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ڸ߿⣬þ㿼һǴ´ġԣΪһԼԼйһôѹ֣ͺͼõĽһ̤˽ε·
û뵽⼸Ů˾ȻԼѸԵҲˡ
ܽۿǰ죬ԼҲȷû˵ǴŮľۻᣬҲֻûϵǣȻ￴ڰһ
ڰܽڸУݣÿΧתŮһšȻϽԺãûаĸŮĶӸ󣬵йǧٹ֣ǵء
ܽһֱȽϱӡ
ܽİһܴôţߣҲѲ˸ϵģÿôŮΧһΪñŮ˴˵ᡣ
û˼ͲҪöԷᣬȻǾΣ
ܽڰһҪԭ򡣲˵бԭǾڰ֣
ô֣ʮǰĲȻʮһ͵ʱˡ֣Զˡ
ڰòȻŮͼУܽǸǻҪжģ
ܽڰܶԶͶԶܲ򽻵Ͳ򽻵
˭֪ȻƫƫŮ˶лʹߣԼǳ˳µڰһɽ·ҲߣŴȥˣ
Ϊܽĳʮ֮ͨȫַ˶һҲע֣ڸе͵ӿҲ֪ĵزֵܽų̶ȫȣܽȴ֮¡һϣƽ͵ƽԼˡ
ʱԼҲе˼飬ʮô˵ͷ
ĽǡĸĸƽˣȴһԸܺãƽˮķޡ
Ҳʹֻ³ɳܽеƽƽ档ҫ۵ʺ
ܽȻԹâڰΪУһմƻԼȵĿļҪˣڸǱΨһһûڰŵŮ
ܽҸûкڰйκεĽ԰еһСƬȴû뵽ʱ˽
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ϵչ
֪ܽԼպϡ
Сǧѽֻһ¾Ͳˣֱֻ۾أ
Ǹš
ܽСһ˭ѽȷϳðɣ
ϸ˿ɾԼ긾ŮǸ֮İɡţӣһҲʲôԼȻʱҲʷ֪ʶǶÿķκͷΣǻһ֪
챧ҿ
ոհܽãһȥеȴɤܽ𡪡Լˣ
긾ŮϽܽ˹ȥܽϱһ˫Сɣȴůöֱ˻
ܽɴ˫ۿȥӳһɷӣ
ܽһ˵ɸ׾ߣһòôҲǸ˹ְɣԼ̳ѪҲȥˡ
ڹŴɲִòûøѧֲŴŮ޲űǵµģΪƽɹһܽɲΪòΪ̫зױѿ㲻ͳˣ
ҪǣܰԼؿɫ
ǸŮĸ۳ؿֽܽ⿪½󣬰ѡܽһ߻ʡѽ
ܽʵǿŮڴ񣬾еʢȴΪѵ˼ڣһԴζ֭ܽĿС
ֻʱܽ۵һ죬һɤڶ𡪡ضô
Ůĸ׵嶯˶ҡͷɣûʲôҺܺá
ܽеиӰˣȻĸ׵ֶˡŮĸ˻ɡ
뵽˺пԼĸףܽɿе̧֭ͷȥһŨü۵ĹˣȻ˵˧ҲǸˡȻ޳׾ߣòŮˣȻɷǸĲӣǸͬũһĴˣ
磬˵ǵĵһӣǸʲôã
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ţˣжͽ²Ůͽһ֣ܽϣܺһƯ
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ܽ
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չĸ׻硣׽ĸضŮйܽպиܵܵĻͽй²⣬⣬ⲻô
ԣܽȻ϶ѾˣҪʱ
ܽ׵һհף׹ʲôʱ߳뿪Ķ֪Ψһ뵽ģԼѾŮĴܽ
һֻܽеһᣬʲô˽˹ȥ׵ϡ
ܽһϾͽϾͱ˽סٴ׵ϣٶȽס˼Σܽƽʲôڣǹͻص⣬˭ܵطҰ
֪ܺ޹˼ɰԼµ˭
ѾΪȡˣܽúӦأ
ڴЦص
һԾܽĶ𣺡ܽüüȻܽأǸƯӣ
ܽﰵ̾һȻԼĺôúѽĺӣжÿһͰ͵ӣܷüۿڱǾͲˣʲôܽأ˵ԼµģȻǻҩʦˣ
ȻպĹΪȡ֣ҩʦ㣬ţĳֶӡԼǳһˡûԼйһȻˣ
ܽȫԼˡҲգ֮֮ԺҾǹܽˣ

 һ

ܽҲܽڻصϸĺǻ£ɹ˷ſֵ׶Σʮµʱ򣬾иŬڿվˡ
йվ֮󣬹ܽҲ㯣׺ͼᶨԼҪߵ·
һҪģһҪԭеĹܽҪúã
ΪصŮûˢӣû˳Ц˵ƶ˵ĳ˲٣밵ǵ˶ԸǣԸԼǿԵġԭеĹܽһֱĸúܺãԼɲԶڸĸߣҪһžͱ˽ɱԼҲ̫ܲܺԭܽһһ󲿷ʱ䶼ɣ
˵ΪɹʣҲףܰ书øЩֶΪأ
ԭܽǱݹˣҲú䣬Լǲͬż裬ľģ
ܽʱûʲô뷨Ǹ˧˧磬Ҳû˼СŮˡˣܽôðǰܽһЩȵӡ
ӣԼԴҲδػᰮԼǸˣҪȢܽⲻ˻˿࣬˵ʲôģ˵Ϊ˱ȢĹܽҲΪģ
Ү뿼ǡΪǿؤܽɲ뵱ʲôؤķˡɲţҮΪ˰µһİΪһˣɹĶӣȢһӢ۵Ůʲôͼһӳˣ
Ҫ֪ҮʮҲֻѧʮƣҪһĿɣԹƶ˵ıԣʮʱ䣬һ괫ҲˣѵҮʣȲϹ
Ҫǣܽһ뵽ԼĺպҪҮɣ̲סһ񺮣
Ȼûʲôӣһ뵽¥ҮūᱻгҰ¿ӣ¶˾ҪҮ뻮ߣ
Ү᲻ȢǲڹܽĿǷΧڣɹĶӣҲţ
ôԼĿʲôأ
ǰԼ뿼ôѧܵĻٿУȻҷݲ̫۵ĹҸԼֲϹһƽƽعӾС
ԼΪڶ컪ɽ۽ʤߵŮҪ͵һǲˡŮҪҷҲ̫ףԻǿĸţȻͶ֮ģҸطԼȥܽɲԭһŸĸѳǣΪһӶʮһĸǲɱģεɹŵǿԼ֮ͨܣҲѵһ֧޵µľӣɹŴͳһȫΣֻĳYYС˵п֣ܳ
ԣúõԼ䣬֮Լ
ϵ׷ʱҲˡھ׷һΪܽƽκεľ׷󣬿ԼȻԺգȻҲЩʲô׷ǡ
ͨµ˼ȥ֮󣬹ܽھԼҪߵ·ǾǡһмˮеŮͬǣЩĽǣȫȳ
Ȼֱӵķֹ˳ɻŷ壬Ϊһа˸֣ɱ
̫̣˵ҲƾаµˡԹܽվҪʱúõضԴȥọ̈̄ʵɼƻһȷĺˣžĴȥһծĿܣ
ڶΰļƻԼ󣬹ܽҲܿҸԲΡΡվˣ󣬾ȻͿˡ
ΪСͱιʳ鵤ҩĹܽҲûбͨ翪ܶ࣬ڻҩʦȫĿ˺źضһ䡰֮ͨ󣬻ظǰѸҩĵĵİˮСܽĶӡ
ܽǴûκηĽ׶Σ³ҲẬ˵ΪպܳɲİȻһ£ҩľͲȥ
ȻͣҩڹܽڻȻ󲿷ʱůĸоʱҲгȵܺ䵽ʱǾּ尾ˣ
ܽԭΪǸŵģͲָܶԻصʲôû뵽ʱͷѣ
ʲôôΪѺʲôǷֺӣ
׵һ仰ùܽ˿ຣ
ܽӽһ㱣úúúõģܰ࣬ί
ڶԣܽףԭĹܽôᱻǸӣ

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֣ڹܽԽа
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Ϊס˼ˣойֵӣһӣǼֱǱɱܡܽһ㣬ڶʮһ͵йҲһкܶϲסũ壬Ը
ԹܽϲȻ۾ǰѹܽӺúõĦ˸˫ֲڵͬƤһϼ֣ѹܽСεۡ
ؿĵֲۣ˼׼һɵʱϽ˹ԸˮϴԡȻһ÷
Ҳû˵ʲôܽóԻصеٵġ
˱Ͳֵֻ̣ԵʣԶѶԶԷǵĵסô£Ҳؿ࣬ڻأЩҲ˫ȥˡҲ
һ˼£뿪ˡ
ܽǵӣڹܽʱһ䡣
Ϊһ꣬ؿʼ̹ܽ䡣
Ȼҩʦһ˵ܽʲϺõϰϣǻΪĸףܻǻһֽҵ׻˵ȭ׳ҪСȻˣѾϰʮˣֻаķݡ
Ϊڹ̫ԱСûл֮
ԻڹܽһͿʼϰ䡣
ܽȷʲǺܺãһڹķúŬȴҲдŸоӵ
ܽѾϢϲһѱסܽ˫Ŀͨ죬
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ǻ˵һ仰
ȷÿҹһĺӣҲȷǿ˵㡣֪꣬ܽһ꣬һ㡣
ΪܽǴԽģ˵磬Ҳɶ£˿ܽҪͬĺҪܶࡣҲΪˣزŻôùܽϰ䡣
ԭĹܽ˵ǰ꿪ʼ䣬Ҳ¿ܲ˰ɣڵĹܽһȫµĹܽӲǴӿζĴдڹĻ
书ܹ̺ܽСӣ
ǹܽеĴƣȻܳԵ࣡
ǰǸ߿ǰļ£Ͳʲô
ڹܽһ꣬ؿʼʽ
ǰܽԺܺãԸ߿ʱѡĿƣĹܽҲ֪ǲ̫СԴԷļԲһȻһѧ֪ʶڣǹµ֪ʶ书һ࣬ͼǵòǺܺˡ
ܽҲ
һĺӣԵȷûз죬ȻǼǲסôණġЩдԽС˵ˣһСдѧʲôһѧͻᣬֻ˵YY޼ˣܲеĴԽʿ壬ǴԷͯɣ
ûаǰЩܽ;úˣ
룬ǵãɼ˼ڹԪ1227꣬Ҳ˵1227ġԼͨɵ׵ò֪Լڳɼ˼ģҲ˵Լǳ1231꣬С꣡
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磬ôչأ
ʷС˵С˵Ҳоɰ°2003棬磬 ĸ汾İ
ܽ˺ܾãҲûʲôվ˳ȻϾǲģԼҲûǸ˼ȥı䡣
ؽ̹ܽԭΪܽڰһڹķĵһˡ
һӢƣܽǼʽ㻨¡ʵһֻʽÿһÿһʽı仯˵ǲ治˻ҩʦ书
ڹܽգʵ꣩ʱһֱĻǣҵĺ߹ڳˡ
ܽڸĸϰӢƣȭ֣ǧѵڹܽһưһñڴֵС֦û֦Ҳʱ򣬹ź߹ˡ
ض㿴˭ˣдϲ
غ͹ܽѭȥֻһٵϽлӣظڹ
ʦ˼ôп
ҲĻϲӭȥ
߹ȴֻǶЦЦȻͿŹܽһ߻죬Źܽת˼Ȧ޵Ůӵĳ֪࣬ضһ
ܽݼʦ
ܽһʦУȷϽлݡûسһʦĽлӣ˺߹˭

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ʦ⼸궼ǣܽˣŵһμ
ȻѼŮҲϾֻǸʮͷŮ߹˼档
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ܽһϽлɲһѽȻû٣ŷ治ڵʱȥ˼ҵĲҵ
ֻЦȴ֪ʦδ϶Ĳҵ
ôɢЩŮӣȻһѻ£
ﰡ
ܽдޣ
ŷ뱲Ӳ֪ѹ˶챦˵иֶҩҩ书ؼȻͶ߹ˣ
һҲпϧˣһҲû
߹ˣЩʲôȥҲǺˣҿ书ӵܣȻЩӻͷۣ
ܽ̾˿ˣͲҵĶͲҪٿϧ˰ɣ
Ұοȴú߹ֵϻģû뵽϶ɩӣһǹ죬ȥ֮ʱòڣҸշˡҺĸˣСӷˣЩҲûáȴҵɳˣҶá
ܽ롪ǲСӣˣجģַŻķӼҵƴǹ£
ȴֻú߹书˵ãϰ˾澭˵򲻹Ҳûʲô캦£Ҳ۸¹Ѹ˵Ȧӣһ¾ͺ࣡
ܽզࡪŮ˿ȷʲôģܺͺ߹ôãĺܸ߰
ʦ˼Ҳֵùϲ
Цŵ
һлڣǲ˵ģֻһվ
߹һ۹̾˿ҰһкúŷСӻֺͦãΪͽϰˡҳûңһ·ܻԭ
ءŶһǺʺܺôϣҪ;źã
߹ǺʴӱճɾͲǶһԭʲô̫Σŷ棬Ҳһԭ书ߵһľ磬аˣҲԼķ緶ɱˡ
ĵŷвҵڰɽȻԭڶˣ˼ѧգ㱨æŷɩӺǺӵ
߹ŷɩջֲ֪ǺպΣҲûϣ
Ǻ߹ֻˣﻹ˵Щ
ܽһ˼룬ϵջպεĸ֣˰Ҳûջĸ˭պεģʱǸӵĸ֣ӦǺҺҲǱߵˣպεĺʮа˾ǺԭеĳӦòǸˣҲ̫ˡ
Ҳǰм£Ȼк߹ȥȻ³˼ζСˣѺ߹Եô񫡣
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߹ŰִۣܽС֣˵ʵʣҪ书Ǻˡˣڹһһ׽ѹƪ˵еЧá
̾˿ϧǷ޵Ĺ򣬶ʺ
߹ЦѾͷÿղ˸ҳԣǵҵ书Щܽ
Цҵһֱ⣬ûʽΪµӣҲҺҽԻʦЩĸСɣ
ܽƲƲ졪һڹķ쿪ʼڶˣһӢҲѧˣ⻹вҽ̣
߹룬ЩʺҲ࣬ЩǽģٽҲζһṦɣԼṦҲûóֳ仹СҲóһˡ
֪߹Ṧʵ˵ãŷֶһʱվҰŷ˴ɲǹƾ书˵ġ
æһ𣬲Źܽл
߹ҲǸˣ¾Ͱѿھ˳ùܽ£Ṧоһ֡
ܽ꣬˲٣ṦĿھҲ߰˱סˡ
߹̾ҿһӣֻһѾͷû뵽ȴǴױǳƪô̵ĿھҲҪô鷳ɵСӵҲò˶٣
üʦܽ꣡
߹Ҳ֪ʧԣæǰǰˣٴһֹ򣡡
ȻԹֵܽһŹϲҲ֪ܽȹȴǱȲϹġ
Ҳֻﰵ̾һ¶һҪúõذѹܽɲģ

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ȥܽһξ͵꣬ӣӦʮһ꣬ൽ꣬Ī½ׯѰˡ
⼸ܽڼһڹķѾ˵㣬ͻƵĲˡضԹܽο˵ʱһڹĲΣĹܽǱȵǿˣ
֪ܽسʱʮ꣬ȻԼ׷ĸ׵ʮڹҲ֪ԼϰԵʡĻأֻ±ԭĹܽҲò˶٣ڸ׻ҩʦıӻ£¿๦䣡
ңĽԽԽˣֻһ겻ͻƵ˵ڶ㣬ֻԼ꣬㡣Ĳ㣬Ҳ֪ʱͻƣĪͻϮ½ׯֻҲûʱˡ
ȷеʱ䣬ܽҲģȻԭ˵һƶ˻ȥˣǾһȥαض룡
ܽԭѻҩʦһȥֹĪǻҩʦԴӹƶ˻ͰһøС޾סԼһĺȥˣǹܽҲסһ°ˣ
ܽûа취ֻŵʱܿӱޣ絽ˣȻҳҩʦһȥֹⳡŲҾ硣
ڹܽŬУµһˣܽѾ꣬ڹȴƿҲûһ˿һӡ
ܽʵ̲סԼڹϰĸ׻ءظŹܽͷ̾еܲ׾⹫˵ʮһ书ķĵ㣬Ժÿʮһ㣬ϰſ澭е׽ѹƪܹѧϰһڹֻ澭ϵ书޷ѧϰˣ
˵ŻصȦˣҪ
ܽȻһ꣬⼸ضػ˵µˣ»ˣܽ᲻жѻصԼĸסᣬȻҲижæǰ§סصĲӣŮҲú䣬ܲ͵ͷ
ȥ۽ǵỨеʵصҵĶ仰͹ˡ治ҪֻҪúõعĿӾ͹ˣ
ܽ۾ҾںְֻܿڹҲеƣ
صˣվʹ澭׽ѹƪֻǣڴ֮ǰЩò
ܽ˵ͷϴȴԭǻذѾ澭뻪ɽ۽ĵʣԼЩ˹ȵǼξʡˣĶ˹ܽܽ澭ͬСɣǧܴ֮ܵˣ
ܽǿž񣬰һѶĵ꣬װӡòҪˣæصͷӦŻر׽ѹƪ
˵ϰ˸׽ѹƪȻкôѾľؿ࣬ϢֿʼˡܽڹҲһ죬ڰһڹͻ˵Ĳ㣬ﵽ˵سĲΡ
ܽ⣬𾢡
ǰ˵žǰٷ֮һݣϰٷ֮ʮŵŬһԼ֤ˣܽе־ĸо
ʮǴʦʮٳҩף٣㿴Σ
ҹĲϣȻᵽ˿
ص˵ͷӦģʦסһһֱڼо˻죬ʹˣǽ߷ġ
ܽ˶֣ȫľ񶼴ڣҪô˵̰ڿʼתô
ֻҲȹ꣬ȥһˣȻǾȥ˽Ӵʦ
ܽæҲȥҲҪȥˣ
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ܽڵϳʱؾͰֻܽˣܽһҲûִ˵еͨ鶯ǱϷ죬ͬһ㡣
ڿȥˣϾҪӭĶԾеĿϲﻹܹƣֻ춵ȥˣ

 

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Ŵ󴬣˳﷫칦Ϳ˰Ȼһ·У
ľҪأεһģȻչùģ󣬹ܽһοʱȫˡ
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ԼĸۡشŹܽܿҵ˹ڶһ𣬴Źܽˡ
ܽһڹŴУʣҵǵǱ߻д£һ·Ϲ˲ö棬Ÿĸӽ·
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һٵرԼǶôͨǶô˼ǶôҪһТģ
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˳ԾṦȻͻȻؿľϣԷɿһԼʮͷòãӻƵۣ΢ЦŻǳĪˡ
ܽĪʱһ˵ĪȻҪ꣬Ҳֻжʮͷ֪ʮǰ½չԪʱس귽ʮ壬ĪôҲʮ꣬ȴֻжʮͷĹɵĹ򣬶շҲж֮
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ĪһŮͯȻҲ˵һӣָǹصŮ֪½ӢɵãҲбһӡɵóҩʦ˼֪½ӢзŮܽԽ⣬;˵Լһӡ
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䲻һƴʦ£ȴҲһƴʦݣ˵ѻ
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ԼҲ⻰˵ö˿ڣٲ
ܽĪ˫Ŀ΢죬򣬱ֵ¹ʮǰҸĸ֮ʣʱΪ֮
ΪǹֱȶٵأĪ˵ʮ֮ǰ֮ǰҲĪĶ񣬸ĪӳִȴʮǰɱʮҴҵ£ȴҲûбʲô˷ָĶС

ʮ ΧĪ

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ֶУֻĪЦһˣҷŹǣѰǣ
˼Ȧ⣬һɣȴϾʱĪٶϣнЦֻ½үҪڽ
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ܽͿݣȴ½ϷһѪһԣ㶼׶༪ˡ
ͨȥ˱𣬵˵ز˾
չǰȥ

ʮ Ҥභ

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ʮ ϸ

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»عһӣæǰҾСֶĸ
ܽ޳ܣȴֵĸȣʱ˵λ壬СֶռλȻȲ
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ʮ С̸

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ƶǰѯʣ֪ҹ֪ȥʲֲ֪ʱˡҲ֣ȥȴڴϺ˯
֪ܽŷȥ˸󡹦»ؽȥƳЩʲôæڻػֻ롣ֻСӾҹĪһսһ죬ˣŹܽطȥ˯
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֪㣬͵ջվټϹԸӲɣ㽫¶ƭ

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ܽҲһֱ׽СףҲæ˺һˣһϽ̽ܽɣ̹ûʲôһЩڹķĺáܽҽ̵ģɣ
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ܽ书Ľ֪ģҲ׮£û뵽ص˼
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ܽЦ̰Ĳ㣬ȴ˵⵶ڿҲ˷ѣ˵ܷЩáһʱ˻ȡЦҲڡ
һ˵ڶȥݼȣȻһһ
ܽһʼŷ׷Ϊԭŷؿջˣ֮ƴܾˣ˶գûӶʧȥټȴ֪᲻β
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ܽ游䣬ҪϣȻأʲô¶ǨԭĹܽŻᱻǸӡȻǴĸܶ
ܽڹϸûʲôģϾǰ߿ֲˡٶƽʱôù˵߿Ŀ̶ֲҪԶԶڸϰ䡣
ģȻǵ꺫СӨԽŮ
׽ľ֮ʧԲʧΪһ׸ĽܽȻѧӢƣǶ׽ѧúġ
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ܽҴʲôã౻ҵһٰˡ
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׿ԭˣ˵Ϊд书ĸ̵ͽܸɫˣ
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ܽ˵ͷô˵ˣ
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ܽڵϵǳ˳飺ⲻ˵ҪôΪ׼ˣ
ȻװŻ˵ӷһȥһء

ڶʮ תͶȫ

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ԼթˣȻŮС
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Ϊ˳׶Ϻ·ʲô˵ˣֱ˵չһҶǺˣҪҪߣ
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ܽԥʲô
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إһ 

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΢΢һЦΣһ𣺡ǳɻô꣬ܽҲôˣһʲôŲµôֻһ˰ˣҵҲͦģֺαضġ
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Ҳһ޳磬û𴦻ڣͳȥ־ƽͷ˵һ;ɷĽѣһҪΪʦ
𴦻ͷҲû취ֻ־ƽΪʦ
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ܽеơСȻûʲôĵӣҲĺ֮˰˵ܸıСŮˣ
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ǣ־ûж֣־ӦöûеŶ԰ùܽԽԽ֡
Ϊ٣ԼҼŵƽʣ֡ܽһһ꣬ϲҲͰԺ
ŴķףܽûмҲǿ۽磬򣬷չ̶ȼߣĻҲ࣬ùܽ񫣬Ѿȥ羰
ѾСͷԭǹѾõģܽδø˸ָԼѾˣҲû˻ҪȨ˰ͬʱҲڴʱСʲô
ʮԪڣܽȻҲСͷһ⣬ֻСȫ˻ƣһɹڵľ
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ܽаĵ˹ȥû洫֮
ܽһʲô˸ؤ鷳
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ܽľ֪ѧĿǾ澭һĹټѧ裬겻֪Ǻ£ȻҲⷬ֡
ܽüͷ֪òóͷ
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֮ǰͽϳؤԼǿ϶ؤͷʹǸģδʲô飬±㿪ںʹ
ܽ״ŭȥѾʤǣο໹Ҫĥǣ
ܽԾ΢¶֮ɫȻЦ˭ҵСЩҪĳͷ
ܽЩҪ㣬Ҳĺ֡巢֮ĸһ־Ͷ˼ҵָѵǶ¹ص֣
Ц˵ǵİ߹ֻоŸָҺЧԼİǸøлҲǡ
ܽףҲˣ˲ؤг𣬾߹г
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ܽŭӣƮƮƮɢĳơӢеСҲʶƮƮ˿ȥָΪ̣ܽš
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ΪͻصĹϵ˵ؤĴӪˣֻЩһĵӣ϶иǿڡ
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ʱҹĻԶĵƹϣֻò㣬һֱһ΢Цȥ紺ºͣ˭뵽ڸղɱʱҲһֱӴߵ΢Ц
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Ůֹ죬ֶΣֻǱߴա
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ص ǰһȥϺͼϾǱԪϣȥղſƣΣ

إ 

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ܽһѵŮˣ
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ܽ⣬Ҳ֪⼤ŭԼԼһʱ˵䣬±ȥʦѧ书´μ棬͸Ƕˣ

إ Ұ

һǿ͵Ϯˣ㲻Ӣۺú
ܽؽӢۺúˣ
һ죺ڲýҲһӮ㣡
ܽ˫һǻ˵ʲôգ
ʵܽҲˣֻҲǸոѧᣬҪһζѧУֻ¾ͻͣͣʱܽ¡
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β书ͲΪϰϹܽΪҲΪò̿࣬ǰѧĲܽˡܽڹոͻƵ㣬֮ʱǰߣǺβ֪ġֻܽҪץסᣬһסβͿҪЮʦ
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ܽϲŹʱ䣬βı仯һжϲĵطæҡ
ܽѾףǺβĹ֮ǰĲǺβԸһ˵ġΪˣҲʦеСҲŷ浱УˣŻֹ֮ǰܽõĲؤĹԺβûϳһ书Ϊʦֻ߹书ѣûмʶ࣬ҲŷĿһ㣬ԺβҲûж湦ԸֹܽӦҲǺ߹ͻؿеĹ书ˡǹܽ书ҲһµĽײ㣬ټϺβƺԸ˹ܽÿؼʱ̣Ľǻƫһֻһ˲
֪ܽãҲߣֻ벻ֺؽ°ˡ
ܽҧţʱһϢתҲԽԽԭܽոͻƵڹķתô˳ʵսУȻԽԽ

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ܽһ£漴׹Ҫ°ԼȻԼΪʣ븸׻ĸһϸ¡
ǱЦøղŮӵĹΣ

إ ͬ

Īһǣ
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Īһ£漴Цǰܸң
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ĪüһթȻ
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Ī̧һӣöȥֻæչϼɶܣöȥÿ켫죬۵צ֮ԲצƤ
ֻһֻԶȥˡ
Ī֪Լˣһʱ׽סṦ˵õĹܽ½ׯͼʶܽṦղܽ书оṦȻҲڻ¡ͻֻ㵽
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ĪҲȱߡ½˫Ī֮Ҳ˵ֻûͷԹܽ˵ͷǺ籲½˫ϵȽϺãΪõĪΣ¶Թܽ˫ʦã㲻Ϊˡ
籲ߣ
Īһ籲Ҳֻס˿ڣʦȥˡ
ԶȥӰܽ̾˿֪ˣӦô⹫Ƥ߲ŶԣȻǳ˵㣬Ҫô
Թ԰ִǴŹˡ
ܽ·ȥȻͻض˷һ˹
˼ܽЦվߣ־ϲŭȰѹܽ´һȻ־һǶ⡣ص׻ŮɷһƣȻԹܽôһܣ֪֪Σգ
ܽЦᰡΣѾų˰
ͻض㶡
ųʲôų
ʵȴǿŹ֪ܽ«ʲôҩ
ܽѸղĪ˵˳ط˲һЦҡҡͷ
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ض㻹̫ʵ˰
˼꣬ҲῪصЦˡ
̾˿պĪԵУҪСĶˣ
ж룡ĪϸƴС
ЦôԽԽǵСˣ
ɫ⻰һ㲻Խ䣬Խ֪ԼС
ЦүǫҵǾԼ˲ء
ܽŸĸЦҲůģѹϣ֥ŵ˵ġս϶֪ʶ˱֪ʶٵӴ֪ΧҪ֪ʶԽԽеԼĶܶࡱóһ֣ȴü¿һ£
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ؿһۣôϵ⵶
ܽпֻ࣬ƣ˵ġ˵ʦһ˫Уţӵġ
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ܽҪȥ˵羰续ˣ˵һƴʦҲܳôõĻôܷ
ŭ֣һ·֪жΣô
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ŮЦӯӯЦŪһȫ˻ȥ
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ڿܽ˵עŹܽܽܽصĿעӵûάϵЦݣҲɫض
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ܽ˵ͷǰһҪȥģ
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ֻ˵ðɣȻȥɣλߡѽһ֣λϵĳʱҲˣ
ܽ˼صͷԲΪλճ·ֻҵġ

إ ´

̾һܽĵôΪһˣ£ôܴű뿪
ܽͷΪһǴ͵
ȷԭǰҪֱۣܽںҪһ壬ʵǴ׵ĵ䷶ܽȻΪȹλؤﳤˣ
ŸĸصҺؿʼ׼ǺһҰ
ȻһĳƥλϺ͹ֱܽȥ
ܽ·˺ܶࡪԼûȥ˺βĺ£Լ޹أǹͻỤλȥϵһơԭ˵λһһˣ·Ϸ¡ԭܻܽԴһ֪úõԼȴΪ˿һƴʦͳӢ͸ҪԶ·ˡ
ܿŴĴ⣬Ҳֲһִʱûȥźˡܰݷһ´˵еĹĽݼң˵ѧʲôǾ͸ˡ
ܽһֱ֣ΪʲôлĽݸһûУѵĽݸʧ˵ĻҲʧȥˣǾѣǰ׳հЩӶ̸֮ĵôҲܵӰɡ
Ľݸٷ裬ҲŷҲðŷ涼ܴ书ĽݸѵͲУһ˵Ľݸ̣ܽͰ̵ĺҲܲʶְղصôĶȥˣܲɱʹȥ˰ɣ
뵽ܽڼһƴʦȤˡһҪȶ¡Ϊʷ飬ĶӲ٣ҶλսܼңڿĩľաܲЩӶһİɣǶȢ˭飿пܣһµĺӣȢȢˣ췹ˣ̵ҲǶʸʺҲͳˡľͲ֪ˣȥҵƺǲ˹һġԽ˾Խ˵˵Ҳ˹ȻΪ޶̵Ķλһѩǰܣ
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ССİ˼üһϺвܽˡ
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ܽ̾˿úܲͨҲԵˣҪܲͨһƲңҲһֱᵱĳð
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һ롪ԼôľҲ˰࣬עԼҪҲװ
֪ҪԹȴġ

ʮ ʦӢ

˼Ÿһ·ɽ˰ɽѾȥһһЮ˶ܽһɽ·ɽһ·ǰһ߳չȥȴһŮкڶԵСŮǸһж˿·硣
ܽۼ⣬ǳӢֵܣ
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ٿֻóӢʽϽһ˫ӦУͶдҷ緶ֻԼ֮ϣֵܣѾˣִֵԶһȻ֧穡
Ӣڶ˵ĺϻ»࣬ѾԶ˼ˣл˵ģҶָһֵָܵĽϣ˵ĳסȻԹŮһ񣺡ʼλˣкιɣ
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ˣô
ܽƳֵһۣŹֵؿųӢӢȴûֵܽܿܽɫԣȴҲûǷȥ룬ֻǰȰݼ˹ȻŹܽе޴ĸо
ֵܽؿŶˣ㲻ô˵ǲöԼһŶѽô飬ǲǸӢܺõô
ȴӢתͷԶ˵͹ҽɽȻȥʦһţǸıݣҲؾ񡭡
ֵԼ֮ɫȴԳӢǷǷǣʦ塣
ȻǰԹŮ񣬴תɽȥˡ
һʦ塱ùܽ͹ޱȡӢֳȺԻɫҲе㲻˼ǲҪվˣһһ˵ɡ
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ܽԴ󾪣ղ˵ʲôʦʦô
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ܽųӢ׸ղֵǼԼӢƽ۽뵽ҪԼִʵǲ˼Բ֡
ֵܵӣƺԳӢҲδû⡣
ѵʦͽĵ£תƵֵˣ
ܽһ񺮡ôԼĴ˺ЧӦˣҲ̫˰ɣѵ磬ʦ磿

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ܽȻ뷨ȴǿ԰ѹȥ
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ӢܽһѣҲƵ̾˿ֻ׸ĪħͷǱˡ
ܽ˵һȴ޷ĪʱѾˣҲ̫СĪϾɱɱƽĳˣΪȻ־롣ֻҪǼʱӦһҲˡ
ȴԭ½˫Ȼ飬Բʧ˲еİϣֱһһˡĪ治ʲô֮ˣϹֺöˡ
漴Դӱн֣޺ĻؾͱķˣҲ֪ǸʲôطлĻǿȥһ̽˵ʲô
ܽȻ䲻׺վΪʹϵһֱһڹĵľȻһֱ˵ԼҪ⣬ҲġȻɵ书ģҲõġ˵һ˵аϰ书·ġȺϼΣıڤΣ
ӢŹܽ½˫ĽܣҲ˼ƽϣֻϲ˵ˡ
Ů˵Ҳ죬ֻЮɽʱϤĵǰֻˮѾӭ˳ Цֵܣþòʲôˡ
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ˮæǰ鿴һ¶λߵ״̬ӹϸڱϣԹȻˣֵɣ
ţֵҲӭ˳ҲҪӹȥ˼˼ұˣֻǲϡҲ֪ΪʵҺҲͲټֻ֡ǼܽȻСȴòǡƻأ̲סϼ䣺λСһŮ
СŮܽ
ܽ糤׺лףƮݣҲøУǰʩһȴȴĸ׹һأҪġ
ܽһ£֪˼ЦСŮף޶ۣĸȡ
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ܽɫ֪⣬һִˣ㲻ɣǽסˣҲһδĺӣ˵ȥҲˣȻҪңȻҲҪˡ
ԣҲ̲סЦҪˣϷԶ
˵ƫͷ룬ֻһɣҲҪʲôˡţĸˣСԶǳɪã˴һͷһұأΣ
ܽп࣬ʫԵ£ǹóģһִˣﶮЩֻӲͷƤֻ¶ԵòôЦ
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ǱҶǲҲ޷
ܽɫ䣬֪ѣӺˮΣ
ЦúúãǻصŮĸ֮磬ɡ
ŮǣҲϺЦ¶һȸ
ܽû̫̣һĵôûжĸ׵ϽǰС
;ֶԹܽĸ˰ҵˣȻԵùȴҲʧ䲻ĸƤȴҲʧ档ʥӲ֮ǲ˵ĺá
֪ܽԸȴһֱԱĸ׻ѹһͷЩ٣ץסᣬȻҪһͷССƣ϶Ļôţһɹƭˡ
ŭĵĸ׾ͶӳԲѷССʥҲðˣʥΪʦʲôɹƭ֮٣
ܽͷЦǰΡԪͷ˵˳һ˵һ߻СŮĽ̬֮ˮùЦλؤﳤҲ̿ס

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ܽһпкЦԭֵܶԹܽߵڿҪɳӢˣǲ֪Ӣ˼ʲôȻֵܹ˵㣬ǷദҲһҪеǿŮĲô
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ҹܽӢͬ˯Сñط꣬ȻҲûʲôҲͬѵģҲС
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ܽʵеܲˡ
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̲ܽסһ˿ЦݣȻ·϶Զ뷨Ҹһ˶Ļᣬһƴʦ󵨵ļСĵ֤
һܽԶȤҲֲ죬˹ܽŻصȵڻʵۣһеλҲܳ°ҵ

ئ д

ܽЩȤǼȻһ˵ˣֲ˼ϣֻ游һγ羴֮飬Ȼŵȵڶ⡣
һƴʦؿ˹ܽһֻۣܽթֻ֪˵Ƽн˵¼ԴΪơ
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ܽϽǰǰ˵δһ湫ӣŮأ
һƴʦһţȵֻһһܽĪԣ
ΣһһŮô
֮ܽıȫæ׷ʲôһƱֻøӹ
ˣ
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ܽеƣΪԼǰЩʷϵôˣҲкôǾǲصĸıʷʲôģһжõģ
Ȼһпľ壬Ȼûм޸ôĽŮӣ޷ԼɷŮ˵İɣңԼ׵ӣغ޸ӰֻԶܵ˺
а̾ϢҲᶨҪƻĺ󹬴ƣһȺСŮڵ⡣
һƴʦܽȥλؤﳤϡݹ˵ʱϱβʦƻУǱƻУֵ˫ֶܶ磬ȴϸ΢ĲڼȻ˹Ѿ书ȫʧԺҪԲڴˣȻ书ڣҪһ㽡ֻҲ롣ܽǵԭϣǣѾһһ˵״䲻ֵزֻҲǿˣ
ܽ룬ÿǶ书βʦ̫ԶҴ·;̫ңԶȲõشɽһƴʦͬʱˣȻֱȲõרȻһˣټλˣֱȲõᣬʴλϲȫָпܣԭУβʦڹ;͵Ϯλһһˣֻǲ֪·лس̰ˡǻس̣ԼмΣաĪ嶾ƣҲôߵģԭĪɲְգ˶ҲӦòѰˣԼӦúܰȫŶԡ
λϵķгܽһ£һߵ棬ȴֿӢڻд衣
ܽһʱǰ̼ҽ㣬дһ¿ɺã
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ӢͶܽҪӢд裬ס֡ĶԹܽЦʦ幦ɿúܣӿҪСġ
ܽСԼһ㵱ֵһûô
ȵܵܳȣֻǶԹܽ˵ͷ˵˾䣺ѵӡ֤һʦѧҲǺõġ
Ӣ¶ܸߵӣҲ˵⣬ǵ㵽Ϊֹܽ顣
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ܽҲ֪˼һƣֽˡ
ܽΪǱȳӢǿģһֲŷ֣ʵӢ书ֻ߲͡
Ȼǿɴ˿ɼӢƽʱС佻֣˶صģùܽľǣʮУӢһһָûгֻƾһƴʦڵ书ȻܽҲûʹӢƵɱţҲ˵Ĳ࣬Լ߾ȫҲӮ˳Ӣġ
ʵĲͬȷźܴĲԼŬҲ޷һһƴʦĳӢȡ
ܽейѵǱԼȥЩνؼ
ʱ뵽СӵǶԵģȥЩؼҪͷػǺѡǣԼʣʲô书Լѧأ
ʱһڹܽͷ׽
˵ܹıһ˸ʵ䴫飬ıԼô

ئ ܽʦ

뵽ܽͷʼԼĸĸ⹫£ҲΪԼȥ½׽ģҲԼǰᵽⱾ顣
Ħǽ׽͸ת£Ҳ֪תûУΪˣǲ˽Բġֻ⡶׽ɲǡ񹦡ܽĵģ
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ܽһ£漴ӦǳӢãЦ̽ãʤ֮ˣ
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ȶƮƮƮȻ£Ʈ䣬ͬһֻһˣƮдֹ졣
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ܽ룬ǧӦòԺ߹ʲô̫ĳޣؤϰڵṦоһ֡
ȶ˵ͷǺϰ书Ȼͬ졣ҿṦܳ־ãǲڹ㣿
ܽһ£ȻڹǺܺã򣬵ȷʺϳʱá
ȶﵹһṦҿͦʵģ֪ԸԸѧ
ܽͷȡǧųˮƮṦһָܵ㹦Ҳġ
δŻ֮ϸЩָˣ֮ǲмһˡذݺ߹Ϊʦڴȫڹķһƴʦഫ칦һָûгκεˣҹϵΪܡͨһƴʦ书ӣҲûκʡ
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ܽжǧΪ塪ֲõһϸµģȻҲһλʦĸ֣
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ȶһΨƺṦֻһֱûҵõĴˣһѧʧԭܽûмȶȶҲͲǼ̳ԼṦĺӣ޴ӴṦܽø˴ȶĻᣬȶܲϲҲϲɫؽ˵ĵء
ܽڴȶָ£ͰṦôޱȣȻǼ̳дȶṦĺӣ
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ܽȶһ˫۰ו˿ʲô˵Ҫɰ֮ģҪֲ֮ӣҲӦѧһŹǺõġٲãҲûкã
ǹܽʽ˴ȶΪʦΪ˴ȶĹŵӡ
ֻƿɲṦѧõģҪŴȶһʱġȴȣλؤﳤҪͻȥ£Ҳݲһֱ档
ʱϢӱξôʹ·ôʹǸ֧֣Ҳȥλ̽һķ

ئ ˽ɽ

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־ģܽѧɣ
Թܽϲѻ͹ܽһе
Ϊ˺书ܷģҲͬѹܽͬʱµģһԵ
ǹܽڴȶߣѧƹ
ܽѧһ书ƫƫǧƹṦʺܽܿͰˮƮṦģҲӦ֡
һξǰ࣬ܽѾѧ˴ȶƷ֣ṦҲѾﵽˡˮƮĵزȻֻƮ̵ܶһСξ롣
ϧȶṦᣬڿ졣ùܽϲ֮࣬ҲеССơڽӹʱԿƵģ˶֮⣬ҲֻΤһЦǸˣˣνṦǿҲԡᡱһ֮󣬹ܽҲȻˡ
ƣѧĶѧˣԺǿϰˡ
ȶƣϹٽƷǸͨھʿãǶԿԾڹҲҪϹٽȻѧȴݡɹǣûаרϰѧΪ龫ǴƷúٵڹͿԷӳƼһǧݣǰ·ϰ䣬ĺʱҲ٭֮СҪ֪ԭƼ书ֵܲֵܺôҲǹͽܣһ㽭˿ѾǲˡֻȣнϴĲࡣԹܽƷģһƷһһķһ죬ͻһڹĵ㡣
һڹǰ˵ţԹܽҲ⣬㵽˵ǵãﵽ˵ˡ֮ÿһ㣬綼ȫ߲ͬ㣬ͿԴﵽһˮƽû˫ȵ¶ʹʮڸֵġ
Դӹܽͻһڹ󣬳ӢͲԹܽĶ֮֡ʱд裬һʼӢռϷģŹܽƹԽԽ죬֮ĲҲԽԽСܽڻ˳Ӣ
Ӣûʲô˵ģܸ˵ף˹ֻܽһԹսĴСϾɥ֡ۼŹܽʵԽԽǿȻҲߣȴԶԶȲϹ̶˵ġ
ڻ˳Ӣ󣬹ܽһֱѹͷϵһɽ֮£һƴʦҪҪ󣬲Ҫͬ
ѽҲСˣһȥһܽһƴʦʹȶ
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ʵܽ׼ˣֻɽϵ˶ӣҾ춼ɽסһʱ첻ѣ֪ôܽ˵Ļ⡣ҺûгӢȻӢԼû£ȴķ˵£ҲЧ
ʵɽϵ˶ԳӢǹذмӡˮûӣϣʺһֱûԳӢɰŮ˵ǧ谮һˡ
һƺʹȶܽҪɽֻ΢Цȴһ㽭鶼ûУôŵģһ£㸸ĸҪƴ
֪ܽԼ˵ˡҲûָ˵ˣֻǽǸѡΪ𣬲ʧ񣬶԰չԼˣҲһ˺
ǣҹܽ͵һƴʦסԺ
ɽڿһˡϾɽϵĶǸ֣һСıˣɾԶҲֻˡԼɽϵıһֱܹɣҲû˻ϵԼһС
뵽ܽǵ⣬ʼ˸衣
ҵЦֵЦ
ꡭ
شһЦùܽˢһ³һ亹
¿ֻԶתһŮǳӢ
ܽһò
ֻӢЦӯӯܽܽôôҪҲк̫˰ɡ
ܽæǰִסӢ֣ý㣬Ҳһ޾ɽȥ棬ǧҪʦѽ
ʵڳӢǷɽƾܽṦҲܰѴȶһƣϾɽµĵ·ͨ˴

ئ 

ɽп׷Ϲܽģֻһƺʹȶ˶ѣδ׷ʣµ˾͸˵ˡ
Թܽڵ仰ӢҪԼѡӢǿûû˵ġ
ǳӢ˻Цǰ±£ʵϵҪ͵ˣֻһɽʶһ°ˡ
ܽ˵ͷȷǳӢ뻵£ֻҪֱ֪ͨˣαһֱԼ󡣸ղԼʱ̽Ӣ״̬ʱ˯װûͦ
ңһ·гӢ飬Ҳиİ֡ԼΣǴȥĽȥأ
˳Ӣ֣н飬ˡ
ӢЦŵ˵ͷһ𴳵á
ܽһЦ˫˫չǰȥ
һιܽƤ˴óòŮɽ󲻾þװȻ۵꣬Ȼȥɽ
ܽɽת˺ܾãһܴɽʯʯΣһܰӰճ赡ܽˡֻȴҲˮ񣬸ʲô书ؼˡ̳ɻĶ˰ɡ̵ĸǶˣһеĸԴ￪ʼȻҪúһġֻһȴùܽһˡ
ܽɽûʲôջ񣬱Ӣ˴ӽɳ˳£볤꣬һ·СӢܽԼɽйôһȦôһĺõطʲôǰӵĵطֲҪӵӡֻܽʮͷôأ
ǳӢΪأܽ˵Ҳʡ
ܽĿǹ룬û߻·תǣɳ˴¡
СǱϾ书㳤ͨҲǲһ˵Ҳǡټϳ˴£½·鷳
·ʱӢܽû봬ϰ֡ӢǸϲʧҲԼĴ㣬Ҳûжʡһһ󣬹ܽͶ˵Լ׼ȥݵ¡
δƽԹıƣƶݶǽıģδкܶطֻһ⣬ͻΪҲϰϰȻȻطΪݣ߹աеȵȡӢܽԼ𣬲ȥʲô
˵룬ڱʱһһĸͣȥʶһ¡
ܽԼҪȥһ͵ѧĽݼѧ¸ֻ˵˸šǵȵݲŷ֣û֪κׯ
ѵѾ䵽û֪ĵزô
ܽƣвʣȻȥ˿ڱȽ϶ĵطм¥跿ջȵطѯʡ
Ҳκׯʲô
ڹܽһҾ¥ƹѯʱһһߵزһ졣
ܽ꿴ȥֻԼʮ꣬ɾ࿡īᣬݰףǹһ˿ϷʵЦݡ
ѵ֪룿
ܽһϲæǰλ̨ˣСջƣʸ¸մǷ֪κׯʲôط
ܽûбգĸ׵ϣҲǷ֮Ĳˣ
´һ¹ܽ䣺㻹ûشҵ⣬ôͷˣ
ܽ룬ò֪ݣЩӵĺãǱҶ˵ȱĽϣЩԨԴݷһ£еʲôӵġ
ܽ⻰Ҳ˵ѣؤŮؤǰ븴ݸĸɱĸ֮֮ĸͬɨɮΪʦ˵ԨԴ̫ˡӢһƴʦĵӣһǶĺˣȻҲĽݼҴйϵ
ƲƲ죺һԺӶѣʲôÿġ
ܽһϲæĶܴȥô
´һ¹ܽŵҲ֪Լٴɣ
ܽ㶡鷳ʲô鷳ȻѾû䵽֪ĵزô鷳
˼䣬ӢѾǰ̨գκׯʲôԨԴô
ٺһЦֻСǰˮƣˡ
ܽ꣬˵Ӣȴ˳ܽ½ǣ˾Ƶꡣ
ҪٶˣҲ书ģûÿεƣƶ߳ض֣ȴûһô
ܽһϸ룬ƺˣһ治ɵԹԼǲϸģǰѱ˿̫͡Ϊһִ˵Լûй߽Ƿ츳

ئ ҹ̽κ

ҿ˵ǸʲôκׯһЩϵԶԶظ
Ӣڹܽ߼
ܽӲӢ㵽һߵһû˾ҴһŮװϵߣٶ߻Ǿ¥Ȼ
ܽԴе㲻ΪȻϳɰһδʮ꣬Ȼܴҡھ¥Ⱦƣ
ܽͳӢǳ޵Ůһ¥Ŀ⡣ܽͳӢֻ֪ССˡ
ϲ˻ûϣȻˡòŮȻûĿ⡣ܽﰵź󣬼æһǮųӢȥ
ֻǰУŲҴң;лײϼˣŽ µӣ˿Ҳû뵽ڸԼ
󣬾Ȼ˳ǡ˳ǣ˲٣ܽӢҸֻ̫ԶԶصҵöṦŲڱ˦
תתȥһҶĳĵطͣ˸ڣʱ滮һ˹ȥ
ܽӢͣǳǰԶԶ˿ôΡҵöףСһôܰѶ˵ȫס
ܽ䡶˲едκׯȷҪȥģľǲκׯˡֻǲΪһȥݳ˶֪ȴ֪ԴӵĽݸʧ󣬺ܿգֻ밢һŸӡ
ž֣԰̺Ҳչˡ֪Ľݸıȫ£԰Ѽеѧȫ͸˶ֻ˼ҴĶתƹĽݼҵ洫ڹķ̵Լĺӡֻǰ̲书Ǹ̸ֻֽ֪ģԼ书ô¶ָ֪ĽݸĺˡĽݼҵ书ҲûڽҲͷⲻڡϳǰˣʮһ˻ˣܿĽϵ֪ˡټĽݸĺ˶񰢱̵Ľ̻壬£Ҳκׯ֮ͺ֪ûˡ
Ľݸĺˣʮ꣬ױϰ䡣书СɣԣͲסׯмį㾭ׯȥճ档żнѵӲǣպ˴κׯһʱͲס˵죬ֱѶŪߣ˼˰죬Ҳ֪ŴҴȥ¥òŮҲûע⵽
ܽӰںҶʧ˳Ӣ̽˵òطľɫ˵Ĳκׯһģһֻǲ֪ʲôӡҺȥһǺûءιȥȴ¾ׯϵˡ
ӢЦſŹܽòصҰҶطûʲôȤṦˮƮϱǺɻôѵס㣡
ܽҪǰȥӢ˵⣬ЯһݳУ˼ҿջķ䣬ڳһùӢڳҹУֱɫʵˣӢ֣һȥ̽κׯˡ
һᳵ·һ·ǺߡʱֵɻУҶȴ붼ڣ¹ɢ΢𣬺Ҷ΢¹ںҶ϶ĳ˸Ǻһɺɫ
ֻǹܽ˲ֻչˮƮṦںҶһ㡣Ƭ̼㵽˶԰ֻһƬɽׯȻʧޣưܣһζ
ܽ˶غһҪҹ̽ɽׯŰݷáԴѧˮƮṦˡ
Ҫǽʱׯﴫһ֣һ׽
ܽһ㶡ԼûȥͱôȻ룬鴫
⣬˵Լֻã޶⣬ֻһӰׯ˳ܽ һȴȥһӾȥ
ʱ¹ˮλεڴϣܽ翴ǸӰѧԼһ
ָܽĵһһԼһκׯһƱôֻǲ֪ôҵطģ
ʱκׯׯŴ󿪣ʹִ˳Ϊ׵Ǹ꣬и˸ߡ
֪ܽѾˣֲýֳֻͣһźҶˡ
߲κׯ˼ܽṦ˵ãҲǳһæҴҴķ
ùܽѸ٣İ׷աܽŭ䵽˰ߣһȴԶһʪ͸شˮ˳

ئ 

ܽׯϵĴѾӺ׷Ҳ˲ñģȥһץ֣չߡĽŷɰɣ±ϳϾԵֻйطУֻɱ
Ҫ˵ܽṦǿ治Ǹǵģһˣܵ÷ɿ졣Ȳκׯ˰ûӰˡ
ҲһҲһһҲϹܽĺȡ
ۣṦôǿôôõṦ
ˣ˦˹ܽ֡
ܽ״Ҳ˽ŵѧģҰǧΪʦ
ƲƲ죺ˮƮ
ѽ
֪ʲô𣿡
ܽͷһ㱻׷ɱӣҲʲô书
ߺıؼȡ÷ģ
ܽͣ½Ųѿڶ澭
ȷԶʱͿزؾĻֻҪṦ̫ͣȥƭʵ˾Զȥĵİɣ
ҲվסΣܽ˵ͷһĵ⣺ǡ澭
ܽҲżôŪֵģӾԶƭģ
ƲƲ죺ʲôƭѽȥж𾭣
ȻͷչʱľԶ˧Ŷ
ܽѡ澭óתһ롪Լʶ˾ģټϾ;ͻԼˡ׽͹ƪһ߻ħô죡Ի˰ɣ
ܽһƿκׯʲô
Цصһѽ
ܽһڵ˭һѽҾʶһ£
Ҳʶһµģ
һˣ
Ц뵽ĽݼǼռѧؼģû뵽һûˡ˵еɽׯҲİˡ
ܽ˵ͷñҶ࣬Ҷû뵽ɽׯ¡
ھڶأȥڣɽȥСŮ
ܽãҾͲȥˣĪȹһΣ㲻Ҫ
һҺ󹬴ҵһӣô
ܽڱˣеջȴôᱻĪȵģܽûذѰβڵ¶˵һ£ȻʲôʱھߣȻʱͲˡɣһҪϻܻʹأ
ܽ룺㵽ܣʱʱһƿӲƿӻε֪ôģ
ʱӻͳһᣬܽö
ܽһ£¹չһĸ֣񽣣
ܽӺһ¾ˣŻʵĶŪģ
ȥһ£Ĳؾҵġ
ܽؼô
ǶдһݡֵڣڹķҲϧṦãȥʹȻȥң˵ҵڤ񹦻貨΢֮ġ
ܽЦҲ̫̰ˣ
תһ룬ֵΪʲôºͶϺ˶û⼸Źأ
ǵйʲôʣ֪ؼܵ˶˰ɣ
ܽ룬úпܣΪʷأ۶λڶλ֮ǰй̩۹һʷȻ˲ĶûмλԾںˡң̩ǶĺֵܣļλǱĹµġ
뵽ܽԼôһϺж׵鱨
ȴҸоãĹܽļ򣺡ҪжѽԭⶫȥֺóӢģһƵĺˣá˭ǹϵأҿŮȫǵģҪס鰡
ܽежһͨ˵ûðɡҿûаѳӢԼһ¸Ⱦָ˳Ӣǣ󹬣ֻȢӢһ
뵽뵽һ£ʵԼô
ܽĹĵӣ鵹Ǻˬǲ֪ΪʲôתǼɬޱȣһûϺþáҪȥһ·͵Ҫüʱ䣬ȫÿǵ·ĳͻɣҲûüʮꡣ⹦ʺң
ܽˣе㲻ţİԣ
ЦصɣҸ㻤
ܽһۣþ񹦻ͦĵģԼҲʲôΣգ¹´Ǿᣬĵһʽʼڹ

ئ Ӫ˫

Ȼͬ˵תüΪɬ˵ţǧﻹֻһСܽͲòˡ
вУ⹦Ҳʺ
ŹܽɥӣЦҲ˲ﱣǶʮˣһһ·һ·ڹĹϵˣһйŹֻ֣벻ˣ
ܽ˵ͷĶǵõˣҲûã
ܽ񽣲ɣƽ⣬ҲܹܽղǾ仰ﰵ˼ϲһ䡰ڡܵûӰˣ
ܽıӰҲΣֻҡͷ̾ϢȻصջ԰ѽ¶ԳӢ˵һ£ȥֻ˵ԼˣȻ˻Ȼѡ񽣡ؼ˳Ӣ
Ӣƾ˰죬ȴܽ⣬ܽ˵Ƕμҵ书תһƣ¡
ܽ˿ӢûжԹܽκεĻɣԹܽ˵Լ羰漸죬ùܽһȻñκׯ˻ɡ
ܽЦ̫Сģ˵ԼûбҪġ
Ӣȴһ̬Ҫܽ뿪ݣܽɣӦ
ڶһ磬Ӣͽ˹ܽ͵⣬ܽѱ۶
ܽóߵԶˣչںԶԶţȴֻӢȻ˿ջʣȻֱȥ˳һߵһҿջ
֣ܽҲԶԶصš
˺ܾãܽǿջ߳ãһŮ
ԭôô
ܽľӢȻĪʦͽˣȻ½˫ߵġ½˫Ī
ԳӢ书ȥĪǽֻһ
ԳӢڹѧҲûãѧʱһ˵ģ㶼㣬Ҳܻٳɶ಻ǣ
ңҲ֪Ӣѧѧ񽣡
ûӣؿųӢȥʯͷֻܽڳӢһ죬һС
һӢӻѣֻβУûг嶯
˵ǣܽûаƤҪóӢԴҡڵĪסͬһҿջ
ԵܽͰݷ˳Ӣ
Ӣ֣ܽҲû̫ľȡҲ֪Թ̬ܽȻɣԹܽӣ׷ҲңӢҲʵǳȣССͣͺʲôʧȥ侲ˡ
ôߣ
ܽżɽص
Ӣ˵ͷīߺڣ˫ŮˣֻҪܵӰ졣
ܽ뵽ԭ½˫ֺֽţҲȷĪӰ죬ĪոǿУֻȡ
ӢԴͬ⣬ȴϺ͹ܽһĪ£޹أôܰѹܽҲϽΣյľء
ǹܽ˵ʲôҲȥһҪӢͬ
ĺˣһûءҪʵΣգһ˰ɣҵṦֻҪһҲ׷ˡͬģṦҲûֹҸǡܽܵص
Ӣ֪ܽƢֻҪ򶨵⣬ͺѸı䡣ֻεڵܽһо½˫ķ
ֻĪʵڲһˣڼ꣬ûκξŮоʲôܽǰȻжʮˣȫڸĸı³ɳᾭͽ鼸Ϊ㡣
һֱڶ춼ˣ˻ûоô½˫
ʱֲ˯˯˱Ī˦ֻ޵ʱʱˡ
ӢԭǱѰұõ˼ɽġӹܽĻжϳĪȻԲŻŹܽӢҲû뵽ôĪʦͽ˱ľȥĪȴûϵܽ񽣵ĽףȻĶֻΪʦһƴʦԲûѧϰܽԼ˽Ϊ˸Լ͹ܽһ㱣Ӣ񽣣պʦ𷣡
һѧ֮£ֻת˳ޱȣ·񽣾ΪԼһھԽתԽ죬ԼȫΪһ壬ֻƬ̹һķˡ
Ӣ˹㶵ش˰ΣǴ̽ԵָǰһָֻꡱһӦϳָϸһСס
Ӣ㶵ؿԼŪСףԾ˵
ܽҲŪĶľմСҲĿɿڴ
ʵ̫ˡ
˺ð죬ܽػع
Ӣ֮࣬ܽ˵е㲻˼ϺصѽֵҲ˵ء
ʵϣӢҲȷһĺá
նʱڹۼ߸ӵȫԼõĶ졢üɮҶϺкס顢ްȪԼۡࡢ򡢱ζֵһС
ɵ˸˵ʵޣر飬ֻһС֡졢üɮǿҲֻ˽һ룬ʹټ϶ֵһС֣Ȼʹ⼸еκһˣټҶˣҲֻԼ൱ңǶֵıȡȫ·ı֤
ؼڣϰģǵڵĴڹ
ʵ񽣣ҪڵĵŷŻڼҹ򣬻Ҫá봿С
˾񹦣ǼķڹȻһڹҲֻǰⴿ·һЩʹ߱񽣵ʡܽŮ˴һڹȻѧ˸Եƹ򣬵ǲǵһҵĹ򣬾ǣҲֻͬܽڹ·Ӹ˶ѣҲһ߱񽣵ʡһ·ΪĶμڹʺ񽣣ȻٶʮҲδһ·׾ɣĽݲô䳯˼ĺ룡
ӢڰһΪʦ֮ǰδϰ书Ҳֻüھ书һƴʦʵͬһ·ģҲǴϵڹķһָǲյģǶǰһƴʦѾټϳҶֲ꣬յмһˣȻԸôΪʦѧϰ书
ֻԸˣ书ӣϰʦʱʹˣٷȥԭȵ书Ҳܰһƴʦ书һԭҲ⣬ǳӢΪ˹ɣɽϲ֮ﻹʽΪͽȥˣһƴʦ㴫ֻĻ򡣲ϳӢһȴһϣһ£ֳӢ书ĺòϣ˳ӢΪͽ칦ھҲഫ
ֻǣӢֻһƴʦĶķ칦Ӣⱳ˿ھûǣӢŮ֮ڴڵĶڹķټǴԪ֮ãȶҪ˳
ģֻǹѡ
Ϊڹ˵Ӣǿǲ̫Զˡԣ˵ǽݺᣬǳӢֻʹάʳָǰԼһָľ롣Զˡ

ʮ 

ɣһԽԽǿģܽԳӢ۾ҿӴ
ӢǻֵЦ˼˵һԶأôҲȲĪġ
ܽĳļ򣺡𼱣лġ
˵ɽдʱ䣬ѵһֱȥֱ½˫ڳϼׯʱǰϣ
Ӣܽüͷ΢壬Ҳ֪Ī书ǿҪǿоˣ֪ҪжѣҲһʱ
Լ䣬һСţ⣬ʮͷ
ᣬǺ籲
Ӣ͹ܽԿһۣùƤߴãȻӷ˳ȴֻĪվڴ
֪ܽĪ׼ֽйһСҲȥ׼Щ
ȴĪ书ҲڷԸС׼ɵؿ˶һۣȴòƽŮ
Īϸ˶ֻվֻĪĪɣȴ书·Ҫǰ֣¶ʲôͷһԼ¾Ͳˡ
룬˸ƽϣ½˫ʹ˸ɫ½˫⣬ǰԶ˺ȵʲôˣǸ
ܽһڳӢ
Ӣľ߸ַ緶ǱվǰҲԶҡֻǶ½˫Ը˸λֻڴżαɡ
½˫γӢһٷϻ
Ӣò׾Ͷ֣΢ŭᶨҪ½˫Īߵ뷨Ǵ˼Ҳ֪½˫̽Լģǲҵ׼½˫ƣһָȥ½˫ϡֻһ½˫Щַȥ
½˫̽һδȫӢȴ¶ʦŹĪһָڵһָ
Ī֣ͨʶһƴʦľѧһݣԸǷǣ»˫
½˫֪ԼǳӢ֣ʦԼºݺݵ˶һۣתȥ
ʱСѾҪţͷ½˫ӹһڼϱˣĪ籲һ˳ȥ
Ӣ͹ܽĪ˻ֻԼ٣˼֮󣬾ɹܽʩչṦںԶԶţȻɹܽ;¼ǺţɳӢһ·Ѱ
ܽ˼ͷط·ߣźڷĴһ¡ӻɫĵۣǺĿġ
ܿȷĿ꣬ܽԶԶظȥ
ĪʦͽȻո˹ܽͳӢΪŮһʦųڲ࣬鷳ҲֻԸ֮ģֻעĳˣԶԶŵĹܽˡ
ܽһ߸ţһ߸ӢԼİţȴԶԶƼĪ˳˳ǣڳһɿڴһҴ
ܽԶֲʩչṦֻ⴬𿪣Ȼ󻺲˹ȥ
⴬һֱȵԶĳӢҲ˹ֵƬ̲Ż밶
ܽӢʶֻǸĪڴϡ⴬С˶ڴβţĪҪʿ絽ͷȥˡ
һɿڣĪ´ϢڶٶһҼݽϡܽͳӢ֪ҪȥĿĵҪһ;¼Ǻţһ˸
Īһʱ죬Ȼһֱ
Ӣ֪ϸֻǸ٣ܽȴȴԽԽȥķ򣬾ȻɽɽˣĪҪȥɽ
ҪعĹɣ
ǰԭ˵ȥСŮӦһʮ꣬ҲԼʮʱ򰡣
ңӦȻسϼׯ½˫£ȻȥɽŶ԰
ѵ˵ҪͽһȥСŮСŮֻһţûˣ
뵽½˫δԭ籲һѧ˽ӦĪгԭһɽСŮȷҪ׶༪ˣ
ܽнֲԳӢ˵ǲ֪
ѵҪȥȫ̰æ
ܽԱһ˫ʵСŮšԼͳӢзĪʦͽˡ½˫ӢȻ꣬ʣĪͺ籲ȻǼ˵Ķ֣Զ㲻Ӣֻһ١
ֹ˼죬ȻĪھɽԶһҿջס죬Իָ;ĵ;ȻĪͺ籲ɽֻ½˫һڿջС
̶һϲ˹ܽȥĪӢȥ½˫Ȼٸæ
鶨ܽʩչṦȻԶԶĪͺ籲һɽ
ɽͲôȥˣΪϾͱĪˡ
ɽ·ֹһȫµһ̣˴·ɽС·Ҳ١
ܽһС·ɿɽȻҵһСʿȥһߡȫƽӹ̫࣬ѾǺˡ
ĹУܽԼôûѧѨѨαҪ˴߰ô鷳
װСʿúãŪĹķ򣬽ٴΰСʿ裬졪ȫ̵ĵʿȻйģ
ȻĵڽĹȴǰĪĸȫ̵ĵʿ֡
ܽһ֪⼸ʿƬ̶ŲסԳᣬϽƿȥͨĹǸɽ
ɽɽµģֻܽҪȷĹλãߴ·Ҵ˶
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ܽڹ֧ˮϺһΣȴ֪ܷĹѧ˱ġܽ׼ʮ֮ǰ׼õݣ涼ǿʵڶס˾һڡҪʮù˻УҲˣ
ã˰˸ݣһд룬ܽĿھͳˮ档
ӵƽ⸡ʯ飬ܽ߳ºӣȻ˳ŵ·һֱǰܿһֱĵ·ǰ֪ܽ·ľͷǹĹ֮ȴˡΪûеͼ
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ֽŲã˺һڵ˱Ƚƽ̹·ϡȻһ·ֻÿ
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ܽڸڶվһ΢ӹˮˮôһĿùܽ֡
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ܽȴǲȥ˼˫ûɽԭֻƾżķ򣬻ƽϢ򼤶ĴϢСǰȥ
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СŮһĪȴҲĺˣûʦɱ֣
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Ӣɽ˫־ܵУؿŴ󿪣æǰһĴָ̽
ɽָཻ֪֮ͨһָҵľ룬Բ࣬һֻһȴӢͷ¡
һֵһģʵȴƷӢͷصĸִѨȫ棬óӢԱá
ҮƲ飬һȫɵġ׺ᡱǰ
ɽһһֶָȥЮȥţ½˫ȴĳصĵط˳ֳĽһйĹŮеġ̡ɽȥ
ɽסһоȻֲԷеĲ㣬Ȼɣͬһа㣬γһصȻϡʵϳŮĽеġرߵס˫֮ɽв죬ֻƾӲԾȥ
Ү˼һĮɽȥʹü˵ÿӳȥ½˫ĳӢæһŮġʱʻüҲɽȥ
ǺὣбҮ볤ңɨߣ½˫⽣ȴ΢΢ѣȴʹ˫赣ϳŮĽеһСױ
ɽؼ汸аֻ
Ү½˫֪ŮĽһ˵ֻΪ˾ȳӢϣʹȴŮĽȻһ±ѻɽԼȴȻɽŲæȥӢȻЩ죬Ҳϲ׿Ժϳһ׵ĽҲŶ˳⡣
ֵܺƼҮ϶βԭеԷޣȻϣҲģȻβδɱ֣Ҳֱ˸൱
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Ү½˫УǡֺϳŮĽеġɨѩ衱ٴνɽˡ
Ү½˫ԿһۣҲòԾˣಫ䣬по˫赣ӣϹèײӣɽٶȱƽʱȴ֪Ӧˡ
ͣӢһ𵲵ûɽУϳɱţ½˫ûѧķϲһأһкܶᡣһммɱ֣ȫ潣ͬǲŮĽ裬½˫ƾƽʱĹͼŮײҮճŮĽеȻҲҪͨǧѡԻɽٶȽ֮£ղΪ˾ȳӢʱⰵѾȻ޴棬Աƺæҡ
Ӣ״󾪣æһָ˫ɽȥ
ɽΪҮ½˫ʲôֶΣһǲ޺ţѾɣӢϣְҪĹֶηڳӢϡ
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һͬȳӢְŮĽеһСŪǹؼ汸ɽˡ
ɽ˺Ȼɼ䣬ӢָһСг彣ؿڣɽܲãȥҮȴֽһСաб̻ɽ½˫˫ֳסһСŮ洲족ٽϳһСٰüɽƵõ
ϧײʹУȻУǽɽɱôܲɡ
ˣɽҲǾһ亹ֻ˽лδѧɣѧ֮ﻹԼ·뵽ӢֲҲ˲ݣһ񣬶һ׼˹
ɽεԭֻغĪԵʱùûϵջᱻСƵòòñУպޣ¾Ҫȫڵ¡
ʱÿм֮ͷɽͷĳķ磬ֻɳƾˡǹܽڴֻ
ԭֻԴӹܽɽֵܱʱιڹܽȥ󣬸ȫϣɽѰܽͳӢֻһֱֵܡɽǰؽֵĳˣ¡
ɽһֻϵǹĳֻһ²кˡ
ؿභʱʤһУȴݾ˻ءҲѧмңһ֪书Լ֮£ϹټеŮֻµʱԼ׶༪١

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ǻɽ˫һƷ罫˫𿪣͵βǱߵսš
Ӣ˴һæϣֱָɽġ
ϻɽһŤŹֵشƼӹһƱҮͷ䡣
ֵȻڸǰȴβţ޷ȡҮգһнַɳֱɽġɽȴǰһŤȻʹӴС֮伷˹ȥһץסβһֽ̧ӳսţߣ
Ȼ˫һּΪŹֵҷֱߣֵ߷ڵأʱӢ½˫˫˫˵ĽδչɽһƼӢ½˫ĿŴ󿪣æһɽɽͷҲصһƼȥ
Үʱ޽ƼΣҼһײ˫»ɽһơ
һƻɽȫҮ뱻ÿѪ쵹ڵϡ
Ӣ־ŭɽ
ʱ˫£ɽսһΣӢңһμˣܹ˫˻Ȼתʩչߣһ·׷βȥˡ
ҮȴǴ󾪣æǰƣȴҮ˫ĿգֽѾ²ʡˡ
ʱӢǰҮˣҲǾţæֵܵ˹סѨˡ
ֵ˵죬Ŀȴİһʱ֪Ǻá
Ӣ̾˿ժߣѽ
ֵʲڴбųӢκѾЩɣֻûмģټϳӢƤߣʵǲǳӢڼӢ¶ĿҲǻϲæ̡ʦ壬ԭ㣡
Ӣ˵ͷҲˣֻǷҮ룬һָҪѨȻֵһ˻һ˻Լϥ˫ָɿصѨϡ
־˵ķӣһƴʦĲ֮أӢµҲ˲ˣֻʩΪѨչѻ͸ͬˮ̳һ
ҲҶҮڹƵ裬ȻԳӢĹҮ㲻ֻҲҪºܴ
ҮȻԸ˴᲻ֹƼȴ½˫˵⼸ԵΣ֪Үȷƶϵģ׷½˫ź½˫ͣ½ŲЦ˵ģôȥ磬׷ҡ
Ү½˫ʱѣҲ֪½˫Ǻ⣬֪书߳Ƽ̫࣬ôĸ磬ֻ½˫̸
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ʱӢ͹ѾָҮҲһսˣһսУǴܶߡֻҮδӢչöԷ˶ˡ
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ڻɽȻҲڻգ˲ɵþ롪ѵǽ³ʲôڻɽ
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ʱѾ׷˻ɽʱٻͷҲ̫ɻټϳӢĹѾȫָҮȻδҲһս˫ԼڻɽϾ
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ӢΪ¶ֲ⣬û뵽־ȻرǿʹóӢΪ
Լ£ߺתȥǷͲľأ
ۼƳܷӳȫʵҮ֧ŵĵĵزӢΪ𡪡ӲԼӦеʵ˱ذмС֣֮ҮΪưɣ

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¶˾ģҪһ֮ȫˣԸԼҲҪ˵ѡ
ʱ׷Ȼ˷˲ʱ䣬ҲóӢСָ󽣸ˣӢ˫ĽƴŴԪҲҪˣΪȡһռ䡪ȻӢҲ֪ҮΪ˺½˫Լ׽ԼȥµҲֻˡ
ҡ
ӢոջҶ֣һ߳һӰӹصԼԵеһ˴ȥءꡱԷúֱҲ۶ˡ
Ӣ֪Ԯ֣æתȥȴ²Ĺܽ
ԭܽգҲŰֻ֣׼ʱʩչṦ¶һһһɽ÷ּ֣סԵ󽻼֮䷢һұۻۡ
Ȼһ󾪻֮ʣһƺģǱѱӢ񽣱ƵæҵļһﵱѪ
Ӣⷽа˲þˣܽṦ׿ݵߡ
ֻܽʩչṦȺˣٺӢΧϣȺֱ𽫼¡
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Ӣܽñط꣬»ϲŹܽæ˽ܣȻֶŹܽʳʶ̡ܽҲԸ̸ֻ˵һֹˣסˣȻֱ߹ˡ
Үܽòޣֲо֮УӢܣ˵ܽǹͻصŮ¶Źֵɫ
֪ܽΪԼĸʦǰ˰֮ԲŻ˹ŹֵɫҲԸƣ󷽵
սٿȻһĸߴ͵ĿУ
ܽﰵ룬˵ԭеӣҲֻҮͺԼֵˣСԼʵûʲôȤҲʵԼеͷʹһƽѵԼҪһ﷢չչ
ɵòͷϸϸҮ롪ʲôã䣬ʵԼеԽܡ
Լʮ꣬Ү뿴ȥԼжʮˣ㱱ɳеϣԼʮеġ
ҿûᰡ
֪ܽԭеԼǲǱ̼ùͷˣŻѡҮһ곤ԼʿЩԽܵģ֮˱ȽϲϣԼҪһԼĸײ˶ٵ˽飬ٻеٵġ
ҮԹܽҲֻǾޣҲжôڡȻֿﻹǺо֮ġ
˻ɽ˸ջסһޣڶܽʾҪӢ˵Ҫ½˫ƼȥƼȴ˵ҪҮկΪҮһչҮвܵĵط
ܽѾӢ˵ƼľƼӣﲻеЦôûҮ붯ˣ
ʵܽǰͶƼûܺҮ𻨾ֵģаһ԰һȣһ֣ʽ޼ɺаˣѵΪԷɱ֮ӣ
ԭûпƼڳӢͣһ·ϿƼҪѹҳһսΪ븴ǻǰúǡ
ֻǹܽһûɵһؾ뵽ĽݸȻ뵽ҹ̽κׯ¡
ܽһֱܺڣԼΪʲôûƤߣ
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ܵ˵ǵùֵϣûƾԼṦôҲ˷ġ
ԹܽӢ˷ֺ󣬾ٶȴƤߡȻ֪ĽݼҵѾˣ»СΪϡ
ӢǴ½˫شˣܽҮһ·Ȼڹ֮˷֣ȥ
һ·ϹܽĹ۲ƼҮ룬ֶ֮Ȼ㺴ƼҮȴǶƼ֮ûκε֮١
ѵҮԭһһˣ
ܽ޷ȷһ㣬Ҳͬ޷ųһ㣬ֻðмӿ˽Ųȡһ˷֡
ͬ·һôǣҮ;вͣд书ʹԼɽ÷־˲١
ƼܽƵ·̸ڹķĽףҪȥɴȶǲʽǽˣ
ֻһҮе㲻ˣΪƼͱǿһЩϰȫƣҪǿˡҮҲֻóһ㣬ӦԺлҲѰʦ
һҲ˵ҮΪˣûеõܲͨ£ҲֻǴҮһЩǳȫ̸ڹķܲͨĶķûдڡ
Үֺ󣬹ܽŻë˻֮ǰΪǨǵٶȣһֱſܣҮ½˫ĲмֻǹܽҲ˵ƥվüģ·ң֪ʱ䳤ˣȻ֪ƥġ
ҮдĺôǣŶɽ÷ֵܽڹķʵսҲͻ˵ڰ˲㣬ùܽʵһٶߵһµľ硣ֻƾڹ;ĻܽʵѿŽǰʮλˡҪٵȸ꣬ȵܽ꣬ѧϵĳɾͣǾҪȫӵġ
ܿڵĳɾͣһҲܸ˵İɣ
һֱԼ۰мӵĻأܽͷһůͰѻصԼĸˡһֱԲ̹ܽܽϳ书ڻĻأ֪Ѿһڹķڰ˲ˣһϲİɣ
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ǣܽҲʹŵӰƤ߸ժĵ̣˭Ҷ񣿣
ɲհժ£ʹ˷ӿһؤ׷׽е
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ܽ
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˻أ˭ùܽûκηر§סأ
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ֻǹܽʱ䲻ǴƤߣڿĵطûؤ˾Ȼûֹܽ
衭һˣ
ܽڻصĻص
ӵܣҲһӱðˡ
ܽúÿ㣡
ܽЦӯӯλǣԼ֣Լ´һ顣
ܽ㳤أ
طૣٴνܽ˻
ʱһ꣬ڳʱڵĹܽȷҲһӣڻһĳɳ֣
ˡ
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áá
͵͵
ʱҲɿԼĻһϤӰҲ˶˵ߡ
ܽ
ͳһ˿̧ۿȥߴģ̫ɢһִȰĹâ
̫ܽΪˣô˽ɽ
ȰΣȴĳ
һֱ˿˼бڳָŮҲ֪ɷӣ˹ֶܽԹѽŮˣڽôˣ
鷳
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ɷı䣺ˣϳ̾ŮŮˣȴְһˣ׸˭
˵һ죬ҲͲ˵ֻǵ˹ܽһۡ
ܽЦ׸§סһֻ֣һھؼȥˡ
ҹؾչ죬³ճһϺþϯɷŮһúõһòζԴӹܽʧ٣ƶҹǣֻӣ޷Ǹգﻹ˼³
ϯܽԼʱ˴ȶΪʦԼɽǵ¶ĸ˵ˡ־ϲǰסŮһԣȻܽ񳤣ѾԶԼˡ
ȴȻ˼ҶݣҪ౨ȥɽǺ˰ɡ
ܽƲƲ죺Һ߹˼ǶﻹؤǰΰķأҿԺٲҲҪȥݼݼ
ЦЦǵÿգȥȥɽҲ뱲ӣһûȥɽأ
裡ܽúأ˵ʲô뱲ӣһ᳤ģ

ʮ ȥʤ

˹ܽ⻰ЦѾͷһ겻쵹ԽԽˣ
ܽȴĸ׵Цбʲôڣɵһ¡ѵؤ£ʱ䣬ҲȷǸÿʱˣǿղӣȻؤ˲٣Ҳûʲô֮ѵ˵ؤѾˣûСŮַӮ֮λˣ
ܽ뵽һ飬æŻص۾裬ʲôô
һ£ʲô£ûѽܽ˵ʲôأ
ܽӦĸ׻еʱˣĸ׸·󣬵ǿǷеӡ
ؼŮԼעĿɵһ죬ΪܽԼе£ɵЦܽ㿴ʲôأ
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΢죬¶һƬ飬Ҳȥסصļͷܽ˵ûҪСܻܵСˣ
ܽĸ꣬Ȼƺ֪дڣȴҲΪ˸еˡǸղŵһ˿֮ģҲʹɢˡ
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򸾼½Ӣһ⣬֮ζڣȻںͳϸʤһӦ½Ϸ򸾵
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βǽ侲ֻ䲻ɱܽܽȴҲòʮ־ܽ
ֻкȲϣѪϷɽйܽϲнģҲкβܽɽ÷ֻƴѪµģŮɵòԹһƽ˺ô
ʵʱùܽ䣬ֻ»ҲӦˡ
һԵˮͺ´ͨˣⶼúβԼ³ֻҲӮ٣ܴܽӣʵѵõúˣǱԵⳡȶҲûҪٴȥֻµۣһиʧܽôɵĺӣǽ
γ۹ܽһϵεƺ棬ԷռϷ磬Լƽ֣ԷֻҲϴӦģ
ֻΪƬ̣б仯
ܽţúβһбԼҼ磬ȥʱβйܽʺܽȴ˷ڲƵͬʱĺβؿڡ
βһ˿âнһҪϹܽľϵĶùܽʧȥսȴܽһץסβĽУһסβ֣ǿбƺβԼƴ
βһϹܽƣȻٽĲӡ
һ뵽ܽǴҲƵָƵƣоȻһͷ
ܽȴΪҪԼƵģɽ÷ֺͬʱ˹ָưӲȻΪָסβĽֻ˴߶ײβ
ܽһµȷǱţȻβǲ˼ƣҲܵСˣ˿ȴǲǳ
һβ֮ܽǴв硪ܽΪڳֻֻй򸾺ͽַɽʤǺβҲǷ֮ܽ߶ѪҺټӿ죬˿ڵѪͬСȪһβҲɫ԰ףǲѪʵڲףܽΪʲôôԼΪʲôϧܾҲϰֻƽ֣
һԿᶼҪˣŹ֣硭ǡ͡͡
֣˵ڣֻǿŹܽöѪܾ
̾һ˰ˣ
ؼѾĬ䶨ԾȥǱ߻³ҲæԾ볡С
һƽ֣Σ
ؿŻҧ
β̸֪ʱȿˣǴһģܽİӵİ¶ҪȾȫˣλ̵ȥ
ͷ˿ɽɽȴޱ顣
룬ɽոǿ̬ǿӲһβ֧ȥǵ˻ɽһʤܣҲֻ̫˸ʣԼʦ³Էǹ³ȻҲʤްܣȫˣлɽʦڣʱȫʤҲڲ֮ءҳԱɶԷģռʲôµģ
Ǳ˵ͷⳡƽֺˣѣҲŪ
˵Żһ۹ܽѾ֪ǹصŮСȻòǹͻصŮò书汸ˣеϧ⸱ģҲùƶ˵ҵɡ
ͬƽ֣ǰһֿˣ漴ܽ㵹˻ػ˹ܽ˿ڸѨŮ˻عߡŹܽ˿ڣһĿҲֹס˵ֱ
ְ裬ԲûӮأܽŹͻص
ֻǱŹܽҡͷ᣺ҪҪȻְôȺ˵ģ
һҲ۲ѣæûشܽȥˡֻǵ˵ͷһֵڹܽĶһȴɿù׼õĸɾײΪˡ
Ǳ߻ɽȴΪ˱ʵֻúβԼ˵Ϣ϶˷β߹ܽĸ׻еӣ̲סһ˿ŹǸĽɫ
Ҳ겻ѡͨղǳȶ翴β֣ܽԼⷽǻ´ͨǰ³ֻ½ҲòȥҹܽһεεСƴѪȾ߰£ﻹ˼ƽһûӮ
Ǳ߻ȴڳڣʴ˭³
ʱѾܽϢϣȥᣬѹܽʱߵĳӢһԽԶǿͣһԵǹ³
زˣȻԹܽ۲ѣ֪ĳ£ʲôҪģ
㶣ȴ־û⻰Ҳ޿ɷһ뼺һδܣָԱҲµġһҡҷ³ıСʦ֣֪󷽺³
ؿ˿Լߣԣ书Ӧ´ͨﲻʦֻ֣书Ҳλ³ǱҲرȵˣˮ³ҲδʤҲֻԼð³һˣ
Ǳ㿪ڵҷǡ
ոҪ˵һҡֻ֣¸һۣһɵɴҴܣûɲǼһ仰Ҳ˵ֻ÷СҧŴ
״󾪣֪ӸղԾʹֿβ͹ܽʱΪŮϢǣ̥æǰס֣ؼȺУ׼ȥҪΪˡ
֪һҪ³ο˷ֻҡֲӦ
һԺ´ͨ״ǰƶ޵꣬ҲЩ֮᪻ƶΪһɡ
´ͨﲻ׼ģԤ˾ϳҲǹоģԾǺЩҲر˵ͷǱͷˡ

ʮ Ӣ

Ǳ߻غɫͻ䣬Ȼ󱻹ߣ֪вд󶨣ֻ
ˮղִ˫Ҫ³
ʱӢѾѹܽһȥˣܽȻأѣˮӣ֪ãԳӢʦǻʦֵĶ֣ⳡˣҵҲûһʤġ
ӢȻ֪ܽô֪ʤˮģιܽܽԼһƬ֮ɫ֪ˣһϾˡ
ˮڴ֣֮ԭдܹ֪ܽһˮˣһҲ죬ʤһȻһ˿ɵɽеκһٿڽĵĳɶԷ˭ʣµʤһ֣ʤһƽĻӦӳʤǹͿٳһΣַܽ
ҳӢ书ǿֻ֮»в㡣ҳӢʵֻҪϻĵͣ˵ǧ
ʱˮѾߵУҪ˵Ӣȴ˫һ㣬ߵʦ֣һɣһɹӡ
ˮһ㶣ʦʤǷɮ
ˮʲ˺´ͨԻ书ۣ֪书쳣ܷóӢԼϳ
ӢȴЦʦܿ˸գ֮ʦɡ
ˮֱˬ֪Ӣһ洫ֻ˸յͷ˻ȥ
μȻһСй죬ǿ˸ղŹܽıֲ֣˵ʲôɹŷȴ˽ΪƲԼԲЩŮӦսֻлɽβ֪Ӣ书ʵͬСɣ
ȴ˵ӢһҡأղŹܽòɵĵ⽭ϹȻԼŮ󹦣ôʶպɹű½ϣЩŮȡ֮
½˫һԿһ˫۾ס㣬дŭˢذγŭȵӣһ˫ڿô
ʡδˣ½˫ҲǸòŮ̲סЦǴѵˣЩСսЩ죡
ӢʷЩ⽻ѵõЦԸˣαҪǴξӢ͹ˡ
ûϵӢһ͵ӣ˵ȴһʱ㵣ȻӲϿڡ
½˫׻Ҳûʱֹ˹ܽѹܽػֽЦӯӯһߣֻ۾ֻųӢ
ܽ½˫Ӣ֣ҲǸе죬Ҫϸ۲죬Ѿصߡ
ǱߴͲͨӢ˵˼仰ֻѾѻ˵ѾŻƽʦǰҲֻȥ
Ӣθݣͷ⣬ãȴִһѳصĻƽƣµҲ𻰣ֻǰ˫һڿƣȴ͹
ͼһСȻҪԼУҲе֣ɵ¶˼ۡ
Ӣֻ˴ԼЦУ㲻֣ҿҪ
Ҳ֪Ӣ˵ЩʲôӢθ趯¶ϷһӢ˷һָ⻢ڡ
ӲΪӢ֡һ´ñңʹ򼸺ȫ෴ϰýַڹķȻʹÿȻһǳɣû˿ӲһԵˮˣɵðԾ֮̾ΪӢ
ӢȴβָһһͽƵ֮ʳָһ̴ֱš
ֻһȻ֪ԷºһֻꡱһڽϣȻľཻ֮
ԹԭֻΪӢʹһָ˫֣ΪӢѪָ֮ʮĽƵģϳӢָ㣬ȻܹţǴоȡ
߳Ӣһг䲻ĵֶ֣Ѿ಻
ӢܽдʱȻ񽣣ǶָȴǴޱȣ˫ָʹһ·ʳָãβָĹس彣׾ȴֵĽֲĲ֮
Ҫ֪񽣣ָΪβָΪس彣׾ʵǴ׾ָκһ·ศ
ΪַӣȻ˼򵥣书ϵȷҲв裬˼³ӢĽųӢĽƷҹ
ӢĴָ̽һָƶһߣ漴ָг彣һֱ˴š
Ͳ֪Ӣָֻܼ˶ָҵľ룬ΪӢŵ㣬ƫ׶Ȼ˫ƣһתӢ
Ӣ˫٣ΰ𣬰а˫βָٳΪβָЧҲѣʱƵôɬ
ʱɽڽַ˵˼䣬ַüͷ壬òԴͺ˼䡣ʽһ䣬ؿȣʹһסϴƷ
ƷǴǿգһƷʩչƾˣȻҲܾţһԵˮҲòԼ书Уʵû˸͵
ӢƮͬһֻھκƮҡСڴ͵ĿָǴȴֻǲԭղŻɽѾַ߽Ӣָ˽Чɱ˾룬ʵֻһңԶĻûʲôЧˡ
òͽܣ³ӢĽøھ־Ӣˡ
һýʹھ۴Ƶĳȣͳ˳Ӣ񽣵Ч롣
һӢ޹Σ
½˫д󼱣ֹܽñ³ɵúݺݵ˹ܽһְۣϳֻվͦǰⳡҲñˡ
ӢȴԼĴ㡪Ȼ书;ףǳӢܽڴֶΣܽʱõǧƹҲͬ͡
ȻܽûдˣǶڳӢ˵սİҲ£ȻУǧһ֮ʶ˿ȥֻǿڳľ½˫ѾҪԾ볡Уȴֵס
ѾΪԼһֱռʤƣԺûֻһ׷ųӢӢȴͼؽ䴦ͼԼ·˷ܣн׷ȴϳӢȻһ죬ָ˾ָ˳ڴͽϣо𣬽ַɳ
ԭͼӢһֱûϵȻѪָ֮ǿԼıһŲ֮ʽϣȴӢǧнƻַȥһԵǽҲƳһ󶴣һʱ䳾
Ӣȴָʹ쳣ȻʹʱָǿֱȥԷشʮ趯Ļƽƣȴв㣬˳ŶԷټһҲóӢָ𣬰ʹˡ
ӢѹͷѪڣҪ˵áȴȭųӢ
һԲɵа̾Ӣ̫ʵԼһԷϱȦˡԿֶԵжԷִУѶԷд䣬ѾǻʤˣȴΪֱӵŶԷ䣬ȴöԷȭŹˡ
Ȼһ书ڱϣȭŹȴҲףʩչҲһơӢȴʹޱȣֻβָĹس彣ӦУʳָʩһָԷֱϵѨ
һʱӢȻƣ˿ȴѾתΣΪ˲١ΪѾѶԷ䣬˿ȻƵĳӢ˵ҲзΪʤҲͲ̫ΪӢġ
˭֪ӢڽпࡪղڵȶԷ䣬ʵǶԷƽϾʮ㣬ԼȻʩɾԷ֣ȴԼָһʱٶ
Ҹղͬʱ·ĹɲͬĶͬʱתӢԪһʱѪڣһںͷʲôҲ˵õϢѹĿڵȴȭٶȹϡ
ȴ˵͵ȭŹϢδƽ֮ǿе󽣣ͷ׶û֡
ȭŹҲȷڱϵı죬ȻӢֻеӦУȴ󽣽ȥԷѪȭͷһ˫˫ۣǰ˫綼ƶദѪע¡
ǰֻһƴʦѧоһָԹţϿöʱȴӢָһָྶͥӢһֻϵһָ񽣼ʹãûؿߵĲͬߵˮӢ׹ǲһƴʦ
ˮŹͷ׹Ҵûʦ⣬ʦҲû˵ʲôʦ书ϲҵȡ

ʮ ƽһ

ʲôؼˮ¶ŵı飬к棬Ҳʲôɻ䣬׷ʡ
ˮʦ˵һŹ򣬽񽣣ԭҴµ֮޼ͬɼ·ģǷëǣѵʦ׹򣬾⴫е񽣣
ҲҸ˵˵һ׽񽣵书ǽھΪ书Ѿʧȴڴ˵üʦҲ츳ˣ
ˮⷬɮʵ³ֻҲδʤɹ֣ս֮
Ϊľګһֱûв廰ˮ仰Ҳüͷ
ܽüͷչ֪£ְֱģԺĽ֣Ȼкһ֣αڴ˶ǡ
ŮʮһϳɵοԼҲϲ֮еЦŹܽͷǰܽô书裬ԺνɽҪأ
ܽЦȴ롪̰谵ĳ͢ұʲôԸңһʾѶȻȽϵһ㣡
˽иı䣬ӢͬʩĽͬʱûеϢϢȻһֻͬʱǿʹһָ񽣣ʵѾҲȻ˿ԽԽ࣬ӢҲɫԽԽ԰ףǱҲѪ
½˫д󼱣ʱȴֻԱ߿šΪֵܵΪӢòռϷ磬䣬½˫Ҳеòʧ
ȴҲнп಻Ѫó⹦ѪеĲ㣬ҲԽԽ㡣
ٶʮУӢʹͶҡҡ׹ֻ˶䣬ͺһ䣬кȣȭкرŲֻһӢȥӢΪϢңѾʩչṦչŲֻһغˡ
˫ȭһһַݳÿһȭֱӢؿڣӢ֪ԱڹԪŬԼҲǽŲǧ񽣽ҲҲʹá
ҺóӢʹ˫Ҳһָʳָ㣬˴͵ÿһȭ
Ƭ̼ʮȭӢ˵ǽǣҲ·ˡ
ǿڹǰĹܽһҲǻԡѪϣðѪ˿ëȻ
Ӣǽڣ˫ʳָһָϵÿζ׼ȷصڴ͵ȭ֮ϣֻǿڽѪҲԽԽࡣ˫˵ذ壬Ŷڵ£Сȸ䣬ϲϷѪ˫ȭԽԽȴԺ磬ֻиǿ
ˮд󼱣֪ӢʦͽҲʦΨһ洫ӣиʲôʧʦ𣿸οпʧõ񽣣ʲôء
ֻƤԹ͵ܣ㿴һǲҲ
ӢͬڹܽȻñ˵ðգˮ˵ϱͷӦʡ֪ҲǴƽʣµĹһˣѴӽַɽȡʤҲ֪ΪˣҲ޷衣
ֻȻߵУԻһֿҲƽֿɺã
ĲӦĽǶȣñ͵ĸߴӰ裬ӢҲѾѪϵͬţҲ֪ǿ֮ĩһӮôһù˵Ȼ֮ãϾͽ˹ƽֵ顣
ͬƽ֣ϴֱȥȴ۽Ǻַֹ͵ϮҲ˹ԣһĳȥͼ֣ȴʹɾ˴͵ݳȭͷһһף׻ؼȺС
ַһд֮ɵһݣһգһнʮе󴨣ַƴһơ
ַƾҪʤһĶãһֻȥͽܣȻֻʹĹһһɣóʣ书ڹ͵Ʒ£ټϽַóƷһ±˰
ֻ˼ȥַȴֻ˼Σ˰벽ֹǹúжӣӲͦһһʱֻؿڷ쳣һѪӿ
߳ӢȻ£Ҳ֪ƽǸĽԹͷЦЦʾл⣬ȻתԼȥ
ԭǰӢȻת߿ҲǰˡϾ˼ҲǸ
½˫ʱȴǺһ㡱㽫Ӣ§סصλϡ
ϺδȡʤôҲûʧܣټҲȷþĶǣ˵ҲȷǸ쳣ԶˣҲûʲôɱԹġ
֪ԭʤʹͣ˶ȡɵģƾ湦Ҫ϶һĳӢȴʵʵشӲƴһսӢ书裬ʵѳԭϰ˲бˡ
β书֮в㣬ȴѳ˴ͣܽƽ֣ʵҲѾǲˡ
ҹܽӢֻʮ꣬巢δɣȻʮʱȡ
˵ܽһԿ½˫ųӢޣаѡԶʮһͣȻ֪ʲôǰٺϣʲô˿ڿ½˫ˣǶԳӢ⣬ֻǲ֪СһʱԣѾ֡
½˫˫һϳӢľҪӢˣӢȴƵҡҡͷȻֵܸԼˡ
ֵǳӢͬţȻΪȲϳӢˣƽȣǺܸģټӢڹͬԴͬΪӢˣȻ˳µ¡˵ӢҲǲԸñۣȻ͵½˫֡ϳӢ֮࣬ڶԣֻʾֵܣ½˫ӢԼֵ費ͬϲ¶Թɫ
ܽһԿ亹ֱȻΪҲ½˫˿˵ҪѳӢˮһ;˼Ҿ簡
Ǳ߻ˮս󣬱ʾһԼ¡
ǰս˫ȫսƽܽҲϲԭΪӢʤ͵ģû뵽ֻսƽɸղſ͵书βҲȲϻܽаڣ֪ˣӦԼս͵ģʤһ֣ںβóӢԸԳӢأ˵Ҳƽ֡
֪վֻǻ룬Ҳֻܸ̾ıʷ治Ǽ׵£
뵽֪Сӵȥڳƾľ񹦣϶ʤ͵İ
߹ܽں˼룬ǱˮͻѾ֡
ˮڹǿ⹦Ĵ򷨣ߵ͵·ӣȴɵ·ӣһѾд㲦ȫˮϣÿζˮĹ𴦡
ˮκε˻ȷͻ䣬Ϊ԰
ˮͬһ㽻֪ˮע˫ʹڼ湦ˣҲʮֵľ񣬽չʹѸ׹ˮǰһССȣʹ֮ȻƲˮ
ˮվһţһζȫͻ֮£ˮұۣһ۰ˣδ۶ϣٴȥҲǺˡ
ԭȺۼսһƽ㶼̾ѡȴɫֻó־ܼ䣬̲סЦֹ
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һ½˫Ӣ˫Ʒֱֵ֣ǲ죬ּղᱡӢĻڴЦ̲סŭ²ЦʲôЦҲˣ
½˫һŹٱȻƤוüͷ΢壬˫ĿԲ¶֮ɫҲһòŮɵ
ԭǸˣһŮִһʤ̣־ⲻЩΡǱ½˫¶ЦλﲻϲЦôϲСʲôСһ㣡
½˫ܲ˼°γָŻЩʲôСҸι
νȻҷ緶ԹǳҲ£ֻЦȻҪ½µȻҪˡһɲǿʤһˣҿɲһ˴
½˫ҪԼ֣ҲղŴ͵Ĺǿ˵ģʦܣ书Ե·Լ϶Ķ֣³˿Ц
ƽʱҲͰˣôˣֵǰοʧ棿οгӢڳ

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Ӣ½˫γҲǽ֣³ȥֻ֣ǿԼֵϢ
ʲŹܽܵˣҪˣԻƬ̾ܵãӢȴˣֵڹҪԶѷڻأȻһʱ̾ܺõ˵ġ
½˫ԥиӵ⣺λﲻ֪˭ʦкδ
½˫Ӣ۾ҲԼһۣ࣬Ҳû뵽ӢˣûֻǶһһ߶ԻǹĹɵĴ½˫Ĺ򣡡
½˫ԱǹĹɵģ´ͨﲻԿһۡ˾֪ĹɵֻСŮĪˣСŮڹĹʽ£½˫ʿ֪Īˣֻǲ֪ôͳӢһ
ϲɽ׵СŮǹĹɵģĪҲֻΪ˳ĹѣûƣԽ˶֪Ĺֻ֪֮ɽһĹĹһŮĪʦãﲻ䱦ؼһ½˫ʦδţֻǶĽɫϣЦĹɣʦѵסĹĲɣǲʬ
´ͨﲻϱɫ˾֪Ĺʦ輰ʦȻȻɫڱ䣬˱Ҫ³ƴһ
ʱȴһ˶𣺡˫輰ʦţôֽѵѵֵ̫֣ͣ
ô߰ȴ˶С˾㶼һ׷תͷȥ˴һǸӻƵ۵ŮӣǳĪģȴһʮ꣬һ£һ˫۾ԴЦ⣬һģȴǲκׯеꡣ
ܽдһͻ㵽Ӣ󣬵һԼҵ̣ʲôµģԼҲû͵ʲôֻܿǰʲôˡ
½˫Ī֣һʱ彻ӣȻӦֻǴؿĪ
Ī½˫ڵһôʦҲݼô
Īԭֻ½˫Юƣʲ½˫ӢֹܣϳӢǵ½ׯʱǸСŮӣȥ½˫ˣֻѾ䣬תȥ
ϴʱȴʴʣĪĪ±Žѵ½˫ż
ϵĪֻǸòʮͷòŮӣвɵÿԵЦ䣬ȴöһߣһɱû̲ס˸䣬һ䵽ߵĻȻ˻ȥ
ߵĵȻǻɽ
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ܽЦסص֣ĸҰںǱȣ˭ǿ
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ַδɣ֧漴ʹ󣬽ͭǦ·ɣȴƾһ˫ڽַġãŪýַΪֻ̣Խ

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ĪܶǴ䳰ȷֻŲΪڡ
ĪӺ֮ǣǶһ꣬ȴ²ɱ֡ζ֣ĽԼҴתƹӦԣҲֻǽߣգβ
ĪǶ߽֮ȻȺк籲½˫̷ңҲֻǰĪķԸ£ȲҲûеѾľ飬ôĽľĪΪ£మźǵ½չԪһҲӭ⡣
ɴ˽ģĪȻĬĽ棬Ȼչ͸Īһ֮ңĪҲָˡȵ·ʤʱĪȻʮ仰ʱشˡ
籲һпֺЦֳԾ
һǳԾʦȻ˼ԴɫһǸĺӣǺЦʦѾʮȻᱻһкÿ飬ʵ籲
ʵĪԼҲףôĪкԼģȻẦԼߺŷȥ
ĪߴˣǳӣȴôҲ˿ڡ˪Լôôݵ£˶ˣ¶ϰˣ
վĪһţŷһƴ´ȥĽȻãŷ磬ĽҲȲּĪӾæһҲȥ
Աߺ籲״󾪣ֵܼͷҲͦŷֵʹһָͻ־壬ȥֵܺͺ籲Ūһͷˮͷԡ
ȻŻعְ˽ŴߴҷСۣ׷ȥѰӢĪˡ
Ȱĸ˶ҵʱѾ˺֧֪ܶ䵽ʲôطˡ½˫ãϾڼˣͨˮԡĪʶˮԾͲˣ½˫ȱҵȴεĽ廳ˡ
ȵĪѾƫ˺Ҳ޿κΣ߸һһС˳£Ȼ˾ȡ
˭֪ŷȻߺ󣬾ֵ书ʵУ׷Ҫȥҵ书ˣɱһͷĿ־塣
ֵܺͺ籲ֻڽѰҳӢˣȴûעⰶϻиŷԶԶš
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ĽȴǲϺʹҲսԭԽĪоԽ⵽ػʹ̣Ҳ޷ĪС
ֹŷڳԾȴһתۿĪҧĿ͸ף͸һɺݾһ㣬˰ӡ
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ĪŭǿڴʤˣʤҲܾȳĽģؼǣﶼ֪ˣ
ǼĪȻӦ޸ֹҪҪĽԼϲơ
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Ӣֵؿ常ô书ǲֹ˭ǹôô֪ȫģҲֻ֪ա
ǳ˳飺ҡҲµġô
ܽЦ黨ô֪ô⣬ֻҪСǸʲôĽŪˡ
Աϲæǰ֪ôⶾ
籲ƲƲ죺ֻôʦҲһܽ⣡
籲Ī꣬Ȼµóʲô⣬ԲŻô˵
ܽЦЦ籲ʲô֮ȴǺһ⿴ҪܽóҰͷ㣡
籲ʦһֱ߽Ҳ˹°ӣĪӱˣ籲ȴƢԼԲѷЦã㵽ʱɱʡ
ЦҪⲻô죿
籲˵ô죿
̬˰죬һ£ô
籲ŭҪνȴ۽һ£˳һţЦ˿㣡
籲ҲͲסһѰγȴһȻѾʣһ롣
ԭղѾþ񹦽ýҪˣ籲һ飬Ȼֻܳһˡ
籲书ˣһʱס֪ô졣ȴЦӴԭǱϽҲ̫СȥһѽɣȻɽѵң
ֹ˲ԼֻԼһ˵Ц΢ŭλԶǹͣ񣬱֮ãͼԣҪ⼪ʱ
ܽǹ񣬹ʴ֣Ҫùֹ˵ȻֽҳĽġֹȻܲüٺҲûˣ
γؽ籲ȥãСãҲò˶ʱ䡣
Үʱ֪⣬ҲǰֻעŽַǱߵĶ

ʮ 

籲һ޽ֻܹͷٶȣãȻȴ͵ؼһվں籲ӡ
ַ֪һ˺ͻɽ书ߣʴϣһȥһǿ֣һȫҪһɹ
籲Ҫ󱳣ܽǰһӢġһ桱籲ƿǹģ
ʱһѵǰַɳֽһӲϣӼΪѣַһӳ˳ٹյ
ü˳ֻ籲ִ֣Ȼһִڶͷ޷棬ͬһĽԼײæлӴֿɥؽϻȥ
һϲھϣٽһֻͣ۵һ죬ཻɥʱϳ߰˽أ·ɢ
ӴУã
ȴǿɥ֮ɢɫɫĶƮɢȥɥͷΪпգÿһض֮ʱųһʱھٽɥϣ¶ƮһԾ˫̽һСлڡЩƮɢ
ϧܽгˣ˧вЩˬ
ֻǿվ·紦ľȵӣ׷ж
ֹŭæδжӾˣж̧Ѱⶾҩҵþиҩڶֳ࣬ӰжȻܲɥ
ӼԼ٣־ŭŶδɢǰղһʵѪڲѣϢһплһ¾ͽɢԥ䣬һսҰӲִоӭֻžһͬߵķݰ⡣
ַȻղżɽʧһУܾǻɽдȴôҲû뵽书Ȼ潻һ֮ڱ㱻٣
Ǵ֮¹˲ݣ˫ֱġ
籲ʱҲ֪ǽԼȥˣҲס֡
ӢַӺлֱ̧һ̽ȥƵýַԾȡ
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ҮȻܽĹϵĴǣȻг̴ֱͺģԾȣҮƼ֣Ҳǵסȡ
ʱѾת֪ʣµǽַʦͽ֣ҪıʩԮ֣ȴӢ˫ӣ񽣽ɵһ£ܽȥ
ܽ˵ͷ˼񽣵ȷԼġ
̾˿Գһɰɥɫ֪ܽںڡôõֺóӢĻᣬȻûаס
һԵ֣һŶۼؽɻɽʱȻɣٿһӵɵֱĶͨƳɡ
Ҫ֪ΪѵãֻҪڲмһ㣬Ѱպ⽣һΪ콣µһ챦ɦŪܹġ
һϾȥҪӲͬᾢ
ԭ飬֪ҪὣҲ㣬ֻ޲ϽδáʱĦǼסһշ˫ȭֱ
ĦǸղżɽӵ³Ҳ֪⽣йŹ֣סֻεýĽѹ£ȻֶԵС
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ͷȣ޲һڻĦȫޣ
ʱĦǷ𣬵ͦͳкȵúˣ
˵ɿһת˫ӭдһԾԨ
ԾڿĦཻһ°ĦǴݶʯƺϣͷת
ٿһһϲֻ˽֣ž;þӿֻ˫ȫҪסƣȴֻ顱һ죬ǿվסһƬҰףǱҲѪһؿڣֻľȻվڵأһҲƶ罩סһ
ǰùһֻö죬һ鱦Ľ飬Ľ鱦ɢһء
һعͷȴܽͳӢ籲˱ַ
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ȵӡĦǺַѾѹܽͳӢ˫־ֱ籲ɨȥ
ԭַ֪ӢĽܼԶּܽбԼʮӶᱻȱҪº籲Ϊʣ
ĪԼͽƬ̼㶼գҪ֣ȴֹһסҳ׵Ĵӣôܶ䣡
ĪŭѵҪҿԼͽô
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ʱһ³˵ҼҹϲӣλʲôԹ벻Ҫڹڽǵȹ˽˵ɡ
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Ҫֹ֣ȻôĻһǦһ롪Ȼ޷棬ʤڳޱȣټע޼᲻ݡ
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ܽһԼƣǹŪҲҡͷѡ
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籲ʱѾĪһһ̴ȥĪеʦ£ղŹ˵ܽ黨֮
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ܽȴһһ֮治С黨ãⷨȻҲǴô룬ѵֻһܵõⷨɣ
ֹһ㶣ĪѾһкȵ޳Сˣҡѡų

ʮ Ѱʯ

ĪҪ˵ҵĽ廹ҡ˵һ룬ĪͻȻĽ岻ʲôˣûƺֻӲ˿ڡ
ȴ˵ʱһС˫ȡˮٶӡϽַ˫֣ýַһΡΪֱŷȫУҪʴ˫һͳ˿
ֶַһƺ󣬲ӦһСʱȥַƣַۼ仺ȴԽԽڵֻ֮˫Ͼ٣Ųߵĵطʱ˫ƴڽַߣѪ
籲ʱѾסһ̣Ҳˡ
籲Σ˲ýַæתһһ̴
һʲѼڽ»Ƚ籲ƿȻһȥֻһ죬һ̵ĸȵʱַȥ
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ʱֹҽˢˢˢʹǵеĹĪһ䡣һߵĻʹͼʦѪأæƿߵĶ֣ǰȥʦ
ַѪԣԴ͵ʦʦ㿪·
˼ϲթ½ַڱϣŻȥϻƿΧƼҮ󣬲ںĴͣǼӿŲǰȥͷҲڵؽеʦ֣Сܻزرڼ䣬ʮҪȺСӣΪʦ㱨𣡡
ʹŭ֪˻ĵֻʦڱϣôҲ޷ˡ
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˶ˣҲ֪ͷˣֻǰʦڳߡַѪԣҲǻɵˣٲߣѵҪڴˣ
ͼߣԼʦȴǲ϶һʱҮ롢Үࡢ½˫Ƽ˺ϹһˣʱæңʦߣȴҮɹͨɹŻַ֪ɹŹʦټϿܻ֮ƭ̾˿ͣŴȥ
ͻԡѪֻǶҮ˫ֺʲһַȥˡ
˷һ̣ٶ׷ͣһѾѹĦǴһǣ Ȼ˫ץһĺмһ飬ȥ
书÷ŵһ书󹦡ֻһشĴʯڿмתһҷ磬
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Ȼʱ˰æûоȥĴ˼ɡ
˫ۣȥֻһȻ죬ʯȻɼ׹ڵأҲ˫۾ԭõĦ׷ȥ޷ʯ顣
ĦǼȻܵʯͷҲһϾһʯͷΣֻٴ˽ȥʯȻҲ飬ȴûղɺԶɢܡ
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ʱҮѾͦͿֵķһ̶һܽĦռϷ磬Ѿ̽ԾȥˡӢȻûʶһ㣬ǼܽȥĦǣҲ֮ϣ½˫Ȼǽ㣬ҲǴӵۼй
ĦǼƲãһ˴ͷߡ
ĴļδƵΧʣµȴǴ⼸ֱֹȥ
ֹʣµѾ֪ܳȻߴˣ˵һԵһװõĻƿߣֺڽϣȥǻƿ
ʱѾ˽Ȼ֪ǿȢΪ޲ԣϾԼףôҲܿűйԼףȻ֪Է˶࣬ҲԾͦȥ
ʱֹѻƿһ⣬еذһţֳһԲɵĴ
ۼ⣬翴ֹȥ⻨ƿ֪ӦֻܴһСĻأ
Ȼһֳ籲ԾݶʣµΨһһ
Ǳ߹ܽͳӢĦǣҲȥ׷ϣعֹأԾˣܽһѾƼӢһҮ࣬ṦǼһˣȴȻڰתԾʵء
Ī״Ҫȥ壬ȴѾˣʯѾϡ
ֹԷһ򾡣ԭ֪лأҲͲ³ڴҲһпл£Լ磬һгͼʹùֹûˣԼŮȥȻҲһȥˡ
ֹûЧĪĻᣬæ˵һӣȻˡһ̼״Ҳˣ׷ʦȥ
ĪҲȥ׷ϣ漴ȥˡ
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ȴ籲ߺ죬յһ˫۾Ƥ΢΢ͷһ仰Ҳ˵
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籲ͷߵҲˣõͲŵⲻ㣬Ϊ˾ңһҪлأ
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ܽԭΪԹදģֺͺ籲вˬһҲ棬˼Ƥ񣬱ܽһУҲϷգ
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ֻ֪ʹܽʲô°
ܽһۣô㶼ˣĽأѵֻŮˣ
αܽŮӣȻ죬Ҳûа취ôأ常أҵȻҪˣ
ŷ˿ܱڻңԭҵΪйĵͼȷԲٶĶȥңοҪȥǧڵʯߡ
ܽµĵطͬһϵͳܸöͨǧǱߡ᲻ǧ£ṦУԭͽʳʯߣҪȥɡ
ܽȥɽǧߵʯߣȥѰҡ
˵ܽ书ߣӦ÷ֿжܽ籲˹෼ģʴһļϣͬȥ˺ɽȴҮŮȥһҡ
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ܽһۣ˭ܽģƤҲ̫˰ɣ
ЦЦܲһֱܽɣҮ붼ܽˣôУԵ֡
ʵڶʮһͣѼ¶ֱȫǣܶС˵˵ֻգܽǴӶʮһģƽʱעЩڱˣžõȷˡֲö˵ҮһܽáΪƺô붼úܶġ
ܽ㡣ӦþԭеʥԭеĻɽӦȥˣǺӦһ˻תȻǱҪôҪôѻɽЩ书󣬴ɡҲʷľƫϵͳɡѧôɽа书ԺǴɣҲʲôˡ
Цɺ书·޹ء˵ԺǼؤˣʲôɣ
ܽƳһۣô֪Ҫ
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ܽһҶǶûʲô뷨ͱҵԧˡ
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ܽЦŵĳ㲻׼ȥ͵ô

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˵˭Ƕʸܽŭ
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ܽ˵ͷڹã㺰
ЦԼڹҲҪ
ܽһŮӼҼҵģûҺʲôҺ͹ûʲô顪˵Ϊ㴴ֺùأ
һ£ȻЦ㻹ǸǰһҺŮһ
ܽˣһŶðɵöԵ˼ңĺ󹬰
Ӣ½˫һˣҪٲ֣ǵ˼䱯簡
ܽѵһȺŮ˶޸ϲˣ
һЦ˿ܣҺˣעⰡţ
֪ܽ⣬Ҳȥֻ˴ߡ
ɤӣȻɤӺá̡ࡪá
ߺ߿ʼṦĴĸøһ㡣
˰죬ĳӯԽԽ߰Ȼһظţ೤
ܽȥļʾͣ£ȻлӦҲ
һĴȣ飡
ǿʼÿͣûʲô
һȻֺ˼Զƺںҡǡڡ⡪
ܽһۣȻʼѭȥʱ㷢˱ôһض
չȥȥʱѾϣȻϡϾض̫
ºǹô
ʱ洫ô
ֵ㻹ô
Ƭ֮𣺡Ƕãأ
Ǵ͵ôǶãͱǣ
ԭ嵱ʱ͹׹ѨһƬˮ̶һƬ˾ŵ˱ǵʤζܻˮ֮˱űԳŷĵطȥ
֪ĴĶֻ¶Щˮޣæøҳ·
æҵһߴұϴʯæŹȥ
֪ǹ֮Ů֮ǰչǾʾ֮ͬ⣬ҲΪǿѣǵõ˱ȽϺõĴĻ£峤һƴʦȱΪӰ죬ôܿŹȥһֱŹ࣬һǰȥ
Ŀӣȥڹ޼ϣŵȶˣһһԵϢıУ
屧Ź˰Ҳһֻʱ㱧ʮ壬Ѫյʱʱ˸µŮѪšҵö׺ڰ˿Էϱ飬ֻڴڵش
ö˴ϢԶȴʯɦ֮ȳϢŨ֪йˮ̶æұǰȥ
Ҳ֪˶ãովúɦϢȴǰִˮ˽˺Ȼ֪ܽһĳѨ
ʱ⣬ùýཻʱŷĻ۲ǰˮ̶ֻǴԭǴ˹ѣˮ̶ģȫ㡣ˮ̶ʯһźӰӣǸʲôͨڡ
룬ڴ˴ƴһιȥ
೤ڹУӾˮ̶ǻӾҲܲ㡣
嵹ʶˮԣȴ޲ߡµҲֻһƴˮȥϰɹ಻ͣûʯ˲˲ɱ㡣
̶֮࣬һֳָҲҵţ׼ʱһָϹ۾ҽʱڣܿɱ㣬æŷʳͬʬ壬û˹ð˹ȥ
ŵûֻܽ壬ȵ϶԰Ϊ̶кƱߣˮʪ͸ǡ๦ǳֱȻҲ䣬ҲҲѧϴڹģֿסϺ
ûа취ֻýᱧǰδ־ůһŷ粻֪ɵȥˡ
öͨͨǧߣ˫һ̸£˸ݡǧ߼౧ΪŮɣʵһƴʦˣ֪֮ҲûԼŮҪԷơѼǧ߿˵ּ毺ãǻ𣬼֮ղŶ˹ѹأҲ⣬ǧΪĸֻ˵˵ȴ£Ҫر֪ſɡ
ǧдŻΪʱȴǳӦ
ʵԭֵܾΪ֣ʵֻһֿǿǵġʱǸûʲôøУͷϵıҲ˼ռͻΪ͵ܡ˭ǱԼСأ
ʱܽѾԱߵԽƤҲæ
˵ǧǲѾǾˣ
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ʱܽƤҲ㹻ˣһӡ
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ֵ̫ŲʲôöʱΪǿɵװʧ֣ˤȥˤ
ܽڰͬѧ˼֪ô
һ£ãٽǸ˺òãֵӲʱˣмӣҪڰֳأֺңһ治ϰߣ
ܽЦЦȥĿ飺ǧߵȷʲôˣԸҲΪԱŤ˲١Ŀǰֻһǵ̫ţʲô¶ûôȥ㲻Ϊ˷ֹһװͰɷɱ˰ɣ
Ĭ˰Σ˵úܶԣҿǲܡǧܸиɣ
ܽΪ֪ҸĸɱŻôµģֻҪϵ˵ˡ˵Ͼʦãܲܿ·

ʮ ǧ߶

̾˿ðɣģôģ
һŶԲߣһ߰Ӹˡһ߰ӷȥһºҰӷˣעⰡһ㣬
ʱ洫лл磬ˣ
һִ磬Ұˣɣ
һţһ߶ԹܽͦģӦòǸŮӣǧߡ
ܽ˵ͷû˵
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͹ܽһۣжԳһ˿ΡΣǧʱѾˣõģ
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һװʧ֣ǹܽ˵öԣΪһпܷҪɱֻʵʵذ
ǧߺ󣬹˶Ծǧ˭ǧߺŵ˵Լǹĸס
ǰְӸȥһѹһ塣ΪȻùĸŮˡ
Ȼۣ࿴ۣߺ棬̧ͷҲֻð̾
֪ܽڵʱΪҪȺ籲빫һȥֳɵŮֵǰǧδҪȢ࣬ĸ˿ɹͷ۵ģ
˹ܽһۣûص㶮ʲô
ܽһ⣬˻΢ŭҲ
ȵҲʱ˻ŷԭĸ״ˣԼȴִӡ
ŮϣǧȻڣҲ·ΪŮǲ۵ģ£ȻǶѾĳЩˣֻûʣˣ͹Ҳ˵
ܽ˲Ͽı飬̫ˣȻǿȥȱ˰ɣ
ǧһԵʲôˣ
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Ŷһˣ֪Ķ
ǧߵеǵҶؾȣʱҪ˭Ҳˣ
͹ܽһۣ֪ǧ⻰˽ģҲʵ飬û岻֪֪ǧݣǰϸϸΪ˽˵һϣ˳ǧ߶ؾȡ
ܽᡰߡһֹȻ޳ܴȴǹģôõˣ˵ʲôأ
⻰ᣬȴӲǧߵĶ䣬´ŭҲȶ꣬ԭѲģҲԼȥȡ
ʾ䣬߲һöѾѿڷУֱܽѨ
ʵǧҲɱֻܽҪ飬Լ£ûѡ
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˳ְѽعܽϣҶ˲ðǰ֮⣬ȷǰ˵ǰ£ҵȲ룬ʹ˸ǣ
˵ǰԹһ￴Ҷ˸ղԮֵķϣѻ֮ǡ
һĸףֿһ壬˶ûзԣŵҵλá
лֿһ壬¶ЦԶ˹˹֣ͶλҶˡ
˵ͷҲŹܽתߡ
߳һξ룬廹û׷˾ԣżӿ˽Ųûȥ
ܽ̾һȷʯ빫෢ʲôˡȻôᶪԼĵܵܣǧߡһأ
ǶԭԭֵܺƼҮĸ鷢̫죬еţڿʱŮ֮飬֮ʱĿͰ飬Ҳضð
һ۹ܽΪ㲻һ飡
ܽЦֵͬʱһҲ̫˰ɣ
ЦЦû˵ȴؼӿ˽ŲǻǿȥһҰɣ
ܽԼ֣üȻҶǴӶʮһˣǾǸʱҲŮְɡҪڳ֣־е̫⡣
ڹܽ˼ʱȻɿָ֣ǰǰӦǻ˰ɣ
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濴ȥֻһˣвʧ
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Ҳٴ˳ִһȻæϣֻǧ߶ȨɹȻҪˣ
˳ˮңæʯݱȥ
ȴ˵Ǳ͹ܽߣȻǧ߱Ͼǳö˵ʲôֻʯݡ
ǧֹ֪ܣΪǶȡȵʱùټڵӣ곤ģϵǧߣȻǰϡĵȻϵ֤ҹֲֹ֪ȥȻҲ
ǧѿ˾棬ҪȥѰܵܡȥѰңߵһ룬ȴһѺҮӢ
ԭҮ˳ҹѰˣȴطĶ֮ļͷȥѰϹֹԤ֪ҪĽģѶ˴˳¼˷ɢǴûᣬ뷮һ׽һӢҲ֧Ųоͱˡ
⵹˵ӢǾôʲж䣬ֹѾ˵书صˣֹĪʱ˶иԵĶ֣ϾˡԹֹռ˱ˣһֲ
ֹ书ȺҴЩ˻ȥȴзһ̴ȥɽ¶ϡֻеߵʯһƾʯͷȻһ򵱹ĪˡĪĸ֣һҶʯΣвҲ̶ܽԷ
ֹźһУԼʯݶ
ǱǧڿеӵĻᣬֹ̤УǧߣһǱǧ߼ֹҲǳԾС

ʮ ɽ֮

ǧһֹȻЩԾϾŭգеǰΧֹȻҲͬеǰǧߣЩ׷湫ֹ꣬ôǧߵģȻִǰ׽ǧߡ
ǧ֪빫ߣҪִСȻ޴󣬵һЧֹܿҪԺҪɾǧѡ
ҵʱϼ곤ӿΣ׷ǰȰǧ߳ô˻ѹֹϵ׸ˣùֹŴ
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ùصʯʱֹҪǰǧɱһøĸعںãҪĸ׶֣æǰ
ֹŮǧǰ΢΢һǧ߳ûöˣֹһ֮¼æȴһöۣҺ¸ӷߺޣ˼ɹ࣬ҪĸŮȫһ
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ԭĪ֪ԼֻҪֹһȥĽ°ãһеŮӣ·ڰ
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˼£Թ˵ͷ֪ղȰԼ飬ȻҲתˡ
ʱϸĸ̸ֵܵ
ԭֵ˵Լ빫˼֮ףȢΪ޵¡ĶԹûʲôӡֻղԼ̸֪жػ޿޲ɵ̬ǰǧߡ
ǧ߶ֵ˵Ҫֵȥǧ顣
ԭղʯǧǧѾңưѾɢ£ǧ߸Ĵǧɣû˵ˡ
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ֵҲûô࣬ʹӦˣʱ˲ٶϳݣȻɳӢ͹ܽȥĳⶾ
ǧ߼黨֮Ȼܽ⣬ҲǴΪȣ±ʽⷨܽʱ˸ۣǧ˵һϲ⴫ؾǧȻҩƷۺ죬뵽ڻҪǶԿǲ֪ʱͻȥĹֹҲ׷ʡ
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ڶǰȥǧ߸ǣǧȴҪֹ
뷴黨Ҳû⣬Ҳ֪常ŷ䣬׷ʹеӣҲ֪ŷ䣬һסֻȹֹǰ׽ŷ䡣ҮԸ粻ȥúƼһɽؼҡ
ܽд˷Ÿĸƽص󽻸ؤֶ桪ԭĶǣؤôҲиֶɣ
ܽҪǽй壬ǰǧǧֵ֮£ԼԼĸԹһһ¸壬ȻһҪǧ߿ǧǷ֮ǧ߷򸾶ǧ֮ǰǷ͵յ
Ҳ֪¹ش󣬲ҵùԼȥ˹ֹ鷿ȻǶ߼ϵİݺе͵ܹܵܽӢһ˺յ
Ҳû¸߹࣬ǽ˹ܽ˵Ҫӳ飬Ժһٶ˵£ȻŹܽ˵һжǧȡ
ȻӢܽ½˫һشȥȶǰĻ£סһססһ¶࣬ĽĶѾ⣬żܽȶ˵Ǻһƴʦɮȶͨһġ
ԭܽӢ½˫һɽ˺Զĵط䣬˷ȴԭ֮ܽҲһ»Ǳһ·϶
˵˺ɽ£֮ǰڻɽ񶷲ر£Ըпһɽȥ뻪ɽɽһ
ǻɽϴȥʱ˶Ĺ;ɫⷬǰҪúùһȴߵɽȻ洫ߺ֮
Ըоȣ룬ôɽ֮Ҳ۶
˻һۣĵѭ˹ȥȴԶ˶һǰϸʱȻǻɽͺ߹
ԭɽԴӰ֣֮жûлغҴǴźһϣ˵ҪȥѰʦŵ书䣬
ϣյϾھ˺߹
ɽ֮ǰɽһۺ֪к߹ں书սͽԼһй߹߹ȻҲһʱκβʦͽ֡
߹ûа취ֻʹ˸Уʦͽȥ
ɽֵһӻϷŹ߹ź׷ȥ
߹˦ǣ˳˺ɽöɽƵϤǡ
֪߹ܽϵǳȫ׷𣬹һź߹ȥ߹Ȼ˺ɽɽ̶˷ͷɽѰ߹һѰţ㷢ХԷǰ
Լ˺߹ȻǲԺ߹ΪˣȻǲΪʦѰź߹ֻԼƬ̣߹ߣʱʦһˣϲȥ׷߹ġ
ϻɽԣһҩ裬Ѻ߹סѽѷ֡Х׼ʱǰȥȴ߹Ѳ
ʦߴǰĻҲΥʦֻðνǰ
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һƴ㶷һһҹβǹãټˮ߹һкģѪأֻһԵϢ
Ǻ߹ȴΪһɽһơҿɽĽѾûˣȻ߹Ҫɥڴˡ
һҲù߹˳״·磬ɽѹô
Ȼɽȴһҩ裬Ҫú߹ء
Ȼսȴɽȥ߹Ĵ򹷰¾ǻɽͽҲǹĪ⣬ټϺ߹ϾȻɽ곤ʮ꣬ѾǸ׵ˣˣȻɽ˸൱
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ܽһ߹գȻȥսˡ
Ӣ½˫Ȼʶ߹ȴϵûɽҲͦɽ
ԭ˹ʦʱҪǰأһ֮¾ǹܽɵһ㶣־ֻǶԹܽôˣ
ɽҪú߹أȴϳӢδ񽣽ѾӢʱ񽣣ѾָĹس彣Ҳˣʹ˵ƾˡ
½˫ھֵĪ̵书Ҳгɽ·˸ܵС
߹ΪȻ𣬵ȴ޹񼫵ˣǲɱֵġϴɽҲֻȥɽ书ټԶ٣ȡɽ
ϻɽܽӣʵѵϢϣֻǲԸԼɱ߹ˣһ¿ǰѻɽùǺ֣߹ˣĻô鷳
ɽԴҹҹܽѨ֪ͽܶԹܽ⣬еڽַǰӣԲ֮˵
ԴʱĻɽѾǰѺΪŮɫʦͽ!

ʮ ʦ

ɽ߹˶ʮУ׼һʱһλλ
ΪҪԼУæʦߣ
ں˵һ¶ܾ˵꣬ǻɽҴգʶ֣塣Ȼ֪ɽʲôˣǶ˵ɽʵǶŴġ
ԻɽҲвԼʱɽ˷ԼĹˣΧʱɽֽӳ˿˼ĸܡԼߵģǻɽΪ˲ԼôķʽߣΪʰʱصȴһǶ⡪һǵڵĶ⡣
ΪҪǣף֮ܽԼΪ˳ʱԼʮؤɱ
ȻԼţףɽҲҪһεģ
ǺȻԻɽиж֮ġϾûлɽ˵ѾˡţҲػţһܹܽôཻ
ԺȻԻɽִ֮񣬴ûҪѻɽǻɽô롪ľҪͷӣȻٽ롣
ʱܽһĽҪȴɽһץס˺ĺģ߹Ȼݺһƴ
ɽͣܽӲܹ׷ڻɽĺ߹Լײڲ˼£ӲΣᾢһƽһߣȴѾʧȻɽѾ˹ܽɽȥˡ
һҪȴдɽͽϹҵСŮӣʦҲҪˣãԴԺҶ´μ棬ұȡ
һ㶣ʦҪԼˣԼ˱ߣ̲סһˣڵϷ㶣վҲûˡ
Ǳ߹ܽɽ˵ԼҲɵú˺졪Լ˼Ҳ֪ģֻͻȻôһ£дֲĸо
߹ҲΪضܽðû˵
Ӣ½˫⡪ʤһ˶ҪҪôûþͱˣеͷԡ
ܽĴεգͲǰΪӢ½˫ͺ߹ӢȻǰݵڳʦ壬߹ղſ˳Ӣĳ֣ҲǺܸһĴˣ
λүһ书˴ˣǿϲɺѽ
ӢȻǱʾһǫѷ֮⣬ȴ½˫ã书һ·
Ӣ˵ͷұǹĹɵġ
߹һ£ֳӢĺˣ
½˫ǰһǹĹɵĴӣʦĪ
߹üӣɲãôΪʦ
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ܽ롪ҪӣʹڹĹˣαظﶥ棬Ϸǲɽԣ
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˼һᣬҲǸԼһ
ں߹һ׷£ܽ˵ͷǣദɣ
߹˹ЦãȻˣҾʹһӣһߴַĹһҲƷһֱһıԿܿ
ܽ˵ͷû˵ߣԼӡԺҪһС
תһ롪СӣԼǰҲûιԣȻǰԼˣ
߹ܽͬ⣬ЦպҸģҿɲŹģ
ܽ˺߹⻰úﲻԣֲ֪ⲻԵĵطҪϸʱ߹ֽ
ܽùһǡɽơ
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ܽ˲ϸղǾԵĵطϽؼպáɽƣ߹ĳֻҪдڹõƷҲһûʲôı䡣
ϧܽʵе޻˵ҲǿˣҲŹȻľ񹦣ǿ԰Ʒ޶ȵطӳ
߹ҪպΪͽô
ܽ˳һպԼֵĻ
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ܽƲƲ졪ҵҲô˵Ҳһͽܣ
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ܽɽϵļλȻֶԴȶ˵ǧߵ£ɽ˶Դȶ׼һиõ´Ϊȡȶ⼸ܵĿ࣬Ǽ֣ϾʹӦܽһȥȡ
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ƼҲûʽݴȶͽΪʦֻļҽѧ˼ƷȶܲסܽĥӲݣҲʹӦˣ
ܽ룬ҮƼеĵλôˣǵ곬һֵͽˣ
һƴʦӢҲϸѯ˳Ӣ⡶񽣡׵Ӣʱ¶һơ
ܽȻаһжƵȥˣ˵Լģ֪ǶϵѧԲŽ˳ӢһƴʦԴ˲ûбֳʲô̫Ļɮ˾黨ºһҪͬȥҪһ黨Ȼȥ
֪ܽһ˵ĺ⣬ǧ߻뿿˾ȣôӦŪòã˵Ҫֵò죬Ǳ˵Լˣصġ
ֻɮһҪȥ黨ӣ˵˼ģһҪۿ
ܽûа취ֻһ˺ƺƵȶ
֮ǰһƴʦмҪùܽȥǾǹ黹񽣵Ľף

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һƴʦ󣬹ܽڰ̾˿ԼʮҪˣαػҪ񽣵Ľ׼͸ɹأ
һƴʦĹʹҪ죬ܽҲû˵ʲôҲʵŪףӢˣαػҪԼš
һƴʦ˵ΪⱾһģǴĹͶˣһҪȥġ
ܽһڱεĻʹҵôڴʹܲҵʲôöأԼǵĶˣŪ㱨꣬Ӧòɣ
Ǳ߸˵ظųӢȥǣ½˫ȻҲһȥˡ
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ԣȻ˼ʦû˵ʲôһʲôɵĵأ
ĪԭΪȫµûһöڳӢ½˫Ҳûʲôɶ˵ġ
ַ֣ܽ½ҳ⣬ҲǼ£Ȼ½һɲôף
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Ҷǰ̨ȥɹž˱ΰӡ
˶ԹܽѰؽ׵ĹһȻҪʲôʹܽ͡ûҪʹ￴˵ѰЩ鼮
Ȼе⣬ҲǴӦҪһС̫ǰȥ
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ܽŲ֪书УҮ࣬ƼҲȲϣ
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ܽҡҡͷ书ô
˹ܽĻһ˿⣬ǹܽûƣֻǸ̫˵ŵһǰ
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뿪ѧܵʱ򣬿ĽһѺӰ´µض
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𣬵ǻ޲鼮
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᰼ܽͻȻһƾɵ鼮ȤҲ죬ֿܽͷǶ﷭Ū̲ס߹ȥվڹܽԿ顣
֪ܽ᰾վԼ࣬ҲֻǸעⲻϵסԶᰵĿˡ
أܽȻһ涼ûеֳĵһҳϣƺСɽ㡱ܽװȻַ£֮˼飬ͬǱûģⱾļһԿһ£ԼʮǱûıڵС
ܽվ̫ͶЦЦЩɣҾϲ飬ڵҲûʲôϡģǮܹõ
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ǶҲ˵ƣΪȤԹܽ˵ͷתȥˡ

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ܽƣǱСشϸǲ֪һĻˣ
Ȿ龹ȻԼһǵ书ĸ־֮ۺһγⲿԼŋ¼ѧؼ
ڵһϣǶΪİⱾ򣬱λɽ㡱ĳ羴ͰҲ˵ⱾγɣǷ򸾵ĹͣչҲ˼İΪⱾӦýѧҪۡŶԣڶΪΪɽ¼
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ⱾĵطǶµĸѧΪǵǹꪣÿĹô·ʵһ书ôУĶնϵΪɱ̵棬еõĻӣʧĳкɺԼٲϺ¼ȥġ
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Ȿһ˵Ƕ¾Žʽ书롰¾Žͬĵطڣ¾Žľں˺ȥ޻أҲ˵ҪԷٶ֣ûзأֻнһԼǿԹص书
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統϶ʱ忴ٶҲ쵽޷׽Ķܡ
̵ⱾѧҪۣйֶεҪڸ书ķƷҲȷ
ⱾѧҪ干ΪʮƪΪ̱ۡۡۡۡۡۡۡȭۡۡۡ
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ܽʱ·𿴵˹ֹСԭ书ͱ֪˰ֻǲ֪һôƷ
ġָۡĶúƷ˳ޡŽڱޡڡǴȱҲ˺ȭָȭơָצȵֶ֫εľ壻۾ָָṦӲֵ
ڹܽ˵ôණǲȫѧġȻдúܼʵȴ㲩ޱȣҪȫɣǵҪ֮ţҪٻʮʮ̵꣬ⲿ鲻¾Žĵط¾Žƾ书ȴֻҪʽ
̵ⲿ飬Ȼÿ书Ҳֻмʽĳ̶ȣȴ˵ÿ˶츳ЩóЩóЩóȭŹЩ书УṦóԼġ
ԹܽڴʱϸģǽۺȭۣԼеṦƪ
֪һҹֱڶ߷ܽŸϽͷ飬һСڹߵĺôͨΣҲ̫ƣ͡
ȹܽС˯ʱǳཻʱ֣Ҳִŵҡܽ˵ģһ·׼һƴʦˡϸճջ˶ᰡ
˵Լûм棬һҪȥݼһƴʦ
ԭǴة࣬ҲһֱΪǴĳ񣬶ڻӵҪȻܾҲˡ಻ʱԼһˣˣ
ֻһ·ϣ½˫Զ󿴲ߣҿ˳ҪǿڳӢϣνˡ
ǹܽȴǷһ˵ʵᰣǸŮġ
Ҳ˵ᰲǻӣǻŮ
ֲõʱʱ˵Ŷԭ߻Ӱ仰ʱΪŹ֣֪ԷǹǻˡᰵʱȼҲαʶƵΰˡ
ڹܽôʶƵģǿ̫ˡļˣˣټˡܽһֱףŴǰЩŮװŮôɻصģ˵̬ȫŮԣѵЩ˾ͶϹӣ
ҪôױɸСл˲ҿҶ࿴ȻϲģֱƭҲֻ֮ӣ԰ˣ
ԹܽĳڿջϣߴչȥװҪӡ᰹ȻܽϵԺ󱳶ŹܽһССĶܽͿȷʮ֮˾ŮˣΪ˲ʱزŶԷģٰѺ󱳵ĿųԷΪöǧֽԣֻŮˣΪز˽ܴıŻ˲ʱԺ󱳶ŶԷ
ܽǹذй۲ᰣԡʱأ֪϶ŮˡΨһȷǣǲǶԳӢ˼
찡˿¸Ұɣ
ֻܽԲˣ
ãһ·϶ԳӢûйķǳٶ½˫ϼӼ˼Ҳֻǹ֣ܽƺԼĹע
ܽееëȻԼᰵľ룬Ȼһĵ
ȵصһƴʦľӴʱܽѾѡŋ¼еȭۺͽۿ겢òˣṦƪûʼڵṦѾ˫ˣòôżǿṦ
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ܽȴǻҪؾȣ˶
᰼Ҫȥ𴦣˵ʲôҲҪһƴʦ˻úɽϴš书ṦȵĹܽԶˣڣﶼѣ
ǹܽͳӢһƴʦһƺƵȶ
ȵ˾ȣܽҲڰѡŋ¼ԼѧĶˣҲǵʵսĻˡ
ɮ黨ǼܽҲѶϳݵ¸ʹɮҪһжͽⶾĹЧ
֪ܽԣҲ˵Ǹ˴ȶ
·ϣܽͰǧߵϸظ˴ȶҰǧߣ˵ǧǲģҪ˵ǹشġ
Ȼ˲ڿΪ¶ˣһƴʦͬ˹ܽ
ȶԴ˹ܽΪͽԹܽΪϲħҲ֮ȥ˹ܽļƻҲʹͳУĺá
Ȼǧ˵粡ϢֻǱ˵Щᣬûж˵ʲôͨϲһֱЩҵľҲһº˴롣
һƴʦͽܵĲˣҲܸˣҲ˳ָһ㹫书ǳ
ܽٴμȴûмĪ
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֮ǣ½˫սʧܣҲɱ½˫ģ½˫վ˲֮ء
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ܽĪĻĪתǸˡ
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Ҫ˵½˫ʱʱ̶̿ŵģĪȴе㲻롣
ԳӢ˵½򸾾͵ǽĸһ㣬ҲһҪĪģΪĪ½˫ΪͽͷŹ
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һУкãǳϵ𣬵֮жҪ䡣
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ܽ½ɣ̲סû뵽ͦ˵İ
Ц˵ԭҮ黹Ҫȵǰ ҲǱСˣҲ۳໹ģɶҮҪÿ
ֻгģܽһۡ
ͱ˵ˣ籲ҲĪˣ۰Ͱ͵ؿ͹Σ֪жô
ܽЦ˵ֵֻʣСŮˣҳϲƣҵøϽߣٻȥҿһ̲ˣ
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¹͹²һ꣬ʮ꣬ʮ꣬ڹŴҲˡڹŴ˿ĸǱȲϳ֭ģһùܽҲ
Ϊ֭أΪҪʾݣ
ܽҲȥЩСһֻҪ׳ɳͺˡ
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Ųų죬Ŵ۾ĴۿҲ֣˯ĻߣóСһʹܽ
ڴɹŴӪлһֱգָ߰˰ˣ˵еĹ͹²ȴŻ˯Ȼ֣ȴҹߵ۵ûҲֻһ𳿻ߵ
ܽһۣΪǹǴԽרҵô
ЦЦС˶һѩ׷üĿɣһڴ׳Ũüۣɵõ˫̥Ҳ˲ˣ
ܽЦûоûӸ˵ˡ
˵˵˼䣬С˫ۣ˳
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书ǿ߶˳ĵֻǲԸˣ˳Ҳһ˱Լʲô˵˵ʲôƽʱģߣ֪֮䣬ǷѾ⡣˵ŮѾԼĹ뷿ڳҹˡ
ڹ˵ཻùܽ޸Ǿ˫˫޳ɵģǶڻ˵ȴǾеصġرΣȻ˽ɽһ书ȻҲԼһʲô⣬ȴûزġ
ղܽ˵̸ʲôԽרҵѡǻûġһһŮСֳĳЩڲͬСطŷԭŮҲһֱصģֻԼûз˵Ըȥˡ
ܵ˵ŮϾԼϵµһ⣬ҶԼɷ򶼺Т˳ɣһЩСܣҲȥڿŮͬܣ˵֮ѾĳЩȫܡôӻ֮䣬Ӧǻһֵ֧İɣ˵Լʲô赲أ
ǾµˣӶ̶̵ļ仰ƶϳܶӽʵĶǱϾʱӶʮһ˶ڰĿǸָûС
ͻ˵ģľȣȻֲҲ½Ӣͳ٤ȴֱǱҩʦǿŽˣںСӨŰͻѿ׶ξزˡĶ˵Ľ֣ƺҲǸʱ״
ʧˣŷǸԵ͵ɣԻȴǷûǿڶʮһҲˣڲŮˣʱصطڡ;ŮӣȴǽԺáڶʮһͿܻڶŮ˵ķģڻʱȴĽŮݵġ
ŮͬѰ˼Һ͹ٻӵܣҪԼİ˴һգҲԵ֪˻֮ҲֻȥǻƼԹԸǷݣҲʵϡԼҲǹԻݵ壬ʹԼ
ֳӢ֮ӹĹ̾ǻҲͬһҲһıҡ
ŴĽŮҪ˶ԼһԼҲԶԷˡȻǽŮСͽ߹һҲŽŮϰԵʶԼĴ󣬲ȹڣ˳ˡ
ڶôŮȤǰʹȻ߻ǱʲôⶼҲۡܽʱŮˣͶԶ֮ˣΪҲǴӶʮһģ֪Ĳͬƽ͵ദ
ǹܽ˲ûʶһ㣬֮ǰһһҪԼˡ
ĳشӴڴܽһˣֱش
ȻϾ书ǿɹžٳ£ƬҲ򣬵±һһơ
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ؼ˵󣬲ɵþһ
ܽߵòԶؾ˶Կһۣȥ
ʱ˶УϾǲĸ֣һ䣬Ѿ˶ȥˡ
ܽʱøϻغԺȴһ˴ӴڴܳһٿǸӰбʲô֪չ׷ȥ
ػŹ²ҲϷȴǰṦ׿Լ׷ϣ
ȵʱֻܽıӰǺѾֻʣһСˣվڷš
æĸôˣ
سճյԶ૵ص
һףһ䣺ĸȥ
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ǰԶԽԶ̲סһܽ·¼Ǻţ׷㣡
仰ͳزԶܽ˶Ǻ¡ܱܲôȣ㻹òô
˵ǲģܽγ·µVֵļͷ
ǿǰѸݣʵǿÿԣԼṦôãȻ׷ϡ
Ƭ̼ܽ׷ǶʮԽ׷Խľǰ˵죬ѵȻǡ
ǹܽʵǲԸԼĸоֻҧ׷
׷һ̣ۼþ뽥̣Ҫ׷ϣȴ̸ףܽȻṦµһǶԷṦҲǲҳ;ۣ񣬹ܽڹƽǷߣȴǰˣǰһڻ׷ȥ֮ᱻǰԽԽԶˣܽнߺǰͣȴֶһ
ܽһΪǵˣȴ֮˵һ
˵һɴӿԼ˼ͷ
ܽżӣȴͯܲͨ
ԭͯѾܽõһ֪ضĪĹϵȻ֪ ضܹգϾе㲻̫˼Ԧ󣬾ԼˮƽҲУԼ䣬սǣһɤӡ
ܲͨк棬׷ṦҲȷߣͯڹҪ˵㣬ʮһ͸
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ܽҪ׷ȥɵðæ
ܲͨĺˡҴԭһֱ׷ִ׷ԭϽˣ򲻹ҵģ
ܽ˵һ֪ԼûϴˣǰԼĵܻܵõˣԼĶʦȶ
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ܲͨʱҲϵȶߣֱȥǺӣȶһּܲͨܿ
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ܽƺħӣЩԾҪԭлصķ֮ضغӣֲҡ
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ܽһ֪ȷħϵʦǰ£һҿֵסھȣǺܺô
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ܲͨһޱȣһֻʹַһֻȴشȶ£һУӴȶг
ܽǰ״æ˫ȥӣȶȴ쳤ץ⺢ӡ

 

ܽʹȶһƣȴѽӱҼ˹ǿ⺢ȻŸճ죬Ҳûܵʲô˺
ֻǹܽȶһƴѪڣһ˺üһʱԻع
ܲͨһ߲ŴȶһߵǧǺþûˣôԽԽ֣ͷʲôˣ
ȶֻǲһ˫·ɣܲͨ
ܽãȴѪӿֻŬϢȻٳֹභ
ۿžҪϢϣһˣֱ塣
ԹܽĹ򣬱֣ܲͨҲԴ϶ŵĶַݹ죬ȻһֻѾ˹ϡ
ܽ󾪣ϹĶһֱɽ÷ȥԷ֡
˫һԷԶʤԼһ˳ִ
ܽźӣжֻԱڹӲһ±òѪ
ܽ˼ſ˾Ȼŷ档
ֻŷ泤ԭɢͷȻ𣬺ϳһ٣з֮ɫȥ֮һƬݣȻɫȴһȻѹ˲
ܽ鲻գаѵָǣ
ŰۣһУ㸴ֶɭȻǻаŮɣǺʲôˣ
ܽ˵иǴ󾪣ȴһôȥϽлʣ
ܽѭȥȴǻɽ
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ŷ泤Զ糢ֶҩ˿ãˬЩ־ĵҩȴȻĽؽŷ־
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Ľס㱻סѨؿŷԼǰֻһҹ䣬˫ڵϾһصߣԼȴֻܿŸɵۡ
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Ҫ֪ԭУת书СŮᣬΪ书˱裬СŮҲˡ
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ŷʱŷǰϣȢΪޣãȥһаŮˣ
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ɽŷ棬ܽǻصŮŷ˽⺢ӣ϶⺢иϵǰ˺ӣҪЮͯ
ʮǰ֪ͯ˾澭书ȶ֣֪Լδ֣ԹΪʣЮȥ
Ϲܽ书ϵǿȻһмûжºӡΪһʦһ͵Ϯ֣һУҪԹݣ׷ˣʴ˶ԻɽĻǡ
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ŷȶҲԵ֪ãֻԹܽǻصŮգ
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ŷһҵţ֪֪һ˵ſ˿ֵܽѧ澭ô
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ŷ濴һ۴ȶܲͨȻȻûѧ澭ǻǸȥĸȥɡ
ܲͨŷ˵Ҫ֣ܽʹһʹȭסȶһŷе϶۸ǰҲһΰɣ
ܲͨǧŷһս׷˭κβ˭Ҳŷ֮УȻܲͨвҪȴҪ׽סܽȹ澭Լ
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ܽܲͨһŷ棬֪õѻᣬһߡ
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ǹܽصѡһȲȥȣֲȥ·ͼԶԶߣ¶ˡ
ŷܽȥҲæչȥ׷
ܲͨˣ˴ȶҲչ׷ŷ档
ʱɽѾ׷ȥŷȴͻȻͣ½Ųһܲͨ
ܲͨԭΪҪȥ׷ܽŷȴܲͨ׷ԼһǼ书֮ɣػǱУضϹۣͷ顣̷˱һ֮µġ
ܲͨƷȴǴȶƣ²ŷһ࣬ץŷͷ
ŷͷһһˣ֪ܲͨץȥԷͷһһܰԼֵǱзץŷʺ
ǱߴȶܽԶȥйһ㣬ҲܲͨŻɽ׷ȥ

ڰ ˼

ŷȴ˫һ֣һִܲͨشȶӣת˸ȦԼȴ׷ȥ
ܲͨһץסȶ磬ȶֲܲͨԸֱȥ׷ŷ档ȶһʤṦ˵ãҲ׷ȥ
˸߲ãŰؽ׷ѰһȦеǰɣ׷ˣȻû˼ǺţˣҰ
˵ܽܲͨͷϢã棬Ⱥ˴ȶŷһƣʴȻһҲûռŶٱˡֻһڵԲ󣬷ԭһʱطܣȻһڹӵڰ˲㾳ھŲˡ
ǵ˻ҩʦҲûܹﵽľ磬ֻܽǰŹȻʣ¶ǰͬ֫ٺӯйвԽһХাԨŹ֮ܽ·ԶԶɢ
ʱܽ棬ƣХͯŷ˹Ȼ֮ˣҲǾϲѣ׷ȥвܽܽССͣѾﵽ裡
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ھ ӶԾ

ǹܽϾʶڲ̽ʱֻߣȳȥ˵ȻҪɿˡ
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һԻɽѾʩչƹܽŷɶԽ֮ƣס˹ܽ·
ŷ̤һСҵõ澭ǽأ
ŷܽССڹ裬պĸ󻼣Ȼ֮ˡ
ܽüû˵ȴŷ汳ܹæһָ϶ˣ
ŷһ㶣ҪŭȴͷȥȴһδĿꡣ
ŷ棬ɵôϲæְ֣ôҲ㣬Ϊ㵣ˣ
ŷȴǰһɣ˭ҽҰְ֣ô
һ£ּɽŷ󣬲ɵüǱ߹ָֺܽˣ㵱һ㣬ϵˣ
һ£ٿܽûʲôˡȻٿŷ桪˫Ѿû˳տ飬еֻĮݡ
ĬĬعһƣӣŷǲϵԼˣһ⡣ʵԼűŷ滹Ҫһ㣬ܽǻɽӦҲڲ֮䡣ȻԼؽ֣Ҫʤŷ棬öһǧУѹѾʮŷ档
˵ǻɽҩһٳʮ깦Լ͹ܽɾΣˣƣʲô취ܹⳡսأ
˿ܣʵǰ׷Ǹأ
ܽʦҲӻˣԺ˵
ŷһǵ黰˵ûУ˵˾͸߰ɣ
ܽһ졪һԵƣͷãҪ뷨ӶƲУ
ŷ˵Ҫ֣Ҳ˲ñˣֱŷ湥ȥлһ
ŷϷ֪⿴ȥ۵ĺʵǰޱȵؽҲֱ棬ϣؿڡ
ֻһ٣нؾƫһԡԴԵδ£вɴ󾪡ٿŷֱԼأһ֧ŷΪצ⡣
ûһϷģõǽʮеġԾԨŷ߹ΪУԽʮƱȻأȻʹвŭԭϽлͽܣ
ŷ汾ԸһеķӣΪϤ⽵ʮÿһƵ˾źС٣Ҳ뵱ԼĶŷһ㣬צΪƣ϶ѹҪƣȵˡ
ڹǿһСԾԨľ뵱߹ʹǴһŷһ֮£˶ϰգȻֽɨȥ
ŷд󾪣ֻʮ߹书оʮƸĵˣһʮ㣬Լڰգ޴ӽֻԽƣһӲһɣܹһ
Ҳû׼ɱŷ棬֪ŷͶܶһͼǸϿܽϡ
һߵĹܽȴɽһ屻˼౧ڻУܵԶ
ܽΪԼն򲻹ɽҲܡû뵽̶̼ûɽĹȻгӹ죬һߴһ߻ԹЦ͹ֺӵ
ܽеԽ࣬ҲרĿˡ֪ۡۡ͡ýôƻɽȴϻɽȴ˲֪Ƭĺƣʹ̰̰˫˫һʱȵùܽæҡ
ʱŷ棬˴ײɽŷ澹ȻƬ̼㴳˹æתһֻһɽһɣȴ
͹ܽһǽַӺĦӵĴʯ鶼Ҫ飬ѰƬƬػݲۣҲҪƬȻֻðһǣʲôӦûС
ܽа롪ֲôõɽ˵ҪͲҪˣԭĺ
Ǳŷڰգһ뵤׹֮ƸΪбɣ˫Ĵ
һ֣֮иɺޣΪǶŷ˲ҲȻһ֣ǰˣȴǳ֮ܽޣ
е֪ŷˣһβŷ˫Ƶ
ŷĽʮƴͬ˾ȴȫһоɽӡǺ߹ƷԼһ
ŷ浹ϰˣ뿴⽵ʮȫԼԱки߹ʱҲи׼
⽵ʮƣһ·ʮпڸ·ֱԵеƷŷԻȫʮƶԵˣֻǼһЩ÷սӦС
Ǳ߹ܽȴɽˡ
һι֪ܽɽ֮ӹ죬𿪺ĻᣬִԽѡŋ¼еġۡеġơӵ쾡¡
ɽ˫ָղűһ÷飬һʱʹϣܽһòסˡʱһɽסţʮܷˡ
֪ܽþˣ͵ȥֻһŷ潻֣һߵ˵ʲô
ԭվŷΪУһؽŷһߵ˵ʶΪӵ¡
ŷʱֻԼ񣬺Խ˵ԽףŭաŷȫԼҲǸпֻ֣ô
ܽǱҲµ˼ֻƣԼֻʱ䣬ϣܹŷˡǱһ߶֣һ߽˼ߡ
ӣȥҰְ裬ǽйͻأҵǣǻչ㣬ҵүүģ㲻£ĶҲģ
ŷȻռϷ磬Ҳܲȥ׷˼˼ǿ뿪ġ᲻ٱŷ׷ϣֻܿԼסŷˣǴϸҹҲܵ˰ɡֻǲ֪ͷ̲
˼ȴҡͷаȥˣҪġ
ܽһ㣬вѵҪһô
Ǿһǰƾ͵Ȼ޴ˣɽĹԽԽ׽ʱȻͷβײܽ˫ʱҲᵹܽ˫ȡ
ܽһʼֱΪŷ˾ܿ췢֣ЩŷĲͬҪࡣҿЩ֮ǰδ࣬Ȼܽûٳȥˡ
ǱߵȴȻ֮УܽȥȻûת֮ǰԼҲҪڻɽ֮ˡ
Ȼŷɽ˵ĺΧѾˣҪܽʱߣ͵˼أܹܽó
ֶýУܽѽ·磬ҲֻܽŻŷĹ¼ֲˡ
ڹܽн֮ʱͻԶһŮӹЦŶı˹
ҡҡҡҡţŽҺñ
еģȻǶ裬ǹܽһ֪˾ɵáȻͻСʱ򣬻ҩʦʹɵˣȴɵġ
ȴ˼еùã˰ҵþˡ
仰ѹܽòŻѪղŽ˼ȴһֱߣԭùþɵð
ǱɵͷɢЦ߳裬һЩĲֶĶһ𣬴Զ˹
˼Ź壬ɵõùãǰҵķӶˣûطסŶ
ܽȴһɵһֱ⹫һɵüȻ⸽⹫Ҳһڣһˣɵþ񣬽һٶɽѷѽ⡣
ɵʱҲע⵽ӱûˣŭһͦиֲ棬ĸ˸ɵģɵ

ʮ аΧ

ʱɵÿŷ棬ɵƫͷϸ룬Цһִ˸ֲ棬߹ȥЦѽ㻹иôɵҪԸ⡣
ԭɵȻɵȴܺãȻʮ겻Ȼһϳŷ
ŷɵóԸ£ɵһֱԵ±߹ȥҪԡ
ŷʱȴýпɵ˼ŷ治㲻ҪȻҸԡ
ܽԾԴ󾪡Ըŷһ˾ͷǳˣɵòֺôŷǱˡ
ŷݣһ󱲳־Ѿʧ棬ﻹڽɵðæǱ˼Ҳ֪ɵַɵ֢еùãȥǱߴǸŮˣҵķӣҴǸɫӵģ
˼಻ʶȴѾѹܽˡŮĺôѽȻ˧磬ǶڹŴСŮ˵һƯĴ׵ؽӽķɵദ˺ü죬֪
ɵ˼ͷ˿ܽǱߣֱıܽɽߣƫͷһ£ָŹܽǹùã
ԭܽƣɵмǵõʱһʮʱӣܽҲʮˣò뵱أмơ
ܽʱҲֻܲ࣬жһˣɵûңȻүүȥʶ֣
ʵҩʦҲ֪ɵþܴأ˵Ҫѧʲôʫʸ踳Ҫʶ֣ѧἸ״ǳ书ȴҲܡҲģȻαطѾĻʵƷв淨ɵá
ôȻҩʦҲٽɵѧֱ飬ǵҩʦӲɵñʶֵʹ࣬ȴһֱӡɵõԺһܽɵΪ壬±һɽȥ
ɽȻܽභռϷ磬ȴûκȡʤܽĽ书ȷ棬ֻ·Ҫڹܽˡ
ɵúһƿ֪֮һ澢ʮ㣬˫˹ܽɵòϡ
ɵòܻɽӦԣֻǶڱͦǰֱ̡ɽڹܽڲʱɵñƴھֻвಽƵܽĽƱĹܽš
ɵòܹܽɽΣת򣬻ȴȥƲ䣬ǰ̡
ɽԾһУͷ½ϴӿеײܽܽ˸뻡һɽһ˫ƽסɵиֲ棬ٰһͦ˫ڵϣҪ֮ɵøֲ档
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ɽɵֵСɲɵɵǲװɵޡ
ʱŷȴǱߵձ£ɵѣûʲô仯ģ
ŷ֪ɵõϸ˿ɵõӰ졣
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ܽдϲһɽȥһɵãɵãүүأ
ɵһֱ̣ͦһߵүү͵ܵȥСֶŮ
ܽڸ϶˼߷ĺˣеǸܵܣʮа˾ž߷ĺˣֻǲ֪Ǹ˭Ǳֵôᵽô
ɵñߴߵүү·ȻСֶŮȻͺ͵ܵһ
ܽеɻ󡪡ףǸʲôϵ
ǲô˵⹫ܲʲô¡
ܽ˲ϸ룬ֻɵü򵥴ֱʽ
ǣʱһɽɵȥȥֻ⼸Уֹеʼˡ
һߵǽʮзһˡ
ܽȻкתԼȴȻûռƵġ
ԽԽ͡һƷһʯӾɽ
ɽһ߿ܽĽҪȥɵúģȴʯӻ󣬲Ҳۣŭ֮һȦӣǱŷҲһɽߡ
ܽǿʯ޴ֻ⹫ˣͷȥȴһ۵ˣϥڵϡ
⹫
ܽ
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ҩʦŷ˵ͷ֣ʮ겻ָɣǿϲɺذ
ŷһҩַɸʤ಻ʤο
ҩʦָ֪Լ˾澭дҲ֮˵Լδѡ澭ȫˣֻǽһҪ
ŷȻҩˣãȻһλɽ۽ʤˣҲ⣡ҴʱҲѾʮˣôȥˣҲˣǶʮĻɽ۽֮ڣʱһλɽ۽ʤ˾µһҩϸá澭ŪˣʱСܻҪĵģ
ŷָǺ󣬳ʱֻԼ澭ʤҩʦͺ߹ҲԵڻ¡ܽʲһ֣һ͵۹ܽ书СӾȻ书ֻ֮࣬Ǻ߹ҩʦУһʱ֮ľȥֱý
ԭֻ뼴ȥһʡ澭䣬붫аϵ۱ؤһϸ£ȴǴͷֻ뾡Ū澭һ飬ʴҩʦ¾֮Լ
ɽ۽ǶʮһΣԭΪͱؤаϵڴԲûȥ۽֮٣Ҫȵʮɸ̫ƽ֮ʱŻȥɽʵΡ
ڼȻŷҪٴ۽ǻҩʦȻҲܾȻ˻Ƕа
ǻҩʦͷҪһϸ£ǻĳȻ㣡
ŷҩʦӦԼ飬ã֪ںؤλүĽ鶼ͷһ
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ŷҩʦѾӦ˻ɽ۽֮ڣ㱳תȥɽں棬ҲһۡŷжϣҪߣһٴȥҲû˼ˡ
ȴǿŷıӰ̲סְֺ֣Ĳǵˣ
ŷһȥƲ䣬Сӣ´ҺС
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ܽʱܽ˼࣬ӹеĹ壬˰죬Ѿ۴ˡ
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ܽӹ˷۵ûˮԵѽ
ʱҩʦӻóһˮΣܽĹܰ
ܽЦص⹫ô˰
ҩʦȴ𻰣ֻֽ˼
˼еη˹ҩʦԴԹܽ߷ʦŮʦţȴһӣֻ½ʦ岻֪ʦһ͵ѧ˸׵ļֹѧ˼Ŷݼ׵Ĺ򣬿ϧţʮɹеһҲûѧ
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ܽЦǿ̫ˣʦҲԺЦȪˣ
ҩʦĶĸͽȵ£һֱڲѣ̾˿ֵɹžӪУҵʦɹžӪɱɹӡ
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ҩʦֵѾʦʦȥһˣСʦֶģû뵽ȴ㰡
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ҩʦĸв죬ڸڼȵ߷֮еĵ
ҩʦǻ䣬ԣɵһֻһ⿴ȥһģǶǵҹһ֮£֪߷ĵӣϣҪЯһ
Ѫԣ˵Ҫ
ҩʦŸԼŮصģһסƾ㹦ս¼ңѱס
ȴأԲǰȥһҩʦ飬ǰȥɱһٸɹžĹͣȻȥһǿӦҩʦɵ˼顣
ɵȻɵǲǰ׳գ˼ֻҪչ˺ɵó˯ɣһ޺ְ࣬ҲɵõĶ֣
ȴϻҩʦڴǱɹžӪʱȻԼСӷĬ磬ʦͽȻһᡣ

ʮһ ܽͽ

ҩʦ±㽫кͷĬɹžӪȥ˽ϽһûսµӣȥһȻԼת˼ࡣ
ҩʦ˼ǣԼȲæһȻයһ£֮ս˵˳˼ߣҲʲôȴû뵽һˣùܽա
ҩʦ˵ŻһۣæһĵЦݣҩʦȴͷȥֻ֪
ܽã
ҩʦָŹԹܽ
ܽ˵ͷȻѷܵˮȻҡȣٽŪˡ
ӹȥ˫ּסˮΣȻЩˮȣٽܽ
ܽιˮȻһ⣬⼸ƿкü˰ɣܳô
İɣһֱעģƿҲ֪ʲôģЧõúܣ
ܽ룬ԭСŮ˹ĹҲ϶һ꣬Ҳûʲô۱ʵ⣬Ҳ£㿪ʼι
һֳۣ˯ȥ
ҩʦȴ絽һߣ˼µز֪˵Щʲô
ܽȥԻҩʦ⹫ҵʦʱôҲûҰְ裿
ҩʦصúܺãҲﲻʲôæαشǣ
ܽһаǰǻ۸ˣ
ҩʦЦѾͷ˭۸㣡
ܽίذ֮ǰܲͨܣԼǱɹžӪ¸˻ҩʦҩʦһһȺСҲңʦʦȥһҪǺÿ
ܽǰǰ⹫Ҳһֱ߰һұ۸˸ô죡
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˵ŴӻͳһָݸܽһֱҲûʲôùŹŵ㼰ʱǰ͸
ܽӹһȻǵָͨ
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ܽЦЦ⹫ѾķĵھŲŶ
ҩʦ˾ϲѣʲôھŲ㣿
ܽЦǰ˵⹫Ҳֻʮһأ
ҩʦ̾ǰŹ⹫ϴģֻе괴⹦ʮ㣬ССͣھŲ㣬ǰ;
ܽЦҲ̵з
ҩʦһڣЦССͣѧƨҿû̵ʲô
Դôãܲ˼룡
ҩʦǺǴЦȻϲ֣ȴҲʧ֣֮񱻹ܽϻ󳩣Цտ
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ܽаЦҲȥֻһ·ϻҩʦһЯ˼࣬ƮƮǰУ̽һ¹ܽĹ ȴ˾ڹտ֮ˣһʱϲ֮࣬ҲĿ࿴
ֻǵϸĳ̬̫־ʴ˻Ƕ䵭
ȵһ˽ǣ˹Ѿڹǰ
ҩʦһЦ뷿Сؼ״Ů֣УֻϲüУȫһʮӵĸס
ҲϲҪҩʦס죬ҩʦˣҲӦˣͬʱҲǷ޶˼ࡣ
лܽȶ£ܽ¶˵һ飬ֻ˵Ǵȶħ
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صŷһͼ˾λʦͼŷǼǵõģָ־ֻҪȥҾ澭ʦֶϲ֣
ҩʦˣҲɫ䣺⣡һʱʧ죬Ҫȥ
˵ֿһ˼࣬ȻˣҾҪҹ̣ٸ·˼ɵãס£չ˰ɣ
˵˼࣬һָص˼࣬ʦ棬һ
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仰ùܽе⡪˼òǱȽϳģܽʱΪѾʮһˡ
ЦǴӽ͸Ұɣ㹦򡣡
˼࿴˿أȴʱѳȻߵܽߣŹֵܽλҡ
ԭղ˼ܽĹ򣬼ֱΪˣټ϶Ȼ׽֮УҪܽˡ
ҩʦǺһЦðû뵽ܽʮ꣬Ҫͽˣ
ܽҲһ㶣û뵽˼аԼΪʦ뷨
ҩʦЦԭҪܽʦģڼȻҪΪʦҪʦô
˼Ͼֻо꣬ҲЩԹܽһʦҩʦһ⣬Ҫ¿ͷģ
˼һ£Ҫ£ܽæǰȻܽԼʦйģȴеԽһԼС˵Ĺݡ
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ҩʦûⷽȥ룬˼࣬ԺʦˣûûСҪЩ
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ܽһͽܵ
ҩʦܽһСӡ
֪ܽһ˲õĶҲҴ򿪿ֻǳл
ҩʦȴЦùܽ򿪿ܽһȴԭһڹķĿھǣȴǵʮ㡣
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ҩʦ֮˹򸾼䣬Сŷ棬Ȼͳȥˡ
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ֹʮ죬ŴϢԭĴʹ֪һdĴɽɸ磬ɸ粻ò˱
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ܲͨ׵ȫȭŰԦ֮ڡҲȫӵͷȻĹⶼˣ
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ҵĳˣǰˣ֮Ӧ̨֮ޣϵּ⣬ʦʱ׼вε
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ܽʱҪȥһ˴ȶħ£һҪȥһ˴һƴʦ£ΪԭðգԸһƴʦһ㣬ǸΪ׺Ͱȫ
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ҪȥһɽСŮ᲻˹Ĺǰ˴£ӦûȥȰɣȥ
ǰԹܽ˵Ļ
ҪȥСŮľٶܽе⡪ԭΪȥϼׯҺ籲Ӣ½˫ġСŮҲȷʧ˺ܾãȻԼûʲô飬Ϊԭͦиģϣʲô£ҲͶжʾ⡣
ܽһһֻǹܽߣһ˼ࡣ
ܽǲԸһĺ߽ġӦúúõӦþš
ǻȴΪ˼ŹܽһȥȽϺá
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˼ܽദʱ翴˹ܽ룬һҪŹܽһȥȻ͸߻أԹܽϼӿܡ
ܽΣֻôӦһȥ
ǲô˵ܽҪҸߣȻһ׷ġСҪȵʱһ˫ԵĻҪ죡ҶոմǨ꣬кܶҪæܽҵġ
죬֮õģ˵еһǰݷùȴΪڣɻشΪӴˡ
Ϊ˼߻أξڶûոĴ㣬׼ɹǱߺλ㡣
Ҳ֪Щ£߹һıģҲֻĬĬܣ
ڼظ˵ؤӷڶµ¡һæϸϸ׷ʣԲǷǷһҲҶԵ˵ˡ
˼ΣĦа̣Ե𡣲κׯбڣãҲ
˴󾪣κׯϵʿȴӲ£طȥǿǵĶ
ȴΪȻص˴Բӣ֮£Ī֮ĪƥʿҲΪЧǣ

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֮⣬ǳܣָͥȫǲܵģֻԼ취˲κׯǮׯһְɡ÷⽮ѼҵóˣһССƽͷգʲôĵģ
رһ˵ƿԡȷԴӽ϶εĽ죬ϰϹǮǳˣ
ʵ°ӵҲֻɶѡǿӵġܹεһ㣬Ǻܲˡ
Щܲһȫ޷ûǮʲôɹ˴̣
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ԻҲֻĬҲʵֻߺѸָʾؤڣһҪòκׯ˵İȫģֹҲҪסκׯϵ˵
ܽ͵һʱͶʧˡԭһҲҪµİ
ǳŻػдʱ͵͵˼һ͵˻˳Ҳ˫һ˹ȥ
Īĳϼׯ붴ͥԶһѡһɫĵط
ؤ˿игϼׯׯӣֻǲ֪Īסػưҳϼׯ˵˳
ȹܽ˳ϼׯʱȴϳӢ
ӢܽΪϲæǰѯܽһ˵Ӣ˼ȥĪʦͽĽ塣
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ȫ̵ķûСŮĪҲɵڶصġ½˫籲̫Զﲻ
½˫籲˹ܽ⣬ȻҲʾԸһգһŮˣƺƵŹ
ҲţʦˣȻῴĽһëͷСӣ
籲·Թܽĸп
ܽҲеò˼飬ĪѾʮͷˣĽֻʮ꣬ĪҪҪǽ㣬ܰĽˣ
⣬ֻ˵ɣ
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ƻܹСŮȫΪ˳ϦദиڵСŮȻǰи鶼ӡŵĹĹҪҲ֪ʲôܹˡң䵽ʲô˵Ѿˡ
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ԵСŮٶȳڹܽǰʱ򣬹ܽǷһֱ͵͵ŵģ
СŮȴڲκׯ
ܽκׯǰĺǰʱܽκׯǷҵһ
ܽһߵ·ӣȻû֮Ϣ಻ÿһ˵ĶУƺֱܹ͸ĵס
Ƭ֮󣬶滮һֻСվһˣԹֵ֪ܽķѹ٣κׯδԶӭʧĪ֣Ī֣
ܽԼĪʮͣһ޲£һܼҵĴݣǲκׯϵˣׯĽѣҪѰ
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ܽüׯϡ˵ׯϣǾ˵ǵׯҲҪˣ
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ʱǹֵܼλԴٽһ
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СŮȻ޽飬ڹ費ͣԣȻԾ깥
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ʱһСŮվ鲻㣬ȻһƴѪأԼҲҩ͡Уอ
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ܽȴСŮļզôĶҩҿֻһУҪҪŻ

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ܽüΪ֪ԼĽʶľҪ˵ĽȴڸǣǰЩӣĪĽѾص˲κׯ
Ľ˼ǣĪӦòãҪˡ˸ոջûãԳ̵ǰκׯ
Ľѵٲܽ£ȴܲסһǰҵԽԽоֹѽв֮⡣
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ܽĽСŮ˰ʱ¶˵һ飬ĽĽׯǲҪԶеĺã
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ʱܽһ꣬ڸĸߡ
ʦҲǵһأ͵һġ
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꣬˼·ʮһ쵽ɽµһСϡ
ܽ˼ڵĿջסԼ˸ͨƤ߱ɽǰϻҩʦܽŪ˲Ƥߣ
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ܽɽפãֱһ书ɽȥʩչںԶԶš
Ȼ֪̳ɽϣ书ˣʮа˾žˣȻҪɽһġ
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ո߽һתһˣȵСʲô
ܽһתͷȥȴһ꺺ӡ
ܽ˷ټǰǹκׯˣ̸̽
Ȼ֪ǲ̵ģҲֻðһˡ




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ʹͣ˿ͷľٶ²ң
ʯǺᣬȴ͸һ֮⣺ΪǰŽֶôһִѪͥʲô֮٣ͥҲаǣаˣҲǰߣȥɹƴһǵ
ܽһʯȻЩ˴֣⻰˵õҲδҷһֱ䣬˵аĵ˷ˡνڱа̵ķģİ־һֱܵӺżʯԣҲܲ˵мֵġ
ֻĴ££ֻжγĿѩϼ˪ѡȻ֧ΪΪν֮ũȨǲͬʱڲģǵһ
Ϊһƫ£һװĳڴڣεֿУҲϷȶ뷢չγͥٻ谵ܣҲȲ췴γɵʧĹս
Եʹ˵Ӧþ۴䣬ɹǿԶ׼ģֻҪα𣬵ʱҸһͻ֮ʱܽЩļʶ
Ȼαкüʮ꣬뷨ȴǺмء
ҽοԪеѪԺӣ׳ҽ̣ʱֵȵγ̵ܿĴ£
仰һùܽʹӡԭΪ˿ɴ֣ҲΪ˰գΪ˴Ħ̣ΪԼҰģҪ
ʯһ˵οԪֻƽ׵˽к֣ҽ˲ĵΣܽס֣




ʮ Ī

ܽˣĵ⻰˵ò
еĸ֣ǲô
Ҳۣǰ׷ʲô书ȻǿȴԼ֮£Ҫ˵ǸĪصȣӢȣҲδӮ
Ҫ֪еĴһ֣رлѷɮᣬѼж֣ٿŽǸǰʮ
پŴУȷܴ󣬽к˲١
ֻʹֵԣҪǲκׯصǮԳʣĽóȻôܲɣ˽еĹ
ܽ˴һôĽѾйְˣʵôѵ޼
ʯ֪ĽΣĪǣֻϾǲκׯׯֻҪҽ̣κׯҲǲˣıĴ
ܽջĽô£ѵ֪̾Ƿһ
ʹ߼ǼȻˣοŹɢǰȥ׽Ľ
ܽһճЦˣʲôŹˣ
ʹϴָʾɢ׷ǵȡʥŮŮи͵Ϯ;ɢֻ˻һҽ̴Ԫʵ˴٣İë£书̫࡭
ܽԽԽǳԾԭղǻģֲùô֪书жǿ˵֮ǰָѾɱͬ±͵Ϯǲ֪͵ϮǺεȵĸˣ
ˣҽ̲Ҫµ˲ţʯĽС书סĹҽ̵ؼǬŲơ֮ͬɳǰεڰ˴ӽ⡶ǬŲơϣ
һʯЦһʹ֪ʲôʵ㣬ҵǬŲѾ˵Ĳ㣬ҽ̶ʮ֮УҲǵˣ
ֻʹصϲף񹦿մɣ
ܽˣԼҲ书һµ˽⡣
˵ڵӦǬŲʱ޼ɲ¡Ȼ޼ʱҪŭЧȴ޼Ҫáڹۣ޼һǵһֻҲǶ֣ܹڶ̶ʱڽǬŲ߲㡣
ڵƾ㣬һ֮Ҳ߲ǬŲƣʯĲ㣬ڹҪܶ࣬Լ·Ҳ˵ҪǿںĳлѷԼռһ
ڵָۣڹۣʯԼҪȻɽͻҪǿһ㣬Ҫȹϲ٣֮ҩʦЩǲ磬ֻǬŲޱȣ涯ʯŲѸߵһƴʦͻҩʦҪǺ˾澭ĹȣҲӦֻڲ֮䡣˵ʯĶ֡
ʯǺЦǬŲƣ仹˭ҵĶ֣
ܽ룬˵޼֮ǰֻдǬŲƵĸ˵㣬ȻֻһӵĽ߻ħһѵܸıʷɣ
һ룬ֻҲ˵ԭĽδؼ̣˵ܴĽݼҵĶתƹǬŲƵİǶתƹҲȷǬŲ֮ͬá
ʹֻǳԳ޽񹦸֮ʣùܽٶȶ
ǽʹ̸ֻЩеȻעĽľֹжĽľ
ʹˡ
ܽȵʹ˳Ѿˡ
ֵȵƬ̣Ƿʯĺ֪ѾھǴʱֻȻɹȴδܵǶˣ˾ֻԼҪ
ܽ˼Ƭ̣ǸڵļһﻹûΪʧٶȻʱҵĽ˵
ǸôĽأ
ΪѣؿԶһӰٵؿˡ
ܽһ£ǵӰȴѾԾʯݶܽһû㴦ȴѾ˹ܽ¹òյȴĪ
ĪȻԼһɵóһֻԼ־һűܽ漴˳ȥ
ܽҪĽ壬ڼĪܷߣ׷ȥ
ʯǬŲƵķر쾪æ˹Ų鿴ȴֻݶϼö롣Ī͹ܽṦǵһģҹɽľڶ࣬
ʯŭˡ
⴦֮ۺ˲ٻһɲ⻤ԶټǨɽãʵǸַܡԴʮǰ̽Сħʮ̵ĽڶأкֲپĶԵѳ̡ʴʯҲʵȱ֣ܽĪ׵ؾͽ
ȵ˾۵ʯʱʯһͨ˸Ͻϼ̲ļϸ
ܽǱ׷Ī˲ӳʮɣĪ׷Ṧ˵ãд󾪡ݴĽ߳Ů˵书˸͸ϳ˽еҶʹתֹ˶Լ֡ҹԪƣתֲֹڽУǰдʯȴһ֣ܲ
һ߼Уһ߻ͷ롣
ܽα󣬿ղʯ֮ѾԶ˾ǰǹܽˣĽģ
Īһ㶣Ųعͷ󿴿ܽΣҲм죬Ͽ˼ö룬ͣ˽Ų
ܽһ߿һƤߣԼ
ĪĹȻǹܽҲģôˣ
ܽ˵ҪԲκׯ֣͸ȥκׯѶϹپҲע⵽̵ĶҲһĽׯѾׯϣǵġ
Īɫ˱䣺ôׯϵģǰǰ׷Ѿˣ
ܽǱϹ֣ȴ˵ﲻ˵ĵطǿҼĽɣ
Ī˵ͷɡ
˵ŹܽתתأһƬСǰȻΣСرܿױ¶ĵطƬбȽϿһ
ĽţĪŹ֣ܽһôˣ
ܽ롪Ϊ㣡
ǵһ۵ģô̵ģ뱻ô
ĽȻ棬ܽͷصΧûˣģ
Ī˵һ
ܽĪһۣ֪˼˵ĹȻǿǱ֮ȴѷǰ˵ֻҲͷ
ʱܽҲĪƽϣҲ֪ĪȫڹķһСŮڲκׯϹˡһٶˣֻ롪ĪĽչٰҶĽвͣͳάɡ
ĽȴȥĪ͹֮ܽİֻҼ̣Ϊ˴ɱǵĽǴһͥôҾ壡
ܽǲǳ׵̣ǲκׯﻹգ
ĽƲƲ죺ʲô⼸Ѿ̵ĵϸڲ߰ͽڣкֲʮˣʤҺĪģ˶ѣ£
ĪʱһԵ˵ЩҲѾ˲κׯȥɽ
Ľһæϸʶ꣬αҲԼҵǮƺ̲סŭ죬˫ȭɱʯ죬ȥɱӣ
ܽʱ֪ʯʯ죬˵ҪȥɱһǴʯһεĳǾͻˣΪ˿ɴ֣̰ɣֻҪǮʲôʱؽκׯģ
ĽʯҿǴɣҲܳƵ֮ͽ
ܽĽִԲ򣬱ɱ°ΪУԼɣ
Ľ忴һ۹ܽ°գǲǻ㸸ĸ
ܽȥĪΪеӣҲȻλ书ǿӵζҲùɣ
Īܽ˵һȻ±׷ɱȴĽҲӡڵĽúõһģֳ춫ܵڵҪġ
壬»Ǵӳɡ
Ī԰һĽ壬ֶԹܽΪô
ܽұǵǣǱ̵ˣ̽һ£ǶѾ̣ʲô˵ģǼҲ⼸£˳ü߰ɡ
δ䣬Īˣ




ʮ թ

ܽһȥȻԶ΢ĽŲԼĸвĪڹȻǿԼȷٰѡĵڶˣ
ʵܽڹȻǳԿϣٹһ꣬һڹĵʮ㣬ڹҲͻͽȵʮ߰ϣڹɴﵽһľ磬㲻ȣҲҪ߹غĪġ
˵ļľ磬ǹеģǿж;кһܽԼҲףҲǿ
ʱֻĪҹҺ͹СͻȻ棬һʱʧ춯֣ʯǲ鵽ˡ
Ľˣһ£
ĪͻȻһĨΣܵô㣿
ܽŷ֣ڿտյģһӣʣһŴˡ
Ľûˣϴɡ
Īһ۹ܽȥѱһƣȥ
ܽаЦ˵׵ĺ£ʲô״
סЦϽϴ桪ȻѾʮ꣬ӽСִƣԼ14ⴲҲҲ¡
ĪҲ漴ϴӸס壬ڱȥڵϣһ˫ҲƵźһعɰöĿùܽ΢̾Ȼ˻ֻ֮ǽҹֻҪм֮ˡ
հͷҲаЦڴ˳£Ҫлأ
ʱĽڴߣȴ
ֹƬֻ̣ţĪŪɢͷ¶ڱ棬ܽΪƣҲĪϣֻĪֻһǶϸ˱ǣ˶ǱĽˣ
ǱĽȴҲ·ֻһţŭʲôˣ
һЦĽݹƽ
ǰܽģǰë˵ĺˡ
ȴĽһʲô£
ƽղŽ˴̿ͣ¹ʧҵǰѯ
Ľ֪Ǵ鿴ʵģŷɣʱֽҪšǻıµĪʾģȻȥš
ĽɽʱĪݳѾ
Īĸ٬δϣټĽǸȻûϳСѾȻǸʮĳŮӡ
ƽĽô׾ͿţҲԸ⣬ͷȥ
Ľһһжãô
ƽˣĽߵŮɢ䣬ж롪СССŮ˵Ȥ࣡
ƽִֻ̿δȥ˴ȫ빩ƲǰҲиӦ
Ľŭ书ôȻһ£
ƽһ㶣ЦС˾޴⣬ֻǵĹȫ
Ұȫúܣٴң
ƽһ˵һת鳯濴ȥǱĽ嵲סΪޣд̲ڴ˴ҳǴһ
ǸðĽ巭Σգֱȥſϵ֣ȴֻ¹һʱ죬ʵȥɺã
Ľ屾ϵǲһǲݵģҲ˵ͽһ˳һУȴ˳ˤͷ
ƽӹ֣ȻĽ书Щ࣬Ҳһоͱˤʵ̫СģһֻĽ岻ԼݣһƲӶ˳漷ĽĶתƹǹĽݵľƽҪ˵û˳һ˽ȥ
˲ͬǰëһϵ󣬲ⷢڨЦ
ƽ࣬Ҳ˳ƿ˷봲µȷˣվϿȥֻĪһɢڱ⣬ʲôҲ
ĽվЦαԼֲⷿʲô̶Ѩαôľ
ƽ˼ղѾ󣬲ԱһԱһ̽ȥһߵλŮ죬ȴ֪Ǻˣ
Ľһȴ׽ס֣һãҵѾȴҵӡαǿѣ
ĪĻҶöĪҲǶԵù
ƽȻȢһѾԼţ˼˵ϣܲȥ˼ŮӣҸղƽѾĽĹЩҲæʱֻԼˣЩҲûüԮ֣
Һһ£ȻˣͻˡǼֵҹɺã
Ľüֻܾ﷢ĪӣȻд̿ͣɣҲʡūĵģ
Ľ嵱ȻĪİŵģ±ãˡ
ƽȷĪи޻ɣĽӦֵҹֻ̿޹أ˼˵֮ģˡʵһƱӣȻԼ⼸˶ûĪҲع⡪ĽȻߣҲô̵ʱݡ
Īÿȥ̽ʱԱĿȥģԷ˷֡˷ֵĻĪҲصĽǴα̵Ļ̷źִ֣򵹶ԷģֻǶԷǸŮӣ̫д󣬲һʱ죬붾ˡ
ȴ˵Īܽ̽ͷһֻܽˣ򶼲ߣһ־סǣֻ˯ùң
Īͨ죺˵ʲô
ܽЦŴӱͷĪ˱ӣЦʧˡλĪ֡
˵ŶԶ˰˰֣ʾʱ˵ĺƽȣ񻹺ܺáǸƽҲûȥԶ̽Ľˡ
ܽСղǸģ
ĽЦ£ʯ죬ҼҴĶתƹҪָѧǽڵʲô񹦣˭Ҳҵҵģ
ܽʯҪĽĶתƹǬŲƵİأ϶Ľ˵Լղ£ĽҪСģҪױƭȡ˼Ҵķ
ĽЦҵ⣬һأ
ܽһ²ŷӦԭĽȡǬŲƵķǿԼ书ЦɵСģŹֻнĸлġ
ϵĪǰȥ̽ʱ˵̵ʥʥ˵ˣˣƺǻɽֻǲ֪ôôǿİ֣һ־ʹˣлһ̵Ļ̷
ܽһ뵽˻ɽõһӳȥԭʥֲûɽ书ͻͽԭΪʱʥ书ӦûѧȫҲѧȫΪǬŲơǸİ֣Ӧþŷ˰ɡ
ܽһ룬ʥ书ǻɽɽǬŲȴɽˡ˵ɽ˴ʥǬŲƵӰ죬Ҳδɣȴ֪ɽһϵ֪ʥķţ
ԣɽȷ˵б书ؼʧϱߣʥϵĹ򣬵ȷǻɽŵ书ɽĹҲȷԭ˵ʥƣɽȡʥȷԼŵģ
ʱĪֵ˵ʥȡȥֻģײұȻҪأ
ܽһԭֻĳ书ӦǳģԻɽ书ߵòࡣ
ܽԶ˵Ҫӳ顣ɽͽѾͶ˱ؤУҲȡʥǲҪ
Īԣؿ˹ܽһۣ⵱Ҳڴʤء
Ī˵տڲԣЦѡʤһս飬˿ĸִмңôƲ
ܽһ죬ֲ˺Ѷǰƽȣ֪ǵľѾپˣҸˣҪСġǹپˣΪϣ
Ľʱ˹ܽĳ·Ī˺ܾãһǾµĵطɽС
Ͼ̳ھӪĵطС̲û⣬ΪṦԲ˵ȷһ·ԹܽṦȫصɽ£Ӧò⡣
˵ĽŴһߣֻ˶ѻ˯˾ƣͲ̫ѣھƾﻹվס
ܽԾȥ˫㣬ȫ㵹ô¶֪˯˹ȥ
ܽһŵȷðˣһС˻δ˯ǺܾѵĻͻᷢȻû֤ǴĽķģҲʹĽĴΣա
֮ղƽڷеľȥ˵ջֵһðġ




ڶʮ ѵŮ

ܽʩչṦܿ찴Ī˵ĵ·ɽ¡ȷһվ·书ṦֻҪһԲ߲ˣ̻Ҳ֮С
صɽ£ҵ˼࣬ҹߡ
˼໹Ϊɽϳʲô£ôסһϣûҪߡ
ܽøͣ˼Ҳܹɣûʡ
һ·ϹܾܽԼǹˣ̣֮ǸʱûȣǴӾϻǸֵϣڵֻ̣һĽɡ
תһ룬̣ųƵʱĵһ̣ؤƺͿ˵һ겻񣬰оܶһսѳˡڵĵһؤһọ̈̄ȫڣȫ̶ȲϡǸʱˮתʱ̺ͶıȣԼ̫ѽ
һ·ϻص꣬˻ءĽСŮͺ籲Ӣ½˫Ҳͬڽꡣ
ؼŮмǻϲ֣ܽΪ֪书ǽն񣬽ǲҪȥðˡ
ܽЦ裬ҵСúܣðյģ
֪Ů֮࣬ҲԸ׷
ܽĸף֪׹ڴδ飬ȥӢ̸˳һ·ľ
Ӣʱһ˲κׯո߳ճǣͱ̵׷ˡ
׷һжʮˣ֣иʿ书ǿųתһå
ܽһݡѵת˿˵תֹԭʮĺѣȴ֪˰
Ǳ߳ӢȴȻ˵ţҲ˵ʲôɢˣֱʲô˳ӡͷӡ޹һãŽʲôʥģ
ܽԽԽľɽʹ˵Ǹʲôźⶾ˵ġٲɡƺҲԭиףٵˣΪпԭʮЩˣȻһ붼ˣѵԭеǱڹģ
Ҳǣ̣ʮѱ£ܺٵ߰ٶһȥɹ˵սҲֻ̣ܹڶʱѸٻ㼯֣
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֪ܽǼ˶Ǹ֣һåṦҲģʥͷ˶ҪԾ˵ҲӦͬһȼĸ֡κׯߵļСŮ𣬾ˡڶķҲδڶ̶̵ʱ٭ڳһ֮СĽһ֣Ӣ½˫˫ϱڣܵ˶ˣ
ؤеӢ۾ǰ
籲һԵΣˣҿؤеؤļϱǹͷӴ
ʲô
ܽһȻڹܽʷľƫϵͳһؤǺ̳У
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ϵһӢҲСڴʤʱӢ֪εĴӢۣҲǹܽĹѣܲȣ±ؤɱȥ
ӢһͷϧЩؤеֵ࣬书ȴԲ㡣ߣôǶȥֻܺǲаˡ
ܽҲȡʤôѵģ
ӢǺѵˣսߣ˺߹ǰͺһ־ʹһåԷƲˡ
߹˼ˣܽе㾪ϲ
½˫߹˵ŷؽҪģǺ˵ȥɽҪȥ㣬ͰѺүӸһȥˣ
ԭ߹ź˼ȴؤ˴˵ŷسȫӵ£гԾ֮࣬ҹ̴£ȴڴ˴Ӣؤɱ
˵ܽ˼ȥɽܶ棬ܷĵ£±Ҫǰȥ߹ûа취Ҳֻһȥˡ
ܽ΢죬书ô߹Ϊʦô
½˫Դؿôƽ׵سһȻûаʦˣ
ܽ½˫񶢵ûڣϽ˸߿
תܽһȥѶ
裬֪߹˼ȥô
أܽϽ߹䣬ʵǴ䡪ҪӺ֪Ĺʥ鱨
֪ѽôˣ
һ£ȥɽܶôҪʲôô
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˲üʤһսȻܽˣº룬ʵһֱ顣һֱ׺ΪʲôΣ»飬ʱֻǺδͣγӢסڽһ˵ǰЩڽ£ز֪ʵǶԼŮġ
Ů䣬̲סܽΪЩҪ㣬̫ܲҲΪã㾲úһô
ܽĸ׺ȻҪԼ˵һ֪ô£վ裬ʲô˵ɣܽأ
ܽСһ𣬲֪ն񣬶˽ҲࡣǰΪ㻹ǸӣⷽĽ̵ҲⷽҲ̫ע⡣ڽߵʱˣһЩӵĽҪעִ磬Ҫǳʲô
Ż˵ĻܽȻʧЦ裬а
ҡͷ̾Ϣ֪ܾܽóϴˣûʲôɱܻġǱϾŮбúÿѱЩӶ㶯ģֻ±곤ЩģҲҪ㵹
ܽһαĸ׳޳úÿвЩߣ衪
ŮԼزȰܽͷܽϴεǸҮͲ˵ˣڹͺô£
ܽü˵ʲô˼ɲأ
صܽģô㣿㿴㣬ûûСģһҸҲֱ˼ҵѵ᣿
ܽε̾˿û뵽ڹŴֱһ˵ҲУô˵ѵ裬ԼǼʮϽˣǻ
ؼŮһĲΪȻֵܽᣬǧ򲻿ɴ鰡һŮӣҪģ
ܽһ£ŷӦΣŮӵĵλȻҪ˵µģ˵飬ֻҪԭ겻˶˵ʲô˵ԭеһһŮ˵飬ɾͳˡˣ
ؼܽɫΪ˵ŮǸΪʦʵǲףڸ˵꿡㵽ϲһ
ܽϻڻ̬ԭСǸӣҲûù̬ܽɵõûúʦûиú˵䣬ôʹˣ
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ܽصˣҲ¿裬ܽСأ˵Щʲô
ܽҲСˣͼˡ
̾Ůķ٣ԺͲķˣҲҪЩŮ롷֮ˡ
ܽԴ󾪡һֱΪŮӶʮ鶼ģû뵽ȻӲˣҡŮ롷βҪģ
Ҫ˵ʲôֹĸ׵뷨ֵ½ʦĶҲһҪ򣬽Ҫһð
ܽ˼Ѫʱڼңôͳô£
޴䣬һؤӣԻһȫá
֪ǵڵĵӣҲ˲ú͹ܽ˵ȥӭ
ܽȥһظղ˵Ļеɺ㻺ǰ
ߵ⣬ȴһӵڽ꣬ҽ֮޿ɱˣ
Ҳ̾ҷڴؤִܶǨڽ꣬Ҳʵڳ鲻ְ
ӶѵȫҪһô
Ӿ˵ڵĵˡ
سε磬ɹίߣȻͼߣ
ֻŷҽʯȻɹ˲ˣ




إһ ǰ

ܽһѵɹ˵ȫȥģҪȫ̲ɣȫ̽ͽ£𴦻ǳɼ˼շɣô
ܽ뵽һⲻӿĸߣĵµĽĺû᣿
һ뵽ҪŮ롷ܽеͷƤ顣ǸϽʩչȥȡ
ϻܣƥܽûа취ֻô˫񣬳Ϊ˹һ·򱱶ȥ
ȥɽ·úܣҲᳵ·
ߵ·Ӣ˱׷
ԭܽˣ֪С˳͵Լ̸һȥɽˡǸϽгӢͬУҪ׷Ϲܽ
ܽУӢȻܽṦ˵ãڼ󱻳Ӣ˸ϡ
ܽԼͬȥɽȻСŮĽȥȫ̵ģҲлϲ˼ûڽɻָ书
ܽҲУϸѯȴԭɹҪọ̈̄˵ȫһ˺Ҫһȫ̵ƽ̡
֪µ̷ΪɣȫⵤеĿסⵤȴб֧ɣЩ֧ҲѱûͶɹ˵ġɹҪ˱ʲôɵọ̈̄ȻԲ˳Ҳǹͷ۵ġ
𴦻Ϊóɼ˼Ҫɷ𣬱˳ɼ˼ķšɹȴִȫˣҲ֪ˣ
ԭҲȷһ⣬ʱɹҪ־־־ƽȴ֪ʷľƫϵͳô仯ˡ
ܽ뵽һɽϣ书Ⱥϴ־ȫ̴ѣȫ̲ƽ˰ɣ
һ뵽ǸӣȴһòȻӣ̲ܽסЦ
ܽطЦ֪˼ֲʣֻÿ¶֮ɫ
ܽĿɫæֹЦУ
λŷ棬ʦֶȫ£
ܽ롪Ĵ󹦣ѽ˽֮£Ҳȷû˻ˡҪ檵ˣôȥʲôʲӵʿ
뵽ĺ룬뵽ĸ׵ĻвʷЩп㵽Щʲô
ܽҲԼЩֻͬǰڰһӵӣʵ̣ܽԹܽǾɿ˻صǷиЩҡ
ǹܽתһ룬ɽǰ·ʲôɼġʱԼޣôԼԼ޲ɣ
Ǿֺٶȵһ·ˡ
ڸϵɽ£СŮѾĽ½˫籲±ĽȻعĹˣŮȥ
ߵɽȴǰѾ岽һڵվ˲ɹűչӭƮҲɷǷ
ŮһɹѾּˣ
չɽȴһɹžס⡣
ƶ˵ˣǻұ̡
ǾŮòЦĸŮǺˣ
Щƶ׼׾죬ɽġ
ǾɫԵشŮɽڲȫ̵ƽˣ׼Ůӣɽв㣬ͬȥƫЪϢƬ̡
籲ĪãޱᱡδѾνʣһ򽫾ٴ˹ȥ
ܽȴԶʮһֻͣķӦԶŮ󣬵һָ籲ĳһѾѨЦλүĺˣֻǲѵһɽʶһ°ɡ
Ǿ˲䱻ѨоţҪкȴѨҲˡ
ܽȴһ籲ȥɹűûӦϽȥģ
Ů״Ҳæڹܽ빬ȥ
ܽһ·ӣԶԶ󣬽ֱȴƣһɹŹԱվڵУִһʺ½뷷ȫƽΪݵʦƽ̣Ĵ⿪ʹˣƹ·
ܽ˲öδڣһԾȻֽǰƽ˲ţȫ¾鶨ƶƽ̣ɹŹ뷷⣬СҰ졣
˵ȫֻʣһȻݴƽְ֮
ܽδ԰Ĵһ࣬ȫڵʿ
ܽһգƾо֪ԴӺկҲٴˣоеġ
СܽãҪսһܵסɽ
ܽǵһκСܽ˭ôҵģ
㲻ǲҽܽô
ܽеߣ㻹ǽܽɣ
ȻȺ濴ȥȴɽŷɹǱվţվģĦǡӺ
ǺãͽܽȻҪȥס常ȥסɽӦܵסĦǣӹѾǰˣʣµľͿȺŹˡˣ֪ɹҪ˭ȫƽô
һĻùܽеΣһôˣʣ˭
ָָһߵһ䣬ܽ˳ָȥȴҮǱߵϣüͷԼƼվߣҲһԹΡ

ܽʮ⣡
˵ͷҪ˵ųӢŮˣϲæ⣬ǹ
ȫ˲ĸòŮӣĿо¶ɫֻæǽڵơ
ȴ˵ɹŹԱ˰ǻǲϰƽ֮λҮ롣
Ӳͷ۵ùܽӢ˵ԷӺ֣ܲգµλҮɹʦܲͨĴˣݼȸߣ긻ǿ֮ˣѾ㵱ƽҲ˶ˣαصʱٶ£ھͰƽ֮λҮɹӲô
һҮ룬ʦ겻˵λСֵܵݴɣʦĴˣҲ׼ҵӣδҵ洫̴ͳ
ʵɹҲĶӳʿǵ˼ֻҪҮọ̈̄ȵȫ̸ΪɹŷĽʱѡƽ̡Ү뵽ʱٻױɡǲףɹţɼҲû˸˵ʲô
ӵ㻳ҮɹӵݣǺβ³һ¡
ʶܽˣȴϵŷ棬֪³֣ҪսһϴιŷɽѾ˲ˣζԷڶ࣬սˣҪӦأҪƽְ֮ɹˣʵвʣ
һԵȻԸ֣˵书СλҮɹ˫ȫΪȫ£
ʱһЦȫõʲô
ʵȫҪڽ̣ϵĵ̣ҪǷɵһ̵£ڽʵСֻ˵ȫ£ҲΪΪ֮ȷ½֪
֪书̫Զʴ˼ԣһʱǲҴǻ
תһ룬ŷڴˣ
СҪſǰڶֵ࣬õ˵
ɹ˳Ƥգ֪ȫ̵Ĵӵţдһ˵˵ŷĵ⡣
Ǳ߹ܽѾŷѾɹƸˡܽ룬ŷͱƸ񻻸ЧҲ
߹ܽɽΪؽɽׯԲŸɹЧŷҲǰɣ
ҪߵǲһܵģѾԺ籲˵ˣһȥСŮĽҾ벻ֻҪҮƼңȫҲµġ
ҿҮӣȫǸѼϼܣҲ֪ʲôҪвŻġ
Ҫ˵ʿƼóȥã
ȻԸĪˣ
е㻵ĵ롣
һҲ£ſھ͵ӣ£ֲ˵
ӱ˵һʱܲΪɹµİɣǺƸıͣɹŴ󺹵ʲôˣǰȫǿںҵϡ
²һҮ룬ĵСӲûʲôôҵ£ҺοΪǿУ
ʱŷ浹̲סˡһֱ㿴ȫ̲˳ۣϴα˺һЩ澭ϵĹȻҪֵģǴʱﻹпﲻһСѿ๦򣬷Ҫˣαȥ
ŷµ˵˼ˣʲôֵ¼°ɣ˾ȥ
˵һȻά˲䣬ȴ˹𣬴Ѿĳ봵




إ ϻս

׼ȥŷһֻ顱һزڵϡ
ʱ߳Ӣ½˫һһңͦŷ湥ȥ
ŷݺʱӢ½˫ûŷôСŮݣһжСŮҲǴʧݵ£ŷ˫ָһ뻡ץŮĳҪǵĽ˳ҲͰˡǻ᲻ᱻԼһǾҪԼ컯ˣ
û뵽˽һһȴ¶ϻһԲĽ
ŷһ桱һһ̧ȥгӢĽ⣬һѹ½˫ĽС֮ǰ
ŮԿͳԿŷ̫ԶСŮʹ׽ŷַʽֵġСŮް⣬ȴּϳӢ½˫࣬Ųˡ
Ůһ裬бʽһһңһŷͷһŷҸ¡
ŷ˫ȥץ˳½˫һŮͶӴŷǰнȴȥŷʺӢһƽƽ½˫ϻдأϵۣŷһ˫һϣгӢ½˫ȴһߵУֱȡŷ涥ţӢнƼŷǰһƬ⡣
ŷαУȻκβöŮɵôΪȣдΪɥֻԼʮ겻֪˱ȻСʰˣ
Ǳ߻ɽŷŮ£Ҫǰܽȴ߳ȺֱŻɽԴ֪˻ɽʹʥϵ书֪ܽԼϴá˫ۡҪԸɽʵõģҪԸʥĹ򣬵áۡҪϡۡԼɽҪ֣ܽ߳ӡ
ɽܽǵ˫ðˣִʥܽ
ŮԷĵ˲סдϲڵʿغŻҪ
ʱЦذγڵϵӵȥõģɣ
һۣо롪С书ʵǸǣۼСﶼڲƽͽǺαΪɹ
Ħǹһһִ߱Ѿǰȥ
ɹŴǰôҲȥо޵˵һҲûУ
ȴ֪ĦߣԴӽַȥ󣬸Ϊµһ֣ŷ棬书߳࣬һ޴йȻҪ๥
֪ǰھȣӺֵ³˴ΨĦֻСܣ٤󹦴޻֮Ȼ֮ġ
Ħദվã֪书ʵǲ£Ǿаʤֻһһ˫˫
һЦԭˣ
Ħ߱ͽƣӺȴǽŻƽ֪⣬ȥߵӺһƽĦͱȥ
Ħ֪ۻ룬Ӳӣö̱ý֮ƣȴק֮͵һӺɨȥ.
һ˺˫۾粻ǰһɨæˣȴһĿյ˳
²ǲתһ࣬һС󴨡ĦǻȥĦǲӲӣ϶̱
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ʱٶϣû˳޵ıޱĦҲһ˫סԼϵ߱ޣһȣһƶ̱޳ô飬ȻĦǺȥ
Ħ˫Լıȴһ˾ԼУһһֻ߱޲Ƭ
ڻԼҲЦ
ʱ˫һСʱһ˴ȥĦƣһƣˣȻ֪طǳȴû뵽صӰԼһʱֻ֮ȥ
г񣬰Ͻȴ鼱֮ºһȥõòԣȫϣʮƵȫɽϴϣڵϣ۶ѪҲ޷
Ӽ֮ȻƷһִ꣬ˣ߳ŭȥ͵ϮŷԵеĳӢ½˫
Ӣ½˫ʹŮĽ϶ŷ棬˫̫ԶҲܹƽ⣬סŷ棬ʹ޷
һ͵ϮöŮھһԵԭһֱעҮ롪ΪҮɹһˣȻԳܲͨĴˣȻҲмֹģȻҪϼӷ
½ŮΣȻԹۣһӴȥ
书֮ϣһұȣʲֱһƴѪ֮£ռϷˡ
Ǳ߻ɽܽѷѽ⣬ܽһԽɽ֧ʥѹ̧ͷ
ɽѧ֧ʥϵ书ʵǳĹѧȫˣܽҲδѹƵס书
һԵȫڵʿľʵĶ񶷣һʱƵĿѣԣ׷׿ŵ˵ʽ书ӡ֤Լѧ
һһԶһסĦǶˣȻռϷ磬Էֻ֧ܿš
ӵԹŷ书ַֻ߲֮ͣʴԭֻʤްܣϳӢ½˫С￿һ׸Կȥƽƽ棬ȴϵ޷Ľŷס֮ߵļˡ
ӼƶԼԽԽԷʣµȻֻЩĴĵӣܱɹʿսҪǿƴűڼͷһҪ
ϸչţһƬǰҪʱȴһʹҲƿȻֻۡһͷһһȻֱʺ
˫ĿԲſǰˣȻǺ籲
ԭ籲սһ𣬱ǰԼģԾȥСŮĽʱŶɽԮ֣ǰɹűСŮĽ˵£籲϶ȴ뻹δȴһ˴ӵڵݳʶһȥ
ȴû뵽δǿڰ޴Ȼ籲һ
籲Լµ˾ȻӣҲһ㶡Ҳ벻ĸֻᱻԼһ
˼һ㱻籲ֻ籲书и
ˣ˫һƣƴȥ籲ڵſڣǼڣҲҵԱһȥˡ
ĦǴʱһϣȻһȸ
ĦˣпɮˣԲΪ޵ĥ书ķšĦҲ׿޹ŹȻ֮ʹܹʱסµһݣȻҲӳȥ
ŷѾȫƣߴˣֱɹ֮УӢ½˫ĽЩ˸סֻúԾٽɹűһֻᱻŷԲ
ŷŮܴ죬ɽǱȥգ߰ɣ
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ɽæ˾ضᣬȴһͷ
ŷʱӵɽߣһƿһƱܽ
ܽץʥţҲ֪˼˫ŷġ
Ǳ߳Ӣ½˫ɽ౳ɽתŲ߳Ӣ½˫ϰҲ֪ôת֫ģȻ˫߶ˡ
ܽȴû˫֣ɽһɣһϲӢ½˫˳ȴá͡лɽ⣬ɽֻСһ飬öʥҲסе䡣
ԭܽյûɽ˻֮ʺ֣ɽͬԼԼ˫ϼһȵϢǿԵӢ½˫Ľʱǿ֮ĩָܽͨľҲˣܽСѨϣʱöʥڵϡ
ŷʱذסɽߣɽҲ֪ٲȥҲûʲôýֻʥŷȥ
ܽöʥ˵㣬Ҳȥ׷ϻɽŷҲǺս⣬һ裬ÿ·ʹŷȥ
ɹűӵӣﻹսæɹŹԱˡ

лҪ˵û뵽~޷ķҲǽ~




إ 

һߵҮ룬ȴһҲţֻ㶵ؿսĹܽȻ̾һվ˹ֵˣ±֮£ֻɼ
˵űͷȥƼŹܽ˶촽Ҫ˵ЩʲôȴڻǱ죬Үȥˡ
ǰҮ룬ȴǰĵ۵ʦ棬ȥɣȷүӵͽܣǿҲܰôģ
ദգ̴֪˷ȫܶɹ˵ȻɻҲֻа֡
ʱɽµСŮĽҲɨɹűõ˰ãҲһ
䲻ϵСŮĽϴѪ˴磬֪˳Ƕ˸ղڵһɱභʴ˵ңҲһ˴ӵԮ
ǰѯлȴ½˫籲ǰСŮһʦ壬һ½˫ӢղŶŷǼģ֪ŮĽֻ½˫书ǿǺ籲һɱӣ˵żȻҲҪһųɵģڼ˽СŮʦ壬ֻСŮ书ߡ
ʱмСŮĵǰ˵ݣиǰôҲϲڶӵھ书˸˼Ҷݣǲɷˣ
ǰСŮϹ
СŮȫøУһ뷢԰׵ϵʿԼ񣬱Ҳһ
СŮ˵˼лĻ󣬺ض½˫λҲǹɵİɣ
СŮ֪Ҫ˵ʲôȻͷǡ
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Ӣ֪ҪղڿǰͶ˵Ӧ֮ǱЦԶʦд轻գȫ潣ҵļλʦּöˣҲ͵ѧ˼УղΣʹ˳ҵ˻ӣ⽣Ȼϧδ洫Ȼ޻ء
Ӣ⼸仰ȫһ£ʵղõĽȫȫ潣ʲôСֻ˵ˡӢ˵õˮ©Ҳûֻ벻ͨȫ潣ôˣ
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Ϊ˼ȫ潣ʲô˼˵Ҳʲˡ
ʱܽѾʱ¶˵ˣ˰죬ȥҲǰ취ǰһߵʦ棬ǹȻʤˣǲһֱס̫ʦҲײβҪˣɹô죿
γ֪һսǲ󻼵ģܲǿҪ˷ʿƽ̰ɣ
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Ĭãŵʲôⲻɣ
ѯи취Ҫ׼
׼жԲߣæ׷ȥ
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ˣɹˣҿ⼸һֱһԲʲôԣ취̽һ£ȻʦΣ
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زȵϷƽһְɹҲ̫ˣʱ˭Σ˵㣡
һҲǡʵȫȻסǵĵڸзֹۣҲԼĻҵʴ˶˵ô̫С
ĵڵԾɽϽ̫幬Ϊ𣬹յӣųȫɽɡӣҲдˣ̷ˣҲдˮ佨ΪʦУԳȫɣֻӰСˡ
Ĭˣܽ˸OKƣȻߵСŮǱʩһþò
СŮֲΪͽڼȴҲΣֻǵ˵ͷǰþˡҲڻô
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ܽϵǣҲֻǺһ£Ը뿪
СŮĽعĹȥ籲ҲȥˡӢ½˫Ѱ˸ƫס£ܽ˵˸ղ̸˱㶯ȥҮ롣
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ܽƼЦЦȻҮҮɴ磬ô뵽Ҫʿģ㸸ͬô
Ҫ֪ҮĸҮɳɹسϲöӳҲǣ
Ү̾˿Ҹ׷ֱɣĻʺϣҲòΪǵĳΪҸ
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ܽҮ˵󣬵ҵиӣȿȫ֮Тֲ֮壬ҮһҪӳ飡
Үǰһʵʲôӣ
ܽһЦЦҮΪ̫ʦ״ӣƽ̣޲ɣɹŵĲ⣬ܹˡ
ȫ̵£Ȼ˵ֻҮܽʾ⣬ӹͷ˵вΪ⣬вһ
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ܽ˵ǸȷܾҮĻᣬֻίĲҮɴ磬ӡ
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إ ھ綷

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ﲫȴǳһֻԼ󲡳æһ֧صĶͭú磬
Ųæҵδζͭ˵ͷϣﲫˡ
ʵﲫǰӵȫ潣ֻûͬԼˣ˵õôһ۵ˣҲһƴ
Ǳ߻ɽȻԼҲĸ⣬һΪɫбŭɵúȵͽ˭Ҫߣ
˿һȻ׼ʯ죺ʦ㲻ңȴ㣡
ɽһҲ˿һŤתֱʯ챳ϵĺץȥ
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ĽЦЦܽ˵˼䣬ȻǰҪ֣ᣬᣡ
˵˫ְﲫ¶˵ıԴﲫֻһӿȻԼıشһߡﲫֻ֪Ľ忴׼ԼʹĿյ˽ļɣȴ֪Ľݼҵġתơаѡ
ĽЦŶﲫµλҵĽֵȥҽ̵ʥʥġⲻѾҽ̵ʥˣ
˵ֱȥʥ
ﲫǰֻභȴδעŵʥһȻǱʥҲ
һ۹ܽܽ˵ͷҲĽ˱ϵʥ
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ĽܹܽǱߺڶȴͷ𣬳жʱˡ
ɽһͽΪɫʦţ˼ȴҲһۣ
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ʱﲫ¹ʯ죬ﲫȥɽ
ﲫͱҪ彭λҲߣɽʦͽϵȻȥͽܶ֡
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һ㶣ŷӦڳԴףвЩЦҲЩŭҲʹ湦ԵС
һĽ彫ʥʯ죬ʯӹʥ˿ϲ˶ҽʥȻұǱˣ˹Сұص͡
ĽЦΪЧԵپѾ붴УǰѰʥպãŷپ
ʯ챾ʥʧãڻϲپѾ붴У󾪣˲ϸ룬æѱϵĺӽ£ӽöİںϣ׼ٰǰصϡ
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ʯŭͷƽĽ
Ľָһ뻡һ黷һбʽʯľ£Ȼһ˫һ񣬽ɾʯ죬һЦҸҼҴ书ؾǲǬŲƵķ֪ûУҿһ£۽ɺã
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˵˫ֻһĽͻľһߣ˳Ľ屾˶˹
һԵĹܽڿնȥǸȥˡΪܽ˽ԶʯûѡֱȥӣѡȰĽȿ
ȵĽ屻ǰʱŷֹܽṦǺεȵľˣ
ֻܽһӣһ˲֮ӵ˶ߣȻεضǺȥδֹ֮ʱ׷ȥ
ʯȴΪĽߣֻ˫Ľ˵
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ܳˣȴŷ棡
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ŷŭܽ׷ȥ
󾪣æһơެŷȥ
ŷʲ߹˰죬ֺ߹Ľʮʮǰûʲô仯һƴЩɻ󣬱Ӧֻ顱һ˾˻βվ
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ʯǬŲĽĶתƸʤǱϾڹٵо鶼ĽΪǿһʱ佫Ľˡܽ˽󣬽ŲҡΣԼ߹˶дϲһС黳ȡĽ⣬תһץܽ
ܽҪܣȴһ᲻ֻͷĿѣŷղͽֶὣѾ⽣˾綾
ʯʲżܽṦ˵ãѣһȫȴܽȻֵΪܽгС
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󼱣ܽˣôŷȥҲ˲飬ŷȥŷڰգȻ㷴ದһ׷ĺ
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һȫģŷԵУһοɵȫʩΪŷʶǽʮеҲҵζٴ죬һˣ󡹦֮࿹ֻ䡱һ죬˶˳ȴ𣬶ŷȴɫһһףûܶˡ
ǱʯЯ˹ܽѾһȥ˲ŷ棬ʰһ׷ȥ
ŷʱƬ̼ϢѾתӹƱȴԱߺһһһִ𴦡ǱˣǾָؤ߹ˣ
ǱͺҲ˲ûͷ˴߶׷ֻ׷ü˺档
١һһף׷ȻһԽǰֱ׷ȥ
Լ죬ʱҲ˲ʲôʧ䲻ʧˣϽе˶ˣֻѱ
ԭǶڻɽղżŷӳǶ̽ϷڵĹâּ֪ѽĶæ
˺Ļиס߶ӿ첽
ʯ׷ҲЮŹܽӶȥۼõһʹڴһϿһصطȴѾ׷ϡԭֻɽѧСΧѸޱȣǳıܣ
оһֵṦо񹦵ĵӣʯ챧һˣܵù
ʯ죬Сү㲻
׷ȥ
ʯȴǻͷЦҪһȥɣ
˵ڴһʯһѣֻ±һǧصľʯʯȴǽܼ˹ȡ




إ 

󼱣Ǵ˿ͣһͣȻᱻʯУǱҪʯˡҪﱻʯһǹﲻ֪жС·ʱ㷭ʯȣȴȥҹܽ
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ϵҪǬŲƣȴǰת֮ʯߣʵȴִ˫ۡʯ첻֪ϻ湦ǬŲƷתԷԼϡ
ֻءƶʯ֮䣬ʯ߹ǼȫۣѪ絹ڵϡ
֮ǰжȥʯ֮ʵڸѴˣ˺ˡǿʯ죬Ȼһ֣ҲʯڹഥǬŲٶȻѾҵϢ硣
ھ٣¼ѪһҲòϣŹܽǰȻ̱ڵأûƶһȥܽ
ȴ˵ԶԶһʯ£־ŭȴһΣٶȲУȻѴʯ˹ȥ
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ʱܽǰæͳöҩ裬ܽС
ϹܽжҩֻǻɽģǶ֢ĽⶾҩԹܽж֢״ֻǲټȴ⡣ĶЧȴȻܹȥܽ
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˵һ˺ܽͷ·¶ѩҲƵļͷֻǴӱƵļѿʼѾһڣѾǰٲⶾⶾȻƻอĻܣùܽȥ
ҩ裬ȥ˱ܽ˿ڡ
ֻܽͷһƬľнظ֪ؿڵķҲƽֹƬ̣ܽѾܸеƬ촽Լ˱һĸо
ܽǰڣδκйܵĽӴ񱻺Լշת˱ȻԵĸоҹԼѨԼߵͨ졣
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ܽһˮī飬һߵôī֭ϵģĪˣ
ֶȻҪŵģȻһŪʲô书ؼѧǸö
ܽаЦ͵ؾĹĹ߷ʲô߶У
Ƭ̹򣬹ܽĸʥϵƬŪˣȻʥҲĽ塣


إ 粨

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ĽЦŵͷӹʥתĪŹȥ
֪ܽδýԼĻ⻰ԼҲˣֱܲӸ߲ķʮžǴķƾ˵İɣҲֻȥˡ
ʱ߹ԸĶƵеһʱ׼Ժҽⶾҩŷ֮Ȼܽ˵ģԻָ־ûлعֻ˳ЩƶҩȻܽˣﻹŵõͺ
߹˹һ߶ԵϢ߹СӣҸղżõ찡ʲô
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ŭҪ֣ȴһСлڡʹñԼ޴иŭֻǵʱеǰˡ
жղõʽΪ͵ѧ⽵ʮƣôԼ˳֣¹ܽˣжжŭǱ
һ׺߹˼ֻǸղһʱ鼱˵࣬ܲ˵͵˹ɡΪ˹ֱһԼ˵ѵģʱǸѿ
ܽʱڸؤʯλã߹ʮƵ֪áȻС͵ؾĹǲԣҲûʲô̫Ļ£ҴôˣҪԲǱ߹ȥ߹ѧ˽ʮơƮϵõġûи㣬͵Լû뵽·Ʒ̫ǿˣúܲ
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ǰһᣬתһѱʩչṦһȥ
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ܽɣһ룬ԳӢ书ټ½˫Ѿˡأ˺ʹŮĽϵǵȷûʲôʤˡ
Ǻ籲Ȼ˵ܽҲǿʣֻǵ֮أסҼô
籲Ϻһ£Ҳ£ҺܾΪˣΪ֮³һ
ܽһ¡û뵽籲Ȼˡ
ѵΪ˺
ܽ͵ۿһۺû˿ı仯ͲȻٿףҲȻڳԷ籲˸ûκε
Ҷˣ
ܽ˵ͷ𣬵ڻĹ籲Ψһ³ˣȷһܹܵģԲܹĿ֮ģ
ʱѾ³С˳ùܽãһ١
裬þûˣ̫ˣ
ܽһ߳һ
ܽһ£ô֪Ҫ
ܽ˵߹ӲѹڨЦûд
ؼɫµ˵ʲôҲ˵ƣֻŮЮˡ
ù緹ŹȥѲӾӡĵµıҲפ˽긽ҲһֱʱʱȥѲӺͲʿԱ֤ʿǵĹ
籲طԼȥ˯
Сһһڷ÷ģǹܽ󣬻ؾͰСһｻȥôòײŻŮ
ܽλô
غӣһߵĹܽ
ܽһ˫ãǰ׵ķۣڵ׳ʵһʱаޣȻûĸ˵ʲô
ؼܽŵóЦһ£ģѾͷλ˰ɣ
ܽŻعʲôˣܲһֱ߰һƳģ
ܽŻصĸ첲
صһ¹ܽıӣܽ˵ʵһǲǶһ𣿡
ܽ׻ص⣬ֻǵͷû˵
ص֪ôĶûн⡭
ܽһôƾ߹⹫ı£ⲻⶾôһƴʦأҹûУ




 

صŷĶôý⣡ڴԼⶾѹƵĵԼѹƸʮ겻Ḵʮ󸴷ĻнҩҲûˡ
ܽǲ˵һҪʮƷŷ棿
صͷԭֻΪһҪĻɽ۽ʤܱҩġϴھȣʦɽ飬ⶾڴʳֶĽҩ
ʱȻһ£һ۹ܽŵ㣬һֱȥԸĻɽ۽
ܽüʲô˼ԼҼ޸
صܽôô˵
ܽڹʾж飬ǽܲġ
صŮңҪһĶԼõô
ܽԻֹŴŮӵ뷨ʵ޻˵ˣֻõ裬ô֪Ƕõˣ¶õˣҲϲʲôأĻݹѵ԰ְֲô
صɫ˱䣺ô֪ݹµģ
ܽҵġ
صÿ㻰㶼ƣһҪ˵Ǵ֪ģ
ܽʼ磺뿪ɽ󣬺ȥɹǶһʱ䣬Ӧ˵ʲô
ص֪µ綼ˣȥ
ܽɲ˵˭֪Щûа˵
شŭܽ⣬ǿŮǿкһһƾ͸ĳḧ˹ܽգܽﶼΪðʲôҪҪÿĵģ
ܽижסأУ裬⣬֪ҴûҪΪʲôҵĺôҲֻܸĶΪ˾ͼ޸Ϊ£һˣĵȼ֪ô
̾˿˵ЩȻ󶮣ȴ˼ǲ֪ô뷨˵Ĺֻ
ܽЦЦ裬ղŵĻ㲻ҪϣҲ˵ǻݹãֻ˵˺˵ĸ飬Ǻܼ򵥾ġ£ûйƽƽġĸ飬ղҲǳ¡길ʶݹǰ˵Ҫƽǻݹ͸ü޸ְְֲ֡ȢΪɹˣҲΪ̣Ϊǰְ˰ЩֻǰְѡĽڡŷɱĶûб¶ְִŻȢ˻ݹɣĲǰ鰡ֻ޿κεѡ񡣶ڲûʲô޷ԽϰΪʲôܺúõѡһ£ѡһҸϲأ
һĳƪۣؾȻվûгһϹܽ
ܽͣһ£ĸ׵ͺƽȣûʲôӣֵҪһݴĸ飬ѵôҰ˭˭ңҶϣֻǷݰ飬ҪʲôҲҪʲôǿֻңˡңңҾһҪȻʧˣĻҾԭϲģҲҪ޸ѵҪֶ˼Ҳܼ޵óȥô
رܽ˵һΪȱŷ˱ΪʧڣضԴ˻󲻽ҲʵڹֲȡҪҲ˵ڡ˵Ҳֻǲˡ
ԼŮϣԼί
ǱܽǹΪʧڣˣ
ܽȻʧЦ裬ô뵽ģҶˣΪƲңҲΪƲԼ
ЦЦǺܺðϲô
ܽһ£ֻεҡҡͷһŴ̸⣬ʵпѱ磬ֻ˵裬ˣ̫Ҳ֪׶ʲô˼Ҳȥ˼ֻҸ򵥵ġ
صôˣ
ܽҪ˵ĺ룬ǻȴ˵ˡΪڸûкκŮйܵĽӴ
ؼŮӲϿڣΪܽʲô˼˵̾˿ðɣǾôӦù򵥰ɣô
ܽ룬ҡҡͷ裬ǲһҪڼǵʱ޲УڸһӣֻеڻɽʦߺĶ̶̼죬˵ĻһҲһپ䣬ҸͲô̸϶ϲǲϲ
͹ʱܳ˰˽ô
ܽ룬ŵʵеķҪȺصģΪǱϾһʱҪһ㣬Ҳһ㡣ⲻǰ飬Ϊû󵽵ģҾҶҲֻһĸ顣ֻݸ飬Ҫȱ˸ذˡ
ؾ˹ܽĻصܽȻ˵İ鵽ʲôҾղ˵ĺ񲻶Ŷ
˵ЦӯӯذѹܽƳԼĻ˫磬˵νǸ飬û󵽵ģôΪʲôأô֪ǸһҪأ
ܽûϵĸ׻һ˵ôִĻһʱ˵ƿԡ
ؼܽĿɿڴӣ̲סϹܽķңܽϣƽعһϣʲôõģϣᱻڱ˵Щʲô
ܽ̾˿һ̫ãֻϦǾ󣬻˭ǵأûкˣֻҸϲҲô
صӢܣ㲻ôʱ˭˵˺ܽ㲻̫˽ֻԼѡϲģ㻹Ҫǵ˰
صĻͬһ׵˹ܽùܽһඥһ㡪ǰǴӶʮһģʲôʸʲôȨҪʱ˺һҲжʮһ͵˼룿ΪԼҪİ飬ȥ˺ʱˡ
˽ô˽ɣ
ܽʣһϣԼȷòԣڶԴʱ˺ͶԴԼʱȫ̬ȡԶʱ˵ʱĻʱ£û˻˵ʲôԵģԼȴһԸΪֻаնʮһ͵Ϊ׼²ǶԵġ
˺ߵ˰ΪЩˣʱĹ˰ְֺһδεԭңǱˣƾʲôԹ޻ڵسűԼ˺ΪϲԼôԼİõݲܵĳ谮
ܽԼ˼һ仰Ҳ˵ˡ
ؼŮճյط㶣۰ֵܽô˵ĶΪеģҪҪȻһҪǷģ̸ֺʲô飿ҪͬѡͲǷΪݹ̣ȻĵģҲ壬޷˵¡
ذôصҲ˵˳ܽҲĸжͶĸ׵ĻرŻص˵ˣҺúһ֪ôģ
ص˵ͷãȥɡķ䣬һֱдɨܸɾҲûס
̧ܽͷŻأҲĸŮôţܽӻصп˹ذ֧֣ףʲôľĸ׶֧Լ
ⲻΪĸҲΪضԼŮΡ֪ܽһᴦһеġ
ܽ˻صķ䣬һ·£ص˾ΥĹ뷿
ⷿһУȻõúǰһģһոڴ£Сͷͽˡ
СͷҲʮˣܽҲĵúܡܽһֱΪػأÿ춼ڿشɨܽķ䣡
С㣬Ǹιӣأ
һ꺮ů֮Сͷðһ䡣
ܽһ£ҵķˣ
Сͷһ£С˵ʲô˼ҿǫǫӣôСķ䰡ֻԺ￴Сķ䷢ˡ
ܽһҲǣԼǱӰˣҪǽԼĹ뷿ͲԼʧ⣬ʧˣ
ЦŴСͷȥЪϢԼһڴ¡
Ŵôãܽһվڹ˵飬˺ܾãžҪҺѻ˵
һֱŻһ糾͵ӣƣۡʿҲǸ
ܽһʱÿڣȵ󣬲Լȥߡ
ܽԼȻϲ⣬æӦˡеֵؿһ۹ܽǻغܿͰˡŮ£ѾⲻٸˣٰŮߣ
ܽڴϡҹУĲ£Ҳչ൱Ѹ١
Ǻܿܽͷ˺һͬĵطԼߵÿ컹һֱվԼĲǰһĵطȲԶҲȲùܽҲ¹̫ܽ࣬һľ룬Ҳ롣




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һľ룬ʹúΪܽ˺ܶӿ˳ʱ򣬵Ǻһʿ
ֻǡǡ෴Լһĵطɡ
⵹˵Թܽں֪ܽӡܽϲܱͻأĺ⡣ҲΪԼǸҪΪԼڵˣϣŮ˫ͬеֵͬദʽ
뵽ܽȻʶ˵ڰעԼˣΪʲôԼص˼Ҳ֪
һ಻֣߲أ
ܽһֱĬĬ̲סڡ
ܽŻعȻģҲûע⵽ǡȻܶ˵ŮΧ۵£Ҳһ׼Ǳǰһ֣Щ飬˺ܾãšЩˣ㽻ѵġ
ĽŲһ£ȻЦҲûʲôΪģĸԸġ㲢ûҪЩ£ҲΪʲôɿǷҵģҲҪϡǰĻҲȥʹˣָңЩ飬ЩԲ
ܽ黹ûʲôҲ˿ֵô뵹Ҳҵ˼ǣ
ܽ˵ǻǴ𣬵תһ룬һ˵⻰Ҫʲô⡣ִˣɷĿɳĻкܶ࣬һŴ̸һɣʱָúԼĶԲ˼һԻ˰ɣֻһ˵ǲ׵ġ
ֵĶǿȥʳɡˡ
ЦЦǻưҵĶµİɣ
˿ܣֵ¶Ǻʦ˵Ļתưġò壬˵Ҳʵʦ˵ⶾǰиʳйûڴʳҵʲôⷨ˵ʳһҵⶾĽҩȴҲδأ
ܽüȻʦ·Ϊʲô԰ѽҩ㣿
һװһϵüͷҵĶ¼˭ܽ⣿˭ҽ⣿
ܽѧŷѧòײ̲࣬סЦһ£ҹеĵƻУԵޱջú
ܽǾһϣҲܷһĻɽ۽ûܹŪĽҩǸô죿
˹ܽһۣȥ˵ֻ⼸ûԸĵط£ˡ
ܽһ£ôô룿
Цһ£еѵҪһȥ磬ȻҲҩһ˹Ǻõģ
ܽ˵һᣬ⹫Ҳ˵ĶûΣ
ЦҡҡͷȥˣɮǰҲ˵ⶾûôɶаϵۡؤλǰ֣ⶾѹܻꡣ
ܽĬĬһҲ֪˵ʲô˵ʲôοĻǶģܲ˶ɣ
ܽȻЦӣҵĴˣҲɷ羰˵ЩģҲܾûˣһɡ
ܽǱ߳һЦݣһȥȴþ޷ƽ
˵ЩԼ޹أȴ֪ǲܵģ˼ҾΪԼеĶ
ɵﳤ̾жԼжðǾǣҵһȥʳˣ
ڽ˼죬ܽ¶˾ģҵȥʳɣһȥҲҩҲ㡣
һ£Ȼ㲻˵ġҡ
˵ˣ
ܽϺĻҾҪȥͲᷴڡȻһﶼùģ
͸жǺοࣿ
ܽû£վҪȥһġ
˵ŰѴʥƬʥϵ֣ȥ˹ôŹȻߵĲ·Ҳż书ʧҲǿϧ
β֪ܽдǣȻжǰȥչܽ˫֣ܽһתȥźۼرܿһҪһˣһˣǾͳ
һ£㡭Ҫȥô
ܽҲ˵һ£Ǻܿ췴Ӧ˹ˬصǰһȥ֪ҪȥãδģҪȥһ
ҺҲһʰɣҲȥô
ܽǳһ£һʣûʲôøУǱ˰ɣסĵطңȥҲ㡣
Ϊܽ˼ڶܺ߹Ҳڸ߱˵ģֻܷĺˡ
⻰˵ãһ˵ܽҴȥˡʲôطҵķĻ
⻹˵ã٣
Ȼϵһ֪Ҫٻ
Թܽؾܾ˺ͬУǵ뿪˽ꡣ
ͻҲ֪ȥҲûж˵ʲôѵɽ϶µ˹ܽ
ʲôҲû˵ֻǰ˹ܽ˼Ҫܽ
ܽӹҲͬû˵ʲôϻëˡ
ӽٴλصĮѾĩˡ
ܽ͵͵ؽҮסӽȴԵŽʮơ
ܽһƬڡʵôʱǰ֮顣ܽҲ֪ڱµĿ๦ʵԼʱҪ̿ࡣãֻеɱ֮ǰǿ书ùܽĽɡ
ںĶ죬û͸ӣܽȻԼȻĸںںǴһ˿۵ģԺûһۡ
찡ϲô
ܽεת˹ȥأ
ܽתЦǰܾûˣ»ˡ
ܽݹȥҴģպˣŪˣ
ЦŽӹ˵࣬ٽ֣ȴֻǿӶֻٽ֣󣺡һԭԭܰڹ˵ϱϣֻӿá
ܽˣҪȥһ˳㿴ûֱ۵ķӡ
һ£Ҫȥʲô£ҪΪֻ֣Ǿˡ
ܽΪ㣬Ϊ
˵žͰѺ¸
ĬĬ߻Уһ·
ܽȻڰú̸һ¡
ЦǸ˵ˡ
ڸԻǸƤ࣡ܽ࣬һ
Ҳûܽô˵ɵҲɫǺã˵ɣϴ
ܽ˶һ£Ȼڰǲϲң
һ£üôˣô˵
ܽߡһúúõػشңһȥûҪһȥģͲºվ飿ʱɱ˵û!
˹ܽ⻰Ϊһ£ڵһͷصǰϲ㣬ϲܾˡ
жãܽģôߡ
̧ͷ۾жءӦáôҲиʮ˰ɡ
Ȼ۶ԹܽһЦ֪֪ѧУҾϲˡϧǸԱ֢һߵ˿һۣŮҲмܽӽġֱԸһۣҪɼãһΪһѧϰˡ
ܽϺһ£ң
ЦЦ⣬ȻԹԵ˵ȥһҷ֣ÿҸŮһһЩܾٶʱͻῴһۡ
ˣ˭˰ܽϸˡԼôûзȻڲ֪йעˣ
Ц֪㲻Ǹ˼ҺܿġܹĿעҾһֱŮһ𣬲ΪʲôΪҲãΪҵǮҲãҶںֻ࿴һۡ
˵ܽź𡪡ǰڰʵǸǮĸҲܹôӡ
ҰʱΪҵĲʧȥ㣬ȴһӸôŮȴû뵽ҵıø࡭˵ֿ˿ܽȻͷ߻˵ţû뵽ҲԽˡһ˵ҪеŮŪʱıͷӦı仯ҵ֮ڣɵ㷢ڰʱ򣬱ı仯㲻֪жྫʣǰʱҵԶļȲԶҲҶ˵νıֺܺҵ⣬ֻþȥ׷Ůӣע⡭εЧܺã㲻ңͣظҾһ𡭡




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̾˿ֵұ˵ֻģ񲻱Ǹ磬Ӹбҵ飬һкܶʱ䣬дѵĻᣬﲻУѾ˼ǵ䣬ʱпܼˡ
ʱŹֳܽޣߣʲô籲ʲô࣬ҲʲôСŮֻҪߡ㣬㡣
ǡ㵽ϲҡʲôܽ㶵ص
ܽû뵽ȻǰһֱϲԼһֱڡǰԼಢɫҲ㲻ϣڰȴǸͥе˧磬Ҳ֪ϲԼʲô
̾˿˭֪أҵĸоôͬȲƯҲʣһ仰ûУֻȴŲ㣬޲һֱҵ
ܽԼűߵձ̺Ļмֱζӳ£ǴΡΪ˾ңŻˤɽµô
ܽһֱָоǴεԼԽ׹¼ӦǣڰġԼʱľ룬һϣԼĶٶ࣬ҲǲܴġҾԼҲġǣ׷˹пҲһʧȥƽˤȥ
˵Ȼӡ֤һֱѹĵ׵ǷݲȻǸʱһֱϲԼϲǸһֱƽƽԼô
̾˿ǰʱһȣһƬհһͳ˹
ܽижߣһأ֪ʯͷҪǽӲסͻˣҲһҪô
ֻһܰĽԼұۣҲһǰܿЦɣҵʲôˣȴ˺
ܽǰҵȷʲôˣΪʲôҪϲң
ţǺϲ㣬Ӧã˵ǰɡҲָ֪оǲǰǣĺһʱ䣬˵֮ǰĺܳһʱ𣬿һֱߣ˵ͺһ춼Ҫĵýг
ڰɡ
ܽڰϣƵص
ʵܽףһɽϵȣͺƴھԼǺʱ俼ǣҲʱѡ񣬸ʱ׼˵Ԥ½ⶾҩ֮ġ
ûУûϸ˼ʱ䣬Ҳûѡʱ䣬û׼˽
һûܿסʧľͲֹһ첲
ȴ˼ؾ޷˵س˹
ҲǴʱ𣬹ܽˣǰڰҲһΪҪԼԼһˤɽµġ
СŮʦΪԼĸԸȥ˺ſɽиԼӣԼѡأ
ܽԼѾƫȻССĲʡ
ΪԸԼĶΪȺøࡣ
Ϊ飬ǲܷϳƵģ
ʱȴһ¡ܽĻȫܽȴŵǣȴܱ֤һİ㡣ңҪȥˣҪһȥ򣬽Ķ
ţȥɣĶ⣬һֱҲһֱŲġ
㲻ұ׷ˣܽЦŵ
Ǹղ㲻һȥҲûа취
ܽǰҮͺҶֵʢ꣬һкӽǺпܾδҵļ̳ߣʵǲⷢԣӵļ񣬾Ϳˣ
Ц㻹濴ҰʦҮѾˣ⵹ģ
Ļˣܽϲ̧ͷ
ƫͷŹܽ޵ò˫صͷȥǰ
ƽĿӣܽеԣ°ͣȻһ˫غ
һĸоڹܽ𡪡Ҳܵġ
֪˶ãƬŷֿ
ܽᴭŵһҸո˵Ҫ̸ͷˡ
Цס磺ոոȷ˹ϵҪҺͱȥ;ΣҲԤҪ㸣Ҷ
ܽʲôȷϵֻѣֲǽ飡
˻Ҳ鰡ΤСˣ˶ٴΣ¼ʮΰ˴ΣһҪ޸ң
ܽЦŴһ£˵ʲôأ˭Ҫʮΰ˴ΰ޳ܣ
ʵ㣡ҾԸ񣬾һˣײıˡԾһȥҲıѡġ
ܽȴ̾ģȴԼûأͺñǳѧһ˭֪ҳ˹Ժ󣬻ǸʲôԣҪ˺õĶҲصһҪǾúǱ˸Ҷģ˵ҾͰˡ
ֻùˣ׷׷ôãػս߾ȹˣӽ㣬һС̬ȵˣֻ˵ҵսʧ󰡣
ܽ̾˿˵öԣ˵ҵȷǸϲ׷ˣԲŻСӲ֪ӽˡ
ЦǱϾͬһطܸеСƣˮ¥̨ȵأ
ܽҲЦŵðɣΪƽһ㣬ҾͶ㣬ȹߣ
ۣǸܲٶ㣿
ʲô
ܽû˵꣬˫ֱ˱˿С
ںʱ򣬹ܽסϿʼƵ֣УⲻڶʮһͣǾ͵ǡ
֪ܽ˼ʧ£ڶʮһͿܲʲôǾǷǼ޲ɵˡҪô͹ܽͻΪ϶Ʋ
Ȼڹܽ˵˵۹ⲻʲôǻǣͻأǲԼܵ˺ġ
Ц뵽Ķȥˣ㻹δأҲôģ
ʱܽĺƽһЩȻãҴӦ㣬ҪҴûбģϽ飡
һѽܽ§ڻ˽ˣǰҵ̥ô
ܽЦҧһڣҾҪ㣡˭֮ǰǰԱŮ˶ֶŴģҾҪ㳢Һͱһĸо
Цǲһðɣʱ⣬ȴǶ鰡
ܽȻҪ˵ƽǺðɣߣźһȥ·ǹ߻ʲôģһǻȥ߰ɣ
һסߵĹܽ㻹Ƕסɣҳѳѿ֮ҲǺõģ
ܽߺһѣʲô֮å
סܽĶడ
ܽһƿôһȷϵҪôɫûŮ
ЦͷǸǸʮԸһӳˣһʱеԿأ
ܽһۣ߰ɣ˵ˣȥҮȥ
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ܽڹȬҲͶˡʱѾδˣɹŵĴһѡսʤʧţ˴󺹵ı
ȥҮ롣
Ү˷ǲûʲôʿʡ
ܽûмƼȻһСҮŮҮáһ֧ΣȻ㲻ʲôôҲһ⡣ҪģҮĶ
һֱŹܽԹܽҲųԣĻ׼õĶ
һţ˵ԼؽһУúýҮĺӣ̫Լ
Ȼ书ؼ
һǡŋ¼һɽơ
ܽ˵һֻ֣书ؼҲǶԵˣ
ŋ¼ۺۣõϵģڽ֮ģͿԼ˼ˣ̰ܽãɲǶ¾Žȥȥôӡ
ɽƣһʱҲҲڹ·ӵˣҲɡ
⹦Ǻ߹оģܽҲǳһССı̬Ҫú߹ˬ
һ֧ذףš֡
ⶫɲˣΪذףǵ𴦻͸ĺ͹Хеһѣǹġһѣ󣬹ʱذҲȴǸ˹ܽ
ذףǻܽģùܽһתѹеһذ׸ǰǰѻ˼ѾĶ֮ˡ
ܽȻ֪غ͹˼ֻȴԣֻ֪ڰذһҮ룬ܲ뵽˼Ҳɵˡ

лҪ˵,Ķ֮Ҳ~ǹܽĬ·~û˵ˮ˰?ֻ~̫ļ~




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ǵź棬ȷ˵ĸģ˵ǷԼҲѾˣҲٴθ˺һʾɡĸ˫ȫƽ֤ǽĶ֮
ȻһĻʱһȻˣܽҲֻ˵ǸˡȻûֱӿ˵Ҫ׷ңҲֻžܾˣ
Ү֪ܽһֱһȴһ·вЩɻ󣬵ǼܽΪҲȻˣָƣһȫ̵ģһɹͨõģһʲôѴɹ˰æ
ܽлҮ룬·
ȹζߵɽʱɹҪϢģǺҵĵܵܣҲ׵ĵأǰ治Ǳˣǹ٩
ܽϢɵһ¡
ʷأڹɵλ֮Ȼǰˣʿ֪ⶨ飬˵Ҳ飬ʹù٩
ʷҪдˣʷй٩ĳΪɸĲʣȴȫͬˣΪλģǹɣɸ磬ǰģҲʷеӵĲǹ٩
֪ܽ˼ɹž͹٩ҪϢ󣬵ǺܸˣΪǿĶֲԭȥǼ¡
ܽźЦ̲סֲˣôʲô
Ц˵Ǻ˰ȻҪŴˣοһܾͻưģ
ܽ̾һģڴΣȴϵεˣǸ˵ڸأǸ˵أ
뵽ЩABCǣһֱԼй˻˵ݿУֻ廮ֵķʽҲǼֱӰɡֻǿʷ͹٩ˣƽҪ
뵽ҮߵֻܽҪعˣ
ʵҪعˣҲֻˣ
磬ȱӵĵط
ڵɽʱܽ㿴ڴĺ˽֪ܽΪ̵ĹϵԴźһɽ
ഫɽĸסĵطܽһ·ֻˮ飬޳ȺûˡĽ̳ûƻ
ʵĹַܶ㽭ܽүӾط̫أ̵ܴݣԲŸĵɽİɡ
еɽֻԶ塢װعɽƣѩۣùܽ̾ΪֹǷˡ°ˣҪ˼ӡĻ
ܽаЦһˣѾﶨˣ
ġʥꡱҲɽ֮УԶʱɽӣҲǲԡ
ʵλɽδԭ̲꣬ܽڳֹɽıԵʱ˼·ˣҲûʳҲֻ˳ɽһ·һһʣֱһʵһ̵ͽڣŸ˹ܽ
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ʵ̳ûгУʴͽڲŻŹܽ
ܽźԽԽߣʮ׵ġһա˽Ծ̾ѡܽĵɽ治ǡɽ֮桱ԶԭԼҲ뵽ˡ
ߣܽòˡ
ôҲ̵ܶ棬ôܹζ˶ӽˣûһ̵ͽڳ
ܽɣ¼ӿ죬ܽжѸҲԸ֣Ҳû׷ʣҲ˲ùɽʩչṦϹܽ
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ܽС⣬б䣡
һݣаȱǰȥ
֪ܽԼգʴһȻΣҲֻøȥ
ǱլۡĴſڣû˳ˣ˶һۣʩչȥ
ƿţȴвȥ˵ڸӲ֪ǲ̵Ľڡ
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ܽһ֡Ľͦͷ԰ͶǺĳˡǺµһռϷ硣
ܽٿǱߴźµˣȴЩĺˣߣǺˡ
ѵ⣿
ܽһʡ
ʱ˫˷˹ζˣһСɧ
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ܽȴ㣬ӵĽߣЦôϵˣ
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ĪҲںŹܽͷʾ⣬ֻǼһһ˿ֵɫ
ʱԷǱһ˳е˹̵ܽôҲӣǸڼĪǲ֮顣
˹̳
ܽаһʱ˵ĻҲĽô£ĽȴöԵȣǱߺǲ˶ˣ˫Ħ̵Ľ壬ͬŻȵǲˣ
ǱߵİëеȼȻֽ̲̱ɡĽ壬Ͷͥ۶֮λú
Ľһ˵ڣȵκ磡㲻һССʮɢеһʯʶ㣬˻̷͸Ϊ̾ĽȻУռ̻ҵŴʴʣẠ֮̊́οɣ´Ŀ֮ʲô
ܽȥȴǶźﲫ¡
ʱ̸󣬹ܽԶߣҲ֪Ⱥ˵ˣﲫ³Ҳ΢΢һ
Ǳ߰ëκﲫ³֪Է书ʤԼҲҶԣֻǵãȻȲʶ̧٣Ǿֵ¼£
ﲫһжͭˣãүүжͭ˵
κ֪Уθ³ȴһ߱Ŀĺκﲫµ̳ǰĸУ
ﲫʸ̷̻β֪˹ʮͷҲСӣ˫ִͭˣãɣҾǲ˹̵ܽˣȽС
ﲫµĻҲ֪ﲫִվǷһ񣬻óһĴ˾ʧɫ
ѵ˼·ƹ죬书·ˣȴǱĴ󵶡
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Ľе㾪ȵ˵һ
Ľݼ֪书ͱȻؼȻڣǺ֪ܶʶǿڿഫ
ȰŵѵһűƳʱвֱģԭ嵴һǨֱ书Ľ֪ʹֱɵΪﲫµġ
ﲫȻûмֱҲܿһر²Ҵ⣬ֻ˫һһԼһԾ棬ٵͷöͭȥ
ܽ˶֣Һ˫书һʱֲʤʱĽ嵽ô¡
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ǰëκȴԼӵ˵Ľ뿪ɽϣ
κΪƷԲãΪӣֻǻֺʯ죬ԲŻõ̷λӡʯȻߣвЩײ
κ˵вⲻȵɽ£Ҳһɽ

лҪ˵ԭȱĿʼĵĲûдźһε~Ȼ˵Ҫȷܾ~ǾôһΣϣô~~ҲΪ~~




ʮһ ˹

ȴɽӵģйʹԾ
Ľ˵ɽʣµǮƽ̳ͽڣ塣֮Źȥһܷչڣһߺ˷ɹˣ֯γʾá
Ծ˵Ź£Ź󲻺ͣǰȥֻøͽڴȴ֪ѾǨɽˡ
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Ծʱ֪ȥ뵽ԭѾȥãֻ򶨾ӡ
ȴ˹ˣ˫Ȼͨڽȴ֮ͨײ֮£˫ȻԹͨ
˹ʵԳĦ̣е˹̣̺ͻ̶Ҫ֮£˵Ħˡʴ˲˹Ħ˵дͽЯչʴǰҪĽ岢벨˹̡ܽ
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κ繴е£һ˲֣Χ̳ڲ
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ܽüͷһ˼ģʲôƲߡ
ܽҡҡͷѿɲԼ˵˳
Ī˵Ȳ࣬ץöԷͶҲã
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ĽܽĪСĪѾɻ飬µˡ
ܽæĪ񹧺أĪֻǵȴֻǼҪȥܸܲҲҪұҪҩȥ
ܽҡҡͷֻŭǣսǱϾ٣
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ܽöԷǲ˹ʥŮҲǽĿԺܴ󣬱Ժ˵㿴ǸĺСôǸղź˵ˡ
۾ˣô
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ĪһԵǿˣȴҪ³ǱǸ
ܽ£ԷĹҲֽһء
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֪ܽѧŹҪıʶĹԽ࣬ʹ书ҲԽǿڼЩ˹˵书书ѰѰ
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˵ִĪ˫֣ĪһµģͺӣҶҪúúõģ
ĪΣͷ
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Ľ΢΢һЦУܽڸȥ
ͨ˹Է˵һһ̫Ҫһ˺¡
Էδɣ˶࣬Ƕ
Է³ǻԾ
Ծûܽ书ǸŮӣԸ³Ҫ׽ܽ
ԷѾ³ȻҲԸѼȫʵʾҲֵԾ³
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ܽʵֻԷ
ǻ֪ԷϸȻųԣҲΪǰյʤˡ
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лҪ˵ֿʼBWô~ֻ4԰~




ʮ ЮʥŮ

ܽڲнѾսÿ˹˵ĵطۼԽԽЩ˹̵ĽҲˡǻܽ书йԾֻǱǱȥġΪԾҲϣ»жԷöԷ˻رӣҲ⽫ܽԼһ
ĽȻҲŹζǱƶǻֻͽʱ֧Ԯˣûϵȥ׽
֪ԴŮΪǲ˹Ĳ֮ͬԾκҲ벻ȻǸȥεεС˹̵Ҳû˵ҲֻʥŮֻǽһݵˣǽŮ֮ģ벻ǽ
ʴ˲˹ˣҲ벻ܽ³ʥŮݣҲ͸ûжԹܽж
ܽʱ֪ʱѵԥƬֻ̣¶Է˳ȥⲨ˹ʥŮҲ˵Զʱдֽš
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ҲǱ֣ǹ±ĽеŹܽ˹̵˴ȥ
ĽʱҴĶתƹǻľɣǻæ֮ʱ˫ָǬŲƹԾ͹ץȥ
Ծ͹Ҫ׷ܽĽǬŲһת˾ȻбԷиԺȻæĽľʱǻѾƳԣæò˹Сġ
Ľȴ˹Զת֮Ծ͹ǻ
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ܽڰգ״ƾˣȴȣȺ
Щ˹̵ĽڣҲͨߣƽʿҲ˶٣־㶼ʥŮңԹܽ룬֮
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⼸öһʱ˴󲿷˵עһʱȺģµĲֵŹְ
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Ȼ죬˹ⷽ˶࣬еסˣǹܽṦѾĵزǴӡᡱⷽ˵Ǵӡ족ⷽ˵ﵽ˵˿ɼĵز
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ܽʥŮҪȥĿߣԽַȥʥŮ˵·ϣʥŮΣֻվ˵ͷܹ
ܽʱʹƷ˵ǵңʱҲѾܽ߿׷ĵָ
ܽȺһѲ˹̵ĽڽŴң书ͣṦȴޣԼ˵ס˽Ų
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˹ʥŮæ˫ָóһ̽ܽȥȻ书ҲǺ֣ܽȴｫ㹦һɽ÷ֱ㽫˫£ֱץȥ
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˹̵ĽڼʥŮз֣֮ȻĺҲ㶼ţһʱ֪Ǻá
ܽһߣƵʥŮȵ˺󣡡
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Ľ屾һΪܽ˲˹ʥŮԹһЦչԾȦӡ
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ԾʶرҪأȴһϻصĺһ㽫Ҳ֮æҲ벨˹˵С
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ܽ˹˿Ůӣ϶һǽʥŮ㽫˹̽ĴŮ¸Ľͺ˵Ҫвúõġ
̸дϢùܽе⡪ԭԷҪģߵԱͲҪʥ
ԭʥǵĦ̶˽ԴߵġʥɽУ˹ɽԨԴ˫Ħʥ벨˹УΪʥ
ֻǵʱĲ˹֪̽ʥ书ܵģʥˣ벨ִһŭ֮½ʥߣ²˹书ʽ΢˹̺ͻ̣ɽ˵ѹ̧ͷ
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ȴ֪ʥܵģǺԼ¼иҲں
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ⶾҩǻɽƣԶģȻҲҪʥŮʹΪԼ˶ҩ岻ѡ
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ĽߵҪɱκԾͽ
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ĽĪܽĶ飬Ӳ˶ס˺ܾãĪȥʱѲٱ롢͡嶾ش˹ܽŷ֪ܽĪȻҲò⡶嶾شˣǶԼһݳΣƴǲҪֻǶס˼գ⡶嶾ش˲ߡ
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ܽ٩ǺˣȴԳɹˣҲȤ
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ܽ˵ͷʲôƵصɱһʱѪɱ٩ѽǻҪһȥ˹ģ
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ܽ˵ͷҴӦ£׷ڣĺˣ
ЦЦǺðɣұڴ˵㣬һ·жǧСģ
ܽǲģȥǰһһʱɱ˹٩ǵú˵ѵҪҷģ
ܽŷŹˣһ˸ȥ
ܽ·;һ·ϺôҲȱһ·϶ȥ
ǵĽ⣬ǰУȴȻһɹ˷εӰǰٵӹ
ӰʹķǾһֵ
ܽһ¾ҵæʩչṦǰȥժƤߣⷢŲ
Ȼǰ˺ܿͷˣͷһۺͣ½ŲȴǴŹܽߵ˭
Ц֣ܽӴδ갡ȻԵעһԶ
ܽܵǰᴷһ£ƶ죡
Ȼʵôˡ
δ䣬ͱһѱ뻳
ܽߣæĻ¿˿ҵˣˣô֪ˣһеһ˵
һЦΪ˺ģ
ܽһ㶣¸ʲôϵ
̨󲻾ˣȻõһӹˣҶΪǸô󺹣ܿͳھɫ˻⡭
ܽɴ۾Ļɣѽһô֧ɹŴ󺹣
˵ͷҲô룬һǺһɸųҥԡڹҪ͵ϮʺζЭ飬ֻҪ֧ʧţ֧ɸ磬ǾεıΣ
ܽô⣿ݹɣ
ǰ常ͻɽѾ˰ɽûнܹɵ£ʧŪǮѾؽɽׯˡûʲô֣ԭͻҲùˡ
ܽʱŵѽƤӵɱУɱʲ
Цֲûϴλһֱڼײҳţԭǵ㣡ڵĹӦòڻ°ɣȻα³ֻǺңҪûȥģֻˣ
ܽһڴòʮУ
һôǿԺɵң
ܽһЦû˹ʲôط
һ£ŷްôˣ
ܽЦͻȻȥŷޣȥ͵˹а
ŹܽЦðˣǾȥŷޣʲôɽ۽ֻҪǰˣţ˵ǵı£̸ʥʿûɣ
ܽǺЦʥʿΪ̻ģ̣
Ǿ͵ʼʿԣʵһԵأҪҵʿɣ
ܽʿģôң
һ£ǡҾ͵ޱɣԴ۴Ҳ

лҪ˵ڳ˵~ҽȫ~Ժû˴~ҲͲڽϸ~ǰÿ»~Ժĵ½~½~




ʮ ݹ

ܽЦֱֻļеƶһЦˡ
ŹܽЦôģҲ΢Цؿ
ܽͣЦе㲻˼صܶʲô
ֹһˣҲʮԽԽƯˣ
ܽãҲ˧һˣûŮͶͱ
°͵˵ڻǴУô
ܽޡһå
ЦЦ⣺ˣ㵽ʲô
֮ܽǰڹ£Լ֮ǰˮ¸̲ס̾ⶼⰡûӣ
ܽҲ̾˿԰ֻûˡ·˵ðζҾݹڽʺأ
ˣһĴȣѽѽ㲻˵Ҷˣ⻹иŮأ˵ʲôҲҪһ
ܽţһ˧磬ҲȥŮģ˵ƽﻵ㣡
ЦĸҰ㲻ڵҾˣпȥŮ
ܽ䣬ȸ㰡˻ݹɱʧ
һ£ô귢ˣ
ȻһֵҲԣһֱڹţֲӦõģ
ܽһЦҸ㰡ɼ˼ʷŮ鹹ɼ˼Ů඼ôһŮɼ˼ͻһ˼̫󣬾ܲɻ飬󱻳ɼ˼նˣɼŮж󣡡
һ£ڰɣ˵ǲԭ֮ء
ΪҶ̫డ
ܽ̾˿Ǿ䡰컨Ҷ֡ĻȻ¡
ۼý˳ǣߣȥζɣֲɹŻһҲҲ
ܽһ£㶮ɹŻ
ٺЦôãҽҮ书ͽɹŻЧ
һ仰ܽ˼ҮкŮ
кҺֻܿ˵ڶ̥еģҸ˵øʲôƵģĽжֻСĽ𡣡
ܽãԺһҪúýǣ׺
㲻˵Ҫȥŷôпհ
ܽһ£ʵڲУҮƽ̵£ȥ̡
ҲУɹ˶ݵķûʲô۶ҮҲͦʵġ֮ǰҵȺúøϴϴԡϧѾʮˣԿɲϴ
ܽϴԣ̶ȺܸߵģֻҪעߵ¾ˡڵĸ⣬ÿеģҲܲôԶ¡
ͷǡ
˱߱˵һζĹ⡣ŵʾ˺ҵ˵⣬ŵöԴתȥͨˡ
˺ܾãڼܽԡŋ¼͡ɽơĵãҶˣҵİǺܴ󣬵ǲԭеȻƱȰ
ܽһ£Ҳû취̱Ȳ˼ңҲ޿κε¡
Ҳû취̱߶ˣ鰡
ܽбǹҲʹඣһѡɣõµһ֣
һ§ܽһ书ʲôƾڵ书ԱǴ´ˣɽ۽Բȥںǲµһ
ܽ§ڻۣˣȻȻ˭
ЦÿˣȻĸҸ㶯ְ
ܽЦŲ˵롪žζɣ
⣬Ǽŵֻ˽ɹˣŮ鰮֮ҲεĺС֡
˵˵ЦЦΣҲʱжǹһʱ䣬ǽȥͨŴһ˽ȥ
ζǸѮˣɫһǰ£ĿԴһϣǽʺʵʿߡ
ܽǰ񣬱ζ˵⣬˺Ҹдױš
̸ʵҲܼ򵥣ζѡʵࡣ
԰ζıǵֵסɵġʧ֮ǰıҲðζʧռƵ£ûȡúλ۵ðζˡ
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֪ɸ硢ҡأ׵ĶӣΪ˺λġأѾ˹һµĺңҲѾȷʾֻҪĮϵĲԭأĹˣ
԰ζڿ˺ҵź󣬺ܿʹӦ˺ҵҵд˻Ÿҡ
ź󣬺ֶ԰ζ˵һλζˣ¶֮ɫعͷһŮ˵˼仰ȻʾԴһ
Ϊ֫˵ɹŻԹֱܽ⣬ͷߵ˵ǻݹһʽĺˣҪһݹתһ¹˶ʺ򡣡
ܽ˵ͷû˵
һŮζһȻ˵˼仰ζδشѾŹֵܽ¡
Ǳ߰ζŮĻҲ˵˼䣬Ȼֶ˵˼䣬Źܽζһ񣬱Ůһȥ
߹ȣԺ䣬һС䣬Ůȥˡ
Ƭ̺Ůһö˽ȥ˻ذζǱȥˡ
ŹܽȥֻСװʮͨȲϽϵһͨ˼ңҲǾɵġֻһŴԻ󣬴һԲ԰׵ĵŮӣ
֪ܽȻǻݹˣæŵƹϸȥֻȻŻ󣬵ȴϸȥȻ˫˪ףٿգҲͬһѮĸһϡ
ܽһֻ֪ʮ꣬⻪ݱ٣ֻʮ꣬ھȻȥѮ֮ˣѵǰζãٿȷǺӣҲ֪мŮ
ʱѾɹʺˣݹȴ˰֣Ǻ˰ɣҿɹŻҲ˵òã˵ɣö
ڵȻƽٵ
ԭ꽭ҹ̵ǣѧ˵ĺˣŻݹҲѧϷĺ
ܽȴһᡪ˵Ļ˼סûк˵ĵطʱʮ꣬˵һĺ˵˼ŹҹҹദĵεΣһֱĺ
ҿӣȻһֱδġ
ȻܾһˣҪ˺ô
ܽߵҲе
ݵҹʽĵĺˣҺѿɲأ
ݺһ㣬Ǹʮˡ
ͷȭߵһλչĸף֮飬Ե֪ˣҪ
˵չʱȫ̲ס꣬һסԼ죬̲סˮϹ
ϸŹܽܽЦһ񣬿ڳƹùá
㣬ǹŮ
ݵڷŲ
ܽ˵ͷǰҵҲһֱܹأһֱ˵ɹλõġ
ݿŹܽǿЦƯء񡭡衭ҲƯ
ܽЦ˵ǰܶ˶ô˵ģҲһƯİ
ݵͬߵһ¹ţһҡͷһߵҡѾһֱҺܺáǡȴ˶Բ¡
֪ܽ˵ǵƼ£Ǽ֮ʧѽġ
㲻׵ġ
Ȼڿҭš
ܽһ£֪ΪǺƼǲȥġԹӣƼ֮˵պôչ
⣬ɣ
ܽһξ˵޳ͱȻ
ǿôģҪȰοǡ뵽ܽһ˲ݣХ˼еʱֻ׵Ž
۾ٿŰԵӰӸǼ֣æ˳ֻ§ڻʹȥĦǡ
ܽӣִ·§ڻĲֻǹ͹ȥһû䡣
§ֻֿЦ˺ܾãŲվŹ˻طһԵŮһ龰֣׷׽ͷӶ˽
տǵĻüͷ壬ԹܽЩ˵ݴӲţֻǶŷľɼҾ̾Ϣ˵ɼҾ˵ɹŲԭϴģʮˡ

лҪ˵ڳ˵~ҽȫ~Ժû˴~ҲͲڽϸ~ǰÿ»~Ժĵ½~½~




ʮ ֮ҹ

ܽ̾˿ղ;ãЩΣȻͣȴŽϵķ񣬷ǹɹʱõĶݶԹһ尡
Դӻݹ뿪ܾ֮󣬹ܽȻжţֻǣûа취ҲûȰ˵Ѱһµ飬ֻȻȥ
뿪ʲôˣأ˦ˣ
ܽʱû˵£ʱһʱˣȻѺˣ
Ǳڹ٩ǶأҪҪȥ˳ѹɸˣ
ЦģҲ֪ûʲôˣһƣһ˻Ӧ
ܽȻ뵽ʱᣬھȻģѵ⣿ҲȤɵЦ
ЦͻأôˣܽЦ¶˵ˣҲЦѽҵĳֲ̫̼ɣ
̫ܽ˰ûģ
Ҳǰﲻúõظ˼һֱûлᣬҲ̰ܲѵҸ̥
ܽһۣұ̥ҶԲҾ㣡
һЦûôң̫˰ɣ
ܽ㻹ôϳƱ
ǲѾƱôԤƱˣ
˵ŴӻͳǰĶذ׻˻Σ̾νĶ֮񰡣Ǽʶˣ
ܽһ죬ҧŴ⵶ϵҲӦõģʲôöģ
ЦصǾҪ㸸ĸ˰ֲ֪ʲô
ܽȥȥ
ܽ˵Ϳһ˵ģ׼ϵ飿
ܽ˭һӵģһ˵û˼ģһԱȥҽҩʱˣƽ׸£ԾһҰɣȥҽҩҲҵõҲ㾡ˣˣҲ˵ùȥˡ
ȵ˰㻹ΪԼ㻹˽أǰôû
ܽüҸô죿һϲȥԼ޸
ȻһתЦúܹصҪҲҩĻҲˣҪǻң㣬ô
ŭһѽס·߿ң
ܽЦųǣ˫ĲӣĴԼĴݼȡ
ԽԽȣԽԽңѾر˱ҧطҲӴ֮תϡ۾ϡ󡢶֮䡭
ˡˡ·ߡ
ʲôûˡ
ʱʱ֣ͨʺĴ·Ҳûʲô˵ġοǲľԱսǰʱڡ
ҲСſҡܽòԼġ
ֻӵڷ̣ڷһ𡭡Ϊ·ߣѾƲԼû뵽һ಻ȻҲ˵Ӧ
¶ݣĲҧһڣһСȦݺۣһſȻ˫ֽסܽļֱֱضŹܽһֱһֱضţ·Ҫܽȥܽ㰮ңҵϲȶԱ˶࣬ңҪǱˣô
ܽ̾˿סͷļϣĺϲ㣡˵ûһѡ񣬾ͲԥͷڵˡҼȻѡ㣬Ҳбˡ
̾һȻ͵һѴᱧܽһǰȥһһ߷Ц
ˣ
ּܽ
۹̫ˡұ׺ͳŵˡ
һ·̣Źܽ˲ܳԶ
ܽŹιյҹ磬۾Ļһ˹ͬĿ֡
ֻǣһ·żݹǻЩᡪ飬ʲôʱǰŻЦˮأ
ǵ˼ʱܽǺЩ˼ġҪǺֳʲôĻǾúεġ
úûʲô̫ı֣Ҳ񡪡ĳҲ֮Уûֳʲôεġҵʱڹ٩оУôҲֳܱʲô
ҲǺҵıͣ٩Ҳͬ˸׼µӪЪϢڿ˼󣬹٩Ը磬дһ˷Ȼܽ˲Ÿл¡
ܽǰ˵һ£üдɹŴ󺹣ǿͦΣյģֿʲôƵİţ
ɫǺЦֲصģаš
һ㶡˵д̵ܽ˵£޹أǰųڶ֮ˡ
ſڣʶ˵ԼҪģʲôҲû˵תһ룬͹ܽԼֲֵ̰ҪᣬɱɹŴ󺹣Ǹ湦ôҲҪæģ
ЦȻģִģģʱֶǣ
һ㶣һ۹ܽܽߣ飬ǴпԿЦ⣬Ǻ˵ֲؿȻҪģ
ЦЦǾͲϢˣ
˵űŹֻܽص˹ܽ
ܽһԼͺݺݵһԼϵצӣʲô˼˵ֻ
һǣʾһȨа
ܽƿһ·㶼˵㵽ô
§סѹȥ
ܽߣæ˫ȥ𰡡˵ء
ѵⲻ¡
˫ֵĶʼӹܽıתƵ䡣
Լȥ٩ո׼õµġ
˵һĻٴα븹С
ǹĸоٴδӹܽ𣺡㡭
Ĵȥ˹ܽʣµĻܽƾܵ˫֣ؿתƵĺ󾱣§סཻػ
ˣɡ
ڸе̽Լ·֮󣬹ܽǹĸоУԼ˵
ǡ
ôô
Ҹ˵Ǵа
֮ǰû˵Ӱô
ûҼҽ̺ϵġ
㻹еҡʹ

ôĵӣղžȻҵѨ
̫



ı׷ô
Ƥ񣬱ΪһδҾͼ޶˰

ι
ǾΡ

ðɣ֮һҹһΣܽвҪѨĶɳˮ
ôô̰ᰡ
񹦵ڴ˰
ú߹㣡
Ϊ㣬ҲҪ
å
ǰ֣
޳ܣ

ȻûʱͱܽߵԼȥˣڶϣܽ˺ѵʹǿسʱͺڲԶ˵ʲô߹ȥһʣ֪ڿͷ䡪ԭ뱱ؤڻɽġ
˼߽ܽס˿ڣܽȻֻ˼䣬֪ǱȲġ
ΪڿͷϣʽǷӲġڹڿ϶ҪȺܶ࣬кܶ඼ǺûģʥĹ򣬺Ĺܽ˵
һ·ϣܽѽ书·˶Էһ·ϼдŻģڿͷдʱ˵ʲô⣬ͷʱҪע⣬һЩĶûмʹ
һͳ˺ܴĿڵĹʹЩúܴ󣬵Ǻ֪һȫ̵ġתǡʱ⽣лƷУƷйоأֲӦԷ˵أ֮󷴹ֶθ
˿ûָʵսУиǺܵסģǺЩֶҲ͸ˡ
ȻʵսһƣҲ֪вУͻỻͷϵĻƣǺ͵ռ˴ˣʤްһ㡣
Թܽһ֪Ŀͷ壬ɵõһЦЦû˵
ԾղռϷ磬к⣬߽ܽӭ
ܽкȻôôˣ
˵£ɵú˺ҶƤߣ
˿Թܽ˴̸ȥаɣ
ܽȥܽ롪ܲȥɣԼ£νˣҶԼ⣬ûԼͬû˸ҽԼģȻԼҪæʰ̡
۵ģ˼¡û뵽ڹԼȻᱻڵѵҲÿ˫ĶԱȣ

лҪ˵зȫ

ڳ˵~ҽȫ~Ժû˴~ҲͲڽϸ~ǰÿ»~Ժĵ½~½~




ʮ ɱ

ҿԼҪǱŮˣñŪ²˴
뵽ֺˣٵһðɣȥ
ȥûĵطȥ
õɹŴ󺹵֮ǰ϶ܵõ챨ǰһ죬Һܽҹȥ£˶ڵļº˻ɣҲ޹ذ
סˡû뵽ȻҪһȥæɱɹŴ󺹣Ҫ˶ĿӦ
Цĺļ򣬵ܽǺҵˣȴҮģһ£۵ԻСĵĺã
һ۹ܽд֮£Σգͬȥɣ£ǽܽðɣŮӣҲϸһ㣬һʲô⣬Ҳǵ㣡
С˺֣дɹŴ󺹣Σճ̶ȳҵҿ˵ͲڲֵĿܣһֺʣµľܡֵṦƺڳ;ܣǱ׷ϣֻ¾һҲ߲ѣ
һ¡˵ûһȺ˸ں棬Űʮص㶾û׷͹ܽ
ǣֻεؽİšҡ
ڵʱô˶ڵļǾǺˣ͹ܽƤ߽һеĶúȥģ
пɴ󺹵ľӣֻ·ˡ
ڰܽҹ͵͵뿪˹٩ľӪ
֮ǰѾ˹ɺͽ·ߣ˿ȸĻ·
һ·϶ȥһһҹڵڶҹڽӽ˹ɵĴ
ɾĽ䱸ôܣΪһڱصãζƲҲ˰ζƵ˵ĴԹܽǱԷӪʱȻûһ˷֡
ȻṦ˵ãΪεûǹɵߣܸиڰɣ
ڹܽӽ˹ɺڵӪʺ󣬾Ȼûһ˷ǣм˵Ĵ
֪ܿܽǰǸȷǹɡΪ洫лŮ
оУܴŮһ·ģ˴󺹣Ҳûбʸˡ
һǱܽΪû˸ҿҲŮз
ܽײͷˡˣúҵĻ˵ȻϺλ֮˼е飬ŤתһЩɹϲкܲõķ˼µľߡϧþɺܿͳھɫ֮У彥Ҳķˡ
Ҳɸ˶λ֮ġ
֤ɵȷѾǸɫ֮ͽǸϸ֮ˡо;УҪսʱŮˣŮˣ飬֮ķ緶
ܽһۣ˲˾ɹܽϣ
·ϣܽԤ˼һ˳ҲǵԤ֮С
ܽܿʩչṦͬһƬëһӯֳҵļһؿݣɿؽӽ
ʱȻŮлѵʲô飿
ǹܽûϸˣĵһǣָͣö˽ȥ
ܽ󣬿ҲתߡоԵţһˣضѾɥĶ֮¡
ĪĶ룬ĸ֣Ȼɣ
ҿŷѾ˰ɽȻܽ۶
ڸȷʲôܽתӪ˳ȥ
ֻǿǸŮӣ֪ʲôˣŹѳˡ
찡ԭһε˽ɱ˰ɣŮɹŴᣬҲˡңһҸǧҰʺɹű֮䣬Ͳ˰
ܽһţһ
ոӳûԶڷд̿ͣץ̿ͣץ̿ͣ
ܽûκε⡪ڹɵߣȻиֻԱߵҲ϶ЩסġЩֱϲɵĺ£ǿ϶ŶšⲻǱ̬ǶԹɵĸһʲô£ǿɲġ
ҲǴ̿͹ܽ˶Ṧ˵ڹտˣܹһϢûУҪǻ˲һˣ˵ûӽɵʣͱˡ
ǱߵĸֻһɺǸŮͬʱûϢ֪ԣæʿʱȴһӰҲûܽʵ̫ˣͨӪʸ߸ɹŰҲסߡ
ǼӪʣһȫˣһ̽Ϣ͸ˣž
ֻǴ£ϺԷ£ֻܺд̿ͣܺˡһкܶ߸ϣҪ󺹣ȥҴ̿͵ķࡣͻɹ˾ܽһңһ·Ϻ赲سɹŴӪһ·һȥ
ܳһξ룬û׷˾㶼ϲæֻһһֻ·
һ·϶Ƿɳ֮أӡǱȻģԾӡ׷ɣǾȥˣ
ҿ㣬ҪǺҲԲ˰οǻг𣡡
ܽҪ̫˳ˣ˭Ҳ벻
ЦⰡ˵ʷϹɱǱ̵ģ
ܽȷ˻ɹҲдǱζ˶ɱġ
ñɱɲǶɱ
ܽһҲԡ֮ǰһֱΪɱͶȴԼöɱһǶɱ
һԿܽɫϲûʲô˷ܻ˵ӣ֪˼ǸŮ˵£Ҳ̫ˡһǲΪԼȥܿǱ°ģҸղŻпһ·̤ɱһ·ҲģԼһҲ㲻ֵˣ
֪ܽ⻰ڰοԼԸлĺ⣬ЦЦ֪㲻ö˵ģ
Ҳǲ˫һģѽҺ뵽һأ
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ԹܽЦֻ㸸ĸֻԹң˵ǲ£
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ܽЦֱͷԶԣ˧ˣ˵һ㶼
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Թܽ˹֣Ȼѹղɱʱûпʲôλ
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Ӿ̾ΪӢҲҲ㰡
ЦЦ롪˵䲻Ǿˣ
ֺ֮һԻʡ
ŹܽһȥαܾܽˡϴѾԽ֮٣һ汻ײˣ
ΣֻûԼȥǰһ䣺ϴֻǳ鰡鼼ɶУҪа
ܽıӰ޺޵롪ԼҪȥʮ˸˧벻ˣ
ڶ죬ɵѶʹ˹٩ӪУ٩֮ʾӪǰȥɵ׾ϡ
ڵ˹ɵӪʺ˼˹ɣǻĮϡܽȴҲ׼Ҫ˹٩תϣ׼ߺ·ȥʳ
ǹ٩ȴǣõĺ·ֱͨʳ·ϼգٻعŶࡣ
 
лҪ˵ڳ˵~ҽȫ~Ժû˴~ҲͲڽϸ~ǰÿ»~Ժĵ½~½~




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ɴȻʣأүȴҲػؾҼվ͵䵥ȥʳΪү̽飬ңҪһ·򵽺´ʳǱȥģ٩鵹ϡ
ܽҲǣʹӦ˹٩顣
ΪȻȥ٩оٶҪһЩǺܰȫʲô⡪ʷ˵Ǻɨжһֱŷ޵ģ
ԹܽջǾŹ٩
ֻڹˣأľܸɰζľʱϵס˸
٩Ҳһʿţ򣬵ȻἯأٴ̤·
аζľطפʱ˹٩ĺ֮ǣ٩ܹרĵعŶˡ
λصˮߺ󣬾ȻĦ̵Ȼߴ̣ǲû٩Ĳʲôͻ٩ҲûʵճеĽ֯Ȥ˫ˮˮĦ̵˷һЩǮƺڶա
һΣŶǾۼˣ֮ǰҪࡣ
ǹ٩ҲһˣڹսУĶ٣Ѿؼˡؼʿ
ܽȻڹ٩ӪУȴû˼Ϊ٩ԼˣԴûҪڹܽҪ˵еôⷬҵģҲڲҪǵ¡
ڹ٩ٴν˹ľĽ̽˲ٴ̿ͣϧܽɵˡЩ˵Ǹ벻ϻ书Ϊɽµ书ֻľĽɵĸ߲쵼߲Եüһ书ģ֮٣ͨľĽڣֻ񼸰ĿֲһܹãԾƾѪ֮д̡
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ŶǲǸǡһ԰ɱĽ˵ڲ˹ǿֲգñ˶־壬Զ֮Բһֱ
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ܽʵûϵԼһд̣Ȼݱ˵ĽԼӺڶ޹ƽ
ܴܽ쾫ӣҲ۲ѣȻȰοܽˡ
ЩľĽ̵ˣԼҪðͣҪɹˣĹϵʵڲ󰡣
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ڹ󣬹٩ʾһ·ϴСʮ̣߼һĶ죬˺´ʳľڡ
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һֱ˺üУ˵һַǳƵĶҩ
һĶһʼǿԾȵģֶ֪ȥⶾѪⶾͻתߵڡֶһմѪɷ־ͻᷢ仯ԭȵĽⶾҲûˣ
˵⻰ģһųƵѧˡ
ܽ⻰дǽæûбİ취ȡ
 
лҪ˵ڳ˵~ҽȫ~Ժû˴~ҲͲڽϸ~ǰÿ»~Ժĵ½~½~




ڶʮ ͸

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ҹĶǰ͸ĻʹΰĹ﷢רܹϴȥۻʥˮܻãȥ͸ɣ
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ܽŵֻҪСˣҪˡ
ӢЦûϵģ֮ơ
 
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Ӣ˵½˫˼ۣ½˫ҲЦЦǰȻ֮ƣ㲻ǵĵģ
ܽϬҲ΢ֻ̾Ǹȥ
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ɹȻѰ͸Χˮйͨĸ˵ṦҪһ̫ܵĵطȥǿԵġ
һ򴩹ɹŴӪ󣬹ܽŵÿʵôȥдɹžͳ˧ģ
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ܽĽôᱻסģ
˵ڹ٩ߣʮʿרģרΪ׽̿͡һֻҪɹžͳ˧һűţ
ܽһ£ŵ٩湻ԵģڵʱһҲû¶
˵ǰֻûһ֣֪ǻġ
ܽ̾˿˭֪أҵıͣҲֻЩ˰
Ӣǰû뵽治СʹŮĽҲѲˣҪǺ֣ǿܾҪסˣ
½˫һۺ˵ǵһôˣҲˣʲôʱȥ
ЦЦûг
ܽҲˣ׼Ҫȥˡأ
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ܽ˭ﻹˣ
Ӣһˣǹ﷢ʹܹҲǴѧߣǰЩӴǹٻˡڹеʱܹĹգȡù﷢ΣҲĹ͡
æǲһԼʮ⣬üëںӵˣ
Ӣǰô֪ģ
ܽһۣȻԳӢλָ͸ʥˮģԭǻʹܹܣֲûļʶֻô˵أ
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ԭ
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ӢҲûзԣֻǵ˵ͷû˵ʲô
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ԭӢ½˫ڴס鰮ŨȻǰʱ¶һЩС˿Щ
һնΪĿڽǣһʱڿ죬˵½˫ͳӢһ˫޲Ż书չģҲҪĺ˫ޡĲ±ͱ˳Ȼһƴʦеɮ鰮Ƥ֮£ˮͨӻ𱬣Ȼж½˫֮
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籲֪Ӣ½˫µģҲ˵ʲôֻ׷ʳ½˵䣬˫ɢ֪еΣԻ˽꣬籲ĴѰ˳Ӣ½˫䣬ڳϼׯҵǡ
籲Ǻģʱֿһʱ䣬˶Ŀǳ½Ũʱ֣ο˫ﲻϣ½˫籲֣Ӣ뿪ϼׯԶԵɺ˹ĶӺһ˹֣õ˴ʳ꣬Բȥ˰͸
͸Ĺ﷢˹˳Ӣ½˫Ľܣ֪ոǿǱ˻ʹϰ

 
лҪ˵һ~~Ҹô~BWô˵Զȥˣ




إ ԭ

ܽһεҲǸпޣȰǸԼԭ
еҶ仹Ҫǳ磬ǲãһȥɣʱһһõĵطǾסģ֤û˻ǣǿǸ羰ĺõطأ
Ӣ½˫ˣҲǴипܽ˵ûʱһһ֮Զ硣⼸꣬ͽҲˣȻҲлȥͷڱܽһףȻĶˣ
ڿ˼󣬶˻Ǿܽһԭ
ٹãǻɽ۽֮ڣѵͲһƴʦ㣬½ӣһҵĳ𣬾ͲˣĪڿɽأͲȥôܸи˽ͽɣܾܲҹȥˣ
һմеӵˣ¶˾¡
ȵңӢ½˫ǸˡӣǰѳӢ½˫ԼĺˡΪûкӣȻӢ½˫ˣҲһܿǸˣЩܵһƴʦ̻ĳӢڸȻҲ൱ء˫ദǢŹܽҲմ˹⡣
ܽҲǰˣĸĶҲˡǶ飬дһҹ
ǵڶҪǵģǶס˼죬⼸˰͸Ķѱ٩ƣⶫǵĹԳ̴ľ죬ʱ־ãʱܽȥδŵʲô̫ĵطֻǳƺɹűݻգʹеЩʲôʮáɺѵȵ䱦Ҳɹ˽ɻ
˹ı³ߣǹ٩Ϊߣڵ׸˹踡ɱѲߡ˹иνǰж½غ׷·ȥֻԸͶ
٩ûɱ˹ǽѺ󷽵أֻǰ͸ǵľûôˣսб
ܽӢ˶һпֻǹܽǡϧˣûۼ٩ư͸ǵ׳١
Ϊǰ͸ʷϵһαռ죬һĹ֪ܽսռ͸£ֻǲȥֳ񱾿Կ٩ôһ׳ٵģΪӢ½˫£òǰ뿪ҲԸпϧ
˶Դ˸ǴΪʹģܽ˼Ʋ֣Ҳٴţ̸ˡҲûˡ
ߵʳı߾ʱѾ˴ʳĴߺ󣬱٩һ·׷Ƴ٣ڽܻϢˡǸ﷢˹Ҳأˡ
ʱأҲѾ˾ӣȫӹͨɹűĿȨȻ˹ˡ
ǹ밲˹ûȹ٩٩˽ʾ˹˳˼
٩ǣܽıԴ䣬ǽʼˡ
ܽһˣʱѾ˲˹صĵؽ硣
ȥɽһ
ܽڻص󣬶Ժ˵
ȥʲô½˫ɴ۾ѵڻɽ۽ǰŷɵ
ܽҡҡͷҪˣһ᲻˵ġŷϾ常ֻȥôˣ˳дһ¡˶࣬ҲʲôΣա
½˫죺ҿɲȥ
ܽЦѽȥɽҲʤأʶʶҲãҸæ
½˫ƲƲû˵
ܽҲ֪ԴӺͳӢһӾеŤҲΪ⡣ڳӢΪӿܰ½˫ҲԹܽʲôԡŷ书ΣҲΪһƴʦڽĻɽ۽г⣬ǲ˵ʲôģһתǰ˰ɽׯ
ϵɽׯʱѾδʮĴˣܽҲѾ˶ʮ꣬ڹտĳ̶ȣѾﵽ˶壬ڹΣҲȥѾͻһڹķĵʮ㣬ǵŷ棬ٲϵģѾ澭ŷ棬书״ﵽʲô̶أ
ʵҲ˵һʣǹʦɽҲɽһһȣܵñȹܽ졣
ɽׯòΪ֪ԭӣڹܽҲûʲôɱȽϵģٱؤܶҪá
ŷʧȷŪ˲Ǯ
ڵİɽׯĶЩͨŮŮŷΧһȺŮӡ˵ʵܽãĸŮˣ޸ŷˣӶùҪ˼Щ˾ͲסΪ԰ɽׯĹأѧŷҵ书ֻЩǳŹҲǲܷߵġҪߣ³ֻһ
ԵҪǼ޸ŷˣǾԴװɣŷ˴Ӵ˽ԺãһȺԼϹǰȥģҲǼܲˬ¡ҪΪ˰ЩŮɱ⣬Ҳͦ²֡˵˭ҲܼŷˣŷҲܱ֤˵ͱĳ˽ӿɾʹˣ
ŷҲˣЩ°ɽׯ˴Щͨˣܵǲɢһ󲿷ֶҲ˰ɡ
ܽſڵ˱ݣȥͨһ
֪ܽŷݣǿ͵µģܰĸȫ£ȻֻҪܵһܴˣ
µׯͣµׯӣǾɵġ
ܽվſڣиֵ뷨
ܿ˳ǽȥˣùܽЦԷǡ
ΪŷȻַˡ
ֻεķǰһ
ŷ澫ȻңǻǵûɽҲǵŷˡֻǳСرС澭ıһСΣıһСΣһ𣬲춼ճմġ
ݻɽ˵ŷҲѵʱ򣬵ֻкٵһʱ䣬ʱʱҲʱһʱһλҪȥһһҩʦ䣬ܳһ·ַ˳֢ɽ˻
书ܽĿЩ͵ŷ棬е㲻š
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ȷڵİɽׯ½ģ˭֪ɽʵŷɩӣ
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ܽ롪⣬մɣǵһٸߵˣҲ޷ģڿ书ٺãҲһӲİ
ֻǶ˵ҲǸ˵ҲǸˡȻòµһͷɽݷݵ°뱲ӣҲһҸˡֻϧڵδᵽҸ
ɽҲǾǰӣǻɽţԼȥ
ҵ㣬Ҳûʲôģֻɱ˰ˡ书ҲҸˣûҪʦˣҲҪˣԼȥһҵɣ
ɽĻúҲЩ˸УҲ֪ɽǲԼѾƽʥ书Ƭ˻ɽȻܽһȥˡ
뿪˰ɽׯһ˾ɽȥĪ£Ҳոһ˽ᡣ
ܽȻĪаοɱ˳ǲķ򣬾û½½кȭʦһҺʮҴҵأĪ߽ԩô㣿
ĪԭжǵľȭʦʮҴҵĳҲˣЩԽҹȥڳӢ½˫ɲҲ˵˾˵ģ
һ˹ĪĽ塣
ĪĽһӣȡĽݫi꣬ѽѽѧ֮ʱĪϴǦòƽһĸԵĹ⻪ȴԽޡ
ڿӢ½˫ĪѾ֪ǵ⣬ʾԴĽк˷
ȵ˾㷹ĪҲ˯Ӣ½˫һ쵽ɽܿˡ
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ĪӭƮƮ̩ȻȻû˿ĻҺͲʣûκεĹ֮ɫ
Ľ󾪣Īô
塭ĪĽĻұǸɱŮħͷԴˡš˹˫㣬ҲŽرһͨˡǰ̫࣬ҳҪģңǳҪԾǰ̹˫ҹƽҲ֣ҲĸԸģҲҪǨŭˣ
˵ֿ½˫˫ɱңҵĵӣҲǹĹɵĴˡϢȥɽʦ֪
½˫һ۳ӢȻνʣˢһĪȥ
Īվԭأ涯ҲƾһԱĽ˫ȭգȴۡһһֻ֣˻
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ĪһСЩΣͷȴֻǿųӢ
Ľмؿ½˫һۣҪǰΪĪֹѪ裬ȴĪһֵ
ӢǰܹĶҿûСѾɱ֣Щ۸Ȼ֣Ҿʹһȭһƺˣ㵱Ҿ˾˾һȭһƣҽҲ㡣Ҿ˾˾ǺһˣҲ͵ϮҲڹ壬Ҳ㣡
ĪһЦضԣɡ
Ӣ˵ͷߵǰһȭؿڣ÷˳ȥϣһСڵϡ
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ĪǰɱȻлڸ֮⣬ǱϾϵծ̫࣬һ٣ҲӦáԺҲ䣬ЩˣȻǲѰǱ֮ˣҲ̣Ҳøˡ
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Դ¶ҪԭҲ͸ٱܻǰһЩܵľٶԺڲҲϡ
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ܽȻ˵⻰Ը⣬һ͸ɽɵģҲȻˡ
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ܽıӰһĽĽҲʧ
Ӣ½˫Լ֪˵оֻǳӢϲԣ½˫ȴֱڿ죬ʵǸôãҿҲһƬ飬ģֻбҲ˵˹⼸꣬еһжأĿʲôû
ܽźԶȥķ̾һ㲻ġ
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ܽ̾˿ⲻһġ˰ȽоһһֻҪоˣС
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οģࡣһں󷽼أʱĶ࣡
Ӣ½˫һЩѧϰ֪ĸԶԹܽıҲŪʲô˼ֻȻΪеϧ
ܽȴ֪ⷬеһɣֻǱɣû˵ˡϾʮһ͵£Ͷʮһ͵˼룬ֻ⣡
˵ЩֻǴԵıȽϣܽİҪģⴿԵıȽϣ
̾ܽԭȥĲӢ½˫һۣҲظ˺棡




һ ЯϹ

δʮ꣬ɹŴ󺹹ɵɹŸϵ󺹵ĺλѾڰȻǰԼĶӼλ̫磬Ķ̫СûԼ
ߣȻҲ֪ɹ˵ңؾǻһһפɹžֻһЩƾѡ
ǣһ͹֮ٴضĻᣬĹУ鶦УһȺΧһ𣬷׷Ҫս
Դԭôʹ·ôʹȥ󣬽ļƵһֱأɹſս¼ŭɹţ֮ȫսʵ־ľ˾ͳߴҲԭ֣ȴڻ׼Ŷ差ǵս
ڱҵĵڶӪһŮźʱ뿪
ˣȻǴӶʮһʹܽˣ
ҮѾʾҪƽ֮λ־һҲȥˣҲܲãȫ̿ʽ΢ˡ
Թܽȫ̵־ƽ̺󣬴кܶ˶ȥ֧ɡ
ܽ˵ͷҲǴ
ȫӸлҵڵɣ̷˵ɣ𴦻ɣɽɣһɽɣ´ͨĻɽɣﲻ徻ɣųƱɡȫɴ˷ɢҲǴ޿κε¡
һɹ˶ȫ̵ĽҲȥˣûΪ㣬ѰչҮҲܻصֻ֣Ҫ취ӽҵĶӾС
ܽҾúû٣Ү൹񺺻ú㲻ʲô岻İɣ
ҰδԪʺĸҰŪˣСһĽܺð
ҵӣһ4һ3꣬ûеǵʱ
㲻˵ҪȥŷôǾûս˰
ܽʱûʲôˣ常ӣĻɽ۽ҲûʲôμӵıҪˡ
̾˿常Ҳ˶ⶣлᣬҪȥ
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ЦЦʥˮҵұ۶κˣôҲҪȥ꣬㸸һ֮ѽȻ̫˼ˣ
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ڸҮܽһ·£ֱꡣ
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ڰѶýҲ˺¡
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ü֪ܽⷽΪ˹Ű壬ͿɵģΪҪʮ֮ˣҶڹ˵úΪЧġ
Ҳ֪ɷɵð˳æɽǿɽôǿ²ðɣ
ܽһЦЦŷմ¸˸ĸ
ŷַˣǳԾǺЦһʱֻԣ֮ų̾һŷ棬ǡǡ
ګԴ֮ˣǡºҲʵҲĴʣҲֻգ
ȴҲãûлɽ۽ĺ֮ǣҲ԰ȫľŵոϣ
ȴɫضɽ۽ô˹Ҵ£
Цֻ룬˲룡ʱ߹иʲôʧź
̾˿Ҳã⼸߹ټȫޣҲ֪
ص˵ƺ˵ʦ书ϴΧ̣Ҳûҵʲô书ؼ
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ܽ˵ûɽ书̫죬Ժɶ书ֻ»ᱻаɡڲ˹ܽд轻󣬶书һ;µԺɵ书ӦڱϿȥûô졣
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ܽȥһ⹫ɣ˳Ҳ͹Ļ¸ˣ
غðôһ䣬ѹܽȫģ
е㲻˼⻰Ǵ˷ܼæվһףСֶΪܽõĻ£ȻĸɣСֶʤм
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ԺһСѾʢСڵͷ󺹡ͣ²֪۵ʱ򣬸οѾʼѧ˺ӣ
ܽ˶СѾСŮʣ˭ôģ
ܽǰ۵СŮͺǸڵк۰֮飬µİҪҪ
ԱߵѾģֻʮ꣬ϵùܽеŵ
ܽ˵ͷģ
Ѿܽòֿ̬ף˵ͷǵģǰģСͷˣҲŽġ
ܽǳ˳顪ǰꣿԼʮ꣬Сͷֻʮ꣬Ȼ˵ĺɼôһ
ܽСѾʲôǴСܽ˵ô
СѾܽԱҲɡʵҲûôҡڵشǰԺ߹رڹضڵ¡æǰ
ܽǶСͷģҲźҵˣ
Ѿǵģҽ飬źСģûʱҲչһ¶Сү
ܽ˵ͷٿ͹²۾ԼɵöЦǵĽ㣬֪ô
͹²Կһۺ󣬺ѹܽСϵһֱƹܽ硣
ܽȻһЦŲơСûƶҪ֣ȴֱճס˳鲻ء
²һ˫ƹܽܽЦŲҲƣϹ²Ƶ;ͻȻתܽš
ܽԸ⣬Ҽ̧һʣְԼҼϡ˶ܽסСǵͨ죬ͬʱ̧ߣܽʳĴָһУ˵ĽżסЦҪҪһֻҲñȥְ衣
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ܽҲԸΪǣֻ΢΢һЦſǣȻûе֮ǰһһǣһһһ£СƤ
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лҪ˵绹һ~ü~Ҳпһ~




ڶ Сס

ǰ̸ܽŵóɻǰӹӡ
ܽӵĶģԻصôĹҪ²߳ôࣿ
ԭղһƣȻ²Ӧڹ֮ϣǹȻһ붼ԹܽŻЩ졣
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ܽ˶ôˣԼô
һȴЦûڹ֪ôˣ
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ЦŹȥӱıȡ߶೤ССǰõĵȱɵģݸܣǵСϲô
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ܽԿһۣеֻȥ͵澭˰ɣ
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ܽҡҡͷֻ²ңΪ֪Ķ
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˵ڽ´һŸԻط
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ʱܽҪǴʳҲҲĽⶾҩʹ㣬һһȥСŮҪ佬ű˳ԣǰκ˲ɣ
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ɽȴҺͰȥһõĶǷޣҲԭɣ
һæ˹һȻǡ澭
һ¿֮ϲɽлǶȥ
ţȲشװ澭ĺӡ
ܽĵؿһۣô;ģ߻ħ
ƲҪֱҪǿⱾûСο񡯵ʫ
ܽޡһԣ
֤Ǵĸ汾֤˵ˣ⹫ʫͲ뿴
ܽˣҪ°ģʮƾͲڼҺˣԣ
ʱѾʧصʲôûУ°ģ
ܽߡһʧ
ǵûУֻǾʦʵҲаǸ汾⹫̫ҪˣҪϲ÷磬αع˼ô࣡ϽдҲ⣬дʱǶ÷˼ģں°⹫ҺСŮమºϺͱ϶ûκε쳣ҰΪʦһǲģҲ֮ܺǰĻ÷ڽ
ȻŹܽѵ⹫Ѿϲŭɫĵز
ܽü㻹治һİԣû갡
ͷѧ۰ôԣȻ̾˿ˣ°Ҳã̫ˣ·ҪаյĺáҲʲô⣡
ǲвƣЩʱЩеΣ
ڶ˼һ·УۿҪʥʱ򣬹ܽȻԼˣ
ûа취ֻð̽ѵͷתԭ·˻ءҪǰȥɣֻºǰʥ˺ߣԹܽǾҪ廹УϽĺã
ŷޣֻԺһȥˣ




ڰ ܽŮ

˵ԭΪʲôһֱûأҮ˺ˣһΪǲʣǰˣԭʮ㶼ʮˣôҲк˰
ڻȥ·СźŹܽÿ˵ôһλ
ȷΪܽǲеʣЩ⡣ܽǾڵþ뼫ߣʱҲ˴Ķŵڵ״ҲΪˣܽһֱԹѡڱԹκ׳ŵΪԼֱһ£˵Ƕλ
ܽʼ磺˭֪أıۣҮ벻кӲİɣ
Ҳ㸸ĸŻỳ
ܽһʱ磬ѾʶǸˣ
һ·˻أǻصʱѾǴʮһˣܽСҲѾ΢΢¡𣬻غ͹ϲ֣æ´ɨ˾Ҹס¡
һ¹ܽص㱣񣬹ҲһƽԹֵܽϰߣһʵ浾ģ
˼͸˵ˣѾ˶ߣǹܽѾһˮʲôɣ
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ܽЦܽʲôչ
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ܽɲ˵²ѳǵ
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룬ô£ֵҪɣһᱻЦŵģʱ˼һΪŮأ
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ЦɲڶʮһͣҲΪҿһ°ɣһҲҰ
ܽЦŴһ£㿪ЦģкɣŮô
ܽ¡ӲȻϸ⻬ĸǺѽһҲûС
ȻҪѲô죿Ŵɲʸѽ
ܽһۣڲ뵽Ⱑ
֪̾ҪԽҸö࿴ⷽǡ
ܽ̾˿ҪҲ֪һʱʷо͸͸ģ

ܽظеֿʼ뿪˸Ųȥĵطȥˡ
Ѿܾûˡ
ϹܽĴ
ܽⷽ츳ġҵԼеĵطԼֽ飬̱
ӾһعȥˣҪżӦ಻סһҲ⡣
˵ҪҲ̥Ǹжð
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ȻŹֵܽĶӿɲСп˫̥
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澭롶澭ͬĵطǲڹܾиֲͬ书
ܽȻ˶ǺҲٳɣһţһڹȻﵽһҪ书¹ȥ˵ڶ꿪澭ҲСɡ
鷿ܽ;øʹһţæһ
ӣʹ˳ôôˣ
ܽۡҪˣ
һ¾ͰѹܽˣһһߺܽҪˣȥţȥдܽҪˣ
ڹĺôһ涼ˡ
ǺܿشСѾ˶ϵ˹ܽ⣬ͻأйܡ˼࣬ǷٸϵԵ϶Ǽ͵ǲ档
ܽʵ˵ҲûдԼĶӴеݣȵػʱҪһȦֻһ̥Ҫôˮ̫࣬Ҫô˫̥
͹ܽе뵽ˡܽʱһֱڷҲġ
Ϊ㱧ŵĹϵܵӰˣҪһֱ˹ĺӣһǸ֣
ܽȻֿԲ󣬵뵽ʮһ͵̥̣вˣҲҪģ㲻ָһڹģҲҪչչҪԼĺظԼʲõı硣
Լ̶ֳȵ书һԼڷܣҪһԼͻ˾磬ԼҲ½˫ľɣ籲ҲȲϣ
ξӣܽҲŵڣְϣһϵĸĸ飡
Ҳ֪Ĺϵ⺢̫Т˳ܽ˳ŵָ˳;áһͣиȻĶȻһ޽Уæ˹ȥϴϴİ
ûȹܽŮ;öʹûꡪɣ˫̥
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͹򸾵ˣһӤޣϲüҡ
Ҫȥţ˼໹Ƚ侲һѱʦ壬һ°
˼ĻŭĿӣҶʮˣҵӣǱȥģ
˼Цŵ˵ͷţʦְ
˵ŻȥĶġ
쿴ĸףȴû˼ΪŻû򿪣ôЩʱˣҪʲôɲáʱѪ˿ûȵģ
Ҳ֪صĵģԼҲ顪ܽԭûе£ܲ
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˲˿
ЦǰҼܽӣӱʱҪأҾ˵ģȻˣ
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΢죬ܽʱ򣬻أ
ȴôûѵܽ͸֧ˣûðӦú˳Ŷԣ
û뵽䣬ڷڷڷƪ¡
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ڵһͷǡеĸѹȥһһҹĸ裡
ûеĸ֣űСֻһͬһưС͹ϲ
ǺŵЦеΡ
˲Щǰʣܽô
вɶЦŵСһаãϢأ
һ㶡Թܽڹô㹦ôҪϢ
ʣһѾϲϲưϲүС˸̥
һһ˹ҲʶؽӹһԼġȻƤģǳöһģһ
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ܽеһڣůغ۾Ȼŭ㣬һҹôҲȲˣ˵ǲǹģ
֪ǲܵģ˭׼
ܽءߡһʱڹǰ׷ȫŪȥˣԭڹҲ߲٣
ǰɣҪÿֵĺָܳˣ
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ܽ̾˿Щֺγֻ֪һ̥ĴԾ⻹ѲҪѲֻĴ붼Ҫȥ
ʲôأ˵ãŮ𡣡
Źֵܽ
ܽҡҡͷԭֻһ벻
ԭǸʲô
ܽ룬˼ԭȾֻ
һ֪ʵ˼ʮһ͵ļ˺ѣԲŸŮ֣ǱǺãϴ˼϶䣬գйΣ
ܽˣижʲôҶһ
룬Ǿͽй룬ô




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һˣرôˣʲôǹģѽġ
ȴȻϿ׶ţȡɣ
ܽһۣ֪ʱɼгȡֻ˹֣ƾĸλ
ؿһ۹Ҳ֪ҪԼȡȻǾŮǹգϴ϶־ȡɡ㸸ĸԼˣŮҿͽйɣ㿴ˮ۾ÿ
ЦЦӳ裬ȻǺÿģ
ȻֶԼӿ˿ҲˣɡͽİˡСͽ˼ͽˡ
ܽ˵ͷɣ֣ҲֻǸ롭
̾˿Ȼ˶Ѿѵõָ֣˶ԸصʮһִͣΧſԹͨļֵۡ
Ĺܽ˰ɣ֮֮Ļǻһѽ
Сһ־Ҳͬʱõ˹˵ĳ谮
ܽǶΪĸûʲô̫Ծӵ£˲飬ǻæܽʱҲúܹⲻȥʱҡ
Դ˵һѪ90ԲУԼİɣ
ܽһʱȻԼԲУҲ֪Լ˼άһֱǴҸĸˡж̩ΪԼ֪飬Żᵨ׳Σյ£ʵԼðա
ܽеȻֵҲˣʱ䳤ˣԺȻͻиˣ
ܽһ벻ǽʱܽ౧ӣһҪԼ£ҲҪԼιȻĸ鲻˳ԵģҲҪÿСһȳһ˵
Ƶعһ£Ӻôˣܽһڵõ˽ţԳˡ
ȻֹС꣬ܽŽԭڹϾ𰭣һʱǻزˡ
ܽ˺ӣҲֻ˼ͥһֱӡ
ִֹ꣬꣬һϲ磬һЩѡһƴʦļһûһ֮£֪ɹžƹΣȥˡ
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ڴݺĿǣߴĵ·˳˶ʾʿɡ
ܽʦȶһһ˴
ʦһģҲܿն޶ԡ
ܽһҪǰȥҲԴ˺֧֡һʦصġ
ǹܽЯȥ˴СѾͷ˼ͻչˡ
ʦΣôԭϿ˵СŮʧٺĵʮġ
·ʹܽ
ܽҵȻ֪ڵʷС˵Ѿһ𣬶ұǷı̫࣬˭֪Ǹʲô֣ʷϴȷǽܵҵĹ̶걻ġС˵ְѴɸսͬһ꣬ʵڲ֪Ӧһˣ
̾˿ǰңҪԿ治֪ôˣ
ܽ˭˵ҪɹˣֻҪȥʦˡܲҾ֮аɣʱôߣν
˵ͷ˵Ҳûսһ˵ʵǲ󡣳һٻжԷͳ˧
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ܽɱеɹ壬ɱǵĺˣˣҲ޷ڵսҡϱ֮սҪеģɹˣξҪʱ򲻹˭ʤ˭ܣսʱ䳤ˣùĻϰաΣǰɹѸٽսӭһƽʱ
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ܽšһͷʾͬ⡣
µ;Уܽ˸Сӣȥһ˾ȣҵ˳Ӣ½˫
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ҾҲĺĶУǰݺҲлݺͲֲһƬ԰ˡ
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ȻȥеңǸģҲкô
ǳӢΪͽ½˫İΪͽֻնԷͽŮ
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Ӣе㲻ˡ
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ܽһæɲð죬ɹүңʿ٣ǻôӳ飡
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ܽȴҿӢزݣҹ½˫ߣ




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һ·ѾõϢα·о·أ̨죬·ĶҮɽ죬·ͷ׼ضǡ
ܽһϼƣɹ·ΧزɵΪ˳أ·ֻҪһ·ͲֱǡԳӢ½˫ȥɱأ̨ܽȥǡ
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⵹˵ڵ̫ӵʱûйĹǸȨϴȨ䣬Ϊʵֻǿܣ˵ˣ֮ǰТ۶ҲûжԹĻȨ
ʵɹűα·õӦԷʽ··ȼĶ·ڵıʵʮǰ͹һ·Ļʤġ̩鲻ԸֱǣһҪеıȨԼУһҪǣĵطˡ
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֪ܽˣҲ˵¾ʹĺͶᰣ׹ضȥֱ׷ϣʡ
һֱ׷ԶûмϣʵӰ׷죬ҵıѾ׹أ·ҮɽҲѾҦܽе֣ƤߣȥҺҡ
Ҽ˺˿ûбֳɵɫذѶӭԼʡ
͹ֻܽ˵Լڴ棬Ҿʴǰ
ܽûһ£ĸߡ
ҼܽסߵˣܽλСĹͣλԸĴ޳޳ֵܣһλެӷλԭĹ㡡
ں˵Լʱ˵ͷʾ⡣
˽ܹܽλĺѣλλλڣá
Цүʵǲãʦáǰѻɻˡ
һ仰ҲұԼ٣ҵĹǡ
ҺǺЦϲϲϧС²ǰʧ񣡡
˵кˣ̽İúϡ
ܽ㶼һ㶣ϷӦһҮ˵Լ£֪Ǹȥĸ֣һֱߣ׼ʱˡ




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ǳҲšҵȷǶ˲ŵӢ
Һڳʱ˽£ȻѶ˵ߵ˽ܣɼԽ˵ļɻҲףԲ
ڳӣȴ׸ʲô֪ȻѲ⣡
ܽһۣӣҹл
ȴЦλβ򿪿⣬ҲٲһݣԱҵ⡣
֪ܽⲻǿףʹֶθ磬ǲһһԼߣˡ
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ǰܽȱ⬼һһϣ书ҲԶ˼ʱ۶ֱˡ
Ҽɫ֪˶⣬Ц֪λɻ⣿
ү˺񰮣Ҷ˲Ϊүô繦ʵںա
ЦγԣСʣ˴ģպҪ̲ǣλȴ
֪ܽҵ˼µĹߣָ书棬ϸ˾ͲһˡǱҳ־ºı˹ˣú˳޶ˣȻֻǵźҵ棬޷ˡ
ʱɫֵʱҷԸһԼ÷
ƹѲެӷȻѮȴסһžƺһһֻƱ˹ܽǸŮӣܲ۸һŮˡ
ɫ֪⣬΢΢һЦֶΡ
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Ʊȷǰ
ֻӷԼһִ΢΢ǰײֵľƺΪƣȴǺֻڣȴײİС
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ʵӷ书֮ǰҲڲ֮䣬ֻܽ书Ѿɣ㹦ʵǲˡ
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ٱأܽΪŮӣֻһЩơ
Ҳδղڱգֻ׽ҲܸˣƵƵȰƽʳֻŮݡ
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ܽҲɻһֱֵ㶵ضЩŮӣһӣﰵ̾ԭŮ;ģ
ȷе˰ƣе˰Ȩе˰е˺ɫں˵ʹ͵ĶҪʱ̴ߵġЩŮӣУ˶㲻ϡŴŮˣǱɫ
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סҹǾòԣطԹܽ˵ϣʻ᲻ȥɱҮɽˣ
ܽ˵ɣ·ϣ˵Үɽսʤûʲôأ
Ҳ֮ǰϢҲѱʲô⡣
ܽ˵ô죿
һҮɽǱߣţ۷ϣһߣᱻײҪȥأ̨ǱߣгӢ½˫ڣҲ̫Σա
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ڶСˣܽһҶȥû̫⣬㡶Դ˺ΪпǼϸӪȥȥˣҵָܽ˵ҲǼϸҪժƤߡ
ʵ˲ûмܽӣܽժҲæԺҲҲҪһºһԼӽͼıЩξߵ̬ȣӰҮ̬ȡ
ҲþĻɹܽһʼ˵ҮѣԹܽ˵һʺȥˣԼһ֮˵ҲûлɣǻɣҲֳ
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㡼άܽиǼɶʣڷǺˣȻүãóΪλҪڵĿ
ܽߡһҷ޶˹߽үΪֻΪҮҶǹʽԲŲǰȻ˼ɣҵȥ
֪ܽұȻԲԲŻ˵Ҫãھߣ
ȻҺǺЦ߹ס㡵ֵСԸλˤøλҲңҵͰӪˣ׹أûʲôҪˣǿֱǣ
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ܽˣҲһƽϣԼĻɹ˵Ķ
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ֹһ죬ܽɹžӪûκε쳣
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ܽϡǵôڱ󣬶ȻΪܹܣȻǻʵۣҲܳȻƹŴĹ֮ǰϵܣ˵ӻùЩ
˵ҲΪһƴʦŲԸΪϳİɡȻһƴʦ֮ܣд̺ңܻǿԵġ
ֻǷϣʾĶأ
ֱҹܽŻҪ˯ȥȴȻ߽
ܽ΢΢üϸһˡ
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ѵƤߣҲɫǣ
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ˣֲɱǣֻøһѵգ
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ܽѸݣ޳ǲУûı޲ϹܽܽĽѾжСˡ
޳ֻòܹܽƴܳһȥʱ޳ɹҲع˹˫ִָһ֧̰ܽͱ
 лҪ˵һѿдƪ~ԭBG,ȤĿȥһ.





ʮ 

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ʮ ŭ

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ʱܽס֮Ҳ
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ֵһܽȴѾ㣬˴޳ĵѨ
ֵܵ书ҪԶ߹Է޳޵ݳҪʷ͵һԸֹܣѨƣʷ͵ĸֹ۽йڶϡ
ܽôֵЩС࣬Թһʷ͵ĸֹܵд޳ָ񿪣޳ȻûܵʲôصˣȴҲѪһڡ
ܽҲһץס޳ȥǱ㡵ǰ
ХʱΪ಻ѾмͷСޱڵˣһЩޣҲͣ˽Ųڵϣ
ʷֵ书ӷˣѾģֻǴеǰֻҧš
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ܽҵæ޳ɹǱ߹ȥ
޳ɹѾֵܽ龰ֻǿڱ־Ҵ޳סʷͱʷǱԶһĳ档
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ܽҲԸ޹Ū˳ֵ˴޳ɹѨȻ˵㡵˵ǰ
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ʮ ʷֵ

ܽȴѵڵϵʷպʷǿ˲ֻ˺Ⱥ޽Ե
ϼѾֿܽǷХըʷֵҲ֧ŲסڵϣܽǱһһʷպʷǿģԱХ
㡵ȻΪХ±ܽһٵ֣ХҲǺȻѣڹ岻ѡ
ʱһ˶СҶˣҲͣˣ͵ХУܽȻش˵ĶУ˸Ǿ졪֪ԭܽ书ʵڲ
΢΢һЦͣХ£ܽǰȻӷִ֣αΪЩСಫ˱Ѩˣһ˵ţһΪӷѨ
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˫ҲԽԽΪ̣һֻ֣±ȺΧסѲһҲۿֵܾܰȻأοֽΧ
ܽĳ֣Ƕ˵ĶΣǽһ֡
ʱʷѾӵվӷ̸֪ǺáҪϰɣ书Բ̫࣬ȺҲѾſڵϣһҲҶЩѾŵʺһʱ졣Ҫ߰ɣѵͷֵܶ˲ܣ
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ܽǱʷպʷǿˣ˶ǺصˣһʱȬǱ˵ͷֶ˵ΪүЧҪעһЩǡԭأʿʱһ书ܺ޼ɵġж򸾵书ѾóϷΨΨӦ֮κβ֮⡣
ܽǻ߰ɣȺ޻δָˣ˵лתȥˡ
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˺̶̶ܽпǰ˹֮Ůݼһ




ʮ β

Ƭֻ̣һӰ̶˳߽һȴһڵİ׷ϸȻˡ
ʷֵܼں̶磬Ȳѡ
òܹǰܽһ񣬹ܽǰǹصŮһˣֻβãѪѵˣ
ñղǹ֮ŮãԲųһҪβһˣˣǼֹܽǹصŮ뵽ԼҲȷǷŶһЩ飬룬Ȼϵĸĸȴϵ㣡㻹ǿ˰ɣβƵģ͸㣬ȥѰȤС
ʷæλǰɰƽСҲв٣ѰЩ͸ǰǡ
ʱҲһԵǰֻϵǾͲǵֻѪÿֻȡһСѪȡѪҺò˶೤ʱ䣬κˣ
ÿһۣк⣺ôǰʲôҪǿ
ܽæңðǰֻǻǰҵȣΪһã
áߡһҿǣ˭ң
ܽüõȷǲԭϻ˵ǿѣԭ´ȶԼнڣȻش𡣼Ȳ˵ͬ⣬Ҳ˵ܾ
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ʷֵһˣҲ׷׵ͷ˵һòǲ
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ʷֵǰ̶֪޷̶ּʶܲͨ书֪书˼̫Զ㶯˾βĸ֣ҲǴ鷳ǶܽΪм
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ʮ 빬ı

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ӣС㣬մֵвǲֵܸǣ
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ܽüͷ˰죬ֻõҲֻһһ¶ˣ
һ·Уϱ߽һСϣһԵģȴȻԽֵһﴫһ˺֮ŮŤһ˺Ťһ
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ʱѾֹ꣬ǱĴˣûиϻ꣬Ҳǹ棬һ˵ꡣ
Ȼһ·϶ûоʲôУǰһʱܽҲʵһֱһֿѹ֮УڰӰ׸˱˴ҲǸϽæ͵У꣬ƧҲǱһζ
Ů˵˺ʱ˶ȥǣ˵ȥȰܣǿȥһۣż̲סģҲ͵һ۾͸ϽͶ𴦡
ܽԸ֣ͣ˻ͷʼ˺ɱŮˡʱķֳ֦չŮˣΧ˺һЦһ߼Ȱܡ
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һϴģŮӲݣһȴڵϿ޽ǸŮƿ޽еûĵģռǿȢңˣˣҸ۸Ҳܡ
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ιܽٰǷӣȻҲСֱѺݡĸпҲвЩս뷨
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кܶɹʱɹŵϸ֪ģЩԼƲˡ
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ܽ빬ɱڡڶȫγ鳼ȻɱǣҲñļ鳼ڣɲǸոĳڣʵжƽǸˡڵĻʵˣ
һϣܽ͵͵Ǳ˹С
ʹȷܴܽСĵƹѲߵ׽һ̫࣬ʻʵ۵䡣УĸŪʵȥֹʳֹסַŸȥֹס
˼ֹסûӽﴫŮЦ
ʱѾʮˣȴȻĺŮɫܽҲ̾ѡܽԴɱڣʵеĲ̡
ȻһҲûʲô֮ɱеݵġⲻɱɣɿǶ֣˲ٵĳǣɱ˲ٵƽɱ˹ɹܽһھζûСֻǵʱɱǸŮӣȴһֱùܽڻ
ȻʱοܽҲѹĵףʱʱȻⲻ
ǣҲǱӵ˰ΪԼţһ޹ˣ
ܽҲ̾ϢҲֻоοѡ
ҪɱڣȻ飬ܽԲе¡
ֹڵķϣովûȥһƬһʲô˸ݣڻڣ
ܽ󾪡ôҲû뵽εĻʹڣȻĸ֣
ʱѾԶԶĴڸѾ߸ˡ
˲ñģһƻݶڣܽ״Ҳȥ
һͿһµ§һŮӣ˫ŵؿܽ
һӣһ̫භһ
ܽҲΪпиֻǷֺ˹סɹܽ֡
ǹܽڳ֣Ǹֵ̫Ȼܽ˹
ܽһ֣˵߾ߵģʵ̫ˣ
ٿ˵ֻƹһӰȻ̫壬ʧɫ
̫ؿܽзת˱ù̫ܽѨһ³磬֮ܽԽ̶Էʺֶָ̫һЮȻЮס˹ܽĽзһͣҲֱͣȡܽͷҪѨ
һһȥһǽʮĿлڣ޴󣬷ǱƵ̫תڲɡ
̫̫죬书ɲ⣬ȥȹܽģܽȻҲûϵ̫ĳֻô죬ҲˡҶղѾʶ̫书ˣΪĿǲס̫࣬Ըղȡƣûʧ֡
һȹֻܽùڡνĹؾȣΧκ֮
̫Ȼ˹ܽһӰǰһһơ

ڶʮ ؤ

ֻһΣ̫ȴǵһһţֻһӵ̫ҲסΡ
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̫վΣȴҲûнֻǶŶ˿šϾԷ˶֮࣬ʹΣ֮С
и̣ǰѴ̿ȫ£Ҳ޼ˣ
ǹܽȴ֪һεд̣Ѿʧˡ
ΪĴѾˡ
ȻѲɣҪϣȫ˲ϲߡ
˫һ̫һƣŹܽϷȥҪߡ
̫Ȼ׷Ŷ˾ͳ˹
̫Σȣһ㡣ɽȣͬʱһЦ
ܽ󾪣ֻЯŽŻߴˡǶ书ȵ˵ʹʱϾȻ˲ٵˡ
ʱֵĴһЩѾ˵˴˶Ѿûа취ڰЩˡҪǣ书ߵ̫ڣûôʿҲӲˡ
ܽнпࡪû뵽Լ˾ȻĪɥڴ˴ˣ
ߣｻң
ܽҧƨҪߣ
ˣ˻ǵĺӣҪչǵĺӣ
ܽҧֻǲֻһ̫ȥߣṦã֮ƣ
˹ֻܽչ˫̫ȥΪûаߡǶһ֣Ҳ𲻵ʲôã
ڶۿҪΧ֮ʣһӰͻȻԶӽлһγ
̫౻һһ񣬹ܽæûһ̫ķӽ˦ѡ
ȴǰľԭ̫࣬ڳļ¶γ
ȻǱؤ߹
ԭ߹ڵ֪ŷ֮֮Ҳɽׯȥ֤ȻѾմˣҲͷģֿʼԱµó̡
ּλʹĸζֲ֪Ļʹڣ᲻ֳµĲȣٴǱ빬еŷٴοʼ͵ŵ
ȴû뵽ҹԵñغ˯ȴһƬӡԭд̻ʵˡ
ҲǺ߹ѪȻȥһ˭ôĵӵͷɹǰ˵˻Ҫһš
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Ǵһγ֣ǰһγȥ
γ书ȺҲһϽҹȻһ˵ĸ֣Ȼ˱
߹Ҳ֪γ书Ⱥڱ𴦣˺սһγڲ֮أۿҪڸΧϣôڻʹﶺ
߹˫ʮ£ʵ浲ܶγĹһ߶Թ˵ߣｻң
ܽһҡͷʱº߹ôȥ
ʱЩҲΧܽں߹࣬һߵֵĹһ߻עⶭγ
γ˱ΧˣҲǰϲ㽥Ż˹ƣͼͽ˰Χ
ⶭγȻ书ǿȴǿ֮ǰŻʵ۵棬ȻܷŹˣ˸߹ǰȻȻеһֻҲȻܵʣ¶˵ķȻƾ书ֻҪеһҲƾưһ򾡣һԼͻˡ
Ϊ˻ʵǿԵģƴͲˣҲܱܾͱܡ
ң־ʹΧԼȥҲԼˡ
Ϻ߹ΪȴǸպ붭γ෴ΧΧ֪ٵȥֻ˶Ҫ
ԼѾǸˣٻҲνǹܽᣬҲҪӳȥεδҪǡ
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ܽ󿴵ĳ棬Ǻ߹ñȫѪص龰
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ܳܽˮ̲ס
տĿ磬ںҹҲܼܽᣬҲгʹ
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ùܽȽ侲ǺȥȲغ߹Ҳ޷ɱѾһڴһĶγװٴѡ
Թܽסˡֻǿ߹һܣȻ֮أ
ҺöγȻΪѸͣṦȴǲܽһڴ͸ˣԼǹܽϴˣֱȵЩǽͷܽûӰˡ
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Ҳͷֻ书ֹˣ
ܽһ벻Ķܣֻ书Ҫǿγ书Ĵʼߣֻ½ǶӳˣӦǶγֻᰢķеļһֵ˻书̫Ļģ䴫ڲǡ
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ܽҡҡͷΪ£Ѿƽ߹ҪȥһûκΣˣḷ́
ףܽȥɱڣƽʱΪ̫Ҳһԭ򣬶ȥɱµ֣
һ£ֵȻڼλѳɱȻ֮ƣΨһģǸϽźͳߡ
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ЦЦ̫ӹУض˽̵̫ӡر̫ӣǸܱȽϵ͵ˡԣҪһһߡ
һһ䣿ܽüë˭ôţ
Ȼ½Ѿ佫ǻʲôɶģĳȻˣ
ܽһƣѽôˣǸôأ
ΪһǰѺ͵ĶˡɰܿɾڴһˣͿ¸ƵˣΪ˵½ŵȥ
ܽˣϷϸϸһȻȥĻ
ĻٰʱнύƵƵϵսܣæӦǲģ

إһ ٰл

Ȼڴ֮ǰܽҪģҵ߹ʬס
ܽҹʹڣ׽˺ü̫࣬෽Ŵ߹ʬˡ
Ȼпܻǹܽȥ˵ʬһطˡ
õʱܵ˶ˣ⼸ĹҲòˣ²˳٣±㶯ǰȥ
ҿĿԲ󡣡ȥ·ϣԹܽ
ܽʵΪʲô
ҪϵûҪϢôܡ
ܽһ룬ȻеȻϢ͸¶ûҪϷ
һжȻˣܽյͱʿʹΧסˡ
ܽһӵĻһγûиǻ󡪡ûĸѹȺҲץǣ
Ȼ˵ΪһǸе׼еġ
ַֽܽ룬Ʒʮƣνǵң߷ˡ
γҲ֪»ʵʧֻЩҹ˵ı֣ЩҲ๻ˣǶγûϵܽбִİҲУʿʹڸ֣˼ɱ
ܽҲ߱ŵˣֻǴӼýϹ۵Ĵҿڹ
ʱõϢԭ߹ʬڻʹ֮Уһ乬֮С
ЦһѨϣһȥҪҾɱ㣡
˼ʶ书ﻹԵ˼ͷûˣǣλɵðһȻҿɾˣ
һҲܽʩչʹȥ
ָ·Ȼܿҵһ乬˽ȥһȻ߹ʬڵء
ܽлأǸϵ·˺˸ᣬӹȥס߹ĽţһһӣѺ߹ʬ档
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ܽӽӿȥ¾ͰӸˡ
ͷ̫һʱûϸ룬˰ɣɱҲɱôˣҲںһ
ʱⷿµѾӸΧ˹
ܽʱѾѺ߹ʬӡ߹ʬϣȻҩùܽзϢȻҪϵ
ҲǶγҪ׽ڣҲΪʼҴڣһʱҲ̫ĶҩԹܽź߹ʬݶϣӷϰߡ
γȻȺ֮СҲûϵܽôΪǸסˡϴεĴ򶷣ܽԽûֳ
һιһӣһ󷢳İ˳
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ٰǣҪ½¸Ͽ㶨ȥĻȥ
ȻܽĻ˵ҪԼδŵʱĻһҲûлɣظ˵ϣ
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ĻŶǰƵĸϡ
Ƶʮ꣬ȴǸʮ꣬泤룬ӳϿҲһ˲ţɫ԰ף޹⣬ȻҲǸɫ֮ͽѾηٵļõóֵĳˣɼ˲ŵѷ
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ʱ£ʷϾ޽Уڻʵ۾Ȼ˶ȫ£ǻ谵ˣ
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ƵΪר裬ҲûͶȫã˶ְƽʱ綡ȫţֻǰְ¡ȫȴ̫࣬Ƶ׷ɱúܳףһֱеźѺĽٹ⼷ˮ
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ŹܽһǶ⣬֪վһŮһѳΪĸŮôҲֹˣҲֻǼ䣬Ҳ޷ʲô̫嶯˺߹Ļ
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һ˵һ߻΢΢ŭѾƣڻһȥһϴİ̴ľɴɼƬ
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ȴһԵ߹ĳ𣬾ô˲ɣ

إ ս֮ǰ

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Ӣ½˫Ȼ˼ʦҲ㲻ҲṦһˡգҿǿһЩβȥɽ
ҡͷ֪Ƕγ书ǿǿٶϣͳֿþˣֻڹܽӢ½˫һ׿˫赵Ľǹδǿʱ׽ס常ŷ棡ֻҪγǶ˳֣׽סγ
Щţϻ˵Ľ
ܽͷȷˣֻҪ֣ǰְϣҲδʤ
̾Ȼ֮治СֲҪ˼ݵ£
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ɫҪȥٺ٣пܣҵȻλγ
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ۿҪǣȥ
Ҳ֪˵Ҳֻһ
ܽĸΪ֮⣬ǻһɡ
ҡҡͷУ߹˼ǵʦҪȥģǻɡؤ£³ʲôΪѵģҲþ
ܽһ㶡ʲô˼Լؤˣ
һǹʮˣ뿪ؤѡ˰ɣ
ʱҲѹζæ³ؤ԰ºʹС񶼺ϤʲôѰ£ҺܽȻҲҪæģ
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ǣں߹ѾȥˣήʮƵֻʣ͹ˣܲ³нŰѰλӴɣ
ԽҲ޿κΣֻˣ
󣬻ؾʹżؤӳˡֻǺ߹ȥϢûʽֻǴżؤгȿŵĵӣԼһ𣬰Źܽ˵ĵص㣬һ·ȥٰ
׼ҪԮˣҲ֪ǲ⣬һж׼õʱͻȻ˴꣬һ¾¸ֱͣһº˻˺߹ʬ壬껹ûͣ
Ϊһֱ£˫ҲһֱûжҲ˵ûֻܵǱذΧˡ
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ڵɹžǰȫɱˣ󲿷ֵʿɱĺɡЩɹ˵Ķٺѵ£սȻεľҪǿһЩȴԱȲԭȵɹˣҲΪξӽʤ
ʱǻд书ؼǣѽʮƵҰ洫
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ѧڼҰƷڹֻ˰¾ͰʮƸѧˡ
Ȼͬչһ㳣Լﾲ˼ȫܽȥ
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ܽҲ̫⡪ʱڵʱǺƽʱӦòҪôǿ书ǡ
һ꣬ĸ£ֱǰϦŽͣϢɹˣܲĴ꣬һ¾ͳˣ֮սҲоˡ
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ԣ߹֮𣬻Ҫٱ
ʱ۹ϰʹ̶֪ݣƹϣξ差棬ɢصתƵĵ¼ϣߴԴ˸Ϊ
Ϊ߹ɥ֮ʱɹžξӴ⣬ҹ측Ŷɺӣᷮǡ
ǹԳؤٴι㷢ӢҪٽȺ۵ضᷮǡ
ص˼³н֮λҲһ˳Σ͹ܽ˺ƾˡ
ǰҲСˣҲܸõôһɶգȻη˼˶˼䡣
ܽƲƲ졪Լʮˣ˼˵ң
֪ŮĪĸؼܽƲ죬֪˼ϵҿ˽ʮؤģɱΪôžϹȥˣ
ܽǳ˳顪Ҫô㣬ڽεĺãڽΣʮƵʱʱӳ죬Ҳý̴ְҲûԸĸ
ؼܽЩĶҲ˵ˣǺúɣ
ǹܽڵһ£ҵؤšеУڣ»ЩСߺߣԤȰѴִϣưƲͷĹȻĸº;ºϲǰ£ĸҲܴˣҲѲ˶񣡡
ȻЦԹܽȢǺðѧƷܵѧ򹷰ˣԭҮ뻹Ҫأҿɾʡˣȥ벻޵жѰ
ܽһۣ޵УȥԸԸγ
Цһ½ϣŵϱ̬ûȰ
ǵڶ죬˾ҵ˻أ˵Ըؤ뷨ҲԼؤĸĸ뷨ҪҲ˵˳
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ܽһһȻǴȶһȻƼ
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ȴ˵ܽҡͷȥܽգ˼£ȴ˵òŷİɣԭû£ǵҲûµģ
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֪ܽڰοԼҪ֪ʷľƫϵͳɲģ
ʱǱһ˸̨Уһ˸ؤŮŮᣬͶ
Ƕ죬㡡
ԭǵС
㡲֮ˣ˵ⷬܽŮֻҲҪԹܽġ
ؤһֱǵһĴ㡵ȻҲһġ
͹ܽ˶ԷһۣһȻһؤӵҺͷ˽ͬȥǵŮͬǼסǡ
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ؤһ˴ӣԻĿ᣺Ǹһȥͬ
ȺؤҲ׷ױʾҪͬȥܽˣҲܸжЩӣǲս빲Ƿ꣬Ǳ¼ĹϵУѾֵ֮顣
ܽؤЦĸŮ͸Ů֮飬˽£Ƿɷİ֮ǣǹ£򹫶˽һңɹ˵ļƣȥǲ
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ܽҡҡͷ㽫ﻹʱϸ飡
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ܽһ벻ԭ˫Ծȹȵ־գ˫δȻô˷ˡæ鴽ڣգ˫һ˿һӰӣ
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Ǳ߹Ҳְ裬ŮФҪ
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ܽ漴ǣԼСģ
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ǽߴʮɣû׼£ξͳɹžһΪǷԸɱҲԸɹ˵вأ
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󾪣æХҪȥŷ棬صоȴùȥ
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