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ˮҨһˮȰѹϣȻŵ˱ˮͷǼӡ

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˵ӣҪǽٽӣ϶ġ
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¹ܳ齱ɶģŪ˰컹Ǹ㲻ˣɴֱӷˣԵĶǶõߵĿºӴ~~~ôô(ţ 3)

ղôô(ţ 3)

2 

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ղأôô(ţ 3)

3 뿪

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ղأôô(ţ 3)

4 س

ʢ𳵣ԲǸѡ
»еĳ˿ʵ̫࣬Ƥȣ˴紵ۣζѬͷۣսãڽλãҲֹס˷ŶֱЬ
ԶԶĿһۣǼ˫Ҳ֪ϴûУڵġ
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Լ԰ɡгԱְѶ˻ȥǿɲĶΥ˹涨Ҫֵܴġ
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ղأôô(ţ 3)

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һ룬˼ԸԼĹԼŮҲûʲô˵ġ
ȻһϣսسǵϢڶȻ󲨡
û뵽ӦľȻ֧Ӹ
Ƶڼڿˣ֧һȥʵˡ
ͬʱţ
һŲڴţڴݻظ廪
֪سˣԺ󲻻ٻˣ㶫Լ԰ɡ
廪ӹڴһǹ
˺þõǮ򵽵ġ
ȥˣ
ǾǵģȻǻؾˣԺ˼ҺǾͲһ·ˣҪлл˼ңͽ·Ž˼ˡ
лҪ˵ٺ٣ֿ~

ղأôô(ţ 3)

8 

սۡ
۵ø첲̧ˣȴۣܺ΢Цŷȥʳá
ʳĲܲܲдΣˮ˼ӽϵлս￰ƺڰĶȻкܶսʳõʱ򣬲ûĸŮƷɳȥ
Ա߾ӣֱӱסΡ
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սŤͷǸʶİ̷ֶ
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սֻԼԴ˵ġ
˲¶ѺõЦݣҽս壬ҲԷô
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ս岻ͱ˸ȻϡͿĸܡ
ξ֪÷ڡԡ֮һϺĵˣʳȻҲʮо顣
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÷һսķУҲһġ
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û˱Ҹǽ[ָ.jpg]

ղأôô(ţ 3)

9 Ȱ˵

Ҳ˵̸ôսʶüͷ
սüҲš
꣬Ѿ˵ƢǸӲģֻҪ˳ëߣˡ
Ĺ϶ý㲻Ҳġ
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˳˳սؿڣúúãˣҲв˵̾˿ʵҲĹֻţʹˣˤˣҲˡ
սû˵ɫ΢˵㡣
ңҲޣڼǼǵƤʱڼҴӲͦô
ĹҲøأǼͷһġ
սüֽ˼֣Ҳ˲ã˵˵ȥĹ˼ⰡƻռҵİŽᡣ
ԣʱֱӣսǲɵѽСٺãҲҪ˵ģѲռҵĹżȥ
ôҲռҵĶϱ׬ǮҲռҡ
˵ţ̺ӹ˻ĶӣɱˣǺʹҪּҵģɩʦ棬Ҳͣȹ䵽˵λַܷӣɶ֪ջسǣڳվȽŸҲҪʱ䣬ǸũˣžƫĴ磬Ҫ׬ǮԺл·ô
˵ţȥСӿ
Ư۾Բ̣ƽ￴һЦ
ôսٿӿ޹һޣսʱˣˣ̬Ȳá
սųŲᡣ
ҲǹҪֻǽû˭ũˣԼ˿ֺĶũ廧ڡ
̾˿ӿɷΪԼҲΪǵĶ룬ѵĶһũ廧ôҡһ˵ĹҲ̫ˡ
սֱ̧סӣҲʼ
˼뿪ʼҡ
ŬŬܵǮһģܹǮȥҸӻ
ս˿ͷųû˵˲սĲӡ
֪սѾӦˡ
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ֻҪŵĹսⱲӦǻزˣزͲϸӵͲΪδĽˣȵ߿ָսǸ߿سǻǼ޸ºӴˡ
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ֻҪ뵽ϱսķ⣬;һŨŨĲУ̲סҪ𣬽ĵ׵Ĳȫй
ϱս̫ҸˣҸȫĽĵز
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һҹû˯ãսҲûʲô񣺡ɡ
ġ
սƿӽţȽӴ򿪣峿ɢڵĺζȻֳȥϴڣһжŪˣ𻨲ź˿̶ࣺϹŮТ˳
ǿɲҿТ˳Ů
սЦЦװģ°͡
Ӵܿ䣬һ͵űء
~
սչȥ𻨵ĸ첲һۡ
ֻͷƤ飺ú˵
кϢأսֺõԴ˲𻨵ļ
𻨷˸ۣϢǼҾͺˡ
ѽ裬ҴСˣɶʱ㰡¿ɲϰҿɲˡ˵꣬Ĵյ𻨶ϣ裬Ҹ˵̡
Ǯһ˵
Ҳ̲סļһ˵ģ
ǿɲսһСȸӣɩʦҪΣΪռҵϹŮʵĸҽ˰칫ңɾͷ⿩
лҪ˵ץʱҩ
ɩǵ͵ŮϱӲģⱲӱд˳ʵϺȡ

ղأôô(ţ 3)

10 

˳սĻһ¡
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ҳƯТ˳ܰʧȥŮ˵ģպҾȥڱ˶ǰų̿ɲðҵŮһۣ
ԹȻĶˣֻüţȻЩɡ
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𻨱սĳסˡ
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ڴ˰Ҽǵá
ţӣһһꡣᵽҲе㸴ӣսһһǺͳͲռΨˣҲ𻨻᲻ƫ϶ҵġ
ս˫ֻأص̾˿Ƕɩð
ţеɻĿ
Ǹ¹Ȼܼ޵׶ء
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裬˵ʲôأҺͽҲˣʲô֪
ҲͿˣ˵ôô֪أ
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û£ǼǺͳءǵëԿǣһ߿ͷ裬̼Ķ֪ô
զ𻨵ɹȥ
Ϊ˹ҾŰݷһ¡սգգ۾
лҪ˵ҵϸ衣

ղأôô(ţ 3)

11 Ů

սװСȥһ˳׸ųš
ǮǻеļԱ˳ƺ
סڻеְԺռҵеԼվ··̣սҲԼֱ˹ܿ͵˻еְԺſڡ
ΪǼԱǶŶԺģְԺ档
ְԺʵ̫ˣս;ߣģ·Ҳûˣ˰ʵվ˺ҵĴſڡ
ҵԺûأֻſڵӰڣվĳ
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˺ҵԺӣĳӴˡ
ս屳Ӱϸ
ֻһ̫ĺûĵģҲ뵱㿼ˣ˭ڼչ裬ҿǱŮ˸ˣ͸ø飬µĸԼӶϺޡ
˵ĺҪ㣬Ҳô磬һûأ㵹Ǹˡ
ǮҲսĸëըˡ
̫һ󳳴֣ǮҲʾŮ˵ֱҪƷɷսɻΪɶڵʱ򣬺˵ˡ
ִȥǲܹģҰ赱ôҶ§ʱһ϶ÿ
ǼֿϺҵĹѪûĵܵģ˭Ҫ˰ɡ
ŭˣԣҾǹ·ߵĽлҲ
Ǯɷô˵ʱӶֱˣǷ޵£ҹ
սʱһת
վֱӾ裬ˣ죬æණ
һ˵ţһŲƹӰߡ
Ǯһ衯㱣ٶһͿսˣʶ˳սĻӭȥվսǰѹզˣ
ԭս庰衯ġ
ȴû뵽ԼӾȻʶ̽ҭ˻ȥӵӡ
裬ߵҲ̫ˣҲûü㡣
˵ţĲǮһƤĶգգ۾ȥ˵㼦סǮĸ첲裬㣬ˣˡ
ǮսȦ̲סˡ
ĹŮҲģȻȴҲĸСް
սһۣ򴽡
ָսŶ̫̫˵ûйŮ
ͷˣ˾͵Ů
̫̫˲ˣָ¸ָͣǮˣҾ֪㲻ǸѾͷǲˣҿǺͿˣϺҵĶôܸǮˡ
Ը⣬߰ɡ
˵ţҲ̫̫ôֱ֣Žƣȵ˴ſڣֱӡžһ˴š
ִֵ
Ѿˣ̫̫ôҲûá
սŶǮͷ첲ҡҡ̣㲻Űɡ
ᡣ
ǮεЦЦҲ̫ˣզֱӿں衯ҲҲӦ
̣ͲҪȡЦ
սһڼ˵ģ
Ǯæ֣վԱߵɷܵǹ𻨼ҵĹŮ
áսվֱҽܡ
áͷ֪𻨵ģϾմҲǻеģ㸸մ󺣰ɡ
ԣʶҰ֣սһȵĿź
ʶЦЦתͷǮкȥˡ
áǮͷæŰѺӺͳȥųһˮˣզˣ
赣㣬ˣȽŲ㣬ⲻ쳧㣬˾͸Ͻˡ˵ţս彫ϣһȥĻһӼ
ǮһݺһôУ̫ˡ
˵ţս
̣°ɡսֱǮ첲͵Т˳ġ
Т˳֡
Ǯ͵һ٣Ȧֺˡ
սûֱ˵ҪµĹһĺǮ죬ĽԼѧǮۿǮ˵Ǹʱ۾˲ס˻ͷ
˿㰸ϵӣսվ̣ʱˣһȥɡ
GúáǮЩ겻ĸս
Ǯһг°ģս岻ﳵǮĺϣֽıǮżٶȿˣŵ۴УǮõҲ̲סĸŷ
ָо̫ãõ̲סԡ
ֻҪͷͷ·ŮһǮһﳵһ
һ磬ǮЩ㱡
ԺﲻͣĻǸųʱһġ衯
˰ࡣ
гս˵ˤһûأҽҲȥȥ
սȻԸġ
ǻӱ÷ǮռҵķȥǮӹǧ֣㣬Ȼǧָ󣬺ҲȱǮ
ȵ˼ңս̿ʼææ⡣
һɨԺӣһˮһֶӸϴ裬ûеʱ
Ǯ
ܸɡԵ̾
̾˿࣬Ҳ֪ɶӣҪһˤǻزء
Ǯս廹Ǹ֪ࡣ
ռСŮ糧Ҳ۹ģϾǺ̫Сˣʱ𻨵ƫľǳģɻôȻȻƽʱûٸɡ
Ǯָ߬߬һ뷨
лҪ˵߶ʮһȺ˵
̣I have a dreamŮ

ղأôô(ţ 3)

12 ؼ

ռһǮһֱ˼ġ
һ뵽սæµͣӰһ뵽ʱսһġ衯
ڴշתģһֱҹصҶû˯
û˯أȴˮ׼ϴ衣
ǮͷģҲ˯ţɴ˴Ҹ걳
ǸáһЦЩΪŮȥΧߵһɨգֻصǰģ
Ǯֻñܣ۽Ƕʪˡ
˿ȿĨϸµĴ
û˵
ϴ˴ҡҡ΢ķϣ˿ĻѹûҪ̺ҵˡ
ΪǮΪ˷ġ
С
ǮķӦȽϼңӱͲҪٲ̣պҪˣô죿
ѹѹļ򣺡ȱ𼤶
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Ҳ˵ˣֻǲ̺ˡѧǶʱ䣬ĸһУԶǡ
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ǵáǮæͷ
ϵĽڣǴӹѧãʱеļԱΪ˹һ⣬⽫ļԱȥӣ˳ѧνʱ͸ϳ棬ѧ˲õĶֻǡΪϵ·ˣûƽ
ᵽڣǮֲõԤС
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ôᡣǮסͣ𾪵ᡣ
·ŵʱ򣬴ڲûܲСӵǸ·ȥˣȥ˺ϴͰ϶ҲŪȥˣǰŴϢ˵ϴҲˣϱѲûˣӵǻ
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ʮˡ
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ץסӵࣺҪֶƽ˳ĻţǸúӡ
ֻҪԸ⣬ûֻ˲ӣ֯Ĺ˵ǮһϺù𻨼ҵΣ
ǹ
Ժ˲Qһ龫ֵӰ
԰ȥˣ˵˹ŮҿҲĵģǺӽݾææһ̲У˵ĶǱ·ϵ϶ռô꣬һ㶼û䡣Ǯ뵽ռҵΪ̲סĺɷ²ۡ
üռҵǺϤ˵ռҵĹ۸оͲˡ
ѸµĹռѾͷ
ǰǸҲãͦġǮҡҡӡ
ȴûǮô
ѾͷòΪ⹤ɡ
ܡ
ǮҲҡҡͷľ˽˵ģҺͳ쵼û֪ռڳûʲôݣ֪ջسǣŽӼ죬Ϣ
ҲԼˡ
ҡҡͷЩǱЩ˸ŪòľԱġ
С޴Ǯûﲻԡ
˵ţᵽҴƲ°͵ıԹֵôҪ֪и϶֣ȥᣬʱѹˣҲڽȥ

ҡҡͷۼҵĶˡ
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ˣ쿪ʼҳʳáںҪ˯ŵʱǮͻȻ˵
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˯˻ûȫѣ̫ˣڲˡ
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ѳô
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սǮЩ⣬̤Ьٴȫѹ
ȻǮ̸̸ֻףսҲ侲֮ǰС˼
ҪµĹô
ԣǸŮĹᱣţ˼ȥܲԸԸ⻻
ȻԸġ
ǡ
սͷָҪʲôôңûǮҵǮˡ
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ҪǮҡҡͷ
ôУսæҡͷеģҲռ˰
ϾµĹʿɱһ߹˸ߡ
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Ǯû뵽սȻôʵϣֻѾͷʵϲɵôȤҪʵڹⲻȥҲʳóˣÿҳԷɡ
ȻͿսһ£Ȼ¶ʲôġ
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ԺһһֱġսߵǮԱߣסĸ첲
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ԼǱӣͲһе뷨
ԼŮûˣ߱˵ĺŮ
˼սһ衯󣬾ĵ˸
ȴǮֱӽսȥ칤ӡ
ĸרŹµģû뵽Ǯôҵ˽湤Ͼ¿Ǹùͷ˭ҲΪ˸ֵòɿģ׼һɶˣ͵ˣ취˵ȥ
Ǹĸ¿ǮϣЩˡ
ս嵹ǲţ󷽵ĵͷ
ԣѧϵ磬˼ʱʮ꣬Ѿϸ߶ˡ
ͦ
ս尺ͦأùµĹ
úúãľͺáĸֱӰˡ
ص䣬սƽ飬վصǰҪȥϰˣվһΰ࣬ǮصڻӣתͷսѾʼˣɵøˡ
һߣһŮӣ糾͵ƿռҵĴš
裬һ
ս˴žͳɤӺ
Ӹȷ͵ؾѣæ͸ӿԺͿĴ˱ӡ
ǸɤӺãɲԼĶսô
Ӱ
𻨰Ŵ߼ææҪ´ڲסļ
ս磬ŴСܽ𻨵ķ䣺裬һˡ
𻨵һӾˡ
ˣҲˣ⺢ӣɰ赣ˡ
ⲻû
սЦץץͷȻͻȻʲôƵģ֣
лҪ˵⹤ļʱ
ǮķŮԷȥˡ
軹ٵȵȣʲУ
챾ϾдˣͻȻӶˣдһQAQܡ

ղأôô(ţ 3)

13 

ɷٻæ½ǣͷŴƿ˽ȥ
裬
ЩĺһȻæǰƣ̡֣
ЩµǣĿӣڴϵŮĺһ̡
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սĿŴıӰ
Ǵ峤ĹŮƢҲ󣬾ǺҲǸöľͶˣȻôȥˣսǾþȣӿһ⣬ΪŸԸܡ
ž
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ҪȽŲ㣬Һ޲ô㣬ʱô˵ģĹ㵹ãҵĻԷ磬ȥ˾ͽˣȢôϱҪң
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սֻ֪Ų𻨶ʱˣôôһӴ
˵˵㣬Ժô죿
𻨴û˼ɴջֲˣͷͷһҲս
սץץԴѾüûϴͷˣͷ
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С󣬳˴ӣСǣҡ
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սĶš
ˮɣˣʭӰɡսͻȻŤͷȥһֱźӣһź󱳡

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ˡ
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Ųһתֱȥŵķ䡣
ЩŲȴ򿪴ͷͳƱȥӪ꿴ʲôӦȥ͵ҵۻӽ棬ϸߦԳԡ˵ţִӹͳֽŵ㣺֯ĸһһȡ
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˵ţֵͷ㣺İڹҲ³ˡҺû
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սЩ⣺զ£
ҽѾҪսװģС˵ֻԽ˵ԽּǺġ
ļٵģսˣ˲ս壬ŽӼ찡
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ˣǿ϶ˣԺɾǸɲ˰
ȿȣ͵͵ɲǸɲΪˡ
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裬°
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裬ҽ
лҪ˵϶һӣܣ÷ּң
׼ɼܡ

ղأôô(ţ 3)

14 Ȼ

ģ˻û˵𻨵ļѾ˳
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ȥ·ϣһѵġ
ս廨ëǮһСȹСӣͰ￪ʼȦȵ˼ſڵʱѾҪװˡ
ûţ洫ߴߴ˵
Ҫ˵ƫģҵӵʱۻԱĹҸҵģզҵø
лҪ˵ʧˣûԼ

ղأôô(ţ 3)űר߹עһ~~

15 ˺

㿴Ǯ˹Ҳû˵ʲôҪǸҲҲ˵ʲôĹҾͲˡ
սԼۻԱʱ䳤ˣ˵һʢ˵˵ζ
ģƾɶôƫġ
Ϲ˵ʲôأɶʱƫˣѾͷ˵ûģʱզһ仰˵أ𻨵ûзŭֻмǵԹ
ã˭õˡ
Ҳô˵
զô˵Һʹ綼кˣȥѲɽйȥ˵ˣӲҲûӵõˡ
Щǳ˿ͷģҲʮꡣ
ʱһֱ·û˵ˣ裬ʵҲûô࣬Ǵ֪ľͦģǴ忿춼ԣҼǵСӵǸӺɽİɣҲ˵
ǣ裬ÿأ˵ζˡ
Ļսʱզĸֱ׳ˡ
·𲻹𣺡Сӻţ಻ࣿҴ޳ȥˣСҲڱ߶֪࣬ÿһء
ʲôһȣսһȻ߷߲ƽ֪ǸؼģʣµżĻġ
ԭСûôңֻ˵˵ʱԾʧԡ
ðս壬СƲҾ֪һӻˮ
սƵ
ɫһݺݵĵһ˵͸죬һ˷˵ģռҵˣҸ㣬ﲻһףΪǸõģӡ
˵ţֿսҲǣ˱ûܣզǷˣĶҵĶ˭˭
裬⻰ҾͲˣҪǸҲܣԼĹˣզǹŮҲǣսɲ𻨣ƢԸ𻨣Ҳ
𻨲ͷ˵զ죿Ѿ˳ˡ
һٿǮҶʮǮ¾꣬ԺֵĹҲܣӺ͹ӵģǼһ˷һݣ˭Ҳռ˭ˡ
ðҪǮˣ㡭
ĳڼս崹óȻףʵ̫
ǵŭҲǳս
ԭ֪ƫҲܣпպ˿̵ס
ЩӵķСΪܹ˳𻨵ĹѾ֣Ԥڽ˹ᡣ
ֻǡ
ԭҪռҺúý۲Ůġ
ڹϰڶɵģ˶ˡ
ԭ뿪ʱеԹسǾûռҺúദǸ˽ˣҪΪԭǵԹռңҲЩԸң˻ᡭ
˴ֱţռҽ꣬ǳû뿪
Ҳܣս岻ҶʮǮҲսͻȻһ
սһֱһƿţ顯һ°սĽűߡ
ҾͲˣզҪôҲ
ս壡սƤЬϴ˿մ֭˴һ
ңôТ˳Ľ㣬ӶˣҴ»ˣûʮҲһ˰ɣˤһôźһҹôһӪƷôڻҪǮȻҪǮǾ꣬һʮε籨ÿһιپؼ飬ҵҪˣļڳùʣһ굽ͷµãҿǸʡ
ս΢üͷСȰȵģ˿սĻ᣺ϯͬ־Ҫ֧Ԯũ彨ģɲΪ˸ɹĶģһҲĶǷģ˵Ĺ˭͸˭ռһֲ㵱ء
սɫڣս壬ĹüзݣǸøҵġ
սһüͷֱŤͷߡ
һһߴ󺰣Ҽǵ㼸ӶϳɣҵҪȥǣҰѹʱǮû
սʱˣסս󣬺ݺݵİקҸ˵£𳶱ˡ
ɶʱǮʲôʱǮ
սѲֱЦ˵
裡ս˵ս壬תͷ𻨡
𻨸ոû˵ҲΪսһʼ˵ĻȷʵԴսϴϴͷ㣬ʱʱĻЩˮɶĴսԴˤͻһˣҲֻ˵档
ôһ룬ﻹе㲻ġ
谮ĴŮµƿԣʱľƫˣƢʵ˵ҲеҺֵĹǸĸ˵ģҲҪһθһ¸ʮǮҲһʱ͸ˡ
ҪҸǮԡ
սЦˣٿǮҲø٣ǼŮƾɶûٿسǣ
ƨԣƾɶ٣ҸİҲľ;ܾ
Ǹҵģզˣ۶磬Ѳû簡Ů˭˭߹󰡣˵ˣҺôԼһ˻ˣ磬ϼҴڵĻˣȫѪһأ
ȥˣ⹤ռҵģҪ˵ģѲɻѹżȥ
⹤Ѳɸ㣿սڽתϣҲԼСѧҵûҲ˼ԲҵĹ
ʱߵ졣
ҪǹҾ͸ǮӣԺֵĹǼҹӲܾˣ˵ңֺҲũ廧ˡ
ʱҲóµ𻨣ս壬ֹ˷ܸУ˶־
ǣҾ㲻Ǹĺܣ˵ˮҿ˵ǹҶģҪȻҲŵڶͱСù¶
ս壬̫ˣôô˵ңôһ˵ʱᡣ
㶼Ҫҵˣƾɶô˵㣿
ս廷Ժӣɫ䣬Ҳ䣬ĶʧڴסǲԵǺ˼Ҷм˰żǮƱҲû˰ģÿ취ȥŪҼģҴûԹˤˣżæŵĻ뿴㣬æûΪȥҪܴ֣û뵽Ըѹң֪Ҷô
ֱ˴ߣ֪ΪΣеҡ
û뵽һǱȲ仰Сͳ㣬磬裬Ȼ㲻ϲңҪҸɶ
ռҵĳڻǾڡ
볨ĴſѾʼӰûȻǽǵġ
սʱǶ۸ҡ裬ҵʱ򣬲ʮ갡զͲ룬ʮĹŮȥôȥ
˵꣬ս͵˦սֱ֣ȥ
ӿڣ°ؼҵս
զˣһסս֡
սѿ֣ʿ۾ɩɩҸϳˡ
˵꣬Ҳս򸾷Ӧֱ۾ӵˡ
лҪ˵裬Ͷˣ
СΣϱǸӹ֣ң

ղأôô(ţ 3)

16 Ϸ

ս˾û̾ͻȥ
Ե׷ʱҲľֱһ๫
ȳӶѹæԱߵƱԱ⳵еְԺ
ƱԱһۣǲͷû۾дȥѽеڷ򡣡
٣˵˵ֵֹģǱ˶ɡ
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㡪ƱԱʱǺˡ
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Ҿ˵һ䣬ٹһҪСֶˣٰųĻСİֶӸſˡ
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ܿ쳵ӵվ̨ս弱ææ˳
Сܵ·棬ǡͬһڶͣæ˳ǮƱһԸ˻еſڡ
ûǮġ
ǸոһϹԺһĳĵַǻеְԺ
Ѿеˡ
սûֱӽȥΧƬתתһλ䣬˳ڴ︴һĴָǴСȻ˸俪ʼ۾
֯ҪӰġ
ٿɫ°ʱѾȫˣ컹û͸ս˵ȡ
ȫˣսְԺȥһһ߳ԼĴӣȵ˺Ҵſڵʱ򣬾ͿһƬڣȻǮû
ڴſڵ̨ϣս忪ʼ
Ǯʱ򣬿ľһͷ㣬޵۾ˣԼǰС
զ˺ӣզŪˣǮʱˣŲ
̡
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ȱޣȸ̽ţɶ˵ܰһǮսļۻˣϴקĽսš
ս廹Сĳš
Ⱥȿںˮɶ¾˵ɶðǮ˱ˮιսߡ
սֱ۾ȻֽӹһڣԱߵϣԲ̣ңʵûطȥˣôľֻʶңԡ˵С
׳ɶˣ˵ѽӣҪѽǮ˵ôأֿʼˡ
̣費ҪˣأҰѹҶɩҴ㣬˵ѹңҪҷʮǮңҲֵʮǮ
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սڷſڣ΢üһ˼ӡ
մսƿڴ˵ڴ飬ǸǮ˵￿ûԣǸ⣬ҪسǣȫҴǮҪʲôǸʲôʮ磬һǮûĹǼԣĸˣŮĹ
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ǣߴһϢҪVˣVִ䣬ʻڽ12£Ҳ14յ賿֧Ӵ~~
ˣղһ߰ɣרһղأôôգд~~~

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Ԥ1ﵱϷߣ԰
İ
ܽһӵĵùD˿
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ܽΪɶ
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17 

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⼼ԱȻǹԱڻеĵλ൱ߵ, Ҫֵġ
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մ󺣶ʱƤӷ̡
仰˵ģֱ
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սжĿˡ
ټѵͣǮһųսȥ֯һΣĵνΣξʵĽӻԼ֮¡
ֻҪԼԺӺãһ죬ŮȫȫԼ
ȵ˷֯սŶȥ屨
׶ķܴ֯õĺڰʮ飬һһҲûһ죬ÿ»ûµ⣬֮ǰΪͻȻҪİ屨űȼӰ࣬ΪȻӢ
ĹʺܵǡҲ䡣
ҪĹô࣬ȥ屨Ѿˣ֮ǰڹĴҲһ㡣
ҡڽ֮ǰſǽ͵ʱ˵ǸŮ˻ﻰ˼
Զ׼ںСѺߣԼôҲû뵽ˣӦ˳µĽȴΪΪȷ֯ĲǮѡսܹ˳빤ᣬǸ˵Ԥıա
ҪСĵˣָʲôʱ⵶ʹ̵ˡ
һ屨ʵ̫ˣҪ˼
Ŭһѣһλˡ
룬黹Ҫġ
ϱӵմССɼ㣬֮⣬ǮеĿϾʱ䣬ѧ˲ӴСʵļܣƩ٣赸֮ģԻ屨˵¡
ޱĻ˸磬ź۱ʸñϵͿϺɫ
⻭ľ񡣡
ͻȻ佱
սһǺܿסæתǡôãȻ޹н΢΢Ϲá
Сͬ־Ҳǹģ˲ͷߵ顣
սһ۾ͿǸƤЦⲻЦġ
յģĺˣڣĸŸɺǰʣµĹ
ţĻдҲƯ̾Ŀһ䣬սͷЦǺǵһͰֻս廹һãȻӣȻûӦĹЦ֪˭ء
鵽ܣСͬ־ǹϯׯϯ
սæ֣һסׯϯ֣˵ãׯϯǴһ߹˵µս壬ܸܽ빤ͥδһŬΪͥשߣŬ
˵ĺá
ׯϯúǸˣͬ־ľǺõģУάӵͬʱҪάС
Ȼ˵ӰҲ̡
ϾںҺ͹˵һӢһܹϱֽõıʣɶׯϯֱϵ˾ȴûôѺˣΪʧְŹشİȫȻڰȫ£ίͷ۾ˡ
ϯĽ̻塣սվֱ壬Ͳһˡ
úá
ϯֺǺǵĴˡ
սĿȥǵӰʧתͷַٵתĵȻǹϯǸ顣
ƤЦⲻЦǽһģԿó鲢ûô顣
٣ǰֱȵͲܴһض
ô˵ɣǰֱȵӵĸֹ˾ֹ˾ܲõλãׯϯjust so soˡ

ٶ˵һ²ô
Ҳ飬ϾҲôõģӹ鶼ǸΣְҵǲһׯϯע
һΪܹĹӣСӦǲġ
ңѵĿγ̲ϰײ
˵ս幤Чֱȵʱ򣬰屨ĻѾˣֻд־ˡ
屨վںϻžԱдŲԾĸ֡ڷɡ
㻭ѽ÷컹Ϊսûأ⻭̾Ͳˣϵ̾ÿ
ϲôϲԺҽ㡣սס÷ĸ첲·ֹ֪Ť
ϲһˣҿû⻭츳
÷æҡҡͷһѧѧơ
ǮҲˣȻҲ˻澫񡣡
ǻŬϣڷɡ
˵ĺã
ΧΧſ屨Ĺ̲סĹƣߵֶʱ˸˹սҲߣϾ۱ʻ𻵣Ҫ˻ˣԩˡ
û취ֻ÷ȥ򷹣Ȼٸ͹
һֱͣǲɢˣսϱĤֺû󣬲źǮһȥĸ¡
ĸ֪Ҳû˵ʲôϾסְ̫ˡ
սд뱨棬ĸֱӾ͸ˡ
ǮսȥԿףְһģսǼסˣȥʱи˯ſˣȻˡ
ǳίĸ¡̬ȺȻ󷽣ս̬ҲѺá
ãս壬ĸ£һ顣
ʱüǸְͳί֮ĹͨģԺкĻᡣ
ǸáǮҲ˵ˣԺúúദС
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áֽĽռصĶʰԼߣս㹻Ŀռ䡣
Ǯĵû뿪˳䡣
ս彫屨ɣĸ¹պ°ˣ·ʱǮǵĳҪͼٳܣ˶ͳ
Ǯ߶սȴһ㶼ûвͷһֱ˳䣬ת뿪
صռҵʱսû°࣬սҲңսȥеֻżӺˡ
ֱ˽ȥ
Ժ°ȻǴģЩ԰Щ
ǴĶ
Ҳ棬ȱڵţġ
սһ衯Ӷ
֪أ첻ܳȥܵĻô컹ɶѽȶˣҪûϿ¶ȥˣǼ겻ĴˣҲˣˣզﻹ˵䰡
սǰҲվ档
ܣ˵˵ˣǴңҲģֻǡ
սȦˣᣬԴǿĿ𻨣裬ʱĻɣǲģС۴㣬۶磬ֻһǼģǰĻǺͷֻҪ˵һҪԶûҵķݣҲǣãȴҵ֡
ԽԽûζ
ƫģҲڵߵĵزɡ
ҵ֪ԭǼĹǮĹ龫⣬ȴʲôûУЦǣĸ⻹ҼĻģŮΪɶôأ
ˮ
ҪŮҲˣɶŮΪɶԴҲôأ
㡭
˵ˡ
սӣͷƻȥ˵档
˵꣬ͷҲصĽ˷䣬سʱİûҪҲֻм·һЩϴƷԼϵıˣŪһУڱϣӷ߳
Ǹʲô𻨼ֱӣüĽġ
ְᣬԺһͰֵġ
˭ȥģ𻨵
սĿɨɨһֱͷ֪ݲңﶢҵĹһˣǲܸ˵ģǮҲᲹ㡣
˵꣬ͷıӲˡ
˵սּ˵Ǻͳʹˣܲһֱ˯ڴɩҵķס
˵ţԿ׹Աߵϡ
ڸӣ裬Ҷ룬Ǽһǰһ˶˵ȢϱȻŷǺҪĶһˣɹӻںء
ս壬ɶأôˣ㵱ҵ˵һסˣ͵ƿڴǴСϱӶȥˣҾûô񶾵ģǳĲɢҺ磬˵ЩĲİ
͵Ҷ񶾺ˡ
ֻϧսѹУ˵˾䣺裬ˡ
˵ͱŶˣ𻨵Ҫ׷أȶˣܣæȥ׷Ųȥ׷أﱾͲסսǼҪôסȥԺҲܿ㡣
սо仰û˵ġ
ռھƫģսݶݣƨɶתĵض
սӻõԿף֪սס˳øǺ곽ֵܣǵǣ漴еˣֻǸûãҪҲסȥսǴӦˣˡ
ּң
սӻһͷǳּҡ
˿̣ͷޱǿҡ
սˣռҿʼ˷ּҡ
һߡ
üСϼš
Ϊ·ͣ˵Եʣ·ƽ֪ͨ飬·ŵºӴиƽεºӴ壬Ϊ˽ȥûɻǰǡ
ǵĵºӴĴǴ˺ܴ𺳡
ЩʿϵǹʵǸһԼǴδľüճ
ʾţţĳϾŷˣһԾΪⱲӶܴĶУһ̣ɲǺڲѣ֪ƽ˵ɶλϽҪһ㡣
ڵǴ÷һҡ
Լɷжһȥţϧſʿţǽȥ䡣
֡
÷
սţԺӣͺҵװְܿ˰ǣƽˣһԺҲĵСС˰⹫ǵ⹫
С̸ԼҲɤӺ⹫С
ʹˣţɹš
廪ëӣһʵүүȥùô
ˡһ⺢Ѫ䣬ײ񣬲ӡ
үүĹùġ
ҲѪ䣬ҡ
ˣ˵ˣϽȻȥҲ㡣ëϸΪ۽ǺᣬȻǼ
廪æӹẹ̈ϢҸүүʰС
GGá
廪ָԼӣΨһһ׸ɾ·Ŵ˳ȥ÷ӿ߳壺廪үүأ
ǡ
÷ӶʱҪ첲ȴ廪˹ȥ⺢Ϲ˵ʲôأ˭㲻֪
廪ͷԱߵı磺ͬ־ǺλŮʿϤ
綯ˣܿ콫÷Ӹϳţ
廪ʰ˵õģűѺõЦЦЩߵģ͸ĴЩ˸Ǻܴİ
ȥء
Ӳ
Ȼƽˣûؾ֮ǰҲԴš
廪ͷͳţ÷ӻţ廪ʱ·ʱͻȻڣҵֱأ
÷Ӷʱһɶ
㵱ϻ游
廪ǺźЦ˵Ļȴ˲λȥ֪Ǹʲô⾰ᱻľֱҲ˵㵱Ҫһ
÷ɪһ¡
ɷһۣСתˡ
廪ЦһŶߡ
·
˫ĿҪؾˣ
š
ܴһȥôȥҡ
ܡû˵꣬廪ʹĻȰ㻹ǲҪ쿪ĺã֪˾ǣѾһˣǸҪһ֪ʶйͬԵɷǸ˾Բ㣬ϲ˶ȣô򣬾صأå
廪˫䣬͸˸İࡣ
һһֱģżҲ˹⻰˵ܴ˶ˡ
ֻͬĻڲͬ˵ĶУȴǲͬ˼
˶ʱѾ˳͵һˡ
廪˳
뿪ºӴ塣
جһĵط뿪ˡ
廪Ŵտգһ΢СĻȡ
վǶ

18 

սס˷ְ֯ᣬײռҡ
ǶΪմ󺣻Ҫֵ, ȴû뵽, մ󺣻ؼҺһ, һֱ˯ûпҪʵ˼𻨵Ҫ, ֻմһϴͺ졣
һֱ̲סˡ
סְȥ֪
մ󺣴, д̨ߣһ߳һ߿ֽ, üͷӣһĳĬԣ𻨵⣬ֻǵͷ, Ӧһš
֪š, ûɶ˵ģ
˵ɶ, Ҫȥסȥס¡մ󺣳˿̣ģݱ衣
𻨣Լȥ˶ȣզݰ
մһ, Ҹˡ
˷佫ˮƿýӴͷóҶԼ˱, ֽˮƿǽš
Ȼָզմ˻ȥ, ֻűĽţҲˤС, ܶû
Ϊ˵Ƥ, ǲܶ, ȻȥˮҲ, 춼ûˣܡ˵ž̲סĶ˶ӡ
㲻ϴϴ
ǰϴģⲻס˵ҲЩȥս뿪죬Ѿо˲㡣
ǰսûسǵʱҲü춼ϴ裬ʱûﲻãЩӱսźţͻȻֻصǰˣе㲻ϰߡ
£Լŵ㣬ùϱڣдǱߣҲú˵˵ǽ˻ˣûµĻҰ
զ״ˣ
һͲˣɶø״ģ⹤ˣﲻʹ䣬ֲҪǮ
Ů㲻˽⣿մƳһۣǾεĹؼʱ̣˺ףǳļԱ˵һɶãҺˣΪ˴ίʱҵϸΣһҾϷֵºɡ
һ⣬ôأ
ͷʶ̣֪ɶѽմһְરવĳ̡
̳˴Ϩ˯
𻨣Ǳɣ϶ζˡ
ίˣҲҴˮô
ùϱϴ裬Ȼϰ࣬ڼҲϴϴѼʰĸɾõ㡣մ󺣶ũ˵ʵҲͦģǹͶϱûɶ˵ģֻܿ𻨵˵аû¶ãѴ״Ҳ±Ц
ȻǵͷӦС
ڻ˯ʱͻȻͷ
͸Ű崫˽Ҿȥˮƿ
Ҷ˵Ҿˮƿ޵ģˮƿҾûͷ𣺡ǺЦռҶˣͷһ˴ҹҪˮƿġ
ˣˣˮƿﻹˮôˮȸá
ûС
ֱӾ;ܾˣҲǿ޵ˮƿҰôþôá
ɩȸˮƿãԸͻսҲ
ҹҪˮƿɶ
Ĳ֪զеϡƨɶˣˮϴ˷ۡսҲΣСӽҲ֪ôˣ˵̾ͣҲ֪ǲˮ
˸ۣһզģЩ˹ܲס죬ͺ޲ö§Լⲻˮմζϡˡ
῿ſ򣺡ǻǸϽȥİɣĶӿ϶òˡ
ʱ÷εģֻǸˮҶӴϡʦأȻôڡ
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ȥøҸҵսС˵
սæȡ裬ˮߣȽԼķ䣬ȴĨᣬԱߵɫ׵̵ϣһɳ
ǡ
ҲϡˡеңڴҲûٳⰡզϡأ
սæӷŵԱȥתߡ
ȥĶʵ
ȥ߰һǵȥҽԺ
һռҼݵĵƾͶһ˱һӣռֵһ˷һгææȥҽԺ
ҽԺҼ˲࣬ȥʱҽÿС
ҽӿ˿ӣó¶ȼƣŲգſ
Сӣҽ¶ȼưźãǲĿԿҪޣæصĻš
·ˮҵʱ洫˵
ӪȻȥɣһͿˡ
û£Ͻˮˣǻߡ
Ϥ͸Ű崫˳
ӽһ£Ȼŵ߹ȥŷ￴һۣȻͿһϤӰǴ̾װñӵˣδӵ
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զڻھǵҽԺأ
ʱ飬ĺ̲סĿ˳̻عֻ
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㣬ɶģҲأͲ˷ҽԴˡӵЦЦ
ӪǰʱסԺʱ򣬼СŻʿû
զ㿴˼Сʿˣ
ǱʱˣģѦʿ˵СŻʿϲӪء
ϲȥ׷󡣡
ӵȣ˿ңѾϲĹˡ
ô۾ˡ
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ˣǰʯֻؼզ˵ģӵתƻ⡣
ĻǼ˲˵ʯһٿǮŰѺӴˡһʯѾźȥĸӦûˡ
Ǿͺãʯɽͬ־ΪһҪӢ۵ĺӡ
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ҩӻؼңһֱӳҩ˯ˣƣĲڴϡ
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ΪֻҪһۣͷ·ֿϱǸ޵ս壬Ǹӵ谮ս壬Ǹս塣
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Ҳԩ޳ˣսĹ
ԡ
Բøӵٺսһ
ӵǱû취֣ôΨһøӵȢսİ취ֻн޳ȥˡ
˭ã֮Ǹӵ
һߣ֯ս廹֪ԼĻ±ˣڻıԼ
Ϊ屨ĺãϯׯϯ˸ţһׯϯ·ս廭İ屨ǱһŻذ칫ңÿսϰʱ򣬶ܿׯϯﳤȥıӰ
۲սⰾ˰ޣñӻ˼滹дС£ڶϣս˸硣
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ׯϯҲһͷ۵ӡ
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ׯϯ۾ĸ½Сո˵Ļ
˵СոµϵĸУȻ˻᲻飬һ۾ܿ
ʵׯϯҵиС顣սɲ֪ׯϯԶɶԶׯϯ˵æԼıʼǱݵׯϯǰ⼸컭

ׯϯֽӹʼǱһֻͳϻϣȻʼϸ
ǵģ
սصĵͷҾù屨ΪǲģϾԸ⿴˲ŻߣԸģɲῴͲһˣȤζ۴˺ӶǿԴӳӢ￪ʼƩȻӢۺͬ־ģ÷ͬ־Լǰʱڽ¸ôͽžͬ־йȥ͹սĸսۣϱ֮ģǺܺõġ
ֽʼǱҳ滭һźͬ־ȻǰԱ
ǻӡһͶŵ׶԰ͳСѧ˵ץǲҪ֪ʶҪǽ֮ס
ַһҳսׯأָž˵Ļ񣺡ǻҪǣܹ֮˰ȣΪǸǰС
ׯϯҲЩˡ
ǸϱΪ˶רҵίε֯ϯ
Ǿ䡾֮Թ˰ȣΪǸǰСʱͻȻԼĺˮܵˣֵõġ
սȻûдı顣
ݺһתȺǿǿӡһЩͨպͱĹȻǵֽҲǴ紵ģҪǸһЩǮˣҲΪǹһЩʽ𡣡
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ǮʱսѾϴһˡ
裬ųԣҪʵЪսòװ˵ݸǮ
ҲҪų԰ɡǮæƾܡ
ս̴չȥסĸ첲裬˵Ҫ㵱Т˳ôܣŮĿۣҵģȥԣٸ򡣡
Ǯԣʱ̵ģ߬ѴӵҲ˼֡
á
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Ͻɻˡɽĺ֣һйµľ޴ѣ·û˲֪ϵǱʱ䳤ȽϤΣֹء
ֹҵְ̽ɡ
һ·ţϽҲѧǫ顣
үүˣϳɡ廪ԶͣµĳӣյС˵
úúãʲôҿ˵
һ˳һӶʱ
ǰǿ·ճÿһӵʿɼӡ
廪ڸʻϣ͸Ӿźǣֵүү̣Ĭһֿ˵үүǻϢҪҪ֪ͨ󲮸
á䵭
ԼĴԹ޵ġ
·ţӲƲ˺Ĺϵİѱ͵һٽίᣬΪ˷޵ĸίԱ
ҲΪ£Ϊ۰СӣҲ廪ĸõĲ
ǣҪԺ󱻴󲮸֪ˣ»᲻˵ġ
ǾȥɣȻҶϾ˹ϵǾͲҵĶˡ
廪̾˿ƺΪꡣ
廪ĺĳԺ׳Կġ̲סĽһԼƵСӡ
Ҳ֪⺢ôģôȺƫƫȴһӣҲΪݳĳţȺϼһͶ֮࣬Լһӵ֪ʶ̸
֪үүֻҰְ֡
˵ţ廪ӿڴͳһһƬڰ׵ƬϣŰ״ӣ۾ǳǳ΢Цְ֪ƽˣһܸ˵ġ
ǰһ˵ġ

֣硭Ҳ֪ôˣҲжʮˣҲ֪ûУкûС
ڲ϶úõģֻǶ
廪䱦սȥĶҲжĸ
ǸŮˣǸŮˡ
һֱû̲סɤӿҪҪҲսȥ䱦ҲͲᶪ
ô˵мֵģǹٵġ
̴Ŀ
ֻĬĬᡣ
ٴλָžĬĬ·ʻţܿ죬ͽ˾ڻΧĽһӾͶҲˣԵ࣬Ѿٿ̰Ŀų⣬˵ǾΥľɫ
·ϵ˿̣̲ספ㣬ĿͳӵԶȥ
·ϵĿ㽵ĿųӵԶȥ
Ǿ̵ɫпϱǹʿʾƬǴ˵еľǣġ
ȳӳԶȥ
ּٻ̵ȥ
һֱ磬̫ҵ˰ٻ̵꣬ȥ˵ӣȻſʼսһֱ˺ų̈˺üۣҵڲ̨ս
㡣վڹ̨ǰսЦЦ
սʱüͷһ壬Ĩһˤôҵˣ
¸˵
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ԵǼˣǸżҵ°
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սʱ漴ɷķӦȥˣжǮ
׼ʮء
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˱˵սЦ
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˵꣬Ҳش𣬾ֱǿϲһ¥ǧ֡
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ǿȣսһӾͲ¶ˣֱӹĶȥˡ
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˰ùأȥûþգ֮ǲӦģŻ£ͣϡһ˺üŻָˣԭֵСƵġ
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ıüǲõĶÿ칤ôæҪɧ㻹벻ˣ
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ɾպӿҲûɶÿ춼˯ġ
ҪʮǰҸվһվУڵľɣվҲҶ¡
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Ҫϰ࣬ϿŶ̲סޡ
ûҲࡣ
ϻصңսŻйɷĶӣٿϴҵǸɵӣ޵
ǳܣӶˣƾɶɵһ¶ûУÿ컹ɵǺǵģĶȴҪ
Լ
̣ҪԼ˸˵ȴӡ
룬һһ׵ιӳԼ۶ǴȰͳ
裬ҲԼ
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áǿɵĵͷ
˵ι񿵣ȴƲǿƣ, , ܵܳԡ
ǿʵԣҲ
Ŀһʿˮһ˵, ԰, Ҳҳԡ
ſֻСֵܸãȻ, ȴ֪ܵܣСȻȴҲ֪ǫø, սûôˡ
ֻƫġ
ֻϴҵɵӳ, ԼĶһû̵
һѳǿ󣺡ԳԳ, ûԹô, ɵӳԹҲ, Ҳ´Ⱦɵ˵꣬˷䣬顯һ˷š
˺ʱᣬŷžһͨ
սͷˣɴǿҡ
һǿ۵Ĳ֪Ǻãæӹʲô⣬֣ˮȫóڴϣǿųԡ
սһƣţҲ̲סĿˡ
裬Ĺȥˡ
𻨼ĴŮˣʱˣıһ£ҵҪôģҺúõĹŮ͹ӡ
裬ıҲۣѧУô࣬ȺӻǴͷսһʱˡ
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·ˣҲѣӰûǮеҲøѷðˡ
裬֪Һá
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衭Ҳ밾Ҿı˴ǿӵҲТ˳ԸϷѣҼǿӣĲܺǸɵӴһˡսͣС˵ͬ˵ɵǻᴫȾģҼǿҲɵˡ
ɡ
𻨱ŵˣĻᴫȾ
˭֪аɡսӡ
ǿɲһסøϽɱӴȾɵˡ
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սһȻ̧ͷ˵ǰ˵Ѱ˼Ǯ٣ҪȺã
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⵹ҲǸ취˼֪˻᲻ǰ
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˵󣬲𻨵ɫ
˼Եӣִ˼֡
ҺģԺһǮ
𻨿Լȣ¶ãȣҲš
ڰٻ̳ţ׼˵ʵ˼ҡսæؿڱ֤
ô
զģʮ˻ˣڼϹô
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ıһզˣ˵ҲҪǮСӵǮϷӣסſġ
զܲҪأսˣҶ˵ˡ
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սҧгݣҲðǮۡ
սֱһˮ
ˮúϴϴͣսøҼסˣҵ⣬Ļһ֪ʲôζ
ң
ս̧־ȴսٶȸ죬ֱһȥֱսСϣսҪ
սһ£ֱˤˡ
սͷһ𾪵ս
СӳҵĹŮɡ
սӲĵͷ
ȥӵһжˡ
ʲôսŷ·һԼ
˵ӵǴƶӵ鶼ˡ
սֹסӵЦȻΪΪɶӵҪףҲֻ㣬ɵģôñڴԴϣΪԼ˸ء
ս½ǣҲԼùǰδȻȥǸġ
սǲŵģﻹ
ͻȻ»֮ҹ¶رϤҲ׼طȥæ
ܵġ
»֮ҹģҲ۵ɫˡ
˫Ƶģתͼææ뿪ˣڵϳ˸ϵս˿Ҳˣ鷳ģûԹϰ
սս뿪սϵЦ
ʱһݡ
˵ģϱġ
Ҳ֪Ǳ˸ҵġսһʼ磺ңҲ֪
ôܺ˵
˵ɶǲҲͦ˵ôѧѣ˵ұͲʲôŮ
սͻȻúܿ£굽ЩʲôŻ仯ô
֮ˣȳȾ͸Ͻˣսѵ¥˺ò裬ɴ˻ȥ׼һ
Ȼһʵĸڴ˵
·ŵʱסţӣӹǣаá
Щ̫¶˲̫ΣЩѣܲͲɣȻݼҺӸܣС
սŲ豭ֽסˡ
⻰˵ãզôأ
ֱո˵Ļķ氡
廪ϹЦº͵˵̵Ļ
ҵļͥҲ˽⣬֪ʲôʱȥˣΪ˲ĸĸܺǶϾϵô
Բۣ
ɱݰ
Ů˾ͺѦƵģ߱ŭ뿪ˡ
廪˿Ȼתͷ͸ڵ˶ߡ
һ£ָ̲סһ¡
ϳˡ
С֪ࡣ

21 Ȥ

ս屻ԷĿһ, ջߡ
ͷȴе㲻ˬ, ԼϮˣ
ǻ˵, ǽ֮ǰ˵Ļӹһ¶ѡ

͵͵һۡ
ţ˳ùֺÿģմСΪչڶԷֵ֮, ʮִ󷽵ĸԭ, Ͳ֪Է˵Щ, ǺһԺڣȷˡ
ҪԺڵĻ˵Ҫ, ս̲סϧҡҡͷ
֪, þò
ͻȻ, ˿ˡ
սһ£ʶ
ʼڼѰûСźÿȫûм䣬Է֪࡯, ǿ϶ºӴʶ, Ѳԭʶˣ
廪ЦһȻԼĲ, ԼĲ豭ƹ, ߵս¡
֪ȷʵòǵҵ, Ͼҵ󡭡
廪һ, ̲סЩȷʵ˿ҵ
սЩεЦһǣ
廪, Һܴİ֪ʱˣȥ֪Ժһҩҡ
֣ҩ
ǰߺӡ󣬺ӡɾ̫ˡ
Ͼǰҩֵʮأ
ս˲ǰ˭Ҳֲǵʵʱʵ̫ˣϵ·ƣͷסʱոճΪս壬ûȫӦֻʵǹ۾
ƽˣ
սǵãţģʱǼĳˣԲŻðȥ÷ӡ
ţлҩүүͦǴβ飬ҲǵȵƽĻᡣ
廪ĺܸлս壬ΪǴĲĺأţסŵҽҡͷ˵ҩͲˡ
·Ž꣬һζûҹ÷ӣΪүүĲȥ裬ûõҩֱ
Ǵûҩȥˣƽ˵ûκ塣
ұȶЩȥû뵽Ȼôɣˣҡ˵廪̲סЦ뵽ո߷־磬ɵüӻͦʵġ
ʣ
ԭúúõģĻЩСԵõսʱ۾һɣڳЦң
ҡ廪æڰ֡
ˣҲûʲô˵ģҵӹȷʵͦʵģϷƵģ㷽ҵǳҲǿ֮ĵˡս˵ĻʵﻹеС
˲˽⣬֪̬ȶԴ
ռ˻߳ˣø壬ҸոԴսսӱ˸ţαװȻѾ
ֲܿƵĸо
ƹˤԴ
ո֪˵ԼͲǸȥô廪ԼĲָ̧ս嵹˱衣
ͬ־˵ķ棿˵Ҷ񶾣˵Ҳ£
սĽϵĵ廪Ǳơ
С
ȥ¡
սν˵ҽģЩģĴҵģҲںڲ¡սЦһߵ޷𵽶ȥ鶼ûأǲ̫ˣ
ţ˵Ķԡ
廪ͬĵͷ
ս̧͵͵廪һۣǺǳЦһºģɵһ¡
˭뵽Ǹ棬Ȼһÿ
ǵʰɾˣºӴĴСϱǿҲüְɡ
ͬ־˵ңողҲԼ˵һǴôͲǸŮӻȥ˵㻵սѧŸո廪ʵ
ұҲûѡ
廪ɫȷʵţס˺ܶ꣬ЩԿʲˣ㲻Ϻã˼ʣ˶û˵ʲôʱѣӡ֪˵û飬ʲôģ̫ˡ
˵Ļ죡

ǰԲҪδһõġ
仰ս˵ʮֿ
ǵãԼ꣬Ǹžͻ᳹׷飬ԩ·ŵ˻½½ĻصĸλϣõǸеٽǻָ߿ҽĸ￪ŵĽ׶Ρ
廪û뵽֪Ȼο
ԼҴƱ˵Ժƽ£ȴû뵽ֻһε֪࣬նĸδá
Ǿͳ֪༪ˡ
սŤͷɫҸˣȻȻûˡ
廪ʶվսߣһֱ͵վ̨廪̲סʵ֪ϰࣿ
֯ڷ֯¡
սش󷽣ĹҲûʲô˵ġ
ңǰƽˣǵ·˰£ܳھǣүүҲλȨص֣˵˾͸ˡ
ڳ︺ЩҸջһӢ۵
򵥵ĽԼĹ˵һ飬ս̲סĿʼԼǻä̫ˣֵռʲߣΪ˶ܽǵľҾôӻ֣Ƚϼһ㣬дһЩ򵥵֣Щڿͬʱܹѧһ֡
˵ս̲סЦҲΪɨäҵˡ
廪û뵽ȻȥϾСʱڼҳɥ־˵Ҳԣȷʵ˽ܡ
лһҪݶһĴ廪Сάһ¡
ȴսǸϹģٹ죬ǵҪӡˢˣҪ뿴ĻҿԸȥ
ҲãҲ͹ҹȥɡ
ս֣Ǿ鷳ͬ־һˣĻϣͬ־ܹǶ
廪ĿģûбƵѿ
෴ȻС˼ͦɰġ
ܿ죬͵ˣս˳Сܵмһӣȥ廪˻֣廪Ҳ˻֣ȻĿ͹ȥ
һֱӵӰʧˣ廪ĬĬתߵ·棬һ
ȵҵʱѾЩˡ
ˮˣʢһȥô˵ģǹﻹô
ͥе㸴ˣҳúһ㣬Ҳ̫ϲ
̾˿ҲΪãǹкϵĲãҪǼ޽϶̤̤ʵʵӵġ
廪û˵ֻĬĬĺˮ
˵һͨ廪ûԼ֪Ĳˡ
ת˻⣺Ȼ˼ҹôôȥĶˣ
ûУֻһˡ
ˣתϴŹУǰԺˣЩû۸㣿ĿУܱ廪Ϊ˵ģֻдԺͬˡ
廪һڽˮ˸ɾǣ֪࣬ҩүү֪ࡣ
һ¡
˵ǸС֪ˣ
ԣ֮ǰڴʱ˵سˣû뵽ûþˣڷ֯£ҪĹ˱ĺӿúģʮֲ
廪˵ʱв͡
࿴ѵõɷĵ̲סһ첻ȥ׵ôôС֪棿
˵廪̲סεЦ
Ҳڲ¥ףͺ
ô˵С֪Ҳûأ
ûС
廪¥ս׶ʱư飬ԴԼƭ׵ʱͱ˵ģԼ˵Ļ͸¶Щ˼ʾţڼеĴá
һ룬廪ЩˣæࣺﻹвƱô
Сͷ
Ҽţȥһ˷֯
ࣺ
Сǿˣ
æطһѲƱ廪׷ʵֻҪƱôĺǹȥɣСﶼϲЩĶ
廪վ˼һ˲Ȼͷá
ȻֽӹƱ׼ط䡣
̲סĸ涣ţʲôҪ˼СǮҪ°磬ԴȥӰҪɵ˶ͻ
廪ЩΣʲô
˫ε۾ˣɣܲȥ֯С֪ȥ
һߣս˳ӹӪһ߿һ߻ᣬȵֱϴ˯ˡ
Ϊս˵Щ컹һӲҪ
ҪС
ڶ죬սĸӻˣһ£˾ȻӢۺģ÷֮Ƕ˵Ĺ£һ½Ӣ壬Ϊڶ½ǹڼ֣򽲵ǻ޼ۣԼľ飬֯ϵһ֯֯
֮¿˵Ӹ֣֯úõһ顣
ׯϯ̲֮סĺһá
Ȼ˷ܵȥҳȥˣܿ׼ӡˢˣȥӡˢս⻭˸ǳƯķ棬鼹дϡս־ǹֹ־Ļõӣľˡ
æһսڴ칫˼ˮ˸ӣ˵ҵ泵ȥɷһ£ھһĹ¡
սҲ࿴ˣ̾͵ͷ
Ȼ࿴ԭΪܸɣΪģ÷ɩӡ
Ϊ£Щӻң÷ûٹάȻսõ
սȥ˳䣬ϢʱԼҪЩһ˵ԼҲܻΪǣ̾Χסս壬һһ˵ԼĹ£սҲżȽļһ¡
ţ˵һжʵΪģԺҪһӢģԼ¼ʱ򣬾;ϸ¼
սǵòֺʱͻȻſڵ˹
Сո䲻ģȻѾ˲̵·
ءսվһɻĿզˣɶ£
ȥſڿɣиӣ˵ɩӣͷֵֿģΧ˲ˡ
սĵˡ
̰ڳɵ飬·ʶһңҲȥ
Сո£ɲܲȥֵֿģ𻵵Ƿ֯󡣡ʱˣոͷѾ˺һˣǸŮãô϶ϲߡ
սȴǽŲһת㵽ȺͷҵǮǮӣȴȵ
裬ȾңҲܳȥ
Ǯһ֪¶ˣæס첲͸˵׳ɶ¶ˣ
Ҷˣ˵ҪȥطȻе㺦£ΪҶ磬һȥˣû뵽ƭȥףĻǸʮĶͷǰͷ˸ҲԸ⣬ҶͷǱȥ࿴˵ǡ˵˵ˣ˸Ҽ޹ȥǸҶɩ
սɪɪǿ־塣
ܣҶɩǶȥҼңӦ֪ũģֶӶĻڡ
û˵꣬ΧѾ
զ£զȱأ
ǣСũѧϣզͷǸũŮ빤ˡ
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ѲǸũŮˣ
ǵġսͷ䣺ô˺ףҾڼҹȥ˲ԱᣬңҲҳȥҲˣ޶ͷ
սɿ䶼
Ϣʱ䣬ֱӽ⿪ϵΧȹһ߬סս󣺡ߣǸһȥҵҪǸŮˣȻô۸ǶȥĹ
ǣǲҵǷ֯á
սԸıţŲȴޱϵߡ
ȵ˳⡣
Ѿ˺ܾˣͷеңϻаӡȻսȥռҷʹսͲ֪ӡ˭ˡ
ս²⣬𻨴ġ
ϾսսĿУûǸѪԣȻҲųͻȻһأϾǸ˶ܲñӡ
Դһȥͨ籨źûڿˣ˫ĶŴš
սˣ̳ȥսˣ쵽׺˵ʲôңҽҪƤ˺˿ǺڵŧĻĳ
Ǻսк
ս·һֻܾСӣת˶꣬Ǯ
ԲĸŮһסֱۣǱۿãǴ˳Ųöһ˫۾ǶݺݵĶս壬·ҪѪƵġ
ս屻Ⱥ˻ʵʵҲ̲סˣս÷εģզ˵أװ׵ļ޸磬Ӷˣڱ⣬Ҫȥ
ս⻰̴Ǯ˵˵ʲôأɶʱˣ
û뵽սȻһܲϡ
ֱ̫Ҫˣզҳأ
ûĿڲ¥˵ģҲˡ
սüҵŴһ˵˵ΪɶԵ޹ʵȥ¥ģѵҺСҪҽܸһͷô
սһڣޣҲѲǻܿ㣿
ҲܰƭȥȥҲǰ˵͵͵ƭȥⲻƭô
սôһ˵Χĳ̾ըˡ
ȻũŮ˲ģȻƭ飿
ⲻǸƭҿ͹ֺˡ
ս̳ȴ˵ͻƶӵҲҶԼ˵İ㵱ˮʱ򣬳ҶǻƶżºˣҪûϵ˭ôƴ
ǣֲɵӡԱߵĳŮǡ˸硣
㲻˵ӵ
Ŷ˵ӵ簡û˵ˣҪǲŵĻҶźˣҲܾûˡ
սӵ
ԲУ
̾ͱ졣
սЦһ֪ҡ
ȿϵİӡ̴Сֵĺһ찡ɩǱ˭ˣѲĺͻƶ¶ҶŻȥ㣿
ս壬ôĺ˵˵ЩʲôأҲ˺졣
ս仰̫ޣȻ˵֣ƾսкսһݣʶľͱȥס
ȴ룬ǰƾõȶ
ĻͷͿһվڼһ𾪡
û°ɡ廪ͷս壬дŵǡ
ûû¡
Ӣ۾廪ǰӸµĶ˵Ƿ֯ſڣõĵط
·ɵˡ
˺һͻȻ޳û˰̫۸ˣ̫۸ˣũ˾͸ôǳǾͱҸ߹ôӵ˶۸һŮˡ
ڵһ߿һ߹ս壬÷εļˣҾŹ㡪
졣
⻰һ˵廪̺ǳһ

֪ǰʲôݣֱ˵ݲ򵥣ÿǷ֯쵼ҪսĿ˺С
쵼СӱɩģⲻҪȥôһʲôţҲء
ˡ
սһʵ̫ˣֱǰӡ
սͷûУ㲻Ҫҡ
ǣʵһӰŮ˸۸סˣеӱ
ǰǰŮ˻ĺܣɲҪ
ЩŮʵҲԲ׼˵ݣֻÿͷĸ쵼Ӳġ
ʵ廪һ̫Żˡ
ոµɽװӶõģ־˧
˵㣬㵹ǽǰ˵һ飬ܲԵ޹ʵ㡣
廪Ļе㲻֪ǺãոЩŮ˵ҪȥҲ֪ƭȥ׵׷Ҫķ£Ҫˡ
ǰһӶûҲһä
֯ãȴȥá
ô£
廪üͷĽģߵսǰʵ
ս̧ͷ廪һۣҡҡͷãȻҲ֪ͻȻܵſҳܣһҪң˵ұǴƶһȣЩ㻤ңͱˡ
˵ţȦֺˣὫ䲻Ĺ۽ǣףĺú¡
£㡣
廪Ϊڲ¥Ŀȫ̵ˣȻ֪ս嵽û˵ƶӵ£ߵڰףûﲻԾȻսΪȡƭΪҲܿɶ
һŮӵҸҪñƵ׼
Դ˿̵ʹҲǻˡ
廪Ŀ߲޶ݣĮ΢ЦװԼԾѾƫսˣੲݵ˵ܹͣλĳ쵼սնĳ
ʵ
˵һʱͻȻ廪ڴǡҲڲ¥
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һŮļ˰ɡתͷս壬ȴսһĿԼ
ԭҲڲ¥ôҾȻ֪̫ˡ
廪
ôôݣ
ȷʵɣʱ̫æˣԲûҡ
սɬĵͷ˴ָҵĴͶ磬ǰƭȥס˵ð˳ǱҼ޸Ǹˣ˵˵йԸɩ
廪˵޾Ϳޣ͸ˮͷƵģоʮ档
׵ҿọ̈̄ȷʵֽĲԡ
廪ߵǰԴȷʵȽϹǾû˵粻õĻ㲻ŵĻǿȥҲ¥ĸˡ
¥ҲǹӪλ
廪һ˵̾ˡ
ټʵ˶ڣĿˣûУûС
սߵǰ廪æһ£̫ʵе㼤ȴսƿ֣û취ֻಽĸ߻š
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սĿ԰׵̾˿˵αأԴͶ󣬾һֱңҶѾס֯ˣ㻹׷Ҳš
ս˶Ƶġ
ƣ㶯˶ָҪҪģԲҪ˺òã
սеСⲻģƵģ˵Ļȴ
һСˣһҶֿأӣԸкôҶǻеĹˣȢſǺܼ򵥵飬ͺѦһƣ㲻Ҳһͷô
ˡ
֪ΪɶϱսȽ˵λˡ
ԭʼգսͲǺǵģǸļƭˣҲǣս岻ĻӵôܷôСﲻҪŸŮ˹һӡ
˿ٿս壬۵Ѿ˿־塣
ﵽԼĿĵսĹ˹
ˡ
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˶ߵĲˣ廪Žĵĵݸս壺͸ԡ
лл
ս󷽵Ľ
ո˵Щʱ廪վı󣬿϶һˣҲͲαװˡ
廪ǱʲôҲȥ룬Ժ󽻼Ҳٶˡ
ǹģ廪Ǽһºͺսһ˳š
ϸһ룬еĹϡ
£֪ѾԤƵˡ
Ůӣ൱Ĵˡ
ϸ鲻հǰ˺ʮֵµ˺֡
Ѿʼˡ
ԣǹģȻɲ˺ӬƵҲܷˣһ԰ˣԺ󲻸ҡ
սһ˵һʶƳһ廪
û¶ʲôɫĪ˿
ԴΪսһֱ߻ţ˿Ķõһ棬ͻȻи˼ʵӣͦԸϿġ
ҿƺ׵ưոݣͼ
廪쿴ˣǸɱ缤ˡ
ᵽս̲סüͷȷʵǵ취ռҲУͥʵ̫ˡ
ôȻȻ˵ڣ˿廪Ļ
廪еΡ
¶Ҳ¶̫˰ɡ
ˣ෴Ȥ
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ҲΪͬɡ
Ǵߵˡ
ʵº͵αװסļֻԵ˵ʱ򣬲Żڵı¶ԼĹԡ
˳ĬЯУ˺һ廪ͻȻ롣
Ȼ°ˣҪȥӰô
ս̧ͷȥӰ
廪ͷ
ΪΪʲô
һսʵеĽˡ
Ҫ֪ȥӰ޵ıҪ˼ˡ
ɶˣλע⣿
ѲΪոϷݵرã
ʵҪռҺܼ򵥡
廪סŲתս壺ҼȻƽˣֻҪǸŲ򵹣Ǹ᧿ΣĳϾţҳϹϵҪ˵ʲôռҾͻϵˡ
սЦһΪռңҲ̫˰ɡ
쵽ڣҿ㣬ҾʺңҪһܺҲսˡ
廪ƽһ㶼ҪС
ҵĸ׵ԩҸ׵Ҵ󲮸󲮸ҸײһĸүүȻڲ֪ﻹӵģҪүү֧֣ԲүүǰֳԴ󲮸Ĺԣ෴һҪάԴүүǸô飬Ҫһܰҳͷˡ
廪оݵķ
ԸҵսѣպռңƽμңΪս
սһǷǳӣҲ÷ȵͷȴʼ˼е
˵
սЩŵĿڣδ󲮸ˣõҪģ
ǸҳϵˣǶӻǶԹҡ

22 

ս壺
ȻӺ͹ҷƽλõ˵˸ж, ٶҲ̫˰ɡ
Щܲˡ
, ҵÿһ¡һҲѧ廪ǸȻӵͷ
Ӧõġ
廪ִӿڴͳƱЩƱš
ս忴ĵһƱ, ̧ͷ廪ɶһѽ廪ָ˻ȥҲҪЩƱ
һ, һࣺҿɲΪЩʾ״Ӧˡ
廪Ĭһ£˵Լû뷨ǿ, ĬĬĽƱ˻ȥ
ˣͳȥһ졣
ҵ°ࡣ
սɵĿȥ
°ȥӰ廪ߵսߣ㲻þи͵һ˵׷ͺá
ô
ս廪ĽŲ¥ߡ
˶ԼĻôǵķô
, ôˣ˼, ƺѾβ׶ˡ
ᵽԼĹ, սע̱ת, Щ˷ܵĵͷѾ׼, ɸӡˢͨͬ־ȥӡˢˣܿܿƷˡ
˵, ̲סĸ̾һʱ俴Ʒװõӡ
йҪæô廪ô˵, æʵ
ĹѾˣҪռµĹˡ˵ţսһԴѽҵıʼǱڶ, ҵȥһ¡
˵, æתŶķС
廪Ҳźܡ
ȵ˶, 廪ûٸȥ, սһ˽˶䣬һžͱΧסˡ
ɩӵզ˵ģɩлҪ˵ǾˣûΪɡ
ǧɵĴӦǸ£Ů˾ǸҾ
û͵͵㣬⺢ӣզôɵôĺ˵
սæ̧סһλ֣ͣûУûΪңҲûңֻǺⳳǽġ
ǣɶãֻᱻ˿Ц
仰£ΧĬ롣
ǰɲڿЦô
ҲҶ̫࣬ӵͷûԼѲԼ֪ҪΪ˵ͻԼţŮҲ̫˰ɡ
սҡҡͷ
ʵҶɩҲܣȻĵزãͬΪŮˣĸопԣҶɩ̫ˣҲҶ磬黹ûأϹզ
սΪᣬȻߵ̨߽ԼıʼǱ
ЩŮҲǣҪ˺Լ˵л˻ؼҾҪҪģǹҲצ

ĵ̫ˣ˼Ļ£ȻΪ˵
ǰԺɲôû۶
ǮأҲǵģ˼Ҹ裬Ҳúý̽˼ҡ
ɱ˵ǮˣԼǸϺˡ
µʱǮһֱŸż˳⣬ãֻŸͬˣ˵ϰæܡ
Ǯæ߹ͬ¡
ȥȥȥҼĳѵôҪӺĳĶ
ȺŮЦһȻڳεĴߴ»عλɻȥˣֻʣǮս嵽˳⣬ȻͿվڲԶ̳廪
Ǯ
ⲻǸӲС쵼ôզվǶˣ
쵼Ӳأ
Ǯ߬սСʵ
ս屻ŵӸЦˣһסǮĸ첲Ų쵼أǶ裬ллҶˣҶɩĸ첲ˡ
Ļ˻Ǯĸ첲
ǮĶʱһƬŮ˿žͰԲģҪǰһ£۰°
û򵽰ɡսæµĴǮ
ûУ֨ѵأҶ
ᵽǮҧгݣⲻ˵Ķһҹžǰܻˣ˼޲ȥֻܼ޸ǸͷģҲɵúͺ־֣Ƥ˺ñ˿˭˭ǹ
սһе飺֪衣
ˣ˵¶ˣ裬ǲ쵼˭
Ǯעֱ廪ˣôά㣬òɡ
˵ţתĸ޵Ŀ⡣
ǣѽ裬ͱûأϢȥ͸ɰ֣ˡ˵꣬ս廪ˡ
ǮǵıӰ۾
廪Ĭıսܣվʱ򣬲ֽ°ڳƽˡ
ЩεĿԱս塣
㲻˵ӹǲôզôԶأսЩʵĿˬ廪·оȫǺܼˡ
廪ǰµףȵʱôûкô
սͳ
Ҳԣ廪ϵɽװô࣬㲻ȣ
ľȻɡ
廪Ҳɴֽӹеӣ˲ͷ벻ȥӡˢ
ҿȥӡˢս۾
ţǰķСھӡˢϰ࣬ҿԴȥ廪úַŻս˵Կӡˢӡ
սæͷҪҪȥ
廪һеӣ̲סЦЦãҴȥ
սæֻع˵һʰԼĶԼСͺ廪˷֯
˹˲š
廪ĿսϥͷǸصС档
˵ĲϣŤŤżСһ֪ߵղզã֪Լգ廨ɼжమ
ҡҡλδŰСʱ
³ʱ򣬽һȿգսһ£ں廪ȥס
Сһ㣬·̫á
սվӣܡ
·ֹǲ̫ãֱõһĳ̶ȣӿݵģһ뵽֮ǰÿ춼ҪһˣսĪеġ
ȵսͳԼ֯Ĺ֤ǼǺ˳Ľӡˢ
ڵӡˢڵ䡣
ſڣսѾ͸վڻԱߵ廪ƿţԼȴȥȽȥͬ£ȥһҷСȻ㡣
սҪ죬ǵͷá
ÿ㣬ҪŪĻҿɲ㡣
˵꣬Ͱͷȥˡ
廪ЦЦתλƵһķ߹ȥɴЦǱոսʱϣ˿̾Եÿࡣ
սǽߵ棬֡
ලӡˢĹˣսͷս壬⼫ˡ
զˣ̽սӭ˹
˴ġս庬˵һ䣬ȻĿͱӡˢϵֽסߡ
ֻڸ߸ߵĵ棬ǰĻһһϵģЩڻſһ˲ֽȥֽóٳſʱһſհ׵ֽȥȻſʱѾӡˢȥˡ
⻭ӡĿá
һī˵Ļս̲ס̾
ǿɲ⻭õĴʦġԱߵŮ佱ʱˣ̵˵ɼʹģĶҲûͣ
սЦλˣӡȥӿ
Ǹá
Ů۾ʱһǶӡ˺üˣǰͷĹ͸ˣβһֱû͹ţèצƵܡ
βˣڻ廹ڿ̻ʦǶǿɻأӡĻǰͷݡ
ǾÿôսŮѾˣæʵ
ÿզÿǰЩĿߵĹأҿͬ־ʱҶˣҲ֪Щ˭ôܻôÿأ
ԣʱ͡һЦ
һסսļ򣺡Զߣǰ
Ů
һ֣ϲĺɶ⻭λСͬ־ģǣ񡭡˵ţ̲סͷһۣͬ־̫ÿˣͬ־˵Ժ󻹻Ż
ԣһһֱȥġ
ս󷽵ĵͷԺǷ֯ӡˢֵܵλˣҪںġ
Ļͬ־˵ǺȻҶֵܵλˣԺܻܲӡˢĹ°ŮһӡˢһЦҿǳȥģ
ս壺
Ȼ˶İ
εĵͷлĻһ
ôһ仰ԱһֱûŮҲ
廪ٹʱսѾűװӱߣһ˽һ߷ܱʼ顣
廪еЦǵĶȥ
ò
ս̧ͷ廪һ˲翴˾ǣʰ
µˣлҵĹ¡
ѽСոһкöû˵ء
ǰ´ͬ־һ
һһսӡˢӳŵЩǱ
սһһ߳˳Լıӣε˵Щ̫ˡ
廪ЦЦϲ
һƤսԴ磬ûôֱ׵Ŀ佱أ̲סֱ˿ãû졣
廪ûпС
ȥӰ
սЩεƳһ廪Ӱ鲻ż飬һϸһ¡
廪һ£û뵽˵ֻǵ׷ܾԼĲˣ෴Ǹ֪ԼŮΪһЩʾ͸ıԼ뷨
ʲôô
廪һ䡣
ҲʲôǣǰɣҾã֮ĸԵȡ
ô˵
㿴ս忪ʼָռҶ˵ʵɺܴв˵鷳˵㣬벢ѣ౻Т˳μҾͲһˣ˵һ̯£붼ͷҲý뿪ռǣһ鷳
ʵҲ뿪ռѡ
廪վս壬ĪЩίõĶҪࡣ
ţ
սҲվͷĶӹȥ
ĬĬһ󷴶廪תͷ
ҲһӴ߹ӰɣǰԺ޹˼ɣһ㣬֧㣬δʲôҶʵĺܣȻμҲĺܣֻҪõүү֧֣ıκ˶ãȻҡ
廪ǰһ¿
дżѹȣ˿Ѿû֮ǰº͵ģдԣҵҳϣҵУ㡣
ͨ
ѽ˺ôУ
ս˿ڿˮǿҪԴ
һٴ֮ľ룺ٸһʱ䣬Ҫϸǡ
廪ĿһȻҲһ
ٴλָ֮ǰеӡ
һ·ԡ
廪սͻ˷֯Լ˹˼ҡ
սƵıᣬûԣֱϴ˸ͰԼشϣʲôķſԼȻſʼ˼廪˵Ļ
廪˵
廪ΪսѣȻԵӣΪ˰֣µʱҲ᷽ࡣ
Ҫǣ廪֪Ŀҡ
Ŀ
һֻҪ붼øˡ
ھֱӴӦĻ᲻Եò̫֣
˸ſͷϣ˼һĬĬ˸
Ρ
ֻҪ廪ΣʹӦ
ڻҪɶġ̸̫࣬˭Ȼ󰮵ģ
˵ˣմССŮ˲ϲô
׵ս̽˼һӣ˸ǵ˯ˡ
廪Թš
˵˵㣬զôɵأ׷ʱ첻ͻԼȥ԰⣬Ȼôϡ
ˣӻһʣ֪ûԼ˼СȥӰƱû͵ĳȥ
廪ͷ˵˵š
ˣһžͽñѸԱȻһ߽⿪Ϳһʵզǣ
ĺӣ˼ҹˣͲȥ
˵ţһ廪ˣ
廪̧ͷȵЦЦ
һȫ廪ֱ߹ʵ˼ҹˣļҵģ
ºӴʱ򣬸ҩǸС֪ࡣ
̾˿ҲԵǰ廪ȥ׵˭֪С֪Ҳף˵С֪ǱƭȥģĸڼҸ˼Ҹ޳ȥǸģǰͷ˸ӣ廪ۣ͹ȥС֪ˡ
˵ţ̲סЦⲻͿˡ
廪ԣʱɫһࣺҿ˼ң˼Ҷҿû˼
Ŷզ˵СӳҲ˼զͿˣԼ˱Ҷˮڴڵĺȣھͺһ
ºӴʱǻ᲻ǱȽô
ʱºӴ壬һ󶼲ҷɾ·Ҵ±ʱ֮Ĳñӡ
ãͷ㲻ꡣ
Ц
廪̾˿һ֪Ǻõģ
¶Ҳܹ㣬һ£ٺú׷ͺˡ£ʼôŮӣ׷ŮɽӵϸĿĲݵľ뵱ҡ
˵һɫͻȻһ
˵ʱ׷ŵʱ˼Ҹɻ
ǣɻ˼ȥŵңڵǵʱܸ֯ġ
ҲҪ˵ʲôˣɫʱһæȥƻʲôˡ
죬ıӰ̾˿
廪ָۣĸű·ûӡ
μҸոգһֳȥ
ȥ֮սǽһˬֻüͷ˼֣»ɷ˼£Ѿд˴٣ʱ׼ݣֻдСׯϯͿֻˡ
Ҳʱӡˢӡˢǧˡ
֯׶԰˶ٱ֯Сѧٱ
սҪʮԼʮʣµʮȫҹɫȥǮң˺
˳ʯ屾Լִ屾ʣµʮȫеȥˣеȷְ֯࣬Ȼ࣬Сѧֳ˻еһСͶССѧʮȻȥѧУֻøϤѣǵĴȥӿ
ʮһĺӣв԰ڵġ
˵Լ͵͵ȥƷվյģ׵ģһô
ֱǷּ
û죬⼸ѧУ
쵼̲סʺģĺãֱѷ֯ĸߴϼˣԼ˶ĳȵĺܡ
ȻֱӰս¶˵ˡ
¶ͱմ󺣵϶ͷϷ֪ˣصģմ󺣣հŮеӰŽ֯ðȻɳô¶ɱöˡ
մ󺣻أզˣ
Ϸһ£漴Ц㻹֪ŮСǸڷ֯£Ǹǻеˣ쵼úõĺܣ׼ȥֵܵλѧϰء
մЩû뵽СŮȻⱾ¡

զ֪ģ
ϷЦĸˣֻЦ˼ֳЦ㻹֪ɣƵĺʮ˵ǼСŮ͸ġ
մ󺣸ոջЩģ˲ͳȥ
Ϸ֪ʵôѲӾȻ֪
֪Ǻӻ˵ˣһ򲻰Щû
ô˵մȴѾ
Ǳ߻û׾أ߾ͺó⸱ģˣҪ˸ɵ裬ð׵ӹǽˣ
ǿŭմһֱȵ°࣬һԵĻ˼ҡ
û뵽ûžĿ˵˵ս嵽զģѦﲻˣôң˼ҸˣҶӣŻ˹
ˣ𻨾ȵ˵һæȥս·
ġ
ս⿪ԼС¶죬Ϸ˲ŻߵģԿرء
ɱǧСϸƣզܶأ
һʱ۵Ĳ֪ǺãֵȫԻ
ƽʱɿˣתߣԶĸŮЩӣΪƶӵ飬սȥ᷿㼸˯ãʵ㣬˺С
裬Ҳܣ˵ɶҲðǸӸУս庰üޣҶˣûмױҲûϵҪ˰ٿǮʱöٿǮʣµٿǮ˽Ǯ
ġߡһѦǲˣ㻻һҡ
⻹иģǸίģǮĺܣе㲻ãеȳӰ·
ս
վڴմȴǻŭ
ֲСŮԸأҲͼأԭСŮĻء
մתȦҲûҵ˳ֵģͿǽǸϱ޵ˮҲֱҹȥ

սһ
Ȼ͵سͿմ۷죬ţĿ
֡ƶʱŻȥˡ
մ̧֣ݺݵĶս˦ȥ
ž
챻ϷЦıһŭڴ˿˲䱬
ҹȥ
մ󺣵ڲսĲţմ󺣾Ȼۿմŭŵһ仰˵ڣľˡ
մֽ˷ڴϵ𻨣ﲻãҪ㻹費
𻨵ɴ۾ɤӺôˣô꣬ҹԹԲˣ
Ҫ޸ȳӣ
ȳҲǸίģ
𻨻ﲻԡ
ίôЩĳģô˼ңҪѹŮƣЩƫҾ͵ûֻҪžУھȻҪȥ˼ңҪۿһΪġ
ŷ֣մսˡ
Ŀմ󺣣ͻȻ˷ƵĽϵıӣҵ˵˲ŷǱָӹ̸ǸĴ磬ǸŮֲҪˡ
˫ĿĶǺ⡣
ֲһˣҪϰ࣬ϻҪӣҪʱɱ˷ҿ϶ˣǸɥǣۻʮ꣬˸ͺˣҵŮӦŮ
סס޳
ʮˣ̫ˣ̫˰
մԣҲ̲ס̧˦һ⣺ȥ˭Ҳӣ˼ôûƫĳ
ƾɶ˵ңƫôĻûô
𻨵Ŀմ󺣵͵һȻ˵ϡ
°ؼҵһƣͿŷſˤķˮ̴һҵˮ
ȻˮƿӼڵѾˣΪģûʲô⣬ǱһôĿӣͲ֪ܻܲڵˡ
⵽զ°ǳܹ鳳ܣҲҵˮƿ
˵ţ̲סĳŶ᷿ȥ
϶¶
ò𰸵һĻ˷䡣
ϵʱϥڴϣ֣ص˵սҲǺ֪ͨ㣬ǴȥˣҪּҡ
ּң
սһæϴϱ˵ɶأúõķɶҰ
쭳޵ˮƿʲôˣȥ˲Ҳûˡ
սʱͷ綷
һսСĺܣҸϴš
š
սһӱð
˵ˣǻϹ˵ģƭģ˺ôҪʲôҾͲúһ˵һСĿսûʲôӦҧҧĵⱲҪǺ˫κιϵҾͳòúҲҵӲգ
˫Ŀ᣺Ҷöӷˣ㻹ô
սſʵͲˡ
첻ǼٵģʹҲǼٵġ
ǡ¶ʵ̫ˣ
ǣǳ⣺˵Լͺãúӷʲô
ⲻ㲻ô
ȥսҲþû¶ˣӿ̾˼˳ƾͰѹ˴ϡ
ֹ˼졣
սŹ˼ӣͻȻɫԾ
һͽս֪ôڰٻ̵Ǳߣ˵
ɶ
սû뵽սء
㻹ʣ㵽˵ܶ㲻Ըˣһ٣Ǳ߶˵ء
սĬһ˲֪ˡ
ѽ֪ɶѽһ㶼ż
սЦЦ壬ûͲ¡
Ŀ˲临ӣ㰡̫̫ˡ
սЦţֻЦ·޾ıˣŴκ󣬷·ҲסˣȥԲʧ̬ˣֻǡ
ֱͣ۾Ҳ̲סĿ޳ΪʲôҪ˵ң
ѿˣߵؿڣһȥ͸˵˵˵øΣ˵ǰܻô˵Ŵ˱˸˵ôҪǳ£ɱˡ
ս屧ˡ
ȵ°ʱսʰöһߡ
ҪؼôĵǵĿ
أȥҴɩʵզ£Ե޹ʵģզְˮõˡ
ϴ˵ģսɩַ֯飬ʱսͬ飺Ҫһȥô
ҳ󲻿Լȥͺá
̾˿·ںսֵ
սһһŲݸ壬˭룬һͿ廪վǣǽ·
ͬ־ô
廪վҽ㣬ϴε鿼ǵôˣ
еͷˣû˵
սƤЦⲻЦĹ˹
벻˵廪˫ڵ۾Īֿ˿ڣЩ˲̫ʵҲ̫ˡ
ô
廪ֱҺһȥҾãʱӦòսʱˡ
ս壺
һûӦ㣬ͺҲսÿô
廪һ𣬴Կ
ǵҲǡ
սҲ̲סЦ
ڶˡ

23 

廪˵Ҫæ, Ȼǰ˵˵ġ
վڲ·ڡ
һռҵķһڵСѧ
ô, , Сĵ㡣
ս徾Ŵӵķβʮ֣صĶ廪ͷ
廪ǳЦһ, Ҳѧսӵͷ֯ģ֯һνҵ, һġ
ս졮ɱϹƶˡ
š
廪ֽ⿪촦ĿӣҲԳġ
¶һУԲܸԼκεİѱ
սĶӻ, תСѧķȥ, 廪Ŀȥ󣬲ת෴ķȥˣȻ뿪Ƕ, ɶھЩ̾ĵضȴûǡ
, ѾǰķСϵˡ
Щ꣬һҲ˲ѹ, úõһԺӵ, Ȼ䵽ӡˢɨ, ϴ廪ȥ, ʱͿ, 廪Ҫ, Ȼȫȫ֧, ֻгȥϼһ졣
ڵСѧǶͬСѧ, ʦ, ҪǶ꼶ĿΡ
ѧƵ飬һ춼ûϢһֱѧУѧڱε顣
Ϊ٣ѧУûкӣʦӰᵽȥˣߣط󣬴Ҳʮͨ磬죬˸оˬ
ʦ
дһֽ¸ֱʶˮȿڲ裬˺ˡ
ã
Щ£漴ͷӦս塣
ΪûӣܱƵӵҲôһˡ
վͿսͷ˽ս崩һɫĲӣ˫ˮ۾һԴ
ֻվţĿĵɨȦȻһ죬ȻϿǻɩ

æ߹ȥסսĸ첲զˣ
´ս壬ʮûˣܾСӱÿˣǳķˡ
ɩû£Ҿ㡣սգգ۾ˮƻȥһǿӡ
⺢ӣɩӻɶ˵ģǲڳ۸ˣ
ս廹Ǻкøеġ
ΪսسǺֲ໰Ϊսȥסʱ򣬵ԼøסˣҲ϶ҵĺƤָ˽ңǸմ󺣳ܣ޵ˮƿսСӼֱǺСӵĵ͡
ûС
սҡҡͷͷӰ﷭屾ˣɩġһӻ΢죺һģڷ֯׶԰СѧĺǶԽģǺͳϲҪ屾
Щˡ
ӹһۣͱ澫Ļ磬·ʽסߡ
㻭ģ
šսɬĵͷĴиϻҰɻһû뵽ˡ
Ŀáĵ̾
СӻģơϵõùԱߵϷΪһ屾ԭʦҲһ
սû˵һʱ䷢Լߵ£Ȼɱ˵սսƭȥ׵顣
һսսȻ޸ͷʱüë̲סôզ¶أ
ԭվڿſڵĵطСעϣѹûעߡ
һ̶˹
񱳶վţȻûս忴ˣȴͷȨû
ţֲЩһصôڿأҪ˰Ҿ˵ǰЩˤˣһ˵ǿӲˣһ˵ı벻ˣͻһΣֻһ֣²
뵽ԼǸˤûõˮƿ̲סһڣޣҾ֪ĺڵĺܡ
ս嵽ʱŷ·סˣɩʵûˣҶ㵽ȥˣǻŹң֪ôǰȥ˷֯ҪǳĴǻңҶҪˡ
ɶŮ˻ȥȥ
š
սʹصͷ˵ҪǮҪһļϡ
ð˼ҴӵϱãͰҵ˶¡
ͶˬˣûȥĹʻСӣͲԸĺܣսôһ˵Ҳ¶ô£ֱӾըˡ
ɩҲ֪ˣôҡ
˵ţսᡣ
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ӦˣѼͲʲôݳƷ, ǰºӴʱ, ţλÿɽţҹ, 廪ǽȥɽʱţһˣĵ˴һһԣ;ѼƸԡ
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Ĭ緹ˣս𷹺ȥϴ½±ҲȥȴսסˣվˮرϴУϴһ룬ԱߵˮͷҲˡ
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Сո¡ɽȴк
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ׯϯЩȥӱǱߵӲȥˣɽֻսˡ
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ɽôһɫʱͲÿˡ
ҾΪڹû˰æҪйģ˵ˣׯϯ˵ô˵æĶûʱԷˣҴûģһʮﻹæûˡ
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ǰɽСЬԴӵӰƬͲˡ
˵ģ֯ûͲС
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˵ս·磬ڶ廪ˣսһ߳԰һ߽µЦ˵ˡ
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զˣսҧһڰӣһãȻĿ廪
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š
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Ҫ֪Ҵĸ˭Ͳô˵ˡ
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ĪֲõԤС
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廪ҲεЦǰҵүү뿪ʱĹΣ˭뵽ż꣬ѾӪ֯ˣŮ˺һҵᡣ
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廪ڹȥûзսĲԾ
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ܾʲôս죬Щɥ
һʱ벻еģԺˣ˵ˡ廪ο
㼪԰ɡ
ս̾˿վ˸
廪ŷȥϴվˮرߣϴʮϸ£սλƵߵȥ˸ˮһЦüˡ
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֮ǰսһ֣ã걻̵Ǽĸң϶Ͼ˹ϵûбںһԺбҵСѧĻԸȽıʰŻˡ
սͷ֪ˣ߰ɣһյġ
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ҲˣֻϧǸֻǸСѧҵֱӻûԣڵһֱˢȥˡ
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ҲˣŰ²ɵĹӣԴģֱҵս壬̧ͷ
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սôһңʱһһ׵ġ
ս忴սֿͻȻ䷢˲Ծ
զ˫۾ĲߵأңɫҲ̫ѿ˰ɡ
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һû֯ȥ˷Ʒչվǵúս˵ڷƷչվԿαʱԼӵģʽѧϰԱˣӶʼ׷
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ǰѧʲôս彫ոյ˼׿˵
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һѾͺܲпˣֶǻᣬǲᣬû취׵ġ
һĵͼ⾳ӱڿհ״֣дʢ֣һӾͰθˡ
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һŮһˮīɽ룬ɽˮһҶۣ̣ս彫еĻһֱӾͿţ˼Բģ뵽Խ׶Ρ
󣬻µŻѡ
һһˮīǸûҵģĸǳϷģǰﱻͷûˣóˣֻĸ׿ˮƿûֻڼչ
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˵֪֮ûˣսǸм㣬ʾԼһúû֯Ρ
ϵʱֵĻ˼ҡ
һؼҾ͸˸ĸϢĸĸʱݺᣬǿһӣΪľǺӣŮ˳·ԺҲ˵ҪǶиùҲĿˡ
սбԱ󽫣Ȼٴڴ칫ˡ
ׯϯӺӱˣ̽Աߵһڳ°칫ң˸ӣƿơ֪ĻΪǻʲôͼֽء
°칫ҵǽͿİװ׵ģŰ칫˽ȥ
ΪҪԵʣǵİ칫Ƶģܴ󣬻һ̶סĹëʵļӣӴͷ֪ĻΪѧԺʦ칫ء
Ȱ칫ңսִȥһ棬ĸڹӪ˶ٷսĿ͡
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ҲѹֵμҴˣⷿҲ̫˰ɡ
ˣɡ廪ƿţսЦ˵
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˵Ż, סս֣廪̣廪̾ͳɡ
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սֻҪԸ⣬һֱһС, һ̡ġ
סĸ첲ͬ־͸˵, иͰ, һֱźء˵ţʹߣ֪ǶºӴ, ˵ɶҶҪȥݷһ
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С֪ǧô˵ʡβ졣
ս̧ۿһ廪æ۾һߵĲ֪ǺõģͷǺˮƵģԺ̲סĸˡ
廪Ŵ˿̵ս壬ʱʹʹȻս塣
ֻŮǸǰ˺ģ
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廪Ĳˮ͹ˣ˿ڣ̧Ӻս֮ɨһۡ
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ﶼЩʲôˣ
ҸĸڣǰЩˤˣЩӶȣһ㣬˵սͷƺЩҺͼ˹ϵãѾӼᵽסˡ
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廪˵£֪Ĳ̲ס׷һ䡣
սһ£漴ЩįÿøĸԵģҺǵԵֱȽǳɡ仰˵ֱˡ
࿴ž;ۡ
ңҲʣúӣǺúӣԺ󰡣ۡ
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Ǻɸֻ֣޲öס廪졣
ռսңͷ⣬Ҳڵһŵʱ˼ңⲻ˼²̨ô
һһ廪ȥ˳
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һȲʱ򣬾Ա˺ͺ㣬˵ǷʢˣԷʱ࿴ӣ̲סĸˣҲͶ˸ˣһ϶ֵģǰġ
һߺһĥţڵÿУϾͶСˣùͰ졣
ʱȥ˯˸ս廪Ժ￴飬ʱʲôվڴڣɷüۣԼҲ̲סЦ
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ţĥЩһװţϣս˵ʱѾȴɷ·ƵģսŵĻش˼⡣
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þԱ廪һȥͣ˳ս˿
һ죬˵׼ɵҲͷһμҳܲŵġ
ȵ˷֯ſڣ廪þԱһԼսȥְᣬ˴ţתȥӻ·Ͽţ廪ƺڱĿ
ͻȻӲɲ廪۾ôˣ
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գææܹĴ֣ͼһɣ֪ˣ𲻼Ұ˵Ŀˡ
廪ɫһ䣬ԸԱֱ뿪
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̼ˣæ廪ıʣͬ־ֻǸ󣬸ۻԱʲ꣬һúõ˵ģ¶ɲܼڱϰ
̨ͱ磬ǿɶɱ˲õģҪǸٻ̵ҪҲøŵùʱһũֵܵĴñӸ
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ǰѧĿɲˣôûãǿѧġ
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˵廪ܸںһ뵽ȥμ˶ӭ廪ȥռұô붼ö廪ƽ
ҪȻؼ̽̽ڷ磿
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˵ʲôжˣҰ˼գЩеûġմ󺣴սվüͷ
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սһӿ˳㵽ǼŮŮ˰ٿǮ˶ֵ˰ٿǮ
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վԺĨᣬսȥƳӣվûһﴫ޴ҪôǮɶҸô꣬ѵôһ޶ë
ҪϷӣ͵ҪǮզѲϣǿӴȾɵһӵɵӣ
¶ȻԼҪ㷳ʲôıԼǿӱɵˣ㵣ĸƨ
ȻģûӻģҵĴء
ͲԼƣԴһһģʲô£
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ڼȴѾžһƬ
սޱվţһĪģȻѾʧ͸ˣ񿴵ܣ߹Ȱǵ춹ģҲȥ
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սǿЦЦսˣĬ˳ˡ
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ս˳ûУһԲˡ
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մɫܲÿѾ֪սѾˡ
ϵġսҲֻôȰմ󺣡
վԱ߲˵ֱ²ô򵥵Ľսռֻ̹ԼԤУܾռҽܻᵹùˡ
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ռŮһʮǮֻΪŮһҵԴ˳
ѧУսӵĶУҲ˻еĴɢڴѧıĶ

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ѧУӽ꿪ʼ͸ĸ˾¿ѧձǿ꼶, Ϊ°Ĵ, ѧУ͸պǿѧ
ǰѧУʱǿ˵Ҳ, ǻԹԺһߵġ
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ǿ, սԶԶ, ĺߣҲҪӡ
ǰǿҲ˵ҪսӣΪᱻͬѧЦǻû̵ĺӡ
ɵвۺӵģǿڽǰȥԵóԵģʡȥ˻ҪͬǸɵӷ, սĻ, ҲûϣǼߵǿǰһĵıϡ
ϹɶأߣӪ칩Ӧ, 㲻ϲԵô򡣡
ҲҪԺҲˡ
ǿܵ˺üԺҲ⣬Ҳ·ˣҲҪµˡ
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סǿҡҡ˭ǰ˵˵ģɶʱСˣߣȥʦҵҪҥҲ졣
˵ţһסǿѧУϡ
ǿýŵŵ棬ϣҲȥҲҪˣѵҪôˣ˵ҪСܸ̽ͷøء
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˵꣬ҲսʲôӦתʹ󲽵Զˡ
ǿĻսڵӶ˵ģֱǿûӰˣ͵ػع̧ž׷˹ȥ
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ıѧУŭģҲ˲ˣս˷䣬һʹսĵкӵĿ
ıüͷһ壬ֱ̧š
սҿš
ɷˣȴ·ûƵģڲͣ߶š
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顪һ졣
ս߶ûˣǿҲֹͣ˿
սǶô㿪ı߽ȥüͷĽģɫѿ
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ǿҸߡ
顪ˣ
һ죬ıֱߵԱߵķʣһֱӰסˡ
ı˿ŬѹԼսû˵ҲҪҵǮҲҪķӣߣ뿪ң
սԭıѵõŭŵˣĻ̲סŭˡ
ĺѵǵһǸɵӣ
ҵֶӣ
ıһȭŰϣˣĹҸһģ˵һӣˣǶÿš
ǿأֶֻӣ㿴˹ǿô
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ȥŴߣ֪ĻΪ׶أҲǣȥ·ˣڼҺɩӣйŮģ˭ֲ֪ҰֵͬǵĻ¡
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Ϊ裬û裬ֲܿӣҲ˭ܣ
ıҲ̲סֺ̧ݺݵ˦սһ⣺սԼȥ֪ͷô˵ģһѳסսĸ첲ϣ翴Կӵ̬Ҿ͸֪ĺݣû뵽㲻ԿӺݣԼҲôݡ
սͷƫˣֱ˸򣬻ûüãŸоԾæקҪקĶȥҲȥҲߡ
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˶֪ռСŮһʮǮΪǼң
ıֶˣ۵Ҳ˺Ѫ˿
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սŻ㲻״æ߹סıȴı͵תͷɺ۾ţ裬Ҫ飬Ҳˡ
顪
սֻһţҵһ㡣
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Ҳ̲סļʹıı˵˵ɶأզأҿɲһף׳ɶ¶ˣզֵҪһˡ
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ǿѾŴˣıսһ𣬾һûԹ
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սվ˫ۣ۵᣺Ҫ飿
ıƲͷȥ˵
ҸûҪҵҪȥʣĸɥͷҥ˵꣬һĳ˳ȥıӦ׷ʱѾӰˡ
ͬʱռҵɫҲѿմ󺣣ɫֶݡ
սźվڷſڣսڱСԴ˵ڿĨġ
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ϷҲߵһ鳤ֱԽǵ˸ΣﲻˣȥΣ˵Ǽǿġ
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Ȱ㻹ǺúùܺԼɣһҪּңҲ֪Ӷ˭
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ͷģȦҲ͸ˣ˿ֿ
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ӶӿλСոµķṦΰ˵Ҳᱻƭ

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ĸһеְԺȥ
ȵ˴ſڣԶԶľͿվµ廪
ǵˣ廪æСܹˡ˵ţǼ˵ͷҽܣǺã廪ġ󡣡
ۣ
Ůӿ廪˲ˡ
ʮ޵´һǱ廪ս˸ĴָȻĵױһͨóۣ䲻Ľá
սҲŮһ½ܣò˵ǰִѸۿļӸ̫ǿˡ
ȵ˺ҡ
ԺѾ˲ˣմ󺣴սսæȻսѾ̳ȥˣǵҲսĶø磬ҲӦġ
ңĶǻеյĴ㲻Ҫմ󺣹մҲƤġ
ս忴մʱһ£漴Ц΢΢Щĺһ塣
ȿսʱսͻԾˣ硣
ս´һս壺񻹲
ţЩ̫æˣûպ˼롣ս̲סЦһüżָЩզ˵ģô
Ӱȥˣ賳һܣӻˡ
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սʱˣɩĺöѣɲʱӰ
費ùӰȥ˵˼䣬ƺʹ죬֣ǺͳŻˣˣΪǺͳʹӻˡ
սҲ⼸ģͷۡ
ڶһҰȥˣҲϽȥѴɩӻɡ
սͷͿǹеս壬̲סĵãҾȥ
սЦ
˵Żأһֱ˵廪ͻȻڣɰˡ
սæ
սſ廪սǵĳƺʱɫһ壬Ավ˼˭
廪Ҷ󡣡
սպĽܵ
廪ӣקԼܸս񣺡廪Ҵ磬ս񡣡
廪һ¡
漴ϼ˼ĿսһۣԭĴ磬Ǿˡ
ս廪񿴵͵һ飬ֻú󱳺ëˡ
ֱ÷е㶫
ս̲סüͷĶҲǾˡ
һ֣֮ͷ·˵⽣Ӱ
ϯʱ̫ˣ´һʱŰݷá
Ҿ͵ˡ
˶һۣȻִߡ
ɿ֣սæ뿪ˡ
ս̲סЦ
ûɶͻȻһ¡廪ǣֱ֮ǰĶŵģ
ǡúսʶס֣ߣҴȥҸɰ֡
廪ĵͷ˽յ֣Ȼæ̧ͷһûע̿һס赲ࡣ
ů΢С֣̲ס
һֱ̨ǰ廪æɿ֣һĸսݡ
ͺ廪档
廪ȻʶҲΪԷǼԱʮ𾴣֪廪ӣҲǺͰһʱ˾ȻĵúܺãȺսüͷëë档
һҪǿͷ衣
ᣬͷһھͲˣս庰һɰָ裬˲ˡ
ɺͿϯˡ
մΪףڵĶ壬ȻҪϵģŵǳĳϯɶģǾصĴ
ˣ˵ľ߲ܣԼžƱƵƵٱ
ս忴̲סƲƲ졣
ЩˣԽҪԽǵò
մ󺣲ôġ

29 

׺Ǻ¶, һӾ
廪緹ʱ򣬸սһ˫ףָ, ɫģ͸һ׾װر䣺үүոҵģȥ
Լôսӹϣһ߿廪ϵס
һ, ʱò̻
廪ս壺̫ˣôţҲûһŻǰ̫ˡ
սһʵ˵ġ
رġ
ǽ, óԵ, ʱֵ㡣廪һ˵һ͵սɫ, ûʲô仯ĬĬ˿
Դǰս˵ҪϽѻڶͿʼ¶ˡ
˵սĶ, ˵˵սѣǽҲ顣
һ뵽˻, Ƿ, 廪ֹסЩ
ѽ, ʱҶ׼, óԵġ
Ǹúߵʱ, ƫƫиһĵͷһģ
廪Ц, 緹, ȥϴ˷, ֮ǰгƬǱѾһˣҪҪȥ
ˣ
սĿ廪Ź˶ðƷˣ⶯ÿ졣
ûУֻһǵĵ׸ѾˣֻҪһͨˣԺĻٶȾͿˡ廪е£̲סЦôôƬͬ־ǿ൱ء
ȣҲǾȣֻǾǵٶȺÿ졣
սҵѹʹˣ໭С
ȷʵܲˣߵٶȷʵҪӿˡ
廪ô˵սҲʱھͻذ칫ȥȥ
յ֯ʱΪվȽŸ飬Ƭĳ֣Լ˽Ƭ״Ѿû취һֶˡ
ܱôϲѽܾüϵĵӼء
˵ţս׼뿪
ȵȡ
ȴ룬廪סˡ
תͷɻĿ廪զˣɶ£
ȥҲһʱ벻ȥƬ
սʱˣͷ룬ھȥ廪ͷżĶţھȥ٣ſڵҡ
˵ţֱˡ
ȥׯϯׯϯ˵ҪȥƬ̾˼١
С˷֯ĴţͿ廪гվ·Ĵ£ǹϰʱ䣬֯Ůͬ־࣬廪ôһСվſڣ˵Ŀ⡣
սС˹ȥ͵ǵ˾͸ˡ
˶Ŀˣ˳ܿʧǰ
ʣµ˶ʱΧסǮǮСӲСոµĶɡ
ǮЦǺǵĵͷĶ󣬶żˣֻҼ棬ˡ
ѽǿ̫ϧˣһֶӽܸС֪ء
ɲǣС֪õĺӰҲÿԸҲá
ǰǹĸء
ǮҲֻЦһ仰
Щͬ¼ʵ˵ЩкӺ廪̫ˣ˵廪Ľүү˵廪ԼĲŻ͹ЩԲλˡ
뵽ǰϣɴϷȥģǸ޲ðСθԼоӵļƣ֪⺢ӵĵжʵ
һֱϧˡҪǻдѧĻС׵һѧ
ˣСĶϰأ
Ƭĸ£СһĻˣ̸ǮɲԼĸŮ˿ˣ˵
أ
㣬˵ˣǹְԱɼˡ
ְ
һΧ˵ֹסۡ
Ҳ֪˭ͻȻ˾䣺ǴˣѳϢСŮ̳ȥˡ
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ʱոԼĬնʱ
ȻԼֶûСո£Сոµù£ƵЩο
ǮĵЦһȺŮˣ׼кޣ˼ûУȴ١
һߣս廪ȥƬ
Ƭĵλúܺãڱǿ˴ſڣͿŵɷë֣顮ǵӰƬʱİꡣ
廪ȥͣ˳ȴսǼһ֡
ǼǺ˺˾ֱȥ˶ɨäĹҡ
ʮˣһķæµͷҲ̧һһСˮƿдţһˮЩڻͼģеͷˣϻ۾ëʣȴһ˿רע
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С̴չСʵʲô£
λӢ֮ԭߣһȡ廪ͬСش
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С۾ʱˣһסս壺ˣҺϲҲܺãֿĸ飬ÿһοҶ̲סӯ
ϲͺáսҲЦź֣˵ҽܵս壬СվС
ǿɲУýʦС
СЦЦȻȥİ칫ҡ
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Ⱥ֪ʶִ̫˵˲ģȺ˻᲻ˡ
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սͷƽǸСдԼȥȻҪһӳᣬΪԭˣǲˣԭߣһֻ
Сʱӳķ׼ˡ
һȺٵĹԱһ˼һʼǱĽ˷䡣
ΪԭߣȻ롣
ΧˣսҲͳһʼǱ׼ʼ¼
ֵĻ濪ʼּ֡Ӣ֮ȻĻһڣʱ򣬾һŮڼϴıӰ棬ϵĵһĻ
ս忴ŵӰͷڱʼǱд˼֡
žķչڿʼˣһֱ󣬺ͬ־׳׳˶̲סվƣţһڣͳЩɨäõ֣иڶЩ֣·ŹڶƵģһηʮӻųʧˡ
ӰƬֳþû˵
˺һƽվս壺ôո¿оΣ
սͷ˿ԼıӣȻվ
ЦݣȶŴҾһȣлλŬĺܺãԿҵġ
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ţս廰һתҲȷʵеҪʹ̽һ£ȻԭߣӰȴǸˣ˵ﲻԣϣҺ
ոֱ˵ɣɶܽܡǰһ˺
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ս̯ʼǱԼ֮ǰд˵ҵĽǣʹõַƪǾȻӢۺͬ־°ؼʱ·ϵĻ棬ţһطŻˣͬ־Ҳûĳ𳡣ȻڣʱСͬ־ϴĻ棬ڻ²⣬ͬ־ûоûˡ
ս˵ţͿһĵͷʼǱʼǡ
ڶ㣬ҾüȻɨäһҪĻĻҪ̵֣ҪŴùܿĸǻиӡ˭˵ģھʲô˼ֻɨäȲ
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ս˵̲סЦЦԺĹźֵܵλ飬ܼԱ˴˹˽⣬ԺµӰҲкܴİ
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廪һ°͡
ƽعһǻʲô뷨вͬҲ
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⻹ɶѽո֮ǰ˵ЩֻҪһ룬;òһˣȻǹ̲ԷˣֻձƣɲУľ͵дС
ƽֵʵȸһͷеĻܷɣĹǱȥǢ
һ۾վͷܺĹǱߴùϵƬҲǺ;Ϲϵˡ
սƽ֪⣬˲ѡ
лܽҵ飬ٵݣʵһи飬ҾÿŪСΧӳᣬ뾩ǵ̨Ĺţ˲ŵ˹ۿϾɨäҲǹĿˡ
ƽ۾һɨäǹĿء
Ҫܵõ⼸֧֣ǿɾͲƬӲŲˣˡ
ĹŴգǵ̨ڣ˲ŴֻҪͷЩҲ˵ˡ
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ĽرóԡȽˣ廪ֽĸս˴׺ͣĴʦرڣ㳢
սæһڣݶڶģر㣬մŴʦƵͣһӲ
ó԰ɡ
廪Ե㣬ֻ÷·ԼƵģһЦ
սе㲻˼Ҳԡ
á
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ȳˣżسô廪ȥֺ˿ڽſʵ
զ绹бİţ
廪ҡͷûУɶŰţҪʱ䣬ȥõǿլأ
ս̲סһ
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ΧΧһһ˵⻰廪º͵Ľţʱ򣬶ƶûΧЩƷլԺɶһأ˵ǰԺѧǶסһ״Ԫء
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ᵽǸ¥廪뵽ǵطʱĻ档
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ս֣̲סţǰ廪ǳƵģ˼Ҳ˵ҼûʲôˣҰĸʲôƵģ⺢廪ͣ˵
ɲǣ⺢ӵ죬͸ĨƵģİůǺǵģ廪ҲãǼϺ޲ðǻеȥҹĲ˯ӵѧʡǮҲЦеĸҵ䡣
ˣһһģֱӰѶԷеޡ
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սɬĵͷ廪Ҳһнģɬꡣ
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ԪǰʮŰɣϸϱؼҺùꡣ
Ǯҡҡͷ˽öڴҲҹһꡣ
һãҿӵģʮſǸ޽ɵĺӣȢҿ˽͵͵ӵģҲϣһĺӡ
Ǯҡˣģ
ѵƭ㣿
ǮҧҧУǾͶʮš
¶ʤЦݡ
ۿǵĻת˻ս̲ס͵͵һ廪ȴ廪ҲԼ˶˶ԷһۣȻֳĬĵͷ
һֱǮȥ˰ٻ̵꣬µ˲Ŷһۣ˿
Լͬĸ̾
ɬ/Ů̫ˡ
󷽵ĺܣ

30 ƭ

ڶˡ
廪һ¥ķ䡣
Ϊʹ, ټʱ̫ͷѾ϶¥ˣ¥С, оͰõǼ鷿
˼ǳû鷿, һС, ϱӵĹԺӴ˿϶, Ӵˡ
ҡǸ鷿һ˵, ʵǸĵء
˵Ȳͬˡ
鷿ͦõ, 廪Ƕ, Ժһ¡
Ŀ㲻ǲԸ⿴鷿ô
, Ȧ΢΢졣
ȷʵԸ⿴Ǽ鷿Ǽ鷿ȴǶ뿪ʱĵطż鷿ſվվ, ͷ·ӻ濴һ, ǱСԺ廳ӵĵطûˡ
İ, ܵ󿴡
̾˿˵廪ǽ˻, ˵׼ʲôʱ˺ӡ
ഹͷ˵ﻹ˽սţһ뵽ʱѪӣһ뵽һɰСޣС޳úһģһ
ͷ, ۾컨, ˵
֪ͷ, ̾˿ȥ鷿, ·ͣʮ, ֱжʮ죬ԴӹٸԭְµĶǰߣ·Ǹ
һεı꣬Ϊָˮӣһǧ֡
Σʵûôʱȥǰ
һ磬ٴӷʱ򣬾ȻЩήңȴѾɿЩҲû˵鷿ҪҪģȥ˳
廪˰ؼҵʱѾ
ɴӳŲ廪æкϽϴ׼ˣ˳ȥ鷿һү
֪廪һһӦ
ϴ֣ȥ鷿ţүүˡ
洫Ӧ廪Ż˿ڸҨࣺȥô
ûУƬеæ廪ӹĻǰЩʱƬЩǱ߲һ֣Ķ׼ǰӰ
ҲǸĺӣǵҲǸ׵Ĵѧ˵ϵĸСᵽս壬̲סۡ
ǰ׼Ҽ棬û뵽Ĳ׸ĸǸɰ衣
ȴûźʣһֱȥٻ̳ʱ򣬲һ䣬Ȼʹռҹµ档
ڴĳĸ׵Ϊѧҵƴѧϰ磬ٻֱơ
Ӵӳ𣬷·ڿˮﳤƵġ
ɾ⺢ӻôãԸƢôϲۡ
ȷʵͦθƬҲܺãƽеҪƬϰˡᵽս壬廪̲סЦ
ЦˣԭЩƵҲЩ
֯Ǳ߲˵İɡ
϶ŵģţǸܸɵģôǸڣԸ˲ŹأҹţҪְˡû㹻ĻǾְֻܿн˲ˡ
ǵͦãúøɣ˵Ժء
֯룬ҪΣǿ߳ȥ顣
ˣүү˵ǰķһ£鷿ɻٰѴһ£㿴ô
廪˿࣬⻰ɵһ£鷿Ҫĳɻ
ţүү˼Ժ϶˶࣬øһ̸ĵط
ˣ鷿ͦõģҲ˽ܣԺˣҲȥ¥
ĵװ˿
ǲĵһ䣺ҪҪ
ϴͦϲ鷿ҪټһŴӣҪĵط廪һô˵֪˽Ҳ鷿ĳɻ
УҾȥҿûдӵġ
ȥƷչվҲУֵģµ̫ۡ
ȵ̷·ˮ
̾˿ǳ⵽ʲôʱǸͷǮȴ
˵һָܿģϱĻ
Ƴһۣƶ졣
ϻǹЦݡ
һߵսȷʵְ׵ĵڶ죬յ칫Ҿͱׯϯ˹ȥһ𱻺ȥģίԱӶԷ￴±ơ
Ƚȥˣׯϯ֪ͨݸǣ˲žϲĶһۡ
ԺСվίԱˣίԱȻСս깤ȥţѾ˵ˡ
ǣϯģҵ˸һŬǹᶪ
ȻְίԱԸ˷ܵĺ޲¾״սȻҲһıʾԼһ
˴Ӱ칫ҳԸζսͷίԱҺ㽻һ¹
սҲࣺõģһذ칫һ±ʼǱ
ԸѾȲҪȥˡ
ս屻ߵС
һűʼǱΪȥΣԸξͽʣûɵĹӸս壬ּ򵥵˵һԼճݣͬʱĵĽԼĹ鶼ڸս塣
սԴ˵ģԸΣԼγίԱ
һΪսȷʵɫЩµûʲôе㲻İˣϾûн꣬Ǵ
˰°࣬ս嵱ίԱ¾ʹȥˡ
ܿ촫˳棬˶ϲǮϾ˭óսŮͦТ˳裬˵Ͷ棬һҲǳġ
ǮȻⲻѡ
˵ŮûˣϵŮТ˳ܸɣǳίԱ߳ȥ˭ӶҪֱ
ΪǮ˵ģȻＵʵġ
Ǻܿ죬˵ǰ˵ȥˣһ̳ȥŮȻίԱһ˶󣬸ڶˣЩ´ͷβﾹȻ֪
һ룬ͷʱˡ
һζشָĳ̶ܸ֮ǰȣڴϣûȵԼ߲ˣֻú֯һˡ
սһĿѾȥˣ󷽷İսķǣսķǹ곽ʰһ¸䡣
ӵӦˣȥͷ˸ۡ
˵ɶȥˣСӵίԱˣְͰ͵ȥҲӵݡ

ûǺбҪһ˵ģϾСûǰദĻԣսҲϧģСǱԺ϶ӹòҲû׾졣
룬˾ͲһˣˣöܿţǻǮ׼ٸ̴ȥ
˭룬ճžͿĿ޿ĸս档
սһǣ֣ҲһֱۣռŲ˶٣ҲľͰǮڴݡ
裬ŹӴϱˣɫڳģ¶
һͼˡ
ȻƫϴһңǶԶҲ۰ġ
զ¶
֪ҾͿ񲻶ԡ˵ţ˷ţ˸˷ܵĹ⡣
սܿš
ģ˿ĨӣˣЦŴкզпģ
Դսް˼ң⻹ͷһػء
ɩսӲĳ˳е¶
˵ţ͵һֱ˷䡣
ûȥҲȥ
裬ζû취ˣԲæġսһĨڴߣȻ
﷢ţʶĿһȴĨᣬԼ˲õԤУ⣬⵽ǳɶ¶ˣ
Լ˵
սһ˵ȥģƲͷȥ
۾Ŀһսʱ޵ĸˣ°Ͷţֻܷпʵ˵˻
𻨼Ĵȣǵ˵׳ɶ¶ˣ
ű˵ƭǮȥӣǷǸίսɵʱҵľⷿ㵽ҲֻоסȨԺҪб䣬˼ŷȥҪӣһ㷨ӶûС
Ͼ˶֪ӡһֽļ˼ҵľⷿ˹ⷿ˼ȥ죬ͨһԽɶ౶ʮľסȨ
˶п־ġ
ұ仯̫ˣ˭Ҳ֪δߣһַӵĶ꽻һأֵܷӣֹܴⷿȥ
˶٣ֻԼ˵ˡ
˰١սͣ˵ֵʱ˭ҧгݡ
٣𻨼г
ֻ޲ûȥˣ˰ٿǮϷô꣬ҲŴǧѿǮܼҵľȻһܵ˰˰١
Ҳ̲סĵһ
û뵽϶һҵͦǮ
˰ٿ˼乫ⷿ𻨵Ķ
ĶȥˣֻжʮľסȨսĨ˰Ҳ̲סĺȪ̲סĳ𣺡ɵôڲ㲻֪ô㻹ȥ˼֣ѵ±ץȥͷô
ʱ޵ĸˡ
Ķ֪ǰҶڷˣʵֹɣֻ֪Ժ󾩳ǵķۻֻۣųŻûĸ￪֮ǰһ©˭뵽滹ôŵ£ֻҪ˸ޣȥլˡ
ôţ뵽սߵǿլأҪǷָǶð
ⲻǣֺܵҵôǼֲֵܣ˵磬һլأȫҼãһɶûССӾһͨޡ
սԶʱɫѿûã
æҡҡͷ
ȥˣſһվֱӰĨǰһӣ˭ҵլϴģзҵģլģҪɶñƱģ
˫ֻأ˵ǽһƼģҿӴʹȢ㣬ҪԼһ˻ҸеĹţһڻеаֺɰְæ϶ֵܷӣʱλסŶ
ԭΪĻееԲСӣһͨ˵ʱı뷨
ɥǡ
죬̲סᡣ
뾩Ϊɶôѣ
սȥҲңֻܳƿˣţȻ˾סȥȥҵлȺţԺҪʱ취ŪȥǵǮζûˣȽǮȥ
˵ȴҲΪ϶һҵġ
Ψ²ҵԱѵӼǵдǷˣҿǷ˼ҵģʮǮܲ˾Ͳ˰ɡ
ɩҲˡսҲˣû񳳣ֻܱ˵
ǿ˵Ż˵úãȺ֣ͷֵܷĿɳĻô˭֪˭
͵̧ͷ˫ĿĿ
ȴ£ɶܼ㻹ˣҪˣļҵİܼϱһܵ˰ٿǮģҲ͹ĺãȻͻˡ
˵ˣд
սָ߬߬дǷݸ𻨣ȴ뱻һˡ
裬ǷȰţʱǮһǷ
ҪȴѾһת˷ţֱܽԼ䣬ǷȥලۿսֻʮǮĳȥٸȥˡ
ս˰ֻ࣬Ľ¶Ц˵սȴû뵽սѵһͨ
ŤƤզѵ˵ˣ첻µزµǻڻǮѵʡԺռҿӳҡ
ı˵ֻǸίһΣѧУﵽ׻Ǻˣ˵ͬıҲıȻѧУȴѧʦɨصģŻأͱǰϵĺָЦ
ı棬ۿ˺ܶࡣ
뵱Ȼı˵ûս飬սҲù
սᵽңʱҲ˵ˣȷʵõ̫ˣԵҲǺõġ
ôţʶĳϵٸ֡
û뵽쵽·ͱˣٸȥģԡ
ս񣺡
쿴
԰ְίԱˣȥȥ˵ţ´սһۣأûСá
սоԼ޹
ڶ죬ٸ̣һ°ȥ˷֯
սͷ˺ʱЩţڰ칫⿴ʱ̲סЦˣæӭȥɩ

Χ·˶ԼЩš
סսĸ첲¥˵ίԱˣ˵㡣˵ŰٸսʳƷϵģǱ˹ģر𡣡
սӹٸ̣ЦЦ̬ȻԣϾҲûռҵ˶ַǺҪһϷӵġ
ͨĵְսνЦЦɩȵһ£ҽȥһ³ͳ
˵꣬ٸ̽˰칫ңݸǣȻϳ룬ְȥе۸ոո˵ٸ̣ǿЩٸ̺ս幧̬ȣͷЩۡ
ԼȨķҷɡ
ɩ
սţ
ǻһܣ澮ģŽȥ⻹ͦġ
аɣǰЩЩеҡ
ɲңɱǫ顣
սЦЦû˵ֻ˱衣
Ⱥ˿ڲ裬ͿʼȲ͹ϸսˣģ˵пջȥһˣǲ֪ʵˣû뵽ŵʱ򿴼ӷˡ
˵üë̲סǿ˴ˡ
ô˵սʱȤ
ƭˣƭ˰˰ٿǮءС˵
ôࣿ
սüëһЩ졣
öɩпģ˵¸Ҳ˺ôһǲɢѣСԵ꣬˲ٷӣ󿿲ǨΪСŵġ
ǿɲƵ˹ⷿʮľסȨҪˡ
ⷿ
սԼǵãⷿסʱ䳤ˣͰѷӵԼķӣǨʱΪûз˲³˺üӻء
ǵãĸ￪ź󣬻ȹֻҪģҶӹ黹ˡ
Ҳ֪öɩôҪǲСǻȵķӣǿɾĲˡ
ڲǲôɩôң
һ˸ۣӴĺأּˣҪûּңǶҪˡ
ֻּûðɣǻһأ˼ֲ˽·ּңֻڵġ
һݡ
սЦЦ˶ʮĹⷿǰѻڹҹⷿȥ£ֲǲԡ
Զʱæվҵûȥ˵˵¶ȥɲȫҡ˵ţľߣǰʲôƵĶסţˣɶʱȥһ˰
ȥɶæأȥô߶ˡ
Ӷסˡ
Ŀս壬û취۾￴˿ռҵеֻ롣
ȻռҵĸѾһδεʧˣͻȻеĻţ̲סҪȷϣ˵ˣǴɩɩ
ǿ϶ģɩԶҴɩ
սһ仰֪Ϊ˿Ȼּææĸˡ
ĳ˿ڴϡ
ڶս̲סĺ廪
廪һ߶ţ̣һЦеĿɷģ˵ԣֽǰƣ԰ɣһǱ߻굸⣬ʵϵģر𡣡
굸⣿
սһ㶣ͷУû뵽ʱʮ꣬ܿ켫һʱ굸⡣
æÿһζ˲䱬
㣬Ŵ
ó԰
óԡȺŶ굸óԣر㡣
ϲ컹㻻廪Ե⣬ʱЦĿرʳҪϲԺҾȥԡ
İǸãǱʳرࡣ
սŶÿˮӣϱӱΪʳġ
սԵĻ廪æţ̸
֪ôһ棬ر֣Ϊ֣Ǳ߻׸裬Ǽ䡣
սһ߳һߵͷ
˵֣廪˫ۣ̲סЦЦ
ȻˣһǴ˵Ҳ֪ġ
սһ
θ£֪ǻжʳô
廪ͷ룺Լ֣ǵĹңԱƲһҲһԲ˺ܶ಻ͬĻʳôԣ
һġսһĵͷҾãҪǽЩʳȻȫ磬ΪǹҵƬ
սЦЦ֪Ϊɶܾȫ綼ǻ˴Ҳǻ˻ԡ
ҧſӣֹסĳ룬˫ĿĵĿգ켫ˣǹңһһǿһ״̬ǿǻͣ̿࣬Žᣬһ߳һԼĵ·
廪ü⸱ӣ̲סĶȻǿ
㣬ǿֻһʱģǻǿǧˣһ겻Ǿ˸ʱˣȻѹ
˵ţս̲ס廪ļ򣺡Сͬ־ŬΪѧû˾ͿԲѧϰˡ
廪̲סЦСίԱֱ̫ɰˡ
ǣСίԱ˵Ķԣһúѧϰϡ
սЦе񣬺޺޵ĳ굸⣬廪һ죬ϴȥ
廪ȥϴ롣
սһеȥˣվСŴյ廪߶ȥȥϴӣȴ廪סˣˮˣ
ս֣̲סЦ
˭Ҳû֣ո˵ĵطԵĹսǴһͷ׵˾վţŵǷ֯ţţͷЩðû뵽һȻһλ
һֱû˵ţҲԿڡ
Сȵˣţ̲סĲ˲
λǻո£
ԡ
ţͷ
˵ĻܶԣǻǾ˸Ŭһѹû뵽СѶô㰡߰ɣɢˣ칫˵˵
úá
ţæ˽˰칫ҡ
һžţѳó
ţð칫һףæʱŬѾıǳ£Ǻ£õǲȺһһߺ;һס
ţûתҵǰ׳
֮ǰҲܹԼĪΪԸԭػصģһΣһֱѹ˵ˣȴûɶҲˣҹ
˷ţΣ·ֻص˲ӣԼ׳ʱ顣
˴ϻٶȺżطҳ
ºܺð
˿һϷƤ̾ɨäֲôأǰСҲһҹĲ˯򿴣ѱӵˡ
ţ
׳СӵӰ찡
˵鱻Ƭ˿ˣ
ǣίԱɨäȽӣɨäþںУҲЩ˸ѧϰ˵ʵҲڹǿ
˵ţţ̲סЦЦȻᣬȴ뷨
ûпƼȥϹũѧ
⡭
ţסˣûпǹ
ȷʵйũѧЩĬϸǸɵģЩǸɹְ飬ȱҵˣҪسġ
˲Ųñû
ָĵ㲦һ䡣
ǡţֿʼʺˡ
ˣţȥս壬սûȥϹũѧ
սҲľܾˡ
ףٹҪָ߿ˣȥϹũѧ絽ʱƴһѣμʽ߿Ϊ֪ʶǿԵģʱ˵ȥôѧ
Ȼţʮִ˽ıʾЩӦԱǲǳӵļֻǸԱֻгӺˣҵмֵġ
ţ֪󣬸жѡ
ȵףũѧˣţһεѯһս壬һαܾţѡǸƼȥˡ
Ҳ֪Ϣôȥģû죬˶֪սܾ˹ũѧƼø˳ļԱʱ˿սĽĽ֮Ŀϧ
ȻҲֻġ
սǸɵϣȻũѧĻᡣ
սûκηӦһϰ°࣬ڼ仹˸ȥһռңһٸ̣Ǯһ̬ͨ̽ûԣֻһ¾ͻ˳
ˣʱҲʧ
սֳᣬǱȷ֯ģдúǸˣڿģ·޲ϡ˹
ƬĵӰӳҲܳɹ
˲ŵ˶ɨäģʽӡ
ͷô磬ɨäȴĬϵҪӵĿԵӰܿ͹ˡ
ΪӢ۴ǣԽԽã³ŵʱھǵӰԺˣͨڷ׷ƱǰȥӰĹɵӰԺĹԱĻͻڳ㳡Ļҹ¶Ӱ
Ǯźްսߣ֡
Ļ棬ս廭ĺҸС˱ʻΧƵĳ˯ŮҲ̲סˣ޳ˣսĻ
սҲ᣺裬Сᱻĵ׵ġ
ţԶ
лл㣬㣬ͱˡ
Ǯս壬һĸл
սرȥ
ҹôĺ䣬˿ǵǻȵġ
󣬼й˶̲סƣǼֽĺʧȥĵӰȻԼίԱġ
һʱ䣬һε˺ȡ
ӰԺĹԱæµˣָˡ
ֻЩԱ֪ѾûйӰˣһⲿӰԺӰҪˡ
ʱƣⲿɨäӰ䵽ȫȥ
ɴ˿սȴܲôˡ
ΪҪˣ
¶ʮ
Сͬ־ĻҪˡ

31 

ھлǰ, սһռҵţ֪һԼҪϢ
ռҳ֪սޣմ󺣺𻨶ֵĺ𾪡
, ǲ, Ѿͷôô󣬾Ȼͼ˵һ, ԰Լ޳ȥ, մҲ𾪣𾪹ָеޱȵȻ
֪СŮǳ׺ˡ
㵱ΪǼҶж, Ҫ֪û, Ժ۸˶û˳
𻨷ŭĴ
սɴ, Ÿš
ҵ飬ѡ·, ¹ţҶ, Ͳˡ
𻨣
˼ĿǰСŮ, ͻȻúûʶ⺢ӡ
Դ, ͱ̫̫ࡣ
ǰɶģŬĻ룬ô, Ժܻ䵽Ļ, һĺӷ·һӰһվȺ֮⣬
ʱܾ⺢Ƶ, ʵ̫ûƢ, ڿ, ûƢֱ
ҽʣҽǴĶӣ
ս彫ƤкӵԱߵȥˮϴ֡
ûĺߣôб£ֹ̳ȥˣĶӡ
裬զУ
սһͬˣ̳ȥˣҲӣ˵ɶҲôӼӰ
մҲüͷֶŮûˣҳҲӦõģ𻨣˵͸ұ죬㡣
Դմ󺣵ĸûˣ˵ûǰôˡ
𻨱Ҳ˵һ𣬵ǲֻɫƲͷȥ
սȴʵڲԸĻҲǿ󣬱ϾҺúý飬ɲ뿴ɫ
ûе£ǰʮǰɣ֪ˣʱ׼õġ
Ҳڣ֮ǰҲʰʱ̸һ̾˯ǰһϻϻܶ˯
ллɩս¶Цݡ
Цŵͷ
սֹսĲ񣺡˵󲮴ûˣΪռҵĹеĹػҪеģμǱ߲զ˵ģ
廪˵һǧǮѹ˽ǮתһķһҲþͲˣ۳Ǯҵ㻨
ôࣿ
ӱ˵ˣˡ
˵ģһǧǮ㹻Ů˶ˡ
ǿɲǼ廪Һأ˵˻͵ױȥˣٶҲðսЦЦȻվˣҵûسȥˣһȥ쵼ء
˵ֻ꣬ս˵ͷ뿪ռҡ
һöըը𻨺üҹû˯á
ڡ
֮ʮֵĺڡ
Ҫ֪սҵżҼҵô˵ɶҲ̳ȥˣںˣĿĲҲˣȻóһǧļͥɶͥҡ
Ӷǰʮţ˶ʮĺ죬ʹ廪ս壬˵ǰ֤
廪һŲæģ༱̲סš
廪ļ򣺡ţƳڣһ㶼ż
պϴһͷͿΧ廪ת˵࣬ƽʱ緹ҲٹһأȥСǶŻûء
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һ壬ϺƵĹʮǮۻԱһսȥ廪·ҪɶӦΪתһ죬ֱеһ̫»Ϊֱļ۸񳳼ܵġ
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ô
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ĽԽԽ𣬵Ȼعʱ򣬲ȻԼһӵĻɫϣ·һŮ
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ڵϹģս忴廪ֻڷ̡

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廪ЦһͷյսĶߣС˵ҵ˶ģʱȻ彡ĺܡ
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ŮоָܾǰԼСƭˡ

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սſͷϲ붯廪أȴս߬Ÿ첲ö
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廪εĿһۣⱯʹϢ
ս㲻˭廪ͺȻλΰˣֱվڴߣ˶·𱻴һȭƵġ
ԴȻķģȴûʵУ½Ҳһ

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ӰɶÿģǳԼĵӰˣĸɶ
սЦЦִӿڴץһǣϲǣ졣˵ţץһԱзݰɲƴǡ
ԱǸŮˣһǣʱЦĿޱȣϲϲίԱǣףίԱúϣӰ
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ս˷֯ţʹ￴廪г
һʣµСίԱ㵽ȥĶ˰˶켱ˡ˵ţæսȥţģզ°
ˤˡ
սװģԼϥǣһԴĻȥˣˤˣðβŻع
ˤĿɹصģԼˣҪһҹûҵĻóҹ䰡æԱ߿¯սࣺ쿾ػůˡ
սŴյ¯Աߣл
ˣҿŻɣҵͷŵˡ
˵ţͷƤӣñӾ˳ȥս¯ӱ߿Żһֱȴš
Լһң廪ǻˡ
սһɲǣ廪Ҳ̲סĳһס֣üͷĶȥˣ֪֪
ˤˣСʱѹսһƲίˡ
ˣ˵СίԱˣҿۿСίԱſֻȥȥģҪΪ˴ˣҲˤͷԼҵСίԱԼһš
廪ͣĸս֣ⲻż춼˶û
´СίԱҪǲ͸Ͻ˷ŵ㣬ǧٳ¶ˡ
ս̵ͷϴҵĴ
ˣϽؼҰɡ
ϷȫףսʱһȳһյģԱʾԼˤȷʵᣬ廪гߣԶԶĶսϥǿ϶ˣҾͷͻȻһ£˭֪զء
ӹҵţҲȡ
гʻԽԽԶ
ϵҡҡͷСίԱ˵ǹ˵ġ
ɲôǰǴ㲻Ҳˣ
⵹ǡ
ϵֺˣ˵СίԱ޵ǻ˼ҵүӿλڵ׶Ѿ˲ʮ汾ˣĸĸǼǲ֪
ǿۿСίԱϾģͨ˼ҾͶˡ
Զ˵սһס廪·ǵøϽȥһţңҪ
廪̲סһüզ£
Ҹոոˤˣĸ︱ı˵Ҫٱţ˽ʲôΥƷʲôϷͷɶģҿ︱ưոݵģǵøϽȥţС
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廪һɲɫĿս塣
ս彫ղĶԻϸ˵һ顣
ȥȻȥţ
УҺһȥһЩҪͳ˵
廪Ŀһս壬ԭǲսóȻӴЩڰϾֻ˵ĿֲͬĸϴκСȥץı£ҲССֶѡ
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룬ٴεгְ֯Ժķȥˡ
ﲻͬս֮ǰסְᣬںҵְԺһСԺӣǷְ֯סȻûлеְԺôɣеĻǻС
Ҳְ֯Ժ廪һ
û뵽ǣְԺ֪ţûסְԺסͷԼļ
ս廪ʱһۡ
ӶԷ￴ء
һӾͶһΣգ˭Ҳ֪ɽĵ᲻У˵ǰŲź︱ֵ𣬺Ϊͳˡ
ȥׯϯ
սɫ˵
ô廪ЩüҪׯϯ⣬ùĲţߡ
˵ȥţҪһԱ༭ϵʽ飬һЩҪԱ༭˵սܿһڡ
廪û嶯ϸĽսĻ룬ûʲô߼©ŵͷ
ֱȥׯϯҡ
ׯϯճ˵СίԱɷˣׯϯæӭǡ
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սĻׯϯһ£⡭ɶû̸ģ
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սץץԴһεģ˿̵ΣʵͷԷ籩
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š
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ׯϯʹˣսͱСŮСأĺӾ;úЦ
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ҽھȻҳ⣬Լûбҵˡ
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廪辶ĽǶȶʱսԲסü
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ţ
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ոʱҲŵûǰǳϷģСǸǶȷʵмͷһǰǶү͵ģϷıˣͷˣΨ⼸һﱻ͵͵صʱڲӵţ˵
ʱ򳭼ҳţһֱصĺúõģһֱţתҵһֱš
˭뵽ȥˣȻЩͷء
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ţøɫѿ
廪һƵġ
ǰ֪£ΥƷ͵͵˼սôɥĲķɶײѲЩѶѹϸˣ
ȻԶǺõģٸ廪ṩ˲˼·
ţҲ侲ˣǺսлȻֽԱ༭ϵʽս壬뿪󣬷żææڼ﷭䵹깶ûŹ
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˵ţսһЦһүүллүү
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ս̱סĸ첲ԺҸ̻ϲĹ£ֻһ˿
ϱô˵ֻԼ·ۡ
СƭģҲˡ

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սҵĳɹҲʮָˣֻ, ֻοĵͷתͷѵˡ
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G, ˯, 㵣ˣǶԲ𡣡սҪְˮƿ
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û¶ȴɣɱСίԱ¶ǰͷŶӵĴͻȻͷˬʵЦ˵һ˵ţһ߻кǰͷˣҵķкƱݹȥһ͵ݻһӲˡ
Ȳ˵ĿյǰͷŶӵĴս岻ͣ˵Ż˵ĻԼ¶Ǽưս嵱֪ĴƵġ
ʳá
Ҳ̫̾ˣȸĸǻ㸾ġ
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ʵڳȵĺܣȥ·С˵
սҪȥ䣿
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ĵͷϯͬ־˵ģΪŬ쵼ŻŬĹˡ
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սҲһĵͷ
˵ֹްĻ˰칫ҡ
ίİ칫ǰһС䣬ͷط󣬵Ű칫ҲԵӵСܰĸоҽӾ˿
мӱ߳Է
սң﹤ô
ǣȥˡ
ӣΥĺԺȻежŸ¹ʱݣˣһֱŲɫͽĹ
Ը˸ⲻͦõôսοĵͷ
ɶѽ˾۸ˣҶüˣҳŸѧ⣬ֻ칫ҡ˵˵ţȦͺˣίͰ͵Ŀս塣

37 

ɲа, Ҫʵѧϰģ칫զа
ս̲סҡҡͷ
ǰ˵, ģҲҪ»ɷȻĻƾԼ, ǲɼٴҧһڶ, Ҳ˵
һʱίˣҲû, ܳЦ, Ҳ, ɡ
Ʋ죬ίĶԲ·, ֻİײ˶ûûζġ
սΪһ׵, ȻҪڰοġ
¿, סҵ֣, տʼμӹģã, ãʲô, ãԼôҲãʵ֤, , ûһ˫ڷֵ۾, ҵԼó, һоͶġ
ԽԽɢ
ʼ˼Լóʲô
ȥ, һӵľɥûɶóĶ
ѽɶѽ£Ҫ˵ȺǾͰǳŵʱ˵ֱӸźߣҾͲˣǸҿڰ칫ұšԸЩټϳ౾ƫ㣬˵⻰͸һֺŷĸо
ҲȽϺáһֱûİͻȻŤͷ˵ʵʱҲԼˣҵίԱʱΪǸˣϤ˲֪ôá
ԭһʼȻҵģսüͷһ˵
Եʱ̫ˣе¡˵æͷ˿ˮرܿսĿ⡣
սʶͷȴһͬĵͷ

˵ȥǼ£ûء
˺·õ˰οôˣ
ǵİ취ɣҪû˵Ҫ»㣬Ժ˼Ҷ࣬ҲҪռ£ɶ¶Ըǡս岻ҺۼĿʼϵ
æͷGȥȥ
˵ţ̲סıԹһ䣺ҡΣҸ˵ֻңһ鶼ûС
սЦЦһҵӡ
쵼һҲҲ̫æˡ
æɶѽ
ʶҪ仰
һǰļ˶֪Լ͸εĹϵɲ˵ҪǱΪ쵼ˡ
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Ҳ˵ֻԼĶʰˣԿ׹ڿϣʱ׼ˡ
Ȼ˴ԼСʱ꼶Щĸվһһ£Ǹˡ
Աߵվȥ
Ҳġ䡯վŰ͸˹ȥ
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ֻҪ˵һ䣬ҿ϶ߡֱͦӣǽһֱ׳
ǵǲᣬɡ
һȴֲĿҴڰ칫ңֻ˵
Ͼһ£˵һˡ
ҪǴɽ֪Ҫǳ¶أΪ֪θ¶ŵĹżֲûŮ˵ûҵ꾰ǰҵֲʲôϡ£ֵõѹİ˽ģȻҲǸ򵥵ġ
ҼˣŵĹЦЦȥ
ڶ磬ȥʳô򷹡
˺ܶ࣬սŶӴ򷹣ȴʳͿŷվſڵǵҡ
ίԱСܹվսǰ
θ°ûԷأսŷУǷԳġ
ûأίԱһءɬЦЦ
ң
սһ£漴ЦĸˣǾȥǰ칫ҰɣɵվˣȻ˶ˡ
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˰칫ңһİ칫ԡ
һ˷ܵ˵ȥҾͰ˵ģ˵ʲôֱӸºȥˣˣȴҿڰ칫ңڳһˡ
ĸоզսû뵽ҵִȻôǿЩ⡣
Ϊһμٵء
رá
۾ģϲãȰ˺ü춼û¶ܹȥһͨ˵һӾͽˣûɫ
˵̲סҡͷ
ɶ¶Ǽ춼ûҧ˿ͷ̲סʵᶼŷлعͷ۵֪
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ܹȥ͸̫ŽʲôŮܶ죬᲻ѹϱЩƨ̫żȻĳЩ£ͲǸȰģ˵ٶ඼ûá
ǰ˴գôģ
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ȻȻأ
Ȼ̫žͲʹȥˣһ޿ӡ̲סĹЦһҸ˵ҲûãŰϱ͵˱Ű׼ϱί˻ҸأԺûˣ˵˵զ죬ĻģãܶãȻ˼ûԹһ̣þ㣬ƾɶ
̫źˣ
ǵȻ
һҧһͷ˵˱ϱŰأϱĲԸˣϱ˵Ŀˣֻ˵ֻҪ֣Ժ϶Т˳븾˼ලء
žžžž
սͷƣҿʱĴָ
ǰԸˣ͵ַУЩ˶ûɶĻûõġҲŹơ
ǶˣȻ
һʱ䣬ҾССİ칫õǰδеء
صͱɽȥ˵һ٣˵Ĵ̬ȲпȺڵɣԼĹʽܸ֯鷳ҲΪ˶ˬӡ
ֻеŸоԼ˽֮ĳɾ͸С
ίԱҪǸίԱͺˡ
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ҲǸģǲôԺɶ¾˵˵ܱȱǿ
ѡҾ
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ȻѿæԴǵıʾ
Լѵ֣ҸŵĿˣ˵˸ĺüʵڽԣͰ۾ð⣬ϰʱ䣬еᣬ͵ſڻ컹ǰ칫ҳԷ
ҺС˸
˸칫ңѹֵķΧ˶ŲӲ֨ɽİ칫Ǵ
ƲƲ죬˵һĽʲô˼ίԱίԱأҲЦе
˸ۣԼİ칫˱迪ʼֻʼģд档
˰࣬ս˼ҡ
廪ѵڼҰ
զôأսΧףɳϣЦеʵ
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ѵ˵ǱϱˣԲ˸ɵ϶ϱ
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廪λֵ۵͵˷ָ
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廪˫ֻأŶȣüͷд̨ǰĪࡣ
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廪ĵ̾˿˳ϱզǳеƵġ
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ļ죬Һսǰ칫ദԽԽã緹ԣЩɶóԵĶҲǴһݣȻõദʽʵһʲôõ顣
ĵ磬ֵ˹㲥ʱսǰʮȥʳóԷ
ʳ׵ĴʦˣŸǰţίԱҪȥ㲥
սıǰⲻӦȺڵҪ󣬽㲥վһֱȥ˵ģίɱȥæˡ
ʦô˵Ÿ̾æ˲ææð
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극սæˣʳ･˶һĹŷأִӹ㲥
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Ļù㲥ίԱǹ۵ġίİ칫ң̲סĸ̾
ίԱܸȻöɵ㿩
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︱ŭĿӣϯ˵ûеûзȨôһתҵϱһΪĺøɲ
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︱̲סü·Ůͬ־ĵΪʲôô󣬾Ȼҽ¸Լɷ
ţ֧ս廭飬ĵӰָʲô㲥վһǺŮͬ־˽йϵΪϴθίûв鵽ţжͺܲģһֱٸһ顣
սĳ˸󵨵롣
ŻţһʲôջôоܾŵԼˣ
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ɽķ㲻ҪôŸɶϽ߰
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ˣ˹żҵķΧ̹˰ɡ
ܰҲ֪զ£Ƣһһ챩ˡ

38 

⻰˵, սȴ
°ؼң¸廪
廪죬û˵ֱ¥ȥ, ү鷿̸Щʲô, ս岻֪, ֻ֪廪¥ʱ, ɫѿ
զǣսһæסֱ֣ţүү̸죿
šйء
廪ƣһɣܿ˱µˮƿ
ҾҪ, Լο϶군
ս岻֪廪óĴ, Ȼô˵϶иݵ, ߣԴ
š
үүã
š廪üͷ, ŭ𣺡˵ѡ޸Ե², Լҵ, μûκιϵ
սһҲü֮Լ޸Ե², Ϊְְңүү֮ƽҲǳ˲ģô˵ʵ̫˺ˡ
廪첻, ֪Щʲô
ҡܾɥɥ, ҪԼҵ¶˽, һɵ¡սļ̾˿Ҳ
УԼûˣԵ²ŸǸլӣܱסôҪǱסĻסĶ㲻˵Ѿüûռôܻȥô
⣬иʵҪ
һʱ䣬ս˺ܶܶࡣ
ܸܵǺΣյģ⼸μֵжԼҺִִûˣĵ׵ǿҲɢˡ
ҪɵµĻ廪ܿסô
廪Ҳû˵ֻȥԡϴȥˣսͷţһͻȻͷ˿
լǱߣȲӣֻȽô
һֱϴ˴ϣ廪ͻȻ˵
սԭѾЩ˯ˣһ⻰ﻹ˯ţסǶȥ
ֻסȥһסȥ
ǡأս岻ԸߣôãڶһôˣͻȻڷֿҲ̫пᡣ
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СÿζֻһȫҾһеĳԡ
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ʱúܿ죬һգ۾Ϳ˴һӾů
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ΪԼἤģɵĸⱾʱȴ̲סӯ
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ս屧ţҲֱ˻ȥĿ⣬鿯ҳ档
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һֱΪǲҺӡȥģϾĳɷ֡
ޣȻӡȥˣ˵û⣬ԺǵֽɨäһҲˡս忴ϲģҲ̲סĺۡ
֪˵һ֣ŬţѾٱ˱ˡ
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νĻҾǸշ䣬漸ӼŵӣսóʼǱ
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ڶ죬Ϣ˵ΪԵ·յ֣ûü³ͱֱӴˣ漰˺ҪĻܡ
˵µĸίκܿҪˣȻԵ²ܻҲݵĸίˡ
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һüͷʲô˼廪ϱլϽˣ

೤̾˿˼ӻǲãʲôԼμ˵ģС˼أԼûˣҲɢˣҪţ֪Ҫʲôɵء
ѵҪĿ׵ҪĿô
죬һʱ˵
˱ۡ
õԶʹ
ĶӣǰԾ
ҪԸססɣֻǡڵλûΣգҵ˼ǣ廪һ·̾˿סԼԴ
಻˵ˡ
һҹϷҲû˯á
Ե²źΪ֤ռĺܿ˾ͱΪǲȺ޹ͥ¼лǣ˾Ե²ţȺԱõ֡
ûбͶʸ񣬶ֱӽ˼ûж̣Ҳû˵ܳ൱ͽˡ
ΪԵ·Ǳ䵽ũͶȥˡ
ȥǸũǺһũǱӣʳҲ棬Ǽ࣬۵ʱΪʱ̱ڵأԵ·侲ֻһҪҪһ档
ʵһʼûͬҪ
ֱǱҲҪԵ·һ󣬲ŰǼ档
Ե·գͻȻԼЩĺλá
ǰŮˣôϤôİ
˿̣˫ûʲô۾Ŀʮǰվʱģ
磬ݡ
Ե·۾ˣţҪ嵽ȥȴΪӵá
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δһԵ·סˣҷް꣬Ҿһ鶼ûô
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ɡ
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׼ģԵ·ͷͰˡ
ΪҷǸίε鱻صעһ꣬ҪܵӵܼԼбֻҴҵȥһ˷֯սһ棬˳˰
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ս۾Ŀ硣
ǻˣӺܽúһʱѾˡ
˵ţսĶӡ
Ҫ뿪һʱ䣬ϣһʱϵóҡ
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Ҳ˵ʱڣսĻץסѱԸɴսȻȥ
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֮ǰһεսĶӣˡ

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˷֯, ֱ˳˾
սĴţͿŮ˼ææĳҽ, ɻˣųҵǷˤһӣˮˡ
ôˤˣʱ, æкСȥҽҰҵҩ
һС̾ˡ
һŮߴߴ˵ľ, һ߿첽Ǳߡ
ȵųң, һɫڵ̫ţֵģĺ, ˮ˾£ɶúġ
ԱߵСʿĶˣ۵, ҽԺС
̫žǲԸ⡣
ҽˡ
泳µһɤ, ̰
ӣĶӣСҩ䵽ˣָ˸ָ죬ڣ־Ȼһָûٿˮĳˮʱɫһ̧ȥ, ʸ
, ʸ̫Żˣˤһ, ڰɡ
ͷ򲻵, Բʸġ
СʿҪҩԼ, Ȼȥ, ȻŻͷ̫ţ۵׷·ŵڸ⺢㣬Ӿûˡ
˵꣬кڳˣņ̃ҵķȥ
ҺܼªΪճֻһЩͨСͻȻҪһʸҽҵҽɨĴɨ
ҽɫأ׼֣Сʿֵ裬ֻȻЩ
ȲˣҽʵҽԺô
ˮûˣҪǲʱĻӿ»ˣڣҲΪȱúӳϢӶӰԲһ˵һ߻ºñӣʼϸµϴԼ֡
ܿ죬ҽҪϢѵǱߡ
ų˵ԼϱҺ󣬸ĺҲˣѵҲѵȥˣ˶˹
侲ĻĶƤ
ͷϰٸĵȴ໳еľɩҲɫɷ׵ڵŶӡ
עҩóһʮӡ
ӵͷ˴ǵĻ
侲ĸ϶Ƥ˫ϥһԱߵĵϯض
ֻۣеܡ
Ǻӱʱˣ˺ܶŽӾ˻Ҳ֪⺢Ƿ˵ӡ
ҽ֪ʲô߰ο
ÿ궼кΪҽʱزۡ
̧ͷ۾ǾһֱûǹƵҽӣ
ҽ̾˿ϾǾӣԾΪģҡĸҽͨҽԺﶼࡣ
ĸҽܷ䵽ҽأ

뵽ոջϺӵս塣
ҲøŬЩŬõЩ׳ǵΣԷʱܹõ׼š
˼һҹʱʼдƻ顣
ڶ죬ƻ齻ҽҽһĿ⸴ӵĿ磺ƻ齻ȥԺ벻ˡ
ȴ㣬Ŀǿ벻Ҳûϵ
ֻ̾˿罫ƻ齻ȥ
ܿ׼ݼƻ顣
磬Ĺ㲥֪ͨоɩÿᣬȿᣬеľɩŶӵĵҽв죬쵵ûлеľɩҲҪÿ굽ҽһθ졣
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һ׸岻Ǹ͹ȥôһҪôżɡ
廪ϥڴϣϥϷͷͷϷűʼǱץŸֱʣʼǱûдɶֻд˼֡ӵ񳣼֡
ڰս趨СӢ۵裬һͿסˡ
սϴͿӦ˵֡
廪һд֣ս岻뿴ģҲֱڡ͡ӵϸ
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սĬһͷԣֻ֮һ֣һ
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·ϵʱһľˣ̽׺׼һ̽սѵˣһ߻زȥںɣ󣬸жТģС
һ磬ģ·Ҫ꣬ҵһޣɸãǾͷ˴ͲֹèвͣȦײΧ쵽ܣѷ裬۵ķȺҲĵˣţˮûǣǲͣԾˮ档
ɻ󲻽⣬ɣͻȻſڵϣڵ棬ҲΪḻľüͷ
˽ԼóĽ۶˵˳

˷ɿӵá
ţ̫࣬еıԼҵʳͱ죬ȥ˴Ĵȳ
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廪ͷָеһ֣ҪĿʲô»ǡ˵Ŀգ
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ɻĿս壺զˣ
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಻ǽ°һȥƼȥ˳굸⡣
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ս̱ס
ųأ廪ŵû亹
սҲһؿڣһղŵĻⲻᡣ
˷֯սⲿ˸ͼսֿʼϸͼѾʼĲݸ年ˣһǶϱڲԫʬ£һǿ޺ɥػķأǰһſŷһſžġ
߹ɫףͷ·𿴼ǿֲĳһ
Ȼһźݸʱỹⱳ˺˼ӷ𡯣Ȼſʼɫ
һֱսҲŻϸͼһŻսûɶͰҲûôζʱеͷۡ
°ʱ䣬սɴཫֽһۣذ׼ؼ廪
ǰ廪·ŵʱסţţĲԶǴӵȦӦöȦͦϤİɡ
˼ңͻص¥ϣѾϵ˷ˡ
սĸ첲ֱ·
Ƽס֯ԶĵͬʹˣҲûЩƷչվֱڵͬľͷŪ˼СӸʱչվÿݴƷչվЩƷߡ
սһǶʧˡ
˵ʲôŶˣҪıֽûУһЩưʵģȱ첲ȶľͷȽ϶ࡣ
˹ҲˡȳСϺƼ˵
սתš
Ƽס֣ӣǶǿ˰˵ţȦͺˡ
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һ߲һ˵ҺãҶӻûûˣӻأţϱǻ˰ɡ
ţˣŸ£۾Ǽĺܡ
ǿɲҸɻ̫̫ӣ˺˽ţ˫۾ĺܣǴﻹСϱҿһ۾ͿˣҴ۾Ϳ֪ϱˡ
Ƽ߿С˵˻ٴƣǹŮСӣһ۾ͿС
ЦЦŮСӣҶϲ
ҲǣμҵĹŮҲءƼ̾˿ײ˿Ůˡ
զء
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̾˿ʲôȱأҪˣΪʿ
ƼҲŰ̾
սȥת˼ȦӱֽһëǮƼŸƼߡ
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˼ſڣƼһһЦЩӰѼһ޳ȥˡ
˵ţĴյ˸ǰ˵˵ǷޣŲǹ泤˸Ĺͷ
ս壺
ƼҪ˵ģɾ̫ˣ۾X
˵꣬Ƽָֻ˲ΡΡӣߡ
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ƼŮЦŴк
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˵ţƼ̸ָָӢսܵǰЩסһСޣ̸Ӣ˵̸ָ꣬ӢЦ˵ҵõľһ㣬Ҫû͸Ͻˡ
˴ҳԹˡ̸Ӣº͵ЦЦ
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׷һסһɶһ
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ʼ˵⣺ˣƬǱ׼ɨäӰĵڶˡ
ô죿
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һֱøӰһܷʱ䣬ҲܷϽǮ¶ûǰЩӰģӿʼѡǵʽӳһصģ֮ǰǲӰŹ˰겻أĵӰôģ
ɨä֮أ̲ݻ
廪ĵͷ֮ǰǲӰķܺã㿴ݱֽ
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˵ţַһűֽ㿴ƪһ֪дģ˵ǰɨäʱ򣬴ΥԸѧϰ˵ӰеȻдˣõӰɨäһܺõİ취
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ӣ˲æ±ֽԷ
Ƭкܶȫ֪ʶдţЩдƬģû취㿴
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á
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š
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廪һ£սˡ
㿴ˣ
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ȷʵ˽
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û룬ûһս͵˫ĿԲĺ֪ǸӰ˭ˣ
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սͷ˫Ŀ⣺︱
͵һ֣ץסİѱˡ

42 ˵

ѱʲôѱ廪е㲻״̬
ս׼, ;ֹ˵ȻԼ̧ͷڿ˵ˡ
ս壺
ͽҷֽƼԺǸˣǷ֯︱
ǻɡ
廪ü΢΢, е, ٿսǱŤ, ͷ, ú, ˿
ϥǣƼ޳ȥǼ︱ģ
սæͷ
ô, ǸŮǸô
սֱӱˡ
Ҳ֪
Ҫ︱鱻˸ţŶ֪иôһ, ˵עͥˡ
ֻץ︱İѱ
ѹû̸Ӣǲ︱, Ҫ̸Ӣ︱ӵĻѱ͵ץ˸į
׼ˣ
սϵ˷ۿɼʧˡ
廪
Լʲô, ɸѵľ͵Ѱ, 鲻͸׷ġ
, ùĻҪ
Ȼ, ĻҲûеģȫԵ, 㹻֤, ȥ顣
廪ô˵, ս̲סƳһۣҾһʱˡ
Ӳ廪ɾúЦ
˯˻ĥֱһʱˡ
а, ̫, ˯ɡ廪Ҳ÷, ֻóսĸ첲
սŤĳƿɣֻǶе󣬿廪һľսһֱս˯ˣ廪˿
ǰºӴʱ򣬿иͦŴϹҲûɶôڿս΢һ㶼һأ
ȻԼŲô
˯㱻ѵ廪˼˰ҹԺ˯˹ȥڵڶʱͷЩۣȴһҹߣȵ¥
°һȥƼǶ굸⡣ˮԺ¼ˮ
¼ҰãһƬƬ޵ĸÿ
սվԱ˻ô˵æͷ˰ྡ
ȥͬǱߵҲС
ͬڷ֯ȹȥĻȷʵԽʡʱ䡣
սһ£ͷҲãҪȥƼǶ˰ֱӹȥȥһ칫ҵİ׸Ҳסͬһġ
һţҲͷˡ
УֱȥǱߡ
廪Ǵ˸Ƿʮûθڵĺ˿ࣺϽԷȻȥ֯
Ŷˡ
ȳ緹廪ս֯ȥ
·廪̲סĴǷ
սɵü˯ͦôզô
ûʲô廪ҡҡͷ
û˵챻˾һֱû˯ţæתƻ⣺ˣ㲻˵ҪȥƬ̸̸ɨäӰôʲôʱȥ
һʮŵ׸ٹȥٵ̸̸˵ϵ飬սҲ̱
廪ĵŽŵӣǰٵ˵һи׼ʡĵʱţҲ
զˣҪ
սЩʵ
ǰ˸ʲôǰ׼ء
սԵеסˣˣƬרҵĵطҵĵӰأ񡭡ս岻ɵЩǡ
УҸϽæ֮ǰϽʵˡ
սʱоʱ
ҲҪ̫żĵӰô򵥵飬ǰ׼鷳ĿǰҪĿǵɨäӰ廪սˣæ
ȵ˷֯ս˴ţ廪˿
Դս廳кһֱš
۵鲻ãֻսÿ߸˵ģ˲ġ
˷֯ս忪ʼܶһŲݸȻϸϸĻɵͼٽΪ⼸ͼĶǱȽϾʵԤͼ濴ΪӴ
ۿׯͼսһһƳģ»Ϊĳôׯء
ڻײˣͿҪӵʱͻȻѿѷеʱ̲סĿϧ̾˿Ҫųöð
ǰų⡣սֽԴһ¡
ΪСĴǸеϧˣ˵һ˶ûԺôءҲۣ¸ոճɸĵ׸壬ĺӹڵϺޣǰ棬һ˵Ůˡ
ŮԴԱߵдţޣúûȥ
еܵĦһºӵͷҪǾͺˣֻǣ̫Сˡ
սԣͷʱһ
æ߻ߣóһµİֽʼ˼ͼ
ĽִӶ뿪ؾĳ˲ӹ֣ɣվСɽϣƽԭ棬С·棬ʿŰǵ͸ɵƤҲңɿʱȴϣĹâ
һ²ݸ廭һֲϣĸо
ǰѹֵһҳһֻȻʵͨ͸УǰĹ½ԸӵǿҲӵ
ȻҲ˳ľӵƨ
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ǱʷһתǰһŻ棬һ̨ʵũĳ˴ǣֽ̨ʸˣĵرΰҲرʱԡ
սر㣬һֱܿ쵽磬սֱӰѷеݸҴһ緹
㻹źأ̫ˡսæµģŵˣʮֲ̾˵
ֻǻѣŲأǰµʱЩԱ˻ֵأ˼ۣ
սô˵Ҳ֪ôȰˡ
ֻȥʳøս緹
浽˳緹ʱսҲͣ˱ʣҲˣɻǺǷģս忴еۣӻأ
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ΰҵĸǺܲģҵ˼Ҳģôΰһô춼żأ
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ץץԴ뵽ΰ֮ǰķԸһʱҲˡ
ˣȳԷ¶ȥٷ
緹ս岻ŻˣŷиǺһȥϴϴѷдذ칫ңԼֱȥ˶Ǯ
ԴӻкսֻȥһǮ
Ե˶䣬Ǯһ¾ΧһȦһȦ˺ðΣ̲סüզӻûأ
ǮҲŻ°󰡡Ա·һŮ̲סЦҿô꣬Ӷˡ
ҲǣզԻأҡǮһʱԼš
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ЩӳԺȷ滹ðɣû°
ûС
˯أ
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Ӧ⺢ӿТ˳һûڣһ㴺ʱµĲСڵǮʱѾѹˣдŵȻ
ս忴Ǯ̲סЦЦ
ˣﻹѣȥá˵ţǮҲս巴Ӧȥ÷Уһֻˣ˵ӳѣԺ۾ִֺÿϴˣ͹ȥģˣҲͲһˡ
˵ţд򿪣һս
ѿ𡣡
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ѽڶ߲˴ˣ
սæһѣɰĴﳤѣҿҪԼ
Ҳɰģϳȥ˸˵ҪǺϲˣǼȴô׷绯׶ϣԾ͵е˰æˣɰȥ겻ͽǮԺĹݲ̫˽⣬˵ģģġ
սԴ＼ҲûɶȤ
ŷУһ߳һߴյǮߣСʵˣ裬¶¡
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֪︱˭ô
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ŵ׸ǰһһŵϸΪ»û꣬кܶೡ濴ûԡ
Ϊе׸٣սã˵ٵݻԱ༭ĿԻǺܴġ
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ֹ죬ửʮŸӣս̴ŸȥԱ༭
ڲ׵Եʣټ⼸鼮ߣԳ粢Ǻæս嵽ǵʱԱ༭˸˵սˣ̷¹ս塣
ս˵Ա༭ˡ
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սվŽŵԱ༭ЦЦԱ༭ҽˡ
㲻ôšԱ༭Ц˵Ҳе棬֪սĿġ
Ͼģǰս嶨˶ãֱõ֡
ʵԱ༭³ĸӡ
ս忪żɽ˵һߴӰ﷭һֽݸԱ༭
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Ա༭ͷȷʵȻҲѧ֮һȻֺԤũҲǺҪģ˵ũЩũ֪²ġ
ȷʵǰʱ򣬾ͼһ
սºӴľƺ֧ģʲôʱբʲôʱ֧˵㣬˵үүû̺ӣΪũȴǺϸġ
ȻȻĻһʼͻ᲻е̫ˣίԱûȴӺͷϸ껭𣿡Ա༭Ļķػжϱڲԫеɵʵ
ҷһʼͻõģȻԤȴҲһĹ£ɣĹҪüģҪһµԣһĵĿͷ
սָĿԱ༭ǳǳЦЦɨäȻҪԱ༭ҲⱾĺðɡ
Ա༭һ㶣漴ЦίԱ˵Ķԣˡ
վôίԱⱾʲôʱܹȫꣿ
⼸ŸԱ༭ĻͿʼֿʼһھȫꡣ
Ա༭û뵽սȻôż
ȷʵǰЩģĹ¸ʾˣȻίԱԸӰ࣬ҲûʲôԸģ˳һЩڿ鼮һŲҶܶǰϱ༭ȥɨˣҲıСĺܡ
ָӳҲȷʵûʲôˡ
˵ˣҲֻѡ
һ˲䣬Ա༭תǧأѾ뷨ս뿪ʱϵЦѾ֮ǰˡ
սط֯˿ˮ˶緹ͣȥƬƽ
Ϊ廪Աñ߹ģƽֺһɻɨäӰһļϣܿͶ
ЩˣҪĻ׶Ρ
Ϊս·֮ǰͶŵͻҪҪȥƬһˣڲ֪䣬͹£·ݡ

սĶҲԳˡ

43 

ս·ݵʱ, ʱ򽫽¡
·ݵʱ򣬰˵ҲĸУѱ, ҲôԻŶ, ƫƫ, սĶӹˡ
廪, Ϊи
ͲͬˣӣȻ֪ĸµĶƤɶģԿƤüͷ
廪ѽ, 㲻Ķе㲻Ծô
һϣסˮƿ廪, Сʵ
廪ԣüԾ
ͨɳϿս壺ͦõİ֮ǰҹμҪ굸⣬Щʱҿζˡ
廪˼̧־һ£˵ǣĶű˴˲١
ʹ廪֪ʶäˡ
ѵŮ˻˺Ӷûô󣿡廪һãȻתͷࡣ
Ǳ˴Щվ廪, Ҳ濴˵ͷ
廪ʱˣôӻ˴أУҽԺȥ
˵ţ׼ȥгһ׼̴սȥҼļơ
żɶѽ
⸱صģ, æס, ĸ첲һƣֻǶӴ, ֲɶ¶, ⺢զ˰ѻ˵أ
廪, һ⻰ˡ
ͷࣺӱ˴ôǻ¶ˣ
࿴ս壬ûעߣ廪ŲҪǺ·ݲԣҪ˫̥֣ԼĶǰ˸ȣǰųţǶӣ³žĸ´߸˼ٲĴ󣬻ľޡ
˫̥
廪һ۾ˡ
̵˼ǣĿӣ
ͷֽţصⲽ߶ţ֮ǰ˵ǷûˣžԼˣ˵Ҳ˻˻£ǱϾ·ӦûɶģŷӦҲѰĸµĲ࣬Ҫ滳ǿֱӵġ
廪
ĺӺɶϵĹѵӦô
ֻҪһ뵽սܻ˫̥ͷ̲סĸˣæˮ˵ȥ
ս廹дϸ١
ɣĹѾһ룬ֻʣľֵĳˡ
սдľǾֵַעǴֺ󲿶ˣɣ̤ǰǵ·Ļ־̫ãȲ˵Ǹˣ˵ɣҲǸʮкǲᶪ뿪ġ
Աβľ飬սʷһתֿʼֺľ顣
ƩηߣƩûоԮĵطǣҪʲôֵܼѾԱĵ֮սԽԽ࣬ټʱȣѾûжľȴˡ
ˮͳԡ
һ߳һд֪䣬ȻһƻԱߵ඼̲סĸˡ
ս󣬻ãѾûˡ
԰ȥһ˵ţæվ
̡
սæ̧ͷʶĿ죺ôˣ˯ɣԵĻ廪ŪС˵ţͶ廪ʹɫ
廪̸Ȱ˯ɣˣҲ¥ȥˡ
࿴ս壬ٿ廪Ӽ֣Ҳٶ˵ʲôת˷
˷廪Ŵյս߶ȥֱסʶİķսĶƤϣǰСӣѾӲ΢΢͹𣬺ʱҪһƵġ
Ҳ֪ʲôʱŻᶯ廪ֹ
ս˵˼ϸ٣ɶȴû廪ô˵һӾץסص㡣
ǣ
սͷ廪֣üͷ𣺡ո˵ǣ
廪һ¡
ս̷ıӣ廪ϣסĺ󾱣˵˵ʲôǣ˵ţ򴽣ѵһ˫̥
ͷԼĶӡ
е㾪棬˵ģֻһ˻УǾĴɩǴɩʱ򻳵˫̥
ˣ
ɩ˫̥ɶӾȻࡣ
ǲǿҶӴԲžһ˫̥սɻ廪ӡ
廪ͷյߣո̸˵ġ
˵꣬۾Ŀս塣
Ϊսţȴû뵽սȻüͷһ壬ˣզ˫̥أ
ôô廪¡
ҽˮƽôҲ֪ʱѲ
սӣʱеء
廪һսô˵ԭ˷ܵҲȴд˵ǣڶ죬쵼˸٣ȥȥˡ
ǵľܴ󣬶ǡüľڵľ
廪ȥ˳һҲһȻˡ
պøһҪٲľɩ̥ģ廪һȥͿŸľͲſھɩĶϣʱεĽŲһתվ⡣
ֱǸɩ뿪Žȥˡ
Ƕид챨棬̧ͷһۣ˭Ϳ˳˼ĺĶӡ
廪ôˣ
̷±ʣժϵ۾ָָӣ¡
һ˵һó豭廪˱裺ΪڼϰأôͻȻˣ
үүüûȥˣҸ˼ϴ֮ǰ·ˡ廪Ц˵һССңû뵽ﻹŪģġ
棬ҲǳĺãŪ÷ǳɾ
廪ͷû뵽㵽˾ҲܿٵҵԼĶλԼĴú
ˣЩôˣϲôԶô
䣬תƻ⣬ʼѯս
ڲӵʱ򣬳ӣǵս壬ҽԺҽõĲ̫࣬еҲڼҽԺˡ
Ҳ˵ȫαˣֻǵûԼۿŸġ
£˵źТ˳ãһ㶼ûﲻģһҹ֪Ƕ˻զģ˯Ժһ߿һߺš굸ܡڶ̾ʹ굸ȥˣĸˣӿ˴Щ˵˫̥
˵廪̾˿˵鲻ãе㺦£µʱʱӡ
˫̥
˺Ҳһ
漴Ҳüͷǿɱ˫̥͸ˣʵҽ˵ǲԸ⿴˫̥ġ
ţΪʲô
廪ЩĿ
Ů˵ĶƤôһãӾЩˣң˫̥Ů˵·ǸۣǶԴ˻ǶԺ˵ȵ̥ʱ׵ò֢һҪչ˺ˡ
˵ɫȻ
֪衣廪ţɫҲࡣ
ҲҪģú̥ȿʱһȡȥġЦŸӳһŶ衣
ô˵廪Ҳɵ˿
ˣǱôʵռңǲ̫̫ƽɡ
ʱȻЦ۵ȴ̲סһ˿⡣
Ե²źΪȻɺޣҲ֮һ
Ϊӣöճ֣ĻضҪղú
Ȼǲ̫ƽ
˵ռң廪̲ס¶ЦݣȻʲôϲõЦˣ˵ɽĸθߣˣڷ֯ɨأյû£ǸҲûʲôӰ죬Ϊɽд˸Ͼϵ˱ֽϣӦΪŲƽϵġ
ԣЦһǷһ·ɫүү·ţվæд˶ϾϵֽϣֵɽҲһҲ󡣡
Ǳˣֲǲ֪廪ɫģȻǺա
Ҳǡ
³һҲųơ
ˣԵ²źΪ˽ҴԺͶڲˡ˵յĻ侲ĽԼľ߶ӡ
廪סˡ
翴ı飬ɵĵ̾Ϣ
֪Ӳľ˵ҲֻΪܹսӵʱȥɾһĹѾĽݹԼҵˡ
վ̾˿֪ܲҵѡ񣬵廪ְֵĳѾˣôҵʱ佫ԼҲԼҵ
廪ȷʵ뷨
ҲʮˣҲȢ˺ӣҲѾʣµҲֻССϺӣֻҪŪˣƫƫȴӣеӲ
ǿеļ֣Ҳ˵ܾĻ
վֻ̾˿֪ˣʲôʲôɡ
ĻʱЦˡ
̧廪ĸ첲ҵĺöӡ
廪
ҪǷԾͲǺö¡
˶廪ȥս壬ҪԼս˿ô˵ʱиԱߣЩ
û˺֮ǣսȫȫļֻˡ
ĽȺܿ죬̶ͽˡ
ͰὫ峹ɣսҲǲǵ°ʱ䣬ֱӾһˣԱ༭֪Ϊʲôսôż⻭ҪģȻս彫βˣҲûвĵ
Ǻ˳ģ͵˵ʦ
սĵʦǰӡˢǸʦռãսսҪҲΪ˳֡
죬Ȱˡ
˻ûС죬װһٲᣬսǮֱӰһٲȫԲˡ
ʮ˷֯ʣµĶʮᣬʮԼղأʣµʮֱӴȥƬսֱӺׯϯ˼٣廪ȥƬͶȥˡ
ΪսⱾ̬ȸȾٵݣļ죬ٵҲսһӰӵⲿӰ
ڣʮյʱµ̳ĵ͵˻Ͷӡˢս룬ط̻
ģ¶ʮյʱŹͬƬ󣬸ƳĽƬҲͬͻĵӰԺΪɨäӰҪӰԱҪ߱ÿһ䣬˽ɨä
Ǻܿġ
¶ʮյʱ򣬵ӰԱǾͿʼÿһ䡣
һУս˿
ϣѵû鷿Ӱ࣬ǿӡȻ
ôˣ廪ˮߡ
ս忴һۣҡҡͷֻǾú꣬лЩҲ֪ûãҲ֪ܲܰˡ
һԵġ廪սԴοš
֪Ҳϣܰˡ
ս˫ĿĿǰˣֻˡ
ֹ˼죬ǵķΧһεĽһˣɫܲãͷҲˣ廪ӣԸͷϴ裬걳
ԡ廪Ŵĸ걳
ͷϥһֱݽԡͰſ˵ҽ쿴ľˡ
廪ڵϣҲԼȣ˵⻰ɵ̧ͷľ˵Щʲô
淢һɵ㡣
ǰ㣬ſԡͰıԵĿӵĿ廪ҷͻȻȥɽǰڵĹ磬ȴڲ鵽һʱͻȻֹͣ˶Ϊʲô
үүڻҪԸ󲮸ô
廪Ĭ˺һͻȻ̧ͷʵ
üûô룬ֻ֪Ϊʲôô
үүڻʲô
廪̲סü̬ЩԾĻҪԸյĻһ̬ȣȻ滹¶
ץë˲̾˿ɫؼˣȷʵ˵㶫ĿǰȷѾʹˣ˵֮ע⵽Ǹ磬Ϊϱ˵سǵʱгһгԱɽǰϲ¡
廪˼Ĵͷ²ô˽⡣
Ҳս嵥˵ģҲû죬Ҳ֪ôش
ֻÿϴ裬ս庰鷿ֱս塣
սҲû뵽ȥôˣ¾Ȼó˵ҲûֱӽԼķֺĽ
ɫصˡ
ļ죬Ƿƽ˾ӡ
ս˼ǲֵӰϣܿ콫ˣ廪·ϣ˽ҵ͵͵ĵ¡
ΪȵԵʣ೧Ϣʱ䶼᳤һ㣬Ҳʼ˼Ӱࡣ
ǳ䣬ϼӰൽ㣬ͳίҲ°̫Ҳӳϰʱ䣬¹涨ÿһŶҪһ߹˹ˣսίҲҪһ˼Ӱࡣ
Ϊս廳еԵʣͰᶼչԼӰĻ
ͻȻһϣͷͷ
üͷǹ˵Ͽ︱ˡ
ս뵽סڵͬǱߣʱĵһæʵǲڵͬǱߣ
ô֪Ŀս塣
ʵ֮ǰҲˣһֱȷôһ˵ҲŸ˵սҲװŰģС˵
᲻ĵͷҸǣ쿴︱һŮһ𣬻ͬһҵԺӡüͷյԴ֮ǰ˵︱ǳӵƣŮ˿ɲƣûƸߣҲû׳ǿǵƣ־ͦܵġ
һﻹ֪ʲô¡
һסͣŵĵɴ˫ۡ
˵︱ͷҸŮϵ
ѹʵ
æڰ֣ҿɲ֪˵˼ֻأ
֪︱ǸŮ˽ļҵԺӣ
ҵ֪ƼӵԺӡ

44 

ڵͬһס˶ʮ, 涼סЩ˼Ҷĺܡ
Ƽʮǰ޵ͬģϧã޵Ǹ, ӳûû, иŸںţɺ꣬ſʼ˶, ˵ϼһݱˣ˶ܵ˲, ǣԼӣҹͶ˻ǺӣȥΪûˡ
ͬƼԸĶɷ, ˷ӡ
ƼҲһģҪȥίᣬ˵⽨ţ˱ŵõ˿ӡ
ƼΪǮ, ͿʼϯĻ, ˸淢ˣû˸ƷչվĻ¶ĺͬЩǺü޶û˯š
Ψһ޳ȥ£֪ͬô, Ҳ, 淢Ҳûá
ԭƼӵԺӰ, ֪ǸŮ˭ˡ
ս, ȻһȻЦ
ίԱ֪˭϶ʱ¶Եı飬սߴ˴գôŲ񰡡
Ȼˣ︱ô޷סҼǵǼְԺзôսҡҡͷ̧ͷһܣȻ˵Ů˽̸ӢϰҲ֪Ƽ˵һԷȥġ
ۡ
˲۾⣺ȻԷô
︱Ҳ̫ˣôĿŵͲ±˷ôһֱû˵Ҳֻüͷᵽ︱ʱ۵Ⱦ񣺡Ƿ⽨ʱ֮ĲȻͷҡ
ǰǴ˼ңһײİ
ᵽ뵽ڴԺʱ򣬱Ǽʱ幷ӵھǡ
ʲôûȴ³︱ˣȴܵõǵأֻ÷̼ˡ
ͬǱ߱ϾסĶֵ࣬´˶ǼʣټϼٶкģͶȻ룬޸ӳȥܲã񲻾ٹٲģ︱ǿһ㣬ѡ˵ͬɡ
뵽Ǹ̾˿Ҹսӵʱ򣬻סҷ޳ȥõǮãҰ˵סȥͲңҲŷ㡣
˵󣬻ί
ıһ£ǵ㡣
֪
̾˿ǵģҪ︱޵ƼӵӣԺҪǱ˷ˣƼҲõùˡ
սһ˼Ĵ
ϻؼҵʱڳ棬ս°ϴ־͸Ž˳
ɶѽȵģϽȥ
һӾͼˣҪȫ棬Ѿˡ
սûᣬֱӽȥˣȷʵȣΪûʵ࣬սҲûоرȣߵߣ׼ʲô
ͷһ˵һߺĽһţȻ벼һǣˣˣǳȥȥ
սͷ˳š
ȥˮرϴ֣˳սϴ˸ƻ
̣ڳ˵˸¶սҧһƻ˵ƼӵǳĸǸŮҲţͷġ
ģ
ŵˡ
ͷҸŮϵ˽ôң˾֪
ҹţ**ʮ
սɷµĵͷ
У¶øƼ֪УҪٳ¶Ժô˵žȥƼ
ȴսһסˣ̣ż¶ôӳ顣ǣսֽ︱ɽıҪţ˵Ƿŭ漴һ£ˣһˣ˵ȥţҪʲô༭ϵʽǲһϵ¶
šսЩεĵͷ
û뵽ļôá
⺢ӣʱô˵أɽǸ÷εģᱳˣҿɨˣ͸ȥ׵һũ̲סĶɽƿڴֻ޲ɽǰݺݵӻС
¶ҲϹţټʱΪą̊́սֹһ䡣
Ժָ˵սĶͷ̾һԺЩ¶㿴˾ԶԶģҲû֣ҪǵʱǷˣ֪óʲô¶ء
ս룬ҲþյĺܣҲ֪ʱôôġ
ѾˣȥҲûʲôҪˡ
Ҫ︱¸ô
ɳ˼
˺һսͻȻ͵͵Ŀһ࣬ûӦ͵͵Ŀһۡ
ͻȻ̧ͷսһۣʲôֱ˵ɡ
ս庩Цһֱסĸ첲̣ʵи취ǰɡ֣ʳָĴָǰһ룺ôһ𡣡
˵˵Ȥ
£ֻҪܱӦϾС
ս̴յߣסС˵
һսĸ첲˵¶ˣ㰲ĵĹ̥ͱˣˣ¶ţͨʱ򣬵ñŵˣˣȥͨ籨ŵġ
ס
һģ̲סЦЦ
˶ӣǾΥĸоѪڡ
Ϊ£ڶȥƼȥˣƷչվʱƼſڴˣкӿզпҵģǲϱҪ굸ˣ
ﰡⲻһڼҴģ˵˵ЦǺǵľԱˣҪ굸ĻٸҴ
˵ţյƼȥС˵ҪǮҪƱС
Ƽһʱ˾񣺡ҲҪǮҲҪƱϱŪ
ţĿƼ
ϼҵ岻ˣһܵҲĸﲻԣⲻŪȥͣô겻ȥˣҲ֪զˣ˽̸ӣզ˵ܵø˵ţƼ̲סĳҭ
ҪΪ⣬Ҿ͸Ŷˡ
ƼıҲǸˣҼﻹһ覴òҪǲһȥøҲС
ҪҪģڻʲôİ
ƼЦЦȻ覴ò⣺ºˣһȥڹ̸Ӿͼˡ
̸ģ
ҪдģƷкõģ͹̻ӣҰѹԺ󻹸ϱҪСһҲԣøģļңӹǻԣﻹеҪģ͵ӹ̣ͷҲ˰ƼЦǺǵΡ
治ԸƼθƣԽʱԽ˵
һסƼĸ첲㣬ǼҷӵǸˣǲ
ǣǰƼһʸʵסˡ
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͵͵㡣һקƼԴյ߾С˵ӵǸǷ֯ĸǷ֯Ļƣ̸
ʲô
Ƽʱ˫ۣĺ
ãȻ޴˺ðΣȻ͵ŭգ͵վе׺ݺݵһˤŭҾ˵Ǻö˭˰첻ؼңҪҹĲţû뵽մ㻹ۣҪȥ˺ǸСƤɧƤ
˵žͷ塣
ʱȥ¶һסô嶯ɶѽ
ܲżôСɧ˲صˣҿһѸҪǱ֪ˣһҪҪƼ˵˵žͺ
ֻǵǮȻ̸ӣݵˣզͻȻ¶أ
ܿޣǧҪޣھͱ֪ôһסƼ졣
Ƽ޶ܾޣֻͷᡣ
ݺݵĿһƼе㷢ˣҽϾͺ˵ǰȥ
ǰߣǲ֪֪ǵ¶ˣ˿Ǹ˵ʶίģյ˸ɱŪûˣ㲻ǻ˵Ҫϸӵô
ƼһȻҲʶԼҪǰִˣûùӳԡ
ѵôˣ
ͷ
ɵ㲻־£취׽顣
ƼüҪִ˿զ졭
ңֻҪҪˣͲִˡ
Ƽ˼˼˺һصһͷԣô졣˵ţмĿࣺӣҪĻһڹء
ȣ㣬Ҳ˽أ϶ڳϱԣóᣬһ
ƼҲҪлء
ҪֳˣĲ˵ܱȻ˼ǸӲŮˣɵǺõģ˼ô˵ã˵ƷеʱҲ˵һ䲻á
ͨ籨ţƼϻؼҿ̸ӢͲˡ
ǴСڴ˼Ӷ˵ģԹɫǱܣ̸Ӣʱ̾ͻӢӰһ˳˺ü˰ɡ
̸Ӣһ£ȻЦЦǰ⼸ҪһߺüˣҲ֪ɶʱ˵ţװģĹĵһ첻İһ춼Ų¡
ǸõĵģǺͬİҲӵģǰûһӣֱ˴ԽȥˣȶȳˡƼһ˵һע̸Ӣı顣
ȴû뵽̸ӢȾϽͿ־壬·Ϊɷһ
ģҪǰĻͬһأƼ̲סҪ顣
˼䣬Ƽеװȥˣ˵˾ͻ˷
̸ӢĿĵĿƼĺ󱳣̲ס죬ü
ǡϣ︱ٴ̸Ӣһ׵ػĹһǺݺݵĲһͨոű̸ӢڴϴŴ
̸Ӣȵùӣһûһµŷ硣
û£︱أͱ̸Ӣˡ
ȣ̫ˣ첲ˡ
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⼸ûôոһ̸ӢϸӽԼĲȻ˲ٺģϲָо
ҲΪĶû̸ܿӢһ
ãҽƼӿҵԣ磬˵ᷢǵ¶˰ɡ
︱һ㶣漴Щңֱӣզ£ôֵģ
ͻȻ£Żŵġ
Ļ˵һ
̸ӢѽϺƼݸ˵һߣ˵︱˸Ƿû¶ЩǶϲЩǲޣʵĻǻʡ
̸ӢǾﲻԾɿ︱ĵӣ־ԼǶ롣
⼸ڳɵզ
︱·ݵʱϷĹϵ̸ӢŪеʳȥˣ̸ӢȻǸʱʳҲվ˽Ÿˡ
ͦõģˣʳĻԽԽѸˡ̸Ӣ︱ĸ첲
︱ֲ˵ˡ
̸֪Ӣе칫ﵱɲΪǰڻеɹһĻ
һ뵽еʳȫˣ̸Ӣһ绨Ů˽ȥˣ֪˻Ů˵أҪС׷̸Ӣ̸ӢҲϲ˱ô죿
︱ԽԽƣҲ̸Ӣ§Խ
ʳﲻôŮ˶࣬˵˵ֺα˶ꡣ
硭
̸Ӣס︱ĲӣͣĶͷ磬ҾȳģҲҴ˾ǣΨһˣҶӸˣѵô
˵ţ̸ӢͿˡ
︱һʱЩۡ
аɣʵѾϷкˣ˵˾³ȽڲпʱϷǰĿ㡣︱̾˿ȻԸ⣬ǻ
ûкϷкΪ˺ǵĹϷҲһ
ٵȼ°̸Ӣͣˡ
ĸζôöˣ¾͵Ȳȥˣ︱̸ֱӢѹȥ
һΪСҡ
ٴδŮĻƼ̲סü
Уܵˡ
һߣսܿҵţԼķָţ
ţ֪ϢüͷȻս岻ҪţҪ˵
սѾܴˣȻԸǣУȻţ˱ֻ֤ȻĻҲưոݾˡ
ţתҵ֮ǰһˣһǳɫ
黹ãһչ˵ǸСԺһ࣬ȫڲסˣȻеǣ֮⣬Ȼбڶҡ
ǷǳרҵĶңһ·ӵġ
ĬĬȥΣٳ棬ɼȻһ·ӵģ۶ĶֶܷԷɼԷӦѷģһǹⱻֵġ
ţ˳ûһͱ˴˳ֱȥˡ
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ţĶ죬ȴûĹƼȥſ͵͵ĶңۿǸ˵Եʦӷ֯ģ߳˲֪Լˣˡ
û죬֯һСϢ˵ǰϻؼҵʱ򣬿︱һŮһ̬ܼˡ
ϢʵϸֻҪ︱һǼ˾ˡ
ƫƫ˭︱ء
ûг壬һü춼ûȥ̸Ӣ
ҵȻҲԣЦͷĲˣϻؼңԼŻһ˫Ůֻýˮʽֻн˷ź󣬲ſʼ︱ƹ
ﵽô£߬ȭͷѹʵ
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ǵãӻл˾ͱˡ
ֲҪڳأ˵ʲôӰڳֱ˯ԭǳûͷ˽Ǹɧ꾫ԽԽ̲סĴ
ôĺ˵˵ʲôأʲôʱ˽ɧ꾫ˣһ쵽æҪпճȥŮˣܱܲģææģǻЩȻġ
︱һʱŬֱӴӴһˤӡ
ΪɵôԼͷûѵûоô
Ҳŭˣ̧־ˤĲס
ＸأرıʮͲˣҸ㣬ҪǸͷˣҾ͸ҾٱȥҴųӺѾȥ
ƶݺݵĵ︱۾ķ·ҪѪƵġ
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︱ͷؿƣΪȢˣ㲻ȥʳӺѾԸԸߣٲãҲǷ֯ĸҲСˣԼļƽϣȰʵʵϰ࣬Ҫ󳳴֣ʡĵֵ˭϶ÿ
λһ˵ƻʲô˽ġ
ͷˡ
ƱһȥŤһ
Ů˵ôֵĹ˵Ʊˡ

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Ҹ˵, Ʊˡ
һţͷ˵
ɶսһֱ׻ͼİһ̧ͷ
ȻʶĶһۣӶԷ￴˲졣
սæ±, 첽ߵӱ, ˳ְӣڵתĲ豭͸˱衣
һеһ֪Ŀ
Ҳæ߹豭һڣһԵ˵Ҹոսӵʱ, ÿ, ˣ˵ˤ, ҿţָͷӡ, ˤ, Ǳˡ
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ս޿̵
Ҳ̲ס¶ߵı¶ûأһ, ڲô
˭֪ôġֺ˿ڲ裬Ͽͱ, ĵĻء
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, ¶ô֪ģ
ȿս壬ս岻˵ֿᡣ
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, ںӱвʪЬȻҰڵͬ͸֪бϳһ졣ս̲סķ˸ۣҲͬжٷ֯Ĺˡ
⻰ͰᶼĬˡ
ʵҲ벻ͨΪʲô︱Ҫڵͬ
ôΣգôױ˷ֲô
ս嵹︱뷨ȫΪԸˡ
˵ӸԣŷԽΣյĵطԽȫͺñǰʱ˵һܣĳηޣȴܲ˸취Լ¥ðһ׷ӣݲؽҹ˯˵¥ȥ˵𽵹ల¶꣬һֱ磬û˵𴩣ǷһֱǶޡ
˵︱ҽڵͬҲûġ
޷Ϊ˻ְᷢˣǣŵˣر졣
ʵϣ︱뷨ûôӣΪ̸Ӣؾʱ̸Ӣδйϵ֮Խ̸ӢڵͬҲȷʵΪŮ˵ıϧ뽫Լ֮£ȻҲôһ˵˼û
˵̸ӢĴ󵨸ף︱Ҳһ
߳һѾ˰ķǮҲ֪ƼǲģҲȷʵûиǮҷӣԾô˸Ƕˡ
ټϴӿʼڣҲС궼û˷ˣ︱ɲ͵ô
磬иš
Ȼÿᡣ˵꣬ͷٵ뿪ȥһ칫֪ͨȥˡ
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϶ʲôҪ֪ͨϵĻֽ˴ȻϽϴëʡ
Ҳźżֻëܳȥˡ
һϴˣֵõķߡ
սĶӴˣͰһһҵģƵĻߵλã˸ǰλõԱ߾ǻңίǶǸƬȫһ߹ˡ
ίԱ㿴Ǳߡ
Ὺһ룬ţɳݽԱߵİսӡ
սһ£˳Űָȥ
ͿԶͷ·ݽŮˣŰ׵׺ڵĳͷԺһƬϣľˡ
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ϿŻҪ׵սĶС˵
Ҳ̾Ϣһ;øǸ
սֻһ۱ջĿ⣬̨Ͽȴû︱Ӱ˵ƽʱ︱ֻҪڳǲڿʱġ
ƫƫڣ︱û֡
˵᲻˰
űû٣ɶٵģѲҲˣ̲סķ˸ۡ
սͰʱĬ
пܡ
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ȻƱϣҲˣֱҲȫ˺ۣ︱ӻˣֻҪһ뵽һõĸȥϰ࣬;û︱ɴһڼˡ
ڴϣȲͣŷ硣
ͷȵʱ︱ﻹ·һѻգȥģǾƶĺδӶͷϻ䡣
ӣˡĸŹƿŴ߽
ſ︱˯ڴϣ¹̣̲ס̾˿˵˵㣬ôִܷأСˣһһŮЩϰǲٳּģТ˳Һ֣ôأ
裬ģʲôû˭֪񾭲ƵģͻȻʲô衣
︱üͷһ壬Ӵһ
ĸһۣ˭ңʵ㣬¶ͷˡ
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ҪΪͥ͸Сˣ֮ǰĳͷĶġĸһ۶ӣ֮ǰ˵ָԼ֪óǸŮ˶ˣû뵽ôˣȻǣҲʲôͷЩ߰飬Ҳ±֣ҪǱˣȫҶúù
裬˵ʲôأҸûͷϹ㡣
︱ԽԽ÷ꡣ
Ȼ֪ʺϣ̸ӢôھпֻһˣҪˣ̸Ӣôأ
ĸӷˣʱ˵ˡ
ԴӶӵ˸ڼһֱ˵һġ
˴ҲֻȰ⣬˵ʲô뵽ĸɵ̾˿ٳŵʱ򣬻̲סĶ˵һ䣺ͷѾˣ㻹עӰɡ
︱üͷ
ڷԽԽ꣬Խ
ɴ˼ţֱ֯ķȥˡ
عʱѾߵ˷֯ǰ·棬벻׵ĵطǵͬڣⲽȦ̲סһȦӺͬһڽȥˡ
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ȥ̽ǸСԺֺȥ˾
˾ű֪ǸСԺȻΪصԭȻΪпµʱֻûƣ︱ȻƷǺô꣬˽ģû񣬳ǡǸͷ
ǡ
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ΪϻҪӰ࣬ڰʱ򣬻һСʱʱĹǻؼʱ䡣
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ͬЦЦЩԵʵǲˣҪ˵ǼһּҵĺãǸ沰ԽԶԽá
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Ѧ᲻ֻЦЦ
˵Żأһͬ׷
ᣬȥǱ߸ȥˣںô㶼ҡ߹һĵѦļϡ
Ѧһ㶣㿴ȥˣ
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ͬһʱֿ˼䣬ȻͺѦֵ
ѦųһŻͷҵ˲֪˶õ̸Ӣ
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㣬㡣
̸ӢѦ˸û˵Ľ䡣
ôˣѦᱳǽ΢üͷһģʵȴǾĿܡ
ǵ鱨ǲⰡǸ︱һöûУҸûӴĿꡣ̸ӢҲǺѦһı飬˱űһʶģʵȴڽ̸
ȥӽڻеʳø£ĴΡ
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Щ鱨鵽˸ġ
֮Լ޸ӽӶлõҪ鱨ԼܵĻ˳߷
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ϵʱѦ˵ҿĲˣȻǾ߰ɣ˵ºӴ̽Сȥˣʱ֥ߡ
֥ͱˣ߰ɡĬһ˵
֥ȥǱߵĽ㲻֪ǱߵѧУرã͵Ǳߣ϶ҺúôġѦżҪźŮδ΢Щ
ʱüͷ
Ѧټһѻ𣺡ңǱ߳ףˣǾ顣
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ֹ죬ǵΪһλΰ˴һε˷֯Ѧҹɽ˾ǽһ
ҹɫУɽŲСŮϰһȦС㣬Щ׵Ϊǰġ

ͷ˶û¶棬ҹֻһָ
šѦԼĽɽĽŵ˹ȥףţɽ뿪Ͳô˶Ŀˡ
ȥɣĳ
˵ţɽͱһ˫һϣϽ
˯֥ɽţһſϡ
棬ѦỹںǸ˵ӿڴСϵǸǣСŮ͵Ѧȥ
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˽Сպãתӣܿ죬Ƶˡ
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棬֥˱ţҹɫȥ˻վ
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˵ԽԽ٣ĹִЦ
ЩؼҶܿԼʵʵڼңҲָ︱һûģ֪Ǽٵģﻹ˿
ǰΣֻҪԺ︱ԸؼңԸúùӣȥƽϡ
Ȼ֮ķΧ϶Ȳǰ
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ƼֵɢҥûãЩѾڼڿˡ
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ڣҲܲˡ
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޷Լȣֱֱĳվ̨ǱȥԶԶĶţͻȻ̸Ӣתͷ·︱̧ž׷˹ȥ
ֱ׷˵ͬ׷СԺ׷̸Ӣķ䡣
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̸Ӣһѱס︱ϻᣬȴͷĴ
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ںͬǻ˺ܾãûȷλá
ձĸק˼ҡ
ؼȥĸ֤Ժ϶ú˵˵ӣǸŮ˶ˡ
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裬㡣
ͻȻӺ洫һڵ
ʶĻͿԼĶӣ֪ʲôʱҲһѸũ棬︱ƨɾ˹ȥ

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֪أ˵ӻھأҲ֪ôС̾Ϣһ
˵ģһͦǺӵģͲ֪ôҵȥġ
ôҵģȻǸԼȥġ
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ŵ̯Ǯһɨա
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װͷ˼, װģȥһҽԺ
ȴҽԺͷٵĻ˼ҡ
μ˶йԭʱ, ֥һڼңھӼҵİſţ֥ɽȥ˶԰Ϳˡ
ҵʱ, ھӼҵİŴ档
ôˣ
Űŵͷͷе, ٻϢһ£Ͼʾ涼Ǯйϵ, ҪͷŪ˾Ͳˡ
ΪﻹЩ, ƽʱĻЩ
һ£ȻҲЦ˵Զԣʾֵ¿Ǵ, Ҳ, ⲻ겻ڵȥ̽ʲô, һûź, ɲˣ˵֥ôСĺ, ôȻҪ𳵣Ҳ
Դҳ£ɽЩھûǰôˣټ֥, Ų, òӵǮ, дϱԹ
ļؼ֤, ûպͰѡ
ͷеΣȻؼˣȥɡ
ŻɽʲôʱͿݣŸˣŶʱ˸ۣʲôѽӼҵĹӣҲͿϾϵĿ죬϶·ŵũ˵ţֵĿʼɽôȵ죬ѺӴߣǮһء
˼ɫһ䣬ûиղǸӡ
ݣͻط䣬İԼдЩȫ٣ѦĶûȴԼ·֥·Ĺӻһ¡
ӣ³ֻѦ֥··ǿķһС
ѦûЩ飬ҲʰˣŽ³мĳԿףԿ׷ѦӴ¿ڴԼǷϴǵ֮Ĺ顣
ЩϸϸĽÿһ䶼̽һ
գڴͷ﷢һŷ⣬дӢģ֪ЩѦ֤ݣ˿󣬴͵͵ĲԱʱ֮裬ľͻָԭ״
Լķ䴦ˣȥշ
Ȱ³ľ俴һ飬ûʲôֿ˿ͷֻԭװǮĴͷտҲ

߾ȻǮˣ
ͷϣֳȥⶼʰһ飬ȷʵûʲô©˿ֳš
ϵʱϴ裬žͿѦվڴ³ǰ档
·֥·ˣѦͷҲûصʵ
ͷһ٣Ӧһš
˾ͣҵ·֥࣬·٣Ժô³ͦõġ
Ѧ˺ֻǵ˵ͷҲ֪û˵
ӵëӱסѦ᣺ᣬʲôʱӡ
ѦԣӶʱӲˡ
ڲӵʱҲǶ֥ô㻹ܣ
ţܣᣬܾ⼸е㲻һˡ
ͷȥĲӡ
ʼȵһңôżİ֥ߣǲԼߣ
˵ʲôɵأ費Ҳ֥һôҺӵĸףô֥ߣô֥ûаְֵС
Ѧת̧ͷһ°ͣҪ˼룬ô
ᣬҪҡ
Ѧԣĵ׶ʱһҲر˻ȥ
޸ʱΪ񣬶ǰ飬ôһӢˣפļ䣬гһܹض԰һҲֿ
ˣе㻳ɵġ
ɣǱ΢Уʧˡ
벻˲ᱳ
ͷǰδеǿҡ
סı۾ڵͫк޲ż˵Ĺܡ
***
֯׽£ھǴССĵλһʱ䡣
︱ְְλ
ؼʱ̣Ȼܹעλãţڻߣþ˽λøռΪׯϯǾ磬֮ǰ︱֮ϣΪǹʽͬ
︱㲻Ϻá
ǹ硣
һΣ˵ʲôҪһǺϵĸС
飬⼸ׯϯæʲôأ
ˣⲻЩ֯ءſڴǺ˵
С칫ļͷ
ķԤˣսֿʼдѩֺͶֲĴ١
һץץģϾȻֺô࣬Ҳ֪Ȼʲôãץ˸ѩֺͶģȻֺսͲ̫ˣҪȥѯ廪
ϡǵã廪ֵʱ˵Щݡ
дûУеû˼·
ɴ׼õѺʯ񣬻λƵľȥ˶䡣
Ǯˡ
վſڣŵĻϵŮͳ泶ɤӺ
GǮ
սЦЦӱ𺰣Ҿ衣
⺢ӣӶôˣʲôʱһսĶӣæĵʵǰЩʱǮ˵㻳ˣӶôˣ
˵ţһȦӣ߰˸˰ɡ
ûУ£ǶԵô󡣡
ţӿɲµĶӣ²ǻ˸˫̥ɣȥҽԺû
ȥˣǰͷ˵׼߸µʱȥʱǲ˫̥֪ˡսһߣһ߻ش·Ů⡣
վǮĻԱߡ
Ǯڻߣר־ĺܣսҲżԱߵĵĵţһֱǮߣͳУ裬Ҹ˵ѣϴɾˡ
ԼԡǮֵĿһۣŲȴͣٵ߹սֳѣ٣Ѳͦ𡣡
ͶԼ廪ģ߰˴ء
ǮŽӹУҲеˡ
ЩӳôսԱһӾ͸Ǯӡ
ȣҲûãȣ㲻óǺ˵ʵĺܡǮսŽ
ȥһȣսͻʳ
еʱ÷еʱɽˮеʱͨĴҶ衣
ò˵Щζˮˣȷʵ̹ࡣ
ɲ͵ģׯϯ⽻ˣÿ衣
ǮƲƲ죺Ҫȥˣ;͹ˣǰû֮ǰô첻ҲֱӰġ
սʱЦ治顣
ˣЩӻռôǮһ߳һʵ
սҡҡͷûУզˣռҳ¶ˣ
վ͸Ƶļ
Ƕɩˣ˸Ůޡ
ˣ
ս죺Ҳ֪ҲûҰ
ˣǰҹģǲǷֳס߶ˮ˲͵ҽԺǵʱҽԺ︾Ƶҽؼȥˣʿģ
Ǯ̾˿սֱҹҪϴűϲأ͵ųԺ켦ɡ
⺢ҲС̥ĺãһȥ׼㶫ϲţһӡսû뵽ĺӻƻǴ
ռҵ˶ԸҪӲ𻨵֧ˡ
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ǽ⼸죬ɰ׼ѧ
ɱѧԺȲã컭ͼøɰǸͼڰҶԺѧ·ʱá
սǮ߶߶ģԱߵֱȣһֱսˣŸǮЦƵ˵˵ǮǺãŮһһТ˳ҲǸõģ˵ӵĽĻ˰ɡ
ǮʱЦˣЩ˵ǿɲԺȢϱԸ⣬Ļˣֻøˡ
ˣǼĽ
ǴˣӾݲǺڶˡ
˵𻨣ǮʱֻЦЦ˵ˡ
磬˰࣬սдٵıʼǱؼңҵʱڰӡ
սϴ־͹ȥæôԽˣ
廪˵ԣⲻСȥ˵еĽӡһЦǺǵ˵ﻹæָֻͣɣƤһϣĴָһ£һСɿɰĽӾˡ
սҲźǽӰĻͦá
ԼԣҪͷս˾͡ߡһ̲ס²ۡ
ôͷˡ
廪ǡôͷϻһ̾װĶͷϻŴñһģսδӡ
廪ӸߣΪ³˿ԭ忴ȥе㵥Ƥôɹڵְס
ҲݵϾװ󣬾һֽʡ
ô˵أˣϱݾ˵ǣζʮ㣬ⲻÿľװƯĸо˵ˣƷջ
սԼϥе
ôˣˣ廪ߵսߣʳָ˵սš
ս۾һգգĶ㶵ĵͷ
ɲǿզġ
ɫջ˭ܵ˰
㣬ô·ˣϳŵʱ򣬻ɽװء
廪ʱЦˣ˵ˣôϲ
ţϲ
ս̿ͷ۾ˡ
ϲԺҾͶഩ廪Цˣİժñӣȥϴ˸֣Ҳæ󣬲Žʹ·ԭ򣺡ҺүүȥǸ̸ӢģԲŻ·
ô˵ģ
ս̹ĵʵ
Թϲϲ԰ضеһϢвĵ
Ƚϸӣ̸ӢͺܽӦܹרҵѵģһҧԼȥͶĸĹŮĲ˾ǣͱ˵ͬڣǱѾȥеľĸˣоǰһ˽ͷΪԶԲ̫Ǹ˭ֻ֪Ǹģ⼸ҲŲ顣
廪뵽磬̸ӢΧţȻȴӦԵĵˮ©;Щͷۡ
ŮǸӲӡ
ȻֵĿ˵㣬ţ϶鱨⡣
ô˵Ǳûʲôչ
廪ҡҡͷսʱеʧ
ΪֻҪץסѱ׷Դһˣû뵽Чôĵ̾˿ͻȻе㻳ˡ
顪˵ŻأͷͬʱĻг
廪ȥǲʲˡæк
廪վĵϵۣСȥţȴû뵽վŵľȻս̻ͷˡ
һߺţһ߰սӭ
ս⻹ͷһμңſڵʱ򣬿ⶰС¥ĽĻţĽμţŷ֣˵סĵضˣռҵլСԺҲԶˡ
磬զ˵ɩǰˣŵϴŹϲءսӭȥ
ս켦⻰ʱЦˣǰģ첻ϴô
Ӵӡ
սһţæֽӹսϵĺ켦ţȥһ¶쵰аͷ
ⱨϲŵĹء
ͺ켦ض쵰аͷ
һսһʱȥתһȦҪĿ죬쵰ûˣˣ磬⻹һǣȥݸɩȡ
˵ţĶݸս
սû뵽սȻͽ׼ĺúõˣʱˡ
ʵ֮ǰѾӿת˺һˡ
⼸µ˼ѾʶԼ˽Բžռս壬ɺ˿϶ҪϲŵģҲԸгϢˣӲͷƤţȴû뵽սȻô顣
GGСԼȰɣɩǱˡ˵ţĿڶϣҲء
սǿӲĽȥУȸɩӰɡ
սˡ
¾ư첻찡ϲűˣս忪ʼ̽Ϣҳ
ҵ˼ǲ죬趼Ҫ죬ûء˵սʶüͷдϼֲûйֻһ˵ĹʣҪǾûҪ¾Ƶġ
첻ˣǰ֪ͨʱһӡսҲû˭˵ֱֻ˵һ䡣
սֺˣͷãһҪȥϾǱһ˱ϲţͲˡ
սſڣͷϻźüӣŻӻ֣ˡ
ɵ뵽ϱɩӵʱڷʼ۵ʱ绰ҽԺʱɩоһʹһߴϷأٿڣ֪
Ϣͨ˶°սֿʼֻˡ
Ժĸ￪ˣǿԻһδŻûȹŵɡ
ڶѾ·ˣҲ֪ʡǱûȫӰء
ʡǱߵĵӰڲš
˳ǡ׺״塣
ϴ峤̴࣬λƵ﹡ͷߡ
֧ͬҲ̴һ߻λƵ߹ڲ·
֪ԺǽЩû
ϴ峤֧æʵ֧鲻Ǵӵ֧飬ǴĳҽǰҽѧͷЩ꣬ĴСʹģһ֪ԺŮˣҩġ
öˣˣ˵ҪϵĵӰ
Ϊ˿ӰҪˣǲ֪ǸŮޣʱȥˣɽҵһѣϴ峤Խ˵ԽЩӽ󣬲Ҳഺˡ
֧ԣʱЦˣҪ㲡ˣеӰ㿴
ϴ峤
ôܲ
ߵһ·ڣľ͡
һ֪¹ʱ䵽ˣȿֺĵǱˮһ̽ţȻŶҳͷææĻؼҡ
·ϸûͣ캮ɶģƽʱһ㶼һ
û취˭ýϵӰԱҪŵӰأǼŻؼϴշأҪüĺӿռλá
ʱҼһ̴̡
ȳǱߣӰԱڵԻ̫ˣ̫ɽŽװġ
ǵԵʱѾвٺӿŰʹռλˡ
ӰԱһ߰װһߺǰ˰һλ
ĺǶʱԹԵķһ·
ЩҲؼңҰӣһ߳һƨڵϣ֮ǶˣģˣҲĹˣȣרӵġ
󣬻ĵĻ濪ʼͼ濪ʼ
ԭµĹ̰˵ĿⶼĻ棬֪ԺȺ֪ǣҲһĶǼϲá
ԴӹǰһɨäӰ󣬲˵ģӰ̵Ǽ֣ٴ󲿷ֵĴ񶼻ˡ
ڽĺӣв˹֪ȡֵأɼǵ˼Ѿʼˡ
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ĻһɹŰ
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һתɣүүȥɣʰϤС˵ϣɣĸĸһȴɣܾˡ
Ϊʲô㲻Ǻϲҵİְô
ɣش𣺡ΪҪүү̣ȥһǡ
˵꣬ͱŰżС뿪˸ԭһ·ϣ˺ܶ࣬ҹСΪһֱöԺΪûˮεˣСû취ֻóȥȣ˾˽
Ǻܿͳһ·Ķѡ
գһСޡ
ţЩǰԤּٶҲÿԤڴӵĸֳ
濴ӰĴҲʼɧ
ҲµĲҿֻͶ뵽ְĻһߺ£һҪ͵͵Ĵָп
ֵʱͻȻѡ

찡ɽɽѿˡ
Һ¡
££ЩǼٵģʦĻġ
أְ֡ˣⰡⰡ
ĺǶʱֿˣкµģ᲻ģпɽѿ˷ܵģ֮ӦǼңֺ뿴Ľǿøӵˣ鶼
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ȥĺˮ
ǲĵӰʲôΪ֪ʶӵ֪ǣȴġ
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ָĦһڡ
죬Ǵˡ
ս죬̾˿תoȥϰˡ
˷֯ս彫oĵطȵҪ°ʱ򣬲oȥǮǮҲ˼٣սһסĵطȥˡ
סһһĺԺ
ԺߵǼӾĶʮȨ
ǵʱӻ򲼣Ƕͷˮźӵģս𻨽ţһ㶣漴Цݡ
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оԱء˵
ǿɲ廪үүְλߣоԱô廪Ҳүүȥˡ
ԽԽᣬڴ׸
̼ǵãǰӵ˵ʱڣеֻ࣬˵ʱӵֻǸӪҪ񣬳ģüζûˣսԱԹչš
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ͬ־ȥһ˲ӡ
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廪ߵߣסļ򣺡£ûµġ

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κһ֪ʷ, ޶ԣҪǣʷʱ䣬ѷʱ̫ˣֻж̶̵¡
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ϳʱ, սȶе, 廪ҲսͻȻ, ˣ, ˮ, ϾȻֺٻɣҲ˵ġ
뷨ս, һӾɢ
αϣһûһ¸Ŷӡ
΢΢ż, Գӿĺ, ս忴Ŵ⽥˵ľɫ, ĿЩԹ
зˡ
ֻ֪û
컹ôͻȻ, սĶϸһֻ֣ߴ廪ûŵɡ
սͷͿ廪һǳЦӡ
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廪һ߬ס֣ļ򣺡ޣûˣһˡ
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ǿɲҵı϶ˣզүүô
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ܿ죬˽ľ
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廪ļȻ˳Ʒסĸ첲˵ڲʺ̫׽ǷޣսǸиҲû˵Щʲô
ܿ죬һ˵һ칫ҵ档
˵ŻȻ̫ȥ
սɫ׵ĿǽϣΪû緹Եʣֻôĵ׷䣬һ˵Ҳûͣ£ս̲סˣæתȥͷǽ͸Żһ
ôˣ廪չʡ
û緹﷢š
սίĿ廪ƽʱʱѾ緹ˡ
и徭סսո˵ˣǹһ˾ͻͷߵС˵ȥʳһ緹ٴ㶹
ǣ׳С˸תСˡ
ս廹ܣɴҲǲ棬Դ廪ļͷ
СȥٶȺܿ죬һй
һżͷһǼͬСˣҵľˮǶ
ˣ԰ɡ廪ӹоͷս嵽Աߵ
սҲȷʵˣĽӹͷͿʼС
廪Ա߰Űǡ
ԣҭš仰廪˵ʵģΪսԵʵе̻ʵġ
Ҷ
սίͰ͵Ŀ廪һۣȻҧͷ
Ϊ¾ûԶ٣ҹͷվ˺üСʱֶֻۣ޲øϽ緹һĴúõ˯һء
һӲҪȻûʱ˯
԰ɣԵ廪˲Эæˮ򿪣ȶ
֪ʲôʱ򣬸˵ͣˣ߳ˡ
׳ͽȥǺոսСȥ緹ľСѯʵ
˰ڰ֣ãȳ緹ɡ
˵ţͷߵΣҪ
ԣ̲סЦŵͷᵽͷ͸ˣǰˣ׾ˡ
ӴײӿɲСΪءԱһҲЦǺǵ˵
Щ˵Ľϲõģշѡ
˵СսȻˡ
û뵽ȺͲС׳Ȼôİԣٶȵĺ˶
ҳԱˣǳȥɡս徫Щƣ룬˵ġ
廪ʰ˷кˮȻš
λ׳Ϻãүү廪Ǿ˸ȻЦŵͷ
սҲ廪ʺá
ûнոյӣǱһտһЩӣǻһȦɳɳϻë̺
˶սеִٵվм䣬ڷԸ廪廪ϱҸɳ
սܿһɳ档
⻹󣬵һɳأԺĸ￪ˣһҪһײУսһεĵҧгݡ
󣬾ǵ衣
Ҫţǽ캰ֻмҪѯһ¡ţмǸ˲ſڰʮŵʱǾ˵ӰЩʲôĵһʱǶΪӰеĳ·ЦɾڵӰʮ죬Ҳǽ賿˳Ƿ˴𣬵ӰвŵԤף켸ˣӰоʾ尡
սԣɵϣĿⶢǸ˵ˡ
Ǹ˵ͻȻˡ
ֻǺսţ·ڵȴս⡣
˳ǵ𣿡ս׼ȵиɻʶĿ廪֤ȴ廪ͷ죬·𲻸ŵӣ˺һŵʵǱߡôôҵĵӰаô
˵սȦѾˡ
ȻѾʶԡ
ͷӲ˲۽ǣжˣǵǶĵ𰡡
⻰һԭɵķΧ˲϶¶ãȻվſڵȴΪ赹ˮҲ̲ס۾
ԭº͵գҲֻǴǿűʹѡ
˳ǵûȫֲѾ糿ˡ
Ҫս尲һǸ׳οһ䡣
սźȦͷ
ܸңΪʲôǰͻȻʼһӷ֯ǰƬæֻΪ֮ǰⲿӰӳңǵ֪˵ȫӳڶͻӳΪʲôͻȻУ
׳Ŀⶢս壬ÿһ鶼
賿󲻵СʱⲿСЩʲôĵӰͱƬ͵˾ǻһСʱʱ䣬нⲿӰ¿һ顣
һʼǱĽÿһԼԤĵϳһֻ֪ͨһСʱӡˢڲӰӪ֮ǰЩ֪ͨÿһС
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˵ս˱ۣϢ
ֺʮСʱŽ뵽֣ңұˣ֣˵ߡЩҲһţθ
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һУԴһΣԴ⣬òԭļƻͻȻı䷽ȻֺԤֲᡣ
Ϊʲôôأ
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Ҳ֪
ս򴽣ָ΢΢߬Ҳ֪ΪʲôܾеģһֱܻţǶʱҳԲãҲ˯ãɷһֱԱ߿ңҿֲܼⲿꡣ
˵꣬ͷ廪
廪æͷǵģǶʱ㲣ΪΪеԭ򣬺ŷǱξĥ
£һĬ
廪ȥɣҿɫá
һͻȻ˵
廪սߡ
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ǰϾǵȻֲֺǿΪġ
ܲûԤδɡ
˵ĲҪ˵Сĸǽж
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ҲⲿӰһȥĲ˵ĺúܶ࣬ԤҪ١
ӰĿĴﵽˡ
ǰȻᱻ˵⽨ţһһ䣬챣ˡ
ȴӻҳ廪һʱսȥ
һսɫɵƴϢһȻָ˼飬˵ӪƬ󣬲żææĴԼᣬ˯
һҹû˯սҲûüຮ䣬ͷͷ˯ˡ
ô˾ˣ
ս˯ˣ廪ţһһʵ
֮ǰǻ˲ڵĵӰô챻ѯ˵顣廪̸ݳֱ״̬Լ裬Ҳ͸¶һ֡
Ǹˣֻһ˼ô¡
ҪھסһʱˣҲãҲܾͽչ˿Ȼ¶һЦ㻹øϽȥ¶̣ɱˡ
֪ϻȥ·˳̽ӹ
ԼŰУˣ˸١
֪衣
廪սи󣬾ʹСϻμҡ
ĸ²Ҫսھһʱ䣬Ȼڼ״̬һֱϾսĵӰôۣܲҲܲ
Ϊˣύ档
ȻԼύԼְ֮㣬ԼһھӶദԺӡ
ʵͿھһԼСԺˣǵһ߱ȽƫƧ֯Ƭ̫ԶڶҲΪμھзӣռӵıˣһֱûСԺսΪȻȻģҲͽСԺ
廪ʱ򣬲񣬻սĻߺͻһˡ
Ҳ˼٣սĹ棬սΨһ񣬾ǽݸ廭ãͻȥͰᣬپս˹󣬵ݽ硣
˵ǰ鷳˵㣬ͨҲ˵㣬Ϊ˱ս壬һ鷳Ҳǿܵġ
ϣμҵСԺʰˡ
СԺƽսǷҲû취ӵһ¥ˣסߵķ䣬סڶߣһշ᷿סǱܾˡ
ϵʱľͷӵĸߵʹϣս忿廪ţ˵ǲ֪үүǰˣ
㲻˵Ҳ˵ģô֪
廪ԼָĿĵսĶϡ
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ܾã˼άһƽ棬൱ңΪ˰ܲʮ꣬ҲΪȴ飬ٱȥ
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սԺ۾ȴ廪ڴߣɳƣ廪ôˣããȻȻûѡ
廪Цһӵ֪ͨҵүүȥһ˷˳ǡ
˳ǡ
սһ£漴Ȼѡ
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ս۾廪ʲôʱ
үүʰˣ̳廪һװףҲžװϱоȻս֮ǰѾ׼˺һˡ
սæӴǵǣһҪСİǱߣܶȣܰĵطʱ򣬶Ӷࡣ
֪ˣģүүһ𣬾ȥǰҲ۵ġ
սɲ廪ĻֻֻҪ˶޶Եġ
Ҳ˵̫ࡣ
һǵĳϣȻĻؼҡ
̱ģǻûµġ
ս尲οࡣ
̾˿ǵǣүүţҿ϶ҲҪȥģҲ֪ʲôˣˣҸոպ񿴼廪ˡ
裿
սԣ͵ػͷѾԶĳӡ
ʱһ˵Ҳȥˣ
֪Ҳۻ˰ɡҲԼҹû˯ã廪ȥ˳ǵ⼸죬Ҳиþ˯ˡ
ڶս岻ģȥһҽң֪ȷʵȥ˷˳ǡ
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ӣսˣһߵүһ߻ȴ
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ܶ˶ǿһӰ˲Ծе̬ȥ˿տĵطȻҲкܴһûעеѵ˶ڿ棬ģ˵ǲӰ˺ܴԤá
ǵĲӵ˳ǵʱѾоͽĲӵչԮˡ
ﻹЩصǳ
һӣΪͨӰ࣬˶ûܵĳȴ࣬ΪǳռȻȴжܵĵطڻƽ̨棬˵ˣȴû֮ǡ
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һƬסլûˣˮЩݺʬȫûƬ
ȻӰõԶЩȻֺķԤԺͬҲܹԾȣΣҪġ
˧˵ҲǸˡ
ˣ˧Ӱԭͬ־ھھء
Ŷôڻڻô
˵ǻѩֺͶġ
Ȼֺͦãǹȥȥ˵ţ˧һ¹ڣñӴϣߣ˳Ҳǰһӣ㲻֪ѽҰǲӰı顣
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Сѹˡ
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ݸݸ˧һһ飬ָһȦȦʺһȵʵЩʲô
׳Ļ߲˴սͦŴվֱӡ
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˧ЦЦսŵս󣬲ʵ֪߲˴ȥʱʵ飬á
ǵģΪڵĹǼܺ׷绯紵ɹױ࣬ӶѣԳɱܸߡ
ǺøһҲڷ紵⼣߰ˡ
Ҿãһҵ˺õ滻ϵĻַǺܿȡġ
սָָ߲˴ϵĸȦΨһǸȦĲˡ
˧ͷ
ʱǹ˲˵ģ⻭ҲֻһЩԷʽѩֺͶ𶼲ͬûǰףһҲֻһЩԼѡ
ս岻˼ЦЦ
Ϊʲôù˲ˣǹҲܶ⣬ûй˲˵ģοֻһССĸȦ

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æͣҲ˵˲ˣ˵ʱ乥˲ˣĿǰ˵˲ϡȱʵܸɻҲҶҸɰ֣ǻеļԱҲС̤һͬ£дĶ࣬ʵµ٣ⶼʵ
˧󣬿սһͻȻЦˣСͬ־ͦ˵
ս岻ɵͷָֻ˵˵ѡ
һֱ˧ߣս嶼е㵣Լ˵Ļ൹ǳ극˵ϻиᣬæǳţȻˣս˵˧ػû¶¹
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һߣ˳ǵ廪Ȼͬսֳ𾪵ˣ޷ÿֻ󣬲μûû˵Ļ飬ڻҺϡ
ԣ˱棬ֱӸŲȥһߡ
ǰͷĲӡ
Ƭܶұٵ棬ܶߣЩصҲһˡ
һ̨л㱵Ĵҳ
Դӵ˷˳Ǻһֱû˯һ̨һ̨ȻǸ򣬵ƼҲһЩ崴˿ڷϵС
ɾСҲܲסһ̨һ̨
ۡ
翿һѵϾͱ۾
ʱѾ˳ãȻΧ
ˣȿˮɡ
廪ˣæСܹԼˮšݵߡ
廪ʲôʱģ
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˰ˣ̫ˣ裬ô˵ڻܼ״̬ǲ뿪ġ
˵Ǵ̫ˣҾˡ
ʱĴԸ⵽ǰֻһҲǺܴ
һģ˿ء˵ţһܣͿԶھ̧¥ˣָָƣæžء
¥˳̧汧һСŮ
СŮѪһֱûˡ
ֺ˿ˮͼææĸȺҽ񣬵ȥ󣬸ղʩȵļ˲վԭش˼ȴһľԮ
ã廪㸺𱣻ҽô
廪ߵָǸʵ
ת˿廪ϵѿڴ˸񣺡׳Ǹӵ𱣻ҽ
ӵ
֣廪һ¡
ȻųɵʣʣºӴô
ӵҲסˣǡ
ºӴס˽ʮꡣ廪֣Ĺº͵Цֻʱһ˶̫ҽӽǶѡ
ӵһ֪ôˡ
ҺͳˣºӴǺ˽⡣ҲֻôεĻӦһ䡣
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ˣ廪ʡ
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˻żҳҽﻹСŮĿ
ۿ϶۵ģһ첲ûˣʲôֹֻѪȻ취͵ҽԺȥרҵƴĲ࣬Ժܿ죬СŮͱ˻ˡ
ƣ߳廪ߣϡ
ˣ廪ִˮ͵ߣֺˡ
ãǾƣ롣
ǵǰߵҽûоƣġ
廪ԸӵЦЦܵĸס
ӵ۾ƺû뵽ǾȻĹϵ
ԸӵϤֻǵͷתͷ廪ˣô죿
չء
Ҳ֪ҪԮãε֮ǰȥУҵԸ
廪Цҡҡͷģ¿£ûôġ
ĸ̸ݸӵ˸ȫĽֻϣӪҲϣܿٻؾǣҵս壬ٴαס
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Ϊߺ˵һֵԮҪʼˡ
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ӵС棬Щ۵ĵӰЩʲô
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48 ٱ

ڶ賿սͱȥ˾, һֱƻ죬ս֪, ս׷ݶˡ
ʱι, ͿƬµ, һߺһ߱źܡ
ûˣĴֱƬ˸첲
ǰսǵμμҴŽ, ԱߵھӸ˵, ֪սȥ
졣
ռ˶սĵѾϣʱ, ս嵽ˡ
ͦŴ, ߵСŸӵ, ƵС, ʮ档
壬һˡ
սһžĺմ󺣻𻨴к
ǡñſڣûתأ̲סڷ̣ӴǼҵĴæ˻ˣ桭û˵̵꣬ıͽӲϡ
ǡ
𻨵ı黬ˡ
սļŵˡ
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һıźӵĸ˸Цžͬ־ɡҶɩĶϱҲ˺Ӳá
ռûɶ, 𻨵һ˵, սʱ, ֪մ󺣺û֪ͨù̳ȥĹŮݣһ˶û
վԼƨµĵӸڵ
ллͬ־ˡһСʮòľܾˡ
⡭Ǹ˱źӣСơ
СѾĿջȥĿбӵĿǰûε˻ȥ
ɩأҿӡսɲʲô飬ֱš
ء𻨵֮ǰࡣ
ҽȥɩ
˵꣬սͳȥˡ
Сתͷȥ档
Сһǡתš
ѽŮҶɩһס𻨣ָССʵ
ǡ𻨵ﻹЩա
սų̫һӶá
ǡҶɩʱ۾һ
յСߣͬ־ǡ
ͬ־ľԱСЦЦشıȽͳ
Ҷɩ֪սաΡСһ˵ʱˡ
룬Թԣ޵ĵɶ˼Ұ˻оԱ
ϱô
ҪҪӸܸ
иŮʮˣرˮ顭
սӷʱ򣬾ͿΧСϣС϶ģһмܲסӣսˣȵ̿
˵裬СѾˣûµŮԵۼҹŮֵǮս⻰һ㶼û
ʱеҲסٿ
㿴ɩˣҲ˺սͻæʵ
˯ˣûš
սҲ˵Щ˯˾ֱӳˡ

ɣͷг˼ţǣһΪء
ôܲأǴϲ£˵ɶһˡ˵ţתкСϣСϣ죬Ҹë߸
СæëߴӰ﷭ɫģرʺС
һôһ£һ߿㣬ɽޣůͻˡ
𻨽ӹëߣüôɫ
ɫʺСﴩռһͷһѾͷءսЦЦ
֪٣ɫ
Ҫ߶࣬϶߸ԺãⷴǵˣëߵŴһݸ𻨣ߵ˭Ͳˡ
ɩӣȳȥˡСϽĶȥˣС˵
á
սͷ
ҲСϵľȡ
ʱ䣬һֱΧս˵ﻰżҵϢûкСӣŮܣսǸˮ©ģôǲ͸¶һ˿
ԽԽࡣ𻨱Թ
ء
𻨲ɵӣֻǱʱԹɱ˫ۣȺսˣҲˣżôãͷ룬ŷԼǸɵӡ
Ҫͬս̳ȥսܵһƬլأñƭõƵģˣѻסÿϱɫ
˵ս˻ռҵĹŮʱҪæʲôģҲÿڣۿżԽԽã˭Ҳ˵׼δǸʲô⾰
ڵսùϵأ˵ԺܿһԣԲ˰ϵŪˡ
跭˸ۣ˵ҲǴôѹӹ̳ȥأ
𻨣
Ҳ֪Լڿɲͺô
ֹ˴ԼСʱսıǿˡ
˴ſڣͿվıֱС˵ûԳŵƵʱƽʱ˺ܶ࣬Զָָġ
սıһۣȻͷš
ոкսһкս˵һ㶼ƫģɲ֪ΪΣкսٿ׵ĸоȫкսôʵ⡣
ҿͷô¶
սĸ첲Сʵ
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԰ڡ
Ҳ֪˭
ߡһֱǿȥˡ
ıһʱģΪԵ²̨ԵʣֱȥʦȥˣǼɨľ˵ü˼ǰĽ̸ԵóĬࡣ
ս֮ǰֳ˲£ҲûĶ٣զզģһȥ
Ϊٵԭ򣬺Ƕڷ棬ս岻ϡ˵ͽķ䣬ռС缸һ棬ֵŰӣԱߣĽĿŸܵĻƬ
ҸǴʲôö
սƿţ͸ԼBGM
ĻƬС缸һ㶣漴˷ܵСãСˡ
ǺսãŴСܹСķסսĸ첲Сеܵãҷ㵽
սһ˳£һָ곽㵽ͷȥС壬ѳĴ
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곽ЬûžС˳ȥ
һСһӶ곽ֽˡ
ɩӣСϽӷŵϣ򿪸ս忴һۡ
ԡսͷȻӴǮݸˣȥӪ緹ҲͷվţҴɩȥǰסϢϢ
Сæƾܣɩӣϻ׳Ǯء
սҲûǿ󣺡ǺãûŹŹҴһ룬ǸԼһһݺ⣬ʡǮ
GСϺܿͳȥˣٶȷǳ죬ıܿ˶Ĵڨ
СãʲôѽǹԴ޲Լ˫͸ۣǴﶼװЩʲô

սս廭ģٰġ
ۣ곽̰ѻƬˣֵߵߵԼһݾ͵ͷҫȥˡ
ԶԶĻ裬㲻Сø򣡡
Ҳ۾ðǣֱӲһͷ
ֵûֻ֣εս壬սֽһŵǰ֣һݣܵĻССû׼һݣҪ͵ܵ˵Ӵ
һ£飬۵ðСǣСãǸҵģ
ԡ
ллСáʱ˷ܵЦˣͲ֣µֱܳǽıš
սԴ
Ժû֮ǰֳƫģҲΪǰѡ
ͻȻǿͷܽС裬ҲҪ
УСôķݶսִӿڴһݸˣмĵӰƱ˴ȥ
Ӱǿ˷ܵļУ໣ӰھȥҴȥ
˵꣬һܳȥˡ
һս˽ս彫ӰƱ
磬Էʱˡ
ȸι̣ȻűźӴӷ緹ս͵ûؾˣſս屻жϣ˸ס
սˣսóӰƱ˵ҪǿӰ
Ʊսſʵ
ġ
ȥսʱһ䣺ܸʲôõӰ
ıüЩãոһȥս˵˵׽սһֱͺǴһûлᣬս˵ЩͲˡ
զһ˵ˣ㿴ǿӵʲôЩ飬ɥ־Ķսıôһǳ⣬ʱˣһǿ͸˺ˡ
ۡ
ǿԼ˺ˣʱҵ飬ҵ飬ۡ
ұ죬Щ鿴ʲôʱɼŪŪã㿴ѧĩſʮ֡սҲ۾ð𣬷·һҪƵġ
ı̻ǿúʲô
Сã㣬ۡǿһֱܳ˼š
սֱͷˡ
սæźȥ׷
ֻҲ飬۾˷䣬СķϣȻ裬ܿô
֣㻹СЩԺٿôҲսί񣺡Ǻúѧϰ
۵׵Ĺʱˡ
ͷ鱧ŽǰĦһ·档
սɲ֪ߺռҵս˾Ϳһ˵ӡ
̣ʲô¶ôţŻ˫ŵĲЬ
׼ƤЬŽЬС˹šһЬһ˵廪Ǳ˵绰˵Ҫˡ
սһ㶣ȻҲŸˡ
ӵڣѾȥʮˣҪˡ
ǿãأҲһôս廪֮Ҳһš
Ӵû˵Ҳûʡ
ԶʱյԴӣϿϿ
̲Ųأ廪Ǿ֪ˣ˵ô϶û¶ġսæסĸ첲
æͷԶԶԣ˵Ķԡ
˵ţֺСߣȥʲôˣСȥ㡣
һߣͨ绰廪»صǰߣҵ磺裬ҸүүϾҪȥˣҪһô
Ͽͷͷеɣʣ˿ˮ˳ȥҡҡͷˣﻹһЩˣκòٸŴ󲿶һߣȻȥɣչ˺
á廪ͷ
ѾȰˣΪ֪ȰҲ
ˣҿӪƬһǵÿ춼Ҫԡһ߿ͷһ߻ĵ߶߶ģ֮ǰҿ϶ϻȥôҲͷһӡ
廪⻰еЦ
ˣ֣Ե²ŶΪһ㱻ģû뵽ƹˡ
һۣߡһ
ĸ˵Żأӵˡ
ҽʮˡ
ŶŶ
æһȻˮһߺһʮĲ첽ȥ
˵ؾˣӵ߹廪ļ
ʮĲսѾ˹ϵܺõսѡ
ţǸûȥˣϱء廪ŸӵЦЦأʲôʱؾ
һʱزȥߴһʱ䡣
ӵֲ̧˲ͷĺЩĽĿһˬ廪ôҲ벻ף̫ô廪ôһκġ
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ʱʱָ̱̿ɾˬģ¸һæ˺ܾãҲȺ۵ǸС
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ˣҵսһˣܵߵܿ˽ˣٹ죬ҽӦþȥҽԺǱˣҽԺﻷȽϺãԲҪҽ
ӵĿľϢ廪ϣȥ֮ǰġ
Ǿͺá
廪Ȼ˲٣Цݶ͸¶á
ϰ˵ң󿨳˹Լһӳˡ
жӣȻֽĿʼ֧񣬺ܿͰӪկӵ˸٣ź廪ȥ˲Ǳߡ
ӪǱ߸ոɢ˶ӣӵ̺
ţǺü˹
Ӫʱôһ
ίͰ͵ĿŸӵĺƵġ
ӵεЦЦʱҸպõᣬҲȥ϶飬ֱǰˣҲϺ´ǹô
Ǽܹ˶ûأҪǸӪڵĻ϶ܹСԹ
˴󴺣ƽʯ֡ӵͻȻһ壬ǰ˵ֶһ顣
˲վֱ壬׼ľˡ
ҪҪԹ
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ӵĵͷˣǼȻˣͺú񣬲¿಻ۡ
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Ӧ󣬼˲ŶһۣԼԴӣЦˡ
廪վڸӵһֱû˵ȸӵѵ껰ſڣʯ֡
ʯ̳廪һۡ
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ǺǮɡ
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򡣡
򣿡ʯͻȻ۾һɣʶ´廪ǡġ򣿡
廪ͷǻͷһؼأû뵽Ȼ
ʯֶʱͷƤЩ˼ЦһҽʱڲӣûܸϵĻȥ
ӣɱˣһ¡廪һ䡣
ʯֶʱ˵۾
ҽϲ͵ľӾͺãҲ֪ʲôãǸӪҵĽ顣˵ţ廪ߣҽôˣд˵ҽ㻳ˣ˫̥
ţҪ٣˵ȥܿ
ʯ̵ͷУ˼ٻȥҽ㻹ǡ
ˣ˼ë£Ҫ֪㣬Ҿ͸ˡ廪뵽ս˲ëߣ˸ӣгʯֶ˼ë£æ
ҽ㻹Ҵëš
ʯЩɬЦЦҽҿá
Խûʲôӡͬĸģ˶ʮ׽ŲʣĮû뵽·ϵý㵹ǰ
ܵܣö˭ã
ԺҲСá
ˣẰˣѧ·
ģǿ̫ˣҸҪ֪˵ö˰

ӵ˼ҽСӵĹϵĵ̲סĽǵã֪ģԺ֪ˣҲú˸úദС
㽣ڶһ磬ӵͳʯһ廪
Сӣǰôû˵㻹и㡣ȥ·ϣӵĳʯֵļ
Ҹɽ㣬׽㣬ҰϵĸŮ
ʯֶŸӵЦЦ˼̣ˣӪҽˣҹʱȥ㶫˵Щɶأ
ӵ⡭
ҲûأҲ֪Щʲô
ʯ˲ɥҲ֪ЩʲôǰСڶˣȥҲø㶫С
ڿѯĶûˣʯ̾˿һȥʺӪɣˡ˵꣬Ƴ˸ӵһۡ
ӵܾԼ񱻱ˡ
ӷ˳ǵǵ·Ҫ߸Сʱ廪࣬Ѿص˾ˣصңǸϽԷ
廪һͷһ⡣
˻սȹˡ
ԱˣĶӣ˿̹
Ҫû¶˯ʮŶû˯ݾˡôôۣͷʱ˲ǰЩ껹³˼࣬Ӳʣӹǵˣ廪͸˵ˣڳʱȥ³Կ࣬ܳô߸ߴѾܲˡ
ţû¡廪ȿڰģ˯һ
ĵͷȻĿ⿴
׼̬ͿԼ첽ͷ˽׳̸Ӣɿˡ
ʲô
͵վ̽Ϳۿæñӵݸ
ñһߣȥȥ
̸ӢھѶѾ˽һˡ
һҪӵģ׼жͷЩڵضɽҡѸٵĽѶҸΧվڴڣĿŴ⣬˵ˣӬɲȥ
Щӣıȥȥˣ̸Ӣ˼ֻ翪ˡ
Ҳ֪ǹĻ©֮Ѷӳˣɻûͱסˣһһǹȹǡ
ҽȥȥˣ죬иҽӾҽԺרȡӵ
һĥ̸ֱӢ̬ĳףǾɿˡ
ȥʱ̸Ӣϣݣɫ԰ףڣźû˯þƵġ
Ų豭豭ˮǶҺõˮԲκԲеĻᡣ
ʮǰҸ׺Ҵ󲮸ҵĸȥ˶԰ĸΪˣʵ޷;棬˹ڣҸ뿪ĸײŷֶ˺ӣǾңҺ󣬾ʹһ˶ͥǰ꣬ĸ׹ҵңһ⸸׸ĸ׵šдţĸȥ԰ĸѾˡ
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ԴһֱôĮ顣
Ѧᡣ
̸ӢͻȻڣڵͫͻȻվڴڵ¶һ˿ЦҵѦᡣ
ɤӣһߣңһɣɷѾ߷
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룬ΣȥˣԸӵġ
Ҿе㲻̫ԡѦɸͷ£͸о˵Դסˡ
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ѦЦһָͷûСľ˯ˣֻǶû˯š
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ǰ·۷ؼңд̨Ĺţų˼˺ðΣɫѿųȥ˾֡
ҾٱҵѦᣬ񡣡

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Ѧڰ칫ﱻֱӴߵġ
Ǳ߽ӵٱ, û˵ֱӴ绰֪ͨ˾Ǳ̵˴Լһ˹, ϢĴ뿪˸
Ѧᱻ, ˫ĿɵϴҪȴ޷
Ѻ˾ͷϱڲϣԱߵҲ֪ʲôӺһӾȥ
Ǳߵ˳ôʻϵСѯʡ
೤, ʮǰѾȥˡոѦͬСĻص
ǳ׼ץʱͻȻ绰, ˵ǾǱ˾ٱԼӿ, ٱ̸Ӣ, ܱܿ߷Ǹ
һ࣬һȥִȥһʵʩץ
ûװ, Ǵı, ǲҪݾ, ˸ڳİ, ߵĶû˾С, Ѧȥ˾

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ץŸֱʣĵ̾˿գҲ̲סһҵֱߵֽ
ѦᱻѶҡ
ĴѦãһѶѦ󣬸£ûأˡ
룬һķʼǱ¼
ڵϣߵСĬȥֽסѶ̡


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˺ܿ˳ȥҲ֪ȥҶĵоȥˡ
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˵ЦһڿǾְ𣬶ǶԸвͬĿİɡ
˶ĻûʲôӦԱߵļ¼Աְļ¼š
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Ѿü겻ѦϵˣֵŸӣŶӼ޸̸˼ܵܣ׵ʱ̸˵ˣֻҪʮϸͿԽߣʱϲͰѼеϸƸ񡣡
Ѧʱ򣬴ֻĲŹȥûꡣ
ʳӦ٣ټʳӦ߬ʱѾȥˣǸڷĴСӣÿѧǵԼľֻʮͽӣ廪ǸԼĸĸȥҽԺԷֻһҺࡣ
ѺóԵĶܿСʱûйﲻ޵ҹɫŷйܲ
ҲʱѦᣬһ챻Ůˡ
·¶꣬һײһ𣬺ѦΪ˯һû취ֻףѦҪĲֻ࣬Ҫʮϸ
֪ѦݺͻɣѦܿǶ԰ˡ
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սһ̲סס챳ȥŻһ
֪أô࣬ǳˡ߹սſߣζûôأս忿ſϣʱ˲١
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˫ĿȻĶ࿴˺һͻȻһͣϣϳǹ̸̸顣

ǼҺǼûϵˣ̸ʲô̸͵Ťͷ̶ʵ
ϱп񣬶ҡܹң֤ɵġ˵仰ʱֻôڵƣһ䣬˻ȥ̧סԼԴ
Ѿ׼ӭЪ˹
ԴȥֻҪἰϴһңǲǵġ
أɵ㣬ô
û뵽ǣȻһƽĿ
֣Ŀȥ
ͻȻڽá
˵꣬תͽ˳
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ȫ׳ԼӵĲˣ׳Щ˵ЦЦʳ
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һֱ˵үүƫĶǣôԼжƫġ
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ǲصĴϱ

50 

ձΰһ仰ŪĻŲѡ
ڿ, ŷ·Ȼѣææȥʵ֣ɽϼҵݴŵ籨, 籨ֻĺ뻹С硯֡
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ǰBһ㶼ڿҽõĶ࣬Ƶҽٻãˣװ¿BBҾͱҽˡ
ֳɵĽѧս壬ôһ±Ƶ˴
20 ˫̥
籨仰󣬾ͿʼսBҽҲһΧߡ
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𿪣ûõļһ
һĿ·廪սºޱȵЦٳԵûʿѶԺƤŻġ

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սĶÿ϶лʿ
ǰҽԺûģҪ󣬾˵ָֹܰ´ԺȥҽԺӵģоһˡ
սüͷͷ
ոͳʯֵĶԻҲЩ
裬˵ôͻȻԼӳҲû磬ǵãǰɩ˺ûаСʱӾͰġ
Ժеġ
̾˿ˮϴֺӽӵֺһ飺ǹҵķϵȫǹ⻹ǺܽȫģϧڲͨˣĻдһЩˡ
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ⶫֻҪð˾ͺϨ
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սûǴĻʼռ磬ǾԺ¶ˣô֮ǰЩӣʱܸȾΣС
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ʯֿŮӣӦСϻСһģһ͵һѱ𶵶ҵȻȻͻŵܳȥˡ

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ӵоԼ˫ȷ·ԼĿơ
֪˿Լݣװս岻ʶӣɵףĵ׵ĳ嶯ѹǣŽݣȻͿǮŴСģǰЩʱСްһļıȽϴŴ·ˡ
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һԼ׽廪ʯ־;úŰ
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廪һֱ˯Ժֵ︡ĶǸӵ˫۾
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廪һھǻʮ㣺ǰҲºӴֻʱȽϷգûܺ棬ĻӦܹʶ˰ɡ

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ǡסһģ
廪ôһ˵, ӵ뵽סߵһȺ·Ÿˡ
廪ͷԡ
ӵŵĿ廪Ҫ֪űҲżʱ䣬ǵ֮ǰ, סһƬģɶ˱֮ţ
ƽ, ϰ, ǵĳɷҲġ
Ϊʲô
Ϊʲôսɼ޸ţĳϾ, ҲԸ޸
ӵֱ˴ߣɫһӱرѿ
ǲǺ֣Ϊʲô޸ң廪ӵɫˣֱͦı˵㣺Ͼ׵ʱѾǸӪˡ
ӵЩǱƲԴܾԼ˼廪͸ˡ
ʵûҪô, , Ͳܾˡ
Ϊسǣ
ӵҲķܾãʱս޸ġ
ȷʵسǣҲĲ޸㡣
廪ĵ, ˵ĻȴڲͣĴŸӵ
Ϊʲô
ӵһĵʳ֡
ܾò, ս岻ӦԵ޷ֵģǱʶҪɻ, ȴԼûȥ, ۵, սڶѾˡ
ϲºӴ塣
廪ӵȻû˵, Ҳûʲô, ȴ, ĸ˽
ºӴ˵, جһĹȥ
֪ˡ
ӵӣ̧ɬ۾
۾˵ʵֻ΢е㲻Ķѡ
ˣ֪ʱ򣬾ͼ޸˱ˡ
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廪һĵͷȴڷ
ⲻ˸ӵϲ˼ңȴױַܺ·ͷڹƵ˻ȥĻǱֻܾҪ϶ˣͲ׵ķ֡
극廪˿ϵĲˡ
Ӫ湩Ӧʵĺ㣬һ㣬廪ŸоУæʯȥһŴؼҸսԡ
ʱΪ̺ӣ˲٣ȴûôԹ
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廪뿪󣬳ʯֲŵǵĿһ۸ӵСʵû°ɣҸոտ㶼ûԼڡ
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ӵҡҡͷӣĵ׵ǹɬѹȥָֻƽʱһӡ
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װͷΧΧȹСæЦٳ˾ͿԿˡ
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սˣСϹҲûƴǣӶֺԼĸ첲ԽԽˣɲܳˣҺ춼Ҫϰ࣬һ˿᲻̰
۲ۡ
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ҲòʮĺӾͳɻѽսüͷǽš
ʮĺӸɻĶˣЩӣĸССľͳˣֻǰɣҾ˻ǵöģ
Сʱ򣬼ҾܺãԶ˲飬Ǻ˲ӵʿȥˡ
ռ޸ʱҲôϰ߲һЩϰߣӹˣŸ˲٣ɾڣʱ򻹻߶Ļë
ͬǣļӶ洫ĸ߳ǳк
ݲͬҲ廪ϡ
廪£ؤƵĽʮ꣬صҲܺܺõ
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ˣ˵ˣȺӹû¶ҽֶӣкǣԷɣСϰѺӷԱߵСȥȥ
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Ҷˣӵɲˡ
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ս巭˸ۣعͷױ̨ЦЦĿ廪ԵӵףֳϲǰǸСս壬ɲҡ
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ʱϹϴЦݣһ˫۾սϣЩ󣬺˵Ȼıֻ֪
սˣҲýͣɴƿ˴ӵһߡ
廪͸ӵһûеġ
ٺȥңҲûϹӵ
ʱĺܿ죬һ۵Ĺ򣬾ֵףǶ·ݹ꣬˫̥ʮһ·ģʱҲнˡ
ԽԽ֣ҲԽԽÿ
սԵĺãˮȻãĺҲȻá
Ƽ̵ĶӽСμҰŴӣȻѾʮˣȴЩС̫˵üսˣҲֻǺһӣͷɿˡ
¶ʮ죬ٴ֯ӰսıĵӰЩʲôĶѩƪ
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ΪԤӰ÷˳˺ܶ࣬һղ֪ĸ߲ȴǶ֪ġ
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ڶ죬Ȼزӱɣ˺÷ңڼ䣬˸ڵھҪɱɣĹʳҲΧΪһٳԵģֵòɿ
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ڲϿӰСŮ䵱ӳԱʮһ𿴵Ӱģмչ˲˵СʿǶվſڣʱȥ
ȵӰڷˣǲ˲Ӱĺð
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ʱҾ룬ܼǹЩѧңѧҵĻǲܴǱ߻øרҵ֪ʶأһѰҺȴ֣ûа취ǣ˵Ҳ֪ǹǷǵĴڡս忴үӣҺʹҵʱ֣ǹôˣ
Ȼֿʼ˼ԼɨäΪʲô
˵սЦҡҡͷͻȻҴˣɨäǲģһҪЩȥ飬ȥѧϰ֪ʶҾڵӰôˣûЧҾˡ
ǿɲǾ
սɫ˱䣬ЦһкмͥҲҡ
ԺᣬҲң
ҵȻҡ
ս۾͵𣺡ҲңһʷҽʳֹաҪҵҵĵӰЩеĶΪǹҵƬء
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뷨ܺѽүӳһ, ս˾֣ҳûϵɡ
ûУɡ
սæҡҡͷ
С˵˺ӣζġô˵, үӻʮȻĵȼ, СŮĻ, ѹû, રળ̣Ҽǵã㵱СεĻҸֵġ
ԡ
ڻһ̥
ǡսͷҲ֪զ, үͻȻҳˡ
СҲܴ, ǵĺӲúý, Ժɶ, Ϊס
һúý̵, ֻǡս˵̾˿ֻҵĺӺúý̵ʲôأĺӲܵõõĽ֪ôԴ̥Һɷȥϰ࣬һ˴Ӳ㣬Ҹ˰æݼ, ȴǸʮĺ, öͣȴѾʼΪͥ, ҿʮʹġ
үӳ, , ̧̧֣˵
Һӵ츳ǲͬ, ҵ츳ڻд, ҵɷ츳ҵĺӸóѧóģҺɷ޷κΰôأѵҪĥǵ츳Ǳƽӹô
˵ôأ
ȻǴѧ
ս˵ֵѹˣ˵ףǺµġ
ָ߿ŴѧʵѧѧܹõõĽ˵䲻ģΪ׵ĿѧңͶСˣҵϲ㣬ҪעʵѪٿѵҪЩƼϴѧĹũѧô
үû˵ֻڲͣĳ̡
ս彫Լ˵Ļ˵ˣͿʼװȣһʱ䣬ﰲˡ
˺һүӲŷ·͵ػ񣺡ˣ֪뷨ˡ
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Ҫһ仰԰꣬ĪҪ֮Щ鲻ǲȥʱѡ
仰սɫĵ˵ͷ
ȥúûɡ
¥ֱˣս̲ס˿
˵Ժˬѹĺô󣬸ﶼŵòС
ŻȥͷȺ˻ȥ
ΪֻÿյҽԺŵĲ˾Ͷһ죬ټϸչ꣬Щݰ˼ңҲ׾
رæ
һҪעⱣůѾˣҪӾ͵Լע⡣
һ߿ҩһĶš
ԱߵĲСһ԰׵ӣô˵ּææʵǣ·ϴ
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ͷҲû̧ļ˵ˣһ¾ͲҪˣҩأˣкˡ
GG
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ȥ󣬺һȿˮʱ䶼ûУͿʼ
սһԲĽţ˸ŷ֣ȻиСææģһˮһϸģźϲ
һֱæ磬˲Щ
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ս忴ıӰֿ磺ҽԺĻʿôû״Ӱ
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ҡҡͷǰ׳ҵŮϻġ
ͷֺڲ裬ս廹ЩãȻż͵̵սѣ֪İɣǰʱǸǰͷǸΨһŮ׳ǰ̵ʱڼﶨףδ޻кƷģһȥˡ
ʵȥξˣջȥִﶼˣΪ˶ˣֳȥˣһֱʮ֯Ľ½ˣŵʱŰ׳ǰдš
սֵͷôҵģ˵ûϵô
Ķǰ겻ڵô׳Լ¶͵͵˻ϼȥһˣԺҪǳ¶ͻϼˣϼҲŷ֣δޣ˸ӣһӶûټޣ˶ӣûˣֲãϱȢʮŵ˸СŮСŮûأ˾ûˡ
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ھأԼ벻һ⻰Ǻ廪սˡ
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þ˶ЩĻ̵̻ġ
ΰզüûˣǵҲûбðɻǰܶġ׳žƱȵЩģ˵Ҳˡ
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ʯ˵ʱȭͷ߬Ľģһ޲ôԼӡ
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Сףʯİ֣ʱãȻĿȥ
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ǸǱڵؽģȥʱڰҲΪֳĶҺ͸ӪѸҵǸݵġ
ʯ뵽ǰ쾭һУò˼顣
ԼʮǰӵͻȻ˵˻ɵĶǸһڵĹˣǳʯ־ͳŸˣһһڶûеҪʱ°ؼҵ·߱ˡ
ҸӵģԾҲûȥˣֱӸȥ
һֱӸ˽һũ塣
ʯֲҽȥֻڴţˣٽȥƣ콥˿ʼٵʱ׼жն˶ӣͱס졣
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çײҪ壬ðŷչס
Ҫ⣬컹ţж
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ٺٺ٣˵һе
죬ֻĲ֪ҪǱͷ֪ڸ鱨ͬʱˣǶ
ðɣϵĳҺȥϴأ
ңȥϰࡣ

̸ͷɫԽԽء
󡮸鱨ֵʱ˵϶ɭɭĺ
Ѹٵƶսƻ
ɸӵնʯǹں棬һãֱӻС
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ӵˣʯһǹ˵ϥǡ
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Ϊǹ죬˴ˣҲΪǹ죬ٶȣֱӱŽ˾ҽԺ
һǹǴ˸첲ɲ֪ΪʲôԴӸӪ֮󣬾Ҳûѹ
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廪ȾˣȦҲе졣
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ܿġ
սʷ˵˽ʷܹڸ߿ǰЩѧǵȥܳ䶨ɡ
⡣
ڰ󣬱

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廪սԼһȥҽԺ̽
°һû, ֱӴӳȥ˾ҽԺ
ţͿСƳǡ
裿ôˣҲˡ
սһӹŮ̾˹, ཱུС, Ҳ֪ǲҪ, еˮ, һսСȸƵģͣŸ첲
ﻹ߶ţۡۡˮֱս硣
սһ±Ƶı˸ţ̧Ӳ, ͷվߵ廪СѾͷոǲǺְˣ
廪һĵͷ񡣡
Ķ, 㺰ˣôɲ˵˺Ƿ, ´, һƣӣȻ˾ͰѺӴ߰, ̨ʸˣȥһȥ
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ӵТȻܾһϢҵķߡ
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ˣҲˡЬϴ, ͱ۾, ַܵĻ˻ӡ
սҴҴ, Ȼ廪š
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ʯûսĽӲ˵ͷӦõġ
ˣĸףû˹ô
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սҲûųʯ֣ϾιҲ֪ûġ
ҪˣԴϲҪûģгʯԱ߶ţҲһ¸Ϊ
ǽ⼸컹ٹɡ
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зִ磬ҲǣҪעϢʱǸӪˣ㷴ǲˡ
ĵĹػʯֲ˼΢죬ץץԴ֪ˣ㣬ŵˣпȥ裬ڼ߶ǡ
˵軹ңӻȥ
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һߣսͳʯ˵˼仰ֺ˼ӵ֡
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廪ͻȻתսͷҪǲ͸ĻǻǸϽ뿪ɡ
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սҲɻֱӲӴԱ߼˽ȥ嵽ǰͿһűı׵С̱ڰ׳Ļ׳ͣУĻڡ
ս߹ȥֱסӣҲȥĻڡ
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Сףˣˡ
Сգգ۾һûԵĻһܣͻȻЩѰ۾͵Ϸһ£ҽæı԰׷ɫŽ
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ˣˣҲˣǻûسء
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廪ЦЦ绹ϰء
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ԴʼͶ֪࣬ȥβس̽׺󣬾ͲԸٻȥˣǶſ˴еһοָܿϹˣֱӻسǣ㿼ϣҲڳﵱäҲԸٻũֵء
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Զ󿪵С˿ƣΪ
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Ҫ֪ǰפǴηˮ˿ɱȷ˳Ǵˣȥ֣ۿ˼ʱ룬ҪôһӰǲǾͲôˡ
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µףڻ꣬͵ȥӡ͵Ƭȥ
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ģеѾˣǰսɵķҲǡ
廪ı˫ֲͣĲţã̫ˣڻˡ
мѾˣս߬廪ĸ첲ʵ

ǻʲôǸϽȥõϵģԵõ֮ģҲȥæʰʰս˳תȦȦܴͣȥĶ
廪ӣ̵ֻġ
̲סٴνıס㿴һ
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߿Ҫָˣ
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սֱֽ̿ʾͿʼܱʼ顣
廪룬ҲŵӣóֽҲдš
д˭
սһдһʵ
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廪д˸̧ͷܡ
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սı΢΢һ١
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սһдֽŰݣָһ׸пαڶȥʾ廪Ƿһ˳ȥŰʵʵģս̲סЦЦ
ðδԽԽõġ
ţսһ̲ͣĻȥϰࡣ
ȵ磬ѾϰԵİսˣսһ߿ͷһ߽ѧϰҪϵˣҸǵ⣬һҪ
ͰһۣӶԷ￴
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۾һ־̲סĻ˻ΣǲʣǺ޲ñһݺݵıQ²̹
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Ҵ޿ܽһ߬סսĸ첲˵ǸƵҽô
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⣬Ƕ֮ˣ޹˵ĶԹǨŭӣңǲ֪ʶԼģ˵ŸɶһҽԺйϵͨμҶҪƣҲĶˡ
ǳɹˣ˶ţܲæ
ڳϿգǾ֮ˡ
İɣҽṫƽĶԴÿһˡսʮֲĵİһ䣬ȻͿһʯͷûѪɫˣǻҪﳳô
ΰͷһۣʱɫѿ
³סյӣֱӽ˺Լظʻ

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Ҿ̵Ŀֿΰ죬ƺҪ˵Щʲôȴһ
ƽʱɵΰ˿ȴ࣬ʮֵĿɿ
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˼ֱӾͿˡ
ûǸӣ廪һ˵ǻе쵼ĹŮͰͽˣҲսϲڴĨᡣ
ܱܲ졣ս̲סĺûеӣĹҪǰֵĹҪ
ս뵽μǱĿˣһĿžƲ̲סķġ
Ҫ㣬ַܺôƵίԱƾɶĹ
û뵽սȻҺ۾һɣðսսַˣҺƴˡ
˵꣬һš
սĿ廪ܿ˯ȥˡ
ʮһ·һգۼͺʮ·ݡ
ʮʮһգ߿
սĹʮһµ׾Ѿ˽ӹȥˣ⼸ڼʱţȫĸϰϰǽһʳ඼᲻ãֱӴӾᵽСԺչ˿˳ӡ
⼸죬϶᲻ǴӣֱԼ˯ˡ
廪Сѵ˶硣
ڵ˸߿죬ر䣬˸ն߶´·żˮƿ·ůӣȻСϿȥ
ˣ̣Լȥˡ
Уô䣬Լг˿ô죿
ǿ£ֻСϵĳſԹȥȥԡ
Ͽġ
սڽǰˮƿŻ˳Ȼֽ˽ҡ
ĿرѣǺʱʱɫдµʱսҲΰķȥдʮֵĴȻԼԹҵļֱͻʡ
дʱʱѾȥ˴롣
ս忪ʼ飬ȿͿԺţȷʵдԺ󣬲ֿʼ𰸡
ȼһ⣬ԽҲǡ
˾ս˿߳˽ţȻͺڸڿԵ廪˸ۣվȺһЦȻ󶼱տڲ̸ԣ翿˳ȥ
ʱ򣬻ؼҳ緹ս廹˯˸廪һ硣
˿ʱ䣬˲ϳȥ
ɻͬһλá
Ծսһ
ûдһ⣬һߴִ֣ˣǰ漸ҲˣȻֱӿʼ⡣
ļ࿼ʦڽصⲽš
սдĲ죬Ҳܿд֮һ⣬е䣬±ʣֿʼ֣˼дΪֲӲԵʣѧдرˬžһ壬ƽ˱Ƶġ
ȿѧһεĺ廪Уߡ
ô廪ʡ
ãøϰĶϰˡսЦЦ۵̲סĿġ
ǰ⣬أ
ôܲأ
Ǿͺá
˳廪̲סı˱Ŷڲ
⣬ʵȴ˭
Ҳ֪ºӴǱôˣЩ֪ܲܿϴѧ
ֻҪǺúøϰ޿ܡ
廪ͷ̲סȥĶ䣬˵
սġšһȻСϰȵʱ˲ַֿˡ
廪˵ģºӴǱߵ֪˻ϲ˳
߳Ƽں춼ЩȻһü֪ͬࡣ
Ƕдô֪̲סʵ
ںͷдˣͲ֪Բˣģ˵Ϲèϸӡ
⻰˵ģ֪Ҳ֪ĽãǸá
ƼеһûʲôգҲ֪Բԣһֱ˴鶼á
Ҳ֪ڿûС
Ƽһݽţһ̲ס̾ϢԴߺһֱ̤ʵҲ֪ܲܿ磬ɶǴŻġ
ء
ˣﶼܹĲġ

59 ־Ը

ڶ쿼κۡ
ǰ廪ص, Ӳ˵²Ǳ׼, Ҳɹأ۾͸˵, պЩӵ, ڵļ򵥶ˡ
쿼Կս峹׵ķ
վ
̨ϵļ࿼ʦ䵭˵, ͷѾԾվӺǰվˡ
սڵڶţյּһԼֺͿ, ȷ϶Ժ󣬲Ž, ȴվ, ܿ, ͷ˹, ӱˡ
ľҪ죬ǿԼһԼķѡԼѧУ
ʦǶ໰, ˵һЩ, ͽԾõ, ˿
ʦߺ, սҲ׼Һ廪ϣߵſ, Ա߽ﴫɧ, 廪Ǹ, սȥ, ȴԼӵֻߡ
ȵ˴, ˿Цģܼ
ս˸Сֱ̳ȥվţԷ廪һۿ
ͬ־ͻȻԱߴһɵ
սͷͿһԲԲЩ죬ȴ벻Ǵ￴ˡ
ͬ־ãǹǿСⰡǼġս忴ԼС̼ĽԼ˵ǲǰˣȴɼǵãڰٻ̳ʱǿ˵ԺԼһãڰٻ̳ʱʱһû͹ǿء
ŶԭѽС⣬ǡ֪ҲμӸ߿սҲ˭ˡ
ǰ˵ҪԿܿϴѧãϴѧܼȥμӹС⺩ЦһѧУĴţ˵ǿʱй⡣
ڳԵĿʽ˺Ӧҵ
սȥı٣ǿٳԵĶࡣ
ϾѵãڣĹ˽ӽͣÿųʱûоԵİյĻǾԲҴǹרĿԵġ
˵ǡսЦЦͬ˵
ΪԵԵʣս崩ר׼ĺްȡźĺͷټվĸߣ˵СԶԶľͿˡ
æˮƿ˳ܹȥ
ɩӣˮƿСϽˮƿݹȥ
лл㰡СϣаŶˡսӹˮƿͱ˻ůڵˮƿһůĻ
θ绹ûôСϿ˿Уţɻʵ
ҳʱǿ¶Ҫû¶ȥҿȥůͳĵӵ䣬̲סĴµ˵
Сսô˵ĵͷͽѧУ
СڸոСϹʱͱ죬ϾСϻžװСˣ̲סʵĵܵô
ǣľԱսҡҡͷ
Ա
Сָ߬߬ҪûǴĻⲻǲ׳ǲеô
ʱС⿴սˡ
СѾĿʼһս׽ս弸һ۾Ϳ͸ȻûʲôӦСɥʱͻȻߵĹǿæֳ̧Źǿ֣ǿ硣
ǿҲأͳ߿˹
ܹˣŷֺСվһľȻս壬̴кþò֪Ҳô
šսͷŹǿ˹þò֪ࡣ
ǿ磬֪ͳˣôڲųСæʵ
ڿиˣǶ취ҧͷǿִ̧걻紵ľţ̾˿̫ˣŻ᷸
СһҲúܿ¡
̲ס죺ˣԣⲻԼô
ۿǿÿ츴ϰģȻ֪Ƕô۵һ¡
սԣž廪ǿ¶ȻĻ廪Ӧòڵڶû
ˣ֪ºӴͬ־ϵôǿս廹ߣԼҲȷʵ׽ֻһ졣
иƼںдţҲĹϰϡ
ȷʵսȤϾǵãƼϲǿģ֪ԺǿƾܾƼɶƼչȴܾĲף˵ʱһֱŹǿȻᵽƼʱ򣬹ǿһ¡
ôǽҲҪμӸ߿ô
ǰں㣬ѧϰܺõģ϶ܿóɼ
ǿЦЦϣ֪Ժͬ־ǣǰ;ƽܿϴѧղŵһһš

˵Żأ廪ѧУܳ죬ǵȥҽԺ
ֻŹǿӵ˵ͷսķȥˣǿһ£ҲæСȥȵʱ򣬾ͿһСǰХսڸʻϣһĿź
ûǳƺѧУʦ
ǳ
ǿųӽнԶıӰȻͷС⣺ոպ֪Щʲô
ûУǺ˼䣬Ǹ֪ǲ򵥣ﻹоԱءСŨŨĽ
ǿ˺󣬵վ˺һ˵ȻȥɣڼҸõżˡ
šСʱӣպġ
һߣս廪Ŀ͵ҽԺ󣬸ʦææȥϵļˣҲʱԼֻҽԺš
˴ԼһСʱңļ˲ŵˡ
һЩϣȴʵķޣһס廪֣ţлл̫лˣĻǵĺӾҪˡ
ҵĹͣǸĿ廪æסɷĸ첲
Ƿһ࿼ǲԸԵģִֻҪϵĸ̲סĿ֪ϴѧ롭
벢ǻ£岻βС廪οš
˵Ķԡ
廪ǵȶһˣʵʱ鴤ﲡʷô
ûУˣӦǸ˾
廪룬ȷʵûп°ĭŲӣ˵ֻǷĳ鴤
ҡ˵ţǸֿʼ
廪ְ˼䣬Ƚչ˶ȥˣֻʣ˺廪š
һս֪ˣ˽֣֣ȥǸŮ˽ͩ˶ǸոƽĴѧʦȸ߿ǾҪصǰĹλϽȥˡ
ǽ̾õģҰǽӢġ֣ĶŵĶ廪ЦЦǶ廪ѧ飬δлʦ
廪ԣ̲סЦǾͽʦˡ
ֽ֣˲ʹȥĿɫ԰׵ڴϣƿţҺֱ֣еĸӿͩ۾һգգĿŶӣûпսɷ
ִһǲŴҽԺ뿪
ô°սɵĿ廪
ˣһֱֵԽŻ˹ȥҾǰ档廪ûǣľӸձߣ˾͵ˣһ鴤ӡ
߿ôúøϰٿ
廪ЦЦֻսе档
˭֪껹ûи߿
ս˵뷴Ժÿ궼и߿ģǣ֪δ廪֪ǻ̬ҲȻġ
ζҪץסһ߻ᡣ
²ˣҲԵġ
ȻصμСԺ廪Ƚ¸࣬౾Щżģ廪˵ԼΪȥҽԺֽżת˶Ǹĵǡ
ԾҲˡ
극ʱ̲סĸ̾߿
ǰ̣ʮû˾ĸ߿ˣοԵĿܶ࣬ǧľˡսһ߳Ŵͱһ̲ס˵
˾ˣԼС಻ǵĳɼ̫ѹ
廪ȴʮŵģ˿ࣺҺȥʦǱȥһˣǹһ·רҵɶġ
УֱȥæҴȥ
һ¶̾Ͱ̥Ÿߡ
Ҫˡ
ɶѽ˴ѧҾͰǴؾסȥСҲھϲˣͲ쿴ء
廪ЩΣԴӴƷǱ֪һҪסУͿʼϼƺӵȥˡ
սʮ᲻ӡ
ϾԴ𣬵ڣҲ͸߿ǰ˯ˣʱԴŵģһ뵽ѧһݲܼһΣս;ͷܼˡ
ܻҪȥѧ
Ŭøһõĳɳ
ʱĩҺ廪ֱȥ廪ȥսɴһˡ
ڶս廪һȥƷɼ
һΣƷǸ߿ĳˣȴĵģԿˣڼ׼̰׼꿪ѧѧϿΡ
廪սĵ⡣
ˣɡƷɴϻߣһд֣һкԼӣ廪ϱ
Gͷ
սæվʦĸ㰡˵űȥȥˡ
ͷҲҶӡ
ƷƽˣķҲˣ⼸ĹʶǼˣȽϿԣˮ׼ȻˣԵõģջǼ죬Ȼߵࡣ
СհĿôһߵˮһߺս庮š
Ҹϰ磬ԾûãЩϰʱ̵ģӦǱȽѵġսŶ˱ӣһķһ˵
Ǹѵʦ˵ˣοԵĿ࣬ѵĻµʱ¼ȡ̫࣬ѧղ¡˵ţ̾˿вٴѧûпȵ꣬ҪȽһ㡣
ʦĸҲʦôսЩɻĿ
ЦĶʦǰǸʿ廪ҽԺﵱʿġЦʮˬʣﻹʦҪȥҸ飬˵ĳɰҺò׼˸֪ʶӣ˵ɶץ˲С
⻰˵˵Цķʽ˵ģȴҲ͸¶Ƕôļ
ˣ廪˵ǵҲǱ֪࣬θ߿ǲμô
μˣǰʦ͸ǣζҪֹͣ׷֪ʶĽŲԼӣЦݡ
ǿϴѧһҲԲˡ
š
˽˷䣬廪űʸԼ֣սˣֳֽҲԼһ·֡
սæӹʼͷд⡣
ļܺãټƷɸֽԭĿģս忴ܿ˳һԾʱѾ͸ˡ
ƷɿʼģȻרŽģѧҲȹֲժ۾
ǵķܲϾǵĴѧӦûġ
ƷɺϾĿС˵Ƕרҵѡʲô뷨أ
ѡӢϵ
ս忴廪˵Լұϻи滭ɨäԼȻֺԤĿȴѧҵ󣬴鷽湤ĿԱȽϴ󣬲ɷϵǣǹⷽ沢죬ϻĵģѡӢϵ
ȷʵ鷽滹ǹȽǿǱߵҲȽ϶ࡣ
ƷɵͷͬսѡȻֽĿ⿴廪
廪Ҳѧսһ˵ѡϵ
㲻ѡϵƷ̲סü
ѡʵ˲ϲо
츳ܺá
廪̧̧֣ǸҵԸ⡣˵оԱӵԸ񲢲ʺоԺ̫࣬Ҳ˼̫࣬ûа취һо
ңҺʦѧ˺ܶණҲϵҲԺͲܼʦ˲ô
Ȼô˵Ʒɻǲˡ
δϵʦҪ廪ѡϵĻǻԼʦͽѡ񾭼ϵĻ
Ʒ̲סòϽ̾õʦ˰ɡ
ȷʵһ֪ǲһѧУġ
廪ЦЦ
ʱƷɸӵԹˡ
ȻѡδҪչķԭҲֻ־Ըˡ
˲ٲˣսԱ߰æڵ֪ս岻̫ĽĿ̾и
սεЦЦ
Ů˼ֱ̫ϡˣҲѹҪĸ̾
ǻģҲ˳廪Ʒ˻һƿƣûȶ࣬һ˺СѣȻؼҵʱ廪Ѿе΢ˡ
˼ңСϰŽ廪䣬ڴϺսȥˮ

廪ͻȻ׽סս󣺡ˡ
սһ£Ȼֳšëʲôɸ˵ģ
ҡԽԽˡ
Ӵѧǹѽս̲סļһȥ
һӽǿ֮
廪ʵûкֻӺͷ·ֿ˼ˣﲻֹͣţԺ㸺裬Ҹҷչ裬ǷЯͬС
黹ûأںŵǺͦġ
ˣЩ鰡õȵѧҵ˲Ⱥúѧϰɡ
˵öԣúѧϰ˵öԡ
廪ֹţ˯˹ȥ
ս̾˿̲סȥ廪
ʵ廪Ĺ̫˽⣬ͷЩҲ̫֪˵ģȴǶá
ȰңɴҪıҵı׶ˡ
ʱҲΪΪ˶ԸԲԸȽ˻Ժֻ֪һ̤ѣıǶΪױô򵥡
ԵɨäԼȻֺԤʱŻôİ
ս̾˿̲סͷĶͷ
ս廪ȥ־Ը˶廪ѧ
ֻһӢϵһľϵ
ս̲ס룬Ҫ廪ˡ

60 

58
־Ը, ֻҪĵĵȴ¼ȡ֪ͨˡ
Ϊͽ֯ĹӳȥˣսɴڼҼʼЩʲôˮƪ, һƪĹڷ֯ʱѾдˡ
ǽʼշĲ¸ĸ˫ɣԳ̽׵ʱȥѰȴ֪, ɣүүȥѾһԺĵ֪, Ѿɣ˳ǡ
һ˵֪س, ǡԼϼңǾ̤ϵĻ·
ڻϵʱ򣬽ߵĳ˿˵ˮ, Ѿ˲, ΪϼǺƵĵضΣεһܴΪˮվĸް, ڷˮʱԵ׽⣬Ϊѹй, εİǷֵεΣա
ȻĵǶԵģص, ˮλѾΣߡ
Ǳһҹ, ˮλͻΣߣϰʼûũ, ׯ, ˼ҽԼҵó, ʳ˽ȥΪЩʳӤֻܼѵıסĸĲĻᡣ
ˮˡ
ţسǡʡǶˣӵܱӪ֣ϢûĽϾװҵ쵼ʼЩһ֣ҵɣʱɣĸãȦģޱȡ
ְΪҺãˮˡɣˡ
ССȴ̫𣬿һޱġ
ɣðú˺ֿʼȥ֡
־ɳǣ֡ӵܱĿںţѪ֮ϰվ˳Ҳס˵̰ӵȱڣһæˣöʿˡ
۶Σգӵܱİ£ܰȻȹ
ӵܱͺıʱʱ̵̿ıƲȫɣñӵ岮ˡ
󡭡
սǰ˼С
ôˣˣ廪սð춼ûʣЩֵʵ
սҡҡͷûʲôֻǡ
ͷûþڽβʱ򣬸ô
Ҫҵİô廪飬ߵսһֳأ΢΢ӣһȥսĲݸ塣
˵ģҵǿܿóٵԼʮʲݵԼ廪Щ
ʱĻ԰Ҳıһ¡
ս֣Ա߳һ淸Ƶйͼ
㿴ǸްӣްӴʮң˵ٽһˮվôսųߣһֱߵһ㣬ʳָصá
廪˿ûе˼

Ҷֵ֪ʶ˽ⲻ࣬һλʦⷽЩо廪˼˵ҹӦҲƽˣȥʦ
á
սͷȻͼ
ӱͲӣʼ仭ͼ
ûľδϿӣ֪ϿǼ޽ģڣ޽Ͽӵһطǿյء
Ͽ¼
ɫģ
ս岻֪ĲЩɫδɶǿԲι۵ľ㣬սŰԼĻ濪ʼͼһ棬ڽβɣĻУʱɣѾǸˡ
ɣŮϴӣ䵱ĸȥĻ棬ݺᡣ
⣬һƬδľ
׳۰廪Ŵսı½̲ͣסľ̾
սЦЦû˵˵ɲ׳ǰսɵʱһȻһΣһӣԱ߶һͨΪûúܶû취βѣ̬ƻ
ս忪ʼߡ
һһֱ춼ˣ¥´ɤŵ˻
廪ר־ս壬ŵĳ˷䣬ǡÿ¥Ǽžװİס
ҵ廪ߵļ˽ܣȻֶ廪ܵ廪⼸λǴӱ߽Żģʦ˾Աмλרҡ
׳á廪վֱӣǾ˸ֻȴѹߡ
һ£ǡ
ڻͼأأɲ廪˼Ķǵͷ
ǲǻЩʲôսŮʿʦһ۾һ̲ס˷ܵʵ
ԣô֪ģ
廪ʶĿȴҲһãȻȻ˵ġ
ЦˣСϣ첻ߵĳСӡʦֳ̧ϵĺ󱳾һƣ۾һɣͣ
ûû£Ըǻ£Ҿܾ廪Щ۸Ц
ǳ׳ǵģǲ֪⼸Ӱڱ߽ܻӭģǶСкɣǺϲġϴʦðͷ۾˵˵ΪӰ˳˺ܶˣǱ߾͸ϲˡ
˵ţ̲סĳ廪ķſȥͬ־ڻڻô
Ȼû˵۵Ǵдġ뿴
廪Сȥȥģ̲סʧЦ
У廪ʳָŴꡯһ
ӣסͣصĵ˵ͷ
Ƚ˷䣬սû̧ͷΪŵԵʣͷ˵ûȴ֪˵ģ廪ſڵǸꡯΪ
Ȼ廪ѾˣҲûҪ̧ͷˡ
Ϊȷʵ˹ؼʱ̡
»
һֱսǸ߸ˣϲ̲סʵ
սعͷǸİˣæ廪廪ǡ
ʦĶӡ
Ͼˡ϶սˬʵЦЦȻ۰Ͱ͵ʵҿԿЩô
Ȼԡ
սЦЦһݸݸϡ
Ϊֻǲݸ壬涼ų̂ʣ౳ûеֲڣȴǷǳģһ仰û˵ɿȦˡ
ǿɣСõʱ
СÿǶӢ۸ĸ沨ȥıӰġ
ǽĺˮôӡ
šսͷЩ棺ˡЩʲô֮⣬ǿɨäӰô
ʲôɨäӰЩãȻĿս塣
㲻֪Ӿ廪ЩˣϾɨäӰȥģѵǱΥˣ
ϻЩµҡҡͷ
⡭һۡ
ǸɨäӰÿôϻ²ʣ￴ӰԺô
廪ЦЦпգҴȥɡƬƬӳңԴƬ
һıʾʱпա
Ǿȥɡ
廪תͷѯʵս壬ʡȥô
Ҫȥٵ˵һһɨäӰ¡ս̱̬
һȥ
һٵݡ֣֪ǡЩʲôܵݣʱ˷ˣŲݸܳţһһߺ֣θһȥ￴Ӱȥ
ŵʱͬ־أžͱθˡ
˵൱ˡ
ʦһʱðɣСӺθ˵ʲôˣ廪ѽСӺ˵˵ɶӰ
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϶ʱЦЦĲݸ壺֣ҿȿɩӵָˡ
ȵȡ
һֱʦû˵Ĵ۾ͻȻ
סɻĿˣ壿
⻭ҿ
Ҷ۾ֽӹֱһҳĿרעĿӡ
ͼ㻭ģҶ۲Ŀս塣
ȻֻͼǿԿóͼһĸݵġ
ǡ
սͷ
ҶָָƵģ
ƣֻһ룬ЩģпգֻҪܾģܻս̹ȻЦЦ֪ԺܳģҲܳϡ
ֻҪƵĺãܹʵֵġҶ˵Ƶᣬֳǿţ˵ţָһۣʲô

ԭĴûеĶˣҾãڽͬʱҪ˼̬⣬ܶȥβѣٻϢֱӽضϵĻܻкܶΪû취Ǩ
ս֮Իע⵽⣬Ϊϱл⡣
Ȼнࡣ
Ҷ⻰ɵ¶ȵıϾ˶ע˭뵽ЩⰡ
ս˵뵽˻⡣
ҪԼزСһˡ
Ҽңս̲סεЦЦ
˵ĺܶԡ
Ҷ룬ͼºܺãͼûҪȥˣͬ־ͼҿԴôǱ߽ооԱҶۡ
սһ£ȻصͷȻԡ
ҶЦˣСĽͼ񱦱ƵķŽǰĿڴĵģԱߵʦˡ
ǡʱ¥´ĺ
Է
̻ع񣺡Էˣ¥ɡ
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˾Աһֱû˵սָ忴أΪų̂ʵԭı鿴еϧĽָݻظս壬Ǻ¥
˫̥һųܣ̲סȥӣȴܵǰת䣬¥ݿȥ衪
ս߼һѽ
衣Ŀˮսһ
ǹﻹСӣսǰһȻ͵سһӡ
СϷϰˣ̡Цﻹ
ڳݲģ̲סıܵķ衣
ʦӣǽһͷۣһһ߸кСӴСûԣϲӣҲ֪ʲôʱԼȢŻؼޡ
ԵֵˣߣԼżˡ
仰˵ʵ⣬ϾӵĻֻĹ϶ģҪôϼҽ飬Ҫô̸廪Լս塣
⻰˵ʦʾͬ
һֱԵ˵ӣž㷹׼ǡ
θ磬ɩӣǡ
á廪΢Цĵͷ
뿪ˡ
뿪һ˲Ż˼ҡ
ʦôͻȻǣߣЩֵʵ
ǰЩӣ߽ǱҲץסʺֺѦͬһߵģԲŻԻһˣʵмҪңҵɽ
ɽ
˵Ѿӵ԰ȥô
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˵ˣ⻰廪ս嶼ɵöһۣЩãȻ
ҲðҪһҲ⾰Ҳˡһ˵һҡͷ̾ȻӿŲֱˡ
ϸĿУԶԼĶӡ
ĿУ֮ԺֵģȫΪɽںϵġ
ȻҲֻԼѡ
ڶ죬һͶμſڵţ廪սҲĳţˣϳֱȥƬ廪ȥҿӰսȥٵݡ
ٵݺƺܶ춼û˯һɫ԰ף˫ĿͷҲˣҵͷϡ
ɨäӰһɨβˡƽ˸ǷȻȥƬҿһ
ãõȻ廪߽ͬ־ȥɨäӰȥˡ
ս˵ţͿƽһ£߽ģ
ţôˣٵݡսɻĿ
㣬֮ǰƬӷ߽ǱߣȻһǳͻءƽ˵£Ҳһһ̯ﲻѣѣʲô취
սҲû뵽
һֱ廪ϻˣŽǡ
ϳĬһ£Ǳߵعϡȷʵûôкܶûͨ磬Ǳ߱Ƚƶһ㡣šüվ˺һ̾˿һʱǽˡ
¶սҲûн취Ͼڱ߽ٹʮ꣬¶̫ĸơ
ˣȻиƬᣬȥһƬӣ
áϵĿ죬ȥҲ죬սôһ˵ָ
Ѿ˻ƽƬȻûʲô⣬һϿӰҲĸˣ˳緹ʱ䣬廪ȥӪ緹ĹӦ˽ӣһ˶ʮŵ·÷
磬սֿ̧ʱ䣺ȥ֯һˣȻȥǺһȥ
һȥɡ廪ϣ̵ͷ
սȥ˷֯˳ţֱȥ˷֯ᣬׯϯսˣݲ裬廪ҲȥϾԼȥ̫㣬ִҪſڵȡ
С칫һսˣ׷˹
Ȼ̸أȥϼһƯ̧ܹ־Ҫţ̲סغ
ü´һϣȻ̧׼š
ϴһ磬ֱվмǵطһһ
˭Ҹʲô̲סʡ
˵أ˲󵽰ҲǺ˻ȥ
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ץץף⣬ɩӻ㰡˵ţֿս廪æһθ硣
ǳʲôأ廪֮š
ûɶͬ
ȴӹ칫ҳ̲סĿʼ²ۣ㣬Ҳڳˣұ˱;ʦѧ͵֪ͨˣڵίԱһ쵽ڿҺᡣ
һһ
սĵϵڵίԱɲ͵ñӲǱӣ۾۾ġ
ǹˣ˭ӣ
ҡ
ᵽԼĸף̲סĵͷȥս֪ǼҳɷֲãǡֺɵģҿԺͳĹ˻һȥ
ɷȷʵȽϸӡ
ս죺¶ׯϯҪͬ⣬ĸ׹
ʵڲУֻܴͷӹˣٵøǮᵽԼļͥоͻḡֳ޾ıˣ֮ǰ־ȵӣƼһ
ϿŸое㲻þȰֲϤϲ顣
ȥ·ϣų⣬Щ
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ɷ֡ôҪô
ϣμӸ߿ô廪ͻȻʵ
μˣ͵֪ͨˣȫľǵѧУָ̻˾񣬻ͷ廪
һ죬Ҫĸ״ؾ
ĸѧУ
廪ѧѧѧ̲סЦ
ǻܵУءսʱЦˡ
ģҲ廪ѧ˷ܵĲУ̲סЦǿ̫ˣˣҵʦҶ۽ڡ
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Ʒɽڣҵʦ˵ȥݷһ¡
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ллθ磡
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ھǹ˸ꡣ
Լʮӣսһȥ˻վ˴ԼСʱſϤӰºӴ嵱֪Ƽں졣
Ƽ㣬ں㡣սԶԶľ;Ӽĺ
ǻһȦ߿ͿսӰҲӻ֣
սС
սӭȥ֣þòƼ㣬ں㡣
ǰΪһû뵽ټĻᡣԵƼ̲סĺȦ㿼ϴѧô
ţ廪ѧ
ҺںҲˣɼһ㣬ұʦں챨У
У߱Ƚϵںˬʵİڰ֣ȻԼĳɼģǸϰʱ̫ˣңֻҪ뿪ºӴˣ㲻֪ߺºӴ˲ء
սһ㶣ôˣʲôˣ
ں̾˿͸ս塣
սź̲סü⸶Ҳ̫˰ɣôڴ£һһߣû취μӸ߿ˡ
ǰ
̾˿ǵȥ߿ǰģ˻֪û߿죬˻кӵ֪Ѱһ˲ӣһͶ˺ӣûˡ
ˣ˵¶ˣǸϽȻؼ
սΪιֱӾǵſѧˣٻȥˣɶĶˡ
ͷӣǵؽƫ˵㣬սЩ䣬涫̫ȫѧǰǿסǶ
ǰõ֪ͨ廪ʹȥששȥˣͰѸսǿլظһ飬ؽѣӣҾǴӷƷչվ˼ּҾߣֻд´ģ廪˸ҹȥѵԵ·ڳԺڻŵؽǲصĺúõġ
սһǽմӷλӭ˻ȥҶ
ֻҪиطžУкóġƼں̱ʾ
иھţĵӶ˲٣ҲΪ˲ŷš
˹ֱսԺӹȥ
ȽСԺ˲żıһ
ԺҲ̫̫ˡƼ۵ĶĽ
սɵģûʲôˬˡ
Ǽ˲ס˸ʮƽķӡںĽ˵Ǽö࣬õ¼ȡ֪ͨؼҺֻСõĽͷ˯
ȴѧҵõλʱְˡ
սǻ˵˲¶ϲõЦ
ȼʰ׵ˣսִȥ˵һֱæϣ˲ЪϢˣȻп˵Щеûˣںȥǵİٻ̳һ䣬Ƽʵ˹ǿ
Ƽ㣬Ѿˡսһ£ûԼǿ£ǸƯĹһʽˡ
ˣƼɫ˰ס
ˮ䡣
˵ҵġƼˣʵûи߿Ҳ׼سˣиþǾǵģɷӶûˣҵѾȰҰҹ̵ˣҺ͹ǿ˵ѽȻȻҲᡭ
ںҲߣУ¶ܾôˡ͵վڿתȦңǿĶϰࣿ
׳ɶˣ
ǿسǣƼһʮǮġں̲סҧгݣǸǷģһƼġջһ࣬ͽˡ
һʮǮǿƼʡԼýʮǮ
Ƽ˽Ժױġ
ƼͣĿ
İԼļױȴȢ˱ŮΪޣƼֻԼĶҪʹˡ
ôսҲ̲סü
ңϰࣿںӲʵ
ôȥ֣
սüزģǹǿĵ̣ǸŮͬ־ȥֲųԿôҪŪã֪ǿϴѧܻǵϲ˴ѧô죿
ĵȰ⣺ҵǾãȵѧﱨ֪ܵ˺ܲǵ䶨ȥծȥ
սһںƼ˳Ĭ
ඥǶʱҶˣսҲûǹǿλãǳסҲǲȰģսȰ˼˵˽
ս岻ɱ뵽ԭǰ
ΪݣԭͽĴνرԸδֵװס
ֹ˴ԼСʱŴˣ廪
ˡ
սȥţƼںҲ˺棬˸ź棬뿴սɷ
Ŵ򿪣¶廪ǳЦüۡ

սƼں죺ǽһ£ɷ廪
Ƽں쿴廪̲ס۾һ
ºӴô꣬˺ĺӣȻһ׾Ưģɲϴ۾ĸо˻øĺÿʧеƼ̲סĿ˺üۡ
ɼ˶ӾÿĶ̲ס
廪ǵ˵ͷûж˵ʲôֻս壬ѸԺ󣬲Ŵ˳ϣСԺķȥƼںǿȥıӰ̾˿
о˺ö࣬㿴ǳûƼ̲ס۵ʵ
ôǣǳɶģйϵôںЩƳһ
Ƽ죬ٴȾʹ࣬Ȼ뵽Ǹйǿ
ںæתƻ⣺Ҳ֪ڽôˣ
ȥﶼܹĺõġ
ں죺ֻԿҲ֪ܻȥôķӦ
ĸĸӦͦģЩ꣬ࡣ
Ȼô˵ɸõĵģǵġ
ĵĽվſڣ˵Цﻹż̼õĻ
ӻҪڼסðҿɸ㣬Ͻشȥ˻ˣסڼﰡ
ϱ°ɣżôӳģ̫ˣ˵ЩֱӰԼͽȥ˰˵˵µŮмôݵģ
һ˵һߺµĶ¡
յӶߣС˵ҾװȥģЩҲǷڼסڼסɣ˽ȥˣû֤ϰȥҸ˼Ұ˰ɡ
ʲôװ̲סĺ˵һͱס졣
ҵС̣¶ǧ£ôݣСĺ
ҿ㲻
ͻȻͷŻ߽ɫѿĿŽװô£
ɫʱѿ
û뵽׸綼ҡ
ͷ̲סᡣ
񰡡
ҡ
͵ת˼ţоھμˣӣ̾˿
˭Ҳûзֱֽڶ쵽ҹ񶼻ûؼңĸ͵ط嶷Ǳһ漴޳ɱǧĽѼǮ͵˰

61 ѧ

ֻнһ, ˫̥ǰ굽Ҳˡ
ǳĲãԸù˵Ĺϵ³˸üʦ, õѧͽĹ, , ³Ů, һµĹʼҲŶʮǮ
שϼ¯ӵ¶ȿƺһԼİ취ĸˮƿװһ¼ʮǮĹʡ
þλ
ڽǽĸһץ˴ҳ
һ͵͵ߵĿɲǽϷĹ, ϽôЩеĻ
ﴧŽţ˻𳵡
ǰ죬ȥֵ´̽׻Ľ, ȥʱ򣬽ֵ´Ա, Ҫ֪ͷ, ֻйӵ, ʲôʱйǰ, ֻһ㣬ýֵ´ĹԱӡࡣ
ֻǽֵ´˲֪, ûŽŻºӴ, ֱȥǵĻƱ
ЩȻºӴ, ȴŴµˡ
ǰеͬѧ໥ͨ, ໥, Ҳѯʹͬѧ֪ǰһλʱС㱻ΪϾźΪĥ͵͵ȥӸˡ
ȻԴǵȴǰļĵס
޴ȥȻȻ뵽ǡ
߬ǮᶨĿŴ⼱ٵ˵ľɫ
֪һȥǣǰ;δǻδ֪ڣºӴܸǸ˵üǮҵΪԼƴһѡ
ܻŵ۳ǣ컯ڰ;Ҳڡ
һӣֻΪԼ
***
Ԫûã͵˿ѧʱ䡣
ͷһʱ廪гսȥѧУﱨ¼ȡ֪ͨ飬֤ȥӽͿڻ̳Ƕϡ
ھǹ꣬ĸʦͻر߽ȥˡ
Ϊ֪廪Ӷ廪ѧǰʦǷһټҳˣ֣صĽиǣϣϾ֮࣬æӦŵ㡣
һȭȭϸ׵İ֮ģϸж
ϸ׵ķԸȥѧϵ󣬾͹ԹԵĶھϵſڵĻ̳ϣһֻԹԵȴ˵Ĵ󹷡
ϡ廪ϵķһ
ϵĶһվ廪֣θ磬ءȻӻ̳һСܵ廪ߡ
ȥϵɩӱûء廪һߴǰߣһ߽͵
廪ľϵϵѧϵŮЩЭкӱȽ϶࣬ϵǱߵͲһˣŮƽȣѧ˼̫ͥܿĳ´棬ȱϵͬѧҪһЩ
廪ſڵһſս˳
߸һʮͷŴӵŮӣ˵˵ЦЦģƺӣ˴ſڶЩ᲻ֿļƣսѾ廪ԶŮӻ˻֡
廪Сϡսܵ廪ߡ
廪æַס첲ôô
ϵȽ⣬˸С顣
ϾѧرЩԼѡӢϵеǱģˮƽҲβģԼģս֮һĻģһãȻ
ȿѧлĻֱӿѧϰûǴ㿪ʼ
ոǹûģ廪˲Ȼ
š
սͷߣոյʦ˵ˣԺҪһһİС飬ѧϰȡ޻ѧܿٵѧС
ս˵˼򴽡
Ǹɩӡ
ţս忴
ȻѧϵǹҲ࣬ҵҲãɩӿɲԸҲΣ˵⻰ʱն˵ģȻΪԼҪо
սͷ԰
ллɩӡ϶ʱ˷̧ܵͷ
ΪСȥһֱӻμҵСԺսóһոµıӿʼдӢԻСģɲַܵˣȻԺҪõ͵ǰ׼ˡ
ڶ죬ʽʼϿΡ
ս嵽ʱ򣬽ѾŲˣΪûн̿飬һ۵ľС顣
ǰŵλѾˣս˸ſмĿλ¡
ͬһλ۾ͬѧ
²ĺǰͬѧʲôսʹһӢģɼһĻģĿ࿴ǰߵͬѧ
ƾɵްɫЩƣ˵Ӣȴȴ۾ͬѧб׼Щ
սòȡˣʵͷѧģﶼеӵġ
ڽ˴ʱ򣬸Աˡ
ͬѧǺãǵĸԱʤȻӭ廪ѧΪеһӣҽһȹѧϰʱ⣬ϣ䣬ŬѧϰպѧɣΪǵĹשߣΪһԹңõ˲š
ԱϼĹũѧܱ廪ѧгΪԱ֤
֣Ծգãһҽܰɣӵһſʼ
һվһŮӣƺЩţ˵ҲЩСҺãҽ㣬һ֧Ԯ֪࣬ҺʹҳΪͬͬѧԺһŬѧϰΪһõˡ
Ļհ˸ԱĻ
ڶ󷽶ˣҺãҽ֡
Ȼǵĸսͳ˱ʼǱЩҽܵͬѧָһٶͬע⡣
ܿ죬͵սǰһš
ֻǸӢı׼ͬѧվҺãҽŵһ¡
սڱд¡֣˼ñʼ˵֣ܾе죬һ룬־ԼˣѲԺˣ
Һãҽг𡣡ֵܿսͬ׵ĽһԼ֮ǰľȻ󻰷ͻȻһתս壺ʵӸոҾͺܺһ£ҽܵʱҵͬһֱڱдЩʲô
սҲӣ΢Цվͬѧǵֺϡһ˵һ߻˽һȦ֪һ֣Ŵҵҽܺ󣬾ͻҡ
գգۣɴͷơ
Ъս˵Һãҽս壬ǾǷ֯һ£˵Ƿ֪֯Ƿӡ󣿡
Ӣۺͬ־Ĺ£֪˭һ
ûӢۺĹ£λͬѧǿǺĵӰˡսһ٩̾ЦˣԭĿ÷Χ˲
ҾӢ֮ս壬֮Իڴҽܵʱ¼һΪְҵϰߣڶҪסҵ֣Ժǿɾͬͬѧˣܼܲȴв˼Ц
⻰һʱЦˡ
ѧս壬̷ӣ׼ʼ¼ǿɲ뱻Ц
ߵݣսû
һʦǶ֪סʦسѡأڶԺ󻹻ƷʱܻܿѧһȺδĶԼķ˿һ˷ܵ顣
ǡЩʲôϵеӰҲƷ
УɨäϵеӰ
찡ǾȻսһథһȥҵܣҪˡ
Ϊսأѧ˷
սǳЦŵͷ
˺ˣҵҽܾ͵һλͬѧҽܡսҲѧųģͷ
սͬѧЩ˼վ
ҽϣԱżȥ飬ˣսкŮȥ飬һֱ鶼ˣβŹˡ
սһȻǸˡ
ǵ߿͵ҽԺȥǸĸͩ
Һãǵİͩ
ϽʦֳŽ̨ѧ
ͻȻߺһ
еѧվ죺ʦá
ʦáѧźߺһ
ͩЩĿȺѧӣͷ̧֣ͬѧǺãɡ
սĿԼЩĹһЦС˵ǰڸǰ೤
ͩѧһԵˣΪѧٱ·ţѾԽѧĻˣɶȴȰѧĴʱĴʰ̱ޣϽ̨
ΪٸжѧǸߺʦáʱ̲סĺȦ
ͬѧǡ
΢΢ȣлұϵ֪еͬѧǱģﻹ¶ҲɻΪʲôҪѧϰ˵ǣֻѧ˵ԣܸõѧϰ˵ľ顣
׳˵Ҫվˣ˽ĺƽǻվڹʵ̨ϣΪ˲ֻٰŬѧϰĹȽ֪ʶԶñĹҵԣΪҪ
ͬѧǣǼϿΣϧᣬŬѧϰ
ͬѧΪһθԵĻȦ죬ͩº಻
սҲĸĺˡ
ֶͩɲսΪԼԱݣֱӱ֧ǣǸҽΪкΪɼѡγ˰೤Ȼû̵һְٰģѡ೤ű˷ܡ
ͩû˷ʱ䣬Щô򿪿αʼϿΡ
һڿεݲӣһЩ򵥵ĵʡ
ս彫һ˿ܳڿñʼϣ¿εʱͩϿαΪÿ˵Ļͬϵɸ༶ԼɰС飬һСҪһ鳤һ鳤ϲѧ棬ҵ㵽ĽһС顣
ͩ򿪻Ὺʼ
ս壬֣ɡ
ͩһ֣վһˣһֱվ˸˺̧ͩͷΪ鳤սΪ鳤Լʱ䣬콫˵Ļ
õʦ˸̿ͷ
սŮѧҲս۾ģһ֪ڸˡ
·סͩºֿʼ֡
ȷˣ¿Ҳˡ
ͩ뿪˽ңӰʧսһӾͱΧסˣСİ󣬻ΪսݶӵԵǡ
ǣѧ˻µӰô
һֺ󣬲֪˭ͻȻһ⣬ͻȻð
ƺ˶ڵȴ𰸡
ǰʱѾͳȥˡսЦŻش
شһһ󻶺ò˵սݱվһֱܸǡ
Ǹ裬վڵϣͬѧǾһΧȻİƤЦȻ֪ҺܸˣǴûǱİͬѧ֪ǰĻô죿飬Ұһ㣬Ҫ̫ڼҷǰ
⻰˵ģΪİͬѧǽ׼ء
һôЦս߾Ȼ徻ࡣ
ллˡȺɢȥսæл
㣬лɶѽͬ־ڰ֣νЦ˵ţָĺ󱳣ԺվһСˣѧϰɼãԺɵðѽ
Ϊڶ鳤鳤Ǹ·׵Ůˡ
ոս屻ԵΧƵʱȥһ·ףȻ
̫ˣҸоԵ衣̲סĿ
ǡ··⻰һ£ȻЦǰڳǹģȽࡣ˵ţս֣ǡ
ս֣һ۳ֻѾװģר־ĿӢˡ
Ȼ˵Сץסһ顣
ܿ죬ֵϿʱ䡣
ͬѧЩ߽ܵͩƽˣѻȸֻͩεͩĿǳı׼˵ʱȥѧѧɹ͵ʦ
磬ս·һȥʳóԷ
ʳùӦĲǰײ˶Ϊտܶ˻ûУԻڰײ˶˸˵Ľ³Է
ǾǱˣҲܻؼסô·׺˿ɻʵ
ܣһҪסУսҡҡͷ˵Ϊͬѧ֮ĸ飬ԤУͬѧѽڣӽĻᣬϵѧҪǿѵ
·˼ĵͷ
סУĻɷ򲻻ôᵽɷĻ⣬·׵һ˲Ȼ
ɷǾϵģҲҪסУѽ
ս̲ס̾˿Ҿ뺢ӣ˵̿϶ۣǴ𣬾͸߳һֿЩġ
˭˵أҲҼҼˡ
·ӣҲ֪緹ûУҼǿӾǸĴģҲ֪벻ӳԷ¡
ɷҲھôսɻ̧ͷ·ס
ǵ·ҽܵʱ˵Լǽеġ
ûУϼأǿûϣڼҸ׼ٿһأҪǿˣʱһԲˡ
һӶ׷֪ʶˣ
緹ս·ȥᣬıϵʱģΪżԸû̴ȥðѴ
ǵСֻסˡ
ս·ףĸѣоɡ
ǣ֪ıҾ͸ˡһս壬ڵĴչﻹʮİæսӣױס
òãԼͺá
սæȥ
û¶ǶͬͬѧԵѣӦõġæӣһѸٵױףһЦǺǵ˵
ڵ̬ȣֱö̶ͷŮͬѧ̲סķۡ
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ŮͬѧֹС, ɼܲסɵĶѽ
˵˭ƨأһ̾ըˡ
ΪĪϵ飬Щ̬һֱе
ѧϵ, һϲͨ, ƫƫ, ͱϵ, ʱսӢܺ, 뱧ѧӢû뵽æ˸׾ͱ˵ƨ
ʱɾͲ, ǼСĹ, ͷ㶼ȥˣһ, ټɼ, Ҳ, ոбҵ˻ָ߿Ը˴ѧ
ΨһĲ˳ģרҵˡ
սҲȥ, ʵΪ, ôͳƨˣ
̷һ㶣û뵽ԼĻȻˡ
԰Ϊͬѧһô, ôͳƨˣ
ɲžһֻȼС̡
̷￴ս, Ϊһ, šüòԼ, ʱЩҲס, ̲סġߡһʱࡣ
ˣҲ˵ʲô
ʰأͷ߽һˮƿĳӹսʱЦˣǡ
ʲôҪʰģҲæӹ˹
սæܾͲ࣬ѴϾˡ˵ţӹĻԼµľʰ˴̡
ҽԺǰˡӹԼĹץѻÿ˶˵㣬ЦǺǵĸҽܣ֮ǰѧϵǱϵģһûС
ҲǱģ
һ£漴һҵսƵϲ飺ҲǱģˣҽɣǱˡ
֪㣬ʱ򣬾ˡ
һʱˡ
ɲʦ飬һԼֵսʱͱﲻסϵЦˡ
ҽ·סղһֱû·ҲӸ̽ͷԺ֣лô
ԺһץһЦһΪ˯أղô󶯾㶼û
·ЦЦֻŰ׳ԣҲ
˵ŻأһҲˡ
ѽˣϻΪء˵ͬƽմͷ滹ˮΣȻոȥϴȥˡ
սЦŽͣǱˣϲŹ
Ǳ˰ǿãżңȥʲôʱ򶼿ԻȥʡģԶءƽź裬ߵսԴ¡
ʡȷʵͦԶǽеġ·׳껨ףֿʼˡ
ǾɲԶڸءƽʱ¶ĽıȻ̵ķƼGƼĶ˰
Ƽ飬ģǺеġ
ƼѧģǱöһͰˡƽŷƼ˽һ£磬İ᳤ȱ˽ЩȻҰֵձų٣һ˴ɨһô
԰˶ʾͬ
ƽóӿʼֵձ
óӣ̵ͩļѯս塣
ΪѧϰСĸ鳤սȻܾһӵߣĽΡ
ƽֵձģսӢͷҲˣӲᣬɴֱӶŵǶ棬űϸ
ݹɺƽЩδ
һȺȥҵ·˵Цģֻ·ףҲ֪û˯ûզģɫģԭͱݳɡϡ磬ֱӺˡ
սĸҲģֻάֵϿΡ
˵ϵĿǺͷϸ꣬ôĿþǿ籩ꡣ
ֱӱһһ֪ʶûˣ˷ѧʱɫҰףҪ޲޵սӣգǣһ㶼û
ҵȻһ£Ҹսңһϰһ¡սҲͷۡ
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һ±ӣ˻ȥ
ƽĽƳһۣܲ˼Ҷ˵ҸսңȥҲ˼ˣԸɴҵԼС鳤𣺡鳤ҲŪѧϰ£
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ӢⶫҪ˵ԣҪ̣治֪ô̡
ȵȻȥһա˵꣬ҲƽӦͳǱˡ
粻ǸѧͦõôҲһȥ¡
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ƽһ£Ŀ·һֻۣ·һЦ·ֻǿЦƵġ
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·һ£Сһϣôüƺ̫⡣
ȻУյĿﶼܵˡЦЦظʾʮġ
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Ͽεʱ䣬սƽһߡ
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Щ⡣
԰ͬİɣϿΣҾȲˡ˵ţ·װڰ֣ˡ
˵һ·Сܵ廪ǰôˣ˵ĩؼҼô
һϿΣе㲻㡣
廪ЦЦˣҵİ֣֣İͩô
ǰû뵽ȻĳǵİΡ
ò˵Եˡ
ɩӣʦǽȥǼҳԷȥϵʦƷɣ¿εʱƷһԷ¸˵ˣϵ˼ѾɵƷɼˡ
УֱӹȥˣֻҪ֮ǰС
սֿ̧˿ϹŻкܳһʱ䣬˵пջΣ߳ѧУţֱƷɼȥˡ
Ʒ·֮ǰѧУʦԷʮֿѧУ
ǵʱڳæµš
սæȥæȻ̫ãǴֻǺоġ
ѧôͬѧǶദôһŹǣһﵹһưˮЦеʵ
ͬѧǶͦģЩͬѧ˵㣬ǰ֧ǣаСĸ鳤ðЩͬѧǰѻսŵԱд˿
ոһֻѼѾƬˣսеϡ
Ӧõģͬѧ֮͸ûС
ˮտˣƿǣΧȹ˲֣Ȼ裬˵ˮȥʼո
ս˿лƹ˿
æʮӣŰ׼ˣղսŲߣһһ߳ﺰԷ
廪ƷѹſϵĽ̿顣
һս̰һӣܳ˷䣬Ʒ۾ʱһɣץ̿׷˳ȥ
廪͸Ҹ׻㻹ѧѧˡ
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廪֮ԶϵΪ֪Լʺͷʵ飬ϲֻҪƷͬ⣬治ϵܣʱμӿҲԣֻҪҵ֤С
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ĿѼǴȫ۵ģǴһֻ֪ܻģʮֵζ˵ԵѾû˵ˣս嶼̲סͷԡ
˵ǴѼӹȥ˼ҿ˼һ῾ôս˿ڸſѼĿ򴽡
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սԾ²ȤɴҲóӣʼдĴ١
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Σɺƽֵߵսǰ
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ԺҲӢ飬еģϺԼСͬѧǻѧϰҲŸոջ
֪ս˸սҽΣ̴˹ǿϵô
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һϣ˫̥ڷߡ
˯ʱ䣬ǶԸ뿪սҲһ˯Ϳ廪ˡ
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ǸˣǸʮѪյˡ
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ȥԡң
廪ĶС˵
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ΪԹ廪ֱӷ˺ݣȻصϣսѾԺĿ˯ˣ廪ɵս󣬽Ķҧгݣʦ˵һѧͱ취ܻؼסĻҾͲѧˡ
ս壺
ôвĺô
òõ廪֪¶ڶ˴гȥƷȥˣȻһݵҵ
սûţڼź档
ʱںͻȻüĽģɫЩѿ
ҷƼôģ
ôˣսƹϹһһӣ۾Ķƹ׼ñӸƹ򣺡ʦô
ǰҽȥˣԶԶĿǿվһ˺úõ˵ŻأЩ㲻ˣѲɹǿǮˣ

63 

ں൱벻ͨ
ѧǰᵽǿʱ, Ƽҧгݣ۶ǶԱ˸ĺޣԼѧû취, ˵Ͱ಻סȥˡ
ϾһʮǮ, ɲǸСĿ
ôһѧƼȻֺ͹ǿ˵Цأ
ս˼һ, ҲЩҡҡͷ
Ҳ벻ͨô, , ȥ߿ʱǿˣ˵ϴѧ, ҲƼֿ, 绨Ǯء
ȥսҲֻ뵽ˣңû, ڳҲҪģҪ֪ǿɲºӴ, Щ, ҲƼܲ˵, ˣǮһʮǮζԹ˶ˡ
ںһһߵͷ
ֻǱɲ̫ãǮˣǰƭƼ¶ôˣ
˵ƭ, ˵ֻǽǮ, ûƾûݵ¶, ˭ܵأ
ں, ̲ס̾˿
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ƼǮ˹ǿ, ҪƼ˪׷˺üΣƼء
ǿɥĵĸĺҲֻƼԼ
ˣ˵ˣҲСˣӦ֪ԼʲôǲٶҲûáں˿Ȼ󳤳˿
ս뿪ˣЦЦŶԷɡ
ˣһûءںæڰ֣˵ž׼
ȥѧ֮󣬾ʹսСԺȥᣬΪǱ˵ԭںһֻڷźٵʱŻϼңƽʱס
սһסҲߣҪС㡣
ԡ
ں˻ȥⷽͲսˡ
˲̸Ƽ󣬸ɴ棬սץƹ¹Сֿ죬һñסƹȻ̲סĶžЦǸüʣ±ʮָӵĹơ
Сɵһ£ȻҲ±ӸŹƣԽԽˣֱЦ
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ں̲סĨĨСͷͷҲֺܵģ㣬һǵºӴʱͷݵƵġ
ΪԵûӪ
սһʱˣֽ̧Լβǰڲֺ
ںսһۣ˭ܺȰ
ֽڻ̲סȥСڴܾӵ֪˵ɵ룬㿴ѣ֪ԼҪʲô
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ѽСӹˣңͶôˣҲû䡣
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ϴѧ󣬼ʵǲ̫ԸѧģԭʹˣٲûҪϹˣ˽¼ȡ֪ͨ߿С˼
Ǻɩڣ˵ûǽ꣬ͱǴСıȥ졯»ܵóѡ
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ȷʵСˣȥ˵ֻˡ
ںͲɡսĿں죬ںҲŶʮ꣬ʹˣǷ绪ïô
ˣ࿴ĶǶĹˡںƲƲ졣
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ԼģԼСһ
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սƳһۣҲ˵ԹԵĳš
ȳˣæкСϣСϣһͬ־ѧУ춼ˣ·ϲȫ
ǡСվ
ںһˣҲụָ̂Ҿˣп
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УҪû£ǾСԺǱ߼ǱûˣҲÿڡ
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ˡںսڰ֣Ȼ͸СϺ뿪Сӡ
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ս壺
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廪ʱ֪ϷصҪںܶ󣬶ʱûʲôȤˣ˯ʱ廪ڴϿ飬սǷϻ
ˣʦô˵ģ
˵סһѧڡ
廪һҳ飬˼ۣȻĶû취㣬鶼ȥˡӣ˫ֽ棬ڶϣ˵һȥðѰ೤ְˣʦ˵ˣиĿĻѧҾҪʵˡ
ʵңսıһ١
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սⷽ涮þͲǺܶˣȻ廪Ѿ˾ˣҲͲˣɴͷ廪ЩԹĿսıӰ
˵ԼҪʵˣǿ϶Ƿʵģܼܿµļ棬զϱһӦûأ
ʵĲܹս壬Ϊսʵҵ⣬ͣϱӴѧЩʵϣУʵͺͨϿһģాҹ
廪׸ϹӿȫûеõϱĴ
ĩϷûлңȵһֱӴӼȥϿΡ
ҵʱͬѧץӢڴʶš
ս̽ͷС˵һÿĶΣǶʱء
ĶΣ
սһ£ݵĿֱӴܶʼϵģս廹治֪һϵĵһڿξĶأæͳӢ飬ҪϸĿ
Ӣĵճ̶ôĶĻԤϰɲġ
ô
Ķһ飬սŷֳȻľ¿ڿ̲סСʵ
϶ˣӦûġ
ս忴ˣɴ飬죬С˵Ҳϸݴǿ˵ӢģȻĻĶο϶˳
ΪϸսѾǿ˵ӢģǲܺĴʶΪ֪Լ˵Ĳ׼ͬѧҲ˶ȡЦǡ
ܿ죬Ͽεʱ䡣
Ķεһʦʱģһɫɽװһھһα׼Ӣģ˵㵸෴ֻǾվţ·һˣս嶼ãʦʱʮֵš
棬ҵ㵽ֵͬѧվƪĶһ£׼Ҫһǵġ
һ仰ͬѧʱɧ
һվģɡ
ǺһվͰ͵ĿʼһζʱѾߵ̧ͷˣһ϶ڶƪģɵûٻģټϽţȱ֮ǰԼʱ򻹲硣
ܺãͬѧɼΣҿѧ飬֪ûʲôģһڶ˳һƪ£ɼ˿๤ģϣٽ
û뵽ǣʦû෴佱
ɶʱ۾̧ͷϲĿʦ
ʦѹѹָ£һλͬѧ档
ͬѧվΪʦɵĿ佱֮ǰѾʧ࣬ټлģĶͺš
ܺã˼Щءû
𡣡
վӢͺܺˣʦΪ鲻̫졣
Цһæˡ
ʦŵһĺս嶼գһһǰһĶĿһģͺ㲥̨ķƵģսĿԵúճټŮеߣ渵˶ʦơ
ɼĳʡ
ʦǸսͬѧĿܺãЩʵķƺŵ˵СϰߣһҪС
սæͷ
·Ƶĵ˿֪Ҿˡ
ΪһĿ죬˵ˡ
ֶ˼ˣͻȻ뿪ʱ·ס
ڵŵ·վץſ죬ɳƵɤð
ͣʦüĵĿ·ͬѧôˣ
·ָָԼĺ¶ʹࣺɤӡˡ
ʦ·ͬѧĩʱַˣ糿ɤӾ˵˻ˡͬҵƽվæ·׽͡
ʦ󣬾·
ѵ˵Ѿ˴ɲ̰˾ͲˣﶳŵŲ˵꣬·£һʶ
һֱ¿ΣѧŶ֮һ
ʦ˽ңսȥƽ·ôˣôֲˣ
֪˵ҺԺȥҽҵءƽ̾˿Ÿ߸ߴģӹôôأһݶˡ
һݲأ
ս忴ڿ·ףֻ·׵ɫȷʵе԰ס
Ҫ˵棬ĳ˷Ƽ·ףǣƼѧ·׼ȻܱͩѡСĸ鳤˵ӢﻹǿԵġ
ƫƫԴӿѧ𣬵սû·˵һӢﵥʹ
ͷ岻õ˶ˡսҲŸ̾
ȻװʵˣС·Ͽ˰ɡ
ǰɤӿϲˣϿãǻȥƽ˵̲סƲ졣
ְռС˵ˣͬѧ֮以ҲûʲôսǰЩͬѧԺսҪĵطһҲ岻ݴǵİæҪǻ·ףԺҪˡ
˵⻰ʱСǰ˶ˡ
ǵˮƽƽ࣬⻰Ҳ̲סЦˣҲѻðĶΣҲˡ
ǰǣǼôÿεǻô᲻ϿΡ

һһģ˵û·ףɲȴġ
Ҳ֪ǲǵ̸ˣ·׾Ȼվ˽̨űӣָָԼɤӣɤӲãȳдһζԻɫԼԻɡ
˵꣬ת۱ʿʼд
սüɴʿʼ
ò˵·дζԻǺˮƽģѧƧԼ﷨涼õˣ趨ʱ䡢ڣ˵Ŀǰ׶κĶԻˡ
ֻǡ
·鳤ڶʲôѽдһô־ִĺ
·׵ıӰһ£æúڰдһ顣
սĿ͵Ŀźڰϵĸ˳˼
ԻȣҲ̫ˡ
ʣƴˡԭվԱߵ̲סȥڰĴĵʶˡ
еĸ˳Ūˣеȫд̫ʲݿ
·׾ŷ۱ʣվһ
ͻȻıһ㳭ɣҲˡ
˵꣬Ҳֱӳ˳ȥ
⡭
ս
߳ŭˣЩɻʵ
սҡҡͷ֪
ڶ죬ͩˣս廹г˳ȥѯϰСѧϰ󣬲ųһ˵·˵岻̫ãϰСĺȣѾ˰С鸱鳤ĹˣȻ˴СûѹĻǾͼŰɡ
սĺͳһۡ
һĵ˵ͷá
û·ףսǵĹչķ˳ˣÿһ˴죬һϢһˣϢ
ΪչսԭսֻһðΡ
˶ϧ֮׵ѧϰᣬԵʱս巢֣﷨֮ǽģͬѧѾȫˣѾпʼпϰˡ
ս뵽ǰÿѧеشڡӢǡ
Ӣǵøͳ
ͷѾ˫˫ŵͬˡ
һѧѧУĵܣҵһĻҪ󣬹Ҳ֮Ҫͦߵġ
гȣսɴȥɣԼǺ廪μСԺ
һûְ˫̥һϡ
ȵսֱӴ˫̥ȥСԺʱںƼѾˣƼùպȣһžŵζ
ӿֵĽ˿С棬رء

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Ƽһ, æҡҡͷûûУͬѧģĶ, ҿź, ͺһ
˵ǻʵˡ
ƽ׳ո̨ڲҷ׼תƵý
ҲΪĿڷ͸¶, ˵ڻûȫĿŽг, ǰ˽ѾˣƼͬѧֽ˿СΪѾʼձ鿪
С治սµ, ӿڴͳ˲졣
ֵĽ˿С, µ˼ʮǱȽϳģӸͷСζʺ, ΨһȱӦþ·ˡ
սţмĺȥˣȥԺ棬ӶԺӲİ, һһӾֵܳȥˡ
ͬѧ, ǼҸʼİôʮ
սһھҪʮʱںƼһ
ôʲôƼ̲סʵ
˰
սӣҳڳԺŮ˵ܺð, ν, Ůÿ, ϣżҵļŮ˷ַ֣Ҳûˡ
󷽡ں쿿ӣ̲סҼǵǸƵҽĺôҲİɡ
šս岻˵֪ɴ米
Ƽһ£ǸƵģ
㲻֪
ֻ֪֪Ǹġ
ǸƵģޣֽءںһ߽һĽðŸͷöలİ
ҪǺ£ʱ޵ʱҲŸˡ
սָĶЦЦԺлġ
ֻҪ޸ľˣȥҽԺӣȥء
ںһᡯһ¾ͺˣ̲סսһ£ƶ䰡Ϊڵ˾ʲô绰˵ˣҿɻǴء
ðɣ˿СôҪһ˵ģŮ˳ĲѪģô꣬ٿ˵ӣһʱ·ݴ˾;òþûɶ˵ҹȻܳҲƢãҹĴ˯ء
ս˵廪ʱ۵ĶЦҸˡ
ں쿴źĽͷԺˡ
Ƽں͹ǿզˣȥ㣬˵ˡ
һֱڳӵƼһ£漴¶ǣǿЦɶզզģ˼ҶˣǮңѰ˼žˣҪһҪء
Ǯˣ
ˣݻģҲʦأҵңҲҵǸǿƼį˹ǿü꣬¹ǿǰѲȥˣҲûжҡģڹǿֽˣɲ
죬ЦһԼԵ޷ְɣˣֻԺ޽ɡ
⻰˵ģںսһӲ֪˵ʲôˡ
ȰɣԵò飬Ȱɣֲ֪Ȱʲôѡ
˳Ĭһ˲ںȿڣȥĺպû˵꣬ʹȥ˳
սڷһߣӳԡ
ˣ˵ǸƴβܻӵôƼˮս嵽˱裬滹Ҩ˺ǡ
սһڲ裬ˮе塣
ţΣ˭ܻӣս岻Ժˣȥ﷭һӹӳкƼԹӰ⻹ǸǷǻ廪ķСأζģĺܡսץһྐྵӣĸֳģ˵ǼҴķӣζԺġǢǢ
ʶһˣҲʣ¶ɲ˵ġ
ƼЦЦæתƻ⣺ˣҺں춼סѧУȥˣӵԿҲûˡ˵ţӿڴͳһԿ׵ݸս壺޲ްҪ޵ĻҰʡ
ޡ
սֽԿһҡҡͷȱģӽһûסأɲʶ̣ˡ
⻰˵ĺˡ
֮ǰҪʮ˿棬Էν̬ȣʾսӹö̹һ絽ºӴ֪ŮѧºӴģһĸˡ
˵֮ǰңɼӿ϶ѹ
սȴã޵˶ãżұλȨصġ
ںӶĺãں컹иɩӣֻ˲֧鲻˵ˣѧУЩعദĻá
ţƼһӾ͵ȥ
ںʱ򣬾ͿսྐྵӶƼɫȻһģ
Ƽں̲ס̾˿Ƽ׼Ҷָ˻ȥʱ˵£ǲһϽô
裬ƼĽ˿涼սˡ
սǵ·ڣкƼҪĽ˿ӡ
֪ˣһȥȥƼڰ֣ںһ˹
սߵ·棬ǱС͵ˣսˣæ³СŹӣոպ裬ڻﶼһζ
ɩӣڻȥСϽӷڳϣðȫˣŻصʻϡ
ţͰȥȥһ˰ٻ̳廪Ҫʵˣҵø˫Ьӡ
֡
СӣμСԺķȥˡ
ȵСԺӽ࣬սԼȥ˰ٻ̳̳һæµѾûսӰ񱻵˲ֿÿ첻ͣжģѾþûؼҵǱ˵Щеûˡ
һߵĹϣںվƼѧУˣˡ
ãĩǺһȥɽȥɡƼæ
а
ںЦŵͷȻſˣСžʹӳȥˣƼӰԶȥ˻ȥѧУվ·һ
⻺ʶȥƯķӣºӴľɫ֮ѾڵѧɸоޱȵĲʵ
ȵУſڣƼȻعڳŹϵһ룬Ҵҵĳȥ
վ̨̨Щߣһûˤȥŵأڱ˷ס˸첲
лл㡣ƼաᡯĺˣͷҲû̧ĸϽл
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ǿһ㶣æ̧׷ȥ
ƼƼ
ǿˣѾǮˣ˵ģɡƼͷָ߬Ĵӣϴ˵ĻҲȥʦģİɡ
ƼƼ
ǿˣվƼǰ֪ġ
ô㶼Ѿˡ
ƼҲ̲סĴϿǻ
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ǿվԭûһįӣ˺һ͵ת˹
վУ԰ĬĬ۲Ƽ̲ססͣԼ޳
컯Ūˡ
ûбĸָˡ
ھ;ԼΪ˶ȷֿףӢ̨ǿɽ˴మȴһƽһ飬תͷȥ
һţ˶һ£ƼּԼ顣
̵ֻͬѧһ
СơƼ߹ȥĴӷŵԼϣȻСĶС˵Ǽһн˿ô
аզ֣
Сƿеصʵ
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Сץëֶʱһ٣Ҫ٣
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ˣһĶģû뵽ƼȻҪôࡣ
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˷ַ֣һҲּܷѡ仰Ƽûѹɤ˵˶ˣˣҪǳԵĺðԺҪ
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С˵ǿǸ
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У¶ˡСؿĵ졣
Ƽ㻹ѵǾǡҽԺҽţɶѽƼԴǸŮſڴϣЩƺŵӡ
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Ƽȥ
Ůһ£ܣǵضɲһȥġ
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컹˵ĩȥɽŶأƼҪҪһȥɽ
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Ȼκʱ˶ǿݵģЩ˻ʵĿ£ҲѹԹЩٵĶ˷УǼһͷ̹ˡ
սѡƼ˾档
սȥٻ̳廪˫ƤЬƤģž͸оرͣлĸǣߣӲֿ水覴Ʒļ۸пˡ
֮ǰս帴ϰʱҲûǶϰҲ˴ѧһʡѾȥˣΪ¶رлÿսõٱ˼Ǯĺû
Ͽˣп˴ס׳ζսѡЩ⡣
׳أҳ֮ǰ˺üƥǳӣʮüüˡսһƤпˣͣÿʤڱ¡
Ҫ֪ڵƤпˣɲ˭ܴġ
·أҲֻæ˵·ҲͿŸʵҲ䶳ûţûţ͸ҶҪ
ҲҪҪŪӾͺˣԸүүƤ㣬ʹˣʱ˲ٿ࣬Ϻȣ©磬ſ϶
⵹Ҳǣ´βɹǱ߹ȥɹʱ˰㿴ŵ㣬ʱѾˡ
ЩɫǾ˵Ҳɡ
УǾ鷳ˡ
սӰץһѽ˿СΣǱ߹ģر𡣡
Ӵô˼ô˵λֽ˹
ΣսŴСߣߵǱߣÿսڿǰڹ̨ϹѾ࣬Ҳ˺ܶ࣬ϸζİѹţʱ۶Ƶġ
ŰŵһߵİϣȻֱӣӲȻͿս塣
Ѿϴѧս壬˿̴ŸɾƯ·ݰףģһ㶼ӵĸˣŵĴС㡣
սתٿ˵ĶԱ̫ˣԵ벻ͨôͽӹ
ȻսԸкսȻȥƨɡ
μңϷϵʱִǽ£һֱǺ˯ˣ廪Żˣϴ⣬ֱñְս嶳ˡ

սԺ۾
ô·ȥ˯ɳҲ
ģȻˣҲȥ˯ˡս˸Ƿת׼˭뱻廪һѴӺͷıס
͵ʦʵȥˡ
սһ㶣ô죿
ţʦ˵ǱߴߵļҲѧУЩӣҰֵ˵ҹܡ廪֪սԸģĶ˼СֵʣҲ֪ġ
İɡսڰ֡
廪ʾе㲻ġ
ȥϴ˯ɡսֳ廪Լ֣˵㶫ԴʵﴩˣʵҲڴѧ
ڣء廪ƵԴ֪ĸء
Ϊڴѧءս̾˿ʱЩɵչ˺ԼֻʵǳԷ˯
ĵ廪˲̹ˣˮƵĵͷţһġ
ҼսתָȥĿڡ
ȴ룬ֱֱס
ϱ춼ҪˣǺþòܼˡ
ս壺أ
ȥϴɡ廪ֱһŽ˿գĽԡҡ
ڶ졣
սЩήҲĻѧУ
ǣ㲻ҲλƵĲ˰ɡƽĵĴչʣ˵ĳ˵ʱ̲סŬŬ죬ǰͷһӰָָ
ս˸ǷûУɷʦȥˣϸʰû˯á
ŶӢδ޵ĴƽһãȻ
˵Ժչٺٺ٣Ҷ㣬Ȼǲȣ㲹
ս壺
˵˶ܴô˾ģ
ˣֲˣ
šƽƲ죬ʮֲмĺһ˵ǸðأΧ´ȾˣΪ뿴Ƶġ˵ţְڰ֣ˣˣСأǸϽϰɡ
ԶԶԣϽϰԺƽλá
սɻĿǱӰֲ˰

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սдĺܿ졣
дּһŷ±, ׼
˭ٶȸ±ʵһ˲, Ѿһһ, һž˽̨ӷڽ̨ϺʩʩȻתš
ǳ, Ҳץű, ˦žһ·Сܵĵ˽̨һתȥ׷ȥˡ
սֿ˿ԼֺͰ༶ȷ, Ҳ˾ӡ
ҵʱսʶ·׵ķһֻۣ·ͷѹĵ͵͵ģһͿԣһڷܱʼ飬ƺĲ˵ӡ
Ҳ֪ǲ͵̫, ·ͻȻ΢΢̧ͷƳһ, Ȼּææĵͷȥ
Ҳһ, ս巢֣·׵Ķͷе졣
¥, Ϳͳͷͷ˵ʲô, , ̳֣սСŹȥ
ոյСѡCԲԣһվæʵ
С⣿
սһ£ҼǵѡAѽ
䣬ЦˣЦдŵ⣺˵ѡA
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üҸսҶĿɣվˡ
У֪иСƽʱûáæͷǾһ¥ȥսƵš
ˣӢǵѾϱˣѾ׼ˣַϵС԰Ǳ߶һյأϵʱûʲô˹ȥ
ǰ೤ս֧ǣͶ࣬˵ȸտѧʱЩ
׹ڳͷ̸Ӣǵ顣
ǿҵģսһ¶ǵԺһƬհףȻûȥǡ
ţƬ֮ǰʦϲȥѧУʦǰ˻ңһͿˡ
ò˵ڣʵȴܸɡ
ȻܴʦµĻҡ
ǸãԺҲԼĵ̶ˣⶫ͵ö˵
˵û˿ŵһ㣬˴󣬽ůЩҲˡ
ҹյģȻҵһսңҵȻֻǵĹţֱƿţ˽ȥ
ҿ֪˲ٰս߽ȥ棬Ȼͦɾġ
ţȷʵ١ѵϵķֽӵԱߵ¨Ҳ࣬ʶĸԱģĿǰѧҸͷһ
˵ţӸƴˣɣǶԶԴ𰸡
սҲһаɣҲź
ǵļǳãҲĿֱһˮĴ𰸱һģֻиոǵСвͬĴ𰸣оһС⣬û취Դ𰸾ˡ
𰸣ſϣС϶Ҵˡ
˾ʹ£ԾⳭģ´ξͲ״ˡսһαϣG˵ǰλм֣
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ҹЩ˸
սһ£ңǰܿ߷ֵҲɡսʹ༶ˣ˵ģڵЩͬѧ⣬ǱȲպѧ濼ġ
Ҳ̿࣬﷽ԺưӢǿ̫ˡ
ֱˣﲻǺ˭ѧģ
ɷ򣬻ʦǡ
սЦЦָĸ棺ǣҺɷڴʶģʱݻ⣬һ֪࣬ƽһسǣͽ̵ӢͶҲΪҲűϵ
ԭ̾һʶƳһ
˵ţսЦеĿأôѧģ
ӱ¶Լһ죬֪ᱻʵ⣬ȫ׼
Ķȷʵ廪̵ģӢ廪ȻҲˣΪ츳áֻ˺̵ܶʱ䣬ʱ伸ȥѧȥˡ
Ǻҵ׳ѧģǰǽŵģ׳󡣡û뵽սᷴʣһ²Żش
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ҲѹǼĻˡսЦЦ
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ǻؽҰɡ顣
á
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ˡ
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㣬úõʲôϵ·ܲõߡ
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·׺һ¶սȥʲô˵ɱˣĻҰҵģȥĲԼŵɡ
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·ŵͷһԼ·ΧΧ˽ҡ
׽㣬õûһԱߵɾʹ˹ĵʵ
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˲ð׳ԼĲӣȿˮɣҸոȥˮˮȻСȴѵõˣ·Щ˽ǻչ
лл·׽ӹӣֿųΧˡ
ͻȻƽһ찡׽㣬ô°ôһƬӣ
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׽㲻Ӳ׹ɱŲ̲ס̾Ȼƽǣˡ
սվڴڿֵˮȻϴ·ף̲ס۾
һֻСĿǼʦԼģٶҲ죬ɼͳˣõ޽ӽֻ֣СĿһ֣ս֣ΪС̫ﻯͱȽϲˣѡһ⣬СĻ֡
õģҲ˾ʮϡ
սеǣ·ֻķֻ֣սһ֡
ɼʱսʶĿ·ףȴ·üͷ΢΢ɫˣ·ΪԼʧķֶоˬƵġ
ȻҲпΪֿ̫ˡ
¶ˮ߷֡
֪ΪΣսмŵһֵֹѶϢء
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һгɳʱҲʾţвԶĵطڻĮʱɳһ죬᳹׵ıɳĮ
ս뵽ʮ󣬻ɳɳĮľƬܿһƬдС
ǵϱӿһ¼Ƭ¶ɳˡ
ľһԻԱޣۼ֤ԼػɭֽʧɻĮ뾡һа취ͣͣȥأɴȻȴܲпᣬ󣬲ɭûˣɭֱԵĴׯҲ׵ıû
ϷڸλϣۿɭûˣͨԼŬֳһƬµӡ
һһȥʮꡣ
ǵĶӼ̳ǵǵӣҲһֱš
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ڻվֱЦжãж͡
ɣȥ˱߽ȴ֪ˡ
ԭǰɳϮһׯ˶ɳˣǽȥԮھһ̳ʱݶѹˣѹ棬ֱˣҽԺסԺ
ɣ̴ȥľܺãϵЦɣɣ
ɵҹ
ķХţ·һֻޣ
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ǽʰ磬תˣֹ죬ֻһˣͼԭЩӣѾûֻʣһݶˡ
Ļ棬ɣ𾪼ˡ
ս°ͣüͷ΢΢ţʼ˼ľ顣
أд
ûȻԱߵȴ
սһ㶣ȻæסԼĸӣüͷ𣺡ҵԭ壬ô͵أ
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ɳ
ŶҲȻֺôǷɳӸôץץͷʾ⡣
ս̾˿óɵġ
𿴵սıҲ֪Լ˵ɵˣһսûм˵뷨еץӸˣǺϲӰģиӰԭԼߣŵһӰĹ¡

ոոȥˣ綼ڡս۾ˣʵ
ʦ¡
ץץԴҷϣе࣬æһ磬дһ㣬ҺʦƼˣҪҪҲӵ㷭ĻҪĻʦ˵
ķģսӢȻãרҵʻȴǺܶ
º֮ģרҵʻһնԡ۵кѪ˿ɼæˡ
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仰ˡظҸ
ˣʦô㷭ģսͷͳһֽӣ滭־ͼǰСˣǱ׳ľ飬ȴܸЦ
㣬ʦʶҰ֡
һ޿˵ҪҲӦĻ´Ұֳҡ
ս壺
ʦķͦడ
⸱ģݲ򵥰
պһԺģֶͦãҪҰֺֻӾͺˡſ棬Թ̾˿
Ժ
ʯˣ
˶Ǹ˵Ҳпܡ
ǲӵģսѹʵ
ô֪ʱһҪ֪ϴѧ֮ǰֿǽֽҪ͵ˣͰӲ
սЦЦɷүүҲǲӵġ
գգ۾
˵ǵһ
㣬˵ع̲סĨһֲһأҲѧһۣͬȺְ
սеʵ̫˵ˡ
һϣս屻𷳵ĲУԭ͹ˣ˹ͬСܺ󣬾͸Լˣ˵սԴ˵ġ
Ȼᣬߺƻų
˭룬Ҳûʱ
Ƽһʫǡ̩ʫķ棬飬ֱͦٴʶţһ߶һսǻˣȻһƽʱ䵭˳߹
ϵҪٰʫбˣ׼̩ʫƪеġʱš׼ʲô

ϵʫб
û˵

66 ¶

ϵʫе, ͩǵڶ˵ġ
Σ쵽¿εʱͩ, ÷۱ʺѹڽ̿棬ɫƽ̧ͷϵٰһʫб, Ǹ׼һӢʫμӱڱ֮ǰҵžͲ, һֵ࣬ǹϰʱ, ҰǾ
£ʾžһƬһƬ̺, ̾ɧ
ʦÿ˶ҪμôһȾ֡
ãԸֿ, һǻӡ
ͻȻ⣬ʱ˶תͷ, һҪ˶ɫף·࣬һüҹû˯ģ
ԭǶҪμӵ, ȻҪĻҲԲμӡ̧ͩѹѹ
õҪĴ, Цеˡ
, ־ˣʦ, ЩģӴӢʱ仹̣ЩʫҲ֪ʦûƼ飬иȷѰҵķ򡣡
ȻҰ칫һ鵥ֿͩһ۳Ȼŵͷ۱ʺÿ
õʦ
ͩĿδִ˸Ƿͷ
˵ˣ¿Ҳˣͩ׼ذ칫ңʹźǷͩ棬׼ȥ鵥
ҹû˯ͩ飬һ¥һʵ
ţԹۣп˯
ҲǵģôżҲ㲻˯ⲻѧϰ
ίͰ͵գգ۾ɲʦʦ˵˵£Ѱ೤Ƽֱ˺öϣⲻǳǼŻ
Լ˵ȥͩʱЦ
̫Ѩʱͷˡ
ͩҲúЦҡҡͷ첽¥Լ칫ҵķȥˡ
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˸ת˸䣬ͷ˺
ͩһͷͿ·׶һӵ˹ʦ
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ʦո˵Ǹʫбܲμô·ͨĵͷָ°ڣңǲҿͩ
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ʲôôҪȻϵбܲμˣ֧֧ͩ˵Ȼ̲סüͷҲЩ·ͬѧȻܿϴѧ֤֪ѧϰҪԣѧУѾѧˣǵѧϰǼʦ̸̸
ͩô˵·׵ɫʱˡ
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㿼ԵǺʵģֻʦ˵Ͽεڣٿ˵ӢģǲԵġͩüͷ΢΢ţɫࣺӢһԣǵѧƣֻдſɾѧûʲôˡ
·½ǵ΢΢ţҲڲ
ͩӣеʧ
Ͼ·ҲõһѧӢķǳƯ
ǣӢﲻÿͿԵģһĴѧ»ûҵδѾʵĸλڶˣƩϵպȥĲţҪô⽻ҪôóĶóסطԿҪǺϸġ
·ײ˵Ӣģ濼ٺÿҲϲҵ
ûĻһϣܲμӣĿȷʵӽÿ춼ڽ㡣
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鵥ͻ˽ңȻЩ鳭ںڰϡ
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ͼʫ裬ϵĸֵѧˡ
廪ȻǸѧƫƫ˲ʫӣѧԺǱһ쵽ʫԣϵϵϵ˲Ĵӡ
дʫģӷոմӡ廪սΪ廪ѧУ˭ʫ±ѡеĻôϵ棬ͷˡ
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ϣͩҡ
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ŲأʫеģһİģͬѧɤӺһȻϵѧ
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Щһꡣ
ͩȻ˽ңͻȻüͷһ壺·أ
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ƽҲ÷
·ܣ֪Լ¶ˮѧʱ򻹹Χ
϶ʫ裬ͩйҫĳɷڣԵĶսǼ֣õһˣĻӢɢʫټǿϸǼ
һڿΡ
ڶڿεʱЩ߹ˣͩſʼָͬѧ
սǰȥʦ﷭ϡ
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ս̲ס˵Ҿá·ͬѧ֡
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ҲôսĿ
ȻĻô뵽ȥ·׵ıʼ
ţȷʵȽ֡
ͷԭΪֻǵĿﲻãҷ֣ʱıʼͱʼǱϵıʼȽϴ󡣡һҲһҹҲеۣ˵ÿ˶Լдϰߣ󣬻дһЩԼûע⵽ıʷ档
·ûУսգգ۾ʵ
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Ʃ磬һڷͲˣɤܣƩһΰС齲ΣͷգǴȥ˰С鸱鳤ְƩ磬ԵʱǰסΧΧϵĻ¶ˮ
ϸ˼ְ
˵͵˫ۣȻҲ뵽ʲôæסԼ͡
Ӿȥˣૣֲȥʦ˵μʫбء
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ץץԴǻҲȥ칫鵥ȥˣʦܾˣҪΣˡ
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սѾܶ϶ˡ
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Σա
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š
Ӧһתʦİ칫ǱȥȻѾ׼ˣץץͷԭе㳤ͷһץˡ
ϽȥʦǰɣҪȥˣֵæ
·׵飬Ҳȱȱ
սӵɻȥʦǶʦϿʱţЩĮһϷϣмһӢʵ䡣
սͷһЩнųԱߵϡ
㷭ϣרҵʱȽ١
˷һȿ
˵꣬Լͷʼ
ͰʱǸģͬĳǿɿս巭˷ϣһѧ־ֱʣʼԱߵİֽдд
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һߣֹĸʦ˵ٺܿ죬õĻǷԣս͵ûȻ
ʦİ칫æһСʱңԼŵ룬ʦڷˡ
ĸȥ
ս壺
ôô
аΪҪҺնˣסڽʦ¥Ǳߡִ˸Ƿգգ۾ҪԺߴ̫ˣҲʦסš
Ȼֲ
һ뵽廪Ʒĥôöûĥᣬʦ߾Ȼս;е㼵ʡ
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ЦŵͷӦÿԡ
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ĵͷȻͳսңսͿʼ۲·ףһü죬ʦûӦϿҲû·׵֣սе
ĩؼҡ
һĩںƼûսɴ˫̥ȥǮҡ
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ǰˡǮöŰԺȥ棬Լս˵ҡҡͷЩ꣺˺ܶ࣬ﱧɩǸŮҲϡӣ֡
սྐྵӣ⻰ͣסˣҶɩĹŮ
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йǮôսྐྵӣ۾סļڽ
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˵˭Ҫ˭ɩҲݵģֱӰѺռſһӶ޲˶ûͷû취ֻðѺӽˡ
ս⻰̲סЦЦ
û뵽ǸСƵĳƻľȻӡ
ˣҼǵǰǰ칫иĹǰɡͻȻǮһת˵ȥˡ
ţôˣ
Ӵǿ̫ˣǰ죬ֳ쵼ʯֽ˸˵ǰڷ֯£ڿѧԺģаģЩ죬û뵽ǰ칫ҵİ
Ǯ˷ܵ۾ˣµİѳӰˣսߴ˴գʯֶǹͦģ˵˵ǹô
ʯֺͰף
սеµĿǮû뵽Ȼôɵ顣
μңͳʯּ˺ü涼û磬ͻȻ׿ˣҲ̫Ϸ˰ɡ

ͦõĹԸᣬЩĸǰǳϷģǰЩҲؾˣƽˡս԰黹Ǻ˽ģȥʱѧԺҲǸôѧء
ɶǼʯֻȢѧ
ǮԭΪѧԺǽ̳ģû뵽ȻǸ˾Ĵѧʱ԰͸ˡ
ֻҪֵۣ֧ġս԰Ҳ⡣
ʯԸȴأῴᣬȴڸգžͺӡ
´ʯֻˣҾŰȥʱҪһȥǮЦǺǵս֣զ˵սڣǺҵĳͺ㹻ˡ
УһսڴӦ
ںҳ緹˯˸սŴźǻμСԺ
ӽ࣬Լ¥ȥһֱ¥һ廪ڣû
ټķӣֻսӡ
Ⱥ˯ˣﰲĲ񻰡
սûɻ˴ϣʶȥߵͷһƬ
һҹսķңȥĵһԺ˯˹ȥ
֪廪ˡ
һͷ廪ڰʦݣųӺǦʣͼֽϹԱߵǼ˵Ĳˣ˲Լûԡ
ӣߵڿͷȴս塣
ƽʱʱñźȿͷڣֻվʵҵĴڣŴ¶˼š
ͬ־Ҹȥһ·һ긾Ů̶߽
鷳ɩӡ廪ͷɩЦЦ
鷳оԱӾĴѧǿɲܵˡɩЦЦ̾ͳţ廪˻ȥ
һҶ۶̽ӡ
æҲóԷȻĻȥ̵ùˡ

67 

廪ЦЦ, 뿪ʼԷ
ôˣҶ廪Ӷ£Ȼȼһ̳һڣ㲵, ƼԵøݲϡ
һСˡ廪˿ں⡣
Ϊü춼ûô˯, ⵽ﶼо, 廪˼ڷ, ǿԼȥ
ݱȽӴ, Ǹѧϵ˹㡣廪е㰧ԹƳһҶۣǾϵġ
, ϶ǶƼ, ˵ĵӡ
Ҷһ˵һЦ, ˵һ뱻Ǻ, ֱԣ⼸ҵǾ۹, ǼһöˣСӾǸԵġ
廪ִڶͷϣЦ
Լ֪ԼЩôȰ˵, ʺϾǲʺϡ
ＸѡѾʼͷ, , 뺢, ̡˵ĸоʵ̫⣬ͺֻص˸ʱ, Щ˹, ֪ϢʱӿĹ¶С
˺, ޷, ֻӱܡ
Щ, ûоҶ۳˿, Ŀαϡ
ﶼãû취ͼϵ廪ֳһں⣬ֻü΢ƺǿŲȥģүүͶˣӲҪѧҪչ˺ӣҷĲ¡
仰ҶҲĬˡ
રળһ̣ͷ˵оԱ
Ϊ˹ңίˡ
оĶ֪һ㲻ãΪ˹ҵķչΪδǱѡǸĿãȥܺͼ˵һ䣬ЩĸоģԼʲôҪܡ
ܶŮ˸ɷһӣɷǸʲôĶ֪
ҲҫôҶͻȻЦ
廪ЦЦҫֻǡǾ仰ʺϸС
ûĻëңҪǳʱ俴ϱҵӾͻὥв˾԰żæһλԣҳʱͲˡ
廪仰˵ϼˡ
ϵҶ۶е¡
һ˼Ҽҵģϱܹô⻰Ȼô̹ʵ˵ڡ
廪ļɨɾͳ˲죺ʲôλΪѧľãƽͬ־ĹҲص㾭ã˵ʲôΪǹǿʢ
Ҷ⻰ɵסȻе
ȶ廪Ŀ˷䣬Ҷۿڵգ̾˿
ͬ־ԲûܽӸȰ˵ˡ
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µһܡ
Ϊ˵Ѿ·׵ʦԵ·ֲ˵ϢʱսȻ⣬ֹȻ˵ĸо
ƽ˵Ļˡ
˵ĩѼҵʱΪѯʴѧ£˵·׵˭ѵķӦǼңɵĸѧУ棬˵Ҫᡣ
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ɺȰסѣصң¶Ц˵ƽƽ²ۣƽҲͼĹȥˣⶼˣ˵Ƕء
⻰һɺƽǳĬһȻûһ磬ŮͶ֪·ж¶ˡ
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ԭ֪ˡæɫһ̵ܽģ
ˣס𿿽ˡǰֶ˼䣬·ѣԵġ
ԴȻȻĴʦĶ
ͩȻ·ʲôǹӦ̫ˣҲãԽ·׺˰칫ҡ
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εбͩĽȱˣѾʼڵΪʲôҪѧˣʵʵڼβôСҲǸɲء
Ϊ˲óſҽʱȥѰרԮ
Ҫȥ½˼úõİԼ˳һ˳ͩѡĲʫ裬Ѿ˴ѧߵһˣҲﵹ¡
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ΧľɫΧҲưЩͬﶫܵģһͣɫĴǰ
ǸϺͬ˵ǰסһλϣĹְġ
ɫĴţǰֻеٵ˼ãǰĺԺȷʵĳλԱĸۡȴӵĴԺһԺסĻ˼ҡ
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˵ţߵߣ裬廹ûؾͺУҷȥɻ
Ҳ֣˳ӵվ½˼ߣֻһһߵĵǧ𳳼ܣΣ𳳼ܡ
İɣҪҳһء½˼˸ۣܵİһ
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ﻹûʶڸ߿ףǶôصһ¡

ǵãָ߿ǰ죬ʵǳ˲ٶ¼ģǺܶűģ汾µıûƷӵĽ˴ѧУ԰ĻӦܰγܲ࣬ҳ档
ǵʱ򷨲ڵĻ˵ӹһ١
ɴ˾ǴˣΪֻ꣬˵ȴҲҭʳ֮ǰû뵽뵽ˣ˵ͱٲܳĬ
뷨ĩʱսȥս⻰ǳĬ鷿˴ҹ󣬵ڶڷϲſ˵ּң˵ǲӵģⷽûзȨġ
սԣЩʧ
ҾһƷɡ
ʦսĿ
ԣѾصѧУ԰ˣҵһ߿ǳʦֱϴ¶ͱŵƽͬ־ǰġ
һߺ࣬һϤĵĽ̵ҪСÿһ˿ʱƷɱҸá
˵ţ¶οЦݡ
뵽ңҲǲˣ廪СԽԽ󣬸Ҳûǰô׽ˡ˵ţ¶
뵱մºӴʱ廪׽
ڣ廪˶ˣүүĻ֪ȥĶ
˵⣬ġ
ս̰ڳЦдСǣⲻƤеˣүүæˣ廪ͲһˣүүԽ̵μҵսĴָ򲻵ѣĸɽ˵ˣ廪ⲻһС鶼鷳үүĻҲ̫ûˡ
ֱ׵ƨ
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ǡãСһ̣ŴսС죬̧ͷһ䣺̫үү׹
Сɦүĵ׵
ӴҵСԹԡҲһѱסСɾףֹסЦôôء
û˵ѣ̫үү׹
СǵķӦŪˣؿڣʾԼû˵ѡ
úúãǰû˵ѣ̫үү
˿ڣСЦˣսһС񣬷·˵ƨ㲻ҡ
սе
أĻȴһ˼·
ææĳ緹Ű;ȥҡ
ƷԺҵüͷĽģеҵеˣվˮرϴˣսгͷ̲֡
ѺӴզȥأ
첽߹һּһİѺӸ˻һԺһߺ쿴˭ˡ

68 

Ʒɳմҵ̧ͷ, Ϳһּһ˹
æ¸ֱʣæӣ廪ҵӰɡ
ǰЦǺǵĵͷ
սͣóͷ߽æֽﱧ, үү̡
үү̡Сͬĺ
GG, ȥǸԡʱϲЦտǣǵСȥô, һûһ߸սͣҶǼĻģ˵ںǱߵĻвٽڵ覴ƷҲ, ǾڻԱߵĸʳƷġ
Ʒɵ˵·, ·ǰ䶣, ۻô࣬һҪ˶顣
Ҳ֪ʱ, һֱûֹͣѧϰ, Ʒƽӻؾʦ, Ǳĸϰ, Ҳڵһʱĵ˼ԺǶԸĿ˴ѧ
ֻҲ֪ô, 걨ĴѧȻûһǵ, ֲϵر
Ȼר覴ƷĵطսЩʵ
ǿɲ, Ķ, 覴Ʒ, Լĺá, ϵŷֱ, ǻġ
ս忴һ, ʱȤպǾҪǱˣպ϶ֵ
ҿɲ˼ҵ覴Ʒǵĺá
ս뵽պȫ綼ǡ졯̲סЦǹ㣬ţҪ˶꣬Ǿܸ˼ˣ˵ԺǻǿĹһ÷ǻأʱ򣬡졯鲼ȫ磬Щǻû취
־Ʒ̲סĹƽкá
˭һŰģֻҪսĳ̲סĳȡ
Щţ⻰е˰˼۾Ͳܹˣ
š
ս°ֽЦе˵ǻŽᰡ˶ټǿϸɰǰڷ֯ʱǿȫֻҪΪ׬㣬ǿûûҹĸأЩ˿ɲŽᡣ
ЦЦȷʵ۳Կడǻ˵һû˸˵ڶġ
ƷսЩ̲סĦһСԴͷ̸ĸ̸ţ˵Ǻ£ͷ̫ãһţ˿ͷĺӣֱͶͷȥˡ
սһ
ȷʵʮȷ˳ȳ
ʱס˵ߣǰ̵ͶͷкܶˣĨĹҡ
Ĳǿ
ս̾Ϣһֻйǿˣܽ˲ڹڣǱʱҸߡ
ƷĬΣɫء
˵ĶԣȽӴģһĴѧ˵ţƷѾʼˣһȺԿĴѧ̳мֿסջأ
ţѾսϡ
廪սޣǲɶõ˲ţǰǼϼһֽ̳ѧĻŶص츳ǧʱˡ
ƷԽԽżȵҪ廪󵽹ҵսϡ
Сհ˵廪ôģƷƵĿڣõĵλֻҪȥٳ׵Ķ˲𣬵ʱһϣǸӪģôͲԸأ˵ˣĻæ˾Ҫ
ˣսһ㶡
ûŶţ˵ǶҪƷץץͷϡͷֻۡ
ǰºӴʱ廪ʡĵѧˣǼ϶ʲôѧʲôԹʮֿ̿࣬һȥҰʳЩ϶ӣڻˣǳͷ۵ѧˡ
Ѳ⺢ӵر
ʵɡر廪
սĬһ˲ȻŻڣǱ¸ˣͷһֱиᣬԼĵطΪʲôûˣԲ벻ʦ˵Ҫǳʱ俴ˣẦ¡
ƷҲĬˡ
Щˣÿ˵ĵ׶˺ۡ
ЩʹҲ廪ȥºӴʱҲʮѣӵĶ۰һ˺ۿɲ͵ۡ
ǡ
ҾǾòģôõĺӡ͸иǰ̲Ŷԡ
սʱЦˣ⻹򵥣ѧľȳֱӷֵЩطԱˣҲԸӷġ
Ʒһ㶡
Ŷ
ôˣ
еĵطҲֻпѧңԱأʱְֱȥҸʲôθͷʱ򲻻÷Ӱţ
˵Ķԣƣӿ졣
һۣɣôҲµʱ廪㷭
ᡣ
սЦҡҡͷֻҪܾ廪Ͳˡ
ааɣȻô˵ҾͲˣİɣҴǵͷȥһεǣӵС֡ռøǡ
Ժսߵɳ¡
ʦҹʵһصҪ㱨սɫѹ˵
ƷϵЦҲˣü΢һ
ϡ㱨ˣ黹ͦء
θ߿ǷΪ
Ʒɵֶʱһʲô
ģǰи·׵ͬѧս忪ʼһһʮĽ·׵Ʒɣ˵΢üͷ⻹ֻǷֵһ󣬿Ҳ֤˸߿ѧȽϼףӣѧУһָĴѧĻֻҪ¼ȡ֪ͨͻ֤УһƬûУ˭֤⻧ھǸѧ˵ģҪͬͬյ¼ȡ֪ͨô죿
ɡ
ƷЩµķҲû취°βμӸ߿ģ඼ѾμӹĹԼ֪࣬ҪҪѧƬĻ̫ˡ
üͷĸˣңڴѧѧһˣô֪˭ģ˭Ǽðģ
ܼ򵥣ٿһԾˡ
ս壺ٳһױȸ߿ԾһЩ¿ӣɼ̫ģҽȥһ顣ֳɳķ֣֮Իָ߿ѧĿľѡ˲ţ˲űЩҷϴѧǶЩ˲ŵĲƽǹҵʧ
Ʒ򴽣ڳ˼
ȷʵս˵ѧΪѡ˲š
˵ıϾ
ս̾˿֪ǧｭѨʺһ࣬Щ˼ȻˣֶνѧУպȹҿź󣬿ҲܵˣȺѾϰʹֶδﵽĿˡ
ƷЩû˵ֻǵȼһ̣˼Ŀʼ̡
սһûȵ𰸣ɴȥȥˡ
ҳȺ˯ˣսŴǻȥе㲻ģҲźгȥͣٳŵʱƷͻȻ˵һϱȥôӦ
սͷллʦ
źӻμңսžͿˮ
࿴ˣǰºӴʱͱȽɻϵʮҪõģټ棬
æڰ֣˲ˣҵûؼȥˣڼء
˵꣬ǿƵģгͷɿˡ
һžͱСûꡣ
˵汲ס
Ҳ廪ֻǹȥ̫ˣ۰ֻܷ䵽СϣǲŽĽߣӲ̫æźӻ˳׼
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⻰˵еᣬȻӢݱİС飬ֵѧ۾졣
Щӵദ˵Ƽ˵еģͬĹϵ΢ЩҪĹмա
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ᣬս˿ұŴȰѱĶһԶ˹
һ˵æأû뵽Ѿˡ
սʱſͻȻϤ
ս͵ػͷͿ廪˫ֻأſϳԼЦӡ
廪
սǲŵỽһȿԷͷ̼һ󺰵廪ɻˣҺ㰡һߺţһһĳ廪ȥ
廪СڵƵģһֿĽŸϣȻͽϱ˸
սȦ廪Ĳӣ˫ȼһֻβƵĹš
廪ʶס񱧰ƵıЩӶ˲٣ȻĻǵñѹſ˲ɡ
ս壺
ʲô˼˵ֿ
֡
廪Цŵ£žʮʲô
ս廳ʱǵźӵĳûˣǱȻǰʮ⣬žͳغƨˣϾڵѾǰƽģǰ͹Ů緶ˡ
Һ㰡
սһֱӱ廪ԴͶţ͡󡯵ĸһڡ
廪ĺ˻ȥϲģսֱףҲ㡣
ñط꣬һӶ·ǡ
ڻ˼ѧУҲֻк̵ܶʱ䣬űϵڴ򿪣Ҳͼӵʱ䣬ǹʱ廪ѾԹĿʼսʰˡ
ǡʱ򣬳Ҳˡ
廪۾ˣΪҺôұץŮأû뵽иù
˼ǸԼϱᣬܽеùôǽҡ
źҲһ£̲סˡ
廪ô˵̲סЦλͬѧ˵ĶԣǰԼϱء
ʱĲ֪ôǺá
ǡſڷƼ󻹸ǾϵӶ
ΪϴαƼ廪ͱﲻסˣ˵ͬѧȻôԼϱôϴʫбûѽ
Ƽϵһ廪ɫˡ
廪һ£ȻϵЦݾЩˣǣ
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˼ѹûס
ԱѣǰסһᣬϵǸ
廪ͷҲȥΪĿԽ̵ģʲôˮƽҺ˵ţֿƼˣ֣󣿡
ϵǺˣͰ͵˵ԣԣǣʲôʱģ
յ廪ü
ʲôǣƼͷɻĿ֡
ףû˵ôǾϵ֧ǡ廪ŷƼ¶ơ΢Ц
ϵ֧ǡ
뵳Ƽ߬ء

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Ҳ֧ǣЩŵ
ϵ֧ǣ
֧ǱӸаô֧ǣ
̲סҧ
廪Цŵͷû˵ʲôֱ֣, ǰ֣ʦǷϣȥһ½, Ҫ
а, ȻҾȥȥϴЦ, ȴڷࡣ
֮ܺͷƼ󣬾Ǿֿ̿ࡣ
뵽Ǵ, ֻѧϰϣѹûأ
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һѳƼĸ첲, ЦŶ廪ͷǣ߻, ƼǶҪʰȥ㡣
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һ·¥С, ֲһ˦Ƽ, ڲסıŭƼ֪֪Ϊܲãܲò
Ƽ˦֣ɫҲѿô֪ϵ֧ǰ˵, ϵ֧ʦţֵõѧ
˼ǣ֧Ϳڱɷǰӣ
Ƽһ, Щķʲôʱ˵ս岻, ˸ô
ҿһ㶼֪Լ
ʧĿŷƼϴʫеʱ, ôұ֤ģΪһ֪ʶӣȴ·һоøƵģֻ˵ЩĻ㻹Ǵѧ
Ƽ죬ƲԴ˵
ֻǲӹţһģ
㵹Ǻ˵˵ΪʲôԸӣɣͷǰСĹ
ûʲôһЩͬе㿴ѡ
Ƽû˼˵ʵࡣ
֪˵ˣҲֻͬս뷨
ּԸ˵ʱֱ꣬ӣȻȻˡ
㲻˵ҰôƼʱˡ
ˣĴѾˣʣµ飬Լʰɡ˵꣬ҲܷƼôӦֱӴ뿪С֡
ƼߵĶţæСȥֻϵͬѧǻûȫߡ
һߣִŷƼ뿪廪ֻͷæսӣһһ˸ȥ
𻹺ЩŰףȴģһ·Ҳۣ־Ͳˣſ̵ϴ۵ֱߺߡ
ᣬ̲ס˼á
ǰáҲԱߵĴⴲҲ棬滹ѧϰĿռ䣬ϧѧУֻһŮ¥ģǿܲ
㻹˵סڽʦ¥
̲סİԹƳ۳
ʦ¥
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ץץͷû˵ôʦᡣ
û˵
Ϊʱ廪Ѿ׼ʵˣս˵ҲûãҲһססڴᣬϻ˵ء
廪е
ԭ¥סĺúõģôͻȻҪˣֻھ¶ֵĸŹţôô˵ҲǻŶ԰
·Ҫڶθ߿֮ǰҪճס
ǰɡ
˾໰ȻԹ˵סؿڣһǰɣס
żҲҪˡ
ǡôͷսһӣ߽ݸ֣㿴֪ͨˣᡣ
ģҲҪ᣿ǸԹ飬·ϴ˴꣬ƵסӣǹѧУһЩ滮˼ҳ󣬾ͿǨ֪ͨʱ˷ˣϳ̣쿴ҪᵽϾ¥Ǳȥˡ
Ͼ¥¥ǰȥĻҲǵһסѧ
һ룬ֱ̰
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̽ӵݻս壺ϽĸϽġ˵꣬ųͷܣǼƱȳżء
Ƕˣ廪ŴսӣĶģ
ʦġ
սԴ岻ãܶûôྫЩɲģȻܰǵ˵ͩĶӣս̲ס̾ԭΪ߿סԺֻżȻû뵽ȴǳ̬
æҲûôġ
ںϵ֧ʦϵͺܲ

ʲôʱϵ֧ô֪սü
ֻ֪廪սѧУʱǰ೤ΪҪȥϵϿξˡ
ĿǰֻʦݲܲμĿ
廪ЦЦһ·˷ŽóһոµСͭѹȻһ֣ˣǻؼң
ȻҰѲӸͻȥǾͻȥ
ս廪ȥŮСͤţԼСӻԭŮǱߣһһļ飬ȻˣȴҪɨɾġ
ȽˣȻȥˡս彫ӵݸ
˵ɷˣȥɡ
ͷӽӹ첲һУϵķԾ˵ɷǰƬģûа취赽ӳڷ֮ǰ֯ӢϵͬѧǿһӰ
һȥȥҪʲôĵĵӰ
ɡ
ץץģʵҲ󶮣ܾϵҲ֪ϵЩĸġ
ΪѧԹٶὲǵʦʦżҲǿ޾Ӷ࣬ȻȻģЩ˱ǽĻ˼ġ
ս뵽˷Ƽﻰⶼ͸¶Ż編˼Ҳɫĵͷ
ãĩһȥƬǱ߿ġ
ս¸廪μСԺ
廪ĹǾϲ̸СȥӪ˻һ߽廪֣廪С߳ô꣬Ҳ͵걻ȥʵʱֿ죬ԺǾûֿôãһ廪ʵҴ£Ȼϲ˵֡
һϣûж˼ָǲ۵Ķ廪
ˡ
һ˺üŵԵ⣬ʵҿ϶ûúóԷ
ûУ̣ûݣʵǱ˶أҪǲԷܰѷ͵ʵ廪ͷԵЩε˵
զأ϶ǻʳá
ִΪ廪ˣһ廪һķ
廪ŵ䲻ɳֱߺߡ
˫̥廪ûеİСȺ󲻸ҳ˶Ҳְ˭ˣһһҵķڰְֵϥϡ
Сȣʳ
ȰݵǶȴȰ࣬£廪ϥǣȻŸ첲廪Ķʹһѹ

廪ֻԼҭɤŵûѹ
ӣ
廪ŴĿ
̧ͷְֱ
廪֣ڻЩΣԼ֪ԼأҶ챻ѹ³ˡ˵ţ̲ס̧ıӡ
СƲԴӣۡ
Ҷûôˡ廪æɿ֣°ϸ˿־ıӺȷʵԼе죬ʱе飬Ͻȥת˻
ΪһС̰̰׵ģںڵͷŵƵģҪһС̱죬ָʵ̫ˡ
ƫƫôԵСȴиԵӡ
ձ廪Ͱ廪ĸ첲ָָ⣬衣
廪Զˣöɳϲ
ˣʱСƨɶֻͣСѾͣĵ廪Ķӣ廪ˣû취ֻñȥս塣
սԺϴ롣
ŲתͷͿ廪ﱧһǣһ
Сֶտѹˡ廪ε²ۡ
սպϴ룬һ뵹˵ˮԶˣ
ǰƽʱ˰뷹廪˿ķ򣬼û˳ŴյսС˵Ҷˣǳȥɢɢɡ
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ٳʱϵΧȹõˣ廪ǽ˫̥͵鷿ȥˣСֵĳţҹɫ֮ľҲȰʱ׽Щ
˵ܲܵƬҵӰӳڷ֮ǰżӰ
ƬǱӦзӳȥһ˾ˣû˵뿴ʲôĵƬӣ
˵Ҫĵġ
廪ɵüڵĲӰǰĵģ
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ڵĵӰǸͣķֿյӰߵɡ
ʵҾðѾҪٿˣǵýǹҵʷóúýһŶԣģʲôҪ
ս뵽պ󣬰ӹͣûĶţӣҽٷ֮ʮר;ʹĲѣǿɶµĹ屦
ǹҲһ׷չִȴǵĸ
νľģǵʷҲޱȵĵطǲܶǵĸԡսԽ˵ԽЩ״
廪ֲڿڴŵЦºҰݵĿս塣
սĹ滮ܶ࣬ҽʳϷ磬ֹա̫̫ҪչʾĶȵҪеЩ뷨ɻ棬չʾеİǰ
Լķʽǡ
ҪԱҪ־壬ǵĴǰ
廪ĺܵģһĸ￪ţҿ϶д˲Ҫʧġ
廪̾˿ֱס˵΢СģֻҪ͹ˣֻһЩ˳⣬ţ˻Ը⽨ġ
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廪Ļûȷʵδڶ̶̼ʮͷչ˳󶼺ˣֻӲ˵ãϳԼĴ
ǣڹҷչ֮˲ȻԽԽá
뵽ϱӣѧѧȴϻعﻹ˵ʲôѧûйġûʵģЦԷǵĻ͸оޱȵᡣ
治֪ʲôõģνѲԼĹѣٲҲԼģס˼Ҿôô
սԽԽˬ̲סҧгݡ
廪Щûĸ￪أôģĸĸˣҪżˡ
սһۣתߡ
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ܶҲۣҲܿʡ
ԼҪˣǰһķڣӣǰĿһ飬ֻͷҲźüʮˡ
ıĥƤ˿ţʹˣȴһҿԣſھɽߡ
ڣһƽ̹ĵطЩԷͣסŲ
˸䣬ӰͳҰӣ׼С
ȴ룬հҰȡǰͻȻһڣ˲ԿصԱߵȥֻԼͻȻƱ󴸺һƵģܼˡ
ɸܵǣԱһСɽ꣬ˤȥܲ˵϶Ǹϴ󲿶ˡ
ڽʱԱͻȻһַֻס
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˵һŮˡ
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ǰǸ֪࣬½˻飬µɷˣ˾ͱҼ޸һȳӣҲԸ⣬Ǿʹңʵܲˣܻңȥ֣Ҳңܳˡ
ҧһڷȵҰӣ֮ҿȥ֮Ҿ뱼һ·
ô˵̲ס̾˿
ҧӶ﷭˰죬һŴǡ
ողǵѪǣԵľͺˡ
ץҰӵ΢΢һ̧ͷһۡ
ֽ־˾٣԰ɣͬˣǶۣܵҲиӦ
š
֣ǣҽн񡣡
ôֽǡ
˻ͨϵҲЩ
緹ϢʮӣֿʼڽʱʵûˣǻӺѡ
ܸмǣȴ֪ô
ڿԽʱ򣬽͵͵ĽԱȥָָǰͷˣС˵͵͵ĿˣǵİޱѰ˼ţǴޱŵȥ
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ҪԽ϶ҪЩֶεģֻǻ
ʱǸǺ棬ǳøߣݣȥݴȥ
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һŴǻģֻĸжޱȣҲ¶ˣһҪŽȫĵִ۳ǡ
ȵҹ
һֱǱȺڶˡ
ǣӣȺдһҪεӣѾˡ
űıδһѲӣһ׾͹˵ϣ˼ææȥһ䵽˶棬ҪӣͿһһŮֽѸٵ˳űһֱ䵽ǵߡ
ܡ
ȱδ󺺷Ӧһסĸ첲ܵĴ˳ȥ
Ǹո뿪ҵһſţһܼľ

71 

ſڲݵ, ǵİѹԼıϣһֱֻǿƵѹסļ
Ҳ֪˶ãǹϨ
ڵĶ˶, ȴ룬һ̾ͱѹס˼򣺡𶯡
ӽסˡ
ǵ˲ߣſŰɡǵ͸պڽĶ, ÷˵Ļ
Լĸ첲ϣֻðӶˡ
, ͬ־΢ŲôҲѧ, ˵, С, Ϊ˿ĺܽ
Ǻڲŷֶ˵Ĵ˺ƱһƵ, ͵Աһ
Ÿо̹ˡ
ǴӸոεľﻺŷԼƽɵ̬ͷ, ÿڼ϶ǿգǰƣ뵽һ̣·ͻȻʧˣﶼˡ
ͻȻסЦˡ
ɻ̧ͷЦʲô
Ӹ۳ɹˡ
ǵС˷ܵ˵
˶ˡ
ſڲ, ˫ĿȻĿǰͻȻ, һ, 䡣
ɹˣ
ɹ, ɹӸˡ
ѹſŤͷΨһܹԼˣҲ̲ס˵§Ĳ˿̣ѾϾ˼Ůֻ˴ˣһ߷ĵ׵ļһĵ׵ã
δ·ںηҪôİĳȥ
Ҳ֮ٵ޾ķգڴ˿̣ǵϲ뼤ʵģ¶꣬һ̣һ
***
Ϊ廪İæӰӳ׵ľͽ赽ˡ
廪ʱ䣬ĩԵǰϣҲøǷһ飬һ¿ǰ
ʱĺܿ죬һգ۵ĹĩҲ쵽ˡ
һ磬廪սϰεļ٣ȥٳϰæĻæŵӰĲԱСվڲٳϣ̲סĴں
ɶأ廪߹ȥһϡ
ûɶһĿȥҲú͸Ƕ꼸䡣
Сӣ廪ͷӳǶߣ˵ǴѧǲһϵĲݶĻϢⱲǲܵѧԺָҶӻࡣ
廪ЩЦԼŬָӣ
㲻
СҡͷԵĸ̾ΪҲУԲָҶӣҪܿϣҪɶ
⻰˵ģΪ˿ϴѧƵġ
Ҳ˵ԣԴ¸߿˼Ѿձ˼ˣڲ֪ټҳһ߱ȺŬ飬һ߶ſϧԼûи߿Ļᣬ˵ĺҪǸ߿ûˣ׼ǴѧƵġ
ӴӰ̵ȫ
СԴ廪һʱ۾ˣæֵȥЩЩʲôȫ
ȫΪкüûءսЦǺǵӳ֡
Ǹմʳôͷ
Ϊ廪ŵӰĺˣǲҪǮ֣ϵȻС⽻ս壬ȥʳô˵㷹ЩװĻĹ˳ԡ
СԱæˣЩ˷ȥɡսкСԣӵݸ
СǷӳӵĸˣӹӾͳɤӺӣЩȥǼˡĿڽƬϣһûָӡ
ӹӹӣս庩ЦЦӴͷǸãȥҶӳȥ
Ǹǵսæ˵
ɲһ廪ѧͷԣ˵ԺҲѧ
ӴӵǱߣһͿЩȡ˸ԵͷһĽͷȻӿڴͳԼ׼ͷ
ս壺
ɽһĸǳġ
Ϊ֪ͨλɫһϵ;ϵѧǾǰ¿Σŵӵ˲ٳϵѧʱ¿ΣеǡõٳģֱӾͱѹѹ˸һһһĻ߸ߵţȻ׼Ӱˡ
Щżȥվſ۵ĻţɴȺҴܣָҵһԼŵӡ
еļģһʱȥҵԱѯʽҪʲôӰ
һǡЩʲôȫЩԭ׼ͬѧҲææĻؽҰȥˡ
ȫˣĵƴ򿪣ٳѾˡ
ԭֵĳȵѸٵİ
ɣͽĹ¿ʼˡ
ЩӰ֮ǰǿģһһĿָоǲһģǰΪʱԶڶʱܻǵһݣڲһڿƵġ
һ˵ı鶼е
أɣ̫ˡһƸеѧϵŮĨᣬ޵Ķˡ
ǰôôңòȴһˮٵˡԱһͷŮҲǿ޵һѱһѵġ
ǺһŵһͬѧȦҲģǱǼǿЩûп޵ô
˫ֻأüͷ΢һĵɣͽҲȷʵаţоߵĶĶѣҪ˵˵ţ°ͣǵǲӣȥ˵һХӣֱûˡ
ѧϵŮ
⻰ŵ޶޲ˡ
ɱɣڿɲ⽨ţСıֱ
⻰һͬѧʱˣͼӰ
ר־ˣԱߵ˶ˣͲСΧ˶ˣٿֻôôԾ·𽨹ɣƵģĶĶù
˵ⳡӰѧ֯ģٳһ¥¥ѧУѯߵĸУ
ԡǸУһ͵һЦǺǵĵͷѧһԷޣеŮͬѧ⼸ӰԭߣѧУҲմ˹ˣѵ֯ⳡӰ
ķܺðݣܲ
У̾˿ȽѾЩˣŹȣҲȺӿЩӰչֵԵĹԡ
ǵģЩֵӰȴЩ֪ʶ⣬ͻľԵĹԡ
ǰǰӣ໥֣֮ǰܵھӣǺЩ겻˵ϱУſ˴˵֣Ϊ˶Էƴ
ٹҪĩ˰ɡУͷ۸У
ţٹĩ
ȣԺӰĩ֮󿴰ɣҾܲԺԵѧУĴͳУЩε˵
޷ѧ֣Ͼ˼ĺģڿǰӰⲻǺ
Ӱһ쿼ܿĺô
ҲúܲУЦŵͷ̽⼸仰
æ֯ͬѧСȫȻ֪ԼĵӰպ廪ѧĴͳȻ֪δͳ棬úõĴѧӰƯѧԺһĴڡ
Ӱӳĵڶ죬ѧһֿܵ״̬С
Ȼʦ϶ȥģֻõͷˮĩ˰һѧѧϰĳɹ󣬻ܿóˣûйԼŬͿˡ
һû۵Ӱˡ
һͷֻ޲ڿǰٽһ顣
ĩԼ
һĿԣȺӵĴѧľûˣԾͷżˣս廪ΪǱѧǰɲȻУ
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û뵽Ƽӻͦоͷء
ͳҲ棬˸źԺӡ
ֻ֮ǰ︱׽Ǽųˢİװ׵ģӣ϶տյʲôûС
ƼӴӳ̽ͷȣԺԣ
УԺ԰ɡ廪Цŵͷ
Ƽæӳ׼ȥݰӣ廪æţȥæˣǼԼޡ
Уĺƫģᣬˣɹ˵ѣǵ㼸ѬѬӡƼ廪ս̬ȱȽ⣬ڰ־ȥˡ
廪ųݣ̧ķ
ƼٶȺܿ죬ǵӸշźãɸӶ˺ü̲˳ˣȳԣ滹вء
æˣƼҲһ԰ɡ
սæк
˲ˣǳԾС
ƼЦǺǵİڰ֡
ȫ廪кųԷ
ǼûȾƣǵĻ˵ǷǳĶȾƵıɱԣǼȾƣƼ÷ģõˡ
ͶˣһԲˣʱߴߴۣ˰ɣտڡ
ͬ־ͷ顣Ƽ⻰̲סĴ
ЦЦԺǰиɩӾģĲ˺һûĺóԡ
Ƽʱ°ͣǿɲϹǰ˼ӵģգû˵Ҫǰ㲻ûܵɶġ
⻰Ǵţˡ
Ƽ̲ס̾ҲڲܿˣҪǰ˵ûܽϹİ࣬ȥ¥ӡ
ԺܿˣӿһҪ갡׷Ƽա
Ƽá¸¸¡Ц
ﻹţʹá
Ҳ˿ڲˣڱ߽µʱΪ⣬Բ˶ģůӣζˣǳԶᣬҲ˾Ǻ󣬸ϲ嵭һĲɫ
ƼĲ嵭ģģչ˵ˡ
˶ӶˣһԲĳ˺üں󣬲ſ˵
Ҫ߿ˣѧǾͳѧѧˡս÷һߺһЦ˵Ǳҵ˴ʲô
۲ˣæȥ˿÷˳˳ڣӦûȥ⽻
⻰˵նѾȷƵġ
һӣһزӰһûء
ȻǸˣ
սĿ
ڰ֣㣬ְְս֡
ЦЦǲĸ߶˲ţר͵ѧѧ֪ʶġ
ս忴ų𰵰զֲ࣬óƽʱķ涼սִɶģһʱڹ
ҪұӴЦ˵
ôңսɫĿų
ⲻǵͬ־Ҳǵͬ־֮һûͷƵĹ廪ļϣȴĮ廪һĿ
廪˿ŽսϺͳһȴѧҵҲҪزӵġ
սͷǲ⡣

ǲǴӲԸҲһûĺ
ҪƫȫģüΪ
ôˣĶã˭涨˾͵ˣҲǺܿɰĺô̲ˡ
˵ûǶɰˡ
սæ
ЦˣǶǡ˵ţսСʵǱҵ׼ȥĸţԺĵӰôҼǵ·ݵʱ򣬾ǵ̨Ĺ̨˰ɣҪȥô
˵䲻ڣܻĻйϵġ
ս廹ûԼҪȥĸţܹҪӰģڣʱȫȥ
־佱һ䣺ԺҲҪΪڣȥ
廪ͳ𶼸Ц
ˣδڣǸϽˣûȥء
廪÷ƣϣǵóԸ
óԸ
ĩ죬У԰ѧ߹ˣټУ԰
廪ֱƷ׽ס˴ȥʵңսǴźӸֱӻ˾СԺСϺ¾ԱСĽӡ
СҪȥȥˣµľԱС
棬ڰæв˵Сܸս塣
СæսЦŵͷɩӡ
á
սҲѺõĵͷȻŤͷࣺôСϲԱˣ
ԱһģСϸүүˣȥˡ֣°ָָԱߵˮ裺Ӱưˮ
սæҨ˰ưˮ
ҿСͱСϻСء
ȥģʮꡣ
սզࣺҲ̫Сˣչ˵ĺүүô
զչˣС⺢ͦõģǰŴͦϸģ˵ǼССŸɩӴֶֶŮ⼸СʰֽҲ
һ߶ţһѸٵ档
öҪͼүүҲæСڼŴӣҲ֡
ս̾˿ҾǾ̫Сˡ
Сɶ㵱ʱ򣬲Ҳʮ꣬˼ȥлͷǿ
࿴ͨ͸ģһűЧģѾƽˣ˵Ժ󶼲Աˡ
ս˵ҲɵЦˡ
СߵʱǶ׼㶫żҲˡ
϶ġ
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磬СϱŰСž
ɩӣҴȥҽ
սҪͼȻͷţȥɡ
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ˣ
籧һڣֶžСס
ˣɩڼﻭͼء
ʱϲЦտæȥ
Աߵиæʣͬ־ҪЩʲôµӰô
ҾͲ֪ˡ
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ɲ֪ͬ־ˣȻµȥ
һһģСЩĿ࣬
ȳҽңСʣСϸ磬ɩǸɶģо˲Ӱ
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С̱ࣺ֪ˡ
һǾ»ܴһĴڣ
սɲ֪ԺЩСѰҪ߸鷿ʼݻͼѧУʱѾɣͽĹдˣ֮ǰдɣɳ𾪡
ϾѸ٣ˮĲңɳƺºͲ١
ɣˣǸоĿġ
ŽȥΧĴׯѾȣһԷޣסɳĮÿĻҲɣɳɳĮ
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ЦǺǵ˵ûϵȻǰֳԺҲһֳҺɷÿˮֻҪ֮һĿܣҶҪֳ
ɣǣɲãҪܶѽ
ǸûϵˣûˣҶӣӣһ죬һܰɭֳ
ɣ̲סЦˣ޹ɽĹô
ֻǲɳٻĵطˡ
ɷ۾ˣôĴָ۽ǵ᣺ڼʮǰ˭뵽һƬɭأɳƬӣԺɱĵطҲ޹սʿɳսʿ
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ǰƽķӰ˲ޱȵĸߴ
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Һһȥ
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࿴˿ͷĴ̫æ˶ңȥɱɹˡ
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ǸֶܸŮдĻϲĵӰ֡
аսȻڴӦ
ڵĴѧǽˣϼҴﰡ겻֪඼׼м˻ģҲġ
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Ǹ˸ûȤɫڽ
Ҳ˵ʲôֻǳĬ飬ȶˣǲȥֻǳȥʱиԶԶġ
ԶԶģһ˵СҲԼ˵Ҫָ˼ҰŽ̺أ˰ģԼɶԼ֪ô
ˣ˵ˣʡ㳳ܡ

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ͦԵģġһʰһ˵
ҲŲأ迴ɶɵĵģ
սЦ˵˵ĶԲԣ
沼ϻˣʱͷһ֣ʾشôɵ⡣
ԣ
Ǿؿڣʮ˵
ˣԺðɡ
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ҵνպһ˾ˣֻǣⲻвһŮ˵£ҪĻ÷һС˵ǰͷɲԸʱ˼ҹû¶ֻϣҽС
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⣬Сûɣܿôս뵽ԺʮõգСʮߣǸ֤ʻоûȫˡ
ܵģ֮ǰڲѵ˺üˡ
ս壺
ǻļֻǵûգա
սһЩѣȥ˺ҡ
ǮϴƨɣսˣóԵģСϺСˮȡ
æˣ衣
սæ
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սȥϴһ飬ȻһǮ˵³Ǳ˹ˡ
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Ǯҧһţ۾У˵𣬴ȥ廪ԡ
أ廪ʦʵȥˣڼңˣٸԣԶӡ
֪Ѳܶ
ô˵Ǯ˺üŸԣҪսţŻսӷžϣȻ˵ʯ֡
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ԶԶģǼкӵĳЦ־Ǹɨġ
ԣеĶһʺζ
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Ҳﲻסˡ
æս庰С̡
սһ㶣ǸĺӾȻǿ
æƿ˳СܵǿߣһѰǿӣզ£Ϊʲô㰡

72 

ǿһ, ȴŲ˵ƺԼɺܶˡ
ս˵в˵˵Ļҿ, ʱǼᡣ
ǿӲ˲
ԴЩŤŤĿڣ, Ұǵİ, ĩû, ҰֽмҳˣǾʹҡ
սЩ
κʱ򶼲ȱСӣҲκʱ򶼲ȱУ԰
̧ǿԴ, , أ
ǿһʱ˼Ӳ˲ᡣ
С̡̧ͷսһۣ, ԲҪҰô
սһ£Ϊʲôѵ㱻۸, Ҫţǿ, ˼ɲ԰
ǵġ
ǿʱˣͷеĽ͵ֻǲְ
˵˵Ϊʲôѽ
, Ұǲ, ǲеĶ, ˵ʺζǿҲﲻסĺôС, ҲһʮĺӶѣԼĸױ, 򲻹, ޷Ϊ˸׵϶ս, ҲøĻġ
СӵĿħġ
ս屻Щͷ, ѹסǿļ򣺡˱ˡ
ǿʱҿˣǿ޹ˣǲͣĳҭţս̾˿ߵǼͷСǰû˵ֻⲽš
ǼӱŲء
ʱƣǵԴԽԽͣԭҲԽԽ
ʦϵģ
ΪʦҼҳԶʦˣԼȥʦʦĶ
սվдϳǿǹԵġ
ӵԴĸˡ
Ǵʲôãѵǳɼܺãʦܲмҳ
ߴǸӻе㲻ţҲûŻŻšûŻǿԼŻˣ˭뵽ǿС̾ȻǸġ
ǾûҪǰŻô죿
սĿţҪ£ǿҪεģʱﲻְ裬ÿԲůҪɺܶʱúö鶼û
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ѧԭԴȥ
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Ҳ֪ϴǱսŵˣ֮ʵʵĸǿǸˡ
սżȥҰᣬûպȺСǣסǿ֣ǿӣСؼң
ˣ̴ȥ̼ңҵѧУҰֵġ
˵ѾˣʦȴǺæµΪָ߿ԵʣиеıȫҪץص㣬ԺϢʦǻüæµ
Уȥ֣ˣȻҸõ㶫
ս˵žתСŻسȡһ

ȫǿһ˲侪ϲĲ֪Ǻã֮ǰսһףûѼҾͱ˺ˣû뵽ھȻٵһס
һ³ģǶûءս̲סǿԴС̵ˣϽȥͷˡ
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ǿѾȫˣı飬Ŀս˳ӣȻ̵תѧУߣû룬ûѧУأֱסˡ
ǣʲôҸǣС̺ģҪٴңһС̡ǿ鱳ȥ⣬ǰߡ
ٺٺ٣ûУûУôܴأǿӣԺǾֵˡ
ǿٶе찡
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Ӻ׷ļˣĿǿϣһʮĽ˵ǿӣС̿ãأС̣ͻҡ
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ʵѹֲסˣɴſ˵ǣС̿ɺˣʵЩС̻ġ
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׼͸ܵܵǿ׼Щ
ʳƷһǣʱȻ¿һ¼ǮëǮĿ飬ˣҲرһǮģʳƷ껹˸СӣװͦеΡ
ŵ˰׼ҵš
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ᵱԵʱ򣬷Щۺѧֱѡ˹ѧԺĲϵһΪδ׼ġ
ˣȻǲˡ
պʯǵĻܷܿ־ء

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ͷЩ䡣
Ҫ˵ԳʯֲǼٵġ
ʯֳǾˣվžĸо
һսĵܵܣǰڷ֯ʱսϵͺܺãܳɣպԲìܡ
ҪǣսɷһҼܲ򵥡
֪޸ʯֵĻպ˵̨μҿ϶ῴսշǰ;̹ǣ̫ίʯˡ
ô˽
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սڰ֣ⷳĵ¶Ժת˵һʱô
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ǿɲУǿɲڷ֯ˣҲֵˣøĻҪġ
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⣬ս뻹˵ʯֵ£룬ǵԺ˵źãм˴вλĵط
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սȥ
˵ܶˣϾ廪ǷСҲͼ׾ףĻ˵Ҳûʲô
ˣæʲôأս忿ྐྵӣĸĹӳ㡣
ͷҰء
ԹûȤ˿ڿУǼҲƽˣҸֿ˴רڼвסصũﵹڶ
˵ţ̾˿ֻҸʹˣҰȢϱǰɨҰ軹ûôҲѧˣĸ
ĸָ¡
Ҹ飬ܲô
˵ףҼǵʱڳ
ǲһڿĴѧ۹أ˵Ҹ绹ûأʲô˵̲סĵ°͡
֮ǰĸ޲ȥææĸףȥ
˭뵽һϴѧĸǵֻܸҸټϻƣӺùˡ
Gɩӣ˵ӳô
ǳóԡ
ս̾ϾԼǸСףֻҪóԵģĿ佱
˵ȥӰԺſզ
һűֽһΪģһӣ۵ãһëǮְɡ
᲻е󣿡
ս忴˿ﲻֽ
Ĭһ£ҡҡͷҾòȥӰԺӰģҲ⼸ëǮģֻҪζþͳɣ˵ǰȥӰԺſڿһ£üӵģǮҳһ£ζһ㣬賴ġ
ԣǧץסˡս廹еµġ
ʱĹһʮصģΪԼĲ˽ˡ
İɣúܣҡ
ͻȻסͣС˵ҾߺܿҪˣѾоЩӺѾˣ˵ʲôʱǾܹˡ
սָ߬߬
˵ȷʵܿˣ꣬˽ӪӪҵִվͻ·
Ҳֻǲ²ѡ˵ЦЦ
Ĳ²ⲢûдҶ˽˽һ飬·ݴ׳̨󣬾˺ܴĸƣ˵ûȫ͸СϰǣѾᵽ˿ŵϢ˽Ĳ١
ܱũżе߲˵ֻҪǮҪƱԳкܴ
ս廨һңŻⱾЩʲôɳƪ͵Ƭ󣬾ͿʼȫȫдδŮĴ١
֪ӣġ۰ͯľ˶һдʮһ͵Ŀƻදڣ˹ͯľ¸ң壬ʮ뻪󣬼ȫСѵż
ΪӶʮһͻˣսڰʮǰһڱδද
ֻ¥á
һδԪؽеزġ
밢ͯľִදͬǣⲿڻԼĻදһ·δڵ¡
һƽ糿һδʮһ͵ŮСͻȻڰʮͨ˼Сļ
űʼǱԣ䣬ű㣬ȵöñӣֺС֣ҽܣðְ֣δŮҽСɡ
ոջСʱſˡ
һЦԷǵĽ͹ּ̣СɵŮδʱһӦȻȥ񾯲졣
콫˾֣ϸĵѯ˹ŮĹ¡
ĿУ֪ŮδһСѧΪμ֪ʶʦ׼ϷɻʱͻȻԽ˰ʮӰŵĳԱĵȫĹδƬƵпδĻΰ磬Ⱥĳ
콫ϱˡ
Ůܿܵ˱ĳֲܣĵҲ죬뷽跨Ҫ̨ԣһǶ£˷ɵȴҲһ£ĻͻȻһڶ
Ǹ˶ڶˣǸˡ
ǻص˶ʮһ͡
սдĴʱֻ˼Ȫӿдδʮһ͵ķչʱǺ޲Լֻܳ֡
һ׼͸¶̫δĶϾ˳棬ı䶯ʲôģǣ͸¶Ǳɽһǣͺˡ
սд̲סĻһųиͼ滮ıֱĽֵ¥ã޺ӰЩĸ߼ţЩʻзɳ
ͯľڳ˻ͯ
Сɣȴ˶Եδ
Ĳͬ
ҡ
ս忴űµĸͼαϳ˼
йĵطкڰ
ıҲĿĵط
ΪҿҷɽɽǨʷһˮĺˮûǣ°֢ĳ֣ҰΣΪȾ
Щĺڣĳ֡
¸ҵСɵĶ֣ҲҪ͵ԵС͵ǷӪĹϰ壬ǨͷĿɱҰĹ֡
֮
ս廹ϣⲿ𵽾ðɣ٣ߵ·

73 δ

ٸ˸Ĵ, ֽһЩϸڵĵطɫһ
սóһոµıʼǱܳȥȳ, սֽĿתƵųиͼ, ͼ, ¥, ޺Ӱ, ˵·ֱôġ
ͺֻǵĽЩӸһ, û˿Ĺ滮ԡ
ǡ
ս岢й滮
ǰЩ, Ҳǻزɷպ󣬲ܻ滮ĳеģƾ, ʵ̫Ϊˣɾȥɷ磬ȥ, Ҳĸò, ݹ滮ʲôģǵÿԼ롣
Ҫ˵ǰĸиӡ, ǻ治١
У, ׵۳ǣɶ, Ȫǡȵȡ
ս̵, ȴǱ߽ĹԳǡ
, ոһ޴İԿ, ĵλһƵĹ㳡һ޴ġǡ·ɵʮ֣ʮγʮԡ
̺֮׾Ĺ滮ֱӸһصɴ
սţѾ˳ӣһͻһŰͼֻҪͼϽܳΪһ޴İԳˡ
ƫƫ
սˡ
˵ڼѾˣɷ⽨˺ҪǻԳǵĻ᲻ᱻٱ
ɲԳǵĻ־е㲻ģ˭ʵ̫λã̫ʺϻ̫лɫˣһеĲ֣ͨһ˲Եüߡ
˵ɣսıȴûٹ
мͨĹ۹һùɫסĵĵĹ㳡ԵһƬ̻̲ݺ컨γһμ̵ıгᣬδνֺר̻⣬һĳι·ι·еäŵ˽Ⱥ
ɵ࣬ʮӣ޴LEDĻֱмɫĵ
ʷִײԾȻֽϡ
ϸϸëպī֭ߣͼ㳡ϸͼھͼսͷ໭Ѿȫʱȴȱ֮ѵʱѾˡ

͵ƿţ鷿˽
սæͷ̣Ͻסĸ첲Լ£ȿˮôˣ
ôأ¥º㣬ҲɰŻˡؿڣͷ϶ð亹
ӹսݹˮڲ˳
˳ʶĻһ鷿
ո¥º¥ûлӦΪʲô£Ҳ˲鷿ǰ£ææľƿ˽
鷿ǰϤİĳ͵ؾһ¡
ʶĵͷȦЩᣬȻͿƽ̵ֽϻĴԡ
ࣺ
壬ڻʲôأôô⽨ŵĶأ
һҪõģԳǡ
Գǣ
Ǹǣ֪ⲻڸ⽨ˣɰԳֺͷ⽨ųϵϵ
ӿڴͳϻϣϸϸĿʼͼ
ʲôе
źŵĵ
ʲôҿ㻹ñǳˡ
äרŸäߵĵ·
أţ
߼ţˣҪԱҪ߼š
޸֮ǰҾǲСѧ飬˻ʿҲûֹͣѧϰĽŲսǵĵܿǸledĻɶģе㲻ô£ģĥһ
ɵøˡ
һҪʲôĵֵӰˣ

սæصֵӰɨäӰʵѾˣֻҪź滭ˣ׼¹£ҿ١
˵ţʼǱݸࡣ
ӹʼǱͷϸϸƷ
µĴд˴ҳ࣬йһҳ룬Իռ˽ҳһЩжԻСɵԸֹ龫ֵͣʱ˵һЩȻ಻֪ʲôǲܶЩ˼
֮ԻʮȤĶ˻һЦĳɵӰ˺ôЦȤ
ֻǡ
ģı
ȿû̷ǺϱʼǱ˼һſڣ뻭һδ
ԡսԼҲ˱ˮæ˴죬һˮûȣоɤ۶ðˡ
ΪʲôͻȻ뻭ģ
Щֵʵ
ǡδڴɡ
սЦЦ廪õߣһ׼ϥ̸ģ
׳ǰķ򣬸Ҫĸ￪ţҲᶨڴ׳Ϊǹ滮õĵ·ϣҲ֪ϵѧҪѧϰԣҪӴѶϢǵƶȣĻǶҪһһ˽⣬ֻԽ˽⣬ҾԽֻš
һ£Ȼסս֣Ҫż˵
ʱҵڵ仰ӦɡսЦһڵǸģǰǣ̫ˡ
˶Ҹģ֪ʶӣЩڵĴ󻷾֪ʶӾͲѺãʱһţǻᱻڵУȻ󡭡
Ǻ˲ʧһսĿֻš
ֻһ㣬ҸΪ˲ʧ¹ڷչ˳
ȻҲȫ⣬սܲ˵⼮ܵͶгҲ˵ܶ׬ǮҿҷȾ»δڹΪⱻֻͣ˲ʧڡ
Ǿøĸ￪Ųã
ָ֧ĸ￪ŵģΪ֧֣ԲŸǡ
սһİԳǣҲ뻭һδŮͨⲿϰǣҪΪƶʧҲҪΪƶԱǵŽΰֻҪһģܱе硣
սס֣̣һõδһǰķ򡣡
źЩˡ
⻰˵̫ԴҲ̫ˡ
ΪʲôȴôĻΪ֮˷أ
ңһ뱣ǹҵһЩͳǻһǧʷЩĹҿ๵ģ̣ʷǵĸǲȴʷҴԳΪй·ĵص㡣
˿
ͼүү
һûꡣ
㻭Ҹүүûа취͵׳ǰȥֻҪͷˣ⻭ܻ
սʶָ̲߬סļӿԾٶȡ
лл̡
̲סȥס࣬ӶЩˣãȻ֧ҵҵⱾԸ棬Ǿ¾һ룬Ҫҳϵдл̵Ļ
һʱ̲סЦˣսĺ󱳡
дˡ
սе¡
ʱȻԸдġ
ºҴ飺̻ллҪʲôϵĻԺ˵һмѵġ
սһ⻰ʱӸжˡ
ˣ¥ԷǸ֣ôżҲöӿЦ
ս̹ԹԵ¥Էȥˣ¥С˫̥ľսˣ˫̥С˹СҲĳսЦЦ
ս˯
Ӱʱҽһ磬ˣͷһʹС࣬սԱߣҲǹ˵Ʊ۾˯ֻģԼȿܣȥô˯š
ʵ̲ס´ŵܵ鷿ͼĹ߰˷䡣
ͼֽƽϯϣëʼ
һͻо졣
Ÿͼܴ󣬻ҲϽиʮֹɫɿٳϸͼȴִɵ˸ÿԼĹԽڡ
нģأסլȺ޴ڵıʩ
֮õһͼֽʱ򣬶ú⡣
սɫ΢΢ף·ң̣ͼһҪպˣΣһҪҡЩͼ̫ľٸͬʱͬĹߣҲͬͼˡ
仰ԭⲻĽ
ȻͷӦ
Ȼʹͼˡ
ս廭ͼͺݺݵϢ죬鶼ûһۣ˯ʹźˣ͵ǱߵĴ𸴣˭Ҳû뵽һȥģͼܣҲû
һȣ͵ȵ˿ѧ
ѧڣͬѧУϵȻҲȴֱϵѧѧá
һοѧѧϽ࣬ҪĻҳ¼ȡ֪ͨ飬Ҫ׼֤׼֤滹б˵Ƭ˵Ϊٴ룬ֱӸȫصݴա
˵ؼ»ᱻ棬ҲֻֿܹԼûԼ׼֤ˡ
սǰס¥¥ÿϿξʱ򣬶洫ߴߴ
սЩָ߿һһĴѧȻᣬҲãսҲӰ༶֧γϵ֧һ¡
ÿϰεļɼ鹤
һԾѧϰСŬѧϰͬһѧԵûôˣҪɼԱලǶ顣
ΪʹĻڵһ쿼ˣһѧĿ
һᣬɶɾ궯ûãУ԰¾Ͷ
ľϵȻΪϵŮ٣ܵڱУ԰żŮͬѧȥˣץסˣϵ쵼ӱʱϵ쵼޲Χס̫ˡ
廪ڿѧ²ŷ糾͵Ļˡ
һս壬һۣս۵Ŀˡ
ˣϷŲĲ԰ףԭĶ̷˳ȥʱһıϣʱͼ˸˿۾ϴϤº͵Цɿž;ࡣ
ô廪ϣЩεĿսЦ
ս̻عСܹȥ
ôôࣿһھͰ廪ˣͷô£ô
˵ţ廪ĸ첲üͷһࣺҪȥʦˣߵʱ˵ĺúõģִ߶ִôࡣ
ˣˣûݡ
廪ͷͷԵݣһ˼ңѾʦ˵ˡ
ս廪ô˵ֱӵͷУš
ؼǰս廪ȥ꣬һͷͷˣܿ죬ʹ֮ǰԭģΨһĲͬ϶˸۾˼֡
۾ô£սսϸ
еӣʦġ
廪۾ժݸս壺ߣƽʱԲЩӴϰˣɴûժ
ս忴˿۾ĺȣȷʵ̫
۾زذ
ڵ۾ǲģЩ
أʦ˵ģˮģΪͣԲأǵñ۾ټĻƬӺ񣬵ʱˡ
⻰ս뵽ϱЩÿɵ۾־Ƭ֬ģʲˮ
廪̲ס̾˿
ԭ۾ͦÿģôͻȻء
Щ˫̥һֱסھԺֻĩʱ򣬻ᵽСԺֲĩǻʱ򣬼ﾲĵһ˶ûС
սæ¯ӿʼˮ
廪ǿʼ׼ûʲôʵ߲ˣЩ⼦֮ģսղУջԣˮȻͼһ
һɻСʱˡ
ȳ˷Ȼϴ˸裬ڴϵʱ򣬲һӡ
˺üµСñط꣬вģɸԵģľһˣֱһ˯˸
˯Ѻ󣬲ѯʶԷĹ
ϵǱ׼ǰҵˡ
廪ͷϣ۾ָһûһµİսͷ
սĴϣΪ˯ʱ̫Ҳеģһ⻰̾˾񣺡ʦԸǰҵ
ҶʵˣұҵҲˡ
廪ЦʦҰУԱҸܾˡ
ս壺
˵뵽ƷܾʱǺɸֵıˡ
˱ҵ֤Ҿרھϵˣ˽ﻹúøһ㾭õģˣЩһЩϻҷһ°ɡ
廪սļ򣬽ѹԼϡ
ҪЩмá
ս˵ģϰһѧʦİ칫ҷָϣΪЩϣ˲ٷĹʣǰڷ֯»Ҫࡣ
аս̧ۿ廪һʦء
ǹŵϣҽӵϢ׵ʱƯǱ߻һŵҹʣʱ򲻽ֻᣬйھ÷̳Щ϶ǵʱҪõģΪڱܽ׶Σֻ
˵ţ廪ͷսĶͷһڣʵڳ鲻Ҳ鷳㡣
뵹¶ʦǸҹʵġ
廪ʱԵӸЦˣҰеĹʶòã
˵ţ̽ӴӴͷóһëСһһǧٿǮһ¡
ôôࣿ
ս͵ֽӹǺһŽᡣ
ʵҷĹʣҳſϾʱ򣬵ĳ˼ƷҲͷĽ
ʲôƷ廪û˵ܷǮģ϶õĶ
̫ܸˡ
ս̲סıס廪Դͺݺݵ˼ڣȻ˴ǮŵԼǮСַķźˡ
廪˼̲סЦ
ȵڼֻѧУ
ᣬɾ¿ˣȥĶˣɰһͨҡ
ôˣ
սһ߻Ьһֵʵ
иͬ־㣬˵ǰһ֪࣬е˽㡣
ͬ־һ֪ࣿ
սԺһ˲ĳ˹ǿ֡
ЬĶʱˣ˼û˵ʲô£
֪˸Ůͬ־

74 ߶

ȷʵǹǿҵս, һģȴսƼС⡣
ڶǷˡ
С⴩һɫĲ, ͷ, һ, ϹһСƤСƤЬ, ŵмָʱС˵ʡ
ֻϧС˵ɫƣҲƵǰ, ü˼ֳࡣ
ս, ǿһС⵹¶־
֪ࡣ
ǿĺսк
ս̬ȾûôˣֻǵͷϹſ׵Ц֪, ʲôô
ʵȷʵеҪæ
ǿЦмΣǱվˣһһ˵ɡ
սƳһۣҲã߰ɣǱЩ
ǿʱмЦЦ
һֱߵߵһСͤ, ˲ͤеʯȷʵ徻, ûʲô˾ǿεһ, ˵Լ⣺ôż, Ϊ塣
Сⴹͷ, ɫ֮ǰ, ȦҲˡ
ԭ, ֻС²׼Ϊˣǿջϲһ
ǿסСָºͣʵҵǲżֻǼ˴ߵĽټѧʱСҪڼӵģڣȻȴҪģⲻȥټ굽ײСҲиӣֻúƤˡ
սŹǿ߶߶˵ţһԲ
󣬻̲ס̾˿
Ǳҿ԰ԼֻǣҲ˵ˣ⻳ϵëһŮ˵£ҪƲĻһ𿴡
սĿڹǿϣÿһ΢鶼
ŹǿƤӽһ£̲סġߡһ
֪ǿʼնûΪŮԭѹûԼҲһ¡
ɡǰºӴʱǰͷΪѲѽѵ⻹֤ܺãһⶼûô
ս򴽣Ҳû취ϾŵҪҪ͵ҽô
ǿ
ĲΪȥҽ
֪ãҪǱ֪ˣǿǻʺҲʺˡ
ٺúɣԸΣҽͰ绰ǲΣ⻰Ǿ͵û˵ҲǶˣԷҡ
ǿսٻͷѾС⡣
ҧҧΣ
ǿ뿪սȥ˸绰
Լʱ͵صսͻᣬ¥£Ϳ廪Ȿ飬Ͽ飬ԱվŮ廪˵ʲôֻ廪ЩĮû
廪ս߹ȥ
廪̧ͷȻ鳯˹ȥĶˣҶ˺þˡ
ŻеίͰ͵ġ
սЩЦԴ󣺡˵ʲôأ
Ǿϵһѧá
廪ݸս壺ҿʲô飿
սͷͿϵĻʽӢ壬Ȼһԭ顣
ǰ֤ȥϵȥ
öŻش𰡡
ءŸоˬ
һĴѧβ룬ʮ࣬СĲʮˣټѧϰһ㣬һſŬѧϰͷЩ˿ѧľòʹѧĳ徢Ȼûʲôɶȶ
ΨһɫŵģҲЩ֪ũͥ͵͵ܻϴѧ±ҷ
ɰȥ˵ڶ죬ǾͲһˡ
ӽ࣬ͷѧѧţǴȶȻȻߵһֻкõľлģЩģܱӲŮĹ⻷ҲܶԷǷмֱͥӳȥ
廪һѧУĻЩЩ޶ֻһ˿ϴѧģܵջ
һȥʳó͡
·ϵʱս彫ǿ˵ˣȻ̸Ƽϲǿ£廪ֱüͷ
Ƽǿϵ
Ƽ·û¡ս̾ϢһҲ⣬Ѿϲǿˡ
ϲ
廪üϲѵͱһ𣿡
ЩãƼ಻壬պٺ
⻹廪ͷһزսĽȻܿƼ
ս˵ºӴʱƼࡣ
ĩӾȥ϶ҽԺļ·ˣҽԺµĶǰϵͬ£Ҫ߽һ̾ʹӦˡ
ǿСĵ硣
սʱѾڴ˺һˡ
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ڻʿվԱߵĻʿʮĵĳȥ鷿ռøǡ
ȸС
ʱһһĹȥ˶û˵СɫԽԽףֺĸо
첲侲һЩ̫ˣѳҲ׼˵ţ̧ͷս壺ȴǱƽһ£ȸͬ־
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һһ˵ǰͷѲģӦǿģİɡ
ɲ˵һʱһʱģ˭֪ɶʱëأ
Į˵Ļġ
𶯣ƽһ£ˡ
ǿһ¡
һٶȿ죬Ҳû˵ʲôкС⣺ٹѸҪţûë˵ûеģҲƣҪƵģˡ
ȻЩ䣬ȴ漣Сƽ
СʱͱȽϳˣ˲⣺ƽʱô»ôµʱ᲻᣿ɻ
СʵͮͮģԴ̧ͷɶ˼ˣ󻹿Bӡ
ǿæСȥBȥˡ
ˣսСʵ裬ĸ⣿
⣬ⶼ󡣡
ͷڲϼ¼¸ոԼĶŮû⣬һӹλзе̡
ս壺

ӹλӰ컳ô
һ˵΢ǲӰģصĻͱȽԻУ㻳ˣʱҲѲңǡз̣Ļ
δ˼ȴˡ
ǾһصλñȽƫƧһһ㡣
ǰѲѽս廹Щס
ǰǱȽеְɡ
սüôѲ
ǿԾ̫ˣãָٶˮйӾﱼ£Ҳҽѧˣʣǰ˼Ҷǰѹײķ̤ϵ̧ء
ܿ죬С͹ǿˡ
һ̧ͷСޣҪ׼Ҫҩ
С⡮ءһסˡ
֪Щ׼ÿʱᱳ۵ģȻΪô
ֱӽǿҲ仰Թȥˡ
ǿˣƤӽӲˣС⵽ԱϸϸοˣŶԻѯ磺嵽ôأ
ʵӵⲻֻΪӹλе㲻̫׻ϣͱȽˣ̣飬óԵҩСóҩˢˢˢĿҩе㺮Ҹ㿪²ҩҩ¸һҩźȣȺһݵġ
ǰޡ뷴˵Լû⡣
ȴûֱ̧Ƴһۣ˵⻰Ҳ˵ֻ
ǿɫʱѿ
ҩץҩǿʹС˼ҡ
С⿴ǿôҩֻΪȫԼҪȵģһ·ȥˣ˼ĸһ֪϶Сˣʱƿڴ
ǿҲûҩԼһݣֻ˵ԺԼҩ
Сſڴϣ޵Ļ찵أһֱϣŹǿ˵Բ𡯣ǿһᰲοֻɫı⸱֣Сùǿһǲˡ
ʵϣǿֻ뵽ǰ޶ĺӡ
ô
翴˲ˣֺǰͬº˼䣬սȥӰȥˡ
ӰԺŵ³ĵӰɩ
ϱ˽ȥ󣬾мһţǰͷͷˣ໹һһԵŮЯмһ۵ľ룬ֹндɬȻǸո»ǸոŮ
ϱлͦͻأġ
ӰǰֽӵСкλ䴩š
Gһ¡սСк֡
СкٵܹսָָĹӰǮ
ë
սëǮСкһֽݸս壬Ȼתִ˳ȥ
裬Թӡս彫Ӱ򿪣ĴһֽӿС
Ӱ
翴Щ̾ζҲͦ㡣
ս峯ǱӣŪãֽҲİ취ֽԣӿҲѵŪˣôӵģֻĹܽͷ
Ͳòˡ
˾ʱͥһʼ⣬Ѹռгķ߱һ˼һ֪ô£ҴģЩͷӵģ֪ݰװϵ˼Ҳô
ûӰԺ棬ɱӾζ٣᲻á
˾ôֵġ
ʱ򣬻ŵľòҲû£ɵȽ棬ֺԼͬһӰﶼһӵʱֻΪʲôһʱҪӣЩһѳֲסԼ
ֻҪ˹ӣⲻ׬Ǯô
ĲҪܶЩͺˡ籧ŹӰһֱྐྵӡ
ɩҸʱྣ
ɩȸļ޵ʱྣ
ɩºӵʱྣ
ɩˡˡ
ĹӳԹˣҲжˣ·뵽˵Լûˣ廪үүȥ£һˣɲɩƵģһֱҪ費״̬ֱҵ˻ȥĶ𣩣Żָ
ЩԱݼ治
սûôˣΪһӰˣɶûȤĿȫŮȥˣŮԽĿǰϷ٣ЩԱѾʼݵӰˡ
˵ǳϷģ̬ǲվɶģйӾ
Ѱ˼ţпȥſȥԺҪҲ˵ӰĻȥԱ
˵ģĹ¾ͺʺĳɵӰƱһϾȺڻģͼǰǸ棬ͬ־һܺס
ȥ·ϣͻȻ˵˵Ҫûʱ˵Ҫ룬ҪҪȡһ£ʱֶӵȥ
սĿ˵ŷûǱܵôô綼֪ˡ
ǵ˵ͷҪлĻȻҪȡġ
ǰȡɵӣҹҵǲ㵱ġ
սҵǺֵ֧ģǳЦʵԺ׼һֱӰô
ǰɣҾҵǴпΪġ
֧㡣
ֳųŮ˰ǵԼҵС
սΪȻ˳һĴָ
ǿС⿴겡˾սԼѧҵ廪׼һʱڣõϵıҵ֤飬ԱȽ࣬˿ĵǣڲʵˡ
Ʒ۵ӣͩС֤Իؼסˡ
СȻϲʤ
ԻѸٴԼ񣬺ѸСûֱ֪ͨŴƷɵг˺üˣһֱ͸ˣȫ˼ҡ
Ժһء
Ҳ˵ϵһѶֱӳ嵽¥ϣԼˤڴϡ
Ǽ̹
ս峤̾һ
ò˵ѧУסپãҲûлؼ
ۣĶе㲻ˡ
廪Ǳ΢õಱӣȥ¯ӣյˮϴ
Ҳ
廪ôһ˵սҲ
ȥ˳һ¯ӣһڼѰܳԵĶûˣսҲͲԼĽָˣǸ˲ټȥԺժһСУʮݳ޵̯Смԡ
廪Сһࡣ
ȥϻһֲһӲ˲ͷĺ
ϲóˡ
սӣСҺΣüͷ΢һ࣬ԼһѼŪJ̡
ͻش仰Ĺӻһ¡
һһĽӸŻιӣ·
廪ûСڶ¯ˣӿʼ̯ӣһ̯ˣ˺һս壬ԼҲ˺˸߱
廪ֶסˡ
սεҧһڱٺ٣е̶ô
ãá廪ʣµȫˣ룬˸ÿӴɢ˼̯ӣ̵ˡ
һ̯߰űӣһС࣬ټǰС̲ˣһֱæ˵Ӳųһ㶼۾ˣϴ裬ŵԺ
ˣһͿʼˡ
˶һۣĬĬ˷䡣
ڶһ磬Щæҵĳ緹гѧУңǡϿ֮ǰ˽ңνоա
е㲻ˡ
¿εʱյսС˵ߺ󣬷Ƽᵽˣӡӣ񰤴ˡ

75 

ˣսĿɡ
۾Ŀͷ
Ȼƨɼ˼սӣǱ, Ҹú˵˵
սԱŲ˸λӣ˿ŵĳλϡ
ǣӦüǵõİ, Ƽ֮ǰи, ǾϵġԣһСܺ˵ģս嶼̲סľ۾, ͵˵ʲô춯صϢ
ѽˣ
һ, һ˵һѹŷǡ
սһ, 漴ɵıͱеΪʲôôˣ
ϲ֣
£ϵЦݽס, һ±ƣ˭
ƼĶ󰡡սջĿ⣬ϵĿαȻǻôôˣ
ҲŲϲأ۾ôϹ, ϲ˭ᡭ, ˭ϲǷ, 漴ԼƽȦȥˣæޡЩƵĺ
ս屻Ц, æ鵲ס죺˵˵ô£תƻ⣺˵ˣѲֶ֣
ŲءɵעȻܿ챻תˡ
ߡһдſ⣺㻹ǵǰʱ, һ˵, ˵õ, ޲ڷ, ҲǺãûһƽϣⲻǰᵽϵôǡи˼ͥŮ˵ЩɲͲԸ
սԣ˲Ȼ
˼ǷƼȥ棬һλ꣬Ϊֹȼ˰зŭĻ磬ԷǡǾŮּãȻͱˡ
ȻǷƼȻǸûֵãֻûĻˡ
ҲԹֻʵ֮ǰƼʱҲ˵ĻֻǵûǸŮĵֱӶ֣񰤴ˣҲǰ֮ǰˡ
´Ҫ˵ЩеûģҾ͸Ǹϵͬѧȥ
ɫȭͷȷѧҾõ㻨ȥȥ
˵꣬ĿƵĿս塣
ͣ
սɵļ˸͡
صĵͷһġ
վս˻֣תصԼλϡ
ս忴ڵıӰɾЩЦĸˣҲСԸˡ
ʳ극˲˻ؼҳԡ
಻ڣټμСԺֻСˣս岻̫ǻĴ׷֮ģǻģڲú±˷֣ս⼸϶һ׷
ѧˣ廪гսںϣȥ˹Ӫꡣ
һţԱСͺǴкˣ
ţҪĶôսͷֱӳźķߡ
廪ͷ˳Ҳź˽
УҲ֣ҪЩҲҪ࣬ÿֻҪһʲô˰ССֿȥ
˼θڲãǾŶȥԳԿ
ս˸ɣƿ˲ֿš
ϣһС¨ӣвˣʵĴн⣬̵һЩ㲻Ϻÿ߲ˣѾеˣȻЩ߲Ǵ˹ġ
һһ
СŲˣȫòڴװˡ
ǮսͳСǮиոմѧУĲǮҲƱ
֮ǰסУʳ߶ˣȻʹѧУﻮԼˣպŰ廪˵ĲˣСǮĹҵģۿʮǮء
С˱Ľˡ
׻Ǵѧð˶ͱ˲ͬ
ȴǺܿش𣺡һƱëǮ
սǮǮݸȻŲڴ廪˼ҡ
˼ңƴ׷ȻһѲˣ˵ǽϳɶأ
սˣڵϿ廪
ɡ廪ë˲Ȼ̾˿ա
᣿
ᰡ㻹ǵǰºӴʱһҰô廪¯ӵԺԺһߵȷһʵ
ǵðǴڴϱ棬֪Ұˡս¨ס
ǴţǱҲֵˣҲʱѧĺ⡣
ս壺
һξѧˣ
԰ⱾͲѣǻʱ䳤ˡ
ս̲סĻԼ
ѵر𱿣˵رû츳
Ϊɶѧأ
ʱԱ߿ţ̽ҡս뻹ǲģæ˵
廪ǳ鴤һ£ǵͷа
¯սѾ˲ˣнҲ˲٣Ҫ˵ΨһҪǮľϺ͵ζˡ
廪ϴͿʼ¹͡
͹ž
ѷҲԷ⡣
սץŰѹӣǽһྐྵһ߽
廪Źӣһһ£ȷŽ͸˲ҲԱߣ׼Ȼˡ
͹һͣ¹ɫн⡭ԵıɫſʼˮɰϸСԱ¯ϵˮ࿪ֳ˸ˡ
ȥϴ裬㿴ŵ
廪æһˮӽһȥˮϴ裬ս廹¯ӱྐྵӣζѾˣ߹ȥƿǿ⣺ϴˣҲȥϴ裬ϴǾܳˡ
á
ս彫ӿԱߵһӣվ֣Ȼˮȥϴȥˡ
ϴ廪ѾѲ˶˵ȥˡ
³ĺټս帴˺ܶ⣬ȫۣ˾һһڵĳ˰⡣
󣬷һű鿿ɳϡ
оеİս屧Ŵͷߵе뺢ˡ
ٹĩˣʱ̺ͺǽӹȥǶС
սӦһ
ɵ᲻
֮ǰסѧУļŮ˵Ҳ飬˵ûͣɣСȰȵģһܾԴ˵ģͻȻͦϰߵġ
Ҳûôˡ
óʼǱ׼ơδŮľ籾
ǵģ籾
ΪǸԳǵͼһֱûԵʣҲȥֻܲͣд飬ھԽԽ࣬ԽдԽڣԭֻǴٵľ飬ֱӱһľ籾
սã籾ĺȣⱾ㲻δĸټҲ˵
Ҳľˡ
ϾδèǧʣǧкֵܡλĳĶôһ룬ⱾǶСء
ղʲôأ廪սþò˵˫ۻЩ飬֪飬ع󣬲ſʵ
ûɶүүҵİԳͼֽˣڶûңҵſء
廪˵սͷɶˣлһСԹ
Ұʣ
廪飬Լüġ
ѽ
ս۾һ飬ȵʵʲôʱĩǾͻؾɡ
廪ѵÿ⸱ģɾúЦ˶Ū˼
ĩ
廪װȴսϡ
ȻͿս峯̽̽۾ðϣСǣ廪Щ㱣̼ǵüǰڲ¥ط꣬һһƣǺÿģڣǸЩ㲵ŮѾԼİװ۵ģһɳɾ͸дĵȻ
ǳĬʱ̫սЩͷˣĸ첲˵ѽĩǻزȥ
ȣء
廪عΰһ
սõҪĴ𰸣ʱ˷ܵġҮһɳ˵廪Ļ
廪ʶı
⻹ڿء廪΢΢һüͷ˵Ǵžѣȴĵĺˡ
ս΢̵Ķ䣬һӾˡ
ⲻǼû
廪Ȼս΢΢ЩӲЩˡ
廪¥廪ЩˣֻԼһǹ̵ġ
򴽣Щˣá
¥ս屻廪ţֻסĲӣͻȻãܻؼס̫ˡ
ĩ廪ս˾СԺ
һ׼Сӽ飬սȥϯ׼СҲǵģ֮ǰһֱϾǱߣһҲǻ̽˳顣
ȥʱӽӹˡ
ΪǾҽԺĻʿҲǱĿˣҽһ
սʱŰͶ¬ҽ˵
衣
һߣһָָſڣȻҪ
ͷһۣɿ֡
̳嵽¬ҽǰž³Ҳ֣ô˳ӵˣȻСֵȥ裬սһţĿͱˣͰ׷˵ء
ǸأʵСס
ˡ
׷̾˿ԺˣϢġ
ˣľˡ
ҽԺûˡ׷ɫӵ̾ϢһϢģŶûˣϴ׷ϼȥϼҵ˵ȥ˷غˣ˵ǻؾǣԴ֧Ÿ֤
˵׷죬ȾܣûѾûŶˡ
û뵽鷢չȻĽ֡
ǸС׸ʱΪ׷˵ĺѣ϶ǲϲģֵĶҪ˺׷ˡ
Ǽϰô
ôңѾͷܵĳף֮ϰ״﷭ϼҵķ֮ǰǮѾͷ˵׼ҵĶһҪ˵ǰԹһʹԺŹ··
׷Խ˵ɫԽӣסҡҡͷˣ˵ˡ
˲۽ǣ֪ôӡ
δ֮û˵սҲ֪˵ʲôǶС׺һ㣿ʲô
ʱ򣬰׼СӴ»һһľƣԵһʱ廪ŻˣսΪյλã£·˸սȱߡ
ܵⲻͬѰսĵͷ˿£ȻͿһĹҵİ
ʲôսɻĿ廪
ҪĶ
廪սԵĹ˹
սʱ۾һͳ濴˿ֻһֽķ棬ԵЩ壬ȻЩֽ˲ٴΣżֽ˻ȥ
ôûģսڵΪ廪Ƭ
λ׳ھסԺүүȥǡûǾͻ˰죬ȻҾûˡ廪ƬͬСĻش
սȻôɰ
廪ͷ
˵þ棬ֻҪͼˣսͺܸˣһ磬ս廪ʮڣƵƵвˣǵԱ߿̲ס˵С޸ãӺõġ
սֻ廪Ȼûһ°ͣϱܸɣ廪Ҳ
˵ۣϱ߸˵Ļ˼ҡ
սϷžͿʼѯʹڻ¡
ͷû˵Ȿܲܳս弱ææʵ
ܳ
廪նĵͷǿЩ͵ͷͬˣоԺЩ⻭滭һӡ
˵廪ɫе㸴ӣ˵滭ĶϰҪĶԺԳⷽŬȻ⻰Ǿ廪޴ǹ˵ġ
սһܻʱ
ȴӾȥֿʼͼΪȥ˰Ҳ˵ˣÿĩμս֣æߺͻȾɶġ
ս忴Щǡ
øѧͽаսһ߻ͼһ߸̾ŴѧأȻʱңԺ˿ɾûʱˡ
ʴδ٣ֻĵ˵ӣҺģܳʦ
ҲУȥȥûԸѧͽ
Ⱦɫս㣬ǰȥţһĺӣǰɡ˵ͣס֣ս壺ǰЩ£ӻӵֻ֣ʣָͷ˾ţɲ˻쵽ŰŸɵ£ʳһ緹
սһʱЩۣвмҲû£ֻҪƷãþˡ
ǺӱȽʵƽʱÿ˵Ͱ͵ģƲϰߵӣĻÿῴ˿µĻıһЩء
ˣ
ʮ˵䡣
ȥġսüе̫Сˡ
ǼӣģʵǸѧѡЦһǸ֣ȥѧˣ϶װ۸ģѧһ֮պҲܺڷԡ
аɣơ
սͷ
ڶĩͽ˸ˣССһСѾͷйֻʮֵӸĳס֣ΨΨŵŵĴкվڰ󲻸˵
ս忼˺ͽˣԴ׼Լȫ
һ˵ļ룬ٶȾ͸ˣѧĩ˵ƯûϢʱսոջ꣬׼͵ȥ
ս׼дԸлģû뵽ȴںǸѧѰæд
׼λеİæټڳĺÿڱⱾ˳͹ˡ
սõʮ
ֵһָŹ⻬ķ棬ű/̨/УԵĺдŰ˵֣ȦͲɵ΢΢ɬٷ飬ݡ
Ѿ֪ڼεʵܹô
ֻҪúѧϰڷܹСսĿᶨĿŹ
صĵͷһڷܹģ
սЦЦֻ⺢ӻ
ĩ꣬սԸϸڣΪ˷ŵһԱǿʼص㱳йֺ;÷ӢĴʻ㣬ϾҪӴһš
սŴ£һֻӢﵥʵʱںƼչˡ
ԭΪںദͦã׼źȶȻȥںϼʽף˳ٴںϼҺͼ˼棬ΪٵʱЩҪһӡ
Ƽ֮£Ϊ˷ݼҽ̣׼ʮǰٻȥ
˵˵ЦЦģ֪ô˵˹ǿ
ƼǺЦһģǿˡ
ˣսֱӣʶںһۡ
ţϸġƼϴЦ
ں쿴Ƽɵ¶ɣ㲻ᡭҪ͹ǿһɡ
Ƽһ£ҡ
ûشսȿˣйŮ˵ɶҪģֻ㲻ϣƼֲǼõģװ׵ĴСӲҪҪһˡ
ƼƤӶʱסˡ
Щҡ͹ǿܲô
Լأսɫ΢ҲЩӲ
ں쿴˿ս壬ٿ˿ƼҲûȵƼĻش
Ƽȥսſں죺´Լˣýˡ

Լ಻壬ЩѵģҲûʲô˵ˡ˵꣬Ƚӡ

76 

ںվμſ, սߵıӰָ̲ס̾˿
˵ս, Ҳû뵽ȥô, ƼȻŹǿ
ԭվһ, Ƕ, ȥƼˡ
˺, ѧУͲסˣںΪҪ, ҲҪھڶһʱ䣬˸סš
ںϹ˼, һžͿƼ
ʲôأ
Ƽﻹ۾, ԭ̫, ں, ۵ðҲ˵ֻһĿޡ
ں̾˿ˮƿﵹˮ
Ҳ˵, ҵǾ˵ͦеġëŽˮʪšɣתͷݸƼɡ
Ƽӹë, ĬĲ
ں콫Աߵĵ£ü΢΢ţ, úø˵˵, 㵽զ, ǵõڹǿᲱϣ˵ںЩҧгݡ
ҡƼ̧ͷں죬ȴ˫ֻأüĽĶǲ
ĵײɵһԭֱ׳ʧ
˼ҹǿո飬飬㵹ãϲĺ޲÷ұڣѸ˻ָˡںԽ˵ԽֻƼӸסƵģ˵һúõĴѧʲôҲǿйˣȲ˵ͷһǸѲûģ˵һ֪Ϊɶ鲻ǿһѧۿűҵܷǷ˲ź飬ƫƫˡ
ںվΪʲôô
Ƽļɪһ£ſǻ˵ŻϺӡ
˵˭˵ģǷŸƵĲܻܲոΪɶ
Ƽֲ˵ˡ
ں죬Ƽʧ
һƬž
Ҳ֪˶ãƼͻȻ˿ڣҾǲġ
ںüʲôɲĵģ
ں죬ϲʮˡƼ̧ͷ۽ǻ䣺ºӴ嵽ǣ׷ͷʮ꣬ҪǲһԣĲġ
Ƽ
ں죬֮ǰ΢Щ˶Ҫѧŷµģ㻹ᣬ㻹ǴѧԺҸ˵ġ
ҲˡƼ۾ͣҡͷں죬Ѿʮˡ
ںסˡ
ʮˣں졣
ǴѧѧУҲͬѧмͥкӣ˼ҲǶͷһž͵裬Ҳ뵱裬޸ҵġ
Ƽë˲ˣ˵Ļȴһɺݾ
ҴûƻǿļͥԼˣҾͲٷˡ
ں¶һĨӲЦ֪ǶңʵԼҲԼôǿǴѧҲǣ׷ô꣬Ҫ޸ͷ޸ϲ
ںƼô˵֪ȰʲôȻѾһߵˡ
ͷ̾һȻվԾڴˣ˵Ƕ˵ˣȰҲȰˣȻִҪֻϣ㲻Ҫڰɡ
ƼЦЦҲڵġ
ЦкЩظĸо
ƼսǱߵ̬ȣں죬û˵ʲôֻǴ⣬Ժȥսʱ򣬲ٽƼˡ
ԼˣַֺϺϣнԶǳ̬ɡ
Ϊ˵ˣƼǰ޼ɵˣ֮ǰεÿ춼ĻؼңһԷ˵ֱÿ춼˲Żں쿴ŵģÿοϵЦݣȴ˵ڡ
ˣи˵ɡ
ںҲʲô˵ˡ
ǡãļҲˣΪƱʱ伱ʰöƼ͸ˣƼľʰĸɾķ䣬ϵ
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ʱǶܰһ𿴺ӣ廪ˣҲܴź档
࣬Ǵϰˣ˫̥Źһݲˡ
һ죬廪磬սٱӤȥʳƷ칩ӦˣҲˣֱƵСһ·߻
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廪ϻصɣȦȴѾˡ
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衪
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սͻȻ뵽ΰҵĶӣǽԪڡ
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ǰϰߡ
ϰֻҪԼͻʮòĵллл󲮸Ŀ佱
һ, 漴̲סЦˡ
ǰİװ֣һͺܽòֶֶŮ, ̲ס뵽ԼĶӣвһ˿Ȼ, ̲סĸ̾Ƿǽ̵ĺܺá
ǶҲܶ¡
ܿ佱Լĺӣս̲סЦ
鼫õվкܣİɣԲԲҿžͺãȥ廪˵, ֵôû, һкܶ໰Ҫ˵
鷳˵áܿ׵ĵͷ
սЦЦȥ˳, ȸμֵ˲, Ȼȡ˱ֻصԲԲ˯С, ԭƽɵԲԲ֪䷭˸Сһţս֪ûаȫеơ
Ϊոս˫̥ԵʣҲˣͷͷſڴߣ˫۾ĶԲԲ
Ҳս壬ֹֻģ֪˵Щʲô
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ֽ֣ܵĿܵϣ۵Ŀš
˫̥ոձĿŻˣһ˱սһȡ
裬̫̫ôˣקսĿӣСʵ
ս£Ǳڻ͵Ϊ̫̫ܾöû󲮸ˣ̫Կˡ

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Ҳû취ȻԲᱧźӻؼҵġ廪̲סǹƢСʱúܡ
߸ļ޵´̼ܣڵ֮ǰĺܳһʱ䣬ǴͷһĴڣҲΪμҺ˴ѣܲŽ

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廪һ̲סͷԲԲ˯˶ˣ
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ŪѰɣ˯̫ϸ˯žˡΪ̰֣廪ǺܶСϢģҪǲһҹź棬ͼ˯̫࣡
սԣ̺ߵĸԲԲСȻĺԲԲԲԲ
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սһ㶣ʶĻͷ廪
衣ԲԲС֣סս֡
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ս֣һѽԲԲԲԲ˳ƷսļϣȻͿվսͷ廪İս岱ӵ͵һȻӾŤ޳ְ֣Ҫְ֡
ԲԲˣСҲЩˣһûս廳ȥ
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˵ĺɣһ統СɸյСʱһ
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ֺؽķ˳ǣΪһֵӰ˵ĳУսƳģ˺Ǿ̶ˣȻȫ̻µСسǵﶼ˻
δŮĵһᣬĺС
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ְ֣ǵĹԺҲôôСӱȥڒİְ֡
ְӲ˲ʲô
æѧߵ磬ϣܽճ͸Ժ֮ĶˣҲسһߵĻơ
Сӽְֿ
ְƳһۣȻͿУһŮˣһƴСĳ飬ԱߵдŮ˵Ļι绰Ҹʲô˻ؼңֱ϶ˣ²ʰУȥһˡ
ʲôְЩµĿõһ档
Сӿ˿עͣдţֻͨߣЯ
Ҳߵ磿
ְֽӹ飬ҲӣԹԵĿʼ
ԭֻͰ̸ְһ̸ҵδģȴ˳ˡ
ᡣ
δѵѽ

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һҷĶԻ
Ϊս, ˳ǵļҳǲֹȥǮǣǣʦ, ȥһϸˣֹʲôҪѶϢ©ˡ
Ǳõʥּһ, ߬Ǯ, ȥˡ
ȻǧĽǮ̨һģһδŮ
, ƺܴ
ΧûͬѧĽĿ⣬Ǿʱеĸ߹ʱ, һ棬δ꣬Ŀӡǵĵס
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۵ҲԽԽȲ˵ѾСɵŮߣЩƽʱļҳ, ҲԷʱյһݡ
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Էʱ򣬷֯ʳ, Ůǰռӣ÷һ߳һʵ
ɶ, үͳ챧ſҵûء÷Ů˿һ˵һ̲סƲƲ죺ôÿôҳŶ˺üˡ
㻹˵ͦÿ÷ԱߵŮʱ, Qûͣ
, ʶֶôͿ飿
һŮ̫ԸŮ̳Ц
ڵɷ֪س, ʱȢ, ų￴˶ϱô˳ǣԼĹø˶ϱеĿš
ôʶֶͲܿˣ
۾һ˦˸۹ȥ֮ǰίԱĵɨäӰҿһȫˣЩֶȫʶء
˵ڽ°͡
ǸȻǰʶֶһֱʶֶίԱ˵ˣֻҪɨäȫˣĶûġ
ȻǸũˣɸأ
ôһ˵ŮʱƲƲ죬ͷ̹Ȼ˵㡣
ڼ˵ˣţҪ˵ίԱǣҵҵء÷ļ򣺡뵱۶Ľ÷ܺͽ˵ѽҲС˵ˣ
İ滹أôһ˵ŮҲͣ˿ӡ
ǿɲǷ֯ء
Ϊ֯һӣп֯ŵʱ򣬱ˣСɻڷ֯Ķ˺öˣоڣǸС˸ƻԵġ
ѽһȥҲһ
ŮǶʱͷȼˡ
ǶǼкӵˣⱾһѧУƼˣֵĲУټϻ˻ǰίԱǵһʱȥ֧һֻϧûȥ󣬺ſææˣпտ飬ȻҲû
û뵽ڵٶȿ죬Ȼˡ
˰࣬Ůǻ˼ңһʱʹ
һҲˣҲˡ
ǿﻹʲô˽ģˣûӣֻԼˮһһҸжԼǸ˼ҵĺˡ
ٻص䣬ͿԼſգ۾ӡ
ôϱǶŻˣԼҵĸϻɶʱ۾
ǳܺãҲڿ˰ɡ
Ժܹô
Ůǵ֣ĸ鱾棬ЩĹŮˡ
⡭ǳˣ˵ʵǲ̫ܹӵģǿԼϱ۾Ҳֻҧҧͷﲻ˵ô˼ܶǵĺӹ۲˵ܹܲϺӣüܶļ֮һɣ˵ԺǶӣӾܹˡ
˵Ķԣ
Ů͵վһ˵ļϣŬˣǲܹϺӣ
ǲԾ
ҾȥӰ࣡
Ǹˣ֣ǲ˼
Ůǿɲô룬ͷְ鷭ҵϸզ°զľͳأ
һߣңԶı߽
Ϊ·;ңԶټо⣬廪õ͸Ҷۼʮ飬ɵ̻ʱͨ˵Ҷ۵
Ϊëܹϵ䣬Ư׼׼ȽõһټŬҶǼоԱ⣬ÿ컹æµ绹ܴյһԸɶġ
磬Ҷ۳ŷأʹͷһ
ʼ
Ҷۺ˿ӹæȥʼ
Ȳ˲Χͬµ⡣
ֻʮһģһɢϣ̵Ŀۡ
һķõСɣű㣬èһ¶ͷӣֻǣȺоеĲС򣬶СõЩ
ӿͦ㰡Աߵ۾
ˣǿûÿһĴͬĵͷȻָָСǰĻʲôźǴֱðģ
ᣬ۾ã˺һſĻϵݣǹڷɻķʱɶġ
ֱɶһ˵ԴҲչһ˵һ˳һ飺ѾͷϺ񻹴Ŷ
ôơ
ӴǣⲻСϱһ
СϱģҲҪһ
һһģûһͱϷ˸ɾ
緹һȺûƵҪôʵңҪôȥ˯Ҫô⣬Ƕһڿʱʱģͷͷ䡣
бе˼
ʵְɣҵǾоƬеͷ
ǵУûоƬҲǰ״ϸ⼸ͼС͵ļؾͷ
ҵǾͦ󵨵ģ֪ô󴢴ٶȵļаӴС⣬ֽˡ
һϲǸֱͶ㡣
ۼ䣬Ϣʱ͹ȥˣûԼİ칫ˡ
е˼һȥоо
ʮأⱾ˰
ҶۻǱŲ֣űסһ顣
Ҷۻ˰칫ң۰Ͱ͵ĸںͷͬ־ĸ籨£򼸱ĹоôˣʮĹš
Ҷۿ飬ٿ۰Ͱ͵
ҪƽʱֱֵӸˣɽǼһһ£ȻԺһЩ˼·ԡ
а°Ҹĵ籨ȥ
СƵĵͷ
Ҷ۽˰칫ҲϲЦտĺȥˡ
δŮһпƻɫʵδڷһܺӭǣС۵ĶСɣӻûռһֽʵ飬ǵľ̫Ļ֡
ĽСõСǰ漸˵ļܶʱԶԼǸоƺֻҪŬˣܹСƵġ
ЩӳӰԽԽ࣬óӵĳһͷˮ
СǸעСóЩĶ
绰ֱбģԶܱɡñӣΣջἱ͵ı֮ġСǺ޲ԼСɡ
սһ磬༭Ͱֽӷŵǰ
ʲôսЩ¡
ߵš
༭ͳ˲ͷĺǶ죬ȴӲеȡ
ôࣿսŵˣΪʱ˵ѹֵģû뵽Ȼôš
ĶĶкü¥²ֿأЩǻûзˣЩǷ˵ġ༭˵д˷ܣҪ֪ԴʮǰȺʼǳɺþûôֹˡ
սЩգЦһ⣬ôడҶûô
ԸĻԻš
༭ʼ򣺡ŻذɣϾ̫ˡ
⵹ģҪȫŵĻսýԲҪڶˡ
鿪ʼô
ӽŵڣû䣬༭ͿʼԼسʼ˸ӣͷǸϽѵڶˡ
ѾдˣȹҾͶʡ
սҲ֪Ȿÿڡ۰ͯľ뻪г֮ǰСȳΪŮС
ڣڵӲռ꡶۰ͯľҲõĻ뵽ԭЩŵְȥ
ո˿ս༭ĵĿڣɨäϵкͷϵУҲ˰ñ֤²С
սһһû
ЦЦ֪ģİɡ
һʱˬ»᳡
ɶʱд߸ˣ
ӳǴˣ˵ãȻͼææȥ˰ٻ̳ѰҶͯˮȥˡ
˫̥꣬ʵϲ꣬ԲԲȴʵʵ꣬Ϊ³ա
һ㺮ٵʱڰٻ̳æ
սȥʱվƷ̨ɤӺ𼷣Ŷӣһ𼷣ټǾͲ̨˰
ֻϧĺû˿ǫ̂ЩŮóǰδеսֻΪ嵽ǰţȻ
ս岻żôЦеվԱ߿š
һֱһ뿪ˣƣĿڹ̨ˮ˹ȥ

˲תͷϲĿս壺
æӹ̨סսĸ첲ʲôʱİôء
ҿæ
㣬迴ڼܣҹʵϰסսĸ첲õз²Ļͷ˺Ҫ˵ˡ
˵꣬Ҳ˻Ӧֱսܡ
սһ߸һ˵ҽѽ
Ųʱһ٣ԹĿһΪҵء
Ҳ˳㡣սæһ䡣
ûĵģ˳ң˰ɡ
ô˵սǰߣֻת˸򣬲һͿ̳Σĸס
߹ȥսͽ˫̥ˮһ¡
һ£ɣˮУǹ󡣡
Ǯսæʵ
߿Ǯ
һ¹ֻжʮ£߿ǮˮѾݲƷˡ
սȴ۾գľ͵ͷ򡣡
Ҳˬһ
æսȥ̨ñӡ
Ɑӹ󣬿ȴѹһˣóʱλԹţⱭӵҾ֪ôǺõģ϶û򣬹Ȼûһûóȥ
ɫ˫̥һɫһɫս忴˿ѡ˸ٻɫġ
Ǯ˱ӡ
ع̨ս˵Ҫȥ
⣬קսĸ첲ҪȥúþûǼҵ˫̥ˣһȥ˵ţᵽʳƷһｭһá
սֻô˼ҡ
·ϵʱ򣬲֪ô˵˹ǿ
Ϊ͹ǿ׹Ѿ˶ףδҲǾǿʡǴѧģ磬ͬͬѧߵһΪʱ伱ѾͶˡ
û޸ȻĻڸÿ޵ľˡ
˵ǿʱ۵ǲмǵЦݴżڽСҲɵ岻ô˼ҽû˵ֻҪҩѣǿһ֣͵ͷӦˡ
ɵ
ս򴽣˵Ҳܹˡ
̼ǵõһμСʱʱС۾峺ģ˿ɵֵϴοС⣬ȴĦįģСŹǿǺȻλУǿûбС⡣
ĻҪҲòΪɣС顣
˼ҹǿҲûžˣⲻûأʹ˸ؼˣ˵Ǹѧءһ˵һ߸ֵķ۾ϹˣȻϸģǿͷҶҪġ
սôһ֪˵Ƽˡ
жƼֵ˼֡
ѻ˵ôףͲָƼ˵ǿǸõģƼȴһе˽ȥ
ս̲ס̾˿
ʣôˣ
ûʲôᵽǿ;˺Ĳô󡣡
ǰ
Ҳ̲ס̾Ҳ˫۽𾦣һ۾ͿƤµH
ô˵ս̲סЦˡ
˵ȥ˫̥μҲ˲ʮӾˣʵ̫㣬ֻڽ￴飬Ҳ
ߺսŽˮó
ԲԲ쿴ʲôˣ
ԲԲЩ󣬵Ҳ˫̥ˣս⣬Դ˼˰죬Сڣ֪

սЧˮ˳ԲԲרˮ
ԲԲǸٻɫˮ۾ʱˡ
ƵĿˮ
ԺԲԲͺͰһˣԼСˡ
ս彫ˮԲԲ
ԲԲ˿ˮСĦ˰죬̧ͷս壺ԲԲĿô㣬㲻ô
ԲԲô˵սĶʱһ¡
ǰļͥĶСŻʳ
ȻҲԲԲ⣬ֻûֻ֨͵͵Ĩһ۾֪ԼԲԲߵģս²ˣһˣΪأˣҲ÷֣ԲԲս顣
ԲԲദս巢֣ԲԲǸϸеĺӡ
ڼ˶æʱѾܹԱߴŵܵһˣʱûûصĴ£ҲֻҧҧˣҲ״
սʵڿȥˣԲԲŰһ١
޵ľ춯صģˣսļ£ĺԲԲǸ
Ӵ˰֪ˣȨࡣ
꣬ܵķżʱˣҪزˡ
ڼǰƯѾˡ
ӹǱѾ˺üСͻۿʱҪսܲòˡ
֮ǰս忴ܣͻȻ˵磬һҪעⰲȫΣԲԲڼء
Цŵ˵ͷ
УԶעһЩ޺ģСȫԱǼٵģЩɥĲˡ
Ӳסˡ
û뵽ԼĵþȻļʶ뵽ûЩûʲôԾġ
á
֣صĵͷȻѾսĻ

79 ǹ

սⳡս˽Ĳ, ΪвսϱҲһսĲҡ
̼ǵãλѾϵļǲԼ˵ϱ˵սʱݺģ
˿̿, ߷·ϱĿ
ڻ𳵿Ҫһɲ, ûסıԲԲź׷˹ȥ, ڴ, ս׷ʱֹͣˡ
ȥ
ٿԲԲɡһߺһܣսܿվ˴, ټõ˵磬һһҪעƽͺ, ˵, ֻһս, ɶ˵ȴǾٹ֮ս, ֮, СѾˡ
û˵, Ѿ, ٶȽӿ, ܵ˲ʧǰ
սסţȴ, ţͿܵԴӴ̽˳ƺҪ˵ЩʲôֻǾԽԽԶ, , Ҳֻܶǻ˻, ǵ
գ𳵵ӰʧС
廪ҲСܵսסļ򣺡ȥɡ
šսЩģҲ֪ȥûС
˳սŻ˹
ҲǵʱһֱĬԲԲſ˿ڣҰְֻô
սһ£ЩĿԲԲΪʲôôʣ
˵ҰְֲΪҪˣҰְĲҪôԲԲС߬Ľģü΢΢ţǽţȴޱȵĹɡ
Ϲ˵ְôܲҪ㣬ȥˡ
˵ţսָָС㿴С壬ְһǾˣְǲǲҪˣ
ԲԲ۾ʱһӣαʹչȥС壬Ұְһǽžô
ǰ
СͷİɣְֻǳˣǲҪˡ
ԲԲźһ㣬˻ȥɵսߡ
ս̧СԴϡ
ߺ죬ʼæϾؼңԺȶھߺ죬´֪ͨȫһս״̬ɴμСԺսҲ׼ѧˡ
ֹ죬ձˡսĺŽѾˡ£ڶ賿սĺŽǾĴˡ
սҲһѧУ
ⳡսһֱ˽ʮ졣
ʮӵܱӢ·սƽһ˼׶Եֹͣ
Сӣ飬ȻĻʧɾͲˡ
ž̧صĴܵļ
˷֮Ա
ⲽȦ̲סĸ̾ǼѧԨԴ㸸״ʱҲñ㸸׵ķɰ
žҲϲӵ׳ֻǸǲ͵ġ
±·ţҲֻסܣûǹаܵǰ̡
ҲżȻˡ
кЦȻҲǸ˵ġ
ҲʵһôĹ϶һȹģСӣųλˣ㲻ûܸһʦҲпܵž˷ܵĴ֣̲סһӣģҪǻûȥ˵ɶһѡ
վıֱž㷢ϲãһܻȥˡ
صս
սһԵӿΧסGųôȺ˲Ǻ˵ģ
ǣҶûҿǿĽ緹ʡǳأǰϹˡ
㣬˵ˣҵЬͳȥˡ
ߴߴҲֻᷳ
αϣƵ˵λؼң˸˵ⳡս˵ֻսԺӹȴǾٹ֮սʱС˾Ͳܵˡ
ܵǸõʲôأ
˺ֿܶܣңƷ뵽ʳ󡭡ԼԷĽɫУͻȻ뵽Ļܸܿҵսʱһᱧܴһһ뷨
ԡ
ܵˣǾֻܵˡ
ȺŮֵͯʱһֱڹ۲ǣǵĲԾʱ̵ϵĴԼµıǶһն
޴ıը
ȺŮ˺ͺӣԶǸӶ
ǽ񡤵ϣһֱץУ֪޾Ĵǻ˲ӣֻҪһ޴ıըǡ
ҺãĶľǵĶ顣
ڷºĵһʱ䣬ͽͨ籨˳ȥҲΪ籨˸ˡ
˵һĬ
漴һصĵͷ˵Ķԣսʱ˶ǹҵ
ȻǱԼģǵͬľͲˡ
ңͬƯһʱ򣬶ٻʿ˵ͷֱǰǡ
ôһ룬ԭ˲
ս˲ܿ죬ǰҲͶʮ죬սɨսȴġ
ܱˣսʬǣǼᣬȻصӣиοŹ£ŵλ֮ҪȥæһֱûϢμҡ
μҵķΧҲսʱĸ˵ǡ
һһ޵˯žˣԼǻмԱ߿⣬Ѿȥˡ
һֱʮ󣬾ȫ룬ܲŷһͨ籨ؼҡ
ϢĲų׵ķѹֵտʼůսҲ˿ܰʣ׼ӭӽƯķûš
õܵ籨ĵ磬սͺͳļһǰӴĹԱͣȻһ˳ǰ
һȥγͳһȥģǾľŴԼһŵʿ
ǵʱս巢֣ź̺ߵĿյֶӣұǼʻźСѧǺ滹վһȺıߣЩһռһλãʮϽ˿պΪ˲ɷöܲӡ
սڽӴͬ־ѵЩš
ͷˣһһûƽʱĵɵź׳ɫĿǰոƿŵķɻҿɿ
ɻſˣȥûһֱ˴Լһӣ˴֮߳ǿŵ
ͷԺЩ̫һޱȣرۣս巢ģǰĽΪƶŬ۾ʧܣʶı˱۾
֪ĳƬӦò̫塣
ţ֣Ӵǰȥ֣գСѧ׻һϵձˣֵսϳˡ
ս屻롣
ǸųֱӸŵľߡ
Ȼ֪Ϊʲôôţǿͳƽʱͬ棬֪Ǵġ
սҲֻһ׵ϯټߣһ·ϸΪŵǽŻķ飬ɱģʮŵĽвҽ֮Ļɫ
װգƯҲл͹ݵģţô˵ҾòǺܺóԡһСŵ顣
սԴǣΪûгԵڵв͡
ʳǻϣ˿
ңǵв͹һǵĿζġս˵ĿǷǻͬͨһȻ
ȻСϹˣô֪ûҳһڵв͡
Ȼ
ȥƯôټҰͻȻʵ
ûСսҡҡͷ
ôĵ˵вͲأ
Ϊв͵ԡ
սЦЦûΪ׵ʶǺĽͣǹҵʳ˲ͬĳУݵؾĿζиģ˵ƯˣǹڣͬĲƷڲͬĳгԣвͬĸܡ˵սŵ°ͣңǹмǧͬĲˣҪһһƷĻҪˡ
û˵ǲԴȺеһͷˡ
˵ĶԡͷˬЦͬĵͷ
˼Ļعͷս˺٩
ȵдսæǰæİŰסȻֻǷ룬ɵʱҲͷʶֻԼ뿴ľ͵ȥ
ŵǸڷ˵ʱǸ˾ȻĻظ
лл㡣
Ƿǳ׼ľǻ
㡭ǻˣս岻ŵĿǰˡ
Ҫ֪ǰʮ껪ȷʵȥ˺ܶ໪ˣڹվȽŸ֮٣˵ţμ˷ûšҲ̫ţ˵ɡ
ǻˣʱڣ˱˹Ƕᡣ˺ƢĽ͵һ˵һ֣ãŵС֣½½ң
ҲҪҽˣôսա
ȻѾ֪֣ս塣
ս塯ִ½ңǻԲĶսȻĪЩж
ҵĸĸ˼Ҳڹһʱ䣬ֻǺΪһЩֻƯҶвİ½ңŵĶսЦЦ
λҲǻصˡ
½ңЦףһƬγ
һֱæµ磬Ž˶Ӵͬ־ȫ۵¶ͣǴ˹ȥԷһγԵѼ˶ʱΪˣ֬潴ķҷУԵĶӹԲ
ǳдսǲпյͷ̲ˣʼ
һͷžö˵㡣
ȺӴͬ־Ҳڿͷ²ۣ̫ܳˣôЩˣֻѼ
ɲǣǽ࿾˼ֻȻĻͶˡ
˵ӺùôôҲô˰ɡ
Ѽô
Ҳԡ
ĶԻڼսѾԱ㣬αϣ۵˫ȴˡ
һһ߿ͷһ߼¼ʲô
дˣҲˡ
ֶһᣬ½ңһ˵һ߽Ƶ룬ϱʼǱȻͷս壺ûз֣úһˡ
սæֱ壺һˣ
ϸĻһ½ңûʲôӡ󣬼ǵľ˫Ц۾
½֪
Բۣ
սɴ˫ۣŵĿ˵½֪ĸף
һ㲻ĸףҲһĸйϵֱʵıϡ
˵Ƕᣬ֮ǰھסһʱ䣬вİ
ʱŻﲻԣں½֪ĸϵͷĶˣ½֪ĸҲǸּң˹ں½֪ĸ׽һƽ󣬾ôϢʧˡ
½ң˵ڹһʱ䣬ΪһЩرԭֻƯ
ôһˡ
ֻǡ
Ȼˣǲ֤Ů
˵
ʼǱջذȻվ½֪סǰĻȻȥ˵꣬Ļںĳ𣺡ˣûѧУˣȻˡ
úá
𼱼ææץ˸ͷ뿪ˡ
ս˼ĵͷȻͿǿҪ߳ˣæվԼİźܣȵңҲҪȥ
ȫ۵µĴš
СѾųˡ
Сǣսϳǰͷǡ
ãгġڰ֣ȥɣﻹкӵء
Ҿˡ
սЦЦת˳ְѳ򿪣ǻ˻֣뿪ȫ۵´ſڡ
˼ң˫̥Ѿ˯ˣԲԲû˯ץ۾ˣǿŲ˯廪һս壬ʱ˿¶þˡı顣
ԲԲս壬۾֣ĺһ
ԲԲ
սڴߣֽ廪ﱧԼĻ
ıúӣ˯ɣˡ
ԲԲźƷƵ˯ˡ
㲻Ͳ˯
廪Щͷ۵ǣһҳ鶼ûɡ
սæȥ˱ˡ
廪ʱЦˣҡҡͷࡣסսĲӣһڣ繣֮ǰоʱһ˴ӣǲҲôۡ
ãϾ̰ҡ
սɿ֣ԲԲʾ廪ҰԲԲ
廪æ˴
սԲԲ飬СĽڴϣĺ󱳣ΪȥͻľüͷҲƽ
˯ˣսΪϱӡ
ԲԲ̫ûаȫˡս̾˿
Ҳû취飬Ҵ֮ǰ˵˴ϾԼҡ廪ҲϧӣҲܵĿԡ
ɺǿ϶ҪŸĸһ𳤴ģǵܴҲ治˴簡
Ǵٻ飬̲ôԲԲġ
廪̾˿ǾĿǰһʱҲٻ飬ңٻˣµļͥˣԺ󻹻µĺӣ޹ؽҪ˸Ǯչ˲ãԼɷͱŮĺӣмġ
廪仰˵Ǻʵġ
ĸӵĹϵܿĳˡ
Ϊĳǿ
ĺܰǰޣ۰ӵĻⱲӶܲٻˡ
սԲԲԴֻء
̲ס̾һӣ˳ӣôôأ
ֻ뱲Ӹеȿеࡣ
սԣʱЦˣҿ϶ȿġ
ͷ۾Ŀ廪ҵǹѽ
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ֻĳھ
ս嵽ǵʱ, æȻ졣
ľˣŰȫñܼ, ܼ˵ͳظ˽ΪĿǰ˵̨Ǹƽ̨Ҳûʲôʲôģܼ࿴˺̫⣬޸ġ
ֻʱͶ
, Ӵͬ־ΪԼþѧԺĴʦΡ
ս廷һͿ׺½ңվڼ˶ĵԱ, ֪˵Щʲô, Ȼܼ, , ̧ųŰ˹ȥ
ˡ
սһСһ߶Ű״к
, Щģ, , Ϊʲôô䣿
ôˣս忴׵, ȻɻĿ½ң
·ңƢĽͣҹ˯ʱûǺñӣƺЩˡ
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OKOKһæ֣粵ҡ
ⲢǱ粵ףңǻѾмǧʷˣѵǲ֪ĴôΪʲôҲ˯أ
սһĿŰףȻΪûôˡ
СһֱڵٵİĳЩֵĵˣҪɲԼרҵȴ֪η
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ŶΪǴ޻ѽֲıӶ嵱Ȼкôˡ
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սĿ½ңȻƶŬһԻ͵ġ
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ллս㡣
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ԶԶģߴŮͬѧߴߴ
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ռҵĴſڲͣĺţôҵķӰ
һ߿һĴȡ
Ƿӵԭ˻ˣŷ֤ѷҪȥˣЩסһ˶ٿǮǲɢѾ͸ϳˣǷӵǻٶأ

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ԽԽ͸
ǰ, ޸ǰͷǸˣ˵Ҳ࣬ɴûΪӷչ
ʱ, ճ, Ϣ, ÿķվǺͼļŲ, ƾԼҺѧϰɼãȲھӼҵĳСӣԹû, ׬Ǯ, û취ڳﶨ, Ϊˡ
ڰ, Ȼ˳ˣ֮ûС
Ǹʲôķ, ķӰĿ޵ֻ֪˵һ仰
ڵ, Ավ޴ӡ
ھ, ̴Ӽ߳, Ϳǰ̨, ԱߵĿյϷű죬йư֮Ķ, ͷ, Ȼޱ, ͣ, ߶š
Ӱ, 㵽ôˣʻռߵھӡ
߹һ£, զ¶, ôˣ
̧ͷھӡ
ʶ˺𻨹Ըƽ˵Цģɰȴһֱԣ˼Ҷк磬⻧˼ҾͿΪ˶ӰСŮӵµľٶûͷ˵ƫĵĻ
սˣŮҲûͷ˵ũ֮Ļ֮ĺܣҲǺս޵μң˲ĺ«ٺ
ڵĹȻǲĵġ
סˣеҪһйĴڡ
Ƿҿǻ˲ǮģίǱ߿ɶдģ˵ջؾջˣ˵˵ⲻѹЩСϰô
ɲ
ȷʵӦð
˻Ϳǰ̨ϣͷң۾ͨ죬ᣬŸ豭żŮ˵ʲô˵һߩ飬һ˦ָ̨һΣڿϲ˲Ȼ
ǰ𻨶ĵĹǺ
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𻨣ͻȻһ࣬ɤӿ޵衪ȾҼҰɣĹȥ
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ˣɥǣʲôؼ˵
𻨵ʱˣ˵Ӳ
̱졣
ɲ𻨸ܣɻ𻨸أۼǷòˣ˵ɶҲסռ
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Ǽ¶Ѱ˼ŲУϸ氡úõķӣզ˵߾ء
ǰⲻ۸Сϰ
Χ۵ھӻΨ²ҵ˵
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һʻ̾ͿһһʮĽЩӷ˵˳
Դ𻨸˸ɨֵĹҲʽﰲ˱ƾǨˣѾ˾ľˡ
ԭսһ½ʮǮĹʼһʮ˿ǮҲѹˡ
˭֪ǰ죬ͻȻֵ´ˣԺס˵סķӵԭ˴ӹˣԺյķеһԱеķȫ˹ڵŮ԰չأǰ֪ͨǹݵ˼ңʱ䳤̣һɲٿǮȥ
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ͷ֪ͨڴſڣǸᣬֻ֪ս֣սʲô취ء
ۿԺ˶ˣͷţֻսĻȰռլסһʱ䣬̨Ͽ޵顣
ԽԽڣԽԽ
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ֵص顣
ժͷϵñӣĴ쵼ԽӼˣ˾;÷չ鶼˵һЩԼ뷨Ҫô˵ʱбµģʹ쵼Ķ̶ʮڣһٴ룬ûд쵼Ȥġ
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û뵽廪ôˣȷʵӷ㣬ǵͷ극廪ļ򣺡ֵܣԺ˫˰ķɵŵ㣬ǾԶϢ׽Ӵ
Ĵġ
廪һߣ֡
ʱЦˣ
廪˸ۣתסս壺߰ɣǸûȥˡ
սŤŤ򣺡Ͽɱġ
ĴЦ
ӿڣ˷ֵ
ǰս壺˹⣬һѧͽҲøϽˣ˵ʲôʱˣɱʱûãˡ
֪ˣϽȥɣСܼš
ˡ
ȥ·ϣ֮һ۵ľ뻺ǰߣ廪δս˭ܹæ֡
Ȼ˼ңŷּ˲֮͡
𻨴μҵĿ棬˫̥ԲԲ˰˯С䣬Сǽ棬ֻһڿдϱ
սˣ𻨺̼վ
ɩôˣսͷЬ
´һСŮ
ϴμʱЩϴëصף洩ŲӣϲȵǶʮǮһ˫Ƥ߸ЬӺ˵ģһƽʱӹ̹ˡ
ǲܡ
İĶһӶûطסСûעСŮȴá
Щﲻƽ⣬˵ȻЩӲˡ
أмһµġ
սһ£漴࣬æվȥǣ̸
𻨷Ӧͽ˺ǵķ
ټĿʱϱսޡ
廪ȥǽˮƿɩɣҸˮ˵ž͸ǵˮˮָԼս嵹ˮȻˮƿ˻ȥźϾ߻ԱߵĵɳϣãʲôѴҲ˵ܰæأ
廪һһ˵ϻЦ𻨸ոյ̾Ͷһء
Щս˲ٿ
˵ս廹Ǽ޷ǳ޲սھҲ֪սѾǴѧˣԺۿɼǰ;Զ󣬰˵ñָЯһԼҵģǣסĵطûˣҲ˲Ժˡ
ˣ̿ڵأ˵һ˵Ǹլص¡
լأլʲô°ս忴𻨣ֱֻԼģʱЦˣ˵ǽҪҵլذɡ
ôլˣռҵլءʱ۾һɣȻͿ廪ֱӣһƵĿԼĵ׶ʱһˣЦһǶɩĶֻڶˣռҵլܸܲ˰ɡ
Ҫ԰
սЦЦլôȥ껹½ݣǧǮҪĻǮǾȥ
ǧǮôȥ
г
Ҳһͬլؿռҵլأ˵޵ĹŮլǲܸġ
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սӲҽ컰ˣǧǮһӶⷿӶҪ
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ȥѧУȥҾȥеȥȥֻҪûеϵĴѧУܿңռլص¶ҪһܱܲסҾͲ֪ˡ
ս忴ЦһΣˣôҵģôӶתȥģЩ꣬ҿɶŵģ˭һТ˳ԼãڳȥһҲТ˳˭㡣
һֻ˵ġ
ΪЩ꣬սڻңΪںңˣҲϵңû뵽һжΪԼ
սɲô뷨ڣôҵı˵ˣЩҲϡ㣬ҰЩ¶ˣΪ˵ǰ;Ҳðĵ׵СžŸұסĻҲ
˵꣬ݺݵתֱӽ˺ӵķ䣬ѷˤ졣
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ˣǻȥɡ廪Ϳ͡
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˵꣬ӣתȥ
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ϱӵǰƨҷһ𻨵Ǻù, ȻҴ, Ҫڻ, ߵôȥ
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𻨵ĳţϣܵһ֮ء
˵˵㣬һũѾͷŹӵ, ˵úõӣһ쵽ռҽ, ջߥǸżңҪĹڸãελøˡ
ˡ
ּ, žҹԶ
ȴռһһ͸Ͻˡ
ôǣսæ߼ߵ, ü
ĺϱ
תֱӻ˼ҡ
Ȼ֪մʲôʱȥҵ廪Ȼ廪¶, ֤ԭܣ죡ɣģ
֮ڰ첻, ΪȥսĲʹ졣
˵ﻹԹս岻, һ뵽սסμǸլŮǴװС, ԹԵûʲôĵ׵ԹܷսϣȻȻ, ȫȥˡ
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մһ, һ߸𻨽ݣͿڵرŴӡֶֶ֡ĺ˰뱭ˮ
顯һӱŻ𻨣صķϡ
ȥǺöϱʲô⣬ҪլأƨأΪμͨ˼ңܹȥһ֣һ˼ҾܰլػǼң
𻨵ּֿ죬͡ȰȰȡĺƻǹţμҵ̫̫ǺĴأˣһͨ˵ֱӰҵӵýŲˣǺŮЦӣʵ軵أںͷҺ϶ҵ˶ûܵõá
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մ󺣻ǲ𻨵Ļ
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ˣȥ廪Ūʲôε¶ˣ𻨻ͷأ⻰Ƶġ
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սս̾˿׷˵ûȥˡ
Ϊ¶廪˵ε¶ûϷˣմһԼ
Ƴһ
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衭¶˭֪Ǽٰ˵˱Ͱ첻ɣ¶ڵġأﻹе
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ӣҸӰȥɡմӲ˵ǷּˣסһʱĻУɲܳסҲˣɩֵΪǡ
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ĿǰȥҷӰҡҲٶǮҪ˷ӣӶȥˡ
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컹ɡֽӹ˯˵ƻŵֺõǰŮˡ
ŮҲЦǺǵģµĺܣʹϴദҲãѰ˼ƽʱû¶ʹʹϴϴ鰡ǴСĺá
˵ǣҲôġ££ƻϵ·ˣϴأ
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Gлл˰
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ãھͻȥȥʱϲЦտŮ˸ӵĵͷ
һżĺӣһֻƻʵǲ·תĺӾ͵һѵĶȥվſŮ˿Ļ棬ûǰȥæǻڽĻȣһֱźˣŹŽ
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ĴϴϚGŮ˵̾ˣСŽ˷䣬ϵкŮˣ̰߳ҹȥŮҲգ߹ȥӱСϱⲻǻ
кҲˣŮ˵ͶŮ˵죬Ȼ͡
ԭ⺢ӾȻǸư͡
˲˰ҾͰϱӻ
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൹ЩģǿϱüӣҲûʲô
ӣÿ֪ԲԲסס
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սҲ廪ĻǿǷ±ʣһȥϴ󣬰˯ˣ˿Ͼѯռҵ
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֪ء廪̲סֹ˹ıӣСܼš
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ս𻨵̬ȴû˿뷨෴ۣı͸ģΪŮôԼĸأֻҪһ뵽սܵЩ࣬廪ԼΪһҲ֡
뵽廪ֵͷĶͷһڡ
ʱսѾ˯ˣȴܸܵһеİͷ˲䣬ҰĵĳĶ˯˹ȥ
ֹ˼죬ǱߴϢûŵݳɹһƱѧΧǳŨ
ѧԺΪ뾩ѧԺһΪһѧڴʦ໥дĻǵıǱ佱ˡ
ѧԺ߶ѣֻ֣Ȼ˻һ;
սһİȥѧϻμСԺżӻÿ컹ԼĹҪںϵʱʵڲ࣬˸Ӻһ֣ټҲửսæʱЪӻϰ
ֻһһȥˣȴȥԽԽ
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սЩֵĽʵô£˻ȥΣհԺǵؼҵġ
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һҲˡ˺ѷΣ˲ġ
ˮѿҵΪ˾С˵ģȴǸˡ
֣Ǹ˹ôôǷأսͳ˲ᡣ
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ⲻ˿ɲУǷء
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ս岻͵ĿһְۣĹļ򣬲תȥˡ
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ȥμںĻ
ŸڻҲƿ˻Ƶĸˣ˭ƶ߲ܵġ
ȾսһԱߵսǶʱ壺죬ȼܸɩӵĴý˰
ְ
ͷǳһǿɵðͬ־չ˺ˣ˵Ժϱðͬ־ء
໡ȾƺȾơ
Ǳ˷ܵķʽȾơ
սЦĽںҿɾһý㣬ָԱɲҪ۸˳ء
Ӵǹˡ
֪սϱ⻰͵ںĺˡ
վıֱǣһϱõģ
ܴܼ
ںʱȦֻô˿Ҹˡ
죬ɩӸжˣܸ籧һ
һ壬˴Ӻһ£ֱһѱסں죬ںʱҲ޲ȥˣԹһ£ȻֻͷǳĵĶս˵лл㡣
սЦЦлѡ
ǰǺѡںЦˡ
һºӴ˺ü꣬ʱǣп֣бˣжʼɣˮݹҲ໥ȡůǶҵԼ·
ҲӵԼѡ
սı
ںıˣֲ̧һ۽ǵ飬ͻȻ̾Ҳ֪ôˣǷѾϴѧأ
սԽļѾģˣȻ֣ȻЩ㱡
Դ˿ٻһЦԷǵ־ˡ
Цҡͷ˭֪أһܻúá
ӣȥﶼĲġ
۳ǡ
һǩ¥Ą
ſ¨Ӵͷ߽ϹЦһ·һ·ķԺ·ĵ˴кﲻͣţ壬Ӵ㣬Ҳջ
ǰջֳ̯ȥ˰СϴīɫĽ˿ۣͷ̵ĺ룬˭뵽һ̫ŮˣȻסء
Ҫ˵Ҳ÷ǼɻһˣŲŲģ߻ˡ
УǶҶҲӦõġ
㷭˸ۣͳ̳һڣҪȥɣһֻ
⡭ϵЦʱˡ
׼ܾһϤ񡣡
ʱ۾һ㰡˵˰Ǽˡ
˵꣬Ҳ㷴ӦֱⵣͿ첽ǵķȥ
ɫЩ԰ףż±ֽͣĿš
Ƚ߹һס֣۵Ķ˷ܣ뿪ℨˣҵ翴ˣȥǩͬǮǾȥӣʱǾİˡ
һȦʱˡ
ͷãҲЩǮҪ¥һܿ⡣
뵽⼸ѣɵҲȦ
صĵͷá

83 ҵ

ʱĺܿ, һգ۵Ĺʱ͹ȥˡ
ڰر, Ҳվ˽Ÿ, ûҵͱʵϰ˵, ֻʵϰ֤Ϳҵ֤
ȥҵ̨ûܿϣǰȥ˸ʡԵ̨ʵϰȥˡ
ʯֺͰ˵Ļû, սǣߣ, ˸ܵĻʿ˻飬Ӷˡ
֪ʯֽϢ, ֻǿһ, ͶѧϰС
ȻãҪȴֹ顣
ں󣬾Ϳʼ˷־ص
˵Ѿ, ҲѾ, ΪںǸѧԵʣҲֻĩ, ʹ, Ƿɾޱȵ㡣
ں죬Ǹ, ϰʱ׳Լĸ첲, ںеޱȵĸж, Ϊںѧҵ, ʱû취ӵҲһסˣеĸĸʵӵʱ˵ԼҪ񣬺ں࣬ʱʺҪӣ˿ûںԭ
ҲΪһ㣬ںֻҪһ𣬾ͿɾĶãǵúʮĽʺޡ
ںҪҵʱһεμҵš
ָԱɩӣɩϾˡˮƿں˵裬ϹˬʵЦݡ
μҴ꣬ĹѾǰСˣͶ䣬ѾʮŮķ顣
żæվĻˮƿȵˮȥ
ȥ
ںŹЦЦ㾶ֱ¥ȥ
¥սڻ
̧ͷôˣ¥ˣ
ںŷԴսһɵЦɲ
ں㣿
սתͷͿں쿿ſϣЩϲӭȥôˣ
Һܿġ
սæӡ
ˣҿɲҽõĶĶ㲻һءںҡҡͷ˼
ðɣȥ¥µȵȣϴëʾȥ
Сõ𰸵ںŵĹš
սϴ˱ȥ¥ϵԡϴ˸ת¥
һǰʹˣжȥϵʵָȨֻΣ뿪Ǿᵽ˺ҶɽǱߵĸȥˣҲľ佫ʮƽټδŵĹһ𷢷
Ȼס˸ȻҲ
ӣһȥڸڵĻ׶԰ѧֻĩʱ򣬲ܻصμСԺ
꣬սѧϰ滭ѧԺһϽѧϰСٺ͸٣һ־˯ľӵһ°˿
ѧõĻԲԲѾüˣ˵żɱƵġ
һǰжְʱҲɹʦλֻǱ˰׵۳Ǿڰ׵۳Ǳ߰ҲӹԲԲֻϧ᲻ãҪԲԲھǣܳһһȥˣǱ߻ûûϷˡ
սҲѾĽӽβ
꣬ڡʵϰһСְԱΪרҵӵĶЩķ빤
ʵϰ֤ҲѾǩָ£͵ŻѧУ˱ҵľõҵ֤ˣ䣬ֵӰĽ໺֮ǰǰһ궼һһɨäӰд٣ƹѾȫȨӵ˵ӰƬϻʦĿǰΨһȫڸģֻСδŮƻöͯ
ΪռгսǼӰӵˡ
ˣվʦ
ɡսЦŵ˵ͷָָɳԼߵԱߵɳôпѽں겻ڴȰҽԺʵϰô
ǰںЩƵĵͷ˵ʱ򻹺ã·ҽԺͿʼæҲʵϰ꣬˼ʮ̨ˡ
Ѿˡ
һ٣ҽѧҲҪ˲ŵʱ̨˵Щҽ㡣ս֪ҽԱǶôϡȱģ˵ĹҽԺҲһ˵ãһʿܿʮ̨ء
ںսô˵Ҳ¶ԵõЦǣο˵ˣٰܵʿˡ˵ţƳһۣԽ˵ɶҴӴȰҽԺ
ô°սһ㶣ɻĿ
ЩЦЦⲻ궼ڴȰҽԺʵϰǷҲǾ࡭˵Ŵ˰ɫͶСˣʱҪˡ
ںְšӣ
Ҳô˵ɣںҵһǺֵ֧ġս廰˼ɫֲ˼һⲻҽΪ¶ˣϣܵõʦİ
ʲô°ںϣܰһսù豭ˮƿĹ˵ȥˡ˵ţתͷں죺緹ǿǺþöûˡ
аҾͲˡںæͷ
ܿˣĿռˡ
ǰЩʱ˵Ƥˣȥҽҷҽҽûлʿܲܺմкúҽʿ
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ȷʵҪںסھĻõĹҪôܣҪôǽҽҡ
Ȼƫҽҡ
ںĴѧǾɩܲѵİɡ
ͷȷʵԣǾ̫ˣҪǽеĻºԲ
ս˳һ
ܵĻôʽƣǸߣֺɡ
иĺô

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ںģûʸں
ҡ
ںһ£漴ͷָ
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ʵɡںСĿ˽ﻹȥܵģϾƣҲߣ˵˵㣬Ҳѧϰپ顣
죡
ʱͬĿں죬ں塣
ܣзִģҲһΪǵļۣҲֵֵ
죬˵ûʲô飬۵ȴŸж
˵кҲ뵽еĲŰ
Ѿ޻ɻˡ
ս壺
ڼﻹ׷ι˸£
һ̣սޱ廪˿ǽϵӣ˵˿ˣٹһСʱ廪͸ûˣʱҲҪȥ
ˣǼ˫̥أں컷ܣûСӵӰ
ѧԺǱѧȥˡսֿʱ䣺ÿ쵽¿εʱˣҪҪһȥǡ
а
ںվҲȥţԺкˣҲ͹ȥѧȥˣѧٹ󲻹󰡣ҪǹĻһöܵǮ
սߵ¼ǱСƤڼϣаɣʮǮһ¡
ԹԣһʱĹˡ
߾ףгӶǹһʣεǷܴԭֻжʮǮһµĹʣǵ˰ʮǮʱҲǵʮǮңȻ͹һǵģоǵۡ
ѧѵãҪٹǼٷһܣǰʱҼսɵģǧء
ں쵹һ׷ˣˣԺǼֻúѧϰˣɶģֲܵԡ
ѧģɶģǹҵĹ⻹ǲġսںߣǼҾûɶ츳ѧɶģ˭ѧĿ졣
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ΪԭߣۿԼĵܱôȻģѾͷѧˣԴӸĸ￪źСɵĵӰӰƬʼܱ
ֻǵӰƬҵĵӰܱ߶е㲻ҵټûרҵĹ˲ţҲǺģ⵼гӦ󣬵ӦȻ
ս巴ûá
˽˳٣ѹǹгԼ͵͵ӡģץҲûá
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սǵãļ꣬ǻҵܵļꡣ
໪ĶʦΪгʧҵջԶƯӣΪĹҵҵשߣԲ
Ǹн

ҵ㻹ڡôȥ·ϣںǣŰСʵ
һӦûڡְġ
ðôõλˣǼ廪ȥĸλҼǵǾϵİɡ
˵廪ս̲סЦˡ
ƷɿЦƵ˵Ҫ廪ʵң͵ҵԱݸ¼ȡȥˣ廪ʵϰ֪ͨһƷɾֱӰ777еҵȥ֧Աȥˡ
оصأܵλ
廪ˡ
һɥ廪ол˵λĸÿؼҳԷ˯ߣжԲߣһߺʦŸɣһ߾ҵҵæоҵƷÿεʵңɽװԱ߻ƣ̲ס׷ź򣬺ɸ֡
ںսЦˣЩɻ󣬲֪ʲôЦġ
սҡҡͷûشҲ֪ȤĲʡ
Ȼصҵʱ廪Ѿˡ
ʹˣҲ֪ӣ廪ûˣͻſڣëժǣǲ廪һݡ
ΪսѧԵʣĻǰ㣬ȥԺҲʼˣҲû飬ѧڸսѾѰ˼ץʱ临ϰʱֱӿԺ
廪ڿ￴ֽ
۾ǰ֡
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ǷΪں칤°ɡ
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ںҽңںΪ˱Ƶȥܡ
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ͶҽɡϾھûʲô
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ĸ￪ŵĲᣬǵ˼룬ʱ䣬ܸܵΧĸˡ
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ôģ廪̲ס̧ͷ
ô룬˵ɶҲðѾսЦһôﻹżء
СɵĵӰˣȥô
϶ҪģڿǣӰƬս̾˿ĿǰĴ󻷾Щɥģ׼Ҳ˵ʧҴȾ̶ȥǣͺΪֵܵλϿ߳ɨä֣СϵУǱİҲúߺС
˵ս岻üҺǲһ·ӣ»еĥء
ǱƬϲɫ
ƩˮīľżϷˮīֽػͱڻɶġԷǳǿΪƷˡ
ǺܺÿЩɫͬʱҲʾҪ׼
Ͳͬˡ
֮ǰĻһˮīϱߣԴСⲿս廻˵׸ֽѾӵļ࣬ӽӽֻиôǾǡٶȿ졣
Ӱ꿪ʼӽǧ򻧣ʱ򣬸ĸ￪źڵӣԾ̵ķʽûгţĶҵὥ㡣
սѾȲϸˡ
ֻҪһƣҾСɵĶƬ
սȭͷԼǮҲ
廪̾˿ǣס֣§Ȼ֧㣬Ҳ̫ˡ
Ӧõġ
սɴ۾ĸҵĲ۵ģ
СɣзɨäϵУҲɶƬսץץԴǶʦٰҵȥԺǱأҲ֪ԺʦǶҵ̬ȿɲ̫Ѻá
սЦ
㲻Ѻãֱϳˡ
ԺȺսǸĹߣٺãôΰҲ޷ΣĻûԵʵ
ʦĿǰǱǱ״̬߸ֺĿȥǵǹھӰģʱֻҪľһƣǵĵȥȻͻˣ豸
廪죬취
뵽̲Ǳ׼ɹһе룬ڵŴߵæɹɣ۸²͡
ǮأٹҲ򰡡
ս¶ڱصõı飺ֻҪһͬ⾩ƣҾȥǰȥ˵ɶðʽ޵֡

84 

հ, С˫̥ԲԲ
ľſڵˣСĳˣ̻ϲӭȥС硣
СС̾Ц, 첽߹
ó׼õëݸȻ˰, ë
Сӹëժñͷ˲Ȼ̹˿Ȼë󲽵ĳߣæ׷ȥС磬ëҾˡ
, ֵ¶
С첽ߵˮر, ˮ, ˴ë, Ȼš˹Աߵ档
СһأСһԺӣֲӲӰ, ս嶼ڼҵ, ɵЩ㵣ǻû¿, ˣ
ǣսոմȥӿڵСȥˡ
ĸ￪źӪֻ꣬Ҫȥ̾Ӫҵִվˡ
ӿڵǻ˼ҵӴ, ǰͰǽ˸Ŷ, Ժཨһݣֱӿ˸С, йϵȥѩ䳧̨, ˾
˵, ˵, ļͬС
ȥǡСҲľתͷߡ
æźܣҺһȥ
ССһĸӿߣһһ͵͵СĲӶʱˡ
ûߵӿأ˻ͷĸӼˡ
С
սһСЦˣ죬ѩ⣬СҲһӣݵ˵ǰҹСҲõˣͶ˼
ллɩӡСҲ飬󷽷ĵлһԼ˺İװֽҧһڣඹζģ㡣
裬ҲҪԳඹѩ⡣̶Сĳඹѩˮ
̶һ٣Ҳ̶ˡ
С
սҲûľ;ܾˣ̶Լѡģ͵øҳ꣬Գඹѩ򣬽̶ֻܳġ
ҲҪ裬Գඹѩͺߵ
𲻽
սЩ
ԱߵԲԲڵĳඹѩ⣺Һ㻻
ѽԲԲáЦˣҲԲԲҧڣ־ȥӣȴ룬쵽һͱסˣ̧ͷһסԼǺ裬ʱЩ˵ӣ衭
ԲԲԼԣս彻ԲԲ
ԲԲİɵЩۣʵҲͦϲ̶ġ
򣬸ոѩʱʣǶȷģϲϲøҳꡣ
һҧһ̶裬ϲ̶
ԡ
ս影ӡ
Աߵİͣһˡ
ǸĻԲԲߡ
һסԲԲ֣ͳżſڵķ񱼶ȥ˵һ£漴ȻҲɵǣסսָ裬߻ؼңԲܺܿġ
ս壺
о˫̥ȫһˡ
صңս彫ʰõģӵͻߴһݸС·̣ʦ˵ˣ¸Ҫϼȥ̽ףϿΣʱҪͺӹҺ廪ȥ
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սȣȱߵӸߣ⿴һӣĶƵġ
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廪ϣĶֻǵȤҪкﻪͳĻĹܣϣǵĺӣδܹʷܹԼΪΪ١
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ĸױһ⻰ʱҲƵģֱӴιҵɵӰʲôλأȻ˼Ҫ㣬ȥܱȵֺðɣҪϹưǻڲǨôСӣֲǴ˼ƭš
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ҪǿԵĻԱǿյ͸ˡ
ս幻ŲӣЩС˵ҪʽʵڲҿԼǮʱֻһطѾС

⻰˵ģ֪ĻΪġء
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ɷүүĹһˣʮĹء
ʱһ
ǿǺüǮأ
ʱս񶼲һˣԪ
ȣУҰʣʵǳ˶Ǯ֪ģǲڸҪĻǽһ棬Ҫ쾩㣬ǣģɨäͷϵеĵӰÿٳ޳ΪѧУĽѧӰ֪ô
սֱͦ壬ʶѧС˸񣺡֤񣡡

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Ͼǧ, ƨ
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˵ţս忴Ĳ豭ûˮˣʮڵˮƿŵһ衣
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˵ֵ꣬ߵߵ칫ҵķСܶȥͬȥȥһôǵˣպǿƼİԼĵƤԺ¾ˣת˽ĻҲŲλˡ
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˵ԺͺһֻӰˣ
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Ա߹̨ҵԱҲ֣ʵʾıʵ̫̫ˡ
ս彫С˹ǰȥǸԺȥ
ú͵صĽֵ´ͨǿҲһ֣ߵľֵܵλս廹ǰȥк
·̾Ƶ꣬ȥɻƵ̣ֵķȥ
ȥȱݣó
ֽ֮ǰ̲һһ˵һ̣ԭЩ䵭һӱ
о쿪Ц˵ͳ⳨ǳӣǶöѲȦ
ϴûʼͷεҵܶ࣬˵ǲʲô£͵ܲٵģҪǾܶˣȷʵкôġ
սЦԺǾֵܵλˣﻥӦõǰھҵľǺ˸жģԺ󰡣һлǡ
ǡ˶ʱЦ
սæ˶̡
ӳ̣ЦǿɲΪͼ⼸̰
⻰˵ģѲѵ̣ܵ¸ɣ
һȻǻ¸һĻͲһˡ
˾֣սȥϴǸֵΣֵ¶ȵı飺Ӵιû뵽潫ԺӸ˰
θֽððƬǴء˵ţ̧ͷڴʵ⳧ӻչ˲
Ҳһ仰Ĺ򣬳Ӿͱɡǡˡ
аզأ˵⳧е˲࣬ʳʦɶģҪеġսҲǰŻȥϾһѧϰʳùӦ϶ȸϵġ
Ǹ¡֣˷ܼˡ
ιξͰѴˡ
ʹˣսҲûߣվſڿ˿תˡ
˽ֿڵʱϴǼǿս۾һȻ̧˹սüͷӿ˽ŲǼҲżӿŲ׷
սˣֱ·ڵľͤܡ
ͤ˸ոճս̣ȻϤģ׷̳һʲôءǼתͷˡ
ͬ־´βҪһ˹ˣǰﵽҵԽԽˣûɶղǶλΣλεģ˵ڳɶ£ɱӦҲܣҪ£޶
ĻĻڵΰԽԽˡ
Դǰ֪ºط֪࣬Ȼسֱ֪ͨʰ˳ǡ
ǣ˻ˣȴԭĵطѻǨְֻ취ҪôѧҪôҵλգԵ޹ʣǲǨڵġ
ҲСˣھǣʵϣѾеˡ
Щ˻еӻ磬˵⣬ֻҲôģ˶Ľֻ˭ȥѹڼ
Ǯ˵˵ҪпȻƣһƣɲҵ֯
սüʱ䣬ϴڲõĽֱؽӵܿͻסˡ
ôһ룬üͷչ˿
漴̾˿
ǰٷϴ˵״̬ƫƫټԴȴ˷ѵһ뵽Ҫʮ꣬ս͸оһơ
ϻؼҵʱսƵĽľ廪
廪Щҵʲô뷨û뵽һŤͷͿ廪ŭʵЩðˣ
Ҳ㲻ðܵıȽϿ졣սһ¡
Ȼ̾˿ҪܵĲĻ˵ܺϡ
廪ʱˡ
¶֪ˣĩȥĩ
ս巭˸˸ǷǵȥȥԺӿһ£ĩҲϢһȥ£һȥܾͷš
̫ˡ
ʵǻҲûѡˡдϲǣǵطôΣҪ£Ǻƺûˡ
С廪ͷ
һҹȥڶһ磬廪ս˸ճ緹СͿųˡ
սĲˣŵݸСأŵô
ŵ£ϻܷһ
Сһſһȥ
ȰѲ˷źˣս˺廪ڸʻҶɽĸ۶ȥ
ҶɽһʮľĵطſűֱĴ··ŸߴʱҶƮ䣬ǻˡ
սǵʱ򣬵ѾвҶˡ
³С衪
ȻͿСѼƵģſ˫۳߷ɱ˹һԲԲǣ֣һܣ廪ѧսӶԭǾ˽ģ廪Ÿ첲һѽԲԲ;˸
׵ȻǸ˵ĺܣԲԲȴЩнɻ̲סס͵Ц
߶ˣŴźߡ
ſоģǹʵ֣滹Ѳߵı
ļܸߣסŵĶһЩĸɲסǶм俿ңסľǰ׳ҡ
ǰ׳ģһûˣ̾ѡ˸ڵӡ
ȵԺſڣÿӸڰ׼ҳ
۾ģһǿ޹ġ
սæŰ߹ȥ̣ôˣôˣ
û¶ǡסֹͣ˵Щ˵ˣϰסˡ
׳ˣ
սʶĳŰ׼Ҵſڿһۡ
Ȼֻͷ˼ҡ
ɳϣͷţղԱˮüˣһֱµģȫӪ룬˾Ͳ֣һڣӹǶˣ⼸춼˵ˣﺰöС׵֡
Сף
ǰ
̾˿ļϱŮ߶߶ȴǸΨһڸǰģҲǣܿĶûҪģģǣҶǵĵǡ
˵˵ţˡ
ҿ뵽ҵôȥˣ񶼸ĸ￪ˣǻҶ֪
ĵڶӣĵӡ
ǰŶʱ򣬺һ˺ѧɢ⣬˴˹ӴѶӰ
񿴼׳ǣȥСףҲѹ뵽ΨһһĶӡ
ӺСӶûˡ
ֻмһаٷ֮ʮϣ
βһֱš
ս岻ͣĴıҲСˣʱֳôĿ࣬ɲΪ׳¶޵
æỌ̇̄϶취أɵñغ壬Ȼʱˣۡ
̧ۣ۾Ŀս塣
ܻô
֣ץս֣ڴʵ
Ѿ̫ˡ
һܻģ࣬϶̡ܻ
սҧͷϣĻܹͷ̹һ㡣
ǿˣҲΪս̫ƶģս˷䣬˯ˣųţȻͿ廪ɫѿ˼š
Ѿ˹չ۾ҲǺġ
󣬲Ų̾Ӳ᳤ˣͷëȥͷˣһֱû˵˵ţͳ۾˵ѾתƵˣԱҡͷˡ
ϰףһӹҲǺңˣ뿴ȴ
˵ҲСס
ѾͷҲĺģ˵߾ˣһ仰ûȥ֪ȥ
ֹģ廪ս嶼û˵
廪ɫ֪Щʲôս뵽Ļģ᲻һֱǴͷܽˣսȥҿ⼸컭Ļս˵
绹׼ȥԺӣɿӣɴ಻ȥˣڼ
ڴߣڴİ׷
ս̧ۣɵĿ廪ҪǰѺӽӻȥԼչ˰ɣѧǱҲ׶԰ÿȥͣʹˣۻˡ
С
廪û˵أ൹żˡ
ץս֣ѺӴߴߡ
ﾹȻ
սģһƵģ⸱ӣϣλԶܹƽƽܹһĸס

87 

ڸһ졣
ڶһ, սʱ򣬾ͿԺΧһȦˣ͵, Ҳġ
սĶ࣬ʵģڳԲ꣬ɴະ˹, ʲôҪֱ, ҲãٸǮ
ΪսӦ߼ӣټһֵģࡣ
緹ս廪Ȼ
Ҳûؼ, ֱȥǴԺȥˣս岻ͬ廪ע淿ݵ, ȥ¥µĲ̽һ, ȥߵС¥
¥ûģֻⶰ¥ݶҪһ¡廪Աߵǽ棺ɽ, Ҳ취һ¡
ɾôҼǵɽֻҪһ㴥붼һƬ
սժһƬɽҶ, ǡһ紵, ҶͻȻৡңŶÿ, ʫ黭ġ
Ҳ, ˵˺ǽ, бڻ߰, 죬óǶ࣬Ҫǲ¾Ͳ廪սｫҶùӵ
սһʱҡҡͷǻɣ̫ˡ
һ뵽첻ó棬бڻߣս;ûĺëˡ
¥廪ó׼ĲӣʼԤƿ֮ĲݣսҲҲȡ˸ӸŸɣǰڴʱ򣬶Ǹɹũģ˵ûˣҲ衣
Ҳ˵ֻͷɡ
ûͻȻſڴ
㿴Ե޹ʵĿˣҸոսȥתһȦҲûˡͦżġ
ţһϤ𣺡˵˼ҵˣԺӶȥˣǹˡ
ҲҪѽҪ˼ǰԺӳ£ԹĻ㣿˵һˬŮһǸˬˡ
У
ԽԽ
սŲ˲ɵЦˣӴΣôˣ
šֵһս壬ʱЦˣȻֶߵ˵Ҷ˵ûû£˼ˣǷҪ
Ӵ⻰˵ġ
ˬŮ̧֣ŷεıһơ
αССģһһģֱһ£ɫϰƵġ
һƬĸ£Ǻˡ
˵ţֳŸոպǹ˽ܣС졣
СץץףЩεĶսЦЦ
ּˣСͬ־սСͷ
Ӵʶһ¡
ϴηκֳȥ·ڣͺ䡣˵ţսֿС죺һ׼ԺȥأˣҾͺ˵˵¡
ɶ°ζ⣬̴˹ҪСˣ
ǰɣСĻͦ
úúãǺ°С⺢Ǻúӣ̤ʵֿϸɣȥĵط̫ãǵǴӣ̫ˣֲˣʵû취͵͵ܻˣҪзݹѻǨͺˡ
ε˵˾ʵĿ̫ǿˡ
˵ͱ¸һš
һſˣģûεĿ£ֻúսˣȻһȳһյĸˡ
ǵʧ˺廪վ˶ˣ
ǰսȻӦ
һһģСһû뵽ս⣬Ȼˡ
ɷ廪սСһ¡
С̵ͷ֣ͬ־á
廪Լ֣Ѿմ˲֭ӣæڰ֡
С˳ջ֡
ҽϣսźС˵¡
⳧Ȼ³ģʦǰӰϻʦˣҵ˼ǣʱûƣǸʦѧͽʵĻ飬ԺҪǸʦѧʱƣȻתģֻҪúøɣееġ
С˵ѧͽЩʧս˵Ҫѧܵʱת̲ס۾
ԸĻ
ԸԸԸ⣡
ս廰û˵أСͿʼͷˡ
ֻҪлбתٿҲ¡
սʧЦǺõģֻҪúѧպ϶ܵʽ
СǸġ
ս⻰·˰ƱƵģִսӣͿʼĲݣԺӵĲǾͱŪˣЩҼǶµľ͸Ūˡ
ô˼
ûɶ˼ģʵЩǶ㶼ǰЩ·ϴġ
С˵ʱ̲סЩʵǱʲǻ󣬼ɩڵûӿֻõڶǴĻȥǵڻġ
ֻϧã⻨ãѹֻԼ
ʵǰҲǸء
аɣǾ鷳ˡһǼս˲ûɶ˼ˣΪǰܵŵĲѣæҲӦõġ

֪ô
Сһ㶣ֱӲ˲ͷĺզֵ࣬ϣжʮˡ
Ҽһк磬һԵĻˣܲô
ûԺʲô
զ룬룬뿼ƣˣǹʲôãҲ˼ҳҪǰ˵ˡС̾˿⻹Ƕ򣬹ʳҪƱ˵򲻵еʳֹ˵ʵϰͼɶܳԱô
⻰Ǹʵ
ҪܳԱʱҲھѹ
ս廹ɣȴСסˣʢȴս廪ֻ뿪Ժӣȥ·ϣ廪һֱĬţ˼Ҿ鷿ʼұֽ
һֱս彫緹պˣ廪û
ɻ¥ƿ鷿ţͷ鷿Ѿҳһˡ
廪ڵϣͷڹ﷭ʲô
ʲôأս⿪Χȹ߹ȥʵ
ıֽ
廪ͷڹЩƵġ
սԱߵĹӣҲǺһѱֽһ߰ŷһʵıֽʲô
Ҽǵıֽһʱһֱӽˮ顣
廪ִһӱֽҵˡ
˴Ļҳ
ߵ߽ĴӸ鿪Ȼһһŵķ
ս߹ȥͿֽı⣺ⲻǵ±ô
š
廪ͷȴûͣûãͷűֽ㿴⼸űֽдţԬͬ־зӽˮѾʼˣĶܸߡ
սЩӵĿ廪һۣС˵ԲԲżֽ
ţҪܽӽƹȥĻʳͲڳԲˡ
ǡ
սֽӹֽ֪ڵⲻǳԱƱ⡣
˷ֽĿǰľϰǮ򲻵棬˵Ѿ˽ӪǸƻǺܴ󣬻оʳˣӶãĿǰûƹ㣬ʳҲϲȥС˵ЩɵģֻҪǮҪƱģƱ֤Ҫ̭ģоһ˽ӪˣӪ꣬磬ٻ̳ɶģҪܵһг
廪򴽣ԽѾת
ңҲ֪߼зʮ飬ôƹ㣬ҪǣôʺƹôЩǶ
廪ֽῪ
룬óֽʣ׼д
緹ս̧ĺ󾱡
廪ʼһ£ˣһ˵Ϳʼܱʼ顣
ս̾˿ת¥ʢ˷װһСˣŶ˵¥ϣϣ廪ͷûֱ̧ӽЩ˸ˡ
廪һддҹ
˾ͶϵķڣȻֿʼд¡
ֻдĲ˳ͿͿĸģսŵʱ򣬾ͿŸֽ棬Ҳȫ廪ȴɽд
ս廪˯ɴҲ˻ֽ
һҹμСԺ鷿ĵһֱû
һʱ䣬սȫȥæԺӵ£廪ÿ˰ؼҾ͹鷿ддеʱ򻹻ؼң泤רҵԴʻս忴ֱΡ
ԺǱߣСȻ
ǼһݣмسǵŮ֪֪࣬ǵæɨС¥ֵϵ֪Ҫ³ӺҲԷĹæָ⳧ԺһֱԺҲմմ⡣
ֹ˼죬ǱߵĻʦǻˡ
ĵһʱǹСԺ߿δĹص㣬ǵʱʩæŸǸݶķݶ
սͼֽ¥ǽ´š
ɽ֮¶߲ǽƤԭϾɵ¥¥ˡ
ԭ׼Ϳϵģû뵽սһֱôִֵĹһףȻŰֽддģһֱʦǻǽ档
ʦһ˵Ҫ¥ǽϻʱҲȤ
ʦյһһһģ󶨸ѡɣСɣ߸֮ġȥ滹ŴһƬյأֻǳĻɽˮֻպĽɫԻȥ
ΪĻûλЩʦֲţŽԼҵ̬ȣʼ̰ڵĻ
Сֻ¶ʦǻ͸æǰæģС̬ҲˣȻһֲֻˣһֻȴɫʸرãʦǵɫϣæĲֺ
Сǣˣȴߡ
ǴСǱЩʲôֻҪŻڱϻżʦǻǹָָܿ
ǽĻа¡
ʦǻˣǽ˻¥䣬ʳҲ˻
սÿιʱ򣬶һ˺׶԰Ĵ
ҲΪЩԵʣСԺӺܿͳˡ
ֵطҲˣټϿ廪󣬺ܿ죬һȺһȺĴѧĩιۣһʱ䣬⻹ûƵƬøպ򿨵Ƶġ
ս忴ʢֽС˶ʱ򣬽ҪȥĶǴѧպĸȺʹ
ֻҪĹ죬ûƷҲڱĵӡ
վ¥ϳ칫ҵս壬¥ʢ̲סЦЦ
һߣ廪дºǻ廪ѧһˣ֮ǰΪƷɵֿ죬ֱӱֵ˻е̲ȥˣڱܵλʱоԱô࣬Ҳ̲סְԼƷɵĿġ
֣ȴ޵ĲС
廪Ǿϵģһҵͱϵô£
廪ͷ廪ӲǱӣ۾۾ġ
廪óдº֣־ͲЩˣǿʼ£µʵǺܶ࣬صȴ˿ղ档
ȵøж˿ڣȻԿǷһծĸ￪ţǮдоǣʵߣĲŵڿ蹤ӹλ˵ʵڻ֪سǣӣ⻹Ǿأ֪ʡе֪Ǽһж١
廪˵ţ˿ˮ
ǰ˫нҪע⻷ġ
ϱһͻΪȹ̫ȷչãڲʲôֻҪԸͶʣ̵ƣȾصĹˣˮĻǣ彡кܴв
֣ԭһһߵͷġ
û뵽ȴôһλʱ̧ͷô֪ôһ飿ʲôʱģ
廪һ٣
Ǹʦǲ黹ûء
ֶ֣ʱ˸ۡ
Щû˵ҿڵľҲԼ뷨ãҪȥμһȽʽֻᣬһȥ˵вȰҪعͶʣ֮˵ıϣʱԸǺúġ
ͷãллʦ
ᣬ廪ȻŹǿʼϣȡ̵ʱĵ¡
һߣƯķɻϣһȺţǶû˵ǲͷȥ죬жӿ
еˣǰͳ˹ģҲеڴ˶ʼʱ򣬲Ǳ뿪
ʹˣֻҪҳţǾԸһʱ
ΣǾҪؼ
ǰǾҪؼˡŷɻⷭӿƲ㣬Ҫصļ˵
ڵЦЦ̲סĦεķ֣ͨͨģֻƵģҲ֪ǻȥܵĴ
ǰЩ꣬ϴڹڵһӶʧȥѶ
ٻȥҲ֪Եʲô
ЦЦܲģϾλȥΪķչҵѰһҹڵˡ
ˣǸȥһ˵ģҵĸĸ޶ߣĸĸȴڹڡ
ˣָ̲סĽһ
⣬ѹĵ׵Ľš
ҵô
ʮ䣬˻ƽô
˸ĸ˵ЩʲôأһʱӦÿͷİɡϾôãΣҪݼĸ׵ġ
˼Ҽ䣬ɻ˵ء
ں˷ɻͷ죬˿ʱֻоؿ궼·չ˿
ȻĿġ

88 

ΪĻûԵ, ԾƬһֱûơ
ǾûƣϰĻҪϰࡣ
ս廹ԺӣСΪԼĹƣʮֵ, ټĵ, ֵϵʮ֪඼ʱ
Щ֪ǰµʱ, Ϊ뵽, ǽ, ں࣬ľ, Ƿ, ֻҪܸɵĻǶɹ, սһʲô⣬ǾܸҪ, ĳֳ
սҰġ
Ѿɾǵһ쵥λ
պε, ﵱһ򿨵ص㡣
þԺӺܴ, С¥ֻ, 칫¥⣬ߵǶС¥¥ұߵĴ¥ʳ, Ⱥʦʳ滭
ʳô, ͻһ⣬ǾǰԳǡ
컨ϣǰԳǵĸͼ
ͷܿ
ǽģС⼸йδľʻ, Ȼ, ˭ȥ, ֻҪͷһۣͷƤĸо
Ժ
Ԥƿ鱻裬¥ԱߵĿյϣս÷ľϴһȣһֱӵʳǱߵĿյأοյļӣŲÿսȥг˼÷ܵȼԱԭͻ̳ľդΧסľդˢ˰׵ף÷ϻһķɫСмŷʽ԰ķ
һ㣬֪괺жôƯ
ԭҲˮ࣬սֱøɫůʯڵ̳һߵġҹڱԵλãԭɫľ϶˺ü̳̳滹һȦӣ̳Ե򻨡
һ죬ԭЩ¾ɵԺӣһӾͱ൱ˡ
ǿǸģҪУûиƯĵطܼô
ϻʦʵʱսŲñӣһĻش
⻰ʱ˵ϻʦĿȥˡ
Ĩ᣺Զԣ˵ĶԣһабɶҪ
ǰھӰʱǿûôӹ
ϧĻӰӰϻʦжˣЩį˵ҪӣܳڵĻҲܸ׬
˵ˣȥһӣĶƬ͵ˣӳˡ
ͷżҵͲˣҪٱƬȥˣǿûٸȥˡ
ϷģȻǾˣ͵úúøɣһ죬ǵĶƬȫ񿴣Ҫڸ׬㣡սشն
ϻʦֿʼĨ᣺úúá
ϻʦ˷ָжˣȥսһЩϻ߶߶սվԭس˼
ղϻʦĻ
ĸ￪ˣȻĹҵĶܽڵĻǵĶΪʲôܳڵȥأ
ϱӵǴСӣѽ
ӣʲôʱڷʲôĵĶ˵һȴҲиӡġ
ҪǰЩĸĻ¹ڲֻܲҪܳھУҪǣ廪˵ܷһ
ȫھڵĶǵĹ˾ڶ
սԽԽ˰ͼææĻؼңϱӷӣһһд˳ʲôŮϵУ࣬࣬Ǽ࣬Ц࡭
ֻ֮Ҫ뵽ģ
дʱѾдһֽˡ
ս忴ԼдЩ࣬˿˵ܲ£ȥֻǰշ໭ˡ
jump⣺Ŭʤ
ôԺǣ飬Žҳˡ
ս彫ֽС۵ֽ̿׼дţһҶۺ๫˾˾ӪΧ棬ӰӻԼܱ߷С
廪ʱս廹дţƶû
廪򿪵ơ
սͣ±ʣˡ±ʣ̧ôˣȥ
дʲô廪һѵϵɽװףһʵ
ھķչ󻮡
սȥӹףôô
˻ࡣ
ôæսĿ廪
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ս廪¹óһǳɫ³һ˵ţóһӣһʯǰɫбơ
ֻʽôսȥϵĿӡ
廪Ҳӣ¶Ƥ
ʽⲻҵҪĿġ
廪̧֣սָһȦ䵽ĶҪֻ󣬻и뻪ȷŻĻᣬǻعͶʵģҵ˵ǼӴͶʡ
սһ£ҵȻȥװóһ¡
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սͷΪ⿪ڵĿӣУ㻻Ҫ㻻
廪ѵϵĳսǼϵһ°ڣתһȦô
ãڼҵţȥٻ̳Ƥȥ˵ţսͷתðЬ׼ȥ̳
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廪æס㵽ˣ˵ˡ
ô죿սüͷ
ϵɵİɣֻǾ˵㣬û廪ڰ֣ѵϵĳȻһѽڻȥˣ
аɡ
ս°ֻҪԼоС
廪Цˣɿ֣ת׼֮ǰĳ
ˣˮϴ裬ȥ
á廪һڣȻתƵܳ˷䡣
սһ£漴εĸ¥
ܺý糿ͷóһ£ٳ˾У˸Ӻ˿ϳ˸ľ廪ԡʱսѾ˲˽ˡ
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ڴϣ廪ܿ˯ˣսȴǷȥ˯š
ھҲˣͲĵ˾ܹƣĿûأ֮ǰļϵ˵ǽƣҲһֱϱǵҸĿһڶĿòܹļֵС
ս忪ʼĿ
˶࡭У˶õķʱڰʮĩʱҾٰ˻ᣬ˻ᣬνȫĺʱڡ
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࡭ǲУ˶һҲõķʱڣõңʡ
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ս忪ʼȥӰĿּһЩɫģٷɢ˼ά
ͻȻս͵Ҳ˻᲻廪Ūѣ´ʹЬ鷿ܣеһ
ǵúʱ򣬵Ӱ¡Դݿ̬¼ڵгһëǮһƱļ۸ڵг׬һǧƱ
ȶò䰡
ǵϱүү˵ⲿӰ󣬲֪Ϊѧϰȥµġ
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СԲʡ
˹ԲʣǸ¶еʱ򣬾ͱķɼΪͽܣȻСȴǱʦִֶģʦֶǶ׶۰
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ΪаĻﳤԲʷǳãʣ֮⣬ЩƤСϲ硣
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Сʱ˷ˣصĵͷ
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ΪǹŴģĿɲø㰡Ŀǰ˵ͷܿܲ
ɵսóģӿȥȿݣŷֺȫһֻϧսֻд˰ӣеδġ
Ҳתӵݸһˡ
һ괫һԼСʱ˲Ŷһ飬С춼ûŹȿ󣬸ִս
һ￴˺к뷨ս彫ֽƽǰıʼǱϡ
սǸʦժϻʣΪʲôѡģ
սЦЦվ
ҵҪʹҽܵģȻﶼɻǸɴھ˵ˣΪӰҵˣشҶŹҺ͸۳ǱߺһĿ׼һƬ˽ǵľǡ֡
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Ǹôһأܽһ飬ǾǸߡ
ֵӰѾβܿҪӳΪǹ۳ǺĵһӰһܵƹ㣬ôľߵķ򣬶Ǵڿʼ׼ʱֵӰӳǡÿԽֵڶǵ顣
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ҲˣⲿӰ˰Գǵ趨ΪʲôأΪ»ն԰ԳԼСɵļ䣬ֶӰǸպ˳ƳδŮ岿ˮ졷ƪ¡
˵ţսָѹ˵
ҡûȻǸ۳ǱߺʵĵӰպܻܿᵽȥӳʱǽӰֶƬ˵ҲܳŶ磬ҲܳڣֻҪƱۿֻһţҲ㰡
һ
ͷϻʦ۾һӾˣ
Ǿͻֵġһʱ䣬ϻʦǸѡ
ս忴Ƹǵģ˲Цˡ
ôٺϼƺϼľɡսŹƻ󣺡һģֻҪǵӰĺãҾ㱧ŲȿޣҲǵĵӰ޵쵼ǰȥ

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Բ˻𳵺ʦֶʧɢˡ
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ûϵĸСأѹˣתʹˣ׵ɲ׼Ļ˵Ķ֣ʱ򣬻𳵿վдžϻ𳵣һٽǸһ򾡡
ǱȴѹΪ֮ǰԲΪӴһֱˡ
ԲסҽԺп㲵ҲʶǰԼģĴкһȥԲʵԲʱһȺ˺ʦ壬е׵ĽӲˡ
ս廹ʮ˽ĵĽСɵӰ˵Ӱ
СΪѧ̨Բ׻
ϣսֺϻʦ̨ʣϻʦǵ̨ζ̫ˣսûӣֻϻʦдʦһӵ̨ʣսǸкֵܵģϵһĸоЩȡ
ˣ͸ˡ
ĿսͽĿȥˡ
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Ҳɣ˵ĻǸˡ
ǵȥӰƬĹԱ
ţˡս忴ʱЦˡ
λԱСƳսҲЦˣҲˣû뵽ǻټ棬ʲô£
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СƳһģɵüͷ̧ۿս壺Ϣİ
ʲôϢսװɵ
СƳֻЦϸϸĿ˿飬澯ãԼ¶ǹʵûΥĵطҲֱӸ£ǹˡ
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һߣ廪μ꾭ֻᣬɹȺȽͷ
ֻǣڿһ˵ʱ̲ססӡ

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ܿ죬໥ܵĻڣȽܵǻ
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ĲൽһǿҵĿ⣬ʶĿȥͿһѧĿĿԼ
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ͲһˣеĲɵģĿʱʱľͳ廪Ǳһۡ
ߵ쵼ע⵽ˡ
Ϊ廪Ϊ볡ģֵֻ֣ѧݣû廪, 쵼ͣĿ廪Ȼ, ȴƽĽܵλ֣ڵѧ廪
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쵼쵼˵ͷ˵ȥ廪˵˵뷨ɡ
úãԣ˵뷨ģҲǹδĶô˵ġ쵼ԱߵЦŵͷ
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ƬǱȽϣѸٸƬ
ʡʡеȵءɳǷչǱ˿ڣã䣬Ƿǳʵģ˵ǱˣУ˵˽ˮˢ̣⣬ûˡ
Ǳ߾͸ˡ
Ǳǰ껮ʱһĸ
˺⣬麣ɳǣصأǸиãǺ麣ٽ۰ĻˣظǰͶʣǸۿڳУΪó׵Ҫתվ
ɳǺصΪؾӢǿɳǺص˺ĴͳǰŷͶǣڵվȽŸ
Ǽȿִͳ츳ָ⴫ͳңԶ֮⣬ҲǵļңԻΪĿģȺȰӢؼͶʡ
˵ںصС֮һĸ۳̨
˵ʵĻϵȻơ
ԣ廪ص˻
廪ڳ֮ſھ˿ûģôʣһ۵ֱص㣬ԭЩǻֻţѾҪֽʣʼ¼ɫҲ֮ǰӵˡ
Ȼǿֻѧ˵ǸȤĻ⡣
ȻҲ⣬¼ˣһֽ̬¼š
˵ȫȷһĺӣѾܶ϶⺢ӿ϶μҵˣһ߼¼һȦᡣ
һ꣬Ҳ֪пɺã
ӼȻܳΪֵ֣ĵӣǶʮ꣬Ӧƽȹ˰ɡ
ھ÷棬廪˵Ĳˣ廪׳˻⣬ҵͶʿԣȾҵҪȾˮɽҪúñġ
廪˵󣬺ϱʼǱ̧۾Ȼ쵼˵ͷҵ۵ˣллҵ
žžžž
ºǾ룬Ȼ
£λӲŲԴ쵼˵ڵ˿˲ðͿûô뷨
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ǰһԹ֪֪࣬ʶҪŷ·ƵģͣĳʵԼ쵼Ҳ̲ס̾ĵͷ
ΪԭǰЩ廪źٴ쵼Ҳ֪μµģ仰˵ĸϡ
μѣΪСĺӣ廪ûԱڴʱүүչ˵ĺܺò˵ŹκѧϰĻᣬͬţЩѧΪʦһָ߿Ը߷ֿ廪ѧ˵൱ˡ
ؼǣ⺢еù˺ƶʮˣƽسǺǿ˸ùȢ˸ţŵģСӺŵĻ񣬿ɾĴ쵼֤ˣӿɴˡ

ʹˣЩˣȻдϢֻϵ硣
廪ֺֺ֣ѧ߿˸˽СʽֻᣬԼʱһСʱңľѧǻ۵ײ廪ȫԺֻ˵֪ʶĺ
һֱֻ߳ţſվ̨澲ȴš
Ųתͷ
ûˣֱ廪ϡ
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廪򴽣Ӽˡ
ͷԡ˵ţֿ֣֣ʦҺлҪ˵ͲѧУˡ
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ְ֣ڰ֣Ȼϻƣ˵˵ո۵Ļ⡭
һ˵һߣֱӶϾǿԵĿԡ
˶߹ˣֿ˵ȥڵĹ԰߰ɣﲻ˵ĵط
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һֱʮӣſʵʣ㸸׵ô
á
廪סŲãҶ
Ȼ
ȦȻһ죬æͷẬۿĸ׺˵ô
˵Ҹ׸ң֮ǰͳˡ
ͷӣվ廪ӣҾЩꡭǻôүү̣ôˣ廹ô
ԽԽУʶץס廪ĸ첲
廪һ£û
ǰˣúͼеĸúȴȼеĸ˺ܶࡣ
ĸʮֵĸӡ
ļţĸײμҲᱻץסѱºӴʮĿҲûҪܡ
Ҳ֪һв
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˿̵㲣˫Ŀͨ죬ˣֵͷץ첲ָ֣ؽ΢΢ķףȻյĽʵȴûжֱۣһİ̺ۣӦǺصġ
Ǹ廪ͷԼ֣ŷԼʧ̬ˣջ֣ŵĵǸ
֪Լ̫ˡ
Ĩ˰塭Ρһʱ䣬Ȼ֪ôƺ廪
廪̫죬ͬ־̫衣
ҸѾȥܶˡ
û꣬廪Ѿڻش⡣
үү̵廹ãүүѾˣסںҶɽʱĻҾͿȥһˣ̺㣬Ļܸ˵ġ
˿Ѿ廪˵ʲôˡ
廪˵ҸѾȥܶꡯʱ򣬾һƬӹǲѾʹȥˡ
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š
廪ͷȻǰʱô
УСӻǺң廪⣬ʶĻش
Ҫȥүүô

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Gúãá
廪¿ʼɢһһʵ㸸ǡôģǡΪǰЩ顣
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Լ˺˷ֵ廪˸ڿԺƳԼгˣԭվһһʹӽﻬ˳廪Ӱʧ󣬲˳
廪ʵûȥ˾
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ʦȻãǸóйˮīķ񣬻ԲСȻܷС󣬿ҲͷԵģˮīеԲ
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ΪսѾʶըʱڵЩ磬սˮīɫսһС㡷ǲͿɫͷǳɫˮīȾ
ĶӰڲʧͬʱҪжĳγ
ʦǲԸĻģǺս廭˼ֲͬķ񻭣˸ͷСٳսǰʱȻͷͬˡ
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սȻͷͬˣ廪ʱսںڰ÷۱ʻͼǰʦǴŹװ۾һ࣬ͷһȺʱ˵ҲŬԵӸϣԴεӡ
ȿˣлʦٴδյһͼʱǸŹͷѧϰ
һսĻ֣ǽôɴʻӰ
ս忴廪ʱЩ⣬Ƚ˰칫ңһϣ廪Ҳ̲סĽıסս塣
ôˣսְ̧廪ĺ󱳣ǽĻ鲻˳ô
廪սļѣҡҡͷ
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ˡ
廪ģĻϣҿˡ
սһ˵ǸܶдŸ㸸׵
廪ֵͷ
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֪һвĴյĴɵʱҲŷ֣ҶԹġɳƼˣ޷ƽ͵ĺһ
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廪飬ȴ޷ֵʹ࣬һֻ̣ģʲôˣֻܿ廪ԼǸ򿪲С
廪ʧֻ̬˺̵ܶһʱ䡣
ս칫ҵٴ򿪵ʱѾָƽʱ͵ģˡ
սڰ칫棬ëһ߹һʵˣҪʲôʱ򵽰
Ӧÿˣ˵һʱһġ廪ժ۾۾˷Ž۾Ȼ̧üģⲿӰô࣬ȴֻдʱ䣬üô
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ҵĵһʱ䣬սϴϴͷ廪
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廪һս壬ȴûսսľ˸μ棬
GGáе޴롣
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սҲûΪѣֱվѯʵô
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˵ɼ򵥣һƤģų⻪˵ĵؽҪɹô򵥵¡
ǿģ
˵ս巴⼫ˡ
һʼҵĳ磬һЩС˵֮ģ˵Ҳ漰ҵˣ絹ǾӪĲ̫룬ϾƯǱߣýĹܿغϿһǻᡣ
һ˿Ǽķó԰
ûвô
УˣڵҳȥûԹˡ
ĺǶûԹڵвôս̲סĸ̾ǿ̫ϧˡ
ֵȼһĳһڣ˭֪أҲûԹġ
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Цһ
ҺǰޣںǳˣӸڡӦѾļ˰ɡ
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ǰᣬʱˣҺʱĶ˵ǺˣŸѧ˵㣬ֻϧ鲻ˡ
˵Ǹ鲻ͣʵֻΪͬѡ
һֱεľܹٻǰҪģȴǳƯһȥȻ磬Ҳֻзֵ𣬺һæҵҲûҪȢæȥǰ޿ӵʱ򣬲ŷ֣ǰ޺ͺѾʧܾúܾˣʵǰ޵ңҲֻ˵ǰ޸ļ޵ղҲһˡ
սˣֻꡣ
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սתͷ廪ָֻ֮ǰģ̲ס̾˿
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ҪȥҶɽˣҲóˡ
д廪ȽгȻĳҶɽȥ
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廪λûǰ֪ͨԵμҵԺӣͿš
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սֱС԰Ǳߣ֪ÿʱ඼ȥС԰ɢսȥʱ򣬼أһģ˼ҵﱲͶ࣬Ҳ浽һ
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ˣӣһǣһƵĻ˼ҡ
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үүˣһͷ޲ڰ׼ҹҹôô硣
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ĸӶ˾һһÿһĸ飬ս̲סȦɬ
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ҲױǿѾˡ
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Ӣ۵ĺԼԹķȥôһ·
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ķȡĻСҲĹߡ
ȻͲȴĺܺãʦеľ֪󣬶ǻ⣬Ǽĺӣú󣬾αװԼΪնջӣޱų
ķסԼңӶˣʱʱһȰģѧУ˸С
ڸ۸ʱķŭʨһڱֽΪġӡźҲΪˣķܿõ˻̻ۣ̻ᰵ֧άңʽ·ķܿһתݣΪһ͡
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ӣĬĬŲƨɣԱߵĵɳȥ
ս廪ղŵλãó̸ļƣ뷨ģʵ֮ǰѾǵĺȥţǱѾΪ߸涼࣬ѾŵһҶ뷢й˾
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һʵĿǰ;һҪչֻǾ뽨跽棬û˾۳ȥüǰȥ۳ǵľǱߵĶҵҲڵҪЩҷǶء
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Էģһҹ˾ֻҪרҵľ˾УңЩҶԽ
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۳Ǳߡ࡯Ʒ뷢й˾ʱ廪Ѿһʵѵ, ǱߵĹ˾ȫûв, 廪Զ̵绰ָܿ, ࡯Ʒ뷢Ƿֹ˾ͳˡ
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廪죬û˵ʲô
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廪ҡҡͷ˵üˣһֱûͬ⣬ǻݣ˵ã˽²֪˫۾أʱ򲻺ʡ
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Ϊעṫ˾飬ȥһ˸۳ǣڸ۳ǴС£ѡ࡯Ŀȼмҵ˲ţб༭ڵƸʦд´ٵıʦ
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ŵֻῪ˰£ǵʡȥпɻʱ䡣
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ƯܶҵﶼСݶɷݣСɶƽƽ棬ʵϣʽǷǳģЩʵĻȲͬѡࡣ
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ʱƯŮȨʶѿװҵʼӭ죬ƷӦ˶Ƕʼ󣬶ڴ֮ǰƯֻиԣܴͥ˽˶Ƶ·ֻͨԼ򲼷·̻ĵһǡʱڣץס̻쳧ֹƯ㡣
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ټϻͿ̿࣬ɶٶȼ죬۸ֺֺܵãͨƯŮ־µ·
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һоҪľŮѵˡ
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ڻƯһڼ䣬ȥ۳Ǵ˰ң࡯˾ѾˣģصĹŻҲˣȨ齻ս⹫˾ȫȫ廪ˡ
ǱߵĹ˾Ҳʼ׼廪Զ̲ٿأȻ˾Ҳû˵ʲôΪ˾˸ҿλһֻǼҳ̵ģؼ硪С
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󿿣˵̬չ࣬º͵Цƫƫ¶͸һԵá
̫ˣ
ս̲סþϲļһȥסĲӾͺݺݵڡ
廪ֱס
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92 ˵

սôҲ벻, 廪ٶȾȻô졣
Ȼ˾ѾˣҲԷſֽŴظˣ
ǵڶһ, սȥЩϻʦŹ, ƬǰѾ, ֻΪǵ׸廹û꣬Ծͻû⡣
Ȼ, ΪûʽƵԭ
ЩʦĻ˵, ֮, ֮ʱ, ˵ںежҲܸܵҪͼ˳˳뷨
ϾǰôЩ꣬Ӱܵĥ٣ھӰүۣﲻ, Ҫսɨäϵкճ, ƽŹעһ˼ȥǢ̸, ǻھӰԵء
, ˸Ƶ, ¸˹ư
սһǰߣһ߻ߵΣ¸ţܸϵü
, Ǳ֤񡣡Ҳصͷ
Ҫ֪, ιƵ˶ˡ
֮ǰΪ, ȴܹң, ȴƾٹ, ֽƵʱӺˡ
, ֮飬ҲΪǵøϽưȻĻԺȺѧҪˡ
ԺǱߺѧͬ
ѧһڴ°ѧڿʼžҵ
ԺǳУѧѧҪôֻ滭룬ҪôתȥƣҪôֱӽ뱾רҵ޹صĲŹƫƫڴѧֻٰҪǸѧžŵģ˿˱רҵѧɶ
ο˺ޱȵۡ
Ǿʲôȱȱܻˣ
żˣֻ޲̹ƣȥԺȥԺ˿ǾôǿбҪģֻҪʵλͲû
ʵ̫ˡ
ʵĿǰԺűҵʵϰҵ⡣
ԺЩѧУһǱ⣬ѧķۺϴѧҪһЩֲ࣬ټһ滭Ժͳǵĵڶѡ
ѧǾҪѡ
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ǣҲҪԷģ
ҾٺҲһֱǣԲҲûС
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ֻ֪Լ֮ǰȥԺǱߣֱ澩ʦǶǾıӣ̬ܲô
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ǿɵÿְȺɶлģҲȺ¿ԿˣĴ
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Слģ츳ѾʽʱתѧͽƣѾɹתˣҲΪˣͬһ֪ǣģ۾ˣֻ޲Լֻ֣ѸѧửСһѻǨˡ
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һƬʽ²˲ΪǸʣлǽأû뵽Ÿչƣͱصˣ˼˲Ǹ൱ҪĲš
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һġΰһͷ
ҪԼҵĵӰӱ˸ˣǲŽء

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ҵս֣ԲԲҵӴĴˣ۾ҵϵֶ塣

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һ̼ƨһʹӵȥˣܻ˷䣬Ȼһˤص
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廪ӣҾŻһš
ȡһתע֪ΪʲôԷô
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廪廪һվȥͰ̸һ̸
սŷе㻳
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93 ԲԲ

廪պҲԵĲ, һƾұŮ̸ȥˡ
սûȥͣǿԲԲ;ʵսô˵ģҺú˵˵
̺սҽ, ˼Ц, , ҽǷȻҺԲԲְڵһ, 
˵, ͻȻס, ĻһΧ
ȻŴսС˵ս, ЦҽǷЦԲԲûҪĺӣԲԲ⼸ҹϿء
սüһ
˵ԲԲˣ
ս̧Դ
ͷţСıӣƶȹӣر𻵡Խ˵Խ̺һţСѧ̫үүǰһǰϵͬѧ꼶ʦξ೤
⻰˵ģսߺŵ೤Ƶġ

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ôܣ
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廪ŵĹϷţҡҡͷӴˣ֪ҪƯˡ
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廪ǵǵ̲סĸ첲
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ʲôƷϰҪҿĵƷΪƷ
ҲͳΪṤҵƷ
һ㣬廪뵽Ŀװõ֧Ԯ

취뿪ˣһֱﵱԱǾϵҵģȻҪ취뵽ýȥˡ
뵽廪ļ
г̱һ¡
̴򿪱ʼǱг̸廪
廪˴ԼСʱʱ䣺ʱȥһ廪ѧһ¡
õġ
̽г̸
뿪廪ù绰ȥ˸绰

94 Ѧ

ܸմӲ
һžкԱҵˮ
ǡԱʶֱֱ, Ȼˮܵˮȥˡ
ڵĵʡļ紺һ굽ͷȲʮ, 䲻ڰ˶ȣǽʮ, ƽ¶ڶʮ, һ죬ʱ󱳶ʪ͸ˡ
һں׿˿
ܿ죬ִҵĽŲһ, ֱƿ, һ, ϶ˮʪ͸˽Աˮǵ׿
˲Сڵ, ׿ͰѷͿ۸⿪, ǸˣѾװ׸ˡ
ʱ칫һɳѾӵζ
˶ûɶоˡ
˵, ߵҲ̫˰ɣǸź׷û׷ϡ
ڴ, Ŵʿ׷ʲô, Ǹҵ˾Ա
⻰һ칫ʱĬˡ
Դս󣬲ڲСϢ, ͷƺй滮ܶþĴ, Ҫ», ˵ûʲôӰ죬ǻɶı˵Ǵˡ
ѵҲûȷеϢô
ĬߵժñӣĨ˰ѺЩȻܡ
Ƕ֪ܺǲͬġ
ĴԺӵܣ˵ʱڳ˿ͷɺƽܾٶҪ˵ǱߵĶ򣬳ϼ͸¶Ҳܴһˡ
ǲŻ󣬹ܡ
ûС
ҡҡͷ
˭֪䣬绰ˡ
ʱ˵Ŀⶼ绰ȥ
ԱҪȥӵ绰ȴܸסˡ
Ͳ룬ȻȻ绰ʡܡ
硣
绰ͷ廪
廪һ£û뵽ͨ绰ȻǼġ
ʲôô
ûУֻǺܾû绰ˡ廪Խ͸Ͳ˳
ԭ̸ļҲ˵һĴһɮ붨ģȴ䣬ֻƬ
廪ɲ֪Լһͨ绰ȥǱ߶
Ⱥܺ䣬˵ԲԲϣ˯һϡ
ϵĲǻ׶԰
üͷһ塣
ϵĻ׶԰Σǻܶס˼Һӵ죿Ѿȥ˰ˣѧУǸ磬ҲûԲԲΣԲԲĸף޷ġ
ָܴϴ˴꣺֪ˣһȥġ
С
׼ȷ𸴵廪ˬĹ˵绰
ܹ˵绰ͷԼļͬš
ͬǶʱҷɣ쿴ء
̾˿֪Ⱥ˶ΪԼµȺΪԼҲֲɴϣתƻ⡣
ȥһȦλʲô뷨
룬óһ˷һһ˵˵ɡ
߾ǱߣҪǿصģ뾳ĶһҪϸ飬ǱҪӣΪӹƵ׶˾͵ģսҲˣǺηͺӶƳս
ǱȽϰֵġ
зһҪӣǰЩӣǽӵ߱˵ǵѾһɳĸˣΣزԽߣȺǵϰա
˲䣬һһģոǹζʱûˡ
ܳ˿̣ء
廪ȥһѧУڶս⻻һ·ߣ˸ױȻŴźСĳ
¥ͿսĸʦͷԵսվڽҵſڡ
Ԫļҳɡ
ԶԶģʦս壬̳սӭ
ãǡ
ս裬ǶԲˣСӿģǰθ˵£һȥѾݺݵһˡʦ˵ţĳһսڼô˵ģ
սһ£ûˤսַһѡ
ôɶѽûӶˤô
սüͷЩĶʦ˵
⡭ⲻżʦһսˣʱͷƤһ㺹
μʱ򣬶ӵİͻȻȥ꼶İ칫Ұ˳ȥ廪һ֪ƽʱڼ˵ĻƺӼȥˣһͼˣ֪ǻСѧѧУģû򵥵ġ
Сѧʦ󣬲ԾɩõƣˣǰСѧܴҵĿȴֻƵʦˡ
ԲԲҲѧУͬ˵䣬Ϊ̫үүݺܸߣȥŽ¶ŸԼ˵ˣͱսСᵽԲԲĸǰ
֪żʲôã֮ǰ˵ͦ˵ô
սɲʦӡ
üͷһۡ
ʦЦһҲ֪Լæսĺ󱳣ԪͬѧǸ
սͣͰ͵ԴԪԲҲ˵㻵ҵĴԭ¡
⻰һ֪Ǽ˽̵ġ
ڵǸʵȴ˺ԲԲһΡ
սԵĸоԲԲ߬ԼСࡣ
̾Ϣ
ˣսͬѧȻ֪ˣԺɲ˵ˡս̧ԲԲԴǼԲԲİְڱ߽ΰӢۡ
սӣæͷ
ԲԲͷս壺
ԲԲԣúϿΣȷѧˣ㡣սԲԲһӣߣ˰ͷվĺ󱳣ȥɡ
ԲԲСܽ˽ҡ
ССӰʧһ˲䣬սϵЦݡһûˣĻعͷʦǵԱ˵ɡ
ʦĸζһֻ˶ˡ
ԲԲǰʱ򣬾ͿԶ¥ڣʦͷĸһŮ˵ǸĽ˽ңææĽ˳ݺվ˽ſڳ¥ݿš
һֱν¿壬ʦŲźһѵĻͷˡ
Gô˵ģ̰ԵĴչȥ
ʦҡҡͷԺԪϵİɣҳ̫Ѳˡ
ոǼҳҲû󳳴֣ôǾǿվǰͷУһģ˵·ʮһ
ԺҲעɣЩզúأ
ʦЦһ
˵վ˵ۡ
μʦֹסûǣʦԼǸųʾս೤ʱʢǻá
һ죬ԲԲ˵黹ãսԶˣҲΧͬѧսŽͱɣϷѧʱСѾ˹ʡ
ھӰæһսԼվѧУſڡ
ԲԲǳˣ֣ԲԲ

ԲԲսʱ۾̲סһȻʹŵܵܣҲͷһرӣսֻСƵģ˷ܵܣһһߺ衪
սСųȥһѽС˻
ǼƣñطƵġ
裬ôսĸ첲
ԲԲԱ߿ֱĽɻǿһԼλó
ս忴ˣһԲԲҲҴӦԲԲˣ˵ѧǡ
˫̥СԲԲһ𳤴ĿУԲԲǵ׸磬Ȼ׸ԴˣɵһһұסԲԲԲԲ컹Ǻô
ԲԲס˲ˣҪϰء
趼˵ԲԲԽˣ硭
óСɱʱԲԲ޴
ԲԲû취ˣȵս壬սֵĿ棬ԲԲſ˵ˣƶˣƼǱ߶ӣȥǶȥ
໡ȥƼ̼ҳԷȥ
һμеǾ
СĳžȥЩﰵע˻ȥ
սԼ֣ʦɫѿ
һߣ廪ܴ绰󣬾ͽҪϲѶ࣬ȻǸ˵ģܻ࣬ûѾʼϽðæˣ͵ܻס
˿
ЩҲס
ֻϧŮ˵Ŀ̫ԣֻһۣͿ֮ӦͷӣֻĹϵⶨӡ
˵˺š
Ů˻ܹڣﻰƯǸʲôģ˵ҪѧӢԺƯ޷һ⻰ĶˣͣЩҪˡ
ֱλֶһͬᡣ
ˣ֮ǰ˵Ƿһǵô
ϣԿ廪سμСԺ
鱻ǲƯȥˣڹֻȥ³ĹȥˣϰĿæˣֻԼˡ
廪ĻЦһĲǵˣҪǿ˵뵽
廪һ£üʶ
´ߵĻ˻ȥ
˵ھ뵽ĽȻ˵Ҫ齻û˵ֻ֤Υ˼
ȷʵû취ˣµʱ򣬼ģҲ֪Щױ˭ˡ廪ɫָĮ
ˣҲˡ
֮ԶĽɡ
˼ңѾ˯ˣսк˰֣㿪ųˡ
ˣ廪šëӡ
ˡսͷ˱ˮݸôһģ
˵ȥ˸͵ˣ˳үү£ǡ廪ˣˣȥѧУô
ܵʦӦǲٺˡ
廪ƲƲ죺Ҷ˵ˣȥһ˾ˣǵԼһˡ
ǿ϶ģȥԲԲء
սƳһۣ󲻹磬ҹУʦԲԲ֪ԲԲôᰲأָĵ廪ǰĿӣⰡͲ֪˰ɡ
廪һ߬ס֣
ս巭˸ۣëһӣˣϴϴ˯ɡ
廪ÿɷȥӷ䣬ȷǶ˯ˣŸ¥ϴ˽ţڴϷ鿴սոϴ˽Ż˺һŶ͸ˡ
ָԼˮʼݽš
˯ٿҽ顣
廪һҳ顣
սüҿ㷭ȥģüˡ
һ飬ҪǻʲôҾģ齻үү
ҲǵģôҪĶҲûݡս忴һҽѧݣֻԹ˵ģһ۶ͷۻǰﲻæˡ
ţˮˣȻ·˴ɲǼ䣬ıս̲סĴ˸
ʮ·أôôˡսݴŶ£ֱ廪·Ҳԥ廪ȷ꣬һ˲һֻһ廪Ȳˡ
Щ
廪ҲǸηģûƿս壬ճһֻ§˵㣺ˮƿ
Ҫе̺ͺˡ
ʲô̺廪ʵ
һӣϵͻů͡ս忪ʼϱСʱ˯̺ľˣһ
˵ţͻȻ뵽ڲŰҲ֪е̺û
ʱеţ̸Լ貹ǰڴѧͬѧ˵ģҲ֪ǲģզ
廪սϹ룬սôһ˵濪ʼǵӵˡ
ڶȥ
һԴ㻹˵ӣӢ۹Ǳ߷ģüʮˡ
ǻ˵ɶأ
ɣǵĶ̫Ѱˣûڼ̿廪һֿĿ
һ廪ֺԼӶЩ顣

ӵļҲ㲻ʲôĻ˵һԶˡ
ֱֻĺֶһ۾˵ɶأֻǵ̺ѡ
аȡ
ϵĺھϵȥȥ
õ𸴵廪鼫õȥһ£֪ͨᡣ
廪ΪһԱֱӱ˼Աм䣬̯ӣֳӣñ棬оǵڶƷҵչ
СοأԱߵϼԱһ̽ͷƳһۡ
š廪ͷ̧ͷϼԱ׼ڣͿˡ
˶˰ɡ
һţˡ
ˡ׵ĸͷ̽ı˵ǰ
أҪǺʹжһһľñ棬ݱ棬йϵعҵչнǧ֡Ǹմˣһһһ˵һָָ豭
Ͻĸˮ
Ҳû˵ϻֺ˿ˮͿʼж棬Ϊ϶࣬һֱӿСʱ꣬ɢ˻ᣬ廪űʼǱ߳ҡ
ݵʱ򣬻ȥһæĻһݣعҵ˼ˡϼԱŲ豭һ̾һҡͷ˵
廪û˵ֱӻ˰칫ҡ
ڰ칫˰Сʱң·¶˾ģ칫ȥ
һڣս֪廪ְˡ
ƻȥˡ
ôͻȻְˣ
սСϣϴˮˮ۲ˡ
㲻ͻȻһʼȥĵطǼƻ顣廪ɵͷҽ飬ԴӵְĩѵõϢա
ֻһķǷϣûгȥ棬ûȥ
һַҽѧʼǣһַҽ顣
ͻȻһͬĵط
ֻʼĳһλУҩдķʽһĸıʼһ£Ʋעһ乳
ϸĶһĵãһҽһʮҳһʮҳĶʼǣٿҩֻһʮҳһμ̵
䣬ĸøֱʷĵ˼㡣
ĸƴһƴ
ƴ˺üΣƴһƵĵ֡
xue qingѦࣩ

95 

Ѧࣿ
廪üͷ, Ѹٽָ
ȻʼǣҪѰֵĸҲΪҵһԵ, 廪Աȸոռֻ࣬Խ꣬ԽҲ, ȥ, ɾҵȴ﷢ŵ, ĿⶼŻ
żż
廪ĵ֪Լ
ǿԼ˫侲һ, ˺һ, ų̾һ۾, ʼǣʼ
սæ˦˦֣߹ӿһ, ֱЩʸˡ
дʲô
۾һƳ, ֿ廪Ķ
xue qing
սø, ɻʵѦ໹Ѧ٣Ѫ壬ҽѧʣɵĿҽﻹƴĸģ
廪һͷȻת, Ŀȴڱʼء
ս⸱Ĳɵ, վֱӣˣȥ, ɡ
廪æͷ, šһ, ǻش
ս¥ȥȴӴóʵǧţú˿ȻͳһСһ˴Լһӣһ˿ͺˣʢˮ۲ˡ
ܿ죬ˮ۲˵ܰðͷ
սζ̲סĹ˹˭뵽˾ȻأҪǱǰİ軹иɩ֪ĻӦûܾȰɡ
˿ţ̵á
Ͻģ˸ʢָϽĳ˸ľ˴˸
극ˣȥ廪
ԷˡսݣͿҽ飬ɵü鶼ϣĶԷ˵ţȥҽ顣
廪æ𶯡
ȥԣЩհںõģǧŪˡ廪һ˵ţոսҪõǱ顣
սʱ˸ۣҶû
廪°ˣ·ˣȻս֣û˵ˣȥԷҸոշ˵㶫극ץʱ
Ѿˣ
սһ߱ߣһ߲ʵ
Ƿֻ֣˵廪ҡҡͷ§˳Ų˰ʰһ£ֳһŵӲ˲ڵİսʢ˲ˣѿս˵
аʱҿҪЩ˵ԺӰҪá
ս߬Ŀӣͷ뿪ʼԷ
廪ʼԷæڵĸҨһľ˼Ⱥȼůůθ
ս˳ӵľ֣˰ֹԹԵĳԷ廪̲סЦʣµİˣҲ뿪ʼԷ
ҪҪס
ף
սֶһ£üͷʱҲ֪ԲԲ֪˻ķӦļˣ⺢ӹǴСɩӼʱ۸ˣһЩУ֪ҪȢޣϲ˵ͷܡ
廪ԷٶҲˮ۲ˣ绹ᣬʮھ͵ţԼԸ⣬Ҳܵġ
뵽ȢľԼңٻ֪֪ףǲܣҲû֪ô
⵹ġ
սҲ̲ס̾˿
漴Щ꣺ܵҲ̫ˡ
û취ɼҵ˼ͥܰĵĸ㹤廪ʧЦıԹЩΡ
Ժӣ϶Ҫһӣ϶ᱻȥߵģʱԲԲ
˷ǲľ顣
ԲԲߴˣսȻΪԲԲĶֻ࣬Ҫһ뵽Ǹڵĺӣδܷ޵Ĺذгս͸оޱȵľģԽԽš
ǸõĻãǸõģӣպԲԲ
黹ûֻҪһ룬ս̲סԲԲġ
Ҳû취£ʵڲеĻպԲԲ͸ǰɣҲǶຢһڷ¡廪ɲҸս屣֤ʲô˼ҷ޵£˵Ϊ
ǶԲԲҲ۰ġ
⻰һսѾ޲ó嵽һԲԲˡ
С廪Ҫæϴ룬ȴսסˣӺݺݵһڣͿ첽ݣʼæµ
ϴ룬ս˿ˮˮƿˡ
ҪҰæôһжæˣսȥҪæ
ãϴϴ˯ɡ
廪֪սһҽͷͷҲû̧İڰ֣õˡ
սҲǿֻˮƿ̫
š
廪ӦһҲ֪ûȥ
ս¥ȥ鷿һдһ쳧ĹƻԼ֪ʱѵƻһææ˴ԼһСʱæˣҹѾˡ
ȥЩģս¥ȥ
Ϳ廪ɲͣķҽѧʼǣɫʮֵרעս¥˶֪
վ¥ݿڿһս죬ŵȥȻϢ¥
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ս˻Ρ
ĨĨͷԴǺ
һɾ̣ս崩ЬͶ˵¥
廪ɻæµţϴƣɫ¥ĽŲ̫ˣĻͷ¥ݿڣȻͿɫҰ׵ķɱԼ˹
ֽ˸ŷ϶ʪ͸ˡ
æıסʵôˣôôູ
廪Ļսƣҡҡͷ
˸Σˡ
廪һ£漴ø
ʲôʱ갡ô㶼û˵սЩίˣԴӽ󣬳廪оǶʱ䣬ûһ˯ҹһȷȷʵʵܵ廪жҪ
廪̾˿˯
ҳƴҲˣú˯һҡ
ţɿ֣Ȱʰһ£ȥ˯
սͷԱߵϣĵš
廪ֽİȻŰԺս¥ȥ˯һ߻һ˵Ҳ֪·ϻǺҲð
¥ϣ廪Լȥϴϴ˻ط䣬սѾ˯ˡ
ֻҲ֪ǲ廪ѻԵʡ
ڶսĲˡ
ʶԼˣæƬҩȥȻͱŲӿɾĺȿˮװһȥˣû뵽°ؼң
廪Ҳ˲ÿҽˣæҽһսȥ˺Ҷɽ
˸Ȼҽ浽
սܿʹ˵룬ӱ⣬±ȾˣﶬڣСӴĺܣãսҲǿġ
廪ҽ飬඼ûһ䣬ֱӴͽ鷿
廪Լһݸֻƴû֣ңҲ֪Ƿȷģˣһû
űֽɫѿ
ãͻȻͷЩ
廪죬ɫҲء
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ǡ
үүǣܹ㣬ǼεˣöҪ˵
廪˿õҽʱ˵ֻԣ̣öҪߣǱҲء
֣ͳӲ˲ᣬͣĵͷ֪ҲϸˣҲͶ԰Ƕ¹㲻㽻
ȦӺˣȺ
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Ⱥֱǡ
Ͻ뵽Щս׷ɵ£ԼЩȥսǣͺ޲Զ֣Ⱥ˸ץס
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죬ͳ̵ȼ
Һú룬ȳȥϱȥúõģôյô
廪ϸֳ
ͷ뿪鷿
ȹ˴ԼһСʱŴ鷿һʹµкС
;ʱţ̫үү財˯С
εĿһƮһ£ԲԲأ
۵ֻаվš
;ʱ쿴أԴ
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̫̺Ͷأ
СĿʵ
ԲԲһ£漴ͺһ͵վԴӣһҡ
ԲԲ
üͷһ
̫үүԲԲֻ̫ˡ
԰԰ԲԲǰǿġ
ΪˣæһһĿڽ͵ԭԲԲ͵͵ܽȥġ
̫أüͷʱĸˡ
ɪһ£ǴͷСĻش𣺡̫ȥүүˣүүҵĽСûˣ˵ҪýСøԲԲ衣

ʶĿԲԲȻͿԲԲ԰׵ӡ
㣬࣬Щʲôѽ
һ˿ŭģӲˣְֻ̫̻ˣһ˵̫үү³ȥˣϲԷˡ
˵꣬ҲȼӷӦֱӴ󲽿ĳԺкС
ʱһѶ˳뿪˸
սӻ˯״̬ͿͷͷſĴأѾ˯ˣϵĵƿҲѾˣ༸ӵԴƿĵ´
ȴ룬ԲԲȻܿ˹
˯ѵĺӣı
ôϴ˯սæÿλá

ԲԲ˵ţ˸ǷʶֶսҪ
սֽĺף˳ƽѹԼԲԲ̰ů
һսıȰѵܵñϴ
ԲԲɵ
ս˫̥һߣЬ˯㣬˿֪ԼѾ˸طֻСƵĹ˹Դͷͷֵ˯ˡ
𴲺սֻ˶̹ˣͷҲˣЩ񶼺ࡣ
ǣԲԲֳ˷䣬ȥϴ֣ȻڼһȦŷּһ˶ûС
̫̻أ
³ȥˣ̡̫ԲԲ˵ͷ̫ȥ˽үүҡ
ΪʲôȥүүңԲԲû˵ֻۿɼĵȥ
սСԴ
СŮǰЩ˻飬ڸţΪʲôȥңԶ׼ĺܣֻǡҲδ̫żЩļ飬ںԲԲ
廪Ϳս§ԲԲ΢΢㶵ſڡ
߹ȥ棬ðˣ
ս͵ػ񣺡Щɳơ
š
廪ֽԲԲڻһǣסս֣ݣոȥǱȥһˣͼƻķһ
˵ôսɻĿѾô
ǴҲԼӪƷư
廪ʧЦ̺Ѿѡַˡ
ҪȥӪӣսüɲǿ̳̳ӰֱӵҶˣɲһ
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廪ҡҡͷһڼƻ顣
ԽǮûô󣬼ƻǸĸûôĴ󣬴ӼƻȥӪ
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廪˵赭дսȴǴɡ
զôأ
ͦõģȵ̺ˣҵһٸ̺Ǳ߶һսҲ𴩣ֻЦŵͷ
϶ˡ
廪ʱЦˣʹ˵ǿ֡
иͶǱߣˣʯǶҲüһȥӻСأעǧðˣζɲܡսԽԽ࣬һ£ȻҪ߰ء
廪ЩЦ⳧ӻûأѾһˡ
Цɶѽսһơ
廪̱졣
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ȥˣΪ˽ҵСŮүү˵ºСȥˣ˯ˣԲԲҡսԲԲСǵԲԲӣתȥſ廪ļϡ
˵ǵ䡣
廪üô£
ûɶ¶Ȼ˵ս岻ԲԲܣæվȥʲôˣȰˡ˵Ϳ첽뿪˿ȥ˳
ټĿֻʣ廪ԲԲˡ
廪ԲԲð죬ԲԲͻȻֱ壬壬ҲҪ衣
һƲˣ衣
ޡ
廪ͳԲԲ᣺и費ô
ãԺĶ󣬾Ҳû·ŲҲֻ·ֶˣܽжˣֻܽжˣǰ죬ֻÿˮ֣Ƥûˣ̫ˣҲҪ衣
廪ԣҲ˵ʲôȰοĻ
ֻǽԲԲ
ԲԲů̲ס޵ĸҪǰְ裬ԺҲãͲһ˵İְˡ
㲻ϲСô
ֻϲ
ԲԲ۾۾ȴܼᶨĿ廪ҵá
ǣ廪ָʵҲҪ裬ô
仰ʵἫˡ
廪̲סĳ̾һĿȴſڲ֪վ˶õϡ
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廪ߵߣס֡
ʶķջȥʣ廪ѽǲˣ
廪û˵, ֻǵͷ, Ħֱ
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ǰǶˣΪǻǺӡ
˱۾Ժǵ, Ҷ, ҲҲ, ûע⵽ԲԲ˵ţһ, ǻŨأֻǣ廪ѽ, ΪԲԲҲôż
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廪ԣ̲ס˿»ǵÿôģôż粻ҲûãԲԲĻҺ۵ġ
ɡ
ҡҡͷ⺢ӻǵøԼְֲУ廪ѽ̲Ƿޣֻǵײ׵裬ǷƽɺԼи˳ӣÿΰҪɶԲԲϲҲʶˣҿ۰
廪һ¡
һûע⣬Ͼ̫æˣпע⵽Щ
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һ廪ϡ
ޣҪԲԲٱ۸ˣھǣڵʡⳤĪģԲԲô찡
˵˵ȥΪ˺ӡ
ίˣֲʹࡣ
廪̵ĺ󱳣̲ס̾ˣ¶˵׻ǵÿģͻˣЩҲܣԲԲ˼ϸ壬ˣûɣˡ
ң¶ǿԵֵģ뽭ҵԵ֣ȥߣȻܳɡ
廪ϵˮ뿴ҺԵô
̾˿ͷֻţܺͽҵĹ￴ۣҲЩ
ˣ콭ҺȥʵҲΪ¶ҪС磬СɺɺǲĲˡĬһͻȻ첻Լȥģǽ˺Լȥģæ˵
˵Ϊ飿Ѳ֮ǰûҽ廪һ¡
ǿˣⲻǲҽҸ׵ٿ
ֹţҽ˵ӹΣҵ˲ţúúõˣôأǵٿ
ǰǻʿ⻹Щ˽ģǽ˲
廪һ˲²⡣
Ȼ뿴ٸһҲǲԡ
ֱȥܹҸžˡ
㣬ⲻ±˵ҵ˼С͵͵
˵ߣǰͷҲǸõģûأȢһ˵͹ˣѾͷһߣ˾ȥˣǰϰ׼ҵСû޹ȥȻΪ˶ء
廪ЩεĿ࣬ྫˣҲ˿
Ͼʹˣ˴󱯴ϲ
෿䣬廪ȥսԲԲСϣԱߵ¯ϻࡣ
廪߹ȥԲԲͷ
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С廪תȥ˱ˮ¶ãתݸս壺ಹˮ֡
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СʧޱȵʱڵӰԺԱ߿ľүͻȻ緹ʱˣԭãӰԺŲ㣬˳ָŵӰƱ緹Ǯ
үһֱδ飬ϵľСŮ˵ӰƱȻһʱ뵽СƱСƱľү֣°͸߸ߵ൱NɪڼøĿУ;үһȥӰȥˡ
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Ȱٴκ͸۰μʱҪáСʦ塷۳ǹӳҪ
۰ξöƬܿƱ᲻̫ã£ڵطóһµƱ󣬿޼Ľø۰޻˵
ǡͬ۵򿴼
ѯʱǡôΪսͬѧ˵˾仰ܿ죬ڸ۹ӳĺԼǩˡ
һΪ࡯¹˾߼۸б꣬ΪⲿӰĶҺⷢзҲΪң˳
Ես彫ǰļֶθ֪ܿ죬۳ǵĴСƺվ̨ȫһǿƵ£Ȼ֮ⲿϼһදƬҲűˡ
и۳ǹŻддÿڵֵܰȥҲһ澰ˡ
УȵҪѾΪâĽ
רǵӣ˰ݣһܰСӣˣһдһǿ꣬ܶš
ΪºӴһжᱻڼ͹ȥѿѾû˸顣
ɵӰϳֵǸֺ󣬻̲סĺۿ
ôˣס
âҡҡͷˮ֪ս˭ô
˭Щ⣬⻹ӵһȥ
ˡ
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ϲⲿӰôǿĻ棬СԲվڻ𳵳𵴣ɻҶһ˫ƽʱɽƬ֣˿һƬҶӣĵսһ
Щ޷ϸĻ棬˿̳׵ǰֻ
۾ʵһҲǺܺõġ
˵Ǳոô
ѾϾȥչӵˡ
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˵Ķԡ
۳Ǳˣܱ߹ҲȻȻע⵽ⲿƬ
ԼƯˣ»ƤͷⷽҲȻƣ´󱬣ֱӰѰȨȥǵӣҲ˰Ȩ
ʱӣȥ÷֮ǰڣҼһеӣڵĶǵӲţûкܺõĶӰǡСʦ塷ⲿڵӰԺ¼
ΪȻĶԿڣӣǶⲿӰǴȥġ
ʡ
ʾ㡣
˭᲻ϲģˬʮĵӰأ
Ȼһжǽ»ᷢ£ڵս廹֪Сʦ塷Ȼߵڱ׬ĳ̶ȡ
ڵոմǷæĹ״̬гԼһݵļ٣ڼźǡ
սС
ݼ٣͸˯Ը緹ȻźǶ飬ٳȥһȦȻٻ̱Ųݼٵ塣
ʵǣ
ڷżٵĵһ죬컹ûأͱ廪ˡ
𳵿쵽վˡ
廪Ժս壬ްϡ
սҲأ־֣ͷͷһ߻̲סıԹôʱĻ𳵣ǣ̫ˡ
ȥɣԼԲԲȥ
廪ĲУЩ᲻ˡ
һȥɣԲԲͺסսڰ֣ԼԼϿӣƿ˴ȥԡϴȥˡ
ϴٳѾָ˾ˡ
ϴ廪Ѿǰһӻһ˯ԲԲ·ö˱˻
ٳǰսΧ廪Χϡ
ĳǰһѾͣԺ廪ԲԲݸս壬ԼԺţȻŷս˳һ·ϲͣŹ廪ľ÷սĵӰ֪䵽˻վ
ٶٿ죬ǳٵˡ
³ʱԲԲˣֻЩǣ°͸廪ϣֹ֡
ȵ˻վſڣͿܴž£վľԱŲӺȿˮ
硪
廪˷ܵĶ֡
ԭ廪ʱҲԾ¶΢Ц
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ǡԲԲ
磬ԼĶҲʶˣ廪ЩЦ
һԼӣʱЩ޴֣ҪȥԲԲȴ룬ԲԲͷһۣתͷȥޱıס廪ĲӣȻܡ
ֽܵڰգЩǱ
ϳɣվˣԲԲ˯ѣŻûѹء
廪ԲԲͣȻתԲԲս廳Լͣķȥ
սܴкȻͱԲԲʼȵ˳ϵʱ򣬿˻ܵľԱ廪˸ʻս屧ԲԲں
ԲԲܱ
սһֱ嵽˺ҶɽԲԲͶ׵Ļ
ѾһͷűԼ׶ӣ̲ס˿
ֵĲߵĽ
廪еֻҪôȥԲԲҶˡ
ܣ
˵˵ģզôأ
УðѶӴȥĻúõĴˣûĵ

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Ҫ˵ܻؼ, ˵ĲԲԲࡣ
컹ûˣһ̴, һս˸֯ë¹ҵ, һָʹСȥȥ
ĸ￪, ོũͬ־ʵĲڶǱߵĸʳƷְ̯, ȥĻ˵ʵļѼ
СѮҪ²ˣȥĵطڵĵʡ, ԼļСܣ񵱳Сϴһ, Ϥμҵÿһˣÿһ¡
С˵ҪҪֻ죿
վڽֵ, ѩ׵Ĵ߲ˣôЩûҲ֪˻ˣֻȥҲá
СͷǰҲ˵أҪ˵, ǹǱߵ϶óԡ
ôҲ¡
û, ǰս˵
üЦһֻȥ˵, ͳȥ
챻ϵŽźͳ, Ȼÿ, , ˶, ˼Ҫ, ̸ԱҵĽ˳, ƺˣʮĶ죬ëġ
ึǮСֽӹ졣
Ǯ˷Žڴһֻﻹֻµء
˶࣬ϵЦֹס
˳˶վ̨ߣȴ룬վһڸǰͣ
ԭ廪ǿûȥӵġ
һսûڼ˫̥
̡
廪򿪴֡
ֱƿ˳̡
GGˡ
ܵĸ첲´һܣͣˣϹ˲ͣ
̸ǳһȥɣȹˡ
Ϊ廪ˣԽǺСһģһ£ʶĻͷСһۣǿˣôණ
ܣСʻ
ɡ
廪⻰ȻپܾĴһ˫ۣ˺廪м䣬һ·ϣ۾û뿪ܡ
ڻȥ·ϣȻȻĵսĵӰ
ǲӰˣɮЩ˼ǲﻹһЩܲһƵء˵¡Ҳüɫģ۽ǲЦȻҲϲⲿӰ
Сʦأְϲô
ԲԲֳȣԴܡ
һ£еΣ⡭ְеæΪǶƬְ־û꣬ԡöƬСӿģûʲôȤ˵ӰԼҵóƷģ˼ۡ
ԲԲһ⻰϶ʱֳʧɫ
ԭְֲϲкСʦѽ
ܣ
ĺӣȻΪ仰ͷð˺
廪Ա߿ˣʱֻá
Լ˵ĵӰ֧֡
ܱܸܵһ£ɰͰ͵ʵ⣬ǵӰԺƱôҲ֪Сʦ塷϶ˣǶԼ˵äĿš
Ӵι֪ƱĺܡʱЦǺǵ˵
ϱҵɹҲŸء
Ĩ˰ֺ̧һԲԲԴְ֮ûԲԲһ𿴣ԣȰְƱԲԲְһȥСʦ塷ô
ԲԲԽ۾ԽӺ˵ģɬĵͷ
סְֵӣá
˲ࡣ
ԲԲͻȻ·ʲôƵģͷҪȥ
ģչŵܵòŶԡ
Уܵһȥ
໣ҪӰȥԲԲ˷ܵļһҪڳ
ܿõĶӣͣǵǰֵСԲԲӽ廪ϵӣַĵĻںֱۣڣɼ¡
ҵʱսɱ㡣
ŲףʯԱ߹ۣ˫̥ǰֵַǶдҵ
һЦҲǰôԡ
ս̧ͷƤУ϶쿪ѧˣҵûд꣬˵òᡣ
ãõĺܡ
Ļشʱ˫̥ίˡ
ԲԲһ˫̥ҵҲʵʵϰдĺҵˣս⡣
ϢվڼӵԱߣһһһģвǲ𺳵ġ
ĵطˡ
ҹڻϣ˯ʱҲôǲǳˣǲǳˣ֪Լ裬ȥˣСѧ˰ɣҲ֪ɼôҲ֪᲻ŴԼıӣ
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ɴ˿̣ŶڵϱĽ££־ź
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ԣѯǷԸ׵ʱһûϴʾܾԥˣɿڡ
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༤վһϲĿܡ
εһͷԲԲȥչˡǽϣԺǰս§ӸǽµĻ棬ʱ룬ûȥĻǼӦҲܰɡ
û
ҾҪȥӲ죬еʱн񣬼ﻹҪһչԲԲġ
ܴ˿̿ǽ飬ȫվϣܹչԲԲĽǶϿǵġ
Ȼ뷨ʵδǲƽġ
һ㲻֪Ҳ֪
üеļʧ˼أܣ̣ԲԲ㻹Ҫôʵʵ˵
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ĬһŻڣʮ֣ء
̣ҾΪҪӣŲȢģֻǡԲԲȥںìܡ
Ȣ˼ҾҪΡ
ʣȼ棬ҲҪ˼Ůͬ־˵ġ
ܲȥ΢΢죬ƺеݣ˵ĻҪ˵˾Ա֮ǰܸŮͬ־ʶʱ飬ȥҽԺ˽
˼һƻŮž͵裬Լĺӡ
¸˭϶Ը⣬˵˾Աˡ

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סӵ֣úϢû
ʱ˵ˣҽԺ˾˳ˡӣֻε˼㡣
ʮˣȻô߳ܵ顣
˵¶൹֪ģʱҲżĺ޲÷ɵʡȥչȥ˭뵽żʱӻпոԼԼ˸
ȻʱһûȢԡ룬ƺԺĲƽҪ˰ɣ˼ҹˡ
˵⻰ĺܡ
ܽ飬൹û
ѾԲԲģܲˣҲܡ
Ѿ飬˵ϣɺ˵һ飬̾˿ҲǸˣżҲûӣˣżҵ裬Ҳںͷ˵ģȥһۣҪܳɣʱ˼ҵʡȥԶ뾩ǣҲ̹Щ
ˣ϶ԲԲá
Ժ󣬵Ǿɡ
ſҪţ͸˸ġ
УͽǱһ£տһ۰ɡ
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һֱҹڵʱ廪ϲµĵ˵˵˵˵
ս壺
һۣȻ¶͵͵ĸ廪
廪۾һɣˣ
սסɴԱĵͷ
ΪʲôҪʱ۴Ⱑ
廪Ĭһ˲ȻҲȥסս壺ȷʵñдʩҲȥ˰ɡ
սʮ磬سǺ󣬾ԺϲԼӹǵû٣ٺ˫̥ʱ˵ˣӻˣ⼸ȻûбУȴҲûٻϹ
ʱ䣬Ѿ˰ʮѾ˼ƻķ͸¶˼Ѿʼƴӣָǰһ̥
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ԺٿҪҪһ˰ˡ
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Ī˵ˣԺ֪Խ˱ȽСЩˣȴŮȥıлҲԸԼ
Ը⣬Լһҽ廪ͷôȥ׷Ĵ
ǵ˺һ廪űսͣˣӽ˹Ľģȥ裬˵ˡ
ս壺
Ÿɷ
оôôأ
ˣ¸Ҹɰֹʮ꣬ǵһءս嶯˶ӣʼҳ

廪ӦһʮҪʮ˸˰ɡ
ţǰȥƼǱ߶ȥ
ս˵ʱѾЩԺˣżְͣ˶յĶ࣬Ǯʮ꣬Ǯľ˹ڼҴӣ˺ַƸȥļԱմȻֻȺС꣬Ϊ᲻ùʣûݣѾҪ˶ãҪϹ䣬ֱȰˡ
һҹ޻ߵ
һսʱͽˣææͷ˸βȦԼĺʮеĴ󳦷Ȧ·洩һŮʿСװֱװ㣬¸ɫСƤЬͷһش£һ˵ˣŵδҲʱҪ˵ﲻ⣬ѡɫûôɣһǺɫġ
ԼֻͼҲ۶ģƫƫϺ󣬸оյġ
ȥˣ緹ѹˢȥҶɽ
ս屳ԼСƤƳгףΧΧͳš
廪Ƶĺ࣬ˢ˹Ȼ˹ҶɽǱȥˣ˺ҶɽСܵľԱȥӰԺӰƱȥˣŷֵӰϵеǽ¡
ʵûʲô츳ƽֱģۼżĿƮҡȻ˼Ѿҳˡ
ӽȳ廪ܽ˷䡣
G磬˵˵󡭡Ӱô廪Сʵ
Ϊʲôܣû뵽ܣ
ʵָķ棿
͡Ǹɶϣ廪ҲеƮˡ
ܣ̫ûš
廪
Ĩ˰аɡ
⻰صһëûС
ô֪ҽˣüĽģɵĿ廪
㣬ⲻ̸廪һ죬ͺ˳
ܵһ˲հס
Ѿָƽսȴһ̧ۿ
ֹ죬廪쵼ȥӲȥˣΪСʦ塷ݱƵƵĹټϴʮӰˣսɴǷļ٣ҲڼҴɨһðһЩ
ȴ룬մɨһ룬ˣһĻ»ɷ
㣬治ʡǱ߸ˡ
û䣬Ϳʼ²ԼĹûǸ쵼ǡҶû콲üͷͣ̾ǸίǱģ磬
ô֣սü
ɲǣǵλСҲǸʲɣ˼ҵãԼҵĳˡ
ѧҵûȥλǰ·ֱӽһҹҩǴѧһܵã˸ΪԼĹѧڳﲻ˵ӳⷽ٣ˮȴû뵽ѹԼͷϵɽ
ǰίģίʱΪСû㣬ټʹˣͱ˳ϯȽᣬҲȽǿӲǾ˳˶ĸƵģǾͿ˸ոմѧҵ

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ҲٽĳˣԼǰЩʱҿĵӰֵӰˣ·ĺܺÿѰ˼ţרĵӰ·϶򡣡
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˵⻰ʱеġ
սŴһʱû˵ֻ˼š
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ҵúͳ쵼һ£Ҳ֪Ҳһ˵ġ
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Ҳ֪ﶼô£ĵͷɣҹ㡣
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ģȥΰɣǼҾҺ廪ڼңǶ̫ȥҶɽǱȥˣһӵóԵȥҵģϽջȥ
ս廢˻ȥֻɲ̫Ըӡ
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Ҳ֪ʡǵ׾Щɶ˴ͻࡣ
뿪ܱ˾Ĵս壬ϢһͼææĻ˳׼һ¾к˿ᣬȴ룬ս칫ңͱһżûˡ
쿴ⶼдǵŰ
СĿս壬ץһֽ鲢ïʶţ~书ð~
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սպ˿ˮ⻰͸ȥˡ
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ս֣ùԼ
Ǹһ꼶ĺдģҲҪ߲ǣСץץףֽݸս壬ֻֽϣʴ൱ۣд֣̾ͦʵеģ͸ոСǾ仰Ȼ˼Ҿôдġ
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սֽӹд֣һʼźӿӰΪӰеķƭָ϶һѣٵĸл֮
ԭһԷޣһԴѧޡ
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Сûע⣬ȴ룬ȴ˲ԣְ߰裬˺ܿ˷ӡ
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ս忴дҲǺֻǵһµĶ磬ڻӷƭָϣս廭ָϻˣʶΪֶΪ֮û뵽Сϸڣȴ˷
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Ӱ˵ȫӳΪƬԴʵǲܿģһЩʡУҪȫȫµ÷ŵ°Уһ㣬Сʦ塷ˣޱȵġ¡Ҳһ
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պǳĬϻʦһŲӣȦ΢΢죬ֽ߬ԱСǼѧͽǰæţеֽк֯СԲʵʦԲһö˵ִĹĺ棬һδĥҺˡ
ЩǵģʲôﰡϻʦһţһĦҺˡ
ۿɲհ˻ȥոմĸŷģô
վüͷ΢ЩͷϸȥȴܿĳȦ΢죬Ȼǲġ
⼸ŷģŷûдַ
ڵϵСŷվӴ壬дأ
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Ϊ˼ȥʱ࣬ƺЩ̫󶯸ɸˣҪǲ顭߬źΪѡ
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СĽЩִŵԱߵֽȻԼλϡ
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ЩżҲˣⶼǴҵ顣
սתһӣȻеȫϡ
ŷлϳһСѡ
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СΡΡľ֣²Ӱл
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²Ӱһ£ܵС㲥ͬ־Ҳ顣
У;鲻ᡣսٴη
ǡ²ӰһǺżĺӰǰƬԱ顣
ֲĹŵģĻҪиĻӡ
սü˵ǶһӰϽʲôҪȥȵ²Ӱƻ˶ˣ˭ǵ¶
ٴήҡ
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ҵи飬Ǵһ
ս彫ʼǱ򿪣ѹѹз졣
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УҾͼ򵥵鰡Ǿ˵ǸĻƬǾͺͱĳϵǺ;ӶֵܵλҲ֪ȥϱ߶˼ٲҵĶϱ߶ǨˣҲǾǵĳӲ̫ùΪֵܵλǣǲǸԮְ֮
սŹǻѹͣĪЩϡ
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ҵ˼ǣǵӰô𣬿µ˵Ӱ·ǿԺ³ıƣ³Ȼ͵ٻ̳ȥһ򵽵Ӱһģһ·³Ҳи룬Ҳ׬һۡ
⻰һ۾ɴˡ
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ս岻˵ѹѹ֣ǸִҲˣҲĥһ°ŪԲʵֻСǿԺ߳һ£ЩһģһģغǺϲʦǣҲԳһЩƬǲϲĻƬ԰ԲʵĴԴӡˮƿϣϣϣϣǦʺϡ
⡭ô
ѾŵͶϲˡ
Ҳ̫ɧ˰ɡ
㻭Ƭ
զУڹҪ֧ȴֵ֪֧ʱǺǣ·ľߡߣɶǺҪԴء
սָͷӣŲ˵ͷ
ʱһ뷨ҿǺܺõģһҲ֪ǾǸ˵ƬĿǰõóֵģȴǰϵУֻⲿӰˣЩӰҲŸոյĵز˵ƱȽϸߣҲɽհ
սͬĵͷ
ܵƵģ˵쵼˵Ҫĸ￪ţƬҲһˣҲøĸˣɽҪõģǾһӰѣ·ǣټǻҪ˲ţʽͷָ٣ǵ취׬Ǯ
ĳ̾˿飬ǲҪСʦġɶš
ܱߡ
ԣ۲ҪСʦܱߣҪӰܱߣƩɣĲᣬСɵˮзװǶԳ
սĵͷò¡
Ȼż˵иϢҪʹҷһ¡
СʦĺȨѾҵˡ
սŵЦҲ˵ȸ۳Ǳ߸ӰǵĵӰҪ¼׬ЩҲиóɼĻЩܱߣڣȥأ
⻰һ칫Щ˺ӿࡣ
ǿ㰡
һĵӰģҲôһô
սĿ۾ͨ죬鼤ӣԡ

һ˦ӣ׬㣡
Ѿס˫ۣ˿ⱾĿܡ
ȻսòⱾˡ
ϾӰкд·ǺǳеİͣһЩӿ϶ϲЩľɶģµ˼ʮ󣬺Ҳɱס˫ۡ
ûǣֱһȺֻͳεʢ
ս廭ĴѾסȺ˵۾
ٽû˵Ǿˣ˵˵ҪĹ
սʼǱ
ǰЩӣҺ͸۳ǡ࡯ϰһ棬ĵ÷ǳģҲǸİӰˣȻǸ۳ǵģһŻģ˵ֻҪǵĶӰСʦôߣȫȨǵӰĺȨ
սĻ۾
ʲôһ֪ô
ˣǵĶӰֻҪĺãպھǳ̬ˣԣһô
ô
⻹˵ô
Ȼǡ
У

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ս廭ı, ִԲ
һȺ˸˼ѪƵĳ˰칫ңѸٻصԼĹλ
ԭΪССЩƮѧͽǣʦǵͷһ, ļȥ, ʦǵĻ˵Ʈ, ʸƮôǵĵӰҪڵģ㻭͵ȥöô
⻰һ˭Ʈ, һĻָ֮ǰ״̬ȥˡ
ΪСʦ塷Ѿӳ, ʱûиĿ, ȺѧͽȸŻʦѧ, ǵ׵ӱ, ϻʦǵǶһ, մ, ԾϻʦǱĴӵ۾ġ
Ϊˣս廹, ܵҽνĲ裬ȺϻʦǱô
ҲΪ裬ϻʦǺǰʱʶʱ˼Եá
ǳӵĴĺð, û, , Ժӣʳá
绰ͷֱͬ顣
˵绰, ϺͬºȾ, ΢˼, ͺˣǰƵĵǺأ˭뵽⾩͸أ
ǰ˵ġʽ𣬲ԴžĳȥĵƤϴһˡ
¶֮ǰ绰ǸԵĲ֪¶
ɲҲиǾǵʱǼҹŮ飬Ұȥμӻ˳㿴׶ͳǣҸȥˣƹȥ˿ǷӣԺӡ˵ǾˣԺӻüѧ·źˣҲٴѧŵ赽ġ
Сʦ塷ǣ˭뵽ôأ
ǰǵӰҲûɶʵģǡɫ¹ԶˣǵӰǲնػʯߵأɫʣԣǸ
˶Ʊһ̲סһҲͼֺǡ
⻰˵еġ
ϰղͼֺ˼ܶʲô
ǣһ㣬ԺǻôƬǺͲˣҪٱѹһͷ˵ţص̾˿ͷ컨壺˵ƬӶҵˣֱȥˣȲ˰
ɲǱȲ
֪Сʦ塷ڵһ죬ԺĲ豭ɾˤˡ
Щġ
ӣЩϻʦһŽ˾ģ겻ܳƬƬûйʣϰźҲȥˣڡ¶ѡ
˵׻
˭뵽˸¡ĵӰȻ͸Ҳ˸ĵġ
˵ǳܲ򵥰޵үүǺҶɽġ
Ҳ˼ҵӴ󰡣иƬҪҿ϶ҪƵģҳһĵĸô
ǿ϶ǲҵġ
˭ȥҵĳ
ǲ˸Ұɹˡ
ʱҲҲ
Ժô
ɲ
˻ͦȥ
ǻ򵥣Ǳֱ˵ȥĦѧϰһ£϶ͬ⡣
ĳͺսһһҪ̼ǵǰӣǱ߻Ϊʥٿڣͣ͵Щ꣬ӣѽˡ
ܳͷĳȻͷǸģǼ
̫ˡ
񻪹ó׷·Ļͨһֱڱ״̬쵼ΪܹóףĻȴɷĺȫĶܳߣԺ˵ҲһѶţһҲ߳ŵѶš
һ豭ĺˬĻʦ˵ҪȥĦѧϰǡûɶĿһͬˣϾ㴴ģ϶Ҫȥɷģ쳵ǲеġ
ĻʦҲȥɷȥˡ
ȥأ

ս廭İԳʵ̫ˣδŮڰԳǣСʦ塷ҲڰԳǣ˼ԺֻҪڳеĳ棬ڰԳǡ
Ե˵ԳʵڣҾʱһȺĲϵϻʦææĴ˱棬ǵġŸơҹǱȥˡ
ʵ̫ƽٱڽ̼˼ƻˣ˲ٰӡ
Ⱥͷ̫̫ţս廹ͦĵġ
ʵû취ֻȥƸ˼ˣʽƣֻΪȺϻʦȥɷ磬Ȳɷˣ⼸˾ǳӵıڵĿŴүǻְλȥ԰ﵱ԰רźЩݲȥ
ϴүһԼûݣ˸ź򻨲ݵĻǰǴģǸׯڰʽֻҪﳤãûвźģ޷ǾǾЩȻûɶԸģΪ˸ɺؼһȥ˱ѧ飬ʶ֣ӸӱǸСӣΪүүǮȻԼʶ֣ĩ˸óɼνϲ
ϻʦһߣͷ·ˡ
ֻйȺѧͽϿΣѾ·ݲμӸ߿ԺСʧܣԾˣμҴְֻսĻ滭֣ս˾ĳֵʱֽӹ̰Ϊѧͽǵʦ
Ϊս֣ԼսǱѧϰ֪ʶ֮ϵͳԵĽ̸Ⱥѧͽ
ȺѾԼ·ϻʦǣȺѧͽͺڽʵ֪ʶĥҲպж߿һʷʱ򣬻˵Ⱥ˶ˮϴĥģսȴĽǺбҪġ
šСʦ塷Ŀڱͣս׬
ֽϹڵӰıҲˣ롶¡һʲôĻ𣬵Ӱ̹;֮ĿںѾǱĸִ̼˱ĳЩܶ꣬ޱȵĴŲʺƨս嶼̲ס졣
̬ȵĺܣһûƮ
ϻʦǳȥɷȥˣսҲտһһʲô
ӰֻʱģƪƬҪ
˼ģĶƬû뵽ǣ͵۳ǱڵĶƬѾ˵뷨ˣƷЩӣǱѾʼ˼ӶάάӾЧˣƯʵͻһһάĵز
ֻƯǱߵĻʦԶȽϴ󣬻ȽϾϸȽ
սҪģһõģдһõĹ£ȡһάӾЧĶڣյģǶˡ
˶ȽϺأ
ʳࣿ
ӣôϲ顷ǲΪϲĴҪҲħģ
غҶɽ·ϣս嶼˼⡣
٣ˡ
ʱ廪ͻȻ̽ͷͻȻǰ
ս͵αһͨͨţȶһʱ̧һ£ˡ
ʲôأô񡣡
һӰ¡
սαϣ̾˿ġ
Сʦ岻ǻûô
Ȳˣ˵ˣҲʦ㹻ʱȥɷ磬ҶҲûʲôáս仰˵ʵ⼫ˡ
廪̧ĺ󾱣Ҫ̫ˡ
սͷһᣬǡüסֱۡ
Ҳۡ
˵ţתͷ⣺ˣ
ţ³ɡ
廪ƿ˳ƵսǱߣ˳ţŶԺߣ⽻ˣϵҶɽԷΪܽȥͽɺˣ۳ɲɣһԶٷ
Ϊˣս廹ؼһ·
ΪμӦϲģսû뵽ǣһţͿվſڡ
·𿴼˾Ƶģ˹
ȥԲԲɣǺӶһСʱˡ

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һ߽⿪ΧһʵԲԲأ
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ûȥ壿
սüһۡ
еִ٣һҽȥ޵ĸ
ȥȥ
˵ţս̧ţԲԲ, š
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ﴫС, ţһص
սæżſվ, š
˺һ, ͻȻ汻, Ű, գ۾ս, սȥ裬ԲԲ۾ˡ
֪, ȥԲԲ
ҺͰȳ档µľ˵žת, ŰͶ˵ˣս˵ûüνǺˡ
սŰ, ȰԶ, С˵ԲԲ, Խô
ܲĿս塣
мԺ, ʦûӣҲԼԺӣǾԱסţڼԺܶ಻ͬĸףбģҲģųģۿȥЩĸ׶Ժӵ̬ȣųĸף˵ʱϲʽĿǡ
⻹ͷһѯʺӵء
ɣ
ԲԲȻʻѾϰΪ
ս뷿䣬ûţֱߵԲԲĶ
סԲԲ֣ԲԲ㲻ô
ԲԲͷ˵
Ϊְȥ׵ô
ԲԲ̧ͷСĿս壺ְ֡Բô
ԲԲ
ս֣ԲԲ㲻԰ְر𲻹ƽôڼң̫̫үүеܵţɰְأµһھӪܿô
ҿȥְ֡
ԲԲæ˵
ԲԲǸСѽ
սԲԲ֪ԲԲѾǸӺˣܰæչ˵ܵã˲֪ѽǻãְһ˴ԲԲ̫ˣְҸӣԲԲҸչˣңְҲᵣĲôΣѽõĶһڼҵ㡣
ԲԲ죬ͷָ໥ָס
졣
⼸꣬˵ܳ谮ӶԴĵǲġ
ܺ£°ְֲҪҲһᷳ
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ԲԲ˽սĻű죺ǰüͬѧк裬Ƕÿǣǡ
·뵽ʲôµ飬ԲԲ̲סĶһ¡
ս۵§
ᣬ£ԲԲ㡣
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սüˮˣ
ţ˵½ָܵܵˮϴƨɣûץãˮƿˤˣ̵ܵܵĽţ
ԲԲ˵ţ˵ܵܣҲҹǰûؾʱӣ˵ѾģЩʹ࣬ȴ衣
ıսԼůĻ
㵱òã
ԲԲεԴս塣
ս忴źǽдεߣ̲ס̾˿̧׵ͷһֱҵĶӣԲԲְҲǺģ֪ô
ԲԲͷһͣ˽ȥ
һֲҸԸ񲻺õĺ㣬ԲŻȥùãùõԸ᲻ôʦǽù裬ͿԺͰְһˡ
ս屧˻ΣҰְѾͽù˵ˣԺ󲻻ܵãԲԲһˣô
ҪԲԲô
Ȼǣֻô˽ԲԲְ߰ԲԲߡ
İɣĲϣȢĻҲȢġ
ܵսԭ֪ʲôʱѾ˽ȻղŵǶζԻһ
ԲԲԣ͵ֱ壬Ŀܡ
˵ģ
ܼᶨͷġ
ԲԲԴĻͻסˡ
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εִ˴ͷת粽ĳȥȥˡ
Ȼˣͱ˼ҹˡ
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꣬˵ĽʱӰȴô򵥾ġ
սԲԲˣ˫̥ʱ򣬾ͿɫЩӲɳϣȻܿ϶Ѿ˵ˣȢˡ
սˣæ֣˵˵ô¶úõô˵ҪͲҪˣ
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սſ̽СԴ˫̥֣ȥԲԲȥ
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սҲˣǸӵ°ԼԱ߸żҲûá
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ս죬ͻȻתת˸⡣
̣ҪʴɺɺӡôҪǾÿԣǾȥǱߣԲԲ¶Ǽʵʵ˵ǽɺҪԸĻԺԲԲ飬ԲԲ⺢˼УȴҲֻҪĴ˵ŴȢɺҲûܵģҪԸ⣬ǽҲû취ۼҲǣ
ˣЩɡ
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Сܳէս˵ен
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սָͻȻһӡǧǧѰ뵽˻ġһԴǡ
ҲԻһö
ѸٵĿʼ˼µĴ٣һ֡֡ԺѸٳͣٳɵ³Դۣ³ʱɫЩÿ

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һԷදһ⻰æǺ̬

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ɺæڵĸȥҺһɡ
ս忴˿ɺıӰȻջߣߵԱߣťʼ̨̨һţ̨ţ̨šȻݵ̨
ף
սͣס֣Ŀ洩ȹץŻͲֽĿӰ
ⲻǰô
ս켫ˣȻĵˡ
廪԰᲻ǺϤֻǿһۣתȥɴȥˡ
սվԭأŵ٩٩̸İᣬ뵽ѽӵĳʯ֣ɵ΢΢һ뵽һܡ
ȥҸ裬Ҫһô
ȥ
廪ҲûĵͷϴҴӦɰָŪƿþš
񱻷Ƹظ˵ϰùʣǹǿѾԶǰƽҲ˵ȾƵСã廪ӦŪƿعƵҲȷʵóչȥһˡ
ս£ϡССŵʱĶЩĲɵġ
˵ںǵĺ棬ĽζԼҵӣǻ˼ԺС飬ÿ˼ҵĺӶμôϢԣģܿĵӵģͶˡ
һʱμСԺﻶЦʮ֡
٣ּҿɾ˰ƣǴøһͳˡ
˿ڲ裬۾ڵĻβ
죬дŲãɶõġ
ôˣѧϰ˼ҵ֪ʶáǰͳˣŶΣҲһͬģټϸĸ￪ţٴѧﶼ˴ѧԼԼѾ˵ͷˡ
죺Ҳûѽ
ʱһۣĲ˵ˡ
ø˷ɻּһ˱׾İοĴãǶݵһºֿʼֶӵҵСһɳϣŴô󺰣ħãֲ˹
⻰һĺǶʱЦ
⻰ǡñүүˣүүֱֺ̧СһƣȻСʼ˼𣬿ʼ˵ô࣬ô࣬˵Ľž˵ս
Сӯ
ڶдĵʱԺлүүĻ̲סڱдʲô¾ãǸǰС
ﱻսհˣȻֱ˵һ
ҲָպȫĻܹǵĹ
ս忴仰Ȼ˵ȦٿЩ濴ӵĺǣĹ˹
ǳɹˡ
СĵϿʼһƬʿѵƬк䤱ģ벻ģѪģƿȣü굽ġ
һƬֱ顣
ƬΪ˷
ʱսǰܴ绰һЩѵƬ⡣
ǰҵںƽĺӣ֪ȱŬС
⻰̲סͳ˲۾
Ǵս߳Ķӡ
κ˶ϣǿ
Ҳκ˶ϣܹܡ
ĹǿѵģǾģԺĹ˻Ҹģǳϣģʹˣϣܹ־֮ġ
ϯ˵۹֮Ĳ
ŵӵ˫Ŀз·ȼŻ棺һҪپС
սͷһŬǵ˼룬ͨƬÿһӣںС۵ĿУһŰĻ硣
ĺܺá
Ŀս壺һսʿҲǣֻͬˡ
ս֣صͷ
ǰԴ濴ӵĺǣ߬߬ȭͷ

105 Ⱦ

ڶ, ս廪˺ҵš
ѾǸСѧˣǵʱ򣬶дҵ, Ա߶ϻӡ
廪
, øһսʱ۾һ, ˡ
սඵԹӣأ
û°, Ȼͻˡ˲ս, Ȼּдҵ
Ǿվ, תͷųķ򺰵ǮŮŮ
ˡ
Ǯӳ̽Դ, սҲһˣô˵һҲȥˡ
æ˸, Ǵˡ
սĲ, ǴӷĲˣǺͬǿһ·ݶ, ǰǱ߶ģÿ쳴˵ʱζ, ҾֱӴˡ
Ǳ߶ĲζȷʵԵ
ȥǱߵģζ͵ص
ٷŵӣ³Բߡսһ˵һ߰ѴӴ򿪣¶Ĵɲӡ
ҵ, ŵζƮ
ʯַûҲų, սȴŶӣҵĵƱҲսæҵġ
¶Ƭҿ, ͦÿǮս˵Ļ
ǶƬСܿսЦЦ
Ǯ̾һ, Ҷˡ
ս壺
Ҳ̫ʵ˰ɡ
, ˫̥أôû⵱ô¶ôĶأǮ𱸵ļһ¡
սεżͷӣȥֿˣôͲˡ
Ǯô˵Ҳ֪Լˡ
æתƻ⣺G˵ô£
㣿ս
սһ뵽ϴǿԼ£ʱ˾񣺡ʲô°ϴǿҳңæҲûüϸʣ˵˵
ˣıǶⲻǼûίǱҲһɨɾˣıҲûҲǱӵģˣûɫˣ̫ͷиɵӣǰЩʱܶˣӾ;⿪ܵģڼҴֱӱȥ˸⡣
ս죬ǡġ
ıڼҴŷˣ֪ôģѧУһѸʦˣ˵ûʲô˷׵£ƽﾭŰæҲʲôε¡
Ǯ̾Ҫ˵ıҲǣٲãҲһΪĺš
ս嵹ǲôá
û취սͬ־ʵ̫ˣЩ굫һռңҪ䣬ô³Ҳǻá
Ҫ廪ȥı˵˵
˵ɶ˼ҷ޵£ûҵͷҲòְ˵ˣ˼ޣͷܴβ͵ģûҪмˡսҲķ
Ǯ˵͹Ѹ걻ˣͷܴβͣƭǡ
Ȼս岻ܣǮҲͲˡ
óʯֺӴźӻˡ
ʯȥתҵˣܺãֱӷ䵽׶־ӳȢǳСѧʦĺ꣬ڳСѧĸ׶԰ȫаࡣ
㣬򡣡ս˸к
ս屧ǵĶӶһǮкų
극սѳʯѳ˵ˡ
ʯӣȥԲԲˣ
ţҽҲСĵ˵ϵã㣬Ҫ㣬ûôðѡ
ʯüպˣǳˡ
ʯתҵȻû֣Ķȴպġ
Ҳ˵һ£ʱˣֲ
֪ˡ
ʯֵͷжĿս壺лл㡣
лɶѽһˡսνİڰ֡
ǰһˣϧ˲ԸΪһˡ
***
µСս忴ûٿˣÿźǿĲֺ
չڣڿΧļĺõģҲǵʱš
ҿⲿƬƺûжǰǼƬô飬Ϊʲô
廪һ߸ˮˮһʵ
ûɶҪΪⲿƬûǰ漸Ƭˡ
սҲʰ·
Ƕ˺Ļ𳵣ҪȥˣΪ;ҪתԵʣ˾ܵľٴٴ
Ȼ㣬ΪʲôⲿƬ
廪Ĳˣ˵û籾ģǸ׷ˣĻƬӲǾԲġ
սվⲿƬӺǰļͬ
ⲿƬӵй¶䣬Ծ籾ΨһҲǸıѣ֮ⲿƬӣҲðպǾһ㣬ġ
ûÿһͷıͬӶˡ
Ϊʲô
Ϊùйô
˵ڶҵڵľǿɸȡĻҪȡ
ûǣھżҪת͵ģʱ򻹳һΪ񡷵ĶΪҵֶӺѧҳͶˣս廹ǵʱԼСֻе㲥̨ܿⲿƬӣ˰µ绰ȥ绰ѵʱһǧࡣ
Ҫľϴԡ
Щҳϰ߸źһ𿴶ƬҲҪüҳǱʶΪĶƬӿġ
ⲿġССʵһϴƬ
Ϊȡ˱߲ķʽսʱ£ȺڣҲΪҪƬȡʱ䡣
ЩȲˣҪҪȥ
ٵĵڶ죬ɺԲԲ׼ȥʡܣΪԲԲͽɺҲһȥƱĸһӣһ䣬һҲݡ
ǵĻ𳵳ˣս廪Ҳ˫̥ȥǵĻ𳵡
˫̥ͷһ𳵣൱˷ܡ
廪ս˶̣̿ţһţҲ徻ĺܡ
ͰүһӼˡ
廪۾ʼ飺Сչţûʲôɵĵġ
ڳϿ飬ôҶ۾Ҳá
սְ廪˹廪ָεЦЦ㿴ɶ飿
ս̽ͷȥһۡ
汾
ɲǣСƽﻭ弸ģźãŴȥǣܷܲĵģߺ·ӵȥȥ
ս۾Կԣ汾ҲửȵҲһ׳ϲӶ汾
ʵʮ󻪹ҳҲϲӶ汾ֻڻĹ鲻
ææˣʱӶ
׼ʲôĵģ廪ӣڳ棬ս塣
սͷ˼һﾡϱӸСֶֶŮǶĻ汾
ϰ֮ġ
ս룺ҵȡˡ
Ϊɶ
ΪɶȻΪ׬Ǯˡ
ҪȡӢıҪȡıҪպȺ˰ǳȻǸʱɫжÿ
һᵽ׬Ǯ廪ɾ˾ˡ
ԴӴӾλƻ󣬾ͺ˴󺣣գֻо鶼ˣҪ˵ΨһľϾĿУǾ廪оá
һֱûʲôҵ񣬺ǱߵǷչĲҲ˺üдűʦҸ۳ǱΧҪȹǿЩջʦȽס
սڵĹ飬̲ס̾˿Ҫǿԣһͦȥ࿴һء
廪
ݣʱʺϡ
սҲ⣬ʼ磺֪
°ͣԺ϶лġ
ϾҪɵӰģպĻҲѵģڸĸ￪ţŵĲǾûǵ˼룬Ǹ۳ǵĸӾӿڣҲõóֵĶء
һ㣬սҲ廪汾ˡ
廪ҲǵĿ˫̥һһҵĿԼϣǽ汾
˫̥񣬺ܿͰүһսҲЩˡ
ʵûɴóӿʼ˼¹¡
˵ʵССǲ̫ģĿǰıӲõģȴֱӽڼͥ棬ǵиõĳֵĳƪС
ǰǾˣ̵ĶӣǱߵģҲ˵ھûоƷȡèǧʡֵ͡ܡǺĿද滹С糿֮ĺƬȻǱ߳ĶǾƷǱȽϰٷ
սӺͷϡ
˵ЩõĵҲóãֻǰѣܾͰѺ˵Ĺ͸Ƶġ

սƬҪġ
úú룬նı綼ЩˣԵĻǰЩ˲Ÿڵ
𳵡ꡯˡ
һֱûս廹Ϊ˻𳵾ˣû뵽һվⷿһԷޣǱŴСģһԵӵޱȡ
ǸϾͺáʱ˲˲ͷĺ
û¶
սЦЦ
ȷ̣ȻʼʰѵȥԼȥ
İˣһӲࡣ
廪СĸǶ汾սǽȻҲûдʲôⱾǰ涼ĹʼǣԷһȽϺá
һֱûʲôһֱ˰Сʱ
ţ˿ڣʲ
š
ŮӦһ
˴Ųӳ˰ȥˮˡ
𳵻ƵܣҲ˯Ӹո˵ҲȤ̽ͷȥǺãոǸӶ飬ùͦʣûģͦе
⻰һ֪ǸĻˡ
ս廪һۣЦܲҪ
Ǹá
һ̴ˡ
սߣõһѲȣŷ磺ƽæʱ򣬾Ŵţţ־òˡ
ΪСԵʡ
ս忴ӣЩĽĶģ֪Ҳһˡ
ҼϷԸģ˾ͰЩСҲȷʵ㲻١˵ʱĵβסġ
ս忴ӣϲܸҿô
С
һϣս塣
սûʲôо廪ȴǿٺöģȹǣá
յģûɶ¡
˵ˣЩհǻĻĹ屦ԺҪһва
ɶѽ˵СˣҶӹŮѧ
ӹսݻӣȥĶ
Ϊ;ҪתվҲԲ׼ǵȥ
ǡ
ӴɲҺϷҲȥǣҴǶϱӴˣȥŴӣ˵˵ҺϷŸݣûɿأ͵ȥˣһǹæġģĺܣǼӿŲ󣬲˫̥ɡ
˫̥
ǿǺø
Ϸ´ɱͿ̵ķĿˡ
ɵЩող˵岻ô
öˡ
ƳһۣȻֽӹϷݹ´ɱ˵˵ϷҲȥǵġ
Ŷôɣ
ϷŰ׳۾ź廪Ǳƨɼ˵طȥ̽׻ǡ
ȥɷ硣
սЦЦ˳ȥĴúɽ
ɷ磿ϷЦݶʱࣺ㴴Ǹö߲Ŷԡ
˵Լģ
ǰӿɷ˲ٹԼȾġ
Ⱦô
֪ȾȾ
Ϸùӣչָ棺ԲȦֻ̫
ÿ
ս̧ۿϷһۣҲ֪ûжģҿԻǮ򡣡
еУǲûӡϷЩȡ
սʱеʧ
ô꣬⻹һôеҪһء
廪ս˯ˣϷ˽һʱűдһַݸϷϷļ򣬸̾ôϱ˿ɲˡ
ѵϲһ
廪̾˿ˣϲЩգЩʧ˴С
Ϸԣһ˲䶯ݣǰ˭ԸѧЩȾҲǼҴģǸһʦѧ֣ǼҼҴӣȵȣʢʱ򣬻ѡˣ˭뵽ڶû俩
˵ţʮֲԼӡ
廪ﲻһҪҺ㶨ӣô
㶨٣
ǧѡ
ϷüͷһҪôʲôʱ
ҵô
ӵĲϡ桭Ϸһ˵ԼļҴ£˾廪
ȹľ߼ľ˿޶ԡ
ʵȹý˿ľ˿󣬲˿ִ˲ˡ
òôõġ
սԺ廪Ϸ˵
Ļȵٸ㣬׼ô
һ϶ǻزȥˡ
ǺãǵĵַʱֱӹǾС
ҲҶӵĵ绰롣
ǽ˸ԵʣϷ˵ˣӰ﷭һȵݸս壺ģЩ覴ãʹã͸ˡ
ϵĻǴģսϲ
ȵתվŷƱͬһ˳ֻźֿ
˳ķȣ̲ס̾˿սָĵԼ̫Ѩڶһ磬ͻȻҪȾ
ս˷ܣô

106 Ա

ô
廪Ȼʲô, ҪȾĶҪȾٲ
ǰ
ͺͺġᡷһǿ˾ȫĲż
սЦȶɺ, ȾЩȫǳ, պ, ʮ꣬Ҳܸʷɶģúܡ
Ұ, еսû˵
ǾǼʮ, ЩᱻΪĻŲǱݳƷ
ҪЩĶ, ͲָϷһˡ
ս, һЩĴ˻Ѳ, ҪҲΪĻŲһ, ˿, ƽЩǵǧ֮󣬲ŴĻŲֻʱ໹յ˼, ѾȥˣھͳֱĻ, Ҳ֪ܱܲ
´пգȥһ˰񡣡
廪սĺ󱳡
սʱ˵Ĳ, ˫̥Ϳʼδ, Ѱ˼ŵȳ￪ʼЩƬ, ҲܾűźһЩ²ãպ󴫴ҲǺõġ
оȾƬȥϵһ¹ҵ̨ûȤļ¼Ƭ˵ģȾĹ̼¼ûӣδͲһˣ˵ԺܳΪоء
һȥģþ͹ҵ̨ΪֵܵλԺҲܻﻥ
ô
ԽԽã·̶ԵûôѰˡ
ϵĻԸռһС䣬ȥǵȻ࣬ںͷӲ٣Ͼ̵ļ۸˵ûеϵ򲻵Ʊ
ΪûսҲҴˣʼдȾľ籾
ȾǰеȾʽսдľ籾Ϊġˮ졷Ĺ£˾꣬Ǻ̫ȣȣû˿꣬ݸˣ꣬ţˣˮʱġ
ս彫ǰ񻰹¸д˳
ռдģ϶ԭֻͬҪһ뵽ڻȾķʽչʾս;üѡ
ˣⲿӰҪ͵չȥ
˵ø
·ҡ˺ü죬ҡ˫̥˷ˣ𳵲ͣǻվ
˻𳵣ߵվڣԶԶľͿվȺУ黹ɵľд廪ֵֽƣ˻Ҳ£۾Ĵʱʱ۾ˡ
үү
СȺֱֵӳĶС
GGүүء
Ҳܻ᲻ἷԱߵˣֱӳȥһѽȻݺݵĲ˲ԼĺӰѰĲͣӡ
үүȥЦֻСӡ
үүɲ
һ˵
սǣžҲЦɣڶֵֻСˣүүˡ
˼ҲŲأ۾һɣǷŭ
ڼһ˵ǿɰСˣôүүͳСˣ
úúã֡廪һ˵ţһ뽫ȴ룬أͶ㿪ˡ
û¶һأүүöء
ϡӣƫƫĶŮСͺֿҲ֪ںη˫̥ôܲϲأ
ǰ廪ӣѾ׼ˣҲ߶ˣǳվɣվˣű˵ˡ
Gллսû廪ôŤЦľӦˡ
лʲôлһˡ
սĲҲõĲˣŰƵĴǳվ
ںæ
սһСְﻹȣͣŷ磬廪ڻȻûʲô飬ɿźߣ֪ôˡ
ǱŤ˰ˡ
˺䣬˼ʻڸʻһĿڡ
˵ҪѽҾ˰ʰˣ;һһ¥鷿Ҳճˣ֪ϲʲô飬Ҿ˵㣬ǺǺǡ
һ˵һЦĳһҵĵĻӭ
鷳ˡսæǰ̽̽ιҪ뿴
żҲ˺üˣϢһ죬Ҵȥࡣ
սͷãġ
ٶȺܿ죬ӻվֿ˰СʱŵסĵطһСԺӣС¥ŲԱȴ˵ţһ⡣
һ˳߽ȥ
ӭһʮ߰СŴӣŻΧȹ
սͣǼıķС
磬ɩ
СЦЦ߹־ȥսİ
սһ£ݸʮȻߣǰţﻹиרĸӦȥˡ
廪û˵ʲôֻǸںɫЩ䡣
Ƚݣ廪һ䣺ȥ鷿һ°ɡ
ͷá˵ֽСóԵĺȵģúչš˵͸廪鷿
Сս嵹ˮָ˫̥˲ʳ
ⶼȥ̳ġ
СִӳóϸõĲѵӴ򿪣˶ƬӿææģڼﴩͣսΡ
Ϣɡ
սԴ£һߺȲһʵĿǱ˰
ʮˣǴʡġ
СﻹĨɳϣнˡ
Լһ˹򹤵ģ
ҲǣҺһġ˵ԼɷС¶ЦϼɽϵģǴСףϴ˵׬Ǯ࣬ҽ˻飬͸˳ˡ
ʮ߾ͽ˻ˡ
ս̲סꡣ
ɩӣﻹҹȥһ»𡣡
սӻָȥɡ
ССŽ˳
˰СʱҲ֪μֶ˵ʲôֻ֪ʱ϶ŵЦ⡣
СջսӳԵͦãԹ緹һĿڶϴ˯һֱ˯ȥ䡣
ٳǰսüĵ绰˸绰
ʲôǵˣ
ϲӵ绰ͷĶأҵøҸ磬һĿڹúóһٰ
ż⼸컹£æȥȥ
սЦ˵˵ôæɱ㹤
㣬ɶɵģԼϰ壬ʲôʱ°ʲôʱ°ˡھǵʱҪˬ
Уæȥ㡣
ðɣҪֱ˵˵ģҰֻ˵һ仰ġ
˵꣬ЦˣҸˣθһõʱˣθҸ粻
ˣ˵廪ˣս嶼⡣
ţعڵġ
ս壺
⻰˼ѲɻǸҵ̽ϣ
ǵʲôʱϢ
ˣ˵ˣȼģҶüû˫̥ˣҲ֪ڶˡһᵽĻ¾̲סķԼĻֱԼˡ
Сˣ캰档
КG
ȹˡս˱Ȼ˵绰
廪һֱԱţϢҲֻü
Сĺܷʢִӷ˼Ӳ˻սǳԵĺϴ룬Сʰó°׼뿪
ս忴ͷигСſڵţСˡ
Сһﳵһںܿľˡ
ȥԡϴ˸ˮ裬ϳ䳤˯£ſڲ輸ϿʼĻ滭ҵŲ迪ʼ̸ˡ
ҵ˼ǣĿǰʺ
̾˿ߵˡҸоɣô˵أﶼһ⾭Ҫʵʵ飿еѡ
Ų豭˿ڲ裺Ǹգθ
ǡսЩ¡
ڡ࡯սҰĵģϾʮĶ˾ǣֻҪȥպǶأضһϯ֮λ
ʱĲͬǿɲպǡ
뷢չ࡯Ȼѡ
ҵǣתܱߡ
սϵӣҸոպ廪̸ˣܱߣѺסˣٿǴ£ȻǱߵĶڵزòŵĶͨͺǩͬ˽˵ĳҵ񡣡
廪ո˵ǧӣҵ˼ǣЩӣǱߵ˱Ƚϰܱߡ
ս˼һͷҲá
ܱ
廪ǧӣ㲻ΪֻܱΪƷҲǺֵġ
ˣϴνչǸʲôλģҵѾչˡ
ս壺
ģ
սԼ첻ܺˡ
ţǶǸƵôҲûѽ
ս壺
ˣˣڻûء
ܻġս鴤ǣ˸ģɵĴ𸴡
Щɴ಻ˣԲһңֻҪһҿ˿ڣҪвƲȫĸԸ˵ֻչһзŶˡ
ڶһ磬廪սȥ˺๫˾
๫˾ķװΧķ
˾칫˲࣬㣬滹ззģҲ֡
һԱվϰ塣
ƿһţǻʦİ칫ңһ㶼ǸӰĵ滭ͼɶģЧ滹ԵģϾĿǰûⷽĹ
ս壺
úõһ˾ôŸо湫˾ˡ
ȥ˱Ҫ˹ǻŵòҶΪϰ岻ͻȻأû뵽ȴ˱ݸС˲࣬뻹ǲġ
ս忴һۡ
˱ǺģҲΪ˲ˣǺεġ
һʱ䣬ɸʦߵĻʦѵûƪСҲУֻ֮ͼ
КGֻҪǱҪʱϡ
ʮϵĵͷ
սֻصʦ칫ſڣ͸濴˿ֻӶʹ״̬ɱտʼʱԣˡ
ӺȥսװһȦ
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ȶιˣսֻص࣬İ£һ졣
˳㻹ʦǿ˸ᡣ
ϰ庰ᣬʦʵͦ˵ġ
֪Ǹװϰĳӣƽ;Լ˾ӣϰˣһҲϽЩԼĳɼҪϰǰһˡ
˭Ҳû뵽ǵ˰죬ľȻϰ壬ǸŮˡ
սߵλæӣս尲Ȼ£׼ɡ
ι˭
飬ϰأ
ǣ˵ϰ庰ô
ΪսĻһȺ˶ʱԹ
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⻰һȺ˶ʱ缦
սҲµĶ뿪Ƥϣǲһֻͼɡ
ոջµĻʦ˿Դ
ܸӡ

107 

ǳĬ
ʦ˵, սҲû˵ǷűʼǱ
ҳڼžĻԶЩʦ̧ͷ, ǡþͿڶԼüŪ, ñѯţô£
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Ҳ۾
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֪

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ս忴ʼǱĹ滭ʦѾñ鳳ˡ
ҿǵĹ־
սѹѹӣʱϰ, Ǿ˿, һ֪, ճ׼ˡ
˵ʵĿǰǵķչٶǹ˾Чʵǲġ
֡
ս忪ھһףֱӰĻʦס, Ͼ˰࣬ϰһȷǵĹɹ, ˭ǽܲ˵ġ
滭ʦǵɫһ˲úѿ
Ȼǹϵ, ҵ񲿵, һ, ԺҲǿᡣ
ʦɫÿЩ
ҲǵƷ, ˵ʵ, Ҳǻĳ̶ȣ׶ǱߵĺѾһƬŴˣȻ, ֻ溣պ̭Ӷࡣ
ʦǵĸ
, һλʦƷ, ҿǵʵ
˵ţսӱʼǱһƬһǸֱдĻʦ֣ļʦ˭
ں棬һ۾֣ϰ壬ҡ
ĺܾܲз塣
սƬ
ƬϵĻܼ򵥣һĻֻͶӰߵҪ˺ұߵˣǳȥͶӰȷʵұߵˣҪ˺ߵˡ
ֽʵЩֻ棬͸鶨Եˡ
׼⸱ؾǣڱֽϡսҹĻܺãⷽ뷨Զ໭ţֻҪܱˮƽҿ취ڱֽϸ㿪滭Сר
滭Сר
ֻԼһڱˡ
£漴ǿϲ
Уʵһһϵأ˼ֻҪһšͷСƵģضվˣô˼Ĵ쵼ֻȡ
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սͷʼǱ
ʦҲոս廭Ĵҭһ£۰Ͱ͵ĿſڣһﲻͣţôˣôͿгأ
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дҳȥˮϰ壬ϰ绰˵ǹ˾£źҪ£Ѱ˼Ż²ҾͳŻԣⲻûüȥ
˵˵ţ
ûӣڷﻭǰԽԽˡ
ðԼõϢȻûǣ
ǣǿˡ

֮ǰΪսЩµĻʦǣӦǴ
Ҳ֮ǰ˵ˣҲûҵѽ
ʱӵ˶ڻ˵ùǿʼԹˡ
ˣ˵Ĺ򣬲Լδ·
ս岻ͷ˵
ʦְ˻ȥ
ǲǲڵģֻиλѾܲˣǸӪҵҲܱȥϰשǿ˵ǶñʸӵģҪȥҲɲ˵滹ܻĻس֪໢Ŀƨλãֻȡ֮ء
ôһ룬Ȼɫѿֱ˼֡
ս巭һ¹£˵ʵûģ廭Ծǵ¿ͺһˡ
Ҳûһζǿ佱뷨ǺõģЩһӾרŻʦʱźúѧҪܻĹ£ǲڱֽϿר飬պĶӰҲǲܵġ
ţֻĳȵ
Ӱ
Сʦô
սһ£ͷԡ
ǡСʦ塷Ӱԣһ뵽ԼܿҲҪĵӰôܲˡ
һúѧ
սЦ㣬ҶҪúѧ׼˵ġ
ʦӶ̧ͷ
Ҳл᣿
սȥ󣬻ʦתǧأܾôϰǾ仰ǰԼģ־ûԼֻгһˣ˵ĺŸƵɫ޵ůɫһֽϾ̳һտ
Ӵ˼ҿˣϰ忴ء
ǣֲúǴһأЩ˱濴ʵʵһӻˮ
ҲҪۺ죬ʦҲԸѧ
һµĻʦʱࡣ
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˸ۣתͶŽ뿪˰칫ҡ
һս뿪˾ȥװȥˣ廪صģҲ֪ȥʲôȥˣһæ֪廪˵ǣԲǵĻΪԼй
˫̥ڰ칫档
뵽Լһ˫ŮҲǸף˫̥ãõ簮֣ھǵʱս嶼ʱ䳤ˣӵñˡ
첻˵ҪȥͬµôϽȥҸ
սˣӵģ̿˵
ս壺
²һ䣺Ұ¥ãȥĶȥĶ
⻰˵ˣս廹ܾܾĺô
Ȼǲˡ
ԣȴ绰
á
ѵ绰һơ
ս绰͸˸绰۳ǵĻױƷ⣬˸Сó׹˾ױƷѾ̵̻ȥˣҪ˶ãǵİٻ¥ҲĹ̨ˡ
Լİ칫ңҲԼ˽˵绰ս׾ҵ
һ˵սҪ̾˵˸԰ڷװСó׹˾м䣬һܽʡʱ䡣
˫̥Ӹսų˹԰ûӣˡ
ɩӡ
սͼˣ־ͳս˹

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ô
ս˵ţ´
˵ĳһúᷢţһɢڼϣϴһɫȹɫ˿࣬ɫƤ߸ЬһСϻױƯˡ
һǸСĴ硣
Ӻܲ
ɶѽ
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սûͲС£Ѿʮ˰ɡ
ûС
ҡҡͷʲôѽôҸ粻أžˡ

108 ؾ

ǶԻľ¡
ǰս忴ʮ겻ĶŮ, £ûʲô˵ġ
, ʱڸĸ˵, Եø뾭ѵˡ
ЩҲͦġ
ɩӣǣҶû˵, СｿĹ, 㣬, Ҳ, Ȼ޸Ҹˣ͸øҸúùӰ, ˼ƫ˼һԼûĴ, ҴԺǸɶ־ɵƨɺͷܡ
ұΪ־ɹţ͵͵ܹȥۣӴѽ۾Ϲ, ־ϵɳˣɩҲƵ, ҸҲɵӣȻһ㶼, , Ҳɩжϲ, ˵˵ʲô˼
쳤̾˿
˵ҲЦһҸյվڴϣ֪ȥվȽŸˣҰ־æŸҸ綩Ż£ûôæĸǰ˻£ڿǽӣû粻ء
սĿࡣ
ôҲû뵽ҵǺ󣬹ľȻ˵
ǡû°ɡ
ս嶼Щˣܸ綩Ż£ô
ôڻû԰ɡ
ս壺ͷš
Ұֲҡ
ĻشЩһ̯ϴŽ֮ǰϴѧǹܲңҴѧҵæſæҵ찵صģҲû磬ǳԱҰ˵ҸͲСˣҰֲҸϱϱžͼɹģҾ͸½ˡ
սóǸɩ
ǰѣһũ죬ϽҲټ˾ǣʹˣϾŵñҲԴϣȫҲͱסһˣɨ˺öӡˢޡ
֯ƸʱСƵģ˵ΨΨŵŵű¶˱ԣɼ˵̹֮ǿ̹֮ǿɼǴɩĶ֡
ͲɣֻҪԼľˡ
սЦЦ뷨ûз񶨣ȴҲû֧֣˵˾TVBԣ̶̰꣬ҪľǿˣֻҪԼˣȷԺ󲻻ڣͿԲ顣
һ㶣Ȼһѱסս塣
Ҿ֪ҡ
Ȼˡ
սЩεĺ󱳣֮ͥ£§§ʲô£
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а
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һ⣬Ҳˣڵս˳ó׹˾ȥˡ
ǲ˾Ŀϰ˱˵ĳû취ֻÿų׹ں棬һó׹˾ķȥ
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¥һŮװ꣬¥ϾĹ˾
ȥֻڹһ߸ߴģͣӣӵĸ첲¡𣬿ɼӺء
СЦЦľܱȰɡ
ֻҪþͺáսҡҡͷİ칫ҡ
칫ĻȽϼªֻһһŰ칫һɳɳǸģ϶ƤˣսĿɳϣ߹ȥɳЦɳǹڻûУӣǱ߹ġӻ
ӻ
սһ£Щʡ
ѽǡվߵսС˵ϰ꿪ʼ½½ıĹҵĶֻ֮Ķ͵ۿˣЩҾ߶ӣǱ߲ҪģһɳֻʮǮܻġ
䡪
սֻӱһƵģ˶ˡ

Ժ˲ð֡
˵ЩӣҪսѹĲ
ѽ˵Ҳ̫ˣء
죬սġЩƣֽƽϵˣҲһ˲£ˣ˵þͺˣոո˵ҪҪ̸˵˵ʲôѽ
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֪ûпգȥһʦ
ʦ
ָԼȥʦ˭ʦ˫̥ģ
ǣи´˼ʦ֪ģЩϻʦȻǿǷѾ̶ˣСʦǴαſ嵵ڲҸĻ磬ûôżˣȻҪָԼĻˣҲǸҺ棬̫СˣһϣܳԼıӣҼҪһȺе滭ףȴûȷĻʦ
ǰҺͷʦ֪ҵĻġ
ս˵Լķգ̲ס̾˿
ôʦ뾩Ҳ̫Զˡ
ץץԴе㲻ս
߱ȽϿɡ
սǶǵ˵
ȴԼ֪ս뷨ˣˬĵͷԣҲûʲôһЦĺãɵðھҸʱҪҰֱƵúˣһܻؾͶȥ
ʱº˵ʱʱְ
仰ͳɣʲôʱȥϿΣ
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ϵĻҵúúøлˡ
㣬˵ɶллģǽá̧һƺսıϡ
ȴó׹˾˵ɶҪսԷ绰սܾˣֻ˾˼ң廪ʹֱӵó׹˾С
Ҳ˵绰
ǱзֵģΪμӣҲѷָˡ
廪˵صĲ֪æЩʲôǻĵͦ磬֮ǰȥװǱ߰˫̥һӹˣǵʱսѾڷİаСʱˡ
衪
һ廪֣ս˹
ȴ룬·Ͻٵˡ
ߣ˫һţӱڻ͵һ᣺Ӵˣɱˡ
û·ӵģˡ
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ļһá
廪һ߹һ߽⿪ڣս
θ硣廪ЦЦ
أ廪ù״ɺԼ˱裬˳ָսѲ豭ϡ
Ȼ͵
䣬žͱƿˣͷ󺹵ĴƽʢȻѾʧһž;ִкǸǸˡ
˵ţȰѰԱߵ¼ϡ
ⲻæġ
ЦŰڰ֣ȻԱߵ£һˮų˿ʲôòõģǺڰˣ˵ӹ̲תˣ
š
ǵóԸˡ̲ס۾ˣ˵ԺһҪء
廪ЦЦû˵
֮ǰ͵ˣˣԱʼ߲ˡ
ǵĲˡԱ̬ȼõ˵ǵͷ뿪˰ᣬ뿪ǰĴš
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û취Ķ࣬ٲõ㣬͸ˡС͵
Ǳ廪Ҳ£սչ˫̥һԵֵģȳ극Ҳɢˣ˴¥¥ߣ˾Ϳſڵء
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ɫһ漴Цʧұ졣
ƫŮ˼һԼؼҺҰֽȥɡ
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ûǰôˡ
š
廪ǰдű棺£Ҳͬ
սһ٣֪ΪҲ뵽칫ɳȥó׹˾ˣ칫һɳ˵ӣġӻ
ӻǣ廪Цһ⣬ӣǱߵĹаˡ
սƤѩࡣ
ӣԭϣ
廪һ٣Ŀһۣ㶮ûͦࡣ
սƳһֲۣɵӡ
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ѵǲܾܾȾô
ܾˣЩͨҲ
廪ϸֱףǹʲôȱչ۱ˣԵͼ۸ԭϸ߼룬ͼ۳Ļʧ̫ˣȫǮڹ·
գȾҲĴ
սֻͷۡ
Ȼպ˼ά˼⡣
ˣˣѾע⵽ȾˣǱҲʼоȫʽˡ廪ߵսӸͷǹҶԻ⻹Ǻӵģϴͷỹ˵⣬쵼ЦƵ˵ǧðԳΪʵء
ģսͷϲĿ廪
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֪ôȥ꣬ȫȥɳĮֲ֡
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֪˼ǾãġЩʲôйϵ
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԰˵·ӱˣǮء
սͷڻֽϻȾͼԱ̯һ²ɵл˺þãŴⱾҵһҳȾܣ˳ܣҪܵСǡ
ģһǮȻȤ
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ЦɩӣҪ֣͸־ɽܶɩӴ󳳴ֺȥ־ɺȾȥˣ˵Ҳɣ˺ȵһ룬Ҹһ󣬻ñɩӿˣڿʵˡ
ս壺
ʲô
Ȼԣǹõġ
ãôŲõӣ
ˣЩʦ˵㻹ڣΪʦǵʦ˵һϢ
ţһֱ˼ģǲ֪ʲôá
°
Ҹ˵Ǳ˾ϲЩֲĶ۳ǱҲϲǰ껹˺öಿֲƬʲôаħʬģرˡ
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Ȼ˾ҵŰݷüˡ
սȻʣԺһ˲ŷС
ӡҹ塷Թٵ󵽼ʮĻΡʦһӱĹ¸ˡ
ãܺá
֪ûʲôˡ
ǾǡֲƬ
˵ӣĿֲƬ߳ŵǿƯĹ
˼ƻսһ̶ȥˣ廪ҲæˣææƱ׼ؾǣ˹Ƽ˫ֻ̥Ҫ͸ĸһȥﶼԣΨһ᲻õֻˡ
ϻ𳵵ʱ̲סĺȦ
廪ĬƬ̣ͻȻڣпջġ
ȻսͷҲص˻𳵡
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ֱ𳵻ȥתͷߵ飺ո廪Ļô
ˣ˵пջġ
ͻȻͷȦʪ
á
ð

109 ϴ

صǵһ, սſᡣ
ǵʱ䣬ս˲ƬƽʱСϸҲƬ, ǶĽ־ƬЩսĵزƬ
ϱʱս嶼Ӹĸţһƻѧϰ滭, ʹˣֿʼԶ, 軹ͨİæһλ㲻ϳ, רҵӣҽ̵, زĵĻȡһźרҵĿγ, λձҴСܣŮɹˣˣųֹ, ˵ˣܵ깵ĵطȥ
һҪЩʦ, Ĳûо
ǽļƻ, ǿһ¡
ս彫ӡõĵӷȥ
ÿʦһ, ͷʼ, սǼ˵ҳȥ·һλˣҸ̾ǻĴͳֹտҪû, ǱʹҿҲܡ
ǹƾõʷĻ屦, Ĵͳֹ, Ⱦ, ƽ޻˵ģ˵Ҷ˵ʮ߰ڡžõķչҪô뿼룬ҪôŬѧϰѧȥЩˡ
սԽ˵Խԣص̾˿˵ģЩʷϴ˳ɰǧĶ˵û
Ҳû취°ղ׬Ǯ
ս׵̧ͷѾĿӣЩ겻ǹһϰգ̫ˣгԱӣ˵Ļᣬĸƴ漷ЩȷʵãӰֻڳԱʱ򣬲ŻὲЩ
⻰ģҲʵġ
ƫƫʵȴڼʮúܶ˺ޱȡ
ԡ
ϰǲʲôģӰģģĻĴߺػߣνЩĹ屦һַʽԼȥҪ¼Ḷ́¼ɱϣ´УպǹҷˣЩգһϣܹȥС
ս˵λʱһ̾һҡͷģǿĵӣ˲ͬĿƵġ
Ȼսˡ
ȺϻʦǷĿӣ¶˷ܵɫһڹĻзĶˡ
ǰСʦ˵Ҳǵĵ֮ԡ
СʦôͲҽˣû书ҲǹҴǧĻô
㣬ˣҲû˵Сʦ岻ѽʲô
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ЩڵʡûЩɺھǵʱˣҲˣ˵ɺˣԲԲһȦɼߵǿ
ԲԲսһĺͽɺ˵ʱζıסĲӣһ˯
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ԲԲսָ࣬ҲȤҪСƳͺˣҿ̫һȥ档
СʱŴԺľɩȥΧ, ֶСţһ, һźӣϻ, ǳ, ҲرʺߵĵΡ
ֳҲƲѽɺԲԲͷ
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սʱԲԲЦͣ
ȵ˾Ժһ, Ϳ̫̫վࡣ
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ٿǮ٣ԲԲ˵ϰõͨС٣Ըڵ̼ңȴǰޱȵݳƷԲԲ֪ǣݵ༶С٣Ѿίȥ򣬼۸Ҳ
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ԲԲָЦЦ
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սͳ˲ӣȻȥˮϴ֣ſʼë
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սΣֻȥϴ˸衣
ϴĸоﵽⶼˬˣеľͤյİë˵ʵڵģҪǾԺũСԺĸо
˻·Ľɺˡ
ֽİ緹ɨԺӣսҲźæ˻˺üʵ̫ˣŻܴ˯ɴȥ˯
սסķ˴ûһ˯ˡ
ԲԲԭҵģûˣЬĵսߣһҲ˯ˡ
緹ս𴲣Ϳĳ档
һ٣̲ס̾˿üϲõ˼֣Ⱦϵǡ
ǲԷģܵľԱȥʳˣܣŪˣټϾպõ÷һٳԵĺ⡣
緹ս忪ʼԲԲΡ
һֱ˰ܲŻˡ
̨ļλԶٷ˵ս廹˵̨˹˵ȾϢҲ鵽˵㣬Ȼϸ㡣
лл硣
սæͷ
ֻ֪Ⱦģȴ֪ȾʲôλãڵʡȴҲųڱλã˵Ҳͦҵġ
лһˡ
ЦЦԱߵԲԲһˣԵ߲ˡ
ԲԲͣͽ޺޵Ľš
ɺԱߣԲԲҨԲԲȵ
ԲԲҲû˵ʲôԹԵİˡ
ս忴ǵĻźһˣȴΧźӣɺĶӶûС
˵׳ûɰ
սסȥ˾дԲԲŷҪһȥû취඼ȥһסˡ
ԲԲ˯ˣսʵͽɺô°ҿôûʲô
æ
̾
ˣɺһĶԲԲ˼ڹϣҲأҪһˣﲻһƬôȴ˵ܺãǰЩʱ˳ȥߣŶ̸ˡ
ƵĴӡ
ս죬ʵڸ㲻ôģҲˣɴ˯
ڶ죬ܴսȥߣһ·ϣЩʿѵϵĺͣĵս̲סĸ̾治ɰˡ
Ҫô˵϶ܸˡ
ЦЦˣô뵽ȥȾʦ
µӰȾģǵðոȥɱΪһʱ͸ˡ
⵹ǡ
ܱ֣νɽҪˣ
⡭һ治֪ҶһƬϤ
ǾһŰɣȻ٣ҲȷʵȽϸӣ͵ˡ
һ仰Ͱˡ
ʱ򣬾˺üųͽɺæ緹սҲøɿţȥæժ㶹ǣϴƹϻǿԵģ໹ְŵģûͱϳˡ
սӣȣһء
ٶȣ극ǵö̲ס²ۡ
ս塮ߡһӾͲҡ
Ȼ㣬褴ƸǣһԸһԸѹӶս廹ڸǰ̶ţŸɶѽϽ𿪣¶
ս壺
湻ʵġ
ˡսתȥԲԲС١
սǰҲѧСٵģҲͿ˼ӣǱ׼֤ѡ֣֮ǰھǵʱԲԲѧʱҲ֣Ҫ˵ǿ϶ûУӣɱ
ԲԲڱӣЩץԲԲС١
ԲԲ
ʲô
㡣
ԲԲ죬ɲ
ɴ˼ֱӿ
СƽʱϰȫͬĻԺ
ԲԲſˡɺһŹǷˮһ߲ʵ
ţˣܲô
ûͱͱ֦ߵļԺд̨ģоºӴƵģһջһ߸̾ܰȥʱݵĲУ˵ӸڵӶ࣬׶ƵģͰһԵģȵģõģǾĵģѧʦѧСѧ˶òãġ
ɺšһǹ˹۵Ⱦϲ⣬æˡ
ԺͷߵĴװ˸վԺſڣСٵæסš
Ӵأ
ء
ͦġˡǺǡЦܵļ򣺡ѺͻȥͶˡ
Ҳôáܵͷýż˲档
ҲƢԺãȻĻɲֿƺĶã˵ΰҲӣúھǵˣǱ߶߶һߵʦбҵѧˣܵܵϱǴѧɡһ˵Ӹ̾úھǶͱԺӿϴѧù֪ɶв飬ģûиǰҪ
һ˵һźҪҶܾѧȥҹĶ͡˵ţĨ˰
ܡšһ˼ĿԺŵķ
磬ܾ˻սǵѡֺ͵̨˳˷̨ǼԱ֪սıȻôӲˣ֮ǰŵģ˵Ϣλʦĳ˶Щˡ
̬ܶȻǺº͵ģЩ˿
Ҳ֮ǰ鵽ĹȾϢǣսһʱͷˡ
ǭʡ
ܿЩš
սһסԴֱ֪ӱǭʡȥˣ񻹵𳵡
ͳ
ҧҧٺҲûˡ
̨˽ӹֽۣҲЩͷˡ
սһ˻𳵣ܰŵֱӿȥǭʡǱߵĻվϣΪӦԲԲؾǣսʱܽţ˻𳵺ûֱͣӸžɽȥˡ
ҪȥǸկҲûôط߳һ·վ㣬ûë
˰ɽӰʦҲûȥˣ޲ĽŲõ
ԱһСʿæܿճһֻĸ첲
ˣ
ǵ̨Ψˡ
Сʿ
аɣСʿڻŲӯǰܣûһСӣһһҼ͸ɽսϴ£ڣſڶܲ͸ģͷϴר۵ɴñ²ȵѥνǰʵʵ
ЩʿҲɽر࣬С
ʡʿϰֻЯҩ
ɽһҹƼۿˣҲ˲ɶˣֱſ˼Сʿϣ˼СʿӶˣһֱŵկͷ
կӵһɲǣ˵Ƽˣս嶼ޡ
կ̴սһˣߴ˵һͨ˵ֱΣҲû
Կأս˰죬һСѧʦķ룬ʦǱӣ̲ס˵
ʵһһ·ܽģûôѣԶ˵㡣
仰һսֻ
찡ôͲأ
կ̹վĿȣ֡
ǰЩͨѶԱѯȾ飬կǲͬģͨѶԱ˵ǵ̨ȾӰ͵Ĺȥýկͬˡ
ʦ۾˵ʱġ
սЩĿ
ʦЦЦǴͷ˸кģկɽѧ̫ˣҾͻʦˡ
սԣʱȻ𾴡
ʶ˻ܻصԼļ磬һʦĺ˾塣
ҲΪЩʦɨäҵô˳
ߵʱຢ͵͵ƿ⿴
ڿսʿЩʿϿǱǹʵģöƤк̲ס㽵񿴹
ŽŵĹ³ġ
ʦЩǵ˵ͷǺߣתˡ
ʮǰսӣʱկүǶȥˣ٣˵˶࣬ЩүǶĺӶ󵱵ˣСһģЩ³ġ
սֻñġ
ֲôӸոսկҪôϵĲܶҪôʮӣկʮģֻȼ
ǰ浽ˣ𻨴õġ
ʦָָǰɽϵһľʷӣǾǽ𻨴ļң𻨴˵ûˣʿկصġ
ս忴¥ȻŸʦȥ
կ̨֣ƽأǰս廹׷˺һ׷ϡ

112 ӹ

, 𻨶
կߵ·ڣͳɤӺһߺһ߹, ̤һϸС·, Ƚˡ
ս, С·, ұǲ˵, Ƕ£Щ¡
Ƽ, ߰ɡ
սæ, һסƼ֡
ƼҲƤӽӲһסս֣, ŵ, ע¡
ʦԱ߿, ЩЦկŮ·ʱ򣬶ƽص, ѵÿµģ۾, ӿ˽Ų, ǰ·óλܰȵͨ
կû, ս߹ȥʱѾ̴վſڵĿյϺһ¨ӵŮ˵ˡ
˵ֿѶ
ܿŮ˷¨ӣΧȹ, ת˲ñСŴӸոյСԶˡ
ʦæ͵ȥ, ȥˡ
սæͷ
ʦɴʱսһ½𻨴Ǹ, С˼ͯϱʮףүӾ͸ųɽɽûã𻨴ͷԼУүϢҲ־ټޣŮոǸǽ𻨴Ůڶ
ڶҲࡣ
һֱ֨կͻȻ廰ǻֵ˵˼֡
ǰЩ꣬ɽҪɽڶȥ·ɽûˣֻ˸Ů
սզֻ࣬˵ˣڻˮƵģൽĵˡ
ԱߵƼѾ̲סĺȦˡ
ʦҲ
ڳĬʱһȵ
սͷͿһŵ½ż򵥻ѵŮǣţվڲ·ڣ˦˦ӣȥţȥ
Gȥɡʦ˻֡
Ůţɽµķȥһ·ߣһ·裬쳣༫ˣҲöˣ׻ָʦ̲סĴŮıӰһƬ
ڶŮƶ䡣
ŶǸ·ʱû˵ĿСѾͷ
ֹ˼ӣſڶŽ𻨴ˡ
𻨴￴ųͷȴڶǣţһֱСɿ֣߽ˣ𻨴ſǻһԡ
ʦӽͣկ𻨴˵ء
𻨴ｫĳͷڶȻתƿţ˸Ķڶ˳ͷæͻˮʦΪ룬ڽ𻨴Աߡ
˼ң˵կȾõġ
𻨴öͨģֻǲ˵ѣһæ֡
˵կȾĸŮ٣˵õģǶԼջŵġ
սͷһȾọ̈̄ǰĸ¼Ƭ
ķʦԣ۾ˣϵĻû취ˣˣʱ۾ˡ˵ǲϵĻڶ
䣬𻨴ط˸ӳս
ڶ㻭ĻԿ
ʦĽͣսŷܶ࣬һЩͼ뻨֮ĶĻһص
ֻһۣսͿʼֻ档
ͼĸǸͼҪôģ⻨ʺϵٵҪЩկӵԶͼƬ
սһһŵķš
ڷһҳȻϲӣǾסկҴȥô
𻨴æͷ
սоһ²ӣϾסկļկҵģɽŴŴڣڹúֵܴ˩ţսֻ̧̧ͷſ˻ȥȵսǵʿʱ

ڹȻ겻ⲽ
ʡıǼѪӢֻۣܵвȻҪвһ߹ȥͷ빷ӣսôĿǹˣ뵽ǽȥˡ
սĿɿڴֻ⻭ʵõĺܡ
ͷһؼСôء
һʦ̲סĴյȥruaһ¹ͷǵװȮǰǺկһɽԵģ׵ĺܣС̶Ŵԡ
ôĹ١ƼҲеûӡ
ǸֻͣëĸղƵġ
ͣƼȵļУӴǹټ˰˵ǰǹ׼
ս죬üһǹɳˣ죬ϴС
Ǻù϶û
Ƽ֣үϲ͡
ս壺
˵ģȹʿ̻͵ĹսֻͣȻ˾ͺڣ
սƼүүʿ
֡ô
˵Żأʹ˺
̡֥
ʦɫһ䣬תͳȥ
սƼһۣҲææȥˣȻͿһͷİ׷˱һСʿޣһ߿һߴСʿؿڣߴһķԣСʿҲֻš
ޣʦһѡ
սæܹȥæסǸ֥̣ɱ֥ͦȴǲСսʦӲû
ս峯ʦ󺰣˵ʲôѽ
֥̰Сͬ־ϳɷˡ
ս壺
ⶼʲô¶Ƽæ
ŶˡԭصƼ̳æ
˾ţ֮Ű˷ֿ֥һƨڵϣؿھͿʼޣս忴ƣɫˣ˵ⲻҪɶɡ
ɤӶã̸֥߿Ŀһ˲ٵɻŶҳͷ
ʱϰ೤ŴɽҰˣⳡҲˡ
ⶼô°
ʦͳ֥̲ᣬϸİοţ˺һƺЩʦֿʼ˵ʦЦһ֥˵Сͬ־ȥ̵ɷ򳤵һģһһʱ顭
Сʿһʱһ𣺡ԥʡģүСʱǵҵţĶһûԾԲλ̵֥ɷ
֥Ҳ侲ˡ
ᣬææ˼ңһһСˣһƬ
˵Сʿȷʵ
֥̿СʿֿƬ̲סĿָ˵ǷԣսȴĪˣʮˣҲֿˡ
Сʿ֥֣Ȼ֪룬ȴǰı
կ˼ҲʼĨᡣ
սŷ֣կ棬͵ˣŮˣһ໥ţȦˣ𻨴ҲȺ棬Ůڶͷʹޡ
ͷһƼҲǿ޵ϡﻩ
˭֪ʮǰЩȥʲôȥˣһ̣սֻЩŮˣرΰ
̧кʦˣЩЩƬҪãȻȥϴƬһݻ
ʦͷ̷ȥ֪ͨˡ
ڶһ磬սʹʦ棬ǰС㳡ϵš
һǼ˵ģ˻ͳΣʮ־ı˹ϵȫȾĲϣĻƣ棬ɽּͼΣÿϵĻƶ仯
е˼ҴģԼҲ˲Ƭе˼ʵģԱ߿Լ̫̫ŵգ֥СʿƬƬϣСʿߣЦҸС
𻨴Ǻڶƶһĵġ
ƶûΣֻ˻ȴҲഺƯ
ƶɼرãҪϸУܿܿϴѧʦһ߿һ߸ֻ̾жʡͰ̣Ѿ׼ũˣ᲻ӡ
ս죬Ǹڶƶû˵
ʦһۣЩʧ
һʼĺ䶯սǾͿʼ㣬𻨴￪ʼŮڶȾպڲڶã𻨴ﻹǸկϻ
̫̫Ҳע£Խ𻨴Ｘ첻ˣּˡ
ȻͼͿʼȾ
׼õģȻˣͰѲŽ￪ʼ裬Ҫø죬ȥϴɹȻٷ˷ΣˮУɣܳ͡
𻨴ļرá
ô׸壬Ϳʼֿر
ɹǼ죬үҲرӣɹ㣬ȡ˲ʱ䣬ڼսȥɹȾǣƶ䣬飬ʯͷϿ
̫¿飬۾á
ս߹ȥԱߡ
ͣǿ档ƶ̽ϣЩߣġ
ʦ˵ĳɼܺãϸеĻ˵ܿϴѧ
ƶ죺Ҷ鲻УĺܣѾˡ
һԸԸѧϰһǿĳģҾǴѧǰձҵġսŵʯͷʦ˵Ϊ̺ĸײŲԸȥô
ƶ䴹ͷ˵ˡ
ӣ岻ãִˣûˣҵչǡ
ϲʲô
ƶһ¡
ܶѧ׼ѧʲôרҵ
ƶʶĻһ£ȻЩ͵ĻشܣǮġ
ֻҪѧѧʲôǮֻϲʲô
ҡƶһʱЩãȻϲʲôԼҲ֪˺һЩɵĿڣ裿
Ҹ˵ʱ򳪸裬˵ʱҲ볪裬Ӧϲİɡ
սתԱ߳һ֦Ǿ׼ȾĶƬǰ쿴̵գüֱ似̺һȥǣʱĸףԸһȥô
ƶʱ˵ϡ
ʱУȥɽ·̫ˣʹˣԲġ
ҴʮǱҲܰȥЩܣֻ˵벻ȥ
ƶ򴽣ָ߬߬
룡
شĺܼᶨ߳ɽɽȥ磬׬ܶܶǮһֱӵˮ·ҡ˵˵žͿˣҪܳȥҰְ֡
ս۵ĺ󱳣ˡ
ƶסһȥʹȥǣһȥⱲӣԸȥһ졭š
˵Ѿ
սûӴЩʿֱկӣŸܵǿҵķΧ
һս˯òãҹʼд籾һֱͣ˱ʣҲ˯ˣɴվԺһʵĿ
쳹״ˣկһ¾ȥš
ս£ЩήңȻկ𻨡ȻһߴﹾĻ
ս߹ȥһŷֽ𻨴վſڣ׵ͷ϶¶ˮ
ս壬̲֣óǼѫ£һЩɵʿ֤
ңҪȥ
ʱѧͨܲ׼ȴܼᶨ
Ⱦ졣
սֽӹǲȻصĵͷ
ȾӿʼҪʮ죬ʱʵǽȾһϣɫɺֻɫǳЩȵȥʱʦٴνıˣʿȥɽһݣսдһ籾ĿͷƼƼѧͷ紩÷ɻȾָס
կǸ𣬳ŵһƬսһ˲ŴŽ𻨴һȥһģĻʦ
ҪΪʦʵڲģ׼ǰһӰٻկ
ȥߵһ·ͽߣɽʱ䣬·΢õ㣬Ҳ£ĥսһƢûˣ׵˳ڣˣս˳ͺƼ̱һȥˡ
ڶƶˣĶ棬𻨴һʼԼ·ͷļȫǿġ
˾ÿҲû𳵣ֱʡķʻȥ
·ʮСӣȫʮ㣬ټǾ;дܿģ˵ͦɵġ
һֱµ׵ʱ򣬲Żص˾
𻨴ǰдսȥ˼Ժ
ԲԲˡ
ɺԸµȥæչ˽𻨴ʦʦְͬҵ˺ܿϤˣȻҲʦƶɼõ顣
ƶϳУҪ𴲣Сʱɽ·һկѧʱ˶ˡ
Ȼ󣬾һü˵дܡ
Ҫ֪ʦˣҶΪ⺢ӿʦˡ඼̲סֹ
ս嵹Ǿãɺֻǵƶѡ
ҡ
Щ̫ˡ
ɺս˵ƶѧ£̲ס꣺˵˲ЦӡУѧУƣҲнҲٳġ
һ˵һҡͷƶǵСѧʦ˸顣
ʵ̫ªˡ
ս嵹ǲ֣ǹҺܶƫԶĺӣ¶أⶼõˡ̾˿вʦСѧûҵֻʶ֣Ẕ̌Ͻ̨ˡ
ɺɵˡ
ǲʳ˼̻Ůǲ֪伲ĴС㣬ʮƽ٣ǼҲʮ꣬ɺڵũĺҲҪȥɨäģҲиªĴṩǵġ
ǡ󡭡
ɺֻ֣ƶȣ֮ǰ֮࣬Ĳֵһᡣ
ס̾һ
ӹ֮
Ҿӹˡ

113 ս

ΪŻص̨, ̨˻Ʊؾȥˡ
ǰӰʦű̾ϻư, ᲻, û취˭ǧĶһ, ټĵ̨, Ǹء
⻰˵, ֱģᡣ
ս嶼, Ѱ˼ţҵ̨ôôôĵ̨, ̨
Ҳ֪Щ۲, ô, һ̶Ϣ˰ɡ
ӰʦǶ̾š
ǫ̂, ֻ̨Ҳ̫˰ɣǫ̂أⷽ治ǺܶĽɺЩãȻʵ
Ӱʦ࿴һۣΪ򰡣ⶼǽڵģһ̨ҪüأȽģҪȽġ
ʮ򡣡˽м۵սա
Թ, ôǮھüԺˡɺʱԱŲ˸°ˡ
ֵ̨Ǯˡ
ӰʦӰ, ȱӻСء
Ϊ̨, սһǻȥ, ·̨¡
ȵ̨, սڼԺ죬˲ٹǰսսĿϿģԺ£һ̨ˮĴֽˢɾˣˮƬ濿ȶš
ɵĹQֲ඼Եö
˵ԲԲˣֱӳˡ
ǿǸöܲǸȥվʱ̨ԣ̲ס
̣ҪĻǻؾˣ꽭ɺ͹ˣʱҲҪء
սæֹ
Ҳǡ
Ŵͷ
˸٣ȥվС
뿪ǰǣԲԲС֣Ͷ֮һ˼ĶԻ
ѡĻѡѡŽɺ̣˵󣬾ЩԾæһ䣺׻ؼңһ㽭ɺ̽顣
ԲԲͷ֣ýżŵذ岻˵
˵ѽ
廪ЩεѵñӣץץԼİ硣
Ը˵ľǶıֳ̧ˣ׶ӣԼǷ˵׶ӣζ²֡
ػⲽû취
ͷսƽԲԲ˵ӣ߻ԲԲǰ¡
ԲԲڰְ߿ô
ԲԲͷ
ǽ٣㽭ɺˣЩүү˵ĻҲ˶ô
ԲԲεͷЩˡ
ε˲ӣɺˣЩүүǣŰְֵļе˵öˣ飬Ҳȫȫ顯е˵ֲòӦ˾ýأһءе˵ǵǺϲѽеӣ˵ҪˣԲԲôȵȡ
ѾˣǸСѧˣǸµСкˡ
Щүү˵Ļʲô˼
˶ϣְ顣
̫Ҳֻн˻飬ӲŸҽصְְֲ֣ܸõı߽ϰգֻԼһֱܲ˶ѡ
ô죬ͽɺദš
ɺ̺ܺãᣬֻǡ޷衣
Ҳ衣
ԲԲ죬ί
衣
ȻѾȥҲ裬ңһҪĻ衣
ܶǣĿĿԲԲ
ԲԲҲ£ֱֱĿ˻ȥ
֪ԲԲСС̫ˣǵϱսһһĽӣǾڰеԺǽɺֵ̫ˡ
ô
ԲԲСĿô
Ȼԡ
̧ͷֻҪ룬Ҿȥ˵
ǽɺ̡
ԲԲҲܲ顣
ԲԲֹյͷûǰź顯
ڶѧȷųٵʱ򵽰ְֽӱڻһ
ԲԲæͷá
ãȥнɺ˵
ԲԲ¶Цݡ
սվڵţܰԲԲԱȥˣҲûע˼׸˵Ǳʵĺãû뵽ʱԲԲģһͺܸ˵ӡ
Ҳ֪˵Щʲô
սҲʣǡû𳵽վոͣսһǣԲԲһŰԲԲͰְ˵ټ
ְټ
ԲԲܻ֣Ȼս弱ææ˻𳵡
Ȳӣ۽ֱ顣
Ǽ켸ҹ·̣Ϊ˶࣬һƱ𻨴ĸŮƼסһ䣬ս໹нɺԲԲסһ䣬һסżǹһʦҪ̽ף˳Żһ̵ʿ
סģҲúİ˽
Ѿ˺üˣˣ𻨴ڶȴͷһأſڴڣĿ̰ĿŴ˵Ӱͻվ
ƶŽɺǰ飬۾Ŀš
Ƽæǰæİŵˮʳȡýܵ顣
ʦǱߣǺͳ˵ҵı仯˵ĵطʦ̲סĺȦսɨäӰͷֵӰʱ򣬸̲סļ
סڴɽ·;̫ңԶҲ̫ŵӰķӳԺܶຢӣ֪ӰʲôҲǰسϸеʱ򣬸ȥӰ
Ҫǿ˵ӰҲܴȥЩӰ׵ġ
Ŷۻˣæο
ʦһˣѾ̲סĨˣͣĵͷһȥһȥ
ǳ׼û
ʦ⻰ô˵ģ
Ϊ⼸Ӱǳѽ
ʦ
ʹ𻨴ô˷ܣپ켸ҹĳ;֮󣬾ҲۿɼήڳĹص
װ²ȵڵʡĲЬʮֵر
ʱס̵ģһЩС쵼֮ģ;ҲȷʵģټϽ𻨴ʵ۵ĺܣ˹졣
𻨴ﵹͦ**ֻϧԲֻͨġ
磬𳵽˾ǻվ
𻨴ڶֺƸϳƵģ̰ĿŴ⡣
һأƶ䶼̲סĸ̾ɰ׶ǲһ
ƶ䣬׶ˡ𻨴Ů̾š
̣ճ˵ˣȥǣ졤š
𻨴︧һֱ߬ĵĲ۵Цݣ뿴㰢ү뿪ǰ˵ˣһҪȫԺ󵽾ǿ죬ֻ㰢үûڽǰ˾ûˡ
۵׺ᣬŴ⽥ľɫˣҾʹ
Ҳǣǰܸһˡ
ƶֱס̡
սǱ߸ԲԲӣɺӸԲԲϣ˯ԺԲԲս屧ž˻𳵣һվڣͿСܺ廪Ǳߵš
ˣ۾һ˹
Сְæණ廪ǰֱӰԲԲӹڻ
̡廪Ⱥ࣬Ȼ̲ס׽סӵ֣ʶ󣺡Щۻ˰ɣҿ㶼ˡ
˵ʱֹסۡ
̲ססģע㰡
Ҷþûˡ廪ίǣսֲš
ԲԲǲ廪ת˸ͷֳ˯ȥ
Һú˯ˣҲԼҶһۣһŤͷȴƶĲ˵Ӷˣʱըˣ̧־廪ǣסֻ֣Ҫˣﻹдء
սæΪ廪˽𻨴Ǽ
廪εһԲԲСƨɣʦͷãճİˣ廪
ãͬ־ʦҲæֺ廪֡
ƶҲŵͷ˵Щ죬Ϊֹȴ󷽣˼ͬ־̺Ͱ趼˵ͨ˵Ҳãĵطҡ
ͨܲҶ廪ЦЦȻͷǣסս֣ȴһǿֱϳɡ
ˣ᳧ֱˡ
Ǹæ˵
һڣ̽Ҳæ˿ڣҲȥˣֱ˻ƱؼȥС
СܣȥλսؼҵĻƱ
ǡ
СվֱӣȻλսЦǽȥɡ
ˣԼƱͳɡʿæܾ
СܸɴǾͽ˻վ
廪ȴǵͣƶڶŽ𻨴ʦԱ߰æͣһüգһɫСγͣš
ˣһǺɫСγ֪ģæʵ
ûУ鿪õģһ̨µġ廪򿪺䣬ȥԱսҲ˺䣬ʦ
𻨴һЩŵıʦҲûö٣Ӳڸʻ
廪𿪳˳Ӵǡ
Сǿ
˽ӻˣסĶأǰǰ󻹲֪أܲһֱסд
սʱЦỊ̇簲źˣǸԺӣһֱûסø𻨴סš
ŷģǾͺãǧ˼סĲˣ˼ұģΪҵ˵ɶö˼Һõ
ţˣ𻨴ڹʵĹʣڶɽԹķζأǾʳֻʦţʦǰװʦһʦǸС˵ʲôʱͲˣȰڶ㰲Žȥȥ
üǳ﹤ôãզ᲻أ
սЦЦ
ǿ˵ᾭ÷չܿǾͻʶʲ⣬СѾͷôãȥСԵɶģɶõǮࡣ
Űɡ
ƶǱߣɺɺ˼ǣȥ
սͷİɣ¶ȥܡ
ս鶼źˣŷαϻ˯ɺڸʻϣ͸Ӿ˯ˣæӽµİ̺ӳСգ̸ϡ
սæԲԲˣֽӹָϡ
ɺӣҪԲԲұɡ
ãʻñ𱧺ӣΣա
ɺתͷȥ
ûлغҶɽֱȥμСԺǵʱԺǴ˩ϵģſڻվڵʿȻˡ
洫˵ĽŲȻžͿˡ
裡X2
ϲȻ󲻹һеһһıסսȣսֱӱ˸򣬲ûˤˣ廪ۼֿ죬һסս
ûﱧԲԲôҪˤô죿
˲ɿ
ûû£ֻǿ̫˶ԲԣǹĶԲԣְ˵ĺܶԣ´οɲܲܲ˵˹ˤ˿ǻ۵ģصĻѪء
Բ衭
һ뵽ѪʱŵæǸ
ǡԲԲҲոһ¸ˣ˫ʵֱ۾
ԲԲǵ
սԲԲԴ
ԲԲˣҲԲԲ磬һ氡
ԲԲ磬úúѽǰģСú򡣡
ô˵磿
ԡ
ͷһסԲԲĽŲӣ̫үүء
ԲԲԺ˵أԺıˡ
廪Ŵǽݡ
ݣװģĿֽ˶ˣףŷ±ֽվ
ǽ𻨴ŮڶŮƶ䡣
սܵ𻨴һʿɽΪµӰ
һʿ鶼һˡ
˸Ȼһס𻨴֣Щˡ
࣬ߺã˵˵㣬ȴǺƽˡ𻨴Ҳס֣ɵӣ˻𳵵ڵţܿĳλ˵ݲ򵥡
˵öԣƽʲôҪɩӿСܣݲ衣
Сæȥˮƿ
죬
ɳǱȥ
սȥ߷˿ӣԲԲѾˣֳһţȻŻصͽɺ˷˷䡣
ȥɣҿžСɺڴߵɳӰ˱
ҳȥæˡ
𻨴ģֻ廪Ӵ϶ǲ񻰵ģš
ͽ𻨴һ˵ſͨһȫǷԣʦƶķ£һ磬ѯ˽𻨴˰յķţ鿴ľԼʿ֤ҵյսѣһǼһ棬ɷھʱĹ¡
𻨴м
廪ٶȿ죬ֱӰ
һ磬μСԺﶼһɱֿܵգһֱսź廪ȥսԺӡ
Ժӣ𻨴ֱԺ̫ˣ̫ˡ
ʦҲǾϲ
˶ãٹ죬կСѧÿѧˣûȥϿΣԵս뿪ڶƶ亰֣صĽھһҪѧϰѧϰصԣΣֻܽˣܰӹá
ƶᶨĵͷڶȻܽţȴǵ˵ͷ
ڶ죬սһ磬ʹǻмȥ죬Ź裬ź𣬽𻨴ž£÷Ժգ㿴û
ˡ
졪

114 

սȼ֮, ռر
Ȼһս˽˵Ƥ廪Ĵ, Ƥˡ
ھڸ𻨴һȾͦ򵥵, 𻨴һӾ˹ʵĴڶҲŽʳá
ΪûѧƶַĲ½𻨺ڶҲܹһڽ𻨴Ǳ, һܵʳðæϴв, ʮֵ͡
ʳиóԵĴʦ, ǸŶʮС
Ը󣬲˵ԭûɶ, ƶȥˣ˵ͶԵ
ƶڶӦĺܺãս˿
ѧǰ, սƶ亰ʦѧת, ѧУҸϵ, ȽѧУҪŬѧУ, Ŭϸва
ллճƶѧ, սһϹ
úѧϰϣԺϴѧѧ
սļ
ƶ, Ҳ̲סЦ, صĵͷ
, ˵ϲô
ţկӵĴСϱ衣ƶĻش
ǵ屾ǸŶյ壬質Ѿıܡ
ᳪСô
ᣬҰ谢Ҳᡣƶʶʲôļӿ
磬һǱ߿ᣬʱСܱѡϣһ׸ʮǮ
ƶ͵һϣʮǮ
ѽôǮǼôܵǮҲûʮ
ԣԽúԼᳪʲôСУϹϰɤӵ˾ѡˡ
úãһúóƶ伤ѵ˵
ϻȥƶͽϢ˽𻨺ڶ
˺ǼʼԽ̵Сǰ׼ƶѧʱó·˳ӲҪƶ䴩ȥ衣
ڶһ磬ƶ䴩ոµļױһ˸Ůķͣͷ̳ƶһͷģȻƯʻᣬȾ£İȹӣСϰ߲ʵĸȣϲŽ𻨴Ь
úúãǼƶϵŮ𻨴￴ƯŮ̲סĨ᣺㰢ֻڣöˡ
ڶҲԱӯͲˣҺúϰ࣬úǮȡƶһλ
ñҲҪߵĲźá
æ׷һ䣺ȦҲֵģ֡
ڶæͷġ
ƶҲǼֻҪһ뵽ѡϾʮǮͳ˶־ǸɶЩӣÿʳõĴʦȥˣŷҪھȥһܼѵ飬ɶҪǮ
ҪٻشɽҲǲԸġ
ճ˵ˣ֮󣬲֪ԼҪʲô
ھ֪ԼҪʲôҪȥҪŬѧϰϴѧΪկӵĽҪկһ·
ƶ̺һ˳
һţͿΧ߶ĴүǣʵĶǴ˸к
ƶÿһڴ̫ĴƣЦǺǵ˵
ǰɣ֮ǰֻϿͷһءһŹȵĴүҲΧ˹
ллүлл̡
ƶŽ𻨴֣һ·ߣһֱȽ˶ţ徻ĴүǻǵıӰֹ˵ҵĹ¡
սһƶ۾ˣÿ
ƶ֣ſ֣ǰתһȦΡ
ǵãǰڵ￴ЩСǣһͷϴģϹҵģϲģ²ȵģȫصΣʱսЩЩСĲӣɴ˿̿ؾƶ䣬־øЩβźá
˵ҪŬԺҴñ
ãúøɡ
սЦЦתҷߣģ飬мĽڣúóҪš
ƶͷԭŵģһнڣЩˡ
ٽҲó
ƶ䶷־۵׷·ȼһѻ
սĿƶ䣬կͿˣͲǸˣ˵Ըⲻϸлկչĸ׺ֻ̣Ҫһ˿ᣬҲɽġ
˻ſڣսƶſڵĵţԼ˽ȥ
ƶϣ˫ȭͣ׼
һֱ˻룬СŴˣƶ䣬ȥɣˡ
á
ƶæվ˳С鿪ž˽ȥ
վſڣ˿Ȼ򶨵ߵսߣһȺϹҺãŮڶƶ䡣
սͷӹƶĻܵλ˵λŮկʱ;裬ĸǳСҲʮֲүүһӣսʿӢҲͳʿ
ǴӸʣǱλõġ
ƶ䣬׼ʲô裿
á
볪ɡս˼Աߵĵϡ
ƶսͷȻ˿ʼݳĺãֽ
ɤ˲
˸۾š
Сһͳˡ
ƶ䷴ЩˣʶĲͷȥսӰսվߵƶվ
ȷʵܲ
Աλһ۾㻹ᳪĸô
ᣬһᳪƷ衷
ˣ
湻ġ
أô
죬ǸôƶǼϿʼðˡ
ԣ㳪
ŹʣǲӲӣůػ
ô
ǰǰսʿأŮԩ
ٻһס
ǸѩǸƮ
һʮףСвٸƶֱͦ˱·ǸǸӾһһǰ⡣
Ǹӡ̲סЦսͷճǸ˲ŵѽ
ʮ壬ʮ֧ʮֵܽһ⺢ӱɤͺãʿսǰǳĸĸ˵
˵ͷ˵ĶԣǾͶˣ
תͷͬš
ˡҲͷ
ͬˣҲλͣڿ˼С
ЦŻͷƶ˵СѾͷǳ˵㻹ûϸأúѧϰȡҵרҵ
սæƶĺ󱳣ллڡ
ллڡ
ЦЦҾȻȥˣڲᣬҲȥСȥ
ãǡ
áֵ̧סսȥ·
·ƶʱ˻̲סƶЦЦ
һֱǼӰʧսŸ˵ĸƶ˵ȳȥɣѾͨˣЩӺúñɤӣȸдˣǾҪ¼ˡ
ƶ伤ĵͷһֱ뿪˻ңʳã˫ϥһ˵˵ϣʱŷ֣ԼӶʪˡ
ΪŮҪݳȾӰOST𻨴ڷˡ
϶Ըȥֻһסڳ
Ϊ׸ͼкܴͬҪڲǦʻҹν𻨴ﶼϰĻ
ڶ𻨺ƶô࣬Ҳ˲Ǯˣһõ뷨ǳԡ
ȿѧƶ䲻ҪѧҵҪÿ쵽裬࣬ڼΪĳɼȻЩϵʱ򣬸ǳ˽ǣ̶̵һ£ݵࡣ
ľȴǼõģÿһͷС¿ͷǰ塣
սȻǿģȴû˵ʲôƶڵ״̬رãֻĿ꣬һǰ
һֱ˽£ŰѸİˣƶҲõȥʦСý̵ˣǡĩӶҪȥѧ֣˳Сܵĳһȥ
ڲֽڣ̶̰£ƶ̥ǵı仯
ɤͺãټϵ㼼ɣ;߱츳¼ʱҲֻ¼ֱӹˡ
𻨴ǱҲ˳սǰǷ֯ģ߶ֱҪõģ𻨴ֻҪϻʦܻĳȾԽȾԽһȾ˼ǧ׵ȾսˮֱδǮ
Щˣѣ𻨴ս˲ֿ⣬ѵȫȾ
ɶѰⶼǾıأúñţպǾʷ֮ս˷ܵĵĨˮ
ѽ
𻨴ʱÿϧˣһ˵ҪѵĻҳƶްأߵĶ䡣
ԣĩˣҴȥٻ̵ȥսæһԴ
ǭʡǱߵ;ǲһ
ԽԽ䣬ҲǸø׼ˡ
òãҳ㲼Լͳɡ𻨴һżֿʼ˵ˡ
û¶ڰٻ̵ˣܱ˵ġ
⻰𻨴˿
Ǽ˵ˣֻǸʣ˵ʲôʱûˣɵʡŵ㻨ƶ䳪˵ҲһٶǮǾǣǮõĺܡ
ս̲סȥһδġɽ
ÿ
ʲôҪҪÿ鲼Ҹ˳ȾϾˡ𻨴ʮˬ˵
УȵӰҪõˣҾòȾ
սͷƬɹŵĲ鼫á
˵⻰أԶԶľͿС˹վϥ磬绰
ģ
ս̧칫ȥ
ǱߵġС˿ս档

սŲһ١
Ǳ߳˸չƵʱ˸صʱ򼸺ھˮˮ״̬ôͻȻ绰ˣ
ɻսذ칫Ҹ˸绰
˼ͽ⣺ģ׼ŪѧϰС飬Ǳȥѧϰһ£ǱأҲŪС飬Ǻһ£ô
ȻǻӭģֻǡǱ׼أߵһ׼
սЩĮ˵
Ѿ㿪ˣӴһѧϰС飬ҪǮˡ
ʲô׼ǶǴӼ߳ģҵĸͱĵλɲһǱ߰ԱʰԷĻǴƱֱӸǱ߳ʳþͳɡ
ô˼ء
Էסᣬʳãսȸոһ㡣
ʲôģǹȥҪǽѧϰֲȥ̽ˣġ
⻰˵ģȻԹ
ս岻֪ģֻһֱٿڡιһսæ˵˵ģֵܵλʱߵ˹ȥǱҲرдҲֻʰųʳþС

Ǳ߱ҭһ¡
УǾ˵ˡ
ȻƽսӲǴҧгݵζ
˵绰սϣָ档
˵ģǰ;δľǱٻûԻʮ꣬ιȺӦöںмȻҲв˳ȥˣǾ˻ˡ
뺣ͬǣƬȻҲжǳɼĲ࣬ʦǼû˳·û취ֻԶѰܹһչĵط
֮ǰûǵһ㡣

Ȼˣ͵һˡ
ս뵽ȥȸġǱߴ˸绰ӲǱ߰Ƭĵ绰Ҫ֣Ȼһһȥ˵绰
Ȼû˵Ǳѧϰ¡
˵ΪƬȻᣬҲΪӰһƬĳԱǵΪڰµ
˵Ƭͦµģһ뵽ǾǱߵ˼ﶼģѰ˼ǲзֶӰ˼
⼸꣬Ǹ㶯Ӱ÷ˮģʱǵ˵Ӱѹ̧ͷ֮ǰ¡ӳʱ򣬾νǽ˸磬ֱӸˣͷǺʵӰڣǿϼѡ
Ƭ˵Ҫ鳤һٸ𸴡תͷȴֱӸƬ˵绰֪ԷҲӵ绰󣬸ﶼĥˡ
ȥɣ©ʲôҪϢ
ȥɣͲӣһȥһǮ黨ʵǲġ
ֻǣϢ֪Ǽ˸ͷҧҧȥҪȥҲû·ˣ˵νᣬܸһЩ
ǣһУƬˡ
սССǸϽȥ¥ʰִѧõܴһŴסˣԡҡʲôģȫɨɾˣֻ
æˣսŰСǼ
ǳȱʦ֪İɡ
һȺˣ϶źȦͷ֪֪
һΣƻܶĻʦ¼ͿˣǶû˯ݾˡ
С۾һ
˼ǣ
ս¶ĪЦݣÿƬǾԻʦôõģˣȥгЩ԰룬ڸǳ
֤񣡡
ѧͽǸӵˡ
ѧͽ䵽ʦ֣ɮ٣ѧͽ࣬ʦôһ࣬õĹעȻˣҪǻʦˣ˵һ˷һʦǺúѧԺҲĳʦԼıӡ
ЩӣǿʦǻҪʲôĹ£ѴĲݸ壬ֻųʦܶһ졣
ǣڼĺӵˡ
Сȥӣ˾Ӳĥ˸ֱͣһѺӵ˶ˡ
ɫʲôأ
Ȼ¥԰ʽǰԺˡ
ԶԶģû³أϵĻʦǾͲİԴ˳ȥĿƵĿǴ¥
Ĵ¥ѽ
Ǻˣ

115 ڴ

ͳȵͣھſڵˮϡ
Ľ, ԼıӺƷӳ
Ҳ֪ǲս绰Ǿ䡮ǵ˹ȥҲסᣬʳáѶԷ, ֮Ǳ߸Ƶģر𳹵ס
ս˿ľ, ſĺͶԷ֡
¥ǰʰ, ͵ˡ
ϵЦݽһ¡
úãֱӹȥˡ
ɿ֣սĸ첲ǾĳӵµģžǲһǺܱȰ
ӴǱȸʸ
սҲգֻݸЦЦ
ʵҲûɶ, ͻ˵ǳĴѣҪǳӵĻʦ, þǵļңԼļҪƯ˲С
˵Ż, ͽ˵һš
ǰϦ£԰ͣͥԺ, ԭдеľɫױĸԱߵܻ, ƱڳϷһŴˮ, ѽѽĺò֡
ԭ̫С㳡ϱսСǰĻռˡ
ȺҲ, ɴ໻˸, ΧŻƵŽ
˸С㳡һС԰үʯ壬Ա߶üүΧſ
⡭Ǹ԰ЩɻĿս壬ƺףΪʲôսҪ԰
սʱʧЦĶǳԺӣΪ⿪ţֿѧЩү棬ԼĻ˶
˵ţǴȡ
ճǽӵˣϷүһ˦ˮʵ
ţүǲ㡣սЦеӦһ
٣ſûǾСӾ񡣡үһ仰˵ĺģ˵ǲǾˣǶһžİ
СǸСӣձͿűȾĴ
սЦɫȴһүȽȥˡ
GG
˼λүսŽźᴩǰԺС԰˶ţǱһڵѲߣֻһǶ
ȽŽϽŹϣȫߡ
ﶼһ˳ӣѾܾˡ
û뵽ƹм¥ߣͿһ¥ߵ¥ǽڵ°ǻɫϰĻɫɫͬһСʦĳͼ
ʣɫȡǡԻ͡г
⾩С˼ͦడ
һս¥ţȻͿʮüСһѷӿͬ־ǣӭ
Ұ
Ů¥ŮҺߡ
ͬ־ǻأͱŵװףֻսվڴЩˣʰˣҲԷغͬ־ǣһ·Ҳˡ
򴽡
ʵҲ˰
֮ǰЩ˵ЩҪ˰ɣܾǿбȽϣ˵ĻԼ
ǰǵϢǾ͵ʽʼˡ۾
ս年¶ص΢Цżô˵Ҳøλͬ־ܵǾŶԡӿӣƬ鶼Ҫʱһźá
ӣƬ
ǰ˺أⶼæͷˣȻ˽Ҫԡ
ʱǸڰ
ΪƬզ˵ͷҲǰ
ʧˡ
Ǿĳ̫ƻˣ
ӵķǵ˼䣬һһĸߵʹر̺ˣ涼ܸоԣԱһźܴŻרõֽīˮԱһϴܣ´ɵ裬滹ë
䲻ܴȴ
Сڵİæú˶սûȥʳǱߣôʦǿʼˣҪǳȺķˡ
СŽŵʳõʱʳѾһ˵ķˡ
ʳõ컨ϻǰԳǵĸͼͬеһ̤ʳõһ㣬Ҳо𺳣ֳоԼͷĸоŶ̲סͷ컨塣
ŵȿأͿոհӵСǼҴҵŷ˽
ۣкء
ҲпǺŹǡ
ٺ٣ǶˣϿڶһӣء
㣿
һڵɴ˫ۡ
˵ҲʽɳʳÿټȵģʳþȻ㣿
Ľˮ
ȴڲ򿪣Եζһڲ棬Ŵʦһ
˶
Ҳ˲ˣæŷгȥŶӡ
һԵǽһ㡣
ȳΪ°ˣȴû뵽Сϴ극У͸űӣһ·СܵĵԱߵۺ¥ȥһ·ϻкһȥ
ĪĸһܣȻͿϻʦվڽ̨ϣʼѧͽǽΡ
ʲôԶʲôʵ
һֱϵˣ˿Ρ
ϴ裬˴ϣȺ˲ʱ俪һ̸ᡣ
⾩Ǻоһ
ǰãƯҪǣʳõĻʳáԻ뵽ʳõ㣬̲סһ¿ˮ
ȥȥȥ˭˵Щˣ˵ǸѧͽϿε¡

ҾͦðǳӰʱæĶû˯ٿ˼ңҪĳѧͽˣֻҪרĻҪɫˣЩѧͽҲѽ
⻰󣬶ʱһƬĬ
ô˵һֱġ̻ͽܣʦĹֲǵԺС
Ҫ֪ڶӰͲӣҪܻ˶ˣԺ͸ǿô
㲻ôġ
ڶ죬žͿʼȫ뵽ĹˣҲ֪ĹһȾƬڿ𻨴ȾЩʱһüˡ
ߣϲ
ԵɹȾʱһģ޲ýЩ϶§ؼȥ
ǲװ
˵սΪȡģɽȥ𻨴̲ס̾
ճҿϻл滭࣬ǴӰô
ӵЦдżʵ
սԣʱһࣺû취ǳʵȱ˵ôǳﲻȱ
ӣ
˵ȱô
ܾô˵ˣճĻ϶
ҪǺжĻʦ͵ǾֻҪ渺ǰȫա
Ȼ
ĵײû˵
ȱǳҲȱأû뵽ܿ滭ࡣ
Ҳ򲻵ѰǳĻʦҲСˣҪǵһĶҪݣ⳧ﻹǵ˶ϲǣ϶ҪӰ˵ģ
ս죬дżư
պǵĶڹܴҲںˡ
ܵȻһƶģ
ƶ˻һڹϴƵġ
ǡ
ô
Щ꣬ԻķɲǾϵģĻϵġ
߸ֺǰͳˣҲͽ꣬ǳŸˣ걨»ӰڵĶܹһʽ
ЩԺˣҪǰ¡
սתƻ⣺ˣϴǵϻʦӺ˵ǳһգǼֽ˵˵Ⱦ
ӣ
ʲô׻ˣ
ŤŤĺս彻һ¹ڼֽǱߣĻʦټѣҲЩΡ
Ҫ֪ǰϻʦǻ첻ȥˣŻܵ·գȴǹڣˣ˴ֵѧͽĽˡ
ʲôѧͽǽл滭ûĻ
ϻʦǷ˸ۡ
µ
ǣǳصйϵӣǱ¿ӣõıҲһϻʦӶʱֱ˲٣Ǹ޵ćNɪǳһɡ
һȺֱᣬȺ˵ܺŻˮˡ
ʮӶʮ
ˮתֵǶžˮˡ
ںȭ̬еʱƬҲˣôȥվӵģȺ˺;ĺ˲ͬü˼ǳį
ڿǱ־ԵĴ¥ʱ
˵𾪣˵һڴ
ڴšгͷһ졣

116 

ϲӰƬһʦ
ʵ˵, ϲӰƬչǰǳãѾĺӰϲӰǳӰ, ӰƬ⣬Ӱҵĵɽ
ǣ
ϲӰٺãҲûϵ
Ӱĵٺ, Ʊٸ, ϲ, Ҳڲʵʵ, ̼ǵüǰӰڼŵ֮ǰ, ƽˮɨäϵжʱǶôĸ, ΪԼҲӭ졣
ۿžӰӰһĳ, ǳȴһûС
ǽ, εȥҳӦ⡣
ڳ̫ʱͻȻһ, ӰΪǵĶƬʦǼͶ˺, Ƕ˵, ֱһصĴ
ߵ·, ΪϢתİ칫ҡ
˵ģǴκǾЩ, ϻʦ, ԼһӵϻƸ, ׼ڳԵ쵽Ϊֹˡ
ϻʦʹˣûƴˡ
ȺĻʦȴǲϷ룬лм顣
ʱǼȼǾˮһա
һε룬ȴôʵ
ȺʦԼͼ˵ڴԼ׼˺ܾõĻĿܹĳеĻóλãԱӵģҲĸԸ
΢ڴָӭǵ˾š
ǳȥ￪ˣҪӭӵġ
һǰ·һΪȺ˽͵ǳС԰ƽʱϰˣӻҪϢһ£ͿԵȺȲ裬ɶģϺͰʱ򣬻ΧĴүǹƱϷ̫ٶǲԶѧϽڣʱʲôȥѯҲɶġ
ǳҵĻܸܵģзɵĻ԰ʱϽָүүNPCΪɻ
˶ţǳﰲλӵľﶼǰڲǼӱ
԰ȫбϣúС͵Сġ
ƿ¥ȥ¥¥֮ǰͬ־ѾסȥˣŮͬ־¥ͬ־һ¥ֱ޹ܣҲװ˵绰ǵȻúˣԸȥ绰ƽ
ʣԳԱмҵĸо
һܸﱨƽȺһ·϶ܳĬԱǸ϶Цݡ
̫ˣû뵽¥Ȼе绰Աߵһг·Ůͬ־̲ס̾
ԣص̾˿
һƵһ̯ʲôãôõûסޣҪǹ¥ء

˶ˡ
ôõôûסأ·̲סʵ
û취ǳϻʦľͷ˷ӣǵء
ַӣ
ֵķֱӰȺĸˡ
Щĸɿһ
û˵ѣô˵ֻûܡ
սͻƨǱͷ˷ġ൱ֱ׳
ǴӾӰֳƬ󣬵ָǵķӣҲһ˾ߣϸ˵һԱǷ˷ģֻӲǾֵģǾӰֵġ
սȻô˵϶Ƕ˼ġ
ĳеģǾҲС
ûеλպҲһеġ
ǽȥɡתǽ¥š
СȺʱͬ־ͬ־Ůͬ־Ůͬ־ܿͰǸ
һ·ϣ־ߵͬǻﻰĴ顣
ûֹΪҲܸȤ
СǼǽսģȻ֪޲ԣ޲ǿҵİеģպ̳רС㣬Ͳһ䡮ףְĻǾͰµĴ̈́ӴĻ
СǼȺҲ˽˾
ǲͬģ
СĽܣͷǿҡ
˵Ƭ飬·нľˣôһֱ׳꣬Ǹոճ꣬˵ˣϣ룬ųľƽ̹δ
ֵĵ׺ܼ
ã˵ܹĻһǾĳˡ
ս岢֪ĿڵԼոտᣬŻϺͲһ߳칫ҡ
ǸϺģ˭ЦǺǵġ
˭뵽ոڻϣָŹɲѧԺλԱӴǹ̬ȲҪǲɾֱ̨ռλʬλز͡
һĴѧѾҵˣ䵽ĶҪλ˲ŴҲǿԣЩǰЩʱĸɲĻʸϣԸҲģһ¿ˡ
СհǳæЩʲô˵С
һ칫Ҿȥݲ衣
Ͼս峤ھǱ࣬ٵÿݶиҪ˵սųĿˡ
ĶⲻǵġСʦ塷ͦɹҾһЩǹĻĵӰ͵չȥսӹĲ裬С˵лл
˸̣રડĳš
ҪǵĶĽ
Ȼ³飬ѰǱ߻еϣӣŷǱ߾ͼûָˡ
Ҫ˵ĸ￪ţֻܲǽ˼룬ǱĶȥɡ
ս̵ζĬĬŲŲƨɡ
̾˿˵ʵڵģǹҵһЩϴͳʧʷУҶÿϧˣЩǵıôộء
̣ûпս塣
ֻ˫ĿȻĿŴڣȻûдġ
ΪġΪЩϴͳʹģֻȫڸ㾭ãĻ桭
˵ģĵȥЩˣĻԴԶأ֪ٴͳѧȥδЩգǹҶ˴У˼Ǳ߼̳Žиѿء
ս岢Σ˵
δӣǱ߱¨ӾǴʦʦ˿̨ͤ¥󣬹Ҳֻͨˡ
ºݵѱպǲҪģЩĻΪУ˵ԼǷԴǲŸЦء
ȿȿȡ
ǺĿ
һ߿Իһ߿ս壺ڰɡ
ôͲˣǹСʱ˼ҵȻǼƽϣһպǹǿЩƽʱעС飬ͻһˡ
ս̾˿ǰ̫ࡣ
һŭԷ޳ܣһֶԹҵĺӶеʧ
Ƿչͳնʧȥˡ
С
ģսֻҪ붼ߣֻ޲ھͰŵĻͽնˣרȥ
ǸĻģҲԼεȾͺܺãϣĻ˽ӵһݹҲԸͽ
˼һ̾˿Щ˵
ǲҲܼѵģĻвף࣬ܳеͳеЩ
ǹڷĻŲ˵ݱ־
ⷽǻҪٿ۵ģϾһƺضһ׵Ƶƶȳ˵ҵͷеģһٺ쵼һ¡
ݺݵĳ˼ֻ̣ʣƨɣ̻Ҹֱ壬һֽиһģǾǹĻзĿǶֱûбҪٵύĿƻˣǱ߻ҪȥģϾǲҹܡ
սĵ̾˿
˵еʧȴҲ֪һ콨ɵģôڣ͵ͷͬأûô򵥵飬֤ͨԺĻŲӰƬʱɺܶ࣬õعԱİһûֻ֧֣ȥܡ
дͨ棬ǩָ£Ȼ˺ݸս塣
սӹСļļЦһȥòӸ
Ҳ
ڰ֣һὫ֪ͨȥԺֱԼȥˡ
лл֧ǹ
սǸлľ˸
ܲǲΪվμҲŶգھʱ䣬İǲǵģлʮֵϡ
лл
ˣ鷳ҾˣúøҵԼ⾡ԼͷĻӻ֣ţҾͲú
սЦһ
²豭ֱӶȥǸʵмҪ鷳ء

սԶôզϾӲأ
սɫԣˮƿȵİŵ衣
ͷۣ˵ɣϽ˵˵ȥҿͷۡ
ҿɾֱ˵˰
սˮƿ£ʶķŵⲻǳ⼸˸ҳôƬ˵Ӱ鶼ӣɺҲεĽˣƬרŸ㶯ģЩӵ鶼һϣʡ˲Żسȥʡ
㡪
ˣ͵վüͷ㵨ôô󣿡
ս£ôˣ
ǹĴӱƬ˰
սһ£ôˣȻĳͷ˼Ӳš̬ҲǿӲһˣֻҪ˼ұԸ⵽Ҿ͸ҽܣƬҪ֣ҡ
ȥ
˴Ǻ֡
ˣĹ
ѵطƬ鶼ǵԺ˼ҶԷƬҪô죿
Э
ս΢΢üͬ⣬ʳȫټӵѣʱ׼ֳ֤ԼŻ㡣
ˡ
Ͻȥɡƣİڰ֣һ仰˵
ǲͬˣ
Ƴһۣߡ
սʱЦˣȻȥˣӴɶࡣ
˵ļˡ
ڰ칫˺һ̾˿˸绰ȥ
û취ͱ¨ӣô򲹶
ս鼫õĻ˳һȥ׼ȥȺĳԱϾЩպܿܳΪԱΪȥů
˭֪ջذ칫ңͽӵһ벻ĵ绰
ôˣ
ûʲô
绰ͷûɡ
˸ǷͬѧмҪ鷳һˡ
˵ֻҪܰϵģһæ
áһǷҸϵ˾ǵĸУ°ҪȥϸУ鷳æչһˣұһסģͻȻ˼£ó꣬ûʱչһȦҲܰæ

սЩʵǳȥѧǡЩܹ
롣
ŶŶʲôΣյ¾ͺãȥĸң
ͱס
ǸѧУǾܽ㲦סУǰ㣬ÿ¸ʮǮٸǳʳóٷͷѺƱǰˡ
һûӣɼҲۡ
У߿Űˡ
ֻǸСһסĵطͬѧȻȻͬġ
ˣ㿴Ҹ˵һһˣ˵̲סNɪЦѽ¶ô˵ģıȵ⽻ٵĳ磬
ս壺
߻Ҫæҵ绰ˡ
GGһ°
æֹסЦеСŤ˵˵ҼǵҽôרŸ㸾ġ
ţôˣ
ã뿼廪ҽƴѧǡ⺢ӴСиѪëڼ˵Ҳ˵ˣҲˣôֹˣѰ˼ţȷżˣҪǷ㣬źúģϣҽͷ
Ѫ֢뵱ҽ
⺢ôģ
սҲеͷˣ⺢Ӳִֺܹһɡ
¶һţԸĻȻԴȥ
֮ллˣͬѧװ
к˼Ź˵绰ҵ绰սæСȥ¥ŮʰõĶϣá
СǸȫ
˵Ըֱ̫ѣǸ˲š
ս󣺡ǱѾȫˣ⼸캣ǱһֱڰæССĹ£ȾǱʱûǲ֡
ϵһأ
ǻʳأûܡ
һԴ컨壬Ҳ֪оʲô
սͷСǱ鴦ôûкúõĺЩͬ־Ǿ
ȡ
Сеεĳ˳¶һЦСǿ϶ģǰɡ̫ˣŵȺͬ־һˣֻʳôš
˼ʳòΪо컨壬ֻǵĲһᰡ
ˣиĵ鳤һѯϢţƺ
Сʱɣʱ͵͵Ҫˡ
Сæ¶
ˣȥϵĹţѧԺǱߣܲܰ֯һᣬȻˣǸеĻӭỹҪеġ
ȥ졣
Сɫࡣ
š
սһ˵һ߳¥ȾСԺķȥߵһ룬ͻȻʲôˣƶǱҲ˵һ£ʱ̨׸衣
սĥЩȽеĸ裺ʦסͺܲúѧ
֪ˣ
սĵͷ˰֣СȥæԼȥȾСԺ
𻨴Ⱦ
ΪӰʱ̣ԭĻһЩԭЩĽ𻨴ֿʼæµˣԽԽ䣬ϴʱҪˮս廹½𻨴ﶳô

117 

Ⱦɸ, Ϊ¶һߣڻ
һڻһȾֻʧ, Ⱦʧܵӣ˵·ˣˣֻ˷, Դͷе, ǽ𻨴һ˸𣬾ڶ֣ϡ
˵൱ľְ
ȻԱ˸ΪսҲøԱů
ȾСԺ, Ž𻨴ų, վڸױߣŸȾ, սվԱ̽ͷ˿, ֮һ淭š
һĲ
ǣⲻ֮ǰ˵ҪȾĲ, 㻭ġ
𻨴ֽ£ֺ֣Ǻǵˣһӣսߣͷ, 쵽
, и¯, ſˮ
𻨴óɾӣս嵹˱ȿˮȵ㿪ˮɣһһ䣬ůůӡ
лл
սӹ豭Ŀڽ𻨴ϡ
ֱѾеˣǺôȥ˵ˡ
ЩżˣúúñӲУǰЩʱȾЩءս۵ĿŽ𻨴֣֣ȥôá
㣬û¶һ˰ĸǿģǴɽΪڶȥʯͷΪø֣ʱŽпأȾȾùʣҲԼԼӶù֮ǰһ룬ԳæãæҰġ
𻨴ЦǺǵ˵Ż
ս忴Щ΢ƣ⣬Ȼ˿ĳࡣ
Ȼڵ⼫ˡ
ҲֶѽսЩЦá
ɹʱҾͶﲻȥٹˮƿİɣ϶Լ
н𻨴ﱣ֤ս廹Щġ
ȥ·ϣһﳵһʲô취Ȼ뵽һʹˮǾǡ齺ף
ʵϱӣ齺Ӧ̭ĲƷˣϾʱҼһװȻˮȫÿˮͷųˮȵģԽģֻʣ»ʱ򣬲Ż齺ס
˵ȴ
ϵʱս彫齺׵¸廪˵ˡ
齺׵ĻǲҽʱŴô
ôֻһ齺һޣˮ¾УǵĶ̫ˣ𻨴ֻˮ
廪飬һƺڹ˼ô
սͷ׹Ӧеģ
绰ʿ
սʱ˵ߵ߶գ󡯾һڡ
ǵ廪ʱüЦģ־ȥ§Ⱥ˵˳ôֲ֣
ֿ϶ǰֵģд㣬Ҳô¶СǵĹ۲죬Ѿѡôˡ
սԼЩԱ۹⻹Ǻεġ
СǶԼĶλǳǾǻʦ֣ΪһҪʲôȻǸһƢãмĺûʦˡ
ԼʦδܶܶĿЩҲܼȮ죬Ưһʡ
СǶЩʦޣɱսϸˡ
ˣһиᣬȥҶɽѺǽӻסɣʱһȥˣԲԲʦ˵ѧϰĺܲôĿȥ̨顣ս˿ӣƿ
廪ԱŲŲůǺǵλ
ϼ̨Ժȥμӱûôˡ
ս۾ֻСèƵģղ˲廪ĸ첲
㿴Űžͺãж೤ʱ̨
һڰɣҪǽʱ䳤ĻҲܡ
ʱͦģȥӺȥҪ̨úúһ£ʦ˵һ£ʦŸӡ
廪ѾԿ̨ݸҪ׼Щʲôˡ
·ɡ
С
ս뵽ǰ￴Щֻᣬæһ䣺β
ҿɵúúˣˣĶ࣬Ųıı
ˣǱߵĳӲæˣ
Ҳǲæֻ˵̻ˣϻס졣
ˣǸĴТӣǹĲҵôתƻͳ׻عˣǶŸǶȹ
սԣҲ̲ס̾˿Ҳ֪һԶŮʱһ˵ĴǣоҲͦģ˼Ҷ˵ףҲԹôϲ
廪û˵ֻǾĸֱۡ
ս忴һۣҲû˵ֻʣﻹк춹ɡ
ţôˣҪȺ춹ࣿ
ûУ׼𻨴ȷ֣ҿŶۡ
ս嶯˶ӣ廪ٲסˣɴ·˳˵˲һƬڣ伫ˣֻ±ůһƬ
ˣ㻹ǵóô
š
˵ҪҰæչãѪ֢ȴѧҽҸ˵һģܲܰͷ
廪˽첲սķͲ˶ѧҽء
ô
ҽԺԽԽæˡ
ԽԽߣԽԽǮҲԽԽӣǰ̵ССʹҲԸȥҽԺˣҽԺҽ٣ټǰЩ꼯Ÿ飬û˲٣æһ˺޲õʮá
Եи¶˵ͷ϶Ǿ˫˫ŵ޳ɡ
ֻڻ֪պоĻȰѧҽ
ھٺİѧҽȻźҽ飬һߺޣһ߰ҹ飬ǵ͹أÿηżٻȥͿҽŽ̵ʽ
ҽҽѧĳɼ֣඼ǲ
ǳȥ硭˵á
ڰɣѪսЩȵӡ
廪æסҶܽˡ
ҴҴӣôڣѪôˣѧҽҲһҪѪѧҩѧԺȥоרоҩƷҲа
ս壺
ԭҽѧ粻治֪ôרҵ
аɣ¶Ҳֻ˵˵ǺҲû취
廪ЦЦıӣȻԴļѣ˿սҲֱסĲӣźƵģ˾˯˹ȥ
ڶ죬սˬĵ˳
СһĴϻʦȥյϽгܣǱ߾ӦѾܸϲˣµǱ߾ûôˣһ룬ʮ±Ƶĸźܡ
һȺĻˣ
֮ǰٿ࣬Ҳû˶
ϻʦˬϹëȺģһߣһëҲһֻûëͳ˲ͷ˳˲ӡ
ͳʲôķ·𱾾Ǿˡ
ͺһǵܺͶȥһϻʦ
ϻʦ˾ˣԾǶճ˵
סڳ治֪緹ʲô
ҶˣϹʱ򣬸ɳƹǣǽһ㡣С촩űףһŸ̧һ߻ش
Ӽɵӣɵ죺ųԡ
⻰ɲԣ⺢ӻеģܲ˵潳ûʲôǻ»Ǻܲģǰ컹˸ҿͦ˼ġ
Сϻʦ֣൱ڰͽܣɲԸ˵Լͽܲá
ʺ˵ʲôˣ
ϻʦġߡһ˦ͷ뿪ŲҴҵȥ˷оʳȥˡ
ԭվ˼룬ͻȻһĴȣƻ϶
˵꣬Ҳæ嵽ԼķУŲҴҵȥˣ·ͬΪ˵ĽӶԱ˼ʵӳôʲôѽ
۾һеҪһ¡
˵ŵĨˡ
ѼһҪԵСׯʦĲҶ
ʮӺ󣬺ӺϻʦǰķĸҶˣ˼̲֮סˮ
Ա
ܾӵ˾󡭡ˣ
øˡ
Ͱ͵ҧţʦĲҶܾòСׯʦ㡣
̫ƻء
Ҳʿˮ
찡ÿҶ
аͷһһ⡭ʳҲ̫˰ɡ
̲˾Ȼѳԣأǳ쵼ƣ˼ҵĳӸð
ҧСׯʦĲҶӿһԽУȻͱͬ־ùϵбҪƣڲóô
緹һȺϴԼ룬ȻűʼǱȥ
ҲţĶԱججĸźߡ
ȵ˻ңŷǸԴû᳧վڽ̨ǱߣͷԱߵС˵ʲôһֱ˶ˣˣλǰһһ»Ͳ
ȿȣ밲
սԻͲǰЩʱմӵ̨һ׷Ͼɵ豸ֻʮǮν൱Ļˡ
ȳ氲սż˵Һã컹رһء
ЦЦررĶࡣ
ʱЦ
ȣҽܣǾĳҲǾĴʼˣҽս塣
սϹ
ҿԽСգϾڴǰһˣǶ·ϵĺ󱲡
ճĵӰ߳ˣ۴СɾͲһϣճǵǰǡӲǴӳģ˵Ҳһһ׵ġ
սڰ֣ȻˣҲ̸ɾͺ͵ͨͬ¾ͳɡ
ЦˬʣҲŻȻʡ
ʵӸոҾֺοĸоôˣĶˣҴһοĳرˡ
ŻͲ˵ƣ˺ɹѧĳɹʦ
дŹƻ
˲żüõĻ棬ɲ׾ܿģøһպϴǽϣ޲ԼԺǳԼĹվһҲô˲С
⻰һҲһᡣ
ǻװ
ս̾ϢһַŽ̨ƣǵĶУ׷ԲԵϻʦֵ࣬׳Ҳ٣Ψ⳯ˣȴֻǳѧͽ
쵼˵˾ǡӵ̫
ãϣǳǡС
սĿϼˡ
ŬǳڴõĶƷͬʱҲͬʱע˲ŵǿ滭࣬ʦͽְֵĽ̵ΪϻʦгһܹݣؼҰ֣֮Ϊ˻Ĳѡ
ԣЩʵƳӻŸɶϽͶǴĻ
սϵÿһϸźߡ
νҪĿأһأʹҽڶӰǰڶأҲôһܹ˼άײһ£ܼµУأҲϣܸǳӵһѧϰĻᣬѧϰҲԸѧϰԸλʦǧҴŰ
ôء
ӶʱЦ
ԱϻʦƳһۣˣҴģ˾Ի˽
һǻѪ
ĵһһ¾ڶͺʵˣھڲ
ܶǱ߽չеˣҪ
ܶվɫĵͷҽȥһߡ
ţΣǱߡˮ졷ĵһСڿԿʼˣͬ־ѾһֵȾˡ
վǳûЩҪ㣬̨Ǳһֱʱ䣬һǱԺĲˡ
սһûȷʵˡ
Ȱѷ־ãҵȻȥ
䣬СͿʼڱʼǱϽ¸¼
һϲæͷˡ
Ƽ
ս̧ͷǱߣϸµĹʵ˾ͷȥУҪ붬ˣÿ˷Ǯĺ
⻰һϻʦǸȵסСѾ̲סĻˡ
ǿǮǮûǰֵǮˣǮҲǽǶ롣
Ǳߴӣ˵ĽϻȵסǱ߾ûôˡ
ڳʣ˵ճҪʲôɶģ˰ɣûǵķݡ
˭뵽˻вѽ
ֺսż᣺༭ǱߣڿʼصģǷģǿȥһ
༭ǱҲ̾͵ͷ
սԭģΪٹ꣬и̨嵼ѡǣľǷǲƬӣ൱Ŵ󵨣ҲܾޣŮǣˡ
ǸӴģ֮ǰǲ߸ֺҲǷڵĹ¡
ͬʱҲǺܰȫġ
սҰĵģǰǿС˵ģս̹ſأһʱʼ£Զ񻰹µĴ˵ǳ
һ壬ҪĺĹҲܳûд˽ŽȥΪպ󻭺Ĺ׼
ӹ³ͣĿٵʱ䡣
սãⲿƬĸ겻⡣
ԻҪϸⲿƬӵľ¶һҪﵽӰľ³̶ȣǻ棬ǹֵҪõġ
ȿᣬս彫µĿŽ˱ʼǱ
ͬʱԼĿ˳칫⡣
СſڳãһֱⲽɵǰʵʦҪҳô
򴽣Ȼھᡣ
˶ѾվˣٽҲû˼ɴһҧ
͵صͷԣճ¡
Ұš
˵ţС̧֣Ű칫šˡ¡

118 


ﴫճ
ֽŵȭͷ, ˿СѾƿš
ֽ˰칫ҡ
⻹һνİ칫ң칫Ҳ, , ԱߵĲ輸, , Ǹ칫ңһ˽˵鷿
ͬ־, ս̧ͷСŸˣæ±ʣС, ȥ
ˡЩִ١
֮ǰɣЩˡ
սЦЦ, ߵɳ, ˸롯ƣ
ȻߵɳǱ£һ¾ȥ輸ϵ飺칫Щ, ϣͬ־Ҫ, ΪһЩõ, ˻ͻصͼȥ
ûϵЦЦ
ľûϵ෴, ĻЩ, ǳ칫, һͨĻʦ칫ҡ
Сܿ
ս豭ˮ, Ŀʣǳûһ֡
ֵ缸죬ǻû֮ǰսͿˣĸ׽ϲӰƬһͨĻʦڽ֮ǰΪտĻ滭ɱϲӰ¼ȡֱӱ뵽Ӱ׽Ŀȥ˵ȴҲҪá
ˣϲӰӭĸһĵӰݳ֣鿪ʼû䡣
ȵʮƽ٣һǣΪлǻܶĹ־˱Ⱥ·ũũи죬ãûȥһֱ˸λϡ
ʹˣ޾Ŀ־뵣Ӣš
ȥʱѾϲӰһС鳤ˡ
λϲӰĹǸɣͻȻ
սϵЦ飺ͬ־ңΪ⼸ھʲôɻô
ǣܺãÿ糿Ժ󣬸ϻʦȥܲҶãõһ쿪ʼˡ
ԭܲĸо
ԭͺнľˣе̣ںȴƫƫû˻
սǺЦƻ䵽ʲôһ㣬۵á
ҲֻӻгʱЦ˵ͬ־ǾǺģ⵹еܳˣϾǾŴ˶̶̵Ĳʱ䣬ܵõͬеϿɣǳ˵ĪĿ϶ˡ
æڰ֣ˡ
ĳĸֵСĲʺƨ󣬲˵ԼĿġ
ʵиĿ
ֽԼĹİ򿪣ȡһֽһһЩ־ͼһЩµĴ٣ԼԼдּǣϲӰҪȥĿɽ꣬ĿѾȥˣҡ
˵˿Ҳ
սһ˵ΪĿЦݵıֽ̱һûȵĲ豭˵Լİ칫ϣȻĨѲ輸Ͽŵĵطһ飬ϴ˸ֲ
ҿɡ
ּ֣أͣɫ࣬ӿ
óĿѾ˺ܾˡ
ΪǼҳѾĦЩëˡ
ֽŵԱߴ֣սѾʼĿˡ
һҳս̲ס۾ˡ
һֱҪĿն
Ŀݶǧٹִ硷˵ʵͦģҪĿĻֿ϶ûٿݣһүүǿѧҵСϻүүʱѧϰ֪ʶʶѵĹ¡
emmm
үүǿѧҵСϻ
ս岻ɱ뵽ϱ˫ֶ̥ӿĶƬСءɻ
ǣɻӣͻĶƬѽôأ
ս岻ɵЩ¡
¿սͷֲͬˡ
ɻע̵̣߸µ׶׶βֻͬСϻԵǸƫʷĻȷģл̽ԴԴ࣬ǰߴ̫ڤǣߴӿʱҵ֮ӣ֪ʶֵ̣֮װס
һ㣬Щ֪ʶ֮⣬һƪǷƪǡֻ硷ƪ
治д˶ܱ߹ңһЩֶû˵Ĺҡ
˵һͨĿදƬ
˵һٿȫĶƬ
ս忴ŲɵõһֵҰģǲС
ֽżˡ
֪ԼĿҪܼѣεѰϲӰĳܾ֪ǲĿֻǰѹԼĿʽȫ˵Ӱˡ
ǳĻ˵ĿǸ֣ÿ϶ǺõģǰɣҲܰϲӰϿˣСţƬֻΪһƬۻôҪء
룬˼Щݱûô
仰׾ϣ
ǾҲеĻֻܻȥˣ˵ⱲҲˣ룬ҪǸⱲҲֻĵˡ
ϱͺ˵Թɷģ׵ǿտ˵󻰵ġ
»ҹӻЩҲˡ
սһ仰û˵أֶ챻ԼԲſˣȿĿĵһСĿʱս̧ͷ׼˵͹Ϳ۾һίģ
ս壺
ɶѽզôأ
ʲôû˵أ
û°ɡսæԱߵļ˿鱸ëݸ֣ʲôѴô
ǡֻǡ
־ö˼ˣ޲ëҲ̧ͷ
ǣĿԼģҪ˵ĿܾܿزˣӣһŻڣֻǾã̫ˣĿʵҸʱѾˡ
ʱุܶ׵ͬ¶ȥˣЩͬǣԭң浽ũȴʵѧҲĥѣˣ廹ܿסȴˣյͬµţ֪һ㣬׾ҪһĶ˶֪֪ʶҪԡ
ֻϧǸ£뷨ܳ档
ǺõģɼܲסĻˣҸױٱˡ
ֿЦһҰֽĿȫˣҽ񵽻̳ȥˣ¶ȥˣҰһӾɢˣûˣǰ꣬ұʼǣЩҺժġ
ָָֽŷ׵ǺһӣЩҺģڼŵǰĿó
һ˸˵붯
ս˺ܸжֻǡΪһǲܸµġ
Щ䵭˵ĿҿˣǲһܺʱҲû취ȫ꣬ԸĻҿԽؼҿô
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æͷ
ûһڻؾͺܺˡ
ս岻ɵٴθ̾ЩǶôĵҪδĻôȫĿҪߣӡ
ҿˣᾡ𸴣Ҳý꣬ĵĺߵϻʦǶཻ
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ĵ͵زһ¡
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Ҳʱһܱˣ
ϾǵĶ¸ˡ
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ؿڱʾһٶȰͼ͵ս忴
Ҫ˵ԼҵĲҵǺãȫһҪ˵ΨһĲãԼǵλˣǾ뾩ʵ̫Զˣڵĵ绰м仹ת̨Ҫ˵ʲôҵܣҲڵ绰˵ҲҪصܡ
ֻǣ֮ǰȴˡ
Ǳߣ֮ǰǷáСɡܱװȥˣû뵽ȴдţûɣ꺢ӳˣҲˣٴ뷨ԳųĻսˡ
ϻǰս˸绰ս嶼ûüܾ绰͹ˡ
ս˵绰󣬾һֱ˼Ÿô˵Ѿɺ¡
ǵڶ絽ġ
ʱսֵĿеķʳ
СţƤ߸Ĺˣһž̲סĹˮˣҴӻվһˮûϡ
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㣬ˣһǶĸӣǸѾӣѬͷۣǳԲҲȲ£ֻˡᵽǳѾӣˡ
ǸϽٺȵɡ
ս嵹ˮĬĬŲŲɳǶ˵ɣ˵ֲгѾζأԭζˡ

˵ίԱճôôء
ս年ҿһû䡣
ڱǰȷ磬ƺϵζȵ
ǰȻģڵԵ࣬Լǽ˻ҸСŮ˵ģɡ
Ҳûһ˵װ£˺һԼһȥһ¾˵װ顣
ҿǿԣǡʵѾͱһܱߺԼˡ
ԣϵЦݶסˡ
Цһճ⡭е㲻
սʵʵ˵Ҳ
ȨǼҳӣһҵǵĴϰǸˣҲ֪ģҸĸ￪ţеҪʣ˼ṤҵſǳܱߣҪͶʣ˵ʲôǶܾܾġ
⻰ģҲ֪
ɻǷŭ
ͺԭԼǿͻȻ֪һ
սֲڿڴλϰ壬Ȼ⼮ǰЩʱѧˣչţ׳ǰǺܺõġ
̾˿ҡҡͷȥǾĻ϶ģǽĻ
ԣֻʧޱȡ
ˣҲͺûԵְɡ
Ҳô˵֪ģӪķʽֲֻһ֣ԽעҲûʲôʽôҲֻܴСӿʼ
۾һ˼ǡ

սһ̯ȫΪǼӹ˾ھǽȻڹȨϿ϶ȨСЩҲûհۻ֮ģȫܰ㶨ˡ
ŻǾﲻԾϸı־еĶ
Ҫ֪ڹȨİ
úɡ
սֻһ졣
û˵ʲôˣս̾˿ֻͷۡ
ͽѸ˼ͥҰҲСͬ˵˶ǻġ
սһֱ죬ŰĿˡ
˵ʵĿĺܴҪͶܶȥǱߣҲҪܹںˣϾĿǰ˵һǧ༯ƺпܵġ
ϾݸʷǳĴ
ս廹пˡ֮ʡƪ£˵͸ȥˡ
˵죬սٴΰ˹
Ŀս塣
ʵ˵ĿܲѣΪ̫Ӵˡ
ս˼ϵ⽥ȥ
֪ĿܿҲûˡ
ǾԸģֻǡܻȽѡ
ս⻰һֶʱϲĵɴ˫ۣվ˫ֲͣĽŵĴţҲ£ܶѣҶԸȥ˷
ȣǾĻʦ˲
սŹƻ˵ڵЩϻʦǣÿ϶ҪĿĻĿ黭ʦԼҡ
ڶǾԸĻҪϲӰǱ߰ѵǾʽս⻰˵ľͱȽˣĻڣĹϵҪתļˣû취յģҲʾţԺӶŮԭֻһǻڡ
ΪҪ˼꣬ǻھͿʼˣһӣֻҪоǻڣƴѧĴѧ£ʱзɲԸԺΪڵԹðѻ˵˲С
ַ£黹˵ǱߣֻܿԼˣĿһͺܳҪ;Ļܿڷһٵˡ
ս˵꣬˿Щѣ㶼׼ô
Ҳûĵͷ׼ˡ
־Ӷ࣬δҶΪҵŬܶȥ
˵⻰ʱ۾·ðŻƵġ
һŬȰ˵СĳԱϣܸһǡ
սһװѵʵȫԺƬԱûкͬģʱԸõĴҪ˵ûʦ£պĿҲиõĴô
Ѿǰʾˡ
ʾ
ҪԼĿܹٶȵ齨Ŀô
򵥡
ȥǽǰɡ
ͬ־֯㣡
սд˶ΣԭﲻԾˮͷһ˫ƽʱ㾫۾ͻȻðž⣬ʼſĿŵĳԱ
ôˣզоأ
ˮ˰ɣǰʱܻˮϡˣÿȥʱ䳤ˣҶѰ˼ҪҪֽ
ԭô
˵Դðʺ

119 

вԵġ
ȷϵϲӰļͬ¡
ǶϲӰ˺ܶ, ĿҲһ˽ϻʦҲഺ٣Ļ, ֻϲӰϲƫ, Եӡ
мʮ, ѾƵˡ
ȥǡ
Ѿ׼ˡ
һڽоƸ, ֲ˿, Լľ˵˳
ԣ̧ͷǼƻճˣ
šֺ˿ھơ
ͬˣ, Ҳεæ¾Ʊ, Ǳơ
ţ, Ŀܺá
˵⻰ʱ, Ҳ̲ס¶ϲõЦ
˫۷Ŀƣǡ̫, ֪ôҵĿȥ͸˵ĿԸ˵Ҫö༯, ҵĿͷβѽ
Ҳĳȵ
üһ
һ֣̲ͬסһֱϣô˵Ժͱˣ
ţճ˵, ҪҵĹϵͻתϱͺǾû취ˡ˵Ҳ̾˿, ֹֻۣܵȰ, ٸҸˡ
ûճ˵ַôһĿ, Ҳǹ, úøɣĿˣԺ˷ַúʹֶǲһƾЩ¶£̲ס֣˵ɶúȼףһ¡
˵ţæùƿǰľƱϡ
ƾžƱİĻ˵ˣֻ˵ϲ
æҲվűӣֻ˵ͬϲˡ
ƻɵǺǵЦţ֣žƱֵһ㶣İ⻰ʲô˼ɶϲģ
ҲӦˣĿ֡
ңճ˵ҪĿĿԱȴҪԼң˵ǾĿ̫࣬ʦǲ֣ҵ˼ǣǴһͬˣЩҲĥϳˣֻҪԸ⣬Ҳһǡ
⻰һʱžˡ

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˵ʵҪǣΪˣĵҲеСĽģ¶浽Լϣᵽ־ĸоˡ
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ӹȫϰĵط
ɡˣǵļôأ
Ҳǹ¼ҹˣĸ޶ģߵôɰ
ְҲʵǡǼ֣û˵Ƶȷ¾ƱˣҲ֪ҰӲãҪˣ˼Ҫǡһ涼ˡ
һ죬Ҫ˵Щʲô뵽Ƶĸס
ɵǼȣһ䣺ǸչĺûѽҪ֪ˣ϶
ҰҰ֣ӵģΪǰ;Ͳ׵ء
żȴ֪ôȰ⺮ĳͷϼһ亹
֣ƣҲŷ¾ƱȥֺƵӣ˵
ģƣܲ˵䡣ְ֣ѾϣأҲȱż¶ɣô˵Ҳûȥͼһ£أҵǾȹGGż˵ҵ˼أǵΪڸֳϰ࣬õķβϲǱأҽԺҽ٣ֻţǾǰִҺҽƣ˵Ρ
˶סˡ
Σ
ǾǰҲС˫ֻأͷ
һ⻰ƽˣǣԣ
֣ͷһͷҲͼ˵˵أ
Ҳȥһ£֪ǣֱָƱءǸʦûأԾЦҲNɪ˵һҸǹء
⻰һԭصնʱ
ӴСϱˣ
ܲҶʮһˣȢϱˡСһڴζͨʮϲС
ǳɣϸϱù꣬ȥȥ
ˣjioŵһȶٽҲСʱ˵Żȥˡ
˺ǵĻظڶȥս塣
սҲû˵ʲôֻЦ֮ĿʲôʱˣĿʲôʱԼеհ
˿Ҳɵôллһᾡġ
ҪֻЩѣٿˣʵвŻ˻ǺܶģĿ󣬲ֻǼˣҪˣðԼ쵼ĸ߶ȿ⡣
һʱԼشĵͷ֪˳һúôġ
ţȥɣĿú˵Сһһһ߲üӰ׼ˡ
վֱ壺ǣ
ΪʮĽܿ켴
ڴڼ䣬ƬԱεĽѧµ֪ʶСΪһϸͬЩʦǽн⣬߱龩ǵĴС죬ǣʹΪǱϻ󣬻ʮĵİæϴƬ
֮
Ⱥˣھֲ˼Ҫǽֻʮ죬ǻ볤
ϾߣԵĺãסĺãȫǸ㶯ģ˭ĵһȥ˵ܲɢʱпܱѧϽڣһĻµ
˭أ
˶Ķˡ
Ȼʱ̫ˡ֪䣬ʮѾȥһ죬һ֪ͨ˵ͱᣬճϵĹ˺͸ѧŵѧ֯ģΪľλ
ԱϢ󣬶ʱӶֱˡ
֮ǰԼҳﻹʵģû뵽˾ǣȻܵõô¡صĶԴôܲˣԺأ
˵ڻûְǴĵ׾ԼǾˣԱ߰æǰæġ
Ǳ߿ֻ֣ϲӰĶĳģ
˭֪ϸŰͽɣ˭֪ϲӰû˵꣬˼Ҷ
ֻû˰æ
⼸Ҳϵ߰˸ĻʦǼƷȥ֣˽ҲѾ˹ʶֻŹĿ飬Ǿֱӹ
ǵļˡǺúøɣȡھվȽŸʱѼȫ
緹ʱչʳôžͳˡ
һȺȺŮŮӾģһžվԺߴߴ˵Żﻰⶼǿ佱Ư˼
СģżСһ˹һȺݵƬ
ϴƬһëһţͷһëǮ
ٰСΪҪݵԵʣǮױģҲǼëǮѡǵľɫഺӡǡ
ǽʳãһ󾪺
ʳƽʱΪʳãֻҪӻ򣬾ͳ˴á
ƽʱһֱŵĴ̨ߵĴűƿ¶Ĵ̨Ⱥ˸˼ӣԼĶ¿ʼױ̨ĸշ䣬רǻ·ġ
˵ˣͱӴ˴Աۺ¥ĴϢ
Ǿ͸˲ˮġ
С˷ܵġ
壬⾩ǵĹÿ۾ĿȺƯĹ
ˣȺɶǴѧ
ѹѹñӣĴ롣
ƼǸӴսȥ˲ŲϹݡ
ǳĻͻᣬҹȥʲô
ŸֱʣҲľ;ܾˡ
ǳһοᣬĹڿɲֹǳĹˣʡƬأۺôǾǵĳӣĵɽô˵Ҳøѽ

ɽ
ѾͷƤôôأ
˵ˣɷҲż˹ݣҲиõı֡
ıʶסƤ˽Ҳ
ǿɲҶǻñء
аɡҪʱ䣬͹ȥһȥ
սʱЦˣллҾͲˣأҵûȥִȥ
ȥȥɡ
ּͷд֣սŵʱ򣬻Щĵ죺Ժû¶ܣ֪ĻΪʲô¶ء
ս壺
˵Ѳﵱ£ӷСͷҲ̫źˡ
÷ս̾˿ĵĹϰ칫ҵţͲӻ֣ϵǾĿȥ
ͷˮȴǵЦǺǵ˳š
սӲûżسȻ˼ң廪ҲûڲڣȥѧУӸ˻ϴ軻·ڼϰһӣȻȥԸ١
Ǽܸ֮ǰμҵһ̨ǵĸһָܶ٣ʱۻˣӹⶨһ̨ȫµģµģɵȻûˣμҲֿҵģΪᣬֱϾȥˡ
ҵʱ廪ڸС
裬Сְĺۡһս;ͺ
첻ǻҪᣬֻҪְô
ս彫¼ϣȻŹӹ廪ӣʼӡ
˸ѽá廪ֹţȴûֹ
ֱݣҸƯӡ
սټĿʼŮͷܿһƯĹͷ͸ˣӰ﷭һƯСڣúڿӸͷϡ
Ķģ廪Сڡ
Լġ
սϸմˮëᣬָ˵Ħ˿˿ԼģıʯСòĥġ
廪
вŻ
ɲʲôģֻ֪ͷرÿ
ԲԲԼСͷҲĦ˿İСʿ
ˣһ·Ҳˡ
ս첽˶¥һͻһɫӴͷҲûţɢ˸βϻߣ˸ױݣ൱ÿ
߰ɣǻȥүү̡
ս廻ϸ߸ƤЬڼϣ˵
ãֱȥС
廪ߣˣʱֱӴүү̹ȥֱӴӺȥ칫ңͲ¶ˡ
ߣһ˺Ҷɽףʦڵġ
ǸϽȥɣǵҲڣ鷳
ţźӷٵĵ˾˰칫Ҹ˵ǵˣսæ廪ȥӣԼǺСһݲ衣
һ廪࣬Źչ˰칫ҡ
СʶȤ뿪ˡ
ɳϣżӣ磬ģǸ˴硣
ϾҪҵǾۼҵĺӣĲˡ
࿴źǵĶǴȰϲİС̵ģһͰüЦġ
ˣ廪Сô
أЩҽԺﻹû°ء
һҪʱЩִ١
ãֻһΣ˵ϱûֳӣ㹻ˡ
ʱĺܿ죬һգۣͺˡ
ʳı׼ɡ
˰࣬ͷһûܽȥʳãۺ¥ſڴ򷹣˷ͻذ칫ȥȥͷһȥʳüռλá
ΪʳúܴԽƱģ˾ڲиѧѧᣬ˼ʮƱȥԲٴѧڷѧԺЯݡ
һˣľʹ鵽ˣͬҲսİ칫ҡ
絽ֱȥʳã涼û¶
֪˿ͬʱ־ЩΡ
ȵ˱ݿǰʮӣսǴӲŽ˳ڹϯһţмǼλãλõԱܱߴѧļϽڡ
һʱģϸ￴ͻᷢĹڿɲһ㡣
Ŀ£Ѽϼ̨ܵ˵˼Ļ˵Щĳȣֻ޲ΪĶҵͷ­Ѫ
̨󣬲ݺݵĵս弸ۡ
ȴû뵽Ϳսߵ廪ЦŶü

ⲻǼƻǸСô
ˣǲ
ǾյȺ裬һȺӵĴ̨Ծţż֣һӾͰѳӸˡ
ڶĿǸѧŵСƷ
ЦǶӶˡ
дͳСƷ裬ж衭һֵ˰ǵࡣ
ĻգĻ棬СæŰ
ĻɰСֵվţĹھϹ
ΪǱݵСͯ࣬Ŀǡӡߣκ磬κ⣬ԪĻı΢΢ףתͲڸٱߵļϣȻ̨
ӣڸԣԲԲС٣٣һ𣬹ڱž
źǵֶҲк
ӡһȱĸڼӵ£ĹǽԷĴϳ
жż֮顣
ۿʪˡ
뵽Ƕγ£ֽס֡
廪Աߵ˿Ҳ˵ӣźǵȰûиųΪԼŵ
һϣӶŹھϹԲԲһһǣԲԲ̨̨
ȻһСܣ˽սĻ
һĿʫУĻٴϡ
һֱϾŵӲŽŹǵȥսȥִȥˣ廪źǣſڵȴš
ڣҲƵĳˡ
һĻв
Ҿȸˡһžͺֶ֣
·
ɫĶ
ͷȻת˹񳵣ܿ뿪ˡ
ȳӳʧһתͿǣŰ磬ʱӽ˽ƤӶˡ
þò
ͷһʱ侹Ȼ֪ôƺ
þò˵ڸ۳ǺӣǱ߰æ̫ллˡ
ӦõӦõġ
ĿʼðЩӦġ
Ŀһۡ
óúֻԯޡ
ʱٱƯƴˣ˵òҲĶſʽģٴż
ˣǰЩʱҴӹ˼ѪǣǱҪĻ
Ѫǣ
ʱȤжĻ
ееģҾ廪͹ȥ
Ǿ鷳ˡ
廪ôԲԲ;ʲô͹ȥ
ǰЩʱҴѪǵѪǡæ˵õġ
Ѫǰ
廪ۣԣҰ͡

ֵֹܾġ

120 

ΪϲӰ, ԵȻϲһˡ
˵ȻѾ˾Ҫǣɻûкͼ˵ûȥѼһ, սȥվϻ𳵡
ǰ, һı֤һᾡ콫ϲ鴦ûϰġ
żˣڼˣٿ꣬͵ùˡ
սûѹեԱ뷨
ǳĿҲһ򵥵, ҪܵҲҪʱ䣬־ǰ, ҲһͶ
, ǾѾһССڹҵ̨, ҪٷһĿ, û˼С
˻𳵣Թҡ
ս˹, ֱӻ˳
վٰһᣬЩڰ칫ȣСЩѧͽ˷ܵ, Ȼıʦĺǳ
廪Ҳʼæ
첻ִ֪Ǳߵ˸ʲôö, ͷоš
Ҫ˵廪£սҲЩ㲻ô¡
ڿ飬𾭼ù滮ĵط, û¶о, һȺоԱһ, еʱĲؼңǰʵҵʱҲûôڿ졣
Ҫ˵оԱɣڼоñ棬еʱԼд÷ģڲĿ棬Ҳп־ϵģƽʱѧľ̳Ҳȥμӣʵʵľѧߡ
ս廹ĥһأѾȫˡ
ֻҪ֪ûС
սֻ̬ˡ
ССΪǺϼһģټĶͨ˵Ĺ£Ժܵϲڷźٵһ죬ҲһС**
øҵˣѧɹԼˣһλòĹŮͬѧ
ǸߵԸΪɷˣԷǳġ
СͺѣŴȥѰҿ֣һ·ϣС˺ܶģȴôޱȸж飬ɢһؼҵʱڻ԰￴øλͬѧ
СŴöڻ
Ůͬѧ˵ҪƶĹô
øüͷЩõķעԴǣҵڲԣţδһܹڷɡ
ŮͬѧεĵǸԲ𣬿ǣӦ֪ģҲܸܺõҵĹң¥ãʳе绰ƶ񤣬ϰô
ȻϰߣĹǺܺãǲҵ
øסؿڣ˵ǻһϻСĸ󡯣ҵĸףһΪڷҵܶ
øǳЦлл룬ɾܾ
ŮͬѧŵĿ
һ䣺ڵġתԶ
Ҳ̲סСܳȥһӱס˴øϵЦǽЦݣһ˵ӣĵӣҾ֪ġ
СѣһˬðǸˡ
ץץףǳɡ
һЦ㶼Сѱ׾ĴŴóȥɢĵŶ棬һϵеɺƣЦɵ˽βȴݺݵɿһѡ
ֻǶ̶̵ļͷͬӵļҳȴǴ
ڳ⣬ϰ˵İɶڼдѧģȴôİˡ
ΪǰЩʱ򣬹Ҹոһѧȥѧѧϰµ֪ʶȥˣϰֻùҫ棬ҫ¾뿪ЩˣȴǺܲġ
ܱѡгģ֮һˣƫƫ
ĺܺȺ˻ᱻЩڵС
սһ˵δ׻ֻ£ȷʵ˰Щ
ǰ˳Եƺ̣ɸģȰĲô
һһЩۣؽ˹ʲôĸ٣ڹӪӵЧ滹ǺܲģټϹˣкü˵ģ϶Цݡ
˵ңռңҲƽ棬ʼĹꡣ
ԴŲ̨𻨿һͨսûƳɣս廪ȥһͨѵʵˡ
ͷ¯ӱߣӣͣŷ硣
ȵһ룬ú̿ζֱ̲סĿ˼ӣ̲ס죺ʲôʱú¯ӵĻҲ̫Сˡ
Ӵ¯ӻСҲ˺üˣ²Ǵأôȥأ
ս¨Ӵ˵
šüҾ˵һ䣬ôô໰
ǼռҵĹŮ飬ƻ̯ô衣
ŲĽΪŮŴͯϱȥˣ¶ĺãռڶ֪սǸֵڼסİѱ仰һ仰ƻֻ޲ðĸζ̴˲źá
ٲãٹӶһһģ㣬ô˵ѧУѸǣǣѽҲʡ͵ĵơ
ͱҴιӡ
ս۾̾ͺˣʼߣӣҲ˺ż졣
ˣʲôأǲǣ
һŲ˵һֶ߽ü΢ţɫǲÿʲôʲôֵģ¾˵û˰㵱ưͣдҲǣҪȥҷݳʲô£
ͽˣմݣ˾ͽӡ
νһ⡣
ûҲֻܱɻ
վ̨ߣʰոϴɾ⡣
ȻǸʵ㣬ҳŵһһ߶
սһս֣̲סˤ¨ӣݺݵת˳ӣ
һߣսɲ֪ռҵ־硣
ںҶɽɳϣǰ輸ϣ輸Եĵϣŵȫ飬ڵϣ˫۷Źıһ鿴ȱȱĶŲ豭Ȳ衣
ĿǰҵҶˣ¼¼ӰҲȫһס
Ȳ裬ɫЩѿ
ԼΪЩ飬Ǳ뵽С˺üСʱء
սߴ绰ȥǱ߲ŷˣȻΪЩ飬ǩ˱֤ϣ֤Щϣȥ
ϾĻϣҪȥҲþ˲ŵ׼С
ֻùĴغҶɽ
սһ˵ˣ̾͹ˣúǷźˣҲڼ㺢졣
֮ǰġ󽣡˳ͨĲԣѾǾһʽǩԼңǰͿʼд٣׼ȴд͸ս忴еĻҪʼʽĻˡ
սǺģľͰı༭ָ
ллǰҴæˡ
ҡҡͷ˸ǷǱҲ˲ٸӣҲųǳһŮĻԣûʲôˮ
ŮӣĴͳִ˵
Ϊûʲôţѡͳģû뵽˵ֻһСˮ˵ˮûˡ
ǱߺͬǾǴӣǩԼұȽϺá
սȻϣܳͷȴҲûȫûҡ
ĿǰֻıȽϳɫҪֱͻңǱȽϼѵģҪкõƷҲǲģҼǵӣǹҵʷǺܸȤģⷽΣ
ҡҡͷ˵Ҷӣⷽûʲô˽⣬ԣʧǮѣһһܺĵġ
ӵġһҲһĵط
ǸӣպİԵܲá

ϸ룬ھǰԵܲãıûë
ʷô
һֱ˵ͷС״ɨ󣬶ʱ̧ͷҿô
սĿŽӡ
Կ
š
΢ĵͷץץԴǴٲд꣬ĿûʼԸͶ壬˵ҵĸܳأ
ΪɺҪܽԭ򣬽ˣӲŸڡ
Ȼ뷨԰ɣǻӣﶼܹĸҲˣÿдһ͹ȥܹ͵ÿݽˡ
ս룬ûоܾ
Щһģ˼άѾ̶˵ϻʦ˵ģѧɲŵĻʦǱ
ĸӲ٣ģûͣһҲ
Ҳ޷
Щ鶼ڶ¥鷿Ժû¶Թ
սŽЦЦСʵЩڻûС
ӵͷס
ȥ
սվһ飬ȻЩˣôۣȥϢȥɣԼˡ
аɡ
˸ǷվҡҡλεľͽԼķ䡣
Ӻսȥ¥Ҳæսȴæʵ鱾Ͳᣬֲ̫̫СˣԱ߿Űɡ
С޵æء
̫Сˣʲôֶʲôʢͣս廹治Ұǿ񫣬Ժ˼ˡ
̾
ԼģȴԼ϶һҲǹ˫ġ
սһ߰һ˼ڵĶȥܹҽּƶȣԺֻҪԼƷĶҪһƣڵӿʼǰһЩҳⲿʺʲôε˿
ɲԺԼĶˣҳͶߡ
ΪҪڵսرˣһ˰࣬СܽҶɽҲǿ̿࣬μҶ¥鷿Ͳãһǰ˫۷죬˵ľûˡ
۰
ҲûãϾԼҪϽܲŲǣ

121 

ϰвŻ˴ڽǮ
һû, ÿ칤ʣһˣҳҲһ
սı༭˵˵ʱ, Ҳ̲סĹ˹̧Ʊ༭칫ҵţ
ӵα༭վ
Ǳߵĸӱ, ȸ߰ɡ
ıһ£Ȼ㶵ĵͷ֪ˡ
Ǳ˵һ, ճš
༭ǣ
⡭ǲŸ˵, ֵԼˣ
Ƿ˺پ͵ڵ, ս˰칫ҾͰѲĳɺ, ˵ͺǵ̺ϵˣÿһ̺, ֱǮȥȡˡ
ǵ̺廪ͺҶɽȺӸһóӡ
ʮ·ݾͿʼ
Ϊʮ·ˮǱ߾Ѿʼ, ĵһûھ¶ͷֱӾȥˮǱϰյӹȷʵ࣬סλ˼, ǲĿ̿, һȫ¯, ˵̺Ȼҧҧˡ
˵ģֻЩкӵģΪ˺һ
˵۸Ҳ, ҧҧġ
, ǵ̺һµͽͶʽȥЩȫ׬˻, 廪, ΪǼʣ˾˴Ǯģһ붼Ŀڴ
ʮһ·ݣֻ̺һЩ󲿷ֱ˺ǺͺܱߵĽǵ
ıǱߵʪѰġ
񱱱߶¯ȡůǱߣȡůӲĿһӲ
̺˺кͽǱߣɱˮʱˣҪǱ߹˶࣬ҾʵҲ֪࣬ô̾ˣ׼һůĶ졣
֮ǰΪƤԭ򣬷Ϳ˻ǿŹʹӣ˺ǵ̺ʽ𣬷ڴʱԣ
ڴǮˣ뻨Ǯ
ڳӷżٵĵڶ죬廪Ͱ˯Ժս
ϴϣ緹սһͷˮĸ廪š
廪ս߹խСһ·ߣһֱߵͷŷǰȻʣǰģһĴӡ
߾ǸСԺȷʵͦġսͷխӣɸ̾·еģҪһȥе㺦¡
廪ûˣǣӵ֣ʲô˰㣬ϰֲ·
⵹ġ
սʱҲ˵ʲôˡ
·ߣȻͿһվ̨սæСܹȥĳαһʱ̲ס۾һ㿴ֱﾩĹ
оˣ㿴Ҳֱӵǲ
廪ָָǸΡ
սʱ˿Ҳ͸һξ룬߷ѽ
ԲŴӡ
廪Щε̧ǿȥɣڷվţöˡ
սʱӣΧ˹
·վ̨˼ӣһ˼ſڣš
ܿ죬洫һ˵ţžͿˣһ廪ʱЦˣСΰ
˵žͲ·ǶˣŽŸϣ˴һ·ߣһһЦǾƣܿԺӱĿɺˡ
ȥæɡ廪Цŵͷ
УȽȥæȥˡ
˵꣬ȻİԼ뿪ˡ
廪ս忪ʼӡ
ҿ˺öңһõģûбĳɴԺΪԺ״ã֮ǰö˶ţûס˼ǰܹѣƽŷѵ걻ȥķӶҪˡ
⻰˵ģҲ֪˻ǲҡ
ũӶûˣֻһСӣȥҲȥˣڼʣСӣϷû˹ѼķӸˣһǮúð󡣡
廪ǣս߹ţսŷ֣ȻǸĺԺ
Ǯ
һǧٿǮ
ǵǮô
սһǮ̲סͷˡ
ģǱʮ·ݵķֺѾˡ廪̲סЦЦ
սüڣͱͺǵˡ
̺ǼʣҲǮģ˵ģȹ꣬˴ҰҵǷǮˣ׼ˣڻǲҪЩȽϺá
廪ս֣ⷿӣҶ׼¡
սŰġ
Ҳ⣬ǮҲò꣬ԺӣԺһһ
廪ĺܺá
սգգ۾˼ǻ򣿡
Ǯ򡣡
廪̯̯֡
ȻˣǽǮ
ΪǹְԱҽԺϹǩ֣˻磬ǸԺӾսǷˣǻ˼ҵһǮܿͰˡ
ǰСʱսԺӴﵽɨһ飬׼ǮˣһԺװˡ
ŸɱǮս۵һһġ
ܼˣҲ̫ỨǮˡ
¶ʮˣ廪յڶʿӣ̰ڵĳȥȥˣ˵ڶСԺӺܵĻҲˣһɽ䵽˼ҡ
һ𵽼ҵģаĽ鱨档
λ׼ͽɺѻ°ˡ
ԲԲְֻڵȥæȰһӵ·ʳɶģиսͽɺĺΧ
ս۹Χеʱˡ
ܵһƬ⣬յ˵ΧɺҲһһɫġ
ɺһսǺɫģĽս巴ϲɫΧҪ˼δɷ͵ĵһ㻻ƺãֻա
˼ңȻǳһԲ
ϣԲԲڽɺսм䣬һŽɺ΢չˣһʱʱĽս尮ͶιԱţԲԲ˵ԽɺսǰǣȴѾٿܡ
ȻѾ˽ɺΪʵ
ԭɿЩ
Դӽɺٵʱȥһ죬°ܶ˺ֻܶ࣬ǵ׻ЩĵģżδĴܵǰҲ˵࿴ɹЩﾭߣܾ֪ôܾϾ˼û˵ǣ
װף̴˽鱨ͻˡ
ļߣڵʡͷҲ;˾Աߣ鱨һ˶֪ˣɺĸ˵ˣǰҲߣ飬Ҳŵˡ
ʮϣɺҹһꡣ
ʣܺͽɺȥ֤ΪǶ飬Ҳûаֻһ˶ٷˡ
»ҹܺ˵ƣϴž
ɺİѴ̺ˡ
˯ǰȥԲԲ俴˿Ѿ˯˵ԲԲȴû뵽Ź鿿ԲԲŵս塣
ǽˣսæ飺ǸϽȥ˯ɣԲԲ
鷳ˡ
ܵͷЩ˼˵
ɶ鷳ģԼĲŹģԲԲһûܵģ˵ĺܡ
ս½ɺԲԲ
ɺȻûģһҲ֪ԲԲս
ָлһս壬ȻŻ˷䣬ҹڴϣһŽ̲Σһļ̸Ϸޡ
ʡǱ߽á
ɺ˵ҪԲԲھѧʱҲŵ˵ͷҪھԲԲɡ
һ£㲻뿪ô
ʵԴȥ˵ʡ˵л˾࣬ҶҲ徻ˣѾ֤˵лҲ赽ǰˡ
ɺ̲סЦݣȻ徻⼫ˡ
㲻˵ҪȥʡǱ߽飿ѧУϵˡ
ҸԲԲߣչ
ɺͷܣʮϵ˵
һ¡
ɺЦЦû˵½̲Σƿȥ˯ˡ
ǶðΣܾﲻԾ
졭ǵ»ҹ԰ɡ
ɺȷʵĵģֻץסԲԲݣɲǰһ£ãպΪԲԲˣҲĸԸġ
Զǣǰ֪Ҫ޸ʱŤּʵ
һѧʱ̣ѧҳӺӣǰվѧУſڣڳԣ޵ٺãҲǸµĸҲǼҲҪЬ
仰ԭ߷޲ڵ
ôû뵽ӻͻȻܳԲԲǰ˴󺰵Ӿң˭˵ûˣ
һ̣ĵѾԲԲԼˡ
սͨģ׼ԲԲھѧȷżٵʱȥʡǱߣֲܴǣ»ֻжӣ»ɷԺͶ൱顣
һֱڿʱ򣬽ɺɿȥʡ
ҪϵǸѧУԴʵ̫ˡ
治мԺЩǣΧĺӣΪǱ߾סĵطúԶʹˣЩӶûѧ
ѧУʦǾɩΡ
ЩɩҲǲβģ뵱ʦ̫ҲڲæЩ鷽ĹкʦҲɷĵְȥȥ
ɺԴƲ˵ԼѧΪЩЩʲô˻ᣬһѼ䣬ԲԲ֣ȥЩӰɣǱ̫Ҹˡ
ԲԲ̫ˡ
ܺͽɺЩۡ
˵ЩѧɸԼĶӣһýɺˡ
ǽɺһҹͷͬˡ
ϻǰɺı˱ԲԲȻת˻𳵡
첽ߵԼĳᣬӳ̽ӣȦţͣĺšԲԲսԲԲܵڣɺڴȥԲԲԴսһæԲԲ
һദ͸
ɺӣڼҺúȷ٣Ҿͻ㡣
ԲԲ˵ͷɼˣһŬѧϰġ
ܺͽɺȥԲԲԺˣû취ʵأΪھһǵʦƷҪ̨ƵģŵԪᣬʦǲͣĸϳӡ
ҲˣȦȻ˵
ԲԲַǳߣСرãиСټ˺ϣԲԲӣԺȥμСٱȥ
СҲԣ츳ȴ棬ʲô档
͸˵ˣٻսġ
ӵ¸һ䣬սҲ¿ʼϰࡣ
һ£ֵĿ鴴ˡ
λؼԼ˸㶨ˣƺ֣ǵļ˸㶨ˣ˼ҹֱ˸Ժӣư׵ˣսİ£ɹסҽԺ֣ǰӺŮˡ
֣ЩŮһӴϲʹֶסңֶӣԸ⣬ֲ裬εְֱӰ뿪ˣŸ¡
ϲء
ƬĻʦҲ½½ˡ
ս忴Ŀϣɵ۾ɴ󣬹Թԣǰ˼Ƭмһ밡ֿͷһѺְ
ϲдǩ֡
ͽӵ˲ʹǽǵĵ绰
սʾϴ󣬾ڸġѲǸѽڵ绰˾Ͳ绰صġţǱߵľֳ⡣
ӱʾȺбµʣҲǵרҵӰɻ㵽װʲôģҸ㣬˷ѹԴ
Ҳ֪˵˾ʲôѲǸѽ
ֱӱʾǾȡ飬ȻûʲôûҪʲôԺĻȫ
Ǳ߹Ȼŵˣæ˵ȥ
ȹ˵绰ߺߵģһŨ裬ź޺޵ͻ鷳
ţȻЦˡ
ͦбµġ
ǰϲӰʱĿĿһ׺û죬Ŀͳˣս˸칫Ҹǣָǵѧͽȥһҹ䣬˶æ
սҲʼΪĿĲʼŬˡ
æһ̨
˵Ƕ֣ʵȴȫµģΪһЩС覴ãԱƯǱ޵Ŀͻ˻ˣЩֻñϴģЩƷĹԱȴ͵͵ЩƷؼң˽ŷ޹˽
һѥӹ˵ݹġ
ΪԵʣ̨ȥѥӹִѥӹתӣȻӣ˸۳ǣԺ˺أŵս
ս廪۾ˡ
񣬸Ƶġ
սĵֹ鶼ûôҡ
еСԴס
ԡ
Ǹɲܲ𡣡
ս൱ĽŻҴȥˣһֱڲ֣һָء
廪ֱ֣Ҳٸװȥ
սʱɵĿ
װĻȥ¿
廪
ͺ
¿װȥ
սӣ˵㰡𿴼ö˵ϴѪǣ˵ֻȥҾͲˣôҲûȫˡ
廪գգ۾޹Ŀս塣
û֤ݣϡ
ĲУ
ս屻Щмܲסæȥ
廪رԼЩʧ̾˿Ǯ
һ顣
廪
⡭ֱһСԺû˰
İɣǮ򡣡
սƳһۣ֮ǰСʦƱѾ˻ˣǾʽǺܳģԵĻҼ̰ɡ
廪ǿģ͸Ӵ򽻵սһ󣬿ˡ
һ㶡
Ȼһȣǵ̺Ĺ档
죬ұ֤𿪣ʱʹá
ս壺
ôоôأ

122 ְ

ײ׵, 󶼱廪ˡ
ڴϿŴսе㻳
ôͱɫԻأ
һߵԼһƿ˴¥, Ρ꾫廪ΧȹͻޱȵҨ̧࣬̾ͷ, ȻһЦ, Ͻ緹, ǻȥҶɽ
Ŷ
ս¥, ˸Ƿߵ£׼ȥһ˵̨ȥ
ţҪô
廪ѵϢټϸյ˸, ܿ˵Ҫ㡯ս廹еܳġ
ͷпվ͸һȥø֤
廪Ҳû֤ʲô
˳緹ȥ˺Ҷɽ, ǵʱԲԲ, ߣһ, ĿɳϿ, ս߹ȥһۣȻǡδŮٰһǧ覴ñ
ս壺
иӡˣû
ţ
ʱŷԼˣ⻰, ʱ˾񣺡ҲŸտʼ, ھҡ
˶, ϲѧ
Ǻְһ͵кء
ս̾
, һµ
;˵Żأ⳶ɤӺ
սæȥͿӺվԺĸﱧһµãսˣĸʱЦˣС˵Ҫڼڸ鷿ʰһ£ûǰҴģľ϶ǶõģҶˣϲЩʶⲻһҾùˡ
ĸûũǰĹŵ֣ɷǣũƽǣɴͰˣûϰࡣ
ʱ򱣴ĺܺõã겻Ҳˡ
ŽĸȲҪȥá
㲻ѧôս忴ĺܣѾͷȶȣղŻǶء
ѽ裬һСأһûˣ̫үү˵ˣСȥܲҶˡ
ƵƳһս壺Ҳѧ
ʲôҪѧʲô
衭
սֲͣҡš
ˣŰɡ
ʱ˵ĴӽĸӹãޱȵСллл̣Һϲѽ̿Խô
ôߵСѾͷǰĥ廪һģһ
񽭺˹񶼲һˣŮҲ˺ùޣɷȥ˵ʡûйĽĸȷʵͦеģÿ첻ŽӺӷѧƽʱСʳǳԣǶԲԲǾͷ·Ƶġ
һĶʱͻˡ
úúãֻҪǰѧѽ̾͸̡
ãҺϲѽ
СŮǸС˵ĽĸһôС˱Ժġ
սԱ߿ǺֺЦ
Ƚ˳Ϳ廪СվſڰСɻ廪͵ڳԻˣսˣץһѻףԻ
ԣˣ˵廪ܹܹܲŮ
ôˣ
廪ԼĹŮͦõѽ
ȥٷȥԲԲ;ռ˸䣬ضŮռˣôôԵءս뵽ǸЩ
廪һĵͷŮ⡣
ս˸۵ȥ
廪ЦЦ
սʱûƢٷȥˣĸָ̰أͷϣѧĺ棬վſڣſ￴Цһȸ
ս壺㻭ˣ
ͷƤһ飬ʱо˴߸Ŀֲ
һ˵鷿̫ˣҳʿ
սʱͬĿϾ⺢ȷʵе
Ҫȥ̨ҪĵĻԸһȥ廪ץ˰ѻףλƵĽˣ֪ǳ˰ɡ
ţӲȥ࣬治֪
ʱ㿴̨ʱ˵һ䡮ûǳ¡ˡ廪ʼӰϷݡ
ӻûͬȥأͱŵװס
ĸһҪȥ̨ؼҸ˼ףԻܶӡ
緹Ӿͱĸš
εĵǶԷڳ극ϴ룬ſųλƵ̨ȥˡ
ҵ̨İ칫ص㲻ڹ㲥棬ģֻӰûգеֻʱ۽ĿΪԵʣǴãһž͸ܵһɷæϢ
ս廪ǣ·ҵ鴦
̨飬ƽʱǲ鴦ģɽ첻һ緹ˣ鴦裬鴦൱Ĳڡ
˭һĶֵ𣬹Ŷ
ʵҲǰз˵ǾǱ߳⡮ˡһ̨׼滭زԼģ־˵̨Ư¿ģΪСʦĳڣӶ
Խһ˵սҪ̾鴦ˡ
սյ鴦Ϳ顣
ճЦݣû뵽ճɰ
һ㶼ɡ
ӣһ鴦˺þõġ
þò顣
սһ£Ҳ¶Цݣֺ֣Ž廪Ұ廪ǳĻʦӡ

ĺ廪֡
սԼõˣ滮༱ææĵˡ
ճŹ֤ͷЩң·ڵ߹
ࡣսҲ˾֡
ͷ˼ӰǱߣҲû˵ߣֱӾ͸ںš
ӽԼĿⲻͣɨΧ͵ųһװƵһ䡮Ǿǣһ·˵ˣ̨û
һֱӰſ׼¼Ŀ
̨Ӱһ̨Զһ̶̨λ̨ɳǸʱ۽Ŀ
˴ɫװͷĦ˿̶͹ģӰʦ͵ݹͨȻôģױʦڵͷױƷվſڳ濴ᷢȻЩңȴ
ճ
ԭվʦս壬Щĺһ
ս۾ۣŷ־ȻǸˣǵһȥʡļ¼ƬӰʦ
ôˣ
ǳиĿôǳ׼ƬˣûлᡣսӰʦ˹ҪǲеĻһȥʡ̨ȥ
ҾͲ֪ˣҲǹ滮ġ
ȡ
滮̿һ¡
Ӱʱӣתƻ⣺ˣճ˵ǳ˼Ӱ
ˡ
ֱֱ͵ĿӰʦ⿴۹ơ
ţˣ˺ܴ۲ġսЦЦ
̽ӵźţôӰЩӰȽأ
ǸȽЩ¿ģоһ£ȻǽྵͷЩϸЩ
廪һȻĽ͵
ӣ
ǰ˾Ϊװư
ģ
ӰʦȻһ˶ˣ֣ǸճǶˣܲܡ
Ȼˡ
սȻͬ⡣
Ŀ쿪ʼˣϢȥȥ
˵꣬Ӱʦһ̵ˡ
ȽĿʽʼˣһ˲ĵ˳滮칫ǱȥˣսҲûףֱӽĿļݸࡣ
෭һ͵˿ѽǿĶô
һֻСϻĻк꽿СףʿСǶǣԺ˵ܶȻǺܸߵģټڶϣܵõĽڵѧһЩѧУ̲֪ʶҲǿ۽ˡ
ս˿鵹Ĳ衣
ô˵ҿǵԤƣƺ缯ܳ
ս̺ƣȻǳǱѽ
ָ㿴ٶĿʱֻһ̵䣬˲ǵСֻӣĶƬǧѰĸǡԿǾĻ棬ӣһ㶼ģǽϵĿදúڹ⶯³󣬵ԼĶ鲻ô
⡭һʮӣܲȫǾİɡ
ЩΪѡ
Ҳ֪ĶƬ϶ǲģǣǳﻹҪӰİɣĻóʱƪƬ𣿡
˵ģǿרƬģӰ
˵ţս廹Ų൹˱裺Ҳ֪ģǳȥһСʦ壬Ϊ׬˲㣬ֳ˲ȾƬ˵еҰĵģ͵ӣӰȥһ¶Ĵ󽱡
ɫһȥӣӰڣ
ǰ
սͷⲿӰ۴ԣǹܰҪ֪ӣҵͺܷǵӰĻУҵ˼ǣⲿֵĿհףȡõԺҲ㡣
ǼδưԶӰ缸ʮĹҾҪˣʱҪýֻܶ˼Ҳʱȥˡ
սţҲԼܱǼҹǿ
ץץͷʱøѰˡ
ҪҼֻþԴϾܷһ
˵ںͦãҪ̫պһ˷磬Ѱ졣
ǾĶȷʵǿǱĿǰһڲҲ̸ڵ飬׼жǱȨܲȥ֮⣬Ǳ߾ûгƪĶƬˡ
˵ȥ˸ĿҲ֪Чô
սҲżֻĵȴȥ˼
һֱĬе㰾סˣʼ飺ճм´ӸոտʼҾͺܺˡ
˵սѺõĶЦЦ
ͬ־ͽͬ־˼ǳƯǱߵ¿
ǰսͷҰ˵һλˣ˵عͶʽ裬ƯǱ߻ЩʲģͻᾭعһЩģҲ֪ƯǱһĺöôܸǣǫ̃ɷ˲ء
ţս彫һ·Ѷ˵һ顣
ս⻰˵һһµġ
󣬸ʧ
һ̨ô£Ҫ̨ҪɹĻ¸ˡ
ðһ䣬һ̨Ǯ
ȫ覴õģҪһ̨
鵹һ찡ʲô
㣬ǳﻨһ̨
ǵûУһ̨覴û˰æǣߵģֻһࡣ
һࣿ
ֻ!
⾩ƴֵѽ
ϸ룬һ̨һʵϱˣ˵¿Ÿǽĵǵ̨
ǹҵ̨ʽҲʡŵá
ʵ¥˺öˣڶûܽɣǻҪ½ĿĿǰЩʱһӾ绨࣬ѾˡҪٻȥ
ֻһϢ
覴ûͦõģֻҪӰʹá
ʵǳõҲ࡭
ս忪ʼ׳նҾҪͨģ֪ôʵϣֱӸ˸¿
廪̿ǻñ߹ģõʱͷŲֿ£ⶫòҪȥооҲС
ǿɲУһǮء
üë
һսǣཫĿˣ׼һ£սҲûǿɹº͵Ц
һֱ˹㲥ãӻеһͷˮģ㲻սڴʲôա
սҲû͡
Ȼ˺ҶɽӼææĻȥѾ֮ǰɻ廪ûôǣӰ̨
šսںˮ
̨ĲҶãɲô׺ȵġ
ֵĲ裬˼ڣ͸оθ
ǳﲻҪ
ҪҪǿ򰡣ΪƬú͵̨ùϵŶԣˣ˵̨Ҹ绰ʣǵ̨Ҫٶʱ䲻ҪҪĻҿԹȥǱʣҪҪСز
սţæͳӣ¶
廪¼ս壬һĨЦݡ
д̧ͷս屻ĨЦЦһ£Цʲôأо˵ġ
ûʲô
廪ֱӣЦĸĽѰ˼ţֲãо죬ƺҲԡ
У
սҲû;ܾˣһָأɱϹ𣬲ҿҪġ
аɡ
廪ʧ̾˿
ȻȤȴҲûսңֻ˵Ҳ𣬲ȷǱɣٿ֤á
廪˵һǺֵεġ
ս룺Ͷʰ
УҪżںҶɽھȥ̸
˰ɣʲôû׼տ̸˵ˡ
廪ʱЦˡ
սһ¡
Ȼ͵վðȻˣҡ
廪ۼãվתܣս͸ź׷
ԶԶ·ڣ˰ĺÿһĻ
ʮС˵̾˿ְɣôˣȻ׷֣Ͳˡ
ѵͬ㣺ţʦ˵ˣڹ׷֣ǵúúýְС
˫̥󣬶綮µԲԲĬһ¡
һһǣסܵõ֣ԣǲ
սɲ֪Լ׷һഺȻӿ˸ţڶһ;ӵȥѧȥˣᣬһ¾Ǹʡ̨Ǳߴ绰
ã˭Ǳ߽ӵ绰һЩϵŮˡ
Ǽʡ̨ർ칫ôһ°ᡣ
᣿
Ůһ㶣漴Щͷ˵Ѿְˣڲ̨ˡ
ְ
սһ£֪ȥô
ܳ˰ɣ˸ô
ս壺

123 α

˵绰, ս˺һĵ̾˿
ʵ⻰ġ
ǰڷ֯ʱ, Ͳ˵ÿѡʱԼѡ񣬾ͺ񵱳ͳʯ, кø, ȴΪĿҪѡ
, ܳȻصĹҲԵ΢ˡ

Ϥ, սоЩơ
, վѴ, ̫ܴɹϺů, ڵ¶Ҳȷʵͣվһ, о紵ۣޱİѴϡ
ˣ˸ɶѽи˵ǱΪˡ
ս˿תص칫Ժ, óʼǱʼ
ˡ
һƪ, һϼһ, һ࣬ǰѾڹҵ̨زС꣬߾ĿǰҲǺлϹҵ̨ġ
һ影ƬȾˮ졷ĿǰڽУȡ·Աμʮ·ݵӣӰڡ
ǩԼһʮˣʼͿʼƷ;ǳսԺϵ鿯·ĺ˳ֻҪ༭ͨԳͶг
ȻͺһʮƬȻȣɾƪȴǺʱ߱ġ
˵ͷȺˣһضԼĿʱҪƬͺܼˣǺ࣬۳Ǻ࣬Ǻܿ
뵽սֱ峤˿
ڷҪӣгĽӣսüδڣδѽ

ھûʲôرȵ飬ǲҲóտһԼĿˡ
˼أǱ߾ʹϢ˵ǿදһѾһЩƬˣսȥǱߣҲϣһȥ
ʵĿʱûѡĳһˡ
ΪⲿƬǶǶԼ֪ڶӰǰЩǵЧӦʲôӣԽս飬ս忴һ¶ЧûȷԱѡ
緹ûϰʱ䣬սͺס鳤
κȥһ˵İ칫ҡ
ս첲űʼǱű±һֲڿڴվʳſڣ鳤κˮƿˮϴ롣
һսٻκĶæЩһϴһ߳溰Сǳû㰡
ȻϾ֪Ҫȥİ칫Ƭˡ
Сû꣬æѷиӸԼҧͷ˳һ½½ܳˣҲͷ
ΪǵĹǿɤӵģǸ豭涼ִ󺣡
κ鳤˵İ칫ҪǲѽһԱСܵκߣСʵ
ΪԼСȴ֪Щ˶Ѿˣ͵ſκôشˣһ޹ĵġ
ϾĻ˵ʲôҪȡġ
˵İ칫ңǼڰŪΪǱȽȽģϲӰЩϾȽѲǸչʱ򣬹Ϥһڡ
κ鳤ˣλֳ̧ͷкһǡ
æǲż
ս
κ鳤ҲǣҵǻΪͷ϶ðһ㺹սűӺȲ裬±װǶȵġ
ճԱˣϣԴſգŶ
ʱһһĹȥս嶼Щˣǲŵ
ˣƬӰɡ
ֵ仰ԭЩɢԱǣ̾ͷ·˹һֱ塣
Χʾǰ
һĬƬʼˡ
ɫޣɫĻһ˵ľ¡
ô˵أ
뺣ķȫͬ
ȫˮī
ս忴һ˲䣬˿ܾɫҲֻһ棬һ궼ϴ˵ĸо
ůɫɫƽ˻棬һۿȥ;úů
˻⻭е˼
κ鳤̲סԴ
Ȼ˼ˣ
Ͼ⻭мķھɫĻ棬ִǰֻزģֳϸĻ滭ָ׶еģսֻһۣ;úͼƣǺͼͬǣָײϸڻľϸԶĺܾϸ
ʵǱ׼ˮī񣬵Դս忴׵ķͷ˺ܴľŽԼķ޸ĵĺԼĸЩơ
ֻ˵뼪еƣֲȫơ
ġ
սֻãֻĻǷǳģֻûн˵̫˼
Ƭӵʱֻ̣ܶ˰뼯Լʮңݺһдٶȫ֪ʶ˼ǲҪİ˿ţлСʦ趨һƪ˵λСʦ˱ŮͶͯҲһ
СֺܵΣգȻ󼸸Сȥ
İְǾֵľֳǷǳȴҲܴȰģԻڶʱ򣬵һʱȥæСãȳ󣬻ĳĽ
ô˵أ»ǺģھͿˡ
ⲿսл˵ˡ
Ѻܻġˡ
ԣЩǰ¶һ֣ȻЩ˵ע⡣
ЩԱñСѵʱ򣬻С䣬Ǹעؽɫĸ飬ǵḻǵӰƬԱ߻ȶ
ҪǣĻƽ˲żüã߶䡣
ɶƬǲͬġ
ƬҪһ㣬պӣҵܿĳ
Ϊʲô˼ҵĶĳɹһԱ߶䣬ϸıߣùΪ˽⵽ǿҵڶҵż񻯣úÿԱƬݳᣬҲģѾĻĹԱߵĻǰż
սûиıҵҰġ
ĳܣǾϣһġ
Сƶϰɡ
սͻȻ߱Ƚ࣬Ҷĺ곪ǳá
һ£ֻƶ伸ΣӲǺ˽⡣
ô
ԡ
սͷȽѧˣԡ
˵ţֿǱߣ˭ҪԺģҲԺƶһԡ
ŮԱʱ
ⲿнɫǱȽģŮԱԱɫϸƣԱȡĽɫֻаְ֣ʿȳ˵
ҲԱء
սոյıԼԣԼɤ˵ʵҲܷ˵ġ
ǾƬˣȥͳһ£Լ껯

124 Χ

ƶԾǳɹ
̾İ, һëǮļ۸ǩ
ƶһ˵Լ׬Ǯˣʱˡ
֮ǰˮĸ裬׬˽ٿǮ̽Źʹ, ڶǳʽ, ˵ȱǮ, ƶȴǸǻʶˡ
һֱⷿס, ǮҪǵλһֱַȥӡ
˵ڷӲ, һδأʱǮ, Ͳ, û֮ǰ˻ҪƱ˺ö˽ӪĶҪƱô
ϸ, ҪμӸ߿, ǱȽصģҪĦ籾, ѧϰ, Ҫϰ
ʽ¼ʱ򣬶ڰҹ, ս廹
ڶƬһų˰뼯, ûʱʱƶ仹ǱȽе, Ҳ۵, ΪҪȥˡ
˲, ֻʮ, е, ܽѧĳ鳤κ鳤ûˣ鳤κ鳤ԼĿûսƶ䣬ʵû취ˣսֻ˽йϵӼʦ˸ڹҵ̨Աʦ
λʦҪƬģе֣Ǿǹ㲥ѧԺʦ
ƶ䱻ְʱ򣬻Щš
ȼʦˣŷʦȻǸຩʮϲ찮ЦˣͶȽϽʱ򣬶ʦĴʮֵۡ
ʦ෴ǶʦӣǿֽСǵĶŮһ۾ܿġ
ѧаƬ࣬ºǾĶƬλϰ
ʦĶӣЦĺˬʡ
ŷ˰һۣɶϲϵģǵԼĶλɫɶ۾ɶҪݵǾˣԼ
ŷҲһλԱûƬֻڽĿ㻭ɶģʡ
ʦԣʱüͷһ壺Լɫһĵ̨Ϊɶʦˣ㻹ͨԱأ˵뷨Ǵġ

ڶʦ仰ŷȻǲͬġ
ʦŻ棬ƶЩսȴŹǡ
˵ʵͶʦͶŷ˵Ĺ۵ԣսʵͬŷ˵Ĺ۵㣬ϾԱΪ˵Ӿ߶ģһֱԼص㣬ɵġ
⻰Ͳ˵ˡ
Ƿ棬սЦҪƶûǱߵĶƬżֻ鷳ʦˡ
ʦһ㶣ǳҪ¶ˣ˵СǱֳˣ
⻰ʵģʲô˰ɣǳֳ˸¶ƶϷݻǺصġ
ʦЦˣĶӣǳɲ˰ҪôһǳƪҹŮѧǵÿСųǰ첻һǸѧʵü˫ӣûᡣһֺǺǵģʼ̸ȻճˣҲи֮ˣǼСʯҲģһֱûʲôĻᣬ֪Ǳⲿ¶ûʲôĽɫСʯԵġ
Сʯ
սһ£ʦŷˣʶеСʯǶŷˡ
ʱЦа¶ǰ軹û䣬Ϸûô࣬ʯʦĻȥԣ
ûϵֻҪˡ
ŷ˷̣豭ŵǰЩִٵڶʦ¡
ʯʦ뵽ǵİͥǵİ칫ҵҰǳӭ
սվͶŷ֡
ƶÿĩɣСʱΡʦҲ˿ڡ
̫ллˡ
սֺͶʦ֡
û˵£ĬһԴĽֻƶ仹Щ¶
ȳ˶ʦңƶ仹ʣ˵ðҶ˼ְһµôôͻȻָʯʦˣ
Ҫ䣬˭һô
ƶԴЩ벻ףһֱϣһݽŵʱ򣬲šһӦ˹𻨺ڶæ׷ʣ¸ĸ׺̡
ϵ˵ʶ֣ȴһĹϵ
ŮϥǣӰǵüǵճĶ£ĻҲĺӹ
ڶҲñ߹ģǰƶ䣬úѧúÿϸôѧԺˣΪճĹס
ƶصĵ˵ͷ
սɲ֪ѾΪͷ­Ѫˣץŵ绰Ĳ֪Ǻá
˵ģ
Щʵ
ӴճƭôҲȥģû뵽ıˡ
̫̫ˡ
սҵøϽ߳ͬ־ǣҲ˸ˡ
ǸϽ׼һ°ɣȷѡǰֱȥܵýĻǻҪأʲôģҲøϽˣʱýˣûճ˹
ǣѡһᾡȷϣҲһʱȥ죬鷳ǼŵϢ
Ӧõģ춼õǵҵҲһܴĹճ
绰ͷ˻߶սѾĲˡ
˼ͷɵ˴칫Ѱ˼ϢҪǸȺϻʦҪ˷ˡ
ֺ˰Ź˵绰սĨ˰˵߶߶ûˣǺܸ˾ˣսԼıʼǱ͡ˡ¥
Сһ쵼ˣԼƺãҲһͷˮĸźܡ
һ·Сܵ칫ңͲս嶼Щˡ
칫ҵű͵ƿëʣһ£ֽͷһţһɫֽʽȻĻܱ
ȿȣһȰĻŷš
ʦڻķ±ʣ۵վֱ壬ëʵļææϴëʣһҹ󣬲ŸԻصԼλã̧ͷս塣
ոգҽ˸绰
ս˿ߵ칫룬ıʼǱǰϣϢҪ֪ͨҡ
ɧ
ǰһ
̰ĿƵĿս塣
һϢһ·ݣ뺣ġ߸ֺӰڵر𽱡
⻰һⲿϻʦǸˡ
ϸ˵߸ֺȨںģϾǾӰĿȥˣϻʦǲŹעһĴⲿȥȨ˼ҵģɵо˵Ĳ룬ټǾͺֵܵλҲɽǺϢ
ڶϢող绰֪ͨǣСʦ塷ѾΧӰڵĻһȷϻ񽱣ǽҪȷѡȥμӵӰڡ

⻰һǳĬƬ̣ı˷ܵļ
ô
μˣһץסս֣ݺݵĻ˻Ρ
սҲżЦͷģҸոսӵ֪ͨһʱ֪ͨˣΪ佱ʱһ·ݣǻдʱ׼ϽȷóѡһǱ߻ϢǾ͵õһʱȥա
˵ţһԤ룺Ȼûл񽱣ҲϣҲҪʧΧǾѾĪĿ϶ˡ
úúãҶǸϽ
ѹż飬ȴǲԾĹЦͷȺѾһŵǣ˷ܵ˵ģĹҲŬġ
ˣø˾͸˰ɣɵѹĺúù
սҲƲסЦС֪ͨŹǣһӸˣǳСʦ߳ţ´Ѽ
ǣ
̴ӦȻתˡ
ճţ칫Ｘƿļ
İ칫ҵҲߵ̲ס֣ܳǡܵ飬һ׽סһ칫ô°ôڡ
Ӧø˵ģǵĶƬڹӰΧˣ˵ܻأˣ˵ӲͳԺŹǣˣһȥ֪ͨء
˵ֱһ˻ææľʳõķȥˡ
İ칫ҵһȺ⻰ʱסˡ
ңûɣ˵һ칫֮ǰǲƬӻˣ֣̲ס̧Լֻ¶ôôʵأ
ˣûأֻΧҲЩ£ȴش
ҲЩ£ȷӦЩ˷ܡ
ð̫ˣߣǹȥףȥ
˵ţһ칫ҿ첽ȥ
һ֣֣Ҿǵľ̫ȷˣҪϲӰֻĽˣһ칫ɼǺúŬһѣԺҲƪĻĶӰҲȥһȥ
ÿ˶һҪġ
Ҳ⡣
һ칫ɼѾ·ǰһҲΪƿȴţȼĵ׵ҰĵĻ棬δһ죬Ҳܵõ
˵ĶԣߣǸϽȥףȥ
֣õһ§סƵļ˹ȥһ칫ҡ
һ磬ۺϰ칫¥ϲãĹֻ뽫ĵ׵ϲøйȥ
ȵ͵ʱŨͳུĺŹǰڳǳһƬǺ
սŷУĺŹǣڶԱ߰ѷиʢУϽ԰ɣʣµȥﺢӳԡ
áսҧŹæܾ
ҪҪģŹǰǳģԼģСѰյģƶ䣬һҵĶ£ⱲӶ壬ֻһЩŹǶѣҪ
ڶ˵ͨŨŨķζٶȺս
ǸȴǼֿġ
սһ£漴ЦҲƶб¡
бµ˶ˣ۵˰Ҳ
ڶƵĲװˣսһתҴҵ뿪ˡ
սҧſӣﱧŹǣ˶ˡ
ΪĽָô꣬ûȱԣǽ𻨴һҵл⣬ҲܹѰ˼ŶƶһЩᣬȻ󽫷зŵԼ칫Ĺ
š
Ź޹ġ
οǴʦСյģôȥһһԡ

125 

Сʦ塷ΧӰڵϢ, û죬ʹȦڡ
ӰƬյϢ
һ绰ϲǺΪΨӰƬ, ĸƬĵӰܵý, ˵һ˸˵¡
ڻûպӳ, Ʊʱ, ҹϵܵĺܡ
Ǳߵ, ҲʵеΪǸеˡ
Ҫٵýǿɾ꽱, ֳȾĵӰ˵ǻܵøʤǱ˵ŨŨĺζ
ٯ, ЦȴǼΪˬʵġ
սҲЦӦҿɲ˵, Ӱ, ǰ, ҲմĵĹ⣬˳糵һ·ߣĳɼ
Gô˵Ҳʵһ
⻰˵, еˡ
սֻ
Ǳ绰ȻҲףص, ֻǱ߻һת, ˵֮ǰ˵, ڽ£ϴβ˵ôȥǱѧϰ, ⲻ, ͸˵ôô, ôô, ɰǷˡ
ս壺
˵Щʲô˼Ҳ磿
ǳȻǲǳҲѰ˼ţᣬճǱߡ
ᰡ
սһ⻰ﻹ֪ԷĿģʱЦˣֵܵλĽǿ϶Ҫֵ֧Ҳ֪ǳĿ٣Ǵƪ벻ˣҪɣǵѣٴǰ;ѧͽȥҪǸ˻ᡣ
˵ţҲȶԷӦˣҲҪɶдģҲסʳþˡ
Ա
˵绰ս˼һźС
ֵ칫һ¡
ӵСһͷˮ¥İ칫ȥˡ
ʱͷƺ֣ŸԵѧͽæţ⼸ʦͷͷЩʲôͦңƺһѧĳʶ
ּСˣϱף飬ǡ
ʦȥ칫һˡ
һ£߰ɡ
˰칫ң滹ţСĻͷСʵʦʲô
һѧСʵ顣
ڶݣֻģ˵˵СϰȺĻ˵ķʽҲûϸʣֻǸ˸飺⿿ôѧʵò׼ģȥѧһЩѧʡ
ֵͷѾ˼ˡ
ȻѧСֿǲҪȥѯʹʵġ
˰칫ңսѾ˺һˡ
ˣɡսк֡
ֵͷֽӹСݹĲ豭˵лл
С뿪ս˵ĿôתĹô
Ҫ˵ת϶ǿԵģֿЦһ˻е٣ҪԺȲˣ춼ҪӰˡ
ӰģӰǳ̬
ȻЦȴʮƽ͵ģȻԼӰ£ϰΪ
ҪĿֵĻᣬҪ£Ըȥô
ǵȻԸġ
ֻһ£̵ͷЩѧͽκһܶһġ˵ʱ΢΢٣̲סʵ⻰ʲô˼
ģǱ߸ո˵绰˵ǳȥμӽᣬҵ˼ǣһ칫ҵļλϻʦѧͽȥһˡ
սЦЦȻ㲻İ칫ҵĻҲѡˡ
ȷʵİ칫ҡ
ĿģĻ֣ȴȫǰϲ£˵ǴӱƬڹԱ֮ǰҲǴĿģǸĿСҲĿ
ʱ䣬˵˵Ҳ̡
˶ŶеλãȴŶӵƿ
һԺٿǿǡ
ֵͷ
Щˣȥǰ̲סĻͷս壺ϴ˲˹нᣬƬԼҵô
ս壺
һʱ侹Ȼ֪ô˵
͡е¡
¶ɣ治˵
ɵһξ͵ˣһǵһǣЩ˶ٶеİɡ

ȥ϶ȥģǼȻ˾Ͳȥﺣֻιˣ¾ͱȽϼᶨˡ
սߵſڣĿᶨĿ֣㣬Ҳǳ
ԣɣǿHRͷ֡
ºִŽţͳһľ
һ˧Ļѩģһ義¥ȡһƶɫáԻ͡г壬ġƬչֵһ̡ı־Ѿ˾ĳ꣬Ԣһй¿ʼĵطԳǡ
ǣ˰̺󣬲泧ĻΪɽŽء
ֻսĸо˶ԳǺϲġ
Ⱥѧͽϳһʱ͸ˡ
·ӿá
һŮѧͽ̲סԼӣƺĦ·Ҳʪ͸˰ɡ
ǵȻ֪·Ķô
һŮѧͽһ˵ϱ߶ģרСʦ˶ǸģСʦ˶˺ü˶
գҲӣ
Ӧǰɡ
ҿɵøһÿгȥϰ䰡·ܵء
Ŷôһ˵ҲˣǾǻûϻء
Ǳ߶϶Уȥǵİٻ¥ȥ
аʱ뺣ͬ־Ǵȥȥ
ĵأ־ˣˣϽϳʱϲϻˡ
ӣԼıӾ˴ͳ
ˣİ칫Ҿĸ鳤ƴ죬սȥۣɵģҲͲٵģ֮ɣҲΪ֮ǰδʮ񶼸ȥˡ
ÿ˶æµĺܣûոҡ
ʱһһĹսҲСɵ߲ԼָĿҲʱڳµӰйأһͯ죬ɸСѧ֯ʮ¶ͯƱʮƱ䳬ѧУвģȥӰԺⳡӰ
Ϊ£ֳˡ
ܿ죬ֽýϻǱ£Ȼ˵˾ԼĴʼˡ
սͣգܿھǳ˸СˣҪ˵֮ǰֻ֪ЩӰһλʦģڿ˱֪λʦȻһ׷ԲԵϽڣһòŮˡ
ҶɽǱ߻ãϾǼսģֻǹϲһ¡
ռҾͲͬˡ
մűֽڴڵĳ̣üͷ΢۵иˣмԺҲаա
ռûпֽϰߡ
ϴӵǾѧУﶩģǿҲǴǷķţԺƷմݱֽԼģڹ԰ʱǰͬ¸ġ
ֽҳһİ棬дǾ绪
ӾƬΪʲôὨд֪ʦĿݣٵƷĶƬԼӰЩдĺϸǵƬ۵ƬռмCλĳսƬ
Ƭϵս壬ͷԺ˸βһ˿޵ȹ죬һöԲη±ʯۣǺҶ䣬ȹҲǺҶȹ²Ƥķڰ۸߸Ь
ݾ£Ц
Ǳģݡɽ֮ŮҲضõò
ƴѧҵ
żλȨء
ɷǰ;
˭ŮŻŵģƫƫռҸŪˡ
⼸ϴһ⣬˵λ˷һӱʾѾּңǵķӣã϶һңϱ޴£˼ŮһңŮﲻ֣˵ûץ֤ݣɿӣҲ£Ůĺ޲ΪҰѹѪˡ
ΨСŮ
Сʱûôӹ磬
ƫƫô£Ǽйõġ
ڰ
СŮôһҲһӴİˡ
ЩСŮſڱտں塯
սǧģûõ˵ҵôϹôث֡
޺ŴԶͬľͷܡ
սں׷ﻹǣСŮƻСȣܵĵģ·ʱˤһܻһߺ裬ȵҡ
ŴմǰһܽռҵĴš
սһ֡Ҳ׷˽ȥ
ֻʣƻӵĺүү
ôˣմ󺣵ܲͷ
ƻӣСĿմ󺣣ðְȥСãְֲȥԡ

126 

սԽ, Խġ
սÿһɾͣ·һѵƵģݺġ
ռ, ս, ˭֪ѽ
ũģԴ, սسǵʱһ, Ϊ˰սũ壬ǡפ귢ˮ·ˣƵô, ƫƫս廹ǻˡ
سǺս͸ӵʶǰ޳ȥ
Ǽ޳ȥˣȴ޵ıǰá
, ǲ˵, ע˵ġ
е, ñս壬۶
е, ñԼ, ˸ˣѾôѣô࡭, ϱеѽ
ѾʼˣΨһľǿɷ
, ϱսǵ˴ϰ, Ⱳս϶Ҳ, 񲻹һʱǣȥսһѣսӵģ㿴Ҳÿս׸ѽ
ս¿ԿǣǲԸȥ
ôôడ
ԽԽģɴˮſڵʯ̨ϣһĨᣬһߺˮ
ս᷿ſڣҲֻͷ˵ƻںˮ̲ס򴽣裬ҿʡ
ʾͺˮѽȥø룬ӵˮȡһ˵һ˿ˮ
ƻʱһ࣬۰Ͱ͵Ŀ룺裬ˮ
ȺȺȣһ쵽ҪԣҪ
ƻһƣݺݵսһۣһûУֻҪҪȣǷİ
ƻϰˣһڰˮˣҲˮЩ̣촽̵ĺġ
ǶͶ̥
һԣ
մȥˣһžüҪǲӣͺ͹ˣһ쵽ú
ƾɶѽҪңսֺܹôڻسˣҪ㿷֮ˣҸ㣬ûŶ
ǹҲϡ㳳ҪռƫģҲμҵű߶ϡ
˵
սһ⻰˲䱬ը˫Ŀɺŭ飬ھ룡
룬˭˭ӣ
һߺһ߷Ƶȥ˺սӣָսϻһѪۡ
ƻŷƵĸĸŵһɣשˣɲȣʱ۵úޡ
մ󺣱ͷֱˣĵŭӿͻȻǰһڣصˤڵϣֱӲʡˡ
֡
սһֵĴ󺰣մ󺣳ʧȥʶ
սϻؼҺ֪մ󺣳ˣջЬͿ廪ææĴ·ûǰϰѡ
ȱЬˣǵȥһҽԺ
սæʼЬһЬӰЬһʵôˣ˭ˣ
岡ˣء
廪ҲƤЬӿڴͳǮ˵Ǯ㿴
ս忴ۣСһǧȫոµһٿ顣
Űɣʱ
սָţЩķǶ
᲻Ǯ廪ֻţе㵣ǡ
û¶һŮأǹȥС
ս죺ʱǮ
廪ͷǮŵԼڴֽٿǮŽǮ
ռң廪һǲֵģֻҪս˾Ͳȥɡ
ҽԺմ󺣻ҡ
սɫѿĶǽǱߣսվԱߣ˫ֻأվԱһõĵϣ˫Ŀã֪Щʲô
˭û˵һ̵ĳĬ
ս廪һȺ˶Ƶġ
һϣ񿴹ͳս߹
˻ûأˮˡ
ֿ֣ôãһСʱˡ
սס𻨣죬תͷ񣺡ҽô˵ģ
˵ԳѪ
˵ˣս壬Ҳ÷·Ĺǣġ˵ţֺݺݵһǸɥǡ
ԳѪպз硣
ҽ˵ƽʱѪѹͲȶ־ƣˣѪѹһӾˡ
ǣȥҽ
廪Ǯսս˸к¥ȥˡ
涵Ŀս壺ֲ֣ɡ
ûµģ弪࣬϶ûµġ
ս԰οţֻǻǲ˳𻨺溰һ֡ԱߵʱЦһ䳰ȷТ˳ء
˵ɣҪ㣬Ҳ
ѹŭһ
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廪ˣ涯ƵרңΪļǩûǮȥҡ
廪ûü˵ҵĵƾˡ
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ѾȻˣĲȽأҲ׽ڳѪ90̱ܵ֫ҽժϵĿ֣ɫԶ׼ƣȻлʿȥɷѣע㻤
˵꣬Ҳռ˷ӦֱԽˡ
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ˮµٿ˵Ҳһûֱӻ˹ȥŵռΪһԳѪء
ս忴˵
ǧٿǮ
ʵ˵ĹôǮھһСƽ
ǺҲûôˡ
մ󺣻ù۲һҹ²ʡڹ۲ս廪ҽԺʮӲŻؼңһֱûѵ¶սҲʡ
ڶһ죬ս嶼ûһ䣬˰࣬ŶȥҽԺ
ʱ۵أԭռҼѵ¡
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ս𻨻ˣһ˾ʼ̸ѵ£սڴأҲǳĬ
ȴǻ첻ߵȿ˿ڣҼӲùӣ١
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ŶٿǮֱסˣŽͰ͵ʵ壬ͳٰ
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˵ˡ⡭׹Ůֻ٣ֶŮģ׹ŮĻ࣬ÿ
𻨵ˮͣ£ź֣װ֣
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Ҳ˵ٳһǧ壬Ǽôá
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𻨱ҭһ¡
ս̲ס꣺ˣ㻹ǰĹ˾ôôء
ô˵Ҫĺãǰʱ㲻մ˰˰ٿǮôóð
ս
ǡսЦһǿˣҳǮģǮҲˣҲ̽ˣˣû¶ҡ
˵ʹ粽뿪ˡ
Թѽ
𻨱ŶٿǮޡ
ҲĬˣֲ̧ͣĴ𻨵ı
һܣһǧǮʣµһǧҪǳأЩ˵ǮҲ
ңֲֻսһӣƾʲôսֻٰ
ҾͲ˵ˣǵģʣµѣǵƽ̯һһǧ
ֿ𻨣ͻȻ˵Ҫȥְɣǳ϶ҪҲҪֻ࣬ҪѰѸ˾С
ȥֱϼ
͵ػͷĿ絶Ŀˣĸŵģɶͥ㲻ռ㲻ǰɡ
սҲüͷͬĿ
𣺡˵Ӱɩ˵㣬ϱݺʰһ٣Ҫ¶
ս˼ңͰԼɳһӡ
ƣϯˡ
һʲôûɣǾϾǺƣ
廪صҾͿսںڰɫήҵӣæ߹ȥԱߣôˣȥˣ
š
ս彫;е̣ڴϲ֪£ŮȴΪסԺѳòɿ
廪˶٣
١
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ս٣ֶŮģܸô
ô˵ҪѪˡ
⻰ʵ
ս˲ԴˣˣȻ˾Ͳڣ͵ҲТ˳ɡ
ȥ͹ȥɣٺ˼ˡ
š
ļ죬սһȥһˣÿ춼ǲŵȥǮ֪º󣬻һȴû뵽˵ս岻Т˳׵ҲźǮҲֻ˶١
Ǯһô˵ԼɹŮ
Цô˵鰡ǵôңȥ겻ҲһôǰܺҽŴλˣĸİǵºӣСôǮôææΪ⣬СңΪңݣ˼ҲͿ˰
۾תת˵ˣˣֶŮĿɲԽŮȥˣŮٰҪ̫࣬Ұȥ˵
һ˵ˡ
մ󺣳Ժʱ򣬲ڰѵ¸̸£ˡ
ս٣ս٣ϴҳһǧһ϶ҳŰ٣ƽһϰ࣬ս̣𻨳ס
ս֪Ҳû˵ʲôֻͷСһβˡ
մ󺣻ָȻƫ̱ˣҰֲ֪ܶȻȳˣҪ˳Աźš
ʱѣ鷳ġ
ź˼죬ѧУȥˣȥɨгҲԸڼҷ̣һ˷̲ˣû취Ǯһ£սź
սܿ콫¸׵Ժȥˡ
æӭӽŵĹ
µĽֲͷHR츳λ˼ˣ˻ûƬĵ绰Ѿ򵽲ȥˡ
սֱһ١
ŻͲͣǸ˵绰Ͷֺĺá
Цͣȼ֮·˴ã³ʱ򣬺۾ֱˡ
ͳһķװһˮСᣬƶÿˡ
˿װ𿿽װ
ҪľѹԷ
θǻģͶҳŻöҸ˵дѧʦϿΣǾˡ
е㼤˵׻ǳ徢㰡һѧʦΣֱӹˣмѧҵԭϸڵģ˵׼оɶġ
г徢Žкð
ս巭ӣϽذ칫ȥɣ˵Ҫһˡ
GҾȻȥˡ
ִȸԾİ칫ңջѧͽһ߳Լ·˵ںķṦΰһߴӰ﷭˴ĳԵĶ
һֱҵ磬ǰˡ
ǡŵģһ˶һҲһȡ
õڶҲˣ̴һӡ
°ʱ򣬾Դӳ򿨵ص󣬾ֳ˽ͷͷйı٣˵ӻôõģɫôÿ
һʱں۵Ķˡ
ڼսȥռҿմ󺣣մ˵ģˣֱսûٻ˵ңҲ¡
ս˵ǰԲСʱû۹μҺúùӣռ¡
ս߶ܲζ
Ҳ֪ǲѺ󶼰ҷ˼սȴ֪ռҲ޸飬Բܷκ£ֻҪӣΪռҴС龾ĵǸѾˡ
ǰմѵ͵͵ļҴָսܾˡ
ʮǮ
źͶһãԼܵǮ˿ɫ
˵սˡ
ԶԶĻմ󺣵ĿҲ֪ڿʲô
鲻þ뿴ӣս廪˸ǩͻ˺Ҷɽ
ҵʱԶԶľ
ԲԲСս˼ţһ仰û˵Ϳſ򾲾ţһŻؿϻ͵ƴ롣
ս忴ˣ̽ӹʲôѽ
үүӻˣҸһ졣
ǰЩʱǸոôսһ١
컹ܴżµġ
ӹս崩õߣʼһһķ죺ǰ֪ȥļ࣬ʲô˾뻻ʵһ޻õġ
ս壺
⻰ʮҲ˵ʱѾӣݻˡ
ˣ콭ҵĻ˵СҪ㣬׼⼸ȥأ˵ʲôˣ㿴
սһ㶣ʱҲˡ
̣ȥһˡ
˵ˡ

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Ǹѧ, Ǳסˡ
ټǰ鶼һЩС֣Ҳ۾˶þͷ, ɿͲͬˣĻ, ľ飬ĽǽһղܣԷʱԱ߶顣
ں, ħĿ϶Ҫҳݺݴһ, , 㷴ýĸ, ֻöΪ˹ʳ
ңȵ, Ȼٿ
ĸݵԱߡ
ſϸĸʱһࣺ, ҰСʱǰպһ롣
, ˮһ¶
ĸɲܶӳŲţֻӲӣ, һȥϰ, 𶹸ԡ
Ӷĳ, ׼ܾ, ԱС, ճˡ
Ӷʱ۾һæ裬Ȳˣս϶ҡ˵꣬ҲȽĸӦƹĸ㼱ææ¥
˵Ҫȥң
սˣæʵ
һһˣѽһʮͼ
ߣȥ
սҲ飬ԽӾ¥鷿ȥҲźܣյ¥ݿڣߵĽĸͣĿ죬ȻĻǵײϲɡ
Ӵιŵ㡣ĸʶıȥȴȵĶ롣
Ǹӡ
սַסæҺСһȥ鷿
GGæ
ĸҲ֪æ¶æȥÿһߵ鷿ſˣһ䣺ǶӶҸʢ
裬Ҹճ꣬սʢһС
òãʳ˻ģӲԼ԰ɣæ˾ȥ˵ͷҲصĽ鷿
ĸվ˻Ŷ˷дԵõ̲סĹһĨЦݡ
ӣ˹ӡ
ǰЩꡭĸ̲ס̧ĨĨ۽ǣȻȥˣǶɷ򣬰˹ȥСǲԣ˰ɡ
һ߽ӹһţеˡ
ȥع
ãҳԡ
æӹھ͸ˡ
¥ϽҲЩӻĸӰҳ˵ݸս壬սӹһ͸оһŨŨӣ
ڻⷽ棬ĺ츳
ʵӣĻ滭ûй̶Ŀǰ˵·绹ûִ壬ҪôԲԲģҪôǺͰңҲַ񣬲ںķʱҲһֱȥһֱʮ󣬻Ž·չCLAMPճ󣬾ϸŷ翪ʼ
ŷһֱӰ˺Ʒʮ꣬ںУӵܶŷ磬ѧҲֻз
ӵ죬ﾫ¡
ӣķлϸ塣
µһҽŮǸŮӡ
ս忴ʶĿ۽ӣҪŮ
˫ڴĿ
սһͷͼһţҪＸˣ¿ſʽĿͷ
սһ۾ܿͷǽĥ˺þõģ֡
ƪսɻԹ¡¡¡ţɻը顯ʼըһŻʿŮϹһλˣǱӴܡ
ʿŮš
սۣأϸȡ⽭ӿͦʵǸоܻ
ƣˣϴŻĺͷľ죬ܲ죬ɾŮӻǴ㵽һСɽ˼ܴӣһ帾ˣܴһԱһҽŮ
С֣ܴҼҳŮͣʴӱҽΪӣѧɺͻصܴΪҽŮΪС㱣ӡ
ʱչʽӭ֣֮ս٣ܴҵж˵ˣֻһȺ档
еķ˺СǣжԼߣֻϷ˺һеж
ӴʱϷ˾ȳϷΪ˼ͥķչŮװܴţܴҡ
Ϊ͵꣬ͬˡ
ͷʼΪүܴš
ս忴鷢չɵЩ¡
ΪⱾǳصսƬɵܴһȺŻͷȶ˵ļ˺ֻǹ磬û뵽ȻǸŮװķܶ磿
ôô
Ŀս塣
սĿ⸴ӣô뵽Ůװģ
͡ҰЩ鶼ˣֶŮǵġҾ룬ӣǱӦñȽϲģǣоӣǱߵ״뻭Ĺ£ŮǾû취չˣԡ˸Ůװ⡣
ô
ս崹Щ
Ҳǲԣֻû뵽ѣӣǱƷλ⣬ʲôԵ¡
꣬ӣҵĻһʱĻңʲô߰㣬̨ܰ˵Ĺ˻ʱں˽һ޵߲ƷԡֻŮװѣ㲻Ͼ
иϷô
ɶϷһ£漴ͻȻ죺⣬ⲻðɣЩ鶼Ǹӿġ
ֲǸӿ
սֵĿһۡ
ӣ
˵ˣӣǱʮǰͱֵ˷ּƶȡ
ӳĬ˺һһЩߡ
ңҲᰡһûء
ðɣԼ뷨ɡ
ŮװĿǰ˵Ǻӱġ
̨ʶһЩЦģˣһЩQȣġ
ս˵ţԱߵĻʣŮһδװдջ˸QͷСˣٻһЩСż֮ģԺܱߡ
ԣĿɿڴ
û뵽ûأ뵽ܱߵˡ
⣬Ҫòá
׼Űɣһúأ
ӻе㲻š
ս嵹ǾúܻܿòϾĿǰ˵ŮװĹǺٵģټϽӵľ黭ĺܲڶʱŮҪˬӲ˵Ļ̫˧ˣֱˡ
һᣬսеġ
æŽӻڶᡣ
Ӽսûʱ˵ģսȥҲ⿪ʼΣһ棬ܹ׬ܶܶ㡣
սȥʱ򣬶̲ס˼Žӵ
ţԼҲеѾþûˡ
Ǽ鹦Σϰһ廪ŷ糾͵ˣһɽװ²ƤЬͷͷĨ͹ϻѵðѽ˿۾
ؼǣ۾ϻһӡ
ü΢Ŀѽһ˹İϢ

˻˺а
һȥŷ㵽Ҷɽˡ
廪߹ս߶һѱסӣһûأö
ڸȥ
˵ţսͿʼ廪§Լӵ֡
ƫƫ廪֡
Сܺĳ֣ȥ棬Űɡ
û˵Сܺȥ˳ռӡ
廪ˣ쿪Ὺһ죬ϰ˵Ϳʼᣬһֱǰֻʱϲ緹ڻҳԵġ
սʵѹָԴ
ҽ쿴ǰͬѧˡ廪˵
˭
սɻʵ
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׼ɣҹٹлᣬ⻹ǿġ˵ţ廪̲סЦˣ˵Ҫפسȥһͷȥһ档
սһҲɵЦˡ
Ǽ٣˼˵ˣ̲סĸˡ

128 ڿ

ӵ׸屻ȥǺȥˡ
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ܰ㻭, ֱںǱұ༭󣬶ͨҵġ
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ŵ绰Ĺֽ
ôˣ
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ӣǱ, ǽʲôӣٺϣ˲֮ôʲôҲ̫˰ɡ
սЦЦ˵, Ҫ֪ٹʮ, 硯ʲôģͺƽˣҪ, 硯ֶðĲС˼
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ϾҲԼѧԱǻ
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ţ
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룬ߵ绰Сܿͽˡ
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СԸæľˡ
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ʲôԸ
캰ҪҪЩ칫һл˳ɡ
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ζʱסˣѧ
ǰ
սĵͷڼҳǶԽԽԽӣ֤ЩҶڽƹ㹤ĻǿԵģ滭ģȻƣȴҲǽ֤˵ĿĿΪˣһഫУҲӦõġ
⻰˵൱Դǡ
ǻ˼ȴ˲getˡ
˼ǡ
ս͵Ƴһۣһֻ᲻Դ
Σ
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⵹ġ
εͷҲ뵽һ㡣
Щδ᲻ᵽھӵ츳Ժӵδкôġ
¶칫һϻʦǶͦȤģսǱҲܿ͸ѧУϵˣûһݣϻʦǾһ飬ѧУοʽȥˡ
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ЩҲӡ˶٣õҴȥãˣǮҸǮ㡣
ûǮұӡˢأֵ¶Ӱڰֽ֣űȽϱ֮ǰӵֿˣӡ㣬ҲǷˣǱȽճøĽ
Ľ϶ҪĵģԺ㶼ճģҪͿˮģֱϻ滭㶼̭ˡ
һֽãŸȻǱҪǻзֽţĻٸӡϵöϻʦûù㣬ټѧԱõģϵĺܡ
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УҲǮģǮ
սİɡ
Ӵظ
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úƼһȥһˡ
Ҳñð˵ͷͬˡ
һߣŽӵȵǱ˿⣬ȻԺ壬ԽӣǱԱ˾壬ڵӣǱߵĹҡ
ӣĹΪά𡯣Ӣдvictoryĳ确winӣ´Ϊ˫ܿÿ³һʮշУƯʹ˾ӣ˺ܴķߣάҲͶұΪӣṩ˲ٹλ
Ŀǰ༭ֲŵܱ༭Ǹн־ġ
ƴ֣˲Ǯܲ˵Ƥֱӽ߲¥Ŀǰֻʹ㣬㻹ûװޣܱǶ֪ЩطͶġ
ӵԡ硯͵άŮܱɽϡ
ɽһⲿҳϵĺӣ̲סͷۡ
ǻ᳤еı־һ㶼Ȩģûʲô⣬棬֮ǰĺӻĲţﻹͷһյء
ͷۣԹĿʼⱾͷ˾ص
ˡͻǻ᳤飬Ѿǵһοܱ¶۵ıˡ
Ҫ˵άĻ᳤ĺãٳڹ˾ܹ˾Ƹ³һҵ۹Ŀߣ᳤Σڹ˾ǰչҲӲָֻţ˵ǿԱϲϰˡ
ŵ㣬Ȼȱ㡣
λ᳤ȱöӣ
ǻ᳤ʹˣЩϾɣ۵ƷȽ࣬Ƚԣټϻ硭emmmǰѾüˡ
ԣưɣһҪĴʲôģ
סɽ̲סһ岻Σе˼
澫¾ҲȽӱŰϵһЩ⣬һƷ
˼һ̲ס绰᳤飺ʣܺԭ߽һЩͨô
ⲻ̫㡣
᳤ֱӾܾˣΪԭ򡭡ʲô뷨ĻҿԸȥ
ɽԣԺ˲ǧ˿ƣָͷ롣
Ҳ֪뵽ʲôЩôǺðɣϾȥ
ţĿǰסڹ⣬ϵʽҲһϵϡ
ɽ˲Ȼϻ᳤ݣȻȻԲԭ߾סƯԭ߹ͨ˼ͷˡ
ȽõӣǱߵ޸ķѾһԺˣܿ޸ˣ廪˼̨ô淽ʽ˺࣬ȵӣǱһܣάڿˡ
ɽĿ˿¸ӣ˿
ҺԷˣĽ˲٣Ŀǰ˵гڣЩЦĵ㣬ѾһܲƷˡ
ţƺء
뷨ɽ轫Ž˳УΪʮϸ徫˸ʻҳ
ɽһͿмļҳò˵ҳȽϼ򵥵ʱһžҳʮֵˡ
㲻û
뷨ɽⱾֶЩ

129 

Ůװֹ, ʲôʱֶʱġ
ɽڴµİ¿һߣΪӵĻԡŮϵŮͻˡ
Ӽͷ, Ϲʽ, , żһհָӤϵĻ棬ݰ¿еľڡ
ΪһŲʻҳͼ
ݰ¿󲻵һݵĹ, Ѿӡ, һǧᣬһǧᣬ˵Ŀǰ˵, Ѿﵽ˴ĳ̶ȡ
Ҫ, ӶҵҳϣȻϹϼͥϲ
ͬͨӣһ, ӵйϣǵĹѪŹĻԼΪ١
ܴҵվ˵, ˵ܴҵļҽ̾ôĺá
ΪŮװӾܴܵϷϸѵ
Ҳˡ
ӵĻԡˣһʱҲֻ־ˣȻһһȫǳԵһأǡͣӻװд档
˿˺ֻ
ѽѽ, ĺڴŮ˻ʲôѽ
һֱĿ, һѾȥ˴, Ѿ¶ɽһǣۿɼһƪƪȻȻģбҲʼˡ
Ϣܿͨ˾սĶС
ð
ս̲ס˷ܵһӡ
ҲǼ⻹ͷһбģǰЩ͹ȥƷնˡ
˵˿׼׬ǮĸоҲǣ
һ˵бҪˣҪСҲվ˽Ÿˣò˵εĹ»Ǻܲġ
ѪеⱾ鹣ֺӱֱĸЩ⡣
һ㣬Ǹ˽Ӻܶļ
ڽĻ滭г˼顣
ʵԤ岢һ£ɵĹ£Ƴ񻷱¡ȴ͵͵ɵӣԼĲѧԼ̵˼ͬŮӣǼŮڳɺ˲ͬˣĲͬĻפ£ںլŪƵĹ¡
Ƴ㳵ˣӦоУƳʱǿ۷ĵ¡
ô˵Ӻ޲ðеĻƳճģ
ǽӻοӣںƳ𻭣ģ廯ʻӡȷ趼ˣսһǹˡ
˵ĻܺãĿǰʡ
һ仰ˡ
ǽӻǲģڻӵĻԡͬʱⱾΪУʱʱĻʣĴĥǱȡӵĻԡĸ࣬Ҳ
ս忴ͦ޵ģٿ£Ҳܲ
ڶǰǸ谮˵ɵ𣬿ԴӶڴϣ󣬱㽥ڻӣʱѾļƵӡ
ʹˣϢ
ٵСʱڳṲ̊˶ӣ񿴵ΪյİŮܿڴܵ˹ʼֲ׳һ
ԺٳɣȻҲͦá
е̧ץץԴⱾ黹ûأż
սżֺ˿˵ģ½˵ɼͿʼƮΪֽڡɡ滭̫ʱˡ
ǾͺãúôĥƷ
ֽһ䣬սŴӽҳһţͿ廪վⲻԶ£Ÿѩš
սæСܹȥôȥѽѩⶼˡ
ûУҸյġ
廪ҡҡͷͷգˣǱ绰ˣ÷ż˼ӶȥѰ˼Űȷʵûȥ߾ľȥ˼ǱߵҲͦãͬˡ
û
սڰ֣ԲԲǣûʲôĵģ鷳ɩˡ
û¶ɩ˵ûԸӲΡ
Ǹá
ȻӵĳɼǽɺԸⲹεĻҲֵɡ

ô˵ģ
е㲻Ը⣬ƽʱ߻ϰˣںͻȻˣžùġ廪뵽ǲͬı飬̲סЦȺˣˣˣǰûһ齫һĿڴ齫
ս壺齫
齫зˣ
Լѽ
廪ЦЦ㻹˵齫˼·ҵأСǱǻ˸齫˶˼ˣоһأо
ս壺
ĳɿģ
ͱ߽Ǳ߶оǿ飬СĶóоһ飬齫ǵһ廪˺ѩİװСṩ˼·ȻĻӻеĥء
ϣ
ʦĶӣѧ廪Сƨ棬Ҷѧ
ھô
ȥǱ£˳㿴һ¸ĸ
һͿ˵˸ؼ㣬ֱӰ齫ˣò˵Ҳһ
սһ⻰ʱЦˣмİרˡ
ˡ
廪ӣˣˣǲ֪᲻˲ɹǹڵǴʡǱߣС
ɲǲСô
δˮںˮе齫ڣ
ˣ齫ǻоʲô
һЩƷ
廪ûϸ˵ֻһࡣ
һ߳ѩһҵķȥûż٣徻ʱս廪һݾЬ࣬ɳϣ廪սϣԼͶ䡣
˯һžͿģ̲סĹЦ
ɶʱѽҲҡ
յ糧ûʲô£һСе¾͹ˡ
廪۾ȽϿգˣҺеҪ˵
ǹһ򲻹ܣǺǻ͸ˣ°ڣСȥˣϰǳԺ⡣
̱æˣҴ˲˻ġ
˵㣬ÿˣҪи׼˲ɡԹǸ˵˵Ȼ߸˵ȥˣŲ˼֡
սϥǣ廪æ˸¶һֻ䣺ˡ
ǻǻˡ廪ţ㳧̫ԶˣеĻȥסˡ
ãʹˣȥȥ̫ڣ߼·Ҳû¡
ս˵˵ţ̾˿һǵͷһؼأʱͷкͷأڶȫˡ
Ͼʮˡ
ʮϡգۼ䣬Ҳˣ໹ء
Ҳ֪жͷˡ
仰һʱ˶ĬˣԼͬ¶ģԺֻҪʱ䣬סҶɽ۵Ҳû£˴ˣ߶źСȻľɵֻ£
ֹһݣСѧĩ
Ӿͣıʦȥμһᡣ
־ڴˣֻμһ͵˹ڣԲԲ죬ÿһ䣬ս廪ȥһͿԲԲЩǹƵģ˼һrua
ǲõˡ
ֻԲԲĻ˵ģ·ĲƵġ
ǺӰ㡣
óɼ浥ӵѧϰһҪս嵣ġ
ԲԲأʮֿ̿࣬ɼȻһ߸ڶˣɼеƫƣѧ֣ıеĻĿ˷֣ѧ࣬Ǿʮ֣ĺһ㣬ϾǸϲڵģסһС
ͳɼһҵ
ɺҵʱҵһˡ
Ҳ˷ܣҹʰȥ˼·͸Žɺ˻𳵣ʡȥˡ
˺ǣսͿʼæȾ
ȥ°꿪ʼȾͿʼ𻨴ԹһֱھȾѾȫȾ꣬ƬҲˣֻʣ¼ˡ
ӰӵǱҲʼæµ
İ칫ҿŴ칫æµӣǸĽһȾƵʱƾ̲סĴ֣ʵҲиĿ
ֶžƱֺǺǣܳ˵ҲܳĿ顣
ֲ֣ͦѵġ
һҲЩסˡ
ƣ̾һɶʱнᰡЩѧȣǽϵ˸ס
أ˼ھʣˣҲ̫ˡ
ûЩСƬڴˡ
ָЦһҲǹ˵¶ܹô
δѧ㻹ȥ֣СƱϹЦЩʵҪǲȥҿɾȥˡ
ȥȥȥһȥĸǣæͷ

130 Ŀ

ķչ, һգ۵ĹͿҪˡ
𽥽졣
ȾۿžҪս忴ǵĽȣ㽫ˮ졷ܸκ˹, һͷˮ, ͱսһ仰ˡ
˭ܶĿ, һĿģ
, રળ˰֧, Ÿ˸ѡSһֱңԸҲأҲȫ, ЩһֱҵұۣҪ˵˭ܴĿĻ, ѡ
, ǳ׼μǡĳƪԸԸĿ
δӸո̲סļ, ⻰, ֻĵһɼ֮⣬޲ԭرQйһ, ص, ֻ߬ȭͷ, ΢΢ʵ˵μǵĳƪ
, ûƪ, 
ս忴ε۾, ˵
úú, ھȥȥ˵Ҳս巴ӦתŶ
ս棬̯һЩɵıʼǱ
ʼǱ˺ܶණݺӸţǶǵдһЩ֣Ǳİ˿ˣһͷˮֻս֪ǵս飬׼߶һʱģǰЩӾ磬ԼĶƷ
Ϊ˱ʼǱսμǵĶ棬Ϊ˰μǣҪӳȻֻʮһǾǾ䣬ʮһϺպʮΪٵ
ܺĴٵ¾ֻ°Ӵˡ
룬ְ°Ӵ˸Ȧ
Ȧ̲ס˸ʺš
˵ֶ粻ײ裬ǣ°ӴμЩͬڵӾǰֻǴ˵ѣ˵ﶼϷɺѧضĴȣȻǲ˵㡣

񻰾绹ǿġ
Ʃ硭ի
¼£ҲǸĿ
SʱսѾڷ籩˺üˣSһŸ£ͽյճصμǵĶܸײô
Sһ£æֱӣ߲ĻǿԵġ
϶Ǳ߲һ칫һİ칫ҵĲͬ߾ȽϹ̶˵ʱ򣬾缯öһ㣬񻰾磬϶вٴ򶷵ĳϾҲҪҲҪע㣬治Ҫ̡̫
ͷİɣֻǡƬ
սĬһ£Сڹҵ̨Ѿ˹񶯻ضƬҲӰһλ
ڹҵ̨һƬĲλ
Լռ˵ʣµĻǹ̶ĲŽڶ
μֹ񶯻϶ڹ̨;ڹ̨ţǣѾûλˡ
ʱ̨ȥһˡ
㲻õģҸÿǵģڵǺúȡܶˣȰʦͽ˵ͼҪȿ⣬ǿ»ٹͨ
Sһ⻰Ȼ˷ˣȻûҪٷˡ
͵̨Щͨϲͷ㴴
Sˣս룬绰Ǳߴ˸绰
ӵ绰һ
Сհʲô£
Ա߿ˣˮƿˮﵹˣԼıʼǱͳȥˡ
Ѿµ绰ľǾλ
˵ģŲˣҲôһλܸӴʣֵܿģҲһλˣȻңΪճ͹
ģǳƬڹ̨
šһ£бʡ
Ϊսģû뵽ź°
Ŀǰ̨һƬĲλλǳģֶǳƪѰ˼ţƺƬƽҲ֪ǳСѼ˵ϲȻϲҲǲеģΪ¶Ҷüû˯ˣʲôýô
һһü㻹뵽˵ʱ򣿡
˼ڴˣΪ˵ǣǲеǸ˼
⻰˵ģ裬Ϊմ֣Ǿһֱķ룬Ƕô࣬ôѣҲΪϰմȥ֣⻰ҿɲ
̲סߡһ
ԼˣҲôֵܵλǣ
ս˲ʾڴĿɲһҶ󣬶ؿ
˼ǣϣĳӵĶҲϹ̨
⻰ôôأ
ǿ϶ġ
Ӵͦ氡
ԸóԼĽĿ
ûģǣǲͬѽսЦһʵɣе㲻뷨һ²
ˡ
ͻȻֳ䶨ĸо
˵˵
ǹвʡ̨Ĳݹۿȥȴ֣ûںǵĶͯƵȻһͯƵȷʵʺϣǲǸøһɵʱأ˵ǰһСʱպúǷѧˣҵҲдˣһϲĽĿʱüҳҲ˰࣬㺢ӡ
ƣһƣ⻰˵Ķ
һֶš
ֱӸ˵Ҫʲôɡ
͹̨ǱĿǳٳһƬҪʮһ

զأ
ȻȻǺˣǳҲԳһЩʽֻҪڲŶƬ֮ǰһǳƬˡս̾˿ʼ񲿳߿ࣺǳѰһܶסµĻʦ붼룬Ҳ˵ҰѱƬ鶼ڴˣʹˣǳﻹȱأȥԺˣҪȺϽڱӣ˵˵̫ˡ

ѵòãĴβʰ̯ӡ
ʵмһֱû˵ҡսӡ
ʱԴһ壬˵㾫񣺡ʲôң
ʵǳѾһߵǺĹϵӣǻ𱬣һڰ¿Ѿ׼ебˣһǧ۳ɱҲ׬ǮأҲ˰ɡ

ʵ֮ǰҲ˵¶ġ
Ѿˣʲôʱ˵ģ
͵쾩ʱҲǸ˵պǵĵӰҲҪڣ׬ô
Ϊ˵ǡСʦ塷ô
۳ǺǾĹϵܺãҹ˾ϰͬʱӣƯѥȵضԼĲҵƯרģü飬ӣǿһ־ңڣǺоģǵڹнɼҲǸܲɷֵĹϵġ
ս⻰˵漫ˣѺġ
ҵ˼ǣǹиõĶƽ̨ĴͶ뵽˺õƷǾ԰ǺͺǱǢ̸ʱԴԴϵҲȶĸԴάֹҵķչʱ׬Ǯ׬㣬׬˵ǮǵĹңҪʲôɱһٶð
ò˵սⷬƻʮ㡣
ȷʵƷڲͬĻڻޱġ
ҡ
սͻȻѹĻΪѽ
һ١
ǿĽԼ˼Щ鼮У뿴ȵʮǶĺӶˡ
Ŷ
̼
붼ԼЩ
ټҲǵģɲûűˡ
£ҵúú룬ȹҵ绰ɡ
˵꣬͹˵绰
һ͵һһߺ飺Ҫȥһˡ
æȥȥˡ
սŵ绰æϸĻһԼոյĻ
ȻԵЩ׾ģڼ
еʱ򣬲ķԲġ
ս˼һûʲô⣬Ͱ¶ԺȥˣСòǱ߹һ¡
һƼ͹ˡ
ѽϰ˱жǮ
ƼЩ£ǡ
ϴôóǮǸ֯Ⱦϵء
ţиĿ
Ƽ˵ͷãھͻȥ°ǰ͹
ˣȳȥɡ
ǳȳˡƼͷת첽뿪ˣʱܱ󣬿ɲˡ
սڱʼǱдϡٶĿǰһְƬܱڶеáԱߣ˸дϡѡ
ս年˹ǣˡ
Ƭдλ
սԼ̫ˣ

131 

Ҳ֪ô͹ҵ̨ͨġ
º, ̨һٶĿɰ塷ʽ
ÿ㿪Ϊ
㵽ʮʮӣΪʦ, ҪһЩְʦһЩСѧȤζ, ߹ʫʼͣʲô, սǿҽġ
ʮʼŵһƬ, ĿǰݶΪǻ
ǻ, 岥һһְľƬ, Ȼ, мʱҲǹʱ, ŴʵǮȥӵĹλŵܱ߷װ, ܱϷ, ֽ֮Ĺ档
ս岻֪ô̸, ̸ֻ֪󣬹̨λԱﶼϲá
ӦǴ˲١
ǻӹõ˰Сʱ, ʮʼŵڶƬݶΪСССְĹλ, ԺЩºҵӵܸϷˣȻ, λ¸廪ȥ顣
Сʮ, ǰСʱϷʱ䡣
һսֻ˼ơʫʴٶ԰ȶƽСĿ, ĿϺְĹʱ䣬ֱ;Ϸֺ󣬲һ
ΪμǡûлĿǰڲǺġè
ƪڻˡｵ͡ë˼ǡԼġɨäϵеӰμǵĲǴӺǷź쿪ʼ
ʱǾƷ˵ǲеġ
κξʵ̫ˡ
̨˺ǩ
ģӰ£۶϶ʱؿĵžž졣
̨ǱһСϱμĲ

սնĵͷ˵СҲһˣʱᣬ֮ȡ⵵ĿҲΪⲿƬϾ۴飬壬ڹڶġ
ĿǰܴԲѵ˵Ϊ˰ٻš
ǽĿĿˣǾƾˡ
ǲΪ̧ƬҪôõĶô
˱սһϵЦˡ
⣬͵˵õĲһ
ǳҲǰԵģμȷʵҲͼʮѡ
ʮˣ
пԣǳ˳顣
ҿֵܵλ֧ҲӦõˣҼǵϴ㻹˵ǸʲôҲ򵽣
ֺǺǵĵͷܡ
۾һͬ־ģ
ֺǺǣа
սһЦǶƬ¡
ֻ̨˭ҳƷģǲܡһ̯̬ȥ̸ˡ
ȻԭȲ档
Žյ鷿ţս̲ס̾˿
һ죬ǾҪչ֣Ƭӻų̂Ź򲥷ȨĴӡ
ʦõ£սһСѧʦ¼ơ
̸ֺ̨££ȻԸսӣ͸սһ
սʶʦֻսӣı򣬾ʹû
»سǣȫҲսĻӭģɷҲԼС˼Ǿ𻨰ѹһ仰û˵ͳǵ顣
˵ɩӣֱСʹ
սͰ
һҪϵӣʱ˶ˣҹһ󼤶
ս֣û뵽㻹
Ͼմ󺣲֪ǻҽԺʱս嶼ֵôĮǰս廹е룬մ󺣳ºһ㶼ˡ
˭뵽սȻһأ
ֻһʦҲֻƼҪǽĺãȻིܶڣҪǽĲãпҲֻǳָһξûˣҪԼպûᰡ
Ӧõġĵͷ
ϽʦˣڽѧǺĵõġ
룬ս廹һ䣺һȤζͣΪǵڿΣûлҪıһڿηʽ˵һҪȤĬ´һҪ塣
ϽĽЩ
ϻصңϢɷͺӣǶܼǳֵܣһԼҪϵˣϵĻϲɰ壬˷ܵڼﱧź
սѹȥȥ֣˵˵
Ҳһݣ¶һøУ˵һ
ӦõģҲǶѧУˡսĵͷȻЩɵĿ񣺡Ǳߡ
Ȳ˵ɣҪǱ֪ˣһڡ
ıѧʦսıһˣͦսƣȥս鷳
СսĨĨսҲЩ
ҲǻһĹôء
ææµµһݣɰĿ˳ڼ䣬һ˲кӵĿ⣬ǿͷʦãԼǰСʱĶͯգüиĸϲ
ȻĸϲģǾûôϲˡ
ǿͷʦã¼ƵǵڽĿǰ˶ѧʦȤζ⡣
ҳſӣˣúѧ˼
ڼҲǳֵץӣ룬ǰ֮ǰ׼ѧҹдһʫʽ⣬Ϊʱʱ̼̿ǵս˵ҪȤĬžϰ˺ܾá
ڶ죬˰æߣ˸ױ˼Ư·ȥ˵̨
¼Ƶʱ΢ЦᣬȤ崺磬ǰе࣬һһԵøϵʦʦͺܵúϲˡ
ϸĸñʦʫʵʱҲûôˡ
һ˳սҲͲٹע
Ьˡ
ǲЬڼʮȫ֪ģ񣬾˾Ьȴ٣սڳﵽλȥԼӣŵ֪ôˡ
˵Ǹ˼ңǰǾǸϵģһֺЬӡ
ûˣˣǸɣЬӴˣְմ˺ӣΪЬĺãڼŵǰҲ͵͵ʳЬ
սõַ󣬾ȥˡ
˼ҶʮˣģͥӶǳĹˣѵõĺ֮ҡ
һս˵ﳤ˫Ь˼ҲûʹӦˡ
żϱһڵʱʮ˫Ь
ս˶ʮǮֹѡ
˼ûҪֻ˵֪սǾĳ˵ĺӶϲǳĶ͵͸ճˣսҪҴҰǮ˼һæˡ
ϻ˺Ҷɽ
սʮ˫Ьó˫廪ļ˫˫˫ʣµ˫ȫ
ģǱ궼ȽȣЬ˲ţ͸ĺܣ·ϻĥţʽ˵˵㣬ҲǺÿġ
õЬЩܳ
Щ꣬ΪΣֻҪ廪õϵģԸȥҪ̫ˣصⱲӶ
ûϻʲôر
ɴʱ˿̣ǰЬӡ
ֹĺۼأȴϸܡ
úáһߵͷһֽӹЬӣȦ΢죬ɬѹԴñ˿ʧ̬
ææߵɳǱߣԿ
ЬӺǺϽš
վţЬͣƶƵġ
˲˿ࡣ
ǲģĥɣԺڼﴩ᲻õĦЬӣԺѾʼĥҪҪѼľذ壬ߴשˡ
ȷʵҪֱţ׾ͺˣȥͲĥˡ
Ǹã˰æңһЩЬϡһн̲סľЦˣЬ˵ӣ⼸˫ȷȥ
ˣϽЬɣóˡ
Ҳˣ϶ǴЦ
ֻʣôһˣƫƫӻûûӣֲСˣΪӸеǣָ廪չ˵أƫƫΪûˣ濪ڡ
񿴼սЬӣ˺ܾõİ˵
úáֺǺǵİЬ˷䡣
ֲڼңأýˣﻹŲ豭һžͺϰǴ齫
ɺ޸ܣΪɺ׵Ľƽװһɴű˺ϡ
򣬰Ӵڿ徻æ齫Ǳҡ
ⲻ
Դ廪齫ԺЩϼһ￴Ǿˡ
ռŸ׼ݵıˣճܵڿ졣
һ߸齫Ǳߣһ߻廪廪ѽ齫Ǿɶʱа
ĿǰֻӦƵǱߡ廪еΡ
齫ֶʵǴŵġʵģұ滹е綯ɶģɱߣͨϰҲԸɴ齫ֱרҵˡ
ǡGһͦһץץԴèץƵġ
ʹˣݣƽûǲ鷳Щ϶ģĵĺܡ
ϵԴ齫
ϴƵڶ߻ơ
⻹ءλͷķ򣺡ҪС
żԼأϾ͵
䣬ſִһүŲ豭ˡ
̴ͯһѣʼơ
ѺͻȻ̾ϰǸ϶ϧûôõĶûˡ
ɲҲ̾ڼӻ
һͽѾ˳ҶɽȦӵϰ׸ԺˣһһһܡսˣСˮԱźš
ЬӾͺ廪鷿ֲֹ֪ıЩʲô
սҲģЬӾ¥ȥæˡ
һȫǰ״̬սѾȫѲרĴˣļĿҲһһĽȥˣֻҪܰѿؾˡ
֮ǰѰ˼ԼþûٻһģڶѾϾ˼ˡ
һֱҹ廪ϴ裬ˮ¥
սԹأͱӺ汧סˣȻ͸оĳһֻƵԼĥš
սʶûһ£ֻʵôˣ
˸顣
ţսһ£΢΢ͷⲻͦиҲЩ
ҲϲһմѧҵСѾͷ¶ͦĥ䡣
Ǿͻ
սƳһۣͻȻתЦЦĿλҲͨԱձҵģôܵ߶أ
廪Ķ׹С
淳ˣɶʱͣ
սתȥͷд档
ǰ㱨һʱ򴫵ﲻ
ôսü㻹ţ
ǿ϶УЧ̫ˡ廪վֱӣ˳ڣѾпõˣ͵Ρ
ŲߵĲЩӣˣҲÿʲôԡ
ŮѧûǼһÿء
¸иƻᣬһȥ£֮ǰûȥ˵ίˡ
Уȥ˰ɡ
ս屻Դûӣֻõͷ

Ҳ¶¶ˣ֪ʮûֻиңػ
һգ۾͹
廪ľƻҲٿ
СΰϳԷ±˰ͬվڰ칫ſڣ̽ͷ˿ͷףСأôӰ˵СΰСѩ鲻ͦõô㣬˸Сţһ쵽Ӱġ
廪۾ԷҼأȻͳȥˡ
˵ţվʰϵĶСҳȥȥˣСѩǲҲ֪ڰ˼Сɽºء
ˣһ£Щҵ˲᳡ôʲô˰
ӡ
廪ЦЦǶȥʡˣѵпգȻҪˡ
ҭһ£漴Цǵ
ɲҿ˼Һþأ˼˵ð커գҪμʲôӰʲôģæĺܡ廪ǡѧζ˵Ҫȹӣ˵ÿģ͸Ŀ˵ɶҪĴ󷽵壬Ի񣬰˵
˵žԼĹİ߳칫ңԿţˣҵûȥˣȥ˼ֲˡ
Ҳ̫ˣܲ⣿
˵ˣŮ˰ͺñһ飬ݺòÿûںڷ֮ǰ˭֪òÿûȴһӾһӵоḻںĺ飬ĺ飬ɲϸϸƷζô
廪һźġ˼
㰡˵⻰˵ûôһ顣

ܾԼںˡ
ˣҵˡ廪ϵıͷתСţȸԾ뿪ˡ
廪ı飬ӣСΡ桭
ƳǵˡСѵ
̧ߡ
廪ҵʱսѾʰˡ
˯ǰϴͷͷʪʱͱ黨裬Ժ󣬽ûȥϰˣĺڳֱ˾ȻԺ˸ŵỨͷڿλã˶ŵ޻ϻ˸µױϴŰɫƵļ޲ۣûڴһ룬СȾģǲһ˫ϸЬ
һؾţֻͨ޲ۣȴ˿Եۣ͹˺ġ
սſֱۣ廪ȻһЦϸ˰ڣôÿô
廪۾Ųˡ
ϴս廯ױ˿ȹƬ͹ÿˣҲûʱ˿̺ÿ
Ϊ칫ҵԭսܰףһ͸ˡ
ʶǰȥסĺѹԵıƽҺˣôÿһ˿üС
սĻŭŵգ𡣡
˵ļ򣺡Ҳ׼·
Ķ䣺װӴ
廪۾һ
ھͻ

132 ƻ

延ϸƵĳ
սϵɫ, ȴϸܶ࣬Ϻսվһʮֵĺг
Ϊ廪ϵϺԼһɫ
, ˧
廪ץ귢͵ս, תߵǽǵϴϵ˵ˮϴ֡
廪ߵ󣬶ϴϵľӿ˿ԼͷŻͦ񡣡
ǵȻսԼջǺŵġ
Ժôͷˡ廪̲סѧսӣץץԼͷ
ѽѽõķ͡
սһҸ㣬ʱ, Ҳû, ôʪȥߣ, һץһ˵ȥ˭أ
廪
ͺ޹
νŮΪüݡ, ȻŮˣȴҲ뿿һƤסŵע
ˣŮ˱𵱳޸ԼʱˣսμŵʱɫǻƵģ¶дܹĿ࣬⼸ĺǻţеʻǻĽ, ӡ
˸鶼ȽŨҡ
ͦ¾˲׷
սɲ֪廪СžţĿŻָķͣЦеĵͷ, Ǹóˡ
˵, Լְ, ȡں, žӾͲһ¿ں죬˵ˮ
ˡ
廪յӼţ㡣
ӹģʮƿأһ
ս忴˿ϴϵζţֻʱմҵĸоҪ֪ʮˮɾò˥ڣȴһϴϣڱսУȴʱյĽС
廪̲סĴչȥš
ĥ˺һ˲ֵĳš
廪ųս嵽˻᳡һţսס廪ĸ첲ϹЦݡ
СΣˡ˵һŶˣȺ廪֣Ȼſս壺˰ɣ棬ֲСνصôء
˵ţҲս֡
ĻĵģеľҲģֻǲصûʧ̬
ҲصʵǹæϾǱԹüˡ
սЦ˵ֿ廪廪ſڽܣǹܾͶʵƳ
áսƳ˵ͷ
Ƴ̲סӣһ˲
ٻѾɿ廪ѾսһƳ˵ˣƳһ˵ֲСοǸأĽޣӹ֬׷ۣ˭ܿأ
ſֵ˼ƳλƵĸ˹ȥ
սܿľͼλѩǰ顣
һͨĿԱæµŶԵ廪ʱȻȻľͿ廪첲ս塣
ò˵ѩȷʵеʱġ
ȻӲߣʤС磬Ƥ𪣬Ц𣬿ʮֵĴ档
˵ģŮӶЩþٳ˵ͦɱģܿϧѡˣѡ廪
ɰô
ɰԸǰһĲֵ
սֻƳһۣ˸Ϊ塯󣬱㲻ٿ
ѩս忴ʱǽģһ˲̲סĽӲΪԼǽţΪһս⣬ͺèʱ̲סըëһ㡣
ˣΡ
ս庮ѵʱͻȻһǻֵ
ͦ˷ܡ
սתͷͿһ𷢵ߡ
˿սʱ̲ס۾һ
廪ҲкȻסսҵӣա
ŶãķˡùĴк
ս֣ӢĻصãҵӢĻǿӢĽ
һ˸˵¶ʱ˿һظҵķ뻹ûԡֻ˵νҵġ
ǿԺúģļ嶼ӰķģҵһƬ˾ܲá
һ㶣սʱͬˡ
ǰЩЩƬĲƴͣƬ˾ĸ־ͷ·˲ˡ
ս翴Ųү
ðһ䣬Ƭ˾ģ
ĻĿǰҵġսݸǿĹڵӰ£ȻҺ͹ҵ̨ǹϵҲǲǱ߻Ŀڲ
ȻȻ̵ͷͷѾʼ
ǲʱǲԸġ
˻󣬿ЩʩͨĽʱɻعɼгȴ˵Ϊڻǣ̻Ǿ޴ġ
ûܻȥĳɣֻӲͷƤ¡
ں廪λ£ʳҲ˺ܶľɫ˵Ǹȼٵĺõطٶ⼮ʿ˵
طõǣһƯ˵ǹʱڻȴӱĻһʼۣͱȺɵǮĸϷ˸ɾ
ƺ˸ԩͷ
ںսҲ廪һۣСҧ䣺ô£
ɵģȽϺúƣʹĺƾˡ
廪Це˵Ų̵Ļ
á
սʱЦĸˡ
ѩվڽﱧŲӣ˵˵ȴ̲סƳһͱͬ·ˣͬڽţǱߣһ˿ģȴɴЦףǲθƳô
ţѩһĵĻع
ΪԼ͵ˣնʱЩ졣
θƳӿÿ˵λɲء
ôѩ䣬Ҫ̽顣
ǿƳʱ˵ģǾƬĳ˵ǳرÿиӰ˹ʴء˫ģдųݣ˵֮ǰ˳Ǵδ𣬾Ϊ˶һء
˶ˣ֮ǰϲǸɨäӰ
аǻҪֶ֪ҿʦˣҪš·һ䣬̲˾졣
ֶҲϲǻֶŮÿ춼ǸƵȥģһ߿Ž⣬һ߿Ƭɶˡ
ѩԽԽ䡣
Ưܸɡ
һȲϣ
Դ᳡ͷߣȴڹսǴһסˣȻͱס죺𳳡
ѩǱŵȻ󿴼סԼˣ˿
ɿ֣һ£Żͷʵ廪ˣô
ˣ廪ҹϵģǻ˰ɡѩ̾˿
ô£üͷ
ӱҺÿˣǴѧ˵ӢģƬĳʲô˼ұȣһ廪˶̥Խ˵Խѩе㻳ɣĸ񾭴ˣȻȥ廪
죬ۺɵĿѩ˵ģ
¶һôƭ㣬ֲǲܽȥԼȥ
ѩҲˡ
УȻԼȥ廪ǿ϶Ҫȡģݲ򵥡
ѩߡһһֱ˵ݲ򵥣ûʲô˵
Ƴѩһۣлһ˿ᷳ
廪ڲһ͵Ĳ֪ھб⣬˶ΪͨĴѧ˲ţȻ廪Ҳûȥһ飬Ҳܲ
ɵף˻ٲǣ
ȱȥ˵
˵ţһ·᳡ķȥˡ
սûչ廪һͷˣҲǺþûĵôˣĴţƣսǸ죬߻ᴵʺƨģûӢģֱӰѷҲű
ĸʵ̫ˣô㡣
սʵеİοŷ
սʪģǸжˮ
ǰҾҵĸһǲˣҵĵܵܡ
ңǰģֻǰķʽôˣûһײԼĺӣķ룬ҲöĹϸײǡ
սŲ豭ŷ¶Ц
һ£ģ
ȻǻʱĸǣΪŮģڸĸǣǣ˽ǵ빤ǹǻָĸĹڸϢʱϢ
ս˹ƻԣϸ룬ǷĵܵȥưɺȾʱڼĸ׿飬죿
Ѿˣʲôĸӣĸġ
һȴˡ
ȷʵĵܵܣǸģթˣȷʵ
ԣҪԼУһЩΪֵһЩ
廪Ա߿ţֻսЩƭ˼Ǯƭӡ
Ҳ֪ôģͻȻʹӹĵ˼ͥ˵󣬷Ȼһս嵱֪Ľӣ¿ˮ廪Ϲ΢ЦܻһҪӻǮս
ƫƫƭԼţܲ𴩣Ҫæ
̸Щĵˣ̸ɣҼǵﻹһô
ǰ챻ȳˣӶĸ׻ὫйĵܵܣŶ죬ǼֱǸ硣
ڻֻһݹȴ֪ǲǹһǮ
йɷݣ
˵ȥˣҪиõĳɼȥø׿һ¡
ܰһæ
գգ۾
ŶǸ̸̸ˡ
Ȼ
ȵϾƻῪʼʱսѾ̸£һˣ˵ջ޴
սĻǴɵģ׼󣬾ʣǲǻĸĸ󶼻ὫԼĹԼĺӡ
ȷֿ廪ЦĵҲ̫ˡ
Լ˵ϽﻰⶼǶԵܵܵļʣԼǲԹߡ
սʼ򣺡Ҳһʵ̫Բˡ˵꣬üͷе֣Ҳ̫ƭ˵㣬һըң˶ŵ㡣
廪ԣе׼ͷս忪ڣӰǵ£ҿǺƵõͺš
̨Ұɡ廪̳ûսҡҡ
ܼүǶüһ̨أͲ𣡡
Ǳ߻Ǯ򣿡
⻹ࡣսƳһۣ۽ȴ߹ϤףʶЦݣƳǡ
ϯˣǸϯˡ
ллƳһȥ
սס廪ĸ첲ź᳡ߡ
᳡ɱΧҶˣǷȥˣսŷֲмƻˣвףոյķ⣬ֻһԱ
Ҳ档
廪ӵʱһ㶣漴˹
Ҳˣ´һ£ֶϱɱƽʱƯ̫ˣЩױƷͶˡ
սͷ
Ȼ˵Ҫľ͵ͷԲ˾ˡ
ѹĵƻصֻҪû˻עġ
ս壺
ɲ¶
£ս巢֣¶ܸɵĳġ
Ϊԣ˵ˣûˣ

133 

սľ޵ǳЧģ
ѩ׾ٵĲǰ, 廪ֻòҲˣˮҲˣ¿
Ȼ, ҲûлģƩ硭
Ǹ, СΰͶʿƵƳԷʱ򣬶ŷе廪칫
廪æˮȿˮͷ˳ȥƳ
ָϽʰӣе, ʰһ¡
û¶, 绹ÿ, ҰڸͳɡƳһŵӣֱǵλãʮֵĲСڡ
廪ˮĲ豭, Ȼ¼Է
Ƴҧ˿ͷ֮ǰżǰ, Ǳ߲Ǹ˸ȥѧУĻ
š廪ƳһҳӣҲû, Ҳͷʼԡ
ҶʵСͰ, Ҳ֪ţ, ֻѧϰɼҪϴҶ˾Щʦǵݽ, ȥ˵Ժ󳤴Ժŵʱ˵Ҳ˵, Ҳ, Ǻ, ˵ѧѧ
Ƴ˿ڲ裬Ȼ󳤳̾˿˵˵ʮĵĺӣôôء
ʵԺҲ
ɶѽԺܸɶƼܳͷġ
ƳƳһۣģм
廪ʱһûϴѧǰͻˣġ
˵ƳԼĶӣһҪ츳ģҼǸƵģҺ˶ûửģϸ
ǡ
ϾƽʱƳҲûҹԷ
ȥҼС˵˼ţ٣ǳСֵֿģ˵Ҳֵһ̯˵¶ֵġ
廪ڽͷˣ¿ӣʼȲ衣
Ƴڷİײ˳˸˿ҹҷȥȥæҶȥŵλܾûãĽӴֻ˵ܻ뷨ˡ
Ҳпܼᶨ뷨ô
Ǿճæû츳츳ĻҹҲԺ
Ƴһϸ׵ռϷ磬˵ҧҧҪԸæԺѩ֮ģᵽǰơ
Ƴ仰廪Ҳþܾˡ
С廪º͵ЦݣƵ£ȻҪĵġ
ҶӻѼˣõѧܻʱ鷳ˡ
˵
˽PYףڳ緹廪칫ҵźٲߡ
ֻʱѩҪ廪칫͵ӵʱȴƳסˣһԱȥ͵ģ廪üеǶƳĶ˵ġ
һߣսæƬӡ
ȾѾˡ
ҲѾһֵƬ
ƬһƬڣֻмĻͺķӳ⣬Ƕһӡ
ⲿˮ졷ӰͬսҰĵġ
Ƭӣǳˣ˺üϽڣԺĽڣսŵ̬ȥ룬
ϽҲ֪ⲿƬ׼ȥӣ影ģҲѵõ濴
ȾɫǺܵġ
ɫĵӣɫĻ
ǻȴһ㶼Եõ෴Ϊµԭ򣬻ʮֵĲ׳
Ƭʱʮ߷ӡ
Ѿһ˾ĵӰʱˡ
Ƭﲻ˹±ϰףݷǳȺϽδ
ϽǸ̾Ƭ͵а
ɲǡһϽҲŸ̾
λʦתȥҰɡս¼һЩԼֵĵ󣬱վкŸλϽȥȥ
ϽȻһ߻λƵߣһ졣
Ƽͷϵѹ˲ٹǵȻժȥ԰
СȥժȥһԾϽڣѾǰС԰Ѱŵװף׼Լѣһ壬Ȼǵǰͷȥɱһȥ
аȥ۵Ӱ
үӻûأ׼ǰͷȥˡ
ںս壬ԶԶĻүӳɤӺɱʳóԷţиʦɺóˣҪ˼ҲҶƱԷˡ
ôã
ǿɲң׼û
һ·ĵңЦݣʼ
ϽڻǺϬģһ˺übugθϽļȿᣬѾʮˣսʼǱվԼϽЦ˵λʦȥǰ滨԰һʮһʮʳÿһҲǳĻʳ
úúáϽڶʱˡ
ӻץ壬ϽǻλƵȥ˻԰սȥʳôʦСˣʳиСᣬԷһԲƽʱ쵼Ƕʳóԣû˳СȻûãøϽĲϴ
ʦǽӵϢóԼĿұ죬һ˰˸ˣӲˡ
˵ϽˣսԼʿˮ
ȻϹˣԶô
Ͻһ߳һߺȣĻһĵĶѧսһӣǲųˣҲŻȥȥ԰Ǳ߳壬С컹ϴѡ
־һݵļӰ࣬ˮBUGȫˡ
һƬսҲҲﲻõˡ
鿪ʼԵӰоϸӹ
ƶҲսйϵ˹ҵ̨¼¼¼һʱĿǰŮ質ң˴ᣬ쵽̨ҲΪ˽Ĵῼ˵¡
·¼ҵʱĸҲ˳ƹȥۡ
ȴû뵽ľȻǸС
ǡС¼ʦ
Ӱġæش
׸ܺ
Һɫ
˵ѧԺļϽһдġ
ƶ㣬࣬û̫רҵɣȻȥεĸо
質վԭ˻ԼĴߴ£ȥˡ
Ⱥˮ쳹׳ƬѾǰµˣӶɺͻؾˣʡǱ̫ԭ۵СޣȫСƤ
İҲˬӢ˵СŮ
һװһս˸
սʶĻ񣬵Ȼ˲ЩĿǼȻͷֱͦģࡣ
ǡ󲮸Ǿѵˣ
裬ŵԱųκ⣬㺰ų֣ͦűһĿս塣
ս壺
˲󣬹ǲС
ųңҪʲôѽսЦеʶӡ
ڴԺʱҪæǱߵǱأ
ҲһͦΪԼԱݸеԺ
ôųıһߡ
ǣվС
սҲûǻ·Ǵȥ˰ٻ̵꣬׼ȥ򼸼·
˰ٻ̳˲Ϊ㡣
ΪҪѧˣҲвټҳź·׼ѧôÿ·Ҳֲװջǲ֪Ľ䣬֪ٺΪ֣ĸˡ
ﻨǮʵһõ顣
һ˴ӹﻨǮеˡ
ҲֻǼĺӣǻеƤʱսھͦһžһ׼׷ԲԲۿŰǰͷĹ̨񱼶ȥ
ս̲סŭ𣺡վס
š
ս弱ӾͳǱܣɰĽŲʵ̫ˣսͻȻЩֻţպӵô࣬һע⡭
ֱ롣
սѾЩˡ
ʱͻȻһŰӻˡ
ͬ־ĺô
սһţһ˴Ű׳ϴ۾˹˹ĵģһѧαҲ֪ѧʦսæͷǣҵĺӣлл㣬̫ллˡ
ҳѺӸã̫࣬ҪûҶҲ
֪ˣھͻȥ
սԲԲһǣס֣ץĽġ
սѿɫҲ֪ԼˣʵĲˡ
ЦŶսͷҾˡ
̫ллˡսһл
˰ڰ֣ת뿪˰ٻ̳
սɫѿĿ۰һ仰û˵ֱӴ˳˼ҡ
ȵ˼ңսֱӰ԰˵㲻Ҫ˵Ϊ̲ס㡣
ȻֱͷҲصתȥԺӴš
սӰҲ̲סġۡһ˳
ԲԲס
ԲԲˣء

134 

սȷʵ, ӽ𣬾ҲûͰ˵
û˵, ֱ
ʮֻῴɫ
ʶսˣȴֲ֪ôȥ壬ֻಽĸں棬ָԼһ, ƫƫȴ·𿴲Ƶ, ˵, һ񶼲
ˣͣĵŽӡ
ԲԲҲ缦, ɿսɫ, ҲֻҸ, οһޣ֮⣬ɶ
廪֪ӹŮ˰Ҳû͸ϽĻˡ
ΪǵĻЦߵſ, 滹ûһ
Ѳɳȥˣ
廪ʺŵƿţȻͿʵС
ְ֡
塭
ǰԪʮ, һͰ͵ӡ
ôˣ廪ȷ°, Ȼ߹ȥСʵ
ͻȻҵй, һ˳, С, ʵְ֣ˡ
廪Ǳһ£ȻżʵΪʲôأ
ʱ˵ˣֻͷ廪ꡣ
ֻϧ廪ҲǺúŪģѹŰļϵЦʧԣңôģ
ɪһ£ʵԲְ֣̳ˣ輱ˣˣǰְ֣Ѿ֪ˣְ֡ء
壬ûסá
ְ֣Ҳˣ㡣
ǰԼܣսżˣȴһ߿һߺԼˣͰ͵ģͦ˿źֺЦ
Ȼ֪Լˣ˾ȥдȥҪϴ͵ó̬
廪˵
æ鷿ܣͳֽʿʼд֡
廪վԼתȥߵſھͿæµս壬ţû˵ֻǿıӰ
սʱ򣬶Գþߵ裬¯ӶȻѾöˡ
¯ˡ
ȿȣ廪վֱӣװģһսԼˡ
սͷƳһۣ²ߵӦ˾䣺ˣ
š廪߽ȥȥսĲ˵
սһ£ãո
廪
ȻˣӸջȻֻⶼûУ
Ƥˣ
ս塮ߡһȥʼϴˮˣҲвˣôĺùŮˣ
ܰǣ̵ҷʡһߣдء廪̷²˵ֺõĴյսȥɫɶѽû
˵廪ȻЩί
Լ֮֡
սҲҭһ£תͷݺݵĵһ廪廪һݣվֱӾһԴǣھȥѵǣݺݵһ٣֪ʲôۣ´ξͲˡ
˵ţһҪȥẢӼſߡ
սվԭأЦЦĿ廪ߵſ߲ȥˡ
ͷԹƳһۣôأǿ׹Ů㵱۰㲻ۣ
⼸첻̳Ͳܲ˵ǰܣҪϺˣҶҲƢҸˡս뵽һ̵Ļţ̲סܣµͷʼϴˣСյĲˣóһ¾ˡ
廪̾˿߻ص߱˻ΣãǱһúýģҲ̫ôĺӲƤǲܵģʵĳͷͿˡ
š
廪춼˵չŵɡ
á
廪ıڳֱһŸԷֿս˱СϿ廪ææµµΪֳɵģֻҪһ£廪һ׷˵⣬׺㶹ǰѰ׷պַ
սǰģӶͦϲԵģ߲Ҳ࣬ӪҲ㡣
ʱ򣬼൱ʵһԵľͳ˷
극ϴ裬ϴŸԵļ廪廪ɳϣż飺Ϊܲԣܵģںˣ軹ͷУҪСһ㣬Ҫˡ
ָͷԲְ֡
Ȧˣִ˿ǻ
֪ˣԺҲˣһŴˣǣ֡
֪͸ľͺá
廪¼֣ˣǼȥ˯ɣ컹ȥ
ͷԵ˯ȥˣ廪ż¥
սžӲˬۣżֽЦӴǼˣ
ǿɲϴ̬ȼá
廪͵ǰҲˣ֪͸ľС
ɱҪһأҿ϶̲סҪôƤǰᰤˡ
廪ӣʱˡ
ս峤̾һ˯ɡ
Ѿ첻ˣ˭Ȱûá
ˣҵðƬеæȥȥɡ
֪ˡ廪Ӧ
ڶ죬ӴĿվǰ廪ðζûܻع
廪˼ٴǱžϵ
ְ֣أ˳廪Ŀӡ
ϰȥˣְִȥǸϽʰ˵ţ廪ս׼ѧѻͷ·ţææľ¥
ŰְֵıӰСһࣺһ軹ԲŲȥ
ģֻ̫æˡ
ԲԲֱ
ͷԲԲ˲䡣
սæһʹƬȥ˲ȥˣ˳ҲչԼȥμӵӰڣԹμӵӰڣԼμӵĻûпɽûӰƬȥҲִܱѹԹͲͬˣֻҪ˻ǲѵġ
нݾߣȻûҪ
սֱӾȥˡ
ˮ졷Ŀһʼֵþ̻ͦйҵ̨רŸ¼Ƭǰδеġ
һϵ꣬Ѿʮˡ
ææȥѧУԶԶľͿ廪վѧУſڳԱ
һģһűһ廪ĿӣСĽģȻѾʶԼĴڸС
廪ս첽߹ȥ
۾һĿƵĿս壬Ѿˣ裡
սСܵǰԲԲԴԴ˵ս̾˿ҲԴ͵̧ͷһ衣
֪ôսͷŰ
ûƵĶվ˵ԵøѹȸС
裬֪ˣ´Ҳˣ㲻Ҫҡ
Ͳ˵ľǰе̬˵㣬ȥͱסսſǻ˵
Բ裬ԺҲˣһ衣
ϴϵʮֳϿҡ
ս֪ˣŶ˱
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սǵʱǼһڳԷ
ǿӣθ絹裬ǵĲ˰ˡƼǿ⼸ӳģЦİ͸ԼƵģæǳˮȡ
ƼЪЪæԼˣżһء
ã˻أȳԡ
սһ£ֵģΪء
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սæȥæԼþС
УԼðȥæˡ
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ȥϣ㿴źӡս彫¼ϣߣӾͳȥˡ
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ײۼֿ죬קһѣûˤȥ
û°ɡ˵Ա
սµ̧ͷȴ뿴һףף㲻Ǹ
㰡ɡЦЦ
ͦɵġ
սҲεЦЦղлл
л˵ԲŶԣײ㡣ץץףǸҰɣҵĵǸ
˵꣬Ҳս巴ӦͰ
սȥҲʣɴ飬һǰһķߡ
ҽѦΣʦѧʦ
ս壬ƬԷҽˣսҲ˼ҽܣ˵Żأ͵˰ſڣսЦһҵˡ
ѦƿţվſڰϷŵűߣȻ͵ˣҾˣոǶԲˡ
û¶
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ոôˣ廪ɻĿ˿ſڣʵ
ûʲôײˣҲɣ˾æһذˡ

135 

ôɣ
ô, ҸոҲšս彫ˮŵԱߵĿյϣ˼ƿŵǰ
廪ƿǰƿӸˡ
ڱȡսסҪƿİЩͷۣһ㰡κ硣
ͷ, ˱, ˮȥ, Ȼһ, ̵ģִӵ㣬滹, ȵС
Һһȥٵл
սͷӦõ, ðҲȥ˵һллҪĻ, ҵü
ְᵽ, ̲סӡ
ֻϧЩ鲻ܶĵġ
Ǳλҳȥڵлȥˡ
ߵſ, , ֵʱȥȻ˺ǲôϽȥ
ȻžͿˡ
ŵѦΡ
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Ƿлġ
廪ϹϹºЦݣֺѦ֣лæӸ
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ԼΪʦԵ, ˵ŵ˵̵ζ
廪̣ܽ˵Ķ, ӻȥ, Ҳһ¡
˵ţͷԴӦ˵ʲôѽ
ллʦ
̹ɵľϹл
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ǡ廪ͷѦε
Ѧʶһס廪ߡ
ѧУͬ¹Ը
ˣԣߵĲ˻Ǻܲġ
úáѦ߳ǣֹϰš
廪ͷЦЦֹ
ѦζסţĿǷźӻ˰ᣬվ˺һͻȻҡҡͷתԼİᡣ
һߣ廪һ͹ſűߣ͸ŷ죬ѦεķӦɫ༫ˡ
սҲ˵ֻɻĿ廪
һֱȵվ̲סʵôˣ
ûʲôǾǸѦʦֵֹġ
ţ
սոռĳ棬˰죺ûоﲻԾ
ľԺǿʶķӦ
廪С߳ټϳ˲ٿ࣬˵Ĺ۲ǺǿģոѦǲ֪ķӦ廪һֺܲһĸо
⡭˵ʲôսЩ㶵ʵ
ʱ
廪Ĭһ˲Ȼſ֮Ժ٣Լעͳɡ
á
Ȼ֪廪ʲôսѾѦϴˡҪע⡯Ĵ
緹Ĳǿģζ˵ƼҪˬЩƼǱ׼ؿڣǿӵЩݿ˵һĸΪкӵԵʣıȽ嵭˻źƿˮżȥæˡ
緹׼뿪ʱ򣬾ͿѦȺҲˡ
Ů߰˸ˣ˵Цߡ
սŷڳװ굸⣬ӱƼ׷ǹ廪վڳڣǡǸǣܿԺӣվԺȴ档
ȻĿѦôһȺˣ뿪Ƽҡ
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һۣæӿŲȥˡ
ȻͿӣɳֱߺߣһҽ
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սæСܹȥһǵʵ
Ӵ廪ĸһսæվü΢ţոն齫أ֪ôģͻȻүӾ»ˡ
廪Ҳˡ
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ȵҽͲջˣæʵҽүүû°ɡ
û£һʱѪѹеߡ
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ˣɵעˣɱǸƸûˡҽһ塣
ʱŲӲ˵ˡ
ҽĵͷˣСȥҽõҩ
廪æȥС
廪ѼӽĸԼŷҽȥˡ
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ȷʵܻҡ
ʱ޼ʲôԹˣ֮Ҳֻʣĭˡ
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ģҽ˵ôֻѪѹеˡ
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ͺŭ
廪ϵҸո˰ļ١
ҵҲˣҲڼˡ
ոշҽҹȥ˵үү
ѾԼķ䣬ȻҲͲˡ
ô˵ģ˵ֻѪѹô
֢û٣үүʹˣҲܺ˱ȡ廪̧ԼĶǣڴ̾˿
սһ⻰Ҳû˵ˡ
ͻЩ
඼ʮˡ
ô죿Ҳû취ѽֲǰѺӴߡսҲЩķҵڴߡ
ǻ϶ǲܣϾڳģʵ̫Զˡ
ɷҽ˵Ҳû
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˼һһġ
տʼʱ򻹺ܼķԣǶĵǺ󣬳ĬƬ̣ͬˡ
ǲĵСÿ츺ͺӡ
ս廪ҡ
֮ǰĺԺѾһףԺӴ󣬷࣬ǱߵĻͨҲȽϷ㣬סǶСԺӣսǾȰѷϾμҵլ
ڶ˰࣬սžѧͽСǹæ廪ǱҲˡ
һȺػСʱͰˡ
սСǳԷСǿżģæܾˡ
ȼˣһůɶġ
廪۾ս塣
ս廹廪ȴѾͷˣУůǳԷ
һȺ˺ȫˣټԺֻʣ·޶ˣսһһȦͻȻ̾ԺӿɱǰˣԺǻڴɨϵʱˡ
ҪҸˣ
áӴˣҲˡ
ս岻̫ϲİ˳룬ϱռһ˰̣սСѾֻӵ㹤ˡ
廪ΪԼҵļӿһ˲Ȼ㿪ʼɨأһֱæҹʮ㣬ǰԼķʰˣϴ裬˴û˵仰ֱ׹롣
һҹ˯ãսԼһҹڶ챻ѵʱ򣬻ⶼҪ緹
ѽѽѽ
⴫ɤӵս˵ûôΪϲԻӦǳϷĵɤӡ
սһ˸Դ廪Ļô컹ûأ
룬Ѿˡ
廪ҲЩԺűղ˲ĶͷڵĴԺסǸϷϷѧԺﵱڣҲ˼ͽܣͽڵɤء
ԺǼҲҲø𣿡սֻԹۡ
ͦôҲ˾𳿶ˡ
廪Ǿͦõģٱȹá
аɡ
սҲԣֻϻۣɴڴϣŸڿɤʼϷ
ˣ͵Ϸˡ

136 ±

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ĺԺķ䶼ܴ󣬾ŴŷţռҲС
һžмĴҪ˯Ŵ
ԲԲ;ν, սȴǲ, ָָŴ˯Ƕ, ˷ۺɫ, үү˵ʣȻС
ŴٿмĴе㲻ģǵҲ
Ҫð˯м, ӿǽҲÿ
ԲԲСһΪѵ, е㲻ġ

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ԲԲ˵ûˣֻԴתƵ档
һСܹӡ
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ӹϣսָߵʹı˸ӣĵ׺ʹΧһɫģϴӣԭĸߵʹ̾Ưˡ
Ȱٻ۾ˣ裬ҵĴô
ţÿôϲô
ÿϲһСܣ˵ϣֱС
ŰĴϱǽһⴲҲѾͷƬӲϲġ
ұѾͷƬӣǼң
ſڴϳɤӺ
ߡһȻмԼĴСӣɫĵӡĲɫСɶĸ߿ƼܱQͼϵĸǵҲ׵ģٿԲԲģɫQʺĵƽš

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֯ļսĿСܣЧ治ô
ֻ˵УĿǰӻǺܶģҲ׬Ǯ಻ǣ
СЦЦһţӾƽչչڴϣȻֽĵ˸顣
ȻתսԲԲĴ̡
˵ֻҪ̨һˣϲüɶģ֯ﱾССֽĸԲԲӣϲļףֻƽСľɰú͸ĺÿ
ûûŮҪԺкˣҲðѷŪôÿС
ԲԲĴ̺ˣСææĸӡ
廪°࣬ľϵķ䡣
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СܶղԲԲźװͷ¨ӣˣһ˶С̲ˣһſ룬;һӾͰԷ޸ȥˡ
ȵʱӸһҨ࣬һ룬һӣֹ൱Ĭ

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СܽΧȹԲԲԱߡ
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Ǩ;ܼ򵥣С
˵ģǹŴ־ҲĺãҲΪˣĻûô࣬ǨٶȻҲˡ
СЦЦ׳Ҳ˵һھǣʹˣŵȹ꣬תְؼңܾͽź
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廪Լļϡ
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ѽСĵԲԲţ
Լô죬˵ˡҲǲ
ߡһƳһ۶кӣ漴۾һɣֻкӳǽһݰףƯĵ׵չ˲䱬
һˣҲûײǳƽ
ǿ߰ɣٵˡ
ԲԲ˳֡
̸ܣһһ߻ֵ֣ټС硣
ոջŵģͻȻС磬ͦ˺ߵġ
кӺˡ
ѧˣҲ׼ȥϰ࣬Ϊ˹Ҳﳵˣȥ˾¿˳ȥϰࡣ
ս嵽˾һ¾ټ쵼ײĿᣬΪ³ܽһϸµĹֹ滮һ±µĹĿꡣ
Ŀ鲻٣ЩʲôɨäϵСһֱȶǾôĴݻˣɣɴСӣ׼ѧˣҪҲݣҲֻˡ
ǣ
ԸأͷԸᰡ
ǳнĵӰϵУͷģԷٶȣ治ͣǾ͵һֱȥս廹ͦ°Ƹˡ
δŮСɡսһֱӰĴ㣬ΪЧһֱڸǳ״̬ڳᣬѾϸһˡ

ս̲ס̾˿
͵̫̫ϸ
˵Ŀ飬ССǱ߾籾óԴԴϵľ籾ȫؼĹΪԭߵֺ͵ַЩǺܴأһֱͦģֻҪо籾ǧûġ
˵δԶСѧǡСˡ
ֵĿսûܹȫȨ֣ʲô̶ȾͿԼ
Сʦ塷νѶǸ׼Ļ׼
Ⱦˮ졷չֻҪΧˣ󲻵ýҲܴһոһƱ
μǡĿҲʼ졣
ս忴ЩĿ̲ס̾˿
̫
˼Һ˵ûʲôƪ˼һܳʮ̵Ӱôһ߷ԵôƵġ
棺ͬ־ţֻͷĿԼʲô뷨ҲдĿ飬ȥ༭˰ֻҪ뷨ãǶǲʺϳģҲܳ
桭һƬĬ
ս壺
ҹ֣ҪĬĻȼͬ־ǡ
ֻеûӦε֪Ⱥء
Ҫ֪ӳսӰͼĴֻҪغڴ棬һץҪҲˣƫƫôãһȻûɶ˵ġ
һΪû֮ȥͻȻôԼĵطȻǵսľҶԣĿˣһĿô˳׬㣬Ϲҵ̨սǾ
˭ؿڱ֤Լܱսĺá
Ȼ
˵æ巢أҪٸĿĿǰȥȥĴ׳ˡ
Ѿϰ˰ŵˡ
䲻ͻȻˡ
˻
ô˵أ
е㼤е㲻ء
ȿ˰칫ңսֽӵһ绰Ǻǵ̨ģ˵ҪնƬĲȨٿǮһս˵һټʱ򣬶ĬһһټĲȨ
һӾ׬Ǯ
ս嶼ԷĲƴָˡ
Ǹðһ䣬̨Ϊʲôᡭ
̾˿̨ҪһƪĶƬĲ16˵ʵڵģҪǾгƪðѰҹŵӣƬϵƽʱˡ
̨ƬĿǲһġ
̨ҪܹסڵĳƪƬùտ̨ϰߡ
սôһˡ
⣺ʵԳӰĽĿԽӰתϣϾӰҲ˶лȥġ
绰ͷЦЦû˵
սֻһ죬ֺ͹˵绰
Ͼôææµµȥˣ緹Сͨ绰ͼææˣոչҵ̨Ǳߴ绰˵ƶȥ衣
ƶ䣿
սһ£ƶĸ費ǻûȥô
ϴ¼ʱ򣬱һ質ʦˣһκһ졣СҲû뵽ȻôɣЦһʦ˼ƺͽרų裬ǸûᣬƶҪμӸ߿ģҪǵˣǱûͽǾҪͷˡ
ȥ⻰˵ڣѵõĻ
СľͺΪԼӷյļҳ
ս嵹ûôᣬͷдļ߽Ӻڶ㣬ԼҺúҪҪȥԼѡ񡣡
С죺аɡ
ץץԴȥڶȥˡ
ƶûСôΪѣֱӾʹӦˣĻ˵ҶŬŬúѧֳɼͺѽ
ѧСʾѧԵ˼ά
ѧƶ䲢ܵģǸСȥ̨ǻẦµģǡóҪƬӣսɴƶһȥˡ
ҪƶΪͽģǸ괺Ů質ң
һ棬ͺս֣лڳһѽ
嶼ܸġսæǫ顣
ɤܺãڹ飬ϵϵΣ˵ƶҪ߿ˣϣܿѧУҵѧ
ͲСˣȴд
ƶĳɼܺãҲϣܳΪѧ
ַƶ֣ߣҴһȥ̨ɣһ¡
ƶЩɬסַ֣Ȼͷս壬ս˻֣ƶˡ
սûǰߣڹϯ濴̨ϵĲš
ΪǰŵĶǵȴŵԱ˸ſŵˣҰ·
ͬ־
ͻȻһϤ
սһ£źˣվѦʦôɰ
̨¼Ŀ
ѦЦЦָָߵˡ
սʶĿȥ

ӵ
ֻѪˣɽװ˹ĵĽ۾ЦһĶŵĿ
Цݡ켫ˡ
ɲ廪һżЦô

137 

սһ, ׸ӵضԭġ
ҲЩѱ廪ЦݸˣҲֻһ£, ѸٷӦľȣ¼Ŀ
ս´һ¸ӵҲ¼ô
һͯĿ
ѦЦЦǷŶƬ֮ǰиʮӽʱ, ̨ѧУȥ绰ǾƼͬ־
, նˣոĸˡ
ǻͷһѦץץףһ˼, Ȼֿ˿̨ϣͬ־졭Ҳ
ͼĺӹ¼Ŀġ
ս忴˿̨ϣǳȥ˵ɣ˼¼Ŀ˵Ҳ㡣
˵ţƿţ˳ȥ
Ѧתȥ
ӵ˿սıӰֿѦΣ򴽣Ӳǳ鴤˼£ָֻոյЦ, ϸĵĹ, ȻС׷ȥ
ݲԶĹսǴ, ǸСɵϢɳһ輸, ߹ȥ¡
ӹô
ѦξȲʵ
, ǻ̫С, ʱû취μı, ҵһѧսЩģɵ˵
ѧݻô
ս̲ĿѦΣô֪ǻģ
Ѧһ, ȻЦԵɺ֪֮ģ֮ǰƪôƬ
սЩ˼Цû뵽Ȼʶҡ
ɲǫ飬ҲǾ죬ȥ˱ֽ֪ѦЦЦԼĺѻֻԱ߲˵æкһţҸ˵λͬ־
á
ӵװʶĶսѺõĵͷ
ãܸʶ㡣
ս忴۸ӵ˲䱻ϵЦݸһ£ӲǺ֣ȻתͷѦΡ
ĸӵʵ̫۾ˡ
ϴε̫ллˡսһεĶѦαл
ӦģѾлˣʵڲҪÿζô˵ʵҺŽ춼ǵһ̨к㣬ҲԵ֡
Ѧ˵ºͣսҲᡣ
ᵽս屳Ϻëġ
ʶ̧ͷİٻѨ¼Ŀ飬Ҳ󶮣ҲֻͬѧĶѣҲûҪ̫ţߵĹԱǺ׺͵ġ
GײѧУվڽ̨ϣ漸ʮѧҲûţڽ̨棬ЩҷǽŲѡ
ѦοЦһӵţʵ˵ո̨ϵʱŲ
ҵǻãֻһĽ⣬ûôࡣ
ѦεġӵĻشԵȤܶࡣ
ѦξϲӵȤ
ȤĶԱȣº̾͹Գˡ
ս忴ŷ·żƵĸӵԺ廪ǧһ׼ǣѧѾźˣҵùȥˣȻһẦ¡
˵Ż˼ĶѦЦЦʵǲ˼ˡ
£ҲûݣÿɲԸһȥѦҲվ
Թԣ˦ˡ
ʶƳһѦĸӵȴӵɼĵ˵ͷ
УǶɲܵ߰øҲС
սݲȥѦα֣λƵĸں棬ӵһ֮ǰûдڸС
ȵݲβ
һСϷϷĽĿ
Ϸкü֣磬Խ磬÷Ϸ֮ΪסֻŵݰŵģȫͷһĻӦǹѡΣԱվŵĻԥ¹ӢԽͼֱ񣬼һ档
ս忴ſţǶһŨױŹͷڵĺӻͦġ
˺һҲûպλϷʦ
վһţֹ˵˺һЩѸҵԼĳλú򳡣ֻһȺŹƣŹ۵ĺΧм䡣
ֳתڡ
ż̨ϳϷ
ս˫ĿЩ㱣⳪϶üѾγԷˣһɶġ
ѽѽģĺ
һֱѽѦζˡ
ս徫һݣ˶ˣʶľȥȴնһ£Ա߾ʹӵѹ͵ȥ
㡭ս̧ͷͿӵ˫ھƬ۾
ӵࣺжϡ
ս̵ͷ
Ȼӵ̧׷ѦεӰȥ
սװûзֵӣţһֱŽƶ䣬߳ݲû뵽߳ûͿվǽǴ̵ˡ
Ѧοս۾һСܹҸոճе£ٻҲҳǸˣ㣬Ҿˡ
ս壺
Ȳ£˭ϡƵģ
ŭѾʼС˵ս壬ȴ¶ЦˣһԸɡ
ﵽĿĵѦȻܾ
ƶ俴ǰˣֿս壬ĬĬĸս
ȥĻƼӼңһΪķȷʵǺãڶԼĵ̣еЩӵƼƶ˵ɫҲЩ
һ緹䣬֣ȴǻ治ϡ
Ѧŷս͹Ϣսһ޹ĴŹʱʵڴ򲻹ȥˣӵʱĳ
һ緹Եıȴܻۡ
극ѦҲûڸսˣֻǡ
սߺѦЦЦƳһ۸ӵŰǲصո˵ʱô°
˼Ҷкˣ㻹Щеûģǽ˵ģƷԿǺҪģǧߴ·ӵҲɫƺΪѦθոյľٶ̫ˡ
ѦοŸӵۡ
ƺڿ˵Ƿ滰
ӵ鵭Ȼż뾯棬ƺΪոյḡٶеƵģһ֣ҵûѧУˣԱɡ
ѦμˣһҲȥ
Ѿ֪սĵλ͹ȥȥ
ѦηֿսֱûسӣƶϹ󣬾תȥ廪ĵλ廪һսˣ̷ĻСųš
ս廪ˣ·֪¡
һס廪֣ԶĽ䣬Ҳ˲û᲻ᱻ˿ֱ˽ĻıסԼĻ
ôˣ廪رס
ҽȥ̨Ǹ˰Ѧˡ
廪üһæӻ´һû°ɡ
û¡
սҡҡͷֱסüСţ˲Ծһкܴ⣬߿ӵˡ
ӵ
ְˣǰΪ׷Ѧ֯ļСӳ֮һЩһֱûʲôϢܶڵһߣ䣬Ѿȹһһȹ
Щ廪֪ģǸ廪̵ĵ㣬λ׷Լս塣
ٴսӵʱ
廪ѹסֱӣüûˣôôأ
ս塮һ̲ס廪һۡ
ûӣЦݣǺ֮ǰЦһģһҵʱһŵһ壬ûˡ

138 

⻰˵ġ
廪һʱҲе¡
ȻҧҧǸһ, Ȼѧҡ
ôһսԭŵƽЩȻ, ߵ˵ǿӰ쵽Լġ
ˡ
ս̲סһ£˵˵ô£
Ȼ廪Ͳֳ, սǾ廪Ӧ֪Щʲô
ǵüǰȥô
սһ£϶ǵð, 廪·ʱ, ɾΪҪ, ԳƵɱ˵Ĵ󲮣ԶųμҴ⡣
ͻȻᵽա
ղǻڡô
յС, ΰҵĶԪڵ˳׵սȥҽԺҶר¬ҽ, үү, ȥӣɵ, ΪѦݣȷΪͬı, ץ, ҽԺڼ䣬ΪܣصأԵԾ»ܵ壬ͬͽ˼
ԣȵȣ
ѦΣ
Ѧ᣿
˵, ˺ѦսЩŵסͣ, , ôôȻѦ
˵ģһôѦģ˸ѦΡ
սоԼԡѦPTSDˡ
̫˰ɡ
廪ӿ㶵ͳ˲۾Ƭû˾Ƭڵ۾¶ЦһΪԼҲᱻ֮ġ
ɡս廹Ǿòܡ
ѦǸרҵĻǲô޴ġ
廪´۾ĸӵƵЦݣһֿܡ
ս忴Цݣ̲סĶ˶
Ҳû취֡
ս壺ţ
Ѧ࣬Ѧᣬ˸ѦΡ
ѦһǼҵô
ڻֲѰɡϾûеʮִʱͷʶϵͳˣϵóȫ䣬뻻ֻ򵥣
ˣĵط߿ˣǾǣģҪнŲܽ廪ЩŶ塣
ˣ齻ҾˣسɣѦε飬ͱˡ
廪Ķ䣬Ȼһ£Χû˾ŷٵսĶһڣѦνʲô֮С
šսԼĶ䣬˵ͷ
Գʳã廪ü
ҳԹˡ
ս̧ۿ廪һۣѦԷӵϣҾȥˡ
ϣ⵹廪û뵽ġ
ô˵ҲԼǰȢˣԷˣŸǣöԷϣ
廪·е֪սΪɶϸӵˡ
š
սͷٷԵûζ
ٳԵ㣿
սͷԼϵ·ȥ᲻е̫ͨˡ
˵ΪҪƶȥ̨һ£ɺϴʢװ໹ͦġ
ƯˣǵλûôƯˡ
廪ס󣺡ߣϽģȥԵ㡣
սӲǰͷһ£ŸŽ廪ĵλ
ǲƷḻʳãƻʳþͱȽͨˣͨĹδ׵ʳôͨİԲĳӣͨĲɫк;֡
廪սһϣԼŷȥ򷹡
ʱ򣬷ԼѾˡ
ս廪ЦЦΧûλˣǹƴ
սŵѩһ̷
̷ͷŲˣ廪ŷлˣæķˣЩִٵĶ廪ͷθƳ
ѩŵķ¿ӣЦЦ߶ǰɣθƳ
ССŰɡ˵ţ廪սĺսС˵ʦ˺ռ飬ҴǮģʦȫ㰮Եļ򡣡
ѩŷе׷Ŀȴڶɨš
ս˿ڼᡣ
ڵģҲûǾʳСʦ±ζ㡣
廪Ǽһ˾ͷԡ
θƳǸˣռɩӳԣԼȴˣĽءѩЦЦĽȴǲСΧ˶ˡ
ս豭ȿڲ裬ۿΧ˿Ӽв˵ٶȶˡ
Ȼһģ͵ء
ǣ˼˶ʮĴ޸ңҲ˭˵Ż˶̥˵ԺռˣҪϵ⣬ҲԸ
廪ﻹŇNɪҲĽϾҲ˭ôõģҲĽ
Ӵ
⻰˵Ŀɵˡ
䣬Ա߲֪˭͡͡Цһ
λ˭֪ѩ廪ʱ˼廪ȥˣҪǹ˼СƤû֤ݣ͵ȥˣ˵Ựȴ廪һ䣬λЩ˻Ů˱̹ˡ
һ˼ģ͵ôԴС
ҲСǺˣҪԼǸ
ôһ룬ȺŮͷˡ
ս忴ǰѩ˹Ҳ˵ֻһ鼡ŵ廪ҲǺܶϽ԰ɡ
š廪սеļ
СϱˣƳ극·Ĵк
廪̧ͷЦŵͷţʳһ¡
ŸС˵Դ
û¶˷ģҳڡ廪ƳһҲЦŻӦ
УţȻذ칫ȥˡ
Ƴڰ֣ǰæסţˣСΣҼСӿѧˣĩ㿴ʱ䰲һû
а廪ͷ
Ǿлˣճ¶鷳ˡ
ս岻֪ʲô£廪ͷҲŵͷ
Ƴˣսʵʲô°
ƵĶϲǿѧϰѧĩʱ򣬸ֵòɿƵ˼ǣӵ㵥λȥ֪ô򵥵ģҪǿ˻ϲúѧҲ㿴û츳ҪûУͲˡ
սе£ֻҪ뵱󻭼ңֿ츳߷ֿŬġ
ԵλɲһܴһӵĻ滭Ρ
˼ȥιһ°ɡ
ҲУˣѦ˵ѧУҲ뿪רҵĻ滭ΡսͻȻԷʱѦǹ׽Ļ
廪˿
͸Ĳˡ
ǶѩԷĿȴ
սͻ˳廪һֱ޵Ĺ۲ѩսͻȻ˵Ѧ֮ģɸ֮ģȴѩķӦ
Ѧֵʱѩɫˡ
ɣѩܿʶѦΡ
ѩΪһѧһҵܷ䵽ƻ飬ǺϸģѦΪ߸Ÿӵɼġ
ôˡ
һϸŮѧصλɲΪʲôʶһ⣬Сϵأ
ǲǿ˵ѩҲܿͱˡ
֮ǰ飬һЩΪҲļƻļˣǷ֪뵽ƻС
廪ԽɫԽ࣬˰ɴûؼңֱҶɽȥˡ
һߣѩʰ棬żֻ㱵ĳ˵λţվվ̨ϣѩĵȴţһĹˣ˼Ƭ̣ľⲽһֱΧ˶ϵĲˣ
С߰ƽʱһϳͬ´Ӵ̽ͷʵ
ˣҵ°೵ҲһӣϳǰҵʦըƤȥˣ⻹øϽȥһˡѩֿ̧˿ֱѽˣҵøϽȥˣȻùصŶˡ
˵Ĺ򣬳ˣͬûü˵ˡ
ѩųԶȥӰһ̧ų·վ̨һ·СܹȥһҲûľͳȥ

139 

ʵ, ǲǱȥ廪ˡ
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Һ˵ҸѦΣһӸ㣬ɱͷ, 㱳ҸЩȴʲôң֪֪, ֵʱ򣬲û
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ŶԺӣյķﴫѹ͵ִ
廪ϱˡȻϸİһ飬ֻԽ˵, ѦεɫԽѿ̲סһȭϡ
ǸŮˡ
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ѩŭѦθŻ, 죬ȴûѦΣ㲻ʲôңں֪ô
Ѧüͷ, ѹûѩĿ־壬ǽעһط
ֻ˵ô仰սû˵ģ
ѩŵĿѦΡ
˵ô, ѦξȻֻս壿
̬˲ˣô
Ѧüͷ, û˵
ǲǿˣ
˵ʲôѦҲķ
ѵôȻĻ, Ϊʲôȥ
ȻΪʧˣ
Ѧһѽѩڻѩ, û·, 㲻Ҫ˼ô
ѩ, û, ֻ̱ѦεĻͣ᣺ĺú£Դ˵ºҾһҹþû˵˵Ϊɶǰأ
ѩ㶼ûˣֻʣһˣҵȥ
ѩ죬䣬СѦû
ˣѩҲƽææ뿪ѦεԺӣѦιźɫŽѿ֣סԼԭض˰Сʱĵȥ
Ѧεܿ࣬Сĸ͸ȡ˸ССֵ֡зԣ´ΨҪſӼţҪµأÿԵ̹ˮ˯̨ԵĵݶѣǱһλм忴ˣȥ˶Ļᡣ
ܺã̫ˣÿæڣ׬ǮҲάѧѡ
ϵеʱ۹ȣȥˣĸĸԸĸ壬ǿռķӸ飬˳ȥͶ·ʱˡ
ԣѦĺѣŴʱŭ˹󣬼ûԥľ;ɽûɵҵ
ˣ
Ҫˣ
ڰˣҲᶪǣûĵˣȥ⣬ԣֵӡ
廪ʮӻؼҵġ
ҵʱӶѾ˯ˣս̨¸ӿҵ廪ˣվôôԷôȥ档
ãںҶɽԹģȥˮϴ衣
廪⿪ڵĿӣ˿ⶼˣôȡ
ϻϻ뻹аһ¡սһֶ裬һˮԡңˮŴ̽ͷˣϴɡ
廪Ь˽ȱȥҴ걳
С
սɴ˸ſڣ˵˵ȥҶɽǲΪѦε¡
š
廪ʼϴ裬ˮģòôС
ﲻԾ˵˵£
ʵıʣ¶֪˶㲻á廪ͷһս壬Щæתƻ⣬˵ӵ£ˣʱԲԲʦ绰Ұ칫ˡ
ôˣ绰ôȥˣ
֪˵绰ռߡ
սг̣ɣûõ绰
ǹźŵ⡣
ʦ˵ʲôˣ
ʦ˵ԲԲһʸٱٰ쳡ڸ۳ǣҳģܲܳһ˳㺢һȥһ˸۳ǣϾǵһβμֹ£и׽ߣܹõİ
廪ս֣ս߽ȥϲëͿʼ걳
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۳ȥһˣ
սһ٣Ҫ찡ʱ̫Ļ¿ɲðš
ãһڡ
սĻֳ˻񽱺ǩ֤Ҫ⣬»ûʲôرżģһʱӦڵسġ
Уʲôʱҵðһ¹
ʦǱߵ֪ͨɣȰͺӵĻոһ£ʱصʱˡ
սæӦˡ
Ϊ£սСˣִû£廪ֱɴתһѽڻս͵ػعʶһƣҪ·ȫʪˡ
ʪʪˣϴˡ
ϴս巭˸ۡ
ϴ
սֱӱԺˣѦεֱԺֻ˯ǰԺһģﲻԾܾʲô¶ûƵġ
ԲԲı¸ڣʱȵĺܣսϽȥｻȥˡ
սһҶǲĹϯǲһɲֻ볧Ĺֻս岻ڵʱ򣬲Ż죬ˣҲֻǰͷ԰ЩϽǺȺȲ裬壬Ǵнݼˡ
ⶼǲΰ
ǲ˵Ҫȥ۳Ǻһεĸ绰æĹŮӣʱ൱Ĳ鲻Ը
廪ԴȥĻգΪǸɲݣûҪӽֵ󣬵λߣΪս屾ǳҲҪǩֱ֣ӱȥˣ˵͸ˣ廪ȥ˼ƻĲҲЦеľ͸ǩˣΨһǩֱȽҡ
սûӣֻϵ㡣
⽻ְԱһ꣬Ҫˣһ˵սҪȥ۳ǣŸ۰̨ĵӸŵϽɳ쵽ԼԲԲĻա
ٶѾˣϾͥǶҪԲھ˵Ļⷽ棬û¶²
ȽϢ˲ȥأ룬ĥˣϽ˰ɡ
ȥְ¡
ϱ˶ʮ˵ϣڵĽֵһһһһ˹ˣ̲飬Ӽͥɷֺ˲鵽˼룬ٵϵĹϵԼǵˣˡ
ڿסʮˣеĺܡ
ڼĩʱƳĶˡ
װ۵һСӣеһЦˮĴ۾㣬⺢Եĺܣ˿󲻳⺢ԵɲѧҲҪѧ
սҲûرܣֻǽСǣ˵Ǵѧͽ
˵ͶСǵΪ˺Ӳ磬ʮͽӰ̫ˣСҲֲֵģȻȻĴȥȥˡ
Ǿͱڹ䣬һ㡣
°ʱ˾ήҵģ˫۾Ĺ⣬˲١
ôѧôսЩЦĿĻĺӡ
ѧȻۣҺϲ
ĻðŽ⡣
ս壺
ˣôоǰأ
ڶĻһĻƳİˣСĻ衣
սɩӣҷģҾ԰ǳĻɵģҿɲɥĵˣҪȥȥ
ȻƳİ˾ĿԼĶӣһĻУ಻ϣæĲֺ
žɡ
Ƴİ˾ĸ̾⺢ӰϾˣϾ˾Ͱһ±ӣˣѧѧɣֻҪԺ󲻺ھͳɡ
˵ͺսˡ
Ļˣֹһڣ˳ʱˡ
սԲԲŲ˷ɻȥμӱĲٶ飬飬ټϽͱڣһԼʮŵˣ
ȷɻ
廪ǱҲʼжˡ
ѩڳ緹ʱ򣬱̵칫ҵģһžͱµˣһ죬һס֣Ϣľʹˡ
һߣѩĸĵλҲͬ顣
ڽʦʳóԷѦƤ
ѦʦôˣѦζŮʦЩɻĿ
û£Ƥе
ŮʦպҪ׽æʵۻ۰ֶһ
ۡ
ѦʦҪ¿
ѦθɸɵЦһǾͽ㼪ˡ
ô˵ȴЩ㱣̧۸ɿĸӵæ̧кţߡ
ˡ
ӵº͵ЦЦ֮ǰִûзƵġ

140 ¶ͷ

ӵߵѦ¡
Ůʦӵ, Ц:ʦѦ ʦϵá
ͬһ칫ңϵȻǺõġӵЦЦ, ̧۾
ˣǰ칫ֻȻϵˡŮʦһվʰ:ˣǡమˣһȥˡ
˵ˡ
ӵ, ƳѦۣ 㺰ҹʲô û˼Ҷ˼
ˣҿɲ뵢˼ҡ
ѦοЦһ ˵ģɲܻ˼С
ѦͲСˣΪ˲ҷ, ЩһֱԼ˸裬Դӵ˾Ǻһֱҷֿס, ѩСѧձҵûб顣
˽ĸӵ̧ĺ󱳣ĸڰο
, ٸҴһÿΰ, ǰѧʦ, ȥѦǰ͸ӵ˵
˵, ǵҲΪӵġΡġ
ӵҲһĵͷ
Ѧļ:ֵܣԺлỹ㡣
, ˭иѵ, ʲôϵ, ֵΪ˼ÿνƽϡӵ-ӣ·ΪѦεĿ׶
ѦοŸӵ⸱飬ĵ̲ס̾Ϣһ.
˵ģǰǸ֡ һԼѣһǳĸˣϧǣڵѾǰˣڵֻɵ
Ϊʲôô˽İ
룬ȴǺġ
ԼһңѦʰԼİг뿪ѧУӵѧУΣӵһСӶԱϢĸѦΡ
ѦȷʵЩģؼҿһߵھӶͨ˼ңСֵĺӣǳźӿֵʱµؽѡ
ؽһС͵鷿Щϡ
۵糸Ļصңţһ£ȷû˺һͷ˵ؽ
ٶСͬ־ŷ￴ȴԺһˣݵȻѦβûн
ôѦȥĶأ
Сͬ־ûóȻĽţվ⾲صȺ
ܿ죬ڶһֱѦεһλСͬ־СŸˡ
ʵǮһ
Сͬ־ϲõĻش𣺡أֻҪëǮһָ·ĺܸˣɽϵҰɽˣũͬ־᲻óԣ͵ǮãѽҿǼ˸ˡ
Ŷζô
ɩӸˣһȥԵ㡣
а¡
һ˷ֱſݶԺ
θոȷʵǾ裬뿪˲Ե˿
ؽϣȫۺãϵط
ò˵ʽ񷿵СԺӣĵؽһضĺõط
һУϵ棬µϴִ֣򿪼Žݻ·
Сսʿһۡ
Ǹ˸ƣô
һѹѹָʾȡ
СսʿſݶϵȣҲƽҪϷּݶĻſҽӵļơ
ѦڷһֱŻ·
СսʿֶȴҪѦƵһ⣡
ˮ
Ѧγϴ裬ڷ￴飬·רıεӣһĺʦ
Ѧ˯ˣСսʿ뿪ѦμҵݶһӵˣһٵҵǵĶӳ
˵Ǹؽè壿ڷصⲽ
СսʿվñֱǵģѦڵؽٰСʱų죬ؽǲ͸ģҲûд߲ˣԣһ˵ؽ춼Ǳõġ
ΪˣѦεΪԵøͻأ
ǼţעⲻҪ֡
ӵ˻֣ˡ
Сսʿ뿪󣬸ӵʰð칫ϵĶñӳš
ӵŵʱ廪£żԺɳ
μҵ˫̥ǸڳϷСӡ
Ľǿסû죬ͺ͸ڳϷСϤˣСƣԭǣһı֣ε
εÿҪɤӣһСɤ࣬ʦĻ˵ү׷ιԡ
Ǹǿģûѧų
ҲΪε˰СʦϵûͺõĲУ̾
ε磬ǰڵϿˣƶ㣬Ҫǰְָ˵Ҷ֪ǸСءɳԴСĺε˵
εһԼĽĿʱǵͨ죬Щ͵˵ʦȥģҲʦһױ
ܺÿҲ뻭Կ˵һ죺϶
Ա߳⣺Ҫ費ڣε㻭
εһæڰ֣ңһûѧױء
ڻڴ͡
κ磬Щеûġ廪Խ˵Խףæֹ
䣬ص
廪ȥͿӵһӣǽǷ˹
ҼûҪ
ӵüͷһڸס𣿡
ʲôֱ˵ˡ
廪ܲش
¶ͷˡ
廪ɫʱվȷϢǷʵ
˳ɰա
ҵ鷿˵꣬廪ͽӣǸСƵȥȥҺлҪ˵
˫̥һε֣ڵԺȥ
ǸӵСӶѦĳƺ
ǰȥѦ򸾣ȴ֪ôģѦˣúǵǰһϣͻȻղˣǰҽԺ;롣
ӵʱֻѦɱɷ
Ѧεĳִ⣬ӵһ׷鵽ѦټʱһسǣѦٴأӵ׷鶼ֻ˿ҲΪЩ˿øӵע⵽ѦΡ
ѦʱദܹƶϳѦε
ǣѦĹʣǵĸֻѦѦöˣûһѦεĶӡ
ӵɣѦǱƭˡ
Ѧ߼£һֱûն񣬿ѩĳ֣
ѩжĲִͻأ˿ǰǰˮ©˵ѦԳǣս壬Եֶұ׾
ˣԶ׼Ѧαи滮жľʦѩжʼǸʦûָӣҪôĴˣҪɣҪôǸʦ¡
Ըӵô
һ򾡣ǷñԼǻṷǽ
ӵһ
Ƿ򸾵¾Ͳͷ㵣ˣѾ͵۳ȥ㺢ӲμӸٱˡ
˫̥ҲҪغҶɽסһʱ䣬˵˵ġ
廪˵ЩNɪӵ
˵ģΪУҪΪ廪ܽϢӦ֪˶УŲԸء
ֻҪһ뵽ԼеĹ޸˱ˣǸͷþ
Ǳ߶ˣھƵ귿ս˸磬Աߴɫ۾Ŷ˷ͷװ˵С㲻Ҫ˽ҽô
ˣ˵սӡ
ģĿǰܳѾб׼ڣĿǰѡȳڵǵδСҪҪһλ

141 ͬ

ҹʮ˯, ˡ
˼ţſ·ȦƵߡ
·ŸֽھӴү
, ôѽ, ȦүֺǺǵĺǴк
ǰ, ʿ˵, ԭС, һԪӡ
үͷȷʵÿ춯, ܴڼﲻɺòˡ˵, ĸֽ˵, âǱ߿æ, ھӶаСʱĶӵĿһȰ, ޸æ, Ǯ׬, Ǳ
Цŵͷ֪, Ȱâ, Һһ¡
Ҫ˵ĻһҪҼС
֪塣
ĸˣҸϽؼȥ, âյƬ, Ŷ, â˵¸ݿʼӦţ, , ظҼһЩȥ̫򲻵
С
õԼҪĴ𰸣Ÿˡ
һ߲źһ߻˼ңϴ˸裬ͷĦ˹룬̵ûװϵҹõϳš
Լҵĵſڡ
ѾΪâĽһ۾Ϳɷ
ǡ
âɷϾͲ¶۵Цݣ࣬ʱΧԷھһƬ
ϰ￴ϰ͹ͷ
ҲӴ
ȥȥȥǵģǣҰѰճˣˮϽ緹ȥ˾
ãҨɡ
Ƿİ
Ϊ˲װȾʳζƮɢŨŨˮζеܲˣѴ򿪣ǡýâˣæ룬߹ȥѴϣĿǹˮܹģҪζɢ
ǣ
˵ģκζŨͦŵġ
ǣ˵λСò˵ѽâЩʵҼЩС㣬һ۸ڶġ
ģò˵ֻҪԼıְˡǰӣ̧ͷȻͷʼںࡣ
âҲ˵ˣֻճյĿɷԶ
ǳͣ·һ£Ȼ˵ţһֱӰʧڽֽǣת˵ꡣ
Աߵʳ͵ЦϷˣϰô벻ϰأ
ķɡ
âûһ
Ǻܿ͵˺๫˾¥¡
Ŀǰֻһд¥ûԼİ칫ãҲΪ˾ССҪ֪˾ıһλƯˣ˵͸۳Ĵĵ˼ߵĺܽ**ǱҲʶտʼʱ򣬲ûаɹձѵģɲ֪ôģܿЩɾҲûгֹˡ
¥ǰԼ·
ΪһǰдС˵ڻʵլˣÿ˾ޱȽš
˿̧¥Ǳȥ
սϽԲԲСʦ󣬾æĹ˾ˣҪҪ£Ƿһߵĸӣٺͼλ˾ȽصĻʦһ档
ֻû뵽ǣλĻʦȻһ͵ˡ
ͨæ˵ֱӹɡ
һʹǹˡ
սԱߵĻɳºԸȣлл
ȥԸһ¾˻
λǺĴС㣬աɹ͸Цݣ˵ȴǺܸɴġ
Ϊ廪ڹڵĹʱȽ⣬ɴֻս塣
ãС㡣
Щִٵ
ҪţҿҲûô²ôսǽŵЩΣʼѾ̫ˡ
ֻ߸˵һС㡯̬Ⱦͳϻ̳Ͽˡ
ɼߵĽײǶôķϾܱƺΪСģһ򵥡
̼ǵãϱӸ۳ǻعΪһһ޵ƶȣȢˣѺͺȢü飬ûɷŮˣϡٵĸѣԼΪɷµ˽ӡ
űˣӹȣսǵǰ
ս𿧷ȱ˿ڿȡ
ɬдŴζը̲סĵһ
Ҫô˵¸ĸ￪ŵİʮڣҲϰӾΪܹڣﵽӸ۵Ŀģʵʱ۳ǵķͺ޵su񫣬һ룬Ҳ޷԰Ρ
϶ˡ
Ǳˣ
ǵֲ˲ǣȷʵǱˣ½ġ
ս忴һŵӣһҲ֪˻ûţ̧ۿսĬѾˣھǸ۳ˣŽ
ţҲǴ½ġս尲ЦЦ
һ㶣漴ͻȻ֣һֱս˵õĶͨҲ̫ţȻû֡
Ϥͨһӷ
Ϸһ£ܾʣǱȽϵ͵ĸʽ񡣡Ѽ󣬾Ϳʼ˵¶ϾҪĻֲֻһˡ
ǣΪ֮ǰרҵģҲǲο˱صĻ
Ŷ֮ǰ
֮ǰһֱС˵˺ҵľ;˻档Щ˼ЦЦû뵽С˵ĸЩ
ȻûС˵ȷʵʣģ˾ϵڣԸأ
һ㶣漴бӿһƬϲ
Ҫֻ֪ڸ۳ͳڣǲǺܴģ˵ģֻͲͬһΡ
һ룬ͿһԼķӣһֱⷿסЩ룬ܻܴĻָӵǸҲһ¡
Ը⣬Ըġ
Ѿ޷άԼˣæľ͵˵ͷ
У˸ȥǩͬ
һͬ̾侲ˡ
Ǹ۳ǣͬʹõĶɲڻһĭһܶණûǩ֮ǰ׳¹ʣǺͬҲ࣬˺ױ˿ӡ
ս˼ɴߵ칫Ǳߣ룬ӵĻ
Ҳǹ˾ĳڲƷԿһⱾѾӣебˡ
ǽӻۣЩ죺Ҽǵǡ
ս嵫Ц
ǻû˵ͱ죬ӹǡ
ȻصâĨӣˣϰϵأϵſڣſվſڣѾ֪վ˶ˡ
ô֨ˡ
âֵƳһۡ
ͻȻǣҲ̲סĵ׵ϲãһѱסӣâˡ
ţ
âһ£漴æ˵ĻŵʵôˣȥʲôϢô
С˵ҪҵĻڣԺҵĻҪǱȥ
ģ
ģ˷ܵıӾڴתȦȦ
˷˺һֿʼ滮ϰȥ壬ʦȥ˾ǩͬҿͬû塣
ˣ˵СõæҿҲͦæҪˣС
СȻԽãȴǸĺúӣֻҪļԸ⣬Ȼû
Ǻãһȥҡ
ȥϴţ⣬ţȥȥ
˷ܹȥˣâ̲סʵˣλС㣬λСô
ţҲ½ˣս壬˵½ҲǺġ
ս壿
âһ¡
ôˣķӵ
ûʲôֻǾе졣âЦЦ˵ܣսԶھأôܳڸ۳ǡ
ţǸܸɵŮˣǰܾòҴ˵

â뵽սǵСԸԽԼˡ
һѵʰɾˣâʹӱóţ⣬ʼ׼ţңһֱڣ˲ǻˣţңһȥļҡ
ļҺ֣ţĸһŮĸֶӣҲ˷סȥˣԼһֻϷ޺СŮ
СŮСôСЩ⣬ʤŮһݹ
ǵʱļѵõ֡
ӶڼңһȺŮҲ׷֣мһСкư̧ͷѾ˸ˣȸˣͿȥˡ
ۡܵðۡ
忴Ƿ޶ʱˣôˣɡ
˼壬֪ǼҽоۻᣬҴţңȻˡâţҵݸվԱߵСá
СýӹţңСȥˡ
ֺǺǣˣʲôǸҽɡ
˽鷿ǽ˵ˣҲľͬˣҲûʲôӣһҲǲԣ͡
ȻâЦǺǵӦ
ЦһԷɣҴӽμӹСٱѾ˸ˣһףһ¡
Ǿʹˡ
ŵĸгϢ˵˵ˣҪпյĻҲȥһһοƱġ
ЦĺлĻһ
ѽҴҪϰûֻһͷӹȥжƱһȥ
ǵҪڣۼҪڡ
ŵͷǺãʱһȥ

142 չ

սһֱæ, ŰѺ߱Ƚϳʦһ档
˵ȺУͬ΢ֵ, Ҳߵ, °ͿˣҲ׵, û仰Ϳʼ˵⣬֮ʲô˶С
ʱ䲻, ֻܴԵ˽һ£æʱ, ԲԲıѾˡ
սоΡ
˵㺢μӱģȴȥæԼˡ
۵ıԲԲֱ˵Բ𡯡

Ҫ, ⼸ۻ˰, ϽϢһ, ҸСʹԲԲС٣ߵ̨, ҹ磬һСβ֣ʲô
ʲôʲôҶ
սԲԲĲ⣬ļһú㺢ӡ
ԲԲҲ, ҪĿ
սӿɳϣֶϵ̲豭, ҧ۾, ΢΢, ֮Цݣ׷ǵСá
սϲǸϸˣǾĶˣǰ׳ͷɴͷСٵС꣬ս弸벻ܱڻĬԱյӡ
ĺúӣģ
ֻҪ뵽һ㣬ս̲סԺ
һ꣬ԲԲ˿˿٣ϰ֡
žžžžԲԲ໣һ
սֱ岻ͣĹƣԲԲĻ࣬죬׼Աߵ̨Ҳ˹
žžžžۣСѵĺܺӴԭǸڵĿҲˡ
ԲԲȻЩߣȴɲףлл佱
СѺöòġڵĿƺǸ˵ģžƱλƵ߹վ̨ЦеĿߣҲӴ
˵ţҲ߷ӦĻһǵȵȣȥҵ١˵һˡ
һСٻ
һ仰û˵Сپһ׻ӣõĻ֡
һһкԲԲһ
ԲԲҲȥ٣Ȼ׾ȴŬȥ棬һͱսĿģɴҲֹɳЦеĿǡ
һĵ
ԲԲ̲סЦԽ𾢡
carlosֺˡ
ĿĵʱͻȻһһʽ˴ӷҴߵ̨ϣ΢ǿƵ߸٣ȻӢȰο˷䡣
ʼգһ
սǵЦʧ۵׷⣬ոյĺ鶸Ȼɢ
ǸΪԹӢȰο֪սϵĸ߲ǰǳҳ㷹
ԲԲ٣ЩɻĿս塣
֪ΪʲôĺúõģڵͻȻ뿪ˡ
ˣ˲ģȥ˯ȥˡ
ԲԲŵ˵ͷٷŻٺУŵĽٸǸϣսǷ±ǣߡ
ɫˣϢ컹Ҫء
á
ҹɫѵ˯սߵԲԲ˯رģһսĸ첲
ڶ磬ʦԲԲȥǰ׼
ѾһˣսҲûˣɴһȥˣ˺̨ԲԲõСɸһţרҵıڣϸ༸ѪԣվǶһǵģ
ԲԲʦ׼βͷҲĦ˹ˣ϶˷ۡ
˰սԻؾƵһ࣬Ȼ̫óԣٸɾȻ֪ڵıôպһЩǰԻƻϢս岻뻵ЩԼ׼ȫһ㣬ԲԲʳĺӣС̲ˣܿͺ࣬ԵıģȴĿʼ
̨˽౾صĲ߶ˡ
ܿ죬ʼˣԲԲڵλЩǰ
սһֱں̨ԲԲ밲ԲԲŵԲԲͦ򶨵ģųһֺ
ճȻ͵ԲԲˣҪȥϯôʦСʵ
սæҡҡͷȥӴ
űĻԲԲ˳ȥ
ţԲԲĻʵСԵȰʦСټңڼϻǸϣܳɫ
Ȼ˸߷֣ԲԲԸ˾
ԲԲˣսȥٽʦ󣬱ԲԲϯȥǶܳɫеĺӸӢһҽܣܵ˼ּӷ֡
ԲԲЩģûӢҽܡ
û£СٱֲӢʲô
սİοԲԲ˿
ɢ
սҲԲԲӹڳţ˭û뵽Ȼſˡ
С㡣߹սк
սһ£æЦŵͷɰû뵽Ҳ
ھӵμӱΪ͡˵ţǿսߵԲԲβԵҲǲߣǡ
ҵֶӣѾˡ
ϲ
սЦЦĿ⿴һڰοһСӵͷǹǩͬʱһʦǡ
ֹεЦЦڲ
սͷ׼˵ͿոջںǸʦ˵Ů˳߹ʱסˡ
ǡâ߹Ŀսϣʱӣþò
񣿡
ս⼫ˣôҲû뵽ڸ۳ǾȻ
âͷû뵽Ҳ۳ˡִսߵĺӣôһӣԲսģǵ״ֺ̬ĸӣʶĴ̽ĺô
ҵֶӡ
սĴ̽뵽ǰԭڽԵĿ࣬ҲֱӼ㻹Ǻǰһ˵
â
˵ں˵£û뵽㵨ô󣬾Ȼ
Ȼʲô
ӸۣǸҺ˸һң
âϵЦʱסˡ
Ȼ˾ͺúõĹӰɣҺæˡ˵ţսǵ˵ͷʹԲԲת뿪
ս뿪ǲֵĿ񣺡âʶС㣿
âһ㶣̧ۣС㣿
ǵͷš
ǰһ֪࣬Һ֮䡭ЩᣬҼʹѾͻˣֻ˵Ҳ֪ˡǣǿЦţæ͵İɣǸˣΪҵԵǨŭġɡ
âԼǰս廹Щ˽ġ
ֻںöûˣҲ֪
ôһ룬âЩˡ
ǵǾνϾպ͹˾ǩ˺ͬΪ˹˾棬սһʱҲԲûֽâ෴üͷο
Ҳ̫ģС㲻Ϊҵġ
š
ô˵âﻹЩȷ
ţλúսټһ档
ϵսѾԺˣϾУ·˼׶㲻ϣìܣҲֻСŮִ֮ո֮ԻΪʵǾ仰ԲԲԲģɽȴʣȻĻԲԲĺ衣
ս̲סĳ˿ڶ
Ϊ˾ʦǶܸˣΪɬʵںףɴȥ˲ˣ˹Լ˺üˣһȺ˳ԳԺȺȵģҲ֡
ǷˣǱȴһƬɽա
Ѧʧˣ廪ԣɫɵû׷ϣ
ҸȰ䣬ǳһЩϢû뵽֪ʲôͻȻɫ䣬תˣǸź׷˺ԶⲻмȺûӰӡ
˵һСսʿ
ֹסİգʱ˼ѦĵˣҪȰͶˣڰ޲ԼԼ͡
ˣ˼Ժ£ԺȻ㴦֣ҪǴӵરવĳ̣üͷţüһĹ֡
Сսʿһͦǡ
Ǳ߲ɡӵȥĵĻ廪ӡ
ѦҼǱμҸͽȥģѦβǲѦˣֻҪԼΪԼѦˣͲμҵĳޣһǽͦһӶ֡
Ϊһˣʹ
ΪһˣҲԼϲĹ
ԡ
үүǱѾˣⲻ󡣡廪ҡҡͷԴ֪ѦֳԺ󣬾ĦȭƵĺ޲ԳɽҪ֪һӣΪѦŮ˸ˡ
ܶôĿУǶǻ˽ġ
ʱƣԽԽҲʶΪԼĶ֪ﲻˡɾôˡ
ûͺá
ӵñӣˣҲҪעⰲȫ
廪˵ͷûֻǷܵӦһš

143 ץ

Ѧӵĺܿ, ԽܽûþʧȥӰ
û̯˵̯ϵĶ, ץһ·ģ˵˼ǰ֣һ̾, ں׷Сսʿ׷̱ˡ
ѦܵĻǺ, ·ҪƵģͣ, ܱץס, ȥġ㡯
ǸŮġ㡯Ļ
һɵķ԰ӣȵ, һ°๤˵г͹װٵĳųķȥˡ
ӵжҲѸ٣µķٱѹѯʺ֪֪Ѧڵ
һʼͷӬƵĵңȴû뵽, Ǳߺܿ촫Ϣ, ˵˱г·ˡ
񾯲ֵĴӳǳʯ֡
ǰǸӵµı쵼Ȼ˷ܵ, ټ˵Ѧĺμг, ¹ǽ, ȥҶɽȥ˺ԼĽ, Ǻ޲ܽЩץסˡ
ʯԴ, ٰһ£ϵ飬ӵڰԼСϸš
Ѧ֪Լʱ䲻ˡ
֪Լץסһ־ܣ̹״ӿܵõһ
ģ
װף׿Ǹ㡯ࡣ
ѦεĿĵǾǽһΪǣǸԣĴӣ˴ûųͷģѦһ£漴ߵˣǽҵСӣ
ⶼˣôˣ
ѦαӰüͷ²ϱ˰ɡ
ɣҼǸҽˣ˵ҵһ쵽Ĳɻ϶װġ
ϱôǵô
ⲻҲû¶
ԽԽСѦҲԽԽԶһ·ﳵ˴ӵľͷһŶԺӣʹһɹȳũǱߡ
֮ԶΪΪԼϱַˣⷿǷּҺ½ģѷּҵõǮˡ
Ѧεʱ򣬽ڳԷ
ѦˣæСôû
ûԡѦĿǸϺŮˡ
Ҹø롣ڵѦ£Լǿ첽ȥˣСǾѧУʦǸĻˣϴһĻЩҲ֪ҪӹǲҲֲӡ
ŽĹѦһЩ䣺ʲôϢô
ţ˸ҪϢҲıˣֵ壬ԹˡѦηϥϵֺݺݵ߬ţָ״ģʹԼ侲
ֻ֪Ҫôһ˵Ѧһѽ֧ߡ
ȻȽˣѦ࿪˿ڣ㲻˵ҪȥʾȥｨӵôСˣˣϽȥɡ
˵Сˣô˵Ҳһϱ˵ҲеƫƧϵİһԺɼûǮˣ˸ӵĻץʵСˣǸûᡣ
˼ȥҪ׬Ǯϱӵ˼ռϷ硣
ǶѦβ˼ЦЦС㣬Һ;Ǳһͻ
ãȥɡ
˵ţѦվͽ˼ţһֱĿ͵ʧɹȳͷŻͷ˳˩š
صѦպúһ࣬վƳѦһۣɡ
ѦθѦߡ
ѦӿڴͳԿףԿȴû뵽һִֻӱһסĿڱǣҲһĶ
ǵ
Ѧ಻ŵĵɴ˫ۣء
ĻͱҶ
ѦɫѦĶͺҲѹѹ
Ѧֻоʹͻ֪Էģ̾;
˷䣬ѦξôѦ˺ܴѦ౻ֻʣһԴ棬ﻹ˸ӡ
ĻֻҪͷҡͷˡ
Ѧæĵͷ
㣬ĵܵô
Ѧһ£Ȼصĵͷ
˵˵ǵĸףʲô֣ˣΪʲô뿪ڣ
Ѧ࡮ءѦõӣŰɿˡ
ѦࣺޣѦˣȻϮң
˵˵͸Ѧδһ
Ѧ͵صһ
֪Ѧܵʲô̼ǴʻܿѾʼԼˣҪģסȻԾȣ󡭡
۵׻һ˿ɫ
ȴѾʼνġǵĸ׽Ѧĸ׽Ы꣬ĺɫˣ꣬׸ܵƲԾ׼ȫһǨӹ⣬ȴϴʱ򣬰·͵ߴƱڴûȵǣʱĸѾˡ
ĸŮˣأĸٲһҽԺǸкǸ׵ӣĸΪ˱㣬ϽеľŰٿǮĸȻʹҺ
ŵ£ס
Ѧƽһƽģ˵Ļ漫ˡ
ǡ
Ѧβţ
Ѧ˵Ѧ򣿹
ѦͷЦ˼ͻȻƽѦࣺƭӡ
۾ˣݺݵģŲƭӣƭңĸ׸ѦҲߵģְľˣô²Ŷʮҡ
Ѧɴ˫ۣŵĿѦΡ
ףúҽԺ棬Ƕǵ˹ӣΪʲôѦλ֪
ƭңҸܵܡ
ϵʹԽԽѦڸоˡ
СΣƭˣҵܵܣ㲻ҵܵܣôôأ
Ѧҧź£㻹ƭҡ
ɺ۵ףֹסķ
µԽԽء
ʯָڸӵһ·СܣָŲԶһСׯ˵ǾǽׯǰʱרŸ﹩̫๬Ůģׯ٣ս𣬾飬иװгˣҽׯӡ
һܲһ˵ǸþûôѵĳʯȻܸϣЩ
ͷ
ӵĿ˳ʯһۡ
תҵ찡ܾͲˣ
һƣһȺʿϢĽ˴塣
Ѧ۵ûǺ۾ˣ뺰ͱţֵĿѦΣ·һӡ
ɱҵĸĸ
ҵĸɩӡ
ҵֶôСΪƭҡûˡ
ݡ
Ѧһһİţ˿̾ȻеűԼƵĽܹƫƫΪԶȺѷӽ﹡ߣº˺Ҳ
˵ͻš
ôҲܲסѹ˵
ʹѵģû뵽ӵϣȻôۡ
û뵽ǣûڴ鱨·ϣȴԼһ֡˸ˡ
ҵˡ
ӵܿӵѶϢ
һȺ˽ɹȳǱߵĶС¥Χȥ
ӵһԲʾװǹһ壬ǽսʿѧɫ£һȦΧǽ棬ȻʮӰ
Ҳ°Χǽѹˡ
ʯִΧѲš
ŸӵһƣһȺǽһӿ롣
߿ŵһ˲䣬ʮǹڶ棬һ룬ȴ˶ˡ
ѦλѪѦһϢ
ֻѦͻȻЦЦ
ӵɫһݣǹʶһ̧
顪
һľ졣
Ѧε󱻻һöСɵŮʽ
ѦΣ
ʲôĿӶһ£ֱֱӣǱߴġ
ʱˣæվһȥȥ
˵꣬͸Ͻˡ
Ľ۾һ벻ϱҵûãɱȥˣʱͷܣ˲ġ
ˣ˵ɡ岻ͷƳһۡ
Сţûȥ塣
廪鷿ҹѦϢݺݵ˿󣬲һɵȥϴ˯
ʹˣҹˣ컹Ҫϰء
ѦҹⲡѦȻѺɾ˵񲻴ãƺˡ
һ˳۳ǱߣսܵѵȥԼ
âԼһҿ
ս嵽ǵʱ򣬽âڴڣſȣŴⷢ

144 ؼ

ˡ
սðš
âһ²Żͷ, ЩȻ
ҿԽȥôսһʣһʮȻ˽ȥߵâĶ¡
âЩ㱣Լս̬̫Ȼ, ʶĵͷ
սһ, Աˡ
۳ǿԱ̬, Ŀǰ˵, ڵҪúܶ࣬и⣬˵ͨһھǸ۳Ƿ, ս塭˵۳Ƿ, Ҳ
˵ͨôսüԱ
ԱϵЦЩˡ
âæԲʲô裬, Ҹ㵥
սûᣬתӢģô˵Ӣô
Աæͷ
ŵ, ллս彫˵ݻظԱ
ԱŲ˵תһ·СܵˣſڻĹϰš
ֻʣˡ
âĪЩ, 𿧷ȱ˿ڿ, ʵֻһΣǴǵĵ̫, һ, һȥ, ൽĵס
̲סŤһ˲
ָϽĽȱˣͳ˲ͣȵսĿҲˣЩ
ĿȺܲԣ
սӺ˿ڣò˵ڵĿζǺܴģǲ
ûսĽâеʧ𿧷ȱֺһڣζθ飬âֻ˶Ű⿧Ҳ̫ѺˣҪѺȣҪ᲻ãϾʮǮһء
ս壺
ˣأ
ˣˡ
Щεĵס˽â֣⿧Ҫţ̺ǵģԭζ಻㡣
˵ͺҪţ̺ǡ
ȷߺ󣬽âһӵĿս壺㻹һᡣ
˴˱˴ˡ
սһֳӷ֣Ҳϲ
һҵͦġ
Ŷ
âһ£ң
ţϾǸ£ôɾ仹ȫ˵ģҲֻˡ
ġս塯ԱȣԵýâı
ʲôȫˡâع֪ս˵ʲôˣǶκڰĹȥֻҪëȻԶսĻҲֻǿЦһұ磬䵽İĵطȥܡ
˵սҲĬˡ
Ÿոհʮ۳ǻع飬ʮʱ䡣
ȷʵǸңԶδǡ
һ죬ڵģȥͻȥ
ս̾˿οҪ
ҵȻ
â˿ڿȣ̺ǵĿȷʵúȶˣ
ʵһزȥνģҼȻܳûȥϷʲôӦö֪ɡ
š
һجΡâ鵭ĿŴ⣺֪ôҳµǶӣľ㡣
âعͷʵҺ޹㡣
ô˵
Һ޸ӵϲ㣬û취ǸҲ޸ӵ㶼ܾһϵһۡ
սĬǸӵ͡ս塯֮£治֪ôڡ
ԸȢң֣ҲᱻԶ硣
âſףĽţ룬עɣʹ࣬Ҳɷ򡣡
ĳɷܺá
սſȱŶȣαʮֵķɡ
ӽâľ״̬ɫڸ۳ǵһǼҸģ˵Լɷʱ۵һ飬ڲסġ
ǣĺܺã۵·ʶģûڰ·ˡ
ҸмҲİ
һǰģâ˵ڸ۳ǣ˵һȽ˵¡
ףǡ
ս忴ᵽɷ˵Ľâĵ̾˿ǿˣԼΪߵģȻսҲ⣬Ŀ׵İطͻȻһѣֹסġ
˫ۺĽսҲΪеġ
ºӴ壬˵ǹϵãɽҲûЩͻûޣȻѣƽ͵ȱȻǿԵġ
ǰĳ˱
أɷô
Ȼ
սͷѾս
ȻԽһӶܷɰ
Ǹӡ
ɷֶӣμӱģȱˣһûȥ
ս˿ڿȣЦЦĿŽâôҸ˼ҵ
âЦһеΣȻ˼
ǣ̫ˡ
ս¿ȱˣҲ˵ˣҲˣӭԺ󵽾档վְˣǸˣƼںҲˣƼ޸һѧںǼ޸һˣ˾ɩҲھҽԺʿȥ껹һɰŮ
Ժлȥپһۡ
áâͷսߣں쵱Ҳϴѧ˰ɡ
š
ð
ºӴûľĸ˴ѧֻâЩȻĴɼƼһЩġ
˵ʱ򣬽âæ˵սҪһ⣬ȥҳԡ
ǽͿս΢ЦӢĺ͹̨С˵ʱʹӺܳһŮˣһϺӣһҵյ⡣
ϵ⣬͵Աл˲һ˿
Ӣʲôʱôˣ
ÿ
˺һ˿ֿʱ򣬽âͻȻ˵
ţ
սŽâͣ½Ų
֪ºӴʱ˵˺ܶĻܶΪѣǸ
â˫Űͷ΢΢ţս˸Ҳ޿ɺǣϣ㲻ҪǨŭɷߵһס
İɣҲǹ˽ֵˣ˵ˣҲûʲôޣڡ
ս֪âԼĿʲô
̾˿ˣȥɣˡ
âֱӡ
Ҳˡս˰֣ת󲽵ȥˡ
âһֱսıӰֱӰʧתҵķȥ
컹ʧ̬ˡ
ڸռսʱ
˿Ŀ
ԲԲս˵⣬Ȼܸˣ̰æгһСһСģŶ˷ųԣս˱ȣ춼ǿζȥˢȥˡ
ȻͿһӵˣ϶մ͡
͵óԣҪǻȥҲܳԵͺˡ
е˰ɡսԲԲԴȥԺ򡣡
ܾǾǵĵ⣬ûͺóԡСʦ˵ġ
Ӧɡ
ս岻Եһ֪԰Ī
ԲԲ֪еʧѺóԵĵȥܵóء
군ĵڶ죬ӭվսһεͬȥΪһ۳ǱͯѶȸɶȻͬȴϧܣֻ˵ڶ
ζŶ˵ʵģʦҲЦݡ
ԲԲȴе㲻㡣
·ϣСĽģʦԱߺĺ̸˺һʲôƽġʲô۾顯ʲô֡ԲԲŸ
μ佱սһ˾׼ؾˡ
סǱ췽ľƵ꣬ˣѾûˣԼǮĻɾ̫ˣһȺæģ֮ǰȥͷ
Ʊ˵ġ
ҹڵأɻȥ˾ǡ
ͽӵϢ廪һʹ˫̥ȥ˻ڳڣμӱһ˴˳˫̥Ҳѹֲסĵļʹĳ֣󺰵裬硪

145 ĥ

ԲԲս, Сųŵܵóȥ

ССڳڱһţ˷ţ, Χ·˿Ϳⳡ, Ҳ鲻Խ¶ĵЦ, ĳ˭ϲأ
ûƵ, ġСʦͽС, Цš
Сûֿ, һӷֿô, ϶뻵ˡ
ս, żҲֹסЦ
Ϊһ·ɻ˶࣬廪Ҳõһʱܹţֻվԭؿż, ս߹, ЩԹƳһս塣
ȻתͷսͬеһȺˣλʦˡ
಻, ΪʦֺǺǵЦ
Ȼûõһǵڶĺóɼ, вٱֽ͵̨һ, ϾǵһεٶԱõ, Ǻֵñġ
Ҷ˰ɣһȥԸ緹
˲ˣһȥ԰, ǾͲȥ, ǼҲ뿪Ҳ, øϽȥɻģҲˡ
ʦæ־ܾ
廪ҲûټǵͷǺãȴȥ緹ԲԲĿΡ
ճϡ
ʦЦǺǵԲԲԴͲСˣôɶµСͽܣһֱǵģҪֿˣԲԲ˵ȥ٣úϢϢ
֪ˣʦ
ãʦˡ
˵ʦԴź廪˵ǣŶ뿪ˣµľս壬廪ѡսȥ۳ǵļ
ͷӶ廪˵ͷ
ҲȻȥɡ
ǡ
ֶս˵ͷȻǰ͵ϣһ뿪ˡ
սŲ㲻ͬ
˳ϵϰȫǼİɡ
š廪ỵ̂ĿרעĿǰ·õ˺̵ƣͷ˿ӣ²˵Ÿ۳ǵ£תսС˵ᡭ
Щ˵̫ף㵽Ϊֹ͹ˡ
ս巭˸ۣ
Ҳ֪Щ²֪ľͱֻߡһתͷ⣬뿪ţ糿紵ϣԭЩԺҲЩ
ܿ쵽͵ꡣ
ݵʱƵģڵĳŰӣڵĺ࣬廪ҵϰ塣
θΣ죬ˣϰһ廪ڵ¥ߣ¥ݲʤڸɾ
ϰ˶¥һᣬиԲӣмųʣļϷſӺףпԷװС룬Լһˮ
ȸϵ㿪ˮһڶӡ廪ս壬ɫеήңɵۣĸڶʮ
G֣Եȡ
ϰԱߵĿˮ¥׼ȥˣҲʣһڡ
廪սļ£ۻ˰ɡ
š
սüͷϴ̲סСߺߣȴûֹ廪Ħһзִ磬ս޲ſ廪úһ˵ܺóԵĴӶڴˡ
Ȼ극ͻȥ˯һһȥ㣬ȥҶɽ֪ԲԲǻȥԷ
սſϣӦһ
洫ϰ廪ջ֣ϰŰŶţһžôɤкţθţӿǸճģóأҲϸեģȳԹ
У԰ӣϰİӿġ
㣬ھǳԺúȺãȥкȥˡϰԸˬ³Ķ͸ǶϣֱӺңҸ
鷳ϰˡ
˵˵ϰһ˵ţһ߸Ǵϰš
ϰˣսŲӿ廪̿ӣ֮ǰĻ⣺⼸ôˣ
廪̱ӵĿˮǽǣȻŸ˰ӣ˵ˣϽԷǴˡ
ְ֪֡
˲ʵԲԲҲ׼԰ӡ
ʵʵĳԷ廪ָս˸ӣͷҲΪүүȥգҲ֪տ϶ǳˣҲһѣĵǹˣҲͺˡ
ûôŶ
սͷҧ˿ڰӣƳ廪ֻ˵յʱɫģҲ֪Щʲô
ǡأ
ս˿ڶİӸ˳ȥүүҪɡ
ᡣ
廪Ҳ˿ڶȻϺͿˣԹȴҳϵģ͹ҰΣһʲô
⻰ġ
ɾǶ졣
ò˵ҵİóԣսһһڱˣ廪һĸڶӣϲġ
ȳ˸Ե˱Сںţźǳ緹ͳ
⵵ڣͷʹ˳
һŮ˼𣺡ǿ㵽ʲô˼ˣ׷ҵģȻͱŮ緹Ǹӣ˵ŲŰɣŹ¿أһ̤治Ǹ
ңϹ˵˵
ǿ˭һŮ˵Ҳǽ˭ʲôϵʲô׷ʲôһ̤
ƼƼҡ
˵ˣô£ءһʹġ
սߵڣ־磬ȴȻˣǸŶӵŮٲȻһ֪Ƽ߬ӵˣһ˹ǿ
վǶĹһɫëȹͷҲ˾ϻױͿĺģžһĦŮɵӡ
˵ʵĿǰľ˵Ҳô硣
ֻƼһŹǿӣһָŶӣ¶ʹɫǿҶӡءۡ
ˣǻ˰ɣӣ¿
Ƕ̥˰ɣ죬
쵹ˮ
ΧΧ۵һ£̶ΧоϸˣæҵİƼǿҲһŵĿƼ
֮ǰ˼ҩȷʵ˺תû뵽ƼȻڽǰսѹϵֽˣʮֵȴ޿κΣƼǰŮˣǴѧкܺõĹĺ롣
ֻȥұҽã⼸ҩ˲١
һƼ׻ˣҲ˿ǣƼϲãλεֶŮҲǸոǸĦŮɴѧҵ˵λ
ᣬôƯôʻͥôã쵼˵׻ǴλĴ쵼
ֻŵƼѺͺƼ飬ȥ׷εֶŮʱҸĺӣûб¶ˡ
һԼţûǹô졣
ֻȻҪġ
£ҴȥҽԺǿοƼͷѰεֶŮ
ȿˣһӳ嵽ǰңæܳ£ȥҽԺɡ
ңģųʲô
ҡˡ
ǿԶ
ңš
ǰܶԹȸҽԺȥ㰡ԱߵҲʼǻ
٣гģӣͷ亹ˣ˭г԰
ˣո¥ϲһųô
˼һڣλð
һ°
ȥ˵˼ҵû¥˵˼Ҳ¡
ֹģҵĺĦŮ۾һŰתŸ߸Ь˳һžˣǿΧۣҧҧֱӳ¥

146 Ц

⻧͵¥̨, һǽţϸи¥ݡ
ǿһȦų¥ġ
ϰź׷ⲻΪô, ⿪һô˵
ǿһƿһ, û, ʰĸɸɾġ
˵ôôΪأ·ôֶģһ, αطǵ׷˼ҿҡϰƹȥסǿ
ǿϰһۣһƿÿ
Ȼƿһš
սһݣΪϰסҲû, Եűƿʱ, ӱһ
廪ʱɫһ, ̧ͷſڣƣȥ
ǿǿ廪ȻĿսϣս塭
ս˿ˮ, 廪ĸ첲ңȥҽԺ
Ͱɡ廪ЩĵĿս塣
ã;С
սùԿ, Ƴ˹ǿһ, ȻƹߣŸʲô߰
ǿع񣬿廪һ, תս¥ȥ
ϰվſڣǵıӰٿ廪, Цһǡ⡭Ǻš
Ҫ
˵, һ, ϰ˸Ĵָ
棬ƼɫѾЩˣɶͷð亹ǿˣʶĿȥȻͿһϤ
ƼɫһԱӵ־վ壬
šƼ˵ͷȻǿȥ
˵Сȥȥˡ
ȳˣһѣһµİƼ˳ǿҲ˳Ƽ§˻ֻƼﻹǿһۡ
鷳ˡǿЩֺõĶսЦЦ
սרעĿǰ·Ȼ֪鷳ˣ£Ҫ³£ǾԲǵġ

ƼɫЩѿ
ս岻˵רĿھǵĴ·Ǻƽ̹ģһ·޾յĵҽԺսĳͣȣǿƿţҪƼȥ
սæֹȽȥһʿܣϢϢ
ǿͷ͸Ͻȥˡ
ȹǿ뿪󣬳ֻʣƼսˡ
ƼαϣĿⲻսϣ겻ʱƶսŴԽԽ֮⣬û˿µĺۼ
̶̼꣬ѾһഺĴѧɳ⸱ģ
һԸսںǰ¶̬ս壬ȴԼǱӡ
һҺܿЦɡ
ƼЩԱĿų˵ҪҪ޵ˣȴһ
˵ʵڵģӹôɲЦ˵ʵһ޹ؽҪ顣սͷԼ֣Լѡģ·ŶҪꡯ仰Լ˵ģڵ·ʱˣҪڣȥ
Ƽ
꣬ĶӸˡ
ǿҽԺҵ˻ʿΣزˣŵܹƼӳϽƽ˼ҡ
ǿվڳӱߣҪȥֹ˼ս塣
Ϊս³ȥսȴû¡
̫ллˡǿս׽ƼƼˣһŵл
ɱ𡣡
սҲľܾˣɫɱˣСİѺûˣҲҪǵĸл֮ͶѣϽȥɣҲȥˡ
˵꣬ҲȹǿӦ棬뿪ҽԺ
Ǽƣͷ׷Ƶġ
͵꣬ս廪׼ؼҡ
ˣǸиôˣ廪ųźƵʱתͷսһۡ
֪͵˾ͻˡ
ս޷ȥԺǱˡ
šϬ廪˵ͷʹ˸䣬ȻȵͣĺԺſڡ
໣ҿһ³˷ܵļһŸڵžʹһ̣ǻ
ܿ죬߳һС̫̫
һ಼ӣ׵ͷ룬̳ɷԺ󣬿ЦԭС͸ӻˣ
ǰս򿪺䣬
ãðԶž˵ģ˾ͺúϢæˣԸһھͳɡ
ûȥүүȥ
һ£ȻͷУҾͲæˡ
´лٳա
ǸãջǲģＸСģϲķˡ˵Щ£˽ҹŮտǸŹӪʦѧģʱӲˣˣȻȥˣҲϽϢȥɡ
֣ȥæɡ
ֺǺǵĺСԺ
սҲźǽݣһţ廪˵ʰϽԶԶȥϴ裬Ȼϴ˯һȥ
УҰ˲ٸ۳ǵĵģ͵ȥڡս˸ǷͷԲԲȥϴ衣
˫̥һ˵廪ǰȥ
ϴ裬Ѿʰһˣ輸ϰĶһɫĹȹתȦ˷ܵʵܵܣҺÿô
ѾͷƬӵ·ÿڼŭһѾͷƬӡð·צĸź׷
СȵڵĿ죬һܣһߴ󺰵ĸϻƸ硪ҡ
̫
ĸź׷ȥ
ʱڴεº͵ܿ죬ֵûˣԲԲͷЩʪģս岻̫ëš
Ҳҿȥڸһô
ԲԲ˵
治ս֣ͣӿ
ţһ㶼ԲԲæͷ
Уȥɡ
ս岻ֲļҳȻô˵ˣȻͬ⣬ԲԲ˷ܵس˳ȥ廪ڲ輸ʰս˸Ƿæȥɻ
ȥɣЩˡ
࣬Ҹ˯£ǲ˿ģϴҿսߵ廪ſĺϣղ˲˵ĺ󲱾
廪̧ķУԼô
Ȼ
ǵʱһ𴩡
С
ս͵̽ͷ廪ӡһǣȻһ·СŻ˷䣬ЩĶӵ˼廪ıӰ̲סЦҡҡͷû
սһ˯ø
Ѿ䲻ȣټϴ裬ڴϣһű̺ʱѾʮˡ
廪ѾˣҲ͸ȥˣֻһЩò׼ķɳϣսʰ
ˣ㿴ʲôҪ߰ɡ
ս߹ĶֳݣָһݣҶɽȥˣ㲻˵ȥλôôûȥ
û¶ǲæҪ£绰ġ
廪ΪȥҲڴȻһѶŽȥ㻻·׼ˡ
š
սӦһط任·廪ȥڰѺǺ
һ˿ųҶɽȥˡ
˺ҶɽæԲԲͣĴֱţˡ
̣ڸ۳ǿԸԲԲȵġսĸ첲ͺߵСˣȻûʲôΥ͸С
ս̬ⷬʮá
ֺǺǵս֣飬ⲻǹҲˣԵ㣬Ͻ
̶ǾǺãֲҵ˸۳ǣʱһ뵽ľء
սɿ֣æӰｫԼ·óƣ۳ǰֺŵĲ÷ʦȹҿǼ˲Ǯ˼ҼӼġ
һ·ﺰţҶôˣȹӡȴʮѸٵĽӹ·ϱ˱ȣŵͦ
ǿɲ
廪ֲڿڴſϣżΨŮһ˵ӣĵ΢΢˿
ֻ֪Ҫ̵϶ܺ

պǵ취
ҪԺܳǸ鷳
ȻĻǾֻԶˡ

147 

ԲԲڹʸٱٶĵǾϢӡ
Щû¶ͶŲ豭ȥꡣ
࿴ɫ, к廪ȥүүȥЩһ쵽Ĳżҡ
үүҲǸ˵ġ
ΪԲԲڹʸٱٶǾЩе˷ܹ, ӵõϢ, Ҳ, ÿŲ豭Ժ
˴һ仰ǿھϷˡ
޵ô˺޲óԼ͡
廪ҵʱ, Ų豭˵˷ܣ⣬廪æ֣ԲԲѾ˰ɡ
ˡ廪ЩЦĵͷ
أûæʵ
, ء
ϽվץԼı±ҵûȥȥ, ԺǹרŷźǵĽơ˵ţͷҫһ£׼ˣ˭뵽, ǼԲԲżѡ
ѣ

ֻĽʺޣСͻλƵĻ˼ҡ
һžͿϵĽƣ߹ȥ, ſ, ͷϸ, ۾ֵͲ, ֮ӽ, û¹ơ
ܲˡ
, ˡ
ƣŻغʰʰ׼Էɡ
ӣҿôˡ
죬ô˵ȴûֻǿཫյԱߵ㼸ϡ
սŲ˴ӳЦ˵ƾͷֲȥүүʲôʱ򿴾ʲôʱ򿴣һʱ
ǵǣСȥӣרŽơ
ߵƹǱߣúѡ
ںȾưɣʱҽǱ˵ֲҡ
ɫ˽
⻰˵ġ
ƳڶҽҽĶڶ߻죬žƿվڹԱ߷
սŲˣߵ廪ߣС˵үү˰
ǰŲΪһ仰Ϊء
ǰ廪Ҳпǧ̸۸ߵʱ򣬻ӢӣɵУȴֺͿˡ
⻰ɲܵүү˵սƳ廪һۡ
廪
⻰ֲ˵ģ
Ųӣľǿһ׾ƣ˷ܵ۾ˡ
˯ı±ţγȥԲԲĽƣ˷ӣԲԲһ綼Ӻ˵ģ;žͦĽġ
Ҳ֪ǲ˴̼ȥǱ鿴ˡ
ȻסͲˣûСʱȥεȥˣԳϷͦȤģÿεϿεʱԱ߶ҲգǸ󿪷֮ţ
һҪͽܵ˼
ս嵹԰ϷİԲóϷĿࡣ
Ҫ֪⳪Ϸģɲǰȶֵܼġ
˵ɤãζҲƯǸϷĺӣս°ˣ˼ҵģʮ꣬Ҳû࣬ټĺӸѧϰҪϴѧзݺùûԸˡ
ս׼Ͱúһġ
һ죬Ͱͷҡ˹ģҲϷ
ҲϲϷֻϲε糪Ϸѡ˿ԼչıʣεСͬ־ֿ䣺ε糪Ϸɺÿˡ
ս壺
⻰ûӡ
˿˱ۣʲôأԲԲԺ϶ҪСټҵģϲѧѧϰҲãأҲʮˣûرϲĶô

ԴҲ˳˼
رϲĶ
Ҳ֪СԴȥ
ţҾϲƯĶֻҪÿģҶϲ
սһ
аɣֻҪԼϲУϲʲôѧϰɼҸá
֪裬ϴ¿һٷءͣһˡ
սһҲںһĺ̸δɶģƺе̫ˡ
ðɣڵĳɼȡøѧĽ״սŮԴʱʰһǽר״
۾һ̺֣ѽѽ
սƳһۣ֪ǿԲԲ߶ˣиҫĻᣬȻŹҲã˲֪ϽԾֵ֧ġ
ںҶɽһ죬ϻĺԺȥ˯
ڶϰѺǶͳźսŰȥ˳
һûķΧû̫ı仯
һ칫æµĽŲأսҲֻкһһԲԲĳɼ֪ԲԲ˽Ժսһ¡
ϵ⹤ʾͱƬʮǮһ£˵ս巢Щˡ
Ĺ߳ȥ°Ͷȱ˰ĸЩ
̬ȻǵĹǵĽʺޣȻСЩͲСģ㻹ѧͽҲõ˸ýŵýġ
ʸߣã黹߳ȥڼչߡ
ݼ棬ǶǸĸϴĶȲṤʣֳֻɾ͸УͲһܸܵġ
ԣƴֵľǣ峧ͣҲһ㶼顣
սȻãֱӴһӣʳŹǡ
Сһ⻰Ҳ˲ϰˣܵʳȥˣǵʦ޲øǵĿڱϴ棬ǵĹʡ
ص칫ң̽Щӻܵ
ǱһֶմȥȻܵıҶ졣
⹤ϯϵô
ʲôô
սԹϯǺģϾһãҪմˣɵúӦɲãеĹҪǣսҲֻ뿪ѣҪȨ޸Ҳ᲻ʵʵ
ûϯɴ඼ûô
µûУֻʦһ¸ӣ༭ǱЩò׼⡣
ӣ
غҶɽҲû˵ѽ
ҿ
̽ӵĸӵݵսϣսӹһüĶʱ΢΢
Ӿǡɡĸӡ

е㲻һˡ
ԭֻͨȥӣڣȴԪأƩͬǰӣŮȻǺ꾫̳槼ڴҪԵ࣬ȴΪӣδܳУԭڼʱѾ˻ʵ۵ĺӡ
Уʵ۴һͷӱ塣
ɱк׬һж
槼ҪȺ̥ʱͻȻ֣еĺȻ˻ʷ
ԭ˻λɰ󣬶԰˼أͶ̥УҪͰ槼ǰԵ槼ʽˡ
ӣǱϲЩġ
˵Ԫغ󣬾鱥࣬һˣûӣء
ս壺
ӵԶͦѽ
ҿ棬ɱ֮ǰһϸ¶ˡ
ҪǣжƳε棬ֻеļΣҲһһչ֣滹һݼ˵ǸָĿܱߵɫ
治ٶǱʧգս忴һۣѾʼմˡ
ܽᣬս·𿴼СǮǮڴɡ
Ҫ׬ܶ࣬ٶ෢㸣ɡ
ȷҺͽʦһģô
Уˮ졷ѾʽӣӰڵˣ⣬Ӧû˳ġ
ս⻰΢΢˿

۾Ҫǡˮ졷Ҳ񽱵ĻȥӰڻȥӣӰأ
ӰڵʱǺܽӽġ
ս壺
ˡ
ģ۵ģգ

148 Ϣ

ս弱ææ˸ˮ졷ĹԱա
ȻܲΧ֪, ʱȣðĶüӽ죬ʱΧ, øֲ, ǲŽԩء
콱ָ߹ʱ̣ҪԱܳϯĻ˵Ҳһź
ˮ졷ԱǵõϢͷҲһļ, Ҫ֪ǿĽСʦ塷ˣ֮ǰȥ커գͷ¾ģڡˮ졷Ͼ, ȡܳһ˹, Ϊ⡣
Ȼ, ˮ졷, Ҳ, ҪӵŬ
뷨ʹĿ
û뵽, Ŀû뵽, ڱˣͷ֪ͨȥ커, һѷĳ嵽Ǳ߿λ֤, սҪǡ͵, ֤ʱ, һż, ȴ˾«
֤սְֻ֯Ϣ˵˳ˣܲΧǸδ֪հˣȱţϢˣһһ
⻰һ˲ɵöЩɥ
ΪȷϢء
ս廷˵ı飬һҲûҪɥҶǵĵӰǺŵģǻǹչģţΧӦûģܻܲ񽱣͵ÿίǷ۹ˡ
⻰Ǳ˼ҪǿϾ˼۹⣡
ӻ̶ľһӽԭЩķΧɢˣһȺ̶ͬԱֺǺǵĸЦ
Ѿ껤յսͻĶƤҪΧˣҿæˡ
ҲСʦĸˣ綼ýԵķգɾͺսһģһˡ
ɢ˻ᣬĻؼҡ
ôô˰ھ̲סʵЩ΢ֺá
˭֪˰뱲ӣʮϸ쵼ŷǺͬҲܸˣ˵ƬﻹǸСĸɲء
ûɶǳˡ
ŶŶǸøˣôĳӣһ߾ʮģҲǳǡھôһҲŸͣ˵ǳȥ۳ǰɡ
ţֶӲμӹʱΪӴ
¶Ҳ֪ǰ챨ֽء
ɵĵͷʮг״Ԫ˵ѧϰɼرã˱ˡ
ŶҪãѧǸС١
⵹ġ
εͷֺת˼ҡ
һţͿԼ׷ŴιʱüԾͱιˣȶӶȻ֪Է
˵⺢ӣȱʱʳ󰡣ԿڸɵĶѣڵĺ۹ݴģ澫ϸĻˡŴӢƲƲ졣
ΪѳԣүүԺ󶼴˻вСѽĲ˺óԡҲʾͷ˸ͺ
СӣŴӢ۾һɣȭͷתˡ
һܻһߺóԻ˵ԡ
ԶˣŴӢŻͷݺݵĵһΣ͹Űɡ
ӣе飬һܾͲżңһֱ˰ű°ĵŤŶˣһ³Էϱŷɷٿ룬һСʵ֣ǰ˵Ǹ¶㿼ǵôˣ
ɶǣڹͦõġ
ƤӶƣֻࡣ
ŷʱˣ֣⹤ٺ׬Ǯ˼Ҳ˵ˣֻҪԸȥһ¹ʾͰ˰ٶǿ൱һǧأڳææһҲʮǮ
Ҳȥ
ǰЩһܵﻰĴĹʣ˼󣬲˵ƯǱд˾ˣҪļԱŵһ¹˾˰˵ȥ꣬õ̿Ϊ˾Ưˡ
ʱ𣬼Ϳʼĸˡ
ǶϱŷҪ
֪֡᲻ǳӣǳӵĹҲ߰ԺӻҪϴѧȢϱ㲻Ϊ룬ҲΪ밡
Ƴһۡ
ûҡǡԴӵ֪ԼĿпùʴ󽱺û뷨ˡ
Ȼʲߣھϴ󣬳иʲô뷨ȺһأҪ浽˹⣬ȻʸˣɵͷǾǸӵģһӣǰ뱲ӵ˰뱲ӵͷڹ꣬뱲ӣ˵ɶ֧ͷ
ŷֻ֪ʸߣȴ֪Ļж
ʳóԷʱս˵۳ǵĻԸʮǮ⻹Ǹ۳ǲǹأҪǡǰ˰ٿǮʲôѽ
̿úͱ˽飬ҪҺ飿
ɶ飿
ŴӢһˣͷҡ˹ģȥȥڼһˣȥɶѽŷҪȥԼߣӸ¾С
衪
εĶһˡ
զһĲСһ룿
ŷһɫҲˣ̲˵ĵͷ
飬㲻εĹǸѧˣϴҲųҪߥ޵󣬹ȫҳˣǲŽĵùء
ΪôóģûǮɣһ˶٣
壬ǧ
ǧǡζЦˡ
ȫҼ壬㵹ͦ󷽰
ŷԴĸˡ
ԹԵĳԷһ㶼ΪԼϱ
㣬Ҳѻյͷϡ
̸ģҷ˲أǵλСǸɲȥﶼ˵ƭǮأ˵ˣ˵ȫǴѧҵɶġ˿˰ɣ˼ǶɨصĶҪƾ
ŷҭһ¡
ֲڳϣ̬أԭѹû⼸ϴģڸɶ
սɲ֪ǽڵͷϡ
º󣬡ˮ졷ΧϢ˳սһʱͰ¶˵ˣμ۾ˣ̾ûбʱ帯ʴôʲôʱа
˵̲סǱߴ绰ҫˡ
ǰǼ϶ȥͶ˼ңԼˣҲ˼ǰֱͦˣȻҫǲģ֮ĵ٩
ͨ˵绰󣬷鲻ˡ
Աˡ
սЩ䡣
ϳԷʱ廪Ϳˣʱû˵һ㣬ҵֿ٣˯ˣʵ鲻ãˣ
ûǱ߼Աˣͷܡ
廪
¶Ҳˡ
ķļԱĿǰٷϴ˵Ļ˵˲š
Ĺʸߣã˱Ҳ顣
Ǿĸ￪ʱѾԤϵ飬⼸Ѿܶˣֻǣ۶ٴΣÿһɻ̲סĵ䡣
˵ģ⹤ʡȷʵûɶ
˼벻Уɱ˵ʱץסѱˡ
廪ǣסս֣Լ£ıڻǹһԽԽõģһ죬ЩȥˣڳȥҪ
ս崹廪Ļ
֪
ϣһ㵽
һģһŬ
սͷá

149 

Ϊһ绰ԭ, ⼸鶼á
ķΧҲЩƣӶɫģһɵĲ, ʲôģҪ˴, ԼæˣǡÿҪпˡ
ԲԲΪ󲿷ַϵԵʣɼ㲻϶ãȻڰǰ, ÿο, ôһΪĴ۷֡
⼸ʱŵ, пԾȻ˸һ
˾͸Ҫ, ԼԶĵһ, ͵ܱܵѧ¿ûܵܺãסϣ, ǽ, Ǿ֡
ӵĺóɼս̺
Ҫ뿪ˣҲס, , ð֤Աܸô
ս׼ԪĻᣬԱһ, Ҫʲô
廪æ, Ѿ쵼üˡ
ɼڶ, սź׼غҶɽӵ绰Сӡ
غҶɽ֮ǰսǰլĵؽﻹȥѾƣϴԲԲ˽ƣȾֲҺȵսǹ
Сܿ˳һϳսкǴլǱһˡ
ɩҪȥլȡСһšԿһʵ
ţȥѾƣȥүүܲܺȡ
С뵽ϽڼΪ˿ھƺ̶ǶµӣҲеЦССģ˵ˣСܶϽöˡ
ǵҽҵĴ򡣡
ĺԺԺȻԶ֮ǰ·ǸСӣгУͱˡ
Ӵ·ĺԺԺԶˣһȦʮӲŵˡ
һլ±ġ
սһߺһ߸˳
ǵĶ̫󣬾˸ڵھӣһһһֻСʹ˳һ̺вƣ
СϤãȻԭת˸Ȧֳ˹

ǻھӸں棬ų˳
̡ӿھӣʮòĺ
緹أսҲЦŴкǼסʱദĻԡ
أǳûûԵĻҼҳԵ
ʮк
ˣллˡ
սߵߣǻǶ㾩棬һ۹̷ֲԾǲˣ
ˣƤûջȥءЦǺǵĵͷ
СộҿԲԿСһܹȥ̵ӡ
̱ϲӣ԰ҪȻڴӦ
ԲԲ;ˣҲæ֣Ҳȥ
ɣǰ˵ðɵСһ㣬ŻС̡
ȥ˿ɱ鷳ս廹ҪȻܸȥǲһ䡣
֪x3
װͬ⣬̴вƺȥ˸ڵĲܼңǲûŻȥǼս˵Դǰˣ̫ͬˣ嶼ǼҼˡ
䣬ʹүӴЦ
ƣɶЩʱûô˹ˡ
ս嵱סʱ򣬺ھӴҲã⻰̱ʾԺû¶ǵס졣
Ǹá̸˵ĵͷˣǰ˶ԷޣҲ֪ǲм£ŶӶϴˣңֲ֪ǰĶȥˡ
սһ֪Ƽ͹ǿӡ
ϵЦݵ˼֡
үүʹˣǵþͽչŵ㡣սģɵĴ
ĺԺ£ǵõ͵Щ
ӦõӦõġ
ͷҲǷҪǻϻ˵ˡ
СѾԺӣ˵ؽȥˣս峯Ժ￴˿ڲܼҼ˷ܵʱеͷۣ˼ĶŲЦЦȥǼⳳģҼǵǼСϱ˰ɡ
ˣءᵽСϱ̾Цĸˡ
ǿɲôȻͷء
˵ţ͸Ų̽Ժ
ͷͷĶڹǶճСģֻбһëǵŵݺͲľ·
ءǶС̹̺ȵס
裬СÿɰͷսԾԾԡ
սӱܵƲۡ
ǲСʵûǸġ
衭ʹ**
ǰ߶ʱܺͲܼҵĹ棬ĺԺǱߣֲһͷǽһġ
ս屻ͷƤ飬æмܣȻȥͰְһ£˵۾˰ɡ
Ү
һǼƣ廪ѾͬƵġ
ȴӲܼҳսԺӺС˰̳Ѿư䣬µһѲ˸ţͲ̸˱ЩſڣȻҶɽȥˡ
˺Ҷɽ鷿ͼ˵緹
սӾȥæ
࿴ս˲ˣ˵֣һ˵Сܻȥأû뵽㶼ˡ
һѾƣȥҽʣܲܺȡ
ɣүүľƳӶˡ
ڰ֡
սСܴһ̳ӣҨһ׹ͷƿϾȥҽˣҽֻһϾҽͷˣΪξͲͣݺҲסںҶɽҽԱϡ٣ɴ෵ƸԺ
һḻҽ߳үҲܷⷢүҲˣڶæһӣͻȻ׺˼룬£ڼҺͶϱţͷܣڰϰ࣬Ҳûʲôóġ
һ˵սԼѾƣүͷʱˡ
Ҳ˵Ϲˡ
ܺȣܶȣȸľС
õ𰸵սлǡ
үӿսıӰ̾һ˱˰Ҳ֪ʲôǵøϰƵģߵʱ˶ô
صԺСԺժëˮرϴˡ
ôæʡ
ܺȣǲܶȡս彫ͷӷϡ
Ǿͺãүү͵͵İѾƿص鷿ҪСܷˣָҺȶء
ս壺
ԽԽСˡ
æһСʱһǴݶģȶ鷿Ųſˣ߳װˣǰ棬ͦŹգ˿Ȼ͵ƺȡ
Ӵæô˰źһժñӣǽпڸ
ŵ緹СɵöԵ
ɩ仰һԡ
۾תתС޵Ļæڣƿę́óһѡ
ȥƹȡę́ϡ
ę́Ǻȣǲܺȡ
۾һɣҪæָָǽǸѾƣ˵ܺ˵ûȡ
ҪߵĻҭ˻ȥ
ˣеĺȲˡ
緹ʱͿԼصę́ͬŵĶӣԼֻܿĺѾơ
ƹѲȥʢ
սæȥ̣Ұ㡣
û¶Լ
දİŹҨ
ȻӣΪȴСԷж϶٣еĹ˿ӵľɩſ۵ǰھʱʿϲǼ͡
ˣȺˣҲǰһ
սźһӲͺˮȥˡ
ֻû뵽ߵſڲˣ洫̸սһ
϶ǳģǿԱҽʱҪʵ᲻ã˽￴һۡ
͡βˣ
ˡ
ǰ
ô͵ðأⱲҶεģǰĲµľˣûԲأùضꣿ
Ⱳӡ
ѵ
̣
ս־ĵãȻͿǰһˤˡ顯һԵڵϣսһӵĹ̾ͷסӡ
Сܣ죬ȥҽ

150 

սּ
һ, ̾˳
ɩӣ
ǸС޵˿ٳһѱࣺ죬ȥҽԺ
Сתȥսź, ææ˳
ʼ, ս嶼ûлͷһ, ֪, һĵˣμһֱЩŧ˿סİ̺ҲҪҿˡ
***
˼, սͷѰ˼ҪҪ廪绰
廪쵼ȥǳ, ңԶ˵绰, һʱҲز, ˵ҪΪģҪǲ廪, һи̵ģδ϶Ǹź
ѵʱ, Сܽѻˡ
ɩ, ҵûغҶɽһˡӵݵսϽҲˡ
սĿСһۣүүôˣ
ż, أҽѾˡ
Ͻȥ, ˣ㵽ǶѺ͵Ǳ, , źǡս岻ĺ, СҪȥæһ
Сܵͷİɣɩӡ
սվڴĿСܿȥŻص֢ҵſڡ
ʸ˵£ϴ֣ϰ״ӾͿٵĹˣ
衪
磬ԭȶս壬ʱӿһί
ôˣȥˣ
ȥʮˣҡ
úӱżҽȥ簲ս֣ȻҵŽȥˣս
ֹ˶ʮңųˡ
裬ôˣ
סս֣±£û¶ʹѪѹߣһûܵסιȥˣѾҩˣʱôΪ˼ˣҸոոϴһ¡
սŷ
һϣ˿
ǳʲô¶ˣÿȥҶɽһģǴ̼

ս崹ʵҲǺ˸磬үү˵ʲôԲ󲮸ûѴ󲮸̺ã󲮸ƺ岻̫ãһ棬˵󲮸ҵĴӣǸȻ̾͵ˡ
ԽԽ١
ѾһƬ
ҽԺչ˺̡
ս֣ʼϵİ״ӣȥҶɽһˡ
ս壺
衣
£ȥүģôˣͰˣҿɲֱ˱ս壺úӣúչ̣Һܿͻ
˵꣬תһˡ
սվڼſڣôԼţһѵƣʧС

GGأˡ
սҲ˲ȥ˵ЩʲôˣҪľẓ́˼Ҽϱźţ߾ˣһææģǾҽԺĶϱЩСʿҲŰæ
סԺϢҲûţܿ촫Ǳߡ
ھҽҵں˵ˣ˼ˡ
̫̫û°ɡںһžͰæ˵ƿϵҺܵٶȡ
û¶ʹˣЩ˲
ս岻μҷ¸߱ˣںҲΪʹ˲岻ãҲ̾˿ɲǣԺųǰЩ˯˯žûˣ˵͵ˣ޲ֵˣ˵и֪ܲûˡ
սëӹǻӲʡ
ںһ֪Լ˵Ļԣæתƻ⣺ˣҽأ
ﺢû˿ȥſȥˡ
Ӧõġ
ںսˮеˣҪٸҵȴһˮȴֻǿյģһҲǿյģȥˮ
鷳ˡսЩ˼ЦЦ
鷳ɶѽӦõġ
˵ţںˮȥˡ
սڴߣĿŴϵࡣ
һںˡ
ں컹Ҫϰ࣬Բֻܾ˵ϸͷ㼱ææˡ
һߣڵĳ嵽Ҷɽ
ڴϣʿո˵ΣԱ߼װΧŴһǵĿȻոȵҲŵ£ǶŻˡ
ϽżСǱߺܿͻˣʱ֪ɩ嵽ôˡ
ͷŵĲУϻأƱ´ҵȥȥ
ϽGɱˣȥˣҽԺﻹչ㡣
У϶ˣҵÿȥУأ
˵ţתͷӡ
ָϽӡ
˵ģǽ̸ģԷʱ򣬻ϻ˵˻ոӣյ˸ΰֵʱѾˣûЧҩļûõˣҲͶôһ죬ͱˡ
Ǹͷģ޲óԼ
絽ʱԺһ˶ûУֱӳ嵽ķſڣ˵Ҳһƿš

ɲǰǲǹǲǽֻҧгݵĺ۵׷·ȼһŻ
硭
ǲĶǱӸˣ
͵һ
糰ġһ˰ͲסҶɽ͸ԺסȥǸ鷿ȥ
գԲ㵱ͲţǼ
ָҪäϹǷҲʮؼգ֪֪ʮʱˣʲôӢۣ㻹ʲôסѹôûţҪû»ã赫и̣Һû꣡
˵꣬Ҳڣ첽嵽ңֱӲ˽ĸӡ
ؿڣѾƽѪѹ³ȥ
ԺﲻͣһġʲôӢۡ
ǰһķڡ
ߴǻŵ
źٶȻҽԺսҽԺž˵ˡ
ûóȻĴȥȽǴȥ˰칫ңӱıʸŻˣǰ۾ģȻ֮ǰ޵纰Լһѧڰ칫չ˺ӣԼ´ϰ״ӣȥĲ
һ£ϵľûˡ
ήҵĿͷϡ
սżι
ڣһ仰û˵һֱһ뼦ȸɾˣͻȻ˵үү顣
սһ¡
Ȼһҧ룬ֻҪ㿪ģ۾롣
Цˡ
ϴǳˣҲʲô£֮ǰ˵ٹܵġ
Ȼ˵죬ƭ˵Ĺ
˼˾˯˹ȥ
ʹˣһˣƣĲС
һţսվ߳⡣
ѹû
ˣ˯ˡսͷȻɫЩΪѵƳһۣ˵Ҫүү顣
ü˵ģ
š
Ǿ룡
һ廪绰¶УǱߣҲš
սĬƬ̣֣صĵͷá
廪ӵסԺϢʱ쵼Ӳ졣
籨廪۾쵼¿һ죬ϻصдŸս˸绰
ôˣ
绰ͨˣ廪æʵ
ʹˣѪѹеߣģһӾ͵ˣѪѹѾˣãһֱᣬҿž;ġ
ս̾˿һĹġ

룬սȦˣ˵Ҫ顣

151 

ô£
廪Щ, ֮ǰжìܣոƺɢˣôͻȻҪأ
սû, 췢һһʮ˵ˡ
˵绰ͷһֱûл, ս̲סġι, ͷŴһϤϤ
廪˸, ûǼָ⡣
̣˵ܽ侲˼ָ⣬Ҳ֪ǲ, ˼ȷʵûиոˡ
ߴġι廪Ҳһء
¶
ɣҲС, Լ˵°ɡ
廪һ仰ͱ̬ȣ֧еľ
Ҳ, ҵȻٸǱȥ绰
ãǱϵͺã⼸Ҫչ, æˣһʱͻȥ
ս̾˿żæԼ, ء
, , ͵Ǳô
ɺܽ, Ҿ׼ңԲԲǽ˾Ĵһֱ׽ܹչ˵Ļᣬ϶Ը⡣
ᵽӣս̾˿˵£ˣܵҶɽүүǰµ棬ָʹһ٣ȻȥҰѺӴҽԺҲ˼٣ȻĺԺǱչ˺ˡ
Ҳã˾ûˡ
š
¶˵ˣսĵ׵ƾӿҪˣ֪ҶͲѾƻȥˡ
Ѿƶȥˣ
š
뵽ս͸оƣүȾƣүһ㶼ˡ
ˣˡ廪º͵İţԺ˾ƣˡ
ս屾ֻû뵽廪Ȼôݣһӣѹĵ׵СһӾͳˣôܲҽҪˡ
绰ͷ廪еЦ̨ϵķԱʱʱƳһָۣϽЦѹȥ
ȡһ
úչ̣ȥҸ
һǳʷģز࣬˵չڸ㽨裬˿ھгг̻ˣǰûҲð˳
һε֪廪ȥսҲǸġ
廪ȥƽϢûŲ̳˻Ҫ֪ڼʮԺ󣬽ƽļѾʧˣƳƽָиӲжƽֲࡣ
ͬʱ廪һ޻֮ˣҪҵĻļ¼Ƭ
ЩûʲôչʱսҲû̫ʧ
ֺ˼䣬廪ŹҶ˵绰
ڹ̨վ˼ӣ廪绰Ǻ͵ʡǱߴ˵绰
ҪǴ£һ˿ɶס֪Ķ֪С
ս岻֪廪ôģڶͽӵ˵ʡĵ籨˵ɺѾ˻𳵣źϾŵൽҡ
ȻϢѾˡ
սҽԺ㴲һϣѺ͵ѧУҽԺս壬ںҲ˼ٹæսź緹űŰææȥ˳
һֱæ磬սű⽻ССҽԺȥˡ
ȴ룬¥ͿһȻվڲſڣΪţĮ
ȥɣһȥˡ
һս壬æ˵ʱҽȥڵĸǶ緹е㲻ģҵûȥȥ
սĸ첲ˡ
ȻתҴȥ
սɻߵſڣȻ͸ŲڲԱߣֽ֣߬Įһۡ
ǿ˵Щʲô
ս
ֲøոҪվأˡ
սһûˣ̧ţܿ洫ƿţ˽ȥ̣ʳø㰾˵ࡣ
˵ţűͰߵԱߵӱߣӲڴͳ룺үүҲû緹ذɣһԡ
СĿ˿ɫ
Ȼߵߣһ룬صߣӣͳԵɡ
ǵսʱõǳơ
෭
ӣûϵɲԼ忪ЦƹβߵһȰ˵
࿴˿
սæȥͷ
ˣ֮ǰ˵Ļϣúõһ룬ˣҳԺˣǾȥ뱨棬ȻˣҵĶʱ廪ȥʰ
ԱߵĴͷϣƺҲ
˵ˣܣӣǶˣûͷˣֺαصʱҪ֡
û֣ĵģЩ꣬ˡ
ɲ
ҲûȥֻǡӣϾҶӣˣѵһ䶼ôֻԼޱȵί
ⱲһĸӣӺĶӶûˡ
ʣµһ˼һԼҵҪæھǡ
ѹ񼫣Ҳʹ
Ϊһˣ޲ֱΪһף֪ԼĶӣ;͸ΰڣҪ޾ʹĥȥ޶ԡ
㵱ȻʣҹܲˣҲܣֻ顣
ģᵽûκβˣѾˣͲκεİˡ
ӣ
֣Ȧˡ
һ׽ס֣ʵһʮˣѵֲôһ仰ô
ǰ
һ£ʮˡ
Ҳð㻹ǰͷǸˣ˵ʵҺ޲õǰͷǸûľǵ˾ǣ϶ŮϾͶ㣬Ҳùô磬ⱲӶöԲ
ݺݵĳ֡
Կʲ˵ңǹֵңѩɽݵصңסţңҵӣһ룬ȻöԲǼҵйôûУֻĺöգѹͽٱ׸ĲТӣкֵܵϣ˸ΰ᲻ˣô룬ҵ䱦ϣڵ˰Դҵãӵ­ٶٲҵһΪ˻عɢڶ֪Լĺ䵽ĸҡ
Խ˵Խ᲻ͣ䡣
ţݺݵץսĸ첲ѹֵĿںˡȿȿȡ
Ȼô᲻ޣҾͳȫ㡣
ϣޣͬͬѨҪˡ
࣬ӡ
ԭأŵĿࡣ
ӡУҼǿģսӻҲͬġ
û뵽ľȻôĲ벻
Ǹˣ̣ΪΪһ˵Ρ
ȷʵϧҲȷʵŲжΣֻǡҲûҪԭղôֻǡҪ˽һյѡ
ɡ
຿޵ĺŹҰɣͲСˣǰһҵϡ
Ĳ񻰣ս忴Щãȴ߬ĸ첲ŵĴ˰
ͷվڵС˽
һѷסս屧ࣺ죬ȥҽ
һСת˳ȥ
ɫǺ죬۾涼ѪĿȴĶ࣬ﻰ˵ˣ˼ȴˡ
롪

152 뿪

ιȥ, Ҳȹˡ
еСз磬ˣƤ, , úĻָܻҲƽʱĺã廹Ӳ, ֢״ôᡣ
ΪĲ, ܵĶ¥ܿͽˡ
ԭಡſڵС¥ݿڣסĸڲ
ҪҲͷ
ôҲû뵽ϽҲ֪ʲôŭԹ飬ʮˣȻ
Ǿίֱӹˡ
վſڣߵಡ̫̫˯, ű, ԱߵɳϿ, ٿұߣڴϣһŮëͶëȻողŸ
ո·ϣѾ˽Ͻҵ
˵ʵ
Щڻ߳Ӣۣ߶ӣԭ޵ġ
еΪ, ֯ϸܵļ, еΪɢ, ûҵˣӶȢģȻҲеΪаؼġ
֮ϽǺձġ
ձǣ˼ҵĵּ䣬μôġ
ʮʱ⣬ͬҲٸ꣬ٱ̫ˣһֱڣķޣҲΪֵ
ڰʱѾȥˣÿ˵ˣѼŹĬĬԼ˿ڣμ໥ֹڰʱڣȴںʱҪֿ
εСϱ
ίСѯߵСܡ
СľԱμҵָƣί˽Ȼ֪޲ԣͷԣλ廪ͬ־ӣǾƬĳ
ίһ£漴һҼǵã廪ͬ־ڼƻǱߣ
ǵģǷ޶ǻָ߿ĵһѧҵ
˲ѽ
ί̾һȻָָս壺Һһġ
Сֱͦǡ
սӲȻͱסˣССĺһίսͷǵһߵĿղ˵ɡ
ͬ־Ҫν£֪İɡһţίֱ˵Ŀ˵
սͷǣǶ֪ˡ
ί΢üģһ뷨
Ȼ̵ľ
֡
ί̲סŭһǷޣĭʮķޣˣôأŮĲȰŵ㣬ź֡
սЩĿί˵飬ŮСȻҪŮĿѾԼȻԸ⿴ǹԼҪ
ί
֪ԣֲ֪ô
Ǻ˵˵
ӡ
սûίۻıʣμߵһԴƫģôߣӸȥɹգ˵Ӻͼĸ֮ϵһãμ˵ϵǶӵġ
ߵһϰƫ̻ʱԤġ
ίսֻͷһôȰֻ߷ļƣĲС
ҪıͿˣƫƫ˼ҲԼϵģǲĻûʲô취
㣬ȥ绰ɷ绰ҵҪô뷨
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սźںҶɽ졣
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ֻսȥɾ˾˳ʯֵļλ˼ûȥɾ˾Ǹ죬øߴӢ䣬ϵʺСܺƣûôţҲ֪λˡ
ģԲԲֿΣս嵽ѧУĵλ
սֵһʮƽĴӣΪʦԭټڵ̨ˣСĿʦѧУرչˣ˸ס
סһģѧУУͽ̵ǡ
ս嵽ʱվſը裬ⷿȻСΪкӵԵʣ̨ǷģһʲôõģھӼҶŵü
ս¥ͿԱΧСޣһһָͷǲͣĵſˮ
裡
ս廹û֨أȽл
϶ʱ¶ЦӴˣ죬ԲԲǳ濴أǿȥһ𿴰ɡ
衭ԲԲеСεĺһȻͱˡ
ս߹ȥӡ
Ҳ˵˲ҪŪʲôŵСԹ˵
ûʲôˣҼ˶㣬ˬڵĺܡ©︡ӣԱߵĴɲţһֻʮֿʼӣһæкȽݰɣɱվŪһζ
ʲôģս彫ʼߣӡ
òòãɱˣϽȥɣҲ֪ǶѵһûǣԼСӿɲǸģҲ޵˺˼ңȻĻɲͷìܡ
ս˵е㲻ڻ˵ġ
ˣҲ廪ˡ
ս峯Ź֣æһƨɰԱȥϽȥɣֵ߶ˡ
аɡ
ȻɻͲɰɡ
սŰ˼ţȻͿΧһʮĴĺڰ׵ӣڿĶƬǵʱõ˶ͯĿĲʱ䡣
ǰʦ̸սǹʱ䡣
ഺŮŷɫŸȹڴܡ
ǵƯ
ܵѧУſڣͻȻͷʴЦش𣺡ΪǺѽ
ս壺
ÿһοĹ棬һĪ߳ܵĸо
֪Ʒôµʱٿ۾˫̥;ˬˬġ
Ҳ֪֪֪ͺ࣬ǵְ
׼ʱöͯĿ׼¸ڵĽĿڹűӰļ¼ڼˣʱ䶼ˡ
ʲôսɻʡ
иӰСͣת֮աģƺǻ˵Ĺ£ʦһҪűʣѼʱһһ¼ֻʲôʱпգˡ
ʦǿдۺСдһߵ̾ϢúõĵӰҪ͹ۺгϹϵܡ
곽ûϳأôʹ̲࣬סĸҲҪˡ
һԴϣϢ
곽ߵĶԲԲǼüŪۣûѧϰūͥı
ȡԲԲɿһ
ֻĺܺ档
û¶磬ǳɼءûûε
Ǹ˸ʣҲһݽĿ
Ҫʲôžٶȼĳдš
˵ǸӰҲ㿴
Ŵ廪ȰžҪһУ˵⻰ʱüͷ΢ࡣ
˲Сϸܵѧ֮ʶĵ
˰ˣһ·ˡ
ʼŵʱνˡ
Էһ󺰣ֵʼˡ
ʱ̸۵սֶ죬һߺſˮһзôˣּҵʱǿ˵ĺúõģլӹǴ󷽣ԺĸҲǵ£ںˣʲôȥˣˣǮӵѪǮǮʱô˵أ
սüͷһʲô
զҾˣҸսɱˣأҪպȢϱ˿𣬾͸ӲҲʹ졣
սҭһڡ
һԱ߳Թϵս壺úȰȰɩӣ⡭
ȰɩɶҶ֪ǰġսץ˰ѹӡ
硭¶ɣ˵졣ս뵽ս¶־Լ⻰˵ã¶ͷҲܡ
˸ۣʲô˵ġ
һƿս񣺡˵Ҹ˵ǸͲǸöǰЩʱ򣬲ΪɣͰסȥˣüһ߰˸үǶ°ȥȡҷű˸˿ˣСǴأ˵ܲô
ǵ
սྐྵӶ
ҿ϶ְȥˣôţ˵Ȼס߶ˣҹĶڼأȥһֺö·ûˣҵ¾ֿˡ
ֱӰǶϳȥˡ
Խ˵ԽߣָսıҸսûûң㿴Ű졣
ս̾˿¶Ҳ˵ʵһѡ
ͳһ̣ţȴͳ񣬾ͿսüĬĬİ̷˻ȥ
ǰྫСӣڣűҶϡ
˭ҪȢͲͬ⣬Ů˿žǸҾڹÿӶǻá
սҲ֪Լϱ˵ǶԵģǣѾˣܲĿԼ׵ܹܵ־޶ӣ˵ء
ӳˡ
Ҫִּզ˶ۡ
սԹϳԵļѣ˳ְӷļӣ˵Żأš
սֹսˣȥš
һ򿪣Ϳһսƿսңһס㿴ʲôأ
ûе
ôܵ˵ˣˣҲҪŵġһʱ¶ı顣
սʵôˣ
սһ£ƳһǶྐྵӶս壬˿Żش𣺡ոաոҳܣûסһƣƻƻˣһСʱˣڶûΪġ
ϾټľǣΨһȥĵطҲˡ
᲻ȥˣսһҲżæʵ
ܣǰ·˸ճȥҴġս˵⻰ʱҲЩ˼ѼݶˣΨһ˵ϻģֻսˡ
Ȼûս
û취սֻóŰҡ
սȻ֣ܰˣҲûȥˡ
˼ԷȴһӵɧǱǸ
ʲôǹɩʲô˵ʲôȴǻȥ鷳ˡ
˵ţսȥﺰ׼ؼҡ
Ǹȥǳֵ˯ȻֵͲһ¥յ¥£ͿССŹˡ
ôˣսʡ
ˣӵġ
أսӳСܺͷۡ
ˣ˵ءСǣס֡
С
սֻͷս񣺡ǴɩҾˣҲż
ȰĻ
źСܵĳŴǻӻ֣Ȼֱˣͷβս嶼ûս˵һ仰ȳ뿪սͷɸֵĿսһۣǰ첻ͦ˵ôôɱ«ˣ
ս̾˿˰ȥɣزġ
ɣǶˣزģҲ˼˵óڡ
̲ס²ۡ
˵˵鳳ҵĻǵҡ
ռֵڴһҹصңȴڴ˯أһ󼦷ɹƻŻˣ籧ţڽﶼ˿־壬һ˿ɼľ̲

156 

սźǻ˼ҡ
廪鷿Ǳߺ˵, սҲǴźӴţֱӻԼķ䡣
ȥˮ, ſ鰡սְŰ, ̽˵
֪, ˵¯, ̫졣
Ҫ
ս廹û˵, ¿ˣôʲô¯ӣ
һʱɴ˫۲ŵĿžָָŴ⣺˵˻ô涼˪ˣ
һ˪ʹŽ, ҹ¶Ⱥܵˡ
ԲԲأ䲻䣿Ļ¯ӡ
˫̥ͳһսɴȥԲԲ
ԲԲٿ, ҾûãǰŮ, ϶䣬Ҫհɡ
һ۾ˣܹԲԲһ߱QһߵƳһ۾ԲԲˣĳЩ֪ǫŮӣһ㶼ʿļһö, ~
˸ۣŮô, Ϊǹ԰Ĵүء
һ, ͷˡ
κ⣡˵ʲôĶˡ
սͷ, ˳սȦ, ѻյԼϡ
ս嵽ʱСˮӸˮƿ࿪ˮսˣֱӣɩӣ¯ҸˣˮˣٽһˮϣȻȡ
ô˻鷳ǲ˼ˣүүô
ս˳ԱߵĲֿľͷ
СܸŰ᣺Ͻã⼸Է㣬صġ
ս˺Ҳ̲ס̾
ү鲻뵽ģҲö˵ʲô˵£һˣҲ㲻ס
úȰŵ㣬ԺÿĩҶӻȥ
СЦŵͷ֪ˣɩӡ
Ϊǽͷһ¯ӣ·¯ӣ˵հװʱһΣɵ׻ЩСµļһ¹ܵȷȫպ󣬲Űŵȼ¯ӡ
廪ˣȻطתһȦû˺ӵԺˡ
ȻͿСߣſڴϣսվ棬ǵĿæµСܡ
¯ӣ廪ߵսվͷСܣҪģȥ顣
ˣոɩӿе㲻Ծơ
С˵ţʹӴиѣոŲû֣Ѿȡˡ
ǾͺãΪһʱ¶
С֣ߵˮرϴ֣ץԱߵɩӣҾȻغҶɽˡ
ǲ˼ˣ鷳Сܡ
û¶
ˣõ˸㡣սּææܵ俴˿óõŹǣæĸһѣװɲòװˣ͸Сܣүүȡ
Сӣ֣ɩӣҪؼһ˵ġץץԼţ˵˸һȥơ
ӦõӦõģʲôʱȥҡ
С˿תų뿪ˡ
Ŀͳӹ˸䣬ʧȥӰս廪ת˼ңѴŸϣ廪սԵô
ôڵĻš
սǣ治֪ʲôõģսͷˣֵԲ
廪̲סЦʲôˣ
սɩǴǻûͿʼ֣˫̥ôˡ
֪˭ϡ¡
ս巭˸ۣߡһƨһŤ廪ǵԺȥˣƿţѾ˵ůˣףдҵһģĶûע⵽ĵ
ŵߵ󣬷д廪⡣
սûǣߵڵӣĴ뿪ˣŵ뿪ˡ
ȻԼķ䣬廪ϴˮˣæкţҸݽš
ãԼͺˣݡ
սѵϵס
Ժ¯Ҳˣȵġ
ëҲˣ˱׾УһȥϴˣȻˣźͷϴһ¾С廪վսǿƵĽ£ѵЬӺӣĽˮˡ
սֳڴأͷ廪ΪѾӣֻһƬ
һ棬ʵӿʵڿɰ
̲ס͵̧ţ廪̽˳ȥΪᱻסȴ廪ûӦѾֱӲȥˡ
廪סˣսסˡ
㡭廪ع׽סԼŵĽף׼˵͸о
ʶĽ˽ָ
ս塮˻һеۡ
ҲǹģϽԾȡ
廪ƳһۣӲ˲תԱùŽקĽѾӲţ㿴㣬Ūõˮ
㲻ս˳ӵţʡ
ʲôϴĸɸɾģƽʱѩĨţ˼Ҵûô󡣡廪ëԱߵϣùѩͿϡ
սʱεһ
ϱӴıϰߣûҪ˵ѩˣʲôĤҺɶģߵ͸ϣǵĨɡ
Ьȥϴ
廪ȥˮս嶥һϴ̴ݣȥǶÿһȴ
ϴ˯Ƕء
սʵˣϴϴգգ۾˯ˣ廪ʲôʱ֪
ڶ죬սʱЩ£廪Ѿ룬緹ˣҲ˵ټ廪ŰСˮֿ̧㻹аСʱʱ䣬ٲҪٵˡ
ս˹
·ͷϴˢ
ŷоͷɱȥϹȵ˳ÿᡣ
ķչһ˳ĿȻûпµģɵĿСĿҲһֱͣĿţĸ칫ȫ
ͷһʦãڵԺѧӣҲ˼֣ѡ˾Ժܿ컭ʦĿλõ
ͷǳʢڴͬʱǱҲϢ
ʦˮѾɹӣ־άˣǷӳʵ߸дţи߼Ƭġ
Ϣһģݸѡ
ս彫λʦ칫ѵݸǣǴŷһȻа˰ٶǮɵֵǴĹˡ
ͼֻҪһƪ־ˡ
⻰Ȼ򵥣ȴ
ʦż˰칫ңÿһӶֻԼ֪СȻҲûԶʳܿĵͱлʦ֪ˡ
ֻҪѡ˾Ǽǧ룬ǡ
ʦǼһ綼Ĺû취սֻ֯ᣬıʾֻбְˣܵõᣬҪְã˵ˣɶûУ
⻰еˣȴҲЩ˼Ļʦǰ
ս廹ıʾƣֻҪǸɵúãڴܣڼƴӹ˵˼˵ĳѾ˳˹ˣأҲǿңǻҪ˵һ䣬ѣԼҹѣۼˣ룬ͣ㴩ÿ㵽˼Ҹ˼ͣ˼ҿ㲻
𣡡һȺ˳ɤӺ
ѽͺһĵǾͺñŴݣ˼Żָ˼Ҹɫսɢϴ԰ǳ룡˼ҲȥǺˣ˵Ǻ˼ҳҲһ˼ҽͷ۾ģһôʱ壬ǰЩϲƣҪ˼Ǯ˼һɶѽ
һȺе±ƣ
ǩ
սΣǳȥ˼Ұһǩ˼ҵūš
⻰һ˶ŵĶˡ
⡭ˣô⻹еϲأ
Ŷ˹ⲻϲƣʱҡ
սɲԼǲǿţըתޡ
һѵĸϢָȻҲһЩ֢ǼӰ˸ˣھ°ˣʦǲؼңܲˣųѰ򣬽ɷһͨϴԣԣȻ޳æʱĲƷݡķǡ
ս嶼ЩԼǰǲ̫ʴˣȻûбƳǵͶ
ƽּӹڣ
ÿĩս嶼źȥҶɽеԣսÿ绰һҪС͵͵绰˵Ͻһ͵͵Ĩᣬ¶ĽˣϽ÷˻ɡ
˵Ŀսȴȥࡣ
ĻƬϣЦԶˣ϶⣬óӹú̹
廪żҲȥÿȥˣͻһ޹˵ĵĻÿζɫѿսˣɴҽ˵廪æ
ˣս塮ʡÿ칫ﶼװ¯ӣסĵСűӵ칫̣ûӣսָֻԱװ¯ӡ
ӣĴ͸Ľˡ
µףս忪ʼеţƬûеýͿ¸ˡ
ɾʱǿˡ
߬ȭͷϴŵްͨڰ칫սˣæվС̡
ǿӣôˣ
սˮƿ˱ˮȵˮůůӡ
±ӣսüͷް°ڣ⴩ʲôް޻ˣůô
ǿ⻰Ȧɵúˡ
Ѿܾû˹ůůˡ
С̡ҡȥϷ׬Ǯ
սһ㶣æԱ£ô£С˵˵
Ұ֡ҰֺǸѸһֱϵΪ˲飬ˣ̺Ұֶ۴磬ΪҰָˣһҴϣ׬Ǯҡ
ǿֻʮĺӣ˵˵žͿˡ
ǵôսһʱŭˣһǿߣС̴ȥްȥ⵱ĲԼô£սôʱôˣǻҪôھôϢУΪ˸׶Ӷˡ
˵꣬սǿȥ̳ﵽ·˫Ь
սǿֱȥҡ
ΪĩԵʣıսڼң̫̫ι񿵳Լϸģ·һӡ
սſⳡ棬̲סЦһ
Ӵһӿأ
ģ˵ע⣬񿵶˹
գճôˣıվЩֺõЦ
ɱյĿҵİʡսһ仰ıĻ˻ȥ
ŴСŴ·ǿݣһްսһӣ㻹ǵģô˼ӴްһůûУܳȥôˣһĻڼﵱҲ³¡
սް׼ȴָһ϶ʱϾ㵣·û뵽ްȻ
ǿԴս
սڻҵĶսڣ˶˵˺˺֣ս⻹ûλأǿӦӦδֵˣ
˵ţսֿı򣺡˵ѧУ͸СѸˣֻһΣϽҶˣúĺɷøףҪ´ԷһӲھǴˣ㿴ܲס㣬Һսô֣֮£ռҵĹŮ͵Ǽұ̣ģҪǲˣ˵սȻʹˣɫУúʰʰҲǼ޲ȥսĻ˵ʶ˲٣߰ͷģҲûС
ıս忪ɫͱࡣ
սɫתͷսҼ˵ʱͦôھɵˣ
սԭսıʱЩȻ˫Ŀã֪Щʲô
úչ˺áԼġӣ˵ĶӲҪģⷨҲû涨ֵһҪš
սսļ
תͷǿסĸݣҸ·Žȥ
ǿʱһƬ죬ָָ᷿
սŶ˶᷿ȴ룬ȥͿŴǿæͣҰҹչ˴磬ԡ
̸ǾӳȥҪˣҪǺúѧϰУϢÿϸУϲ˴ѧԺԱҲᱻ˳ЦԺЩӰӴѧıҵҲԱڶ벻ȥ
սָǿ񿵵̸ǾӳȥǿûӣǷԺʯϡ
˯öǼӴսֱ̧ŴͰѴˡ
߳սӰ﷭һԺżǵš
վԺսɨıӣս˵ͦӲô˰˼һΪռûˣУҪСѸǣģʦҲˣʲô飬ʲôˡ
ǾҲв
˵ǿļתƤЬˡ
һһȥҲʮӵʱ䣬ģӶûӦҲѹҶ
ˣһûֱ۾һʹȥˡ
սĵ׸ӼˣȴҲɸС
ûҿ߹ֻҪ̣սҲֻı˵ϴԣ鸴ӵԺ
ͷһظܵҵ֧֡
ЦǣΪͷģȻģս塣
ıĴ󺰣ͷҲصĳ˳ȥ׷ϿҪϹս壬дżл˵
սͷĮȻĿѯʡ
ңοǰǸͬһ˼ȥˣŴߵ˼ҡ
˵ţæҡ֣Ҳȷǿ񡣡
սһ£ս˵Щʲô
ǵͷ֪ˡ
սս壬һΣһ䣺лл㡣Ȼתͷˡ
սվԭسһ£óˣæ˳

157 ͵X

ͬŴΪġ
ֶϱͬ, ͬȥ˼ңϾɵķڵɫţѾ߲, ͭ, Űȴʵʵͭģɼǰ⻧˼ҲԺ˼ҡ
ʮƽٵʱ, Ӿͳ˹
ͷָĻ˼ס
ٺӪ, Զ볧, Щ˼ҵ˿˹󣬵λ˷Ͱᵽȥס, ߵķܲܿţһЩĽӵĹס
ĸ￪ţ׶ȻǷչ֮أũ񹤽Ǵ, ĴԺǺܽεġ
ЩӾ
ǻŵ, Ϊ˽ƻſƳƶϱ, ſƳ˰칫, ΪſƳĵ̨, ³Ϊ˻, һʼ, ɨг, ʱ䳤ˣ˲нϡ
ĹÿСʱɨһˡ
ⲽнÿͬ
סͬ, ֮ǰϳȥ, , ЩȻö˵ģ޲˻Ʊϼңǵʱ򣬾Ϳºڵġ
ǿ֪ģСӼ޵Ȩ˼ң˵үӻǸϽأöߵ鹰
ƽĵڴﶼ°·ġ
ΪͶ˾ǲŷӲûĺãСȷʵ޵ĺãɼ޳ŵŮóŵˮҲϰиĴɩ
ɨ֣ѵװϵĴȻŵ̶ǽǣߵĹޣסˮϴֺóͷ
ȻŲȥ˶ͬ
ſڣһ£̧ţܿš֨¡һˡ
С硣ȸԾĺһ

˹ŰһްЦˣֽȻš
С磬⣬Ȼ㳴ཷ˿Ĳӣ˽һЦЩ˵ˣҲûٷ˪泯Ů˱ȻЩ˵ˡ
һסݺݵһڣҲཷ˿Ҫ㡣
׵һˡ
·˹ӣأ
ϹȥˣѲһϣϲŻ
ȲıߣȻѹ˴ϡ
ס˵ĲӣĿĿˣϱӵɷҲǴ֧Ķӣϱһӣ˺üӣȴڴһӣһũ
ⱲӾȻΪԶޣҲ˾ǣ˳ļ˽ӡ
С磬
ڵˣ˾׳ļֻûҪˡ
Ҫ˵ϱʲô⣬˵ˡ
˵ȲϸӵֵصһõĺܣʮźսǾǸÿû¾ûˡ
һڣǸСʱĿһ
ſ˵ĻָؿڻȦ˵㳴ཷ˿أȶˡ
û¶ȻԼˣʱСĵߵء
ôҾôô
̧ͷֵ
˱סǣⲻΪھʶ˭ⲻ
ᵽɷͷ̹ˡ
µʱΪղģʱлԼҲû˵׵ȵˣȴˣ޸һ粻ֲ֪ܿܵࡣ
֪ĺã˵ˡ
ԸἰĻ⡣
һиɷӣһҲӣˣ˿һŴϣһĽŮ˵磬һܶʱ塣
ʵûἰıҪ
Сʱܿȥûܳཷ˿ͼææȥϰˡ
°ؼҵսһοĴðüͷѰ˼Žȥɸտһ̫Ųֵġ
սʱ۾һɣսһŤͷˡ
һߣսͽԺˣ֮ܵȥսΪսǿֶӣĲ֪£ܲܿ˺ӡ
µףͽʮ¡
ԽԽ䣬ԽԽ
սÿ춼ڵȴŹӰڵϢεҲԽԽࡣ
廪ۣӹӸϰε񣬲ս巳һһֱʮʮ˺ңڴϢСʦ塷ίر𽱣Ա为ҪȥӰ콱
ս̸Ƕ·Ůŵۣеɽװ
ԭĵѹʱʧ϶ŻֵЦݣθǺŸ˼ҡ
Сʦ塷ϢѾȷˣɡˮ졷ǱûϢȻˣսĵһҰָһʴ󽱣ǡˮ졷μӵӣĵӰڣΣõõ󽱲С
ԽҪϢľԽ١
һֱʮµףսѾˣͻȻ洫Ϣˮ졷ѾȷӣӰ׽Ȼ鲢ӣⲿֵȾԼƬ鱾ŵ񻰵ԭ򣬳չⲿӰԡ
ΪӣӰھͲΪӰ׼ģⲿƬܻ񽱣ͦϵġ
˾ǻˣսҲⲿƬӻ񽱺ЧӦֻԱȥ·
һֱææµµһ·ݡ
Ǻٶˣս嶼ûӦ廪˵ͺǵ£һӣ¡
ף廪ս嶼æڵʡѧУҲ˼٣ɺǰˣԲԲС¥׼Źʱ򣬺úʰһ£ǰˡ
Ҳˣ˿ͺȥͽɺˡ
ææ˻ƱɺӴϻ𳵣ȻŤͷ˻찵صĹУ˭ûҪһˡ
ĴһµףӰڵľٰʱ䣬ڶʮңս廹ڼꡣ
һ¶ʮŵʱܻˡ
Ȼ񣬿ˣ
ô
ɺأ
ôû
ܻסլ䣬ȥ˿ɺǰ²ҪС¥ֻסҰˣģɨûɨ
ܣ
úõŻɨģ˶ˣ
廪ѵе飬̸Ǳߴ˸绰ӵ绰ĽɺЦã˽ϵĻƱˣܿ͵ˡ
ӣеΡ
Ϊ˻ΣֱȥС¥ǱȥˣǶ廪ûᣬҲûʣһĬĵȴɺʱһȥ
μҽ굹ǰռǱȴˡ
ԭǡˣ
ڼƻץϣȻǺ£ֻҪȥˣλҲǻСٵġ
ǣ
ƻʱڵսԺ󻹻ỳϣ͵͵ȥ˽
ʣ
һ˵ˣӵΪʲôỳأ

158 

Ӱڵʱⶨڶʮա
ӣӰڵʱⶨڶʮա
ǡڹʮ, ⵱Ȼ췽Ϊչ˻Ĵڣ߻е㴺ڵĹϵϾǱǹڵ, ӣʹΪҵЩʱˡ
Ͼ˼ǹʥڵġ
ÿʥ˼ҶȫԲһȥζȼ, һȼپСµʱ䡣
ȽһѮ˼ҵʱ, , ⲻ겻ڵģ˼ҵ콱ԾҲûʲôõã·ݣôи˽, ʱٰӰڵͬʱ, ܴ̼̼á
ս岻֪ҵĵݱǽӵϢķӦܸˡ
ͦãˡ
뿪, סլ, ټĺԺֻʣǷ, ƽﱻռݵĶʱ, һ̵õֲ
˴ӷżٺһֱڼ, û¶ڴ̸̸, żˣһ뽻
廪, ˵սԵġ
һ, һ, , ս崷ôȥ, ˵ɷˡ
ôõӵȥңǣи
ս塮һľ崲Ӳ˯˹ͷۣҪϯ˼ǿһ
ϯ˼廪վֱӣˮȥˮʲô
սãȻĿ廪һۣѰ˼ƯǱ߲ôѵû²۹
͡ӵһ֡

ȻʲôʱˣӴϵȥ
սˢˮر㿪ʼˢһ߻ʰûǵȻغҶɽʱϡ
ʰˡ廪վˮԱࡣ
Ѽ죬ţ
üһǰܳԵⶼһ鰡廪Ŀ࣬ɱǰ̻ڼҵʱˡ
̲ڼңǵñ֮ǰҪĵǣſˣ֪Ҫ˵ʲôء
ս巭˸ۡ
ǺҶɽҲЩ˵лġ
֮ǰַˣȥǺսûȻ˼˵ЩϱһģүӿүӽС̫̫ء
ҲûףûбС̫̫һȥ
廪Ҳֻôһ˵»Ǻġ
·ϣֵʳƷ˵ǹӣŴһ˼ҵĺʱõġ
˷Ŷֱӻ˺Ҷɽ
ǵʱ򣬽ɺѾڳæˣǿŸͷԺϴżϸë£ÿһλӶͷë¶ܹճļ
廪߹ȥվԱ߿սƳһۡ
ò˵⵱ĺ칫ҵľǲһ廪ȻҲǺһȣԵࡣ
ս¨ӣ¨ϴľѾȫݷˣĸժС
һժľһüײײɺɩӣô
䣬ϰˡ
ɺˮ۲ˣŽˮ￪ʼϴƽʱٵʱı⻹أ˵ˣô
ӿãǼ廪ͲУÿ궬춼ر׸ð׿ԡ
ǿɵöදΪ̫ˣ
֪ʲôʱ߹ű±һҡͷһ˵ҲǵºӴǱߣûûģµĲ
˵Ҳϱػֶű±תˡ
ս뽭ɺ˶һۡ
ү⼸ôûģɺսС˵
ս嵹üմ˰ɡ
ǲܣҰ˵齫ӮʮǮءɺûôضġ
ս忴үӵıӰ۵ȾһĨ˼
үӡ
װɡ
Ƚɺ̨ս彫廪Աȥ֪ˣ廪ĬƬ̣˵ġȥȥˡ
緹ս廪׼ܺͽɺ׼ٻȥ
ȥٻ̳ҪĶɶģլĺԺҪС¥ǱߣǼ׷ӶҪϡ
Ϊʮ϶ҪںҶɽһģһ綼·ϱͣ
ȵϣ̱˵ķͷͷĿӡ
廪սԡ
һѻ˶ǣսҲڿˣ廪ȥˮƿȴ룬ߵſڣſڴ廪ˮƿ߹ȥ˭
ҡܵ
磿廪Ĵţôˣôˣ
ҵȥˣСյĴ硣ֵƳһ廪
ӣ˼ҾȻûռ˵սܵլǱȥˡ
սðͷ廪أ
أɡ
廪ÿӣǽ
սպҲЬˣսҲܾȣ磬ôˣ
ȥɣ첻ˡ
սһս壬ʱˣ֣һץסս
ô£
սһҲˣϴȥǾͦô
֮ȥɡս˵ʲô£ֻһսȥ𻨡
սҲ֪鲻ãææľͻݴЬȥˡ
廪
Ҳ֪ͷͻլǱ߽ӺҶɽĳ˹
սǵĳгûҪҽԺǱȥˡ
ǵҽԺʱѾƽȥϴθȥˣսһʣ֪𻨲ǵ˲Ǻҩ
սͷ˫ĿɺĶڽﲻͣ߶ţҶңҪǲȢɥǾͺˡ
ô£ս
Ҳ۾ģҭһ°ָָսϱͷˣ֣츾ȥ̥ǲ֪¶
ͷˣɡ
ս岻ţҪ֪һӿɶսרһİ
ô֪ǺӲսģ
⻳Ѿͷʱ򣬹ٻӰ칤ţ͵͵ȥ˽ӣҲ˷־̣ҲΪǷ޲ע⻳ˣ׼ùӴˣһʱͷƵ׷һȭȭֱкʱͼ˺졣
뵽Ǹ;ľ
ʱ򱻺ȥģʱֻͷޣѪ޿㶼Ⱦ͸ˡ
սæȥսţٴҪˡ
ȻǷް͵ҽԺʱͽңʱ˭ûע⵽𻨣ʲô˰һ־һ̾Ͳµô£ʱֻ
ũĶϱԼҶӴñӣ˺ӡ
ҪǿһӣСϣɾˣǶﲻͣţǼ⣬һ뵽ռ޵ռʱ˴Ůʱʧһ뵽ϲǰһһ뵽ս˸ũϱЦһ뵽֣Ҳ֪׵˭
һʱ벻ֱ˼ˡ
ؼҵʱﶼ°ĭˣʱŵÿ޺ھӰæ͵ҽԺ
ô
˵죺ӿ϶ûˣҽ˵ԺкӵĿԲ󡣡
̧ۿսѰ˼ţҪˡ

159 

𻨺ȵҩ
Щĺ, ҩſ˵ÿ궼ڲڼһ˼, ⱾҩҩĴ
˿ſڴߣͣŻţ﷭, ƻհʹ
涣ֻúڲѡ
ȻҲ֪Լʲô
֪Ǻںҩ, Ǻڵս磬ǺڵӵķϣũϱǺڵսĻս, Ǹ
֮, źڵ
ϴθζ, վͷϴθ, Ҳܡ
սֻ޲ܺݺݵһ٣˵ûܺЩ, Դ𻨽˼ҿʼսûһ, ˵սˡ
֪ͨսûսҿȻûпˡ
֮ǰѾˣгɡ
ս񿴿, ˽ϵްҵͷȥ, ʱҲŵط
, ȥɡսĨһվӹ˵
¶ҶԲ裬ͷô䣬ȥɡ
սһͷаȥɡ
ս̧¥ȥ廪ǽһֻսĲϣȵָŲӣһܵ˸̣Ҳû˵ôƻƵĳȥˡ
Ż
ɲͣĴ𻨵Żżҽ
Ϊٿ죬̫˵ʲôǽŵķΧȴһ
ֹʮӣսſ޵һѵսˡ
սӣıأ
ںͷء
սţżҵĲ￴Ϲֻһ϶ܿһսȴǡ
ҳȥ廪ӣսС˵
š
廪һֱŵ׸սϣȻ¥
¥£Ϳӳ̵ܣв˵ı
ܵüͷ΢΢ţȻЩͷΪ廪һֱţ廪߹ȥܵļ򣺡硣
ţ
תͷͿԼҵĵܵܡ
ıҲȻֹ廪¶һĵЦ廪
򡣡
廪һǲΪڸģıѺõĵ˵ͷתͷܣȻȥɣôɩڼż
ã
ܽԿ׵ݸ廪
ãǽ϶ҪҹģѳȥҺȥ
УҾȻȥˣȰȰãҲ̫żˣʲôҪĿҡ
˵꣬ܶı˵ͷȻ󲽵ȥ
ıոպܽ˰ԼǰûܴܺϻЩεģԸ廪¥һ仰û˵
һֱȵҹһΣգӼ֢ﱻƵͨ
ʹˣĵͼܻһֱţ̫̫ƽﾫʮ㣬˵ͷˣҲˣ˿㲲·һʮƵġ
̫ˣѾ˯ˣֻԱߵһΡһ
ȹˣֵܽüп˵
սͨһڵϣʣ㣬磬Ҫ顣
顯һ˶û˵
սʹͷָףսǲͣᣬս忪˿ڣ㵱ˣ
ˡ
ˮָ͸
Ҵñӣҩζȥˣһ顣
Լ˾ͺȥ˵Ƿ޵£Щ˻ǲĺáսû˵һӣȻѾ˼£ӣˣڵ˻飬һŮģˣԺô죬ô
ˡ
սᶨĵͷⱲӲȢˣҲҪ顣
ñӴԼͷϡ
Щ꣬ʵ̫ˣڼﱻֵܽÿ𣬵˳ҪͷЦﻰⶼ˵ûãֻȢϱ
ǱȶˣԺ˵ɡ
սսĻ״ȤѾˣ㽫¸ˣ𻨺մ󺣵⣺⸱ӣ϶ź˶ˣô뷨
⻰һ
սסˣսӶˡ
֮ǰһֱֻע𻨵ȫմ󺣸ˣս͵վҵûȥһˡ
˵ţʰ
ҲµֶߣһߣҽԺǰֻû
֪ˡ
մԴзе㲻У·Ҫ˷ŲУǰ͵ҽԺʱһûע⵽մҪǵʱ߶ߵô䣬ǲ
ϴææľͻ˼ҡ
սԴսǱߣû˿ţ
ûС
ᵽսƤӶˣȻѹŭء
һڲţ
սƲû˵
ս嶼ЦˣսǺģҪ㻤ʱͰһǶҪǳ£ıɱ
ȸӴñӣǻáսߵĺ
Ժ£Ҫ黹զǣǱսҽԺģҪǲ°뱲͸ʵʵȥźȥ
⻰һڲˡ
ս忴վԱߵıЩɸֵĶԽ˵˵˵ƽʱͦܵôͥⶼá
ŴñԴǰŶ۾ۡ
˦˦֣ˣϽչȥɡ
սջĲ鲻Ըȥˡ
սûȥ˵ˮ𻨲廪ȥתһȦȻ˸ˮˮƿëţսĻ
ҪȻȥս廪ҧ䣺ôҹء
û¶㡣
廪ҡҡͷսԱ߶¡
ıһľͷϣԼڸ𻨲սСһһʱûʲôȤζոսǾ仰ԵĴžͰԼȥˡ
Ҫٴȥе̫֪ˡ
ǰЩӣսܵȥһͨڣǿһסһݣְ̫̫սҲһ˳˵ģڼʵ꣬еٻļơ
ǲ˼ߣɴ˫ֻأԱǽһ۾˯ˡ
ҹѹһأһԵɵɵ˯ȥˡ
һҹһ˯öڶһ磬ˣɫҲһҹû˯ӣսźǷմ󺣵üͷǵҵʱŲˣҹˣҽվĹȥ룬չء
Ƕ֮
ź裬ϽȥɣʮˣҲæսĺ󱳡
սͷУҺ廪Ȼȥˣ㿴ŵսҸͷԡ
ͷ
ս廪ȻĺԺȻʰҶɽȥˡ
˵ûʮˣһȷʵæ
һߣ֪Լĺûˣûüģͱսһλˡ
㲻Ь֣裬Ҫ顣

160 

Ҳ飡
һ, ʱͱˡ
ͣʳսӣޣҲ飬Ҵ, ֪, ԺҲ, Ҳ飬Ҳ鰡
ҡսһ֡
Ͱӹͷ, һ, ǱĴӲصڵϡ
໡
ϷһĲҽ
ֻԼ۵úʧȥ֪һ㣬̫, Сͣ׹ʶסԼĶӣۡҵĶӺۡ
֪Լ, ֻÿͼսϧ
Ȼսûκεϧ
ĿڵŶӰ, һֱʿ, ְŽ˲, ·ʱԼΪʲôҽԺ, ȻͲҰһŶӣͣڿޡ
սȼһ̣ڻʿ뿪󣬾Ϳ˵¶ǰҪľֱе, Һôһ, Ҳץ, Ǻþۺɢɡ
֪ˡ
⻰, ˣҡ
Լ⣬ʵǱⲻκλ
ϱСģһԹ۸ԣҲЦǺǵΪⱲӵսҲϾЩսҲƴӡ
˭뵽սȻҪ顣
֪سǣӵô࣬ǴвٰɣҲû㣬˼ңȴһֱڼ꣬СøżˣҪŮЩ꣬˵ûУҶһ˱磬ҵףҰӴǣôҵģ
޵Ѿ˵ˡ
޲սٴһ٣ܽ˵Ļս
ɿսô侲ģĻţͺѾ¶˾ģҪˡ
սݺݵĳ˿̣ԼúɣôһҶº֡
ô
̧ۿսĶǷߺޣս֪ΪʲôҪͷô
սߵĽŲס
ΪǸûõġ
ս͵ӵ̣תһסĲӣݺݵİѹͷҧгݵ
ȿȡ
סս۵ӿһƬ־塣
ӣڸɶأսһѽˣȥץסսӲǽָĳʹ
ҿŲͣ䣬¼ˡ
սĴŴ
ݺݵĶ۾롣
˵꣬ҲûսŤͷʹ粽뿪ˡ
սߺߵߣͷ·һŻЬ£ѹֵܣոǾ仰ǻϽֻͣ޲֪ļ˭Ū
磬磬ְ費Ҫɡ
ߵſڣսСŮƻſǻʵ
ô᣿ġ˵⻰ԼûĲš
һģ˺öѪءүү˵軳ˣһСı
ʲôС壿ɻʵ
ô棬Ѿʶ˼ͥ˴ˡ
ͣȥǸСңȻڳԶȻС죬˷䣬óʱ䶼û
ŴһʱƻûŴϵ˵ԺŴ£ⷽ棬ǱȽģԶΪһֱ·ˣΪ˵˳
¶ô˵
ĵһæסƻࣺͣ⻰Ժɲ˵ˡ
ƻæͷ
һɫѿ
һ𣬶Ϸ䣬ȥˣŻ˵Ҫʽȥ˴򿪷ţͿվսһǡ
˲Ŵˡ
ƻɫ˲ͲҰˡ
սһƻת粽Ľ˼ţֵܸź׷ҲֻսгıӰ
սƻһ·ͬ
Сڴ˯ſڴ顯˸Ƿ´ЬѰ˼ӦˣԴϴҲ˺üˣҲﲻסˡ
뵽С̲סŲҲ˼֡
ȴ룬һӭӵĲС÷Ͷͱһɰȭͷ
顪һСǿѪת
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ÿĴʮæµһ졣
ԵıҪЩ˵࣬Աת׷ģ꺢ӲڣȻҲȥǣɶ˽ɺˣͲҪսȥæˡ
սһҹû˯ʱ򣬽ɺѾϿ˵̺
ϴһ¾˯ˣһֱ˯Էϵʱսı黹е¡
û°ɡһ߳Բһʵ
ֻ֪סԺˣȴ֪ΪʲôסԺ
û£ѾΣˣٹ۲һʱܳԺˣǽҪҽԺˡ
ҡҡͷֻҪû¾ˣÿ궼еĹҪ
үү˵
ڵԽԽû˼ˣоġ˵ţ˿ӡ
ûֶ꣬ȥˣͷܡ
û뵽ô
뿴ЩƬƬϵϹſЦݣ궼ûˣҹ˾ʱҲ룬ǲԼ̫ˣȥǣҲԸߡ
뵽ʱûʳҲˣӲ
үүٳԵɡܿȰ
ˡġߡһͻ鷿
սͽɺһۣȻԵͷԷ
Թ緹ս׼ȥһҽԺûأͽӵ˳ʯֵĵ绰˵սΪܽ˾ӡ
ս壺
ͺ
廪ųս嵽֣һȥͿս˵ڽһդģǸ޻ŵĺƤˡ
˵ʵ⿴˾Ասĸߴ󣬿ɿƺսԵĿȽС
㣬򡣡
ʯֹ廪̣廪̧̧֣ܾˡ
ʯֽջȥ˵ǽĸ磬Ÿĵ绰
ţô°
ܣŸӣŻˣڸڰ칫ұСءʯεЦ˵˺ŸЬҰ
սеͷۡ
缸ЬåǲξľֱеģԴϴȥˣåûôˣиꡣ
ôģֱ߳򣬻ǰǴȥ
ʯֿŵˣҲѹֻ˵Ҫ߳ŮҪеģһΣԺǵŮ϶û취صģҪǸȥˣԺǾͲˡ
սôģ
սûش𣬶ǻͷսҪִΣԺ϶⣬ҪǲΣȻ˱֤Ǿͻȥ
սһʱѡ
һԹŮõӦһⱨӦ䵽Լϡ
˰죬֧֧˵ҵãҵûȥҪǺ飬¶Ҫǲ룬ҲֻܶԲˡ
ޣ治Ǹ
ս嶼
۲Χսųʯתʯְߣȥ̸̸֤¶
֤һٿǮ
ս彻ǮʱҲ˸սһƻƻĿսһۣСá
Ȼʵʵվս
ȽǮʯȥսԼǺս庮ţ˵ȥǹȥˣ
ǰүүⲻǱ߿ټǱȷʵůͣ͹ȥˣʡڼҸܶսû˵Ҳȥǵ£ֻ˵úǹȥ档
ϴԲԲý£ǾҲ˵ˣΪء
Сϰˣϴȥ۳Ǹɰָ·ϲô
ϲϲĻǴЩЧҩһþͼЧϧھûضҪ򵽵Ļô˵Ҳö౸вУǸð裬ϴζðͷ۵һ٣˺̹ˣˣ
⺢ֿҲá
ϴ˵ȥ㳧ѧţסˡ
סѽǱͿˣϲֱӹѧˣûҲȥϿء
Ǹãꡭ
˵Ȼ죬̸ĶǺӾÿһ仰ΪӴ㡣
ӵĽӵǰ;
վսƻ۵ֹסĽ
Ҳܸ裬ֳָľ˾ˣٵİְ֣̫үүޱȵĽκ磬˵κ磬ΪʲôռҵѪȴֽȻͬأ
뵽ԼЩƻ̲סˡ
ʲô廪Щֵʵ
ƻ廪̲סıΪʲô˲İְ֡
費˵СΪ˸˼Ҳڵĺӹ
Ϊʲô費㣬Сøİְء
Сøְֺ᲻飿
û취Сøְ֣ҲԼİְֿ
廪ɲûش
̧ƻԴ۰ְ᲻ֿҪ֪㶼ǵŮǶǰġ
ƻ޵ĸˡ
ȻҲ֪𰸵״ʲô
սͳСȳ˾ִţսһ䣺֤һٿǮȥҽԺҡ
Ȼ͸廪ˡ
ƻսھִſڣɳȥĵﶼۡ
ְ֡ƻСĺս
սͷƳһۣҴȥ衣
ȻŮ˹;һ೵ŵҽԺȼսϣ̣ѾͽˣҪǲҲΪåӣ͸Ͻĸȥ֤ˣĻȥˣ㻻֤
һСץĻ
ĲˣҪ£ҾͲúǲû谡
ų´һѱסսȣޡ
㵱ʱǸ걻ѵʱôûǲûأսԼȣҪ룬ҾȥȥˣԺˣɲ˹ˣǺ޲㣬ҪΪ˶ӣͽȥˡ
Ҳûкġ
սĿȡ
Ҳ˵Ҳ㺢ӣ㲻ϲƻƻһȥôƻƻ㣬Ժ
սקԼĿֻÿӶҪקˡ
ƻһֻ֣Ҫң㲻ҪҪҡ
˵ũģżںңԶĴÿҪȥֵأҪǰְֲҪˣҪũô
Ҫֵذ
ĸ׵ߡ
սúҪЮԼ֡
ܸ°ס
ôھѧԺһܳͷصģںֿҪֻҪԺþУսٰԵܲڲɣֻҪӳ˳ϢˣͶžۡ
һ˲䣬ĵ״Сžš
ƻ
ȻսԸʹߣŮ˻ܼˣõǮԺܲӡ
ͨ˵廹Ѹٻָ
˴ͺսһȥ֤ƻǸģֵֺǸս඼ԷԵĺӸ
֤һ죬սͰս·˳ȥ
Լ·ĴŮס˵λԱȥˣΪսûпִλǱ߻֪ʲôֻ֪˻顣
֮󣬷Էܿˡ
ڵλסɴཫ˰ٿǮˡ
˰ٿǮһ䶼ˡ
ֻ˸뵽ϱӺܶ˰ʮⷢˣ֮ǰռҲ׬˵㣬˵ģɴԼ֧˸̯㡣
ƻƽʱвˣð㡣
ƣĳɼһǧɣҪȥҰְֺ͸ǣȥһκݺݵĴһ٣ҲȥˣζţҪǻܺͰְһöð
ѧڵпԣŹζ˲뷨
һΣСüҵıܱǱСøԶķԷĽֱޣϴŵƯСȹӣٵͷԼϱ۸ȾڵıĺͿӡ
ֻ˵Ĳƽ
ȻƻŸոոȥԱᣬЩʹ黹û
֪սºսͲٹעˡ
׼¡
ȥȡ·ִ绰ĻױƷһ˵Ҫ콱˷ֱܵԴŻױƷ˾ǡ
˼档
죺ǲٻȥˣó׹˾ǱĿǰѾоˡ
ôˣ
ûɶҸɩӾͷ
һ⻰սΪվȽŸԼĻˣǺҸϾӵĿл˵Ĵڡ
˵ˣȸ˵˵콱ܶһ˲һȥʶʶʱ˷ܵ˵
ǲУͱȥˡ
ʱʧѡ
㲻ҪݵôԼĳ˺ƷԺǺܼ򵥵飿սûǵǵݡ
˵ĶԣֻûĹӰǿ˲ٸ۳ǱߵĵӰҲ֪ôİҪȥӰѧԺ
Կо
սὨ顣
˵ĶԣھȥʦҸϰȥǸӣô˵ţͿʼѰʦˡ
սǮȻѾҵһ˽ڿʦ
ʦʮͷǵӰѧԺＫĽڣշѹ⣬ûë˵ʮܹȺԶ˱ȽĮҵʦҲһϡ¡
ս嵹ͦȤģеǳʱѾˣֻźǡ
廪һȥǳ֮ǰм߹ɷˣľϾͿ˳콱ϢЩעȻ
սǴԱڷɻϣŴİ죬һ
콱£ԺһԽԽġ
ҲģõƷ߳ţʡ

161 ټ

սһֱ, ֱӽʻ
йԱڻӭǡ
һӲߣͷСëŻĺƤС, ˫־һİ, дűŤŤ, ս֡
սһȺ߹ȥ
ãԻŮʿô⻰˵, ǻֵģϸЩ
ϱսιġ
ǻҲǵһսܵȻĵͷ, ս塣
ʱ, ܸ˼, ӭᡣŵ˵һ˵ţһߴߡ
ս, ƽ, Ӣ˵ʵ˵Ӣĵġ
Ŀ, սЦЦ
ǿ̫ˡ
ŵ˿ĳһӻ, ҸѧһЩģһΪԼ˵ĺܺˣԸǣû뵽, ҵƺҲûôá
Ը̸, ս˵Ҳ, ԭսε, սĵȻ, Ҳ˿
˵ģڹţƺģ浽滹һĨڡ
ֱȥƵ꣬ȥʹݣ
ȥƵ꣬ǰǾȥʹݱ
ΪǹӪӣսġƬӸģγ콱ûҪս廹Ҫȥһ˴ʹݵġ
ٺߴʹݵĹԱһ콱ϸڡ
Լܹȥ췽ԽӣԻٷݳϯܸ췽һЩ壬ҲܼһЩҪ鷳
սûǣڹһв۵ϸ۸ˡ
ȻѳԱˣû۸
̫ллˣĻǳҲ֪ߡ
ҵĹҲӦġ
սЦЦǻʹݵıعԱӴֲģΪշĽɱԱֳ
ò˵ʷȻƵġ
ץסѵõĻᣬԸµӭǣֻҪιɣպĻᣬͻȱıԱӵиĻᡣ
Ƶ췽ľƵꡣ
Ǻܺʤڸɾ
˵췽ⷽĻǺܺõģսһûʲôǣȻҪƵ꣬԰סͻطϢȥˡ
սȥĵһ¾ϰԵϴţ׵ӻһ飬Ȼ֪ûзأС޴սɲΪһʱʲô¨ӡ
Ȼˣˡ
ɾĺܡ
սֽĽʰ¹æ˵ʱˣս壬ЦѾͷԱ˵ˣʱ򣬻Ͳ
ãлл
лӦõġ
ЦЦ֪λŮʿǵԼͬԲͨЦʵ˵ͬǶǷǳѺõģʲôεľٶҲᳰЦԷ
սһ۾֪Щʲô
ЦЦû˵ǽһ󣬱˴ʹݣܿߵĹԱ
ֻǸӴԱսͻԱ󣬾Ϣ˳ȥս忴ǰˣü
ôӺƳսЦЦ
ս忴סˣȻع˲侪ϲĲ֪Ǻãһס֣ô
ǰȥ커յʱæġ
Ȼû棬ͬѧĬҲܸܵԷԼİֻôĬҲû˹˻ܼ档
˵ģսһοӳеš
ǿŽŵĶʱͰˣŵɫװؿڱŹգͷһ˿ǰϲѾĹЦˡ
ҲŸճһ£ҲǳפǹһЩ⡣Цս˵Ըս˱衣
ս뵽ǰЩ쵼ԶԷ쵼ĴԲѣ쵼ֱһ仰ȥ¡
Ȼ쵼濴ĳȣ⽻ȴæ졣
ⲻˡ
ǻ񽱵ϢһǶ˻ˣѵðǹǰôЩ̫ˣõĻжûˣҪƬǶ֪ϻȾȾսԱߵĳɳϥǣ˴֡
ǹҵĺöأһ׼һЩⷽĵӰΣЩöϢʧ
ս豭˿ڲ裺ǻмǧʷĵĶ̫ˣҶ֪֮ܲܽԼĵĶꡣ
û뵽սҰô

ʵҲûҪȥģúһЩӣպܼ̳²·ϼȥ
սһ£ĿǵõʲôϢô
һ
ȥȥʱѾҪ˲Ŵӵӹ㲥ﵥȻûгɹҪȥģӹ㲥Ǳߵ˼˲ŵĻܿȴӡѡˡ
ս壺
ʲô¶
˲ţ
ѵպܾգ
ûǴĻܾտǾʮ°ûôȡ
ǲű˾Ͳడ
սеţЦһ˵ǳѡҰɡ
۾Ҳ֪ѡ˵ı׼ʲô²ҪһЩӢģ֪ûеõϢǱҲҪˣѾ׼ˣ̾Ǳ߿ҪһµС
µвǷУ˾ģȫµС
ұ̾Ϊ
ս˼һҼǵǰкü˶ȥְ̾ɡ
ϾϵʲôģҪͦߵġ
ţǼ档
ս뵽֣̲סЦˣǸãԺȥͷˣ˺ð
սô˵һ̲סЦˣ⽻ɲҪ
ǣǳҪ˰ɡ
⻰ġ
ǵƬ׬Ǯ٣֮ǰӰƬͷȾǸƯ˰ɵҩСٲ顯Ǿҩһðҩ
ͬѧ棬̸ͬѧİԣȻˡ
̸ȥμӰ佱ºսǡ
ϵģĵĻĿȡһ£ԼƬӹ󣬵罫˱׼Լ
ս壺
ֻһͷˮĻȥˣˣ佱ϻʹݵĹԱͱֹͬ⡣
һ˵бڣʱŻˣȥأֱڷﲻˡ
Էڷԣҵ̨ǲļҲڷʱ˸רɷá
սǰЩС˵Ĵûг֡
˳ľ͵˰佱ϡ

162 Ŭ

佱ǰ˵㿪ʼ, ᳡ʽǴͿʼˡ
ʱս嵽᳡ǱƣϤһµ, ȻͿһȺԱ̺̺, ̺ľͷǩǽˡ
ս壺
ⲻԺߺ̺ô
ôˣ
ǵô̺ȥһͳ˲ͷϵĺ
ȻѾˣȴͷһسţڳﲻú˵, ҲŵĲС
ʻϵЦŻش𣺡ԡ˵ţӺӾһΣȻǶ, Բߺ̺ǰġ
۾ʱһ̻ͷս塣
ȴսѹûȻĵͷȻҪߺ̺ǻ˵˽, ͵ô󷽷չʾŶԡ
ζʱˣ
ΣǻĴ£ǽ첻Ҫߺ̺, ߵĴ󷽷, šս年˹, ۵״ż˵Ŀ˵ǹҹ̸ֻĻȴǲκ˵ģǧǰǵʫʱȺĵĺӻˢϳ㽶Ƥȹء
˵ţбһۣһֻ, Ժǹǿ, г콱Ļ, ʱ˵ʲôҶôϺ콱
Σ
ĨĨ
ô˵ûĻǻû¹˭ء
뵽ͻȻôˣǿţֻԼʵڲãĻ˵ɶúʷ̳֣峯峯ˣ̸Щɨ˵ġ
㣬һ˾ͻ˾Ƶꡣ
ս屾ҪԼߣױģû뵽ϴ裬ԭʦˡ
͵ʦ
Żױ˶ǵͷЦЦȻ´ǣƺѾ˼ôǻױˡ
ʦڹ۲սǣսҲڹ۲ʦ
ɫɽװ»ŲЬͷһ˿ϴŽ˿ߵ۾Ȼļӣ˿ȴʮֵĸɾˬʱսעֻ֣𪣬ۣǳһ˫֡
ֱǳϵ֡
ʦǺòģ֮ǰھױء
飿
ս䶯˶Ǹ飿
͹ҵ̨ͼƬǸıġ
ս˲˽ĲӾ磬ʱе㼤λױĴӣ»˲̼ǵúƵҵʱλӻЩӰӾ󶼱ѡزģĿһҲǡŷˡһˡ߰ʮԱж֮ġ
һ뵽λоҪԼױˡ
սһ΢Ķʦף鷳ʦ
ӦõӦõġ
ʦԭͦŵģϾҪԵĿƬĳû뵽ĳȻƽ׽ˣʦΪŶĸ˲ʧ
ȿεķװô
ʦҲ־ױģҪݷװġ
ս̴¹񣬴ȡҪۣս͸ˣۺѾȫûˣŴ׹оʮֵĺá
ʦ´ֿۣս壬ӡ
ҪҪҴ㿴
ãˡ
ʦæܾߺ̺ɲŪˡ
սæ·ҺˣȻͿʦֽддģΧޱȣս嶼ҴҲǣҲǡ
ֱֿ̧ҵȻи飬ȥ᳡
GҪһȥô
սľˡ
Ҫ֪ȥʱ򣬵һʱ򣬺Ҳǵ˽ģʱû˵ʹйԱͬ
ȥͲȥǲͬġ
ΪǸ⡣ָ˵
ս壺
Ĵ쵼ôأ
Ϊ쵼һ仰ôǳأ
ʵҲ˵һ仰Ͼһ仰ıǺȨ⣬ϸ룬Ϊϴδ쵼ĵһηʽʻշĽʵϸĵҲӦõġ
ЦЦͬ־ԸҴ˵绰αء
սһ̲סεĿһ
廪ǵġ
˹ֲ˼ġ
ʦ۾ֽддԺ󣬾ͿʼսԷ۵ɫţΪױҪƽʱױһЩȴֲ̨ױô١
սͦһСʱױݲźˡ
ȻۣʦͷʦᣬͷƤʱʱĳһ¾Ȼеսе˯ڿҪ˯ŵʱͻȻһˡ
սȻѡ
һ۾ͿԼ
Ŷ
治ױС
ս屾üǽοģױʱǳᣬһ˴󳡺ϣԵòأ֮ǰսյʱ򣬶ϲɫһȹӣͻһĽĸо
ɽӿɲܹˣҪǫ͵ʡ
ʦһ죬ʶˣºͣţ񵭣ȴֶׯĸо
໣벻佱Ļǳÿ
ҪսоԼԴһƮС
ллʦˡսϵʦ֡
Ӧõģϣǽǫ̬̃콱ǻ񡣡
ʦҲλѪ갡
һģ
սᶨĵͷ
ʱս׼ԿȥõĻǴʹݵĳ
ΪǵĽҪǱǰ߽ţߡʱΣȴŵļҲЩȱȱ
ս˳Ź㲥ĽܣȻһ̤˺̺
ĺ̺ȻȲպƱ鲼ĺ̺ЩᣬսɰͦصĴǰߡ
ۣױݣʵ̫ÿˡ
Щ˵һŶӣЩмһˣɵǵĴʱ̲סǰա
κԱѾŵĲ֪Ǻˡ
͸ˡ
սȴѾŹˣ˶ԵúܵȻϼߵգϵ·ʱʮԺ˵ƽѾһǧʷˣ׷ݵʱڣҲ417ꡭԣҹе˿ʹաʲôϲֻܻӭǻˣƽǳİΪֹֻ
ж󣿻ôƶνĹ˵Ӧܹɡ
˵⻰Ǹںһ顣
ǵûж⣬ֻǵҲΪˣԵø߷ߡ
һеķҲûз仰Ͼֳϣʵڲÿֻû뵽Լ룬һȴиöġ
սûǾȵЦЦҲ֪нˮƽҲҼ̫ˣΪֹķηǳټҪһЩ뺯ܵõĻᣬպʶһλϹΪǣߡ
·ķǳ
Ů̲סսȹڣ˿ָ֣ҪǮأ
һôΪʽʹõĲϲܶ࣬ҲҪʮԪңԼǧ
һǮŮɫӲһ¡
ս·ûƵģº͵ĺŮ˵Ż
˵ʲôأôе԰ս˵껰ӣСʵ
ûʲôǸҵ·ܹѡ
ս年˹
οսϵ·˵ĻнأúüٿǮ
ȷʵǺܹˡ
һĵͷ
佱˵ʵͦĵģҲıе㿴ͷ˾ǿİ佱ڣཱڵӰֻһƫ࣬佱ʱҲǺܺá
ֵսȥ콱ʱӹеڽͷӶ
ӰǲӰ
һȣЩ꣬ɨäӰֵӰѬ£ȻȹķΧЩһ룬սȻֹġ˶Ҷѡĸо
񽱸ԣս˵йоء
ڵڶıСռһССƪ
Ӧõڶ̳ǰӣģΪصĵӰ֮мĿϾս忴ŶûľɫûúÿһۣԺȥźɴԼͬһϹһ䡣
ΪӰڵԵʣʱֵʱ䡣
û뵽ڽϾȻλŮǡ
ֽʫ
·ôôһҹûף˸к̲סʵ
Ȼ
սһ£ȻǳЦŵͷһǧǰļգǻݳƷ
ݳƷζô
ζƽǿ̫ˡ
ʫԴ룬Ȼ¶ĵͷҲģû뵽ȻҲݳƷлһҪȥ
ӭ㡣
ʫ̬Ѻõġ
սĵúܿģ·ϾƷ꣬ʫһ·䣬··˾ȻһûϳһʫǸŮԱ
Ʒܲ۸Ҳܹϰʶˡ
ʫƼԼ˵ĵꡣ
ս˵껰תͷõԺ͵ѡ
һ˵˿ĵ㣬̳ȥѡսҲ˽ȥ˼ɴһЩеĲƷ֡
Ǿ˼ˣһ޲ðѶǮͿյļơ
սæţǻҪȥӣأŵ㡣
֡
ƻõ̲סЦ˶ʱöԷڳЦԼӣɫЩӲĸս
սǿۺǮ
һ˲ųƷꡣ
ոǵЦô
˼а
ûУֻǿĶ࣬׬һ㣬е˶ѡ
˿
ʫֺ͵˵˼仰תͷˣս屧ǸЦЦ
Ȼս˵˻ѣǸΪ׬öϲãֻǶǵЩЦѡ
սϲԣȴЩߵġ
ҲԷŭҪǱˡ
Ҳ֪ŭûõġ
ֻŬŬĽԼñ˿

163 ӣ

ͬ, ֵľ˹䣬Ƭ
ϴǼĻȥ
Ȼ󡶺ˮ졷һԱһȥӣ, Сʦ塷ԱȻعһֵġˮ졷ԱֱӴӹֱӣ
Ǳսϵ, Ǳ߻ᰲ˽ӦȽǰ
ͻعԱ˷ɻ, Ȼźǡ
ʦĻƱ
Ʊݸս壺˲²򵽵ͬһࡣ
лл
սŻƱ˻֡
ЦЦ, ִӿڴͳһСУ񽱵
лл
ս󷽷Žڴȥٺúþ۾ۡ
УˣҲ͵ûعˣʱͬ־绰, ٽϳ, һԶٷ
ˣ
Ǳô˵ȥĵطˣϢʱ, սûٵ, ˵ˣսʱϲ
, , Żˡᵽ̲סЦ
û취, ʵ̫ˡ
Ǹӣ˹ǳڴ, Ķͱ, Ŷܳ
ǻȥԶٷ, ѹѹ
Ӧõġ
ֺ˼ڹĿ, Ȼ㲥ʹ˵ǻĲһæǣȻϷɻ뿪ᣬǼشʹݹ
ӣʻԼСʱ·̡
·ɻЩǼŵˣоգǰȫˣֻǱƽʱ˰Сʱ
߳ڣսһ۾ͿһϤӰ첲ֽ壬дⲽ
顣
顣սæǰСܼ
һ̧ͷͿսһˣæؿڣŮʿǿڵˣӴɵѽ³ʲôµѽ
Ǻˣһǿˡ
·˰Сʱģɻûô׳¡սЦŰ
黹һµӣҪӣĲģǾԲҪɻģڰлƵģ̫ˣ˰Ҫ̤ʵصӴ
ûû£ⲻǰȫĵ
ţİҲǷˣǸϽȥɣ춼ˣ͸ǰ˸ޣѽѾסȥˡ
˵ţСս˵ŮʿҶŵķȥ˵Ůͦģǻ˿ɲôˣţֿס
ս壺
ⷽ鵹ͦ˼ġ
뵽Ը׽˿϶ҲǼģҲֲ÷˵ǲˡĻ
Ҳǡˮ졷ȻҲˡ
˳󣬿ŵ·ߵĸ¥ã۵Ķ̾ǡ
ѾҲˡ
֮ǰǸῴŻ㡣
ȻˣҪ֪ӣʮڷɵģԻ͵ʱ

ٹ꣬ĻԻͿ¾Ҫˡ
ս忴ų⣬ٺܿ죬Ǹ¥ȴǰƣ޺Ӱ͸ǵϣս̾һ죬ǻҲὨôÿġ
ô
ૣδ
һģֻҪŬǵһὨߵĸ¥
ս˿ӣĶգǴʪĺ䡣
۵ģȫǼᶨ
δңԶһӣܾܿ
ǵŬսͻȻͷΣζ˵һ˿һ㣬һܹϸõδǵﱲﱲסĴӣĴöҸ
Щ£ȴصĵͷ˵Ķԡ
һʦǿЦǰðԳЩǼٵģǳĳУ룬Լªˡ
ûҪ롣
սڰ֣ҲѣǶʵĳˣȥԺٻδУҲܶ༸˰ɡ
ǿ϶ġ
УȰ佱ˣǺúõĵȥһ˻һͼңҸȥͶ塣
һȺ
⡭ôСѧλȥдμǵļӸУ
Īţ
ǻȥͻ
ԭ绹е棬е˷ܣѾȫûָоˣ˿̵Ȼųĸ¥ãѾ͵飬һֿزĵڿˡ
飺
ϰĲˣӵ¿Ҳôʹ
ɿʱ䶼ûˡ
ԴģǵǱߣһţͿվſڵȵͬԱǼͬҲС񣬿̾С˹
Σǿˡ
սЩЦǸһ졣
ûɶûɶʵѵһ죬̹ء
ǺãɫˣҲϢɡ
˵ţֲվԱߵĵСͨһЩ͡
ǸͳͷС̫̫ͷͷһɫ£ףȽȥϢ˵ţ֣һ߾ϹһߣΪǰǼȥˡ
С̫̫ɷǰһˡ
ӣСѵ
С̫̫ͣʱ˻ĻˣضȽԺգҲǱȽϸԣģ˵λɷǲǻعȥˡ
ɷعξˣֻǵ׵ĺӡ
ǵΪϣҲΪֿλǶԻ˱ȽѺõһ֣ҲΪʲôᶨߵ޵ԭ

ԸϣܴӣԼǵӺһػһɷ򡣡
Ǹˡ
գиأ˶֪
˵ͻȻǰһӰ
һڱӪΪϼһؿأ˰¶û˵ʮˣȫ˿ϼΪӱһֱ˺ܶԺ󣬲ŵԴӿؼգʱǲûԼʿݵĻ£Ÿ˼һ
Ǹ£Ϣ׵Ӣ̫ˡ
ֻϣλܹóԸɡ
źͷһͺս»صϣһķ
Ѿסˡ
սĵʱ˰ȫУҹߴߴģһ˯ⶼûУֻ˵ãҲã۵Ķ㽡
ս֪޷ֹǶġ
ֻϰ취ǲȸУ࿴˻ȥɻᣬʱҲȫصĶǿӣչʲôˣҪ֪ЩɶǴǹӶĽƱɵĸ¥ú֪ʲôܡ
һˮȥʱڵģ͸ûˡ
ٿͷʱҧгݣⶼǼҵǮ
ԽԽ
ˣˡ
߷ߵϴ
ѪСеͷĻ˷䣬ֽ̿׼
ս嵹˱ˮƿţˣٸ˵һϢ˭Ļ˵һһˡ
ţ
Ⱥ£
¥ʲô
׬СǮǮڴģ
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ս, ڶҲݵǱߡ
һȼȺ˵ĵ׵Ļ档
ִٺãҲԼļ, Ŀ׬ǮɶԼҵģԭµһȺ, Ѿȫдȥдȥˡ
ҲޣֻһѡԵĽǶ, ʼ
а취β
Ϊ, ûôż, Ӧðѻˡ
ôսü
οЦҶѹסˣȺ˵ɶſ
ˮ졷ĿĳԱձСʦǱ߸Щ, ԵҲЩ, ټϷ͸, ִĴ, ĵ׵ĴŨҡ
ſԣһҪ롣
ս嵹ûһҪǾ, ôһ˹ȥʶʶҲȷʵĺܡ
ӣ˵, ȫԻ̬ȶǺѺ, ǳ, ҪóԿ׼ġ
μսͬ, ʱһֹ, ̲ס̾˿
ǳȥί, ǺǱ⻨, ʱѽȥˣȴһģ档
սͬȺͷôҪĿȴ̲סȥˡ
ʦˡ
˶ддģεϻźü飬һ־ܴ濴ǰս칫ҿЩͨʼĵǺ
ٿߣȡЩײӣ
ʲôɽҰ֡ʲôŹӡֱ۾
ҳԻѾȫģο˵ʲôǿǰͷٿͷܾûԼҵ˻ĸÿ
һȺ²ȥĻˡ
ôˣһƣһ⣬ŵʵ
һһۣɫװ׵ģʮѿֻһıսͣ֨ҹսסһӵŮȦˣĳ嵽һᡮડһ£
ͷţǸ׳ʲô¶ˣ
û¶
ҧҧȴҡҡͷ
սڽվ˻Ȼ˱ˮȥǸŮȥˡ
˵˵׷ʲôˣ۸ô
ǡŮҡҡͷֻǡе㲻ġ
ӣֻ˳ЦǸоĶѡ
սԣЩȻæ׷ʡ
ԭŮĸӣѧ˵һع󣬾Ӹĸ˼ˣ˺͸ɷǨһУ£ұ¶ԼѧľȴֻʱĻԻͣ͵͵Ľ̵СŮѧϰ
ȥһ˵ͦĵģֻŮżȻԱǡ
Ȼûз룬ȴˡ
ǡ
ս岻ꡣ
۾ӣսֻļ򣺡ʲôûϢĻ˭ﶼܣҲǼǰеһʱСѣֻҪŬ潨ǵһ죬ܳӣΪƯȼĳ
Ů̧ͷս壬۵״Ρ
·ʣĻô
ѵԼôǵʷǧǵһôÿһһȻѸٵػصۣ֮ٹǧ꣬ҲЩʷĳһ֮ضǵĹһԽԽõġ
ս뵽պƯĵĻ̲סĹ
˵һͷʨӣʱȫ罫Ϊ֮Ҫģͷʨѹ
˵ĺã
δһ֡
սͷŷֲ֪ʱȺѾվſڣ֪˶á
ոȺǣʱϵѾһɨգ۵ȼŻ棬·һ֧ŵǣֻ޲ܻصǵİ칫ң̻ӱһ黳ĺΰ
Ȼ˵ˣսվ˵Ȼһ㣬ȴǹ׷ϵġ
˵˵ʲô
Ļ
ս˵ǧ꣬ǧܵŲͷŲǧ֣ЩչߵʲôǴǴУ
ǵҪҵЩҪʧġŲǼ¼ȥи
ҪģǸͬҪԱҪš
˭ǵţǵڣЩʷŨīزʵΰˣЩĬĬŴеĹ
ЩЩںţս庰ֹһΡ
֮ǰǻúνºȴ˲ͬĸܡ
еĸܵ˴쵼˵Ǿ䡮Ҫʲô˼
ֻԼıְȡܹĿ׬Ǯڹڽǵʱ򣬲ҡ룬ֻޱȣǱΪԼĹӣŷֽ֣ʱǵǵش
һ˲䣬Ǽϵˡ
ľһ̤ӣӰڵĺ̺
սһϯī̵ɫ˿ۣĽ߷ˣΪӣЩսһɫĵ˿ͷϣǽ޻һ֮ǰһӵİҲӵ
ǲǣһȴ˲˵ע⡣
Ȼġ
ɴ˿̣ģǷģЩϣҲ֤ǻվһ̨ϡ
Ļϳ֡ˮ졷ĻʱĹ¿Ҳ⾫Ļ𺳲ѡ
һս̨ʱͲϴˣĹڻᶼĿƵĿ콱̨ϵս壬սŵӰڶ㱻˵صıֽ
սҲӵһ־Ĳɷá
ͬʱսŽЦŵƬҲ˹ڣڵڶһ磬˾籨档
־ϵսϵۡ
֪·õĶǧǰļʱɷõȺ˶ˡ
һ˿һ
ļ۸Ⱥʱ򣬶СǣƻƷ
æһУսִȺ˹һ죬Ȼ׼عȴû뵽عǰȻӵ˴ʹݵ룬ԭһλӣղؼңսϵΪϵˣ֮£ֻͨʹݣҪս幺
սֻý͵ʹݡ
ɴʹݷΪֵǳ󣬹ռ临ӣļ۸սҲ֪ΪѾ̤˻عķɻ
콱ȻûҪȴǱʹˡ
ҲպһЦ¡
ص˾ǣսһӾͷ·û˾ڼ죬廪һûٻźôסˡ
ҲѾǻˣսһ˷ܵĲС
űֽ裺裬ȹӺƯҲҪ
ս壺
СԴϡ
ǸСûܸ·ӡ

165 ҽ

Ϣ, ڻ˹
ս׼ϰ࣬ϰǰȥרнļ, Ȼ˳·ȥ֮ǰԼ۵ĴʦԼʱ䣬ĩԲԲһ·
֮ǰô
, ֮ǰӡսͷ
ʦ뵽֮ǰڱֽϿƬ̲סĵһЩӿɶǽӰ, Ҫ, ǿֻйĸܴĹƷء
ô˵ˣ̸ǰϹŻ
⵹Ҳǡ
ʦʱֺǺǵЦˣ֮ǰһһ׷Ӹô, øС˼, , Ҫʮǰ˭뵽ĺѴ
ɵðЩӱˣԺҲǽӡ
սָ˵
ʦһ, 漴Цˣ˵, ɲ
Ц޵꣺Щ֯Щ˰, Ҳ֪ȥĶˣԺ, 򲻵
ǿ϶򵽵ġ
ˡ
Щ, ȥҶɽһ, ӣƬϴ͸, Ƭϵͷܶ, ¥, Ĭˡ
ʹͷ, ϻͣķƬ
սԱߣĸƻ
֪үӿӣôĽ־϶ܣĵôĺãƿڴء
Ƭ緹ûԡ
սû취ֻô绰廪°һˡ
廪󣬱ȥ鷿Ҳ̸֪ЩʲôʱԷˣֻɲ̫ߵӡ
ߴߴߡ
ͬһԺүҲλƵĹˣѰ˼ţԼһܰǰƬóʹҷһûȺүӸˡ
Ȼ֪ӣչĺã濴ˣǾġ
үӣ廪
Ҫϰ˰ɡ
ߵս£һסսļ
սʶ뿿ϣͻȻ뵽ںҶɽæүǱһۣͷһѣС𣺡Ա
Ҳ
廪ԱŲ§ĸˡ
ĺԺǱߣ˾һ쵽ģ˺Ҷɽս嵹ˣκ廪ϣһһ§ģܿӸˡ
ǸأֵĿԼҵ衣
ȣûʲôְ˵ء
սеεһתƻ·¸˵ˣʱ˷ܵתȦ໣Ҫ·
˷̰˵Ŀˡ
ôˣ˵ʲôأСôˣŲ豭߹ЦǺǵʵ
Ҫ·ˣֽ贩
ŤŤƨɡ
үһЦ
Сհ˵ȥ콱·磬ӣʹǱˣ
Ķô˵綼ˣʮǮء
˻ôأ
ǿɲ
һ鲼ǲɵǮࣿ
Ų˼ɵɵ˼ܻôǮһ鲼ɼǿ鲼϶ֵôࡣ˵ţ˵Ǹүתͷս壺Сհ˵˵ǿ鲼ôôֵǮأ
ΪĻں
ս⣬ĵײһ
˼ôЩļֵû뵽ͼܵˣǻŸɶϽͰ
ĻںүЩ£ʻүӵһ˼
λүǰǸɡίģ˾Ĵѧڹѧ֣սôһ˵ʱȤŵҺúõ˵һ˵Ļں
á
սͷҲŲ˵㡣
Ⱥ˵Ƥߣˮֱ˵ֿʼ˵ЩȽϳƷƵĹ£ս˵еĹǼٵģʵʱү̲סЦһ
ûʷʷ̫ԼۣⲻŪ
ս̲סһҲô˵ͺЩ˵ǰʵ½ϣԹǼ׷һ˼ˣΪĲǽͷѶȥѣ۾ͲͬˣЩɶǻʵĺö룬ǰǵĴЩϲɼԼûĻϲЩĻ̵ĶԼ˽ǵȥ׬㣬Щ
˵ţսͷ廪һۡ
ЩõļҲʧˣǰ֪Ҳˣ֪ˣĿʧҲģ뱣϶ҪǮϾȥģ翼һ׬Ǯܱյķ
үͷүҲӸոյĲΪȻһ˼
ս˵ЩŵĴ˴֡
廪˱ˮսӹţŷ֣ԼΪűޱȵı䡣
˵ĺܺá
廪ÿͶ˵
ս年˹ԭŵԺЩ
ĻôأүӳһûͬҲûз񶨣Ƿʵ
ҵĻ
ս˼һȻ󻺻˵ҵĻһὫ֮ǰӣղؼҹ飬ӣֽϴȰ˿ôĶȥ

ս̧ۿˣûż˵ȥ߷ãͬ˿ϵļջж٣ɲᣬϡг̶ȷֳɸֵȼĻŲȻ󡭡ȥš
ţ
һ£֪ôȥˡ
ҽ֣գŵȣҾöȥţŵͬʱҽҲҪȷרеҩûв͸ɹҳ棬ר
ս뵽ҪԼҵĶӣŻġ˺Ӳۡȥרûҩˣøӣרѡ
Ϊʲô뵽Щ
ս룬˸ѣΪȥӣǱߺܶҽԺǱߵ˴˵ǻĹҽԳ洫ģоܲţʱҾ룬ӣ˹ҽİȨôպʹЩʱǷҲҪаȨأ
ƨڵĶƾɶǸʲôƨר
һʱһϡ

üͷһЩõƳۡ
һֱս˵л˼
粻˳٣ñûʱȶˣδٿҲȡרãҽúúñ
ս죬˵䣬־ã˵Ϳˣ˵㵽ΪֹãʣµģԼȥɡ
ү˼Ҳһ˼ˣ¶ͷȥˣתͷȥȥˡ
μҵӣǿſɶĽĽ
ԪССͣͲμӹСٱǾֻҪۿɼδСң϶κ磬˵ûʲôرʵĵطΪμΨһĹŮ̶Ȳ˵˵ɼҲõĺܣϲһ㶼ƤǸĹСκ⣬ѧϰãҲܳȣ˵ǰѧУ㾺Ҳ˵һӾͺһģһĺá
ǿû̾̾廪úõһӣҪꡣ
⼸һȣԼҵĺӾûôõóˡ
һģƢĺܣ˵ʲôҪģɲ١
˵үүԼҵĺҪҲˣ˵ףҲ֪Ժ󻹴̣ԽԽܣҪͷѡ
μҺôиء
뵽ˡ
սǲˣһֱӿ廪ĻڲͣĲ
˵˵ĶģȺսϽѹǺܴģҲ˲үǿ˻᲻Цˣֻ뱻廪ţůȡϵ

166 

ںҶɽʱ˵ͦ, ȻصĺԺս֪ˡ
Ҫ֪֮ǰ˳Ǵ, ͻͦĿ, һֲҽҩ걨ר, Ҫ˿ܷĲͬ
̫֪˰
д, սһЩԾ, 廪, Ȼ˼⣬ȴҲһֱû, һֱ˯˴, 廪§Сʵôˣ
ںҶɽʱ򣬻ô
ûô
սҡҡͷ, ֱס廪ϣ˿ٻ˳
Ǿ, ǻصԶ
廪ԳĬˡ
§ڻһûһµĴı, ˫ĿĵĿ컨塣
ս屾ͲǶƸе, ˵һﶼŻŵģ廪ôһ, ȻôĪı, һ, Ҳ˯ϮԺˡ
Ҳ֪˶ã˯Ѽ䣬ͻȻ
廪ƿ˴
ȥսͷ۾ȥ
˯ͻȻЩûꡣ
廪ѣ߻شߣǺñӣ·ԴƵıս屾˯ͷһģֱӾ˯ȥˣ廪ʲôʱȥ鷿֪
ڶʱ廪緹ˡ
ս弱ææӸСһкĳԣˡ
֪衣
һߴӦһ߷ֱߵ
ЩսӣǱļͯԭС˵ǹûеİ汾Ӣˮƽﲻԭˮƽ
԰ӣ裬ױģ
˭˵ױģˣȰѧϰȻԼװƣ˸ۣ¿ӾͰ͵輸ϣٻͿٵļ緹һ߳Իһ죺ûãҲ˼˵ҡ
ôûˣһըˣŤͷͶž
սһСôһʱˣһסԴתСأ𶯡
ίίĹŲС
һ߳Լһ˵ԲԲ磬Ȼɼһ㣨ԲԲιСĺѽȥμ˹ʱٿңûеùڶ೤ǰ컹˿ƼСС鳤ʦ˵׼òμ°İأأûѡϰɡ
ǣҲѧϰίԱѽ
Ҳǵһ

Ȧ˲ˣ޺޵ĵžǺǡʾ
裬㿴
˵תͷ״ֻߺߣ裬ת£ڱİ϶Ҳǵһ
ûϢȲֻӱܵĵСԡ
κ⣡սһԽ˵Խ֣ĺһ
زӡ
սֽİѴӣĺɫϣȻİıȥԷսԼóѩ࣬緹ԲԲ㡣
ղ꣬Ǳֳ߽ˡ
սͷۣüʵԡǹӶһ϶ͣĸ㿪ڣúø˵˵ʲôìܣ
裬ⲻǺɸ
һ࣬СƵ̾˿һ쵽ĸЩѾͷƬ̸ʲôƯ·ɶģʦúúÿ⣬ѡûѡϡ
Ҳϲѧ⣡
УѾμĴˡ
⻰˵ģί
ߡһˡ
廪ŹӴӳϻΧŸΧȹǸܾӼҵüѵ˵ʱɺƣϲѧҲϲμ£㲻˵Щеûģ㲻ϲ٣ô
ǡ˵ѧʦðμӱš
ˣϽ԰ɣȥѧսӺ˾һ£Ҫ֪о仰ʩˡҪǷǱȥμӸٱԸȥô
Ų˵ˡ
緹˱ϸԵɵվڼſڣСܵĳǡת½½˳ڳ׼֮ǰͻȻˣ裬ʦ˵ˣݶҪҳᡣ
ϻ簡
롣
սֿԲԲǰ࿪ô
ȫУÿԲԲӾð꼶翪
ɣʱҺ˭ʱ˭ȥ
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ս嵽˳ͱϯһжӭ˽
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ż
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ͦżģǱĻûأ⼸ҴļѾýС֣ˣˣ˵ˣˡ˵꣬ϯս֣ææľˡ
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ս壺
ǻѨǳôܵô죿
սЩµĿŹϯһ̵гˣЩԵĻͷ֣飬С֣һ۾Щӳۻ˲ٹǸϽ˰ɡ
ĪֲԤС
һ·칫ߣСֶ֣ľűʼǱս屨ڵʱ䣬﷢¡
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ڿҿæһ죬緹С֣ʳô˷Եġ
һֱæµϣѾ°ʱ䡣
ƽʱʱͷԺˣɽȴɺƽʳǱߵĵƻţսˣվڴߣһߺˮһ˳ŷһ۾Ϳŷеʳô򷹳ԡ
ôûȥսС֣
⼸ÿ춼ģСʦǱʱ䶼ƽʱЩ
ô£
սһãȻĺ˿ˮ
С֣ҲЩԺԴȥ콱Щ˻󣬲֪˵ʲôȺ˾ԽԽ°ˡ
ս壺ߣȥȥ
С֣ͷæźܡ
Ϣ¥·칫ңͿźıӣԱ߼ʦűȣһſϣ۾ųӻϻżǦʣһʦñҲżǦʡ
칫һһһĻʦޱȵվںڰǰʲôһȺתΪͨ˵ѧͽǾ۾һ߼¼һϿεСѧ
վڴڿ˻ŵԽ칫ң˶칫ң༭ı༭ڰ칫ϵ̨ƶţ߷żĶǸֽҲʮţżдúõģẰǰͷͷı༭ǹһ𿴡
칫÷񲿵ģ˲̣Ա߸ļҲŽ
İ칫ѾΪ칫Ĵ䣬İ칫Ҫֳ飬һָġǻһSġμǡ
ս嵽ʱSͶָѯŽ򶷵ĳô־£Ǳ߶ϻʦǸλڹľӢǻǺ˳ģҲ֧µĻʦԼĿһ޸ĸԵĿ顣
ۺ¥սԷȥˣԷ治֮ǰ𻨴Ⱦң飬ĴС͵¼ҡ
ƶʦսΪҵλҵ̨ԱӣŸԱָš
С֣ˡ
վԺ⻨԰ڴ̫ǡ
ս̲סĸٰ̾
С֣ͷǰǳĹǣǳһ˲ŬֺγǾᷢչأҪǱƬҲͺˡ
ô
˵ƬǱߣ鶼ˣ˵Ϊ˳£˲СĶü˼ҰϱӸˣԼŵ͵͵ҹܳˡ
սԣʱס
Ĳѣָ߬
ѵֹ˲ôôֹסô

167 ҳ

СƬ鱻ߵ, սĺǽꡣ
еҪЩʲôıһС
ʱĺһܹ֮ıġ
Ÿĸ￪ŵĲԽԽᶨǵ۽ҲԽԽ, ҲԽԽ, ֮ܺԣõıܣԱĻ, ƺҲʲô¡
ɵƽ
ص칫ңս, Щġ
ڼ㺢ӳ廪ս廹ûɴźǵ˳
һţӾܵ칫Ǳ߿ǻȥ, 廪Ƕһ˵칫ս, Ϊܿһ湤ճһ, ȴճڷ
ôڷ
廪ߵǰ, ϵļҪ鲻, °ɡ
սعôˣ
㵽ڶûؼ, úҵҲд, ʹһˡ
Ҳˣ
սˮƿ廪˱ˮƽʱڼҿô
Ǽҳˣ⻹ѧͷһؿҳأͦ˷ܵġ
ӵĳɼܺ, ԸѧУҳ, ֻҪһ뵽ְֻԼλʦ, Ǿһڵ˷ܡ
죿˵¸ڶôսһ, ǵϺ˵ڶʲôġ
˵ڶҲ졣
廪Ų豭ñҶȻСڵһڣҲΪأ˵죬ҹ绰쵼١
ֱӴˡսָָ칫ϵĵ绰
廪߹ȥͲܳôԲԲļҳᡣ
Ҹջô¶أпհȥɡ
Уһ١
˵ţͿʼ绰룬ܿ绰ͨˣ˼٣ȻȻ˹ϵ£ս弫ɫıܳȥˣ廪绰˽һӲŹ˵绰
սŽˡ
üˣ
š廪ߵɳ£ʱʲôأ
սû뵽һ绰ˣ廪û¶̾˿ûʲôС֣˵Щ£˺оͦܵġ
˵˵
ս彫֮ǰ˵¸廪
廪ˣҲųĬ
Ǳⲻ˵ġ廪ס
սüĲ֪ţҲܣǸǹӣڷ֯ϰʱ򣬾ܿĳ˾ĳθˡ
ʵ飬˲ţڹˡ
廪ԼĲ豭սǰƣǵǰЩѧô
š
ֻһС˻ˡ
⡭
սȻ֪ѧвڹ⣬ȴû뵽һ붼û
ûҪҪߵģסģһһΪģǺúأŬչãȡδǹˣĿѧҵǹӡ
⻰˵ģʱսЦˡ
ȷʵδǿˣȷʵйרҵӡ
š
ս˳廪ߣҲǰ칫ң־סĲӡ
廪ıı
˾һе¾ãֻϧƽӣͱˣֻͷ˵ܲ滹С֣ĺˡ
ԲԲעð

˲絯Ƶķֿ廪Ϊο
š顯һƿ˽һ飬˷ܵؼУ裬Ҫ飡
ʲô飿
սӹһһݻһĸӣһ˵Ĺ¡
裬³ÿҺϲ۾Ŀս塣
ս̧ͷС֣˭ĸӣ
ĸӣǰ͹ġ
ĸӣ
սϸķҳ˵ʵΪսĻеս壬ΪȥԺϵͳѧϰԵʣ֮ǰֵʱˡ
ǵĻĺþеġ
ùǿá
ս巭һ󣬾ͷ˲⣬輸ϵǦʣȦȦ˲ٵطݻС֣ⲿֲУҲȽңÿ
С֣ӹӣս廭⣬ͷھȥС˵
ȥɣˣдһС
˵ţ칫ǱдŹֽݸС֣
С֣ӹֽͳȥˣǰ˰ףЩĿս壺裬ǲˣ
Ϊʲôôʣ
Ǹӱ༭廹ûҾС֣õˡ
սĿ۰û뵽Ȼô񣬱ûǵһ㣬ȻѾʶ󣬲ˣǾͿ佱
ûϵ´ξͲӴ
ɵĵͷ֪衣
սֿԲԲ;кӲ˵ʵڵģǷݸӵǻˣ治ǰĲˣȻҲеá
ҲˡͷĸСƵġ
æ˳£ȹǶ뿪ˣսŸ廪˼ҡ
ڶһ磬廪Ƚս͵ȻŴԲԲȥҳȥˣΪǸ꼶ļҳᣬϿΣҲûȥҶɽȥ˸档
ԲԲĳɼڰ༶ǰʮ꼶ȴֻŵϵȡ
ʦʵͦͷ۵ģΪ⺢ƫƣѧãĲУѧ֮ԺãΪÿ޲ÿдҵ飬ľͲˣҪԿĵ̶ȵġ
ʦ廪Ϳʼ󵹿ˮ˵Ҫ⺢Ϊ⺢Ӷˡ
ԲԲԴʦ廪ĸʦ˽һԲԲĲ֣׼ȥСʦ֪廪ԲԲĸ׶壬˵廪廪ѧıҵ̵˵ԲԲԴ
ֿƴѧҵɲҪֶ
ԲԲһ£Ѱ˼ҲǸбҵ˸Уôƴѧҵˡ
ȻŷӦʦ˵廪
廪ûͣԲԲҲûͣαӶ˱ʦ˰죬Ļ˼ҡ
Һ廪ȸԲԲѧϰƻȻȥʳó緹ԲԲ͵Сʦ٣һŰȥѧУ
Ҳ֪ǲ𺳽
³ɼõʦڿ佱ɿʼ
ƩԸȽ䣬̫ȺԸã̫·̫ÿָͷǵİϵŮĶѧϰϡ
˴󣬵ıʾġ
ûԼǵðѺ硣
ҳᣬźǻغҶɽˣǸˣȳĵİսСĸҽǸ£ͷӰѾȥˡ
սһһӾͰ
۾Ŀģ
šϱ˵ӣҲԼ˼£Уˡ

֮ǰͷȷʵûǵⷽ棬Ҫôһ˵㲻ԺԴء

168 ׬Ǯ

ҽ, սϲ⡣
˵ʵû뵽ô˽չɼʱһߵǶԵ, ˿ޱȵĸмȺүӣѾˣһеطҪ, Ҳƴ, ͦ, ΪҼٿܵʧ
ʮѾԼר
ҽר, ˳ͨ, רڹǲϵģҪ뱻ʳ, ͨƯר, , Դȥġƽ롯Э, սĸĽ, Ϊ˷ֹ̬仯, ׼ռЩϺĵһʱ, ǰƯרר
֮, սֽյר롣
Ȼȥˡ
һ, ֽⶼҪѧ˻Լд⣬ĹҪҲûɶð
ѵΪϱ£ܵӰǰעʧ
˵ģ˵, ԼڵĶער, Ҳȷʵĺܡ
ҽΪҩġҩСѾʼж, ˸ɴֳһС飬յ¼ҽռ֮ǰռپռ٣ʱһȥ
ҵǿģȺڶԵҲεġ
һ٣ֽϴһʱ䣬ռյרĿרǱһæµһЦ̸ô꣬ɴûôæµ
רæĲУ˾ϵĴѧϣǱܳһЩʵϰϡ
Ϊˣ廪ѧǱ߻ϵս塣
ϵοɻǵսء
ϾĴѧ˸λս嵱ϵҲϷѾܺЩεƽƽԺǱߣսûʲô
ƲϾžڹý治ѧһʵϰλȥ
ս˻ң¾衣
ڵɳϵģǵϵΡ
Сհü겻ڿԽԽơϵЦǺǵĸս˵
ⲻǻûʲôɼҿɻʮ֮Լأʦ߶ȷʵҵĴҡ
սʦǺ𾴵ġ
æʦ
ɱ𣬿ɣУͱƵġ
սͷŷУˡ
УսվУףò˵¶ҵüˣ񿴼У̲סĸеš
УֺǺǵģˣɡ
ۿʦصĺúӡ
ս߹ȥĸ첲ɳϡ
УǰܹȽŲãʹˣ΢иľ۵Ԥ׼أŹһ߸˵ʳðĳɽ裬϶´꣬ɱѺǶš
ȺͲģЩѧɶʮ**ˣĳ̫
˵Ȼȥ֪ͨʳá
Уתͷս壺⼸ѧɶҪ񰡡
Ƿרļô
ûҴˣ֪
սͷҲ֪Ҽҵ֪һЩҲ
УһͷȷʵսԭˣѧʱǸעĵӰǶļ̫ͥ˽⣬ɷʵҽȥǲ֪򵥣򵥡
һʱϵѧѧϰ֮⣬Ķǰæϡ
пȻҲæֻǿϵЩֻľܾùҪдˡ
˵˵ô
ǹʷƾãǻеļֻǲܱѣһǰõר͵øרˣǾġ
϶ġ
Уεͷ
Ҳ֪֮ǰȥ콱
˵ǻûϲءսǳģֻҪһ뵽Լҵվڹʵ콱̨ϣǾȻĸп
ں˵Ŀֻǲ˿ˡ
ллʦһŬġ
úã֮ǰǸ¶˵
սż˵֮ǰ£һ׵˵ӣҽƻ֮ģϽʦǽһУʱӣѧģֻǶ̶̵һʱ䣬ʱ򻹲ûܻصҲǷǳԵʣӣûʲôӡ
޳ܣɶ񡣡Уùʹ档
ս壺
Ҳߡ
ȺǣǿǵĹҸģŴǹǵôУ˵ţȦˣǾȻҪȥ콱ڹ
ⲻҲûйʵӰ
ս尲οУ
Уס⵹ǣ漴ʹģʵӰڶûС
ѧУս뵽УոǸӣ̲ס̾˿Ӱⶫֻо˲ŰҪǻڿӰڣܲܳаһ£ûһ£ҪǣӰڼİҲǺܴ⡣
۹֮Ĳ
ڹһûǿڣʵűȽϺá
صʼ
ʱƽȵĹˣһֱ·ݣʼϵ»˴廪Ҳʼ쵼ȫصӲ죬żܴϿӰ
ս˼˲ʧ£̲סĸǱߴ˸绰
پٰᡣ
ȴû뵽Ǳһᣬ޲̹ҵ绰һ¾˵ļƣսæֹҵ绰˵ôżʲôҾˣֲǳˡ
绰ͷǳ˳飺ǿɲһǳǶȥô
ҷûģǾããǶϲ⣬ʲôӣսĺǺĶԴð
Ҫ볳ܾͿ԰ѵ绰ҵˣû㳳á
аȡ
ս廹еź
Ŀȷʵ˳ܣ뿪ġ
һЩõϢ˵Ƭ鱻ȫԱˣǿɶ˲ѽ˺ʹ뵱꣬ǹҵĶȫ綼ǰеģ˵˵Ҳ˽ܳȥˣʵǾÿϧ
⻰ҲĬˣ˺һſ˵֪Ǳ߿ٹʷ
ǧ顣
̾ǰֵô࣬һǾԪˡ
˭أ˭ҪǮأˡ
սҲܲζ
Ҳ˵ЩˣֻǡܶԴֻҪԼģˡ
֮һνɣȥǽ
Ǳ߳ĬƬ̣аɣ¶۾ôˡ
š
սĵͷǱ߿֯һЩѧιʲôģҲ֯Ļ
á
߹ͨˣսŹҶ˵绰
Ų豭վڴڣգϰϰսһڿˮȻһ
Ҫ˲ţ͵Ƕ׬Ǯ
ʲô׬Ǯ
ȻǳƪǺϲĳƪ
ҵ̨ѾƵս崹ʱӸٶƵˡ

169 Ŀ

Ȼ㲻ߵ뷨
ǼȻͬ, ǸĻҪ£̾Ѿȷ, սʮδӣȥǲμӽᡣ
Ϊùʴ󽱵ĶӰˣȥμӽᣬȫŷ̬ȥġ
θսʱ䳤ˣսµֶѾ˽⡣
սԲù
һʲôûʶģ
۲ս죬Ҳûʲôαսϻ, ǴžĹ, ̸ǣ˻𳵶Ѱ˼⳧ĥɶء
δȥ˺ǣսٶȵԼ˹ҵ̨Ρ
û, սֱ⣬˵ҪٶƵ¡
ճ, ǲԸ࿪Ƶ, ʵʵ
Ըս嵹, һ̨ǰһСʱдʱ䶼λĶ⿿⶯˲ٵĹǰЩֵ˽, Ժ⶯۸϶Ҫǡ
ǰʱ̨ﻹ˻, ˵ӾͶƬļ۸
ŵȳȥ̸һ̸۸⣬û뵽˼ҵ, ֻǲ, û, ⲻ˼һſڣ͸ǳ˸⡣
ȣ⶯ƬȲ˵ǸģٶĿܴܲ絽ķŶƬɣ˵ˣ캢Ӳѧô˭ٶƵ
ٶĿҲֹжƬ
սЩΣˣԺǵ˽ĻƬġ
ǻʲô
Щɻ
ƩСű԰ѧʫʴͣƼ֮ģڵЩӰĺܣֻûһչҵǶٰһЩıҵ˲Ҳһ
Щ£ٶƵôأ
ս˵Թž˵ʮг״ԪеĺĲã治ɫЩڵգҽЩôСʱͿʼ˲ţţҪǾǰĶãô쵼Ļ˵èèֻҪץģǺè⺢Ҳһã۾سгʵĵطٶƵĳ֣ھǵȤڿҵҼֵ
պЩҳúӶñʲôá
ʱǽǶն·ʱ
ս黹Ǻʵġ
˺Щ⶯˵ʵڵģ̨ĽĿͦĵģһЩķ̸ĿĿΨһֵģÿϰ˵뿪ʼĵӾʱ˵Ǻϣͨ˽ΧĴ£˵ףӻΪ˷ɡ
ԲŵӾرߡ
ġ
⣬ʶһ㡣
Ҳͳ̨ʣִһࡣ
ǹҵ̨оһʱ֣ĵʮʼƬʾȻ͵Ӿʱεʲ࣬ǰʱշ˸̨ȥٵٶĿֳȥĻǾֻ̨ܿˡ

ոս˵ЩĿǺĿֻٶϣƺеϧ
ţͻȻĵһ漴뵽̨ľ״ֽݴѹȥ
սȰ˵һԱʽŸ»ȥˡ
һ˳Ϳɱ༭ĿսЩ¶Ժר־Ͷ뵽ĿĹС
ΣĿǾĸӲ˺õƷͷQĶе
սӣһãϰŵĿʮȺģսһ߸̾һˡ
ȫԵĿһ̧ͷŷѾˡ
Դ𣬷ı׼ؼȥ
˼ſڣгƿţͿĴкůƹ⣬廪ϵΧȹˣͷͷĿһдҵ
ܰĳÿοĵ׸еů
սͻȻ飬ϰҪֵģƽеů
һ˲䱬
ս弱ææегкûֱӳ鷿ʼǱٶȼĿʼдĿĴ٣廪æȥվ鷿ſںһ˶ûܷԼ
Ϣ˳ȥ
ְ֣ɻĿ廪
ꡪ
ʳָڴߣһȻС˵Ҫ飬ǧҪ
סͣĵͷ
սһддʮӡ
ⶫֻһƬΣܼ¼һѵõ飬ҪڣƬдѯ֮ġ
սϱʼǱ˿Ȼ·ƵĿαϡ
ˣ
廪˱ˮݸ
ս̧ۿ廪ţһĿԴ͵ܡ
Ǿʲô룬úϢһ
廪ùսĿۣȻüףƼģ
š
гʶ󰡡Ŀд廪һۿ⡣
ģս˲ֱ壬̽ʵ
廪ָָʾϵֵ
ս忴˿Щ£춼ûˣۿһ廪дˡǲû£
廪һܻж˿ģʱָŽжˡ
⵹ġ
ս̾˿ǳﻹЩרҵ˲Ű˵ţĵĿһ廪Ҫʾͺˡ
ҵǿԸϵһֻʹʡ
Ҹˡ
սƴֵİ塣
УҪʱңҲǰЩеĴˡ
սһ⻰֪ʵǱ߿϶¡
мģսģˡ廪Цһ뿪ʵңһϣʵܸõģ飬ⲻ˵ĸе˸С
ս崹㲻˵ôߵģסߵģһߡ
廪̾˿˵еĺͻǲͬģǻΪǮҡɹĿлЩȽ֪ʶ·һ޴ı⣬Щ׷ѰĿѧҡ
ôˣǺúùɡ
Ҳǽˡ
廪Ȧסڻš
˾ıһֱǸе֣Сܹſ￴ⲻ֪Ųͱ¶ǣԵ̽ͷʱľֻһ˵ĸĸ
ţôˣ廪װշֵӡ
ְ裬ԷûУǶˡӣһʹӡ
˺ˣϽԷɡ
һ˲ʧֳ˻Ц
Ƿ޼żӵ˼ᶨǶԼĿ꣬ԼĿǰһǰ
ڶһ磬ս徫ȵ̨ȥˡ
ӴΡ
Σҵ㿼ǵôˣڲѾ˰ɣ룬ȷʵڶͦѣΪƺҲ̫ã룬ô붼ãٶƵǷǳõһ£ǶԵ̨ǶǶҵ˵һޱ׵¡
λûأսһġ
˳ǡ
Ǹճ¶ɣǻٿǿǣҪ֪⿪̨ɲһܳɵģҲ˵źŵģ˵򵥵ģҲûôĳٶ̨
Խ˵ԽᣬѰ˼ţǵ̨Ժ֪жõӴ¥ܿǼÿϰ඼Ҫƹȥһۣϰࡣ
սһǿ޵Ӵ¥ûأ
еĵӴ¥
һתҪҰ㿴ʲôʱס´¥
ĵһ⣺·
ҪŲˡ
ҿ϶š
Ǿǣһשʮа˸йϵģλճд˵иˣܽӴ쵼ָˣλҪ˻˵ûõϢ
ٶĿ£
Ҫ¥Щȥҿ϶˵û
ϣ仰ˣ
սǣּĵȴϢսˣͬʱϢ꣬ջ˴
ļٵģ
ſɲŸշⶥأЩשͷӿɻûأ˵װˣôܸ㶨
е㲻ˡ
Ųžˣһˡ
֤һ飬սѰ˼ֻҪϱӲι۵Ĵ¥ַϵĽû٣꿪϶ܽȥ´¥ϰˣŵĺܡ
ɣ¶㣬ٶĿ£Ҹһ죬Ҳûӣ⣬Ҷˡ
аɣ¶ȥʱͷ̸ɻкöأҪǲҪҿɾȥݵ̨ˣǱһˡ
û뵽սȻбѡĪģһ¡

170 Ȱ˵

ʵ̨һֱٿһ̨Ĵ㡣
һֱǵ, ̨ΪۺƵҪһЩշ湤ϷСƷӼ֮, ൽ̨š
̨֮һֱû, ȱʽһ¶һ, Щյ, ˭Ҳ˭ûиͷ, ̨ڶûи˾󻮳
ټ϶̨һֱϲȥ, µ̨̨ĺܵ͡
յıָиƽ̨ϵ, û뵽̨ô, һֲ÷ֵսľ̨Ͳ, ƾ˸ϴ磬̨ܡ
˵Ҳ¿ӳˣ治࣬˼ƱǮȥӰȥˡ
ҪǺ͵̨Ĺϵٲ, Ǿû·˶
˭, һ쵽˵̨, һ˵ƺҪ̨ˣûü, ˵, ̨Ƶ, ٶƵˡ
ɲһֱô
ϴȥһ˵һģʱͬ˪ƵģһĿԡ
˵̨ƵôաϷɶģиСѧͽʳʡ
˭˵ˣ̨ϵʦ̴˼ȻһСѧͽϵˣ˼Ҹ˵ˣ
Сѧͽʱӡ
ԴӼǰʦ˴սͺ͵̨ϵ׽ټϷЩҲʼĵӰԸմ̨ϢǾͿʼϣ̨һЩϷݡ
̨ȷʵ߷չģôһʱûתٶƵô
ѵǰСʱô
ҵȥʣզ£
Ƣģ̲סҪ嵽̨ȥˡ
Ȼ£òͷ
ȥʲôɡ
ϴ絽صģȰЩƢģˮͷòһȥҵ̨λˣ˿ϴ磬ǲдģ˼ŶŵģҲƴǣ˶תͷԼϱˣȾơ
ƹѲϴ˵¶ˡ
ҲЩˣһĨ¶ɻ治Թ̨
ô˵ָָ̰
֪ɡ
֪֪ǿǾĵλ˵ģǷӾǾһݶģ˵˼ͷյʴ󽱣ʱֽϿء
˼Ҿĳȥ̨ĿдÿһͳǮӲô񣬾˵ÿһݶһ
ϴ紹üͷરવĳ̣֪˵Щʲô
˵ǲɶأƵ˵˵ǣӶϵݣڱ˽غˣɶίģ˼һĿ̨´ˡ
˺˿ھƣ̾ʱ
ڿɲǽʱˣöлУǰҲϱǵϹأ֪ͨˡ
ϴóĬᡣ
ӵĺ⣬뿪˵ļ
ȥӺͽǵߣûҶ˵ʲôװ˯ˣڶûˣ˼ϤһüԲߡ
󼸸һĥ̨Ǳȱ𼱣ȥλĳ
ڰ칫ҿĿսӭ˼λսǰ°սǰ˸ӴŰɣҪ˵ΨһеϵģǾھǸġ
˵£еĽӴǡ
С֣Ϊ˲衣
ǰˣȲ죬žԼͻˡ
ⲻ׵ھʵ̨£᲻ᱻ˴ȥһһۣЩձ
սȰһǣ΢һЩ󣬲ѯ⡣
һʣ֪ԷĿΪ˵̨̨
ԭ̨׼ƵģΪսĲ֣ΪٶƵЩշǰȻסˣѾڵ̨Ǳˣܵ
ż˵
ս˸ӣʼ¼ЩǰĻ
ǰǶ˰׼ˣȴû뵽λ̬ȾȻô㣬ûǣͳӼ¼ƺкֵ˼
ֶһۣſ˵սļѡ
һ˵ǰСʱ
ȻʮӶڴ󵹿ˮ
˵ս忴˿ʼǱϵļ¼̾˿Щǰǻһ˼룬Ҳû˵˵Ĳԣֱ˵취
̨ٶĿѾ͵̨ǱöˣĿ϶ǲܸˡ
£漸ǰһ궯
սæҲż˵취ǿУ
˵
⳧רģҪǳ飬ṩƵṩһô
ǰһʱЩ󶮣ɫЩã
СǸ˻΢еӦˡ
˵ǲ̨ݣǰǱݵĽĿ¼¼ɴŴȻǻĶ
սͷԡ
ǲУ
ǰҲҡҡͷеԵľ̨ϵķⲻ¶ôܿڵķӦأ
ȥ̨¼ĿҲڵķӦ
⵹ġ
ң¼һսĿɱŸƬɱŶ̨ϱݣͷŽкõĶЩʲôˣ⿴Ƭʲôˣ
⡭
˵ףݽĿҲûֻͷ̫̫ɣ໹ϣСѿɡ
սĺƵ˵ˣٶ̨ҲֻжƬƽʱƵҲǻ֯һЩģĿǰ˵Ϳ԰꡷֮ĻҪҪӸյİ飬ƩʲôСš֮ģҲǲʱżһЩӣǼʦһ¼Ŀ˵ǻڽĿҵǵĵء
˵֮ǰЩãȻⷬһ⶯ˡ
˵ףںʲôԴǶǴҪģںǴС
һˣʦʱǶߵģʦԸǶǸĸһεġ
ҪǣǸոջˡ԰󻮣ľͰϷŽȥˣҪûȥҪˣ
Ȼ̨ܳΪǫ̈̄Щ˾͵취̨ˡ
Ĺս˵ļǰͻȻȦף¼¼һŻ˼ңлиרŽģսΪҵоӣľȡȲ裬ˣ˼¼ǽһüɫ裬ȫ¼ˣȥʱ򶼸˵ĺ
ȽԺţе񣬲ŻȻһԴ
Ǳ·ˡ
ս嵹ûԼ·˱ˣնĿС졣
СѧͽݽģЩ꣬ʦѧ˲٣ȻתΪʽɻûܶĿʱ仭һܺõĹʱڣսԼȥԱĿ飬ٶȵİѵһ
Сʱ˼ѪƵģĿȥԱȥˡ
̨Ľûô˳ʽ𲢲ԣȻԸǮģ̨Ǳ߲ҶգҪնˣ̨ױܿգ˵ԺװΪ̨̣ġ԰͡ʫʴ͡Ŀ
սΪ̵ֶŲ̊ĻʽṩߣȻһĻȨ
ȺĿĵһЩ뷨ȻְŽĿ뺯ʼĵСѧУУѧУľӢٶμӱ
ڼŵͬʱڱֽϿ˱ʽбõıֻҪдˣʼĵ̨༭ˣһһڻظ֪ǲʱ䡣
ڸ趨˳͸㣬ֻģܵ¼ƽĿ
ǵʳޣɺ³ˡ
Ҫǣս廹ҵ˽֣˼Ž״Щ״Ǹ˽ֵͼµģԺҪǱصѧУʱЩ״Ϊǳɹѫ£ںͱ˵ľУӵиơ
һʱ䣬Ϊ궯
԰ãϾרҵ̫ǿˣͨû취ģǡʫʴ͡ȴһһкӶлıѽ
ռҲ궯
ΪģֻΪڵļСС㶼Ҫμ԰

171 

εҪμ԰, ĩһһȺʦʦǾͻˡ
еĹŹģҲн˾ţѡȥĵӵ, о͸ɴھųϷ, ֮, һԺڵĺܡ
Ǽĩ˯, ŸھͿɤ
İԲ͵ش˸飬˲˹
ˢһߵӱһѾ·İţ, ȥڿȥ
İĺ, һˡ
˼ҼˣȥðɡԴԺƿ´, λƵȥԱߵˮ
ԲԲǹڴ, ƿ, ͷʿ
峿Ŀˬдˮ, ֻ˯գȻѡ
ӻ·ֱСսסԺܣ顯, һ, û, ԱߵĴƿ, 廪̽Դǳʲô, 軹˯ء
ְ, ǿȥôӣס͡
ôһȥ˼Ҽ
廪Ȼǲġ
ʱʧѣԱߵľ˸Ƿ˵еİɣǻȥɡ
ðɡ
Ҳ֪ԼҪˣЩ衣
ԲԲԴȹǹȥε磿
У۾һһѱסԲԲĸ첲ԲԲҺãǸ
ͷ˸ۣƵԼסԺߡ
˳緹緹Ϳʼĩҵһר־κ޷תעԲԲдҵҲ棬ȷΣֻ̬аһˣд־̲סڵĶ
һֱ磬ڵȺʦʦǲŸǡ
˶߹ˣһֱй۲İЩԸֵһ͵ȥεȥˡ
һžͿεʦļලԲʱһңʦһͦ
εһݣ˲ָֻ֮ǰ״̬
ڽժˣŰ֡
ϳ˯þɡ̴ӿڴץһﶼ˵㡣
ûУĶͦġһǣͷεεǡ
˵ȥ̨μһʲôһ缸ʦĶˡ̶ԡ԰鶮òֻ࣬ǰĵӳһģģԼѡĶãֳƴ
԰
ԲԲĻͷε
֪ģ԰͡ʫʴ͡Ƕ⣬֮ǰĿԼͦԶģû뵽εȻμ԰
ԶԣǸ԰
ժŶǸ̾治ͬˣʮǰ˭뵽⳪ϷĻн찡
ʱ˵ϷˣµͷˣеãȥˣܱסģҲܵĥ˭뵽Ȼе̨ȥϷѽ
ε˸ʱ򰡡
˿ֿ̣˿ѵε
ʶʱεһһһһЦ˶صζΪ˱Σٳˣ³̫ߣԺ󲻺ϷΪ˱ɤӣκδ̼ԵĶҲԣ±ڵɤӡ
εҲ˼ˡ
һ˼ңСͷͷĿһ
ðεҪ̨Ϸˡ
ţͦõģε粻ҪһõϷԱô
ԲԲϴ֣ԱͿ˪ĦֹؽڣȻҾȥ٣ʦ˵ˣ껹и£Ѿұˡ
ţͣԲԲ硣ȣ廪ĳĽζ
ܵܶĿ꣬ͷһظоãˡ
ϲĶܶ࣬Ư·ΣÿһܸȤÿһҲóԲԲϲС٣ֻڻججģ֪Լǰķ
һʱ䣬Ȼеֻš
ææȥս壬ȴְͷͷһ飬Ķ档
ѾСˣȻȥŰְ衣
Ƶڴſڵ̨ϣһûһµýʯͷ档
εѵˣ̳ˮͿڵСһįڴſڣƺЩ˵ӣ߹ȥߣôˣ
ε磬ϲϷô
ϲεһ£ҴСʦϷһ㣬ѧŵɤӣͣô꣬Ѿϰˡ
ԲԲ;ҲԼϲģֻңʲôᡣ
ɥĴ
εץץԴ˵ǵǶɲ˽СŮ˼
ᱳʫôҪǻĻһμӽĿȥҳϷμӹʫʴε˰ôж
ȴû뵽۾һ˵Ķԣ
Ĳ˵Ǳʫ϶ǿԵġ
ллε硣Ȳˣ͵վƨɣεӻ֣תˣεеסˡ
վˮһԴˮĻȥˡ
Ѿʼֽұˡ
սæˣѹûǹԼҺӻᱨμӽĿȵų֪ͨʱ򣬲ЩãȻĿŰ㱨ˣ
ţһȥμӱô۾˸Ź⡣
ս忴˿֪ͨʮźţ²Ŷα쵼ʶΪ˱ӣ費ܳ档
ʱʧ͸
ҪСȥսߣһŮԴ
ðɡ
ƲƲ죬ЩƵ̾˿
սǸıŮСˣȥμİ佱񣿡
á
һ⻰˲ɴ۾һõһģ
սСȭͷǼᶨȻĻȥȥˡ
˵ѵİһƻͦģԲԲϣ̲סĹעһ顣
ڸСССѧ
ѧУҲܵӰ죬ζ˱йʫʣɸСѧѡ͵Ķ飬ͰбĻͬ滹ѧУ֮֮
һʱ䣬Сѧţֻɽ۽İơ
ļƣսǶʱסˣĵսˣսȻǸ߸˵ĽӴˣ䱸רŵ¼ңΨһһ̨ӰǸĿ顣
Ļ˵ָʲôʱڵϲء
ôһ˵ȺǸɴԼװ޶ӣ¼һǽװһÿ¼ʱ򣬻µĹӣҲǸɸɾģˬˡ
һڣܿڵ˲ǰ
ѾСһûսĲһ̲סİս˰칫ҡ
һӣͺĸ̾Ǿڡ
ս庩Цһ裺ⲻǲ쵼злҵΣǾĽ찡
ڶͳɣôȥ̨أ
ݺݵƳһս壬ֽӹݹĲ裬ѺõϢ
ս£Ҳû취ǲ֪ҳиСȥʱȥ̨¼ĿűǱΪ̨³üģҲ֪Ǹ˵ģ˼һ᲻Ҫ˼ҿɲʹƤֱ˼˵ͼܲסȰⲻ͡
˵󣬻ױģ̾˿

172 

Щͷۡ
ûµ, ߾׸ģ첻¡
бµ˰, ְڡ
û˵, СյڿǱ߿ûϼ֣ƫƫ˼ұ񣬱б, ǰڱоϴѧʱ򣬱߽оǱ߽
˵ȥ, ʲô, ʲôˡ
˵˼˾ľϵҵ, һרҵԿڶС
СҲضã֪ÿСգͷõһѡ
Сհ
ץץͺԴ¶
ţ
սһ, 첿Ϊ˵̨¶
֯Ǹʫʴ͡СѲμô
ŶΪ̨¶Ѿ嵽˽Ŀˡ
ǿԣǽĿڶԺǵĳɼѿǺϸ, ڰ, СμӵĻ, ʱ˳ģɱ˵ǲذ˰
սæԤ, ˳ѲĻˡ
ֻɫʱһ, Ȼ֮ǰǸ, սȥ˵һ, λ˵ĺӷŷˮġ
ս豭һڲ裺ҪǺԼԸμӣҳҲҪǿ󣬱ΪСͿԲԸԼ˼ǿӸԼԸμӣ˵ԼѧʶһŵģҲҪúòμӱģⱳһģؽĿ飬Ҳزߣ˵˼ҺԼǻء
ſ
ݺݵƳһս壺⻹û˵أһѴҡ
ҲкӣҲǵѽ
ڼСӻǺ˽ġ
뷴˵ԼҲүүˣͷӶ·ˣ־Լ˵ˣս廹һԼ˵һ͹ȥˡ
æס
Ҳͬô˵Ūͨɶģ
ǲμӸӽĿѣûҪ
սϵЦݵЩ˵Щ˵ͶʣǺܸмǣӲðǰڸһȵĵλϣҲʵûҪܴôϣǣͷûСˡ̬
Ҳ̾˿˭˵أڵ
ȳѾһĶߡ
ǡǵȳУǳһˣЩ쵼Ĳ֪ô
ֹ֪ˡ
ΨһľǴЩˡ϶ѧһ¶ȡ͵ʦɹʵ־ڷɵĿ꣬ʱ򣬻Ҳܽ˵һԼǻˣǶšˡ
˵ǳֺͺǱ߸˸᣿ʼתƻ⡣
սۣ˵ˣ
ҲǣͺǱߵĴ绰һ졣
²ֹһô򵥰ɡ
ս尵룬ûǰʱ绰ʱǱ߸ǾдСĵҲְֳɡ
ʵºĽġ
Ͼܹȫȫ뷨ߣںǲܵġ
Ǳߴ۸ӵĹϵսֻҪһ룬Դۣʱ뵽ĺôˣ˵ƽʱ˵㣬Լġ
ҳӣΪΨƬȻҪýĴͷõġ
սڲǰѵ¶һ˿į
ҪìܵĻǻĶ磬ɾĲˡ
⻰ڼʮ˵Եúܽ飬˵确̫Լ¡˵ȴǺеģעضƪרƪҶӰʵȴû̫ͻĵطҪǣרĵķûоĶˡ
ʱ䣬Сһְӡ
ζʮˣɲݣΪֻʦǣҪЩϹְֵķ졣
ټÿ굽ԺͺԺƸˣֻҪ·;ûпİԤʮЩ˽ΪƬ
սô˵ҲЩĬ
ʵϣҵҵĿǰķչеġ
ʵĺǹӪӵ˥䣬˶㣬ҵ̫ˣģǽŽ
ġǽ¡
Ҳòе㲻þ
ǱߣǲҰȥˡ̧ӣͷϵļˣ㳧ҲæĺܣϽȥɡ
սе¡
飿
κĳţȻڹʱ˵¡
عսŤͷܣ˰칫˲Ŀ⣬ֱŽ˲칫ңȥһѳڲϣҪô
ĶϢ˵ûС
üͷ
ս۾εĿŲ
˵㳧û¶ˣҪû¶Ҹɵôˣһ¶û
˲ˡ
սæڰͷæĺܣ˰
˵Ťͷܣˡ
˳ȥ칫һˣһææµµģûվڴһˣΪһļײ
ѧͽȻͼææĽȥˡ
սĬĬ˿ԼǸϽ뿪ҵĺá
ȥһߴ¥濴ȾĹѾˣ𻨴Ųڻ԰ݣʱʱ̧ͷͻү죬ĿŨŨķζ˵ĺڴүҲģŶĵûͦĵģ߽˵ﺢӵ¡
·¥ߣžһľһġ
ԭմʦ¼ӣСһȺڸϸ۲ı飬ﲻͣĻŷ־ϸȥַᷢ־ûʲôϵĹ龰
Ҳûվڴս塣
ʮ־ҵڹţսԼĽŲ¼ȥϢ˳ȥ
ߵԺսų˿
ð˶Ŭš
ÿοȺΪҵܶս嶼δڵĸоִӺǻжãȻĵ״ż˵ĿܣԸС֣ȥҳأóͷȥǵļѧǱߵϽڣһ¹ڽ¡
սˣҪεĽս۷̳
һΣ滭磬ս磬Ϸ磬˵ȣҪʷϵģݵġ
ʱһȺ˼άײҲ֪ײĻ𻨡
Ҫ̨Ӱʦȥֳ¼ƬʱƳɴӣһһûǿܴѰҵһ˿С
һε۷̳ܳɹĻպÿ궼һΡ
ҡ
Ǳֱ߲ȥˣò˵֮ϲ
ܳΪԱ̳ҲĸӵҪʱڸɲȥߣԤѹߡ
ôһ룬սʱֽȸС
ذţԱţš
ܶ鶼ڵȴȥ
սţһ¾񣬱󲽵Ļص˰칫ңʼǱʼдƻͬʱ̨ǱҲӼУѡ˼ٶ̨ˣֱȡ˻
ʲôӽ㣬ƻ㣬ɷɸġ
֮ѡĶòһͺ׺֡
ǷֱʡǣΪʡӶӳ뵱ظСѧʦͼҳǢźǵǲμӰ
ǵġ
µĽ𣬸ʡѾѡǰʮμӰ
ǶӰ˳ѡεҲ˳׼μܺСսܲսɹͿıˣضãҲı¡
˵Ů˰̲סĸȥ˸绰
żС˵ˣǵȥֳѽ

173 Ŀ

ҵ̨ҵĹʫʴ, ȫصСѧѡСѧ
ȻҲдӲμӵġ
Ǻ֮ǰΧˡ
ԼҵĺӣȻεģֻǲĶǿҪҵ꼶, Ҳûǻμӱ
սæżĿ廪æýŲŵ, ȻҲǸ˵¡
˵ʱ, £漴æˣһʰһţ˵˵⼸ӣǲ֪˵ʲô, μӱôҲ˵
ǲ, ôǵǶԶ, üĻ𳵣ҲС, ŲܰԱ̫̫߰ӡ
ɶ, ΪŮһܡ
ֻͷӣѹ׶޷ҪҪްȥ
ȥʹȥͲͳƽʱͷҲû۵ġ
Ҳˡ
ཫ޷
Ѱ˼үӵĴ, Զ׼, ̫̫ѹϡˡ
̾˿, طԼʰȥˡ
ҲԼ˻Ʊ, μҾôһŮ, ɵõֳȥ֧ȥ
ĸ˻, ǰƱ, һ·ϰźĺúõģʹ³ʱ򣬻ܡ
ûغҶɽֱȥսǵĺԺμլûȥ
սӵ绰ʱڸ˿ᣬȻֵǱ绰ˣ˵ˣϽŰɡȻ绰ͱӹȥˡ
һ˵ˣҲһ
æĽ˻䣬ųͻˣȵ˼ſڣͿѾ͸ˣεӡ
̡
սż
ʱãˣս֪λ̫̫ġ
磬ռҲףܷ·˸룬μҺ̫̫ذ
Ҳһ˷ܵתͷսһ·첽߹
սгܹȥһѱסࡣ
ñطϲøȾˣڵĸҲ̲סЦӻˣﻹвûûϸ˼ˣҪʲôֱӹá
ввˣʲôûɢУֱȥͳɡ
սæڰ֡
ЦǺǵģŵˮϴϴɣȱʲôֱӹͳɣҿ
G֪ˣлл㰡
ϲӭţȻæȥɹȥˣϣԼ뿪ʱѾ˲ٱ仯Ժӣ۵ֹסЦԺӿűȥǰĺá
ʱǶ˸죬ɶĺúóˣȻ
˵ĵģˣǻĵѧʱҸȥӾС뵽Լļͷֹס
ϴμɻڹء
аǾˡ
ս㿪ʼԺɨأǸɾģĨһУԺﵹвҶս͸ɨɾˣȻȥ䣬⵹ڲˡ
ϣ͸㿴
бķûҪ˼ҶϱķˣϰźӵģҪҲҸĵ
սΧΧȹʼвˣҵأƽҲûˣҸ׵İѵĺܡ
⻹ǵ֪֪׵ĺá
һҲͬĵͷ
ǵķһɨģһģҪһֱڼţɲ
Ҳ̫ˡ
еۡ
ս޽ܰŴӣ˾ԱԱߴ֣սһչһңϱ̫ˡ
սԼǾûãϾҲһ˸ɣƽʱĿɶ廪
ս㲻ϺãܳԾе״̬
࿴ȥˣŵϺվԱߣսֻ𷭳УĲ˻ԣ׷ԵķԺתȦ档
սˣһϴһ߻ҳ
֪ôģ˵ö£̾ҡҡͷΪضǽӣĳȥˣ֪ѹǻˡ
ڹ˼ʮ꣬Թ˽һ
̫뻯ˡ
սšĨˮرߵˮղϽȰĹԼȥ˾֪ˡ
Ǿÿϧ
עܿͱתˣô˵Ҳˣ
ţء
пճȥתתȥ
˼Ĵ˴°͡
緹սָˮȥ裬̹̾˿Ҫ˵ϱ߶ҾӦϴ裬˵ϴɣɶ꣬ϣûϴɾƵġ
Ҹúôꡣ
ãϴһҾɻȥӴȥ
սæͷҸҸպõġ
æˣȥϰɣԼϴС
֪ͱˡô˵ս廹ǵ˴гȥϰȥˣȥֵǰ´˸绰ȻҲ˯ˡ
ս˳뻹Ǹ廪ȥ˸绰
廪˵ˣҲ°࣬Ӱˡ
ս°ൽҵʱѾˣԵɫԶ׼ǴƼǱߴģƼӼҵǿѾܶһˣ˽Ӫ˸㣬ѾһȽ˹ˡ
ˣϴ׼Է廪¨ӣ¨ʮͷ
ȥƼǶĲˣ
ս°һϴһʵ
š廪¨ӣֳ棺ϲƼӼҵĲˡ
أ
ҵء
廪߹ȥ§һڣ˵Ҫúøϰһ¡
൱ҲǲŮء
СԼ̫̻ˣӶܸˣһ϶˵ҲˣҪսԱߴţӶԸ˯ȥء
ĩǰ
սͳԱǣľͽ飬Ȼټңæµ廪һȥְֳ֧ȥˡ
Ϊ˱սΪһҷɫĺһ׺ëĶͷҲ˺¥ʽͷϴǽ޻
Ӻ̨һֳ߳е˶̲סǰһ
ãʲôѽ
Ǹ׺ʮĴ㡣
ǰӣдšСǶƺΪ㡯
ãҽκ磬ʮˣǾСѧ꼶ѧŻͲ˵ʱ󷽣һ
Ǹˣֿܰðһգ
ѧ˺ܶǸŸѧģйɾĸоͷ̲סĹƽкãǸ裬ԽкãԽ𾢶
٣Ҫʽʼˡ
ߵԼվ̨վһģԽСѧԺʵСѧԹȵȣȫСѧǡ
ǵǰһӣиťһǸťǸӾͻȻǰ̨ͻɫĹâվڵϯǡԹڡ
ⲻǸλãΪٶ˼ʱ̫˻ڰûкܺ¡
վڵϯϵʾûôˣŵķˡ
ʫʱһʱش
ӵһϯʼÿ˻شʮ⣬һһ֡
ڶ⣬ʳ⣬𣬴һһ֡
⣬ݹʫʵݣдʫʱĳԼԼľش⣨֣
Ĺأŵıƴ
һսлߵλμӷɻίֳ⣬⿼ľƽʱۻˡ
Ĺһ˵ֳĹˣ¼ƺ˲ŵĵӻǰĹǣҲ۾Ĵ۾ñʳдñʳдһ˽С
սҲţŵĵ˲ͬ
ıʽǻ᲻ϲϾǽ˺սĿķģתͷܣϸ鿴ϵı飬Ƕʼ˼󣬲ĵ˿
ԣ

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ʫʴ͡ȷʵˡ
˲ܶ, ûģԡĻ׷ģԶ, ֪ʶ𾴵ģʮǰ֪ʶӻסţһؿѧ, еҵӵģѡúӶ顣
ֻж, ܿѧܳͷء
ټսĿ, ȻôһӱĽĿɲ˵Ŀô
ǣﲻܴ˺ӣԤ󣬾̵̨, ̨ѾڷŽĿǰˣˮ, ΪĿ̣װĹʮС
ս⣬˸΢ӣ֡
ʮ濴һ㶼ˡ
׼д, ׼ĸMV, ڷŸ裬ȴ, Ҳս, ϾԺҵϲô㡣
ɧܶ, űûǰϽĳҵ
󣬽Ŀʼˡ
ȫŮ٣˼Ҿ̴˶룬Сűʺͱӣſӣûʫʾ͸Ͻټίʦȫ廪ѧϵϽڣҲǺͰף֮ΪĿԿΪ˵Ǵ׻ûˣö
ӭտʫʴ͡
ڴһ˿ӵ
ƻſӣ࣬ȴڵԱߵĺ࣬ͣ¿ӣ̧־Դһ£ŸɶϽԷ
ƻæڡ
ڵĵڼţĿףȻѡϳǰŶصģ֪ʶ㣬ܶûʫ˼Ҷĳһֱĺų

ӴСѾͷÿƯ
⴩ɶѰǰ˼ҵСƵġ
ҳŲ񣬵¥ƵģԲԲģѦΡ
Һãҽκ硭ﴫСҽ
һǾǵģڶʱЦˣƣǾǵĹðʹˣ
СѧģǿصСѧš
˵Сѧÿȿԣɼġ
裬ϹѰ˼ˣǻСѧҳҪǻظɲǺǽȥģ߶ĺӰͷ϶ˡ
ѹ˼ѧĺء
ĻƻѾˡ
κʱ˾ͻˡ
ãĽͼʵĶӢƯİְ裬λȨص̫үүԶǣʱ͸żΧת棬ֺȴ첻Ը⶯ֻŪȹӵĻ档
˰ϴ˰
һ࣬һƣȻͻطüȥˡ
һѣŸ߸Ьӷҳȥ£Լ˯ɡ
裬ȥĶѽƻæվ׷ȥʡ
˸ۣȥҺȻ㻹Ϊ㵥һš
˵꣬ߡһת߳ţͳԿףѼŸˡ
һߣгϢ
̨СнӹˮˮͷСܣС壬̫үү˵ôôûпѽ
С΢ЦӰ﷭ͣүӱҪģֻٳǰˣûܹ
ʱ˵͡
˵Ҫġ
ǲλãһŶʦڵģ˵ʹˣǹϣǼѣٳǰȰˣû취ֻСܹչ˺ð˳㱣İȫ
ˮСȥҰְȥ
˵꣬һˣСæں󲽿˳ȥ
սԹڵݽģȥ̨ȿܳˣæȥ
ְأ
;ȥˡ
ս彫§ո̨Ͻô
š
۾Ŀս壺ϲվ̨ϵĸо˶ң̫ˬˡ
ս壺ѲԺҪԱ
廪ԲԲ;ֲŰ˵һȹӣһСðƵĲУҲӲˣֽ§С۸Ů
Ǹˮֻ˺ȡ
гϢ̨ǰЩǵĳɼ࣬ûرģ̨ʼ֪ʶʴʱˡ
Թ˵ķңңȣʵķͣɫ԰ף̬Ѿˡ
ǷչɰԹսֵĲ࣬Ըɻڣ̭ˣΪһĵһĵһͬʱվ̨ϡ
ɻƽʱۻĿǡ
ͺܽˡ
̨ϵ˽ţ̨µĹҲţӻǰĹҲŽš
ɫ侲һִİרעģڻش⣬ͷżɨڣܿеĺӵĸѾȦˣ·Ҫӣٿ̨侲ŵĺǡ
ĪһֻС
˰ȻЩ
׸սͷ棬ʧܿ͵˹Ȼֱ׷һķ֮һСĹھȴŰ١
õھİǣŰְֻؼңһһ䶼Ŀ֡
ûеõھĺҲõԼķ֮һСһ֤飬Ƿǵμӱĺǣõһ˵Ҳ˰ο
˼ңסȻǡ
˵ھǻ¶أȲȥˣʲôʱȥˣٺһȥ
Ǹá
ʱֺǺǵĵͷˡ
սھæ̨£
Ҳǣ֮ǰǸӿ˷ô⹦ɴඨˣⷿӺ򡣡
սʱһ㶣ЩĽƳ˰һۣүүΪ⼸Сܼҵ׶

ԼͳɣǻСأ򡣡սæܾ
Gҵľ廪ģҸԼŮӰʱˡ
ڷܶһжΪ˼ĺǣΪ廪֪ԼԲ廪ľֻŬܶԺ󣬱˵ĸܸʲô͸廪ʲô
սΣֻð¶廪˵ˡ
廪ڰ֣ԸʹˣҲ̹ʡиᡣ
սס
û뵽һ硣
⼸Сռˡ
˼ľԺõضκ÷ӣ׵δ̰

ս̲סզࡣ
ʼǰȥǲμӽִ˻ˣǵ󻹸һ󴮣֮ǰںǱ߲μӽƬĳԱȻкġ
һΣҲ˹
;ɫͬʽ࣬ǻѩ
ǵɫõɫഺĺܣСƬǴԼ·վ֮䣬Щ˵ġ
ǰսźǿ˸ᣬ˵۷̳¡
һиƬĽԱиƴѧϽʦͲĹԱ¼Ӱֳ¼Ƭʱ˶
Щȥٻ·ȥˡ
˾ôĿս壬³𵽿ᣬ̶̵ļСʱ䣬ԭЩƵķΧ

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Ҳûʶģ ֻһܿͻָƽʱľ
һ͸žͬ־ǺͷæСƬԱЩãȻžͺͬ־æµ Ǹźͷæ ȻҲܿӦˡ
ս֮ǰ ͽ뺯ĵǳȥˡ
Ӧ󣬾ԼȥӴԼĳ쵼 Щһֱ칫ҵˣЩлһЩԱ ˡ
Ͼе쵼ڳӴġ
һڵĲˡ
ε۷̳۹ڶ£ ѧս¡
սֻ׼ЩƬ쵼̽һ£ θõöǵۣ ԼԢּ䣬̣û뵽廪Ĭû죬͸һס
Ȼȥѽָ˵ͨˡ
Ǳߣ Ҳǲ˹λᣬ лרŸСѧΡ
ټġߵĲܸսӣ Ȼչһݽһӣ̳ıƸȥˣ 廪ʽĻ ̨滹ˡ
ֻǼ֮С飬 һӣʽƵġ
ս嶼Щˡ
ڿǰһ죬սڼдӡ
ԽдԽԺյֱͷܲˡ
ļǿѣûҪôŵġ廪ԱһߺȲ裬һ߿űֽһ𱳡
սҵǽţҾǡ֪˵ʲô
ֻǶ£ĪȦӵ£սȦӶ̫˽⣬ҪԣҲȷʵЩΪˡ
Ҫȥһʦ廪˵ţͷ±ֽɳվúܾûʦˣҲȥݷһˡ
սԴأһ⻰ʱ۾һæʺֽս廪첲ߡ
żѽǵôȥء
սһ㶣͵һԴӣֻԼ¶ˡ
˵ţѹİ廪һȻȥˣ
Ӹ۳ǻʱ˲ٶ˵ͳһ֣ɼﻹ˲٣ʰ鲼۵˰ȥʳƷ˵ģƷɼȥˡ
Ʒڼҿѧأ˭֪
һ򿪣Ϳ廪ʱҪš
廪æֵסţʦ
ߡƷɼŹزϣɴ࡮ߡһȥתͷͽݣҲˣǷŶ롣
Դ廪ҵ󣬾ͽо˵оţƷɻģƷû뵽ǣ廪ĲȻоת˿飬Ʒƻˡ
˵ǺԼɵ£ɵ׻˲š
Կ廪
ôˣƷ´۾Ϲ
õÿգʦʦأ廪ţȥûʦӰ
ںԺźЩء
Ʒɵͷ˼ģȻñӸϣս壺˵Ǹ˸ʲô۷̳
ʦ֪ս졣
Ӧòμλİɡ
廪ĵλζûܵ롣
Ǽͬ־˵ĻæǷˮ𣬷Ǹ㾭õĺ͸оϢģûɶѰ˼ҪҪҲŪᣬѧⶫ˼άǵöײײŻµĻ𻨣Ǻֵ֧ġƷ˵ֵƳһСޣǽΪǸ̳°ɡ
ʦ񡣡廪ڵĸƷɵ衣
ǡƷɶʱЦһ
֣ѸơȻ廪˽ĺܡ
ս̴ӰѸӵݸƷɡ
ƷȻѧģ˼ѧͲˣ෴˼ҲдС˵д籾ʫ֮ǰ֮Ա·ţȻϵĶҲⷽ⡣
ƷɿʼӣǼƣѧƵġ
湴ս
ʵսܼ򵥣ѶϢͬʱҲҪĻ屦Ŭչú͹ҽͬʱҲҪǾĽ裬ҪúĻţԺĻֵʱ򣬲ŻӵİԼǱĻϴԡ
оǲҪһζ׷ִļջҪУʮǰƯעġʧҪı緢
оͨķʽú֪໪ĴͳԼǷĽ
ս뵽ʮ󣬹Ҹǿȫ綼յĲڹȥǧ񣬻ͷñӱ֮
֪Լܸı٣ȥˡ
˵ףֻǲԼЩͬǱ˿ˡ
ս߶߶˵ãʲôʱ˶֪廪֣߬Ʒţʱʱĵͷһʡ
˵Ŀڸŷ֣Ѿû˵ˡ
˵ġǲ̫ˣսЩա
ΪӶתս磬ѹķʱ䣬Լⳡ̳еĻȨ
ʹˣҲûܾ
ƽ̨ԽĻͻᱻ
ɲҪȨҲϣԼܱ˽ܣһֵĻһҪú֣Ҫٴգϣÿһ仰˵˼󾫡
ƷɫҲࡣ
ֿ֧Ƽ˹ġ
ʧʱĻǺܴġ
µĶз⽨ɣڹ񶼷ǳõĶ
ս˵Ÿĸ￪Ŷ̶̼꣬˼˺ܴת䣬˵֪ʶӣǽյѶϢȽ϶࣬ӶˡȽԲ˵
ѧһȥأ񾭳ľټ
˵²ġ
ò˵ս뷨뻯ȴʮʵ
˵ĺð
Ų¨ַ߽Ʒɵļ򣺡ݸɵðСպúõдǹѾˣٱ˼·ȥС
ʲôҰдСյĸӣԼȥд
Ʒɽֽݻظս壺Աָָеġ
սʱЦˡ
ʦ仰Ҿͷˡ
ҲŸˣȥˣģϾڼԷˡ
սæͷ
ʱսͺƷ˽Ӵϵ˳һ飬廪Ʒһ飬Ų豭ɳϿ飬ŶȵӺڼֱû
ʱ춼Ѿˡ
廪ѾȥѧУѺӽӹһԷˡ
æȥȲˣ˶սź廪źǡ
ǴĶҪظǣŵսæӵ־ˣ廪һ׷ȥ׷˺üû׷ϣϹЦԹĻ˼ҡ
صҲ𿪰һܺõӡ
ŲӴôõĲŸԼѶѽ
ǺǵТġ
Ʒɺ˿ڲ裬һ䣺Ļ˼ҵģЩûĵĶ
̾˿뵽ԼĵĶŮ̲סܣǺڵʱ򡣡
صҵսɲ֪뿪Ʒɺ뵽ԼļŮ
һֱû˯ҹѸһһ飬ɴ౳
ֱ廪˯ҹûˣ鷿ʱ򣬲ȥ˯ڶһ磬컹ûˣϴױ·
СܰѺǽȥѧ󣬲űСС᳡ȥ
ϹЦ۾Ź⣬Ż᳡Ĵţ˿
ȻȻȻ˽ȥ

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᳡ܴ
Ϊ˻ˮ,ԽǰŻ뺯ơ
ս֯ߣĵɫġ
磬᳡ʱ,ֻзԱڷŲ豭ͷ,ӭŮͬ־Ŷӵ練,練ָȥԵĸλȥ,׼ӭӵĲλԱ
սææ,һֱѿŻ᳡ȫ֡
Ա,˾ְ,˵ż©,˵ĻǺܲģԼҲͦ⣬Ͼܲ뵽ʢڱĵλûĻᡣ
һպǽ,ǶĿ,һݵ
ƬæĸˣϾҲһ,ֻǲףΪʲô˻ôĸ,۾Ź,ƹ귢˸Ƶġ
ڼ뾩Ⱥ˴Ļ,ϢĹ򣬰뿪Цʵ˵ܲλһҵ£Ҳ̫˰ɡ
Ա,̲סһЦ㲻

һ£漴һѳס׼뿪ˣGôͲˣ˵ҲͶô
ֻᣬԴ
Ķһ䣬ת粽뿪ȥæԼ¶ȥˡ
ôһһãȻĿıӰվһŻͷͬ飺ʲô˼
ҲԼ۲죿ͬҲһͷˮ
е
ץץͷͽžͬ־жˡ
սӲĳݲú󣬾˸û˵Ľ䣬Լļóһ£ԼĸλλԱ̻볡
ظϹԱϣϻԶƣ
ҲˣϲƬƬοƬƬ̶֡
ˣ죬Ҳ̫̫ˡ
̧ͳͷϵĺϲΣ˵Ű۵ӣͲô
ðɡ
һˬǩǩԼĵƣ˳ָȡһŵơ
飬ǩԼ֣ȻӹƺЯ˻᳡һȥ͸оȻʣĿľͷǸ̨̨ǳ̿ĳÿ϶źüֵơ
ͬ־תһȦҵԼ֡
ͦԵġ
ĶӣֺǺǵЦЦ
תͷԱߵƣֶİ֣Ҳͷͷǰġ
¡
һһԱˮƿݲ裬ݸǿĻϡ
ǽϡ
ӹַϣȻ˲ֲȥϣ°ϸŪˣžûⷽķˣӿڴͳϻϡ
Ŀһϲܺ񣬿˲ʮӣͿˡ
˭û˵ĳ˼С
˵ʵݲܶ࣬۵㶼ǵĹֻûЩ¾Ȼȫ㾭÷չʱν󵨡
ʮǰ⽨ɻĿ̶̶ʮֽЩĻΪ屦
˵̫ˣǸ˵ʱˣ˵˼Ҳˡ
᳡տյλãʱƣˣսҲλøλõˣԼȥǰ쵼λ
԰ֵģǹҵ̨һλķ̸Ŀˡ
רҵ֪ʶӲַҲǿͳڶгģսȥ̨ģ᳡ļҵ̨ɵӰʦڽһϣͬټԱ͹֤ԱԱ֤ⳡԺʽԡ
һģǵԱû뵳ģҲԱݡ
ԿǰŹ衣
ߵ̨棬˵ףܵսʱսвλԱһȽ˺ǰսһǰȷԡ
ԵյķչԼδһƣԼߣչµķµľ籾θʱдĵľ籾
һλǰ飬Ҷóͽͽ
ǰͽܴͳͽܵԼѣмӼгɷֺãؼк󣬻ĳԵļĺȵģͷֽЩӸ̨ϻԾģкüְִĵӣһ֮ȡĻᣬҲегĹϵ
ǰʹˣ˵Ƚȴĺ档
˵ס
սһһ߻ԼĸӣЩԼû뵽ĵ㣬ñʼҲԼĸòǻȥڳ￪ʱȴǿó˵ġ
ǰ棬սķʱ䡣
ӣһۣȻ˷ͲҺãǾƬĳս塣
žžž
һҵ
ǰͬս̫ˣмҲ಻ɴϹЦº͵˵شҶҵɨäӰϵֵӰϵаɡ
Ҫ˵ǹڶҵδķչԼǶЩչУܾԼʷΡ
ս¸ӣϴ΢΢Ц⣬Ѹ忪ʼݽ
дº͡
ϲƬʲôӦÿʲôƬȴûһȷеıʾЩʺʮĺӿȴһʺĶͯ
Ҫһ㣬˵ӰԼļλ쵼
ɨäӰͷֵӰΪƬУ껷ӦþΣƩòƩѧϰද
̲סľ˸ӣǶ֪ٹҪٰ˻ˣǲǸǰ˶Ŀأ
Ʃ绪ŮţӰ˶ǹҵŮһֱȵĵλɴҶ֪ŮȻǿɸѧУѧϰĺȴ٣ƥ˵ĿʲôֻǵĶýôˣΪù˶ȫԻһƽŮӣһһĳΪŮ˶Աڼļжÿһ·̣ⶼǺܺõĵ㣬ͬǹҵƹĿĿĿӾĿˮĿȵȣֵ
ûʱˣҪпգһһƹС꡷
⻰һԭĻΧʱƣѹֵЦ
սѹŻϣҲЦǸյģ͸ʱ
һЦ
Цսֻһת˶Ŀ˵˴ͳա
ǰЩʱʦʱ˵𻪹ͳʧƯר£ʹİҹһǧǰĹգΪԼĲӣӶȣʧǹŹգڸ߿ƼҵҲкҪĵλ
նʱĬ
һãȻ漴ߣȻͷһ˵
Ҷ֪ǹҺҵר˶ɡ
һս޹أҪߴңйأǳйϵ֮ǰȥӣΪһȾȥ콱ǺȴҽӣʹãΪ۸߰Ʋҵ
ʱҿ˺󣬱ðһ亹ҽǻĻ屦ǻ۽ᾧΪǵĲӣڹⷢ󣬵ʱҾ뵽ʧѽһǵҽҩҲרʹڵĶҪǮĹҡ
ֽҹֽύרʱǱߣץӣļߣһ֪ôץʱֽĳǵԭȵķϸĽܸԷ
һƬȻ
λûлģֻ̫ԼĲƷˡ
ս島һ޹ؽҪĻ⣬ߵѾĿŻһתЩʱܹӴͳգ֪ЩյҪȻ㲻
ӣ콱ʱ򣬴һƽۣ˿Ǽļ۸񣬴һﶼӱֽϿҶֻļ۸񣬵Ҫǵǣҵ˿˵ʱѾˣΪղʧʹ֯
չߣͬʱҲĻˡ
Ӧô˵˼룬ҲӦýЩҪʧģͳĻ¼ȥ
ĵߣĻĴߣҲʷļ¼ߡ
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ú׳ɳֳɳǵ񡣡
Ƕߣִˡ
лҪ˵ɽţ

˵ģԼ޸ĶӡһûȾǿĻ_(:١)_
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177 Բ

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ս巢ԺŴҾ˸,Ȼȴһ˵ķԡ
ţϷ˷ԡ
ǷԾͱȽϾԺרҵˡ
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գվ˾̨ಱϹź̨֤˫ֻأǽĿ̨ϵİ۾·Ĺ⡣
ս忴̲࣬ס롣
Ҳ֪ǲӰϿԼ
һŬԼҲźԲľš
лҪ˵п˹⡣


178 

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