵŮСŮ
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ϹֻΪŮ
ʿŭΪŮ
Ů
ŮǱ֮ҲҲǣ㣬һвû֣Ҳи˻
һ磬ССŻԳԹ֮󣬲żͷϵ£ͷڻԵСһһš
磬СС˵ۻظˣܵϢ߻ԣ˭֪СһﶯҲһ£ĺһ
ͻˡ
ס
Ӧôࡣ
ûʱŻ˻ˣһνӡŰСһԺﵽʲô
ȴ˻Ҫӡ
㲻𣿡°ͣûʲôСںģΪʲôҪװںأСԣǿ
ҵ̧ͷһۣû˵ҵ
㻹ȥ
ҡ
ôءССҡͷүȻҲ֪ôģҾԲæۣҲԼĺӰ
㡱óһ仰ĵأһĴڶԲԣȻôͷܡˣʲôСӣҪƭŲš
ССһ
û뵽Ի˵Ļ
Ů
΢ССЦˣˣҲһٵѣϾһεŮѡ
ϵűĸַΪʣвں֮ء
ûССɬĵ
ôǻȥҲѾ̱ˣǲҲҪѾ̱ˡ
ôᡪ
ֻǵȷһƽϢȥͻȥŻˣСӣɢ鶫ǰ˴ŮҲԺڡ
飬ѧҪѧĶҪ¡
κˣκ£ǿ


049

һ޾˽֪
ڲ֪ǱľѾдʱ䣬ڹڻʳǡŮʧٵһ𣬱ԴһȥѰң̤˱ÿһء˵̤ÿһŮܻȥĵط
Ϲ
ԴССʧ֮󣬹ҴСˣԽةദֻΪʮ˵ĶǱϹǱ߽һؾͲù
ֵսʱڣǶսȴҲ˫Խ䱸ɭϡ
ȻǿССš

һҲš
ССĲҲһС뿪ʹҲҴŮһ
һŮҪһӣ̸ס
ŮˣԼۣܿȴԲŮܿ࣬ȴ£һԡϹ׵塣
ȥˣδССӰϹѰңҲų׷֣ԼǸСΪСŮ˺ݺݵİһ
Լ뿪ʹһ
ϹѰĵطȫҹˣССأȷССڣȴ޴Ѱ
ҹȻعȰƼ˸ҿڣ˫ϥڵأȻ󣬿һӰԽ
ֱŸ̧ͷ³ڣŷ֣ղµˡ
һعȴδŮı飬˭֪飬ˡ
࣬ȥѹʦ֣ҧгݡ
ô̫ɵġ
Ƭ̣˹һУȻԵõĺܣŭķңҪЦЦģĺǷᡣ
ϣ΢к£
㣬Ϊʦﶼ֪𣿡Īķ籩
ʱпܱ
ʶȻЦգôҲҪһʧǣԸôĶ֪
ϣ¿ɲ˵㡱εʼ磬ѰˣȻηκССͨˣԣѰǣֻеˡȵԸ֡
ҪԸɲ˳
Ļ֣ҲͲ뿪ˡ
һ䣬ԶعѲ֪ʱǰգ֮䣬½˺Ҫ˺ѡ
ı鿪ʼЩѿˡ
ǹʦûд
ҲǸѰ˰źܵġ
ŻĹʦ˵ڡϸ㣬㲻ͱϢ
΢֮ǰѾˡ
㡱
û⣬ǡΣȻһģб䡣Ҫ֪СС㵽ȥˣȥǻˣĻȵڡ
ˡҺȳ⣬Ҫҽڣʱ
ʱ
Ǵ󷽣춼á
ҵٵÿ˵˰ʱǰʱһ̶׼ࡣʱֱ֮ൽǰ
ðָ̣󣬳ͷѵõء
б䡣
ʦǵ൱Ĳб䣬ʱó
ģ
ڱ
˵
巽λ㲻ֻ֪ڱǲȥѰңһҫ
ҫ
˵
˵ǻҫҵĸŮĪĵ
һüͷ
Ƭ֮󣬷ҳһ˦ת򣬺ΣھͿٺú㡱
š
ȫǿʼ磬Ų¡
ѳӭҲϾĵŽС
಻ᳬ£ǵĴСŮͻˡ£ҲŲ£һ仰ֱʲѾصķңֲ֪ʱһĴ˳
ϰҲ˺ôһ
ÿһζˣһ죬ᱻ
⡪
Ѳġ
޷㵽
䰡ǸΨǴӵССʦѡ
ҡܡˡ
ǲ
һһɣˤС
£㾡ȻҪٵ£ʱ䣬ǵľ巽λԽϵÿһͷ
Ӱ㣬鷿ͽһ˳̾Ϣ
ǿѵ£һƺ൱˳֡
ֻǸʦѣֲ
ʮѺòãٿżҲһ£δʵ
̧ͷ̷¥Ϣ˻


050

ǿССΪλһϦ֮˷á
ССڱľλãǸΡУСС뿪ǰ͵ˣѹͲҪô鷳
֮䣬ԭ䡣
һٱ䡪㵽ģмĸı䡣
춨ȴҲԼŬȥı伴ССһҲ⡣

ýҪ˺úõĶһ顣
Ѿţ֮ûнʾŸһλȴǾġ
ǣֻܱ֤ҪģԿھѰССֻǡĿǰΪֹδ䡣
ŸջعķңõϢ֮󣬱ִҴ빬뿪ʳǣԭһűȥ
һΣıҪĸŮѰء
ԶڱСС䲻Ĵ˸Ǽˣ죬ܺãǲ֪Ϊʲôһˡ
˷纮ʵܣǿ޿ֵûһ̰
СС⣬Դĵ
һദϵƣһ˺ü̺ѾͷϣԻ£ûакøС
һᡪ
ſĻҲССĸŮ
ɣĸŮһˣССŲ廹ǵչŮȥչ˻ԡܵסҲ°ѷ纮Ⱦ˻ԡ
үǧҪҺķ纮ûкãᴫġ
𣿡
ǿˣҩҲȹˣֲҩһȥϾͼЧġ٣Ҳùһᡣ

ǣ˶ģͷǻġ
ò˯ŵǵˣصĿš
С۶Ŀס
ԣŶʹʹϾͺŶţСС̲ס̾ϢôŮҪ޲ʹĸжá

밡
үʲôȥȥŮСС֪ʲôʱݣҪǱȾϷ纮ġ
ŲᡱҡͷˣҵҲ
ôô˵ССݳһôһ꺢Ӹ˵ĻүǧҪô룬Ϊ˸ĸһԼĺӹĺõģҲûа취£кصΡ
ƲƲСС˺ߣûмô֪ôġ
ССҡţС޶ҡһֻ˯ȥˡ˵ȹҩ֮úϢϢ纮ܿͻõġ
ҩ˯
Ҳ˯ء

ڣ˯ʱ
үȻûмүҿᣬͺñһֻǸѾֻãֻҪ̺ү㣬ڳǰͷӶ϶æתûʱչǸʱǲҲүһ룿

ĵͷ˼Ƭ̡
ǲһ
һȫһ
˵˵ﲻһ
ΪɻͲԼˣǣҵͬѾǮˣ㲻£ⱲҲԲ
š
⻰ȴ˻ԣ˭ģô˵һŬɶΪ㰡
Ųǡ
ôǣ㳤֮󣬻ҵһжĲ𣿡
ҲŲҪ
󷽣Ǿ;ȥɣ룬֮ڣ˵ģҪܼá˵˻ģЩǲӶġǡ
Բ˵ˣߵǰ£ȻһҲĿССڴϰɣȥϢ㲡ˣܸɻȻĽ
ССЦȥɻŮҲ
Ϊ˶ˣˡ
Сү͵Խ࣬ĻԽץССŮڴϣСӸǺá

ķ䣬ҪϢҲֻϢҪȥ
ү֪ģڣطȥòãһᣬͻŵ㷿ˣ˿ɲá
ҲҪҾҪ
үôİɡ
ҾҪǰѶ͵Ҫһԡ
ôԵİɡ
˵
ðɣʲôҲ˵
Եļ֣ЧգССķ纮ˣȴֵȾϣڴϣա
ССܡҡı뵽鷿ȥա͡˽⡱
ΪΣүȴһİѷ纮ҲȾҪչ˵ү


051

Ǹˣнǵ٣ԵùֵĸӲ
Ӳߣۡ
ľɣȴȻڴ顣֮е˶ʼˣȥֻԽԽԶ
ۡ
û˯úõģŲĻտš
һڴϲţһ̺ӵĵţ˭Ҳ˭ССŷĵۡ
ĻһģԶĲܽҵҷһ롣
ССϷݵɹŽ鷿ǸѰ˲ܽǻ˵Ľء
ͷ͵͵ģŬһѾͷıݣֱֱӣʧ֮٣֮ǰܼѾĶ߲֪ٴˡ
ᣬԺﻹ˵Źһᶼ͸˵Щү˴ˡ¹ĵ
ţ°ɡ
ǡ
ССĿŹ뿪ͷǵ͵͵ģ˵ˣûӵĽððȻ̧ͷǲصġ
ĵȣĵȣǡ˺һᣬǰĻӻһҲûС
ò˯˰ɡ
ССЩС˻ҪҪҲ˵ڣ˹վʲô
룬ɲ˵
ðι󣬾鷿۵СС
ͷǵ͵͵ġ
ǣū澾ССѾģԳū澣ǹأá
ԶĴСˣչ𣿡᲻صϲŭ
ǵġ˵ٴ
̧ͷ
á
ԹΪӶĹڡһˣһ͸߸ϣûгԹࡣ
еˣһͱڽŵ£Ŭ޷Ѽˡ֮Ĳ࣬ͲǿԺġ
Сɵ΢΢üͷ־ı飬ڻЦ⡣
Ҫôţ̸̸Զ¡
ū澵Ĵõ˷纮үںүҲ˷纮үˡ
üͷ΢΢һ£ȷ㴦ʧ׵ҲûȵķúչԶֹǵΪֹҪһֱúչһСѾͷԭġ
۶ڴȸһְԭûлóְԶӣУֵĿǷˣҲ֪εĲȡ
Ψ֮ƣֻҪöӿһЩҪʲô¶Ը⡣
ūһúչүġͷһ͡ȻģҪģˣҪˡ
Ǯûйϵǧʱϳɲһط
񡪡
ͥڴѰĸŮȥˣΪηһǲϷء
ĶиŮ֮飿
ߵʱôֱ֡ڿǰĻԶˣȻƱ٣ûеĵز
˼ңԼĹء
˵Ůһ𡱡
ǡ
ɷأ

ˡѹûɷ˲ˣû˵һʷĵĶͲ˵Ѿˡ

ܵΪŮЩ¡
𣿡
ף
ƺءСС̧ͷȻ֣ոջǰĻ۲֪ʲôʱѾվǰ֣һⷢɫ⡱
ԣССģȻֱ䣬Ƿ֪ЩʲôǷ񣬿Щʲô
ܵģİοԼ̤ϱؿʼ뿪ʹһ̿ʼͲ԰׷ˡ
ֻһ棬ܻῴóġ
⡪𣿡С緢֮š
͢ѰһһСλŮ֪ɡ
֪֪
ô𣿡۵ķ£ֻСС˺üŴŻۣȻ˵Ļûд̲飬ǰĻӣȻһ̡
ȻǣǿǴСŮֻǸûɷĸ˴ź֣΢΢
գ÷ҵģŭὫĸŮճɻҽ
С
Ҫ뿪Ҳûйϵ
Ȼˡ˻ȥҾͷˣϾĲ˳͢ҪҵˣǿŵĴ˵𣿡Ц˻ۡ
СС̿ˮĵ˵ͷ
òϣۣаŵĺܡ
ǡ
ܺáˣȻȥúչԶúϢһȥġ
ǡͷתҲƵܳ۵鷿
Ҳ.


052

ҹ
ºڷߣʺ͵
һһСӰںںҹٲά裬ټѣҲҪʱ򣬴뿪ҡ
ۻлٱҲҲıʲôŽֹ̫ͨۡ
˳ԸǸ֮⣬ССʲôҲûд
ƱϣֻЩɢӣһŮһСʵڲף֮ĲޣҪһһƤǣ°뱲ӿɾûκˡ
ڰ֮Уֻ۶ѽѽĲ֪˵ʲô
ССףֻҪҪ̫˯еˣ˵ʲôҪ
ŶԳ֣Ȼᳳѱˡ
·ûдʱûˣǰһ˻šڻĻԺѾúˣʱ򣬲ġ
Ҫȥ
ŵҹȻǰרѰ·˶ССĻͷڰУʱ˿̣ڴϹԹŵĻԾŵޱĿǡ
һ̣ӯļ䡣
ˣԻĵģ֪жϲ顣
ֻǡ
еĹͣһֱڲߣҲҪ뿪ġ
ԡү
ǲҵȥ˵ʲôŻȵڣ͵͵뿪Ⱦ纮Եɳƣĺӣ˵ĻȴҲۡ
ǡشģЩ
ߵССǰǵţʰһߡ
ʲʲô
ҪĸŮһߣǻʲô߰Ҫܳ͢׷ѰϻҪһŻ׷ǻܹ̫ƽ
ȵȡүȲҪҡǲҪ뿪ֻǡ˯ţҴ߶ѣԶԣ
ǲССĻѻ˵ͷؽᡣ
ĺӶš
԰꣬Ǹӣܱܺƭ
ۣŹССϵİȴ۵˿
ΪʲôҪŰ
ͷװǳԵģԡ˵ȥˡ
ڣҲˣһɢǴ⣬ĸŮˡ
УСССҡͷôˣңүĲûкá
ûвС֡
ſ򡱣ССĵǴȾģòãȥϢҺһҲҪط˯ˡ
ҪԺִܹҡͷҲ˵һֱҵģǣﲻˣ˵ѣҲ˵ѣǲԶԣǶҪԶˡ˫ۣʼͨⷬССģŽ
Űѡ
ģˡ
ޣޣûҪŶúúãҺһطòã
áԻҡͷһ˯֮ߵģҲҪҲҪطҪϢҪ˯ҲҪҪҪ
ĺţģССʼˡ
ô
ҪǱƼǿɲá
᲻ᣬһ˯ԱǺòãϣǰĻү΢һ¡
ģ
ġĵͷ
á
ǺˣССҲˡûԼˣҲ˯ˣһ顣
С֣εģСС˺üΣ޷ֿյֻ֣÷ˡ
ҹˡ
ССҲ뼫ſϣ˯ˡ
⣬ӣޱĿĴСˣþ֮󣬲ת뿪
ССˡ
٣ҪȵԵĲ֮

¶ԼȱٰȫУĸŮͻȻ֮ʧԡֻýͰ͵İˡ
үҪԶˡ
ι
ðɣø
Ȼ󡪡
ү·ˡ

ôУŮޣҪүˣԺɾһҪ޸үˣҪȢ𣿡ССЦĵ
û뵽ĺ˼Ƭ֮󣬲صĵͷá

ССȻûɡ
үڸ㿪Цء
ЦԵһۣȻܲЦҲŲǿЦġֻҪľͺãһ㣬Ե˸֮磬ҳ֮󣬾ȢǾͿһֱסĶҲȥˡ
һá
Ȼ󡪡
ССΪӾͿʼˡȻδԾˣȻʲôҪߡ
ѧϰʱ򣬶ҪССһ
Ѿ˯ˣҲҪߡ
ү˯ˣȱȥ˯òã
á
ȻԶ䣬ССΣҪ˭£ƺԸɵġ
СǸ˯ģ˯Ұ꣬Ǿͻȥ
á
бѡ


053

ССû˳͢Ϲ֮⣬Ҫʲôʱǹ¶ĸıôֵǮˣľ˼ҶôѰǡ
һգù֮ͻһ𣬲Ÿ̤ҲãԭҪ϶־ͻȦģһ̽̽Ҳܵģǻԣá
ųž˸롱ȥ
ĸ󺹣ֵģһ첲бССȻ֡һһСĺӡ
Ҽ롱ŤŤĻΪӲ
ɼǲϱ֮ˡϱɻͨ⿴ǵĳ࣬ССȫ֪ǵĶˡ
㡪ǵ˭ʶİɣԣɲԲҪȥ
ȥ֪ˡ
ǲ˵ҲȥССĺţϣøǲѹûһ˸ҿ
ĸȫƼĴˣ˭ҿǰȥ

Ǿ͵ˣ㣬˴ϳһȻͷͷѹССĴȻǿʼǸÿˡ
ȵȡǰһ٣Ӳˣ֪͸ùԹԵĴڻԣǲġΪʲôҪһأһߵá˭ӵ£ǣŹӺòãһߵġ
ӡ
ȷ׸ĸɨ˺üۣС
ССȫ
ŶȹһٺòãȻҪˡССŮĶߣССĵ
κΣɰЩ
ΪֻڶĵĺǺЦš
ʲôˣԲƵĶǰһˡ
Ҳ֪ССҡͷ˭֪
ǿ
㻹ߣǲ𣿻ðգҿɲ׼Ժҵͷ󣬿ǲС
ССɴۣεҡҡͷЦȴЦģȻǺõģĺӣôҲ˼ҵ
үǧ嶯ǴˣҪӣʲôΧǽⲻˣһҪͬ뿪ʲôҪ˵ؼȥٰȱ
ǡ
Ҫٿˡ
ȷҪٿˣ˼Ѿˣðɣӿ뿪ߡͷҪȥֻŮˡ
ҪȻ뿪ȷϲٵ鷳
СС˿ڣǵĿֻԣүҺúչһٺúл𣿡
ԾһģһҵȥģҲûġ
ллүǸĵĺӣȻӲ˫۷Ө⣬һ£ĸ˿ʼͷˣ˴ߡ
һ̣ССʧȥɣ˫ֱ˳ţҪݺݵĽ롣
ʹɴ۶

ҪҵҪҵҵء
үүæ㣬֣ȻԺүȥġ
Ҫҵ
Աǲܼ֡Ҳ㲻Эһ·۵鷿ֱ
֪档
鷿Ŷ֪ʱѾվſڣޱĶĶӣϵ޶
Զ̸Ĺ㶼ȥˡأȴѹ͸
ƽʱ͵ͷ˵ˡ
Զ㡱ǿĻ˲ʱ˫ϥһȾף׽ˡ
ףһ
˭
үרչүӵѾͷܼһʱѡ

˭׽ˣ
֪ĸˣף˵֡

ȷǳ͢ҪҵǸˡһ˹һۣȥ֣ҪһбҪʱ򣬿ҹٸæ
ǡȻΪҪ˴µĶùٸֻΪѰһССѾͷ
ۿŶӣϵı䲻ᣬҲƽӣԷ˰ɣɡ
лл
ȴûа֮⣬Ů޾
ǡصĵͷҵδޣѾӦ֮󣬼޸ҡ
ˣСֻڸ֪һʵɲѯ
Ȼ۵Ķӡ
أͬˣ
ôСĺӣĻԼ
ûзԾˡҧص


054

СС˵Ǳ󣬵ҲûбŰһ·ˣĸ󺺣֮󣬺ǻ͵һˣͦġ
ֲá
ǿϷͻԵģȻĿĶҲʮɪ

ĿǰƾССһ˵ͣѲģǰǰа˸ˣĸ󺺣ݸ߸ӣһʿһŮˡ
ҫˣҪǰҫ͡
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ϼر߹صĽǷһִģʵϣĹٽ磬һسǽضǷϸѡģңѵҲ֮ʿҫ꾭׸ҫ䴦֮У䲻ȴҫȺɽΪռɽͷԷǳе¡
һһϰյĵף
񡪡
ҫţ롱Ůҫ԰ģԶ
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ССҲţֻ֮ӺͻĹϵѡ
ӹˮСС˺ôһڣȻٽˮݻ˪Ůˣһ£ʲôʱſһؼҡ
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һˣϣԼֱ¶ȥʲôء
ϹҲںһҫǰɡ
ССοԼ
ֹ۲ԣǣССȷҲԲԡ
Ҫػأ˵ˣֻҪҫİճһŶ裬ͿԻر
Լǵεġ
ҲҪüǵεģˣԣÿһأһءڣƢûƢĹãϵı鶼ʼӲˡ
ʲôˡ
ҲҪʲôֻҪȥطɡ
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ͷ򷽹㱣֤ܿ˰ɡеΣѾ޷ǰŮӣȻ˵ģֻǡҪ߶һ£ôˣҲֻеùķݡ
ᡪ
Ǹùˡ
Ϊʲôֵĸо⻹ùʱ򣬻һ̣ӵĵù
Ǽˣ


055

ŵĺãССԽԽչԽתûͨĿ졣һУͰźõġ
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ʲôҪֻҪȥط˾ͳˣƫҫڵİεûаȫСһһûаȫУʲô¶޷ûȫΣûлĸյٺãٸԣҲ޶ȵġ
Ҳġ
ǹõļıôֻ˵ɹһ롣ȷǶģҪһѵģֻǣģȴ
ƽĲƽ˼ҵҲûʲôɫ԰Ͱһ㣬ԹԵĿžͺˡ
ֻҪþʱˣ뿪ˣʱͲҪĴѵĻˡ
һ磬㱻ʳһ
˵ļУ
ûòĵԲ԰׵ЩΣҫĹǣÿһյȴù
񣬺԰
һֵ֣ԣ˸ʽƷҲ٣ǡȴûа˿еա
̫ˣЩ˻ûгû֣ˡ֮ǼУ֮Իô˰ϼй䲻ΪԿٶֿԶģ⡣
ССϸƣ֣е˶һˣҪʲô죬̯λǰʼǮҲۣü۸ԽܣϾˡü۸̫Ҳ˵ʲôתߣһҡ
һǣǡ
ķ飬ȻϱһΪʲôҪȥҴңǲֹ֪ǿѯּۣۻ𣿡ĳЩ˶ԣ̵Ȥء
ǲ֪Ѿ⡱
˶ССһЩ飬񣬾㲻Ҳܸͬܣõġɡ
ССתգգۣʵȻˣʲôʱǲſԻȥ
ȥ𣿡һƲ
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ԣÿЦ
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ǹȣʵλòıոԾı󣬵ǣյģȴӰ족
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ãŲҪ̫Լ뷨أ˼֮£ǸܣȴƫƫԼ룬ʲôӡ
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ۻΪǸССūͣҲͶˣǣţһ취Ѱġ
ԿɲûûΣֻȱٴ˵ĹذԴǰˡ
İ֪ģůġ
ò̧ͷ죬һۣޣðΣ˿ڣһ˱һд㣬ҫΪѣʱɹһ˳е
ССգ𾪿Źã˵⻰ʱЦŵģЦǰʥ·һҫ
ˣ㡪
СܻҲ׬ģΪΪնıһֺηء
ˣͽ֮ˡ

ˡ
һ嶯ССԵƿڶҪǳ£Ǻأô죿£ǹõŮŮӡ
ˣҲͽˡÿѣУȴвزסįңһգϣһˣܻϵı䣬Ҳܸů۹⣬ƮԶ
Ȼ
ССԶù뿪ߣᣬվڼԶĵطǣõĻһֲй˫ӣ΢΢һĴһ
ССƼˣеʹࡣ
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̥ҲһʲôԳһЦԼҲ˵ˡ
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ܿĴ򶼿ˣ񣬹ܿһС
ô
ôԿһСССҡͷһ˿׵ĿֻҪŵһ죬ͲӦÿƣǰеǶȫİˣͲǡ


056

һ·ֱأѰ֮󣬽ҪҵˣȻѾһˡ
۵˲ûֻǡǵ׷·ССһ·Զˣ׵뿪ˡ
ٸһ֣͢мѰ
ÿһ˵طұµǰ̽һ֪̽ССڻ
˾ǰɫһֱÿüͷԼӬˡ
ʡʡϡعԱŵû۶һۡ
ԶڻʳǵĻǺʱģû֪ͨ
˵ϻǰͷ·Ҫϻҽˡ
ϻҽˣ
˭
ҪӵǺˣ΢Ը͡
͡Һݵһۣ£ڲŹ˶õʱ䣬㱻˽ߣҪã޲桱
齵ҵεġ
ΰҲίڻʳǵʱѾ˵飬עġҪģı֮ǲģָơ
ǹʦҲͨ
һУ£ӭӡ
ѲССһÿԷŹһ鲻ãⱱңҲʧӰ١
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£ûмǲ·ҵġ
Ȩߣֻǡϡͷе
˲òӡ
ۣɨһˣе˶ˣ
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һ
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˳ʳϴ֮⣬ģԸͲ֮֡
ڻûаССҲδĸ˾Ȼ൱ĲУԶ컹ߵĸףа첻¡
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Ůѡǳĸ֮־״ʹǱŮǣ޷ıǣһʲôĺӡ
࣬Ѻӱ
ǣϡӦǣǰ־ҪԻеȥ˭֪ԵķӦ඼˺ôһܣת߶㣬ССȫûоĺݵ࣬ƣⱲĳһ㡣
ѺӽҡȰ
ҪҡͷҵģҲŲҪǡ
ģ
ۣǰĺֱƣһͷѩ׵ķ΢΢ټƣסΰѣ˵ģ䣬Σյˡ
ֻҪе㳣ʶ˶֪ˡ
Ҳˣǰڶӵǰ
ϣȮӻС£ˡһŭ˻ϣҲסԶԶѺӽǡ
ҪǾǿҡͷδӣҲŲҪǣ˭ǻϾͺ˲ǻϾͿ˵𣿡
ʲô
ڳˣĻȵŴͣ졪һӸ˵Ļ𣿾ԭͯ޼ɣǣ˵ǵϡ
ʲôʱδӣ˭㣬࣬
ҪҪš
һ䣬ҿʼͷˣ뿪վڻǰƿ㵹Ǻеӣޣ˭޵Ů㡱һᣬԺһ
ССССԱۣ˫ֱ̫󣬱ŵˣɰӣʵţѵܲģСһţ۵Ŀ


057

СС
ǸŮ˾׵ľŮһô˼ҵ
ſ
š
һһСˣڱ˭̬ȸΪǿӲһԷ¶ԦĻҲֻվһԾ䡣
ſ
žǲšԼˣУҪĻ޵۵ſңſң㣬ˣſˡ
졪
СǲҪˣһ˵ЮһʵıŮţǱ֪Сܹˡ
һ䣬һΣԱ˦˳ȥڿ֮еѾڷҵĻС
ֿ죬ŲĿΨһĶˤһƢãɲǴ˵ѡ
ǵŲܶԷ˭кӹ
亹Ӷϻ£֪ˣ÷ѾһѷССѰʣҪ㵽ҵͷˡ
Żˣȴ۴еĻԡĺϻ۵ۣúõĿӣһΣͲôõ
ǣһúõĿȮӡӦǡ
ջأŻеСޣŷ۵СճỨ޵˺ѷΣüͷһ죬ޡ
ϣǲֱģС㻹Ǹޣ»ྡԵȰ衣
ֻһһ
þãһҲҲððȻж˺ðΣ˵ڿˣ̧һ˫ۣǰȻİˣԣһεĳ
ѽѽ˵ŷҸ
ſҡվסˣ
һʹ˶һۣԶ֡
Զûк֣ˣҪٲιԶֻ޵ġ˰ԺͰ˯֮⣬ֻʣ°ˡ
ҪǲԱ˯һֱޣһֱޣ޵ˣҲһֱ޵ġ
ˣ
ޱĿŻ޶΢΢鴤ССӺͿСһĨɫõ׶ȶ˶
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֣ҪȥٶһΣҲסˣ첽·ȥС֣㲻Ϸšڳ˵УҲֻлˣһСǰȥκΣҲáȥ׼Եġ
ǡӦǣתȥ
ˣȫΪһС׼ʳ֪ԭССŮȻǻϵŮ졪ôһ룬СС񲻾ǻϵŮˣǰǶССôݣôã֪᲻ǳ𰡡
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Ҳû̫
ССԶ˵Ц֮ǣԶ档ţԷССԣҲƭԶԶķǻϵŮҵֻһߣȫ׸֮·ǲԶ
дǣĸУ㲻֪鲻Ҳ㸮жʧģѰطССҲ̫̫ƽƽᣬ۲˲
һ˲䣬ʼԥ׶Բԡ
ǸΪ׸Ҫ߽ݾ
̿֡
ҵˣٸҺúʡ
ιñģǲҲˣɵĴĻһ˫Բ۶Ŀܡ
һޣұ뿪ңͬһ롣
Ե֣յôҲϷſ
úõĴţҲȥǣҪʲô׼ͷ
ʲԸԹ۹֪ССҫһϱϼӣϾҪǱҫڣССء
ϹڶִҫͻԱ޺ô
ʱˣҲˡ
ͷûзҲз֮ԡ
ͷɲ̫ȡرǶԷҶԣֱ練ơ
Ψһ÷˱ԴĵģҲΨзССһˡ
񽫡֮˿ѹ
񽫡֮ޣضҪ˿ɽ⡣
򡪡
ϱܿ࣬


058

ճӳȾҫء
峿ѵĵһ˼Щ븡ССԵƺʲôҪһ㡣
ҫӹúƽֻǡ޷ƽ
ߣ˯ô˯úá˯ãҪ˵ãˡ
СС⣬Ѿĵҫ֮շתס︮ΪҵĿˣҫĿˡ˵һУΪҫ롣
һȫȻԼΪıеĺԼԼĺù٣һİգҪġ
ССݲߡ
ǶԹõĽһڵȡǵŻҵҲǳ͢ˡ
ġǸˡ
ţᱻССǰİѾͷЦЦ
ܶҫ̫ĸ顣㣬ǣң޷ߵøɴ࣬ûн
˵
Լڸߵλãˣƽȵġ
ǣǰѾǣñǽԸ߳һȣǰѾͷȻһƽ̨ϵġ
ѾǰССĸ죬ü񣬾£Ҳ֪һֱӾ͸Ϲˡ
ˣǲʲô£ôһģ͹ˡ
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۶գգҪĶȥĵطҲߵòˣȥǴͬС׵ĵط
û˵ȥˣ֪ˡ
ء
Ը˵Ҳʣ⣬Ҳ緹һȥ
֮СС湫רõһ·ǣ·ҲԽԽƫƺɽ·
ˣҪȥСС̽ͷƣҫ죬ĵط͸ˡ
ССȥҫϱкβͬ
ͬ϶еģֻǡбҪȥֻǡֻǸͨ˰ǽ½죬Ҳһ¾ŮҫİոаȫУӵŽᣬԣǿѰ
֣ǰλĺܻ׽㡣
ңһ׽סͲϷš
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ˡ
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öҲԾˡ
СС

ССЩˡ

ͣһͷıŮӣͣ˳ͻĶССòͣü죬ͷĳ³ңǰǰĺ¼ѣ򣬺ĶͲ֪ȥˡ
У쳹ţ˾ÿֲССԼؿڣڴڵĺʲûÿ£һ֪ͣղŵжôΣաô£ô£ʲôˣ
ССʵĻÿЦѣٲͣССͷҡˡ
ͷҡ
ôܣûҡͷ

ˣС΢΢һ죬ԡԲŶոһЩˣûע
ôңʲô飬ССﷳǱ˰İĹȣҲûд޴У󳳴ֵģֳıȻʼ֮˸ӵĵ塣Ҳ޷ǰŮӣǸСŮӣңǸСŮ

ȷͦģҵклҵҲһҵˣŮƺѡ
ǡ
һΣȥ֮ɿԡ
һӣڱʹ뵽ˣģһءΪʲôô࣬ûѡˣ֪Ͱһˣ٣ܵҲĵط
ء
ССڿޣᡣ
ٶƶԼƣʱʱܳڸпɹЩ⡣


059

㻹ûܶ
һ֪ССȥ㲻롣
ô㵽ɽҲûãһ֪ˡҹþ޻С
ɽʳɮ㱻סһҲҴˣö֮ڣֻ˹һۡ
ǡǸССƿڣЩ޴룬ǧ飬ǻᱻȥġû뵽ĳ棬ҽ֮⳰⣬˵ʲô
λǱˡԲ԰׵Цһǽ쳯֮ϣȴҲ
үǰƵĶͻȻһĲ֮͡
££񡱡
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¡
ҧҧȥɨһۣٽССϣ㵹ߵͦԶ
Զ٣ûԶҲ
ã˽ԽŮҫֻƲ𱱹᲻еùߵĺֵǰ
ٶȽҵŮƿ
ʣҫ޹أȫǹһɣССǹ˽ҫ͵ģҫ޹ء
԰԰ССһĵͷӦͣ˵ûдҫûйϵģңҲԼԸġһ䣬˵С
㻹˵̺ŭȻգۼ䣬СС˹ס֣ϵı飬ԽµĺŵµĶΣԼŮƲ£Ըҫ㵽ʲô
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ҲûаŮƲ¡ССԾӲ֪õı⣬»˷֮⣬Ǹ溺ӣΪ˰һС˵ս˭ûкôֻǰڻһʱˣЩӹ˻һȥģ˵ǲǰˣ˵գͳգۡ
ԣû⡣
СС˵ǡ
벻ǣ۾ῴ壬粻ҫڣΪʲеʣȥ֮һ㡱һɣתסССãݲ׷޲ϣһΡ
ѣǾ档
ǣʡòĿССߣֻǡٶͽȻһУݣ֪١

һ·ϣССҿڣ̫µŭѾǿҵܸ֮ܵ
Ҵ˲࣬һѼٵٶȷر
ؿѴ׵ͬý뱱ʱһ㣬ȥɵķرСС״֪ĹؿҲȫȻãģ䣬ûʲôطǽȥġ
ȫȻͬĹ硣
ؿرֱӽػʳǣĶһƿԡ
̣ҫرֱʳǣ̡
ֱڻʹ񹬣ŭ𣬱˺üµŭǱˡ

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ǣ޷ֹǲܼ֮¡
ңҲһͳеصΡʹһҲϧ񣬡㲻ңұΪ롱
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롱һۣССʧɣûа˵Ҳ׼ȥϧٶȽ˦ϡ
СССˤˣһСȫһ
˵˵˵㵽ҪʲôҲƢģôȫ˵˿ˡ˵ҶѾ˵ˣ˵ҲˣҪŮû⣬ǲ׼㶯ҪǸʮ֮ǰͷŮҾʹ뿪һΣҲŲ㣬ֱӵϹȥߡ
ˡ
˵ʲô𣬸ߴһֱӸͷССԾĳһ졪òҪɡ
һ
Ҫʲô
ʲô㡱ҧгݣ䣬ҲΨǰ֪ôϡ
㡪㡪㡪ССɫһ԰ףʿˮ졪ӷ롪ͬ
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060

ȴƺĻСƨƨˣҲǳҪ飬ϵʹð֣֮ͣ
βʹҲǻþ
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ߡһߡ
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үһƼ֣ѧ·ءѾߵúˣûǣţһ˻ҡҡλεġ
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СһԳƺˡ
ǣǾͽ԰ɡСС߽һһСӣܸңʲô𣿡
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061

һ£úܿ죬ССҲԼ㣬ԻûʲôģгסʲôҪģǷҵ̬ϣסһӣʮ׳棬Ҳ̫
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062

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063

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