ãصС˵ www.27txt.com ӭȥŶ
վԴתԻ˲κθ,֧棬ȨУ





[]粻Ⱦ(1~31ȫ+4) BY



粻Ⱦһʮ﹬ ߣ

ӣ֪괵һںԴϽﻻİ٣Σ
ţ
ѽˣֻ¥ᣬռ֮⡣
ɼЦʵҪã
ΪԥЦ˵ĪĪҲһʱԻ黹
รɼӣİ˼Ϊ֮Ҫʫʮ־У¥֮ڸȱƽİһЦ˵ȴоóϲİ١޵츳¥Ҳá
ǸлѶ֮ءôǽˣ
ԣûлػһ˿Цݣܵ

Ǵİپһֱ¥֮ڣҲҪع


ϸ׷ɣܾïʢΧƵĹҹڵλԼ˼ĺˡ
ˣһж׼׵ˡһæµĺСͣеĶȻ˵
รΪ˵ӣ΢΢һЦĻйһϮΣʮкŵɣڵͼ¶ıֻȥɣ
ǣСﲻЦģΪ˻겻ģҲֻλٵˡ
Ī˿ʪ֮ѡ
ˡСЦȻ첽ͤ⡣һµѳɡȻһ뿪


Ȼϸţû¹ǣΪʮĹƣֻΪ˳ҲֻΪټɡ첽ǰӰ
ɣԼʱһСξ룬֮˼峡ԭΪֻһ˰ԼֻһˡΪǸǣȴɼƮɵĺѣԵȱ
ĺƴǡ
˵ţ˼֮Ļ䡣


Х쪣㡣ӣ˵ǷΪˮ
죬뽣¥̸ͤȴһꡣУ⡣
ԣɼǼıӶ£˼˳룬ûлش⡣
겻ǲ֮ͬ뷨ˣתУԼ͸¶ǳںĿ
±ӵͬʱӲЦ
ҮЦеȫòڰ
ޡߵͤߡˮϲΪǵϢ£˴еԸ𣿡
ѽǲ֪飬ǲҲ޷ѽ
Ŷգ˼ΩĻ˵tˣ
˵Ҳɲ⡣
׷ڵϸ꣬ʪƮİɫ䣬ëƤϣҡӣţҲЦšʶܰ׾ƮݷֻҪһҲɾ
ǲɲĸ飬ֲ죬֪أ
ԣЦߵԡ֪ܲ
㰡תཻ꣬û뵽ϣɷ㲽µƵĺ־Ըʵ˾壬Ϊѵңƺúúһ
˵ˣ֮ܵͣʵĪĹ١
У㲻¥ޣеˡ
紵룬΢˽ɼưͷһӣһˮļմʪУֻڵģǡ
޵ֹýӸе档
ⲻǺ֮ΰˣ
ţִסˮѵ㲻𣿡
ѽ߸ĸ֪ǺѽӰ
⵹ҽɼҡ


ļžϸԵôأʶݸ
Ͳ֪Ǿ䡺㰡
ϲ˽̸ʱÿԼвͬʱܻķʽԼȻ󻺻˵뷨


ѩ׵Ӱ̤ˮŹɡһӽ̨ͤף˱ȴ


ӣ̨ͤΣ
̨ͤ⣬ȴб¥֮񣬵Ϻͤ⡣ƽڸԵסѳϰߣҪٶཨһۻ֮
ǲϲˣ
ҲֻǺΪλὨ̨ͤ
ѽϲƬ֣ÿÿҹˣϸ׷ɣеʮɨˡټ˽Ϊͬ߷ڣֱ꣬ҲϲĻԱڴ̨ͤ
ϲҲذ˵ߡ
ҮڽĴ˵У겻𣿡
˵ʵ
ǰ˵ʵɲǴ˵ѣ꿴ͤкر֮޽˵Ļתڴ˳ɵ֮ͤϡ
͡
ѽġ
รҵȤһ
֪֮ܲЦҡͷʾʧ
ֲ޵Ķ棬֪
겻ǳ棬ȴɡɣкβ֪֮£
ǰɣ
Σ
ߣʥޣǹϵĴ˵֪ǰֻֻǲΪصĳ汲
۸᣿úúã˵Ǿǡ棬֮¥ޡȶ֮ȣ֮Ц䡣
ǿΣ
ǿֻҪɼ˵ǣ¥˵ԣ
ⲻص㣬ûش⣬ԣ
ѽ˺档
ͷΪֹҵĺ֮ģ
úúã˵ǡʵ֮ͤζζ꣬Լ𽣷˵㶦һҲ˵ϣ˵ܹ档
鵹ʮָж
ˣ
⹬ķ񲢷ȫ¥֮Сʮ﹬˸е⣬ȴص޲ڡ
֮⣬ϲˣ
ûɡ
޲ɿЦ
ע벻ҽɼֻǼ˵˾仰¥㻶ϲ
˵أ
ǶԼҪԸе⣬ҵԼúÿԼˡ
һҪ⹬ȱ겻ɰ
㽫𽣷˵ںδأ
㶦ǲȱһ֮ҪһԱ
Ҫʧˡ
ô˵
Ҳ֪뺣ɱڸɮĲ½ѡ˱ޡͼ徻ϲ̫ǣҲѵõҵסѰο˹ģ
ʵ֪𽣷˵᳣Ž˴̨ͤѽǻϧὨͤİ
дͺãԸԺܳ˵ء
ǰҲԸ˵ԶᡭԼ𽣵Ӱڡĩһ䣬˵Բԡ


ǰͤڹݸͤӽã𽣹Լϣ˵˵ٲȻΪ̸£Լ֮
ر峿ܷ磬ɹʱԵȻÿһ䣬ȴϸ׷ɣǲͣҹɡǰڹ֮£ǰΪ֮¡
ʱҹҲл뷨һŮۣҹ棬ԲĻ͵֮СͲ֪ΪϰԼҹ
ϲ곹ҹ̸ҲϲͣʱǳյôعȻ̾
̼ǵΪҶϵλͣҲͻȡ˴ﰧ̾ĳޡ


ӣҹϸ׷ɣʺڴЦ̸¡
Ц̸£Ȼʵģ˵ЩĻѡ˵ţ˰ɫ䡣
еɷϲѽ㲻Ⱦӹ̸Ļ⣬ȷİ
ӣؿҪҵ¡
ҮҵĿ޵֮˵ʶѡѣ뵽ȥˣ
ţҲˣ˵ӡʱ뵽һԵŮ֮⡣
ѲҲһ֮䣬˵أ
㰡ָڶһЦû뵽޻ǵöǰ飬ǵһεʱ˵Ļ
ΣһĻʵںץסӵ֣˵뷨ȻҲֻǸЦš
Ǻü䡣ӻһӣȻ
֮֮£ǣ
Цſٻػţ޵Ļʱͺá


еĲٴ֮Ĺ䡣ûյ֣ȴ¥رĹƣϮеķ񡡻
ɣҲǲ֪Ȼ̨ͤΪԼơ޲ᣬҲ˵ɼҲֻġ


ڹ֮£ѿѩ׵ӰɡԼⷽһЦʫӣˮС
ҹеǶ겻ľϸƮݵΣ˵ѣһɣ

δִ̨ͤǰԶԶϤſӽʫ䡣һ̨ͤ󣬱ɡߣӣ漴֡ˣǧɽɫһ翼䡣
־䣬ϲѣ֮ʫ䣬Ȼ˾ף֮оƮƮ
޶£Ͻϣ΢üǾñط꣬ҵ𣿻к⣿
ĺ⣿ȻǳϵϾˣҲλڷ˸˰
಻һ겻ֺαؽԼ˵ί
ɷͻȻڻȻ֮ʱ졣޵ԼʱֻЦŻظʱ
ǰ̼ǵãǰ£¥µζ
㻹Թ£
ɼʮƽվڻȻ֮Ǳޣ˵¥磬Լżȥ⣬漰֮¡
ǰȴͷ𽣷˵ǰɽд֮εУﲻʱ͸¶еļͣĲζ
ꡭȣһͬɽˮ
ϲĲ¥Ū£˴𣿺ѣʵΪеǡ
Ǻ£
һ֪Ƿ־֮ˣ»ʧеư
ѽǻ̿֡ôʱΰĽɼ¥쵼ǧٵұ´ʡΪ˾漴硣
㰡֪Լ̵Ĵֻ弰񣬲ϲʽĽ׼֣֮ȴֹᵽ쵼֯һ¡
ΣͰԼƺš
ҪҵΣ޷ʹøɽ
֮飬ССɱ⣿
ѰԼΪĺ֮ôССĽɼ˵ΪҲԵ̧̫Լ
ᣬ˵ˣ
Ҳֻ¥繬ҹϰ΢ҿסߡ
ΪϨеĹƣ꽣ȼеķž
ʵÿɼ¥ڹҹʱͻҪĬ짽ɼ丽ĹϨֻΪ˰ס¡
ž𣿿Լžˡ
ָǡ
¹ʥԼͩĽ֮¡
¥˲ɫһ½Ҫ̸ıһ¡
ͩĽ
Ҳ֮У꺱֮
ָ󣬽ɼĽƷΪͬ͡˵û뵽¾˱仯
Ϊˣ
𣿡ԥˡѣδ˵ǰ⣿
תƻ⣿
Ҳд֮ĵ뺭ʵĵĺڴ
ร¥Ϊɣ˾ƣΪϡ˵ֻǵҪñ꣬һ˼ѣҮҮ
ȴְ¥Ȼ֮ľ벢ԶҪԹ飬ҵ壬°
ǰȴ಻ҺƤǰȥ߶ϲꡣֻ¥絯٣õһ֮˼
˵٣֪ϰˣ
֪飬ƣǵʵ̣˺ѵĺ١
˵ⷬԹ֮Ҫˣ
Үźǲôķһ˹¶ްˡ
ް飿¥֮ڣһɷС飬ҲĹĬػ¥޺ֻӰ֮˵ȱٽƣ
û꣬Ҳ֮飬뷨֮ԣ᲻ɣѵϽͲܴڼįĻȻ֮𣿡
ع⣬ǰҪ̸ʲô
Ҷ֮

ɼ޵оʱҲ޷ס³ǧ˵ǵľ䣬ȴ쵼һͬΪԭ¡ÿ¥֮Ū£һȫȻմȾ쳾֮ôĵӣ
̸۴֮ǰܷһССҪ󣿡
£
δԸΪᴵһ
ʵڻȻ֮ĸо¥޷õġҽսɼǴǰ˲ڱ˴ɴ
ͨ㣬ǰŪմϽǰҪҪİ٣Ϊ˴֡
һ겻㱻ļįɵһŵ֣ԣ֮ޣ֮ð
һѡ
ıתΪͣ΢΢Цһ겻ʵҲλ뼺ཻĺѡȡϵĿ㴵ӣëƤϣλȾİӴʱ顣
ӣڿˡ


Ϊɼ
΢Цעе߸죬

²ϵӿͷ֪ʱķӦ

_______________________________

粻Ⱦˮ ߣ

ݻƵҶ紵Ʈˮïܵ«ݶҡ
ʢ


ٷޣһѩأҲ֮øлߵʴȣ֮ˣ

ᡢһװҡȣͷһ·̾εɫˮ֮󣬸ڴƬãã
ȱ˻֮Ҳص֮

׷ﾹطصġ⣬ͻȻҲ̡
ڻ֮£ڸһĻأʵΪʺأ߼䣬ǲһ
ɪɱ죬䲻ٻʢǧĴշɷϣﾰʵһֲ˵Ǹ̾ǰﾰأ
գΪﾰؿ˼ƽŪµ¡
ǱˣԵø̫СתǹڼžǰףҲνĻ̣һ˵ջǾ
ȫŴʱҲ֪ͷţ
ǰǒ{ѩӰڶɿڵ˲䣬漴ֹס˽Ų
֮˲Ϊ⣬ֻעź潫ʧĴӰ

󣬰ɫưڳһƬҲֻáؾݡ
紵ƮƮ٣衣һ֮ٶȳǰϲ롺ءԵˡǲֵԲԣ¶Ϊ˪νˣˮһ

ȴֻź棬ǣҲ
Լϴյԡλѣڴ˵ȴ˻ߡδ˵꣬۽ѿںʧСۡΪУ


ʻ䣬޴ӲϸټϣĮƮƮ䱳Լбжϣ֪ǽ֮ˡʱϲ૵ˮΪΪǣףɫ˵˫
һˣ֮ڿۿһϮѣӵУ̸ȴоóǫķǡ
ѽĪᣬֻΪ˴磬Ҫ̾˵λĽˮ˰ˡæ͡
˳ĬĻ
䲻ˮ˳ΣѲλӣʹ׷߲ϧˮѰ١ֻǵ뷨ûĺ⡣ЦҡȽͣȻЦЦעİˡ

Ƕ룬֮⣬ǿڵһϮΣҲ˸е׸𣿡
รЦ벻˵ôֱӡ֮ᣬƮ䣬Ϊˣ
ʡˡ
ţ˴˻һ޶еˡν
˼˶ߣνĲ֮ԡ
ร޷˾֮漴˵˵Լеĸ룬ȴΪ֮ԣǼ֮£
˭涨һҪܻԻӦԷνķθ֮𣿡
û䣬˱͸еһòǸº֮ˣֺԶԼ˵Ĳƣ
񣬸ǳģʽҵͬĿȴȶ˵Щ滰Ϊά֮˵Լе뷨㰵ҷǷѣʶǣ׼ںδ
ҲҲû⣬ˡʵ벻ӣ˵˵Щ΢ķ̡
Ҽɶˣֺ뱣Ϊеķò
ţ˼Ω£ƺԵ仰еĺ⣬ǲһЦǲɶԸΪˣ
кβ𣿡΢Щ
ҮȥԶνߣ꣬¼ߣȴޣ糯֪˷֪ڴһٶֻأֹ
֮Ҳ׷֮ˣ
Ƿֻ֮֮ҵɽԶ⡣νߣ·̿޲ˡ
֮Цˡ
ЦؿǸղ֮ˣһЦʹ޽ֵ˵õɣԶ볾Ʈɾտգһ֮ɰ

˷ǫʥ˾䲻ж˼룬ȴҲЩ֮ʵΪ
Ļ滰ⷴ
һǳԷθĻ
ѽѽⷬʵǲ
֮УѲȱ˾ķǣ
Ү仰᲻֪λشꣿЦҡͷЦЦؿ
֪λشǾʡɣҲǿ
ԣЦ˵ѵ¥ƿԣǵһ
仰ֻǫʣʱֻظԭı顣
֮ģ
ģֳϿң˵˼ѵõҸúأҲҽԵˣ
ԣλˡϲ֮࣬ʵֵһ¡
ŶĻе⡣
ᵣǽһҽл棬붷֮ԼɾӺδ
ˡ˲ûлشʻ

һСζ˴⣬ƺˡҪĴƺе㵣ȥ
Ҳ
ҪĴô֮Ĵˣ
Ҳԡ
ôΪҪվڴ˰ϣ
ȴ
ǲ⡣ȴơ
˵ˣ
ţղ˵ҪҲǵˣ˷
ʻСѿ֮˱㲻ԥС
ꡭ
ǡ꡻ҪˣǡɼҪһ̡

⻰һЦÿģԭĮˣĬֱӻشԼ֣ȴķʽػظ֮Ϊ˶ˣȴҪȥһ¡
Ҫηǰȥּʡ
ΪɼסԭϷĻȻ֮ҪηǰȥͿ˼ˡ
Ϊɼ
΢Цעе߸죬

ˮȾ˫Եٻˡɼһӣ漴˴
ꡭ֮ͬУСȴֻܳһˣֻٵһҴˡ˫֮˫Цû뵽ƫƧ֮أ
֮ռ֮ͷˡֻǼڷܲȾأΪʣȾƯɫʣٷ豹棬ǻ

վڰŽﳤȥԭղ顣ԭУҲǵˣֻεĵȴһҴѹشԼ⡣
øɼ

ȻˮˣõúúЧ¹ȥ׷Ѱ
Եٻ˵ô׾ͷ
˵



ڽӵ֣һʱ޵ʶ
˽һۣƽԼҪֻԸⴵһѵõġ󷽡ҲûжֻǾŽѵõᡣ
ǲɵãûȻ֮ʱĹ



΢Ƶһ֮ء
أԴת㻨ζһ񡣴˵رס֮Ȼ֮𣿡

һҵ˵ء
֮㣬ѰãȻ֮ڽšΪѶ˶ϣ첻ˣ뽣ʶѧշת̽ô˵ء
֮¥벻ԶΪûз⴦أ
ΪԼæ֮£Ǵ˵̫ܣνԵδǲŴ˵˾ס
̫Ĵȴź
㳯˼ĺŽɼӰһϢ̲ݻǰһ̽

һ·κӰֻ˵زݣɽˮȡƷɣľţ䲻Ⱦ֮˵಻ΪǸ˼֮ӦǾסڴˡ
˼ˣΪ˷ܣŲҲͲԾؿЩЩҲһ飬ϳ˵ṦȻ֮ŶԣȻȴѡһһСӽɾ


һɼվڻȻ֮ͤ⣬ңƮĸƶʱ˼
šɫ
˵ɫ䣬Ȼǵͷ˼
𣿡
ں̧ͷա
գ֪ţϢϢ֮ˣٶȳԼǰ



ˬȻ֮·ķһ㡣¥ּ룬ǰƻãɾ
ѹֳڴ˵ĽɼƮƮĸо
Ǵ˵еȻĵŷ𣿡
һΪʽ֮˽˵ԸҲϣΪԹֻҵ̲ʹ°Ψһš

Լ̵·;һŵլԺǰʱΪͣ١ɽȱ󣬵ȴ
óȻݷ𣿡
˲ԥЦ¥Уݵν֮£
֮סͲܳΪ¥еźܴ֮Ե֣
첽еȻ֮ӳģĨѩ׵Ӱڹơ
һĻһľϲ˴Զ볾ɾ̬Ʈݣһؾ֮š
ôϵ˵ػûΪɾˣ

ţɼ֮
㡭޸˵ǰ

ɼһЦ־þϲû뵽ñûаԼˡ껹ǵ᣿
Ѱ˵ضʱˡ
֮ǣ֪Ѱ֮ټˣ
ҲֻǴϵı²ѰҴ˵ضʱ
ô˵
Ϊдһ֡
֣
ϲ
ԣ޹Ц⽣ɼ̬Ⱥ֮ǰĮȻͬࡣ
Ц⣿
ѽ벻֮˼ڣױ㱻СǸҵΪֵĳ¡
ϻȥǰҲ˵Ų֪Լ治ֵ֪ĺţȻ֮Ȼ֮к¿ɵǣ
ڶμ棬֮뷨ôָαһ˽
󣿡ӹ⿴
ǰɵĽУʵǵԼȫڣѿ͸
š
ɼ˵ţͤϸǰĿţ׷ʵ
˵ȫڣѿ͸ǲ֮ọ̇̄ȴ˽ǵ˵ǿʧ𣿡
ʧʧ᲻ƽİˣ

㣬ңƽ˼һӣԵС¯˻𡣡ߣҶԲ²ûȤͣҲܴ˵ıΪ׶Է롣Ϊ׵㣬Ұ֪̽˼
รԭ֪ҵˡ
˵¥ʱұ֪ǽĸʢ֮ס
Ц
֮֮ȴԼ֮¡Ȼڴ˻Ȼ֮ڣἰ˽̣ƺòԾһЦҲȻȫΪ˴ˣڡ

ЦҸеڡ
ΪѰ֮ټ˵Ƕеڳٳδ֮ϢʱֻʳѰһ֮飬ȴܲɫڴңڡ
ôһĻıԹˣ
һЦһԸԹ˭
䣬˾ͱ׷ڣ׷ڲ¡ЦţȻһӣ¯ϵĲϣɼֵӣˮһвҶСڡ
ǰ׷棬ʵԹ֮̾顣
ֹסԹ̾𣿡
ͤ¯עĮĽΪ֮ʵ¥֮ҡҲİԹʶʱֹͣ
ӣؿظղ˵֮
Σ
еǣǾʶˣ
Ү䲻ʶһղ֮棬֮ãһ֮ң
ܳ£Σ
ǰȴĥ֮İ
Ҳգֻ˵Ϊ衣
仰ԵΣ
ûֻ޵ʵᡣǷθ֮ԣҲö֮ص

Ȼ˵Ҳ׷ʣΪԼ˼ʵɻΪޣ᲻⡣Ц˵
ӵݵǰ룡
Σ
ʲôΣ
Ү治֪ǹⲻ᣿
รΪһ𣿡
ѵ֮£
˳Ȼɣ
ѽǲ
ԣɼһ
ôˣ
ҲֹǲҲ
αôأ
࣬ǲϻȻ֮ˡ

ҲԣһҲࡣ˵ţʾͬȻʵƷӻƴ˵֮ͬˣ
รҸ˵ǻǷƣ
ư֮ˣΪҲԸΪϻ
ߡϵšϣǾУôˣ
˵Цˡ΢ЦŽӡʵ᲻ϲ·϶Щɫװζѡ
㵹ռҵıˡ
˵
֪
Ǳˡ¥ֹЦ
ԽɼԼ֮Ĭеϲǵһ׿ȻȺײеį뷦ζ֮ˡ



գ˼ԶߣӲ
ѽע⵽ֹͣ˴ĿԼϡԲסæ
ѣȥˣϽϡ
ΣҲǲ֮ϡ
รⲻ֪뵽ļˣԼǰ̸µļ£
껹ǵһϻȻ֮𣿡
ңԶļ䣬ܼޣҲֻ˲Ż᲻ϻɼһ
Ҳǵ°ѡ
ȴûϲġϰߡ
ǰ֮˲Ż˷룬ߣЩѳΪ̡
˵ɣ뵽ˣ
ӻƴһ¡
νƣƶСǸÿǰߣϲ֮Ҫ
ԭ¥ΪӱΪĺڡ
ѽϧϧǰǵһεĬҲ˵ˡ
ҪἰĹֵң
ֲֺ֣ܹꡣ֮ĳλ뵽أ
˵˵ȥ㻹ǹֵͷˡ
÷һء
뷣£
뱭ΣԼ񱭵ݵǰ
ѽѽӹ˵
С¡¥һӣһԻ¯ָһᵯϵӷɳͤˮڷɻصͤڵ˲䣬ϣڻ¯ϷľƱ˳ˮȡ
µľƣܡ
ȴΪ֮衣
֮ǾƾʱΪݲˡҲ޲ɡ
˾ƣȴ֪ܷ֮ģ
ӱܶֻ֮󣬸˵˵˰ɣ
Ҳǡε

Ļ䣬վǵ̸Ļ⡣
λȾĺҲԼһ޷ȫ
ȻĹ˱ȾϲͬɫʣνĲ
ɣ֪ΪӵȾϲǸñ
֪Ϊ֮¶ʱ޷˵ܡǲЦЦעǰ뱭ƵĽɼ
þ֮ŵԭ֮£οأӺѡ

ʮ﹬ƣϨ
ҹڲ࣬˵ģҲֻн¡
Ķڸпš 

____________________________________________________

粻Ⱦһˮ ߣ

̸յĽ£Ȼ̸֪޷ȡȫϡжڽӷŲаΣһ£Ϊ޸е⡣

ĥţֻҪһе£ζŽӼ뽭ô˼ĿǰĹϵҲῪʼ仯޷ͬǰһķ֮

ص¥磬ɷǰӭӡˣˡ
šֻӦ޲ûж
鲻𣿡Сɻɷ˵ķӦ޵
֯½еϢԼ𽣷˵ֽ븲׾֮£ʹõ¥˵òԡΪ˴ΥѵĻ棬ǳڴ֮£ƺⲢûãʹΪ
Ȼû˵Լ뷨Ҳ֪ڷŽΪж뽭һ¡

ЦֱԼķȥһͬĬֻɷһۣû˵㽫ٴϻ¥ɷ״ʵǾҪ뽭ˣ

һʣԶ˽Ųûشֻϸɸֹ貽龲ɵΪһףСĩЦԵðٰΡ
ǲкֵýΪɵٰɵѱȾ֮̾
ʲôв龲粻Ⱦƽ
ֻҪ˺쳾ܲȾӵɵףԼк

⡭ɷֱӲԼΪкŶŨĹ֮⡣ʫʱصı䲻ΪɷҲ֪顣

⽭¥̨Ѳ١ָֻеֻǲƽɡ

ˣǽѱ̬ҪæˣȻʣҲܲµóϣܴõ֤ʵ

ķҲһ֮뷨ҲáԼˣߵΪر׼ķſڡ޽Ųһͣԥ֮ʣȴѲƿ˷šɲǼ䣬ǰģ¥ѵһĹӣ⴦ǵĴԵüΪͻأ

ǽǰס޵ķ䡣
üһ˼



ҪػȻ֮ˡ
ͻȻ˵ţŲΪ㶣һЦѽʱҹ࣬겻ڴͣ𣿡
Ƕ˱¥̨ӭЦ̸£һҹϸꡣ

಻Զ㻪֮ɡһѣأҲһ⡣
Ҫ⣬ҲҪΪѵͬ𣿡Ǻ㣬Ӳܸо⡣
Ҳͬһ⣬ֻңģʮʵûûˡ
Ү£ֻҪ꼴ɣһֱϲȻ֮ҹ
ҪҵĻȻ֮ҹˣӺĿ
⣬ǻӭǲӭ
Ȼ֮޴Ĳӭ֮⣿ֻǴĵȻ֮Ҳɫ
ֺαؼŻȥأǻȻ֮ıĹ±᲻úΪۣԺβů¥أ
รǰ㺮С޵ˣʺǳª֮ӣ̻Ի͵ɽ󡣡

һɽ֣Ц˵ȷǽ̻Ի͵󣬵ȥĻΪɽأ
ѣϲԡɡԼ
֮ףҲر׼ʺķ䡣̸ˣ޲üЦƺǳڴӿʱķӦ
ر𣿡ؿû뵽޻رΪЩ¡
ǰѡҪ¥֮ͣҲҪ൱׼ʹӴҰ
ң˵ܰװΣԼ˵Ȼͬᣬϰߡ
ӣɣ֮ٷ֮ǧѷ꣬кβԣ
ޣǷڿЩ
ҲǲϲỪסӲڴ˹ҹԣŴԾ֮һɼ

˵ɣԼټȥһ
ˣ޵֮˾ڻʵʹǷ޷ĸûʣȻƽĿЩڵ
ôֺαؾܾأ
ǾֻܾͻȻҪػȻ֮ڼΪҽ׼ɹ⣿
˵ˡûϵӻӦôˬ죬һЦ¥߰ɣ

ȵĹյ¥գնûҹȻΥﲻ˼˻µޣΪλϲֻյĻȻ֮ҹ޵ϲû
ΣԼĺѡཻ꣬Ըоõ޶ԼҲЩ顣

˼ʱһ¥ķǰֻ˫һƣӳľǺԼľӴΪƵİ񣬽һЦǷѾ˼סԼˡ
νر𣿡
꽣ɼ֮񡣡
Ц˵׷޾ԼΪ¥ӵķڣǸлѰˡ
ĸл͸óͣڴܳԼࡣ
ϡΪ̫Ƶʧȥԭζ
һĵϣʵǲá
รʢȴôӾȻˡ



ͣڴ˵صĳֿѣȴΪһʶ˶ԸմȾ쳾̾
¥Ψһذ

ǰЦ뽣ڹݱ𡣿ɽȥȴһ·Ĭ¥磬ֱɷ֣Ϊѵؿ˵
ĳأǽˣ

Ϊᱸ£ҪԡԵҪĬϨ⸽ĵƻҪһ˾ڽķ˼Ω
⡭ͨҹʱҲǵƻͨΪ˵ķڸԽѡϨеĵƻҪһ˶ķ˼ΩΪʱ磬ѲһԡҪ˷ڣ˽ҹҪڴ𣿡̽ʡ
ˡ
˵ţһӣ˫ָ󣬱ǰ벻ԶԼķڡ



һصȻ֮ĽɼվͤڣǶȴĹ͡
ޣĵʲô
ཻ꣬޸ȻĬţƽ⣬ȴǸ޷֮ˡµʥԼͩĽԱɱȴֲκηӦ⵽Ϊʲô
Լ㣬ǺԭֻԸЦƶɫ

˼͸ʲôҲ̸֣ɱ޹֮£΢ЦԼһĿ
ѵΪԼ޷еİΣԲԸΪԼѡΪлкοأ

ٱǰЦôһ仰ý˲ΡԣǸǸеΪ

ӣһ컻أ

ڶԼеһɵʹ㰡
·ϣ֮ԳأֻΪһ衣㲻Ϊ˹Ķ󡭡

ǵģǸΪףϲմȾ쳾µĺѣΪˣôƽյĬ˵Цˣ
Ц̧ͷǿաҶ𣿡

̸꣬£ŵĶ̵Ľ̻֮ȻԼֵΪ֮룬Ҳķ֮һټһƷţ׷ȴֱ¥磬Ҳ˾

һ뵽ҲֻԼĶģӲҡͷֻǡ
ѣѵ㲻ף⽭̫ʱҲøһ𣿡
Ȼϲеʶ֮ǰڻȻ֮ǸԼ֮ʱΥ

Ҽǵ˵ǰ쳾㵱뽭֪ŵǷӦ棿



ĺԶѽ¡
СϪ˳ߣֻ֮ʱƯ˵һ꣬Уһлˡ
ǰԴһδұ뿪֮ңɽˮһ䣬ʱ˵ǵָһ˲
һʱͷף̾ȴǶݣ֮󣬲ǹڻǸˮ
˴Ƕʥеɫ𣿡
Үӣһȱ˰ҡȣ̾һˮΣȴƺŹڸõ
ĺаܵľֵ·̾𣿡
꣬ҲĺаܵľֻεۼţȴʲôҲס
˵Ӻޡʲô
ţճȻյ񵭼žҲԵ龲
档
Ѻʲô
׷еĻɵ龲
ΪҪ龲ΪȻĽ
׷÷ôȡᵱУָƽ⣿
Ҫ޻ѣǡ
Σ
ɶ˻һ˵￴޳գԼȴΪȡ޻ڣҲ룬ֵ֮̾¡
Ϊ˻ķɶ꣬ҲԸΪĺˣ
ҲϧԼϣԶеΪҲԸΪ˻ķɶꡣ
Ļ

Ļʵݵĸпɶ˻ȴֹˡͷ
ѽȥմУһӳ졣ֻδȥһЦ硣ת˻⡣
ڻлˣ̸ʲôһӳ죿ޣ̸ܶҲѡ񡣡
ӣΣ̫ź߷
뵽ʲôˣ
ֻ룬һҿлѰ󣬷򽫻֮޶գ¥޽źױѰңֻһصԭȥȴ꣬ڲܵüӰʱҲһ֮ˣ

Զ׼ģǿܿ˻⣬ˣҲǿش𡣡ޣ㻰Ӱ𣿡
Ȼֻ޵ıҲǲ֪һ౻ָΪ˼˻Ե֮á
û޲Цš
֮ڲţһŮӿ굴Һˡ
Үѣ֪᲻Ůɫġ
Ϊǰ޵ˣʵ˻춯˵ͼΪΣ
֮İˡ
ԣҡͷҩɾˡ

ҽҲֻܼϵĴԮᡣ
㲻Ҫ׷ɵǲΪ֮£Ȱ㻹ǵǿǡ
Į

̸Щõķԡһ⣬ҽϵ
ѵûῪʼԼ£⵹ʮڴ˵ɣޱ֪޲ԡ
Ϊǳ𣿡
ǡ
Ƿνӽ˵ڶ⡣
ţΪԥûлشֻȻķ򣬻˵뱾ԣȴһ˵
Ǹ˳Ȼķ򣬶ˣ
Ȼ
ޣ񣿡ֲǰʹ֦ںԻȵ֮
ţΪÿڡ
ţ˼̲סͷĿ
ôˣͻȻôһʵ޸еԾ
ΪԤ˷ܱˣȴìˣ
ӣˣ
ֻĿ˵塣
ҲűԼʹҲ޲ɸı֮
ôеֻһ֣ձΪ鷱æӣҲͬһ֣
˵̫ʧȥҵˡ
ร
ӣæµǺ⣿ͻȻеԣæ˽ӡ
Ҫһ𣿡Цתͷǰߡӭǰ֮ͬС
صĽɼ˼޴޿Բµã
𣿡Ҫ˵أ˵޲ǸĪ⡣Ūأֱ˵ǡ
ϴ
ֻ˵Ժ˳Ӧôһͬ쳾𣿡
ţԣ޲üǺ֮ϣ𣿡
ȻΪѣͬˡ
죬ôɼǰ쳾¥޵뽭
仰棿
꽣ɼϣ¥ʧ


ǿޡ
ʵϸ˵ޱԼǸˡΪôһֱ֮

ͤΨһһյƣֻ޼ʱŻϡȴ֪ΪΣͻȻǹ¼ˣһƻ

Ҳñ׸Ⱦ½Ҫ飬֮㡭˼һϣ漴еıǽսĴ¡
̼ǲǰ𽣷˵Լ˵Ҫ׾֮£ûзԡΪ׷ʱѵ޷Թۡ

ǰôԨʵϢ󣬾ͲѶ֪ȥˣ
Ҳòģǵƾһˣ·ߵüһ㣬Ҳڲˡ

Ȼ˵Լͬѣɲ֪ΪȴִһǡʵڲöôûĲŶԣ룬һҲԼ˵Ƕˡ



żڽӷڹҹޣյ֪к־ڽӵķ

⣬˼Ƕʱ˼ϰԵֳ˿ˮ̣ڡǰڽӵķ£Ϊ֮ΨһľǽʹķڣȴҲ޷ƽ

䲻˵겻ϲ˵ϰߡ
ʮǰԱʳǹųˮ̵ϰߡӳʱı飬ûȴ׽ӱǲϲԼǷ֮¡
ֻǽӶȻȻû˵ԼĸܣҲӶҲʹᡣ

һ귢еᣬ֮ˣεķӦأ
Ϊ䲻𽣷˵ļ𣬵ȴҲƶ֮ʱ֪Լô˶ԴԼ

ҪģֻʥΪĻߣҪһֱʵԼԼȥ̰׷ЩıԣǿԼĵʥˡ
Ϊȴֿ׷ԼȻͬĽɼ

ʱҲЦԼԽӵһ谭Լǰɣȴ޷
ֻһ̰

ķ֮׷ĶܷȲνʥֺ࣬αȥ̰õԲڵĶì͸ˡ

ϸûʥ֮ˣܲȾֵʲôأȻʥ࣬øΪӽΪֲ˺쳾

Ľ飬һֱΪԼأ֮ﲻˣǻļкãԭ֮ҲԸ쳾ԭ


ǵģ谭ǰϰȴ޷ʹ˷¡

յĲƽΪΪУΪ쳾Ĺϵ𣿼Ȼӻƴô͸֮С


˵ţ̶ϣȻϨ𣬰߳ӵķ䡣
ˮðδϴķ磬ɢڷÿ䡣




粻Ⱦġ ߣ

ҶһԭֵĹŸɼһ⣬ȻΨ⡣

ɼһڻȻ֮ϵƶ䣬ʹ˲֣ܸܵϵȷѪꡣ

Ŀǰԭ԰Ц쳾ΪҶ¿˲һҵսۡӳ⣬ûвκж
أޡ

ǰһέҪؼɼ;Ȼ֮Ԯȴһͷ¥ȥڶһέǰȥ쵼ԭȺԿҶʱҲ˳ˮ۵д˷ƼȥޡֻôҲû뵽Ȼһ㶯ҲûУʵýӸеɻ

ѣӦ뱣ֳĬƲеĸԡ
ν˵¥磬ҪεķӦԶһέȥݷҲѹգȴûκϢ治֪¥æʲô
Ը£ĸԣȻ֮ٲȻҲٻӷⲻƽźʾ顣

ȴʲôҲû

ԴϻعһΪæŴһ¶Ͼ¥ݷãȴ޷ȥ˵ĻѵõĹҰʹ޷ɡ
Ҹһ¥С

ȻΪҲֻ˵˵ѣȴ޷˵Ǿ仰ʱ
ҹߣ˷֮⣬ˡ

ƽֿѣֻзޡͷʱʶ޼䣬ƺøΪ

ӶԷ𽣴ȱ֮һֱǳ𾴣δ˻ôִڶڶһҲںԼİΣǡԸ޼֮УֻһˡĺģýΪе벻ᡣ

ԼʹԼҲϲеӣ£Ҫʱѡһİݡ

ȻˣΪԣڿޣϲ̫׽Ҳڱ飬ûı¡Ҫ˵ܹԼϣҽܵģ»ˡ

ּΪ˻ηԼľʵЧȴϲеס

뵽ˣǾȥһ档ȻҪ㣬ôܲʾһ⣿
ϲǰԼҪȥ߶ܵ취΢һ¡⣬׼ȡϽͻȻо˻Ȼ֮ķΧͣס˽Ų
ţ

ϤĽŲǰòɷСรĬ𣿡ӲЦ
ͤڵȺ򣬲ãֻСĺɫӰǰɫȴϻʱá

ɷʵ
æиȻ˷źҪ
รеƣûչһ˫ü𡣡ˣ
ǣȾϷ纮죬ն´

ȥ̽ɷһ£ѵУʶҲ֮ƣȴҲôֻ࣬ɷȻȥ͵

ǡɷﱾźһ·߻¥ʱ֮̽£ȻǿҪԼȻȥҲҪֻùԹ뿪

ɷȥ˦䣬óϽȴת뻨԰



ú󣬽һ¥ĴǰſڵģȻ޵İͽĬ짡
ɷﱻʱңһգۣǶǳɴˡʵ¥ԴǶ֮ƺ÷ǳ֡ȻѧߣҲĺһ㡣˵ΣԶ
짣ˡ
Ĭ짼æ˵롣

ɷ𣿡
ѻƬ̡
šͷȻڡ

һֱ⣬ΪϲɷﵽȻ֮Ĭ짵Ĭ짵ĸԳĬֻб˿ˣŻش𡣶ɷһҺûĵĻСԺҲΪ۰

ɷﳣл߶෴ģֻҪһ¥ſڣܿĬ짵ӰҲ˵¥ɫ

ʵ޲ûرùſڣǲ֪ģǻ⸽ɨͣȻΪ¥ˣĬĬߵְ


ʱڹ˵ǿ졣

漴߽ͥ԰ɷһŻЦ˳ԭҪԼȻ¥磬Ϊȥ׼

ɷζЦ
ûС֣ϵЦ⡣
ѵõһĻҪ˼ˣ֪кηӦɷ˵ʮڴûжֻòӭЦ޵ķȥ

ӻһϤĳȣھǰס޵ķʱ࿴һۣʱġ

ܾδڴ˹ҹˡɷ˵
ǰЦŻشɷȻǳģ״˿Ǽѹ޵۰
ỳ𣿡ƺڷڵ뷨
˵أ

żĶԻ˱޵ķǰɷﻹûлشӣѾҪţֻŷڵ˵ɷȥýԼɣ

ɷһ漴˲뿴õı飬ȴҪʧˡǲһ˿ʧıȻϰԵ΢ôɷȸˡ

šӴɷת뿪˷š

ֻڴϣͷε޵ɫ㲣Ŀȴо

죿Цʡ
ûĲˣֻղ˺¡

Ҳ
Żڻеȣǰѵһľ

ʲô
꿴ĵطЦЦؿ

ЦĴǰϵ׳¥ޣҲССķ纮֮¡
ǰĳûĵġϡѣν鷳͵ᣬҲΪĺа衣

ร벻ô硣ӽݸĽӡϡѲֻ鷳Ҳ͹Ĺѽжϣĺõģůˡ

ʵղŵ޿ǰʱĪĸо޷˵Ȼ֮һһľĽɼմ˾٣еǳů˲䣬ӸԶԼһоͬǰһ

Ȼ֮ݣʹײ͵ķ㣬ж˵ţ⽫뻨һģĺͯ

ӿɲǼ䣬ȴļ衣ĸԣһΪ̹أ㰡

ˣ
ÿһĳڻԼͻúܺá

˵ѣҪƼģ㻹к쵼ǣ
䣬Ҳֻ꽣ɼԿ˹ף𣿡

˵ҲǡһǵޣҪΪŰ꽻飬ȻŻߡ
ߣǰһûߣѽӡ

Ȼÿ˶߻䣬ҲĻ˵ȥĶͷɫᴥաˣ

һûиֱӵοʣԼο֮ȴԼעʱĹģӵ᷽ʽʱ׽
ǹɷ紵ʱȫˡץסЦʵʽӴɣ᣿ǷΪˣ

Ҳº¥֮ģᱻ⡺ɾУ̽㡣˵£飿
ɾɾĻҲ֮ȥǽץ֣Ҳûгֵ˼

˵ɥԹƽֹĬ㡣ˣͻȻòԾתʵĪǺĲˣ
ǰĲҲ²ΪĳĳԳ֮˶᲻ǣŻƶʹ岻ССķаý˲ΪԹɡˣ

ң֪ԹңҪһ¥硣ջ֣ڱ
ԣ¥Ϊ֮һţЩҪ

ǰԭ㣬˳㴵ȡ޴㡣ɷ֪飬ұ㲻Ͻǰ
ʵΪڵ޵ķӦԲŻ⼸졣

굹ǻķϡ
һֱΪֻеİΣһֱΪֻԼȥۏ⽭Ļˮû뵽Ҳ¥ԼȻǺԭʹǰš

˵⻰к⣿ӿԼеԾ
˵ȥˡ

Ĳ֮𣿡ٴᵽйص£ʾС
ֻЦûлش

޷ΣѶȥ
ǰ֮ģҲ糬ˡҲѷ𽣳룬ʵ˵ȴֻԼ

仰棬δ㣿
עŽӣҪΪ뽭

뽭ʱˣɼ뽭
ĵֻν𣿵ʵжϣ뽭Ϊ֮¡걳ϵĹųҲʵ

ųڱҪ֮ʱδؾ˷̸飬һ̽㡣

֮⣬ղ鲻Ҳˡ
ôǷ£һͬߣ

Ǹóȥ͸͸ֻҪڣɲš
խķһͬɢصĻ졣

ǰ֮ӣѡ֮Ͼӿס
Ҳԣֻ֮ϵΡȴлΪֵı£Ͼкβ𣿡

һ죬д˱£ѡһͣ
˳ĬŻˣȤζ

˵ϲл֮ءҪ߳ţԵˡ
ͷ²ֻǡԵȡѡЦ˵

Ү֮Զᰡ
Ҳ𣿡
ԣ޴ЦǽѵõĿһЦ

ȷʵһȾ͵˰֮ãǽף



һմʱ֮Żķ𽣷˵ȵĽŲһŻȻ֮
δ֮ľԼѪǵļأ¶Ψһεĺѽӡ

ȻϤĻȻ֮ʱȴӵӰ
ţ
Ȼط죬ûѰ˵˼ΪÿֻҪһȻ֮ķΧӾ֪ĵȻվͤȺԼڴ˼ˣʹڻȻ֮ڡ

𽣷˵ףǽȥ֮£ôǺܿͻȥ¥ޣ²ҹǺѡΣѾȴͤﾲĹ



ӣսҪڴ˹ҹ𣿡
뽣Ӷ̨ͤûգֻͼƻҹ

ϣ£
첻ڴ˹ҹֻ̽һ޵αתȻ֮

Ѿһ಻¥ˣ滳ȵϨ֮

ʵڽӱչһУҪȥ̽ӣȴΪӵĽǰһʱȥһ˻Ȼ֮ǽȴδءΪ˽æеǰݷýӣȴŷ𽣷˵һȻ֮뽣Ӽ档

ֻΪǣһأûԼ

ʱ֮
ʱ֮ʱأˣֽԺǸúú˼⡣

ޣִ𣬲ˡ
ֻǹ̫ûµ˶˹ʽ˼޴йˣ

һ꣬ҶԲ㳤˳ֳ˲裬ɵ޵ߣһ硣
ʶϣǲ˵Ҳڻһʱֻǵָһ˲һһ̵˼ֹˮıչ֮ˣ޼̶̾ʱһһεȥǰһһ̲ȫͬͬ˵ɲ졣
ҲǷԵ޳𣿡

Լ޳ô֮ĸأ
ɣ

ֻϣԼ䰮ĸԶ䡣
ѣؼ棬øΪ׸пˡһ겻޺Աúǰͬ⡣

Ц˲ֵӣ껹ǵ۹𣿡
˵ʲô
˽⣬̸Ļ⡣ֻǴ˿̽޷֪һεۣһΪȻ޶ִŽȻͬĿ

һΣ
มԣӿ⵹ʶô޵һᵽԼһ¡
ǰܰЦ˵ҪЦſԼȥȻԸ˫ۣΪ᲻ĺѽɼһ˼įν˲ǧ꣬㲻ҽӶӹ˵
˵ǻˣ

ûЦš
ûûɵĿ⿴ǡǧ꡻Ǻ⣿

˵ǡνĺˣԱػǧꡣȻһ¿õȻҲ᲻ϧԼ

Ǿ䲻ǡǶνĺˡ˵޵˼ӲҪֺ뻵˵ĻôеΪۣԲǺˡǰǶνĺˡĩ֮кκأ

˵ǺѣͬѡֻҪһǵ겻䣬ҽɼ¥κʧ˵ͬʱޡ

ǽ׵ӰȾ΢죬ʵĲϼڳˣȻ׳ܱȡܾԶߣôɾֺѰ

ɣҲףҪĶһ֣ϾͱΪѷɫĶɡʧȥԭζָһأ
֣ԶҲʲôõζ

ʵҲ֪ò⽫еźͬɶ겻ڴ˲䣬޷ᵽʲô˻һ㡣
ȴһֱ׷Ĺ̵Уþò

꽫ᵱͬ壬⻰жжٸ˿ġ¥ޡأ
¥Զ¥ޣ϶һ޶¥ޡ

ôһ죬᲻ʱ꽫ζ֮ˣ
һޡ

ƲʶµĽƹâҫڽϣƺҪǰӰһ㡣ϵɣڷҲΪɣ˫ԺԼһǲضš

ôԥʲôҪľɻˣ֮ԲжѵΪ̫䰮뽣Ӽ

ڽӸڱʱ໥ĥˢһʶ˻
΢㶣ĬķΧ֮䣬ǶȴƳá
ûСԡ֣𣿡ǳߵʶȴҲǰڶϵػش˽ӵʻ

㲻ᡣҽвûоԵĶԵˣȴоԵѡ
ƶ޲Ϊ֮ü̫棬ìܣ̵ķ𣿡

ҲãìҲգԱƣⲻҲֵأʵϳԱ⣬Ӹ޶Լֿĸ顣
ԴҸŸɸּᱲжѧϰ֣޷Ҫƣ˵ܾ̻ˣ

Աƣ
ҲֻɡΪ˵Դ˵ıԣȴ޾İ

ҲӵĶ˵׷Ϊûж
޶Դ񣿡


Ŷ

Ҫﵽңõʵľɣҵ
Ϊβе£

Ϊһ֣ҲΪ޹֮Ե
겢޷桺ҡ

ΪѪᣬŸ顣
֮飬ǷΥϵĮأ

ֻǽɼˡһЦңյĲϼҹҽ
ΪΣ

Ϊ须һ֡
װѡ
Ӳ΢ޡޣյĸ˴Ⱦˡ

ϣǰϦ±øҫ۵¥磬ʵ¥㡣㱼䣬ƺоԼһŨиûӲۡ



һڻȻ֮ڣ𽣷˵׹½㲻ٵȺʰƬҶӣˡѩɽ塻֣Ȼʯѹʯϣ漴뿪Ȼ֮
ףɼ¥ͣһȥ֪ղŻĵȴ



һҹٶΪϨƣȻϨ֮ǲǰĳأȴҲеϲá
Ⲣϲӣֻ޷ͬǰ㣬ɵ

ǵš

____________________________________________________________

粻Ⱦ塿꼻֮ ߣ

磬ȥִҪΪУ첽߳¥硣
ڵɷＱæǰĬһǶ뿪ĿУҲֻнɼǵ͵¥ķΧ⡣

짣˵ƽΪƽˡΪˣԵ÷ǳˡ
šͷǵ˾ƺǳĺãЦղϡ

֪һ¥ΪĻ˵ʲô
Ҳ
ڴסôãǶԼ˶Խӵ⡣

ǵĵһ죬һΪ¥֮һб¥Ĺӷ䲢ΪӺ˫˫ڴ˵ء
šĬҲôΪΪʱҪΪȡʱ˵

˵ĸôãʵĽ֪˶ذ£ֻηӦɷΪµš

ʵȾ׾Ϊڻᷢɱˡ˽²ǰȥƣԼŭĿԣ̶ɱ޹Ϊ̹СΪʧʹ¹ʥҲ޶ԡ
Ҵ

Ĳŭһֱɲ⡣Ҫ淭ˣ׷ģ񲻳ɿգ
˵Ĵ㣬Ӳûյ¡

ʵޱڽӳǰȰƽһ£з׽һֱ޷˳ƻټϷ𽣷˵ͻȻ룬òæ֣ɾ䡣
Ȼν֮ºδûѡգѰĶԳе谭²Сİ¶ˣǵҪ䣬¥١ҿⳡսӦûоԵİաɷ˵
δǲãƻҵһҲǺ¡һ׷λãʵӵй

סֻݲκ˽뽣𽣷˵ǰҲ⣬浣˺ķΧ󡣡
Ͼһȴֲĸ飬˽룿СĬǰһԹ۲졣ƽյԣֻɷʱŻῪ˵뷨

̹˵ҲȻܣҲߵֵز
Ǹ˼

̫ɲ⣬޷͸ּʹˣͼİҵҲδ
š

ǶҲΨһĶ֡
Ĭ짵ͷʵϵԼ϶ΨһĶ֣ǸζԴ

Ҳ֪Ȼͬ뷨Ķˣβһȷʵ¡
ԶһҲⲻˡ

ʹ˸ˡ
һδؾͲʹġ

ɷﾪȵؿŸߴĬ짡ΪҲͬĸ飿
ȻĮѵȴֻôشȻ˼൱ԡ

짣Ϊֻ𣿡ٴš
Ӧǡ

ԣɷüͷȻת߻¥ڣĬҲʼɨԼĵأһƽ㡣



һּСĶˣ̸Ż
ǳ۰һǳҲϸܵµšһʮ¥ĻٲӰ
֮ˡҡȣǳЦŻش

ȻûѪԵϵ֮ĸʮ΢СǾͷǳ۰ҲҳϾģ˵ҲΪ
΢֮ĸҲ˵һͲ֪ѪԵˣ

ȻһǣҡȻѽύ٣ʱ̹һģҲֻλˡ
Ӳӵ𣿽ӡͻȻ⡣

֮ܿأ˦˷
ҲΪһ¶Ϳ౼ѣ˵Ϊ飬ԭʼĸ飬޸飬Ϊˣ
Ҫи飬ҪȻĵֻǡ޵ˣϲ˽ύһ֮ΣӲǹ˵⡣
ǰ׷ɵףǣҡã֮Ҳ

ףһţüޣϲǣ
ϲ·ܻлֿܲ˵Եˡ

ʱԵˣЦĺѻⷬ۵еȡ
ᲢԵ񡣡

ɷҲԲ£
껹ǵ÷𣿡

ǵá
µǶ¥ʱڴ͡ʱ˶ľߴֱ࣬һϲȻǶԡɷΨһյŮСͻ棬ѧϰǿҲѣΧϵʤޣмӡ

껹ǵɷ֮𣿡
Ҳǵáһ뵽£ӲЦ˳Ϊȡɷ֮˲ͬĿ

겻ϲɷȡۣͬǸɡְ᲻ʹá
㺮С֮ˣʵΪȡΪɷʱû̫࣬Ǿһͺžòס

ĳǡ
ķ棿

ڸ顣
รȷʣƺôΪҲ֪ɼںѵˡ

ĮЦ˵ӡ󡣶ǲʵ
΢Цָ֤Ҫǻ޴йҲùȡˡɡһ

ɣĮɵĺ֮ߣΪŮ޶ΪԲȡΪ
ɷǺ֣޵ʱȴϣ˵ִšĳ˵Ƕ顣

ȷʵĳ˵Ƕ飬ֻҲԼֻ֮ϣ޵겻䣬ԶеһЦƣԽ֮Ϊɷ

Ҳ˵Ҫ뿪㣬̫ˡ
ʵʶôҲѸо͸¶ѶϢȥЩ£ԭ򡣿ҶĹϵе룬ڽһֱΪĿǰõ״ɷмֵҲȡöԡ

εļ棬Ŵϲἰ뿪ԼƣȴҲϲԼĳŵȻδ²֪Ǹŵ֮ˣ˵ЩҲʾԼӡˣ˳š
ҽӣޡ

ߣ˭ʤһأ۰֮ҲΨˡ˵š
ˣԵģֿܻܲ˵Եˡ

û֮⣬ỹиڴԵˡ
รӿһۣʵҪʵҵף

һ׷ĳŹ㣬ֹ᲻
ԵһӲΪ޲Ůɫ˵⻰ϵļˣ

ôɾ᲻
Ǻ£ֺԲֹɣ˵ƣҲ˳ˮ۵ػش

ǡ𣿡ӵĮӦĸеܡңӰ֮񣿡
˽Ӱǵꣿ

ҲӰ쵽ᡣ޹˵š
ԣͻȻͣ½ŲղΪֹֻΪ˵ģȴý޷ȥ⣬ޣɫǾӲΪΪףˡ

ӵķӦͬǰаϲԹжӢܹ˹أ
รҲԣҲӢۡӲ֪ΪתЦţȻǰߡ

⽣ӵķӦд˱仯̽Ŀʵʵǻˣ
𣿴ûʱԼǷ⡣ȥĻѷǳϰ飬ʧȥˣ᲻⣿ϾˣҲŸ飬ԼǱѰ
Ȼ䵣Щ£ڶ޵αأźзִ硣

˵ӲɫѣΪ׵Ҳ˹ϾǷˣҲʧ⻰𣿡

Σ΢㶣⻰˵ˡޣ̽ʲô
ֻǺѯʣ̽

Ļϰһֱûиı䡣ǧ˵
ʶã޳Լ̽Ե붯ȴȻ֮ν˼ǣֻ˳Ȼ
Ҳһֱ²š

ҲΡ
ʵߣԲ͸Ρ

ֻжеˣŻῴࡣ
ǰ뷨Բ޷͸֮˼

ʹ뷨ҲֹĽ׶Σ𣿡
̫ΣʹĿռ䣿

֮⣬ȱĺҪʱһȰˣ
Ҫ󰡣æµڡˡ֮£ֶ԰֮˼ӶҪһȰ䣬µͷԵˡ

ϰ˵ΪӣӲþŮУ˵ʱŲһĸоĻʡɣޡ

ǰͷĽ˦䣬ϵ𣬶һĻ˲䣬һޣҪ¥ʱԼİĽǲǰץס󡣡Ĳ

޵ľٶоȣȴûоܾǼĿ˦ޣֻʹջظƽޱΪɥѣҺ¥纱ǣ֣ҪЦˣ
ᵹǲںţȴҪڴ˹ҹͷ

㿴濪ӱΪ˵Ի֣벻ķӦ
꽣ɼкκںģֻҪܺһֺҪ˵۹⣿֮ͬԹѴڣ¥޷кοɾ壿

ţ˫΢أüȻٿ޵
һ޴ӸղĵĿлݷ𱻽ӿ°㣬ץסӵ΢ɡǻ̿֡
ֽ׶α˵Լİ⣬ô鲻֪ݱΣûаտƿصһСһʼ˵Ҫ뿪ʱûǿһ·̣Ҫͣ

ޣƤǺ񡣡
รһˣ˿ЦץԼÿģģһĸо𣿡

ʱֻΪܿЦǰߴӣֱڶԼһ˶ԣǷ豹档㰡
ôˣ

ôҿֻС֯
תЦ˵ӺϿҲֻнһˡϲеȨƾȡЦԼҲ޷

㲻˱£ûз֮⣬治ԸԼͬ뽭ˡ
ЧķӦư

ʲô
Ϊβܾ᣿
ǰӿ϶֣ȻһԵĻرȴֳԼԼ

Ҹξܾ豹¥ޣ
รӲֻܾԭɽӸԼ⣬ԲûоܾĮı飬Ц˵Լȴ²Ļʲô
治Ϊ˳ˣͲЩ红ͯ㴿飿֡ԱԼȵȣȻʲôҲáǣ֣ʲôã

ûʲôãϺҵڡ
ѵ޻ƷԼһֱΪǣİ˼յĸı䡣

为𴫳˼ΣҲСڵڡȻҲûʲôãôβǣ꣬һͬ߳¥ķΧأ

㵹˳ˮƵ˳ǰ޾ԻʱòĶﶼ˲Сĸı䣬Ӳܲȥ¡
Ȼʵǣֲ·ܾˣԵԼеС˵㣬ҾίһͬЦˡ
ǺСĽɼѵõġ󷽡

С·ϣˣʹУҲ޵ȻΪ׵⣬ֺҪ黳ްĵĻֺԲΪ
úúϧɼѵõĴ󷽡˵꣬вػ˵ֻʱ治˽㡣
һ˽ᡣ

ǵȻһֱΪ˽ޣɷϣ޾Ӫ⣬ʵȫ˽⡣
ϣʱĽɼ¥ʱһ㡭޵Ļûȫ˵׵ʱ˽ԼΪʱһôĶԴ¥ޡ

ʱһ㣿
豹档˳ڴţؾᡣ

ԣЦҪҵţ
ԣţ޷

ǲ䣿
޺ͽӳΪɵۣ֮ȴӲ˹ϲޣڸȴѱɽȻȨᡣ

øȨᡣ
ӹɡЦЦػشڱĻȻҡһǣŽӵ󣬽İɫ趯
ɼĽ䲻ǰɴӣȴȻõ̰

𣿡
Ӳŵؿһۣȴû˵



ʱһصȻ֮ͤڣ㿴Ҷӡ
ǵȵҹˡ
ʮûϢʮֹһȥʱҲӰΪҲһͬ֡

òʱһ塺΢š
һ֪Լ¥ҹԲŻһٳ¥磬ȥԼ

˵ϸƬҶϵּЦҪֱʼѵá
Ϊ˲ԣҲдǶ壬ͬϵĿ֣Ҳֱĸ԰㣬˼Ȼ𾴡

Լط桭
ѩɽ壬ϡһзǳҪ£ŻԼֵط

ʱƻ裬˻𣿡
ղȥĻֵһ˿յȣҪȥĻʱֲԡ

ѽѣ֪ʹϳ˵ṦϵҲҹڡںҹﱼ·޿ˣ
̾ЦŽҶ뻳СɽɽǸ˲ȵԼ뿪ԾǵɽʱҹҲҲܲȥڴ֮ûлصڣֱѩɽȥ



ˣѰһĿǰ񣬵ѪȷʵѸ̨档
ڽδ뿪ǰ֯ѴϢֻǱŵĬ째סֱ޻ɷԱ档
ϹѪߡ˿ˮ̣˼

ǷҪѪߣ

ŴԻ档޻ôã˵йĶʵţҲòʱ䵽ȥһµĵ伮С£ú˼

ɷԣĬһͬ뿪뿪ּˮ̣дˡѪߡ֡ÿʱ˼֮ʡ
ѡþԶ֮𣿡

ѪߣţҲ֪ǵϰԣ޷ɱ֮ôǽԼδľС
ɸѪ߲С

æעҶ¿˶ԭ֣Լ֮Ļȴע⵽ɰصѴ

˼ˣıתдˡС֡
עصˣվΪߣģֺα깶Ӳдأ

֮ҪУΪΪյĴˣԺΪ谭⣬ΪӶĿء
Թ̫㣬֮ҲΪԻ󣬶ܲꣿ

֮£ôҪסܿѡʵڷ𽣷˵Ȼ֮ʱ͵׽ӼʹУҲΪ𽣷˵뽭ôʲô⽭ңӣ

ûö֮жʶ¥ޣǡ
һֱԼȥûаչϵ֮ĽӻζԴԼ

ϲЩĳŵףܳĻôЩҲֻǻΪ˵жѡ

̫һ룬ñеࡣǸһҪеҪ𣿡
֪Ϊɣ֪ԼӮĻʲߣҪһġ֪ĸǷܶҡĮˣܷõκλر

޻ֻдֵֽһֽϻдϽɼ֣Ըýӵвһ
֣ʹдǧٻ಻룬ֺԺµõ֮ζ

ûǴε꣬һͳˡ෴ģûнӵ飬¼֮ˡ

ö֮Ĳ뽭ڱУǽɼϣ¥ʧ
Ӧǰ쳾غ뽭һ뵽ˣɵЦЦ

ЦǣȴȽ޾ڵĽУʼһֱڽϴתδʶǰǸˡ

ͬѣͬŵԣԻѰ
Ӳα˵ΨжԽӵĻϣһ죬һҪԻĳŵ棬Ž뿪

̧ͷ֮ʣ¥ĹһյյϽ٣ҹ꼻ʢңһȻ

ͽӳҹʱ¥ƻž⣬¥ڻ԰ҹʱʢ꼻Լϸ߹ҵ£ͱǾָˡ

ϲ꼻ΪǾлһ׵ĺˮԼϲ꼻Ϊݣȴù

΢Ľӣ˵꼻ϲʱֿı飬Ҳἰ꼻ʹʱ䲻һ£Բܽɹʵ֮

ӡһͬڻǰ¹¥֮°

ǧٻصĿܳΪź
ٵˮ̣˿ڣ³




粻Ⱦ𽣷˵ ߣ

ѩɽ֮ʱɫ𣬶˹Ȼɽ֮ۡ
Ӵ˿ۼ⣬ϵ··ڳһƬʵѷֱ˻ѩ

͸¹⣬ɫأȻƽʱеĬ˵̸ģҲõ㺮ɣ
ԣһûлش֮⣬ֻΪۣעŽӡ

ЦǴ㲻ӹеĬˡѵòҪԷҿġ

𽣶ԼĬżŻشһ䣬˵ʮϧ𡣲̸а֮ʱֱָ˵֮ۡ
ҲڲԷϻķУԼˣƤӲΪϲʱҲǿĽܡ
ཻʵ̫ãֻҪһüһͨܲµó˳ɵ˼ͻȻʧٺ֣ȴ¶δü䣬ýӸеơ

ûлشֻӻóһӵݸӿ˷֣ɵѪǣ
šʱŵӦ

ĵˡ飿
Ŵ˻ͬʱҲҳſ˵һ֣Ѵϣ硣

ţϣ磿ŵأӿȻ΢ü׷𽣸ʲô˲õ¡ԽʱУ¹Ȼɷ˵ҲҸúúó㡣
ϣ粻顣ᶨ˵

ԲЦڵŷ𽣵лΪԼΣ𽣵ķӦֻѭԼ£ȥ˼İΣԼļ֣
šͷ

ֻҪ϶˵£κɣԻ¡
Ȼ֪һҲǾһ˼ǲҲԵֻİѪǸꡣ

ŶΣʵ
Ե

รԵĻʹд©Ҳڴʧ
Σ

ûʲôֻֻʣһ룬ܾԭò
沢û޵ļء

ЦѪûа޺ԼļأǸеơȻͲ֪ȫûУصļ¼Ǳߵһ룿
ֻ𽣲еĻôδٺڰ֮Ԩ顣Ȼ˳һΪֹ
˳еķǴ˵еʥߣһϣ¾ܶΪѵԼΪ֪˳֮µԼȥˣеķ𽣷˵Ժֻأ
֮У˷𽣣ûнӣı׵븶൱ĴۣػѡͬУԻȫ

ֿһŵʱ𽣷˵ʱı飬ɽ֮紵ǽ׵پʶˣҲΨһ϶ֿѡ

ڳԼ⣬Ϊ֮ˡ

ңʵ뷨˵лһϣһԡ
ÿÿʱϰ˵𽣷˵˼˲²͸ĬԵĳ̶ѵϧܵõͻĸл֮Ҫ˷ǳ˲õķṦΰҵŻ˵³

𽣷˵ûлش𣬴˿˸лӵδ֮⣬ƺңԶ֮ǰĻ䣬רе·;ϵٻٶĹ


˷뺣
ţûоܾɡ

ӳĬ˰ΡһԶ㼰ֵ塣
ţ

ȻҲԾܾ
Լѡ·į

ʱûлӦӵ⣬ǷȴҲģһֱ׽ӶԼĹػ



ʱʱԻЭ˵
ʵղŷ𽣱ϸ΢ı仯ѿǸֻԼķ𽣷˵ѵö˻ôΣ֪ϧ꣬޷һʱ֮Ź㵽Ȼ֮Լ
ʱ뵽ԼԮֲ֣ܣ

𽣵ͷõͳص˵л

ӸղŲ˵Ҫлڳʱû뵽Ͼ˵ˡ𽣷˵˵лϧ޲һԣ޿ڣԻĽ֡

ô˵𽣲֪λشǸϲĸ֮ˣ£ֻϣ˵ڡ

ԼⷬĬʹ÷޷ӻֵͬҲ˵л

ţƣ֮⣬ҪһΪԭֳˣʵȻǰѣ֮䣬ȴԶ罣֮׽˵ͬӵеֿǽӣΪ޶ҲֻҪڽʱŻŽ

޵Ľ飬˵Ǻѣ޾Ϊ𽣷˵ԭ֮¡ǽӳĻ޸ûΪһǿ߳ϣĿҲͻŽ͡ҡ
ٴ˵л˵

һΪת𽣶޵л⡣
Ҳһͬºˣ𽣸л޶ԼҪԼһ뽭µû˼СѪصġͽȻޣǲϣ޳κιϵ
ֻֽУҲûκθֵйأϣϱߣֻԼһͬΪԿѪ֮Ŭ

ԣĿ˼ѪǵļʱҲ᲻ǿаޣʵ˵Ȼ¥磬Ҳоó׷ģúͽӼԼͬ

꽣ΪԼʱཻʱ׽Ӻޣ֮ƣҲἰԼĿ
Ȼ˵ͬΪԭ־ҲͷһýӴ

˵˵δ֮飬Һܺ档˵
š

ֻǣټڴ˵̸ȥҪΪ϶ӵĹͣʹҲȾ纮Ǳɽߣ˵֪ԼҪ뿪˵صĻǰ˸ûɵɵվѩԼ˵

ҲáѺܾûͽӶˣϻȻ֮Ҳֻ֪ԼĴ󣬱ȥ

ɽ·Ϸδ֮飬򽫽ս¸



պԭȺҶ̸յϣǰȥͣսʤʤֱ˴˵Χ˫սôֻܽս˺ñ˴˶ԸصΣѪߡ
ǽۺõĴʽ

ֻһޣʵϲԸԭҶ֮ľףΪʱ¥ɷ˵
ڽѵ֣᲻þܾǱ˳֮ǰҪΪЦ쳾˱飬ʵϾЩ˵޹أɲᡣ


뿪յ֮˸뿪ޱȻ֮ݷá
ţͤµĽѸо޽Ȼ֮ķΧڣЦúÿ졣



׹ˣ겻Ͽͣ
ֻͨҪʱ֣ӱҪȥû˵ɣҲʣӲͱԭΪͬģӵ¥ʱ֮ʣҲ˵Ҫ뿪ֱϻ¥ҹ󣬲Ÿı˽һֱϰߡ
ҲһԼڴҹޡ

ҹ½βһͬͣ
϶ڽµͬʱܿľ¶âȻΪɪâԵرһڴһƬա

겻һԴꣿ˳ĿķҲͬǳֵâϲãȴҲ˼ϲһ徲ĸԡģĪڽҹĶ
Ѵˡ

˵治֪Ǹ߻Ǹ
ӱ˳ª֮ӣԼ޵˵Ĵֲ赭ôԿ

ѵõ룬ܲӣ
ֶ˵ûʲô̫塣

ںʲô
⡣

ŶĻϲָĺأ
ֿ⡣

ţ
ϲһˣǷģǱֵֿͬҲκϣָˡӻشš

¥ҹҲΪֿ⣬ΪҪ޵ˣ
ԣЦû뵽޷ӦôĿ졣ѽҲǸֻӶѡ

ѽǽҲҪӸ꣬Ȼ֮ôܻӭĿˡȻôʵܲͬĴ𰸣

ֻһۣ޵Ĺ⡣Ȼ֮²ͬ¥磬Ͳ֪λôܻӭĿǷϲ

ǰҲֻûйƵӰ£ܿӡѣ˵ѵõɾ귴Է񣿡

ԡ
ѵýԸԼסƩ˼ɾ¥أš

¥ӵʮ﹬ƣѷְҹɾȴ˶ϡ΢â
ϲΪı񡣡

ô󣬸ıˣȱ˻ӵеɫ
úѻϲ

ޣҲΪӵʮ﹬ƣǻϲΪı䣬ǻϧʧȥ˸˷񣿡
֮֮£ϲ޻һˣ

ԡЦҡͷ
ΪΣ

ֻκ˱еɫɫǲʧţܻ¡
شʵеԶĵڴݷˮûиĴ𰸡

ʵʵǲ
ϵǶʵӣҹǹĸоΣ

ʵı䡣
ǰͬһ㣬е䡣

е䣬Ϊڴ
֪ڴôڴʲô

Ի˵˵ʱ˫ָ󣬹һ
ʱ˼ˣཻ꣬Ӳ˵κйصĶ

ԡ
รǺѧĽڵ޻Ǿ䡣

ѧϰӰټ֮˵಻ˣƤãʥ顣ޣҲԼ
Ҳֻ޿֮

ЦԻǾʥǣ֪ȻҲ
֪֮𣿡

˵أޣ
Ȼǡ

ûжԴظȻף㽣ιҲҲǸѧʶ֮ˣȷ֪

һڻȻ֮ҹصķ䣬ǸʿľңӽԼķԭⲻԼԴֵ̬ȣΪκ˶ı䣬һΪޣҲܿ뷨


ڲú֪ԭи̵ֿѣٱཻơȻ˺ҲԼʶΪνĺѣΪȥԶֲЦھн޲ȴָֻеڼء
Ϊӣ֮ܳΪѣû˽ӣҲ˽ΪԼ谭

ǸǷ𽣷˵ҲڽδʶԼǰ֮ˡ



Ǳյҹܿʧ١
һεҲڴʱ橳ԼǰĮı顣
ȸŵ¥ޣѵڴʱڻȻ֮δͤʱ˵
ǰȻҹסޣҹ֮ʱݷá

Цڱҡӣ˫Ҳĸǰ갡Ĺܵ˺ʱ̣
չϰԵЦݣΪӿõ֮ʱ

ղյһ𣬺˼֮˵
Ү겻ֻ֪Ҫһ̲֮գ˼Ѱ

ص˼𣿿ϧҲǻӣҽĲ˵һͤڵĵÿʱǻյơƽ֮£ܿǰҪƹ

ǰҲֻ꽣ɼ¥˲跹˼Լ꣬ʹлԣȻ

รǸúúղҵĿء
Ƿǳϰ͸¶Ϣ̫Ѱ˵ǲѰ˵־䶼ڱƵԼòȥ޵뷨ȻĿǰʱԣҲֻܶİˣ

ӦáЦţ˾ʱȴ֮ء
ӿ⻰Թˮһ¡ˣ

ЦҪ˵ȫûУ޷Խ˵ʵĸܡ񳯴ҴҶյȥյΪʵе졣

·ͻȻû뵽ôࡣ
红ͯϷʧ˸еĳȡ

ǰǲҪ豹𣿽ȴΪˡ޵ĲģҲףֻǡ
ԽոĻ޶ԣҲҶԭȺ֮ս红ͯϷ㡣˳Ŵ

ӡָǽӵΪƫƫ˵Ҷ˼ԭ֮սǱҲؼµɰӡ

Ҳ¼į𽣻﹧㡣
Ҳꡣ

ıˮԲԸ뿪ˣ
֮ͬˣܷ֣

ǲܷ֣ԽҲյ֮£㵱⣬ΪרԹˣ
Թֻǽڣ¥һǸеįֻΪ갡˫㲻

¥лɷ飬ļį
ϾС޶ϲϣ˵飬ȴ㲻˼įġ

ҪĴ۾ͻӡ
ȴΪѧŽӵĿ˵

ǱԹҽǸӵĴڡ
ǰĽǱøˡ

ĸӣ
hæµİǾסᵱҲҪ϶ʱ䣬ŵĮĽһޡ

ָ֪ǶһέԼСһέǰһͻؽ𽣵£УҲǽϵķ֪
жš

Ϣ죬µҲ֪ˡ
ųʣŵĻ⡣ᵽʱòһ
ΪǵһùųʵˣųһʣŽʽ̤뽭ǷΪһѲմˣʵڲҪô

֮١
ǰΣĹذеΡ

ƽϲ󷽵¥еΪ
รܰ˵ʲô¥޸Ϊ򲻸֮£ôԼأָΪжˣΪż˸ô𣿡ƫģΪѣͬᣬܲں

Ϊ࣬ҵȿ˽⣬˱Ķ

ʲôʲôа˭˵Լа֪ֵֻͬûоԵа
޲УɽʱҲἰ˷𽣶ĿȻȴΪиõõ˸ߵۡ
ҲãҲգͬ飬οأһۣѱԹꡣӣ꽫ߣ𣿡

ʮڻȻ֮һĻȻ֮ҹ߳żͣķ⣬Ҳֻ¥ˡ
ڴס죬뽣ӳϦദڻȻ֮һֱԼ֮£ƫƫ˾׿ɵá

ԹҲãҲãҵġԭȺҶ˽սڼΪմ˵ҲøеβС˼̸ĿǰĴ㣬Ϊ޶е⣬ѳԼ

ǰźм֮Ե㣬ôţ˵Ρ

ޣҶҲͬѵΣ
̫꣬ԲŻǣߡ

ºʱɿˣ
ǿɿ

ôǰ;ңкβף
һͬˮȴմʪ·겻Ϊ֮ͬˣǸп

Ӳ֮ˡ
ȷʵˣ˽Լʱֻǵеŵ𣿡˵ԸΪͬ壿ٴš

ǳŵͬʱҲΡ
ร֮˵

ۏˮΡ
һ粻Ⱦ޵ߣǧ𣬷ºۼ

˻ر𡣡
ֻᣬ𣿡

˵ңȴʣ֪вƽݺĻ
ӱܶ˻⣬תҪȡߡ˵ȴҹư

ƽ
ǰδȴֹסĳ

ҷ㣬һͬŻյӰɣ
ԣǵȲȾȴ˫մŢĽӷɰ

մಢٷ𡣡
մȴƽ

һشˮ
ǰǴˮ

ûд𻰣ȡ˾ƣȻҲһͬóҶߡڰЩʱ˵ǳͳｻ٣Ҳһ⡣
ֻᣬǲգĻȻ֮λ֮ͣʧԭе⡣

Թˣ֮и˽ʱ⽭ӻ֡
Ͳ֪ţ

µһķ𽣣뽣ոް֣ټڱ֧֣Ѫкοɾ壿
ȱһţܹأ

Ŀܡ
ϡ޻شʵʹ𽣷˵뽭¶ο

ţȻӶһ¿õȴ᲻÷𽣷˵δԸǰ⡣ġ

ԵȻĽģĿءôҪлȡ𽣵껻񣿡
ûκ˿Իȡκ˵֮ļ裬޷ش㡣

˵ǡ
⣬Ҳش𡣵顺ˣԻ񡣡

²ͷǲױ¶뷨ˣ
ֻˣµľľ

ԽɼĸҲ𣿡
ҲǡΪ˾ƣЦ뾡Īʹ׿ն¡ԭȺҶ˵ĶԾɹģȴ֣ܲǺβô֮ңңأ

ϲΪ˿Լæµȴִݲȵӡۏˮ꣬ҪңҲ꣬鷳

鷳𣿡
仰档

Ҹÿʼڴˡ
Ὺʼڴӡ

Ҳʧ
Ц¾ơӵĻԶ

ֻڴϣԼвκˡ
𽣷˵Ҳܴڡ



һķ𽣷˵ѾԭҶ˵һζԾһ磬ȻС
ĽŲͣЪӣ˵š

ûи߽Լľ׽һ֪ԼҪʲôڴ˽ҪͷΨһиεˣҲֻѽɼ

ԭ֮¾鷳ˡ

кջˣԤ֪ĻҲṩһѪ
ĿǰΨһ֮¡



ʱҹ΢޶ˣطϢ
ͤӼʱӿ춯ţС˵

ˣʵ
û£ֻ뵽𽣷˵

ղŷֿԶ˼Ҳöᰡ
ร㰡ҲȴЦš

ⷬ˵ĶΪӽҹ𣿡
Ҳɣ

˵ἸŲǰߣںޣ̧ͷӡ룬һʲôŻô˵Ǳ𽣷˵йء
ɵãţҲԼʱ˹ԼĻ

˼ʣʹ˱סӣűˡ
ȻҲף˾ͷʲôҲ

_______________________________

粻ȾߡȻɾ ߣ

ӻط󣬲û˯˼ŷ޵顣

𽣾Уǲܱ֮¡ԭҶ֮䣬跨˺ͲС
ǰһ䣬𽣵Ķ򣬼ʹգ𽣵Ҳ޷áǽҹȴͻȻ֣ҷλΪƫԭ䶯ɴۣ𽣿ԽʱһˣıĲԼ˶ѣĿҲʹԭĹƫ롣

˷𽣵⣬⼸յĹУҲǹעİйһεĴܶ
ΪʲôϢϢأȴֿ͸

һֱ͸ǸԼصӾǴźˡѧǺͷԼ֮ԡǴӣż¶âȴΪ޲ԣ޷׼ԼǵķλжϣӦڼǡ

Ȼ뽣ӹϵУӰ쵽ԼߣĿǰΪֹҲֻзޡ˶ǿܵѡΪǵıǽΪɼǡ

Ƿ𽣣Ҳޣֻ˭
ǰʶǰգⷢһԼ˲ɷֵӳ֣׳ϡʱǵĴھΪԼֱżʱӼǿӾ޵ıǡ
ۺҹ죬ԼһУıʵҲཻ֤ҹദȴҲϵ˴ˡڶԷ𽣵ĹػڶеϧڶУ˵Ϊ˽ĵĴڡ

ֻر𣬽ǿźѵĹϵΪһεҹǶУǿŻΧͻȻһɰԼٶȸԼӵĹâȻӿγһ׵ĺڶ֮ʱ˲ʧ٣һй֪ǾԼþδ
֡

ǹɰҲζӰģֻԼ˵ԼҲ޷⡣ȻûˣȻԸúܵȴҲ֮˻ΪԼۡ

Ҹΰ㣿
ĲԣĹϵ²ټάȥȻδǻǵĶǰʵڲԸ޾Լ֮СѪвѽȼü֮޷ڻȻ֮Ϲۣ뽭Ǿٳ֮¡

ӣһ컻أ
Ƶļ֮֪Ϊڻټ֮£޷޽ԡ

ìܡ
Ϊ𽣹ұ֤ͬУ˵Զ޷ĳŵʱܲٵǹɰвԣ

һӣƣǲܲţδزһʤ
ԼԽŵĻǣҲֻС£ΪӪ¹㲻ǰⲻӵ磬ӵĶԼĶܵûҿɴΣ

ӿЦֵҵĵ˼ҲǶ࣬гһգѣȻ֮ǳ̲ס㣿

֮ȴ¥粻ΪݷʹݣӲܾ֪ȻһֱϣǺߡ
㲻ֻ¥еҲס

ҲףֻԸϰˡΪӴ֯ɢڸͼǱˣӲ軳ɣȷжϳ¡ΪޣԼʶˣʹ޷ҲԸʵ

Ϣ𣿡
޾ƺȵò٣ӦҲϢǱԼ̸ȴҲĳӵദУӴҲܸоԼذһ⣬ӦҲ

ޣֻֽ֮Ҹһ£ʱȲἰ

˽ᣬҴ⣬Ҹʱˡ
һ겻޵ĸøΪǿңҲýҪ̹ȻԵľģǡ
ұֿɣ
ӲԸڴ˷ǳʱڣΪ˽ĹҰ˴֡



峿޻ûǰȻ֮ѳŲȵζ
ͬ¥̷ԼڽӵĵطܶԼ޴·ߵͷϴȻȥͽӹ緹䲻ʳȴҲԳһɣǴֲڵʳıζɿڡ
У޲뽣ӱһͷȥҲⲻ¡

ʵ¥Ϊ˾ȽѪһжùųʱǳķŭվƵı仯ֱͻȻǰɷ˵ԼյʱķŭŻ
վǵвӵԴʹҪԼͬȥΪЦ쳾˱飬Ҳľܾ


극޶һͬڸɢ
ҹ䲻ȴҲ˲ٵľƣ¥磬˯ͲڻȻֻ֮ҪŵҵĲ㣬Ի
ӣþûԡڻȻ֮ĳ֮ˡ
һˡӴ

ǰҲǵá
ָֿˣ
ȻжûкͬڻȻ֮һǰ˵Ҫչʱʧı˵ǺءʵӲ޻֪¥ˣҲǿˣ϶ѡڴ˵㣬Ӳţ֮ߣֻԼѡ

ĵָɼأ
ڻȻ֮ɽػݵСҪǰȥٲÿɢյվ
Ҳԣû¥һܱĽ֮£֮ѡ

ǰõһֻʺĨ£̰еԹ
Թ

ԹǲǶĳɣǿȥΪ˱飻Թ˼˼ĺѣȴ˽˹סԼﲻᡣ
С
ѲеΣǰﵱУ֮¡

ڻȻ֮ĵߣ̸ָ˭أ
ǹ𣿡ӹ˵

ǡ
รף粻г緹ޱػ뷨⼸ԭ״

ųһۣ˿ҪȬºѡ
šΪǹųϣԵչˣȬÿ졣

⼸Ϥչˣ
˫ߣʧһۣ಻㡣

ҩ֮Ϊ̣
ֱϣȣȻҪΡ

øɼ˵仰ͬʱ޵ĻȲȶһ뵽Ϊҩһ뵽ﹲ޵Ķⲻ
ˣǿΪ޲УЩķŭ벻ƽӸоó

ģ˵ǰߣҲ㡣
ޡ㣬˲޵ıӰеİδйĸо

˼ȴҲעŽӵĶ˵ֹĻˡ˵ԼĻл˵ܣӺˣ
ЦӭǰȥҪȥ𣿡Ҳм棬ܹ޲ô⡣

ĹĽֹںˣ䲻еĿǾ鱨Ҳ֪ĳࡣ
Ǻ£ҲǶ֮ºȻ֮

֮ϣĻϲȴδء
ǸˣһΪࡣ

ûˣ޷顣
⻰˵飬׷ʯĳԼСޣ˲ɷ𣿡

ӣ϶ˣԼСܿࡣ
˸пԡ

ص룬֮еΪԼǳС
ޣƷǳĲΪ֮𣿡̲סʵ

˽֮⣬ںʲô˵ףȴԵòں
ֻǲ潭¡ֻôشţҲȷʵԭ֮һ

ǲɸı;һ˳Ȼ
˳Ȼ᲻֪ء

ޣֻ˳ȻܵõԲ
Բʲôģӡ˵ЩǽӶ棬޷ʲô

ЦԲȻյֻص㣬ָԹ
Цش᲻֮뷨ӣԲ𣿡

ģǴ𰸡
ԣҡͷ֮룬һֱŲࡣϣɽ˵ڣѲٲ׵ʲô

ʱɫޣôģ

ôһֱǸԼָĿƺͬܶ˵ԵһۿʼŷǷֵ뷨ȻʱӵΪԼΪҲͬ⣬ĮĶ֮ȻԼԶ޷סǰһ
û
޻ش˻ʱٲ֮ϡ𽣷˵ͻȻ˵
ǵһʶ𽣷˵ʱҽӣЦŴ𽣷˵˵ǰһȻ֮δ㵽ط

ʱ뽣֮ĹϵֱڣΪڽΪҪ֮ˡٲŸı֮ĹϵĻʹȻ޷ȡ𽣷˵

ᵽޱ̸ܶҲٲʡΪᵽˣ
һæ֮ûʲô̸𣿡Ȼ˺ų̶죬ǰĺѣ֮䲢׽

õġ
Ҳ֪֮л

ʵǰȥδ֮ӽ¡
ţδ֮˼ʱ֮ţ޸еȣʱ֮űֻǧ˵û뵽÷𽣸ҵ

û
Ҫ𣿡ʱ֮ţ˱书Ϊܸ⣬ҲһҪǳȶŲڱڱ˴ز

һֱǸҪ֮ӿЦǷն࣬ҲֹΣ֮¡
ǰʵҲûаʱ֮ţƽཻ꣬޷׶Էʵչƾ˵㣬֪书ϷʤԼһ

ʲô˼֮Ӻ
ֻзֺ£
δ֮ʲôǷ񿴵Լ뽣ӹϵݱ䣿֪һ𣬻վַɣ

˱Ѫǡ
ţѪǣѪһ֮޲ĥš

йԭѪļأԼδΪѪΪϣ֮״
รȻį̃ѪδΨһߣܺǵĴڡǿ֮κμأ

ûСҡͷ
ûУʵڸеơ

ǽ˵Ѫأʮԭش顣Ľ˵˵е֮ˣѪ岻κιϸ𣿡
޷ס

ԣꡢ˲ԭҶ֮֮Ϊδϲ޼أѵ
ҲԷ𽣽ʱ֮ź󣬱Ѹıԭе˹

ԣ˼ѪǲԼκεļأʾһɡǣô𽣵ĸıҲǻ¡֮¡
ǲ˼飬Ҳֻܾˡ

ȸģֺ֮
ΣҲ飬ֹɡ

ˣκ¶õȻǰɢʱ̸Щ֮£ۼ֣ǲɣȴҲѲ˽֡ͻȻ̾
ʱڣѽ͡

˵Ρ
ᡣ

أøӶ֮Ρ
㶼ţӻ˭

С
ԣӴЦҲƽˡ



һ̸Ѫǵۡʱ֣Ĭ짼ɷ޻ϴơֻҪ޳ţûлȥǱ׼Ҳ⡣
ӾδУ뽣Ӷ䲻˵ĶԴͬĸд

ҹȻ֮˳Լż⣬˶̸ǰΪһƬɼپ;סڴ˵أϰ

ӣǺΪνҹȴĸӣͤʯϵ˵š
ǰܻ˵ϵĸĸԼĸǷ𽣡ҲǺ̫࣬ĸӸ˭

ޱԼҵľƹ𣿡վһԹǵЦŻش𡣽ҹ޺˲پƣҲرࡣ

Цǰƣ˲
ҪΪݺԽ񣿡

ӣѵϨ˰ɣ
ţƵؿ

ҪúÿϵӣҲ˵Щʲôֻǵƴۣۿӡ
Цһ֮ͤϨ𡣡ڻȻ֮˵ʲô

֪
档

ǲ޵üϸ鰮
Ҳԣֻж޲õϸ鰮ʱ޵зǳ档

ÿ졣
ҪԹĳ˵ڣӰ䣬ΪλĮĽһҲں

Ȼ֮ڣֻ֮ڵϣס¥硣бۿֱͦվİɫӰֻϵ䷲ǳϲͬڣӡ
Ȼ֮ûйһ̲ӭޡ

µҹѴЩ⣬ҲЩڴסϸһأֻҲ˵
รԭ¥סϸһأͲٻӭˣӹⷴ

ץ֮ﲡЦĿģҹⲻ̸£Բͼ⡣굱Ҫһס¥϶ǲٻػȻ֮
ìܣ㲻ϲڴ˵һͬƣȻ𣿡޳ҹƳ裬Ҳڴ˰ͬ˯˵ǺѣԾȾ˾ͱ˴˻ߡ˵ɫȴֲΪϾ֮ס

ǰ֮УݷһɵػȻʡҲ֮¥Я꣬ƻõоѷڳɰ
óİʾȴû̫ı仯ֻʵޣǷ£

ֻҪʳߣɷ˶ף˳ҵĹޡҲΪ˶θ׷࣬ԲŻ뷨
ǵȻ㲻ǳ˵Ƿ֮𣿼ˣô¸ˣ

ΪǳףԴ˵֮²Ϊ֮
ϸ˼˵ûд˵һʱ׾ת˸䣬ȫͬڵĳײѾɣʳ˼̻𣬲˼¡ҲˣֻҪˣ

ΣΪӻᷴԼ˵û뵽˻Ӧȵѽһߵ˫ۣע
ҪºܴľģԼڷǳĸϲˡ

ӡԣỽ֡ĽôԼҲеİĻôҪβ˵ľģ


кβԣ
ΪνҹԸ̸۴£ǰ˵Ů£ܻȡЦԼʧ˵ΪȻ׸ı仰⣬̸ܶ

ûʲô̸ģȻ¡Į
£ŵ˫ʡʶŨʱ֣콫ٽһ֮ļڣڴȻʹļα仯УȻ֮Ȼɾɼ˵ķҲµŶı

Ҳȥ﷢˥ģɺò񳤴棿˵ˣӲ̾˿ˣܿסĴݲУȥҲ˸ı䡣
ѵýۡ˴ˣ

ǹµؾԴɫϵ··ϵͷȴԵþӨ͸ǵ͡
ʵͬͷΪ֪ϲǱ㽫һ͸˽ӡһֱϣʮ뿪ǷԼҲͬİ⣿

ѵĴۣǱĬˡ
Ц˦䣬žĻȻ֮ϲӣῴǵıѽգգ˫ۣ˵ǲ㣬һֱңң𣿡

̰ߵǰȻҡָŶϷǿϹޣ䶫ʰ׹⣬ΪΪС

ΪֻͬӣȴأͻȻ󣬽˳Ϊ¡
ţӿ̾˿ˣޡ
޵ͬգڵĶԡӶ΢Цε

ڽԥ֮ʣһ߳⣬˼һԼһϢƾյϸƣ־дˣǲᰡЦ˵š
޴˾ٵĽӣڻع󣬲Žֲˣѡ

𣿡۽⿴תʱ¶΢ЦҲǴʱ˾һشˮԲŻ鲻Խ
ˮ΢㶣ѲֻʾǺã׾ԴǵԼƲʱ֪ôӦ
ޣдǿæ˵Ȼתȥϵӡҵⲻ١
ӿرĿ⣬Ľһθе֪롣

ȻķӦ޸ΪȷŸıԭеĹϵǶԵľҲӱͶԼ飬ֻ̰ڹеǰŻĮΡӣÿ˵е޵ģ𣿡
ţ˵ʲôʵ

˵Цˡڴš۸ȥԼѳֲסҪмˣΣ
ҹ¶أޣϢˡ

ǵϢ֮ʣԵȻһŲȣǰ㣬ӾԾæתסȴ˽ڽϡ
ôˣʵ
ǵһ˵ףЩϰߡ

ǴŮ˼׳ʿˡ
Ȼ̲סؽ˽ӣͣҪٵȶãл׽˿вڵĻȻ֮϶ܳΪʵɾ

㡭
֮ʣǾȵϢʹԼ˼ҡף޽ҹǺҲã¶ҲգܸҪĻӦ˵ֵֻվš

һ󣬽ӲǿЦ˵ıɷڵӣ

Ҫֽº𣿡ûлӦ˵ĻҪš
˵ǽὭ£ǿ˿ڡһɲǼ䣬ҲֻҪӲ֣Կֹͣ˽µж
ΪҵģûȫΪһŴ¡

걾ǲ㽭ǲȾӰ˵øˣýΪѡ

޲ԸֽµԸƺǳǿңӦѪе޵ΪѵĻʵڲǿͬУԼδ֪˵С
Ϊɼģʲôзִ硣ѣطɣԭҶ˻еڶսù۲졣
Ҫƿޣ֡㻹˵ʲô𣿡

ûʲôֻ˵Ȼ֮֮ɾֻᡭ
ڰʾеĴڡߵס߲ˡޣҹƣۣϢңж

ѵģ𣿡
ЦȷʵޣȴԸġ

Ĭˣ
Ǻʶӵһμ˵ޡʵҲ

ҹѲˡ
ףܾԭôѵ¡
ֻԼ֮䣬ֽεľ棿
⣬ƺѿ쳬ƿصķΧ



粻ȾˡȻȥ ߣ

һҹڷշתߡһǽĸңֵ飬ȴһ˼Լľ
һߣǷнһϣһ


峿ǱǲѣȻ߳ϴʱȴӵӰǲ浽ͤһ̽ſͷ졣

ޣˣһЦʡ
ǰǰʱڵԼ緹Ӳˡҹû˯

Ҳ˯ðȡЦ˦䡣
ţޱΪҹ֮󣬽ӽ񳿵̬Ȼͬƺ졣

ҹǸʱ޴ĳƣ۲ٲԼú½ûдλѱ۲ԭҶ֮ڶս
ӽ񳿵̬Ⱥҹȫͬ⿴ƻظԭӣʵǸԶ˱˴˼ľ롣ҹ

˵ĵʣѽŵޣңǶӶ˰ɣ
ȻӵƽûʲôѸоǿˡǶˡڴš
ǻʲôԷȥɣ
˵ŽӱҪȥȴס

ôˣӻͷ㲻Ƕˣ
ӡҹ֮£ȴ˵ڣӽյķӦʵ͸ĵʲô

ȥҪҶˡ
תͷǰߣ޼ıӰԶ룬Žȥ
ޣҪ¥𣿡пҹ֮µĻᡣ
ʵԴ޿ʼҹһֱƾ޵ԸסþסãҲܻʵʱ뿪ɽӵŹ

ϿͣŽ΢Цŵʵҹ֮ˣһƺһ´棬˵飿
Ӳ֮ˡ

ΪҪôʣ
ʵҪæ˺㡣

ݣȴҹеرĮҪæʲô԰ꡣ
ŶЦš¿ްﲻæ

ʲôģʵ
ЦҪΪлҩҲҪ𣿡

⡭һԼͽӰ룬˽ŵģΪ˲̫ʱнӴҩҪ̫ʱ䣬ͷѽҪæ岻ݴǡ
ʵҲ׼ǳ⽣ΪиҩҲ˶ȥЩ¡

ҹױʾԼﲻϲ뽭Ƿˣȴ˵ⷬʵڲҪίǨԼ޵ˣ㲻ںҵ䣬ôڻȻ֮ɣ

ӣ׽ҹ񳿽̬ȵ졣
Ȼǽӣ׽˵ţլڡ޶ˡ

𣿡Լﲢͬӵ˵



һϣӰʱ䶼ϣҲʽ档Ȼһ̸ȴҲֻԼӦ껰Ȼ㱣ֳĬɷϣǷǳĴڣԼΪ顣

磬ͤ壬Ĭ짰µϢ
øϸĵĽɼⷬΪѵʵۺ찡Ϊҩֻһµʱ䣬˭ϵýӾϸĵһ硣
𣿡ӿ̣״棬ȴҲĵ˼ǡƽ£ҪЦˡ

ҮҪҲùųնһֱֻۣչһӿɺã޿ЦƵ
ԣһҪųߣڲѵ£Ц֮ƺùЩϲųҲҪ˺㡣

ϲǹųѣӡΪĿֶҲҲһˡ
Ҳԣ˹ųĸȡһӣЦţܿ޻еĺ⡣

Ȼഺųأ˲裬֪ԼҪʲôȴ֮
Ӳ̧ͷԣӦֵӣþò֮ųˡ
Ȥ

ʹѿεĹųȴͬһ㣬ްٿᡣǰǻǰд轣ʱӡ
˵д裬಻̸۰ˣ

ѽ벻̸Уѽˡע⵽ȥٻȥúѧϰѧϰ
ʤţǸΪģҲռˣ

лİο
ĥƬ̡

Ҫȥʵ
ùų˵ֱԼķȥΣĽ

İɫӰƮݵ䣬ŲȾաȺ˻һ𣬵ʶĽɼףԡ

ѣųڴˡŽߵǰ
СĽӹ֣Ц껹ǵõһų֮𣿡

ңԶĹȥܲ¡޵ļһֱã˵ζһ¡
ЦҲܶڽвôҪȴǵΡÿ죬ļһ

รһۣ仰֮޶˵Բʧš˵ޣǵˮĽӣ֪ǻˮһ𣿡˵£̣һԵĲߡ
ϱߡڶ

޿˵ɣӿⲻԹ˳ֵ˲衣
ã˳ô˻ֿԼǰǷܺС

ԭһעǡʡ˿ڲ衣
ȻҲЦ˵ǵʶ˶ãſĹų

ʮɣӼǵʶʮңĳԵѹųøޡ
ʮǸǧʮҹĽŶԡŽʣп˵
ųǳӣͬǽԭǷʥ֮ȾѪ𽣷˵նҵڹų󣬲κγȴҲΪжȾѪȡ

รĻ
Ȼǲ̡Ҫֽų͵ȱĵĵȴǻȫޡҡͷʾԹȥ֮¸еƽ

ǺС֮ųҲʱţ
Ǵ֮һлᣬޱĹųһͨҲֻҪһڣӱѹų
ǰ֮ĴʵָжҲſ϶¥ѿǺ֮С

޹غȤҵǲֻܾˣʱ衣
᣿

̫Ƶ˷ζҲ״˵ȵ
ǳҲرߣ𣿡

ֻҪ㲻ᣬųʱ档
ɽ裬أ޻ųָӽỮ˵ལˣ뽣Ѻ϶ΪһôĽԼ彣棬֮뷨

޵뷨ˡ˵ʲôס
𣿡

֮ལʹʱľ磬Ҳôִڡˡ뷨
Ƿ𽣵ķ뺴Ӳж£ִˣ

̫أ¼Ҳֻзһ˿ԱҪ˵ִţҲԡ
ûУûз𽣣񣿡

ֻΪ֮ԵԶΪǣģȴǲܲӵ⡣
Է򣿡

ҲʱƲ򡣡
ȴòӾ޷Լķ򡣡

أ
硣

Ҳ޲áЦţΪ˲衣ԭҶ֮ҲıĹʹУʹûޣһԻŬͱ˴˼˺Կδ
ıǰ̬ȣΪҹлᵽҹ֮¡

ҹЦҡͷ˵ҹĳ˾ƺףǿ֮½ӲΪ
ˡӽյĿر̫ԣ̲ס˵Լ뷨

รǿ㣬òϰˣ
øӣܹݡ

𣿽˳Ȼϣǿʲô
˵˳Ȼ᲻֪ԭ򡣶ͬĲǿҲ㲻ǰҪءǻԭأʧߣ

Ϊһҵƿ֮У
޴˻ģȴ֮Ϊʧȥ׵

˵ԸǲòΪˣ
ִ뽭Ǹ棬᲻ȴĳŵ˽޷ı佣ӣôÿǵصδ֮·ѡ

֮һǵá
𣿡˹ųˣལԽΣ

ţ޵ʱǶιĻ䡣


֮ͬ·𣿡޿ĽĿת
Ҳ˵

֮ǰ᲻һ֮Ŀ档ЦţʮһųʵڵĻҲӻһƣʼղΪ
̼ǵ˵һ̸۽ʱóýӼ֮ͣԸ⣬ֻΪԷԼ֮ˡڴ̬£ͬҲϣɽ͵ԼǰԼҪһԷ䰮Ľȴ

仰˵ţųһʣȱصɴҲˣ

ǼƷһ֮ģ֮֮ϸŹųϲ֮ڡ
ƺǳϲӶķӦе졣ĹΪϧųѷֶԹųӰ

֮ųʵᰮ֡
ϧ޷˵

ҲҡͷҲֻнɼӵʥȷ̰֮ͼ
һѽˣޣƺЩ

Ŀţֻ˲ӵȻĵ
ҲɣֻΪɼ

겻ɣ˭ɣɰɣȥһϮ£ٷȥӵصɫʣҲǸķ찡
ԭ࣬ͷĲʱˡӲȡЦ

ӣ˵𣿡
ʲôӲ⡣Ҳ飬ͷĲʱˣ

ˣ꣬겻ˣǷΪķ죿
ᣡش

Ƿ죬ǽɼϵķˡ
ЦɣҪǵҷԹҽԱѵ׷

ѽüҡͷ鿴ƽţȻһЦϼįһ˵е˱
ЦӾ޵Ļִ˼ֵ棬ǹ˵Цӻǵãôһȴ㵽ҵķҽ

ƽֻܹ𣿡
˲ƽôࡣ
ԣ޴ЦǲеĬЦδ֮ǰҲ漴ЦݣȻָ˳ŹųĽл£˼
ʱһųҲǵһ͸¶ԼԽӵ⡣



ʲôʵ
ˡعʱӳľƣ˳űܿ޵ʻ

Ƭ귢أ
ǲܡӺĲ衣˼ţǷڽѪΣԶ뽭ùų㣿

ˣ
޵˶ԣ֮ﵱᡣ
ͻȻ⾪ף𺳶ʣǻȻ֮ѵõĶ

Ĺų궼ᣬǻʲôأӡ
ʵˣޡ
֮ƺѹѹһƬԶٱȶ

ǲһƬƲʣ֪ҪһشԼ⡣
ֶƲʣ

ӡ޽ųϣv󣬱ڳʡ˹ųȱ˹ų֮ˣкȤأ
꣬ССͤӿɵסһӣγһǽ˿մʪ˽ӡ
̫ңõûлͷʲô¡

ΪӲκˡ
İľ飬Ҳ֮

᲻ϲմʪ
˭˵մʪ

˭˵ԿմʪΨ䣬᲻ᰡ
ร

ϲƮݵ䣬ѡ
˭ҪԼϴⷱΣ޷ӯڡ

ص㲻šͬ·ڲ֮ͬϣֳǽȻͬϵһϮؾΣΪҲѡ
ɷɣҲǽɼٶĻ룬Ҳֻǲʵʡ

ʵ䣬û˻룬Ȥ
˵ɫԼˣͻȻе˽Ȼ֮ķΧеķÿ͡˵

ɷ𣿡ʱƺ˵㡣
ǡ

˭
һέ

ŶԣһέǽɼһֿѣסҰǰͻ˽ӵĽ𽣣Ҳ¥ݷöԼܾ档˲ڹͤ𣿡
սƽˡ
Ĭ짵һέĳֻȻ֮ӱ֪յս

Ϊվʤһս־ȱȻӽռᵽԭҶ֮ս翴ǲʱϵƶʱ֪ʵš
Ҳˣ

Ȼ֮ˡ䲻ģ޹е΢Ц˵ôһԹĻ
ȾֺȾ֮壿

ڴʱһέܵȫʪӰŽ֮ʱŷֽˡ¥ޣ¶һέʧˡ

յϴҴһ֪ԭἰ˲ķɡǰΪ뽣֮ϤӢ֪ԼŽɼ붦֮Ѻãһεļʱʼ֮¡¸꣬û뵽һ޵Ŀ

һέǽɼֿѣ޿
ҵɽӲԸɽҰύΪѡ

ҮĮܳΪֿߣй֮
Խһ֮Ӣˣһέ֮̾۹⡣

һһЩ׻Ϊһέ˱Ȳ衣
ѣȫʪҪڸɾ𣿡

һѣüһ壬ܡϱ϶Ϊѵģ²࣬һέֺ֪ͽӺεȽˣǰ˵һέ£ǰ͵Ȼ֮Ҳ֪Ž顣

ˡ˵Ŷһέһˣϵˮ漴ɡͺá

ɣ
Ҳáһέ˲裬˵յĽյˣ

СΪһȲ衣
ǱǸΪæڶԸҶˣ޷ٴǰһέ˵˻ʱֹų޵ǰеʡԽӵ˽⣬ǻװѹų֮ˡ

޷֪ǰΪ˺£
յսѳƽ֣Ĺؼ֮սѡ⡣

԰ӵ˲ڶĶ𣿡
ǰȴҲΪ˶Էǿа۴˶ҵġ

˳ȻҷʤĻм
ҵġ
һέδϣЦ£ҽӴҲܳԭҶ֮

һۣӾͽӣʵڲҪڶһέǰҲѡɡָȥ˵ûҵֲ룬ԭ䡣
ǺܺãһέΪǼȹϵϣҲ˽ϻȻ֮
ԽûģҡȣЦʵ

һέҡͷϡ
һϣӣѲˡ

ֲɣȫأ
겻ɣǽӴɣָԽ򡣡

¥޴ڣķɣ
ԣ᲻Ѳ¥İ޵˰ˣܱȵһ絣𽭺εĽɼأ

˵ϣһԵĶһέ̲סƺ氮뽣˵ЦΪ籣أ׶һ಻֮ˣû뵽Ǻͽӽõܻ٩

֪һղѿ棬ͻеǷζ
һέЦҪ뽣ӿߣ֮١Լ뽣֮䣬ǱӳԵģҪһ仰Լӹ֮ʱ

ЦҸе档
ûֻ޷ѡһέҡͷ

ӵĿڲͨԵڣΨԡҲֻǰλȴԻڼŷɵĺ޴˰ɣڵ
Үѽӣ˵ǸøеǳĹ٣⡺е𣿡

еһ֡Ц˵
ߣǿŲǳտ֮⣿

߽С
ƫǡ

һέ̷ҪŲѣҿӦǳտĳɷֶЩ
޴ЦǶһέʱǺáΪһȲ裬һл֮˽⣬Ծһ֮ꡣ

֮ꣿһέ˽һۡлл
˵ţȴ񼡣ǸһֱĮĽӣʱõóԼĻȻ֮ˣԼⷬ˵ֺôģʵڸ㲻ʲô

ÿˣӦá
ޣƷǳģӾʱҲܺҲ˸ˡ

֤ҲΪ𣿡
ô˵ţ¶һέͷˮڴʱȻ֮ͻȻ紵𣬵ˮȴƮɲͤڣһέϸһŷֽһǽŷꡣรԭǽʹǽҲͤ

޵ġ
޴˲ϲմʪ·һέʵ
ȴϲѵ䱻ˮմʪ

รһέǸе⣬޵͸¶ѰѶϢ
Ц˶һέҹҪҹ𣿡
һҪϽȥＬӣ߶š˵׼ȥ

ͣ
ٵȥһڣҪɽɾˡ

Եһ¡ͻȻתֻᴥǽʱ롣
ꡭ޽漴һӣǽٴγɡʲô

һ㶣ҲδⷴӦЩҪðɡ
Դ͡

ãһҪ鷳һέЦ쳾
ˣԹе΢Цγһ겻ߵֱͨڡ

Цл˵ȥ
ڲӰʱһέ벻޴˶Խġ
ȻΨһֿѡ

ҲǺ棬Ӿܱ˵ıҿ۽硣
֪ɲ١漴Ц

һֱΪõǷ𽣣벻޴뽣ӵ꾹񡣡
ԣ޲ϲãֻҲ֮ѡ

е죬ǽǳ
ǲǴţʵ

óԽӵǳ񡣡
޲Цǰֻ᱾£κչ

޴һһέ㶣޻˼ƺѳķΧ⣬֮Ǻ仨⣬ˮ֮ˣ
ǰĮĽǶЩظУ׽׷ɵøǧ򱶵Ĵۡ

˵ۣⷬܲ׾Ƿȥ˵Ļʵ⡣
Ҳ޷꿴̸ô̵ʱڣдųˡ

ǰӵٶǿ졣
ܵýӵֱʼ¡

Ŷ
СĽӣཻ꣬ȴҲдŸᡣЦűԹ

Ҳǳ棬òдŰɣ޵֣һέʵڲ֪λش
Ҳɣ
˵ˣѻصͤڣһӣǽظǰ֮һέ֮Ĺϵ⡣

ѣ鷳ûȥˡ
Ӧõġһέżɡôλˡ

޷һ̡
鷳ɡͻء

ˡ
ҲнϻȻ֮棬ڡ˵ɡ߳ͤӡ

ĿǰһέԶߺ޿ԣץ֡ʪˡ
С¡΢ʪˣʵڲôں

᲻մʪ겻𣿡ָС
㡭ղ˵һεĻظ˵ţ⡣ִ̫С¡

޲ὣӵ˵˼˻ʵⳡã
꣬óҲ

ϧڻȻ֮޷ܵ¥̨ңա˽ӵ֡
Ҫȥˣȥ֮⣬Ӽʵ

짳ɡʱἴת¥硣
ţ죬˵ʹԼˣҲҪͻȻҪߣΪһέĳ֣Ÿı⡣

ɽɫɿ飬ƻáҹǲ࣬ⲻ֪ĺҹ˺εȵ˼̾š

ϲ̸£ڶһέʱҲֻǲϼ仰ⷬ˹ϵƣ޵ⲻΡ
ԼԹеķʽĻ϶ҹһ㣬ñ˴˵Ĺϵβѡ
Ĭˡ

𣿺ѡ
ԭҶ֮սҽ¥ݷá뿪Ҳãôһս


Ȼ֮ĳǼҲṩ¥̨Ļʱǿ

ҪʱأӺѡ
ûлش𣬶Ҳڶ󣬱˼ĬֱúĬɷĵĶԻ

˼ƣһͬ¥磬Ϳͺ󣬱Ȼ
ε̤·û뵽谭˽Ĵڵޣ޹ֺԼŲ˳ء
Ȼãʥ֮·ǲܲˡףþ߳Լ·ޣҲֻǱǸˡ

飬ǲףֻΡ

___________________________ 

粻Ⱦšͷ ߣ

ҹеķ⣬š

ڴϾһŽӵ漴ſ˫ۡ롣

ӻ뷿ڣ˴ԣû̫ʱҶһ𣿡ǰһֱûôе⣬ֻΪˣоĺúõ˼
֡ҡͷ

ǸûףҲ˵޷ΣʹࡣΪѣҲܼ㲽ΣնӪȡ
Ӳ϶һۣѳΪѪһ塣Ŀմ˱ˣҲԸΪԭʿ½ĵжԡ
֮ˣ᲻á

ס
ʵû뵽ֻй֮ԵĽӣͦԼû뵽ΪԼôеĹųʣһԼػȻ֮ˡ
̼ǵͷ𽣷˵ʱĬĬһ֮˱ȥ֮䲢ûĽ飬ȴԸԼΣ֮ʱԼħ֮ʣԼһѡε¼Զ޷ĮĽɼʵλŵȳ֮ˡ

Ů𣿡ȻƽԼԻĵļǡ
ǾȲɡ

ʹΪѪһ壬ʹĿǰûпɽ֮Ҳ
޷ΨһʣµˣҲˡ

šü˵ĸǸӡ
˼
ΪһǣңϿ֮£ǵĹϵԼټϽʽʱҲо޿ԼʱȻͬż͸¶ĵĵĮЦݿεˡ

ûʲôֻ뵽ԼȻһǣң֣Ҳ£Ƿͬһ񣿡
ԡ

ųԼҲܱˣӲЦ߳Ծֺĸ룿
ǷѾ߳δҵıֲܲҵŮܲȣˣԲᡣӪȵĹУҲǰʧ롣
šô˵еģδδŮ£Ѳǰɱ޹

ӣȻˣӦһ֮ˣ𣿡
ţûϵлôʣһ㶣Цҵֿѡ

𽣷˵
¥ޡ

ᵽ¥ޣ뷨Ϊֿѣȴ˺Լ֮ˡ˵
п

šһ֮ʶ֮ȴֻһҲΪĲͬ򡣻һģ֮⣬ֻʣһСˡ
ţƺҪ˵ʲôе£ʮֹġ

ɫһɲǣɹʲô顣еˣһսʧȥĲֻ׵ˣͬʱҲʧȥ˽Ψһ֪
Ȼأ

ҲԹĲͬΡ
㡣

пЦҲѹԼأҵ̫أӲйǵһ̡ʹŰ飬Ȼֵ
յĴԼˣĺڣ

ҡͷҲԼ֮·ߵȴеʮֵΡ
ʵҲ֮԰˼ŮϣΪĲģһ

߽ߣ˲Ϊ󣿡
ӵ΢ЦԼҲ쳾ٵĽһѲʹΪ֮Ҳǣ

Ǿԣû壬Ҳ飬𣿡
û壬ٻ飬һС֮յ𣿻ֻһʱĸд֮أΪ룬ʴȵı֡΢ЦС

ϲ̸ôУֻнӵְĵĸоûϵкôһ졣
ӸеƣʵΪ˵ԣ

ദܼ֮ԼѹֵǳȻһ̤ͬĳأһֲйɡ
ħأ

룬ԵӦҲ롣
ָ𣿡𽣾ͲˣִھҵΪʵ⣬ĲΪκθæġ

šеͷ
ҺĽ飬ƣ˵һʱǻ٩Ӷ࣬Ȼɷϣ˸еǳ͵졣

˵ķ糾֪¡вйľ飬һʵڹ̫ˡ
Ҳл𣿡

й֪ȴƽް⡣ν֪ǶԱ˴˵˽͸񣬼ʹΪԷϧȻǷúǷǵµȿͷǶΪʧжϡ
ʿΪ֪Ϊڡλ˽ۡ

һΪĻ룬Ҳܺڡ
ΪΣΪΣӲʵ

ҸøΣֻ
Ϊζܺڣ֮⣬ӵʲôͬһ㣬ΣӵйʲôǶǣҲǶ飬ǶԼΣ

еͷ
ȫԼܳܵˣͬȴֲΪ˸еء

޷ȴδܴﵽĿģǾעˡ
֮ͬĿ

Ƿ𽣷˵
ûҺΪλֻ

Ϊһ˲ˡ
ร΢Цû뵽ղ޼һҲ޵ĸԡҲڵʺϿΡ

ҲԭҶ֮ս𣿡
ܲӸҡЦŻش

ҲΪҹ֮ΣʹӶûǰ⣬Եģ޲ᵥֻ֮顣Ǵˣһ۱ܿ
รӿ˵˭ܲΪأ

вֻ΢΢Цš룬еΪôԼأ



գӴеͤӦսϢϴ¥硣ԭ뽣ǰȥսȴյȻ飬½תΪĬ
ʵͲµѡУһέԮʱӲûκαֻ̬Ҫһέβ԰ӵľ

д˴㣬Ϊβ˵дЦ쳾ѵ˵£ô˵ڷˣ
˿ˮ̣¥̨ϵİƣʡ
ƵΪԼ͸ƵʱΪԼͣ

ƫС
Ϊҩ£ֻĽԼԶʹιذУվΪŮۡ

еŮѳΪѪߣ޸ıѪʵ£ǽҪǰĪ

ɫﵹӳŰɫĸƣȴ¶һ˿Ц⡣
껹Ҫۏ˻ˮ𣿺ѡ

ȻѴӦһͬڶԸѪ֮ϣûдҪн鷳
ӣѪ֮ǿУô֮ŮҲڣ𣿡

֮ŮǸö󣬼ȻҪˣԲİæ뵽ˣЦٳ˿ˮ̣Ȼ󻺻³

ֻȡף֮硣Ϊŵƽ£ȱٲ˷صɵľ񡣡նݳһɱظƵķֻ֮ƣڱ᲻ͬķҲʲô֮

ϣԵĳ롣ΪӵΪΣлԵĶ棬ֻʩ̳ͷȭȭߡ

ר˼δ֮·һԵɷ￪ڴ˼άˡƮϢޱ¥̨ɷеıǰ̽ӡΪ׼ֽʡ

ร޿ûҪ¡ĵķ׼ֽҪĵ𣿡
ΪҪ¶Խ˼Цţᵽӡ
Ĭʳȥʱʵû뵽ع顣˽˲ϲմʪĽӱػûСɷҲٶʣ֪λȻ֮ޣ˱˸ᶨľġ
˺ξĬ짶֧üʵڸеѹǱΪ׼ֽʡ

˼˼飬ΪǣѲ㵥˼˼ͱͼٷĳ֣಻ʱˡЦţ̶ˮƮɢܡ
ǲܣܱȻúá

Ц¥֮һεЦա꿴óӶ𣿡
֮ǰɷĬ˽۹Ӷ˵ĸ飬ȻĬ짲ͬŮҶԸжϣΪӶ˲ֻһ顣Ϊĸص̫޷ȴѷ֣ˡ

أ
ɱȡ

ΪΣ
ǰ˲ͬɷҡͷ

Ĳͬ
ǰֻǵꣻ֮ĸȴǸΪ븴ӡ

รܿó£ΪνӻӶڽУǲ֮ˡ
ɷţв֮ˡֻģԼвǾԵΨһ̫˽޵ĸԣֻҪҪģϲģ;ԵԼһС

ֻǷ죬ҲԼ̰ţһκ֮󣿡
˲鳬׿֮Ȼ˺󣻵ףɼ֮׷󡣶ԭеĹϵûκζȴʹ֮Ĺϵ޽չ򡣡

޽չˣ˺ȻƲֻ꣬ʱǲ
Ѿ

ҪΪö̤֮뽭˵ˣһ¡ɷȡ
ǡԸɷ漴ֽߣ

ĶռǷ̫ǿЩſüһЦЦؿŰɫĻδʶǰĸҲ׾һ㣬κۼ
֮ˣˣ˭˲ϣȫռжԷ

ΪǿԱܵģ˵ţ˱ʣӰ
֮飬Բ

֪̫£ıߵÿ죬ǡˮ㣬ٻ˽ӵΡһԵɷﾲۿһ޿˵ţȴΪΪôΥ֮
סˣͲΪˡ

ǰ᲻ẉ̂ܳΪ֮ףϾɵĳɹԼ֮Ϊڿ˼֮ǷΪ
еľУʹɷ

ЦŰѵõķˮλڻƵĲλϣȻÿᴵһذ׵ľΣΧڽԡȻ֮ƺΪۣƣĽӣ˽Ĳذ֮ƣΪ֮£Ľӣ꿴𣿡

ǰȥȥʱ˾վͤƣһϮ紵£Ʈơ

ɿڻȻ֮ɽۣε룿Ʈݵ䣬ٵ᲻Ҳ
ʱڻȻ֮¥磬ټӰ

ϴֻԼƶˣЦ̸˵ڽ¹˸ʵɽγ
ɽ۴ǽӲ˵ĵطԭΪֻ϶Ψһӵһ硣
ɣվԼ𽣽ˡ
˿ǰУ

ɷʻ޲Ե𣿡
ǰȴǿ󲻵á

¥Ȼ֮ȴŽɼˣԨȻ֮ȥԶʱʶⲻԵŪʲô

Ҳ뽣Ӵ£֪Լǰ˵ٻأ֪ж¡
Ĭס¥֮󣬳ŵ⣬ܻ˵ͽӵĹϸţȴҲ֪
޼ʹΪףλǰӲԽӵĸ顣

֪ÿÿῴƺΪһһΪݣ֮أԶ롣ᵣţʱҪβץסӵ£
Ľȴ

ǰɵĽˡ𣿡ڷԼ
ԣɷﲻЦһʧæڡԽֻ𾴣

⣿
£Ʒ߽ұܹ׽̸֮

޷׽˾룬и񣬲ܸΪ𣿡˵ţֵ˵īݿڴ֮ٶʹīˮΡ
׽ˣȴ޷԰ε֮ˣɷ˵뷨

ѽ˵ĿʹҡͷỪλǰ޷á
˵Цˡɷæٰĥī

ĥȥǵټ˼
˲ĻڴΪĥһīýسǰ

ĵķղŴӻȻ֮뿪ʵ಻ɵãôʹʵҲ֮
õİ𣿡

ԣ޷˱ʣ˿ˮ̡³ʱŲƵ˵ߣ٣ʲν֮Ȳν֮Чͼ䣬Ա޷Ƶ⾳ô಻ʧΪɻļɡ
ֻҪܵõԼҪʲôûйϵ뷨

֮Ҳǲֶ𣿡
ֻ˵Ʋ⣬뷨

Ҳ޲ɣ𣿡
˵ɵͼϡڻһ˶ƺƵɽ𣿽ӡ



һͤϣĵƽ֣ʹսֵա
˺óһ·ŷ֣صȻ֮ʱ³֮ʡ

ҹӷڵӫӫǻȻ֮ΨһĹҹ֮ǰ˹סҹֻظԭ塣

Һ棬㲢ûгڹͤ
ΪҲȴĲںԭҶ֮ˡ

Ϊξʱ㣿ҡͷʵڲִΣ֮ʣôһ֮˽顣

˵Ĺϵûбֱ޵̬ͬſʼҪ֮ĸ顣
Ҵвֹͤһ£ӦϢ
ԽϢ֮У֮սδǰ¥ڵ֪¡

ʱҲϢӽϵͷ¹ϵСľϻϸһۡ
ϸĵ̣ͷֵġҲʮء

Ϯɵķ񣬲ϲǣ׸ʱȴûоܾԼе·޸ĳɿϵϴԱʱԼֽɼȱʲôĲо



ӡ
ʱ֣Ȼ֮˸ӵϻӣЦ⡣
ˣ
Ӳ֪Զѻص¥磬Ȼ֮ķΧʱŷϢǱվڴ˵أȺ

üˣӣ˼
˵Ҫʳʱڴ̣֮ʱ֡ΪҲһȫӰû뵽ͻȻԼǰ
ֻһ˵ô¶ǵĻ䲻ʧ޺ƤıԣȴҲӸеΪ顣˼Ȼ֮𣿡

Ҳڱʳ˼˼ǶϷĺ갡Цǻǰҡţǳĺá
Ļʡˡݲ裬һЩСˣºΪϴ

รѵҪΪԼô£޿ĵЦšעЩµһʢԴպѲͬ
Ĳͬӱ˵ڡ

ѩ׵Ӱǰ࣬Ȼѡ˿ΪԼæµѵӡվԭصţֱӰٶȳǰʱŴѵõ顣
ûϻػͤڣ߷źʱˣֻǲϲϵķ糾ȾҵĻȻ֮ԲΪϴ

𣿺ѡŲŽ˵һ
ѵԭ򣿡ӽڻ¯ϣһˣȼͷľ̿

겻̰ϣ̽ýӵ˼鵽Լ
ʱ˶ԣ𣿰겻ǵָһ˲һգǸøпʱŲŶԡ

֪˼Լ񣬵Ӵ𻰱ؾᣬʱ¡˵Ҳû壬ַӣȴĥ
㰡޵ΪԼÿÿ˵ֻ

һôԼתΪǳ죬Ȼڴ˵ʲô
ڱֲ˼񣬻ȴ˵˼֮ŷ̾˵š

仰ƺеڣѲɽԼزط֪ڱֲ˼أ
洺磬ãԶ϶졣

ѽˡ£ĿתĿŽӡ֮˼ǴյĺϲݣǸиԶ˼֮డû㲲֮ȴ˻Ȼ֮֮Ȼ꿴洺磬ãȴ֪ȫȻΪԵʡ

Ҳ֪Ȼ֮Ȼ˵֮ľһ˲䴺档Ӳ˳ڻش˾䣬ȴһѣϰ߳

Цÿģ겻࣬һ棬ȻǲԼӺѣһҪ֪꣬귽Ϊ񣿡
֪ģϸ˵

һԵˮˣ˲ҶϤĲ޸еĿ˵ֻҪ֪ģΪ⻰ڣ
ʲô𣿡

Үǰĵأδ棬ȻԼ޸еϤֺЦ
ǾͿ˵ɣ˫æµţΪʱһĻڻȻ֮ڣ޶Լݲ裬һֱΪ¡

áȻôˬ죬Ҳù̫࣬˲裬ʵѣ𣿡
ţӾס϶ʱȾ˺Σûϵ޻ôֱԼ⣬ٻղı飬һ֪̽ʲôģ漴üһ壬ⵯָһ˲ֺߣϲˣ֮⻹з𽣷˵Ҫһôʱ𣿡

һἰ𽣷˵ɵøеʧᵹ˻з𽣷˵Ϊ֮Ƶڷټʱر뷨
仨ʱڴ֮ϣ˵˵ȥʳ顣˳ת˻⡣

ѽ˼ˡ
Ѳ豭ϣΪˣ˼ף㻹û˵ʳ顣

ҪὫĳĻȻ֮𣿡
ǳ£Ҳ̸£մȾ˳

ǸܵĻʳеҲֻȨƵĶ񶷣кκ̸
ร˵Ļȴܴϰ꣬塣

ȥһλˣձǿܾõȡ෴ģڻȻ֮ȴеɽ磬ڣԼʹ˵أҲԸ
˵ͬð㡣뱱ĲãҲûˣ޷뿪ȥҵ˲ĺѣ
ἰԶʱûжʣΪ˺ǳŻٳŵϧԶС

ǿֻѣΪĳЩԭ򲻵òȥԼĵطеڣǻȻ֮ң
Ĳǿ֣ɧˡ

˲죬᲻ӭ𣿽ӡ
ֻ֮ϲϲǣҪ˵ĻػΪֵǳ

л֮飬᲻ϲҲȾϳա
ޡӸоԾɲǼɫʵˣ

ûɫا䣬Цţϲĵ𡣡ֻǱ˵ʵףΪӵĹģԲŻֵֿĸо
Ц޲˵Ҳʡ˵ʱһϴʲôееƵġ

С£ùһˡͻȻĶһҪ͸ꡣ˵ľϻóͷͷ񣬵ݸ
Աʳûϸ壬չ£ΪӨ͸

ûлشֻӣ겻Ө֮ʺ𣿡
ޣ̫ˡʱʵڰԼ˵ʵ̫࣬Ըпա

Ҳο뵽Ӱϣһ޹ȾϢ
̾Ϣϲ񣬵ϰӵЩװεĶ޵ĳܲա

Ϊ̾겻ϲš
ǣֻϴӲйκֻ¹⡣

ЦӴ˻޾ܾ֮⣬æ
ʲô䲻Ϊ˵ȴҲ

˽İ񣬿ڽ²λԹֻҪ·˵ƣ·Ϊһ壬ΪܺõƷ
ţһӣӲܾ̾ܵӲڴʱ뵽İɣ

ȻھʱΪ˷֪ͷʲô
ͷ֮⣬ҲǴ¥ޣԼֲڽӵĿر͸

֪ͷź⣿˵겻ɢ
ԣ޿Цӹ֪֮

ԸҾȻܡΪ˸мʢ飬ҹͱ¥ˡ
סϿͣ

ڴ˵޿ĵĻֲΪ겻ˣҲʱۡҪסþסá
ñĽᰡ

ֻһۡ

ǴΣס˰¡ÿЦ̸Ž£ʱǻɢɽԶɽͣƺ˵

ڻȻ֮õһΣǷܳһء



룬˷ʤϻϺ󣬻·¡

ɵףҽΪմȾʱ˵ĻɼȻǽɼԶ䡣

˴£ָһȻ֮Ĺâֻʣµ΢⾲ҫš

㻹𣿡Ŀš
ǰڻȻ֮ʱĻ䡣ȴҲΪЩδ֮·ĳء

Ҳôһˡ

Ĵ壬ղĵĸԾ
ҹĻڶ
ľѡ
ס



粻Ⱦʮ֮ ߣ

һΰӰ¥磬Ǵʧõʶħ졣

รͤڸٵ¥ָͣĶüһ˼˵롣ûϵ컺һԵˮ̣Ⱥĵ

ãɷͤ⣬ħһޣǿħ죬״һĿ棬֮

޿ĹάûиӦħ֮մ˵̬ѷǸǸ֮ˡǾסĸ֣Ǵˡأ

˵ЦˣסĸֻǸƣȻҾģǴ׵Ǹˡˡ
ЦţαЦݣ޲ΪȻôѾˣҲ뿪ĶԻԵģǴﲻϲ

ͤںȱҽֻΪһøķɶѣ
Σ̸֪֮£ƺôеȤħΪ˲ɿ⣬ҲΪֻԼˡ
ܾǲǵΪӦΪ֮
ʲô̸أԭıߡմϹϵ

ҹʹһĳ̸Ե
ߣ׺˺뻢ıƤõʶ

ԼĳһҲںħɴֱҪ˲֪ǼĪΪ
ԣֻ˿̣İ侲̬ȡ˵

޴ˣеħѵø𣿡Цţתޣÿı飬Ҳ֪ʲôӦ
ŶʵΣ

ǲΣֿѽɼ֮ˣ̣вľľһԵ˸еɣΪѵҲͷľʲôҩ
вأħ졣޵дӲζŨ

Ȼ
Ц̶еħΪ׾£ɱ޹ý˵𷣣ֻΪڽ⣬ο˵

ûв´֮Բ˵תӣŵֱޡ
Ŷ֪黹١

࣬ҶԱ治£ȴڽӵв¼ΪеȤԲעһ¡
ԣħֻǶע¶ѣ¾Ԯ֮ΪУ

ûв´ͣԭҶ֮£÷ǳı⡣Ͳߵκһ𣿡
Ӱ죿

˲˵Ϲִ£˽֪ΪɼĹϵ
ޱۣЦݲ䡣Σ

ļ˽ΥĶҴжϳĿֻǣ
ţ޹˼漴ЦΪҪǣأ

ΪɼǵΪ˾Ϊоģʵټǵڲ֮䣬ûϹı˴ˣڼɵŶԷ𣿡
ˣ񣬴йģڷֻ֮ĸ𣿡

ĶԽɼйģֺҪ˽¶ƵƵأʱĹ۲죬ǰ޶ԽɼټϽһᣬ̸У޺ԼһͬҰߣǸܶκ˸֮
ֻǴķͬˣ

รȥݷһ½ɼ˵񼣬ʲôķӦҲһĴ𰸣һҲϣ֪λеĺѣƽ¥﾿æЩʲô¡
ޱƵ裬̵ǣ˾޵֮귢⣬ŪˡжǰߵĿԱȽϸߣΪ뽣ӵɲԼǰǿ¡

вǻӰ𣿡һҪȥ߽Щ飬תᵽ֮¡

˵Ȥһ̸ˣ
עЦ֮ٿ֮¡뿪ɣ

һƺ޻Ӧʮּᶨ
͡ôǰմϱߣ趼Ը

ħת뿪˼󣬻˵ر벻׾Ҳӵصİ٣˺档
ûлشֻۿаЦݣֻһָоǾеᷳ



ԭҶ֮µ׶󣬽ϵ¥ޡ
¥Ȼ֮˫·ʱ븦ͨ¥С·߳ħӾô죬࿴һֻۣЦţȻ뿪

ţֻ޵йˣ˿ͨвʡ

֪Ǹպ·޵ѣԼʲôѡ˸еһɲϢ֮Ϊ顣ǻطʵ޷ȥ޻

һ¥磬ﲻĥŴ¡ȻԼҲŹ֣ȴղһѹ˵аС·ֻͨ¥磬ȥֻȥ
ҲûޣͬҵҲȫ˽⣬ǸҲֻ·ˡ

һ·˼¥ſڣƳ˵΢Цʱ˲䣬е¥ûκθı䣬ǲԸղĸеΡҡͷЦʵ짣𣿡
ڣ롣

šӵͷŲƶ漴ɴϤİڸ٣
Ӧǡ

ҽˡ
롣

뿪Ĭ짣ñ԰һڣ̧ͷһԭصıתΪеЦݡĬûǰֱнߣҲֻнɼһˡѣʲô罫괵ˣ

ǵԼЦĿƣЦݶԼе΢⡣·ȻȴְųصϢ𣿡

ڴжգ£
ʵħ֮¿գŸɸԼû뵽ӱǰʱҲħ뽣·ôֻԴε뷨

ŶֱͤһԵɷæ˵󡣡ɷý˵Ƿ͸¶κβѰϢ

ɷͷЦΪ˼޷ԲŻĸС
һʱûϵɷ˵ⷬĻЦ˵ɷȻõ˵洫ˡ

ʲô洫޲ʵ
ҵЦ

ɷԣЦŲҪش𣬶ȴ֡ȥɣлҪ˵
һ´ɷ漴˵ôɷиˡ
šݵسŷȥȥĬ짡ɷҪҵöˣ᲻ã

˵أѡ᲻ʵû¡ԺǶˣҲҵһɷĬ짡
ʹ㲻ᣬҲᣬ𣿡

ǰ˵ȴǷķſԸС
ʱ£òʱǿ󲻵á

Ȼǵɵ뷨Ȼ˳ƶΪȻǲɫʶĽɼ𣿡ǰΪп£ˮ̣˿ڣ¡
Ȼǡ
³֮䣬ӻ룬жòԼǰˮˣǵԴһ͸רעеں㲻ԼǰĶ

ɣЦţ̶ڰԱߣȻƮš
£Ŀ˳ֶͣһ԰֮ϡ޷ڿŰ٣˵ᵹǷǳգѣʮ겻ˡ

ԴӰ¥֮㲻ٵ٣裬ֻ
Ҳٷǳ˼˵ĸο겻ͽļįɣӡǽļį𣿸ֻϣܽԼҵӦǺߡ

㰮ϧȱλ۰ƴǡ
˵ףǲԸΪᵯһˣ˵šǰǿӣȴҪԼԶΪ

Ϊܾܾ
ΪͲپܾôԼٹҪЩĻǷҲһܾ²ᡣѵõᡣҡ˻ȣŽӡ

˵Цˡ˵ţԼǰ˻󣬲һҡİĶ
ǰ긧٣ᴵɻεĺࡣ

ţԴ˻ཻϽٺ޾ϲ٣Լ飬ôһ
кβԣ

ûСָѹϣԷ顣
ȻǺ顣ǵǵһκڻȻ֮ԸŰٵʱɱǴʱԼ

˵⻰ʱƽ죬ȴԼеԾ˵ˣҾͽġ
˵ţʮָᶯ˼ȴҲɣĬһı䣬ͷȥ

棿ʯͷϵɷ˵
ţİǵ˵ɡ

ɵķ񣬿ǽڸˡ㶵Ĭ짣Եλ˵Ϣһ°ɣ
šɨûз£ԡ

֪ΪͻȻǰˣ
֪

ڲҲǲȻˣԲŻԭҶ֮ȷ󣬱ɷ˼ֵرģһƲԭ
Ҳ

뿪Ǹƺ˺ҵĽ㡣ħУǺвɷǸɺ֮ˡ
Ǹ˷ࡣ

ȻʱĴ㣬δȴǲһ
һ˵ľ

ˣȴ᲻нԶ˺ˣӿ϶˵ĹϵԶ
ԶǳΣ˳Ȼɣ

˵ţҪɷＱæס½ǵ˵⻰ʱ
ţе죬֪λش

٣üɨء˵š
Ҳá
ѵõĻᣬ¥һӵǸúúͲŶԡ



ҹ¥ɹ
ڻƻʱִػȻ֮ȴ޸ǿֻǵʱʱ֮ʣ޾ϻ¥Ϊдˣ齣ӡ

ûжʣ˻¥ֻѡ񰲾һ¥ƹϡ΢ĴŸǡ

û˴ţϸ˽˵̸Ц̸ȥĻȵȣۼѪ֮£Ҳֻ赭дκεĲ졣ҹ޵ĶʵӦ¥ҹ޵ĽӸеơ

ǣСޣ򡭡š
죬ԳУľɫֻҪʱÿƵãԽҹд
ɽ£䶯ȴһŲƽģ׽ҹĳȫΪ˵ĿĮ

û޵飬޳Ӱ͵¹£ҲЩ¼ŵɫʣڻȻ֮ʱڡ

ĮԴζ
˿ƺҲǰĸˡ

Цƶתעŷ𽣵ıǡ֪Ӽû
Ȼ޵ǣǲԶȥķ𽣡ԭҶ֮ѰƣģǵȴĹ
жգ˳ĻӦҲѼС𣬵˳ĻҪ崶ա

޵ӣ΢Ц޵ʮջ֮ˡ
ֻ޷⣬ܹӵô֯ȴܲմȾ쳾Ҫľʲô
˼ˣ뵽·ˡ
Ϊʲô뵽ˡ
Ȼ¥һɣ޽յ̬ȴΪǽ˹ϵı£ѣô޽յΪԵ


˭ƽˣ˶˷񡣡

ʱҹ˫ָڱص԰¶ҹ˪ڻʱմ°ڼ䡣
ӯ˿̵顣

Цһ˦һɢڿСףǰ꼻չŻ꣬š꼻
Ȼʮϲ꼻ȴڻȻֲ֮ԭֻΪϣڴ˺޹ɫµ

ڳҹһͬʢ꼻

⻨ܹ¥ȥ𣿡
̧ͷ¥ǵƻæʶãÿмȴлϻ¥һۡ


¥һθе¼ţζǿɬ
լڣȴ̧ͷ֮ʿ޵ıǹâԡף
ױǼףĬ޺ǣΪ֮£ôη£
սϹܶ䣬ԭ˾صı֤ʵǾԶǰʧħ졣ԴжϣѪصҲþȻѾȷôҲҪǿһͬ뽭

úլڣĬΪ׼ĵ˯Ĭ짻Ȱ⸽ĵƻϨȻһѵ·ãִͨơ

Ჽĳȣһת󣬼޷΢ƻǸղҪʱ¥ĵδ𣬺Դ˿Ѿ˷Ӳķǰ

ޡš
ƼžĽлκδκλӦ޵ķδϣҲڣת׼طվ

㡭Ӻ˲еȡΪ¥֮ڣйģҲΪ޵飬ԲŻʱδ֪

ѣ𣿡޸ԡϣ׼طϢȴվԼſԥط߹̲ס档

û£ֻǿķŵƣԲǰһ̽䲻ûֻŵµޣ˵Ĺϵòܿ˵Ķ

뷿һӲӣ״˴ҲԸܡ
κ˿ԺģԽǲᡣ
ҹˡǻطϺãǲҪա

ʱ磡˵ţӹĵϨһԡҹִƣ֪к뷨
磿˿ҹ硣ıͬʱŻط˵ڴʱ硣

ʲôķڸڣϢʱʱɹȥ᲻ǿꡣǡ޹ԥ󣬻˼ɣ
˵ţڲ²˼㡣ʵҲţӦħ죬ȴֲŲʡ

Ĺ˼ɣֻǲϢˡϣæת޵ķڣ⻰Ÿĺ⡣Ӻ골ᡎʻҹʧ¥޵ķ񡣡

ֲǵһԼķ䣬ٳԣѲˣ󣬱̽Ƿħ죬ͻȻŵһɺܵ󣬸ʵѣ꼻ζ
ģٴսڽӶϣһѹȸϮӱҪǰȴ䱳ס֣ڡᶯʱɢ꼻ζҹ꼻ʢ𣿡

ԭԼģֻǺϵζˡ
ǰĻܲЩ

Ҫһͬȥͣ룬ڴܱյڣڻǰڡ
ͣǰҹͻ֮ⲻھˣѵڴֺԸٵҹ£ʹҹˣ·ܳΧ

ӴҲأ̵עڣŹֻʺԼתƻ⣬Ѱȥ
ߣϣܹӰ޲ѡЩгֻһ룬Ƕһ֮䣬Էֵ˭ܹ־أ𣿺ѡ

ӹԾ⣬ȴԴԼӱͲ֪ǷеĶӰ޲

รЦԽӵĻΪȻνѵв𲻸еͷ
һݣ𲻳ν񲻹һһ֮ͻȻ졣ʹԼҲֻԼܹףԼղⷬ˵ɡ

ˣΪӡɡסȻɡ
ͻһʱ޷˼ţ

Ϊ磬ɾʥ֮硣ǳ⣬Уȫ뷲׵˰
˵Цˡԭ˵£Цҡͷ

ҮĻ˵Ц
ɼе磬ܳ⣬У֪ⲻ޵ĻֻڰԼ

ǰ磬͸ŮʳԷ֮áſϷơʳɫҲҲ֮˵ʮǺϡɫ࣬Ů֮Լʳ֮֮Ҹ֣Խ֮ϣֻҪˣҸ֡˵⣬ôأ

˲ˡ
˲Լ᲻һӶ׷ζϵĶʳ˼̻𣬲𣿡

˵ˡҪ˵ʲôӾǲ̸
׽ӲԸ̸£̾˿ӣ꿴vǰϵͼҹڻ¥ɵƷˣ

һǸղ꼻꼻
ԭղ꼻ʱҲڻ޷ɹͣȴҲĬͬ
ɵеĹ



꼻ɳ꣬ڶ¼䣬ʮꡣڻڼ䣬ÿʮ죬һ꼻ʢ꿴¹Ļ£ͳ㡣࣬˽Կɵרκˣ˭˭ԹޣǺβ˹µУ٩٩̸꼻Ŀ

ˣ
ǰȡǺã֪ǷҲΪ֮

ٰʱ仨ͷԲ˽⡣δš
᳣ԱΪˣѲо䰮ԸʧԼĹ

ô˵ţ˵ѧ㣬ҲȥĵԴŶԡ
Үòˣ꼻һ˴֮⡣ıģΪһ֮϶Ҳй

ͷʵʵ뷨΢Цҡͷ޴˸Ե֪˵룿
Ҳܵڻʤɽġ

ⷬЦ޵Ҫ˻꼻Һ㲻Ǿ¾ҪͿ̿ˡ
˵ǣһ˵ĿʤҸ֮ˡ꼻ϲԭΪΣǺ档

ֻҪ˾ƣرϲЦҵߣͿɳƪֺۣ˽֮ˣ
꼻лһ׵ĺˮͬ٭ޣײȾ޷ȥϲҵԭأ΢Ľ濴ʢĻ䣬ϴЦ⣬ûжǾЦԻӦ
ϲݣȴùһĵˬ΢ҶȺĻ䣬̲סӱʽ£׽˲覵ٻӰ

ʵ֪ϲ꼻ʱе졣ƫûĸǰǸĵ֮Ļŵ꼻Ŷԡ
ҹչգ֮סչյḶ́ѷֵ𽥿ʱ꼰ƺ΢΢زȫʱ¹ҫ£ԵøסͲ֪Ҫĸ׶εķò
Ȼȫʢ̡֮

뻯ɲΪ𣿡
ǰǲóϲõһ˲䣬֮ܲúðգ

ܶʼ迮̾𡣵ϧգǸúúÿһ
ûвùͲһһΣ㹻޵ժ˶䣬ݸӣһذףһ㣬͸꣬Ϊʵ

ร͵ԵΪ
ţ

רκˣУȴղ˵Ļ
Цû뵽ӻԼ˵ĻԼһ꼻Լķڣһ˶



ԳڹеĽӣѿ˵ʱ꼻Ļڣϣڶȹҹȴֲ͵֮£ֻûӣɼ꼻һСɵǣҹҲڻ԰֮ˣӣ꼻ڴ˿ĬɾĴڣ˵ǲǣ

ڻ԰꼻δ¥û뵽ԼȴҲ޵ķ⻭꼻ţǴֺմȾɾ
˵ţϸͼͼЦ޵һˡ
Ϊ˵ʵ֪ӿʲô

꼻ʱܽˣѣⲻڳˣʲôָ꼻֮档
ҮýȻ꼻ȴΪźҲпʱ䲻ͬܽͻ룬ҲĽԱ㻭֮񰡣

ΥȻǺ¡꼻˹ǷҪ൱ۣ
ֻҪܵãкβɣ˵ߵ󣬺޼ɵؽı˵ܶʼˮǣ꼻ǣÿһУǳΨһȥѣһ뷨֪ͬ꿴꼻Żĵ㣿

ޡµĴݣǵһΣǽȴе¡һҪȥ
˵ˣ𣿡ǿ¥ҹʱͱһҪػȻɾⲻóΪ֮ܿáǻһЩҪæţ겻ɲ⡣

ȻӿĻرܣƺ޷á꼻ˡӵͼѽ˽Բǡ
Ϊ겻ڵζ

˫ڽӵļϣӲɫֱͦӡĲڣӲͷƤܳµԼȷʵǷǳڡ
״ָ˳ļ绬£ֱⲿǰ˫ֺϿһָᴥǰİ
һֱڽϣԼ𣿶̬ҲѺǰһˣԻҪӱԼĸ飿ӣǲ磬ôΪβŸеأ

ޡδķʱŴ˹ǣΪջ˽ǷԼҲڴ
ڽԼĮڹ¼ŵĿɬ֮Уƺ޷ӵ

ӵĻش𣬲ģͷļ羱䣬ļҲȫڽϣֱͦΪǰζı䣬ʱԼ˵š
ʵϻ¥˼ħ֮£ɷĳԼ˼ҡȻˣʸԭȡɼİο

ڵʲôеֻԼ뽭һ£һʲô
꼻䲻κУȴ̰֮Ҫժ£ԭ˽𣿡

İóü״˵뷨ܸԤ
һڲԾȾʵڵǶԲǺټϽҹ޵ױԭɣҲΪԼǣԵʡ

ǸԶ룬ȴ߲

һΪءԸףõˣÿա

ԭеĸԡԼԼȴҪˣޱϾԼ뷨ܲء

˵ɣҪοᣬڴ˹һҹӦ𣿡޾˵Ļ޷õӦҲԼҪʲô

ң㣿Ȼ¹ĺúڻʱѼĿΪֻô

ֻʣܸһİο𣿡ٴš


޵׷ʣԶԡ
˿ֻ̣ԼݷУҲеķ
֮ʣŷϤЦݲ
飬еãȻǽѡ

____________________________________  

粻Ⱦʮһ ߣ

һ磬ӻصȻ֮ʱһέͤڵȴ

ӰڻˡͽԼý棬û뵽᲻ӰʱֻôһͷǾǽӶȥ¥硣ΪȥǸ¥ˡֱѿڶ
ڶһέܹУ΢ЦǴûдõˡ

ûϵǸʱ֮ˣԼļЩǰҲֻ׵ĸܺãȷµʵԣ˵ἰ£
ͬҲ㡣
ȻͶһέھԶǰʶԴӶһέҰ󣬾Ȼ֮ΪسŻٴŻԼ˽⡣

ҲԿѪ𣿡
˵أ

ô˵أģ㵱Ұ˵Щû¾ǰأͷ
𣿡ҹԼĲ֪룬ʼΪԼָеʡ졻Ҳǡˡ𣿡˶һέ

Ȼ˰ӴɣһˣȻ뵽Ҫ⡣
ҲҴɣǲʺˡЦſ˶һέ

һέⷬЦ˳⡺ӴɡԽӵĺѧġҽרҡɡġ
ѴӦ£鷳ڴ£ζж

ôѹԵôá
รûϵһέô˵ԼֻԼҲһҰ£ȴΪ׾ŰԭеΪ˳ֱΪŶԿѪ߶æµôأ

ʵʱΪ¶ʮο

ǿûѣ᲻֪ĸԣ
꣬ԾӦ÷ǳ˽⣿

׽壬˵ֿȴβˡ
ǰ˵ǡ

รһԼΪǰһέѣ״ǰһվȽŲ
Ͷһέ̸ʱܰռıˣһʶʱǾദ˵˵ǵļƻ

ǽҵ⡣
Եңݺ裬ϸ˵һΣ

Ȼܺȵ㽣ӴݵĲ裬
ǰǳԵ޵ĿˮˣҲ˵Ļ޷ǵħ䣬ʹһʱݲ趼ΪԼĹ

ʲôгԵĿˮҿһǺ־ȽϺá֪Ϊָĸо
Ϊʲôӱ˵լڡ

˵ߣһ˫أͷҴôҰʵȥ̫Զһέ˵һ󴮵Ļûлش𣬵

Уһέ֪ɲ֪ԸѪߵķǴҪȥѰ֭ѪߡźΪĿǰѪߵĲ˽⣬ҷδ£ҲʧΪǰȥ

ڶһέǵļƻΪ²ʱһέƼұ߾һۣϵͷסรӴɺʱҲˣЦ
ӸеƣѭŶһέĿڣƺΪ˺¡кýɼأЦ˵

˺һ˵ġҧڽɼǲᷢ¡һέⲻֺۼǸеȤ۸һλʥ޵ˡ
ҧһţȻղûҹԼ˺ۼӦǱҧϵı࣬ȴƿЦ㡣

ǰһ˵ЦҲûжĸı䡣รһΪҹȥˣҶġ˵ֻ治֪ߵغ񣬾ڽӴɵ֡һέһ뵽ûܶ˵Ľӣᱻһֻ۸еЦ
Ц˵һֻĳ棬Ϣҧңȴ֪еĽӴҲǶĨЩҩӦû£̸°ɣ
ת˻⣬öһέ֮϶̸ۡ



¥֮ڣ¥޸
ˡɷæӭӡ
⼸¥𣿡Դӽ뿪Ҳţûи֪ȥ£ûϢ
ӲҲĪɷرġ¥֮£˵ٲȴǷǳġ
ֻȥݵ㿴صġ

һ磬һ÷ʱûиекβԣֱҪ뿪ʱŷЩΪÿζͽ뿪¥ˣȴһ˻ȥ
Ĭȥһ˻Ȼ֮ûмǻһͬȥˡ
Цߵͤ¡ΪǸæ˻ʱ𣿡

ǰֻҪ˾ͻ¶ϲõɫ˵Ҳرᣬǵһˣ
ҲȴһȤûлشɷʻ˿ĬΪȡ̶޽ºȼ˿ڣ³ȴټ٣صصֻǺֵĸأ䵭أ
ʱĶ飬ҲҪĻʵ޷͸ӵĸ龿ôһ¡

п
ߣûʲô˫ۣĸпûòĶ̫ϧˣԶ

飬˺βף
ȻȴһȤȾ˾ͻʧȥԡԷԼĸ飬ҲԼ⣬ȴֳɲǰʱҪأ

⡭ɷСû̸飬֪λشⷬԵĸԼӱ׹
أ𲻳תһԵĬ짡

Ҳ׷󣬵Ҳܻʽ׷󡣡
׷ûвֵĶˣȻôõʱ޷׷ǺβŤתƣ׷᣿

Ҫı磿ɷʵ
ϲ׷ߵ֣ı磬˼˲Żô
ǱȻ֮¡

ڲҪæڶԿѪ𣿡æѪ֮£ô޵Ļͱ٣ϣη׷أ
ѪǸ鷳æ

Ҫΰæ
ö֮֮ŮִԲǾͲù²顣

ֹأ
ôͻΪˡ

˴ӲýΪѹĸı䣬ʵǡħ죬Ҫδأ
ĳ̶ֳȵĺ

ԣɷɫ⡭
ɽһϪϪҹǰͷɽžϪˮǰ塣ߡֵвᣬ͸øۡ



ӽճԭȺһ𣬳ǰѰ⣬ҹһҹ˵AһսѪߡ
һέһݱɫصȻ֮

ţһԼķΧеͬϢڻȻ֮ʱ䣿Цţ֪֮˻ˡ

ǲӿ˽Ų룬漴ǰǷ𽣷˵˾վͤ⡣ѣˡӿ𽣷糾͵ӣһԭǰȻ֮

𽣼ԵЩȣʵǰҪȥȴ֪ΪνҪٶһЩʱǱ㾲վۿҹա

ҲܾûڽӵĵطƬ£̼ǵʱǳڴ̸Լı

죿
š

Ϊҹһ¥磿
š𽣵ͷǰ֮ʣδػȻ֮ĻǾͱʾ¥ҹ

ȥҹĵطҲֻ¥硣

æѪ֮£Ͼȥ̽ޡʵѽʮ첻ˣȴֲȥ߶
ûвԭ֮£ô˵ֱûн¡춯

šԭҶ֮£Ѿ˸æԸѪгŵһ˽£Ҿ϶һέ¡
Ȼ΢Ц˵ţ𽣻Ǿ졣޶Խӵ⣬ҪĴµˣýӶһڽߡ˵ġһ˽¡ʵ޷šˡ

Ȼ񼣬ֻô˵š

һ࣬ڵʲôһӣͤڵĵ
ûʲôϰԵĶȴԼеϤ

֮ˣ㻹û˵һֱķ֮£εƽæ
аа֮ӡ

ţа֮ɸеأа֮ȴ޷֪֮̽ˣ𽣻ᵽüĿа֮ӵϢ
塢ʥŮںѪʣԲ֮ӡ

죬ֽߣΨһˣҲѹᱻǿдߡֻû뵽֮Ůа֮ӵߣǲüͷ

룬׽ӶеİϢػеΪѡȻԼΪĪ棬ǶľͬӴԲڣΪ¶ҵͨķԲκξԼȴֻݵ壬˽ӰȷжϣֻҪ֮£ֹ

ЦͷΪѪ֮¸Ž⣬а֮ܲɷ֣ԼԻȫ
еΪѣ

ǰΪࡣ
𽣱Ŀ޷С

޷Ѳùҡǿ𽣸ı磬ıĽ
š

Щ£Ȼ֮Ѿþû÷ʥ֮ϴˡ
˵Ц׽ӱΪԼ̫ۣŻԼ

ҮΪ³ɲ˵ЦӼѵõЦݣڷǰ׵¶ˡ
֪ǹ˵ҲӦֻ΢Ц¡

ܶҪۣȥʱ䣬ȥԡϴ
šҪѶղϴ



ħ¥磬̸Ѫ֮¡ŵ֪а֮ӵĴԭΪĹϵ

Ҫžа֮ӵĽ˵
𣿡ħʵû뵽޻ⷬ뷨㲻Ϊǿ֮

δ֪вᣬҪðաʵţΧɱѪⲻǸŽӵǰ뽭ͬʱҲܹĴС
ķʽŵҶɱԼУ׷ʹǽƫ֮ˣҲġ

벻޴ôıأҾȣħٴǿа֮ǿõĳ롣
ȻٴǰݷãҪóȻ£硣Ѫ壬ڶǵ˽޵£᲻ðա

Сʻ괬սսҲɲ˴¡ħ̡
ɲ˴£ȥ

Ү޴̫ˣֻ˵˵ѣСΪҪˣ֪ɼȥһA𣿡
Σ

ӣ֪ˣȴ¥شƫƧϢȴһκ˻Ҫͨ
ἰ£вͬĿˣ

ֻ룬ôæΪΪѵȴһæҲΪĵϵ˻Ӱ
֪ûаæ

Ү˵ܸȤԶٻעĶ
ߣļӣ޸еġȥźǲܽеˡ

ҪԱ˴൱˽⣬Ҹóϣֹֻ̬ȡٴδߴմӦ
лѣʱ䲻磬ҪϢˡ

ôߵ𣿡
û

ҹѷְҹϢҹأ
ɽˮֻܷôһ䡣

ħöڰԼ£תЦұܵõȻٶҲ˼ҪʱʱҪƮҡ
͡

ҵϣһúĶ뿪
ԣһ㶣ͳ¥緶ΧģֻнһˣǺ˼лᡣ

Ц˼Ȼ뿪
޿Ĳζɷħȥ󣬱˽ˡ

õġ
šɷĶãʵڸеҪϢ𣿡

κϢش
ţŴϢջصȻ֮һҲǰѻصԭϢ

Ŷҹ𽣸ڻȻ֮ҹˡ
ڷǰٶȹ죬̽ӺĽŲʧȥϢ

ˣڻȻ֮ʱ佣һֱ𽣣طһҲǼŽеĽ֪ӡ
˺Լã

ǵ˽⣬һһϦȻҲ뵽ҹɫ֮ʱ𽣱뿪Ȼ֮εͬһٶһЩʱڼӡʱӻصȻ֮Ļô϶ҹˡ׼һ¾ƣҪط

˴ӲڷƵİ
ϰ߿Ըı䣬Щʱʵڲ̫Լơ

ǰ˵ƣǷ֮¡ƣ͸ʺϵû¥̨ãڷԵ̫įǷϡ
ɷﵣǣȴҲҹڱ¶ˡȥ׼



ͬʱ䣬ڻȻ֮ڣƷ۽ոԷ֮¡𽣲ƣʱֻ衣̸еĽԼԭĽתΪɵĻ⡣

þòڻȻ֮ҹˡ
š𽣵ͷ

ǵʱʱҹ̸ԼȻÿۼʱܳƪĿ
Ҳֻʱ򣬽Ӳл뷨
š𽣵ͷ

뿪Ԩ֮һһֱٲ֮¿ޣż뵽ʱŻҼ档
Ҳȥᡣ

Цʵڲȥſ޵ķ𽣡ھôȥ߶ţ
ްǽȥݷõĻ⣬ֻǽ̫ģӲԸԼС

ʵһ˿ʱҲڻȻ֮ĽӣǸ˽ˡ

ร֮Цҹˣ֪Ҫʲôдң
ţôһᣬ뵽ȷʵдӡһ취

ԣӲЦ˳𽣳˶Գߵ֮٩٩̸⣬ЩʣӦһ䡺һ취ýӸжôæԭ֮º󣬸һʽȥݷ㣬ʱҪúõ취
һᡣ

ڴ𽣵Ĺɽֻ֡ϣеķܹȫˣ֮¡
ţʵһ󣬱֪·޷ٻͷɽ˵ǲϣԼ֣ڵʲô

ö룬ֻǲϣ̫ۣ̣֮βٴ躹ޣ
δ֮£ȲκξǷٴλعɽ֣ûаա

һδڣԼҲһֵĹ̫˽𽣣ǾľԼ϶֮£־ľȴϧ֡
ţڽӵԼ䲻ɫȴǸжġ

ںߣ
𽣿֪λش𣬽Լʲôʱˡ

˵Цˡ߳ͤ⣬Ƕ𽣣ɷк󣬻߸˵δ֮ʱ˱仯
У˴ˣ㻹ʲôĸıԲö˵ӿ𣬱ԭ

ǰãҷ޵ıס¸գǶԴ¹ڻ
𽣰˵ȥ

һֱ룬Ƿ񲻸ºӵĿ޵ıϣĵǣϵ΢Цܾڡ
㵣

ǺѣᵣҶ
ģҲֹˣģͲҪǿ󡣸и˵ˣ㲻̫ࡣ
ͽӺʶ뽣ཻ֮ȴޣôΪеȡ

и˵ˣ˵ûдǵĻΪԼ۵֮ˡס
Ǹ֣㲻õġ

ǰͬǸ֣ȴҲܲΪһ𽣵磬е֮˲Ŷԡ
ǣҡ

ǳ˼Ҿ˼ңĴԿյĹ£Ҳһԡ
ţŽӣΪ档

ѵû˿˵ʲô
зգ˵

ҹ紵ϵĿҶʢĵĽʹûȻ֮Ⱦ⣬յæµ֮£ӲЩı䡣ûʲôˡг£Ȱһߡ
Ȼ¡

£ʦҪΪҿʾ𣿡Цֱŷ𽣣˽Լķգ֪οʾ
ǿʾֻۣԹ塣

ֻҪ̸˵Զôࡣ𽣵ĹػӻǵãҪʦæʱһῪڡ
ʦʵڸеڣӵĬȴǽԼڸҵĸԡȴ

Դ֮˵һεĹȳҹ겻Լȥŵǲȥŷ𽣵Ŀޡ

ǶӵҹദԶҲˡ



һ˺˾ƣϸ⼸Ϣ
𽣱Ԥڵ
̽ʲôϢһ㵽סʮҪ

ҹһסҹ
ǰôķ𽣻ڻȻ֮ҹΪֻоҵݲκ˽顣ΪѪǣǿڽӣ졣ȻΪĲգɴ¿жϳеķǳԼ

ƫģܲƽϣ
ȻҲӶԷֻ飬ݲ½ӰѱҲϡҪģ
޵Ĵ󷽣ֹںϣģ˭Ҳˡ

ٺ˱ƣĿƵǽϵɵ꼻֮뿪󣬽꼻ٿӰҲٳ¥硭

ҹ뽣֮¡


޵׷ʣʹýԥҲ˵״̬
ڴˣ޲еʧԽӶԼ飬ȴɣѵΪȫԼȻˣôʹԸⱻԼӵʲôأ

νǿժĹӲǿİ鲻ã˰Ҫʲô¥޵ļְǣȻûϵҪľµĽϣҪôʱڽϡ

˼Լħ죬Ƕñ˴˲йյҪأûжϾЩǰǿҲֻʹ֮ĹϵٸΣˣôԲʱ֣

ҪһԼɵĽӡ

˵㲻ٱ׵ͬʱҲ˼ĳĬӡ

ķصһĽлǳϵ˲䣬ǰ˷δʮľһգۣǿϵʧüһ壬ڻ񡣡ޡ
ʵѺܾû𽣽ԼˣֺôѵΨһĿ

˻ӦѲƸղŰԥ׽߳ӡҪ˵ʲô
̽𣿺ܸ֮İο뻹нһ𣿡ڣ˼ָ

ǰ޻סΪɿƻصԭļϡʹԸǲΪø򶨵ĽӣЦЦ˵
̽ǺϰߡʱȽԼĸл̽ġ

겻һֱֲõϰߣ˳ŷڽӼϵ˫֣ڱ
ЦǰҾ˽ϰߣܲأ

ɣЩ˵ʱԼеԼڳš

̨ף漴˳Ŷ£Ǵϻ֮ˡ·գڽľǸմ֮ˡĵĸ겢޷ˣֻºԺ˿ܲ̽һ

˵˻ʱ۵ܣֻתȥ

޵ģڡʱˣҸûطʵף˿ΣһԼܡ

ôŻطΪ˺󣬲ס
һ˲䣬ͻȻѹɢĿתΪɵĴ͹Ҳˡط˯ѵҪһҹ𣿡

ƽ̬ȣתÿ졣飬ȴԸҪʲô͵νһֵǧ𣬵ֻо꽣ͬڣʤûһеġæѪ֮º󣬾еҹܲúϧһҹ
ԺһҹϢ̣֮ͲҪٶය޻еĺ⣬˻Ӧ

ѾҲǿ뽣ӵ˽ӵϵͼҡͷ˵꣬úòҹ䣬ȴ뿪
꼻֮õĲˡ

ǰ꼻֮أ
ѳ޹޵꼻֮Ϳɲˣ

еüЦɲɣҪҪ𣿡
ʲô

ˣĹų͸ᣬΣ
รü˼޾ϲԼĹųк⣿Ǹöˣ

Ȼ
Ҳ޲ɡԼʱʤжѪ󡣡

ס
ʱ磬ҲϢҾͲٴš

Ų߳޵ķ䡣ĿȥƬ̺һӣš
ҹӵĶ飬׽׷ĲϵˣԼͬķ졣
Ȼ׷ʥɵķͬҪսսԶ޵ֶﵽĿġ

ͼָ꼻֮ᷴ׷𣿽ӡ



һл´棬վǷ֡
εĻӦԥʧ˻ꡣ
ĽӣҪˡ
ҹĹµ˵Ĳį£


ҹˣûطϢ
ʱҹ᷽صķ̫ۣߴȥ
šˣµУûʵϢ

ڣϨ˵ƣϸ롣
ԣ𽣱ȥʵӴɲضһ٣Ҳб⣬Ҳԡ

ڷں󣬽Ϩ˵ƣڴ˹ҹʱǲϨġ

Σ
ԭʿһʱҹ¥ˡ

ޡ
ԭʹԼôæµŲ֮£ԶŲ¡



粻Ⱦʮ֮ ߣ

дУ䲻Ϊ˸еǣҪһέرΪע⡣
նһέרӱõϢ

ţһέ˵Ӹе⡣
еƣ
ԭ̸ξȳ֮¡ԴϻضAǹԺAǱʧ٣һέǴڵհ֪Ϣ

ţѪߵı|ĦҳϵĲͬʱҲɵΣ˵飬ʵ˲⡣
ȻҲףεı˴ΣվѱĲбһ̡|ĦɵΪӦɵΪŶԡ
հ˵ԭôֻΪѪġ֮ġ⡺֮ġ޷顣

֮ģʣνѪİ֮ġǷִʲôأ
ʣһέ͵Ѫߵɫ֮һΪ޷⡣˵|ĦΪǳƺκ˿ɡ޵˲ףֻд󰮡ҪϿ˿֮ģǲ֮¡

ţû޹κˣйָûɰȥĺޣʵ˽⣬ȴҲܹζ㽫˵ʥˡ
ڶһέʥûʲô𡣡˵Ϊ|ĦͬĹϵŻɾԵҳ뾴Ѫдԣȴݰ֮֮£Ҳʵڷ⣬ֻ˵Щ˼໹Ҫӡ

ͬ壿һέô˵е棬ѪлӰΪϵĻǣϵĲɷ֣
Ҳһȥ֮һҲ޷ûֽš

˼ȻãֻΪ˻д˹ϵֹϵν
հ˵ͨѪ϶ĳһ˺󣬾ͻᾭѪΪԷѪֻҪһɴһ˵Ĺϵܱˡһέ˵еԭίʵϳѪ⣬ǻܵĹϵڡ

ôɱһһúҲͻ𣿽Լһϣ̫󡣡
Ҫܱ϶ɳΪͬߣϴﵽ൱ϣҶԱ˴˶ԶҪĴڲСֻ˵Ϊͬ壬Ż˫棬һˡҲ˵Ѫ߳޷չ»⣬Ҳܹ¶ǵýһĳֵϲŵǧ

Ĺϵףڣһ˵ĻǣҲȫԸѪߵһ˵ǷǳΡ
šһέҲͬû뵽ӻΪѪ߸пҲҪȴ߽׵Ѫӵв֮

˵ҲǣҪɱ߽׵Ѫ߲ס
Ǳȵ컹֮£ǻû̸|ĦĹϵ˵հõϢհ˵ֻԼ֮ˣ|ĦΨһεȻ|ĦĶռǳǿǿڲӵԶΪڶɵҪȫռС

ռͨ밮֮޷ᡣ
ǰĸǿ¡ϻҲ|ĦȻǳȴǳСҲп顣

ȷʵ÷ǳAһսԹ֣ӡʮ̡СҲȫҪIΨһߡ
ô˵ҲԣϾֻ׽֮ˡ˵һͬӡڱǣ˯ǧ֮ãǵĹϵǳӡһέԶͣѪ֮ͬǳձ飬ǾĹϵ˽ֿ˵ܰ¡նһέ˵޷ǵĹϵ

ܰ£ԭΪѪߵҲⲻ˱ղ˵һ治ѪߵĸҲͬһһ᲻ҪȫĶռ
˰òҪմȾϸ£ѷ֣޶鷳һέҡͷ̾

รҪβܱ⣿ҡͷӵһĸ߼Ц
ûк÷ܱܡϰЩ⣬ʵемܲס

˵ףָ֮£˵ҪͿɲҪģ
ѷ˽ɼҲ˵ⷬϡ档һέû٩

ҪˣͬҲ˰
˼ǣҲᱻˣ

ϣ˵Ҳᷢϡ
ҿνĸҲֻǰѣǰ˸Ůɳޣžңұ֡

㻹Ӣ鲻𣿡
ҲԣûӢ۸Ұӻ÷ǳġ

ǳԶӢĺ񡣡
ѾͲüƽô࣬ôһέӢ֮ǳġˣôûм¥ޣ

һ㣬û뵽һέᵽޡͻȻᵽ
̶ķ𽣷˵뽣ɼѻͶԿѪУȴӰȻ˸־вٵἰ£ҲŴΪʡ

ԼҪæʱȥ
ֶҪҪˣæԼ£

һέ⵽ΪԼʣΪʣһЦһзִ磬ô˽ֻԼ
ô𣿷Ȼ֮

ܣһέô˵ǺͯŻеΪ
ҲѾϷͯˡ

ҮҲԣǰǰ˵أ
һέһҲҪ۸ңͲ֪ǷҲ۸һˣ

Ҫֱ˵֣Ӱ䡣˵ġһˡޣ𣿡
һ˵ףҶǺ档

ʲô
Ϊѣҿ˽⣬ǸȻĸɮֳΪ䡣뻪󣬿Ļֲ׽¥޽ܣȴʲô

Ҫ𣿡ϻضһέҲ˵һѶ޵뷨𣬻Ϊ޵ĲæԹӦҲڡ
ǲãܾķʵȥ̫Զ

㲻˽ʵ޵ĸǳֿΪ˲ĬȤҲǳº͡
𣿡һέ˽⣬ȴֱǸѪ֮ˣ޷ϲҲֻһи顣

ҲǺѡ
һô˵ϻҲʱһέ˵޷ܵ仰ʵԡҲ㣿

ûСûʵʼնţ𽣵ѺãȫںԼĹϵ֮ϡ
ġϣֻƫһˡ

ڴʱ˴Ӻɽ߻һέһǷ𽣷˵һô𽣷˵ûб뺣ûκν䱸ķ𽣷˵

Ƕһέ
ǰҶһέ벻ǰλɮʮ𾴣Ϊ׾֮æԭҶ֮ҲѹѪּ֮Σ𽣷˵Ĵȱʵĵ׾
ǵˡЦ

죿Ϊηû˵һέָŽӡ
ʧȥϢԵס飬ȴ˸գû뵽ԭǵǲ֮ˡ
㲢ûʡ

ӣʵǡһέ˵
û˵𽣵Ļʲô

ѽ˵ˣ
ֻʵʵ˵Һ޲ǵõսľˡӹ˵

˵ĶԻǸղ̸޵顣תͷŽӣ֪ʲôЦ˵ûʲôֻǸպ̸޶ѡ

סڻȻ֮⼸쵱УӼᵽ޵飬ԼѪԼδļƻڴֻϣԸʡ
ҪһͬȲ̸µϢ𣿡

Ҫȥˡ
รʱˣҲ죬˵ǹˡ
ۣѵʥɮô׽Ҫ뿪𣿡һέæʵ
ԭԴ˽󣬶ԿѪ֮Ҳͽġ

𽣿֪λش𡣽æΣԺеǻ׽˵ţڣó˷뺣һέ۾ֱŷƣһ
ȡ˷֮漴ϣׯϵֹ̬˲ַ¡ֻǶһέû뵽뽣ôŷ뺴Ӳѷ뺽ɽӿܡ
аţ÷𽣷˵ΣɼǸ֮ˡ

뿪ˡԽӣҲŶһέ
šӵͷʵȻ֮һέ˻Ҳ뿪
ڡһέ˵

ϣ뿪˻Ȼ֮Ӱ󣬶һέջߡһʥĳˣһҳķ䲻ͬȴһģһ
ͬ˵ţԴȱĶᶨ޻ڵľ֮𣿡

ǰ˵ȡԨߵͷ­ʱκԥɱҵֻΪɺĴȱģ˿õ
Ҳü˿šʵϢʱʵ𽣸еۡ

˵Ҳǡһ֮Ļףʵ𽣷˵ҲзǳԵһ档
ˣȻԵһ棬ѲڶһέѰѷ𽣵𿴴ǽЦ㲻֪黹š

ǵȻϲ
һת

ˣЩȽϺá˵ҪתһέеߣҪ÷֪뷨´ټʱͻòڡ
лᣬҲҪĿ

ԣ£ιӣǳҪҵ𣿡˵ǻˣô⽣ӵӣһǳӭԼǰ
ûһǳԶ˶һέֻǱ˴˸Ϊʶ⡣

ˣ಻ύΪѣһӷٶһ¥ޣҸҿ϶ҵӻѹ
ǸˣҷּѣΪأ

ϧֲǽӣһΪҡһέЦ
һέĲ𣿡

֮ˣȲ̸Щ˵˵֮£Ҫδ
ҪΪ
ڴ£ִ²ĸΪҪа֮еĻᡣӹ˼ȴǷ븶ĴۣλȫԼеʹࡣа֮ӵĽֹ

รŽˡ
˳ƶΪ߳һ
Ѫǵļأ˳֮µ磬а֮ǸõΪֹ첻ڴʱϣûв´а֮а֮󣬲ǷĹؼʱ̡
ܻİȫôסΨһˣҲԱֿѷ𽣣õĽ

˵ֹۡ
ֻǾԼ¡

һέ·ǳ֣Ҫȥֶ򣬿µø൱Ĵۡ
Ȼһέ䲻ΪΣŽǸ֮ˣд˴㣬ǿܵ



⣬ڿ߾֮
˷ų˵֮ӽΪִֺ˸ŸΪ˱Σ˵׷иŮټ߲ڹˣ跨ɱ޹ľɺޣ׷ɱǵ˲
һ뵽Сæȴ谭أںòװ˵ľ󣬲ԷԹк󣬼ʹõĵ·ȫģԼ뵽֮¡

㣿
ţ

ΪҪô
Цش⡣

֮£Ϊٴš
Ϊɱۡ

ҵĳң
˲ֱҪбܶյıʹʮƣۡڴʱħҲֳһԵΣ֮ʣһ룬ħæܿ
Ƿ𽣷˵

֡𽣷˵ϳʥķ֮⣬ŵƸħе塣
ţ𽣴Щ΢ɱǰͼħ졣

ӦþǴеķ𽣷˵ʵٿΣȴֿװɵһμ𽣵ӡ
𽣲شǰ˴ΪĺӡǷԱϷɳǰ

˼ǲˣ


ħЦ˽ڵͻ˺˲Ѫ˵ö֮Ϊԭ㣬Ӧұʧ
𽣱δзִ磬ԡ

ħ֪ӧ棬תȥһħˣ֪תҲУʧ

һȥԴ˿𽣵⣬𾯽֮ġ뷨ֻʵҪ
šеͷ

һһ̡
ͻе죬ŵؿ

ֽΨһķܳɹ뺲ٷС
㡭֪Ϊη𽣻Уĸ˵ΪѪߵŮ顣ôѵΪӵĹϵ

߰ɣеǣȴԸ͡
š
˵С


뿪һ{ӰҲŻ߳¥ޡ
Ϊλ֣Ĺϵ𣿡

շ𽣵ĸԣа֮ӽŶԣôѡ飬һǵѵΪӵ
ŷڻȻ֮ס죬Ǳػ۴¡Ǹ֮ˣʹ˽ģҲῪΪѷ𽣣ӦǷԼΪķС
ǵĸǺáһ뵽ˣļΪҪǼ֮£´ҲֻнӲ˸ı䡣
ߣɵ

ڴʱϤĽŲò£Ҳ֪˭

Ϊûг֣Ѳĺѣħеı仯һʼ˼üߣ

Դ̵еȴҲɫеȤĶ޹ء
ô˵ûѴӦϣ͸þĶΪ¶Ը˶ϱƣ۲ʱӦԳ֣Թۣ𣿡

ⲻڼԼµİͬʱҲָԼ޲ӦǸŮǲ£òԳ֣˻ȥƲ
赶ɱˣרЩҪƲõҲǰ

кϷɿԲǰأ
ܹԶɱУҲЩͬʱҲҿĳ⡣

Ŷ
Ǻôԭ򡣡
ΪޱΪΪһͳֵĴ󰭣һӵĽӴԼеЩĲ

ݵҵأ
ͩĽǳ۰ͩĽʱΪᣬһǻ㣬Ϊ֮б𣿡

Ϊеѣȴڱˣ˵ˡ𣿡
ѽʧʧҲŷ֮ô˵ţָԼ޲Ǹ֮ˡΪε޺ĮҴɱУħκŸ顣
֮Իô˵ҲֻԼ˵ԭͷ

пעһУԼ顣
ͩĽ޺ͽһų̽ӽýӵ͡ҪȥʱҲȥʶû뵽£ʵΪ֮׵޼зŭ

ǽӼ֮ˣͩĽǺպյĴˣΪΥ壬ȴƫýӵĻʵڲܡ

ֻͩĽô۰ҲͩĽҲеɰˡ

а֮ӽѾõаǷҪأҸΪˡħת˻⡣
ȻǰаеȤʮܷԼƿصѽϲɱص̬ȡˣ˵᲻óȻ¡

ıأҲԼǷҴ˺󡣡
Ҳ˵ǡЦš

¥ޣ¥ޣ˵𣿡
кܿỪµʵأ

ø˫¥ޡħĳٳٲ֣ĸеŭȴֲԸʧȥӵۺʵĺ
ЦҲû˵øթħ졻ɣ
ת룬ħһֳ



ҹޣַ𽣵ı˷λ
סУΪʲô

ӻȻ֮ȥķ𽣣ջûлסȻΪľҵڽϱæµš
ֻʣȻ֮ЪϢˡ

ڻȻ֮ͣģ˷֮⣬ޡûϢҲκζ룬Ҳҹܾ֮ҪҲգֻ˵

ˬƮ֮ʣӷұֻС渽ϡҹﲻߣĴҪˣֻ˵ǺûܻΪ죿

ʰ˳ӣŻҶϡͻȻ˼ԼҾǰǰµĺۼѲڣȵĴԼϢ˿ƺҲŻͣľϣӵΪʲôô׾˺ۼ

Ϊֻᴥţû뵽Լ㶵ĵ£Ѵ󷽵ĸ˸ǡʵܾܵĶֻǸϣԣǾԶֺĹϵȥ
Ŭάֵ꼴٣޷ٳȥҪβܽҵĹϵ״̬ͻȻı䣬ڵҲ޷ƿأ㰡
˲ǰȴͬ˵ʱʱӲ̾

ҵ뷨ͬҸźã
ֹԼϾɡԼǷԵĻӦΪ֮

꼻֮
ǰʾ֮ȴԲ󰮱ף˭Ҳó

һоܱƵưĹϵʼδ֮¡
ȻһٱֻǵΪе֮Եǰ޵̫УͬʱҲýӸеƣƾԭҲɱ֮Թڻ뱨ְԼ̻ĹϵԲŻ겻

ͩԩʹĵֺףѡ



գ¥֮ڣڻ԰㣬ɵ̨ͤ¥ȴԵüį
ԽȥѰ࣬ų¥Ⱦ⡣ݻƵҶϷ䣬һǴ֦ϵ£ɳ衣
ĹͣҲ˴

ľľ䣬֮ʣգΪ֮
޵һʢľջڰٻ֮ʣȴֵڡȻɱȻĵΥȻһ֦ˡ

޶ԾջûرϲһʼΪʱĹϵʱϣһʱ¥޻ͣԲǺֲΪʱĹϵ¥֮ڵĲȱپջͬûнʿһ㡣
һֱţֱڡ
ʿ
˵ջʿһλʿȫΪӵĹϵջʱе̡

һԴʿ¥֮أ
һҵһ콣ڴԼⲻκγ¥磬ǷͿջʿȳס

ӣԶסڴˣˣҲڻȻ֮𣿡

紵Ҷ䣬ſסµĿҶأǿҶչŷǿҶֻСƵһס
รԼ棿ҪΪԼһͻȻɷˡ
ţ

ˣŽ
һ΢¡𣿡
ѸȥҪղŻɷ˵

ԣֲһգܺáȥɣ
´ɷﲢû뿪վڲʵ𣿡

Ϊԥɷſڻش𣺡ˣ𣿡
ϲ˺ͽ˵ԶǰǳڴˣȴرܣʵΪ֮еġ

᲻Ĳ£겻𣿡
ȻƽʱĬ짺ܺãȴҲǳϸΪֻˣ̳ܵĵĲ
ǡ˵ţæ˲ôɷȸˡ
ֻڸ¥ʱԼĬ˵һΣٴᵽʾԴµ⡣ͬʱҲڽ̵ʱǲظڶͬĻ㲻ٶ˵

겻ҪȴҪӷ׷ᣬʱΪȴ
ûǡͷԵѹ

ߵǰͷ˻ǵϻʱСʱ򡣡ףȥɣ
šͷתȥ

԰ֻʣһʱ޲ɿСƵ֡ǵ飬һڻƾ֮ϡ
ߴĻƵԴķɶ꣬˻һ𣿡

Ŀ漴ŸղŽӵ֪Լ¥ʱôķӦ
꣬Ҳ

䣬װεĴĥ첻



뿪¥磬ŽŲ룬޵ȥ
¥磬ȥ

Ĭ˵ѳ죬˵Ҫȥ¸֯̽ӡ£յĶѵԸΪԿѪ߳ΪԼĴ㣿

ʶ¥ޣ쵹ǵһءǳرĸоЦ˵
һЦ󣬽ŵȴһ̾㱾ǳң֮쳾²ȴҶðҸֲΣ

ȻͷӦæԿѪߣҲһֱûκζýΪٽԭ֮£ʼԼ֯ڻѾ뽭

ȻҵĽŲ뽭ΪҸоҵĲϣ
Ҫ޸ԼͬһľҲ޷ֹκ¡
˵Ķԣи˵ˡ

˫·ڣӲͷ
ǰֻҪС·յ㴦ˡ
ƺΪԼȴ

һ뵽ˣֻεԼأȻ֮

_________________________________________  

粻Ⱦʮɽ֮  ߣ

̽޲ţơ

Լ¶գûȻ֮ʧȥڵҪԭȴ޵ĸı䡣

ԼвԹ㣿ֻҪôײĵĻҲϵĿ졣Ҳ´ټʱҽ˵ƽ˷յϸƣֲдˡЦ˵ʹʱҲЦ嵭ĳ

Ӳηκ˸гҲͱؼȻĵֻһһһ⣬ܰװȣûԼ־ҵǰҲñ֮
ܳŵ˶ãʮֻ꣬߰ǧ꣬˥ʱҲճΪһѪԶϣΥȻɡߣȴûİ£ôĹ¼һܿˣ

ѡɵ˵˴𰸡

ԼһڻȻܴ֮꣬ԴվѪᣬи࣬ҲҪܴȥ˵Լ뷨οȺӵв֮Ѫߣ
Ҫ飬̫įҲǱӵͬ塢ܰµԭ֮һ

Уƶ˷ǲľ
ĲľҲϵĹƣһҲľҲǳȺӰްҲһƮɽ֮磬ôԼأ

̧ͷϣԵ²֪Ӹ¥ҹɫ֪ǷҲͬҹȻ֮Ǽįˡ

طΪ̫µϸ˼ԾģҲڴ˵ʱһ׳˼ͬʱӸо˻Ȼ֮ķΧתˡϡ͡

ںڰУ˿ΣҸף컺ĲһԼǲĻΪƣּۣԥĳɷ֡ˡ˵˳һӣͤڵĵ

šߵӦǽǰʶѶҹˡ

ϴĹ¶ǰҹãǺԭˣʵ
겻û뵽㻹ǵҵ顣

ȴĬҹǴʫʱͷ⾳ýɼӡ̡
ҹ죬ʫں֮ԭ뽣ӳʶʱԼʼδʱ꣬ӾȻܼǵáļܺá

ˣ㻹û˵⡣
ôһᣬû˵˵ĿġҹΪʢѪ߶

ร֪ҹ˵£ôһᣬ붨ǶҹΪɱѪйء
ֻ룬ҲѪɱӵ֡Ѱκ˿ղڽѪ֮¡ڻ֪ѪԿʱܴõκεϢǱӺ֮ԭ

ǵ˵ǰھҧۣĿǰ֪ѪߵʮֵǺϡδȷе֤ǰ޷ʹжѪΪ
ҿѪѪΣǸ״ơȻȥŶ꣬һᵽٿɼʱλǿӵҲ¶ˡ˭ѪߣҶҪԼ𡣡

ҪɱѪĿǰ޺õķҪǵУ
š

л㡣
ΪԼ֮£㲻лҹޱ˵

ΪԼ˽£Ҳ֮£Խɼ˸л㡣
겻Ȼ䡣

ָķ棿
Ȼһֱ⣬ȴ˵ΪҪΣʱҲͦԴ˵˻ʱף⡣

׶ҹ˴˿ʲôԼʶʱ˵Լ־ԸԴڽϴһӣ˼֮ͱֻȵӡ
ʵҹܸԼҸĻҲһ˸־ֺһһʲôţ
ͬĺޣżߵ书ΪҲӵвСȴԶԿѪ֮²ôڴˣҲ޷ǿʲô
ʵΪڶ֮£ΪҲԡϾ˽Ϊǣδǻ¡

ӣһˡӲûƲԼԼĿദֻ˲ôʵһϰӺ˵ӦһṦΰҵ㲻ѧԼȴΪ޷ʹʧֻֿݵ˳ޣٹܽΣ֮£ʲôɾ͡

ˮҲǸգĻΡͬҲҪԼԵǺ£Ȼʵķʽ̬ӦԵأ߻Ƕ˼ҲҵԲڵķҲлõĽ˻žͱػ澳澳ʹ˾ɥʧ⣬ȻֻлԼĿ֣Ǻβתͼһֵڣ

Ȼ˵ĺеҹҡͷֻ˵ҺĽвкޡǽӣֳȻľÿ˶ˡ
ˣҲûҪΪҲûоԵİԼʧȥֿʱ˻ֻ϶Լ֮£ô;ȥҲΪΪӱ˽£ϾѪӰ˵İΣ

סҹ֪ڹԼ
һ·Ӻ֮ԭϵȻ֮һ·ˮ޷ͣ˪ð¶ҲۡôҹǷԸڴϢһ֮ꣿ

ڽӵʢҹжģҲ뿪Ȼ֮ǲҵõ޵Ĵ䣬ҹڴ˹ҹˡҡͷ
ԭȻ֮ǱȲϲ¶޵ˡǸ״֮ˣٴ

ҡҹ˸еΪѡ
Ӳǿ㣬ԼЦ

ϵ΢ЦɼСһڽϿʱҲһѩƮݵ˵ʱżǳǳ΢Ц֪ΪΣ˸еʮְģһ뵽ˣҹҲ¶ѵõЦݡ
»ضҹ˻šҲŽܱ˵⣬Ǿܾ˽ӡ
ҲãԺĻܶ࣬һΡ

ţˡ
㡣

ˡ
ҹͿͣҲһѵõľ飬߰ɣ

ӻô˵ΪȻ֮ҹݷ⣬һԭǣҹһڣλֿѱҹҹͿͶѵõľ顣



޵¹ʥһˣ뿪ûоú·һέڶ
꣬һέڴż¥е죬Ǹ˸ȴûи΢Ц
ࡣ޴ˣû뵽㡣һέҲе棬ôҲ벻ԼҪ٩һ˵һֱ¥֮ڵٻͼʫпճѲӣ

һέлڱԹԼĲæѪһ¡ҮֿѵѪ֮ȥӦʹ´࣬ʱҪְæ
޴˹Ȼ磬ϲˮմʪˡҲǵʱ˵ϲӵ䱻մʪڽȫʪ͸ˣȴ޶ԣĻԼǽӡѵǽƭˣͻȻ˵仰

Ǻ⣿һӵ֣ҲܶһέǰỊֻ֪̇˵ʲô
̶죬޴֮⣬ΪѪ֮æµв˽̸š

ʲô˵ˣҲǸͬˣʲô֮˵䲻ΪȻŽӵ˵ʲôֽʵأ
ʵҲûʲôֻ˽Ϊβ޴˵ԼҪæʱȥ㡣˼ƺˡ

Цû뵽ӻΪԼڻǽӻ˵ʲô
û˵ʲôǲæҲڻȻ֮˽ӣǷ񳳼ˡһέ̽Ե˵š
ܣ޽ŶһέƣЦ˵أ

֪ˣͬһÿʼһЩԷصʱܻᷴԼĿһέ룬һˣ˴˵ĿˮԶˣŻ˵ƵĻ
ԽӸǳˣ

ûشңӿڳԶ˵ûгܣΪνڶ

ȻͽӱûĿĮȷʵʹ֮ĹϵԶҲѹ˻еɻ󡣡ˡ޹˵
ร޻󷽸Լ£һέеȣ޷ŽӻƭԼ㲻˵һղ뽣ӿ棬ͻеζǻᳳܡ

أֻǶǺü䣬ϻ˵Ļ껹ܼǵã
˵ˡȻǴ˵㣬ܺã˵ǻʱ죬ܻǡǵĸܺã־ЩԾһΪʱʧһصӣŻΪǲˡһέ˵

˵£óԼ£ǲ¶ۼ𣿺ô׾öһέˣ
ǰҿһ̫Ѫ֮£ԲŻʵգ˻ʧȥһĻ顣

֮ôûģ
ţһέ뽣Ҳ޿Լǰĺѣƺк⡣ǺɼԼҲ֪ʱҲ˶ġһέ뿪Ц˵ţǹڱܽӰ㡣

ôˣһһέô˵ɫһ䣬ļ
һέؿȻΪӦǸѪˣһôĽӣһέֱҲǸйֻƫһˡ˵Ҿ;úЦұ߾һֱۣ֪ʼʱ˵һֻĳӸҧˡ¼û˿˵˽ɼû뵽ᱻһֻСӸ͵Ϯˡ

ԣЦ벻ӻǰɵ˵¡ֻһ뵽Լ鲻ԽĺۼʱеǸеЩ˷ۡ˫Ľɼû뵽ҲΪһֻˣĽֻĳӰ
ҮոŵһĽһֻСӣ˵ʱЩʲôƽ˻㲻
ûʶ뽣ӵʵԽ׶һ书Ϊ˵ףýɼ֮ͬˣʵҲڲ֮䡣

Ȼȫʱ̶ڽ䱸״̬УҲַҲԶһë˵ܲĽֻĳӣ
ôһ˵һέҲͬȻΪУ˵ĬҲȤȴһʮֽ֮ˡӣһѩףʱ滳ǳƶµˡ

һέͻһҲ˵ˣеĸܲøӣƺҲӣǿɼɼ걾һȾ׳ɵ㼣Ѱ콣ߣȻ֮ɾҲȾǳƶµأ
˼ԹӲֽˣ

ҮԲӣнӸ˵뷨룬ֻĺѣУᵱľҪҲػᾡȫԹأ
Ȼô˵Ҳ޲ԣǾ䡺Сʵ˼ٻԽӵı˵ĻƺѽӾΪСǲᣬӦò˲ŶԡҲԣһԼ뿴ڴš

Ҫ¥磬ǷҪϻȻ֮
֪ҪȥҽӣԼȥ򣬶һέָоȡ

Ȼ֪һέͷѻȻ֮֮¡ѪڽϵĶƵԭʿҲΪæýͷöӦû᳣Ȼ֮ҽһЩŶԡ
ԭ޴˶˹ġ

ᵱȻģϾҲԭһӡλֿҲͶԿѪߵУôɡ硻أ
ѽһέöĺ⣬ߵûʲô˼

ʵ粢ûʲôã֪ӵڻӶʱ磬˸еΧĿҲŸɾ
һέЦ벻䲻ڣ޴ҲЦռˡ

ǳڣű˵Ļռıˡ
һὫ޴˰˵

Ǿ鷳˳Ҳת˽¼æ꣬»ȫж
⻰棿һέŵʵ

١ҡ˻ȣһ϶
ǻȻ֮¥粢ңԶȥһˣһέΪ޸ԼԽ˵²Ŷԡ

¥£ǰٰݷ֮ѣҲжΪת
벻޴ҲǴæһ

ΪѪ֮æµѣѣԲŻ簡
ٴᵽ硻һέΪԼеҰɣ޴ˡ

Цţǰߡһˣٻᡣ˵꣬ṦѸ뿪ֳ

ʧӰһέһ˫أͽӲͬһ׽š
һ֪ϰæӣһέ͸еΪģ˵ĻҲн϶ʱȥ׷ħ䡣



Ȼ֮ɽۣ֮ƺСӽվڴˣ˼
ޡ
ƺ޵Ĺ֣һδ˵ʱΡ



Ҫȥأ
˵Сƺ󣬽ӱ˵Ҫȥһĵط޸еʮֺ档
ɾӴ

Ȼ֮ƺΪۣɼסڴˣͳΪɾʲôطɳΪɾģǲ²˵
֪

ӵڴĽŲɽȥԼʱӵС·һת󣬱һȻͬľء۾Ϊ֮һǰƺһ㡣
𣿺ѡ
ǡЦ

ѽͬһɽͷְһɾǺõط޼ϲҡͷ̾ŽƬء
ЦԺ㵽Ȼ֮ȴҲʱҲ˾

ҪƬɾ
㣬кβɣ

Ƿأ
ʶ޿еȻ֮

û׻ش𣬵֪Լ䲻ǵһ֪ˣԺȴпܳΪܳˡҲЦ
Цʵຬ⡣

벻Сĺѣ쾹ȻԸ⽫ɾᣬǻϲְ
Ȼ֮ʱӭҺʱСˣ

ĳЩǺСԶֻܵһ׶ΣҪεգ޷Ը
øεյ飬ֻΪѣҪ뵽ʲôĵز

ô˵ûΪˣֻнһˡ
ŶǺøж䣬Ȼ֣ⷬǶŮ˵ôΣҲܲ˳Ϊ֮ޣһסĻڼڴ˹ƣβʫ䣬˵̾һǰƺ

ǿԣ˿ҪǶ˵ģЦ
ЦţӹⷴȻ֮ɣҿҲǺµĲˡ

ҮΪɼվƺ֮Уɣʲô
˵¥ƺҲ˵ˣ

˵ĺã޷룬ƶңɷ֮£Ϊأ
Ҷ񻰲Ȥǻл

ȻѲϲ񻰣ʫ䣬˵ʷΣ
Ҳԡ

¼ƣɹ˭֣ѾԭǸձɽǧţĺ곯һʱ¥ƾãгΨд֪
Ҳܸпӿ˵ǷⲢӽ֮ʫҡͷЦ

ȻǣֻҪ˵Ĺµӡѣ֮˵
˵

ճθƣһŮŮòԸһͬƸ֮꣬ºŮȥǰסɽ֮֮裬ΪƣĺΪ꣬ĺĺ̨֮¡֮˵
һɫľδ̡

Яƣʤ֮֮ٻղɵáŮ֮ʱܽһֵĳʤܲأ
ǲɵ֮¡ӲδԻӦֻ˳ڴ˴ˡ

ûĳǲŻ׷֡ӣɽŮ𣿡
ΪŮǻµĲҪ֮

µĲôȻ֮ɽ֮ɣҲһˣ
ͷĲʱˡ

ѽɼɽŮǳʧˣ¡˵ϵıȴϵǸ֮⡣ʹɽûŮɽҲƲʰν׺Ϊˮȴɽơϲƶ䣬Ϊĳ˾ͬһ㣬ɼ
ҪƬƺҪӰʲô޽ӶذԼȥӶס

ɽ𣿿Ҳֻһרı֡һܶԼ鲻壬ôӵԼɽ֮ƣֺɽ׷أ
˵ϰ죬벻顣˵Ķ飬ʹΪпĶ󡣡

ǰ㷢Լ˵ĸ顣
ҪȰУһı£Ǹ浽û֪

ǰȴ̵ŵĶ飬صĲ𡣡
ôǵͬΪıԸɢˡ

ԣ;ͬ顣æ˵Ų뱻⡣
սںη

ˣ벻飬Ȼǹˡ
ռ˱ˡӹ˲۴¡ɽкУ϶ƣֻãʫ䣬ƺĳ

Ͳ֪ǰӵɽɽðƾˣ˳ʫ䷴
Ϊ棬ʧһɡƣΪԭ豵棬Ȼģûж뷨

ӣ겻ͬҪʲôסϲƺȴͬɽֻڻȻ֮
ԣתͷ֪Ǻ˵ĵﻰһҲûлش



񣬽Ӳ̾˵ģǲˣֻǡ˵ˣͻȻӦ˻Ȼ֮һ뿪


Ӱ
һέ˻ûǴţһȻ֮κλӦɵɼȥˣѲҲһܣ

ɧٴκʱ󡣡ǰǰкι£
ͻһέһҪ˰һέ书ΪϳˣǸ߳࣬ǲϢ½ӽ

˸߲ңʲôˣ
ǰ֮£Ҳ֮¡

Ǹӣ˵һɣͲ֪һέ«ʲôҩӵ˵ڡ
ҽ·ˣ

ղ£ӿɲ¡ħ죿ڴš
һέһֱ׷˵䣬ȴӰʮ񡣡¥ޡ

ţһѵ֣ӵı漴˱仯Ȼأ
ӡһέʵ

Ҳֻ֪˽°ˣ
˽£˵ǰһûʲôҪ˽¡Ҫת㣬½ȫǶԿѪߡ

รѵѾ¶İԼæ𣿽Ӽʵ˵ʲô
˵¥绹´죬һãá

ãʱ֮ĹϵֺʲôݷãԸԼдҪɷƫƫҪ͸һέӸеɻ󡣡Ҿ͵ǰˡ˵š
¥Ȼ֮ôӽɴԼȥ֤õʱֱҡ

ģ޼˵ڣ;Ի쵽
ģ

ͬǺѣûˣ
ͬҲ˽һέ͵͵˰亹ǰ޶ԻʱͿ˶ԽûĵЦ

˽
Ұٷǵ¡

仰ᡣҡͷ
˵ĻʱҲᡣһέôش

ร˵ʲôǰĻ
ûʲôһ䡺֮ѡһ䡺֮ѡټϡӲСҸоҪռмС

ֻǹǰ˵˵Цˣǰͱƽϴ¡
ֻҪ㲻ҪٽҡǰҾͲƽϡӸղż浽ڣӱһֱԼΪǰʵܡ

˴ˣʲô𣿡֪˵Щʲôȴֲʣֻػء
ˣ˵ѺСˡר˵£ȴΪҪ޴ˡ

รԭȥС֮¡ô𽣵ӦйأӦչвŶԡ𣿡
ȻûħϢһέü

һע⡣
л

ûˣʵ
ûˣѪҲס

ร˦䣬ﰵο޻˵Щʲô䶯ʱ৵һöһέ޵ĶԻ
һ˦䣬ҵ˵֮ˡ

ڶһέ˵޵ˣЦ㱧Թң
ǰìܵһˡһ˵磬һֱԹȾ˵ϲڻӶʱ磬ΪеΧĿҲŸɾҿֻǵϲ㣬̶ֳжϣӦÿ˵ˡ

˵ЦˣֻǱȽظѡ
䲻ظ˵֮ˣһέ޷ȫšǰظҲͨܲ𡣡

Ժദã˽Ϊˡ
ҪȥˣЦ쳾ڵҡʵڶûжȤ뿪

ȱ裿
ǼҵĲʱԺȣˡ

㡣
ˣ߳úܡ
˵꣬뿪˻Ȼ֮


ĿͶһέԶߺĽŲҲǰȳһ漴ֹȻЦҪæҲǰȥţҪٵȶŻ

ǰҲһĹʵ޷ƿԼ
˳ȻҲǲáޣڷأȴҲֲס͸ܵĽɼ֮ˡ

תȥȡλعˣԵ޵ԵǴûʫ֮롣

ףõĽػ᲻ǸȾ޵ˡ
ֹҲų⡣
Ϊ˸֮ҲҪΪ
Ҳǽɼӵе

ר֮ҲӵԼɽ֮ơ
˵



粻Ⱦʮġζ ߣ

ݷãֵСΪʩд޶Ǽ˷𽣷˵̷칬̸
ʶһĶ

ѣ벻˻΢Цϰȶš﻽һѣ֮Ľ飬ʵǲԳΪѡ
šϻյҴһ󣬱Ҳл档ϢҲֻ˹ͬĺѽޣʵе졣

֮ǰἰУ¸գڴ˵꣬ѵһֱڴ˶ԭ֪ԭڽס˼ޣҲ֪иŮǹ̽
ԭһˣҲϻȻ֮ϻطһ뿪֮󣬲ûϻصԼľȵȻ֮뽣ɼ档

ѽһǺѣΪ겻¥أǻȻ֮¥ȥԶü¶һź֮
š𽣲˵뷨ĸǸ˵֮˵֮һҲᡣ

Ȼ֮ûνġšˣƫİֹ̾Ϣ
׷ܴԼΪӵĹϵαıֳԷ𽣵顣

ֻûлӦ޻ô˵ҪΪ˽ӣΪʶ¥綨н飬Ӳǰǰȥݷá

ڴ¥ԡԻȰ΢Цݡ
ҽһͬǰȥ

รҲԣ뽣ǰ¥Ųеįϵò¥ķ𽣱ػ˵ȻϲԼߣҪټ˽Ļ⡣

δ˵Ŀġ𽣲֮£ֿʵ

Са֮¡
Ȥ

ҲЦҡͷ漴ɫתΪصֻ｣ӴһЩϢΪԿѪ߶һЩ׼
ţ޵Ļش÷Լʼ޵ʱƺµı顣ʵϷ뽣ٱʶڱ˴˵ĸҲʮ˽⣬ԼʹԼǰĬɡɣǸоó⼸ѺͽӼ棿

ûС
ţûУôսǰ˵ƺûлԿѪ֮ԸԽΪӶ

ʲôһֻΪ˽һˣʹ˵Ҳס
˵Ļ䲻𾪣ȴ˽µжŲ⡣ΪĲֽ¡

ǰתǰ˼ʵ뽣һͬ¥̨ȺӡϾʱ˱Ȥƶգ֮£ңһӡʱ̽ǣôֿصչЦ̸ʱ⣬ѽˣǲ֪жã
޵ƺѾ˵Ĺϵֿ֪ȴ޶ԡԺлᡣ

ϲæһȻͬ
㵣š

ͻüͷʵŶ˵ʲô
ûʲô뻹Ǳ˵ĺãǵ¸Լȥ롣ֻǵġ

Ӻʱôˣ治ǰȻɱ˿̽Ϣ⣬ȴֲܸıԼȶľġ
û䣬ԶԼҪʲô

ǰմȾ쳾£ҲҪˡ
ԵģԹϣѡ磬¡ȷ뷨Ҳֻͣи˵뷨ߵ·

𽣴ü򵥣ȴҲ׵ĸޣߵԼ֮·񣬾ԲΪ𽣶
Ǵˣһ֪ٶ˵Ҳ棬תʵ𽣣˵ǰȥһδ֮
š𽣵ͷ

ô˵δ


รδ¹ǲɵáδ֮ûпˣһֱܺ˳֮µǾΣ֪ͽͼһƬأ಻Ǹһ޳ɵķ֮ôʲô£ĿǰѾ֤ʵأ
йһ£ҲѾˡ𽣷˵

ʲô
ӲἰΪԽ޵Ľģػ˵£û뵽Ӿ᲻ᡣ

޾㶣ûϵýӶѪϵ»ҷ𽣵һشıǴ£ǷִǶԴµӣӣԲ˵Ȼ˿̵뷨𣬵Ȼֹеŷȡѽûἰüҡͷź
Ѫ֮ԭߣħ졣

รԭħԭеʷôҪӰ졣֮£ӲΪʲôԭѵǡһǹؼڣˣԼҲи֣ҲǽӲԭ
ħ̫Υ֮¡˵

ǰƲá޸ħ֮£ֻŽӶԼ벻Ρ
뺲Ϊ֮˴ڡ

ԣ޲Цаħ˽ԼͲ֪ʱʱǻкηӦһݲ񡣡
ΣҲΪ˻

סĲɣ˳ڴš
𽣿˼û˵޻񣬷˵ĶӣеǳĲڡкλҪ˵𣿡

ҡͷ˵лԿѪߵС
Үת֮л⣬ֺαأ˵ԭһӣʵʲôҲýӶڽա

һε˵Խӵ⣬뷨Ϊ϶ΪӣȻл㡣
˵ǿˡ

ĻֿעޡҪ𣿡ʵ
֮أ᲻ޣ¥ʺϡ

Ҫԭ
ҲҪȴ

޲ΪСа֮¶רԵĵȴʲôδѯʣȴ֮ŮĽ

ţСΪʩд޾һ£֪޻أɻؿ
֪ǶԼǰ˵еƣǽ͵ͬܳɹôʹ˰ݡʧܣŲѪԼа֮Ϊа֮аϢϢأԾݺӡ

޲ֱգһ˾ģȻȻļˡ䡣
ǰҲֻǾ䣬Ҫ뿪

šû뿪̷칬



ӵＬӰݷðЦ쳾ӦԲԭ֮º󣬱תȻ֮ͨ¥Ȼ֮˫·ʱħ¥С·߳
ţӿɡڶڴҪͨ·˵ĻǾе˵ȥ
ħǣǶʱʵ¿ǽɼ

ǡԷͳȽӯȫɢϢ˵һλ֡޵ѣʵ
˵أЦŷ̬ȴݲȡ

·ͨ¥磬޵Լ⣬
ƺ޴˵ʮϤ

˽⡣֪Լ֣ʾԼ
޴Լ𽣷˵ǶԱ˴˵Ӧֻн⣬Ƿǳ˽⣬᲻֪ǷΪ޴˵𣿡

ⲻˡ˽ϧԵϵȵ֮ϣϤ֪ԷÿС¡
ⲻ֪֪˵֮ϵľΡ

ͣȴ־͸¶ζ˵ʲô
Ž޶ԴԼʱͬĮ飬ħ֪ƽεദûʲôֻĽҪ޴˽ʶΪѣضſڱ㱻˵ͷö롣

ţα޾ܾʹ޵ˣﲻ˿
ǵϻҲ⸽𣿡˽ӡ

ǵá
ķһֱҲף׶Խ˵رԡ

ˡڳֵǣʵ֪֮ĸơʢΪ޶Լرӡ
ʵ飬ҹأ˵ʵĽ޴ֳȾѡ

ʸ䣿û˵ά֮֡
Ү޴˳ΪѺұʽΪʶ

ݷβȴԵǺβʶܸأӹ˵
ħЦ޴ӵˣһǱuصĺãġұһ¶ݵأŽӦܴӦССҪһҪ´죬뿪һұлԵȻ֮ݷ

ڴ˷𳾡
ٻˣ˵Цȥ

˼Ωãʵк棬طȻ֮ѡһ¥硣


һ·ĳ˼ϸ룬ħĻʡſڣɼĬڸɨŵء
짣𣿡
Ĭһ㿪΢Ц漴æҡͷ˲ڡ

ţǰһέ˵Ҫ¥紦飬ֲڣö޷Ӱ֪޽յæЩʲô޳ȥˣ
ѳ졣

ôǰһέֻص¥ӦִҴ뿪˵ʱ
ûУֻһ±

ţ׷ʱͷɷ̽ӡһɼԵ÷ǳϲãЦ紺ӭС㡣
ˡѵõһЦ

δˣɷң
ǰؽʱ˲⸽ûһᡣȻ짶ǳڴ¥ˡ

ɷ˼ϲԼϲޣȻΣվǵ⡣Цร벻ҵԵôá
һֱ¥ҪĿˡ

ɷôĻ޽ˡ
ɷЦҡͷŲǣֻ˵˵

˵޵ʹǰǺܿԡ
ԣɷЦʵ϶ֻԼ˶Խĸ飬Լɧȴ޷֪֮е¡ɲ⣬Ҫе˼Ҳܰһæ

СѾͷϵϣΪеοǶ⣬ػж֡
ȻҲ۰ǣϲȴ

ɷͻȻᵽ޶Լĸ飬һ㶣Цɷҵţǽɼһͽܡ
һˣͽ߶أ

ϲӣ޿ϸҲ
ɷ￪ˡͷЦʵҪ뿪¥磬Ϊ˼Ĭ짡Ը˳סĻô϶ҪΪյʦˡ

ҵĻӵȻ벻ޣֻɷƽҲʵ۰ġʱ磬ҪػȻ֮ˡ
˵ҪȥɷеʧæɷΪݲ裬塣

޲ڣҲš
˽ʱˣҪҺúд

ΪΣ
˵շæ棬ʵ˼㲻棬¥ζʱܸеԼһ׾òĺѰ㡣

û뵽޾˵ЩЦҺʱ˵ˣʵǡ
𣿡ɷ˵˽δ֮

ЦοҲɷĬ짶Լ֮ĸˡˣ˫·һİˡ޲ʱʼˣʣʵǲ
һ𣿡ɷָӦǸ뿪õħ졣

ţ˵ǰݷΣǲüޡɷ֪֣
ɷɻؿȻΪʲô᲻֪˾ħ죿ħĿǰʿ̢ĶӦýӶҲ൱˽ŶԡѵΪ̫ã棬ԲŻ᲻ϵ
Ȼ߽֣ҡͷ˵û˵ԼãҲ޷˼档

ŰݷòԼӾ졣
šǸֶûòˡɷﲻ˵ʵ飬ֻ˻شš

֣ȻǸ֮޵ĶӦ
ɷϣԶҪ˼档

ɷ㲻ϲӸеɷﻰƺ
Ȼòȡˣȫ¸˵ĸоáɷЩΪԼħĺеǶЦղչҲϲ

㲻õģ޵ĸԣǲ˽ύΪѵġ
ˣɷﲻɵüˣҲôġԸ

ǼôûģǲеġЦ
ףҲ̫Ҹе¡ɷͷ

ɷ޵ĒI֮ģýʮָжοˣҶᱣǣġ
仰̫ᣬɷź漴ۿҡ

ôˣҪƽɷЦţȻһ۵رôܸо£ڵʲô𣿡
ûСæϣʵڲôСй¶Լ¡̫жɷŻʧ̬

ûкúôˣһΪ顣
ˣҵϣ໨˼ϣֻҪ֣ܿɷҲ͸ſ֡

ɷһֱΪĵķԭġ
˵Цˡɷҡͷ

Ҫȥ鷳תǼˣɼݷù
һᡣ

ǡ


ˡ
Լߣһֱޣϰ߱͡
ôæڽʱҲҪǵöౣԼ

ɷΪҵģ
ţ·աͷҲϵһ⣬κεʧ

л㡣Ц˵ԼǷһڼϣת֮ʣӶȻ󾲾뿪
ȥֻʣ˵Ӱⲻ¥



ҹ̷칬֮ϣ𽣷˵ڵϢ֮δ˯Ժ˼޽˵Ļ
޶ںѳƽҪζԴ

ͽ䲻ͬţ˽мΪ󡣽ĹϲЦеȴѴ򶨽ػῸΣ֮ΡֻԴ֮ƺͶ˲
뽣Ӳ᲻ףֻŽǸʱԼˡ



𽣣ڶǰʶһλ̵ˡ
ţΪĬƽ⣬ʶµ˶˵Ǵ£رἰ⡣

˵£
š

֮Ϊ¥ޣסڻȻ֮
𽣺ؿûлػ

ӼЦ˵𽣣лὫΪǽܡ
ţʶãӴӲԼ˽ܸԼջôýرء

𽣷ģϲڿۣǸȼѵľӣΪҲżְǣ佣ԼΪǷǷڡ
Ӳ۹

Ǹл𽣶ԽɼΡ
Ц˵ϣܸܵõл㲻Ҳͬ˿

Ȼ֮·ҽɼһ֮
𽣿ϵһ϶ԼˣǽɼҲΨһ϶ֿѡ

ңһ᲻˼ӿЦ
Ȼ˽ô˵ϾԼ·ڳˣǣˡûʲôĿ˵



ܵģֻ˵磬޵Ľ룬ҲȻԼΨһĺѣѲǰڡ
Ȼ·𽣲ֹֻԼæʱᵣΪ
޽յĻ˵ĸ֮

ʵദʱ𽣱ѷ޶ԽӲǵ顣ֻǽһֱԺƽ̬ӦάǺѵĹϵԼҪߵ·̫ŽӣҲһֶ˵ǣҡ
ϣȫ

һ޷رӶԼ飬ýκʧ



ջ޵ޣҹμ뽣ӵľѣշתࡣ

Ϊ
ڴϵʮ⽣Լ̸һյѪͣȴԡһֲֻᡣ

ĸ£һֱ²š
ϸ˼˵ĹϵǽԼıȣ½Ȼ͸¶Լĸ飬ҲֻټʵĲ²ȴȥķ֡
Ը⣬һ£δͻ
ΪԼпڷţΪԼԲŲἰΪܣôҲ޷ⲻᣬ˾á

ðοԼǶԵ𣿡

޻յ£ħ֮δǰӿǷǳҪԼԭҶ֮һ㲻ҪԼ
϶źãѵĸͲܻΣ

ü˼һǡ֣ԭͽ

ԭͽµȤȻʱǰŨҵĻôֶ¹ԭǵԼͽǸıҪء

ӣҲİȽϺáҲ֪ӵȴڸ޷ҵеĻǻŸȤԡ

¥꣬Բɷ짵Ĵڣף
µӴ󣬿̷࣬չС޶̺ԼΪǲӶ֮飬ΪԼĸο壬Ϊ˽ԼǷ˳סһǶˣ

Ͳһаĵˡ

뷨Զ֮ݵκεʴڣ
䰮ɽ밮ˣǽɽˡȴΪ˽ӿϷֿɵõԭ֣˰꣬ʲô

Ϊ겻Ⱦ

ΪĲȾΪףΪξΪ˰ģ޷԰Ρ
꣬Ҳʲôĸ飬ȻҲ᳢ࡻζǸԹĲԻӦҲøлԼԡ

е´룬еҹﴺ֮ȴůǿĴꡣÿҹ˸е尾
̫׵ֵĶζú޷֣޷ϼˡ
浣ģδ֮·ѡᲽϾѡ



⣬ԭĻȻ֮ҹƮ΢ꡣ
ôҶƬǰߵɣȻڴȴ޷˯

ǰԶΣҹദ˽¡ǵĳ;ۂ·òҹ֮ѰһҿջͶޣȴΪֻʣһշ˲òͬߡ


ͬ𣿡
ڻ֪ջֻʣһʱﰵԸˣȴҲΪ޵ˣ׽ӣǿ뷨

һɽ·ҹ˵صĻµҰȹӽϣ½Ǽ°ڱŢŪಿˮΪϴաָͬϢ

޼ذ׵·Ū࣬ܡǰֻⴲ᲻ϰߡ
޵ôִţ

ôһ޵ǸеԾһֱΪƽĮĽӻܾͬߡȻڴ˿̵СȵľƽӵĿǡ
͹٣ǵϵȵľơսս˵šȻҵס޵˷ǳ࣬δ˳߹Ŀˡ
ôأӶҪӡ

ǳǸΪ⼸꣬ʪδɣԲжıӿɹӦ
ԣ΢Цȥɣ

С뿪󣬷ֻʣǶˡ޹ţ̾ǧһ±
ⱻӣѡ񲻸

궳ǣޱշתߡѽʱ˵أأʵ֮õĺûᡣֻǽ飬ҲһƬĿġ
ôǽҸͬһˣ

ԣľȣû뵽ӻԼǱԼ֮²Ŷԡǰ仰޵ȫڲͬľأ޿ЦȻ˾ƣ˵ǰ⡣
Це˷ܣȴĮ˵ˣ޵˲ִЩ޻㲻ˡ

Ӳͬߣ˵ͬðأ
һʼ֪ԼŻҪһʱ޿ѡȻҲһˣкκù˼ɣ˵ţľơ

ǰǲ˼ɡ˾ƣ뷨Ҳö
ˡ±ӣߵ¹ǰһһ£ٵȫڱϣԵñƽҪЩ
޾ıӰڻ谵ĵƹ£һһ㡣֪ľȫѪڣǰĽֻ͡

ޣ㲻˯𣿡תĿתضԼƣЦҷͷ
Ҳ˭˯ʱɵ£

รߵǰ˱ơҿƺƽʱͬ
ˣֻˡ˲ĺ˼ƺѱ޸еͬʱּΡ

ʵҲǽӵһͬޣֻЩǿƽĿҪ̫ӵ˼ҵ꣬ʱԶˣ
ȴͬߡ

Ҫҹദһ졣
Ϊꡣ

̫ԼԼ̫ɶʵʣǺ£ڽֹĻʡɣʱʮƣۣҪϢߵǰҪ˯滹ͷš
Ȼͷ޼æ˯ĵ

ȻҪ˯ͷҲٵȴֱ˴޼״֪ƣ۲ӦԼҹ̸Ҳ¾Ʊ½ڣ֮ʵҪϨ𣿡

ѽ˯Ľ۾ƽһװޣҹѵõءޡͻȴ֪˵ʲô

Σ޺Ŀ
˺һ󣬲ŴӺر𡣡

รû˵ղ֮ԻסԼἰ˴ˡһΣ˵ջǻعء
ϴǱʱӵ漴˹ЦҸԼѰĿҲԼ

ڴһܷ豹档˵
ɵҪһߣлᡣ

Ҳ޲ɣΪ˿㷵豹棬һһߡ
仰ຬ⡣

̫ˡӱϢˡ
ǰһͬ깲ߣܺúõ˯һҲ̫ӡ

깲ߣȴûжȥ龳˫۲ú󣬱Ѱ˯ȥ



ҹѳߣмˣ

ʱ޼Ժѵദպ֮Ѿ̹ȻԣΪ޷𽣷˵Ծڡ

𽣵ʥ֮·ֻܳΪס

˴£ߵ߿ͷȻƮš¡



޷˯ޣ԰յӣú̾ΪҲӣ

ζ̣˭Žҹ͵ļį
ȵѶ֦˹Ϊҵ֮̾Լȴڸ֮ϡ
ͷ̾ϢΪֻΪԼ뽣ӵδѸеãȻ

__________________________________________________ 

粻Ⱦʮ塿ƻɺ ߣ

ϲ֪Ϊʢʩд޾һ£֮а֮ӵҲ¶
а֮ӵĽӲȥҪֹΪϣ𽣵죬ȫ˼ԼΣΪ
ڴ˵㣬ͷ𽣵ĿͬΪֻ˳ƶΪ֮£лѰŤתʵҲֻ˲÷ȫˡ

ߣʩдܾɹôȥһѣʧܣİΣǳǡ⣬Ҳģеĳһԭʿ˻ǰȥΧɱǣȻѪҲŷǰôֻһ֧žߡ

ҸΪмȥ
Ȼ޽յã½ټΪȴ׼֮ʱɶһέ˱һͬǰ
ǰصص˵ƣڵһͣƻϡ΢ȴٿԳҹϡ



գ̷칬֮ϣСΪδɣ޷һһ֪ʧܺ󣬱ȥĻȴ˽¾鲻ԸУ˫صĳͻһ򶷺ͻΧŮ룬ںС̸ķڵ֪ҲŶȥ



һέڣ̷칬ǰȥȴΪߴ˲·С
·ˡЦ
·ֻvԶ·һέ͵

·vԶ·޷ֻҪ֮ǰǸϵ̷칬ɡδ˵ǻļ֮£ԲĬһ
ֵֹطʲôûģ

һһʱеıаѶǡ
Ƕһέ

аԵԼǰԹĶһέǵλ֮һλ֮ʱһͷΪҲԼǿ
һ򶨣а漴˶Ϣ£ʮָǿϮӡ

ţһойƽæɶ͵Ϯһ͵Ϯ֮ųεβͣԭ֮ˡ
Ǳаһέе

Υˣһέаҧгݵ
벻㻹šʧʱԭǲƫƧڣһέһȻѱħյˡ

ǰúܺáԩ·խû뵽Ѱ·
һέ˲ЦรҵڴˣǻеҵĺѽɼڴˣͶһέϽˮ

ɼԭǴС𽣷аʶˣǵħ˵ʱǽС𽣲ŵԽ⿪Ƿӡû뵽ǰ𽣵˻ǳ⸱ģаɵð̣һûгԹֳʳҲζرһǴ̼
ǰǴ̼һέĻظ˱飬ſϷ

﷽ϣа˶ʶҶϮˣһέæҲʶֵ֮ܵ˲ҶлΪܣľᵹ
ǿЦ

ƻݶӺҪСˡ
Үԩͷծ鷳ģҵġӹ鷳˻ȥ

ʲô鷳ҵģ˼һʼĿ㣬ҡ
Թ㣬·ˡ

ǿ㣬Żṥʶ㡣
ɱ㣬ȲŻҡ

ԣһέеİǿԼĹһ㽣Ӵɵȥˣ
ร޿֮ˣлǰΪҽôϧ𽣲ֳǲˡͽ

һһڻΣȴ˿Լаһŭβɨһέſ죬󣬶ӷԾڿգ֮ʣתΪǿеĳβаһӲȣˤˮʮ߸ߵˮգۼ˳ƶӣӰ

ҵָ㣬֮óľĵƣӰҪСģΪԵѡ
лǰѣҲ˵аǱ˭ƣ˵ͬʱҲרעĶ

Ǹаûʲôԣʱ˵ǵĿɰֻôѲһέǰ˽֣˽ǵӡ
ǰҽֻܴ֮£ָӵԾҪ鷳һέǰˡ

ѽٽǰˡǱ鳤ûҪƵǰǲ֮¡ҪôУôǰһ£Ҵֻ
һ˵ĺޡǲ칲أ
﷽ݣһƻ󣬲üаһཬĴ䡣

ɶ񣡡аûϵǸĵ޵ˣ˻񣬾ʹӿڣر𶯡
ࡣȻʺͣһέȡЦ

һЦаʶ֮ܣˮͬʱϮӶ˶ʱС

ֳսûӦֻ鷳ͬӵпʶĶˡ
ʲô鷳ңֻҪ㽣Ӵɹųһõط㡣

ֻαֵùųʣһǾıֱȽϺá
ǰӶմ࣬绹ܲȾ𣿡

ǡ粻ȾһҲ˵ӲһЦȻ˳һȵĻ䡣ֻǸϵڱ˦ͬʱΪǿޱȵĽʶ֮ɵϣͬʱаʧӰ
ǽƻα

ûʹųԲŻˡ
㣬ǰѵǣ´ٻʱұػһѵڴ˵ЩʱǸÿ뿪Ҫ𽣻ϵʱ

Ҳԡ
Ჽټǰʱһ֮ٴαƽӲתͬʱСԻȡ͵Ϯ֮ˣͻȻֻĲҽ޴ڶѪȾˮ档
ѽաЦǧ͵ϮСѷ

ߣһ
ȸѵ

ݻɽΪ󻼡پǿҪԿˡ
Ү֮һ¾ʹãֺԲ֣ʱϲֻȸѵԺеǻᡣ

ǰȥ𽣷˵ΪҪ
˵꣬뿪Ƭ



뿪̷칬֮һֻŮӻԭںòװ˵׷ɱһܵɽʱвѰе֮ҽæٺú̽ӣû뵽ͷģϻصˣԼһȺˡ

㣡е
û

µˣû뵽˻µˣΪ˵ʹǼȺһ𣬿Ⱳ뵽й
е֮ˡ

¥ģֱָʹ߱¥

ûش𣬳ֱʹЖͬ·ĵеĲкܿͿԷںԼǾսپȻԷʵվֻģԼѧһƤëΪ壬һʽ׶һۡڴʱһԹۿʱ¥ˡ

øУʵ𣿡һӣ˼˵⡣
Ϊʲô㣿вΪλڻȻ֮ʱоóϲԼԼûɱ⡣

껹ǵͩĽԼ¹ʥ𣿡
ǵáѵҪԭ

֪ͩĽͬʱҲǽ۰
ţȻԴǹڻôڽǰȫɫɱͩĽ塣
ظʶ֪ԼɱʱʵǳȻûʱΪκβΪϵıɱŮػʣΨһǾǱһˡ

ȴɥص˵¡
޶ͩĽ⣬ᵱӻԼʱܡһһûԹԣڡ

รвΪˣҲһİڣҪȵʱʹĻа֮أǲٵȴ֮¡ҪֹǴ˽ѣŮа֮ӵߣػΣİΣ¾ѪԼа֮ӵĴڡ

֪Թ޷µ֢ڣɽ޻֪ԼʹģŮҲĽڡȻʴ£ڽټ֡㲻ҪΪѣҵŮӵദʱ䣬ºԻ㼰һõĽ

ҪԼŮ֮£ѵҪԼ˶а֮ӵΣΪⲻҪĻŮҪͼ·û뵽
Ůҵģ˭Ҳá


ʱĮ֮ŲʣֺԵȴŮ⣿ʵ벻͸еԭ򡣿һ仰е𺳣ԼĶκ˶ôأʱȫΪԼˣ뵽̾벻յĴ˾ҲΪ
ûˣԶʧȥԼΪʲôζ

Ҳ˵˶ûˣԲΪĸܡֻ޷ȫͬ˵ϾԽӸ֮ʤһ˵ˡûˣֿѪԵ
ǽ𣿡

ԣЦţйˣǼڻȻ֮ԼԽӵ⡣ޱԴΨһ϶ˡ
޵Ĵв𾪣ֻ֤ʵԼ롣úϧѵõԵ֡

ร޲Ļ⣬ȣʡ
һˡ뽣ӽӴܸʶӣҲһôı顣

ᵱȻһˡ뽣ʶ˰꣬Ҳ׽˰꣬᲻׽ӵΪˣΪǸˣԲŻô׽ΪһˣŻΪ

ϣδ䣬һӰٿ룬ײɽϣȻһ޶һ࣬Ƿ𽣷˵ŹأԽ֧塣

ѣ˻ӣǰôһ£һѱͬʱҲԥؿٶסǿɣ棬˫עźߡ

һɳ֣æڱ뿪¶ŵˡ



һĽһέ̷칬ﻤ֮е״
УԼĻձɷ֡ǺߣⶼΣλˡټѪ߶ҲἱŻסа֮ӰȫӢֻҪһҹѪߵǿôһڣ
һ֪ϢӼæһέ뿪̷칬ķȥ



ҹĻʹѰ鱨ϵ֮ʱֱֻͦվǰһڵ֮С
ΪΣǶҲѪҺ£üۡΪȥ֮˸ֻû뵽ǰС
Ըӵĳֶʱ÷𽣸еģȻʮֵеİΣŻ

ǰ˭ȡеأֻԼ˽Լһ뵽ˣüøЩһλΪֶҲΪԼȴˡ𽣡ͻȻе
£

ʹתʵڸоΣ
ûԭ֪Լˡ

÷شܶɵʵԶԼΧ˵Уˡ
ţ

Һ淽վԭزΪ˺򣿡𣿽Ӹеǡ
Ȼʣ𽣲ûлش𡣴ʱһέ˵һЪϢһ｣Ӱˡ

һέ˵ֻƽŲһԣ˰֮󣬽ӱվĹǰĬƬ̣ܸоõܡ

֪ѹܱסˡ
𽣲ûб֮⣬ĺȴڳȥа֮ʱҲ޹֮˰ȫ˿ա

𽣣Ѿл㡣û뵽Ϊ֮ˣԼˡ

лûаʲôæ

𽣡
лֱ˵޷

а֮ӵĵ⣬β˳أ֮ѹǳڷԼɣΪΥ˷ԭ

㵣ң
ûлش𣬶һέڴ̸̫࣬һԵĴϵǴе𣿡ʵ
һέ˹ϸһӰʮӵ֮

Ӱʮ֣Ϊ£󱻱Ϊλ𣿡
벻ħҲһέǧѰ֮ˣԭѹԭѰáΪζΪյ֮սӰʮԼΪ֮ǰ˱𣿡

ֻĴ˲⣬ֻħԼȥΪǰһλӱ˵ħа֮ҲȤ
Ϊа֮ӣôӦҲյá

ԭ򡣡һԵķ𽣷˵
˼ǣɥ֮£һέ㲻״мʧԾ⵽ôһ£

ơӲа֮ȤôӦа֮ӵŶԣҪɱ
ҲҪɱвɣɱһέ۵

ѣӰʮֲǵּ׼ȷ֮𣿡
ǰһʣһέò˼

ʱʣǵҸСͶޣ÷𽣵Ϣ
á𽣼æܾ

Үѣԭҹ쳣ѵڴ޿У㲻Ϣһέǧַ˵ˡ
ǰǰǻҸطϢȽϺãҲоƣˡһέⰧΪľ÷𽣷˵ԸϢ
𽣾Žӣ֪ǵ⣬ֻôӦ


˸СͶޣڶһέϨϢ󣬶𽣷ڴϵϢ

ҿơ˵
áҡͷܾ

شѪ֮һƷͬСɣ㲻
֪

÷شߣ˭أ˲֪ʵ֮⣬뵱Ҳڶ
ӱǡ

ҲԼԼһơЦ
šӺԼŹͬͬĵҪԭ򡣡ϢСתΪ泩㲻õġ

ŶһέڳʱǷлҪ˵
š𽣵ͷ

к㣿
ˡ

รӾȵؿǰѵ÷վԭزԭ𣿽Ӹеʡʱģ
ҵ֮ǰǰȥ

ôɵĴԵˡô޿˵Ϊǰ
ΪǰһаԼֹа֮ӽ

⡭ʵ޷ǰԭΪʲôҲôҪ£ΪԲԼ
Щ˽ΪԼΪĳŵôеġȻ˵ҪԼĽŲ쳾ȴϣΪԼˡһֱҲа֮ӵĴڣԡ
Ҫֹа֮ӽǰĿǰֻܿӷľȻһʧܣôֻɱĸӲܽ⣬ɱˣ

ҡͷɴֳʱ̸ῴûжж֮⡣

޲ûΪУôΪԼˣЦһֱΪæ˽ºϻȻ֮벻
Ҳܾȡ
ĳ֣̬Խӵĸ顣

𣿡
ûС

Ϊ뿪ûͬڣǰ𽣵ֵɵĹΪʲôûչشķ𽣣Ӳ⡣
һԾԼǿжߺվԭز֪ʲôúŶ˵Ҫ¥硣


ҲֹԲáڱʱ£ôޱǸȥá
ʧʵ

¥Ȼ֮ҪǻᣬΪλʧֻ룬·ϲˣôֻΣ
һĶ񶷡

ʵĵֶ񶷣ǲ֮£ʱƣ޷⣬ѣҲ̿˵ˡ˵Ž˴𽣱ܾˣֻĬΪԼˡ
ͬҲּˡ

ѵ˵뷨ǸˣȴҲ֪лɣ
ֻǲϣա

ͬ飬ҲԸԼգͷ𽣻ʮֵ񡣡ѣȴ𣿡
ĿϲӻΪѣԼֻнһˡ

Եȡһ仰Եȡѽ˫ƽ䱳˹ΪˡԼĪһ̼󣬽Ӳ֣Ϣ˵㵣ʲô˽ߵԼ֮·Լ񣬺Իе
շ𽣶Լ˵и˵ˣ̫࣬ȻҲĻֻοȴοԼ

˵ԼͬһֻΪɽȴһǣ뷨Ҳÿһ˵ĸܡ

𣿡ԭڵŴ¡ҪĽ˫Ӯκһʧ
缺Ը

ǲ缺ԸҪǾģͲ䡣˵ţ˴
ԭ˫Ӯ˶塣𽣱Ŀ˼޻ŽӣҲԼôҰˮᣬȴָǿѾҪߵ·˭ҲˣĸԺԼʵʮ񡣡Ҫֹľˡ

û˿ֹ˽֮¡
סֻ׽ӵĸԣӦҲſϰ｣ӵæ

ϢҲٴţȥ
δ̸֮ۡ

ʱô໰ˣҪҲô˻ݷС𣬲Ǿһ̷칬
š˵ҪԼͬУ䲻ɫȴеˡ

𽣣Ѫ֮δսǰų⡣Ц˦䣬ļᶨؿŷ𽣡

һЦ׽ӵ˼ʥ֮·ػԼߵա



磬޻ص¥磬Ĭڣɷȱħ֮¡
ʲô
û뵽ħĶϢô죬ԼֶԿʱӰʮɱ
רݷˡɷæˮΪݲ衣

ߣһʮֵĲ죬Ŵ£иǷŭħר̽Լ١ᵹǺǸڸӰʮ֡
˷£

޵ˮ̣룬üƺô̸۴£³ʱǿ˿ڡˡ

˵˻ʱɫǳضϲãԭ֮ûие࿪ģһֵĳӿϡ
ΪӶӶ֣ɱԼ뾡취ҪºŷûеõʲôеģҲֻǿ顣
룬֮Լϲãôϲ֮˵ֺǷҲĪʧУ
νֵĶ׷ζԲɱȱݡôԼ׷˽Ӱ꣬ΪҶ֣Ϊµ˻ζԲŻһֱ׷Ḷ́
ǸԼΪԲŻվǰôá

Ǳ˭ɱɷﵣԼ֣ΪǴ±ˣǽʹ뽣֮ĹϵøӣǾѡ
Ծ˵

ԾɷΪԼĶ˿ĬҲһԡ
ѲķӦûԭֻΪѪ֪ԼĹΪѪߣֶԱһвԲűİŮɱ

ɷﲻ˱磬ʧȥĴסݼңӲ֪ʲôǸΪԼŮһ£ֻ͵͵жģȴҿ˵ֵ֪бŰŮȪΪܡˣػѹԼ顣

ѪҪԷѪߴиһ¡ǰ̵ĸƣڳΪѪ֮󣬱丸ĸȫɷ־߾һ㣬᲻ϲ˴ĸģ
ǳΪѪ߱ǲܿԼʶֵܹ

ʹΪѪҲǰļ䣬̰ͼɵĶһֻϵ»ϣȴɰΪɥ֮顣ۿҧԼ׵ľʱǶԭ¡
ˡ

ߣ񡣡
һ˵ȴˣɡ

ǵʱΪĸʰɷĹǰԲ˺أ
һÿ򰮶еΪδȷ

รöɷﻰе˼Ц겻öൣģзִ硣ˣ᲻⼸죬ɻʲô𣿡˿Ҳ˵ֻѯ¥Ľ߸˵֪ģĪڽǷ


รһŽΪת䣬Ȼ缺ûԼû˵ʲôʵϸղ˫·ʱҲԥǷֱϻȻ֮һὣӡ
ֻҪתá

ûڣ
ɷ˵ָʾתҪǴΪд֮⣬˵ڣš

ЦѲΪԼڣ㲻¥֮ڣãѵ֮¡Լǰȥ룬ѵ¥磬ı䡣ӿɻ˵ʲô
ڼҲ޷ӵŮ֮ʱ޶ĺ˲߽⣬֮ľһδеĸܣǾͬ顣

Ҳħ֮¡ɷʵڲᵽħ죬Ҫܲᡣ

ΪΣԽӻͻȻᵽħ֮£ѵħʲô
˫·еƣ˴¡

รһħýӸţ鲻ôɣζýӸ¼жϣħƺԼվͬһߣԲǿɺĶСӦС
֪ħ죬ʲô֡ɷּ˵

ţԭӲħ죬ѹһûἰ¡ôʹǰʲô£ֻҪħƲϵͲṹвϾεԼħ

ɷڳ˼Ӧ˼Žӵ飬ʵˣɴȥһ˻Ȼ֮

Ȼȥһýӣħһ£ֻһʵڲʺϻȻ֮ǼΪᱸ£Ҫԡ
šһҪǰȥȻ֮ɷ˵æͷ

ɷ뿪Ĭ짽ݲĹתΪĬˮһڽһ³ŵмħ֮£Ĭ짵˲ˮ뱭ʱʹع

짣֪ǰӵһ֮ˣȻͬڻ֮£ҲĶ𣿡ͻȻе˵ôһ仰

Ĭ짲֪λشǰֻٱʾΪ˹ԵĬ짣Ц껹ûаκˣԲ뷨
Ĭ짵ͷǲҪͬڣҪͬΡ

ʱҲ뷨

û֮ǰǸҲڸˣ˵ϣ֮ͬ



ԡޣһɾ·ȻȻ֮ȥڳС·ϣμӣȴָеղӣֻ֪Σָνħ֮£
··̣֮ˣ
ԵȼȺ̸ʲôǷڻȻ֮ڣԼߵ·̣ΪΪ֪

СǰУʱƻ̣֮˻Ȼ֮ȴѩ׵Ӱͤǰֻյڷεĵšţ

ǽӵ֮ʱֻϣδеΪʲô飿зÿͣ

ֱӷӦӸпһ̽еķԱرգȻ֮ڳԼĽŲ⣬κζ
겻ڣʱ𣿡

޻صͤڵȺֱɫڣ̧ͷյ׵ƣƻ΢հѵ˵жϣһһҹϡΪʲôҪڰƣǰʹԶţҲƣΪʲôͻȻ޻Ȼѵ
Ǵڵᣬ֪𣿡

Ӧ֪ԼǰϴҪһέΪתãյڸԼòȥ
Ļ

뵽ˣüĻȻ֮¾нӵͬڣʲô겻ȴ
һʲôò뿪¸ʤΪԼĵȴ

ʧԼվͤڣŻȻ֮ڣϣһ̽ӾܹΪħ֮£롭󰮡

ɣֱʱˣ׽ҹ޿
ֻŪϨ˵»ҫ£Ȼ뿪ڴɾ






粻Ⱦʮ貨֮ ߣ

޻ص¥磬ʱĬһڣ̽ӣ޼һ仰Ҳû˵˽ӵķ䡣

ڻȻ֮ʱڵȴӹδڽӲʱޣԲŻһ̲ò뿪
Ȳܼһ棬ǵصⷿһ˼֮Ҫȥ̽١


ʱĬ째֪ɷҹ飬漴ҹΪػҹû뵽ȻûС
š¯ǰӲĬֻӦţÿڳһ

ǽڻȻ֮𣿡ɷ˲ûҪȥע⽣ӵ٣Բ֪ڻȻ֮Ļ˲ô˻ǳˡ
ɷԽпܣȻĬֻûлش𣬱ϾҲ׵׷ʲô¡

Ϊǻһġ˵⻰ʱԵʮʧǳܣǵڼúá
ֻһֱϣ˻ûħʽǰߣϾħ⿿

̼ǵҪǰر𽻴ҲڻȻ֮죬ûлĻôڰʱּǵ׼һЩȻ֮Ҫ³ˣ˭֪ҹѻ

һҹʧ飬ͦġɷ伱֪ҹΣΪԼ˵įеѹ
Ĭ짲ʵҹȻƣ֮ʱ֪ƣҲȴֿ˿ڡ

짣ʲô𣿡ЩɷԼﳣ¡԰æĻ岻ݴǡ
ţĬɻؿΪ£ܽ롣ӦõԼҪġĬ짴Ӳ˵ΪɣǾŷԼ˵¡

ֹҰģ޷ȥǻụ˺ȻǵΪ죬һ£᷸һ᷸ĴοһֱԹߵ޵Ϊִ뼸
˺޿ɱ⡣ˮҨˮ侲ش

ɷؿĬ짣û뵽ŸΪֹ۸еģֵõĴ𰸡
Щʱ򣬹ҲҪ

𣿡Ϊ˺۵ĸܹȫϡ
ԭĸоζǻ֮ˣٻظǰӡ

Ҫģǻصǰɷҡͷ
ҪļȲǵĻصǰǾ͸ӦҪнܱ仯лʹ׼

ȻĬ˵վǷŲġ짣㻹Ϊ˲ָ𣿡
ɷһʣĬ짳Ĭ𣬼ȥĲ

Ȼý𣿡ٴţʵڲϣʼնֻԼ˵һԸˣôʵ̫ˡ
˺ܿ𣿵˲ϲΪǣϲ˼Ĭɷ뷨

֪лѡϴЩʱֻԹۣ޷֡㻹û˵𰸡ϣĬ짵Ŀ
Ĺ۲죬ӦҲϲһϲˡ

𰸣ЦĻôδ˺£ˡ
ĸӦǡɷƺԽûʲôģĬţʹӶֻѵ꣬ĸԣҲǵˣο鲻ôˡ

ĬƽչԣҲɷ˵»ģȴҲǳǵ顣



һݱ˷֮󣬱һ·ԭת
ԭAĿǰ޷̽Ϣа֮ӵĵȷ޷ֹԶһέлȥЦ쳾˱档
ƻʱ֣·价ɽɽ£ݷԽʱ֮ŵķ𽣣һŴ˵ضĳزģǱǰȥһ̽

񲨳ǰӵ𽣣񲨳ȡ𣿡
ű̵ĳˮʮ磬·Ѫ߶ԿͶ˳ժȡΡΪ˾ػһǲΣʱ֮ţʵѪɱ
˵ΪѵԼҲ֪Ϊ˲ıػһðΣաķǴȱߣԵľߡ

š价ɽû뵽һǰǳԽʱգ𽣷˵ԺﾡʮҲ̶õľ
Ǳͻصʱʱһ̾ڶϣʥ֮·޷ˡ

ԭ쵼ػ֮˲ڣȻʧʮ˼
šԼۼ֮Ҳ޷Żд·

ľ󣬽˼Ȼ棬˳Ȼõķʽеβжֹ֮£ʹøۣ಻ܲΪοֿΪ˻⣿Ϊ֪ԲŻ᲻޵ķԶ뽭
ػǸ쵼ߣȴΪֱһҳ鵱ַ֮Ƿ
ס

ܵԼ϶Զ֧֣·ߵøƽ벻į
סһֱܵý֪ȻѴ뷨߽ӣ룬˵Ҳס

𽣣㻹ǵǰͬ𣿡
ǵá

ͻȻȻ֮ң˵ҪȥɽûԥģұȻӦһͬǰʵҳ˶֮Ȥ֮⣬Ҳһ¡
ʱӾϣԺһͬȥԣһػŷôһˡ
ʱԸ
ţ𽣿Ӳ֪ӻд뷨ԴӽӺʶ˾ͷǳ׽ҲһͬԶķԼڲҿޣ˶£Բ㳣ͽһЩӰ콣Լ꣬ΪӦ޵飬뵽Լ

ǽɼһ϶ĺѣʱұ׽³ҡ룬һ޿УʱʱὫȫͶעھҵ֮ϡҪܵûгΣϼϣҲŻһͬɽˮ

ԭԭʱ뿪֮󣬽ӲֱӻػȻ֮ΪԼʵҲЩɽʤӶȥʱȴҲֻΪͻȻҪôôҲû뵽ġ

һΪںڳ֮ߣ̰Ȼ϶Ϊһķ뷨ȫͬ
ڻȻ֮ɽƺڶΪһľ磻ҲӶɡ·ϣǶѴҽľ硣

û˵ôΰ󡣡಻ǸԼԼѣڵɽ֮ɫǲģֻһҪĲЩ

𽣲ΰڽΰ֮ˡ
˿١Ӻֻ᲻ϲ롣ӲΪԼһΰˣԼΨһ֪ôΪ𽣷˵ʵ̫µˡ

㲻ϲô룬뽣Ӳ֮ͬ£ǽһҲ޷¡ûʶ֮ǰ԰е˼ϣԴ˸ǣȡй˼ɡ
뵽ˣЦΪԼĻһӽϵڷϣǰķֳ룬һΪ壬ǸֻԼ˽
˽ȴֿ֪ܴķΧ
ΪζЦ𽣸еơ

ֻţǻı䡣
뵽ʲô׵ĵӺԴʱ˸п

ûʲôӲ̸۴£֮䣬ֻͷ֮ˣŻͷʱһһͬĴΣΪϣ˾⣬żҲܽĵĽ䱸жҪôࡣ

л㡣֪ӶԼⲿӦйأȴûпʣΪŽ

лʲô
Ϊ롣ֻżȻҪˣǾ㽣Ĵȥ¸ԭǽԼ

㲻ҲͬΪ룿ֺαлأӷ
š𽣵ͷĿ΢һ˿΢ЦڲءϻΪߣΨнһˣͬģΪ֮汼˽ȴҲԼ֪
Ϊӵ֮飬ǽΨһ𽣷˵˽֮ˡ

𽣡
лҪ˵

ԼΪУΪжҲΡûʲôֻ˵ؾֻ֮һС룬ĽųԼһʱɵôҪڴ˷ֱˣ
Ȼ˿̽ӹ֮£ȴ˵ķ𽣡
Ȼ֮ȴԶɫٸϻػȻ֮½Ҫ

⻰˼вͬ뷨ԼԼǰȥ
βסһ

ţԣ΢Це㲻ŸߡƱķ𽣻ῪҪԼȥҹʲôдҵģ⿪Ц
³ͻȻвܣֲʳ

˵ȥݷʱҪ﷨дԼģԽˡ΢䣬еϲáʱԨ𾵰ݷù㣬ԴƾӲҺ󣬵ǲҹ
šҲ״¡

ڻȻ֮ĵط㹲ҹڴѪ֮в£Ҳһѵõķ顣
⻰⣬ʵ㵣Ժûл᣿

ҮҵĵĿɶš
֪ӵĵĲֻԼѣĵĶӦҲޡи˵ˡ

лİο鵱涼˿ĻΪ˵ĵִӺζ
𽣿Ҳ仰ֻǶظߵһְο֮ˡ



޽˯ʱɷ̺ʱ֪ӲڻȻ֮һ£Ҫȥһ̽ӵϢ
磬ͤڸ٣ȴϢرֱƻʱ֣Ҳؽһέ¡
Ҫɷ£һ˶ͤĬãŵŽӾᵽôʧĻˣ

ȻΪʲôͻȻУҲֻзжýӸϵȥ뵽ˣԭǵڽǸʤΪԼȴˡ𣿡

ôյ΢ĵҹȼţк壿Լ֪ԶˣǺβͱˣЦָֻоÿࡣ

üø֪ڵĽӱǺͷһ
ˣһһֱҲ׽ػ𽣵ĲκɡĽ

ǰ֪з˴ʱͷǳĽڽռôҪķƺһҲܼġ˿ȡġҲ𣿡

һҪ𽣼ôӱػԷΪҪ¥ޡ
ˣԲĿָ飬ΪֻҪõһӱ㲻ưոݡ
Ҫ꽣ɼӵᡭ

뵽ˣԾذһšͻȻϴϤԭɷڽлԼ
û޲֪˶ãعʵ£

ħݷˡ
ร˿㲻ͷ᲻͡

˵Ҫ£Ҫһ档
Ҫ뿪ΪһķʱټħֻԼø㡣

˵йа֮ӵ顭ɷ飬䲻ħ¥磬ȴֲܲתħĻ
ߣа֮ӣûԼ֪Ǵξģŭ뼴ʹβԸǵýߡ롣

ǡæͷŷϵõĽڲӰûãħ˽

һͤħ漴¶Ц޴ˣһ·п˳
ߣЦ˳æ

รӰʮΪʵ
񽭺Ӱʮ֣˭ʹأ

޴˹Ǵ
޲ҪЩֻ˸ΪСδ˵յ⣿

ڣǰʱ޻ãҲ˲ˮҲ롣
ֺͤηˣ

֮ҿо벻ͤˣ˵ţͤڣЦ̨ͤ¥꣬ʺ⡣

ķ֮ҲǲףЩص㡣˵ɣΪҪӰʮֶ֣ʵ

ȻΪҪžа֮ӵĽΪȻϵĺ⡣
ߣ֣ҲֻܽħɱǱġֻĶ

Ĳ
Ұ´£תʵΪ֮ʣǰ¥ٴΰݷã

รħ¶аЦݡ뽣ɼ棬ǲ̽٣
뽣˵ʲôʵ

벻ľ뽣ӵĻ档Ϊ˵ӦԼʱעһһķӦƺǳɵΪ֮Ľˡ
ǹ棿

Ȼǡ䲻ǹ棬ϣлһ˵ʵ£
ߣǻɰ

Ǻɣ뽣ӵԵǲǳεļ棬ͦĽ
ţ

ʶŭħЦ޴˲ģ
˵ʲô






ں˵ʶȻǰ¥ݷãȴʶľٶҪΪѡһλĵˡ

Ȼأģֲ๡ֹֻԼʶʵνĳ⣬ı
Ҿܾˡ

ܾ˵õǶֻǽӸΪѡǿϧ޹
ϧһ뽣ɼԶˣʸǳ֮ҾܾΪѣʵǿϧЦ˵

һŽӣáȤ
ȤħɣЦʵͬˣǸû߻ų⣿
Դԭ떥֮ӽΪͷžУǿɺĶҪԸˣҲֻ£¥һ;

עתΪ⡣겻¥ˡ
˻⣿ħû뵽ͻû뵽˵ת䡣ǽ̫ɵ

Į
ร޷޵ľڿЦ𣿡

ЦֺЦ˵᲻ҪմȾ¡
߹룬׻Ϊе磿

߹ߣʱҪɱ
ûУΪ˲а֮а֮ӣܻˣ޻ĶаûȤ²ͻ¹ԭҰġ

֮ܶžа֮ӵĽа֮Ҳĸ̥УôֺҪʬ䲻ģ⡣
ร|ĦõϢа֮ѳ죬Ҫĸ벻ҲԴ´ǣϸĲԼӡ

᲻ϲﱻߡֻҪҪģκҲ׼οǱߣ
ǵֻƺеĽڣ֮λ޴ǣ

ҲãҲգⶼҪֻƺɱѪߣ֪ǻҺⲿλԻвʹ֮ҺΪЦӵУȡòףӦǺߣ𣿡
ħЦ޵˼Ȼϸ塣ܰ

ܣοA֮ҹԲܵõɱķ˲˭ɵı|Ħ|ĦɵİʹΪƫģ֮ɱǱȻΪ
ร֪޵鱨ȷԱһ˸ߣ˽Ѫ|ĦɵѪ棿

Цħ죬ʹԼŷɶ˻Ը񣬵ѪвֵԭҶ˵ĹУΨѪ߶¥ޡ
Ѫߺôͽһ˰ҵĶҺΪ֮

Ҫ˺£˵᲻潭¡ĽͣæƲ˵Ĺϵ
ô˵Ҳ｣ɼѪ֮ˣֹ̽

ﲻָ£ƻˣѪߺ˵ⷬ̽Լ뽣֮ĸ顣
{Ĺ¥ͦɴġа޻᲻｣ӣ֮ҲֻԼߣԼΪԭʿĶ

뿪ɣûкĹϵ
Įٴξܾħ쿴ǷŭȴɫֻҲǸýԭĿ

¥޴Ӳħ棬˭кϵ
รȰˮܸ۵ĵ

ꡣ
ø꡻ڴ£һҪ

󰮲ɷɳ׷ߣΪ֮
𣿡Ȼʹʱ¥ĹһյһյתͷӣЦúϧԼ֮ڡ

ߣϣڡټʱ½｣ӶԸ֮ʡ
Ըˡ

ħ첽ƻ𻺻¥磬ſû֮ˣֻյ΢Ĺڷҡš



ڣվٲ¡

𽣣ǽӵһĵطҹ
š뿪Ԩ𾵺ʮӲҹǲԼС

ΪֻܵȵѪ֮´ƺҲл㹲¡һνֻڷһ˵硣
һֱӭ

Цʵ˵Σֻվڸû㡣ֻҪ׺״ãұ㰲ˡ
𽣿ӵʱڡ
ӼԼƣЦңһ졣

ÿνԷ˵Ļ𽣱زش𡣡˵ʱȻӦһ¡
סȻ֪ݷã𽣱ػỶӭԼֻǷ̫УҲĲڷ𽣣һֱǷǳϧţʱˡ

𽣲ͬʡתͷʵ𽣣ԼδӰ쵽Եˣ
ţ׽ӻôʣһʲô

ʦʾ
ȻȲϣ۵֮ˣǹҵУԱ⡣ֻΪֻҪŬиı䶨Ļᡣ

ϣ𽣹Ȼ˵ĵȻûб߽ܿࡣҲ˵֧ˣ
ϣ粻顣ٴظš

𽣼죬ССĸıʲôҵĺѣҵʦ
Щ㶼ֻòá

ǰ˵ҰʱͲԼ֪ǵ˹ϵУġ
εվ߳ȷĵ·

Ƿ𽣵ĿأǺѵڴ
񲻻д󡣡ԵΣʹԺ˸Ϊأ

ʥ֮·ӱǲᡣ
ͬ飬Ҳ

ţǺΪ˼ҲֻһС𽣡֡
˵ʲô

֮䣬ЩȨרĳЩˣЩӵҸ𣿡
ҲȻ˼ңǸһ˵ϾǸˣΪķ𷨣վ֮飬ŻѡҸ

ƶģ˵Ĵ𰸡һЦ˵ӵжһ޶ġ֮᡻ҲǸˡ
ţ֮⣬˵֮䡣Ϊָ޵ĸ飬һʱҲ𲻳

𽣣أʵ
÷źߣԶ𲻾ѸеߣȴǽӶԼꡣʶ̫ˡ

ǰʶ̫ã𽣲˵ҲʲôЩǷ˵ȽϺã
Ҳ

Է𽣵겻Ա黥֮ͨĸ飬ȴ˽ǵĸˡ
ʧԼ·;ͻȻ˵
ѾԼ·ǸһЩǣҡ

ǲ˵ò²⣬Լ顣ߣԶ֪㡣
𽣱Ŀ˹ϵһֱǽάšһñ̮Ļ˳Ȼֻ˲ܿµľ

ԽӶһҹ
ţ

ڣ뿪˴ˣǷĽնϵ˿ԡ
Ҫ˽鲻𣿡

նϣӻȻܡ
˵Ҫ˫ӮֻҪģͲ䡣

ţһ
ҹˣϢ

ѵõһҹҪ
㲻ۣ

ۡ
㡣

ˣδȬҪϢ
С¡ʵҲŽӣϾѵҹޡǰδǲ֪Ǹúúϧ

ţȴҲʹڽϣŻ·󣬲һ֮
ѰæˡӵףϣԴΡ

վҡ
Ҹøл㣬Ȼлתлޡ

һᡣ
λػȻ֮ȥһ档л⣬Ҳ֮£ȻǸİ֮˵顣



¥Ļ¥ħȥ󣬶ڴ
һһ»ǻȻ֮ͤֻйµȴӵɫӰ
Ϊȴ

˱ʣڵ⣬ҹԵøǰƿߵ̨ϣңǿգ̾ӱ֯Ůǣǣţɡδöǳң

ǰܻŻȻ֮ķҲҲǺӵǷң˼ԼҲǻãտҲֻ
겢֯ŮţɣмûкΪҪ˼أ
ʱҲԼʲôôϲȴֲȥһ˰ϧ⵹ǰԤϵõġ
ǳջɵ

ǳɵǲڡ紵ҴҵͼƮ΢죬ͷһǰɫĻͬӵǻɸݷ߳ʵ
𣿡

ۣŽƮݣȻõĲģe֮ˣԼ㼱æ뻭¥ڣϵĻϣȡһأǺӻ£˵꣬貨΢Ϊ¥𣿡

ʱ佥ţһʱѾǶɺӶĽҲԼɡֻڴʱزֻʣǶˡ

ֻרʱӲŻȫȫ¥һСϦө˼Ȼµδߡʱ֪꣬ǽҹ񣿡ŴҲΪ֮˶ҹߣԼأøѾҹ
˻˵Ķʱįģıʣ̾ûϨƣӵķȥ

һҹڷڶʱ˯
Ȼμ˽Ӵӵǰ̽Լ
εĲģӯ貨Ȼ
Ȼӵ´棬йδ׵ŨҰ⡣
Ӱ˷ǵûоܾ֮⣬ӭš

___________________________________ 

粻ȾʮߡԻA ߣ

磬ӽ˫·ǰżõĶҹˡǴȵ¥ͷתػȻ֮

ʵϴúûϢû뵽ôɣԼʱԼϲ˽ӴĶҹ˻ϻȻ֮ΪѪ֮¶
šȻ֮ȴɼ뿪

ԭѪߵĶȻѵ֪ɵԭδκϢ
ǰһЩϵͽ׵Ѫ⣬ƺϲѪڽϻҲǶæŴа֮֮¡

а֮ӵĽ޷ֹ֮£ӦҸܵĵطչҲԼǵӰ
Ѫ岻֮ޡߺ˵

ףҪԸɵȵ֮Ŀǰѡ
ţһĵȴֱҵеİ취Ϊֹ׶ڴ˵֮˵ǡˡͻȻĳ£Ҳø߽ӡ

ʣʵ뵽ʲô
˫·ʱħ˫·һͷ߳ƺʮߡ

ħ죿Ϊˣ۾˫·һͷ
ţǰӰһ𣬱㣬ȴæѪǰ

նҹ˴ӻȻ֮ȥʱе·ἰħһ£ҪԼעһˡ·⸽Ǵ¥һͷ߳ٴȷţﲻΪζһέѰŵ˻⸽ֱе
Ӻܿȥ¥ޡڽ߶˽¥޵ĸƣȴ޷¡

ţҹ˸ԽӦжϴ󡣡ޡɵãü
޲ǽӵĺ𣿡š

šӵͷأһȶҹȥüһ¥СǶѡ
ôħ𣿡Ϳʼ£ħӴǺԲѰħĽӣ

ᡣӺƶش޽ѵϲԲħҰļ
ȻӶ޷ǳΣҹԸеʡħɫ¥߳Ŵ²Ѱ

ǲѰûҪħ˹֮Ϊ飬ǵ֮ѡ޵˸񡣡˵
Ǹûʲô˼Ӷ޵ĒIͻȻ

Ļɲûдҹδı棬˽ޣζᣬ⡣
ΪСΪҪ

лѡ
Žе״Ŷԡ

һᾡ˻Ȼ֮ӼǵƻǷˣòߡ
鷳ˡ

ǿͣҸ·ҲпڿʣںȲͬʱҲҪ˱飬һͬƷΣ
ðɡкҹҲپܾ

Ը£ӱڣñ˳ߡĶ£Ȼ֮ܿƮɢŲǶҹ˵һκȽݵݱֺĸоĲղ
ˡݲļΪͣһʱ裬ǽӷСõĻǱ¾ˡ

ϧסĵط̫ңԶұػ᳣ݷ㡣
Ѫ֮ƽԸ֮ԭǻȻ֮ǻӭס

ӵĻжʹεĺãԶ᲻뿪а޻ĺ֮ԭ޷뿪ǵطڱӵĳ֮Ҫȥһ
š΢Цͷҹ˵ĳݣͬʱҲ뵽ޡһԼˣ֪¥εĹӣĳ֪Ϊеᡣ

֮ᷢ飬
šֻǽ֮ᷢأҪܳе

ŵʱ̵ȥ֮ˣһ޷ߵĿ֪࣬ǷҲң
֪Ҳʱʱ㡣

ͻȻе죬ӵĻشʵڲӦö޵˵Щ鰮֮¡ǸҲ˵Щ
޷޷ûκβ̸Ҳûʲô֮ɣο֮ҹ˶޵İв졣л̸̸£Ҳ԰ʱ滺еơ

ͷ˵Ѿˡڲ׳Ķҹ˶ԣ̸Լ֮˵飬㹻ˡ
ҹҪд𣿡ӣӲ̽¶⣬ʹ˿ޣҲǰλįˡ

⡭ʱƻ裬ҹÿ죬һ̲Ȼ֮ӦһƬڡϻҹãӦлţ˴ʵڲ֪ξܾ
ڶҹԥ֮ʣһέĺ𡣡Ӱ

ղŷ֮ˣִҴҪ·ŻɻһέϢδƽҹһԣ뿪ڣӱΪ˽ܡڱ˴˺Ѻ󣬽Ӳʵ˻ţˣ

ݿɿϢ֪ɽҪа֮ճǣʱAǡǴǰȥа֮ӣͬʱԵҲǰȥ֪ͨˡ
ţ岢δȬϣܶϢգ֪Ϣػܲǰ
һԵĶҹ˶һέĻҪ롣

ţ̲ݻ߰ɣȻɵʱҲشϾǲ֮𽣴˿Ƿǳ
ػ֮·֮ΪҪ޷ȥޣڽµ谭ҲֻܸеΡ



ҹĻʹ¥繬˿̽ѻصȻ֮ǰAһ¡ޱΪĽӻ¥磬û뵽ѡصȻ֮

Ϊ޷ΪҪΪ黥ͨ˽¥һĵȴӰ
Ҫǰȥһ̽ħǰȺͽӼһ棬ͽ֮Ĺϵ짣Ϊᱸ
һԵĬæ޵ķȡɷҪ뽣ӻ棬ϲΰ˴ǰȥСģ֪ǷҪƮ棿
áϲ˸ԣڱǾܾǹֵҪǰæԭԿѪ塣

šɷͷʱĬȡޱϽ󣬱뿪¥硣



ӴҴҸϵA⣬ֳ
˲ŷ֣ٴμ棬øеˣȴΪ֮¶ʮֵ״ɻ𽣡
֪Լ״ڸǵа֮⡣΢Ŀ⣬רעŨ֮ԶҲҲAӦþ

˰ġ
ɫֻʣһȻ֮Ѷæõġ

ܲģռв֮ƣ书θǿȡ˲ֻʹվټǰηѳԹɵĿܲΪ
š΢ЦӵĹػ޷ܾᡣ

ʱҹŨ˲ɢڳſͬʱһ漴ʻʱ˼ʧһӵϡ
УͻΧAǣ׷һʱĴѪΣ˲ɼа֮Ӷ|Ħ

мˣһέ˻˵ʱͻȻ䣬պ˴أɧ
Ѫ֮סӵ״а֮ӷǽŬܸı䣬ȴܲػŷ𽣡

ʱշһӰԷϮ֮ˣҲױѪ֮ɡһɣ𽣣α|ĦڶѪ߽ţһʱ԰ѡ
Ѫ֮࣬ԭʿϣصҹ㳲ۼֻԷһˣӷһɨλѪߣųɳֱ|Ħ|Ħˡӽλס𽣣һӵĽ룬ٷ漴Թųӭսʱͬһս֡
|Ħһֻ뵥ӣΪ÷Ҳİ֮ʱʹӲ⣬ֻרעǣɡ˫ѷ֮ʣһΰӰͻȻսȦˣ֪˷ߣѸٷʮԶὣǰʦʦ˺󷨽סֹǰ

ӰڽǰӶڿеĺߣڶεĶţӲ
ޡӲŐZڴ˵س֣תΪϲôҲûϵǵ¡ʹ棬ķÿ¹ʣ谭¥磬ȴ˻ǵԲս

ѡ΢Ŀϣһҹ˼֮ˣķӿǧ´ȴݲ˵ʲôֻѡ
֮ʱӰٿǲ죬Ȼһ΢Цͼ͵ϮԼѪѪĽ

ӵһμʶ޵ĹѽȴԹţӲɵ˵㰡
һŶղĽлϲ֮޷ڲأĻȣЦѲɷģ

รڴ˽֮ʣ޵ĳֶȷʵǷģǲ΢Цһ|Ħұ߹һƣȴҲ|ĦɵԶԶ֮лĹġ

ǵȻδϣʹа޼״Խ֮ͬʱͻȻ֧ƿն|ĦϵĽӡӷһӣǿ֧ɨͬķ
ţӰʮ֣û뵽ʱԭͽ֣Ӹеȡת֮ʣųҲķɱȥֻһҽС
ɶԴ޷ħĳ֣壬Ҫֹ뽣ӵĽӴȴɵʵ̫ǿ޷Ը

һԵĶһέʧæǰѪߣǰȥץסӰʮ֣˻δ㷢йԼΣ֮ʣӲ˶ԷһơδƳǿ⣬дɲʶһέмܣʮԶ
ֹ󣬶һέҪǰȴֻͷڣҪ³ᵽŨҵѪζʱסһűǿ졣
˵ʶǶһέ벻ϻضʱԵĶԷָһ㡣ħаһЦٻӼΣѸٰ|Ħڶһέǰӭ

Ӱʮ֣ʾħ죬ŻȻǸ¥ȴöķߣԭǶһέѰ֮ˡԭħ졭
ʵ̫⣬һֱûʶһέħĳ࣬Ż󷽷ǰζ֪

üˣ˵Ľɼɻ֪ʲôװĽЦݡ±ħ죬û뵽֮ҵ֡
ԭͽ˭˲ţڷԼˡڽɼϣ˰˼ˡ

Ĳ⣿ķɿĳ˹ϣأ
ָĳӦޣ޲˵άĻʡǽҶˣ

ǣȫǡ˵ɲ꣬˲ɡ
ղ£ɼϲ¡ȻܶжȷЩϣ˵

ħͻȻЦȻ˵룬ҲĿġ
ЮԹѪҹ

ЮԹЮ˭ԹأǶֻŴΰݷòǸˣ
˵ʲôħûֱӵĶԹԼгޣӦΪͣԭҶ֮սʹʧȥ̵֮ơⲻֻ˶з֡ټԼȥ뵽Ҳڳ¥йأѵΪŴξܾĹϵ

ڽ֮ʱЦ쳾Ҳѷħĳ֣һ䡺޿⡻֮󣬺쳾йħ졣
ս䣬ħ챾ý飬ȴЦ쳾ĽóѣһתҲðЦ쳾Ǹõķ

֪Ժ⣬ȽAǿв㲻Ц쳾֮䡣ټʦ˲սʵжϲ֮ݡһԶΪټԽսԽӽԶ֣ľ׷˹ȥ

һжľ棬ֱضԶսAǵʱͻȻ𶯣뽣˳|˲սݣǿˣεֻ´Aǡ
ķ𽣷˵ʦʦ׷϶A֮ǰAѹϳšӡĻš

Ѹٵģٶ֣գ۵˲䣬Ũֻܼǰ˫֮ͬʱ䣬ѸɫƽĹâٴҫأڵѪҲȫƾʧһһ㡣


뽣Aڵɶˣûټսȥǲ֮ܵشδȬ|Ħ˵£Թסǵǰ

ร뻢𣿡ڱߵӼһƬƬָֺߵǽ˽Ҫ뿪˵ص÷˼ˡ
н䣬ƲӦAǵĵײ㣬˵|ĦӦ϶ȥԹ;Ӧֹֻߵļ׷ɱֻϻʱûԹڣҲA·Լʹ˴˵أҵǣһ¡
ôòĵطˣһԹѰAǵĵţŲȵҵ޲С
ֻҵޣܰ뿪


һޣŲţĲԹֻסǣҲܲκεͻϮ
·СҲļѰҽӵӰʵղŵٻصԼߣһͬԸ|ʱʮָж

Լһ̵ʱ䣬ԹĳǽͻȻ˱仯һƬƬǽʼƶű䶯ǽรԭںĻԹ
ԣΪϲûоСҵ꣬һͬ߳ˡ


ǽı仯ӲЦʦʦĽӦҲԽˡ
ڼƬǽУһűߵʹе˲ߡĵ룬ΪǵϻѡϾ󷨵ʦӵдѪͳѪߣٱбϰԣԼԴء

˳ǽı仯ߣûãǽֹͣһµԹϸղ߹·ǽı仯߳Թ£Ҫһʱ䡣


Թж󣿺ŽӣҡӣԹÿһ̱仯һƲ⣬Ӧѱһʱ
ǽٱ䣬޲˳ǽ仯ߣƶǽνʱһıĻһֱڰźõߵ϶Ｘ쵹νʧ뽣ӶĻᡣ


ߵһأЩǽһ
Ȼһ죬ϸ֮£ɫԵýϵЩһûǽС
ǽ
һ֪ǽӱǰһ˴ǽ

ǽһߣǰǽɫΪл֮ʱҲӯĽŲ𡣡ţϰĲö룬֪ǳȻ֮Сޡ


תǴһӵĽæѰ֮죬ɵ֪ꡭ

Ȼ㡣ڴһʱҵ
𣿡֪ͬڴ˵صػѰԼȴڼʱ˹̽ʣҲֻΪҪ׿˵ԼõֱӵĸоԲôšӡ
ڻ֮ʱҲӲ˲ǽһɱԼϮϡ

ղ˶ʱýţڴ˻谵֮ȴԼеЩڡ㣬ҪˣЦ˵״ƽʵΪĵ
ҵõɣ

ǰֻҵǳ̲ġѡ
ԣЦڴʱ鿪ЦȻá˵жòˣתʵ

һʱǰǲŲս޸ղżʱʵ⡣һʱˡ
Ǻþһʱˡˡþá֣ⲻ㳤ӿĥ

סһѰܲף
𣿡׵ĻΪλԭֱ¥ԼӦ֪Լ֮£ҲӦ˽Լжôټһ档

ʱ˵Ͳκ塣ƣǰĹգ۰ֺԻΪ⼸յ˼೤˵ģǾʱ䳤̵Ҫأ״ȴֲò̾Լʧȥԭеڡ
ǰǲκʱɷˡҲ˵ʵȴҲ˸е顣ʵĴ𰸣ҹ貨εҹμꡭǰڻȻ֮ĻôҹҲǸеźΡ

˵ţ޳䲻ذָؿϣӾ㵣вѯʣЦҪĮǷģУǷ糣˰ţ
㡭𶯿ƭؿϵ֣ӲԻ

รʵʵ˵΢ƽеɶȷʵи˶֮ɡҹŷ֣ԭڽɼ侲޲ı£״Զ޷ķӦ
ץס󣬹򶨵һԹ

ǸԹˡı䲻ᣬǻ˼콫ԼƷˣڽϦѵõĶȴװںԹˡ
Թδ䣬Ѹоȫ͸ݶͬҹķһ㡣£ֻǰֱӴů⣬оϻزͬô֮صʼеȡ

ҹĻﰡὣӵʻסӣԼľ
һգ޷پܾ޵׽Լ䲻ͣĥ䡣ֻҹԼΡȴҲ˿ڣֻ𣿡

˵أֻãССӵɱȵϣ
᲻ϲղ¡
һֱհ˲²š
ǳ˵գ˲仯û֪һֽΣƮδӵľһ㣬ΪԼԶʲô

𣿡ֻǶԸЩϲ¶뷨ˡ
Ȼǡһֱ²ģǽյĸı䣬ʵȷԼĸ顣Σ

Ҫ¶ĺܡ˫ۣǺ˵УԼǸħ¡
รҪ˵֮£ϵýӻѯʵ֮һԶ˴¡

šӵӦ
ӡ޵뿪˽ӵľ䣬šҧеĲʱ뷨жิӣ

˵˲ס棬صʱǷǳ𺳡
ǰǵ˵ˣףǱϾǲͬĸ壬Լʱĸдһҧǵù֮ʼȴҲǲΪ˲䡣

رᵽ˵㣬Ѫˡ
İԶһ𣬲޵󣿡˵ͬʱָڽӵᴥš˴ҧµġ

ڷȵգ΢ָһýӸеȫë𣬷ŵȸжʱڡźȴȻ֮
ǰˣȴ֪Ϊκһ顣ͷһͣĴľ˱˽ӵļҲȼ

˺֮ˣӱۣԶΪ
Ҳ֮ˣ϶ףػԱˡȻΪ˺ףȴǸһĶǲ˵ƶֻܵĿĸʮơ֮ˣ

ֻΪİˡϸ˵ףʹεԲһԵס
ջϲһΪ϶סΪߵ꣬׳Ϊ׵ʲô𣿡

˵δ˵뷨ԵģԸ޵⡣
Ҳǲӱܣϻ˵ѪѪܵĿʲô֮˵ף
˺׵ʹõѡ񣬾޸е뺦¡ԼһѪߣڴ˿̵ͬѡ
ǣȣ˹֮ѪôԷԶΪԼУ˲ɷֵͬ塣

ΪѪߣ΢˫ۣǰǽϡ
𽣵ΪѪ֮ң̳ΪĵأѽҲѪ壬ǲŲǵˣ˺Լ֮ˣ

ԭ㲻
ѪܵȴÿѪӸ޷õ뽣ӵɾ᲻СĳΪѪߣ꽫ζԴأ

š΢޵Ĳϵʵʼȫʱҵ꽫Ŀ顣
ɱ𣿡ͣǣȴĴ𰸡

ųն˽޵ͣܶԽΪƽϢ
ǰɱԼأӻԼ֮ֻҲ뵽֪Լ£ĹųǷҲն˽أһҧ˽ӵľӡ

еʹĽӣüĲ𡣡㡭
޲ķӦҧ˽Ӻҧ۵ļĿ΢ڴ뽣ӵš
ڳͷҲðģӲ˫־ץסֱۣȻȴûаƿ˼
ûѪߵὫֻͬĳλһ㡺ˡˣ

ǲõıͬѪߣָζԱ˽á桻͵Ϯˣͬ𣿡š
ϻصһέ˵ʱȷʵֶռ˽ӵϲáȻӵĲܾʹͼôߣַļձ߶£š

ٴ΢ӣָҲƲأȴھԼķӦʱ֡ޡ㲻ӱޣ˿ԲʱҴ˵ظʵȥᷢˣ
ӵķӦͻȻȻԭ֮𡣡ҹ֮ΡЦš
ҹûоܾҹĻӦԼҹһԼڲšȥҲ᲻ٹ˼ɳص񣬱뽣ӳ

ҹ֮Σղûлش⣬v˻
꼻޺˳ʱ֮Ľϣɵɵȴǳٵ

ֻΪ꼻ֻҹ֮Ρ뿪˵Σٺȥ롣
ӣеˡٴβֵؿڣḧ˺΢ѩ׵½󣬻ʵ뿪˵غأ
뿪˵غڶ½ˣǺβԶڴ˵ͼ˵Ŀң

ħ֣زԭʿἰڵΣȴԼ
һħ֣漴ɫ˽Ӷ֮Խ˼ȴδ֮ĹϵղŻս֮ʣ˶ԻǼ˱ػԽ˵ʲô

μ棬Ҿ֪ħ졭ûش
ҲϤֻ˵ǸˡǶ죬¥Ļʹ·ϼ棬Ҳὣһ֪ħ졣

ģȥݷ㣬ͼ
Ӵ֮ˣǧ֮⡣

޵ĸԣǻὫ˷ûҲѲҪԭ򡣡֪ύѡ
ˣֵʲô

ɷƺǳġ
˵ˣ

šħͼ޸˵ĸоа֣ҲħҪԭ
𣿡Цһ򲻰Լ£Ȼһĵı֣ȴǸԸˡ

汻ˣҲʡ鷳˵ȴ̸֮ӱ˳Ļش
Ҫˣټꡣ

˵˻ͬʱԹ仯ǽʼƶӽ߳̸ħˡ
᲻뿪ԻõĵطģǽѽʱԻŽӲšΣֻ

ҲһĿǵľٶ
ʲôͬʲôµģ¶ǶҲϡ棬|ĦռôǿɱҹҹѰˡ|ĦĹϵ˴󵨵ĹʱǳĽĽģ

ЦҪҲҪһ޶ȡԹţǼ뿪
ǿЦˣ˵߸ŽӵĽŲߡӣ˵˿꾱ϵۣ˵𣿡

ֻ˵ֱ͵ϮˡĮشﲻز֪Լ˶ĺۼ÷Ƽˣ治֪Ҫνͣ
Ǵǣ͵Ϯѹǽڣɻ֮ʣЦ꣬ⲻ͵Ϯ󰮡

˵ţĴĿǰӵȥ˵һʰǱͷޡ
ڴʱ֮ǽͻȻʧƾǽ㵹޼æסţ
ǰ仯֮ʱеĸǽ͸ʵ塣ͬʱ䣬۵Ĺ룬˲գۣԭҹɵԻAǡ

죿
ΪAŹһʱû뵽ͷУԭʱպԼʱղȫͬ

ɿ˫֣뽣ͬʱܡģǰһӰ֣Ǳˣһλֿѣ𽣷˵

û뵽һֱͷڵԼƽ
𽣡ӽе

ԻõAǣԭʼĿİȼա
˵غȴΪղųеԼеΡ





粻Ⱦʮˡ ߣ

𽣷˵һȷƽ󣬱Ƕ˰ݱ𡣽Ӳ̸˵ٸϻزңԼĶеʮֵΣǼҪԼػȻ֮

ҲղһĻһ˵ζͣȴֻΪԼAڵΡ
Լ޵ΪҲȥ²Ƿ񿴵ʲôںԼôһѪ߶Կĺѡ

޶Խ𽣻ػȻ֮ûбʾһ˼𽣱ƼղһĻʱһ˿˿ʤϲ𡣰һֱ÷׽Уȴл޷ǰ͸¶

ҲͬȻ֮ŽӣǷһҲνֹǵҹһսԼħĳҲ˽֮ġھ࿼֮ѡ񷵻¥硣

·ƽ̸Ѫ֮£ֻĬһʼкԼ𽣶ǰΰæĸл⣬˼ûжĽ̸ֱ˫·ڵķֵ޲ŲĿͽǶ뿪
飬ˣȻҲ



ú޻ص¥磬Ĭ짼ɷվſţһ˻ϲӭӡ

ˡɷĬ
šƮƽ

µֻˣǶѻظĬæشȻֻ¥ˣȴǹΪ֮Ҫ޼Ϊε
ܺá˵߽¥磬Ĭ짶˽ں󡣰Ĭſڸֻԭ򣬲ʹ롣ħϢ𣿡һ֮¡

ûС
šûϢȻӶԼʮΣǽһǲɒ{ʵʹԼгΪԼ𣬵ûеĽˣ·ֻ䣬СĽС짣ҪƮȫע˵١
ǡĬ짵ͷ

ɷһᵽħ֣ëֻ˸еĪ־塣ˡ
겻õģԼ
Aἰɷ뷨ΪʮġȻ㲻ħӴΪԽ֮ҪвŲòʱá

šԴ˱еΪģǶħϵĻǲֻɷ棬ҹ뽣ȥˣ
ƮϢָǵǺͽһͬڻսʧȻ˵ʵ˿ɵУԷΪ֮ǰǶشΪǵİΣеǡ

һõط޵Цţ뽣Ӷʱϲã˷ˡ

õط˼ҹ׷ѪȥˣΪλǵõطǼѵõЦʱ˲䣬ֶõطźܴڴ
Ǻõطһ˲ڲĵĺõطԼϣݵӪоʹӲڲ⡣

⡭Խ˵ɷԽףҲϲĵطֻ¥Ȼ֮⣬ǹˡڻô˵Ӧǵطϲǵطϲ
ͤ£ǳҹδߣȴҲԵþȡĽѵõᰡ
֪ǵطԽӿ䵭ĹϵҹûӦȴҲĹ˳Įֹ˵ĽɼԣܾĻӦ

ţɷﲻ⣬䲻֮ȴҲˡţѵ˻е˼ָεļԼ⣬ҲõԼҪĻӦˣ

ŻƳγεϦգûм̻شɷʡǴνǰ̽ʱ˱վԡ׵ƮʱΪ͸⣬ƻõǽɫâӭһ㡣ʱѭŹâȥôػᾡȫס䣬ǿԡ

ǴεԴĲΪһزûмԼΪв뽭һ˵ĳζ

޷ì벻ж຦»ʧȥʹǳԼоռзǳҪķվΨһվԼǰ㡣ŲΪԼҪ

ֱԼǰʵһ̣ž뽭ԭΪ˷𽣷˵УȻǷ˵Լ·

ǸԶҲʤߣǸ뽣ӽĵķ𽣣ǽ㾡һػ֮ˡҲһ֪˴ʱ׵ʵ

ȻʱԼǸûķߣӸ֮ˣֹ֮ϵ⣬ȴܲ⽣ӶļΪء

Լ̫԰ŻŬνĺѹϵ䣬ֻΪеĵڶȷʤ˷𽣺ֻаܷΪеһҪĳ롣

ǰġͻȻڵʮƶAûп˵ԼǰصӵεǡǰԼĸжϣܾԼӣѴԼ֮ر𡣰İʾ޷ģЩİ飬ʵӦһһεʴ

ԣɷ￪Ц漴Ϊ˽ôֱӶͷѾˣղĬ짵Ŀ϶͵͵ˣû뵽ձ˿õ𰸣뿴ʱ顣
ЦûлشȴáɷΪᱸڻ¥Ҫڻ¥ﵯ١

һҹҪƣɷϲõЦݡԴӹ뽣ӻ߸˵ǸΪе˳֮㲻ڻ¥Ƹ١ǶԻͼ㷢ƵļįӰΪеǲѡҪɷΪ¾𣿡

ޱһ˶ڻ¥ȴܾ̾Լ˹ػɷĬ짵ģһֱΪͣҲѹԼԼļˡ

ɵãСʱһϻ¥Ի¥ͼеȤʱģʲô֪ǣԼΪҪŽӣʵϼį¥ǳҪһԼסҲһֱǿ󲻵֮¡ֻЦŻشǣΪԼϲôһλѣֻ֪ԼԽʮֵ⡣

ʲôǺʱԼԽӵĸģǵáӦԼҹദʱ֪ģǾ֪Լе¡
Ǽˣ͸һͬ˴ԼǸ֮ԲŹʱʱԼðѸ֮ϡ
ʱһһͬϻ¥ɣ

ͨɷڻ¥ԴĬ짲ɻؿޡʲôЦ짣ҹһʱ뿪ְأûйϵ
⣬ĬÿնſڴʱŻطϢʱҹɷȥ󲿷ֵʱ䣬һ˶šʱɨ⣬ڵϢоҲΪѧϰѸٳΪõĲ
ǡֻнܣʾҲʵֻ˵



𽣻صȻ֮ϦȾ԰
˫·޷ֿ˸˼ţûжｻǰһĻʱڿˡ
ϼδɫȻϦ͡ѣмǵõ˵ʱҲ˵ľ𣿡
꣬һãȻ֮شƫƧһŵ

ǵá𽣱Ŀңʵȥ£Ǵ˿ĿҲӵἰٴ֡ڴͤµᡣ
ƽһύˣƽһΰݷס䲻ȥ䣬ȴԶ޷֮¡



ˡ
ͤµȻ糣ڼʱ¶һ{ӵЦݡ
Ǹˡ

طң˵֪һسŵֻ·ϳʲô״
طң˫·ʱѡ˴ķ򣬽һߵľءԭ·飬ټ·ŻԤʱЩ
ܣ˴뷽ͬһȴʮĵŷ飬ĲȾһסڴˣš

ֻס˦˷

ԣΧȻӣڽɫϦҫ£칬磬˵˼亱ɾֻ֮ضΪ޵ӵУ伸ֻѧϰһ˶סڴˣʵڸеơ

һסڴ˵ػ᲻į𣿡֪𽣵ɻȴⶺġ
ҡͷ˵޵˲į

ĻЦǲį˵ںΪһ޹Ұ˲ʶζԽܶסڴˡ
ȻŲͬɼȷʵǸ޵ˣһԼߡšûж˵ֻǵͷ

ѵ뿪Ԩ𾵣ڴסϼ졣ôϦδȴ㵽һɾ
ţﲻͬɾˣһɾ

ɣϲ֮Ҳһϲŵ
΢㶣뽣˵⻰ԶԼ˽˫۲ע

÷ӻ졣ЦţǷһȻ֮ЦݾͲϹ
𽣱Ŀô󣬵ĿǰΪֹҲֻнӻԼ˵Ļ


ڷ𽣵һȻ֮ʱӱɽ֮ۡ;𽣷ٲû˵ȴΪϲպ뿪ԨʱλٲԵĲҡ


ţʱԤʱЩһᵽֻʱˡ
ӵ𽣴ӹļأ񣬷𽣻صֻҪģԼ¡
ҲǵǴεԼʱЦݣԼһᵽǹԼ
ʵ֮£ǷֹıǶࡣǱϾǶˣԼĸ飬Ȼľ޷Ƿ֡ࡻԴڡ

Ӳͤȡ¹ͷĵڴˣΪƣ˱뻻ͷֻһڣвд棬ȻͿݵƾʱ˵صȴԼϸǵ޹⽫࿪ΪԼ֪¡

Ŀ˼֮ȡᣬƺѷǰǰף޷ѭĻֻòͷСֻǣͷõ𣿾£ƺǸ߹Լ
ţֻҪģ缺Ը˵ţѵƹȥ΢ЦϦա
ʲôǰѵüı飬Ƶˡ

ûʲôֻҲ룬а֮Ǹδû𽣣ʵϳ֮˽⣬Լͷ𽣼ĳŵԼøΣǡ

Ὣ̷칬һˣа֮ӽ֮

ס̷칬Խסаôʱа֮Ҫȡص̷칬а֮ӵĳɣһʱգ⼸ڻȻ֮
ţȻĿǰԼΪãľסô޻

ö룬ʲô£סǿӦˣпͻȥ֪ԼΪǰ谭ȴôΪڵޣ
ûлشֻǵĸܽ룬ȴŽ

緢ֽ޵ļΪҿάֵĹϵ޷ʹõ㡣һֱǽӲԸ˵飬յΣܲԼ֪˵Ҳ㵣ԭ򡣡

ԭʥ֮·ٻޣҹľñط꣬ҲʹԼ¶Լ޵ĸ顣

ӵĲԼҡΪڵǷ𽣵ͬʱļҹ˵ħ֮²ŵˣȻԵǣҹսħǷʹԼ¼е˼ȫϣԲŻҹܶ

ⲻܴķΧܴúáֻоԵΣǸλκ˵Ľ֧֡
һֱǳҡ
ʶûжԼйκβΣԼеʮֵοڡ֮䣬һ׷ʱСķԼĶй¶˼ӭܣԼգҲԼ룬Ҳйζ

Ҳ𽣰㣬ֻΪԼֵǰСȴ˲·ڲܵ˳֮£ʶύС

˫·ϣǻȻ𽣵Ĳɱ룻¥·˫˫޵ࡣ

ңԭԣԼǸʱĵˣ˫·ԼΪѡ
Ϧյ΢Ц˼Щʱסˡ

Ϊ֮£ܰʲô𣿡Ȼ룬ҲӿڵĻܰʲô
£ʥ֮·

޷ܾȻҪߵһ֮·ʹйأȴȫ𽣶С޷ܾ㣬֮·ǽ񡣡
أĶͣȴҲҹĽӶԺΡ

Ϊô˵֮·˳Ҳ񡣡
𽣵Σò㾡ȫеɾԲǲкڵء

ϦսʧȡǴԶҹĻӳһӣǰɫĵĺҹ֣ȴѪߵİ١Ȼƽȣݵıˣվûߡھյı£ҲͼôϢʱ躹ޡѣδ۵㣬ӽҹǵʼרֱǳǰ
šȻľҲ뻤ȫ᲻ǿ㡣

ǲǿͬУǲǿޣ
ԣ΢ЦʵҪа֮ԼԼΣۼǿˣǲ벻ؽ

ѣЦֻҽǰ𣿡ǰЦʹ֮ǰǲɫ
Ҳ˵˻ҵ⣬һΪﶯ֮ˡ

ԣ΢û˵һ˽鶯ҲϲŭڱȷʵֻǰΡ鷳չˡ
ֻôشӡ



¥֮¥ϣ޵Ű٣Ĭɷࡣ
һ׽һ׵ӣϲõ顣ָͣĶʱɷϾƱҹƣ

ǰ֮¥̨뻨ǰƣһֱ
нڵĻ´罫ٵжȡ˵šǰʹûн飬Ҳһ˶ڴ֡Ȼٻ򲻵įȴһڴ˵ػ˼ҹȴ޷֮˵ٻӰʱù¼š

ɷ˵¡´ѵõ£˼飿õµľơĽһֱ꼰мӡȻ¾ƵļûԼĴ죬ȴҲýԼĳޡ
ɷϲЦ̸ǣɷΪʱܺϲٵľơ

š磬֮ʣζ˾ůǻǵõǳ¥ʱҲ𣿡
ǵáǵʱΪǺͬס¥ˡʱҺ짶ΪҲˡ

Ц뽣֮޷ﵽǳܵĵزȴҲ˵һ۱оϽ롣Щˣֻ̾µĲͣѽΪ꣬ϦĺɳϣⲻֻӵһΪ˵ĸ̾
ǿ뽣Ӳ

˵һ˥ܣ޷֮¡ҡͷ˵
һȥһǲ̸˵֣ǵİǷ޲еɡ
ˣȴɸֵķӳഺ

ûΪѪ߱һ;ʵ˼ֻΪѪū_Ϊ
֮ԣɷе졣ѪߣµĴ鱨Լħۼ⣬ԼĿǲΪ֮ɷ

δ֮ǰ֪£ҲѪߵԡ
ʱΪǿԶ˥ܵߡԴ˽Ӻ𽥵ظı䣬ѲΪʲôǿߣֻԼҪ
ֻǳΪףԸȴϼѡǴڹ뽣Ӷʫ䡣ӣˮС

ɷǵǴԹĹƻһͼͷ˴ʫôһԾ䣬ӦǽӦˡɴʫ˽󣬶ǲȾȴҲһһ̤쳾
ʊٲճϦɲΪ㣬Ҳ˵һֵķΪѪߣĵ㡣

˵ЦϾֻǷ죬޷ȵľ硣ʵϣҪֻھϵõ㼴ɣǾôֻòֶǿˡ˵ǵǵؼãǵֻõԼ˻ɶأ֪ɹ
Ϊ֮һǳΪԼìܲȻҲһˡ

ƽѡǰߣˣ󡣡
ǰ߷֮ԣ֮ԭò˹ᣬȴΪ˶豹棬ϧѹԼֻΪ

ҲίˣɷΪӦ޻ڣ𣿡
ֻҪأʲôúڵģ
ûȻҲյʱǷ᲻ܸܵãϾϰ߰׷Ժ׷Ϊô

һĮ飬ΨԽӲ˳տ֮ģԼԽӵİ˰֣ԶôŽӡֻҲ֪ԼֻҪõˣȤȱȱˣɻԼҪ׷ʱĿ֣õʱ㣿
ǧ꣬ԼΣĺ֡ףӣ̾˴˾䡣

ǺȻ֮£ĳĺ룬Ҳ˵밮֮֮¡뵽ˣɷһЦ޷˵

Ц⣿޲Ц⡣
ûʲôֻ֮ܺ㾡һ֣֮ôǶݣȴҲʵˡ

뷨ֻȻľ棬ϲѽĵķɷԼҪĵʲôԭ¥֮㲻ôįߡ
ɷЦƣʵˣ˵ʱҪܺΪνûи¥磬ԼҹڻȻ֮ҹ

ҹŷ𽣡Ȼ⣬ҹŷҲãǸöġ
ᵽˣҲȻAǵԹôӻ᲻ԼԼһĲࣿǷûг֣ǽԼ¥绹ֱӻĻȻ֮˶ҹѳֲ˸ʱٲף˵£˳ԼԸ

ʹˣӵ˽ָ֮һػ𽣵ϣԼϣҲֻԼ

Ҳ뷨˽ڰĸʥĸ˽ˣʥ˽֮ˣӽľ磬ⷲõ

ɷһ㶣ýŷ𽣣ѵ᲻굱֪һͬǰŵʱôѹҹķӦȴƽΪҹ£ղô𽣵Ķǣôǡ뵽ˣԥԼǷʡ
Խˣ
ɷǲʼҹ֮£Ը˵ĻԻῪڣֻʵ
뿪Ȼ֮ǰὫȥܵõӺԼ뷨Ƿǵõɡ

ֻǲ֪ǰΣأôܻЩʱգᣬҲܿ᷵زҡҲþòˡ룬Ĭ짾ס˵غ󣬼ټ¥硣

ϲ⻪ĵط÷ͣ½Ųֻнӣסӵȴֻһˡ޷ֻҪӳɡ޵ıԵĮ
뷨Ȼ˵۹¥磬ֻҪԼĵ̣ϣֻнһšɷӦûж˵

ĮڻȻ֮ǿգҲӴ˼Ҳͤţ˵ɷҹῴ׷ʱп˵ǷǳĸˡʱΪڷߣû뵽ڰħ֮󣬻ԼİΣ׷
Խ

Լȴδ֮ˡɷǸû޵ˡA㯵񣬲Įıεˡ

˾Ʊٵң޽ҹĻҲֻΪֹϾͽӼ˽£֪ϻ۵ɷҲĬ짾վԡ



Ȼ֮ڣӻط׼ϢȡͷʱǼ޵һ㡣

󣬽ŲѲӯ
ҹʱס޶ҵĵĻôҲ˵ĹϵȾʹ˴סݻĽչ֮ǣҵԼȥķǰ
ֻҹԼԼԼĶĽӣƺҲǵˡ

ߵͭǰϸԼ߾ϵĺۼͬǰأ޿ˡ鰮е˶ô𣿡
ԻǼʱ˲˵ȻӦ˵ԣΪ޵˵йľ顣

ϵǺۣ¸ޣȻͻתΪɫ𽣽ոѿû˵ʲôôԼҲҪٶͣһ㡣

֣޵СԣСĵά˺ѵĹϵǵŷɾ䣬ñ˴˵Ĺϵɲٵ

ʵĸı䣬ǽǼҲĽˣȴֲòʱӣǶԻǵĹ˼⣬ҲΪԼԭʹߵ·

޷ܾʶ޷˳³ΪҪ֮ˡ
ڶͷżҲԶҲҲԼֻһ֮ˣ˳Ϊ֮£Ѱʵĸıʱ

޵Ĳɸı䣬Լ֮˿޷նϵ£ǹã޵ҲޡٲʵĻӦĿζԼܿƵˡ

ҹ룿
Լһô𣿻ΪǸþʹ˽һ

ҵʧ
Ҳһ˵ӽʼ𽣶У֮£Ѫ֮¹Իܽĸԣŵȴ֮ˣҲԼ뿪ͬУԼ֮ĸ飬ӰԼΪʥߵĻ

Ҳܲģܰģ
޲Ӱ죬һֱǴڷĵ״̬ټȥܻʧȥҪ֪ѡѪߵûг׽ҲԲκܹƽ״𽣵Ҫҵĸȵġ

֮䣬˵Ҳֻ˽飬ǲڴСǷ𽣲ͬϵ°ΣΣͬʱҲԼ죬Լһꡣ

ףûʶ֮ǰɼֻз𽣷˵ôһ𣿡ǹ鰮ֻ֪ϧźǣҲһֱ֮޷ľ硣ŰȾĸ飬վǻڡ

鲻ܲ棬ѡΪҲ޷İ顣
޵ĶռͼĻ᲻ˣֻΪôҲ޷˳ˡ˵ףҲֻһѡ

ӷͷߵߡԼֻ޷ﵽԼ룬ǰķᴫ̾Ϣ
ֻѪ֮ǵв˳ӶԲԲ˵

ɣѡ



¥֮⣬һֱͦվšĿתעӵƻͨĸߴúЦ

˺뽣֮Ĺϵ
ɸܵ¥޵ã鱨жϣ˵ͻȻʧʵ̫롣

úʣ²Ŀְɣ

Цţ¥硣
¥֮ڣɣɡ

_______________________________

粻Ⱦʮšɽ ߣ

գϿʼҥı޻֮¡
⻯еĶԹ¼˵ŴϢ䲻ʾκȴǼԡ
Ҳǽзɱ¾²޶ǲŻ˵ľȴʧҪԱ

޻̸֮
һέǰ֪Ϣʱб֮ʣһ˶ͤ⡣Զһέ˵֮²ţҲеֻҲ˼أ϶Ļش

ѰҲǲţڽв̸¡ŴϢʱҲǲţϸȥֶֺ޸еɡԼǺ̬ú޽ǳĽ֪²ɡ

Ц漴˵޹ΪףƷ߽࣬ϲմȾ£д֮£
Ҳ˸оаԼƷҪΪദѷǸ֮ˡټԼ㸴ӵĽҲ΢ԣۏ˻ˮӲ֮¡

ϲմȾ£ֺӵô£

һέͶ޸е棬ȻǰеԲ¼ɡӲģҲһֱڽϱ֮˼̻ģǿԲŻ¡
ԽύǱ㳣̸֮вͬҲڿͷۣ˴ȴҲر˴ڡ

ǽ뿪¹ʥ֮󣬱·ϣǲʵ
ʱҶ˵ǷΪΪ·书ʽΪУԽʿչһıɱжû˸Ϊ˵
Ҳм࣬Σ֮ʣʷ꽣ӳءڽ֤˵˲Ϊض̣ȥеֶ

ҲǸΪ˶¡鷢ʱûηйأ׾֮½ʽѪ֮º󣬲дϢڽҲֻΪˡ

ô޿˽ԹһέŲµ޺˭ŶԹϸڽҲһֱܱ֮ˣʥΪ׾֮Ż֮⣬¼¡

ûС֪£޲˽Թ뼰նҹԼħǰҹ˵Ļôĵ˸ֻԭ

ӣһ컻أ
ͻȻ޵ֱһٻṬʱ˵Ļһ㶣еĪģɫ˲ˢסʵĲϼ

һέ콣ӵı죬ֵȻûУ޷粻ˣ
Эƽյ֮սԼֹѪߵŰټһӴ֯Ҳпз硣
ƾڵδ˵޵£Լ仰ʱԼ̿֡ͼеĿԣü䲻

˵Ҳǣз⡣ǰػҲˣ󻹲סֻȻĽͶǣ½˵ԼȺ׷֡

ڽϼ㲻ЩǷǣҲѱǷǲһ졣ֻΪҥԱ㶨κν壬ǣ޲¡
ʵ˵˻ʱҲԥڡȷ㲻£ĽԾҲԼе

ˮĸĿϺû̫࣬Ļ»ǳǡ
һέ˵Ĳ޵ȻԲú󽫲ƣԿη޻ĲƽҪһû˳֤ԼףʵҲǶԴ裬ǲƽ֮¡

ô˵û
һʱ¥ԴµĿ׶һέ룬ǵȥһ¥СˣˣһέһȻ֮Ż£ʹýҲ˹״

С˶ѣһûлӪȡ
˵ʲôлǰ֮ѣ죬Ρ

ʲôڽ߾ڵϹӣƾʵ档ֻħʶǰʱΪͬҵʶߵĹ
ɱ˵ĹαװɶԷģһλƻˣܲСġ

ᵽ£ҿŶ̸˵Щʲô
ûʲôֻǴкϽϾѡ

ˡջսУһ޳Ԯһħǰͣ˸е֮¡ˣȥˣ
ڶһέʼħ֮ʱ֪תĴ¡һԹ

ɼᱻסһέ۾ȻЦš
ǶҿءĲֻңҲһ𡣡

ǺѣʲôֲܷҲҪһ𡣡
Ҫ˵ͬԵҪͬѣҪȡЦλһͬѣһέδ˵ڣ翴˼

һέе˼ʵ֪ƽ֮£ȡЦһͬѡһѵռˣοһͬѵľǧѷꡣ𽣺ܼҪǣҲʵʮֵظ飬
š

˻ز𣿡
ڻȻ֮

ԭ𽣻ҵǣҺһͬһέκʵôӰ
ںɽϢ޸塣

𽣵ˣʱҲΪ鼱Żæȥ֪ͨ𽣼һͬǰɱа֮ӡ֪شȴֲֻ֮ܲΪĿǰֻзʥķնа֮
Ŀǰ޴󰭡

Ǿͺá֪£Ҳܷӣа֮£дô
ȷ𽣹ָ֮Ҫ

ȴа֮Ķ
޷ҵа֮ӵӰҲֻˡ
ȻҪĹֹаа֮գҲܲܣڳǰƲС



һ¥֪֮ʢ¼Ӻһ¡
ߣ޲ȻɫеٵͻȻֹͣңĻӣžһ˰٣Ҳڳˡ
ˡƮ˲ôã

øħ죡÷Ķ£Ҳ֪ħųķ
վԵɷѰ֪ϢӦҲܿʹʱͲ֪Ҫνʹ£
Ҫȡʲôж𣿡Ʈʵ

ȡʲôжֻĽ֪ķӦΡ²ôߣǻû뵽¡
ǡƮæ˿ֻʣɷԡ

֧Ʈއ˼ϻرֱӶħ֣ӦлΣԼȻľѳۣ棬ڵĵǽӻο

ǰȻ֮һ̸ֹǵΪ㣬ʱֻоٲѡ
Ϊ׼ֽʣҪһ⣬Դһͬ͵Ȼ֮ҪƮشšͻȻô˵
ɷӦϲ

伱Ҫʹ£뵽ԼԽӸԵ˽жϣػΪ壬ǣЩҥԡôԼʹ£Ƿã֮ӣǲ͵ĻֺԼĸ룬ôҲ˸еɣ

ԽԼ̬ǾԼŻԼǰж½䱸ǷأǸնҵ϶Ϊε𽣣ֻο£ڽռмصλӰ콣ӵ뷨

벻ͣˡ

岻ԥ£޵ıʮֳࡣɷȡֽʱǵȫ޶ԣ಻תʹɷ֪ѽҪϣûзӦֱɷٴλˡ
޸һۣһӣϵ𶯣ԼǰĦȥ˵˴˾䡣

ȻΪ˳޷öԼɷﲻķΧ

ֻǳĬ˼ϵֽʡú¥ĵһյյҹĻȫʹǰĬΪͤĹơתߣſʵ짣𣿡
Ĭ΢£û뵽޻⣬ֻ֮ҡͷ޼ĻӦ󣬲̾Ҳգ

Ȼҡͷ˼Ĭҡͷĵ£ޱ˾ĿǰҲֻܷɽ·ˮţأֻ´ʱҲͷ
ӣ

Ҳе㲻󣬵б͸Ϊɱ޹֮˳̢Ķ󣬽ⲻѭ˽̣Ҳֻֻع

Ȼ˵ûǰԲԼȴ޷ڽǰжǻߡ潣֮²ˣôĹųĻ᡺ն˽
ЦʵŽӡǰȻ֮˫㣬߽ÿʼָֻڱ

ųն벻նͬΪѡҲ˵ġ



գ˵Լ뽣Ѻõ¥硣ſڼĬ짵סȥ·δ£κ˽룬¥էʱС

ɷ˵Ǽձѳţպܹ˽ʱ¥硣˲ţǿн룬˫֮ʣý

ҹޣڶһέȥʱҲڣټչ˵ķʳԲǰڷǰɽϢ¥ݷޣû뵽պΧ¥ǰ

ˣһ˵ˣ֪ΪϵĴǰ
ɷ￴ͻȻ֣ˮۿҵǰ㼤
ǽΪѪߣ֮йεĺҲ졣

λкҪ𣿡
ֻǰһйؽϵĴţȴſڡ

รװ֪£ǵ˵кδţ
֪޽ƣǶֱ˵֮ʣһԵηϴ˵ɱҶʦ֡

ţ΢üη飬ôֱӵ˵ʵҲΪ޸еί˴Ǵӿɶ
˶˵

΢Ц˦˷𳾡˶˵֮²ʵҲֻ˹⴫ҥԡ
ʹֻҥԣ¥ҲӦóͳ塣

վڶԷҪ󣬵˵һֵ衣ɷ𣿡
ɷҡͷûд𻰡

ɽʱӿóﾪ̣ߵԡ
һվԼԣɷʱеģ˵óû˵ͨպŹ

ȥѲ𣿡
˵Ҫȥ̽˵ǵĸţҲʵҪʱûнȥҪƮ̽ʱ֪

˽ˡɷĻش󣬽ת˵˲¥磬λʹڴ˵Ҳ޷ǰҹѪһۣҲˣлط޹֮λ͡
᲻ηǱˣη

׻𣿡ô˵Ц䵭Ƿ
⡭ηȻʢֱӣӵ̬ȣ˼ֵľη
һԵĳټη˵˵ϴ֮˲ҲɼƷŵù֮¥δؾܺһ

˭ǰ˿εģ
ô˵ǰǰǾ϶ˣ

أӷʵ
ϴǦ豹棬Σ

ϧȻŬϴǦĽ׶Уδﵽ豹Ľ׶Ρ
รԭɼ಻ǿôοǻ¥أ˵ţҡȡ

ȣҲʱΪԼβֵı飿
˵ޣͬʱҲ˵Լøʱβֱ顣ɵãŽӵΪʹǵ¸صĽ֮𣬹Ϊ֮УǲԼǸ֮ˡ

伱٣ɶǰ񡣡˵ĴǰԴ˵еĽɼǳ𾴣ٵĸҲǣڴ
޷öһ֮⡣

ǱǸȻӺǺѣ˴£ôӦҲѭ˽ŶԡҶ֮޹أԲ鷳йأôǲҪͬʱҲҪΪеıɱǸ
ˮʯһ졣޲ڣûȷе֤£ܷλȽڶԸѪ֮ϣ޹λʸףʱԻǴ𰸡

Ȼô˵ôҲҷ´£¥޸һ𰸡
š΢˷΢Ц¥˲ڣԽΪдλ裬Ծ֮ꡣҺ޽飬ӦֲŶԡ

鷳ǻߺˡȻǻ޿ͷѳ𰸣ôٴ󷽽룬ԵöԽӲΡ
ʲôÿģǳдǣûκ⡣

ҵһһԵη
ɲʶʱ񣡡伱æѵš⼸ǳ軵ˣǲֳ˵

ҮҪ⻪¥磬Ǽ߸֮Źû㡣潣˵ȴڼ˫¥һ

ǸõطߵĪķ䣬ͭζʮ㣬ƻŹ۵޵ķ񡣡ηƣСһ𳤴󣬶Ź̫Ϥ

ͬͭζΪλҪ¥һأ


Ҫ˵ĻβϻȻ֮һ̽˵ľȻǳϲǮƣʵϱ¥磬뿴ɼס
⵹Ǻ⡣һέ˽ἰӵľɾһ㣬ΪǸеʮֺ档
Ͼǽ֮ǽĵλǳߣ˻סĵطʵںһ

λ˹֮ЦתĿꣿλƼȻ֮͡ô˵סΪƽϢ¥ķ粨Ҳǿ֮
ˣֻ˵˵ѣϣǻǻȥ˺Ϣ

ҲǿǣȥԼѡ񡣡
ǾͲˣŽܸܿĴ𰸲Ŷԡ

ʮĿӣʮָе࣬޷
ãôǾȸˡ

λһ̡
ˡ
ϣ콣֮ȥƺ뽣̸ȴηߡ¥ָֻƽʱӲŻعͷɷɷ˺ʱ
ٴεѯʷɷΪڸղŵӦ˵ʵ

ɷҡͷҲ֪
챾ҪдŸӵ¥ޣȴѡ뿪¥硣˵ӱܣҲȫǣ½˻򽭺κˣΨһںֻнӵķӦΪˣеգҲµս֮˱ػֱ¥磬Ϊ˲ǳͻ˵ء

޷뿪Ȼ̫֮ã˲ǰȥѰʱΪתǷĻһݷá

ɷת˼
š˵ӦǿԷġ

лĽΣ
лʲô޵¾ҵ¡ߣ˵Ụȫ˵ֻˡ

޵¾ҵ¡⻰øжˮ¡պ޷ӦЩˡ
ɷķӦӿʵίôһСǲǲ֮ˣֻҪȷ޲ڣǲΪǡ

ɷͷʵ¥ôֹĵطһʱô˳֣ʵǲ֪ӦΨһģҲֻ赲ˡ˲ڣǲ˽롣

סɷĬְأû޵£ǲκ˴šֻ֪º󣬻еŭ
ֻǽϵĴԣֵ¥Ը֪˶Դ½ŭ

һֻܵȴ˻˵ˡɷ˵е飬ʵ֪µŭֻ֣ǸĵȴֻнĿ
ΪУڳªԣҲԸǰκȱݣʵǰࡣ

ɷ޷ڴ˵Ե㿴ʱǵһҪҵĹԼ֮⡣

ɷﲻǡ

šӼɷСȴʮֶ¼ǿΪ޸еο짣Ϊ곤ΪкҪɷ

Ĭ짵ͷȻᱣƬ԰ļˡһᡣ
㶣̣޷ģɷ뽣ӦŽϵĴţ򲻻·ǰͻȻáǶŷǸպҪݷˣ
˶ҵĵ޵ĸܡ

صضΪǵ˵ĸܣôҲ⴫ˣ
ɷû𣿡

ǡɷＱæҡͷй¶°㡣˻ҥԶ˺ˡ
ģһ߹·úģʵʧ֮񡣡ӲĬһ¡

Լˣ³˲߼⣬Էǳ׺ͣǸ˰ĵĳͬһˣ޷Ϊ˵ġ
úӣ˴ػȻ֮ȴҲ̳ƽҹɵĺúȻ֮Ϊˡ

ǺˣҲʮ־뿪˴˵أ˻ܼį
ǽһڻȻ֮û㣬Ͳįˣӹ⿪Ц붺ġ

һûĻҲΪִšæ͵
ɷ˵ʵִŵĻҲе·ߵóءҲ㻹ҽ˽ˡ

ɷﲻܺʶȡּҡͷƺǳš
վһˡ

һˣ緢֣ʵϵǵڶ˵ʱԼ˵ԼνļˣʵҲסͬһ°ˡ̫įˡѿ˵ĸп

ɷôüɷΪҲΪǶ˸еۡɷ˵ļįζΪ޷õ㣬޷ֿأ

ɷŷԼСй¶˵¡
ʵҲףΪ˲Լţһֱһľ⡣˴ΪԼ뽭ȻŬԼάĹϵѪ֮ᣬһԼǡ

𣿡һֱǴ⣬Ӳ׿˵ɷϲ֮ȴ뵽ûдãټǶͬ¥龰ϲõɫҲֻһɲǼǳȻϡ
ɼʧŹԭʹ֮£ֻû˵ѡ

ɷּæҡͷɷﲻǲֻδ䣬ҵҲвԤ·
㲻õģҼڡ

ԣҲ޷סˮ֮æͷΡͬĻ˵ΣʹԴ·ǳӡȻ˽£ȴֻϣԶ¥磬ֻҪٳӰ˫˫ͺãԼҲûϵ

ɷӴӻȡֽݸûжʣֻ޿Ϊ۸㡣
ɷֽתãĬ짿û˵ôãǵһοɷֻ֪ΰο

¥һȾ֮أҲΪЩԼһ£ҲԼ뽭ôҲֿѶ

ǡɷҡͷʵ¥ĳǵģֲý
΢ЦԴˣеʮΡ짣Ҫȥɷ鷳չˣ飬Ȼ֮ҡ
ס

ɷֹ˵
ɷﲻõģ˵Ļһŵǧ𡣡

ǡǸ˼ֻǸжڽӶǵĹذĻ˴Ӳ˵
Ҫлң´ʱ岢Ϊºƣҫһ¡

ԣɷΪЦСֵҫ˵Цˡ
ǰɷҪЦƯµС䣬

⡭ߺô˵ʵǲ˼
һҲϲɷЦ

ţɷﲻٿˡ֪Ҫǿ֮⡣
ҮÿʱͿޣҪѹֻ֡Ҫڣزܵκί΢֣Ʈ짣ǴɷҪС

šĬ짶ô˻֮⡣
ĺӡ˵ǰݱ𡣡ôһȥˡ
ϣӻ¥磬ɷŽӸİɫֽӰʧڱֱС



ҹĳƫƧĲУڵ֪¥ˮ̳ţء
˵ٶȱҪЩħҩӦĶ󡣡
͹ʵԱǸ߹Լ³ٴչɷݡ

ӻʱ֣ʵǳ룬ΪֻҪ𽣷˵ԣͲ뿪Ȼ֮޲Ǻʱ֪µģû˻ôȥͨ籨ţӦǰһ֪ϢŻ͵¥硣

ǲ˻֪µı仯
δ뽭ǰӿһ˶ӻȻ֮Ͼκ˰ݷá˽ܰô˳Ȼܾ֮ʱô˽⽣ɼôһˡ

һ޷׽ˣҲǿһ
Ȼ鲻࣬ܳζǰˣҪȫֻǲ֪ǷҲ˶ԴԼǷҲܰԼۻࣿ

ʱ˿ٴκ棬̾˿󣬼šΪᱣ֤𣿡
ϸ˼£û¶ϲ֮顣ȻŽӵֻԼϣȴϣԼ䵽ĵزѣԼԼᴦأ

Ǵι֮ٱǰǾ仰Ц˵ҲʹƲԼûǽʱ㶼ǵı顣

ӣһ컻أ

ڶʱԤϻһǺݱ䣬һΪֻҪһʯ󺣣û뵽ȴħ档ԭ˵еġûеɣҲʸ֮ģԭħĹϵѷѽ⡣

Ϊֱʱеƣ˸Ϊ֤ϲӡ֪˻ģô껹ᰮ𣿡
뽣ΪѣƷΪأοమ֮ˣưΪʵ֮ѱ²ᷢͽϡ

ֻǵһ˵£ôͷζðöˡ
ΪͬĻ΢Ĺϵô˵һеıԼյˡ

ԭĸԣ˵ȫħɱƲãﻹݵ˷ţֻɱħ죬ҲܷϽ֮£ֻҪ԰Žӣô۵㽫ԼһӣԶǵһ졣

ǰأ
ΪֻΣֻԼõһ档е޵֮ˣҪ꣬һӲ귢ªһ档

뷨񶫴·ʹûȷе֤ݣȴҲڽСķˣʵΪ

ɵӡΪ˱˶ñԼһ뵽֪ĽԼµǰ˸֤ʵ᲻ΪԼܴί

ĵĽʹԼ
ǰǸֻԼȥˣ



Ȼ֮ڣӶǿ֮¡

ȥˣ
˵˶¥磬ôĸλҲϢ

ѻ𣿡
ˣôĬ짱ػԼȥҹҹ֮ʣص¥磬ҲԼ

̼ǲǰ¥޵ıףѵʹŹҹâΪ㵣ġ

ǸǷ˲ţڸ涼Լڲ֮䣬εΣ㣬㳤صĴ㣿

ͤȡϵϽϻʱڹ֮ᡣĶŽɼȴ޷ҳܾɡ

أĴڴϣĿΪ˵ϡ
紵䣬Ʈŵͳҹ£ɫӰꡣ

ھķ𽣷˵΢ģĿϣһŽӴ˳


ԶޣҲе޵⣬Ǵĵ𡣡˼ʱǷҲһ㣬ǽأӡ

ǽҲϽͷԼ

ֻʱȴա
Ҳ̾˿ŻȻ֮ķҲӦȥһ档

ɣǽŲҪѡ
Ҫ˵࣬Ǹѡ

粻Ⱦʮˡ ߣ

𽣷˵һȷƽ󣬱Ƕ˰ݱ𡣽Ӳ̸˵ٸϻزңԼĶеʮֵΣǼҪԼػȻ֮

ҲղһĻһ˵ζͣȴֻΪԼAڵΡ
Լ޵ΪҲȥ²Ƿ񿴵ʲôںԼôһѪ߶Կĺѡ

޶Խ𽣻ػȻ֮ûбʾһ˼𽣱ƼղһĻʱһ˿˿ʤϲ𡣰һֱ÷׽Уȴл޷ǰ͸¶

ҲͬȻ֮ŽӣǷһҲνֹǵҹһսԼħĳҲ˽֮ġھ࿼֮ѡ񷵻¥硣

·ƽ̸Ѫ֮£ֻĬһʼкԼ𽣶ǰΰæĸл⣬˼ûжĽ̸ֱ˫·ڵķֵ޲ŲĿͽǶ뿪
飬ˣȻҲ



ú޻ص¥磬Ĭ짼ɷվſţһ˻ϲӭӡ

ˡɷĬ
šƮƽ

µֻˣǶѻظĬæشȻֻ¥ˣȴǹΪ֮Ҫ޼Ϊε
ܺá˵߽¥磬Ĭ짶˽ں󡣰Ĭſڸֻԭ򣬲ʹ롣ħϢ𣿡һ֮¡

ûС
šûϢȻӶԼʮΣǽһǲɒ{ʵʹԼгΪԼ𣬵ûеĽˣ·ֻ䣬СĽС짣ҪƮȫע˵١
ǡĬ짵ͷ

ɷһᵽħ֣ëֻ˸еĪ־塣ˡ
겻õģԼ
Aἰɷ뷨ΪʮġȻ㲻ħӴΪԽ֮ҪвŲòʱá

šԴ˱еΪģǶħϵĻǲֻɷ棬ҹ뽣ȥˣ
ƮϢָǵǺͽһͬڻսʧȻ˵ʵ˿ɵУԷΪ֮ǰǶشΪǵİΣеǡ

һõط޵Цţ뽣Ӷʱϲã˷ˡ

õط˼ҹ׷ѪȥˣΪλǵõطǼѵõЦʱ˲䣬ֶõطźܴڴ
Ǻõطһ˲ڲĵĺõطԼϣݵӪоʹӲڲ⡣

⡭Խ˵ɷԽףҲϲĵطֻ¥Ȼ֮⣬ǹˡڻô˵Ӧǵطϲǵطϲ
ͤ£ǳҹδߣȴҲԵþȡĽѵõᰡ
֪ǵطԽӿ䵭ĹϵҹûӦȴҲĹ˳Įֹ˵ĽɼԣܾĻӦ

ţɷﲻ⣬䲻֮ȴҲˡţѵ˻е˼ָεļԼ⣬ҲõԼҪĻӦˣ

ŻƳγεϦգûм̻شɷʡǴνǰ̽ʱ˱վԡ׵ƮʱΪ͸⣬ƻõǽɫâӭһ㡣ʱѭŹâȥôػᾡȫס䣬ǿԡ

ǴεԴĲΪһزûмԼΪв뽭һ˵ĳζ

޷ì벻ж຦»ʧȥʹǳԼоռзǳҪķվΨһվԼǰ㡣ŲΪԼҪ

ֱԼǰʵһ̣ž뽭ԭΪ˷𽣷˵УȻǷ˵Լ·

ǸԶҲʤߣǸ뽣ӽĵķ𽣣ǽ㾡һػ֮ˡҲһ֪˴ʱ׵ʵ

ȻʱԼǸûķߣӸ֮ˣֹ֮ϵ⣬ȴܲ⽣ӶļΪء

Լ̫԰ŻŬνĺѹϵ䣬ֻΪеĵڶȷʤ˷𽣺ֻаܷΪеһҪĳ롣

ǰġͻȻڵʮƶAûп˵ԼǰصӵεǡǰԼĸжϣܾԼӣѴԼ֮ر𡣰İʾ޷ģЩİ飬ʵӦһһεʴ

ԣɷ￪Ц漴Ϊ˽ôֱӶͷѾˣղĬ짵Ŀ϶͵͵ˣû뵽ձ˿õ𰸣뿴ʱ顣
ЦûлشȴáɷΪᱸڻ¥Ҫڻ¥ﵯ١

һҹҪƣɷϲõЦݡԴӹ뽣ӻ߸˵ǸΪе˳֮㲻ڻ¥Ƹ١ǶԻͼ㷢ƵļįӰΪеǲѡҪɷΪ¾𣿡

ޱһ˶ڻ¥ȴܾ̾Լ˹ػɷĬ짵ģһֱΪͣҲѹԼԼļˡ

ɵãСʱһϻ¥Ի¥ͼеȤʱģʲô֪ǣԼΪҪŽӣʵϼį¥ǳҪһԼסҲһֱǿ󲻵֮¡ֻЦŻشǣΪԼϲôһλѣֻ֪ԼԽʮֵ⡣

ʲôǺʱԼԽӵĸģǵáӦԼҹദʱ֪ģǾ֪Լе¡
Ǽˣ͸һͬ˴ԼǸ֮ԲŹʱʱԼðѸ֮ϡ
ʱһһͬϻ¥ɣ

ͨɷڻ¥ԴĬ짲ɻؿޡʲôЦ짣ҹһʱ뿪ְأûйϵ
⣬ĬÿնſڴʱŻطϢʱҹɷȥ󲿷ֵʱ䣬һ˶šʱɨ⣬ڵϢоҲΪѧϰѸٳΪõĲ
ǡֻнܣʾҲʵֻ˵



𽣻صȻ֮ϦȾ԰
˫·޷ֿ˸˼ţûжｻǰһĻʱڿˡ
ϼδɫȻϦ͡ѣмǵõ˵ʱҲ˵ľ𣿡
꣬һãȻ֮شƫƧһŵ

ǵá𽣱Ŀңʵȥ£Ǵ˿ĿҲӵἰٴ֡ڴͤµᡣ
ƽһύˣƽһΰݷס䲻ȥ䣬ȴԶ޷֮¡



ˡ
ͤµȻ糣ڼʱ¶һ{ӵЦݡ
Ǹˡ

طң˵֪һسŵֻ·ϳʲô״
طң˫·ʱѡ˴ķ򣬽һߵľءԭ·飬ټ·ŻԤʱЩ
ܣ˴뷽ͬһȴʮĵŷ飬ĲȾһסڴˣš

ֻס˦˷

ԣΧȻӣڽɫϦҫ£칬磬˵˼亱ɾֻ֮ضΪ޵ӵУ伸ֻѧϰһ˶סڴˣʵڸеơ

һסڴ˵ػ᲻į𣿡֪𽣵ɻȴⶺġ
ҡͷ˵޵˲į

ĻЦǲį˵ںΪһ޹Ұ˲ʶζԽܶסڴˡ
ȻŲͬɼȷʵǸ޵ˣһԼߡšûж˵ֻǵͷ

ѵ뿪Ԩ𾵣ڴסϼ졣ôϦδȴ㵽һɾ
ţﲻͬɾˣһɾ

ɣϲ֮Ҳһϲŵ
΢㶣뽣˵⻰ԶԼ˽˫۲ע

÷ӻ졣ЦţǷһȻ֮ЦݾͲϹ
𽣱Ŀô󣬵ĿǰΪֹҲֻнӻԼ˵Ļ


ڷ𽣵һȻ֮ʱӱɽ֮ۡ;𽣷ٲû˵ȴΪϲպ뿪ԨʱλٲԵĲҡ


ţʱԤʱЩһᵽֻʱˡ
ӵ𽣴ӹļأ񣬷𽣻صֻҪģԼ¡
ҲǵǴεԼʱЦݣԼһᵽǹԼ
ʵ֮£ǷֹıǶࡣǱϾǶˣԼĸ飬Ȼľ޷Ƿ֡ࡻԴڡ

Ӳͤȡ¹ͷĵڴˣΪƣ˱뻻ͷֻһڣвд棬ȻͿݵƾʱ˵صȴԼϸǵ޹⽫࿪ΪԼ֪¡

Ŀ˼֮ȡᣬƺѷǰǰף޷ѭĻֻòͷСֻǣͷõ𣿾£ƺǸ߹Լ
ţֻҪģ缺Ը˵ţѵƹȥ΢ЦϦա
ʲôǰѵüı飬Ƶˡ

ûʲôֻҲ룬а֮Ǹδû𽣣ʵϳ֮˽⣬Լͷ𽣼ĳŵԼøΣǡ

Ὣ̷칬һˣа֮ӽ֮

ס̷칬Խסаôʱа֮Ҫȡص̷칬а֮ӵĳɣһʱգ⼸ڻȻ֮
ţȻĿǰԼΪãľסô޻

ö룬ʲô£סǿӦˣпͻȥ֪ԼΪǰ谭ȴôΪڵޣ
ûлشֻǵĸܽ룬ȴŽ

緢ֽ޵ļΪҿάֵĹϵ޷ʹõ㡣һֱǽӲԸ˵飬յΣܲԼ֪˵Ҳ㵣ԭ򡣡

ԭʥ֮·ٻޣҹľñط꣬ҲʹԼ¶Լ޵ĸ顣

ӵĲԼҡΪڵǷ𽣵ͬʱļҹ˵ħ֮²ŵˣȻԵǣҹսħǷʹԼ¼е˼ȫϣԲŻҹܶ

ⲻܴķΧܴúáֻоԵΣǸλκ˵Ľ֧֡
һֱǳҡ
ʶûжԼйκβΣԼеʮֵοڡ֮䣬һ׷ʱСķԼĶй¶˼ӭܣԼգҲԼ룬Ҳйζ

Ҳ𽣰㣬ֻΪԼֵǰСȴ˲·ڲܵ˳֮£ʶύС

˫·ϣǻȻ𽣵Ĳɱ룻¥·˫˫޵ࡣ

ңԭԣԼǸʱĵˣ˫·ԼΪѡ
Ϧյ΢Ц˼Щʱסˡ

Ϊ֮£ܰʲô𣿡Ȼ룬ҲӿڵĻܰʲô
£ʥ֮·

޷ܾȻҪߵһ֮·ʹйأȴȫ𽣶С޷ܾ㣬֮·ǽ񡣡
أĶͣȴҲҹĽӶԺΡ

Ϊô˵֮·˳Ҳ񡣡
𽣵Σò㾡ȫеɾԲǲкڵء

ϦսʧȡǴԶҹĻӳһӣǰɫĵĺҹ֣ȴѪߵİ١Ȼƽȣݵıˣվûߡھյı£ҲͼôϢʱ躹ޡѣδ۵㣬ӽҹǵʼרֱǳǰ
šȻľҲ뻤ȫ᲻ǿ㡣

ǲǿͬУǲǿޣ
ԣ΢ЦʵҪа֮ԼԼΣۼǿˣǲ벻ؽ

ѣЦֻҽǰ𣿡ǰЦʹ֮ǰǲɫ
Ҳ˵˻ҵ⣬һΪﶯ֮ˡ

ԣ΢û˵һ˽鶯ҲϲŭڱȷʵֻǰΡ鷳չˡ
ֻôشӡ



¥֮¥ϣ޵Ű٣Ĭɷࡣ
һ׽һ׵ӣϲõ顣ָͣĶʱɷϾƱҹƣ

ǰ֮¥̨뻨ǰƣһֱ
нڵĻ´罫ٵжȡ˵šǰʹûн飬Ҳһ˶ڴ֡Ȼٻ򲻵įȴһڴ˵ػ˼ҹȴ޷֮˵ٻӰʱù¼š

ɷ˵¡´ѵõ£˼飿õµľơĽһֱ꼰мӡȻ¾ƵļûԼĴ죬ȴҲýԼĳޡ
ɷϲЦ̸ǣɷΪʱܺϲٵľơ

š磬֮ʣζ˾ůǻǵõǳ¥ʱҲ𣿡
ǵáǵʱΪǺͬס¥ˡʱҺ짶ΪҲˡ

Ц뽣֮޷ﵽǳܵĵزȴҲ˵һ۱оϽ롣Щˣֻ̾µĲͣѽΪ꣬ϦĺɳϣⲻֻӵһΪ˵ĸ̾
ǿ뽣Ӳ

˵һ˥ܣ޷֮¡ҡͷ˵
һȥһǲ̸˵֣ǵİǷ޲еɡ
ˣȴɸֵķӳഺ

ûΪѪ߱һ;ʵ˼ֻΪѪū_Ϊ
֮ԣɷе졣ѪߣµĴ鱨Լħۼ⣬ԼĿǲΪ֮ɷ

δ֮ǰ֪£ҲѪߵԡ
ʱΪǿԶ˥ܵߡԴ˽Ӻ𽥵ظı䣬ѲΪʲôǿߣֻԼҪ
ֻǳΪףԸȴϼѡǴڹ뽣Ӷʫ䡣ӣˮС

ɷǵǴԹĹƻһͼͷ˴ʫôһԾ䣬ӦǽӦˡɴʫ˽󣬶ǲȾȴҲһһ̤쳾
ʊٲճϦɲΪ㣬Ҳ˵һֵķΪѪߣĵ㡣

˵ЦϾֻǷ죬޷ȵľ硣ʵϣҪֻھϵõ㼴ɣǾôֻòֶǿˡ˵ǵǵؼãǵֻõԼ˻ɶأ֪ɹ
Ϊ֮һǳΪԼìܲȻҲһˡ

ƽѡǰߣˣ󡣡
ǰ߷֮ԣ֮ԭò˹ᣬȴΪ˶豹棬ϧѹԼֻΪ

ҲίˣɷΪӦ޻ڣ𣿡
ֻҪأʲôúڵģ
ûȻҲյʱǷ᲻ܸܵãϾϰ߰׷Ժ׷Ϊô

һĮ飬ΨԽӲ˳տ֮ģԼԽӵİ˰֣ԶôŽӡֻҲ֪ԼֻҪõˣȤȱȱˣɻԼҪ׷ʱĿ֣õʱ㣿
ǧ꣬ԼΣĺ֡ףӣ̾˴˾䡣

ǺȻ֮£ĳĺ룬Ҳ˵밮֮֮¡뵽ˣɷһЦ޷˵

Ц⣿޲Ц⡣
ûʲôֻ֮ܺ㾡һ֣֮ôǶݣȴҲʵˡ

뷨ֻȻľ棬ϲѽĵķɷԼҪĵʲôԭ¥֮㲻ôįߡ
ɷЦƣʵˣ˵ʱҪܺΪνûи¥磬ԼҹڻȻ֮ҹ

ҹŷ𽣡Ȼ⣬ҹŷҲãǸöġ
ᵽˣҲȻAǵԹôӻ᲻ԼԼһĲࣿǷûг֣ǽԼ¥绹ֱӻĻȻ֮˶ҹѳֲ˸ʱٲף˵£˳ԼԸ

ʹˣӵ˽ָ֮һػ𽣵ϣԼϣҲֻԼ

Ҳ뷨˽ڰĸʥĸ˽ˣʥ˽֮ˣӽľ磬ⷲõ

ɷһ㶣ýŷ𽣣ѵ᲻굱֪һͬǰŵʱôѹҹķӦȴƽΪҹ£ղô𽣵Ķǣôǡ뵽ˣԥԼǷʡ
Խˣ
ɷǲʼҹ֮£Ը˵ĻԻῪڣֻʵ
뿪Ȼ֮ǰὫȥܵõӺԼ뷨Ƿǵõɡ

ֻǲ֪ǰΣأôܻЩʱգᣬҲܿ᷵زҡҲþòˡ룬Ĭ짾ס˵غ󣬼ټ¥硣

ϲ⻪ĵط÷ͣ½Ųֻнӣסӵȴֻһˡ޷ֻҪӳɡ޵ıԵĮ
뷨Ȼ˵۹¥磬ֻҪԼĵ̣ϣֻнһšɷӦûж˵

ĮڻȻ֮ǿգҲӴ˼Ҳͤţ˵ɷҹῴ׷ʱп˵ǷǳĸˡʱΪڷߣû뵽ڰħ֮󣬻ԼİΣ׷
Խ

Լȴδ֮ˡɷǸû޵ˡA㯵񣬲Įıεˡ

˾Ʊٵң޽ҹĻҲֻΪֹϾͽӼ˽£֪ϻ۵ɷҲĬ짾վԡ



Ȼ֮ڣӻط׼ϢȡͷʱǼ޵һ㡣

󣬽ŲѲӯ
ҹʱס޶ҵĵĻôҲ˵ĹϵȾʹ˴סݻĽչ֮ǣҵԼȥķǰ
ֻҹԼԼԼĶĽӣƺҲǵˡ

ߵͭǰϸԼ߾ϵĺۼͬǰأ޿ˡ鰮е˶ô𣿡
ԻǼʱ˲˵ȻӦ˵ԣΪ޵˵йľ顣

ϵǺۣ¸ޣȻͻתΪɫ𽣽ոѿû˵ʲôôԼҲҪٶͣһ㡣

֣޵СԣСĵά˺ѵĹϵǵŷɾ䣬ñ˴˵Ĺϵɲٵ

ʵĸı䣬ǽǼҲĽˣȴֲòʱӣǶԻǵĹ˼⣬ҲΪԼԭʹߵ·

޷ܾʶ޷˳³ΪҪ֮ˡ
ڶͷżҲԶҲҲԼֻһ֮ˣ˳Ϊ֮£Ѱʵĸıʱ

޵Ĳɸı䣬Լ֮˿޷նϵ£ǹã޵ҲޡٲʵĻӦĿζԼܿƵˡ

ҹ룿
Լһô𣿻ΪǸþʹ˽һ

ҵʧ
Ҳһ˵ӽʼ𽣶У֮£Ѫ֮¹Իܽĸԣŵȴ֮ˣҲԼ뿪ͬУԼ֮ĸ飬ӰԼΪʥߵĻ

Ҳܲģܰģ
޲Ӱ죬һֱǴڷĵ״̬ټȥܻʧȥҪ֪ѡѪߵûг׽ҲԲκܹƽ״𽣵Ҫҵĸȵġ

֮䣬˵Ҳֻ˽飬ǲڴСǷ𽣲ͬϵ°ΣΣͬʱҲԼ죬Լһꡣ

ףûʶ֮ǰɼֻз𽣷˵ôһ𣿡ǹ鰮ֻ֪ϧźǣҲһֱ֮޷ľ硣ŰȾĸ飬վǻڡ

鲻ܲ棬ѡΪҲ޷İ顣
޵ĶռͼĻ᲻ˣֻΪôҲ޷˳ˡ˵ףҲֻһѡ

ӷͷߵߡԼֻ޷ﵽԼ룬ǰķᴫ̾Ϣ
ֻѪ֮ǵв˳ӶԲԲ˵

ɣѡ



¥֮⣬һֱͦվšĿתעӵƻͨĸߴúЦ

˺뽣֮Ĺϵ
ɸܵ¥޵ã鱨жϣ˵ͻȻʧʵ̫롣

úʣ²Ŀְɣ

Цţ¥硣
¥֮ڣɣɡ

_______________________________

粻Ⱦʮšɽ ߣ

գϿʼҥı޻֮¡
⻯еĶԹ¼˵ŴϢ䲻ʾκȴǼԡ
Ҳǽзɱ¾²޶ǲŻ˵ľȴʧҪԱ

޻̸֮
һέǰ֪Ϣʱб֮ʣһ˶ͤ⡣Զһέ˵֮²ţҲеֻҲ˼أ϶Ļش

ѰҲǲţڽв̸¡ŴϢʱҲǲţϸȥֶֺ޸еɡԼǺ̬ú޽ǳĽ֪²ɡ

Ц漴˵޹ΪףƷ߽࣬ϲմȾ£д֮£
Ҳ˸оаԼƷҪΪദѷǸ֮ˡټԼ㸴ӵĽҲ΢ԣۏ˻ˮӲ֮¡

ϲմȾ£ֺӵô£

һέͶ޸е棬ȻǰеԲ¼ɡӲģҲһֱڽϱ֮˼̻ģǿԲŻ¡
ԽύǱ㳣̸֮вͬҲڿͷۣ˴ȴҲر˴ڡ

ǽ뿪¹ʥ֮󣬱·ϣǲʵ
ʱҶ˵ǷΪΪ·书ʽΪУԽʿչһıɱжû˸Ϊ˵
Ҳм࣬Σ֮ʣʷ꽣ӳءڽ֤˵˲Ϊض̣ȥеֶ

ҲǸΪ˶¡鷢ʱûηйأ׾֮½ʽѪ֮º󣬲дϢڽҲֻΪˡ

ô޿˽ԹһέŲµ޺˭ŶԹϸڽҲһֱܱ֮ˣʥΪ׾֮Ż֮⣬¼¡

ûС֪£޲˽Թ뼰նҹԼħǰҹ˵Ļôĵ˸ֻԭ

ӣһ컻أ
ͻȻ޵ֱһٻṬʱ˵Ļһ㶣еĪģɫ˲ˢסʵĲϼ

һέ콣ӵı죬ֵȻûУ޷粻ˣ
Эƽյ֮սԼֹѪߵŰټһӴ֯Ҳпз硣
ƾڵδ˵޵£Լ仰ʱԼ̿֡ͼеĿԣü䲻

˵Ҳǣз⡣ǰػҲˣ󻹲סֻȻĽͶǣ½˵ԼȺ׷֡

ڽϼ㲻ЩǷǣҲѱǷǲһ졣ֻΪҥԱ㶨κν壬ǣ޲¡
ʵ˵˻ʱҲԥڡȷ㲻£ĽԾҲԼе

ˮĸĿϺû̫࣬Ļ»ǳǡ
һέ˵Ĳ޵ȻԲú󽫲ƣԿη޻ĲƽҪһû˳֤ԼףʵҲǶԴ裬ǲƽ֮¡

ô˵û
һʱ¥ԴµĿ׶һέ룬ǵȥһ¥СˣˣһέһȻ֮Ż£ʹýҲ˹״

С˶ѣһûлӪȡ
˵ʲôлǰ֮ѣ죬Ρ

ʲôڽ߾ڵϹӣƾʵ档ֻħʶǰʱΪͬҵʶߵĹ
ɱ˵ĹαװɶԷģһλƻˣܲСġ

ᵽ£ҿŶ̸˵Щʲô
ûʲôֻǴкϽϾѡ

ˡջսУһ޳Ԯһħǰͣ˸е֮¡ˣȥˣ
ڶһέʼħ֮ʱ֪תĴ¡һԹ

ɼᱻסһέ۾ȻЦš
ǶҿءĲֻңҲһ𡣡

ǺѣʲôֲܷҲҪһ𡣡
Ҫ˵ͬԵҪͬѣҪȡЦλһͬѣһέδ˵ڣ翴˼

һέе˼ʵ֪ƽ֮£ȡЦһͬѡһѵռˣοһͬѵľǧѷꡣ𽣺ܼҪǣҲʵʮֵظ飬
š

˻ز𣿡
ڻȻ֮

ԭ𽣻ҵǣҺһͬһέκʵôӰ
ںɽϢ޸塣

𽣵ˣʱҲΪ鼱Żæȥ֪ͨ𽣼һͬǰɱа֮ӡ֪شȴֲֻ֮ܲΪĿǰֻзʥķնа֮
Ŀǰ޴󰭡

Ǿͺá֪£Ҳܷӣа֮£дô
ȷ𽣹ָ֮Ҫ

ȴа֮Ķ
޷ҵа֮ӵӰҲֻˡ
ȻҪĹֹаа֮գҲܲܣڳǰƲС



һ¥֪֮ʢ¼Ӻһ¡
ߣ޲ȻɫеٵͻȻֹͣңĻӣžһ˰٣Ҳڳˡ
ˡƮ˲ôã

øħ죡÷Ķ£Ҳ֪ħųķ
վԵɷѰ֪ϢӦҲܿʹʱͲ֪Ҫνʹ£
Ҫȡʲôж𣿡Ʈʵ

ȡʲôжֻĽ֪ķӦΡ²ôߣǻû뵽¡
ǡƮæ˿ֻʣɷԡ

֧Ʈއ˼ϻرֱӶħ֣ӦлΣԼȻľѳۣ棬ڵĵǽӻο

ǰȻ֮һ̸ֹǵΪ㣬ʱֻоٲѡ
Ϊ׼ֽʣҪһ⣬Դһͬ͵Ȼ֮ҪƮشšͻȻô˵
ɷӦϲ

伱Ҫʹ£뵽ԼԽӸԵ˽жϣػΪ壬ǣЩҥԡôԼʹ£Ƿã֮ӣǲ͵ĻֺԼĸ룬ôҲ˸еɣ

ԽԼ̬ǾԼŻԼǰж½䱸ǷأǸնҵ϶Ϊε𽣣ֻο£ڽռмصλӰ콣ӵ뷨

벻ͣˡ

岻ԥ£޵ıʮֳࡣɷȡֽʱǵȫ޶ԣ಻תʹɷ֪ѽҪϣûзӦֱɷٴλˡ
޸һۣһӣϵ𶯣ԼǰĦȥ˵˴˾䡣

ȻΪ˳޷öԼɷﲻķΧ

ֻǳĬ˼ϵֽʡú¥ĵһյյҹĻȫʹǰĬΪͤĹơתߣſʵ짣𣿡
Ĭ΢£û뵽޻⣬ֻ֮ҡͷ޼ĻӦ󣬲̾Ҳգ

Ȼҡͷ˼Ĭҡͷĵ£ޱ˾ĿǰҲֻܷɽ·ˮţأֻ´ʱҲͷ
ӣ

Ҳе㲻󣬵б͸Ϊɱ޹֮˳̢Ķ󣬽ⲻѭ˽̣Ҳֻֻع

Ȼ˵ûǰԲԼȴ޷ڽǰжǻߡ潣֮²ˣôĹųĻ᡺ն˽
ЦʵŽӡǰȻ֮˫㣬߽ÿʼָֻڱ

ųն벻նͬΪѡҲ˵ġ



գ˵Լ뽣Ѻõ¥硣ſڼĬ짵סȥ·δ£κ˽룬¥էʱС

ɷ˵Ǽձѳţպܹ˽ʱ¥硣˲ţǿн룬˫֮ʣý

ҹޣڶһέȥʱҲڣټչ˵ķʳԲǰڷǰɽϢ¥ݷޣû뵽պΧ¥ǰ

ˣһ˵ˣ֪ΪϵĴǰ
ɷ￴ͻȻ֣ˮۿҵǰ㼤
ǽΪѪߣ֮йεĺҲ졣

λкҪ𣿡
ֻǰһйؽϵĴţȴſڡ

รװ֪£ǵ˵кδţ
֪޽ƣǶֱ˵֮ʣһԵηϴ˵ɱҶʦ֡

ţ΢üη飬ôֱӵ˵ʵҲΪ޸еί˴Ǵӿɶ
˶˵

΢Ц˦˷𳾡˶˵֮²ʵҲֻ˹⴫ҥԡ
ʹֻҥԣ¥ҲӦóͳ塣

վڶԷҪ󣬵˵һֵ衣ɷ𣿡
ɷҡͷûд𻰡

ɽʱӿóﾪ̣ߵԡ
һվԼԣɷʱеģ˵óû˵ͨպŹ

ȥѲ𣿡
˵Ҫȥ̽˵ǵĸţҲʵҪʱûнȥҪƮ̽ʱ֪

˽ˡɷĻش󣬽ת˵˲¥磬λʹڴ˵Ҳ޷ǰҹѪһۣҲˣлط޹֮λ͡
᲻ηǱˣη

׻𣿡ô˵Ц䵭Ƿ
⡭ηȻʢֱӣӵ̬ȣ˼ֵľη
һԵĳټη˵˵ϴ֮˲ҲɼƷŵù֮¥δؾܺһ

˭ǰ˿εģ
ô˵ǰǰǾ϶ˣ

أӷʵ
ϴǦ豹棬Σ

ϧȻŬϴǦĽ׶Уδﵽ豹Ľ׶Ρ
รԭɼ಻ǿôοǻ¥أ˵ţҡȡ

ȣҲʱΪԼβֵı飿
˵ޣͬʱҲ˵Լøʱβֱ顣ɵãŽӵΪʹǵ¸صĽ֮𣬹Ϊ֮УǲԼǸ֮ˡ

伱٣ɶǰ񡣡˵ĴǰԴ˵еĽɼǳ𾴣ٵĸҲǣڴ
޷öһ֮⡣

ǱǸȻӺǺѣ˴£ôӦҲѭ˽ŶԡҶ֮޹أԲ鷳йأôǲҪͬʱҲҪΪеıɱǸ
ˮʯһ졣޲ڣûȷе֤£ܷλȽڶԸѪ֮ϣ޹λʸףʱԻǴ𰸡

Ȼô˵ôҲҷ´£¥޸һ𰸡
š΢˷΢Ц¥˲ڣԽΪдλ裬Ծ֮ꡣҺ޽飬ӦֲŶԡ

鷳ǻߺˡȻǻ޿ͷѳ𰸣ôٴ󷽽룬ԵöԽӲΡ
ʲôÿģǳдǣûκ⡣

ҵһһԵη
ɲʶʱ񣡡伱æѵš⼸ǳ軵ˣǲֳ˵

ҮҪ⻪¥磬Ǽ߸֮Źû㡣潣˵ȴڼ˫¥һ

ǸõطߵĪķ䣬ͭζʮ㣬ƻŹ۵޵ķ񡣡ηƣСһ𳤴󣬶Ź̫Ϥ

ͬͭζΪλҪ¥һأ


Ҫ˵ĻβϻȻ֮һ̽˵ľȻǳϲǮƣʵϱ¥磬뿴ɼס
⵹Ǻ⡣һέ˽ἰӵľɾһ㣬ΪǸеʮֺ档
Ͼǽ֮ǽĵλǳߣ˻סĵطʵںһ

λ˹֮ЦתĿꣿλƼȻ֮͡ô˵סΪƽϢ¥ķ粨Ҳǿ֮
ˣֻ˵˵ѣϣǻǻȥ˺Ϣ

ҲǿǣȥԼѡ񡣡
ǾͲˣŽܸܿĴ𰸲Ŷԡ

ʮĿӣʮָе࣬޷
ãôǾȸˡ

λһ̡
ˡ
ϣ콣֮ȥƺ뽣̸ȴηߡ¥ָֻƽʱӲŻعͷɷɷ˺ʱ
ٴεѯʷɷΪڸղŵӦ˵ʵ

ɷҡͷҲ֪
챾ҪдŸӵ¥ޣȴѡ뿪¥硣˵ӱܣҲȫǣ½˻򽭺κˣΨһںֻнӵķӦΪˣеգҲµս֮˱ػֱ¥磬Ϊ˲ǳͻ˵ء

޷뿪Ȼ̫֮ã˲ǰȥѰʱΪתǷĻһݷá

ɷת˼
š˵ӦǿԷġ

лĽΣ
лʲô޵¾ҵ¡ߣ˵Ụȫ˵ֻˡ

޵¾ҵ¡⻰øжˮ¡պ޷ӦЩˡ
ɷķӦӿʵίôһСǲǲ֮ˣֻҪȷ޲ڣǲΪǡ

ɷͷʵ¥ôֹĵطһʱô˳֣ʵǲ֪ӦΨһģҲֻ赲ˡ˲ڣǲ˽롣

סɷĬְأû޵£ǲκ˴šֻ֪º󣬻еŭ
ֻǽϵĴԣֵ¥Ը֪˶Դ½ŭ

һֻܵȴ˻˵ˡɷ˵е飬ʵ֪µŭֻ֣ǸĵȴֻнĿ
ΪУڳªԣҲԸǰκȱݣʵǰࡣ

ɷ޷ڴ˵Ե㿴ʱǵһҪҵĹԼ֮⡣

ɷﲻǡ

šӼɷСȴʮֶ¼ǿΪ޸еο짣Ϊ곤ΪкҪɷ

Ĭ짵ͷȻᱣƬ԰ļˡһᡣ
㶣̣޷ģɷ뽣ӦŽϵĴţ򲻻·ǰͻȻáǶŷǸպҪݷˣ
˶ҵĵ޵ĸܡ

صضΪǵ˵ĸܣôҲ⴫ˣ
ɷû𣿡

ǡɷＱæҡͷй¶°㡣˻ҥԶ˺ˡ
ģһ߹·úģʵʧ֮񡣡ӲĬһ¡

Լˣ³˲߼⣬Էǳ׺ͣǸ˰ĵĳͬһˣ޷Ϊ˵ġ
úӣ˴ػȻ֮ȴҲ̳ƽҹɵĺúȻ֮Ϊˡ

ǺˣҲʮ־뿪˴˵أ˻ܼį
ǽһڻȻ֮û㣬Ͳįˣӹ⿪Ц붺ġ

һûĻҲΪִšæ͵
ɷ˵ʵִŵĻҲе·ߵóءҲ㻹ҽ˽ˡ

ɷﲻܺʶȡּҡͷƺǳš
վһˡ

һˣ緢֣ʵϵǵڶ˵ʱԼ˵ԼνļˣʵҲסͬһ°ˡ̫įˡѿ˵ĸп

ɷôüɷΪҲΪǶ˸еۡɷ˵ļįζΪ޷õ㣬޷ֿأ

ɷŷԼСй¶˵¡
ʵҲףΪ˲Լţһֱһľ⡣˴ΪԼ뽭ȻŬԼάĹϵѪ֮ᣬһԼǡ

𣿡һֱǴ⣬Ӳ׿˵ɷϲ֮ȴ뵽ûдãټǶͬ¥龰ϲõɫҲֻһɲǼǳȻϡ
ɼʧŹԭʹ֮£ֻû˵ѡ

ɷּæҡͷɷﲻǲֻδ䣬ҵҲвԤ·
㲻õģҼڡ

ԣҲ޷סˮ֮æͷΡͬĻ˵ΣʹԴ·ǳӡȻ˽£ȴֻϣԶ¥磬ֻҪٳӰ˫˫ͺãԼҲûϵ

ɷӴӻȡֽݸûжʣֻ޿Ϊ۸㡣
ɷֽתãĬ짿û˵ôãǵһοɷֻ֪ΰο

¥һȾ֮أҲΪЩԼһ£ҲԼ뽭ôҲֿѶ

ǡɷҡͷʵ¥ĳǵģֲý
΢ЦԴˣеʮΡ짣Ҫȥɷ鷳չˣ飬Ȼ֮ҡ
ס

ɷֹ˵
ɷﲻõģ˵Ļһŵǧ𡣡

ǡǸ˼ֻǸжڽӶǵĹذĻ˴Ӳ˵
Ҫлң´ʱ岢Ϊºƣҫһ¡

ԣɷΪЦСֵҫ˵Цˡ
ǰɷҪЦƯµС䣬

⡭ߺô˵ʵǲ˼
һҲϲɷЦ

ţɷﲻٿˡ֪Ҫǿ֮⡣
ҮÿʱͿޣҪѹֻ֡Ҫڣزܵκί΢֣Ʈ짣ǴɷҪС

šĬ짶ô˻֮⡣
ĺӡ˵ǰݱ𡣡ôһȥˡ
ϣӻ¥磬ɷŽӸİɫֽӰʧڱֱС



ҹĳƫƧĲУڵ֪¥ˮ̳ţء
˵ٶȱҪЩħҩӦĶ󡣡
͹ʵԱǸ߹Լ³ٴչɷݡ

ӻʱ֣ʵǳ룬ΪֻҪ𽣷˵ԣͲ뿪Ȼ֮޲Ǻʱ֪µģû˻ôȥͨ籨ţӦǰһ֪ϢŻ͵¥硣

ǲ˻֪µı仯
δ뽭ǰӿһ˶ӻȻ֮Ͼκ˰ݷá˽ܰô˳Ȼܾ֮ʱô˽⽣ɼôһˡ

һ޷׽ˣҲǿһ
Ȼ鲻࣬ܳζǰˣҪȫֻǲ֪ǷҲ˶ԴԼǷҲܰԼۻࣿ

ʱ˿ٴκ棬̾˿󣬼šΪᱣ֤𣿡
ϸ˼£û¶ϲ֮顣ȻŽӵֻԼϣȴϣԼ䵽ĵزѣԼԼᴦأ

Ǵι֮ٱǰǾ仰Ц˵ҲʹƲԼûǽʱ㶼ǵı顣

ӣһ컻أ

ڶʱԤϻһǺݱ䣬һΪֻҪһʯ󺣣û뵽ȴħ档ԭ˵еġûеɣҲʸ֮ģԭħĹϵѷѽ⡣

Ϊֱʱеƣ˸Ϊ֤ϲӡ֪˻ģô껹ᰮ𣿡
뽣ΪѣƷΪأοమ֮ˣưΪʵ֮ѱ²ᷢͽϡ

ֻǵһ˵£ôͷζðöˡ
ΪͬĻ΢Ĺϵô˵һеıԼյˡ

ԭĸԣ˵ȫħɱƲãﻹݵ˷ţֻɱħ죬ҲܷϽ֮£ֻҪ԰Žӣô۵㽫ԼһӣԶǵһ졣

ǰأ
ΪֻΣֻԼõһ档е޵֮ˣҪ꣬һӲ귢ªһ档

뷨񶫴·ʹûȷе֤ݣȴҲڽСķˣʵΪ

ɵӡΪ˱˶ñԼһ뵽֪ĽԼµǰ˸֤ʵ᲻ΪԼܴί

ĵĽʹԼ
ǰǸֻԼȥˣ



Ȼ֮ڣӶǿ֮¡

ȥˣ
˵˶¥磬ôĸλҲϢ

ѻ𣿡
ˣôĬ짱ػԼȥҹҹ֮ʣص¥磬ҲԼ

̼ǲǰ¥޵ıףѵʹŹҹâΪ㵣ġ

ǸǷ˲ţڸ涼Լڲ֮䣬εΣ㣬㳤صĴ㣿

ͤȡϵϽϻʱڹ֮ᡣĶŽɼȴ޷ҳܾɡ

أĴڴϣĿΪ˵ϡ
紵䣬Ʈŵͳҹ£ɫӰꡣ

ھķ𽣷˵΢ģĿϣһŽӴ˳


ԶޣҲе޵⣬Ǵĵ𡣡˼ʱǷҲһ㣬ǽأӡ

ǽҲϽͷԼ

ֻʱȴա
Ҳ̾˿ŻȻ֮ķҲӦȥһ档

ɣǽŲҪѡ
Ҫ˵࣬Ǹѡ







粻Ⱦʮʱ֮ ߣ

£
һ𽣷˵ǰɽٲСʱ𽣿˿ڡ

һ㡣ҹԼĳƣֻ𽣲ʣôҲἰ

Ҫ˵𣿡˼˵ôػһ
ҲС£˵벻˵

˵˻ʱƺġС¡ǿɴСҹˡйأ룬λ಻ɫĽɼӦԼ֮¡
йءȻ֪˴£ôҲûҪ

ˣ޺ý˳ࣿ
Сԡ

ţýӳ༰˵˵ߣزֻСԶѡû׷⴫жСֻͷһۡ
÷ǲ˵ˡֳεӡ

᲻ǿ
ĻشýЦλӲǿԼķ𽣷˵ԼȴֲҿڡΪ˺ԽӲ޷޶𽣻ǵý𣿡

ǵá
㻹ǵõ˵׾е𣿡

ţǵ㻹ΪΪ̹еֱ
ʱ뿪Ȼ֮ճصĽӼ棬ԼҪ쳾æ׾֮ͬʱҲ̸۵еĽ
ǵýʱûзԼļƻҲûж֮κֱۡδ֮󣬲С
ӻûκμԼ֮£Ƕβ¶â

Ǹɶ֮أһϦǷ˰˾°汾ܺЦ̸֣ܶ˽Ҳ˳Ϊ̸۵ĶȻȻĵΪ˸еꡣ

ţ𽣿ѵǳŵģǴйأ
ıƺѾˣӾͲö˵ˡ

˵ڵĻˡͬǺѣ²²⣬ǻ˱˴˼μꡣȻӵ͸¶Ѿ൱ԣϣ׿˵
ʵǵķ𽣷˵ЦڼϺ󻺵ҥⱻɱ֮ʵ֣ǵֿޡ

ţйأϢʵ̫𺳡ţ
šԽӶް˽⣬ܻ¡

Ϊβ
ǲţԽҹֻ˳಻̼ǵӿѪϡļʱᶼûᡣֻת˵޻һͬ뽭ԿѪߣһȴҲǼرʾˣ롺Ŀ
ʹ޵ʵ˿ɱȣټµĶһֱҥһڸ¶пʱӾǲ޻ΣԭֵͽΪ

ڿǻĳ̶ֳȵ˺

ֻˣӦڻ㲻
ǰӱĿʵΪ޾йأɲ֮ΪɷķӦоԾ

кμ󣿡ͻȻд뷨ǽӷʲô
ɷķӦ

޵ǵϴοʱͻСΨһյŮӡ
Ҳĵߡ

ߣôǷǳ˽޵ĽýĶҡԭҲԴӦеȥʵ
Ҳ
ȻδػὫΪ̸µĶ󣬵޵ĸԣҲɻǰ̸ԼĿԼ¡֮ڣε˾ִĬɷ

βһ̸أ
ڡ

޷ǳԼڽеĵλػἱӽͣȻڴҪʱأҲ˶˼޷ҵˣѹе
֮һ򡣡޷о԰մа֮а֮ǰʵжٹЩ粨ϣܾĻ

˵ˣߵҪɽ۵С·һ𽣣һЩʱ䣬ҵɽϺ𣿡
룬ҲѺþûͬƺ˵Ǹóô˻һȥҲá

תƷ߹·ɽ֮ۡ
Ȼ֮ľȴѲͬȷ

ǵδʶǰһ˶ڴˣǵ÷𽣵һʱ˵ãǵһܵ˵صˣ򴥾Լɽ֮߸Լ֪
Щ

ĸп𣿡ʶ꣬ЩʵǶЩĸп

ȻһԼɱȴܵĽһСǸпҲȻʵ

ȡĵ֮ˣϲڳԣԼԹ۲֣˼ȴֲ漰κνԹ
ǽȴȫ뷨ΪԼʱǾСöˣͲٸԼڵء

ö˾Ͳٺڣӵĸԣȴ޷𽣰˽ԼҲΪԼĸ̫ִֻ̫ӵ˵磬ԲŻʧȥȷж
Ҳֲ޵ֻݵˣôִҲ֮顣ϾֻǱ죬ﵽľ磬ִܲţ
ҾҪʦĿʾͬ˵ءӿЦ³Ƶա

עŽӣ˽˿ʮֳ࣬ȴֲĬ˵ЦûʲôԿʾ㡣

㡻ʵýɼҪúϧ÷𽣻ʱһΪ鷢֮˵ϣǻҡ
Ժлᡣ

ǰǻлᣬҪƽ

ٻô𽣻ٴ㽣ڴ˹ơ
ʵ֮˶ûоԵģҲ˶ǰȻڷĴԼа֮ʯ٣ȴϣԼΨһֿܹƽ֮־һеۼӡ

仰ƺֺ塣
Ǹǳ֮ˣܴӱ˵֪̽Է˼ȴ֮¡ת˵

ˡ֮ңҵóʣ²ʱ䡣
Ȼа֮ӸյãѪ֮ɳͨĹʥ𻪵ΪףAԲţȫýɱգôɱҲ״Ϊĺʱ

Ὣ絽ʱҪ뿪ǰС̸ʱԼ

Ȼûв˵̸ҲܲõСҪ絽ʵʹʱûԼ𽣶ԴµԼĸжϣԼǿڴ絽ػˡ
Զֻ롺ҡķߣҪĸһϤչˣΪԼͣʱԽԽˡ

㻹´ϡ

Цſ޴¿ɴСʥ֮·ȴиһ̡仰Ƿˣ

էŴ𽣲ɻ˵
ǰҺǲеŮ˿ҪҹˡӹװԹ

˵ЦˡĽӣܳܵĸѹж󣿲Ϊķ𽣣ΪֿѸеǰδеۡ

ȻɫΪԱֻĬĬĿϡ

֣ҪĬУӱȽ׹ⷽҪΪʦôһΪɼһŵӡ
ԣ𽣲Ц˳𽣰ΪʦôϾûз𽣷˵ˡ

ϼûķ𽣷˵ȻҲûĬĽɼɴڡ
ǿЦʦͽ֮ϣȴҲ˵𽣵ʱΪа֮Ӷȡ˼ˣϧԼĻôӶҲ޷֡
лĿءõе˼

һЦǸ÷𽣶ϧԼȻ˵֮ڣʵ⣬ջἰ̸֮ҥһ㣬أ

иŮʱ޴ֳ龰Ҳ޶֮żΪӵ뷨Ⲣı֮ġ᲻˽˶Թ˵Ϊ˽Թı޶֮ˣԴ˷ܸý֮¡

ȴл㡣˸
л

Ǹл㡣ֻׂԷ̣֮ѼܸᡣǺѣһ컻أǷӰ쵽ҵꣿ
㡣𽣷˽衣

ԼʱķӦͬǶԼֿѵľΣԼȴǶҡˡ˵ʱζԴң
𽣿һŵһһԡ

Ц飬Ƿ𽣵ᣬҲķ𽣸еʹְɣҸøл𽣶ҵء
𽣲ŽӣȻּԶҲܳǵĻǽԼʮΪ֮¡
֮ͬ棬ôΪնҵǲ׳ʵĹųҪ䲻ն˽Ҳǿ

ҲĿԡ˵



޵Ĵԣսֶһ
˵ʱյ֮ºħҶ˹ϵѣתͶѪߡŵǣħ첻˽еźĹϵ˵֮Ѫ֮|Ħṩɱ֮ȻǶֱǸŮ

ԭڽӶɱ֤֮£֮˶Դ±Ź̬ȡεϢٶȴЦ쳾˶ʱ˶¥˵ɡѪĿǰûκζ¹Űӵָɣ㿪ʼ֯۷׷ס

Ϣ¥ٶԶȴȻ֮ÿ죬ʹ˲ڼңؼ԰ȻܵõµѶϢ

ڵģĬɨ㣬վĬɷǰµϢ󣬱ɷһԵʯͷϻ겻ᡣ
ܲģǵ˱رǸ֪Ϣڽһδ֮ǰ˷գܲģ

ĵ˻Ϊ̹УǽԴ½еʹ벻½⣿
СǷǳԼ˳Ϊ̢Ķ󣬵½֪ķӦ
Ͳ֪ӰĽԴ²ȡεĶ

Ĭ£˻ʵ˵֮˽˶ԹôγΪ̹У
ǡ

޹ҪǰӾԼ£ܹҲһ
סĵɱˣм޻ɡ

ͬвͬĿԼͬδʹĵɱ˾Ǽ޻˵´ʱǺֵ̬ѳɣͿδ£ڶҲֻͽ͡
ס

˲ںϵô˵ֻĽкηӦѡվ߻ôЩ˵ֻС¡άĻô˽ܲĴ
Ĭ˵ЩҲ޵ǡ֮£ħ£¾Եõ½⡣

ҲôΪħã¼ûκκϵ
ʱҶ˵˻ѣҲʶ֪ħ죬Ҳһ߽ͬ׷ɱиŮȴòԽ˵ѡ

ʹͬй뵱Ϲϵ֮ˣͿԵʶ˴һʼ㲻ǣһֱ壬Ƶ¥硣ҽֵʲô
޷ġɷҡͷȻֻҪԽ͵ĻҲ½⣬˻ԸƻԼӡӵһƷŵǼħ쳶ϹϵʹƺҲʹס

ն跹˼˽ΪݣĬ짼Ҳвᣬ㰲οɷ뽣ĸ鲻ЩԶҡˣġ
ôΪ

ţʹ֮ûа飬ԽĸۣԼ϶Ǿο֮ŰɷҪǵã˸֮ܲ²õ

ԣɷﲻСÿÿԼ˲Żشѵýջ˵ô໰ǸһֱñԼˣҲΪ콣ҪԼԽղŻƽʵںοڴ֮ʣյ¥֮һ˿
лİο



յİ֮ва
һ綼ͤƣƺҲЩѰļ

߻𣿡
ǷųߣӦħ졣ֻΪ֪֮£Ī統ʱҹ˵֮

ûϢǷüڴ˾
ͷ˷ӦٶȸϻŶԡʱƻ裬ỹӰ

˵ȴ֮⣬ٶĶҲֻʾҶĲΡ
Լе࣬Ϊֻܳ׽⡣

紵ӰɫƮȻ֮һƬݻƵľɫȴɾ֮

ֱͦӰڵȴš



սɷҪ׼ĬҲ㿪ʼΪ¥ơڴʱֱСϳһĨӰв˭ɷȫë𣬲˵Ĭ짵

Ĭ짿Էʱѿڵ¥𣿡
㣡ԭħ죬Ĭ˲

รĿƺǳҵáЦ
˲ڣ뿪Ĭ짲ʻֻ

޲ڣǿա
ǰ˼Ĭϳϵ彣ֹǰ

ֻǵ֮£μ¶˻۵һè޺Ӽٴȱ̬ޡ
˵˸ûĬɷＱæ˵

ҮαؼƲϵأ
Ǳͺûʲôϵɷ΢΢ץĬ짵·

СƺңѹҼޣǶ󡣡
㡭Ȼ¼

ʵҺܺദǵˣ߽׷ɱʱҿ·˭֪һҶϾĹϵʧ
ħӦ֪˲¥磬˵Щ;Ĭ짲죬㰵ʾɷﲻҪȻٴ߰ɣ

ǿ¥޿صˡ
ٲߣҪˣ

ðɣҲΪСΪתҵĹ֪֮ħЦת뿪
ȻˣҲ˵ЩΪҪôĬ짼ɷﶼ޷ˡ


ħ뿪¥磬ߵ˫·ʱ¾վ·ڲԥǷȻ֮ڴʱһ仰ǰһԥȡ

˵˻֮صظ¥ޡ̤뽣ӵĵطһۻ֮ˣûʸɾ

ħû뵽޻ô֣Цø£ҵĶ򡣡˵ţͷ޶ӣЦüˣѡ

ߣ˵øթħɣ
Үαô˵أνûоԵܣ᲻֪

֮кܿԣ
˵ֻңװȥʧ֮ˡ

᲻װ⣬ֻЩʵҥʧЦҡȣΪŵݣħеη塣
˼ɱڣ

ҲֻΪִΪħ˵ö֮Ķ¥ɱڣ
ڴ˷ǳʱڣɱйĶʵΪǡȰޣʵлġ

ǵ᲻ҲֻԼĻ롣
εĽ¥磬Լе߽ͬУܷܲЩʵ

ΣЦ
ΣĽɼӦǻеΡ

ᵽӣɱľġв¥޽ħһĴ󡣡˵ţһƮϳ
รһν뿴һθоЦЦɱ¶š˫·϶֣¾𣿡

ûлᾪ֮ˡͬʱһʣһ˲ħͷءͬʱȴҲħΧҲٳһռ䣬вգۣħ켴ʧӰ

ߣƻ˵ôһ󣬱ҲħϢ׷ȥһԵƮ첻ҵβ뿪

ɢȥ֮һӰ߳ԭҹһֱħ󣬲ȴе飬ǣȻ֮



Ȼ֮ڰ׵𣬽극ͤųǶ

AǵķһƬް¡
֮õĽ⾡ʧ𽣷˵֮£ϣԺ޷Ĩȥ

ţа֮ӵڿٳɳС
֮ǰ˵ĳɳٶȲǿõ

ǳɳٶȾˣôӵеҲɹƣһսǷǳҡ𽣣յϢ״ˣ
ľĵϢѻָ˰˳ҡ

һλǿߣʵȴδʤҡӵв֮ƾ㣬˿ǿԴˡ
ͬʱҪԷɱа֮ԼǼ¡

Եʱа֮Ӧɾɽɼ֡
ţųʹޱȣշնħ˵ԽӼΪף˵

ģӴӲԼ֮¡
ô˵ûڽϲûиõķɣҲֻ˵οԼѡʲô

ʱסӼŵ
ƺг񣿡֮䲻ԼԸеʡ

˵һҶ䣬Բܲ׼
Ȼڲɫ¾֮£뵽ˣ΢΢ЦšӼ˷ӦЦʵʲô

ûʲô룬żʹΣ֮Ա΢ЦݣֻΪ޼Լʱܿõǳ֮ɫ
ЦƺŶҵĲе

ֻǡ
ڷҪʱҹ˻Ȼ֮ķΧ˽ӣҲͬʱоǶҹˡ˵
ͻȻ֣ԴAһս󣬱㲻ټӰ

ҹ𽣷˵ͷAѾչ棬Ȼſڣӡ
ɫأҪ֮Ҫ֪Ե£ӱʵҹãк飿

֪սҥԳʵڲ֪ò˵ھȻ֮ʱȴֲԥ
ҥԣҹ˻˵ǷǳҪ֮¡ûãš

ˣǾͲٳɣǸý֪һСϴ˵ԭͽħ˽Źҹ
รҥӦħΪȻأ
ŴʱƺԵʮƽרעŶҹ˸һ˵

ʵAһսһֱħ졣
л㡣ʱҪڽϰעˣû뵽ȷԼ֮ΪԼ¡֪кη֣

Ϊ˽ﾯСĸҵһ·¥ȥ
¥磿һӵɫʼ緽Ű侲

ſ޵λ̸ȻǾܾ룬ǵĶԻвѷʵǾʶ
ţȻɷԼôA˵ĻҲȫˣ

£͸ȷħйĹϵˡ˵ˣҹԥ
ֱ˵޷֪ǹԼ޵꣬Ż᲻˵

ʵղħ˫·Ϸִ
Ȼأû뵽ǣҶ֮ˣھԼԶ֮Ӳüͷ

һ㽫ħͷ£ʶߣԽѿ֮ߡ
ôأ

Ѿ׷ȥƮҲǰȥ

Ӳ޻ܸħ죬޵ܵСԼ˿׷ȥԶҹ˵Ľų˫·ڵ˵صʱ䣬粻֪ȥȥҲֻǰ׷ѹ
ӡƮ棬ѵͩĽ⣬ҲǰȥƮ졭

˵ߣôж֪ģ뵽ˣӵǳӡ

ӣΪɱһ˱֤ʵΪ㵣ǡ
д֤Ī¶ۡһʸĸ١

ࣿħ캦ֺѪ߹ᣬ˸üĶ󡣡
ǵúúøл㡣

һԵķ֪࣬ʵҪô죿
̧ͷ޵ıǣüâʧ˹ʣԭΪ¡Ĭ˰κŵһһ档



һ޽׷ħ죬һƫƧɽ
ø¥ޣҳҵ١Ϊղһݣܰޣû뵽ǽ׷ᡣ
ǽƻĶ֡

˵ƻȵϹӲŵأ
Ӳţõκεİ˵ǹӲţΪΪۡ

ɱڣ
ǻ֮ɱ

һĸֶݣӰɷ¹⡣ǿĽ˵ʹħԿۣסâ˵Զ

ø֮
ûϵ˾ˣ˫·һ䲻˼ȴҲֵĹħ켱æųһϣסĹơ
ʶ֮ܣ

ħЦʹ޵Ĺζ⣬Ҳκβʶ֮ܡ
ЦֻϮŭ֮ٳʽħ커ϡ鼱֮£ħƽӽȴɡ

ħ컯һٿԴ£޼æܡħ켱ĹԼGٵɽѵӰƮҡ۾ۡ
Ƶգս⣬˭Ҳġһ·أһʽޡƷЮ֮ƣкѲλ

˲䣬žҽУħ컯ԭΣʶ֮ܽơͻȻΧ֮γɺڶ޷˳γ˱˽ȥ

Ӱ֮磡޾ռͬʱԪһ齣ħٴβҽУ쳣ռǱŤ㣬޸е彫˺ѡ
ǡ
ħҽУݷϽľħʶ֮ܣ֮ʣԲԼñ侲



ҹڰ˷Լҹ֮󣬽޷˯ͷۿǡ

鷳ǽӶ
ν˫бˡ֮һδƽһԵһжħΪʵԶʵŭֶκ棬Σǵ֮

ҽ¥磬ϣѾƽ

ңǶԼԻ䲻ж޵ıǽȴ쳣ǰҲ˵ֻıǲ䣬û뵽ҲƵƵ

ε㽭˽ֶ⡣㰡ʵҷǳġ

ǲƿ߽ס˸΢âӣþòֱâͻȻƾʧʱӡǣ

龰͵𽣱ǵƣӲŵؿţֻеؿһǰδеĳֲۣ½󡣡˺£

ͻȻʧִʲô

ޡ
ӵĵĻ֣˿ƺȫʧƬ嫵Ǻ



Լδֻ䣬ʮɵָһ˲ƮšеɻȴⲻǼĻݣҲռĻþҲСʱ֮š

ʱ޴ѹпڵнۣǿѹ壬ҵĲɢʶ֮䣬עף𽣿Խʱ֮źεȵʹ

δ֮ղ⣬һƬ谵ԫб֮У۵ĵݹǡʬĩյľѵǷ˵ϣ磿
ǡ

֮ʣϽϰԹűĸΡ˭˭ڴϽ

ǽ

˫Ųķȥⲻ

_____________________________________

粻Ⱦʮһȥδ ߣ

δ磬䲻⣬ҲȫȻĺڰ
޼ѰУ;ɥʬĹ٣ҲʵĻᡣֱЪʱϵҲжϣŵԴ

пƬ̺󣬿ҵƽʱ뵽˷Լȥصȥʱա

ǵἰʱյ֮˲ڴ˴̫áʱһٻصԭʱգôʱ䣬Ҫ֮ǱסԼ

޲Ϊʲôһ˾ȫʧȥ侲жϣԼ̫ԭԼѵΪϽе͸¶ʲôѶϢԼŻô㯣

δԹУڱĵʹ˶ϳⲻǽӵ磬Ǵ༼ȴˡΪˣԲһʱ޷ģ
ӡ

ϽԼ˽϶뽣ӽĶ֮δ£ڽߣôֻԼϡ
Ҫ꣡

һֱδ֮ʱûԼ뽣ӵϢһʱձϤˣôҲʮ뽣Ǵš

뵽ˣԸϲΪ޾ٹ·ϣķʽ֮ǰ



Ʈ֪֮º¥ŲѰա

벻˵Ķô죬׷ɱħ죬û뵽ħһͬɽȶʧȥټ֮ѧ裬ħ֡ݱˣеĲֽβԸţվʵ

Ĭ»´ҪƮµ˵ʧٵɽѰ¥ڡ

峿һҹδߵɷ㲣ƣ۵˫ﾡǡĬ짲ᣬοȻطϢһ£Ⱦͺá
ɷҡͷ짣ҲֻۡţǷȥҽ

Ĭ΢ü˵¿ȥôش£ǸȥҲţǵ˲ϣţý֪׷ɱħ֮¡Ŀǰֻµ֪£ȵϢشȻΣ

ɷ֪ĹǣЩʵҲ뵽ֻڴ֮ʣ뵽ģҲֻλɿĽ
ˡͷΨ֮Ҳֻǵȴˡ



˫·ڣԥģֱѡϻȻ֮

ֻһСһбʼеòԾƶתأ˱ǵ㻨ζԼעĿݶȥˣһһľΪ䰮˲
ơһƣ˵벻

·Ļ谭˳ǰСѰžе·еά衣Ȼ֮õ飬ȴǰδеĵĺ¡
Ȼ·ջᵽﾡͷ̣֮Ȼ֮ľӳʱ˰ء

ǽʱͤΪбǹͤϵĵֻʣ²ȱĵƼܣԼƬδķһֽҡΣһӲ龰ʮԼǰ

ΪΡΪλȻ֮ˣɾĿ黣˲̿

ǰľٶеĽŲƿڵķţоϺصĻҳ룬ҲǾס
ǲģ̤ȻСʱ͸ﲻˣֺԻϣˣôʮĽȥˣ

ȥˣ
ȥˣ

ķ⣬˲ײŰ壬մ˳õԤδ֮ʱһֱͷǰֲ̿ѣĿתؿһС

ӡ֡




Ȼ֮ڣ׼ǰ¥һ̽Ľӣ߶ҹ֮󣬱뷿ȡųͻȻеƺ޵Ľ

ţΪҹһδߣԲ𣿽ҡͷٶ˼ڽŹϵһɲǣٴ޵Ľл

һۣңԶǰļӿͷ


ӣķ䣿
Уϲ֮飬ΪͶΣӲķ䡣ԼĽͬĻȻ֮㣬ͷβء

ǽɼķ񡣡̾ţʵǸԼܸһ̤뽣ӵ硣
¥ĵƶķֻû޼Цˣ

ļЦᰮý
ϲɻı鿴ϲҲ¥ĳɻȻ֮ķˡ

ѽײף¥ĳطôὫܵ˵Լס첻ͬĻȻ֮ˡ

Ȼ֮Ӳؿ

ǰ洦һһľһǽһߣǴ˵˵һһ˸еľȻԻȻ֮¥ɾԴţ

˵ɷ°㣬Ц޲װ绪ס˵ҲĿŵĻ

Цʲôʵղ޲˵ӵһһЦѣּѵõЦݣеϲ
ЦƽĻȻ֮ʵǽŵ

˵ƽߣӴԲӣ֮Գ֮θ
รǸý֮ķθ֮Կͷˣ

Ȼ˵šһۣЦ߳ţ޾ԣ׷ϵЦʲô
û

û
ֻ֮ˡ

ǶˣʶôʼԼ˽£ҲʾԼĺ֮ģһֱԼ֪Լ顣
Ǻڻװµһˣ

ҮΣܻأ
Ҳԡ޷ڣôСҲڡ

᲻̸ˣδشһЦǺ⣿
ûʲô

ʵֻ뽫Ϊ׼ķʱͱԼһķ񣬲ٶ˼ס߶ԹˣôЦܵôɾסԹأ




ױĹõĻ䣬λӷεӰöһЩȴԼļ

ҷѾ˼̾




޷ܽסĻߣֻּŵת⣬Ȼֲ֮ػͷһۣͻȻǿվͤϵİơ
ӡ

Ǹԭһֱڴ˵޵ˣڻǲڣһǰѩ׵Ӱѽʡ

ǰһֱϣڻȻ֮ΪΪֻҪôг˷ȥһɵĿܡΪûסˣȴת˵ģ

ԣֻǻþʲô¥磬ӱǺԼסҡͷͼؽʶ


һס¥磬Żˡ
ֻҪ¥磬ܼӣֻҪȷʮĽӰھͺá޲ٳɣԼסȥ




¥硣

ɷΪƣ۶Ĭ짵ļСϢպ䣬Ϊ磬ǽ
Ĭ짻Žĸ֣ɷϾѡһ˫ۣƵǰ

ɷô˯ĻȾ纮
ӵͻȻ֣㸴ӡԼɿ֮ɣ˶ܴϵõοǼ˸еΪ֮¡

ҹûл𣿡ﺬĵ֮ģĮĽеᡣ
ûСɷ´

ʵϽһȴģ֪޲ûлƮأ𣿡ʵ

ΪʲôͻȻʵǸ˴Ӳἰ֮ˣɷ˫ۣʮ졣

ı飬׶ҹ˵֮ʵɷ˫·ڷҶ֪ˡ
򡭡ŽӣΪ˵־е£û뵽֪¡

ɷ㽫е֪ңʵΪ֮µġ
ӱƽԼģҲֻǾȴҹ峿޵ıԲֹâļ١




ޣ¥磬ֱ¥羰ʱ˿¥粻䣬ôǽԼԣ˼ά¥ԭеķò

¥Ĵţ˼󣬿ʼɻԲκӰ⸽짡
ǸԶְصȥˣǰֻҪһܼʣ˶¥磬ԲӰ

޲ػǻ԰ͤשߣǹƣ̨鿸߸ȵȿǲıأ

ƵڣҲûɷǰӭӡ޻ܣѵʮѲԼˣ͹ϵʮ仯
ͻȻһ˿įУϰ¥ǵ飬ȴ᲻뼺ȥ

ֻҪھͺá

Ҳǵȥ᲻ãֻҪԼĸһˣ˼ǣֻҪԼ߾ͺáΧﻻƣֻҪأͲеį

뵽ʱҲӵķǰһƣڵİɣڵҲ˾ס㡣

ԸаģᲽ߽ųڽϡڣͱʾҲڣϲ̽ȡ˽֮ųš

ùųʣ޵ָⲻḧŽڻʲôŵĻȡ֮ˣֻܿο强ĵ£ٲͷ

ڴ˳𣿡
ڻȻ֮ôڴ˵ءԭѪŰ£ڴеĹգԭʮطԼӰӡ

תߵԼķķڣ꼻֮ڣ¥ƺʮǰûʲôϹԼƷĻ¥ǰ˳ڷϵĻ

ţʲôͼӦ¥һ磬Ϊһ؉Vڴˣ

ϸĹԼдšɼĸ֣һع˿𣬸ոԼʱûп
ǹҽ



ɣҪǵҷԹҽԱѵ׷
ѽüҡͷ鿴ƽţȻһЦϼįһ˵е˱
Цӻǵãôһȴ㵽ҵķҽ
ƽֻܹ𣿡
˲ƽôࡣ


ʶʮ꣬ӵһԼųʱ˿ЦĶԻڶôĻǵ꽣һ
ܣ

¥˾ס¥ɣ¥Ҳ뿪ֻҪ޻ţͲýһ˹µȥ᲻ܷһȥ

ܵûнӶ䣬ΪԼܲıˡʱ˵ĻҲֻһ뷨ʵ޷


δϣѲ˼ĹķȥȻͤ򶫲ԶİһVΧ꼻

ɫӳšɼ֣续һ㡣
ܣҡͷ

Ϊܣǰǻþ
ǻþΪĸôּôϤ
ǻȻ֮ĻķϲΪ뼺ڴˣΪȥ
ô׷ʲô£ԼСػ֮뿪Լ

ǵĲһǰĹVй°Уÿһǧء

֮ԼּȻ֮ûлߣҲͲǰ
Ϊ𣿡

վĹǰҪȥĹָ⽫ʱˡ
Ϊǽ˽֮Զ޷֪Ǽ٣
ᡭ

ҲƭԼʵھֻ֤


ͻеģɼĸ续Լɼԥĵ£ִص¥

ӣ޺һĳطᡭ

һ뵽߿ǽӣʶѽҵҲ˲ĹʵԡӱҲãǲԸǰʵҲգ˿ֻϣϽ֮˻ǽӡ




ɷ˵ħвֶ˽Ӵûϸ˵ҲµĴš

Խ޲ò¥ԭ򣿡ʵ
⡭֪òԼ˵ڣе¶Ӧ˵Ŷԡ

Ѵ˽⣬㲻شҲ޷ӲΪϣԼеࡣ
ɷﲻεصͷĬվԲ

ףûй֮⡣ɷˣֲҪĵԼ˵ѣǺܲ


ӵͷСɷʶĽʱˣ
ҡͬƭܲ

ֻһʹĶѡ΢Ц
ŴĵĿҪ޳

ɷͷǵǻСʱǵͷʹĵķգô˵һ

ͷůƣʱһ㰲οԼɷüסµˮ
Ϊʲôô᣿ƭȴһҲİοԼֻΪ˷Ƕеѹֻɷ޵ݡ

Ҫ⣬Ǳģ֮ĸ鶨˶ı䡣ջ֡

𣿡
Ĭ˵ĸɲ⣬ĸ顣뵽ʹ׷Լڵˣܷŵ»ļ

ͬǲˡ
ǲǣɷﲻ˼ҡͷ

ǾͱΪἰ֮µġҪҵ䲻ޣһİȫΪҪûҵ֮ǰЩҲֻǶࡣ
ѾȥѰûϢæ˵

Ҳȥҡ


ϣݱ˵ĴʽɴСΣȴһ˲Ҳˡûôۣ
ס

뿪һϢһǡ
л

лʲôû޵ǻį
˵ţתȥ

ǵģûޣȷʵįûж˵





ѭϤĵط˿뵽¥˴ȥԶΪõѵǽϽǣǰ

ɻϸ߹ҵĺӵʮĹƣԼΪָǰ裬ΪɡΪʲôڴɫ谵֮û

ΪĹϵԲƣΪĹϵԲꣿͬ㣬ǻҹ꣬㳣䣬ǧˡԣ˿̵ƲȻ֮£ʲôõĵģ


޼ٴߵ·ֻҲֳ࣬ˡᡭ

뵽ĹҲӵӰĻôźãֲܲǰΨһ֤ʵǷ񰲺õĻᡣ

ǰԶ޵ĽŲٴֹסΪһԼͤûбشϽ
ǽӡ

ʮԼ̬ʣʮԼƺʧȥԭе⡣
ꡭأӡ

ʮӦԼԵˣȥˣ




뿪¥֮ʧٵĵطֻԻѰ޵䣬ԱƮɽѰҡ˽һɽͷ

⸽еĴ򶷺ۼжϣҹһ൱֮սʶ꣬һο˶Aһҹ֮ƣΪסֻǱµķ糾մȾһнԼ𣬽Ϊ˸е֡

ɽϷǿƶƮƿ٣뷢˿𡣵ͷɽȣϸĹĸ߶ȡ
ĸ߶ȶ˵ӦڻҪӵʶħۡ

ʶס׹£ǷǳȻԼħֹ֪ʵԶаԼа֮ϡøħ죬Ǹηˡ

A˵ýӴĶ޵ĸǻûдǼʹ֮йϸȴְѲ֮Ҳעõ޵УҲ㲻ˡ


ޱǵͻȻʧǺͷһ̤δ磬Ǳͣ͵ʱʶдɱӳλеĹӰбǽӰ֮ĺڶУȻռȫӰħĹϵǳаæĻпʱס

ЩֻԼƲ⣬ĿǰѰҪ֮¡˼ˣ˦ӣһᣬ壬ڿնϺ󣬻Ʈɽ




ͤڵͷһϤڻɻʱֹס޿̵ˮ˼Ѿ¡

𣿡
ղԼڻŽΪζвڵ֣̲סѿڶΪζᣬԼգΪʲôԼαװļǿԼ⻽֮ʱȫ̮

ҲƭԼҲ޷Ǹٵ˼ʵ޻˫Ҫȥ类ҳİ١١

Өİ٣ڻᴥңڴ˵ôꡣ
Ŀ֮ôֻΪԼļͣյĹ֮

񣬼ɽ֮ƶҲ޷ֵָڿУϵˮһεڰϣûʵĳСԼͬǴ֮˵ʱĿ

ͤ޼ԭʮԼ˹¶˵Ļ䣬ԭղû֤ʵķĹǽС
һôˣҲᣬ֪Ϊʧȥ˲ŻˡΪҲֻǸ˵ĽɼԼ顣

ΪʧȥΪֻˣʮʲô£ΪǰλһԸдƬɽףҲˣ

ƶ˽ŲҪǰʸ֮ͤ˺̧ͷ֮ʱֻ类Ҳˡ

֮ͤ˴˻ղ˲䣬ģݷ𿴵ԼվǰᣬֻٴεͷŰ٣ָ{ϵĳһ˿ҷʵ졣

Ǻ٣֮ܶܣܱԭɫ
٣ǺСڣ˲ڣʹǲ֮˿׵ˣ

еʹĵȫ

ϵָĨڶңҲ֮һĻĻ֡ǹľѣǲ֮ޣٴΪʱҲ޷һеһУӹ֮ѹе˼ģˡ




ڹһ磬ٲκɫ£ȻػȻ֮æѰ֮ʱħһͬʧҥڽϡ

ȵ¥Ĭ짶ˣǰѯʴ¡ǽΪ֪޵Ҫδ֤ʵ£Žϵԡ˶֮˽˵ҲΪѡ

Ӵô»صȻ֮ʱǽʱ֮˵˾Լķ

ͬʱյ˲ͬʱڣ޼ʮԼôǻụ˴ˣ൱Σһ¡ĵ

ôһ˵Ӳһֱδ֮Լ֮¹ڻĺģҲᵽ¥߻Ȼ֮Ѱǡ䲻ȷǷ䴳δʱգ۷µĻʺܴΪֻӰ֮Ӧʱ֮ڱȫˡ

ʮѽҲ¥磬ҲȻɾҲδؾԭĵط˭Ҳ֪ʮ˭ϡ

ѪŰ֮µ磬жҴأδ֮£ڵԼϵãҲδҵһԼߣֻҪʱ֮ŹرյĻͻὫڵʱա

ҲֻԼ뷨޼ʮô¸δǺã

ϴεδ֮ԼĪձ᲻ȷÿʱ֮ż俪ʱǷ̶ʱ䣬ǵĴ㡣ǻȷǷδ֮֮ǰѰĿǰ֮¡

š
ڴ֮ʣһԽ۵ѹһҲΪȫ׼Ҳֻ޵ʱѰȴ

ŵǣȴԥ˵ڡ
ʵ׷ڵʲô

ʧˣôΣ
ȻĵԼԸ˵֮¡ģ˵ʧ֮ˡ

Ӵ˻ܣκ͸֪޳ȴڴʱ˵Ļ𽣲ģҲ֮ýӴʧ

㲻ţЦʵ
֣š

ѡӻ˼˵ڴаһ֮ٲ޻ôҲֻѰʱ֮ȥʮ޴
ʵھͺϿԽʱ֮ȥѰޣڼԵĿ£ðΣգʧȥһλֿѡ

ţ⻰Цȴʮ档ʱ֮ŵĿ󡣡
ǰѰȥħܣȥ֮ǰȥĵطҲ

㡭
˵Цˡӻ䣬Цŷ𽣡

֮ӣȻ˵ЦŽһ취ʱ֮š˵㡣

ҮֵطȥһΣȥ˾ζεĻλΨһûеϣ۹Ľɼһ˶˵Σ

𽣿˻޶Ҫ޷ǿԼͬУҲֻƽȥˣҪƽ
⻰˸еů΢Ц𽣵ĹĽǽӻԭ򡣡
ϻط𽣿ʱ֮ţûԼ֪ԭ룬ҲǲԼΪǡԼȴҲ޷ģ³ͻȻԤ֮С

ϣǵáԭ˵ϣǵԼڴ˵˵ڣӦҲ⡣
ȻлȥôһεĻ




ҹĹꡣ
λȺףˮ̣˳֡
صķΧʱĳĬ£Ѹ˸еơ
ڴĻ䣬еҲֻ˼

ΣԼԼǰȴ١ֻɡûгſӵʮ﹬ɣȻΪ꣬Խҹ顣

룬ҲҲԼΪĹƣҲԶֻϵ£ԹҲֻûµҹŻעĴڡ

ˡ
˲ûлش

һΣڴ˵ص˳ص顣ǲЦʱĮı飬ҹƺЩ޲ŵͤڣȻδʪɡţתվԼǰ

ҹ꣬ѵõĹǰˮ̵ޡ
ǰ˿̣˼ػش

ӵĿûתƹƺҪһĻμס㡣Σȴ޷ıļ֡

뷨޷ˮ̣ٿڣת߳ͤ⣬ȻֻعͷԼ

ޣյĹҵһοȻҲһΡ˵ţóʵϽһǰӡ

¹µİɫӰԴ˵ɫҲǴӳϣ֮ͤ˸еĺ

أͬӣͬľ飬֮ġȴԿʱܹʹԶͣΪӿڵĵһ仰ҪԼ

գϵ£þò΢Ŀǿղ΢Ц𡭡

ҪԼֱΪôԼǰϽ
ǲ뿪ԼΪҪô¥޶ȥ

ŶﾡԵĳƣϵõˣȴԲԸʵ𣿡


Լڴ˹ǰ֮ˣҲԼ
޷⣬ΪҪ
¥޷⡭




粻Ⱦʮ˭֮ ߣ



֮ͤˣڹҫ£㿡ȴ˵įʧɫ

ʵҲǴ˿Ҫ֮𽣲սڴ˵غȳ衣

ν֮ѣҲѡӲͤֱͦͦվǰ

֮ԥκڿ֮¡Ϊ˷𽣣ɷ𣿡

ԴħΪɱ֮󣬽ϱ㴫ɱڡºҲԭ򣬵޲ûи֮ʵ飬ʹɷС͸¶һЩߣǲԸԼªһ档
޶֤ħΪԭͽ£޷ԶˣȴҲԶž֮ڣޱΪԵ

·δȫĻӱ㼱ͬ޶Դ˼ΪԡΪµʵ˵书ΪԼҪѪͻӻִ뼺ȥΪŲ·𽣷˵Ĺϵ

ӱĿ仰ʹġ֪ͷ֮꣬ȴû뵽ԿΪеĴСӲΪ𽣶㣬ǽѡͬ

ߣЩҲֻǹûʵĽڡвƬ𣿡
ٱԷΪأⲢ޵ĸᲢۡҲһֱ㡣

Ϊ겻ѡԶأ˵ףﻹԷΪء

Ӻγߣɱ֮Ҳãħ֮ҲգЩв˼Ҫ뿪Ψй͵˽뷨Ϊɼܽܡ

ΪףʱǲŤתôϣػ棬ʱ˭Ҳ˭õ˼Ǹ֮˼Ȼ¥磬Ȼֻ밲ֿԸԮ֣ôҲǿ
Եˡ˵

˵ʲô
ԵˣʲôԵˣֺԡԵˡôĻ״˵ѵ֮ĸ˵ɢɢ˵ģ˲Լĸܣôʲô

׷˰꣬˰꣬õľ֡ʱ˿ֻ̣֮ǰЩ벻ŵѻΪСǸʲôͬ壬ԭҲֻƭ˵ĶЩ˵ŵĻֻڷԼ

ɼ¥ֻټˡ
ͷ߳ްĸ޷Ӧ뿪ָɲΪ˽ĽɼʹƽҲԶ¥磬˹

סޣֻ޳Ӱ뼺ȥƮݵᶯʣڱҲԽĶ֮ȴԶߡ

˿ȻԭֻлȻ֮Żɵ뼺ȥΪ˽Ĺĵط

ʱŭʹĸоһƽЦЦתΪŭͬʱžһĻʯ漴򼴽ȥĽӡ

һģֻҪסʹµжôߺޣ뽫ԼߣҪǰıѳΪʵ

޼ٵĽŲӿǷͷ֮ʣԱסﶼ׼ȥȳ

㡭ﶼ׼ȥ¡ģһǫԼ´ǼǲӣǷŭλĺǷûͷԼݣ

ֻˣôԼֻθı䣿޷ҲԸı䡣ǲܻͷôֻǰܡ

޷ŵĴ𰸣񣬵վ¼Ҫ꣬᲻ˡ޼ҡͷٵԼϧİ飬Լ֮Ҳ˽ӵġ

ҪҲգֻΪķ𽣡ӵͷǰߡ

ʼδӻôѡԸԼҲԸ𽣡ΪǸ֮ˣղ֪ҲֻԼһ뷨

Ҳ˲ʲôһǰץסӵ֡ӲԸȥ˦ޣ֮䣬ֻ˺ɫĳӲ޳һء㡭
ᡭ
Ժ˲̧ͷֻ޵˲תΪμ֪롣üԴָ֮⣬Ϊ޷¸еѹӺɷõŵ£ˮʵ˿ᡣĲᣬĮ

˵ʲôǿԼΪԼǡ

Ū˼ӱֹⲻͷػ֣޵ķӦεЦ˽ɼ䣬ǻ

˵ʲôٴʵЩ
ΪʲôҪ˵ôĻѵ˺Լϧ䣬ж

ڽɼдڹԺҲǡ
ӡ
֪ǰԼģôϧͷ񣬷ﶼϽԼԼֺԶԸԼӵǣƭԼǹˣ

޲ϵطԼڴʱƺ˽˵ŬţֻҽнɼĽӡ

ꡭ޴˿Ҳ˵ֻʧؿ

޵ķӦȻĮ̬ȡ̧ͷϵĹƺתͷǰСʹ˿㲻ᣬԸͷΪ֪ȥԼлٻԼҲϵΪԼˡ


׼ߣٴγȡ
ֹסŲһЦˣǧɽɫһƮ翼䡭
ٻͷӶ䣬ڹƵ£ﳤȥ

վԭصû׷ǰֻģıӰ۵ʧû뼺ȥһ죬ҲûǸ˻˵Լ˵Ҳǡ

ҹĽӾ˺˺Լҹ֮ˣԼޡ

Ŀݷ￪ʼ꣬ԶߵĽһҲ

Ӳ˵ˮմʪԼȴʪ½
ΪóΪԼеźѳΪź
ĸվס˵ģҲס




µ˲жϵѰ޵䣬ûκϢħҲ˼Ӱ

ΰ죿ʵ
ٹǾǰἰҪӦԲߣȴ޷ŵһͬǰʱƽ

Ǵ£ʵ֮Ҫδ
ףڴ˽̣֮ҲäĿѰ޲ߵصȴ

ʥ𻪵㲻ô뽣δϢʱ޷ǰȥô༸ȥѰңҲΪġ
ѣӸθлأôûа޵Ϣ޷뿪û

㱾͸Ϊء
ĵĻһ£ڽɼеĵλû˿ȡ

㡭ӻ˵ôֱӣе㲻֪롣
˵ĸкü֣֮飬û˿Աȡ΢Цϲı顣

ǡ
һĸܱȽϣ

ǲܡ
šߣɼȻˣȴҲ̰һ档ҲʧȥޣҲԸֿӲ÷һ˹µͬµ޷ֿ

ΪˡҪ˼Լİȫ޵ĸܣмࡣ
ΪѣԼĸԸӿֵ𽣣ҲʶҲҵֻ㣬ԼΨһĹҰ㡣Ҷƺ̫أҰѸָ˺ʶޣΪ߶ңԣõĽ


ҲöԷ˵ЩҲԺǷл˵ʵ֮ĸ飬ʵǵ̫ࡣ

סʵΪԼôһʱԼ֪ӽ޵Ҫ֮ˡ
л¡

Ҹøллʲô顣
ͬҲøл㣬ɼӵһԸꡣ

˵˻ʱʿУֻ΢ЦӦû˵




һѩƬţϴڽӵ˶ԿѪߵ鱨

ҹ뽣ڹѺޱ¥֮ڲϽµԭʿԿѪߡ

ˣŽ
ɷӲͷƤٴθĽҪԣδϣ޵ɷϲĲ£ȴ𣿡

ǡ
ʲôĿϣԵЩͷ

Դ뽣ӾѺ󣬼û˸ǰἰӵ顣ÿ»شѶϢֱػὫ꣬ȻڹʵʮǸȥ֮ˣֻϳ϶ѡ

ûɷ˲
ȥɣԺҪٰѻشᣬѲй˵Ϣ
ȻѶǣôôʲôһҲˣ

ǡɷﲻҶ໰˳ķ䣬ȻŹϡ
޼ȥߵϵİƣϢҲ¥ܹظڡ

һֱţΪԼ˰ĽǸԼȻͬ޵ˣΪΨһԼ̸Цֻ֮Żô𣿰ﲻuأҹǿռ壬뼺ȥ

̾Ϣ֮ʱ޴ӻó콣ӱԼµİɫ䣬ĥ䣬ȻյĸϡѳΪҲϰ𣿡

ƵԼ͸ƵΪԼֻͣһƮԶߣ¥ƬסҲ¥֮ܿ

ӵеģҲֻʣİϵζ




ս߷֮¥硣
ǵɷÿնĬվſڴǵƽ

ɷµϢʧ֮󣬽ÿ춼ᵽ¥һˣΪǰοˣͬʱҲϣܵõйκ޵Ϣ

ûС
ˡһĴ𰸣ӵͷǵʮˣٹұУ޷Ѱ޵䡣

Ҫ˲𣿡ɷһֱܵôʥ𻪵ӽҲ֪޷
ǸҲ÷һ˶Ѫߡ

ǡˣ˭ܾȵˣ
һ̲֮뿪Ψһ¡ľʵҲʮΡ

ԣɷﲻɣѵ˵ԶȲϷǰ뵽ˣѹĵͷȥ
ѹοɷҴа֮º󣬻ѸѰ취δ֮ޡڼ϶ǵδ֮ȴҲҷѰĶ

ˡɷҡͷ
ɷδǰ˱ۡ޵ʵδ֮ôܻüƽֻҪʱ֮һرգὫǸʱյء

û֪δ֮Σ˵İΣܲǣԵʮּ
ɷǰа취ƽˣ㲻޵𣿡

𣿡Լ˵˵𽣵书ΪҪߡ

šѣ˵˸СѣΪԼĲͬʱҲΪ˰ǡȻ޵ʵɲ⣬δѪߵ磬ҲΪ˵ԹӦˡҽȥһѪһ

ȥѪкҪ𣿡һҪѪӴİΣ
Ѫ̸ԼģҲΣա

ΣҪעԼİΣȻ˵ûΣգԷϾǿµѪߣܲСĽ
л㡣

ת뿪¥硣ٹ뿪Ͳ֪ܷлٻֻ߻֮ʱܷڴټһ棿
һеһжδ֪һеһУԼ޷ƿص˵ı

·˭˲谭أ
Сյ̾˾䡣




һͤ˼Ĭǰ˵Ҳ֪Ϣ
ˡ
ϡźЩͻصȫڷϡȥɣ֣ҪĬ뿪߷Χ֮

Ĭ짼״Ŵһ²˴ţ˳ֵˮ̳ţȻʵĳĬ
ϵİƣǧذת뽣ӵĹʱĥһ硣⣬ĿǷϣſŷϵƮ졣

ţ
һ¼Ǽ¸֧ϢԴ˴λƮ죿Ӧǰ߹۲Ŷԡ޸е쳣ȥȡȴΪԥֱ˿ˮ̺󣬷

漴޽˫üֽһšӡ
ԭƮ漱֪ͨ˵˽һ·սճǣа֮Ѳ֪ȥ

𣿡
ֱһŵĽֲµսԲżղţݱֵزɷ̻ɷ֮

Ľɷﲻҵæԭѵȥķȡ

ɷе֣̿ǷϵһֱԸȥּ뿴ҶʣҴȥΪȡ
һٲģ֪ʱˣΪ׷ط𽣵䣬ɲճǡ

ΪΡ
Ϊǰд𽣵ĲսһӰϢҲʹϢҲԸš

һ֪ΣĻںޡΪβأһţҪԼôǰȥӪΪʲôôģҲǡ
짣š

ĬǰкηԸ
ȡһͬǰճǣµǰ֧Ԯ

ǣĬ짲ԭҪȥȽӡһԵɷԼϲӡ




ԭһ죬һø
󣬽ӶڻȻ֮϶һέã̸֮һЩصĶԲߺƬʲ뿪

ޣѾʮˣͣδ֮ʱ䣬㻹δ֮£ܷĸأʱãҲΨһģҲֻʱ֮Źرʱܽ

һΣ

ԼĻԼԼ˵κʧĳŵȻ⼸Ѿȥʧȥ޻飬Ͼˣи˽Ķ޷ȥҪ֮˵İΣ
ֻԼȥܹ䣿䲻ѪߵĹϵȴ϶˴Ϊͬ壬һһȥôһͲٶ
ĳŵĻʵʹʹѹǿа

ΪԲܼǿ𣿡
ΪζأȴҲΪζǿгһʧȥ޶ܼȥôΪδˡ

ֻΪζôԼĸֽںη




峿˻

ϵճʱǰ֮һϢϾѪĺۼŵߵǰʱֻ֮һۣԶ˫ۡ

ûκԹޣֻȴϽﲻԸſףԭһֱڵżԼһ棬Ը뿪

ӣ϶ˣԼСܿࡣ

ڶ޵ݵļ־ġû뵽̤еĺ󳾣û뵽᳢ʧȥ׵ʹ࣬νġ׶֮ʹݴ˿ıʹ

սУŽʹԼԣԼ֮ġֱѪ߾ˣĬ짶û¥֮ŷѸ֮ܲ˵£ԸⱧ뿪Ƭĵء

ص¥һҹֻĿת۵ŷԼĴϵĽӡ˵ĽŲߣȴΪԵļֲ֮ͬѣΥԡԲͷǰò׷ĽŲ

ֹĻںĥԼȴҲ֮ˡʱ޻֮ʱɷĿð˵˸ᡣ

ˡ
֮ˣýᣬ

Խ˵ĻҪһס¥ôٻػȻ֮޷ôֻںδǸ꼻Ļ԰ǽ顣

Ϸ£񳯶ǰȻһע¿Ȼһ˵еıˣȻΪ֮˹

ǴҹԣӴ˲ٹ£ҲٹǽꡣֱѪţֱ|ĦѪеʹ֮ʱžѹ|ĦΪֵѪߡ

ȻҲΪ˵ԼġʮϻȻ֮ʮûѪ߸ҿڵķΧʮֻ¥빬طʮǰἰɼĸ֣ԼҲ˵ڡ
ʮ䰮뽣Ʈ㡭


ĿˮȵϣҲϴȥϲֵĳ
Ϊκ˿ԺģֻжԽǲᣬҲֻƭԼԡ

Ầģ᲻ȥ

û׷ȥʵϲǽԼԼѵԼĵ˵ţԼΪֻнһˣȴԼ

ΪģԼΪûԽ֮еĻ䡣ΪԼԸΪѪߡȻЩӱܣȴֻԼһӡеĹȫ

Ѫߡ
ӻһ۾Ϊ˲Ϊ˵ԼΪѪ֮ʮֿȴкβ̼ǵָĸôԼأ

ỹʲô

ϣǹ¼ŵѪ߲֣õҲĥѡӣܼį

һվڴ˵ػʮǰĹѾˣٻʲôҪ¥磬껹Ը𣿡

˵ţǻҳİ٣߳




ҹӾ¥һˣ뽫ϽͻأʱǴΪܡ

ڻ԰ݷ𿴵޹¼ŵӰվ棬жʱеᡣԭֻͻϽȴͻȻҪҹڴͣɷҹ˲ڣ𣿡
ɷҡͷΪ˼벻˵ء֪ˣǳˡ

˾֪˻ѹ
ԶУ֮ޱزԸԼȥ䲻֪ΣɼΪԼԶȥѹ


ֻ˵˵ѡͷҹ¥ǶȻ֮

ǵǰڻȻ֮ʱ˵ѣϲ˵ϸ鰮Ǹ˵뷨еʮ־档
ɷϻ˹ҹʱ￪꼻ڻ¥ϡҼǵ鲻ѣȴ꼻

ɷǵãĩʱ£תʱ֡ҹ꼻ţҲǽһε
̶̵ʱڣôı仯ǡ֮𣿡

ļڣȴǳĲƽϲ꼻ҲĻػƹ͡
šӦǰ£κϢ

ȷս𣿡ٴʵʵڲϣ˿Ƕȥ
޷ıʵ˵ţóʵϽɷϽٷһ𣬴ҽа֮ºػǰȡء

ָоڽ°㣬ġ
ģΪһƽοʵϻزδ֪֮¡

ԣɷͷ֪ΣȴòУҲֹǾôԼҪǵûˡ
ôϽ鷳ˡϽøȴֻɷҡͷϽ¡˵ֻϽ

ţ߸˵ӿɷô˵ģ
˵ϣϧϽϲɷ̲ס˵£ȥΣأǵԼܻزԲŽ

ɵӡԭôļįԭôϣԼܰȴϣǻԼİ١
ɵɵֺ԰ôԱԭĹϵһչҲûУ

ɷ
˷ڻ¥

¥ٷǸ޴ӲǰĻ¥ʵӸеΪѡ޵Ļ¥Ҳǰ
޷֮ǰ˾˵һҪͻ¥Ļ

ô˵
ţǳô˵ġ

ΪϣԼǰȥȴڸԼƵ̧ͷ¥Ǹ̤֮أҲԵѵڲ׿£ðݷá




޸ʮԼص¥磬ֻϽＰͤϣӻȡһɫĲϵϽϣߵĹǰ

ӣ֪޷Ƕôʹࣿ
ٵԼûаˣȴڻϣԴʶ֮һֱĥӲԼֱȥԼıɵ

ʮ겻ˣǵ𣿡ҲʮڵµԼҲʮʱԼ

ȴˣὫġ˵ţ˳ȡ˹ϵβټأӡ

ʮǰĬ˵ǰ֮ˣȻͬڻ֮£ĶͣʮǰȴʧᡣҲֻȴԼ󣬿ټһ档




һ¥סǰӳģһڵȴ̤ǺӶԼĻϲдš貨֮ɡ֡

ޡ
Լ⣬⻭¥ĻҲ޷֪Լֵز

ڣ֮գټһԵĻڻȻ֮ȴԼ龰㡭

ռʹƣ۵ԶǵȻ֮ȴԼͤڵĵо˵£ͼ¼ŵӰҹʱӸ۲ѡ

ֻרʱҲȫһΪô룿Ǹղɷ˵ʱ飬Զ޷֪ôġ

дԼֵֽһԼӰͼԼæʱԼʱοԼ

㣬ԲӦң

¥续¥Ũҵİ֮ǰһĻֻǸԼġ

Ҹβ㣿




޳ʿĹϡ

Ѫ߶ȴΪѪߣԹ񣿡ǸԹԼģ֮ʱûΪ𣬷ԼΪѪߡ

֮ǰȴΪĳªĹϵ𣿡
һΪŻӡ֮˵л䡣

ʹ겻ٰᣬҪ׷ꡭ
ٽѴʱͻȻһ̾




ѵõĳ̾޵߿жҺټһ桭

ɽ֮۵ӰǻȻ֮ҹ¶¥ǻԼ

ԭԼ˻¥ǲϣԼ顣ԭһֱСرԼİ飬ԭ޷ǱŨҵİΧţԭл˵ĿֻԭԼİҲֻܽͼйԭ

վڰǰḧҡԭҹ㡭

⻭¥ӰҲ޶Լ˼Щͼ֪ԼȰ㣬޵Ĳš

ԼҲȴضҽܣҲԼȴΪԼĮӶȴ֮ˣȴԼôĥܶԵ

˿벹ƽԼ⡣ΪʧȥҲԼ

ޣ




˭֮
˭ΪôϤʮ겻ǽںԼ𣿡û

ûһǽںԼϲؽеҪꡭ

ͬʱܿռ䣬һɼһԵʱ֮šܲʱŤѹŽ֮




޵
ΪθղǸ£ƺ޵ĽΪе˼ԷϣԲŻŴβ𣿡ǻþ

ǸȨԼƾԼε٩Ҳɫˣȥˣ˿ĺټһ棬ֻһҲá

ޣһҽУܻδ֮Ѱ㡣ȫˣôֻټˡ




ޱڵʱգڻȻ֮ڡ
Խʱգܲ˼ѹŤеʹϾ˼ˣֻһ档

ӣڴŽ֮ͬʱڳȥһͷһƬڰִæ˳ŷͤĵš

Ȼǰľɣȴ޷ֹδ֮ѰŽʱĿֻٶӿϣ˿ǿ侲Լȥ𣿡

ɻͬʱæǰȡµһͷûͣӦǸ뿪Ȼ֮á
ȥ¥𣿡

һȥ¥ԼһҪԼŸ뿪򲻻û»˴˵ơҪᡭ

Ҫһ棬ٴδԼȥ




뿪¥޵ķ䡣
̼ڴԣ̼Լܿ󰮣˶Եÿյ䡣ΪҪʧȥʱŶϧ

ӱĿ꼻֮ڣǱů̴棬ȴѶȫޡ
ޣԭ޷ټѰ㡭

֮ʱͻȻﴫҵĽŲӲתͷһӳľ˼ҹε޻Ŷ

ޡ𣿡



Գﱼ˻ޣ˫ۣŵؿſ֮ˡ
ǴϢڼžĳصţ˵

________________________________

粻Ⱦʮɽ֮ ߣ

ҵĴϢԼϣ˵µĸ棬ۼ˾ǰԥһеα

ỽȴֵǷһǰебûںͷֻ˫ۿš

ƺָֽǵȴԼʱʱʱס޶ˣҲжϲеټ١

ԭվڷĽֹֻԭأĳ֣˻ҵĴϢ޾㵵ı鼰ؿڡЩãЩ̫ʵһ侲룬Ӧˡ

ֻûǱŵޣδ֮ʲô£ȻΣֻҪƽ¾ͺá˼ˣǰ˫᲻ֻعͷ΢˻󣬲תͷվſڵޣ漴Ӳıϻһ˿Ц⣺ӭ޴ٹ

ĿתؿӦΪһȷղſ˵֮Ϊӡʲôʵֻ޲ǰԼҲ޴ڵʵԡֵѣղˣ

ǹһɣĽӳΪ֮¡˹ȻǽӣԼδ֮ʱѰšģ΢бͷЦЦؿǰ֮ˡӡ

Ӽ˷ڣǺԼż׽Զľ롣ֻƽ¾ͺãû뵽ԼķڣһΪԼŻᲽСǰֱǰվŲֻƽ¡

Ծ㶣ñڵһ仰֮̼ǵΪ˲Լд֮׷ѰԼΪԼİΣǱرء֮֮Ӷ

ӵȻƽ£㣬˵ġԭΪ뿪ԭǰлټޣҺǰϦԼ֪һ֮ƽ

굣ᡭԼԲȴڹĽӽȻͬǵģһżӰʱ͸ڵԼֻǴ˿پ׿˵ʱǸΪϲǲ˼ɣһͽӵ뻳ӡ

㡭δ䣬ѽڽӵľϣţƽ¾ͺãƽ¾ͺá

ȻܹôӵʱҪҲֻǽƽ¾ͺá㵱ڹʱԼжôԹԼĸ飬Լʧȥʹֻ֮˿ƽ¾ͺá

ԶҲ޷ǣǰԵԼ

ۼƣ۲ȴıסԼӣܵĵĻ̿֡һ䡺ƽ¡ֱý۵˵

˻Լʧٶ֮˵Ŷԣһٵظ˵ôԼİΣδ֮ʲôޣʧٵ㲻ҡЦ˵ŻȥĿ־塣

ԡȻʱʧδ֮ĹĽǰԶû˭Ҳܴꡭ޲ؽסӣϷ߰㡣

ӱĿĻٶȸеѹȻûҪӣȴԼ·ߡҲһ֮£ʱ˿ʵݲ˵¡ʵҲܵҲ㡭

֪
δ֮ʹԼѣվԼԶ˵ϵճʱټԼһ

Ǹ֮ʤԼԼΪǵΪԼİǽӿɱȵϡ

չ̾Ӵ˻ʣȴֲѷĹػ֮⡣
ᡭö˵Լδ֮˵ΪԼԣԲĺٶһ룬صʱպԼԵм飬ָ˵ڣǸ᲻Ӧ˲ġ

Ļҵ޴˿ֻܵǸֻܽĥŽӵЩİοӲʵʲô𣿡
ûСԸشֻڽĥšʲôҲûС

֪˼ɣӲ׷ʣֻƾ˵ٲʵ÷𽣵ʱεδ֮ķҲǵʮᡣ

ꡭͣ¶ȫסȴҿ֪Լʱ֮šɣµǣҲδ֮ô֪֮£ȻҲ֪еࡣʱˢʵ֪ᵽδ֮
òµġ

ΪΣصĴ𰸣ڽϡ
ǡδ꣬ޱ㼱ʵǣ
׽йûƾ㣬׼ȷĲ³Լ٣һֻһԭӲŻô¡ѵ

ħ֮Լʶߡӻ

ԣ㣬ֻеһƬհףʧģ޷ġʱҲתΪѻȸ֮Ųŵʵ֪ᡭ

վ˵ڣ޴˿顣ƺѴ˼˵ҵȴ˵

̶̵һ仰˵˼ʹͷη꣬ϣ׶Ĵ𰸣֪е࣬ҲԸδ֤ԩֻ˵Ļ

ԽӵΣεߡǸ
Ǹʲô

ᡭֹֻ׿ڸ߽ɱ˽⣬ûа취ǰжԼߣ鼱֮µţħûκκĹϵ

סȻɷֻ˵ħвķʽ¥磬Ҳµõ޻ᱻвԭ򼫿ܾǽ֮¡

ǸԽӵѯʣ˵ҲֻбǸ֡Լı࣬ôԸ߷ڵĽӣزܽԼªһ棬ô˵᲻ҪľԽԽԶʵ

ޡڵʲôɷﶼ֪£ȴԸԼôĿԣԲŻڡ
ʵʶʱ֪ԸѶаֻޣԽӲŻ᲻Ϊ⣬Żᰵ԰Լĸ齻

ᵣ겻ٰˡǰǰô˵ȴҲ˲ʲô˸ס
һİȫΪҪۺ£תءһ˲˵һʧȥ׷ءӲûжĻӦֻص

һ˲δ֮Լȴص㣬ԲŻͽʧȥǻܰʲôɸҲԸ˼Σ޴ӡһ뵽ʮԼôĻںޣ޲ø

δ֮ʲôڲ˵֮£˽겻ɣ

ᡭ£ܸҪ֪ȥ
δϣ𣿡ĸҲͬĽŶԡ

᲻ᵽ飬ֻ˱ꡭ˵˵ٴʹ

ǿҵĿ־岻ϵظȾӣӲδ֪֮ûǲ֪ãδ˵£ȴϣѶϢǲ˼ΣͼδȻδһ䲻δʲôһйص£Ż˲


ֻ޲˵Ҳǿ˳Ȼŷӱеĸԡ˵ˣػԼڣڴʱǲٶʡ˼ᣬӿЦ

Ҫ𣿡š
ǰĿԼ˵ЩǾñĹϵҲʧȥ˴˵Եʣҹǽǰ̫̫ࡣ
ޡֵͬʱӵֲ޵ıḧšĻˡ

ͻŽ˵죬ѵղΪֹԲԼˣٻ
ʮԼҪ˽ʱǽӻԼ֣ŵҵʶʱ֮ţص

ûֻ֪㲻ڵʱ䣬޲ôζа֮·ǳѣԶӦԲߡǶ޵ʧȥѶϢѰ֮⣬ֻǵȴҲֻǷɣ޷ȫƿе¡

ѵŽεĿǣ޼᲻ԣ˵ġҲãǷҲգվĽɼ
˵Ҹλش𣿡ղ˵һԼĻٴᵽ޷ٱܶˡ

˵ᣬ갮ᡭСӰ㣬ҪӸĻӦʹ˵ҲνҪİο

Ϊѡղڻ¥ʱ¶˾ôҪ⡣µͷ֮ģҲΪһֱΪҪ˵ڣôԶͷúá

ô뿪ᣬ𣿡鰮Ҫ˵ʵ֮£תֻ뿪Լͺá

ƺǺܼ򵥵Ҫ󡭡
ǰҪǼ򵥣ȴڵ֮¡Ϊһ޷ڴ˼ͣһλֿԶȴԼԮߣôʧȥҪѣҲʧȥС

ڲò뿪£Ҳܲ˼޵飬Ͼ˲ȫΪԼĹϵôԾʹ˻ȥ

ΪʲôҲĿǰΨһ֮¡

겻뿪ˣ׷ʵ

ޡʵýԻش𣬸δ֮ع֪ԭһҹҲ˵Ҫ뿪㣬ҲΪ֮ʲô룬ҲΪκ¶ٰʶ¥ޡ

Ǹ¸һӦİ⣬ڴǰϦ

ꡭ׿˵Լ˫ۣ˵ʲôδ֮ʱ⣬˼׶˵ֻòš

Цʧȥ޵ڼ䣬Ǳ侲ȴʮֵļ尾˵۷ʲô£¥Զеǽɼϲˡ

ԣ䣬˵¥꽣ɼ˶𣿡оԲֻϲ˶ѣӦǸͬڷ𽣵˲Ŷԡ

ޡͻļ֮ҪٴοʵΪѡֻһ뵽ڵҪİԼĻôҲЩ޸еµ½ķ

ٿŵȴԼ𰸵εģ¶˾ģ΢Цһֱϲ㣬ȴ˼ɶ㱣ѵĹϵҲϵһദͿźƺҸ߹Լ߹ԼԸܿͬʱҲ͹Ũҵİ⼰ռ

Ȼδ˵꣬޽ŵתϲȻǰġ

ҹĶĥҹǾף͸¶ܽԼ󰮵Ŀܣ׿˵ϲҲ˲ʲôڣޱ˫

üƿ֮ʣȴ뵽ҲҲǱֻǡ

Ľҵ⣬Լĵһ˿ܻӭֻΪƻֶеȻӦ

޵֮˽θܵйʪĴУʱʧġ˵£ѻȻ֪Լ˼ʲôֻͻȻֹͣǺӲݵƬ̵ϡϸ֮ٴζʱ벻ѵľء

ΪᣬȴЮЩǿ֮⣬ýлܾһӣԶϣһڵĵƻҲϨ΢ĹǳĹ͸Żһֽ룬谵ĺҹģ˶ԡ

˼꣬δ֮Ҳ꣬ʹ࡭˾˰ſɵãδ֮׹ʱҲйҸ⣬ޱҪıδˣԶסλȾԼߡ

֮ʹݵһ̵侲ʱʶδֻ֮ҲѣпԶ룬Ҳ޳ٳٲԭˣôȰģǺ֡һ𣿡ʵ

һʣ޵Ĳ¡겻뿪
˿̻ȵ壬͵ʱı䣬ŸӵĸܣһСıٶʧȥ㣬е¡˵˻ѣһԼʹĲѵĻԣֻΪԸ֮Լ

𣿡˵ĻĲ뿪ôҲһԼƽ֮£Ȼ˼
šԥӦ

ΪҲң㲻ʵ
ᡭ޲ԸشֻתĴʹ

Ӧֱ޵˫ס˿ڡҲ˿ĲҲٶʲôֻҪһͺáȥ齫ݱҲö֪´ܸԼһ㰲οĻֺԲΪ

ӵǵĶˣһԵĴУ޽ѹڴͻȻֹͣǡ⡣

ӡ˵һлںޣĳª껹ᰮ𣿡
ڽʣһ˿֮£͵ĵ޽֮ǰýиĻᡣΪжôİҪԼԿռϣǳԽԸκ±ܾϣǵĽ¡

üȻǲ׷ʱȻģ˵ٶı䲻˼ȳɵʵôڴ֮ʣð˼а֮ϣ޵ҲֻǾ䣬ΪޱػḺеΡĸǾʥأ˭˶з̣֮𣿡

ޣûаָ֮⣬¶޲顣ߣΪǰĸôĴ𣿡

һ粻Ⱦ֪޵⣬Ȼ֮ŵ¥˵ӰʱĸѾٵֻΪһֱǿⱣѺõĹϵԲܿƷ

ǡΪʲôԼ˽ĸԣݲԼŶԡ

رģ𣿡

޻Ȼԭ˵ر𣬶ر֮ԼһֱΪڽУֻз𽣲ȨᡭԼвرǶԼֺԻ˽

һֱţջһŲǷ£лڸļֲĻᡣΪʱδȴֻôһΣʧȥǾʲôҲȫӵС

ǵģǻһҲ죬ҲδһӣȴڡΪ˵Ӧѹְȫ˵ܱԼӵ񣬾ôһᣬϲ֮ȴҲ֡

˵ţ֮˵߾ǣָҼգһᴥָ˳ǰǻȻΪ̽Ǵ
΢Խ䱸ǽһΡȻҲڷڻü˽پܾʧȥһࡣ

ӵĺΪ𣬴뿪󾱺ת˫ˣȫھñĸ齻С˿ֻǵĶοڼ˴˲飬ȴķţȴʱƬֻʣǶˡ

Уɽ½ӵķڣ׷˿ɢͷϡأɿǰĿӣ˳ֿ£δͣǵ˫ƶڳ·սӴļϣ֮˲ȫ

΢üǰ޵˱粨һһĴϢγŰߣӿݷܶڵص֮£Ʋɵ

ҹͤѻ֮סԭץޱ۰ָڴϣ䴥Եͷ񡣽һ㶣ʮֻԼʱİ񣬽ȴԭȡ£Լڵ֮İҧʱֻһϮţ̬£ȫƤΪǺ죬Ҳ˸Ө

޵ָڽϷߣ谵ķڣ͵˵㳤﹬ƵܿӹѩķɫһȾһĺ쳱ųʱ顣

ʶʮŵԴÿÿʱ޷԰εؽΪӱˡΪ̫˹ųҲý˽һľ磬ΪӵйųĻҲ͵ӵ˽ӡȻҲֻĳ룬ȴԶԸѣŴӵĹų

ƲȻϴνǷڽѪΣԶ뽭ùųԼʱźĹųӱֻܶ˵ʵˡ

ϸĻ룬ԭʱѰʾеԼ͸ԲڶԼĴڡôԲĳŵԼȴ޷壬򽹼ָ¼ɣԼҲԼ

ڻںԼ޴ĵ£ȴ֪Ѹĳŵ˷ܵԳ֣ǲҧ˽ӵļΡɣֱýʹؽ˫ּæץס޵ֱۡ

ǸǸԣʱ޷Ϊ˵֮̽ʹԡ

Ȼ䤱ĽֻӿһۣӦָ֮⡣ҹǲ֮ҲãǱľҲգٶ޵Ķƾܡ

ܾӭϣ˵Ľҹŵ꼻ᡣȻƴ֮˽ҹľģ÷Ϊ֮֮£ôȵƣвƸĵ

йͬȴ౳ߣӵڻ´档ѷ𽱻ޱߣڽӼĿܲѵõĻ᣿ǴٴǵĽӴ֮˷۾ظת

꼻һεչգĸĦ£֮֮룬ֻΪͬʱֱ｣

ǰδе˲ȫ֮ģӿ졣Ϣ£־һһ˿Ϯҽǧѵ

ʱһ꼻ڣ뼡ǡ޲ƮĶէէȥȴֲʧ۰ϧ

Ȼ֮ʣϾӾѻûΪ֮󣬶뽣Я̫֮䣬ΪǾ⡢֮񻯾磬ΨһɵľԼ¥

ĵҡʧ齻ֹܶ鼱ٱк˳ȻطΡ֪ʱãֻһ̾ѹֵյȫšʱ֪ɽ꾹ⷬζʱ﷭ӯ졣

Ъˮʪ˱˴˵µĴ齡޴Ϣδ˾ҹ貨̤֮ǺӶȻԼ´档òʵĽԼݵİοȴ˾ñꡣ

Ϊ׷صĽӣһ̰ǸɵõΡ°ģҲԼ

ʹ֮ʱӱԼȥһϮ£ôظУķ죻ʹŵλȾӣȴʵӵзҸ

΢˫ۣ޵ףɢĳ£ƺ˵ƽټĺӢˡֻȫ̱ƣۣۡҪΪϢ֮ѵüۡǣȻŨҵǣӲƺ

ƺʶδȼմôŻᷢ£һ̨ꡣûоܾ֮⣬Ϊ֪֮󣬽ܷٸκβϣ׷븶Ҳֻд˿лôһἰοرôδ֮ǰԼٴξ黶䡢ѡһ뵽ˣӵ˫ִ޵ļ壬Ϊӣһ

ӵף޸Ϊϲҹ֮¥ͶϵЯ꣬ɽƻõĿʤڳ֮֡


һţˮıΪȻ֮
ɷ֮ףǧȣ̷룿
һǧ
ľȫ֮ӡ





粻Ⱦʮġ ߣ

ڰͻһƣ֮˲㣬иλ졣ӰѪȾķɣ˲䣬İ׵䣬һԹۿȴԮֵĿɿڴ

һ˲ͬ׼ǵճʱȫᡣ亹꣬ھͻȻſ˫ۣѹ


ӡһ֮

ǡκȻܣҹ㳤ɣôֵ׺߲ΣεĻһ亹ֵȻνͣ

̼ԻȻ֮¥ʱĬɷԼϲӡһֻѰӣ˲ֱԷȥ

˳ȣ˽ԼȻż繵һҹˮ顣ڻ᲻ӵӰѵЩȫ棿

ǸĹϵ޵ʶƺδȫصʱաԼδ֮ͣ˶ãԼڵôһ£ҵ˼С

ٴ˷ڵģһȫƽհ쳣ҡͷͼԼΪЩ˿֮ζеɦ֮ʣŷԼȫκôɶ϶ǣҹӵԼû

ȥˣƿӣƶ׼´ʱȻֽӵͷԼѹס

ͷ񣿡
ҹΪʱԼֽ£ΪоԼѹסԲŵô𣿿Ǹղ｣ӱеĲλҲͷϵ֮ѵΪõԤףһ뵽ˣ޲ԥæ´£лɷ

ܿģɷķ⣬ź漴ڣǵ˵ơɷ΢Цˡ

ҹɫţæʱĬ짶ֳԭ򣬱Žֱ֮
֪ǷѰȷ֪ɷҪȴĬԭҪѯʣڼһЦ󣬱֪Ǹðеʱñ˲Ŷԡ
ֻЩǣҶǵģΪԼˡŵٿҹȴƽ̲סؿĬ짰οãŵƽ

أʵ
ȥˡ

ţǸղŵλͽйδ֮䲻ȴҲΪѪ߶

ʹľʱղδȴȥôû׷ȥĻǲδ֮³С⣬ǲ䣿ǲ䣬ôһǳɿգ˳֮ܲʹ

ţָԼ̰ͼ˯ߣҲý״Լߡʱ뿪Ǽʱ
îʱʱ뿪ҪǲɳˣʱһʱӱǰСҪǳϢȥţʱٴΪתԼȥ֮¡

îʱ
̼ҹƺ뽣ӳãôһȥĽǼûϢˣôǱѰ

ʥ𻪵
ɷ׽ҪǰΪѪߵĹϵԲҲûжҹ˵ΣֻĬһΪС

ԣ޲šüͷΪʥ𻪵֮ȫɱӣɵ˱ػô˻аһҹѪ̷߱칬Ѫ߱ǰǲʵǲ

Ϊᱸ£ҪĬ짽½ʵǰԼһ˯˯ôľãһô뿪Լ֪

ǡӦɷæķ䡣
ȥ޸ڴϵͷ񣬻ᱻǽӲ̾ԼԵʡ갡

ϴԼлʱƺܸܵǰ˻Լʱ顣׶Է⣬ȴ֪οڣֻ˳ŵԭˡ

Ҫȥꡣ
ʹԼδȫָδ֮档



Ϊʥ𻪵λA轫ԲŵϷ˳ȫɱ⣬ӽҹʼĴо֮

𽣷˵̸󣬱ǧޱڻڰA裬Ƿһ˾ͥԺȺ˵Ϣ
λԭҹƽϺ𽣹¶Ӱں£ȡ

𽣣δ𣿡

һ𽣲ͷǶһέ磬ͰЦ쳾˽һ˽ºԼ̸

Ӧûд𻰡ŵģ֮⣬λ˵״ֻϣѾҵޣܹ

ƺǳĽӣ
ӱ˵ĵĶ󣬵֮ڽϣԽӺ֮꣬ز޲ˡ

ǵϴڻȻ֮ɽӱʱѷǳԿԿ𽣼ȫ˽ӡĹϵۣпܽӵκһڶǣλ಻Ϊɮߡ
Щ£ΪѵĲֻǽӣҲӰ˽顢նҵķ𽣷˵

²˵ġ

ȵᶨ˵ԽӵΡ޶Խӵ壬̽һέԷ𽣸ΪءǲõģħҲ֧ԮȱϯĻҵⲿ˿ɶԸǼƻõ£Ҫⳡа֮սʧ

Խӽĸһǲ軳ɡ֮ԵģΪڻȻ֮ʱ仹˵ЦʵΪ޵ʮֲÿ쿴ҹƣΪѵʵΪеᡣ

ϣӵİΣܲκвѡ޹ݵףǽӼȱ·Լô޷ܾԼΪͬ·ˡ

ŭѩɽ֮ǰǻʱ˵ҪԼе֪ԼѴ·֮ʱ˵ԶԼԼֵ塣οǰҲһ˵ŷ֮·ɼһ֮

ԼεˣԻԼԼĻ֣Žӻ֮йԼ

з仰ҲҪٶˡΪϽһǿҹǰǺʱڲӰ£еɻȻһέһ뵽᲻··˱а˵֪ӴǷֻ·

ɣƽΪɣ𽣸е졣
һέۣ紫Ϊ᲻֪£ѵ֪޶ôģʵ

᲻֪ἰ£ҲôйʵҲΪԹ˵£ǽ֪

뽣ӶʱΪɣҳʱҲе죬֮²档ҷƺԽӷǳ⣬Ҳ˵ôһ¡ʵ˵Ū˵ĸԣʱӦǸ֮һέ޷˵һˣҲ޷ͽӼôһ¡

ʶ꣬һλظ֮ˡҲ޲κθ飬Խ֮û˿Ա⡣ǵһμʱ͸оԼĵ⣬ԼԽӵ⡣

Ըоõȴֻϡ

𽣼Ȼô˵ҲҷҲظֻԽһ˰ɣһέ˵

㹻ˡ
ţΪη𽣻˵ô˵𽣵˵һέеʮֺ档

ӵˣӿӰްİƹȥ㹻ˡ
ǽӣԶκ˸ذοΪԭֳ̼һʼԿѪʱ޲ûϼ롣˽°ţ޸Ըԭ֮¡
ʱҲԼ˵κֻΪһˣּжϣĻΪӲԸϡ˵ޣȴӶԸ⸶ԭֶ㹻

ò½ӻΪۡ

һέָ⼰ħ֮ĩڵ༫пܻӳΪָĶ󡣡һλҵ֮ˣеԻ׵Ľ

𽣶ôޣôкκõǵģ뽣ӵ뷨һ¡

Ƕ޵˽⣬ҲǶԽоԵġ
֮ܶӺѲⳡսۻ֮£ҪĹؼͲ֪ΪԵʣλδǼˡ

һέˣ󡣡ѣлԡӴɡĹġ
ͻȻһέΪţתЦ˵˾͵ٲ浣㲻֪·ֱλǺ޵ıаסˡ

ֻ
δϣ漴ʵ񣿡

˷
ˣ׷ʵ

·һС鷳
С鷳ƺĻɡ

С¡Ц
ɾǴɣʲôﶼС¡һέ٩

öǰޣɼǸеա
ˡƽ˽¿Цգû뵽ڷǰҲŹԼ˵Ӻѣ㳤ϵİôҲˣ

¹ҫ¶Եʮ־Өİ񣬽ӼǳٵôҪĶ
ǵǰʹϲϵ˰ֻ˵Ҫ壬˲Żϵཻ꣬Ѿðǲɷ֣ͻȻܸеʲô㲻ڡ

Цûϵöһέ˵Ц˵Ц۾ȴ൱ļ⡣Ҵҳţˡ
Ȼô˵뵽ŷһǻ֮ǰ֮ʣæȫơ㲻·Σ˰ɣڲţȴ

лѵĹģΪΣնȥ֮ôܰȻվǰ𣿡Ц
ô˵ûǰôû뵽ҪĶ᲻Ļǽ˷ǳΣ֮¡ֻ˰ͻýе㲻һһέתЦ

һӺؿԭʱҵøϽúټɼԭеķɡ
ǰȻĽɼƺЩ

รԭմĹ⣬Ӳ˾ء
ʧʧԣֻϰ߿ˡһέò˼

ûָ֮⣬ѿɱᡣˣǵһ֮¡
ҲԣȻѴ֪ƻǵٴϸ֪С

ھһέ˵󣬺ʱ뷿Ϣֳ˽𽣶ˡ


޵ˣŶһέʱ𽣲ʡ
ҹ

ԣ΢ЦΪǺõϢ˿ƽ
ţ¡ҹܵҲǳ֮⡣ֻƺкܳʱ䲻Ϣֽ˵

δ֮֮ǰ˲ģǵ֤һ
ǵġ

ͣôõʱ䣬ƽ֪ʲô֧ôʱգ
漣ɣҲԴ¸е⣬Ķľأڲͬʱ޷ô

𽣿ĴҲԽܣԭΪΣԲ޵е

ңҸν֪ͣ𽣴˿ɻ󣬿ԼܻشҲ޲ûиκε£ôʱ֮䣬ý͵飬ҹȫἰ
һʣ»޵ġҵʱԵüΪԼܸҲֻаοѡ

ƽͺá
޻úýͽϵԡڷδǰȿ˿ڡ

šֻӦûʡ
Ѳδε״

޲ûиκ𣿡
ҲԡѸ֪£ȴֻ㱷ʷ𽣣úЦˡ

Ĳɣ
ûе£Ϊһ·еƣۣе㲻塣

ҪϢ𣿡
ݵȣһ̸̸

㵣Ŵۣ
˵ǲܡȻԷ̤δ֮ı䣬⾡ںǲɸı֮ˡδֵ֮̿ģ޷δ

ŵķɡ
ǰǱˣر׹ҰǣΪѪ֮£ҲΪԵʡ𽣣㿴Ǽӡ˵ţָ˱ǵλá

Ҫ̸󣿡
ֻͻȻ̸һ¡

ͻȻ̸һ𣿷ʵؿ˲Լڶ˵ŻۣİȴϤ



ǣɮʵ
֪Դ˲оߴ

ֻۼʵӲ֪ÿ˶Լı¡
ס

ΪҪ᣿ɮǸеɻ
Ϊʵڵ¡

ţ֪λڿ֮ˣԻ˵ݡ
˵С֪ʶԱһֱڴܼ㣬𣿡С˵Լض¡

᲻֪βšһ׷ɷ֮Լд֮ѧȴţŵ۹ʵá
˵޻̸֮˵СΪǿ֮¡

˼顣ʶ˶꣬ӲᵽЩ£Ҳ֪Сϰѧʡ˿֪ԭҺͷҵзȥԶ

Բġ֪ʶȴ١塢顢ġߵļԣ֤˰ԲЩ֮˵ҵ˼أԲоټСҾϲ۲ı仯ѧϰⷽĵ伮

š˵Ż
νʴƲµļ׻Ըǵɫ֮Ĺϵ۶ϣΪ֮չΪ۶ϳͨ

ɮֻϸţûбʾּ˵⣬͹֮ҲйϵڹгΪǾᣬǽľˮҹмһֱߵ󣬶ѧﱻΪֵļס

ֵļף

û෴ģӫģָ޶ͣΪַ֮֡νӫΪҵͲɥȶйء

ţЩжϳһЩδ֪֮£⡣ߣû˵ɻ
ңôҪʦúÿˣ΢ЦղԼ˵ʱǳרעƺЩȤ

Ҫ̵ԼЩ֪ýܻǾֻܾţŶԷĿⲻתơ
ţôźã

תָԼıǣҷпԼǵâƣΪศɵĹϵʱҾڵȴӵ˳֡˳ţָһɮߵıǡǿӵ˾㡭

ɮ߿ָӣξ۾ﵹӳһһâǶע棬ǶԼΨһ˵档

Ȼ֮ݷãҹ´ϥ̸ʱ¡



Σٴ

ִϤĵС΢Ŀ⣬˲ļʱĽڻȻ֮Լҵ˱ǣڶһΰݷҲ޵ӸԼ

ת۶ȥڽӵвٵֻԼһиֿѣȻΪҲΪԼֿĸ顣

Ҳ޲ɡһε»

һĴӦʵѣǵкα仯
˵ʲôȻҲѧ˹۲󣬵ȴ罣ӵ롣ӲǣҲƣƶʲôףܿ

ʵҵıһֱſŻǽš˵⻰ʱ鿴Ȼ
ţ𽣸е죬ЩʱҲۿӱǵ״ȴִ¡ΪӲἰ

±ûʲô˵ġԭͲ˵£ȴ̸֪

Σĳ̶Σ
ֻӰ쵽Լ߿׻˶ۡ

ԭڲʱ˵ıǴ¡нķ𣿡
ǰΪֻҪܿɡ

Ⲣܳ׽
ǲܽ⣬ҲֻԾƶӦ䡣

ǰ㲻ᣬΪǵġᣬΪ˱仯𣿡
Ǹ˼֮ˣȻȴٿڡӻΧİļġ

и˵ˣǣעԼ׽ӵĸԱΪ֮˵ǣΪԼ
Ҿ֪ô˵Цţ𽣻ʲôӦԼ˵ЩʲôʵŶܲµõۻӰǷ񲨼ޣӶᾡԼȫ

Ȼôģ£䲻ܾһ𣬵ڸϣʮ˽⡣Ҳϣܹúƽ¡

˽⡭ԼԶĶǰλ˸ʱͻٵĻر˼鰮ɮߣ˳֮ģܲ𽣺ѵĹģһֱš

šӦûлشӵĻʵеһ·˵ǲįȴΪнӵͬ·飬ʹԼһ֮ͬģڽӸԼĹذҲһֱ

ѣϣѪ߶ԿʱϧԼշ𽣵ĸԣǲԷݣܲȶ̣

𽣻ᾡΪ
һ˫أǵġͲ֪𽣺ǽ߾ȫаǾһϧԼ

Цӵ˼ϸܣΡǾ
ø𰸣ҵĹǲƬˡҪڴС֮񣬿ԶǸСķ𽣷˵

½ѭչֻܾˡ
һǵҵ뷨ˣ

𣿡
ǰҲֻοԼõģδ֮ʱһֱ˵ϣ粻飬˳ϣı⣬ô˳졢ķͬʱǺַֻҪǸı׳Ҫ൱Ĵۡ

᲻ں
Ҿ֪ô˵

ţǽӵڶô˵ʵϣǳʶʼԼе뷨㡣
ò֮ʱֻ׼ܼĽ١νĽǿԷɢģ֪

ֹ֮Լ죬ȴҪԼͬˣ᲻ҪΪֵٴܣʵϣΨһĺܹƽ¡

Үǡɼ롺𽣷˵ֵһĽǡ㡻ҪΪ᡻ֵ

ִࡣ
ԣ˵

˼ͬ
Ի𽣲

ΪԼðΣգѵܲ޵ĸˣأ
ȻվҪԼ·Ҳϧ

Լ˫Ӯ𣿡
ӻᾡΪ

ô˵𽣲Цˡ𽣲֮顣
ǸжɺҪмҶѰôҵ㹲£ͬʱҲʵŵٴ㽣ڻȻ֮ƣȻϣΪõֿѡ

һһҪЩǽӵԸ𣿶ԸҲΪԼƽСΣڷжı䡣
ʹ޵·˲·Ҳ

ûɡ˵飬ͬԼʥ֮·һ㡣
Ըлô֪ѣ

лʲô
лҵ֪

΢̧ͷ˵âȻٿһϹӡ֪˿ǷѾѹ



һ磬٤˹ڿ֮󣬰AһԲ޳ɣž֮ʱ̷칬Ϸʥҫա

޴Ʈҹ̷칬ҪĬŵǰ֧ԮһĹӰΣޣڸսʱ֮ʵڼ̷칬ʱ򲽽ǰ˵赲

ԩ·խҲҵˡη
ԭͳ첿ֵ˹ɽ£ѪϮʱø𴫴ѶϢ̷칬ˡ

ţڴ֮ý˵ţ޲üͷ裿

Ϊ£ȻҶʦ֮¡
ȻǸô˿޸ᣬһ̷ֻ칬뽣ӻ档Ҫ޷ڴʱȽͣС

ӱԣǽηǱ޴ˡ
ţһС˲֮ļ̷칬֮£޶ʱŭȻɫ

รɵķȾǲͬһԵĳҡȷ̵
ǰǵɵĽɼȡηﲻ

ǿ޽ʱ޻ǧ֮ƻ˫Ľ֡л֮ѵΪתȰĽ֮⡣

ôһ˵СͻȻ졣ʵ¼յ֮ʱǾͶͬΪ̵ĽɼźøУټ¥һ̸ǾýӷˣĽ֮ġ

ڳڻӦʱͻȻ̷칬֮ϴһȥȻ䣬գۼ䣬ؾɹΪڰ

ʲô
̷칬һƬںڣղŵȻͬ磿

ΪҹǲŻйжû뵽ڴ˽ʱ֣Ѫ߾ܹĻѪߵ


һҲ˲Ƕ˵ľǱ򲽽סηǰֹ޺ȳپݹ֡

ʦǻͷٶ
ôһ˵η뵽Сʧ󣬱Ұ´£Ҳæȥ

ԼṦֻ򲽽׾֮ң
أ׽УֻĽ١

__________________________________________ 

粻Ⱦʮ塿֮ ߣ

̷칬ϱ𣬱ҹеսϾڴ

ηа֮Ϣ酸ᶴڣȻλ⻯󷨺շȫаԱԴԴĺڰħԴʴа֮ӳûӡаʱСҲͻȻ֣ͬʱ䴥˽

أһǿ˲Са֮ӵڣаһΪҲ֮ըʱ춯أ칬ҡڻζСа֮ӷ׷ױǿԶ

ɵֵаΪʱһ̼䣬Ӧһ˲ĺ죬ͷ˻֪ѷʡ

ֱں̷칬ȫڰ֮УܿģƻҲηѪ߸ǳڶѸײڶٶȹɽ

𽣸ʱһ췲СϢλֵɡ

Ҫǰס˵ˣ𣬱а֮ӲΡҪԭԼ
ǡ

ĵǣһų磬ʥ֮Ȼһߣ켰ذնλҲԶλǰɣ鷳չС𡣡

Саʹѵ뾲ĵϢκδšκʧһаɢ֮䣬ʱȻᱻڣôͷ𽣵Ҳûκ塣

ԣ췲ٳһ󣬹ͬסϢеķӡ˿̶AĦҲһڸסа֮ӡ

ǿߣԼĮλеĵ졣ڵ֪ԼԮ֮ʱһƣǶԴǿȤҲڨЦǰ֮޴֪һӰ˲䣬仯̬Ϊ֮ˣײС
ѪǿʱֱӵķӦҲǾɱı֡

ţᷢͬʱӷսֿ

AɳƣǿвȽӶ֪ڰ֮ݺӣֹֻˮ֮ǿصĺһԶAĦʦʦ˵ļлһʱ֮酸ᶴսƽ־档

ɰӵʵرһɷ磬޾ɫģսǿߵԺڰγ嵶˲䣬һа֮һаڴʱа֮ѱǰų֮״ν棬ŷ˺Щǡ֮ʹ˫òԶ

ö֣˵

ЦӵĽ̫ᣬˮ㣬һʱҳȻԼӵвߵ벻֮ǸıҲʹԼҹս

酸ᶴһƬսս𲻶ϡϣԭʿɱݱ޷֧Ԯɱʱ䣬Աа֮ӵϢһշһаΪֻȫаΪа֮ӿʱǲȫѪͳϽ

ռƻ¸ѰΧ붴ԮŶԣԵֻжAĦʦ⼸λǿѣѵԭͻȻ

޷߷ϵаôٵõаܹ֮ʱֻܴҪһճǣκ˶˺ǣа֮ƿһаСδȫаǰٶι̷칬


һҲѸʥأ谭Ũ֮ȥֻҪҵǿߣôҲͱǹǿĺС


AĦסа֮ӵΣֵɵİΣΣʱջа֮Ӷȫԥͼ֧ǰȥԮʱɳһۣϵͳĺǳAĦķӦ뷨㣬ջרĻ䰮ӡ

ʹжɵѪףʹɵôطŭǶԼ֮겻

ӷ˶AĦĽ뼵ʣ漴֮ĹϵŶAĦʮ޳ΪAʷ˵֮ŮԱز뱣а֮ӡ̬ȴΪҳ϶ΨһߣԲòðΣձ

Ѫߵİ֮ģǼȼìܣͲ֪Ϊߵɣοһͬ壿Թ飬ôΪͬĶAĦλߵеִŶٷ

Լеĸһ˵ϣ϶Ϊ졣һˣôڷ֮صָúȥδӣAĦˣ޶Լֺγˣ

ϵ˲ڵĶȴΪΪѪ಻ôԼأζֻг˲֪ȴǵٵĵ߿ˡ

Ѳɷģ
ͻϤļнлӻع񷽼а֮ǰųֵ㲻˼Ѹܣ˰縣ɢڰС

δȣѸ׵سƣεӲŽơഥʱ˫˫˴˻ԶΪղǽле֮ʣѼֵԼⷽ

ţ˲Ǹ¥ǽӲЦǾҲϲԼղ˼ΪѪе顣ͷڼݵһ˲ķʧ񣿶ȴʧӦԭȫΪǰˡ

ݣߣʵ񣿡

һ酸ᶴʱɾϲƽ֮ʣȴҲɼӻǽӷӦ죬±Ĳֻһѡ

¡Ц

ϬĿתעݣҵġΪȴֲĽӵ״ղʲô

ӦС˾䡣
𣿡޸еɣӸǶ飬侲˼ӦСո߳ĽӴȱʵսľ顣ǵ٩

˵Ҳŵңȷʵȱٵʵս顣ʹǰҹ˵ĹϵѲǵĺѣΪԼĸΣ˵ղ˵¶

ô£ꡣ
ΣҪǱ¥粻ǰȥԮҲԸŽӵϢŻսճǡлı£ܲ߾ȫӣ

㸦δ֮δָɾңǰȥ֧Ԯ𽣡ڰ֮֮ӱûоԵİնԿøٹһ˵Ӧ


δָˣֺһ¥ѣܸʾ״áͷʹǳǿҲܷŽӶAɣΪɵа֮¡Ҫ뿪ȥ֧Ԯ𽣣

һ࣬˫ɱΪҪԼеķӦ֪Ҫ뿪Լ֮£ղ˵ЩҲʵ壬ЦǾ뽣һͬɧ

˷֮⣿š
Ļ

̸޲Ц죬ƶС
ԣﲻԾһĻľ漴
עǰͷͻȻ޺š
ԭ˸ǿԳԵʽˣ˱˿
޽̾죬ХưRӽٰ㲻ɲ⣬ƮɢӰ˷Ϲɣ֪壬ˡ

ʹʱѪߵ޵ħķ֮֮ϵֳս֡ħʥǹв飬˸г
ͻȻһ죬֮ǹ˺AĦΪߵԮ֮⣬ԼٵӰɱ֮սȴ߲˵ĺ֮

ŭ𣬶AĦ֮ٲƻԭķأҽʹδϢɹа֮ܵвAĦŭȴǲںΪһֻػ˵Զ޹ء

˽ĸԣѡôԸı䣬侲˷ŭ˼һߡ
ȻЦ쳾˶ڣа֮ӵĵϢҲûԤڵ˳ôճǸΨһ֮·ö󣬱㷢ǿƷ硢˵ʹڳԿۡڲ֪һ˲䣬酸ᶴӦ̮ȫָСӲλߣƶͬʱа塣

סа֮ӣ
˺˻ʱAĦ㣬תʦа֮ӣȴķ֮ס

ķ֮Ʈɽᰣ׽AĦԼצҰ顣ֶݣӰɷƣڴ˿̣֪Ϊ̷칬ϿѽAĦ㼱뿪ϱķ֮סϣ»ǰͷķ֮һʱȡöAĦ١

Ц쳾Ŀа֮ϣ׷֮ʣȴʦסȥ·һ뽣ɶȥһ·̺㷢ֻһˣǽӲļа֮Լ˵ȥǻǰͷǵĻֻȥˣ

ͻ̫ҲȻɫΰʹ·Уͷ֮ȴַԶʱ·ѽ룬ĪΪĹϵԲ޷ȫסƬʣ

Ҫסǿҵİգķǿջ˱֮ܣôȫָ

A⣬ѷ£ȴûǵĴ㡣Ũ֮£ԼɺɫĻմؿѪҺʱ²⣬ɽٵɲǼ䣬תķ֮лǹ

ɿЦаи߾٣ؿ֮ʹսAѪҲ׷׳Ԯ˫սúԼ֮ҲϵѪչɱ

ףħµĽ룬±ڶ޷ԮҪԭԴԴϸ࣬вûκη塣ʹؿصƶʧǲԸջͷų

ֱŨƳɫӰǶʱɲһơ漴ּü壬аһӣλ֮ˣһǰԮȴٴαķ֮ǹˣ˺֧ӣˮѪˮ

İ֮شAĦħԴ󷢣ԭչӲֻΪǰӪȴ֮赲AĦ˫Ҳ֮ˣǿ˱ɢηǿսAĦŭһץסһҧͻȻ޵֮жAĦı漴ɢ

ʧϵҲǿҵչƶɹڵصĶAĦϡAĦʹԪʧɼ״ֻа˫һȣһѪ·һգAĦٱɫ漴ס

ȫ̱΢ɻĶAĦݱԭӣƵķ˿ǰѪҺȾ졣ŲѪĶAĦᣬþ֮ᴥؿڣ̧ͷһʱĮ۵׵龹öAĦˮ̰¡

޷Ҫһ˿οҪǧĽ⡣Ȼ΢֮ʣAĦʹؿڵҲŶ¡

ֻǽƽһԼǰᣬҲΨһΥԼһô˳ǵһ㱻òȻϲĽԼԼǿҶռ

ԶŭҲĲʶᣬļʶͷ۲ѡȻ

AĦԶ½Լ򱳸ȻиʹԱΪޣ߾֮AѪԶ
ΪߵΪԼһѪߵ磬յĿȴΪȵعҡݵԶԼġ

Ǹ信ĸϲǿߣԼҳϵİ£档һȢֻΪΡҲΪĽǿߣԼһֱŬΪǿߡ

գᴥŲȶĳޡ˲䣬ǧĹ¼ֻһ飬ǧԶֻˡ

ůСΪɵõǳλȸѡĿ겻ϸ衣޾ҹ´ù¶Уȴֲй¶ۼֻߣֻġ֧ԼΪߵѾȥôֺʲôǿʲôߣ

ǵģҲô࣬ҲˡԽڴеΣýһεAа֮ӸѲɡЦƾɢյѪ߲ҽʧһֳAĦ䱧þ֮A

ľԭɲAڵȴAĦĹǴп²̵ĺڰ֮û뵽ԶAĦôôİ⣬ǻΪˣʵڲ̺

Ȼδ֮֮ԼĽı䣬ûΪAĦ֮еˣͷӿ˻䣬Ҳɽʹ

ֻʧȥֿ˲ʹֻб˲֪Լô΢A˿ɵУȴԼĸ֮£ΪǿߵǼķ̣Ҳ֤ǸаѪ֮

ΪߣҲẦ¹¼ţԲŻԼϲ˵ͬ壬ԲŻ߲øĸĸ֮ˡ

ʹʹ׳ȴҲʹȴܲǰ

ޱǣˮ£ͬٴ׼δ֮Լ㣬˵Ĳѡ

ڴʱ˽ѳAڣĽŲýҲͷǱ޵֡ѡ

޻عֻů־ǰξᡭ

ʲô
ûʲô

Ȼ˵ûʲô֪Ϊ֮¶С˿ģӦҲͬߵĸ顣ҪAҷ𽣡

ӲἰҲ˷а֮ӵ¡ߣԼ룬Լԭ֣A

һAǣһɱAдѪԺԭʿս뽣ӹ¥ĵŵڸ߸ߵλϣװѪľƱӵȥĶAĦ

Ƕ޶ˣЦȻ˿ѪлҪ˵ȴֻǵעɵӰ

ڱʱֿЯӦУսܵǣһ˯ǧΪжAĦ飬ʱļįΪжAĦܻš

밮ѺؽAǣؽճǡǻ٣ȫԼһ֡أվֻԼΨһ֮˶Լȥ˵ҲֻôһΣAĦҲ⡣

ۼAĦɹ֮࣬ȴ޷֣ܰ¶µ彥ֻʹԼӵ֮ΨһԼʱֻԼԶǧļįʹࡣ

Ҳ飬ҲбȶAĦˣҲҲ԰ѵAĦһ㡣վԭĶAĦվԼΨһ͵¡

϶˵֮ͬˣ䲻ͬͬͬȴͬͬĹԶһڵΨܲ£Ͳ֪˷

뵽ˣһħȵ˫һաв⣬űȻһ죬AըһǿĺϣӰɳʯС

µϣַ磬ɾԻԼһֽĳǱԼԼˡ

ȫصĽӣŵؿűٵAǡɻ˵ķʽԼһʵ벻

лȥģAǿԱѪߣֻҪ˳šȴAǣ˹ȥ֤顣

߲飬AĦеķԶԡҲΪ̫ɣԲŻ޷λߵ飬ԲŻ˶ʺ

ʧȥֿ˾񡭡꽣ʱʹʧȻճڷɱɱ˶ѪߣǷɱԭʿѲǵáֱˣѪҲȫĬȰԼ뿪

ص¥ҪٵһУҪ뽣ͬѨᣬȴԼʸԼԼҹĥԼԼԽӵĲתƵԼϣֱԼĵѪߡ

AΪĹΪԶAĦĸ飬ߵĹ¶е¼룿굱ԼԭҰĲʱҲе¼šΪףߴʤ飬ֻнԼףȴֲϳϡԭֻԼһ֮Ծ͸ĵߡ

ֱҵȶˣһԼȫˣȻǿҵĺøмġǽģѸϣҲģҹһʼǴްĹ¶

Ҳɣӵ
֮ľվԼ顣޵ķӦȻģδ֮ԼѾʣҲһ㵣ԼΣҲ˿̼ʧȥΪᡣ

ԣﰵԷϽ𰸣ΪֻǡҲǡһӲסתͷǰٶȥôֻٴʹ

𽣲AǣӦճǶȥһĹŷ𽣣ڴAǲɷͷųķôа֮ӦճǡǸа֮а֮ٵô𽣵Ĵ͸Σˡ

޻عѱ𣬵Ҫаδٳɣһͬճǣ²ֵѰ˵ͬ顣ȥǰ޲ͷAǵĶϱڲԫüҲš


ɵͬһѨĴӴ˲Ϊ¼Ŵɿҧ
δ֮¥ޣҸ̫ࡣ
ֻ֮ͬΪߵ˲ס
ҲðԶɣʯ





粻Ⱦʮ޵ ߣ

һЦ쳾׷ʦа֮ӶȥڽӽճʱͻŹֵŨҲͬʱɢȥ

ʦѪΪʧ٣ǻа֮ӵѪȴη⣬а֮ӱճǡ

˼֮ʱһǿĺʿӶճǵϿաʧ󣬳ԶŨ仯̼䡣

ڷԭʿ߾ʱͬʱϮа˷׷ɢ𽣰ȻӰ粻վš

漴䣬ִӵЦ𣬳һοɵĿӰ߳𽣸еȡһ·׷δAĦˣǽ޽׷ǲŶԣֺ֣

䰵Եǽ˵İΣһӣֽˮιʵֱǰ֮˷۵ķߺʱʱа֮Ӷɡ

֮ǰ酸ᶴʱǸΪҪںаɵ󡣵Ϊô̵ʱڣִڶȫаΪɵģɻ󡣻Ϊа֮ӱڳˣǺ͸ղǹɺйأ

𽣸ܵа֮ӵв뺽֡аֻ֮Ц޵˫ۻ죬ŷ𽣷˵ɱձƵڳ˱ѹ

ԭа֮ʱԼĸǰֿ֮ѵıȡԹ޳ģҲɫҪԼĸ׹磬û뵽һʧȥС

Щ谭ǵ࣬ҲʹΪ𽣷˵ɮˣҪúʵĽɼͬʧȥֿʹࡣ

һȣа֮£𽣽֮ʥֵа˵ĺ޾ɫ

Ца֮ӺɫƮаڳɳڵ˲䣬嫰վɺ޹⡣

ͬʱ䣬ѪѷӵԭʿӭǰɱС˫ֻʣ·ħĶаʥӳա

ɱ֮Χ£Ψ˴Ʈأ𽣷һָض磬ɽ˲᷸а֮δ֮ģɱŭŷ𽣣ʹ紵ԽŨҵɱ⡣

˶а֮ЪӲĹչŲ漴ڵϻַӡסа֮ӵĹ


޸ϵճǸͻȻͣס˽Ų
ôˣӶڴΣֹ֮еʣûʱ˼ֱҪ

ᵣġȻûǰ˼

ţǵģΪβǰɻؿ
˽ɻ޴ӻȡͷ񡣡˵ĶȻҲͻᾡȫаʵСսϵı仯ҲԶԼԤϣǾýӴţȽϰġ

⡭Ǳ֮ʣԸ޷
У᲻ġ̫ûг׽ΣǰǴⲻáܱꡣ

ǵʵûģֻҪǰ֧Ԯ¡
Ľüһ壬̾뽣Ӻ˭ܶǣ

ΣٶִȥҲֻ˷ʱ䣬ȡͷ񣺡ðɣʱȣһ·Σա
ѵֻз𽣶ûԼ𣿡һ·ɫţǲļҲܲ˰֮ĸܡ

ޡ
ΪѣֻǵġûаѰ񽻸ǽϵϣ£ô˿̾͸ϵϡ

ǸĮӣҲһֱԼ𽣼Ĺϵ
ûΪҪǸ޵Ķ統ʱʱݣΪʱʮֽȡ

˼ܶƺӦȴҲܾļĸܡ
ǵĹϵͬǲɸıˡֻҪϲǸ档

㰡޶ԼĳԼһӳ˵ծ֮ʵ֪Ӧ

ǾĽлʱӵ뻳ֻܵԮ𽣵ʱ䣬ЦҪмĻԶ¥ᡣ߰ɣа֮ǲǡ

΢΢ЦţԻش˱ּճǶȥ



ճ⣬ͻȻһ죬ǹа֮ӵüģȻغվתͷŭŷǹķһſģ㽫Զİ֮˹ץס

𽣽ƿֱа֮Ѿ߾ٵ֣֮䱻֮˦а֮ӷƣǿϮ𽣣𽣷һΡа֮һţļֳһѳ뺽棬ĽϾʹ˫Զ

𽣲ԸһԷսˣٴŲַӡӲսȦΪҲסа֮Լӵв֮а֮ھս֮£ǵδƣ֮ɱŨ񣬷𽣽ȴҲΪĲ֮

ս⣬ĻԶΧ˫ۣ׷ԶܴһսȦͻȻսէͣ˷а֮澫аڣؿʼҡ졢Ī⣬ѹаʹֳ֡

գۼ䣬а󣬻ڶħ࣬ͻƷĽ磬תԭʿ漴а֮Ӹɽ֮ƣдٵ֮мҳ𽣱ʮ⡣

˵ķ𽣽Ųδȣа֮Ӹվ׵ѿ׼شؿڣ𽣷ײϣ콦

а֮һ𽣸ྡѣֻΪϢ漴һϷɫĹâʱķ֫ٺɢ᲻ͷҲ˷ɢϣ𽣾Ϊ֮ԱΪа֮һ

⣬аζħƿ仯ԭʿУڽڰˡڴʱ޸һĻʱ˴ء

ķ𽣲ԼҲԼķ𽣡Ӹе׶ģԾǰסϢҵֿѡ
ˡ˵˻ʱ΢ʡ

𽣲ڻΪ޵ͬʱҪƬ̵ĵϢʱֻҪһʱ䣬ٶὣӦС

а֮һڴĽӳ֣Ц󣬵ɨӹųƮȻΣӰƻãһС֮󣬸ȫʽʽɱ֪ǰ֮Ϊӣ޷κͬ顣
һᣬâа֮ĮԴѷʤ뽩ֽš޽룬ս仯а֮Ӳη壬а֮ħΪ֣Χסˡ

뽫Ӧа֮ӣ޹裬쵶гƿ죬侲Դ

ס𽣣һҪ˼ϢķݲħңһֲԸýֱǿĶ֣Ҫ𱣻𽣰ΣΡ

СģӶ̵

䣷а֮϶졣а֮ɣ˶ֱ֮屻ħס޶Ӳа֮һƣ֮Զаּ֮޷ڽ˲䣬ƾ춯أ˫Ϊ֮𶯡

ƽһθܵ˴в亹¡սʱԲ֮Уа֮Ľϣľ

ӼѪﵣǡа֮ٴγʱųٳа֮ӹ֮ħסҼ类УеʹȴҲӽħԶ

ͻȻЪķ˫һֳַ뺹а֮ӡսٱ䣬ֶԸа֮ӣа֮ɱ˵ۣа֮Ϊǿ



ɫɷ¥Ĵſڸǻ

ɷ԰شѪͻȻĹԼսAǣǵ뽣ճǺͼһֱվſڵȴϢرʵֹǣĬҲеΪصϢҲᵽ˲صΡҪҪȥϢ

а֮һа֮£ʮġΪ߹аûй̶̬ܻжΪɽӶɾ⣬ˮΣζħһһͷţ㽫ؼаܣһ֮ͿƿأҲ¼κ

аֻ֮һڶʱȫգôҪƿؼ¡ǿĶ֣½ʱ书ǿҲʤ㡣ûϢٻشʵڵǲѡ

ҲۣͲ֪ڵˣ

ĵģڴ˵ؿżҲ޼¡ҴһЩǰ֧Ԯ¥ͷ㿴ء

һĬҪǰճǣɷＱһͬǰ
ɷᣬΨһŮԽ̵ѧ˹Ҳһĳ̶֮ϡ

ȥˣ˭ش˵أְǲãֺô˵سΪӪ
ҡ

䰮֮ﶼͷûпε˿ˣҲ뿪
⣬ǲԼðգŻҪԼס˵ıǰ٣Ͻǻ¥Ļȵȣں䱦ǡ

ʵһڴҲģһڵʱ˳ػ
ΪҷġɷＱæҡͷ

Ҫػ¥⣬ҲΪҪ㡣
Ҳ书ԼȻԼҲһǰȻ֮Ҳ¸߶

ܲʿĽ롣
˲ûгҰ

Ůӣ˲Ůս
ĬǲԸսµУǵ˶ŮԼΪǲͬͬС޲Ů˶֣ҲԼŮ˴򶷣̵ɷ﹦ȫΪбԼԲŻĬƵѵ

Ȼɷʮֻ棬ȻҲšһʼʱҪĬ짰и뱣ֱ⼸ȫˣŷ

ǡ

ǵļҪһ˿ˣֻʣˡ
šεֻõͷʵĬ˵Ҳ޵ǰȥˣ˿ܻ᲻ˡڴ˶֮ﲻ£ΨһܰĴҲֻп¥硣һ·Сġ

һᡣ˵ţ뿪ɷһſš



䣬ԻĿޣƣߵ˥а֮ѹءнףپʧܵĻ˵Ƕа֮ӡ

Ȼһ죬а֮һƻ˱ɢ׵ķ𽣵ϥأ˫Ҳ۾һգݷ֮㣬ķӦء

𽣣Ӽæס

ֿѵĽֿܵȵ¼ҵĴϢƴӵ˻˫ۡ
ֿѽݣǰϺӰķӭУײµʱ̡Ԫᣬصķֱ𣬷ֽʥͻȻֱ޶Ƶа֮Ӷȥ

һ뺴̽а֮ұؿڣа֮˫ƷֿѪа֮һ类ŭҰޣкңٴˣΣ֮ʣųѲƫда֮ӷŵ˿ڡа֮һƣнӵؿڣųһʱ޷ֻ÷ˡڸеؿʹʱŻ죬ʹڷǰа֮ٴַ

˵һɲǣֿճǵһĻ˼콣ɱа֮ӣа֮£γؿڵĹųֵһ죬Ļ𻨶ʱء

ų棬ιų֣֮Լ޲𻵹ųֵù˼Ǳг⡣

˵а֮ӣ˲ֹͣıɱ£ԼоԼ޷ȫа𽣷뺣һ֮а֮ӵͷ­ֹа֮ɢΣ˹ضʧ׼뺷а֮Ĺųס

а֮Ц͵һɱǰİ֮ˡһƳػ𽣵ؿڣķξˣʵضȫ̱ӪȵĽʹѣŭ֮£аɳնϺ󣬳ֵ·𽣵а֮ѣʱֵа³ӳԶ

а֮ӷЦ¹ųŴѵаɿǰһץס𽣣Ҫʣаڡ

ɣٴԾа֮ǰȴа֮ӷһƻɡͬʱа֮ͷ𽣵ڣٴαķֻǰһƬڰɲʱֻһ{ѩ׵ӰԼ˴ﴫ

ţȴҲʹϡ

˭˭Լ˸ͬܣ

£ʥ֮·

˭ԸԼι¶ʥ֮·

ٻô𽣻ٴ㽣ڴ˹ơ

ǸԼ÷ǳҪĺѽɼڵԼԴӦ˵²ǡ

һһĳŵڶһһε֮ٴůԼģӦǸ˻ϧԼֺԴ˿˵Ϊ

ӡԵķỽ

ںԼֵ֣ʹڴ˿̣а֮תŽЦΥҪȸĴۣ

ٴ𽣵ػȻƣ˿ϯ㡣а֮ƻӦޱߵסӲţӶʱӦķߺ޼¼š

㡭

а֮ӽ˫Ƶഥǿȴıߺ޸ӣҪܾȴ赲ˡ˲䣬޾ı˳ڽؿڣʧ֮ʹݺػӵġ޷ϧһ˲ԥö⣬ٴʹʱͻȻһʥĽа֮ӵľʱʱͣ٣

ڤڤģа֮ȫʼһаҲڵϣƼžءƶֵͬʱħѪΪڿСɢаoҲڵ˷ڡ

ӹأΪ޵ķ𽣱ڻȻϢǳ΢ǻš԰ģڳķͷϡѡϧؽлš

һӵŷ𽣣ҲǵһμǼɮ֧ľֻΪһȴΪԼǾأۡ

ʱͳŵҪҲıľ㾡ȫ޷ȱҺԻţζȥ

ֳַ߽⽣˻ŷ𽣣Ҳи̣Ҳʧȥӡƽ·񣿡

¡ӱĿҪʣæ·ס

˳£Щô˵Ϊа֮һҪһơ

ֻˡ޵ģӳǿ
Եȡ

ޡӵķӦޱ˹ҪΪˡ޻⣬ԼȾȷ𽣺𣿡

üȻ˵ñȽأҪ˽ӶǷ𽣡أ

ңԼϢˡ
޸еΣȻǽҪ֮£ܲ죿á

֪ĸΣ΢Ц鷳ˣޡ

޲㽫𽣷Ȼ˫ֽڷ𽣱ԴԴڣƷܴࡣã˽ѿ˹һέΪĵӺѣ𽣵״ˣ

ֹۣͣϢԷ𽣵еģΪаڷһϢ©ⲻᡣӦû¡

˵ôػû£ô𽣶ûϢ㣬һέĵĻû𣿡

Ϊˣķ𽣻ƽ¡
Ϣǿ־ƽȹһءڵа¾͵ÿΪաһȫպаҲ᳹ױ

Ӻѣ˵𽣲ҪΪֻͻȻ䳤ôͷһέŵõɮϵʧ书𣬶𽣵ӿʵǲ

Ϊа֮һѡɢ᲻ΪޡֻҪپһʱУ𽣱ɻָԭò

ô˵еΪģӵҲòȥأ׷š
һЦ˵Ӵˡ

ʲôʱˣ㻹ڿЦ֪ǴĬҲһҲЦǺ踣죬ȫ޴˵İæ

˴ûµͻȻԮа֮δǰǱȫ졣쵱޴̷칬ʱʵǲǰ
Ǹ򽣲⼰ħ֮¶ϵף伣ʱ֣ʵƲѡ

Цʵ޵ԮҲе졣ǺѼʱԮ𽣾ҪͬչȪˡ
ȱɣٴμʶ˴е̶塣

˵Цˡ˵ʱԵˣɵҹأ̷칬֮ϣƺǸЦ쳾һͬ׷а֮ˡ
㲻ҵһέ뵽ǸԼͬУʰЦ쳾ˣû˼Ӱ

ӵģҪɷһң
û⡣

һέһ˵꣬Ҳջֹ֣ͣͣԵķ˳ŷ𽣣еĸʮָӣһκͷô׽

ǴеֿѣȴҲʵĶ󡣻ǵĹϵΪӣҲʶĹϵҲۏ˽ˮӲ뽭ôҲһֻܳΪνֿѣ޷չܵĹϵôǸл

Ȼ˽ϣֻԼһˣվԼȷ޷ȫѷ𽣴ӽӵų֪𽣵ҪԲԼܼԼõִ⽫ӵӲΪ

Լ˽£ҲмĽΪ֮˰ɣ뵽ˣ޲̾

üĽ壬ӵģޡˣ
¡

ڴʱ֮Ҳ˵ηһޣʵ޴ûнҶʦ£

̧ͷƺ֮ǰӦѼ档ٷֽӵηϣ䡣ȻǳҪȻʦܲҪҲʱŶԡ

æﲻ񣡡
ΪаˣʵڲӦڴʱʴ¡ڵ콣ɼǰҲӸϾ˵ǽ

޽Լӣһέ״㼱æס𽣡վע֪Ҫʹ¡ֻһЦ뽣ȻŻ˵Ǹȷʵɥ֮֡

˵˻ʱĬôһԼ˳ϴ£ڵ

Ȼ㣡ηŭָ

ڵϵĽէˢԤе£޵˵ǰʱǸеʹΪʮϣ²Ϊ

ôһһɣ˵ţη޽ѳ伱æֹס֣
޵ĺͷηﲻ޲ȻðڳʿԾ̾

һԵĽӲֹͣղһٶܻᴩ治ҪȻдŽ֮ʱҲʵܡ

ʦηﲻΪҪֹԼʦΪ˵ӵеΡ
һһǿ֮£ôûҪˡ

˵ηﲻΪô
A⣬AĦҪѪʱ޾һ

ǲ㣡ʹ޲Ž˵Ҳ᲻
ʱǲûӪ㣬ӦҲˡ

ʦη뷴ֳ·ʦ˵ʱһǳΪնɱࡣ

㡭ԼֵҲô˵ηΪ֮ᡣΪʦǹ˼ӵӲ˵û뵽ҲΪ
˵ʵҡȣȻˣȴɲԭе

վԣŽ񡣡лλѵĿˡ
ꡭתͷŽӻ˵

ǰȻҵȲټƽϴ£ϣ޴гһܵҶʦĹǰǸ⡣
ţһһͬǰȥ˵ţ޵֡Ϊ״˿ĵܣڴͥ£ܸҲֻİοɼһŵǧ𡣡

˵ֵԭѲ׷ʦôʱʵǷ֮¹ʥ˵һʹҲˡ

л£ȻǶԲˣԻᾡ׵򽣲ݡ

ӵĻ־޵ĶΪƲԼΪ᲻ԭаԼû뵽ӻôԼ˵û뵽ὫԼһͬǾ䡺ǡʵ޵ݡ

ôڽ˵ˡʵʵڲҪһͬǰó޸ƣѵ壬ôҲ޿ɺǡ
ʦηƺЩʡ

ȥɣȻȥ˵Ҫн˵˶ȥη䲻Ը뿪ȴߡ

˼뿪漴ת˵ǽסӣȻľ䣬˵лꡭ

ѡĿ£ľٶʵڻᣬֲܽƿܻȥġ

Ǹ
ǸʲôҲŸøлȡ

Ầίˡ
仰ͼˡ

һέеĶûôе㺢֮ʱַֽϵͷɲǼ䣬ݷᵽʲôæͷԼú˼ȻεաǸѣҪЦ쳾æͻػȻ֮𣿡

ô鷳ԼЦ쳾ͷ𽣵Ȼ֮侲Цת޵ѣҪȥˣ㻹Ҫ𣿡

šʵʱ˱ŽӣҲһȥȻ֮Ц쳾һέҪͷ𽣣ҲͬСҪ鴦ˣϻȻ֮ݷꡣ

ôҪˡ
Ҳá᲻ãռнӣΪ𽣻Ҫչˡ֣תʮԶʰųۻҪĶأʵ᲻ùųڵϡ

лѡ
ӹ˹ųЦطȻ֮תһԵĬ짵짣鷳չǼˡ

ĬæͷӿиչҲΪġ΢Ц뿪Ĭ짵ˡ

ˡղŽıǳжΪǰôĶԴ

ǸȵˡĬ짻˵أǵԼİΣŻְء鷳ΣҪȴŻȥġ

ǡ
Ĭ짾ȣΪԼû뵽˱ûע⵽ǵ飬ûǡһЦƺѿɷ紺СЦݡ

޲ȻǳԼΪս˲أ˲棬ôЩҲֵá


ŽӼŵӰԸܵů
һм磬ôڴ¥֮ա
ֻǸû˵޷硢꣬˵ء
ڴ

____________________________________

粻Ⱦʮߡ豹 ߣ

صȻ֮ӽ𽣰ٲµɽ
ӻѡ˵أΪˮ⣬ҲΪشƫƧױ֣÷𽣰ľԼа֮

ӻصΪӡԼԪһΪѹаҵĿܣҲΪ˷ֹ˵֡

뿪ɽһέ㽣ڻȻ֮ϢҹĻʹһέ˫ۣſʵӺѣ֮£Ϊ𽣲´㻹ŵס𣿡

С¡˵ţһӣ˵ƣҹ飬Ȼ֮ĵƵŲС

Ц쳾ڻͷ𽣻󣬱ԭʿȥֻ¶һέ齣𽣡һεٲ֮ǽӴ죬Ҳ֪ɽĻȻ֮ﾹж졣

ЩСµĻҿˣ㽣ӴҲῴ

СǰţӴɡȻ

еЦǶ¿õ㣬ӵĬڽҪͷʹ˲ԾġԵģӦʱģ򲻽ֱԶսľ
˵Цˣֻһڡмҵǲ֪ѣҿԷ𽣵ĿأƺѳԼ
ӦҲֻһɹ󣬵ʿΪֵ֪ӣ

ô˵ûڱа֮ʱѵһҲ𣿡
ֻ̾Ҫˣ˭

Ҳ
ȻҴû˵Ҳʱյ֣ںҹﶶ⡣

ս֮ӿǿһҲĲʵɱոΪء
Ү룬ΪŻô

һέ룬ô˵ҲԣЦûҲ
һʼηΪδ˶£ǹһԼһ˵˶£ԼŶ¡

ǵǰ˵𲻹ԵĺͺϣԵɢȥȻ֮²ûʲôǿʱǳ뵭Ȼ縡ưӯȥ硣ڵѲͬ£ҲΪˡ

ʹΪԼȥѹҲΪԼȥ˵ѹΪλŲµһɣǶһέпǣ޹ҹȻõ·

ҲʵϽӲ˵ԵеǣҲע֮£ܵĻֻ˳С

ε˵𣿡
Ҳ

ìܡ
˭ìܣ˭һֱ·v·У

ѣôص˻˵Щ滳ǲһ𣿡ˣľҪϢĺԼ˵Ż

ĺԶһ¡

ѽ˼˵¶ͷ֮Ϊˣ
ǡ

Ϊ𽣶ҪԼҿ⣬أ
Ǻѣû֮ɡ

֪ǺѣܾﲻԾ
ԾѲ˵

ƽһһέǾʹ󷽿ںˡӣıɱ޻֮ѵȫзŭ𣿡

һһέᵽ£ӿˣڴ˿Ҳ޿ɺǡʹ˵׷̹֮±ػڽϴʱڴһ粨Ҳȫƽ

ҪΪԼ޷κϾзʱɱˡǷΪ޻Уǲûκ֤ݡ֪Լϰ䣬ӵյĹҲǺлޣҵѣ˽Ҷ뱣Ҷ֮ģڲ£Һ޵ĸܣΪֱڴ˵ǽӶԲޣ

˵ҲԣǷΪ޻Ŀǰ޷֤һέ޷˽޵뷨֮ǰ˶ԲһΪԼоԵɿд£ΪֻֻһԥôʱҲûΪ¶㿹𣿡


ʶʱ֪Ǹµ쵼ߡºҲûжвȡǰеĹϵ

˵ˣӸеʮΡΪгʱʵҲǹ޵飬ǿԺԡΪ·ʱûκжΪ˼ֶ顣

º֤ʱ޵ĳĬԼеϧпԣǹȫ֡ôҲû뵽ΪֿѵԼΪ˺

ôԴҲ𣿡
ʢʱӲţ˳Ϊ޻̸֮Ȼ̹дʱȴԵò𾪣Ҳ޵ɫģ˵ǸʱһԵĶһέؿɫתΪҰ׵Ľӣǵ벻֮顣
ܸӡֻĸּ򵥻ش

ΪΣ
ҲǶ಻죬ֻ۸졣ȻյΪµǰͣȴΪڴʱ

֪ˣʴЩʧ񣬿ǽˣԺԴ׼

Ҳ֪ʵʧʱּжϳ֮йأ˽ģϣԼ˽ģվҲֻǸиķˡ

һέֻһЦɵѣЦʲô

һέ룬ƺʲô¶ӽӶĿý˽һͬ治֪ǺεȷĴڣʵ˵ķǳ֮ĹϵԼֱӿʵĻԵöԽӲԥ֮󣬲ʵҲҶģҷ̹дʱֻһ˵ǶԽ˵˵

รӿŶһέƺҪʵʲôָо

ʵ޾Ǹҵ֮ˣҪϴ·ѡΪ̫ԼĿʹ˼ɡҹ޴δ֮ʱӲŷ޻ΪԼĹϵǲ˵ôԼҲͲ׷ʣһ׿ڸԼֻҲû뵽սһ֮ʣηʶԥع̹д¡

̹ڴڹ֮ͥ£ȷڶԼڡ᲻Ҳֻܲû뵽һԵĶһέҲ

ҲҶ˼εദУҷں㣬κˡ

ӵǣҲǻ֮ĸοӵʱ飬˭᲻ǵĹϵûͬڳİЦ쳾кο뼴ʹֱİЦ쳾ҲԴ¸еѰ

ںûΪΨһ֪ӲԵػش𣬿漴˵ţѣ޲Ҳ㲻Ϊһ֮ȴҲįˡ

į˰ɣ
һέҰȻڶΪһ󣬻ڿȻȴҲкѵңмįҰļصޣͽ˰ҵȴֹƧѣڽҲֻ뽣ӼཻӵӵӴ߸϶׽Ҳį֮

飬ߵض׸¶顣
รΪ񣬻һһεദʹ֮飿

ѵ⣬͸ȥˡ΢ЦԴ𣬶һέʻķƺѳ֮Ĺϵ̽
ѣǸˡһέͻȻ˵

õôҾ£ѣҲǺģ
˵ʲôġ

˵ڵĻס
һέʵڲ֪翪ڣΪ˽Ӻã־òܲ˵Ϊǲͬˡ

ȻأҲ̸˽ųɼԲ˽ųɼһ˳еΪ
¡ᱻ۸֧֧ģһέ˵һ뷨

ԣӲЦһέʲô²ľǵ¡޶ԼһԼ֮ĸ飬ΪԼڵĹĸеࡣѣ㲻Ҳ۸

ǲͬһέȻӳڿͷ۸Լ˵ǲɡ޼Ϊ˽һ˵ƫԣĽӻԿҪԭ

ҵĹģǺҲδԽɼ̫ûˡ
ҵȻģ̫ˣõҺʧԼһέһһģôҲ޷ֱ˵뷨

˵ʧأһֱԼµÿʵӦҲ緢ҷǳĺã𣿡
ţһέ뽣ӻôʣѵԼҲе죿

޲˺϶˵ˣġ

ԣһέ֪ԭӻǲԼ˼ʵĵһҪȫռнӵӣʵڲ֪ڡѽҸô˵أ

Ȼӷǳ棬վ׷ɵ֮ˣǲ˽ָӵ鰮һްѽôˣ治ӻô

Ǿ͵뵽˵ʱٶ˵ɣܿһ⡣
̾һέĿϵͷ񣬱ʵѣİͻȻˣ

Ļvȥˡ

ԣһέסһʱ֮Ҳ֪˵ʲôԽӶԷǳҪͻأʵڲܹ롣

ʵҲҵġӹ˵
ԡû뵽ΪΪԲô䰮ں֮ǰޱռҪķֻǽûбֳѡ

ǰһ¥ҹһŸСİˡЦ߶һέֻܳһʵ

ԭˣ컹ΪΣաһέڴ
ʹǰһһҲú˼롣ΪڼôӣҲͷڽϣ롣

¥ʲôΣգѵг˵ϻӿЦʵҪ뿪ʱΪͷ˯ѹţ޷ȡֻȥ

˵һҪԵӣʵҵġ˵ǲʣ˵˿ڡAĦӰĹϵԲŻױ뽣һ㡣

Цѡ
ôˣһỽʵе档

ƺһֱŨȤ
⡭ӲᣬҲûԴӺӴĻϣǲЦΪ̫أҲͽ֮еﲻԾԲŻһֱѻvϡֻǹֵǣҲǳҪãΪԼǲ룿ԼҲеơҶ޿ΣҪվ˺㣬𣿡

֮䣬ĽǺˣԶ˺ңɷġ

á쿴ճôӣ׷޻ӶѰƳȥ˼
𽣲ǽӵĺѣܽ鿴סʵûнӴڵĻ޾Բǵͬ·ˡ

ޣǽĸлչҡ
˵ʲôлһέչ֮һĽɼҲҡ

รչ˵ͷΣΪѵĽأ
ȻǺѽˣһέ봵ӣûȴ٩һ

ôأҪλر
ǷҪ˵ǻҪʵǷӵĿɶšң˵ĽӣȴÿÿֻҪԼڣ岻ݴǵԮְæԭʧ֧ʱ뽭Ԯʵжѡ

ڲ֣Ȼ֮ĴһأңˡЦ˵
Ҫ˳ˣһέŽղŸսа֮£ӱ֮⡣

ţԵѾҲǻصԭʱ
⡭һέü뽣Ҳδ̫Щ

ÿ˽˶ޡÿ˽ڵѾɣҲǹԲ

Լıǣаٰ뷨ڽѪ˴Σ󣬻ǴڣҲ֮вδ֡ҲʱܿҲ᲻һҲֻԵ

øǵӰĲֻǸøߺԼϵΪܵޡͷֻô»ʱٸ֪¡

է֮˵һέʵӺʱΪ۵ߣ
ɷ񶨣µŬӣǽ

һ޵߲ͬ
ƽƽ£һðˣĲͬѣò͵ʱ䵽ˣݵȣ׼Щ򵥵ʳǾͽųԡ
ѽͺáһέæӣһ׼ģ

İľ顣ﶯߣֻɷΪƵд˻ᡣ

ˣΪչ㣬ҲδǰӵҰݷʱֲܻԿ֪Ϊʮӱ㲻ǰҰҲǰޡ

ҲԡŴʦ߳գһֱˣҲлٳ
̫ûм棬û뵽һΪϵ±˶д¾ݽĵطһչˡ

ڴ
Բ˺һҲǻ

ǸлԲƴ
ˣԡҪҩĻ洫浽

ҩǶദûöһέΪԼҩԼµĺۼ󣬱ҪһԼڵ⣬ֻлҪĻһ鷳ѡ

һ˵ֻҪ㿪ڣһέض̵úúõġ
˵ţһέ˳ӻߵͤ⣬ȾҡҷҹյҹԼû뵽ҹڴ˵عʵ޳ֻҪһϢ棬ӵеһҲΪ

ΥҪȸĴۣ
а֮ӵڶϣþòȥ͵ø۱ǲɱ⣬С𽣽Ϊһа֮࣬ô޺Լøʲô

֮ȴ֮ƽ˳쾿ָ۶

ԹޣҲܸܵıʹаղܲ棬ԭΪ²޷顣

а֮ӷΪҪԼɱ飬ɱԼԸֻΪԭΪɱǡ

գӳ̾ϧɱʵ֮¡



޺Ĭ¹ʥﴦ֮£ֱҹʱ֣޲ŵԡԷϢ

ĬΪҩްԵϢĬŪе˿ڣŻڣ짡
ˣкηԸĬϵĶΪϢҾ

Ǹ˲²ŵ𣿡
ţĬ΢㶣һʱҲΪû뵽֮ǰһֱæڴˣһ˼vڽϡ

ΪƲᡣ
ԭŴ£Ĭ짴ᡣ

ô֪Ĭ짵Ĵ𰸣޷
ʵʧʱÿ춼¥磬ǳʹʲôʲôûκָ֮⡣˵۷£һͬ߹Ʋˣô㲻˴㡣

ţԭԼʧʱ˵ЩΪʲôһŷ᣿

˻ڴǰ̹н֮£ʵ˸е𾪡Ĭ짼̶˵

޿Ĭ짣е⡣ʵȻҲ˵û˭ǾʥҪ⻪ߣ֮£

Ǹϣôڽ˵ı£Ӽʹ֪Լɱ֣Իûȷ֤ΪԼվ

ʵڲٴίӣҲԼڽǰԼϡΪ֮ףǸҵЩ¶ԼԲʲôΪ̫⽣ӣԲŻӱܡ

᲻ʧȥˡ
ʵҲԲϵģҲ²˵֮Զиٴڡ

Һ˵˳õ£ڹԺܵİݣõĽ
Ὣʧȥ

šĬ룬ɷڳĻʱػֿЦġϧ¥磬ֻôȥ֮ʱԸˡ

һЦǵĸлڲСһֱΪԼ·ģȴů짣Ժٹµ¡

ˡĬ째еʮ־ȣ˵֯Ҫ׷

ǲٹЩ£а֮˽󣬽ӱزմȾ쳾ţճȻյ񵭼žӣȻҲֻз豹޵Զһ𡣡˵ţ޿ĵЦǰӦҪһ׷ҲȫЩҵʱˡ

ǡľ᲻̫Ҵ˵㣿Ƿ˼һ

һֱҪӲ뽭һֱΪǽƻеȴûʡԼһֱǸ뽭ˣǳʵҲᡣʹ£ΪΣȴ½ʵǲƽ

Ĭ짳ĬǰӲΪԼдתʵ̫ʹĬһԽܡ
짣᲻ʱ껹ԸΪ𣿻ǡ룬£ôҲǿ
˳Ͽ֮Ĭ짲˼ֻͷˣԶ¥硣

ţԣһЦĬ¥ˣȴĻųߵĵλǲ֪ɷδ㣿ȥٺúһ̸ɷԼҲǲף޻ԼԼĳ·

Ĭ΢ЦʹΪ¥֮˵⣬Ҳܴشֻͷ

ˣǵҪԱúãʹ֮ˣҪȫЭ
֪

鴦ʱǱ¥硣ϻȻ֮Žӣչ˵Ļܰġ
һᾡ콫ס

ˡ
Ҹ

⣬дŸеʱҲҪɷ׼ЩĲƷ¥ĿǰжλæأȥȻ֮
ˡ

ҪԱػȻ֮İȫһκϢҪϻر
ǡ֪˻ôǵǸδħ졣

ҹˣȥϢˡ
Ĭ짵ͷҩ뿪ķ䡣

Ĭȥޱ֣ڵĵƻſڵĬ째о䰵̲סͷһԭ˯õƵˣϰҲˣ

Ƿ豹𣿡Ĭ漴һЦȻ뿪


ҹ͸ֽҹ˵
˫ۣҲ΢΢

粻Ⱦʮ޵ ߣ

һЦ쳾׷ʦа֮ӶȥڽӽճʱͻŹֵŨҲͬʱɢȥ

ʦѪΪʧ٣ǻа֮ӵѪȴη⣬а֮ӱճǡ

˼֮ʱһǿĺʿӶճǵϿաʧ󣬳ԶŨ仯̼䡣

ڷԭʿ߾ʱͬʱϮа˷׷ɢ𽣰ȻӰ粻վš

漴䣬ִӵЦ𣬳һοɵĿӰ߳𽣸еȡһ·׷δAĦˣǽ޽׷ǲŶԣֺ֣

䰵Եǽ˵İΣһӣֽˮιʵֱǰ֮˷۵ķߺʱʱа֮Ӷɡ

֮ǰ酸ᶴʱǸΪҪںаɵ󡣵Ϊô̵ʱڣִڶȫаΪɵģɻ󡣻Ϊа֮ӱڳˣǺ͸ղǹɺйأ

𽣸ܵа֮ӵв뺽֡аֻ֮Ц޵˫ۻ죬ŷ𽣷˵ɱձƵڳ˱ѹ

ԭа֮ʱԼĸǰֿ֮ѵıȡԹ޳ģҲɫҪԼĸ׹磬û뵽һʧȥС

Щ谭ǵ࣬ҲʹΪ𽣷˵ɮˣҪúʵĽɼͬʧȥֿʹࡣ

һȣа֮£𽣽֮ʥֵа˵ĺ޾ɫ

Ца֮ӺɫƮаڳɳڵ˲䣬嫰վɺ޹⡣

ͬʱ䣬ѪѷӵԭʿӭǰɱС˫ֻʣ·ħĶаʥӳա

ɱ֮Χ£Ψ˴Ʈأ𽣷һָض磬ɽ˲᷸а֮δ֮ģɱŭŷ𽣣ʹ紵ԽŨҵɱ⡣

˶а֮ЪӲĹչŲ漴ڵϻַӡסа֮ӵĹ


޸ϵճǸͻȻͣס˽Ų
ôˣӶڴΣֹ֮еʣûʱ˼ֱҪ

ᵣġȻûǰ˼

ţǵģΪβǰɻؿ
˽ɻ޴ӻȡͷ񡣡˵ĶȻҲͻᾡȫаʵСսϵı仯ҲԶԼԤϣǾýӴţȽϰġ

⡭Ǳ֮ʣԸ޷
У᲻ġ̫ûг׽ΣǰǴⲻáܱꡣ

ǵʵûģֻҪǰ֧Ԯ¡
Ľüһ壬̾뽣Ӻ˭ܶǣ

ΣٶִȥҲֻ˷ʱ䣬ȡͷ񣺡ðɣʱȣһ·Σա
ѵֻз𽣶ûԼ𣿡һ·ɫţǲļҲܲ˰֮ĸܡ

ޡ
ΪѣֻǵġûаѰ񽻸ǽϵϣ£ô˿̾͸ϵϡ

ǸĮӣҲһֱԼ𽣼Ĺϵ
ûΪҪǸ޵Ķ統ʱʱݣΪʱʮֽȡ

˼ܶƺӦȴҲܾļĸܡ
ǵĹϵͬǲɸıˡֻҪϲǸ档

㰡޶ԼĳԼһӳ˵ծ֮ʵ֪Ӧ

ǾĽлʱӵ뻳ֻܵԮ𽣵ʱ䣬ЦҪмĻԶ¥ᡣ߰ɣа֮ǲǡ

΢΢ЦţԻش˱ּճǶȥ



ճ⣬ͻȻһ죬ǹа֮ӵüģȻغվתͷŭŷǹķһſģ㽫Զİ֮˹ץס

𽣽ƿֱа֮Ѿ߾ٵ֣֮䱻֮˦а֮ӷƣǿϮ𽣣𽣷һΡа֮һţļֳһѳ뺽棬ĽϾʹ˫Զ

𽣲ԸһԷսˣٴŲַӡӲսȦΪҲסа֮Լӵв֮а֮ھս֮£ǵδƣ֮ɱŨ񣬷𽣽ȴҲΪĲ֮

ս⣬ĻԶΧ˫ۣ׷ԶܴһսȦͻȻսէͣ˷а֮澫аڣؿʼҡ졢Ī⣬ѹаʹֳ֡

գۼ䣬а󣬻ڶħ࣬ͻƷĽ磬תԭʿ漴а֮Ӹɽ֮ƣдٵ֮мҳ𽣱ʮ⡣

˵ķ𽣽Ųδȣа֮Ӹվ׵ѿ׼شؿڣ𽣷ײϣ콦

а֮һ𽣸ྡѣֻΪϢ漴һϷɫĹâʱķ֫ٺɢ᲻ͷҲ˷ɢϣ𽣾Ϊ֮ԱΪа֮һ

⣬аζħƿ仯ԭʿУڽڰˡڴʱ޸һĻʱ˴ء

ķ𽣲ԼҲԼķ𽣡Ӹе׶ģԾǰסϢҵֿѡ
ˡ˵˻ʱ΢ʡ

𽣲ڻΪ޵ͬʱҪƬ̵ĵϢʱֻҪһʱ䣬ٶὣӦС

а֮һڴĽӳ֣Ц󣬵ɨӹųƮȻΣӰƻãһС֮󣬸ȫʽʽɱ֪ǰ֮Ϊӣ޷κͬ顣
һᣬâа֮ĮԴѷʤ뽩ֽš޽룬ս仯а֮Ӳη壬а֮ħΪ֣Χסˡ

뽫Ӧа֮ӣ޹裬쵶гƿ죬侲Դ

ס𽣣һҪ˼ϢķݲħңһֲԸýֱǿĶ֣Ҫ𱣻𽣰ΣΡ

СģӶ̵

䣷а֮϶졣а֮ɣ˶ֱ֮屻ħס޶Ӳа֮һƣ֮Զаּ֮޷ڽ˲䣬ƾ춯أ˫Ϊ֮𶯡

ƽһθܵ˴в亹¡սʱԲ֮Уа֮Ľϣľ

ӼѪﵣǡа֮ٴγʱųٳа֮ӹ֮ħסҼ类УеʹȴҲӽħԶ

ͻȻЪķ˫һֳַ뺹а֮ӡսٱ䣬ֶԸа֮ӣа֮ɱ˵ۣа֮Ϊǿ



ɫɷ¥Ĵſڸǻ

ɷ԰شѪͻȻĹԼսAǣǵ뽣ճǺͼһֱվſڵȴϢرʵֹǣĬҲеΪصϢҲᵽ˲صΡҪҪȥϢ

а֮һа֮£ʮġΪ߹аûй̶̬ܻжΪɽӶɾ⣬ˮΣζħһһͷţ㽫ؼаܣһ֮ͿƿأҲ¼κ

аֻ֮һڶʱȫգôҪƿؼ¡ǿĶ֣½ʱ书ǿҲʤ㡣ûϢٻشʵڵǲѡ

ҲۣͲ֪ڵˣ

ĵģڴ˵ؿżҲ޼¡ҴһЩǰ֧Ԯ¥ͷ㿴ء

һĬҪǰճǣɷＱһͬǰ
ɷᣬΨһŮԽ̵ѧ˹Ҳһĳ̶֮ϡ

ȥˣ˭ش˵أְǲãֺô˵سΪӪ
ҡ

䰮֮ﶼͷûпε˿ˣҲ뿪
⣬ǲԼðգŻҪԼס˵ıǰ٣Ͻǻ¥Ļȵȣں䱦ǡ

ʵһڴҲģһڵʱ˳ػ
ΪҷġɷＱæҡͷ

Ҫػ¥⣬ҲΪҪ㡣
Ҳ书ԼȻԼҲһǰȻ֮Ҳ¸߶

ܲʿĽ롣
˲ûгҰ

Ůӣ˲Ůս
ĬǲԸսµУǵ˶ŮԼΪǲͬͬС޲Ů˶֣ҲԼŮ˴򶷣̵ɷ﹦ȫΪбԼԲŻĬƵѵ

Ȼɷʮֻ棬ȻҲšһʼʱҪĬ짰и뱣ֱ⼸ȫˣŷ

ǡ

ǵļҪһ˿ˣֻʣˡ
šεֻõͷʵĬ˵Ҳ޵ǰȥˣ˿ܻ᲻ˡڴ˶֮ﲻ£ΨһܰĴҲֻп¥硣һ·Сġ

һᡣ˵ţ뿪ɷһſš



䣬ԻĿޣƣߵ˥а֮ѹءнףپʧܵĻ˵Ƕа֮ӡ

Ȼһ죬а֮һƻ˱ɢ׵ķ𽣵ϥأ˫Ҳ۾һգݷ֮㣬ķӦء

𽣣Ӽæס

ֿѵĽֿܵȵ¼ҵĴϢƴӵ˻˫ۡ
ֿѽݣǰϺӰķӭУײµʱ̡Ԫᣬصķֱ𣬷ֽʥͻȻֱ޶Ƶа֮Ӷȥ

һ뺴̽а֮ұؿڣа֮˫ƷֿѪа֮һ类ŭҰޣкңٴˣΣ֮ʣųѲƫда֮ӷŵ˿ڡа֮һƣнӵؿڣųһʱ޷ֻ÷ˡڸеؿʹʱŻ죬ʹڷǰа֮ٴַ

˵һɲǣֿճǵһĻ˼콣ɱа֮ӣа֮£γؿڵĹųֵһ죬Ļ𻨶ʱء

ų棬ιų֣֮Լ޲𻵹ųֵù˼Ǳг⡣

˵а֮ӣ˲ֹͣıɱ£ԼоԼ޷ȫа𽣷뺣һ֮а֮ӵͷ­ֹа֮ɢΣ˹ضʧ׼뺷а֮Ĺųס

а֮Ц͵һɱǰİ֮ˡһƳػ𽣵ؿڣķξˣʵضȫ̱ӪȵĽʹѣŭ֮£аɳնϺ󣬳ֵ·𽣵а֮ѣʱֵа³ӳԶ

а֮ӷЦ¹ųŴѵаɿǰһץס𽣣Ҫʣаڡ

ɣٴԾа֮ǰȴа֮ӷһƻɡͬʱа֮ͷ𽣵ڣٴαķֻǰһƬڰɲʱֻһ{ѩ׵ӰԼ˴ﴫ

ţȴҲʹϡ

˭˭Լ˸ͬܣ

£ʥ֮·

˭ԸԼι¶ʥ֮·

ٻô𽣻ٴ㽣ڴ˹ơ

ǸԼ÷ǳҪĺѽɼڵԼԴӦ˵²ǡ

һһĳŵڶһһε֮ٴůԼģӦǸ˻ϧԼֺԴ˿˵Ϊ

ӡԵķỽ

ںԼֵ֣ʹڴ˿̣а֮תŽЦΥҪȸĴۣ

ٴ𽣵ػȻƣ˿ϯ㡣а֮ƻӦޱߵסӲţӶʱӦķߺ޼¼š

㡭

а֮ӽ˫Ƶഥǿȴıߺ޸ӣҪܾȴ赲ˡ˲䣬޾ı˳ڽؿڣʧ֮ʹݺػӵġ޷ϧһ˲ԥö⣬ٴʹʱͻȻһʥĽа֮ӵľʱʱͣ٣

ڤڤģа֮ȫʼһаҲڵϣƼžءƶֵͬʱħѪΪڿСɢаoҲڵ˷ڡ

ӹأΪ޵ķ𽣱ڻȻϢǳ΢ǻš԰ģڳķͷϡѡϧؽлš

һӵŷ𽣣ҲǵһμǼɮ֧ľֻΪһȴΪԼǾأۡ

ʱͳŵҪҲıľ㾡ȫ޷ȱҺԻţζȥ

ֳַ߽⽣˻ŷ𽣣Ҳи̣Ҳʧȥӡƽ·񣿡

¡ӱĿҪʣæ·ס

˳£Щô˵Ϊа֮һҪһơ

ֻˡ޵ģӳǿ
Եȡ

ޡӵķӦޱ˹ҪΪˡ޻⣬ԼȾȷ𽣺𣿡

üȻ˵ñȽأҪ˽ӶǷ𽣡أ

ңԼϢˡ
޸еΣȻǽҪ֮£ܲ죿á

֪ĸΣ΢Ц鷳ˣޡ

޲㽫𽣷Ȼ˫ֽڷ𽣱ԴԴڣƷܴࡣã˽ѿ˹һέΪĵӺѣ𽣵״ˣ

ֹۣͣϢԷ𽣵еģΪаڷһϢ©ⲻᡣӦû¡

˵ôػû£ô𽣶ûϢ㣬һέĵĻû𣿡

Ϊˣķ𽣻ƽ¡
Ϣǿ־ƽȹһءڵа¾͵ÿΪաһȫպаҲ᳹ױ

Ӻѣ˵𽣲ҪΪֻͻȻ䳤ôͷһέŵõɮϵʧ书𣬶𽣵ӿʵǲ

Ϊа֮һѡɢ᲻ΪޡֻҪپһʱУ𽣱ɻָԭò

ô˵еΪģӵҲòȥأ׷š
һЦ˵Ӵˡ

ʲôʱˣ㻹ڿЦ֪ǴĬҲһҲЦǺ踣죬ȫ޴˵İæ

˴ûµͻȻԮа֮δǰǱȫ졣쵱޴̷칬ʱʵǲǰ
Ǹ򽣲⼰ħ֮¶ϵף伣ʱ֣ʵƲѡ

Цʵ޵ԮҲе졣ǺѼʱԮ𽣾ҪͬչȪˡ
ȱɣٴμʶ˴е̶塣

˵Цˡ˵ʱԵˣɵҹأ̷칬֮ϣƺǸЦ쳾һͬ׷а֮ˡ
㲻ҵһέ뵽ǸԼͬУʰЦ쳾ˣû˼Ӱ

ӵģҪɷһң
û⡣

һέһ˵꣬Ҳջֹ֣ͣͣԵķ˳ŷ𽣣еĸʮָӣһκͷô׽

ǴеֿѣȴҲʵĶ󡣻ǵĹϵΪӣҲʶĹϵҲۏ˽ˮӲ뽭ôҲһֻܳΪνֿѣ޷չܵĹϵôǸл

Ȼ˽ϣֻԼһˣվԼȷ޷ȫѷ𽣴ӽӵų֪𽣵ҪԲԼܼԼõִ⽫ӵӲΪ

Լ˽£ҲмĽΪ֮˰ɣ뵽ˣ޲̾

üĽ壬ӵģޡˣ
¡

ڴʱ֮Ҳ˵ηһޣʵ޴ûнҶʦ£

̧ͷƺ֮ǰӦѼ档ٷֽӵηϣ䡣ȻǳҪȻʦܲҪҲʱŶԡ

æﲻ񣡡
ΪаˣʵڲӦڴʱʴ¡ڵ콣ɼǰҲӸϾ˵ǽ

޽Լӣһέ״㼱æס𽣡վע֪Ҫʹ¡ֻһЦ뽣ȻŻ˵Ǹȷʵɥ֮֡

˵˻ʱĬôһԼ˳ϴ£ڵ

Ȼ㣡ηŭָ

ڵϵĽէˢԤе£޵˵ǰʱǸеʹΪʮϣ²Ϊ

ôһһɣ˵ţη޽ѳ伱æֹס֣
޵ĺͷηﲻ޲ȻðڳʿԾ̾

һԵĽӲֹͣղһٶܻᴩ治ҪȻдŽ֮ʱҲʵܡ

ʦηﲻΪҪֹԼʦΪ˵ӵеΡ
һһǿ֮£ôûҪˡ

˵ηﲻΪô
A⣬AĦҪѪʱ޾һ

ǲ㣡ʹ޲Ž˵Ҳ᲻
ʱǲûӪ㣬ӦҲˡ

ʦη뷴ֳ·ʦ˵ʱһǳΪնɱࡣ

㡭ԼֵҲô˵ηΪ֮ᡣΪʦǹ˼ӵӲ˵û뵽ҲΪ
˵ʵҡȣȻˣȴɲԭе

վԣŽ񡣡лλѵĿˡ
ꡭתͷŽӻ˵

ǰȻҵȲټƽϴ£ϣ޴гһܵҶʦĹǰǸ⡣
ţһһͬǰȥ˵ţ޵֡Ϊ״˿ĵܣڴͥ£ܸҲֻİοɼһŵǧ𡣡

˵ֵԭѲ׷ʦôʱʵǷ֮¹ʥ˵һʹҲˡ

л£ȻǶԲˣԻᾡ׵򽣲ݡ

ӵĻ־޵ĶΪƲԼΪ᲻ԭаԼû뵽ӻôԼ˵û뵽ὫԼһͬǾ䡺ǡʵ޵ݡ

ôڽ˵ˡʵʵڲҪһͬǰó޸ƣѵ壬ôҲ޿ɺǡ
ʦηƺЩʡ

ȥɣȻȥ˵Ҫн˵˶ȥη䲻Ը뿪ȴߡ

˼뿪漴ת˵ǽסӣȻľ䣬˵лꡭ

ѡĿ£ľٶʵڻᣬֲܽƿܻȥġ

Ǹ
ǸʲôҲŸøлȡ

Ầίˡ
仰ͼˡ

һέеĶûôе㺢֮ʱַֽϵͷɲǼ䣬ݷᵽʲôæͷԼú˼ȻεաǸѣҪЦ쳾æͻػȻ֮𣿡

ô鷳ԼЦ쳾ͷ𽣵Ȼ֮侲Цת޵ѣҪȥˣ㻹Ҫ𣿡

šʵʱ˱ŽӣҲһȥȻ֮Ц쳾һέҪͷ𽣣ҲͬСҪ鴦ˣϻȻ֮ݷꡣ

ôҪˡ
Ҳá᲻ãռнӣΪ𽣻Ҫչˡ֣תʮԶʰųۻҪĶأʵ᲻ùųڵϡ

лѡ
ӹ˹ųЦطȻ֮תһԵĬ짵짣鷳չǼˡ

ĬæͷӿиչҲΪġ΢Ц뿪Ĭ짵ˡ

ˡղŽıǳжΪǰôĶԴ

ǸȵˡĬ짻˵أǵԼİΣŻְء鷳ΣҪȴŻȥġ

ǡ
Ĭ짾ȣΪԼû뵽˱ûע⵽ǵ飬ûǡһЦƺѿɷ紺СЦݡ

޲ȻǳԼΪս˲أ˲棬ôЩҲֵá


ŽӼŵӰԸܵů
һм磬ôڴ¥֮ա
ֻǸû˵޷硢꣬˵ء
ڴ

____________________________________

粻Ⱦʮߡ豹 ߣ

صȻ֮ӽ𽣰ٲµɽ
ӻѡ˵أΪˮ⣬ҲΪشƫƧױ֣÷𽣰ľԼа֮

ӻصΪӡԼԪһΪѹаҵĿܣҲΪ˷ֹ˵֡

뿪ɽһέ㽣ڻȻ֮ϢҹĻʹһέ˫ۣſʵӺѣ֮£Ϊ𽣲´㻹ŵס𣿡

С¡˵ţһӣ˵ƣҹ飬Ȼ֮ĵƵŲС

Ц쳾ڻͷ𽣻󣬱ԭʿȥֻ¶һέ齣𽣡һεٲ֮ǽӴ죬Ҳ֪ɽĻȻ֮ﾹж졣

ЩСµĻҿˣ㽣ӴҲῴ

СǰţӴɡȻ

еЦǶ¿õ㣬ӵĬڽҪͷʹ˲ԾġԵģӦʱģ򲻽ֱԶսľ
˵Цˣֻһڡмҵǲ֪ѣҿԷ𽣵ĿأƺѳԼ
ӦҲֻһɹ󣬵ʿΪֵ֪ӣ

ô˵ûڱа֮ʱѵһҲ𣿡
ֻ̾Ҫˣ˭

Ҳ
ȻҴû˵Ҳʱյ֣ںҹﶶ⡣

ս֮ӿǿһҲĲʵɱոΪء
Ү룬ΪŻô

һέ룬ô˵ҲԣЦûҲ
һʼηΪδ˶£ǹһԼһ˵˶£ԼŶ¡

ǵǰ˵𲻹ԵĺͺϣԵɢȥȻ֮²ûʲôǿʱǳ뵭Ȼ縡ưӯȥ硣ڵѲͬ£ҲΪˡ

ʹΪԼȥѹҲΪԼȥ˵ѹΪλŲµһɣǶһέпǣ޹ҹȻõ·

ҲʵϽӲ˵ԵеǣҲע֮£ܵĻֻ˳С

ε˵𣿡
Ҳ

ìܡ
˭ìܣ˭һֱ·v·У

ѣôص˻˵Щ滳ǲһ𣿡ˣľҪϢĺԼ˵Ż

ĺԶһ¡

ѽ˼˵¶ͷ֮Ϊˣ
ǡ

Ϊ𽣶ҪԼҿ⣬أ
Ǻѣû֮ɡ

֪ǺѣܾﲻԾ
ԾѲ˵

ƽһһέǾʹ󷽿ںˡӣıɱ޻֮ѵȫзŭ𣿡

һһέᵽ£ӿˣڴ˿Ҳ޿ɺǡʹ˵׷̹֮±ػڽϴʱڴһ粨Ҳȫƽ

ҪΪԼ޷κϾзʱɱˡǷΪ޻Уǲûκ֤ݡ֪Լϰ䣬ӵյĹҲǺлޣҵѣ˽Ҷ뱣Ҷ֮ģڲ£Һ޵ĸܣΪֱڴ˵ǽӶԲޣ

˵ҲԣǷΪ޻Ŀǰ޷֤һέ޷˽޵뷨֮ǰ˶ԲһΪԼоԵɿд£ΪֻֻһԥôʱҲûΪ¶㿹𣿡


ʶʱ֪Ǹµ쵼ߡºҲûжвȡǰеĹϵ

˵ˣӸеʮΡΪгʱʵҲǹ޵飬ǿԺԡΪ·ʱûκжΪ˼ֶ顣

º֤ʱ޵ĳĬԼеϧпԣǹȫ֡ôҲû뵽ΪֿѵԼΪ˺

ôԴҲ𣿡
ʢʱӲţ˳Ϊ޻̸֮Ȼ̹дʱȴԵò𾪣Ҳ޵ɫģ˵ǸʱһԵĶһέؿɫתΪҰ׵Ľӣǵ벻֮顣
ܸӡֻĸּ򵥻ش

ΪΣ
ҲǶ಻죬ֻ۸졣ȻյΪµǰͣȴΪڴʱ

֪ˣʴЩʧ񣬿ǽˣԺԴ׼

Ҳ֪ʵʧʱּжϳ֮йأ˽ģϣԼ˽ģվҲֻǸиķˡ

һέֻһЦɵѣЦʲô

һέ룬ƺʲô¶ӽӶĿý˽һͬ治֪ǺεȷĴڣʵ˵ķǳ֮ĹϵԼֱӿʵĻԵöԽӲԥ֮󣬲ʵҲҶģҷ̹дʱֻһ˵ǶԽ˵˵

รӿŶһέƺҪʵʲôָо

ʵ޾Ǹҵ֮ˣҪϴ·ѡΪ̫ԼĿʹ˼ɡҹ޴δ֮ʱӲŷ޻ΪԼĹϵǲ˵ôԼҲͲ׷ʣһ׿ڸԼֻҲû뵽սһ֮ʣηʶԥع̹д¡

̹ڴڹ֮ͥ£ȷڶԼڡ᲻Ҳֻܲû뵽һԵĶһέҲ

ҲҶ˼εദУҷں㣬κˡ

ӵǣҲǻ֮ĸοӵʱ飬˭᲻ǵĹϵûͬڳİЦ쳾кο뼴ʹֱİЦ쳾ҲԴ¸еѰ

ںûΪΨһ֪ӲԵػش𣬿漴˵ţѣ޲Ҳ㲻Ϊһ֮ȴҲįˡ

į˰ɣ
һέҰȻڶΪһ󣬻ڿȻȴҲкѵңмįҰļصޣͽ˰ҵȴֹƧѣڽҲֻ뽣ӼཻӵӵӴ߸϶׽Ҳį֮

飬ߵض׸¶顣
รΪ񣬻һһεദʹ֮飿

ѵ⣬͸ȥˡ΢ЦԴ𣬶һέʻķƺѳ֮Ĺϵ̽
ѣǸˡһέͻȻ˵

õôҾ£ѣҲǺģ
˵ʲôġ

˵ڵĻס
һέʵڲ֪翪ڣΪ˽Ӻã־òܲ˵Ϊǲͬˡ

ȻأҲ̸˽ųɼԲ˽ųɼһ˳еΪ
¡ᱻ۸֧֧ģһέ˵һ뷨

ԣӲЦһέʲô²ľǵ¡޶ԼһԼ֮ĸ飬ΪԼڵĹĸеࡣѣ㲻Ҳ۸

ǲͬһέȻӳڿͷ۸Լ˵ǲɡ޼Ϊ˽һ˵ƫԣĽӻԿҪԭ

ҵĹģǺҲδԽɼ̫ûˡ
ҵȻģ̫ˣõҺʧԼһέһһģôҲ޷ֱ˵뷨

˵ʧأһֱԼµÿʵӦҲ緢ҷǳĺã𣿡
ţһέ뽣ӻôʣѵԼҲе죿

޲˺϶˵ˣġ

ԣһέ֪ԭӻǲԼ˼ʵĵһҪȫռнӵӣʵڲ֪ڡѽҸô˵أ

Ȼӷǳ棬վ׷ɵ֮ˣǲ˽ָӵ鰮һްѽôˣ治ӻô

Ǿ͵뵽˵ʱٶ˵ɣܿһ⡣
̾һέĿϵͷ񣬱ʵѣİͻȻˣ

Ļvȥˡ

ԣһέסһʱ֮Ҳ֪˵ʲôԽӶԷǳҪͻأʵڲܹ롣

ʵҲҵġӹ˵
ԡû뵽ΪΪԲô䰮ں֮ǰޱռҪķֻǽûбֳѡ

ǰһ¥ҹһŸСİˡЦ߶һέֻܳһʵ

ԭˣ컹ΪΣաһέڴ
ʹǰһһҲú˼롣ΪڼôӣҲͷڽϣ롣

¥ʲôΣգѵг˵ϻӿЦʵҪ뿪ʱΪͷ˯ѹţ޷ȡֻȥ

˵һҪԵӣʵҵġ˵ǲʣ˵˿ڡAĦӰĹϵԲŻױ뽣һ㡣

Цѡ
ôˣһỽʵе档

ƺһֱŨȤ
⡭ӲᣬҲûԴӺӴĻϣǲЦΪ̫أҲͽ֮еﲻԾԲŻһֱѻvϡֻǹֵǣҲǳҪãΪԼǲ룿ԼҲеơҶ޿ΣҪվ˺㣬𣿡

֮䣬ĽǺˣԶ˺ңɷġ

á쿴ճôӣ׷޻ӶѰƳȥ˼
𽣲ǽӵĺѣܽ鿴סʵûнӴڵĻ޾Բǵͬ·ˡ

ޣǽĸлչҡ
˵ʲôлһέչ֮һĽɼҲҡ

รչ˵ͷΣΪѵĽأ
ȻǺѽˣһέ봵ӣûȴ٩һ

ôأҪλر
ǷҪ˵ǻҪʵǷӵĿɶšң˵ĽӣȴÿÿֻҪԼڣ岻ݴǵԮְæԭʧ֧ʱ뽭Ԯʵжѡ

ڲ֣Ȼ֮ĴһأңˡЦ˵
Ҫ˳ˣһέŽղŸսа֮£ӱ֮⡣

ţԵѾҲǻصԭʱ
⡭һέü뽣Ҳδ̫Щ

ÿ˽˶ޡÿ˽ڵѾɣҲǹԲ

Լıǣаٰ뷨ڽѪ˴Σ󣬻ǴڣҲ֮вδ֡ҲʱܿҲ᲻һҲֻԵ

øǵӰĲֻǸøߺԼϵΪܵޡͷֻô»ʱٸ֪¡

է֮˵һέʵӺʱΪ۵ߣ
ɷ񶨣µŬӣǽ

һ޵߲ͬ
ƽƽ£һðˣĲͬѣò͵ʱ䵽ˣݵȣ׼Щ򵥵ʳǾͽųԡ
ѽͺáһέæӣһ׼ģ

İľ顣ﶯߣֻɷΪƵд˻ᡣ

ˣΪչ㣬ҲδǰӵҰݷʱֲܻԿ֪Ϊʮӱ㲻ǰҰҲǰޡ

ҲԡŴʦ߳գһֱˣҲлٳ
̫ûм棬û뵽һΪϵ±˶д¾ݽĵطһչˡ

ڴ
Բ˺һҲǻ

ǸлԲƴ
ˣԡҪҩĻ洫浽

ҩǶദûöһέΪԼҩԼµĺۼ󣬱ҪһԼڵ⣬ֻлҪĻһ鷳ѡ

һ˵ֻҪ㿪ڣһέض̵úúõġ
˵ţһέ˳ӻߵͤ⣬ȾҡҷҹյҹԼû뵽ҹڴ˵عʵ޳ֻҪһϢ棬ӵеһҲΪ

ΥҪȸĴۣ
а֮ӵڶϣþòȥ͵ø۱ǲɱ⣬С𽣽Ϊһа֮࣬ô޺Լøʲô

֮ȴ֮ƽ˳쾿ָ۶

ԹޣҲܸܵıʹаղܲ棬ԭΪ²޷顣

а֮ӷΪҪԼɱ飬ɱԼԸֻΪԭΪɱǡ

գӳ̾ϧɱʵ֮¡



޺Ĭ¹ʥﴦ֮£ֱҹʱ֣޲ŵԡԷϢ

ĬΪҩްԵϢĬŪе˿ڣŻڣ짡
ˣкηԸĬϵĶΪϢҾ

Ǹ˲²ŵ𣿡
ţĬ΢㶣һʱҲΪû뵽֮ǰһֱæڴˣһ˼vڽϡ

ΪƲᡣ
ԭŴ£Ĭ짴ᡣ

ô֪Ĭ짵Ĵ𰸣޷
ʵʧʱÿ춼¥磬ǳʹʲôʲôûκָ֮⡣˵۷£һͬ߹Ʋˣô㲻˴㡣

ţԭԼʧʱ˵ЩΪʲôһŷ᣿

˻ڴǰ̹н֮£ʵ˸е𾪡Ĭ짼̶˵

޿Ĭ짣е⡣ʵȻҲ˵û˭ǾʥҪ⻪ߣ֮£

Ǹϣôڽ˵ı£Ӽʹ֪Լɱ֣Իûȷ֤ΪԼվ

ʵڲٴίӣҲԼڽǰԼϡΪ֮ףǸҵЩ¶ԼԲʲôΪ̫⽣ӣԲŻӱܡ

᲻ʧȥˡ
ʵҲԲϵģҲ²˵֮Զиٴڡ

Һ˵˳õ£ڹԺܵİݣõĽ
Ὣʧȥ

šĬ룬ɷڳĻʱػֿЦġϧ¥磬ֻôȥ֮ʱԸˡ

һЦǵĸлڲСһֱΪԼ·ģȴů짣Ժٹµ¡

ˡĬ째еʮ־ȣ˵֯Ҫ׷

ǲٹЩ£а֮˽󣬽ӱزմȾ쳾ţճȻյ񵭼žӣȻҲֻз豹޵Զһ𡣡˵ţ޿ĵЦǰӦҪһ׷ҲȫЩҵʱˡ

ǡľ᲻̫Ҵ˵㣿Ƿ˼һ

һֱҪӲ뽭һֱΪǽƻеȴûʡԼһֱǸ뽭ˣǳʵҲᡣʹ£ΪΣȴ½ʵǲƽ

Ĭ짳ĬǰӲΪԼдתʵ̫ʹĬһԽܡ
짣᲻ʱ껹ԸΪ𣿻ǡ룬£ôҲǿ
˳Ͽ֮Ĭ짲˼ֻͷˣԶ¥硣

ţԣһЦĬ¥ˣȴĻųߵĵλǲ֪ɷδ㣿ȥٺúһ̸ɷԼҲǲף޻ԼԼĳ·

Ĭ΢ЦʹΪ¥֮˵⣬Ҳܴشֻͷ

ˣǵҪԱúãʹ֮ˣҪȫЭ
֪

鴦ʱǱ¥硣ϻȻ֮Žӣչ˵Ļܰġ
һᾡ콫ס

ˡ
Ҹ

⣬дŸеʱҲҪɷ׼ЩĲƷ¥ĿǰжλæأȥȻ֮
ˡ

ҪԱػȻ֮İȫһκϢҪϻر
ǡ֪˻ôǵǸδħ졣

ҹˣȥϢˡ
Ĭ짵ͷҩ뿪ķ䡣

Ĭȥޱ֣ڵĵƻſڵĬ째о䰵̲סͷһԭ˯õƵˣϰҲˣ

Ƿ豹𣿡Ĭ漴һЦȻ뿪


ҹ͸ֽҹ˵
˫ۣҲ΢΢




粻Ⱦʮˡ ߣ

սʱɷյ޵ţһǽԼð⣬һҪ

Ȼ֪˼ƽ£Ǽٵõκι˵ϢԽһ˵ţϲȸԾʲôʱŻɷ˵ֿ޽ĲƷ

С󣬼ֻһڼңٻĬԼԹش˵أеį
ڻȻ֮жһέչˣһ޷ġ֪£ǰȥæչˣȴְֲء

ɷ￪ŹӣѰ嵥ϵĶüһ壬ͻеԾ᲻ὣƺأɷ֪ˣЩƷرָҪģ

ҲԣصĻ˾ỹ¹ʥ󡣡ɷԸ˵˵Ц˳û뵽˻ôĲƷһ̫ĽĹϵ

ôˣǵǸġֻҪ˺ڣʲôõĵأʵɷ˵ģ⼸ʧĵ˰㣬¥ȥʲôҲֱݵϢ˿

һһʱЦţЩʱڽĶ롣ЩͦģѹҪҲȥ

ָֻ˭ЩȥأԼȻ֮ô᲻ӳ٣

Ҳþûпǰˡ
ж겻λׯϵķǰҲԼʱԼ仹С֪Ƿ񻹼ǵԼ

ôǸȥǲȥأɷﷴ룬ͻȻʲô㣬һöЦ˸òҲŶԡ
ɷ￪ĵ뿪ֿ⣬Ż˫ֱ̫ĲƷܹϡ



Ĭ짴ҴҲ¹ʥĴͻµ¡˻ţ޼̸ֹۣͣʵ짣ˣ

ˣҹǵճǲԶ﷢ֶҹ˵ʬ壬⡣
ţǽӵѣýսһ뵽ҪѰҵˣӶ൱ء֪ҹѾϢѹѪɱ𣿡

ǡ
ǣ޸еƣǵĵֻѪߣûߣ˭ɱüһš漴𡣡һ

޻һ˵ȥƮ̽ڶҹϵĲƿϸۿ˷
ù졣˵ţ΢ҹ˵½һؿϵĺۼ漴סָɱǧ

Ĭ짲⣬Ҫʱ޼

ôˣ
ħ죡

ͻĬһʱ޷⣬һϸ룬ƺ˵֮⡣˵š
죡ҪȻ֮

ħὫҹ˵ʬⶪǼżðаڷϣĿ꣬ħ֮˱ز׷˻ᡣڽҹߣĿǰҲֻнһˣôȻ֮ɾ͸ˡ

Լħαװ˵ıάάФԹԱػȻ֮ǶԵķ
뵽ˣǺ޲ԼڻȻ֮



ɷ׼öõ߳¥šأټ뽣˵ӦڻƻʱֻǷĵؽúÿ¥硣

ڱֱС·ϣʱǶգʣǳů͡Ҳ֪ǷԼ˷ܵĹϵĽŲʮֵ졣

ôͻȻ֣е𣿡Ȼż첻ھѰĵȴܾúѹʮ㡣

ͻȻǰĻӦûȲŶԡԼţҸĸоӿϣҲ

ҹ£ö룬Ҳ֪ôˡֻǹңʵڲĬ̸ЩĬҲƺû̸µ˼¥ûŮԣϲҲеܡһ˿ԸˣǼįЦš

ɷһ·󣬲֪ΪνŲͻȻֹͣ˻Ϊʲôôȴָе

ʲôΣһ˼£ЩġֻҪ˺ҸͺˣԵʲôҲ֪

Ͻʱܱ򶨣Լֺ˼ҲԼΪػĬѾ֪ǵĹϵԼŻеŤ

ԺһҪϰߵ£Ҳ롣
ʵԺһʱҲͼΪȻôԲӦţЦ紺յСŲΪӯ


Ȼ֮С·ϣһصĽŲšȻ֮ڵĽͤ⣬ϵƶ䡣̽ӹ𽣵߾ͼû뿪һƬչ

ӣϵôÿ𣿡һέҪͶȥ𽣣Ȼվͤ⣬ʵ֪ѽ˼óԷԲΪ

ЦӵҹȻ֮ǿջȻ֮İƣ齣ӵѡҹţս֮ʱҸû뵽лվղ֪ιʣڿϵƶʱͬ뷨

ˣЩĻȻ֮Ҳûдڵ塣һέ
Ҳ˻ӹܴ˵أҲߡͲ֪治ˣﵽ׻

ô˵һέһۡյĽôˣ˶ƸУǲӦչ
ҲȻ

ţͻȻˣΪ򣿡
ûʲô
ʵ֪Լˣ޲˵أΪҲûָ޵ʱ֪ñģС

ʱҲ룬Լִź𣿵ţǼ⣬ϧӵеһкá

˲һέ׷ʵ
ҹٴ˵ϢʱڲĻӦԺܿȬ

ҪҰæ˵һӹȻˣ˾ȻֻҪϢȬһˣѻ졣
ڲǰҺܴæ
Щ£͹һέæ˵ġһ϶ڳæţ˵ҪһЩرúдԼǾͻȻ֮Щ򵥵ʳģµѾ˼

С¾ͲùһҪȥϽȥԷˡ
ţʱݲ㡣еǰΪҪĹϵҲʳһ͡

Ľ飬ɼݵݱһԺȵǸһέ˵ӱɽ

ȥӰ̧ͷϵƶ䣬֪ΪͻȻлŻ⣬˳Ȼġ

Ϊһᱯˣš

ƽ£޵ҲѴþܻعԭеôִӺζС󣬴ӲĪˣһг䶨ָо
ɱ¾𣿡ͷԼ֣˴սȷʵɱ˲Ѫߡ

ԭϰ䱾Ϊߣڲѵ£ҲֻԱƱɱԼ϶

ʵʮףȻѪ뼺վԣΪʺԼĿռŬǲ̣ǿСǲĶɡа֮ӵĻԹɵĺޣǱ̭еķӦôȻĵΪԼ𺳻ôĴ

Ц̧ͷʡʱȾ޶Ƹëˣ֪Լ˿Ҳһ㣬ôԴ٩

̾˿ͤӰƮƶƶ䣬Ȼ֮ƽյ˼ΣϤĽŲתڵķ򣬽Ӱĵˡ

ǶҹˡȻ¶ϲõ΢Цƽ£
šӦ״ʮƣۣҲ㺦

ѰټȴûϢҺƽ£ôҲܷˡҹԶӺ֮ԭԭΪľ氮ޱ𡣽ӵֻżѪ߶ԼİΣԲŻһӰʱҪ˰æѰҡ
㵣ңҹ̧ͷ

ѵǻΪ㵣ġȻҶ֪ҹǺˣΪϲ׽κԭʿͬȻƫ򵥶жҲҪΪĵˣĳĬ䵭Կڡ

ҹֻ΢΢ЦţȻܣʵֻһ𣿡

Ӧ󣬱ͤڣ׼ݱ
ãġҹ˼

ôӸеʣе²ŸսӦϢٻȥ
ӵĳѱ޺

ˣıȻ޳ѱƺ件աҲʹ޳Ըƽʧ׵ʹԵĻֵǳסϼΣѪѾ̸̸

ô˵ҹסΪ˼ŵҲá

һĴӦӱתڣó󣬿ʼˮҹ˾ſеĶǵϴڴ˹ҹʱʲôʱ𣿡
Ҽǵáҹ˵ͷȻǼǵá

ʱҹ޵¡һһڻȻ֮ͣڷڳҲΪ֮·ģ֮䲢ûж̸

šҹȡͷϵĶңһԡ

ʱ㵣Ϊ֤һ¡
ȡǱ̬ȡ

лҵĹġӲûжĹԸлʱлò
ûʲôҹҡͷֵ·ϣ˽ΪɱĴԡ

š΢Цϵҹһڽ˴¡Һȡý˵½⡣
ҹԣǵͷӾ죬ôˣ

ҡ
пԣֵڽǰлֱ˵޷

ҹΪԥſڵΪʲôҪһ𣿡
ţ׶ҹǸֱˣԺͰЦ쳾еƣôҲ⡣ԵְɣЦŻش

Ҿ䲻㡣ҹ˼˵
ԣӲüͷ𡣽Ե֣ģҪἰʲô䲻⣿ãã˺лʶһˣ˽һˣϲһˣѵ֮£ֺܲϧ

ҹ˿ûзӦּ˵Ϊףһ磬Ŀȴ˳ªҰħ카ᣬֵΪ˵Ǹ
ޣﲢܡͬ˽ĳ̶Ȳһҹ˻˵ʵҲֲд֮Ҳħ£ǲܺ˹֮˽ύ

̫ˡҹ˲ΪȻ
Ц治֪͡꽻飬ĸʮ˽⣬ħ˽ƻ֮ˣʽĶ󡣡

Ȼô˵Ϊеġ
л㡣˵ţΪµһ衣Ҳģ޾Բ˺ҡ

޷ΪôǷ𽣷˵
䲻Ƿ𽣷˵Խɼȴͷ𽣷˵ͬȷڡ

һᵽ𽣣תĵˣŷ𽣷˵а֮ǿаڶˣ֪ڵˣ
лĹģӻ˵ˣͻȻо˻Ȼ֮ķΧţ

ҹ˼죬ʵôˣ
Ц˭мѱԵһ¡߳ͤ⣬ڴ漴һɫСӰ

ɷ
һڵȺԼɷ￪ĵĻţ

ǺӲᣬʵɷΪǰ
̧ӣЦҪĲƷ

Ʒû뵽ͷæµǲԼЦŽӹ֣ҪôһСǰǹⲻȥ޻ʱһúһ
ɷҡͷʵ㷢ͤˣǲ࿴һۡӼ״漴˵ҵѶҹˡ

ɷǵڵص鱨˵ǽѣֻòԵĵͷͽЩȴпڶ㡣

ͤɺã
ˡ

ôһ·ǸϢһ¡
͵͵ܳģܾôɷﲻ˼˵š

͵͵ⲻҪͶ𣿺͵͵ơ
ţҪġ˵ţæóֽݸǵ𣿡
ԭҪͻֽԼšһЦɷרΪ¶

ԭ򣬵лСӣȡһšдšЦţĵʱķӦ
ţӽӹʱɷһ㶣ʲôŷ֣֪Ҫʲô

˵ţŷ뻳ɷûм̴򿪵˼Եʧüչһ
һ˶ʱٿͺá

ǡ뿴εķӦﵱ˶˼ػ֮Ŷԡ
ðɣӦûʲôҪ֮¡ʧӷӣչʱͤڵĶҹѻ߳ͤ

ϵıû̫ı仯伱֪ȴֲҿڣֻŽơӿźֻһĹİˡ

𣿡ֻһĹɷﲻͷ졣
ɷʲôӽ뻳Сĸ˸֮£ȴֹ

ҡɷҪڣͻȻȫë𣬾ĪĲɫתΪҰסӷ״ʵôˣ

ȡ̧ͷһҹվڽӵ󣬲˫ۣ˲
ɷôˣӲԾΪɷﾡǿ־塣

ħ
ɷδϣͬʱ佣ҲܵһϮһƶǰ㣬ྡྷվڽǰɷһ죬һ죬뻳˼ʹѸٻһӣҹ˱Զ㡭

벻ҹ˻֣ʿ𷽲ɷ˵Ļħ죿

ҹ˼Ѫˮȴ״£ЦɼαװĹѷᰡ
ţӷ֮

벻СѾͷôϲᣬһϳˡ

ۼΪħģӴγѣĺӦѾѣŭ𡣵ϢòȾŭɷһˣ಻ϵڡħʧֳƹٶӷϮ

Ⱥ죬ǰѩ١ħ쿴ԼһԶԵ̬

벻ɼôǰشٳһƺ󣬾Сϧ㹦θǿûйų֣ûоԮոýɥ֡

ħٴϮʽʽȡӵΪҪضȻ׻УѪңԲɷıԼԴԴ͸壬Ա

ɷʶΪָü΢Ҫ˫ȴѱӣ򱳺ĵůҲԵģرʹеʹˮȻ¡

ķӦҲ˽ʹ޷¸õҽΣȱסǽٳɷսȦ⣬Ȼת벻¿ɶš

ͻȻ֣Ԫһᣬ˫䷭תйɽ֮ƣƵħڽڰˣֱʱӲ棬ӰͬʱԷ𿪡

ͬʱ䣬ֵķһӣڵĹųٷɴֽħһвԣ伱ȴ򲻼ųٶȣΪųĽˡ

Ӳ֮һǰǱԼ͵Ϯɷ¹ų֮˵ĲֻԼѡ

ųǰֳաų֣ռϷ硣

𣿡ˣֺһŵģѵʵ治ɲ⣿Զɵħ첻ɵ
ǲǣҲһԡ

ֻӳųȾڷƮҵķ˿Ƶ񣬻Ȼ֮Ʋַ

ħһ潻棬Ҳһμʶ֮ĺɼ˵ķɣ᲻תĿ⣬ѹ׻Ϊԡ

޻뽣ΪǱлģճһۣ˵ĹϵѳԼΧҪ֣͹ĺ¥Լ𽣷˵
һΪԹΪаֻɱ˽Ӳܴġ

Ӳһӹ⣬ųսչħ˶ʶʱʱᣬӲΪųɣ˿ħھԼʶ޷ʱѲųĽؿڡ

޷Žд˾һƣŽؿ·ȥͷ֮ǿð˲䣬ͬʱҲػӵ߹Ƕѡڱɵͬʱİ׵䣬콦



һ·ϼͻȻеۣؿڣֹס˽Ų
ˡһԵĬ짾ԣ㼱ʵôˣ

ͻȻǲԤУϣǽӳ¡޴˿絷
ģƽġ

Ҳϣƽ£ǳǵħԼһϻȻ֮ߣ˵ţԼṦȻ֮



ħ챻ų˿Ѫ죬˫Ϣ֮ʣæֹѪһȣֳӷӲӣ˲䣬Ѫɢɳܴ

ڼѪȾķǲַʱħη壬׽;ƿݣ˿ȡ
ϧ᲻ɫһЦŽӣҲϧôһλǿߣӵе

Цҵģ
޷Ĺ֮ɱ㣬ȻѰ𽣷˵ֻڻȻ֮

ħٳʱӷᶯϵɷ뻳ţͬʱȡС𽣣һСû

˲䣬סȫγһɻ֣סɷＰԼħǰȴ˲ʯ֮У

û뵽ӻȡ˼ֶΣħ첻óȻ֣תȡЦ޴һСѾͷְţйǷǳҪĴڡϧһ֮𣬾ΪССעҪʧܣħ

ЩǰǱᣬǼǷȫ뽣ӵġֻؿ֮ʹӲסӣؿڵѪ¶°౻ѪȾ졣ħ첻תҪլѰ𽣣öһέǾ㶣Ȼŭɶ񣡡ͬʱһƴħ졣

ħ챾ˣֹ˼ɶһέʶߣ㲻֮սЦﳤȥ

һέ׷ȥþȫ֮ʹֹͣ½Ųعͷӡ
ɿü˵š˿ÿһԣͻȫʹС

ҡ뿪ʱû뵽Ȼ֮ȫɫȫֲֻܿվ޴룬ʲôҲǡ

ӵԴԴʧѪ죬ʧ˵˿һƬʣʧ£ʶҲ𽥳ֿհסۣƾεسǰĻ硢ڰС

׵ûзҲûԼĺϢŲŵأͷ죬ƮɡЩļ󣬻ǵɲеĴ

ʱţʧŻԼηȴôҲֱ治ֱӯٶȸܵ΢Ϣʱٴδһľѡ

ڴ˿޺ĬѸȻ֮䷢һ·ûػʱ֪٣οǼȻ֮Ѿǣӡл֡

ͷһ𣬻Ѹٻ壬ëֻ΢΢£ȴ

ǰǰʵ˫ۡΪʱҸʱ̣ӳľİ֮ˣ

ΪʲôɷҲ֪ΪνӻȡɷＰԼֻ֪εĲпٴμճʹֻԭԤ׷ǴѪ߶Լ˽Թ

ԭ˽ӣԭʹŬվǲˡˡ

ӡʽлţֻһ˿Ϣڡ


ѪȾǷİ׵
絶ʵʹԼվһ
Ҳ˾ʹԼ
ѵҲܲ

_______________________________________

粻Ⱦʮšٺ ߣ

ճս𲻶ϣɱۣһֻ뾡ҵϤİ֮ˡ

ļٲ˿̵ľػӽɱһ˵Ѫ·ֱ㵹ڽʱֹͣӽҲٱ

ǰҵķ˿ԼѵѪ˿ڣǽ֮СӦеƮ޵ߣ䲻Ⱦ˲ŶԣǲӯưѪأ

ԼⶼΰɣҲӹӾȻȥ֮ʱежֻԼΰˣֺα⣿

ֻΣΪʲôӵԼΣ˵ʲô˵ڵԼȻִ뼺ȥΪʲôҪȴԼΪʲô

ΪʲôššҪԼǲԸӸѶϢԼ

Ŀཀྵֱҡͷ޷ʵ
صĽŲĽᴹƤšסţȴ۾ٴ޲ǰʵв֣Ҳֻһǰ

ļḧţüۣıǣĴʣȴϢذҰ׵ֻǰصѲܿԼ

棬ڣĵȴأ
˭˭ĵȴ˭Υ˱˴˵ŵԣ

ԸϢҲԸʧȥҡŰ֮ˣȻ̱վκηӦ

ꡭٿᡭ𣿡ٿԼһΣȻҪԼ˵仰ŭָ𶼺ãҪûԼӰҪҲԼ֡







ᰮꡭ֪ġ㣬һֱظš֪ġôദ֪ԼжôΪʲôô뼺ȥ

뵽ˣںͷıӽڻʹʧ

ٴᣬΪĲĴýɽΪǰƲ鰮

һ¸ҵıҲǵһ˵Լվ޷оõҲ޷

׷ĬĬغδӵʱȫʧȥ
ۡʹ˭ܶã


£ȻĿ˿̵ʹӵ޵絶ʯĥѰأճʱսսĲ˫֣ȴ򲻸ΧڿС֪˿ֻҪԼǰһӼڳ֮˽Իıըǡ

ŽӾʧѪҺҲԸճǵıٴݡ˲õΪѣ޼ΪԼһգȴֻ޴롣

Ӱһέػ޳ʱ˵оȣǵҲѵʱһέеǰδеĿ־ڻȻ֮ڡǰ֮ʱһ㱻㡣ͺáһέԼ顣

ϵĻ﻽ԨޣɻΪʲô˵Ҫչ˽ӵĶһέ˲ֳ

һέӣΣǸҲڷ̫ͣá

ԭǵȥԲŻħлɳˣֵܹתͷŽӣκεѶ棬ֻ侲Ƚӵķܹꡭ

ǵģܹһϣԼѡ

ûкúñӣŻᡭ
ûµġղӽë΢£ӦûšסֻڣǲôŶԡ

ǡ
һέĵ޸Ϊ뷳꣬սģ׵ģҪΪ䡺ǡ߽⡣û˿Դ˵š

עŽӣŽӻԼȥǸسŵ֮ˣǸظ֮ˣһΪԼֻнԸԸߡ˵

ֻǻ˵ʱԥˡ
Ϊδ֮ĽȷʵԼΪӼʹôҪŵôظ飬ε뼺ȥ

˵ɲˡԸ¥֮Ҳֻ޲ߵؿű緢ȻʹĥԼһӡ

Ӹղ赽Ҳѹ̣Ҳûһέģ

ӲǲǲܶˣʱճǵҲһֱܶԼʱþ֮˫ۿԼһۡ

ҪܶҪƽհ㿴ԼȻԼЦ̸¡ʹమҲûϵʹҲҪֻҪƽžͺáᣡġ

˵ҪԼΪͬ壬˵ԼκʧΪԼͷ

ɷҲΪҪģʧһ뵽õİ취ǣֻҪú룬һԡ

һԵĬ짼Լ޼ƿʩ琴ȥڽڵɷҲʧȶ

û뵽¥뿪һ죬Ҳû뵽Сһ𳤴ͬͻȻʧһĬ侲Ĭ짴˿ǽʧȥаĻ̿ɷ׵

Ĭ짵Ľһʯ׹ԡ˵γʯ֮ʱΧ֣ΪֻҪһᴥᱬ˫

סȫʱʹ̲֮Ϊһ֡ҲΪˣԵ֧סȫ̱ɷ

ڵ뽣ڵΪһ壬ҲֻҪͷжӱܸܵõôɷѹ߶һӵĻ
뵽ˣ޼

޼ĽлʹɷʶΪѣڸоʹ֮ʱ΢󣬱ֻȥ

Ȼɷֻ΢΢һȴڵܣ弫ΪĽüһѿʼϡԵĶ

ӰһέòзӦǴҪѹУ

һέӵĶǼеĺԼħս֮󣬶һέպôӺɽʱħѰ𽣡

ԼҲֹ׷ħ֮󣬱ȫʧȥ֪ѣʶȴҲ޷ȫѡֱڵ쳣ܣڸеͷʹʱż̶е¡

ڽŬ֮ʣţѣõޡ

ĵĽлһ˽ӵĶڣĻȻǲǣ֪ԼΪˣ˻ΪԼˣˣͲΪҹ˱ˣҲû

˵ҪȫһҲԼȻΣ֮סɷＰԼ෴ģҲǽΧס֮ߡ⿪סĻɷԻԼı޹

۰ķκβ⣬Ҳѹʱ޷ٶһһ̣ý⿪סС˼ˣӷ˫һǼ޾ǰ

һ˫ͻȻϲ񣬸ʵ꿴õ𣿡뿿ȴֲǰ

ˡֻΪʲô˻ǵ˵ҪŻôԼǻ˶ãá˿޷˵˵Ļ

ˡѣοⲻͬճǵĽȴѰõġһ־Ͱ뻳ƫƫǰĽҲá

ǰǰǵļˣһέҲ˵

ΪԼµǣӲЦݣʵڲΪԼôġǸλѵˡ

겻Ҫ˵̫໰ղѡֶ˵¶ӲŲ˵ⷬĵǸ֮޵ʧֹ

ޣףǶһέڳĻΪΣԼᡣ뵽ˣֹ̣װǿ޷ˡ

ꡭô˵۵šղŽӵǺûʲôٶǿҲܲٴȥʹ

ѣҹˡ˵ҹˣﾡǱˡΪѪ߱󣬸ҲǱ޳Ļغ֮ԭʱû뵽ȴԼиڷΣҲֲˡ


ꡭʲôʱˣڵŶҹˣѹԼ״ֺõȥΪʲôԼڵӣ֪š

ҺûҪرæעħ٣ҲΪħɱõĶ

¡޼æοӡҪ׷ԭħ¥޶˽ӼѶҹˡ

ޡ޵İοãǸлͷʵ뵽ħĽƻǻۣҪֶҹ˵ĸٲѡûж̶ҹҪرСģҲûֹ׷飬ŻɽĽ

Լ޷뿪֮ԭΪ֮ᷢ飬ڱ޳֮ҪȥһҲǵп˵ţŵʱ̵ȥ֮ˣһ޷ߵĿ࣬Ͳ֪ķǷҲԼ

һ˵Լĳ࣬ԼԼ޵˼֮顣Ҳһֱϣи˵ŻڵڶΰݷʱԼЩ¡

Ȼ˵ڻȪᣬ޷ȷǷΪĶҹˣѡа޻ĺ֮ԭΪֻҪԼһͻˣǾһĵķأҲԸû˰֮ˣ֪ʬںη⵽ħĶֻ֣ҲֻᱻڻĽҰðܻ

˵ʲôԼȴþò塣

ûʲô뵽ˣֻˮ̣ޱԼİˡۣôһ֮ģָѹ֡

ĵʹ࣬Σǲã޷ܿ
ħ޿⣬ɱĺѣ˼޹ɷɱħԱ֮

ӣһۣޱֽŵؽл
˫ۣעޣȰ´£ԾȻɷΪҪԼʱסĹش֮£ϿΣѴǸûбɷ˵

ҡͷûоñΣŻֶܴ򡣡ħĽûбɷ

Ӳ΢Ц˵ҵΡѣԵһ⿪סȾɷ

أ
ƽЦ㡣ϣȾɷԲŹ״һҪѵĹǰҽԲõҡʧȥɷԺӿɾͿˡ

֪ޱػԼΪҪѾһ򼺶ɷ޹һӱСֻϲԼҲ۵ýκβ⡣

һҽ֣࣬¥һԼ彣ǹ·ضȹʮꡣ·޻ꡣʧ֮ʹĽˣȻʧȥɷԼҲѹʧȥֿ⿪޷𣿡š

⡺ʯ١֮УǰҲֻϵĴţ޷˽⡣뽣ཻ꣬û뵽һɼ˵ϰʧ¹ҲԶԼ²֮ˡ

šӦ󣬽Ҳӽֻͣһ΢漴ס⿪ͬʱһ֣̱ɷﱧ뻳һԵĶһέҲæסĽӣеӣ

ް˵
Һ㻹ţһһέﻹʮ

Ӵˡ֫ٺԸоʹԲЦΪöһέģΪԾΣɷΪȡǽֶޣɷơ

ԣ֪޷ܾӣҪĬ짰æɷ͵£Ȼʼڡ

˵Цˣ˵ֻһ˵ģղŽӻһϢ˵ЦһέḴԭô졣

һǣҵڣˣ˵亹£е֧Ųס
˵Ƿ𣿡

ֻһ꣬Ҳ֧ŲסӣֻץŶһέֱۻ¡һέеԣʵӣôˣ
ҲֻʧѪ࣬վסˣĿƿЦһ㡣

𣿡ŵĽвϲڵÿöһέĵ

ӱĿһԵ޼ļȴֲܷɷһ̼ɷɫתΪŽæ֣Ĭ짷סɷ

ˣ
ûлشֻרĵϢ޼ԣ㰴סû뵽΢оӡ
ļŴҪʱǿ˿ڣ¡

״Ų˵û£Ϊóľ
ɷ״ˣ޵ĵǣﻹǹһشɷ

ʱ֮ݡ
ܾԾֻίкˡ

ŹȻǹǿԼȾɷԼΣ֮ʣô뵽ɷ޲Цħ˽Թ۵ꡭ

ԣӻſ˫ۣϣһέٴޣԶһέ˵ѣҿ鷳æȽɷͻطϢ𣿡

أŵס𣿡һέʵ
ڣˣḺȫɷͰˡ

˵ʲôУҲԣˣûа취ĻԼܰʲôټҲʲôҪ˵Լ뿪ȽϺáСܴˣʵǿ˵š

Ĭ짱ɷͶһέһͬڡֻʣʱ漴ȥӲѪɫա֪жൣģ

šĿӲϣټȥҲҪΪԼģת˵ѣҵͷѱħ򻵣ص飬Ҫҵȫˡ

ǲҪ궼ˣЩʲôǰ˫ܿԼҲܽԼӵлŵͷ񣬴˿ȫҪ

ţǴ޵ͷ᲻ҪԼʮ꣬ػ㲻뿪ΪԼ飬ܲ᣿޵߶ҲִţվĳЩԸִ˸ͻŲ¡

⻰ж޲֮׽Ȼĥš뽣ӾѺ¥űԼµİ䰲οԼҲŲκηӦգȻʹķ

סţȴʹţΪЩǽĸΡ

ӱָۣоǽڶΡһҹ¥ʱҲʱԼȵıϢůգҲůġ

ǰһ˹ˣӲô׽ĸܡֻϧζ޸Լٺٵô´棬ԼҲøл޵ıӡ

ͣҲܺúñΪޣл㽫ͻأűסһ

Ҫ˵ЩΪ˺𣿡ĵ״¶ѲҪ
ϴĻҡԼļǿαװӲ˿ͺŴ⿪סڽδγ֮ǰҲܽκ롣

޾㶣κܰôӸܻȥẦꡭٴ
ǽԼˣ޹أ𡣡

޹أΪᣬħŻѰ𡣡
ޣȾ˵ḧ޵ıȴû̧𣬶΢ºʵһٲֻøĴۣͬʱҲұеʹħ˵ҪԹ͸Թ𽣣ӲΪйء

˵ʲôʲôۣʲôȫ˵ʲô
СͬʱΪа࣬øĴۡǶλ˲ǲС𽣰ˣ㲻𡣡

ʲôвǲС𽣰ˣСôһ壬ǻҪӵްԼͬǲ֮УΪʲôƽ£ô˵в룬ΪβΪֵأ
ѣӣ𣿡

Ȼܡ
Ҽǲ֣ʱʹʹҲӳΪĴۡ

ֶҲԸˡ
ˣ

ꡭ˵ױڿͷռơ
ޣ˵ӦĴ֮⣬ҲҵѴһԼ׽ޣû뵽ʱ˽ѡʵѧ۲󲻾ú󣬱ѷҵıпŻǽš

ǣΪʲôԼұʱӲἰⶫĴڣΪ겻᣿

ҲԵ˵ǣԱ㲻ἰΪҲֻҪСע⣬ʱܿɡҴˣһֱΪǻǸǺ׽֮ˣ䲻ܾŵˣҲֻǼλ̫⣬û뵽Ҽħ֮С

ħĽƻͬǻǵĹ죬˷ʤⶼѲص㣬صǻǼȻˣôлضΣ

ԣᣬҲꡣ޵ʣֻ֪ڰοԼ޷ԭԼħϵŻЮԹ

𣿡Ӹо޵š
ֻӦûпڻش

ӵAҲΪAĦ֮ᡣޣǽ֮٣κ޹أȥһѹʵĵһֱԼİΣǻǻᲨߵˡǶԲסɷΪۡ

ɷ£չ˺˵ţȥ˿ڣѪҺ䲻ȴʪ͸𽣲ܰγ𣿡Сš

޷γ
Ժأ

ֻҪһγֻʣ
޷γһֱڽӵؿΪܴܴѣа취𣿡

ûУôҾҪˡЦ
˼ʵڲϲʱЦ֪ҪΪ֮˹ҽжôʹࣿ

˵İˣҲδ֮ΪԼҹԲŻôʡ񣬵顣˵š
ŵ˲֡

ޡỽ֪˿ܡӴӲûյ¡
𣿡ô˵ֻڰοԼˡ

ûˣ
޷еʧȥʹ

ȵڽӵļϣΪᣬǻֽѱѪȾ죬ҲûȡֻޣҲҹɥ޵ı֪ҹ˵£
֪ûʲôҹ˵Ĺ£ֻĽӵΣ

ԭиҸļͥİޱѪΪ˵ˣָеѹΡʮûһ֪֮֡ʹĥΪѵҳ˲⣬ʲôҲ

ô˵ԭƧĶҹҲԼһʧ֮ʹֻŶҹ˵£ӼûзӦֵҼȲôҲʹࣿ

᲻Ļϲѹ˵ֻľˮ޷ֹͣ΢ЦˣΪʲôϻ

ţڽӼҲû˵ʲôҲһʱ޷شԲֻ֮ǽٴʵ˵ͻȻ

ȻûϻشֱΪƽˣŴΪҵҹ˵ʬ塣
ԭҹ˵ʬѾҵôҲԽΪġѣҪ鷳һ¡

عʾ𣿡
šƽ⣬ûڣԼʲôһϣҲܺһ𡣡

ˣôһȥꡣΪҽҲԵķĹҪȪᡣ
۵֮ԼвҲһ

˵ġ겻ɢ
Цţֻḧ޿ıϣ̼ǲǰ¥ҹҲ˸ޡ

仰
ҡͷ⻰ȻֻǴ˿뵽βԼ˰ġüǵõģҲǡҪһֱңԴһέˣλΣҲԽˡ

Ҳں޲˶֪ɼֻһˣһέĳ֣
ǲںɽȴΪıϢһֱҾͣҲҵϣ̲ס飬һܾͼŽ¡

ꡭһ˵ΪЦ½ܻᶯ飿Ӷֻɽ⡣
ǰֻſԡȴڡӱĿҹɷ֮ôҲ޷ǡ

ԣڣھϣȻšδ֮ıΪ£ֻôһ㰲οѡ
޲ôˣЦҲҪҽ⣬ô鷳ˣ

ὣӵĿ飬ͻȻԼ֣Ҫŵٽ֣𣿡
΢΢һЦֻҪҪضԣȻͲ֪뵽ʲôޡţֻõ


ʹ̧ͷ΢ƶ䡣
ʵɽȣҲƽյԼ
ȻҪǰϢȴܾ̾ڴ˼Լο
룬´ܰģôĲ
޵գĿһһϧ֮
ֱҹɫûȻ֮ҹڣۡ




粻Ⱦʮ ߣ

콭ʢŽɼħһΣϢ

Ȼ֮һҲϵȻ֮޲ߡ𽣷˵ڵ֪ºҲ޷סаڻȻ֮һ֮£һέǰＬԮ

⽣شħ죬󣬹Ѵ¸ԭڵ֪Ϣѵõĺûᣬ޻壬ԥ

Ϊ˽թԼʱ̬˵ϲˣ֮˽±ɣȴܵõɼжϣǳ

õΣ֮˶ȨƲΨһıϡΪעǸɲĵס

ǴѪ֮ˣҲóȻ֤֮ԼΪͬ࣬ôҲͻԳ

ĵߣʵҲôɵҽֽձɽǲвڰЦ쳾δ֮ǰȻȻ֮а

һȻ֮·ľңѪ߰ߡǸеɻ󣬲Ϥĺۼ漴뵽ֻҰŰĲʮ־ϲ

Ǳаôڴ˿ϻȻ֮Ϊ˱ΪͽŹڣϲǺ޵ǼԵĹ壬Ͳ֪ǷҲаȤ

ƺҲùڵ㣬ΪԱаḶ́ȡаּʹΪãԲ֪õа಻Ƿˡ

ħ찵ϲаĽ֣֮ǵСͤʱסˡ

˴·лľȻ죬һţձԼƻĻҲһĻɱаǰɱ

ħϸ˸Ȼֽסλãʮ𾪡ΪֻҪһʹáʯ١⹦ˣ޷Ҳʧȥ˵Ҳֻ˥߶һ;ǰĽֱͦģˣɫҲԼȥʱãȻ봫˵롣

ֻսסʱС𽣲ԼءСʮ֮пʶ⣬ҲܽƱķӡͨıжѡ

ƱǷӡʱ뽫ΪСڱ֣ԼػԽ裬˲Ųò黹

ʹжˣҲС𽣾ҪĹؼǣĸвʱͻȻ˵ţʧԶӭ

ɫӰڻ߳ħĶٸмʱͻȻһϤƵöڰò

аħв˼ǰ״ʱаѳβ˦βɨħ켱æ˲Զøͣ˵

Ϊ˶޷뿪ͶµҳĻȺ򣿡þˣħ죡˵ͬʱѳħܹ

֮ʣаĹҲƶΪҪ｣æڿնϺʵͬΪʶߵ㣬ԸԸΪã

аյػشȻһƱǼдőGٵȻ֮ľ౻ɨ㵹

ʵԭΪѰȴˡս֮ʣס֮Ϻô԰Ʒ뱾Ϊ

аΪȡðƷǰȴΪ̷칬ôҲ޷ϣڸǿ

Լ뽣ӽӣΪϻؽһέС·ʱнӵ书ΪߣԵͷ

ǰ콣ʱšνԩ⼤սһʶԽãһʱ±Сһ̺󣬶ʧʶ֮ܵҲֻﱣ

˸ж²ΨһıǼǺޡС𽣵Ĵ֮رԲŻŽ˵Ϣ󣬱ǰȻ֮

ֻû뵽Ӳ紫еأҲû뵽¥޵˹ô˵áټϱУĻʺԼױˡ

Ȼ̸˺лǴлĻһҪ˳ԵԱĳޡǽɼĲΪˡ

һ뵽Щ£аΪŭ֮ѷųҶ룬ħʶһչ׻⡣ʶĽúսıаΪѪӰζ֮ʱ֣쳣һϮ룬ħ췭Ƶ¡
ߣǳ˲ٵǿߡ

ааЦʵЩ˲ʲôǰΪԼ£ܱøǿҲ

Ƶգʹ˫ս֮ǿͷϵĻവ˭ҲҵġһܳȻ֮ڲľԷǡ˷УٴμԶʱ޵ѱ˵Χħ˱б˽ӵ⡣

аβһ˦ɨħ췽ħ˹ֱ壬˫γɻϣʹñаȥ޶˷׷׺ˡ

ͬʶߣѣѷɫˡУЦŶԲԶıа˵
ɶ񣡡ͤϵıаܽȡЦʵŭǸһİƷ뱾ϣһھͳԵӡ

ɶ񺰵̫С¶ڻڵħķŭ֮ˡ
һѣѣеķΪãô˵־ӹҲסʶ޵磬Ȼ֮ʱΪڰ

ŭΣɿΣƾ죬ħ커ϡħΪˣΪһ졣

һħ컯ΪΣаϲʳǿٷʶǿ׵¡ħеʶӰʧＱȰͬǣơ

ʶʶΪ³ΪԹ֮ҪǰʱħţȡǵãгرһոպÿԽ޵İæ˳Խʶ

ڿУữʱħִأѹɳصĿռ䣬ǳɱյӰ֮硣ͬʱȻ֮Ҳʶɵס

һξ飬޶Ӱ֮䱸˼ӵİΣ뿪̫Զǽ޷ƶ뿪ԭأزΣС

һа䱻Ӱ֮ͷսʶһǱа֮¡ħʹӰ֮ʶܣŹӰѱʳһ뵽ɱħʶߵڵѪҺ͸쳣ڣԴ󷢡Ȥζ

Ϣ֮ʣʧٵħظԭΣͻȻ£ٶȣƺʤһаӰ֮粢£Դ׵Ӧ֮ʱħ챻ռٶµ׵УʱʧӰ

ͻȻڰдƷ֮ԭħڲš룬ʱԼҪȳԵ˭ȽϺãǳޣôһİƷ뱾ػᱻթĽ٣һҲΡ

Ҳ˸ǿ󣬿̷칬ץСٷһΣֻħǸζȣǰԵýΪζ

˼׷ף֮ʱɫ֪ΪλԼıаβͱˣ¡ɶ񣡡ս֮ϹȻ˿

Ӱ֮ڶ񶷼ͻȻǿķɼƿն룬ԾڿնܷɼħûЮֽԱԼ˲ſñаĵҶѹ

֣ŭ
ҵģ붯֣һҪĹħʲôʬԶҲֻӣûʲôֿԡ

ģҲÿԸԸ⡣ħ첻м
£ʱȳٳ޴ĽӣﻹҪͬ⣿ҪԵ֮ǰȳħǿԼʶ

ħǿߣȻҲλΪģӰʮǣƻסӵޣͰܱ

аԪٿٶħܻʱʱ䡢ռ䶳ᣬħ⣬Ӱ֮ڵȫá

ЧħϲȡȻ£һƺ˲ܶıааŻѪ˲䣬гܵȳζħתһƽʱնʱֻһγС𽣣Ѫٶʱռʱ߽⡣ӶѸ٣ħ첻գ֮ʣѽС𽣴ؿڡ

㡭벻ӻγС𽣣벻ӻʩչħ˵ڶ֣Ӱ֮Ѿаķ׵Ҳʧ㲻Ҫˣ
һһȪ·鲻į

ͬʱ䣬䲻ģһ룬ĲۣѪ罦ýǡѪħ̬񣬺ްνͬʱ˿ڳǰ뽣˳嵽Զڵϡ

аʧβһ˦ס˷ħ죬뽫һ£ӰʮֵķɼаæԵҶйɼԴӰʮ˵ء

ڴ谭£аʧħҲ˹ķӦͳİħ࣬С𽣣ҪγͻȻȻһ죬屬ըаβ˱ǿˣҲҽ

žеĻֳ֮ΪѪȵ޳ڼսֹ֮ƽյľ
ǻȻ֮ԭòȴƵ˵类ա



ۼ滨ݣζđ亱ɾ

ʱľɫ仯ȻǾڴ˵صĺɡֻҪһһı䡣

ⲻȾ׵ɾƽճˮ⣬Ǹ֮ĵط

ҪػȻ֮Żɫ޵ڶİ֮ˡǷʣȴ֮⡣

ʣ̸г˷緶뽣ŰĽ飬ȴҲʮ겻ĺѡȻʮ겻ôάϵԺδҪ׷ΨһĴӦʱĽ

ʱˡЦΪȲ裬ÿ춼Ϊݲ裬Ȼⲻϱ仯ľ˵Ż


̫ˡĲ豭΢üɫ峺Өڸ䣶ԴɬǲᣬԹ޵˵˻ʱĸо
𣿡

̾Ȼϵơѣס꣬Ϊʲô뿪

嫺ȡʥˮȻ֮󣬽ӱڴ˵رչ֮áò׵ȵأԺú겻飬ȴûϵֻԼദʱ󣬾뿪ͷ

ٴȥΪĺѵңΪڴ޵ԹĶ󡣡

͵ʱʥٿҪԼڴסһ꣬ſϾˡʵֻǽҪԼˣ޵ʱûдӦҲ˹Ľ飬ʥҲԼ

Ҫڼ뿪ҲŻԹ˵׻ͬʱһϵƻΪˮ״˳ɽζӿٲк

Цʮ겻Ѹĵزȸɫʡ

֪ʲôҡͷ̾˵
ţ˵

λ𣿡Ȼڱа취֪ԭ֮£Ȼ˵زǷǣϢڶε֮ҲֻԼ֪ӲʣҲ͡

ֻغǱаķ𽣷˵ޡȻһס¥ȴԼ

ŲµģӦֻǷ𽣷˵ɣ̽š

ѣôҳغ⼸޵̸˵˵ŶԡʥٵıӰüϤİ̫òڣȴ˵ڵС

ǰΪʲôԭ˹أ̸ĻȻ𽣷˵أ

Ӳ뽭Ϣʱ죬֪Է𽣷˵ںһƱػ롣ǵִ¥ҲΪֿʱ;ʮ־㵡

˵ʮǰ¥뱱ʳүŽ飬ǸóȨıļ֮ĽɼԺ˳ϹϵﻹŻҲ仪ļƭ

ֱͽǰ佹ͨʱʥٲ²Ϊ֮ģǿ˽Լԡ

̸Լ£ֻ֪֮ĹϵԼлжٷ

ǽӴ

ҲȣҪǽɵǰˡ

˵ǰżùߣҪҵȵڣǲŶ롣ҿԴд뺯ǻȻֻǴ˵صĴŻ㿪ˡ

ԭ̶ݰ٣ʹȷԣʥٵҲδ̫Щ
֮ģܲ˾ȫɡԸ

ø֮䲻ֻжѡ
Ȼаꡣ

ô˵̾
̾

ʮĲʥԲĻա
ʱ˽ƣԼû֮ǰͬΪ޵˵ԼÿҪһΡԴ뿪ԭ֮󣬽ǰҲֻһΣͲ硣ϸʱ䣬ӦԼ뿪ԭʶͲ֪ǷΪ޵ĴڣԼԶ

顣ӹüҡͷкԹ

ǰ飬ɼ顣ó˼Ƿȥʱ˾ͳҲ֮½

Թʱ䣬ԹԼʵ飬˵Լʮ棬Ҳ磬ֻΣʱ뵽Ĵڡ

ⱲǷ㽣ɼǵʱ꣬ҲѽӵһԴܻչ

˵ǰư㣬仯Ī⡣ǰʥ٣ҲĽӣǵٴμʱĲڴĹУʧȥġ

ҲǳƵĹĵ

ǺѣȻǷˡ

Ƿô͸Լڴһꡣתͷ˽ӣЦ˵
һ갡ֻҵĻȻ֮Ѿ߲ˡ

ɣĿ᣿޷ʱһͬطȻ֮԰£е޵˶֮¡

겻Ȼ֮ʱҲˡеĽƺѲӵУҲһͬڵĻᣬܲϧ

˵Цˡʥ㲻˹ȣֻΪԼȲʺʥ١

㳤ӶϵĻȻ֮𣿡
뿪ԭסĵطΪпߵΪʺԼʱͬʱϣ˵Ĵȴǣʺ϶Ϸ
û

ҲͲңǰֿѶҵ塣£΢Ĳ衣δԴ⣬ֻƬ̣ůҲ²ġ

Ũ⣬ѵ㿴𣿡Ц
ΨһʾһذߣҲֻз𽣷˵λˡʥޣĹģڵıȴƫƽĶԴ

ԣͬݵĲŶԡ
ݵĲʱɬ˵ڸȴǺ󾢿ɬ

˲ˮҲġ󣬾תΪɬͬȥʥٵӾͱ䷦ζʵѰ
ǡࡻζᷦζ

ԣʥһЦӹǰĬڶгϲڿͷռˡϲŻύΪѡȻͲֱ֪ʱ䣬Լ⣬ǷҲͷ棿ӣ㻹ǵʱ𣿡

รΪ˱裬ʣ˻ʱ𣿡

ˣЦ˷ΪԼĲ衣ǵҲô˵
Ү־ɣ

ϣ
ӲЦôãӲΪԼϡʱˣͲκ塣

øκ塣ʥĿΪ壬ļ벻Ҳ޷ˣҪôֺαؼŻȥй٣𣿡ֵ
Թļ

һǵʱϲ󡣡
Ϊⷽʮ־СͬΪ֮ˣʥԼⷽ涼ԡ޷ʥٶоѵ̶ֳȣ֪ԶʤԼ

߯ǫˣֻܹƵѵõĸ֡
ⷽǸ֣ҲħǡԳš

֪޷ȫԼˣֺαҵ٩أ
ô翴ҵ֮УҲ֪ԼҲ֪ħ֮УҲ֪Ժ顣Ǹо͸ˣΪö࣬Ը֪ܱԵڡ

ʥٽӵݵǰ漴Ϊ˲ˮѣȥ𣿡

֪Ըش𣬱˼ɡΪҵǣ

һһֻһѣȻҲһеڶڽߣǱһ˸ǻ
һ˶׵ĵ

ʱµùϵԺ󲻻ᷭɳ𡣡
Ѳ⡣

νԩҲͷ˻һԵעõġǰǺãǸ۶
أ

ϣһ㣬ܽ£ֻԼĵطԡ
ֿĹ֮ڡѣұʹѪ֮󣬱ͬһɽ

һ𣿡
ͬʱ䣬ԻԼɽͷ

ԣʥ¶ֵЦݡҸоƺ˵ʲô
𣿡

λأ
ʥʵǶڳȤ뽭ȻҲҪΡ

˵ʥְĵĸо¶ӵЦݣ̲סеĸܡ档
ʲô

֮Ĺϵ
ǵˡ

ǰʱļģɵҲ֪ǲǵˡѣȥɾͶԲĶˡ
Ҫһرķʽ

Ҳֻ֪£ΪҰ̽˽Ҿѹˡüҡͷһί
Ϊģȸл⡣޲Ӱ֮顣

ӷǹҶԸش𡣲Ȼᵽ㣬вԹĵӰ죬ʮ㲻ϴ˵أΪ˺򣿡

꽣ڽӵҪ뿪ԭϵʱǰΪԼСǵ쿪«ҵĺϣŵԼȷʵҲܹҲֻôһΡ

ԼҪסôԶֲҡ

˵Ļ
ֻ˵ʵ顣

Ӱ֮ĸ飬ޡѶһԶ־ôʱѶǵˣʲôԹģ
浭ˣʥٲң𣿡

ͻȻԼǰʱʮԼȻôġѵԼûаԮ֣ĻǽڵԼ㵹ҲеοֻǱ޵һȱ֮İˡ
ʥٲǸΪȱĶ鷳ˡ

˭Ҫأȷʵ׾ˣʥٵķƳȾѪİʱԥȻ򲻾ȡ

ʥ˵仰ʱ뵽ޣǽֻûлӦʥٸеʣöĽſ޵˿ǻ졣

ԣֻ̿Ϥ
รĸͽӶ˵

ԣӴЦ⻰Է˵û뵽˻ػֵԼʥΪͽӡʮӶʮˣ

ţԭҲԱ˵Ͳ֪ĸôˡ
𽣡

㾹Ȼһ˵ֻǸԼӵˣ֪ǷȻҪ
̫ӵ뷨޵Сѣˡ

ҵĸ޴Ⱥ𡣡
ǵĻԶ벻ɴ˵뷨

⻰˵ɱֱ̫Ӷð㡣
ֺ֮Щ

ѡֹڿǷ˵
£ԭĸԡ

ʥٹ̾Ϊԥŵ֮ǵʲôϵ
עٴ⣬ʥٶǷǳ⡣˵أ

鲻ǷǳĻײˣȻҲ¶ǵ飬ڶ̶ڱǧ͵
ߴʤĹ¶ҲغΪһҿᡣ

ѣʶʶ߲û´޶ĸ鲻ֻǽ֪ѡ
֪ûҲ˵ദˣȻ˰ĸ顣

ˣǰһֻǣҵ˼ˣʥٲϲûǴȥڹʱֺⷢһ
һҵԵһˡȻԶʥٻǻԼеοش𣬷ᵽһһͬȥɽˮʱΪһˮ֮빲Լ

겻䣬ٶȻǿ졣һһҲܳһ⻰תÿˡ

Ӽǲ䣬Ͳ֪ڱʥٺѣǱ߲䣿
ҪУһοĻҲûУ֪ǺԼһ뷨ˡڣദʱѲ㵥ȻԼˣҲٶ룬ֻһԵܶС

ˣвĵ
ìܵ˵ӹץﲡ

ԣЦˡ豭ٴεݵǰҪߣҲֻнɼһˡĴҵˣֻ㡣ѡ

ӨĲˮ뱭硣رԲҽʶôˡܳ

һٿ뿪ΣʱҲǿһͬһ֮Ͳ֪Ƿ񻹼ǵǰס֮һ
ڱչصϢ޷һšϣԼлٴһʱĵΡ

ûǡʵʥ뿪żҲȥֻ̽ǾɣѷǣȥҲֻĩˡһٴβ𣿡ʵ

ӵĴȣȻҲȻģЦʵǡٴΡ𣿡

Ҫˣ°ɣȻɬҪԹˡ

ûлش𣬶ڸ˽ΪûбҪλȫˡֻף뿪Ļǹ⡣Զ˸ҲҹԼȥָǺã


ǰ֮ˣһЦһҲֻԵ
ѹֽߣô붬أ
ĵȺˡ





粻Ⱦ¡Ⱦ

¹⾲գ¥֮޶һڻ¥

ȵ²ʤÿҹ˾֮ʱŵһĳ̾Ի¥

ҹ°ףڷıʺڻ¥ͷⲽƬ̨̣ϣűǿաã૵ʵѹʱܹ


ˮ˻ңʵǿɷŵȴġñӯӯӣż̾

˼ҹΣͲ֪Լڴ˵Ϊ˼Ȼƾй˶Լ

̼ǵѽ͵ʱλʥٵ¶ҲûУֻҪԼѽӷڴʯͷϼˡȻ˵һȣͲȽв֮


ǽΣԼ޼ʩǽ˵ĺѣǿ֮ˣʵڲԸѽӽôһ֮

͸ϵ̽ʥˣȻҲֻ˵ǱȾ׵ʥߡʥߣȴֺԴȱٵĿʵ޷⣬Ҳе֡


һΪʲô˽ѻٰѣѽӽΪѡ̫࣬ˡ̾


֮أʱԼȥ˰޷ܣȻýͣһ꣬ǲᡣԣϽԼѴӦǸʥһڲȥȣȥ˱ǱţҲˡ


ֻһ뵽˵Ǹʥٵչˣ͸е벻ζǧһȥٽ޷߰ףӣ̾ţʵơ


һǿţ˼ĽУȴɽʱ仯ΪѰ´ߵҹεģֻһˡ

ҹ˼ġ





㲻˯
ŲҲûлͷ飬˯ˣ㹼ʵΪ޷˯¡


Ϊڹǣ벻¡վߣҹ˯ֺ˾ȡ
˽԰ãҲٶ

ҲǶģӴЩΣʥٿⲻӦǹǾĵĹ岢δȫҪڴ£ӼΣҹּ͸ǣᱡİѵк⡣


˵ţʥٱҪ磬ȴ˵лѹġңʵҲڡ

Ҳ֮һĽɼ˱ֻĿǰǲˣҼѴӦ¥޾͸úúչ㡣ִԼ磬ΪӸϡ˾͸ϡ


ӲپܾЦ˵ǲˣƽʱҪ¿ǲ١
ݲ裬Լɢˡ
ԽӵĹ壬ھĵǿȬСΪԼ±ĻᣬȴҲԭٶȱû


ô£Ҳһˡ
ȷʵһǰˡ

ûҽòĲǲ뿪ˣ
뿪㲻ϲˣ

û£ֻǵ˱չǲõĸܡǵõЦ˵һùųһۣԼϤչˡʵ˲Ǽ£޻ô뻹Ǹʮɵӡ

Ϊİľ飬Ƿ½ԱԲ˵סԲܣ

ЦûʥٹԼֻôᣬǹˣرҼǵǰѲû˳ת˻⣬Ҳ¡


ȤͻȻѻתƵʵе⡣Ϊڴ˾סһʱգʱ뵽ἰ

ֻǾƯˡʲĿԼͷΪƣҲǱز

ѵýӻ֮˵ǿУôͽ͸㡣ϣʥһ¸ǰİ񣬾¿šҹͬһλΣ


㰡ƵһĻԵ˵ôһ䣬ͻȻͷеܣʵһƵİ񡣡

รһ²ɵĽɼӵƷ׸ֻбʳУΪΪƫԱǵ̳йص״սӵȻĸжϣϲֶеİΪӵУ



ö룬ǱɸղŽɫĸıƺʧȥеźʮ񣬵֮סѱǷǳŻ


һ𣿡
ͬ⣬ҵֻΪϲˡ

䲻󣬲һ˵۹жϣ˵֮Ҫ
̾ʥٱ㽫Լİ˻ʹҪҲ¡𣿡Դϻ֮󣬽ӱ㲻Ҫȥ֮¡濴ƽ޲ʵӦǷǳȥߡ


˭˲ᣬƫƫͰޣʥӦǷԼ¡˵룬ƭ˵ġŵޡҲ𽣡Ȼֲôһ䡣


ӻһ漴һƬžǾ仰ãȡˡʥٲֻ¡





޺ĬȻ֮
Խȥÿ죬ػѲӡʱɽۣ֮վ￴ƺӡ

ĻȻ֮Ļʣǰ޳Ҳ̶ãѹƽɱħֻļҪȽӣûϵһ˵ıаڿӰγСʱȻû͵Ϯǡ


ҺöһέЦ쳾ʱƷȥһʱĶ񶷡һսȴҲȻ֮ƻţֻ˵ֻǸ


֪׷׸֮뻢ıƤȴִСյĸ治֪Ǻʱɵģ

뵽գеۡӰεǰС𽣣ֱǲҪľٶǸʥٵġѡĲˣǸųǡʥߡ˸ûĻ͵ʧȥ


һӾûյĶľ֣ǱԼҪĽɼʱôҲܶġƫƫӾΪȫĸܡ


̾ﲻ֪ԹٴνӣȻҲٴǸʥٵˡ

̼ǵõȫڵаҪ뿪Ȼ֮ʱϥ̸һҹһҹҲһΡ

𽣸ԼʥǽʱѣֻǰӲ֣ҲΪˡ

𽣶ˣȻ˵ΣԼȫʵ޸еʮֳζ

ʱҲ룬ʵ̫Ϊ˰ֱ꣬Ӳ֪һέԼҹ˵ĴڣͷҲ֪и겻ˡ˹㽻Ͳ֪´λĸϵǳˡʥ߻ð


һԵĬ짼ʵˣ뽣𣿡
ǰָĥʱˣ˼ǻⲻˡ

ǵ治𣿡⣬Ȼֻ˵ǵط١ʵûʲô¿ѵˣµа취Ѱøǵط


짣ϣοϴ¥յȴʵҵڴǾͨĽӺܿ㿴ۣԶҲȡ


ֻⲢȥȵԭҪûܴ߻סӡҲ˵ֻнܾԼĽŲδȥôȲع飬ڴһ֮ڣӰȴҲͳΪΨһ֮¡


ǹƾǾжϽ״𣿡ǵڷĵ伮ΪĲǶԴȤΪעԶ֮˵״


ǽƭҡҺõ꽣߹ǱǵλãǼҲֻǰ׶ˡ

ǲ˼¡ĬǾô·
ϲ˼ºܶ࣬ⲻ֮һ˵âжϳ˵ĴŷλԼ״ȵȡѧ˵ƺ֮£ӾϰտѧʣԲܲҲ֪´¡Ϊֿѣѧʵԯޡ


̧ͷϵİƣÿȻ֮ʱڹƣҲڵȺԼȻʲôֻҪһϤһĻĪĸ


짣ɼǵýʱվ￴ϵİƣ

ţǵáȻɷ˼ӣεԽӹƵӰӡǳ̡

ϲҲ¹
ΪʲôĪֻ֪ϲĽȴ˵

ƣ˳˱˰ƣڵ磬㲻˼ģ̾
ǵĽֻɵ֮ˣ

֪ΪǰΪһ콣ӻᴩ·ɵ죬ҲǵɣҲǻƶСƺǳɣԼءᰮɵȥʵìܲѡ

վⲻìܡ

Ĭ˵˾͸ìܣ֪¡짣˼һˣ
ĬҡͷΪСﳤбȫ뿪ҲͲ˼

һ˼˵Լ˼Ҳеζȥɣɷﻹڵǡ˵š

ɷ޼ĬϤĵչ£Ѵ»ָȻ޷ԣǽǰĹҲֻð֮ǰѾȫǲɢ


š
ʵĬҲһڼңϻصĽѵΪİΣ





ļڡɫɽ˵š
ɽķ죬顣ϧûӭҡҷʱ˿Ҿϱ龰

ȥˡҹദ̸ͬĹȴ̸ֲֻеԼ
ѵһҲ

Ӳ֮ˡ
ڴ˵УڶϷ㡣֪˲ˣҵĽǳ˵һĿģǲӰ


ѣҪʲôЦÿʾԼʱǵ˻εʱ̡
ͻȻٿ轣

ý㣬ҲԹųȤˣ
ѧƣԼϰдѧʱֻֻֻͨʣȴʵʥٷǳʺ֪ΪǲҲֻ˵ϲ


ʵ轣ʱǳƮݣ˵»£ӰƮҡǰ÷׷䣬ʵӦʱһĻ
пõĽߡ

ҲʢĽ֮˵˵ԼˮȾ˫ǲȾֺΪȾ˫εˣʵҲֻǲ⿮̾ԼһһѰˣ


˽ûӿɰǶȥˡ

Ȼ̣ͬʱɵ֮ˣԺʱͲ֪ǵҷ񣿡
꣬Ӳȴ֮಻һΪҸλã㵱ǲ뽣ɼΪڲŶԡ

ǲԼֻһй޵㣬ڹԵ£ķ¼ﲻֻʥһ˶ѡ

ʥٹȻ˽ԼҲǲޡʵҲôˡѣ˵Һ޹ˣ㾪ȷ񣿡
ȡʥٲ˼漴˱޿⡣ֽ˵

һ˲ܣɱǸ˵˲䣬Ѳ֪ǸϲǸñֻּ֪ìܵ뷨ͷϵķš
㲻ʺϺˡ̫˽ˣǸظ֮ˣҪˣǸԼˡ

ҲɣһԱƵȻԱƲһȫûԵˡ뽭˫մѪȣʵΪ֮ǻ䡣


ԶĲˡ
лο

лʲôˣĹųںη
Ӧ¥硣ûж˼ޱزڻȻ֮ڡ

ԣʥֻһЦýиų֮ˣʾڽǷǳҪĴڣͲ֪Ƿע⵽





ˡ
ţˣͻȻ񣬻ͷʵɷѲ֪ٴΣǿڴǰϣҲ

ƵһĻδ֮йĵɷðűԼķ֣ԼÿһԶصšʱ鼫ʵε


Ҷ˲ˡ
ţȷ¡ȻЦ˵

ɷе棬㿿˹ȥֻ˵꿴Ƭա
뽣ӾѺһ˳￴ϣȻ̾ŰƲԹ֮̾ˡԣ㨲ϯʳζԹǽӵĺȥŵġŵġŵġŵҲǽһˣʵì


ʱǲϢԼӶãθкҲǱӦ
𣿡ͷƶɷ

ȻߣϻܵϹɷЦŴ
νʮߣİĲ˼࣬˼

ɫӵӳƣԼ˵ʱĿ룬ۣʵǹƻڿŽ
˵أ

ƵĽ𣿡
Ц˳죬סƣƣӵƣӵĸƮģ


֪Ƶ˼ǼƲ⣬ǲ⣿

ľ֮Ŀ֮ģٽᣬǸаƼãסã
鳤ֽ̣˼֮סǰϺˡ

̾Ľ֪ʱܹʢ꼻껹һεҲǸõȵ֮ʣԵᣬʱӭĲʢ꼻趯һˡ


ǰչʱ˼ȴҲż̾̾ټϵʱµģҲڰһÿϾǰ̾


Ͼ˹ϵѷĵѣ˻̾Ҳ⡣ֻްĹϵ飬±ĥģֻⷽ˶ѡ˼˼ȳΪ࣬Ǳ˴ˣô޷ɽļͷҲΪ˼ˡ


ⷬ޿Цˡδ֮ҲܶĻӱ㲻˶ǰССԼ̣ҲҺûѧԼ䵭顣ϸ룬Ϯ˽ӹеᡣ


ԼûеõúõİԼ¶˿࣬ʵΣԹ𣿡

ɷһתħǼ¡ɷԹ˴짶ɽ˵ĸҲΪûŮԹ޸ĸĵ


ǰһ˶׵ĵТȻԼˣʱҲᵣ짲¥ʱΣףԭҲٲǡ


ǰ˴Ӳ˵Ļģѱúͬɷﲻ˵짴û뿪֮⣬˲Ϊ²ġ


ϱȻ֮£ʹҲѱһܹأοֻԼҹҵöʱ᲻ȥʱûлش𣬵ҼʹҲᡣɷһҪߵĻǿ


벻˺ͽ˽Ҳ̸ǵ£ϲɷֻһңҲôġ

ŮҪġͬ׷ģǽӵĳأοһңǵС

飬δʱ𣿡

ͬģҡͷǹˣ״
ΪԼ²ٷֻߵõͷ짴Һܺá

ţתͷ֪ԭϲĬ짡Ȼϣǿһ𣬵ǿʣɷ˵ϲֻϲѡ


Цţ紺ӭСҸΪ飬Ϊ˼ҵĹС

ԣ˶ʱɷڱҲǴԼѧģͲ֪Ĭľͷʱܿϣ

ž󣬲ĶͬʱĬſɨصЦҶ࡭

ҲĬҲϲɷֻǲϿڰˡĸԣǸˣǸԼ׷ˡ





縡ƣȥ硣ѣ̼ǵǰ˵ĸо
Ҳӯˣ

ǰǿȴҲװصĸ
Ҳٲʥ֮顣

֮өȼϼǱĶϼʮĲŲʣѱơ


ϼδƳɿ˥紺Ǵ˵֮ʥڰߣļˮǱһ޼ʵҡҷʵ㴺շ顣


鰡飬ز֪Ҫļˣʮ꣬ҲʥٲеįܾԼһʲôƵģʱ̾Լ顣


ӵᡣ
รѵõҵøϽ²ǡȣʥٳ˱Թ⣬⵹һοԼ

ᰡ֩˿Ѷϣȴа㲻
ôҸϴѹڡӵ᡻ˡ

ʥ̾ŵ֪Ȼϲڿͷռˣ˵ģ޷ᡣôһɲǷþλˣʱģԮ֡


Ҳŷôŵ㡣Ц

ᰡǾħֻҪΪѣԶҲŲ㡣zǿճԼѵ֩֩˿ϰ㣬ϣѽ޷⡣


ʥ˵Ҳδ̫š
ѵɼĸ

һ㶣ô˵ҲûһǲĸʥٹȻǽѵõ֪

Ҳǰ˵֪أ̫ã˽䱾ԣվ޷֪ѱΡ֮ռܵʱǷתУ


ˣ
𣿲˺ۡܲǲˡʥ˦˷תͷͬΪ޵˵Ľӡû˽Ҳû˷Ȼһȴӯڡ


ԭҲһֱĲпᡣ
Ҳ᲻䣬ȴһ˵ĸܡ

ִˣѡģߵĸд
ҲɣӦŵʹˮҶ沨߻ˡֵŴ⣬Ʈתѹǵ¥˵ʱһϢԼȻҲԼ׷һ֮á


ǰһһˡû̫пƺԵˡ
ѣĻڴһʢһ𣿡һǴһ²ٵǲһӰôʹӻܼԼ¥޾ܵһԼȴ˻ع


ˣ
ΪΣ

ˣͬΣˣҪٴôӸ˵ڴ˵ڴأ
ţⷬҸĵΣ

Ļǣ¡
ȻϸᡣЦ

㣬Ӳʥٵġ
㷢ˣҪһǰԼͷĽӣһܽӿͷʥ١ֻε꣬ʱ޷ݣҲܲ䡣


ԭ֮һ
Ųң

ǷŲ£÷ʱչ÷ţͬһ㡣
ԣĵЦˣ֡ӡ

⵹ôãʥٺѵһοЦ

ʥٲӦ˳ߵ֦ڽϡӿϧʱͣ˼˼ʱҲ顣˿ʥǰʾͿ

һδ粻֮ʣͱʵ

˼۶֦
ôһͱʫԸ֪ˡѵ鲼Ķϼд⣿

ѣȵһ澰ӦҲȵķΧڸ
ǵģϼʱѷִ¡ֻаҪһһ²ʵ֡Υʥٲ˵صԭҲʥ⡣ûаûд


˵طǲһҿⲻ֡
ѵΪȫϳԹʾӵĸ飿

ӹʥٵ֪ԼԸҲ飬飬аľģ˫ۣ˵Ǵı־ˣֻΪԹô㵽


ѡ

˵û뵽ⷬġ





ѵ꣬¡¡¥⡣

ϰϰ磬ƬƬ꣬ǱǸˡڱʱֲŹɻ䵽˵ĹȥͲ֪ӿɼǵöӼѣϷˣܵǿẮ裿


磬ͤɷæΪݲ衣ԴӽȥޱֻȲ費Ⱦƣ˲ƽ⣬Ҳްζ


ڵĽ

ǵ㵽Ҳãȥ֮ʱ뽣Ӽ档

಻סҪѰȣһ뵽ճĽڵԼʱô̶һܲȣİΣΪҪ̡ܲѹֻҪٹһǱԶһ𡣼ʹѰվǻȥ


ڱĽӦҲڵȴŴ

¯òˮڣů˱ɷĻҲůԼġֻǷãԵûģҲ͸ΪԼڽеķԽԽС


ʱǲ˼ǻɣٲ˼ˡ֪˼˼񣿻ֻǸʥٵæŻɣ

ıԹɷһЦ㽫ˮǸæ
ΪζЦ

ûʲôɷֻűҲû꣬ôǽԼĻ뽣ˡ
ԣЦˣ˵꣬δؾͻһҲԣԼˡ

ҿҪͣҪ˵ġ

֮ܲƽҹ˼ʵǸ˼ļڣ˥ﻪݺ󣬴رءʹ紵ǵҶϤ@죬ȴ˸ܵһʵ


ȡ¥֮𣿡

ɷһᣬΪεҪ˵ȡ֣ѾãҲֻӡеٵô˵ʱʢ＾¥ɺ󣬽ȡΪ¥硣


ע˽ص˷ֲ紵ļڴˣ߷ʱ˽ɼʢ¥顣Ҳɣš


뽣ʶ˰꣬ҲʹԼΪν˵ȡΪ¥磬ƺԼ鲻ôȤ紵ǰ䣬«ҰǴ˵еˮˡ


ԭ뽣Ρ˾ǸǷǳˡɷЦ͵Ĭһۣǰ˽̸۹£Ҳõ˴𰸡


࣬ʱƮͣڣ޲ֵҲͲẦ˼

׷ʱ˼ʱͬΪԼǵõӣܾҲ޷ôǵˣİȴ޼


ķףԭҪĶûΪһ־ѷɫǸԼŨҰҪȫռСųûһ̣ô۶ֿĽӻвһ졣


廹ϵˣԹ֮ɼӡҽˡȻ˼ǿ࣬Ҳϲʱ߼ʱʵΪ֮


ǰǽŲʱ¥磬ӡʱأ˵Ķ

ٶ絽ûųơ¾ƣܰΣҲҲֻܵǴ֮ʱĹůԼ

첻ٵġο
ǴĽŲĽŲأԵɷҲŰ׽ŪԼĲ졣

ȻɷûлشֻΪŲ衣





谵ҹû¹ǣҲ·Ĺ𣬵ŶԴ˵صϤɡǰ¥Сɡ

˿бᶯ˫մŢһһӡﾡǽ֡



ӳڲʱסȻͷ΢Цʱ䲻ԣЩȴϲ֡𣬻Ĵۺû뵽ԼػȻֿ֮ѻѡ


սǰδģԼԼһ˿ǿйаʱǽӰ֮Խյķ𽣷˵ɼΪԼ


ǽʵֵʱ˵Լڽ֮ٺ󣬲ҵ´ϥ̸

ҹĹѵá˵
Һƽ¡Цš

ñĵ㡣ὣܿ࣬޷˵һϰߵֻ˵
С𽣲а£Ųµˡ

޺ܵ㡣˵

Ϊڵаʱ޲Ÿе飬ڽȥĵʮ졣һ̸˺ܾãҲ͸¶뽣ӵĸ顣оȣΪ֪顣

ףлѵĸ֪

š𽣵ͷʥΣȻ棬֪ʱӵһλˡ
Խӵ̴棬Ѳʥ١

޷䣬ڣҲͷǳֵοлԮ֡
ǸøлǶĴˡ
ʵʥٵľԮ񣬻ǷȣЩδ֪֮¡Ǹֻ뵽ôһλˣԱҪ޴ԼϡıԣòôʱҲֻ÷һ


ţ𽣸еơ
ûʲôʥٵ²ᣬȽ˽״а֮ڸоΣ

ҪٱչһӡаĹ岢δȫָǸþչزŶԡһչҪʱ䣬ڱչǰټһ棬Բžȵ

ڵ𣿡֪ϱչأôҪԼһ棬µҪ֮

ţ޷ġ޷µģǶԼ˽ӡ
ѡ

лţôһλʥںԼһֵˡ





ϸ꾂ܲ죬꼻

¥̨ϵ٣Ĭ짼ɷһԡĥĵյϸгת

갡Ŷͣߵ٣̾һĽ©䣬ҹߡ


ʹҹƚ꣬ĺĺ´棬ձʱĿįƵ룬ͼ֮ųΪΪ׵Ϊǽ֮˸Ϊеҹġ˵š


뽣𣿡

ʵ𹬵ӵһҹҲΪꡣɷᵽ˼ɡΪһ㡣


ǰӲɻ˵Լĸ飬뽣ӽġͬΪȻ

Ƚʱ˿ͬϹ
С˱㳣뽣ڹᡣ䲻֪Ƕ̸ЩʲôÿʱǶԸܵúܺá

ţɷô˵ֿʼìܵ뷨

ӻٻػȻ֮ҪǸ粻ȾԶ¥˵Ļ㲻ټɡԼᡣ


మ֮˱ӰΣҹءСʤ»飬޶ⲻˣҪźã





ҵѾɣǸûصԭ㣬ɽˡӵ
š΢ͷ

ѴӦʥ٣Դ˲ٳ֣ܽ¡
ҳ𽣵Ҳ㽣ӹɽ֪֡ĵıԼΪԼͲýΪԼǡߣҲٴϰ𷨣ġ


ж𣿡
¡ڣᡣ

лĳȫ
лҡͷȻʵ𣿡

޲ı佣ӣҲӰҵ꣬ȥ硣һȻ֮ƺ֮ԼδУ𽣿ɻǵã
ǵá

ҪסȻ֮ӱػд㡣
һЦ緢Ľӣƺ¶˵ֻһͬ˸ѵζѡ̸ейƽƵᡣ


УԶλ粻Ⱦ޵ˡ

ңһ졣ӼҪġ
𽣱Ŀϲ˵ĻþнԼģǽʱڵ




뷨š뽣˶ûԷʲôţ
ʲôɷʵ

ôˣеƣѵԼ£
һԾ¿ˡ

ԣҡͷЦһҲûС⽣еȻˡ

˶ԻͬʱĬƺо˽ӽ¥硣ǰǰСɡ




һߵĽӣֱӽƻʱͣ»䣬̧ͷŲԶ¥硣˿ػǸԼΪԼҪ˵ĵطве˷š


ҹ꣬ҲƮ͡˿¥ʱϤЦˣΪû뵽վտ¥޾һһЦҲԼŵ


¥繬ҹʹ˲ʱƽհΪװĲ¡һҹε޵ĹȻҲȻȻؿԽ˺ѵĹϵΪİ¡ʱ֪Σ֪ǷҲԼһſˣ


һЦʵǶˡǸ纣˼Լǧ򱶣ԼȵϡֻǴ˿̤أȴȻֹסԼҲǸԹλⰮĹµˡ





Ĭ짵Ķ޸еԡҹţѵǽӹָͣĲңæ

ɷе죬Ҫԭ£Լ˼ˡڴʱĬɳʣǽ

类׺˰㣬޻񡣶Ĭԣֻ˵˵Ȼܲôּ࣬ævǰ

֮Сɣһ֮ɡȽȽۣ˫ӡ



ͻȻжϣֻʣԼһ·ѵҪϢˣ·˯ʱ䡣

ĽŲƽյٶŴֻҪټҪص޵ĻҲ֮¡̧ͷ¥̨˲ɫӰӳ






룬ҲֻΣΣΪλһֱڽŽӵ֣
짣ǽ𣿡ʵ
ǽ

ƭԼλԼһֱĹ£òƭԼŶԡǽӲھͻǸʥٵ˰ͲýԶߣˣɷ


޲ŽɷѼǽû

ٴεĴ𰸣һʲôǽŲͷߡ
ɷﱾΪҪ¥ȥû뵽ͷվǰ㡣ʽеˡ




˽ȥǿԼ¥Ԥýӵֱýţͣ˽Ų

ֹΪų⣬ֶԼò˿ԻԼļ





ûǽûΪôȴַȴڵʲôѵǵĽı䣬ǰ˵ĸ


ͣסŲˡĬ˵

ͣסŲԥôԥһ뵽ˣϻͷ嵽ǰҲ˲ţһµȥɷﾪеˣ


תҪ¥ȥĬȴæס֣Եһ¡





Ҫٲڣ㿴¥̨ɫӰ䣬ľȻŸеڵ鼱֮µķӦɰǲЦˡ

΢Ц֮ʣ°Ţѳǰٶ֮߸죬ʱ˶ס

ϸƮʪ޵ͷȷüˣѡ˵ţĽŲƣǰɡסˮϲˮմ㣬ҹôˣ


ʹεʻȻֻ˵ûлش

òˣʵ

òͱδأȴᵣġȻϤ֮˵δ֮ҹԼ˵

ҹΪһñط꣬⻰ŻٴαἰҹٶطĻǸȥΪʲô޺ԤͻȻ֣


õĵȴ˲ͣҪԶžʱ꣬Ҳֻͷ޷ЩմƣǷֲǰ٣


ûлӦӴӻȡֽΪȥϵˮˣҪȾ˷纮ҿɵڻȻ֮ðժǰ̽ˡ

סĻ漴ƵһĻ޲æסӵ֣ԥֱδȫǰʵֻһһǣ̽ǰʵԡ


㰡ղŻڷ㶣ôͻ

ϤĽл޸ȷ˽ӵݵɻһű۱ǽ

ͻӵ漴ݹһȡӲɵñ˫ۣĸܶԷĴڣһ仰Ҳ˵



ҪȥɷＱ
뽣ӵһһ¥̨϶һϲֱǰһС

ɡĬ짱˵ᣬֿɷļЦһͬ¥ȥ

ôļΪҪлΪԶԼΣʱůмһӵǻš




Ϊʲôô
ĬĬɷΪǹϷţڲ˺󣬿̲ݻģϽӱסĥ˷Ȼ󿪿ڵĵһ仰ôš


ƵĻǵȴ֮˶˵΢Цش޵⣬ֻԼĥš

ٲҪˡ᲻֪ѹٻأѳɿյʧ鵽޴ӡ

ӦʵֻҲԼҲᰴ಻סʥٵԼܲأڼἰҪ뿪ʥٲԸСԼʹԼôһ棬ʥٲͬ뿪


ʥԼˣжԼҪԼʱȥ

꣬ʱšֺô죿

ĺԼҲйʧٵǶӡ˵Ϊ˼㷴豹棬һһ𣿡

ûǡץס֣ġҹζ֪࣬һֻΣԼߣ޷豣֤ôܲġ

ûǣǽӺʱ˲ˣ

ԣֹͣǣַڴϣ˵˲²ŵˣθýںδ

ӸеɻԭֵΪʲôҪװεС𽣣εС𽣵ĻҲͲʥٵˡ


ǵѡƻ£޿εΪݣЩǿǽḧաûԼúñԼ


ҡͷ˭˼ܲݣɷԼúãһε¥ޡЩҪҪǴ˿תƽ㡣ῴ˵ţҲӵĻӦ⿪ӵ졣°̺𣿡۵ʵ


šԭΪСǲκκۼΪסգʹ˿ѪֹãȬµĺۼϸӦÿ


ڽ˵껰ͬʱѿ˺ۡ᲻ˡʮðκλܵ˽˰ָ̺ۣᴥŵɫĺۼԵʮ


˺СҹܻŻ㣬Ҫлʥٵİæ

ǰεǸİӣĸлǸӡ
óŨҵĴζЦ⣿

ܲ⣿˸ͼԲŻῪӵһֻܿ

Ͳ֮䣬Ļôࣿ
ǰͲԼѧҽȥѧ޵ͷ˽ұؿϵ˺ۣӲΪ

š޵˱ӹӣ˵ʮСӡǵԼʥٶԻʱ֮Լе⡣ôһص˵ʱ红Ӱ㣿


ݺԶΪ𣿡

һʣסˡ龳£ܾ޷ֻܾðˡҪ׵ģҲֻ޶ѡݾε⡺ԹɡĲ𣿡


ԣ޿ĵЦˡ⡺Թɡ֮벻ǵá廹ϵˣҹϵĴˡ漴һٲк㣬ɢ


˼ֻԼܽ⣬ֻһҹĲܽ޾˼𣿿ǲ֮¡뵽ˣӲɵȫȣ


æΪޣϷֽǰ󣬺Ҳϸղңʱǣ˷ܡģϴһ


š£ΪǰεĹ޲ûԼеκβ죬õ

ӡ
Ľлɵ˫ۣ˼ҪԼ˵ʲô

ǵ˵һ𣿡
ǵáĥʹýӽʧȥ˼ȴҲǵ˵ԼΪ

ֻ֪ƶڿ
ôһ˵ڻȻ֮ƺ˵ĶԻɽƺ𣿡

š޵֮ǣ佫ӶʱɽֻڻȻ

ô߳ϸ˼İ΢ĴټķڣƮᣣһ˿ȴϢһİ


彻ʱƺеķ㣬طȻ֮ɽۣ֮ɽƸꡣ



ʶ˼Ϊֻ粻Ⱦ
Ů鳦ֲܲȾ
֮ͬ·
ֻΪˣҲΪ޻֮顭

ȫꣾ




粻Ⱦƪ֮Լ 

ӣ꿴˫ģ

ֻһֱͤڷȥעãȴһ޶õӣŻ̲סvϡɷ档˵

รӦûж˵

ѶԺûȤ޹ʵ

Ӳƽ޼̸Ű¥飬һӱѻתƵ˫ϣ

Ĭƽյģҡȣ֮˵Ļش𡣴ϵڣ˼ͤϯض֪ôģսӾԼ
ƽٻԼűĻشҲΪչ̫ãûģԲŻˡ

ЦʵƽһʱȻ̸ۡ̸ģĪĵѧ¡

ƴӲ֮ʣʵ˿ڡٸһĬķΧΣ
⣬תľƱšʱ֣ܺµľһܣҲջ˵ԭ֮һ

統ͻȻϽ¥ʱʵڷǳ졣Լ쵽Ȼ֮û뵽ԤһϢǰݷá

츦أձ㵽ǰҲ֪һ뵽ԼǸµ޿˵ϲ񣬲Ͷӵ
ɣ֮鲻ֱܾ֣̫ӵıλ޵ֻڡ

ȻĬԭƺšҲ޲ɡЦŻشһңֻһ˼ͣסָڿС

ȻҪͷҲñĽӴ޻ΪȽʺҹԼˣҹҪ

˶ҹеϣһѩ׵ΪԼĽȫΪȾ˵⣬Ҳ

һֱΪֻԼסӵ䣬㼣Լľ

Ĳɻ󣬲Ҫѯʱ֮ʱֵԧԧ죬ԧ졢ǳ˫ֳɶԡѣơɿͣԸΪԧżôһ仰

޷˵ԧ죬ѵΪҪ̸¶ң ˵е飬ʵ˵ôû

ѽ˺һ׷ɵ֮ˣԶʶ˼鰮˵ģ֪װɵҲƣ˵
รˣԧİҲϣʶ֮ⷽ¡

Ϊȥ˼⡣

ָ{ңһּ˵˵ԧ쳣żӲ룬ҹ档ɶɾܵóȴҲǹ¿ࡣ˵·͵Ƿ⼴ʱֵԧۣ

รȷĸۡһЦ˵ľƣһ̸鰮ǲˡҪ̸𣿡

ǰѱԼ̸ϲֻҪ̸ۺҲһ˵ͺƵԧ졣
޿ׯε

ԣɫ漴˿Ҫ̸ǴĺԼԧ죬ĵȻԼԵҵĵҲԣ˵ʲôˣǲԵеɺ

óı仯Լ֮ߴһľ磬ʵһ׷ɵ۲ѣֻҲմ˾硣
ţӴﵽһľ磬ﻹԼ𣿡ǰˣڻȻ֮׷ɵʳ˼̻Բʶ˼鰮쳾ˣ

⻰еζӲûᣬ˵ԵңԾԵĸᡣ
ᵽֻ⣬ǳ顣ǾԵĸᣬǸĶԼΪȴΪͼı뾳һɵ۵ʵڣԽܡ

รЦȴֹ̾ˡ

Үֻ˵˵˼ˣࣿԼı仯漴
Ȼ¥ֻ˵˵ˣôɼҲֻˣһ̸еҪͷ档ֱ޵ɼʵЩһִ

ûϵӻ˵һ㶣벻̬ȶӦô˵𣿡
ǿԿǡ

Ƕѣš
˵ɣɼĶľ𡣡

Ц󣬷תΪĬϣʱʱ̶̿ܰġȫԼϡ
ͻİӵɻ󣬱ʵ˵ˣ
Ҳֻοڲźá

˵ʲôֱ˵޷֮ʲôģ
֮ʲôģǰûʲôģƫƫֻСᰮ꡻ֱֲܲ˵ˣֻҲɣܲȻ˵ôͲԥˡ

һᰲϲ˵ĻöԼΪ̫ûԲŻ˽еķȨޡֻ޲ΪԼ쳣ĳĬ

˲Ⱥӣ˵𣿡
Ҳ֪˵ڼεĵֻû

꿴˵ϣ˫ôοΪ˵أ֣ԼǰĺһɷǱߡ
˵Ҳǡֻʱң󻨼䣬ֲʱΧ裬֮

ѳ飬ҲֻǴ˵Ҳ˵飬οأ
Ĵ˵

ʱֻ
˵ǵһô˵ʱֵ뷨ˣ

İ£ڷҡҷʱ֮չᡣ˵һעĻͿܷɶȥӵ˼һֱ²ţ׷꣬ûаչܲģ
Ǻ¡

𣿡͵ȥֱǺ£ơҪһȥĻĺı׷˵ԵңԾԵĸᣬϲ˫ĵǹң

أ
ѡޱֲαܿЩۣȴܵԼİ⣬ʵղѡ

ţԲͷôһĻֱ֧֮ˣ
˵桢ԧأǾvȦ˵ɣ˴㡣

һף㡣˼شšֻһ˵ǲϣԼɵһ˵Ҫ˵ʲô
޹ⳤ̾ʵĸΡ֪һҲûУڹĮ

ôˣһ̾ýЦֹǺ֮ԸΪѵҵף
ʲôش𣿰ǹ⡣ˣҲù̫ࡣԸǷҲףأ

ףһʱᷴףԼе⡣
ѽѣֵϽʱɱǶʱ𣿡ͻȻת˻⡣

Ѿ˵˺öꡣÿÿҪҪԼϽʱ˵ֻǵʱֻҹ˵˵ȥĻԼԶҲ˵ȻҲȥ˵ìԡ
ǰ˵˺öꡣ˵Ͻҹﴵ࣬񣿡

Ͱࡣ
ǰûȻʵ˸ҹģ

˸ҹӸе棬ΪƩǵһδ
ǰµ֮ˣıԹ֮飬ʧĹѸģҡ˻ȣ̾˿ѣ᲻ҪѸ氡

̿˵ѴֱʧҲŮӡ
󣬺ˡ֪겻ŮӣǸӺҲΪŮӣ򲻿ģ޼Ž͡

รصĽΣ
ܲأͬΪӵǰŮ˿ܲ

Թ⣬ĴۻδᣬͲ֪ղ˵ľʲô
Ǿ䡺ˡǵһЦΪɣԼΪˣǳƱ˴˿ƻ٩ʵһ˼ܵĻ˵Ͻаٵ쾭֮¡

šûлشֺ˵쾭壿ʧˡ
ҲǷֲ˼

Ȼأ
ϣΪ׵ֿź桢ԧӣ˵ǷΪĲٹµף

ţһ㶣ﲻ֡桢ԧ鶼ǴŮİ飬Բˣ
ģΪһΣ֮һ˵ֿʼһѶʱ˷۱ʧˣǲӻӦ㼱Ҫȥƣ˻⵱µա

Ӻʶô⻹޵һôй¶İ⣬еʧ롣ֵƻᷢԼգ㽫㣬޵ıϡղһδࡣ״
пסŽô˵ʱʵ겻µľƣ

Ŀձתתľû壬ΪϲԲŲ˿̲ƣǲᱳůʧȥΪԼߺ˵
ţǲֺԳҪԼ¾ƹأӵķӦʵɣѵںߣ뵽ˣ˷ѽô갮ʲô

㵯١
أһ뵽ںߣ޷׷

ţһ׷ʣʹýӲϣԼ˵ʲô
겻˵𣿡޴һƣЦЦصȺĴ𰸡

ԭʸղǼ£ǹҶǰ

ҮԲԣ˵ʱʵǷ˵Ļﺬ⣬ϲ𣿡
ӲشּתӣֲһԵϽʵΪǴ˿Уʤ˫ɵĵʵڲĽǣҲÿǣô׸Լİ⡣

飬ϣȴϡ

޼ԣʵôˣ
ûʲôֻǷûת˻⡣ר̴Ͻǰȴлᴵһᡣ

ô𣿡˵Ļ
ίһ¡Ѹһ˴ģ˵Ц

ӡίѸ޿ɲݺ顣


£Ϊһ˴𣿡˽Լ͵ϽﴵʱרעϡеԴ裬ģ޷ġ

ҲáڲɽڣҪҲüֻ֡ǽҪʲôźãҲԼýĿձƲǡ
ǽƶȴץס䡣ʵôˣ

ԵңԾԵĸ𣿡ղŽӴһֱ޹ڻ
ţͻȻҪ£ӻͷűԼޡ

ǰ˫ɵĺң񣿡
ûΪǲң

̲Ϸˮԧ죬ң񣿡
ң

Ƕ˫ңʵ䲢ûԸеľң𣿡
⡭ӵͷ˼ʵϲûоԵңֻǴ󲿷ֵΪ޷ԵĸᣬԲ޷õ

ѡףٱȥҲ𰸡
ôˣ

βŹңһȻأʹ޷缺ԸܹϵҲϣܺԶңһ

ׯΪׯ֮ҲΪׯܣ֮Ҳ̫ľаɣΪչĺ˫ϰԵĺûиţһЦұң֮кβɣ

һӲ룿ûлͷ׷ʡ
⡣ûлͷֻš

ţû뵽ͬЦ˿ֻ᣿
ɷô˵й¶⣬ȻҲˡ

ԣЦôõʶ£óá
ôˣӲʵ

˿¥ĵһյյҹĻʹÿ졣˵Ҳֽһգ顣
Ͻ٣ҹ꼻ʢңһȻûлشӵʻֻʫ

ɻǲһЦΪ⡣ޡ
ȻӵĻ˵ֵ꣬ڴҹҹк㰡ȥȡơ
ӾϿ˼ֱΪԼʱſڵҹҹҪδ˵㡣

ᶼˣܲҹҹ

죬ôԲİţװƣ²ǾƴǰʹӰ

ˣ޹ʵѽҹҹһᵯ٣괵ʲôط𣿡۸뿴ǷбĮ
ûʲôԣֻǱŨľˡ΢Цޣеӣݷһвİ㡣

ǵģ򱻾죬ǱΪ˵⻰Ĺϵ˸Լ

ԣ޲׷쾿ΪΣΪʤһ£Цп룬ʹʲô¶ֻҪܺһʵ͸ҪеҸ㡣ֻҪԼĻ޵˻ͨȻͶԼһ졣

ٴθܵůĽӵʵϲпޡΪһʱʱԻסıͿڣǾʱֺա˻ƴ죬Ϊ֮


һҹΪ¥Ҳ֮ԭֻϾûʲô޷֪Ҳȥ̽ʡ

ûе߶ŵҹһֻϰӰ¡ϲʱ̣Ϊҹֻרˡ

أʵΪԲŻἱӦԼ⣬ʵ˵ͼš

ԧ˫˫ɣĶٵĶٻΪ֮ôҲиԼ»֮ԼһҲ

ãβʵòʵֺںǵˣ񻯵֮ԼѶңҲδȻ֮¡ô˳ȻĻһԼİ⡣

Ӧþڲ֮ס


------------
תעԦ&#1769;&#1758;&#1769; Ӱ http://www.longjian.lmparty.org/,ַ:http://www.longjian.lmparty.org/viewthread.php?tid=374




粻Ⱦƪį¥ 

ж磬¥ڣɷͤ塣

רעϣҲŶԻȴһԹۿ޷롣

һǺԼܵˣһƽԼԶ̶ߣȫԼˣΣ֪˵ɷרУǽӱɷռˣ
Դˣ޲ɵøеįȴֲٿڶʣԾڻ԰ɢţſڴ

ˡɨصĬһϾͣĶΪ߳ΪֻͨҪڣӰ롣
ɷ壬ֻõߡ

壿ĬΪһû߽ȥ̽˲֪¡ǰɷͽʱһԹۿδйΡ 
ǰ˵֮ǰǵԼȴΪ¶еԼ治֪Ӻʱɷ֮Ҳš

ҹ˵ҪݽɷһʱеƣȴְӶδȵͤڶʱ֪ɷֻΪҪ塣

ʵС½Ҫ裿ɷʱԣƽϡǹǣ˵ƵģһԵ˵ʱǾȻȫĴڣһҲᡣӻʲô岻ӡ֮ĻְеԼˡ

Ĭ˱ԹЦˣԭɷûи£ѹ˻⡣
짣ΪζЦȻĬֻǳǳһЦ֪ЦԣҲ֪Ҳ˵һ

ˣΪɷġΪη½Ϊؿɷû£
Ӳɷ˵ģ

ղǣֻЦ˵ǽɷһ죬ͱʡɷϣϣ˵ʱȴҲͬʱɷɷЦŵͷصӣʵܲ⡣֪ʲԼ
ĬæͷȻ֪¡

รһĬҲ֪¥ֻΪ˵֪ʱͻȻֱĸоô¥˶ڣȴеįأָݡ

ܹܣǵ취֪ԭСĿǰ¥Ψһ£ҲֻĬ짣ټԼ־Եģ뽣ӵĽӴҲûɷ࣬ĻӦûʵԸ档ڴʯͷ£Ц˵짣Ҳһͬ°ɣ

Ĭ΢㶣ʹ˵ѲףȻǣһڴ˴ſڡҪԼһʱ֮ʵڲ֪λӦ

֪˼ɣҲ׼ʹ˵һˣ޷ŵÿ°ɣ
Ĭ짹Ȼ£ԣȴֲ

޼ºЦҡӣѰ˼ȻҲ̽е㲻󣬵ʵںܺ˵ʲôϷǱ㿪Ĭ짣֮便ʲôԼ

£Ĭ짲ϻ˲ʱ˵鷳ΪǽΣ󣬶ɷ˵´ʱϣɷ岢Ϊºƣҫһ

ţۣŽӾСԼҫǲЦ˳ѹֻֽҪһڣӱԸҪԼ˵ȻɷͷЦš

ʱΪֻҪɷ￪Ķѣ벻ĻΪ֮ԼĬû뵽¸ôãǵԼ

Գ֮ģ룬ȻҪˣôԲ˳أ짣һͬɺã

Ҫ³Ĭ째е죬³һ£ͨȾҪ׼ʳģôͻȻ

Ѻþûһչգɷ㽣¥粻û󷹣ôɣ
ǡĻɷἱŽ뽣Ķġߣһ³

ԸĲʵأ޸˵һɨŵįѺ˵߰ɣ
Ĭ짲ҵҲֹһڡͤĽӼɷһͬе֣ΪǻߵͤȴԽ


ɷ˺Ҫʲô
Ӳɵøе棬ղеţɫҲֿǳ죬֪Ĭ짷ʲô£

˵ĶһϵŴ˾ֳɰܣ𡣶̹˽ԽֻУԲȥԼˡ

šɷǽںˣﲻ̾ȻӿɽҲɷȷҪһ˿ǲܻรɷĶʱ̲סڵ

ţеƣӦôû˵⻰⡣ַ˼뵽˸ղһֱ˵ƹļ֮ˣ峡սʹǽҪŵ˵ĻɷΪԥ󣬻ԭ˼ӡ

Ӽӣ˵һӶ·ȻЦɷˡ
ʱɷŻȻԭԼ룬ǸղȷʵǳںԼԼϹ֮ߣԼ˵Ľ壬̾˿̣ҵ˲ˡ
ǰʤĽȴһֱǴơ

ɷϰĹϵ
šһû壬ϲɨصĬҲԼģûлϰҲܾûˣ

֮ǰǱչأæڽ£ȴˣԼӦҲûʱŶԡ
ʵʱÿ춼ʥ塣ʱҵĶ֣벻ӵȻղꡣ

Ȼʥ˵˵ݷãϰ£ܹýǰտҲʥԼϾǸ˽öʣʹԼҲܰе¶
ԭڱлϰʱ֪ɴ

ţʥٺѵһ߳ѵõĵ֡
һ̸ʥˣеǳ档أ

ʥʤһ
𣿡
ŵĻǵѧϰգڴǷǳУȴҲʤ˽űˣһ˷ǳĶɷﲻҲͬ

Ľʱƭ㣿
ûС

ɷһ̰ɣ
δٿһ֡ڴ˾ֽһʱͻȻƮ˲ȵζɷһŵζ³ȥˡ

ԭղ˺Ĭһͬǵȥɴˣ¡ɷＱҪȴץס
ɷ°ɣЦ˵

ǲҰɷڼӵЦʱеɻ
ǰڻȻ֮ʱޱ˵ҪΪ³ѵõĺûᣬͱֹˡ

ǡ˿Ϊ³ȴΪԼ³ɷš
ȥæ羲úο˵ʤ

ǡɷȻòףȥæ
ɷĪ˶ҵĳŵ

⡭
Ӯңɣ˵š

ô֣ɷ޿κΣֻȡһˣ壬ʱҲѽ磬¥֮ڸǲӯ硣

޵ĳտһġ
ԣɷü΢Թһ³һ¡УԼϲһΪɾ͡ 

޵һЦСǰ񿴡˵ɷķǳˡ
ǵȻϻشһ֮ҲûС

Һ޵짵
ǵһͻȻ̸˹С飬ʱ˵ϲСҲȻԲǣңֻشԵ֮ܿܣҺܻгԼһʱ
ȻЩǰԼôԲϲԼµһԺͯ¥磬պҲڴ͡

Ǹǡû˵ҲĬʶҲܵôõĽ̻ᣬȻôõһ԰

ˮˮ㣬ǣ¥Ųôµ壬޵ĸܱ
ڻȻ֮ڣʱ¥ڳֻ뼸ˣ֮ûиĽԡĬɷﲻһǲ¥˼ҵĸо޸ܵʲôǰػ

˵ǰ˴Ӳͯ¥磬ҲӲŮ짺ҿ˵Ƿǳˡ

ɷлʮ짶޵չˡͻȻ
̧ͷ˵˶н֮ŶԣǶչˣ

ǰȻ޵Ĺ¼ţΪԼ뷨޷ǿ
ԭָɷﲻЦʵܼҸ͸еԼҲſ֣Ҳˡ˵ţƺԶ³һ¹ڻ

úӡ˵ŻͬʱҲһ壬ЦˣôͰΪĵʦΣ
⡭ΪѧģôԺҪγƺźãǸȻ֮ˣԶǽϲΪǽʦ

Ϊˣ
ǣּæϣ֪λش

ôרҶģں˵¡ֻϣܰ壬ҪݼΪʦ
áԭԼģɷҲֻרעϣȥ



ʱţѵ޺ĬҲ׼˷ḻĲȡڹ緹ɷָ¾ƵĹڴϺ֮ʣȾǼů֮¡
ɷ˽˰壬ǸȥϢһ£ɣ޹˵š

ѣϲɷµľƣͱ¡
Үʲôʱϲɷµľˣ޽ɷĹǳԴװЦʽӡ

һֱͺϲ
ร֪ǰҪԼҫ󣬱˳ģһ¡ձĸоʵڲܣǲҪ˵ɲζˡ

ˡɷô˵ֿʼȥ᲻ġ
ôɷյʱΪռ𣿡

ѽ˺С֮Ļ£Ͻ黳ǽӲԼϡ
һŵǧô¾Ƶ£ɷæɣ

Լֲлᶯ֣Σֻ÷Ķӵߣ΢ЦǾ鷳ˡ
˵΢Цɷʱģʼæ¾ơ޵תĬȴҲʹЩΣǽ漴˵޵ĳʵǾѡ

รղųԷʱҲֻɷЦȫģڲſȻתƻ⡣ϲ𣿡
ֻҪ£᲻ϲ

ѵû˵ĻȻ˻ĻŭţͲֻ֪Ƿֻģ仰뷨
Ҫ̫Ӳźáƺᵽ˵ʲôһش

ûڣ˻۸۸Ϊ³ɲƣͬ¾һ㣬Ҳǳ⡣
㻹¾һ£

ûе£ɷ꣬ûκ
ֵĺзȵӣȴĵ⣬Ӳɵϲ޵Ĵˡ

⻰˸ж
ʱɷΪǶ˾ƣմ˿ڣɷµľ˲ģ
ɷرΪµľƵȻ޲ˡŴ

ģĸ˵ģһɷصµľơ
Ľ𣿡

ѽĽֲȱ֣ôٿɺã
ҲãɷΪ¾⣬̸ģڴĵĻǿһԸ١

ԣе㲻ζǹ⽫Լ⣬ôﵽҫĿģܲ˳أǲ顣
ϻĬҪȥȡٹרĵ٣һƣҲʱɷＰĬ˵Цⲻޡ



ҹ޶һڻ¥Ĭ짼ɷԻطϢϻ¥ޡ

վԡ
ǰ꿴

˽ɷͬͤȵͼȻļį顣ףȴҶɷı¾ǴյС컨Цӭˡ

ửʲôأ
ǽɼʲôͬ

ƺǷǳӡ
ôһ㡣

ʻʱֵ¡ͻȻ˵
סȥ꣬һʱɷѸ֪ԼһУʵеۡ

޷˱ʣͷڽӵǰǰᵣĵ귢ְʱǻҲǡ
ҲС֮ѧ˵Ļ

ˣ΢΢һЦ겻Сֻζѡ
𣿡

ȻһʼĸĻ֪Ƿܣ
ᡣϾⲻһѼ飬þһĿǲС

ȻϣҪ׷꣬ǵΪܡ
ޱĿŰ׷Ĺ̡ʱսս׷ʮ࣬Һû첻ˣڹŷǳҸ

ޣ⻭ǿðʹ˵Żע⵽ٻĲ֡
᲻뻭ͼԼVһĻҲ͹ڴϡ

ţ˵ڴ˵ʱ¥ɫԣΪδ˻û㼰أ
ʵص㣬ίΪǣû档

㲻⣿ӵͷա
ģɷߣһֻᣬռȫƫǱߣѹ

صĴ⡣
ĺܿԵʮְԹ˵

Ц
ڸˣ

ûе¡
ղЦڸţǾ˳ˡҲĵĵӣ˵ôźã

˵ء
룬ˣˣ

Ȼˡ
ɷԴġ

Ȼ⡣
һİͽһİˣܲأ

ˣζܣ
ǰǲܣµĴ֪ҫأ

ţĩǾ仰˵ԭ֪ԼôԼˣǽʵ˭ģ
û̧ͷѲµıΡ˵أҲɷĹԳøղȥԡʱᡣ

ıۡ˵ţƿޣҪתطȥ޼״æԱס
¥ˣǻʵҲӦ

¾ɷ˵ɷǴӦϣȻͲᱳš
껹ʣ޽ӰЦʡ

ֻ˵𰸡
طʱٸ𣿡

ڲ˵
ɷ꣬ҫôܣǸȫµҫˣ

㡭Ǻʲôǵҫ
Ҳֻǰֳһ棬ѵ겻Ȩ𣿡ľ䲻ͣĥš

ҩɾȡ
ֻܾȣ𣿡

ϵˣ˵ţ˫ʣĶ
ӵĶ޸е˷ܣʵֻҪ궼ϲ𣿡

šûɡ
ɷһ£

£
ֻһʱͻرᣬڱǰʱȴ۸ᡣ

𣿡
Ȼ

أ
Ǹһ²С˭Ҫһ춼ɷһ᲻ܺ˵˵˽ܵĻﻹģ

˽ܵĻ˵ģЩ첻ʺ˵ɡĽ׶ζѡ
ҹǶ⻭¥ôԼǸĮİˡֻ˵ɷ꣬겢ûи˵ҪģתԹ

ţӲ˼
꣬ᵱǲƽϣǱһʱ⣬ȴ˷ᵱǼƽϡǽӿǲƽ¡

һҲںɷң
˵ںǲܣں

ⲻһ
һ˵ţֺȻ̽뽣ӵḧš

ޣеˡ
ģ֪ʲôطЩ£Щطʲô¡Ҳ֪ϱȽůԲڴ˵غ

ЦûܴﵽҫĿģһʼʱҲĥһΪֻû뵽һĥ޵Ĵѿʼ֡㰡
ôˣЦʡ

Ҵ𰸺ˡӵͷ޵˳žԼǴ
Ҫط֮ѵԼطЦʣҹҪڻ¥磬ǹӵĻȻ֮

¥ͺáǵýʮܣ˼±Ӧš
ãٵһº𣿡

ţӲžʣе޴Ƚ¶ȥȻص˺šȫͲס

ÿֻҪ޶Դ˴ǣӾͻرУ룬ɵҪֲնԼС


ȻҹһˮķƸ꣬Ҳֻҹ޲ܶռӣ¥ļį




粻Ⱦƪ˼֮ ߣ

ԭԼýҪȻ֮ҹޣһҪĬŸӣĵص¥硣

ƻʱ֣ԼУȻִ¥ʱȴլԺһˡͤţֱĬ짼ɷɹŸ֪ڹ


Բеơƣҹǿղã¥ҲǺ칬ټϽ꼻ʢ˹Ϊ
ǰڵɷЦŻش

ʱĵص֪ͨⲻĵ֮£Ͳ֪к⣿ʥҲһʱ䣬˾һ֮ڻȻ֮¥磬һֱûٵǸط

ڴѼ飬ƺѱǵദȡ

ôɷǸýһɡˡ˵
ȻŴţһĬ짱լڡ

Ĭ짵ӲЦĺˡ
ҲǡֻЦţûشӵĻƺǳ졣

ร
ţ

ûС޵ȻףֻǣԼΪҪɷ֪ȥĬô룿
ôʱĵص㣬𣿡

뷨ڴʱĬȡɡȻݸӡлôǰˡ
õġǶϲȥ



ѳ¶â֮ʣϸ׷ɵĹ£ֻԼɼ˿Ʈ

٣ҲڴżĽŲһ뵽֮ѿõһĻǰʱһ䣬¶еϲá

һδգһѩ׵Ӱǳɡڹҫ£ϵı飬ǰԼڴ˴ʱӳĮһõ̸ʱܼЦա

βͬˣΪ˹ϵĸı飬ҲԼһĹ֮ᣬԲŻ΢Ц

룬һҲǳڴҹĹ֮Ŷԡ

Žӿ빬ЦָͣĲң˵һ·ˡ
㰡˵ţɡ£пš

ôˣ˽ӣ֪ʱĻ֪ͨýٸ˵أһ⵽ԹȴıԹ֮ΪĿڱԹĻôнڿĲһ
ûͻȻ˵

ţ¶ǱԹԼеʧ껹ǵãʵ
ôˣҪո߳ǰѵáЦţ˦ӣڲϵ顣

ʵһϸ겻ϵʱҹص¥ʱҲҹ֮³ɡСȻҶʹʱ鷭ӿΪΣͬǣӭԼصģǰ

ʪģڱǼ⣬ȡζ
һβʪģ
һ·ۂ°ڻ⣬ҲʪЩҪʵϲɡᡣ

ʱҪֿڴΪ˱ҹĻ᲻Ҫβǿ޵飬ֵĮ

ڱԹˣӴӲԹ£˵߱ˣ⡣ԼĹںǻ䣬е֪롣ҹἰѵѲϲɡԼ
ıԹأߵ̶λ£˵Ǻܾûˡ

껳𣿡ֻ֪Լ룬ЦŽƵһԣȻһԵﻺ˳ɷ׼ļȡ
̫ǵĻ䡣

޳ͤҪͷڴ˾ۻãȴΪĵطǰˣԺҲˣΪٵĻ֮١

Դ˵еĻֿѵᣬҲֻĻ֮뵽ˣвȻǼǵԼ޵ĸ飬Ҹı˴˵Ĺϵôкκʧģ

ǵֿźΪ˸ǵúúϧ˵ԵֲŶԡ

ģǰǰذںеĶʱӶǶˡ
ûأ
ǰװһֱڵԼҲϰĵȴѳϰߣ˲뵽ʧȥһ顣ֱݷ¥磬·ľͷӰʱ֪Щ޷Եġ

겻ȱϯֻҪԼˣһԼǸ֮ˡ
ûأ

ôĺᶼҪ׷ꡣΪЮ˲޳еĶֻ֮ʱ
Ȼ겻ɢλˡ

ţ
˵Ļ᲻ţ

ΪΣſϽԼᣬ𣿡ʵ
Էɣ
¾ͲٶˡǽھԵϵĻǵĹϵԽչܡ



¥ɷæ֮԰

ʱĬ룬ǻڴˣʵɷôˣ
ڵ㡣΢΢Цš

ңĬ째еʣƽǲԼġ
ϦԵţ֯ŮǱҪˡϲ

รһ춼Ϊ뽣Ĺ֮æţ¡
ѵ㲻֪ϦɷһۣﲻԹ

ˡ֪³ߣæµһϦţ֯Ůᡣ
ɷﲻ̾ĬȻܹ۲΢ЩǲϣҲֹһ׶ζѡ

ôˣһ̾ĺ棬Ŀ
ûʲôشɷת΢Ц˵úǾҪˡ

顣Ȼţ֯ŮĹֻǴ˵ӵһһȴҲ档
ǰţ֯ŮĹһġɷ

ţ
మ˲ζǵйţɲ֯Ů˼࣬Żжϲȵæᡣ

ɷһֱûб䣬СΪءĬ짿дǻӦĻΪϲȵ˻ԲŻẦһֻܼһ𣿡
Ҫϲȵ᷸˲ɷü˵

ԣĬЦˣǰһ뵱뽣ϲȵĿ˵֮ϲȵ

ЦʲôĬЦеʡ
ûʲôֻǾӵܿɰȴ˵ڡ

һȡЦҡɷ϶ȡЦԼ
̫ˡ˵ţҪڣɷ漴ס䣬Ĭתʵôˣ

㲻ҿǵ᣿
Ĭһ㶣Լʵ̫ģû뵽˲ڣöأϴá

ɷﲻ죬ôľͷһҪԼ˲ŶҪǵͤǰ̨º𣿡
Ҳáִš



ҹϦģ
ýϦҪڻȻ֮ҲÿЯǰࡣǽʱȴͻȻҪټɡԱԸ֮

Ȼһֱڴ˼ƮӰһȴΪ̫ͷĬǣԲŻٳδϹ

ôӿأȻҹţ֯ŮǵᣬֺҪⲻէǲͣĹأ˿¥Ļüһֵ

ѽҹ磬¥ꡣ갡Ϧ˼ˡΪԼ˲طĽڡ
˵ˣ䴫˵ֻ

ǣţǣӺŮߪ֣Ū̡ղ£ꡣӺǳȥӯӯһˮ䣬žƱͷ׷ɵ˿ﲻš
ޣҹǰΪ˵ˣǱһͬڻȻ֮Կǣţ֯Ůǵģû뵽ڴ˵¡

֪ǵĴ˵
жš

˵Σ
ţǱԼ˵£ҪȻܾܾǵĹ¾ǧĿڶഫԼϵɫ֮󣬳Ϊһ˵İ¡˵硣Ҹ˵һأ

ҮǰӴӲԼ£û뵽Ӧϲ˵һɣ
һ£ʴ۵ĵλ֯Ůһţɵ鰮˱ְԲŻᱻ۸𿪣һֻϦһ档

˵˱˵ȥ޲̾Ǽģе˵˶罣һ㣬ûκι¿ˡ
Ҫ˵һôٶԴ丽ᡣ

Ҳԡô˵ҲҲֲֵ˵ţֻǷˣΪŮںϴʱ͵ѣʹŮ޷ڷΪޡʴ֪ˣץŮͥţ˼֯ŮС׷ȥȴĸԽӻ һӿӽǸֻңңȴˣֻøںӰͷ˼
ร

ʴȴҲ̼ģӦÿϦϲȵ޽˵
λţе㲻ֶˡ

ЦʵǰҲҪӵ£֮԰Լࡣ˽ӵĻָţɣҲ˵Լ
ôˣΪǲͬԼ˵

ת˽ӣıӷϣЦΪֶΣоԽ𣿡
Իش⡣

𣿡ЦţȻһˣ
˵أᴥգ

ʵϵŮ˼ˣᵽ˼һˣͲֶεţɹԵأûлشʻּ˵ţ֯ŮĹ¡
ร˵ʲôֻ΢ЦӦ



죬԰꼻ʢɷ˯⣬ȴּ˵ϦĹ¡
д˵ɽ֯Ů˼Ľ䳾£͵͵·ѰɾŻἤŭʴۡ
ţǽҹ˵ĵ˵Ĭ짺֪˼˵

˵ֻҪ磬ͻɻɮ˵ߣ˼һ̡
˼֮£ûнôЩҲɣš

ֻҪŬĻһ޷ټȥ
ô˵˼֮ˣ

˵ǵġ
ɷСĬ째оʱɷͷѾпļϡʵҪϢ𣿡

ɷҡͷҪٶһÿϦҹʱձţ֯ŮᣬӦҲŶԡǲ֪ΪνԵرۣ۾һֱҪϣҲǽæŹһµĹϵٵһ£ţ֯ŮľҪˡ
áȻôҲҪطȥ

ڹǿţ֯ŮǵġɷŬ۾ϵӡ
ȥڿ꼻¥ﹲϦ˵ĶյĻ䣬ʱĬҲһԡԭڻȻ֮Կˣһ˵ӳɡ㽫Լ֮Ϊ
µġĬ짵

ǰȴţ֯Ůӵˮ
Ҳԡ

šӦɷصƤҲŲ
ɷĬ짵Ӧ֪˯ˣпԼ

ССǵһα˻֮ʡʱļ٣ֻԼһ𳤴в⣬ûжʲôԼȴŲһĸо

룬¥һֱûŮԿɷһܼį



ػȻ֮ɣͻȻ˵
ţڶδ޵ĹҲδˣͻȻҪʱҪȥӸеʡ

ŽҹصȻ֮Ļü
ʲôüǴ㳹ҹ̸ԼԼͻȻҪػȻ֮Ϊʲô

꿴ţ֯Ůģ
ţôˣǸı⡣

ΪɡᱧŰ٣˹ķΧһ̤ͬ¶飬˵ΣЦ
¥ȽϽβȥҹУҪŰô·ʵǲס

Үҹѵõļѽڣ͸˶Ļɣ
ţ޴죬ѲĬɷ֮˽չ

뵽ʲôˣ
ɷ

ᶼˣɷҲȥɣЦţٱڻ
лʱβĬ짵˼ӳɡߵͤޡ

Ҫᵱǵϲȵ
ұϣ˳Ȼͺãվഺ

һᡭ
˵ţ˲뿪˹



ҹʱ֣Ʈ˿ĬŻɷɷȴûκζһǳƣۣŻ᲻֪

ȻƽΪֵ¥Ĺʵûдǰĺãǲ̫顣

ŮӵǽΪħһǽǰͷ档شĽѾȫԭɷȴԵóӡ

뵽ˣĬᣬٽлֻýӯʵڹСĬ짵ԼһСıŪˣǶΪᡣ

ֻûоطĬվԭԥš

ɷ˵Ľ׶εУʱΣ֮ʣΨһܼǵõıǽ󻳱ůôҹио˯ʲôҲ֪ɣ

Ųµϸ꣬Ĭ짲ͣ㽫ɷﱧ



һصȻ֮ź˰٣ޱ㼱æŽ´档

㲻˵Ҫڿţ֯Ů𣿡
᲻·մʪģЦ

ڹ˼٣｣ӵһѱʪڽӻط·ʱޱչæȻҲ˳µ뽣

鷳һص㣬ǻصԼõĵطյʵǴ¡
ֻٿɡΪ˰ģ޵ش𣬿ɴԲڽǡ

ֺαڽҹأǰñ˵ڴڻȻ֮ԼԿǣţ֯Ůǣ֮ʱԼʵڲ輱ڽ

᱾깲Ǻ̲סҪڴ˼ѽһ
ںͽ˵ţ֯ŮĹʱͻȻڻ¥뽣̤ǺԼ䣬ҹȻӦһ¡𣬱㽫ţ֯ŮĻһԣҪ뽣Ӽס

ţԭҪţ֯ŮֻǽڣҪĻǺԼȡʵǡ뱧Թ޵ĽͻȻתֳ޵ķ˿к¡

𣿡Цʡ
Դȥ꽣ӿʼȡ󰮺һҲΪ޿½·ֻҪЩʱ޾ͻ˶Ϊ˷뼤顣

ΪǺҲڴԼѰ㣬ֻԼһҪ

šӦȫİǵС
ڹʱҪˣﲻģ

ʯ̫С㣬ټϰ޴ɷţ˲ʺϵĳȻһ뽣ڻȻ֮¹ɽ֮ᣬŲtĵϣΪסǴֻ⣬Ҫǹʯ֣ӾԲӦΪ֪֮޵Ȼѡٻطסˡ

Ӷ𣿡
֮ûʲôԡ

ŽӵļԾؿڣֻҪྭ֮˰߰ߵĺɫۼˣӵѿʼ˱仯ٲǱҪܵĽϡ˷ͣæһӣ˷ĵơΪӲϲŵԼѣÿһ׶ʱɺڰţ֯ŮӦҲįŶԡֵ

ʵԴӽӻصߺ޼ʹһ˶¥ҹҲϰ߽ϨǰƶΪϲǺȴΪϽӶеį㲻Ҷڰҡ˽ŷֺҹôĲ˸еį

㡭ǲţ֯Ůʧˡ
Ҫ˵ḻǶأ

ǡŻصһ룬޵ķ˿ǶԽӵǰ¸дӽӵļ𣬲ӡ
ûӦĶС

ÿÿҹһʱ󣬶ĴûлӦĶˣӺʱˣ

Ӳڴģ

ƽ¥ʱ޻ִ磬ڻȻ֮Ļ󰮿ǲְҹҲϰߡ޵ȴ̼Žӵдֻ޷˵㡭

ҵĺڣöҲ֪֮ѽƲʵķӦ֪ΪӲϰûκΣ԰޶ҲֻȡǰѡϨ˵ơ

Ȼ˿Ѳǽ޷ķӦҲΪĽϣеԼƮƺС


ƣ˷֮ǸķˡȻÿεĽ֮ĻӦԶԼڴ

Ȼ貨֮ɶʱ̤ǺԼףôϲȵţţ֯Ůᣬֻںӵ˼ΪԼ

˼֮ɣԶΪԼС






粻Ⱦƪ

¥ģö¥޶Ը٣Χƣ¥ɾ

к߿֮漴üתΪͳԹ뵽ʲô֮¡

ֱ֮ͣʣɷ˱Ჽ׼ʱ㣬һʱԣˣĲˡ
ÿǰϰЦݣǿˮֱˣǹػĽ֮顣

°ɣ˵ţڡ
˵ɫʹףȻķƽɷｫϣЦʣˣ

˵ΪԶ֮ɷס״ʱϣ̸Խɼ˼Ծ˴˻⡣

һۣɷ֪˼֮Թ̽ʣԵΪԼơԴӽȥǵŴʱ

ǰָأ̲סʱǰȥȻ֮̽˼֮ȴȥǵҪأԴʵԹš˵ʲô֮ǰʵűػϯᣬܲȥ

Ȼ޲ô롣ΪȻ£ǹ֣ʵٹʲôŰᡣôһڴˣȥԶأţԽƽΪУ¥Ĳýʹȫ¡ոµĴߴ٣ֻ㲻ᶨԼΪνﻹŵЩ£

ˣ㽣ǰɷЦ
ü˿ڲ裬˵ȡЦˣ

ɷﲻҡɷЦСͰ˼ʱ飬׿ǳᣬﲻһ˿ɱ

Ĭ짶֪Ҳֻнɼˣԭ԰ҵҰĵ¥ԸȨ׷𣬰ֹ

¥Ц˵ҵСѾͷԴ֪ڽɼ󣬶ռ˲ٱˡأ
ĬûдӻȻ֮

ʱ䣬ǸûŶԡ
ĬûΪȻ֮ĻôʱӦѻص¥硣ڽӳڼ䣬ĬÿնȥȻ֮ѲһˡʱҲͬУȥӵסվ£ŵһϻȻ֮飬Ҳʱ֮ľ󣬲ϻ֡

ɷϻȻ֮ѵõĺõطÿ˶ʱԲؼɻԼ¡ǻȻ֮ղ¥мҵĸоôǸ˵ľҲΪȻˣ͸Զ¥磬Լܳס˹ҲȥŶԡ
šɷЦŵͷ

ߵһԵĳǰϣһԵˮ̹ܣȼͳ˿ڡ
˷š

鷳¡޵Ҳ˵Լĸܡ
ҪĿ𣿡
ŶǲٹĿҪΪŽĸǳҪȥ⣬ҲἰһŻ£ϣҸʱǰȥŮӻ档޶Դ˶½ԲȤһʼźлκ㲻ٻӦҲš

ˡޱĿճ˿̡
˶ѾܾˣΪνĸһֱţ
ɷἰŽĸˣ¥󣬲˺֪ΪŽĸ뵽ţ

˲żüãȱһˣ
Ǵǰûʱ޻ϲ¡Ѷ԰ҵҲֻǺͽȻȹһȥµһȣ

˹˲ԣܱȡɷЦ

ȷʵûܱȵϱΪ׵ѺκɡҮǻˣƮİƣ˵֮ġɷﲻʱʵ˵꽣һԶţɻʲôţ

ԣɷһЦ飬ĻḺɫ㥣ղ

޲ǵĴ£Խڸϲĸǲȥ׽Ůɫǵʥ˴ڣôξڱ˴ػΣߣĳʱ̸ɵýӱԭߡԵãǽѲޱԹš

ɷһۣʵָʥǰˣ
ȻʥԼ˵УҲΪѹޣɷԲһǰԭǵ꽣ӵȣԮ֣ҲڵõҸ¥ޡ

ǸΪǵļһͼ
ÿֻҪᵽʥ٣ɷҲϰߣο֮ǰûж飬˺ʥǰ׷󣬽Ȼֻ֮顣˭ԽȻ

⻰ŰοЧãЦ˵ĵķ۰ѡ
ɷһЦСΪأȻġ

޵Ŀٴƻգ̾㧣Ͳ֪ϵİ񣿡
ɷĿ⿴ʣյİŽʴ˰ƣʵʱ̹ĵȥ֮ˡɷǴ˼֮飬˱Ϊ֮ж˵紫Զơȥˡ

ѽ꿴¥ﴺƺ㶯ˡⷬ˹ͣƫƫơ㼣٣ֱϧ԰Ӵ̣βùģ
ҪǼˣȻͼ齻ǲһ˼֮

˱ٵģŴἴҲǹƼշӦµĽ֮ࡣ

ĪػڣĶ꣬Ϊ׵Ҫ÷磬Ҫ꣬ȴôҲ󲻵ҹԡҡͷ̾
ԲΪνԸһסڻȻ֮ҲԸԶԼҹһ˶ǿտĻȻ֮ʵɪǸ˻ȡůʱŶԡξǲԸ⣬ҲΪԼռȥǿ

¥Ȼ֮ȥԶ˽򲻼ŻԹ˴˷Ǳزҩ

ɷǵļŻɧԼ֮δڴ˼ʲôƣΪЦ籾ǿţ˻ܿŵϢȴ˵Ѷ˼Ҳѹֲ˵ĺΣҪԼǲıԹ˵Թţ

ΪԼȫٺͽֱǵţһٶֱĽɼ

ԼŮȣɷЦӣ벻Ǳ׳־˾˱Լ
ѽǳˣֻƾưĴȥ᲻ί𣿡ϵĸ˵

Ҫúòֻ֪Ҫ˿ڣ˳ĳ̶ȣ޲ٰ˳ӡ
ϡӵʱҲҪеİοΪΪ˷£Ŵѷ꣬Ҫ˳ŵþŶԡȥΪë̺С

ҹշתߣǵ¥ȥʱɷﵽԷҲˣת¥ѰȥȻ

ǰںͽӸδǰΪ˵ģ⼸Ѳˣҹ޷߿ɷеǳᡣ

ƾĶۣǰֻк£˽Ӽ⣬ûѡޱһ޵ߣȻܲһ˵Ĺ¶ԲŻҪĿ飬ʵҲֻнݻ豹棬ƽ

ãȥá
ɷ˺󣬱ת뿪ͻ̾ƺδȥ˹ĺⶫ磬Ϊᴵʹ

ɷﲻ֪ЦǸѹΪⶫŸմߵðٻʢǴĺ




ĺ˹ʵأǰİһڴʱѿʼл겻ʱƯˮϡ

ӣ꿴һˮ޾ϲ
ţӾɰôִڴʱɵΣֻΪһˮ񡣡

Ү²ֵ˽֪ʱˡҡȣЦҸܺһ̸ĵ飬֮£ԲΡ֪Ϊôġ
޲˵ɼԲС

𣿡޿ԵĽӣЦ͸ԶΣԳĺйòաڼ˴һˮʱȴ˵ʱ絯ָһ˲ʾѽԹ

ڰ
ʱɲǵʧΪ겻ϲΡ᲻úֿƫƫҪ뼺ȥʱֻǰ֮ԼʵҵҪͬȥ

޶ˡҲ뷨ֻΪҲǷ֮ʡ
Ǻ겻ϲᡣ

ɼĽιǹ¶ס˵Żͬʱסӵֻ֣ѩΣɵ᲻ϲɵɫһ򣬵еǡ

ڴʱ紵ңһ£ˮӯӿޣָգ˵˵뿪ˡ
ӡ


ǸԼյĴȣЦһץסͻȻգ۾ӵģˡ꣡
֮࣬ǰĽ¶΢Цʵˣ

ţ޶룬ղ˻һԣִʱ¥Ļ԰𣿵ΣΪνʣѵޣһˡ

Ŵδӱ뿪ֱ¥磬ȻػȻ֮ǰѲӵĬ짺ͬУҲĬ짲Żƽ顣

ҮˣУΣĴҲδ̫ʵЩս֣¶ȣ֤ʵĹ

Ȼǡ
һ¥ʱɷ㼱Ÿ޶˼ҹΪ޷˯Ծ͵¥ȥڻ԰СɷҲ˵Щ޵ֱ͵ԼȾôʱһʱ̾ƺżį

ᣬᲽ԰ޣ֪ѵǰ˯ڲ̻֮£ֻ˯աֱζü֮ģȥļϡ

ôǶΪᴵʹˣ¶˲ŵ΢ЦԼСº˼ҹ˻ͻȻǰİ̾ŻǶΪƹˣ
ţơ

ģ
һ㶣ƶֺ֣֮⣬ָֻԼ˼˶ѡȻôˣϲԼΪٲƮƣӦԼ԰ĵĹϵôңӹʵ

˽ӵӣںһƮİɫԻѵõٷ֡ܲ룿

˵ûصܲŶԷҲֻ߲ˡϢ
ת壬ʱůɹ紵Ȼмֺ⣬һСĿ»˷纮

ȻôᣬӵҲ缺һôǲϴ󷽸Լ޲ҡͷ
ⲻˣ

ȷʵǱԤڵ飬Ҳ˾ϲӵĳԶŶ޶ԣһһ̶򲻷Ķ
Ǹ߲һֲֻ޵ͷǶ䲻ᣬ߸˵˼֮ˡ

Ҫˣ⽣ӴҲ߲񣿡
㰡ÿΪ׵ĴСʱͻġ

֮ϲĲһֱֻнӴҽˣҪúΪῴﲻˣ
ó⣬ϽĶϣЦȣҪúκͶ

𣿡޾ýӽƻ¾ΪԼ𲡣ἰͶʱ־ƺԤ֪ڴ˽ٵܣϲüң׽ַڴϱòҽΪЩҲõÿ졣

ţӲĶֻǽϽԴɷＰĬ짡ƼʵΪףתʵղʲôΣüΪ·ģ

𣿡ԭղſԼʱı飬ôﵣΪɵԼΪĸԲŻ¶ĵЦˣ
Ը˵Ļ

޸Լº棬Ц긽
ôأ
ӽߣ׼˵ΡȴֻסĲӣҧĶ䣬Ӿ㶣գ㡭

ʲôô͹
ɷ̫˽ԼĸԣòεýӹѵõĶ£ûԼĺǾԲðȻ
ϵڸټȻӲϣñ˿˵ܡ˹أɲǺð

᲻ʲôζѡˣ˵ţһҲԼ˹ء
ҧԼ˵Щ޹ص޷ǽԼȡҪȫ𣬴ʱǼǿˣֵҪ˵Σôص㲻᣿

޵Ѳٶڶϣ˳ž໬ǣҲλ̽뽣ӵ½ڣֹԸΪˣ

ÿʱǷǳڵڽϷĴ档֮ʱζҪΪв۲۵ֻͻȻ־᲻ǰ˿ڰˡɵĽڣ˵˵

˿ǰ̺Ҳ֪ѸٴΣдҲʵ̫ǣǿ粻ˣɡӻδϣɵӿ죬޵ָԽ˽磬ڲõĵطĦޣҪɷ׼˲ߡ

᲻ʲôҪɷ׼˲ߣʱҲֻǶ޲Ķֻ̣뽣ӻϵζȻ󲻿֪޵ļﲻǻȻܷ֮ڴʱˣӼ

ԣͻȻЦÿνֹԼʱ׾ʱڻȻ֮һ£ŽӾԻнɵ󻶡

ֻǴʱټҪ㽣ӵİοҸղ֪ûȻ㣬г̶ʱѰĽһ˵ŴᲢûͷɵ֮⡣

ǲʱˡŽӻشſ֮ˣ˵μͷ׵Ӣͬ¡

޵ͻȻ֣Ӳɵ˿ҲЩ졣ȻأŻͬʱ·ĵȻƼ澡ʧȻ֪޵Ĺϵ˴󷽲ҲʵΪ

Ȼӽŵģ޷ԵһɲؽҪɡ󣬶վǰѾպȴǿװ侲ĽӣЦӣģ

ظٴ޶˼֮飬ȻĽֺγˣ

¥ĻһƮ˼˼ӿȡȻʱ˵νԲʺߣڽŲʱĽҲֻһЦ




ǳ̺ʱ֣ȴҵ꼻㡣
ʱڣֻ¥˾˳ʱķҷȡ꼻ɾ͡ÿڷ꼻ֵ꽣ڴ˹ҹʱζڡ

վڴصǰ˫ֻпĻ
ʲôԷʱ£ʲôԼ˵ĬڳҲûпڡ
ûʲô

𣿡޲ĻΣɽ¡
Ӳ̸˼˵㲻ҵĶ˺ۼƽҪǺۣѡ·֮ɽȴ¶⡣

㷢ˣԭŴ£µ¥ûˣ겻⡣
ӵͷ֪Ҳ˵ޡ޶겻˴ΪԼСŻ鲻Խܶ

̧̾ͷ֮죬ֱΪ¶ѡһѹڴϣ˵᲻̾Ŵ᾿ʲô£
޻ҽӲûܵͬ٭Ӱ죬ͷȥɵȴ֪ιԵ䵱ԼҪͬʱķӦ䵭ڴ˼֮Щʧ

޶ˣŴĻʲô£
˽ͣԾòԾµĽӿʵǸʥȥ𣿡

ţӾ㶣ȷʵʥٴ˻ôᵽ
˶԰ɣ֮ǰǽ˵ʥٲ뿪ȣҲᰲķǰȥšӳɣȻġ

Ҽ뾡ἰ£⣬ˣҲֻûش
ꡭ

ޡ˫˵ʥԶֻѣ⣿
˵ɣ֮Ȼңβ⣿ŭǸʥٿ϶֪λϯԲ뿪ȡ

һںȴ˵ڣֻɷ˵ŽĸҪȥ£
ţް˼Ȼɷ˴£ôҲԻ˵¡ǰжʱ佣ӺɷԵҲʱʼѲŴ£ӣ𣿡

Ǻûᡣ
Բĵ޶ֻðˡ֪ĸΪǣԵߣ׷ʵ

ʵýԶԣֻΪƫͷȥްЦһΪ֮³Դף԰ɣ

ԴףҲ֪㲻Դף뵽޶ʥԼ𽣵ҲĸܡҲΪ޵Լ˽ӴԶ޵ĸ䡣ֱ֪ŽĸĻ£ͻȻҲ˲еΣʶʵ˲޶Լĸ顣

Ӳش뷨װɵǡ

Ҫ˵ǺƤ𣿡ദôãȻ֪ӻڴʱ˵ʲô
ţ£תϲ꼻ζ

˼ϲͬˣ
ֻͬҹ޲ŻرҪɷΪԼ꼻㣬ƵĻ»ΪǣҲýӻȻҡ
㰡

ᵣΪεĵŴ֮ģˮ֣֮û뵽ôĻ¡
ϲ⣬ӻظһ׾˽ӵĴӴ˴ηǵûж֮⣬ǳӭޣ֮


ϸĴԤڽϵƲ˵ȻӦƽѵôзӦаϲģ
֮һɽ֣֮ٵƵϣ

ͬĵص˵ƶ֣޴ʱָѲֻ˼֮˶ѡɽҲȱ޷һɵĿԴʱΪơ

ɣӡ
󻶵İӵ𣬸޺׵ػͣ䱳ϡɵؽ⿪·ʳļ

鲻ĽлֻΪȵĴͣǰ
޲ͣ£˱ǰͻ𣬴Ӳ͵ٴʱ˵˵ʱᵱҪúò

㡭ú̸ˣʱߵ޴ӡ
뵽ȥˣӡ޶ϷŪҲֻΪ˱ӲʵشԼ˼֮ѡɷС޶̸֣֮֮
˵ţ˫ۣ̽룬Сĵظš²зӱػԴɬţɽҹķӦʵ޾ϲѡСʤ»飬ڱ˼֮󣬽Ҳ顣

ӣҹ굱ƿɺã

ѵֵزһʵǶ࣬ӲӦֻ漴޹һĨЦظȥ

δھһǰѹֶʱѽйԺֻʣڴϵɣ߰Լȿ뽣´£ʼԼңغϻĸ߳Խţʹý޷˼ԵС


ɽֺ֮꣬ٻף
ڳĺĺȴʧȥᣬǽҹʵʵβüǳ



----------------


ĲĶƪСһȻҪдģԭЦη糾ƪ
ȻˣҵˣĵѣŬδػɹ^^!
̫ûл粻ȾҲ˴뽣ӵദ
ĳͻìܣǸζҲ^^!

Ҫҵٶ̫ˡ
Ǿ͵޺ͽˣЦҸ




ãصС˵ www.27txt.com ӭȥŶ
վԴתԻ˲κθ,֧棬ȨУ