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ҲŹһңһ¶˴Ŀ⣬Ƶº͵˵δϲµǧһ㣬˺ϧ

紿͸¶Ĺâض˵仰Ȼ˶仰ȴ·Ϊֹͣˣֻʣ˫貶ĿĹâ̽ҵС

ԺУҷ·𿴵ƻƮһϺɫĹâҷ·ԼԼ޺޵˵ӽԺκˣ˺㣬κˣ

㲻ù˭ܲӮңСү䣬Ը˵ɣҪʲô

ԽعŴΧĸ۰Լӣȥδӣ

ĥƽļ̣ӿҵŮ춮µӣȴ֪λİ

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ǩԽʱ ת
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һ һԽѻ

һҪȥˣ˵أ׿Խ§ҵļ˵
Σʲôƾ֤˵ҵĸףҲ֡
ڹ¶Ժģ¶ԺеôһƬгֻŬ˲ܳͷءҼþԼԵĴǺͺŬȡ˽ѧĻᣬҪ֪ʥӢ¶Ժÿֻ20˿ԻϴѧĻᡣ
ѧʶڵ׿Խ׿ԽǱȽǮģͬһҾٰһʯչṩʯչһ¼»ˣҺܺΪʲô׿ԽһҪȡչΪ¼»ҪչһҪڰ嵺С
Ϊ⵽չиָǸһģһǸһţһ𣬾ĸҲǸйصˣ
ָԣ֤Ψһ֤ݣһӵ¶ԺΨһĶҶ֮ұҵǿָúɫӴӣǰ
ԭװѶһô΢Сϸڶע⵽ˡͻȻҸĸо
εչڰ嵺һƵƵôһɽϣһϱԱߣƵĲõĽһӾءǵչ⴦ϱ۵ӾԱߡ
ϣҲѾ׿ԽһУȻߵǸҵָָչӾԱߵĵôʯģСĵ߾ͻỬ
ҷߵǸչ̨ԣ¹⣬ϸĿǸָ֣ǰǸָ·ʼһҷ·𿴵չָʼ⡣
С㣬顮׷رȤ
̧ͷԭʯṩ
ָС׷
԰׿ҲܸȤء
ӿ˵ĸоҵѶһǺð
˵˵׿ϲָΪŮأ
ҾۼֱҪˣǺǣҸļֱҪϢˡ˾˶֪Һ׿ԽĹϵֻ˵ĴѧͬѧǽĻȴҾ
ҸղŻ׿Ůڰ칫ǱأǺǣһ۰
Ҽֱõ˹ȵףŮѣܣ
ҲԼĶ䣬ײײ칫ȥԽԽֻЦװѵġߵ칫ſڣŵŷ￴һŮװϣĵЦš
ȷС课һǸ¼˵ŮǸŮ׿Խ
Ǻǣ˾ŲʮֻҪС诺ͷϣЩʯͶҵģʱҪҶ͸㣡
ŮһˣתͷһӿңС
ҼֱţǸŮ׿Խļĸ׿Խְ50ʱȢģֻ30ӡ
һ̻ײײܳ칫ңֻǸеһֱţץס׿Խְֵģ
ҵײײܵӾصչ᳡׿Խܿ׷ңס˵С诣ҽ͡
Ϊʲôÿ͵ȵ˱Ҵ̨ʣ
ſ!˦Ӿص·ǳҰԼҲ˦˳ȥҲײһչֻǲˣչƷûˤչƷɺϵģǺҵָǳġ׷
С诣ѡ׷ң׿ԽĶ˵ҴûôһѽֱҵķеΡ
ߣЦѡ׷ûȥȻ°ɣ
ǵģ׿ԽĸôֲĴأһţôҾǶв
һ㶣ָֻı飬ֻظһ仰ѡ׷ң
óǰǿָһСʱ¶Ժʦҿѧôˣ׿Խ˵ҪôǺǣɡܣ
ҷ˵ҪôɱңҪôߣȻҲԸġ
׿Խĳ˹ĺңң
þȫĸ˴һŤһʱȴûע⵽ѾɽԱߡͻȻָ¹Ĺâҿǰ·ֻǾһգҺ׿Խһ˾ڡ
һ̧̣ۣٿ¹⣬ȴʲôҲָĹâ۶ĿʹҵʶҲģֻǷ缲ٴӶߴҲżʶԼĹ̡

ڶ 

ͻȻúѣҷŷҺıĤͷȥãܺˣ˺ܾƵġͻȻֺĸоұ˳
ۡԣҵôô࣬ϸĿһ긾ŮҲϵѪ
ѪôѪ̧첲ôôС
ϲүǸǧ𣡡ǸŮİұһˡ
ǧѵˣҿǰ˵ʱҳȷҵ뷨һȵı鿴ңϸ㲢أͷǰһƬͷһ٣貵ĹʡˣҲֹһԽˣҴ˹Ŵ
ҳ׻زȥˣҿʼޡ
裬ôˣΪһֱ޸ͣ˧ĵ޴롣ķ˿֪潣ʥȻһС޴ֲҵ⽣ʥŻֱýȥ
Ǵһĵı˵үСǸ˰żþ˰¼
ģҪĻιȥˣƨĵȥ˰ɣҿ޵ĸˣʾǿҵĿߡ̾һӢ˧Ȼ׺˵˵ۣĵıת˺üȦȻǸ˾䣺ͣ
ʱܳһѾݵĴУүСǲˣ
˧ĵͻȻͣסˣ¶𾪵ı飬ҽǸѾ̳ӡұȥӣŵӦþҵĸףɫҰףӦʧѪࡣžµҾ޵СҷģҵǰҾûм˵һ·ǹһҺҵ˧ȫ˹ȥ
Ŷ㿴ǵŮ˧ָѾﱧңѾϰұĸߡ
ҵĸҵȻкᣬ˵ҵŮҿŮҪ뿪ˡ
ҵĵץס֣˵ģŶ㲻뿪ǵġмſ
ﵹǺƽǸѾ˵񣬰С㱧ȥɣ¿ߵʱ᲻ᡣ
ǸѾͷұ˳ȥһҵĽһŶ֪ҵĸ׾뿪ҡ
ͨ˵ϣ̲סģ޵ԽԽҸղŸһҵϣģһϡ
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ҵǺæģԭΪֻȥŻôææĺ֮ɺæɵǲǳ͢ﵱٵأǴ﷢ҵǸʿˣȴкܶ⣬æҲǻҹġ
Ȼ˧ҲǺҵģûϦ¾ͻңһ򴲻˳Զһ򲼣Ȼеҵƨɣ˵䡰СȻ˯š
ҿһʱҵ˵øˣҲһֱĽУ˧ĵһӳ˵һûҵŮ밡һӾúԺҵĵô۰ҡ
үҵÿСԼѡЦ˵ѡЩ֣ץƵģСԼѡһϲָ
һ£ǺⰡԼѡϲľͿԲԺΪߡǵʲôȰʣ֣ҿֱѪͶһ̥ˡ룬ӦǺҺ׽Դɡ
ҷǶˣǵһѧҲȻֻЩҰѸճԽ
ⷭ¶ģѩϿձ̣㿴Ϊѩô˧һڴҡ
ۡһӿ˹ƵҡͷǺãǷڼǧ󻹲ЦұʷᣬЩֹ˾ѵҵıŰҲҵķԺҾĶ˵ѩ̣ǡ͸
Сܲϲأүǻһɡͣĺҡ
ҵϽֻһţ㿴ô櫹Σףͬ
櫹櫹ģûôеģе㲻أôǾеֵֹİ
ûٿޣ˵˵үСϲְ
ҲܸƵģ˵úãҸ߾ŮԺͽи櫹
ȵȣʲôߣҪи櫹ѹ
ۡҿ޵ĸˣһ˺ѷεĿޣҿɲҪЦ֣һģ
ε̾˿˵ˣˣϲٻһˡô
£׿ԽôҺ޵Ĳеأ
ҿ޵ĸˣǿҿͷӶҵĶΪһǹҰ
ڵĲУ˵оá诡ְɡ
̰ˣɴҵ˫۲ţҵȻϱӵ֡
񿴼ҵı仯æ˵үС㲻ˣϲأ
ҵ·𿴵⣬ұԣæ˵ôˣ棬Ժͽиˣ˵ֽ꣬дˡ桱֡Ҷʱһ£ԭǡ桱ǡ诡Ҹ뷢ǵѾ˵ﳤȥˣҵѾעˣܱЩѩ̡ѹ֮ĺö˰ɣ

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Դҽ֮˧ĵҵĹҲ֣С󡱡ֻҼҵһС֣ҵլӽɽׯλϼɽɽסɽׯΪġ԰֣ס԰ȻҲΪ˻ȥסҵġ԰ҵġ
ʱҼҵĴ磬߳Ȼ
һԺһˣͻȻ˽˵Сʰһ£Ȼˡ
ǡ񹧾ػشšһȥʱҾ̣Ȼ˭
ЦŻش𣺡ǴүС㣬ĸ硣
Ҳһ㶣񣺡滹и簡
ͷ˵磬ֻүڼǰġүͺɽİн飬ǰĸͱ͵ɽѧȥˣɽٱ𶥵ΣգүȻǰѴүӻ
ŶԭǸûѪԵϵĸ硣
ұҵĴǰʱѾһ۵ޣһһûѪԵϵˣҵĴ磬߳Ȼ
߳ȻʱѾʮˣӢէһҵĶӡ˵ü䶼·һӢҪǣҲŹһңһ¶˴Ŀ⣬Ƶº͵˵δϲµǧһ㣬˺ϧ
Ȼ仰ʱҺŴҾԼŮ·ƵģǺңһؼ߳Ȼʱ߳ȻҲô˵ģҵʱŭˣ߳ȻһСƨܿ鰡
ʵԺദҲ֪ҵĴһˣԶ˶ĶţԺǶΪǫϹӡҲʵİɡΪŮһҲֻһˡ
ڶݵĺ֮󣬴͵ʼ˽Ƶо֪Ȥı뿪ˣǻû߳ʱҵĳȻ˵˾䣺ףɽһ鲻ǳʦҶɽκɽѵӦʦ˼ϥֻһӣʦԸܰȻա
ڴл˯ȥֻ϶΢紵ҵĶ
һҶҵǲ֪ϱڹ¶ԺﳤģⱲӱ㲻ͣ¹¶ԺĸоҿҪʱҵ˸ӻǴ˵кɽΨһµĺӡʱͣĿޣ޵ķ
˺òãǰĴĸ첲ıҴôûҶ°
ͣһۣȻޡ
Ϊʲôްǣǰڹ¶ԺﰲοСѵοҶˡ
ҵɽɶ˸ˣҲûмˡ
ͳһأǰڹ¶ԺʱЩĺҲôҰְֲҪˡԺûмˡ֮֮࣬ǷĺܡҲģǰҷһСޣ𾢣ǿνġ硱ϴĽʺҵСޣקһ½Ǹҵѣء
ҲͣĺˣˣԺмˣҾãе磬ùãǶģӭůĴͥÿι¶ԺҲôοǵġ
ʩչҵ޵ЦݣȴĲˣһ˫۾ңҵã
ҿϵǿɫУ룺ȻǮ˰ɫϵĻôĸӣӳȴԷֻͻ˻ͷӿ϶Ǯ̫˲šĽҵã
ʲôְҵĶҡ
棬档ĲɵĻشﻹǵǿС
棬á˵ţཱུСҵһۼ
ҷŭĿǰСɫ
˵ĵĶҺã֪Ҳõġͷ·һʤڶôҵģ
⻰ôôŤһѰ˼ǲǹװûƭɫʱһҺյĻԺᾭģ
ǿɫȻıûˣΪĵǸǸ߼ҵ·һ̣Ѿ͹ȥ˵ټӴԺҵĶȻ
ԴӴͶ֮ҵʼḻÿ춼Ҫŵϰ䣬ӢǺĽһ𡣶ֻǸ飬һһȴӢֻӣϴûһС
磬ǲжද֢Ϣʱ
νද֢ͻȻͣĿҡ
һЦද֢ǶͯڳΪ⡣֢Ҫ֢״עϰͻȣɰΪ嶯ѧϰѡͨǰѧ֢״ԣ𽥺תֲꡣ 
ǶĹУѾЦĵЦʵİ׿ˮҵͯꡣ
ȻǶСõġĳĶ磬һЦݡ˵ЦҲ¶οı顣ֻʱ仹廳룬һҲ￴һĻİɡ

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ʱƤĶǴҵܣһܲΪŮӼҾӦʵʵĴǸȻүֻż͵ԹҲֻǵ˵ȥɣϲöûаˣȻѾͷ˶չ˵ģǵĴˡ
ǴЩΣյ飬һ㶼ʲôΣգֻһΡ
磬Ҫȥﰡ
꣬СҵסԺӡ԰˵˳ȥ˸ݻǸղԷɵʱɵȥˣȥ͸㡣
磬ǧǿôߣˤ˵ģҳǰ룺㻹ӵģȥˡ
ǣǣǶòİҿֻаĺӣϴżΪı顣
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Ȼһ㶣Ȼĵ
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СҵķݣôִֽŵŪôµķҰҰѵʱҵȻҵԴ㿴ӺĴǲһһһҵıӣ֪ˣ˵С龫
ҹֻΪһݰЦŶҺ͸Ȼ˵ϲһˣ뷨ô˽˾ɰ˽ֻΪһݰ
룬ҶԸȻһʼͺ˽ɡ
棬㿴õˣ˷ܵҡķݶҺ
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Ҹ˵ĳ±ȥͻȻһŲȿգϵҾţһˤҪˤݵġˣôСһм֮ģҿھ˰
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ֻ˵ȻüˣҲԼҪˤˡ
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ȻǺʹҵʱΪʲôޣһԸΪڵǴȴΪѾͷΪ˻¡ʵҵʱޣΪǸѾȻ߬ˡҵķݰҲûôÿķˡ
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Цŵ˵ͷοӣȻǸսʱʵ⣺ôô죿Σô죿
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ˣط˯ɡȻͷ˵Ȼһطˡ
ڶһ磬ȻͻȻʹһ䳡ʼ书֮·

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Ľ澫տʼӽݣǰ绹һ𿴵ʹ䣬Ȼ뵽ˣǺɽɵľѧơʱһ˾ͿʼЩģҲŵһ䡣ǵŮҵ˵䡣Ϊ£ü춼û
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ѽȻôóԵĶҲ㣬Ϊ绹ѵ͸ҵŴٴ㿪ģҿһֱ᲻óء
ŴģƽԵĲ̫һǸȻ˵ڶ㣬͸õֵʱ˵ĲУû뵽Ȼһֱ᲻óԡ
˿ˮ˵ǣǾһ¡֣ѹ𻨸ݸ
ĵİŴٴ򿪵ݸңȻԼҲ˸Ŵٳԡ
ұ߳Ա͵͵İѹ𻨸ֲػǴҵģҲҪκ˷
ȻԵĺܿģ߳Ա˵ԺҺóԵģֻͬųԡ
Ŵٵζȴǹ𻨸Ҫ𣬳ԵҾ磬ҸƵģ̫ҸˣԵʱȻһ̵Һνһġ
ڶ죬ʼҾ߮˵ǵҵһĲʮʺǱˡޡשġֽȵ׷ɱ˲ӳħƣƲеĴ档
ȻֻҶ׫ġ
߮ûҴôȴΪʱӳ˵󷨣ʺϺܶΧʱǿԱ任·룬ʵǺʺЩѧ
ڵʱֻ꣬ȷе˵룬ֻѧһ书Ժ֮ṦѾ޵УɼѧϰҪץ𰡡ǺӶҲû뵽ͬʱѧ书ƻδΣҵṦѾԷˣϷʱҪ׷Һ溰㡭
ֻÿεʱҪѹһ¡ҵףʱıҲ࣬վ΢УįıͬݵϣͻȻ˵ĸо
ҵһʶ磬Ҳ˵İɡδǣǸģԾڻϲˡ
ܹ˰ţǶôҸһ°
ҲŽףҵ˲ں٣ֻҪһ㹻ֻҪǸҵģֻҪҲǰģǱ㹻ˡ
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Сʯϰʱ䳤˱Ҳ̲סЩԼİֻǰͦãȴ̫׼˵̫׼Ҳ̫ȷУǺܲ׼ġ
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ǺƤȥ׽ŪС޹أȻͻȻ
ЦһȻߣû뵽Ҹ߾̳źŮ
ڵϣ˵Ǻ𷣺
վЩǵΪҲ֪֮İϷôȻȻҪ£˶ֻȻԼϵһζû𣿡
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˵ôиҵŮζԵ
Ȼ̧ͷҪҪϣһ˱ûôϣǴ绹ȢǸİŮô
ҵ۾Щʪ˵ΪһİŮӾŮ
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Ҳ֪ǷνഺڣȻ࣬ҼĺǶֻСһ˺ˣҪңû˵û˴磬Ƕˣ
˵꣬ת˳ȥֻ˴ҵ֣Ȼ׷Цߣܣ˭ҵĶ֣

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ҲԼᣬܣǰпڸɺ˵ĿݾһСʱһ߻СһССӰתͷ΢ЦǸͬкʮ㣬˵ݵЩŮӼҡ
㻹ܣ׷Զ˵ţСϣϵаȵЦݡ
˭һֱңҵһӽ
Ǻǣô죬˦˱ˣȻǻẦµģһֻ֧ڳϣһֻȵڳ˦˦ȥ
㵽˭һôһ仰
㲻ù˭ܲӮңСү䣬Ը˵ɣҪʲô
ҲҪʲôԸˣ뱣أСŮȸˡ˵꣬ʩչṦܵˣֻʣİӰڽʲôֲܳ㣡
ˣ߾Ļϰף˰Уܿ㣬СѷҺܶ࣬ҿɲܵϰ
ŷţֻһϤĺ
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Ϻɫͫ͸©ǿҵĹػȥĶˣǵҲ㣬һȥ
˦˵ǹңǶң
Ϻɫ۾һת˵ΣҪ綷ôʼͳһսߵİĸҲҪ
ʵˣ˵˺ˣԶվһߣһȥɣ۵㣬Ҷһܱͬǣ
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һЦ˳˵棬Ե㣬ֻͶһĺܲأ
Һ粢ţʱȴͻȻˣƹҪΧͻȻ˵ͯõųôЩô
ͻȻһɫǰԭ˰ɵʥŮ⣬ϴΰҺƵµˣûһӡ
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תͷֳ⣺ãǽְɡ
˵ţǿĹŸտʼûãȻɵĶ֣ҿﰵżĽݸǱ㿪ʼϸоԷѧ·Դӵ֮Ҳаɵ书ɶԵ˵ĽҲǷַλģǺ񲢲ͬڽľˮλʲô?
ȻЩ֧ŲסǹϾһҪеİǽ˵õǲŽƵģɡɣԣɣ֪ˣǶλǹ̽
ˣΪķλɵ书·ҿʼ硣
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һҹֵЩˣıϣңȻ˵ϴΣɽ£ҶôϣǸҡ
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ʵ˵᲻᲻Ҫ˰
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ҶµصͷȻʵѩ̵ôˣ
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ͻȻЩԸ⿴ĳ棬ﲻ֪ΪζµرΪʲôأΪʲôأռѣֻͯһ飬ҵĲһôѩҪҵĲߣҿ϶ҲԸ⣬ԣֻǲ޶ѡ
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ڷ컣ҵĵͼǣңڽﱻ̧ǣǺǣôõĴһǧСءѩζУɫȹҡΣռأֻµİ޵Ůôǽе˲
ĳȴʱ¶ˣ֪ģѩ̾ɫǣȻֻʮңҲʲôߡ
޼ڴλүǵʵ۵ĵܵܣе˲ĵһɵǣ⵱ʵϥӣ޼Ҳи磬ļҾĺͶеһƴպĻʵ֮λҲҪϡ
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磬Ҳ֪һϲЩ̫׵·һؾǱȲöеı˵ģƯҲȻϡҶĸ˵ǿʵ޷ͬȣҲԵһȺ֪Ůˡ
˵ʲôʲôˡŶ˵ѩ̰ɣ˵Ҫúôһˣ㿴ѩ̣֦չģ˲֪ĻΪѾͷСء
Ҳ֪ǲ⣬˵ĻҲУһ֮˦ǣܵ˴ߣŴ磬ЦЦͰ뻳ڡȻһйĿͶһͷ˫Ϻɫ

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Ƿһ쵽ĸǣû갡ֵŮӣҲûʲôˣƢѾĥˡ
ߣǰ彻ԺҲˣѡ
ʲô壬ǰվŵֻǸ߼ҵүȻѾɷ˵վǰ档
һ֣һȺ̿ʹӲ֪ʲôط˳ҹ̬˵ţʥŮÿγŶ˲أһģ壬ߣˣţʮȦ
ʱҿԵһȻͷңͷòһκЩ˼ٺ٣󣬿
һң翪ʼŶ˺ǰɵĸֽоҺ类绤ͻ޼
Ȼȵ˻ʱȴյһܲõϢһʧˡ
ôдԵ𾪡
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￩һ£˵Ʈ󣬵ÿ̸Ǹ󷨵ʱ򣬶¶ֺ֮ı顣Ʈ䲻ʲô󷨣ȴʧ磬ΪҪȥزɵŮӣ
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󣬵Ȼɽׯ཭֮ҪԳ⡣ʮһǰոջ㣬֪ΪȴͻȻһ̿ӲɽׯǡʱһλԼׯڣƮС
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ˣ̾˿ԸҺ͸ȻȥѰ硣ĺ͸Ȼ

ʮ 

ҸȻһȺڵҰ죬뿴ʲôϧȴûջ񡣵ʱãȻ˵Ϣһᣬұͬ·ߵĲȥϢҪĽˣ·󣬲ҲַǷҶӺ긾Ůҵʲô
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ǰ˵Ϻæ˵˵ҿǱŮӾĸƵģԭʿܺˣ
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Ȼ˿ˮҲ֪Ļ˵ѩͦƯģ
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ʱԱߵĸŮˣϺţԭԭסʱͼϮֲȱŮӼֱŮ·
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ҵ󣬼شУ磬磬ôߣȴǰľסˣʶǵĳ֣ůЦֵߣȻ棬ˣ
ҺεĵͷָŴϵʣ磬ô°
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ǴϵЩ΢㶣ͻȻ˾䣺ˣ
仰Գҵϣҵ˵ʲôֻܶԴ˵úϢȸˡ
ȻҲ˳˴ķ䣬һžͿȻҲվſڣȻ˵棬Ҹղ˵ζŸȺŰѵһʱѴӻ
ҼΪεǰŸȻ˵ðˣԭ¡
һ·ñǿһתˡ
ҹ˾ʱȴͻȻ˯ˣ췢£˵ܡ˼·ߵԺСͻȻһ󼲷罫ҾұһŰɫΧȻ󱻴ݶ
߼ҴСҲ̫˰ɣСүҲɲˡһЦ
˭ԼҪҴģ˵𣿡
ңЦݶϣȻ˫ͷ£˵쵽Ľˣҹհ
Ҳ˵Ҳݶϣǰҹ֮ǰҲԵǽȴʱܲͬҲ̾˿
ôתͷǵСҲ˵ǣ
ͻȻ޼үʱһ䡰ǣǣȴǡǣǣȴǡ
ͻȻЦʱֻʮ꣬Ǳһѷ벻ʱ־ûʮ꣬ƵҪ˺塣ʵʱ򣬲ȥƽô෴ῪһЩ
תͷôأΪʲôģ
һЦ˭˵Ҳģҿĵĺܡ
磬ʹܲģ㻹ҪôӲ𣿡¹˫峺˫ƺʯŹâ֪ΪΣͻȻú׽ܶ࣬ʶܾһ
תͷȥ˵죬ļա

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¹µ·ӹ¶ɫ¹ϣƺ͸
죬ȻļգҵȴǵˡÿλҶ
˵ǰǵ谮檣ޣٳҲꡣԴңҵеľϣһֱֱȥҲֻǰ̾
ĸĺĽҵӲΪκһŮ˷Źĸ飬ʱ֪û˿ҵġ
磬ʵܰɡ
͵һתͷܹ̼ƵģȻ۵׵Ĳƺ˺ܶ࣬Ȼ¶ʽЦݣʲôûƵģ˵棬һνҡ硯
ұͷȥǸ̾ɴ׷䣬ֻǵʱȻ
˵ָ꣬еߵ˾ҵһ˵Ľˣ룬ӦøȥɡǣҲҲʹһɡ
ڶϣԲ̣ȡ
ʮ壬ÿĺᶼһСĽеĵصźܽȴΪɶѵɽ˺ѺʤĽ֮⡣
ͦĲɽŪ£һƬϻľı̴֡Уɽ衢ž涷ޡһĸȪǳĺȪȪһҶƾɡĺϻǧֻʵȪ裬þòȥ
ҹ˾ҿһƬӣﲻ̾澰ԡ
ǰǧֻʵ˾ۻᣬ빳㣬βνӣ֦֮ϣΪһɫͷ׵ĵʱȻڿգ裬γɴŹϣȪˮӳΪѤ徰ۡ
ıƿȫƵģһЦõһΪȻҪ׼ЩģԶפУ
Ҳע⣬ҵĲϵ˸ҵͷһǸɫ׹Ǹ״л״
⻨ʡ
ǵĻЦЦȻһ֣˸ƣЩֻ˵ûأҪ׼ľϲ
ȻɫĹө棡ө¹һһǣźķ裬Χࡣ
Ҳڳ
ںڵյʹķ
ɳ˼˭
ϵϵõή
紵紵ֻҪ
ɻ˯ һ˫һԲ
ֻ
۲Ҳܶ
ֱҳ裬ҲŷԭԱ͵˶ҳ裬һϮ£ֲʩ죬ʱ룬Щ˻᲻ΪԼˣǺҲ֪ҵĵһγʱܶ˵ŵ飬УʵףҳĶãֻҵĸľѡֵʸȴʹǶҶ˷̽ǣҾ߽ʿС
Ҳסˣֱи㱨ʲôŻع˵棬ǸȥĽˡ
ĽҲҪ¶һֵġôãȴһ㣬һͷѸʧںȪУǰֻͷһǵөӵĺʯ˸Ĺâ
ҸϵĽʱ򣬱Ѿдˣҿ̨ҵү粻ѣѾص¼ҵӪУҪ׼̨ˡҼΧ۵ȺȻժɫñӣߵһˣ̨ڵľΣ
תǸʱ꣬ǿֻǸӦǳĽʫġ
ЩۣСãҲĽ
ҲˣǸֻʮСЦŶ˵磬Ҳմʲô氡
ָΧ˵ĿǰΪֹͷıǾɽׯĸ߼ˣ߾䱦δǸ߼ӶֱڸոյıеõǫϹӡһӡӵơ
ҰһЦҵѾ˰̶̼ʱֻȥµѾɹλ
ʱһϮɫѾΧֻӦսʩȻһҵĹɵĶȻɵطɹսߵıһ޼ӳ½Էڵء
ЦŶ˵λүİˣȻ
Ȼмǰս㼸оܰĶִܣȻվ΢紵ͷĹڴŮģǣ˾ٱԻ
ʤ繫ӣ
ʵҾøЦ磬̫򵥵˰ɣ
Сã㾱ϵܱ°ߵС˵˵ǱϽ࣬ȲСһؾÿ
ߣ컬࣬˶ţֻһħһȺŮӣƣӦɵˡ
ҵүͬʱվүһɱ˵ħŮң
ֻΪ׵ŮӹЦЦ̾ЩԾѪţֻΧ֧ŲסѪ׵ġΧߵ̷סѨȻֹסҵѨ
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ֻһɧҵ޼˫˫վһӣɵЩħŮǰ޼ص˵ħ湬Ҫ˼޹δʧ壡
ߣ޵ŮЦЦ޼Ȼǰһ񰡡
޼Цħ湬ĪҲĽһչ֣
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ҵɫʱˣȻɱ䲻ţȮ˺
ħ湬ɫ΢һ㶣ԭǾɽׯˡҲǸ֮ˣв
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ħ湬ˣŮ̵ıʼҵȥҵҲħ湬кݶЩмܲסħ湬޺޵˵Уɽׯ
ҲֻϵȿʼӣӽأҵĹħ湬֮ϣȻħ湫Ľͱҵ˵ϡ
˵ˣ߰ɡ
ħ湬ǲôģҪߵһߣ
һģ˵ˣǲȮӵģ
֮ǰȷҪ׷ɣ񱾹Լ˺ӣׯġ
ҵʼЩɻ޼ˣǹҪߵǡ
Ǳİͽ⡣
ҵͷԴʹһɫȻ˰˳صħ湬ߣħ湬ҵ˵Ȼʤδ֣
˼ӮˣԼϳ϶ѣ
Сӣû˵ķݣħ湬ͻȻʹ˸ɫͻȻһΣȻ¶ааЦݣ󷨣ԭʧ䵽ħ湬ϣ
ʲô󷨣ԭа书ϣһ䵽ħ湬ϣСӾȻܵסֹǲأ
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ѸˣսȻʧƽҸһӱԣңΣ
ӣЦҴĽϲòˣŮħͷʲô
ȻЦӲмսɸŮӳ
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ȻȻĬѩ̳ս
ѩĮȻվ˳İγµ˶ʱȻɫ£Ǿɫӳһ̣ԵýޱȡΧѾʼ˽ˣֻһƬ
ۣϴǸŮ
ǰ˵ֻǸͣŮ֪书ô
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Щס˵Ѿ£ҪӭУδЩĸܡ
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ЦЦЦ˵ħ湬밲
صħ湬ߣ˵ʦǸ߾Ů档
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˵ףǾɽׯĵӣԵӦսοΪһ澣þеЦݣ춼Ҫˡ
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벻һĽȻԻħ湬ִǰٹˣֻӣضΪã쵽Ϊֹ⣬ߣ

ʮ ϧ

˵ߣȻЦ˵͹һǰļⶼŪˡһͷȥѩ̣ϵǣѩ̾Ȼ˦ҵ֣Լߵһȥ
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ΪҪ֪ҵ֣硣
ҲҪڸţɣЦ˵
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˾ֿʼ棬ṦǷڣӡ
ҵסһʮСƺǳӣⲻЦ
ֺǺǵߵߣ˵ϲӣû뵽Ҳˣ
̧ͷ죺ͰЦңαȵѩ˰˵ʲôӣҵģ
ҲҲҡͷʹǳأ֦
仰ĵһӦǴĴ󶯣һΪʫôӢĴ磬ҵͻȻůůġ
ܶΪ鿪ʼ֪ӵĴǴǾʫ˶ӵòһظС
֮ѩ̵ķ˿ѩʧҵͷϣң䲻ӣĻñѣâ¶֮ˣʵǾɫȡȻҲһЩӵķ˿ͬ⣺ӣף裬ӳ֮⡣ɫǣײ֮ͣǣԶ
Ľĵڶ죬׼ǻؾɽׯ֮ǰ޼С
޼һ˵ȻĽѾˣҲôżȥڴ˶ЪϢա
һֹȻȻ˵֣ħŮҹͻȻֹͣȮӵ׷ɱڿ״һҪЩȥԱ⡣
޼ЩӢƵ˸һͺܾüƵġ
͵͵ܵ˵棬ҪҲһ£
Ҵ֣ЦԶû
ͻȻصĸ˵棬Ҹ㿴
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޼һڴֵҺ磬ȻֶԵ˵֣֮ǰҸ桭
ҲһۣȻҡҡͷ˵ҿǵǳ˵ɣЩ»ҪԵġ
޼ûãǱ̤˻ؼҵ·;
ڻؼҵ·ϣҺ͸ֿʼ˿ս֡˵³춯Ҫӿг̣Ҫһµ·Ϊ¡ڳѾûƵĶѩ̴Һ棬ԼһϢ
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ڴڵĿݾԱţԼߵһ£٣ڵĺſ֪ҳ;ЩۻңǱ̫ķ򣬺һһϵ˶ƮƮ̫ۣҿֻǾЩʶ
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ͻȻЩ֪룬ǰһкЩϤٿǰľͻȻӲҺʱĴ
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£ʱһȴ֪ʱܹꡣ

ʮ ʱ

΢Ĵǰȹϵգɫȹӭչְѱ΢紵ͷͷﲻһЦϼɽϦô
С㣬ɵɵЦˣԴǰүӴ㾭ϼɽգɵɵЦ
ˣȻô͹ȥˡ꿴ƺ̣ܶȴԸıÿ˵ˡ
תͷȥɫ·ˣ±紵ҵͷЦŶ˵ϲ˵ǲǻڹҵûһȥֻѩȥ
ūĸҰ˼˵СĽϳͷȥϲЦĲߡ
뿴Ƕ鹫ӰɣѾͷЦ
С㣬㿴㣬λӸٷ磬Ǹʲô鹫ٺܱȵλӣϲֳһ˼һ֪СδǸʲôˣ˼һǹС
Ҫ˵ʲôδҿҾ̫ˣԽԽˡ
ߣС㲻ףϲ֣װ⸱ɷӸ˭أֻһۡ
Ѿͷٲ㣬ҿ㵱Сˡ
СǰϷŪңʵӴ֮˶̸С¹ӵ飬ֵأϲ֪Сʼջڴϡ
ֺ˵ϲ֣ǲҪҷ㵽ϼɽɽ̻˵
СŻңİɣ⻰ֻС˵⸽û˵ġ
Ѿͷô֪ҾͰ޸Ա⵱
СЦֻܸ˵Ҫɻᵱģ
Ƕߵţ˵ãΪ˸ԽЩתǰȥʱɽׯϲֶչˣһȥϲֱ˸顣
⻰治Ҫ϶ܵȱģȻ´Ұϲּ޸뵽һı飬Ҳ亹û뵽ϲôʵ˾Ȼϲô
ϲֿ˿ҵı飬˵С㣬ҪǶǸ鹫һ붼ûУΪҪϼɽ䰡˲֪ҿ֪Ϸ򣬲Ƕ鹫ӵĴ𣿿ϧ
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С㲻صģүѾǰȥѰˣһҵ¹ӵġϲְοҡ
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ҵòҵүٺ֮󣬱Ѱ䣬ϧʼûš
ҲϵԴǰΪҴӣҾҲûժϴ趼ûժǳȵ񣬷·쾭һﲻһаȵӣôôʧ
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ϸһǴ磬ǣߵǸŮǡ
磡ҳס
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˵Ѿֹ˶׷ɱ⻹Ǿɽׯ˵ʦģÿζǺʹĵĸࡣʼʮֵģҲԸĽӴ硣
ҲòϣⲢûжʲôõ£෴ĻǺܶࡣ
ԴӸԷ֮ҵȻһѪȻ̫ӵѡǸԷȴһ¶ɱ֮ȻɽׯﵱȻү
˵ܿǸԷˣڲŻ˰ȫǣ̧ͷһ۴磬ǻʸΨһµĺˣҲ˵ݱҴôҪصӢӪ˵һ죬ͻվڶӪУ
붼ľ档ã粢ĻصӢУ׷ɱ˲Ǻܶ࣬ǼӦʱɽׯȻϮĴ̿Ҳ£ǺٶôжˣǺʹߵôЩˬ
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ͬ˵ʲôأôô໰𣿡Щ⡣
ͻȻЦĺᣬҵţǵ꣬ͬ˶˵仰С
һ˵ЩʲôͻȻ˲֦ĽУ˭Ƕ
΢ҵȹڣƮ·ϸУһ˳ǰֻ񣺡ӣūѩСؼҡ
һ˫۲καĸ飬ҵŮѩ̣

ڶʮ Ϸ

ı治˵ĳƺŰѩ̺ϲһһҵķңϲһʣ̽ôôҺС㶼ߵɽˡ
ѩЩסȻ˵ղүˣЩ顣
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ϲҲСС㣬˵¹ӵϢأ
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ЦŰǿҰצƵ֣˵Ѿʮˣ͸СƵģ
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Ц˵һգôˣҲʱһ˼ˡ
ױ˳Ƶͷ˼Ҳޣ˼Ҳ뿪
仰̫ˣԱߵϲ־ȻǺˣҵһۣҲصң˵С㣬װʲô˳ױ׼ˣ
һۣζҵ緽ȥЦ˵ҲһҪ뿪ǿڵߵġ
Ҳ˳ŵĿ⿴ȥ̩ȻվǶ͸©ζЦݣЩ죬źЦݣȻǺĮӣֵָȴͣʳִָ֪ٲʱеĶ
ҵʱǣʵʱҾ͸ᡭȻȴûϵҵʱû˵ԺҲûл˵ңҶԴǷҲʱķţûĵȥһЩ¶£ٻΪҵʱɬеЦȻֻҪ뵽ǻɫﻹǻůůģ񱻴һ
ڶ磬԰Ժﵴǧѩֺ̡;һ廨ĸΪ˸ҺʮϹģһµʱ䣬˵ҪΪ񳯷
ҵŵţﻹ룺ϲһ͵ȥˣôҲӰˣţϲ־ȻǰһЦܵߴ󺰣СС㣬ū澸һЦҪҪҲһ
ʲôӰҺЦؿһԵŮҲͣĻܹҲŴ֣ϲ֣ʲôЦ°˵
ϲװص˵ˣΪС׼һǺǡ
ѽ˵ʲô׼ǶʲôС㿪ģҲˡ
ǿϲִóһңǶӵ
ùһ磬ʲôȻ˸Ҹңۺɫңֲڣ߽ǻߣֻСҵı滹һ֣ôеɫˡ
˵ţҵððʧʧܽҵ԰
ϲ֣㵹ǻҰȻŵĵһ仰
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ʱͻȻð˾仰ԭǰѩҪɴΪ˰ָΪѩ̻Ϊˣ˺üأ
ģѩͻȻϾĵĻ
ҳʱˣ磬ҿ֡
Ȼ˼ָ޳ڳϰƷЩֲڣָһƬ룬ӦǱİɡ
֣˴Ȼʵ𣬶磿ԺҪΪЩ˺Լˣ۵ġ
纩ЦЦſȻӢӰôЦݶҲ˼ƭˡ
棬ԸΪκ£㲻ֻҪ濪ģֱͱҲԸ⡣
ҶʱҲųҸӲõЦݶ˵Ȼˣ¶ˡֻ
ֻʲôȻϽ׷ҡ
㰡ûϲ֥ұֻǸհ衣
֥㣿û⣬Ͱȥɡ
ǵòɹҪϼɽȪȥһ£ֻŶȻһõģ˵תϼɽͻȻоеȵңҲҵĴɣһعͷȥȴδʲô
ҲҶĿɰɣǺǣжҲɻʡһ¡
ڷѩΪɵ֥㣬ƳһۣȻԾ˵ģ֧رģѻɹɣװʣµǷ˰ɡ
ı߷ֱţС㰡ǶΪɵİֶˣô͸ǰ
һԵĿˣһΪȻ˵ԸСɣûõ
ֻѵһԺѩеĲƥȫ䵽ϣӰסĲš
ǻȥϲָʹſֺ;ȥæеĲȥѩ̣ϲ߹ĵĸ˵СҪˣ
ʲôѾͷֿʼ˵ˡ
ϲݸһЦҶ˵СĪҪװˣϼɽȪĹЧСϤÿδ֣С㶼ҪȥȪһᣬ˿ȬҲ졣Сʵ۶أ

ڶʮһ Яҹ

С㣬ô˵ĪǱϲ˵£ϲִ˳
龫һһ£Ȼֻǰ˨ϡ
С㣬ū˵Щ˵ڣܶġϲ޲ǵ˵
˵СѾϰˣ΢ʵġ
ϲ˵ѩִ̰С㣬ѵ㻹ѩ̵˼𣿡
磬֪ģҵȴһʹѩ̶Զ˼ڴʱұѾЩԤУֻ
ǡֻЩҲ˵ܲԸ¡
һҵ£ֺϲһߴߴ
˵һǴ˵ǶӣŲССϲʼǴӣ˵СжӣӶСҲһƬ
Ҳ˵ʲôоĵȴͻȻӿһĨаȵЦݣþû֮ȥ
¶Ӱڵ˵ڶԺЩ֥㷢һ̴ζ˱Ƕ̧ͷһԭ硣
磬ôȤ԰
ĿеɫѾȥ޼еɫҲ˺ܶ࣬ϸ𲻳
񣬸һٳ
ҸɽׯĳǳءóǣóӢͬϽķΧм˳䣬ҹóֲѣ˸͸ɫĻǴС
ҶĴĶҶԶʣȻ߸óǲԶǵΪ˱ǣǳţȥϼɽˣ
óǵĴɫС̯ڽϣǰӾݵиСԣҲСģˣӼģϷģۻҡ
ҿǰĸС⣬һˣŪɫκϲϡˣиסһɫǷȴڲزסÿŪſҲ˵ֻŵЦݡ
ΧʼӿֻһƬޣҵĶȫǹ
λļҵģӢǰǰ֪ûС
Щ￪ʼ͵Ц̧ͷȥ磬ȻһƬĮø첲ⶥ˶˵Ҫ²ˣǺǣ
粻ÿɷЦЦǰ˼ּвµյģ缷ǰȥ˵㿴ǵհףǸκƯ磬Ӯ
һЦʮʱΪɡ
ôҿĵĽӹϰΡ
㻹Ҫʲôͷҡ
ҿĵĿ˿ָһ˵ҪǸӣеŶֻһ֡ꡣ
ǵһЦߣˮҲµõ𣿡
Ҹ˵ǡء֣
ϰѻ˹סĳ޵˴
Χ۵ԽԽ࣬ӵѣǳ׷ǰĿҪչ¶ֽˡ
磬ĺ֪ΧŶҵϷ硣
һЦסҵ˵߰ɣ˴˶࣬ȥ徻ض
߳ӵȺģȴյĺܽҿʼǲǹ⼳ȡеůǽĵطȻָ˵ҪգŶ
̧ͷҹһƬİʲôҲûаʱֻ顱һ̧ͷȥӳһƬã̻
ţɫ̻ӵҫʵĹâ̻ĮϾȻֳһ˿ů⡣
磬˷ŵ̻𰡣
ЦЦû˵ʲô
ãǰǺ綥죬治ԡҲ˼˵
ʲôԶ硣
һ֪˵仰ʱǶôů
ͻȻһð˳˴ʱ˿̵ܰ
ӣȻС빫ȥһ𡣡һūʹ˲֪Ķð˳
翴һָֻۣĮתͷ˵棬Ҫ뿪һᣬȥ¥ңЩԵģӴ˴ȥϾܿˡ
磬Ҫȥǰס
ĸס

Һֻû˵ڣֹ˵Ȼ˵ͷʾߣұת뿪硣
ԷĹĸףһŮأ
˵Ҿ˼ҵø磬ֻЩԽףֻ˹ġŮ˲Żɫ۾Щ˹ԭȽƵв˹ԭ֣ǵϥӣҲùһ˹Ӱҵľ˾˵ʲôˣ
ԷһŮȻսߣ͵˵ɽׯԼϺᲢӢһֿٵ£Ǻεȵ˲𰡣
ڴʱ򣬾·ߵЩ̸ʱ¡ҵӡµڶŮӣһȻǴ˵˽ʧϮԲԣϮӦǵڶԷŵŮӣ뿪ǡԲԣѩ̣ŶҵһӾ˭ŵڼĵط͵һ̧ͷİ
ղ˵ߣ
ǣ뵽ô˵ģҲֲ嶫⣬·ˣ̧ͷʱѾһģӣǰʲôطĺţиңϵѾЩģ壬ԼƮţϸ˿Ʊϵиá֣ŶײҲҵ¥Ҳ̫Ѫ˰ѣ

ڶʮ ̻Ū

źԺߵȣִӻȾתʮȥΪЩգתķеһҪұ߱߳Ļһ໵ĺɽ·ʮ䣬ˮ·
ѽѾͷô⣬أôߣ֪ʲôطðһֱҵ֣Ҵӡɽ·ʮ䡱ĻνĴáĴûõи̨̨и浯٣һ£ӣ죬ڸɽ֮ϣˮ֮
ż̧ͷϸһ⾪Ϊ˵ĳʵѱŮ⴩ŴӦˣŵţż¶һĨаЦЦʶȴʶЦЩͬ
ЦȻаȣȴһЩů⣬ǰ˵Цȴļᣬ֪ǲƵЦݣĳ඼磬˫һۺ΢΢Щб졣
ʱǴͻȻһƷϣȻָǸٵ˵㣬ȥǸơ
ңЩɣûҷӦǴͰƵ̨ϣոպһˣʱеĿⶼежΡ
ͱȷ˵и̨ϳ裬ϲǸ֣ȴǷ˿Ҫȥ׻ȻͻȻˣȴͻأð̨ϣ˲ãˡ
ŸưʱһĻ֦չŮںһѣȻ԰˳̵ٶȱǸ¹ӵĻУȻ󼫾ĵŤŤȥĺӵþūҶˡ
ǰ¹ЦһֲŪңһ§ǸĵŮӣ˵̺죬ñӿ𣿡
ԱһŨױĨŮҲӵſڰӵϣȻЦūΪֻϽ࣬ūˡ
ҿǰƬ޳ֱƼģǸ̺Ůӳʹ֡
ι㣬ƣ
ҼԸĹȥѾϣ˵ūҸϲԾӣ͸
ָ˵㣬ȥ
ҸǸϵŮһŤһŤ룬ûǹӵǱãҲϴΡ
ǰȥĽϽ㣬λӵʲô˰СŮùȻǷӡ
ŤͷһۣȻЦ֪ЩѾͷҲŶġ鹫ӵ֪ǽҲЩźʱ֪һ
⼸ڽٳǳģպͽǾտ֮ɳԣʶõ顯һš
˵ӵ˵ʮҲ˵أӼÿһŮӷӵ
˭ҪЩ˵˵ȥҲ˵һؼ⡣
촽װһ֪ʮӣʵǲ֪λʦӺˣΪλţ
һȻ˵Ѿͷе㲻򵥰һ˺ģòʲôطļϸɣ
סǼϸҼϸǼǸɫǣƲƲ죬ԹԵ˵ȥ壬ӻأҸŹӿһˣûӶĸŮرء
ǹӵʲôɵİһһ׷ʡ
ӵʦˣ䲻Ƿ˱˵Ҳʲô˵¡շǷ϶Ѿá
ԭˣ鹫ʦĴ£վտ鹫ӿ϶ˣһʧ䣬뵽ɫǲ磬ҲЩʡ
ֻǣͻȻһ
Խ£˵Ƕžıŵ֮Ƕ鹫ӵĵòݹģʵĳ϶ǧ
ܶȥݵʱָĳŮǵ˵㲻鹫ȼ磬ĿģԹ׳ģ
϶̾׼ľӣһŤһŤĻصԭȵĴá
鹫ָ˵㣬ιӳԣ
ңһ㶣ñιӣ
΢΢һЦãҾιԣ
ȥÿӼһӣȻװţΡΡ쵽ǰڲһʱһӵ䵽ϡ
ʱǰ˧ϵŮ񶼱ɫû뵽ɣɲһף
ô󵨣ȻŪ˹ӵ·̺ŮѾ̰ƵǸðα硱ϣȻ㣬Ұѹӵ·ɾ
Ѱ˼ǲҪѾһ㣬ȻƨɣʩչṦˣû뵽ǡðα硱ȴһ§סңЦ˵Сүɾˣ
һ䡰Сүһ˴ǰǸҲһµӣǸӣҵһ㱣ͻȻҲϳӣӿҲ֪ģ̲סһ䣺ϵ𣿡
Ǹðα硱һЦ˵ʽǲϧֵǮ㣡ӵҵϡ
ҼæùӣϵϣʶļһôΪҴģ
»ʱҪʲô֮ģһҪȥ顰һ塱գðαӲƷ
ǸαƷһֻʵôӣĪļϵɸ͵ģ

ڶʮ ѷ

ǡðα硱ЦŨŨ˵˵Ц§ĸŮļϵ˲ǹأ
ʲô¥찡һΪԼҵ¥Ū˰ܵĳ̻쵰αƷԽԽ硣
һҧȻмĳȥޣ˭ϡǼҹӣ
ʱǰ¹ӺεŮڵ̺һʱ䷴Ӧ˹־Ҫҵ죺
ЦЦȻתİơ
ͻȻʼӲ̺ĽеӴǸӣĪҲİɣ˰
ͻȻðЩδ󺺣ԭ̻ȻԻҲɵüͷЩһϵĻҿ϶Ѳ˵ġ
αƷһ̬Ȼ˵ģȻδ϶ҲǸӣ˹ֿϧģ
һ䣬ǰ˸û˺øУ֣вŮŮģҶҷֺҶҪÿ
͵̷֪֮ΰСүСүҡһ°ɣǰ˵ǼŪСүҪģһ˺۾ʹʧˡ
һ㶣Ҫ֪ǺˣղŻū澴ݣĲ
̺ȴͻȻ廰ѵҪΥӵ⣿Ӳһ֮ˣһССѾͷιӺΣ
Ҳ˵Ϊ˹ӺãѾͷ֪ʲôطðģҲ֪ʲôţǶԹӲ
ˣӵĹýģСѾͷ˹ӵǣķͷɣ
ô˻⣿ѵҪ˵Դףֻ
Ҫͣ·ĻǽأҲδ˵漮δ
ˣסڣСȻҲȥˣû꣬ӲǳһСѾͷ˸
ŶСһĴðˣǣӻҰˣĴȻ硣
Щͷˣ˴Уû˾ͿߣС㻹Ҫæأ
ѽ绹Լҵ¥أ֪᲻ˡ
һСӾȻҵߣ§סңҲϲ˲䣬Ц˵ģҪȥôż
ˣҪѿˮȫĨҵ
ҷ֣Ҷ㲻
ʹȴ˿֣Խ§ԽֻЦ˵ӣȻѧܻӭӿɽ̰
ſã
һ𾪵ʱйӢһ㣬ǰ۾Ųɺӵŭűҵ˴
磡ңҾš
缱æ˹ αƷҳûø첲һĳˣȻϴĴǱ߽˳ֱСյ̫Ҳ
İұڻʵ棬㻹ðɣ
Ŀ֮ůͻȻϢĸоһǸղǼһ§̫ˣӦĳʱҲ߯˵ɡ
磬ǻãһ᲻̫۰
ʱҵı飬е˵ľͣһſҪµңһֻŸոնԴ͡˵ʵۣѶҲʮִϸ첲Ҳסôڰ
һԿֵαƷˣιôһֱţ
ŰҷȻΪعͷȥĮĶαƷ˵º֣յˣ֪ţ
αƷЦЦ˵˵Сү˽ٳҵӣ׸ʦϰ䣬ڻﵽЩţĻ顯Ǹӡ
¶Щ֮ɫݼšıָҲ죬ҿ絹ҲĴˣѾ뻯ˡ
̨Ǳ֮ʣ̨ĹսɳΪøǫ̃Ϊվһ
Ƕ鹫һüȻȥˣҡͷ˵ЩˣҪɱɱҵ徻СүûǸģҪҪɱԼȥСүҲˣ
Աϣת̺һͬʩչṦ뿪¥
ߵһ˵ӣ鹫书߳պΪãĸ󻼣ȥ
ˣ絭˵ȥ˲Сӵĵϸ˵ĵӣƤҲʵģȥĵϸ˵
ǣӽ뿪
תͷһţǽȥ¥Ϊλֵط
˼·ˣϡͿı쵽磬ôﰡ
Ҹպ̸顭
Ժ̸飿Ŵ۾ϵˣʹĮҲȻڻԣˣϳԼµĴ󣬶Σǰ׿ԽǣĸȻǣ
̸ĵİɣ˦ȻԺȥסҵ֣ץס˵棬ĪҪͰ
ҲҲҲס˶䣬ҲŲҪʲôأ
ڴʱһ˵ǱԼڴҴأ

ڶʮ ҹʱ

̧ͷһƬҫ۵ĹâսҵҴûпò֮ˣǳ֮⡣Ƿףκ˶֮ϵġ
ƽҳ翪Ц˵Լ˰òҲֻЦЦ䲻̫ϣҲûйڷϡ
ѩ̵֮ˣҲǰ󸾵һ룬Ӻݻüָ߰Щ죬֪Ϊܸоǰ
ĸסܹĽе
Ǵ˵еĸԷµڶŮҲ࿴ۣƯȴ֪ģܾҺҲ֮ôѩ̳ҲЩƣôһҺѩҲЩư
Һϲ˵뷨ϲһһֱң˵ѩҲͰˣ˼ҹƯҲҪ˼ҹϲֲϵظţƤѾ׳߶ˡ
ʵһֱ˵˶Ůı׼ͬǼȻŮϲһԲͣͷǶЩҲǺƽ
⵱ȻǺˣʱ˿ҿλĹ󸾣Щ̾ȻѾഺ껪ȴ˿ûµĺۼ޵˫ۣҹҫķǣ貶Ŀ
ҵǸ𣿡
˼ӣıãմ״ʣҲɣνĹҪҴսĵҲͬҶŮĶɡ
ǣ˶ãҾͷҵ뷨Ƕô޴Ϊǹһʾõ˼ûУĶ˵ģû𣿡
ʹ˸ɫҸһ˵򸣡
˵ͷЩǱ˶ĿԲԼ̸㻹ʲô𣿡
Ҷʱ㶣ҡҡͷҰֿһ󻡶ȣñ׼ŮЦݶ˵˵ЦˣʸͬƽЩʲô
ұҲǫһû뵽⸣ԷȻ˳ҵĻ˵Լ֪Լݾͺá
һ仰˵ûͷûԣҺǾɥǣǧҵıǳǼҵ׳ģҪҪôߵ̬ҲͣʱͻȻĸףɫĸлйϢ֮£ƺ󡣡
ԷһЦߣܴҪ𣿱ֻҪСѾͷϡ
ҸҪʲôͻȻסҵ֣ҵ̧֣ͷö˫ɫҡҡͷʾҲҪ˵
ǸԷһңԸ뿪
ҺƲֵ߻ɽׯʱɫѾ쵽ɽׯʱסҡ
棬㻹𣿡
ĸҰʲôݣҹ硣˵
˵û춼ԹҾ̳ˡº͵Цţǻĸ׵
ôҰȻǸ̬ȶ
ЦŨˣЦ˵ģϲŭϡĸ㲻Ҫˣôÿأ
ôĿУ滹ŮýƻԭǰǺ˼棬ռŹŮȴҪԴޣǶˡæ˫ס
ЦȭȭĲҵ˫֣еůɫĶ˵Уϵκ˶Ȳӵ¡
ҵġžһ©һģͻȻЩһһģҲ֪ҪõʱͻȻԱߵ˵Һ綼ЩסǱһǰƸ
û߶ԶҾͷ˵ԴͷԭǴ⡣Щ⣬ôˣйŮ羹Щͻ
һЩζʱҿ뻳УĳţĴı꣬ΪҪѧ͵ʱ뻳һ
ҲƺжҪӿңƺЩȶȣҲԾһ
һģ쵹ǵһμ޵ױˡſڴϣ˵⣬Ǻο?
ţ૵֪ԸԶڹԣʹֻǸ˵
ҡҡͷ˵Ȼֺ֪ο࡭
ѾǹӵˣǹӵˣǹӵĹ
һ飬вڷȻ֪ڵʲôҿʶһ㣺ǲ֪ͨͷô˵ˡ
ңһ˵ǹӵˣǹӵˡ
ǣⰡ⣬ʹôظԾɺĽ㣬ѾǴˣѾõľˣҲſڴĻʹֻǱ˵Ӱӡ
⣬ҡ
ʲôҲ˵ˣӣֻҪڹߣ㡣
糤̾һ⣬ҹʵ¡ҲʹҵģҵﾹҲġ㲢˭ֻ㣡⣬ʣġ
͵һ̧ͷеˮˮŹâȴЦݣĵ˵ӣ˵˵һϯ֮أ
˵ͷȻͷĴ
Ҳȥˣת뿪
֪˵ģû뵽Ȼڴռһϯ֮أû뵽Ȼ⶯顣⣬ȻᳬǸڴеĵλ
ϣĿҪŮˣѲҡ
ҹҵģȴ䵽˹ȵס

ڶʮ ˿

û߶ãǰסҡ
̧ͷǿֱ˫ĿʯȴҫҲٶ࿴ۡ
棬㿴ҡҵĿȵ⣬ҾЩֱ
棬ҵ֣ǣҵ֣յرץҵ֣ŵҵǰȻʵң
һû뵽˵Ļȴ˿˵
ҹ¶ҵĴܴʵ޷һҹδǣҽͷ͵͵һ磬ԭȵĿȴ
ΪʲôΪʲô棬ֻݵ´𣿡
ҵͷ֪ΪΣ۾ȴһĨȪ
棬ҶôϣΪҶ
硭ͻȻס֪˵ʲôá
棬Һ뷨һġҲûңֻҪ߾ͺáֻҪտ㣬ͬһұѾܿˡ
ҵѾֹסˣӵ뻳Уİҵͷǰ
ңֻҪ§ͺá˭ֻҪ§ңá
ͻȻЩѣ֪ΪΣȴرļ
棬ҵ⣬Ժѹ£ͲҪһ˿ţ˵綨Ϊȥࡣ
֪ʼղĿеĵλֻޣһҲԸ⡣
ҵһһģ֪ģȴֹͣˡ
ڶһ磬ϲֺѩ̽𴲣ԺģֻϲЦĿģȻѩ̹һۣͿϲѾЦûģѩҲЦ⣬ϲֺǺǵ˵С㣬㿴۾׵ĺƵġ
æԱߣϸһԭ޵̫ף۾Ѿ׵Ƥһ㣬ҶžԼ΢΢Щϲ֪϶϶žӷҹ顣
ʵҵʱ룺۾׵ģҪô߰
Ϊҵݣһ˺ŨױƤͿ˺ĻɫӰһ¡
ʰװ԰ɹɹ̫ʮҫۡµǧϣȥ飬ǰʱֳ罻ӡ
ţѰ˼Ÿúұ׵ûףѹûڴȴͬģǰȴƮһףรһûڴֵˣ
棬ʲôأôߵǰ㶼û֡ȻЦǱȺӻѿˬʱðġ
밡С˵ߵӰʱ˿̶ŮĵӣֻʱŮ׵¡صǳԿοһǴС飡
ǣȻһѹ췢鲻׵ˣͻȻðǰ˴Ϸ룬ҵĸ·߷չĲ̫Ѹ٣ʵЩˬġ
𰡣
⣬һûƺĵĻ˵˳
ѩϲǧԱߵʯϰ㣬Ȼ˱ңֵһȻ
Ȼӹ֮󣬼ڳǰ׳յЦݣʵ棬ױеŨأ
˦һﰡȻɵӶܿҵױŨˣʧܰ
棬ǴΪָңҶŵ֥أ
Ʋһۣ˿ڸݵĲҶ촽ֿһȣȤʮ˵⣡
Ǹոտʼұ˵ϧ˷ûңϴζɻ֥㣬͸ѩ̣ŵѩϵ
εĳѩЦЦѩ̵ѾһƬ糺졣
ִӻͳһŽҵ棬㿴ϴζϰһ磬Կʼϰһնʱ򣬵͸ҵģ˵ǴҼġ
ɽҵЩϡˣɽǵطʢҶôҲʢˣ
ҡҡͷ˵Ҳ֣Ҳ˼ɣصظӻġϲϲ͸ɡ
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˵һСɽоӥ־ֻ֪ǸСɣֻСɲŻ֣һҪϸޡ֣±СԼ㿴˼䵱֣Ķڲͬһͺдҷ緶
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ЦӥǮһŵ֪ΪաǰĽҲȥһҵ°ܽ񳯱ҳЦ³ɺ޸޴档
˼ȥҵսʼǲ֮٣ҵ鷳ɣܲңӶۣʼȥ¥ҹҹ˱㿪ʼ˵˵һй˽ߡ
ʼ׫Ųɸ˵ܹϵ԰Ѱ֣˵͵ж֮񱣬ҹҹէһЩʹӵҰʷҪ
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Щǵص̩Ȼ֮ҪӰ졣߬ýȭͷҲȥܶΡ
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ͷ˵ΪʱЩ顣иܽѩĽⶾʤƷɽκ涾Ϊȥⶾ
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˵Ҫ˵Ļ뿪ˣԴ̾硣ǣʼҪȢѩ̵ģѩ̣ΪҪ޸磿ԽԽͷʹ

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찡ָŸȻ͹ģҺĸͶ꣬ûִǣΪϲǵһ⡣ȻǰҲ֪ϲֺֿ;ѩ̲Ǻ׽Ҳû뵽ľȻҶϲֶ֣
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ס̸ͣԴ飬Ż֪ж೤أɽׯҪʲô
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΢΢㻹ʵ԰Ӹ𡣡
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һü۵ͼӣҲɵЦ֣ȻӺٲϲҶҲûʲô⣬һ˺ңΪЩƵԵʰɡ
˵ĸﰡЦ
Ǹմ߳ȥǸµǸˣ
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Сİ첻ǽ㲻е𣿡װ޹Ŀҡ
Сʵ̫ˣСôҲ˷˸ӵţ˳ƺֲ֣
Ҹ׼ʱֻһĮü㣬ΪλߣĹ֮ڳɺͳ
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һҲЩΪѣ˵ʵͬѩ̸ոִһ·ٻЩΡȥϣ뵽ʲôɿԲѩһ
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ڵļߵĸΪ˸ѩһ֣ѩ̾ڵҹס׵Ĺʵڲ˵ֻ˵ǣԲ﷢ᡣ
ҹǰѴѩ붴ұһܻ԰ûǰǳԾơһ԰ӣŵܴļ̌ͷһԭǶ鹫ҵ԰һ˺ƾơ
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СţʵŤӽ׶˵ҲǸܾɥ飬ұû˵Ҳ̫˰ɣҵѾ԰ӣ˽һĲ㡣
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ߣҪԡģʧͷ֮ˣѰģбۿ
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ϲͬ˳ףԵѹġҰοʵ⻰ǰοԼǣͬ˳ףǸϲϲ
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ͻȻĻСģȷʵ̫ˣϣȻȥˣ»ؼ棬һúóл֮˵תʧҹɫ֮С
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ʮ 

翴ң˵棬طɡ
Цŵͷǣҵʵںòȥǣһ·ĬĬĸԣֻһֱߡ
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档
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ͻȻЩסһʱ֪ǺãΪҪ
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۵ĳҺѾܾұһǴӦ
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ҾЩ֪룬ӦԼҲҵϲأֻϲգʧȥľȦأ
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ԶиѽκİӢһСͷĿԶǱפصġҺ͵ϵĸۡ˴֮󣬶˵̴Ӧæˡ
ʵҪΪ˴ĶӢˡӢʱǴŻʸҵŵģǵ彫ҲǻʸҵľɲԻʸĹһ͸©˴ǻʸҺ˵ݣӢ´磬Ҫǵ졣
ǵκҵĵһϣκĿǡҶǾĵúܡǸ辡˵ʱ¾ϯܵԺȥɢ
κĺԺǿʯĻ԰¹ԵøġɢŲ˫ͻȻҵ۾
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֮ˣֻ棬һЦĺ⡣
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ѩ̺ͶڼɽһᣬȻϧ𣬴ѩ̵Ӱʧҹɫеʱ򣬶عͷżɽķ˾䣺ɡ
ҴӼɽλƵ˳ȻЦų˵˾䣺Hinice to meet you
ıڳ鴤һ㣺˵Щʲô
ЦŻش˵ͷԼƻ󡣡
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§ҵļ˵СİҴ󵨵ȥ׷ĲǣҪָ֧Ұͬѩ̹Сһ𳤴󣬶ϲһָˣ߸磬ûʲôϲĶ
˦֣Ҫɫ˵ҴɩˣɲҪ⣬ѵҪ˵ģ
УǴˡҼܻãһĴɩˣôҪػѡ
ôҴ˶ģ֪ǡҼҾĽе
һӲ֪ôش𣬽Ͱ͵˵ҡҡ
ѵͨҽѵ˵ĵӣץС
ƴҵ֣ôܣʦأСҵ뵱ҵʦŶûУ
ô˵ʶˣһûзϣ
ҼĿ⣬۾ʼתƺڱ׳Щ

ʮ ꣨һ

Ŷ鲻ͣʵ飬˵ǲʶ˰Ϊʲô˵ȥɡ
沿Щ鴤ȥǸСΣҲŲԼȥ
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һǲ˵
ʵҲֻʦֺЩϵ
ҵ۾һʦ֣ҵʦ־ҵ𣿡
ͷɣ϶ûͽԵǰʦѧգʦ׽ʦʱʦֱϵܺãʦֵԼĶӣһҪʦʦ̸ֹͽأʦˡ
ӶʱֻңǸϱ⡢⡢Ҳ̫ǰ˰ɣ
ʹһǱе˭˵ʦǶϱ
͵ľѣʦ˵ʦ
ǰʦߣȻʦѵʦְ
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ƴҡҵͷ㵽ЩʲôСģҶ˵ʦǶϱҪǶϱϲʦ𣡡
ʦѵǡŮӣͻȻǰһͷĵͻȻôû뵽⴫˵е˾ȻǸŮӣ
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ͻȻһĨۺɫȹͻȻҵҰǾµСӯЦݣĳ֣㣬㣬㰡ôɣ
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ԭҲȥĽѩЦЦһΪˣŮ˶ԡʲôãЫŮĪҪ䣬һŮƲˡ
ԱȣһǸǶȴԳӣһ˲ȴǫƲŮѩа취Ҷ޵ݡ
ƷЦ˵ĽССĲѣС㵱ʱӳ£ΪˣڳĹӶСķ
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ѩ̿ʼ¶ʽЦݣ۾һбһֻ߰ĹֿʼЦţˡ
Ŷѩ̵ı湦̫ˣвѩ˰ҳȵأЩԹߣʤң綼ѩԵκġ
ѩ̾ȻӦƤĺǵԼһĹѩ̣սȻǿȻǹеս

ʮ ꣨

ƷѩһᣬƷңˡƷңҺһٳŵ˵ǹñȥκݷҡ
ҵͷСѾͷǿɰûѩ̵ľޣȴһʵңԣҲڴٴꡣ
ƷңǸ˵㻰ĺùΪڶƷκƷٲȻѩ̵ģѩ˵ͣȻûԽڵĴС̸۵Ļ޷ǷΣʵȥˣǺƷңԺ͸͸
Ȥ֪ѩ̽Щ˼ġƷңԹţǽãң͸
ң⻰ɲܵ˵˻ƻĺءһЦ
㣬Ҵλѩ̽εģҲѧءҲǷǳɰ
ңҪԵ˭أҲңҲСˣʱˡ綼ҲΪѡѡš
Ʒң̾˿֪ˣжǼǰģȻҺ͵ܺãȴϲĺңģƽǴңκκ硣
κ磿ЦЦСѾͷĶӡò˰ɣ
㣡ŽţǿɰļƴζκκĶӣңر⣬ǱŷӶңġ
ŶԭκĶӰҲٷΣԸȴǳĬͬ˽û뵽Ʒңȴôġ
㣬ҲϲǸѩ̽㣬컹κġң죬Դ׶˿ɰŮһǵһμ
ѩҲǣ˻ˣɻǸʻƵĸͬ˳ȥ飬Ʒκӡ
ѩ̽ķ˿̫ˣңֻżʶɽһǰҲʤ̾š
㣬ѩ̽˿𣿡ң̧ͷֵĿҡ
Ҹɿѩ̽רţ۵ġ
ţۣңҡҡͷû뵽ѩ̽㻹Ǹеĸ֡
һ磬ڼ˴˵еκӣȻǸٷĮ綬ĺ磬ǿεȴ紺ĺ㣬ůġ
ʱʹ绹ڷϢκǽκӡǰκ۶ǣȻǸ߰
ϲЩ߰˵ˣұ㾲վһԣʲôҲ˵ѩ̣ϯͬκӼһΣǰս
ּˣҹӵĵղѩʵ岻ѡ
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ѩ̰ǴԱ𣿿ɼߵŮĶа취ԵĿ
СòɣҲȻ֮Ʒ
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СѾͷԭѹѩ̰һͷѩžףͷֳˣ΢΢Цǰ£һ治֪ʲôء
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Ʒңң˵ĽеĪǽҲϲӣ
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ң˰֮󣬲Եҡκ˵Ľĺϣĸ
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ŶԭǲݰһӺðҵĿұ죡
㣬ɻᳪ裿ң㳪ңƷңһһᳪ㲻ͣקҵĸ첲ҳ
ֲһֱקңǴӦɤӣұ㿪ʼ
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ʮ ꣨

ҳ֮˶סˣƷңץҲţ૵¾´óźֻʣôʰǺôʡ
һԵҲΧҵĸ⾳Ũ
ҼװǫЦţ㸽˼ţ˼ʩ˳ϵĴдĺãʲô£
ŨƷҲΧ˹ɫһû뵽Ѿ͡
ŶԭƷҲںҳ谡ˣ˰
ҺǺǵЦţţֲ˼ҳŮô㿴㳪׸裬Ҳ˵̾ζ
ҹʱ֣һһɤӳϲ֮Уѩ̵ıӲ֪ûˣ
˸ˣǲܽѩҲҪ˰
̧ͷһϣаȵЦʵҵ
飡ҵʦˣ
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Ҷ˵걧Ǹ֮ϸû˱ҵİУźһûСңбųİɣ
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ͷֿʼСѾͷҲûã֪֪Ϊʲôôҵ㣿ΪǽżұľڣմȾżе㡣
㣿ѵүҲǷֺķ˿
ʹҵͷ㣡ʲôֺģʲӶŵһ㣬ֻҪմȾߵﶼܱרѪӥᵽ
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˵ǱˣŲģֻѪӥŵõ
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ͷֿʼſЦǿҪˣֻżұ㡣ԣߵǶа취ҵǡ
Ҷ˵һߣѪӥʮֺܾȱܿһʱԺ취
ҵͷӣﻹһǶ֮ǰҵģҪڽʱóõġ룬ֿԳˣ
óͷĴʹȥҾⱲӴûô׼ѾһţϷƵģקסңʩչṦҸϽ
Ҹһ·Сܣһ·ϣԵһٶȸϵ򡣽żұһξ룬˼·ڸϵǡӢĵط䲻ʲôǳأȴҲİ֡
յǣΪݣҴӣһûѪӥ׷ǵˣǻܽѡ˼죬ҺڿҼҾ¥Ъһ
˵ǻҪðʲôʱҵʦҼһŽͣԹš
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ίӣ˼ӻ黹Ϊ㡭
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ƲƲ죺ǲ֪˭㵱Լðÿ䶼أڿڿĽУѾͷǷܽأ
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ұ˵κλȴһůĸоĵɢҲ˵ֺ˵ԹԷϽˣҪʰ·ˣȥˣǸĵ£ȥͳǡ
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ҷ˸ۣȻ§ҵļ˵ԹԷΪ޾ϲģ㲻֪˼ҴӼĵһ𣬾Ľˣ
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ҶЩ˷߶ţĪǴŷǱ߹ģ
۾һȻҵԴ˵ϡ˰ɣӢˣסڱԶĵطСѾͷû档
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ֻӥ˧熪µ˵ʣӦȥhave a launch
ӻϰ屻ʵһͷˮҲתͷŻң˰ɣӢ˶ó·ģԺٲҵĻͰȥǵʵƷǸ䣡
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Ӣ˧˷ܵҵ֣Ҫһף۾̵˳æӢ˧֣Ȼߵ˵Ůܲףſ֣
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ͬѧԴӸһ·֮˵ĿԽԽͬˣҺĵͷԼ׷ߡ
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§һȥ㲻Ҳҵ˵Ӣ޻ƭûӢˣҲǵһμôѧһ档
˦֣ð䣺Ϻ˵ŮܲףԽˡ
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ܲͷһֱڷΪڵ壬㰲οҼ䣬㶵ĵͷܲͷңƣҹϵǲƤýõõϢָҲȽϿ졣
ܲͷֆ·ԸһЩ飬ȻҪȥҽһоҽҪ뿪һЩӡ֪ԼѾ鷳٣ء
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ȥеαװҵۿѾȫ顣æļȥֻļпǳɫ̥ǣ̥ͬһֻĺ
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գʱһĻãҲֻΣ粢û뿪ңԾԣԾܸоĺ㹻ˡ
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Ǹϴƺ˼һᣬȻִĽС˵˴˻ҵĿնӣǼˣȥ׽Ǹ¼ҵСү
Ļһ䣬ֻýŲ˺һӣĴû죬ݶѣһ͸࣬ԭҪ׷ɱ˲ң磡ԭŵѾ֪ˣЧʣֱƹŴOǰ
һͷǷү˰ݣȻ߶үүӦһҪҳɹȳ磡гһһصҵߣһĲǼģ
˵ֳ꣬Ǹү˼£ϽʩչṦȥ硣
żıéݣѾˣæӺߣ˳ѷһ¡
Ȼӳȥûãŵ˱׷粻ͣıܣʵӸտʼָǲʺôġٲܿûˣ˵ʲô
ɫܲÿæôܳŵס𣿡
ڰ֣ʾҼܣ㾡ģҡ
ҿʼʩչṦһ˵ѹҷɲ˶ã½ҲģԾܡҧǲţʱʱų
֪Ǻ̤һƬ֪֣Щ֣ȥܾòͨ֡ҪıҲû̫ࡣһұ㷢ȷʵܲԾ
磬ЩԾǺ˱˵Ҷ絣ǵ˵
۾ûʲôװ
ҡҡͷͩľ󷨣סߣ󷨱Ҫ£Ϊûг·ֻвԼܽ⿪
۾ȻһʼЩ˼
ֿ˿ŵӣⲻŵԼҲ֮ˣʲô˻ôأ
һоʱŵͻȻ˸Ҽæƿվǰ磬ǰըųһŨŨĻ㣬˲ԾıἸ¡
ţͻȻӷ̱ŻһӵģȴһĻֻöںȼ㶾棬ҪѰ˯ȥ棬桭
ţұʧȥʶ
ûãҵʶݷصͯ꣬һĵӣڵĻŴһϷ
ҿŴһ׽Ū磬纩ĳЦЦѩһĶŽšϲֹҼǵӪұһĵš
浽ˣѾǺҲͣĺţȰȰͻȻȴоΪȥͷĺˮ˭أ˭ΪҲأôͻȻأ
ģģҺ񿴵һƯӰӰˣڿǸ˭Ǳҵװ
ֱ˵ĻȥĶˣ㰡
ҵԴȻĳЦЦԣҲģˣҪԣҪ͸ǵĻҪʹˡ
һֱܹԵģﰡǲʹһߣҲ뿪ң
ĿƺЩҺ壬˵ֻҡҡͷ
ʱҵĶִһЩе棬ҪͬߣҪͬߣ
棬ǲǵ˵㶼ֻҵ澣ȥֻȥһûôܳ˯أ
棬ôˣ㶼Ѿҵˣûҵ㲻׼ߣ
ЩԶĴԾ΢ЦҲ֪ûЩǱ뿪
ڿˣ棬ҪԣҪúûȥҪߵ˴֣ȴǳסһҪǿĻȥ
˵䣬㻺뿪ңҿʧıӰԼȴǱ˶ľͷƵĶáֻٴδĽеҪߣҪ뿪Ұ
ϺȻִϤ
棬ѹ棬Ұ
棬ʦ˵ܲܰȥͿˣһҪѹ
棬Ǻòײô뿪𣿡
棬㲻ҪܽѩǰɣʦҲùǸʲӴ磡
оץסҵֻ֣ģȴܲϵĴůѶϢ
棬ôҪҲһȥǰɣ
÷ôһֱڽңᰡ˭ڳ˯˭ڴҺ۵ʱ⣿ҷ۾һ˫Ǻϲòһӳ
Ӽʯ⣬ۣĵĽе档ˣˣ

ʮ 仨¶

Ȼǿ¶Цݣǰ⸱ݣ˵˾䣺Good morning
ı齩סˣ۽ǵЦˣЦ˵Ǻǣֿʼˣĺˡ
ǰӢ֪꣬ΪΣԾʮֲ԰ףʵô˰㿴룬жûϴˣ
㶼˯ҹˣҲſҹˣһϵ˽
̧ͷһǸǵ겻ϣͷȴѻףһȴʮֲʡ
ˣͬ˵棬ʦζ֣ͩΣʱҲʦǡ
׺ϵһ磬ߣСʦõĶҲù˭ҵͩء
ٺһЦʦ˵ˣ涼ˣȥûˡ
׺ʹһ£Ȼҵ֣ҵϣȻֿ˿ҵɫͷûʲôˣֻʣµж
ʦвжô㲻˵ֻҪ˾û𣿡ܽŵʵץҵּӴȡ
ʦñǿһߣʲô˵ģǵжǸУʦ֪ô̵ͽܣһ͹˵ˣֳ㣡
ڨڨЦЦٺ٣ʦѵǡʦѾˣͺףѶ˰ɡ
ȹ˺Լɣ϶ѾˣٲⶾСֵûʦˣ
û죬ҵͷֿʼģʵ۾ֳ˯ȥһ˯ĵ徻ûκ˵ĴţʱѾʱ֡
ۣܿ˿ȴûпӰӳȴǰͷϵӲǵ˵˾䣺л֮
ĪҪЩǿķϲžģеĶܿˡ
ɷһ£׷ʲô£أ
ҵ֣ͩŵ׷ɱԭͩ󣬱ǶԴߵһͷڣҲܡ
֪Ƣģּ϶Ա˵ˣԱĶⶾĶҵöģһʹҹڵİ׳㻨ȫή
ʮİ׳㻨ȫСӸһˣ

ĽУҽˣҵ־Ϳˡ
ʵıǣ
˵˱ҵˣʦ˳ˡ
񣿡ɤһ죬æסЦˣ鷳£Ķأ
ƳһۣǸСӣڵȻҵ¶ˮȪŽⶾأ
ǰҰǾȻʱ϶ѾˡʵĶǲô췢ģǳʱıԼʹĶٷ
ǼҵʱȴҾ㣬ģȴҪȾ㣬ͷҲûˣֻȾˡҲÿȾ㣬Ȼ类ģڻ֪Ͷ̥Ͷļˡ
΢΢һڲ֪ôˣ¶ˮܿҵƵģЦ˵Сôͻи
ҵһۣʵˣȵʲôȰ
ӣȻ˵ͷסô꣬ûȵȡ֡Ѿͷǲʲô飿
һһЦͽл¶ˮȰɡԺ˼ˣ˳¶ˮȵҲˡ
ˣͷãҵ¶ˮȪӦѾͷȻмִϻۡҿмƣѾͷ˰
ҼסϼɽĻش
ϼɽǡץңżʵ
ҵǸ߾
񼤶ңΡΡ˵ǡʲôˣ
ô䲻֪ȫʲôĹҲǾģʱҶ߶šššᵽһԭһֱΪʲôӲԭﾹȻڣ
ʣʶ𣿡
͸òµĳſ֮
ʲô˰ΪεӲ
˵Щ㱣ҡҡͷ˵Ҳܶ˵ܸ㣬ˣòĵҲʮģһһЦ˻ǣӡ
ڣĪϵĺˣﵽʲô˰
˦˦ͷȻ˵ЩȥɣǺúˣҪܱ˵ģЪŰɣҳȥҩˡ
˵꣬ԹԵˣҲͣ׷ʡ
ڴ죬ڿµˣÿȪҡǻϲһһоĶѾĲ˰ɡ
˵ʮ죬Ҫ´ʱҵķ䡣
棬ɫöǸҵϵĺð
ôбۿ
Ӵֻôһᣬ˵Ǹˣ
ҰһۣķԷ
ңվСѾͷغߣøȥԺߡ
Ĳ£߳˴Ĺ뷿һ߳ſڣұ㱻ǰľסˡһƬľ󣬷ȥһƬɫΡĸɽ˻ݲݣŸ˵ʱٲȻһƬ˼ɾ
̧ͷ磬Ц⣬ָǰҶ˵棬㿴ʦĹȵΣԸԺڴ˹ꣿ
۾Щôõһ̻ᷢҵǰȻҲ֪еĻֻҵһξʹϿһҲеһȡ

ʮ ׷

棬ɴӦһ׷ҡ
ЦЦûнĻҲ֮ʦΪλأаҽôǳʦĹ
縧˸ҵͷȻЦ˵ʦǴ˵еҽԴҲˡʮǰʦڽСʱĴʶ˺ܶ཭ϵǲ֪ΪΣǰȴҪ¡
˵ʲôŮӰʦأΪ˦ˣԾӵȵףȻһ겻¡
ٺһЦȻһҵıӣȻ˵龫֣֪Ķࡣ
˵ţð˳Ѿͷ˵ǷǿɲǺϰ߰ôõĲѧƫƫҪѧ㣡
Ц˵ͷĪҪͬѾͷƽˣ
ҡҡ֣ûûСģһ
˵Ұء
Ҫ˵ԣҲеˮ֮źŰ˵꣬ʹ˸ЦĻصʦǰָʹ˸ɻ
˵꣬һطҷڴϣȻܳȥ˵ʲôģѣһݸԱ߳ԣԼȴһõҵĴǰ׼ҴϺһ߳Ա¡
ЩȻҵľعϸɣ廹ûʱҵعϸôģǳԡû취ˣôɹعϸɣɹЩعϸɳû뵽ˬڵʳһӳÿհͿڣҪԡ
ƣǰˣݵĵô٣ȴһǶУʦô꣬ѾͷȲˣ
ʦ˵ЦˣأԵҪһ㡣οӲŸոջָЩҲòӡЦ
ߣ˵Ǹ첲գЩǲõҪȥ˲¹Ѫ֮ģǣ˵ˣµ˻ʲôЩ˼ҲһأСӣǺڽҽԽԽ񫡣
ͷ㻹˰簡Ҫת⣡㲻ĻЩͳͳͻһҲ׼ԣЩ̲סˡ
ͷЩŭƣô˵ŮȻƢŮҲ̳ľɫ֮ˣǱվǲడ
һĿԲе磬ȥĵĸˣ
ΨΨŵŵ˵ѽѽǸ𰡣ӻûãҪŭ˵һұ׼ı˵Ļá
Ҷ̬Ⱥ⣬㿪ڵ֪ҵôʶ𣿡
ͷһعϸɷȻдʣ˵ʮǰںҽʱҽǳıߡʱиٵСȾزΣԸƵӦ׮£С檻Ҷ㱻ǴǨŭ
˵ĵҡ߾ʱְ꣬ӹһ٣
ұѡʱ߻һҵһμ˫ȥ˺ҼκŮӶȲ˳ƵĸԷ
ʱһϮ£ŵϵӣµĶ쵰ǹ΢ЦҲŴӸ߾֪Ůӵֱţ
ֺű˴˻кøУǽͬκݣ͸ֽԵһȻһʫѵĲϣǽʶ˴ү޼
ͬ޼νǶΪĲſŹͬͱڵʱĲϣ߾ͬ޼Ƿâ¶Ϊʵȴ
һ˾񣺡
Ĵ˶̾Уòǻ۶˼亱С
Ҽæ˺ˣͷ֪ʩӴ佱Ļʹסɣ˵˵ﵽӮЩ˵̾ġ
Ǻǣʱи˵洫һ⣬˼˽⿪ΪѸֺ֣˭֪ȴŹ⿪⡣
ǣҪʮӣһҪֵö֮һڶҪֵ֮һҪֵþŷ֮һҪη֣֪𣿡
̧ͷһ磬۾תתȻҡҡͷ΢΢һЦʲôѵģֻҪһʱóһӱԽ⿪⡣
ЦЦ˵ԭ˰һһʮӣһ˿Էֵþڶ˿Էֵ˿ԷֵöȻʣһһԻԭӳˡ
ˣЦŵͷȻŵŮͬһĴ
ﰵ̾ȻǴĿڴִȥ˵Ȼʲô⣬ǶǺܷĹŴܽ⿪⣬ȷܲ򵥡
ͷֿڵ˽֪𰸵ģֻЦЦ˵ҵļĿƽɫģʹںδֻ˵˵ķˡ
򣿡ڣҵȴǴģҵĽЩʡ
֮󣬡ͷ˵޼һ಻֮Ե
ʱһһֱ˵ʦϵúٸ裿
ɫͻȻĪʵٸ˭
ʱһƬžҸоĵﺬһƬţһۣȻ˵ٸǺݻʵͷơҲ͸ˡȴ򳤵
ҿʼЩˡ
˵ٸĶӰɡ
ȫǿ϶ûκʵ̬ȡͻȻЩŪٸ裬ܿΪүȢؼȥǰͬ˵ү۰ѵֻΪģƣԲ޼ٸϲ
̧ͷ磬ͷȻúƽ˵û棬µĺܶԡҵϲѾˣ˶٣ãЩ˵ֻѡ
ʵڲȥ˿ϵı飬ۿƺЩĶת

ʮ ʼѭ

ȥץ֣ȴĳ˺ܶࡣ
ʼЩʣҼÿֻͥԺеҵĵ۰ңǶȴʼֻྴ
λȴʼտλӣ˵ʼһˣ֪Ǹˣԭ
ЩѹһֱĽҵ飬ҲһֱϣԼĵܹԼϧԼĵȴҵס
̫ˣԼЩܲʵˡ
ǣĲιˡ
Ĺ˼죬һֱûҡԭһֱʱҶ£⼸ûߣ̫徻ˡ
ǣĳҹұȥ磬Ѱ˺óʱ䶼ûмӰĴߵҩ԰
߽ȥʱڸҩݽˮ
ǰȥͬкûп磿
ЦһôЩ治ŵŮ
ͷ㵽ûп簡Ҳˡ
ûУѾͷֹ龫ֵģ֪һҲԸͬͷ̸ġ
ǺãͷʵҲ㡣Ҷ˵ʵĻشҡ
˵ɣðɣʲôʰɣ֪Ҫ֪ġͷҺò׼һ˵ˣʰɡ
ͷʵͨ˼ҵŮɣŵļȴգǱӦǽ֦ҶĪϵĹ
ͷ˵ͷҼ˵ȥǣµĹֻԷԷҲ۾Ҳﵽ˭
صĶ˵ܴԿʵĻʺŮĺˣϻֻлʺԼʺĺ˲Ż᳤ɫ۾
ֻʺһһŮһŮĸţʵϲŮҲµһŮϮ
ҵ̫ѨһһģȻʵѾ²ʮ˾ţǴϢȴЩ̫ܽܡ
Ұ˰ͷȻԼԼ˵ﾹȻϮͻȻ뵽ԼͬԷЩԭΪͬҵĸͬĸҲ˵ֲԭΪıãһأ
뵽磬ұ񣺡˵һи˾ˣҾ˾ôġ
ͷ˵и˾ˣȴںܶǰüƺˣĺӱ㽻ԷʵԷҲ࣬Ѽ޸ϲˣҪӣҪԼɷͣȢС檻ؼҡ
ӣͻȻǰڴʱ·ߵĸҰĽ̸ԷӡʱҾ;Щ֣ΪʱѾ֪ԷǴû˵ԷиӣôӾ˭أΪʲôû
ͻȻһ󷢺ڿ˵ôİңȴôҲ֪ܡͻȻ⵱ʱҪΪµİһҪȢŮĺˣ᲻Ѿ֪ҵ
ѾȥˣȻһ㲻Լĸ飬ΪԲŶôãһǻܽܲ˵ġ
ͷ˵Էиӣ˭𣿡
ҡҡͷͷ뿪쳾ѾʮˣĻ֪ô£οССһԷĲӵĺӡ
Ϊλ
ѾͷôοҪ׷أЦ
ĪΪɣҵʵ
ɬٴ𣺡ȷʵҪŮˡʮǰʵҪʸҵĳӣѾԱ˽ˡ
һ𣬻ʸңǲǴļԭ˵Ϯǻ˼ұǻʸңЩºڤڤע㣬һȦվٴϡ
ҲΪӻ飬ڻʸңԲΣʱ̾ȳġ
һЩˣԭమıȻô¡
ֿʼ˵ľȻҺѹֻҪܵõҸұҲܰġǣѰϼɽɽŵķӣﰲĵĶ⡣ҿиùޣҲȴԸרҽ
˭֪ʮǰȴִæҵҡ˵󣬵ҸϵʱѾһϢȴұס㣬ʵҺﶼ㰾˵ʱҲǹءҪұס㣬ֻġ
ұùƶԣҵĵȷʵ̫ǳʱס˶ԣȴҲԷɣǣһҹ֮䣬˿ȫףΪ˱￴һΣұҹ뿪ɽׯ
ҴʱȥΪһ֮öҸϵɽׯʱȴĿ籡һ涼û
ĵ̾˿Ҳ̫ѹˣϾѾ뿪ôЩ꣬ԸܱסңԸ֮Ҳмġ
ңСûףʵĺܿչ˵ģҸûദһ죬Ҳĺܿͬúһֻһѡ
̾ȴеһů̧ͷöһ˫аȵ۾
𣿡б۶
ȻˣôҵȻҪοˣСүҪʱôǲǸжĺܰ
ҰһۣڲŤˣ
§§ңȻ˵СүұҲǺķģǿôңȱĸñ谮㣬ԺӾбҸ
ȿȡһԸɿСھ۰ɣͷˣҸضԹȥҩ԰ˡ
˵꣬Һ˸ۣȻһɣıӰ

ʮ ֺ

һ紵ҵĳְͷ۵棬Ҳ֣ҰͷѹڶЦ˵㿴㣬С¶ãעֻչˡ
ס֣ʵ磬ĻһӶô𣿡
ǵȻʲôʱƭ㣿Цرϡ
磬֮ǰ˵𣿡
ûУҲǸղʦ̸֪ģȻҲԼﲻͬڳˣȴûҵǶ˵κϢ֮ǰ˵ֻǸƷҲֻǰʦǶŵ֪Ǹ
ҵͷȻ磺磬ϵΣ
ɫͻȻ࣬һң㣬֪ˣ
ҵͷΪŵ׽ҵģҪǵˣ˭֪ȴҪ׽㡣
ʱұЩɣ˵ʦѾĺܺãҵѰ㣬˵ŵˡ
ԴӼǰҼҳ£ҲûͬүϵҲʱͬϵģҵҲ֪ҵ¡ֻԼŵ˲Żҵ㣬˵ûɣ
˵ͷ˵ȻϵͲܷӵݣܷͬһ𱨳Ըǲǣ
һҵѾ˰أ磬ѾҪȥڽɽΪλҪͬ˵ЩΪλҪ˵ҪչһӣΪλҪ˵ͬһӴЩ˵ֻһ۵ΣȻˣȴҪİδơ
ִȥĺܺޣﲻͣĽţ磬̧ͷסҰ˵ʵ˵Ļ
ûκεжҿĺʧǱ˦ȥ
ֹ˼죬ִҵǰʧˡһϣѾ׼ͣҺʱûп磬֪ڹˡ
߳Աңôû簡ϲǺôСڳ˰
£Сһۣ֪Ȥı졣
ųţͻȻ˽Ҿܣ𰡣
ˣұųţֻʣţιôûԣСڻ˷ѣ
ҳŵʱӸһعϸɴУ찡ͷ
ұųţʩչṦҷ˲ã䵽һݵԱߡݵǰһƬľĺݵظи滨˿Ŀ
ǺδΪλ˵鲻ԽĽе
ֹء¶˵ɫָź洦˵㿴
ҶȥֻϷһȺźĻһƬө棬ЩөͺһƳһܰĳҵͻȻЩ¶
ʵЩ죬ǰƬ龰ݷǰ֣ҵۿʼЩģĺ˳һɻů磬ҵĵ˿˿粨
ߵߣĿңгЦ˵棬ɻǵ𣿡
̧ͷ۾һˮֹס֪ÿնỳǰһĻĻһΪѾˡ
أ˵ţҵĲϵʲôҵͷһԭǵҵ
ϵ꣬Ȼĵ˵˾䣺ˣԭˡ
˼˵ԸɴԹš
㿴ҵͷҿ˹ȥֻľҲһͬӣϵĺͻοͬҲϵһģһֻҵĴһš
ǡҲ
ҲǼǺţ¶ʽаЦݣļǺš
һ飬о©һģǱ컬࣬ôôҰսˣ
˶٣Ȼǣҵ˵棬֪Щº֮䡣Ҫȥҵ£ɽȴһ⣬ЩĶǵӡҪʤʡȷѪ꣬һҲԸһĻ
Ҫ˵ˡҴ磬磬Ҳеʱĺ˽ֻԼľͺáС󣬵ʲô¶ǨңҽʼΪġ
ҿΪҸܶ࣬ҿڳңǨңңҲڱĬĬ֧ܽѩȴûҪΪ˸Щʲô
ӽ쿪ʼ磬ԸΪ㸶ԸȥԺ·ĸ֮·ҪսۺҸ涼ԸߣֱܴԸ
Щεץҵ֣ЩڳԵ˵棬㡢˵Ŀɵ棿㲻ƭң
ҳЦЦĸѾǰȫͬˣҲѩ֮ǰӦõģϾǲǱ˵ĸܣԵ˽ӽԺһĹ
˵ˣң˫§ҵļĶţ˵ˣ棡˵ģǣ㲻øģģ
ϲ棬ϲϲĻǣϲϲϣϲƤϲƽ⣬ͬҲϲ˽ͰԵֻҪ㣬Ҿϲ
ϲϲҼ֣ǼʹˣҲøģʼҵ棬ŵȱȫϲԸұĴңҲֻҴû㹲ͬЯ߹
硭૵Ľ֣Ļ˵ůһֱϼȡů᲻뿪
棬ڴ˷ģ⡣ҵֻиһˣжģҴܷ
У˵ҪôģңֻҪ֪ұ㲻ٻص߼ɡ
еҪ㣬ԶߣԶҪ뿪ҡ

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Ϊ磬ԲԶҩҿô磬ұҲʦ顣ǣ棬ҲʮѹжǸңҲô𣿡

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ҵЩѹȥס֣練סҵֻ֣Ŀڵ棬֪ж༵ƫƫٷ磬ĶţĿеĵλҲκ޷ȡģҡ
ֹס磬ȻԳƵĸ˵磬㶼óҶԴ꣬Ϊȴһ㶼ף
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ԣҵڵֻҵĴѣֻ֮飬ûŮ֮⡣ҲΪֳ磬˵Щɶ
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˵ǲˣҵ˼ȴ֪ΪΣͻȻһļµӰǺɫͫԴϹ⣬΢΢ۡ
뻳ڣЩ棬Щұ֪ˣ⼸һֱŤţ˵˵Ļʵ㻹磬ֻҪĵĻҲԸ
ЦˣȻĻѳСүҲ̫ûϢ˰ɣΪ˸Ů˾Ϳ޿ģԺôָĻҵ
ЦҵͷȻ˵ò㵣ģͰȵĵ̫ˣ
ЦЦָãһϲôл硣ҲϲֱͬŤ˵ҲϲͬκֱŤҾϲһл˵֮㲻ʲôҡ
ǣ˹̾˿̫ЦһҲûǲᵱʲô̫ġҿߣһսһľӪȴʲ̫ġ
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˵˵վܵĸ˵ǸҵɹˣұðϢÿÿӣҪҴ˶ʢ𲻾
Stop̴УСүûһǳĻ𣬡Ҫ븻ӶҪǿֻðհҵӹ󾫲࣬ǲҪ
ƶһƻߣÿΪҪĿĵҪŮ˵ӵĹߣŮҲˣкܶŮ˻˻Ϊ
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ڵĴϿƣݳ޻ӻðյڲˣȫڶãԴĵ·ߡ
ҴũȽ϶࣬ҲռЩԵũݵأ𽥻ΪԼΧ
翪ʼޣʮͬҵսԡ
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˧ֻǳһͷʲôҲû˵ӿʼԷ
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֣ҵüͷšһᣬͷϲִҡ
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Ų֪ڸعͷȴһǾɫ쳣貶ĿоЩϢ
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˧ۣͻȻһ٣ֿסҵĺұͻľٶŵ˦ϵˮҨ
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ǵʲôˣΪλʲôˣ书Ϊ˸ǿǾǲбĿģ
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ͻȻɿҵڵϣ˧Ϊͬò֮𰡣׺ݣи˧ţ
ڿԸңﵽʲôطǵʲôˣ
תת飬ȻشҽȻҶƣסׯǱ˷ӷҼҹʹѾͷģҲ֪ǺˣֻǹӴһźͷأĪҪһСŮְ
װӣû뵽ҵĺߣΪôƭ˵Ǳģ㲽죬һϳ˵ṦʱѾá˻ᱻ˷׽𣿡
ӢۣϳǻˣȻӢۣһ۾֪Ṧ
һЦϢ絽ҵϣҪڶ˵ʲôͻȻƬҶɹû۵ϣһѪۣһɣִҵĲÿ
ವһǰȻЦ˵ӦʦֵĻǽĺӿ֦˭֪Ӳ㱻ˡ
ͷ㲻һ㣬ֱӻƮȥ״ҷ޷޲ƽ
ЦŶ˧˵ҲûôİɣհκˣѾͷϸĵ͸÷һ书
ͷ˵ˣȿȡæϸĵģֱӲ£ﻹҪѰľȥһ٣
ҵͷһĴָҲѺõһЦԱӢϧӢ֮⡣
תͷȥ˧˵˭˵ʲôв˭˵ܶ鷳֮ˣ㾹ɱǴ
˧̧ס۾ͷһݷʱ䶼ֹͣˡ
ûǾңǼѾң϶ҡĮɽϵıѩ紵ǵߡ
˭Ҫ㣿ͷ˶ǳҽ߸ĸģÿ¶Ŀĵģҵǰ棬赲˧ĮϮ
ߣ˧סҵ°ͣҶ˵˾䣺𣿡
Цſһ󴺷紵֮еĻȫ֮ʢǵգڻħ
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ʲôߣͷͲǺò֮ˣΪЩǡ
Ϊʲô¶޵ĺȻЦţȴ˵սľ˵
ΪΪʹʾ֭Ϊ˭Ⱥ֪ʲô˵ͩﶷŹʬҰѪ߰ߣŪİ֣ͩƻ˹㶼Ҫ㶫ͽƽϣСɣ
˧ƺû뵽ҵƤ֮
ͷϽ˵Ҫʲôûˣæߴ
ҲǶҴع˧˵ҿϵ壬֪ˣҪıʥˮ
ʥˮէһǺѵõĶͷҪҪʲôǰͬ˵ҽδҼѵʥˮǿܽѩһⶾʤƷ

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ͷûشңǰһ˧˵ʥˮ䲻Ƿӿȡ֮Ըµ֣Ȼλ󻤷֮ϣ֪ôƺ
˧бһۣƺǲشϽʹ˸ɫҲŲæĿڵҲҽ˧ɣֻ˧磬ֵĿ˧ǳƺأǳƺͷأ
˧翴һۣһΣȻ˵ǿԽԯһ
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ͷܲǫЦ˵˵
ԯһЩˣޱ˵ѾͷֵĽʵܣԼѾͷβãΪҽʥĳƺţߣ
ԯһ˦ͷȥ뿪ǵߣֻһ䣺ʥˮ¾ұľ֮ˣֻǱҿθڵѾͷˣ
θڣ˵糤ʮ꣬ǵһô˵ңĻܸͣͳϮѸ˵סҵ֡
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ô棿ҶӵʺţЩš
ģͷˣֻ⼸ҪȥæչԯһˣЩһչأٴ߷ܽѩ
ҵͷΪ˴磬⼸죬һǸԯһأ
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ѾͷԯһҶˣҲҡ
λӢۣԽҵĴȻҲΪƹ
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Ҽұ׼Цݶ˵ԯ治Ŵҳĸ֣׼ǱЩСұҪǿܶࡣ
ֻū˽ΪֻͷʹƷûмԵϹŻѾͷƺūңû뵽ӵȺҲ˵ڲͬ
ԯһ״üͷȴšһᡣһӣҵֻһתѣθʧˣҲŷԯһҴҺܻ԰
Щ΢紵дЩջ㣬ҿʼЩߵӡܻ԰ʱʱк𣬾ͬһʱ
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ԯһ䵽ҺǶȻӡšƺܻ԰ǳĿ֣ͻȻһůӿ䣬ҵֿһȡ
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ʮ ͥҹ

ҿȻӣЩ⣺ʲôң
ԯһȴͻȻҵĻ磬תңУûнݣ
һƬɣȻһ󼲷紵Ҷۡҵʶѹ֮ʱֻǰһӰ¹аȵЦϣЩʵ
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һ˦ͷұʹؿڣҶġꡱһЦ˳Ȼְ뻳ڣʱ룬Ҫ̳Ǹ֮ˣƽƽĶã㲻бҵˡ
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һ֮ڸƳһƶоʮŸٷֱȵܽѩóչʾʱҲһϾ֮ֲýʥˮȻʥƷ
ҾؾɽׯʱȴͻȻˡĺܼͻȻ˵ͷʹ䣬ʼǶΪֻЩ˺ռ֮󣬾ȻʼŻ¡ҾԣúøѰ
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ˣȴһֱȷûκġȴûְաԯһ飬ÿƺͬЩͬ˵Ƶ顣
Ҷڻ԰﷢Ŵ׵Ϊʲôľ档̫飬ЦЦǰҡ
Сģͬʦ׽֮ļ˸㲻ˣ
磬㻹һƤܺ񰡣Һʱ׽
Сģ㣬Ĵͬʦһ𣿡
飬Ҳ㣬ǲʲôң
Сģǵø˵ģºŮͬʱˣΪɷӮ£İŮǶصĺжΪ
ǵһο˵ıҶΪֻǸƵغԺȵĽ˵óı컬ԣû뵽Ҳ˵˷ۡ
صĺжҷĥĻô˵Ҫأ

ʮ ̲˿

һҩ԰ͩ£ĵܺãյǰĻݲϣ֦֦ҶҶżȡʵĹȣ±ˣŵĸ
ҸһûһţţͻȻĵͷϡ
飬Ϊѩǲɢһڵ檰զʵ
ȻΪѩ̹ԣıͻȻСģ㲻֪ѩ̹ҼŮӣȻѾͷ⼸ûҲЩ˵ζ
Ϊò𣿡ﰵЦŶķǳ
Ȼѩ̹ﲻ˰һģ
仰ʵҺղ٣˵ѩǳϵģ˵ѩǿȥ㣬˵ѩ̴棬ұҲסˣ鰡飬۳ôֻ꣬ϲòǷǳϲĵУǸǳ
ṥģƫƫǸӣȴʲôҲ˵ֻһǻŭ޴й
㡢㡢㣬㵽״Ķôŵģ
ϿʼֳĵЦ⣬̸ѩ̣ƽոӶ
ʵѩ̹Ȼ࣬һһȴĵб¶Ҷֻ֪Ĺӣ˵Ҳ֣ѩ̹ݹˣȴֲԲѩΪ絮ºⶾȴ˵Լǽ֮ˣѩ̹ﻵڣҲǸ֮ţ
ҵһ磬ʼջɡ
ѩҲ֪Ǻ⣬Ȼ࣬Ӳ˵Ȼһһź磬ÿմ͵ҩžɽׯ¶ġֻǸ߼ҵĴ̣˭֪˺أ
ãҲǼõġȻƽǹĽȴɽׯһʲôҪҪ϶ͬԼ˽⡣
Ҫְ϶ܳɽׯרһȺŸ룬ʱ㱨еǵҵŮˣȴûκγΪ
ҲǼõģֻҪóԵʳʵ˸ȥʲôȸȥʣµ͵󷿡ǰЩҪȥͻϰ䣬ѩ̹ͱ֮ʱ涣統˿
Ҳ΢΢Щᣬѩ̣Ϊʲôԭ޸磬ȴһӵı֣Թ޻ڡ
޸һԼһĲң޸һԼȴһıκССȴҪееĲ뱯ѩ̣ʵҲͦ׵ġ
㰮磬ȴƫƫӣеĿֻԼÿ̷Ų谮ԼķҪĿǸԼܰӣÿնᱥ˼ļ尾
ǣÿܿҲͬȥϣŶ뿪㲻ǲᣬڿ뿪ԼޣΪ㲻֪ҪԼδ֪Ľ
Ҳίڶб˽˰ա
棬ѩ̿ߵʱ򣬱ҵһμޡ
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ѩ˵ΪŮСڼ㲻ӡ㲻ͬڸ׺͸ǵ۰Уȴ㲻ӣǮĸҲǶ֮ǡ
ʱ򣬸ױսΪһֱûк̳ĸױһкӴû˵λֻһһֱܺáȻȴԼĸŰССͱҪ֮ʹ࣬ǲĥ
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˵߼Һ󣬴õıǶӣӴû˰㿴᲻磬˵עҪ޸һԼˣҲĶԴԼˡ
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Сģô֪ģ˷ܵҡ
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˵ЩʲôѾֿʼԹԵ˵Ѿѩ̹˵ˣԸΪǲɢ檣ֻҪȻӵĶˣұͬȥף߹ѩ̣Ȼѩ̹˫˫ܡ
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ͬѩ̲ԸǶĽҵѵģʹݺ鳡꣬ҲϣΪѩ̶ѹҲó˿Ķ顣

ʮ ·ңң

ڹ˼Һ̻ؾɽׯһĶҵѹƵʱֻһ꣬ҲҪˣǱϽɽׯΪȥܽѩѹֶԣ绹ҪڹյϢЩӳ١
֮ǰҸ¿˸ͷŪ˶ΪǲǻвҶûɾˡ
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ҿʼĵȴѣܴӶ֪ѩҪ޸翪ʼҶŮӱ˼ϧҶԴֻ˵һԸȴõһĿΣظҪʹ顣
һ֮ǰϼɽϵĶԻʱľ˶ٵĺĲĵģһܵ˶Դ˼ģ

ʮ Ʒɼ

ϦѾûľͷһƬϵžžţƺʱš
ϢԽԽ㲵ӣֿʼ˼ʲôҪɱ⣬ҲǷ֮ѣţұ㿪ʼԹļȣң֣ôһнܲͬ
˽ҵģ֪ԹһԲ뿪ҡȻֵʱʲôµ״š
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ҶԵ֮ͬĴ֪ҸǸʱ䣬Ÿ಻ͬı
ûжԷǶ˴˼˴ǣңڵ͸ǹذµңڵ⽣ӰȴѲͬһˡ
ʵҲǺھεİɣš
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⼸ǲԲͬ˵Ҳȥͬ˵֮ձóĬԯһͲ໰˾ĸ·
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˷ܵڿԻؼˣȻȴ֪ٵѾǴǰǸЦľɽׯˡ

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磬ģһۣۿģ

ʮ 

һƬʪϡǵõһμʱůһƻС顣С󣬴ĿӣȻ֪ͬΪޣȻĿҪˡ
Ǹͬ˵Ĵ磬Ǹǫ͵ЦŵĴ磬ǸҺҵĴ磬Ǹ߳ԵʱǱҵĴ磬ǸǱӻ˯Ĵ硭
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񶼼ǵãҵĿͬһ飬ͫݷŹâ뵽˵ҵĲһؿںʲôˣԽ
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ĭ΢΢һЦ˵һƷˣĭӡ˵Ǹ߼ҵС㣬Ƽİɣﲻµġ
һͻȻǰ˵ӿҪӾͲ
º͵һЦһһҼѴӦ飬ʧˣȥ԰ԸǸλ׼䣬˺ǱҪפһƷֱСүˡ
һü˳۵˵˾ǣȻҴȥ׼
ĭӵЦĲʺ磬¶ˣ΢΢һȻ˵СҲжţֻСڴĪҪ͸©ݸκˡɻСȫȻȴǹ׶㰵ѷС㻹Сġ
ҵͷȻġ
һİæ£ҺԯһǰһָŮȻȱʼһǶұͬ۹⡣
ദҲ˽顣һƷϵϰ塪һ㣬ֻĭӵĴ˶ѣĭӼĲҵܶ࣬һĭӵĹܼһٳŸҵȻĭÿȴֻǳԺһӦѡ
һرãҳԵĲ˯ĲҽƼҵĺǺܸмġ
ȻÿÿҶл֮ʱЦŶ˵ǹӵĿˣԵáЦĵ׷ʵ˷ǳ

ʮ Ⱦѩ΢ĭ

һƷҹҲ㰲ȴʵı仯
ũʮ³һӢֹ˴Ĺ̶ͳ˶ʮĴһԵľ㡣
ȻӢȴܿĳ˺ϵķ硣֧ӸԼΪ¹ҵľӢʮ³ʽѡ
ͬʱ繫ȴ֮ʣ򾫱ҹ͵Ϯϵԭǵõֲ֧´ǰæϻɳȥԮıʣ޼粻Ѵ֮ԭʧȥĽɽ
ͬһ㡢ĭһŹӣԯһһԵϣžƱš
һͬצĽľƣÿմӿµս£ֱǸѵŲ
һһʲôĲûУĭº͵Цʵ
һЦݣҲĬĬ΢ЦĴ磬ۺʱʹо綾ʹͬһҲһֱЦݶԴůЦǶů¯֧ҶȹһһѰҹ
ŶУһ˵ٺźǸӢڵһСͷĿ˵ӢЭ֮󣬲ͬ˵֮λڲҲѺۡ
ҵͷȾ ӢڲѾΪϵ
һһ˵ȥĭȻǫ͵ӡ
ţӢڲѾʽѣһظϽǱϣҪҵʸҵĺˣΪȻͷ­ѪĽʿȴԸԼĽɽˣο˵״Ҳ˵֪
ﰵЦʸҵΨһˣҲҵĴ磬ѾˣȺѹˡ
һɵ˭Ϊףĭӿƽʵ
Т塣һ϶Ļش
һֺƵġĭֻ֣һüȻָֻǵЦݡ
Ѿˣûµһˡĵĵʱ򣬱СҿʼŴСҵĴôġҵǻһͣȻǼСΧӹˮ
˵˼ҵŮǲͬһԷģǵϧңӲЩ⽨壬ԣʲôóԵĶһʱиҡ
ҵ磬ڵӰ£Ҳ̸ҼвˣֺǺǵĿǡ
ҼһЩӪĵֱȽϲϲԵĲˣȻϲЩˣΪǴģǴڴڵȥ翴ͳͳԹˣ¶һǫϵЦģǸĿ
ЦݣҵĵײһƬʪϣҲûˣԼϲԵĲˣҶΪҼеģڴڵĳȥͰҵݷ뿪
ᣬԶͻʵĶ磬ʲôأ
ڳԷʱҼһЩȽϲԵģȽĲʽΪһֱȡЦ
ǸССĹ£ССԷӵĲݣС룺СҲ̫С˰ɣͷ벻´һҪСӵĹͷڶССԷСӵĹͷﲻ̾С̫СˣȻһݶûĳԣ
¸ǣǰԼúõĶһζǿӸˣҪǱ˵ϲáȻСֳҲϲԶôĲʽҪֻϲԵĶѡ
ڤ粻ĺӶ磬ССĹºץͷң棬ˣСС֮ԶԶԷ⣬ΪǶûԷԣϲˣպ󶨶Щԣ
һͷ亹֮ҼϲԵˮ㣬ըѺеȵȡ⵱Ȼҿĵ£Ǻϲʲôƺܰҵϲ磬ǱŸж̬
ԴҸ׺ҵƺʼͬǰͬˣȴһĶҺܺãǰϲԵʳǰʵˮԼˣңÿ춼ñš
ֻٻصɽׯҵĸоȴԶܶࡣֻһûѣҲôͬôľ룬ĪΪ磬Ҳݲˣ
ţұȥĹꡣ
ȥʱҸոպ뿪ӣǰżұ·ϡʱҲ֪ʵݣֻΪǶʦѡסһëĴѩĵ׿ʼ͸ΪҼȲ
Ҳ֪ĸ¥һЩƲˣ䲻ʲô֣ɱһ·ֻǿͷ˵ʢˡ
ģ࣬Ҳ֪ôˡҺԯһˣһŶûҲЩģҲЩ
ʮѮʱȴһѡ
ͬԯһڽϣЩɿڵʳȥôãһֱûԹʲôʲôˬڵСԣקԯһš
˵ԯһҾЩᣬǰڼǧִǱ׼һլУÿճڷ˯ԣû뵽ҲΪլУ
ֵĴϣԶĿЩΧʲôǰ˿ǰӵסټƤӣ˵ȫ
ͻȻ뵽ԯΨһ۵ŵ㣬̫һ˶ĵطգһɽͨ߻ѡ
Դұˣұ㲻̫ϲ˶ĵط֣Ȼǰʲô⾰ұתͬԯһ׼뿪
׼ʱȴŵĻ𣺡ϰ壬breadģ

ʮ ĩӳ

ͣסӣ͵سµĵطȥǸ޲أæ˦ԯһ޲رȥ
ҿĵĸ޲һӵͬ˵һڿ֮Ҳ˵ĺ˸Ǳĵϲá
ƣwhy do you be hereǲŰʵ
ҪȴͻȻѾ˵ˣָԼɤӸҲ˵ˡ
ô𾪵ҡ
ԯһǳʶʱҪʱð˳Һ޲֮䣬ңëʶ
ҵͷȻҲýëƺ޲غܲò
޲ҵʵƣΪʲô㲻˵
޲صĺﻹǵĵģҸԯһʹ˸ԯһ˵˶ˡ
б۵ԯһȻ˵ʵҲίһ˵仰̫Ӳ˵Ч˾ʮܣûһ׵ľ˱˵һ㡣
޲غܵĵ˵ƣôСģûиεİ취һƧĵطҰһ¡
ͻȻ޲Ҳѧҽģܶҵɤʲôʵҵҩһֱţԯһȥҩʹȱһζҩ
ȻĵϣҲ̫ĿŵĵȥһζҩݵĴСҩԯһ͵͵ܱˣֻǶûζҩӰ
ҵɤȻڲܷ״̬
޲ؽӵһƷ֮ϸĵо飬ԯһ˵˻Ƿȱһζҩ֮޲ͷ˵ˣ̫ҩơǰһ󵽴ȴ
Ҳѧһ׷Ҳõõⷽǵ˶
ģҺԯһһۣôԭĻܲͷ찡ҸҲأ
ԯһڵС⣬ܸʵá
ܲͷܲͷҵ氡
޲ƺǵǣڵĪǲңѧԭҽ䲻˵ȫǵѧգҲ˵ѧıȻѾġ
ԯһмһҵһ£Ȼֽϻдԯӣϴѣܲͷε硣ʿҵɤȻˣԣҽա
ԯһϵı˺ܶ࣬ԾһĮ˵ԼɤԼ˵㡣
ҸҪԯһų۸мĹâʱֻɤֱĳһ䣺ѾĽˡ
̰һۣԯͬѧȤҲ߿ˡ
ƵĹУǶⱣܵģһĭӶû˵ֻ˵ܲͷͬĺѣͶѡ
ģұͬǰһ˼˿ˣߵ˸Ͻսͬǰͬˣʱ٣ֻ涷ĵһԺһƷȱı֡
ұǴ򱣻ʡνʣʵԴɽൺҪķ˿ˣһΪ档ַΪɣһһˡõбǵĴ˱ǻʵۣõбǵС˱Ǳɡ˱Ǹ
ʵĴͬһͬԵҲԳһģӦҪǹԷƣҪͬѾƾͿˡͬͬǣų34567ƣҲûмŴŵ˵
СʹԵãǵԷгСʱҪŴƣģܴ
Ǳ˼ıǣɲṫԼݣҶֻ֪ʵ˭ȴ֪ʵ۵Ĺ˭ڻ²⣬ڮУҪЭʵȡʤȴҪػʵͬɵĳơ
淨õһƷڶķϲҶرϲŵɣһԼݼԼǷƭ۾ǴʮϣһƷȺ¡¡ķ̻𣬹ҲȥˣΧ˺üҶ汣ʡ
ͬĭӡһ㡢ԯһܲͷһš˵һ㣬ʵǸƽﶼæһƷ⣬ȫһƶȴʮֺãСĺóɼʵ۲ĺܡ
ĭӴķǳһʼǶĹһֽĭӵѾһˡֻӢӣҿʼڣ֪Ͷأһֱһ·Ǵ񲻸иɾ
ЩĴ޲ǻʵۣǱɡ޲Ӣ޹ʱܹߵѧĽ˿ЩһֱѾĺ˳ˡĲرãʤжľ飬е£˵Ѿ˱ֽǽˡ
ÿӮˣұһСڲǮġʱ޲ܻʿĶ˵磬ֻʿģɺã
ǿҵҡͷˣΪʿôĵķŹ޲ذ޲أػ֪
ͻȻһתͷ޲ص۾ֱĶһ񣬶һȴһֱĭӣǶô׼һҰ̾š
޲ϲһ㣿ġ˵ϲйŮˣǱϲһķŮӡЩ޲һǱܣûʲôҲϲһЩСʳС֮ģ˿ʲôҲˣĵİŮôԵССѶҰ⣬ȹ꣬ҪһĻ
ţҺ޲ֵַһ飬ŬɱǽڼﴮǸ˵޲ؼĸ˸ӵ
ͷţȴһ˿õϣһƷְСΪӷζҹ·һͬ꣬ˣ

ʮ ³ʼΪ

̧ͷȥ˫аȵ۾ȴһƬ졣Ҹ˵Ŀãµһ꼴ȥ֮ʣһȹٸ˲
߽Һ޲أĶˣ˵HIȴͻȻ뵽Լڲԣڨڨķ׼к֡
ͻȻȴƹңֱĭӣĭ̧΢΢һҾСүһ·ˡ
ַЦ⣺ĭҲˣЩСչ˿ˣˡ
һҲǰ񣬽εЦ˵СүˣҼҹ鹫ֵƣУֺ֮˵СӱˣʵһƷٿ֣үĪҪ
ЦԽˣղһ㻹ôݡ滹δƼ֮ʱҲ˵
˵գ˸ʾҵȥҹɵ˹ȥ͵ȱ׽һ㣬ʵʵߵǰ
ҵ΢ЩȻһ˵ֻԺΪֹϣ滹ͬһЩѧϰҪû״ͬ˹ģš
仰ҺòΣߺһĭ֪⻰רŶܲͷ˵ģҲЩ֪˵ʲô
ҲǴɣһֱһԾŵܲͷȴͻȻĵǰִеԭ˵ôôأԭо仰˵úã˿װһ磬ҵǲһûϳֻǿĴ׾ô󣬲뵽ͬһӣ
ұ˵İԵģȴܲͷһϯЦˡܲͷˣͨ׸˵ô׾ŨҲʵЩ졣
ܲͷʼûϳԭģԭǡ˿װǡ˿װױ֮ʱݣ˭Ҳ벻ߵ¾ȻôһӢ
һѹ㽫ҪȥԺǲ˼ȻΧȴԴӶұҲֻúƤȥԼСᡣҲҶģٳſٻͷǵʱȴԯһһԹҡ
ЩңŵҲ
˦˦ͷЩԺ󣬲ԯһʲô˿ֻ̣Ҫͬһ㹻ˡκκ¾պȥɣһΡ
ҵԺԭ׼һϯϸĿ˿ʲô䱦ЩʽȥͬһʱԵЩȣ
һůһЩСĵطҸжѡ
Һ£һƷЩСˣͬ˵սЩܵ顣
ĵͷ¹ӳϣ΢΢Щ졣
ʼϲ˵δĲ¹Գǳأʿ䣬ðŵ˵ĿɱΧ˵Щʱ۾ƺһŻ𣬽붷־ȫһµӦе̬
ͬ˼ңҶߵ棬͸㡣
̧ͷ
֣Ĵ˸ָ죬ֻһ죬ͻȻһƬ̻ǻʺȽȽգһƷ̻ɵߴȻɢγһƯĺ״ţһ죬һ̻γһɫĺֻ໥У໥ˣܰʮ㡣
ͻȻȴ˾ǳг֣ǲϵ쳹飺װģɣСǰ̵õ塭
͵˦˦ͷⶼʲôʲôǰֻͬǾΪһ̸ͬļ֤ǴĽĺϿʼԱ˴˻øУһֻֻĺҺ֮Ե֡
ңҲһֱղ͸ҵĺҲһͬԼţ⣬ҲΪɡ
ң棬ϲ𣿡
ĸžƺһɻ𣬲ϵӿϺʹȫƴĴɤ˺һϲ
͵һƺǲҿ˵ҵҡ˵棬˵һ飡
ٴķҡ˵ҡܡϲ
ȻÿηĥҵĺʹСҲΪ̫ЩǶ˵һǺοġ
˵§ס˵ǴҲҶ¼ӦеĽɽҵܹ˵绹ʲôģ
ҲЩģϾ⼸ưͣұЩ
棬˵ʵЩ¼ҵĽɽɤҲԸġ
ҼûĻУ̰ڵůůζҲԾĿʼ㡣һֺܸĸо·Ȫһ㾻˵ķΡ
ϦҹһƬȻȹ
µһĳһʷǸҪʱ̣ΪһոµĿˡǰ꯵ĺ˸Էٳɹָ꯵ͳΣĳΪ磬ϺΪ̫ӣԷΪ̫󣬶ͬʱϳ
ɢֵӢҲ˲ͬƳʸ˵Ӣ£֪ΪȴĹͶ˸Է£ʹΧ˺ܶࡣˣΧԭĶͶϲ
Ǵ󲿷ֵӢȴȻս׿Խ׵Т󽫾СӢסĹؿѹҲóóȻ
פϲĴϣҲͬԪţĹΪϰԭ޼ү޼¹ҵCEOͷԺιհмӣԺܸߡϷط֣һֱ
Ϊֱ㶦ʱһֱ۾ᱱͻһȴ쳣ͻʵĻʵǰţ̫ӽŵǻΪʿ磬һֱԭսͻʣȴĴ£Ҳһ
Ļ£µһҲʽʼˡ

ʮ 

ӦûҵӣȴҪһ˼ŷɢصˡ
ӦûүŶӦǵʵ۵ѳŸصҪ
ӦڼͬɷһҿĵĳԲɣǰ;δңɨɨˡ
粻˵ˣӦͬȺԲɣͬһֻһҲδһְοֻûüԸߴ磬㲻ͣϧ
ڶ磬֪ͻϰϰΣֻ˵ͻͼԭ籾Ǻˣ֪᲻ܵʲôӡ
磬΢΢Щᣬ뵽ҵĺã뵽飬ȴ֪ȥȥ˼ҲͬʼûԵֵİɡ
֪ϲֺͿˣһûǷͬǰһ룿Ѿĳأ
뵽Щұ㿪ʼͷƤ飬֪ҵϲֺͿֵģɳȥܶ̽ȥͻʣҪϲֺͿֵټȻȴûҵκ֪ǲɳȥ˶̫ˣǾȻϢû̽ʵҶǵİʾɡ
һ磬ңҲҵ޲ءӦ߳ŵʱֻ۾ǹһɨǰӡ
ǰЦ֣ͬȴֹţ磬ڴ̳ݴʲô˵Ĵ׶ԣ涪ˡ
˵£ǲͬҵġٶʹҹڼһӰһµĻȫйٴɤӡ
Գܲͷԯһ˶֪ѾȬһٽ£Ҳֻڵǰʱǿ˵ϼ䡣
ܲͷ߹㿪ĵͬҴкƣͬ£
һҵǰ棬˵ţʲôͬС˵ˡ
СԾӣǺġû뵽ܲͷҲƺС
㵽׽ʲôְһ˵ԼСһ˵Լ£㵽£ܲͷڳһõı顣
ɫ˲ʱӲ࣬ҿźЦĴ˼ıŻָ棬ǻ֮գΪһˣ㿪ģ
ҿɰĳգգۣ֪˭ֻһϤĺ档
ɵۣůĸоӿǰ˧Ӳ࣬ȻĨһӢΰ
ɳɤӺ仰뿪ȥ
ҾΥ˵Цݣ˼ʱģҰҶ籦ĵʱһûҵĵȻô࣡
΢΢ðİ׷ԼϵƣҲͻȻʶҵĵѾǲ֮ˡһȾɣһȸӡ
˫΢죬ڵĻСҵɤѷʲô죬ֻܿź֤һ˵Ż
ҵı˵Ҷһǿ˰
̧ͷʹҡҡȻ˵࣬Ůࡣ
Ҷʧ飬ѾСү˵ˣҶģΪΪָ
ҵɤüͷѾšһˣǰҵ˱ˮȹ֮ҸоɤЩ⣬˵֪Ѿ
ͷҲزס˻¶
ᵽ磬ֺ۾磬ǸʮһӣÿտЦݣ߶ѾϰԵӡٿ˰ЦݣѾԶܵˡ
ҵῪʼĲ˵
ǰֹסҪ˵ңǵĵ˵棬ĪҪ˵ˡɤӻûкãӲҪ˵ѾǺɤˣҪ˵
ңҲĵͷСү˵ĺܶԣĪҪٿˣΪ֪ģӲ˵ƺЩҧгݣΪҪΪֻظҵĺǰװĥ
Һͷ֪Ψһƭҵ˱ҵˡ
ܲͷҺҵò㶼˳ԺӣҺҵһĻɡ
ҽͬԣȻʵһҪһѰһ²ɽһĺɣ
ҡҡͷϱǽǳ֮ҶҪûʲô಻ġ˵࣬ҵŮҪĴҵĶܲʹĥ
ַ⣬ҵĵǵĺжΪֵ֮¼ոʧأսϺɨǧֻ뱣Լĺһʹһˡ
棬ҶҪȥΪֻߵôס
֪ĶʲôΣ
ҶΪҲׯʲô֪𣿡۹ͻȻ͸ڽϴôЩ꣬û뵽ԵһѾͷϣ
սȭͷҶҲ֪ɣѩѾͷ˼ܵĺܣԴ뿪ɽׯ˽ɽׯԱһĵҵţȫѩ̳ȥһ
ţһҵ忪ʼͣĲô˵
֪ϲںδ𣿡
ҡҡͷ֪ѩɽׯ￪ʼֽŵʱ򣬴սԽϾûжǵĴ
￪ʼҵѾͷˣѩ̺;Сĳѱһҵľء
ҵĵǣ˵ҶҲ̫ģϲΪ˴Բܵϰһ书ʲôġ
ֻܵͷϣǿԷ׻
Ҷ֪ôߵģ
˵Ǵᵽ̴ζԱ㶾ġ
Ȼһƫӻ㣬λմȾһ̴ζأ
ҡҡͷĴҲ֪
Ĵɩҵĺöϱӻȡ̴ٵģ
ҵǧһУ۵˺һѩ̲ϣҲ²ʼΪԼС֮ģʼһô˾Ȼô

ʮһ ӳŨ

ͻȻһ㣬ů¯ƺûһ˿ů⡣ͻȻӿ˶ӣﷺһɱҶԵ˵Ŵ֮ǰԡ
ŶǺԣҶٽ
˵ΣҪѩһ
ͻȻһǲһ㣬ץҵʵ˭ͬ˵ģ
Ƕ顣һش
Դǰѩ̣˵Ļţ
˽ģѩ̣ĵز⿴㾡һȥȴ磬ֽŮ˳֪ڲǵġ
˼ܾú󣬵˵ͷҲǡң⻰Ҳ˵ģǡĻ˵һ룬ȻֹʣµĻö֪
֪ѩ̵ΪҪ磿ںˣҼµ𣿡
ҡҡͷЩδ֪ɳȥ̽ҵΪ誶ŮҲһֱûйĻ˭֪ǳֻ£
ͻȻֶ֮ǰᵽѩ̵Ŀͯ꣬Ǳ˵е誶ùÿǸŮ張֮ˣ
Ŀңʵγԣ誶ױʶһˣΪ˵ȫɲ͸˼ʲôˣΪǺ׵ģ
誶ΪԭӲԼҵˣԴκ˶ѺΪͬ죬ҲΪһƢ
Ůһ˵룬ѶĻһ飬ȻֿڵŮ˵ѩ̴СĺܲңĸŮΪﴫڽӴ
ĸҲϡǵģĸսɳĸΪ˱ҵȥһкӴ˱ǲŲˡ
Ȼȴһܺãѩ缺˵λȴĸ׻Ű
ɫʼ˻棿
ҵͷޱĻشǧȷ
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Ҳվʹ˵ѾʮˣǲܽеܸŮĺЩǳ֮£Ϊֵա
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΢΢һȴĽ˵Ļμĵס
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Ϊһ˵Եʣԯһ˳սֻ֣һߵϣ˭Ҳ
ƺҲ˵ùȥΪһ˧磬Ӧø߰һȾǺЩһ֣ôͻڲͬأ
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ܲͷȴƲ˵ƾʲô˵ң
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һ㽿εģЩͣһͷȴЩ᣺ģС㣬˵㲻ǣư𣿡
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һĭһŶһĭӳһʹ˸ɫһ㲻ٶ
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ҵ΢΢һ죬һ˵ȥˣ
ĪҪװʲôߣƽͬСүüȥ§§ģһЦ

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ұһЦУ׼һֻ˵ңһĭӻǾﲨ
УһͻȻеĪҪ˵ֻͬб֮꣬Сͬ˵˵ҲͰˣĪҪùȥ档
һһߵı飬ҼһĭӺãǿһƷ˶ģ㵱ĭӻ᲻֪ô
ıƺͻȻ̾˿˵֪ȴһһǱѹˡ
ƺЩӲҺǺһЦ⣬Ǳ㳶һĪҪԷƱ㲻ǻиܲͷ𣡡
һĵһۣڵЩǸСưˣ
һһЦĪ˵һȥˣ
ĪҪ֣ܲͷ⼮֮ˣҵɻ䣡
벻һ̻֮ѬգҲ⣡һ˵⼮ʿˣҶˣǴ˺ԭ˻һأ֮ȴ壡ҲԭѪͳһĪѪͳ
һ㿪ڵôᣡһˣһϲ棬СһƷκιﶼǱȲģȿ۾ɫģǲˣȻ
ˣܲͷ⼮Ҳûʲô谭˲ǣЦ˵
ѽѾͷ⵵ˣ
һ㿴˵ܲͷܲͷ͵
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ô㰡Ǻǡһ欵һЦҸ˵ǿЦܲͷпԵйһġ
һһƷԼҲһ飬ЦʣСˬڣӢ޽ʲô
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ѨҶãֻߡ
ҾȻ˧ıӰεеѣΣϽۣŷϷô꣬ҾȻҲЩָߵġ

ʮ ԯ

ұԯһץŲ֪˶ãиصĻᡣΪҪҵأֻһƧҰأûʲôرȴҲǸƣǸľĵط
һ⿪ҵѨұ㷴һơû뵽ûȴ׵Ľסҵ֣ǻ¶һ˿Ц
ӵ𣿻Ϊʲô¼СүģҲǿһƤҶѡ
ұͱһӵĻ޴йôһ˵Ƣô£
㵹ƢΪǵľԼôôСү֪ȥ
ӣȻҲҪΰˣҶ˵
ΣǱɽҲбڻĿܡĵ
һû뵽ԯһﾹȻҲ˵Ļ⻹ǲµһɱֵĳƺŰְڣԼó𣬲˵ҪסԼƢ𣿸氡棬㻹ûá
Բ𣬡ɬɬĿڵҽʵںܲãҲǹ˵ЩֵĻġ
ԯһֳһ£ͬƽϵĻǿɲ֪Ҫˣ
ԯһǣѰɣҲ֪ΪλͻȻðôһ仰
ҵ࣬ȴڵɱûѵġ
Ѿ㵱ˡЩչˣΪҲܴѩӳ
ЩҾֻΪСү֮жѡ
վǾҵģԵлҲӦá
˿ңû˵ôվһᣬͻȻҾﾲܶࡣ
ֿڵ㾭𣿡
ͷһ
û뵽ɱҲұٵһ棬͵һ仰ҵԺɱֲ̫䣡
ңֿڵָˣ
ûлشԯһаʲô𣿡
ôʣЩ죬ҼΪظһᣬתͷȥãֿڵС
һˣ
ǸҪǿˣϲʤκˣϲԼϲ΢ЦȴĸһЦݣƢ嶯ױ㶯ŭȴΪԼϲѹԼԸ񡣡
ЩõԤУҿˣҿʶ
ͷʶ
ӵĿ˵ԯһģ֪ġҺ㣬ֻѡ
һͻȻתһ䣺˭˵ϲˣ
ҲڵЩ͵ʣǡǡ˭
شңֻ˵ʶ㣬˱ˡ
ҲǺ˰
ֻǵһЦȴлֻǲˣǺܲ
⡣Ѿҵθڣȴֲ϶˵ԼҲЦȻΪԯһϲңǺǣҲԣĮ˧ôϲɵͷɵԵĹ
ֻͻȻ뵽ÿοҺһʱİԹ㲻һ,
ֻпԼϲ˲ŻеĳԹϲңϲǡ
СĿڵǲʲôɣ㲻ͬϲһ𣿡
¶һЦݣЩȣֺ֪˹Ĩǣɲе簡
ҰЩԾû뵽ԯһҲֱ֮ˡ
㣬Ϊλϲ
仰ʵúûɣϲʲôɣ
ɣǸŮӰ
Ůкηû뵽˿ӣȴҲͬһԱ𡣡
˵ЩɵۣͻȻһ˺ϲͬһˣһǲܽܵġ˻˿㣬ΪŮӵҶĽѡ
οȻԿĶʮһͣνBLҲֻͣС˵ϣСĻ˵һμģЩ˵ĸо
ЩĿ࣬ԯһЩЦæ͵ңûгЦ˼ʵͦģû
һ˿Ц⣺ý͡Һθɣϲ㲻˵ĸܡʲôˣ費ҪңҶȻʡ
Ҷԯһһ壬ƽǣһҲܰɣԲʵڲ֪
Ǻܲܣ֪Ҫ㡣ֻҪܹģʹĵ˲кη
һֻΪԯһĮȻȴû뵽˳տ
ȷȻͬϲֻһˡҾŮ˹
ġ
֮ң
ЦЦ̾һԸ˰աѾˣû뵽ȴԺ˵಻ͬ˵ĻЦ
ʲôУҿûСүôӦЩĵ뷨СүҪΪ̫ӣ¡ʹսæµԾǳʱ㣬λҪ
û˵Ҳǣ˵ŮֻĿ˶ѡˣҪæӦԷĹֲڼҺ˵ݣΪλҪֱŤء
һƲ죬ԯһ˵ǻȥɡ°ˣǿǷһ飬ձҪң
ģ۾˵㲻˵Ժĺá
ˣԾҵѣҵݶ飬Ϊϲ˭ı
ġ
Ҿ仰˵̫飬ּһ䣺ʶôˣ㶼˵㾹Ȼϲ磬Ҳ̫˰ɣǷˣҿǻֻŶ
ĵˣȥɡֻǣ䲻ɲȴҲЦݡ
صһƷʱɫȻȫڣһԺңǰ˵ҵС̣ǻˣСү˺óʱأûã׷׷أ
Ұڰ֣ĪҪ׷ˣɫ
һɻĿ˿ңֿ˿ԯһͬȥˣĻô
ҵ˵ֻƣͬȥ
ѾСү˵ĵˣ˵ǸֻĿ˶ѡСү˵Ҳ֣ԴŭЦ˵øƵģӲҪ˵ȥҪúǸŵ֪˭ӣ
ûпһƷСүǽһడĹһأԾԺţȫƵӲҪֻǸղ˵ĹмŴҴȥĩˣһֱҸ
Ҽ׽סһֵһ˷ģмѡ
ҵ˵ɵӣһƷұ㵱Լ˿Сºҳݣ
оůůģҸǺεºܲŻҽύһ㡢ԯһĺѵģ

ʮ ˮ

֮սӣҲûлҡ
֪æյʱҲͨţż㵽һЩʵ⣬Ҳһʱ˵ŵˣҲò˵Ĺŵ˲ǱˣҺһᵽôţ֪ĿеĵλҪڵ֪󣬻ĳӡ
ŵ˽ţܵ͵֣ȴţһִʵڡʼһʩױݣûϳұȥ͸ˡһС磬һˣȻɫֽһơ
֪Σȴϼָߡ˵ʵˣ̷һã͵ҪΣŻﲻܡǵ֮ģѾ֮ضһеߡҶţǵ΢ЦϣԼΣֻԽǳЦԽǾȣÿ˶Ҳ˳֮⣬ڴǲ֮һ
ͬʱ͵ƺһƿ޷һˣΪ˽ʾ֭͵ԯһǷһ飬Ǳֻ
û죬͵ָݳ˽ֵıġһһνһһָһ㳪裬ԯһϳǮһ㳪裬Ǳһι˿µһ˧ɱԯһĺջᡣȻգڹŴֻʦȴʹŮ˿ͺԯ˧Ӵһӣ˳ӿݳڼеĸǧ𣬶ѵûᡣ
ԯӵȻǺܲԼչƷǰҰֻٰӲͷƤӦǷҵ顣
ǣҾİŵġһһ£͵һµĸ߷塣
еʱȴͻȻÿֻʮŻĻúܶ໹ûüһԯ˧ɵĿ˵п
ҪθھҪã̫׵õ㲻ϧΪԯ˧ֵֵصˡֻ׼ûʮԯͬѧС¶һ
ĸԯһ̳⣬Ǳյÿʮġһһϣ¸µܷƣ
һһݳﳪ죬Ϊǲ෹ر̸ʡԯͬѧˮǴߣ˵صĹﶼ׷ӿݣҪһԯӵĿ
ǸָЦ鶼ᷢһƷʱЩܵϲ·֮ĸֻƵĽ뵽ԯ˧Էۡ
ΪЩֵʱһȴͻȻصܵң棬ֳ
еģһΪʣ
ǰ˸ӣһ;óĺ߶ĪĸˣϽ˵˵
磿ĪѰˣʣ̫ӣϵաɽ𢣬ݵľ棬һ˵ĵϣʵЩ³ç
ЩЩæų嵽ǰֻһıӰңͷ߸ߵһԺһӸǵСһͻ紫˵еڲֻͬǲ֪˵һǺεȻɫأ
õġ
΢΢תǰƤʯҫۡɵۣվһǰ˶ҳļһģһ˫ɫͫݷӲ̳һ㡣ƺҲͬһ뷨˫鶯Ĵ۾ͣĶңЩš
ˣѾȻˡǱǰһЦ˵ع񣬴ݹͣʵǱ֮
Ǹһ˿Ц⣺ͨҶ˳μ棬Ϊ֪Ůҵֶó
عɼǵԶǵĹˣҲЦ˵
ԭƷңѾͷ졣Ц⽥ЩȻ
ĪҪңãҲֻǾҶ˵ò̫ơ
˵̫ơĸʱȻһʱʧɫ˲佩סˣҲȴҲֻ˵Զ絽ϷȥϢ滹ͬһЩء
ɫ΢΢ЩֻͣǵͷҲ໰ָ˸С¥һһץסңʣǸŮģҸˣҲ̫ˣĪݰ?
Цţ˵һ֪һɣʲôԾʣûŶ
Цҵļ˵û
һһͬصΪعϷΪ۵ĳַ֭ԸܲͷЩգڼعǴ˵ġǰͬ˵ЩʼһţһͬԼȴϲҵһˡ
ŵҧһգϸϸƷζһ£Ȼ˵壬ҳԹϵȵĻҪóԡ˵꣬ǳǳһڳ֭ȻЦȻʣ˼ܰ
ҰڰЦˣСѡ
һң˵СܲͷˣҲ
һţС˵ûأͿʼͷˣ˵ϲأ
Ҳݺݵһţ۵졣
ȻҶعȴͬҴʱı෴ŵƷĸ㣬ȻЦЦ
һſҵĶ˵Ȼ񣬿ȴ׷ֱ档
ηֱ棿Щϲһ㾹ԷͬصĲͬǶҹİ
һͺŮʵıعһûûصľͿ϶㣡
ҵ״Ҫǰعӣҽһ֪ͬߵغж׵һƴһġ
ֻһԹսعȴͻȻ۹һתֻ۾¶˵飬ֻ´˵ҪΪѰµʳͬ˵ĸұضԣȻûƭң
ӺȻը´磬ʱклųͬһһۣһҲҴϿɵ뷨أ͸㱻£ԺͬϷĹͣ

ʮ 棨һ

һЦɣֻЩӲʵͬСү
صӳõЦݣֹƺǴһҫ˵꣬ҵǿνǴСʶˡ
ﰵ˵ʶ磬˭ȵĹʶ磿
һҲʾ˵СүͬҲǾʶֻǴûﰡ
صһܿ죬¶ǰ˵Цݣֻȴ͸¶ޱȵĺ䣺ͬ´Ĺϵܣ֪
Һһı鶼һһüͷһˣ֪ҵɫ϶Ҳÿȥ
һıƺѯң˲֪ܸ˵ɣ
ҲһãȻıظգ˭Դ׸ߵģ
ȷϵ˵ͷЩգΪռкҪĵλȴ鶼ûиҡ
Ʒңһμ棬˵ʶһͬҳʮˣȴûͬعĴڣңǺѽܵġǻˡܡ
ֽЦЦ˵˵´ĻͻȻȤĵأԭǿλõòͬмư
ЩˬʲôΪҳͬưѵҸĿоͽֻһƷѣ
㷢ĺҲȫûˣҾһֻҵļ򣬺˵ЩʲôҲûȥֻǾҳһš
ڵȴҽͣȴٳٲټս漱һĭӸңѾشˡҵֿʼİȫʵ̫Ѱˡ
ӣһһĸдţÿձһһ⡣
ҸǳƪۣȻȥصĲȴ߶߶˵һѡ
磬㻹ѾǳˣǾսϵΣˣ
Һ߶ɣôʱ䲻㣬кܶ໰Ҫ˵֪ĺòãԵĺòãûˣûΪüչûСҡ
磬ݳһжܺáÿϣͬһȥ͵⣬һ档ˣҪ˵Ŷ͵ĺãڳϿһֵꡣ
һĭӽһƷǴæտֵꡣܲͷ˼ѧͽæõĺءôãһҲûкܲͷκνչҿҲʵż
磬ΣתȣҪǵöˮȻѵġ
һǺϲĭӣĭӲ֪ΪǶһĮȻǣҿóĭӶһʮֹĵġ˵һǰһɤʹĭӾȥɽϲʮֲͬҩݻɤӡ
ĭҲ֣ȥָƫƫ˺ˣҲ˳ˮֻۡǾǹ˶ޣҲ̫˰ɡ
磬ĭ˵ӢТԸ㣬ĺϢƽмҪͰһڴһֱġǵãҪչ˺Լ
磬֪㶼ˣûǣҰ͵ģԯһÿ¶ҸǸһһĻҲÿ˧İæǵڽڸ
ֻÿμµģʲôҲ˵ҪǵİæϾǷһ黹ûġ
磬˵ǰݣǿϲɺذΪһ¶ûлظҵţҵȵĺļİΣǴݣұ㰲ࡣ
ﴫ˺ܶҥԣ˵ү⽫Ů㡣ΪТ죬ԭڹʱİŮϲʹɣºó
Ǻǣֻ˵˵ѣԣ
ԪİµףͬڴЭ飬ַ磬̸ƽԭ򡣱жûҵˣһڵģǷܿļҶҸ档
ûձ㴫̸΢ݵԭʵοѡ˵ҵпġұ㡣
ģϲһˣϲ˳տľ磬㲻ںһˡҲںݣ֮µСүĬĬŵӣҲںĳ࣬ӢΣòҲںļỹĶ졣
ҲںߣںĲǣںĮҲںƷΣΪֻҪһ뵽ҵůܹڻһСǳճյϲֻһ㲻ܽܣǾǣҲ˹
ں֮ǰͬʲôһҲںص׷չʲô̶ȣںǲνĵߣֻںһ㣬ǱǣӽԺֻһ˵ġҾΪίȫ
³ʱյĻˣźܼ򵥣棬Ὣֻм֣ȴҲʹҵĳȡ
ʤ̣Ҫӭˣҵӣ˵˵ľӣ̤ʤĲҪصˣϲţԼҸ
Ȼǻᷢǳûϵ磬ͻȻ͵ĺԺǾȡոճ˰̣ӦϿ쳷˲ǣ̫ȴҵ˿˻ˡ
ãòЦ˲á粻㳲˵
磬Ļ
ߣҾͲҵʶҵĺãűԼĹңĸʲôƽԭԽϢˣ
΢ŭĿһǰʼҵĹңʼգĹҰȥԼˣԼȫûʶ
ֻ¼Сүˣÿϲ̫λӣ˵Ļ

ʮ 棨

ҾȵĿ䣬ѾٷӢжǷϺɫѾǾ͸
ӦʲôЩͷԡ
øӰǣȴˣĻֱս
ʵЩ̲סˣû˵磬Ͳܺú˵𣿡
ͻȻо˾ЩʶɸǰΪصͬԴףҺҲôġ
ԭڳԴװͻȻʶ㣬ֻƤЦ˵ղడôҲͬ˵һιһҵ͡
õԽԽˣֻҲ̫˰ɣΪ˱̫ܰɣ
㶵ĿоʮİƺʶǸ硣ҵȻĮȴ˼ͬ˵ҵȻźܷĴ̣ȴҰ֡ʹðģ
ֻĳĬȻ˵ûʲ̫ˡ
һЦߣþ˼Ҳˡ
ҵƤͻ£ֻЦִѵû˵ͬӢֶԿ𣿡
ҵȻһ磬ѵҪͬТŮ޽Ϊ˱˴˵ҪȨϷʽТΪӢȻԼŮίԣҴС㶨δ̫ѡ
ҵȻʧҲԸԵĽͻȻʵԼĳҲһӽ˸ֵ
ҵһЦعڿҲڹ뷿ԹưɡֻǰԵʱ˿ȴͬˡ
߽ңȻʵô𣿡
̧ͷһȪѾģˣһɹĵʼӿ
缤ץҵļеȻΪޣʲô˰ֵ𣿡
Ժǣʲôأû֣ûԼֻпյڶ߻졣
ǣҵġļǺţ
ٻӰ컣¡
棬㿴ʦĹȵΣԸԺڴ˹ꣿ
СүұҲǺķģǿôңȱĸñ谮㣬ԺӾбҸ
һһշһȥӦšµĻᶼûУΪˡ
ҵͷȥȥǼģֲִ˶һֽ֤ԼĻʵֻѶԷε˩ߣֹԷĶѡǣѾԼˣǿտյһֽʲôã
ͻȻҲ۵ӲֻǰһڣұĻ˹ȥʧȥʶ֮ǰԼһҾ˵ֻ̫һ˵̫
һָʶʱһټķСϸĿ˿Χİ裬һЩ¡صĹŶѹȴٲϡ
Ҽѵ˴ô£Ϊȫûһ㣿Ҹ߱ǰһŮСˣΪβϢһ᣿
ʵ
С㣬˴˽ɽׯ̫ӱóǵйСŮɴĻش
Ҹʵĸ̫ӣȻ뵽óǲĵʼգһǱˡ
С㣬ﲻ𣿡СѾͷֿʵΪνüͷأ
̧ͷϸ۲Сﳤõǹɿˣü͸©һҡҡͷûвʡʲôְ
ū澽£ū澵̫ӱ͡ɵĻشš
£ҵһΣɵߣΪңΪҷ̻ұףࡣ
ĵ׷ʪ૵££Ǹ֡
أһ˵ҹͬӵµ龰ı㿪ʼĽʹһסĿڣʣ£˵СүҪ֮£
С˻򲻿̫ʮĶ˵ƽ̫ɻ̸λ̫ӡ˴̫Ƕǲ˵Ľԣ̫ӵӲҪһ˭ãȴ¼ҵСү̫һǹ
ﰵһԭĳɼѾ֮Ȼϧս
ҲСүˣ뵽Уǽҵ̫ӵѾ̤ƽˣ
£֪СүͬСҪ𣿡вʵʡ
ѽСүѸµأС㣬ܿҪΪ̫ˣ
һƬ̫̫૵߶ʱҶôϡ貵Ĺ⻷ȴĽ뼵ʵȥС㡣
ΪĽ̫ţ԰οСĪҪĽҿ̫ӶСģСӵáСȻ̫ܳԣΪΪɣǺпܵģ
£Ȼ磬ֵĹ£ѾʶԼʧԣҼСȶڷѾԼղ˵̫˰ɡ
£˵ˣλﲻΪɡƮµɫѾЩࡣ
ֻٴοڣȴƺЦ⣺ֻҵ̫ĵһλʺ󣡡
µı鿪ʼһ̧˵£ȥɡ
仰ظĸϽ˳˷䡣յķƺ
뿪̧ͷ˵һֱĻ
Ҳ̫ġ
ǰһץסҵļΪΣҪˣΪλִԲǰϲ磬ҵ㣻ϲ磬ɻ㡣ΪξͲܿһֱأΪǰҵһƬĸˮأҾͲţѾͷĵӾȻʶ

ڰʮ 棨

ҵͷʼЩ۾ƺҲʼЩʪǲôҶϣܼ磬׿ڸңҪˣҪˡ
ƿ磬ֻǵ˵磬ȥɣҺۣϢ
ĮȻķſ֣ĵ㲻ҪΪҲ֪ʲôǲģȰ㻹İɡ
磬㾿ΪҪң׷ʲô˶ҡ
沿Щ鴤ǿշƽΪΣ㾹Ϊλ棬ָ췢㲻ҵ
ΪǲȥҵģΪҪӱܣΣҲˣҪѸȫµˣ㽫ҵ̫µСӣнٴζߣ
˵꣬ŭ˦ˣڿյķһ˷ҿʼţͬСˣҸôأ
ԭȵңҲ׳־ԣ˵ʲôʲô̫ģȴʱ˳ΨһԭңҲ˵ʲôңұҲͷˣֻǣʱǵʱڡڵңƺѾЩݵ̫
氡棬ΪˣȴʼӲءǰΪˣѵҪ˵
µ׵ʱѾȵһ㡣ﷳ꣬µ԰䡣Ǹĺӣ֪ҲȻ⣬ȴҲ˵ơ
СԽˣ̫ӵ¿ǻ۵İ°𳤷˵С⼸ǲ̫Էﲻ
ҿɬЦЦûвֻǿĶѡ
ȥСĶɣСϲȵˮ
һգۣȻЦмҸ㷿ܳͣ£ձȥܲͷ֭סǡܲͷ֭ǡ֭ܲ
ãĿ˵ʲôͬأ
ҳ¶һ΢ЦȻв֮ͬġȥ²Ҫ̫Ŷһ嶯ҵ궼
СⲻҲ֪̫ӶΪȴǶ̫Ӳ䲻ȵģ̫ӵİš
Щ£㲻ֵͷʹ̫ٺãվҪˡĬĬ˵ţҲһҲ⣬ֻҵȴװ
˵ûǰҵд磬ҵĺá״ֻ֮ʱ˽ļȡҵů
Ȼ밮ʱȴɺĴڣĸܡҺһʱҲҸû뵽ڼ尾С
ǣʲô취أ˭ҵģΪͣأԲҲֻĵ׶˵
Ҷô°ǺԹ޵ģȴֱγͷԡ
û죬ݵ˱ػ˵ǡܲͷ֭ǵȼ죬͵ϡ
һ󼤶ӣһĭѾ֪ҵĴˣһ취ϵġ
ǣŹ˼죬ҲûǰһĽ뺣סѮʱÿȥ԰䣬Ծͨ龳
£⼸գɣҹ١
С㣬ĿܰТɲǵ֮˵һֱ¼һʵּСүΪ̫ӣŮΪ̫ء
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Сүиİ֮ˣ÷ġѾò˵ǿǸΪСүȴҪΪ̫ΪŪүӺ
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ôܰТǺεȵͳӢԼǧԸֻң
Ҹոոϲֱһɨգֻµֽ
ϧŮĽд˵Ůĵף˵Ĺţ᲻أ
ʣΪ¼ҵСүսսɱ粻ٽʿأҲɳƵǽˡ
ܣСȻǲͬ찡ѹ˰ϧŮȮӣΪ˰ɶͷ­ѪˣˣôԼŮûûֵҰѾͷأ
οǶ֪ɿ̫λȥأ
ҪһǣҺ綼֪ǲν̫ġ
ţǰȴΧǰû뵽ȴһˡ
С㣬ոй͵̫Сʱرܣ𲻱Ҫ鷳
ҳʣǺεȵĹ˰
ǫĻصС㣬ūҲ֪ǺˡūֻǷҪţȷ̫ӵºСİΣ
Ҽʲʲôڰ£ɻ֣ѵǸԷ
ͬһߣ˳ʵ£˴̷ôãɼ̫󣿡
µͷֻΣǸԶȴ̫ĸµķ緶Ȼ峤࣬һһȴر߹̲ס볯
ţ̫ǰ꯵ĸԷĳ˵˱˽˵Ϯ˽ʧȥټӴˣǸԷȡƺţΪŮӡ
ͻȻ뵽ʲô£ɼ
ֵ˵ͷԭΪŮӵģòŮӶԻǰ
ЦЦԭô˵Ǽ˿
һЦȻСˣСͬĻЩ񣬵С˵ĸоرУͬ졣ģҲЦء
źŮ˵Ƣǳһ̣ͷľĹùҲǸյ¿ɲȥź
ĿУӾֻСһˣСҲĿУȫÿˣ
ҵһЦСѾͷ˵ĻҵҲŪúһͷһص԰ӣװĵĶ˵Ҳ֪ʲôˣΪ˵Ľ԰Ӷܹˡпȥ
ϲ˵ӷģóˣһС
ҳһЦ¿ĵĽеЦÿǻһ㣡

ڰʮһ ѩӳǣһ

һһĵȴѰңȴʼղӰʼЩ޷޲ƽ⾿ôһ£ΪʲôͻȻͶҲŲˣĲҪˣҲӦø˵һɣΪλͻȻʧȥأ
ҾԼͿԹˣƽΪԼƽұֿʼһһϰд֡
Ըһˣײ롣
¶һ,ʤȴ˼
ɴ׷䣬ֻǵʱȻ

ʼʱддţǷջʪһƬȴɹ۽ǵۣҲôƸˡ
ģҷԼܹƽܶࡣͺܶʵңҲ˵ϲҲֻܾͳͳӽҵҡ
һգͬɢȴҵǰϵֽ΢΢Щ
һ̧ͷ۾ĮĹâһײ롯õȻ¼Сүֻ֪¼СүѾĲҪˣ
΢΢һȻ¶һЦݶ˵ĵ˿ˣæ绹ȴóõ°ɡ
ͻȻվŭȭȭĳҳ˹Ϊб½ҷ𣡡һѽ뻳ڣıңƺҪĹͷƺЩæе磬侲һ㣡
ҵĻſҵ֣˵侲Ϊ飬ҪΪ̫֪˶ѹ㣬ȴʼյǸСү뿴ʲôģ
ԽļƺҲ⣬һͷŭް㡣Щ£ʮİֻܲϵ˵磬侲侲¡
ҵĻû˵꣬ȴ͵Ķס졣׺ݵ˿ҵ˫ҵͬҵͷһ
ұľٶһȻǰҲǣ֮һûܹͬͻȻϮʹҺ֡
ʹû뵽ȴ§§ĸˡɵҵĿǻ£ҵ˱ҵͷһЩϢ
ãڷſҵĴ⻬䵽ҵĲϣƺĿɡ
Ȼʹеſңſң
̧ͷһ˿ζſ棬֪һٷˣ
ұķٶʵЩŵǱе££
Ҵ½УĴһζҵ죬̰˱ţҪһ
ҵĺƿŽǰ龰ڵ£еŭٴȼ´еȥ
±ŵĲ֪Ǻãֻ籡ŭĺҹȥ𣿡
ŷӦƨ˳ȥĴָű૵棬ӦңԶ뿪ҡ
ҵһ˿˿飬ӿ۽ǡ˵Ҫ磬Ҫ
ˣͣסͷϮ뻳 §ţܸоŴȶȣԼҵ
棬ӦңԶߣԶҡ
ֻƣĲѣһ̲һĻʲôҲ˵
ѵ㻹Ҷ𣿡ֿڵܵ˵ĻȥˡҵģԶֻһ˵ġ
һǲ˵ֻǸоԽԽء
ҲԽ棬ҵ̫ҴӦ㣬ֻһŮˣӡ
㣬ұӵȫ硣ҿΪУֻҵλá
ĵ׷һ˿жΣҵĸоֻǸжѡԺͬǺûɢҶҵ磬֮䵽ôҲ˶ϡ
룬Ҳܰ뷨ȫ˵ôҵȻټġҵ￪ʼͬ˵
硭
Ӵû뵽ʵڴ˽ݲؽأһϤĽҵ˼صʵ̧ͷȥֻЩࡣ
ı߻ǡǽεŵڣ˿߸٣ͷϲĲҡҲǽڣ߹ͬһֻ˵Ŀȸ
ҿϤףϳҴС飬ȴ޷ͬǸˮܽصѾͷᲢۡ
֣ȴڵһףһ˿崿ȻӸ߹ȴĥ˴ǰǴЦˡ
ʵܻб°Ӳóôöû˷ءЦЦƱǰˡ
Ȼ§ңȴǼޱȣʽݹ٣Ҳ֪ͨһñǰȥӭأ
¶ĵЦ˵ΪֻܵҪǻе˱ˣﻹʲô¡ʲôʽ㰡˵ĸ֪ˣأ
§ҵָˣƺҲһ΢Цʽ˵Цˣĸ󣬴Ϊ̫ԺǱһˡ棬ͬʽá
̧ͷһ磬۾ֱѩ̣ȥҡֿ˿ѩ̣ƴмЦݣֻګګĿڵѩ̣þò
ѩ̵ɫͻȻɷףƺ𾪺Ͳŵıʵ㡢㾹ܿ˵ˣ
һ㶣Ȼƶ飬ﲻЩȼ
ƶǺð´ιҪҸŵùأ
ӵҵĸ첲ͻȻһ˵˵ʽ㶾ˣ
ҳԾʱ뿪ĸ첲̫ӵ»֪ɣйĸưͣ¿Ҳ˵ʲôˡ
ɫʼףתͷȥѩ̣ʽ㣬ɵ棿
ѩ̵ıһ£ȴҲָЦĪҪװˣ㲻ҲҲ
µĶֻܶ壬ȴǽɣҪҿ˵

ڰʮ ѩӳǣ

һֻһ𣺡סڣ˵ȥݹҲܵ꣡
ѩȴЦ֪ġ
˵棬ҲˣϢɣͬʽȥǰ̸ЩҪ¡
ҵͷȫߵȥǵĸ˾װɣҪﷳˣ
ѩ̳ȥ֮һڴϺġһᣬȴͻȻŻŵĴ˽Ƴһ˵£˻ŵģ̫ӵ³ֵ˵ûˡ
ﻹղżȣҲܡ
С㰡ʲôʱˣͬҸæʹߡϽҸطȥ
ʲôˣҲʵ
˵ǰ˴̫̿ͣӵ˵¼ɳɱ֣Ҫɱδ̫ҲСܼɼҲǱŵˡ
￩һ£ɱңɳҪɱΪҪɱңѵ谭̫֮·￪ʼЩ˵ĿʱԣɽȪһɿڣȴҪʿҵģȫ
Ŀڿʼʹ־סڣҪ˹סСһɺֻû뵽󣬷ǹɺɣѪӿ˲ɤһ
¾סˣ뿪ǰסңС㣬С㣬ˣ
Ұڰ˵¡ǰⶾѪâңܶҵֻĸ顣ʹûи飬ҲҪذôЩĸѵǼٵѵ˵
簡磬ҶһƬģԿ
ʹҽûбɳɱɱһȴҵ鲻
һ紵ϨķұѾԼһƬˣڸʲôҲˡ
ͻȻоΧһɺŨɱҽҲʮּ١ܸоаѽҵķɿķұۣҪɱʹʹɱҰɡӽ֮Ҳİˡ
ͻȻоӱһקһߣֻû죺ССģ
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ֻһϤĺ棿
һ㶣ԣ̫಻Եĵطˣ
棿ٴ
ԯһұʵУǳڴе
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ҡҡͷʾߣ˵ҵߵŮҺܺãν
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ĸ첲ʾҪôȻԳ˵뿪Ǳڴ˵ģͬСףӴǰµıͲð˦ȴǸĵ˶ˣ
ں˵ʲôԯһеСү㲻ܣ㣬ǰΪβͬСүߣ
пʼ¶ɵɫǰգһֱйл簡˵͸ҵ䣬ȴûаѶںңɵұԼͬ˷ȥأ
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ͻȻ뵽ͬ԰µ龰ʱһ˵ȥǺأû뵽û뵽ҳ˼ĺ˰ʧۣ֮Ȼ޲ﰵջڣԼľû
ָоͺǣǰиϲнĲƱ㲻ѡȴѡһûнģоǰûڡ
ǵʱ̫ȴСүѶģټСүΣִ
￪ʼϵĽŰںޣͬһ㣬ҵ˼ȫصȵ硣
˺һᣬҲŷӦ˿ΪҪɱң
Ҳʼӿֻں޵ı飬˵ǼĵˣҪɱδ̫һΪ㲻죬ŻŰСүҪ㣡
ǺҪɱң
ء

ڰʮ  ԯ

ǳԾĴ۾ʵԩ޳ΪҪʹɱ֣
ҵֺݶҰ˵֪Сүֻ㣬ԲҪ㡣
ǣʲôðͬ˳׵ĿҵС㰡ҷ޷޲ƽĵѾˣҿɲ뵱ʲô֮ġ
źܱҵ˵㲻֪𣿡
ԾǺͿʵӦ֪ʲô
εҡҡͷЦԹǣ㾹Ȼ֪عģ
ʱȻһ룬ôû뵽أ֮ǰڻ¶ˮȵף˵ҵС磬ҲұƻϢȴûֱӽͬҵС㻭ϵȺš
룬ִŵˣмҲǰͬҲ÷ľû뵽ҵŮ
뵽ͬƷңҲʶģƷңĸ׺ôҲӢͷĿʶҲӦӢͷﰡ
氡棬ڼϻۣȻû뵽һ㣡
ԯһ֪λʶġΪֻͬسϹϵأ
Ұ۾гһ죬ԼĻУڵǺܾúܾ֮ǰˡõҼйôɬʱڡ
Գ ѾעҪڽƮˡҵĸףŮȻȴһִʱ򣬰ҪɱĿꡣ
ǣϧһУҵ뿪˷ҵĽͬҵһ⡣ǣʮ꣬һõȫˡҵĳٴɱҵȴҪɱҡ
ƴһ͵ԶǵﵱڴĲݴ˵Ҫġǣȴûгֹ֪ͬҵһҲˡ
ǻĽҰĲݵһ˴ҹ־ͺҽĻԹȥȻĳҹȴĸѡϡǵãǳ˶һ£·ӡվߵİ꣬ٷ߰¡
֮Ǳܿ뿪ҸոոоůҰһλû뵽ȴǰ·֣Ǿס
֪һѾһ룬û뵽ĮԯһȻѹҲû뵽ĽĺϣȻҲҲȻû뵽ʱȻע⵽ܱߵĲݴһСк󻹰˻ȥ簡磬滹Ƕ˽̫ˡ
ҿڼ˵ǶСүǼõġÿ춼Ը˸ɿڵķ˺ͺĸɾ·Ҹоڼһ㡣ӲҵĹȥÿֻվһԾĿҡ
֪ݣҪ֪˭ֱ練ơҼǵãܸиŵĶһ˵һûĺӡұǵ̸֪СүҲûĸ׵ġˣԭϧͬһССͱʧȥԼס
ݵûã㱻ǹСүͬүսʧȥ硣ͬСү̤ܿ;Ӷ˵Ƿǳ־ģСүȴû˵Ҫҡ
ÿεĲ¶˵һǵг̣Ǽᶨҡҡͷ˵һϵ˼ʱĽų̣ÿô˵Ǿúů
ӢΧصТүѣСүԼĲ¡ҸۡӴ󣬿ÿȴܼò̧Ż̵ĲϽ˵סһС㣬ϲ
СүյҵʱŮʱѾСүˡ븮ʱ̣Ҳò˵ΰŮζŮ߷ݡǣʱ뷨Ҫٳҵס
ǣСүȴԸġһ涼ϡ
ҵһμʱұסˡ棬֪ͬ㳤ĶҵʱΪںϳŮӱǰ˶
֪СүһֱһˡʱҲΪرǸˡֱֵĹȵףҲ֪ԭҶ뷨Ǵġ
Сүһص㾪ڵȴֻԭȲ֪СͬСһʱ䣬ȴǾҴߣǸˡ
ǻţʵͬعｻֻΪ档ҵҪ󲻸ߣҲӦʲôֻϣܹ߾ͺá
ЩִٲЦ氡ϾֻǸŮѣôЩĳӰ̫׺ͼ罫㱣Ĺʹ֪ͬСүȥйôԵ
ګګʵأ
ҳЦЦ˵ұҵ⹫ҲĸҵˡҴ˸ɱ˺ҵ֡ңҪ뱣ԼߵˣҾͱǿֻɱ֣Ųᱻɱ
ʱұר䡣⹫˵ѧţ츳ƽҪĹһԱǿϰٱƴһţҷģҪСүκ˺
ĹǺܿģӵһ书Ҳż͵ʱ򡣵ʱңر˼СүǳſյʱܳȥѰǾȴҪѪаȻһ˺ۣҷģҪ˺˶ǧУ
⹫֪ҾܳȥСүʮСүвҲ׼ж䡣ֻҲ͵͵ȥˡ
ԾɻСүϢ֪Χʱ̸ϵֻû뵽Լȴ㱻˺˸Ȼع
ҵһۿʱҼֱΪءǺ֪ԼжôķǳһΪصû뵽ز
Ǿµף̾һضûϵͬ죬ԲŹ˸ɣƭ˵Ҫɱδ̫磬Ҫûȥİ

ڰʮ ҹһ

ԯһ˵ĳƪۣҵӾһŽϵһҴû뵽ôิӵĹС
Ϊʲôֻ򵥵Լֻ뿪ĵϲһ˶ѡҵ磬ƺԯһ˵͸Ǳĵˮ¶ûԯһ
֪ΪΣҵϰµƮȻʼһ֪ҲоŨŨɱ
ԯһ˫ֽۣס˱һ̫ӱ֮𣿡
ģһ飬ӽзɳڿлľƵŴʱȫΧһƬɫĺ
ԶԶģҷֲ巽ȴԯһ棬ұ㱣֤˺㡣
ҵԺͻȻֳTVBľ˶սԯ˧Ŀ̣ɫ˿ŵı̬ҾǱ²ĵùʣһǹԴǰЩ˾ǳ¼׿˴PCٶٺŵľ죬Ǹŷ£߾Ƚǹ֧Ҫʱһ
ԯһǲҵʵģҲ˵ͬĹϵǶ˵Ǹ߰ԸôԸ⿿뻢أʱ򣬾ҪŮȥˡ
ԯһй㲻ǵĶ֣ҵ˵ɡ
ϣԯһɫƺŭ⣬·Ҷ˺ܴһµһɱ֯ͷɱ֣δοȶ˵Ĺ
Ҽޣظȡ֮ǰϹŹˣ
ҲżˡظźͳʲôϵأѾڲˣʱ̫ˣֻϣܹҵ϶顣
ҼûʲôӦֻֽеҳȥǽٳңǾຣǴ󹦵һο㶼ûˣҪЩʲô
üͷһ壬Щˣң˵˾䣺ίˣİõı˧§ڻﰵ⣬磬ñҪͬ˵BYEBYEˣĶЩùˣҲҼ̫ˣ
ԯһವһҷסҺܾõķ䣬ִֻܵԶԯһſ棬Ȼݹҷżˣ
ԯһһЦżÿıͬһżˣҲи汳ġ
ҶԯͬѧӦǳͣͷȻ˵Ю˰ȴߵıֳһٷӦе̬˹Ŀ࿴
ץҵһҵĸ첲˵Ҳһ°
ҵ°Ͷˣֻװܺµӣ޺磬ǧżһżҾͳɴˣԺҲ溰㡮硯ˣ
ҳϣҵ۹ǷǳõģСڴ˭ϣĳɡֻҪһź˵ЩĻʹҪϵҲŪֵġ
˿̣ѾǵƻͨϾŻѣǽյġƺʼԥˣ￪ʼЩʤˡ
ֻһߣҿɲһףԯһʶĻͷſеˣȻʹǶ⽴Ҳֻ׬⣡
ʽ㣬ɡͻȻ
ѩһֹ֣סĻϴʤЦ˵»ݲ˵أţϣֻҪ˱㲻׼뿪óǰ벽
Ҹոʤȯֳ˹ȵסѩ̰ѪҺôͬһô꣬ɲҵǽձٳֵ㣬Ҷ˵ģ
ģû𣿡ѩ̵ٴ𣬡ҿɲ̫ͬǰҿ˵ģԯһ㾡ԣĽ죬ǵļ죡
ԯһɫЩ࣬ҿ۽֪ÿһʲôʱǻ۽
Ȼɿץҵ֣˵ϣȴѸײڶٶȳǻѵġĽǰҹ£ֱָǱɫ·Ů
ѩ̵ĻѾʧɫƻʧȥѪɫɷףҵ۾λεĽˣҸϽ۾ֻǲһʱ䣬ȴѱһůĻӵס˱ǶҲ۱Ѿ֪˭ߡ
ֻһУŮһеۣȴһʺ졣ԯһվһԣʺѪ˳ŽһƬȻ
Ѫ޵ϤЦݣ΢˫ֽץסɫȹѪȾǱɫȺǣҲѩϾӳ߰ߵ顣
ҷ˦磬͵˵ǺɫĹâм䣬ˮҲֹסҿŽе飬飬ΪҪ˵ɵ
ıȴֿҸУЦסѩ̵֣˵ҲɵֻϣԶܱҵı̶
ѩѾҵһοѩ̿ޡ޵ĺģЩץס飬ͣ˵ҲҪ㱣ңҺúûţҺúûš
һЦȴ˿ڣζסѩ̣˵ʶ̶Ҷһ֮ĵ¡Ϊ˱̶Ҳκ¡
̶ҲҪرңֻҪӦңԯһҲǾʶвΪҵҲߵĲ
ѩĵͷ˵ãҴӦ㣬ֻҪţʲôӦ㡣
תͷЦŶ˵СģҪˡ
ҵˮ˫ۣҵЦݡ飬㣬㲻׼˵ûУ㲻׼뿪ǣ
鲻ҵĻֻԹԵ˵Ҫ㷢ģΣ̶һҲ᲻ð
ҲֻеͷãҷģҴӦ㡣ˮ˳ҵоһƬɬ
ͷֲѩϵˮ૵̶Զġ
Ļû˵꣬ͣڿеֱҵԡʹϮҸмϢѣǵЦݷԽԽңԶʧһƬڰ֮С

ڰʮ ҹ

ҿʼͣΣĵЦǸҵǰҵʶﲻͣĳŶԸģȴЩ͸
СģҪȥˣŶƤЦʵİҵǰ
ȥȴѾӽ͸Ҫ飬Ҫߡ
СĹԣչ˺ʦְ鳯֣ЦȴЩɬ
飬ô뿪ôãš
Ȼȴңֻһĳǰߡںʹ׷ϣȴиϽҸ뿪
أҿڳкЦЦȻͬһʧľͷ
ڿ˵ĳ࣬У磬⣡ǰ
Ȼ䣬˫ۣȴǰ˫ϺɫĵĶҡлеһһ仰ҲǺܰ׳յ˾䣺Ķ
̣ҾˣԾйҶʱҪ³壬æסż˵ҪȥĶ
ҵˮȴٴӿۿ飬顭
һѽ§ڻ۲ѡֽסң˵棬ѾˣͬһԶ뿪ǡ
ŵ˵ƭңûߣҲûߣһжǼٵģƭҵģԸǸجΣҶһ۾ܿ磬ܿ飡
ˮҵ˳εĳ鴤šͷҵˮȻѴҵĴϡɵⶥҵıݣӿҵ¶Ū಻ͣҵһȴҲ궯
ãֹͣϮ§ڻ棬ӣѹҲ޼µġֻϧԺʱ⣬ԺŲѹڡ
ҴСƼ֪˵ǳԽȴԽεץס㡣Ҳʹ࣬棬ʹʹ࣬ҲߡʹûңҲԶػ㣬㵥Цݱӡ
ҿ޵ƣ룬֪˵ĻǣΪúɽܣкҪģһȫȫֻҵˡ
˵Ҫ֤ԸúͶͬķʽ
һżֶס˵죬ȻòԣĶƺźܴɷ֣ջҵ֣пʼϲõ飬ЦݵߣĮů崺硣
һûüصֱһס棬Ӧң
Լ֣ȴôҲ鲻أյεģһ˿ɶֻܵ˵ֻǼʧԡ
ǸոȼͻȻְȥ˵ı̲סȥãվ˵⼸գ̫ˣúϢϢұĸ׼Ĵ顣
ҶЩ˵ѾԵúľˣҲȥκλӦֻǵʵ֪ģҪȥ
ɫ΢΢Щ䣬ڵʽûиκ˵ȥɡ
ҰֵˣԼȥɡ
ǡϿʼֳǵı顣
£ȥˡãһ˶ϡ
˵ʲôȴֱˣٻӦѩ̣֮ʱ˶ˡ
գҼ򵥵ױ´ȥѩ̵ԷˡҰ⣬ȥ֪кܶ໰ֻڲ˵
һţȴѩ̵Ĳ԰ײ٣һŵľļȴҲǲ֡ѾЩΪβһøĶԾУһԶǺܳԿġ
˭ģʲôʸ񣬾ҴŹϢЩס
ҳ΢΢һЦܹܺýҴ򲻴ŹҲ֮飬ʲôʱֵūлˣ
˵ʵǺӵѹ˵ġǶԾʵûʲôõİ취ѹÿּǹƵģÿÿֻ
ЩǺ죬ڳԵ㣬㣬ôĵӣ
Ҽ԰ܣǳʤ׷ӴղܹܾȻȾϽһ񼲣ùҸҽҽˡ
ܻģָ
ģѩ̴ĻĪҪС񡣡
ǺȴֻΨΨŵŵǡ
ѩֿڵģȳȥţ뵥뱾̸̸
ĶݺݵĿһңȻ˳š
ѩ̵ǹһЦ˷йԭӵıҲˡ
ҲһЦ㻹úúù̹ܽܽĵлԶأ
ʾ£Ȼܷܵң֪ӴǰΪ˺£
˲˵ȥݶ顣ҿżɽ
΢΢һЦЦдžȻʢڣȴҲż־˵䣬ֻһ˿ȥĪ˵㣬׽ʦˣһ˵Ķģӻİɡ
Ǻο࣬һ֮Σȴʼҵֻȥһֺοأ
Цд޾ıӣȻ˵棬ҲҵʱҾ֪ϲеĶģ
ȫȫҵģֻһˡΪΪҲֻһ˵ģҶϲҵκζ飡
Ķʮֲ⣬ʲôˣ

ڰʮ ҹ

ôѩǳȴӲЦҵʲôЦ˱ҵһУڴװȻ֪氡ˣ
վƺЩ˵ãǽұһԵ˵
Ƕ۰ĸףҵĸס⹫ѽָҵĸףþֶνߣ䵽ǿɶĽܾұеȴͬûеĺӡ
ұ˵ȥͣйǸɵģӵег谮ԭҵģҵģƾʲôǸůļͥﳤ󣬶ȴҪʹĥ
Ҳģһ㶼ģֻжĸӧ˵ҪǱ߸ӦĸײŻһУĸɵģ
ˣҪҵĸˣҷȻվҵĸͬҵĸమģϵ˶֪ģĸ׵òҸ׵ģɰȫƵĸĸˣݵ
ߣߵĸ׻ŵʱ򣬱ĸеĹâҫǰҸȴ̳ĸ׵ص㡣Ƕϲ˵Ķ
㣬ô꣬ϻ㣬ɿҶȴģԶ˵ãʵȴռŶӵģ
㲻ϲˣΪλҪģͬһ
ˣҪٺ˵ˣҶԶûб뷨ϲ磬ԼȥѰ˵ϲ޹أҪԼҵϣ̲סе
ߣøƲӰԣַƵΪҪգԣΪλҪ˿ڵȥʲô֥㣿ǶԱŪȻýժ֥ȫӵ
ͻȻưͳԻһ㣬ҽܶΪһƬ⣻ȥ֥㣬ΪҪȥů֡ܰЩ˵ĳڣ˵˵˳ҲδػţֻҽƱĽڰˡ
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ľˣŮǷ൱µģҶԣģ⡣Һ۰Ǳŷ͸һЩȻҲҵ뷨ȴܾů
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ô˵ˣû˵ˣЦţҲ֪ôЦȥǻ᲻
ұһ󷴸Ǳ͵صȼĻֱͦ˵ֱҺõȥγ֪ϲ磬ȴӲҪ޸
ͻȻɫֻһ˲ָֻԭĮǣǺҵһУҲҪϲˣ֪ʧȥζ
ϧǣұΪҲϲģֻɢ˭֪޸֪֮ϲˡ
ǿɬ۾ЩЦԼ
֪ˣֺαԼأҲһ˵ġ
һ΢˵ˣɱģ
Ҳһ˿ң⣿ͬʲôϵ
ղ˵ġˡǡ･Щ궯˵Ĳ⣬Ǿ˵˵Ǵ֮ǰϲǸˣ
ԭҲ֪ԭӵһֱһˣصôֱȥ֮ҲŴ³ѳһŻȻʴѾǻƣּȴɼ֪дʲô𣿡
Ѿ֪ˡԽǽӽʵԽҾ޷
ɬЦſдǣŶᰮ塣Ȼ
ҵȻһȺףҵЩֹסĲŶϤְǴĵ߶ı֣û뵽û뵽ĿһֱŵǸ˾Ȼ
ÿÿǲͬڳ˵С¹ײΪǶҵİ֮顣ʵֻ͸ҿﰡ
룬ͬҲкܴƣҵʱڴ˵ʶԭô԰׵ֻһ棬ͳһͬס
綨ͬһҵ׵ӰӣԲŻϲġֲ˵ֻҲԸ⣡ԭ֪顣
棬û뵽ɣİˣȴֻȥס
ҲЦӦΣʹ˵㣬ҲѾˡԴ˵Ҫ޸һбֻǸ硣ϣҵĸܹҸܸҸ˭Ҹں
ٳǿˣɣ¼ҵСүͬףȶ˱ɳˡ
㣬ֻ̫ˡⱲӶͬϲлһˣ
Ӳ̵ǣһֻ֧ʵĸΧ˴ҪۿԼŮƼҪĿ˺޵졣
ҡҡͷӣǷ𣿿ŮˣΪûаʹаˣǿ
סڣҲҪң͵侲㲻ݶгһգ̤ƽĺɽһȥ
ٽŮˣĲͬٶľȥ˵ҴӦһ㲻ɱ㡣ǣȻа취ʹࡣٲڸģұа취ʧȥӵеһС
ҲòҲգҵһҲһζ˵ĻˡյڴһϣӴ޹ϸ𡣡

ڰʮ ͬʱͬ

йӣȻȴҲʮְȫġԯһ뿪½ųܶ̽ӵ̽ϧȴ˻ȥ
ԭҲǲ֪ЩģĳҹһȺͻȻ֣иͷ˳еĴ񣬹˵·Сү֮ӭӻع
ҶͻȻİЩ죬Ҳʵ̫˰ɣ˼ҹ˶Ǵһ¾װ԰ΪãҲİ˶һװɣҲ̫Ŀŵأ
ûҿڣֻҵԺðһȺͷǸֱӵҵǰ棬ţ̫ûӣ
žһ󵶹⽣Ӱһû嵽ôһսȺ˾ͼɢȥҹС
ڶǳʱǰ׷Ĵͷֻ˵һ䣺·Сү֮µͳͳð˳ǵĴͷ̴е˵ǵӣһȺʲôҷϣ
ϣһ񶷡Ķ񶾱쾡µķӳ
Щ˵ĳ֣ӲҶ˵ʲô֪ﻹġ
ӱҶĶнĶȹѩ֮ҲûҹҵĲ硣ȥ̽һ£˵ѩĹȣԻعȥˡ֪ѩ̾Զ⣬ȻĿҲռһϯ֮صġ
ãκʱ򶼲벻κλرһҲʮĽġοΪ˾ѩ̶ӦҲҸİɡȻҸȴѩһʹѩǸۺûǳԸǷ˵ˣȻǷѾˣȴټһǷԶ˵ġ
ҲҲû˻֮ˡҲҲûܹůĮնˡ
Ȼ˵Ĵϲ£ҵҲǲСġױͬһ𣬶룬ҵԼӦ˰ɡ
ˣ簮Ҳпܵİɣ
ҲúЦľûʶֻǸأ֪ԼҲʮֲԸİɡ
ܿȥˣķѾߡϣͻȻ˸˶رķˡ˵رʵйÿճԵķ˶ϲԵġ
˽ҵϲõģһ޿ޣҲû˽ҡ֪ҲϲԴнְϣԸò֮ҪЩ֪Ҳϲģζ嵭óٷŽ֪ͣϲ⣬óŻ⣬ÿնظ
֪Ǽõģ䲻˵ȫ֪
ϣصȥݵΪŪĸ㣬ϻи⡣СһױƵĶҿʶԭҵʮ
ʮ꣬ôõ䰡ȴоԼѾܲһ㡣
̧ͷЦŶ˵绹ǵýˡ
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ỽ֪ϲ̻ˣ棬һܹӵеĶ͸㣬ֻҪϲұΪ̻ΪѰЩģֻҪ㿪ġ
ЦЦ磬֪иĹ𣿵˹ٳʱ򣬱ҪյףһҪϸͬȻԸٽԸʵˡ
Ŷĺϡ棬ˣϲǱˡ̷Ըߵ̨ϵʮ˸ҿЩЦãǵһμյǲڵ϶ǲ̨ϣһʮ˸򰡣
ֹ⵽ˣһɡ
Ҳĵͷ˳ֻһҵǰȻЦⰻȻҪʲôԸʵֲˣǾʵְա
磬Զ侲ȴҲһҵ۹Ʊᱻͷԡԣֻһһεҵ»
˫ֺʮǰȻ˵ϣܻɡûüӦʱѸٵĴǰ
ɫͻȻЩ࣬˵ܡ
ҲֻǺƢ˵Ϊ̫ӣѵҪ
û뵽ԽǺȴԽٷ񲣬˵Ҫɣߣҿصȥ̫ɣҸ㣬ֻҪһţұ㲻ᣬġ
ЦŵҪֻɣϸңȥ磬ȥ˹ҵɣ޹ء̫ǲģ磬ֻҵģҲ뱳ļΪԸҲ
һƬ𾪣ǰץסҵļеΪҲΪλ֪⼸ЩΪνûӰ𣿲ҵ˰ǵ棬Ѿ˾뷨ˣ
Ҹ㣬ԽԽûԵģѵ֪˭𣿡
΢Цţҵ˵Ҳı粻Ҳġ
ҡͷûģΪȦ㲻ڱ㰡棡һ㣬˻лʽˣѺٴˡȥ磬Ͷ
棬ľͲأǲҪҰʿ㿴أҪʿģ浽ʲôģ˵ʯĳ

ڰʮ 

ϵ̻࣬ɫĹâ΢ŭӳĸƺҲӰ涨Уǻ֮ȥ
ȻѾ丣ȴҲֻ˵˵ֻжһл
ҵƺЩʧֻ𣿡
ҲȥֻǱŵĻȴӳҵĵףΪʲôΪʲôʲô¶أ
Ϊôô£ֻ㿴һҲðҳ룬ֻҪ㿴һۣһֻۣҪ㿴Ϊ£ôһᱻҸжġǣΪʲôôһ۶ĵĲأ
˵簡Ϊô£ȴǲ֪Ҫıɡˣͬٶ˵ҲûáҹȻذɣҲҪϢˡ
еĻ潥ϨǷ˫Ҳ侲һĮӰﺰһ䣺СҪȥϢˣǺ˴ˣģ
Ҳһᵭ̬˵ţ磬Ǻαء
ļʱ˼£ţҺݺݵ˵棬ҲͬʲôϵˡѾ޵ˣԯһٸߣҲܻŽ
ͻȻĻֱ£񶼱ĺҲȥֻת뿪
ĩĺѾʮִ̹ˣҹұ紵Ļ䣬ǽһţ˭ⴰҲ֪ϣƤȴҲҾԼƺһڰԨ˺ë
ҿʼҪѰůҲͣķ˿߾ͺˣůЦҲֹסֵͻȻܺůҸеԼһůĻӵţǿƺ̲űĻȡ
ֿǣĵĽţ磬硭
ӵҵͻȻһ£űʹĽӵ뻳ڣǽĿסһҸо
ҲҵĺſңַҵĶͷ͵ȴоʹҡңԼԼһ˵·ڽУ棬桭
棿ֺö찡˭˭أУʵȥˣҵʶʧһƬڰС
˯Уģģȴϡһյƹ⣬ƻƵĹƺһ㲻¡̧ͷȥƬ֮оһˣ񾲵ĳ֣Ƿɫ˿Ҳӭչ
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ڰʮ ӭ

Һ綼һ£ƺûʶͻʾ١Դôʱ䣬˴˶ϢͻȴͻȻڴʱڱ˴˶ʧٵһС顣
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硭Ҫڵʱȴֹˡ
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˵˵ȥϲϲЩºܳʵĸ˵СƺǲմȾӣЩ޶ûκȤÿֻϲŰ£ż֣Ⱥá
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Цſҵıӣɡ
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һæ˦˦ͷҹǿҹҪзնڹȥһµһ겻ҪٷЩˡ
ҿʼвˣ翴ˣϲ͸¶ı顣
磬ĸͳܻĲ𣿡Ҳ޵ĵʵ
޷ֻһ޶ѣٸϻȥҲһġıƺ¶ȣϵѩмڻˡ
磬ǻڳǷ񷢱飿ҳãһʵ
ҲشңöԼһ޶ļ⡣ͬϣЭһĺƽԭգԴ֮£ϣ˽ģĸ
ɤӣЦˣòѧǳֻ˵ЩԼ뷨òȥ˵ĲԣǧĪҪЦźá
ΪԹֻֻܶңȻһ̲ͻ⼸ͻȻ𣬿νҰĲò˳⣬ô˳µҲҰģ⡣
ͻˣֻͻڡǲȥһսΪҲн֮ģͬǽˣٶһЩһ
ͷˣ֪ˡĺмˣԻ
΢΢ЩżγԣҪ˵ģΪҪȵزſϳ
ͻȻҿǻƵĵƹ·ǹ첢ҵЦݣҶˣʲôˡұǳᣬҵȦףԼ˵Эģû뵽Լȴ壬һӾ̽ҶԾйػ֮ġ
Ҷյαװһȫ¶ɣֻﻹһ˿⣬ϣҪҶĹǼٵġֻҶ˼ǣңΪҶ绳е⣬Щ֪ģҶĹҲĵġֻǣֻܸһöԸӦеĹģһŮ˶˵ġ
ü΢΢ȻչǵЦƽֻһ˵黳ͬⱭƣҪ㡣

ھʮ ̻䲻һ

һ˴ĺӣͻȻյЩϲ
ˣʲôȱ
˿Цݣзֵģ֪һϲġеˣǴ
ӭֵķϡӰһٸŮӻﱧһͯٸȴҲϤˡҺվе֣
־ֵɫдžΥϲã̹ڵϣ۽żӿ飬е С㣬ū澿ҵˣ
æǰס֣еЩ㶼ȥˣҲûأ֪жൣ㰡
ץסҵ֣˵ū澣ūһѾС㣬Ŀɺã۸㣿
Һᣬһӵȫ¶ӣҺãҺܺá
ʱĺͻȻסҺͿֽס֣ǻƲһЦݡǸŮͯСʹһ۵С̲ס£һ˫ˮĴ۾Ҳͣգѽգģǿɰ֪ΪΣɰܾļƵġ
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С㡭ϻ̳Ͽֵֹ
ôǣЩ⡣
ͷ૵С㣬⺢Ӳǿֵġ
Щ棬˭ҵĺӣ˿ɰĸĸһҲ˼ˡ
ǡµģ̧ͷһ磬ȻֹסĻ
Դʱʶ֣ұ֪Ǹʵˡлһֱ˵˱ܻ䣬ǰݡ
ڸոҵı֣ҼҪֺ磬ҶԿ˵л˵ˣ֣ǲẦǵġ
һϲʱ۵ҵһ
ͬӵŮ
ҵ۾̵ɵͬһӺˣ˼ʵ˵ʲô类˵ӰҲݷſֵĻһ
ٴιڵأ׵ֲС㡣ССȷʵǴͬŮͬϲģǧȷ
ҸоǰһλεģƺЩѣΣôᣬôᰡСҵӣҲԾıסһЦȻסҵͷͿʼѽѽŪ
ҸоЩվȣǱСĵϣҼѹԼȵȻ̧ͷ˵磬ֵͬɡ
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ЩıӰҶԿֻ˵˵ҽЩ㶼Щʲô¡
ԾǹڵϣȴɬŨصıƺ͸¶޾ı
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ĵﲻͣԺﲻͣĻƤЦҲ˳ĽţСˣ
ҵˮʼӻԾеСȴֲȥյۣЦģ͸һӡ
סС֣ЦЦȻĳһ£Կ˵ôҵĻ˵һ룬ȴֹס˳ҵͷһˮʪ͸СŮ½
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Ҳǰ˼˵СҪڰҪϲ飬ҲϣСΪġ
ӵػɣ֮仹ҪЩ˵Ҫ֪ϲֵôġ
ڵϣȻݺݵ˵ѩǸ˸ɵĺ£
һѩ̣еС˿̰ȵҵıҲֻ֣ǰ·ϵա
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ҵǣǣߵĵڶ죬ѩ̱ȥ׽ǡͬãҲߣҴϲȵȥܡ
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䣿ҵͷȥеӤ
С㣬ԭģΪ֪ǻʸҵĺˣ㽫ŮΪʸ䡣
ҵԺͻȻǰʲôŲµģһ䣺䡭ԭˣҪ˵ľŮʸ䣡ˣһǷĲδŮԲչġ
ϲֱںΪ˱䣬ѩǼˡ˵ȥˣŻ䣬§ĸӽˡ

ھʮһ ̻䲻

ֺ޺޵˵ѩͨӥצʹɱ֣Ϊոм֮ϲֲ书˴һĺӣʵûлֵ󣬡ɤֿʼʣϲΪ˱ӣ㵲˵Ľ¡ϲֻʮ갡ζ뿴󺣵ģϧϧ
һѹΪΣΪӶŹҼѵĿڵ֣֪ΪҪ¶𣿡
ҧ˵ǰҲ֪ΪʲôֻѩΪ˱סԼĵλĴڡ罨˹Ҳ֪ѩԭĹӾȻĵܵܡ̫ӣ
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һһľľЩ䡣ҵڣѾ˷̿𣬿ɼˣֵĻҵĺëԾȫ
εıЩ˵żʵ
Է֪ӢһʸҵĺˣǱѩΪӵĲ޸ܴﵽʸҵľɲǴӱӢҵôѩ̵ʹϡ
ҵ͹һ㣬ͻȻое鶼ˣ룬пܴϵҼѩ̻˵ǸԷµģĿıҪȥӢֻǵڲﵽԷĿġ
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Ȼ񣬴ȴպʱӢһΪʸĻȫת븣Է£ýֺͷҲ֪һǴĸԷѩ̵͸¶֪ĸԸЧһʸҵףһð
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С㲻֪ϲ֮󣬱ͬһһ·ʵ鲼˵СͬСүһԱǰСڴı߾ȴͬʧȥϵ
ҵͷͬȷʵڴ߾ġϧǸϵʱѾ̫ˡ
С˵Ѿ
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˫ۺףˮȪӿ˳ͨһֹ˵ϣ˵ӣ֣ûйǵУڽСˣ֮һҪӿгˣ佡ĳҿ־ƴҲỤСȫģ
ǰƽԼ飬֣мҪҵģĿǰӵйסǼѩҲçײ¡
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С㣬ֲ£Ȼİڳһʱ׼׳顣ԸԼȥҲҪȡѩ̵Լϲֵ֮飡
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֣嶯侲
ҼҵĻˣ˵ֻһ֮ǰйΣҪѩһڻûΪҪô˵Ծ£ôҲðġ
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ҵͷǶ˵ģҵҲ˵Ӧ޼١
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ҡҡͷ֪ϲѩ̵ģǣⷽŶ鲻ƭҵġңҲѾˣǰҲǰٰ㽻ңһҪѩ̵ҲӦˡԣҪдѩ̣һҪúÿ
ðɣһжСİš
ҵͷѾһ˯˹ȥǷཱུСҰ˾ģһҪȫ
佻֣һ·»ױݣžԼѾǸ⾫ˣš
ѩӰȻͤţܵ̿Ӱӳĵĸ졣
ǰе磬ô䣬С
תʣͬΣ
ҼŬڳһٵЦ˵һūͶѣ̸ʲôɡ
籾ѾЩõЦȴ£ԾĽеҪʲô
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ɫȻЩΪѣҼ˵ѾͷʮֿɰĻϲ粻Ҫ䣬ҲմŮΪŮӴΪһݱӡ
ıʱ˵Ӵ֮ұĵ
Цŵͷ粻𣿡
æ۵˵ʲô˵ѩϥǵģ
ҹǲӦ棬㳤ˣ
ЦҡҡͷҪˣǸһ㡣
ǴӦˣ
ͷ
Ҹ˵վϷԣɲܶϷ
ҲЦ˵Ȼʲôʱƭ㣡
ҵͷҵȹЩľʹģ䣬ǱסˡҰ̾

ھʮ ̻䲻

ǣԪ꽻ӵʱ̣漴ҪΪҵŮ䣬һǱŵȨ
ҳϣϣҵ⣬Ҫͬһĸĸȴ˿ûиκεĳŵϣҶεģΪ䣬Ϊ˴ĹѪԸԺʹҵ顣
ıӻԺпܻĹˣ԰ЩǼˣҲȷЩҪ˻᲻ʹ˴סֻ֪һ߾ȫȥǡĺӡ
Ѿܵͣ˵ӣ⻳̥ʱ̥ǲãԴĴ쿪ʼͿʼͣķաҳΪĸûоġ
һοղˣŵĲСҽйеĴÿ˶˵СС̫ͬʱߵܶı߾Ӷᣬ֮䣬æĲɿ
䷢յĵ죬ҿʼĪѹ֣Ҳͣȥһ԰οСĪҪżǰЩҲзգСǺġ
ȴһҲȥĻǷִҹͱҽԺȥˡҵִѧ֪ʶСӷպܿճضȰ׳գҲʲôҸ߻Ϊչʧȥ
ұڴϲͣ߶ţ䣬ŮϽòã
ҾԼֱҪˣҲͣץͷȵصйʱҾ͸һڴϡ
æǰסҵ֣еʣ棬İԼŪģ
㿪ʼֹסˣص˵磬䣬ѾѾշˣ᲻ᣬ᲻ᡭ
Ĵң˵ĪҪͰѹеҽģһµġ
ǿģҵ˹ȥץס䣬Ͱ͵Ķ˵磬ӦңһҪκ䡣
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˿Ϣһ±ϲ˵ССѾΪˣ̫պ˻ϣǿĹˣС̫Ҳָտɴˣ
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սѾͬͻʵսڼ
쵽˵ʱҴԺˣСʱһرϲǧÿ춼ԺȥҵṦͣ䲻СĴǧϵҲνסֻԾɷֺ£ҲڵʱԲܴȥǧ
һ죬ҺԺִ˽Ҽʹɫ´ȥһԵǧҺͿǲԶĿһһ
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仹ʱһɫӰȴǰ§סǰǷ۵Сˣڿת˸Ȧɵ˵ϡ
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ĻһЦĻ˵İٹͷȻЦ䣬ʲôٽһ
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ҵͷ˳ĵĪҪ˵ˣոѾŻء
һгҿЦеȡ
æߵӣţСѾͷܴ׸ȷ磬ˤˣ㻹ܲô񡣡
ҲǾһԵߣҰ佻£Ȼ˵ʱˣ㱧ſȥϢɡ
Ӧ˵ǣȥˡҳʹ˸ɫȥһȵĲ裬Ȼӣʵε˿Уľ͹ˣ
Ц˵Щĸ֮Խ˳ˣȴǲǰˡ

ھʮ ӯӯ

ֺǺǵ裬Ὣҵ鷢Ʋ棬̧ͷ΢΢һЦԽˣÿҪЩˮء
Ҳ΢Ц˵ҲҪעչ˺Լտ䣬Ҳ̫Լ
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һȣʼ׽͸棬ЩװѾܺˣҪôαĶ𣿡
˸սԾɹǸаЦ˵˵ʲôˡ
ЦţЦ⽾ƺЩЩӣΪίߣ㵱Ŀûд˷ǣ̫ӵλף
ĵ̫Ѿҿĺ䤱ȻҪ־߶ȼУЩƣ罫豭ȻЦ˵ˣ˿ΪҪ˵أǺгգ񲻸
΢΢Щץסҵ˵ҪҪҶ˸Ҷ㻹кβãϵŮҶϻһ㾿ʲôģ
Щֱ˫ֻۣܵͷ֪Ϊô£ϣǴĵл硣ǣ磬ȴʼոҪġ
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ҳҵ֣סԼȻ˵ĪҪż֮ȣ绹Ƕȵɡ
ջ֣һ˿Ц㵹ǺƢҲ֪繫ҪŮӳ˰գ
ҵһȣеıӱϣҼҪסԼҵһ˿֪˵ȻҲЩˡ
ĪҪ˵Щңֻչ˺䣬Ͼʡҵͷ֪Ǻá
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ķſ˵ṵ̂İ֪½Ըͬϡһ뱣סνŮô֮£ȰûʡȥǷɣһһĴ䣬ҲרŶ㣬ƾǵṦӣҲǾȻӲйġ
ǿҵĸܵĻд˼֪˵Ļ棬ȴҸӰա
˵Щתȥ˵úÿһ˵Ļɣȥ䡣ÿΣգҶܸպԱģ׵ģҲ̫⡣
֪ʵǺ۰ģ˷Щﲢвʲôʵʵϣݶ˵Ҫȥĸԭ򣬶ȴһҪסⱾ£ʧȥıӣ¸ϼˡ
ǣԾǲġȥȷ⣬ʼвʡ
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С㣬ʲôȫļƻˣһǵĳ˵
ҵͷ֣Ҫİæ
ϥڵϣ˵ԸΪСЧȮ֮͡
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촽Ȼ˵»Ҫġ
ЩżʵСò˼ΪλҪͶأ
ҿЦǴǰһ˵߾ߡ䣬ұ㲻ֻԼˣֻиܻȫҪȫ˵뿪йƾ֮ЩðգοҪŸͯ
ֵͷʵСȥʱ
̧ͷϷֻҪȷ⣬ұ
뿪й֮ǰмҪػʹסߺĵڶϣֿͬʼִǵļƻʵڿֵдµĸַǳ򵥣ֻǣ
ǵͬͨЩͬѾߵĴƽϲİ磬ʩչṦӳйа˷ҵĳʱض׷ʱٰҴһӳʱ뵽õһУǱ㼯ȫ׷֡ұ˳ӳйˡ
ҵ̴ĻǲģֻʵʩȴЩǸеĸ֣ǵҲûҵĸߣṦȴͬеһȡɽɽŷ֣ϱȸṦõˣкܶġ
ʶһʱѾΧסˡ
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ڴʱҵĶȴϤĻʱ򡣡

ھʮ ƶĪ

Ҷһ˵ҹ¾ҲŹһδƺˣǣΪʲôڴ˵أ
Ѱ˼ŵʱ򣬴ðһӰǼϴԽҵĶĤУ棬ѾͷվǶϽ
æܵߣ˵ʵһ㣬ĭӣô˷ܵһӣקŲ֡
һԵĭ΢Ц˵ɺ񻹹磬ǻȽǰˡ
һͷ˵ǹӵϷ
ԻϷѵĭҲҪ˼֤һ¹Ŵ漣
ĭӴͳһѾõҶӣЩҶУ˫ֺʮʼͣҶӣҿҲʼдʣΪԶʲôæһ㣺һ㣬ĭʲô
һһԺЦݣǷ䡣
䣿찡ѵĭǴ˵еʦԽĺˣǰҲ಻ס׼ǰĭһͻȻһͣȻǰķһ֣ƬҶ̷ĭӵ֣أһɳæ۾ҸоɳȥʱۣǰѾһˡ
ǰûйû֣һƬտĲԭǰæʵһ㣬ô°
һЦ˵СѾͷû˰ɣǹӻĿɲֻЩأ
ĭվǰعͷһһһҪҵĲмǣһߴ
һͷôЩˣѵ㻹𣡡
ĭӵͷȻֻعͷȥ
ǿʼĭӵʮֺʵһ㣬ĭӵʲô˰󷨵ʲô󷨣Ϊ氡
һС˵棬˵ϵı߾һ֧صĲ壬˾˵ͨǧһֱеռ׹ơ׵һЩ񡣡
ŶͬԭĲЩƣҿʵ
ҲȻνĲֻ֪ʶǴ˵ĺˡǵռ㣬Ӧʶ
ɵĺˣĭǡ
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һͷ֪ǷܶҪưµ˶ռΪһıȴ⵽˵׷ɱӴС׷ɱĻ³ɳġ
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˶֮ĭӿڵ棬ҪȥμСүͬĻ񣿡
ҵͷ̾Ԥ⵽ĭ
ĭͻȻ¶ȵЦݵԤģƾ˵뷨뵽ġ
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ҵͷٴαȭȻתȥٴ̤ҼԵĴ֮С

ھʮ ֻЦ

̤ĹƺѾܵԵϤζҿʼǷ𲻾΢Ц֪ҵԽԽˡʼҳǰжôľϲ
ҵһ仰˵ʲôأ᲻ἤǰһСץҴУ棬𣿡ǻһѽӵ뻳ڣ˵۵黰
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ҲȥֱֱֻأЦ֪ǷԸΪүԺǰ̸˾Ӷֻأ
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ң߰ĿȸһֻܵĹгм
ҧҧ˵Сү֮ǰİ֮ˣȢ֪㲻㿷أ

ھʮ ˭Ծ˿ޣһ

Ҷ۾ȴһ𰸣֪ҲһʼҲǽ
СҲҴδȡκζ磬Ǹ⡣
ΧȺֿʼ궯ҿʼ˽۷׷ףƺ˵ҲҥԣҲѾҵƿڴ˵ſڴƻơ
֪ΪΣʱȴ쳣ƽ̧ͷһۣҶʱоûκεֻ˵ĺƺԼ벻һɨա
ͻȻݷˣҲָоǰ飬ǣҲһֻʶһ˰ɡ
ڱ˴˶Ӻܾ֮˵СүʲôҪԴ˵𣿡
Ҳ˻ҵΪҲΪͱˡ֪ܶ˲ңΪʲôؿһЩΪĹĳԼĻԼһҸע
ǣ˭ԸĸԸĿԼİͬŮһأʹƽųٵСΣҲҪһֱߵܣܵǰһ
ǵģҲҪ˭İ飬ֻҪԼİѡ̶޷ĸ飬ζݲ˵Ĳġ
ʹ˿̣ͬȻףҲҪ֤ԼĴڡҲЩΧ۵Ѿ֮ĵˣҲںҲںµοҵģҲںжڱҺ꾫ֻҪҵˣֻһͺá
ѾʼΪµʱĻϲıһˣݷҾȫ硣ҲҲĳա
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ͣһᣬֿڵҲ֪Сү֮ʱѵҸŮȣͬСүν÷С޲¡ЩСүһͬսɳȷѪ꣬ȽᣬͬͬӢ֮ĸһβơ
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Ϊ֮УҲֻὫСүһˡԣϣҲҪͬСүĸ飬ҪӢ֮һҵĹϵ
룬ԾˣʹϵСүĹҲӦ²ΪءϲСүӦСүİΪȣ˵ţתͷȥһ磬˵԰ɣСү
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Ӣڴڼ䣬һֱṩ֧֣ҲһֱемġعǸһɳϳ۳ң磬ͻʣµںʱµġ
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棬ˮ𽥴Ҳ춼ڿҰգǣԼȴƺľûκθһ㣬ԸͷȥƬ֡
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ҿʼˮʼϿ䣬Ҳ֪Լֶ֧ãֻ֪Ҳͣһͣ£ұҲûԼѾΪʵı
ҵԺУͣķЦԼոݣϾ˵ɽ˺ġǷʵȴ֮ͬ£֮ȥ
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磬ˣϢҼ򵥵˵š
§ҵĸ첲һȻ˵ãҴȥ罻紦ĽıԺҲǶء
֣ҵһȥѰ˵ʱһʼҪȥĵطǽֻǵʱĵǺ׷ɱûȥɶѡȴҪȥǸطûͬȥɣȴͬһȥֱǶķ̡
һֻ֣Աиǣ籧̧ͷٴο⣬Ҫûһ㡣ܿʻУһƺܲʵ
صĻг˯ȥ֪˿Ҳֻ˯Ҳܵõ

ھʮ ѱ

ٴ۵ʱѾ߲ͣҡˣĺţ桭
һܣּѾӳҵߣС㣬Сˣ
̧ԴͻȻ࣬Ƿ˰İɣҲ׵˯һɣ磬뵽ҵǺһЩ
С㣬ֵǵıüң̫˵С
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⿪Ѩ󣬿ֽеСǸ֮ʰعοԷߣС̫ˣ
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ֶţ޵ֱҧһԻΪͬ׽ԲصϷһֱߵȥе̱ץ̱ץ
Ҳһ죬֣ȥᱻף
ֻصС㲻֪ӱʱ˱˵ǸԷͬѩ̹Ѿйųȥӭӣҵ˵˿ӣš
ʵոҲǴص﷢ǿֵģǿִʱﻹϰ߳ΪӣȴֱΪ̫ӵ£ʮֱŤΪڼصĵ̣ҼǿɫͫǺ
ǣԷҲˣʲô紵ģҫ

ھʮ ع

ҲͣĻΣͣĽţףЦЦףЦЦ
Ҷļǿֿ죬ʹһЦݣһЦҪֱӡۡһˡ
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û뵽ӳҵĻֵĻ߿ޱ߽У׻׻Ż䣬Ż䣡
ҵıʱסЦȿ޻ѿ
æοҵСĪҪͬǸء
̾˿ȴôЦĳأ
ֺԣ״ȥˣɺã
ֹͣ˿ʹĵͷְȹұţȻ󿪿˵С㣬С棬ãôȥɢɢһ顣
ҵͷǣ԰ȥǵƤͣҵˣһֻСӣϴᵽӵĲˡ
ԭСҲƤǻҲǰѾܵˣߴˤˣʹѹɱԣֻǣҲܡֻаܵļ˻ˤ뻹Ҫʱҵֱˡ
֪˶ãһİͥԺйǵһʮֲϤҲ֪ܵֻͥʹߡ
ͻȻߵһ⣬ֻһȣƣ㾹ΪĽô
ұͽȻһסˣҲһҪæס죬һֻʳָѹߣȳһꡱĿ͡
仹ΪͬϷ˵æҲʳָѹסԼ촽ʹġꡱŷר
ͻȻһŴ͵ʱǰֽӴұպպĭڴͱ˸
ϸĿ龰λŮӺݻ˵꣬ȴʼɢһ˵Ȼκ˼һαμסĳ࣬˱йһ֮ԵĸԷ˵ҵѩ̵ĸס
һ࣬ͬŵĺ÷ĽŮӣ࣬ȴѩ̵ĽݣĸһȻȴҲʤᣬ²˵ġ
米վţԸԷ˵ĸϢŭֻ˵Ҫһ̽顣
һԵѩͻȻĿڵߣʵܴ˻ɵ棿ĪҪĸӹУ֪ʵܵ뷨
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Էվߵǰ˵壬㽫Ҫ̳λģɴ߱Ȼɱǣ
汻ŮԵʧǣǾͱĸΪʯˣ
ٴ𣺡ĸҪ˭ȨĸҪˣǸŮˣŮ˳رֻһˣûЩ󳼻Զ̳λ飬˵顣
ѩ̲ԵĸŻʵ֮ԣסŮһʵܻҪĸ𣿡
ֱҡͷ˵ҲҲģĸﶨй
ǿŭֻԷ߿Ϊ֪ģϲΪ˸ŮʧԵġ
뵱Ϊ˿ƻʸҵĺˣǻʸȻµġҼµѪâԱгɴ߸еĺݾ
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˵ֻͷһѩ˵־͹ڱ̶ĶӲΪʸҵһŮҲôˡ
ѩ̵ɫһһɷǲÿ
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˵ţڿӵڵ£ҵ֣˦֣ҵȴĿҵֻ˵һ仰Ȼԭҵ۰Ǽٵġ

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ԷĿһ۵ңͬĸһޣ
ʹĶĸѵǣмĸĽ̻塣Ҽҧ˵仰ġ
ٴֺ󣬸Է͵վֱӣɫֽһƣøݣȻŵŮҵˣߣ
ֻϧٶҲֻҲֻǸûĺӣ
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һûзӦԷѾһҵϣ֮⧲˲佫ĵڵأǳָ׻ҵϻ˼ۼš
һӾͱſˣæǰ§ڻȥ档䲻ͣĿţһֱһȻǿĶ
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׼뿪ȻоһǿһȵĻҪߣ˫۰ȴεסңҶáϴصĺѵĿڵ棬ҪߣҪ뿪ҡ
Щŭȴǿѹؿǹŭ˵̫ӵ˵Щеûĺãˣȱ̫ӻ߰ɡ
Ҳߣӽ˱۰ȣһ˿棬ҵģҲߵģ
һɽׯ˵ӽ֮Ǳһҵ߱ҲŲˣ˵Ҫһᡮءұ㽫ĸ浱أ
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ָҵ֫ʼֵĦҼæȥס֣е磬Ҫ
Ǹǵû˶ҵĶɵ˵ǻƽͲ׼

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Ҳشҵ˵ãǾԲܵģʹߣҲֻסҵˣҵȴԶġ
֪һ˵ʹסҲסģ԰ɣ
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ʱվһԵŮ޿ˣ̣ڼҵСӣȥĸ밲ʱһĬ顣
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һһԷСϴԣµķ⽨˼ֲУ˺γĿĲݺɱһ򲻷ŹһļԸ
˵ţ֮ĸʼɸ˽ԣԼġȱ˻ʱϰζ˵ǣĸ׾ȻҲͬһѧϰ
ǱֳɫĽĸÿѧǶϢһʱ䡣ĸ˵ɥ־ҲһΪܳͳߣ㲻ƫ֮ģԽˣ˸Ҫˡ
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˽ͻȻͨһڵأūţūŶлӾ֮ոΪū飬ūſ֣ҲûТ̫ӵˣ

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˽æ͵ūʹȥϢ롣
ȥٻͷһ磬֮һ˺ı飬ܡæعͷȥһĹâ
Ű˽ߵԷԶһ䷿䣬ð˽ȥź磬Լͷ˯һڣҵĹͷӶҪɢˣ˼䣬Ȼ硣
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ҵӶһ£ֻƺ֣ͷһȡǰ龰ԾԼ졣
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͵͵һϹˣɫߺˣ¶ĽϹˣ֪ʲôԣҰͲȥǶأ

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ҲģЦŵڰˣô᲻ң硭
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һԵİ˽ˣۡЦ˼˽֪ԼЩ죬бʣæ治ʤȸˡ
תֻܵ˽ٴδ̫ûȡֹҹУֻһ˿̾
صУҲΪľƸеģ˳һ㲻ʮ壬ǳôʹʹӴĺǿӦҲһùһءҿʼҪΰ־ưˣӳһʮ廹ʮأճǣαؽշأ
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ҵͣǶ֪Ǹ̳ǸûȴžΥֻġЦ
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㣬㣬˵˽е
Ŷ§§浹˵˵˵ˣ
ĻȴӲ§˻ȥ̽е˵˯İƾʲô
Ŷ˵ֻ˵һûæ꣬Ҫ˯ҿû˵ҹҹŶ
⹬ôȥĸ˯аʲô˼¡
Ϸԣոڳʱ˵Ҫޣǲ˯Դ𣿡
ԾЦţЦȴۣգĻг˳еȻͬЩü˳۵ǲͬҪȥЩ˳ȥҸ治ף
ҷӣ׼´ȥֻŴǰԹƮ죬㣬ľô𣿡
һͣסˣǱһ㣬ȫá
ңľô𣿡һӺ潫αסҪȴԽԽҴĵ׺һŭ𣺡ȻҪ㣡
һҸӳȥȴҶ߿ڡ
֪˵ţҶ֪棬ʲôҶ֪ҿԲ²⵽ϲʲôʲôҲ֪ϲ˭
ǣȻô޷˵ȥ棬һǸ˽˰ɣȷ˽ɰһ˲Ӧ˽
ν飬ʲôΪ˶ԷҸҪԼĿ֣Ҫ취ͬԷһ֡鱾˽ģ飬ҸȻԼеġ
ĿУʲôǺõģҪˣȻǺõġȴɵӣŮ˭˵ɼãҪµߣѧᱣԼߵˡ
ҸȻƫҪȫɽ˽ΪУ
Ҷ˶˵ˡ˵֪ϲʲôʲô֪ʲô
ı˵ıƭͬŮ˷ˡԣҲΪԼԼϡĸ顣
ŮֻǵĸƷǿΪ˽εҲҪйҵ˼ȴǴδԼκһˣұңֻҡ
˵˽ģǵģҺ˽˽ͬŮ˷һˣΪʲô£ʲôҲΪ˳ȫ˵ıԼҸ
˵㰮ң˵ͬ粻ͬ㲻ԾҲӵǧ𣿸ߣ㺢ӶѾ߸ˣ
һ٣뿪˵֪һǰøǵɣ֪Ҹոȥʲô
Ҿǰͳͳϵ׿Ĺһ٣İɣԺҲɧˡٲ⣬ұ㽫ͳͳǲɢȥ˵ɺã
ҵԽˣЦ˵磬ʼǺһ㰡ͬ㣬ͬĸʽ㣬ĲͬǣҸ䲻ʲô֮ȴôһ֪
ʲôʱҶϵȨȥɲҵģ㲻̤˵ҸǼܿɳܵ
ǣԾɻ޾ܱ֤һһĶңҪİ飬𣿡
뿪˵Щʲôȴ˽еӣ
粻ͷĽţѾЪ£ʲô
ǰ˽ԲĽеӣǾǰ߰˰챨
󣬽ҵַſел˵
Ҹմ˼˽˽ſڵϽеӣͻͻëǳأѾ׼ҹǡ

һ Է

ҵһʲôͻʾȻʼˣ֮ǰһЩӣҲ˵ͻһ߽һһСֱͣɧı߽磬˭Ҳû뵽ͻʾȻѾתǹͷʼ磡
ˣһֻõҸոɳʮȥ֧Ԯ
ҲһһսǴȫʤҲ˲ٴۡ꯻ϸٵĹң˵ȴǸ½ĹҶѣôӦͻĹأοʮȥ֧Ԯ
üͷһ֪ڷı֡ãʵͻʹδˣ
˽һ֣˵ص£Ѿˡ
üͷһ壬˵ƣȻ˵棬Ϣɣҹ֮ǿҪһӲҪˣ
˵꣬ת뿪ڿյķߺҲû˯Ķô㣬෴ҿʼһ᲻Уҿʼҵ䰲ȫ᲻ܵսвұֺܹԼȥˡ
Ϊǰһ챻ȺӳѣڶԲˣ˭֪˯бҡѡ
ôˣҺܲͷĽеȥûҾͻ˥ˡ
һԼĽеӣӣѣ
ôˣǿѹһʵʲôôţ
ӣ̫̫̫ˣ
ҵ۾͵ſʲô̫ˣﰵţҽ֮ʱѩ̽͵컻մ˽ĿҲΪ˱ңҪ˵ϢȴպסҽϢ
Է̫ҵĸռȻѾ֪ڹʵֲѡһֻ۱һֻۣ߲ƣҿɵôúӦš
æѸʰһ£ʱִ̫٣Ҳױ·ҲǴƫİɫۣҴææĺ³ȥӭӸԷ̫ĵ
߳ȥʱ򣬸ԷһūѾͷѾִҵСԺ棬Ǹ߰ԾͬһȻڲסıӵҲûб
ҵͷһݣ˸򵥵˵̫򸣡
ԷɫЩ̶͸Ժӣ̫ﻹа˼𣿽ȴûе밲̫òΪԼѾĹĸ˰ɣ
ǿѹ˶һƻҪ֪ҿǴ˯бİ ڻҪܱô䳰ȷܱסѻҶЩԼˡ
Ϊβ˵̫һ𣿡ԷٴδͻȻ뵽˵Сͱ ȨĹνġȨҵһֻСڽ¡
ǳ嶯Ƣַ̧ͷҶ¶õЦݣ˵̫ĳ̫ûʸʲôĸ̫Ҫٺˡ
ô˵ɫȻһ䣬ǵ¶ɣ㲻䱾̡ôȴ˵˵ҪӶϳȥ
棬󹬵¼ʱֵˣ
û˿ɣȫһ̬֮ͥƻ󹬺г槼榡
ЦЦԣһЩֱһٳвʣ̫ܵǰȥһ״ֻԭĸģ˭֪ȴø߸ϵ̫·ҵ٣֪Ѿڹʵ
ⱨ湻Ĳġ
ҿʼѰ˼˭ڱҴôƵСЬһ뵽ıĸ׿ţǱ׿ơк˹ƵԷĻǵĽһĸ
Է࣬˵ƹԣҪѧҪԼ˵ӺвĽˣ֮졣
˵һ仰ʱָҵķġ
һ㶣ǲ⡣
Էڵ棬㲻װ޹ˡΪҲ֪ô㱳ߥ̫պϴ䣬ҪŮΪŮۣΪҲ֪ô
װߣⲻʵǶЩע⣬ȻҲѾͷȷʵЩͱ˶òԹɫɼĸ֮ĳǸ
ΪŮߣӸӷƽΪ¡ȴŮ˶Ŀػв֮ģЩ޳ܵľٶͬǼĸ׶һıɣ
󼸾仰ҵĻһð˳˵Ҿϲԣ˵˽ҲνǿĪеѣ˵ҵŮ˵ҵĸףұҲڶ
̧ͷпʼЩĹâӲĽ˻ȥֱͷ˵̫´˻˵ΪһĸȴԼǰٰŮӣ˵Щ֮ļٻҪԷĸŮʣЫĳοĸ£ɽ
۾̺øӿָ꣬ˣˣ㾹ͬ˵Ҫ֪ײĺˣȥӽڣ˳Ůӽһӽȥ㳢ⱻЫɵζ
￪ʼ£氡棬ҪһʱĿڿأŲӽڣҼǶĵĶˣʹҶѾܲҵŮأοҲû͸
ĥ̫ջĳʱһϤҵĶʣҴδ˻飬Ҳûϵнľ档
ҹڵϣЩȻȴǸ߸ϣ׿˹һУΪ顣·֮ǰݺ˺˿ȴԵ±Թһ㡣
ĸϢŭ򲻿ɱ
̶㶼ҪôĪҪ߱ѾŮһⶼû˰ɣ

һһʮ 

Ƿâδ˿˵ĸĪҪŭŮһҶλŮĺ£Ůù
ֻͻëڣΪŮˣ⣬򲻿ڴ˿̶ֺ
ĸһ룬һŮ˵ݺ£Ȼ˳ɵðչģŮͬСүԨԴǹؼʱ̣ͬнף̫ӿѶԴŮڴǧһ֮ʣĸͬʵܻǲҪΪôһŮִӰ͡
֪ĸɾŮ֮ɼмֵ
Է΢Щĸµ̫沿ôı鶼һ˲ָĬȻ̬ͬĴľһ㡣
££ѩ̵˺һᣬ³һ䣺̶Ϊ㲻жأ
ѩ̵͵һֻûʲô仯һݣĸˣŮнһжǶĸĽ̵ŮҾӹ
Է¶Цݣת߰ң˵۾˶֮ˣҰѾͷղǰ򶨣Ѳ⼤ŭң
Ҹ㣬ҲôȥģһӢĹˣ
һ亹ޣʲôҰѹµĲУղҹǶ򶨣Ѿɵˣ֪Ӧˡ
룬ܺܶ཭򶨵ſܶôġҲǲûжôȻֻһʱɵۣ֪ǺáҲУָոպõ˾ǰȡͷȴɾ򶨳ȵӢ
ҲЦϲԷҲⰡɵãһԷͬ־϶ȷһթӳǸŮˡ
Է·¶ʽЦݣ˵ˣ̫˶ػ̫̤ԺӰ벽
￩һ찡ѵҪˣôӲ
Է˦һۺ󣬶ѩ˵̶㸺š
ѩ̹˸˵ĸģ̶һĸʧĸ󡣡
һȺ˺ƺƵľô뿪ҵСԺӣ˿˵黢ڹһ㶼ùѡһ𲻽ǷǳǵİţǰȴƮһĨ̵ա
̧ͷ۵ҿǲ֪Ϊʲôȴô˿̵ѩôƽ԰һμ
ҫ۵òԽһйâ
վƽʵΪʲôҪң
ȥûֱӻشҵ⣬ǻ˵ܶ飬
ͬĸ˵ҪݣȻˣﶼɹȻǺҵı⻹Ҫġ
㲻һڼôΪҲôĶأ
һ£˵磬뵽˵ı飬ЩʹС
ҳϣʼҪ㡣ɺ㸶˶٣Լѵһ㶼ܲô
ΪȻϣɼĺܶ顣
Ҳǿ͸ҵһ㣬˵֣ҺôҲĹҲҪһЩԼߡ
ҪҷҲôȵĻˡ
ҳĬһᣬ˼֮󣬿ڵΪ磬Բҵģ
عͷ¶ǵЦݣҼѩЦˣĶ˵ӦһҪˣҪչ˺Σʼҵܵܡ
һʵ˵ĿṆ̀
ԾȵңȻƽ˵̶ͬ˵ˣɼѾ϶Ҫˡ
Ҷô㣬ȴҲȥˡ
ãҹʵ㵽Ϊң
ȻһЦûлشҵ⣬ֻԾ˵һ仰ܶ飬
ãֿڵ֮֮£˭̫Ƶأ
Ҳ˵ǸƵĺӣѾ˶ˡ
룬һ׿ȥĸ߽ͷ԰ɣЦ쳣Ҳشֽ˵˵ˣܶ飬㿴ƣΪĸȥܡ
Ȼʵȴ
Ҹĸ밲뿪ʱƼϹ˴һȥ̫밲˵׿̫Ӷ˰ӣǰȥ밲
׿ȷʵ̫ѵһǣλȭյļôĴأ
ζƿһ㣬һʱ侹˵ʲôζϹˣôϹأǰ飬ǰģҲĿɰͬһ̳ܽ˹ɵŮأ
ѩ˵ôҲǣ󹬵սԶԶЩССҪĶࡣ⹬Ĳο͵ģƵġ
㲻ƱˣҲ㡣⣬֮
ЩܽܣЦͽˣӣˡ㵹Ҳõģ»ʵһ֪Ϲ˶Ȼк³ġ
͵һѩ˵ô찡ССûĸװ
ѩ˵һ仰󣬱ת뿪ԺӡҪ߳ſڣҺסѩ̣ңôġǲ㺦ģ
˵ȥԾ󺰵ǶأԶ飬ûһ㶯ģ
彩סˣվ˺ܾãӰƺ΢Щ鴤ҲĵȴĻش
Ȼʲôû˵ãֱ߳ҵıԺʧҵҰ

һһʮһ  ߱£һ

ҲûһҶеĸо
˶ϵŮ󣬿˭ֻ뵽ʵֻǸˣһκжһˡ
ҵĸף𾴣λߵŮˡǰΨһĻҡ˵Ůӣҵĸ׺Ϯ
ȻĸȴǼ䲻ԸŮ˵ֵģͬĸȡϡǵڻ԰ᵽϮĹ֮ұҲûмǸˡҲ֪Ƿ񻹻ϣȴҵʧˡ
ҵӡУҼûмԼĸס˵Ҹճʱ򣬸׵֪ǸŮһ۶ûпұתˡ
˵һθͬĸ׳ܣĸ׺ݺݵˤ˵ϣޣȲϮ۵λ㲻ϮǻʵΪܰң
ӣҲܺú÷㡣ȻǮޣͬǮһһ
ĸǴûпޣֻһβ裬˵ǽ׵Ĳβպȵһ룬㴫ǰ߸漱ľ
һ죬սϡţ꯵Ϊʧȥ˧һͿء
ĸյϢʰװҹ뿪˾ǡ̽ӻرʱʵ۴ĸ׵ɫҪ׽ĸסǣĸױɾ˸ȥֵ׷
˵Ǿ˸ʵϮֵܣĸֻ˵ͬĸ˸мȥ޻ء
ڵУ̵Ļķȵ屧ңͣĸҵļ̣϶õˡ
ҳĸܵ׵ңҶڱСĸףȥտ
ҲǸŮˡţةŮ䲻ĸòȴĸ׶˼ֳĽ̬˵ʱҲ谮һʱգֻǣʱձ꼻ʢҪݡ
̽չ˵ķǳܵͬչԼĺһҲӵģֻһͬĸһ԰ʱˤû˺ӡӴˣ̱ûٵó
ĸУٵһصķӣ㽫˰ͬסСȻط󣬵ȴʮֿÿճһȥĸ밲еʱ䶼ͬһСС¿ĵˣ
ֱգҵҰ
ԶǵҵĽƴĿ޺ġһеһУвȥĸ׷߰ʾ
ҽеһϣٴγֵʱѾǵʲôֵȥֹң˵ҲǸĺӣѵڴͷҪҺúչԼ׵ܵһ㡣
ڶգĸ׳ǸСĮ͸¶ԼǵõʱһԷң˵ôûõŮˣҲҵŮߣ
ҵʱɵۣڵأ̵ɫɷףĸױĵ˵͸˵ˣ֮䣬һʤߣ
ҪЦţЩҶ˿ޣ
ĸ˵꣬˵䣬ǲǾĸײ飿
ҶŲһشȴͻȻЦˣǣǿԲ̵ûи顣ֻҲƿر˵ܽбġ
ϵֻ֣һǱģһ˱˵ġ
Ҫأ
ųҪ˵ֻ󲻶ϵĽҵ֣ϵ˵ŲҪȻеԽǴȴԽǻ뵽˺ۡǣӲͷƤ˵ߡ
ĸ׵ЦصС͸޾а
̾ĵڴϣ￪ʼžӨĹâ
ұͬһ𣬿ʼܸߵȵĽѧıԣѧĲɣ书ҽҪѧϰֻ룬Լ˺ҵ˶õӦõ³
ʮʱ͵һ˴ѧϰ书ıԡ֪᲻Һ̣ĸΪǣ뿪
뿪Ǹ죬Ҳ뿪ҡںķѩУұ̵ʬȴûһᡣҲܿޣԿޡΪĸ˵Ǵݻһʤ
֮ǰԸǣҪչ˺ҽ֮󣬱ȥͬĸ˵ȥӦ
ĸ¶͵ı飬ҴδйĺôҵļУĸĸһЦݡҲ˶ֻһӡʹӣҲܱô
ǣҾ˾ɽׯĴšҵһμ˴˵СǸŮˡŮ
֮ǰĸװǸŮ˵ĹϵǸŮˣĸ׵һСĵλòǻۣĸҫࡣĸԭķΥµ顪˽
ĸ˵ͬĸáǸŮǻҵĳ裬ĳ衣
ĸ׸ңǸŮˣиܺúܺõɷڵҲи۰ҵĸסԼĸ׵òǲ塣
һ㣬ҸոսɽׯұѾȻ
߾Ըĳ谮ֱУҵĵֻıŮĽǲʣƾʲôƾʲôûеȴ׵ӵУⱾҵĸףҵõĳ谮ȴʲôûСһҪūյչӡ
׵ľͶ˸ʮ֡ͬĸұǸŮˡŮѩ̡ʱĸ׾Ȼᣬ˵ҲԺͽ̶ɡû뵽Ĳɻ
Ӵˣұµ֣ѩ̡

һһʮ  ߱£

ɽׯֻֻĵĶҺáҲֻҲһп޵ˡ
Ӳҵū澿ÿμҶ¶Ц ÿͬ˵ʱҲǫ͡
ھɽׯǺңģһȣҶԼݡ
ǵģϲĵĸоһҵǧʱҾұĹҴɶǧϻʱṦȴʩչΣĻлһɶ
˫ңĶ˵ҪСŶôߣˤ˿ô찡
ǶôĺǻһбĸоǣҿʼעʼڶѰӰʼԾҪ֪Щʲôĵףǻ֮ȥĵЦ
ҿʼĳԣϸĵӡҶôϣͨĹӺѾͷΪԼŮˣҲá
ȻÿÿնҽĻȴֻһǿĻѹԶΧתйâȫΪҫ
һǵ£˧ĲŲõЦݣ˵ѩ̣֪ҵһμ棬ҵȫӰҸȻģһҪȢΪޣҪԶĵ
仰ʱֱǱһ㣬֪ڵѪʲôζˣһҪӲͷƤܼ޸Ů˵ĸһ³ɡ
˵Ŀң˵ѩ̣Ůӣ
Ҳ֪αĴʲôֵýģҲҪҪкãҵĸײΪŮȻҲΪԸͷ棬Ȣš
ĸ׶Ϯĺˡһе㶼һڣβȥأ
ò漴ɣͬҲֻǸδɵĻëѾͷ۲ǣұô飬ܵĸĽݣֻǸ˽ŮҲ˳ĹΪʲôΪʲôһҲģĲġ
䱻İ򣬲ԼŬȡĸ˵ĶԣҪԼŬӮøȻġҲֻܿԼܸ档
ǣĽϣұһսģöӶҲĿҲΪĸ׵ĴһЩ̵档
ħŮͬĸҵģøģȴΪ棬һܶø˷ͷǿɶĸ߳ȻȻ˵ʲôʹǳأ֦Ļ˻ʵҺ޵ҧгݡ
û뵽ǣӾȻΪѾͷָ˸ɰǺɰǼĽּʣҶôϣǺɰ͸ҵġ˺۵ָۼˣæĸõҩĨϡ
ǿɶѾͷ⻹꣬öȥʲô֥㣬ӲԶĲ֥㣬һ۵ľͽȫ͸ңʮգֲҵŶӵ淢ġ
Ȼϰɣүһ龧Ө͸Ϊ˵ǴȻģر塣ҿϲȥ֣ȴģĶϸңҲ֪Ҫǿ鱦͸棡
ɺ޸յʱں˵Ҫ͸ңҵɫѾʼˣܸоͻͻȴֻ˵䣺Ӳá
棬Ӳã㾿ǲ
ģҪ˺ҵ˱ܸˣԣĸ׵İҪ취޸߳ȻʱȻЩԥһ뵽Ÿ߳ȻȴǹòȻʱ ǹŭȽȽ
ĸ֪߳Ȼǻʸҵĺˣ֪ʱӢѰһʸΪ˳䡣ǱӢҵ߳ȻӢпһɢɳһ֧޼᲻ݵĲӡ
ͬ߳ȻϣպܽΪһ壬Ӣᱻɡ
֪ĸ׵ʹ£ѾԸ߳Ȼ͸ֱˡҼѪâ֮ĸ״˾Ϊպ󹮹Ȩ»ҪһŮӣԼҸȥ޸һϲˣһҪԼϲԣǶôΰ
ĸ׵ǲΥģֱʧȥǣһŭ֮£Ҿ޸߳Ȼ
Ҳһľ
Ϊ˼޸߳ȻҲϧ˵̵Ů𾪣Ҳûһᱰɵ̶ȥáûа취һ¶˾ģұһҪﵽĿġ
ҼǵһգǲҽŮ˵˸档ҲûôҲ֪˭˸Ů˵飬ҽЩԸĸ飬ѾԶԶǵԼ˵ȥԻô򵥡
ȰЩܱ˽˸ƻ˴¡ЦŶ˵Ҹ㲻ͬȻĶҶںȴʼղ˺û뵽̶ãѵûжں𣿡
ĻصĴҵϣºҵǸںˡҶĸ鲻ǰ飬ȴֿĸܵǿŰݵġ
ǸڵҹǷĽоԽ֮ʱȴҵǰҵĻʺѪҺȾʪĳۣҲȾʪҵۿ
ѪϤЦݣĶЦţĺң̶ϲҵ˵ҪԶ̶
Ҫʱ̳ߣĬĬңΪҸԸǲɢһ檣Ըһ书ϲ˵ıǣ̶Զġ
ǣȴԶҲˡ
飬Թ

һһʮ Զ

û˻ԤϵڵͻڼʱͻȻתǹڣı߾Զǡ
Զλúĳǳأλ硢Ӣ֮罨֮ǰӢ쵼֮£ȴѱСͻʽıɽ͹ԶǣǲζţͻҲӵľƷһأ
ἰԶǣҲǸҺĵطǵǰͬһͬΪѰҡҼĽҩʱȥԶǡʶƷƷңãҲұˣյ
ҸпŹȥӣͬʱΪԼľнʱϤӰֳҵߡʱݣĸҵϣúӲңֱȫѡ㲵Ӳ԰ޱȡ
棬档ţͬں߳һϤĸҥ
ǰսˣĵ
һҵĶߺȵԽĺܣȥһߣͬսʿһԿͻë
ҰĦ˵Ļãð˳棬ͬһȥɣ
ҵһ£ȫûﾹȻð仰һʱδӦңҲ֪˵Щʲô
Ҳ˵ḧ˸ҵļȵ˵ǽھǣҲұ֤ĸ߱Ӷ㲻ʲô˼߰ɣҵߣܻȫ棬㲻ú£ЩͻëڣѪжҲǷ֮ҶЩëϳԭռһɽӣ
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ֻһЩÿֺúõļÿһƷ𣿡
½ӹЩΣ˵СİɣһѻģÿĶġ
ҵͷƻл˵ȴ£Цʵ£ʲôҪ˵𣿡
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ҵüͷһ̶˵£̫뿪⹬һж˵㣬տáΪϹ˵Ů㵡ҪͬԴһ֪𣿡
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治ɫĽЩһһ˻ȥЦ֡
ҲЦЦ֪ĵϣӵġ
ԶǵطҪȣȴδһ˿綯ѾԶפһˣͻʱżͻϮսʿ˻ȥҲʲô̫ĶԲӦ䡣
Ҽĵһ磬ȴΪһ̬֮͡ұ֪˭»мŮֽ̬أ
㣬ң뵽ÿడ
ƷңһѽڻҲ˲ȣˮҵϣʪ͸ҵ½
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Ʒңˮʵĵһ仰ǣ㣬̫ͬһǸڻ¶ˮȹȵ׸׽ө𣿡

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ҵһӾݷĵһֱԸ˰ٴλŧǸȾһЩܲס
㣬ѽǸһɶ𣿡
ҵͷʹ½ǣȥ̧ͷɵС֣Ҳָ⣬̧ͷֻԼ𣿡
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ҵͷмǣǿʼµĻ⣬ʼͬҽװκ۰ʷԭƷңĸĸͬκĻ£Ҿ˵κԭж׵Ķ󣬿ҲİȴǼᶨҪһġһȻ֮κƷңЧҵĸĸ˽ˡ
ǰңµĺۼѾ۵Сóġ仹ҵңȴоȹȥɳ࣬˵п˵ĽĽԼ˳˼أĽϲ˿Ϊ׿һС
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ӣκҵȫκΪϱҲû˵ǵǷǣţ֯ŮĻ񻭳ǵģǽֵı֪֪طοɸİ¡
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Цңʲôʵģʰɡ
ͷЦʵ㣬ŽҲһŮ
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һŵ̫谮òЩĶǣ谮ǽŮտ̫ӶŮ谮мӣŮѾּ̫󣬽ΪңʱΪҽκ̫ӵ̫ܵҽȫƳȥնףд£
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㣬̫ľô𣿡
Ʒң⻰Ӻ˵أҲʵ
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ЦҡҡͷԭΪ°˵ˣʵǸӰʼվҺĹϵϲ԰Ρ
Ļû˵꣬ŵС˵ҲܺɣΪʲôһأ
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ǵã˹ȵ׵ʱ£ʱҼһӢˬӣºиɾ䡣ĵͬ˵ҵϲǸˣ˵Ҫһͬһ
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˵ٴȥʱѾ̫ͬסóǵйˡ˴յϢĪٳޡܽǣս³Խʱ򣬻̲סȥһóǵйҪԽ
̫ȴѹͲͬȥġţ̫˵㲻ž֪ͬǰȴⲻ㡣ȴõĴѾͷ仨԰һƣֻиȥʱѨֹǿнߡ
ﻹ˵ô࣬Ϊ˼һӦˡǵͬһյĹ仨԰ʱĶˡవҪӳЩӽߵĻᶼûУͱɱˡ
֪ʱжô㲣ʱûɣ֪һ¿һҼʱԼһҲûΣͷҲҵĺܣȵԺֻﻹͣĺţ棬桯
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ΣֻдӦ㣬˵ôֻ࣬Ľǽ㣬ѵ벻ʱ龰
˵ӣҿ˶ᣬοأڶԽĲ𣿡

һһʮ ļ

ԥǲ˵ǺѸľǸˣڻûаʱԷΪĵʱûΪչǽüͷʱûΪů͵ķ ȵʱûΪȥһ磿
ҵ￪ʼЩӿҸ뿪ڵʱȴôȵ˵ʲô˵ô𾢰
ҺƷңϽƷң΢һæڵûУƷң̸ҵӣʮֿɰӡ
ᵽӣıǰδеǰֽԺĶƷң˵ŶӣǺǣǵŮҲǸʮֿɰĺءÿҵʱ򣬶ιҵ½ǡ
ЦŵģͬĴ紵صĻҵͻȻů֪ΪʲôͻȻһּҵĸоҵĸˣͬڱϹȥĻСƵġ
ʹҡҡͷʲôñһҲˡ
Ʒң·ϣʲôһʣ㣬̫ͬӵŮ˰Ҹղ̫Ѿеˣ
ҵͷ˵Ѿء
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һ£ݣۡһЦ˳ҵЦƷңЩĪֻԼԴŵЦݣʵĶ˵ʵ䲻Ů
Ʒң۾ʱɵñţۻ뿪סҵ֣۾ƺ⣬˵û뵽̫ӵ֮ΪĺӶϰŸƷңǵ͹˽̫ӵĸ鰡
ЩЦãæ͵ңˣŮҼġ
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һصԺʱĵЦȻˮһ㣬ӶҵϣҸеһƬ˸СЩ飬̧ͷ
Ҽæ̵ֻɢ棬ͬƷң˵ʲôôģ
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ִױ̨ͳѾõġ¡ϵھ䣬ԾȥǺǱ΢СĻȡ
ҳŵʱ粢ҵԺһճ˲Զʱ˺סҡ
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ʱɡֽģ˹ȴԭ˿ĻӦõɡϣȷʵоͷ԰
˽乧Ľɡϣɡϰ£ζ
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˵顣֪ΪΣ޹ﲻͣĻҵġ
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Щסӣ齫°ʱұġʱ磬ǶĴʦ֣
˳ӽŵС·ȥη˵Ǹ˾ҡЩˡ֪ΪΣԽҪӽյʱȴһˡһ룬뵽е˿ɡǹھֹ֮סӿļ䡣
ҵĲԽԽͣԭءͻȻ뵽ͬض֮ʱǷҵһ뵽Ǿı飬ͣסˣֻһ˲תҴķȥ

һһʮ ͻϮԶ

Ҫܶĳ嶯١Ҳ֪ôǶԻǲԣҲ֪㲻ǵСȴʼղһ֪ΪΣ̤ӵһ̣ﷴࡣ
ηѾ뿪ˣżЩũҵﷺһعͷȥٿӵĴţȴǻһ㡣
ʱȴ䡱һһҵĻζұһͻһůĻ
һϤζӿҵıǻʶ۽Щģν§ڻڣƺδйһ㡣
ʲôˣҿʵ
ͻʱϮˡϰԵǴïüͷû뵽γˡŴڡҪˡ
Ŵ ֮ǰҲ˵ͻ·ĴڣҪ֮ǰĴϺüʱ绹˵ͻԡŴڡ磬ֻֿܵ¡ֻǺ̽ӻر˵ִڻδ͸пǹ֧߻˵Լˡ
˵ͻ˲ɵµģǣ˭ûн⵵·ϡǣ죬ͻʰô֮ǾȻóŴڡ硣ӣȺԼԲ˵ķӣ
§ңһԵſ£Ȼļҵϡ
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˭֪ߵ˰·ȴиɵѾͷ̣ͣͣ˿ûʲôӡˬ졣Ȼתߣһ͸ˡ˭ϵɱͻʹϮǣ
ЩжҲЩᣬ֪뿪˲һܣȴĬĬĸҵֱҷΣղųҡ
ҡͻȻ֪Ҫ˵Щʲôʱһֱкܶ໰˵ģȴˡ
ʲôҲ˵档ʹ§§ңңѾˡֻټˡ
ҵͷСֹұôġ
ͻȻоһʹӾ䴫ԭҲϺݺݵҧһڣ໵Ľг΢ŭʲô
ҵľ䣬Ц˵ĵŮˣӱͷһҸ㣬ӮˣˡҴ˿֪ˣӮ£ûҲûа˼ġ
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Ҵĵ׷һ⣬仰Ҳ˵ұΪǻ᲻ͬ磬ͷȨƱҪ
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ⷬ𲵳ǽƱ˵Ұͷͬ˵磬Ҳ˵ƽͬǰҸߵʱҹƽ
ǧ˳ԵȴĽ֣ҵõƽʤˣܵҵĵȥҫȥʾҵõҹƽ𣿡
ȵĿңƺ֪鱳ôص顣
桭ҵ
Ҫҵ֣˿Ҳͬ˵ʲôˡǵģҵˣ㲻Ǹרҵˣ磬ļ̳ˡʼߵ˽ľ棬Ҳزǰˣ
Բ𡣡͵͵ͬһ׿ʫ衣Ҫظ׵ұҵľӲػҵҵĹҡ
ҡҡͷж־ڱⲻĴԣҪأȴ޷ͬŮ˷㣬עֻܵ
ƿվ˵پÿǷʲôˣ֮仹ڵģԶĻˡ
˵꣬ҳȥںҵ֣棬Σգ
ûҲûǷΣգֻͷųʹܡͻȻǻʲôƵģͷϵ˿ϳءҶһԭڷż
ʶǳȺӵļʱѾЩ̫Ƿļͬǻһ㣬ҵϮǳء
Сģ棡ϤӰٴν˵Щյµ˵ˣ𣿡
ѹϣѹҶãҸеؿһȣȥȴһƬʺ죬̧ͷ磬ʱˣԭҵǷļѾ̽壬ҴĽе磬һѰ磬㲻ҪŻң
ʹҡۣǿ۽ǵˮе磬ˣһûԭأ㲻׼뿪ңûУ
ЦˣϤЦһǰаȵ۾ȴһ崿˵ģû¡˵ţһŶҵϸһԭǸӡֶ˵Ӧǡ
˵꣬ٴСҽӺĴţǴ̶ص֮䣬ͬһУе顣

һһʮ 

ҾͻȻһֱ۵뷨ͬôⳡ᲻Ҳһֽأ
ͻȻúܿЦô뷨أֱʶЩ˲Ż뵽ġ
ҽαڻڣʱ˿̣Ҿֻ뱣ҪһȥΪֻȥҲлȥϣ
Ǽ䣬һȺ˴Ϊ׵ðɫɴȴϵɴͷߵġ
ѸٵĽҺɿܽһéڡһ£Ⱥ˱㽫ΧסֻڴػˣҲһ֧ɽΪСүҪֵһ̣
Ⱥʿ߰ĺǣ
ϸƣȻ˵ĪҪģԷļûжֻһ̫뼰罫γԷ⡣
ļʵ˴ǣǾμɣ
黹δüشңʱȴһΣȽҵйɡ
ҵȻһΧİҲŽ˫Ҳ¶ȻҵǲͬģΪ˵Ҳ̫ϤϤÿȵİ׿ˮһ
̧ͷȥֻû뵽Ҳһ˵֪ʱ˿վǰӶҪϴͳġĵ̣Լ˵Ѿһܴвˡ
ڵҲЩԥʲôõʱٶ˵İɣѣôð֮ȥ˺Сүأο˵ʱԵһ٣۹˵Ҵһʼ֪ǵ٣ʲôģˣҪȵ˿𣿡
ôһ˵뿪̧ͷͬӶ˸šԭԭʲôֻ֪ǹ ⲻȥң˵ǹҪ̽ҡͻȻһɬӿļ䡣˻±˽ҴһҲʱĻġ
ͻȻ˽˿ɡʱ򣬹һ䣺̫ȥ𣿡仰ܿԸ˵ģĿıҪ֪յɡ󣬻᲻˼ҵĸ硣
ͻȻԼŪһ㣬ֲθҾͻһѿأ뵽翴Ȼᶨȥʱһú˰ɡֱϲĸоҲйġ
ʩˡ磬Բ𡣴ҲעҪ͸ģҲҲעҪ͸ġ
棬㵽˿Ҳ𣿡ٴƺžΣƺ˵ĵ޷ı
ЩΪݣǶ˵ͷˣĻʲô⣬ԸȪ
˿̣ǻҪȡʱ䣬콫γǣԣйҲ֧һʱ䡣ʱ䣬˻ҪԮҲᰤùѹء
ĴĦһ£Ȼ˵ͷͷȺ˼ͷˣҲиܶࡣ
Ƿеı̧磬һйٵķɱšҪЯһͬߣȴǰ鹧˵˻ȥСүգԵػġ
鿴һۣȻߵʦֶϱɱԴʦֶȥˡ
ȴû˿ãҵǰᶨ˵ֻ̫ûʲô˵ʦֶϱǰȥӡֻ֤ҵ˲¶֣ͻӣû˵ᱣСү
ǵɫֳǿŭ⣬˫ֱȭȻǰȥ׷ǡ濴ңһ仰Ҳ˵
˿̵龰ʮ֣Ҳ֪˵ʲôá찡Ϊһ֮ҪεĲ֪˵ʲôõأ
ͻȻסңһ仰Ҳ˵קҳйķɱ֪ʱһ˵Щʲôİɣҽʾ֭Ҳ֪ģðһ䣺磬㲻Ҫôףôһ飬ġ
仰˵֮ԸоոˣҵЩʲôҲû˵ֻñĺһ
ʵڲ֪˵ʲôˣǱֻѡĬ֪Ĭõڷŵʱܶ಻ĵĻ䡣ϣҲ˰ɡ
Ҫӽйʱ罫§˻Щ˫ȴȸղŸΪνġ¡Ҳȥ§ڻ
ƮΪҪͷ
Ĳ̫Уƺû뵽ؿôһ仰ҷʵ˵ʲô
ȸոࣺΪҪͷ
ȷ仰ʱ֪Ҫλشˡ
㣬ΪҪͷȻѾѡȥΪλҪڰ·ͷأȻ㶼ѾҪ֮ˣΪȴµȼҵϣ
һֱңЩȡ
ǣһֱ㡣ƷңҪҪʱҶֻ֪Լҿѡһѡ
֪𣿵˿ɡһɲǣҶôϣܻͷȥµģȴĲվң֪ҵʱжôѹ
ҵͷʲôҲ˵Ҳ˵κλ
棬ңΪҪͷ㿴ҵ۾شңͷûһ˿ΪңеĶңһҪҵ𰸡

һһʮ 

ұʵЩ£ʵ˵һͷûΪԭҳһġһȴҲܳΪҽͬһɣԥţ֪νǵ˵ס
˼䣬Ѿִйˣһ佫Ѹǰ˵̫ӣʮΣͻʱѾȫҾֵֵ˶ˡ
ɫһǸոͬҽϾ̱侲̫ӵ¡佫һۣɫЩá
һ䣬ʵʲôҪ˵ģһ˵ˣ
˱ȭͷ˵̫ӣͻʱų˵ĿģһСүڳڣҪȥҪЮ»ʵۣ
ʲôķ쳣˵ȥ
Ļǹ˵Ҫ̫ͻʡ
һȣʲôҴͻʣƾʲôǻͻʰⶼĸİ
ıǱɫȻ̹ǵĺһ㣬ûаָ飬ȴܽ˵Ĵ̴һ㣺ΪʲôҪ̫
֧֧˰죬˵̫ӣūŲ֪ūŲ룬̫Ů⣬֮ӵЩͻһ
֪ˡĻȥ ҪǰȥͬʿͬԵУ̸׼
̫ӣ佫Լˣǰקס˵̫ĪҪ嶯ͻǱͣԳ֮˻ͼ
û˵ʲô?ҵҪЩͻëʲôϵĶߣˣҪǰȥ
Щʿ˼ֻѸϵȿףһб֮ͷ˵Ƚȥɣһʲô飬һһʱߵġסʲô˶ҪţֻҪͬһͺܰȫ
ҵͷʾ֪ˣ̫Ļں޷˵˿ҲֻһоڲˡҳЦЦĳһ䣺磬Сġ
ıһͣŶ¶ǴЦݣҵͷ֣࣬صĶʲôŵƵġ
Ȼһ佫йſڡӢıӰϦȾա
Ŀֱ޳ıӰʧУתõİСȺ˼ң׷ʩǡҳǵͷֱߵվ紲ߵԡ
ʦˣСʵ
ôƺ΢ЩסȻҡͷ˵û뵽㻽һ䡮ʦˣȴڴʱ
ҲǰǰܿЦͷûһ滽ʦĵףʵҲڴȵһνġʦֶϱĲա
˶٣ȥͷĸˣȻ˵СүѾûдˣֻæԻָĽ
ֻиؼ£ʱڲܻζѪֱ˼ʱʦڴҲΪˡ
ʱͻȻ뵽ִһҲҪƽСʱЩͷģŴʱ͵ִ˵Сʱ˵ҪʱҲҲһѧġ
ǣȴЩǡʱҲƽʱǷǳݵģսѾǲֹۣҺܵľܷŵʱ֮
ͷϲϵĺ飬ӣΪøɾܷ촽ʱĳƤұøɾմˮʪ󴽲
һԵɳ̣ҵİ֪ΡŹʱң濪ʼҲЩ죬ƺ˻ˣðػ磬Լȥһ̽
߳ңȴֻʿأйﲻϵͰæץסһʵ̫أ
档һϤĺұֻ̫΢תȴϤޱȲ԰ס类õ̧ţѾѪ߰ߡ
ҵû⣬æ˹ȥʵ磬ôŪû˵ķΣ
ҡȿȡ˵ȴһѹסҪ˵Ļ
һԵ佫˵̫ʿ䣬Žʿƴǳءͻʱ̫̫ͣܵ˺ȳ˻
ͻʱ˵һҪ°̫̫ӱ㼱æȳ̫뿪̫˵ĺأҽ˵̫ҽѾפˣǱ̳˵̫ҽҽ̫ӣ˻
һů֪֯Ǹмᡣץסҵ˵棬ߣһᱣġߣҪˡ
ҵˮ֪۽ҽץ֣ЦŶ˵ãҸߣ㲻Ҫġ
룬ЦһѿЦ˰ɡ
ҳһֻ֣ĨϵˮЦֵʳָѸľһ㡣ǸѨôΨһûеѨ
̱ƺڶҿһƭʵ
վЩ佫˵ڽʿ̫ˣùе̫ҽҽΣͻʱͣҾҲǶԷĶ֣δйȼ˱õ顣
Щʿҵɴĺ 
˽ҳܵǰ˵ӣͬһ߰ɣ
Цҡҡͷ˵ͻҪңֻǵעǲȥ׷ǡСүڴ˵أ豣֤İȫ뿪
ǣӡ˽仹˵ʲôæ˽䣬㻹Ҫչ̫ӣ̫ӵƲܵ飬̣ӪҡסһҪ̫ڲźá
˽˵áϵޱ࣬Ǵֵľء

һһʮ Σ

ʱ룬ҵеһָôһ£˵Ӧ൱ԺˣʵȴоͷƤ顣
ⲻǾǵҲھҵѡͬ뿪ҲζҺпҪսҵ
˽صĸҿ˸ͷ˵ţ̫ء
Ұڰ֣Ͻߣ˵ȥ׼ҵҪˣ˵һҡ͸ء˽Ҳæʿ̳ˡ
ģ́ŵɫɷףȴֱֱĿңƺܲľô̧ߣҲƺڶݺݿҡֱͳͳ뿪ҵ۾ʼնЩȥıӰЩ˵ѹ
תңЩѾˣԽİöͷĺ顣ǰӹӣʵʦжòŵʱ
˿һԵ˵ŻҪʱ
ҵͷȻ˵ʦΣ˿Ҫƽӣ٣ǱҪҵĺ
˵ͷ˵֮ǰҲСүἰĲıԣҲգһСүţҲͬôġ
˵ǷһʯͷԭµľǿͷҵĹı֤ұԴ󵨽ҵ뷨˵ˡ
ʦһصй˵עǱʱһӺߣ
򲻿ɣæҵĻҪϷ뿪㲻ͬСүҲ˽˵
Ҳ˵жôҪغҵҲСүĿеĵλΣգҴδʶҲܽһ޸֮Ůڴ˵أ֮ڣ
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֪ǷִӢͬЩսʱڵĸսʿеһƴؼǳĴ壬ܾŮΪĳ裬һ̼ˡ
æ˵ʦղŲ˵һжҰôҪԣ
ĪҪ˵ˣϷղ˵İţû뵽ôһüƲߣСүмѣû뵽ԴҲֻѣ
ЩżţͷͲҰѻ˵ֲʦֶ㾴Զ֮һ֮˱˷ԵȨǲ˵Ҫ˵Ļ㺹գ
ǵͨ죬ɫףǵ֣һԵİҲԾŵգ׷ײĿǡ
һ˦֣ǸƵĶ˵ã˵գҵҪʲôͬ⡣
ɤӣʦ˼ƲҪȥҪӶԷʱ䡣ȺͻӣѾĿȷ޷Ϊˣһңһ硣
ȥסǣұа취סǡΪ̫ͻ˲׽ὫΪ̸ͬеԣֻҪһﰲȫĵطͼӪҡʱ˵ҲѻָЯʤ񲻸
ΪСү̳дͳĲѡİȫϵͽԭľơǶϲܵΪв²ĽɽǷԵΪأ׵ͻȥܵ⻤ţ
ͷʼƬ̵ĳ˼һ˵̫ˣɹһ룬˵֪㵣ҰȫŮӣҲһ˿µġͻŷڸǶԴĺ˲ػǴʦɷģвġ
ҳһ˵ڰοԼڰοԼƵġ
ʱԵһǰ˵ϣ߹ǣ˵ٻӪȸ߹Ҳ١
鲻ԣͷ˼ãսͷתȥ֪־ͬҵĹ۵㡣˵˾䣺лʦȫʹ˱ʦʦౣأͽչˡ
һݣת˿ڻԵ磬ͻȻӳӢȻЦڴĬټ
ת߳·ƺر𳤣Ѱһ㣬ƺҪĹʶҪĥ
أ̤й֪ǱѪȾǱƻӳգƬѾˡ̧ͷԶĿ磬֪ͻʱҽˣδĲֹۡ
Ұĵʱйȴϣ֪ӦͻʱˡţôҲĹ̫ʧֱҲܶӡ
·йȥͻһ磬һĺʹһůĻϤ˱ǶϢȴģҵ˫ۡ
§סңĶţƺйҵľ䣬ҲЩƲסĸ龧Өҵ˫Ŀ
ĵŮˣΪʲôҪңΪʲôҪң˵š
ǿĵȣת˵ôˣ㲻ѾΪʲôͻȻֻ㲻ԼѵҲ׷𣿡
ץҵֵ⣬ǱǰӦľӣ̫ҽҲǡڶУʱֹסƣһ·㼱æϻʲô
Ǹ⡱ֻߣȴӲ̻ضڣ֪һΪԲðΣո˻ﲻпֻ֣жȴΪʵҲЩ겻ѡ
ҵ˵һȥɣҲκ˰ߵģһᱣġ
룬ڵĸӦ൱ˣ첲ŤȣҺ˵ãһҪʱʱұȥɺã

һٶʮ ѫ

һ˦ӣԭƣæŸϻ㣬ʲôʧ㵹ãûûεĻǸˡ
Ұ֣˵磬Ҳ˵ǶԵģʲô취ǽ磬ҲһΪػԳеһеġ
ΪǶҪˡֻǣҪ岻ͬѡ
𣿡Ŀ飬˫ųĹâ˵Ŀģ
ӿһĿҽ󣬶ʵͻʴˣ
ͷ̫ӣͻʱйſڣҾڵʵԷ⣬̫ǷͻʱԿ
Цķ쳣ҵֶ˵վһΣҾЪϢһƴ
ǣЩ
ҾҪߣʱһһξƵһ˵̫ӣǰͻʱ˸ʹھй⣬˵Ҫ̫һ񲽣Ҫ̫ͬ顣
üͷһ壬ǺƵ˵̫˵Щʲôȥǡ
ֽһʿʿǰ˵̫ӣͻʹٴǰ˵Ǽ̫̫ضڡ
ڣߣЦãǵҪȥ˭˭ڣ棬ͬҳȥһͻʹߣǻˣʲôС
ҵͷҲãȡһЩʱ䡣ֻЩ֣֪ΪʲôЩͻʹ߷Ҫһſɡźͬ絽йſȥͻʹߡ
Һſڣʱʱ֣ȴԷĻյͨ΢Щҹä俴ԷЩ˵ףѹѹһƬȴ֪Էơͻʴ˵˵ΪӶһңȻǸԲѵ磬Ҳе߯С˰ɡ
ͻʹһ߹磬Ӧݸ߹ˡͻ˵źԭкܴƳ̶ȣĳſ磬дͼԭʿķβࡣͷñĿʯȴͻֳ
˽ȭסأ˸˵Ӹ£ͻʵ۹ʹߣתڸʺףԶٰ
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ҫ񣬿˵㾿ʲôҪ̫
Ҳһ˳ȻҲѧͻ˵˵ҵǰ˸ġֺӪδʡ
ӣĿɺϣܵͻȥͣȥĲԭӥչᣬĹﾡĸ衣
ͻûлĻĳ̶˸ȭѾ˸ºţҽСɡĴҲѷݴҲֻáġ
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˵˰ɣҲ˵ȥ˰ɣ
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Сͬ־ֿڵӻٿǿǡ
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֣ԶһСƽǣΧ̽ȻԽԽȴסˡЩ˵нԼһƲг˿ʵ
ףңԶҹգЦɰɣ۰׵Сֳʹҡš
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ԥţҶ߶Ҫȥ棬Ҫȥһ˾ȳģҪȥҪȥ
СЦ˵ĪҪԥˣԥҿСӻ֮ǡ
ԾɲͣҶ棬ҪȥҪȥ
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СЦܵڸģκ˺СӵģʵǵĿֻӻͻʣû˺Сӵ˼Ӿɷģ
ҵͷСһĶ˳ǰߣţһͷ磬ڵƻԵøɡǵƻӰ֪һңһǺİͷعȥ
ټˣ磻ټˣ硣ͻʣҼٵĽʲôأ

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ҵһν˯лѣʼҵĻߺݷڿ
§§䣬˼£ֳ˯˹ȥҽһԵϣƿĴһСʵǻҪòܵ
Ӹ£죬ǾܵҶˡСͷԶش
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ŶҶˣⲻǻͼףʵ۵ԭʵۻͻʻʵۣٶЩСϻʵۻں޵ǣ󹬼ڶȴûһֵģԭһҹ֮ԵΪ޺Ρ
ϻʵڻʱȥС飬ǣСӴԭӻͻʡǣͻʳһƬ˵СбĻ壬ϻʵ۵ĵܵܰʷǲһֱΪϻʵԼλʵˡĵǸλ꣬εʱȴСӶ˻ᣬԸ
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Ҽǵͻʱеһ仰ѯСŮ䵽еģ
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ԶȥɽͬһȻĺ蹵Сǰ˵Ӹ£ǰɽ͵Ҷˡ

һٶʮ Ҷһ

Ӹ£ſͶ𾴵ĺҡ
ͶǷչǵĹŮͳ죬ͻտʳӵרˡͻŮ˶øߴҼͶĵһ;úаȫС˶ܹرѵǶԺʮ־ͨġ
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һٶʮ ȥ磨

֪֪иŮҲ֪ǸŮǴͬġ
ڵͻȻʶʲôһ㣬ӿһɱĸоҿЦվ˵ǰϵ϶֪ġѰôˣȻʲô¶֪ġ
棬ҡֿڵ
æյЩͻȻЩˣȻȥϢˡ
绹Ҫ˵Щʲôȴʼû˵ڣֻһ˵ҲգҲкܶһӲܽܣ޻ʱģ
ûлӦֻǵĻصˡ
ģͻȻһƺһ翴ͬǰһǲ֪ǲҵģܸоʲô֮ǰһУ£ǷҪ뿪ͻʻصأͻȻоشûһطרһ˵ġ
̾صĴ԰ȴӱߵĲݵһįıӰ߽ȴСҿͯӣȻߡңмֲмȻ
ԭŮӣƾʲôڱߣ
΢ЦŲҲѧӣЬѵݽСʮµĺˮ΢΢Щǽյ»㲻ͣˮĸо
㣿ŵɴ飬ŵĽе㲻ԭŮԭŮô׽Ьأ
ýźˮ˵ԭ⼸տһֱ̬ȣֻΪԭʿ
ȻǣпɡͻȻЩףͣסˡ
пɺԲԣЦŷ
㣬ô֪ԭŮӹȻթܶǵ¡ɶҾǵ͹ʲôӣ
ЦĸӲˣҶ˵ģҶǿɺ⣬ԭһ𳤴Ķ磬ֻá
һֱ壬˵˵Ŀɵ棿
ҵͷ棬ȥҶ硣ҰŮôˣԵһҪչ˺úӵģ
ҵһһ㣬ϲ˵ԭˣԭˣ̫ˣãô
ԣôҲвĿɺĿеĵλ𣿡
ü˵ô򵥰ɺͲ֪Ҷ⣬жңﲻϲô죿Һÿհ
ҿԶϦ˵Ҹ㽲һԭĹɡ
ܾ֮ǰСӽпܳ꣬һеģƾԼĻǺƣѧϳ˵书ӮĿŮӵٻأ˽ǵ֮š
µĹиħ̵Ůȴϲʵص꣬Ůӽ겢ϲĿԼϲŮӡûзһֱԼİڵߣȹһһεѹء
˵ǣ֪Ψһ˼Ҷĵˡ֪ô˼أÊ˵Ұʱﲻмɫûɫ˼ҵġ
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ǸǰŮӣ֮ңηĽԼﻰ˵ηߣҵ׷ԼҸ¸ҵŮӡ
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ЦҡҡͷЦϦ¸ãŮ̸Լİ˵ʱǻǺʱ򣬶Ưġ
ͬҽ⿪ĽᣬǻǳƺɡģǰЩֻСС֣治ϡİɣġ
ͷֻЩε˵㲻֪ϲɺĲֻһˡпɺЩǣȻǶδõɺĳңǿɺһջǡ
ͻȻ뵽һ£æʵã֪ҶεŮ˭𣿡
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ѽЩ˭ˡǱôȴûз֣øվңͻ˵е˱ЦʼǸƤ
ǣ㾿ΪʲôҪأҶѵΪΣΪҪҡ
㣬ܴܲӦңǰ˵Щû𣿡
ЦŻشİɣԻԵġ
̧ͷŽµ̫Ǵ۵Ĺâûԭǰӳˣһɲõͷ
ȥ磬ǧƮ㡣ͻʵķ磬ͻȻĴҵס˫ۡұۣȥЩˣֻùһһɡ

һٶʮ ¸Ǩ

һķ糾ͣһصһֱϢů񹬣ûſڣͼƻͨҲǾһ߽һȴһȺŮΧͶ乧ǰ밲ΪôòŻѾȴˣӼ̽ãѾϣҪͬһš
һȻôĶֻ𣿻Ϊľһ֮֮ϣѳԶٷҵٳ裿һûɡ
ʵϣֵĲԸȴҲҪͷ״ĵĺǸ˳Է˭ҵĶ磬ͻǹͳأ
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һٶʮ ɼ

ҵľӽѧ֮˿ҪõģΪеľý߱ĹӶﵽ˽һľ硣ǰÿᵽ˽һĸֵʱǺǺӶȻǱЦʲô˽һˣˣһأ
εҡҡͷ̾ӲɽҲ
ȻҡͷҲֻǳҡѡ֪ʮ˰ҸᣬͨΨбṦõóȥľӽնԼĽǹǶƳ书
Ƕ书츳ǺܸߵġϾ곤࣬жĹڣδɽׯ֮ǰҲϰǹġҲֻжֻӣǴû浶ǹġ
£ܽһ¯࣬ǲװ׵ǣǼүӶԶмӣԵһͬһƵǳķ
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һֱƴϰնֻĹȻ񣬷ӳЧȴûеĺá
㣬Ѿ˰ʱˣҪͬ˵ңɺãƷңѾЩվסˡ
ΪƾôڹܸӦŮô𣿡ǳЦ
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С˵ǲԭ¿֡ǣֲû˺СС˼ֻǿҪСͻʣΨг²ߣС
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һʮ 

ޱεıĵһ࣬Ǹ˵֪ԲС㣬Բ䣬ǿֶСûб֮ġֶС˵Ļ˿ֵ֮⣬Ҳƭֻǡ
ֻЩ𣿡
С㣬ǿҲԵġԭãδԲСκ£֮ģؿɼǰǣԺҲǡ
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ֱͬʹѰˣֺϲֱϳɽׯǺϲּʵȴΪͻʵ׼
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һ𳤴󣬶ҵƷҲָƣ֪ϲɣܾΪԼϲҲίȫΪ㿴绹磬Ƕûа취ǽɵĹ㿴˼ʹǵȴҲһֱҪӿֱͬ˵ͻһŵԾ䣬˵Ŀɶԣ
꣬ͨһ¹ڵأС£޿ˡ
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ұôһҲЩסǰġֻǣҾҪͬ˭˵أ

һʮһ ӥУһ

֪Ϊʲôߵÿ˶ʼæµߵŮƺҲЩ궯֣ȥѯʰͶ䣬Ͷңÿ＾ͻʶвԭһδģΧԣͻʵѪжǶⳡΧнԼĲܾչʾӮԼ˵ķġ
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վԶеƷң
ڻ𣿡ƷңߵӦš
ŶղͶ⼸콫һΧԣǳ·ɡ
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Ʒң΢΢һ鶯ȻָֻǰŷĳһֵĺǵҪǲͳġǰҼľϲǹΪȣ
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ΧĿ֮·Ŀʼˣͻ˹ȻǺս֮ʿͬǰЩװӾһܶʿŹͷڴĹ㳡վУ紵ͷϰŵͷͺͷ
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˵Ӵĳܴԭ֯˿ǱԵĵλ˶һȡЩ߹ĸ棬ҫ۵ӦſˣƾԼ׵֮ף߰ĳŴЦЦϵƽҲݳ֮ɴҲÿɺԹͼһҵĶʵںʢ
ҺƷң͵͵˵ĺ󷽣˷ܵĽлţҺƷңæŸЩóԵĸ㣬ܷ졣
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ţͻ˵˼仰ͻӦ˼֪һǶΧԿʼЩ˼߰źţЩ˸߿ΧԵĻʽ
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һʮ ӥУ

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ԯһأ㣬㡭ҼĲ֪˵ʲôá
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ȻԿƼִִ֪Ҳкܶ֯ʱȥɱĳĿˣǴһǲܽ׼̤鷢ԼȻ˵Ҳȥʡ
Ҫʲôʱأ
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УҲܸߡ
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ѵҪΪңԼһͬĽ𺣣Ѿ֪繫ѵǡѩ̣ѩҲѾ֪ͻʿɺʵݣԸ޹
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ΪʵǺãȿԽԼԵǫһЩܽעȫתԼϣҪֱҫǿϺܶࡣҲ֪ʲôʱѧʽֻİİҺȫûмƵġ
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һƬӦΨӲͷƤȥףҵˡû뵽ΧԵһĽǴҹյţҪôŵ˵Ժӣ֪Ҫζȹء

һʮ Ըȶ

ʷĻʵۣ˵ҵĻʵ۶ԳԷ¶ر𽲾ֻ˵Թй˵ĻǣڷϿԽһ⡣Ǹʵ϶ôһ治͸
ҶӵĲˣţһƵóԵɡкƷңͰͶһ¡ʼǾܾģǰͶ䣬ҳԸͬһͬʳأǻֲңһͬ
ȾƱΪǵСǸһףԸԶ֣ԶҸ
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ԯҵһӺôˣ¶æˣ
ûУڽСֻǽտǿɺıʾѲõİΣԷȥҵˡ

һʮ Ȼ

ЦЦ˴ɷӦҵΪءֻԯһҵЩ˷˼ԱߣҺһɣ
ԯһƱͻȻһұʱ򣬶齫˳ȥҲԯһʱ־ҡһ룬ҲԵֵģȻһһ
˵иŮʲôʱ£ô֪ءžƱ˵
ҵЦˣƷңƷңԯһһ£ôͻȻһȴûаʶ۾ɵôġ
ƷңɵɵģԯһӰȻݷڽͲмʾһ㡣龰˵ʮѵãЦŶƷң˵ңλҵѣԯһġ
˵仰ͻȻԼúܸЦΪðΣܽͻҲ̫ǿˣܸܲƷңԯһǽ֪дλҪֻıʲôΪɣ
ƷңͷԵĳԯһЦЦ˵ǽѣǾ͸öóԵģƷң³ȥŪ
æֹңĲѾˡȥҰԯǵı
Ʒңô˵Ӧųȥ䡣ᵽĸ׵һЩˣҲΪ䳤ÿɰرϲҫԼŮÿʲôˣǿĵչʾҵŮжôȻԯһҪҵȻ֮ˣ
ȻҲǵĿĹǰ˵СħȴСʹҶСӳġϣ䵱治ϲΪʲôӴˣƷңٰ谮أ
ƷңƿţҸ˵֨֨ѽѽĽиͣҽӹ䣬ԯһ˵ԣԯ塣
һԯһֹͣڣùɿ壬ȴôҲڣͻȻŤʵҲ֪Ǻá
ҿʼ취俪ڵʱͻȻ˫֣ԯһл
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ԯӹϸȻȴ˵棬⺢Ӳİɣɰ㰡
ô˵ҲûȥƷң̽ӻԯô֪ȷʵǽĵһֱ缺
ԯҲǵһαӣԵЩ޴룬֫ӲĺܡʱͻȻסԯһϡۡһڣʱڵѽѽ˵һ京ĻȴĻ
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ʱԯЦݵȴһ˿ЦݣҲ÷˼ԯһЦĸᣬ˵ã㳤ˣҾȢ㡣
쳣ܰԯһЦʶԷθġ˵ȥͻȻһ̺ͣĵ׷ĳҸҲûİˣҲûİԼˣԾɿԹĺܺáŮѣҵɻã߼
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˵Щʲô˼ҿʼܾʲôõԤС
棬ءͷĺܵͣʹҿϵı顣
ʲô˼ҲԾģڲ˵Ҳ˼Ҳأ

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֮乲ͬܣûĸҿԼĲƱ䵽˵ĿڴЩ飬ֻҵŻ֪Щ¡ôЩ꣬ܶ˶ֻһ˵ǽգȴӵ߱˵ҲйЩƱġ
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ҲͣĳǱȻţӣˣҽȥ
ʱڴһУӣôﰡ˰ȥɺ

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ͬ棬ͬıҪ뿪ͻʣ뿪ңҵãȴͬйļϸпǹҵĸܣޱҵˣ׽ȴңΪһǰһɵɵֻ𣿡
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ߣЦĪҪЩˣ治ӹҿҿˣˣҲӵԸˣҰһ𣡡
ҵŭðͶ䲻Ծһ֪ҲŵˣͻʱûжôƢͷʲôҲ˵Ҹеŭ޴йǱ˵ҪӴ̫ӣϾͷʹĺܣϢˣȥɡ
Ͷ£ڴСһᣬȴоһֻҵĶͷ̾۾һ˫ȵ
ţְסңͶ˵ЩԹ㣬ںЩ𣿡
ᣬ¾һ㣬ҳ˳ǣȴǳһ΢Цֻ˵ˣֻżз纮粻Ϊҵ¡
㡭ͻȻЩ֪룬ҲѾˣѲǴǰֺαѹ޵ѹ
ѹＤԾĻӦ·æȻȥɡ
áĿȻһתȻˣҲ˵ˣ޾ǹ㿴ģ޾ǹƣʲôģϣ˭ͬһһĶ㣿
ҲҪָȻ޵̽ԳһֱɽˮŸսͻʱ߾Ҫղˡں㣬Ϊλߵû㣡

һʮ ңף

Ҫ˵͸˭ûң˭ң׵ĺܣѵһ㲻ʧٶıٲãȴҲ㲻յֱӣΪĿػȥ
ĪҪңͷȥƺǺܾ֮ǰŻеί˵ң֪ֻһûңûңС֪СϲŴ磬ԣˣΪԸȥ£ٺˣҲݲˡ
ҵĺã
磬ĪҪ˵ˡҵĵַһƬͻȻ˵ȥΪʲôΪʲôںȴҪ˺˺ң˺˶磬ǺεȵʹǺεȵΰ
˵꣬米ҵӰ΢΢ЩҪ˵˵ǹ˽˵ҲԶ˵ˡ
ĬקűӵһǣСĵһš
棬ĲԭҲֻǵɽׯԶȥġǣҲܡҿһЦƫƫ˭ǣǷ磬ǸȻȴպͻϿɺΨһӡ
ֻԣҵΣҲӱܡ棬ʹˣҶҲһֱǰһδıҲҲΪͬЩһ㣬ǣʹ㣬ҲֺģҪĸԸߡ
磬㻹ǵǸССĹʵһֱͬµ龰һ㡣૿ڵ
磬δ֪ҪľʲôϲˣҪȫʲôǿݺϺ;ϵͨҪġҪģҲֻͯڣȴ׷İ顣
ҵİ飬ҪƭҪãҪֻǵϲҼϲͬŮһЩֻһν ҲжΰҪͬԼϲһ𣬲
ûᣬĵãûзĻ֪жô֮ף
ǣ˵Щ 𣿼ʹˣýȥʵҵ˼Ҫϱôˣİûʲôýġȴ֪ģǲҰѵߵĻ
֪ˡ˵
һϲ֪ղŻ˵ţţҺû˵
֪ˣֲԭǰɣ罫˹ϵЦԽԽᣬ޴Ӧ㣬գˣһǼӣ͵͵ܳȥҰΣ
ɶ˵ɶⶼĸİҲúЦֺΪʲôĶҪǿأִ͵ˣϲ˵ȴ֪˵Щ塣ΪζҪҵıʮǧأ
ֻӲͷƤƤЦⲻЦĳͷվ˵˼䰲ҵĻҪͶĻԹԳԷ֮ģȻˡ
ұ˯ȫޣֻԺͻȻȴһæĽŲһʹһè򷢳Ĳݴȥһ󺮷紵ҲһļƤ
ҹڷɱҹ龰˿ֲæԼ˵ҪԼԼҪԼԼģִﴫһһȥƬݴԣȴǰľһ
ݴһѪԭŮɱҡüĿ㣬ɫ԰סĴŴ磬ӦǽõŮˣһ飬ô죬龰Ȼǲȣ
ͻȻһ󼱴ٵĽŲҲ˶룬òݴסȻװһЩæ󺰣Ǻˣ֪ʲôط㴳룡
Ϊ׵ǶĸͿˣǰһȻͻʻ˵Ӹ£ҹ޹̿ͣҵȫ׷飬ðӿпʲôɵˣ
ͻʻҽöȴ̫˵ҡҡͷԭصޡǿɺôˣ
Ϳ˻صӴɷģȺ̿Ͳ޽ӽɺֻ֣ǻڹڣǻӴΣգҪСġͿ˿Ϊһ֡
ˣҴǿɺɣʲô֮Щ̿ͲңǸϽȥ׷ɣĪҪЩ̿ˣ
ǣͿ̴˷ͷȥ׷˴̿͡
ʧԶҳһ֪ΪʲôҪҲΪҶǱͻʶ޷ɣһͷݴԣȴһұܵṦһ㣬˳ֽڵء
гŷ֣ҹôˡ
ǺûñҺ㣬ȴ𱨣Ҿ첻˵뺦㣬ովͰ㽻Щˣ
͵ػعͷ׺ݵƺҪȸոǰذ׻Ҫ ؿһ£Ų
ҡҡͷԩңӽһֻ첲ҵļϣЩҵҪʲôҲΪ˵ԵʣЩ˻ơ
ԩңⲻǴȥסĵط𣡡ұ߷ůȥ˵
ʲôˣΪЩҪһССĹŮأ
ŮҿŮҲһ֪ߵغСŮ㲻֪ʲôطů񹬰
Ŷã˵ڵղһЩͻ˵ůסԭĹ͡
ĵͷаῴ
㶨ԭ͵Ůٴοڵ
ҵʹҹ״ô˵˵ȥӲŮƲƲ죬پȥͶոձ֧ȥQˣӦûôѸٽõҷԷ

һʮ ңףģ

ڴϺһЩҩȴһѶҩƷָ˵ȥԼ
Щסǰ˵ˣԼ϶㣬ֲӣҲ޷ģɡ
ҪȵﲻϰߣȳȥҿˣһҲҪӦԵ˵
Ҷ˶٣ãȻĵͷ֪ΪΣǶ̬䵭ȴĪҪĻָʾ£ҡҡͷЦԼʱūˡ
ҳŲñͶ䣬Ϊ˱ܿߣûԷΪȥһЩ㡣ͶֿϳԶˣºܺõԼ㣬Ƿһ˵Ҳ
֪Ǹص𣿡һ￪ʼͷ˵Ż
ЩѾ͸ҵƢ֪Ҳ˽°һ飬ңʱ򾭳ᵱҵͶǻŻǵĪҪ۸ԸȴǼƽϣҪ˭ӣ
ڰͶļ࣬ǾЩЦʵϣǵӡԸ񡱣ǵʵҲǺԵĺһĸַʲô£ֻκ＼ңȴãҲνҵһź
ΣĳȻȤ
԰˵Խ֮󣬱ˮһֱЪϢڻڣЩʿĺýһֱû®ɽĿأ
˵ǹ绨ò˶ˣֻҪǳűԵڣǿɺҲûĿ

˵ĻҲ˺ܶ࣬ԹȻ滺õķʽŽˣøԼеۣðͶȻȥϢˣԼһеĻص䣬뵽Ĵ̿Ůæȥд̶綼ûúóԷɣ˳·ս˲Է
˭ƣǷ
ţҸ˵㶫ԡҳѺõһЦ
ԷȴȻ䵭˵ѵͲ𣿡
һ˵ЦҵңôԼŻú治ɣɿıֲڿЦεҡҡͷȻʳø˵ҸոڳŪһЩ㣬ӦûԷɣЩһ¶ӡ
򿪺ӣ۾ֱֱĶЩ⣬ЩǣЩ
ҳȻһЦ££ͷ˼ҲˣֻĸʦѧһЩգ㽫ų԰ɣǲϲð⹬ĴùøЩȡģ⹬ﲢһɲͻʲʽΪɺԭڹǿԳԵԭʳġ
ͻȻһ˿ů⣬ԥһķŽǳͻȻʶԼղŷ˶ôͼĴǲϲԣǲҳԣʳ¶ǣ棬ĶԴˣȴ˵Ĳ¼ɣҲ֪ģҲͬķʹȻȴİݣںոշ
ֻǳһڣͣסˣҹеʵôǲϿζ
һЩãĶ˵ǣζϤҺԹ벻Թˡ
һȻָݳģ˵͡Щıǡ͡أ
͡Ϊ죿˵أʼסͷʮʹ࣬ͷʹʹ벻ˣΪΣΪκкܶӰȴץסǣʹĹӣͷ۰ڡ
û°ɣæǰѯ˿˰ɣ
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󵨣˭׼ֱ̫ӵֵģͻȻһȡ
ұͻĺȳ⻣סˣŵһʱ˵ãһݸֻǸѣҵһ㡣οұôƺڴˣҺһ̫ӵ£˦أǺǡ˵ţʼǿɰı飬ŵüͷҵӣԼ˦˵ӡ
磿Щʵҡ̫ӣ̫ϵ𣿡
ֹϵãȻ˵ǣĻǶپ壬ϵΣһԹ԰ѣ
ܣҡҸ̫߶̫꣬ѹͲϵ㣡ĪҪ˵ڿңŮӻǿЦٵֵز񣬺ٶ࿴һۣԼܵȾһ㡣
ڿ㣿Ŭѹӿȣżʱ䣿ͬĽʶʱһˡЩ䲻˵֪ȴҲദãʹ飬Ҳں˵ˡ
̫ӣ£µʱϲüͷ̫ӣʱϲ׽ө棬ϲ˱Ƚ̫ӣũΧСƽԭЩսԣЩҿ˵
ĿһҲֻ˵Ǽ̫ӵڶ֮һ̫ӵ¼ݵĽ
ǣЦĸļʮģ˵ĿдһҲ֪ɣ̫Ӳп̥ǣδƼ
ϣĿȻһת㾿ǺˣΪλ֪ôࣿ˵㾿˶ߣ
ߣߣЩ׿ڸҵģǿѡԸҴδʶҲùİ·
֪ΪΣİŮˣȴԽĵ׵Ļȫ˵Ǻ졣

һʮ ңף壩

ôܣҴδ̫㰡ʶ̫¶֪ģΪʲôûأ
̫֣ҵĶһӼˣѾ̫ˣʵҲԸҲԸŵġȴķҵ޴ѡ
˵¶Ե飬ĳ̫ͬµЩ˵ղÿʮ졣
ЦѡҸҪôһںҸܱȵϣҪĶѾõˣʲôأңеһӣûʲôɱ֮
˵ЩȻЩۿʪ̧ͷĶҿѵصˣǧ򲻿Ҿ㣬Ҳ㲻ˣмǡ
ԻͻȻĨһƺݾԭ̫ͬ޳𰡣ΪҪң
ͬгͬг𣡡ҿЦţ˵ҾҲΪأΪ硣
ֳһ˿Ի󣬡ﲻ㾿˵Щʲô
Цų˵㲻趮Щ֮ͬĶԹ޹ءҼƲأӦûʲô󰭣ȥɡҲˣϾůҲǶĿڶܻ࣬ȫ㻹ǻصȥ˰ɡ
ãҿֿ֮ʵ㣬ΪʲôҪȥɱҶͻʿɺȥ𣿡
ĬͻȻʶԼַɵˣ˼֯Ļ˵أЩмͬ˵ΪǸ֪ңгһձҪնݳҵġ
ҹˣЩϢ 
ڶϵҴӱʱԷѾȥ¥գﾹЩһȾΨڷڵĹ֤ţһŮڴס㣬ţǰϲҵĲ²ûдߵˡ
ϣȥͲβ裬Ŀ̵ĹͼϽȻվڶ鷿ſڣһаĽ
ҸҪſڣŭ۹ֱֱɨϣҲһסңӵĿߴһͻʻ
ưϽԭ䲻׼Ҳ˵ˣһ˵һĪ˭ܵ˰תͷʰͶ䣺Ƕ˵Щɶ
Ͷ༫ԼЦ飬ҶĵϽ˵ɺͬҪ£û
˵޷е˵
ȥԽԽС
ЦЦڵϽȻϵ׳˶һǣЩо֮ͽɽ˵һЩ۽֮£֪Ͷ䣬һһֵķϽ
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ЦˣȻ˵԰ͬһõУ˵ͼӣܷ񣿡
ҥŮ֪Ҳһ฾ա
ͼɫףüͷһǵҲԽˡЦţQͶ䣬һҪ͵ϣᳯͼһҾѸٳ밸ص㡣
Ӷ鷿ſ߹ȴ¡˻թ
һȥϸʱͼʹ˸ɫݺݵҪһ㣬ҸϽӣˡ
԰ȴһ˫Ĵ˼ɽ棬㤵ĸо϶ͷȴһϤĺĪҪţҡ
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Ŷԭ˰뵽滹δϲ̫ӱأ
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龫һҵıӣȻЦ§뻳棬ٵЩӣҪʱ䣬ҪȥһЩ顣ЩҾͬ㣬䡢һĿһֻĸˣɺã
ڣûӦֻůϢҲԾţҲҵĶӦ̸˵İʹ§棬Ҳ̰ģֻҪȥ㲻뿪ңҵߣ˶ѡɴӦң
ЩҪ˵ʲôأֻܵƺһ£ĸҵıһƬ㣬ֻ֪ʵ뿪ģɻỹУ
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硣ỽ
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зӰҴӶȳȥ𣿡ҿڵ
ģǻὫȳģŲ㡣һᣬֿڵ⼸ջһֱڹڣÿڴ˵㣬Ҳұȥů㣬ʱǱ˷֣Ҫ𱣻Ұ
˵ŻʱƵЩ㱣ҾôˣǺܿ뿪𣿲ϾҪ𣿲ӦúܿôȫûڴѾõĻ䣬ȴԽأ

һʮ Цտ

磬ұůȥ·ЪϢ޹ĳһۣȴǹŽաſڵɫš
֨ѽһſˣ߳ͻʵŮǻŵ̸Щʲôĸǵ󣬴ߵһʱҺסǣòͻʵʲô飬˻ţ
ңŮæ¹һŵԭصӵĻūǸմ̫ӵµ޹Ҫȥɺء
ʲô£˵˵ҵ˲ݷǹװͳĶһ㡣ºЦ֪ҲҪװȥͦͦ塣
ǹŮƵ̧ͷ˵ūǷȥͿɺµʹͣ˭֪̫ӵ½ʮֽ˶ûͱ˳ūͨһԵʲôˡ֮Ļū澴󵨴ǹ²ˣҪҪȥͨɺء
᲻ôµҪҪͨأҲʼˣ˿ʲôأǲҲΪ˹ʧٶͷʹأǺǣɵñϹѰ˼ʲôءʲôûйϵ˲
ԵĸоЩͷۣһ˵ĪҪţϸľȥ֪ͨˣ¾ͲҪٶˣ𣿡
ǣлӸ£Ůشݷεһ·
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ȥĶˣһСŮæµôӵǺ˰
ҶһԭҾµǸŮױƺЩı䣬ȴǱĿĹʡ
ôǻصȥ𣿡ĵʵ
ЦŴӴһԾ࣬ŵü°ÿҼӲ֪Ҹˣ֪ܵġԣҲֵܵ˵ҩ
Ҽ̬ȲǴӹóһЩҩҩƿȻ˵ЩҩЩڷģȥҵˮ
ЦŴӦȥΪˮľ֣Ϊʲôָʹȴĸ¡һĪϤĸоҲͬһĹɣҶЩиС
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ȻбǱӦһֻǣ⣬Ҳ˵۹Եһ˿
ҵͷȻģѡ㣬ûҪ㡣򣬼ʹйڻдͻʿɺҲԻͻʺһս֡
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ưɡ˵ٴ֣ҵƺ鴤һ£ǹĪٶӿƺͬ羭һһж³ǰһ㡣ǿ޵ĳ嶯ĬĬ
ƣơĬҵ֣ͻȻֱͷҵͷʹʹ
һţſڴϣ岻ͣҡšæǰסļֹʹѨƽ˵֢״ƫͷʹȥҼõҽ㳹һ£²

һʮ Ⱦ

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ůſһ૵˵˱ǶĹƺЩʧ
סƽڴϣҵϣֻ˳һڴߣĴĺ󱳣ֱĺȡ
Ҽ˯ǳ֪ΪΣǰЩģ˳Լ飬ſڣĳ
ںڵյʹķ
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ɻ˯ һ˫һԲ
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ͻȻȴúܰݣ֪ΪΣñůңָоѾδйˡƺܵһҵϣΧΧƣûκηҲûκǳҪ
ӣӣˡӿһѣĪҪ˯ˡ
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ӿɣѾȺˡͶ䲻ɷ˵ؽҴӴæźҸϴԾɳξУͷЩģֻżɢǵĹ㻹ƮһĹʵĴڹ
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ţոպáشң˰ҲûŪһͣ̾˿ͷ£һϵһᡣ
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޹ֻͣһ򵥵װγԱȡ΢΢Щ㶣롱ƣ˳ʰһȻֻ⺰˾䡰ߡʻ
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ԺĲ֪˶ãֻ洫һϤӣˡһ۾ȴЦеĶңæȴɵסҵ֣ȥɣҲ̹ܶġ
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ǣЩԼ۾
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ǰɽ̵ĲݵأˮԼСľݣͳͳΪҾ׼İɣͻȻЩǼô
һִҵ˵棬ǰҰ䲻˵ʱʱ̿ԣҴӦ㣬ֻҪæ곯⼸ҶһʱϵΣ
ڴԾЩš
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ۿЩ΢΢ʪ󣬶簡ô᲻أҪ˸ж𣿿һ˰ҴעҪǷˡ
ϲ𣿡Ŀʵ
šҲֱ˫ӣͷ˵
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תͷ΢ЦŶ˵棬ȥľңȥȥ
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߽ӣڵϣԹԵĵбһۣһڲֿڵ϶ǿϻ˼Ĳ־ͬһ㣬ǲǶƭˣ

һʮһ ӿһ

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΢СĻȣ֮ͬǰǰԹԵŲ裬ЦĴ㣬ֻҪ£мأ
ﰵֹƨϹˮ˵绹ǳöûϽ߰ɣһ¶ݡ
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ҡұ˵Щ˵ǰԾǵģԾǺûϢܶʲô취أϲһѵԼ˵ľͿԲĵô
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ץҵļЩҰʹᶨƺɵ˵ȻĹ£۸ģ
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ҲЦŰڰֻ֣ģõġò˵ͬҡ̫Ӻǿɷ˵Щǹ齲أ
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ھܾҵ⣬ȴҪһʱΪλҪȥأԼҲ벻ͨҵİ飬˱΢أǲԼʼԼأ

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ʲô˸㣡ȷ˵¼ҵ̫ӣǱˣ๫۾
ҲÿɷҡҡͷʵˣѲѹҲΪˡ
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˵ˣĵƳһֻۣǣҲضٰ̽ͲľģӦꡣ
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˵˺ͺáбһۣʲôֱ˵ɣƽϵġ
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㣬ô룿ƺסˣľګĻص
ĸŮӲϣҸԼϲɾһ˰ȻӣԼȥЦ
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ԷӣҵĻΪĹմҴ˵٣ҶΪȣ޸ͻʿɺĸԸҲӦˡûԹ˭Ϊ飬ŮӶе뷨
һ㶣Щ˵ûκ⣬ôЩڶ˵һ㣬ʵЩܲˡ
ҪŮҲҪ͵Ĺأҿڵ
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ֻǣе磬˵̫ԶȫһҲʶ磡һʲôԵĵطﲻأ
ʱֱסԴУҵͷۣۡ
ҸϽǰ̫Ѩ⹫֮ϵëҲ٣ƫͷʹĥ˵ģһŮӼұҪ
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ԯһˣ˲սƻ֮ôǸ߱ļԶ롣߶ء
Ҵסû뵽ԯһֵλһĶ羡ľȴĸжôĺֲͬ˵ܶ¶ԭһˣѵ˵ǰЩ飿
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ʹ룬̫ӵʦ˺˶Եġ
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С˭𣿡ãɳɤʵ
ĬĬĿڵУ͵ĭӺһ㣬޹ƽˣ빫Ҫɧǵ

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˵ĭӣΨһŹ£ĵ˵
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ǣ˵һ㣬ųһ˵һƷĻ΢
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ٴοʱȴЩԣɫˣͺǱ϶һ㣬ȴҪʲôŭأԣŭǷ޺ޣԹҪı
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ĪҪ˵ˣͻʹǿҺλѳ֣Ź˶ñΪһССʱ򣬿¶ΪСտûʱˡ
桭˵Ļѵ
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ҹⲻȥʧ⣬ֻţ˾ˡһ磬һȻҽѾˣʵڲٽϲĸҲͽֶôң֪ģⲻǰ飬Ҳܰ밮Ϊһ̸
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磬ܹѩ𣿡Ҳ֪ΪΣͻȻĳôһ뷨ĹͬһףҲѩЩͬŲһ㺣һȽϹעЩԷңȻһʶ㣡
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磬ǽѩ̼޸㣬һҪúôȻҲԲ߼ҵ飬ԶЩǲıġ翴ⷬϣĪҪί
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Ǳɽׯ˸ԷĽЭ硣ңΪ˼棬Υļ޸˴硣ΪϵĶǸԷµģúûʸҵ
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Щ˴˳ĬʵεյģЩ֪ĸоԥҪҪ˵Щʲôʱȴˡ
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㻹ǵҳ㣬ұǴһ硣ʱ˵ҵļˣԶǵġ
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һ벻ǾȻŵ˹һǧټƶ¶Ǿ᲻ʲô֪أߣ޴ֵ֮飬ı޵걡ֺֽαظһ棡
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ҵͷ͵ĸˣоϻģһֱȵ档ҵͷһֱѹţҲʲôԵĵطһƳȴϴĽԼһĨ΢ơҰһһСա
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ԶԶһ⣬֪Ǳֵĳڡ̧ͷʣ磬Ǿᱻ緢ô
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ģҲǵù˶ã˵ҲԼûע⵽˵䡰ġʱ۱Ĺʡ
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ЩסЩ飬ԯһ˵飬ͻȻһƬҡĪĸоҪĳˮҡǿĵĲģ½Ұɡһڴίȫͬ綨һ취Ӫǵġ
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ұԶµ˵֪ǹҲ磬ΪܻصȥӪһĭӣֻŲһԡ
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ðȥˣˡһĺﴫҴҡ̧ͷȥſžױݵӳҵ
Ұвһӣô˸ˣҡﲻ붯֮س;ѾЩ뷦ҪӦѾͷͷۡҳŰͶʹһɫ
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һصУűѶɼ󹬵ϢҲȫһǶȿ֤˹ͼͬĶҲѾȻˡع֮ҲͶĻ˵⳯еľѾǽš
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ΪͼŮŸ׺Լķ棬ǲưոݡƢһУһܶɡĬĬ
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㿪ڣһҪȥȰ˵粻Ҫƹͼ󽫾λһź˵Ŀɶԣ
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ͷת̽ңñֽдһ䣺ĭŴϣ˿ԿִҴҳӡ
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һʮ Ⱦ

֮ǰҪҸͷŮһͬ˵ĭԺĵ
һװ֮ŹıԺ߹հ֮ҽǹͼҲþܵĵΡһǵһμŴĵΣǰ鱾ϵ涼ǽ΢΢ųʪʮ׾ͻлǶǽϡ
û߶ãһɴǷǷӣＪ飬Ҫ˿д
أŲûֱӻشԣǿ˵ġҪˡӦþָҡ
ҿʼֹҪҵǷҺ޵ҧгݵʱһԿڵҪˣҲҪռκαˡ
ȻԶһЦ̶ĺܣȵοƮͬŮһɴȴǺԵģϵˣȻҿ԰ĥ˵ˡ
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̫¹ˡŲ䲻ȵĻظͻˬ죬ֱӿżɽ˵աҪˣѾϣҲҪˡҶ˻־ݣ֮ǰŮӦһҰ߳ҲҪ
ģǸ˼ңҲ֪˵áֻлǰ棬ĺȻǷһõҲȻܰá־ݣȫͬ£Ϊ֮Լ
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ҵ˼һ㣬ŻعͷͻʻС˵㾡ܷģὫ㽻еģڸϣ˵㻰
ǰοҵĻһ󺮲ʹˣ񸾡ⶥñӣȫͷϣһҲȾָԼ˵Ļǿ
ҵͷѰ˼ͼҵŮı۳徢ܼȴû˼ͷԵĴ£ʵЩյΪضǱиľָ
ʦ˭أȲ²ʦ˭Ҳ²ĿǰҸóûأǼȥһǡˡأŲţͻңȥͬ˵һʹʵģ潫ҹˡ
ֻؽթգʹʲôϷҲδĭӵͷ˿СͲˡѾǲȥһȷһǷĭӱҲʮֲʡ
һת뵽Ѿ壬ҼʹҲ϶ɲľ׹צǰȥ˼ˣһᣬòͻʻصģƱɡ
ЦЦȻعͷȥԵŮ߽ԣԺ΢Ȼ˵Ȼˣ̫ΪβԳأɴǺ£
һû뵽Ż˵ռϢҲӦ֮ǰʶǸͼɵŮ񾹶Щϸڣʵ⡣ϸŸղŽԵǸŮţⱳӰƵġ
ԣɴҿ¶Ǿµţ˵ǻˮѾǴĻˮǹ˫ۣɵС죬ŮӶҪΪ֮ݡ
㡭ŵһָЩͣΪΡ
ҶһҲЩɵۣתջظղسǶѷϻͬҺôһĸԭҲֻǾͬмѡ겻Ѿͷüëüë۾۾ͬҾоŷˣղЩ˵ĻԼԼ
ΪͬǸƣǣǶʲôıŵǼȻǷǽడһż˵䶼ˡ
ǺǣҲһЦ˹˵ˣͬȷмòƣҲֻΪ汲ЩѪԵϵˡ˵ͬ˽ϼɽӣŮĳء
ǰȼһ棬˫ȭսǷˮתֵҲͣĸԼˡݺݵĳؼ⣬̹ˡ
Ҫ㣿Žס˵
ģǰֻǴ¼ҴͬǸ沢޹ﲻţɷ֮ǰҶЭ顣ֻǣʱȣ˼ͼǿ֮ĩһעѩ֮̿Կɺ˵Ȼֻǽɿɺ±ȻȻܡﻹǺúһ°ɡ
ԭͬǰͻʣ϶Ըǹͼġɱȴ̥Ҫҵҿľ
ڴʱߵŮָ˼䣬ŵӰֱͦ˵ڱĵϣҲʹʲôơãǰԣͬȥȷһĺˡ
صЦŵĵԵͷȻǴһ·ͣһ⣬ãͷɢϺ϶Ѫ߰ߣϻ˩ӣ΢΢
ϸ˿ѾݵƤͷˣ¾ɽ˺ȴڲסʵʡۿͻȻЩʪ󣬶ߴһͻΣҪҵ𣿡
Ҳͻظǡ
ŰĿȫŭأҪ˺ѡ
Ц˵𣿡
ܺá˵̧֣ˣָĭӣԼ澣ָָҵȫѺ¡

һʮһ ˹ݰβһ

һΣԼͼҵŮһ˿ƣͬһҲЩ֣ص侲ȵ˾٣ʲô˼
ߡһڣָҶ˵̫²ҪǸҵվǰ˵µԸ𣿡
˵꣬عͷ˺ϵݣ¶ұò˵㣬㲻ҪĺôҲѾ飬Բ˵ԸҲûر˰ɡ
Ǹ棿زĶҼе
桱֣ڵϰǽĭҲ΢΢߳һۣɶȴЩУ֪Ƿҡ
ɤӣͷݵþò˾£Ȼ˼ǲǸ棬ﻹ򶨰
΢΢һǿǽϵĭӡͨһ˵ϣਵ˵Щʲôȴһ㡣Ҳ֪ʹ˦˰ҵŮʩչṦԡ
ѽĭӵ֧Ұסĭӵ֣ʾģȻ˵ĭңһȥһҪסһ㻹Źء
һ㡱֣ĭӵ͵һŬ߿˿ң֪
һΧ˹̧ͷЦǹһһˣҲôôСĸεˣҸ漴ʹͷۣӵˣСίʵ̫塣
ߣǿ㻹еôҶ˰ȥ죡ֿصԭо仰ΪΪ⡯Ǳϵ⣬ҲֻпͷϵıˣǺǡ
һͷͻԸŮǷֱһСƿߵǰǷ׷׽Ǽ˵ľ䡣ſڵǽЩҩ£ģҪǵģֻҪǹԹ·
ƳһҩѸٵ£һϸϸ˵㵹̵ͦ졣Ұһۣʱ˼ҵĲ磬ȻǺгŮ˰̾ʱ˿̣һеѡ𣿼زԹԴĺáĭֻʣ°ʲôڣҩзһ
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áشңһҲʲôٶ
Ź㵽Ǻ⣿ץסǵЩʲôһѾסˣ־е̶ķ
ŻͷʵӦ
Ӱ߳һѾߴŮȹӦǸղŶŽԵǸŮӣЩ죬ȴһʱ벻ļ
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㣿ŮĽг첲յСˣ̫̩λŮ
ҷ۹ȥҲһԭˡĻȻ򣬹ȻôǰҿһǸʮְԹŮСʲôţ
ǵ㣡ҲڵСôı°ղܵͻʵĹߣ˵ΪҪݺ
ߣʱ˿ҲɲˣСŮǰƽ㽾ˣ۸ҲͰˣĥЩˣҲҵߣȰ㻹ʵһ㣬ˣʲôУұ
Сһ̧֣ѺߡһȺŹٱѺߣҿǰĭӴ˳ĭѾվֱӣȫЩţұǰһ첲ȻǶ˰һ𣬸ߣӦ÷ˡ
СɬһЦȻҵķ˵޷ǻʹʲô͡
Ǳ͵һܴׯׯĺܣΪ˷ֹܣСŮӻÿ˽
ҳͻǵһ䲻Щ棬ҵվʲôǶأǸСΪʲôҪһأ
棬ôı£бͬڴһͬҧгݵ
˵˵ҲĻعȥȣֺ³أǸúú÷˼ˡ
˹㻹ʢˣѵãֻҼ̫ѣҡ㣬Ϊе˵˵˭أкüֵأ
һﵽڻΰǾӰȫ̼ƻߣսȭͷĭһˣҸڴģҪ㻹⣡
ߣȻǸˣЭұ㽫ѨˡӲðգǴѨһıǷˡϣˡѪЦֳ嶯Ҫȭͷ
ˡѭô궼ûü̳𣡡ѾǱƼ˵ķ蹷˲ʲô̬ʲô棬˰һʹ
󸾣Ҫ˺죡
ҪȴˣС 
ΣѾʼҧ˰ʧ
Ķصļٴδ̫ӵңҶƤ
Ҳȵһ졣Ц˵꣬תͷ˵þòӣ㻹ǵ𣿡

һʮ ˹ݰβ

̧ƤĵСϸ˺ܾãмʶĸоֻҵ俴ҲӦϳ࣬˰춼û֮ǰְ
Ǻǣӹ˶£ƵЩСŮءǰ˸ӣȻ˵ūС밲ǲǵūҡȻڹǰ¶ݣūҲϲʢ˵Ѿͷǳÿ˰˵һЦ
ԺͻȻһЩ棬ЩΪҽĻ棬Ҹû뵽ٴҵļУһС׳Ƶ·˼ף˭Ҳû뵽ڶĽ죬ȴⲻ֪Ǻδĵط
ϪһǶδСĿɺãĻص
ҲͬҲһǰСȻǵͬ׺һĽʱ·Ϫǣ·ƽ˴Ӿ֮ḸβϣȴҺ˵С
ϼ֣յСȷȻǴҼ꣬ҲоƸСһ㣬ίŤɬڵյƵĳײɢͬһ׮Եû뵽֮ȴ£ЩֶΡ
ߣ棬Ҳгһ䵽ҵգҽЦЦұḸͬ籾ǿһ˼ԧ졣һת絶Ҫ˴̴һ㣬ŮˣȴҪɢҺ硣Ǹǧ𣬱Ļ˵ҸҵҪ㣬ɳӦˣ
ԴЦĻؾĪ˵Ҵ統ղ㣬ʹ㣬ΪƾСܻôĴô
˿ĭʲôԵɽҴǶҵĻ⡣ŮǷΪãӦûǵġǱͬϸ˵˵⡣
СҴʶ֮ǰĵһˡ뵽ףҵɫ΢һǰΪ׵ĹϵҸ۰ʼղҪİȻҲֻпʱ˱ˣӰѾСҷ⣬ŵӳ죬ա
ĵ׵޷ĥԴȻΪе˭Ҳ治áɵʥŮǿȴҲΪһŮŮҲǴΨһĺˡﰵһ̾ϵԶȻӰ˵ǰǶɵħŮȴͬĹϵΪʥŮҹȻҲδס
ҿ粻ӣ˵ȻЩ簮ŮӶ޷ֵģȢȴȫԭֺŵŮСûѩ̹ǱҴʵĴɩ
һ仰ĵײ˵ģǱǣ߻иһűҡ
˵ЩĿĵȻҪֻ̼֮ͬǲܵĶѡû뵽ȴҵ˼ΪǹڸѿϵԽˡ
ߣҵˣһأ޺޵˵ǰû˵ЩʵбҲû书òѣľ֪ϲأվʣūҾٹªţȴҲ˵ġĪҪΪԼĻҽˡ
ԣСͬԵӵС׽ŪꡣŸֵ۰ٰŪҡˣҪͬúһˡ
һסǳô꣬Ҳһ˰
֪˹ƣͬˣҼ˵
ʱһԿֵͻȻЦ⿪ڵС˵ǹͬˡרŻԵģ㣬ҲĶ֡˷Ӧһ£Ƚ˳ͷǣ
˰ˣ侮ʯǼ
ߣСתͷȥأǸ÷ҲòĶȥҵУͱָĳȥˣˣǶҰ󵽰һ٣
ű߿ˣһȺǱνİȥ
ʲôһ٣һĪҪ˵ЩŮֵסǵֵסˣһҲͳõ˰աŵһûĭӣ˶񣬿ڵСλ޽飬һһ˵
Ҳأ۾˵ƾʲôԣ
СǲЫĳģҧҧ˵ǹﻹòޣԸĭһٱޣ
㻹ǸĵģãͿһΣλӵһٱޣƽֺˡ
棬⺦˾û˵ҪӣƾʲôϣĽе̶Щ
ʲôУСһ֣Щ˽̧ңȫĿűӳ˹ҧҧ룬վǶ㲻ˡ
ЩūţҶԱˣصҲʼŤ̫֪ˣǰƤ
ʡɣֻöͻСһԼЦǿңұ㿼ʮޡ
Һͬʱ̧ͷͬмı飬ֱͷŤһߣشʱҲ룬׻ͬڰգЩӲͷأ
ãǵ̣һỹ̲̣Щͻ˱˸ƣ󺺳Ļеıӣ৵һ£鵽ǵĸϡ
Һͬʱ˳Ҵĵ׷һ⣬ӳʮۣ̲סŲӡ
Сǿʼ˵

һʮ ˹ݰβ

ִӵ׳һޣһʹǱͬǰһ÷Уıһ۵սѡıһ鲼ȫҺʹļţ˿Ծɻģǣһȫ
۵ȫһţĵʹһ֮ˡ
ô𣿡֪˶ãԶƮ˹ģұʣµģô
ɣ˵ôЩеûƴһѻ˵ꡣ
ܺá֪Ҳһ㣬ЦȫȻű䣬ֳʵأҲô
ظ߸ķѾҲ̧ͷСЦ»صϣߣҲĵġսϱоɱǱҲˣɽϣ
ãǶйŮӣҾǵС˭Ц󡣡
Щ󺺽סӽ⿪ʱ˵˵ϣʹǸڵ϶áصĴϢأδܹաҲ۵û鴤ȴҶ̫ϵ˿ڻţ￪ʼԴ⣬ǷյҵϢ
Ǻǣˣգ⴫˵ܴŮıصԿףͶλңһȥҲи
ҺضһۣȻԱ˫ۣ룬Ӧ֪ġҵǷһ˿ЦЦǽ˳ȥǻл
˵ЩʲӶҲ֪ϢЩҡ
УҲ˿̻ȥˡҲ
ߣǻӲ΢΢ŭ⣬ˣǵʵġ
⧲һˮͷŵĽǱˮ˳ʽ˿Ѹոľʹٴεȼȫ˿˻һɷ۽ǷۡͻȻĵҲӿһ⣬ĭӣҲⷬɡ
վ͵Ϊֹ˲˵Ҳ޷շЦͬ˵Ҫٸһٹ˽Ŷ
һɰЦСһȺ˺ƺƵĳ˰ҡš顱һϣֻʣڵΡΡĴŶ£⡣
ĵȷȻҪܵеıӦҴûҪԼҲµ˿ڱˮЩ̹ǣǱ뷭Ųһ£˭֪ȴ˸˿ڣ˰۵Ĵ̵һ㡣
ͻȻԵѽ֮Ƥȥֻտʼ죬ӿʼ鴤Щס
ιĽеأ㲻Ҫ˰ɣ
˲ãҲĿڵߣҾƴһҲҪһ
áǾͿ˭Ц󡣡ұһ˵ꡣ
ҲǶôֻ龳ҲֻԼܷȥҪҲšڵĻǶһԷֻܲ˿̣ôʣµһٸѡ
СĶֻǵıûл·ˡȴͬҪŮ˵ıأӹʱݶҵӰ죬ضὫڵġǰǣԼš
룬ģҲһҲͬĸ롣
붼šǳ˭˭񶾣ֻŴʱ龰ȺиõĽ
صʼȶˣɫ糺죬벻Ƿ˰ɡϴֱˮʪ¶
ء촽еأˣҳȥͬ˫˫ܣؽ֮áǺǣ̫лˡ
ͻȻ˫ۣޱȣҰ׵ȴŷޱȵŭ⣺룡棬ҲѵøģİɣµŮ˾ֻһЩ˶Ⱦָ
ܺãѾָûа׷ѿࡣ֮ʱʱʱͬض䣬һȥԼҲܹȥΪҾԼҲʼȣãҲˡ
ֹһᣬ˭˵ˡֻû˿ڶھҵţҲڸͷĿѣһҲûˡ½ƽĴϢҵ˫Ҳ
ֻ֪ǸСȶѣвֻССѹضȲȥ֮С˵øӺݶʽԴǣʱָԴأ
ģҵ־֪ƮʲôطֻһĿ϶ұ㿴ϤЦݣаȴִŨŨ⣬ӳͫһƬǡ
΢紵İۣӭŷڶķԹҵӣЩģǿҵ˫֣ȴĻһء
㻽ʲôҷȻ˦֪ҪȥçײһͷԽһЦȻϺɫκβ棬ⶾҩ¡
ҺȻŽеҪҪ
ͻȻǰ˵һΣһģǻӳҵ˫Ŀָգ
ƴܣ֪˶ԶǰһСӡȴһЦظźӲͣЦţ˵ѽңһ˼įĺܡ
һֵҪȥҽӣȴȻһ۵ĺףס
˭˭ڻס찡
ףһѰ
ʲôھҵĻζңʹ΢΢ЩŻĪҪˣĪҪˣֻ̰˯ѣ˯һɡ
ȴ͵һâҵ˫ĿʹҲò۾ǰȴǷ۵Сӳǰףˣףˣ

һʮ  

ȻŭĳԺӣҧ˵ǣ̫κβأȶٻˡ
Ǹأǡ
ȨʢǸ߼ߵţ׸ǵ֧̫֮λҪΨһ½󹬣˸˵ڿν졣ȨʢҲҶ̫Ӵ˿̵ľаǡ
Щ̫꣬ӴԽɼˣ̫ҲѨǱȴߵĺ̫ܵ¡
˵λ̫һݣȨʢȴλΡ̫ӻǸ߼ҵʱŹӽɽׯʱϵĹ۶෱أɽׯȥ԰߼ҵС㡣
һ꣬Ȼ칫ĵصƵ԰ڣС˸ͤСȨǲΪǶ˵ɫ˶Ȼɲ˴νɥ־ġ
ǣ̫ˡȨʢĲ̫ӵ˳ᢣҲ֪ãǰȨϽ˵̣ضǷӡԼСĸ飬СĬĬĶŴӿֻϷΪСүǣȴӲ֪һĽĶȴҲø
ŮҲ֪ΪϧΥԼĸ׵ԸΪ˱סҲֻ¶ĸʾ⣬ްꡣֻԽˣıԽʹԼİ֮˶ˣ
κ˶֪ȨʢҲ²ȻŶ̫ӵԼҲûз֣£ֻҪˡ
Ȩʢ֪̫ӵ۵ŮǼ̫ôЩ꣬俤ܲµõġֻ֣ôԼⲻϧȴƫƫһЩԹСѾͷ˳谮ѵֻΪĸǲŮˣ
˵꣬ʵֻԼĿ˶˵õŮ˱Եõ¡ȻȴãŮľףضʲôùӡ̫Ӵ˷ѩ̹ףʵԳΪǸŮˣ̫ӸޱҪյġ
Ůӵʲôõģ˵òҲŮ֮࣬˻ʵѵӵô˵ѩ̹䶥ĴˡŮ͸ͬòǣȴׯߡ̫ӴСصò梣Ǹô
ȨϽ˵׵ıǡϲ֡ϲһˣϲãһ꣬ꣿû˻ϲһ̫ãѾϰߡоֺƮĶûκʵ塣
Ȼ׵Ķ֣ҲбĶ֡һֵѭ˲԰Ρһˣ֮ʱǱӳ١
Ȩʢǵã빬ǰȨϽǧ빬򲻿˽ԹҪĵ͵Щ䲻ܵص̫ºŮϸ׵ĺܣ̫лѪͳݵĺܣ̫λӣȫ̫ӵȭȭ;ƾһ㣬භ
Ҳǵϸ쳤̾´δŮĪǽʢŮ֧֣׵˼ֻԾɲţ̫ӻԳҲʣֻΪŮ㽫֮׵͸
˿̣̫ӷ̫һ֪ΣգһʱֹѰһڵ֣ɱ˰ңЩͻⲫǲ֪ģ˸ˣṦܼ֮
ĵλ˺۵໹ʮơˣˡ˵̫̫ͬƣš䲻ϲ棬ҲԸ˵ǵй̫Ҳò
νĿûӡ
һ滹оŷơֻԼҵ̫ݣ¼ҵ̫ȴˡˣ̫ô꣬Ҳ֪߼С˭Ǹ̫ۼò̫£ҸƵ档
ţȴֶ˸ˡṦ죬תۼѾ˵ķ϶дֱֱ߼С㣬̫ǰһ§
ǰͻСආһѣܺӦֻݣĶǵ˵Ľʵ̫żһѣ±İ
˴ͳʲô˹ʱһЩ̫ӾУжڱϢ
Ȩʢհ죬ֻȥǺҲûټ̫ӶݺݵضǺӰʧķ۽Ƴһ̱˵ͻŮȻһ˿ɱ
С
µļҲ塣Ȩʢ֪Ѿͷ̫ӵʮǰ·˼ףﲻɵöԵ¶˼־֮⡣
̫ӱ˽һ˵ȫȥѾԵء̱˵ѾС˺Ѿͬ˲ˡһصѩ̹ӭ˳ȴЩ¶ȣֻǻȴܶࡣ
׽ػģԶ뿪ɡ
̫ӵɫ࣬Ȼŭ梣㻹ڼǺ𣿱ǵͬͨ籨ţΪѾͺأôȥˣΪλҪڹСأοҲԸ޸ˣѵʲô𣿡
ɫһЩ㲡ָĮŮƻ֮ƽ֮š׺ͣʼı½ĪЩǸںûаֵּһ˵ȴðհ˵ŮӣΪãػ֮
梻ĪҪˡĥҪˡ

һʮ ɽӴһ

С޼˷ܲѣ㵸ߺ˰조סֳ⺰šϲǹһ㡣
ǰСţɷǾ㤣Ͻֱ˫סԲԲС찡ȻҸո˵С˻ԲѣҲһԾͺöɣǵҼֻѣѾ˸Ĺˣ
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ҵͷЩףȴЩͿ
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ŶǴ˿ȥɽҵĵôҪȥɽ϶ֻһĿģǱҪ˵õءȻϻۣҲɵСҲܿһġ
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ˣ˵Ĳǡָǣ²ǵúйһ֮Ե𣿡
Ʒ˵ָĲǵʹȥԶʱõĳӦûνһ֮ԵʵǶûʲôӡ
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»ǵõĽ֮ʱֻǸСŮŰɫĳδۣȴҲʧ㡣
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˵ǱϽ࣬ȲСһؾÿƷºһЦ˵»ǵ𣿡
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һʮһ Ȼ

ΪӢңǰЩӳԵҩӹЩƵɺҩˣЧ
ðԭҵʹˣᣬֱǸҩաŹŴСաСϷաû뵽ԽȫûţȼҩաֲҺЩɺҩĲˮҲԺԭ˿壬ҶʱЦá
ӣǻĪҪ˵Щˣȥĵطɣٱ˸ϡ˵׼õϡ
ҪȥĶҿʵ
סһȵţ¶ЦݡǺܴ󣬲õҲܼ򵥣ȴΪССӰܰܶࡣ
ƲһõЦݣЦ˵ͬڳãΪӺļɡ
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ÿʱ򣬱ɽ߲ʷʱڡ߲ʷվ֮ÿֻһΣֻ֮ʱժܽҩЧӵáԣǴбҪȥɽɽŵϣ򣬾ѻ˵ͷͷǵ
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ĪǣҲͬ˼ƣ۵ϸʵ顣
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ʲôС̫һ飬һ̫⻰ôôأĪʲôصľٶɣ棬ʲôôô룿
תһ룬һƷԣϵòָЩпֶΣţƽ߽ͷҽϸںãӻｫǴָ˳ڡšԾҵϣǡ׷ȥأ
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ҵǰˣ˭أ磬뵽˫Ϻɫͫ͵ؾһͻȻδйһ뷨ҵԺҪЩء
뷨ԼҲһҾȻñأ磡ҵͻȻһĸоʱ顣
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˵ֻҪ뿨ܲμӢۻᣬ⼸նȥ縮ϳԳԾʲôģǣŮ⡣ҲԽ˻̽һʲô
ǸмȻЩͷԾǶҺܲġֻҲһ˿ɣľͻȻôƽأ
ҪǣʱͻȻڣ˵¸ϱһ߲ʷ

һʮ Ī

ҶʱԭΪ߲ʷҾ˵ôܵ˼ԭΪĸβҩ
ڶ죬ݹƤ˱ö߽֮¸ȻεѰļµ־֮ʿȴҲΪ˷ֹʿ֣˱뿨
뿨ûУŵСһɴĽǿ׳׼Ǵ
Уæӻг뿨ݸһСү
ףѽ⿨Ƭ˵ǳƹ۵ĳƵĴλǵСԹϵǴ
ҵиոտʼתҪαѻŪȥ㿪ˣλүҼҵλүǳƵҵӣƵ²ǰԱҼүǰᡣ
Сϸ˴㽫Ƿ˽ȥҴжԻ֣ȻϹ˵ѻĲġ
ҡͷҶ˵Ժǧѧ
ͷңһ֮Īӵ˵ļǡ
һ·ߵȴѾɽ˺ͻȻĽеǷܵ˶Ͷ۹⣬æĿڵӣҲȥԵ㶫ɡ
ʱΧϼˣиСӳЦ˵ӵŶūҳδġ
˵˵ˣʲôӶСεĹֵ
Ӵ˵ǴȤĽ˵ǳƵҵӰΪǰװ׾ģӳûаһһŷɣ͵˼
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˵λСӺҹӵĵܵܰռٶȿڡ
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λռŷɣǼһһأֱСȻûݵģܳΪʦɱ֡
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ķģҺˡĻЦֲЦЩŵͷҵĳ¡̣˭˭һءŵĳЦЦɫһƬҡ
˸߲ҵĶС˵ȴСҲǿΪ֧һ£ҵ߲ʷ㡣
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Ҳǵãٴӵ뻳ٴζ˵ЩȴҲٴȻˣʹоʹ࣬ýѡܶʱҲٺú˵ϧȴһֱûĻᡣ
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ٻϽŮǴ˾٣ΥԼ
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Ϣ𣿡ãٴαĳһ仰Ծɱ䣬ȴ͸ů⣬ǰͬ

һʮ һƷңһ

ҵΪ֮һ˵ĵ˿˿ֱǣкܶ˺ܶ£ʹȥܶ꣬ʹѾֱʼ⹴ճһ㣬ʡ
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ǣһҵ䡣һ٣Ҳ㼯˸·ӢҲʱȥдһˡ
￪ʼŲԶ˿վģʱۣҲٴǰҲǴǰҡվǻزȥˡ
ʵԼ˽ҲܶΣСͬҲͬǲͬµˣǿһҲȻкõĽǵǰ˵һ˽ŮԻͨͨ˵Ҫŵԡû򵥵˵ҺŲԡ
ʵһΣעЩֻǣʱ밮ȴûзЩеʱŮԽһ˱ֻǰˣ
ţȴòӱһУʲôôתһһһҵľ䡣
ˣˣ̧ͷŽȥ쳣ۣҿ˵ĿֻԼƳһ˿ɫ
ĺ˵˭ġ
Ϥҵһ͵ؽ份ԯһ
ǽ͵سҲһӲٴδģȻϵӣ㲻ͨĴ̿ͣ˵˭ָʹģ
ԯһҰ氡Ҽ
棿ԯһһЩͷԵ˾ҡȻʵҲ̫ʧѾõģҾ̽ӱƷңһͬЮֵɽԯһȻڴˣҵĲһýָң
ԯôЩͣЩײͷһЩŵʡ
㲻ǺƷңɽôȻѾΪʲôûϵҰ㲻֪Һܵ𣿡Ҵţ֪ģһԼȴԼ˵ˡ
ԯһһֱڷƵңЦЦȻ㡣
ĨĨᣬĶ˧ɵףʲôҵģ𳶿⣬㣡
ϣҲֻĵΪᣬԯһܽʶλ֪Ǵ޺ԯһҵͷ΢Ц
򣡡ԾһӵԹײβģĺջ𣡿˵˵ǺôѵģƷңôˣҶþûǵϢĺƷң
ԯһϵɫһֹҲסˣֻȻ˵Ʒңһаãֻǡ뿪󣬷˺ܶ¡ֻƬҲ޷ݣҴȥˣȻס
áԴƷңߺһֱΡƷңձߵ˱ˣԵ޹ʳҵ˵һŮұԼƫԶĵطܷģοԭõѣԼ飬ܲģܲ
ǣԯһɫҾʲôƵģ־ԯһɿӦҲʲô¡ˣҾͬһȥƷң
ˣôأʵ
ǰЩ֮ͨܳʱſԺСүȡϵΪҺƷңɽסһʱ䣬ԶɽȽ˽⣬ܰСү
ԯĻֵֹܾģ˵֡ϸƷƷҲϰԺΪСүҾùְɣΪ磬Ѿϰˡ̫ӵ¡ˡҲʼϰߡСү˵
ֻǿҲֻԯẰСүˡҲ£ҲֻԯһСүˡ
ŶˣԯɲԲҪ֪Ҫ֪ҹѹ˵
ͷЩȻ³áãͻȻʲôƵģֿڵҲĪҪƷң˵ȥ
񼣬Ҳ֪ڴ˴ΪҲͬӴƷңΪʲô֪أԽԽˣкܶ벻ͨĵط
ҵ˼ΪЩ·գȴԶңңһ䣺ʲôˣ
ԶԶȥ˻Ĵ½ǣϵĴҲƮգһʮǰǳ¹ǰ㣬ӢϹаȵЦݡ
ǰƺƮһӯӯƮü䣬ǿЦһ֮УͬĴ紵ɢŮķһ㣬һжĲ
ԭ㡣ԯһ˵Ƴȴֻ˭
ֳִһݣ³ƵҵС诣̫ӵ񡣡
ԭԯ㻹ύ˵֣ģԯһһЦԯɫЩΣͻȻʶԯйϱ㺣ѲΪԯã
ԯæҡͷ˵Сүˣλǿ֮ˣСүҪΪźá
ɫһ죬ɬɬ˵Ϊѣ㲻𣿺ߣҲҪһ뿪ſǰɣ
Сүôô˵ԯڵ¶СүʲôСүҲӦǺġСүĪҪߵ˶߲źá
սҲЩ֪δĩˣ絭һЦһЦǰ㣬Ƚ
ܺã˵̡תͷȥӰʧУֻǱӰȴ¼ŵĺܡ

һʮ һƷң

ص֮£ҾͬԯһȥƷңھ᫵ɽ·֮Һԯһɽɽһεķǰ
棬ڷſԯһͣס˽ţסңһ˺ܶ飬ֻϣ㿴ʲôܽΪѾʵˡ
һһĵģܾμԯһЩطǲԾﲻԾԯѾ˷ţľ֨һ죬ڴ㣬ڵİǼ򵥣ȴĺܡ
ŵڴٵĽŲһϮǳɫȹŷƮ裬һ𣿡
ϤһԾһƷңƷңƷңԾһЦǣֻѲǰۡԭĳһ٣ͻԳŮ˵ζ
ңҲסˣĿңͻȻֹͣеĶȴˮЩ΢΢ţ㡢㡭
Ҵǰץס֣ʵĳ˵ңҵң˵꣬ƲסԼ§סЩӶôġҺܵ㰡㱻°ߣ֪жൣġ
㣬ҺܺãҺܺãأûңߣÿɺãƷңҲıסңҸܵĵҼϵĶͷ鴤ʮأȴҲֲ徿ڳ鴤ڳ鴤ǹͬڳ鴤
ҲܺãҲܺáǧȴ޴˵Ʒң֮ΪٵĿԶͷεѣҲǼĵûκаˣѣʵǷǳϧġ
ԴӶ֮ҵԽԽˣĭҲͬзϣһ䲻ңܽĻţʵáı°𣬲ҹЩ£ĺҸ强˶˵һ˵ֻǼƷңȴһʱ֪˵ʲôźá
Ȼ˵ģȴֻûһ䡰Һܺá
ҺƷңֿȴһҵͷ΢΢¡СЩʱҹദ˿¾ֻԯһˣĺǡ
Ķӡ૵
ûԯһվ˳ƽƷң§ڣƷңҲĵĻƷңĺҵģѾĸˡ
ãǵ΢΢͹𣬴ԡ䡱һըһ㣬ǺãƷңмҵ˰÷ķκ磬ôԺԯһ
ֲһֱúܹ֣ˣǰԯᵽƷңʱǺܿĳƶԷֻ߱Ƚ֮ΪƷңɸոĸۡȴƺƷңΪƷңֻҵʱԯ̫һʱͷȴûз֡
Ҫ־͹ҰɣƷң¡ԯ赭д˵Ҳ޷һ㡣
ʲôں̬ʵǽëˣקס죬쵰֪֪ôҪң
꣡ԯһмĳһߣԭΪӲСڣͬӲֻͬû뵽ҲǳΪŮӱӦֻܵͥŷŮǻû뵽ԯһ㣡
ұ˵ǰ˵ûǴӶʮһʹԽȥִ˰ҲӦƳ𣿿ǡǣƷңѾԼļͥôǱļͥοҪŮԺôأ
㣬㲻ҪһҪ־͹ҰɡƷңһЦЦ֭һ𣬡ƷңҲ֪ôʵڲԣֻеʱ򣬸鲢ܱǿƵġһǱమˣһжңĴ㲻Ҫһ
ҡҲ֡ҹָʲôⱾ˼ҵļ°Һιأֻǣ֪ΪʲôҵǺܶ£Щй
Ȼǽ㡣Ʒң˵סҵ֣ͷԯ˵㿴Ҿ˵ͱ˲ͬˣôöأ
ľݱȽϼªƷңԯҺƷңһ˯ԷԯһƷң˷ܵʰʰǣæµӰͻȻҲЩȻˣôõŮ˭ܲϲأ
ֻǣ԰ԯԯϲôᣡҵͷһִ⾿ô°Ϊκҳһأԯһѵ˫ôھϲϲأƷң֪֪Ĺȥأ
ڳУƷңȴסҡ
㣬ǻǵ
εĳһЦûˣûûԤϵ£ԯһ£ֻûϵѡ
̾һô˵ҲֻڰοԼѡûϵϵûϵĺ࣬ͬ硢硢Ĺϵ˭ϵģء
֪ʵԾɴŽ٣ֻЩķ̫ˡתͷңһ峺ͫҸ財
ʵһǰң°֮ԯӱȡң䵭ֻΪ˽һ仰ǰǣ°ǵ书ǿöԷҪЮһҪ־ܣʱһһ磬ȴΪұǷݶ飬ǽҴ򶯡
֮뾡˰취Щѡֻǣǵʱɽǰ·գ׷һо綾ǶӹǼࡣҺΪ˶ܵ˵׷ҪٲŪñˡ
ҹûΧʱ㽫§ڻȡůΪ˾ұҧˣҲԸΪǶΪӣʱĺܿ࣬ȴĺܡģ֮һĪ㺣֪Ҳñκ磬ָͬҶκĸܲһ
СͬκһͬҪһֻҪܿġΪǰ飬ʵҴˡһ˲Ǻһܿģǣĸо

һʮ һƷң

Ļидʱ򣬲֪ʲôԭ϶Ǹ㰮ˣͷȴֲҪˡʵȣǱˣҺңӲȦ֪ǿǿɱ
㣬ң֪Լܲԣ˫пʼǹ⣬ֿҵֵңԸľҲΥԼԸΪ֪ҴصκߣôҶһƽ
ңֹںУ޷ʸ޷³
һҺܻɣң滨ɬ
ᣬ֣ңģҲֻԼĶѡֻǣܵܶ˵·ߡ
ƷңֳֵָЦݣң£ңҲڣһ㶼ڡңԸһֿңһ᲻֡ңҲƭκ磬ңҲھһӡ
ңԺġ۵ĸķ١
ң¡ңĿúܼ㣬ңЩȻ⣬ұ¸ҵȥһ˵ңңҲ뿪ֻҪһԣǼҪ˵Ҳκη
ңұᶨˣ˵ʵΰҲûмֻңеĹâȴڻ˵ıɽһ㣬ĵƬǱһů䡣
ٴֿ֣ͬ˵ңȻˣֻףǡѣϣǶԹú˷ܺҸһգ˶ҪΪǣΪУҪǣһ֧ǡһһеԣҲһȥԡ
㣬˵Ŀģ㲻ң㲻Ϊңϲɵˡ𣿡ңץҵ֣ʮּ
ǺǣһһЦȻİ۶ԴⶼľֻҪ㲻ڣȻҲڵ֧㡣
̫ˣƷңĵĽǼıסңǳжҾ֪һ¶ңõˡ
ңһֱܼʵرڿܣӰе̥ǶԲסңԯˣǽҵĿڲŷ޲Ž˯
ŲԣĴϣ˯˯档֣ң˯֮ȴôҲ˯ˡҶԣһҵͷγһƲʣƲʱ任ɇַһ㡣
ҹ֮ʱ̾ȥ滹һС𣬱Сĵһ߳䡣
ڣԯ϶ƣⰵһסֻǰݡ΢΢˼£ԯӰҲ˻Σ޳ԾͬҸʶǰ㾫¡ŴϡŹֵ˧ҲǼ˸飬Ҫ֮ԯɫܼ
ԯһ֧ϣһֻֽƱ ¾ƺӣڱǰᣬȻ˫ۣǱһǸоһī·ӣһ֡
ֻ֣ô򵥵ĶȴǱʱ䶨˸һҲ˧ЧӦɡ
ǶʲôΪλ˯һ䵭ֻƺѹӦ³˯ңɡ
ѵûʲôͬ˵𣿡߽˵
˵ʲô¾Ʊ̧ͷţһƬɬ㿴ıҪ˵ģ֧ңҪˡ
أҴĻ
סˣƬ̺Ż˵ ûСүΪ㶨ҪôôԵңķŮΪҡû뵽ʱ㻹ҵġɵѾͷ
ҵ΢΢һȣԯһ˵ɺ䣬ȴе˵ľˣǻص˴ǰ
ңҸҪѡ˭ѹҶ᲻ġԼ鰮սϾǸܽôʸأ
ֻǣϣҵѶܹҸֻҪҸǼʹѣҲһԡڣֻ㣬㾿ϲ绹ƷңԼ𣿡
棬Լ㾿ϲ绹أ
棬Ҳ㲻ţԼҲţҾȻϲһŮˡԯһ˵ͬСү飬Ѿǳˡ˵ҲûнҷŽ˵ţƳһۣסǸˣʼֻһ
ұĻһ£ǹֵĸо˲ӿ磬Ҹ˵רǵģרһרһԶǵò¡
ԣҲᡣӽҵֻңĸӡСүһпǷģϾҵȵġԣԾɻΪЧֻҪҪģҲȡ
ҪͬκΪˡ޲ǵ˵
ûа취ʵˡǣҲǵն˵ЩͬңһǶҪˡһգңһ壬Сүұվһߣ˵
ۿ΢΢ʪѵķθ֮Ƕô˸ж棬㲻䣬㻹к飬ĸǶĹЩΪ¶㡣
ԯһΪң˵ֻܲҸжأ
棬㣬ǴصСүߣǼ磬ֻǣҪأҿó㶼ĵģֻǣﵽװһأ

һʮ һƷңģ

ԯһЩ֪λشʵҵҲ⵵ˡκĺܻңʵ޷ʲôǵľ
֪ǲǱޣͻȻҲԼĶеʱ򵥵˵Ĳұ֤ԯܲڵ顣ʱԷȴ΢Ŀ
ǵǰ˷Сѧǧƪһɣ˵ÿдĻáһ䵽ϵݡʵ仰пŵĳɷ֣ȴҲʵʡ
ɽŵشƫƧ徻ĺܣʱΪҹ΢øοƷңĿ϶Ҫܶ࡭
Ϊ˱ⳳƷңʶѹɵת˻⣺Ŵ˴ϣ֣Ҫְͨ취˶ͬѰұأлԼòģҪҲò
棬˲Ա˽ʹǶ硢ϣΪǻôأֻй֮޲ա
˼һ£ԯһ˵ĶԣûԸֵıأû˻Ը˵õء̧ͷʣԯң𣿡
ıһݣѾҪվǱˡ
˵ֻҿԴ򿪱صڣ𣿡
Ҽǵд˵Ůߵ¡ԣҲδûпܡܽһ˵˵ƱҪվˡ
֣ͬԯһĶԻǴʣһ£ȴҲһ˼
ԯĵһЩΪɺ͵٩ζ˵Ϊϲôܣµһɱ֣˭ܻ㡣
Һܸмԯ˵һ仰ʵѼ겻һҪʲôȴ˸мԯһΪҪңһֱЧҵ磬ܻпܻᱳѣҲϧⷬ飬Ϲ¹µ˵Ǹء
ԣҪô㣿ԯһҵ˼
Ҫĸҿżɽ˵ȥͬ˵Ҫ֮ʹҪȫΣҪ֪ѰһϢ
㵽ҪʲôԯһɵڵӦòֻǵҪñô򵥰ɣ
ǺǣĺˣҲģֻҪҶѡ
Ҫʲô
ȥҴ̽ǵϢҪ׼ȷϢһصԣö֮ˣҵİȫ㾡ɷġ
ֻǣҲĵıƷңƷңף㱼븮Σաڴ˵أһ᳣տġ
ãƷңͰˡһֱɽŵڰڸ󷨣ñ׽ͰҰڲһ°ɡ
ҵͷԯƷңİĳ˵һһѪɱ֣Ȼùһĺѵá
ڶһ磬ұƷң˵ҪԯЩ飬Ȼɽŵڴ˼󷨵ϣԯһ뿪˹ȿڡǸһƥٶȲ죬ȴҲ·һ
ǹɳҿһӰŰվԶԶĸߴǵķ͸¶˼һԵҲȾԯִűӵֻ˻ӣȻ㲻ٻͷ
ϵߣЦ˵ԯҿҪ㺢ӵĸŶ
ЦЦ⽫ЦɹɽӲӵģĵͷ˰ɫȴǸҫۡҰ̾ţÿжӥһգȴԸһֻȸʱµܴݻһ˵ı԰
ȻҡͷһЦһ˵ʲôұǰ𣿵ִڰ֮ʱҲҲͷһĳ𣿺Ǻǣ˭ûʸ˵˭ҽԷˣȥأ
ϣſڣͬԯһֵΪ˾ǱߵĶԯ㳭С·ϣһױ麯ң麯ȥ磬Ȼ˳ıĻ
ʹ߸ϣ־齫ʱﾹʼսҵ΢΢ЩЩǶôĿط갡˺ܶٴĳȴ
Գԣɱ˵˶﹫ӣ֪ʲôأʵ
Ļ㣬ÿζҪӣȻǸĿڹӣǴҶΪ﹫ӣ͵͵ȥǵĺ飬侲ΪССʱĸ׾סĸңĸһұС˵ļĸҵˣϰ߳﹫ӡ
ĸȻüȤĶ˵ϾȻ֮գǵһμȻر𣬶Ѱ֮ˡⱦأ֪֮𣿡
ΪⱦҲҪԵ˵ġȻⱦڵ²ôЩ꣬ΪԵ֮˻δԣһлԵĺáþĻش
Ŷ¶аɵЦݵۻ˼ôЩʵۣ治һ㰡
ˡҸϽֻ֣޵֮ˣĶʲôֻյ
ŶԼƷƷȻͻȻ˵Ҿ֪ϣҲû˿һ㣬˵Ļ¶ôڲͬĸǷӣκҵõˣȴʧȥˣǿɱ

һʮ Ǳһ

ĻǼŵһ㣬ҵļ䣬̲ס˸սСиë˵ˮȻ֪ʱ򣬾ϲЩνκҵഺ֮ԾǶЩĵĻĺܡ
¿кµǣ˵СܷΪ·ֵһ˵֪ΪΣĵ׵İ֮ʱӿҲãδҵģվԲôΰɡ
޵֮ˣ֪ο֮ԳЦЦаȵԽȻѵ׼ҵӣҲǵ֮˰ɣһЩճղ鰮֮ˣǳٿຣ޲ɼǰɣ
º룿ҡҡͷ֮˷ԷθˣӦ롣ǵңҲɶ֮֡ڣ䣬ڱʽ
ɣҵĻתȥ
ҸϽ̾һַȥǵĺ顣ҿô͵ĺƤ򶨣Ȼղһ׼Ҫӵġұ֮ҵĺܡСѧϰ䣬鼮Ҳֻйء˽ҽдҴЩҲȫʲô鰮֮С˵ϲʲô𰡵ĳϹϵ
ǵ֮ǰҲлԵĺл·ˮĵͬǽ𾭷ҶһоȤĽŹǷӻֽЩ˸ϽߡÿÿˣȴסңЩеʿһ˵Լӱ߻ˣʧ֮ġ
ǲмһˣҲ벻Ⱥеʿۡÿضҡͷ̾ľɵҲʱ٣ǲͺ¿ţϵô˵ң޷ţ˵Сľǻ񻨴㣡
ԣҶԷ𾭻ߵ֮ģνһϲͨȻ˽Գй֮ţǸղʱѾþȫű˵ЩӹȥҼ˵ԻٵʿԭΡ
ڷʱ򣬿µʷ𣿡ͻȻڵ
ʷ磬ģȻֳʷһС㰡ԭΪҲǸˣɺã㻹ʷ㵽׻жҲ֪أ̾ҵ֪ľɹȥأ⻨Ӵܲõû㣡
ҵӿȣɱ滹װһĮӣ侲ʵ޵֮ˣмɹ롣µĹ£ֻ֪֪̫࣬һˡյ¸ղԣΪ˵̫𣿡
ƾԶĬĬվŲãﹾһĻǻƮƮģһΪԼĶ˻˵ĵ׵̫
ĻּǱѾõ궯ôһ˲䣬ȥ˵Ҿ㳯˼ĺ룬˼ڤ룬˼ҹ˰ǣԶֻ˼ҡ˵ǣ˵ǵСǡ
֪걾Сү֮ʱδᣬý֮ȨԱƲͬҵأҲǿе̫
һǳµĶʽɣʱİŮӳ嵽ҵǰ˵ңҪ£ϧʱҲϧӲǽ͸ˡ룬Ļڲ
͵͵˵丵ˮҵͷǴҴصʱ̡һǵãǰǰͬҵĸ飬Щ֪ȫĥģƺٶȾʹ
ְסؿڣǾǰܵĸоҪ֮ʱؿȴһů⡣һΪҴİָȴůůĸоĵ׵ɻȻ
΢ɺԵ촽ʵʵ¼ȻΪβȥΪβ׵µأ
ûлͷƺһֱԼĻУ૵ҸôأôԲǵأǺǡЦţǳԼڳͷҰҪҪͬ
ǡѵĴŶģȻʧȥ˼𣿡£˶ˣȻ漣ıһ˾κȴʧȥ֮ǰļ䡣£ɵ棿
ɱң˫ָ󣬹ϵƮŷ趯ǱӰͬԶ໥ӳͬһȾķ羰㣬á
ðΣգǱԶǣҪһ棬ͬ˵ϧȴʱΣ֪һһҩݾ˱ֻǱʳҩ֮󣬻ɥʧ֮ǰȫ䡣
ʧǼ˳룬ΪһٵĹȥһͬĹȥߵǷǺڰףİˣ˵Ǳʹ֮ˡΪйܣߵȫ룬Լˡʦһ֮ʱǼʦаļƻҽʦ̾ʦһΪңȴߵǡ
ҵؿȼܻ棬ɶأҾȻˣǸΪʦֶϱˣ֪Уȭͷǻķ߿ţøηй
֣Ϊλͬ˵ЩͻȻתӣоһĨɱ⡣ıٴǿεϣ㾿ʲôˣΪαʶ
סǿĵļ侲ĻشŲ£ɽСɱˡֻǣԯҲŲ֪ϻм˿õµķۣ
޵֮ˣҲ֪µ˽˻ʼʷͬ˽Ҳֻǣ֪ͬЩǽɾɡ
û˵и棬㾿Ǻˣȵ

һʮ Ǳ

㵽ʲôˣһ˵
ãһղ˵©ˣס˼ǿظķΰĿȻæԣھƾͼƣ˳ĻϹͬ߹ҲƼˮ꣬Եɺ֮ѾԻԸԵɣҲš
΢΢һ˵ȫҪ秵ģҪĸĸŵһ𳤴ҲЩϰߡȻҵˮƽҪͬ˽̸Ҫװˣ׽⡣
Ŷԭˡüͷͬ˵ʲôˣԹң
Ҹ˵ʲô˵Թޣ˵ʵң˵ʵҲصߣ
ͻȻżôһ˲䣬Ҳ֪Ҫͬ˵ʲôˡƺǧһ˲䣬˳һˮǳ޽ĳĬ
ҵ飬ͬ˵Թ벻Թкηֱ𣿽ûһҲһ˵ЩѾûˡ
ǰСˡ˵ӣᱻЩ¾ֻѹûҷŽĵ׹͸֪Щʲô磡
Խľᣬʲô磬˵ʲôŭ𽥽ȭͷҲʼսƴȰ˵ԼҪסҪ嶯
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ЩҲͬ˵ģž
ǣЩԯͬҽġһȻ˵Ǹͬҽģ¶ֻóԯһˡǣ꣬Ϊ²ɻɡ
ҹ֣תˡʵзġνͶ࣬ҸȻĶĸоȻỳ֮Ĺ磬ҹȥԹ񣬲Թˡ
ûúұյԯһķɸ봫顣ԯһµһɱ֣ҲѵĶ˲ţЧ֮죬ŸճþϢ
ҴӷɸϰͲż㣬˳Ÿӵë˳ŴŷɣֹţҲǺþûԹˣĳòˣֻèǺúÿһ١
ֽֽ̯Ť˵дż֣Ӫ⡣ˡԯһ书ѵУȴдúѿ
ˣһ죬߸ôḺأϣֻԺܿ쵽ȴҪӪկһأ⵽ôأģǶģҵ߰㡣
ΪܹƽҹĻٵʱﵽ˻㸸ӵķ⣬뿴ǿɲ԰ﵽҡδ뷿ڣұڴ󳳴µѾһһҹˣûϢһҪȥˡ
Ϊ˿ꣿڴϣյ˵ҵǾױ´ĺܣصġ˿̱ء
һΣװ˼Ŷ롣ڵӦ£ֲֳͬ飬һ죬һȴȻ
˵ʲôˮﳤ滨ҽеӣȥˣҪ˼Ұ˵ţˮ絽ҵϡ
ǵûδԽ֮ǰĴȫǾһλڵ˶Աĳùھˮźˮˮֳһֱģ񻨼絽ϵҲˮȴأ
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ӡ˵ţҪί黹Ƿǻ顣˼ң˼ĺܵ㰡
ҵĶô˵ȻΪЩҽܲˣҲ֮ҵĵѣůЩжȴǿ޿㲻ˣֲֳܱر
תϵĻҾ֪ˡı飬Ҳֳֵ̬һ嵭Цݣ֪Ǻˣ
»ֹͣʣȴԾǡҾ֪ˡǸݣЦʮ塣δȴקҵ䣬ں˵ʲôǵѵԼĶӶʶ𣿡
ȻһЦӳ˵ԼˣɻȴʵݶҪѲǾø治֪Ǿãĳй¶֣
ġͻȻһӲ֪˵ʲôá
߽㲻һһĽУڿˣʵҲʲô½ֻһʮ߽꣬㻹ֻһ
ʮꣿΪ㣬ΪȴֻĺͯģЩȡ˵ʵĳǾֻ꺢ͯܰõģֻһֱ벻ͨΪλֻģ
ȷȻֻʮꡣͷֻǣΪо綾ģ߶ֻͣʱֻͶ£ýҩֻǣȻ꣬ȴδŵкɽ˶ź
һԣɬҧĽǣͶȥɻŵͷȥ۽ǵ顣
찡ȻǸԽ桱ϣû뵽֮£ȻѾǸͣ
жеʲôΪλжأԾЩĵʵ

һٰʮ Ǳ

߼ҽ㣬û뵽ӵԭǸӣԭ߼ҽӦǽӲŶԡ
ҵɫȻһǰ˼ҵ˽ʲôȨأƾ䳰ȷʹǰСѾʮˣǲ˳ᢣǸء
һΣæקסҵ䣬һϿҵ˵ӣļҵĺӣǵѾ뵽һЩƽϵĶˣֻȱһζؼҩҩ
תתӣͻȻһ֣е˵ҩ߶ġ߲ʷɣ⻨ǽⶾʥ֣ȴһĮӣҩգҲǴԸʲôֵˡҪҪƭ¸¾ΪҽϵĶɣ
˵һĨϵਵӺڱȱҩΪⷬװҲΪ˵գ˫ĿӯӯҪˮӿ
㡣ɤӵպ󲻻ӣұȡ߲ʷΣ
棿»ͻһͬС
˵Ļʱƭǣ˦˦䣬ʹ֡ͨŦҪְλҵҪӦöİɡң⸮ڵа֮ѾȫҵˣҪҳһҩӦ¡
пʼССͻȻ˫ֱȭ˵ϣֿĶ˵ӵΪȡҩģǻһΪá
̫ˣСӳҵ񣬶ҵĳνǱ˺ü䡣ʼһԲѣΪⶾĻ㣬һֱףװɵѣ㻽ҸףֵֵٺʶͣĻҡӡ䳰ȷġ߼ҽ㡱ˣ֪ҿΪȡҩģұֳӡ
ȵȣӣΪʲôҪӣοһˣҪôСʲôңֻǸСܰʲô
ǿЩʲôͷң˵Ӳظ̣ȴѰ˿ɱȡܾȵңӽһλ£绢һ㡣
һ죬֪ǲʹòж£ֻǸʮްʮ꣬ʮڸʲôأһڵ԰ŸһƴڻأһɵĵԶߵ᲻ܵսҵĲһŽһ˳ûзء
ǿǰֿҲ֪ģͻȻҲκɾܾǣҰڰ֣˵ֻΪ³ٰҲü
תԻи񣬴ȥеСҪȥĶ
ͰͲ֪ûʲôǷӣȴøЦǳ΢΢һЦͬ¼̫˵ԣС诡Ժٽдˡ
һЩԼҪʱĺܣôܴƭ߲ʷһ˾ա
һҹҶûô˯þһֱʲôɵ͵߲ʷңһֱε½ҩ󣬿ʼͣĳ󣬸첲ȶúܳȻĳЦ˵ǳ˴Ч
͵һѣǰȴֳһ˧µףаȵ˫ƺЦ⣬ͫﷺĹҪһľ֭
һһָ̽Լգ̫ˣûжȥƤ־˯ˡȻľ룬ҲԾɰڴôùˡ
ƳֻǺ˿ȴܺܺõĽһ𣬳˴Լǿճϵķ϶ġ
ҰһƽĵĲ󣬶˵ʲô¿ɲǵõϲз֮񱡣
΢΢ǴŲмĳ˯ĺ㣬̴ţȴǻĲͷ˰ɣ
£˴ɣعǰң֮ǰӦѯʣôòѵ²֪ôĿʼ߳顣
ߡñӺ߳һȻת˴ࡣһҪֻ˵һ䣺ҪǻǶӻʵʵɺá
ȫĶҶ˵ҵġӡΪҵĶӡôڻ֪أ￪ʼ㷲磬ҪЮⷽ棬ǵһη֣ͬҵĶ磬ʵǲµġ
磬иţϵųʲôƵģҪ˵ӦϯѰģֻ͵ӣðͽǰ嵭˵ƺ˵һƽ£޹ҵ¡
²ºôͻȻתͷ࣬ԾаȣȴҲħ㹴Ļ꣬˵Ϣҵϣġ
ʾŬԼǡ
ǺǡһЦ˸Ҽڴڲָ̧࣬ҵұܵȥ赲˽նˡ
֪㾿ʲôˣ᲻ԯһƭأаȵЦ˵Ǿڸոգ֪ˣǸŮˣĶء
һҴĶˣǰһ谡۾ɫڳˣصؽлҩݽͫɫʱıͳһǾζ
ʼҲڻɣԯ֪ǸƭӣΪλôأԭķЦָζҶʵ鷢ˣǸŮӰֲãԯôΡԭԯҲϡŮ˵ġС˰Ǻǡ

һٰʮһ ̹棨һ

أԯѣ˵ɶԵꣿס侲˵ԯһΪ˵ڵӪ̽Ϣȴ˵¾ô
Ŷ̽Ϣ㵹˵˵̽ʲôϢأȤ˫ۡ˵ô
ȻġҿʼЩ಻ס
ŲǱ˵˲㲻ΪʷǼǰ㲻Ҫô
磿˵˰磿ܣҼĽгһֵͬܣܻɱҲţ˵ʲôҲţ
ֵܣǣֵΣΪ˵õ£ʹοûκѪԵֵأ
ƾô˵ҾǲŶӻ˺ӡһ٣ж磬¶߹ͬ˵ĵؼΪ֮ˣϲᡭ
Թ˵Цˣܵĵλ֮ӵ£ȻҪʧȥණĶԹӦ˵ǰһӵġҶ֮ҡɣʱͬһЭͻʽѱʵǸ߼϶ҲǹӲɱֵġ
ֻͬ嶼ӲעˣעҪټüΪƺǳһԵʹ֮СȴǼΪĮ˵ҪɴߣҪؽԣʲôֵȫ˲ˣǺܶҲԸΪ˳ɴ¶Լ
磬ԯһҲ廰ԯеһһҪػˣȴõĹߣʵһֱԴ͸
ߡסҵ°ͣģΪĲô𣿲Įһ˿аȣСȵϲ⸱ʢ˵ģơ
ұǱ΢΢Щʹȴһ䡰ơ˵סګګʵ𣿡
˻˿ջס°͵ֺֻ֣ͷ£ҴӲѵóһ˿ɵı飬һΣƺֻصʮǰǸɵӡ
һδüعֻٴεĻȴģǰҲͬ˵ûǺͬҪͬۡϲӲʱȴ֪Ҫôദ
Ǽȴ¶ʧ֮顣ҵҲƺĻصһʱ⡣
㣬ΪβúϧҪ˵أʵЩ̲סˣ㽫Ļ˳ʲô
Ȼİ֮ˡشʮˬ죬ȴʮ⡣ϧȴܴΣϧȴһٶͬʧ֮ۡ
һٶͻȻﲻ̫Ծ
ǵģؾɽׯˣұයձģϧȴͻȻյϢ˵ҵΧءˣҲòʱ棬ȥҵ˭֪ȴ
ǰʱĺܲңûˣ󣬶һʧʱ͹ȡٻͷȴʱ²ʲô
Ҽǵǰͬ˵Ĵ۱㲻ۣ˵ĿҲÿʲôѹ飬ֻҪٹͷ㲻жѹˡ
ͣƬֿ̣ڵҰĵٴΰȥʱҲȥйҪʱҾһʱԣΪͬ绥㺲Ըͬ뿪սٴδ֮ʱҲٴ뿪
ƣ¼ҲòӢ֮ŮֻһԶǣҽںδȴ˵ܾ֪һģȴиңػµ룬Ҳûͬ͡
˼ĸԵԯͬҽǣðΣǱѱΪԶǡҾϣܽߣӴ˱ûֿܷǡߣ˵ҲǾᣬȻˡۼӣȴֻͷɵѾͷ֪ұҪץ
ǣٴŪǣȺͻʶǾȻû롣ȴǳϮˡ컯ŪˡұȻ֮ڵϦһλķĸ˾ҡҳԵҩȴиãǱǰ¾
Ҵ˸ʲôҩô֣εúˣȴȥͻȻһ⣬㣿֪ΪΣȴûǻ֪ҩ˭µġ
֮Ǹ˸Ұµ˵ҵҴΨһˡǼ˻˵Ҵ޵ŮӱӸ棬˵Ϊ˶񶾣˵ö֮һȻΪаŮӡ
أ̫ɶˡҺ޵ĥûңû㡣
ôͬҲв֮𣿡ͻȻתһ̽鿴ҡͻȻ뵽ʲôƵģϵָһĮĻٶ
ôͬ˵Щ֪ܵ˶̫á
Ҳ΢һЦǵȡ㲻·ϻôࡣ¿Ͻﻰ˵ȻǷҲὫ˵ȥ˵Ҳ֣ⷬȴЩʶ
תͷȴ͸һϣȷȻ֮ǰҲ˵Ļֻʱ򣬱ʶǰΪǱŮӡ
תͻʵٴʱͬûл棬Ǻʱ˵ղŵǷأĺҲ˵һ
£ˡð֪Ǻʱָأǵ֮ûټ߹أŶЩ̽ҿʵ
ָܹ֮䣬ҲǶ档

һٰʮ ̹棨

ʲôжҡ棿ұĻס¶ţʾ
ð˵˵ʲôʲô֮ˣֻſ˵ĺ棬ԽԽͬżơ˵˵ţת˹ҵֻϱһȣתͷȥ
мЦЦҲ˰ɣԸʮƣŻΪ֪ĻҲ㡣ҷģƾѣұ㲻ᶯС
ЦԸģҲ䲻ȵĳллˣллȫҡ
ǲ֪𣿻ӳҩԻô
ڿԺ˵һ£ôָ˰ɣû˵
ǡꡱһЦǸɵϣҵʱȻûϳʱҲʧȥ˼䣬֪İ˾ǰ
£ҪӺܾ֮ǰ˵ʱǼضԱ˵嶮֮ͨõǱǴŲԣԭͬҺмֽĭһ׽˻
ʵҺ֪ԭǺĭͬһ㽫ҵĹȥͱ´˾֣Ҫֽ˽ҵֳ֮졣֪ĭӲ齵ǣöŰĭӣĥĲΡ
ֶһ˹ͷ棬ҽԽһͻʺס˱˴ǣԼĭӿԤδãǲܣҲ֮ȥҪЮ棬֮Ǵ洦
ֻʱ̫ǸˣƵóѡһüȣȴΪļƴŮӣΪѱЩϹƭңصĹϵʣû룬иˡ
һΣҵѾΪҵԵ˴ݲеĥḷ́ص˼Ȼܣһʯ֮ƣҲܼˡȻһǵ䵽ϡҲҡҡͷǲ󰡡
ǵͻʣǽź׵ʷҲǸ߼϶ĸ󻼹ͼֻ߼ԻԼ˼°ʷǽҲҵĴȻҲʷǵġ
ǣΪ˴̽ͻʵĻϢװɹŮͻڣϣڹ㲼ߣɱʷǡ
ЩװɹŮЩļӿ죬ƺֻҪһ㲦ͻ㸲硣
ʱдʧܣһͥԺƽʲôů񹬡š
۵һʯҵͷϣԲԣӦ˵ǡꡱһҵͷϸΪȷС˵ÿһÿһƺСĵǣĵײӡ֤ŵĲ²⡣
ʱΪĹͣסůңҵûϳȴҵ׷һˡʱҶǷĺܣȴһ㶼⡣
汾磬ȴϲأһֱһŵĺܣȴΪʧȥ䣬ΪʲôѾˣǿЦĽ˵ţϷ𴿴Цݡ
ԭԭôôҲԼĶ䣬ֲҾʶĸоֲһЩСʾͻͷֲۣԵعϸҲôжӡԭԭ
ԭǸ๫૵
ŶҲ֪๫תͷһЦЦݾǰÿȴһа̽ҵķʹĺܡͬϵܽ๫¶ˣӦǺܺõѰɣЩʱôΪƽҲԵˡ
ͻȻתһ㣬æķоҪϢһ㡣๫磬๫ΪʲôΪʲôǰȴϲأ
ʱһ˵Ļ˵ȫµĵһÿʱЦݡңÿÿ̸죬мУһЩҵĹȥйصѶϢҲΪЩÿζͷѡ
ǰҲЦ磬һĸ߰ԴһаЦݣһأ绹˭أɵˣûвϢ֮ʱȻ͸ҵУȴãȻ֪
ʵһֱҵġһʱȴ˵һҵ飬Щ⣬Щ𺳡
ǵ£µʱϲüͷǵʱϲ׽ө棬ϲ˱ȽҲǵġũΧСƽԭЩսԣǵñĸļʮģǵñпδƹĺ̥ǡ
ǣȴͬ˵ǿѡԸҴδʶҲùİ·ʱ˵ʹǶġ
ʱ˫ǱĿĹʣʮϤĸо룬ҲֻӻˡһᵽͬһйϢһΪźմȾһ˵ҩƫͷʹëܶ¶ǲˣ磡޴һΪͻ׵Ĺ
棬Ǹһǧ˰ٶȵɢӣҺ޺޵ԼȴҲܲʵҶԴ̫ӿȵľȫӿϣ̾⻹ӦǾ䡰ʹӦʶ
ͬҳʱĳɣҵļ俪ʼաҲ֪ΪΣʼ˵Ļǣұ滹˭֤£˵˺ܶ࣬Ѿ˻߱ˣֻһƷһԿʡ

һٰʮ ̹棨

أ૵ߵĻ䣬ƺ˱˵Ĺű˵ıһ㡣
ߡЦȻҪָ˵ġȥ˹ƶһ㣬֪ϵɣȻƭҡ˵࣬ÿһ仰ӡ֤ͬ˵ǧȷʵ
ǰʵҾˡͬ˵ǰµʱҵԺǻһЩ棬ȴǲšգҪԼ
֪֮ȻʲôˡҺܷŭļˣƭʦ䱾İ֮ˣñ¶ԲЩ£˵Ⱥϣ
ʲôһҪʲôԻԲԸҲƥ򳷱Ӣ뱾ΪСǲǵġأҾġ㱳Ҳν
ֻǣؽƻĺܡ֪ȻƵʧȥǣҲ֪ɽıڱصáԣʱȴñҪЮ˵ϿԴ򿪱صֻһˡ
ǣڱأȴɱ޲ʳѪйͷֻޡû뵽ȴ˻Ǽ˾Ȼ˺УͼҵĺŮţһߡ
ͻȻǶʱ⣬Ƕα֮ǰʱ⣬ҺһڵСñӶʵҲǴûϵ벶ȸں
Ҳļȴ֪Ȼ˱һѨؾȳֻǣȴ֪ʲô˾ˣǣҲûټүһǳͷңһǿ˲ϧ棬һһεʧ˵ƽȴˡ
ȻȻҲ֪ⱦصģ°أȴûнԿףд˵ԿڵεʱˣȻȴϷʵҲȥʱ򣬷ų̫˵ǡָ̫ʵأ档
ҡ棿һʱӦʲôʱ̫ˣݿһ̫
̫ߣЦҵĻ֮ԱǣûȻһͬ湲ĻֵõǶԱأȴ̯øרĵôõ£
춨ȻҲ֪ĹƣȻҲ֪䡣ֻǣʧٵټȴʵĺܡ
²ѹ࣬һƽµġֻ˰ο֣˵Լ࣬ƺĽ
֪ŲæĴҵĻ֪û£һǱ¼׳£ֻǱ˿ȴδй꣬µĳ񶼿ȻԣΪֻϲһŮӶҪۣ
¡ϲһˣֻۣҲۡһգҵĸ鲻ڣЩĻСĥǺεȵ뱯
Щȴֻĵףܶ˵ϣгһգҿԼݣ׿ڶ˵Щ
֪ڳͷӵʱѾΨҶӣ䵭ȴ⵹ͬЩơԣҪͬ춷֪ѰᶨȻܽˣԱţȸԶͶ
ͶҾ˵һжֻǸ֣һеľĶֻѣ𣿡
ȻҪûдǱҲڱصáνһʯ֮ƣϵǡĺܰ
ͻȻȻˣǰһҪҳҵġοϱɽصԿףұȦǿ˫ϲŰͻȻĵȴһʶҲҲǲĿǲ֪ҺζԴҡ
ȻǽΪ¶ĳȴĿежٷЩ⡣ҲΪһıѣҶ˶ЩΪĸоʹٺãҲر㡣
Ϊ뷨ЩζĳɷУֻȴӼᶨ˼¶ݵ˼ͻȻúǺЦһҪ̹֮ʱǷݸоӦúǴ̼ա
ͬ˵ĻⱲҪİɡĽȫˣƲʲôᡣֻǲ֪Ϊʲôв׵㺰Ǻ̽ĵ׶뷨
ߺһֱ˼˵ĻＸعˣǼĵӿϵȷһɸӵĸоûߵʱƤ߲ͬʷЩֵģκҼ˵ҪɣֻǱЦ˵ͬһϲôƤ
ŭɣ˵ҺƤȥȭμ£òͷֻҲˣթҪҴӦһʱû뵽˵պֻءЭ̣Υ׳ܶԲѣһĻЦţӦȥԸ߲ʷ͵ҷ䡣
¼ϷүֿʼĦҪҪȥӪ̽һ˵ĸ߼޵߲ʷǶ̾˾µͣͣ˰
ҽ͵㷿ڣŵñӱûϵҵİЧʾȻ֮ߣЩסĿǺ⣬羴Ľеҩҩ
һҲЩָֻ֮˫ֱȭ˵ʮǣ˵ˡ

һٰʮ º

壿ҵ￪ʼһϯҽίʵǳһ㣬ڱӶĿһ˿˸ȫס
Ӳ嶼û˵ɣıָֻǰƽһ˿޺ļЦǰҲżֵ⡣УӲ֪ô
һСͷڴҾʮûӣǱ㾽ȵĻشȷȻ֪ܶģ䴫ҲЩţܾҲңäδףҪͬһ֣֪̽ܡʵЩǣǿ
ˣͻһԡꡱЦЦ˵Ӵ˹Ȼ˵ãҽڽƱ綼˵ûʡ
ҶͷͻһһС˵ĳЦҲ̫Ҷˡ
ɫڣæɫӲ֪Ҳֲӣͬ˵˵ʷ¹ʰɡ
ӼȻŮˣӦ˵иԣ˵ǡŮߵ¡룬ӦҲף⡮ŮˡָıŮػıءȻǧŮȻǼ޸ЩӢľϧȴһͳһ£Ϊ˭ûҵЩء
Ȳ˵ⱦؾлûУҲ˵ܲҵŮ˵Ĵ˵ԴӦİɣ
ҵͷ֪һЩġԳûףܶ鶼Ǵġţںܾǰ꯺ʹոսˮݣƹ꯻ҲĹ壬һĹȻ˵İȴҵң˽ˡ
͵͵ͻӣĴƱͻͬԭɽǵĶͬ˹ŮߵһԴҶ²⣬ǱصԿ׾ͱ˹Ůഫҽʱҵģһһ˳
˵ĲڹʱĲ˹ŮǷǳһ壬λ൱ڵĹֻǺ˹ˣŲÿʢҵľŮˣŮ˲ų˺ơƷһ㡣
ԣλŮ֪ԼŮԼ˶Ҫ縺ػصʱҲصĸܵļ尵ﱣԼĺˡ
ĸֱǣơ¡Ǻͺš峤ԭ򳼷Ů壬ԡ塯֮ģԼÿһε峤ȥŮ˵Ĺ
ռı令ҽǵı첢ǺγɣԴ̥ŵģ˿νġʿȻֹͬȴ˴ϱ˴Э廹Ӧɺȴң彥ŮˣԷչԵļ壬ƺӦԼŮ˵壬ȫˡ˵˵ţв⡣
ղ˵æתƻ⡣
ǵģ˼һ峤˼һѾһ֧ˡϧֻʣǣǶ˵峤»һ֮
һ֮ǲ裬ίʵҲûʲôæҪǰġֻͻȻһ£ռ岢δ壬Ҳͬûʲôˡ
ӴԺν⣿ͻȻ˾
ǰôδ塯ȴ֡ͬûʲô𡯣ҲһЩԻ
ڻԵɺʶĭӣȷȻҲԹĭӵδ֪ĭȣʧȥ֪Ҳͬˡǿϧ֪õаˡҲ̾Ϣҡͷ˵
аԣͻȻ૵ѵģ
ʲôţ
д˵ҽ׹Ƶĺһ峤ǸɵŮӣɫ峤ϴѣùթ֮壬д˵ĺ˶ϵĺӣͨ챾졣
屻壬ֱ壬ٺҲǧɱжȹġʵҶԷʣǴҶȴˣӵеһУŮ˵ģν֮
ϵⶾ˸µģʵ
Ӧǡҡͷ˶ʱУж֮ݶʱҲʱԷ¶ϣҪЮǣǵļıΪáֻϧӣԷ˺ģȫ
úţ֪˭𣿡
֪ʱǻС֪Էݡ˵һֱҴߣһֱƽҩǲ졣Իָˣ
˵ļΪпĲһֻʮĺ˵ڵġ뵽ĺˣ±мȻԣıԣǼӦļ֮ˣ˵ֳⷬӦһ㡣
ӣа취ټĺôͻȻڵ
͵͵ȥӪأӦлİɡôˣк𣿡ҽԼĴг
ģͨľӦҲͨҩģǿԵҲ԰ƴ˵ģǰɵ
һͷǶʥ¶࣬ӦЩʲôҽҽġ
Ӽ˴棬ʶҽҽɵģֻǣƵĵغõмˣǳ˵ѵҪȥЩòȻҽҽ𣿡
ģ㰺ͦص˵ģڣصҲ
ҺЦͷáڴƽҩȥӪأ˵ȥ̽Ϣˡ
ӣҪСţֿʼҧ˵ˡ
лл㣬㡣ҽһЦ⡣ոߣ

һٰʮ Ⱦһ

һޣǸϵԯһ˵ĵصϡԯҴһžǰָԶ̵Ӫ˵ƣǾﰲ
Ϣɿ𣿡רעǰ
ӦġҹǱӪϸ۲ˣȻԵӦĲĺزŶԡ
ʲôˣΪڴ˹ԯĻһ۵ϡ
һعͷȴɬСǰҵԺʱ죬ΧмģǷ۵Сɴ齫ţ˼ҹĹŮ䰡
ҸҪ֣ԯȴסңҡҡͷʾⲻҪͻȻ뵽ԼѲͬϣѹ˼֡
ǻأʲôˣ˿̲˵ĪļϸԵСкȵٲȻһӵܸе֮
ģЩʶϸϸһ룬Ӧǵֺ׿֮ӡơԵģƣһǵ꿴ҵһȴԴϺɫͫȴż㡣
ҵԱƶվһ浾ŮޣҪ곤һЩµѾԿΣŶⲻǵµǸѾ˱ˣ
ٲ˵ӱ㺰׽ǣƼûлظĻĹĵĳµ
һعһЦֵλСүˣͬλֻǸպ;ԡ
ҵĻû˵꣬Իġ㱻Ŀ˺ǹһ㣬ѸٳҵĻڣ⧲Ūˤڵء˵§ҵĲӣҵϡһ¡
䣬ǲˣǸ˰վһԲ˵
ζǲϴģ˵Ķǲϴģš
䣬ˣḸ˵ô졣վһԵҲ̲סˡ
ף죬˵ףǣף
εЦЦڰ˵СҿɲףǸ˰һ亹˵ĸŮģ䷢˷Ƶĳұĺ⡣ͬ硰ͬôãûзҵݣǽƾһ仰һԼһϤζϳңҲұӸж
㿴ɣҾ˵ףǿ϶ļϸһ˵
ﲻǼϸﲻǼϸͻȻе˻ߣȻޣײҪˣײˣΪʲô䣿ûˡ
໵ĺƴظǾ䡰ײˣײˣȻһѰѵĨεֻ̾ý뻳ڣ˵ԹŮ㲻׼洦Ĩ𣿶డСè
޵øˣССҵĻŤŤȥָֻı૵ĺԣûвҪ㣬ոֻǺġҪˣ԰
ֹסƻƺӳһˮȴԾֹסĳ鴤˵סס
ƺվһԵɴ飬ƺԾһţָңôᡭôᡭǸ˰
ЦЦҡҡͷϵļ˺һƬĶ˵һнпܡ
ǸСʹոջţھЦĿģ˵Ϸˣˣ컹ܱ֣ٲɻܱ
һû˵Ļ
νһԵʵ
ǰ˰£̽ҵΣ˵ֻתָ侲Һףǲ̫֪ҵ̫һ͵ģ
˵գתҪߣæסȻ˵ԣ̫أڻǵĸҵңͬǸ׽ԲصϷأǿҪҰȵˣٰ˵òã
׽Բأúɵң׻뿪𣿡
ᰡԣ׿ԻױС࣬СŮС̫ҲԵģͿˣҲ㰡ͻȻһơ
𣿡һʵ
ԵģԵģ˵ֻҪǴӦңһݺⳡϷҴӦǣǸһµΣĵ˵
ǵ֮ͬУͷ۵ı⼸Сε⡣ÿյúΪп࣬ϣǶԳɲţûЩҴ˿ջǣʵҲеˣСˡ
ģʱһֱһԲΪҲЩġ
ӳϲҲظ˵
Сư㻹С㳤˿ǧŮ˵Ļ˵ǾӲƭ㣬ƣΩŮСҲȻŮӵͬСˣұ㲻ǾӣƭкβɣСӺƭлЦ
Ƹ磬ʹӦܾöûк׼ˣˣָʹǰƵӽš
Ϻɫ΢תתȻͷͬˡ˵֮ԼҲᾡ㡣ۼŮˡ䣬ǵ˵ߵ澣Ҫ˹𣿡
ͬʱͷȻֳҵĻԯʹ˸ɫȫİ飬֪Ҫ˵ʲô϶Ҫ˵Ů˾Ǹ鶯һҲǡžۣԸⷬ䣬˵ʲôҲ뿪ˡ
ףǵӪؾǰߣҴȥ͵͵ֻ亰ˣ뺰

һٰʮ Ⱦ

ף㿴ǵӪʡָԶرصӪʶ˵
һֱһﲻ쵽ӪʱȴͻȻʵҪ澣иƲУҪôأ
תͷ룬ǰһֱСС诡֣Ҳڵ䣬ұ˵ǻҡС诡ɡ
ɣͻȻ˵
ΪβɣұôһЩŵĪ
֪⡮诡òõġƻһС˵
ʱҲ·Ȼ˵Ϊֻﰡ
ʲôϵԾɺǲ⡣
֪˽¶ʮģȴʮϿġΪĿҪˣԸֻһκ˶ܴ棬ҵĸҲͬҰ̾ССȴ͸¶ˡ
ˣΪΨһŮӣ׼κƻʥиĵĹ涨й澲ԡ桯桯ͬΪΪûݡҵĸ׿빬ǰĹ׿ѤӱȴΪͬͬ׿ӯ
ԣǰҲҲįĿڣϾҲŵһ꣬˵ֻݵһŮˣκ˶ܴ档
ȻЩô飬ȴҲɵһǵúܾúܾ֮ǰת֮ǰһƪ£ǸִһλСд£˵κҸǶۣƲá
仰ʱ򣬻ԼЩ飬˵ЩҲĵʵдհɡ
ʵ밮еǣмǵĿЩأһİˣôеĽ㲻飬е鶼Ȥ
ԣ֮޼ﻹǲҪСС诡ĺã⸸ģעӶϳ
ǾͺҡСԡɡ鷳Դ磬һѣʲô桱ӡȻơС诡ȴͳͳãֻôһǹһá
Ү׹ȻˣСԡֺúŶ件ڵҺǲ⣬ҾҲԼǱȽϴģֺʲôϵأ
˵ţȴȻߵӪʵſڣȴӪﴫϤ𣿡
ҵһ󾾣ǶôϤϤȻİĺңԶ
֪Լ¶٣æСסͣˮĴ۾գգĳʹɫƺ˵ףҴˡһ㡣Լĺӣôɰ˴󣬿ƺôĴ档
𣿡
䣡ѾӰܽӪʣæӪʣһ̵һϮɫӵӵ̧ͷϤף΢΢Щ
Ծҵ磬ֻɣȴƴǰǰɬӢҲӳ죬ȴĺܡ֪ΪΣͻȻӿһĪᡣ
籧䣬һʵֲԣܡعͷβƻң̱ĮϺɫͫƺ˵Ĺâüͷ΢壬ָʵǺˣ
ı仯ͻȻƸոն˵Ƿ֪˽¶ʮģȴʮϿġ˷ֻǸˣôѾסˡ
æͬһ£ƴݵһشСԣ򲻷ˣһֱš
Ǹūšֻ˵ô仰㱧ߵͨĴڣ֣ʾǲҪٹˣǱ˵һԣҲˡ
ǲȥϣǲǿԼѩ̹ùˣ䱻ڻֺǺǵʵ
ǰҲɡҲùƽ˵ţƺһжӰ顣Ȼһȴ֣Ȼϳġ硱ҲûĮĵز
ΪʲôҵĹùü޸ҵĶǸúùöĸأǸúأ䲻ˡһʵ
䣬ЦɢһƬ⣬ΪùúϲͺϲһҲ̫һ
һһ૵˵ùϲùϲ塭
ùòϲ壬ùʼϲĶֻĻͬһҵ˫ۡȻҲӦѩ̵꣬ɶԶҲЩġ
ùòϲ壬Ϊ֮ǰȥݼأ
ΪϲùðŶԣǺܰùáἰ飬ɫҲЩˣζ˵İùðİһˣضֻһ˵λãݲκȡһˣôΨһһϣĺܺã
ʲô˼ĺôǵأǶأ
ңϣҲҲΨһӣȴֻΪˡǰһ˵ˣǱһУ˵κλ֪ƭԼҲ޷ˡһ㣬̻ҵġ
ҵ͵һⷬףڵѩ̵İʵ˵Һ֮ǰְˣʯĳܲҸжأ

һٰʮ Ⱦ

ұ˵ЩĲͬԾʱѩʱƺʹҲʱѾѩݺңöҲס뷽跨ߡǣ̫ѩˣ˭Ҳ޷ҡѩĿеĵλԣʹ֪ѩ˺Ծɶ벻
Ҿڶѩ̵İ飬һ˼Ե鳡־ȻԴİˣǷȷ԰ݣͻȻְҲҪΰЩ
ҲǱȽϺõˣȻʲô־ͬϣÿÿ֮٣Ϊҽĸ󻼵Ů裬˵ݸҲˡ
ҿ䱧ڻڣ˫ıһǲ˰ʼնѩԣ֪ʹòѩ̵İԾ޷ˣֻѩһ˶Ѱ
Ըпֻ俪ʼߴ˵ʲôѶ䲻
ԡЦůƺһߵ쵼ˣֻһĸףһֻԼŮΪĵϣӰӸܰ
ǵã˵Щģǵáˣ׿ǻû۸㰡üͷ
ûСҡҡͷСۣƸչ䣬׿;Ƕû۸䣬չˣõĺء
ͺá׿ٸָʹɻҶ۸ǵҪߵҲʱȥסҪñ۸㡣Ŀǹ
䲻ˣΪ˵㰮ף߻ôأ㵽ǲİװ
ȻЦŻشֻЦƺҲ޿κΡ
ǵΪʲôôӰҲ𣿡
ЦôᰮأԶװ
ľԵС΢΢һתת񣬷ưͷѹõ͵͵ģԼѹԼĸ顣
ǵΪʲôҪȢأǸ˵һֻȢİŮ䲻
Ǻǣ䲻ϲ𣿡Цʵѵûзͬ׶Щô
ƣ䷴ʵƣƢôã׿ôװȻǺƢģƽﶼ̫˵˼ҶúƵġ
ǰǶû׺á̵˵䶼Եļͥ޽ʹҲʲô˶Ȣġ㿴׿üǲǺ׺أҶǲ۾׺أн極ľѣѹʵĸϹˣ㲻ʱҲͬ׺𣿡
ʱͻȻԵ𶯼ǿˣҲŶһ¡ʱ룬ʵͬûгģǶҵķкη壬ҲǸ׸ҹİǵĸס
ȷȻ粻ǵĸܣ˵ЩĻС˺ܴӰǵⷬԴǵʱȷȻҲжĻ֦Ҳ
ҲҲڵʱǲÿ춼Ҫôһףÿô壬ҪСֶղɡ
Ļ˯˹ȥ˯ˣֽڻһᣬĴ㳯ʹ˸ɫҵͷǰϵ鷢ұ㽫鷢ۻضȻнӹ䡣
㡭ͻȻڣ𾪣ȴΪ¾˯е䣬ѹɤ
һæ˵ӻʲôԸ
ղ˵ʲôָ֣侲
ūСԣۼ澡ҹĻشš
ӽ쿪ʼ㸺չ俤ҪСչˣȽƤҵĶﲻֵģÿʱԣϲõĸоӿͷֻøϽӦеǣū
ұ䣬Ѹ߳Ӫʣ΢΢һ̧ͷȴԶһŭŮӣŮӻ½毺õȴǱʢŭڸǡŮʶģ˵йһ֮Ե
ƿ첽ǰסŮӵӣʵĸ˻ţ
׿ò̴氡ﲻ̾ûūԵϰߣҾȻ¹
׿ʢ˵ĳҺūţΪμ˱¹򣿡
״æҹĺˡ׿Ｊ顣ôһڣеǱˣ۾ʵ˳֣
ߣҾ˵λͻȻָӨѩõһƥһѾͷĹǲǣ׿ָıӿʼ
ĸһԿڵǲ䡭
ĪҪ죬׿Ļߣ˴γУֻһӵģСѾͷǸƺ«Ҳб°Լʲô¶ͷȫĶСǰ磬бأֻϧݲϲεģ˼ŮΪ˼ҵ
Щʲôڳ淢ڣɼ׿Ҳܲˣźǵ棬˵Щô
£檲˵˸ƥӨѩģΪֻƥأ檲ˣǶһƥ
ֻЩ϶ѣ˼ƽϣ֮׵ͷΣģȥȻη
׿Ʋãֹͣ߿࣬ĬĬ˵ˣȴ͵ۼӪϢ
ֻһ·ϤϤߵԶһͷȥ׿ƣĻ龰Ǹܰòɬ

һٰʮ һ

תӪʣ㵽ӪʣϸۿûˣҶС֣ѹͬ˵ԣ˵ףûгף
׽̹ңҪ˵㻰ŲأȻ˵
Сһ㣬ҵǱů濾һ㣬΢гʪȴůʮ㡣ˣôС;ʧȥĸչˣֲһ˿ھΣԼûоһĸӦеΣûչ˺ǡ
ԣײߵʱûܵ˵۸˵Ǹ׿ǵĲ磬һ˲ٵĿͷɡ
ף䲻£Ǹɶġ׿׿뷽跨鷳ΪǻңæʱҲﱣңҲôңƸҲǻңҲû취㣬еʱΪ˻ңǱ׿۸
׿Ժ׼ô׿ϾӣʹϲҲҪһ׿𣿡
ɴ۾ԲԲС˵ģСƵĵͷʾˡҲϲһ㣬ʹϲǻֻҪ˵Ļͻӡ˹ɣںѾѵˡ
תͷȥ˵ЩίˣǸ׿û۸㣿
㲻˵ܺ׿ҪС׿Ͻչ˵
˲ӬƵģСѵʱµʵԼæһӲЦݣԣһʱ죬˵ˣ˵ǡ׿
΢΢һҾȻǳص˵ģδί׿żеѣôҲǵۼ׿ﲢΡ
ұ׼ȥͷģ˭֪ȴڰգ̬ʵһĻǡôֵֻǡȴ޴ӦҲֻ΢곤һѣȴ˵ϳɡң̬ѾҾ֮ˣʮֲֺá
ĪҪˣֵĺܣ㻹ͬһװɡһЩ룬䲻ǴСңҲҵŮҲ˱ˡ
ѾǴ£ҸʡСĻش
ɵӣں˵ЩʲôһҵŮʲôʲʵģ˵׿Ҫ˰һŻ
ЩΪѣ˵ãСͨͨˣұѶҡסЩͻȻֿ˿ڽеĸ
һƬϲ⺢ҲСȱ˶࣬п־ӦõģȺһĸѾԽңұ֪ˡ
Ժӡͷ΢ĽŲһûзӦʱ㴫Ϥ
ôϰ𣿡΢ɳƵɤҺƻصǰ
ͻȻЩԼôĻش񣬡򸣡
Ǻǣ㻹˰ϺɫͫңŹһ㣬ĪϵӣҶ˼ȣҵߡӡ
ұƻסˣ΢΢Щ㶣ҴסЦԽͣҪˮһǰסңº͵˵Ѿͷˡ
㡭㡭ͻȻѹЩ˼飬ͬͬҲûоҵݣôôһĹϳҡ˴أ
ҵ￪ʼС̣᲻粢ûϳң᲻˼˼ķ˷裬˭ΪأҸϽҡҡͷⶼЩʲôֵ뷨
СԣΪʲôҵĸͬ˵أС޼װ˵סװ޹ҲЩ֪ľ½ǡ
˿ֺĶС˵ǲ븸ȳȥˣһᣬҪŸĸ
˵֮æӳӪʣٳǰͷ˸ѹƵеףˣҵ㿩
æʹĻֻԽѣ繿Ҿ͹ԽңЦݾĲʺһ㣬ǲңôģ
ҵɴ۾һеһмֱ̫˼ˡЩ㸩ҵ絽ҵϡЦӯӯƺŴ㣬ҵա°ӣҲֵ顣
ҵЩӲæȡȡ㻹û˵ôҵġ
Ǻǣ֪ˣһֻһҵıÿ˹ؼʱ̣Ҫ˵ɨҵˡʧٵЩӣȥΪôöϵң֪֪жôĵ㣿ûĵŮӣ֪֪Ҷ㡣
硭ҵЩǱһƵģǰҲռʮ㣬ȴǰԵĺܡڵ磬ǽıһ㣬ϸĺǻţҸжĻ顣
֪ˣ֪ôϳ𣿺ãЦٴθǰʵҪԭҲҶ˼ˣܲţڼһʱ͸еЩرǵҼһЩС磬ܰ鷢۵ЩϸҶʮġ
һȣֻһЩϸ֦ĩڵСȴ뵽ңɼʮġߣ΢ĩҲܲȻνĵ֮ţ˹˼سɴ¡
ðɣ˵Щ㲻֪İɡʵĹؼǣȻӦ澣֪ģֻһ̶ŮǲŮģ

һٰʮ 

ֻһŮܰΪĿĳ谮ֻһ̶ŮҼæʵ
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ңҵʶľãԼĸ飬ؼͿѰˡ
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һپʮ 

ĪҪᣬ沢⣬ֻ䱻ЩżЩܡղǻţλǺҲ
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һһƬرصӪǰֻһҩζ˱ǶŵǰŪȳӭӡ
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һپʮ ƽɫ

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ǵûмٵ˫Ǽ޵ԭǸصţôͬԵߵǸˣԭʼնأҡ

һپʮ ƽɫ

һʮ飬֪ĽȻ֪ʲôζˡ
ˣ߹ڿһУǲδκξҵĻظĭ׷һ䡣
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ӴȣͬСļƽأæѳһƤЦ
Ӵ˷ݶ飬ѾѰĺˣһҡӣһɸʵ
ǣ㻹ҡӣЦŽĻȷȻѾҵˣҲϣˡһᰲǼ棬Ȼָ̽﾿ʲôܡ
һӵİš
˼䣿Ƕȥˣʵ
˵֣˶ģﲻ֪ʲô£ҳһţһ磬еȫǲƫæ֪ǲǳʲôӡʮְԵĸһ㱨
Щĸоú뿪⼸췢ʲô¡ǳ˵УţҪȥ
󻹴Żδ˵ġСġ͵͵ṦɵƫֻæµĽˮģҩģƺһƬҡ԰ƺдĵת˷򣬲ں԰ſڡ
ȻȴƼһʮֲԸƼľ
ԯһҸƴˣýӰԯһһҿԯһͬһ㣬ķҷ裬һƮƮ䣬Ǿݾʢŭȭȭһ֣˱㵹˵ϡ΢΢
ϸһ̾סˣ⵹µĲǱˣȻƷңԭκ磡

һپʮ ƽɫģ

Ľǰһʶ˳ȥκǰ棬еԯ飬㲻ɱ
ҵסκ磬ԯĴ˸䣬һתָһԲԣʱһ۵ɡҵѾǺˮ
ߣ⸱µģҺԯĻɱļǲʶǰ㡣
ԯƷңķҸĽţԱκƷңǷǳҪˡӵĸף
ߣңʢŭ֮£ǰ߰ߴ⡣
һۣ˫ֻǰһϷӡԯһ˿νУû뵽µһɱжɱҿ⡮һɱ֡Ǹһʥˡ
ԣԯһǳ磬ǰһ
κڵл̨˹ӣ仳,˳𲻹죬ˣұĽҲҪ軹ȥ
κ磬ĪҪæѹס
ϵ£κͻȻתʵ
ҶʱסֻεҡҡͷϵãֻƷң𡣡˵꣬æ͵͵Ƴ紦û̫දãû¶
κƷңʱȥֳĹʡץסҵļҡεңң
ұҡĲͣʱһԣվýָԯһеԯˣûУ°ңʼնҵģˣ콫޹黹
ŵ۾ͻȻһ⣬ӴôҲ֪°жɺ°̫߱һֱδ黹Ǹʲô
¼̫ӣ̫֮ͬ˽˶Թ񻹺Ҿڣ̫ӲģųǶϲʹֿ˼ӲıκȴԾɱǡ
˭ҪǼˣҧ˵ǼǴãҪģǸ棡̫ӽ߼С°ôЩ꣬ҲҪúøһ˰ɡ
桱ֵʱҵĸһҪһһƬλҲЩǰĿݣƺֻص˴ǰͬһǶʱ⣬ǶֿĿȴκβ¡
̫ӵĪҪ̫κͻȻԭ֮˽Խ֮ռΪеͣҵǿˡ˭˲ãǸ߼ҵС̫ͬӴС÷̫ҲʥּѸ£ͬ߼СΪؽ֮ã¶Ŀõģڴ˴ʴʣ
ƷңҳɾԵκ˷ҪᵶᰮƷңĵش֮ˣչա˽ˣ˲֪ʩʲôǣ뿪ң
Ϊаԡ֮ģѹӵҲ˹ңޣеŮ潵Ĺңһգؽȡ֮
κȻ˫Ŀ罫˿ƺʾŴ˿ޱȵķŭԯƺҪһ㡣
籾ɫ࣬ȴȻ欵һЦȻЦϤȻ˿ȴЩǵЦݲõҫۣߣֻ֪ĸԸĳǣĸԸͬһΪ԰ס𣿡
ϻκľȻڱ״̬æסȵ̫ӣĪҪ˵ˣκֻһʱߣ˵
̫ˣԯһһ˵֮⣬ҪһԶ뿪ܽ˭뿪ֻң˵㡣
ԣƷңأƷңͻȻĹؼֻƷңԼľġ
ոն̥ڻΡԯĻͻȻıصҵνİߣȻףȴ˴̼ҪиôͬӶ׼ɣ
ˣ˺ӣнʹһеһжɵģȴȸ״Ҹ㣬ңʲộұƴԸҲҪȥκŭ
ס죡̲סĽеǵһߣȻڴ˳ǰıΣҪȥ
̨ɽȥǸŮӰŮܲ
ظĻˣŮװԯĴκĻ
ŮӡŮӡκ翪ʼʣֱ·ʲôȻ˵㣬ǡǡ
ĪϳңæκĪҪżҽȥңв¶ˡңȶ֮ٴӳ顣
ƳһԯǲҪңȰһɡ
۾ϸĿʯһҪûƵĿ⣬ſͷȥȴײ˴
һƬ׻ķӳҵϤϢ˵ҵǰһ㶣ͷͷ

Ӧôڻ¶ˮȵ׵ǲ׵𣿴˴ȣƷңƲֹ۰
̧ͷҲϸһ󣬾Ҳסˡأ³֣Ѿͷ
򵥵ȴ˸һæʹ˸ɫʾҪҵݣıεľڲϵϣƺþõĲܻӦҡ
ΣҸϽѯƷңơ
ҡͷ̾ϢѾͷӱǱסˣҲֻǿάϵס˶ˡ

һپʮ ƽɫ壩

³ļ֣ȫš֪Ϊʲôһֻκȴ˹İס壬Ľţ˵ʲôܵģôʲôƨҽǲܾңǾ͹һȥҪڴ˺˵
κȻﵽ˫ŨĺɫһĨҲɢȥֻǲͣҡ񣬼ϣܹϣҽžȲƷң
ԯһһžǵڴ̹ǵĺƮţͬ˰ʥֻǾȴеıչ¶˳˵ֻ۾ȴĶԷ룬֪жô˵ãΪ˻¶ˮȵĹȵףֻش֮ԯһıԵ˻֪˵ȲˣǱˡ
ҲЩ֪룬ͺ¶˵һ㣬ûκοĵطһֱ׹һֱ䡣Ʒңôõͣôഺ£ȴ˵ĿɬҪл⺮ļڡ
ҵͷʼ΢΢ѣΣᷢ￪ʼϸһһЦգΣԽԽԶһģҵĴǰһڣԸϢһ򣬱Ҫˤ
أһ˫ֱ۷סңûеȴǵһůϤĻǻݣҵʶƺʼģֻǽĹӲǽҵĴԴ̼
ۣȻЦ˵Ϥ˵Ľӽδ뿪һ㡣
棬ڴ˷ģ⡣ҵֻиһˣжģҴܷ
˲䣬׺һԣڶϸ֣аȵȴµЦݣǴҴԽʱһʱ䶨ڻ¶ˮȹȵףԶʻһ̡
ЦˣŻеЦݣаȴᡣݷһ̣ĻֻҺݲˡͬƮĻ꣬ͬʺ쵽ľͷֻһЦұůͯһ㡣ҲǴҶ˵ģ˵ĸоɡ
ֻǣʽЦݣҲҳѣΪ֪ζţϳҡ
κЪ˹ĽţȴӲĴӸղŵξ΢΢Ҫƿ磬û뵽ȴҹĸϵЦҲ̡ʹĽƿվȴûվȣ˼£ķסңסҵ֣ںһĺһ㣬Ĳ˵һ仰
΢΢̾ȻǺ˳ԼĸģֻµĽڹȴݲҽԼĶŮ鳤ɹ̫Ҳ˵ˣϽ治ѣһҪ΢΢ǻЩɬҪչء
ӡ֣κȴͻȻ侲ٿ֣ԭץסҲ
ˣҡҡͷҲȻȷҲܾȵӾ֮ǰҲʲôѣԵӲáӱ㲻£ʹðҲĸ׵˺񣬺СҲܴάϵȻĸ
ȡģȲ𣿡ЩģңҶϵԣ֣ʦڲǵģ
ʱɣԿֵ·Ҫʲôźٴοڵ
ܽȥ𣿡ԯһڿˣǵУҲѾ֪˻Ľ֡
Ҫɱ㣡κӵϳԯһȥΪ㣬ŻȫΪ㣡㻹ң
ԯûжĽֱֱĴ̽Լ壬⽣Ӱ֮䣬ȴһôáʺѪҺʱ¶ֹסˡ
ĲȴҲκͻȻֹͣסˡԯǸһ˿ЦΪβٴ̵һЩЦҴδԯһҴδĮһ档
æǰȥֹסκ磺κ磬ס֣ɱҪѵңϣҪ
ԼΪͬһңΪβʱ±ߣѵĺѾ˶ңİ㲻ϣңʱ䣬ԿĵľͺͲź𣡡
κ½±סͷʼйԼĸ飬ĿԯһԾǷࡣ
ֻǵ˵ϵѪɾ˿ڰáңϣǰ뿪͸ϽʰԼŭͱڴ˿̶ǶģȫûУ
ԯЦţͷ
̾˿ߵ˵⺢Ӿ֪ԣѾͷȥɣ˵ֻ㡣
ô˵ЩתԷȴסҵ֣Ҫͬһȥᶨݵκ˷
ҵСˣһӺȥʲôͷһǱ
ҲܣҲͬٷֿˡֻǰԵظԼĻ
磬ҽȥҴӦ㣬ĶȥƷңҾͳʱôСǣ밲ͬƷң˵Ựε˵
ƺûϵһôͬƲݣ΢΢Щס˦֣ת߽ƷңԷ
ֻϰϰ磬һૣ棬ҵ㡣

һپʮ ƽɫ

һԷ̹ǵҩζңůůķȴסһλ֮ˡ绨ŵͣȴٵлجˣֿӣȴҪźʧȥǡ
ߵĴߣƷңǲ԰׵ݱ֮㲣ķϧ˫ۣĳһЦ֣Ľһ㡣
ңﲻ𣿡ӲǳſһɬЦݡ
㣬ңǲǿҪˣƯĴ۾ȫǱ
ĪҪ˵ң᳤ġĺ˵һͯ
㲻ڲңˣң֪Լ塣ԭǺӵʱҾ֪ģ벻ҪǸӵģֻǵʱҵ̫ǿдӣܵʱͻûͬһֻȻǺӡ
ʱ򣬶ǱϣǵģȻమǱضһ·ȥġ˵ʱ򣬻˳Ĳºӡû뵽ȴԾӲˡ
ңҪˡסͣİ
㣬Ҳˡҡͷ˫ƺЩֻͣϣκһͻҪΪҶִˡֻҪǶ˺úõȥұҲûʲôˡ㣬ɲԴӦңȰȰǣ
ң˵ʲôԼҪֻţǲлȥĶ𣿡ҼĶ˵
㣬лл㡣ңҲ֪塭ҪӦңҪңˣңտңӡǵĵȥҸװɡ˵ӣңˮҲ̲סˣӨỨɢڽϾϣ͵Ĵʹҵ˫Ŀ
Ҳãûչ˺ҵĺ૵˵ûʸ񵱺ӵĸףûʸ񰡣Һҵĺӣǰ
ȥϵˮ̲ס̾ңǺοࡣ
ң϶ͬ˵һЩ۵˯˹ȥ֪˿̵Ѿӽ;ƿݣԻǶϢɡգҲûʳڣ˸ںһڶЩѾûʲôˡ
߳ƷңԷһȺǷϵˣλϣɫǱ˭ǵˡκһԣͣûκæµԯҩ˿ȻֹͣѪ˿ڵɴȴԾһƬ졣
ԯҳˣ뿪վƿһԵ񣬽еôˣ
ҡҡͷո˯šǲҪΪˣʣµϣֻܺúõġϣǽܻȥ
תͷκ˵κ磬Ʒң˵ӣڿӱ޸ϻؼȥѺӱˣԶﲢԶҹ·ӦھܰѺӱڣ֧ȥ
κǴ򶨼һ㣬ʻصĵ˵ͷת׼ߡʱԯһͻȻڵǸӣҵġ
ҸоκıӰԵһԼҲһԯڵͬңһֱ飬ֹΪ˵ûеõԭ£ὫӸҵġ
ʱصΪҶ°ߺ󣬱⵽Щ˵ġ衣˵ǣصģ
仰ҵĺëΪ֮ոձγ嵭˵ĳٴȼأҪҺ޵ز𣿿Ʊֻܴһˡ
֪ˡκʼûлͷ˵뿪ׯ԰˿̣κıӰôᡣ
ƺԼյȭͷ֨֨죬һ˫Ĵסңůů¶ȡ̧ͷһ˫峺ӣƺڳ΢ЦЦȴʮɬ˵ڣɱ
ֻЦʲôҲ˵ڡƺҵЦݣͬһ࣬Ҳȿ޸ѿҳҵ֣ɱͬ˵Һעܹѡң
Ȼ㡣ᶨ˵ֻǣڣɱ¼һҪ׵ʵǺܿ죬㱣֤ܿ죬ұ㲻ҪǵʵˡֻҪҵأ¾Ҷ˵ģҪɱ˭ұ˭
ǽ죬ǸˣǸ棬Ҳô˵𣿡һֱԱ߲˵ԯͻȻڵ
סˣҲסˡû棬ôأһǺŵģ֪һҵһϯ֮ءֻǣͬȣȴûšĲ֪ѡ˭ǻңǷ¡
˵Ǻģѡҡԣһֱӱ⡣
ԯһˡһĹâҪһ
ϡԯһͻȻ򵹣硰ϡƺǵһΣϣµ书ΪжȻףֻϣϴӦһ£ұӦϲ֡򣬾ɱǼ˻ٵҲϧ
в˫Ŀʮ䡣
²ҡֻǣΪƷңֻһԡ
˵ɡ
ţ֮ǰͻϿɺΣ֮ʱͻҩݣһݡ⳯ݱʲôҩģǹߴ٣ĹЧ
ͻ˲ѧǳǲ֪еĵȻеİص궼¼ھԣϰҡ
⡮׿ݡͻʹ裬ϴһۣô׸ǡҲ˵ǿȥ͵ǹʧҵǹĺʵס
ʵǹδʧԯ˵
ǹȷʵδʧΪձĸ׵ĶžǹУΪеһ֣ҵĸ״ҵ磬Ȼ

һپʮ 峯ݣһ

СɫͻȻһԲԡ
ϡԯһʮּᶨһϣôҲҪһԵġϣ֪ϳ棬ڼҵ̫һӦġ濪ڣȻӦ
СͷҡĸɫҲѿǲٻȥġô˵ŵ˭ҶٷˡΣҪ֪ڱģ˭Ҳ᲻ߡ
һֻһ˵뷨ѡԯһǹڵϣıĮѾ˱ĺκⶼů˪ᡣֻǿεգȴħһ޷ӡ
һֻһԸѡʹǲߣûھ˭Ҫһߣûһжԣʵֻڽɡ㲻ڸҸڻҸ
֪֪˵ʲôһץסԯһ죬ѹǽϣʱһƬ᳾Ȼɱڡ˵һ飿ǲΪҲҶ㶯֣
磬ˡԯһЦڳ磬ƺڳԼտԶҶ֣ͻ涯֡
ŭţҪΪĲɱ㣡ɺ۾ȻǲҪݣ
ǲǱ˵ˣԯһ欵ȴȻ㺦£㺦治ѡ㣬㺦ʧܣԶʧȥ
磬Ȼ֪ʧȥĸоҲӦҴ˿̵ĸоҲʧȥƷңֻҪһ˿ȥϣұ㲻ͬ㲻һ
סˣһ̺һ鶼ֹͣˣԯһһ˿峺΢紵ǵĲǲƵǴӯ˿ơ
硣ĿڵҪֹֻҵľ档
˵ıӰƺһͻȻҵĻ㲻Ҫ˵ȻᶨȻƺżҵмֲᡣ
˵硣ﾭ뵽ң˿أ˵˿ڣֻңһ˿ϣҲƷң϶ҺҪˡͬⲻͬ⣬һæġ
϶ҪˣҲ̫˰ɡͻȻתһȻң߽ƷңҪԯһҲҪҪҲҪŮҪðƵĶҲҪʲĭһ޲ҲҪ
棬δҲ̫̰˰ɣ˵ֻڴСôװôˣ綼ָ췢ģĿΨһҪˡѵͲҲ𣿻ǣ˵ͲҪ
һһߵҵǰ˵һ仰ʱ򣬽סҵұ˸ֲ֪ͻ⡣
Ҳᣬεץסҵ֣ûһ˿иôſģ룡Ҳڽ㣬Ҳڻ㡣ҲֵġǻҷҲҪһ𡣽ҵӿ
ͻȻҵĺһ࿳ҴһϢͻȻǰڣ˹ȥľãԼһĻУһůȴʮİĻ
ڻУҵԺһֱظԯһǾĶ԰ף˵磬ˡǰ磬ıˣЩİЩֲϷʲô飬б˽ԸأҲߵЩȹİǾ˶ٵķңŻߵһ
ҵΪͬҵΪƵƵġĽԼߣΥҵԸң˵ʵȻЩµȻһ˿ϲϲԾҡͬʱҲеԾװĹң¡
շתʱȴ⣬ΪҵȻ磬¼̫ӵʹԴ׳ԵĴģҵ硣
ϵ⣬Ϻɫͫһ˿ʧһ漴º͵ЦĿ˿ҵıЦʵСδ˰ɣԽأ뻢ڻص𣿡
磬ôᡭôᡭ
ǺǣλǶ˻үӵĹӰæЦʼº͵ģ͵͵ݣ¼լӵĽأöΣȻġ
㣿ͻȻ滨ǻвЩů⣬ĸоô˸ж
ͷֳһЦһЦǰǻھɽׯ˰ݺͳ硣ǰɽׯʱһѧʶģ¼ȴӲʰԼ뷨
һӣ˵ʵ˽ûңȻҵദʱҲǺܶ࣬ȴҪȺһʱŵÿǲ¶ůЦݣǱһרһǣڱ͵͵СϻҲÿɷЦЦ
ôȥһ˻ͱɵˣҲ˵ˣҵҴӻ˻
磬һн֮ǻؾɽׯɡҲ֪ΪΣԼͻȻ˵˳ڡ
˼룬Ȼصĵͷ
ôͻȻҪɽׯʵ
ûнĻ⣬뵽һҪ¡磬мæƷң㻹ǵ𣿾Ʒãκ˵ӣ㵱ͻչҵǸڵϦֻ߻ݲſԾ

һپʮ 峯ݣ

ɫһϺɫͫȻһϲŭı仯ֻǷҲ͸©ĵı
ΪŴӦһصߵİɣ䲻ðôһ仰Ȼȴ֪ȫҵ˼ΪǵģΪҴӿʼѾҪƷңˡ
ġͬͻȻ־м۾һŶʮֵ͵ഺС˵һ޷š̾˿磬˵ǣѡ𣿡
ֻҪͬҽͣҾͻšİҶţһһֵ˵
ðɣġҿʼ˵µʼĩƷңͻʱصҶ⵽ٳ֣ԯһȥӪͬκԯ֮临ӵĸ𣬰ΪʲôڵϦ
ֻǣû˵ҺȻϡ룬Ѿ֪ģҴ¼ҵլԺ͵˳ȻҪ֮䵽׷ʲôµġҶԣҲΪ˵ЩƷңκεİĻûôȥ״̬Ѿﵽ񡱵ӡ
̾˿磬ƷңõѣܲܰҾȾȥͻչңԲŻнľǷģһҪȻ磬ң𣿡
һƬƽ˼˵Ļ˿ͬĽɫת21ͣǸ߸ϵCEOǿľӪľ߲߻ˣҷѾ˿ϣҵĿͶʣȴһһСƵ˵ԻĳϷ־ôϵɡ
磬κ磬ôЩһֱĹɼǸ֮ˡƷңˣһɣʱȥĸ
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CEOԾһ߸ϵı飬ֻԼû⵽΢΢Щ鴤ϺɫҲ½бȥ
磬䡣촽˵Ʒң໴ǶҪĸ׵չˣǺӴСûĸףǸûôĿ磬ЩûչˣҲжô˼ң㶨Ȼ֪ġ
֮顣
CEOϵı鿪ʼͣߵһԣ˱ˮҺȣҽӹӵлཹེһº͵Ц˵ݣҵǴСͼģû뵽ͣ黹ǿϧˡ
ãCEO˿ʼƼȥ⽻ˡһӾͳƷĶͷ˾
磬㣬ǴӦˣϲû뵽羹Ǳҡ˵Ķࡣ
ǣǴӦˣ۾ЦųұȻָһƷңҪñҲҲгһ뽫صȫҡڶ֪˿Ҫĺܼ򵥣ǰӣҵߣ׼˽ȥ硣ûѡңôǵŮ䣬ңҲ뵽Ϲ¿
CEOĲƽԼڷ⽨ʱҵİչ¶ɡҰп࣬ôСģȦףΪڿ˵ĻԵʲôҪЮҡҲ˵ǱأԺ뿪˵䣬ô¾뿪أ
Ժиֳʱÿÿ׽ŪʱĺŽŴУ꣡ǰһֻôƻաթĺ갡
˫̯״ҪľЩ˵ӦҲ£㲻Ӧˣ˵ģǲǿġ˵һ仰ʱ򣬽ӢĲսҵǰҧһһֵ³
CEOðɣ̲顣ԣҴӦ㣬ҲҪӦңھͬһȥң̣ϣ
һ޺ЦݣʮֹٷĻش𣺡õģȻͰˡ
ͬһǰ¼ҵĸۡڳǰȥκţƷңоˣٴӻ
ȻҲԼҵһԯһ顣дұ֮Э㽫ͳġҵϵö֣¼ҲǷӣԺ书ȿңҪܹȫˣи
ԯл˵˷Ѿô㣬˵ͻʹΪ˲μѰЯϣţᾡȥҵݡ˵֪ѺȻŭΪ˱꼰ƷңҸϽȥ
ͬ뷨ǻûüȻƷңȴһŭ֮ҪСҲ̫ˡǣұҴҵĸϵ¼ҵլԺʵǰһλص¼֮ǰȻϣӪ¼Ҳ̫Զ
һҲ¼ҵԺ⣬һܼңùܼҽȥͨ˵̫áܼҺһͨæ֮󣬱ӭӡ
ҸҪ̧ţ˳סҵ֣·̫ǣ㣬Ͳˤˡ
΢΢Щ㶣ȴһ߸ϵӣİλϣƮ䵽ҺסϣŵЦݳȴȻ󣬻һֿɬ
Ӵʲô紵ģ̫ӾȻԵţñܳһЦţһǿҪ̫ӵԻͱİǴĵл
˵ЦˣҴȷȻΪ˻͵µ̫ġˣ֣ӿһһ£ͷɢŮӡǽƵڵأϵȹҵĲӣŰ߰ߵۼ
Ů̧ͷǲ԰׵ɡֻҵ˿˺ۣõഺڵ쾡¡ǲţ缤Ľе£
Ҷʱޱȣ˵ν̫Ȼأ

һپʮ 峯ݣ

̫ӣʲô˼ɱ
ŶǱСС⡣絹ЦĴݣݷһĲṇֵ̀üƽϡҴЦˡΣաϢգµ̫̫ͬһͻʣԱӪʱںģ̫һȳձ㽫̫黹Ҳ̫̫ͬ˼֮࣬˵𣬰˵꣬գգۣҷ졣
¡磡شӵķһС֣ҪЩץס磬ϧȴݺݵ˦·ģеˣȥܣ
ǰϴĽشȥǴ̶ļԼҵΣɺŵ̫ͬٳȽᣬһȻͬһĺܣҵĶȴ̶
¿ˡ繰֣ǫ飬ʵЩǷ⡣ʵ˿̸ʵ¡̫ͬĸκ֮ͬãձĿģŵӦú˰ɡ
ǱأǿʼҵҲŽ
ǺǡЦǸаһ㣬ֻ˵Ĳ֪ȥһˡ
˵֪ΰˣ
ǵģİһˣҪԼߣҪһԸϲһˣ᲻֪ʲô¶ҪʲôʮأʹЩȥҪЮҲҪԸ⣬Ұһ˵ķʽ
˵꣬ͶµһЦЦЩΪ֮ݣҲظһЦݡ
ߣϧЦЦżϤȻҲżĮϧǣͷһˣǹؼġݡδҵԿµҪһˡ
Ļ䣬ֻһԹǷİɫƮڿСǶǰӰѾ䶨ԯһӢĲɡ
ϣѴͻʽݴ˻ϴ£̫ӳԾƷңԯһıʮּ㣬ݷһж벻
áƺҧ˺ܾ֮Ｗôһ֡
ʵԯһҲʵ̫ɣµһ֧߰顣ҵĴʼڸ߶ȽУ΢΢ЩϢĸо£һǳһ㣺˽˳ִȥƷңҡ
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ٽ֮ǰͷҵЦŶ˵Ǹ˴ηҪʱܾã˵˼ҲҪ߻ǳҹҹұ㲻ˡ˵ЩʱһϣҲò˶ڹ̼Դ׵Ļɡ
ģһʱģҲÿʱÿ̶һº͵һЦ漴ҵӡ˸ӡӣʱӳĳһŻ̵ĺ
˵껹ҵһ󣬼״̬ҵĲתͬһԷıӰҵĵȼϣĻ硣
Դ˿ʼΪƷңҩ֮ԯһվԷſڣһһ㣬Ҫ񽫶Էֹ
ڼ䣬żϴһ飬ҲͬԯһһֱԺÿʱÿ̶ǧҪʲôʱžʯϻ˯˹ȥҲǱجľѡżҲ˵żʵֻҪû¾ͻԺңֻϾҪٿѰˣӢۺǾ͸⼸춼ϣӦҪƽնһ
ȴָĽܻиеʱ䶼վںԺġ⼸վҵģʵҲֻ֪Ǵʱ˿ûȥʰԼĸ飬ΨһľǿԾȻƷң
һļĿ꣬Ҳ໰ֻǾҡһֱԯһһǰ棬˿ÿǵͬںڵĳڷкϳһ׶ݵ޸ʱҲһʫ黭⵱Уᵽ˵ľ㣬ǴѵĻþ
ڵڶҹԯ֧Ųס˹ȥǰյκһ˿ûкúôټıԼᣬƷңǰȥְ˽ŵĻ̌˻ӣ˵ûд󰭣ԯӣֻҪúϢһ죬ҩˮָܻһ
˼ԯΪ֮ǰʾԺﲻҪ̫ˣԱûڷſڣԺſڣȻǵ书ȲԯڣҲûм˸Դ
ڼ尾ҹһֱల¡ֱֱκվǰ
Ʒңô һ㲣°źӣĿɣ˫۾ҵҡҵļ򡣡ͬ˵¿ԾȻң˻ɵ棿
ģءҳʹĺšӦáӦÿҪɹˡ
ҵĻû˵꣬ſңĳƷңķ䡣קס䣬̫죬ıԵûƿ˷š
κ磬԰ҾҵѾ̶ͬһ̶ʺѪҺȾ˵ĶĤ

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֪ΪΣڴͬǿ˸ЦȻԵʶȴæв
ϸһǿЦĺܣȻζȴֲ֪ԷԼİˡͻʱΪ׵ĹȴΪ޵ŮˣϣȻ֪ҵݣȴֻԯһĸ
ε棬ϸϸԼ⣬ΪһŮӣôҲӦøжʹ飬Ȼ˺ͬϰɡǣŮӵСʵǳˣȻӵ˵ҸԶ
ԣˡȻҪңҸյԼȻûϳʦǾ䡰Ѿͷһ֪ԼߵˣȻԼﳯ˼ĺˣʦκЩ˶׵ϳ棬ȴô⣡ԣץˣҪεץסҲˡ
Һ˿ȻҲ壬ĵԾҵһ˿λõġϾЩȥһ˱˴˵ĵסȻȴһϸɳԽҪץΣȴԽǴҵָš
ĸ߹ԼĿеĵλˣȻͬ˵Ϊ˾ȻƷңһҪȥæġԸѡٴεķֿҲҪ£棬ʵĺֻϵǹңӵѡ
ٴλصǰʱȻ̫ݣЦˣ֪ڳݻڳԼ֪ȻǺֶεģ۶λǰ飬ǺĶ֡Цң˵Ҳȥ
Ĳ
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ͻȻа˵ͻʿɺѾݵʧͬйأͻʵѾǱϣ
úáߡĻصýǰЩӣʷǼͻǵһ壬ҲӦúȤ
֣ʾⰵ£ʷʵԭĶ磬ȾĽϼˡû뵽ЩͻʵĿɺû뵽ǣǸԸ񵥴ĸȻȴúݶϬҪҺ͸߼Ըͼʱ˳ҲǡȻʱӢ۰
Һ͸߼Ҳǳ֮治ڰʷǵϣҺ͸ȻǷſֽţͻƴһһۿνҵĺܣͼˣȻҲҡ
￪ʼⳡҪ򣬲֪ȴʱ䣬˼Ʋ֮ͷȻŲߡʦ˵ȻƷң߼ʩ߻ҹʱ䣬Ӧòʱˡ
ԺȥͻȻðһɺƣѹѹһƬҲҶȥͻȻвõԤףϽӿ˲ҸϵԺʱֻšκ磬԰
κȴĽŴ򿪣ʱһǿҵԳ壬һεκ絯ɣҪǰһѽ뻳ڣǹʵ̫ˣѹڵء
κƺأԾɲԣҪȥҲ˵ˣŷŽԶܵĳСʹҲ˼Ѫˮľ￪ʼˮڴתһ˫Сƴҵؿڣе죬ƷңȥƷң
æ첽ڡȴԷѾҲеҩݺֽƬ䣬Ũҵҩζ̼ҵıǻʦѾһԻ˹ȥȻҲһԣǻѪ
ܵ˴ϣǱһ˶ڴ룬ֻɫҰףͺ񣬾ͺһʬһ㡣ϵ˶еƷңôƷңѰеС¾ŵϵˡ
ƷңĺǶˣκǶˣôҲҪۿǰԯһôңѣ͵ˣ㻹кܶ໰Ҫͬ˵Ѱ㲻Ҫ½㲻ܰƷң忪ʼȻˮȻʼޣӿʼҵĲǿ˺ѷһ㣬ӶΪ֮
ǼģǰΪŮ鳤ֻ֣ǰᣬ޵ίֻһμ󳳴ֵĿޣǰǴҲǿ޵˻ߣʹ顣ŶˣһΣ̽ӵĻرʱ޵ҲǾ춯أֱʡ
޵ĺǷѾ޵ûĲУǿ޵̫ģʼֱסͷĺûñ˹ȥҸæǰӵסȴҵĻ˫ֿۣʼʹޡ
˷˼飬ҾĥԼ
棬ˡ˵ţˣҲˡǣ泹׵׵Ļ˹ȥ
ƷңĴ˵ǸܴĴ֮ûٿǱһһճĬÿԯһæƷң񣬲ӡͬʱҪչԴĸ߼κھҲᣬżնӰ
ʦ⼸лˡȾҼ֮뿪¶ˮȣͻʧȥ˱ϡܵĳӸǲһߵǼգǺܰݡ֪Լڽ¶׵
ʦ֮ǰͬ浥̸˺ܾã˵ʦҪһҪʧ𻯣ϼɽĸ׵Աߡ
շô£һѾľƣˣû뵽ȴÿҵķţһƬĮͬ˵磬ҪһȥѰñء

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ȿȡϵ˽ոչҩ֭˳ؿھҵš˵ɫѾÿܶ࣬˵ھˣóڵ
ٺһɡҶҩ̽˵˵ҩȫȹ˲Ч
ڰ֣ɫѾúܶˣ㲻ҪܰҵˣŪЩ䶼밲˵´Ϣ
Ҳ׼ġƽĽҩŵһԣѾˣǣҪСǽӴĳɳкôոûĸףӦǡ
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Դл֮ұˡ̫ߣ紦˵ʵηҶ̫٣ĸƷСȨЭһҲӦ
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ֻǣʵֱܿӷΪɺضصĺã˵ŮעֻǱδĻʺ󡣡
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ߣͬɺ飬ǲģǣѩȻ뿪䡣
ŵһȥأɫʼסҵһˮ˸εҡҡͷǺοأʵѩںġ
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ҵѰڽҿĻҵҲڴͷ·Ӣ۷׷װ¡òϣ绹磬ϵĸ֣Ƕʩ㽫ҲֵһĽͳͳԼĻš
ȻҲоܲӵģЩ˴Ӵ˱ûѰϳֹеǰ˺֣еԴѡ˳
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ҵӵţصؽѵһ٣Ҫ˵Ұǿ˻ǣȴҴзһЩ⡣ĽϣȻЩϡŹֵַҵľӦġ
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ôԽ¶ҵԽǾᣬҵɫӦúѿ˶ҳ
˺£ԯһԿʵ
ˣȫˡʵࡣ

ڶ 䣨

ӢˮƽܺãǰѧҲ˳ͨļЩӢӦĸǰһһԼȥģҲϵԼûͬҽЩˣԲֻĸ׵ӢĿҲֻЩǳķʽµݺгȻܹ
˵ʲôԯһʼЩ಻סˡ
ת֪ԭһжǴġĭǰͬ˵ֻһŮˣһǼٵġǣƶϣΪŮֻᵮŮΪزŮˣʵһʼǴġ
ܰԯЩʣ䲻ʲô壬δܸ֪ıһģϲʲôƫ
룬Ҹղ˵⻰ǲĭġĭӾͺǰѧϰɼãԼѧرԸ˵ˣҪͬ㼱һġ
ˡƵ˵
󵼣ԯһŵӡ ѾͷĪҪˣ콫ʵҰɡ
ǵģ֮ǰᵽȷҵݲŮˣΪݡʵϣȷŮˣҲŮˡ
ҵĸף꯵ϮţòŮӡ֪ԼձЩܿûлᴫĺˣҲңǱ㽫һеϣϣгһҿԿü
˵ȷ˫˵ŵĵȷȷһ翴õŮӡʱͨʲôж˭˭أʵŮ˽й¶෴ģͬĭԣЩشܵʱҵҲ⡣ڸס࣬ԷֹĿ̽
ֻǣŮʥ壬ǸĶ󣬵ȴǷǳɵġԣʱ꯻ʵ׵ʱһŮ޵ԭʱ˶ü޸ʵŮĲ鲻Ը飬ŮĸױضŮίô޵ԭıضǼٵŮˡ
ǵģҲ¡ͷ
ʵȻҡҡͷϸ룬ǵƶʵǳΪͶȻ½ۣ˵ݵģĸڽϸңʵԸ޵ԭģΪ˵ʱ꯻ʵֻۣԭҴָ
Ϊֻ˸ĳԯһɡ
ҴݵĴʵĸ׵ĸҲ꯵ݻʺͬʵһģҴ˺Ƕ˵бֻݵ±˴ˡԵʱݻʺĸԸ޵˫ȴʹϺܶ˶֪һٵġŮˡĴڡ
ʵǸǳרӣݵĻʵҲֻݻʺһλӡݻʺ֪Լ˵ص㣬ֻᵮŮȰʵȴʵֹˡԣͳҲֻһŮá
ǣѡ̳˵ʱ򣬽ʵ۽ԼĵλԼֶӣҲδĳʵۡʵ۸ǽԼŮҲ˳ʵۣҲҵţֻʺ
Ŵĸ֪Ůܺ󣬱Ҳ֪Լᵮӡʵ䲻ƽʵǰΪ˰һУȴҲǶһһ⡣ɺ󹬣ϵ档
֪Ųü̳λʱǵӵõõʧȥȨƣȻΪ֪ĺŮ۾Ϊɫһ֮ӡº˻ǻʺ½µҲҵľ˸
һеľΪǹϵŮܣԶ׹Ƶ½еģûκ֪Ҳ֪ǬԲŽһжϡ
ˣȻͬ綼۾ˣȴ˿ûѪԵϵˡ¹Ҳϵ²ԯһй¶ȥ
ԯͷ䣬ŷ뿪
ͷ΢΢ЩʹЩ̫ףȻⱦŮôܣҵΪҪҴȺȥѰұأ
ҪȥѰұصʵˣҵʦ֮ʣ֪Լʱղ࣬㽫ҽнķ䣬ʱ˳ͷԣʲô¶κģһƬ硣
ʦҵı΢Цͬ˵Ѿͷûͷͷô뿪أ
ʦſϥϣʼĳʦ᲻㡣ƷңˣҲҪߣ᲻á϶ҺõˣѾԽԽˣĲ֪˭
ɵѾͷˣԼҵͷĴȰͷȻĲϣ˶һֽȥﻹԶţ񲻳ǧô
ҡۡһЦ˳̶ֱû˼ʦ̾˿ε˵ÿ˶һҾ⡣ԣʹҲµ£ֻҪǻŵʱԾ龡ˣκźͺá
ͷⱲӸɵĺ±Ȼ¶࣬Ҿһŵʱÿ춼ңڣ֪ԼڣҲôݣ͹ˡѾͷ㲻̫ѹһиҪµȥûʱѹ
Ҫ£Ҳᣬ̧ͷ
ǰ㲻иŮҪúչ󣬻ŮȵȣҲչ˺ǵġУĸ顭
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ѾͷҲҪ㣬ֻϣܻ㿴ȻӢţ֮ʱԾ֪ԼϲǸ˾˭ѾͷǻҪ뿪Ҫ˭һԧ죿
ҡͻȻЩִ٣ǰֳһӰһůϤĻ
ѾͷôѡҶϣܹһֱʦһֱҵʦֶϱ
ʦֿʼʡ
Ѿͷ֪ȼҪֻǹȥߵĸԶζ˵

ڶ 䣨ģ

ʦ취ٶ뾡Т̷ЩʱաҷϥϣһŮͬ
ӣͷǻˣȵľˣ̫įˣҵȥ顣˵΢һ٣￪ʼĹʣӦҲܼįɣȥ
ʦҪ˵ˡҵѾЩƲסˡ
ˣᣬʦкҪҪ㡣ͻȻҴδı飬æϵˮ
ǰ㸸׾ȥ˹֮ǰȵҹҡ
ҵȥݷùʦЩ⡣
ǵģͬ˵ŮıǧػģֵһҪزסˣԤϵгһգʿἯͬѰ֮Ը˵ıȥ㵱ʸ֮ģŴȥǱѰ
ѰǱزϰôҪȥѰأ
Ҳֻ˵Ҹ㣬ҪѰصĲ֮ء˵ƾӣǹ⣬ⱦؾǲȤģǱʱƣҲҪⱦأǻ⽫ⱦػˡ
˵ǧŻٵأһҪҵصĵص㡣Ҫҽң˵ѺΣգҿ㻯Ϊȫˡ˵ţӻͳҽеϡ
ҽӹңеĸоǸӡԭȶԽҴĸֻȱ֮˲Ż뵽Уû뵽Ǿӽ״ҲӢ
㸸зԸ˵ŽҲ״򿪣һдбؿصܡⱦĻغܶ࣬һСľͻҪӱСġڶ͵ң㸸˵ҪͶ·ʱſԴ򿪡ס𣿡
ҵͷң΢΢ʼȡǰҰеĵ·ƽǰҽһϰҿһ·Сϳף˭Ϊأʼ¶ģ½֮ұȥѰӴ˳ϥ£źꡣ
ʦסҵ֣ѾͷһµæҲֻܰҡ
ʦ˵һʦԸ̧ͷ
ٺһЦ϶ͬ˵һ𻯡Ѱرأ㽫ҵĹǻͻȥĹ磬ĸ׵ĹԱߣɡ
ҵıһᣬֿʼˡ˵˵ŻܰŪ޺üΡ
Ҳ֪ҵΪʲôһҪҴŴѰҵأҵԸһǶģҾҵ˼ŴȥѰء
ֻⱦڵصܣҪβ͸أеġ׷͡šǽʾָ֭ıʮͨ͸ٲȻǲزʲôģʹҲҲʲôرͼָֻĳɫЩ滹΢мߵ㣬ʵǲ򲻵á
ʲôأ˼֮УһůĻӵţȵĴҵһ£ҵ˫ȾһƬۺ졣
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컬ĺܣһҲ簡ЦŴȤ
ߣƤռռˣı˶б˸ռˡ
˭˸ռıˣѲ볢ҵġٷ޵зڡ
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ҵԴʱ죬ˣ⻨ײˡСۣǻҪһͷġ
磬æһЦⲻǣսľ˵ȥǶΪ˶Ŀġǻҵľ˰㡭ûаôɣ
ǺǣҵȻ֪Ķ˰ҷģҲᶯһëġЦųգգۣһɹ졣
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򣬺磬ôͻȻֻأ
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ȵȣ˵ʲôأͻȻҵūˣ鶼ҪͬС棬㲻ĸԸıɡ
δҳһѩ׵ĶǶʵع⻬ۻʵޣ϶ʱůࡣ
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ô꣬ЩȴѾǶթԹ֯¾һҲֻΪǴ˵еıء
Һ絽ĵصʱԾƲסĵ㺡¹֮£ռҪλӣȻǾԱߡ˶ԭķΣֻһаȣһӢ䡣
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ҺҲϯãεӣѩһߣһߡճһҲһ˫ꡣ
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壬˵ʲôĻأѩͻȻڣһ˶̫Ӻ̫мӣǰҲҪۡ
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˿ûӸңͻȻ޴Ȼ㿪ĵһЦҵһǣͬһöȵӣ˲ҵϷѿȾһƬ糺졣
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ǵ۹ѩ̺˶죬˵ѩ̶ʱֻֻеս⻰һ㶼ûѩ̻ս

ڶ ֯Ͻһ

⻰ʲô˼סԼȻĿ˵ǰʹңѵ뻯ɸΪ𣿡
Ӻʱ棿۱ģЦȴޣһϮ¹ӳ֮ϣȴԽ塣ǲǰ㣬ֻڰҵܵܶѡҵĸǰһһǲʧġ㣬Ǻò׵һжˣǶ಻ֵã
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һЦԭ˾ôҵġ
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֮ʣѩ̸ȵ
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˵ûŪ𣿡տʼЩǹĸ飬ΪǹŮ𣡡
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ѩ̣㾹ǰ˳ԣҲ̲סЩݡ
ǣҰСͰεմһǰȰҺһ˵ңȫȫҺãҺοҪ׷ѰһûԼأ
ֱ뿪ңҲʶ˵Ļжôȷ֪ҴҵӣҺʹǣ֪л޵ͻʵʱȴ޷ˣ֪ûң֪ҪڶŮӷҲˣֻҪܺһ𣬽ôҶӦ
Ҽ޸֮Ǻܺõģ͸ҺܶණÿҲҵĹЩЩûеġҵǺߵģ֪ʼղĿɺضأʼհλ㡣ÿùĶȻʧʹҿŶܡ
ÿңԶĵطҾ֪һ㡣ÿƣҲ֡棬㣬ѩ̳ôֻҵĸ󣬽գ㣬Ȼ߰ɣȥĿɺضأҪĥˣҷģزΪУһͻʰɣ
ѩ̡ںͻȻʲô˵ˡ
ˣͻȻһȣҪ˵ˣӳµӰ֮Уɫ֪࣬˶ȥԼǱѩ̵Ϊǻˡ
£ѩ̻˵Щʲô
ȶˣϽȥϢû޵Ҳ˼顣
Ȼ
ȥŭѩŽˮɣת˸Ȼȥ

ڶ ֯Ͻ

硭¹ӣͻȻЩҲ֪羿˶Һѩ̵ĶԻҲѩ̺Ͷ絽״һʲôĻֻ֪Ҹղ˵ЩԼѩ̶ҵĿ󣬶Ὣʣ޼䣬ΪԽıˡ
˵ˡĻһɰˡ֪ûҵġ
磬ģ֪ҵĺãǡľˡ
ǣȴֻܰҵܵǵˣ𣿡߽һվǰǸȴһƬ޷ѹ֮СΪʲô磬ܣ磬㶼׵İǣΪʲôֻңȴԶò֪ЩֻԹ޻ڵĴ㣬ҲֻҴδù㡣£Ҫ㣬ҪõֺҸͻʵĺɽҲ۶գһ£ΪʲôȴԸͬһ棬㵽Ҫô
ұԴ۾ʼʪЩ꣬ô۰֪ġȥͻʣܣʵϸҪΣնת޵ԼϣҲ˺Щô᲻
ֻǣһ˵ʱҲݲˡΪűˣԶҸһҲֻܳΪ̡ҶԴ磬Ҳֻ¶Ů黳ȴڳʱ򣬴δ˿ԳԽҶ磬ĳİΪ￴κ˵ĺã磬ɽȴ˺ۣգҰ磬ǱҵжҲǶְҸɿˣʹңҲ˳
ôһ£˱أ
ʲôҲΪʹҸٶ࣬ҲȲΪҶеĺãȲǶ˺Ҫ㾡УҲ뻻һЦȴԸǿޣҲ϶Ц
Բ𣬶磬˽ڣ֪СжӣĲõ˴İҲԣӦͬ˵ģҸ룬ȴ̰ĵҪõ۰ҲԣҲġ
˵ˣȻֹסңΪʲôҪ˵ôұ֪ûңԾĴ룬ȴộҪΨһϣ𡣡
硭ҲãҶԲס㣬ӽ˹ɣѩ̿ʼµɣһһõˣѩ̰
ˣ˭Һã˭ģȻ֪Ǳһ㣬˵Ҳգİɣӽ֮ҲҪʲôֻǵԾ۰Ǹþ͹ˣҲĶ磬Զֻվ㿴Ľ
ҲסʲôʱֻҪҪұԶ֧㡣شûŴ죬ſأҲѰһƧ֮㰲ֵȥҼǵãжڣ˿Զһһ
ȻӯȴӲŲ˼ÿŮ˵ɶġֻϧȴ꣬ԣԳֻڴиõи۰Ů˿Ӧø˲
ҡͷЦ뿪ҵԡ֪˿һ˺صˣֵܣ˺ζô᲻֪أֻǣҪȥ˺һԼˣҪʮֵ
ԶȥıӰҶѻǹһ¶Ὺʼ£ʼĿˮ嵭˾ױݣȴҲ岻Ĩκͱˡ
ұ߿ޱ߻Щ귢£ŴǶжôĺãҵΪ޵Խ׺ˡҲ֪˶ãȴһƬů⣬һ˫ı۰ε§ĻĻɢһİϤĹ
оǹ˼ʮ꣬Ľ§ţһ˿ҲϷſƵģҿ޵ûˣ㰲ſĻ°ҵĶͷϣǵĥţƺǷ˺ܾõİһ㡣
Ҷ룬һӽڻڡ̾˵ǣ֪ѾˣԲԣҶǾǿˣ˵һӶġղţͬ˵ЩҶˡʣû㸶ô࣬뷨ʲôʸҪأ
棬һҲһǵʹˣպܻЩҶͳͳܣֻúõ§㣬ܶǰڻ¶ˮȵһ˽ҹҲ֪ûл
ҲֻúۣܶѹͷһЦҶߵ͵͵˵ǵʮǰĽһ׸裬׸ҵڻǵú
˵ţʼҶͬ¶ҵ顣
ںڵյʹķ
ɳ˼˭
ϵϵõή
紵紵ֻҪ
ɻ˯ һ˫һԲ
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۲Ҳܶ

ϤĸоȴֺôңԶֶҲ֪Ǻʱ˯ȥģֻʱѾԼĹ뷿ԼĴϣߵҿ˫ǰ
ˣЦЦĿҡ
磿ôͻȻľӳǽһޣʲôñ
ҹȶˣͿ˯ͻȻǱǲҲȶˡЦˡ
һƬѹÿηʲôʵﶼһȴӲҴңʹôܣҲҪ棬ЩҶİٰĮĥģ
§סĲӣͷؿڣ³֣Բ𡣡
һ𣬽ҽ§ڻڣʮֽȴҾøⰲġΪҪʧȥˡſɬ
ᣬԶʧȥҵġٴοڡ
𶯵ĸ§ҵ˫ҲԽˣܸܵǰľ
棬Ұ㡣仰Ҿ֪ҵġﻹбˣҲˡƱؽץסΥԸҶٴ뿪ˡΪû㣬Ҳ֪Ҫôȥ

ڶ 䶬

硭ҵૣͷøĻһůҾðĿǰϲϵӻ㣬ҲϲϵĹϵζʲôأ
ҵͷϵζǵģźۼȴ˾һΧҵԡ׽͸ҲţǶҲĻ￪ʼֻСһ㲻Ĺš
ҵȻһ˲佩Ӳʲô̧ͷƳֻһ˫ʱˣҵĲ궯
æתƻ⣺磬㶼õʲô
ܲһҵĴϣһֻסҵһĸҵĺ󱳣ǲ̫۶һǵʮСģϵ˱ҵ˫ƺҪҺĿСʪ⣬ɵ̽ҵĴڣ׵ĽҵʼϮ
ںǻһҪıȴֺͣЪƺǲϾҡ
棬ҡЩԣĵħһ㴩͸ҵĶĤ
棬ҡһοڣЩС
ħһ⣬̽˫֮䣬ǵõĹ˲㽫าǵҵϣͣšҵϲͣĻԲȦȻֲĿʼ˱Ҫ¶ӡ
ҵĴѾЩϢʶҲЩ룬һֻҵ֣ؿڣĦţڸﾭ޵ĳ˴סˣϢˣֻҵ֣ԼϢ
ſҵ֣һֻ̽ҵʼǰꡣ̱סˣǵ˼⽩Ӳ֢һҲáĴҵĴ⽫Ͷռһ˿©
档ʼ͵͵ҲͣĽҵ֡ԸоȵѾʼͣĲ
һֻֿʼҵĿӣҸȴǵø˿ɲҷġλ٣¿޵ĳ𣿿ϧ˼ҲǿϧҵĿӽ⵽һʱǵСʹҲûþͳ˽
ף䣡
ҳϣĲǸϸĸףȻôС͵ŮԼϵڴ϶ĳ
Һ綼ɵۣ˴ϡҲɵۣδԼĸĸô۹ųʱŮԵȻǰЦĵڴϣڵĻڣ촽΢΢ףͷңɫ죬һֻֻ̽
䣬ʲôأСĿʵ
ӻｫֳֵֻϿʼջǣ֪λشʵ̫ˡ
һ̽飬ͻȻֺȻģ˵֪ˣڸҲҪҲҪ
龫ֵСѾͷӲǼҺм䣬ʼ绳ﹰȥͻȻֱɫѿȴԾϲȥͣţҲҪӣҲҪ
ɫᡱıˣӵϣ࣬ѹ˵ͬȥ˵꣬㼱æ߳䡣
ҿȥӰͻȻЩЦܵҵĻŽ˵䣬Ϊʲô氡ǲǵ˰
ұӣЦ˵ûǻ£ǡǼȥéޣȻﻵ˵ģԽ˵ԽЦʵ̲סˣЦЦЦţͻȻСһﴳĺ£³϶ܺõȥֹסЦôʲô𣿡
ŤĴӱͳһĲİֽݵҵǰȻ֣µ˵ոջĴ׵
ҽӹֽ滭һŵɽǳһ䲻ѣȴɴһ꺢ͯﻭҲδ̫ˡ䣬⡭㻭ģ
ǰף仭Σһֺõʵ
䣬ҰײǸ˵һҪʵʵĺǲϲġ⻭˺ãǳ֣ΪҪƭأ
伱ˣɴ۾˵仭ģ
Ҹˣ㻭ģǰ컭ѩȮֻܣôڵܻɽдˮˣٲ˵ʵԺ㶼ˡ
伱ˣۡһ˳˵ײҪңײҪң˵ʵ⻰ȷʵ仭ģ
ʲô
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ĻȻһָϵīʵһǳһʲô
ɽԶǸ˵ҪдʵԶɫǳ֡ЩɫľǽɽǳɫľԶɽ
ǰİָȻû뵽ô򵥵ĵԼȻˣҪһС㣡æȥ
ףȥİе
ȥǸ磡ԣװˣ壬ԯĭǣͳͳеǸǶ˵Ѿҵָˣ
Ҵæܵķ䣬һ㶣ʵ˻ţ
ĻƺͳɫǳһҰǰİָø
ʲôЩ⡣
Ƶ״ͳɫǳȫ赽ֽϣظһ顣
ӹָûֽ̿ű㿪ʼ

ڶ 챦ֶ

棬ʲô𣿡˴æϵ
ڰǰīܱʼӣﰵеףĺˣȻĻǻ۶ױȵģҵݸָһ߬ǷȻҵ˼
ǻ֮ˣ˿̸ǲԸרĻͼҼϸĵ򣬽ָ׼һ˿һӳҴδֻʮ˳ͨġ֮ʱǰٰ㿼ϸĥҺ׳գǽ˵Ʒֽ£ӡ仭ĺϸȴһ۶ʣȻģһǳɣû˿ԥ
ô˵бص𣿡ѩҲһԼſڡ
Ҳ˵ֻǿר־档֪ˣҪһҪ߼ӣҲ΢Ūһ°
ӵ뻳ڣҶ˵ʲôأҲһ㣿
̧Ƴȴϲã磬ܲµʲôʵеͷľģѵ˶ֻ֪Ϻ궴൱ģĳǸԽκ˵뷨οһôأ
ô翪ʼ˰ĿҵĶ䣬Ҳʼұƣһ飬֪ʱأͬҵ飬ʱյĻȡñס˵ߣ俴ڸʲôҲȻϢǣѩ̼Ŀ˷
͵ƿ磬ȴȻƬơЦˣźۼסҵ֣ѩһ˵ǻ̸°ɣⱦص𣿡
һձʵĶȻֽݸҵӣˡ
ҵͷͼҲֶĻ͡ġ˵Ʒ11ֽϻݣǽָϵͼΰһıŴʱûбߣûκιߣȴԽָһһʮķӳҿ¾ضΪһʱӢ
ΣҲһԿڣн𣿡
ͬ˵ɡҶ˵
ͷǣȻͼֽչǰɤӣʼ˵λ뿴ֽϻŵıǱصĲرͼ׷ѰķʵǴģҶΪָŲرͼ˰ָܡҼӽżУϵĳɫǳͬɽˮвɽԶɫ
֪ϰʱὫλɫǳҲ˵ĽɫһΪԶľɫΪǳָϵĳɫʼҶΪȻɣɫͨ͸£ȴǳõ·ͼ
ǣҼҽ˰ָϵĺۼȫŴʮչھֽ֮ϣհָϵİߵͼǡλ뿴ͼϵָʾЩɫǳһĵطȷʵԿɽĲɽ
˵Ӻţⷬ鵹뵽˶ϰĿϡһԿ˵컨׹ֻ۾״
뿴ɽĵطֻһϣڵĵطҲڵλá˵ţָָͼĵط
ٿָֹһЩߵ㣬ʱҶ˵覲褡ʵָչ֮Ǿͻῴָߵ״Ǹ״ָͼϵİߵλ˵
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˵˵鶼һ˼ϰԵüͷˡ֣Ծûб飬ȴ
ʹ˵һжģƾͼôҵصȷأѩ̵
ܼ򵥣뿴ָǸɽ壬ɽĶɢ״һɽĶָ״ǿԿ϶ıɽǱ治Զ÷ҷ塣ǵڣɽ彻֮ɽȣҲ˵ؾͲ÷ҷ֮Ĺȵס
˵һ仰ʱ˵۾ĳ˹âҲûȥ׷Ѱ˵ĵ׺ϲ˶һµ뷨ձ㶯ȥѰұء
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̾˵ǻۣҲ
磬վȥѰˣһ·ϿܻܶѺΣգϵ¡
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˵ʱ۵ϣ˵ĺеδѾǰ
§ĸˣȻ˵ֻҲףⱦŮģǱͿԶռУΪҪ˵أ
ռǿأЦЦʵһжֻǸ׵˼ʦ֮ǰ߹ңҪҴȥѰñڡҲ֪Ϊʲô׼Ȼ˵ˣһ˼ֻˣҲẦҡ
ͷ۾һĨת˲š
ҹɫȻ٣죬һнµĿʼ֪ΪΣԽǽӽԽ㷲ֻŴҲҪΣղźá

ڶһʮ ŵٺһ

ڶһ磬ǱװѰұءѰͳΪšһԶΪ׵ͻˣѩ̴Ŷȼĸ٣ȴҲ㾫ҲǴżɿĸչ鲻֮ǰģȶԣӴҪĶˣӲ࣬ҲСȨ˽ͻŪӣʣµıʿ˵ˣ˵ҵ¡ĭӡԯ
еգÿ˶֪ǲѰñأҲû˻ĸԸ˳ԣұ㰲´żлĶǣ˼ְбǣҲǽǵĺ֮ǡ
Ǽνﻹǳ˳Уɴɽ֮󣬷ֺ֮ܶϵĵ·̫խֻüУɴɭֵʱַ̫֮أҲﲻãֻͽ
СȨΪֱˬ˵ʲӹط̫ǵҲ̫ҵطˣôѱѡӲʺĵطţ
СȨö̫񣡡˽ǳ
СȨƲƲ죬˵Ķʵ
ЦŰڰ֣޷СȨˬʣʲô˵ʲôƽʲôڡֻȻڴˣȻǵĵңϵıôңﻹбؿѰǶ˹Ϸ𣿡
СȨɫ죬һε̫ˡǶֻɽ·󣬳´ߴ˷·һѰ˵طǰæ𣡡
ϸֳЦЦСȨָŴߴ·𣿡
ߣͲСжͣһͼһ¶ſںߵô죿СȨм˵
СɵЦ⾡գ⼸ΪƳָҩǴֲų˼գûʲô̫ı仯ֻ֮ǰԳһЩԾ̫һöۣһ㡣
ͬӼɻ˼˵̣Ӽɻ˵һ俴ƵӣȴʮֱܼԼʵϣ˭ԶƵĳСȨǲ֪Щģֱڿ죬Ȼ˺ġ
СȨĪҪĺˣĻڳ֮ϡҲҵ˼ʲôҲɵģСȨȨҷġұ
ǲỳɵ£ֻɽվһСĻᶪСҶǽĻ壬˭ǲõġСȨһá
СȨ˵ˡɽվΪξͲزñأΪصȻϣҹмأվ֮Դ֮ء룬ƬӦþС
ߣǾƣСȨֱĴϡ
εҡͷͬ˵һа֮Ҫ뷨ӵСȨ֮ìܣ֪Ȱڡ
罫뻳ڣͷҲô룬ͣҪһΰĹȣҪͳһĺһҪһĲܳ¡
ȻʵĽǣ߳Ƭ֮󣬻һƬԴģ︴գ˿Ӱһ㣬һɴůľ˶ǰľɫݷ˼ɾһ㡣
ɺǰһƬݣѾȥ̽ˣûסҺķ˺ܾõӡӦŮȾסĵطһ㱨
ߣǰȥͬ˵
һ˺ƺƵ߽ӣȻԣ䱻ķ˺ܾãǻҳ֩ڵİҲǼӣֻмŵӺһӣԷһȽϿһȽСЩڷŸֱ
Ӧ˽꯻ҹͬסĵطɡָſķ˵ǿﲼõĺԭ˵磬ε·ȴǴĻƣӦ˽סĵطһ䷿ȫǱӦǵĶסԷ
ʲôѩָϵһ˵ľǰȥֻһ֣һо֣Ϊûꡣ
ˣӦ̫˵ġĭӵͷ꯵Ĺϲ̴죬ǹеĸ֣ǴĹϲ壬Ժп꯵ĹΪȡôصΪΪ
ֻֿѲУȴһ߼䡣ָָֻ̣мǳӵģֻ谴·߳ӣԷΪʤսһҲмءֲǶôƣҲ֣ΪҪأ
ˣҪ̽ˡѩ˵Ҷ˵طֻǱصҪҵأ
а񡣡ԯһӺһڿƮڴͷҵһ˿϶ãǿյġ
ԯһŤͷĻأҶŤȴû˿
ӦţüͷȽλȻŤȦŤȦӦþܴ򿪡
ԯԣȻ֨֨죬һȴţ䡱Ĵ˿һ¥ݣֲָͨĺڰ
ߣȥƣ߽صǲһ˿и
խֻۣݵ˲С˵˻ӣŵ·ߵͷȴһŽȥ·
ŵ˻ѣ˽ѵȼֻҲ໹һ֣ӦŵĿأԯǰ԰֣þȫֲġ
ӦҪͳָǺһ𣬷ŽмԲָŴ˵֥鿪šԯٴ֣ű֨ѽ֨ѽĴˡ
ֻǰһƬտĴʲôҲûУֻǵŸ״שڴľͷȴһš
Сģлأ˵

ڶһʮһ ŵٺ𣨶

ʰһʯӣܲשĴ˹ȥмשǽڶʱСڣ˲䷢м䡣
ں濴£ǸղðȻ룬ڴҶѾΪҼµˡͻȻһصĵµãȥ
Ǻãüͷʵǿйȥ϶ᱻҼȥҵõأ
ʲôصģĭһϸ۲ţֳʲôصܡ
һµʱΪʲô⣬صؽСȨ棬Աһ֮ʱӦÿСȨ棬Ǵ˿ڴ˴³çĳȥһ̲ࡣ
˱أ·ѭģñأôȥأĭ
ϸŴĸשԼ졣שУשӷɵߣʮʮ˼ǰϵոռ龰̵ĸжߣжߣ
˼֮˫۷ų⣬Ӣ
ҲӢֻܹ̾˵һҵ˼ķӦ֮̾Ȼ̸ߵˣ
棬סҵǾשõĺղ̣뵽Ӧ߹ȥ䴩
ˡҵͷ绹ǵøղʱ˵̲оֵֽһҲ˵䲽ά裬ȴϣ룬˳̡ͨΨһ·ղŽתΪʤ·ߡ
δҲ̫Ϸˣѩһ˵ȻϽͨһݲðһ⣬ȫҪڷ
˵ҰֵΪΪӣȻǸСĵġתͷȥԯһ˵ʰʯӣָȷ·ߣաһķλУʯأǽڻĳô
ԯͷʰ𼸿ʯӣУţԯַһʯӣֵѸ٣ʯȵ˵λãûһ˿ƫ
һԿЩţҶڲ²׿ɲɿֻһʯº󣬴סʱ·ֹһû˵ֻǶϸĶͭǽڡȴǽ˿δҲɳһ
ٷŵڶš侲˵
ԯָʾųڶššһʮʯӣſ׼ȷ˵λã׵ķҽסֻıӰȴ˵Ĳͳͳ֣˲ȼǵϣ֮
棬ʮʯӶѷϣǽûһ֧˵·ȷģԯתһͷȴ˾ø߲ʡ
ҵͷ̧ͷ磺磬ǿ𣿡
ҵͷȻת˵λҶ˰ɣղԯʯӣûǽڵİ˵ȷģֻ谴աһǰУᰲȫִ棬λͬһ߰գ
˵꣬ת̤֡ԥĸʣµгɣҲǰԯʯµλСĵţ񾭺Ʊҡ·ľͷһ˸ߵ̨ӣȥתȥֽ˶ȫĵִ۵̱ڵأ˿
ûءĭӶŶʯ˵ǹ˼󣬿ȴڶŸסˡʯȻǵڶأʯڱɰƴնɣϿ㣬ÿһҲ㣬Ͳ֪Ÿͬŵʲô
쿴Ա߿̵Ŀģָʯڲһֵĸ˵
ֻüо񣬴ӵʯϵĸû뵽Ӣĸ˼ҲǼ򵥡
棬㿴ö˵ʲô˼һʵ
ҵͷ˼˵Ҫţ費ϿһʻߣҪŸȫǡ
ڿεҡͷ
е㣬ֻıʻôܣǲϿĻҿҲʡ
ʣıʼɡͬ
ĳһЦ롱ĶҼϵʯӣŵһе㿪ʼ𣬵һݹһе㣬ȴûֹͣ½Ǹ·һλã̶۽ʮȣб߹ᴩһеڶ㣬Լڶеһ㣬ȥֱͬһеȸߣٽۻأᴩһ㣬ʯͣʼ㣬Ҳǵһһ㣻һʮб£ᴩڶеڶԼеһ㡣
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ͣʺź¡¡ĴˣͶ֪ЦݡȴһƬ飬ʵͱɶȻĴϻۣȴǴᴩԽģԼܹĽŪԼӸ㣬ǱȲǱ֪𰸵ġ
˵ıǾȣû뵽һڹŮӾȻ˲ǡǴһûüʲôȴȻڶź龰ס
ڶź͵֮ľȻһˮʯӳźȥþδɼˮס
쿴ľ׮ĭָźˮ˵ǶһȻľ׮ģҺݷֲ룬䲻ǺݶΪʮţҲһ㡣ʹûΣգй˱Ṧ̤ľ׮ȥˣ
ȻԶûס

ڶһʮ ŵٺ

ȥԡ˳ȥһ·ϻ㶼ǳĬģ鲻ãһ·Ǽÿ˶С¶ֵʱ򣬾ֻжĺҲ˶Ĳ壬һ򰮳ͷĻƲסˣһȵĳ˳ȥ
ӣĪҪΪŪĻ׺ӶŭĿԲҪ˵ҲһｵһүΪ˴ǸӲǰ¶ĵȴҲֻƤǰÿÿǿƲסԼ
¡ֹṦҶҪ࣬ˮϷ׮ѵˮʽӦǼ¶ǹȥˡ
үӹֲʮࡣ
ֻϵһ׮˹һűԶĵڶ׮ͻȻˮʼֵڴ˿̷ˣǺڵ׮ӾȻʼе׮һ˲俪ʼסۼû֮һ̽Լ߷˻ֻոأڵ׮ֻ𣬻ָĸ߶ȣˮҲֹ̾ʲô鶼ûз
ʲôרŸԣɫ࣬ߣӾͳźˮղ˼ҷӦ죬ľ׮Ҫ˼ҵС
ұҪǿνṦ̤ŵܷģƽõĹҲҪһ̤ʩչṳ̂ŵֱӷɶͣЪģǲṦɣṳ̂ŵ㣬ƪС˵Ҳ÷ൽԴԽܿϵУӦûϵС
ȻΪÿ˵Ĺͬڿͣʱ䳤ҲͲͬˣȻǿڿжһģ̤֮ʱͨҪһЩǺҪν̤㡣
һƫƫˣһţֳľ׮ȥ̤ϵһ׮ֻ˸һ׮ȥһκˮȻûκζվڵڶ׮ظЦҾ˵ԱүĹССľ׮ҺΣ
ĿʼS·ߣ׮Ȼŷĸ׮ͻȻˮֿʼͬղŵЩľ׮ֿʼףۼҪŵĵĸľ׮ףļֻ֮ٴ̤ԼĽŷɻءֻһε·̱ϴҪ;ûŵ㣬̤ԼĽõʵڲ֧ɻ
˹һɵ߽ס˻ΪӣɹĶǼСͺһСŮһҲﾪ̾ʲôŴαBL̫һû٣ò绨լŮַ죿
ǰأǸոӿĺˮȻƽʲôûŻ㣬ȴһݵĽţۿȻܶĽеӣãңӴұˣ
סˣȴһֻСèƵһ￪ʼȥͻŪǰǷֿ罫뻳ڣŪǰݺݵšס˻Ķ䡣
л̫¶ӵľ֮Ūһ˵Ӻ꺰۵Ĵ̶Ųʡ
ߣ̫ҽܺĶӣһΣյĿ¾Ͳֻǻݲôˣ§ҵȴû˿и
Ҿ֪յģ׾С̶ˮɱǧģӣҩݣҵôôడ
˵һΣһꡮϲݡҲûУݺݵ˵
ȴﻹݣֹ޵滨꣬˲죬ʾؿ飬ֲֻͣĴ½ǡ
ϢŭĿǰڶȴǸӼ֣ģͷӣɧŵ̫µġŪϽǰ˵
ǰǰ׮Ź棬ҪôܹȥҲڵܲܽдҶιȥɣֻǴ˺лأµˮ׻в⣬ǽż
ϸŸղŻĲϤͻȻǰһתʶ磺磬磬Ǿøոһʼ׮ûжʱ򣬻ǲЩϤ𣿡
룬ѿڶǾ߮
ܰüͷصĻǼǰ趨õģ߮Ǹ׺׹ͬģǼǧǰеأ
ҡͷҲ֪ҲⱾŮĲֻǵ׽תΪṦ̸ҡһԣҲûбİ취ˣ
ɡһչۣӰ˳ȥڳ棬Ҿͨ߮ѧЩƤë⣬Ҳǻ߮ġȥμĽ²ֵԽԵĶ书ڸԷŮڸı߮²ڸҵµ޼
ʱݣǸԶֻѧƤëʽڹķȫᣬұûʲô书츳⼸Ҳϰҵ޼ֻẰһ䣺Ǯ޼ޡ˳ŽҴСϰ߮¼ˣû뵽ôˣȴ̸ĹμУĵװ塣
ֻ簴վ߮˳ǰȵ䵽ÿһ׮ϣƽ羵ûһ˿ɵںһֻĺڻ䰿裬һþ߮һŵĶˮǷ궯վǰȫĵִ԰
һϲҵȥˣǻֻ߮ĸˣҲζŽȥ·ֻˡ
ʵʣµҲǾĵģѩ񣬼ֱҪ˻ˡ˵ĳ˷ģκλ⹦ֻˣԭҲֻˡǣҵĳǸϽԼСģ򵥵İ֮ҲʩչṦɵ˶档

ڶһʮ ʼɿ

ִ֮һҵ˺խĶڡµȼӣ˽붴ڣŶѵķǰСʵҲû֪ⶴķ򵽵ǲȷģֻǰһ·Ҳһԡ
ҶЩʪܿˮεҹäЩأ˻ĵطĶ罫ҵսǰȥһ·ߵʮ࣬ǰ棬ںףҺм䡣Ϊҵãڰ·ЩСʯӰ粻ͣĻңҲǽŵĲͣͷ
ǰй˵
ԼǰԶмֹ˼ӽŲѸĳڡӭӶһյİңҵ˸ղĹԴǹԴʵһ˶ҹ飬ι̵Ƕ룬ܡҹ飬ʲôҲûˡ
ǵǰʫӽҹĹâ˵өСЦͬ˵ʱ̾Ȼз绨ѩµ£Һ磬ᵽө桱֣ǵɫʮѿûע⵽ҵı仯ϸȥĥҹȥˡ
Ҹоһȣͷȴ˫ȵӡֻܱ԰οЦݡөʼõĻ䣬ڼɡ
棬˵ҹʲôأҲϸţ̽ʲôܡ
ǿлءָҹĳ̨Ȼǿתӣ᲻Ҳ֮ǰǸͷţһתĳĻأ
ϸĿ˿زţţĿоŸĿ̶ֻ벻ôţķ򿪡
̨ϲҳὫҳȥ̨Ͼ¶һСе̵ġ쿴ҲҹĻڣ棬ơ
ϸģǷ˳˵ҵǽʵţֻһſֱͨ򱦲صĵطǰŵ壬ֻҪ򿪱ȫʬԣҹתȷķ򡣡
Ǻνȷķأʾһżʵ
ûС̾˿˵ŮԻ֪ÿһŮԼŮģĲ֪ҳʱˣ޴ӵ֪
˶ΪҪԴ˷֮ʱͻȻڵ棬֮ǰûи˵ʲôߵߣ֪أ
ͻȻ뵽ʦ֮ǰ̸ңǵ˵һнҴ򿪻صİ취ҸϽóһңȻ滭һָֻĿ̣ʾҪҽתĿ̶ȡ
յķתֻ죬ǽڱ㻺򿪣һͨͨǰУñ㵽һ´ãֻ˾ȵǣտյκαءǧװԪӷɢڵϣȴûҲͿˣʣ˿
һ˱ءü˵
дһȭǽϣôãȻʲôûУôܣ
ĻҳӦЩʱЩ߱صǺܶǰġڵͷϸоЩر䡣ƣﻹЩֵӡѾģˣ˵⣺һǴ߱صʮˣǴ˵Ĺ˵ãȻԽƾ㽫ᡣ
߱ص˾˭߱ʲôĿģҲͷȥоƣЩصĸǼҶ⣬˱ȴûҲֶҪʲôأ
ԣһЩؽ׾ٵģҲعǣҲûл֮
Ϊ֮ƣֻͬزǲڴ˴֪֣֮ĿֻšҪټȥ̽ⱦص䣬һҲҪ֣Է߱ص˵նģ˵
λͬҵ쵼ˣȻΪصȴʧһ£µ֯ҿ硢绹óˣͻȻһֺǰοĸоϣҵ˰ʣµָƫƫȴΪ޵СܴӴ˻ɸΪ񲯣սղܿ࣬ⱦضҲֵˣ
˵ûҵЩʧ䣬ҵҲˣһ˵ĽѡͻȻú¿ʼһ޴ȥ˵Ͷ·ʱ򣬱򿪵ڶ֪㲻Ͷ·أ
ҽԼЦһͳڶֻ˿дʮ֣ȸ֪ϼȻһʪǵ۰ҰҲǵ˽ң֪ãȻʱҪůһؼҡ
˾ɥĳ˵صϣԸŶ˵磬ҪԴѩ̣ĴŮӣҪ
ͷҷģҲܿġֻȥ̫ŶޱȣͬǺѰ֪϶ӦˣҲ۸㣬ǵã㻹ж磬ҵãǴͻĹͻսʿĺܣ
˵ȭȭҲʪۿ
ѩ̵뿪ˣ˵ǻҪȥһߣ֪Ϊѩ̿ģǿο˺ܶࡣǵıӰұΪһˣ֪˺˵ԵĺأνǧԵһǣˡ
ԯһҲͬҵ˵ңܴҲûǣң뵽ȥңɽˮҺǲᣬ˵ңңӣҪʱɻ֡
ĭӺһҲҴУ˵ȻԾкޣǰȴֻƽӡѾּһͳͳҲѱ˶ƣǱ㲻׷ͬԯһԼҴˣҪĻʱҡ
֮󣬲ͬҵ£紵°ڣҸռʱӣȻʡǧȴ޴˵ĸоҲʵںܣҪİ·ȴҪУָоıȵȴٻҪʹࡣ
ء˵п࣬ǾΥĸȴٴڡҵͷҿԼٴζҡǿԼڵҲء
ǰ뻳ڣ˱ǵķΣĻǶôϤֻԵıһ£뿪ˡǾȴҵ˸˵棬Ұ㡣һֻһˡ
ȥıӰȻġ罫뻳ڣȻʧӲʵôˣ
̧ͷݵĲ磬ǻؾɽׯɡ

ڶһʮ  Է飨һ

мҾƯĵۼ˵ҳʱͬͻʴ˳ʤ̣ĸǣ꯵ĸǣұȡΪԷ
ҵĸܳ裬ÿֻᵽĻʺĸҲ䲻ȣΪҵĳҲĸϧһȴǸ
ʱʺΪһŮŮ͸ģ¼ˡҺϲǸСޣŽĸȥʺ￴ĸȴݺݵ˦һƣ˵סӵеһжᱻĸŮߣĵˣ
ʱһףĸ׵˼ʱţȴᵽ˺νĵˡʺŮţСĺͬĸһ˫ɫ۾ĸ˵۾ŮӶǻṴ֡⻰һ㲻
ŽԽףƤƴһ㡣ұΪĵۼûãƺű㱻档˶ŶͬŮһÿÿᵽҶ̾Ϣš
ҲʼĸŮǣǻʺһӣʺ󶫹һʱޱȡʹ˭ܳ˭ܳ豾ǴΪ˵õҵ𾴣ͬߵĺܽܶ࿴ۡ
ͬŹϵҪãʵĻҲŲʮʱ򣬸ʾҪȥѧö顣ĸۼܽѧõĻᰡţ˵Ҫһ顣ȥҸʣû뵽ʽžʹӦˡ
˵ȻŮȥѧþ͸Ҫ͹ݵҪּǴӵۼΪˣ˭֪űϮҵķȴֻͬһԷȻ˹֪˶ЦңЦҼʹҲԾɲøʳ谮Цֻŵĸƨ档
ʱʶ˻ʸʸҲҵĶӡΪǵճʸҲǺܲø׳谮ġ֮ԿȥѧãȫճСࡣҲȻһЦôƵڰνͬˣǵ˵ͬ
ǺܿҪõѣšΪ˷Ƕ飬˵ΪϿԶ˯һᣬʾĵĽ̫ѧԺᵽڡһǵþһνʱ򣬱ΪЦ˵ѪͳһѧáʱѩصģΪ˲۸ĴĻıˣҲ˺ۡҲ֪վ˳ȥǰ档
ҼǵҺη˵Σʹ˻ʺĺӣĸЩСһüëšǲͣң˵ֻǸǮָģ˵ԸԼʮҲҪЩڼҵĻǲú컹ҵԼҸʵĶǣûһܶȫزˡ
ʱųǣ֪󣬼øʳ谮ԲΡȻҲΪ˵˻ʺĶĻĸһû뵽Ȼһһû˶ôùҵʱ룬Ҫˡ
صУ׺ݺݵĽѵһ١˵ˣλӡ֪׶ԱȥɲǣȻʱŰ㺡ҶٺãҶֻим鰮
֮ͬžʱʱҪɸǼڵģ֪һң⣬ʱıҵĸ顣Ȼ˾Ĵȥţʵ֪ʻһ˼Ϊʸս׳󣬹߸Ҫǣסǣʽʸҳӡ
ҿǻʸҵĳӺҲǶģǸˣһ͸ûʲô谭ˡ֪Ȼּ˵Ҫȥһһ߾˿һꡣĵã·Ҳ飬ӱȻǻͬҪģô谮ţҲҪ£ʸҵˣ˵ּ顣
ұһ˸ͬ˵ʸͬųϦദ㺣Ҫ󸸻ʽָʸҵĳӡңҲΪ᲻һ˹ĳޣһ˻ʸҡպûʸһӣȻһ޸ǸĶӡ
ʺǸжΪŶԷҸԽݼ޸һĶӡҵݺ˵Ǹ㰡ԷҲһܳӣύʵЦЦҵĸʣϺͿˡ
ܿ죬ź;عͻϢ𾪡ҴͻȻ֮Ȼ˸顣˲õԤףȻŵĿ˸ʵʢŭΪ˽ģʮһΰͷ˵ҵģ붼Ҫ롣𾪣ͣΪʲôֻһ仰ǷҵģĸǷĸŮġ
飬ҵˣ׼ȵļ޸û뵽ǣȻ󵨴˽ˡҷŭˣץˣǾȻӵӰ٣ǾȻͳͳҡҺЩֲ˲ԼҲΪáҵȥȴû֪ǵ䡣
ҶԻʸһǨŭǺϵ˵ʸһͼ췴ʸһұ͹߸ֹ˸۰Ůʢŭ֮½ʸһš֪ǻʸţػȣֻҪᣬ˵ʲôҲҪž
նɱʸҵʱҺǵ⣬֪һʹģΪں˺̫ࡣںָоֻǵλߵ˲ӵеģʶһ۵ŮֻںԼˡû뵽ʵúܶ˲˴Ϊ˰ˣҲΪҼ޸󽫾
ｫǴ³ÿֻþͷ¡ÿÿĥĲȴֻ¿ĭûõԺС㣡һźӵʱȻةŮȢǸǼģ;ףԾҲǷİź뾡һа취ĥҿǸĵĳΪ۽ǳͬżֱһģһ
ҵķΪµŮһ۶ûбƿڴֱӽŮӸ誡ôһΰĻͲԸҿŮֻԼڽʼŷ˵ŰÿǽҪһЩ໰ҽץűӷģܵһг趼ΪţһҪȫ㣡

ڶһʮ  Է飨

̧֪ͷһ죬ҿʼŵŪһԶҩڽĲβû뵽үȴԡࡱ췴ҷӭսֻɱʱһˣȴجġĸеĻ׹壬Ϊƹ˻ʹڡΪ꯽ĻұȾټǨ㡣
ǨﻹһϻףŵİһҡʱоƣֻüŵİܴӵֿȻ֪壬Ծȥһ˳µĽӹĶϻֻ
ĻʵȻǴŵǻģͳȴҵĺܡҲڰĬĬϵ˳ᢣȴһ졣˭֪ǿۣϵ˾ҴӸϢ֪ϼɽѾУǻ͵͵ʸҵŹ¾˳
Һ޵ҧгݣȻĺӣôԣҵĶһ˶ˣҵĸҵĵλİˣһ붼ˣҾһʱᱬը
һ棬ұǴ㰵ԾۼȵʱƷͳΣϵλں洹ֻû뵽ʸҾȻкϣӢ֪ˣһӵʸҵĺʵۣǸء
ͻȻһ⽫Լ˳ɽ֮ϵϽǱߵʦ󣬺ýź͸߳Ȼһغ֪žͨŰֻ֮ϴźӣҪչ˸߳Ȼһ˴ʧˡ˱һ˫
ŹԸ󷨷ɣֻǺȻ˺ųҽˡۿƻһŪҼҪЮģҪҲҪȥšţ㾿мֺãǶԣǸǧ
ۣվΪ֮ĹǳĺܣţһҪѹң񻹲ҵ£ֻ޲Լֽĥ̫ˡģһúչŮҪǷҵͳͳŮϣĺﶼҪҵġ
ķˮ縴Ϊ̫һֱΪ̫ӵľʼϲǣȻǼ˵ŮҪȢΪСǽܲñκθǣȴһ˫ŮȴΪǡ
ҼǵõһμǸ˵ŮҼֱסˣͬǸ׼ֱһģһСɵˣһ˫ɫǻṴһ㡣˵ǣ˵ȴһ޹ϤģҺ˶ʮ궼ûа취ǣģ
ҶѾͷһøжûУҷԸҸὫȴͬ˵ҪݣҪ˶֪飬Ů˶Ļʺ˵²ΪǰҺοҵд˾򣬽һɹľ
̶ͲͬˣȻ޸Ǹûõĸ߼϶ĸʧԸ߳Ȼ¶˳ҲԸ¶˳ˮۣҲԸ̶Լ誵Ĺϵ͸¶ñ̶Լ޸߳Ȼ
ɱ̶Ȼϣ˵һ鶼ңΨɡѶϤԸȻĸ飬С˼ôùأҶ˵Ǹ߼϶ֻи棬ǼѾͷʹԼϲҲҪռţ˵̤ѵҪ𣬾ֱӼ޸ϲˣҲ֪ܵʹࡣ
Һܵ⣬һ鶼ҵƿе鶼ҵļƻһǰǵһ̶ͬ˵ĶѾͷˣ˸ŮʶǶôĴ
ұҲԸᶯ飬ȴѾͷ¼СͬضףѾͷѹĿ޵УȴĬĬΪɡŭգֱɱ֪ٴͬұ֤˵ѾͷĴһļֵ
ʵڸߴѾſڵ½ǣ֪Ѿͷ͵ҹ⽫ǵļƻһ㲻ˡõ䵭ضĻ䣬ǵʱȥƻҲġ
ûʶȻҲǸӣѾͷǧ˳˵ΪðΣռγͻʣǶΥҵּ⡣ĵŮ˾˴Ѱұأ׼ֻҪҵأһɱɱǼѾͷ
ҵѽ˥֪ҵʳﶯֽšҸеɱ⺢ӾȻԲҵ֮Ϊ˵ϴ󱦻˵ΪһŮ˶Ҷ־οҵĺӣΪĿĲֶΡãҪͳߣ±Ҫͳߣ
ȻҪЦţҲͳͳıǡû˿ӮңֻԼӮԼҲϵͳߡ
ҪʵҸͲԴˣԼҲʧȥ˻ŵĿġηҲҪҵģͲƸҸмûп˻¡ԸȥĥţȴԽǸŮҲܽ׵»ٵ
ѰұأҴڴ󳼣Ҫ֤ˣʥּȴЦʮ̹ȻͷǰŪҵĶҩһȻЦдȥߣ壬ʼǶҰʹҲؽжȸۣ
ЦĸӲˣҼǵСʱÿÿôЦūǶƯ壬ӵǸˣϧҿˣȻ֪ǻѡأѡǸأ
ҵʥּдģ֮кð̫֮õǴ䣬¹ģնͻʣĺһ
û˿Զùңûˡ¶ʼįģţҺһڱˡĺĻֿˣʣĸŮˡ

ڶһʮ ϼͷɣһ

Һϣ󣬱ϼɽһ·ͣͣɽˮ˳˳ˮò⡣ΪļСһİȫǰСȨɻȥǡ˵СȨĥϣͬСǳʲôߣûŪСһǧһ⣬ʽЦ֪ǺҪݵĸ߼ٶȨǺء
磬ǵˣɢڴߣǰľɫЩϤʵ
棬ǵóˡĹģ˹סҡ棬㻹ǵóʱʮ㻹ǵ𣿡
ȻǵãȥȴոշһĿʱҪĺȻĴɽҹ仨ᣬ˺ܶĶŶˣ绹ҲµգʱѾǴϻ۹ˡ
ֻǵЩ𣿡Ȼ΢ЦɫȴЩʧ䡣
ȻҪ̻ЦʮֲãһǵΪҷ̻̻ôãģôأ
˵ĸȻʵҲûѣ̻ȷȻҲȷȻʱлǸ鰮ѾͷѹͲġ˵ҵļȴʼͣһƷΪҷŵǺ͵̻ԼĵЦġȻûожܣֻڵ廳ȥʱ⡣Ϊ֪Ѿ϶磬㲻ȥˣǸ֪ˡ
ǲûдóߣֻųǿͨϼɽĵ·һ·ԶУ֪⣬ȥ·¥˺Ͷĳμ棬ܡôȴ˵ڡⷬģʵжĽ
㻹ǵǸС磬ǿһͬҸ׵ĵطŶָŲԶ˵ǵʱǴóǻؼң·ƬС֣ķ˴ܣʱһǴģԺġ
ĸףʱ¶֪룬Ŵ磬ҲûӹꡣÿŮʱйּ¶黳ֻҷǳҵûнŪ
ߡɤӣҺôδһ֮Се˵ͬ׵ЩҵӸУһҪúóͷͷ㡣˵ţͷҵĴº͵ģ˼ϸһ㡣
¡⴫Ʒﴫܱ
˵Ľ§ڻδĴ
˵̫屧Դ𡣡ƷԾѹɤ˵
ԵһͣܰӦûô졭ȥ˲һ飬ϢǷʵ
ƷӦһǡ㲻ٶԡҵ˼ȴǾ䡰Ӧûô졭ʵ𾪵ĺܣ仰˼ԸԷ̫ʱӦָƣô˵ԸԷ̫ˡ
һ˼ǰѾ˴ӣѾɽׯˣҺӦ𣬷׷³ǰǾɽׯĴšôϤĳôϤĻ氡Ҳڸдࡣ
ȻɽׯǶѾܶ겻ˣȴԾ˽ɨĺǸɾࡣľϺȻӡ̽ġɽׯĸ֣ſڵҲڷŵƽĻݣſڵʨӵҲ
磬ĺлл㣬ﱣáϵͬл
ɵѾͷҵͷٴ뻳ڣͬ˵֮䣬˿οﲻļңҲҵļҰ
ĵһƬʪЩסҵ֣ЦŽҴԺڡ˵Ĵתתҽﶬĸ԰Ӱ˱顣Ĵ԰紺԰ڿŸʽʻжõҵ԰ҲҶ𣬴Сǧڷ֨ѽ֨ѽĻζţƺЩõʱ⣻԰ȴּɪΪӵ԰ֻһЩӣĶ԰֮ǰȥģҳԾǣ԰԰ǲݡ
ôԾˣº͵ĻҵաһжΪ׼ġҺСʱ򣬾гһսȢΪޣұ㽫԰ȫ׸㣬ҶԼļ֤
ҵһƬ糺죬ȴ˵磬ᡣ
ôû뿴ģ
ȥ֪ͻȻܻǿĻôǷǷǣֻһڵԣ֮֡
Сȴʮ־£ӽһƬԱߣ֪ӵҲӦӦö鼫ġڵİҲʮ־£ǵղصıֱŵǽϹĻ񣬻ܰӦÿն˼ĵİɡ
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ϣĻͷ֪Ҹ̧ͷĻȴһ˵أǽһʾҺһƬȻʾҲҪǰ򿪰񣬷ָһľ̵ĺӣĻƺǾ£ϵͼڡ
Ҳת֪Ҫδ򿪡ָźϵ˵
µĵңæͳҴȻʾתתֻɿһΣΪӵָʾ򿪣û뵽ȴһšŷд

ڶһʮ ϼͷɣ

Ҽæŷ⣬Ŵ򿪣ֽϺȻʾŵ塣

㿴ŵʱѾ˾ҵɾΪĺοһֱҶ֪Ǹĺӣھÿһݸ鶼ûа취ᣬ黹ǰ顣ԽˣضѾ˾˴鵽ϣΪеˡ
һ֣ΪҪȥѰұأΪҪؾɽׯʱգһѾ˽ԼݻйȥһĶԹûͬĸһŮĴˣͬһ汲ΣǱػµıء
ȴ򿪴˺У˵ѾȥɽҲ֪Ѿǰˡ֮ԾҪȥѰұأΪѾع⣬˽֪Ůˣ֮ˣ˭õأǱضĴ㲻졣ȻˣԴȥѰñصĲ֮˴ͷ
ô֪ر𣿲رǵߵġڶʮǰͬĸŵ£ٽ赽壬͵͵ɽ˳˳һΪغͷ飬ǻ˺ܾãŽⱦϵ˳
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Ϊ֪СǳȻɳȻʵõĹϵʼղῪҲͬĸ飬ֻ⺢ӸΪĸоǣֻòʱŻὫ㹱ģ籦һõǲϧǶ֣СҳȻȻƻڶ˼ȴǼֱӡȻСǧ˳ȻӹƧȴֻ׽ɼǶ˶ʵ֮ǿӵġ
Ȼ̫غȫȫãһҪġȻ㲻ͬˣ֪δ㣬²ķġȻʺ㡣ȻľԼҪҲǿֻϣŮһҪõҸҺĸõĻ֤ĸ֮ҲᱣѰİ֮ˡ
ͬĸ׵ԸǲͬԸ׽ĸĵȴҲ°ĺܣȴǶִˡԣһҪѡһİһ˺ǽ˰̡
ϣҸĹԲŻѡͬ۵ΪΪ۹⣬Ҳϣûпˡֻвƣһյԭû֮ǵҲ³Ĳ÷㡣
ŮǸۿߵĺӣѡضǾ֮ˡԸ⽫ɴҵҲûκֻ㶨ҪӦ㣬˺գҪΪΡ
һҲˡھͽصλø㡣ʵɽׯ֮ݵôӴΪرɽׯĵ¡صڱ԰棬ĸ׵¹ڣֻ谴յ˵ģҵء
ҷȥȻ˵δ򿪱ڵĻءɫѺǳأû뵽ؾȻʧãû뵽˶ıؾȻǴС԰档֪ʲôⱦֵֻģΪֲܲҵԸҲѱؽ
磬ȥɣȥ˳ҽֽݸ磬һ޺ЦݣΪһˣǰȴûأ˶ģЩȻҲģ֪ػ־ЩԸĺܡ
ıסˣӹţųʯĹâֺȼյĻ棬еĶ־ȼסҵ֣Ǽĵ֪ߣҲֻ֪ıߣֻ֪ͳһĺǵأ±֮棬ҵĺ棬仰Ҵӡ֪ǰĶңҶṼ㡣°֮һȥλЯαɽӣǴȥҵףǶϡҼʱ䣬һ
˵ҲЩ㺰ȻûǵĶϵλߵˡҲãԵҲգջҺߵһ𡣵硢绹ԸĺǵλѾƲһһ𣬿ɼĳǸҲǼġ
Ҳʮ廳ͬȥ꣬ҲöԶǳΡǸǲܽԴģҼѡ磬Ǳһһͬãҵжύҵ汲ػ˶ıءҵҪܼ򵥣ֻͬϲһһӣֻҲܹõҸÿնĵЦݡⱦҶԣûá˭ҪǮⱦһܽҴǡҲ̰ģֻϣܰȵĹӾͺáԣĸԸĽض硣
һôƽǽԼصĺܺãҲ֪ҵȷҶǵõͳһµĶѸ˽ذյҵϵָʾ˳
¹ڣǰģĸģһչһһο绳ԼҸˡ
פóľӣһʦӰ쵽һʱ䣬ЩزŴӵȫڳЩأͻȻ˼ֲظʾԼҪ롣
ʱƷٴγˣʮͬ˵£̻ع̫˼ˡ

ڶһʮ ƾƮɢһ

ܺѹѹһƬ޵׵ԨҲСֻĺʶԭﻹд½Ǳڴϣ
ͻȻſ촫ȼһƬϣĻ磬һˣһǵġҳ۾ֻ÷ĴǱͭǽľŴ򿪵
ΪûеƻҵЩҹä˭ҲֻøO@ĽŲƵʣйˣŮӵĽŲʼû
һƬƻ˽ұܵı۾ֻŲȴԽ٣Ůӿ絽ǰҽеӣôˣҪס
ҳ۾¶һȹҪѿЦݣ£ˡ
µѾЩ࣬ˮֻǲͣ˵Ҫסˣܿˡ˰Ͻҽƣ
һΪѵĻص¹ùã乬ҽֵط
乬Σµ˲ϬȥŪ˵̫ľͿǲԼȨȥ
ּˣҲͷӦͣȻԸȥ̫ҽԺһŪ
·ңЩ֭ȻҷΪŸ첲Ȧֺӣ⼸ί˰ɣ˳ȥ֪ͨǧܻعϧɳȥ̽Ӷڰ·ˡܣչ˲ӣӷĺˣСĺӶ˹⣬Σյġ
ǿͷ⼸һֱĵǷͿҪδˡе黹Ҫһǰǽӵ̫ŵϢ˵ʱͣĸϻؾһ·üͷûšҼұ뵽ͬƷ˵ġӦûô졭̫ѶͬѲ˸ϵ
ȻڹŴĹϷҲ߱ɱĸкֵԶõλڣɷԼЩͿֻšһ·ɫǲãӲҶ˭֪һ̤⹬ţеҸĭɢˡ
Ǹ̤빬ŵһ̣ȻԣͬƷ˵ꡰЩˡͻȻӿһǲΧסֻ˲䣬üѵҵĲϣ˵ͻȻϮҲס
ƵĳǽеǲҪ𣿾Ҷ̫ µɤӶҲûʱӰ߳һλ׷׺׵ˣһͬ׿һޣĵˣеүӳˡһ׿ɡ
׿ףȴǾȣüĿ͸һӢ°ӿνǾֻ˫ȭδ¹֮񣬿ɼĵλ˼ֻļ仰㽫Ҵƽ˵
÷ңͬһһ˵ɱ̫ͼð̫̫֮λնɱ
˵ĵȷȷ˱̫ɼðѵԼ˶ϴ𣿽Сﱾı𣿡ɫȻ࣬ұ̫ͬһӱ޻ɥȴΪ
Ͻû˿˲ǰǻ潫ƶյ ǱԻǲŻʧжϡ
ɫӲ׿֪˵ʲô𣿡
׿Ŀ㣬֪̫ǰҵľһһּܲϡ£̫İ˵ȻŮã
̾һ˾ͬڱƽһΪ˶û캦£ûΪһ֮˽Ԥں˷ˣΪνҪ槼һأʼģΪ֪һ߾ȫҵġڣұ˿η塣
ҲʲôּܲΪȨ֮ˣѵİŮӶ񲻳Ϊ˵ЦǽΪȫԳıңǻ߱ǲ̫Ҳһɱˣüˡ
̫Ϣŭּ̫ܲΥ治á̫ϵλ뽫նɱ˳̫ĵλǸûȨֹ׽ü׿ȴеϣ仰ĺ·˵ʹΪҶλҵ³Ҳ·һҪҡ̫ʾλµҪǲҪˣ
Щҵ磬ı鿪ʼЩɶҵ˲̮ĬҪҪ޿ɷϣ׿ɸղǾ仰µģ羲Ĭ˺ܾãȻ󿪿ڵô˵ǲ˺ģĸּ©ǲϸĺʵˣȽ̫Ѻ乬Ⱥ䡣
׿ɵĿȻһգЭ㲻ٶԣ˸кѺߡ·ʱϺɫ¶ǵ飬ҵһЦڰοҲڰοԼֻҪ֪ͺá
ұѺ乬̫ܹܰ˽ңҪСķжķ˻ɻŪ飬;б˵Ҫϸɺҷְ˽ĵǸǺܶ࣬Ϊͷ׿ĺôʳԡ֪׿ĥҵģֲŰҲʳõķ
ұĲΣȻʣӸûԵ¿ŲҰ׵ʱŻŵΪǲҪˡ
ӣҪסһȥġ°ο˵
ʲôʱңʵ
ұؽ乬ṳ̂˶϶Ǳϵ̫ؼյһˡȴһֱᶨţһҵġ
ӣ̣̫һġ±ܿҵ⡣
ǲǣûа취ˣʡ
ӣסˮľˡڳͬ׿òɿһԼİɱ׿ϧҲʧˡ׿˵׿ʲôʧҪӺСᣬŶ˴ɱͷ
Ǻǣ֪һǾġֻԾɲ÷ǵλǵ׵һУԶ߸߷
׿̫ˣǽ¿Ƶģ¸ûзĿռ䡣
˵Ҫôңҡҡͷȥ
ҡͷ˵ūҲ֪ūֻ֪׿һҪ֮ء

ڶһʮ  

£׿˽ΡΡҶ
ҷۣĻ𲻴һšҪģֻһʱһʱһˣԾ벻һȫİ취ܾȳ棬˵ѾĲˣżϻ
ҵĸǵиԼáͬĸĳޣҪĥ棿
Ҳ˻˵Һݶ߱ĸҵĸԭҲܸмҽ̵ˣ̫ӵλӡɺҲŷ֣ԭ׵ɸԷǼһɵģ֮ʱȻΪԼİȫ֪Ҳҵȥֵб
Һշתҵĸ߷̺ܾõѾߣңҵĸΪܲ˴ңȻ֮ԻûиĸĹ¶ȫΪǿѡҸʲô̫ʲôֻ뿪ĵͬҸĸһ
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û뵽ĸȻȻϣҲҪᡣҿʼ겻Ҳʧȥ棬һŮӣҷѾòײܵõģҲԾôʧȥͬģҲʧȥƬɽΪܵϵλ̫࣬ôܾ繰ˣ
ĸܻˣ׿ɴΪ֪׿ĵλҲȻŵŮ֪׿ɵΪˣҪ±һɣΣաʼΪֻҪ乬Ϳǵ£ȴ׿ɵִŵĺܣÿҪնɱķҡ
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˽ţҿ׿ŲֺۼᷳȻ⵱̫±ɹһʱҲǽޡ
Ͻõˣæۣ˽ţЦͬ˵ȻޣɱȴԾҪװһ̵ܽӡ
Ļǰܹ֮ԹΪأϳϻοĪ˵óһʱǵһ쳼ҲԸ⡣Ե˵
ỹҪ˵֮ǰЩɣҴĻϵĳ購̲ȥֱ⡣
ϳǰ£ǶԼѸߣԹѾûʲôôˡǵܹһλǳҲһϻ硣ñʮʱĺӣϣʮǻλԾ˵
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֪ѸߣġǴˣ֪ʲôҲûʲñֱӾֻܾǵ˳ϵλһ¡
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ҲⱲҪػˣôԾô뿪ңһҪôǺεȵĲ̣
ҽԼڷκ˵룬ҲҪҵеİ취ֱʱ˽£ˣ컹ȥ乬𣿡ҲŴҵˣȥ乬
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֮׿һֱûгֱ֣ʮĵϡͬϳɫۺǰ뵽ҽ£ݺ˵£ֻһˣѵľôòҪ𣿡
ұͻȻ龰һæǣϽǺο࣡
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λϳ޵ȥģҲĸȾˡ׿˵Ļ˵ĿҺγͳ£ǣǴ˿ܺ档
£ֻҪ㴩ܵõҪġǧ񶼻ᰮǧʿ¾УҪȫ£۲ΰĻ£쵼µĲѡҪˣôˣһŮ˶ѣֵİĸԸΪĪҪΪǰĲĽ
ҹǰҳѾˣĲ֪ӦǺˡ׿׽סҵ֣ӲĽǰҵְϣȻ꣡

ڶٶʮ ƾƮɢ

֪˶೤ʱ䣬Ҵ˯ڣִӻ谵˯¼ϼվͻңͬ˵ŬôܾҳȥֻոһȥȻûаܳȥļҵҲ
ڱؽ乬ЩεСʱЩ飬ͼھɽׯڵҵͯ껹ǱȳҪҸ࣬ûĸף۰͸ǵǿԽȱʧĲֲȫ
һֱ룬ԶСʱǸöð겻֪ζ簮ߣҲƴӣһССͯƺԶģûκ
ҲԼһֽңÿҹ˾֮ʱȴܸоϢƵġҲĵ׳ЦԼ棬㻹ûз𣿶ѾôˣҪ˵ȥһûУ㻹ʲô
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Ұڰ֣ʾÿרźҵ֣ͬ˲ͬҲġǰңȻ˵˵߶Ϣĺá
ЦЦЦݿֻԼʶ޷ߣҲЩֻǽʲôˣΪʲôô֣
ﹷūţС㣬Ǿǲȥӵ徻
Ǻ㳳֣ҵֱ롣
ֵͷɫʮѿЩõͷʼٴοڵ֣㵫˵޷⹬ʲôǣңǡͻȻһ֣⼸칬Ϳʼģ˶æµţֻһܡǣ̫Ҫǻˡʲôʱ£
ڽ죬ӡּҪ˵ЩʲôҴˣֻǰڰ֣˵ʲô˵ˣˣҪطȥˡ
ʲôҲ˵㽫ҷط䡣ȥԼһ˴һᡣͻȻĵ׿һδйȫӿĵסͳؿڹŵġ׷͡šиĬĬţҪˣҪˡ
ҿĮ񣬵ܲ˱ڵңݷһҵ綼Ҫ绹˭Ҳ벻ҿʼǣһ춼벻ʲô취
ڵʱ򣬹ΪңӣԷˡ
ãȻһȴյİָڵءǰҼָͻȻɫ¶ȣ˫۷â̧ͷʵŮ壬һŮˣһǼٵġӿŮˣ
ұʵס˵ͷԴȻ
ū澺ΨһˡƷ밲ԭǺĺˣҵͷʾȻȴڵ˵ӣū뵽ȥˣūһ߾ȫӾȳ⣡
ֺγԣ
ūǺˣһ֪ū屻飬Ҳһ֪廥̲飬ʵ֮Ի̲ԭģΪǶҪõָڵܡ˵
ָܲѾ⿪𣿡ҿʵָűأⱦѾҺҵ˻ؾ˲𣿡
Ȼָд򿪱صĻأȻػŮʥŮȴָ֪ﻹܡʲôܣû֪ԴҶҪõָȻŮȴͬ͸¶ָǿôԽʱյġ
Խʱգסˡ
ǵģָȻĥɣഫʱʣµʯдԽʱյֻҪԲ֮ҹָ׼Դʱջ
ĻħһȥͻȻǰ洩ԽҲԲ֮ҹڵµһ̣ǰһİָͻȻʱĹҫڰָϣ˴۵ĹâȻұʧȥ˼䡣ĪָдԽʱյ
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뿪ãȻ뿪ˣȥأشѾûҵ֮ˣҪô뿪οҵŮҲߡ
ӣֹǰЩǧĪҪ룬ɽڲûգ˵ָȿԴʱգгһӻǿԻģū㱻̵һҪȫػŮˣūְģСڶܰȫ¹ù˵Ѿ֪ͨͻʿɺǰСӲҪٵˣ
ҵͷǰָĵЩ֪롣ҪҪʱ𣿼صڣһӵʲôأߵĻǻġȻϵλ϶ͷָ̨տɴˡֻе
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ӣڸأͿҪʱˣ׼ʱ˿ɾͲˡ˵ţæҽָҵģָҵһٹͷ
֣ȥٿһۡҿڵ
ӣ˵ʲô軰أҹζ࣬ĪҪ֦ˡ˵꣬ͷİָʼҫ۵Ĺâǹâҫ乬Ǳһͨ͸
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ӲҪɵˣѾǻʵˣϻλһ±ҪּĻλһôأżµ
֪Ҷֻ֪ټһֻۣһۡ
âԽԽƺҵʧܿɳԵ۾ҲˡֻԶļ𣺡ϼݵ

ڶٶʮһ ƾƮɢ

ԼԼĳִųƮֻԽԽңϾҪˡ
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뿪¹һ˶Ժ˻ŵƻԽԽҵĲҲõṦҲһеı乬ڣҪһʱ
ұ˺ܶĻҪҪǲǲҪˣǲǱԣǲΪ˵ϻλԸҵҲ⼸ôģûңû߻᲻᲻ϰߣǷõ׵
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ҾЦЦԼԼαʲʲôأѾ˲ԣ˶ҵİѵҪҼȥ𣿡
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ҵ۾Ҳʼʪˣʲô˳۽˳ﰲһֻãھȡůϳ롣
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ĬĬĵͷǰѺң³Ľ˦ںţǷŹףǷŹס
䣬䣡ҪҵĺӣǱ˺ҴĽţˮģҵߣֱ罫§ڻڣȴƴ
ǽѺԽԽԶҿʹѿ磬һ׷˳ں治ͣĺţףסҪ䣬Ҫ䡭
ͷȹѾ紵ˣϵˮҲ˻ں׷ţƴĺţףס
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ڶٶʮ ƾƮɢģ

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ڶٶʮ ƾƮɢ壩

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ŮٲϷͽںǰһɱ׿ɸȵɱԯһɱ磬Ȼ㣡һ»Ȫ·Ҳį

ڶٶʮ ƾƮɢ

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׿ɵһΧͳͳ˹ļͷǡ
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׿ɴУΪ˵ܾϷӻʹְģϷ֪ܲ˭˵ƭϷϷûϵͷԲ壡
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ƷСȨֹǣǿͷ
ʹðСȨе
Ѳǵ̫ˣǵĻʺ󡣡ҿЦվ֮Ϊֻ˵ԵձػὫ˶鱨λ
ɣĪҪɱˡԶǵĻʺ󣡡СȨæ
ҿԯʿ̫ӶˣԤϣѾ˻̫ҽͻڽӦͻʿɺӦȫس²ˡֻｫҪǰɷ֪£±µġ
Ҳ֪һȥߵİɡǻȥҪúչ˱£Ҫغչ١ԵǾͻټ
ûʲôҪ˵𣿡
룬ֿڵ˵һ߱ϱһԱʳһѰ֣һصҡ֪Ҳеطҵġֻشϱûиˡ

ڶٶʮ 壨һ

ʮ壬ʷϵһʵھǻʷ۶Ȩͬ죬䷢޸ڻ괦նɱʷơҡƾܺ绽ǲ֮ززϴӴѶ
ػΰ־һͳһԭõһʱأµģƱǻʮ꣬۱㽫̤ͻʡ˵ҵ쵼֮ʱڴĽϱóƺţͬѹʵĴ粢ԭĴӡɱʱսȴֳ໥ԲĳС
ССүҲսϵۣȴ۵ǻ֮ʱӰ˵Ǳһͬմˡϻʵû˶ӣҲսã类˹˳ǳء
˵ͻʿɺ۰ӱĹҲŮӡκջˮд˵繫ȥףʵӦϡɺҲΪͼεģȢⷿϱ֮ղķϹ£ʲôҩͼҪϡͻʱǿʢǱ繥ݡʮ꣬ǽԭͳһΪеһλͳһµӢ
ã˷һƬ֮ǮҵҲǶ졣
ĬһһŲˮ
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ѽëʲôҰʷ֮˵Щɱɱ飬˭ȤΧ˸š
ëϣ٣ǻЩҰ·ӣҰëŻݴͣǽҵĶϡ
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ǸĴ̳ӣӿεġΪ˶ԸУìͷֱָ˭֪ȴͻ˱ˣ̫˴Ů°ٵҶ̫֮ԱɱͷʵܲͷôñӰɣ
΢΢˼ߵվڹ̨ĵԣ˵ԺĪҪаëڲ˵ˡ
ҵͷЩϣԾʮ˧Ҳ긾Ůɱˡڴƻǲ̫á
ΪҰڰ֣᲻ģˣõûûأ
ǸӡʮˣһתļûС̾
Ҫģȥɹɹ̫һָġ
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ѾȥʮˣԴǻ֮ұҲûлصȥʱԯ綼˵ĺأеļǴž綾ԯ书ΪձסɹȴҲɢȥһ롣ԯȴǿģԴƷңߺҴδ˿Ĺ˵ǷҵĶ黹ˣҪ԰Ұס
ұĳѸеģȴֹܲۡûи书ûе綾ƣΣʱ̶æûŪͻ㽹ͷöΪ֮ʱԹҩ˶أֶؽڵҪɢ˼ܡ
գҿʱѾһˡ˵ͨһ㣬ֲִˡֲֻҪõĺܶ࣬ʱ۾ʱָ֪үӸⶼֻķӦ˵ǸҲ˵ʲôʱѣֻǿάסܲܿͿ컯ˡ
ǣҴǱˣ˹һҵ³Ĳ÷򿪲ݵĵһ𣬸ʧˣڲ÷ҾͶ׵ĿŮʸƣԼ̱ķɣΪԼ綼ЩССݣҲû˷ǵʵݡ
أأС˻ԡСҴӲ÷ͷ˵Ĺ¶ͱҪС꣬ÿÿˮĴ۾Ҿ뵽䣬ͷɵһʮȥˣӦʮ˰ɣҵ䣬Ŀɻã
ëҲǵ⣬˵ţ˵¼ҵ̫ӺǸ䣬ϵһԯһӢǧأҲǶصġ
һµŮͻȻУƾʲôôԯŮ毺ãεʢһ㡣ʤѩ
һͬµŮæǰֹСãĪҪ嶯
ҾǼڴ˺˵ƻԯСﻹԯķ˿ءԯĺж˭
ԯһôϤְöûˣڻ
Сҿᣬ֪ԯʱķʷأԯһӢЩͿҲпܵİëڽƱš
㡭ҷҪƤɣСŮ嶯ҪνĽǰס
˶ˣëë㻹ĪҪ˵ˡ˵ʱ䵽ˣؼȥɣҪڴ˸Ƿǡ
һʾ˵ģΨڹ¥ʱ˷Ϊĸҹ桱ëȻηĸҹһ˾Ͷ˵Ĳ·ԸϽ˲ǣЦŵɣɩĪ뵱ҲǴԭǨģӦҲ˵ӺĴӵĶԹɣӦҲԯ͵Ĺ°ɣǲô˵ģ
㻹˵ӣøˣϾҪǰȥҽһҪѵѵ㣡
ҺĽϽסëˣãû뵽ȥôˣ绹ǲݣҵҲûвȥ
СĪҪҲǳڷԵģǽ·С꣬СĿˣĲˮҾͲǮˣλⲻǺ𣿡
ϰлл㰡Ǻĳ½㿪ʼлǽڴסºˡ
梣Ҫڴʦһ׷ǵģҪǱ׽ȥɾͲ˰޲ǵ˵
ҹסɣҿʦûô׷ǡȣ˵Ҫ͵͵ܵ㣬˵µҲ㣡ʦ׽ȥܵģ
ҿŰûƤЦ̹ˣȻһ־Υĸоļ䣬ʲôأ

ڶٶʮ 壨

ڵݺ˸ջϲ־ܴӳˮ֪顣³Ǹڲ˹ĸС紾ӣͬԭͬǣҵǷ˼洦ɼ鱦̡
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絹ǽܺãн֮һҲ㰲ȣǱʵүͲֲֵˣֻѩ̺ԴҪˡ˵ţʼ翴һϱǳͷӣЦҲʡһ΢紵ķڶ͵˲ƴһɻ㡣
ԾĴΪβҩģ˶˵Ҫɣʵһֱҽҩİɣһܿģ
Ƶϣûκ죬һľżһ
˵罫ԭ׵ˣǵ֮ǰ˵гһսͳһհҵж»λͬһ԰ݸһЦ磬ǲҲЦҰôôɵ˵õ»뿪أôȴǱ˻ŶҲеͷǣ
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ϰҾú֣ҿķǶҹȴַַ˯Щס
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ͬΪѰ˶ΪŲ¹ȥԲ򡣿ȥǱģõĸԳ嶯СΪһ˳ضЩ鷳ҲŸġ˵š
ͬãһɣһֱഺ٣ҲǺõġֻǲ֪ҪҵľǺˣҵҪЩʲôֻҴԭƾҲʮˣҪҵҲ˵
˵ҲɣҲʮûˡ˵ϰҲԭˣϰĿƺҲʿ֪ϰ֮ǰסأ
ͻҺҸھЩСóȴûгɹ򡣡 һ紵ҵ鷢£Ľ۵󡣰½㵹һ˫ħһ㣬ֻǴĲĳǲ𾪷ͬѰ
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ҵĿʼս𾪵ӵҵϡϽ°壬ĵҲĽ˹ȻǶ͸ҵһ빴񡣻ǵõҽͻʱһΪֱ𽻸Ȼ
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һҹҼĺܾò˯šڶһ磬̤µ·̣ҲûдߵΪʹ֪ҲܺϣͽŶ
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ʮʱ޿̲ڵԼŮԽĳ㣬Ѿ㡣ֻҪֻҪȵƿ£û˹ǣһὫӵҵߣһ˵žۣһ
ߵʱ򣬷ǳ죬ͬһ˵ο϶ҵסҿôģܡһֱڶңûн¶ҵݣҲֻΪβϺϡΣҺܸмôһֱչ䡣
ҵŮ䣬ɰȴֱ˳軵ˣǳ嶯ЩһûٳԿͷҺô侲һһֱ䣬ûгʲôӡ
ߺĵ죬紫ɸ봫飬˵粻սǸոͻһξ

ڶٶʮ ֦

뿪ּ֮ʼҵϰÿŰë֯ŹĹ£ͺЩ鲻ǷԼϵһ
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ÿҹ˯ֿ֮ʼ˵Ļ˵ҪˡȻܴ󣬲֪羿ȥҵȴȼССڴҲɳЩϸ̽ҵ˵ε⽻ʣǳҶġ
ǳЦԼ˷ḻ棬Ϊʲôˣ̫ƽĺݣµϣ绹ĵΪ㱣Ƭֻλ
ֻǽŶҲûдϢ˼ǣҪΪү絽ݷãΪȻޣҲ¶ҵټ
򶼿ʼæΪĹԱᵽҸȥݷãȻûȷĵ׻ȥǶԼļַǷɰ̬׼ӭԶ˵ĵǣ÷Ϊ³ĴҲû⡣
ɣˣ̣ôӣҪԭĿˣôʧ񰡣Ӵʹÿ춼ѭ飬˵йصĿ˵÷ҪǼҿջϰ嶼ԼĿջ粼õƯЩ
ȻûаǵĻϣ̫ҡĽĹԱ¶٣ǿҪ´ˣԲãȥᡣɽӴʹȴǸҶŸɣ˵ǵĲԼɫģĺƷǲһķƼǲӴվġ
ˣҲˣǵС٣ұͼªĺܣôܳеôȥұҰɡ
ôУĲͿջûʲôɫǿ÷洦Ҹʣ֪õĲǡһ硯˻ΪǹⲻǴõĵطﰡƲ˵
ʵûʲôǮðˣ˲ҲǲǣǵǰǮϰңָûʶô氡Ұ־ܾ
ԭǳǮ㲻˵ЦĸӲãһǮң㿴ǽӴ˾Эסվ̵ġЩǮ㹻ǰ粼õһˣţ
⡭ˣʹðôôôİæܾš
ɷ˵ĽеɣɩӣͱҿˣƽûĲ׳԰׺ȣ㶼ûͬҼƽҪǮΪЩ»׾ٵģ˺ˣʲô˵ˣİѹźĺˣһʹ͵ģʱǡ˯ӡиǮˣ
˵ƽ˻£û뵽ĺȴ鷳֪ͶһңסĵϰҲˡ
ͬ˵һѵʲô֮֮ͷȻֱǸǻοĻֻ̾һΣ˼ˣҲûʲôɶġ
ʮ֮Ǵ˵еĹ˲÷ֵģڽ̧ţӦǸ٣Ϊ̧ӵ˴Ķǽۡӵסһ,ֻɿŻɫ.ĶӸڽһԣǶ껪òĺ㣬üƺЩӢаԵϡ
ӭʹ߹١Ƕͷ˵š³иϰףʱҪ񣬶ԷԽĽǶԽΪ˱ʾԿ˵أÿ˼ǾʮȴԭͬӲˡ
ǰ˺ܾãԷҲûдֻգɹòͣҵ¿ֻ࣬ϵܲ˺ҺĽʪ׳ơҵõݲϣҵǱ֮ǰԭʱνɽկˡ
ҵĵʱǹ͵ĶӿˣǶɣҸ˵ҶԼˣô񡣡
Լ˻ҪôãСһԾ죬졣
˵ʲô͵ĶͻȻüɨǷ̴ܴĵһ㣬ȴ΢΢Щʶ
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ұ߰壬ͬ˵˽췢飬Щҽŵʵ磬Ҫ𣿡ɽȴûκζҺʧֻù뿪
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ôҪȥﰡ
ϰĵĺóԵĽҺҸ׶ܰԣһЩԭЩС⣬㿴𣿡еͻȻúᡣ
С⣿ҵĵĻţֻǽĴԭҪǱ˳ͬġ͡һζǿǺáǲ˼ͣС⣬ֲֻʳܴṩǹϲԾƷҪȥԭôԶСһûǸ
Ŷ˷Ҫչһءº͵ЦЦֻһŮϸӣ˵㻹и̱ɷЩһúܲװɣ˵ʮ׽ܶûҳһ㡣
ӦɡͻȻ֪ôشЩҿȷʵԣҪչ˸ףչŮҪẕ́硣˺ܶû£һæ۵ļԸԷȴø̤ʵδйİ
Цſ˵żҲв⣬޳ǡ
ڶһ磬ȥ緿ι緹ʱȴտյֻеĹζһƮ
棺ᡣʮչˣҺǸм֮䣬ѻǷҲ÷ˣȥѰԼҸɡδǣ֡
磡һ󼤶緭ľӿȡ׷ȥȴһɫӱվһ£ǱӰϤȴ液ֹ
תЦ绨ǺĵЦȴʢĻ䣬ޱȡͬ˵棬þò
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ڶٶʮ  ֦һ

ʣϽһҲˣƹͬʻ㱨ս
ƣĳӣĸΰĵ壬ʮҵʱ䣬ͻʣͳһԭֽĿƾƶȣΨף䲼˰̵ȶߣʹԭǰʢ
ãڽԭͳһˡϣޱ飬һжôɲ⡣ǶʲôµϢ𣿡
ʣǵ̽ӳɹĻǵУȡһϢˣĿǰֻ֪Ϣһͷ³
³֣ɫʼЩ⡣Щֻƻ㱨ǷлʺϢʱ򣬲ŻЩͨһı顣ʱǰʮࡣϵǻԺ󣬲ûʺ󣬶ǷǸѹʡ̫Ϊʺ
ʺ󲢲Ƶĸףĸ֮׵׿ǰЩȥˡֱȥĸʶûΪᡣ֪ĸֻ֮ͬΪԭĸȴԸ֣ʵȴʼֻһŮˡ
ƵĸȻǼʸģƽĶۣҲ㲻ûΪ˭ĸܻӭȥŮˣˣҲһĸ󣬲Υġ
ĸϿĸȴʮֺͰᡣÿÿһˣﶼʮĽĸǶҪƴӣĸȴǰͬ׽һЩᱻĸ˵ˡ
֪ĸǷǳѹģǼ˵Ҫĸʱ򣬸źܶûгԷȻҲֻлڲ֪Ǹ沢ûбʧˣӴѶЩûз׷ѰĸϢ˺ܶȥ飬հѽ㶼˰ʷүϡ
ⰢʷǱͻʵĿɺͻʱ£뿴Ϳ̿Ͷ˸үʵⰢʷͬڼһԨԴȣǻϴСһͬĽݶ磬ƻҪһʲѩ̹ĵɷҪһɡ֮ʵҲһˡ
ʵ˼ǣǰʷпܻĸ˽ϵ˰һһѩ̹ĸȴֻǸɫ廨ͷܶųϢ̽޹ȻһЩ鱨ˡ
ƣһ˵Ļʵ۽ЯͬʹڣȥݷáͻȻ˵
ǡƹĻشһ
˵
˵Ϣ˵չͬҳˡƽ˵С֪ǸеıһͷҲ˺
ֳߣǲʡİλŮԽԽˣȴ簮
ʣ˼ܣţӦǲʲôӵġֻߵģǵõϢ֪ĸԲš
ߣ˭йܰСӲҪΪҲ֪Ǵʲô⣡ţͬ࣬ǸˣӵȻ֪⣬ȴ£Ҳʶ֮ˣһİΣҲ㡣ôֻˡ
亹ֱϢȻй¶ȥģκκǻϵǻǰĵκ֮ӣϧǼʷұ䣬ǵĸͬĸǺѣԱ㽫иڻտ
˼ĺܣСͬ鲻̽Ϣ͵͵дŸġ
²㣡ҡͷ̾ţ棬ûУûкúý㿴ǳ嶯çһ
ƴǶ֮󣬱㿪ʼֹһ۷׷ף˵ϣ¾̫ӡǶôִȨֻ˵ۺ󹬣еҲֻһˡңµĽɽҲô˰װ̣
һֱû̫ӵ˼Ʒʾĸıǹգ¶Ůԭ봫λ䣬Щ䲻ڹһ˻ʸı⣬δĵҲ˵˭λ˭͵Ȣӡ
кܶഫţ˵䲢ʺĸģǼġôԼȢҲףƱСʱͦϲģֿɵõ£һ˫񣿴⣬ƱѰĸ֮󣬾񸸻ס
۵ݷÿν˺ܶʹȥݷԼȴ³Ϊǵֻܲ鵽³ԻҪϸ̽ҵĲ֮ΣѶһҪҵ
˵³ϲȽϷкܶԭʿƾӵǶĳӱȵ·һ룬ȴͣǰȥһ̽ǰѯӣ֪ǱµŮӵ·
λŮ֪ҪǵȥϸϸŮӵĳ࣬ߵŮ˳üĿҲΪţұߵŮò毺ãһ˫ۺⰵӰ쵰ε׾͸ֻһ۱㱻סˡ
ǰɽûҿԭˣƵаɡұߵŮӿˣӲȴˡ
λӣ˵ʵǰȷɽû°һӡͬϻ͵͵ɽȳӣǴĶ࣬Ǵһᱻɽϴٵģޣʱ϶Ǳλģλ·ɡ
ԭ·ƽŮȤ򸸻ʵ飬ҪʵУԼͬλŮһȥɽϾˡֻһҹҲ˶г̣˵ҲҪסϢģȥǰϢԼȥˡ
ΪλߣŮˣֻ񶼱°һ㣬ЦŴǵͬһɽˡ
ƯһͣĿĽëǺɫӣǾһɣ˶Ӧ
ҡһƻͷһ￩һ˺ϷҪˣǰÿÿ¹ȥǶ֮ʱҪһ빦͵ģǸʵĶӣȴʮ˸ү˵ĸϵĸɶӡ
Ҽҹ׿Ҷǹӵӣүλ˵ġһ˫۾ĮȻ񾲵ϲһ˿顣ûǷ½ҩ󣬳˵ǡ

ڶٶʮ  ֦

ҹʱ֣ɽڵ׹ĪҪż԰ꡣԴ֮䲻֪ʵݣȴ۵òסʶ˸˵հף߽
ܲǸӣʲôҲ˵ֻ˵ڲ£ڸӰˣѾͷŶ󰡣ȺɽӲҪȥͯϱ⻹ˣµ
ĪҶҲǸ侲ˣһȥо취ȥˡοˣ
һؽպһȾ˰㵭ȻȻԾӣɿķװУɾӦòͣ˼ֺøУӿʲôջ񣿡
ү²ɽȷһСŮ˵ɽկĲֿڣ䲻࣬ɸոǿҪӲҲǰ취ǵͷûЩʵģùݣû˸˲
ǿǺã伱ͻȻǰһˣǿǿڳŻ𣬷ɢǵעȻٻȥˣ֪ˣ
̧ͷ䣬ŮȻЩ嶯ȴǹˡ뵽õķ͵һЦ˼á侹ǱôһЦߺһԵƺǳζȻˣǾ͸Ͻжɣ
͵͵ɽƵĹʮַ֣ڼͷ֮ϣ׼ص¯˹ȥֻᡱһ¯ȫʱ̻һȺආߺžȻȫųȥ
ǺǰסɽǴ裬ǵװݸִɽǵ·ԼϣСĵĽɽկĺ棬ɹҵ˱ѺС
ɳɽկʱȴɱɽ֣̽Сﻤ£ɽæžȻӭɽǺܶ࣬ΪҪסСʮֳǼƲ̫ͳһⵯȥ֮ʣ˳ûѡ
һ·ɽĸ˵ŶѾҲٺС֮ǷϵĶǵлҶӣǶæ
ƸְΪβóҪȵʱ̲ã
Ծһӣֻǵ˵ⵯֻһֻڹؼʱá
俴˿ɫͬƺ˵յ£ͬ梶ܸмλİæǻбҪʹ˸ɡǰ治Զи÷ϵϰĵʮֿɿڣλȥೢ
ģʲôĵģͻȻ񼡣ʧ֮ЩصĸҲ֮ʧˡСǲʳǱʱѾʮˣġֲɵͷһš
ЩԭûеģصģҲ˵ʲôաŻ
աǵͷһĪǡ
׹кǣǰҲáż졣
ˣԼ˽£Լˡ˵꣬ˣûȴּعͷƺ˵ͬλһˣȷʵһľҺ梾Ͷλѡ
䣬ǵݡһԵ㡣
梣û£ҿǵҲͨˣ£ؼƽˡͬ˵꣬ͬƺ˵ºǶ˵µĵӣǵֽ˪䡢˪ǽлᣬλȥ͡˪˪źʦ͵š
˵Ǻͬ
¶Цݣ˫ֱȭˡǺ˫˫ʼϼƣ˪䣬˪ĪǱǳ˵ֻĸ䣬ĸأԭҲǲСģڹڶ˶ǻ䣬ǵ˷˵˸ʦõŰɣƾǣȷǵݣ˳Աǣȴֹ
ӵ£ȥλɡ
˵ʲôȻǲȴ֪ô˵һ⡣Щжô谮ǣȫĿãǵĻǺͲŻҲõ˴ҵϿɡֻԱ°˻˭ǵôԹص
ӵ£ղ乫ԣǲ÷ĵģӦǳԻʺ֮֡
棿ƺ𾪣ԭʹҲûҵĸģֻǱһԵ̬ȣû뵽ȴ䣬ĸϢԵֻ԰
Ƶ¾ǼǵİȫԼҪϢ߸ʣͬһһ𵽴÷򡣲ҲЩǵ˵ƾǸȷʺݣ᲻̫ȡɣ
յϣڽסڽ⣬ϰӣĸ󣬿ɸ˵ĸѧݣԺ˵˱㲻ĸ
嵹ǲ۸ӽһУͻȻһӣȻѸߣͷҲʼףͦʮֱ˫ҲʮһӼĸװǽʮĸװǸףô
̷Ըƣڴ˵ס¡Ҳ˸ʵ˼׵ȥʱʡӿ˺ܾãǻʸүʮǰӪģŮ̱ķǰͶּ˸Ѿͷ
ţ̱ķ￪ʼ㣬껨Ūȷ˵Ҳһֱѣ;浽һܲˣȫãһغôöĺúõģֻһܣˣƣȥȥ
ҹ֮󣬸壬˵˽й͵õ飬һ˿ĵĺܣ˭ֻ֪Ǽʧ߳ȥҡЩ죬ȥƱվ˳ǰϰҲЩϾСʱĸҲǼõġ
ϰĵĺóԵĽҺҸ׶ܰԣһЩԭЩС⣬㿴𣿡ƵͻȻúᡣ

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뷿ŴŵİһĻȣ˵̫ӣЩóԺúȵĵǰ
Ȼ㣡ϱǽʬһˣվˡ
ߣŮҪˡһԵλϣĺܣһɲӡɴʱȴȻӿȣɶŮˣȻԼ㵽ôԶҪüٰޣѵûпǹĸ
ĲˣԣһԼΥеԣҲΥԼ⣬ʧȥ˽ɽӵ£ǰҵĶʮֿ֣Ȼȴ֡
ӵк󹬼ǧȴΨû뻳ҪʲôֿɵãȴôҲҲټ۰ŮȻģȴκκӶҪ۰жİǷָأŮҲߣ˼ȴԼŮǺεȵľεȵĿա
γѾãѰӣǲɢ˺󹬣˵ľ͸Щ˼ңټޱһƷƷķˣ֮ĺֻҪһˡڻλҲˣĶҪȫ͸䣬ᾫѡ̳ĻλԴ˹ɽ֣Կɡ
Ѿᣬ뵽ټľͬʱǰ㣬С¹ײӿŲǰİϤĶȴ𾪵þò˵ͷ۵ɢȻЦݣҲֻܽ˫Իֻ԰Ρ
Ӵ̽ϢȻ˵˷򸾣ð𣬼ٰʲôԣáܡʦͽٲͬݿԼٰ磬ΪηҪ򸾣ƫƫҪһӣ˵ǵĺӡ
ʼʣʮԼӵζӵеһСǰˣͿʼð޲óȥƤĽǸ磬ʱ˿ȴĶûаη塣
Ҿ֪¡Ķ壬¶аȵЦݣʮˣЦݾ˹ƻĵ߶ǧĪЦٰĻˡŶҸýȻϾҳʱʶǸȻ¼ҵСүãҶ֣ҲʹôЩꡣ
ʲô˼岻ϵԼҪ侲Ҫ侲ǰֻþ취Լ˶ѣԼһҪ򾲣һʧȥˡ
ûʲô˼ֻ÷ȴΣһҲûȫİٴλص߰ɣ絭˵ûκθСʣ·ֻһͬԼûжϵ顣
ΣԶԶӵģ˿̶ϣһ͸⡣ֲ磬ֻü㻹һûаգҲװװʮꡣ
ߺߡͻȻЦЦȴЦˣһãȻʵЦʲô
Цʹʮ꣬ʹõ£ȴԾɸĲ̳ӵԸ񡣡ҡͷƽ侲թһû⣬˵ѨΪһߣǲκѨġ㲻ѵص߻ὫһµµΪĻ𣿡
Ҳ£ѾõˣϵȨҲõˣûʲôˡΨһѨǲͬһȹᶨϺɫɢĹâȴκʱҪ
۾תתֿڵ治ͬȥġʮǰΪΪ᱿ĻصߣЩҪһΡҡ𣿡
޾ٽֿģĻһ뾡취ȫҪҲһͬҪҵΪǷĲϵ£ҪȥұȥҾٷֿ
粻ˣȻΪ£Ŀֻۣ׺ɣʮȥˣ᲻֮ǰأ
ˣΪʲô㿪ڵҲ˵ң㲻Ǹӿɶǰͬĸ飬ҪȢŮΪޣôģҲġ
һôǰ±ἰȻҲǲܵġԼʱжôڶôգش˿Ȼء
¡µǣ֮İգԼԼģԴĻں֮顣ѡ
̧ͷŹâǣǵģҺԣ㲻Ҫٴˡ
˵ʲôǲ⣬籾Ǵͬݺݵı粵һýߡĶ԰ȴץͷ֪Ҫʲô
˵ͬסбԴ˵Ӧңٹ棬һúչұ̴ǰʧ
ʲôô㲻ǡЩ⧲㲻ʮΪô׾ͷ
Ϊ𣿡ҡͷһŮԶֻиһЩ꣬ҾÿҪʱԺֻпŵͬڻ¶ˮȵ׵Ļ֧šʼոҲʱ䡣յѡֻ㣬ңҪͬȹǸˣ㡣Ҳòϣˡ
˵ʮ꣬ʵʮꡣֻʮÿһ춼ͬҽһһУֱʱգȻŶĻ롣ңֻǹͬĻȥΪȫ㡣
ȻˣΪλҪЩ
˵ǡһˣһҪȫӵУֻҪҸ㹻ʣİûиȻ࣬ȴܷôɴ࣬һʲôģû֮ǰĬĬػˣұ֮ءͬףֻҪҸӡ
ЦˣЦôȻͬǰĽ޺ЦݣȴһĪܡ
ãҴӦ㡣ֻȻҪߣԶҪٳˡ
¶һаЦݣʶ飺棺ᡣʮչˣҺǸм֮䣬ѻǷҲ÷ˣȥѰԼҸɡδǣ֡
ֻ˼˲ŶʹĻų˱˴˵ķдЩֵһ̣ͻȻֳĸ֡ǡ
ڶһ磬淢֮׷ȥֻһɫӱվһ£ǱӰϤȴ液ֹ
תЦ绨ǺĵЦȴʢĻ䣬ޱȡͬ˵棬þò
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