ãصС˵ www.27txt.com ӭȥŶ
վԴתԻ˲κθ,֧棬ȨУ
ȨУغ24Сʱɾñ鲻빺鼮лߵ֧֣


ʣҡߣnarentuya 



ݼ飺




ⱲԸʳǵĻԵɹһ

ϧԸΥģͱȥԽˡ

̣ǻѾҲԼ

תֱıΪĴԽ˿̹ĵһ.̣Ȼ̫Σգ۸ʦɽȥûǳɵ־Ըܺúûţ

˭֪ոճ۵ĻɽײһƱ׷ŵļһ

Ҫࣻ

Ҫ

Ҫ

Ҫɡ

ɰ






һ ˼
һ    Ϸľϲ




ƣգ÷꼾˵ѵõĺ¶黹û価̵ĺҶǳѵõĺ÷羰һ˶ڳСͤУֽ̿Ѱһ̼Ҫ 
ͷûԶһһŰɫ˲ܿȻƮƮɷǵˡһ˶ʮ£ݣ鶯ӥǱīڷͷãľ˵ƮĸݣǰǵǸۡһ˿ͣĸߣ׳˶ܶ࣬ͷȫؾصͷǷȴϢ 
ٶƿ죬תսѽں󱳣ͤˣŲ 
ݵᳵ·Ҳġιһ 
һ̧ͷĹˣڿ 
ɶʱ˧簡ǲ 
Ҳ⣬ϴʱûôһˡʮ߰ӣͷЩ̣βЩ죬黨ڱϣûжɫۣüۣǣᴽİ͹£ߣʣ¶ˮһ˫ֱۣ˫޹ǣһʮָմˮûаΣһѾߵװǵûǫͷȴʲôһš 
ġѾߣϵ檣ˣݣ 
գգ۽ŶšѾߣ˭ 
ȣҾүꡣƤٺҲһ¡ 
ðǹ⣬֪үֶһã 
Դ󺺼ȤҲҽܣʦ֣Ӣ 
оԼҪεˣ⡭ǡ 
ѾͷÿˮˣͷƤ飬תߣӢҲŽȥ˷ֽܵҲʰȥ 
ѾѰңңүæӭ˹ȥӺеĽ꿴ѾߣѽӸѰֻýӹӢĽ 
£Ȳڣ˿̽ǧǹҲķ˲ 
תͷʦҲһζĿߵѾǣȤѾߣҲ˵һ·Ͷ٣ʦҪҪȥȥϴһ£Ѱȥ䣡 
Ѱ΢΢һӣ 
ǾˣӢ΢ЦѰȥˡߣͷƳ 
˵ȣ˿ڲ衣û㣬ʲô 
ҽ 
Ѿ߶Գơū澡İɣ 

Ų㡣ˣ 
23˵2ꡣ 
ꡰۡһв˳ֳӵݸ꣬־һ鶯ˮûмȥ·Ծ 
ϰ˱ź򣬾ͽŶ·ȴӵȺԼùӲ˾ʹ˽ס 
˰Ѿ߷񵽼ңЦӯӯĿԼֻýӹԼ 
ϸôǲ˫ʮͣοŮʽǴЩҲҪ͡ԽѾͷЩ֡ 
ʣж೤ʱˣ 
һ¡ 
ѾͶ˻ϼȥ˻̫̫ˣûͲŽġѵǸԼԤͨѾͷ 
뵽ܵĴ𰸣˲ҲоΪʲôҪѱͣæӵȥ̫̫밲øȥɣ 
ģʩһ񡣿źܣٺһЦ䡣룬û뵽Խкôôǰǵӣù׶ŵĻˮ 
ûǴԽġ 



                  ڶ ࿴ԽⱨӦ




ĸǰǲǴԽĿ˲⵽Ӧأú룬ƽҲûɹʲô£ƽµĻ25꣬СѧѧѧɼƽƽҵȻҲûУڸС˾װƣʹҲûʲôƵϣҲûһÿ°լŮŵĻϵˮԸ׳ֻиͼݡ 
ϧЩûʼͽһСҲǲʱôģֻ֪ôġǡԽˡ 
ò岻Ȳֵϰ̫Ĺ̫̫̫Į⻹ʲôᡣǱż񵽣ͱˡ 
Ĵǣѵ󣬳ɹĸլӡ˭кǸţ 
Ϊʧ䣨дʣĹŮõĺܱȱ¥Ҫá 
ʱҲ޳ɣǷǩԼĹ𣿷ҲûлڣнˮٵĻպܡ 
Լ֪ܼҷµԭǺү²20ĶүѰģɾͨѾͷ 
үڽһҲĸˣǧ㣬Ų࣬3ŮҲ٣һŮƽֻһɡ 
үʱͳһǰ;ޱȿְҵʼҲ䷨һͲŽӴʿʼ̾ȵͬʱҲû˷ѻᣬԼĶ͵˴ʦ˶Ժүһ顭⣬Сӹ棬ǰţֵߵߵֱӴΪͽܡүǱΪĵӡ 
Դү5ɽͺүڹʡ׾ͳ˾ĴӢĹ̶ү15кӢĻתΪ飬һֹСʦѰ˽÷ŵնħְ˳ɽˮұ٣̫ò֪¡ 
ⲻһҾȤˡ 
ϴ糾·ӢˬĴҲûѰšѰںѾߣϤүıʦ֣֪ϲź򣬾͸øȥˡ 
Ӣ䵽ϣͤѾ߻ڻ滭Ųȥιۡ 
үʦˣʩ˸תȥĻ 
ӢѾ߲Ҳû˲ŮҲݸߵֶͣǸԹŹ֣Ϊﻹ 
ֻ˼ʣԼƺ̫˿ˡ̼ЦӯӯĿӢʲôԸ 

㻭棬һ£û뵽ŹˡӢһ񣬰һæÿ 
ұǸѾߣӲؿ 
⻰˵ӢЩ˼ͷٺһЦŻ㿴 
ŶҲʲôʰ̼м 
˼Ҷ⣬ҽʲô 
ӢҲûʲôſźԣôûм 
ͷҲ̧̼ѣֱ֮ûм 
Ӣһڣ̼ôûʿż궬ҲҪȡůġ̼滭ͷһμﻹд⡣ 
Ȼ֪ǧʲôӡȥһ 



                      ɻ




ʦ֣ʲôԭǺүҲ 
үһϮ󻨳ﻹŰѾȣһҡģһӵܡ 
ѾӢǳ鴤һ£ܲ˴Ϊ 
มүһ壬ֿ˻кɻǳԺ⣬Ѱ˼ҿǼûмĪţѾ֣թһթ 
һЦүѾߡ 
ޣγ£תкɻôѾ͸үɣ 
ȻһЦλүľʷԡ 
ľϣĿˣƾԶֽҡò⡣ 
ӢƷ裬𵶵ģҲΪ䡣 
һʣһֶϺõУĴɫϲѣٶȱƽʱһֻ 
Ϊģߣġ;Ʒ裬Ҳ⡣֪ģ߾ˡ 
Ӣ⻭Ҳ档˵֮˼ʶ㣬ʱ軭Ҳ˭õֲϵͳִܹȻǸи֡ 
ҲǵⲻѣаЦ㵱Ҳǻιչġ 
Сƽȵ磬˿ִҷ緶ΧڻǰѾүͻļС㹫ʫƷһɺڵ 
ٹܼ**￴ľ档ΪԼˣ۾϶ѾߺλүͤУæСеıȥ 
үү 
ͬ˼Ѫһ**Ľл˶һ 
꼱æȥʣҴʲôˣ 
үȥɣү赹 
ѸٰӲ졣ָ㣡ҹȥֿӢͷʦȥһ¡ 
ת**· 
ǣү**ʩһ񣬾ʹ˴ҴҸֳ 
ĸ˻ûҵӣͼϴΧǰʲôӡ 
**ƿȺ˽롣 
ӣССġۡһ͵͵Ц۾ 
ԭҴү¹ֳǺҳӡ 
ԴӴƳʲôϰߡûеûеûϴ»ûˣ»ҪԶ֣ؼʲôᣬҪͷѧ𡣳ûʲôհߵƳ֪Ƴһëд֡Щִ˵ѶȺܸߵļѾ֮õġ˺ҳӺǻϲлزپҵҲƳı֮ 
Ҳûʱϲ̫ãͱүϽҡ 

Ҳ٣˼òƻƹܵΧòү3Ƶ֮⣬һԳ˼ѣҡͷС 
үˣһȺΧ˵״ 
ܽһ£ʵԭɫĴүڽϼһ꣬ҶΪүӲǽظүһɫ࣬ʱǰֱֱ»ԲҲ޲ߡ 
Ĵչȥɫڣӡ촽ϣȻһ࣡ 
ȥҲû˹û֮ˣӵӣŵɫףϽں󣬲ҿӡ 
ӢȥƤ˿˫˸ںһӡ 
Ҳˣ˽ʦ÷̽Ĳ顣Ĵչȥʣʦ֣ôǱʲô˾ 
ǺιһŻ쵤Ϣ¾ͺˡ 
һӻͳСƿοƿһʱ㣬˻̹˵á 
ȻֱĶźСƿð⡣ 
໨Ŷԭ໨ɣĶأǲǺֵǮ 
걻û飬Ծã벻ԣƿιҩ 
ҩүɫȥ࣬תΪơйƣ̧غ 



                   үʷ




үԺүԺӣȫû֮ûгСҲûֻ԰ĵŭţмһͤڻУͤԼһˣȶˣŴſӱߡ 
ûгɣûٴеӣֻǲԼͬɫһڵĳ˹ȥ 
ǰС˵ӾҪսһġСŲҲûһ룬ȴΪķſڿϷ 
ͼһȣͤӣץסͤ˵½һק˳ 
£ſòԭǸԼʮ**òӣ룬پһ˫ˮһۣ֮䣬з˿̱Ƶڵϣһӳó 
Ʒ಻һԱżԹ۵Ӣɵ̾һ 
ίĿӢ˳㻹˸ۡ 
Ӣһ죬ĵɻȥ 
һӺζǺʲôסڱǡ 
ۣ۹۲ǺͷĿģԵڼҶ˰ӡ 
ʲôƷֵ˽ǰ˼䣬ȡྫΥ棬ҵȷ֮⣬㣬֪Ӣϴʡ 
۹֪ۣվбۿ꣬۽ŵ磺˲۹ĽѾãһҹ¶ˮԵ۹ź 
ˣһƤ񣬽ָһȻʧԭصģƥˮëɫ׵ġ 
ŨܵĽëڴۣһߵı顣 
ʱ 
ӢҲһ˲Ӭı顣 
ͬУĹȥҲҪҿ㣡һδһΡ 
̾ʦֵܣĬ 
ǣϣҡҡβ͡ٻţԭر̤Ȼȥˡ 
øжҧжӯ 
·ĺӢԺݺݵĵһۡйȥүʱõķ䡣 
ʱѾŴΧʣ֪дʲô 
磡ݱʺ 
Żع΢ЦſŵܵܡҶ֪ˡ 
ոջûüȥ㣬¡ 
ɫ΢£öܼЦˡɫˣɫţһ£֪ǡǸ۹ۡ 
ɫԳҲԼҴ硣ϻˡ 
ǣ𡣡ʧ֮ɫֵԸѾϸչˣҲƳ˷䡣 
ú˺үο׺λֲȥ֪ͨڱչصĺүʱѽƻ衣ӢͻͤӣС˼̣þƼСһѰȻڲֻ࣬ǽʱӢظȳ緹ͱ**ߣ緹үǲ꣬ѾߵȻҲܳԷڴ˿Ѫǹͣθʹѡ 
ӢҲûù緹˺ݺݳԵӲˣųȾơ 
ƹѲĨĨ죬Ӣʦ֣ϴǻ̽׵ʱѾҼÿ˶˱а֮绹ǱԪƬǷˡ 
ϴαŶԼһƽܳ©İĪǡ 
ͬ 
ʲô 

ʣ꿴Ǹ۰Ͱ͵Ŀ˳ţҪԼҪ©ˮ򲻾Ͷ˶ 
˵Ȼע⵽ѾķӦֻⲻź˵ѾǸİ衣ԹԵ졣 
ôʦ֣ҹ˯ߡ 
źĵۣ벻Ǵ˵еǸ 
ţٶðǹ⡣ 
ðɣǽҹȥһ̽ 
ԭȥ˵еɶǹȻϨ𣬺ȴĶˣ޲ԼҲһȥ 
˵ȥȥͳɣһ̣ȡ彣 
áӢҲ 
ΪҪȥʧѡͺѰһʰӣ׼ʳ 
˭֪˳ͤӣڿյͣ 
ӢΪָڿлֵͼ 
һѹֲסģ꣬Ҳ˹ȥѰϰʱʱΪŹ֣ҲȥԹԵĳԷö࿴һۡ 
Ҳͤߵʮʱ䣬Ӣֹͣ˶ŹֵĻڿзɫâ˲ûһŵ״ 
ӢһЦ˸ƣһǰһ󣬽С 
˽ȴûʧָ˴ûӦûӦµӸЩɴ˽ȥٽһ㣬һ㡭ͻȻһɾ޴৵һ°ק˽ȥ 
ûüУžһʧˡ 
Ѱӷ̧ͷãȻĿĴûҵҡҡͷͷԷ 



                      ԭ




Ӣ⴩֮ȻǼ죬תۼһټͥԺ֮Уǻƻʱ֣ȴƻͨͬ磬԰ŵƽʣŨצϸһΧʲôף 
ҲȥЩ񻶵ڣϾ;١ 
ϣˡɡͬռ䣬໥Խ磬żЩԽ¼ֻҪӰ첻˾ƴµҲһֻ۱һֻۣȥᣬɸôͿʵˡЩӣЩǿֹⲻȥ˼Ը˵ģɵҲͬȥУҲҪмʵġ 
в֮Կôţһʵףͨ˼ҸۡԺӣʵ硣˼ĽӴΪڡ˵ˣ7Ǹϵ߽פأڸ֮ĽԱߣ߸סĸۡҲͳΪ 
ûɶ²ܳפ˼ܣҲǵ 
ᳵ·ƹǰԺȥ·߷вСϲ֣ЩڻϸͿ񻶣벻뿪صԲ񻶵ֱȥûˡ 
ҲҲûע⵽ΧסǸߵԲ̨Բ̨źĸɫʻӵ뻪ΣһŻľɫꡣĸݣīɫڷɢϣգĴ˸Ƿĺ촽³֣ġ 
Χǰֲ죬˫ģᴽ΢ལԸϢ˿̽Ц¶һĨֻţͣʾӴ󻶺ȣ̨ϵλˡ 
ƹڵȻ֪Ҫҵ;ȺİΧȦĽ¡ 
ȻæŻҲûһŵ˶ʱڰƾճ֣㵸ĵԲ̨֮Уǰ 
ŵ˲Ҫ 
ɻҽˤͷۻ𣬻׼˽۾һžռ졣ˣͲԼʮߡ꣬֬񣬷īĹֲͣһ˫ҹգüţǣᴽ΢顣߷ɹʧɫ 
Ȼûġ١⣬ҲĿţڿϷͷţִӽŵͷʵʲôƷֵ 
ǰȫûע⵽λáʶش𣺡ˡ 
ͷһμ 
ҲպͺˣԼЩͻˡ 
ЦĿǧڣӽܼĿΨ㲻ܣ˵㾿ʲô 
治СС˵ﶼ˵֮ģѵǴ˵֣ 
Ҳգǰλ֣ϸҪòסⱲӲĻռơ 
ƯĺĳǰǰλǸСֵܵܰɣ 
ش𣬻Լüһ壬īһɣʱϲ١ 
ѹսս¡ 
ˣһҲֻǵֲܰô̬ȣԲֱ۾ԼᶨǰСˡ 
ô磿ַ֮ˡ񡢷ɣЦŻ˸ơοɡ֮ôǱĳڱǰ 
ҡ 
޷ش𣬱ϾԼǴ˳糵ģҲû˼ͬ⣬ʧɢľҲԼȡ 
֮£עʼɢͿʼĴԼ½ص㡣ոǵͷͣûῴη֪Ӧǵ磬ֱɫԣҲѹûǺģʱһɨΧɫι״ʲôͷġʲôͷġʲôֻиͷûġʲôȿţ֮ʲô϶УС˹ֵӰͷؼʵĳСʵԳܣŵõһһš⡭⡭⡭û꣬һûãһŻ˹ȥ 
ɻҽ£ſһܴĻࡣ 
;ʵڲе㼵ʱ˵ô໰̸࣬۹ѵô໰ѵ˵ԼĲ߻ñĴãɵеһβҡҡ 
̨ϵꡪʵŵЦʧɨһ齩Ӳһڣ䵽ĺβϣʣͣѵǽЩ 

ɨŵɸ󻺻ȥ͵̨λ쭵ǰһܡ 
һ𣿡 
ͱǰ΢ͷ续˫Ʈ񡣡ǡǵġ 
ģ 
ǡ¡ 
Ҳ˵꣬һ֡ع 
ǣӦ£ְ˽ŵ̧Բ̨ 
ʹչȥקסһȣҪӻקȥ 
£ 
ʲôΪԼˣʵ²һֱ 
ֻҪղءʵһ͡ 
ڨڨȣ¡һӣ⻪ͬԲ̨ʡһʧ 
 
ߺꡢӢԽ̨ͤ¥ԽԽ٣˲ơ 
ʦ֣ôûԾ 
ǰҿɣ 
˲һ 



                      ԸӴ˲į




Լһ֮У⹬ҹ񷶥ɫƣıȴǸɫ񡢼ܡ䣬˸ɫƷٲȻǸûŵĿⷿ 
һ»ǰ飬ΧƵľȻֻ̣Ǵ˿̷ûôˣϾǸɫƬֲƬƻƬѬճ࣬ҲǺܿġοԴԽƳĵط֮ûʲôʵУһֱһܳξ 
Ҳûй˼ԼĴмͣͷۻʱ򣬱ʲôֻܿǰ治Զļϣиӵḷֻ̌һֻ˲ι 
¿˿ûţæȥ˲ιҧһڣҿû 
ǾȳԵͷ򼸸ǡѳԣ 
ȻѳԣȥǺܿԹˡ 
˲뵽Ŵ£˲ιɣںҲûԵˮ 
Ǹ˲ιѣҲͳˣֲʲôҪĶ 
Ǹǧ˲ιѣȻʲôҪĶһĵĲ 
ŵһɢתͷԭ˵֮ǰǻͲ󣬿С꣡ 
ʱ껻һɫӣ¶ɫڵīڷڼϣŷ״죬ɫˡŸӵĻСͯͯ㣬ʼ΢Цû飬ȴǴߣûĶ 
һһüë˱ıʲô 
üһ顣Сܵܣ㲻Եһ˲ιôôذɣͷҸ򼸸㡣ű伸ͻˮôǧ갡 
СܵܣбСܵܣ֣۾һɣҪ 
Сܵܽʲôû֡գգۡ 
󵨣СʱߵĽУ 
һ̧֣Сɲס죬ͷȥ 
Խбˡ 
ΪʲôЦĿꡣ 
ΪǱĳ 
һЦ𣿡ԽԽǰ档 
һɡ 
ı飬ûɶϵ 
Ҳ֪ʱ̫󣬻̫ûԷ洫ëѪǷˣͻȻͷһΣǰڣľҪȥʶҪסߵļӣȴʹǰȥŮ˵ԼҲ㣬ЦԼ 
Ůˣֻȴ³Ѿϣ£̧ɹҼϣȴſ֮࣬䣬΢΢ɨĶ䡣 
߻ҷ𣡡СԾ̨ʽȥ 
СվҲûпǧҲ澰ĵһ꣬˿ͨ죬Ŀ࣡ 
ðǵĴӽӲϻ棬ڵϾͲˡ 
꾯ѹ㡭ôʲôͲѣһ˦ӣ飡ʧˡ 
С˿ʧķֿڵϵֻҲ飡ʧˡ 
ڵϣʵҲǻԹȥֻСĴûаԽһֱӪټϼûʳµѪǹ͡ոͷεҪԷʧˣԸɴſڵϲˡ 
ƣˮһӣģ˯ˡ 
˯μԼɫůĹȪУһһıա 
 
˯ȥȫûʶ˵˶𺳡 
һʱ䣬ٶȳ֣ϺȥָСĵͷûдϲͷûзӦ־òԣæŵĲ̽ĺַųһ˿֪̽̽ûд󰭣ֻ˯ˡ 

걿׾ĸͷǰһƬģһȵҺεϡ̧֣ϸĿţȴƲסֵĲ᣺㣬ҡټį˰ɣ 
ĿռȻãתۼ䣬һķ䣺Բ񷶥˽ɫĻƣǶ˵ɫıڵҹ齻ӳ硣տķиԲεĴ󴲣ɴˣ̴ɫͷףòݻ 
꽫СķڴϣŪһϽʣְ˼֡ 
ƺǾˣϸС 
ϸϸϸĿԼһֻ̽ȥӶͷٵӣ°ʹͣסˡ 
ĺó󡣡 
࣬ס֪ʲôʱС֣¶Цݣ۾ 
ϣȻϢĳһ꣬Ϊ 
ʲô£ȻҲ۾һµů 
Ȼѹħ塣 
ȥ 
ǡ 
£۾תй⻪ȥŮ޵Ҫκˡ 
ǡ 
ȥɣ 
ǣȻʧ 
±۾˿ҵǧ޷Υ߻ҷΪҪįƫƫ㣬֪ʣ۽ᡣգҲлŵĸо 
ϸţʱŵȥ 



                      Ӵɫ




ˡ 
΢΢ſƤ᲻ſֱ۾Σѹһ˰죬Լ˵صǰ 
ܾû˯ôҲö 
ŷҲЩľ֪ү˼Щʲô»ɴвУȥաֻҪʱʹˡ 
öˣ۾ȴǲʵϸͷϵʣӻƵɫʵصգϸϸĿ˸飬껹˸ۣɫƸʮ㣬ã͸Ժܲ͸ȴܺãϰⱲ뵹յĸǸ²ƷҲûôá 
ŲôоĪоӪ£ϲԶĪˣе 
Ҳţתͷ˵֮ˡ 
µĲȻǸ˲ι꣬òƵλܸߵӡ 
˿̲ûкȤȻĿԼͷë΢˳ֱͦıȥĺ촽̡ڴߣԼۣͷɢڽϣؿ½΢΢¶ϸµǺ֬ļ 
ǲӦùһԼ⡪һǻûȫͬòǺΣյġ 
ϽԼ·ãûб⿪ 
ʱ·֪ƴƣðɣ֪ʷࣩԸܲ㣬Ϊϰ߹ŴķΣԼһ´ţû֪ôµġ 
Լûбֽţһ롣 
ô˵ˣѵҲˣ˵̧ϰĿ 
÷ͷװƸһĺòãȻҲǻġ 
ҲĽͣȥߵСܵܣӴһͷ˴оܸܲݻ˽ԼĴ 
Ȼãθʹ壬һǵһ㶼о棬о 
Ҳȥ꣬ԹӸ첲ŤŤλβӱıĸߣøо꣺СܵܣҴ 
ɻشϣµ˫͸¶Щãûˡ 
ǣСܵܣ߽ôܻȥ𣿡 
ΪʲôҪ㣿 
һ£ûʲôҪôȥ 
ǣȴܶʡ֮ǰС˵˵СҪ۵ġһĴԼСʲôô죿 
ðɣԼҳ·Ĵ߶Ѱҳ·һȦȴⷿȻûŴֻûͷ꣺Сܵܣﲻֻ÷ĵطɣ 
񷡣ʷ˵۾ĵĿȴӣݣô 
ڹĵĿɲôǰò׳λȥİ취ڴ˴ԽãԵΣվԽ 
ǰӸպŵ棬ʵ񷣬ǲǿҵ䰡ȻôǸҰҳˮ 
꽾ͷǧ˲ιֵñôô 
ǣ㲻ĻͰ˷ʳͻȥɣһȥ϶һ˲ι㣡 
ôȥ𣿡üͷһ壬ŭѹŵʶ˺󼸲 
񷿴Զڣһ뵽׵˶Ҫ뿪Լȴʹѡ 
㡭ɫƣȥ 
ͷԱߣ޺޵زȥˣ 
Ϊʲôزȥ 
Ϊ˶٣˵Ѿ˼䡣 
ţǸ񷣬Ҫͽ㿪Ц 

Цվͷ°͡ûк㿪ЦǱĳȥ͵ź򱾾 
ЩͻȻı̬ȣȻƺһֱûлݣһμʱǸ߸ϵӣԾʳڣ񷣬㾿˭ 
㲻֪˭Ǻã͸㣬ʮ֮ǰ׷ʾǱ 
ŶӦһͷһؼôϡ顪Ҳ˵ˡ 
ûŮ˽ܵĻͦġ 
һȥɣ 
ţ 
ͷһȥɣ 
ţ 
ΪʲôҪĳ 
ΪʲôҪȥ 
ȥҪűԵ 
ɨ壬˦°͡Цû⣬Ϊּ𣿡 
סԼ塣ҪʲôﰡҺܹģҪҪҪԲһͲӪҪȫҪƿҪ˯Ҫ㡭֮Ǻܲġô 
Ȼϯȡ񷣬Цѩһޣͬڰ׵ĻͻȻɫʣƬͻȻ˷ҷ 
Լصһ£صЩʹˡ 
꼸ΣһûʲôۣڶκСӣղżԼ࣬⣻ûžµһֱŵЦû뵽ɫ˶ǣ֪⶯ǵĵطüۣεĺ촽Ƿ죿 
ɫӴ仹Ķɫ𣿴Ӵ˶䣬Ķ 



                  ڰ ѵϡ




ԼȻ뷨ؿڣ 
Цˣüʣι!ôˣ 
ŷӦȻò˼ԼôҲǸ25ġŮɶûĸûYYôͱα̫Ե 
ðɣȻǸУ꣬ûʲôŲġ 
ҽСι͵Ƴ񷣬ʧˡ 
˸ָһԱָ߳ľԲ2µĵСաһ֣Լϡ㲻Ƕ𣿹ȳԵġ 
ƵĿôͻȻˣѵڵˣʶ˵˲Ҳûʲôµġ 
£õԡУ壬3¶ǣҲ߰˷ֱˡͳøɾֵ˱ȡ 
ſڣ˽Դ壬Ҫڲֿȵæ깫Ӵ˼ȥūġ˿ڲּŮϡУžȥ㱻֮ࡣ 
ңСͻȻ࣬һ 
˵ΰʱ£ҲǲСıһͨ࣬𽵹ķҪɣ 
ˣɴˣҲҲ 
Ҳ 
ɻĿΪʲôҪȥ˼䣿õʳסʵķ䣬ȥĵطֻҪű 
ŶΪʲôһҪȥ˼أȥǸСѾߣ첻𴲣ʲôҪԼ֣Ҫ̱ˣСţԼҪ 
ģԵõ˿ڲ衣 
ΪʲôҪôãĿΪ𣿡 
ԭʱˣ 
ɫһ죬ͷȥϲղϡĶѣҪΪϲŮˣ 
Ŀ 
ʲôϡģһѡ 
ࣿЦЦĿΪࣿ񡢷ɡˡǵУ磡 
ֻǲѣҲǸ࣡ 
ΪԼǸࣿĶԼ̫ûпܴԽʱռ䣡ȻܴԽͲ࣡ 
һ˵꣬а⡣޹鴦Ͳ˼˰ɣ 
ʹ˴ס۾Ųӣľż 
ָ˴ˣôô׾ͻˣðɣ͵ʳľˣĵŻһ 
ͻȻ͵ıץסϽչȥıӡ֪Ժδôһ֪ôģһ֪ôܻȥ 
񷱻һҲ֪ 
ݺݶһԺıͻȻɷʮ㡣֮ܰıӣζûŹģŮӲеζҲദõζ 
һ˽Ӵ˵ԳΣڵһġ˵ڶ׽һ޵ö࣬ǻǧҲɵԳϺϼȻıͷ۽͵͵ 
ʲôֱ˫ۣۺɷȴؽצӵСèҷ 
ûʲô롣񷲦֣ϰߵ˺һС˳û·׵ָһָ߳ΣȻǽ̾ͣʻװΡŽص˴ͳһ 
񷿿ȥգ̧ۿôҲ֪Ȼˣҵ˵ΪҶ 
Ϊô 
ƭˣҪؼңŭ 
ҡҡͷһ̧֣豭ԶɵУ˿ڲ衣ĹǣҪУӦҲһܷ磬ƽⱻƻǱ߿ǺѴġ޳ָҲָ㡪һĶûӻ㣬˼䣬ҲЩϲĶ㣬ʱɱǳԵôͲһˣ 
ôذɣ 
ĿŰǣǺȥǸûսû֣ƽûоϲҲûп־ʱûôЩĵĵӽĿĻֵᷢĿ֡ѳԻ滹еԡ 
ڵأǻһţ˫ֱϥϥϡ 

ιֻ˴ҲûʲôӦԹԵʧˡ 
һ䡣 
Ļ䣬ȻļҾ貵ҹ顣İһ񷣬ϻ鱦ͭͭϵӰķ䡣 
Ȼ 
ڣȻ֡ 
ҽأ 
һ͸Ļƾճ֣īͬһ㣬Զγ֡ȻŮ˽ĸ14ǰͻȻ˼䣬һʰãһǰѾߣʵǸүͨѾͷүھɽ泣겻ڣǰŻصû˵Ȼ̧ۿ񷣬޶ԣֲ¶ۼļȥǰĴ类ֻʦǰ棬䵽ϼǰԺ󡭡ϾͶ֪ˡ 
ȥ!ޱĻӻ֣žеҵģҵ˭Ҳ㣬Ҳ뿪ңҿԸõһУҿԴ˼ʮ˸ΪˣõĲѣסĵط㲻Ҫ뿪ҡ 
ȿȣȻִӰ 
񷣬ˬĵۡʲô£ 
Ȼð亹㱨ϣǸħŲסˣ 
أǸҹ 
ͷ񣬻ǡȻСĿ񷡣Ǳɵ񡣡 
üͷһ壬ͷ˼¡ȻѾһţҪߣ߻ҿˣ𻵰㣬⣡ 
ǣ 
ƮȻȥ 
Ȼ˿ȴûע⵽ӰӰ 
ӰһӣʱӰ֮׵Ȼںûвµ¡ 
Ӱ¶ڵƹ֮£ԭǸòƽƽӣһ಼ƺǸ˶Ҳƽˣȴſֲ֡ 
ƽҡҡͷž﷢૵̫ˣʵ̫ˣ㻹ʧɣ 
 
һף޵촽ǣϲϲҾղңô 



                  ھ  ͻı




һ޼ʵĻԭϣɫعѣľ߾ͷǻɳĲë֮ء伸ݲݲڽŵ·ȵ糾͵šӲ˫񣬻еֻ֪ǰߡ 
Զ⣬սĻƮȻɷǵ߲УԭǺӢ 
˵ûҵͣƲѣҲֻһȥգүѾָʶнʳ߶״̬õ˼ûɶ׼ȥɽˮ˭֪ѰŻŵĸ֪Ѿʧ٣ǰȥûӰˡһĥ֪Լ£϶ǰͨҲ硣 
֮˲ɱҲʲôţ˼֮䲢磬Ѻ޹ϵͨΥ˾ĵŹ棬ϼ 
û취ֻ÷ѰңͻûϢ֮ͨС˵Ӱûм˵ϴǹݷʽ٣Ⱥͬصʱ룬Դߣ֪ӵȥˣҪȥ֮ԭ 
ߵľأУӽ˼Ŀռ䡣 
Ȼһ޼ʣݶûмĻԭϣƶһֻ 
һ˿ǰסľȻߵҲû˳ӵվסֱǰվǰĺɲΪעӵԼǰƺ硣 
ǰӻ֣ûзӦϽָͳһ˳ѸһȦûвʲô󰭡 
ͷӢҲʼ磬޿κΡ 
ȥаɣͬһۣԷҲû飬ֻ̧Խţһһֱֻۣص˼䡣 
ҽݣƽǣ˵׫ʢҽݣ׵ϵĴеҽһˡ˳ƣҽ 
ͱ˴ 
аĿźӣһʱ 
б۵ڵصĺӺôû˯ȥӢĿһ죬ſ۾ 
ʱҲſ۾ջַŽ˵Ůʧ֢֮Źȵ¡ 
һͨ˵磬ͻȻô֣һ׼ûУʧ͹ˣ 
긹̹кʵУôκã 
ʧ֢֮亱ж˹룬һڷŻȥϷһʧѾ֮ʩ֮ɡ 
˿˹֡Ǿʩΰɡ԰գӻ30ӷŵϡ 
вɫһֻۣǡ 
һỹҪɣ 
ֻϷһη̣ϷУǵһʩá 
ᡭ˼Ҳûаκðɣ 
ҽֱ׳ĵͷ˵˾ǷԵ˲ɳ֮ŮԵҲ 
Ӣһۣ˸ͬ飬ĬʮתͷˡСʴھĸǺ 
ҽңʣ֮СǸ̤ƶʤѩʵǷҲ 
ٴӢһۣͳ50ӷϡ˼ҳȡ 
ұ֮£վӷѾ߷ҡ 
˵棬ĵꡣһ̲ܰȥӢҪ飬ͻȻͣ£ʵʦ֣ʦ֪ǲСĽͨ˴γͷǣ 
ⲻ˵ġ 

ſϣ̾˿ 
ʦ֣Ѿ߾Ȳˣʦôͷǣ 
Ӣ˼¡ӦǲǣȻȴʦͽɣ 
һҪٶȲ²Լ³ҴһŮӵļУ 
һȻң 
һ**ţȻڵͷϲ룬˫ֻؿɪڵϡԭŵζƷڵأͷ͵ķڲԶĵϣһء 
ôȥ 
ںůĻУͷҿˣָҽң 
ľˡϻ֮ȻҪˡ 
ӢУд˰죬һַһָϷոʩ뵽һ룬ѹһƿϷϷ򡭡ϷһϹͷʵڿסڡд˿ﺰ㣬ǿ׳ӿԷˡ 
̾˿̾ĴȵϸŹѸ 
£εͷϲŵ룬£ֵ˱š 
Ų豭Сĺһڡƺƽ١ſʼܣľ浽ոհ˰εӹµİ裬ٴæʰС˵οеӢղУƹֻص߶˲赹ˮĺү 
ɵɵ˾䣺ʣ˭ 
һתͷУвΡΡ߹Ҫһ㣬ڽ䣬ֻ߬ؿڣİͷ 
㲻ᡭʧ˰ɣӢʳ˴ҵ 



                  ʮ ǳѪľ




ʧ䣡ùѪľ飡 
Լ뷨סˣȻͿʼ빷ѪľʲôʲôûֻýЦǵġ 
ĸľȻ 
ʧô£ﶼʧ֢ټʧ֢ȴټ 
һʱ䣬û˿صӣҶˣλܸзꣿ 
ʲôʡ 
ǳԷĵطÿ׳յ 
Ӣһۣͷȥʳɣ 
ʲôз𣿡 
С 
ܸ𣿡 
Ǵȥɡ 
ллˡ 
ˡ 
Ӹָ˲ǣӢСķŵǰʳһ·ΣǶʲôܺ棬޲ʲôҪһһЩصմߺŮϲ֬ˮ֮ȴ˿ȤûС 
ʳҽݲԶܿ͵ˡӢᳵ·Ѱ˸λ˹ȥ㶵ĿҲ¡ 
ôˣ㲻Ƕˣʡ 
ָָǡҪڵϣ 
ȻЦЦϰѾߵɣ첻ź򡣡 
׾ѧ¡ΪʲôҪź򣿡 
ȻЦЦˣ㱾ҵѾߡ 
ѾߣЦⶼʲôˣѾߣЦԼҲɻԹԷ 
ӢӣεҡҡͷйƵ˳ʳ 
ͷҲ˵ 
Сĵʡ㡭ܲ㡭ǰ£ 
ûУʲôûУ̧ۡ˭ΪʲôôãΪʲôܾϤѵҪң˵ţʼˡ 
ͷղ˵ˣ㱾ҵѾߡ 
ǡأָָӢ 
ӢԹۡ 
Ҵʦ֡ 
ǡΪʲôŽ𣿿۾Ͳûðˡ 
Ȼģ£ݵĿһ㣡 
Ŀֱ㷹͢ȫһ飬ճĳʶѾ˽⡣ղδɽʱ򣬴Ҷæӱûʲô˼£ûԼô٩ġԱһֱԹ۵Ӣࡣ 
˻ص껽£˺û˵ʲôֻİ룬ѾͷֶΣָʧ֮ʾͰѶүպҪСĴԲǡ 
³ȥĴתƵתغǰһЦʵүôʧģ 
ôʧģ 
ӢĿ˶ô֮ûмʱջطºѾҲһͬͷؼôֵŹȵʧ֢ӵ֮ԭκúʧˡ 
ڶҲͻ㣬ⲻࡣ 
ʵӢ羫ӢҲ֪ҲǣǱΪѵһţӢҲʮأǶ̶ʮĵС 
˶ɵϣû֪ļǱġⲻҪҪúһúүָһѾβ˺ģڣ϶è壬ŻԼôʧġ 
Ȼһûʲôۣ֧֧ĸ˲Сİ磬㾪Źʧ䡣 
Ӣ⣬һ²ؼ߸߹ģ 
ûʲôӦ΢ЦſźꡣأʲôݣѾ֮⡣ 
û!ûˣе顣ȻԼȷʵҲǲ֪ʲôݡ 
˼ʱ䣬ȥֻѾߣôԵ޹ʵıǴأ 
ʩʱСģջطʱԣ͵ȥˡ 
Ŷź۾ôүʲôأ 
ǰûûεĻش𡣡ҼңҺʹʦĵҡ 

ʲô 
ͷҾɽɵˣ 
𣿡汦ѻߡ 
Լ½һ顣Ǹǲһ˵ġ֮ͥƹһУе޳ߣҲͥ硣ʦ˵ҺʹʦҲһõɡ 
Ҫã 
֪ʲô 
ǺٺһЦɫһ˵үƣΪһͨ˵֪Ҵ磡ɥʧ䡭˵ţսϵĺ꣬˫ֱӶԷ˫ֱۣöԷ˫շ졣˵Ҫô𣿡 
ûߵŮеӣֻñͷһԼᱡӡ 
ӢٿһϾȻҲֿɵĺΡ 
ʱҲԼˣѸֱӣͷԼΡ 
ʱĹԼСС˿ڲ衣ˣȢ޵ġ 
Ȣ޹ʲô£ 
Ǹ¡ 
ŶԭүΪԼҪ޸ 
¶Ȼı飬ȻᣬҲûҪߡվֱӣ̹ȻֱӺꡣ 
ôүСŮʱûг׵Ĵ㡣ҲûĴ㡣˶١Ҫҷݹ׼סҪڳ̲̫ۣ¶סҪ̺ܽжСԺˮͳҾȫһ˵ô໰ô 
˱סˡ 
ӢķӦǣŮӿܾҪˡ 
ķӦǣѾͷʶûӦòء 
أɨӽӲˡ 
죺ҴŰɣ 
Ұʲô£һӵ 
˵ܲٲܲپ͵ 



                  ʮһ Ҳǹнһ




ǺĴ磬ү 
еҡӣһεĺүֵʱȻڳ˵Ȼү󲡳ɫƣеʵϧ껹ǹȥԼĴ£Ѱ衣 
˿ڲ裬ſڣոҪҰʲô£ 
ǰһ顣 
Ҳ˽⡣һЩ͵͸ˣһȥˣǲá 
һ΢΢һЦ޷СŮѾûм䣬»ûȫǣȻ˵ȾأѾܵõŮӵҸֻһ֮أŮװҲԡүൣˡ 
˵꣬θ˵ҲӺֱҵˡļҲᾡѰңҲָܾļ䡣 
Եͷ 
ɣ⡭ãԼȻʦֵʧ䣬ΪҪҸԼķӺ͹ǳǾ޷ܵġֱΪǱҲİˡҪԼĿ˾ɣס顣 
ҲӦúúÿ¡ãǾ鷳үˡѧѰĶʩ˸ 
үѰȥϢ 
һǰһѰһ·ߣһĴֱǵһ԰ӵı֣ȻúҲĴܣֱͷԹˡ 
ѰˣϷڴϣֹסˣţס죬ŬԼһǻί˵̵Ľˮ޲ûһȫķй 
 
޵û찵أǱߺֵܺӢ˻Ʒ 
ŮӸոջָ־ʱķӦѰŮһ޴룬ִСһԹ̬ȵӢߺ󿪿ڡ 
ǣ 
Ůһ÷ʱ׳֡ 
ûҲǺϡ 
ǵһμͶʹúĻ滭 
ǣ 
źˣ 
ǣ 
Ůĸߣ毺ãϸ£һһľߴҷ緶ͲССŮ 
ûͷ޳ɡ 
Ӣ½ۣŮӣѰŮӡ 
ǣͷҵҲΪС㡣 
û˭СʧҲûյĹԱҡʮֿ϶Ĳ䡣Ůӣ򵥡ôĸ 
ʾ֪ 
㡪е 
Ҳûһֱڲ࣬Ͳܽȥз 
ĬĬԼĴ磬ʱ 
δ䣬һźӰϸ۴죬Ʒϡ衣ǹܼҷ㡣 
굱ʱȲ裬һһڲȫ˳ȥ 
Ӣһ㣬û絽ϡ 
ҵĶүôջôͳǰɾ˳ֻ׳ؼ 
ֹŮ֣뻹浽ֲôǰԺȥҲˣһֱûʵ 
㣡ʲôʱĶү԰Ӱ͵ûܵܵ 
ү˸۶ȥϸģū澿ɾүͲСûȢףɵү԰Ŷүٸ֡˵ۺĿꡣүͻȻĪս 
ȡүҪأʱס 

ʲôģӢʡ 
Ǻ˵ˣ¿ġ 
ʲôطģ 
û˵Ҳ˵塣 
ˣȥУѾй°յˣԺǺĿˣҪˡ 
ǣūȥ죡㸣˸תĳȥˡ 
ͷŮӵûжףȢɣ˿ڲ裬ҲꡣӢͷͬ⡣ 
һʱûȣЩϵæҵã˵Ů˵ʮˣôܻû޳ȥ 
Ҳǹ˫ʮ͡ӢҲȰж 
澫ӢҪȢһͨŮӣ˵ֲһǵĻʦֵķأСĵӢ 
ӢϷΡʦҾ޶޷ģǡδҲ̫Ůˡ 
濼ǹ 
ǡڵɣ긧顣 
Ȼģ˵ȥҲδ˼ҿࡣҲֵܶһģһһѰˣ 
ԼҲϣŮװҸϷ˿ͳˡһģˡ 
ҲӢ졣ɽϣʦԭίҲʦа취ҽʧ֢ 
һʦ𲻻ıǰɣҪİ취 
ӢƳһۡʲôʦİɣ԰գطȥˡ 
꿴Լ磬ͷȥԸѾߣط 
갧ţⱲҲҪŮ˳ף 



                  ʮ ƵС




ææµµӹǺܿ죬תۼ¹ȥӢѷʦţѾϰÿڳԼСԺ֮䣬үִͽչˣ£סһСԺӣƽʱͷ˴ţкſ롣үıǳãò仯ĲȴǸòŮȺЩȻҲǳΪ꣡ 
̵ĺƹ˺үԸ˸˲赹ˮɹȳʪⱱÿջ䤱跹˼޲ÿʱÿ̶ſϡǽϡڴϣ̯ڵϡƹÿÿˣҪ͹İֺ߶䣬ǱšСǴүСġһƳ޲ƣεֺ 
пʵһ󴸣ҵе˽⣬үչ˳ںүʧ¼ھھָһӣҸʶĲˣʵ25һ㶼ˡίûʲôʵԵ˺Ҳˡ 
ͣвӵĶõʱô빤ҲҲΪᣬȥġ硱Ĺ¶УԼ磬أĻΪʲôŮʵΪʲôܾӦƽȵģΪʲô¹򣿶ʳϡζ²ϰߣ̰ԡ 
ϰϲ裡 
׿˼ܾ񣬻ڵЦֵߵߵ˲裬ں̣ȥ 
ϰǳǶ¥ϰ壬˸󣬱м䲻߳һͷͬǱˣԸչ˵ҾʵѶʮңȴǹ¼ҹһδȢޡдϰ岻ϲŮɫа⴫ԻûдС 
ϰ壬ôʱЦӯӯĸϰϲ裬ֶÿõĿ飬ñְ 
ϰͷһ΢΢ɫûʲô񰡣 
̫ˡЦЦתƻ⣬½ϺõӣϰҪҪС 
һֱûֵƹĺƹҲ֪ð֧ʹȥµӣȻϰͷЦϰ壬½ָй⻬ˮͷСĽб30ҾĲ÷ʦָ·ģǺǵķδȥ϶Σһ˲ţ 
ڴȡϲĲϵ͵͵ı¡ƹÿ̨ʶһϰȻҲܣ 
µĲ϶㣬ڴľϣȡǺܷЩѾϰСС⣬Ҳǿ׳١ 
Ϸ̨ϣϰϸĿ˿죬ƹ񣺡ƹҪһƥ͵УҹҪˡ 
һ⻰ƹ񱾾Ͳ۾Цгһ죬˫ֿٴšǲ֪ϰǸֻƱ 
ճ̫ûӣҰѲ͹ȥʱǮء˵ţβ 
ƹתתߵͷЦͬ⣬תͷУ 
СڣװģĹš 
ղϰķԸҲ˰ɣ 
СˡЦŻشķǵˡ 
Ǿ͸ϰȥɣ 
ǣƹġ 
òƥϰ²룬ǳšϰ˺ܿʧȺС 
ƹźЦſԶСŲӣһӡ 
ӺһСˣüĿ㣬СȴֽʰòߣƹǸ˵ӣչȥƹģôôˣʲô𣿡 
ԺҪٸ˺ˡ 

ƹ⻰ô˵ 
һۡͷټͲۺˡ 
ȵĵȥͻϰֲȥ͸ϰˣ 
УмĿۺֻ֪һ֪ϰÿ޲ðӶճϣһȥٻϰүҪ˻С飡дϰɫˡ 
ɫס˼ϰ⡭ȥ 
ٺһЦ翴˳ˣⲻ֪ðҰСӣһүͷԸҪƴǮҪҪ١ޣ¸ⲻĳСôţʮĺأ 
ҲķӦƹŲƻ˺Ժ 
ԭصĺЦүԸչŵأôչ˰ҡҡͷүȥˡ 
 
Ϸ 
=үʲô 
ƹ= 
 



                  ʮ ԰ʽŸ




ƹôǲ֪ģֻ֪û뿪СһȦҲ̫ܲôĻ 
ϰ徶ǰ棬ںһ·ĶͰ̯ӵλãŻʱٹ䡣ƽʱ̫õļ췢ӳٷ֮۵ЧãɼŮ˶ڹ¶ôӡ 
ŸԶ˺ܿ쵽ϰĸϡ 
ŸռĴ󣬲ѾС˵Ӱȴྻ롣вþɣȴտֲҲΪɫֲ׺ĻٵĿСŵ·ȵȶֱֱȥƣȫȻǱ԰ֵķհᵽϵ 
԰֣ͻȻͣ½ŲãȻĿ·һСء 
Сռز󣬳ˮ峺渡ŵ˯ر߿ƺ·ҶʯͷȴΧľȻһ壬ʵС 
вϸεƬΡ 
죬е䣬ڴŰTͶ̿㡭Գʽİãú԰ڱ𣿡϶ 
ú԰ϰŲͣ£ֻҲͣ£תȴ봹ۣңﻹ߶ʲôﱧŵĲƥһӻﻬ 
ϰ߹ȥӹеĲƥȻȫûвһֱԼǰ۾ûн࣬˭Ҳ֪ĲֻڣδδʶѿԽǧꡣ 
־ûгܳʱ䣬ܿ;ѹϰڿ˲Żһĺ졣 
ôˣϰĵʡ 
˹ȥ顣̧ͷЦѩδˣˮвһ˿ȻȾϼˡ 
ϰ岻ôˣ죬ͰͲ֪˵ʲôΪá 
ߵĵͷвƥܵϰУЦϰ壬СıŲƥСԼɡ˵˳ֽӹƥ 
ϰȻȣѲƥѾ߰ɡ 
йѾߣӰûкòá 
û²꣬ԱһŮĵĲүѲƥū澡 
ŵ亹ֱðӲתͷһӵԲѾ߲֪ʲôʱߣɾޱ顣 
͡ƥԲѾߣĿԲѾƮߡ 
ϰٿһ£飺ǰǰãȥȱɡ 
ϰˣƹĻСĻȥ 
һʱϲȥӡ˵žǰ·ǰȥˡ 
Ҳ˵ʲôֻõͷȥˡ 
ϰһǰţһ߳ת·̲סͷ͵͵жոյķӦںĵţϻղ֣ԼȥƬΣҲûע⵽ϰ̬ 
˸£ǰʱˮѾãԲѾ߲֪ʲôʱϰֱ࣬ϰԸȥӡ 
ĵ˿ڲ裬ϰ忪ڡ 
ʵϰвҲֻ֪һֱװ֪ѣϾһӵСкүıӻȴҲʲôɫܴܳκ˵ߵĽȲҲԸֻƽĹӡϰŸҪȡжźšϰ忪ڡ 
뿪ǰ˸䣬⣻ֻϰ忪ڣ˼Һǡ 
ϰ忴˵ʲôһ˫۾̹ȻֱʲôҲ˵ˣֵͷȲ衣 
ȣˬȲʼ֪ģſڱ˯ˡ 
ʢģ裬ޣСķȡ 
һһ 
ʲô֣ 
 
ˣ 
25 
ʵ͡ 
25ꡣҶ߱23ġǶ17ꡣ 
ˡ 
ꡣ 
ͺסһ𣿡 
ǰɡסһԺ档 
Ƕʲô 
£ 
ָʲô 
ģ۵ġС 
ȣü˵Щˡ 
ûôɣ 
үÿ춼ڸʲô 
˵һֱڱչǴ˵ÿ춼зฺͬǺǺǺǡ 
ҵ˭ܣ 
ȻǺֲ࣬յ֮ģֲҪ̫ࡣ 
϶Ҳ⣿ 
Ȼھ˼δҪɵģȻ¡ 
೤ʱһΡ 

˵һΰɡ 
ŮҲ𣿡 
˵үйְȻЩˡ 
ǶûһΣ 
Ѿ˵ǰһΣҲû 
ҵĽ 
Ҳ֪Ǻڹܡ 
ζԻԼſϡ 
á 
 
ܾû˯ôˡ 
ſû˫ۡˣϰøȥˡվŤŤӶ첲Ȼһ㶼ӲôûѾȡӣͻȻĵŮү˯ˣ 
һ÷һڣ˲ڳ3࣬סߵӣŷǸԲѾߣʲô֮ԼҲΣ˼Цͷſӣվˡ 
ԲѾãȻޱ飬µӣͺŵΪĵҼүȳȥˣ߽Ұӽи 
ǸţлɵЦŵ˵࣬ȷĿûҾȸˡΪתͳȥˡ 
ԲѾޱĿԶȥתϡ 
ʱϰԲѾһ֣μʹ 
ԲѾһ̧֣ʾ񡣡Ƽ˲ʵĶ˳⼸´̽Ϣˡ 
¸ġ 
ίɱȥЩ̽ϢС£ʱҲ⡣ 
²ҡ 
ֻǴ˴ж뱣ܣ˱ҲŲġ 
֪ 
˴¼ˣ͡ 
лʹ 
¾ͿˡҪڴȥɣ 
һʹʧϰϲڼһȭתȥˡ 
ԲѾĿϰţ΢΢һЦޱһ仨һȻ 



                  ʮ 




ѵƹĺҲ˺ȥѰĵƽµһۿɫ磬ѽƻ衣ҴҽһˣԭǺ 
ţʲôҲû˵һԷŵĲཹֱһڹȥ붼ʡˡ 
⣬Ҳû˸æʵأ 
²˿үϰҵ˵Ѿͻˡô𣿡 
ɫˢİˡһֱ￴ţû! 
ܵúҲʱˡѵĳ£ѾӦ˵ܵչŮӣοǵܵܺ˼ʧ˼䣬ļ˻ûҵĳʲô£ܵܺļ˽ǣ 
⣺ȥҰɣ 
ǾͿȥȥӻ֣æȥѰˡ 
ʧڸʲôأ 
ŵˮڹֵ·ˡ 
ʵڳ4Ĵʦӹ˵ʱͷԼ·ˣ˿ܺóԵˮ¡ͣͣʳҲҪԱʱɫ 
Сϰҹ飬Ҳʶɫ⣬ֱû·ֶʱŷԼҲźλˡƽ˵СС˵ʵҲСڳô·أ¶ȴҲòѰֵǣŵ 
տʼȺûʲôβţɫϡٵĽβĶ¶ˡ 
͵һͷ͵͵ֻëɫػңβ͵ĸߴ󹷹òƱһԻȹݺݵĵһ£šʿ桱˹ȥҪ 
С켣ھӸɫﹷмŮȫûҰֶԵӰ֮˵ǺΣյĶûƥȮĹʵǣ 
Ǽצ˹ȻûʾӺŵö㿪ˣ 
һûУ˹ȥһҪɰļƥ亹ѡһһǶ˿󺰡ϮǣϮ 
紵һҶ֦ʱƺˡ 
㣬ǲǣţԴƽֵĳĬͷССıȥЩ㡣 
ɰμϺߵı鿴ҲǰԵĶǸôʵСŲȥɫĲҪ 
ˣȫǷ̬ȡ 
Щѹȴ֪ʱǲܿġҽ𣿡 
ǵ񽥽ٶӵĿңң㡣 
ҸǽҸֲʶ! 
㣬ǲǣţź 
ź˭ 
㣬ϰ塣ǶһſŵǣƴŲÿˮ© 
ŶϰźֺܺҲ⹷ǣһӣ͹İͷŽУȻ죬ָ˱˱ 
޵ıУȴеֻ 
ž޴ֻȻᶨƵļ˵ĶԻţź㣬Σκ£㶼ãҪ 
Ϊʲô 
ǣˡ 

Ϊ˸һҴмŪ·ʱ;òˣڿ⹷Ĺ 
ңҲᣬ˺㣬ġ 
һȥԲˣ˸á 
ңʱܡ 
Ϊʲô 
ź㣬ϣ£ˣ 
Ϻף 
ͻȻԼͷҲˣҲˣҲʧˣʱɫҰֽ 
ǼˣԭĿҲе񣺡㣬ôˣ 
ʲôίĿǣԩ޳Ҳʲô˵ţỹˡΪʲôҵ鷳Īʧ䣬Ϊʲôôùһһƨڵϣһ֧壬һסѹſס治סᣬʹһִӻ汻˳չˣȴ޿ĴУŬӦȴ޷Ĺ¶СеίѹһԵı˳ˮһڣ˳°ͣεϡ 
нŤģֱˡ 
Լǰֻ۰ͰͿԼĶҲûֻţͷȥڣе࣬еɬе̣Ҳе㵭㣬ƢꡣǾԼͬɫŨĹâתۼջǵڣǵȴŹ״ϱ仯ţζηǸڵϵʮ꣺īɫסӣ¶ϸ֫ķɫ̧ͷһɰ٣Ưĺͫʣ촽΢ţԸìֽ֯ϡ 
ת˸ӳŴΡ 
ҲԼı仯̧֣֣첲ȣŤŤӻ֫Ŀȥ 
Ŀ̽Ŵ£ûȻԼ첲򿪻ĵӵסȡůҲʶĴչ໥ԷƤůʱƺҲͣˡ 
 
¸ˣԲˡϹ 



                  ʮ 




ʱ䲻ͣͣǿҵĹҫѣӵʱŷԭµһ쿪ʼˡȻÿ糿Ĺʼ˯£׼¡ϴᷢϹ˯°˯£һһһ˯ôô 
ĶͻȻסɨܣ죬ƣ̫ݵأꡪΪʲôꣿǹӵģ 
ļ֪ĻصУһº쵽˶ 
ֻ𣿹أ 
ҿҲĹת۾ͷ¶Өīͫ¸ǶĿ벻ߡһ˫۾ĿԹС 
оԼĺݺһ£ԼûʲôҲԼǲʲô¡ 
㡭ԼշδŮĹ塣 
ӵ͸ķɫӳ¸Ϊҫۡ΢ЦţϢྻȻľ顣߹ͣǰ档Źӣлл㡣 
лҸ߶ϣ˭ôֵֻˣ 
⻰˲ˮίĿңҲǣǹǣ 
㡭㡭۾ɵԲԲſڽࡣתһ룬˼֣ʲôԣСǸˡ 
ңұУ޷ɣˡ㣬ۣţŻˡ 
ţҵͻˣѵɮɮ˭ 
ûԼļ䣬˫һţҪһ㣬æѸղһ·ִȥûѵ̫ס 
ϲԼӵǹԹԵվһԡ 
Ū˰ɣǸͨˣôܰ㣿 
ԡûģϣ飬ҩģζ㣬ңˣԺңԸ̺㡣 
ҿ㡣ûⲻ׵µ棬ֻתƻ⡣ϰʲô 
ꡪ޹۾ңҲ֪ 
ССıǣ˵ô֪ͣ⼸־Ͳˡ 
й󣬱˵ָ£Ǹգʼôܽ⡣ 
ͻȻң˷ô֪ܲʲôСɫʵ 
ңίСһ˫ɣʵںݲʣֻ÷ 
߽㣬ϰʲôϵΪʲô˵ϰ岻⣿˵˷ 
ңϴǣǣߣģΪŽУңң˵˵ס 
ʵܲ˵ϧ񣬴𣺡ܲܲİͣ 
ŵǱ۾źǺҵΪүĲһ״浽ֱҰҲײϵڣ 
˵λܴٶȺܿ죬ôƽʱͽأ 
ʱסˣӲͬ񣬰Щĺ壬˿ԭˡһΪжı˰Ǻйأ£಻סģʵϰ徿ʲôı 
źָʹҴĺҵĲƲ 
ôϸڵĶ˽⣬ô֪ܲϵķʲô˵һϸ۵ա㲻˵Ƿôʱˣ 
ҡҡɵֿʼᡣ 
Ӳĳ֣ͼüԣƱʡʮĿҧס촽ǲ˵ϾȻӳ糺졣 
֪찡ǵ飬һֻǵһʹ󡣡˽԰޹ҹյĽҰͻ֮Ĺϵң֮ҾܵʱַңҵữռıˣȻ²¼ȫҡΪѾ㹻ҸߺүίͥͶˡ 
۾ƺ˺ܴľģȻ۾𴦣ܿƵĿ⣬СеģȷȷУ˵ģһ֡ǣУͣŴүᣬ룬ͣ㣬ǸȻȻţŴүᣬᱻ棬Ԫ 
ţʲôҩ 
ܽ´ǿеõϢǣϰҪõҵĲƲǸԼ˴ҩһķԼɱЩǵõЩϢӦ۵ǣͽԼı 
ǿ˼ҲȥţվһԺš 
ǱϰСǿѧһֱǴӵСͨûл޳û뵽˴жԵɺ֮ȡеֱʡм޳ȶ˵̶֮ʱദѾǲ߱뷨 
ͨ¼ǰ˫ֲ״бǣȻ֪¼ĻҲ֪νȥⷨͽİ취ɣ 

ֺͷǣͣˣǣǸ߲Ŵүûû취 
ŶüͷЩ⡣˵ûκιϵҲǳչ˵ĿסҲ֪ͨһµͻȻȥ˵ȥǻȥһµĻֱȻ֡ 
޷¾һֱ۰Ͱ͵Ŀһʵܲܰ£ 
һʲôΪϵɽ»ǣ 
ĳﻹͦŶ󣿡ڴ꣬ʵǮ𣿡 
еˣûûǮ 
Ŷʧı졣ȻѾܻغˣûǮպô죿ЩڣҲҪġ 
Ŀ˸£ȥȥҼңɣҼң룬Զ 
Լס𣿻鷳ɣŷԼҲкµķصСȼĹʵǰѡμ治2С 
ңֻУңһ鷳 
ǾͺãСҲƭԼ 
⣬ðɣ·ɡѵͲܴʲô𣿡 
ΪΪʲôҪ㣬ʲôת· 
ѾΪˣ˶Ǵ·ģ㲻Ͳˡ 
ǣңҲҲ£· 
Щеûģһ·оôѲݺҶɸΧȹܿ͵˴Сɽ¡˴Ұأ̺ͬ˺޲ϹȥŹ񫡣һɽȪ峺ףżСιȻԵáһéݣЩͷȴɸɾ 
ָéݣ㣬ļҾ⣿ 
꿪ĵĵͷ·Ҷ֯͵Χȹһġ 
⡭ס𣿡 
˺סĺܿİֵߵܹȥһͷéݱһƹѵСƶüǿæ˰ת˸ͷ̽⡣ 
ɻɣǲǹ𣿡 



                  ʮ ӵȥ




үпɰã 
ȥϰͻ;ͻˣڻؼңͲˡյĻһżͻأա 
λء 
үܵܲСİ˼ҹ磬¹ʧˡܵܰѹиչˣĵȴʧˣʧٺȻ˷ſڣ˵ҵ˼ȻˡȻӵǷֺδ٣Һôܸõһɣ 
Ҳˣүһӣһ˦ȥӭ¥йȥˡ 
Ǹ鷳ļһѰһҹһ˸Ƿȥˡ 
 
˸磬ӣɨ 
˵Сɾȴ˺һ㣬Ʒȫȫһ˷ݣԭסֻһˣҲǱ֮ΪˡǸˡµȵȫǾϸϳˣȻãƲ£ӦǷǸҲǸȼСݰɣ 
Ҳǰһ¶Ұ⣬ֻ˺˿ûɶʵüֵʣвһ¡¶ԭò¾ͬʱ䱻ֹͣһ㣬ոµ 
ݺиķϺܾõС԰ֲ˵ҲߣѰ˼ȥɽҵҰԡҪȥмˣǻͬżһ󻹸ң޷ģԼûȫ 
ɨˣ̯֫ڲݴЪϢ׼Ⱥݺ̫ԡȥʲô취׬ǮʱֵߵߵСŻˡ 
ҲԼĶûаŮ緶ΪſԱߣŪ档 
ˣ 
ǣˡ 
͵𣿡 
ۣңˣãţ 
ˡ 
ҲûûԶһҲ࣬ˡ 
Ժɡ 
ǣǣôУ 
㲻Ҿˡ 
ǣǺã硣 
бһۣͣƺͱҴɣ 
ɪһ£ǣŶǣǣ˵ţϷΡ 
 
 
ܶǳ 
ȥȥԡ 
˫ֿĿꡣð̫ԣʡʳ 
ѵ˿ˮһ֡ٶ֮죬ΪǲǻԼҪԵ伢 
ʼ磬תڣ䣬Ҳ֪ܲãؼǡôð 
2ֻӻʱϦ£ƻʱ̴֣ﴶպ˹ļǰĻصƺֻҪܹȥţ˾ͻ䷭߳ɫȻͷ 
ˣͲסȸԾ飬ڡ 
ݣȻӯŻã֮ŷǺ˵Ị̇ѾӰͷɢıУ 
˲ֱɿӣΪܽһԭѿֱ֦һţּ¯ʧ޲ͨ޷ȫ˳̴ų󲿷̶ֵŵˣ 
һϢ˪˲䶳ס̨ȥ˴ţ˰ķŰɢ 
ţͼ̱ڵϣͷɢң׾ϰһ飬һ飬ճźڻҡίֵĿе黹Ǹ⡣ֻҲ˳ⶪڵϡ 
Ϩ𣿡Сʵ 
Ϩˡ 

ɢ𣿡 
ɢɢˡ 
ԣԲŶ˵ķӸ̣ˡͷקСݣǸ 
ˡգգ۾ð˿Ļһġ 
ɫһף˵˲ֲܿɣ 
ͷһľͻ𣬰һոɾȻؽ 
սҲؽ 
Сĵʣ㣬ʲôʱ 
⻰޵øġ˻ز 
˿־Լ˼˾ͷˣǲ̫˵㡣 
޵𾢣Ҳ֪ôοֻ֣ӵĺ󱳣ĵĵȴꡣ 
кȻһۣһ֮ҲûУǲδֻܺ޵֣éΪأǣԺôģ 
Ҳһһ󡰹࡭Ĺ 
ֹͣĿֻǺС˵Ҷˡ 
ΪѣֵˡոգΪΪˣңҰѣ̨ˣңǣû취ˡ 
һͷ֮ǰĸҲûˡ˵ţͻȻһҪϳտɣ 
տ 
΢ЦŵĨϵᡣǶҪǿһܻȥԲҪ׿Ȼת˲ݣ׼ȥˡ 
ĿȥıӰ۵˫죬ȻһЦײײǸԶǼҵĵطȥ 
 
£ǰ¡ 



                  ʮ ҲǴ




ܲѵĹ󣻿ӣǩӵĹҲڸгһ飬ǩϡӳϵζûĵζƷ֮࣬ӿ϶ݵԭ˶ǷǸ󣬱ϾȥûнӴЩȴϤζ 
ѵԼҲǴ˼ҵŮʱոʧ䣬үԼĲ²⡣ 
̫ʱʺ˼Ȱ£ר׼ƺԼԭǻ⿵ģҲ˼֪ϣÿַŶ٣Ҳóõʲôζ 
ϻ»ϽƺҲ£ĺܡ 
ʱŬ˸8ֱרĿԵ⼸ûһֱɫĿŻ档 
ϲϲǮɣ 
Ƕϲ١Ц 
Ǯǣôã𣿡 
࣬һ޷е顣˵Ǳʳܻȥȴûа취ʳſڵ󡣡Ȼǿʳ֣ġºҶҲûгԵʳ˶١кֻܶʳҲҪԲˡ¡ 
ɣԣЦ۾ңǣ磬Ҳ࣬ɵ 
࣬ҪĶֹǧ֡ԣǮļֵҲǮıǱЯڽɣԶǮǮάʳ 
ƶǶĵͷǮǲǺҪ 
ǰ·Ǯʳ·ǮĻҲܴ·ˡ 
ͷԼϴŵҶ 
ϧȲҾͺұܿ¼Ҳǰ˺ҵæˣЩӸҲְɣʳ·ЩǲЩɽȥҲܻܿء 
ͣ³·ĶʡǮǮС 
ţΪԼˡ 
ǮʹˣģˣͣǣΪΪˣǮ 
ŶȻԭ֮ǰ˵ûԼǮƵⰡҲ˵ʲôֻͷʾο 
ǣɱˣˣǣǲ֪ǮģطˣˣֻֻУܣ򿪡Ŀ¶׹⣬ɢɱң棬ˣ˳𡣡 
ǲ£ַ 
˾ĬΣתͷֳָֻ̬仯֮죬ֻ÷· 
жǮ·ʳ𣿡ĵĿ 
ңҲ֪֪ң㣬ȥȥ 
á㷲飬һһСѡŬȥ治ͣﲻͣζΪ˻ٻСѣԼʹˡ 
һʱ䣬ŵŸƴĺӳˣ˰ء 

ȴĵĻζβͣһϣ佱ӡ 
ãáͷ 
󽫺ӵϣһ򿪺ӣϦӲӵĹ˲ͺĹΪһ壬ε۾ 
תĶһ󣬹תΪ 
ſǸƴСĺװһԡͰĽ鱦Ԫ䣬˿ˮ 
۹һɱ֡㣬Ҳϲϲ⣬Щ 
ȻƯ壬ǿ飬úòġ󣬴óСԪЦ󡣡öʳҲ·ջȥɣ 
۹˸㣬㲻룬ҪЩ 
ͷ˳˳ëЩ˵ģôҪأϽô࣬Ѿܿˡ 
Щ⣬ҪĻͷգգۣƻȥ̧ܿͷƺֶЩ⡢ȡмΡ 
գգۣȻһЦӳҲĵЦˣ˫εļסʱչյݡ 
ɫڣԱ㣬һһİѶգҲԻȥ˯ 
ռסڱ̫ɹøůĽϣȥɫ·϶Ư΢Ц˯ȥ 
ȴûʱ˯Ϩ˵ƣû¿˿תСܽӡ 
ֲָҹɫ۾⺧ˡᳵ·ˮ̶ԣˮ̶ǸӦĵֳ󷨣ҹڵ̶ˮиĿĴһû˻ţһͷˮ󷨣ʧ١ 



                  ʮ ѵǼ




İķ𻨱ߵֻһյƣҡҷӳճڵİ쳣һʵϣһӣӱӳյɫǸֲ߲ݣ˧ҲѿƽӡӽüͷŪһֻʣƺ˼ʲô⡣ 
Ӱէ֣һͷǳƽ࣬ҲôԻˣ𣿡ºͣдԡ 
ԭСԽ˼š 
أة࣬ССģǣǻ㱨ǣ࣬Ůӣ¡ 
Ŷ 
ССģ棬ѾӦӦˣأҡڣңڣˣģļס 
ƽӺ⡣㲻ײȥ˼ôȥأ 
ͷСС̳Ҹ΢Цңܣݣãԣ޳ɣˣΪ𣬲ţŸסˣģķӡ 
ƽ¶һ˿ζ΢Цõȥǿǧ˲ιˣûȥҲҵ 
ǣ£߾ܣ 
ȥɣû²Ҫ 
ǣ 
ƽĿȥ˿Ȼʼġһ 
ꡰһžͱѵһ߿ˣ 
ͼʱ޹ĳһӣģֻʲôʱܸҵ 
Ĺվ𣬵ͷ£ܣûҵ 
ʧٵʱ˵֪ôֻ࣬ѵǱɨʱ򶪵𣿡۾޵ǲͷһĿɨģͼҳ˵ѵ֤ݡ 
ѲŮȷʵСʱ򱻵ӵˡĹĻش 
¶㵱׳ջź򱾾Сǰ׳հôֻ࣬ôӵ 
ĻǹĻش𣺡µķС컨ˣķ䣬ڽ﷢ΪѾùˣԲŰֱɨ˻֮ԭ֮ȥѰңֻҵʬ塣 
ž˫ϣӱĩֵĶһ̲ľͷĩ 
ŵøͬһ£̧ۿ񷣬ĿԲŭģ٣ҪԵĵĬĬֵͷ졣 
һ޲һ̵ģתһ룬һ֮δġΣƫͷʬأˣҲҪʬ壡 
ʬ岻ױ棬Ѿջˡ 
ƭңץĵڣ־ҪƤıͷŵ棬촽΢΢ס 
ֻҪĵƤָ֮䣬ҷ 
ɣſġ޺޵һԤԶѣǸδܳԤҲҪٵҵϣ𣿡 
ҡ 
ôңҿʲôңܱʲôɨ֮ԭֻԣ㻹ʲôҵģ 
˵꣬˵ȥǲɱ 
ҡ 
˦ߣ߻ͷЦɱһȴɱҿԵȣ´Ͷ̥תΪʲôֻҪ껹Ҿͻ֮ǰҵϣת쫷һ˳ȥ 

˿ôɱʱδ 
һ̾Ϣŵܡ 
 
СܣҲǺܿͻص˵Сݡһһ֪䣬ʱȥˣɫû𴲣ҲС˯ȥ 
һɫ˯СѣûΪˣҶװ壬һҹҶήڲס塣 
ˣЦܻط䡣ԣҲŽȥϳ䡣 
ӹзǷ˺һĨʣ򵥼ãɮʽĳӣӴӳȥϡ 
æ죬ôǴˣѿһʱվͷʽ˯µʽ 
ֱ̿˯£ŷȥ·ȴźˡ 
ǣýеӣϴҳ˵ʣµĿ⣬·ȥƽǡ 
ĽҰʲôӵ·ζûйϵȥ˳˵⣬ɫҲ϶ԵһƬŮɫǣһ¿һһǺãԵ˳ԵС֣ͽȥ 
ίΪΪʲôңһȥȥ·ңҿԣ㡣ڱʱ·֡ 
ḧͷոձ࣬ܶ鶼һʿˣץȥô죿мôΣأңҺܿͻŶ 
룬úеͿͷԹԵվһԵţûиȥĿȥЦţڴǸӰ 
ʱ֪һȣǰꡣ 
 
ڵϣ½¶һ⻬ļϺһ飬һ飬ĿŴҡ㣬ղҰɣ 



                  ʮ ƽɫ




ƽ䲻ȴΪͨҪ򲻵ĶﶼеԸⷱ󷽵ڽϣ⴩С֣СȥȥĳͬʱҲǺүϰ弸ûĵط 
ڵԼҲûϸ֣µӣֱȥϵѾ߷Ҫȥ·ҲҪ˷ҲˣӦҲ˭Сûȱһ飬ҲͲˡ 
ĺɫȹŰɫ·̵ȥꡣʳ˼˼ͼ಻ˡŷ˳ſڿԽŻţҲҡҡλεš 
ɫ׾̬񻣬Ҳݣ뵱ʱŮȻЩһոº̵ɼȹŰɫԵף˭һ쵱˶ 
˶һӵϷǿ˵ϵ˶Ϊ˱ϷڣӵܾΪ˵Ϸ˶ڡ֮˶ĵطӵܣӵܳûĵضο϶˶֡ 
ûȥеı֤ϵǲǺܻкܶ˹עźɼȹ˶һһҡҡλεšоͰĳĿǰԲˡ 
ȣûԶһдСͳ 
λС㣬ɷҪСæϰź 
ŵýģһ˫˫ַס 
źŵԴ˵ȫò΢Цͼ˧ı飬С㰮Ҳǲԡ 
۹µϣոµȹء񾱡ۼաӴⲻôŮװţ 
Լ˷κ˿ˣȷе˵ꡣǺͣûԱĶͯʱڹˣԶ϶δ͡ԭҳ̽ӴдĪͣԴŮװǸ˶źҲϲ 
үҲ̫˰ɣŮװȻ˷ô˿أźһͬ㡱ı飬ϵĴСŸԷɤţֱС¥ϺȾƳԲǶˣ԰ߴջȥ 
лϰĺ⣬Ҫ·ͲˣһҾ벻Ǻڵ˼Ѵ֮һԶ㡣 
ôУϰҵҲ𣿡 
ҡǣЦ 
Ǿ߰ɣϰקĸ첲·Եľ¥ 
˰ᣬ˾ƲˣϰСһھƣʣû㣬˵ҵ˼ˡ˵ţ̧ۿе˫¶ɫʡ˺ķ 
Цϰˣҵ˼ˣպͼ˴˸ģ˲ŴŮװͺүûйϵ 
ŶźпӲ˷УĿ˸Цһֱ˲ף֪ﰡ 
ɽҰϰ̧ˡ 
ûʳʲôźҲûȥЩеûġ 
֪źҲͰˣȻ֪˾û취ȻദСҲûгԼڡ 
ʱˣǡ 
źõҵ˾ǲһѵͲܶһ 
ҡû취˻ 
ڳſڵţ񲻶ƵƵ档 
ⷬ񲻶Īڵʲôˣ 
ǡǰЦЦܻڳŵš 
ô˵ѽȥɣ 
ĸͷϰ壿 
˵ʲôͷͷź˵֡ 
װĨ֡ 
ź¶ãתЦˡ֮Ͷѣٿҿɲˣ 

㲻˸ƨ£ 
ıӴ˵ĺƤȴҲ޿κΡֻЦӦСǾͷϰˡ 
һ·¡ҲŮͨԵļһ￴ֻһţӣӰС·ͨһׯȥ˵ĵط͸ӲȫˡȥܰϰѸҵأ 
ţѾˣҲûнѣûа취ȻǰһЦſϰԭһ¸ŮŮӷᴽۣ͹£Ͷ֡ŮǺҳ̸̵֬ƹģĮĮѾû˼ǵá 
ĮĮûϰ壬˹ȥ 
ôˣŮĮĮ̧֣欵ĸһϰпģ 
źһȣǰ 
ĮĮ˿ˣЦҴǣҾ˰ 
𣡡סĮĮ˻жҪãĮĮѡɣ 
㡭ϰ 
ǣ 
ϰ˵꣬ĮĮߡȫӺϰŴСеĶ 
һ·ߣֱϰ塣ĮĮЦôŮװĪҵ˾ϰɣ 
ĮĮˣԼקֱۣͻȻԼڵһ꣬ѸɿֱۡҡͣϾĮĮԼã־ô»ǲҪϰǵĿǺңҲ֮ܳꡣˣһ֣Ҳһ㣬ȺС 
⺢ӣĮĮҲסߵۣԼȥˡ 
ûӵۣѸȥ̺꣬öһ·СС֣СűسſڡС·ܿ͵ڵ֣Ѿ󱳶ԼԼ˯£ڵϵӡ 
ӻ֣ŴҪһʹڰʱû 
 
ŶڵϻȦȦˣûнղ𣿡 



                  ڶʮ ƽж




ۡ 
۾ûȫſŲӿʼۡŷԼڵϣȷе˵ĳĵϡ 
۲ܣſԼĻǸ䡣ⷿľݣٻƵıڶľ͸ӳıɢŵũߡϡ 
ţȴ֮£ȰŷƣȽϲױ¶ΪԶ϶ĶǸıϰź 
ʲôȻƾС·񣬳˺ƹ⣬û˭жԹο赹֮ǰŵϰϰĹǵ 
ûˡ 
ŵܵڱߣǽ⿴ȥѪɫϦ£źһڻҰһɫװӳճɹɫʣӰΪϸߡ 
ԶԶһƮɣһбӣŲģưĶء߽˲ſ壬ԭǺү 
ߵźǰﶫһֱ̣۵һǧӣҶˣɣ 
ô° 
ָָָָָԼıӡȿپô 
źһ̧俴źһʬ塣 
ʱҲ˵ݣΪȣϰ壡㡭ô⸱磿ѵ˵ǰľǡǡ 
ûľңź˫ֱż°΢̧ıƽʱȻͬĿɢɱ 
𾪵˺ϲϣָź㡭㡭˵ǻȥˣǱˣģ 
źһ͵ͷΪ֤ 
ͷôΪ֤ݣ֤ԼأҶͷ 
ԼķԿǺͱ˲һвźɫɫԼͷһֱûзֹ 
ΪԼܣƾͷΪԼǧԼԼһŮͬʱǲǶĻƣֵز˸ж 
Ҿ˵㲻Ƕģôã϶˲ٿ࡭ 
źЦܿģ㻹ǹ˺Լɣ 
ңĿź 
ͷ㲻Ľڣû뵽㻹ԼԼ治֪ƻ޴ 
ΪҺۣʧȥ䣬ҲˡѴӦ˵ܵչʱܣô֮ 
Ȼ޷֮Ǿͽźָ 
ԩ޳οΪң 
ԩ޳Ϊʲôȥɣ˵ţһ㵱ޱ𣿡˵ţͳһѶ̽мܿ 
û֣ȴû֪书ףźȫʮغҲûռʲôˡ 
룬Ȼү˶ԴԼԼҲ˺ȡ 
ܵǰſû˿ء 

źԼܸ㶨ˣҲûн°æ 
һũֳɵģһͷţ󲽿ȥƵ 
òɿֻܳжʲô˵񵶣ľջߴ򻹱ӣҷɣʽȻ󿪴ϣƮݡ 
ΧéתһȦִ˴ƬũΧеéݣֻйһ䣬ˣѹźİԼһ¥ϡ 
һߣղŷɹһ4ֵľǽߣ¶Դ͵͵̽սźȴΪ࿴һۣת۰ơʾźƹҡҡͷźҲµ³иǺͼʱڽҲʡ͵ĵƣźűƵķ״׼źͷľȫ 
ҽ㰵ң 
ľһһͷ˳ȥ 
ˣˣ˦ӵľ˹ȥűеͷڵϣðͷ͡ȥүźһ߿г߸߾ûѹæ˹ȥ 
źֱָߣݺ£ȴ˹ĳƴкСۣѪɽһѪ 
ۡʱУҪǸоֱһʹΪˡźһͷİγִ˹æһ뿪սȦ 
źǲĵ˭ٽҿɹܲ˭ȥˣ˵˦ġ 
ҽжûнгڣͻ˹ȥ 
 
Ѫ˿ٲղңҾǿ 



                  ڶʮһ ֮ľ񣨵һᣩ




ʹ 
бվڻʹߵĹϲ㣬λøߵ·ֻҪһ̧ţÿֻԡ÷ֻҪûдɣÿһֻĹһǻΪǵõɡ 
ǴҸλȴһֱվڸߴվڸߴûҲûܸůǸࡪؼΨһ 
紵Ͻ廪£ī趯ţ֪Ȼ˫ü΢򭣬һ˫ֽĿڡҧ촽ӳݷＷʹ֡ 
һһͷȥ 
 
˫ĿգɷףϢ΢ 
ۼӱ̴һʹԻںޣղǳԶ룬Ͳᵼֽ 
źЦһγͷֱ߶̽ѱɳȥʱ޴ﻹֻ÷һԾһһһѽסźĹ 
ŽģǺꡣ 
궢źкû˿顣ͬʱԼĸʰˣʦֺʹϽȥˣ 
ãͷӢҲ˹СĵİڵϣѨֹѪֺᱧţ 
Լ˿ڣȻȥҺͶܽҪ𣡡 
Ӣƣͷãϣһ׹ 
תۼ䣬ѵǰӢֱӳסԺӡʹӼˣææ 
ڴϷӢקһѾ߷Ըȥʦ˵ţ촫 
õģѾ߻ŻŵСܳȥ 
ˣ⣬һͳ˹ 
ʦӢȻܳԾ 
˴󲽿Ǹߴȴ˶һɫĵۣ淢ԵɷǡϸĹ٣üֱ촽ʮͣȴһͷȳڱһͷһϸСӣúţ׹һָ״СĽ 
Ǿˣˡ 
Ϊɲ⣬߰ǰ߱ħսʱֻһսʤħһ½ͬ޲𾴣ɵ˼˶Ҫֱ档 
ʦȾɣӢۺ 
û 
ſ˫ۣ׵촽ţ˵Щʲô 
Ҫ˵Ӣչȥŵ 
ҡҪ𣿡΢ӴȻ΢ 
㲻ʦڣһܾ㣡ӢԼʦޱ鿴 
΢΢һЦҪȥˣ岻ܻȥҲȥġллͺչˣ޷ˡ˵꣬۾ϣͷһᡣ 
ʦӢͷǺ 
ðæˣѾˣ 
ʲôӢתͷشϵͼϵ۷ȻʧЧŮ̬¶԰׵ûа˿Ѫɫ¶࣡ 
ӢȻϷ֡ģִŵŷſ壬վŭԼʦΪʲô޹ģ 
˱ͷ̿Լӡûš 
ΪʲôֻǸƽŮӣΪʲôܻȥ 
˭˵ƽŮӣͨۿԼĵӡ 
Ӣϸ룬ΪȷʲôƽĿ޹أóټĻʧûоʧ룬ǴӺ׳ʶڴþӺʱŮװҲҪȥֻҪ˸סԺ䡣翪ţҲѰδŮһɣʵ̫׽̫ѰȴѰıûб֡ 
ӢֿڴϣͰķɫʧȥѪɫ˫ͬ˯ȥ׵΢΢ţͣƽЦ⡣ 
޹ı˺ 
޹ıı 
޹ıܣ 
޹ı̴ 
޹ȥ 
ݼˣ 
ݼʦ⴫ֵܵһǱͷ˿ڱݲݰѾѪˡɽףȻ忡źӣڵϣͷ֪ǻ 
˲ݲʩ񣬼ӣסˡͬ⡭ 
ӢŵֹǽڷףͷȥֵûȻ 
ֵ˹ߣҡҡȴ壬˫˫ڵء 
Һһ޹סֹסźĿңõҺҵĲƲܣûչ˺ 
磡겻֪˵ʲôΪãĵǸθ 
ߣǳʲôӣۿˡ 
͸ˣ˳Ӧ⣡ 

ʦ 
ˣ 
˿ 
Ͳ磬Ǿûпǻˣߣ˸ãȥ˾ͻȥˣڴˣ˼ضΪҡ 
˲Ŀˡ 
̾Ϣննڸ飬ʱܿƣ 
ҿǿƣһŮӿƮɴŮӱò߽࣬ׯϡ 
֮Ҫ裬УԭǻɵԱԭͷ衣Խ֮ԽСɡ˰Ůֻ˫ɷУǹǻ顣 
˾ȹ֣԰ʹǶѱʩ˶öǸãǶһԣӷԸ 
ҵ˭ˣԭɽˮӣ˷תȻǲá 
ˮԽⲽǰֳһԽڡ˵ĴδǼ£οˣͻȥˡ 
ѵӦûȥĶ 
һδǻ£ˮӵһ̣ۡǿøһ㣬ѳɣ 
ǷŲڶͽͽǣ 
ˮ̽󣬵ַ׹⣬ܵסüûأ 
㣡 
ôˣˮְһۡĺܣҪúõĲغȲҪӴ֮ˡˮ΢˫ü̫Сʱȥ磬ͽܣɣ 
Ҳš 
Ҳˮüţ 
ң˴Ｗ֡ 
ͺáˮӣջطʱɫѻָ󣬵΢ЦȻͣߡؿڵ˿ҾͲˣçײѵ㿴Űɣ 
ߣһ 
ˮɸ߸߰ͷׯϵƮȻȥ 
˿ˮȥıӰ̾һֳֵܺӢʧ־˻૵նǰɡμɡ 
 
һ 
ϾҪϾģ硣 



                  
ڶ Ǿ
һ    ɽе




ɽɽλĽƽԭͲƽԭм䴦ݴ½ߵɽĶ̶һѾʼѩ붬ͷɽ 
ͨ˼޷ɽɽ¾סǳΪɽÿ궼ϵĽɽҲĳϣҲɽԭ̲طɽܻ걥ĵɽ˿ɽԷˣҲԳϻɵõ˳ҵγһɣüءɲУΪݴ½ĴšصɽţΪġ 
ɽգɽǧ壬㡣Ϊ׳Ҫ׶壬嶥汳紦ɽϣټͥԺͥǰɽ岼ڲݴУɽȪͥ԰дУïʢ˭Ҳ벻ͬͨɽ˼ҵͥԺھĴ֮ģ 
׶嶫һɽȣʱڣҶ죬ȡ̡ϡƸɫҶڹȱࡣͯһС·ĩҲǸԺ䣬ߺǽԺһѣ˶ۣӨ͸òϲˡһ꣬üĿ㣬üӽһļ£Žϵ 
ܿ죬۴װӣȥԺСϪϴѰ˼ӣװ̣ŽУžͽԺӡԺﰴձǵĹ켣СݡǰСǰţһء˳Ī룬ʲô£ 
ʦҸˡ 
¾ͳȥɣ 
ǣʦĪƿţ۲СȴǿͷĲԭ̫աѸٽѷڵϣҶͣתȥ 
˶ٶˣʦǺҰĪ΢΢̾˿ 
ʱۣתۼٶȥˡΪ飬ƶĪ뼸˶ǰǸССƽƽù 
䣬ƽѾǸΪƻˡ˶֪罫Ůƻ˶֪Ѿȥ˶Ѱת˶ûг֮ǰɱ䣬ûκζΪǸ˼伸ȨΪ֣ 
ڽĪ롱Ҫ뿪˼ǶǰǴνѿʦŵʱ״͵֮֡ʦԸʩ۷Ϊ˵Сӡһͨϡ 
óʦʼնȻΪͽܱš 
Ӣƽ˶ѾΪڹʵЩԼеĵεҲʣ޼ƽĺͬһȦɢ 
ϵƺֻʣǸԤԻµ֡ЩҲƺΪݵתûʲôϵʦŹ涨£ֻһ˲뿪Ű벽 
뿪ǲܲμӵ50һΪ˽ѧϰٰ۵ᣬҲǲܲμӱɵѡδᡣ 
50һ۵ǶĽ£ٰĳһΪͬ˻д裬ͬΪʱΪЭ硢ɽħСɾƽȵɳ˲μӣֻҪʽΪ꣬ʽͽɲμӡ 
Īźû̿ʼУʦ̫ʼ伸ſʼУԵΪֹոպòжꡣ 

رȥμʲô£ϾʦҲǺ˼ᶪż㣬Ҫʦֵ֪Щһ֪֪ѧʵû˶սҲ֪ΣȻǰͲòȥźáֻǿϧһɽĻˡ 
ѰյİãһԼ̣תȥһӡţֱӾͽȥˡûй̫Ŀռ䣬ֻһͨɽķʽǽǽϹż˫ЬŸ߾ųߵĿ󺺣ɢʹ⻪˷Ī߲ʹ⻪Ȼջصڡ 
ժʦ֣ѰɣĪｫӷڿأɦɦſڵһֻèĲӣèһ̧ͷš 
ˣĪʦܣժǸжۿ졣⼸춼ֲˣôΪ¸µı׼̫Ϊˣ 
ĪﵭЦ֮ͣࡣתȥǰͷժʦ֣αҲûࡣ 
ãĪʦܣժʦһڱɵǰͷ 
ûժǼ˷ӵĻᣬĪҴȥ 
ժʦֳѶŻè˵Īʦʵ̫ɰˣ 
è 



                  ڶ    Ҳ




Ī뿪ժǵķӣ˳СתһСľݡô£ôöһСݷԲ5ڣͻԼŵһζһס10˵ķûп͸һζ 
Ī˸ķڱǰŽݡ 
һ**ţӭͷ֧̼óļǰͷķ죻һ̷ֻɫâһǼ˶ĹͲתƹһСɫˮһ˳ͬǧٱһȴû˰㣬ûж 
ԽصķɫİıľʼϣһͲֿ⡣ 
Խֿ⣬ķ䡣ǽӵĲãһŰΧĸСʯաǹʵĴһԣеߣһɫ԰ĸ߸꣬ϣŪŲ֪£ʱѾ£Ī﷢õ΢Ц 
Īᶶͳ̣԰ӵķ򡣲԰ӵǣӹϣЦĪʦܣЩԽԽѲסˣ 
Ī볶ƤЦЦʦֽĻغᰡ 
ҡҡʳָĪˡ 
Ȼˣϰʱ10궼ûʦֵţֹ20Žȥ棬ʦֻҪŵģʮҲпܡ 
ʦ֣㲻볢𣿡Īôǫȥǰ취תƻ⡣ 
ǺǡǵȻҪڷеĶץһԵĲ֣һѣǿ˿ȻŷŽУϸƷζޡһ֮ȡ¶֮ġѣ 
ʵǲɳӵֲþˮ࣬żʩũҷʡũҷʣɽũļѼıҲԲܸʦ֣ 
ǺǡĪһɵЦ 
ͻȻĿ⾼Ŀ 
Ī룬ʦҪʲôǰףǿ߰ɣ 
ȳȥˣûɰʦȥأ 
ߣ 
Īֻûͷʲô£ 
ûȤװһװã 
ллҲã 
װֻ֮һ֡ըըͱըʱĲͬɸĲͬв졣 
˵꣬ĪѸˡһϲǿˣСݣĪŲĽһСݡ 
һԶһ̴ζƮ 
ĿռȻۿҪϺܶ࣬ԽľȣӭһˮĻǰˮĻתһ֪Ǳ 
ԽˮĻȻһɾأֱƵɽ棬иԲʮСţֱͨһľСɴĻӦ翣ɾ 
ĪСţֱľС 
룺Ȼ֪ǼٵģÿζܳɫһûС 
ɴĻһľСһŮϣŸʱõˮٺɵЦŮӿҲͶʮ£˸١˳зϸü˵¶ 

ŵˮ裬⻬ȴ⣬ںںڵһţҲ֪ʲôġˮˮ޷ԶͼȻ˼̬ 
ŮӼĪŶһתһĪ̾УľϣѺУֶˮɵЦ 
Ī̾˿룬ҲֻŲɰʦûڽǰѵ˴βμӣ 
αû˧磬ҾͲ׼ͷˣǺǣɰ׺ǺǽЦŻش 
ĪԶʱȻ˳ȥСȥſڲ죬Ӣһ𵽺ɽȥˡ 
ĬĬصСԺ䣬ѼԵСݣС浹ûչ̫Ŀռ䣬ʵʵڵĺһµĴСҲ࣬÷ʽԽǰķһصŮʱĹ뷿ƿźɫľŲһС˵ǸżϴſƯ˿ȴ޷⿪Ľᡣڵϲ𿪽ᣬͬʱʻиڳ⿴ͨĽƻţ˭޷򿪡 
򿪲һؼոвãʦϰʦͻȻݣӼؼȥ 
Ķ꣬¶Ķ꣬æĶꡭ 
ΪԼûбĶꡭ 
һֱΪԼܼǿû˹ȥûйȥûǣҡ 
ǲ뿪ʦֽǶܺദ 
ǱԻ磡ԼҲûʲôޡ 
ԼľȾӰӡۣĬ䡣 
ɽ𣿡ʦ̾Ϣ⴫ 
Ī۾һѹסϲȥ 



                   ˭˵治Σ




˲֪ʱͳĪС棬֣Զߡ 
Ī빪ʦ˸񡣡ʦ 
תϵϸһ顣ſڡ¸£۵ѡΡҲȥɣ 
Īǰһ 
Ƕףʦֽǳȥɣ 
ģĪ뼤֣ף 
˰СӣȥŶǾĵ𣿡 
ĪЦĹΪ񣺡ʦ 
˴ͳһݸ 
ϺõĹ񣬼û覴áĪˣɴ۾æϣϲĲˡ 
ʦҵ𣿡 
ĪҪԶľʾԶ룬ͻ 
ŶĪˣͷ 
һҲתȥ 
˺ܺĲĪ롣µĲЬϸոմ˲㸡ƮƮǲȾ״뿪Լӡ 
뿪ĪǶûлȥԼӣǽŲٵģ˺ɽ 
ʱ죬죬ݻ̡ȴû˼ͷ羰С·Ҵһַ֣ȥǸڰĿռ䡣 
ˣ 
ţ 
ˣ 
ţ 
ܿģ 
ţ 
ǺǣתѾˣҲ̵ˣ 
ʴӶǰʼ˯δѹҲȥ 
ҪӲˣҲɣ 
ˣҪ 
Ǻǣĵֳˣôģ 
Ķжǿ 
𡢱ˣ治̵̫õġǿסЦ 
ûʲô£ˣ 
ʱ 
˺ܲˬĻȥԼСȥˡ 
 
Ī룬ҲǸͷ˵Ŀʦ뿪Լϵֵñϸߡ˹ˣȥѰ˿ʣµĺ첼׼ժ˭֪ȡ˰죬ͬԼĴϸСһ㣬ƵĹͷ߾ǳ 
Ī밵ԼʦѾ˵úˣǸķ̶²Ҳ֪İɣԼղЩʲôˣ 
պöؼϸ¿һ顣ϸ룬֪ǸνѡʲôƵİ 
ͻȻһ۾飬˭ȴʦ֪ĸࣿ 
뵽ˣԾһܳСݣŶûء 
ѧеʦֽȣĪٳûеõʦ״ĵһѽܷУֻʹҲṦиĬϵǱ򣬾ͽʦҪһѽͽʹá֮ͽܲſԽ˵ԼƱΪ֮󣬾ݴΣǹǿһǧҲ£һѽʦ״ѵĪʦŵ˼ 
ĪԳһּ䴩ԶС·ҲûпԼʦ 
ṦʹĪжѸ٣Ҳһʱʦֺͺʦֵ 

ӢʦԸΪӢĴʦ֣֪ΪκͺʦֹϵܺãʱӰ룬һ 
ǣΪʲôֻӢʦ֣ʦֽ㶼ûź۴Сأ 
ʦڲ࣬һ̾㣺ϴӢʲеգҶѾʵѾ˺ֵزϷһֱҲ֦ɢҶͽȴ鲻ͽ϶ʷʦŲˡǸŮޣȴʱδλɰ࣬ȴڴҵⷽĺܺãչһкЩġʮһ褡ʮԽҲǺࡣϷʵڲɥͽ֮ʹرϳ߾鲻ͽܡʮժҲ˵ĸͨɽϰҲ꣬϶Ҫȥμ۵ġʮǸѵһţϧҵоʲôز󲻹ʮһҲʸȥμ۵ᡣʮɰҲǰѵһţҲǲҵúãȴڷ棬꿴ǲȥ۵ˡʮһ굹Ǻģ涼ܲܺӢһ˲ģʮǲˣ 
Īʦ͵Цѡ 
дӢ롣Īʦܣ͵Цʲôôģ 
ûʲôʦ֣ЦЦҿԽ𣿡 
ÿͽɣ 
ҿĶҪ˵ţĪӢ 
ⶴѨѽµȻѨ˹ЩͻʯͷѾĥƽҲ˼ʷǶŸϷʯġԽߣԽǿͷȻɽ٣ƵԴԴӢװ£վһӴĵ¯ӭǰʯʲôֲϰһ 
Īӻ֣Сܹȥʦ֣ 
һЩûȤôͻȻˣ 
ĪЦʦ׼ȥμ۵ѡΣʴʦҪô׼ 
ӢҲǸˣĪͷͷҩ 
Ī뿴һԵ¯͵һԣҲܻ¯ҲȣðŰ̡ʣʦ֣¯Ҳܻʲôأ 
ӢĽ֮ͣҩԲֻͬһЩԵĵҩҪǶ벻÷𣬶߷ζ𡣡 
ŶԭĵҩûҲð̡Ȼֺѵļ 
ð̣Ӣæ¯¯ðһɹɰ̵̣Ĺ켣İɫСߣѵ¯Ľ 
ӢһӾܡ 
Ű˵ 
ûܼƵġ䣡һ 
 
˵㣬ϲҹüǾҪܿˡϹ 



                   С͵




Ī뱻ӱڵʱضɽҡľͷûйȥſڵϣǰڣͷͣ㲻嶫ţ 
ûе𣡡Ӣεİ 
û𣿡ƵƵһˡ 
ʱضƽϢĪ˿ͷӢʦ֣ոպ˰ 
Ī£Ī£¯ըˣ¿ʼˡ 
ըըĪͷð̡ 
룺֪ΪʲôҪõµĶѨˣһʲôǻĶֱʡ£ 
ȻǲСıըˣֻҪӳˣĶΰĴظˡЩĲϡ 
Щϡ 
ӢЦͳССĺɰջˡ 
ӣĪ۾һôãȻ֪Ǵ˵пĽӡӵǸ˵òƣӢʦϲ֯Ʒ 
ϲĻﻹһ 
лˣԼĪ뿴ð̵ 
ĪôͻȻϲЩˣĪΪʦμ۵ѡΣ 
ЦͷͻȻúܶණȤ֮ǰˡ 
Ӣͷʦûд㱦ɣ 
ǰ»ˡǸʦˡ 
Ӣһӣħһ㲻֪γһѶ̽ݸĪ롣⽣ͨ͸ʹ⻪ʵĹ⣬Żƹӵľͷǻһѽ 
Ī˫ģĦѽƯŶǰƯװν 
ϲ𣿡 
ôƯ˭ϲɣ 
Ǿɣ 
ģĪ뿪ĵʡ 
ʦĵһѽ 
ģĪʡ 
Ӣ΢Цŵͷ 
ɣʦŵĵһĽȻװõģ 
Ī볹ʱû˵ 
ӢǶѨѾð̣Ī˵ܿİɣԼȥˡ˵ţŲ˶Ѩ 
Ҳ֪ʦǺ⡣ǾŰɣ 
ʦҲϾԼĪĬĬߣһ·ҲϾɫ磬Ưװζ̽ѰߵС·ߣɢɢĺˡ 
ƽĶ꣬ĶꡭҲڿԳȥѽ 
죬õ黹ǱȻأ 
ЦţŽԾժɽɽèɽèݺݵһۣҡҡβҶ 
ָûȤֻС·ߡС·ľͷȪ 
˸򿪡µ·ǰѻĽȪߵʯͷϣƵȪ 
¶ã 
̾˿ʯͷϡУǰѻĽϸ͡ 
ǺƯأ 
ͻȻüͷһ壬Ƿʲô 
ôôĪ 
ʲôôֵĶˣˣǻȥԶɣ 

Īһ·ŻĽĻصСݡ 
û£ͻȻš 
ʲô° 
ԭŵǸߴĵƤӣԽʦֵͽܣ档ǰһأȴĪࡣ۾ĪСʦ壬ʦָղŪͷ򣬽һȥԿģ 
о𣿡Īһ 
ּ۾λһССƿʦ͵ĽӡǸƹ 
պöˣߣҪѻĽӻ룬Կ¶ø⵶ 
ͼǰɽ 
ɽӴԭʼɭ֣ĵ䡢Сչء͵ԡ 
͵ԣ˭Ҳûרҵ 
͵͵רɽл֡йв𣬵ȫɽʡ㡣Լļ⣬ֵҰѾٹȵ˶޲ڡڴҶԴ˵ȻɭĻΪһֻ۱һֻۣ͵͵Լȥʡ 
Īֵߵߵķٸϵ͵ɽδȥζ촫˳ 
ĪԼֱǱǣűӽɽ 
İĹ۵ӣͷʣٵĻҰͷ˸١֦һʲôϸĿŻϿŵŲһ̧ͷ˽͵Ծô죬ƴ𣿡 
ٺһЦдƿӡ 
ĵͷָͷõӡɣԳˣ 
Ī롢˴֣Цá 
࣬ѿõϡ 
ĪΪҲ󱲣ſˮС͵ȥ 
ͣͼˣæֹ 
С͵ζͲһ׵ľʱͣסˡ 
Ī벻Ŀ͡ 
ĽǴģͻȻ 



                   δĹȥ




ĪЦЦʦҵģƯɣ˵ţѽݵм䡣 
ҲչȤ淺͹⡣ 
ͲŽӹĽյǰϸӽ⵽һ飬Сĵ˫ţӯϷһüĿˣ 
Ǹô 
ŶĪ̲סֱ˺һ߿б߿ͼͽ 
̧ͷ͸졣ǰ߱ħսʱʱ˽һâɣˡħ޲鴤أߣڣ˲Ϊݹǣˮ֮ǽ֮һ޶ 
ôôû˵أ۷Ź⣬չȴûֹͣ׽ 
Ī뵹û죬룺Ǳ 
һӣԷ©͵ļһԶ㡣ǰһµģ䣬Ǵ߱ħսʹù˾Ҳûܷ̾˿ֻһֱ֪ԭǾģ 
ԭֻǸװﰡǸƷ 
Ī뿪ʼ͵͵²ʦѡԼҲǸƷ 
Ϊʲôûа취أ 
ͰյĪǰĪʦ壬飬СһǶ֪ 
ʲôһͷӵһſС 
Īӣ⣬˶ڵϡ 
ָͷббдĸ򵥵֣ȴ˭ҲʶͼΣʹֲᡱ 
Īеͷԡ 
ؼһҳ 
أ 
ؼҵⱾؼӡ˼Ĳ¼ֻûܿöؼЩ˼ѧΪд˰ʮע⣬ҲûʹžͰⱾؼӵˡ 
ӵ˾ӵˣ˵ô࣬ʦֶմװ 
ǱҼˣ͵ЦЦ¶ݻƵݡţӻͳ״ĽӣѸ첲ȥͰͰ 
Īˡ 
ô˵һ˵갡 
ţĪšΣڲΡΡͳһֻ2ҳֽı顣 
ĪӵͷͳӲػСӹؼȻһֻȡ 
˹ȥСֻô 
 
ӳԵͷ 
ʳսʼ 
εҡҡͷһװƵĽӣССһڡ 
 
ɫĪ𴲣ʼССӣ˽磬ɫĹŨŨ治͸¶֡أɢĪƽ۾ʱй䣬ƽׯϣе֮ 
µһӲñʼ 
Ī̵óһ޲ϸʦԼԽԽƯ 
ȻһʦļƷ 

ϸùŷֽĻƾǵ·ͼסʳָλϣиͻԲͣĿšON 
ضУ߿ǵĻȫ 
Īüͷϸоǵ·ͼȻǼ׷ͼξ˼ʶʦֶؼʹ˵ 
򿪵һҳּ򵥵ֵ˶ʶͼдţ 
װͬߣã 
һú룬㴩Խʱ¶Ҳģ߻úܿģҲһΪֻԼ¶磬֪Ĵڡ 
ƯĵʱѾ70ꡣһҲΪˮţܶ˺ޣҲܶ˰ 
ѵżȻõĲƳɣԽ֮磬ҲԽ򵥷ۻ硣ֻǴԽߵĶ 
һʳķֻܸ㣬Լ׻׷ˡ˽죬ֻҪѵӴͿԳˡʱʧظ͸ӡ 
ҵȥˣף޴ֳÿ֡ 
PSǿã 
͡ôһ㣿Ī޲˺йޣǿ᲻ãģʲôǣң벻ʲô 
ԭǸͬµĶϧĪٺһЦУ˵ĺʲôûʶƣôɿأ֮ǰЩ˰ⶫ̫˰ɣ 
ҲûԭҲûΪʲôԼôֵĶ 
ĪպýеĲƲһĹʼˣ 
 
Ī뿸һ죬飺ղأ 
ȥȥ 



                   ˮƽҪ




׷¿ﲢǺѣϾʯ˿ͭ˿˿֮Ʒ׵õ 
һ磬׷ˡ 
׷ɿҡֱģĪͷһʱҲûʲôʡķеǣҡŬҡҡţſö 
Ц⴫ĪСݣԭһϣſŵĻɽèġɽèԼһš 
ܻĽУèЦʲô 
Լ۵ĺܲңúЦ 
Ц𣿡Īâ 
ʱȥˣɽèڲӴ޹ĿĪ롣ҷҪ 
ԼæŶѽҲÿɽҴܵģɴҴ򹤰 
ʲôǴ򹤣 
򹤾ǣһ죬Ҹɽˮ̶ķԣ 
ãҪԺյ 
èҪࡱĪתץȥˡ 
͡СݣСĲһһһè 
һԵĿģèҧеÿġ 
Ա㣬һһè 
èצӡʧѽƷŶˣǷˣؼûй 
ĪȥһƴèͷϡèеĳԾͺܺˣ㻹ĵģǸ㲹֪ 
ת۰¹ȥˡ 
ĪԼĺո˼Ļʵ۳Եʱ򣬻ڳ˵磬͸ĽĪۿŵצӣһȦɽèԻɽˡ 
Ҫ߳ 
ѾˣҲܼ㣡 
ٸҹɽèͷĪĿš 
ûйֻèܹŶ뱧 
Ұ 
ҲƤè 
Ƥɽè޹ĿĪ롣 
ðɣһûнͨߣ 
ʲôǽʲô 
ϧͷ̫СˡĪɽèͷ 
ɽèգգۣͷͺһ죬תǻСμ仢лò䣡 
Ī˺󼸲รһ 

ڹ̬ͷĪ룬ſڡһ޹ĿӾͿԳΪ˰ɣһ԰ҧ 
⡭ⷴҲ̫˰ɣ 
Ī붥ͷ亹Ҳǿҵģͷôô㰡 
裺æܡϢ֮ͨˡ佨Լ˽⿪ԼһҪܵ˵Ŀơ 
ءΪɭǳԲҲС 
ҿûôι㣡 
ҿԼץƽʱС˷С 
ͻɭְɣ 
Ҫյĺ 
 
ǽԼ 
ɽèצһӣлԼĪ롣Ī״̬Уһֻɽè衣 
ɽèָƽʱĴСצӡˣ 
Ƥ컹ҪèֻһֻӷèĪ뿴ɽèȻӷèģӷèȫͬĻɫƷ֣˾˼èɽè˼ҽмӷƣͽмӷʰɣ 
 
ӷ޹ĿŹڡĪ붼ղˣѵ㲻ղ𣿡 



                  ڰ    èô




򷢼ӷèץȥĪԼҪӡװ㣡 
ȥԼӢʦ֡ʱѾɣľɫһ޼ʵɳĮ¯Ȼ޴ֻǹɳĮӢȻһʯͷӱߣҩ 
ĪӢӻ֣ԾӢߡ 
ʦ֣ô 
ӢͣĶЦſôֿң 
ѧϰôѽ 
׼ò𣿽ӵĲϲҡ 
ô֪ҪʲôĪ۾Ӣ˼Щ֮úܰЦ 
ӢЦЦû˵ʲôһţȻһ࣬豭С¯ݸĪ롣 
Īüʣӵķ 
ûԼȥҸطƣҲơڷʦӦý̹㡣 
ʦȷʵеġҸطĻ 
ʦ֣겻֪ʲôʱˣĪ롣ϣĪʦҲڰ 
ʦ֣Īܿģʦһ˵οǰסںü¡ 
Ҳ֪޺Ͷ̥ȥˡ 
ʲôԼƺǴ죬ʡ 
ĪҪƽӡӢЦſ 
ŶҲȤˣĪͷ 
õĶһ 
Ī㿪ȥҵطˡ˵꣬Ҵܵˡ 
ǲҪˡ 
ĪҴҽлɽèӷʡӷʵż㣬ֵߵߵܹڵϣץ˺ö 
ҸɽɣҪ 
ô 
ĪקһӲݣɲ㴩һš߰ɣ 
ǣһһèʼɽҴһڲСĲȻʦݡ˲ξ޵ͷŵͷ׼ߵ֮ҵһΣ߳ߵɽΣΪ£ΣȾǾĵ԰滨Χ±Ҳɽè֮ҵôһڡ 
ɽĪһɨúʣװεľϰҰ㼫ˡ 
ɽèӷ˼Ȧ㲻̫Σյķ 
ΪʲôĪϸںҰ 
һܲ 
Īһ£ӢʦܳȥĻɱ 
ɵ¶ڿ˵ʵڲʲôϰû¾͵ˡ 

ǸʱԼһõĽ˰ɣ 
ǸĵƺûҵԽ 
Īתͷɽèӷʡ 
צӵļӷʻ亹ǹĿ⿴Ҹ 
ӷѽĪ΢ЦſèǲǺа 
æץ˵ţӷţߡ 
ĪȥһץסӷǷʺèӣ 
ﲻʺ⻪ĵŶĪ˵ţһèӣ£˸տĵطſè 
ӷֿʼװ޹һףĪа΢ЦӲģ죡ң 
ӷʱסԼԴˡЦô£ҲŲҪ 
ɣȻҸŶ 
ң϶ܿ 
èõĻ٣ 
ԽҾҲԣ 
ءӷʸɴס䡣 
ĪһӷʣɫӰɪɪķɽèϣаĴЦ 
·˼ˣΪֻèһͬᣡ 
Խɣ㻹Ǳ۸ֻèˣЦһһè䡣 



                  ڰ Ʒ




һһèͬʱתͷ֪ðĺꡣ 
ߴӰͻȻڼӷǰʱ˸ָмң񱼹ȥݺݲźĿţͲź׳ˣ 
ĪñֻĵèԸ¸ԼԽȴԥϾҪܶ࣬ǴˣָҲ 
ʦ֣˱ϾûָĿ죬һˣ۵ô죿 
޷˿ȥ 
ǡ 
ˣʦô˵Ǹᶯľͷûʲôõİɣ 
ãðɣ 
Īǰȥӻͳһ֪ʲôƤϸںսϲãŰڿơ 
꿴ԼϲĶеʲô 
ʩĪһʦ֣Ľһô죿 
߷߻ش𣺡ҵĽǧƷڱ˵ôɣ 
ҶҵĽҲİԸ߿Ƽİ 
Ī߸˽ݺȥͬʱָλŲŲסǸŵ翪ءONĪ밴¿غʱâʤ绡ڽ²ͣ죬ú꼸Ŀӡ 
èӷʣƲãҲһ㲻֪ܵȥˣȫԼ˵İΣ 
ĪоӴԿƵӴãԸ⣬ƻһУؽһУıһУյ 
ԡ 
Īƿأ˽Ŀġڿס۾ͬʱһʦ֣Сģ˵ţͷ 
ʶ̧͵ 
棬â̫ͬһҫֻۣñ˫ۣжҲڽ֮ͣ籬ըһ㣬âɢ˿ȥ 
Īſյ˫ۣһѽúõġ 
ջص֣⻪ƥĶԻǡһƷһѴ˵޵еĵȻ˭Ҳû˭ѷ춼ûУ 
ĪĶˡԼոջקĲУ룬ôۼû˼ҽϻ 
꿴ԼƽµĽĪͷοû뵽Ȼʹûϵ㷨ˣȻַܳ 
ô֪⡭ģ 
˵ģȫĵ˶֪ˣܶ˶ϣѽأ 
ͣװںӣʵ˳ɻûԼʹ 
Ī̺ݺݳͷͣ 
ĿҪѽ۵ѡεʱóãҲǲġ 
ĪԹĿһۺꡣʦֳ˷ʦ⣬ѵûȤ𣿡˵ţĵˡ 

û˼ͷšûжⰡĪʦܣ 
ĪûƵĻصԼСݣúüԼ 
һ·ϣĪ˺ܶ಻ű߼ʵĿԡʦͻȻָ֣ıӽУûϢСӣҰ㣬ȴûôİʵǶ˱ɵ棡ִյǰС˵ʦ壬Ҳòʵǰʦֶңʵ 
Īס¶ģһҪԴ⣬ҪⱻΪĶû 
صԺûصСݣͼһȺվСݵǰ໥֮䲻̸ͣʲô 
Īͦʣиʲô֮֮⣬Կô౾˾һأҲû룬ʹ˹ȥ 
Щ˼Īţǿ֪ˣ 
ҷ׷ΧУĪǰĪ룺˵ܸܲǿ 
ĪɨܣͬʦֶԶԶѼ״ѵλһͷīԼŮӣʦ㣡 
Լʲôʱôܻӭˣ治ϰߣ 
Ļ˵ģȫĵ˶֪ˣܶ˶ϣѽأҧгݵĺˡ 
ĪЦ󼸲תܣһŵĪʦܣ˵ʦ⡯㣬ϷҲʶʶ 
Īһӽŵֱͷ 
 
èצ߲յղҰɣ 



                  ھ ĪĶ




Ϣ೤жϢΪɲ⡣ƶʮ£ɫĳһ۳ĵٷ硣ӷɫ׵͸죬üëһǰɫۣͦһ׻ߣ 
ʱȴûκαʩڴˡ 
ʦֶĪˣʱľϹΪȻԣ˭ҲҶ˵һ䡣 
ĪתٺɵЦʩ񡣡ݼԽʦ֣ԭƷС⡯ 
ԽԸң޳ʱΪһС·Գʦʹʦ֣˭ҲƽٳԼӣȻƷȽˡ 
ҿԽһ˫ֱĪĽ㣬һҲøҲøı飬ĻᶼûС 
ĪֻùԹ˫ַϡ 
ԽĽӹϸ˿ֻ˻ӣע˷ԡ 
æ˰ҲûŪʲôķӦ 
£ѽڵϣĶŽ˼ 
վһ͵Խĵǵ۹еĹעʵĳɣʧ 
Ҳ֪ʱ˶ãԽûʲôӦֻվѽӻظĪ룬ţʦû˵ȻǸõļƷ˵ȴպڳ˰Ѽ´ӵʦ㶼õ 
ԽߺͬҲ׷׸ǣ¼ģΧĪ벻ߡŹ 
ĪʩһЦʦôʱ 
΢΢һЦ˵ص 
Ī빧˫Žϡ 
ְҵСͯˡ 
ЦǺַܿ 

Ҳϸ˽ȴûԽֻǵװƷһ͡ 
ڵһֱºͣÿ˵ʦǲϲӴŴ˵еǷ׷Χ˹ȥǰƯװƷĪվһҲǣҲǡ 
ѽĪ룬ζĿƷҪ⼸ʦֽ 
Ī붨ṼʦʲôⰡô֪ 
ЦЦˡתкЩĵǣǻȥμ۵𣿡 
ڵŲʲԸĸɢָ䣬ȫʧ 
ҲҴңȥҲҴңǾĵķ 
Ī봧һϰµСĸΣװ׵ĺͿ߿ţ׼ñӰԼᡣ 
»װƷ£ûԼʵСͿèӷʶԼıϳԼ޹ġһ 
ĪͷѾèΣյʱͰƲˣ 
Ժ 



                  ʮ Σնֳܽ




׶ɽ£д˽ɽȡɽȿտݲʱʱĻ׷̵ڵϣĿӡ 
ԾĲ룬˵޹룬ܵ˺Ͱڴýס˿ʯԻ׹ȡʲô֡ 
ɽƵףС˻˵ǺΣյģȴǵҲɶõʤأǲɶõľء 
ʮһ۵ᡪѡٰ죡 
еĲܴģʢᣬ˱еӺǵĵǲμӡ 
жҵģ;ôʮˡʮ˷飬ÿˣһˣֱսÿʤ߿ȥμ۵ᡣ˳óǩ 
˵ģĪ뱻鵽Ҳ˵һҪӮǩ鵽ͬĻðʦֶȻܽͻλʦֶ֮еʤߣг䡢װλʦֶеʤ˶սʤ߾Ϳȥ۵ᡣ 
ĪͿȥɽ¿һ 
ɽζſԳ㣬ͺߵľɹɳ̲ϵ̫Ӿ˧硭 
뵽㣬Ī뱧ǩЦȫܿһעĿ⡣ûԼûʵӮλʦֶ 
Ϸ뻹û꣬һֻ޳ͻȻļϡ 
Īŵüæͷԭǲɰסɰһɼȹͦθ˶ˡ 
ĪЦЦɰʦ㣬鵽һ鰡 
ɰһЦûлش𡣡˭һ鰡 
ðءܽͰװ 
û7 
ĪٺһЦ 
áɰױźĿ 
һֱû鵽λʦֽѾˡĪƤ۾ 
ðˡЩҲ̫ԼĴӦú׾̭ʦֲ̫ġɰ׿ŲԶĸߴ˵Ҫժһߴǿ׳װĪ롣ժʲôസ⣬ġ 
Īͷ 
Ǹܽ˿һͼŮĸ߸ŮӡŮһȹǳһЦŶ깳һһģͬţӶ 
ĪͲɰ׸ӲԾĿ˿Լǰ̾˿ 
ɰ׼˵ȥǸܽǸвĸĴС㣬ֻ֮ǲܷˣҲڷܵġ 

˵ĪǿԼӼȴûйšԶ 
ɱˣԽʦֶܴأɰԴɫ˵ǸҲʡ͵ĵơ 
Ī뿴ͰܽŮΨһźµŮӡ 
Ļʦ޹ 
治ҡĪǰһԼоɳ̲ԼԽԽԶˡ 
ɰĿԼСʦܡг䣬Сɽ޹һ𳤴ûеʱɽϻɽʦ״ķ 
Ī̧ͷһɫӰӡˢĴǰȥһϡһԭŽµĳ䵴ٴǰȥϣĵӻ֡ 
ĪҲ⣬ֵȥĵطȥˡ 
ɰװĪļ򣬰תŮ˶ȥŮߴߴĶǸߴ˧ˣһһƵۣϸüʱʱķŵ磬΢̵Ĵ¶ֺõ΢Ц 
ꡪװĴ鷳 
 
Ī밤ᣡƼղ 



                  ʮһ һֻð




װǸ˵еĻĺ꾫 
ĪЦЦͰװһ飬ֲԽأ 
ɰصЦЦļ򡣡รɣȻƮƮȻȥˡ 
ҶƮݰ 
Ī뿴Լһͨװ磬ɵСС̾˿ 
׹Ǹ˵󲻴˵ССɽȣɽȴݲ˵ʯͷûм飬 
ι۵ľֻԱӣվΧɽıڣĿмĴ򶷡Ȼ׷ǱزٵĶ 
Īðصıڵڶ硣Ī뻻һ£ĺеС˵Ѫķ緶ǰһ 
վڸͷϵĻðߣС 
ðһ£Կ·Ҳڸǲסʵģؿ½ɿ¶ʵؼ˫۵ӱ¶˶ĸ첲ûдκ 
֣ٺһЦһҾݼĪʦ塣 
þòˡĪ벻ӦĺٺЦЦȿʼɣ 
ôУСʦ塭ðֱȸܵ͵ĸ߶ȡ 
Цұ㰫 
ĪüǡôԴСأȿʼɣ 
͹ˣðشȭͷսĪ롣 
Ī뱳ֱһ㡣 
ȴڸ̣ͷǲ֪ʦصô 
ð漴ͦĹ򶼲͹ 
ĪҲûа꣬ͬҲΪֲ㣬ĪٶرĿ죬ѵԭ⣬˼ǧĴȻҲȹҪЩ̺ôҲߵ㣬Ȼ˱ȽϵЩ濴ʲôͻģڷӦٶȷ൱ġûк˶սľ飬ȴ޿ֵĲμӱԭ 
ðιɣЩơ 
ʱֳǩ鵽Ī룬лҵġҶ֪ôһսȴڷˣ˭ɽֻɽǱġƽʱӼͬв̫ۣ̫ۣ۷ôǺͨ 
Ҳܻŵ⣬һҲҪǿɣ 
ð˵ЩҪĿ۵ᣬʱڣ˾ˡ 
Իðس֣û飡 
ͻȻͣ·ĪüëٺһЦڿʼҪĴˣСʦ壡 

δ䣬ðٶȳȥָ֮䣬ʮƣдž簵ط֮ 
Ī밵ãͷõ˵Ƿ켫ĵز 
ðزƣȴݲȵĶûаš 
ԼҲò˼飬ѵһξͺöˣ 
ʵǡĪҲԼҲûз֣ô飬ж־Ҳǿöࡣ 
ĪķҲûʱ롣 
ѸٺˣԾɲǼͳһ׷˦ 
ðû뵽һ̩ɽӭûжȥʵʵıһҡҡλεĵز 
̩ɽⶫ˺һϣ̩ͬɽѹȻǱѹˣȻԶ˺ҪķѴ 
ðصأĪɵǰͷʵðʦֶ䣿 
ҡϡ䡭ðؼѵĿڣֻΡΡ̩ɽ 
Īʼ磬ԽΪίʦǡ 
ðزǼˣȻ˺̩ɽѸվֱӳĪ룬ֱĪԣ 



                  ʮ Ҳᶬߵ




Ī꣬ʶѲǳð˺̩ɽʱѾˡҲ֪ðػԶ䣬Ǳ͵Ϯ 
ðػûĪ͵Ϯ 
Ī΢΢̾˿һƫԾ˳׻ڻð 
ðѸתĹҲƻȭɲǼ䣬ðعʮȭȭ簵طУȭȭĪҪλ 
Īʡ͵ĵƣһһ㿪ûиȭصķĻᣬҲû 
ðزɴĵŭ룺ֻز㵱Ǽצӵèɣ 
²ɼӿٶȡ 
ô֪Ī뼸ûʵսľ飬ʦӽб¶ͳˣҲƮݡ̩ɽķӦʱġ 
ٶȼӿ죬ĪҪĶҲԽԽѣɼĿʼмǣֻҪһմȭ磬ͬĵӸһ㣬ʹо֮ǰͿʼѪˡٶԽԽ죬Ī˫۵˿ҲԽԽ࣬˽µĵϣѪȾ죬Ȼٱ̤ңѪɫӡ 
Ī룺ȥҲǰ취Щİ취ɡ 
ۿðι˫һܣһ㣬Լ忨ðص˫ȭ 
˶ͻȻͣ£סˡ 
ðһԳԼˣû뵽ĪСҲȻסĶ 
Īڵһʱסðأʱɼֲˡһƿðأ˲˳ȥӵʲôڵϣת㿪׻ 
Χ۵ľˣĿţ˻ĴŹǷֱĪסðصĶʱҲ𾪵ĿһעĿСꡣ 
ҶܿóļɣʵĺܣֵֻסðصĹõĻֱӰѻðƵȥҲʲôѵ¡ 
ɲӿƽƽõóļɣ 
߰ǰĳ˸ʿǰţиѶ£˼鷳⵽ȫ˼ĵΧˣŶʰǺĴɵ֣֪Ҫ˼䵽ʱţҲǻʱóš 
һߵίʦӢʦʮһʦ褺ʮʦԽޱĿĪ룬˼ʲô 
ժǿʱ಻סеļ𣺡Īʦܣ濴ôز¶ 
ɰԶԶģֹĭ䵽Լϡ 
ںٺЦšҵķܸ󡣡 
ôӦĪûע⣬ֻժʦֵĴС˵ѵ˿ô𣿡 
û˻ش⣬ֻлðسӿĹ 
ҲΪ˲ٻðصļһֻȻǲм֫Ӵֱӹȥ£ֻĪķţⷴʹðظӷŭ 
һ·ܹѸǴѸٳïëͻָ쳤ѸٱΪһͷһߵܣ 

ĪͷУʲôħޱ˰˵һ 
ðظߴһ㶼ӷף󲽳ȥ̤õض𶯡 
ĪԼһͨͨСĸΣѸڵ˸ʲô 
һһСһ׷һ㣬غĪͻȻͣУͣ 
ðȻͣ£Сʦ塣 
Īðʦֶ㶬컹ᶬ𣿡 
ðŭСʦ壬а겻ߣϻôࣿһצ 
Īʼ磬Ҳû㡣 
ðצӣصȥצȥģӴ 
ͨһðطŰ۵ڵϡĪһһ 
šղһžĺ䣿 
תߵˡ 
ίЦڵϻĺǻðزҲܲס 
Ķ׹ϷŵͳشҲ֪˵˭ 



                  ʮ ֵʦֶ




ðضĪ롣Īʤ 
սݵĽĪǳЦţ첲ϵˣôʹˡ 
صСݵ·ϣңңһվۣȡʦĪ뿪ĵСܹȥʩ˸ 
ʦ 
ߣĿ 
Ī뱻ʦ̬ˣһʱ䲻֪˵ʲôˡ 
ûĶ 
ҡӮﻹ˵û 
˽ϵµĴһ飬ȥ 
ûͷûβĪʴӣʦͻȻʧҲֻʼ磬صԼСݡ 
ݣغŴ˽硣ȥ£¶׾Ƥ;Ƶģʱ¶ĲӺƤִͬ὿صŴûȾĻ£ԭ͹ϸƤӵϸۣͬ˿ǵļһ㡣ֻ⼸Ƥ棬ķֲĸۣѪ 
ƺеʧѪɣ 
ӣͳҩ˽ȥøɾֽ򵥲˲˿ڣҲûаϱĿʼ 
ɫϼĺ¡˿ϣûκε˰̡ 
һ죬˫ۣ˿ȬĵĴ· 
˿ʱ⴫èĽ 
èˣԵ£治뿴 
ȻţĪ뻹Ǹè俪š룬èһͬģвɰס 
ɰʦ㣬ôˣĪ뿪ĵĿһȽϺϵʦ㡣 
ɽèӷԼȥһʵġ 
СĶֻд֮˶벻СڣɰҲû⣬󷽵ڴϡ 
ĪЦɰʦʲô𣿡 
ҼʦصȥѵˡɰЦţֵĪ롣 
ʦ˵ģҲĪţͷŪԼָͷ 

Ҳ֪ͻðؽֵǳɬ 
Һٺ˽֡ 
ǡҾͽ̽㣬κͱ˽ְɣɰ׺ٺһЦ 
Ī벻ɵô˸ս 
 
ĪڶսԻ 
ܽ뻳ĴĪΪɰ״ߣûпǴ˿ĪҵţҲҡҡ׹ 
˱׷Ī˿˿ĻᣬͿļƷͷһ˿ûκϧ 
ޱĶͬһֻ޴ĺɫĪ뻪Ľ֮䡣ҲûĪĵϷ̫ã˵ԶԶģѵķ䣬һ㽦ĪǰĪٺһЦ˫һӣ͸ݣոպݵԼ 
ûʲôЧͳһɫƤޣݺݵĳ˹ȥ͸ݱƤ޺ݺһ飬顣 
Ī뿴Ƥ޳˲䣬һ䣬˳ֽ˳ȥ򻳵档 
ˣĪлɳˣǰ 
ٳţ÷سɴ硣뻳ľ룬ָܵ 
еʱǰͣ 



                  ʮ Լȥ




°ĵʱ 
ŤĴӣƵеɢͻȻиɫ⳵б嵽ǰ棬Щײæɲһ˿ͼУ˾˼䣬λƵֿˡǰȻˮĵͻȻͣҵԭȥŴţôͻȻͣҵ 
ת·ڣߵ껹ǳţź䰡 
Сߵ꣬Сߡϰޱĸȵûˣİɣ 
ǻɶ˿ɣ 
Թһˮص¥ϡסһƾɵ¥¥䲻󣬾ֻһŴһһŵ 
͹ǷµģǺɶʮĶֻϵı͵ԣѧʱġ 
ܺʵů͡ڸﺮĶȹÿһҹٶȻУȹÿҹ 
üį 
ϲէ죬󣬶ůıµĵӾ硣 
֪ΪΣͻȻȥߡ 
¥ﻹʣµһٶʮǮȥϵ»˷ײ͡ڴǰݺ˿ڿ֣ÿݺݵҧһڡ 
泵ﲻ˭ʧˣ綼תȥ 
ʳȥадȡ˳̳ϴοеȹӾ̫ûһֱź 
ۻԱƵĿ»ǼҺɫѩȹӣ·˵Ŀ⡣Լأϸ޳ȣкҺɫѩĵӳ۰׵ķɫЦţһֱ˵ܰݳƷ 
һֱģֻ֪һֱڸš 
û·ϵĿ⣬ͳֻϤĺ룬æͽͨˣǱߴϤι 
һᣬǰ˲ģˮ˳վ 
裡 
ôҴ绰 
裡㣡 
ǲǮֲ 
裡 
ȥѧСﴩô٣ഩ㰡 
裡Ұ㣡 
ãҲܺãůˡҲ̫æ嶼ͦõġ 
裡֪һֱТ˳ҲûоȥͰְ֡׬ǮˣҪǮΪԺ϶лТ˳ġ 
ɶʱ˻һ㣬ʮģҷűﶳţԡ 
裡ˣ 
ǺãǺã֮ǰҴ绰ýȥ㣡 

裡 
ˮԽֹסĨˮ 
ֻ֣ɵ֡ 
ֻžһˡֻģĽ־ͬĲʻ沣˲ƬƬÿƬƬŤĴɢɲ˿ͼУȻˮĵͣҵߵûϲĲˡƬƬƬ価ԼȻ׵ɽͬŶΧܣĬĬ뻳ı 
ͷʹһͷʹ಻ѡ 
δɣĪ΢΢һЦлҸȥ𡣡 
俴㡭ʲôͷ 
Ī뿴Զߣ̾ĻǵǷ켫ϧֻʮӵļ䡭ⲻĴϾǧ̶ٻǱЩģ 
ѵսþͷˣ 
Ī뵭ȻһЦ 
һ̾ˡ 
Ī뱧ȭãҲȻתȥ 
俴ĪıӰૣʦǺ⣿˵ţ̾ 
Ī̤˽׹ȣҲֲ֧סˡʧѾõļһͻߣʹĴͻȻһţֹסûа취ǰߣţţĵȥ 
 
߿¥ܵ˾ţղغƼο 



                  ʮ è




Ī£һߴӰĪߡ 
Ǹߴˣһİӣ¶ɫĳ볤ͷ߰Ұ׿ݵ˫֣ĽĪ뱧ڻסȥ 
ڴϣǺñӣߣЦĪ롣 
ʱһˣ˶ڣҲûн 
˼ˣҲӡˣ˲żüã 
ߣʲôʱóˣ 
һϹͷżҲóɹɹ̫һЦ¶Өݡʮµϣ¶ϡеı顣 
ùѾͷ 
ĸңʼ硣ƺǱ˼䣬¸ɵĺ¡㻹ǼŰɣ 
ɴˣʡķ£ 
˼æ־ܾҿɲϡ 
ߣ鷳˷С 
˾ȻƤͷ˵ıӰ˸ 
 
Īʱɰ׾ڴߡ 
ɰЦЦʱúõģôͻȻͻ赹ˣ 
赹Īʹͷôˣ 
㡭ӽ׹ȳ赹ˡɰײŵĿ 
ҾͼҺͻ֡Ͳǵˡ 
ʧĶž𣿡ɰ׶һۡ 
ĪٺЦšɰʦ㣬ô° 
ɰ״ͳһ۽һ㰡ͻ֣ͻȻվŲˣ۴ͣǻΪ˻С 
ĪչȥҲ˿۽ԡȻأ 
ɰ׵һۡȻͿʼ 
ҿʲô۽һš 
˭֪ʲôɰͳһ۽˳ôʳֲϳ˾ 

ҲϲʳɣĪ밵˭ұϻǸŮأأ 
ѹʱͷǻʧˡ 
Ҳ˵˻ĻȻӻˣĪ뿪ĵĴӴϱôѻģ 
֪֮˵ʲôлȥ𣬻ʲô̱ʲôģʲô 
Ҳ˵塣Īʼ硣ˡ 
Ȼˣͱˡɰװ۽Żӡһʱʼ㻹ȳԵ㶫Ͽȥɣȥˡǣ˵ţҴߵˡ 
ԶʲôأĪеθ߶Żν 
߲ͨ˵ĵطտҲҲʣһ 
԰һ԰߲ˣûбٹȵʳá 
ʹĪأǴȥ԰ժײԡûţèӷʵ 
ĪˣЦø⿪ġ֪ӦóԵʲôˣ 
ڼӷʿĪߴͶӰԼֵʵʵģЦøè 
ˣ㲻Ҫҵɣ 
ٺٺ١ 



                  ʮ 򲻻ļ




ԵĪɢ׹ȡ 
ɱ߱ΪڣĪ⡣ҲͬſһĿ⣬ӽóӣ£ͳСӣ׼ྱ߿ɰ׼ˣҲͳ¡ 
׼ˣҶվţҲû˼¡ɰͳ۽һԡ 
۽Ŷǻų԰ɣ˵ţĪץѹӹȥȻԼü۽ԡ 
û뵽ƤǺܺ񰡣ʦֶվģɰ׿ԶĴʦ֣ȵվţ˽̸ 
ʦھνĪѹӿװֽС˭ǲԼҸطţ 
Ϊߣ㻹ǹģ۵˹ 
Īͷһǻ֪ʲôʱԱߡԼ˺ֵḶ́Ҳûʲôεģѹӵ˹ȥ 
Ӳһ£̧ͷĪ롣 
ץѳ԰ɣĪ뿴񵭵ģȻǺֿ 
ӵ֣ССץ˼š 
ĪǲͷԼץһѣѻϸ۵̯ȫ 
˫Źӣ˰ΣǸĪʦ壬ô԰ 
ųͰװϴŽֵĪڷ⣬ԴӽͳһСƬֽ۳ֽݸʾŽֽ 
һ£ѹӷŽֽһţһյ治֪ӵеʲôôֵ뷨 
Ī붢ٶȿ׵ĳ䶺ŪŰװæŰѹƤ³ȿԽȥջ졣㲻ǿ𣿡 
㲻𣿡ǿ˽֣żĪ 
ܰѼһɣĪͻȻתͷ濴Ż 
£ŵĹƤ֣ϡƽǧ 
ػĪסˡ˵裬̰ô£ 
俴һۣһڼۣ 
ôлƽ𡣡Ī죬תͷſװĴ򶷡 
һڳϲͣƶ˵ĿⶼǿȻװҲܽϣÿιó佫Ҫλ֮ǰʩչϧÿζ˹ȥģʽȫĪͻðصǳơĵϷûάֶãܿ죬ĶװϷŪ°ͣǱգó䱾ͮͮСϣͬȼһ㡣 
ԣĪ޺޵һڹƤ 
ʲôʾ⡣ 
ڽֵʱڵϻҵר 
רʲô 
ҲˡĪͷùķ 
ǵǣʾһװ 
ɰȴΪȻȻ˿սͲֹã 

ۣĪҲ˵ʲôֻùԹԱྐྵӡ 
ʱڰУװǰٺһЦɣʦã 
һС䣡ҡٲˣ 
װչȥҪϳ𣿡 
ͷȥ 
װҲûмϷԼ˵أͷſ˳䡣 
һ⿪ಣһûӰ 
ֿ꣬ѹǣҲǳʳɰסĪͻʱԼİӣʳ׼˳Ժɨһˣû˵ʲô뿪 
װȴûȥĪ룬һ֡Сʦ壡˵ϳˣ 
Īش𣬻ش𡣡ôû˵ˣ 
װɫɨһĪ롣ȻСʦıˡװ²ˣǣϣһԵĲɰʩ˸תˡ 
Ī뿴ɰסɰʦ㣬ᱡô𣿡 
ɰʼ磬û˵ʲô 
 
ĵĿգﲻ֪ЩʲôĪ͵µĴչȥ͵͵ղؾϲûֽղؾϲûֽղؾϲûֽ 



                  ʮ ʦֵ




صԼСݣĪϸϸع֮ǰ뻳һֻʣðؽֵһɰʦĿð˾Ǳ׾ķʽ֣ŵսҲûʲôδ۸ߵ͵ģֻ۵ּ䶷۵Ҫ似ͶЩɾ͸ҪȻûлῴ˵ıͶųͰװͺãһıҲûʲôµļɿѧϰοװԼùսԸ䣬ûжԼʵλεƣز¶֤ 
һ뵽ıĪ̲סҪ̾ 
ˣΪʲô̾ӷʴӳγĪڷգĪ֡ 
Ī뱧ӷʣͷëӷʣǼܴùװʦֶˣ 
ΪʲôҪİװʦֶܣ 
ӮͿԳȥˣ 
ʲôã 
д󺣣ɳ̲дӡиɽгСʳСҵˣǸ֪ʵǹ 
Ϊʲô㣿 
Ϊ֪Ѿ뿪˼ 
ñ 
ߵʱûа취֪ 
Ϊʲô֪ 
ʱĪ̾˿ʱԼأڴϳ˯˽һ£ѹʱģΪֹҲûص˼䡣 
Ҳ֪ǲСôԻ˼䣿ϣȥ磬ûЩһɱ̰ɣ 
˲˰ 
ĪͷèžһèͷΪһ֪£һֻ̰ԣԵ𣿡 
ӷʱŶСôҲùѵͲǻԵ 
ԼĪپ޻˵ֺݺһ¼ӷʵķƨйߡ 
Ȼް취ԸװֻȥѰʦǲˣʦﵹǿԿ 
ƢܺõĴʦ֣ĪҴҸȥʦǸڵµ 
սڣ洫ֵʦ֡ʹ 

һ¡ 
ĪٺƤҲ̲סСİԼͨСĸΣŵȥ 
ƺûв˽ӽ 
šǺ 
ô 
ܡܺð 
סĪ̽ͷ̽ 
춴ڵķ羰ɵɽۣԶɽһͥԺ߷ܣǳ󺬻첻Ĵ 
Īҧָ֪ǸóȥǸȥ 
˭ˣʦֵңң 
ǡңĪ룡⣡ˡ 



                  ʮ ˵иְװ




ҡӢ˵ꡣûж˺һżʦִҴҸ 
ʦ֡Īһʱ֪˵ʲôá 
ӢϿʲô״΢Цʵʲôң 
ǸͰװбʴʦô죡Īͷ֪á 
ǽȥ˵ɣ 
ȥĪ뿴Ӣ̹Ȼð 
Ӣ·ԾͥԺͥԺ룬ʯ棬һšһϣűƷţĪˣк¡ 
ʦ֣ҲڰĪ¡ 
Ҵʦá 
ŶĪ밵еô 
ӢҲ£Ī롣ʲô£ 
ҺͰװбʦҲ֪ƽʱô˽֣޷ܰװҾû취ɽȥ˼ 
ûװСеٮٮߣĪҪſϡ 
װȷʵѵõǿߣĪҲбûеŵ㰡ӢĿĪ롣 
Ī밵ϲʲôŵ㰡 
´ŵǱ˲֪ʵϾҲûô˭ֹ 
ʦ֣˵ҵŵ𣿡Ī߷ߵꡣ 
ͷȥ 
Ӣ΢Ц˵ûĪ룬ҲǸŵˣ 
ĪԸɴ졣 
װģӢֱĪ롣ܴʵ̫ˣԣǰѼ򵥵Ūĺܸӣ 
ŶĪƶǶĿŴʦ֡ 
ģ㵽ʱ֪ˣ 
ѵԼ̶ӷʳˣôʦ˵ʲô 
ĪͿǣͿĻȥСݣͿһҹεڶ죬Ϳվ˽׹ȣװš 
װһ£ŰѥȾһƷɽ̬ͦΣٷ磬һ! 

ĪӽаѼƷóҲûĽɴ 
ʦ壬룡װĪһͣǱɫԣǰδеû뵽ԼԵһƱŮӣСʦһҲԼԵˣ 
ŶĪҲûͷһ 
װ⣬̷ʮбУܵһбУὣ˹ȥ 
ĪҲû뵽ô࣬ɴִֱƴˣͷһûκαУݺݵĿȥûаκμɣҲûκκС 
װɲô룬ĪĽװıǼʱʶԼĲֻǱĹ 
ĪҲǺ⣬˿Լǰнӹʶ㿪ġĪˣʦӢĻܴʵ̫ˣԣǰѼ򵥵Ūĺܸӣ 
ûװΪԼĽбУԲ㣡ôһУҪбˣ 
ĪûװϢĻᣬһ׷ӭͷ˹ȥ 
װ׷ֱӷת㣬û뵽׷ڿɢסװӵķ򣬴ʱĪг˷ؿаװؿڣװ޷Ӧ䣬ɳȥɢ׷ͷͼ׹ʱ׹εùս˾ߣֱӡ 
׻󣬾ͼװѾ²壬Ŀڣͷɢңſڵϡ 
Ī˰죬ҲСŲȥýСĴװҲӦôױ㶨ɣ 
װûлش 
ĪӽͳۣڰװϣһŮӳۡ 
Īʤ 



                  ʮ Īʤ




Īʤ˰װ 
սͬŲţĪԼš 
Ī뿴ԼûпͿ˲ᣬԵľõĵԼ԰װĹֻпһӶѣϲֵķҲڵʱͶ㲻׷ɣ 
װķ˿һ¶ĪȡӼӳӵ̬ȣĪʤʱųװҲ֪˷ܻģӵĪĸϵְۣ˽ŵİ˻ԼСȥˡ 
ɰΪ¼Ϊʮ¼֮ģǰûз 
ժǵɴ۾ȥ֮ǰԼʦ̫ܽˣܿġ 
Ҳ⣬ΧתȦͳֽʼЩʲôȻ֪ʲôȥˡ 
ȴûбֻ̬·ĪԵʱ򣬵Լʦֶ´βҪôˣҿװȽʹ򡣡˵Ҳȥˡ 
ûְĪıӰ޹ĽС 
ߡô裬ôߵķǲ˵꣬Ҳȥ 
ҡ˵ķӦԼǳǿǸ 
ĪֻõͷĬĬԼȥﷴʡ 
ǶڽﻭȦȦȴ̲ס͵Ц 
ڿԳȥˡӮˡҲӮġ˵ʲô㣬ߵľɳ̲ϵ̫Ӿ˧硭󡭡Ҳȥ㰡һȥġ 
߶ʲô֪ʱԱߡĪѾӦ˻ϢͻȻֺͻȻȥǱŵڵϡ 
֡ 
ôôô״ܰװأĿĪ롣 
˵ȡʤġǰװǶ۽һ¾޷ֿˣֻ˵̫⣬ûзԼͻȻУоǡ̫ˡ 
ĪӵվȹϵĲмͳ¡ 
ƤǺܺ񰡣ҶվţһŰ 

Ī뿴ܣ½½ģսͬźͶսͬŲ֪ʲôʱ򶼻͸λˣίҲ׷׻صƽʱսĵص㡣 
ڼֻԼһֱθ㶨֣¡ȻԼһϡͿʤˣԸɴ࿴һˡ 
ҲĪͳʳôִڱڲǴڡ˵ţ˿Ƿ 
ʱԱ˼ 
һֱû볡ɰ״չҲͳӺʳĪһߡ 
Ī뿴˿ɰףֿ˿ӽͳӣݸ 
ţһ£ӹ¡ɴԼĪʳԼϲĳԡ 
ĪϰԼĶӶᣬɴ඼̯˿ȴ㣬ȥɰ׿ڴﶼʲôʳкܶ۽ 
ϴαԹˣȥģɰײ䲻ȵĿĪ룬һҲడı顣 
ĪԼ죬ʵʵĿ 



                  ڶʮ ˵л




һս 
ĵӣĵӻ϶Ůԡ 
һɴ£սģ̬ȴһ 
Ǻ죬ʹк 
ŮҲ΢΢һϹǼһưĴ˾˹ȥ 
һھԶʧˡ 
һĹȥһ˽һˣԴԴĹȥ 
Ҳңɵÿˡ 
һֵˮ˹Ȼɵ¡ 
Ī뿴ɰסڴ𣿡 
ĳֻǵй߰ɰ״ӽͳ͸İƴĲͳ˸۴Ĳ豭ȵýζ 
ʲôᰡĪɴ۾ʮֺ档 
ˬƳһۡǸŮˣϲ˭ãҪϲʦ壡 
뵽ӢʦĪҲͬĵͷ 
ɰͻȻеСģ 
˻Ϊʲôͷæս˭֪ӭһ˴ͷ 
ɰһԵõƷ裬ϰˮûմ 
ɰʦ㣡ĪεĽС 
ǰɰ޹ЦЦ 
ָսȻҴ򶷵ˣǣ˵ţ飡һʧ 
ðɣҲȥĪһһըסԭ׷ˮˣԼȥҲҪʱ̶ըסֲûô죡 
ɰ׻ӻ֡ 
ĪûֱӻصԼСݣȥ˳ȥȪϴɾȴԼûԻ 
ֻýзèӷʸԼ· 
֮ǩԼԱ֤Զܲޡ 
ϼӷʵЧʻͦߣһʱͰ·ȡˡ 
ĪǷèȥȪ 
ӷȡ·ǰɫžջƵӣž;üֵƣۺɫɴչһŮװ 
èĪУ 
 
 
ǽҸ 
õʲô· 
ӻҪ· 

ΪԼǱ̬˰ɣ㣡Ҫʲô· 
· 
˼ҲҪģӵ㻹ң 
˵ɫ޵·Ҳµģ͸ 
⡭ɫˣ뵽Զһ¾ˡ 
ˣȴţȥٻ·ɣĪ뻻˵ɫ޵ŮװҲƯķֻͣðͷɢѰ˸ˮգԼôƯ 
״δŮװĪŷèӷʣЦñȻޡ 
ӷС죺ͺϲ 
ĪһץèĺӰ۾ǲ֪Ůģ 
Լʱ֪ 
˵ȥˣ֪𣿡 
èð亹ҡ֪ 
ߣĪ·è 
ӷצš֪ôףҾͲ 
ҲҪĺòãںڣ 
ĪŮװﻹǷǳĵģȻΪʦ۷Ĺϵ 
ĵĴһϣƮһϣڷˣƮȻȥ᲻ûȥˡ 



                  ڶʮһ ɽ




װ˵һֱ˳졣ںû֮ǰ޵֣ĴƺİĽš˳޳˾£ʮ꣬ͬǶ֣ͬͬŮĽš 
μ۵ѡΣҲǽʤ飬ðǸɵϰܽǸŮټϳǺӣһҲԼĶ֡Ը鷳㣬ǸĪ룬ôǸϲ񣡴ŵʱ˺ʦΪͽѾͽˣǲ֪ԭĪΪͽ˵ΪͽܣȫľֻóȥҲûʲô̵ĪʦǳĺܡȻָ߼ķûиķΪҲ㲻ʲôġ 
ǣ״ܵļһȻȻôķ 
ǱһѶ۽жѣȻȻͱ̴Σ 
Ĳ 
װ뵽ҧһ 
װ硭ɫòǲ˴ʹˣŮߣװһǿ΢Ц 
ʦ֡ҩŮСĶһͨ룬ʢīɫҩ֭൱ 
Ů΢ЦŮ˵ãװѾҽˣ 
ףʦֵʦŶʯ֮ҲòҽΡοͬ꣬ҿɸʲô㣡 
ã˵ôԺǻҪദأ 
ףΪʦֶɫ˼ǿ㣬ϼ˫ޡʦֶ˭Ǻģ 
ΪҲ֪Ҳ԰װͼı졭 
װ硭ˣˣ˶Ի 
˺һϣװһֱûǲİɣ 
ǣϿտգˡ 
װܲģôͷһôġ 
˵Ķðֻóɽ͸͸ 
˲أһ󣬻٣ѪѾͨްˡ 
˵صģ 
Լ˵ģһǻУС·ͷĿĻš 
֪ҹС·Ҳ˾ͷ̧ͷǰסˡ 

ɽеԲͺ¹ӳ£ͬһ㣬ӳ˸㲻Σλõ 
ôװ齥ƽߣѰɾĲƺ£ͳӣһ 
ɽԼиǸ飬ǸŮӡ 
ӽװһϲš 
ûεʱʥʤ޳ŮҪ**֮˶벻ãƲɽд֮ǸҪд 
߿ŮӶǸŮɣתŮӣǸĴŮӡʣŮӶǸŻŮӣн磬ͨ˸οɽɽƶͣŵĵطҲڴɻ֮ˣֶǲ˽ۣŮӶǱ֮ˣ 
ǡû˵д˰ʷƾãڶ࣬ɽӵĸû˵ûĵҲ١ 
װ˼䣬ƮƮĸһ 
ӰȷǸŮӣ͸¹⣬ȣ̬š֮ǻƺܡ 
װͻ˼ˣں߿š 
ŮӷںߣԺˮΪͷ 
װԼֻɫӣӶûɢͷͣ⣬ʹúеĻԼɫӣͷÿҲ֪ǷΣˣ 
òˣŰֲŮӡ 



                  ڶʮ ܾŵĪ




Īܿġ 
ΪСĴ֮ͬеĸ֣׼ӷʼ·ҲǿֵԴ֮һ 
ΥŮװ֮ȻŮζ 
ĵĳŸ裬ּȥ¶ףԼʤ 
εʱЩˣѰ˸ɽͣ£û뵽ɽȾӯԲεĺҲò˼顣 
ε˰죬ͷ׼»ȥ˯Ϳһɽˡ 
ҹȴвгĽŲ 
ĪͷһͷɢֻһɫӵˣӰ 
Ī뱻ݺһ 
ôɽﻹб¶壿 
ۣĴһæһ۹壬ȻͷҲأѸܵˡ 
ˡװżԶȥֲ֪η¡ 
Լôƥôܰŵô죿 
ԼܴģſߣԼöŻγòôԼӣ 
Լ۾ʩ˱ȻûκεЧ 
ɽȣӯҹ½ʣɫԽʶ󿪣ûиеκβס 
װȴû˼ԳȮƵеżȥķ׷ȥ 
 
Īһ·ۣ޲ö೤ȣǸ˶ĵĹ塣 
ʮ⣬ҲĨȥǷݲڡ 
Ȼ֣·ˡ 
ԴϴαСֽţڲƽ·Ҳû·ȻھɽϲĹ涨йء 

ĲƽǣϵɽӴɽָԻ̲챦¡ĸûǾɽеľͲ¼١ 
Щˣ㲻ңҲˣ˭ǵĽ磬ƻǵǿɲ 
Ȼ·ĪͲܲԼǽλ˵ء 
Сߣʶ󿪣´ʲôֵĻءʦѵĺ֢ 
ƹɽ壬ȻָͷĺղͬӾһɽϣߵٲ˶͸ɽͼĿ϶ӳٲɵˮſͬ²ɵ飬Ķ 
ĪһеĲ죬Ǹƹĺװĵý̽ˮһƬ¶Ƚϻǳ̲ 
ˮñ 
ͨˣȻܲס⡣ĪڿɲʲôͨˣǸʳùǧ˲ιɾ״˶ĵҡ 
ˮǵ˵㲻ʲô 
СĵɨܣˣЬ࣬ˮУԹÿġ 
ˮҲ֣ܵнγУ˲ˣϷˮĪľ˽ȥ 



                  ڶʮ ¶




Īս۾ȫɣ˳ˮߡ 
ոմֻüͱߡ 
еţ¡Ͼ޷˵飬ҲֻǷΪģɽеӵĸˡ 
ˮܿ죬ǷĴлٶȣеܹһʱ䡣 
ܿ죬оķæ۾ء 
Լˮ£ˮΪ֮ص񷶥¹͸ˮӳ롣 
ˮ񷶥棬ǸԲδҹ飬ĵ̺ԶһԲʯʡ¯̴Ƣһֻӡ 
أ 
ĪĴѰҲڡ 
Ǻǣ𣿡 
ĪĻͷ֪ʲôʱһߴˣһۣۣӣͨŮ˻Ҫ֡ 
˾Īͻֺ赹СݵˡҲ˰Ǹˡ 
ǵʱĪԣȻûӡ 
Īϸе졣 
𣿡Цʡ 
ǰ찡ǰĪϸ 
ǰҰ𡣡 
񣿡ĪʱȻ𾴡 
Ŷģ糤ģͷޱߵ尡 
ɽʲôУ嶼а 
Ǻǣ̫Բ£ϲ衣ɣ 
ĪȻȥ£ϸ˵߲ʵԽԽޣԽԽ죬벻˭ֻãԼôԶԶϵ̧ͷ͸ˮ񷶥档ɽȾɫ 
䣬ҲΪȻɽУˮʢģˡ 
Ҵİ񡭡 
£ҿ濪ĵĺܣ𣿡 
£Ī۾ϴ˵ΪǴȱ󡣡 
Ǻǣ⻰ȡ˰𡣡裬Ǵʦģ 
ȱ˻ã 
ĪͷĬĬ˿ڲ衣㣡һڣڻ㣬ȴǶò裬ôŮ˲ϲ⡣ 
ĿĿĪƷ裬ĪֵֹģôӦǺԼͣȴһĿ⿴ԼôŤ 

Լǲ࣬Ժ˾ϰˡ 
ͳȥ۵Ĵ˰ɣʡ 
Ҳ֪۵£ 
Ҳʱȥ 
Īʵ벻˳ȥʱʲôӣ꽻ӵʱ 
뵽Ҫȥ۵ᣬͻȻ۵ᣬڿԳȥˡ 
Ҳȥ氡 
˻𣿡 
ҲҪ鰡ָĪ뵹˱衣 
ǣһ°ɣ˵꣬Īеˣ˼а취۲ԼȫǶడ 
Ц۾ʱ䣬ͷӾͺˡ 
һһã 
Ī̧ͷϦбɫ磬ǡ 
˦䣬Ī˫ۣס˳ˮԼذϡ 
ȥ΢΢̾ 



                  ڶʮ 뿪˾




£ǰ 
815Ҳ죬ȫΪشɽʯͬĬشͣһ졣ԸͬϢԸʧȥ˵ܼͬǿվ 
 
̫ʣĪȴȲһУ׼ˡ 
ҵļϵصǾǰĴԺĪѻȥһŮװغںװǸʮꡣ 
Ķ˽ӣֻֻè 
˲ãͼȻֻɫĺ 
Ҳһȥ𣿡Ī㶵ʡ 
ΪֻǼӮ˵Ŀȥ𣿡 
𣿡 
俴һۡ۵ܲμ䶷ľֻǼӮ˵ģǹۿĻɢʿҲȥ 
ҲȥҴ𣿡 
ôġǼ޵·𣿡 
·ްɣ˵еģôܴŮװ 
ƭˣ϶͵͵ˣ 
ûУ 
ҪСһԴôģǱĶǹֵֹ𣿡 
Сӡֵֹġ 
ĪԶԡǱġ⼸֣ССһ£ԶڵϻȦȦ 
ҲһߣȦ 
ûԹ԰Ųҽˡ 
ȻͬһŵģܶĪ벢ʶҲЩʶģҲ˵ 
ңңժʦֹ߸ŻèСеĹˡĪʦܣ 
Ī񡣡ժʦ֣磡 
û뵽ժߵĻèŵСǰצһ죬èӷʦ 
ӷʣšһ 
ĪŶӴЦӷ㻹ͽܣ 
èŵ̧ͷǰʦСèķţ²ɭгԱʦĴ£û 
Ī𾪲ѡ㡭ûС֮ǰǶ󣿡 
èӿ壬ͷţèɻХתۼ仨èǴ󣬱ͷ׶ͷƵİ׻ 
ժ׻ͷ֪ͼҵȵı֣ 
ժʦֵİ׻ǿɰɰײ֪ðɦ׻ĵ°͡׻ܡ 

ѵèƶϲ˼°ͣ 
ĪҲȥ׻׻˳Щȥ 
ӷڵҲ飡һ£ɻСֻǶͷûǸ־Ե֡ 
һһèվһ𣬻Ǻϳԭ 
ΧһһèŴҵ롣 
ʱװ֣ΧŮס 
ŮǶ죬װȴЩʧǡ 
ŵʲô˳ζȴĪ룬һԵӬı飬ͷȴʱ̧ͷȥ 
ʦӢ˻룬һȣУ׷ 
Ī𣬼ӷʵҲ 
ãʡ˷ѷˡ 
Ī벻ڼӷʱϣһһèա 
ժǳŰ׻ǲС 
Ī뿴Լ˶궼δ뿪ĵطȻһ˿ᡣԼɵȴ벻ϤĵطԼҲ޷һ 
нԶۼȴԼһͯվԺУңң֡ 
ĪҲ֣ط 
 
ˣֽĪײ磬һؼ䣬׷顣ϲƷĸλղء 



                  
 
һ ̽Ѱȥʱ




ƶ֮ϣ¶ȽͣĿڣƺͷҲ١ 
ƲϷƶϽߣȴ©ЩȥҪϵĽ 
Ī͸ƼĿ϶͵˼䣬ֻģĿһƬɫֲɽǺҲҲ켣˼ʱǸΨһмСǡ 
ļӷʣӷ̧ͷҪȥһ𣿺 
㳤ôë䣿ĪקһѼӷʺ󾱵ë 
ǶĶô䣬Ǹ̰ͼݵļһ 
ӷʻǸСȻ˷Ҳ 
ԭӷҲƨĪ˳˳ëȥƲ棬ͻһɣ 
ǳЦˣôϲһ 
ĪٺһЦ֪ŮʵȴΪڸܡοƺ֪ҵȻҪúദˣ 
ӷҲ֪˵ŮݣҲûи߱ˣ˻۸ӷ 
ϻôϿȥĪקסӷʵĶ䣬ߴ㡣 
ӷʲҶԣѸ䣬ѰĻ 
èϣƳĪһۡ㻹ǹģѽҲò𣿡 
Ī벢㲻ܻݴ𣿡 
ûʲôʻʺɣ˵ţָָǰ档ʦأ 
ҴʦȥˣĪ򻳵ӻ֣èƨɡ 
ӷʻ⣬ӿٶȣڶм䣬ҵӢ 
ʦ֣ң 
ӢżӴŵļӷʣ΢΢˳顣Ī룬ոȥˣ 

Īָָ档 
·ƽǣȥɣ˵ţͳɫƴƣݸĪ롣Сָƽǣƴָء 
̵ĻǸĪϼλĳõķ󣬺ָǣԶλһλöһ򡣾ٸ˵Ŀĵرָ򱱾ôĸ䣬ⷨ󶼻ָ򱱾˱ĵؽ磬ϵķʧǸָܷ·豸 
ĪӹƣһᣬмĿŴʦ֡ҡҡȴ֪˵ʲôá 
ոգҲûȥƽǿȥˣޣתͶ̥ʢѹȥսչ˾ݴ½ÿһطǸԼ˻زסһССéݡ 
ĪǸΪֻ޷ꣻ˵ȴ¶빷ĿɰǸͰȴ˵һ仰ıꡭǸҪȥꡣ 
ǣʦ֣ȥˡ 
Ӣļǰȥˡ 
Ī󷨣Ʒ೤̹⣬ָŶϷļӷʵƨɣ⡣ӷʣˣ򣡡 
֪ˣˣǳ 



                  ڶ ˷ǵС




˷ǣǸƽǣСƽǡ 
ŮװĪ뻳ԭļӷʣûȺС 
սңƫڱءأϵʿȺС 
ǵϣࡣ 
£ıеĲ֣ҵĺķ˷ϡǵǸӴµĸԺѾǣ߶ϻҲסЩˣԼ͹ưҩζζʬĳζС 
ĪĽ룬ǰ˵ĸۡѾ֮ԺɡæżʮƼݣõŮ˽ľ͵û 
ڵϵݵüΣͣĿԣȳѪҲֹסԡ 
ĳ棬ĪᣬȥæѸӰҩ͸ˡӱˣһ޳У硢ϸ֫޳վǸһôôأ 
λӡĪ˵ļ硣 
ûж˺ҩŻվĪ룬Ǿȡʲô£ 
ֵĪ뾪ˡòǺ 
ǣڰǰޣǺϢǡͶ̥תĺ 
ϴˡ 
ԲϴɻҲϴ 
ĪͻȻԼ뷨ôֵֹģҲû롣 
ӦáϴˡСŮӼֳΪơ 
ЦЦת˳ 
ĪҲȥ 
ѱ죬Ŵ̨һﰾҩɰĻСĵİҩ 
ȥСϣѰȸҩ̿ȷ硣 
ĪߣǻǸװԵļӷܲסˣѣĪֻ÷ſһĿ񱼳ȥ 
һһèݸôڣ 
æĪҲѰȣ 
ķҩͺˡ 
Ī뿴ѧٶȡ 
ˡСŮͻòСŮӼֳƣҲԵʹ䣿 
ʩһ񡣡⣬һ֡ 
Ϥֵġ벻˭֣ǾָǸŮӵ䡣˴޹أһŮѡ 
СŮĪҲһ֡ 
ֺر𰡣 
Ϊ˵ 
Ī뽩ЦӵĶֿ䡣 
ĪôȥҩҪˡ 
ĪСٶȡ 

ĪҲصЩ𣿡 
ǡǰţӦǸҹӣô𽵹ˣ 
⻰ͲˡҲڵȻЩáͬˣЩ񲻹ˮβƽǣҵȻҪӼǡ 
ȻǴˣǰˣˡ 
ӱˣ֮ 
ˡӳΡ 
֪ߣԸҲ˰ 
ĪȻֺĸо̿Ӵȣ𼱴ٵĽŲ 
޵Ѿãָѵ̽Ϣͨ̽Ϣ 
ǼٵĽŲֱ 
Ҳæͷ 
ӣŲһСˣüĿ㡣˺Զ˰죬˵ϡүڸڣƢӿȥɣ 
ãҩѼãȡȻȥЩҩι˷£©ĸҶ㡣 
 
԰գĪʩǣȥˡ 
˸֮ҡ 
С˵ʲôǸСʵ 
ûʲôĪҲֱȥ 
СƲƲ죬Ѱ˼ôҩȥˡ 



                   ֵĺСͯ




ĪûйСΣԹǰ 
˼ҷҩڼ£żԣ 
Īͳŵҩ˼ҵ˻۾ҳԵʲô 
ⲡ֢βˣⵤҩҲǿĺô 
ﲻҪ˷ˣҲŲ˶ˣתүĴ±ӳ 
˼ҪԼȥүĪǿЦЦûбͬ顣 
ⵤҩﺬҰɽΣǿ壬ͨ˵ĹЧ 
߷ҩ֮󣬾һЩҲᣬ 
Ī 
ʱСҩ͹ 
ԹҩˡĪ뵭ѡ 
ŶһҩȥĲÿ˷ҩſڷ 
ȴƵԶԶģסڱǣ´ȾȥʼĥôԼŪסڱǵĶ 
ĪǺҰɽεĵÿ˷һš 
ˡ˵λô˵ļͣʹλ˸еģ 
Сӻͦģ 
ĪҪѵ⣬ſȴСӵĽ߳۵СӣСүȥɻιҩɨһУ 
⻰һ㣬ӹҩֱͦͦȥιҩȥˡ 

ſڽһͯӣԼˡӣһͷ߰ӲֱͷԺβһıӡԲཱུӣۣǺɫĳ¶СƤѥӡСһСһ֪ΪΣȴЩ졣 
ĪԼĹѾˣѾʼϰʱʱĳֵ˻ 
⺢ӣһŨȻˣҲ 
ⲻ֪ϸĸˣĪԼ֪˵Щʲôͯȿ˿ڡλ㣬Сү۵Сӳͷ˵ɣ 
ֹ֮Ҳ˹˵Ż£Сӻɣ 
ͯӰͷСүԳؼЩҲʲôڽķϣСүͲ׷ˣ 
лСӣĪǰȥͯ߰ͷ 
ͯȻϲµ˿ȥɨȥˡ 
Īʧ֣ͯӵıӰεĴ֡ 
ָͯɨĪĽŵףĪ뱻ϵ޴ţԼڴ˴ֻ࣬Ȼȥ 
վĸۡſڣһۣת⣬Ҳûûͷ 



                   Сµɽ




ƽ⣬СˮҰ࣬ǰ治Զũũ 
յũѾߣգѲӰݴʱʱ߳ͷǣСġ 
䣬Ʊ仯Ѱ˰գҲûҵɽºéݡ 
ɫϦ£ĪѰũҴս֮󣬴䶼䣬û˼Ϣ֮ 
û취Ѱ˸ĵš 
ݽ˸󶴣ɫڣǱĺۼ²ֹ 
ĪǴʲôڴˣˣλҲǹ׵ģ 
ɫѺڣʮָ壬ҵطϢ뷨ԼôҲƵʿôη£ 
Թ˵۵ţаĽ磬¼ҹ飬ִӽͳޱڴɨɾĵϡ˿ı佾ߵϰߡ 
ʪȣ˰̾ܲסˣͳϯޱϱߣ¡˯ȥ 
˯ҹԽԽ䡣˯ȴо䡣 
ⷬڣ˯˰ˡ 
΢۾С¶죬͵͵ܡ˫ַˣ׼˰ļһһζȥʲôոɾ 
Ŀ֮һƬڣĴһƬŨҹ͵ĹҲ 
ĪϾʵս龰סˣĴӱƣǺݺһζ𣬻֮ʱɢֻԶ໡һҽУ漴Զȥ 
ĪҲ׷ȴȻԼһװһ󲻺ϵ飬Ѹٻװ 
ѣӴͳĬʱг޼ɽ 
Īˣһ 
޼ɽĪ룬Ҳһ 
ҽе㡭ɽôˣ 
޼ɽ˺һ˴±Ϯģ˴ԭɽɰǰΪƽԭƹܴ˴ʱȻҲڴפأ 
Ҹǵֻķݣûҵķݣ 
սǽߣôСѾͷбʲô£ 
Ī˵ԶԴչȥŵɽǽǡ 
ɽˣؽɾסʲôʹú 
ûסʮйûú̡˹Ϊ㣬 
ո˯ 
˯ʶ𣿡 

˭֪Ĺ˯ĪͷҲǸСɽԼҲûԭԲȥѰˣ벻ͨ鹻ˡ 
ɫ磬ѾƻĪպö˯ˡã뿪ʼϢ֣ǵСɽȻǽû뿪 
ˡѡ⻰ҲԼƺû񰡣 
վɽһҾɽˣ 
ɽûòѾͷںԼһ֮ͻȻòһСĳ̬񻹲أ˭֪ûòѾͷʲôģΪ˴˵صΰ㣡 
㲻ôĵϢѾϰԼһ˹¶ĵϢˣ 
ĪֻĬĬԼɨɾĵ濪ʼϢ 
ǣѼо 
ÿһֻ۾͵͵ɽ 
ɽ˵ǼȴԶԶģϿǽҲ͵͵Ŀ 
Ī۾̾˿ĺɽ˵ԼʲôΣΰĻõҵӣδҲǿܳΪ˵ģ 
ɽļ˹һ۾ͻȻʧˡ 
Ҿô𣿡ĪָָԼıǼ⡣ 
µĲֻ㣬ң⴫۵ 



                   Īս




Īǽ۵Լͷʹ 
ۣȻǰǺͯӡ 
ɽµѵҲǸ壿ɽԼẦ£϶ǸСɽ 
ɰСӣĪεĿͯӡ 
Сͯĵһ֣ĳο̿ 
ĪɿĲ㿴ͯӵʲô 
С֣ͯ˳ǽһȦĴţ󣬶׵Īߡ 
Сǹ𣿸ҸֲСӣĪӡ൱ 
Сͯ˫ɴ۾ûǮòֳ󣬷΢ҲûǮ׬Ҳûʲôô㻹Ҹ𣿡 
ҷͺƯòã 
Īʦò۷ҲŰɣ 
ǿڳСӣڳһ޹ӣĪĶһŰۡ 
ʲôСƨգգ۾˵ˣ 
Īתȥ۾Ժͯӣڳһı顣 
СͯҲתȥĪ 
һһСˣһһף 
ĪΪϾֻܺСƤļһһˣСƨͻȻһЦһ̳Ʈɢˡ 
һȻǸͨɫ 
Ī޺޵룬˳²ͯǰصЦʲô˼ 
ףŵ˸õζ 
Ѹͳһȼ߶ʮһֱȥͬʱԼӣſʲôǴ˯ 
ǲģԼǵˣ 
ι¶ĿǸĪеԩ޳ε鷳 
˭˵Ҳ¶ĿǸй 
ҪúסΣ 
תƻҲûãһ㣡Ī롣 
Īɽ˵ҲУɴҲֵֻһζĶҶû¹ɽ㲻ϴ˰ɣ 
 

ô֪Ī󺧣 
ĿѸģԱˣһСССĹôܿʦµ۷֪أ 
ȻҲˣŨӿٶĪ롣 
´ôֹʽͲø߼ 
ѾˣƱʲôȥɣ 
Ҿֻɱϴļ䣬ﻻĿŻ죡 
ţĪЦѣҲˣַ̧ųһζ 
Īû»ζûޡ 
Īһ֣ѹԵʤһĹǺյֻʣɽèС 
ĪٺаЦͳƴӣǹһ֣ͱܶ 
ʿɱ裡µŮˣһɱ㣡 
УĪúϻӽҵԪҿôڣʵʵĸҶɣʱ䣬㣡 
&b&b 
Ī·ɫѷףȥѰҼǸéݣͼǸꡣ 



                   ôô




ʱ 
Ī˼Żʲôطû̽˼˰ŷ֣ȫǲԼ߹ԭԼǸ·ա 
ҿдʦָָ·ƣȻɽԼ¶ҲϾû˸ָ·ġ 
˿ŵҩͲóԷˡŵͨũˣĪ䣬ϧα仯̫տΪǵĶȫҲﻹиƬģԪڣ԰Ԫȡ 
Ԫϲרͬÿﶼм˿ȡżԵʹá 
ѾһϢĪȥѰ䲻ĵطе 
ʱСȭͷСҲˡ 
ĪȴеھΣ˭ҪɱԼιС 
Ůˣˣʲô 
ǰ⸽и֪֪ 
ڴ˵سư԰꣬δ˵û 
ôһðʦֶ㣬ôưԴ˵ذĪ̲ס²ֵۣеССʵĺܡ⸽Ӧþսң㣬˵Ӧñúǿ󰡣 
Ī벻֪ȷʵǿ󡣾ţûԽ̵ͷĳɾҲΪɹֻۡ˽֣Լʵ˽⣬ǹͬʦֶȣʵ̧ǹ 
ĪĻ޵ĶˡûûŮҪɱҪʹ㣡 
ɱʲôôԶ㣬治뿴㣡Ī˵֪ǲˬԶԶģȻͳ֣֪ĿΪղ 
Ｑæ£ûټ 
ɽһƬãûɢ 
ĪãĿܣụ̂ûжֻһˣ֪ȥδӡ㱼䣬ƺǰйƵľһʱʶԼģȻԼδ 

һӷյãȻĿܣкס 
ΣٵԤУһҲ˲ʲôͨ˵ĵǣӵֱֱԾ˳ܣѰΣոоԴͷ 
أԤ⣬ּͣ䴩 
ʲôڰп̽Լ 
ĪһҲ⣬Ĺ֪Լݣɱ͸¶ϢĻ鷳 
ƶǿ̽Ķʼն 
һʱ䣬ĪٽǽңңԿš˳ǣȺ̽ĶͺҵˡʱʦֵæͲˡ 
ĴӿٶȣȫűȥǳŽˣ¸Ǻ޲ö೤æȫԼˣ 
ǿ̽Ķʱûġ 
ɱеĪûпƼ䣬һɽݺݵĺģӰֱֱɳȥ 



                   ͻɱ




ޣĪӵ³Ұݣ̧ͷϡ 
̽Ķڳ֣һɫϼУƼѸأĿ̫˼֡ 
Īˣͬʱһܡؿڴһͣء 
ʱ͵ϮĶѾڵϣ⻪ʧĶ¶ԭΡĪˣһá˧ 
ԭ͵ϮļһǸŰۣò޵ľ꣡ 
ȴŮ˺ڷվһµƣ 
ĪȻЦ꣬û˻㣬ʹʧɣ 
䣬˧һҪҪɱģҪˣ 
Īû޳֪Լ˼仹ǻᱻ˴ʵʵһȥˣ 
ҩֶûڹΪŮԣҪùСҪùåͰ˧統åɣ 
ĪѡͻȻֵʣͳѷֽҪǮһ˧ϣԼҲû׼תܣܻӽȡɽ 
ϧǰ׷̩ɽײ˧粻ϲɨ̻Ϊ̣Ʈɢˡ 
ĪûпƮݵ龰ո𣬾ͱһصķɣ 
Ʒڵϣûּ䣬ˡ 
ĪɽϵÿǻԵ״̬ûˮĵҲûеõɵ־ȤûƣȴûĽƽʱûôʱžȡ 
ҪûȥڵϵĵȥһͷС 
ҲĪ룬ֻƮվ 
ĪﴩԾⲻֱ߱·ߣխĿ꣬ռߵơ 
ûʲôģһɨ˲磬֮ϯֺ󣬰Īǰ 
Īͷſڵϣţ 
һȻˡȻòͬһǿ˧壡 
ϢȣĪŻһѪͳѪ̧ӵ 
°ͣϸһ 
ôŮˣôǸˮأ 

ǰˮЩǵŮ˧ϴ˰ɣĪŬڳ޹ 
ߣǲζҲЩ۲ŲɣŹͳ֣Ȼӵ 
ҵô 
һĨԼȻһ 
ǿʱ 
Ī뿴˧գ˫ֱȭ۱£ 
ԾĻͷ 
Īûܣ̵ˡ 
ͷϱ˵ֻۣûУ˼ƣͷĪܳԶ 
ȻһЦΪСܵ𣿡ּ䣬ĪֱˤڵϣѪȻû 
Ҳ鷳һգûѹµı߸һ١ɣ䣬 
Ɐߵˣҵüìͷָĳ֪繫˾ 



                  ڰ һԮ




Ī۾ȫɡ 
ʦлһҶ꣬ҷ 
ʦ֡꣬лʧʱңܵʱң 
ʦֵǣлꣻ 
ϣĺá 
ӷʣԺͳɣȽӪ 
ĪϣҲûһֻ۾͵˧硣 
дʱͲƹֱȥ 
ĪȴʹѪ֮£һѪ 
ĪĴڣԹ߹ȥ 
˽ֵĵطԭľӵӣɨƽҰ 
ԶԶĿ 
һˣٶĿ죬תۼѾӽսءԭӢժǡڡɰ׺ͺꡣ 
ߡ˰֡һ죬Ī뱻֮ץһס첲˼޷վ 
Ӣ˼ˣдŭ 
˼䣬Ҳû˸ҹ۸ĵˣСģ 
ſȳסˣ嵽ǰͷ 
Ӣסǰһ֡λ֣Ҿˣ뽫ǣ 
лŪһĻ˻Ī롣ֲһֱҲԭھģ̧ͷˡ̸ҹǲ 
ŵСӣ 

ժ۾һɣ̧ȥɰסͬʱɰ׵֪ôܵķ 
һӵϣһɢʦ־Ī룡 
˻ʹ˸ɫӦˡ 
һȣȥֱ˫ĿţɰҲɽָе˫ĿһǰһĿȴһ¡ 
ժǺ·ͬʱ 
м״ŲæĪ룬Ҳû˿ĶѾ˫˫ɳȥлһץȴֻץһѳͷһĪʧæ̧ͷӢѾĪ룬˸ţҲɢߡ 
⹥֮䲻ɲǣӢϢĪ룻Ī벻ͷ̽䣬ӢѱĪ˷ɽٶ̧ͷʱӢĪѾɳһɣ 
м״Ȼŭһ磬ɳʯȻ̨磡ָ䣬ѴһɢӰоأˤڵϡ 
ӢĪ룬Ǳصʱˤӵæ̽Ī롣 
Īʱ΢ԡ 



                  ھ ʣһ




ӢһʹʶĸоƺǰԵŮҲԼУԼȴܱ 
ŭ֮˲ȼ 
ӢĪڵɺãϵĲĭѪһ˵ĵ衣 
ժǡڡɰ׺ͺʱҲӵ˷ˣƲء 
ӢʰڵϵĽķסĪ룬תУ֮䣬֮ƣָ֮ 
ǲȴҲŻУŽ裬żб֮ȫûκκۼ 
̧̬Ŵݣˡ 
ӢˣŭþĴӣ˼䡢Ҿж֣⿴СӣĵˣԴʱ˵ḡ 
ҲʲôԶٵĶС 
ˣ䲻ʲôˣȴҲǵеһ֣֮£ɨ˼ûʲôġ 
ǣССƽ⣬ĽҰأ֮ͨô 
ĪһӼע⣬û¹ĵˣôô׷ɱأ 
û˽ʣֻаĶԽԽ죬ֵԽԽ죬һ˵ࡣ 
ȻӴ֮䣬硢סˮȵȲͬԵУִһһС 
乥ķʽ˸ӣ˿ҲǼغ·顣 
ڣûʲôĵİĺľһ˦ֱɨɡ 
˸˲ԣǴУо 
Ǵɢһɳ֪ʲôʱϢιۿ֮ǰֱʧ 
ʱһڣӦͱصɽڵ¡ 
̳価˾ۻĪߡ 
ˡѪɣһ䡣 
ӢתĪ롣߰ɣء 
뿪ɽȻըա 
ӢٶȷĪ룬ü 
ɫһűŪӡǡŪҵ· 
ιǵˣǲֻŪ·ʲôίģָµ 
ɰбһۡƯ˲𰡣Ǽ·Сý 
䡰Сýˣɫڣ˵һ硣 

ɢӣĪӢһǱУٶȸ죬ȴҲûĿ 
κ޷ƥС 
еŭƽϢúܿ졣 
ƽϢ֮󣬷Ҳɢˣ˵ 
˱˦һڵϣпѪƾǲᡣ 
һˤԭԵĪѹոӢµҩá 
ʦֵǸˣӵӣһС 
վҡҡλεǰɱңǣ 
¶ɻı顣Ϊ˾㣬սңȴΪ˾Ҫɱ㣡Ц̫СŻ˿ɱΪɣðɣҳȫ㣡 
֣֪ץԼıׯصľ 
Īһͬʦֵܣ۾һƬ΢ЦţǸܵް֡ 
ˣ磡 
 
ƪĵĶ߿ܷ֣µʱ䲻̶żͣ˽ԭ⣬ҪԭС˵д߲óĴϷݡǴҲдʮˣȴжߵĻһƪĶٶЩŵȱ㣬Ŵ뷨ҲãҲգҶָ뷨һҲһдȥĶ 



                  ʮ ò




ĪȴǰнԼףɱԼĿҲˮһˣˣ˧ǶȻΪʦֵǵġ 
˶ٶԼ³Ҳšӵķţ 
ǣǵ˰죬Ҳûиܵеʹ 
ոõ׼Ǹ˻ĥĥģ⻹ò 
ĪŻ۾ȴûǰתһʦֵԸڵ 
ʶһ̽Ȼ̧ͷһԭǰУ̤ߡ 
ոջҪɱԼ˿ͻȻҪߣѵʲôǿ 
Īһ 
ֻɱԼãˣҪʦֵܼһ𱻸ɵ 
ĪĴѰңоɥѡ֪ԼѣԼʦֵһͬͲǰ 
ϧۺڼΣҲ첻Ľ 
ܿ죬ԶһĨǰİ׹Ѹ׷һѴסУӰн䡣 
ڵϣĪŷ֣ǴסеǸŮӡ 
Ůӣϴξ˱Īˮӣ 
ˮӳסӵĶ䡣žҽȥȡʱ䣬͸ܵɱˣ 
㡭㣬ˮ㣡۰СžԼסĶʹ 
㻹֪۰˼Ҵˣô˼۲۰ 
ǲѣʲôϵſңˮ㣡žƤΪʹκ죬һˡ 
ʲôҲҪ๩ģˮڷſƤ 
žԼԶԶ㿪ˮӡ 
ˮҲĿɿڴĪ롣 
λĪ벻֪ôƺˮӡ 
ˮЦЦȥ֮󣬱ԼĴˣҲδÿζϵõ㣡 
ΪʲôҪң 
ΪҪİ 
Īͷ⽫µôҪδʦֵҲɱҰɣ 

ˮЦ̫СԼˣǱԤԻأ¿ݲ㡣 
ҪôɣʵҲǸԵͨ˶ѡ 
˰ƵʲôλϣҲһ˿Ծġˮļ磬ָָ档˶ϣԣúûŰɣ 
˵꣬ͳɵ¡ 
Īлɵҩ 
ֱʦֵ˷ҩˮžλˣһûʣǻȥˡ 
һ죬ҩĪԼѪѳͨѺ˴롣 
ʦֵΧ˹Ӣ̽̽󡣡أѾ˴룬վ𣿡 
Īʾû⡣ 
һͳ𣬰Ͳÿ뿪ùط 
ŽĪһͷ档 
Ǹտģž÷ɨƽСƽԭϣһɫСӰվ룬Ī뿴Īӻ֡ 
Īûж룬Ҳӻ֡ 
ܾãʲôӣ 



                  ʮһ 




أĸ֮õıأѽǧꡣᵽشɽ޹ء 
ԽɽͣӢ죬ɽһ嶥ͣ 
Ī˵ʷΪƾõŷǳ棬嶥ֲʯͷһ˹ĺۼûие֡ 
ͼӢͳƣһţǰ͸ǽƾǽ档 
֮Ӣ뿪ȻĹ⣬ûΪһСĴšԼ򿪣ȴ⼸˵ĵ 
ĪƵź󷽣ûкȣȫ͸ģܿʦֵվӡ 
ɰױĪ⸱ûӣеҪ 
ĪСһ㣬żλʦֽš 
ż˽룬ϣ⻪ջСӢȡˣջػС 
غ;԰ͬӴĳɽ־أһرһظߣȡžŹһճ֮⡣žŹһճʵǷ̵Ϊ˼˼·мȥ̴ڣѵ̵ͷ̵ãҲҪΪ档 
¥ڹݼ֣ߣܼ䣬翣ƣһɣ 
ǰưĽ˼ˡ˹͹ˣӭŮһɫ۰ѥ̬ͦΣò忡ŮҲһ°ɫȹѩɴī߸ΪţƮͬɡ 
ӢҲݣʩ糾 
۰װôŵЧܸɸɾļ 
վһˣŵλǾ£ 
Ӣ񡣡ǾˣӢʵôƺ 
ºλգɽȥ 
ôʹһأ 
Ī뿴εӣѹеԹڴʦֺ档 
༸ҲԻͨɽȥ 
 
磬ʹ 
ķڣıڻ˾µƣƼ׺ſŹ͵ҹ顣񷶥㣬Ƽ䣬ҲǶɫҹ飬ӳյ 
һŴ󴲣¶Ͼ˯ꡣüĿ续īһϡ˳Ľë΢΢ţ֪ʲôΡ 
߾Сˡ˾Ĭͬûż 
ûţ𣬷ֳһӡһ£òƽԭ࣬ġ 
˯еģȻ񷣡 
СҲӦȻľǡ 
ڴߣŴϳ˯ʣ΢΢̾̾˳ 
ҵı£ʲôʱѹ 
֪ͳһʲôζ˰ 
Ѿûаȵ˯һˣ 
˯ٶﻯħ¼ʮԽԽﴫ˵Ѳˣ 
ѹ˰ɣ 
¸ҲǱƲѣΪŮӾ˰ɣ 
£ѹɣ 
ﵽţ˵ȥˡͳҧţίСϱ 
ϵ 
Ķ䶯˶ɴ۾̧ͷ񷡣 
ë΢΢ţȻ۾ 
!޵ñһһѵĸæ˹ȥ 
񷻺׼˽࣬ſ޻ġ 
ġ 
ڣ 

һľżһĻС˸Ͻ 
˯˶ã 
ر£˯˶ࡣ 
ڼ䣬ô 
ر£̩񰲡 
ո˵лħ¼ʮ𣿡 
ر£ʮħ¼ƽ 
ʲôûУ 
ر£䣬һ 
ô 
оס 
񷽫վһߵġ 
ˣҲúúüν㣡 
ĲҾӹ 
ˡ 
һû˵ 
֮䣬ȻϵˣŻƳһۡ绹ǰˡ 
ĶˣĿ񷡣£Ϊذ 
ͷȥڳϻ༸ɣ˵ţҪȥ 
ۼסֻĿȥȴͻȻʲô 
ʲô£ 
£Ϊ壬մϵ·˯˶꣬Ҳ·ȥɣ 
 



                  ʮ ҹżоϲ




ؾسǣռɽ룬鹬嶥 
Ӣ˱ŵأһľͥԺͥԺּ֣вʯ̾͵С·ͨɽϣΪš 
Ī뿴С·Ȥµ˿գҪС·ȥɽ䡣 
ƺµĪ뷨˵ɽ֮ҩҲޣλǵҩ֮ԵҲּɡɽޣкʧǲΪ为ģ 
˵еȥҩģޱԵĻǲεģ 
Īû̽յ£ŴҰٺá͵ˣæԼ飬Ӱ 
ӷɵĺдɽҲ˲ˣҳԵúܾˣֻĪһҧž˵ĲݸźǺ޲ˬ 
֣ᣡ 
Աû¸ɣĪҲйԤϵͻȻƵĲˣǺȽϺóԣ 
ѽѽѼӷƽˣ 
Ī̽¼ӷʵ״ȴΪ̫Զϵϡ 
Ұèǿģģ 
οԼĪѭ¹⣬ɢּС·Ƽ֣ƻá 
С·ͷƬɽ¡Ұҡҷ̲类˵Ƕéǰɽ¼һģһ 
Ī뿪ĵ˹ȥڲϹȥ濴 
ͻȻŲæ 
ûӰ¶˫ŽѥӵĽţŲ˽б¶ 
ĸߣ΢ݣһӹҫʲôӡ 
ǡĪ㶵Ŀ 
࣬ӦöŵӰɣ 
ôǿҪ𣿡ϣ¹Īӿ˵ 
ﲻ𣿡 
Ǻǣ԰ɣ 
ֲصģ 
ǡ 
ĪϵζϤȴ벻˾˭ǰŲŲ˸ǶȺ¹⽥ϣֳµ٣ƵĿ⡣ 
ֿ졣 
𣿡֣˳¡㲻ʶң 

û˵Ŷ 
ʵָմ 
аɣֲŶѡ 
Ȼˡ 
ǣ½㡭ĪԴΪ档ְɣ 
֣ҺܺЦ𣿡 
ͻȻĴʣϵ֣ 
ʲôӲ˫䣬鲻ӡ 
ȵĶǲ֮ġʲôҲ벻ˡĪʼ硣ǰʧˣǵˡ 
ŶӶԴ˺Ȥʧֲټ 
Ҷô˵Īվ̧ͷоƾ͸ˣϧôԲĪմ˵¶ˮСҶ¶ˮҶӿɬȴζζժƬҶӣȡЩ¶ˮأҶӵݸӡ 
־𣿡ӽӹ΢΢̧ͷҶе¶鵹С©һΣ˳°ͣڵϡ 
ӦòǰɣĪپڸڵĿɫʱ磬ÿʱҲ˯ˡֵ֣ɫ¸ˣ˵һȭ 
ӻ֡ҴСɣ 
컹 
Ī뿴ŻƵĿ⣬ͷ 



                  ʮ ɽҹ




գĪ˴ÿչΣ˳¾ƣͼȻޱĸкĪʦ壬簡 
磡ôң 
Ҳ𣿡Ĵתתιķ䡣 
㣡ĪϰŤı﷽ʽҲæԼĶȥɽ𣿡 
ºȥ棬Ͳı߻ؾ𣿡һķķ 
ô࣬ҿɲڣȫ˾͹ˡ 
㻹֪֮չȥ棿 
Ī뻵Ц˵ɽҩأ 
Ʋ졣˵ɽޣҲأܴùҲЩݡ 
ù͹ˣ˼֮ҲްɣȻӵܻҪҪˣ 
㵽ȥȥ 
ȥ̻شȫûпǡ 
ѾͷҲȥģԼԼҸһȥ 
Ī͸Ѿͷ˼Ҳû˵ʲô˽飬ȥɽһ졣˼ûȥ㵹ûٴ 
ĪûлȥԼķ䣬ֱǸҹԼĵص㡣 
˻ûĪҲЩˣܺÿܣ㣬Ա󣬻㡣 
ڲƺϣܿС·ͷŰϦȥȥĪƤҲųȥ 
ʱǰ˸оƺһ־õͷ΢֪˭֣ظͷ 
Ī̧ͷɫ·¹⻹ҫۣߵȳīɢҲ΢΢ŹԭǸ֡صѡ 
¹ⰵ˵òϵζȻϤ 
ͷľˡţ˳ָ֪ʲôʱ򱻽⿪ͷ 
Īɴ۾ЦһͷˣҰ⿪ 

Ŷлл 
Ҵ˾Ҫ𣿡 
ȣĪ΢Ц 
ֿѾ׼СԱ߰ںţоơ 
Ͳ¾ƲĪ뿪ĵİ㿾á 
ߡΪ㲻Щ¡ 
ҿô𣿡 
ִͷţٴӽſͷȻͷ 
Īͣ㿾ãж֤ѷսˡ 
ҹԲ£һơ 
ʱǳãʱ¡ԣȴĪĸеɣƺʶѾõĹˡ 
Ī밵ϣʱӳϧĪٶУٷȽϺ顣 
Ųµ¡ 



                  ʮ ĪҲǸƹ




˻һˣŲˡ 
ĪҧŸǿˡ 
˹ˣǽ˶ıӣͬʽİɫī泤װѥÿﻹŰҡҡλΡ 
صĵ𣿡Īµʵ 
صˣǶɵģŭΣͷĴһ֡ 
ĿĹΪ 
ϧƣĹΪ 
зɫڵĹΪ 
껲ԣϬ߹Ϊ 
λжһ£ҡƳһȦڲݵϡ 
¾Ī롣ĪҲֻ 
ֿ飬΢΢ףǼˡ 
˶ΪҲ֣ŭε˴̫ڣϵưɣ 
֮Ŀǿ¹£ҪƹҲƸǶһ١ 
Ҳ˵ͬ⣬˴ӽͳҹĴãʱ˴硣ͳСİʳƲ˰һӡ 
ŭξ롣߶λ£ȸһ˵ţһƹ 
ȴûǸӰ 
ĪҲƽϣźȼƺһ¾ͻȥˣһ˴ȾƣҲĪϤĸоøжҲץһơѿˣһҲǼ£˵ţҲһڡ 
Ц˾ҪںȾƣһʲô£˵ţֶ 
껲ȴǸСͲҪΪ˼ˡ 
СʣµͬĽе뿴Ī롣 
ĪԾĿ껲ԣܿ͸ʦµķѵʦлߣ 
Ȼ˼ҿˣõ֤ˡ 
ĪǺһЦΪĪ 
Щ˼ˡȻ˷ǲ֪ǸŮޣ¶ˣ 
Ѿ˵ˣֻҪ˵Ҳʲôá 
ǻ뼸λֲҪ֪ˡĪ빰֡ 
˵˵ָɵһơ 
Ī뿴һֱĿ֡ѡ 
Ҳ߱ˡֿһĿƺЩá 
ʲôòõģ 
ĪҲ벻ףԸɴ಻ȥ룬ץͼ˺ 
ƹѲĪҲЩˣһֱĬĿֺȻʵ㲻Ǹûȥˣ 
ϦбĪͷǡ 
ŭһĴȡòиˬСһȾƣȴôˣź 
ռɣĪش 

ãǾռ 
ɢĪ޳ɡ 
תľסԺȥĪ֣֡ô֪ߣ 
ֻסҲµġ 
ֺôĪϰ˲Ů֮§ſֵļ磬һõ 
һ졣ȶˣ 
ˣĪЦ֣ҺǶ˰ 
㲻ʧˣ 
żҲʲôһ򶼲Ĺ 
ȶˡ 
ǰɣĪͻȻ̧ͷһָǰ棡 
ǸûзļһֵƺЩԹ 
ĪϳͬŻȥɣ 
õģݰݹĪֻӻ֡ 
ݰʲô˼ð 
Īŵһһ롣ټ˼ 
ʻ࣡ϳɵҡҡͷʦֽ㣬˵Ҫأ 
ȥɣʦֻǺȨģ 
˴Ҵǰʦֵķ䡣 



                  ʮ ûû˵ľϯ




˵Ǵʦȴ˾ۻĴ 
ۣĪеͷʹΪڡþ磡 
й˺ӳԷཻܶʶǳԷʱɵģ̸⣬̸̸ 
Щ˿ɲ̸⡢̸̸ģȻϯϲ֪ôŮӡ 
̾˹ע 
ŵɫȹӵĶׯŮӿӢλǣ 
ӢϽܡСʦܣΪĪ롣 
ĪϽ 
ӢָǶׯŮӡλǶüɵѡһһķ˷࣬ü˴ҲʮˣϺ;Ĳ¡ 
һһĪ͵͵ʻôͶüꣿû˸ң 
ʲôꣿ 
һԷ˼ 
УʾæźԼ᲻ӰʦѶϢֽ׶Ҳ㣬ô֪ͨ㣿 
ĪٸίֻĵѶѣôҲ 
ŴʦʰɣĵĿ 
˾۸ԼĶȤζɣ 
ĪԼҲûƳԼϵľֳԵ㶫źȡмʦֽ㵣ţҲûĪȾơ 
ȴʼįĪ㿴װҪŮӣ⼸һֱƲ֣׸ˣ治֪ĸŮ깴ȥ˻ǡ 
˼Ǻ꾫ҲδһᱻŮ㰵ֵĪӻ 
۹ô𣿡 
Ҳ֪۹ôأĪ뿴һĶüӡ 
üӲغ˳ֻаɫ·ȫŮӵɾעö࣬û˴һϣҲиɫǵķɫɫĻɫɫҲžĻơ֮Գ֮Ϊţȴ֮ܳΪص 
ЩŮӣ䲻ǻòȴҲҵԼװ緽ʽ 
дŵɫȹŮӣ͵͵Űװ΢죬Ŀ顣 
ǸɫĽʲôţĪɴôܵķͻԻ 
հɣϲװģ 

۾׷ˣװ͸ûƵġĪ͵һֱƾƵİװװ˿̧ͷ߰Եˡ 
ĪѸתȥé 
æųԶӻֱʾȥ 
˷䣬ĪֱԺֽ⡣;С·ϣ 
Ʋڴ򶷣¼ 
Ī뼱æԼ䣬ס 
ͼи߸ӽסһǸ 
߰ûһᷢģǸ˵ 
ܻܲѪ˵Ǹ˵ 
ðɣǧҪˣˣҺòײҵ㣡һȥɣ 
ȷҪű˵潲ЩĻ𣿡 
ʲôڣ˭ҳ 
 



                  ʮ¡Ҵе




ȻˣĪҲŶˣԴ󷽷ĳ 
Ǹֻ· 
˵͵ģа 
ô֪ô˵ģҡ 
ͣܲĪ֧֧ᣬӳͱһصĪ档 
Īſűɴ¹Ҳݣֻܿһ˫ĵĶˡ 
һ˻ʲôɴĪʲô 
ûлݣѾͷӿĪ˵ 
ô˰һ·˶ܿԼԱȻԼԱǺҪô֪Լ뷨ģ 
Ī۵Сۣ¶صı顣û˵ 
֪ôģ˶ΪҵˣǶ´ˣվֱӡҲˣ֮ôôɣ 
ĪǺɵЦʲôû룬ټ˵ţˣװ򶨵ǰߡ 
һ£߸ӽסĪ롣 
Īһ 
̬ 
ʲô£Īͷ 
ûʲô߸һҼûлݣ벻Ҫᡣ 
ûᣡĪ̲סСǣ˵ţͷҲس˻ȥ 
µ 
ȥɣ 
ΪʲôҪȥ˰ìͷת߸ӡ 
Ҫ߸ӹ˵ 
°͡˵񡪡ĵ˵ôˣһֱûȥء 
ԵȾʱٽӼ㻹ôû죬Ҫ߸ͷУһҪģ 
죡̧ˡ 
 
Īصϯ䣬ĵÿҲעĩСʦܣü಻ʱ͵͵Ī롣 
ĪȻոպͻ˽װŵʱҲиĿһֱԼʱעڰװϣûע⵽˶Ī¡ 
ʱԱ㣬Ҳ죬ûſߣǳЦ٩Ī롣˵ɫҲᳫϼ˫ޡû뵽Ϊϲ಻вŮͰ 
Īϰ˻۸ĵҲ⻰ϣץԶĲ֪ˮҧһڣӦ 

ȴôɣΪע⵽࿴ɲŮ֮Ũ⣬е߶һĺ⡣ 
ԭδ֪Ӧú֪ܿ˰ɣ 
ĪҲ˽ԭίŮӼȻǴŶüӶģͲǸǵıԼأ֪Ҳ͸¶Լ֪Ҳ֪Щʲô 
Īϣû仰ͳĪȥˡ 
ЦźӢ˵ǺøɼλףĪѾǾǴƣ濴λ޵ֻж꣬ǶüֵûʲôõƷˣǺǣ 
ֻᵽĪ룬Ⱦƺȵժ˾ҪĪ뼸䣬ȴӢϡǫˣҿɵյѡҲǵвͣϾδʼ¹˭Ҳδ֪֮ 
΢΢һЦǧ˲ιǧѵһıҲȲ۵д󡣡 
Ҳ΢Ц޳ĺĿ 
仰˵˼ҲϡǸ۵ĽƷ 
ĪԶԼǺξ⣬˼ڡǧ˲ι档ҧˮ˼ 
ͱͱʲôأ 
Īˮǧ˲ι۵ĽƷɣ 
û 
ˮ𣿡 
һۡ˭ƷػˣԹ 
ˣܾ֡ĪƳһۡԽԽøˡҪעȻ޲ȥˡ 



                  ʮ¡ƻ




Ī۾ҫ۵ĳεòò±۾ 
˸Ƕȱܿ⣬Ī֧ʹͷŷ**£㸡һҵĺ󹬾 
ķҲԼһֱ;ӵĿͷǸɴΪĻŮӷС㵭ŵͷʹˡ 
աͲ֪ĶüŮӺ˯ڴϣ·Ϻúõģֻ΢ɣ¶񾱺ͲǰƤ 
ⳡ˿Ƿɫ컣˵ľ󣬿ϧĪŮװαǰ״ 
Ī۾˸Ƿ 
߻˸ȻȻѸ첲Ī䡣˿ȴǻĪ룬޼״̬ 
ĪԺţ˳ƾɻشϣڵĳôɵġ 
¡ơĵѡ֮󱻴ʦִһдüĵѡơĶûӡ 
һҹơ 
ֲüǲˣȵʵ̫ˣûƾжͲˣĪԽԽʹͷ 
ʱһŲ 
ű򿪣ࡣ 
ʱ൹ˬһУ·Ȼǳǳɫ 
⼸˵̯ڴϣʱһ 
һͬƽСϪӽ޴ʯͷ˶˻ 
˶ʱ̵װһɵĿࡣ 
ĪվŲڣ룺ֲǽ̵βңô鰡 

ͼһĿĪ롣ĪѣǶüĵŮԾӶ̡࣬ŮԺãİ׽ҹͬһͬһҹҽ 
ĿǰŮװˣȢɣ 
Īͷһʱ֪ôҹ 
ʦ壬ҹǺȵ̫ˣʲô¶ûվĪΧ 
ʲôûãһΡתͷĪͻλѣǱŮӵķ䣬λҵѴ 
͸ˣĪЦӦţŻҴҳ˷䡣 
ѵȾƺȵ̫ˣǶʲôӣΪ֮ˣ޶ȣ֪ƣΪŮӣӹһңô˴Ǿĵĵѡ˽нԶŽˡ 
ƺ£ؿڣէüǿ£Ҳ֣Ȼƾһڡ 
ǰñϳȻһΪҪȢŮӣĪҲ²ѡ 
ϵ´ĪһĿⶨزϡʲôȢ 
ĪƤٺҲ̲סˡ 



                  ʮ¡ϴ




ѣʮֲط任·ȥˡ 
ĪԼһЩŻطȡ·ȥɽѡҵ¶˵Ȫϴ衣 
֪ɽżɵĵֻ÷ĿŨֹܷܷӬѼˣ֪˹Ϊ֮Ҳš 
·Ī߽Ȫ£̾˿ 
Լߺϸ۵ƤĪ룺ԼҲܴŮװȥ۷ǼüŮҲԲλɣ 
˵Ҳ֣ĪΪ˼ǧˣ䲻ǸɫŮȴҲòˣǡô֮ʱƽˣ˵׵ˡȴΪ˵۷ɫò˿ƽ棬ŮԵʧ! 
Īƣѡ͵Ļš 
ȪƤĶĪϴɾҲųȥţ˳糿δĹˡ 
һͨϼ⽥ڣ棬ҹƵĲҲʧ١ 
ɫȪ棬ϸϴŲԶҽŵĲ 
ŲأңӦùġˣΪƽƽ֮ˡ 
ֻһŮӽеǰ棡ϼľǱߣ϶б˵ţ˼ȪϣŨ⼸˶ԿĪˮг֡ 
˳Ī뻹ˮǱεĹӽģĪϢϼ⵱Ǳˣ 
ˣҲ·ˣ 
ĪϽǱˮУȴûֱߵ֮ٳ 
˳ֻѬƵĴʯΧˮɫ׵ĳӣɢһǵζ˵Ӳݶûһ 
˻Ȼ׷ЦʲôĪõˣۻ˲ɣ 
ŮӽߡҾûۻλϼ⣡ѵµˮбȻ޳û 

סˣˮޣҵҲ򲻹һǺãٻȥɣʦ֪ǽɽȻǡ 
ʦǵСԼȥǺò׽۵ĻɽɸݡѰȥ񲻳Կ֪ҵ˱Ҳ𷣵ģ 
ǰһɫװҲ塣ʦ֣Ǻ£ԼȥɣҺײͳˣ 
λײŵӵͷ 
𱦣ǣΣֻ̾˿תԼˡ 
ʦˣұɣʼ硣 
ѵЬ࣬ȪˮĪҪﲻסˣ֮Ϣ೤ҲסȪִôʱ䡣Ҫİ 
ĪҲȲȥҲεѣܱȱҪðɣ 
ˮͼˮƮ 



                  ʮ¡ܷɵδ




ĪʵڱﲻסˣСİͷˮ棬ֻ¶۱ǣҲ˳ˡ 
ͼԭǸһ۵ӡʱżҪѰŮӰߴȴݣͿǸûļһ 
Ī뿴Լ·ڣȴǲ֪ʲôʱ򱻾ˮߣûˮĲֻǸн𱦵Ĳڽŵס 
Ī޵ĳ嶯 
⼸˶·ڽŵ£ôûڴأ 
ûбǿϼҵġȻǿ֣ 
ôʱط֣ʱҲ̫˰ɣ 
ĪæסˣԼֹӣ·ԼҲԶڿ󣬲š 
ŮͻȻɳˣһ 
һǸߴӣͷ˵ɴ¶һ˫۾ǻ˵һ㡣 
˿ֵĻȻš 
Ư۾һ£ϲˣ˵ûбûбˣһ֮Ƕѣ˵̰ͼ֮󣬶˱أ 
ӼˣűǲڽŵĪûǻüߡ 
Ǿǲߣߵ֮ȵãǺģӦߵǸվֱ࣬׳µ 
̧ۣһƳ 
ԭ鶯۾һƳ˲ɢ˵ɱײźͽ𱦸оԼͬݺݵһ¡ 
ɪŲԾغһ 
ûǻ۵ҰޣҲ֪ǰɢɱӲǡ 

㣬㡭𱦼ʲô׳ŵ˵ʲô۾ȴĴ飬Ҹ· 
µģȴ־ԼɫףһԼȴִŮӣǰһСҵ˵ɫϼǡ 
ֿû꣬һ죬Ĳòɫ˲γɡһ㣬ʯͷϣ˲佫ʯͷԲ߶ɱȵȪһԱȣëȻ 
ϲɱͬġִ΢΢ͷ۽ǿһˮֻ¶۱ǵĪ롣Ҳὲڶ飬 
ôôûò˭˭ں棿ֿķֺ֪滹һˡȥ 
ĸ˸սȪϵʱĪѾǱˮףĸŵ²·ûвɼ۲;ĲһĲƽƽδǲﱾڡִ֮Īﲻסʱֳˣ˳ɫƱˣ˵Ŀζпû˵뷨 
ʶ˿ĪʱȻ֪ǲϱЩ˿ԴһС˲С 
ͽ𱦼ˣɫ䣬Ҳپᱦ⣬Ż֪Ȼײˡ 
ֵù⣬ǰָСѸҲߣֱ峺շȥˡ 
һڣܿˡ衱ġӢˡ 
ɵúԶĪ뿪ڵ 



                  ڶʮ¡еİ¶




²Ũ˼֡ 
ˮϣƮƮ֡ 
Ī뿴Լ** 
ǰͣӣ¶ˮˣЦղҲôţһ˫ĿЦţܿĵӡ 
Īͷȥĸ˼һҲûжߵĵУǲµġ 
һˮеķյǼᡣҲźߵģ 
С뷴ԼҲǸƣձĵ껲ʶŮݵʱ򣬿Ҳڳġı£Ҳǲ͵ġпλ֪ԼŮʵ 
㡭ô㴳ŮԡĵطĪˮݵķָָ֡ 
Ҳѵ㻹ӽѵǼ֪ôСӣ 
ĪˡҡҲа취ģ 
ûоȥͷȥʯͷ߼𱻲Īﵽɫֲûע⵽· 
·ңĪҲˣе 
ô໹Ҫ 
£ 
ҵ£ӵ·˫ֱ΢΢̧ͷǵζȻҵ£ҽˬ·ͼŰɣ˵ţŲŽȥ 
Īҧ´ŨУûж 
ΣִҴֻصرߡںڻü 
ĪĿ֡ 
֡ߡһƾճһ׵·ݸĪ롣ôһ 
ʱڰɣȻôôҽΧ 
ֵȻ΢죬ȥûлش 
Ȼ׼ͱˡĪӻ֡ȥɣӽ̿ǲС˳ƣ޹ĿҪ·ˣ 
죬һ磬˲ûӰ 
ĪˮгԷ塣 
û´ĻȪʼ־Ѿ֪ˣֻһֱûѣȻôɺϣĸұСӡ 
̯·ȻŮװ̵Ĩȹܣǳ̵ɴʵᱡָʣҲǼ۸񲻷ƵƷ 
֮󣬾ȻߴոպáֻΪ۷ԭزƽ 
ͷһΣĪʦ۷ 

ɢŨ·˸ĪһţʩʩȻڽĲߡ 
ֿŹŸµľƿӣɢƢľ㡣Īݸ 
ĪֽӹСһڡ 
ӳŷɫΪϸˡ 
ֿ󣬺һĪϸ󡣡ȡ°ɣ 
𣡡Īüͷ󡣡ʦҵģĪҪ⡣ 
ʦģȥ˱ˣֲá 
ô֪Īʶƺһ 
ּĪһʹվķҲʲôĶҡûж⡣ 
Ī˺һ㾿ʲôˣӽʲôͼ 
ҡ 
֪˭ǲǣɱҵǲǣĪˡ 
Ҳɱ㣡سĪǰץס˫ۡ 
Īһο壬ֵټīɫҹա澹̲Ũûˡ¶ıʶľ 
ĪһҲŲ㡭ǲǡʶң 



                  ڶʮһ ΨҪ




۾һץסֱ۵յøЩ㡭ʲô 
Īúʹüͷšʲôû𡭡 
ŲԼĶδ̫Щɿ֣૵Բ̫ˡ 
ΪʲôĪſſ֡㡭ʶңողŻҵģ㾿ʲôͼٳֲɱң㾿ʲô 
Ҳ㣡㣬Ҳᣡִ 
Ī뱻סˡ 
ΣֶĵġŵģȻҲǿġ׵ģһʶĸо 
Ķĸо 
ǰ߿˫ͨ죬ЩЪ˹˷İ 
ͻȻֵ˾һɵģɱԼģԼģڼԼģɣˣħ 
Ī뿴Լĸأɫѿ 
ۼĪԼķĸأиǵһʹ֮ŭתΪ 
û֪ůŵζ 
û֪Ǳ䣬Լ¶ 
ǰ֪ԭϻи˺ͬԼ 
ԭΪԼıȱ겻ڵıҪӲû뵽һеļǿеı䣬ȫ˲ɢԼԭҲġ 
ôϣ˶Լƭֻ࣬ 
а취õĶ 
ȴʧˣԼܵĹ 
֮ǰһ׵סȥ·У㲻ܰϲˣǵ߸֮ף߸֮ף 
߸֮ԤʾǸĸ֪Ҳġ 
ֻôһȻ⵽ȫ谭 

֪ʹ˯ 
ֱٶȸ֪ĳ֣Ҵ׿ŵڲǱء 
ʧˣ 
ֻǻ˸֣ҡһΪĵӣƣòģжӡ 
˸Ц֣֡ 
֪־ʲô 
Ƕûз˼ǵֻǲСͷʮ˵Σصϴ 
ڵӣĽУסɽϣʱܿȵӣˡ 
Ȼ 
ŭ֮£񷷴ЦЦ۽Ǻᣬʵֻ֪ҾԲ㣡ΪҲŴ䣬Ȼͬ٣ȻȨ£ȻҷޱߣҲֻ 
ĪжѣĪᡣ 
񷻺߽Ī룬ȴûкˡ 
ᱧסĪ롣ңɺã 



                  ڶʮһ ٴξ




һҪ࣬ͳ⣬ԲˣһͲӪȫƣʵҲ֪ʲôƣʣ˯߳㡭ʲôҶ㣡ңɺãڶǰͺ˵Щ˵˿ڡ 
ʲôܸԼֻԼ顣˱΢Ŀǳǿ˿ 
ȻжȴĪƿ񷡣Ҳ֪Ϊ˿ңҲ֪Ϊ˵Ϊڡֻ֪Ҹոʶ㲻ãҲϤ㡣ڲܴӦ㡣 
ȻȴʶѾá 
Ī΢΢ͷᴥ۵֪ΪΣҼᣬҲЩˣԭʶİɣĪ΢΢ͷû˼䣬飬ҲǴδɣǣĪ̧ͷ΢Цſ񷡣Ը˽㣬ԣԸʶ㡣 
㶵Ŀ֡ 
Ī֣ϡãҽĪ룬ҵ˵ǸˣҺܸʶ㣬Ҳϲһּ¡ 
ʶҲãȻȥѾǣȥɣǸżȻЩ̶̵ദʱ⣬ȫǰɣ¿ʼõĻǱ˵ģֻҪǹͬʱ⣬Ӧöúİɣ 
Σ;įʣ˵ĿĪ롣 
Ȼ 
ҽ񷣬ûϣԳΪ֡ 
Ī֣ȵģ΢΢ıǻţٴʧȥˡ 
˼䣬ϣֻһǣ 
Ψһˣǣӵˣھǰ 

ǸĶ쵰ǣᴽЦô۵òªҲƲϾɫȴ̫һõĹԣǳġԵġ޷˺ӵůǾܶҲ޷Ӱ˱ʵһһ겻գԶŲЦհɣ 
΢ЦŵĪ룬Ҳ΢΢õЦݡòԶˣǳǳľѺüۼɢùâմʱɫ⶯ǵɫͬůĺˮĪûҲ޷ˮ档 
ЦĪ뾪޲ѡ 
񷲻Ծס֡ 
һΣ˭Ҳ޷˫ů֣Լߴߣ 
δ֪޿ܣɴ˿ʼ 
 
ᡪЦġ 



                  ڶʮ ¿ʼİ




ɽ᰼仺𣬷·ԤʾżʼһǸĵ졣 
Ī뿴ǸĿʼ 
еĿʼ֮ǰĽĪ˵սû˰ 
ðɣû˰ҲԼѡģĪ磬ĪıǻˣĪ˾ģĪİжŪɼӵеһС 
ڣѾܹԼϲģƽ֮õһ˵İ 
ǰѾǣϣ¿ʼģǷݴġ޹ݵİ顣 
ĪǺ΢Цһҹû˯ȴҲͷʮ㡣 
Īڳ»صԼķ䣬ϵ·δװΪ˱ⱻͬſĪӷӺ淭ǽ룬Ѹ䡣 
һ·˳˷䣬ţĪ˿δת̾Ϣһ糿ӰԭĻȥˣŭ⣬ˣ 
ĪϽЦµˣʲôʱģ 
ŵһϵĺ»ڡһʱǰ 
ĪЦƵġ 
㲻Ҫ𣿡һۣӻͳľϸ۲۽ǲĳơ 
ĪûԼæңװ 
Ҫ·չϸ·ӣɫָУǹƷأ϶˴Ǯ 
Ʒ𣿡Ī뱾Ҳû̫ע·ϣֻôû뵽ϸȴǺܰĶ 
ƽһǧˣƳһۡ 
ɽ֮ǰ㱾·İɣĪۺݿ 

Ҳûʲô汲Ӫ·Сѡպ·ˣŴʦæűţȥɽЩݱЩΪҲá 
ݱǲǰЩȥ޴־ĪЩûʲôȤ 
ȥ档 
ĸ棿 
ɽ£԰Ǳߡ 
ǱнΧţţ𣿡 
ҲСҪȥ԰棬˵ǱкܶݣմȾ԰ɫЩȴ˿ܡǲͨĲľ֮Уҵˡ 
ҲȥǣΣһҹľ˭Ҽüĵӣ 
ֻҪûڣҲûʲôεġңǿԶߡ࣬Ҳɵĵ׷ 
ȥǱҲĪ΢Ц߰ɣ˵ţŻ뿪˷䡣 
һ·ɳۣܿ쵽԰ 



                  ڶʮ ̽;




Īͻһ·ɳۣܿ쵽԰ 
ĸþأǿȻ˵ĸأźܶеϡݣŶеϡޣ˹ֲҲ°빦Զʤɽ󴨡ںһմפҵγĴ֮һɡ 
ɽжҲޣСڴˣ档ȻʳڵЧǶҲѰѰҲöԸɱѰʺϹӯλãֳͱݣطϹŴķػţصӣǽȥġ 
԰ſߴƷƯġ԰֣ΧŨʲôӶ˺׾ҵ 
Ů˶԰Ȥƹ԰԰ĺ档ŨķΧĴһ·˺ԶûˣҲû뿪԰ķΧ 
ô󣡡Ī벻ɵþȲѡ 
һĴһ˵ռ˴˴꣬ؼĵط˰ɣ 
ôãҲûмֵݣͨҩǲ٣Чһüʮ˲أ 
Ǳ߰ɣǱߵɧĪʲôݳָǰ档 
ĪͬʱҲ֪δ֪ɧͷ𣬾ֱǸɧĵص㡣 
ŽٽƬСּƽܾɽĵֲһּƽϵֲȴȻͬǺľ޴ԭСҲҪûס 
˲ûоȡЩھɽҲĵطǴֻĵطɧĶ֮Ķ 
Ѿ൱ȴʲôӰûеεĵطֻĴ̽顣ǻȦʲôҲûз֣ɵ١Īϸϸ̽飬׽ÿһɢһ㣬еĵ㡣 
˷ܵĽй 
ҵʲôˣ˷ָܵŵϵһ㡣 
϶ʲô 
ʲôôСͳͼ 
˵ڵµĶأĪøСģĽ磬סƬƽء 
ڵ²ʲôأ顣 
Ҳûʲôãɴ򿪿£Ī˵ţοݴԣͼݴ¶ֵͼΡʲô 
չҲʲôݿɣ 
Īͷ 
˷ſֽţҲû˵ʲô⣬ſڵϸţʱͱ¶߰˰ˡ 
󼸺ռּƽء۸ӵıʻ֪з󣬿޴ 
Ҳûʲôͷմ˲м·϶ǳ֮飬վڷģϸϸ۲죬ܽ᣺ϹĶҲ֪Ǹģ 
ȻϹĶǾͲҪȥˣص֮ǽȥѰݰɣĪɲʲô鷳 

ǣȻûбʾĹãΪصҲ֪Ĵڣô϶ǸոǷֵʱſʼɧģȻҲðŪ 
ǽص˰ɣϾɽСĪӣֱҪ㿪鷳 
Ƴһۡ˰ɣ 
µǲ£ֻͻȻתΣǱϾ͵ˣţ˼ɣһǸ鷳Ҳ㲻 
ҿδأСƢˡµĻԼȥɣһҪϸأ 
˵ţ̽ȥһƷ 
𣡡Ī뼱æֹϧѾ 
һ뷨˲濪ʼۼԼҪȥڷϷ뷨ıԵɹȥ 
û뵽ŵĵͻȻһֻѩ׵ֱûпͻȻֵĶĪˣһţ 
ʲô 
ͻȻý״һ벻ãץסˣ 
ıƷĪ룬ۼãҲû룬ֱץס 
ϧŮ˻ûüϷͱֻѩ׵ֱϽ˷ 



                  ڶʮ ɽ۳Լ




ɽۣѩڡ 
ɽһأ겻 
ڴ£紵壬һӳ綯ߣľǧ궼ûй仯 
ϷһС 
֮϶һŮӣʤѩڷ˳ɢ¶ˮ㴿 
Ůϥǰһ͸С͸ƮŶ컨ˮĻɢ㡣 
һֻֻ 
һ˿ 
磬һɫӰҴԽأڰ֮ϣŮ 
Īˣٶ 
ˮͣҿɲ㣡ˮӶ棬ԹԵ˱衣 
ˮüӽû㳳ܣȰ㻹㡣 
Ʒ˿ڲ裬Ǿòθڣ±ӾҲûо 
ˮӺǺЦôϲζ𣿡 
ŮϲĲ裬ôϲ 
ˣЩȥˣĿ 
ôΪͷϽҡҡ 
ôڿıͽܣ 
ȥ۵ˣʲô˵ģ 
֪ 
ߣСʲôˣ 
ȻĿǰҲûʲôҪȻǸߣʱʱ 
ɲҪʲô 
˵Ҳûʲôޣһ˳۵ 

ߣǸļһһãȻ֪ѧķţһֱǳĩķӣ 
ˮЦ̳ĵӣõķҲڲͬ 
ͳƿӣʼ䣬ɢ˵ľ㡣һڽȥŻʣ㲻ҾģҲа취ͷʲôӣԼ飡 
ʣˮЦжõʣ 
俴ʣ˫ 
ˮЦݣԼȡôͻԼͽˣǰ׵ˡ 
˿ԶɽˮǰĽ̵ִֽ̹ʮ֮꣬ѱǧ**ؼȫȻȫ޳ˡ 
ʵҲ˵ǺأɽҲм 
ҲмתͷˮҼŵμ۵ʱҲȺۡ 
ˮЦЦЩ¾ͱˡ 
ҲˣֻǣǳʲôӾˡ 
ˮӶ򡣡ҽѵҪãǿҲò۰ɣˮӷǳ⡣ 
ƳһֻۡϣĶܽס߳ɷ 



                  ڶʮ ˭˵ɲ




ˮӶ˱ʾǿҵıӡ˵̵ģû̵˺ŵġ 
лάƵ 
ϲʲôأԶԶһ峺 
ϣСˣ˺ǺЦ 
ˮʱɫһ䡣 
쭣һɫӰǰڰ֮ϣۣӣۣ 
Ȱ£ˮ㱣㾹Ȼ˽ְأ 
ʦֵţõ𣿡𿴿ˡ 
ˮƺʲô˿ϴžȥ鷳ҲǾĵĵӵһ󣬲Ȼ֪ͨңҲˡ 
˼µĺȾơ 
ǵطڳҪ궼Щ֪ߵغСӣýġľƣһڡ 
Ҳû⣬ӻͳһƿȡ۵ᣬӢͻҲһȥˡ 
ǸΪӦٶ·Сһ 
˵˵ͷͶ̥Ҳжˡ 
žãñӵĿ⿴ˡˣ֪žǽɱɻȥģ 
ܸȤ˱ʾ޹ءҪˣɲֻžһˡ 
ˮӲüȻ֪ɱ˺ܶ࣬ôۣ 
ֲۣøоķСС 
һ뿴ˡȴµĿԶĸƣıϡԼҲ֪ԼʵҲҾĵĵӣǿƲƣɽˣ𣿡 
ôǿķ𲻹ķ˸ۡһֱôǿķβ֪ 

һֱЦЦĿ 
𱻶е顣ʱҲڡ 
ƳһۣûûвԼʵҲãǾˣҪˡ 
һֱִȥ֣Ӧڹ۲ľôˮաϾ׾ֻǸߴиŮ񷣬ǻ֮ףҲ޷׵һ֮ǡ 
ˣˣ£һֱûзŵ̨ϣֻǼڹעţҲ޷ҧ¾һᷢٺһЦڰ֮ϡԱҲǷҪȥˣ 
ǲסֹܹأ 
ͯӵڵϲˡ 
ˮӺǺЦҵ뿴ηǿģϧǲġҲҿʲôرҲ׽ˡ˵ţվˮһӣС¡ 
ðɺðɣҼ̱ȥءҲȥǺɫһʧʡ 
ˮӻָׯϵշӰȥ 
Ŀȥлȥ 
֮ϣ紵 



                  ڶʮ ֮ھ




Եֻ˳Ϊʾ˫Ǹˣ׷뿪ĵͬʱҲڷţϧķʽǡ׹䣡 
Ī뱻ӣѣҲ۾鼱֮£ٻرƷ׹µٶȣܹ˫ۡ 
һռ䣬֮һ޼ʵǸߴ֦ҶΪòݻƬɭҫŽɫĹââ֮⣬нɫѺڿԼʦʦֽԼĿռ֮ĪѾ߲ߡ 
ûжռ䵽жʲôĪ뼱Ѱһ 
˵뷨󣬻Ī벻̫ԶȻ治ԶֻץŽѣץס׵ģǸɴӣûɵһ˫ĶˣȻ죡 
ܲ۲죬ĪȥԽͳһŴס䡣 
棬ǱŴ 
˲ù۲ݻľԼ·ʵʦǸģôйζ 
ĪЦúܿģõģҼҼӷʿϲˣ 
ʲôûмУӵڡȻôĶסң 
𣿡ĪսᡣҲûʲôζþûˡ 
ĪĶӡ 
ӱˣ͵ؿʼѵۣӻҪһȥ 
Ѱط·Լˮļһȶֻ»˿ܻڳŮӣŭˡָҪڵӴУ㣡ô˲֪߳ܣҲܻ䣬ŮڴˣҪϷҲصĵѣô˲棡 
Ī²ۣˣȻˡ 
ǣǣҲ֪Ļߵģץ·ҲǣҲǡȻûлݣ 

һۡ˭˵ˣ 
ˣǸָĪ롣ϾסԺ͵Ǹ 
Ŷˡ 
ĪƳһۣͷ˵ҵʱ·ˣˣǸʲô 
ʲô 
ɻĿӣҵһ˿ϵӡ 
ӸӲߣֻǱͨŮӸϳ࣬ƺһ綼ܴĽӵĻƺЩ졣 
㡭ǡͻȻͼ壬ָǰֻĵ۾ȽرӽеĪǣǴ˵ɵˣ 



                  ڶʮ а




ԻͳһСϸĺ˳ţӡ 
ùõְĪе 
Ͳ꣬˵š 
ȣӣҲӵɤӡ 
ᣬڷ飬ֺӡߣ԰˵㡣 
һ죬ʵ졣 
ǰ̳ţҲ˵̳ɽҪı֮һڡ 
ڣĪ뻳һӡͷϵĽڡ 
ϸڲͨĻƽƳɣƻƽȴȻƽɫЩĻƱȷ˿Ҫϸ£пƺ֣ȴϲʲô 
ָСڣĸΪƵıڵҶԣΪΣ֮ԱԪͨʹãԳʹ÷δ¼ 
ĪչȥԭС˹֣ע⡣Ƴʱճõ顣 
Ȿ˭дģôϸ 
ͨ˼аԵİ֮ 
ŶŶĪ۷Ź⡣˵һһ棬㵽ģ 
һǧƽͿ򵽡 
ȿȡӿŮͻȻתƻ⣬֪ΪʲôЩˬ 
Ī뿴ǰ˵ŵӡصˣĪָǰˣǲ¼ɱ˻ݵļһôصˣ 
ңȴ֪Ϊʲô˲йҾǸ˵еӣֻһ޷ֺţֻʧˡ 
ҿ֮ҵĴ⣡Īŭˡ 
һֻۣ֮ʧŭʲôġ 

Ƕʦ˵̬𣿡 
ûӡ˵ʧΪʲôҪǴطѵҪⲻģʦ壭𣿡ѡʦ塱ҧúء 
Ī뿹飬һûĵÿ·͵ģҺò״ҵȥİ취˭֪Ƕڳڴֵˣ 
Īֲ˵ѡ 
Ī뿹ͷȡʣôģ 
ּΡΪ˰󻤷ȥ԰Ӳ죬ò״԰ܳȴСĵ 
󻤷ĸˣԹ˼꣬ţΪʲôҪ󻤷ѵʲôǲ֪İ֮ٶȼգ¾ 
Ҳûʲôӱƽֻòˡ󻤷ǽȥʾֹģУʱ䶼ûУҾŸɴˡ 
ۣϣĪ˫˷ܵú޲ͱʼ¼Ĵ֮ʧӱְ˽ܽϣ 
Ȳ˵ˣһ·ɣһζ 
ȥɣȥɣĪָӲԶελá 
ǸӲ˼ЦšѣܲܰҴӽͳһ· 



                  ڶʮ Ů




㲻ص𣿡 
㲻𣿡 
Ů˼СΪʲôԼĽӶ򲻿 
εЦЦʧˣʲôá 
ɵץֳ֣һ˿ʶ̽ӵķ 
Ī֪ƽûûСȴǲ֮ˣҲ̽ 
˭֪ӵûа룬ʱɫ䣬Ī벻ã˷ؽ˴ɣŷֿ 
Ī뼱æȥ𻳵˰죬ŵûصûɽûΪȵǰˡ 
ӿûлôǱԼϵĻңӦû󻤷˵صţӦþǡ 
˻ļӦûˡҿԽʧˣѽӸҰɣ 
ͳʯָݸĪ롣 
ַʵǴԼĿռԿףռڽӱֻҪֳЩضķܴ򿪡ЩҲطЩܴʩʹֻӵı˲ܴ򿪣޷ʹõġ 
Īӹ÷ԣûд򿪡 
ּӴȣûд򿪣ֻεĿ⿴ӡ 
ˡ㲻򲻿 
Ķ㶼򲻿Īֱ׳Ľе 
ô죿ӿĪĿдЩί˫Ķ˵ǻ˵ 
Ī뿴оܻľĻƺǵӣֻعͷŵ򵨱ҧɴ򿪣үү· 
һһԵæеĽҶӣ 
ȼյİ֮껹ûȡ 

ӱԸǵͷԼϵζһҧͿһ£ȻҪ· 
ɽ 
Ӻߵİͷժסɴ̧ͷ 
Īͻɴ۾´һ˿㡣 
ӵȫǰԭСɵĴ֮΢΢ֿûкϡ 
⡭Ҳ̫˰ɣֻ˫ģֱͦӣ죬üǴߴ˵ķ飬ǾϻкᣬҲ˾ȻǸˣ 
ʱкߣѩշɺ죬ǽŮ˿ּϲζ£ζ 
Ī죬¿ˮ૵㣬ҲҪÿ棬ȻϺڣ 
Ӻܲϰ߱Ŀæɴ˻ȥ 
Ī벻ɵЩÿϧ 
ĪԶˣһţϣеⱲһƯˣ 



                  ʮ źˤ




Ӵش֮߳ʱϵЬӡûв˵߲ߴҲĪǿ׳ЩĪ·Ŷһأ·ҲСһЩ³Żˡ 
Ҳ·ʱɫѣӣۣһЦɫŻЩ 
Īˣ˵Ƕǧ񷱾Ǹˣݸţ߹Ǵӹ¶׷ĪҪҪɱĪž֮߰࣬ҲǸ۲۵ˡСҲǸˣѾ˼ټĽɫˡԶҲޣҲûлá侲˼£뿪İ취ҲûͷǴӿʳϢ˵á 
ҲûȡЦӣĪɤʵӣקǴΣôȥģ 
ԴΪΡҲ̫ʱҺͿģȻֻĴߣ˴ɫ죬;ɫҲûע⵽ԼߵһȪߣԲ͵̨ӣ̨ϻƹҲǺ棬վȥ˭֪վȥ֮󣬾͵һֵĿռ䣬ĴʲôûУֻͷϲԶиССԲζաһܸˣæסڷȥ˭֪ǶھͲһ˺þã档ҸҪȥץĽţָ˵ 
ҲΪ죬ݺݵһۡ 
Ī۾һ˵վһԲ̨֮ϣȥֵĿռ䣬Ǹռ棿 
û 
Ǿͺð죡Ī뻳ӣ¶ϲɫҵǸطǾܳȥˣ 
ãӵͷλҲ֮ˣǿطͶλһˣ 
ãԼȽһ飬Լ 
ĪеôԼˣô죿 
ŮӣӣѵҺһ𣿡 
ҲŮӰ 

⡭ðɣ˭òӣ 
Īӣֻӷ 
ĪĽΪǸ߿ƼƷϲѰңʳ̲ߣҲһףѰϼ֡ 
൱ڽϣΪӵĪи˵ϾҲǸ۲۵ŮǸûнѵĴŮӣȻϰӼԼʱ򣬲һͷ֡ 
ҡҡλ֮䣬ӾŲѣסĪĪŭʶ˫ֿס˫תһܣ˷ȥһԶ 
֦֮Ҷϣʱ񷭷ɣ䣬һݻ 
ӱĽмͷҹȥɴƵĪ·Ҳ˲֪ӡ 
ĪɫҲûʹʵʵԼ˾ϵĻҳ 
ϿѡȻţˤ 



                  ʮһ ɱ




Īŭ£ĬĬطɽƤ֮ҪĴָ 
ѧˣ֪Īûٴ§סĪסĪļ 
ǺܽӵĺĪ뾱䡢󣬽ģ˵ļ¶ƤҲһ 
ԴȥĪ 
Ϊʲô 
£ 
ããӱͷȥôôУ 
ӵĺֹͣɧĪ룬ٴη 
ڽϣһֱЦĪ 
૵ôôأǴ㣬Ϊʲôһϳ֣ĪְҲǺϸأ 
˻һĪҲԼڸ߿֮ϣʹ÷ȵ£תһܣһ˳ȥҽУһ̳ 
ɵúԶЦ 
ĪҽУ񷭷ɵľ 
˾Ĭһ󣬻Ī룺ûˣǲˣ 
Īе飬ô˵˼ҲصţǴʱԼУ˽ 
һѸٷɹȥ 
ӴʱſⱦɴҲɵ֪ȥˣĪ·ǳؤװ˶Ҳƻ˹ȥ 
㶯ֵӣĪֻӣְӱƽڵϡǵؤװӣĪʱҲˡ 
ĪӵŻ۾ҪΪģᶼҵ 
Ī뿴򻳵ˣԴˤˣ 
Ī룬ٿӣӣ㻹ǵʲô 
롣ʲôǵãҲǵΪҡţĪ 
ĪĻȱҲûбܿĪƺ͸Ī뿴˼ѾõգڻͻȻ۴ǿʲôֵĶ 
ôĪͻҲһ 
ָĪ룬ĵĳ۵ɵøѿǡ 
ôҲĪʱҲɴ۾ 
ңĪ󾪣ôһԼͳ⣿ 
ӽȡͭһԼҲΪȣԭһ֮£Ȼϵ۷Ĩˣ 

ĪƵʱϽŨֻ÷ӣվ 
ҲһϢˣ㶿Ī룬ͻһ©°㾫ʻ档 
ĪŨŨĪӰγһתļ롣 
ɲǼ䣬ǿһŨȻʧĪҲȻ֡ 
ʱֵĪ룬ò󣬶ǻԭԼŮ 
欣磬֬ԡ۲ˮɲ⡣ 
֮ĴԽ֮ǰ࣬Ҳࡣ 
˵ʱֻǳΪƯĻĳΪɫˡ 
һװȻûסɫ 
ĬĬڼϵͭݸĪ롣 
ĪҲԼò 
ҡ𣿡 
ʹĵͷӦû 
պҾ֪Ůӣȴû뵽ֹ׵ŮӾȻô֮һ̫֮һ̫̣̫ףʩ̫ࡣһɫӣ 
ĪʲôҲû˵ӵͭһɽкȥ 



                  ʮ ҰҪȫ




ڰУĪҲڷɽ֮ϵʱĬĬϷɽϵЬӡûȴǳɵĪ뱣ֲҲȥľ룬˫ĪϣͷȥԼĺĶϡ 
ƽµڿѲһȦռģ޴ΧмɫѺҲҫɫ 
ĪĻ˵˼ǸƥĿռ䡣 
һֱֲͣʱž˿ռķ羰ڱ𴦿鱦һѣȻ۲ѣ޲þΪУŮҲȥġڴ˴˵ϵǻʵ⣬һжǽ鱦ɣˣûʵУҲϲˡο˴鱦緱ǣǷδʵ 
ѭź˵ͷɣѰ˵ԱԲ̨Ȫۡ 
ѲãҲûм˵ȪۣЩƣֻۣڽɫ֮ǰ¡ 
֮ȻʳʳԵʳȴ˶ԱٹȡĪͻ޵̶̶ҵˣһͲ١ 
ĪĸطҵˣﶼûУۼЩˣЩʳҲûзӣȥ» 
һ˵һֱ͵͵Ī룬Ͼ˼Ҳʼ 
ͳССֽССġ԰ɣ 
ٳ԰ɣҲЩʳ˱ʳá 
ԻǴĪӣʵĽӶ 
ĪûлشͳϴСͳɽҩڵϡ 
ģʳ𣿡 
ʳãǸöǰɣĪ뿴Ȼӣͷ 
ĪļӣͳЩ̼ĬĬȼͳľסζϡˮȵ£ɽҩƤӵͼӵμӵˮһˡ 
ûզ಻ѡѵԽԤ 
ĪǺɵЦ֮ǰ¾ʣµĲϣһмأ 

ˣȥʲôΪ;ߵĶ˵ţŲԶĺȥ 
ĪĬĬŹʳҲһֱĬ͵ӡ 
ͻȻһգ˿ϸ󷹲£Ҳǰĸ 
λ￴Ȼ󷹲һԹ޻ڡ 
Ȼϧǰ˲ΪҶ 
̰ĵļһĪɹȥ㡣 
ޣӴϲ㡣ˣ´αˡ 
Ī뻹û˵仰ԶС 
Ҳ˲ó죬Ѹ˹ȥˮ߼Уǽǵûаʹ࣬е˷ܡ 
ôĪչȥ 
ͻȻץסĪ˫ۣУ֪ʲôطˣ֪ʲôطˣǷ 



                  ʮ һ𷢴




ҳǰʲôģ 
ƮƮ/ƮƮ/ƮƮɫȺԣ϶Ǹ߽ׯϣɷǣƺ֮ﶼʮǧԶ 
ԻͻȻеǷֻʱĪ̴ӵǱ 
ӵûʲôȵģǰʵʲôˣ 
˷ܵ㿴Ȫˮ 
ȪˮôĪ˵ţѵĺôĺôȪˮأ׶תɫԣ֪ȥ 
㲻ˮǱ̵𣿡 
Ǳ̵ûˮɫɫĶڴ˵ܱ߽֦Ҷһȴܺг 
ݼءͳСӡĸסɽڵҲǵʱĸĵմһ 
Ҳŵͷ 
˭֪ 
ǣݼأĸס֮أ޻ƣʣ֮Ȫ˴𣿡 
ڿУȷʵǽءҲ޳˵ 
˵ǣɫƱ񣬷зʳ֮𣬸ʤ٣书Ч׿漴ָӣԴǸڴ˵ƵĲ֮һ࣡˵ţţƷһСڡȻʤ 
ĪҲȥһڣ׷׵ͷ 
Ǿ˵Щĸﹲͬ硣Ī벻⡣ 
Щڰָָܡ 
ЩԭصĲĸҲûа취ȫ߰ɣ˷ܵĦȭƣջСӡû뵽Ѱõĸʾӣҵ 

Īûô˷ܣҲһ˷ܵӡӦһĸʱķӦǱ˳Ǵġ 
ͷͷϵڣطӡǣҲȱһɵġ 
һɹ 
ĪȻ򡣡֮ǰûҵ˵ȪۣΪһֱΪ⻹Ȫˮ֪ʵ֮ȪôѰͷˣ 
Ǿ˳ȪˮȥѰȪ۰ɣ 
ĪͷԹȥѰҲü 
ȥȴֶ׻ȪߣͳװˮĴӣеˮʹװļӣµջؽ档 
ĿɿڴĿĪ롣 
Ī֮ʲôûŮ뻳һȥʳˡ 
ѧĪ룬ӣҲȥ 



                  ʮ ڷ˼




һɽҩ˷ʳͲ˶Ը뱥ÿ˼С 
˳ſܿȪˮͷɣȻñҵȪڡ 
Ȫ۸ȪˮзˮУʵ˳˳¶Ե֮ͣǰȪˮζȴһ£ûĲӣʮִ 
Ȫһи˸ߵԲ̨滨ƹȻͬ˵ĹͳСӣ˰Ҳûʲôջء 
Ī뿴Բ̨ϻƣٿͷϽڵ֡⻨ƺϵƣĪҲͬһ֣ 
Ī룺Ҳֻʶˣ㶼ʶǻʲô취 
ָ뿪֮ǰ˸ĪһΪ⡱ĽؼؼֻĪһܿö¡ 
ϵ֣ȴδʶ֣ĪεӣȻ֮ǰȥԲ̨ͳȥǾͬʱ̤Բ̨Կɡ 
ӱʾͬ⡣ 
һ£ͣһ£ҪժҶ 
ҲժŰɣĪ룬ԺҲٽռ䣬ժЩҲ֤Լĸסĵطɣ 
˰ժȡҶŽСӣպãǣ֣׼Բ̨ 
ӱŻȽϽЩȴƸȦӣҪĪǣ֡ 
εķɿŰ۸̧ţԲ̨ 
һ£ͻȻͣ΢졣ȻѾʧȥ󻤷һǱĳȥüĵѿ񲻶棿 
üĵѿѵǿͲ𣿡Ī쳤ХΪʲôڱɽĵͽ 
λǱۣ⿴Ǳ֪üĵ԰֣ײˣΪ֮ͽΪ 
ѾǸͽˡҲãŲ岻Ĵȥŵ˾ĴˡĪͳ·ݸӡֻʣһ·ˣȥ˰ɣ 

ΪжѾŪ˵һ·˻ʣ·ҡĲ˵ˣл 
Īɲڸж㻹Ǳˣˡ˵ôл·ģźѪķ˴ԼҲܼˡ 
ӸΪж£صϧȥˡ˵꣬Լȥҵط£߻૵Ȼ˵·㸡Ƣ 
һֻЬȥҷɡ 
ɵúԶĪŻûüɳЬӣĴָ 
ʵ֤ŲˤʹòķڱƤ֮˺ 
һʱ䣬ѻ·ͷҲ룬ֻ·ԾСһء 
ǣ֣һԲ̨ӵǳɣ˵ţԲ̨һ˱Ļסǿ۾Ĭٶ۾֮ʱޱ޼ʵİɫռ䣬СڴС 
ӵжλڣҿ޷ٴη˼ˡ 
˵ĪֱϷɽϷ˲ԶӶڳȥ˼䡣 



                  ʮ һһ




˴ӷѸٷɳͼʧ賤ĲҲѸٻعСڲݴУֻԭΪɽгľ 
Ϧӳ˵Ӱ 
ӳ˿ڻص˼ˣ 
Ī˼ĿǶô£ 
²ۣĿȽ£ 
Ī벻²ۣӵ뻳һǸϹĸס֮£Ϊܡ 
Ӳ⡣²ʲôҪ£ΪҪҴΪܣ 
Īָָ¡ضǱĸǨ磬ȴ˽룬̣ıοѲ⣬ҲΪЩɧšˡ 
ӵͷС 
Уұҵò֮¡Ī˵ţһҾ 
ΪʲôĪ롣 
ҵòʦʩ֮ΪǱ֤Ҿڵ徻ǴʱѾƻʦ֮ϣֲΥ棬ԴΪܣ 
Ī˵ΪǸΪݣͼ徻֮¡ȴΪĪòɫ²ҪɧţΪݡǰͻãռȻΪܣͷǣ 
Ǹˣ˵ţĪŻҴ뿪 
û߶ԶĪͻȻͣ¡Ȼȥҵٻȥ 
ΪΣ⡣ 
ҵӣ˼鷳 
ϸĪͷͬ⡣ȥĪе 
ʲô£ 
˼ֻЩǧҪܣʦ˭ҲҪߣ 
һЦȻ֪˵ţȥˡ 
ĪĿͻȥԼδϿŮװˣҲΪǾĵĪ롣 
ŮװĴУĪģҸСͻȻȥҿ֣ȴ¿Ϊʵ˽ԼݡУҲ֪ȥδӡ 
ЩĪҲûԶٶʶ󿪣Ĵ 
֮£ȴΪȣΪ⸽иǿĴڣѸԼ 
Ҳ˲Զ飬Ī뼱æݣȴûüһɫӰɲǼ嵽Īǰ 
һԭǿ֡ 
Ǿ֣ϸĪȫرסʧһˣ 

ҡҡĪҲ֪ôشá 
û¾ͺãֳ˿ 
㡭һֱ𣿡Ī²⡣ 
ҡûֻرĪ롣 
޷ˡĪ뱻ýϢ 
ɿݱ⿪ˣ˭⿪ģ 
ʶˡĪͷ䲻ƭ֣Ҳܳӡ 
üͷһطζص˸ɵģ 
ǹ𣿱ô飿 
Īҡҡͷ 
ʶĪЩȴûϸȥͻȻʲô̧ͷա 
ʱѾ͸ĪſȥͷƬʲô 
ͻȻˣ 
ʲôˣ 



                  ʮ ԩҲͷ




ըһžҵˣ 
ĪëȫֱҪҸطͷ񷻳УУžžžɱˣϴαž򵽲ҵ¡ 
ḧĪĺ󱳣£ڡ 
žǿĪ벻Ծ񷻳ꡣ 
££ҲǿĪļ 
Ī̧ͷ񷡣 
΢Цſɫ֪ӿⰻȻ䣬Ī־ľƽ 
ḧͷӴԺ㣬ң 
סĪĴĪҪ˵ڵĻ˻ȥᵲǰ 
žȻ񷣬û뵽ҲҲ֪ɱҲܱȥĶػ磡 
ʱ˸飬䵭ƳһۣҲ֪֮Ե֣ǷдʲôԤԣֻ֪˱Ҫ֮ˣ˭Ҳö 
žһЦΪ֮𣬲Ľڣ㻹Ϊ۱ǸǨ𣿱̫Ϊˣ 
ΪҲãΪҲգΪں𣿱ǲΪԾ֪ˣ 
СҾû¹㣡ѵẦ𣿡ž׵˸γΡ 
㵱Ȼû¹ֻһֱûӮѣ˵ţȻγ߲ʹ򣬷С 
һԵĪЩ£ʱ˳񷵲ǰȻְϲͻȻ֮˽Ҫ֣֪žⵣСקק·΢Сİ 
ͷ΢ЦģҲ£ûдùҡȥɣԶ㣬ܿͽˣЦٴΰĪġ 
ǡСģĪιԹԵģȥ 

žĪȥʱŭˡ񷣬ΪʱߣҾҲ𣿡 
΢̡ߣҪߣˣȻصĵϡ 
ǿûǵȱˣڵҿɲǧǰôСˣ˵ţžչ 
˶һֿʱضɽҡ 
ɽţ͵ĵȫŵ÷׷ڰ֮УûģҲʦ˴ţѰûĵĴ֮ˡ 
ӵʱոձ󻤷ץûʼ칫ͱŴӷг±˿ǴҶ֪ΪʧʪɢУ֪ŮҪң 
ЩӢժǡڡɰ׺ͺûע⵽ڸоɽҡضʼٸڶʱĴѰĪ룡 
ĪʱҲûţ֪Լʵ̫ޣѰҰȫ֮˵ĵطϾָòֻҪɽж뱻˼ 
˭֪Խǲ뱻˼Խױ˼ 
װȻǰ 



                  ʮ ˼Ĵ




װ 
ĪһʱҲ֪ôӦԴˡ 
Ǳʦֶ۵ΪĪѲ֮һĶ֣ĪĪ״ܡ 
ƽʱˣĪ붨Ȼڰװʺ֮εĵͷ񡣿ϧڰװȫûʱ򰵰ҧгݵı飬ǴɵɵЩƾ޵ı顣 
ĪǱӴУȫԼʱԼԭӣң뿪ǰĳҹŻŮװεʱɵһ۷Чĵطġ򡱡⡰򡱾ǰװ 
ĪʱڻţûпװǰװĿĪѡ 
ʱˣװϲԴӼǰŮӣ޷ȵ˺ʣܲΪˣߵŮӹ׵ý޷̣ȫŮˡ 
ֻǸذ˵Ĵڡ 
ʱ˾ǰ 
ЩԼ۾۾˻ǰ 
㻹ǵ𣿡Żˣǰȥ 
װ⻰һĪɶͷԡ 
ͻȻž涨ȻճԼҲѴҸϿ߿Ҳûװеߣ̫Σˣ˵ţȥקװӣĿյȥ 
˾࣬ǣװЩ㱡 
ƵʱͻȻˣֻξʱŻᷢ 
װͻȻͣ 
Ī벻ʵôˣ 
װ͵׽סĪ˫֣ĴʹʵǿЩסĪ֣Լϡ 

Ī뱻һ֣ѸҪʲô 
װԼŵ֡𣿡 
պȻλˣȴΪԼˣ 
ĪȻǰȥŰװϡžžơɽҡض״㻹ʲôϷ𣿡 
װˣ 
Īֻקƽ̹ĵطȥţ¿ʼ˼޷վԱߵɽ忪ʼ𶯣ʯҽ̳Ŵʯľɽ֮ʲô 
ǵϿɽ廬µĪһãҲܰװʲô״̬Ʒ˦סװ֣Ȳסշ 
װĪ뵥ţڰգ̳ʯУһ㲻״ 
˸ո뿪棬ɽɽףضɽҡ䣬Ȼĩ 
Ī븡ڰУɸ̾Ȼ֮󡪡оǣܶܵضɽƣž˼Ķ 



                  ʮ պ




װͳɽҲʲô㶣Ī²ͣɻء 
ڵϣװѹȥæ׷Ī롣ˣ˵Σգ㻹ЩȥѰɣ 
Īˡĳƺŵòӷɽϵȥװæȥ§뻳С 
ĪʱʶԼѾָòʦֶǲ֪ԼʦĪ롣ֻǲϰԼԭòǲϰͻȻЩİʦֶǻ 
Ī뽩ӲЦЦлҵȻץʱҪ˵ţƿװ 
װȴû뿪§סĪӣͷĪૣҺòҵˣߣ 
˻ǻʱ䣡 
ĪͷΣʱ̣ΪĵӲȥˣڴ˶Ů鳤Ե̵ʦԵ²𣿡 
ñӿ۵òСĪöȻܹʹſԼ 
˭֪װȻĪ룬㣬ҲЩ顣 
ɽ𶯣Ҳ˵ֺžڴ򶷡Ȼһֱ񷶼ǿߵ̬֣Ī뻹ЩİΣԴʱװľӷꡣ 
㣡ĴĪţװû׼֮£ôӷɽϵ£ֻù巭תܣأҲŵȥ 
ĪƳ۰װƽ£ͷҲأž򶷵ķȥ 
һ·֮ϣֻŸɵӷ׷ӳ˷ɻɽأòעȼССĿнͨ¹ʡ 
Īûôֱ࣬ž򶷵ĵص㣬ɽ֮ϡ 
ɽԲǧ˵ص֮ʹõξޱ䣬žϢңĪҲķѵ㹦׷ٵõڵķ 
Ϊ鷳ǣװԶԶ׷ 
ĪѰȶ֮£װ˵ 

װĪͣ£ĵĸϹȥ 
Ī俴Ϊξң 
ҡСװʡԴھɽ𣬱С 
ɽԼֻŮװǴϴ֮˻·ֻˣˡǸġ򡱣 
⻯ΪӢӵĺУҲ̫ˣ 
װ仯һȻı飬ϲѣȫԼʱôĿж 
ĪĲ࣬οװҲ֪˭Ըɴ㡣ҶûȤæأңʵʵؾȥȻҸʦʰ㣡 
װ˷˹ȻǾ֮ˣҡ 
죡Ī˰װĻҲظղŵĻһţʲô飬ؾĽ㣡Ī˵꣬һԡǱߵĸҳ 



                  ʮ ʵܻӭ




䣬ҶһɫӰеȵɴһ˫Ķ˵۾Ծһҽͷ⣡ˣٺ٣˵⣬ȴЦз˫ۡ 
һԻˣ 
װҲһ 
ʵףھһĵ޶֣ǲСǸʦĪ룬۵ҲӦж֡ͻȻֵڴˣԼȴûи֪ĴڡĪⲻĿֵҲĸ֣ 
װϸˣȴȫĪ۾öգ 
òоòĿǺģĪ֪ˡ 
ôĪɲˣһֱԼǺ޲˱Ļ˰ߣһӴǾĹ 
ҡôµӡЦתΪЦ 
Ī뾪ȵԴҩҪأڲǺû᣿ 
ҲûֻǺôҲţҲܿȴǡ 
ţװȷͷϵķǴ˵еġڡȵĪǸ¾ӣ 
λʲôʱֵģӸΪȣָŰװĪ롣 
װɫ䣬²סֹǷѰҴ˵ŵĺۼ 
вŮûòļһѵǴ˵ᡢɲţ 
žȻʶˣѵǾɽӵĸˣ 
װеֶ˺ܶʡ 
Īǡ 
ѵûװһֱ 
һֱڣǾ£ΪװĪԼĻشǳ׳ա 
ǸĵͷǴкϧɴס˴󲿷ֵı飬װûп 

ûװĪ֡ˣΣգ㻹Զ˴صİɣ 
Ī뼱æԼ֡ 
Ц⸱ûʦٴθԼʩ֮û취صˡ 
סĪֵľֻһ˲ڰװзۡ 
װĪ룬Լ󡣡лŵĹģŸæǾĵˣɾĵ͡ǿΡġʣȻתͷĪǻؾİɣ 
Īͷһξðװǲġ 
תһ룬ˣĪ˵װԼĿǰ޷ʹ÷Ǳ޹꼰ҲԼ 
װֿӡӵúûţ˵£ðװȥȫĵطɣ 
Ҳ𲻴Ӧתͷ԰װţǳһЩԭʹ÷ͽȥȫĵطɣ 
װҲʲôͷԣͽһ߰ɣ 
Ī̴úãȴû 
´װһĴڣսĪ֣һ㣬˶ʱߣһž򶷵ķȥԶԶ°װ߷ţЦˣԺҪСˣ 



                  ʮ Сܾ




Сòã 
Īɸ۸ӿҲûЦĿĪ롣ɣܷ 
ȻңոΪ˵С㣿Īŭ 
ӵҲǸո뿪󻤷֪ 
Ī쿹飬 
ӼոУӵĶԻ֪Ż˦ҲһٴʱӦԣ 
ĪҲܸлҰѾҲһߣһнҪȥ 
ɽ˵ȣҴɽΪУǲȥѲɽ 
ѵͲò˽ˣ 
˽ʲô 
֮㲻ҪҡĪ֪ܣ־žڵĵط벻ԶԼӣҲҪȥǸλá 
ĪʱˣƿӡҪȥʲôط 
ΪΣգģһᱣģ 
˼Ѿ񷱣ˣͲҪȥˡҲҪ㱣Īȴӵ֡鼱֮£ţöԸװķԸӡ 
ķѱϵϴ룬ʱȻȴ֡ŬҲѲ֡ 
Īӵ֮ڣҲ֪˲Ǹ˳Ůˣȴû뵽˼ҡ 
ȥ鿴ɽд𣿾ôܣĪǲҵ 
뵽˴ӾԼܵ 
ΣԼʵһҪ˼ʶһ£ 
ţȴûзɣԴԴϵĽסĪ롣 
Ī뱻ͨ죬ȴֻӰǣţ޷ 
˵Ȼûע⵽Īӣžડһ˵ϸ΢ơ 
ĪûвЩ仯ȴͻȻԼƺӳӯ֪ʱ򣬷ƺһ㡣´ϲʱ˷ 
ҲܸˣΪĪֿ˭֪ĪһͷſѸײȥԶ˼ͷǹһߡ 

Ī밺ͷŵ´Σң 
ҡҡλεվ֡ϡһſصϡ 
ȻΪᡣĪȴԼʩȣֻܹȥ鿴˴ӾȻˣ 
Īƽ»ֹ 
ڵҲŴôûнôأ 
ǲ֪ΪִķˣĪ뷨ͷɣʵȻͻͽһ֣װ֮һָͷԵɵСɫ 
ҲûˣֻǿĪԼӲǰװ߷֣һϢ״ 
϶㡭ˣ˵Σգ㡭߰ɣ 
⻰˵ģбιҩĪ뷴˼ʹߵ 
ĪҽҲ֪ʥƷʱҲ˲۱ӵϰͳСĵιӡ 
ӺȥƷƷζ죺žЩʡ 
ⷴӦûд󰭣ȻƭԼι࣡ 
Īӣպýӡ 
׼ߵڵϺٺЦŵͻȻһ 



                  ʮ  ʱܼ




㡭֪ʲôĪһˮ£ͨ͸ 
ӿЦ֪Ķ֪û´Ļ콫ž 
ô֪ʶǣ 
΢΢һЦǵ飬˭֪ 
ʲô飿ĪͷƤը 
ֻԼΣҶ֪˰ɣҲôԵģ 
ЦøĪ⡣û֮ǰҾ֪Ĵڡ 
Ҿô𣿡Ī뱳亹ֱð 
ϣǾͶ֪ˡ 
ǡָ 
ָָϸɫɣ˼ţȫ֪ 
ĪѾ֪һЩȴû뵽֪࣬Ա죬 
Ҫǧǰ˵𣬵񷵮硣֮ʱͨʢ߲ʹâ֮أٻСⱾļףҲΪϲԸǵŮ񷣬ȴɲǼҷ𡣡 
Ҳû취 
ЦδֻǼبδʲ֪ΪΣ½ۣͻȻ˽ 
˭ 
УΨһ⣬Ԥ֪δ֮񡣡ӼԤԣǴ֮ף׵ʱԤЩ⻹Ԥĵ 
ңĪָԼıӡ 
ʱԤԣŮӵŻῪʼҡôңҳʲôӣнǺûǻҲûо嶨ۡ 
ֻЩĪҿҲûҳʲôӡ 
ӿܣСʵ׵ԤԣҲʲôʱ׼ȫ֪ǲҪ´ˣ 
ֲһʼûɱң 

ͷҪ˳Ӧ⣬Ͳ˺񷣬һֱǶ֪Ĵڣȴȥ㡣 
ôΪžҪɱң뵽žĪͱ󷢺 
Ȼ˳Ӧ⣬ЩԸ⿴仯ž 
ôˮӾԼʦԼҲΪ˳ӦΪ֮ɣ 
뼰˴ĪЩ 
ЦҲΪ˶ҵģ 
Ӻͷʱû˼䡭ҲΪ˶ 
ҵɣϲҵòôĵɰɣĪ 
ĪŮûкߣӺɡ̧ͷһɫ֮治ῴžΪҲͷĸȥոְɡ 
ҡ 
ǲһǲأ΢Ц˫֣ÿԴģĪŹѵһ꣬ʱȥĪ⣬ǰ˫ۿ㴫˵еᣬʱϡ 
Īͷĵȥɣ 



                  ʮ Χ




ʱԶ㿪Ĺ켣ƵȥչҪصԼĹ켣С 
Īʱܺţ˺ܿҵž 
Īžĵص㱾ǰɽĿյأʱɽѾ˻ƽ˴Ҳ˲٣ƽ˾벻ԶûκζĶС 
ʵ߶ΧԶԶսһֱûгֹеӣӢժǡڡɰסȵҲڴ˾ԶսȴûӣѰĪȥˡ 
ĪЯ˽òڣƮȻ֣зɡ 
⣬оޣȴ⡣Īδǰ֣վһߣ롣һΧ߽ԾȲѣ˽ 
˼ǺݺݵĪһۣĪ 
Ī֪ʦΪβãĿ֮Ҳûصʦߣֻӣʵʵվߣʵս 
󻤷ڳ֣͵͵Ĩͷϵĺһ˼ϵߣ󻤷˹СҵŴˣȥˣ 
б󻤷պǣ󻤷©һġ 
˽¡˵꣬תͷս 
󻤷дϲڻָˣ 
Ҳʱ˾ͻָˡ 
󻤷һԵĪ롣λСǣ 
ѡ 
Īž񷣬ἰԼҲʩ˸񡣡ҽСʲôأǱĪ֣ʦ鷳Ǳ֣鷳͸ˡ 
ʲôظ֪󻤷ӴĪҽܡ 
Ī˿Ƴ󻤷ȻסȴûͬҲ˿ 
ĪӡǻŶã 
ҡҡͷǰħħս˶ʮ졣 
 
ĪƵı飬Ц˰ܾˣҲʱˡ 

Īֻܸ֪δȴҪʱ̣ȴڴ򶷾٣֪Ҳۻ˸ñʱ 
ʱֻ´غ¡¡죬ظ 
˸շ𣬼ս 
ĪҪȡƯļƷɽȴסӣ΢΢һЦƾһĬھ䳤ǡվµĴС 
Ī룬֮ϡ¼ʵ֮У˰ġ 
Ŵ𶯼Ӿ磬ɽˮҲű䶯µȴûиһζǼʯ 
ҲգȻըѣɳʯ̳ 
̻ͨ˾Ȼŵ̱Թ۵Щ˶ǼŹµĸˣɳʯһɾ 
Ī뷴ӦЩǱӿУֵ˻ʯ 
ĵľٶĪЩġ 
ƺ֪Īʽ֮䣬͸̳ߡ 
žģһһӣǵصɳʯ֮ƣĪ롭ӡ 



                  ʮ ĪȻ




Ī뿴ɳʯľžľͷŵ÷ţȫɳʯľ뵲ǰ 
ûüʼӢ۾̾˿§סĪ롣ΪŮҲøҸڣ˵ţָһѹƵ˻ȥ 
ɲǼ䣬ʯһţžط˹ȥžУҵ÷ɳԶ 
ɳʯ̳žȥ˲ӽʲô 
§ŵĪҲ񷿴÷ǳ 
̬еȻһ˫ˣȴ۵úܡ 
Ī뱾Ϊϲž磬ǾȻи۵§ 
ŭˡ 
һţӼ㣬ͬʱƿĪ룬Ҳ֪»˳Ī§뻳С 
ĪǳʲôҲûУʵʵ񷱧ס 
ˣĪ붯ֵ𣿱ˣ 
ЦҵҪԣ˵ÿʣʲô˲𣡡˵ţֹ 
һķɡȵĿɨĪȫΪʲô 
ҡĪͷ񷻳Сҵ㡣 
Цɵϣžһ 
Ǵ˺ܾá 
ȼˣ 
ûС 
½žȥɣ 
ȥ磡 
⡭⡭˽ôÿλⶼô 
ôǸͻȻָӵ 
ӣûʲôϵĪ뿴ӣֿ񷣬ҡҡͷǸ࣬ʦ˼䣬ΪʲôҪȥ磿 
ЦˡҺһ˼𣿡 

֮ʣȻܳ˼䡣 
𣿡 
⡭ΪʲôΪʲôôϲԼΪԼ׽ϲЩϲɣǣİΪԼֵžܺһ 
öʳĪУ飬žˡ 
žɲĪ᲻ᣬֱЮž޴󾢷˹ 
ſĪ룬Լֵȥִ 
ӴᣬԶԶĪ룬ǵնҪӣٴԶԶɳȥ 
ȥ֮Ӳڰ˵㵵磬òɰһԴ񫣬˵һۡ 
أ󻤷ûչȥСʵţΪҪŮӣĪǣžȻʵŮˣ˵ţ󻤷ԹԿʵŮ˶صˣ 
ûĪ룬ѻ𣬿󻤷ԹԵĿģ޺޵ץŮӣֻأ¶Ҫˣ 
󻤷Ҳô󻤷̾뵽Ů˭ѵŮӾ 



                  ʮ ݱ




ûᵽÿһû׼ 
ûÿһһէ󻤷 
ǣǡ 
պŷˣЩ 
죡졭 
ˣЪЪɣ 
ĴгǾڳǲӦȥк 
˭ 
죡ļ仹ûȫָ 
Ǹȥľ˵ǸħŮѾ𣿡üĺͻ˵š 
˵֮ˣôģðǹ⡣ɾžò߽࣬˫žɫ˼䣬ȥĺҸŶ~~ 
ҲħŮˣˣȫ¶㡣 
˵⼸УԭǱأŵӻǹ󣡡Ц 
δذɣ껲ԵǸʲһȾƵĿ֣ 
ûû뵽ǾȻ봫˵еʹʹ찡ŭǰĪͻΪ֡һȾƵ飬Цû뵽ǱĲ 
պһŮӱˣŮװȻ˹ɫ껲Ҳܿġ 
ʺɾûգǽ񲻽˲鷳аһЦ 
ǰнлеԣѾˣ껲ЦοڴˣȲ꣬ȻҲῴǴߡǻǿŰɣ 
ԭҲεġǺǣɰЦ 
Ǹˡͬ⡣Ҫ߸жã 
ɰָں첲ġʦ߾Ͳ𣿡 
ûаʦ㣡ͻݵʦ㲻Ҫˣۣ۰ 
ǻûҵĪôûйɰɿ֣Զʣ૵ 

ӢƳһۣʲôû˵ 
߱۵һߡ 
û˺ѵӿһֱпÿžûչ˼ӱˣȻɳȥ 
ڵϣ߻ȦȦ˼ţԼϲϲأ 
񷾿ϲϲԼأϲǴʲôʱʼأ 
ϲΪλҪԼȥأ 
ϲΪԼʧļã 
ϲǲΪֻԼܺ׽Ż˿Լأ 
ˣԼڴ˵壬ʲôأ 
վʦ 
˷ȴȻޱ飬װ֪飬һĪӡ 
ʦҾô죿 



                  ʮ ž




ûʵһֱڹע 
Ŀǰܹ죬žһֱڴ򶷣Ѿƻصƺ;ֲ۵Ҳ޷˳УЩĸԴǸɲĵĵӡ 
Ϊͽĳԡ 
Ϊͽʵֻԭ 
һ˶׵ĵҲ⡣ɱΪ٣ҪҪ⣬ҪңЩҪɱ˵Ƥӵ£׷֡ߣ˷ĴҪɱҲҪʲ 
һΪУҲʦ顣 
Ͼ඼иģ 
ûкϲ 
СŮԴͷ޴־̰ͼݡܷģŮҲƲʲôˡ 
ΪסģҲΪھ㣬ЩǳŹ˼ؼʱ䡣 
û뵽̰СŮӣȻǸţ 
ŮӦǷùҩʼǳ˳ʱƣķԾ˵ٶۻ 
ãӼûкʦֵǽÿкҲţûл֪Լʵʵ 
ܿ죬Ѿ޷סˡ 
۵ǲᣬҲ֪û취ۣס˳ɵķӦϧûס 
¶˱ĿӴ 
žǸǻӣȴû뵽ƶ˵ľ֡ 
ʼδʲôأ 
 
˵ĳ˼ 
ˣλǰʩ񡣡ʦ棡λʦ壡 

ס 
ˣͺðˡ 
һϷ糾ͣѺܾáɫѡʦ棬ûҵĪʦ塣 
ˡ 
ǡҧҧ´ûм˵ȥˡ 
ûҵĪƣһֱͷǣȥأѵһ 
ţͷΧѰӵӰĿת˴Χŵǣž 
Ŀⶨžϡ 
žƺӦʲô 
һžԶԶɳȥ 
žϰ߱򵽷ڰУѸתһĵΧ۵ĵطǰ 
ر𻳵ãҵˣ 



                  ʮ ı




ϢＷ֡˭ã 
˴ʱҲΧ˹ſ 
˻ӻ֡ɢ˰ɣôġ 
˼⣬ûжΧۡ 
ɰЦһ˫۾ÿġ 
žſסļϸ¡ˡ 
֣һƣžסˡң 
ͨ죬ѿ˭ã˭ 
ãûǰļ𣿡 
ΪʲôҪǰļ䣿ˣڲɰ 
㡭žתˡˣѵΪ赲ɱջΪͽ𣿡 
˷ȥ͡ 
ž˲䵲ǰߣҸͣ 
һߵŮžȻתעȥǱߣΨֶԼʦŲȥһסŹȥһһܶ˶ڿšοΪţžҲʲô 
ǰŹȥȥˣǻʦš 
ԼѾĪ룬ǸӼעĿľˣ˵Сˡ 
ԼȻô⻬ۣԼ 
겻յӦİɣ 
ʱˣԼӦҲ˰ɣֻûлúôҲûл¶Ŀ 
Լһǰ֣ûлȥˡ 
ЩûиֲèҲ 
ȥͲȥˣ֮˴˶ǹ·˶ѣͬеʱٶѡ 
ֻǣʧȥ˺;ĵԼһˡ 
Ӵˣû˵Լɸ֡ 
ӴˣûԼͷԼԡ 
ӴˣûԼߣԼʳԡ 
Ӵˣûװ·мӷʴԼ 
Ӵˣû˼װԼǸͨˣЦŭ޽ɡ 
¶û 
˾ģ޷ѵˣûʹԼͰԼһ޵λá 

ԼҲһͨ˶ѡ 
ʱһִֻļ 
ᱧסͷߣ˵£һ㣬һᱣ㡣 
ţ񷡣ϲ𣿡 
ϲָоõĴʰɣ 
ϲ㣡ǿ̹Ȼ΢Ц 
𣿡 
Ը㡣ס֡ȫµӣ䣬Ҳ㡣 
һȵҺ廬գϡ 
Ťˡ 
ˮһЦžھˣ˽ɣ 
ͷá˵ţŤͷȥˡžЦڲɰ󲻸ҳɰ׿ֿúܿģӢЩգ˼ժʦǰ汻ţͬŶڽ䱸 
˷ԼҪأ 
Ҳãʹ߰ɣ 
˫֣ȥ 
ʱֻӴУ㲻Ҫߣ 
֮˻˾塣 



                  ʮ һ˵




ǰȻôҲס 
Ǹµ˽˲ƲǸʵࡣӶ¶ᶨ˼ġ 
ĵ˼䲻ң˼ã 
㲢࣬ѵݵ㣿ҧ 
תͷ񷣺ݵ𣿡 
񷿪Ц˵ݵ£ݵ£ 
ôȴ۵ġ 
Ķ룬ӣӣֻԸңҺܿġҸˣټ˵ţһЦ 
Ȼ໥ǣ֣ 
Ӳģǰ 
ӣ㻹Աֶ𣿡˵ţӡ 
Ҳʡ͵ĵƣ񷻹ûд㱻ϵķס 
΢΢һЦһ䣬طųɫ⻪ӷֿ֮£Ȼֵܵһ 
˼Լ˱ŴδɣһȥʽȴһŴסʱ״ȴˡ󻤷ûͷûβʵΪΣ 
һҲûͷûβĴʿʼˡңҲܷ 
˶ˣĦȭƵҲţ׷Χס 
˽ϾʱžԼǰ˼ʲôˣϰգתŻеҽٺúɣ 
˿ӻ֡Ҫˣ 
Ҳ˿ȴû˿ۻעӰоˡ 
Ҳ˿˹ȥ֮󣬴ʧɫЩУסСʦ棬ǸǸ 
˕һۡ 
֪¹ش󣬲ȴ 

ʱĪļʱ죬ԭΪȴû뵽Ȼ 
˴ʱû飬׼ʺͬȥ 
һԹۣ 
ƽٳ֣͵¸أʱɫѡһ㶼ʵʵվһߣ 
סû̽ߣΪջ𣬴ʱžðŭһЦľգȥһߵңϾͿԽǣ 
֪£ˣԼҪվһ 
΢΢һЦ˾ֽ̧ס֣ǹˣ 
΢Ц˸ڰУžӣụ˫֣ɨȺ 
˷׷ֻЩԶĻڽʣ˼˵ģ 
Ů£ 
ɱŮ䡭 
ž΢΢Ц򣬿עɥڴˣ 



                  ʮ ڱ




˫ۡҾô𣿡 
žĴڱ 
Բ˫ۡ˭ģ˭ҵĴڱҾʲôŻᱻޣ 
ס֡ʲôûЩˣ˵ţ㲻ϲұǣ 
žŭǲСǣ˵ţ־ʯɳ 
ʱɱ𣬳Ӿɳѵžһ㼿𣿡 
žԴҲΪȣʱʵ֮ǰֵʱȻ൱࣬䷨һǧ 
ףֻܿջ۵ûκȡɵķǷҩپգ°빦Ҳ̶ܶʱ֮ࡣ 
ѵ˵ 
žûмһץ⧲ץ˸š 
ӻ䣬¶˳ɫӳѩۣ 
Լ֮˱ɫһ 
žֵססȴһƯ۸˿ 
ЩҲǴҴһ˲ȴ۱⿪˲䡣 
˻ڽҿ 
˻ԱΧۣ 
Ȼ־󣬲ɫ 
һֱĬĬһԵӢʵʦ 
˴ƽٽ˻ؾġ 
ǣ 
꣡ժǣ 
ڣͬ 
Ǵ󻤷ţǴٽǴȥɣ 
ǡ 
У˼Ľ֮һƻ˽磬׼˵ 
˵꣬׷׷ȥ 
ɰף 
ڣ 
Ǹߡ 
֪ 

ȥ˴ӻͳһӭȥǷзʡ 
Щæŵʱ񷡢žȫڲι۱ۣ 
˷Ӧԭ˵еƯǺ 
еôףʲôŭʢ 
žȻۣҪʵΣ 
סԼͷʼסֱ۵žһ΢΢˺ 
ɤŹ󣬳趨Ȼ 
еˣæסôˣ 
쳣ʹ࣬ĻС 
ôˣ 
ôˣôˡ 
ôˣˣԽˣ񷣬ʧˡ 
ʧȥļɲǼӿУһǰѸת 
ʹż䴩ĴԣģĿհס 
ֹͣУ 
 
񷡣ˡ 



                  ʮ žû




ˣʲôЩͷԡ 
㱵񷣬ɫһ죬ʲôˡ 
ָˣ˷ܵýס˫ۡ 
ͷ 
һԵžüֱ顣СүҪͷ˶ѣû뵽Ȼָļ䣡 
ñͬĿžȻҾͲҪˣɽɫٽĽ硣ƻ˶಻ãûƻ磬ƻ˻ݲҲð~~~~~ 
ûл߶ȥ㱻žķɳȥ 
ܰ⾭õó뻯 
񷲻⡣ʲôо䣿 
ɵЦûʲô߰ɣߵ 
ţ㵱Ҳڰžһסļ硣 
Ȼλ˧˭Ҹ㲻ɣ 
񷾪ˡѵʧ֮ļȫˣ 
ʼ磬 
žȻӣ߳ŭؼ֡ 
΢̣׼žԼᣬΰסžֻֻ֣Ʒɽ߷ַشžظ 
žȻ̶ȻӦʱȴ֮£Ʒɽֱز 
ѪҺɽ̵ȹϣγɰ߰ߵĺɫӿ 
ûһ߷žžһԶԶ׹ɽ 
ͳӵմѪȻҲѪ 
̲žϣҲԶԶΧ۵ϣǳϣ 
ˮױŵ 
֣ЦĴ򻹲֪ҪãģžǿҲû취ǣ߰ɣ 
񷲻̫Ӧĳǡ濴㡭û˵ȥǿžµķɫ 

Ҳ˳ſȥ 
ֻž׹ɽϼ⽥ϼʤ֮ɢķǿ 
˼Ʋãʩ֪ͨʣ಻ɢʿŲɰ׺ͻԶԶ㿪 
ͼװҴҸţ߹ܣѰʲôˣֻйԹԵͷûмȥ 
ȻҲûлٿǣӵˡ 
˴ʱȻûΪ˵Ծžɢϼ⽥ʢ˫ĿԲɣӣ΢ţ˫ץסĸ첲΢ǰ㡣 
䲻̫Ӧĸı䣬ΪЩ£֣Щο 
ŷԼΪʧ̬վãһžˣ 
ʾͬ⣺ˣ 
֮ǰΪʲô棿 
ɽ˼߽磬Ľ硣˼䣬磬»ͨƻ˽磬Ǵ 
ŶŶˡʼ硣 
ƤƤı飬Цƻ˽磬ҲҪһ 



                  ʮһ 




ůģЦñȻãˣҲһЦ 
¡ֽգϵ¶ȣһֱůĵס 
໥ǣ֣ӯ 
ϧܰʱݣƬ̣ƿӭͷžһ 
ϲһ𣬶֮䣬Ҵܣ꼰ܡ 
ԾЩΧǲСУĹ֮£ΧѾûˡôô죿ͷһ֪˳ȥ̵ķ˹ 
ɴѾȥһŶ˵һɫѪδɣԶԶӡ 
ԶԶӣ߰ɣ 
ˣӿٶȸϹ 
ǰ´һûˣ뿪 
Ҳǽȣ֮ӵӦ֡ 
ûӣҪʲô 
Ҵߣ 
ЦˣΣգ㻹Լ߰ɣ 
˵֮䣬ע⵽ü֮Щ㯣Щ֮ɫԴ̬ȣƺҲЩ 
ȻΣգȻҲһͬԶ˴ΪֻҪȥأ 
ǷʲôԼȻа취ȥǹ˲ǡ 
֮⣬Ȼˣɫȥ 

˵֮䣬ѷ׷ߣԳҲҴ˽ⷬŭŭ㱾ǱԤΪµˣ㣬㲻ˣԲѣɵʵ㡭 
˵ӲסˡɨˣЩŵͷΡ 
ɫѵˣ΢ЦұصʵžʵȺ񽫣սиʧ֣ɢʵڲҵȷܳܵ˵ġ˵ӣ˶ѾˣҲ֣ϧҶ𡣡˵꣬תͷòɿ񡣡߰ɣ 
ٷһվƮƮȲȣòɣۡ 
жݡʱҲ 
ǺЦˡ΢ͷӣת⻪ó˵֮Ѿȷܿͨ͸ġ 
ŷ̶֣ʱ⣬仯֮ѾԶϣһĪǣѾָˣ 
⻰⣬˵Щҿ㻹ǿͽͽЩ߰ɣ 
Խ򲨼ķΧԽҲǼȥЩžϾҲƻ˽硣ʱ˵֣ȻϣӶ㣬˭̵֪Ĳߣֻ󻤷ˣԼҲ 
̾ǷҪ˻ˮҲ㣬Ͼصĵ̣ͺΪ֮ɣ˵꣬Ծһ̳Ʈ 



                  ʮ ߱




ըɽѾûСЩɽƽЩɽĥȥǣʵƲҲɾ¶εա 
ըγԲӣʯҲ֪ȥˣֻ񷡢ž뵹ڵϡ 
žɵ룬ɫ󣬷˯šȴ޷ңǱ紵 
λΧסڵϵˣˮƺѾ̽һ˵ơ 
˹ˮӿڣž˲ᣬҲʱûа취ǵʶֻôҽΡܴĺۼԵɵĻԣҲһ硣 
ȥ˱ǻӣǰűýʱʯѾù⣬޷ڴ˴սµĽѣ޷޸ˣҪάںϺˡ 
⻰粻˼顣Ȼ޷޸磬ҪںϹˣ뵽Ѿֿ꣬һжҪ¿ʼ˾ͷʹɣȻɲ٣٣иѾλĴ֮һŵ֣Ҫģ 
ᵽӣڱը֮ǰô⹦ʧأ 
ţ˺ŵ죬ʲôҪ 
λҲ춯žڰУȴĶ 
һζ 
еȣǸˡ 
СͲɰ˵ʦ壬ʲô 
Ծڳļλ൹ǶҲ΢ЦǸʲôԼش𣡡 
ǸסǸʲôҲ֪Ǹʲô 
˵ȴû̱ڵϣָָ㣡 
ŲԸ⣬ͷû 
˵ȥɾ 
ԸҲ㲻ȥˣ󷨾ӽеһˮͷһ¶ĿӣȵôС 
վ˷Լϵϡ˸ɾ 

ɰ׹ɵػˮ˿ڡ 
ҲһֱûйкʵţΪ굽ص£ 
ΪΣһԹոձը֮ǰȻ÷Ҫסžұȥæ֮ӿе䣬ֱӽصףȥѵ㣬žҪˣ 
ˮЦôױΪˣ˵ţܣԶ˽ӽ֪Լλ󲻱ǰˣѹҲ÷ˣλ˹ͬά˼򡣡ҲӡҲмǣѷǷˣҪ⣬Ҫ⡣ 
Ҫ⣬Ҫ⣬ζţҪάֲֺй͡Ƿݳֺõ 
Ϊ࣬УȴҲûʷ֮⣬ά˼ƽΪΣˮӵҪ˵ûʲôԹԣӦˡ 
ԶˣλҲԣһûʡ 
λɴ̾˿ʱԶԶһӰźӰأֻ۰ǰ 
˼˰ɫѿʲô 
ĴtԼѾˣֻúٺЦѾȥˣճճ 



                  ʮ ʱƽ




ʹȻǻװΡ 
ķУһŻĴм䣬ϣĿͨģȻһۣİ칫 
ƺЩѰ죬΢ü䣬дʲô 
žͬʱҲˡ 
 
 
Ϊλ 
ë׵ĺβͲڿĺɫͷؾԺɫأͷ 
һλߣϻƽסҫ۹âĸߵŮӣòޣȣһ˫ƯĵۣͦǷᴽɱ̣ͲǸ򵥽ɫ 
λʲô£ӭӡ 
͵Ĵˣ**սӵּ˼Ľѻ٣Ӵ˼ָ֮ǰ״̬Ҫǹڣƽںϡʱˣˣڼ䣬ÿȥͨ񡣡 
ü䡣˭ٵģǱ°ɣԼôûõϢ 
ʱºžΪԽԽףųзɽƽˡʱƻģ 
ĺ޺޵伣ȻǱ¸ҵҵ󰲰ֵַҲУɾȻº򶷣Ӧɱ 

Ѿ޷أ±ߣҲ֪ʱ֪ۺǴʱҲ޲¡ 
Ƴһۣ±񽫣Ҳ̫Ҵ±ӦֻǱ½ǧһֱҵҵеδձԭеķִҲ޴󰭡Ǵʱ˼ںϣûнķӣҲֻȼȶģű֮ٽˣ֮ǰλǰȥ̽»ÿ֡򵤷̫hˣפڽ總總˽⣬Ŀǰǰ˼䣿 
ĿǰûС̫h 
ȥǳը̫󣬷䴫罫ҪĻ̻̣ûȥ˼䡣 
ãҲ㹻ʱʵ˿ 
飺ȥټԲߣ 
ĵͷʱ»֮ǰǼҪȶ磡 
λ׷׵ͷȥˡ 



                  ʮ Ҳ佻




硣 
ڿССյΧмӴĵ졣 
ڴССյϣдеľУָɫ̻Իͣ豹桪Ǿ׵Ľ 
мӴĵ棬ĹӴ󡣹ΪΪ֦׺Уҫ֮£СҲҫĹâµɣ˫ 
⻪ӴԱߣСĵ졣Ҳǽ̻ԻֻͣǹģСһЩ 
ľдУСϪʻҲɾ֮ˡ 
ϹƹһǿҡһصĴɴ͸ɴࡣ 
м䣬ҲΪΧŻɫɴɴбϡ¶澲ŵ˶ 
һͷīɫɢڴϣ˫ĿգԭĴɫҲ԰˲٣ҲЩϵѱ޷£ϼɫĵ֡ 
һ࣬Σһ裬ֻԼһ࣬ԡ⣬ 
ʱһŮӣ˸ţԭˮ 
ˮԼȲ裬ȴӣɫȥǸӣԼ˱ȡ 
̧ۣ 
ˣҲ˰ɣˮ̫裬ֻһڱ¡ 
Ӧһ 
ˮǣ˵Ѿ˼ٴں֮ĴڲҪˡ 
⻰תͷˮ 
Ҳ˵Իȥˡ 
صʵ 
ľͻȥ 
վ𡣡ΣΪ 
ģɣһʲô 
ˣ磡 
ˮЦʲôʱص绹һأ۹æĿǰûټžžҲڸڣټأ 

ںִ۶ûʱ䴦ǻû¾ʱ¡ 
Ц۴ġ 
ˮû仰Ͼݲ࣬ҲδݵǸ࣬ѵҪ߱һһ 
Ȼб±һ 
꣬ҪһҲףˮĿһۡ 
Ȼ˵˴Ȼ׼񷽫̯ˮҪɣ 
ˮû˵ͳƴСľС 
棬ˮľСľиӴ򿪣ɢҷ㣬Ƣ 
ҾƵҩûֻһţۼǰ͵ҩơֻҪ£ֱӻɣ 
ӹϺӵ޹»ʲôҪ󣬽ɣ 
ˮһЦ㱨ֻ֮δ˵㡣ȸ£ûʲôãҾˣ 
񷿴һۣûжʱһԴϴ΢ҪҲҪɡ 
ȻѾˣ 



                  ʮ ۲




Ͻȥ 
ȻѾԼ 
˿ 
ãͷֱ֮ϣĿˮ衭˵ûƽ׵ڱģˮ֮ǰչˣѾܸмˣȻѾǽҵΣͲˮӵˣ⻰ʮֵĲˮҲЩҲסЦȻ룬Ҳǿ㣬ЩʱգǺң˵꣬񷣬Ҳû˵ʲôˡ 
ĿˮţЦ 
תͷ۾Цʲô 
ˮһֱά㣿ôˣԴˮ̬ȣԺܿġ 
ÿĸ첲˻ȥ˵ҵ֪ʵˮҵɡ 
ˣȤһߣŪ˳ĺڷʲôɣ 
ΪǼʲôʲôġ㲻֪𣿡 
֪ʲôѾ´ˣôͷζġ 
ȻѾôڱҾû취ˣ¸ۣ 
㸶ģϡ 
жסϵů 
ȴҪȤˮӵ˼ǻƺѾɹ˼磬ôһε˼ûأ 
һ˿Цǡʲô 
ҲԼ⻰࣬ϾѾǸǧˣǲԼģ׼ˡ 
뵽Ҳû˶µ£׼˯ԼĹ 

ȱȱҲ˽ 
ٴ񷲻ߡ 
һпԸ·㻻·ϴһͥԺ 
ط¶ˣ䲻ȣ̫ҫۣȴɹˣӳͥԺзޣСϪ壬ʵϲˡһԵʯʯӦǰһֻҲǰɣ񻨾Ҷ֣Ʒͬ㡣 
ⱭƯҲϲԼ裬ͻƷ裬Ϊġ 
ϲͺá˹ 
ԱСϣһˡߣһĺۣ̽߰ڸʵʵ 
ǡܾ졣 
ⲽ 



                  ʮ ǵ




ȻҪЩ 
˱衣 
Ҳ裬֪ȥ˺δ 
ɣ˼ԼԼ˭ֱȥĪʶԼ 
ɫҲ֪ȥʹգ 
Ҳش𣬶Լ֡ 
䳡ˡ 
˿ڲ裬ôȥ 
ʱҲǻС֣Цôˣ 
󣿡е˭ġ 
æϵ߲̽¶ɰû۵κκۼֻΪ겻⣬ɫ԰Щ 
󣡡ܿĵץס֮֡ǰȥûҵΪ㻻˱ĵطûȥ磡ôˣ 
֣ڰ׷Ĵ۾̧̧ޱĿȻʩ񡣡£ڱڼ䣬ÿ㱨 
ЦϣԼСţ󣡡 
󲢲ֱֱ񷡣 
񷿴ֿ󣬰ѹ£ȺȲ裬ȥ򣡡 
򣿲ˣæ˵ţذʯϡ 
ƣģʵȴ𰸣ģ˹Ҵ£Ϊʲô 
Ȳ裬ţȲ裬ţȲ裬š 
ȸһлСϣٺȸɣлСϣٴκȸɡ͵ȥˣСǧѧڣ 

һ磬ͷ£Ƶʱ֣һһϣڳ 
ǳչȥ֡ڻ𣿶̶̶ͳΪˣú 
ɰϣһ˫۾ľȻСٱְСܲĹġ˵ţִг˳ߣȥˡ 
Թִĺ壬ƵĿȥ 
ڻô֮ǰʶ𣿡 
ʶԼľԭԭĸ񷡣 
ЦҲ֮ǰҲֻΣû뵽֮ǰǻЩԵ 
Ϊʲôң 
һЦӦòǲ㣬Ǽɵݣᣡ 
ҵʲôݣĿ񷡣 
ҵ˰ЦޱȿģҲޱǷᡣ 



                  ʮ ôܱ̬




ȻǷᣬû䵭дӦ𣿡 
ҵʲôЦ˭֪ʵ֮ˣ㲻޸ң㻹Ҫ޸˭ 
˼ӿǿźҪȢأ 
һ⻰Цȥ§ն 
ȥû¿ʲôط 
Լηˣ 
ˮ˵ʱѾ硣 
Ǹʱˣ 
Ȼ 
磿ĴȻҺû⣬һķ 
ģΪ֮ס˼ĺܶﶼ硣 
ȥ 
ûлشֻһ˼С 
ܿ죬ԽССɫ죬ƫƧС͵죬ƣľ°Ȼ˼԰ڿС 
§԰ӣػȣ԰С¥С¥ǻ԰԰ĵŭţĶˡ 
ʲôطĴ 
ˮĵط 
ˮӸͻȻͨˮɣͣ½ŲĪҳǿŵҩ 
ǳǽŲͣ£Ҳߣֻͣ£ץס˫磬ĵǿŵҩ˫˫ɣԶһ˭Ҳ޷㣡 
ɫһóѰŮӹõļˣҪҲҪɣ 
ΪʲôɲصˮҪĴ̫ΪʣʲôģɫųߡͲһ𣿡 
ҡͷҲ֪תȥԹߵ£Ūһŵĵ 

ʶ˿ʼйصĵεΣȻ֣ƺߵı磬һԭΪ񷣡 
Ƶ˵ԭʲô 
ȻΪңΪҶΪҶڣȻҪҹһ 
Ϊܴ𣿡꣬ţ 
ǰ껨վֻ֡Ҳ껨һ~~һʧɣ˵ţ궪ġ 
ǣ겢ûС~~һʧȵͣƵС 
ΪԼˣ۾ 
ҲΪԼˣҲ۾ 
ּһ껨꣬ƵУûʧ 
˫֣ᴥĵȻûʧ 
У̬ 



                  ʮ ܻÿص




ˣˣͱˣˮŵ̬ڰϲöΪ̿ԼİǱĳͣȥļһ 
ϲҶĲʺáɫè乷ͻƽߵȵȡˮĻţЦݺױΪɵЦ 
һԻȦ߻Ȧƺ߶ʲôΪʲôҪԽ 
ˮû뵽˸ĵһĻȦȦĵϣ⻬ָĹ֣ϾĻƣҲǴ˵ϹֻƵľ˵˭޷Ϳķôƻˣ 
ˮס忿棬ҧžᡣ 
ǴµģƻԼģ 
ˮţţԽѹ·߷ߵϱץסĺӣŶ⡣ţҲץסĺӣ˳ȥȻصϴţרŸƻļһﶪ˳ȥ 
Ŷڵϣ۵С۵˰죬 
Ȼ񷣬ʲôԴˣ 
Цǵģ 
ϲ㰡Ц 
ллϰԵĿ 
ǣǻȥĸۡɣ 
ãմӦȻԼĿġȵȣǿŽߣ 
ǷҪ԰ɣԼҲԳɰ˵ 
ɣ񷿴дšš֡ɵ죬ܻſ𣿡 

ȥۡҾǲҪɣ 
ֻаÿָ֮ϲ֮࣬޲ж£мֻ𵤶͵ǰգ 
ǣҲʱ򣡿Ҳж꣬Сɡĵ£Ȼֱ׳ 
Ĳ˫˫ɣҧ 
벻ҪҵĸܣֻҪߣѵҾֻûбѡ𣿡 
ΪҶڵģΪʲôߣ 
ΪʲôֻΪڣûߵĵط֮ǰҲҪ飡ԽԽ 
㡭񷻹ûнȥˮ̲סˣһӣҪȥĵطȻعϡ 
񷶨һװŽ𵤵ǸӣץӣֻץջصԼĸۡ 



                  ʮ ı




ҲûصĸۡȻĻԼסķ䣬飡һعš 
ҲûҲĻȥԼķ䡣 
СŮƽȵǴԴǱܣοǿɣָΪ 
Ժģռķ䣬Լ治ϳȥ 
˵죬Ҳ̲סˣϾ٣£֮ûԹʲôǷǿҲܱٹȲʳ 
˷䣬ͥԺĸѸģԭдеľӨ͸ˮȡԺˮƳɵĹ͸ʣƻ㣬תξ 
ǰˡ 
ΪͥԺóأ͵͵ȻʻȴѾȷ˴𰸣ȻԾԲƯľԼ͡ 
벻ͦģ 
ԼôķŹôŶҪڵļֹԼĴųɣ 
ѹסǵЦ 
龰ɫʱˣ 
ͼݺ裬ɫŮŮСݸзˣɫǡ 
ϵغĻС֮⣬£ݺ䡪еҲȫŮӣ 
񷿿ϣīɢţ΢ƯҲĲŮӣӵұС 
嵽ǰŭɴСֱ񡯺ˣ˵꣬ͷߡ 

񷲻ֱʲôôû 
ϧʱѷޣûлش 
㡭ɡ֪ұŮҡһ䣬ɸŮҲʮ߰˵͡ϵĲҲɫɰɫ¡Լڿ񷣬ɬĵͷ˺պȾҲɫɲ͡ 
ŮӼܵҲɿ񷣬ϲѸٱΪɫ⣬ָ̫h䵭סͷվ΢΢һ񡣡£ѾϷ뿪ʼʾİɣ 
񷿴ܵķǺںɣ 
̫hԼȫûԼĻ©ظ£ѾϷ뿪ʼʾİɣ 
񷲻õĿһۣĪǱϷǰ˵ţһӣݺݺҲƾʧĿЩֻǻ𣿡 
ģֻзǿǻǸŵĳ̶ȡ֮һµЦǺǵ˳ 



                  ʮһ 絽




飬ûпҲûע 
ͬͷͷˮͷ䵽䵽ֺͷ⡣ 
ίѹڱӺ棬ٳûлѹԼݺѹ塣 
ŲںǸĵʣһ㶼ںκҪˡ 
ֲǷҪһģֻΪ˻¶ģΪκˣ 
żƷɽĿصڿзУһ·Խ죬˴ţӰʵˣѰߵĵ죬档 
⵺ûκεĽֻйʯᾣӲݴ 
ҲˣƷɽһƨڵϻȦȦ 
ӿͷǺ֮⣬ܵǹ¶ 
ô磬û֮ 
ʦԻȥˣž񷴳ôĻΪԼǱ磬ɵĵǺ޲Լ 
ԼԼ֮ԻڣҲΪɱӻѾɰͲԼЩȥ 
Ϊʲô۳ٳûнҪĬˮӸԼɵҪԼأ 
Īǡʲô 
ʲô鶼ҪԼҲֻúûţ嵭ĺԼϲƽһǿʲôֻҪƽͺá 
ǵʱû͵͵źĿ̽Ͳ񷡣ôҲͲһ˰ɣ 
ѡԸ˼ͨĲ÷죬ҲҪվƶ 
ѡԸû񷣬û񷣬ʱҲʹˡ 
ͷƣڷɢס 
 
Ҳ֪˶ãˡ 
µ¶ɨܣֲԶһˡ 

һۣͷýͷپվ޲ʧӢһ˫ֱֱǺ⡣ 
˭վӡ 
Цᣬ߽£СҲ˺㡣 
ˣģƾ˼ֺøС£ʩɽº£ 
˻һ񣬡ǺǡЦСɼޣЩʲô˾ǵô˶ˡ 
˶ 
⻰ЩϰߣɬС¶ѣɵ 
ȻС£ǾСɣСѰ˰ûѰѣ죡СɼѾãд㣬Сɲӣ˵ţϯضͳֽ͵һţ㻯Ϊ͸ּ̣˵ʯӣΪڰӡ 
תƻҲ̫ˣ 
Χ壬嵹ǻ档ȴΪƯȻ֪Ǹ۷Ҳûнסֻ̽˹ȥ 
̧ۼǺЦ⿴ 
ԣϧѾˣǰһڣʧȥʶ 



                  ʮ мܴ




ſһĵϡ 
⹬ߣиԺСǽξ񷶥׺Ŀſҹӳ 
ĲãĻʹͬ 
ټֻԼһˡ 
÷̽ȥҲûз׼ƿųȥ 
ƣûбƿ 
Ȿ֮ڣƶʱӴȫ 
ϧŻ˿δ 
ڿգĴѰҳڣѰ˺ܾãûκγڡԼͬץסʵʵĹ 
תһ룬ԼѾҲûʲô̫üֵЩҲʸɱԼҲûʲô˲ģԼ˶꣬ѾˡҲûʲôˡ 
񷡭ҲǷҪˣڿκˣҲӭȢŵԵ󣬸ˡԼƻףҲذɣ 
ԼⱲӾҲ٣СŮɴܡͬʦţ̸ùҲ㲻ˡ 
뵽Щ飬Щ 
̨ϣӽзʽС⣬ŪŴʱ䡣 
֪ͬʱɲƽ 
񷴦ùģѰʱѾѰټ 
ʱټΪѱȥѰңͬʹһǰ 
ʱ۱ׯϸϣɻܣˮҲһԡ 
žѾȺʱվһ£俴񷡣 
⾰ﲢʲôϡ澰ĴѰҲӰ 
ɤӣʸѰ˵ɣ壬ôûд 
ʩ񡣡СѰ£Ҳûҵ 

û 
ɫһ 
ɫҲơ񷣡˼֮㽫ߣûнû뵽㾹Ȼ 
Ȼûвȥһžأ 
žȻޣŲм׷ɱأ 
Ϊһһ֮ǣǰסžӡ 
ž֡˭ûв 
ŭʤҪѰһ鷳 
ʱһ룬 
ͷȥֹǼȥǸӣͷڡ 
ף 



                  ʮ ;ɱ




ûڴſڵףӳЦˣ֪ 
仰ܳɹڳɵĿ⡣ 
˳ֹߵĴţƮۣžǰͣ 
۵ףȻ֪Ͱɣ 
׵Ÿոɿž񷡣ۣǰҪΪ磬Ͳ˰ɣ 
̬ʵڲòɲʲô 
ңɿžֱץסס״ӿֵضûУֱֱ׳ȥײǽϣϡ 
ײһЦҵģƾҲ 
ſ׽յ̬Ȳ֮ͬ⣬ʵҲͬϣΪ⣬׷Χס 
ɫһףʲô̬ȣ 
ûۣץ񷡣񷱻ץס֮Ȼȫʧıǰ֪𣿡 
˵ţͳŷֽڵϡ 
˭Ҳֽ֪ܴʲôɷ׷׹Ƿֽ 
׼ˣһӣҲû֮ǰˣһ޻֮ķɣײǽϣֵ 
ֽڼ䣬飡һĴšֻйһʲôûУһʲô 
ɶסˡ 
ʱֻ۰׵С֡ 
Ϊ棬֮ǰΪֽʲôû뵽ȻǸˡ 
۰׵֮ȥˣţȹ̽Ѹ˾Ȼ 
Ҳ㲻ʲô£ܣ񷱻ץǸץУȥУʲôˣſ 

׷ſ񷣬ӳЦСһǲһǵޣ 
ӹ񷣬ڵϣϸˡ 
׿ۡСһ֪һʱû֮ǰҽʲô 
 
֪ҽۣˣɣ 
ֺƽټ˵㡣 
û񷣺ۣ 
񷱾ֻǷסײǽѣûʲô󰭡§סǣ⣬޴ȫۡ 
üͷŭ˳ɡ 
˳ɼҴԽ֮ǰҽ˳ɣҴԽ֮ҽף 
ѾҲǴԽģ 
Ȼɿ֡ 



                  ʮ 




ɿ֣񷱻ڵϣͷϡʹУͼע 
ϧֻˮñӵɨһۣû 
˳ԼؿڵڴԽ֮ǰұǸǰ;ѧңûʱ䰲ԼоĸոձȨ־ûܵǨĸоԽˣȻԽûпѧ磡ҾȻ׵ 
Ȼ㡭ѵһ磿 
ȻΪ˭Ūģ 
ŭˣָ˳ƿڴ˶СӹĺúõģקҾֵˡ¡ҪңҾ˺ģ 
ɫ䲻˼һ棬ҲǸŮӣû뵽ʱʼڳø״ʵŻһƱɡ 
žòԾбҴԽôԼȥ 
˳ӲˡңǸûоɹĿǰֻܵ͡ 
ԭǸӿѧҡȻ״ 
ǸΰĿѧң˳ɱףָۡøлңҲ˾֣ǻΪչ㣿ҲΪΪͽ 
㡭ָ˳ɣ˵ 
ˮɴ˫ۣһ¶ŵ񡣡˭׾Ȼۣɣ֪ʲôʱߵž𣿡 
žҡҡͷһ𣬿һĿ˳ɡ 
ֲýǧֻһԤԣ߷ߵվߡ 
˳δЦָ񵽣ǻԳΪʲôɣǶɵģʲôţǶ֪ɣôľ֣оһǧ꣬Ϊ˻ȥȻزȥǾͽңָ츳ûνʲôҲͲ֮ˣ 

⻰˿ҲѹʼǰˣˣԼûиĸûеԡûеӡûˮĹط 
ǡǡ˼Ľ类ƻô£۲ʵ 
ô֪˳ƳһۡҲǲɣ 
ŭ֮ˣҲҪһߵģ룡 
ΰĿѧң˳ɺʲôΪ׼֮ḳܽӽ𣿡 
ҲĹ 
˳ЦȻһɵģȻ˭ʵ𣿡ָۡ 
۲ 
˳ɲۣȻһҪлл㣬žһ˻һûаɾһĻأ 



                  ʮ 紦б̬




һʱŷִѹأһ׽ơ 
ۿɲ˳ϯʲôҪѶЦû£治֪Ѿ滻ˣԸۿɿȴĿ⡣ͽ 
ּ˳ɺΧס 
ǰˮס԰꣬ȵȥ 
ͷûмǰȥ 
ԼҲΧм䣬ˣϽ˳ɵ֣ȴűû˳ 
㡭ʲô 
ʲôָ𣿡˵ţ˳ɴһӣһȴûüɣȳķķɣˤ䣬޻֮ 
ֲ֮Ҳɫ 
㡭㡭ָ˳˵ȥˡ 
ͻ˵ģڱ֮ϣţӶ²ҿ㻹Ǹֱۣżˣ 
ż֣ꡱһЦˡ 
ЦľڱôЦóڰ 
㣡ָ񷡣㲻ǿڿ˵Ѿͷôں棿 

˳ɵʵЦû뵽£һѣŷ 
񷱾û׼Χ˳ɣʱʱ˿ϧҲƷɨһߣá 
˳Щո߸ϵǣǰô֮ 
ʲôƣʲôſڵžʵ 
˳ɡٺ١Цʲô֪оƣôҸ㽲еڶ˭˭˭ʧȥʧȥоԽĸƷ˵ţһߵǰסڣԶԶ׳ 
˳ɺ۵ıһ£§һܡô򵥣ô򵥣жҵˣ£ˣ㣡Խ֮ǰҾͰˣÿ͵͵Ŀ㡣ôȴЩ۵·Һۡ׼˺ö·㣬Ůװлʿˮַҵע⵽ңִЩ·ǣûпһۣҵˣûߣ˭Ҳ㣡 
 
Ա亹ֱðƤ衣 
˻Ǹ**ĸٿ 



                  ʮ ﶼ˳




˳ɽ§ŲöܵС۵Ƥһߵڵвܶ޲۾ðնֻɧŵ֣ 
ĿȻȡ˳ɣôʣ㲻üʣҵģָ񷡣Ҫ룡 
ˣ磬˳ɰƾɫâҾˣǿйˡ 
ʱĸλɲžԼжҲž񷻹мʢɾԼˣɫһ˳ɡ⼸ɹͬĹư磬ٶ൱Ŀ죬վһҲðӵʱ䡣 
ǻһ룬Щ˵Ķ뱻סһ˳дʵܡ 
ƣʵס˻Źɣµɻʹɫûм 
˳Цôˣλ 
Ǹֻ 
۾תתмҵʲôóֻŻ˭أ 
˳ûֻŮ˾Ůˣûаʶǣ׼ʱҪʱǵʾֻҪɫİťҲġơԶִ֮ǰ趨ĳ򡣡ԶԶһǸмȻһӲҴСĺɫť 
󣡡ʾӡ 
˳ɲõջԵõ󣬺þУ 
⻰Ҳʵڡʾͬ⡣ 
ô죬ˣ˳ɴչ 

ϽȥܰɣǵǸ֮һĿܡ 
֪㻹Ǹ񷣡˳ָˮ㣡ˮ֪Ʋأҵȥ޹ѣ 
ˮƲأһֱڵȴᣬû뵽ʱ˳ɾȻץź뷴Ҳù۲һ򣬱װȥ۵޹ 
ĸﱾסڴ˴ǲ֮ǰȥ֮ѰһζҩбֻʣɨŮ 
ŮȻ֪ǰ淢ʲô£ˮŸİŮӹˮӣĸﲻڹУ顣 
˳˹Ǹ񲡻ߣǾô뿪Ҳδ֪ 
ˮӣǾʹ뿪ɣˮӡ 
ˮҲдģס˳ɽٳصأҲ֪ͨĸ˵ţ֮ǰλŮλŮ˼ļٵģСɣСĸˮӿǵ𡣡 
ˮ̾Ҫڣ˳ɵҽˮС˵ûλŮҲ鱻ƵĻ͵ǣǽȥ 



                  ʮ ****Ի




˳ɵԿλŮһµŮˣĴɨţʲôڴ˴Ұ 
ʲôҪҪ㲻ҵĻ鷳ʹˡסҽ˳ɣ˵꣬λŮ̱ס˷ 
Ůʱ֪£䲻ȴҲûʲô취һ۵ǰɣ 
⻰ôûгأ 
ôг⣿Ůʵ 
ءҪǵĳ⣬Ǿͷδɣ 
ǣŮӵСɲ֪λ󡣡 
ˮӰɣ 
ˮָָʼ硣 
ŮȻˮĸ޹ 
ĸ޹˵޹˵԰֡ 
˴ţƵʤ¥Χмأ֦׺䣬ɢµϢĸоͬᡣ 
һˮûа취ݵɫڰߣƮ䣬ɫӳξ 
ˣ۾˿Ҽ˳ܹ黹ǸЩ¡ 
ŮΪŮӺǸص˳һ֮ѣֲⷢƣȴҶԣһ·ͣͣһС¥С¥ͱ£иס 
ϲĴȥûꡣ 
ˮעתˣͳֽд˼֡˳ɵĻ֮Ǵӳ顣Ůһۣͷ 
һȦλŮ㣬Сλôƺ 

λŮһ 
ɺ籡 
֮ҲͳֽдλŮһ£˳ɵĻʲô 
ˮλŮһҲͷ 
һ˼Ůֿʼһ֮󣬾ʱͬˣ˳ɵĻŻ֪ͨĸӵɢǰ 
Ӧ˳ɵ񽻸֪ͨ񽻸λŮ 
֮λŮ㿪ʼæµ 
ŻԡһŻͺȡʯȹɫĨأ񳯷Ͻ𻨵㣬οսﲽҡһӳɫۣ۽ױҺһĨЩϵġ 
꾭飬סװ䲻ǷƷҲ϶ĸõĶӦ˳ɻûġ 
Ȼ˳ǰ֮ʱֱ˫ֱۣþò԰Σѹûע⵽ŮʧӰ 



                  ʮ Ҹ




ȻһЦôûŮ 
⻰Цڴʱȴ˳ɵǱ̨ʡ 
ǹɫˣ˼䵱Ȼѵһ˿Լòûгģֻĺ͸֣֮Щɵвͻ 
˵вͬĻǵòϵʱ۾ͷòִ˵ص㣬Ӻˣͣ촽䴩װȴ˳ʵʵԼǸĴ 
˳ħһ㣬Ų 
ڳھǰϰܾõ̬ͺЦı齩۽ɨܣˮ͵͵Ǳ 
΢΢һƳȴ˱רע˳ɡ 
ˮ߻û˳ɵ½ǣֱסΣԭء 
Ҫ𣿡˳תеġֻ 
ˮεİڳ޹ı顣ϡմණ 
˳ЦôͻȻôѵҲˣҲˮӾͱˡ 
ˮεᣡᣡ 
Сˣϻ͵ҵĶ§ڻǲǣ 
Ҫ񶨣תһ룬Ȼ񲣬ȴûнͣ׷񶨷ƶԼˮ˻ȻôΪҲûа취ֻԽģ㾡ɱңʡΪͬ㡣⻰޷˳ɣͬһ磬ǲӦ໥εġ 
ôأ˳ɴս㡣ҵΨһļƷû㣬һʧԼҲ˺㣬ҪҸǣ֣֮ϡ 
ոմԽʱһֱԼˣûûеûеӡ绰һͻȻʵǸᣬԭͨˣһҲûл˵ƶˣ£ҿԶȡ磡㿴棬࣬ɶеӣǿƼĺô 

Ƽ绹ǲ 
߸ϣһࡣ֮£˼䡣 
ܿпϣ¿ȥɵĴȫֻԭź۵Ůޱź˳ɣػصѲߣ۵λϻ˸֮⣬û쳣 
ô͸㶨Щɣ 
Ҫ֪ЩɿǿĴڣǧһֱЧۣȻôױЧ˳ɣʵڲǶʱõ顣 
˳ʱЩȲᣬҴȥǰѡ 
ǰѣ˵Ҳ䡣ƸȦӴ̽䣬˭֪ȻҪȥ񷣬治֪Ŀʲô 
ҡҡͷȫͲÿ˰ɣ 
ȥɣ˳ҲԸⲻԸ⣬ӲΣ 



                  ʮ ̽ط




˳ɴΡ 
ȳ֮ΪΡȴ˼䲻ͬǵɾֻСǿûУҹ߳㣬¶ˡټĿռ䱻ԲľɺܶС䣬ÿһλɣ׷ױĿ񡣼˳ɺֻƳһۣûǣԼһ㡣 
ԭǶĺƽ˭ƽأ˳ʵڿտķ﷢졣 
ȱ񡣾ĵ֣֮Ҳ˭ӵģЩҲϲƼķ㡣˳ɲ϶ͣָǰ治Զĵη 
ǰȴЩϰ¡ 
Ҳ֪Լӽ˳ɵΪô룬񱻽ҿԼ񷱾ûˣǲҲʧ 
˳ɿôҼû£Ҳܶô 
ܶôܡŵôˣ 
Ҳûô㿴֪ˡ˳ǰģ㡣ҽгʦ˵⣬ԡ˵Լȥˡ 
Ŀ뿪ηǰ 
ĵη̫񷱻ɸӣڵϣ׵͸ϣ촽Ҳɫ 
˳̸ʱҲ¶ɫԾɹ̫֮಻ŭˣ 
šӦˡ 
Ư 
ллûôɣ 
û£㻹ðɣ 
š 
˶ԻˣԽȥ 

ͷͳһӵСҵһ㡣 
ʲôʱ͵ģû͹ﰡ 
ǲĿһۣȻ߬סǶá˵ţſŴѪ˿ 
ˣ 
ءһ죬ʺѪҺðޡ˼ڣѪҺԴԴϵĴӿ³һʱ˵ 
ҲƲ˳ɲ񷣬Ҳ϶ˣӣ̲סһᣬŴŵģߡ 
ĲáˣЦû㿴ôأѪ³ѡ 
Ҳûеģ۾ 
ûмֻһֱȴ˿ѪȾԸе˫ΪһĨɫ 
ٶ 
ᡣˣúչԼ˵꣬ͷҲأˡ 



                  ʮ 




Σ˳ɵ棬ûȥ 
鲻ѣô᲻ǰѣ 
޲õӻ˵ǴʱƿƽʵգǷʱԹ˭и飬ˣҵôܺܣ 
˳ɴסļ򡣡ܿͻ׼磬ٷ 
šһǴӦһ·޻ٷ 
ɫٷѼƻٷˮϣΪɫʯӳɫ͵ƹ⣬·ξһ㡣 
˴ǵȴʱŵΪ· 
аˮصķ䣬ƵǸȪ 
˳ЦЦȻ·ȥ㡣 
ʲôϷ 
ȪȥݣȻ˳ţȺˡ 
ɶǰ· 
ϰɲιϴ裬ɶȥ 
ɶĿһ۲ųȥ 
һƺʲôʱٽĻδⲻȻҲûţĴҴϢұÿҲûҵֻգ·ݽȪ 
Ȫˮ¸ոպã˿۾ѵõʱ⡣ 
ûݶãԣ˫ۣˮܿγУм䣬ֳ 
Ǿܽţ¶ˮǺͲӻ۵ļ˿ˮСҵʱ䲻࣬ͼ˵ǲ鵽˳ɰѿǷķĲϣֻлȡ£µİΣͿˣ 
ЦҺ˳ɲһˣȥ£Ҳȥܣ 
һ£ᶨЦᣬǸֻ˶ʮ꣬˶ٶ꣬㣡˵꣬һڳˮС 

УҰ׳գбӹ֮ЩʱŴȪг 
þ壬׼õ·û뵽ȻǼȡΪ磬ҲǴ䡣ճ弸ߣ¶Եɵ˸٣Ѱ˸ʯΣסͷ 
˷ţ˳Ѿ档һɫװ˵ɫ˧˧ģǸġ 
˳ɼױ磬֣֮࣬ʻȣ 
ƹƻͨЩƣȴҲŽȥ 
ȥһѾװɵӰĳһɳý䣬ˮ輸һˮҲǼԼķ񣬵ֻ̨ƻˮСƮƵĵţţ뱸Լеĸо 
ıݺһײǰĵεײĵס 
¡ΪⱲҲ޷ټ־󡣡 
˳һߣָС֡Ȼֻ֪͵ֻʸһ֡͡Ѿҵģպһͳ硣 
ס˫ֵ뷨ȻΪʲôٴ˹ 
˳ЦˡԴˣ£ǸѾˣˡ 
Ŷ~~ֲ÷ҪҲɣԭûѡ񰡣 



                  ʮһ ж




˳ΪԴף㰲οôܣҪ룬ֻһˡ 
ԲԼˣǰԼ 
ЦȥҶˡ 
Էɣ˳ɷſ֣ԼλãŵչͽáȻŵ𵶲棬пЩѪ˿ţţҧһСڡ 
Ƴһۣͽϥϣ˫ץ𵶲棬п飬æĴҧ£ҲڵȥûٹԹشһнţš 
˳ɿһǳɣ֮ٶ֮죬˷ָ 
㿴ܶ 
ϴγԷаˡŵþǣƷ˿ںơ 
Ҫǽ㻹ԷǽĹꡣ 
ǣڳԱ𣿡˳еܲ仯֮󣬽Ӳбʳ 
ԱˡȻƷźƣʱĶǷţոմţŵˡ 
˳Ҳûʳµ棬ῴ 
ҡҷ£޵Ӹ˼֣Ӱ֯У۽Ǵϣ޷飬ȴǰȥ̽ 
Ծ̽ȥס°ͣƤС򴽽ǡ 
˳ɾԼеڸɣվ˳Ҳվ΢˫ۣ۲ˡ 
Ĵᵽ˵ԼС˳ĴУһЩһ 
øأз~ 
˳Ҳ̲סһѰӣסԼϣһ˿϶ 

ݾУ˳ɱѹɳϡһһͷ赹ߡ 
ռұˣ⴩ҩϲϣ 
һƿԼţЦڷвú˽硣 
˳ɴʱѾû˺ɫ࣬û뵽󣬾Ȼһӣ 
һͳ˹˳ؿڵġֻ˳ɻû͸һ߿һСĵĽǶһߵɳϣû뵽߼˱˶߹˲ϣǶȻžһڵϣˤ˺ǡǡֻĻһ£űȥ 
Ϊ϶è壬ǽСķǷ˰죬Ҳûʲô쳣 
ֻǸûõƷûж룬һק˳ɣµ˸飬ҲûзʲôĶ 
ûпٷ˸飬Ҳûҵʲô 
˼ѿʲôطϣϵġֻŪͼҳ˿ 
ʱ 



                  ʮ ״




˳ɵļƣæǸֻװС˳ɵƣαװ˯ŵơʱšѵһ߿һɳ˽ 
һЩɶİףʱ˳ɼܵʱЩɶڳҲ֪ķ 
ʲô£ڳһ޹ıʵ 
ѸٴûˣŰעϡ 
Ϊɪ˳ɱοЩҲڵϣûм 
Ϊߣȴûŷŵߣƽʱ»Ҫٵ·ò֪˵ʲôá 
⡭Ǹ˻ǰ죬ҲûбĳЧĴʡ 
ʲô״𣿡ϡ 
ֻɵ˼άҲڶ·С 
㿴ġָָ䡣 
㡭ǿ˳ɣһŮʵ 
֪ڵҲ״̬˵ȻԼȴûס۹ô𣿡 
ʱûп⡣ȻѾ˳ɣͰķҰɣ 
ûҵʶǸֻĴڡ 
ûУɫһΪҲһ˳ɶͳΡ 
ûǷ˳ɶͳΣŸ첲ǲҪΪ顣 
㡭𲻽⡣ 
ؤװŭĪҪ˳֪ͨ磿仰һ˵˺ܶɵ˼׷׸͡ 

Щţ㲻 
ţЩɻƹȥ 
ЩùԼҪɱԼǷ̣Ǹ߸ϣͳµǣЩгߵĴڣ漰İȫʱҲʹһ켺ܰģ 
Цǲ˵㣿ôȷ˳ɲһ˻һͣ½Ų·Χʲô 
ȻĪûˮĶҩ 
Ҳ֪ˮԼҩˮڸԼҩʱֻĸŮߣǸ籵Ů֮뿪磬˵ȥĸȱȥˡⰽΪʲô֪ˮԼҩĪˮǸģ 
ˮһֱԼߣԼ˾֮ҲԼߣ֮ǰΪΪԼû뵽ȴΪ˳˵ıпˮͰһ˶˳ɵצ 
Լ֮ǰûгŵʲôƾʲôΪԼһվǱߣЩʵڿɣĪаԼһ˳ΪжȦף 
뵽´󾪣亹Ӷʻ 



                  ʮ ˳




ĿǰⳡΪңΧ˳ɵʬ壬ǰҲ˺󣬽 
ʱһŽŲֽһɡ 
ЩҲ׿ǽ׷Χסӡ˳ɵצ 
ЩɵǸ뷢԰׵ͷӣһȴúܣһӣǿ־ܣ˻һǲӣȳʹ·˵ţ׷߾һ¡ 
¾ûճֽɡǼܣɡ߶೤ǼֱҲһҡ 
׷߻䣬ԭΧŭĿӵɷ׷׻˷򣬶Χʹȥˣں󷽡 
ǽͻȻˡ 
ߵ֣ȫ£Ц裡㵱֪СɡǾ͵ҿԴ˳Ū˰ɣ 
⻰˵꣬ɷ׷״Цǰ׷ˣϹҲסˣ쭣ǽ棬һ߳ס֣Ȼɱ˳ɣ 
ɷ׷ȥͼվɳϣŲ֪ǻ˳ɣһˮƳɵĽ˳ɲϡ 
ɱ˳ɵƲ˳ɵצȴҲ 
ʹ˿С 
ˣвƱҪ˳ɣв˳ɵ»Ҫ˳ɣѵ˳ɾǴ˵ǰðͣ 
ƾʹ˽סˣڴҶڿҪôȥʱָһɡ 
ˡ 
װôɰ~~ 
ۿ滹ΧٶȱƽһֹעһֹעɺǣһֹעǻһֹעĵǷʱӻ˳ɾ׼ƯĲһǼ̤ڽŵ£ɼɼˣƻҲС 
ľȻıεǣ 

񷻻ɾĲɫѣĵɫЩĲҲȬǸݰ׵ 
۱λŮɲվں棬˲ٿͷˮվԱߣžû˼òӡ 
һţȫɣ˷һſ 
⻰ǶǰΧ˵ģϧУȻŤɣ˳ſ 
Ťʵоʮۣǵ񷣡˳ڽٳ 
ˡ 
סǳ鴤 
Ŷ۵Цţȴûзɣ˳ɣ߹ȥ 
 
Ϊ˴쾪ϲ߾첻¡˵һʱˢҳµһµŶ 



                  ʮ 




Ǳͷ˳ɣȻٳ˳ɣҲûֹǳϵÿ· 
һɵɼ˳ɴʱĴͷҲ֪ʲôƣһĨĲӣҲ׷ÿ· 
ź˳ɴذΧǰ 
ôγˣЦһ˫ۡ 
ˡûнһ۵ͷˣĽǰɣ˵ţӹ˳ɣֱŲС 
Ȼ˴ͣҲֵУԶ֡ 
һȴ˲ˡžǰ֡˳ɽң 
˳ۺܾˣקקʵƾʲô㣿˳ץģ 
žЦˮ㶾ҩʲôס˳ɣ 
Ҹ˳ⶾҩѵԼȥɪ𣿲㵹ͦⱾǮģ٬´һ 
žһ죬ŭ˳һ磡Ǹ㽫Ļף㻹ҿڳԣ 
Цҷʲô 
㣡ΪǸˣ籾žָȻ 
˲䣬ͷ 
ĪǣԼʲô޷ʲô޷ЩԼԼǹ¶һˡ 
񷽫ڻû£ûǲףȥԼʧ󣬰μ֮޹ϵˣ 
⻰һһů 
ʲô˼žˮһѾס 
ڲִЩʱȽЩͽ˵ͷ°ָһɡ 
ΡΡ۴ʱڳϵ̬ǲԸ㣬Ͼ˳ͬһ磬㲻ж֤Ҳ޷ʵжϣ 
˻һ޳ɡ 
֤жѵҪԼһɣЩɾԼҲ˰˳Լˣ㲻鷳Щ̴õҲ 

ЦڽЩͽ֮ǰǲǸý»мͽ 
мͽž仰Ƿ׷ΣĿԼߵɡͲΡΡ۸Ŵ˾ֵӣ󻺻ȥ 
񷣡ΪάȻۣǣˮ߳ͳɽָ񷡣 
һ˳ɣһֱûˮʵ˳µҩ˭ģ 
Ļ̽Դָ˳ɣˮģ 
˵ˮûиκζ 
ΪʲôϣʱǺĸλӹ˳¶ļƻΪҶҩڵʱҷ˽ҩ 
Ҹ˳ɶҩǴһأΪβϣ 
⻰еɷ׷׵ͷ 
ǲĶҩȲȥ̽ȸΪʲôҪ⡣ 
Ϊʲôʳɵ 
Ϊ˳ɸͻţ 
˳û 



                  ʮ ıķ




ˮԼĶҩǼٵģ 
Լͷס 
˳ɽˮԼȥĸ޹ϱλŮһԸ˳ɵ飬ȫûлû˳ɵļϸⱾԼȻûз֣ 
ɶԼ˼񷶢ˮıĿʼǴӸλץʼİɣǵʱִ䣬ʱ˳ɳ֣˳˳÷סǣˮȥĸ޹ 
ǵĸ޹ĸŮ˳շǣǲŽȥȥû˳ҩҩ˾ңΪһΪ˳ɴҴԽ磬ΪҼ޸ˮǸҷ˽ҩȻѶҩҡһ·˳Ҹ硣֮ǰȥԡʱ֪ͨңƴҷķͷ˳ǰҲŰûָʾ֮ҽҩͿĨڴϣɹ˶ҩ 
ֱһס˳ʺָ˼֡Ȼ˳ɱҩȻھ㲻ҲǻԲѣڻšЦټˮϸҩ˵ʲô˵ˮӱ˳ǲߵļϸ 
һлȻġаŰɵġĴɨӵġһɹģʲô״ĶУҶֻһ̬ƵģǶԶˮΧסΧסˮҲΧס˳ɲӣ񷣡 
Ͳķ˸ӵ 
ˮžžžž˷µĶҩƳļҩȻˣʵʲôõ֪õҩĺôǣ˴ҩˣֻзǿɲܸ֪šҲףѱ˷ס˴󲿷ַʱڲָܻ֪˻أ 
Ҳܺ⡣ 

Ҫлա̽ʱ򣬸亱еı࣡ 
ࣿɽԴΪȣ౾ϡ٣ҲУ˵ֻĸɽֹ̤ɽҲûҵϡ֮ô 
Ҳ棬ʡ࣬ҷѸٻָȴָλɶѾָ󲿷ַһˡ 
һ죬ûǾ䡰ˣŵûŰԣ˳ɵ·֮󣬷иһߣ˭֪Ȼڵϣˣµ밽˵ϢӦȷģڴΪϴεĳԲѷǸ˵ţŰ΢΢һ 
Цŵͷ 
ˮĿ棬͸ɿЦһΪʲôЩųû뵽ǰѵˣ 
Ҹû뵽ŰĻȴŪ˿ѱ˼ݵ˳ڲװˣ޺޵ 



                  ʮ ӳϼ֣




⣡뿪ĻΪŰĻһĿٵģҲûϷЩƷΪ˱ظУƤӵºıɣϧҪĻ͹Ŀ˵ױˤԳԼΪѧҵˣֻЩдƷ 
⻰ŭ˳ɣȻŭ£Ŀơ 
ˮ״ҲæϧΧûгصģû˵㶯ɴ˿ͷͽŵľʧҲɲһתۼ䣬ڶһš 
˳Ҳϰ֣ʼ񷱾յýֱͻȻͣŲʹķſ˳ɡ 
ȡ˳ɵûȥôڣȥס񷡣 
ôˣ 
ղȫͻȻʹֱ۷飬ò 
ոհ˳ɵΪֻһʹشˣھʶһ£һƻ˵ţקװϵһӣذ¡ 
ɲǼ䣬ܲƷڣ׹ûص䷿䣬ٷݶ˷ɻҡ 
ƣڲŵǱʩ˶һס 
Ҳһ 
ϣּ꺮ůû˳ɡ 
˳ŭˣſӵָƲ㣬ֱ£һ׹ 
дЦֻб׵·ΪɾͲ±ûбԾ֪ɱҲҷ 
ţ𣺡Ƕȥɣ 
Ȼû˳ɣʵҲעôڣû뵽ֽһס 
ûݶһ˭Ҳû취ܵסҲûʱȨף͵ƿ񷣬Ʒɽ׸߸߾𡪡 
ʱУһףɲǼ˷ѤõĹ⻪ 
ڳ˭Ҳ޷ֵǿ⣬ʶ˫ۡ 
ܹǹ⻪ڣֻǹ⻪ҫۣ˿һ 
ӵšȥϧû㱻ǹ⻪˳ȥ 
˳ɳЦѱ㻹ȥʲô 
˶˵ţ໥ŵǸĿ꣬һ¶⣬˳ɳ˹ȥ 
˳ɴУŲٷף 
һʱͣ½Ų˭ҲҿͣµײǰɣԹһš 
бٷףҲбٴ£ 
Ǳûҷ 
ͣ¶뿴 
ֻԹ⻪Ϊȹ־һѲߣͨ͸Ľ 
˳ˡ˼ĵ 
ǣָ֣˳ɣȥԭ㰡ⶫǰƯĽأ 
˵⹦еĽѾָ˳ɵıӼ⣬˳˵Щʲô飬̴ࡣ 
˳ɻ׻Ż𻨴˷ΪڻңƮȥˡ 
ʱոպãǡʱ٣ֱӱ㱻ܾûгļƷɽ˽ȥ 
ãûɿڡ 
ãûɻع 
ãסɿ 
סҺã㻹š 
ЦҺãϣһš 
һֱ룬㲻֮ˣΪҵĿһֱ׷㡣 
ҳҲһֱ룬Ĳں㣬ΪʲôѪʱû˼Ͱ㣿 
ԺҪڰѱĶˣ 
Ҳǻ𣿡 
㻹ţر޲ðŮǶУ˭Ҳֲ 
Цᡣ߰ɣҶˡ 
ճô׵绹ûЦźᱧߡ 
۴Ӻȵȣ 
ôһü 

վֱӣȻͽ˳ɣشԽɣ׼ס 
ЦлʹͣɱȻͲˣͲʹˡǡԭʮ꣬ȴж꣬ȻҲиġ 
ˣɫһ 
ԣúñ˳µķ䡣 
⻰˵꣬ɫȥ 
ⷢζܾΪˣ۵ͳΣҲ˳ɵķۡ 
סȻʣʹճף 
лۣ˫˫лǣ뿪磬ѺһԶԶں档 
Ժ鷳ˣ 
 
Ҳѿ۵ģ 
ͬ⣡ 
ÿ綼ˣҲŮ磬Ůƽȵһְɣ 
 
ɵʲôأ 
綼ˣǲҪΪ㹱ףһ˫īɫĹʡ 
ŶҪʲôأʵ 
޺޵ҪҵһҪһϳҲɲҵĻʹ 
ۡ㻹ĺĻûл˵ڣ㱻ס졣 
󣬲ϼӳ죬һӰƶֱֱ£ֱ׹ʹ⻪죬ӳ˰ɫ 
 
ƪĵˡ 
дʵף;ܶ飬Ҳ;ˣȴû뵽ļ 
˵ҲûʲôԵģֻðƪĵĽֵ׸һֱ֧ҵǣллңף֣⣡ 

ãصС˵ www.27txt.com ӭȥŶ
վԴתԻ˲κθ,֧棬ȨУ
ȨУغ24Сʱɾñ鲻빺鼮лߵ֧֣
