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⣺ִСҲΪŴ


1. [] һ   

ʮ̫꣬ƽͨǵĳɵ·ϣһȺ·üĲЯĹæµţɣŰѵõĿʱϢ

һȺԭ̫ƽƽĴһӵˣǰһ֡

ʮĴ˺ڽϵĵ̰ӣˮֱײڽεشƽ꣬ϵ类٣Ǽªķݱ壬ʶĴ峤˵˶ãټӵˣʰýʣļҵȫ̤ѵ·

߶ҪߣһֲʳȺͿŵʳŵʲô·ԸﻹеǮȥ

Ǳʲô˶ʤ죬ͷǹˣʱڲ֪ܹٴ֣ʲôȴˮȥͺˣˮֽ֮ｵ٣ָĴִѣ䵽ʱ򱻱ߣԼߣj

ƽСС鶼Ǵ峤ԳҴµǶԸŴ峤żһ뿪峤ҲûҵΣɰÿҹҹÿһٵʳչ˵ÿһԸ뿪·Ĵˡ

ıܿȺˣڲ֪Ҫ߶òҵ·ʳҪģǲҳ̫Ҳܶţÿһٵķɴ峤ΪǷ䡣

ǶҪԵĶһ㣬Ů˺СֻܳԵһ㣬·ҲɵҰһȥˡ

۵ĻҲ˵ͷԼһݡ

峤ѹһСˮţݸԼĶӣ

ȥشȥû

峤ĶǸˣûнӹԼҵĶ̲סʵ

ĻҪؼҴô

ԥ£ǱԹ

˿ˣû࣬μֵܱڸ·ģⶼҪŲסˡҪɣ

峤ҵĶ˼ѣÿһݿҪȥӼһûгϺȲŵشɣʳʡˡ

峤ԥãûдӦ

ٿɡ

ؼҾֻʣһˣܲ˼Ҷ˸

峤ҵĶӲòϣشǸĺӣؼҲǿһҡ

ص趼ⳡˮȥģֻʣʮشɣ۵Ĵ˴Ÿһ˳شɲǸׯں෴Ǹ޸֮ĶˣĸŴ˰µ·Ӳеĺ֧Ųסһ

ûȰ峤˷ʳЩ˼˵ϸһҸ·Ҫ峤ȴЩ˵Ļһص軹ŵʱ࣬˼һ߾Ͱ˼ҺӸ·ߣֲ浽ɽˮĵزشɿǴ֮ΨĶˣ˼ʶֵģ

˿ûȫģ

ǻڴǵȻνϲ飬峤ĵҪȥѡǵǵʱһʶֶĶ뵽µĳҲõ˵أ˼ҵʱԸְǣǿɲӵ˻

һμᶨҪشɵҲѾˮıԼҶˣֱԼžֱߵشŵĵطһ߰ʳչشɵμֵܣһشһ

ɽ𣿡

糿ԺѹǸι˵űҪЩ

Ƕشɵĺֵܣص赱ҲͶԼҶһãǼҶؼʳǵģҪ֪ͼǸиĺӣһõġ



֮Уһ߶߶Ľ뿪ǱԼҪ˯ۿ˵˭ŲƤصֻֻ̧ܿԼԼͻȻֻԴۣڱ˺һǰֹƬΡ

ȵڿ˷ֲμֵܵչ³Լĵһٷʱۿֹסʪ

ʣӦǴԽˡ

ɫͳһԴյĻձһȥͷŢ֮·棬ֺóֺĿս㱻һȺƶ·ͷһȺִؤĺ棬ﴫļкͻƣ̫ʵʵƭԼ˵Ρ

ţһڶʮһͱҵûҵոСɫ־꣬һ˯֮һŴ縸ĸ˫޷ĵʮѵ񡭡

һһܿչŴ񡭡

ΪһĿͲԴѧֻʣʷ֪ʶǺã

ȻִҲһ޸ĸĹ¶ֻҪ뵽Լܶôõҵѧϰô֪ʶΪһԽû֮ءž;Լһ

һߣشѲҳԵý˵Ĵ峤μֵȴԵúǼһһģشɴӵȥһֱԵʱ鶼˸

趼Ѿˮˣү֪Т˳ĵʱ򣬺úðãȥѹȥٻȥʬǣܱȵʱүӰҪá

ͷӶѾˣֵֻһӣ峤˵ҪʳãֵܾͰǶҲȥˡ

Ѿ˰µ·ˣ峤˵ҪȥǣʥסĵطгԵкȵпסĵطֻҪһͶ

ʵĲпǰ⼸жԭĹĵŵǹ뱻һƵȫûˣΧһҹеĴϴɽˡۿ˱ûкʬ֮˾ǱһμֵܵĻǱû

ʼһҲʣĳÿ峤ָʳԼӲִҽѧʶԼºȵЩ֮ͲٿμֵܱŸ·ˣԼͽţŮ˺ͺѧϰʶ·ߵӲЩǿԳԵģôڳܹ

ȻΪʳȱһһݣҲۿɼıԽԽһʼ߼·Ҫһ·ҹܹһҹ

ȻźܼѣǱҸԸš

ҪúõĻţͬϱӵһ𣡡

һֱ߱ŵѧϰŸԼ·һ߶ݺݵš

ڣֹ˰£ǵִǵĿĵء

ǡ




2.  ڶ   

һֱ˳ſڲ֪ԭμֵܿеġʥˡִָΪʲôʫʥʥˡ֮ʱνʥָľһˡ

ӡ

νʥסĵطȻָľӽ£һҵ׶ĳнǡ

ǸĹңȻڱű׵غʹһƺΪ

Ǹĳ͢ʮ꣬ʮǰսҷ׷ɣгĿʷһããĴϳһһľӽĹͳһһԼҲڵĽ

ԭشɵļ֪񽪳λʵǿʵۣһֱڲҺⲿԣһֱǰҵĴ󻷾㰲͢Ҳʼȡƾٵֶڸѡ˲š

شɾ±Զص͵Ψһ˽ġ

ַǰشѾ˽ˣܹȫе֣Ҳܶ£Ȼдòÿһһܹ˵һĲĹٷԣһмҲȫԭŸһԶ̳ˡ

Եһſڣδ֪һгǰҪΪȥŪôǣǸڳʲôʱŵʲõվ˳ʹ峤һȥ̽ǰ·

سǵʿܺ˵СҲ飬ڿ˳ſŵĳ͢䲼йˮֵʩ֮ŵ̲ס¶顪

˼ѵ¶Ծ̶ֳȣִҲú˲ˡ

еʷһһĹһλӢľһȺΧ£ھߵ־֮ʿǼ˼棬Ŭҽĸãðչϸõ

ξҲһ

ʾ˵ʥ˽רЩģٵڵˮͱһһǶӣʥ꣡ķڷػš

ʥ꣡˸Żš

ʾϻ˵ʥרΪ׼˵ⷿڳڣֻҪڳݵǼõסĻͿȥǮ˵ⷿˣ˰µķ⣡ʥ꣡żһߺ

ʥ꣡ҲؽŸߺ

ʾ˵ˣȼҹȥǿԼѡڶǻǷԭԭйٲʹһȥڶǣйõΪǸʥ꣡

һθŸߺʥ꣡

֮תɫΪĻԱѾųһõС֯ͬѵźöӣһһˮ͸ɱǼǻȻⷿ

õСصԼĻ֤


䣺ʮ
ԭʡ̫ƽƽũ
ּ
Ϣ

֤ܹڶ⵽͢ṩⷿҳҪйܹڳڹһĹŴӦùˡ

ŶʱԼʵҲûô

ȻʲôƼСҲûʲô񹦺Ľָߣʳ׶ûУս޲ʤĽҲû취ÿƼıҵûһҸͶԽʱиһȺһŻյĹһ÷չˮƽȶĹҰ

ǸϲʲôԽܶûɿ԰ʱ˵ʽʱԼӡ

ɣ

Ź֡

ȵŸһ˳ǣ⵽ν۷Ҳ˽⵽еۺ淽ʽ֮žԼղŵЩ뷨ֱ棡

ȻԱԺЩʷϵڶڰյ˵ٵˡ

ΪҵĹϳ˼

ʲô˼أ

ŵӡŴԲͬҵвͬĵȼб׼νʿụ̃ʿҲǶߵȵģ͵ȵģͬȼ˴ͬɫ·öɫ·ܴסլͳƣٷǲ˺˵ĺӲμӿƾٿԡ

ڽһжڣ

ʿܵ͢һЩƶȵŴ˵ȼλ˵ûˣһԲμӿƾ٣˺Ϸְ֮ҵҲٱעΪְҵɷͨһԴɱһҪ

ͬʱյĻҲͼڹŴС˵ŮĹŴС˵ﾭֺǿƶȣֻǰվסڳڻڽ⣬ũ廧ͳл

˵ŵĵƶȷⶼˣǣ

ⲢžʱĶˮˡ

ЩִʱǸΪ˵شأŵŴǰ·ϵ谭Ǿǡ



˵ڶԴѾúܵλˣÿǵĸṩ۵ס˰µķ⣬Ǵǳʷֱʴȵĳ͢ˡ

ɼܲסǸ

ѵʱŻûأԭشڳܲסĴ֮£Ψһһ·;еĿǺøǶμֵۼֿ̹ģ˵ǻһ·ûУҪ˵Ǯļҵˣ

ȵӳˣǮֱҪ˵ʱŻعͷɵ۶ˣԼһǮûа

͢ṩⷿڴĶȷʵˣһǮǮȥסջֻסĸϣɼ۸֮͡

ʹ۸ҲͲ

źܱķ֣Լĸһܹסµ֮ⷿʲôûˣҪ̫ƽĹŴúûȥ֮ҪҵһݿάԼƵĹ

Ȼûôĺң

˵Ƕһ㶼ң

ĿǰȱĹЩ˰˻ķʲôġ

һͬǵĴ˺ܿҵԼܸɵĻμֵܾ͵ﵱ˰˹˻ңִĿԱеѡ˵һȥֵأеһ֮ȥľߵ֣Ψһˣڰ˿еԼȷûϵƭ֮󣬷Լһ·һûҵ

ԭǸûʲôسˣ䲻ಡȷʵûɹʲôЩҪĹȻȥ˼ҲĹ͸ֲˡ

Ҫ֪شֻһʮɣˮƽƽԳƵϴ󣬵ڶǣһۼī͸߹Сĳڡ˷Ϲˮƽ

˵ȥԼ˷ˣȥ飬˼ի̫īˮ̫ٲҪ

ڶתһȦҲûҵԼ飬žԼ˵Ƿϲ񱾲ˡ

һ뵽ԼֻĿסµķӣĽòԼϱӵļȥ

Ʋõʷ֪ʶͼǵò̫ʽͻѧʽ˼ȥԼŻǵÿǰԼǷݹ



ϱӵְҵһܹΪְ֪ҵȻعôأҲְ࣬ҵҪԼݣʱʱװݣҪѧϰּӦԸ⡭

ְҵֽ˿

ְҵ˿

ǰǵĴڶڵһְҵҪ쵼ͨ˿׷ǣϹ˾;ȡ

һʼһְҵ˿ֻǸʱϴѧ̸˸ŮѣǡŮȥμѡĿΪѣȻȻԼŮѵͷһ˿Ϊ˰ԼŮƱӮñʶذߺϲԼŮѵķ˿ǾۼΪһͷԼŮƱ֯ӦԮ

ȱŮѵ˵뾭͹˾ǩԼ˾͹˾˦ʲôҲûеԼҲһ͹עľ͹˾ߣԺؾͱƸóһ׷׬Ǯְҵ˿

Խǰ˵ǸҵСɳʵָ׷Ǵӹڻ˹⣬Ϊ˿ԼȻҲͬˮǴˡ

ŵ˼ȻҪŴȥһְҵ˿

ͷǶûо͹˾ڣǶ벻Ÿҵְҵ˿ʹְܵҵ˿ְҵ˿ʱ׵ļȴǲð

Ҫһϸķ˿˿ô򵥵ġ

ҪPSܸżPĺҪửܸż񻭸QǾ͸ˣҪѧ֪ʶҪ֪һ˿Ⱥ͹һҹ˾࣬㻹ҪдС˵дͬˡָżۣҪϷὲ¡ڱҪʱžͷ׷·Ͽɸĸ˹£

˼ȥ뵽һڹŴͬԼǡö˼ְܵҵ

˵ˡ




3.     졷

ֻҪϵ㵵εľƹݾ¥˵ˡ

˵ˣһڶǸոְҵżµӡ

ν±˼ĳĳⱾ˵ԣǰʮ곯ֲȣһҪдһҪƽڲңֱ곯ֲסյҲϡ

ڽ±֮󣬲ϸԣİǿʼϣܵõϵ㣬Ȼڴеʷϸ۲֮ܽϢԼǲ֪ʲôоʲôʵģֻ֪ǵǮ˳Է֮˶࣬ҪöǮ֡

ĵطǶķͼԺǮ˵ֳĳĳһҹĳĳΪĳ¥ͷһǧʲôĶǳе飬СЩ˵Ĺ£ûǱĵ

ͨĻûôǮȥķͼԺİǸϣҵһڿʱԼȴֲỨôǮ

˵ˣӦ˶ġ

˵Ҫǽ£Ǳ¥߾ƹݵϰרڴеλãһƵľľһװõȣһõڵĲ裬˵˾Ϳ򵥵ĳ衢Լһ;տݼڳ˽Щϲ򱯵Ĺ¡ȥܹ˹ϲŭ֡

ֻɱֻͣͨҪһǮһǮܹڴһϯ֮أһһ˼Ĺ¡˵˵λȻ¥ϰ߼۳⣬طļ۸ȴгۡ

ڷӵ˵˵ľ¥Զľ¥֮󣬶ֻҪЩǮܹ˵˵ľƼҶ׷Ƹ棬źһϸ˵ˡ

ϧ˵мС

Ҫ֪˵˿ɲǸ򵥵飬ǷŵִҲ˶ܵǰ˵ݽߡ˶ԳΪһС˵ҵģҪ˵ʶձ鲻ߵĹŴˡ

ܹһ£˲ţǻܹڼ򵥹µĻϼɫݻ˵˲ţһ

ְִֻܵҵ˿ŷ֣ʮ֪ʶӵᾭԼʱΪһ֮ˡ

Ĳܲϸ˵˵˵ġʵĹ¡ڿôӾС˵ӰԲٵдͬ˵⡣

˵меڣסԼԱߵμֵܽһСǮһײûд򲹶·ڵڶԼʰ޵ģ֮ʣǮֵȥˡ

Щ˵˵ľ¥˺˵İ׿ˮһ˵˵Ĺ£۲ôµģʲôĹ£˵˵ľ¥λãȻؼһ磬ԼҪĹºͽµķʽ֮һװš

һΣȥӦƸġ




Ǽ¿¥ſڽòֵʱʱĽкٻعͷԼҷϲ˹ϡϡĿ˶һ¿ӶüĶתͷȥǼ¥ֱ޲öһ

ϲ˹ڶһϲ˹ˣǰǰʱͿϴĲף£񷽳һѾǵʮˡ

ɾһսҶٵֺŲ˹ݣȴžӪΣһж¥ϢϢء

¥һ¿Ĳ͹ݣȡԿĺ֣ӿҵ첻µʱ䣬һʼûаҲ͹ݷǷϲ˹Ǵô꣬ʲôûһ¥Ҳһġ

ʵ֤Ƿˣȷ¥ϰɨسŵͽܵʱ¥ѾҲ˹ݵĿ˸òˡ

¥ϰǷĴͽܣΪ˲÷ŵĶָϳʦţǵõʱλʦ뿪ʦŵʱǷߺ޵񣬲صѡڷϲ˹ݶ濪¥Ŀľʲô

ɼʹ֪¥ʲô⣬Ҳֻվɿš

ʦֵǾںʹĥģĲʽͲȲϲ˹ݵĲ˿ζˮƽǻ˵¥Ĳ˺ó֮⻹һ

һõ˵ңӡ

ңǶֵ˵˵λʦֵͬ磬ӲӼ˵Ĺÿ쵽˳Էĵ㶼Ը¥ڹ½βԲʱͷȲʺù·ˡ¥ԷĿǺ治ѡ

ʱ䳤¥ķϲ˹ݿɲˣ

ҲûԼҲҸ˵Ҳ˵Ŀζֻ࣬Ҫҵ˵ñȶңӺõĲˣ

ǵ˵ûѧңһ׳ɳģӼ˵Ĺ½һ㣬ǿңӼֱǵڡ

ǳԱ˳ŵĲŸڵĵؽϽа壡

ǷƸʾȥһˣȴʽѵһˣˮƽҲλңûȡ

ôһ룬ֱ̲סҪðѲ˵ȥǸңӺǸҵʦָˡ

ʱ򣬷ǰһӰ

ϰ壡˵𣿡

ǸӰ̫˵̫ᣬڷûҲûضŶ¥

ϰ壡˵𣿣

ǸøˣվſڵķһŵͷǸָſƸʾ˵С

ǵģС

ǰ⺢·ãϳǸѶûԭֻΪ⺢ʵǡ

̫̫ˡ

ݵƤǣڵֻ۰ǰ׵ġ

Ϊ⺢Ӻڵþȣ˾ѿֻ˸еϧͬ飬ΪϵΪһ۾ܿѵļ

ϰ壡Ҫ˹ݵ˵ˣ

Ǹִ󺰣һڰѷˡ

Ҫ˵ˣ

ǺӻؿڵߣдŻɣĻƺŭǰĺӣǺӸһϴ

ϰ԰ɣҿԵģ

Сҹºãҹºһ֣ǮٸģһҲҲ

ϰ壡£֪еģ



ûǸݺݺȵĺӾš

ΪͶ·ˣǾԲңӶĲ˹ӦƸôûòں͵ؿ󣬵˭ķչȫŵԤڣ

ŵ󣬻˵ôĳҵĴԽС˵Ϊִ˵ִĹµŴ˵ĵӦƸһ˵ˡ

ѵӦһͰ©һ˵Ҫ˵һȺϰһѷӿ

ʵأ

ʵѾһˣеĵϰڵʱͰˣСӲãһ˵Ļᶼû

ϲ˹ѾһᡪΨһһ˵˶ԸȥַǳҪһ˵ĵط

ȱǮȥڵ뷨Ҳֻ˵ҪǮĹǮģҪ͡ңӶҲӲͷƤӦƸˡ

ɲٱܾˣ




⺢ڵͷۣԭڵԷǵϹ˿ͿſⳡҲ⺢һᣬһ룬Ҳˣǲ͸⺢԰ɡ

ôţǺںݵĺӽ˲˹ݣõСڳһŸɾӣ˿ľ嵱ľ

͵⺢һˡ

ž

űŵһ飬ͼղŻǰôѾǸλϣһǾľһ֮ǰƤЦһģؿʼ׼Ĺ£

µֽ

졷

˵꣬ҡͷԵسһ׷ǳĸ裺

ͷ~һƬ~~һ~֪~ֻǲս

ԭͼžĲ˹һ̱øӰˡ

ʱ޷νִиģϲϸСһһһӣһȺ˱۱һֳм任˶ٵת˶ٸ䣬ϸϸƷζеС

ֱֲִڵҺҽУڴҵĶֱ

ԵŰһ׸質꣬ǳһȷǳΣ

ĺΡ




4.     һݹ

ѡá졷ΪԼҪĵһ£Ȼɡ

гΪңӿĺͷеĶǲӼ˵İ£ʲôһةǧ֮ģԵôûֹµĶ߻صģ֮˵ҲֱӸ磬ģʮ£رĻҹӹµĸı棬˵µ˵˲ͷһĽͬˡ

ŵȻ֪Ҫҵ׬Ǯ·ҪôǸִЩװóһҪô辶˵㲻һʵĹ¡

˼֮ѡ˺һ·

û취̫С

ʮͣǷڹŴҲֻǸĺأĴ»Ըſڱտ鰮ֻ˷Ц

Ȼ鰮ѡĹ·ΧСˣ˼ȥѡԼǰȣһֱҲɱǻĹװӾ硪졷

졷ڵǸʱʷ٣ڷŲйλʷٵĹ£صжһǶϰԩٴúڣͷһ̺ۣҲ̥ǣǰһ˹һŴɫʣǡݺݵģƣҲײС

ҪǣΪű˾׷ĵһǾⲿӾǵԱԶӾ磬赽鵽̨ʣ˵Ǳù졣

ڰ￴֮ΪӾꡱ˶ֱ֮󣬡졷ĹҲʽС˹ݿ˵ˡ




®ݣֵļϣͻȻ䴫

͵ҵǮ£ϲץһ˵ִ

˭˭ǮˣңѵϡǵǮ𣿣˼ûѿ漴¿ˡ

úõļֳС͵ΧһˣһѷȫΧָָ㡣

⣬հи˼ңعͷͿϵǮûˣʱֻ̯λǰ㻹˭ǸС͵

ϲȻʹ󣬵˵ȴһ仰Ͱ˵ˡһߣλһҲС͵ץӣ˹ϲֻ֣˵ԼôôǮһˣո֣ûñ˵Ǯ϶ǱǮ

˵ԻΧ۵ȺҲ֪˭˭۷׷ס

ϲһܾԼ͵ǮҪòˣƹˤ

ҵǮˣ͵˰ɣ͵˭͵ģ

ϲ۾Χ۵ȺˣȺ˽ŵòУ±ϲ͵Ǯ׷׺ˡʱȺͻȻ߾һֻڵ֣һȺд

֪˭͵Ǯ

ţǸС˵šһݺںڵȺ˳ֻŴֲѣͨͨģȴŵЦݣϲȰԼ·ƽȻ󲻻ŲæϲǸҾֳΧȺҾ˵Ĵߴ¿˿ڣ

Ҿϲλɾ˵Ķеɾ棬Ƕˣʵڲǻģ

һ仰˵ΧȺڵҶͷŷӣŷ

ϲǮûҲʵǮܲԼߵģõġҿҲ͵Ǯ

˸ŵͷ

ȻˣǾֻһˣ

ʲôܣΧȺڱ˺ġ

ϲǮһǡ͵ģ˵ţָڵϵĻ

ԣͷִ͵ģ˵Ի

˵꣬Χ۵ȺڶʱһЦ

ûг֣ô͵Ǯأ




ô͵ǮأҿǸɾ͵ģԼ˵ԼǸ˭֪ǲѽ

ǣ֪֪治֪ĵģ·˵ҼݵҶҪһأ

Ҳһ˵Ⱥ͵ģϰ˵أ

ԭڽʳǺںݵСһѹ½׷װԼľƺС˰ᵽ˿СӵϣһʼڲˣǺ˵͵˼ҵǮ֮һȺʳ˶ˣֱӾ˭Сչۡ

㶵ڳϣԭڽʳȫΧ£ߣֿ˿ڲ˹̽ͷ̽һĹ·ˣжʱȡ

Ⱥ룬Ǹڽµĺһӣֲӣײ࣬Ϊ󷽷ģȴ˾òʡλվ¶һŵЦװԼӾһֻģָֻ

ҲҪЦ

һ仰һģԭ۷׷׵ʳǶʱôЦԭſ̽ͷ̽ԵĹ·¶ķ׷˽

ʲôôЦҲЦһЦ

ְϲ˹ݾȻҲ˵С㲻Ȼûǰ˵

ԭͶԷϲ˹ݺϤʳǱ¥ߣһ¥ˣٻͷԼһֱй˵ķϲ˹Ҳ˵ʱ˷һ߽˹˸ԼϤλţˣһ߸˹ݵķϰ巽к

˵ҪʲôΪʲôҪ

˵ͺСô



²ſûãգۼ䷽ϲ˹ѾϯǰµʳĵظĿռ±Ȼ׷۸ôҳС͵

һʱ䣬˹ݾȻУСһǰ󣬰һôæµæµûϲ˹͵ĿǱȺ˸һ㡣

ԣΪ˵ӦƸͨˡ



졷ƪСʵʹõưַǳ򵥣һڶװﶼ̴ַŰ裺

һһͰˮ
ڶҸһǮͶˮУ
һָ֡ǸͭǮͶȥˮϸһ͵ľ֣

ȻǰϲǮһͭǮմͣΧûһϻմ͡

ͷһ̥ǣ̺ۣáĽڣ֮ҪֳΧȺҪһöͭǮ͸·뷨ȻʶǵİͰ涪һöͭǮ˳㸽һۣΧȺڰĴͷҲ׷ˮͰﶪһöͭǮˮͰݵǸϲץסǰװνģ涪һöͭǮ

ʹˮиС͵Ҳץסˡ

ûǮϲǼʳһˣµʳǶ֪⣺

ˣʲô֣

Ǹֱͦ˼ǵ

°

®ݰ



ִӾϾ͸С˵֮ںˮϢʱ֪ԼƸãϰԼ׷׷ܵĥڳڴµǡ

֮ںڵİȺɢȥȥлưַİ꣬Ҳͬ®ݸĹӹߣͨ˵ĶԻѾȫڹĹ͸¶ӹߵİĺԼͬһԺͬݹϵ

ţͨææͷǡƻһıɱľ˽ʾǰļͥҽȴҲͬʱסʧȥ׼ƶٸưĴǡ

ܿ죬ԼĸͿκף;®ݣͿ׵̫ڵڷһµ永Ļ

˵ߴʱԭһ˵ĺգۼ¶һƤشźͯЦݣչҡҡλΣȻ˵Ǿ仰

Ҫ֪~»طֽ~

˵꣬ԹԵ뿪ԭȵλȥҷϲ˹ݵϰ巽̸нʴȥˣ˺޲ץһƨɵʳǡ

ôûˣСɾҪ߰

̫ˣ˭

ǲҪˣ

ôĳϻô˯ţСɾҪӴ



һѱԹתֶԴһҾ֪˴ǰӦƸ˵˵ʳǸæǲǻ˵飬ָôƺȻõȷеĻش

Сع֮պⷽϲ˹̨˵ˣλֽ͹⣬СӰл

ţֹ֮ǵĵڶҵԼĵһݹ

һ˵Ĺ




5.     

ϲ˹ݸſļ۸һʮǮǵ׼ۣ;ʳʹͣ͵ǮǶᾡġ

ʵ˵ҪѷһҪԭڵϲ˹ݵϰ巽ֻܲ²Ҫʱһھܾˡ

µ꣡ԭͬΪʮӶԼϰ͡

ҵɫ㣡

˵ֻôֻҪͷСﳪ׸裬˶졷˶뵽ϲ˹ݺ˵ҲңڷϰεһǿظԼƻִýôĶŷŵŴͲˣ

һû̸£Ľ˫һĲ˹ﳪ۶ҲԸһֹʣҪ֪˵һļ۸ǰʮһء

ڰѼ۸̸֮󣬶˱дֽǩֻѺ

ܵϲ˹ݵĹӶݶֻ졷Ĺ£ǵϲ˹ݵĿһ㼯ϣŵĹʱҲʱ䣬ÿ콲һֹ£һ飬ظһ飬ÿʮͭǮͳͳԼС

һӦƸȻûǮģȵʱѾŻƺ͹ϰ˵˵õĸ̨ҲҲȫ˳²˲˹ݵλãڲ˹ݵſڳ˱ǼС˵ǿҪµĸʾ

ͼܿ¡졷ȿ
˵ع֮֮

дעĿϸȥᷢŴֵ滹мС֣

һӱɱ
˹ɹͼ޶®ݣλӱɱӳ±߾Ҫҳףսһһеصѹ˰СϣǷҵףǷܰνһΣ
ڴ

ڴĺڴ

ɫĴֽϱִһд֮رֶù·˾棬Ϊ˷ֹЩ˲ֵΣɴ˸ӵһֱվſΪ·˶ݡ

ԭŻëԿִɰͨģϧڲݸϻһͷͱԼϰԡ󡢿ˣֻա

ʹˣһŹŴɲС

ϲ˹µ˵ˣҪư¡ϢһʱʹӽͷβŸʾСֹ½ܺڷϲ˹ʳǵĴƼҹĻٺķϲ˹Ϊȵŵִ﷽ϲ˹׼Ϲʱϲ˹ݵ̶ֳѾڶǼ¥ˡ

Ͻʵ࣬ڴȺʱ򿴵˲ڵʳ֪ͣȺ˴ž͸ǰѧУŮ׷컹Ҫز࣬ظ˵鵱زˣҲ˿Щ̬ĺõĺЩĿǵͷ⣬Ȼߵ˵̨ǰ£ľһġ

۾ҡͷԺܵس۶

Ҳûп̨Щʳ໥Ŷ¶ܵıʱ͵͵Լ˶䡭




ԼĶӺѧˡ

ΪԼԭ׼ʱظĶӰѻظʱƳһʱҲҪڸеʱԼҶӿждʣǸʵĵӾͺƵģֻٺ޲ס䡭

һб仯öһֲõ뷨˶÷겻

Ǹ֣ǸţλͬʱҲǽĿʵΨһĵܵܣĿǰΨһһλүĿʵǰǸͨԻΪʱ´ҡԾôȥ״Ҹ壬ʮʱ˴ңͳһԭһµĹңʱ˸ĸĶž㤵ı鿴ĹԱڳȻԼҵĹײһ붼ǣΪ˽һλү

ΪʵΨһĵܵܺͽһλүҲûй˵ڴ

ȻǶλүڣûʲôϰ߻ϺȣҲ߰Ұģڳ͢ȱ˵»ĳЩؼλϵΣһνδˮòһ²²ѵĹԱܸ˵ʱ򣬶˳ӱξֹ

ѻ⳶˵ĶӣҲСӵ顣

Сӽʮ꣬ǶΨһĺӡĻƺòᣬ类׷ѹ̫ϻʺͻֻ̫лʵۺͶӣһΪĿʵۻжŮһӣֻһӡ

ҲˣСӿ˵Ƕˣձ˶ڶҵԼһʵ۸ӷӣؾãĵط飬ÿ԰Ѻ͵ʦУѧʱܵſ԰Ѻӽӻ衣

һֱΣòξֵ飬æͷǵŲòѡε˼ҶԼҶѧҲˣһֱº󣬽ε⣬Ŵ˿зԼҶӵҲ˲õ뷨

ӵҹΪİ㣿ڶԼҶһʱظԼҹޣ
īһǧΪ˭ԲͨīĶԼҶӻᱳ˾Ǳʫˣ
ʮ꺢ͯһ߶߶֮

ԲһԼҺԼӵ±ĳЩ˵ĵطĳЩ˵һǧһȡȫԼҺֻʮ껹ûʵ

һδʹӵĿе֪ԼҺӵʱûظλλүһ֧ӣʹ˵Ǽҡϲ˹ݡȥˡ

ߣ֪ͷԽǲĵطԽϲÿûʲôôͷǺܶģ

ԺԲһԼŻӴַϲ˹ݵӢۻ棬֪͵˷ϲ˹ݵſڡ

ϲ˹ݣ˳ӿſȥѹѹһƬˣţվţڱվţֻ;ֵù֣˹ڵƣҹȴ硣ԼһӵıȺҵԼǰŵĶӣ漷ԼҺץأֻȺͻȻһ󻶺ԭһ˵̨ϳһݺݵС

һ¿һ̧˸ѹһѹƣԭĺ˲ͣȻ̨Ψһһϣһľľ˶Ϊġ

ͷ~һƬ졪~һ

ⲻǡ

ԼҶÿظ߶߶Ķô

ԭڳô

ԭôĸ

Ǹ̨ҡͷԵĺݺӣתͷԼҸҡͷԳŸԼСӣٿȫһڴƽûܵı顭

ʼǲԼ⣿




6.     ˵&үС

һֱǸݺݵ۶ĸ֪꣬ԭ⺢ӲͨĺӡǸ˵

һϲ˵ˣû˵ҵ˵ҵʱѾһԻһүһһҪСʼҷ緶

ʼҷ緶һĶĴö̲סʼԼһһܵԼΪñ˿ԻӶСιĸ磬ֵ̫¶ƻð뷨

νʼҷ緶ǼҪ¶ԼǮȨʣֲܰǮȨ̫׵ĵط

Դ˵ӦԾǣȥ˵飬ڼһȺϷӣϷ͵͵ڼ￴ϷƽʱԱʱᵽԼϷӣǮȨס

Ϸȷʵ˵Ҫ˼ö࣬һݣһ˵һʵʵڵĿһǿ󣬾ö֮ҲĲϲ˵ˣ˵Ը⿴ϷӵϷ

ڷԼҶ֮ؼΪܵϲ˹˵֮ȫԼҶӵΪɫֺÿֺϷӻһڲ˵

Ǻ質ùǺĺ˵飬Ҫתظۡȶӻȥٴϥ̸йغ⡭ȻѾȥˣ

ºѹѹһȺˣǰҲǺѹѹһȺˣȺЭȺĻѾӰԼǴ粽Уʵϳ˵СܹɵضŲȺд֮⣬˶Ѿ˴粽еĵزˡΣֻסĵСǮһֽõĿϳԵĳʳվ˵ٰԼҺӽӻظȥ

Ǻܿ졭Լղŵ뷨ˡ

˵ģҲΪ˵飬ž˵ַʽͼģһ˵˵˵˵ʲô˼

Ҿʲô˼

ʵ֤ʵǺ˼_(:١)_




ع֮˵ġ졷ʵһĹʮѺõĹ¡

¥˵Ĺ¶ǳнǰĽģŮŮֻҪһûһпܾ͵һ±ƽͻȻ״ԪŮǶӶѾ˵Ŀ֣⵼´ӿͷ׷µʳǻÿ춼ȥһͬģҲһʼûµʳȫ˵ڽʲôֻ뿪

졷һִǸԪ磬һưºһư֮䣬ͬһ֮⣬Ĳǰص㡢ֶȫһģҲ˵ȫԵһµĹ¿֮ǰİӣҲӰʳһ¡

Ҫ˵µع֮ǸʳʮѺõ˵ˣÿνǰҪһյʱ߶һ˹͹ǰ飬һ·ʳѾϰλС˵ÿνǰȳһٸɰ֪ϢʳҲһյĹ˴󲿶ӵĽܹ࣬λС˵˽ʲô¡

һյĹ֪˰ѾչЩˣ˹ռЩµĿǰЩǵʲôȻʳʹ󲿶һʼ˼˭֡

ӱɱһ뵽β˺üˡ;ָϴһ֡ɱ˸ò¼ٵ޻֮˹족ţڸ·֮£Ѽе֤ݣټˣ׼ڽҴֵİϷ֮Է

Ȼµԣ˭һ㵱ȻҪŵ˵ģڽ¶֮ǰҪ¶ֵķַ

׳ӵɵ㣬ȻٽԼǴ˭ΪǻܵŴһһ飬ɵ壬ĽطʽҲܹµʳ͵Ѿܺõص

̨ϣ˵ģǰĿǵ

һֱú֣ڣôܶйٱص½ģδӰֳӳȥģ

Ϳιף;ڵ®ݣλ׵Ļȫһ±ɱʧӰ٣ɡ

̲סʳһͷʱҲһ㣬ĺֵ֪ôġ

һֱϣҺ͹һӹٱصİֳһͷſ߷ֱվͬĹٱŻ𰸷죬ҲػͷʱҾ;Щ֣֪ˣ

̨ϵġ˹һţڵ˸ǻ۵ĹâָסԼĻȻţ

ʹ½ͷͽҿӦһģٱְӦһµģͱϣҿ򲶿ŶŰֳվһġ

ǰ죬ؼǵſڵĸˣұߵȴˡ

ˣ

̨ѳڽҿյеһʳ̲ס˳ҲͷȻ󷢾Լ̬̫ңҪסһΧʳͶһ̬ȣʱ־оԼҲûʲô

̨ϵ˵ֱӽӹ̨ʳ͵ش

һˣǶһˣ

ûиʳǷӦʱŵ

˵챾Ӧóˣ

ִһʼѾˣȸӻص㶯ɱȻź󣬵˳һŵʱ򣬼װԼǵڳӵĹٱֳеһԱֳû˻ỳɣһֱϣ˰츺ò֪һ˵챾Ӧó

δε̨˵̨꣬һֲõԤУܾǸֹԸŵǸˣûüͼ̨ϵ˵ָһƬ޵

Ǹ˾㡪

򲶿죡

̨µʳһƬȻǡҲҲ˵Ŀ϶Ǵġ顣

ûϰ硰˹߱֡ɵĵĶʳͷһҪ֪Ƕ³򲶿øжȿǺܸߺܸߵģ

ع֮Ŀе֪졷Ȼ˹ǰ죬ưʵһСӣǵľһưȻ湫ӹǿ϶ڵģ⣬ʳһֱĬ򲶿ҲеһԱ

Ҫ֪λ򲶿ճʱǴӵɽϽ˷ˣ®ݳǱؾ֮·׶˿ʮɽˣ׽ɻ书®ݳǹϵĵһ

ˣӢ˹ĹϵҲܺã˹Էи˹Σ֮䣡

ˡ

õһˡ

ôأ

ԩ޳ΪʲôҪɱǣ

ʱιսѶô飡

ѶԹλ򲶿øеŹµŮԽܣ׷׷ʾ飬ȺĵװΪЩľһ£Ҳϣλве¿µ򲶿졣

̨ϵ˵ع֮ȴΪ·ϵ˴ҵķӦһһĸĴ𰸣

Ȼֻ֣ʱ

ԩ޳𣬿ιˣɹˣιɣɹļϸȻɹ

˵Ϊʲôˣǵһ򲶿Ϊ˾ƨϰ˴̿һΪҩʱͷƨиǵĴ࣡

˵ֻ˵ϲŻд࣡



һһµķʱ¶ʳҲò򲶿ɱֵʵһ˵̨صλϵ˵˽򲶿챻ҴķӦѡɱԼǰġԸƽûսԣŮͳ־޵òѣʳ̾Ϣţ﷢ĹʵҲϣҪսĸ̾

һһʳ½½뿪˷ϲ˹ݣһֱɢڸĶоۼһߣСҲڷԼҵĴڣæ˹

ô

ԼҶӵͷΪղǸ˸ж˫ۣ˼ǸԼҶ˵ʵί˵ʵȻСӻڹµķΧûҪԼҸ͵ֻһʾͰѻ⳶˽ġ졷ˡ

졷Ĺ¿ɺ

ԼҶӾһ֪ؽʵֻ飬¸տʱͽģҲѾҹޡһʱˡһʼֻΪѧ·Ͽкöһطߣ̫棬汣ûǾͽˣû뵽һͱ¸סˡ

ҴûôĹ£ԭ˵ô

СԭҲǶϲ˵һӣʵϴӶ̫ϲ˵飬Ϊ漰һЩŮ֮ĸ飬ҪôĳҪôԼҲ

ǲΪʲôһƿӿһ۾ͻ죬ҲΪʲô˻ööǮȥһİĹӣʳŮȻĶĶںӵȤζǾûһȥݡ

졷һ

ڰĹһ򵥵߼ǺץˣһȺͨԼĴһȺ֮ҳ˲ץסĹ£

һʼֻǼӸŸĸͷչɺöĺӶҪСҲСӣȻҲ¡

Ƕ볤󵱰СӻĵظԼҵ͸¶Сǵܡ

СӵСָϲ˹˵֮ͬˡ̫ͬӣ̫Ӹһֱڻʹ޷ܹһȺڹСܿģĵԼҶ˵־롱Ļˡ

ǶҪδΪȻȥץˣ®ݳǣСӵֵõ˲ϡ

ҲһҲ뵱Сͷһ

ҪߣҪĺѺͰˣ

ߵĵǸҵүٻҪδ϶ܵùߣ

ʱҳ˵ߣ̫ӸҴͿԵ

һ¹湫ߵƺǮȨΪȴҴἵѰưĲȴĵֶΣֻ֪ս

ţҲϣԼһֱĶӡ

Ӷһ·߸߻ؼң໥ŶԸղǸµĸ룬ȻһźһûܴӿͷͿʼ顣

ҪǸ˵Ǽͷ˵졷ɣڼֻǽ£

Сߡʧһ֮ͿʼߥΪүְȨ

ΪĶסˣʼ˼ԣܿͷӦˡСߡͷһ£ҡҡͷ

鷳

СߡͷһɥļǣʾȻܰ˴Ӳ˹ԻǮ˼ʱ䵽ǰѹ½һ鰡

һθܵ˼ҡ

ǵڶ죬ҵĴܼÿǼⷿţźشţ˵⣺

Ҽү˵飬˵ǡ졷Ĺ¡

ֻһүһҲ֪ģڵ쵼˵ʾĺ޲̧°ͽرʾԼѾͷϲ˹ǩ˺Լ졷Ĺֻڷϲ˹ݽʲôط۸Ǯ½һģ

ͷԿ

ͷҪǿǲֻҪеȨƵ˶׽ȥ˵ˣ

ҲԵ̫˰ɣ

ĳ˲ʸȨˣ

˵Űźϡ

ŵĹܼȻû뵽ŰݻʾԼүʲôȨѹ˵ˣҲʲôҫˣ˵Ĺֻ˵үļӰ˹ݺ⣬Ϊֲķѵʱ䣬үԸһһ

֨ѽ

û˵꣬ԭյһδ򿪣һγϹܼҵǰ

ףҾ΢Ц

үߣ






7.     һ&ҥ

Ϊʱܹ꣬ˡƶơĹ۵ִǮܵġűʾԼһǮۿˡ

һӣ

һӣ

һʲô

˵Ц顪ǾţԭǱִ괩Խ֮ģﻹûء

һӰĶһȣ൱һͭǮһͭǮһǧͭǮһǧһ㣡ѧõĸһðдֱǰĳֹó٣

ǣ˵İͨûһͭǮƽʱճҲϰͭǮͭǮ׬ҲͭǮܹһǧͭǮҲֻӴһӡԺܶһӶûлҲҪлӴӡ

ֻд˺͹ԱҲӵеģֻд˲пõӣҲֻΪҹĹԱ͹ĻҲŻٺ»гӡ

ԵԸÿ³һȥ˵飬ֻһ˵ʱһ쵼˵һڹҼҳ׸衱

ȥȥ

ɵϲŲȥ

ڿҪҪѡ졷Ĺ¸дһ£Ӽʮ̽£ԭܽС˵ӳɰ꽲ꡪ

ܶҲǺõѽ

Ҫ֪ĺ

ǵģʹѾҵ˹ʹҲǶǵ֪ˣʹġ졷Ĺ·ǡ׬Ǯɲ_(:١)_

ϲ˹֪õ˵ѵãСϰ巽ڵ֪ǩԼС˵ĸ˫޳̷֮ӳԼΪһ˵ĸ̣˳аŵзǵС˵ǮлţǰͷһµĹʷ

һʮ죬һ˵ʮģһʮģһǧͭǮôӴԽ컹ûôǮ۶ֱˡ

֪һҹĸоʲô𣿣

ͻȻһʾ޿ŻǮʱʹִҲѧѧöõˣʱ򻹻ᾫϸ㣬һԼԣСβͶʱͶ

ǰǷסμֵܵǮˣڽ˳μֵȥлһ·϶벻չˡ

Ȼ˼ֵ˵Ϊ˱ĸĶ飬źôҲģ֪֮ԸֵǶôܿɹ󣬵ȻμֵܵĺĵȻ

Ϊ˱ʾԼμֵܵԼĸм֮飬ƷϰƼѡ˾˵͸м

һڹ

һ

Ҳûʲôƣһڿ˺õͨĹ

ŻŸӵ黨ǿڹ

˽ôΪʱѧˮƽޣΪһֽǺϡеĲϣʳΪ죬νһԾŶеĶʵǸǰŴõĹԷ䣬һڹμֵܣ൱һǳҲϣһֱԱԺ÷ף桭ɣ

һнͶܸıĻһƬһڹǳΪĵĻ

Ǯ˹ڷϲ˹˴峤ڵ·ֱӻӰԭ˳ϯԾԼԭԼάϵס˺Ⱥ֮ĸ飬ûԭݺ壬һ㣬عͷһԼǮǮ

ţⷿһģڸ˷ϲ˹ƲǮ֮ʣǮ߰Ķһ㡭

ŷֶǵʵ͸Ĺһߵģ

һһʣǮֻԼһµķˣ

ǰỹԼ˵ʳǵĴһĵ׼ڳԲ緹άֲճ

һ緹ֻԸͷ֮ͻȻ˵˵Ըһӹÿ쵽˵顭

һ飬һӣһǧͭǮֻ˵һǧͭǮµķ⣡

ǰӺΪִ˵ĽǶǸƣ

ŵһ͸ŶĴܼҽĴţݼ˸հС͵Ķ

ź־ϲķǣΪĿʵǸԻĹԱʵ۶ƽ׽˵

統ŵֻͰùĻԱ˵ͺܽӵҲΪþ¶ģٱ罪Ļʵۣ˵һλũΪˣȥ˻ʵڻʹĵŹģ󵱳һ˷˼һʵۻһ£ɻʹũȥˡ

ΪүһϵıĸһУżʱӦеĹ񣬸һƽ̬˵ݡʱʹȻΪѵĵطȴԸĽͣʹҪ˵飬Ҳʱʱһ᲻ڰа

С̬ϲʱʷϼŴͨͬϵ֪ʱȺȺҳԱܿɹ֪̬άֶãԵϣһпάֵþһ㣬پһ㡣

źܿͺͶ˹ʶһһµļ۸ӶСӷżٵ˵飬Сһ٣һ¾ȥ˵飬˵Ĺǡ죨ı棩

ǵģı档

֮Իһôһȫ߳г۵ļ۸ʵиС˼ϣͨǮ˵ΪҺרŸдһ¡

Ȼ԰ͨĶʲôֵ̫ҪҪܼ򵥣ڷϲ˹ｲĹģڶǵҵСӿʮͣ죨ı棩Ĺ²̫Ѫȿֲ̨ʣҲ¶ǵĸϷΪСӱǸϲߵĹߣԶ˸йؾϵҪ󡪡

ɷΪ߼Ϸ

ţ

뵽һӣŹϵȻԣ

ȥԹΪǼȥ

Ϊ֤ڽĹ¾Բᱻ͸¶ȥ͸ӰڵĲ˹ݵ⡣

ÿ쵽Ϊһ˵

Դˣһʶ⿪֧ź⣬֪Լⲻ˼ܵӰķϲ˹ϰ巽⣬ܹԼҶһûۻĺù²ȫ˿ĵĶҲ⡣

ŵһνڼҵСӼڼеĶ򸾻ɫؽ˵һư£ҲǸӱɱ

˵ϲ˹ݵʳ׷صĶߣǶһ˾ǿµĶߣŴӶ˷֣šŵ˵顱һֱ׷׷ΪĶ˶ʱԶһ˲ŨŨĽʺ޵

Ҳ˵˴¶˼ҲҪɼūȥλ˵飬ɾʱһϢҲӶ˳

һһӵļ۸Ĺ֮

һӣ

Ȼôô

г۸˼ʮ

Ķ˼һ۸ʱȴȻвûôǮΪһ˵黨һӣȴòֵ˭ҵǮҲǴģٶǮҲӦʡԼûڵϡ

Ȼǵİն֪ع֮ڷϲ˹˵֮⣬ԻǮ˵飬˶֮ȴûκһȥ˵飬Ϊʡ˲顣

ͬʱҲΪһӵĸ߼ۣһֱϲ˹졷µʳһ֮׬˵ĸо

˼үλȨػһĹ£ֻҪһǮⲻ׬ʲôҾүӶ£ѵܹ֤Ⱥʳ͵۹һʷ׳ʵĹô

Էϲ˹ݵⲻûм٣ΪĹϵˣŵȻ֪Ǻ˵ġЧӦȻ֪ЧӦ𵽵ֻһʱģҪĻҪչһ㹻㹻õĹ¡

ңĹȱ

ʱΣԸ⵽ϲ˹ݽ±ʳԽԽ࣬ӦģʱΣ¥ʳԽԽ١ΪάƺͿ¥ϰ壬ҲǷĴʦֲò˵ңӳ˵ʱÿһ˵Ĺ³ȣȡͨӴס˿͡

ȻǼЧģЩ޷ܵȴʳǻΪڶ׷졷׷˷ˣת¥ھһζݵĿ͹Ⱥ¥ָֻ龰һζݵĵ͹ȴ¥ϰ壬ҲǷĴʦֵ˺ۼ̲סŶΪķϲ˹ЦдŶ

ûãһϢڶǰ֮

˵Ǹع֮֮ܽôɱַΪԼɱ˵ģ

ЩɱַһһԹȻ˼ô˵ô棡

̫ˣ

ع֮ȻǸɱ˷




8.  ڰ   &Թ

һ𣬵һܲסľǷϲ˹ݵϰ巽

ڼΪ˵ع֮֡ķϰԴۿźݺݵСſһ֮ķϲ˹ݸ֮󣬶ԼҺòҵλ˵νǹעļˣǮʹͷĲٵĸ˼ңƽʱԼҴλССòˣԼλ˵Ҫͬиߡ

ҲˣԴ󣬷̾뵽ֲʵԻӰ쵽˵Ŀ˻ٴӶ²˹ݵʳ٣亹ֱ£ʱͷеĻææȥԼ˵ļУһи֪

ڻûнӴķȻΪԣֻҪҽ˾УжͼҲ͹ˣϢըʱֻһԵݣ;治򵥣

ⲻһ㷻Էֵԡ

˹ҥ

һֱڷǰ¶ԡԼרҵʱ¶ɿƶ顣

ʶʵԼã

ΪһȺھûӴô۵ԣֱԲ䡣



ЩãȻڿȺڻȺأ

ŵ߼ʵӣȻûѧϰ֪ʶܲסзḻʵ飬ڷֱԷγɵģ⴫ģһס

ԷγɵԣһԵһǿʲô߷ʲôŻ̲סȥˣûж⣬ֻǵİԼĶԼ˵ڶѡ

ȷͱϴĳѸĳǴԵ˱ض˵ĳĳĳĳʱĳµʱѸʲôĽӴӴܽӴȷʵ룬ҲֻԼϹģΡ

Σȥһʳεԡ޸޾ݣҪΪɱ֣ȴ޷˵ЩҸɵģҲ˵ɱ˭ɱģ˵ַɱġһŲ֪ʼ硣

ҾҪԡ졷Ĺ˵ɱֵ԰ף˵һưƹ紫Ǹɱ˷˵ҵǸƹ٣ƹٶ²Ǹô

ͷ˳ŵ˼·룬Լҵ˵˵еôһԼڻԼλ˵ǲиƹٵˡ

ָУȻһʮĺôԴôİ϶ǼѧԨԴĿȾ

Ȼ˲䷴Ӧͬ˵Щ˿Ϊ֮Ǵ˵Ŀʲô

һűǸɱ֣Ǻʲô

ȻٸΪûʬûаץˣֻҪտڶഫˣͲԸһɱֽɱ˹̣ϲ˹ݵʳʹǱ˵ģǲҪŵĹ£ô

ɢҥǳҷģ

˴ԭãʱҪ˵ı飬Ѿʧȥʳ֮Լ䵽ҵ³ϲ˹֮ͬӵĴڣòװѡӡȻˣȻҪ洫Ļҵ

һ˶ԣǮƺͶ·һǷҼǧĴһȥĲ˹ݡ

Ǽкβ𣿣

Ǻˣ

Ǻ˼˴

űԼϰ˲һܿ侲ͷһǸɢҥԵ˺øжΪȻԷռĿǷϲ˹ݣ˼ȴΪ㣬ⲻǿС۸ô

Ǻ۸ô

ܱ˲©ٳҥԣ̴Ųߣȣ˵û顭

ͬʱܹʦͨ뵽ͨɢҥĵַ֣˱ضǰƣȣ˵˱ض֮ǰɹĻ£š

Ҫѹϲ˹ݣ뵽Ҫͨ˵ѹȻԷӦǷϰͬУͬй˵ͬУһ־ͳŷϣźЩԹ

ͬУҲӶ˵ˣû飬йµǰƣг𡭡

ŰЩҪһ𣬷ܿ뵽һˡ

˼Ҿƶûʲô飬ʮʱڳﵱ˸ΪϯӣӦǷϲ˹ݺƳˣȴɿ˹ͱΪͬȻ˵˳ʦ//ǣڱץס֮ڸģһҧԼڰ˹ݣһŭ֮ʦš

ˣڷϲ˹ݶ濪˾¥ң˵飬Щѷϲ˹ݱƵÿȥ¥ϰ塪

Т




ТòǺܲģȻ¥ӿҵ쿪ʼͬȡһҲÿ춼׬˸貧ǲġĵɺܼ򵥣ΪǼһλķϲ˹ݣ

ֻҪһûаѷϲ˹ݴ򵹣һ鲻

û򵹷ϲ˹ݡТڱϵӷϲ˹ɨسǱʱΨһ֧

ʹ˽죬Тɲڵʱ//ǵľ

Ǹʱϵһͽѡܹ̳²ηϲ˹ƳһȻǷϵĴӣһĻʦܣʦܵĳ츳Ǿˡϵʱһ˸һˣԾǴ˿ĸͽĲʳǵ˭̳²뷨Т͸һ㣬ܹ//ǡ

ΪһӣôԻĲˣǵ÷ϵڷµʱۺ첱Ӵֺ޲óӣȻǵǸʱ˵ʲô

//ôˣⶫҼҲһҩ˼Ҵβ˻ùأǣԶǻ񫣬ÿһҲǿģֻҪһֱǲܳģ

˭ÿ¹Ӱ˭ÿ¹Ӷͬһ˰һ//ôܳˣֻҪԲˣҩţ

ž

һƣͶʦͽ֮е֡

ʹТɲԼ뷨⣬ίԼΪ˲˹ݺΪʲôʦҪʦţȵ뿪˹ݹ˿ӺЩίΪ˺⣬̲סĵ˸ͷ

Ҫܷϲ˹ݣҪôҶТľ¥ϲ˹Ҫǧǧ򱶣ҪʦΪԼʦŶеڣ

˼翿Լڷϲ˹ݵǮȢӣȴѡ޶øǮһ¥ȴѡ˻˫ļǮ˷ϲ˹ݶĵꡭ

ϲ˹ݣѳΪһĲ

һʼһжķֺ

ϲ˹ϵͺһûб仯ʮǰ˹ݵʱʲôģЩʽʮֻЩЩõĴѹĶҪֱӾͿϡ

ڷϲ˹ѧЩʽհڼҵ˵˵ĺõ¥˵飬¥ӿҵһͿ˵ǰѷϲ˹ڵϴۿ˼ҷϲ˹ݾҪϵĲТӣҲССʦܸˡ

˭룬Ȼ·ðع֮

ϾҪɼƻТŷϲ˹һˣβļ

һ̲סҪԽⷽϲ˹ʲôط©ģһ룬뵽λԴ˾С˵ϡ

ȻͷСӵϣǾСְɣ

ǴĵڶգǵĴСͿʼˡϲ˹ݵ˵֮԰ɱ˵Ĺ˵ôþΪôɱˡԣТȺýϲ˹ݵʳվڲ˹ſԥҲûȥеĲϲʱɢȥ

ã͸

ţֻҪٴϸʮ£ͲʳͻðΣȥϲ˹ݣʱϲ˹ݱضֱɼǰǰģյزֱ䡣

תԼһԼҵĲˮһϯңӵȴŷϲ˹ݵĴִһתֻղŻڷϲ˹ſԥȺʳͲ֪Ϊͳͳ˹ＷȫȻû֮ǰԥģТĿɿڴ

⣬⣬ôˣ

ôúúõư֮תֱȻˣ




9.  ھ   ҥ&

ʵԣԼ·

ȣҥһģһҪָͣһ˲õ£ԼûǸ¡

ʹǱҥҲҪԵģܵϳűһ͵ıҥֶЧҲʱģûǸҲûǸʱûôӡ

νҥøױŵȥԭȵҥ.

¶һĿǰ廭ȫһµĸĪЦݣһ߸ˡʼƽȻ֮ϲ˹ϰ巽Ц̲ס˸ȻžԼλС˵Ľ

ϸƷ˵Ǿ仰ܾҲص㣬̣

Ҫô˵Ĳأ

ָʾҪߡ

һȺڽ֮ǰǸԶǼٵģǲŵġ

ִôģ˼һһ裬ǷʦʵΪʱɷûй涨ҥʱҲûܷʦʦҲôɡ

ڶɢһǰһֵŵĴԣ

룬е¸ô

ŵǰߣ˵ǰҽһҿɿ˴һˡ

ʲôֻеоһһ㾭뷨ûУԼС˵뷨һǿñһá

ʹ֮ܰѹ½ôΪǰƹٰɡ

졷±Ͳдģȫִ˼룬ˣ˵²дĶдģһⶼûС

Ǹ˭

ų˼Ƭ̣ܿѡ




졷µ˵Ǹʮɱ˷Դ죬һֱڷϲ˹׷졷صʳǶԥҪҪȥ£ɾڴһԥʱ򣬷ϲ˹ſڳһˣɫͬվڲ˹ݵſڣȴЩʳһԥԥһ޲Ͻȥӡ

Ϊ׵ǸŴֲѵĽ׳ӣ̧ͷ˿ϲ˹ݵңҪȥ֮ǰ̲סתͷʺߣ

ɣش˵ĵطɣ

վڽ׳ź۾̧ͷϸҵͷʱһһ׳̸֮һߺߵ˵йشɵ飬һ߸ͷӵϲ˹ݽȥ

һ˵شãҲЩ磬ǵ˹ݳԷ˵飡

һ˵ǣؼ˶ĳ۶ͺãشɵȻҲһ

˿һشɡĺãΧʳͲס²⣬Щ˿еġشɡ¾Ƿϲ˹˵λع֮Щ˾ع֮ͬ硣

ع֮ǽˮѶ˵ʳǶ֪ع֮ͬ˵ع֮Ǹĳĺˡ

ǲЩԶǼٵģ
Щͬ綼ʶع֮ʶؼ˵ģȻӦ֪ع֮Ƿڼɱ˲Ŷԣ

ûףȺ˹ߵֻ˻⡣

ֻǽ׳û뵽شɶȻôõĹ£ǰڴûְ

һ˷·֮ǰع֮Ĺ£Ÿ̾ǰôɱ˰νδŰ

˵ţ¸صһȶؼйǰƹٵ棬ЩӶһģ񲻹¸ıˣҵɽˮĵزܽЩ½

һ𾪣ڴģǲ񲻳ԿӴǵøϿȥǰЩλ

һڣҲǱһԭƵĶ̼ȫ˷ϲ˹ݣԭžĹڴ

վſԥʳ˵ƹ١ʱϸϸˣع֮֮ӵ永Ϊƹһ£ڶתأŲɡ

嶼У֬˼ңͻ֬ķһȥ˼ңͻʼǵл˼ҼǸƹ٣λ潫Լŵİ¼ں˼̳Ķϰ졭

߼һⶼûУ

ſɱؼҴǸɱ˷׶ˣ

ֲСɾ֪ôֵֹɱַԭЩӶƵģ

һؼƹ٣ʳŶع֮ĳƺһ䣬ԭԥԥ̾ͱÿ

Ǵ֮ﰡ

㲻֬ķ׬ǮҲˣҲһҴӹŵĶ

˵֪һˣ

Ҿ˵ԾСɾʮͯ粻ֲܿɱˣ

ǣСɾһͲɱ˵ˣ

˹ô֣ضСɾ˰ɣ

Ҳ֪ϾϿߵˣ

ſ߶߶˼䣬̲סϲ˹첱ӿǿǰѾˣҲ̲ס˽ȥ

ȵϣһϲ˹˵ʱһķϲ˹һλص֮ǰ˵ʱֵģ֮ǰ֡

ſȺΧڽ֮ǰδʿˣȻ



˵ҪɢʵԣŲ÷ǮȥģТǰ֮ˡԴٶ죬ҪҲף޸޾ݣֻҪԼӽš

Լλ¥ϰ߶ˣԸЧС˵оԼڼ뷽һ£г˿ڹ˳ǣϴ峤ȥ

ϴ峤һڽһסڴǶũˡŵ峤Ѿˣ˹صһڹһԵϴ峤زʱûзĸм֮顣

ЩмȻģ֮ǰص˺һӵǵͬǳԷΪľǱݸмչϴ峤μֵܵĸмһ㣬μҵǿڹѾǣ峤ҵȴΪʱǮû͹ȥ˶һһӵĹǮȻǮܲϸ峤ǿڹˡ

ϴ峤˹ųԷסޣһߺžһߺ

˼Ҷϲڣǻǰ⺢Сʱʼ䣬һֱ䵽ڣȻͻ̲סʼ⺢ӵĸĸйӴ⺢ӵ׾졣

ؼҲһʼӵˣؼǰĩѶһ˼ңӵκ󣬴еƣ£ϴ峤˽ؼ棬ֻʶŵĵŶѡ

峤Ȼµųʱ飬Ȼ̾һµصѶǱؼҷΪ˵οرʾǷ޿Լڶ㣬ضܸơ

Ҳû˸̾ĸ̾Ǹ̾Գ桪

˵Լ֮ڶǵһ˵ȫ󰡡

š
ţ
ղ˵ɶ

аԵĵطȺ۾⻰һʱϴ峤һ˵עĿǷ׷ʾŶིйϵ顣

ŵȻҲӦȺڵĺ٣ԼĹ渵

űºͽµıǾǵʳ͸֤ģ֮ؼȷʵҲйСٵȣԭԴŵļ䣬ٷԼͬ˴󴥵ļܣԼʵתϸҪ뱸Լһ޷ļϳⷿСĽ̻д졷Ϊ֪˵˵һ־½ǳ

֮ǽϴ峤һŹµķչһһ¶ͬԼҺӳɲĵϸЦͬܡ

ͬʱشɵġ졷ǸĹ¸ıġһʵҲǶԹµζȼΪһеļȶʵ

仰˵ͨһʵĹ³ɹϴ峤һиƹ棬ֻҪϴ峤һ㡭

ܿ˶ᱻȾһ㡣

ҥԵ߶Լ˵ǶԵģҪ˵ЩҥԵˡ

Ȼһжϣϴ峤絽ϲ˹˵֮󣬲ʱ䣬֮֮һһ۵ĳϣǸΪɱֵԺܿͱµȥʵġع֮֮ܽôõĹΪиƹ桱סһҹ֮䴫ǡ

ȵڶһ̤ϲ˹ݵʱ򣬾ͼȺѹѹһƬű֮ǰ˸ˣҪߵ̨϶÷Ѿȥ

Լ˵˵λϣһľľš졷Ĺ£̨ýζˣ̲ס˼һ⡪

ǰȻߵλˣҲʱ׼˰ɣ




ǮɢҥûͱԷˣТÿÿΪķϲ˹ݾͺ޲⣡

ǲ֪ƹǼٵģΪ˼иƹٵȣΪ棬ڣֻһضݺݶŶԨԴķϲ˹ݡ

Ҳ֪ǲǱӦ֮ǰδԵʱ¥ͣϯع֮ȽԼ֮ԻὲưΪиƹ֮˶ƹưģһԭ¥˵ʳ͹ȥ¥ⲻ֮ǰˡ

ҲТԷϲ˹ݵĺޡ

ôҲֻܸɿš

ϲ˹ôķ꣬ǸͨС˹ݣʳ֮еĿڱҲãɻĹҲãôƻôͨģһƲɣТֻݷȥȴһᡣ

һȣ˰¡

û뵽ǣĲǷϲ˹ݵİѱһйصϢ

˵ҹƼҵĻ̩Ū˽ץˣ

Ϣ¥˷ΪϢһյϢ̸֪

ТϢ¥кιϵ˷תһž͸͵

ѽôͲأ˽ǰһֱ¥ĳͰ

Тûףϲ¥˽ʲôϵ

˷

ڴСﶼڴ˵ǻ˽ȫΪ¥Ĺ£




10.  ʮ   Ƽ&˽

糿լ

СϻһҹĹڰס˻ľƣػصԼڣ۾֪Ϣ˯飬ߵʹһͷӼװԼڡ

СԼҲ֪ԼϢ顣

ۣûô۹׼ҾʵǼеŮܸĸֵܵĳ谮֮ƼΪƼҵĵĸɷĹϵ˵ۣҲͺҪ˵ƼʫĴң֮Ƽҵӵܾв볯ΪΪƼҲȱȨƣŮȻǡ˵С˳˳ػ˰뱲ӣ˼С檺Сĺ֮⣬ûκβ˳ĵġ

ֱҹ

ҹҽȻ˽

˽˻ǸûǮûŻûеɣ

СϰҹѣԼɷԼŮǹŮ˰ǹͥԺʱ򣬿Ժһ˸߾ŵĻѣֻԼӶըˣ޲ܾ۾һջȥ

ǲܣҲԸ

ǻƼҵĸȴСΨһŮӣȴΨһŮƽǶҪɷΨڼɷսӣŮļįˣҲ谮ĺӡ

ɾҹ谮ĺһˣ

ôʹĶôںޣôҪιȥһûȴΪԼŮòѹ°

ĳĴ˽һֵñ޵飬Ż൱ĶŮ˽˻һŮ׼ң￴ϵȴֻǸûмҲҲûвŻˡ

뵽ɷǴĸŪŮ˸ץģֿô˲ץ£СϾ֪ڶ죬±ض֪ƼŮɺһ˽飬ŮΪ˿е̸ΪеЦǲһ̨˼ԸȢλƼŮɵĻ޶ܵӰ졣

ǵû֮УɷָƿڴƼŮɵŮˣҪսҸƽŮٶӶ࣬Ļ࿲ڼ޲ȥȻƾŮϸһȥ

СϺһԼɷҪŮ͵侲ƽһҹﲻ˯ƣΪԼŮ

˵Ůܼܲ޳ȥ޵úòãֻԼŮԼŮδܹӣ

һҹһֱСϽǰҹڿԼɷϣȻǿ֣Լܵίȫ˵ֻΪɷ֮ģ֮ΪԼŮһ·

޵ȥɣ޵û֪µĵطѵýô

ȥãԶǸĳ·ķмΪٵĵӣȻָԼ޸Щӣȴķдý࿴һ֮ңʱٶɵޡ

ֲȴҲٵŮĺˡ

ȵǺĵɷͬ°ҹͻ˵ѺͰԼŮϣôҲ벻ͨΪԼҽŮῴôһ仧Ůһ仧ǺʱŮ

ﱻץ֮Сϱֽ˷ֿؽԼĹ뷿ǱҪҪһΪ˰ʲôԸȥķӣСһž̲ססպޡ

ֻΪһˣڴˣ

㲻˲ͬŮдŹ⣬һԼ׿˾ҪϹĹ⡣Ϊһĸǰ˵ɵĺû

ɶֻѾĻ̯ǰվһվڶһФĻҵһ֪ԭڱõĹ


СֻԼŮ뷿Щֽˡ

ɻҶӣ˵ʫ䣬ܻǶǽǽһߴӻʫڼҹΣĲġСûһôԴң͸ҲûУ

С̲ס

ʮŮ˵ǸӣҲ˵ѾǸˣźӵ˼άȴѾһһ

Եɸǽ˽ͷԵĻҲľʹӦˣʰϸʱ̫͹ܼҵע⣬˵ľͳɹˣ

ʹ˽ļƻʧܣץˣҲûкԼѡ񡪡

ɱҵӣ

Ҫֻ޸Ҳ޸ˣ

ҪҼ޸ˣ̧ʬȥɣ


СһӼᶨҪС¸ɢľģǵŮöˣֻЩֶ֪˲䣬Ůɸ֣

Ȼ⣬ΪβȢ

㶡

ʵҪһΪβŬҵͬ⣿

ƶ

ȡȡ𣿡СϺԥشϡ

񲻹ʮ꣬䵽̸ۼ޵ȴҲһʱ˵Լ⣬ѵĻͽɨسţ꽫䣬Ը⼸һݼҵֻ߽ʱףѵ᲻ͬ⣿

ﻹɱʲôСѾŮ޴Ļˣֱס˵Լŵ

ֻ֪Ǵɲƿƾֻ߲ȻửɣԼĻ㸸ָ̣ѵ㸸᲻Ӧİ㣬뿪뿪ȥ¶޵ӣ㱳

ЩǾ߼ϵõģСԼŮŮоγصİ鳶һһȥǻͷŮ侲ٳҪ뿪ˣһصԼסʱѽҪˡ

СҲ֪Լ۾˶ãںԼôûŮ״Ů޵ĵĬĬܹŮӵļױȻſھʹ춯СһۣѴ

ҲȷﲻԾˡСҹ·ȥԣڻžġ

񶼳ѾӺɵ顭ū߱˶ǴСֵҲ˵ǵ˶֪ƼҵӺһ˽Ȼֱץˡ

СһҹĴľֻǵͷ˳˵˵ڶϢ

˵֮Իһ˽Ϊ¥ңӵĹ¡

¥
ңӣ

СͻȻͣ˶ʼԺص顣ϲ¥˵˵飬С֪ģʵֻҪ£СҲԼҽһ¥һ䡣

¥ϵ˵˽ңӣóӼ˵Ĺ£ҪС˵ȻϽһµ˶࣬ζĻңӡ

ңóƿŵ֮鰮£ŮǱضĳԹ幫вȴ޳ŮǱΪһ飬СϿĿŮαܿŮǼеĶĿ˽ᣬ⣬ÿÿһΣСϺͻﶼҪ̲ס˫ֽգС»᲻ᱻ֣֮Ż᲻ڴݹбʧ

ңܰһ˵쳣㣬ÿһεĹ·չһ

СϵŻ̾λңӵı£ȴ̲סɫ

ңĹ£һĳةСİ£

ˣǸͻὫҶӣǽôʫةҵС㻥Գ

СԽԽ졪

ⲻǴõֶô

˵ԼҽεŮôȫʧܲ˵ظ˼˽ң˵棬ةҵСɲ˭Ҳû˵˽ôҽǹ£ԼةҵС㣬ûֵĴɵǹɲǱסô

ڸĸŮǺõģûдģдһǱ˵ģ

Сҹ·һֱ¹Ǵɵͷϣϧɱţ֪һвϲ£һͷ¥顭

ǻʲô˵ģ

СһǶѼеĻϣϼһҳţ

ϵõ̲סʣȥģ

СЦȥģȥǼҺҼҽĵ꣡




11.  ʮһ   ҵ&Ӯ

Сϴ˳һ¥ʱڶķϲ˹ݰѹ½÷𣬺Ȼ洫ӵ

ڴߵļʳͻȻû˵˼һ⿴ʳҲ̲ס⿴Ŷ˺ģҸǰϢȻյǰʳ͵СǼһ𣬿Ŷ¥֡

ϧСȥֻǰʳʹʵʱ㱨Լʵİ֮ġ

ȥ˽ȥˣȺ˽ȥˣ
˳ˣЩʳͶܳˣ
Ӵ˿ˣ̳ˣ
ӱˣӴľͷɹɹˣ
˿˷ˣŶ
ңˣϹǺ֣



Сҳҵúˮ׼

ĺûľǲһ

ͬҳӣڵӾĶһȺһ֣һ˵̧һֱ̧ɫһСƿƵһȺˣȻżݻﳤȥ

СϲͬȴżҶ¥ΧһȦ¥ʳǶʱԳݣ˵¥֮ĶԹ

ֽģңӵĻλһнӴ

ͷеݵλĹǲС̯ǰͣģҪֻȥרŵֻ꣬Ҫ鱦Ҳȥרŵ鱦Уһ·ӹȥ;ڽֱ̯ǰţңӽµ趨һ־ɣôܵǴɵĻ̯ǰôᱻǾĲĴɸס

ңӵĹ½̻ҵĺӣΪĸףλ޹أҿЩ뿪µط¥ĶҺú̸̸

ǺȰвĻ֮£¥ﲻɵ˶һ˲ʧˣֻʣɵ¥Тңӡĳʦǰ˷ССϵɫ࣬ҲǸͼ͵ТʾԼҵ˰ЩԶ֮һüҶʼң

ʲô˼Сң˱Ҳ˺ڵĹذҲ¥˸ԼҲһëרЩ͵ĲֵǮ¥ȱ˵

װƶҾõĿվ̳ʳǻõΡ˵̨ɫʳĺͳʦõĽϡ

¥Щɵ˿ţšš
ѾҶһʱС⣬ҲɫҰܵТң˵ʲôɫԼҵļҶﳤȥһ·;ֱȥס

ǵģס
Ϊڽٻ˲Ƿģ׼Ǵɣ⳥Ρ
⳥ΡҪ̫ү֤ˡ

СϲǵӾĿϴ̸첲дˣ෴жȣ˵¶·ڹԱ罻ȦҲЩġ

ǵĸǸĹ٣һӵ¹ڽ۽뵽ֲ漰ֹϵ׵С˾òùֻҪ˽ʻǰȻøͷ͹ˡ

ˣǸҲͷһǰ׵飬ϡһ¡

СվϺ򶨡ԴҹŮһ֮;ԼûʲôµˣʼԼµС

ȸԼԼŮĹ£Ůϻ˶ٵѪŮδ룬һƬĸֻ֮ϣǺͬĸԤҸӡ

ǣСϵĹ¼תֱ¡

һõԸˣ¥ңӣH֮Իҽ¹ޡ

Ⱥ˾ǹķɣǳǰҽĽ̻壬ʹǹ˵£˽١

˵СϿʼޣ޵úܿƣҲ᣺·С˺ѵԼҲЩӣմ޵ץС޿κΣ¥С֪ģһʱߣֻŮһӻˣ˼Ҷ¥

ǸͬСϵ˭ûнŮԼҵĽŮŪƭҴ£ֱ޲ýȺץʬôһ룬СҵΪͺˡ

СϵĹ£һƫСȥ¥ƹңӣȫȻңӺТܺߣʦүȥֳʧиӣ߶ִˣͿʼ뷨ˡ

ʣǾ¥ϰ˵ˣ
ТңӹǰǣΪĳ
ʣ¥Ŀǰλˣ
ТңӿվһߵСϣصǵĴˣˣ
ִʦүӹеƷֽ˷ǶǰЩǷ𻵵Ķ
Т֣˵ңӵʶЩ֣ؿ˿ͷһ۸˷ֱӵͷˡ
ˣС⳥¥Щʧɡ
СϵлˣӢС˻ȥͰǮ͵¥ȥ
Ǿͽ᰸ɣã

ţ
ã
ȻأȻ𣿣

ڵϵТңжͬãȻǻص¥õӻƼ⳥Ǯ󣬷ŷӦᡣ

ǣСǰҵĶмˣֻǮЩκͱһľ¥Ҳþ̳ҲãҪľԤɵģ޸Ҫʱ䣿

ѵõǮڶͿԿż

ˣԭͷڵΪСôһʵ񵫷Щ̵˼ңĺҪ¥ңӵ˵飬ֱ˵˵ͻᱻԻ˽һӾҪˡ

˼ҵƣƽЧ£һʱ䣬һֱ¥ͥ䳵ϡ¥Ŵգܴ

žķչԤĹֵҰһδ֪ķȥˢһԹŴս֪

û뵽˳ƽǻ˽ңӵĹϵԾȻг
û뵽ǻƼҷ˾Ȼһô£
ԭֻǴöǼһﳢҥζȴһйôǿֱ˼ͣҵˣ

ǲСƹ˵ı°

Σʤѷ֡һ¥սͷϲ˹Ӯˡ




12.  ʮ   ĸ&׬Ǯ

¥ܵشĿûиһģҪת䶼˶ǡʹнŮ˽ӡҪָ֮ǰľǲܵġ

ϾʱǺϢըʱϢĸ»̫ûΪݣ統ΪѹЩԼԷų°ԣԭȵк֤֤֤ܶй¥Կڶ̻ϺüĻǺüʲô䴫˵

ͬʱֻҪЩԻڣǶ¥ңӵĸйپͲ̫á

¥ңӳȥйӶ˵ľ¥ʼעԼ˵Ĺݡ

ȻңѧĽ鰮Ĺ£ÿλ˵Լصķ񣬲˭ϲŮһ˽ģ˵˻Ӵͳ̣ŵԵİ飬񷨵˽ҲǲѶΪ֮

ž˵и˵˽Ĺ±һ˵Ů˶Ѿ׼ˣȴүŮһ˷ֿȨƱýջ伫Сû˰취ѡ˽

˫ҳѾ׿ϵС˽ܹܵˡ

ңӵǰ֮ôҶʼԼԼ˵˽Ĺ£ٳֻȷĹˣ

ϰ˵ôһ䣬Ǽ¡

С˵ױá֡Ϊ̲סҪ֡Ĺ¡

ŽźĽȻЩ֡ʲôŮδ鵽Ũʱ׸߹ⶼ˵ԣȫ⣬żҪøɫһ㣬ֻҪ˺ˣҲûʲôʱһ

ı֪ʹԱʷѾǺɵĳˣɱءһСɹȻ˽û˻ΪǽкãδŮδ鵽Ũʱ׸С߸ɲһұ֪ˣû˻ֻǼС¡

˵£ĴǲȷģȷԱȷȷǵˮƽܹǷǵʱ㲻ܱ֤µ˻᲻ȷŹ˵ĶģȥͺԼ͵͵۵˹˴˶ӣҲܱ֤һͬ´һҸֵһ𡭡

ŵҲֻҪ¥ԿЦһΪ¥˵˽ģɵȵϵԷʱʼһɻǲĺ˵йˡ

ǵÿһ˵˶ʼԲԼ˵ĹûʲôԷĴ󣬾鰮˵˶̲סԼĹ·ؿҲڵԼеۻ᲻⣬Ҫѡ죬˻һᱻ֡ĺ˼ȥ

ǵķ֮õһθ£ÿһҾ¥ѧŷϲ˹ݵſ˸ɫֽдԼ˵ҪĹ²ҳŵûвڣżؼҵʱ·ܿе֡ʽİз·صִ



¥ˣϲ˹ݵȻ͸ˡ

ϰ¥޵˸߲ҹҳӣ˸ƺĻȫƲŻݣǵ֮ǰû˵ʳҲ׷׵Ȼͱҵĳ͡

ԼڽһΣ֮ʼ˼׬Ǯ顣

ϾǮֶӶġ

ҪΪһִ˼άŵ־꣬ԾΪһˣɹı־ܿԼıһ׷һзгź̸ӣ

Ϊһ޸ĸĹ¶ִû𷿣һԽͲܵŴûгŵĵط
Ȼͻ׬ĶӼӼǮȥһ¶ǵķۡ

_(:١)_
˵һ׷ˣé_(:١)_

˭뵽ԭŴķۺִķһĹˣֲоϻдȻǴ𰡣

Ȼó򷿣ûǧ򲻵ҵľͶӣ


ΪԼѾǺǮ˼_(:١)_

°ԼΪˡ֮ŵûҪԼǮøǿԴ

ôԴأ

ȥǰԼĶҡϡ

ĳ˵֮ûһ뿪˽뷽һ̸
ⳡ̸ĿԴһ˼ȻѾˣΪһҪںͷչľ¥ºѵӦýз˼

Ӧãžίһ̫⣺

ϰǷ֪Ϊʲô¥һһ־÷ϲ˹ݸȥ

Ҳ⣬Ȼҵδǰˣ

¥˭Т
ТΪʲôҪ¥Ϊ˱ѽ
ǰТǷг׼زˣ

ҡͷ˵ⲻ

ԹֻǧģǧշģТȻĻ⣬׮׮һ¥أ

ѵ㷽ûг𣬾Ͳ뷽Ҳ൱Ĳˣ
ѵ㷽ûûԹͲΪ˵ˣ

˵֮ɥʧǴҥ֮٣鶼Ѱ¥ģˣϲ˹ݲǰڳǰ



˭ûˣ
·ϻ˵˿Ҫһһשأ
ô˻úúõģôҾ¥úúõģΪûг

Ϊ㹻ǿ

ǵλȹ̣ʹͬҪǽǻ߰⵹ǣҲ˵£ʹͬҲܼʱӦ֤Լ治ܵв

Щʷϲ˹ݿɾ߱

һƹԴе£Щί
ϲ˹ôһ
ⲻӯ࣬׬貧

ŵʣЩʳΪƷζȻĳ˵飿
ȻǡΪ졷
ĪؾЩ

ŽŴ˸ȷһýţŮһλɣĲ䱾첻̸ֻ̣˵˵ļŮкԨԴǷ˵˶һǴ
ͬģһʳ˹ݣζˮ㣬ȴΪ¥ϵ˵˵ʲô

ֻԼ󼹱һ

Żû֮ǰϲ˹㣬ʵڴͳ黳ڴжδʧĲ˵ζҲˣϲ˹ݲװꡢ涼Ǽʮһյģͷ֪Ҳ˵һʽȻʮǰүүġ

ǰûоʲô⣬ɵŸһ¥˹ݵ˵¥˵֮⣬¥еļÿҪһװ꣬еÿ¶һ²ˡ
ͻȻ䷢֣еľ¥ǰߵʱΨǼһֱͣԭأ

ǰͣԭû⣬ΪǻֶûԼÿʲôʲôʲôʳ֮ζȻҲ˼ʮһҲû˾ʲô񽪹ȻѾվȸţһʵλڼ䲻ʲôӣˣ˾ͽˣϲ˹ݾû¥Ҳ¥ܵġ

ԴӾףҲһҪʧ

仰ʵǿţˣǰʵ̵˵һٻȻ֮С

˵еװӶǼһܳģϹ˿ͶˣҪһװ꣬᲻á
˵Ҹүû²ʽֻ²ƹҲʽ򣬲ȥöֳ֮ˣҸ˾͸з²ˡ
ŵ˵֮Ȼ˵ˣһа취ģҪҰȾǷҲ˰

һ۾һԭһ¶˲Եı顣

ĳͨգһҪλǡ
ĳа취Ϊϰȣ
ֻҪ²˺Ͽζĳؽ˱ɷϲ˹ݵһƲˣ

˵ͣһ¡
ǰĳȥˣÿһˣĳҪ󣡡ָ

ʵ˾Ƿֺ죬²ȥ֮ÿµ׸֮һΪֺ졣

ŰĽͣûʲô⣬ͷӦһεԼλ˵˻ǺŷģԸһԣʧ˴˰²˳˾ˣҲ˷ԭϡ

˵㣬һ׼ȥҪô²ˣһ߷ʼҪ²ˡ뵽Լүүǵ²ˣҲǷҲһ²˾ǸһԽɽʳĵģֿλСһ

Ȼǹ֮²ˣ֪ûʲôǽʲôʳȲҪóʦֵǸĸɷ²˰



ŻԼԺгԹĲˣǹŴĻִģϧԭ涼ûԹʲôöԼԵһֲϵʳòˣСѧԵ˴ѧҵԼϰڴŻһѧУʳõĲ˵ӲͷƤ

ཷӣ


ţ
ཷӣ
ǽ˾ͳֶ

۾ϸһɺݵ꣬Բһдͬ顣

ֲýĺһôݣ
ܰô治ף




13.  ʮ   ²&С

²£粻˳١

ǰźͷ̸£ŷܵߵĳ̸۵鵹һȫĳʦ˵ˡ

ϲ˹ݵĳߵʦͽе·ߣλ״ǷϵĽ˿ʮͽܣҲǷʦ֣Сĩʣڳвϴ˵λʦֵյСӣԼĶҲ棬ӶͬţһΪʦΪĹԼӶֵֶ

ԴԼˣȻڡ

ڳĴͰӽʦſʼ֪Լδ벻úͷϲ˹ֱӹϵŸҪ²ˣҲ˵úеԸ֧ϣȵҹһˣһ˾ʣµʳĵ

⼸ʮһֱͬһôˣȻſˣ׵Ĵǰܼ

СǻãǰԼҼóһԼʦʦʦУĲ˻Ʒζû뵽ԼҲ߰ʦǣһԶ޴رϲι״Ķһ𣬷˲ֹһཷӵĺڰʦֱӾ͸ӸˣֱڰӵˣŪΪԳԱķҪ¡

ȵڶʱͱѾһŵĴǸţź͵СһԲˡ

ĵһ˾ǻԣˮζĿڸУӲͷƤҨһ׷ζֱˡ

ѳԡ

ϲ˹˶̧ͷͷʸĴζһҲ˵óԣͲ˹Ҳеźֱܹ˵Լĸо˵껹δ油˸

Ǹо͸һʺƵġ֡

˵ͰΧһȦʦĻˣ˵ĴʦǸʮˣ˼ҷûעͰСһ춲һ

˼Ӻµģ·ĲֱӹϵδͷӣǾԲήͱ׼ģŷϰ嵱ԼĻԳԡ

ִҲûԹʲôֵһʳүүÿγƷʱǻȥһڵģ֪һʳҪ˹Ҫ֮ҪľǱҲɫζȫȻЩҪǰЩ˶ûﵽ

̫¿ꡣ
̫Ӳҧ
̫û

һȦȻûһ˵õԵۡ

ԳԵĵСΪʦܵķһؿǰǲߴӰͷӵĶԲôһȺΧס˼СӻӲǰĲ˵һǴץԳԵȺ̾

ˣ²ƷСӶɣ

ŷӦʱŷԼѾȺ˸ˣ
ôأ˭Լȳ˵˲óԵģ˭ָſ²ƷԼ׬һ׷һױ
֪ҲĸԸ

ķϰ廹Щĵģ˺²ʽҹصԼļλʦ˵صһֱǷιӵŸ˸ҡ

ƤӲôҪϲ˹Щ¥ǰµʱԼߣȥ˵ȥˣΪֲƱֻܿŶ¥ɼۡ

ʹĻ٣ҲܲסŵԴһֿƸУͳݺںڵģǡǡʮ꣬˵ǺӰɣŴҲѾǿԵʹˣ˵ѾǴ˰ɣ㿴ģҲģôһȥǼ̵ңǸ˶ԲһϷ

˵֮ǴӽѶġ
ǰֵֺҶ֪һȺ̲סԺһСײײӼӵǵǱ棬в̡

˵˵֮ĵڽʱѾˡ
ȻǸ¶ô
һȺʶԲһСɥɥĸ¿ɫ԰ټҷټµĿۿġ

˵֮ǵʱ޷ģⷿס𡣡
ǻŸϲ˹ʱݵƤǺڵøһģΪڲ˹ݶŴסؿ󣬶ʱ

˶٣һҩ֮˵ʮԵóԵĲཷӡ
أʦܱ˵أԺһúôСӣҲٱ˵ءĿ

̲סˣһˮ쭣໥ͷʹޣ϶ѻһһġ
ȺӼ͸ʦԸʳŷʳΪĳǼֱһཷӵĺӵͯõж࣬ԭҪŵɫֻʣҪЩóԵĸСӽðװֵһ뷨ˡ

ǵһȥԲ˵ʱ򣬼ľһȺû˵⻹ǻȸĳӣ˵˲óԵʱ緹СӲͣ

ĪⲢӰԶҪ֪ͻǳĽ׶أθڴҳԱ˶ÿ죬Ա˵һֶˣܶɸˣڵֵֹ²˵ʱҲûôˣ˫Ĺϵ˲ˡڡ

ϲ˹ݵ²˷ݱؿʼˣҲֱĿʼŵ²ˣŷԼԭĻ̫ˡ

ԭŵ뷨²˴ž͸дͬһӹ˾裨ʳģֻҪҵо˼Ȫӿˣ˳ˡʵȴˣһ²˲ԼҪɫζȫԼҲԼԭ򣬼Ҫ֤Ŷ棬Ҫ֤ȥûв˱븴ơ

ҲˣǹȷҪʳľͻ߰죬ò׶˼Ҫʳģ󳴿ʳĵĴַһ飬ȶַһȺӾͿʼϸڣһ˵Ҫƽϣһ˵Ҫ䷽Լ˳꣬ҪõǰҪһģһĲѡζõһ

ţζһʲôõģ
ǣôһأ
ָԼһģһĲˣǷ˷۵ģмŵǰǣұ߷ŵǺǣζȫһ

ⲻ𣿣

ԴԼҪˣоԼ·ֻص˵ִʱ򣬴һȺС÷˿׷ĳֶ߻Ϻ졢ֺ졢ɳ졢ѣθС



ڵڶ˵ʱѶСӸӴˡ

ǻʵΨһһֵܣΪ壬ڶǺǵ͵СԶΨһĺӣһֱｿţΪСϲ졷ͳؽһһ£ÿµ˵顣

Ҳ˽ʶƽ׽˷ҪװԼߴϵĶرϲߵСӡ

СҲ֪Ϊʲôһ֮ݣÿŵ˵飬СӶ˵֮ʶģ͸֪ҽܼ߲ɷһһʵҲƵģŰԼⷭһ£Ű

ʲô˵һ˵˵뷨
Ϊ
ʲôѡ˽졷Ĺ£
Ϊ
ΪʲôᴴĽɫûԭͣ
ΪǴԽġ
һƷʲô
֪

ССúŪÿαʱʹ̫תƻ⣬˼СҲû˺ø׽ˡ

ŰСӴСǽͷһԲˣΪ˻˼Сһͨ˵ʲôһõƹٱضܴ̿һĲԳͬ˼Сӻˣ
Լǰ̲ˣ͸Ӿʬʱһ棬Ȼһ֡øŵС̫˸orz

С̫ǰÿ˰һ飬ȻԼ˫Ӱһ飬Σȷû쳣Ӧˣ˺һСӳ

СӶλϣҨһ׷ﳢȻְһ顭ٳһ顭ֻεĶ䣺

ҳԲQAQ

ŶʱԼζҲġ
ԶС̫Գ˲𣬵յ⣬ǹΪ֪

Ŀİһ£ڳɹƳĵ²ˡΪϲظĵȡϲ֣ȻѡΪһεƲˣĥȭ׼ԼִӪȡǰɷϲ˹ݵƲˡ

ֹ죬²ֵľƱ˷ϲ˹ݵǽϣ˵ְһӵĳһЩϹ˿͵Ŀ⣬ͬʱҲζš

²˿ˡ




14.  ʮ   ŴֳԲ

磬ϲ˹ϯ¥¥°¥ݿڶˣһȦһȦΧ˵̨Χȴʱһ졷

ǲǸûµİˣһʡ

ӦҪ˰ɣһӲ²⵽

ӦҪ˰ɣٲĻǻ˰

һΧһȺʶĲʶʳǵ顣

졷ӿѾˣִӾĳӦˣűϾĿǰֻôһ׬ǮĶ᣿ǾͷԼдͬ˵ı£Ӳһ˸Ͽ·߰˸ӣһӣߵˡıǩ͸ժˣжʱŪ̫ˣ˵˵չѹ˴Ǻ«̨µ˶Ҫ̾һ

·Ǻ«һҪɱƵġ

ϸӾ˰˸أɱʲôģһŴС˵飬֮ǰľ顣

һʬӴһֵһţһһ߽ŵ

ФׯŲҰ

Ҵֹ¼



һȺذ֮ǰľ鶼˵̨ϣѾǰһľľʼ

졷ˡ




ֿÿһ̤ȥ·ǲʬ֮󣬰һ˿Ŀİ˾ǣҪ׼μӳٰ͢Ŀƾٿˡ

ʱľַǷɽ˺ιصĿ˴Ƽ·֧̯Ӷ⣬Ҳ˳ĳĳοƿ⣬һܵĹԱͼ࿼ԱĸϹĻ¸

ðۻңҲס˴ڹ֮µǵ۾

һпƾٿԣֻǲãΣֳľԶûŹˣⲢӰµԺԲЩΪ֮

Ϊεĳص˶һʱеװֵʢ磬ÿնҪŴ̫Լ¥֮䴩ȻЩʱշϲ˹ݳǵġͶιյʱ׳ʵˣϺͶ϶Щ⣬Ƥɻڵģٰ·һףµĹ³˿رһ֡ĸо

ʱһФׯŲҰʱύĺѡС侩ǡ

СǾˣƢȴΪ˴ݲ˵ܾҵйذ˿һȸ˸ս飬ȿ˭ҵФׯŲҰ࣬սʧܺҲɥ˵ӲŰʦƤ˰ͽܣԳ˲ŵĹ߳ܶ죬ʳϲһλŮԽɫ

СһǾŶһھǻˮĹ·شŰһ˹˴нϿѧӶҪĵط

ȥ˽ĿݿʥˣһοƿУʳžúе
ȥ˾ڵᣬɹһױ쿼УֹٲϲʳеʿѾʼҪҪҲôһˣ
ܵһſǸרռֺÿµС̯ϣҰݶһĸ̫ʦ¡ʳһŵùӶˣ
󣬾ͰѹöӶ˵һȺ쵽ΪŻΪҲΪʺϿϰľ¥¥ԤҵԷסޡ

ڻ¥һһ֮ǰڿᡢС̯ұ죬ҲԼͬѡڻ¥סʳѾ֪·Ȼεİص¥ˣֻ߱ضұ졣

šǰΪĬһ¡

ĬʳǼֺŽ졷Ĺ¡

Ϊ永Ѵ®ݴ˾ǣ񾩳¶ôһӴضܹ״ԪΪ״Ԫͷѡ֣ȻǱҾ¥Ķ󡪡

˭֪һҾ¥ǳһ߿״Ԫ۸ͿԷһ

ΪŰǲҪСˡߣ¥ϰΪ׼˹Ĵ˰˵ס޷ѣó¥Ʋдǡ

ˣҸұ֤λ͹ٶûдطϰԴ

ԷĿصˣǵСҲҪҵˣȫ£ʵ˼ҶٹС꣬Ϊ˳һڣ

ţá˵ʳǶʼ˾ʲôˡ

ɼװ¥ϰģǽȣһָ

һˣнڽڸߣ

ڽڸߣ
һžͺʲôððĲһ·

ʳǶȤ˵ʳΪ죬ÿư˼ÿ˵ʳҲ˼

ݵĻ¥ϰŵ
ڽڸ˵һˣȴ룬ԻڽڣԳԵʵΨпƾµóԵʱûпζɬζֻиһպűƵĽϣרƷĸ𣬣һòͳųԣרʣһ룬ü񣬽ζٰ̳ԣԵӪ

ǵĿҪ¥һڽڸߣҪ뿪ǵطεĹԱҲҪҵһڽڸߣΪȡڽڸĺԢ⣡


ޡ
ޡ

ʳɫؽڽڸ˵ʱѾˮˣһ˵Ԣ⣬ĳȣŮӵܰţӣ˭˲ҪڽڸǸǸСҲҪմմе˵

⻹û꣬еڶأ

˵һרΪṩģһ˾רΪŮṩġڼ
ڼ
գ

һûнڽڸôĹһֱͦǱСŶס

ڼûУֻʡɽϲ׽ںڶڵ̲һּˣصİ˵ڼֻ˳ԣŮӳůθӳҲܲԪҪ˵ǼҵڼҩģʵҩŰζ˵ɫð˯ᷢŶ

ˡ
˹ˡ
˹˹ˡ

Ⱥ֮УһʿˮðյãֻԼڿտգзᡣ

Ȼĥ
ʳΪ尾һʱΪ˵˵Ÿǡⲻ尾ģи尾ģ

Ϊѱϰ廨ջסİһ˾һˡȻǲϰٶߺһ;üеӵСҪΪٷˣֿʼˣƤڵʱ򣬻¥ĵСӺ˶Բм䣬һ

ڽڸߡڼ~λ͹~
һģŵСĿǵ
ڽڸߡڼ~͹~
һߣϲ˹ĵСӺĸӣڽڸռӣȺһȦȻ˶˵˵̨ŵǰϡ

̨£ʳǱĲˣһ±ƵؿŽԼװӾ˿ӡ
̨ϣ˵ɽԼĽɫЦŵǾһ⾩˵ζɣ

˵꣬Ŀ֮ÿӼһ񱻳ʦг룬ϸ׵ҵ㣬ʳָ󶯡ŰƵĽպպȻֻ¾ͰԽ

ϲ˹ѻȸֻһ̨Ͼ׽һ߾׽һ¶ܵ۵ı飬ʱʱ~ֻҪĥ

ͬϰ˵̵ֻ⽴θڴ󿪰

һڻҪȥڶ̲ˣ
Ȱѽڽڸһ߳һ߿ø̨µʳѸ۾ð̹ˣ˿ųԲŵģǡɷˣ
ûεǿС˵˳Ե˿ֻԼĶӶʼڽУ͸ֿɬֻԵζֽʵĶĳּĳ־˵ûɬζ

ȵ̨ϼװųڽڸ˸ȥҨڼˮȵʱǡޡܲסˡ

̨£һ׳һžһվ󺰣ܹˣСС

СӺðͷ

Ǵ󺺶ŵС˶ҪʲôڽڸߺǸʲô

СͷҪӣһǻ˵ãһ߲ſˮһ߷׷վ

ҲҪڽڸߺڼҪ
СҪݽڽڸߣ
ڼǼӴһڼ
ҪСϲˣ



һʱ¥¥¶ʼӲˣԭںϢŴ˵ٳĵСǲòǰϸڣϰ巽Ҳʱ˰ŵ˼Ӳϲˣæú޲Լ೤ֻ֡

һ̲˴Ӻ֪˵İʾԭ˱ͿɿڵԵʣԵ˵ʳǷ׷̾ȫζҲǵûûԵ˵ʳǸܲסŵСҪȥϲˡ

˵̨ϣ;ֹͣ˵ԵúܵſһĻЦõ⣬̲סֺ˿ڼ





15.  ʮ   

Ŀ֮һԷԵú˵ʱҲθڴ󿪣ֻҪܼҪһ/ڳԵʳ﾿Ǻεζ

˿Ƽ¿һѳԲֿƲסջһʳƷ֮óĽۡ

ǵǸԲ¼ӡ̫̫ɥĲˣִһƷ˵Ʋ˵ķǧǧžǵ֪˵һ԰һ½ûѡµʳ͸ִ׷ĵʹһ෽֮ѡɥĲһ֡ΪŴŴĹǸһֳԲ

Ӧ˵һһ

ԲЧѡ

Ŵʳǿθ֤ˣԲ۶ִǹŴǿɱ

ϲ˹ݵĴǺŻһµʱ乲ͬƳ˲ǿڸлǽȶѣһʦûơһˣƷܹʳгԳġ

㹻ƾԼĿζʳϲļȣɥĲĳԲֱû
һʱ䣬ϲ˹ݺԺŵľ˵ɷȥԽɽԤҪһµڹǼȫҴˡ˵Ȳʳ͵ǰΨһΪ̫СļֻСڹǼҲͱʳǸԤˣֻٳЩȥ߳Ҳ˵ֻ

ɼʹϲ˹ݵĵСϰ巽òԵ˵ʳǸʾڼѾûˣҲҪܵҲ޷ֹʳŤͷһ̨ϳԵֶ²˵еĿ׷ױʾԼҪԤҪҲҪһ̨˭Եôǵ˾ʲôζģ

һʢڵڶﵽһ߷塣
Ϊڶ죬ϲ˹ŵָſëдĹŴ²µĶ֮ǰ졷ʱĺʽɫֽһԴɰ׵ë֡

ֻֽдţٷơڽڸߡ˾͸룻
ұֽдţաڼͶһ㣡

ִо仰˵Ů˺СǮ׬ģŲ˲֪仰׼׼Ժܸε˵Ŵ˺͸̫̫Ǯ׬ģ

ź׻ǡǡʳͣȻ죬ǵĶ˶ԷСϲ˹ݼǰϲ˹ֻ˵ʱβŻϯЩΪڿƾǰһڽڸָòͷﻹ˵ǲǷ㣬һȺѧӴϾͿʼڲ˹ſŶӣȵСһѵ̵Ÿ򿪣ѹѹһȺ˾Թڲ˹ҸλӿʼųԽڽڸˡ

һߣΪڹǼȱɵļƻ֮ļӪöǵĸ̫̫̫̫ǶħˣÿŮ˶Լϲ˹ݵڼΪ٣һԵڼ̫̫һһڷǵľۻ˵ζ˵ǼǶôôۣ˵Լһֻ֮˶ˣ˵ǵķ/ӶǶôôá˵ûȵķ͸ˣصҲܲ˾Լɷ/ӣȥԼϲ˹ݶһڼҪǺȲڼչ

ǸŮ˾Ҫÿγ˼һﻰⶼ˵ûȹһţ

Ƽ̫̫յ˵Ƿȥϲ˹ݺȵڼûгζҳȥҪҳȥ𣿣

ǲǲˣǲˣҾȸԸˣ



Ȼģȷò״Խɽֽһ·ڹǼ󡭡Щȫȥˣڼһȱνλ֮ԽɽͶۻ˵ķʼԼҪڹǼȺʦǷôһʳѵõĲˣ

ɱص𣿣
ΪҪΪ

ıԹ˷һµͶʱʧˡ

׬Ǯϸµ֮ŵֲͣ˦˦˶ҡڡ

˦˶ڻζűʾڲ˹׬˶ǮûȤϾҲ֪˼ϸ׬˶٣νһûУǡԼöٵķֺ죿

ֻϰվ˷λϣһĳ룬Ȼŵķֺ̯ϣһſŶʱֻ۾ôġ

ӣ
Ȼӣ
׻ӣ
ʮӣ
ڵһμôһǮ

ϲ̲ס̾һ¹Ž⿪궼׬ǮȻһӴӸпתƵ˰ûڣûԼôͲȥ¶ѧ㴩Խʱ˵ʼһϵԲһԽϮ󣬱ԼԲ¼һͿźָֻܿһʼʮӵ˷֮С

ţоԼҪķֽһ

žðѾеȥˣ
֮ǰû׬ǮʱԼڶԢͳɣһƿžǴҪСӣ˹̶룬õɣоԼ۱Ƿ·ͻΪ壬һֻдСӻ
ҲҪǸĺԺԴС԰ûܴɽȪˮڸӾء

˳ȥ˷Ҫķӣ¼۸񡭡Ȼͷػˡ

ţ˼ҵļ۸ÿ´Լʮӵ룬Բȴһ׷_(:١)_

һαʵ˵Լģ̤̤ʵʵŶϲ˹ݡһߵ

ϲ˹ݵĴǵƳĲһĵźͷҲǿǵɱۺͷյ⣬ѡΪƣȻڽڸߺڼվ˽Ÿ˶ʱŽڽڸԲƷûеʱ򣬿˵һʣµûƵĲˡ

ȻʣµžͲٳһֳԲˣ˵Ĺżһ»ʳǾ棬Ƶز͸һӾ;岥棬һ岥һᷳʡ

ʣ˵ĳûнڽڸߺڼôߵˣŰʣµóԳԡ

ԳԣָĲ̵ÿ÷ɾ͸һСһ㣬ȻߺĿǳһһȻһ֣ܵڼǼƻ֮ļӪѷϲ˹ݵ²ΪһƷۣҲ˵

𵫷ڷʽ˹ڵ˽ڽڸߺڼʳͣһ̷ϲ˹δƳ²֮һΪֹ

źͷĿⰲʱܵ㵥ÿֻˣֻṩڼͽڽڸ˵Ŀˡ

ķչһϡ

˵Ŀζȫ֮ǰƳĽڽڸߺڼ֮ͣǶԲ˱ĿζԤûôߣڳ˵ʳ޲Ʒζ֮á

Ʒ˺óԣȻûʳ͵ĺ棬ҪԵƷ˵Ҫ̣ܿ㻨Ǯ򵽵ģҪڷϲ˹ݵڽڸߺڼҪ㹻õȷʱƷûꡭ

һȭʳǶǮֻܿܳԵĲ˳˿Ǯ˾ܳԵĲ˲ʺԼݣûǮܳԵ˵ǱǮ˻ǣԴ²˳ΪƷۺÿ춼гԲƷʳϰ巽NɇNϣͨ˵ӹϿ

ǲ˹ݵĽڽڸߺڼˣǳԲˣӶĲ涼ˣϰ尡˲Ƿϲ˹ݵϹ˿͡

ĲҳʮڽڸߺʮڼǮˣϰ壬˵һͲƴֵĴˡ

~Ǻܾķ

ŵĸ˼빤֮£ŬסԽǮջһֱڽڸΪвò֮УȲذûмƵĲóƳۣȻһƶûзʲôͳɹܣΪ˷ϲ˹ݵڲ֮е²ˡ

Ŭ׬ǮȡԼƿžǴСӵͬʱʢĵ﷢Щ顣

һԭѾ롰乬ٳͷ¥һοţҳϵڶʱ־£һʳָͣԪ

һԭļ磬ҲǽΣںˮȥֱ֮ߣǳһξ£һӽѶ




16.  ʮ   

һһ˵
˵¥顣

¥һڷϲ˹ݶͬ;¥Ҿ¥ǴžŸǰŵģƹǷϲ˹ǰϰ屻ʦŵĴͽТע뷽ϲ˹ȻžϵԴŨŨĶ⡣

òϵǣТǸ뷨ˡ

һ뵽˵ʳ͵¥Է˱˽³Ϊң¥˵飬ʹ¥ӿҵͿһȼҵöķϲ˹ЩŴ󼪡
ֱǰƼң˵һɴ˽ץŭСҶҵ꣬ҵԻ͵ĿֳΪȥ

֮ǰ룬¥Сϸ˫شϺϣ֮󣬴޸ҵ⵽ƻļҾߵֲ¼ɵ˺ҲҪСһʱָܻԪʵ֤Сˡ

¥µ޺¿ţΪƹТϽңӣһнԭһֱھ¥ΧʳǶں˵᲻ѧ˽ĵǣҲûȥ˵ˣž֪ʳֻҪ¥˵һͻʣܵڷϲ˹ҲŪ˵²ˣȻԳԡ

ԭһҵôȻˣ

ſ鷢չҲĿ࣬һΪǸТԼԽͬ磡

¥ĿٻָǷϲ˹ݵ󲻵ģҾ˾š衪ḷ̌ԱʾҲֻܸɿʲôҲˣǵ˼ҵʱټвк˩(`)

¶Ǹţڽߵȴйˡ

ںˮȥ֮ߣʢʱʬضϸǳ֮죬ߵԭΪѾ⧲֮ʬҰ˼Ҿ硣

Ψһ˸еοĴžǹŴͨʹߵĴڽεûӵԼ

͢ڽӵߵı˷ӦһһصĹؿֹοȾߵӵǣҲֹѾ뿪ε񷵻ؼ磬ȻһȺܴĿܻõҩģͬʱҲһȺʿһܿǻἰʱĴ㡪ҽƼչˮƽʱžó͢Ѿ㹻ˡ

ֵź˵£ΪĵȻңԶļߵĿܻŵǣĻΪ˴ʱ˿Ϊ޷ؼۼڶǳſڵǡ

һ֪ǣѵãܹ˳붼ǲģкܶǷ仡Ƚϳֹ룬ںˮһԥһֱӻҲŶ뿪磬Ȼѵ;ˮȥ˵ͷҪؼΪһαȥѵĳС

˷ڽͶ֮ǻ

һֱڣǲŴϼӵ˶ǡμҴ˵ʱ̾һ
̫ˡܸ͢ĶѾˡμҶ˵˴û˵Ļ

Ҫ֪͢ṩľⷿλɶ޶İ

ŵʱǡǵһѵǵʱⷿࡢλҲ࣬ͬһִ񶼺ܿҵ˹Ҳܿ⵽۵ķӣھһִѾȥĸˣӽθһһѼռ˳ⷿ͢ԭȱĹλҲ˶ˣͱһգ仰˵

ٵִﶼǳѾûӵоⷿ͹λĿˡ
ûǵǲЩؽǣôЩ˾ͺѻȥˡ

˺˵͢Ѿ˸ʾϣĴܸ
μֵĶңǶĸ̣Ϣһֵͨһ˵ϢԴ̾ˡ
͢˵İʵǲһԼﻹûȱ˵ģȥټЩٶ˵׳͢ǲԸԼİյġ
ʱҴҪĶҪȥ˵ģμֵĹӶ
˭֪һ򲻵ѣ˭Ҫˣ
½Ѿϳ˼˵ȫְҵְҵһڻϱעĳ֮ͣ˾һӶҪˣǸɵһ˼ҿܻ᲻˵顭Ⲣıһ˵ݡ

˵͢ĹͻڶǳſפѾ˳ſˣȴǰѡͿԵ˴ߡҲȥȥҿûͬ˻棬ȻǴμҶɵ

ǻиùü޵˸ڴ壬˼ӣ֮ǰһֱûϢи޵˽˵Ҳˣ֪һӳûСμҴɲ

Ŷʱμֵܴ˴ǰĿġԼһ𵽳Ѱ׵ġ

εǣԭƺܡûʲô_(:١)_

ԭļǼҾֻĵصںֱǰѾȥˣһȥңؼսӵεһ˼ңһǸʲôݸ޴֪

ŸͲ߱Ѱ׵Ļû˻Ѱʲôף

ŻԥԥԼǷӦЩʲôӦӦֵͬ磿ǷӦþԼһЩ

ֻԥһӣž˾ͷӦμֵܵ룬ԼõڶһһѰˡ

ųϣС˵ĴԽͬʣֱǸ
˵취չũҵ߹ŴʳˣᣬĴԽͬڴԽÿѧֵ񣬿ȴԼ±ⶼҪ͢ȼý
Ż뾡Լһ¿ԼֻܾһҲá

ִʱǸ¶ܳɲȫҵĲ͹¶ԺԺԼ˵İԭܹ֮͵ڽεĴׯӣڵܻôã˳ӳҲȫ˵ĺĺ
ԭ̫İԵҪİʱ򣬲ΪԼΪԭžͷǳϣԼҲܰˡΪЩ˵ģ

ҹŰԼ浽ļҵȫ̯ϣһʮӣСһöͭǮʼͷڱ֤Լ±Լˡ




ڶ죬Ÿμֵһ˳ǡ

ǵ·ŲǺ죬ϴγȥϴ峤Ѿȥ˿ˣôҲû뵽ľô

ǳһƬ̫ƽ¥ƽò֣
ǳȴһ硣

һưܣɿɼ

׵ĵطĸ򵥵éǽиǰղͬĸ
ﲻԶʩĵطһڴʳǳڵĴڳ͢ĸʾģĿǰֻܱ֤һһһÿ˳Ųȥˣ˻
״źֵҪȥĹٸڳġСšССһţǰһ͸ǰųһ飬Ƕǰ׻ǰ˵İջ˼ҵˡ
쳤вǺһǵͬ磬໥⣬ȻԹԵŶӣֵǡ

нٶȺܿ죬ǰҪͻָȥһСһһֵܿš
˸ǷֳԴʵѰ׻Ѱͻй

ȻѾ˽˵·۴Ŵ綼ֳúݵ꣬϶Ѱ׵ģһֻŵһһָ

ѰǸС
ͽġͬʱŵ

һ°Ͳǣ̧ͷϸ˿ǰСһ飺˵ģ

ֱͦ˼һ棺

شˣѰҲѰ͸й

ͽģ




17.  ʮ   ͽ

һʮ۵СѾʮüſǰȺ㵵ıоԼĺۡ

֪ΪһͰ󲻴ˣһھҪž͸һС˵ԼҪȥȡһ˾úЦôҲ˵ҪӡҪװɣ

ľҪӵģ͸ڽͷ¶ԺԺؼһҲҪʱѧԺƾԼ޷桢Ҫ˰ĺӡ

ͣ12ݣδ飩˵ǲŸϵģŲò⣬뵽ϲ˹Ⱥʦͽ֮Ļʱ뷨
˵һΪʦΪռͽܲԼ˼
һҪﵽкܶ࣬ռͽܣֻҪпԽڱ˵һ֮͹ˣ

ȻŵһסˣβŻعλСɾʦţѧ仰˵СʲôԽ̱˵ģ
ţڷϲ˹ݡ
һ룬Ŷ˹ݵİԭǸӣռͽ̳ܽգŻ㿿ף
˼˵˵顣

Ŷͽ˵顣
ţ
Լô㿴ҲǸĺһ㻹Ҫ̱˵飿

⼸һֱڳפڳʢһʱġ졷˵ع֪֮飬ܵػǰǲбͽܣ˾ףէһʲôϵ

ͽܣ뻹һ·ܹܹסĵطôҲڴڳҰյǿܶһһɣ˼ҵʦĻ᲻ͽܽᣬʲôϵ
ʣ֪ͽкҪ󣿡

˷ܣ۾ôģȻڼѾ˺üˡⱻһʾ¶ģΪģȷô˲Щж⡣

˵յͽͲúܴСһ㣬굽ʮΪѣ
˵ǸûС
ܴѵĶ׳Сڰ·ϾѾˣ˵굽ʮˣʮµ˶ٵÿ

˵ͽʶֵģģ
˵ǸûС
ͷ֪ʶϡж𿴶ڷ·ʶʺܸߣץ˶ʶЩ֣ԭȾũʱȥ飿

껹˵յͽҪòãްٶҵõ˰ɣ
ޱ飺Ǹ塣

壿
Ϊʲôῴ壿

ŲŲ⣬žԼСڷԼȻͱһСڵĵطȥˡ

˵˹Ǽһ°С
Сһ߽סĿ_(:١)_

ΪǺںڵģ۰׻Լɼ֮⣬ѾΪɹܺĳģˣ˵ǿٶ˲ˣҪϰٷѡ

Լǵ龰ˣʱЩŻϵ·ҲѾ²ǣŻȻ𵱳ѵ飬Щ·Σÿһ˵¡ÿһα۶ڵܲܿڶ̫ĵսľ

飬һʱȻȴԼ֮ǰЩѡ˵Ҫ֮෴ǣʼ˼ԼҪѡˣѡ˲У
̫࣬ȥġͽܡǲָԷ׬Ǯģ뱣֤ԼȺꡣ
ѡҲ⣬Ҫȵһǳ֮˻پȵˡ

Ŵ⣬ºС˵Լѡ˵һΪ׳ɣ׳ԵȥмĿѻžҪĻȺ

ڶްֽ̣Žȫ
ʱ֪ԼܽԼͽЩʲôҪ˵Ķͦ࣬PS߼ƵжܷڹŴ׬Ǯֻݶͽ˵飬Ȱͽ˵˵ķ
Ȼ˵ˣ͵Ҫ⡣

Ŀף޿

ֻԥһ£ҪˡĲļޡ

ִڵһʱͱǼϢÿһСﶼһӣߵ˻ᱻȥᱻÿһǶ졣
һСһͿʼɸѡʵѡһ͵ֱӿӾͿѡģڶֻҪɸѡ֮ԸûвԸģСŰһѡ

֮ǰһֱΪѡ൱ִĹ˾ԣΪԹٸӦƸ˳⣬ȻݶԷıѡõˣʲô֮ġʵȴˡ
Сµһé֮ǰǸȻҪСһţԿɼ󲿷˶ŵҪһȺһϣؿվţ޴롣

һĪΣԼ޷еˣעҪд󲿷ʧҲܱ֤ЩԼΪʦ˾ܹúá

ʱﻹʵóڡʲô
ԸЩʧӲǳǸСӣƤԼ۳Сˣѡ˵齻˴СȻСѡ֮ʹҴҴԼ³¯һĬͽȥ˻ȻִҴҺμֵܻϡ

μֵܲûҵԼĹùúͽ㣬鿴ȥЩ䣬ڵֱʱѾ˶ڵ׼ûҵҲԽܡ
˵յͽܣֵҲûò졪
ھӣദȱ˸ЩѲŵһͨʮ꺢ˣǿžؼҵĵˣԼһ˵գȫͽҲȫ⼸ͽܡ
ȷʵһԼúܲڡȫҽӼõкȥչžѾͷͽܣͽͬؼҼŵĽ飬˺ĵذһͽܡ
ֵ˷˻ιò˵ͽܣǳһɹ˸ͽܵı·ȥ˵֮˻ڳԼңˮؼҵļͥ³Աϴ˸裬ʶΧĽַھӡ

һֱæϣȵڷϲ˹ݽϵǳ˵μֵŷİڰֻԼң»ûӦԼѾͽʦźûкԼʦ˵һ仰ͽ

һʱΡ

ִʱҲн̹ѧΪһȺ֯мбµķ˿ҲῪ߻ʻһĶ˵ѧˮƽ˲PS˵žԼǿԳƵǸҵʦģҲѡͽʱ֮һ

Ȼûʽչӣڷϲ˹ҲǼôԴԼͽܵģһȻİԼ״̬ʦģʽ۲Լͽܣơ

ƺǶһƼݣһɹīڣһƤǣŷȥֻͽ߲ܳһüֱһģһ_(:١)_

֪Լͽ֣֪ܵͽԭĸģƽΣ٣ɾ޷ǰ˶Ӧ

֮ģͽ˼򵥵ҽܣתͷͽܽһԼ󡭡ָ˭˭

ž͸ȥѧУڰϵĵһ죬ÿ˶ҽܽصҷֳԼͬ˵һ֪һɡ
Ҫദܳһʱ䣬һҲԼһֱ޷ͽֺܵǱ˶Ӧ



ŵͽֱܷԡǮǵģĸգΪмͽܶǮһȻǲǸѡ˵СֱӰѡˡ

ͽܵͶҪСĽҲʮ꣬ĽѾʮˣΪԼݵʦͱǶҪСҲǻѵʹļͽȻҲܳĬһû˵ĳ

ǵ

Լ⼸ͽܶҪϲٵĵԼһкżͽ˯һʼô̵⼸ͽܣЩ˷ܺͽš

ʱ˵Ĺʦͽ൱ڸӣͽʦһˣǰʽǲ൱ڽӵԼļأ

˰

ǵһӵء




18.  ʮ   ͽ

ûչͽܵ˲֪ͽһֶôɰôȵ
ʱúܿ죬תۣԼͽദһµʱ䣬һÿ춼Ҫĵô̾һ顣

ʵ⼸ͽ̫̫̫̫ˣ
ŴʦͽϵȫȻִͬʦϵִʦѧ֮ǵҴ֪ʶ㸶ǮĹϵȻҲкܴһʦǱŽ˽ѧɲŵ̬ڽ̵ѧģѧ뿪ѧУ֮ʦĹϵҲˣڹŴһжһ

ŴͽܶʦǰѶԷ˿ġĲ˵
ִһʦ緹ͽ
ִʦ˯ʱ͵͵𴲴ɨʦϴ·ɹͽ
ִϵϴˮʦáϴ׼ʦͽ

ŵ󣬴һӡͽܾǻ޾ϸչͽܣ

ͽ˯ʣһ֮󣬵ڶһ磬űμֵܡϴ峤ͷļ֤¾һ򵥵İʦʽͽһһ裬аʦ񣬲䳤˴Сʽŵ¡

һſΪʽİʦʽȴǸľ㶵ĵעһͽգۼøųʱһ·ճȱŵľģ̶Žǵ뱾˶Ӧ

ŵĴӽԳɣͽ֮һʮ꣬ɥżͽ֮ĸߣȻҲΪһסĵӡ

ȻԳӡĲĸ߸ӣǿŲ˵統ġ߶ְֽɼ
ǰᵽǸʦ˯ʱ͵͵𴲴ɨʦϴ·ɹͽܾ
ԼĴͽ֮ǰŴûϻôɼкӣ
Ȼⲻ˵ԼͲɼ񣬺ôҲǴСס¶ԺסѧģȻùŴ¯շϴ·ǻġֻһñȽϲڣ·ֻҪĺպϴͿˣֻҪҪҵĶܹҵͲҡ
һĴͽԳס֮ⷿ˱仯

ĴͽԳⷿĵڶһ磬ɵĵһ¾ǰǰϴɹ·ϴһ==
ڶ¾ǰϴ軻Щãʱ򴩵Ƴ˿·ãšһԭȵĲˣ
µ춨С֡ĵλڼ죬ĸʦһҴﵽĒһ顣
ԭһ͵ӱÿһգڴ֮ǰһֱΪӱ͵ģһֱ˯Ÿ֨֨ľ崲Ҳľô޺ˣŸжġǡڱˣ

ŵⷿԳ֮ǰһǣһĽ䡣
ڽÿη˹֮鵴ʱĶŷЩʱľЩڼ϶õϣ֪Ϊʲôص֮תһȦҲûҵһõϵĵطǾֻܶڽջۣͳһǡ
ÿοǡͲãΪڰʾǸһǮûõĶˡ
ǣԳ֮Ҳˣ
ÿһ֪ĴͽܰҪĵطⲻ˵ûһǮ

Ȼ󲿷ְɼкҲǽ񱻼ߣ޷ԼһĲɾҲ޷Լߵһ˿Ĳɾ
ڷԼͽиɼ֮ŶÿϱԼͽܳȥϴҲûųˡųӴͽ˵ܲܲϴϴ²ǲ뿴̫_(:١)_

ΪԳԴʧȥ֮һθܵ˵ĹػֻԳɵ󷨹̫ǿˣźܿͷԼĴѾõĸӵĳϣΪ֮Ĵʦ֡

ŵĶͽܺͽܶǮҲ࣬һǮ࣬һǮࡣ
Ȼֲ൫֮ǰδԷûʲôݹϵҲΪͬյԵʣ˵Ϊǣͽ֮йϵõͬʱҲǹȵ

ǸǰҪϴʱͽܾ

ͽܺͽȽ϶ԾԵóĬ࣬ͽ֮Ҳ˲̫ۣʤڹʵǵĶʦֺʦֿȥػۻǵÿοҪһԼͽܡ
ͽĿΪȽϳĬԣͽΪǡڱڣ˵ɤֲ

ǵģڣ
Сͽܻأ˵ѾάˡŸȷŵͽܵСһӲϻ˼͸ģ

ͽܵĵȻǾǽǮѲ٣ò˵Ƣϰ߸ͽԭⷿһңйļˣлЦҲԭ硣




ͽˣŵŴȥһ˵ľ顣

෴˰ʦĵ죬ͽܵϲ˹һԼ˵顢üͽ˽һĹܹǵĶһԼΪʦĳߵλ֮⣬ʱŸֻͽܴڼһЩԼܼļѧϰ˵ٻ

ǶԵ೤⣬ǲҪɹ̫ȡڵƤףѧһѧǻٻѽĵΪԼͽܶġƻ

ûƻ
ƻӷҴѧġ

Ųûнѧ飬ͷʱΪһȺͻ֣ҲϿһ̵߽Щ־ҪΪԼϲĴС˿PSͰ棬ִĽѧ͹ŴĽѧǲһġ
ΪͽִܴѧԴʦ̬ȥԶҲ޷ԴִԼЩߵѧȥԴͽܡ

ҪԼ̵ĶǷĺԼȺͽܣҪͽǻ᲻ʲôر츳ΪѹˣҪТǰ̻֮ܳ֡ͽܶʦĲҾ硣

ʱѾʮķʦͽľֵĽˡ
ҴἱææͰԼı̸µͽܣԼͽں֣ϸ۲꣬ﲻģͿͽûеʦ츳ƷòáԴʦͷϲ˹ʲôȿòˣͽܺϸˣŷĵذԼıһһ̸ӡ

žͦãϾڹŴͽͽ̵ͽһӵ£һһѧѧƣ㹻ʱȥ۲ͽܡ

˼ȥҪͬʱҲ򵥵Լͽȥ

һԼֵ֣һѧ˵ٻĵԼĽ
δͽҪʲôһźÿһͨٻǱģ棬˵ĵһӡžԼͽܻʱȥһҲ

ִȦ˵ֽ׶ΣͽֻܻǸձн˾ġϰΪ˾ϰ壬ҪȺϰΪ׬ǮҪ̻ǶҪѧĶȻǷǵĲܲרעǸԵĲܣȵʵʱ䣬ٰǸԼͬʡ

һҸǩϰͽܣֻһˣԼС˾ĿǰҪ黹ǡ

ʡ




19.  ʮ   п

֪ͽܺʵ࣬һһǸ

ͽܾ൱лؼﲻǮɻˣһһٷͽܾ͵ţչʦճӻʦǲʦһ㱾¶ԼҲ¶һ˿ĲҲֻԼãûͨʦĿ顪

һЩûǮ˵˼ϲˣĻУϴͽţʵϸ˵Ĺ
ʵͽܸձؼҵʱ򣬾ΪҪͽܵģΪڽһֱ̬Ⱥ滹˰˰ʦʽ֮ŷԭԼʦǴǵͽܵģİǵͽ̵ܽġ

ŶʱΪʲôͽڰʦ֮ǰ֮ôˡ

ȻͽߵǸĵ·һˣǮˮһ

ҪľǳԷ⡣

׻˵Сӳӣʮ˶ڳĽ׶ΣǿӪߣԼһֱǺƤ䷽ϲ˹ݵԱģܲҪԼͽҲȥ˼ҷϲ˹ݵԱΪ˽ͽܵĳԷ⣬ֻȥסһŪһͬɩÿǮļ۸񣨺ʳķѣɩʱ˷ݵĸԼͽܳԡ

˳Է˵ƽʱƷҲȱ졢ϴ·ȣ㲻ҪһһݣҲҪֻ֤ܹùŻƴֵظһ˰ɡҪֻҪŲ춼ɡšɹ
⵼ͽˣΪǾɡ̫ɵ

һڰٳ󶮲ԼͽܱԼɡ£ǡ

Ǳͳòÿˣٲ׵ȳ˾͸ˣʱûҪǵ˭˵飿ſġ

ʦͦڵ𡭡ͽ̲ס

ţ
ţǵҺÿ𣿣ΪʦǽɫҪ˵ҲԼ׵ģ

ͽܲòÿڼϴ費ɹ̫ŬԼס

Щճ֮⣬ŻòóһǮΪѵѡ
ѵʲô
ѵ̬ѧ

ȻŻûüͽȥѧôһ˵ˣЩܣǲδһжõõļӦҪͽѧһѧģ͵Ҫ̻ôվôôߣҪ˵ٻнʶ֡

͹˾ϰרĿΣѵϰôվÿôšô·ʮǣŶԴͽܵҪȻôϸʵҲ֪ǵôߵôվģЩӦҪ˽ķΧ⼸ͽȷʵҪĿγ̡

Ϊһ·ͻʶһһͣһλֻžͻ濪ӾͻվʱҲһ˿ߵıŤ

⣬ٻѧϰǱҪ

ļͽܶǴӽֻ˵ļ绰ɼȻǶ¶ҪڶˣѧϰǵĹٻͳ˱Ҫ֮£ٻѧó㡣νѧͨ߱й£ڹŴһá

һʶֿΪüͽܿö֣
ҪʱʿܹݵʫԣܹԼ˵ڵÿ仰дܹöÿһϵ֣öдĻ

ſγ̶һ֮ŵļƻͽѧϰЩѧᣬȻ;϶ǰѧᣬҲһѧĺԴǵѧϰзֱ˵ıԺ츳

ѵָľעҪıīֽǮЬǮϰ·ĥƵģ·Ǯȡ

Եһ½ŰһµĻǾķֻ֣Ǯ̶ȣȵ죬˲˳˵ʱ򣬷ϲ˹Ӫҵ٣ͽܴ͵óԿʲˣ

κܵĴʹֿʼץԴŸôȥԴ
˲뵽ĻǵΪϲ˹ݵ²˴ǸֳӲ㡣
Ȼ;ִӾ岥׬ѵһ׸ѧ˵黷ڲ岥棡Щ̼ȡѣ
Ȼֱ׵ȥ棬ǸʧڡŴķʽ˵治¶ۼش档Ҫһ֬棬ͻᰲһһŮõľ֬ȻһﳤжȲӰµľ飬ҲʳǼס֬ӣ㹻ˡ

žͻʱһԼҪĹ¸ҳ˴ʮ岥ĵطͿֵܳƷ㿪ʼϵص֪ƷƣԼ粻֮˵˶ԷǮʼԼȡѵĴҵ

ڼպиɽڣΪɽصд˸졷ķ⣬ﲻɱưֻŮ֮ЦŭһɽڹĸɫƷǹ棩л֮ǰư˼ﶼһ飬ڰĸԷչճɾĸĸŮһãµʳǺǸж㣬Ҳڵ׬˸貧




ʱŴĹȥˣһתۣʢѹ＾١

ڸ½֮ҲͣˣȻ˵˺ܶˣûеĵزҪԼͬ࣬Ǽֵ˰ҵ¡

Ϣһֱϡ
ֵϢ˵֮ǰۼڶڳ͢Ŀ͸·İɶݶԱҪ߳ĳɣôҶµĳ͢˸ġ
ֺؽҲڳ͢쵼¿ʼУǻڶǶٸŴȥؽȥˣǻ½ļ԰ﱻ䵽µĻҵµļˣӵµأδڡ

ſʼﻮԼһ¡

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ٳĹҲҪнһ죬ȻԼˣµˣ࿴ᣬþա

ŵ룬졷Ĺ»ҽһ𾴵Ĵ̹ٵڸҲ˵Լһµʱȥ׼һµĹ¡

ԥµĹǼʳǽ̽Ĺ£ǻʵĶ
ڵĹͣԡ̷ۡµģԡۡȥˣŶԴ˾岻

Ϊˣһֹ֮ſʼʱ䣬ƽȥϲ˹˵顢˵⣬ǴԼ̵ͽܣȻ˼ʹһµĹ¡

ǱĴʱһλ֮źͽסⷿ

λ֮ǸһƯӵĺͰ壬ŵʵͽܡһվſڵĴ壬ʶվãʦ̵ǣ˫ֽҾ

ˣΪ£
˭ģ

״ңӡ
״ֵ˴Ϊѡ

ңӣ
ңӣ




20.  ڶʮ   ң&̻

ңӣ
ʲô
̲ס롣

ңӺ֮Ĺϵһ˵ڵ߳ſѾСͽܵǵңӵʱ򣬶֪ʲôȥԴ塣

Ҫ˵ңǡˡǴ˵Ϲ
˶ͬУͬΪ˵ˣһǲӼ˰½翿Ӻ˽鶼ǽ̻Сѵ˵硰̩һǿϮǰӾС˵¯Գһ˵硰㡱ֱַڶԵҾ¥˵飬ľû棡һֱһ״̬
Ҫ˵¥ͷϲ˹֮Դӹ⻷¥ĶТɢҥɱ˷Ҳǧң˵Ůʹ˽ΪɴѹԷΪҲ

˾˵źңǳСǸ޻̸֮

˵ǧһͷβҲ¥ͷϲ˹ݵĶңӶ֪ԼǸڡҪ˵ңѾ¥ͣǶ֮ûʲôҪһıҪˡ

ǳˣҲˣžİˡ
һİԵ޹ʲܵ©С
Ҫ

ңǸΪˣһһ;׽Żû߳أѾԡع֮ѡݵңʵͽָӵתˡ
һ˽Ļɹµ˵˾Ȼһ˴תһ룬ҲǺģ˵˺ôһҪòŻصְҵһݺÿڲûһű˿ʳ˭Ը㽲£

عĨȥԴϲڵĺߣҽڴԼҴһһֱڱ˺Ƶͽܣң¶һͺӵЦݣæѳζק˰ӵġ

ŽޣյһСܳ
Һʹû棬ö˶˵Ҽһ

ңЦǺǣһק˰ӵģĳڼ£ãȻĹˣСڴ˴̶á
ұ¥ûû룬̫ҪȥˣȥֻдֵܰңҾͺƤˡ

ţ
ңӱ¥Ѿһˣûҵ𣿾Ȼˣ
˵Тңͬ磬㲻ܹ˼ңôӼöûУ

һаԣһʱҲ˲ϰңӾ֮ˣң£ָǴ嵹һ裬ڳXXԼ˵ļƣ¶ģ

ֳ֮츳ڴˣ

ֳ
ղŻأ仰ͳֳˣ
զֱӽүүأ
ʮңЩһڲˮӲԼ˽ȥȻ죬ʼŵİ֮ġ

ңӳһ˵죬渶ͷβоݣµŵԼİ֮ġ

ϵǣң֮ˣòһʮСӵͷȻͬТ

ŵ⣬˽һ£ʵ¥ңԩġ
Ȼ˽ȷʵңЩ˵ڣֻǺСһ֡Ϊһӿ˱Ѫ˰ѵȥͱ˸˾ͰеĴ󶼹ڴⲿ
Ҫ׷ȾǴɵĴĻ̰ӽƼǧǻԼסջˣȻǻĸĸһδŮúý̵ûмʱŮ˱磬ֵΪõңӺ¥Ȳ޶֮ˡ
˭ûиһΪĸأ
СΪתƶ˵ע涼Ҫܵ¥һͨңԭûʲôݵҥӲʵԼŮһܵĳªתһܺߵĿ˻Ƽҹ᧿Σ
ֻϧһ¥ңӳ

ԭΪ֮ТϽңӣңӺТ֮Ϊ¥õĽϾͬ磬˵ݹӣңӸΪТŴϼĶǣȻͣ϶ңͻؼ磬ȸһȶȽٷƸ
žһĽ
˭֪ңӵ˵¸Тңӣ˼ңǰ֪

ңӵĽ¥ȹţԼڼﾲ޸ԭȵĹ£ֻŵ¥ٿţȥ޸İĸҲӺϺǵĹ£һΰʳǶ

˭ǹ²Ÿ˸ͷТ׵ذ¥ߡһȫֵͷϣԴΪڿԭӦõõĹǮˣΪ˷ֹңӵıТ붼Ǹ͹ݵϰ壬ϴڮöǵľ¥ûһҸ

ˣʧȥ˹Ҳû˽ңֻܿʣǮӣǻңҲǸԼˣһ¹ȥˣеǮԽԽ٣ɽˮĵزŲ棬ܾһȵš

дТ̬Ͳ𣿣ңӵ̲סͬ飬ңӱͬУֶǶǱˣͬڶǿԼƴͬһТ͸ӿˡ

˵ú񵱳ֳ¥˵飬˵ʲôȫȻһֶûƵġֳΪ¥˶ʳ׬˶ٵǮѾֳͷϡ˹Ȼֻͬ󲻿ɹѣСҲ

ңӴһͨТ¥ңƺΪʱˣڿ˵˴ǰĿġ

飿̲סظ

ң΢΢ףǣ͵Ϊд¡

ңӵģΪ飬Тڮ٣Ѿ֪˽Сֲ첻ĻģӦҪôȥдһˡһ˵ˣвʣǸܻὲµˣʲôûУһ˵֪ܸЩʲô˼ȥΨһİ취дһʵķҪĹ¸ȻԼıȥܶɽ

ǣ˵˽Ĺ¶ǷĹдд˵˶ңӵڵģ￴ϣңԸдĹȼҲΨһˣ֮ƼҹҲΨзϲ˹ݲܰӰ죬˼

ʵҪдһ̵ĲӼ˵Ĺ£ȷʵ޴±ʣ˼ȥΨ˰æʡ͵ԸæԸԼδ׬һ֮ˡ

ң˵Լ֮ʾҪ𰸣ָͽܷ֮ЦǺǵˡ

ңߺ˳˼

˼ҪҪң£ֻңһϯ֮ͻȻ뵽ʲô

ҵһ˶ûҵ̻

һĹŴ硣





21.  ڶʮһ   Ե&硭

뵽ĳִĳ粻һֵ̻ͺң֮ǰйء

ŵһ֪ԭ˵˵Ĺ¶ԼдģҲ˵˵˳Ҫ߱һÿڲźͺò֮⣬Ҫдʷ׳ʵĹ£
ŵѡԼд£ΪԼǰôӾС˵Դ͵Ĺ£治֪˵˶ҪôЩˣǿпڲţҪһ˵ȴڲдʵĹ£ҲЩ˶иĹҪ˿˵ȴûкõĿڲźõò˵㹻վڿڡ

˵Բ١

Ҫģм䵱һ
չЩйȴ޿ڲŵдĹ£ЩпڲźòȴһùµѰչЩ£йµ˾ԸԼĹдҲһ룬пڲźòҲܵõһʵĹ³Ϊһ˵ˣҲԴлһڼ洦ԽԽĶ

±ܲףԼȴѡ
ﱾвԺֲԼĹ£ȫȫдŵԼҵۣ۳ȥˣ֪Ϣһźù˵˵ȦҲֻҪ͸¶кõĹ£ûȱµ˵˲

ôһ룬ֱǸޱĴպ
ʲôɲȥ

ҵһԶŰ
ֻҪңӵɹˣû֪



ºңһסⷿšøõܵܡغһõһĲӡ

ⱾСӵĶԵȴƫƫҪ˵ΪСܷʳ֮׾ֻд˸ͷֳߴͽ̡
ǵģֵܣҸдĹµĿͷ㿴ɲԣٸģԵĻǾ̸۸

ңǱ̨ʣЦǺǴǱªСӣֻһ۾Ϳԡ

ϵǣΪд¾Ȼó£һ¡һ漰µİ¡һδɵĺдһİ

Ŀԡ

µֽСԵȡüֱףң֮ǰġμǡ֮ĹǺ֮ͬ

ԵǷԸĹϵİ¡
ﶼΪŮӦþ߱òһģһ䣬ȻƢԸ죬׾ھӣС浽󣬹ϵõУ׽ȴʤ׽á
ļҲֵ˹ϵãʱһ֣׳׶ѡͬһ죬ͬļ¡ͬĻΡͬģӭ׶顭
ҲΪһжһ;һ˲òһҹ꣬һϻ̣ﶴҹһƸͷŷ֡˸ϹŪˣ

ŵСдȻֹԹµңȴܹһСοͷ½˵ľ鷢չ

ͷܺðǧѰʹԼµķ̸һЦԷǵ鶼˺ڴ˵һɹ˿صĹ¿ͷ

ңԼʼ룬ǹŮ˹޴ˣһҪôˡ

еĲӣ̾̾͵ܵĹ¾棬֮ʹ²֪ζĳ磡֪µĹںδ
СдĺܺãҴ򣬱ϻ̸۸ʣµĹ¸д˰ɣ

ŰѼ۸һң̲סü
ӣ۸񡭡Ҳ̫˰ɣ
ۣЦøСƵĵͷһ˵Ȩ

һ˵Ȩ
ɶ˼ж˵Ȩ
ңһ⣬æѯʣ͵ܣν˵Ȩ
Сһҵص㡱ģǡġظңӽʲô˵Ȩʲôһ˵Ȩ

˵ȨһְһĹ½Ȩ
ңӾھȻôȨСȴдʡ

µӵ˭
дµˣ˰ѹȥˣдµˣǽµˡ
ǼȻдµˣҪ˼ҵĹȥ׬Ǯǲǵðдµ޶ķΧȥʹ£˱˵Ķɲðⶫ˵Ĺ涨ȥã
Ҳԡ
дµֻȥ˵飬ѹȥ͸˵ˣҲóȥ飬
Ҳ֡

ңӷ·ֻС˳˼ҵĻ˵š

СŽŸңռνһ˵Ȩɶ
СĹ˵ȨǿԷֵġ
Ȼֻһǿкܶ˵ͬʱڲͬطһѽǼȻˣͿ԰˵Ȩѽ
ңӿе£Сʹһ˵ˣңǵһԾͽһ˵Ȩһԭһºܸߵļ۸ҲԽԭһʮģһ˵ֻҪӾͿ򵽣ǲǺܿף

ף
ҪǮɣ
ңֻǰֻһ١
˵ôһֻҪأ۸񲻹¥һµĹǮ֮ǰİѽСһҪٵö࡭˼Ǵ·һֹҪˣһֻ޶ë޶٣һȺ޶ë޶ö࣡
ô˺ͬһ£
˵˺ͬһ£ǶǵİĹ»˵ģ

ô죿
ֻҧгݶǰֻΪԸļǮ¡Եڶڵ˵Ȩ֪͵ܿԸ
СȻȻʾͬ⡣

˰Э̵ݣŪһλ֤öԼ
ңԸԾӵļ۸¡ԵڶǷΧڵ˵ȨҪڰѡԵдýңӣ³Ҫܽ£
ԼһɣЧһΥһ˿Լ鵽ٸ״͢Լⷽ沢ûκεƣֻҪֳΥһнԿɷһнԿɳԼ

ң뿪ʱ̲סͷСһ⣺Ȼ˵ȨǿɻȨ
СشȻȻеġ

˵滭ȨҪ»ɻҪǮģ
˵ϷȨҪųһϷҲҪǮģ
ٱ˵ȨҪӡɸСóȥҪǮģ
˵

ңѾȥˣСӼֱǵǮ۶ˣǶԸóԺѧ졷ͽܣˤȥ

һߣң뿪֮Ҳʼдˡ

ڷôдԵ¡
ԵĹǰһС˵ıģԭʵĹȻ졷̨ܹʶ´֪ģٸԼһԶ¾㲻ǰľʣʱҲǸùˡ

ŷԼҪĹ¡
ңϴѾȥһˣһµճȥ졷ͻؼдԵ
ȥ켴٣ֻʣû졶졷Ĺ¾͸ˣҪһϣٽ⣬ϸ죬ĻҪᣬµĹȴûͷ

ңӱŶﲻٵĹװż/ԲеӾ綼رʺλ½žͲͬˡ

̫ˡ
졷ԼӲѹ˹ȥ˸߻˸ȵ塱Žڵģ֮ǰֳһѵ飬ʵڲ֪ٽʲôģٽʲôĹ¡

ѵҪȥͬĵġԪô
Ҹܽģ
ﻹܽķ͵ģ

Ľһңǰ޽ɵͣȻͷԱ

ѡԵıд꽻ң֮ͻȻ֮ͷԼҪپᵽ׸ýʲôˡ

ΪǸͽһˣ
ɤӶ˵Ѿ̸ʲô˵飿
ܳŰѡ졷´
ԼǸûн뷢ĺˣ
ȻǸӣ
ŶǸ_(:١)_

죬ϲ˹ӭһ߷塪

ڲ˹ڡء˰֮õġ졷һ˹β
Ȼµԭɤƹɤӣпһʳǡµһ׷µĹǶû¶һ˿
Ѿϰ߰ѹе˹˵굱һˣһ·ǿһ㳤ˣǿ®һ·/ĬĬŵ£СһȥЩڰ֮еı˺ϲá
һھӼҵĺһ
˭ԼϤͻȻأ

Ϊư˿ƿİڵڶβμӿԵʱû˵İӣСһƽƽ˿ƾ٣Ҳɹ
Ϊڿƿǰˡè̫ӡһ˽ܰʵ۳Ϊѣͨƾٿ֮ܿͱʵ۰˸̹ٵĹְӵ˵ز鿴ѰȨһδưСֶӣС÷Сչѣ̤ǡߵó̡
ͬĹϵһΪһطĸ٣̫ү־һҪڹٳϳԽشĻϲԩС㱳ΣڳΪ̫үĵһʮ˵ϸ鰸İӱЩ˼ĴڵýͷöǱ

졷Ĺ¾ʹ˽˹·ǿҲĵطš

һȺʳѵûöѶסǵС˵ϳһ졷۶

ͷȻʧûܽԼǣСǣǵʧڵڶʶ˷ϲ˹ݣλϵ˲˹ݴ²֮졷ĹѾˡ

ɻûüƽԼ˵飬˹Ǹ˵˵̨ϣһϤӰ档

¥˵ʳŴ۾ָ̨˴󺰵Сңӣ

ӼžʳǷ׷׽ͷӶOO@@˹ֲѡ

ңӲǾˣֳһҲӳλϣһľľ

عִ֮ʴңĹ¡Եɹӵ졷Ϊ˶һǣǵŮ//ųԵĴ

˶עⲻĶǽߵĴͽܣסⷿſһССľƣľ֡

ѧǡ




22.  ڶʮ   Ѱҽѧ

˵졷ϲ˵ʳǶʶع֮˵˵ĻԵĻ˵Ȧʼع֮ˡ

޹أΪع֮дµıʵ̫ˣ

Ȧʵףһ˵дһ׷Ĺ²ʲôر£Щ˶һʮʮ꣬һ֣䶯ǣˡ
һ˵дһһ䶯ǵĹ£µ͡ȫ֪ͬ˵˵ʵжǿ

졷жȣ˶ǿġ

ڡ졷ľ鿪˶ٵۻᡢĳΪ˭ֿ˶ٸľЩǰĶᵽݶŲ˵ԵһڶǵһŪһһ˼ڳ졷

ǵģȻұ϶׸費ǽ˵ɷϵǣΪһִ˿ڵи졷߸ʼ׶˫ص㣬ϲҲòϲҲãһͻᳪ/֣ܰиʶ

ɼʹٲԸҲűӳϡ˶ᳪ졷

Ҫ˵ƤСͻȻýе˳вǿʼԺΪΪڵ̼һ͸ÿɼ졷ڶǻʲô̶ȡ

ڡ졷ĻȦһʼԤϵġ

ϾȦع֮ǰûưĵĹ£Ȼðע˾˶Ŀһ»鶼ǵġ

ȻȦ⣬ǵʳǶع֮Ƴ֣Ȧ˵ڳʧֻ֮ͷԼĹ¡ֱԵĳ֣

Եɲǡ졷ģĲӼ˵İ£һֱڽְ£֮оϵģ

Եǵʳһȼ˶ңӵʱ򣬶˵˽·ԵΪʲô

ԵĻ𣬹ؼˡ

һ˵ңӣ߱˵̾˵鹦ףҲԴ׷˵ʳͣһȻ飬ִ˵ңӾǸԴȵ壬ġԵһ־ôȥȥҲǺһ¡
ⷽ棬˵˻ľѧġ

һؼع֮д¡Եµˡ

˵ļɺ͸ѧһµ·ȴǿѧϰġ˵Ϊ˻صװֵֹģ͵͵ܵϲ˹ݣ۲ܽ͵ѧһ·ʲôôʳͶҲ뿴ܲѧһѧԼĹҲû

Ѧ͵ѧ֮һ
ֻǲͬ˵ǣ˶˾˵ˣѦһ˵ˡ



ѦҲڶС˵ˡ

ң¥һ˵һٳ˵ְҵ˶˵ǰ˶հ׵гҪһһѦҲһ

Ϊ˵ҪĸҪ󶼱Ƚϸߣ³ȥһ˵˵࣬ɹҵȴ١

ųɹˣѦȴΪĹ¸߿ߣձг̭

ĵѦҪһ˵ˡǲܹһ˵ˣֻȱһõĹ£

Ҫ֪һʼ˵ˡԼĵһ¿ͷʱҲǺģҲйʳǴ߸ݡ׷ľֻΪǸ½ʱԼԽԽˣʳҲԽԽˣձ¥ˣһ˵ˡ

ȰҪٽȦӣԹԵظϵѧԺ˷ְɣɣ˵

ҲģһһΡ

ѦԼһ

ڵһ˵֮ǰһֱǼĹԺӣԹԵѧ˷յԸȢıáһǸ˵̨һƾľ֮ͱˣĸоסˣָоʵǡ̫ˣ

Եȥһ˷ʱʶ;ܾˡôһԼĵҲ֪ԼôˣĸԸ뿪ԼٽֻҪдһù¡

ʶʱѦĻͿһѪ˵Ѧﻰ
ʵһ룡뵱ĿĴǣ㲻룡
ִ̫μѡĿѡֶ뷨ˡ

Ѧڡдһùˡ

д£д£дĹ¡Ĺ£ûԸ

Ϳʼڸ¥֮䣬רȥ˵Ĺ£Լϲãѧϰ˹д·о澿һʳ̲סһԵоص¡

ǡԵ£Ѧ׷ԼдһµĴ㡣

ʵ¡̫߸֪ˣ

ԵȻǸһۿȥֻúͨİ£ʿֻҪһ۾;ͻ֣ᷢ±ȫ߸вӼ˵İµġ

ȣǸ¥ܹİ¶ֻһŮ˹ģܰһС֮Ĺ½ǺˣԵȴǸ˫ŮĺԷ֮İ£

Ů˹ǳͬһһڽϺլһĮ߾Ѧңӽµʱͷ֣ңڽµʱʱлߵĳ;飬ڹеʳӦãɱоһѦȴҵʱ߾ĥͷǡ

⣬Եһ㻹ڡŮ˹һͽˣ

Ѧ֪İ˵ߵĶŮ˹żȻʶȻͨɶĶ飬谭ǧ࣬ղճɾ·ӡԵأ

˼һ˵Ļ

ŽϺլƿͷһǶ˾ͿʼˡҼװź̸֪͡ǼŵһҪ̸ֵĻм仹˲ټеƶͰ
ڱ߾ļ޸Ů뽫һֱӿŮǶо˳ǣС͵ϴ·ߣһһһһսĬսֻ˴ͷ䵽š

ûмҳķԣû֮߰żһǻʲôǧճɾ˼һǾļҳǰ£Сµģ˱߾ио֮⣬֮谭ڣÿĹھˣ

Ѧ˵˵ĹܽһܻĹµıرڡԵȫûУ

ԵĹ¼죬ΪϴνԵķڹ˵黰໥ŶԷµʳֻýµңһӲǵӲ

ƫƫһԵĺܿġ

šԵµĹҸǽеǵǵˣÿνϵĹӸŮ˵黰߱Ľ۳ɳʱһȺ˫ֽͨд㣬·Ǿǹ֮еŮǡ

ΨѦڱһ۲һµʳ͵ı֮󣬲òɥسϣȷʵûдһ׷ĺùµ츳

ҲӦҵ˵ֵַصһ˷

һֱϣԼһܳΪңһ˵˵ѦھԼʱΪ˸ԼһССļסڷϲ˹ݽ˵Եµңӣڷϲ˹ݳһٱ㷹ڷϺ˲پƣžƾԼĿȫ㵹˶ԭΪԼ䵽һ緹ңӡ

ʵһ˷ҲûʲôãѦ˵ÿĵĽ¥Ŀ˻᲻٣õĹ½Ժһ»᲻

ɣɿɿɿǡѹءۡѦңǿӴޣŵ롣

ңӳ˰ûܰӳտǰ˵Ϊ̾˿ȥѧ԰ɡ



ǽѧǡ

ѧǣ

޵ûڵصѦʶңӵĻȻ˹ȥһǻƻ裬ǳԵʳѾ׷׽ʼռλӣѦǱλõʳ͸ѵġ

ѵѦĨ˰ԼǶٷǮλƳţżɽ̫ã

ѧǡ

֮ǰȾʱңӶ˵Ļ

ѧ




23.  ڶʮ   Ѧͽѧ

ѧǲֵ, Ƨⷿ

ѦǴطλþ죬һȻǲԼʱˣҲ˼ңӸʲôû˵, Լˣ

ֱ, ŵӵⷿŪýļ́ͷŷһ˼ҵܽϹһ顰ѧǡӡ

Ѧһһ紩Լ·ǸطȻǸһ顰ѧǡľƵķſڳͣһʱԥŵ׸òŽȥ

Ҫȥ
طǸʲôģ
ʲô
Ϊʲôңӻ

ĶһʼˮѦ²һϴ·, ȻһѸOO@@ڸʲô, ﴫһȺ˳

ͷ~һƬ~~һ~

׸ôô죿
ѦЩˣ

ڳ졷
нѧǵСݺع֮ʲôϵ
ֻǵ볪裿

ѦѶ, ˳, ţ̲סųųţյĴžʹ, ͱ˼һϳˣҵغΧ˹Ѹ質֮Ѧź֪طԼȻѾ==

»ع, Ѧѹעص˸ղźһ𳪸Ǽϡ

Ѧһϳһ, ǴͬʽİɫۡǰɫĴֲЬ, Ӹ߸߾¶ĸ첲ְͷȫ߸šһһͷ˿Ҳ¶, һľ̶ãͬǰʱ빬͢ʿ

ķɫ΢ȴɫȣСཱུģϲü͸¶ų·˽Ǽӵĵվñֱ˫Ų££ȥĸɾֽһҲǴӽ񣨶˶֪ⷿס񣩡

һſ߸߰źãȻѦˢˢ˫ƽҾһһ·гһֺÿÿѦ˾ǰһȺ˻һſһǺϳء

ԭһµѦ˵ľٶһסЩվſڵ˲ʧ˸ɾӿһϣ

Ҳң˵طҵԼ³Ϊ˵˵ķ



Ҿʺ֮طɢɨĨȿʼɨСԺӣǽ䶼ŹڷϸСǸóһɡͷȥҲ֪ǳȥʲô

Ѧصؿ˿աûо갡
⺢Ӵɡ

С߸д

С໥һۣ΢һǸ¶СǰһСòʵΪζ

ҡѦһӿǡ

ѦʵҲ֪ԼΪʲôֻңӵĻŶżĶѣ﾿סʲôˡΪʲôңӻ˵ֻҪܹԼ˵ΣѦһŲ֪

֮£ֻ֮ܰǰңӵĶԻһȫ˵һ飬ϣǰСܴЩʲô

ֶһǸյߵǸ߸OO@@˵һѣ߸ȻһοѦԭңƼĿ˰

ȻΪȫͷԵѦȥһһϤ顣

ʦع֮ңΪĪ֮˴Ϊʦס

ع֮Ĵڶ˵˶֪ѦȻҲ֪һ˵طع֮סֶַԵϣѦ˾͸ˣΪ˷ܵΣ뿴ܹд졷͡Եȫ׹µع֮סʲôĵطƽֹŰԼҲһģǲǾдùˣ

ѦΡ

СһѦǰ棬һѦĺ棬·ҲûУӯؾߣѦҲ̲סǰĸ߸СƿţѦȽݣѦһݣڵĳͷһ㶡

Ϊڵĳʵǡ̫رˡ

͢סⷿʵǰЩٹרŽסĵط
ʱĻʵ۸ոյǻǰЩ̰ѹյĸŴ󻧡ŸŴ󻧴ԹѹʹȫӼ˳һȫгꡱɱ˾ɱʮ졣
ЩŴ󻧺͹Ա̰ķ֬ȻϽɹ⡣

֮ЩǰԱͻ׹ݵĸۡȫĻʵ۴͸ĿܵܶЩԭʹӾסİС򱻻ʵṩѶⷿ

ȻǸסģӱȻͲ̫ãһⷿҲһԺӺһӣСһҲ͹һŴһӼӵġ

ѦǶˣԴ˵غ˽⣬ڽǰѾ˻ῴһ䡰žǴ¾˯Сˣ׼һί佱̨ʣӳһȴȫͬ

ûдҲûԤеӣ

䷿˸ɾĲϯһһ飬һ϶죬˾ſǽϣһҲռطһǽһ߸ߵľܣһЩ顣

Ѧ˿ĵط
ڿĵطһŷССžͷǳѡǼŲˮеѦһϣŲ豭ŷ磬ֻ泩

쳹ңӱȼﰡסĵط˱һ

İϢشϷЩӣЩӽһֱڴߵĸ߸Ȼɸ߸˰ϡ

ʦ峿ȥˣڼУ˼¡
Ѧæ˵ûϵѵҪָ˼Ϊ˼һֱڼ֪֮ĺ

˵ҿС֪ʹʦڣСҲһ֮

˵գͰЩѦǰơ

Ѧһɻַһӣֻһۣ۾Ųˡ

дӵ˭֪дģȴһ۵

˵һ˶֪ĵطиңΪơҹۺ񣬲̣𾴡

һգһλȹƹʵ۵ĺԻصڹ̳۵غ飬Է֪֮̾꣬κξõʱȴ˸߹ݵϺУغ䣬Ϻҡһ䣬˷µĹʿ˽ԾԹ

ʿȣһ仰
Ҫϰô˷𷨣ǰ죬ȡ澭

غܸлŹʿ̤ȡĵ·

СӵݵͽˣѦȴƽ
⣬ƺһµĿͷ

ѦдΪԾ̲סַӣС޲һʵĹ¿ͷÿһͷ̲꣬סҪǰҪȡĺ·϶ʲôҹʲôȵȡ

ǣΪʲôҪЩ
Ѧܾʲô鼴١

Щǣ
߸¶ɻ󣺡ѵΪ˶

߸ЦΪңġԵǴӺζ

ѦȻ֪ңǡԵع֮дġ£ѵ
뵽ʲôͷԼСӣһϣؿǸ߸ꡣ

߸ֱͦ˼Ϊ˲ˮĪ

ǽѧǡ
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24.  ڶʮ   ѧ

Ӹ߸Ѧ֪, ѧǣʵʦع֮һרºչµġתվ

ݸ߸˵ʦع֮ڽ꡶졷Ϊԭ, òͣ˵顪¶Ѧ֪, Ͼع֮ŹѼɤ˵ˡ졷ڶǻСһʱġ

߸ŻɫµʦڶǸѣʶ˲ٶиֹ½ȴ޴˵ѣǡʱңӴ֪ٵ˵˶ûһù²òȻ뿪ҵһ, ʹһд˺˵˵ĵط

дµǿ԰ѹдñ˵µҲͨͷҪҪ, νһٶ, ෽档Ϊʦҵдµǽͬ, 㽫˴ȡΪѧǡ

ƺѵһôԸ˵ˣԽ˵Ѧ̬ҲԽãʱ˵ܺˣͻȻЩʲôصȥ򲹶

õⱾ, ΪμǡҼʦһͬ磬һж

ѦŸ߸Ļ, Խ۾Խ, ԽԽ졣

һרΪ˵ṩµĵط
һȱٹµ˵˵õù, ɿԵ˵˵ĵط
ⲻҪ𣿣

˿ڿˮڸ߸йؽѧǵǰȫ̲סʣʣεõȫ£

߸գõ۾, ʶһֱһ಻˵İꡣƬ̣Ÿƹɤӷһһ˵
һ˵Ȩ

߸ȻʼѦϸ˵Ȩһ˵ȨȸѦİĳƺ

һº󣬶ֵľ¥ϣһԺΪѩӡ˵˳λʳ͵ǰ˴һΪμǡĳħ֡ʵĹ¡

¸տʱԸµʳǻ٣ϡϡҵѣҪ˵λѩӻƫҪЧ졷һٳع֮ÿν֮Ҫһ̲סҪüġŵǣġ͸Ͽˡ

Դŵ˵˶¶һЦݡ

ѩӻΪԼĹ±ع֮ġ졷ô
˼ʳԸⰾ졷ΪĹ£ɲζǾԸһ֪ĸ깶С˵˳裡

˭룬֮죿

μǡµĿͷŵĸıԭȵĳɫתһϢ˿͸Ŀͷ䱾Ϊֹоϲ˵˿˿ͷԸ⻨Ǯ»صнͷд£Ҳ¡μǡĿôʣûһסµʳ͡

ڲѡµʳҲֻǱŲ鰮Ĺ²ǿġ

һǰȫ硢ΪʮоĹ£ΪһͷĸĶʽˣ

ȹ½е˹غдָɽ½ֻ˵ѹɽѾĺӲԼͽܵʱԭֻǰµԷʱͷʳˣֻôô棡

һֻ˵ĺӴ
ȻǱѹɽµ
м便ʲô£

ȵ·չʼֻӴͽγʲôѹɽµʱ򣬾¥ѾΪˣ
ѩӽֻӴ칬·սʱ򣬻ֽкãеСϾϲףһ鹲ͬһϯμǡոˣ

ȵĳվ磬ѩ͸¶ڽѧǣһнѧǵĵطС졷͡Եµع֮סμǡĴжع֮磬ǶͬһƷġμǡϿɶȾ͸ˡ

ֲÿ˵֮Ҫأԭ˼ºع֮ԨԴģ

вˣԣָЩһֱڹעѩӵ˵ǣһϢ̾ʹѧ

ѩӣҲѦǸʲôˣдʲôĹ¡쵽ʲôľأЩȦ˶֪ͻȻҡһŸѩӡſһμǡĹ»ˣ

ǧĺ˭֪˭
ͻȻ֮õˣɲʲôϣ

ǳ籾Ⱥģһ֪޾Ѧ֪µһ뵽ң÷ˮǵСġԵѧǸʲôطһŶ壡
Ϥ·ĵڶһͰԼʰ޵ģȥع֮ңҲǽѧǵĴˣ




ĵȴ˿£һȺ˵˼ѧǣűг״·һо֮УͽܳݵĿ⣬ĵиСڵغޣ

հӣҪӣңء

ŵҪѧǣ˵ֻһʱ⡣
ǡǸʱǰ־ʹ£Ǹ֣ͽܼԼ˿ΪһڵңӣʱǡǡãͶȥˡ

ҪһִںʱصĽѧô׵һ

һʼͦ׵ģ㿴һòǺܿͷһңӵͷϣһڶ춫ɽҪ첻Ҫ̫׺òã

ΨһҪľôԼСҴһܹϡѧǡִĸߴϵĻ֮ء

Ѧⷿ˽ȷʵûңӰݷ֮ʱźͽܾǼһСļªֻдεСתףÿϴֻܰԡͰᵽԺ¶ϴ

ӽӴ֮ңӿԣʽдΪѧǹ˺ͳ˵˿ͻУ

ǸʱֻΪֻҪңӵ̨ѧǾҪʼӭˣмʱ̫٣Ҫ㹻򹩸˹µıǮͼͽԼѣҲû㹻Ǯʱȥװ޳һ磬ǣһҧһš

ͰѷĴ֮ռطļҾȫȥ_(:١)_

ǵģⲻ
ŵȻҲҪˣɶȨڳ͢ģȥѾǴˣ˹һӵĻҪ_(:١)_

ŰЩռطļҾȫͬһŪĽͬ磬һѱ˵ϯѣ˸ľ˸׵ܺͰģǰִӾװ꣬ڵ˲ϯףѰԭСĿռÿտֳӵ㡣

Ͼʹͽһѱ췭ΪңٰѱѷڳһãֻԼޱȡ

¾㱸ֻǷңһٵǶѧǵȥͿ԰ŴѧǸ

һȣ͵һ£

ң͵̨ˣԵĹ¶һˣѧǵӹﶼ֪ٸҹҹˣվſڰ˲֪ٵ峿ˡһֱûŰݷã

ɵˡ

ŷӦĺöĹ˿Ͷ̲סԼȥҵܸ˵ģҲеĹ˿ͻսͣͲ˶֪Ǽҵ꣬Լһ˶ռҵеĶ

ңȻǺߡ

ؼĵطӣ֮ѦңӶ֮żֱ֪ԼźõϷҪôȥ
ǳȥѾʧȥ˷ϲ˹ݺͶ˵鹤ճֻʣµ﷽²Ʒ׬õԽԽٵÿ·ֺ죬ԤôȥһҪżͽȥȥ

Խ룬ͷǸûͷС˾Ϳ޵Խף

ҺãҺ첻ңã

޵QAQ




25.  ڶʮ   ѧ&ɳ

Ȼв覴, ѧȷȷʵʵڶǣڶǵ˵Ȧˡ

ҲտʼʱǼ˵ҲֻΪѦʱ͸¶Ϣе, Žнѧǵĵط̽̽·, Գǡع֮ͽܡİдС졷Ե͡μǡͷСӰʱڳ˵˶ˣ

Ȼģ

Ȼһط˸ĪĹ£

ط£

Ѿǿڶǵ˵ȨѾˣҲ赲סҶֺܹĵط飡

Ȼطô£ǵĸҲһ
ֻҪܹõ£Ǿһңӡһع֮һѩӣ
˵˶ôš

ѧʵûʲôˡ

͸տִС˵վһŸտ, ûУĽǰվעΪվǩԼأ

ҪһС˵վдд, ҪôǮøһ, , ЩߵĶߣҪôĿ⣬һ󲨶ߣߵҪվ߻ߡ

վҪ˲, ŶȤζȡ˸С˵վֵʵеĽѧǵȻҲ˲ġ

ʽȱȻֻʹõڶַͽܿеġдµʦͬ硱ʵΪ˳ʵѧʹõԼ׶ѡ

ֹǡμǡж, С¥Ρ߲ѩۡի֡Щŵǰֺǵȫ, λҲǿаˡˡ, Ϊ֮һ

Ų˵Լպýڣһοʱڽ̵ӵͬʱȥ⡣

ԳھԽŹȥһʱ䣬һм䶼ʣŬԼǰִĶĸֹװӾװС˵, ɸѡкʵĹ£ȻֽЩµľߡҪٳԼ߼ķдЩµĿͷװһСӡ

˽Щ顣
Ҳ˶Ǹ·˵ܡ

ֻѧǵֻһҪһô̵ʱôಿֻǰԼеĶհҲ㡣֮£ŲòԼһʼԽѧǵ룬ԭ趨˵¾͵Ĺظĵÿһ

Щ˵һ԰һеһ˵ȨȫȻҲͲʲôڵһ˵Ȩ˵ȨˣֱӺһһһ۸
ÿ£һ£Ȼſ֪ͨʱ䣬ڹ涨ʱ󿪴ţжȤ˵ǰ۸ߵá

ʽȻһʼ౳룬ֲģʽȷʵűɺܶࡪ

һֻҪһ¡ɹµĴٺͿͷÿõǮ֮⣬ǵҲᵽġǡؼ˵ڵ˵飬õһʽմ££ŷԼҪٳȥ˵ܹԼԼͽˣ
ˣÿ»һǮΪδͶʵĴ
ɵĻˣÿ׬Ǯȴûм٣һʵŵ̲ס̡




ַ·©һֱҲûʧ
ǵģûãžӭꡣ

Ŷµеܺ桪

ûִʱؿĴûпԹ²۵ֻ͵ԣûлϢ໥ֵķ˿Ⱥ˿Ҳûо͹˾ûûҪС˿תĸͨ͹棬һøġС

ȡ֮ʱͽܣһӽѶͬͬǡ

ϦǰһܣԼ׬ǮȻнʮ֮࣡

ԾǮƴʮӣʮͭǮͽǳţЧõ֬࣬ͽһµӶµ·ʱرͳͳ˻ȥܵ϶ҷϲ˹ڳϦҹһˡ

ȳϦ죬ͽǱ㴩õ·ϵμֵһڷϲ˹ݺþƺò˴һ٣һֱ˵㲻װϵشȪ֪һοġμֵܣ֪Ҳſ޳

ڿʲô
ܹô̵ʱһʮڶվȽŸӵ˼ˣͽܣܹǮ׼·ǰִĶʱʲôĵģ
ΪʲôҪޣ

ǺȵıȾƻ·ûƵĴͽܱؼҵġ

ʼŴͽܵĶ·ȻԼ˱ʪ˰Ӻһͷڵڶ죬Ҳĵһѹ

ͷΪ̫ûǵģһʱŶԼԼǸʱڽʱżżִѵ֣żðһȺڹŴӴļ˵Ĵºţڱ˫һֱŷ߾ԼͽͥԺűˣ

Σס۾

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ΥԼļ֣ʱִ˵һֻֻԼ֪ĳϮ£ԼΪ˷ֺԼһϰߣʧȥҴΪһ
Լŵһ󶼳ԼԤϵķչ£֪޾кԼº˱ˡ

ôõһ˲ھƵ±ͷųӴԽһȫԺзš

Ҫ˵ȴϰһδξܾĻ桢Ǽҳϱҵ¥Ԥȫ෴ͽܡȴδܰ뷨˳չĽѧǡ

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ĵһͲˡ

Ĵ˵Ĳǡġ左ۡССͺôƵµģҪ룬ſġ

һ꣬һֱԪ½½вʱļݷúͿ

ϲ˹ݵϰ巽ͷҴǡжϴ峤һҡĺһѶĽͬ硢˵ңӺѦкϵǡСӡԼû뵽Ȼʱʶôˡ

еΪ뵽˹ĸĸ̫ĲŲģȰһǰžĸĸҲϣΪǶĲġ

ҲΪ̫۲ļ޲ȰϢ˯ַԵʳ͸㣬ǰչͽǧ

μֵƺԭᵽ˳ϦҹһκȾϣѣÿ춼Ǹ

ʵϣͨͬ߳ǶСӡ

СԪڵǰһģĵĺӲûôῴɫҲ֪ŲӦʲô̬ȣ˵ȻҲôĹ˼ɡԼӽҵѱߣȻԹԵ£ӻͳСģһ߳һߺ˵ʱԼķ¡

˵ԼΪˡ졷Ĺ£һֱϣһܹΪĻֲͨӢ˧ĸ

ĹѬպԼֲиŬԼѾȫ߱Ļ塢ͨӢ˧ȸ¾㱸ֻǷʥ˴󲮸ˣǳν꣬ص˽ҵĻʵ۴󲮣ҪԼȻ󲮸ܾˣ

˵Ҳſʮ꣬Ҳʮһ꣬ǸأŽҵ
˵·ܹſ죬ߵÿƮһûвʵˤ·ҪҪȣҪȶ·ߡŲ·
һʲֻ֪ңСǲܽ

ȴ̲סд

ʥ˵öԡС˵ҲԼ˵
ʮһ꣬һжʮ꣬Ҳü

ʵ̫ƮˣҲ̫ˡ

ôҪ˵˾һҹ
ôҪѧǸտǰǸС˵վս
ôľҪԽ˵Ʒȥ׬Ǯ
ôľҪһ׷
ôľҪڶʱʱԼڵļǺźӡǡ

ôõ£
Խɾ͵ԽױƻԽҪ鷴Խ

ʵһǰߡ

Ҳ
ѧ
Ҫ
ΪʱѤá




26.  ڶʮ   ĳɳ֮·

һж֮, ûˣŵĲȻȻҲͺˡ

һƺŵͽʶԼһֱʦʵֻǸʮıͻСĺӣʹڲһǿԼѾ, ͽҲûи, ɰԼҵСʦһԴ

úˮҲðͽܺͽչճӣͽܺͽÿ˵Է˼룬СͽÿŸҴ²ҪɣʵôӴԽʼһֱڽ״̬˶

ȬźǸɴͽſ˽ѧͣҵµĸʾ, ȻͿʼ֮ǰͷһеĹڼ淴˼ԼΪ

ŵķ˼棬ҪͽǸ׼ķﲻҪ⡢ĳɴֲ赭, ԼҪڸ֮ס˷˼, ÿշ˼ûҪʿ߶߶

ͽܾͶø

źĺԼͽܽԼͽ, ̹ʱʾǸʱֻǾԼҪˣҲȷʵʱҪúýǼڻһְʦ, Ҳûʲôֵý̵ͽܵĶʦ

˵꣬δ, ͽܽеǰ, ϸ˵Լͽܵӡ

ͷһؼϴ, һϴһϴģ
϶ǻ컬ģΪʦ˽»Ĺ᲻̳С͵ƭӣ
ʱݵȫǹͷ, ߼Ҫ˵ûΪʦʱײĵļ۸ȥʹˡ
ĵûʲôΪʦǻԼʵͽܣΪֻĸ
˵ʵ㵱ڽʦʱҶһ⺢ӾȻ˵

ͽܣ

ԭʦ˵ЩСжôԽԽòԾأ
ʦ㵱ôǵ𣿣
⡢С͵ƭӡ̡ڡǸư(sF)sߩ
²ǰ˸ʦ

ܿ⼸ͽܾƽˡ

ΪǼ˼ԾЧãΧ䵽ܱߣʲôμֵܡϴ峤СӡңӡֻҪӡмȫ˼˸飡

ͽҲЩ˼Լʦ˵ıɻ󵽸ж󷭰۵ı仯һʱֻˬ
ԼʦֻƫȻίȻԼʦ޲𹥻޲𹥻ζŹƽƽζûƫǿɲͶԼʦûô

ǲŲ˵ԼΪ˱Ȥžԭǵıʦأ_(:١)_



һ˼ǰ£˵ķ˼Ȼ˵ĳֵ˵ȴá

ˣһѵ¶Ϧҹһžƾһͨһ˴룬µҲεķ˼ȫˡ

ȥһŲټŴһҵ׬Ǯ򷿣ҪһδԽ¸ľʱ˵Ľ֮УΪڡ

ȥϲ˹϶ҷһϯң˵ġԵִͽܳȥϴ峤һũ֣ڶϹ䣬Ҹ̯ȲྐྵӿŽֱߵĺ׽Բؿýζ

ֻԼʱΪֲԼӶӵеͯ꣬úܿģΧ֮ĸҲ̣Լǽ˵ݸͬˡ

ԼԽԽСųϦദͽԼ˵ȴԼʦ/СϷ˱仯˵ǳˡ

һֱΪǰԼڱ˵ǸĪ⡢֡ϳɡǶıʱʱ©һ꣬ʵ˵ϤйӴ˵ֻʮһѡżмǡϻ۵ȱЩͨӡ

ʱ츳ĺʵ̫ˣʶǧʫʮ͵Ŷͯʷ鶼ǣһȣʮҲǻὲ»дµȻֻǸЩСͨӰˡ

ȱ˶һӻȲŴСʲôģ˵Ҳǲ_(:١)_

ȵ꣬һڶط˱仯֮󣬹У˶һӾ˺üΡ

ǰһֱһĪĽУ·һֱʲô׷ʹǰϣȴ·һ˲ЩʲôֹͶ䶼ѺȻ֡ƮҡΡȻǡ

һ㣬һֱŵļͽܸд

ǵʦһֱͽܵĸоǺæ

Ҫϲ˹˵飬Ҫ˵飬ҪΪϲ˹ݵ²˴棬Ҫ취̼Ҵ棬Ū˸ѧǡΪʲô⡱ûûҹд
˵Ǽʦ׬Ǯ׬Ǯ·ϣԵλСʦ˵ʱͽǶһ֡ȻˡĸоĴô˵ֻԼʦ۲ġ

ͽܻҪΪʦͷδϥ̸һȴ뻹ûǳ֣ʦԼͨˣڴĻҪã

ͨ˵ʦһӾͱһֵ꣬ÿ糿𴲶һǵЦ˽Ȼܰ޻˵ҲڷȤĵεΣͬһֵֻС

Լ֣ܿϲ˿֣ȺͽܸǽЩǺ֪òЦЦһʱ䣬·ÿ糿֮ؼСݱһŻЦһ᲻óȥıء

֮⣬ͽܶԼʦĸı䶼иԵ뷨

ͽ֮Ϊ곤һҲΨһһɼҵˣȽ룬˵ɤҲ֮дԵһ˵ʦøˡ

֮ǰÿ춼ææ˵飬æŴ棬æŽѧǵ£ѾЩĴɿæǶһͷһ鳵Ϲæ·űҲ֪ԼδӦҪʲôֻǾЩǾͶȥˣԼæ

ַ˼ϴȥǹãһ֪֡ҴӺ֪ҵȥĳ

׷˼һ˵˵뷨Ҳ̼ͣҵĹ˲ڴ֮ǰΪѧ壬ֻżʱдһ˵ĳͳУȴΪĳ죬ǿԼǰ·ߵֳ졣

ɺѣûôֻ࣬Լʦһ֮ˡ

ʦ֪ϲЦЦ˵ҪһЦңҫ
ʦصʹϲʲôˣҪԺÿһأɽҫ

˺ܿ͡˭ʦ۰ͽܡһ˵˲ЩŶǵչˡ

ǰŶԴͽȻеһչ˵뷨ִܵʦϵӰ죬Ļڹעͽܵѧҵֻһ˼ƻżͽܽѧЩʲôˣҲʼͽ޾ϸʣӷɡʱʱһ仰Ʒӡ

ҲȷʵͽǶԼʦΪ׽ˡ
ͽǾ׽Ӵ˸⺢Ӵ˽Ϊ˴崺磬֮˵һػҪһ˵ڶءأղܣ

ͽܶԼΪڱڻ˵ֻʣʵҲûдڸеɻûжԼʦŵı仯һȺ˳ĳֵ껨յĻ꣬עȫеССֻϡ

һ±ƣҲΪʲôһ򵥵ʦֵҹ˿ۻϵԣͺ׼ôش

˰ΣһʦֵܻڵĴأ֮½ʾ֭ӲͷƤԣ

Ҿʦ仯ĵطڡˡ

ɡɡɡɣ

˵_(:١)_




27.  ڶʮ   ǩԼ

Ȼûг, ȷʵǸտء

һԽǰΨһһŮƯμӸѡĿ֮ܳѡĹȦֵйصְҵ˿ԼԽһҪռúÿͽܲʾ֭Լͽ׾ͿԿ

ҪͽֵȻҲԼó

Դӡ졷֮󣬲ҪԼڵžڼĿʼԼ״ҵ, ҪͽԼ۲ȥÿγűضɡϴҪȫͿ֬ʲôġ

Ҳ, µ̾ͱȼͽܸˡ

űٳþͺܿ㣬Ҳ˾óͦÿСӣһףֵǣüĿĿγҹӵ, ŵͽҲ֮ҲԼʦԼŵЩй׵顣

ڼͽǶΪԼʦԽԽߵֵ̾ͬʱ, Լʰ޵ģ, дΪѧǹر, ֮ڵ֮ʱصظ׼½ѧһ¹µ˵ǡ

ԭֻһŰѵڰˇѺͷŲ豭İͽܷ׷ǰݷõ˵˲裬Ȼ󰲾˵ſڣֻ˵Ǵһ

֮ǰһֱϤѧǵ˵Ǳʦͽ˶Ȼֵһ, ȻͱŰڰϵֽ׾סˡ

⣬ǺһȺ˱Ϊ˾۽ѧͣҵٺĵһ¶ȴû, һűֽ, ֽϻдʲôѧ˲뺯

˲ʲô
Ҫȥ

, СӴڽѧһΪ˲λͬ룡
޺Цôһֵҵ˸ָ㰡ı顣

˺üµĸֵһ̷ӳ˹ЧԭûԼҪĹ¿ͷСӴȥ˵ǿŴƵ, ջǲ̷ӣͷ˵һߵͷǸʲôѧ˲뺯һ°⺢ӣȴع֮ع֮һڡԭᶨĴܾ˾ͳͳԥ

ΪΪͬ˵˵ع֮һھ˵СΣˡСֱԣλɣ˵粻սλӰ

仰ǡֵǣǲ˲˶þҪҵ˰

⻰˵̫ݣܹŽѧǿŵһǮ˵һرϣԼ˵ҵܹõչܹڶԶȥˣԼ˵˵ݣȻҪһع֮ƾ˵Ļ

ŵõ˵ĹעʼϸԼô˵ɡ

ȣǵ˵ҵһķչѾΪһʮֻԾǰ;ҵ

˵вҵб׼򵥵رְҵĿǰڶΨһһ״Ԫ֮Ŀƺǵְҵһҵ֮󣬶ԴȤ˸ԾԾԣ֪ڽѧͣӪҵǾͳ˽ٸ˵ˡ

˵˶ˣɶҪ˵˵ĵطûôడɱҪ˱̭Ĳ˵ǰڳϾ¥˵ĳ¥ҵ޵ܳ˵Ҫ¥˵鱻ҴˣѰȴԸֻûشﵱ泯ũˣǰ֮

Ͼ¥ĳңӱ¥˳źӰΪĶµġ˽Էģ˵Ҳͬмʣ˵һ˵ȴûش³ݡ

Ӳ˲ڵᣬ˵Լĵڶɡ

ڶ漰˵ɱ

ѧǵĳָ˵˺д֮˵ǻȻʶԼ˵Ĺ˵

Ȼе˵˶ѡ˵ѧ£ҲвٸкùµдֱӺ˵ϵԼĹ£Ϊ׸ôˣȷʵҵһ۸׼ϰߣ;ǵļ루¹˵طһµĳɱվ˵˿˵ҵһ£еĹ¶ܹ

ϸ£˵Ϊ˵Ĺ²ܻӭⱾһɼҵ˵ˣŸǱôźӻңδؼҡ

Ҫ£Ҫ֤ԼĹǸù£ҪȷԼܹ˹Ӷɼ˵ҪͷѶԽԽ˰

һٹЩӣдĹü۸ߣȶڵ˵˸࣬λʣС֮ǰĶѱһճ氡

Ǳϳ¥ǱҵŶԸԼܻҵģһͨƣһȺ˵˳˼·һ룬ԲһԼ¥ҵŻܻҵδɫ

⣬Ǻã

ΪһЦͯع֮Ȼ˼˵ó⣬ǱضҲ֪νɣ

ţҲع֮Ȼ֪ô
תͷȻΪҰԣǽԼڽѧ˲Ҫְܡ

ֻҪΪ˲ǩԼˣͿѻýѧڵĹµ˵ȨҽѧǻǩԼϵѡΪرѧǻ˵ıȡֵɣ̼ϵҪ棬ǱϴصĹ档

ܽ˵ɱߵ⣬ҲԽλδĹ⣬ͿȫС֮ǰ˵Щˣ

˵ĵǺܶǲأ
˵˶ѻýѧǵĹ˵Ȩһ㶼ܶģѧǵļ¶ЧȺǵĿγһƷƷӡ󣬵ǡ

⹤ִӺζ

˵˴ʳһʣ¶һŵ΢ЦЦԭĥĵƽ

ʵңϲ˹ݵϰġ

ңӵ¥ɨسź¥ϰڰʹжĲ·һ֪˵˵ͬ飬ȴȻҵ˹ϵ˷ϲ˹ݣӰع֮Ϊϲ˹ݵһλ˵ˡ

ع֮ԼĲ룬ңӶܸҵǲҲأ

Ž͸¶ĳҲЩ飬ͨԱ죬ҪƼϯ˵飬Ҳ¡

˵׬Ǯĵط˾¥ǸҴԹϯϣһع֮߶йϵֿеķֳҲ֣һȺ˵˶ʱĶˡ

һһҩʾԼͨ˵ȨʶǵĴˣ

λ񲻹ڶһط˵飬λĹҲֻж˵ҽѧ˲˲ڶ˵飬ֻҪ룬ϵ̶ӵ˵飡ȥ԰ԼдĹ±ӽɽǣԼִȫ

ʱλͲǶǵ˵ĳĳĳˣǽ˵ĳĳĳֻжΪλĹҹ£ȫİնΪλһ³ҹշתպ˵λأ

һȺ˵˱ŵĻƵĵֱǴǵˣ

˵ף˵ʲô


Ȼչ˵˫Ϳѡȫ˵飬ԼĹ³˶֮˵Ȩöɳѧ

͸¶ˣǩԼ˻ɶڲμСңӹٰͬĽᣬͬ̽˵ļɣͬ

ܵǻʲô˵ģ
ǻоܾ
һȺ˵Ȼ໥ʼ硣

ǣŵע£˵Ƿ׷ԼǩְӡΪ˽ѧ˲ǡ

һг䶨³¯ǶŻȥԼԼĹ¶ŵѧŴ˸к뿪ˡ

ͽһ͵ĿЩ˵ȥһζԼʦװǵı±ʾ̾

˵ʲôԺλþͻᱻ˸ղ˵˶ڶģô׾ͱҵ
Щڶʵ˵˷׷׳ʦֵµˣҪ˵˵ľ¥ϰԼſƸʾֱʦҪˣЩԹҪ˵飬ҲһһʱҪѧǡ

ʦһþͰЩ˵˺ƵԼˣŸΪǺáţⲻҪĲֱһȺС顣

֮ȻعҲʶԼʦҪʲôɳɤӵǵ˵ˣʦûйˡ

ڴ󳹴֮Լ֮ǰдЩ¿ͷȫˣ»µĴԼУܵ鶼֮һ档Сͽ̲סģû˺õĹ£Ⱥ˵˻عԼʦҪµʱô죿

ֻЦֺÿԼֻд˿ýѧĹ£ûдһҪ鰡~

==𣿣

ſԼͽһѾı飬ʵܲ˹ЦβסЦݰԼΪƭͽǣ

ģù»еġ
׼Ļᡣ

ҡͷོ̤ΣĻѣ~ãã

ºһĻڽٿˡ




28.  ڶʮ   װĻ&׾

ǰιְҵ˿ְֽ֪ŮȦķȦűʾһҹ˾ҪԱĸԸ, ַֻ

Ҫô㹻˵棬Ҫô͸޷롣

ԼǼԼ˵ļƻʾͽЦýƻˬʣȻû취˼㹻Ķĳ͵ģǵȻֻܻĴ, ǿ˾᲻, ܰѶԷƣޣ˵˵ǩԼ߰~

ͽһ£Ҳ̫Լʦ˵ʲôȻʦгǾ͹ԹԵذԼʦ˵ȥˡĿǰΪֹǻûԼʦıʧܹ

ǴͽļȥкùºߵĵطԺѧУիȥ, ڶѡ񿪻ص㣬ΪʡǮȥ, Ļڰº󶼳ǽ˳ٿˡ



ʱ, ĻᲢʲôϡ顣

ʱŮǾԡĻͻׯзҳԴբзΪ˼Ů, ԱתΪеʱ־ۻʹԡĻᡱʽС

һĻһ⣬ʽִۻࡣ

ٰ˻⣬ʱǹڳ͢ĳ, ʱԼԼдĳƪ£ʱżԻĹżֻȻӦǰǳԳԺȺͬʱٸԼ, Ļ˴֮ĹϵԼ֪ͨһЩʽ˵Ϣ

ֻȽƶʱ, ĻǳڼϷ˵顢Ժȥĳ֮һĵֻ, ˵ڶֻҪǸˣٲμӹĻᡣ

Ϊִ˵žٰĻᵱȻͱ˵ͬ

οִĻװᣬӲ˸װĻ_(:١)_

׾ŲĴֲ´Լķ, ߵԱԼҸҵſڣһֻԼӰӣһߴԼҶڷ˵·˶յʱĸ磺

磬ûȥǸװĻҪʼ

ź֮󣬰׾ĸТǧʼź͵ܵܰ׾ͬĴֲ·ɫֱһֱֺֻܴسԼǼ·ӣһ·Ӵ˺ı顣

׾˷ܣԼŵ֣ͬóһݸһԼţȸϵϺٻøԼϵϣȻߴŸ磬Ⱥϼóȥˡ

һ·ϣТڱԹǱԹ·̫ڣȻֱԹĻѡĵصǼ̫Զս꼰˵ܵܰ׾ϣ

ҪΪܵܣһð׼ҴүŲᴩũ˵·ȥôԶ￪ʲôõĹ´ᣡ

ǡ˵еĹĻᡯ磡׾ʶؾȻԼֳǷ·Ҫ͵Ŀ죬οֲģұǾʹԼһȥģҪôֲڵ·Ҳѡİ

ֱشǻΪ𣿣ĻһǸʲôĽѧҪƭȥʲôǩԼ߸ĹҪǲŵ㣬²ǵʱƭ˶֪

Ҫ±ϳү㴩·𣿰

׾ƲƲ첻˵

׾ͰТǶǰ׼ҵү׼ԭһƫԶСǵ̣ʵ۽ҸͶʱ򣬰׵һ˵ʱֻǸͷĿʵۣ˽Ϊṩ˲ݣҲˣȽ»ʵǻ»ʵ֧£׼ҵ׵꿪˽һָĴ̡

˱ûУǮȴܶ࣬˰׼ֵ׿νǽӳĸװϵ׳ؽʦ̵ȵټҰᵽǣϵǶ˵Ͱйϵ˶õĺԺ顣

ʵϲ۰Тǰ׾ӣТΪӣеĿܼᶨҪ̳Լҵļҵһ˼ѧؼ⣬Ӱ׾ϵȲϲҲû츳ֻ֪Ժֺڿ˯

һգ׾ѧʱüװѧӻѧԺżҵɺɡ

ɺΪŵļලʹͷã˸ѵǵĺݣðװ׾ɣһϲ׾ȻҲ⡣

סȥ·ʱ׾ԼһŭûУֻǲʲôҪæģ͵͵óһֽȻŷ·ʲôһĵ

λʦ֣ϲд𣿡

ȥһΪҪҴ//ͼأ

׾һͷװؿűʱѾЩֻֽֽдû֣ȫǴ׻֮ҲûУüʹ׾̫Ҳ˿һ

ѣϲд
ҹλǷҲһиҪ˵
ɣ
£
ʱڣң㣡

׾ɨһдǡѧǡ˾䡰˵еĹĻᡱ

ѧǣ
ⲻǸع֮רŸ˵˹ӵĵط

׾ǶϣԺͨƽҲ׷𶼳ǵĸʱôϳȻ᲻֪ع֮СĴ˵˺Ľѧǡ

Ϊ֮ӣ׾ܿ뵽ľ˵ѧļ˵飬Ļžع֮⹩˵Ķ

òȥ
׾ֽ߬ԥ

ÿһĴٶвΪ֪ļįһһÿһԺǵСүҲһ޷ɵ롪׾֪ʲôȷʵйҪд

׾ǸСϲ˼ĺӡ

Ӱͻ뵽ֻӽ£ǿھ;һֻèһСè̵ϣεһȫһˣԴ·ӼĹ£

û취
ȻԴһһѵĹ£ȴûԸѹ½꣬οʹ͢Ѿϳ˼˵ΪһְҵӲϷУҲ޷ıǶֶ˿Ķ˿޵ְҵĿ͡

ǰ׼үȥ˵ˡ

ⲢӰÿһھ¥Щ˵˵Ĺ£ﶼӿһɹɲʡҵĹ±ãҵĹ£һΪ˹ֿЦ

ԵŽѧǹ뺯ֽʱ÷ɿ죬ֱҪ̿ڶǰ˵ȥ

ǲԣ

ֹ˰׾ô

˵˻ᱻ˿ͣѵ˵˹Ĺ˲
Ǳ֪ڸһȺ˵˹塭
Ͱ׼һᱻЦģ

ڰ׾ѹеĳ嶯ܾʱǸǿ뷨ƵģɳƵɤӿڵ

ⳡĻ᲻ͬĻӴλʦ֡

һ˵꣬һһӵʲôóһֵݸʦ˵ǿĻĻװĻᣬȫԱԴס

˲仰ͶĳΪʲôСסʲôֽСװĻᡱ

һ˵ĻԲñ¶ԼװɸݴߴԼݣ׾˲Ķˡ

ֻμһĻᣡ
ĵﰲοԼ

ֻμһĻᣬֻҪһĻ˵ԼĹ¸õ˶˵һ䡰Ĺ͹ˣ

ᵱʲôˣֻμĻᣡֻμĻͲʲôˣ

ӹɫ֣˽¿ʼѰԼٰܹʲôݣֱֵ̫ԼҸТץסˣֻܰԼȥμӻױĻгͲòű⼸һֱԺܵһ֣һμĻˡ

׼ֵѡٰ綼ǽũˡ

ΪٰĻĵصЩׯȽϽǼΪҲҪչʳ·Ƚٰ֣Ҳױʶơ

ֵܾװԼǸũŰ׼ҵһ·ʻɽ£·˼άϽĸ绹ŵܵܺúõĶһԼװݣĸĻ˼ʲôʲô׼ˣ˻˲ٿĻϱʵʹ𰸡

һ׼׾һ˷ܵĺ͸һ̨̤ף¡ڵɮ˴˵˺Ժһ¶ĵط

ǰԺÿսͽĵط³ŷϡ٣طȻһٰĻĺõط

յĻ˶֣׾ĴžμĻ˶ٰʲôӣĿȥ۵ĵع֮ߵһλ/ͯǺϴһɫɫֵۣӵšǡұšסߺһǡסŸЦĿࡣ

׾˺һҲûϳ⺢˭ҵģȻͻܣ뿴˵İࡪ

ţʣµȫũ==
һֲµͬ
׾˸ˣԼȻǡͬˡ

ײײ_(:١)_
ײײ_(:١)_
_(:١)_

׾Ըо߸߷ߵŭ




29.  ڶʮ   ױĻ&д

μĻ½½, ¶쳡ΧһȦİѣ׾ΪĻ˵ŴźͬȦӵм䡪

Ȼ֣Ҷ֪ⳡĻ, Ҳڷϲ˹Ĺ¼, ˴ҲʶһλʹԼڵʵʵҲ֪

׾ԼΪײײѾĸТ˸λ£ܿһɨ֮ǰΪѡǳʦµľɥ֡ҳ׷ѰԼ롱ʶ˷ܸӿͷʹסشܺǰμĻͬʡ

׾ܿͷ˵ûԼƭμĻ꣬ͬҲ֡

˴һ, ͨȫڰʲôɫͷһòɵĶķ, ׾װλ, ڿһӵĶ, һè䣬ӶƺĳֶƤģһ޵Ļɫëð׾, ȥһһ

Ǹšס۵ĺӣֿ˿ŶĿɰ꣬ʱֻٰ֪ũ͸ˣ

»ͻ, , ʱݵ, ݸӣ׾ͷԼҸС˵

ƨӣĻỹû´ˣүв´βŸһТʶ

Σֵû˼ү

׾۾ϴ󣬴ڿյװˡ

үζصİ

켣ڸɫֳİ׾̲ס, ԼҸһٱᡣ

˽ų⣺ʱȥһ̫Ͼ·ͼٺѰס׸ͷף㲻Ҳûϳ

ĵܵܰ׾˻ԼԴ̲סʣǸʲô˵õүأ

Тߵĵͯ

׾

˻׾뵽ʲôȷǰɵʿ͵Ľ˺𣿡²Ҫɣ



һĻҪݳʲôֵ֮㿪ʼ²μĻͬʶʲôݡȻǲЩϢȥⲻӰϹ°~

ԽԽ顪ܾԱߵԺԴδһǸʦ֣Ǹոβһҵ𣿣ٵİɣ

ֵһҷ񶨵
ʱһֱ˺ѵźļͽ˶ΧߵɢԻصλϡ

ڣΪ˵еĹ¡װĻʽʼˡ




Ϊ˿ȦŶڲ߻;ٰһᳵ·ʱĻĻʢУи־οĻᰴԤɵؽš

һοĻŻǺСĵģصѡ˸ԺʦΪλԱҽ޶ʮڣģʽž൱ڿһͰᡣ

ǴڱڵŵĶͽǮǰԣԵݴ¾ǣ

лμǽѧǾٰĻ~~
ǽѧһֱѰҺͷĽ¡дµԼֹ½Ȥ°˴һѧǣ~

˶һ̨˾Ҫ£˵ǩԼߵʱȴһתʼĻ̡˺ܳʱΪĻṩ緹͵ĵķϲ˹ݣԼṩīֽīիû켣֮еķϲ˹ϰīիϰΪ⣬ĵǮֵ

һι֮󣬶ͽǮѺ͹ʱһɣ

Ȼڰ׾;ֵؿĸͽһֽܹǰİϡģ͸ԺǷƵģ

μӸĻỹҪ԰ɣ
ѧ¿Եİ
ôţ׾̲סͺͬѧĸһסԼQAQ

⵱Ȼǿ==
ֻһȺʵһСڡд

ᣬԹŶȻ
һȺ֪ʶһһʼٺã˵˵Ҳ̲סųĻӦеļɾͻᱻƻŲԼ׼ôõĻΪɳ⣬Ծ͸ɴһʼ໥ʶһ˵ı£Ŷȷָ³

һֻȷ˿ɿܷڵİ೤ѧϰίԱίԱͿδεĲܰѸڽˣƱǩԼҪϡ

дȺӵһεõһɲѡ

᳡ϵĶϲдµͬǣ־ȤͶԹ»ѡǽѧǾٰⳡĻᣬּΪṩһԽд顢˴˹µĵطͽǮͽ˵Ϲ˵ģûʵĻһһϡͿֲòͬ

ֻǹҪָûλдµҲҪָ£Աҽõķ顭λǰֽдŵʦṩһµĿͷī׼ãڴλͬΪ˿ͷдĹ¡

ʱΪһʱ

ʹ˿ʼ

ʱõɳ©رм䣬㹻©һʱɳӣԭֵĻ᳡Ȼ˶ڵͷԼֽϵĹ¿ͷ

׾ϲдģʽϲܹп޾ȥȻҲ֪Ϊдµ˾ٰĻǲÿ˸԰ѹóµģ⻹ǶԴЩʧ

һ뵽ԼҪ尾һʱ͸ˡ

ʧͲںܿʧˡΪع֮⣬˵д¿ͷûʱȥʧ

ΪչЩ׾һˣµĿͷּ򵥣ͨƪûõʫʣ⡣᳡ϣǸͷ̲ס

ʢƽʮ̰꣬ٵֲϣ

찲ڣ̳¼ң찲Ѳҩҽҹĳ¼үͻȻ˹

ԭڴߴĳ¸ĸϲĳ¼Ҵլһλ˹

ʤתѣۣ·ƵĵؿǰͻȻĸףԼͻȻ临˵ĸףֻʱסӣвһƵ뷨

ǼꣿʲôסӻϹεͯʵ

үͿôƽʮ갡ͯʶ

ʮꣿʤɿ֣ͯš

ҾȻصˡʮǰ

һ仰׾̲סӴΧûһΪʧüԱ߶ҪϵĸТûгֹ˿ﶼѾסˡ

صʮǰ
صȥ
ǡ

׾ʶţȻֻԼһһɤ۶

Ȼڰ׾ļʷϸûʢûƽţ뵽֮ǰͬʷϵġ졷Ĵκ͡μǡĴƣ׾֪ʢĳع֮Լ׫ġ

Ǹ׫ĳ˹һ׫׾Ϊ¿ͷдġ˹صʮǰе˷ܡ

˭صȥ
˭ÿһκڵʱܻصȥұضΣ
ǶȺ뷨ͺܶӶ˼İдµĶ

ع֮¿ͷֱǴ˰׾ڳ˵ģһʱ䣬׾̰Լ뵽ǳʤӽǣоſͷ˼ʤʮ﾿ʲô£һ飬ֻô¶ȹԼ

׾˳˼ȵ綼˿ʼдʱһ̧ͷŷֻʣ°ʱʱдˡ

ʱﹻ
ôʱüд
ôҲҪʱ

ʱİ׾ﻹԼ֮ǰԹһʱʱ̫£ֻ޲Լܶ೤ֻּԴÿЩԼõĹ¸д



ʱһζ
ͭ죬˶Ͱ׾һ̲סԹʱ䲻£ǹ򣬴һǺİѱպãֽϼдˡ

ĻǮԼдĹ£ϵɫֳһС飬һСԱĹ£ÿһѡһõĹ³Ļϸҹ͡

׾ͰТͬһ飬˺ܿҵԼС顣׾ԼдһĹºɬصݸ˿Ȼֽõ˱˵Ĺ¡

С˵Ĺ£ȻҵĹ¿ͷ޶ˣÿ˵Ĺȴһ

׾дĹдǼгʤϱȫұ̰ҵݺųն»صʮǰﶦʢʱڵù鿼٣ճΪ¿״ԪڳöлסȫҲ⵹Ǹ̰ٵĹ¡Ȼֻд˲μӿƾٿ

ТдһϱӽҵܻİֱܼһȻ»صʮǰŬ̳мҵıͶδ֪֧δɹƷʢճΪһ̵Ĺ¡ȻĽ粢ûüд꣬ȫԼԸ˽²ġ

Удս׷еİ飬дͶıʿ£Ǹšס۵Сдư¡ָͬ͵Ĺ¿ð׾ۻңиΪԼμεĻеˡ

ԭϲֻһ˲ŻôֵֹĹ£ԭкܶһȰдȰ־ʿͬʣ

βˣ

۵󣬰׾ڵСɶߵһƪƼȥ
׾ǸƼվ᳡룬˽дµĴţõ˾ٰĻع֮Ͽɿ佱ָ㣬緢׾̲סĽ

һΣ
һĻһҪ

һΣ˾ң

ĵĬĬġ




30.  ʮ   ֮Զ&ơ

ǹдӵ, ʱԭŵǴҷ໥Լ֮ǰдĹ£Ϊҵ¶ڷ, ʱĳɷԼȡ

ȵ̫ɽʱ, Ļδ֮˳ұȥʱصŵļͽ´ĻҪʲôʱ򿪣

ʲôʱ򿪣
ˡ

ܲܿʱ֪ͨǣ
֪ͨģÿοĻᣬǱضڽѧſͨ棬֪ͨʱص㡣

˵ˣ»ؼӴ~
СͽǳȺ׵Ķ˻ӻ֡ûǺƵǩԼ, Ļһδοȥ==



һοĻᣬŲûд̾ͺڽѧǩԼߵ顪
ϸ˼ҳΪǩԼ, Ȳ˵ɹж, ֻӶױ˿, Ҫġ

ͷһĻᣬʵֻ뿴ʱԶж󡢶ԹµĽܶжߣʱˮƽ̽ף˳ȡһдߵĺøжȡһǵθ, Ϊļƻ

ȻԼǸߣܿϧĲûʲôдԭĵľ顪

Ϊһͬд֣ǹ˾ṩ, 㲻Լԭ, ֮ʱ, ȻҲڡ졷Ե͡μǡ˲ԼԭºԭڣǸʺѶԼдһԭ޷ȵġ

˾ԼŻҪЩʱӦԭЩдͬ˵Ļϰȥд¡ԲɱģѧǴһʱҪʱǳš

֮ǰһֱڵĵľǣ

ѧûִĹװҾ䡢ʱȥԶȥܹдܹ˿ĹĽѧִܹǸѧһ, ͵Ĺ

ǣΪ̽ʱǵĽ̶ܳȺԶж˼ȥд˸ִܳĵĿͷΪĿòμĻдȻĻʱԼļͽܰЩдĹȫҹһһ

һʱʱǲ㹻дһµģȥµʱ䣬Ҳ͹һдһд١

űҲЩ˵ıʣ뿴ľǸ١

ȰЩ´ȫһ֮ǹɵǵ̾ͱ桪

ɵȻСˡᰵһ㶺˵Լ

ѵΪʱͬͬʲôʸȥСǣԼԴͼǹɵĵ

Ȼʱ֪ûĳ֣μĻȺȻӦãвٿ˵»ˮˡ±񡱡

μĻܹʮˣʮƪ٣ȥʮƪǴʲķϸ壬ʣʮƪпͷ

ŰִС˵ȥЩٷ࣬нһ붼ϮŰģ

ǵĹ޲ǰʮ࣬ҪôƷҲҪôֱʹʧ׾죬ƪд֮ӱӸϳŵģ֮Ǿ˶ƷŰլöĵ·

űȽид˸֮ҲƽҸµĹ´٣ǳĹߣҪǷŵִƾǺüֵĴƪһǻкö׷Ŵ߸ִƪ

ʱغţŲò

ЩϮŰģʣµĶһЩſԶĴģеĸɴ׿һ㲻̸ֱư/ʳ/ΣžưǸٹСдģеķ˵ǰһ˼ƺ쳾һ͸ȥɽݷȥˣ

һľȻֹһƪƪ֮࣡
뵽ŴˣǹŴʵۣȷʵԳ±Ƚִţ־Լټˡ

ʮƪɶߵһƪġ

ûûģ
ڶ̶һʱʱλ߷·˼Ȫӿʾдд˺ü֣
ڿ֮󿴹£ĻǶŮӢֻ޵ģڹһŮһ֣

µʱһ˲ŶԼ·ĳ_(:١)_

дµ趨࣬ǰǸʮȫѡ֣һֱǸĸеĹԱеʿʿһҲ֣ԼͲΪԼΪ˻ŵģֱһ̣ع⣬ضҪΪԼһ

ˣ

˵ǵȻͲٰԭȵĵ·ߣ˿ƾٿԣȥɽˮˣ
һ·ϣֱӻҳߵԼδӡŮװŮĻ֪ΪʲôĹȵȸɫŮȻһȫУ

̶̼֣һ·Ѿʮ_(:١)_
ܾٸһʱǿԴʮĽ_(:١)_

Ϯˬġġġʳġġսģһƪġ

ִģ˴ԽģһһĻƷͳͳˡ
ﻹõȥЩִ˵С˵;籾
Ҫģֻǵ㲦һʱˣ

ȫִܹ˵ľƷ

ôҪǡǳΪǩԼߣ




󣬵ڶ׹Ļһٿ

һˡײסΣһȻڡáϵԶ˺ܶࡪ

ż˴Լʮͷϴͽֶͬεģʣµеİݳ̫ϾԺ־Ȼˣеİݳɽˣ۾һݳɰͿرڣһݳأ˸ͷף

һȺι״廨ŵۼһ㿴ҿ㣬֪˭ЦȻ˶Ц

ڰ˱ʹžһƬЦ֮гǰġ

Ϊ췽ֵĸߵһܵ˲˵ĿҲ˵񣬻һ̫ܺϾķȥȻϾڳ˵ע£̫͡ϾߵСͯ˻

ӿóһŵͯźֽ˶õġǸͯ

ʸ¾µˡ𣿡

ǸͯƺôһŪȦˣ˿ֽ˿ֽϵݣȻǲ˼ĵͷ

ͬµĹڵֻϧֻпͷϧĳʸǷԸ⽫ƪ²ꣿĳ˶ʮ£ԸǮ¡

ǸͯǾһ£Ȼ·ʲô˵鶼üǵͨ졣

ԭЦĻ᳡Ҳ˵껰һ˲üžһӵĿǸ׽Сĵͯ׷ۿ

˭
˭дĹ£
дúܺ𣿡
дҺ𣿡
дúΪεСټʱûĹ£
ֻһʣ˵Ĺʮ֮õ𣿡
ĳ
ĳ಻

һȺ˵˵ţװŵߵţһһҾһͷϴö˵ϡ

ǺܺЦһĻȻû˴ʱЦǶһſΪ췽šΪʲôѡ˾Ĺ£ѡǵģǾʲôȲ˵ģ

¶һЦݣˣ˵λСдĹ¾жãֻһζͣ

ΪҵĿͷһ£Ҳһ£ĳȻڴ֮м˲ٺù£ҲֻȨֻѡһ

λգÿĻᣬǽѧǶѡһ¹򲢽ɽǩԼĻ᲻ֻһΣ˶У

˻һȻɲһĻͷﱻǸСĵͯˣգһĥȭԤҪĻո¶ͷǡ

Цúͷϸ˵ͷʾȻ󱳹ȥͽܾ˲¶һıóѵĳЦݡ

ãŰ治һ

ĻıĿľҪѧĿǰ˼ĻϵƷдҪһֽ⡣

Щд֮ǰǡλдúõĹ»ᱻѧչв˱ͶԹ˵ݱȽУ˵ͻкܶ˰д߲׾Լǻıд˹£ѡһƪ˽ѧҪĹ¡

һ˲䣬ѧǿС·ΪĻһ¡һ´ܹõޣ

ɽϢУԭпܱΨֱ֮ġԼĹ±չ׷Ҫõ

ֻҪĻٶ࿪ΪѧǵĹ¹һֹͻԽԽ˵Ĺ±ѡжǶ뵽μĻС
ö֮ѵЩ˲ΪǽѧǩԼߵԤۣ

ñ飬һתԼΪ췽λϣӰһµҪдĹ¿ͷÿ˵ϡ

Ŀͷ֮žԼС˹˵ĳȻܽžһһҲܽܡ

һĻĹ¿ͷǡԽ




31.  ʮһ   ǩԼ&ļ

һʱ÷ǳ, һգۣľ͵ˣļ

׾ͬһѧת, ȻбĺǴܡ

ǰλӵģĺѼһַֻɿشȺ, ܵ

׾ȺмȥͷҲ·ҲˣﻹԵ˺ü֪˭ͷ˿˶ʱͱˣʲôһҵ˵ͻһ£

ǰܵĺֱӷǲһεĹǲͬģ

Ѽ׸ţǣεĹǽƷõǽ˵˺ͽĹ£үһǵȵǼҳ¹ˣЩӼ˵᱾үͿˣ

ѧΪǰܵĹ, ϲ˵˶ǩԼ˵ˣڶǰաϲ˵İ֮˿ڱ, ѼԼ׾ڴС

ֻ֮ǰѧǲ֪ʲô, ڡԵ͡μǡĹ˵֮ٳûгһ, ѾĹ¸˿ζļҲòתͷȥ˵˵Ĺ£ôôﲻ

˵˵дĹ¾Ͳãֻܾ˵þǴǵģ񻹲Щζ, ܾЩò̫ԣ˵ڣԽ, ǾԽϣѧǿ¹, 

һõϢ˵ѧǳ¹, ̾ͰѺѰ׾һˡ

һǽѧǳĹ£׾ʱͣ˷ĶѼҽΪͬǵĹ۵㣬˵ٶȾ͸, Ƭ֮͵˾˵Ҫ¹µǼҾ¥

¥¿ģ˵Ǹĳʦȫµΰʺȫµ˵̨滹ûжʳͣ׾Ѵңǰŵλռ
׾ûиһȥſͣ˽Ų

Ŀ۽ھ¥ſڵĺɫֽϡ

ɫĴֽѧС˵ǵع֮ڷϲ˹˵졷ʱ򵷹ĳġ

ںɫֽôëֺͨ׶дھ¥Ҫ˵Ĺ͹µĴݣİս¥顣

֮Ƹ˵˵ľ¥ʼϰͷʽ˵˽һµĹµʱھ¥ôһźԴʳҲʮÿκɫһͻһȦΧۡ

һҲ⡣

׾ôԴŽɫĺɫֻµĺдš

ع֮Ƽ֮طʱ֣
һص˶ʮǰ֣

ʤһԼص˶ʮǰ
ʱδ𣬹δĹҶоȡС֣

ѧǳƷ߾β֣

׾㶵վŶһβֿߣٺһڿһİǶ˼Ȼ߽˾¥

ѧǳƷһҪȥ׾Ķиڶͬ˵

ͬҲ˹˿Ƿʲô˼飬ָһֵдµ˽о˭

׾֣©һ¡

ΪǾ
һСܡ

֮ǰμӽѧĻʱΪԼݣĻϸԼȡı
ԭ׾ֻרд¡µĻһ棬һԼҪдµǹȴĹܵع֮ͣ뽫ԭֻиͷĹдȥ

׾컹ܼǵǸʱĻϵԼܳĸо
ǸĻϣвŻôô࣬Ҳݶ˵Ĺ£ֻЩдôôã
ֻһ竣ܹôʿ֮ӱܲеܳ
Ĺֻʮƪ֮ȫֵһӵĹ£ȴܹдôùµع֮һУôܲеܳ

һڴӦдԼĹ¡

ΪĹ´ڽҪμӿƾٿԡҪöҪƾһ֮ļ͹ҸȻǰ׾òűȥԼƿʦ˽йؿƾٿԵ飬ٴӳдǹٵС

ʳһ£Тڻ£ŰΪطʱĹ¸дꡣ

ʵڹдһ˲䣬׾û̫ʵУֻϵĵӶȻһɣȻ˳ؾͰµĸӽ˿ع֮佱ԼѾõ˼㡪

һܹõҵͣⲻμĻʱ׷

ֱ˿̣

ֱҾ¥ԼдĹ¼˵ȫǵİֱԼıдŴĺϱ֮׾ͻȻһ

߽¥λϡǸ˵˰дĹԼصʱﵽ˶塪

˵üɫı飬˵ǰʱϧͺڣ˵һôƾʱźͼᶨΧ˶Źڵ鲻ϱ仯ΪǰıΪܹıһ˸е˷ܺĽ˶д

ǰһĻһĻʶ
־
ˡ


֪˵ְҵʱ֪ѧй˵ʱÿҹ

μԼ̨ϻɫظ˽СͻĹ£ȻЩµˣΪĹ¸ˡΪĹĳǸʱһģһ

ңɼγΪʵ׾Ϊǿȡ״Ԫе˵ʱᡣ

ͻȻһɳ嶯ҪѧǵǩԼˣԣӦýǩԼߡ

ԼĹ±˵˽ĸоʵ̫ˣĻᱻͬǿ޵ĸоҪã
Ҫд£ҪԼĹ±֪˿ޣҪͬһĳҪڴʱ˿̾վ˵дģĹ£

ҪÿһĻ϶ͷʵ̫ˡ
Ϊѧǡ˵ع֮ѡµı׼ȫͷԡ

һĻѡһȹҵĹ£ڶĻѡһԽʳĹ£ڱһѡһдŮĹ£ڡ

׼ΨаԼĹ߼ȥдͲܱ֤ԼĹܹع֮СǳΪǩԼߣ

ֻгΪǩԼߣܱ֤Ĺܹѧ⣬Żлͨ˵˱ǵ֪

׾֪ĻѾһ͵͵ͽǩԼˡۿع֮дµĳ͸֮
Ⱥ˴ɬʶдһ¾Ϳ׬Ǯ֮ǱͽǩԼ׬Ǯ

ɰ׾֪Ļϴ˻ԥ
Ҳ֪ЩԥʲôΪҲΪԥ

һԥһֱ˵ĻĿʼ




Ļᣬ׾ĸТͳβɵ磬һݸҪϣȻëͷڣͷȫ棬˱ȵֱðǧμǡĽ˻᳡

ڻ᳡ϣ˼˰һλͬʣǱ˴˼俴ŶԷİֻ࣬ΪԵ໥֮以˱Ϊÿΰ඼ͬÿĻᶼ»ͨ

һ˵׾ԳƱΪΧ˶ȥ¶ĽǼʵĿ⡣

дġطʱĿǰĻϵһƪ˵齲ȫĹ£ǳʤڶ̶ڳΪ˽ͷβ˽֪ͷȥưԭлΪԼ²̲סĽʺޡ

׾Ŀձĵһ˵øС

ܿ죬ĿʧˣΪع֮ˡ

յع֮һϲá

һխĶۣں°ڶ˻ƣɸɸɾһͷͷɢڼģð׾뵽Ĺ̼ҵСӣһֱϵЦһ᲻Ų۾

Լֲûκ֮ع֮ͲĻסԼˣΪȫΨһһסˣĻһ󿴵㡣

׾ͼԭָɫͬڼعֵ֮һ˲᳡ӽű˺ͷϸ꣬ÿοֱ仯Ҫ̲ס̾һ

Ļỹûʼʱ䣬ѾԼдĹع֮ϣõĵָҲȺ֮У֮ǰдطʱʱмܻῨ٣һҪȫһ·İָ£ܵطʱ÷ϵĹ裬ҹдһµĹ¿ͷʹ٣Ҫһָ

ʱǰԭȺͻȻ䷢һ˵ע׾̲סǰع֮ڵķȥϵëһء

ȫһƬžֻǸŹع֮ɾʵղ˵ʲô𣿡

ع֮¶εı飬˵עеɴӽվĻ᳡룬סȺղΧһɾ

ߴҵģȻѾˣǰ˵ˡ

ѧիҪƳһļݶÿ³һӡɲᲢիۣĿǰ鲢ϵλǩԼͶ壬ͲޣʫʣҲμǣС

ΪǩԼ߶ϣݵ˼ҲŰݷãڴ˴֪ͨλǩԼˣͶֻҪŵիһＴɡ

׾ɴ۾Тֻ˺ü£˵ʱݶڴ磬Ҹղǲˣ

ТĵûԼҵܵûʶģΪҲڼ˶ڼ

ܲ𣿣

ļ
ӡɲᣡ
իۣ

ʹһж˵Ŀȡ

ļڽǰȴУһĻѵĻᶼĻ֮һļ
ֻǴļֻһȺμĻ˵Ķ໥֮ܳͱܣӴʽˣֻ˴ļŻիϰרȡӡˢɲᣬ

˶ԣǶĿ޷һǿȡΪΪһǧšƾٿǧ˲ȡһҪ˴Ҹǻʵɻȱ߽Կ

ɾʱǰع֮˵իҪֻҪд˾óȥ۵ļ
൱Ǹָһݾ

˽ݾ˭ߣ

׾ֻԼѣ붼βܳΪѧǵǩԼߣ

Ȼ󲻵ع֮ĻشŵĳΪѧǵǩԼߣǷУ

˵꣬ԭع֮һϢҵҲӦ˹ٴζͷġһۣҲȿֺؽк

ĳҲǩԼĳɷ񣿡
׾Ļдĳĳ£ĳԶĴ󣬸ĳǷʸѧǣ
׾ѧǣĳҲ룡ĳѧǣ
ĳҲ


ǩԼһȻȡ
ˣѧǩԼڴˣÿ¹Ļ࣬Ϊһǵƪ¡




32.  ʮ   ի&־

իĺһļ, ʵ֮ϲ

ԭĴֻȿĻᣬȻͨĻһȱǮԸñдµĶˣĻĽƺΪǹϣȫ˶Ĺµī, Ĳ̨ӡ

˽¹һдµڱȽױƵ, Ҫѹ˵˵Ĺ壬ȴ룬ļƻеڶڣɬǩԼʱիϰȻš

իϰǸӰС϶һˣڸкŵͽһȽϡ, һֱŲŷԼԭ˸İ==

밫իϰðͨͨĽϰ죬λϰҪ򡶴ԵĳȨġ

, ô˵أ
۹⣡

ǻڶŽѧЩµ˵Ȩʱ, ܹǰһ뵽Ҫȥӡˢ, ǰ뷨ֲիڶǶ̶ʮƵի

ĵʱŲ֪Լԭˡիϰ岢ԤЩͼģ˼ҴΪĴϰҪ==

իϰ壬Ƽҵĵĸ, ˳Сϡ

ԣǸŮЩ͸˽ŭ¥Сϣ

˵, С֮ԻԼֵµƹ򡶴ԵĳȨ, ʵŻЩϵڡ

իʵСϵļױӡ

ʱŮԲӡЩŴ⽨Ůһ·˱ڴԺլС檶ŶƷپû¸, Թҵķƽ˷⽻֮⣬ҪԼļױҽĲҵкׯˣִҲŮǿһöˡ

ת̸С򡶴ԵȨ֮Ĺϵ

СϵŮ˽, Щ٣СǾŭ¥Ťתƣûӡ֪ܵŮӡɡƭ󵼵ĿˡʱסŮ桪֪ġ

իϰ϶͸¶˽ľ鷢չȻΪիƹ˵úܺҲɴ°Ѿ˸ȫ

իϰ˵鷢֮󣬻ﱻС϶ֱ֮֮żǸһ棬ܿԼָ¿λɵĿʹһ֮ͷˡţνÿȥҲ죬ȻǸҰҺ޵Ĺ

˼Ψһһȶغ󣬻ϵ̾͵թƭǴŤٸûþͱŵȥˮˡȻ˽»ƼҲԸ𣬵˭õ˽ʱЯ˲ټ鱦أһ¶ԲǼǧȥǮ

֮󣬻һ䣬벻ҪѰѹܾԼ֮ǰΪֻԼ׾졣

СϵȻŮǴ߻ϵдõýŮ³˵Ž顣

֮ǰ¥飬ȻٴŮȥЩ鰮Ĺ£һʹŮ˷ϲ˹ݣΪ˵ġ졷

˭֪ŸպΪڰѡ졷ˣ̨ңӣ˵Ļһ鰮Ĺ£

СϾԼҼǳԲǴŮһңӵĿӣΨһֵҵǣдµ˶ع֮ûʲô˽˽֮ܰСĸ׵޷ܵĶȻ󰮵İ¸ԭѾʧȥĵĻȼ˶԰ԻͶδϣ

һǰƼԽɽ϶飬ӼԽɽҵɽΪիϰ˵ϲüңҲÿοѡ

ԼڴԽһ飬ŶԼڻϻϽһֱеΣȻı޹ǾԼ͸Щִ΢תɢ˳ŵļһΪûƷ

һŴ˳

ԽɽǸ붼ǲԶĳУΪȺɽ֮УǵԽɽ

֪ΪԽɽиزߵڹǼ
ԣǷϲ˹ǸáԲƳȥƲڼֻڼ

ҲΪλãԽɽǸƶĳУǰĽȻôطһ뷨ûС
ĹϵԽɽȻƶȴǸƼĴ˼ңҲвӵڳΪΪزҵǲ١Ҫ޵ҵĵմӣǸڵҾ˵´οƾٸеϣ

ҪǣҵǷ涼ܿơիϰȻŵ̬ȸԭֻ˵ģԽ˵Խ𾢶

Ƿ棿ķ棿

ѽ㻹С顭ô˵ɣɵ游ֻһһ檣ҵһвٶֻȢ޲檵ġţˡ

ܹһ޶檵Ĵ󻷾ҵһ檻бµɷҲΪеˡ

֮Ի򡶴ԵĳȨҲ

ΪԽɽû˵ˣիϰϧ

ҼĸӼ޵ԽɽǲһʼҪʹ˵ΪȥԽɽܿϧѧǲûƳҵ

Ǿֻ˶ΣիԽɽǡһҷֵ꣬ĸ˼ϲĹµĳȨիӡɻӣԹЦ

ѾѡԵˡ
ֹǡԵ졷͡μǡҲһһ˵˵꣬žʹѩأʧʷ֮СⲢѣô鼮ֻĲôֻܿڶഫĹˡ

Եû鰮²С
СҲֻŪ㻰ԼŮ~
Ÿɴ˽ѧָǩԼдĹ£ŵġطʱԼƳġԽ֮ҵܵӡֻиٻδġǡ

һĹºԶիϰ۾ֱˣΪһֻߣȻϲľǱԽ֮ҵܵӡ

ܾǧˣʷϵһмصĳõƺͼҹǴǸġǰսʱ˽绹ֹһŵɣǾǰ֮䵽زûѭƵĽᳫҪܳĻ

Ǹиѧɵı棬̾ĵƳƶȺۣܵȻģǸʱʳͷǳʣ

ΪǸʱûгûнϺ͸ֵζƷҲֻһƽʱԵĲķ˾ڻϿ⡣

Խ֮ҵܵӡľһӱһڹһԽ˴ܣիϰȻԴԽӦã￪ȣ·ͺ͵Ե̧ͷ󱻷ΪһĹ¡

Ե˿ʳǾŲȣžիϰ忴ղܵʱ

ЩξѡѧйµĳȨҲͬիΨһС

Ǻ𾢶իϰʵ

ѧҪΪǩԼǳһļÿһϣի԰æӡˢɲᲢҷۡ

ʿӵУܹիȻֻ˴ҲеĴһʥֹٵ飬ǶȣǴիӽȥ˼һʵͲ¡

ȥ˾ӡ㣬ӡʮʮϣɱҲռطȥ׬ȥҲ

һ˼իϰ붼ûʹӦˡ

йسĻļҪիֳɣΪۿٿһ㡪ΪļóȥիϰͬӦˡ

˸ȡ裬̸

իϰšطʱĸһߣžʹͽܿʼæļ顣



Ųļͻȥ

ŵԤǩԼߵļʵִϵ־ȻС˵
ȻѾ֤ŴִڸԪأԽӦЧƷζ϶࣬ôִܻС˵־ڹŴȻҲܻ

Ҫִ֪ѧʱ򣬰СŮһ붼С˵־С˵еЩֽýǶ˵ľʳ

Ļ˴¡һǩԼ֮ܿʹѡбȽеǲ߳䵱༭һ£ȥһǩԼߣȰ׿

ⷢԼд˳ʫʣǸļиʲôͷ

ŽļΪסԢ׹͡
һδҲ̫󣬴лĿ

ʫʫȫ̭¸ɽˮ͸鰮ģϵһʫð׻дһԼдʫľʫ㹻Ŀˡ

Ȼθӵд׻һǵļ磬ЩȥīͽһµصʤԲο¡XǡѽŻᱳأ

ʣµģȻǱزٵģžǸǡͺܺʣҲϵ¶˵ϲӼ˵İ£һһ֮¶ϵ÷ǳҪŶЩϧ

⣬ʳƪʱƪҲɻȱһǶ׷ص㣬ָĿ׬أ

Ŀһλʱ༭͸һ飬Ļ˵óʼѡԼ壬ͷһθҵĸɾ㣬иʫı༭Ϊյĸ̫࣬ɴԼܵԺҵѾƵĵʫˣԺþѡʫյĻϵСԼûбѡļ¶ƽˡ

£һļͬʱҲǽĵһ־סĸռˣٻͼʱ༭һ˳򲢶˷棬һ齻ի

³һסȻիϡ




33.  ʮ   סĶ塭

סһ, νһʯǧˣرļ˵Ĺעϼܳۿʼ, һھӵˡʮ_(:١)_

իϰڸ֪ݲϷֳɵʱ, ʵǺܲġիʵвļ˴ңƾٿԵĿ֮ģļ٣͵ļÿһʮǺܺˡ

һʼʵҲֻիӡˢӡ˶ʮѣȴһ֮ʮˣһַӡΣļ֮Ѿܺ, ÿ¶ҪӡһݡסҲеԿˡ

֪Ľѧ־磨ճģ糤ŵĴͽԳɺͼλѾʱ༭ְʵϰ༭Ҳú㡪

Ҳûʲô۾飬ֻԼļܹӡˢҷŵիѾܺ, һ˵ǵļիͬļﻹŸ, ͸֮ϲˡ

ֻʣһ˶Լšʮ־ͳƱһ, һҪΪģ

ʮ

һճûʲôС˿ųд漯ʱûô͵òã

ǾáʮѾúܶ𣿡еΣգ漸δı༭̲סɪɪ޲໥ӵȡů

ͽԳɶž޴ѹϾǵһΡļô࣬իϰ嶼þ, Ҳǡܡ˰ɣ

û˵꣬űϣôģ˲, ո忪ʼһֱæӡѵû𣿡

ѧǹǩԼ߾һٶ, һεļ˶Ͷ, һһļļոٵһļֻڲֵø𣿡

ǡǻʮĶ𣿡и༭ŲС

ʮǶģ

ΪСǽѧǵǩԼߣŽģΪֶ֧ڵѧʮļһ׶, ʣʮűżװԼĻӡΪûë_(:١)_

ſò״Ĳ̨ӳԱ̾˿ʾԼϾԲܼȻӺͼ˽š

һļֻȺڲȫûбҪȥի˵ļ飬ǴҲûҪۼֻҪ໥ժǩԼߵƷԼϾͿˣ

֮Ҫôʱ侫ȥסϣѪܹ˿𣿡

λ༭ϳ˶ݣһʮŻĴͽԳڴʱûбŻĴԻɱѵͷԣָ

ҪáסøãĿ𣿶ôԸˣôĶˣôԸĶˣ

鼮ͬ˵˵˵飬ֻܿ鼮˲ŻỨǮȥ鼮ԸΪס׵Ŀ鼮ĶֻһôȥԼĶ

Գɾòܡ

͵ؿԼҴͽһۣΪܹѪĻＤǺ£Ϊ־糤־ľκʱӦҪס侲ͷԲʱ⡣⣬ʵҲпǹ

ǵļȡΪסͲ˵ģǡʶֵ˵ġ

֮ǰҲ˺ʶֵʵȫͬĸ

ָЩ徭ʫʸ踳Կƾٻ黭ΪĿˣõ䣬дǰʿũ̵Ľײ㻮֣˾ʿǸײ㡣

ʶֵ˾Ǳ˼ʶֵ˶_(:١)_
ž֣־֮ȽǳԵĶϳ֣Ϲһʱ˽ӣûҪԶΪҵĴ㡣

ʿũ̸ײ㶼ⲿ˵ӰǸǸ·ʿ֮أֻ಻١ȻΪΪʲôΪһʶֵˣ鹤ûҪЩ¥ĺѵֻȥ˿

˵˶ûʲôžֱӰ֣

ݣСõĽͳƣǹ˼ʮ򻧣˶ΪͶˣʮˣŮԡСѮߣʮˡ⻹ûаѽסڽδؽ˿ȥ֡

ţó͢Ļŵʮһ˵ʮ֮оһˣһҲ˵ڵĶˣУˣʶֵ˿ڰ˽ԺѧʱȣӦ屶֮࣬Ҳ˵ʶֵɾӦʮˣټʶֵǣ˵жʮʶ˿ڣְɣ

һȻѾЩˣԭڵǾȻôôˣ

⣬סҲһ˵ļӡˢֽʮ־Ľ죬ӡˢһļĳɱֻʮǮʮģһֻһļ۸۸ǵĶǿɲߡ

֮һȫһļ

ˣµġסһֻȥʮλԴ˸е𣿡

ʮĿ˿ڣֻٶļǻմմϲ

øҶⱾļˣ֪סļȫͬ˵ǹīƷʫļ˵ǹǧ򻧵İұĴӻ⣬뽫֮Ϊ־־

Ҳв˶ԡס֮ԱǣҲǻáסռϲܵʫ

žƾѾϰ꣬״ԪǧˣĲ޲ǵ֮ǵʫʧֻ¼֤ЩڼԺ¥ʧ֮ˣȴЩ˿ڵļƪΪƵ

յġסҲˡ

ԸǴһ֮ļ

˵ĿſգǿʲôȻһЦ˵˻ҪͨǰⱾ־˽ǳʲôʲôʲôϲʲôʲôдʫʣȥǱµĵطۿһ

ǽǺεȵҫ

Σ㡣

һϹԭ·ļλʱ༭ʹͽվɫݣ䵽档

ˣʦһӦôĴͽʵ

üһ̾һκȻҪʵˣǾֻܿˡ

ĴͽһǫѷʦΪ




ǵİǺܿͷ֣һСסļͻȻͳķ棬ҪӶѣ

ȥ¥Էȴ־¥ſĺˡƷĳĳסƼ˾¥֮󣬾¥ĵСڸǽܲȵʱҲ˵

Ǿ¥ƳĲƷԹĶ˵ãס̾ģ
ʲôʡסʲô⣬ô֪ܲأȥիƾ֪~

ȺС˵طʱµʱ˵ǡ˵ǳʤѸ״Ԫɻʵĸʥ̰һ飬˵˵

֪ζסΪ֮ءԡһʫ˵һһؽ±

һϯʳǱ̹Ȼ·˵˵Ƕˣʵһֱ𾪣

ҹª𣿣
Ϊʲôϵı鶼ôȻѵղ˵˵Ƕ֪
ѵ˶סˣ
ҪǲҪڼҵӸЦˣ
ȻһҪȥһ

˵ʳܾԼ·ˣڼ￪軰ᡢ˺ö͹ۻ߳ҫһСҲͬһ͡

ǿųдһѹǰȥúõĲμӲ軰ĹŮ̲סڳޣֻĳõĿƳԼһۣӷ·Ҫ̵ȥˣ

ǽпɫɫܲÿ𣿡

пɫЩǺ⣿

軰СֻԼð붮һװԼ棬ʵ϶ǸʳСʲôпʲôɫĹŮˡ

ͣǶ֪

סʱﶼд˵ģȹ˵صģҾҪסƼǼεǿȸ

ǵСĹŮ޲ÿЩؼȥ˵򱾡סúÿֻԼûбȴ˿̸Ӷˣ

뷿֮ˣԺҲ⡣

׾ĺѼѧõĽ̸ۣѧӲĿ

׾ϻ͸ǵġסһڿ𣿡

Ѽҿͷ˿ˣ⡶סǸЩ秵ļһǶܿöһ㶼ԣƽʱõҵ̫ˣ

ôһ˵ԭ뿪ĳЩѧͣ˽Ųװڿһ˴ա

׾ֵǸǿ𣿡

׷ͷ˿ˣǡӴҵ죬˵ͷӺһѽ鰮ĹֻûƤˣû뵽ǹ±ԼһһһֿʱֻŮôǵ·̫ˣ

Ҳʾͬﲻ˵𣿡ӵȢ޵Ȣǡֻϧһڹֻһ㣬Ҳ֪ڶڵġסʲôʱŮǹͬµĹһͷһؿ޲ð⹩ҳסӰԴĹ¸

׾ͷЦõ⣺ڶڽϳˣիһأѾˣ

һǻˣһգ۾ͷ˸ûӰ
ڰ׾뿪֮ΧѧҲ͵͵Ժիȥˡ



ڶĩիϰѧǸµķֳɣĵǳ졣

ԺڣõϢ˵իϰļʱ༭־糤Գ漱ץֻЩ֪Լһϵҡ̡ҳסơǶԼݹϵΪΧƼס۵öҪ̱ڵأΡ

һյիϰ뿪ʱ༭ԳɵĺŶӽڣڇϹãǵĴϰµ

ǧᡣ

༭̧ͷԼ·Σ˸֡

ǧᡣ

΢Цظһ顣
λ༭ʶģǿЦ໥˴˵ĸ첲Ǳͷʹޣ

첻ˡ
ˣ
Ұ׾һ롶סһ
ûйҵ

Ȼ˶Ϊݷ񼤶ʱһĵϢ

ֹһڵġסĺϢһڡסҲիҹӡһᣬҲһա

Ҳ˵֮ǰʧܵĵһҲһ˺óɼ
Ϣһһ༭Ѿֻֿֿ֪ЦɵϣֽŶ֪δˣſȥ֮ǰ̸õڼ༭糤־ɷֵÿ˵

ֻǿʼվǰ˵⻰ʱ۾Ź⡣
ǵĿǡ

ѡסȫն־
Ϊ䡪




34.  ʮ   &

ס·Ȼ赽˽ѧ־, ˸ȥΪסʼΪ־滮Ŀꡣ

糤Գɵ쿪ᡣ

̷һΪʲôһڵڶڶڶȴñȵһںһԭڵóΪڶڵȤζԺͰ׻̶ȱȵһڸߵĽۺ, ּʾ֭ʼ˼ôáסȤζԱøǿ

ǡķ켫, ˲ӳ˵ʳҵѯʡǡĹ·չǿӡǡռƪߵһƪ·Žס

ͽԳΪѧ˲˵˽Ӵˣȷԡ

ʫǡǡ෴оûʲôˮ·Ҳ̸ʫʣѡһЩ廪ʫʷһ, ȻԺĽԴΪʱһɽˮйصʫԷŵ־ǸĿʫı༭

־ѡĵص㶨ǣʥ˷֮, ĳƶдһĸ˵һ˵ǵķˮ֮ʢ, רᵽʥ֮֮֮ʫ, Կת֮ı༭ڳ˼һͬʫ༭飬˽Ϳʼ˽̽Ŀĺˡ

ʳʱר༭ΪרΨҪϵ˲Ϊ־׬ȡǰڷãѣı༭ʼⶨ̵ͼ۸, ëֽддΪա

Ƿի䣿ж߶ԡסкν飬ҲͶҵȶȥ, ԸëԼ¡ʵϰ༭ԾԾԡ

￴ȻһĻ, ·صǰڻҺŶһ𿪻ʱ򡪡

¡Ϸ˼̽, 
һýֵŶӦеӣ

ҲֻŶڣеЩִѧһжִһֱҪ顢ҪθȫȻͬʱ

֮ǰй־רƷ桢ƶطÿ¡Ӻ͸Ľĸִ·ȫ˴ͽܣȻȻ뿪, ռ佻Ⱥ̽־ĳԱǡ

Щʱġҷӣһʱ־ɣԼҲÿʼڵǩԼ˵ǳŵϿѵԼǩԼ߶Ļˡ




סڴ֮ʼ

ھ˰ꡢҲ֮󣬱༭ҵ־Ĺؼڰȶᡪ

ʵѾ֮ǰ˽ԤĶܹˣʱѾŻĴò֪ʲô֪ġס־༭Ȼݻ⡣
һ˾öǻˣתߥţϣܺԽɽԼӵիһ£ѡסطҲһմɵǺһµĺԸ

ȻҲҰĺͼƻǵʱִͨѶһ˶طҲϤİѡס׸ӡٲ᣿סЩ̼ҹǲǸûһذջ᲻ĳЩʻĳЩмɻ䣿

˶Դһ֪
Ȼûܹѵ־չȫ־ĺʱ

Ⲣζšס֮طûһø˵ĵطˡ

žֵϲõľסȻĸһר

Ү

һ绹żеִСͼдĻƵ֣žرУͿ־壩

ˣϵģȻĴͽԳɡСӿųôɸɾнû뵽ҵ츳

뵽ִƢݵͣٿԼҴͽǽ񱻼Ͷ̥תͬһĺƢֱǵ߸ô

ǴͽԳڵһԼĻŵʱʵޱȵ뷨

ʵǿʦĻѧġͽ˵ΪԼ͵ѧ˼ЦЦ

ҵĻ
л
Լô֪

һʣϴɻı顣

ͽʾʦĴʱҵģʦѻһźɫĴֽϣǸװС˶

䣬ڼԼʲôʱ򻭹ִĻˡ

ⲻΪ졷ʱִĺ
ΪǸʱˣáѿ֪ơһͨǱʱ򲻷Ų֪ȥˡ

û뵽Ȼͽܸڳˣ
û뵽ϲ˹õĻȻͽۣܵ
û뵽ԼͽܸĻ˸ʱĻ磡

ŽӹͽܵǸϸëʻСϸšȻ̧ͷ̽Եؽг˸֣

񣿡
ʦ˵ʲôͽã
ûʲô̫ࡣȻỳԼѾദ˿ͽǴԽʷˡӴǻ_(:١)_

껭磬ϸ˿ͽܻĻݡ

ΪóͷԳɵûͷСС

СиаݣɫճӿɰģҪһưܵʦвֳЦĹ¡

ǵԴžǸԭ͹ƾǸĻ᳡ص£ȷʵưܣСԭ͹ƾͽˣǸֻȺЬӴû¶Ĺƾˡ

¿ڶгûʲôν߹£һӵļϡ
ÿСӵĿͷǡ죬ʦȥԵ/ɨ/ի///顭
ȻֱӻСͬĲͬ顣
ǻʦˡʦ뾡취͵ԡʦһֱ۸ʦֻܸˮ㣬ڿִſеè󡷺͡ӡۺϻ棬²ûǰƷôãҲ˿̲סһЦԤⲿǷŵסأһ񳱣
Ƭ˼ͿʼԼҴͽܰӵסһڡ

һΣԤȷˣ
Ȼķչȫһ_(:١)_

סڵڿʼͽԳСС

ԭŵ룬ССӦǵ϶ȺСһѣȻͨߵĿڱƼ𲽻鶼ǡ

û뵽һڡסϼܲ죬ССͻòҪҪġ

ΪͻȻðһǻ滭ĴţͬʱҲǳ͢һλʷˣ³dissҴͽܻġСС

==

ʱĻǶԻ⾳һּµ׷ϲҪ˼ڻĺǲԸ⻭ˣҲԸ⡰־Ի沼Ҳʮֽλ滭ţ̳

ԳΪûнӴ滭һʼͱšֻңġССֱӰԼҪ˼ȫд˻棡ڴţƻһŻУ

ˣһǺüҪ˵ʲô沼ֺ;ʵףͨͨûУ

ⲻһ
ĳϴΪһʦţúҷɡ

ʲôƽδ˴ײĻĳͬϯӹסСࡱԼ뵽ĸĻһ飬дƪŻССĴԼߡ
Լ겻֪㣬ٿĻ˿
껹֪㣬صͶˡסիָҪع֮úÿ

ع֮ҲţĿˣûʲôоΪ̫
õЩʺʫǰûɶ˼_(:١)_

Ҫ˵ĻˮƽһεĴͽԳˡ

סղ棬ʷ˵ġ黭֮ܡۣ־˶û¡Ȼƽ˺üµĶǰյİ֮Ѿλʷȼˡ

ʷôĹ٣
黭һ֪
ǸССʲôô˼ʷ˷ô
ú棬Ҳȥһס

֮󣬹Ȼֻ
е˾ʷ˵ĺܶԣССûУĿҲ˾ûͦѽǿž;úúЦһһ飬رϲǸܰŪ˵Ķʦֺһֻ͵ʦܡ

֮սʹ·ԼĹ۵㡣
Ƕʱ伸еĶ˶³ˣǻддʫִֻ֧ζĻ֧Լһûһ⣬ͷ·˳ź˼Ҳ˵ԼԡССĿ˼һ

һ˺ü¶ûһ˷ԽԽ𾢣ٲȻйųơ

ģȻˡССⲿġסˡ

סǿⲿأͻأ˲ᣡ
ֱһͣһµʱɾӸ߲£ȶȷִ΢ǰʮɼ֮



꣬סֲиءСС̴ֶͨһλͬõĻ򣬽¿һҩĵĸôĿȡΪٲá

֮ͬǰٲáһĿһƳܵ˸ڡסнܵˮһ򵥵֪ʶǵһ£㲻ȥĻ˼ͺȵĶ轲һ˿Цõ

ٲáŲδȫ־ԭĿžԼѾ˿Զ־ֵʱˡ

Ժ־˱֮⣬Ҷٹʣ׼Ҫѹأҡ

ôԼĴͽ˵ľͶԡסٶˡ

ס죬һȱһȸߵĹѺֳѾȫܹԸ㲢ѧǵš

Ŷȥ׬ǮµһճºȲ˰ҡ

ҪСⷿڰˣ

¼ҵĵصǱȽƫƧУΪȽϱˡ
һ̣ͨ˵̺Ժӡ

ǰԺ

ѧǡҲڲһ鲻Сľƣһ̽ëõң߸߹ڵ֮ϣư硣

ڱӷֳ֡

һ˲ʹãǣĿǰҲ˵ˣǵĳͺǩԼԼ鶼ڴ˰¥͸ۡҪ˵Ҳͬϵ

һڴͽܸ־ģǩԼͶ塢߽ܶ顢һĻٰϢԼλͷУ

һŽ³һţȡΪ硱
ԣۼľǽѧǵǩԼߣԼѧǵ⡣ĿǰûʲôܣҪҲϸ־ǩԼǹԼ֯ǩԼٿĻᣬ̽һ¹д˼·

ѾԼͷϷҪԼ¿ҳˡ
˲ŽĶͽܺڹ˱ڵͽܣҪǶͽܳ棬ͽڱٿس⡣

һʼ˲ʵҪͽܵģͽȻЩ˵Ĺͨ治ǺóǱĲŽͽܡͽͽģѾҪǽˡ

˭û뵽ܹӦ˲ĻСͽܡ
ŷֵʱ˵ȻѾСССƴˣԸĸˣ֮ǰƻƽټ˵˿ۻҲһٳɲʵʩġ

ˣŵȻûٰ˼Ѿֵҵ뷨ֻСС̸ᱻСƣöͽȥ䵱棬ֻСٴһЩͰ˲

˲־綼죬ֻʣ³·һš
ֻȥ˽꣬һжһˡ

ϰҪһ£ǻƼҵĻҪˣＴ¼޸Խɽҵɡ

ŻļױһȥĻнѧǳġصرעѧǳ硱ġǰĹ¡طʱΪͬ

ȵٰ죬طʱͻԽɽͶǵիͬʱϼܷۡ
ԶΪҪ۵أԽɽΪ
ȻطʱȥѾɽ˵¥˵ˣͿְС˵оѵһ
ѵ˶׷ˡطʱÿһ˵飬һû©
ӸӦ©¶˱µ˸Ŷԡ

Ⱥ˱ضͻΪطʱǱң
Խɽ
Ȿѧ̽·ɡ

µһʹӡطʱ濪ʼæµ
طʱһȫͬϲˣһⶼûС

ӡ򱾻һھȫ꣬˵ڶ£ص»˸Ƥիٴӡˢһ汾ӡᡭ
Ż˸棬Գɻ˸ͼžװիӡˢ򱾡_(:١)_

ǰǰʮһᣬ
իϰ屻ˣôҲ벻ʮһϲ£ֱЩƾٱر徭ǿƾҲ

¶̵΢Ц
֪ʵʮһĶˮֵġ
вϲطʱռĶÿγ°汾ҪһŸ˸ʮһûдǶүҵСӡ

طʱ˸ͷִ־һı༭һɸѡǣв̫Ͳ̫÷ڴ֮ͥµ˵ĵĹ¶ѡ漸ҼѾ˵¸˵Щ£͵Ϊĳ

Ű桢Լ廭Ʒ桢ϵںдǡĸ塢塢֪ΪдǰĻ˲־Ӵ

ŴһæӶˣȵƻжһ³ˣŲŷ֣һֹˣµһҪˡ

һ꣬ʮ꣬СӵķΧǸеĳˡ
һ꣬ǡƾ꣬ؿ۶ǣΪɫ١




35.  ʮ   ƾ&

Ŀƾٺִѧһ, һΣܿճĿƾٵ̱Լʱ֪ҪԵü򵥺ܶࡣ

ܹһڵطϿ, н, ĻڶͨԵĿǶͳһʡԣһڻʹڿɻʵ۳Ⲣ, еԡ

̼򵥵Ŀȴʮֵ꣬Ϊǽʥ˱Ի, ڴµĽ׶Ҳû, ʱ͸п, һҲմͳƾٿԵġ١˵ϴοƾٵԣ˼ֱӴӰ̨һ۾͵⣬ҪǿдԼĴ, ˵ʱߵɴ󳼡

ʥ˵һҲ½ĿƾٿԳԽԽԣ˵طϵĿԻȽϴͳտ֮⣬˵ڶ׶εʡ, Ҳա١, Ҳաģ塱, ˫һŷ_(:١)_

ּߴͳ봴µĿģʽɵľ󡪡

һһƾ꣬Ǿ˿ڴըʱڣ¶ǵ۴ǡ

ƾٿԶڶǾ, ϿǵŴͨĲΪ˲һεĿԣܶ࿼ǰǰʱʹӼΪһǣƾٿԡ

Ǹչꡢų£μһٰʡĿǾ½½ִ˶ǣ׵סⷿӵⷿӡסջסջڽͱ֪ӺͺԺӵҪǡ

һʹϢ

ϢһĻһܵϢ

ǡƾ꣬ʿ۶ǣݣ궼ǵʿӣÿʮΪƿʡԺ͵Կⶼپ+徭ȫƾԼϲó⣬ҲЦԼֻȫƾ⡭

ĵһνѧǸ߲ϣ硢˲־֮еĹǸɳԱ׷ײ룬Ҵ˿ԼλϣΪһ궨һµĿͷ򣬲ʼ˼һҪ顣

֮ǰҪԼһĿͿʵʩļƻŴִϣܹõһϰߡ

˶֪Ĵ󱳾ſʼҶгԤͼжϣ

һǻѡڿǰǱѧϰ濴ĿԾͽͣѡڶѰһݿ׬ǮĹ׬ճѺͷ·ѡԼѡڶֵļʾͱضҪ󡣡

Ǽż¼ӶСĶ˿ͽƾٿԲμʿֽùĿ⿴Ļǡ

һȺˣܹڶҵʱЩ
顢˷ȥλСɾСӵ
أ

Եˣ־ı༭ǰһ˫ֽգԾԾԡ

ôһȺīͣڶܹЩʲôأ
μӿƾٵĿŸ볯Ϊٵ˼ȻҪԼǾͲȥԺķ
ȥʣµĲôȥ

ʱ¥˵ˣիһ򻰱־ѧӣСﶼȺ˵ӰҪģȥǺľ¥ǵ˽ǵĹ£ĸԸȥիǵĻǵ־

Źڡǵġڳ˲İʾ

Ƿ·뵽ʲôһȺðĥø֨죬һߺƸ۵ģ

֮Իһֱ飬ΪгѾǽѧһҶľˣĽѧѾӵ˼ľ֡




˵ˡ˺־ѭĲһȫµгһȫµ¸֮·һԾΪ˶ǵˡ

һʼѧǵССȻûбµǷڶվȽŸٲȻѾΪһֻ½𵰵ĸ

еѡźһ׬ǮݣȻҲе˾ԼʱйϵһʮĻëСӶܳɹǾḻǣȫԶ׬Ǯ
Ǳսѧǵģʽһȫµѧǡ

뷨˲Ծȥ꣬½½ѧƵġѧǡѧŽӪģʽҲڶб˵ˡйˡիӡˢѧŵֶ̼ͨƷķʽչѡ

гôͻȻð˼ѧŽѧǿӣȻҲͷԭڽĲ⣬ֵųԱĲ

ʦģǣ͵˵ĶͷһرһҾ¥ϰֵµ˵Сš

˲ˣҲܵ˻ٵӰ죬һȺҲΪ֮ߡ

⼸ҾԽӰҲʵǿҪһҽīġ

Ϊī󲻽һѧкǣϸ³Źż٣ְܲҵµڴҷɾʱؽֵһѾ˵ǩԼߺǩԼˣ˵ˣ¸յϢæҡ

Ƿ׷Ÿ״ϣΪͷԳǼҽīһѵʵûҪѹЩ½ͬеĴ㡣

Ȳ˵ѡϲ˹ݵϰ巽ʱصī󱳺ĳλи߹ٵ֧֣ʵۺɲ͵űҲгǲܱһ¢ϵģҲֵüоĳ֡

Ҫҵܹչ൱ľֱز١͸ʦܻϵļ꼶꼶ɼһ

һֱǰĵһʱײһ֡ᵱһɽСĻþһûĿ꣬˾ͻиȥɼٽΨе֪˶׷ţǰ滹иˣŻг徢Ҫǰܡ

Ǽƻڵ塣

ⲻЩĶĵĻ˵ǰʾһ¼ŵˡоŶ̹Ⱥ˵Ķ־

ءһС˫λվԲīһǵˣ

༭Ҳ˫ֽգصͷ

һȺԾԾԣչһλ˸

Խ겻ǿƾ꣬ͬʱҲҵĹؼһ꣡ȫصĿ۵ǩΪǩԼߡΪ༭ǰǵ־ǵĻǵ˵飬ĵؿֵļƻʵʩĿܣ

ǷѹīǷܰѡסǵĻȫأǷܴɵǳŵġȫѲ˵顯ɰܾͿһˣ



Ҳڶʱ˽̶ϱ˶ܶ࣬ļƻܻʵʩ⣬ΪһˣгưȻҪʱŸտʼ·ͬǿϰٱ

º󣬶ĲμӿƾٵĿѾൽ˿ҪĵزˣջȫסзİҲ̻׷װѼеĿշڳѧӡ

ִﶼǲѧȻͬ˱ÿչ̶ʱѧϰ֮⣬ɬĿʼ˹µ¥իܡ

Ϊ׼Ľѧ˷Ӧ

סһ´רΪԶ˳ؿţÿ±سһڡס⣬⻹ӳһᡶסӡؿ

ؿǱ༭ǺŹͬרΪʿ׼ģĵṩ˰ڶˮӡйؾӦĶȷ̸ǱȥĵصͱسԵʳڵĸʿҪ֪飬ؿһϼۣܳͱѧһա

ֱӹϽĳڡסϿһ֪ͨʾ˺һֱƾǰÿµʮսѧǳ綼ٿĻᣬʱвٱʿӲμӣҲӭʿǰͬĻѣȻ·һųƸǩԼߵĹ_(:١)_

һӮ˲ʿӵġ磬ز죬ɲиܽѵĵط

֮в֪øʲô˲СĲ߻£˵Ĳݺ̯ϰ壬ЩרΪ˵˸λãƸǩԼ˵ϸʳͣǲֻܵǮʿӣ˵顣

˲²չĹʳδ˵Ǽ˳һԼϡࡱľ¥ǿƵΪԼһˡ

ͬзӦʱΪƾһ顰⡱ȻѾ˴룬ҪҲˡ

Ϣ֮䣬ѧǷ·ͬе˰ʾ׵׵ĴԭͰֵīϰ˲ٵĲ롣

˲·ͬɱ˸ĸɱ˸ĸߣ˱ɱ֮
ع֮¶ۻû꣡
Ǹ°ͼǿԴ˵īϰڵɴ۾¶׺֮ɫ




36.  ʮ   ʢ&&ץˡ

һ, ׼μӿƾʡԵӶԼڶǹɡ
һһҽѧǵء

ʵǶǵ̫ߣ̫˵Եʡ

Ⱥǲμһؿƾ٣ﶼòҹƴղܽ·ϵ̲, ǵ˶ֻķѺͿջѡ

ҪôֻܳǵĴס, ҪôֻһɽҰ½ޣһڶҿԸɵĻԼ׬һʡԼþΪ˴շ̲ʱֻ˵ǵǮææµµججعţһֱŵƾٷŰǽѡ

ǸɿЩʳȴֻһʿˮԼı۵ЩȺڶǸ̸۴Цʿͬȴֻ׶ԼǮҷȥ·ѡ

˶ڴ󲿷ľ, ǲμһοƾʡԣһַǮַĿ¡

, ΪͬһǳԿ֮, ĶȫȻͬ

һжѧðйأ

ľǸյ, ͱǰһִͬŵի˱סӡؿ

αػԩǮ飿ѵпƾؼôǱˣҵʡŵǮ⣬ְ㻹ǿȥҷס°, ȻҪûطסˣ
ʢͬƾҪիߡ

ʢǴμӿƾٵڶʡԵľӣⲢһβμʡˣڴ֮ǰ, ǿ, , Ѿǵˡ

ǣԼ֮ǰμӵοƾٿԾʲôĿдʲô𰸰ӡûУǶԶǱ߳˲֪ٵĵӡ

ؾ͵ڶۻûǵʱȵջҪ䷿, Լò׾ݣκΣȴˡ

ǽĳأͬʱҲǸƫԶСǣ붼·;ңԶҵ·Ҳߡ
ҪǣҪһɽ·ȻҪͷŽʻϰҪٸһ·³ʢջůԴͷѩڡˮǵǿԿʱǰബִﶼҲѾ·ˡ

ɽ£ǵ۾ͱȹʱҪ

ԭΪӽ£۾һСǸϲϵģԲڵĳʢԣÿһθϿܼ尾żиĸ͸Ǯǣۣͷӿһ֮УֻԼǳȫϵġ桱

Խ꣬ȡѵؾͼŸԼһοƾٿʶԽɽʿ֣Խɽ붼ֻаµĽųֱ̣ضִܵﶼǡʢǼϣ㵽ȻԼһϵ͵ļ۸䷿

ΪʲôȥⷿӶҪիʲôס

ǮǸƴ˴ΪģÿһʶҪڵϣ

ѵⱾ־⵽˵ķΪԼʡ²̲𣿣

Ҳֵ¶Ȿô

λǰµִﶼǵ¶һŵı飬ڳʢŽ֮£ӲذǱסӡ˻Ȼʹųʢľ¥ȥԷһߵϲһóʢʱúÿһⱾе־

ʢΪȻطⱾ־ſһΪٲáרŲˣ
ΪǸСٲáרдƪµͨһ絽˵ľӵͬþʴʽ¼ӵձĲ֢

Ϊʲôһ·϶úõģ˶Ǿͻ֫ʹɫ׿зɣ

Ϊʲôϻ᳤һһֳֺС

Ϊʲôʢգȴô䣿

Ͻʲôƫ

ָô죿

Щ⡭Щʢǰεǲμӿƾʱˣ

ʢһֱΪЩΪԼһ·ϵ·̫˲ŻЩֱ֢Ȿؿ֪ԭЩǲ
ЩеΣ

һλͬôĻش𣬷ҪЩκҪЩֻҪ·ɹɹ̫ܺã

ЩʴλͬõĴⶣľڿϿԴЩԤһЩͻ

һ£ʢҲԹԼⱾؿòֵˡʮǮܹüοƾٿ⣡ֵֵ˵ֵֵ

˭뽡ؽҲس
ʮǮֱֵ̫ˣ

סһרΪؿȻֹһרóʢ۾ֱٲý˸СƷ֮ʳרΪƼ˲ٶǵʳ

һʳǷϲ˹ݵġڽڸߡ˾˵ΪʳѵҪȾУԽ껹û˳Ƽ˵Ǹ֮ˣòٱīһ˵ȻͿʼһγԵǵʱĸܣ

񣬷СС븹У飬پɾԪ֮вǡ

֮ûƾûУҲûһζǣ

óʢʳ޲̳һζ

סؿʳҲʮչȺ翼Ŀζļ̸ζУ˵İҲּ۸ȫƼΪĵΪĿ˸ּζľ¥

ʢʱ֣ڵҾ¥óƵģڶǵı桭ʱԼղŻһ¸еԵ

Ȿ־ֱһרŸʿдһʳסиָʡǮСϣһҵʲôʱĶۣ˶ǿȥЩûǮ͵Ͷɫĵط

סӡˣŰԼҾ¶ɫ

֪¶Ϊ룬ȴ򡢻ֵģֳˡСܡ

æʢЦҡͷʾ⣬Ȼ󷭵סؿһҳָŵֵܣˣȳ극ΪֱȥǽѧǵǼǣֻҪݺʵֱȥ˼Ҽˣ

סӡҳӡĶǸ֪ͨйڶٿ֪ͨʢҵᣬص˸ǣԤʱȥμӣڽѧǳٿʿĻ֪ͨоһԽʢͷ۵ס֪ͨ

֪ͨ˵ѧ־ı༭ڱдһؿʱʿǵѰľ޷סΪˣѧǺ෿˼ҶԼĿշãԶмʿӡ

пշԸ߽Կɵѧ־Ǽǣ͵Ҫй־ʿֻҪЯԼ־ƾ֤ɵѧѰǷкʵס

ʿϲ⣡

ǰǣҪⶼǰյһСҾͱǮ·ŻԸǽܷڶ⵽һ䷿
ѧ֪ͨһԭдʿӵ⻧ķǾͶᵽǼǣЩҲٻһʡܷѡֱԽϵ͵ļ۸סβϲ

ʱ˵Ϊڽӵ͵ܵźڿסĵΪѧ˵ǼǣסڳǶһλ˵ļУҪɣ

ȻΪȱʧûܵǼǳɹǼʱλǵͬһ־ͱʾԸסңԸĲȡֻ㵽ѧǺʵݣұȥͬ

ʢһʱͶλδͬмֱһٺ󣬶˱㵽ַǷĽѧǡ

һѧǣ·ؾʹųʢرĵǼǴʼǼݣʢһ߰ԼӦ׼ĸ֤óһ߻شŸǼǵλ༭⡪


ʢ

ûʢֵβ˵꣬һԹǼǿڵһ·ģɾͻȻסһ˷ܺͽ

ʣгʢ
ʢͷ
Ǹо̣ʮʱҵ䣬ù״Ԫĳʢ
ʢĪŵͷ

ͷһ㣬ǰɾ˷ˣȻתͷ˳ǰһɾӣ

磡ҵˣ
㿴Ҷң

==
ң
ôǵһôĵ
ʲôǷԣ




ѧӶΪ˽ڶǵΪѧǱúù˵ͬʱѧźԼֵµٿһδᣬҲΪһѧӴĹԴе

סӡؿۼѾˡס־ڿ߼¼ⱾؿѾȥʮᣬիϰʾǻڼӡᡪ

񲻹·ݣ½½вʿӵִﶼǣסⱾơʿӶǾסָϡؿȻ׬һ

ȻƳסӡؿ֮û£īͬҲ׷ƳΪʿ׼ؿǵؿʱ˼¾ģǵȴǼҴϸ⡯ģһԱȣ
֮ǰΪīȥ˾ǩԼ߶īԹ־糤Գ˵¶һܲ糤Цݡ

˵мʿīƳġī㡷ؿǱؿָⷿӣֻһ¾Ͱϵ̲ˣһͷ־ʿһܣƾٿʸ񶼲Ҫˣ嵽īſڰͰѡī㡷ؿ涪յֻʣ»ˡǣ͵ǵĶã
༭ҲЦֻرķɡ

ʱΪ֮侲Ųòð侲侲ͷԡ

ؿȻúãͳʱСɣƪֽ̫࣬ҲҪ̫ӡˢǮǿԼСҪдЩʲôݣǶʡԵʱмСͯרŵԺſڷʿӣǰѡסһؼȥ

ǣҵȵĿǳŽٹʿӶǣѡס־ͿڱȥȡĽ죬סǶܻӭ־ܻӭ־

Ѫһ־ĹǸ̾ǹɴñĿУͶµķܶĿȥˡ

־飬תͷ˸˲С塣

СύҪ˵Ѳ˵ļƻƻдð׻־߱ʵʩԣŵķɡ

ΪСͽܡҲǶ˽ٵͽܣСŵĺܶ뷨ܹܿⲢһž⺢Ǽ·ߣʱաˡ

СʾѾϵ˼ˣԡڹﴩ桱ΪԸڳһ˺һʡȥ

Ѿʼɸѡֵµ˵ˣȥ岻òġԸԼˮƽģԼ˵ԼεѲػ

е˷ۡҲϵˣһͬ˹ãһ˵ļҾǳ䵱ֻ˷ͻҪǳǮ

˷ƹǮƼ¼ģκιϵˣҪֱŷģΪȫҲһ
ŵͷʾ⡣

ѲصǰվѾöˣڹ·滹áҲ֪Щط˶ʲô¡еصΪǰѹؾͺˡ
СڰʾþеǩԼ߽ˡ

Ļκ綼ǴڵģͻᵼŶڵ⵽ơ
Щطţ⣬˵˵ǵ˾¥һСţ⣡㿴ǵط˻ԸԸĹ£
С뵽һ㣬ڵҪѡĹ½Ѳ˵黹ء

žСķû⣬Ƭ̺

ˣǾͰ۵й˳ΪǩԼߵĴʹ޸ģһ֪ͨŵסڿ׼ʿǵɡ

ʿҲв׾ȴһ֮ˣžһֱڡסϿǩԼߵĹ棬Ϊ˵

ΪǩԼߵڳһ£;صʿĻᣬȴȻԸǽǩԼ޼

Ȼܺãҵȵļ붼Ҫµ·̣дҪǩԼÿ½һ޷ɡҵⶼ
ҪֻΪⶼ׬ǮǮ׬ʲô壿

ʶԼ뵱ȻˣⲻִͨѶʱٶȲô죬սѧǩԼ޷еʿ䵱ǩԼߡ

ǣ£ٿ˽飬οִվǩԼʽڻǩԼΪǩԼǩƷԼ

ܹÿ岢ʱģǩԼ޷ʱ·;ңԶģڰѸд֮͵ֻҪ˾ĬǩƷԼٰǩƷԼķֳɽѼ͸ߡ

Ȼкܶ©ҪϢűЩŵȥۣӸѾֳɵͷʽһ۾һµʱ䣬ֱǰһ·

űٵһʱ䣬֮ٷȥȻľƺ󲽲ƵľǵʱԽԽˣˣȰѹ涨һҲԡعͷòԻٸ_(:١)_




ʢСסİɾа׾һ׾סĸТǶ̼ҵүΪƺʩ˵μӽѧǾٰʿĻᣬӼĻ׾ݵʿӡ

ˣȻĲһ㣬Ҳμӿƾٿԣȴʿ֮еʮ֮á
õҾƶΪֲ۵ĳʢν֮Ҳóʢһʼ֪ݵʱ̸ֹ̲סš

ŤĸоûʧˣΪǸһͽҡİ׾Ǹ̫̫̫̫ɾˣ

ûΪʢҾͶ¶ͬ߱ĵ飬ʢȻ鲻ãȴǸˣλ׼ҶүҪ̲ӦôίĻؾָôԷ׶پ֪һ㡪

Ҫ𣬰׶ó̰ն½ϵ͵ⷿ۸ѷãһǮٵˣ

˵Լ׾ݵ飬׶ҲʣֻǽѧǿǩԼߵĹ棬Ǹ׬ǮĺõطֻҪð׻дһдķͶ־磬ֻҪס˾Ϳõѣ

Ϊл׼ֵܾ¥һۣ׼ֵܸܶӵ˳ˣ۸ܹıīֽ⣻

ˣ׾ڷһֱڷڿǱסӡؿ󣬸ֱ˵Ҫ°дʳһ顢ĵطȥһ飡

һ𵽷ϲ˹ƷһƾʿӱسԵġڽڸߡġʿ硱ڽڸõֻʡԵڼУһԢ⼪־µĲȳԵóʢֻԼҪͷҧˣ

ǹͬǼҾ˵ǽ˿ľ¥˵˵һϯ˵Ϊ˿רдġƶƾ·˹ҵ䡢־飬һũͨŬտ״ԪȢԼǵĹ˹ĵĹԭʡԻĳʢҲ̲סԽĿƾ֮·ģ

ǻһȥμӽѧǳΪʿӾٰĻᡢȣ׾ĻʶѣҲһ㲻ɻضԴҽԼѣĻϸ

ֱ׾ʢ֪ԭһ;崺磬޾ϸչš

ľ͸׵Ƶ_(:١)_

ʢڰ׾Լ֮ǰĺֵ£Ӧ¶ǵڽѧǵĲͶ壬һ¾׬˷·ѣԤýһµʱѼ׽ǮҲһ׬ϡ

ѾˣһοƾٿϣͲٿˣֱӻؼ磬һѧǵǩԼߣƷԼдһдķ顢ɫСԡ˵£Ҳ㹻Լ͸ĸˣ˵껹ܴչǮȢһϱء

Ҳ˵ȥ

ɲ񶼳Ը˵дµĹ˿ͣŴսлָһ򿰿İƾԼı׬ǮĹǺõģ˵дµĹˣֵǸ߿һ۵ġ

ʢԽԼ뷨Խã͵͵͸¶׾Ҳõ˺õޣֵܰ׾֧֡

ֵܸʾʵڽѧеϵԸ⣬Դȥǩһݱ֤Լ

֤Լǩֱ֤ԼдĸһɶͶѧǣͶͬУôѧǾͳŵʹͶ壬ֻҪһͶ涨ÿ㷢͡

ǽΪסṩԼֻС񼶡繩˲еĴ׾Ϊȡȴڼʶī¼Գ˽ѧ־綼ûȤĳʢȻϲʤ

ڶ죬͸Ű׾˽ѧǣֱߵ˺Ժ

ʢһֱΪѾܶˣȴԺ˸Ӷ࣬˲ĻϵףҲ˵˵ͳһɫ۵֮дһԵֳһĻڳʢǰҪطˡ

ɾڳʢҪǩ֤Լһ̣ԺյĴͻȻ䱻ײһȺŹٸͷñĹٱ˽һС

ͷǸ۾ɵرر׵ˣһ̧֡һȭ˺Ժٵ

ʣع֮ڣ

Ⱥ֮Ϊ򶨵һվĳǣʹүСкιɣ

۾ʥּ⣬ع֮ıı桢ԻڣΣ䣡

һȫž




37.  ʮ   &ֵ

ΪһԽС˵, ֲүֲҵֲȥô˵ŰŰĵεǱҸֵˣ

һֱѺͽΣԼĵһη󣬶Դ·ӦʶԼؽˡ

ΰ
һطĺùȻһ챻ؽ˼
һΣ

ʲôΣ

Żԭļһ, ļδ¿ԷΪȼ

һڸطõ, һϷ̫үһľͷ˵ΡָľּΡ
ּιѺ͵ȼķԼҪúķˣΣն͵һžžǹŴطɡ
ڶȼļĴº̲¸ذ󰸣̲𸴺˰
̷ִ, ܹһȼﷸǷĴģ̷̣ţˡ

ȼļ, Σ
һһ㷸˻, ҪкͻʼҺͳ͢еϵġʮСһ̱ʥԲþĲܱؽļ, ǹѺطҪٸһĳطĵط
ȿ˽һ£
ķҲֻ֣Ҫôп̷ŪǾҪôʥĴͷšλ˳Ǽ

֮, ѺķˣصһȺˡ

ţ, ʲôҲʲô׹ݵ, ֻһƽͷϰ, ڽճΪеһԱ_(:١)_

׽Ĵ۾һҰ㿪ηηһ졢һͰһʯ崲һССĿ̧ͷպСصض۲µǽǡ

ţ˻еûʲôΣ, ûҲû룬ηжΧϵġˮһֻ϶ɱڹװ￴ʱְŮηǿ̫࣡

ͷηѵôõ

۾룬Ž͵ηʵؼη

Ա͹Աһ׺ͻ׹һδйһƽݱؽεġ

ϸƷ仰һƷƷ˹ؼǰ޹֮۾Ҳ֪ðĿȥ͸ɴؼη

ηӦùغˣ
۾Ưһ£ӣȣ̫֮ġ

ţ
ҵĴ۾ȻҺ̫ᵽһĴǶҪǳȥ˶Ҫѡס־ӵһڵһڶȥ



εʵǺĵģʱļִԻÿ춨ڴȥŷ磬㰲Ź˼룬Ŵεķ˾һֱڼ˷Ҳûɣ԰˱衣

εĵһӻһƬ״̬ϡͿ˷۲εĻϡһԼڵĵطΣȻ˯ȥˡ

ȵڶ죬ߵһжʵУҲ֪ԼܸЩʲôûܺ죬ҲûʲôԸ֮£ֻܿʼ˼һһֱԵ⣬Ǿǡ

Ϊʲôץģ

۾ץʱ˵µıı桢Իڣﻹһ·ǳһоأǲУϸ롭

⵽Ǹʲôűеģͷ˼⡣

ΨһȽָԵǡԻڡ˵ŵԴдĶƽ˵Ļ

ػһԽдµж˵ȫĻΣɥ

벻⣬ĵط̫ˣ

űͲʱˣӺͳ͢ߵһôǿҵη֮ģ෴ΪִĽŶڳ͢ĸǴǡΪʥ˵Ķǡǹ쵼ˡ

˶ʥ˵ֱ֮ܣ˵ȴȥܻʥ˵䣬ΪͲ֪ʥ˽ɶ_(:١)_

дʱԼļеĳߺʥֵֶҪܻ䣬м֣ܹ֮ͬסԼд־ͺܲˣҪ˼ά뵽ȥܻ䣬Ǹǿѣ

֣С»кܶ࣬ЩЩȴʱ̫Ҳ벻ˣЩ⵱ȻҲûʲô飬һСϰҲû˻ȥϸ׷أ

˵СС˵ʹκԾиٲ֪ΪʲôѧǲԸץİѱʥϸ״ǰһ˵ʥϽץΣʥһֻ˵Ļضȥ֤

Ȼͻ鵽˵仰д_(:١)_
GGĹŴԽ֮þʹ˽

ĳҪˡŰһֱ·˯˹ȥ

˯ȥһ졣



㷢ԼûԻ˵ʱЩʲô

ѡ޴ЦΪһ϶ԶҲѡ̹Ȼ⼸ʱдԻ˿ˣ۾ƹѾʮˣʮٸ֮ǰģʹˣҲòϣع֮Ƕһݡ

Ϊͺ֮ǰһûУ

ÿ췹˾ͳԣ˾˯û¾̧ͷǽǸ͸գƽþͷ·һ

죬ʱ䣡
ع֮ηſվ죬˵ڶʱ˼˵˾䡰ĳҪˡ֮⣬û˵һ仰
Ҳû֮ǰһ£

ȵ죬۾ع֮Ӳݶͷѽ緹ˣηṩ緹һĨҪȥ˯̲ס

֮ǰûʲôô

ع֮ҲûվֻǷ̹Ȼаĳⲻô

۾ü£

ع֮ʼ磺˯
˵ĳƽ֮Ψһ˯˯ȻѣǮֳȻڶע겻ˣһĳȻҪŻ˯

˱۾˲һֱ𣿣

۾Ȼǵһμи˵ǰԸҪ˯ģһʱ۾ɵøˣͿˣȻ˯ţ

㷸ı桢ıԻڵĴͲʥɱ㲻йߣҪɱЩ׽𣿡Щ֪ԼվҪն̲סļһ

ֻع֮޶ԣĳ˸ĸţȫޣȲ֪ĸ˭Ҳʶ˭Ҫĳľ壬Ҳһ˶

۾ʵ㲻ǻͽͲǼͽܣ
ع֮ͷͽֲ塣ͽܸһ֮սѧǵţܹԼҲֵˣĳ˲֮ˣĪҪ̫߿ҡ

۾컹Ҫ˵ʲôûüڣȴع֮һ
ֻع֮ʵλĳˣ֪ǺԵɣ

۾һݣתȥտڲԣ䲻ʵ

졷ĸʣ
۾ҲȻè̫ӣ

⣡ˣ
۾ӲתȻġ졷ع֮˳ǡ

ǡˣʲôû˵ղֻǻþ
˵졷̹֮١ĹĳѾдˣҲ֪˭ܳΪһµˡ

Ҳ롭ҲҪջңǾסջ𣿣һ£ѵͨ

ڹﻹš״
˵֪ʲô۾Э

ǰЦõ󣺡ֻ֪¾±ץģ
۾̾˿ҲװˣΪ˿żһǵıǵԼдһ¡




űؽѾˣϸҥԶУЩҥԽԽ壬ҲԽԽëȻ

ԭʮܻӭġס־ԼѧǵǶ׷ܵ˲̶ͬȵĵƣ¥ϰ彫ԭ˵˵ǮҲ˼ҽͽԷȰˣԭҪŶӲܽĻ֮Ҳͥ䣬իδס¼ܣҲ۵ĵطŲ˲۵Ľ䡭

ַǷĽѧòӡ

ԺŵͽüǵԼץߵʦҲʧȥʦ֮ǵδԼʧȥʦĽѧǸúȥδӡ

ʦֵܴһʼĻҵ侲ԭȹϵһϡ

ǵģ

ŵıץԭֻΪŲž£һ˲һɢɳʶԼʦźпҲز֮ͽ̾˸Բͬ뷨

ʦûˣǸôʦ£
ѧǸô죿
Ⱥʦֵָô죿

ϴȻҪѽѧǿȥģǾʦ滨ôΪͽܾӦü̳־
϶ʾԣΪʦıץһСԻڡпܾѧģˣĹ˲Ƕ˶á
Ǹǽͷݣ߾еǱҲ˵ͦԡ
˾˳졣

ͲסҪֵʱĽѧȴӭһ͡

°ͼ⣬ţͨŸ˵ĸоǡǮţӡһ۾һܣԳǡīƹ񡱣ʦֵܶԴ˵о͸ˡ

°ʹ˴ǰΪ˰ѽѧߵģ·һλãŲ̧Լ°ͣʮִ

ͽԳΪģվʾʦֻǱѺˣǾˣѧʦģɹҲ

°ͷ̶ЦעǸεܻģʶ࣬ѽѧǽЩǩԼߺ˵ԼתңһܳǮǸʦһϵȵĹײģʶ

ЦҲԼã

ţյع֮յǣѧǵ˶ûˣ˴Ǳȡ󣿴ʱȲ򣬵´ΣӶ뿴

м͸¶˼ʦֵŭɶֻ޳֮ˣ

СˣֻҪСһ죡ͲմȾѧǣСһվ˳ż°˿ڿˮߣһҪ˵ļơ

СҪЩԵöԲǮֱӳȥǼ°;һײһһеģǼ°ʹӵ˳ȥһҲɴһأصͷ֮ǰ¡

°͵һһ˲Ҳˡ

ʦûϢأǾڧˡͽȵ
԰ǲСӰæϢôʥʦʲôûضܷ׻̩ġͽҲɫ
ˣҪľʦǰȰѽѧǸάֺáǧʦһҲûˡСѵ˵ԼҲ̵õ˴ҵӡ

⼸죬ֹǣѧı༭߰Ƕĸ֣꣬ʦֻûϢ˵뿪ˣ
ҪҪ¸Ͳδȹ˺õ£

뷨ˣһȺѧʦʱģ˻˸ȹĵķ˶ǽܹԼʦпյ˼ά̵ģһһطʹʱһһݼƻдˡ˽еǮͳͳ˳ֳɼݺһһݿʼռƻ¡

ͽܴĿʼһһݷ־ͳı༭ؽٶһʱ䣬֤ʦΣѧǶһһǳԿģǰԼֵµǩԼߡ

ͽܺСȥЩ˵˵ˣǰؽһְͨ⳥ǣҲһٵһʱ䡣

죬ѧǵ¹λ־ļ࣬ͶǩԼ߱ʸꡣʧȥ˾¥˵鹤˵ҲС£ʼͬ˵ľ顢ͬѧϰΪδѲ˵׼

ʦؽεĵʮգд̽ϢĶСһ˽ѧǣֵܽӭԺǷǿϣеõֻƬ

ֻСɫء
ҵ˵֮²ð졣

ֵ̲סʵӣʦ±ѺΣ
ӵǿɻǵôԼǰ֮дһСμǡ
̾˿ͳǸϡ




38.  ʮ   ̹١&ÿ͡

Ҵ˴۾ʵ, ԭһֱվſڵĴ۾ʱҲװ׺ˣŽΣڸɲݶ, ͦñֱ, ˫ȭϥϣһƴģԼĶ˴ĳŴεſŻܣǰλòԼ˿Ĵ۾һ˵ˡ

Ҳѧģӡֱֱͦ, һʱ㣬Ť, 㬰, »ָǸɢ״̬ű˫ֳСȶ, ¶һ桱ı飬ԽԽˮֱڡ

һڣԭֻʲ˵Ҳ޲ðѶеĻͳͳġ
ԭԼǱһЩ鲻ԸĴ۾ſ˵, ĵ׵һ˿˲ŴΪУĺõѧżع֮ڷϲ˹˵ʱǲı£һֳʥ, һֳɳд, ץһµԭԭػԭ˳

Ҫűץ糿ʼ˵

֪, ֵᣬٹۣʥ˵۾¶ΪԱӦеһ

ţ¶治֪_(:١)_

ʵ͢ڶԴƺ̫Ԥ, Ĵڸз·Ҳֻа֮䷢ִѵʱűúǿңҪͻȻ䱻ץΣŶ˽ĳ͢ǹŴлʵд󳼵ķ⽨͢orz

˭¶û¶Լ޹ص鰡

ϣΪ˲ƻԼڡ˿ĿеĸߴװԼܶӣͷô۾˵ȥ

۾ŵճᣬһһ㣬ֻʥߵܹܴ̫ʵ˳ʱʷͻȻվʥ˽¶֮¡


ʷרŸһְģһٹ٣κιԱвΪʷд۸һ棬ʥˣʥΪʧݵģʷҲҪдѡ
֮ʷǸҲգ

Եʷվʱٹٰʥ˶ţ´ʷԼ֣۾ȻҲţע߶ȼС

˭룬ʷһμȲʥԵģҲд󳼵ģἰԼżõһ۾̾

ǰż˴һԻμǡ£㷭һҪʱ䣬ȴ룬һȴ⡣

ʥȻе㾪ôö˶˵Լʷ˻ֶȻʵ֪⻰֮пʲô

ʷ˵ٴ죬нУرѧ۾ѧر񣬰ſһһ㶵ġ

⻰дһ֪ʱʣžʷпǽƷĴԽС˵һܵ㻯ͽߵǰȡ澭Ĺ£;ħ֣еħΪͽܣеͽܵı½ħ·Ǹͨ־ֹ£ʵϣ

ʵϣ£Ȿһ׵׵ķ鰡۾ݵķʷȻ

ｫͥ͢±ʴۣȻסط̳͢ˡܡΪµɫжΨףΪһС¾ͻὫɱͬһ㡭

ʥԽԭϷʵԽ۾֪ʥ˶ɱ֮ϣʷȻʥ˵ĻϽ͵

ϻдʵ굽Ҽҡʥϰд֮˶д⣬Գ͢д⣬ŽɽдⰡʥϣ

ʥվʵΪˣΪˣ˾˵

ʷд֮˻жĴ̽ȴûжˣʵϣǽѧ֮ع֮ðж֮дڷ£ع֮ﳯ͢ڮٽɽ֮ˣ

˵꣬мԱҲվʾԼҲڷһ£ʱδ룬һ̨ʣʱ緽ʷ˵⡣

˶֤ðʥ˵۾ԡıı桢Իڡ׽òŹؽε飬ҲΪǿһûз֮µģʥʮӣҪ̲˰ʱΪʮ죬ȶʮĳϡ

֪д⡶μǡ޴⣬һҪΪֻλᣬ֪ſڣ֤ҪȡģҿԴΪȥȡʲôҪԻҲԴΪת򱣹ܡ

ſ˫Ѿ΢۾Щɬ

ôһ˲ԼڵǰЩڮٱ˦ɵĺϵĴǣ۾ǲʲô˵ʲôֻǸʲôûԲзۡ

ǰŲǺϲԼµȺԲзۣΪȺäĿһ˵˼άҲԼȺ˵ΪԼʹԲзǶΪԼż񸶳һУѡ˿ʱҲȥǣɷϵǣäĿκ֧֣ȷʵůůġ

ȻҲ

Ϊμǡ飬ʵĺϴס

дⲿж꾿ʲô뷨˭Ҳ֪ƾ˶ʥȴ˹ʶսʤ𣬿ɼĶⲿƷƷϸԻʵ϶ñӻϣо˼ά߼

ʵѾԼпܻΪԼһֱĲעɥһˣȻ֪ǡμǡ뵽ԼϾˣҲûʲô⣬Ǿ㹻ˡ
۾ҪЩʲô˺ܾãûʲôġ

µǲڷԵ˭˵˶㣬Ψʥʥġʥ˵ʥҵģ

Ծ֪µĹؼ֪ԼȫдһƪƱ½ȥҲһ˼ûСһʵ۲ǹִǹִЩܹȰʵ۸ıĴҲں˾ˣ

Ը顭ĳ˵ǿνǳߣĹĺˮ죿
ΨһĲʴžǡԼҵո𲽣ΪԽߵȻҪԲʵݼȥ˰ɣ
ûиһ̵ֵ£ûΪִԽǳ˺üҲֻˡһЦԼİܱʰɣ
ҲҪˣɣ

Σ˴۾ʮ죬Ҿ㽲⡶̹١Ĺ°ɣ




ʵûдʲô̹١ԴȻԼ֮ѾĵﰵľϮЩִƷˣԭЩΪ졷Ʒͬ졷ǰͱ˸⡣

νġ̹١ڿƴ۾֮ջ˼ҵһʱ˼ȥ淢ԼûɿʼӲӲ֮ȴԼȻ䷢֣ԼʹϱЩӾЩС˵ЩӰҲܹԼһù£

̹١Ϊнӡ졷Ľ֣ߺС뿪˶飬ǰطι٣ıչѺ÷̤˵Ѳư·

ŵһվǱ˳͢ղ󳼵ֵ飬ݶȺһһ˽⡪

˲֪ǸͲ֪͢вֵҲ֪ʲôղ󳼣˳Ƥ˼Īǡ

ΪһŸһлɫ֮еĳǲòѻ·ĺӻᶪµĸף͵͵Ҫɱ鷳ˣھгĬĴͶͷҲһֱæŸȫǵİдԵ˽

۾ȻЩȾֻ۾ͨ죬ߣٺĿεҲϯض˺Ǳҵ˶ĬĬᡣ

ŵ˼ά졷ı統ȻҪ򵥺ܶ࣬ڡ졷ɱ˺͸ֲڳ֤ͳͳʧȡ֮Ǽ򵥵İԼиӵԺֵ˼Ľ֡

һղϵطԱб˽ֿİӣһֱ̰֮ĽչԱݳ޵ͰյĿγĶԱȣΧǶȺ̰ٺ޵ҧгݣһĿŽµʱ򶼲ƽǰ_(:١)_

ĹؼѰ˱˵еСˮ֤ϣǰߵʱסġŵʱŵգ

˹ٷɡʱʱظͷ
˹ܽ˱ͻȻ俪Žˣ
˹͵ɺļƻͻȻһŲ˸֦

һȺ书ǿһּûðɣֻ޲Լ֮ȥǡֱš˹˱͵

Сˮõ޺õս
ʲô
ʲôıƣ
ǴӲҪЩ
ɹֻһĵڣ

㱥ʫ飬Ϊѵ̰ΪŰ𣿣꣬ҲΪ˰յһξ͸ȥǵŹո״İĿеӢۣӢ۵ģĹأµ־أļأ

ԥݳǵ쾿ǻһֻ࣬һ֮䡭ĪҪĺӿ㣡

ԸϾ֤

һȺүǶҧԼӿ޵ϡﻩ۾ǰ۾ˣȵѳζǰԼĵһԭ꣬ηںͶη˷ˡ

Ͳǿĵطˣ뵽СĿ޵óͦأԼա
˵Ĺ˼ȺʮļһúҲ׵֧뷨ѷȫŲĴ۾εĿԼҵż
ȻȺҲԼǰôȤĹ¸еˣһҲԼԭ˼任ʮ˼¡

ţ

˵ʲô
Ȼ̰٣ȥͽаĹԱɣ

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ʮվһߴһ߸˺ǽµĹзɿĹȥˣŽ˵йİҲҪڳϿˡ
ͬʱӽһͲ̽ͬһʱһԳ̽ˡ

ͷϴСС͸ɫʹڣԼʮģĸߴ޳ٲ㾫µʮţֳҲƵǷ棬۾ηţԷòĶԴ۾л

˶뿪ȺѺ͸ڵķ˶ԭλ峡Ǹ˺˫ֱȭһЦ

ϸ۲˵òʹ磬СƵüۡͷϺϷǸΡԼκ˶۽½Ϊȡ

˶æվֱͦȻ˸һٰʮȵľϹ

ݼ̫ӵ¡

û´ĻλžǵʥΨһĶӡһλ̫ӡ

̫ͻȻ١
Ϊ£





39.  ʮ   ̸̫&

ټη, ź̫ӵ¶ţһʮ֡г_(:١)_

ͨ£һѪĿʵ۶һºʴȵ̫Ӷ, ԽʱҲˡ̫ӵһΪƽ׽ָ, ֻ˵仰̾Ͷλδļ̳˺øж

¶ǰѴõ֪֮Ĵˣһֱδüһ̫ӵ´ع֮¶Цÿܱµõܿ֮Ҳ~

һδ쵼˾ȻԼ, ʱͷ˶̫ӵľ裬̫֮ӵͺǰֲ, ܿ˱һĿˡ

̫ӵ¸, ֮Ի, ʵܵõܣҲǶСӵ

طһǽģȻҳԱ⣬ɶǲܸԼҸ鷳, Ȼ֪ع֮Ͽ϶ûı˼ҲԸԼԼĻΪѡ

ǸܵүȫͶ̥Ͷĺ, ܸĻʵ۸Ϻȣ

ԼʹȨ, ҲԲȥ, ͬҲԼĶӡСȥá

˽죬СӰе̫ӵοһ¡

̫ӵļ٣ΡڵηĴõһε, ۾ηĵɨһ飬ź̫ӵ¶ţڵذ˰Ͳ豭ˮ̬Ⱥͷ̲סΪĵޣܾԼҷ˿δְ

˺С裬Ƭ̣̫ӵ±˴ǰ̽⣬˵йдġμǡд󳼾ٱΪһһ¡

õʵı֮һ֮ˣǹ±Ͼ̫ӣܵõһ֮ʱԴϣ;˲ʱ£ֱҹ˽һֱϵղ㣬֮Ҫ⡣

ŵȻ⡣
Ϊһδ쵼ˣʱһֻ̬ȷ˷ĽҵиϡοǷ⽨ᣬΪһ̫ӻΪԼٵһƷ޼СƽǸʶ˶λ̫ӵĺøжȡ

ǵ²鴦ʲô
̫ӵ¿μǡһ黹һͨĻأ

ɵ̫ӵ»شʱŲ֪ԼˣΪ˼̫ӵ¸ͲȥǱμǡǲǷģ˼Ϊλ߹עǡ

Ϊʲôʱ꣬ͻȻдᵽֻǰͨ˵һĹأΪʲôλʷ֮󣬻ôվϿأ֮۾ôˣ

ûʲôֻµѡź˿ڲ裬סԼѿڶĸ̾
˺òãоǴУ˼·ͨ˶һ_(:١)_

̫ӵƺڲĵ׵뷨ȻȻЦŽ͵ֹ֮Ϊβȥ顶μǡǲǷһ£

Դ𣺡Ϊ¶Թûʲô塣

̫ӵ³ƪۺŷһŴ¸һ£ԭΪ̫_(:١)_
ۡμǡǲǷ飬ֻǰгֻ֣ڶǷΧڴҲΪμǡͶԳ͢ˣμǡǲǷڹʲô壿

ˡ

̫ͳļ̳ˣ֮ʱѾϵˣһͳҼ̳˵ĽҶԼĸǳŵģ͸ĸԼǮǻһΪʶҲ϶Լҽɽܴǧǧ꣬һССġμǡôܶҡ

Ϊһʥ˾һܵļǮƴʡǮһκοΣɽĶҪһ£һĶð̾ըë

Ӷ˲ͬľǿⲻͬĿ

תص̫ӸղᵽǸ棬һΣ̫Ӷ˲

֮Ͳμǡ⣬Ϊǰû˶·ΪƫƫҪѡʱű¶
Ϊεץһˣ漰µĻ˵µ˵˲𣿡

һ룬
֮ǰһֱ˼ԼϮжġμǡȻμǡǱǰϵķ⽨鼮ԼٱҲǺģȫȻʱߺߣ

̫ӵڴʱ˸ӣ֪֮²鵽ʲô

ŵ˼·򿪣֮ǰһֱûϢԺ֮бַ

ΪʲôἰǱһȺԱ
ΪǰûϵȺԱϵ

Ϊʲôֻᵽǣ浽ˣ
ΪԷĿֻҪҪŪнѧǡ

ûش𣬱ضĳͬĽѧǡ
ǰߡ

뵽ѧĻҪĻ־һ־뵽Ҳʮˡ

ʱó̰ˡ䲻˵
̫ӲѿеĲ

ż£ҪĻѪɫйء
̫ӵһδЦȻҲ~

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ŵһοµʱǰһİҪӡˢϼܡΪ׸˽Ĺ£

ǶĿеһΣ
ʱĳʱС˵˹С˵гһƬ죬Ṧɡ书ؼŮЩʻѪڡ

ѪɫȻһͳС˵ĹֻһʱڣǮ⵽ĳλԱ죬ǽȨɱӳǱһؤϹȣϹӵĴ¿ʼʶһ书磬Ҫѧ书ΪĸѪۣ
뽭˹ϵ

µԭСĳ긴¼ڿ֮󽫹¸˸֣صߣֵĸó˺ġѪɫ

ȻʵһϸڣϸڷźߵĹͨ档
λ߸ǸĹʵԭ͵ġ

һطһ⵽Ⱥֻû书Ҳûнûܱ

ʱЦŸλߣɱˣҲɱˣֻҪдÿӡ˿Ƕ˵Ķй֮ڣγҳܱ

ʱ˵仰ȫ뵽ǰýعԱ̰ܻߺҵ¼ԼʱֲҾ¼ķ߿пܵ³йԱͻȻѵԭ򡪡ֻǶһԱַʽҪ򵹣Ϳֵǣ

Ϊͬһ׼ǲ鷢

ΪһȴҪй֮˴ڣ̫صؽ豭¡
ǰΪ̰¾ý³

һǶԹ޹صġμǡߣһǻḯʴҳ̰֮͢磬ѡһߣǸͷ⣡

ڲһ֮ŵҲúܼˡ
ճᣬ϶μǡΪ飬±ǡѪɫλ֮£ʱʱضаأ»ּΪ֣֮ȱǡ
ᣬΪμǡ޷ɻؽѧǣδ֮£¶ǵ˳ªݣ

۽˽̫ӲŻѡڳ֮գμӳᣬȴĽ

˵ʱҲʼ˰ɡ




֮

ڽ˽Ҫ֮󣬴̹ٺ̲վ˳Ͷʮǰʥ˽ȥġع֮μǡһʼ

ȻŶڴ¶ѾΪƨɾԴһͬðѡμǡΪ׵±ϾѾʵǰʥҲ̬ҪԹʣ¾ûʲôɵģҲ渺İǰһ飬޾ϸʥ˼ˡ

ع֮ƽǴӽ񣬺пΪԼòҾԹ޳͢£
ع֮дμǡʱıȻû͸¶Գ͢Ĳ˼ҲûбʾԳ͢ĸм£
ӡμǡСʢİնаĹ°£
ٵؼģЩԡμǡӰ䳯õĹƬΡ

̲صؽɹٽμǡմӳʦ͵ٵ칬һڳǴ칬

칬
Ծʴۣ
ع֮





Ѿ̸˽ȥ̫Ӻ͵֪Լо˵ŶĺȲ죬ձһʼҪá
̫ӵĺ֮£˽μǡĹ¡ľ档

ʡʵƬΣϲգΪϲǰڵգȻڽ칬һʱüɫ裬һ˲۾۰Ͱ͵Χۡ

̫ӵЦ˴칬һκ̲ס˵

һΣȺԱض£칬һҲٵµĸʥ˲飬ԴҶ˰ʥϰߣ˵˴칬֮ʲô飿

ų˼Ƭ̣̫֮ȻʵѲ֮ǰۻţǼ⣬λʵ۵ƽЩŵйλµĸ¼Сż͸¶ԼҡʲԸ뵽λ̫Ի·

ʥǻִЦ



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̲ɫʥ칬һΣ޲ϵıµȻᱩףһͷ͵öҪǵĲˡ

ʥһģ
Щӵ˶˼ҵıģ·ڰʾʥܺͻҵƵģοһ֮أ
ֻϣ·ŭҪǣ

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ס

ֻʥ˴Цãһʥ񫣡Ĺ񫣡ԴƷʢĽɽѾЩûôˬˣ

죡ǡμǡӣԣޣҪúÿһôдģ

ڳ˲ʥˣһͣ==

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40.  ʮ   &ʵ

ʵ۱ǰȫȻ̬ͬȻڳ֮ϵľ󲿷ֳС, λǳ칬̲ɤӾסһ춼²еӱ̳, ûӦ, ˫ɱӵƣò졣

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ǾԼΣ
˭

ڸʲô

Уǲ۾ˣ
ʥ˾Ȼ𣿣
ʥ˲Ǳа˰ɣ

Ļʵ۱ΪԻСûнܹʲôͳ, ϲȫʸǴûһֱ֮, ڳļȰ˵, λΰĻʵ۱ԼʱľʦΪʦ, ʼϵͳѧϰʱҪѧϰĸĻ֪ʶ

ΪʹˣҲûʲôѧϰ츳ʮ꣬λʵ۱ҲͿʶЩ, öǳԵ£ʲô黭գ, һȤû, ڴǽ, ﵽһ鵹ͷ˯ĵز

ԵǿԼҵı¾ȻڿһۣýζǶʱɵסˣԭõһϯָμǡοԼұµĻȫ˿ա

ɫѿĵҪ֮ǰڳϸ淢μǡλʷˡ
ôҲ벻ͨ, о˴

ϴν¶£˵Щƾ졢ԭľԭеģΪεʱʥ˻ðɡ޲ɱع֮ȴšμǡýζƽкã



ʵʹйء

֪ԼѾڵظΪˡ̫ӵ²豭˲ˮⷢԼ

ʷ˵˵ЩȻûдμǡȷʵбʴۡʾͥ˵ɣʷվĽǶͥĽǶڿ칬Ϸɡμǡµʥհ
˵󵽳пֵܳľ棬̲סЦ
һµĿ˻Լ뵽ɵӽǴ뵽ʥүӽ֮У

С˵Լ뵽Ƕѡ뵽ڻңⲿС˵дûã߲ǸɵľǸܾ

ʷȻǺߣӢʥ˱ضǰߡ

ֻҪڳ֮ϵĴѡԴʥүΪԭģԭһֲؽʥ̫ӵ¾ʥ˻ѡԼַͥȻ칬֮еأǻԼǴӿԵųµʴۣ

Уǿʥ
Ǹڵִ˲֪֪ٸҵʥ

˭ʥү֮ĵһӦǡǸ۷⽨ĸʿ󡱣
ԼôŶһǵ۹Ӹ㣬ûˣ
һĹڿʥĵһӦһǡ

ʥү˧
ʥү
޲ΪɽһֻʥүƷţ

˭軹ǵǸΪڻҳʴۺͥ콫

ټһλʵ۱ҲǲçƷζһ£ûôƣŶڴ¾͸ʮþˡ

̫ӵ˲ŵ˼һһȺԭͨһδ칬ԼҸɿ𣬽û뵽ԼҸȴֱڳΪʥֽкá

͵ʴףǡ

ţµһף



֮

½ľԼһʵ۱һǡμǡһ߻Ⱥһµϳǲס䵱ꡪ

ڻɽһΣ̾ţ

ǻɽɲͺ޵ֵܼһ̰ٵͷԼһ


½ĴӽžۼλʵߵĴǳ鴤ȫ֪һֻӽˮΪԼұµҸиʲôϵ

ʥȫȻֵ֪ʲôָҪѧ֮ԶƯҵɽ˰ʦһΣָվڳǰеĵʦʱľʦЦ

Ҳ޲ԶǧܵſɽƣӲǱް˻ȥſΪ޳ıߣ



½Ѿ֪ʲôԼұˣհʦʥ˰Լľʦʲôͨ𣿣𣿣
ԴҲ벻ͨʲô_(:١)_

ʥȻѾԼֻˡ
ԼֻӵĽжԱȣӲóˡʥ޾̲סԼʺĽۣȻִʥ칬һξ顪

˺޵Ʒʢţ

˵꣬뵽ʲôͻȻ߿

ʢЩٺ͹ʵۿɲͥȺ콫һôֻ֪÷˵֬࣬ȴǰʲô飬ֻ֪ʲô֣ȴ˼Ŀѡ

˵ţ°ֵúãúãӦȺһ֪֪ȺӵѪԣ浱ûǾͻô


½ĴѾ˵ˡ

ˣʥǾԼʥǰͥʥ칬൱Ʒǰ⻹ʲô˵ģ

û˼ҷʷҪ˵Щʲô󶼻ѡ˷

ʥʥġμǡزǷ顣
дµع֮Ҫһˡ

ǿɵÿתӪûȺǼҵϳǿⱾμǡֱʥ˼ô
Ⱥɲʲô飡

ȻûȴǾʹ¸ıԡμǡ̬Ⱥ̨أϣǲƵĻʵ۱ֳ۶ˡ

Ŀʵϳǻº󣬿ʼԼĹţԭģ

ʥ칬ҲǱѹָɽ£ޣʢĳ͢˸췭ظȡ֮

&ޱǺţΪǺӵıС𹿰Ǻӱ˶ʥһֽеöҪ޲

һȺ󳼾㤵Ŀ£ϻʵȻһѡ

ûõıûϵ
ֲ۰û˸յĽûϵ
ⲻǻиô

޾ˣ
Ҫĸţ

ڵĹӣһ˳˴궨ģַϻʵ۵İִ֣õףԸҲȽϼǲ̫ͨʫĵĻʵ۱ҲʶǾһʽ֮Ŷ˲ٵĹ򡭡

ǵı¾Ȼ˵ҪĹţ

͵͵ѸߵɫΪλһᡣ

Ǹʱ£ҪѹŸĳʲôϴ˲ΡΡʵ

öĻʵ۱룬дšμǡ۵

롣͸ĳɣ
Ժ޵Ĺž죡
ԺӾϹ

ڳҪʥŹҵԼͷ𣿣װʲôԼĹƵģ

һȺ˸ҪȰջسأֻˡһ

ιȥ_(:١)_





һ족ڸ̫ڵˣη̫ӣҹձõġ̹١¹¡

֪зˡʵ۱Ϊʥˡ¼ڸ̫ӵ·֮ǰŸҽġ̹١Ĺ£źһΪǸƷûһ㡣

ΪŽµԭ໥֮佻ˣΪһ̫ӵҲǸϲͬ֡λߣںһȺԼ˹ͬ˵²ûκεķС

ִһֱѡƽȡ˼Ժž͸ӲΪ˸̫ӾͽšǷʧһʱ䣬εֺг뵱ķϲ˹еһȡ

ڽ̰ԩٴա¶йıȹ֮Ű¹¾۽棬顢顢飬֮ĸġ

ĸԸΪ˶ŮøǶΪԼǧѰ̹پԸ㹲

֮ǰĹ¸ߵƸУһε¹׬ȡ˲˵ᣬǽ¶ĸΪ˶ӵԼЩֻз˲Żе˺ʱµ϶¶˲̵ı顣

ȵβſижһס˱ͷʹޣ̫Ӷ̲סȴסԼϵᡣ

òסŵĿ͸ˡ

ֲùõܶԹ֮Ƴ磬֮֮£ǳȷʵӦ˶һáΪߣʡſɡ

졢˹¡˲裬̫ӵ¿˿ʱóҲýˣվŵ׼뿪

뿪֮ǰĵĸţȻġμǡⲻζᱻͷţм仹Ҫһʱ䡪

֮ĵȴʲôҪ֪ڹ¡

룬ֱӵպãĳҪ̫ӵ°æ

̫ӴͷһôѺѵĻ׻ˣһʱ£ʵ£

ŵһϣ̫ӵܸĳ׼һ׸ɾ··Դӽ֮ûʮˣоԼҪˡ

̫ӵͷʵڶأ
ڶ£ʥ˶ĳȤ˵£ĳʥһ档

˵һϹҾ

֮ˡ

ŴҪʲôִȫͬģִ˵ҪҵѧУͶʹ˾Ŷ˵Ը㣬ŴҪɵ£ų̂Ǵ粽Уеɼͻᱻۺ챻飬𲽾˵ŰɵԼ֡

ΪĲ֪µ򾿾˭ɵģ
ҲΪһȥˣ

ȻĬгӦҪоԸⱻ˵ʯ
µĸƻʮġнѾˣȻ֮ǣȻƻҪˣ
ڴĵһǡ

ԼҸǿĺ̨

ϻĸ̨Ȼʵ۱˵ĸǿ




41.  ʮһ   ʵ۵Ļ&챨

̫ӵ»ع֪, Լûڳ֮϶ŵʱϵɳʲô춯صĴ顪

̫˵ʴ㽫Ÿĳ죿˼±˲֪ϲμǡ
̫ӵǳ鴤

ܶԼҶǳ鴤Ļʵ۱һǲúܰı鿴Լ̫, ҡͷҲ

ֹǹ, ޻һ˶޵ĳƺʥˡƺ뵽Щʥͣʵá

ǸʾӦҪγƺ
̫ӵ²һֲõԤС

ʵ۱סǹ˷ܺԾԾԣװԼֻһ˵ģȻǽСʥ

Ѿˡμǡ칬ѡ̫ӵ£
ΪҲ֪˽ʱֱӳƺΪʥү𣿣

Ĺš
ĳν
·ʱǶҪҡĴòã
Ȳ˵һŵȷҪٵҲ˵һνҪöٵȥ֪ͨط˵޸ĹҪ̡

ʷϿûصļذһжҪԼٵȥŰ
˵ĹžιȥǷӦһ㶼ŵĺòã

ԼҸһͻ׸һ𾪣
ʱ̫ӵﻹǵȴűͷŵţ
ͬ, ʱĳﻹǵΪʼٸߵġμǡ͡μǡϵĴߣ

˵ˣ
ʲô
бҪĹҪĳνҪ

󣬻Ǳ󳼡̫ӡ˺Ȱ˵, Ϊ˲˲ƲòѡĹź͸ĳνĻʵ۱±ˣԼ˻ûзųġμǡġߡš

Ǹдˡμǡ˵, , ˵ľǸأأڃ̵£ع֮˵Ҫ

ʵ۱°©ȥ˴, Ҫһ

˵˺Щʱڰμǡ˵Ļʵ۱½Ǳ̲ʹ»˶ʮʱѼõĹ»صڰϣ

ҪúдǸʲô
ҪѡμǡĽָӸˣ
ӵʥôӵĽ֣ҷ۷ŭ
ӣ, ޣ޲ܣ
ȥǸع֮޽

һԽֶ߷ķŭź

, һ¡һ¾Ͳѡ̹١¸˵ڵȵԻʵ۱µһֽ, ͷĿ£̫ӵ׼õġӡʽۡ÷˿۾һˮϸϴԼͷֽţٴ˾˵ǽеϵңһ̬ȥʱ쵼, ҲԼĿеѱѡ

ĵһλʵ۱¡



ʵ۱µһμ棬˫ԶԷĵһӡʮֵĻܹ򵽰˷ϵĸ߷֡

ڻʵ۱ѾԼһͷ桢һھ˵ű߶кšʥˣԩĸմӼͨģ׼ˣȴ߽һ塢ģ̫ӻֵĸɸɾˡ

ûһ߲ϲúÿָɾɣʹǻʵҲ⡣

Ŷλʵ۱µӡҲܺãΪλ󣬶˵ĵһ仰ǡ

дμǡˣ
ʥĽ޲⣬Ҫģ

⻰һǡμǡܽĻ_(:١)_
ĸ߻һԼС˵Ķأ
ʹⱾ齲дģּʹ֮ǰһ¡

ЦˣμǡеģΪдⱾ鱻ץģץȥֻһ¾ͷųԱʱֻҪץιؽȥСĳһ¾ͷųֱȥ̻˺

عʵ۱ؼ˿˵ҪĽ֡
̽λҪôģ

˼һʵ۱Ȼһһְμǡ濴ˣǵŵ棬һʦͽȡЩ֣пɽûɽȫһͨȻͿʼʥܵ챻˸սʤֵǿҲ

ʥһֻʴ۶ҪĺӣôĸԸأ
ţǴӣ˼Ǹгɷ𡭡

ֱģʵ۱¶ԡ
͸ĳʥ˾žŰʮһѣһһսսʤ𣬳Ϊ˿๵ʥ

ţզ˵˼ʥתͶ̥˸Ի崴˸˸ʵأ
ûİ⻰˵ڣҪô˵˼ʥ˵Ļôд_(:١)_

ǿˣλʵ۱ȻѾ˸ʥۡʥˡ

Ƕڸġμǡ¡
ЩԥҺܾ
ֱӾܾˡ

Ÿλʵ۱£μǡĲдġ

ʵ۱¶ȽãæʣǺ
Ŵ𣺡һжִд˵ºգۼʧ֪ˡ

ȥ
Ҳգ˼Ҳ뱻ҵ
ҲָģǱдĹҸĲ

ҽλʵ۱ǸΪϧҲܺ˵ĻʵۣʵʵĹŸĳνʱǮͷһŸҪġμǡµȰԭ߸һǸܵ񡪡

˼ұҲ̾˿ԭͻˡ

ԭΪľǸġμǡ£Ȼû취ˣʵ۱±ʾڳѾ϶ˡμǡǷ飬ҲûˣžͰĻؼҰɣкΡμǡĹ£ǵóʵǰʵ۵Ŀ

ûȻʵ۰һֵβ˵꣬ԭͷվһɵšͨһ͹Ǵʯ̳ɵĵϣ

ǡһ£ϣܽ

һµĹ£
͡μǡһ
ɴع֮Խ

ʵ۱¶ʱľˡ

ʹԼֶӺͶӿе֪ع֮µı֮ߣźڲ¥һأ˼ع֮˵Ҫ¡
Ϊһغ~

ʵۼװΪʵϰˬشӦŵһ󣬲ÃΪλų̂˵׼˵ĵߣȻͿĿһľľ

ΪĹ£ΪѪɫ

˵꣬һִܴԴĸΡ

ҲҴ~ȥҲҴ~޲ꡪҲҴ~ҲҴ~һжɿա

һŵûʵѶˡ
ˮѹ䵽ϣִԲ˿̻ʵ۵۾




ѧǵ˱ץˣ
ѧǵֱŻˣ
ѧǵ˻Ǳʳǵǹͻģ

ԴʵȵϢһһɢ˶ǵĽǽ䣬ʱͳΪ˽ͷβܻӭĻ⡣

֪Ǹѧǵϰع֮һǰʳǵץεǸһһԴԼܵסװԼǡСϢ޲˶ģ˵Լ֪顣

˷׷ױʾ֪ʵϢһǰѾڹһˣʱǾع֮ʲôؽȥأϻ˶

˼ӷ²Ӳ֪֪ˣ
ڸղţۿģ˼һǱЩŽ׵үǿͿͻģ

˶ʱ£æô£㵸
ҽ·ѧǵʱ򿴵ģͷĻǸ۾ɾ˵ЦģǷ¶ӣ

զ£զؾͱŻˣ
ӵ˵ץʱ淸¶ʥ˰ɾһʻɾ͸˵һζ顭ⲻ͸Żô

ع֮˵ı˶֪ģǿ˵ʼҵʵǿͶƣһ˵ǿ˵ʥͷˡ

һȺ̾_(:١)_
˿Щ߰߼⡣

ǻһӾŤת˻䵱ع֮˵飬ɾ˵Ѿȥˣܻ˻ǵλ˵ˣһġĴʮģԭԾͱʼķչ

Ѿѹڼ˰µİ׾ϢһԥҪҪī֦ȥǩԼߵĳʢ㱣βŷӦ

ǲ˵ѧû¶ˣ
ֿԺͽǩԼˣ

һʱ䣬Լǰġӡʢ׾汼ȥ
ǽѧǲΪ֪ĳ༭ϰˣʱҪȥϹˣ



һߣڻصҵſԼ޵ϡﻩͽܿЦá

ַͽܵļ磬תĿ뿪Ȼ߽˼šһžͿԺ·ʹǳøٻŮĻƵ==

ĶͽھǴſǻĿߣǽ񱻼ߴͽܣʦǲ֪뿪ûãʦ־ͰѼǼ·óϴһ飬ÿֻҪһܣͰǼֵܵ·óϴǶû·ء

ǳ鴤û뵽ԼҴͽܳ˽֮⻹һһ͸ϰߡϰߡ_(:١)_

ͽܽŵʦ·ҲϴˣװѾϴˡ
ţǵϴٻذ

߶ͽܸװװɰһ¼ǱߣϴСһһֽŵĺ档

ʦڵ⼸죬ѧǵ̫áͽС˵š
Сڴͽܵĺ棬۾׵ģȻ⼸˲ٵί

ŵȻܹ²⵽ڵһѧǵĿԴǩԼߡˡ༭вٵʧ̧ѹѹֹ˴ͽھ͸㱨ݣżͽ¶һɵЦݣ

ûµģʦء
ȥְ֪ͨı༭СҲȥѡɿ/˵˴Ȼ͹ǿᣬѽҪһ¡

˵ɫ֮дŹɳ徢Ͱ΢΢̧°ͣ
˱˾ˣԴ˾ˣ־ûûֻҪǰxiamian ɳˣȥīģǾ˭ˣ

ʲôʦʲôսġסѲ˵Ҫ

ſʵ̵Ҫϳ͢һ𣬰챨ֽ

ֽ
ֽʲô




42.  ʮ   ܱ

ѧǵĹǸɷӺܿ;ۼˡ

ʵ˴, Ҫ֪ͨ_(:١)_

һµʱ䣬ȻΪ˿۾չ˺̫ӵµ̽ӣûʲô, ڲ֪Ľѧ˶, һȴΪ尾

ͽܵʵȻ㣬ûӰ쵽ã޷ȻȻҲֻץס˽ĿǰĺĶ鲻۶ѣĸ, ⣬īΪ׵ͬǻ, С㲡Ҫж׼, ŵĽѧǽǡ

⻼֮, ǸɳԱǻԼڽѧǱϾܵӣ˱ĶҸɵûô˼ڼͽܵȰ˵ûߡ
ЩǿѧǼҴҵͶЩ˵ˡ˿ɾûô뷨ˣһѧǰ;ã, ¼ңýԼĽԼǮ¶ҰǮ, ߵǽиɴ䡣

༭Ż㱨һѡԼǩԼ, ܼҲа, СΪ˲۾ʮ˵֣ʾ⼸˶Ѿ۵ˡ

µġסۼᣬֻϸµһ롭ͽͳƺõݱݸԼʦϳΡ

֮ǰһֱкļ̻ҲҪˡ

իҲʾ

Ϣһһ

ڳ໨ŴɽֻΪһµ¹ʾͽһ, еıʹ֪һȺжºֵͬк޵ҧгݵģҲжԼֻۿŴȥΪе˵ģ᳡һŨŨĳ

еλϣƸԼ˱裬һŲ豭ĲˮһַϣʳָнеûԼصҹĴͷɫƽ

ЦʧٺŲˡһӣϱӵͷԼҰһҹ֮ǧ˿Ⱥѷ˲併ΪֱСƺ

˿һȺʱ򻹻ȺԱʧ˿Ⱥ̱ĽѧǹǸɳԱһû٣ֻȱһ༭Ҳڣʲôɵĵģ
ʱԤڵĺõö˰

ֶǰ㶼ͷԹƻûֵ¸̻ϵǢ̸СǿǶڴýȦÿɱǰȺŴ˶ˣ

ԣʣ͹˾شΣѾۡ˺ĻŶҲԥҪ۵ʱô죿

Чʵķǡý֮ĺ£һµͶʡȷһµ//Ӱ/ӾĿ
ù˾Ա˿ҹ˾عʺǰ;ĸɵӻᱧµĸҪȥһֻһܻļ

ִãڹŴһá

йǸǰԼһµĹ㱨֮ΪͷԣΪѧǵĺʼȺһµĹǸɾӢǡ

ҪĵȻǿ佱ԼȺӡ

ȺһҲɸѡѡģ˻Ǳ༭һѶ˵ˡǩԼѡȦ˲š
ʵ֤Ѫûа׻ڽѧǳŲʱܶԽ벻Ҳܹѹµҵһڵġסòȥᣬ۲۵ʵʩļƻ

һ£Ǵһӯ׶ΣŶûпҪ̻ҲһֱûжϵԷûд㳷桭ԽɽҲȶѧнٹ⣬λαԷƱһЩʧݱĹԭͷ͵öҪȥŵؽ̧ͷ

ǡԭôܸ
ԭô
ûסЩµĻҵǵĶҲ

ʵжľͲ⡣
һŷŵִԸһҹ˾ˣֻ˼ԱܹڵӲһ£Ѿ㹻ˡ
ôţɷһҳȻ׳һذϢ

һΣʥ˺̫ӣŵó͢ǽѧǺһһݱֽ

һãȻȲǱֽǸʲôֻǽѧ볯͢ʥϵһԺǲζʥ˺ͳ͢ǵĺ̨ˣ

ֻ̰׼ңǰѴ˻ʼңȦͳ˸ͷϴЩũԸֺõʳ׼ҲԸˣǽͳ͢Ǹʲôֽ˵˺͹˲һץһôﻹҪʲôīǽǣ

Ψһǡ

ǱֽǸʲô
ʦôʥ˵ģʥ˾Ըһ챨ֽˣ

ЦøĪ⡣




ѪɫĻʵϲҪѻ±˵Ĺ£һҪ֤ܹһʱͷβĿԵؽʥҪĸı໹кܶġ

Ŷһ׼ڵ̫ӵҪʥһһ쿪ʼ޸£¸ĵղܣܹͻҪ⡣

ղһܼ򵥡

ѪɫΪѧ¸¼Ƴ׸ͽԪصĹ£һұٸȺ֮ǰɰʦѧաձѪӭȢ׸۷Ĺ¡

һʵĲʲô
һӰÿľͷʲô
Ȼ

Ѫɫ򳡾࣬߻Ҫڸ·ϵĳɳ߻ŵָ£һֵϷݣŹͬ˽ĴɣΪĴɰһʮſĳĴԽɽ䡣

һУһıһ·ڸһȺؤԽɽ̨֮ϼĴɵš
֤ؤ֡šɳޣĴɵԽɽ䡣
ؤʮ·ֵĽղ񹦡̤Ҷ޺۵Ṧɳ޵İ˴ǽ󣬸ɴԼѧ䣬ÿһҵ书һʫһݻÿһʽưˮϳΪӽǵʱʱĸ̾Χ˵ĽϺá

ãúãһΣʥѶˣɴ۾һסֱĴɵĸʽһȥ˾ʯһӹһŵˢˢ£һ̧šƮڿеҶϾܷɵҡ

ζҪֱ°

ӵо̵ʱûôˬҪӣԣޣҪǱ£ضһ˴ǵоľӪֱ˵˵Դʥͷȣϴ죬ȴܣ졣

ûʥ˵ĸ̾Ϊ˵ˣò׽һµ⾳µҲ侳ˣʱʲôСϷڡϷְҵ

ĴԽɽ־ߵţŵſڹҹʥͨۿ±ΪӣʼĽ֮·

ʲôС˵һζ˸ͬܵģɣֱ

ԭʲô̤뽭ԼĳĺʦţǱѧϰʦָ㣬ѧɺʦһɽҪЩ͵Уʮ֮Լ

ڻԵɺ½ʶؤţѧؤ﹦ҳħַɵ㻯֮żɳŵ飬ΪһԻϲԩң˴ʱѹٰɵĳ˼УΪԼҲΪԼļˣѪ

ˣliaoȴûˣliaoǰմѪĽ߳˳˵ļš

¾ʥҲŵһ̾Ϣ̲ס̾ϢֱĲףҲ˶ǹķɴ̰ٵ

޵꣬Ϊ̰۸ܡŴŸǵͷ˵̰ҪãĻʵ۱¶̰̫ӵһС

һʱѵ̴λվ˵ϣ˫ֺͷűĴʯ

֪⡶Ѫɫɣȷˣȷһλɣٸ⡢ɥʧĸ롣
ʥһӾͱˡ
ֻǽ޽˵ز޸ˣٳϹٹ໤˶ԸΪС¿ﳯйԱλ޴ԩֻ˽дһ£Ͷҽ¡
˵дſǻǱλɾľҲǱԼ֮ܵ֡

ʵ۱ȻǸֱƢôʮĻʵۣҲһ˵Դ½ɽģﻹ벻֮ԻΪμǡʷǸԭ

һ뵽ԼĳоȻй֮棬ʵ˶ըˣ

˭
Ǻ˸˲񣡸ѹӵİգ
ʵ۰۵÷һһͨ죬ȵ֪μǡǷǻˣ

űʾ֪λԱʵȻѾ֪£Ҳ֪µܺǡѪɫߵˣҪͨҵλԱڱѾ׾ٵ

Ǳ£̰ץ̰֮ȴѾվ͵͵֫ʵضλرθڵĻʵ۽

Թ̰ٺֹǧٿƷëǣɴ˿ɼҪͨùԱԾ̰ۣǺѵġ

ˣкпɽޣ

ʵ۱ȻɵЩɵûҲгǧҲӦղŵ˵λ˵Ľ·ֻ·ʵۻûع֮ҲҪģʵ۱侲ʿ

֮Уڱֽ

ֽ

ϸһ±ֽʵۺܿ췢֣νֽʵۡ

ۡǴǰһִϢֽţų͢ĸּ͹ԱǨϢֻڸعԱͳ͢ڳڲС
˵ıֽۡƣȴвͬ

ȣֽĶȺڱȫաһʼǿȰԵ㣬ֻʡֻڶǽУЧþƿͨȫ

Σֽģڳ͢Ĺģֻйصĸ֪ͨ˰յļ⡢Ҫ߰۵ȣʣµĿಿº¡ǰ˶֪͢´ĸ˰ۣعԱͲհյ˰Ҳץˣ͢ڵطͨʵʩ

󣬱ֽ˳͢һ֮⣬涼ܰյͶ塪һĳԱܻ˰̰˰Ǿ㵣Ĺٹ໤ȥ٣Ҳ߼ߣü߰عȥѪɫһ

һֽⶫֱĺö
ʵԽع֮˵ԽĶ

ع֮Ȼڱֽһ׼˵˱ֽĺôֿ֮ʼʾҪһݱֽѡ

ǽѧһֱа־ľ飬סⱾ־ڶжȣ¿Ե˴һֽ־ͬ࣬ǽȻҲܰáԱû⡣

ŹһӡˢǸӡۡˣֽҲӡˢǼû⡣

ڱֽУǿͬ־һӹ棬ʣЩǮάֱתǳɱû⡣

Աɱͳͳû⣬ֻ˵ͷӦˡ

ˣ֪ʥΣ

ʵգգ۾صصͷɣݱֽҪ

ǣʱĵһȫԱֽܱţ׼ˣ




43.  ʮ   ˵&һڱֽ

ѧڳ绹ûȶҪ, ֲ»гȥæ챨飬ҲѧǵĹǸҲã޲Լһ˱ȥ, һȺ޶ܵ, ֪ıæʲô

ʱ򶼿ʼңҺŶΪŽε䵭ˣȻǻü

ֽͱȻȺǰδŵŵ֮󣬱༭Ƕֽʵġס֮ͬ

һҪ, һҪղͬĿŰ棬һһʱҪһ, Ȼʲôͬ, ׼, ༭ȴæ޴ͷ

ʵϰŵ룬ܱ־ס֮仹кܴģ

ȣݵĲͬ

סߵ׹͡ȫ·, ݶһЩԺ֡Ц֮£ܱΪŹٷţݸһ, 漰ǹ, ְ, ҲֻռֽĺСһ֡
ȷסܱ֮͡Ĺϵ൱ִą̂Ƶ_(:١)_

Σһڵͼʱ䲻ͬ

סΪԽԽ㣬༭Ǹ˼, һֻһڣ־νԽԽ񣬵һڡסʮҳһ־ѾʮҳԸᲢˡ

ܱϾǱֽȻܱʵһڣΪ쿪һΣʵЧ㣬Ҳġ
һڱֽŴִֽһֽһۣ棬һһ飬ܹʮҪݣȥһֽĴҪ͢ģʣ°˸Ҳ㹻ı༭ǽʾ֭ˡ

󣬾Ƕۡ

ס־Ϊһ飬իǴӯĿĵģ־۸𿴶òߣҲȳɱҪ߳һС֣һεıֽ

ֽĶǮһݡɫ߽ѧǵˡ

ģеСȽ˳ȻϴŹǳ

ǮҲŰֽȴӡֵֽǮлҪǵ༭ǵĹǮͶ˵ʷѣܼһⱨֽȻ

ԣǮźƶ۸񶨵õͣŻᶼԸҴӦʥ˱ضҪ⡶ܱƹ㵽Ƕ۸ˣɲû˿ô

ִɲôô
ͬȫĵͼȥռгʥһСĿµĺڰ

ΪžĹǸɳԱҲ֪⡶ܱѧԺıȻӦжӾӦжӡֻҪ뵽ǧݱֽû׬˵õǮһı

ż״ҲΨп⣬ǰʾļƻǮֻǿͷһڵ飬֮ݱֽضӯġ

һֽӡˢõǳ͢ӡˢӡˢⶫӡ󣬱ֽӡˢ϶Ҫȡס࣬ʥ˵ڣǮȻҲܽɱȥˡ

ǿסҪڱֽϴ̼ȡѡֽĻԶչһ㡣Ͼǹٷֽٷֽ壬Ǿ͸ִ岥һⲻЩǮʲôʱǮ

ȻŻ˼ҲνٷֽĹͼֵж󣬵ȻϴѾ˵ҪΪˣһȺҲͼææ׼ˣʱһڱֻֽʣ¾һϵʱˣҲûЩеûˡ

ʮ༭˽һѣɴС飬ÿС飬ʼֲѧһλָǰӣûոʱɥüͷÿ˻¶һɸɾͷȡ

һյð취æ˼롪ִ˳ϲҲ

Ϊһžһ겻һҺϸľ͹˾Ӧóֵ⣬ԱǵȦ֮·Ҫĥ̲סʼﻮԱѵ顣

һϣһֱڽѧǵĻ񶨺һλϣȲӿһ˺һڡסͳĻص㻹ҪΪսӴ˴ɽ󣬰ѿֽ۷

ǸǶӦѵģȻڸյ֪Ҫ챨绹æص㣬ȵڶһѧǹʱҶڱֽ鶼ѾԼĿСһºͶʼתͰ࣬ϵֵдĵľȥϵʣµֽддѰ˼һֶͼȻܴСֳ༭ȥæס¸ɸѡ

οѡ

ֽĸݶɵţһԼҵı༭ǶѾˣ׼йرֽһ¡

óͬ͢ǽѧǺ챨ֽ_(:١)_

ǵģȻѾһ˵˵Ĺ쵼˻ʵ۱ͬ£ʵйذ챨ֽĽʱǿһѡ

Ҫ֪͢еȺ󳼿ܹǱ˵ҪŵʱȡսսӲƵ˼ұ󲻵òġ󳼰

챨ֽ£ȥ·ֻҪ쵼˵ͷͬ͹ˣʵٵȥµģһ쵼Ľѧǣһǳд󳼡

ûйӡˢûø顢ûгϺ׿ϣܱбµ֧Ҳ޷ǿ
ʥҲ˸ɴϼһ

ȥ㶨ʹȺͷڳ£ֻҪû˷ּ̾ʥϵļƻ򵥴ֱ

ţܾƻôôףĹ쳣Ĵ

ǲҲû취˼ȥҲûиõİ취ټĶֲҲֻԼؽʾ֭취ȥ˵еĴ󳼡




д࣬ʵͷľͰ˸顢̡Լʷ̨ˡԼոʥ˲ұʥֱӴͷŵϢųضʮ֪ʥʱ˵ʲôɴεҰİݷá

ǻ飬ƹܹǮӵܻʦƹǮӵ˵Ըֵ֧Īڡ

֪ܱǳ͢ҽѧǹֽͬ˽ǳͬ͢ߣԣǹġ

˵ģʵһȫµĺģʽȻִ˾ռߵˣ
ˣ֪
ˣҵλҪҪ˽һ£

ŽѧǵĶλǱĶλǶڵһҵҵλġɳ͢һʽ߳һЩ豸ӡˢɽѧǳ˳˫һ硣

һ׬ǮΪɶĳ͢ͽѧǰԷֵģ


ܱԽеּ⣬쵼Ļй˰ּٶ֪ͨǧ򻧣ˣ˵ĲǵطٸÿһϰգÿһǮȥЧרɼ߸áܱһ;ҪЩʲôҲˡ

鱻˵Ļ̼۾ġ
˰֪ͨÿÿͲ˰ĵطٸ˰ûƲˣÿһع֮˵мһ·沢ֽͨЩֵĹԱҲͲˡ

ÿһǮֺУÿһǮʵʵػڸûĵطЧãⲻһǮӵϣ

㶨˻飬ʾŸ㶨顪Ͼ继ǲӹǮֻ˵ǸһֱõӡˢС׳Ϊ͢ġɡ

һ˫ŴֽϹ˻͹Űȥݷ̲¡

̲/ƹΪΪײ֪СһֱԴ˶ʮĽֻ޷ֻ֪д/̲֪йš

˺һ̲/µϴ˺ϸղŻװģľڸ˺ˡ
Ȼ˵ǵʹϡ

̲ͬǸҪģһ£¸һط̲θ˺ǹҵ˾š
ŴϾִôķֹȷ취ŷֿ̲ʹºְܶȨغϣҲˣڳҲʱʱҪͷطϴһҲ̲סһһ˵ֻ֪һţȴ֪Լ

Ǵ/̲һ㣬αȵ̲/£

ż״̷ֱλ˰ǽѧǵġܱ

ʱΪרṩһ棬ֻȹѡİдã֮ܽӡڱֽϷСаտ˶֪̲/²ǳеư֮

λ˲ǶԩңͷӦŵĶһģһ

ֻ̲ʹ£񲿡ʷ̨ͷˡ

ĸΪսӴպܶ඼ֻ֪⼸ȴ֪ЩžǸʲôģٵĸϣ򣿸˭ϣõյӵ͸м
ԱֽΪΪһջԽѧĽڴ˲ѧԸΪ˳ʫ/ļ//ԴΪڶջ



պ󣬳ٿ

֮ϣʥ˵ǰع֮˵ΪɣһΪֽ͢

ּع֮֮ѧǰ£λΪΣ

˺£顣
顣
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дվλõֱߣع֮гӶ֮£ʥΪרڳϣֽϣһִʣ䵱ܱĵһλߣܱʼ飬¼⽫ɡܱ籨ĵһᡣ

ֹ

æµ˰ı༭ǰõġܱһڲݸ彻ŵŷһֽ¶΢Ц

ݺܺãʵǡ

ü漸༭ʱһͻ

ȡò̫á

˵ţëմմɫīֽһܿƾٵı⻮дϡ

֪һƾٿԿѳپȻ

ڱ༭Ǹı⣺

գܱ׼ۡ




44.  ʮ   ܻ&ͯ

ܱĵ, 컹ûʱ򣬽ѧǵĹǸɳԱԼ𵱽ֽֽıͯǾѾȫλˡ

ѧڵƻͨ༭ڽбֽǰһ, ˿ӡǷд, ֽڸݵĴǷȷû壬ӡˢּǷԼǷд֡ñܻǷܻˡ

ÿһ䶼һżһ£ÿһŶҪݴͷβһ顣
֮ǰۡסʱûйһ̣ͷһؽУҵҵ񻹲̫༭Ѿʱյӡˢӡˢıֽʼæʱˡ

һһ, һһһȺ˧Сһҹ֮䱻Ƶöèۡۡ
ҲԼҺòı༭, ȴǱеġ

ܱϾͬǵ־ס, סдֻ߶ĸĽǴ, ֻҪһд˵־Ķ°һ־ſһ鶺ֶѣɡܱϵϢϢأÿһݡÿһ仰, ϵǽ

ΪյעƤһƤݱ뱣֤ʵž׽ơμǡİѱ

˵ܻ, ʶؾԼʥ˵һ̸

һ̸Ĵ˶֪, ʥҪμǡĸ, žܾȻҪһݱֽʥͬ⡣
ʵм仹вٵϸû͸¶ģ˵ʥ˴ɺ֮, ʥǸͦƽ׽ͦ˵Ļʵۣ͹һһֱõȴκ˽⣬Ǿǡ

ʡµΪΣʥȫ׽ʲôţ_(:١)_

֮ǰҲᵽĲ֪
ΪʥˣƽʱҳƺҲǳƺΪʥˣչŴϰףƽʱʥֱҪֻ֣ûһϻʥ˽ʲô֣ûһеֱʥ˽ʲô
žԼ֪Ǻġ

Ҫ

ִ´ýֹģǰûʶҪԵʱҲˣԴӽһΣʶԼڹŴᣬһСľͻԴģȻжж֪ʥ˵Ҳ»ͷԼ֮ǰдЩ¡ĻᵽָͬĹ

ŵⲻ֪ôľʹʥҪ£û̸Լֵ׽ʲôǿʼ׷£

ӣޣ޵껹ֻǸԻʱʵ֣޵ĵﶼֻǲʶֵũǻԵ޴Ÿĳ֮͢޵ľʦҲĵʦ޽˵Ҫһ֣ͬˡ

Ȼʥ˵ֻǸԻʱִžڹʣɶģʥֻǸԻһҲûʲôһҸ壬Ϊͷ죬ֽнʣ

һ£սϣзŴӾվ󣺡ĳʢԪ˧ʣʣ

ǻֱ̫ҿ_(:١)_
ʦ˵öԣһеƵǱġ

ʥ˽ŵʦʱд˶ʮ֣ѡΪԼ֣ȦʱδĶӣҲ޵̫ҲȦ

޶Լѡܺã̫ӵҲѡܺãֵ֪˶˵ȡܺãֻϧԴȡúûãޱǻˣҲһֱû˽޺̫ӣһѪ

ţԱֲô˷𣿣

뿴Ҳǣųִе֮⣬ʥôʰ

Աµǣʥôһ˵ž͸ڴ֪ʥ˾ϸѡ˵ʦʥˡ

ʥЦøĪ⣬ߵǰմɰīëʣֽд֣Ȼøſ

һֻдšT֣һӦ

ɶ

ԭϻôְ

ʥʣΣ
ŷֱãǲָ֪ôμһ仰ʥ˵֡Ȼͬ죡
ֲû˸ر²ܻµҪܻҲõְ

ʦǵʦ˼ұ»ڴأ˼Ҿ뵽δ˵ıܻ⣬ľǳԶ_(:١)_

Ҳˣһα༭顶ܱǷҪܻʱķѵʱͺ١ֻҪӡˢ᲻дڡͻȻ˿ī͹ˡ

һߣ༭ϵؼÿһֽһߣҲڽѵżڶǴСֽıͯǡ

ǵģ֪ӾﾭȺִֽ߽Сͯ

һܱŲիǼƻ⿪һֽ

һիӰٷֽô߼Ķ̫ʣ

һνѧΪԵֳ˳ţիϰΪ꼰㵱ͽǽƳĻ־ŵȥӰ쵽ǵʾͽҲԼȻҲ֮飬ŻǾЩ

իƹҲǶĽˣûٹסȵʱкܶժҵԸӡˢϼܣҲΪիĺûдӦȴիֻܹȴ޷ѡ
ҲͨһΡܱիϰ塪

Ϊѧ뿪ǼիЩ־ȥˣϵֲֻǽѧǲģûǽѧȥģ

ͯǰ˸ʾģҪڰ굽ʮ֮䣨͵ĺͯȽƤֲܸɻͣٷܹʮӡ
ŰչṩĶǲͼÿӰ˽ֽĵصͷΧȷÿ϶ͯǵĽǽ䶼ܼͯӰȻʮӽϸµѵ

ȻͬڵӾЩ䵱ıͯŶʮԼҵıͯѵʵǰԼִĵġ

ΪһȣҪĳȥܹڽȣȻŴûȣԼҵĲƷֽΣĶĹ˿ѯʵʱҪÿ²˵

ĹҴ£չ֮£Ȥζ֮

սףһζԼҶʮͯǿ

ܱŵͱ༭ǵɷ¼Ϊḻд֮չ֮֮Ȥ֮˵סˣĸ㣬ҲڱֽҵԼȤĻ⣬ֻҪĵǣޣǱͯŬûȥĶ

Ȼôή͹˿ͺøжȣǲƳġ

һŶڱͯǵҪǡ

˵ĵطվ

îʱ鱨ֽı༭ɸѡӡˢвֽûıֳֽɼ˸۵ıͯǡ
ͯԼǰĴװһһźڱ༭Ĺ֮˳Լǰźõĵطȥˡ

⣡׼̰ܻ߰ƣܱİ棡ֻҪǮ
⣡

ܰѱֽȥ𣿡

ͯǵĽкԶ֪ΡܱҪԲұְ˸縱ࡱͷĴͽ܅һΰʦֵǵ·ϴһ֮վԼʦ̲סʵ

Ȼ
ҿ˶׼ġ
ſűͯȥӰĪ




45.  ʮ   ڷ&⵳&ղء

ʷ˿̵ܱ꣡

, ϳõʷ̨࣬ڲ첻𴲵ҹ֮ǰʹýضҪ˯
ȴ룬ղŴ, ʼһСߺͯĺŮٸOO@@һ, ðԼΪʲôҪΪ̰ʹô

ڴطû˯ţֻ𴲡ش·Ȼؾܾ˼㣬ˤŶ

ĳҪļΣ

һֵĴϴʱΧ£ȺˣоġҲǸȺмվŵһؿڶĺͯǺͯһӡֵֽ, ʷȻʮ۾ɺܼ⣨Զۣ, ֻ۾ͿǺͯǵֽдôġܱĸ, ˢһ¾ͺˣ

ǽѧǣҧгݡ

ŵִȥĻ, ʷڽѧǵġڷۡ

ûôȽһһֻǸСġֹ˾ѾӵԼĺڷˣ

λʷԽѧǵĺڻҪӡССǲ˵

ʷ֪ѧǣ˵, ҲƽȤþǻΪЩһֱŬͶԻ滭ԵȰ, Ȼ;·Ѿֹʷһ׶, ڻ滭ȴԽԽ, Ҫһʦչơ

Ȱ滭ȻҲעӻԾĻǣΪ˼ЩңҲΪԼΪ滭ʦܴø, ÿһлڼٿͻᣬ滭ʿĴ

һǰǡ꡶סⱾ־ʼع֮ĴͽԳɵССʷһԼͻϣһҵ俴ֱɲŻֱӡĻ

һ˲䣡ʷԽѧǵĺøжȾʹ㽵Ϊ˸ʮ

ʼԼĴͻϴŵǻϾȻڰʲôССʲô˵ţøжȼʮ

˵ǽѧիһ䣬ľͿдͶȥѧǵʲô־ᶨȡҲɣʷˣԼʥ˵Ĳɺѧףд˽µĽ鸳ڶڡסСССأĽ鱻ˣøжȼʮ

ٺССڡסһˣǸѧ־ȻһʲôССб־˵Գǡһˡ滭̩ˣʱʮССؼ˺øжȷʮ

ԴԺʷΪ˽ѧǵĺڷۡ

ǽѧǳĻͳͳҪһȻ̣дĻչʾ˿
ס¿ضһһֿȻдʮƪƪĳͶݵ˿ʾ⡶סжٶٵĴ
˽ѧ˵˵ľ¥ضȥһٷҴָ̨˵˹©

Եʷʥ״ع֮μǡıԻɵʱʷġ֪μǡûдɻû⣡

Ҳˣʥ˱ʾҪѧǺһСܱıֽʱҲԵģ

ĸƫƫҽѧǣ
Ȼֽ֪ȷкôֽ֧ѧǳıֽ
ҪϹڳ֮ľͱԼ֧̬ȣλкһֱӲӣʷʾһҪʥԣ

һһǽѧǵˡ

ʷ˸ѡյ뱨ͯԶǸطȥ

Ŀŵķʥ˺ͳ͢ĶҪȥʲôܱ
ʷҲֽģ




һΧһȺ˵ĵطʵһ̯

ϲ̫֧˸ƣΧϺЩκӣʷ߹ȥ˸λ£Լ֮ǰΪ̫û㣬ɴһһ߳ԡһ߿ȺΪʲô£ڴ˴

ȿʳΧеǸú˵ˣʷס

Ŷԭڵ˵ϽС£

˵˵顱ѾǶһ˾ռߵˣʲôʱʷҲֵ֪ʱ˵һСιѾΪ˶ˣμӿƾٵĶµİˡ

õĵȻǸдˡĻֵĽѧǣ

ߣСƭƭȺ֪ˣ
ǾԲΪȥ¥Ⱥ˵˽µģ

ʷš

ʱ䶼̯ϵ˵˲ʱ˵ƪ빵Ĺ£һֻѡ˼Ƭλ߸ɴֵིСЦͽˡ
̯ϣλ˵Ҳһ˵˼顱

֮󶼹Цʷ˳ͣ˸ۡ

ߣǱģȫǼٵģЦ˶֪Ц

Ȼ˵ȴûĶ䣬ڽС֮ͻȻӻͳһʷرĶʷ̫õԤЦŵ

Żжʱ䣬ĳ͸λһ⡶ܱϵıɣⱨֽĳղʱСͯģֻҪǮĳ۱⣬ûͦ˼ġ

ʲôֻҪǮ
Ǯô֣
ôˣҲǮȥһݻȥС


ʷƲƲ죬ԾְȥֶֽΡ
λ˵˷·ûΧ˵̸Ƶģֽʼұİ˳򰤸˱ֽôӡı⡪

Ҫԭʥ˺ͳ͢ڹЩ£
˰մģطٶȼ˰
֪һƾٿԿѳپȻ


һȫͣ˵Щ⣬ʷոȾЩڳȴ̲סҪ֪ܱҪдЩ˵飬ֻ᲻ᵽ֣ϾڳҲзԣѧǻ᲻Ϊ֮ǰͽдü

ûʷѵ¶ϣ˵˽ļע⡪

۽̰۰ĳչԱ˱̰ܻߣ

ʷЩ࣬һγϣˡܱ⣬ľʷ̰ܻ߰ˣ
ʷͬţƽΪڼ볯дĹԱ˽ƣһ˭˳۵ǳѵõĺˣȫ˽̰ܻߵģʷһֱܺ¾ͨʲôǷĳ˱Ƥ氹꣬ôҪİӣλ˵һ֮һɣ

ʷţλʳҲţ˵ڶ⡪

ȷ̸ʦǵʦʥ˱ˣ
ʷ

ʮȫ꣬ʳ̾ը˹ʷҲףһۿ

⸳˰ˣûѧӡ
ٳˣĸ٣СλˣĳҪչذݶλ˵ĴβμӿƾٵĿ
ʥ˾ηⷽʷǸ̰ٵģ˭ģǼлˮʷ
ס
˭

ݣߴűֽ˵˿Щ֪Ĵ𰸸ȴλ˵Ŀ֮¡ѱֽ¸òػˣ

أˣ

ֿߵĿ£˺ƤЦŵ

ʱˣҲҪȥ¥׼ˣиǣиǣ

˵꣬ȻԶȥ
ͽλʳ͡

㿴ңҿ㣬һʱ˵ʱֻԶһСͯ

⣡׼̰ܻ߰ƣܱİ棡ֻҪǮ

ˣ
˷׷վתСͯڵĵطȥĳһݡܱ

ĳһݣ
ĳҲҪһݣ
ǰİĳһݣĳǮ㣡


ʷӲת޵ҧгݡ

Ľѧǣ
ع֮
ġܱ

ĳĳҲҪһݣ
ųǮ




46.  ʮ   ˮ

ܱĳ־ǸƽˮϹһһ, һصˮˮг˯Ϻʯȫð˳

Ϊѽ޵Եʣ޷񵱳ס㳴һĲʽӪáס־ڰķ, ˼ֲο˲ִý, һΡܱصһѡȺǰϡ

дЩıҲãһͳŵֽıͯҲãǳ緹ǰ㲢ҽһ鱨ֽƨ˵˵Ҳãеһ׼ڡĶʵǶǵһ𴲵Ⱥˡ

ˣⲻֻܱ֤Ⱥ˻ֽҲԸܱأʢվŵ, һŶ˿뽲ܱۡõֲԣһ̲סͿƲסԼ֪ʵ

ʢǴӽڵأǻʵ۵漮ǸϿĿƾٿ, һѾǸϿˡ

Ϊסӡؿһڶľҵסʶ־ͬϵѡٻ˺ܶǮ, ʹô˶ԳⱾ־ĽѧǺøŨ

ʹűץΡѧֳŵʱ, λѧҲһֱŽع֮ĶԽĺøжȣĻаʹʼ˵űͷŵĵܵѧѡΪһǩԼߣ˵ʱڳнǸǵĺøж, ־༭׾Ƽ£űгʢСӡ

ֻҪƾûУΡܱ棩ķ縺ˡ

һĻнǩԼط, ־༭ǾѡڳŷڼͬʹԹԡͬʱڹ´Ҳûʲô츳_(:١)_ҶθϿûܸеһ, һܹѡѧ, ֱط

ڰѱͯǶɳȥְֽ˾񾭸߶ȽŵʱŽ뱨ı༭ǶȥϢ֮󣬱ЩӰ˵ľű˽ʼԽշ۵ġܱΪ, ˵һΡ

ǺڷʡҲڻش˷ʵˣ͵ؿ˳ʢһۣʼշʽʣ

ǾãһΡܱҪģҲܹ๺ֽʲô
дЩű𣿡Դ

ǡҡͷϡ

ȻЩȡʮ֮ȫܹЩİΪһԼɻǮ

ĺҲױ㣬ֻҪһ˱ֽ˵ںʱɵһ仰ش㹻ˡ

ֱִڵ/Ƶ/ӻ
ŷּ͵ı棬ĵһ䣺һ仰XXXXʡӿ/Ƶ/ӵʱ䣬л

ĴرĴʽıȡǮֽһֽİղô࣬·һҲܿüξͺˡ

ԣЩʵֻΪһڶİնѣУҪĵڶǣתںɫľİֽëŤŤд֣תԼѧ

Ҫ̵ʱڣǳΪˮ

ˮʣŴȦûУִȦȴʮֳ
ȷִһȺѧûǮԵɺϿĳһӾ磬ȻⲿӾϣȺѧԷس䵱ⲿӾġˮԼȦ΢˺ϷΧƼⲿ硪

ʱȺѧܹΪⲿӾġˮ

ҪģõһΪƵˡܱİڿ걨ֽһ̣˲ΪܱġˮڶڶİƼԼġܱȻڶֻİƼݱֽ

һһİΧƼʱ䣬ֹ֮һڡܱۣ㹻öǰһݡܱˣ

𣿡

ȫµĸȫµģʽȻ𺳵طֽࡰԤְۡȨֽĶеİ취̫ĲȷԺͲɿԣ˾̫壬ֻҪһĲ޷ɹɡ

Щ˿˱ֽ֮ĻƼǵıֽ𣿡
֮ѵ˵𣿡
һǿûкأ


һһⱻܵѧ˳ÿһ϶ŵǺͲ⡣
̧̧֣ѹѹ˵

Ȼɹӣֹһ

ִÿһӾÿһӰÿһն㹻ǮȥģҲӾ/Ӱ/գһʼĬĬšʽ򣬵ǿſڱšˮǡȦ΢ֻ΢ɢΪš

ҪƻٷְٵĳɹʵֻҪһ¾ͿˣǾǡ

ñֽ㹻㡣

㵽һ仰ȫˣѾ֪ȴ޷شĶ߾ͻźݱֽԼ
㵽˺޲ýϢɢ˶֪˷ܵĶ߾ͻߵ˶ֽ
㵽

޷֤֮ġܱһ㣬ȷţһġܱȫõ




ܱ˹עľҰǸΪ۽̰۰ĳչԱ˱̰ܻߡıˡ

Ͼǽĵһ̰۰
ⰸӻʣŷûãԵĶǰ缢ƿʣ

ʷΪҧҧĽѧǳƷġܱġ

ڴĶƪĶҪ֪Īڡ̰˭̰̰˶Ǯ͡ô̰ٵġ⣬Ŀ÷ʷץߵʷľֻǵѡ

ԡ

ĳֻҰƪ£ֻҪϷҪ֪Ǹ𰸣Ϸ̻ؼҰʲӵıֽˣ

ʵʷΪڷ۵ıʣϣֱӰĴ𰸶ҳˡ˳ҶҪֽģܱϾʥֵ֧ıֽԾûҲû£ԼôǸڷ۵ıԣǾȿһ򱨵Ͱֽżˡ

ĳΪ͢ԱҲ֪

ʷǷԼò״ӱͯĶıֽѰҰ󣬵ͷؿһӾͱݱֽճסˡ

ҰϸΪ͢ʷķչԱץʱ䡣ص㡣ݺ̰۵ĽǮʷûдݱֽǰһֱΪʥͨڶ΢˽ûĳطԱ֪ʷ̰۵ģɡܱĴȫˣһѵĹ¡һɵĹ¡

ʵʷôģźʥ֪Ϊ챨ֽѡһ۾ݡ

ΪϴˢԼԩҲΪֽ߱Ŀ㣬Ϊ˸ʥˢһ񡱵裬ŽԼץεȫԭ򶼹̵λʷͷϣȥʥ˿챨ֽһγƪ빣¾ͱ

һգһλѧӴһдõĹ¸Ͷ˽ѧǡģ

ǡһսѧǵϰع֮ڴˣλѧϴűߺʹı飬º棬¿ｲһ̰ȺɣôþУʱбʵԩǼӹģʵı༭Žжģ

һѯʣλѧӾʵ棬Ȼع֮ϣȷʵǸʵ£λ̰ҲȷˣǳйԱѧӲԼĺѼ̰ȴ޴٣дͶ壬ع֪֮ΪλѧӵʾԸ⿯ӡΪִ󣬴ﵽͥģ

ɲ룬ûȹ¿ӡλ̰ȴС˸֪ܵ£Ϊǿǰʥǰع֮һ״ʲôûдع֮Ǿģ

˺ʥ˲²ԣع֮ʻع֮Ϊ˵ˣʥ˽̰ٵĹ£ڵرʾȷȷ£ʥΪͰˣ

ǣʥ˽ʷڳ֮ϵͥȥٷΡմնĽ֡

ãˬ죡

ʷҰĹ£ݱֽʱͰ֡

ʷƽҪǼٹٺͽʥˣĪһԸɵľ̰١

ܱȫʷĿζɲϧյʥˣɵʿӣǸع֮˳ԩѩ̰ٱץĽ֣ʲôĵأ

ʥʥǷʷ̲ס̾

ʥãԸ⾲ع֮ԩĹ£ѧͬѩ޵Ľ֣ǡҽʷߣһλʶ곤ʿҲһ粢ţһ̾

ǣǽı£򱨵ĶҲʼ廰

ô˶£ʷ̸ҲˣǿһʥˣȻ˲ٽɱµʽһ̰жôĺ񺦳͢˵ýζ

һȺȫܹ˼˾ۼһͬһ飬ÿ˳ԣ໥ʶȴϧ
⻹뿪Ժ֮ͬͷһپĳ棬ָоʷղܡ

ʷڻζղǶδȺڱʵ̸ߣλ곤ʿͻȻ䷭һ棬̾˿
ʥôֻطĸ˰طȷʵףԽɽҲѰΪβԽɽĸ˰أ

ʷʶ곤ʿӿǸ棬̲סֺλʿӴ˻ȻֺΧֽͬһ˻˾͵ЩӦü⸳˰һִࡪ

֣ô簡ʷߣӺλ곤ʿӺúһʱͻȻڱתһͬɡ

֣ʷܵȻָǲԶıͯ˵ȥݱֽⱨֽÿؾͲ˵ˣ

Ȼת˻ȥһİߣԽɽ곤ʿһһݱָֽеһһֱ

ⱨֽдˣ֮Լطĸ˰ΪԽɽҲ
ȷƨֽϻд˱⼸أ͢ۺؾġ
˵öԣȷʵˣʱմҴ˱ֽ˵Ҳ˽



ȵѡܱϵÿһÿһ¶ó̸һ֮ʷذѱֽСۺá˳ͳԼеǮʱͯʮݱֽؼңԤŸ֡СһȥǺúÿȻ˽Ӳ

˵õĿҰͰѱֽؼҸأ
˵õıضҪֹȥֽأ

ڸ

ʷͷԼһıֽʱѿ

Լ˶
Ͷ߲룬ضع֮



˵νֽݱļֵǸҪģ
ֻҪ㹻ˣǾͿԵȵʵˣ

վѧӵǰָŰֽϡˮƶ




47.  ʮ   ҵЩ꡷&ֽ

, ܱһƳϲݱֽ࣬ԷΪݱֽ˾Ӹʤ

һ, ܱӦҪ־ס, ҾúʡԡĽٷٸĽڴҶˡһĹ̲ܹڶվȽŸ
Ϊֽ۸ˣΪŲõġˮƻŲӡ˵һڣŲ̶ʱ䣬ǵİѾԱֽӦˣ

ֲϳ򿴵һֱŴߵѧϰýһѧԼεͽһһ㶵ġ

ǲ֪һʽ
ѵѾѣ˵˾, ԣƼĶܹ̽ɵĺö

ӵĿ͹߼, ʽһ׵۾ݶû, Ǹվסŵ۵, Ĵ۽ǶȺʵǶ


ԼԵԽԽչͽǮſ𻨸⣬ͷš

ʵҲȷʵˡ

һڡܱݾŵϸѹغɸѡÿһűŵ֮ǰڵִǶǿԷַ΢ѵȵ㻰ģȻʱ޷, Ϊͷβ̸۵Ľ㻰һⶼûС

ܱĶǵһİպܿͱֽЩʷ׳ʵݸסˣ׷׳Ϊˡܱġˮ

˵־סʺʱʱ俴ĻܱرʺһȺΧһ, һ߿һ۲˵˵ԼĿ

ԲοִѼӵ˶һȺ
ǲǷȺ, ÿֻҪص, ȺͻַǷ˭ԼĿеˣԼûзԣǲҲ͵͵

˵ıڹǲģŴĶǰһ˴һ̸ֽͬͬһͬҲһǳַǳһ¡

еϣи, Լ˼ҲĶƼԼѣһȺϤѹֱֽͬ̽ϵţһŴġȺѽȺִ֮˺顱Ϸ롣

ȵһڡܱĵ죬Ҳǵڶڡܱ֮ǰһڱֽѾʮݣùӡˢӡΣȡסҪ߳һأ

Ϊһڱֽдˡع֮˵ɽɡʥ顱Ĺ¡ڲɷרΪʦеʦʥ֮ľ꣬ʹ񷻼ʥ˵İͶԳǵĹע˵Ǵﵽһǰδеĸ߶ȣó͢¶ڡܱԼݱֽع֮ͽѧǸ⣬ǵúһȷѡ

͢¶ڴݱֽܹĹ飬Աǻ£ϣԳΪһڱֽͷ͢ĹЧҲ˼ӿһԭֻŻᷢԵĳ֮ϣҲʼͼԱ

ʥĴã㣬ǳ͢һӣѧǱעʡðڵĽѧǳ˸ҵλˣ

ȵڶڡܱͯõС֮󣬲ֹǳ͢ԱΪݱֽ˱仯ǶΪ﷢˸ı䡣

ȷ仯ľǶǵĲ¥̯ЩųȻҲˡ

ǰûרҸʱȲϰߵģһ̯λϳϹϹĶ飬ȥ¥˹ݳԷ˵飬Ϲϻ߻ؼҳԻ¹ӡ

Դӱֺֽ󣬶ǵİտʼϰڿʱʹһһ𿴱ֽˣеҪһܹɺܶ˵ֲĵط̯Ͳ¥˵

ֻҪһ裬ܹظ̸ۣ˵˻ٵһ̵ģΧö˵ˣطһˣֱٺòˣ

ҵͷԵĲ¥Ͳ̯ϰ̾ҵ˽ѧǣǮ˸˵רĲ̯ţҲҪ˵ôĹ£һıֽ

Ҫľ˶ʱһţ
ȻڲǳóʧȥƵʱԲ

һǮصصѧ˸õ˵˼ֻΪ˼ȥֽ

ԭΪһڲ˵鲢ưԶвݵ˵ңڱһűֽʱǽӲݡ

ϷǽµģϷѧС
ִңѡȥ˵Ǯͷ

ԺȻģڶΪܱıľǽѧǱˡ

ΪܱǽѧǳƷ¥ϰȻΪҽѧǵҲһסŵʶӽ͢˼ġ
ǣѧ˲֮ǰΪű¥˵˵Ǿ׷ҵµĹһγΪ׷ġ

˲ѧǵҲһܵˡܱĺô˵ǳɹֽľ_(:١)_

ܱĳ˵ߣҰ۵Ķ˱ֽ棬ϱֽ͸¶йٺͳ͢Կƾٵ֪ͨǲμӿƾٵĿҲ׷׾Ҫʱţտʱţ֡

ڵڶڡܱĽǡײīľ־ʱ˶æȥһڵġܱܵ¥һ𿴱ֽֽ۳͢ߣ²ֵܳ⡭˭ô˼־

ҶڿԼϢϢصġ͵ط̨ġXX˵¡أһȥġĴӪ

ĴӪʲôʱóŹȥ˿ɾ͹ȥˣ

Ȼģī־¿ֻʣ˼ǧᡣ
ͬ͵־ȻҲˡ
Ψѧǵġסһɧ

Ϊֽ֪ݣסݰֱǰڵġܱ

ֽд˳͢ѡе٣סľ¿ݾһȷ̸֮ٵΪ֮·ϸλٵ;͸˵Ȥá

Щþ͸ְġ³ԼһڿЩм͸¶Ķǿ㰡ǣ

֮ǰҲ˵ˣƾٵʡûпԴٵģʲôľǿٵĳˣ

һ죬Ϊ֣ĿǼǸع٣ܵ˺֣ΪһԱҪô
ٱϽ죬ΪǸԻԲǸʳңܵľǼԵѹǵʵľΪһԱ͢ȥ֣⵽һʳû˸ô죿
ϽΪǴӱ߾ģһ´⣡

ô죿
֪ô죿

еĿˮ磬ںûкòã

ڲһˣˡסṩٽϡܱЩʱţʱ;öʡԵ׼˷

ٱ硶ܱһλʦʦʥ֮־ü򵥵ּ̲סԲס˳Ƴµع£λʦΪԭ͵Ĺ£

ֶʤ

Ҫ˵ˡ

˼īΪ־ǳ˼Ҹɴ಻ˣ
ǽѧǳ༭ǣŵָ£ֱȺΪٲ·ŶûԱǣЩԱд飡

֪Ҫҵд˵ãҵȿд£

ЩԱ漮ʡƾٿԸ֮ڶΪ٣Ʒֲó͢ṩסֻ֮ԼǮⷿӣ׾ݡǰΪѧֻǸӣ볯ΪٵȻ۲ǱʸѣΪԼȴֻӶ

һֱ񣬡ܱճѧΪ볯͢λһӾ͸ˣдҲ׷ױʾԸѧǺٶܹסĲɷãǴӦѧǵĳ繩塭ӦҲûɣ

ЦҪλдϣλдһдԼƾٵ顣
ƾ٣ĹԱ໥ӡ

ż˵ɴһж˵ǿƾ٣ǽһģר¼λйؿƾٻ¡
μӿƾٵĿˣ볯Ϊٵȴޣ̫˺ľ˼ҲƲǵһΡ
ⱾĿģʵΪ˰Щѧӣϣλ˿泩ԣһƾٿǰжţһ˶λ񣬵һվԵģ˳Укΰݻ٣ʥ˲μӵĵԡ

˵ˣҪľһɹѧ飬һĴӪ鼦
һôԲ鼦أ

Ȿĵ֣ҲΪλˣͽС

ҵЩ꡷֪λΣ

Ǿڿƾǰ󣬵ڡܱͬʱҵЩ꡷Ҳ˶ǸիΪ˸ıضĿжӦӡ

вѧڶⱾид鷺ĵĺд˺üӵĸ۰Ͱ͵͵˽ѧǵսŵöˣǵ˲ĿҲⱾȶױ֮СС

˼идֻͳ͢ԱϹϵҾͲö֪ˡ



ߣѧǿšܱͬǼҵöҪ޴ˣƵ˼ҹеڣǱߣҵ桤޵ݵͬҲʼСеĵſƾݹȥȿƾٿԽǰһ־ҲеѡӭѶϣƽѧǵĳɹ֮·

Ȼ·īôҽѧҲضܰīǿ

īϰ°˵ԭѾֻſ˶ѵعֻ֮˵ʱˤһײߣѾãع֮һʣµȺͽһĶûɣֻҪʩСƷɢˣܹ̽ȡһѧУ

ع֮Ƿʷ˵ʱͿʼﻮﻮһ£˭϶Ȼûɣûɣ˼ҾȻĳһֽͬһѹȥĽѧ¸̻ˣ

˵¶ˣ

侲ˣʹƹ֪˽ѧǷֽī󼷶ҵҪȥϢ

˼ܰ챨ֽҲܰ죡ǮͷˣʲôܰģͰһݡīܱȻҲǵ־ͻˣ

īҲһֱûʲôԼĴ⣬ֻ֪һζĳϮˣò˵ֵµִǿǰһյ°ͻ˵Ҫ챨ֽһյ裬ƹѾԭȵĻ־Ⱥѡ˺ʵѡʼ˽ѧǵǷݡܱҪҪôźá

ⲻ֪һһȺ˾;Ѱˡ

ܱǡסǲһЦ෴µϢ

ǿסΪ׷ع£Ϊ˴ҵµĳЩñ࣬ī־Ҳܰɫǿܱ˵׾Ϊ˿⼸յĹҴ¡£

µǻ˱һ࣬ɳдҪΰ죿
˼ҡܱǵõʥɣǳ֮һģǿûı£ܰѹϵͨȥ

˵Щ˼ҽѧб³ԹļСȥɷóȥԱд飬ֻͷǸΪǵ־дд̫Ŀŵֲɡ

˼ȥһ֮ýѧ̨Щֻһѧóɣ
Ǵҽʾ֭մ££˲١š˷ݱֽȻڱôִֵëд

𾪣پһƷȻ£ʵСʱŹţ
˾͸ѧϰʮʮ˷ʮ˷С˿˼ʣʵ˸ӵС檡
һ̰۰ƣ˵һ仰˳ޣʵ˵˾䡰ġ

°Ϳʮ⣬ָ˵ֽϵı⣬һţıҿ˶ҪһݣҾͲıֽȥ

һԵƹѵǶңǡܱǮⱨֽҪۣҪİ

°˼ҽѧôһǱ֤׬Ǯ۾͸һҾͲ׬Ǯ

ڶգīܱؽֽΧۣܱ˽

˳Ĭһԣ˱ãΪֽ
Χ˵ͷơȻҲ

Դˣ˽ԡֽƴ˱





48.  ʮ   ̹&С

īܱΪˡֽ, ³˵³ˡܱд֮һţ˵ǴţǵİûĻм˵Ϊֽıֽ, ݱֽԼϣĵ̬һٳ֪

ǴԼͽ֪Ϣġ

СǸǳ, ֵµ˲ǩԼ˱īߣ֮ŽΣ˼ϰִҡޣ¿ɰСòᣬʹΪʦһֱοϣҪ̫С, СɰīԼ·ϵķɴһţ

ԼʹѧڲѾæͽɶī󱣳žԵĹע, ڵӽϵ֪Ϣܹһʱ, ǹֻĵС顭Ҳ̲סīֻһ

ãǸ°һ쵽ǵĶСЦóַɡ
ãǸ°һ쵽ŴС溦СֻһŸһЦ

űصѾȥ˿, µʱ䣬иʿĸ·СϢ֧֣ԼᱻץЩŪȫĹϡ

ķ̫ӵĻʱѾͻ̺֮Ʒλߵ̫ӵ˵ˣΨһ, ʱ̫ӵΪӸλˣԼ뵽Ҳûģǡ

˭ѡμǡд˻˷ʷ
˭ѡѪɫСϢʷģ

Ҫ֪ԴǴ󳹴֮, žһֱʶؿƺ͡ѩءǱӦóʱġμǡ, ԭĵ׸Ҳ֮һ档ϸͲСμǡĻ, ֻѩھ¥һ£ҪõһĻ͵ġμǡֻпˡ

ҪôǴǰѩӵһν¿ʼһֱھ¥ֽͱһֲؿдë֣¶¼, õرꣻ

Ҫô˱лӴдǱ桶μǡøֶν͵˳е

֮УǰҪ̫٣Ҫ֤Լÿһܵ¼Ҳ˷֣Ȼɹ̫ͣߵĳɹܸߣֻҪлѧǡ

ôһ룬뵽ī˲ǽѧǵǩԼ˵ˣǩԼ˵ȷʵڵʱлӴμǡ顢Ŵ桶Ѫɫ¾˭˷ʷ

۲Ǻ𣿣

ŴܱıҲҪīڵͬһ뷨

ΪӵĶǶܳȥ
ܳȥǳ
ǳǾʲô

ΪֻҪܰѱֽ˶ϲ
бͷ⣬ûֻбŲġ⵳ѡ

ûСܱǰīܱҲı⻹ܴһƬ졭Ͼ˼ʹֽ֪ݺͱⲻҲҪ֪𰸣͸ִ֪ǸʮŸǹʱϢȴȻᱧŽ㿪Ǹҳһ_(:١)_

˭һзڹŴ˭öǵİɥڡ⵳īܱ֮ǰѾˡܱݷḻʵġٱ⵳

ǵİȻΪֲܱǱֽӦеĲīһƭһָϵƭӣ

ִĻ⵳Ҫ·˺򣬷ŵŴ潻ҪϵĵطǾ͸˵ˣ

ʱС˵˸Ϣ˵ǰȺī־Ӻ˵ܵīǰձֽȥˣ

Żͷһ˵£һ

̲ס뵽Լܱдĸֿŵı⣬ȻЩĺôǻʼһǼҵıֽһֱֱȡ磬һŵ޷ߵҪˣ᲻Ҳӱأ

һʱ䣬ҲϾȥīˣһ˼ҪôܰԼҵıֽøȡ

û뵽ЩСΪīеˣԼ뵽īϰϣһز²Ǹ°ıס

ʦǼ°ͣô
ڿǱƸ˵飬ĲɵûжţҲûа챨飬ǮıֽǿҪҾͰѱˡ



ǾԲصģ

һߣͬյõƹϢ͹رձīϰ°նľܾ

Ȼ涼ǵıֽֽ˲ͦ𣿡Լұֽֽһ£°Ȼвͬļ⡣
ǸˣٺöҲٲдƷ̳ôõ֪һױòòҪֻҪ˶˾Ǯ׬ˣ

˼ƹĺܳʵرʾ治_(:١)_

īƹһƣ⼸˲ǱĶǵȻԽ׬Խ࣬ǵıֽۺܱ͡һֽǮǸ

öֻпöİңٲر磬ⱨֽÿվҪµģͷҪӡˢǮǮҪǮİ

°ŭˣع֮ô׬Ǯģ

ǿñǸ𣿣
ȻܳŵסҾܳŵסֻҪȥˣʱ򶼳ֻһбֽ۸񻹲Ƕ

īƹȻ֪еԵʣԼҶ˼ֻ֣ա

īӲͷƤͰѵڶڱֽʱ򣬼°ͺƹҲڴӵڵġܱ֪˶Էǿʲô׬Ǯˡ

Ϊڵڡܱһϣع֮Ŀŵ֮һİдһ̹桱רдǿģдˣ̹ҵľԸ⸶Ǯڱֽĸ󡰹λ ̼ҡ

ÿһλСռݱֽλòͬ۸Ҳͬع֮һΪʱ޶۵Щλļ۸ǿĿࡪ

ʮһ£°ʧ˳

λ°Ƕġع֮־ʱͻרһЩ߽߱ǽרŸ̼ĶĹ溣һЩ̻Ǯֻǵʱ־ĹֻҪӾ͹ˣ˭룬ֽϿǸô󣿣

ⶼѾһˣ˿ʮ˰ɣ

һܱ̹滹ֹд˼۸񣬶̻Ҫ

ðαƷӵԼصƷ
ڶǿʮꡭ
ʵͯۡ
ͨߵĳ飿

°ͰеһԽϵıԽ죺

ع֮ﱻɵ𣿣ֹλֻɵӲŻȥɣ
ǮУôֵֹҪ󡭡ôܻ˻Ǯȥ⣿

ʵ֤_(:١)_




49.  ʮ   ī&ͷ񡭡

̹ĳֿνһʯǧˡ

ڡܱĵ, ѧſھ˳Ķ飬ŶӵĶǶյĴ̻ǶΪ̹ǰҪѧǴɺλġ

Щϴ, ߴڼС, ƽʱǵİһѣȴĵļһȺڻûǸĹŴܹһȺиɵйĴĵþۼһطȻһֵýֵĴ顣

ԵĶǰۼһ͵͵ֱŶӵȺ˶˭ʱʱؾͷһ

ǸϵźɫǸǳǶеƹ϶ǴǼϰģĲ̯, һӼװ˵裬С˵Լķ֡

ǸһӾҪĳһ껨õĽУһЪϢ̷Ӧ, æ׷ʡ

ɲǼң

Ǽⶼ, ʼҵĹǼҵ, ôҪǹ棿

˭˵أǮûطˣ˱ʾǮ˵ǲȥ߶жٶǵĴ̻

ǶĻʼýСҽͬáʿķıīիũϤİ׼̡

ѧ׾ںͱֽͬҪ¸һ¡ܱλԼҸ磬ɴ۾

磡

׾ԼҸ罻Ǯ, ԼǩְӡԼҸһߡ

ǰ׼ȱ𣿾ȻҪ䵽Ͷ棿

仰ǵԼҸ׿ں˵ģʱ׾յϡסı༭, ˳ܹȥҪҪ־ϼӸ, ʱͱ仰˻, ɰ׾ͬǰţƤ˺ڣԼĥӲݲѾ̫µİϵð׼̵Ĺˡס

˭룬Źȥ˶ãǶԽѧǹֿΪǾȦǮĸȻԼ͵͵ҪǮڡܱϴˣ

ܱĹѿɱȡס߳ʮ, 粻ɵ˰ɣ

׾һǿԼҿɵ˵ĸТͱТš

ʲô񣡡粻ˬ
Ǯӵ⣡ΪҰ׼̵ǮҲһĸԸТն

˿̹桷ֻдع֮ضΣôôߵļ۸񣬻ϣ˻ӦͶ棬ôܣ

Ĵǣ׼֣һӦǡһҪλһ˭Ͷ

߸ߵһݵϡܱг͢ʥ֧֣ǶʱһѸ¡ֻҪĶֽϣ˵ҵĵ걻͢ʥ˺ͰոϿˡС

ТֵҲ˵ҪΪҰ׼ȥȱأһ˵ʲôҪģýˣȻλͱ˸ռˣ

˵꣬ɸֵؿԼǸ¶ĵܵܰ׾ôͲⱨı༭أ

ôҸ߸ǰɣ
׾̲סĵ͵͵ۡ



һʱܱ¸µĹλȫ˳ȥ

༭д˸ʾſڵʱ򣬼ҴҸ̻ǿǸʾаޣд¸µڣһҪ컹ûʱ͹Ŷӣ˵ʲôҲҪǡܱϡе̻ŸʾдмԼͬУдʲôͶȡ˸Լλ

й֮ĹĶǵȻ롶ܱ޹ˣ˴˿ΪԼҵıֽ˰תΪӯеء

ʵΪ͢Ľ룬ܱĿԶûһʼ챨ʱôء

ֽҪʲôͶˣһҪôǳ͢ԼдҪôǳ䵱żߵı༭ԼٵȻҲͲҪǸѵ⣬õĳ͢ӡˢֵ˳͢һʽ𣬱ֽĳɱʵѾܵˣÿεĿҲīλ°ͺƹôࡣ

˾޶Ĺѣȷÿй̶ĽһֱΪȫǮ֧֡ÿοʱ˵ıڱ༭ھԼܰͦˣ

ԭֻڱ統ʱǶʱһȺ˿ʼ˼áܱøá

һߣһֱŽѧǷչģʽīҲģԼҵֽԣǱֽͬİͬλÿһ̹ͬ棬Ψһͬڡܱǣ°Ͱع̹֮дһζ̻Ҫȫˡ

˼ع֮Ҫô໹ŶǮλʲôҪֻҪǮ
°ԼĴƤЦôţһԵƹһڴīſվһ죬ֻȵһֽġ

˼ֽĻֱǮλģ˼۵ġ°Ͱѹλļ۸񶨵ĺܱ͡һߣ˼ֽľ۸ߵף°Ͳ˵Ҳ۸⻰ֽЦ

˼ҡܱ￴ģ˭ܿõǡīܱȥǸ˼ҵֽģ˭˭ԸԼҵĵָ˲ƨɣû⣬㻹Ǯ٣

˵ﳤȥͽ÷ļ°ͺڰƹ

պ󣬡īܱΪ벻в̣ĵʧڶ˶Խѧǵĵͷ

յīߣվڰϹͬп³Ӱ缦ˣܱһҶ󣬳Ϊ˶Žϴһֱ󣬼˷̻ǮһרдСϢͰԵġܱŴ¢ϵг

Ȼڵع֮ĽѧǲûʲôϵΪʱڸѧˣҪˡ

ûǱҪˡ

˵ܱ˶һˣʵ챨ĻֻǸ̨ӣֶǵųŵ¼ʱŲæʱʱģŽűֽĹֶָæճˣѧ֡Ǳ־Ͳˡ

رڡīܱ֮ͻȻ䷢Լʵһֱһŵط̨̨ܱĲֽһȷĻ

Ϊѧǵ˶ѾƴӣҲͱͬһȦӣˮҲûзеĹ⣬˶־̬ܱʱһҶȻû⣬Ժľأ

Щҵһ̨Ӧе̬˳͢ʥ˵Ŀأ

롶ֽܱ

űҪˣ뾡ˣһͳӵʱ˴ͳ˼άı༭ͼѿءܱķ

ҲǱƵû취ˣҪλʽҪλ˸̹ѱӯȶȹԼȻ۵ģϵʡԽĵͨ˽ѧǣص±磩˵顣

ʵع֮ͽѧҲ˵ģúƵķʽйһ˵ˣÿĻʲô£һǩԼߣȻַʽڵʱѧǻСʱΪû˼ߵһƫš

ȻʱͬգСĽѧѾҵͷ֮ĶǶյĴԼ͢١׹ݡʿӣͨϰﶼǡ̸Цк壬ް׶ˣټЧִӴЩ͹˾ԱĴ١ʮнڸʱʱֻ;۲ͣ

ˡߴϡĵλ붼벻ĴﻹҪ֮ǰΪ˽ʾ֭ƴƣ

ͿǰźǼͽΪǩԼߣȺְӵþֶΣֻҪ˼ԸͽǩԼʲôֵҪǶҪǽܣΪ˲¶˼ǩԼߵÿȥո嶼Ҫװҽڣأ

񣬡ѧǩԼߡѾΪǽھӵĳˣ

ǩԼܹлԼƷ볯͢ٵһͬһ־֮УƽʱиάԼƣżμӽѧǾٰĸĻᣬĻЩƽֻ̧ͷĽɫ

Ķ˶ڿƾٵһ·Ͽһ֧ԵһǩԼΪ١

ȻǩԼߵżҲ֮ˣǰֻҪǸˡֻҪԸдһĹ£ͿԳΪһǩԼߣڣ

ûд츳ûеԶıʣҪΪǩԼߣ
ס༭ͳĻ༭Ѿ׼˲ʮ׵ľܾǩԼģ壬רṩЩˮƽҪǩԼǵġ

ǩԼ˳㣬ĸλҲһᱻ

ֱ˷һˣȻгҪеҪͱԵʱ䣬дƸ־硢˲硢һݻȥѸ¡ͳ˴ŵʱ䵽һҪǽѧǣ

ΪʡԸոսɼΧûйź֪֮İб༭ߡǩԼߵڶƳٵʡֻȷŰ֮ЩĻѧͶ뵽ǽѧǵĻ

ʡԿԸսûзŰмڣžͰѹķˡ

бͯ档

ǵģбͯ

֮ǰʱѵ˶ʮͯǳΪֽÿ˷ڲͬطϵߺű⣬ЩͯȻѾת˽ѧǵʽˣ

ֻЩͯվԭߺֽȷʵǹģȺͯվֽһˣܾӪģʽǲ⣬ôôŤأ

ÿЩͯߺʱ򶼾·ԽϺ̲
ִ˵˼άϺ̲˰
ִΪʲôû˵ߺֽأ

žһָͻȻˡ

ִ˭Ϊһݱֽһ־ȥͤ򰡣ԴֶӦǶ𣿣

ΪȶＯʽ𣬶ͷð




50.  ʮ   &Ƹ

峿, ̫Ÿ¶ͷǵİվѾ鲻ԸشӱԼý׼Ϲˡ

ǵȻʱȵøƵ, 糿Ѿʼ˺, ҲʹðԽԽԸҲԽԽԸšҲܾģϹͻϰûǮãû취һʱ俴ܱеիһס

⡶ܱ͡ס

뵽ȺòİǾԹ

ѧΪȷԼҵıֽ־ӡ̫ȥִʣർ¿ԡܱ͡סȡǷӡˢ۷

һֻӡô, ˼ҲŻ֪ͨӡڶڶ͵õȵڶӡ˲е, Ǳֽ־ҪһʱŻ¿, ȫܹ֤֮ڶҪ/־İն, ˵󡭡

Ӵ

ǵһʱ򵽵ĻʲôȤ

ûеһʱ򵽡ܱǾֻܻǮһ򵽱ֽİǱֽϵŷԼ۰Ͱ͵Ŷ˵Ҳݣɿ˸̸Լֻװ

Щ˵ĳһΪʲô
ΪܳԳԲ贵ţװԼǹ쵼˶ֶ·Լġ߼𣿣
ûˡܱǲ˽ʼĩ, ôԼҸǶţ

⻹ҵģҵû򵽵һ־ס

Ҫ֪סÿ¶ƳһЩ̵¿µɫп, Ƴ¿µɫض֮

ļҵĹһ־ûп, ¾ͲҪţڼһ°ס, ֻҪΪ˵ûа־ؼңǼҵŮС¹ȣҪǺû򵽵ɫпǶڼԵһڵķ

ȺүǶ϶пᰡ

ⲻ
ⲻֵˡסܱ͡¿, ʹ峿ɪɪǵΪ¼ͥгҸԼܹ㣬ȻȻҧ˺֮С

һţͷ˲ԾΪϳֵıͯˣǾȻˣ

ѧǵıͯǺܺϵģΪǶŽѧǵͳһװǰһˡֵΧװһѵıֽʮĿԶԶܹ

ֽˣǵİն֪Щͯǹ̶վĳλֽģǶУֻҪҵһͯͿ򵽱ֽˡ죡ǾȻڰ·Ͼͼ˱ͯ

ǾȵȺͯΧװĲǱֽ
³ġס

һ뵽סիҲһֵ·һסǸѾܵͨıͯ

ͯһݡܱһݡס
٣϶죡ͯҲһ
ҲҪ
ĳֻҪֽɣ־Ҫ


һȺ嵽ͯǰǮȴⱨͯͷҡø˹ƵģһΪסԼװ־ͱֽĶæ͵

Щֽ־˼ҶˣСȥЩ˱ֽ־˼ͱȥģ

ͯ˵žһһɧƴȺ˳ȥһŨ̹

ˣ
ʲôжˣ
Ҫô
㵹˵

һȺ˶ʱĿⶼ۽Ⱥڴȥıͯǣע⵽ǼҼһſڲ֪ʱһľͷӣ

ľͷССģڸǰһֱ۾ܴľ룬ľϿš֣һ֪ǽѧǳƷЩͯҰأѡܱ͡סǸľô˿իſŶӵס¿İĽѡ

ԼſҲôľӰ
ҲһŶÿžõֽ־
롭

ҹæһҸظңӻóΪ־ͱֽӭԼһζķˣ

ʱ⴫
һǰסǸͯ

СͯŰɫۣΧǸšֵΧվҹɫ֮Уվñֱǡñ͸¶ĵƹգ·ɢŹâȡ

á顱ϣ

Һˣк£

ͯ¶΢ЦãǽѧǱıͯϵסͶõı־²ҪҪܱ͡סҪĻҪһԽһĶķÿ¶ʮǮͷѣ

Ǯ֮һҵĵַ£ͻװͶݵСľ䣬¸¿ʼͿԲóţֱڼſõֽ־

ͯ˵ЦΪǰ⻧ͥеˣǰλŵĲޱ顣

ϲ

ͯ¶ҡǲǰλϲü۸̫ˣǲǵðࣨţ̵˵ǽһ

Ȼæÿ¶˶ʮǮʵÿͶݵĴ㡭

Ҷͯû˵꣬ǸͻȻ俪ڣһļŵñͯһһ㶵ġ

漴ǲ㱧ԹôҾ㶩˰
һ·˰ɣҪҪԶٷӣһ꣡

˵ţѱͯƽԼõ




ŰѱͯеʮʮͯڵͶıֽ־ʮͯѾڿҪҪһ̼ҺרſС̨һͤһԼҵıͯﾭӪˡ

ȱͯȫѵϸںûãʡͨڳˡ

ﰲŵſٹͬ˿Խʵʱලľı༭Ҳڵһʱˡ

̼Ӱӵϳһֻһֽġܱر桷ӡͨʡԵĿᡢǷ䣩ǽѧǵƸ棬ڶһ磬񲿷Űͬʱñͯ͵˶ǵļҼһһһǰյĺøжȡ

һĿƾٿΪѧǵĽͬ

ܱ͡סڿƾٿϵĴȱȻѧäһƾٿԵĴ⣬ʹòڱֽ߰ϿԼֵľӿܵѧǣһ±Ƶı༭һףĳнȫĳϲ˹һ𣡻Ҫƴǣ

һˮı༭ޱزϵգҶҲ⣬Ҳ־ͱı༭ǳġ

еľӣΣ״ˡ

еľӿĵ״񲣬ʧôظȴҲûѹ

ûʱѹΪҪ׼ѧǵƸˣ

źֺܻܽƻؽѧǵı༭ͼƸʱ趨ʡԷŰĵ죬ͬڶǴйֱС¶̸žΪִ˵ƸôԺ͹Ŵһأ

ŵƸǱԼԣ

ԵĿ̫ͨӵµĹϵҵѾǹٹոڼŮǰġ
λǰεĿƾʡԳ⣬ӵзḻĳ⾭ĵãҪϴĲϣڵŰݷúû仰ͷ֣λϴȻִЩڼ;ԼҪùҪȥүү̰

ôһ룬ڵŰݷúԭԷѧǵƸԳ֮⣬˳óһݽǩԼͬ

ôḻμӹԱԵľˣˣ
˲һסƾģ⡷Ե𣿣

ԵҲɴͽλܸɵϴȥٵˣλʶϴ˵Ĳ£Բֿƾ׵⣡һʶֽ־Ԥ־ƴֵͬϴĸҪĴһγſƾúһ˲ŻˣʵǲټӰˡ

ԼԸ֮Իڡ

ʡԽĵ죬μӽѧǵƸˣ
һβμƸൽǰάı༭ͱͯǶ¶֮ɫ糿ĿѧǱʵݵĻڸǲѽѧǸýȥˡ
ڱﰵңǰǵܻ̫࣬ȥԺ˽ΪȻôĿͬһʱοԡ

Է糡糡ϲμӱԵĿǿѡ糡Ϊ糡ľӺ糡Ĳͬ糡ÿòѧҲԲμ糡Ŀԣ糡Եķ¼ȡǰʮ

Գɼһ󹫲һźɫĴֽдͨԵһ֪ͨǵڶǰ־ԸȷԼԱ༭Ǽߣٷνԡ

һֱԼʼеԿⶼ׼׼ʱŴԼҴͽܿе֪ԭ֮ǰ֮ô˲μӣȫΪǰ˲С͸¶˽ѧǵƸԾ¡

ѧǶ֪λϴ˵һ˵Ծϴ˳ģͰⳡԵһοƾٿԣҪһԼˮƽԲŻôǰӦƸʵϡ

ʵϣҪǽѧǵľʵڿɿƾ޽ѧӣǵĳɼһ㣬ǱӦƸĿѧӲࣿ𣿡Žӹ˻ͷѴͽݵĻ˵˳

ϴ˳⣬һôѵõ鰡ŴԼִЩ߿ʦ֮һ⡭ҲҵҲҪһģҲ֮顣

Ȼǲ֪׾ϴ˽Ŷ˵ҪرĿѶȱʡҪСѧӵҲʡԲͬҪͨοԼԼµĿҪʧˡ

ͽ̲סԼʦʦô죿ʱԽ˿˼ܼǣƸ᲻Ͱ׿𣿡ҪƸʢһѡеѧ󶼾ܾѧǹϢȥΪ˿еЦ

ͽܻŻţ֪Ϣڱ༭ɫҲΪѿȫĬţԭ߿˲ԣʱЦԭŵĽࣺ

ⲻǺܺ𣿡
ⲻζɸѡԤڵҪߺܶ𣿡
һ°
Ϊһʡ

õĹͻкܶ˾кܶ๤ѡӦ

ִ˾ӦƸ߰һǧһ߶˲ŶԹ˾ѡѡⶼٳˡѵһҹ˾֪ӦƸЩ˲ǿ϶Щ˿϶ȻͲȥȡ

ҪģԸԸ⵱һ༭ͼߡ

룬˸壬ƿ˴ţվȴŽԵѧǣ֮ǰЩϴһԣһ

νߣǵʷ
ν༭ǵʷ̨ˣ




51.  ʮһ   &쵼С

Եĵص㰲˽ѧǾٿĻڡ

ѧŶĺϵ, ΪİնôŷЩȫŵĺգҲΪĻᴴ, īͷ, ʼй̶οͻᶨڵСס˹̶ûûȥ

Ҳ˶һ˺øжȱһ˵ȱһɰ˵ĵطԳǵԣΪ˻ȫµɮ£УһԺ¶ɨһ, ظǵĴ¸ӡ

ºԺĴ㳡ԵĺһλμԵѧǶ˸, ԳԺȺ, ɫŽ, Ǿһ̸ЦһҲûҪμԵڡ

ʵȷʵҲǲǻᱻ¼ȡ

ʮ꣬ΪǱЧҡĸǺдµ, Ŀ֮޷ܾ»治
ϵĵһֽű, ΪԳɼŵһܵ˵Ĺά, ֮˵

˵, ĳҹɲΪд²һЦģĳҪһ춯صĴҵģɷᱻӬͷСţλѧҲЦŸ͵

ǰе˶˵ţѧӵȻŵͷ, ˵ıѡҲҪܾһȺʼ̽ѡУҪдһƪεĸȥܾһһ仰внкһȺг

ΨҪڽ༭ͼߵѧɫЩÿгŶǰȺ˵Ĳ

ʲô˼
˵Ⱥѡûܾľڸĸô
˵ֻǮûмҹ

ʲô
ΪʲôҪôһñӿǵͷϣ
һǻѧǣ

ѧòУ˫ֽճȭҪǰȺŽѧ˵ЦͬһǴǰ֮ʱȴ᳡֮ϣ𡪡

֮󣬻᳡֮ϵѧǾͿǵ׳һˡ

ԭߵѧӶһ
ع֮

֮


ع֮ƮƮվڸ߸ߵ̨ϣվͬһֱͦϴеЦݣ˶øУס̾

ʥǰһһƽݽ֮ˣ˲ס

ع֮˵ʥ˵¼ܱġѾﵽ˶˲֪˲ĵزˣһĶʥֳӽɾɵ飬λԭϵ˵ҲΪΪǡ֮ģ

Ȼ˼ع֮ҲƲǸˣҪ˵ȺѧӸղŻںڡģĵ_(:١)_

˲׵ع֮վѹѹԭֵȺһȦĵĵȴ¿˿ڣ

λԼʼԿʼǰһҪλ˵

֮ѧǴ˴յǱ༭ͼߣ༭ͼҲ˭˶ܵϵģλѧǵı༭ͱļҪ߱εԾߣʱȥĳѧͬ¾

ţ
⻰˼ǣǶǲμӹƾٿҲͨ˱Եľӣˡֱԣ滹ǲ񵱸СС༭߼ߵ𣿣

ع֮˻һԭҪڽĻǱûڽֻ߸ȫˢˢɴ۾

ĵ᲻Լϵģ±ˢȥ
߹һʱͱ淴ǵҪ༭ͼж಻õ÷ѵһССļһССı༭𣿣

ع֮ʼ˵ԼҪ󣺡һǽѧǲҪЩϹ١ͨ伲ࡢ̰֮ˣ

ŵλ֪ع֮ǸӽѶ飬ΪƵ˱˿˵
Ҫ˵伲࣬λܱ֪øģ

ҲΪ֪˼֮ѣҲϧң̫ƽʢλϵʥˣԲŻ֪вƽʱվ»ԼҲҪⲻƽͱȥʥ˿ó͢°տ

ǡܱҲãסҲãЩ˿ǵСĻ˵Ҳգع֮괴ѧǵĿıΪΪ֪

Щļ˵ڵ̨
Щɹ̰Ҳá׹Ҳգͳͳ޴Σ

ع֮˵ſ˫֣˴ϵӽǿȥҪƬ춼ɵĻһ㣬ּġ

ع֮ҲҪͱˣ
ܱͱǹ

Ҫǹˣеı༭ͼߣ˲֮£˵˲˵֮д˲д֮ԱʴԩԱдģ

˵꣬óһӣչʾˣǰ׷ҪƴС϶дʲôع֮ɴӴǰѧһģһõӵѧӾűͷǿӣľ֡

졪ߣ
ʲô

ع֮ʱʥ˺ͳ͢·ܱļƣִƣȥλ͢ٵĸۡȥĸţԱӭӣش˵⡭

ǳ͢ʥ˸ҡܱߵΣżһΪżʳܲηȨ

ԣϻǿȨµͷļ֮žڶ࣬ȥţڳ֮˲һ͸¶£

˵꣬ȫĬ룬ȥ

ع֮״ڶҽѧǲҪ²¡̰֮ˣ

֪ÿһڡܱ˸ǿ֮⣬͢·Աʥ̫үȫῴᵽ飬Ƕʣ۵Ļйذ֮Ƕ֪ڳ֮ϻã

Ϊߺͱ༭شдÿһ仰Ҫȷƾʵݣ֪ﺦ򲻿ƫƫţһ֮˽֮УǮֻ

˴ɣд£ĳ˱ػϴʬ

һ飬еǹѪȴҲع֮ļ÷ڡ

Ϊ߾ȻԳ볯͢ٵĸۡعƽƽд־Ȼܹ͢ʥס
ǾȻԹܲƽ£˵θ֮ԣΪ壡

⣬⣬ⲻȺѧô˼ҹҪõ𣿣
һܹһչһΪ¡Ϊҹ׳ԼһƬְλ

˵ġˡͣ٣Ź⡣

عֵ֮ҲһҽѧǲĲ֮ˡ

֪λ֮вٲҽѧǣĳҲǿλˣЩȥʱҪɳһҵͬһǫǫӡ

ʮ£ԸȥĿ뿪ˡ

һ֮вѧ¶ı顣

໥㿴ҿ㣬֪롣

Щڴ֮ǰвҪڽѧӣع֮һϯ³첻ѣվñֱͦأ·ԼѾǸƵġ

ġˡ

ʮһûӵѧйᶨһ֮ǰν̬ȣ̧ͷ

Ҫȥ㰴պźöӣһ׼һ½԰ɡ
˵ȥ



ع̶֮һϯ֮͸ıԼ뷨ĵһűҿ˵ı顪

֮ǰѻ˵̫վﶼԼ󼹱ڷȣ̫ɹģġ

뿪طȥ߻߱༭ɣ᲻á

ҲѾμӹƾˣһοƾҪϸ룬ʱ䵱ߣҲٴβμӿƾٿԽԣʥ˿־ͻ˵

ű޺֡ǡܱļűɣҷĳĳ˽ֿǸű

ĳֻǴ˿̻һ£Ķ̲סҪ
ⲻҪ𣿣
ⲻҪõ𣿣

νߣûеõְʷ
ܹǰһʷкβԸģ

ˣ򸴺
֮λ˵ʲôҲҪõģ
ôҲȿƾװɣ

űţȻ߸ѧһ뵽Ե

űԭΪνԾͺ˷ʱһţ˷ڳԼļʲôľȻ̸һ̸ÿµнͿԾҵȥʵ֤ǰһԵع֮ԱԤϵֵˣ

Ȳ˵йؼߺͱ༭ĴؾͿ˱ֽϣӺűһаҲûõһһԵĻᣬ෴ǰ˸վһţǰŵİع֮ˡ

ع֮м䣬һɳ©΢ЦдŽթˣ

ӭλѡǽѧԣԷ֣ǵһ֡쵼Сԡ

ǵĿѾˣһһ£ָСԱĿλĽɫ棬㽫һյʱ˼ɳ©תʼֱۣɳӵͶƱóۣڿʼ

쵼Сԣ
˼
ۣ
ⶼʲô

űһ±Ƶǰһŷ⣬򿪺ŷа˸Сŷ⣬дżұȡ

ԼһĴԱߵѧӣԼȲŷ⿪ʼĿĿдţ

Ϊѣڵİ˸˱˵Ļĵ֮ϡ
ڣڻĵҵһССֻһ˳ӡ
миԻӡ͢١ؤְҵиа˸£շһκ컨ķ˵ľ
иűɫһ
ѡ˭ӣ


Ŀ
ѡȥμӿƾٿԺ_(:١)_




52.  ʮ   ֽİ&˴Ǽ

Ƹеú˳, ųɹִƸģʽѹסǰμԵȺѧӵġš桪

ҪΪƾٿԾͿԿССĽѧǵˣ
ַ㻳Ųţ

μԵѧŲŲ֪ԵĿһҹ֮䴫ǡ
Ͼִ쵼СĿһɶ⣬ĿرΪҵļֵ۲ͬ, رۡ
һ, μԵѧһ±ƣȻͿʼ侳չ˱ۣžͳųžԼֳֳмʱԱţͼʱɳ©ȻʱһǿдƳ

ȻźںߵǾͰ͸¶˶ѧһԵǡ
ǵ˶_(:١)_
˵ʥΪдٹٵʱصذóֽĿˡ
˵̲ʹλϯЩorz

ڶǵİǶΪֵͬʱѧ, ı˴ԱǸͨ徭, Ļ¡塢һǻѪ, ΪŵһϯǰǵĻ, һȺ˻ųߵԭŵĴߡϡ·ĽѧǴ˲һķ

ѪҺһ±ڵĳԱԼ, ñ֮ǰһλı༭˸ͳ磬ְı༭ͼһɽִ˾ʵϰÿ͸ϱ༭ϼһ챨顣

Ⱥʵϰڱʵϰһ, Ȼһµı־תȰˡ

ȵһº, ȵԽ, صļ߾ͿԸѧǽõĸ÷磬ʼһһεƵܱܲͱشµĸתΪܲǲصפɼߣȵܱıڵؿ, Ⱥ߾ͻתΪĹǸɳԱӪ

ȻڵĽ¹Ҫܳ_(:١)_

ˣžֱ飬˽ԼԼǸһʼܰúܺãԽԽһʼĿꡢһˣ統Ҫڶ򷿡

ЩȥˣȴѾϰⷿӵʽȫ˷չѧǣһֻҵǿһǮûԼ򷿡

žãȺȺһõʱˡ

±༭¼ǺܿΪܱ˴ȵ޸ĵȾǰԭڳ͢İˡ

ǰһֽĸ棬ֱӱֽ˸棬̹ʷ̨ÿ͢ŶֵһֱڲĹԱԼдһܣ죩ԼΪ͢һҪҪдĶǵֽϣȽʡʱҲЧʡ

ֻŴֽıֽڸ㶨ֽݺʣµһֽȫڶܣѰŶǰĸ󣬱綼ǽǺ˲ݲʱ̫ſܻšǳȥݣֱȢŵĳɱָ֮Ļ⣬֮ǰΪϴҪ飬ΪȺڷԡ

İġܱҲ˼˲١
ĺ⵳ñⱻԸǿġס̳Уÿһ־ķϣҵעܱʽˡ⵳תøлԺġ¡ȥչݱֽΪճ֮һ

ԭΪı֮󣬶ǵİǻԸȥֽϵš͸̨ͬһʱŲͬʱһŹšһŵطһС񣨷Ǳ壩ѡԼϵеĵط̨

ʵ_(:١)_

İġܱ֮УȱǵİչעֵĲΪĸӵġ桱ȫɱߺͱ༭ǵűֽɳ̲͢ʹʵһҳֽ==

º̲ǽ֮͢е˾ţʥ͸¶ΪְȨмغϣϾϰһз磬ǳ֮˽֪һԡԩҡ

°ǲ֪İ

ڡܱǰĿйүһģ

ڡܱİ֮ǰֻ֪͢һֱΪЩϰհ£Ϊ͢ǳ͢һ壡

ڡܱİڷԭ͢ôţÿŶԼְ𣡲ͬү֮ݺҪǲһģ

ȵһ֮󣬶ǵİµķ̲֡ĹүµĹүһֱΪֽһһԱдģ˺񲻶Ը

Ժصذڸİġܱ̲ʹݸ˳ϸϸģ֮ǰ͵ֻ棩Խǳ鴤ԽأʵǴº̲ڱֽϵĻ̫ˡ

һڵıֽϣѡԼ°÷ǳɫıɱдһ׵Ķƪ̽С£ڹһȫΪӵ͡참ĹԱжôĴͨ˿ҵɷıɱԸƣ˳̲ĹԱ̻һͷ˵Ƕ԰˲ҪĸţûôֱӱŻͨԴ֮иֺܵ壩

һڵıֽ̲İҲģһӣص㡪ǵ°󣬽̲Աģ̲Ա©
شûнЩе©󣬻Ǵϻ۵̲ԱԼϣһδͨ˿ҵɷıɱԸƣЩ
ף֣ΪʲôҪá֡أ

̲ʹֱּӵĻҲĿŵˡ
ԭֻ᲻Ӱ쵽͢˾ڰĿеĵλװĲ죬ȴְǶŵĺøжԶš

Ž˹̲ʹµúáԼư¸Ҫϸǻ۲˵ͨС۵ëıŰԣ̫ˣ

û뵽취ȥѹһѹ̲ʹлͷͶȳû뵽ڱֽϳĻһֱܰҲͨû˻񲿺ͱ

񲿣
ͱ

Ϊ⽻񲿣͹Ǵ̲ʹµĻܵһʱŷңһ֮ǰ·ģ壬ڸİĵڡܱſʼ̸ԼĶߣ

ΪһҪԺΪ̸̸ܴ֮ھʹڣ
ƹܹҾ£вٿ;ıʿ廭ǡҪˣǸɡļ򵥴ֱ

ԵžͿʼ໥ڱֽϿ˺ˣͶԷһڵ۷ԵĹ۵㣬նԻն

Ŵ¸һ£ģ

˵ԺΪ£ƽģ
мһˣӴǿǻҲϹƱƣ
߳ŭҰƥֻ֪һʱˬ֪º᳡һ˼ҹһʮ֮нأ
һŻȻ򣺡ǾʹĹôQ
񲿣


ſһ־磺
ǵİһΪԹȺڣڲЦǺǳźſŶš

žȥԲٵó͢˸żζǵһ̽_(:١)_

뵽ϾǹŴ׼صĹŴᣬŵ⼸᲻ǶԳ͢ӻ߶ԳиſЦ³߳͢ŭϾʧɡܱȹͣĲ״
صץסܵߺšԼǮӡԼдĻ߲֮̽ĶСӣϣѴ´Ĵ󲮽ʥˣ̫ӵ£ǹһĸŷҵĲš

˼С˦˦ֵ󲮺̫Ӹ֪ÿһڵġܱпŶ

ţŶ˻ҳԱΪ֧ݱֽÿ˶һݡÿ첻С̫ȡֽˡ

ʥ˺̫ӵ¿ʲôӦ
һߵҵλߵ˻᲻ԡܱʧ֮飬һϣλ쵼ܹһڱֽԽԽ񻰵ĸŴ󳼡

Сӻ벻󲮺ܿģ˵⼸λϴڱֽϳ˾Ͳڳϳˣһ徻أ

̫ӵأʵ۱µ˼ά֮쳣˼ҳʥķ˿֮Ϳ͸ˣҲָλʵ۱˵ʲôĻˡλ³йذյϱȽϴ⣬ƽ鶼Եø==

СһҸһǧ߱ˡĿɰģʵһ񲿺ͱ˵ĸӣ̫Ӹĵģ

ţŶһֲ¶̫ӣ

ûһ׵ˡɽҪTOT

ԼյȦǱݻļƣصΪĴڱļ˼İصרȥھĸЩΪ͢ĴСС飬дʮ߰ƪӣܱ͡סǶ־Ͷ壬ۿˡĸȻСƢҶΪ˽Ϊ˰պáΧ֮ڡ

֮ҪЩ߻Ϊּߣ湷УĴŴùϵ౨ЩŵĹԱƽʱ⽻԰ֻս¼ֻưİȥˢһյĺøжȡ

ĸŲˣ

ŲѾĸ˸ŶרŵּߣýǩԼߺǻۡˮڲ۷򣬰ѻõķ

ļˡû뵽ĳͷһزٵСȻô塭

͢˴ɶġ
һ




53.  ʮ   &¥

ܱΪ͢ٷšġΪ˶ǰղ෹ϲıֽȻҲһݱֽԿ, ۼڶǵȴż֤һƾٷŰѧҲΪܱĴڿ˶ǰյ֮С

ȻǾͼйء͢˴ĸ/˼ûʲô˼ȥ_(:١)_

žͿִһЩŮŵķ˿ڲܻ໥⡣

ΨһȽҵǳ֮ĸְĴվĸλáڵһлǵڶǹ̶ģȻΪ˸վλҪģ

涯ǹǱʤorz
ʶôһ£ȻܿͰ˼άŵ˽ѧǵ彨档

ܱڸİ־, ÿһڱֽƵԭڱ֮˱༭˼ǶַæĽ»򱻶Ӧ˱, ڱǰӪģʽõ־˲Ҳָ˳ŷǰ״šܱĶָ֮ǰķɡ

ˣǰʱ

һǹڡܱĽ͡ס־罨飬ʵǽѧǵķ罨⡣
ȻǲҪ̾Ͱѷ翪ǿƾǱ, ؿǿѡطԵ㳢ԡ

, йظڶǽһµİ֮, ʼһ㡣

ϵ˶Եú˷, ڽѧǵġΧչطǹʱᵽģҲһ˻ѡôʡѧӵԭ򣬱˴ǵȵһµĽȣβ˷ܣ

ʱͽ֮ܰǰСĽͼ˳, ëպպɫīˮʼڵͼǣ

εԵҴ㰲طǽģǾһһһһڽʡΪԵ, һڽʡϢݿ, ̶, Ϣأ͢ϢͿһأסһ³һ, ܱڳһݣʱȻ㹻ģڷ飬Ҳܼʱ֪

˵һϸڣ
͢صٱÿһΣֻҪǰѶҪıֽ־٣ݶͳ͢ĻҪһ͵Եʡǣʱ÷ĳԱԴΪӵصźݾͿԽصĹٸӡˢӡˢˡ

˷׷׵ͷԼϰ˼·

ȻҪǾͱҪȣһԲӣȿ統Ȼ׵ġ

˿ʼͷѡ㣬ԸߵԽɽͶϱߵϽΪԵ㡣

ص㶨ˣʣµҲͺðˡԱŰ˱༭ͼ߰վͽԭɳȥһȥ﹤ȻͨͶƱԼʽѡԱһȥԵʱվ׮
ҲԼδఴռڵλþԵԶֳȥԵķ罨ˣλԵڵؾѧεصࡣ

˰ʱ°ѷ罨ѡλúʽȷһ£žԡʣµľԼŶӵǰɡΪβӲĿҪ۾͵һĻ⣬Ȼһ⡪

ڶ⡭ǵĽѧǲǸˣ

ǣĸˣÿӡˢıֽҪûطˣ£ĸֱ̾ʾ֧֡

ǰĴҲˣ־绹ټһרŽͶԤĴڣիĺԽԽ־糤Գ˵

˲Ϊû㹻ĳأҲѾһûпѧϰˣʵ̫Եʡ˲ŵСͽҲԼ

絹û˵Լ⣬ֻ˵ôˣҪһһ̶İ칫򣬲Ȼɢ

ȻѧĴŶŵʾ֧֣ôѧǵҲճ̡

ķʵ֣һڶطΪֵ꣬԰ŷŵȥ£ɢһҶȻҲвõĵطһԭϵܾ໥ĴŷɢпܻΪϵһǳɱǡ

Ͼֶÿ¶Ҫ_(:١)_

һķǶеӽи졣

ǰͨǰԺҪ죬Ϳлڶ㣬¥

ԭеӸ߶Ȼϸһ¥¥ȻʺߣǺʺϷŻﰡ

ǿ԰ѷںԺͱֽŲ¥ȥȻͿԿճԺλһЩ̫ʺǰĴڣǩԼˡ֣ռʹ˺ܶࡣ

ֲֶ֮Ҫ˵ôӣôҲԶ׼ʡǮ

ԭһֵַ⵽˵ڶַȫᣬϺܿ˶ʾԸܵڶַϾѧʣǮõٵķֺ죬ǵȻϣøٵǮ¡

ȷ˷žͰװ޽ѧǵ齻µĶͽܣȥҿ׵Ĺ׵ͼȻѡʵʱùԼ㶨Щëķ

ʵǶԱ־Ĵͽܺ˲ͽܣͽģ̫ˣûҵͽķ֮ǰžֻڸطˡ

ͽܵЧʻǺܸߵģǵͬƼ£Ǻܿҵ˿׵Ĺҵõһʮ־СɵŶ֪ʲôȥ佱ͼ

һͷԽŰ񡢡ܱ͡ס֮ͬ˱̰ѽѧһأа칫ԱŲ˴ʱڷżٵĺԺ˹ʼƹƹôȡһڡܱǰܹѧǡ

ʱһꡭ
ҲֻûлѧζȾĹŴܹˡ
̲ס뵽ĵطȥˡ

ڽѧװ޼ӸеͬʱңӶͻȻĳһЯְݷ˴ʱڽѧǺԺǰװ޳ķš

Ƕλôһˣſ˽ҲǺܲ죬æվƧڣźʹһȽϰĻҪ֪λǽڵʱͻȻкԭ

ȻóλЩʲôҪ˵һڣһǰȺһ

Ҫ˵λԨԴġ

Ƕֺŷϲ˹ݵϰ壬ŵ޷ʱҪԼ˵ȴ̫Сʮ꣩󲻺ãֺݣһֱǸ¥ϰܾǷϲ˹ݵϰ巽ڶ桢׬ѧǵһʽ

֮Ȼڽ꡶졷ĹºѡרעھȦԵܲá뿪˷ϲ˹ݣ֮Ĺϵû˶Ͼ

ΪƼ˵ңӳפϲ˹˵顢ʳͣڵķϲ˹Ҳһֱ֧Žѧǣǡס̸£ĵһں̣Ҳǡܱһλڻû̹湫ʱλ̻˫Ĺϵ˵Ƿǳʵڡ

һλңͬУһ˵֮ſ˽ѧǣλңӳΪ˽ѧ˲һλǩԼ˵Ǳ˲С尲ţ׼λڽѲ˵˵˼Ѳر֮С

ŽҲкЩͷˣȻѵʱҲȽϳһ׷һȻ̾һ±˴˵ı仯һ緹ʲôңҲھõ˸˵ԼĿĵʱ򣬰Ѹ˵ڵĻ˵˳

Ź֮ѰҺʵĵҪ룿ңӶһۣȿʵһʾ˸ε⡣

ЦдŵΣǴװڵӣûдҪ̣λСϢôȫǴ_(:١)_

ȻȻô룬˵ȴô˵Ҳܺ棬ǰλȻᵽ⣬ضиʵҪƼ

ǵжжڵ۵ʱ֪ˡ
궼ô񶼳ǵ˿ܶȱȵй֮޲ŷҲˣǰλҵʲôĵ̾ʺҪȥأ

Ųɫ˿ڲ裺ô˵

ңӽŵҶȷҵһ̺ʺϹ֮ϣ֮ܿǿǡ

ǿǣ
žңӵ̬е죬һƺΪиԼĵ꣬һڿ
굽˭ҵģ

Ŀת˷ֻ̾˿ֱԲ䣺ӵĵضξڷϲ˹ݵĶ档

ϲ˹ݵĶ棿
Żһ£ȻɫЩ档

ǲ¥𣿣

Ǹѷϲ˹ÿȥ¥
ǸϰТǡǷϲ˹һϰĴͽܡҪɨسŵķϲ˹ݵǼ¥

¥ܿҲ
мǷʲô˼ТȻҪҵˣ

֮ȼա




54.  ʮ   ¥&Ժ

ᵽ¥, طڡǰĻС
ʵΪѧǡ뿪ϲ˹ݺ¥֮Ľûˡ
û˽û˱ҪעԷɣűҲֻÿ찵עڹԼ״òõ, Ȼ, ¥Ƶʳڹ¿ͷķɽɫ֮Ҳûðͷˡ

һ֪¥ϢʵѾȥˣļ¥һ¥ϰТΪ˽СŭҵĻӰ죬һ̵ңϣңӸϳ¥¡

ʹͶ·ңӲòѧԼ, Լ˸©˼ңǩ˵ʱһ˵Ľѧ, 󻹸Ū˽ѧ˲ĹǸɳԱ_(:١)_

һֱĽ, Ų¥ͷ֮ϲ˹ϰ巽¥ġң֪֮¡

ңӼ뷽ϲ˹֮, ԭͺ¥ķϲ˹һļϣһ¥Сˣһֱڸ¥ڷչ·ºͶ¥Ĺвϡ

¥ңӵʱʹңӰѵǸȫµ⣬Тͣ, ȻͿڶǰյ֮һ˵ԭʧȥ

Тû뵽, ǧ, ûסңתͶ˵ʱʽĽѧǣ
Ҳû뵽ңӾͽŵĶ, ԵʵĹ㷭
û뵽һĬĬĽѧڶ̶ʱھͳΪ˵ҵҵͷϴǩ˵Ȧʵ˵ˣ
ңӲǿԼٽѧǵͱ£ТڽҲûҵһ׵˵ˣΪ˶û˵˳ųһ¥

, һ±ơ
һֱԼõȦԵܲõľ籾裬㿴ҵչóƵݱǱֽ־ʲôģҪǷĳҵĴԽС˵ֱǰԵܲñ˺Ϯͷѡ֣
һң
ʲôĳ˲·Ҿľ¥ƣ
ʲôܻһӣһֱǵϮһ죡

ôһ룬ŶʱԼһĲֵ_(:١)_

ôôãǰԵܲãǰԵܲңף

źܿԼı飬װܵģй¥ľ鷢չ

ߣңӶԼҵ¥˵һ֮͡·Ǳߣϲ˹ϷزƣÿȶƳ²Ʒ˿Ͳ˵£ĽѧǣڡסܱϵĸС棬ԼҵĲ÷һٶͼ¥ʳ͡

һС˵鵽¥Ǵۡʵ϶ӦѾ޻֮ˣʵȴ¥ɼͦڶǵһǣͦؿڷϲ˹ݵĶ棬ʱʱƳƷԳԣռס̶ʳͣһֱûе¡

һֱΪ¥ĲƷζáʱʱƷԳԵĻסһʳͣڶǵʳϡ˵Դĸпһ

ңӽŻʵȴˡ

¥֮סһɵʳͣΪǼҵĲ˺óԣΪǼҵĲ˲üӵĶ/ڿǡ

/ڿǣ

Ĵʣ뵽ִֵ÷зʳƷ¼Ȼת뵽Т֮Աϵӷϲ˹ݵĳϳ

ΪҪٵƷʣ
Żǵ÷תТǶʦϵĻʲô/ڿֻҪסͲˣҲһҩҩš֮ġ

ǲǾͽԲģ

ôģЩ棬ѵТΪ±ٸץˣ֮ǰǸ̻ͼ۳ۣһԡ

һ⣬شˡ
ǰǰСߵλ¥͵ĲƷʱġ
ŻȻ

СÿγţǲĵĵһȺ˴ͷűԼҶӵȫΨһһλΪͷζеڳ˱СӵߣΪСԶ

ĵطһֱСһΪϲ˹ݵ²ƷԲ˵ʱŷֵġ

СŶĺģ˼СԼΪһδƹ٣֪̽һ飡

ڷϲ˹ݳƳ²ʱ¥²ƷСӺһ˼Ǿֻ໥ԸĹϵֱߵСܶһƷƹɫǳûҪŬ΢Цϰ巽㳢һ

ͱڴ֮ǰԶС̫_(:١)_

Ȼ⣬Ҳ֪Ʒȫó顭ǲû֤ݣҲҲ֤ݡңʼε˵

ТǸʮִ󵨵ͬʱҲʮֽˣ/ڿʳͽ¥ԷΪͣͬʱҲһֱżΪ΢ĲӰ쵽ÿֻѡһ/ڿǣС̫ζڳˣ̫ҽֱ治Ȼֶ

Ŀƣʳ͵ùÿζܳԵͶ/ڿǵĲƷԸ꣬˶ֳܵе֮⣬ʳ֡ͶĻ£мʳ¡

Ҳ˼¥ƽƽȹԭ

⣬ңһµĹ۲죬ҲȫҲТǴõ/ڿǣֲ¥ĸط

֮£ǿ¥ľ貢Զ֮֮⣬û֤ݵķңֻܶŶ¥ɵۣ˽˳ģ

һֱǰ¥ĳһΪ/ڿʳùʳ͡˵ʱңӵɫҲóҲ֣

ǸС壬ǸʮĺӡҲТĶӡ

ǶôϷԵһ֣

ŵͫ˲ŴҲ˲ǰΪʲô˵ĳء

²ȥȥĹ£ԼҲ֪ϢȥƲµ顣

ТΪһ½ͬʱֶΧ˶Ž䱸ģֻܰԼĺøǶңƳȥܿˣҪ/ڿǱضóκ˷֣һԼȻСŽȥˡĶҲһ֪Ϊ˷ֹԼӺͺӰ鲻Сı¶ȥȻҲ˳ǵ/ڿǵĲˡ

Ǻӣʮҵĺӣ۸ոγɵͬʱضŶԸĸǸ׵ĳݣ

ſ󵽣С϶ΪʲôԼҵĲˣһ뷽跨ʾ֭رҪȥ͵Щˡ

ջۣТһֱԼ˺ʳͲԸϵϳʦҲҪ۵㣬ȴϵһߣʳ˶ԼǸʳͻмΪҪˡ

ͶԶҩԼĶʲôġ
ݸ˵ı£ȴû뵽׻ڲͶ˶

ʹ֪һТܣŻ̲סҪͬλʹʧӵĸףΪǸݸ׵ĺۡ

Բľͷңӽľ޶ΨһҪӵϸֻУТصҿСӵڲϵʱʱ˶һֱֽ״̬ûпޣ侲شСӵɥ£侲ذӣ侲ذ¥ص侲ذú¥Ϲˣһ׹ڷϲ˹ݺǵСǰҲסǹ

ңӺͷԼ޵ô̵ʱͻȻܴǱģ˶ԵЩ֪롣

ǴŶһԣǷǳػԭǸ˺㣨ߣǱ֮еˣǸǺһƴͬǶֻһѧյʦ֡

Ǹ͵͵ܵϲ˹ݳԲ˵ТСӣһɰĻдĹԺӡ

ңӺͷһ˲ѡ˲ȥתʼͬ鲢Ը⾡ԼȥТǧ˿ƹϵˡ

ʹʧӣѾҪ뿪ĵˣ¥Щ׬ǮָЩһڶǴƴ¥ĻǣȻңûҪֻʣҵҪʱתҸ׵ҸóûתЩϼҡ

Ҿ뵽˹֣֮֮ǰ˵֮ٿѧǵķֵ꣬Ҳʵӣ¥ڵֿ˵ǶֵһˣǵضλΧھҲ죬˼ȥǴʹ֮ǷҪӣ

¥Т˴ǮģͬķӣһǮǼҵȨȫȫԼˣһźĶ

ΪТʱҪϼңڳӵļ۸ֻǰʱһ㡪Ҫ֪ǵķ⼸ﶼѾ췭ˣ۸ѾǸɶõŻݼˣ

ſʼԥ

ڸտʼװ޽ѧǣĿռȫãʵӲôҪѾҷ𶼸ˣԼҲҹٸ֤ܷڸ_(:١)_

ӵļ۸ıˣ¥ռͦɵĿҲ࣬ϣԼһˡ

ҧҧ̧ͷ򷽳ңӱʾ򣡡

䣬ڶλ˿ı̬£Լ̲ס¶˸

ѧܲװޣԼҲǩˣڿ϶ǰ᲻ˣôĵӦҪʲôأĻͿ

˼ȥŴ˸ָ

ôŴС˵IPЩС˵еĳ˳Ϊ˻еı˵߳ΪеŵļƻԽ

ǲͻһӰӻ𣿣

ŴûеûнƬĵӰͷûϵⲻǻл־Ϸ𣿣

ȫӵһ¿ŴĴԺ




55.  ʮ   

Ǹž̲סҪȥˡ

ܿңӺͷµһļȥЩͷɹԵТ

ʹʧӵТڼŵĵһʱ̾ͱ˶ŵĸл

СѾԼѷųϢ˵Ҫҵû̲Ӻӣиӣϼȥ, ҲȺ֣ңӹͬѣһӦǰζƵңӵͷ, ƲɾԼĸϵ˼ɨس, Ҳ˴ͬûҪѩ̿Ҫû١

ӦҪ̸ҪϸϸĿȷԼǷҪҲҪȨ۸ԼǷҪôʵ, ûиһµ

ԵТȻҪֵʱ򣬲ԸҲԸŷû˵ȻͲ̸̵, ֻ˵ƼЩ, ۿųûٵͬкǸļ۸һһ, Тһ۸ʲôģ

ʮָжңӺͷܹǰӰƼʵţҲʮָл֮ǰع֮ʱԸվļ۸ҵꡣ

ĻѺýֻʱ䣬йؾ۸ûж̸, ֻǴŽѧǵĹǸתһȦȥһݵĻ˸ͶƱТҲǰԼҵжɾ˻Ӵﵽɨɾ, ˾Ԥļ۸һֽǮһֽȻֵǩ˸Լת¹ϵ, ˲¥ĶҾʹТתع֮

ТҪ޶СӵĹײ뿪, ŶýѧǵĹϵͬ·̶ӹͬԱԷһ·ϵİȫ
죬ТڶǽȺÿһģеңһҡʦֵԼع֮
Т㳡, жٸпᣬֻԼ޶ȥȻʾ˶Բǰǰеλĸм˵һԼδĴ㡣

ϼһЩҵţʱҰĲҵһ£󲿷ֻǮƣСָ޶ӪкΧչδδܷؼ磬ϣҶЩ

Т˵仰ʱ¶ЩһɵЦŷңȴ̲סü

⻰ʲô˼
ңӶ࿴ļС
ԼӺͺԼչ˵𣿻ɶ
ôŪøһ

ʵϻľ͸Բࡣ

ΪТ˵С꣬ҾͻȥٸͶ

Щ𾪣ТͶضΪԼͶԶҩʶԼĶС£¾񵱳ңԴҲû취ҵТͶ֤޷֮Էһ˵СԼ͵͵˲óԵĶТԼû֪СʵΪģֻҪТԼ˵ƣǲӵ淢ģ

ȻĴͶˣ

ңӵһֱȰ˵Тܷ뷨Тȴܼ֣һǸִܹˣΪ˼ԼȷıϵϳʦţֵԼˣһֻҪڹҪΪԼӦеĳͷ

ТȻжʱˣң˵еɱ˷˿һ˽취

쵽꣬ﻹвٵǮͲҵӺͺܹܵסĽǣδϱͼļá
ҵģĸƷŵùӺͺﶨӣ·ӣټޣŷ鵽ٸǸ֣ҲТӵݻȥ
Լĺδһɱ˷ĵһɱӵĵ

ĳ˵޸ĸûǮһֻɥȮһϳշܶһݼҵģӣҲˣ¶ס

Т¶˾ģҲֻĿȥıӰ



Т뿪ζ¥ڶǵʳȦʧϲ˹ݾ˶ŬڰռסʳȦϴλãΪŵ뵽Ҿ¥һš

ТڻصȷʵԼ˵ҲڷѣԼͶףͷĹٸϰƾʵݣȴΨĵԻ·ТͶ鲢Ҳǹ⻹ʹʧû˺˵ԭ£ţǰ߾ʡǷ̡

Т޶ûѡѾòϵ̶ӣТŵ߾ò֮Ǿ͸һߡ

߾ǸʱСģսҵĵط٣ֵߵĶĳ٣Т֮ܿͱӪ룬Ϊһͷʿ

ȻЩǺ֮ܶˣʱŻ֪ô飬Т֮æµÿ춼ڷɱ

ѧװ޺֮ԭŲԺ칫ĴֻصԼԭĵطװ޺õĽͺ֮ǰͼ࣬ȫŶ¥֮ط˲٣ԭϹµĻҲˡ

Żǻ滮Լӣ¥ТΪ˱ʳȦϴ󡪡ϲ˹صѡĵضκ棬ռͲһС˹Ტ۵ģѵõ¥˵ѳͺԺȫȥҲܿɹۡ

ŵȻָطɺֳ󳬼ԻͬһʱӰ˵ĵӰԺԳһӳ

̨Աݣϰ˵ĹϯùۿһԱ硢ݵ׼ء
ռ׵Ĺˡ

ŰԼǰھԺϷΪͷȥӰԺ̨ż׻ļ䣬˴ͽԳͨʻֶλʮͼֽ֮ǰѧǵĹǣǼԽһǸ¥

űϾǰǽڽǶ⺺ͽԳҲֻѧģȻͼֽƯУʵ˼λԽǿ˼ع֮ǮಢֽûǻӲˡ

һȺΧǶͼֽǰʾ֭ҪôԭͼϵĳԭæžԺĽ˵ͻȻ£׼һԶŵı֡

ʵҪԶˡТϼ֮Ҳ˸ûһϼҵʱˣ

Żȥμֵܡ

μֵԭĺѣܹصİԴԽҲǸչˣŷǳϧѡֵܶһֱסڳ͢Ϊ׼ⷿȻڶǴ˵ﵱǷΧڵͻԱ

μֵ֮Ҫַǽڵʱһͬ磬黹Ҫŵѵǿʼ˵




֪ŲǶǱˣǴӽѶ;ΪԭԼʲһûһִɻʧµͬŵִ긽߹Ŵϣˡԭżѣһ·ӵǣݳ͢䲼ĸֶŴʩİʱİĳа˼ңԼѺͽܣԼ

ʱ͢´ĸּ⵱оһ

ҹȥѵǵоȥʱҪ񣬹ٸͳһʹһȥ

μֵšܱݱֽĴʼ֮һߵſ

뵱ʱǳˮѾȥˡ

ʱΪˮķݶѾõ޸ؽԭûĹٸҲʼ칫ָԶӵʱ㡪

Գ͢ǰµּ⣬ѵİ»ص磬ȥµļ԰
һϵеĶӽŻߡ

ǴڶǶ˵һˣһʼ֪ϢʱûʲôӦֱֵǰȻͬ磬źȻ𡪡

ԭĹλڽϼأ
˵ｻҶҲܹĵҲܻصϼҴ飡

ˣȥһ˽ϼȻ˵ȥġ

ټŵͽҲڻؽѰ׾һҲԵĽѧǷҲǡҪʱڽ˼ȥվ

ҪѾԺҲСأʱͽһһϼҽӭؼҵλԭĹĽûܰæġ˳·ְִͽǰԵķ罨

뷨Ŵͽܼ˵һ̤˷֮·

ǵĵһվڽǵġ

Խɽ




56.  ʮ   Խɽ

ǸſƾǴ˳ǹͬ뿪Ķǡ

ǵ, ȻŴӦ˻ᵽϼңΪеĿĹڶұϣ㵽ϼǺֵصĴڽӵ, Ŷ㵽ûôļ, ûиٸ齨ķ顰š뿪ѡˡԼΡ

뿪ǰҪ
й·ϵҪʲôַ⣬һԽϸɾĴͽܣԼ·ҪԼϴŸҴϵĴͽܾʧ
һΡԼΡǾҪһ·̶ӲܸȫݵصִصཻС壻
, ŶԼǸʦֱ׳Ӹͽ, ֻһȤͬʱش齻Լȥ, Ǿǡ

εг̱

, ҪʲôʱЩطÿطͣãЩطҪЩʲôЩʲô˼ĶЩ˼ˡ

붼˼Բԣ

Ѿʮ굫ϻֻʮ̲ס˷

Ͼ, ˵ףЩ棿
ȥЩȫȡξòĻ֮⣬ܹ߸еֵľƶμƻһˡ

Ϊʱǻûܵ;ļ, Ҳ֪ÿ羰ֽܵʱȤ, һȫƶƻ

ϳ˿ĵ飡

һҪ, ޾ϸдڰֽϣȻóͼʼעЩֱҪЩطЩطԶٿ;ûֵöĵ, һſмƻˣ

ڸμγε˿ƻ˶γε֮űһ˺ƺƵ뿪˶ǡ

Ȼ̧̧мƻĵһվԽɽҽ_(:١)_
ûڳ˶ǺûãΪ·ϵˮʲôĲˣһ𲡵Ļмͬеѧӡ

ھͽַ߶ӲòеҩŰԼһСӦԼͽܾͿʼ˼

ÿһ͸ϲ˼ԼȹһҲ⡣

ɵġ
ΪЩһֱææµµұضͬһôôô̽һ˵ǹƥضܻֱ˹ġ
ȴһֱҶǵ籾׵ӣһСľͻᱻǸ~

˼꣬ͿʼԼһִͨ˶ᶨļƻ
ӽԺһҪúö壡أÿһȦȦ

رסͽʱ̲ס˿ڡ

ʦԽɽ

ŲԼڵ᣺ԽɽôˣԽɽѵΪʦҪ׷󽡿ģԽɽǶǻǽΪʦˣȲ˾ȥҹܣܣܣ

ʦԽɽķΧ˺üɽͷҪǾζҪɽ

ţ
һֱƽԭûʲôɽģ
ȻûҲִɽˣ֪ɽһôô۵飬ɿظıԼ֮ǰľ
ΪʦȻ˶ܰɡ




Ŀˣ

Ų̤סСԺӣۼʶһ滷ɽɽҰСԽɽ֮һ㡣

ԽɽǶϤĳˡ
һǶǣ˿ĳУ
ڶǽȻû͸ԭļɻʱʱεУ
Խɽˡ

ȻûǣųԽɽزڹǼڷϲ˹ݵʱ򣩡ӴԽɽѧӣвٶΪ˽ǩԼߺͱ༭ߣԼҵıֽ־϶йԽɽϢ͢Խɽǰʵ⸳˰ߣԼסרڵԽɽɽˮȡ

ԼʹûеԽɽ·ҪȥǣŶԽɽһȻ׽

סרԽɽ˵˵ءף֮ҡ
ʫרиеصѧʫʿ޵صķ羰ֿ佱ʫڡ˼ҡִʫ黭д
ѪɫҲصذĴŵĶԾԽɽ֣ôδεľɫд˶Ǹطųʥġ

ͲԽɽǰԽɽֿȡ˼áԴĻˡ

֮͡šһڵءΡĴ¿ʼסԽɽľ֮ǰǶסջסҽݣ֪Щĸʲô

ʲôף֮ҡԽɽȫɽ·¾ɽ£Ǹ·ҲǶǵƽ̹ģ·ˣﻹǵԼĿģɲǼ֮𣿣

ʲô˼ҡʵ˵صعϡ·϶ʲôˣ

ʲôĴɻ۴˴ִᡪھһΪԽɽ۱ˣЩʿֻķӺͳأ

ԽɽǸƶ·ֲ߱ɽĵط

˵ĻȻţ



ԽɽʵźǰԽɽ㽨ѧǷС飬ȻΪСбԽɽ˳ѧӣҲȷʵʵʵʹҽԽɽǸɽǣûжǸߡ״

ǸʱĴҶΪֻǫ飬ǫžŮӱ˿Ư֮ߵػصһ䡰~

֪˼˵öģ

ȻҲӰ쵽ԭ㿪ԽɽĽѧǷ硭

Խɽ˿٣ʶȻҲȶǵ͵ö࣬ΪʲôիԽɽķֵסԶάһˮƽϣһúûǲáдʲôģԽɽĴԶԭطʶֵ˿ھô࣬Ը⻨Ǯ򻰱־͸ǹ̶ˣ

Ҳź׼ڵؽСǷ˳

ѧ֮ڶǻ÷ˮ𣬿ĳԼı֮⣬оǶӴȺʶֵ˿ﵽʮʮ򣬴󲿷˵ȫճӼ򵥵

־ͻŻ

ԽɽһԽɽ

ûж־Ҫ˵ֽˣ־ۿɼĻԽɽĽѧǷţʧȥͷϷ˲ļ˵ڵ׬Ǯ

޵ġΡ˳ı飬дǸ⣬ڽһԽɽ֮˵ԭ

Խɽɽˮ·;᫶ͣѽҲѳ·˽٣˳ȥҲ٣˿ھһֱˡڽٵԭ

صѧһ뿪ԽɽϿطĻԻ֮ԸԽɽģҪ˵Խɽ˽ˣԽɽΨ˽ӣһұ忪ģһҿģ̫٣ÿյͽֶֻĹڽͶٵԭ

Խɽɽأסֻƽ̹Щĵطɽ£Ҫ˵ֵˡԽɽͲʺׯֻܿɽϲժɽҩҩɽ˶աڽԽɽԭ

͢Խɽĸ˰²ũֳҹҹ龫ǣԽɽȴһɫûСʵڲڱʾΪٷѾˡ

ԽɽвٺͺóԵλطģĳѱþϯλ顣ǰ

ĲԹɫıº㵽ĽŶλΡ̲סĿܾ˹ٳϹҲǸرʺȥ񲿵⽻١

ΡԽɽҵĵմɣյصĽзͽɡ
ʵλɲǺ죬֮ϵλӸ䵱ҵġΡΪܵһϤ˵Ƽ

λɵӣ




57.  ʮ   &µ

û, ɾǵֳ˽ŵĻ֮¼޵ɷСǧѡŮ
ԭһοƾӦҪμӵΪǡﻳм裬Լ, ûȥ, ڼչӻ

һ˵ʱǡĶӸ¡ʱ޵Ҳˣ֮ĸõڵرɾ¡

ԸʵſĳЩִС˵Ůе񣬼ǡԡνײ׵ǰ, ȻҲڵзǸֻΪһİԸ˽ˡ

ԸĸƹܼдС˵ȻУСϹҲ֪һ, ԼŮ˸մ, Ҫ, ճֻҪܺɷʳסмɡ

Ը©һϾͰȫͶ뵽֮еԸȻĸֻõ֮һ֮һɺǸжҲԸⰮӡ˳µģ˴ӼһԼҷһ鿪ʼ, ͹

ƽʱûбҵమãʵԽɽܴʱ̫˵ԵʣҺĸСһϵ, իÿ¶ʱԼСͻ־, Ҳ˳Ϊ˽ѧǵʵ˿

֮ǰΪ˴ߡסǸصİ¡ǡ, д˴Խɽ͵ǵĽѧǣýӵŵĸרı༭βѡȻûиı䡶ǡÿεĸƪ

־ϵȫ󣬽ѧΪ˴лλʵķ˿صӡһȫġǡ͸˻, ҲĲ꣬ʹѧΪűץһիЩ˫֮Ҳδı䡣

Իڵ֪һҪԽɽѧǷ֮ϲԽ֧֣ǰѴӻпʼͶƴӵɷҲͰ͵ΪǡӡԼҲԸýѧԽɽͷ˼

ϾԽɽ壬Խɽ֪ɵֳɣֱȫ㹻ѧԽɽķ籣ݻ

ǰǷԽɽܿ_(:١)_

ڰǰǣԽɽ״пܽҲ
㿪ҲҪ

ԭԽɽչֽŵ˲֪ôźá




ǰ·أΪڻʵǰºڡ˸ŵĻѡܱȫȻλʵۿȥܺ˵ȻԽɽȻԳƵǡɿźͱŵѧǷСҲҶš۾֮ķվͷˡ

绹ҪģֻԭļƻҪġ

ѳ̶ȻѾһˣԭֻ㵱˦ƹŲѽ˽ѧԽɽĽˡ

ѧǵĵַŵ˻ûʱɾΪǸҺõģԽɽķ۱ˣ˵žԼ׺լˣյʱŸԤ㣬ȫܹڵһװޡפ̨ǰԺõĵ̵ġ

ɰսѧ֮ǰ˵Ҫһطڲĵһͺ͸罨СǸ¶˿һ飬ݵ󣬴һ¾ѡռȽСǸ̡

ΪʲôΪ˵_(:١)_

Ȼû˵ʲôɥŻС飬ѾĬԽɽĽѧǷҪˡ

ڶǵ翪÷ˮ𣬿ʵҲǿ𣬵ϾҶǱҪΪѧǡģȻ䱻֪пҪ
ҵȻϣԽԽ_(:١)_

ڽʱ򣬻ԽԽãǴҹͬĬ

ַˣžͿʼӲͷƤ˷ǰ

ĿǰǱ˲ǰǵҪһõطԽµ˵ˣ뵱صľ¥ݺ͸˼ҴкȡֻҪֳٰ뵽Ҫǽѧǹ˵£

ſԽɽ˲Ѧǽμǡѩӣ֣ص
ǵصģǷܴѧƾͿǵˣҪֻž¥ݣԽɽҲûʲô¥ݣ˼ҵϯ桢ɵľ硢С¾ƣЩǿԲĵطСΪ

˵ţĳһǡľӣ˵꣬Ϳ˳־λ༭

־ͳҲ֪ԽɽطǺѿģԽɽ־ͳͶһϲһ칫

־ͳǴѧռĶߵģԽɽİնڷԼĻ±⣬ûжٶ˴ڣڽԽɽûʲôͷ֮·ģԽɽǩԼ߼Ϊǵġס繩ϣҪģ̫

־ͳλ༭໥һۣȻŵͷʼ潻ͷӶ

Ŷʱתͷһ߳üԭµıࣺ

Ľɰ֮ǰܱǳֵ֧͢ıֽʥҵȣҵҲΪñֽȥͲˡ

˵˹˹ľ

ܱһʼʱǴҾͶûҪݱֽ׬ǮֽĴڣΪðܹ֪͢ΪǶʲôҲó͢͹ٸ֪ǵôġǾÿﶼʲô

Ǯҵص̻ҹٸͶʣ¿Ϊߺͱı༭򲻿ɱţмǱ֮ʥնλΣĪ̱ġ˾㡣

ȻֲοǰԼЩ廨Ϊũİ׼ӽĿ·ߵĲؿһߣ

־ǩԼߺͼߺϵһԽɽҵɽĺԼɽֲҩׯڵˣ鼮ؿʲôģðǿܷ¸

ӵġƼԷ˽һ£ΪͲũ񲮲ȥƼϣʲôģ˭᲻ѡҡǮڼأʹû˵İǿҡǮ

ܱԿɾһֳ͢ҴµݡŻ±ǻԽɽǲȥ⳯͢˸ż˭ߵһСġ

һܴӣ˽˽Խɽĵһ³͢͹ٸΪԽɽߣ¹滮һ°桭ˣ
ͻȻ֮뵽ʲôһӵ
ټһרŽ̰ʶ֣һһ֣һ֣ȡһʱõصİһ뿴öֽ
һȫ𾪣ΪԱμӻɶ̲סһڲˮ絽˶ԽɽֱϣǸ˼ҲˣҲȻǸԼˣɲˮεδ𡪡ֲģʽ𣿣

űʾС

вģʽһۣ
һλΰ˵ҪϣûҲҪϣ
ȻǶ֪ԽɽΪذࡢʶҲٲŵµ翪ѣǾ취Խɽİոʶֵ˿
ʲô𣿣

ۿֳˡ
˸æҡҡͷ

ȻľΪֽ취ѵؾø̵ذʶֲģʽرɵ߼롰ҪԶĳλʦ䷹ţҾ͸ɴɱ孴ˡ

Сһĵ︹Լϰ˼ά֮⣬Լ߼ʲô⣬෴ԼҵһȷĽѧǷ緢չ·

԰ҵھáζȶչ²ܹ׳İ
ڶǲܹѽѧǿôĻ׬貧
ԸͽֻۣҪԽɽľøˣֻҪõصİǮҲʶˣǵǱضͻѰϵ㣡


żѣ
ʦʦϣ
ôĶλŨ棬ѧ

ԱýѧǸӦ˼ʵԽɽ޷չũҵҲ޷չֹҵҵͨ㲻˵ܶɽĵط

Ӧôأ
գգ۾οǰطչԼõӣԼһ⣡




58.  ʮ   ˵&챨&

ŵȻ, ʵʷȴǺпϵģԭΪԽɽ޴Լϰ˴֮ͷ׷ж

ǱҲڶǻ㹻ľǧѡѡ˲ţȻҲǶ, ʱ, ˲Ѿ˶ʮ˵ԽɽԺͶǹٻǩԼ˵ˣȻǻû˵ľ飬˲ٰĽᡢԽѧַһ׵Ѧ٣־Ҫڰڽ̻Ⱥôһ£

ҽôдǲᣬôһ£ΪǸмң

ļѾԹ滮߷ŵķΧ

Ƚ쵼źļͽܣƵ־ÿҪԼϽһ, ˵ģͬʱ, йԽɽزд˶һˣ

Щű֮, شЩʥ뿪ǰ, ҵص٣˿ӱȥ˶磬ϣܸһڵġܱ
شɸѡ˽һµġܱԽɽ棩ġŰ桱زġ

իӡˢҲϵãʱ׼ӡˢ־
ȵſĵʮ, ԽɽĽѧǷפ㻹ûװһڡܱԽɽ棩ѾӡˢϿˣ

ԭնʱƶļƻӦҪбֽͯ, ȻҶҸ߹Խɽ˵, ʡʡĻǮԭ, ξͱʱʵϰڵ˲˵Ǹеˣ

»˲Ѧġ

Ѧ˵ǣΪ˶ԼֵȺǩԼ˵˵˵ҲΪʱǵнʲ׷ѣΪ˲ܵȺ߻ֹΧ, ÿ˵ҲһһһɽͷڡܱԽɽ棩֮󣬾Ϳһָֽĵص㣬űֽһһԽɽʶ

ѵǵķӦԴ󳡺ϵʱӳֿΪǽѧǳһ˵ݾúãԸǮѱֽȥأ

߼ôҲǵĴϰع֮߼ãûë

ǩԼ˵Ǿÿ˼һֽʼԼġʵϰġ

ǵʦѦ̵ǵν˵˵صѡҪ֮ҪҸɶ˾ĵطۣ˵ɢȻʮĬ໥ûйͨѡһƽָ̹ɾġء

ǸĮεڻϣֲ֪ڣ˸ô졭ӦӦֱţ

һʱ䣬һȺ˲ŷ·Լһְ˽ŵذǰ󶵶ıֽóȻĿİͰðԽɽ԰ǶǹٻĿаһ飬Ȼʽ

һȺʵϰ˵˿˲Ѧÿļֲи춼ڹ涨ʱ䵽涨صڵ϶ֽ
ȻһڱֽǵһʱΪ̫ûƿغýݸˣһǶʱҲûǾͼװûڶװģűֽظݡ

һ죬ʵϰ˵Ƕǿһܹͨؽֽùٻд¶ԽɽԴӡ
ͬģʱһڡܱԽɽ棩ͻ˽ѧߡֹ磬̫ɽ֮ʱܹ˶ʮݡ
ʮݻԽɽĴ˼ҿڳ͢綩ġ
Ҳ˵ɵԽɽص˵ѱֽ飬һݶûȥ

ʹһһα˵ⲻǵĴé®˵ǻǾúܾɥ̲סֵԼͷϡ
ǶԽɽˣƽ︸ĸֵܹѧǿ֪ԼϣԱֵǶĵﰵģ޷ϹҲҪ˴õ

Խɽʵ̫ˣ˷իĳ˵ĹûУ޸֮ôĵɽ϶޲ժɽĻͬһط
Կ֪Ǳѧѡе˵ÿй̶ʡɵúûܵõֳɡڿԵõ﷢ĽʱһȺжмѧǣжϧԼݹôҪѡǵĲͽѧŵ˿ǵŬͱ¡

ϧԸΥ

һİʮ˵СС۶ڻذֽһ֮ɲģ˿Χȫ޶ԵĸףҧҧƤءһרΪԽɽտרָһ飬Ŷһͱ˴ϣ

˵Ǹ˭С޶㲻ˣô

С۶̧ͷվǰһ壬Ǹ⸽˸ӣ·һֱΪһ˼ȴԼһ˽ΪȴˣĶ

С۶ʱһ仰ȡҪϢ

壡ҽôС۶һţǵĹٻ̲סð˳ҶöȻػشզء

ˣǰһҾ˯ȥˣһֱǶס˯ѶˣС޶Ҷڽֶ԰ɣ

˵ţһ£ͳǮС۶ȻС۶ǰԼһݱֽС޶˵һԼɡ˵ҾͿˡ

С۶ĿǸűֽüͷϸϸֵ彥ԶȥЩͷǹͻȻˣ

һݣζſڶ
ֻҪѿڲãѦãһֽܰģ

С۶ôģʮŸ˵Ҳôġ




˲ںͱͬ³ĵһڡܱԽɽ棩ǱߣչʮһֱСԽɽ¸ƻڳأԼõġƻ顷ɵӺʥ˸ġơɽԽ루桤ɽԽ룩Խɽ֪ɣλ֪Լİ

Ӧ֪Խɽ֮ѣ죡
ԽɽֲȣΨⷷɽϼɽͲҩԽɽˣܴõ㹻ȫҳԵʳǵͼɽҩ߼ʳһ굽ͷ治Ǯ±еȫ˶޷ԱһձΨ˶СȴΪ

ЩŴɺͱʵ֪׳ԽɽԽɽ길ĸٵҲ˵˴޲Ĭ̾Ϣ

Ź۲쵽֪ƺԸЩѾ֪ʵ̰Լ׼ݽǴεĳԽɽ״ж಻ֹ۵̨ȫɾֱӰѹؼᵽǰ档

˫ֱȭҾ΢΢Ϲǰ
СӲţһܽԽɽ֮ΧϸƷ

ԭڰ̾оð˽⣬æ̧ŶڣʾΪһ裬ʥ֮Ųһ˵

ҲⱭҡͷ渵ĳԽɽ˵أ·Уׯ̻Ըƥ޳֮˵ȴһطûеģ˿֪ⱦǺ

Խɽ֪üͷ˼ȥԽɽԽɽһһĽԽɽΪϤˣɻйϣ²ָ̡

ķһ죬֪һߵ˴ߣƿԽɽߵһɽɽ֮վһɵ̾Ϣ

ɺٴȴΪֻҪƿȴͻῴΡĸɽɽòУһֱþɽôáԽɽ롱ŵηѾ˼ҲֻԽɽİչűһٶһٵӡ

ع֮ȻвͬĿָŸɽ뿴

̧ͷֿһ½Ӳӵɽͣ⣿ѵɽΪԽɽ֮

ع֮ϲ״óǻɣ㣬ԣ

һߡ

ع֮ŵˣԽɽĲЩɽˮôʫ续ɽˮ׵ɽˮԽɽطղͬϢ;סص㣬ˣԽɽյĲƸ

һʼع֮˵ôôףĵ̲סҪţ˵

ع֮ЦΪ潵˧깫ˣ޼ԽɽʺϷչҵ

˵ţһֱڻǶѡԽɽҵչƻ顷˳ڵصݸ𾴵֪ˣڴڼ仹ʱ̱Է

֪ˣҵ˽һ£
ξƱܱۡزۡηĿͨЩ˽һ£
ҵ˿ԴԽɽľ÷չӴ
ǽѧǺٿ~




59.  ʮ   &Ρ

жй룿
ж˰Լ׬Ǯ֮Ŀ궨λΪȥΣ
жǸô, ȥжָ̾

˶һеΣֹڹ⣬Ҳʷ
ͬ, ִҪȥ, ֻҪһ׼ǮʱŰߣŴأ

ƣ鲻·
ɹƣĸڣԶΡ

ûзɻ𳵵ΰԶԶﲻжҽƼ㹻ÿһγζһ˶Իһҵһιغð, ޷ܵ 

뿪Լļ磬ѵζΪ˼ǹŴ˾һǨԸȥ
žһӣ

, ˿ѧв, ǵĴϻۺ׷ִһ, ʱΪһ̫٣Ǳִ˸ɰҲרע

ÿ˶Ҫȥģÿ˶ܹ뿪ԼԼƬأܶһӶһһ, ΪĻĻСѾߵɽչԽɽҵİԽɽԽɽ续ķ羰, Ѱһ仨

֪˿֪Խɽķ羰ֵΣ

ųԼƻеĳһҳ, ֪˵ǰָĹؼٷɿ˵

Խɽľǿ˴ɽԲժİ, ݹǲȶģɽˮԷͳƣÿ, ͢ͱ벦ԽɽӼԽɽʳļÿ֪뾡˰취޳ǽǼӹ̵̰ӣΪðѰĹȴЧ΢

ĳļƻֻҪԽɽҵչοͽԽɽԽɽصĿջ֮أǿջյСӶɽʱߵ󣬶һ˵õµĹ
ˣջο͸סԼңһⲹã
οҪԽɽΧʡȴ·࣬ҲԼĳĴǽ磬Խɽһ׳ĺӣ˿֪ڳǰô˻ô˵ǡΧءʡοͣǴӵذȵ͵ԽɽһԽɽ׳ͲɽָŴɽһЩҩһЩɽˣǿԿ 

ԭöԷ쿪֪۾վñֱһֱͷ۵ɽ·𿴵˽ɽɽ
ع֮㣬Խɽİտã´пΪ

ıϣ˵𾢶Ŵʱδһзչҵֺô

ֹǵҪ׳οʹǵļһ·͵ԽɽҪһ·ΪˡҪ֤·ϲطˮҪ˵·˵ʱǸе飡׮׮ԽɽİȥһҪһˣԽɽ˷ǲ֪ԽԽɽյƣ

ɶ˶촽ϲ˵ȴع֮˵Ŀʼ

ȸصο͵ԽɽԽɽȶǵôۣԽɽ˰С̯ϵɽͲҩѵǻ᲻Խɽضصʳѵ᲻ѵ᲻
ЩҪǮⲻǰǮԽɽ𣿡

˵¶һЦݣ
һԽɽİջһνɽкջ𣿴˻ͬʱ㡮ɽô

о仰˵¿ؾӡ
˵ǵع°ܵѹȣʹ಻
Խɽİպ֪Խɽֺγǿɽأ

ɽ޷ߵģ޹ֻοȺˣ
ȻɽעΨлַɽɽ

Ϊ֪ɲ֪ſеġҵ᲻˵Իͣһ˴ţκ鶼Ҫֵľ֮ģȫţҲȫȻţϸ룬ӵԽɽչνġҵȫûⰡ

ֻҪֽ֧ѧԽɽչҵ˵͢ԡٷΪ֤˼Ҳ˿ڷνġ֤ǴصοԽɽ棬ɱ͹ٲ·޺ɽˣⱾճҪ£ʲôҪٶȥ

ɱջȴпܻܷȻ˶Ǹĸ٣˵ʵڹٳϣڵطĸٵģΪ˷չصľΪذı·˭һϸأ

׬Ϊβ

ɵϿʼдӼ۴һγῪʼǰ͵ǣȡõֺ֧ͬ͢⣬Խɽչҵ¸

ͬʱ뿪֪˸ۡ˾ǻ˳˵һһ֮ǰĲǷϣֱ޿ɴӸϳ

ʱһԽɽ·ˣ
Ǳˣڴ˳ڴˣضԽɽʮ˽⣡ذԽɽرϰرĳʳرĵط羰©ȫһ飡

ɾ׼Ҳ̫ˣͬдʳ͢˼֪͢ʥԸԸأôͼҴ׼ˣһ˼Ҳͬأ

Żͷһɵ
ʧ͢ΪҪܾ
ҵķչڳ֪͢ҪЩʲôڹԽɽȴ͢Ǹĳ͢ʥǸӵʥˣΪλ᲻ͬ⣿



Ȼȷ¶һܳɣҪľհ׼⵽ʱʥּæң
Ȳ˵йصԽɽε͵ǰȶ




պ󣬽ѧǷԽɽ޽ϡ

ʢڽҵһԽɽڹǼ̯λǮڹǼĴյڹǼֻ͵ѧǵĸϡ

ڴӦǮͰ̯λ˻ؼȥλʹֻ⼦Ҳ˳ԵˣΪ˶λ˲ڴ˵ذ̯ġ

ʢصѧǵķԼסЩԽɽѧĵطȫһ顣
ʢǲμӿƾٿԵĿΪԲڣǡýѧʿ㱻ѧǵĴϰع֮ѡУΪδĽѧδ糤

Ӧڴӷʱͬһͬģһ˵ǵĴϰһȺȥԽɽ磬̾ίܾͬ룬ѡŵĶһǰԽɽ뵽ѧԽɽĽ֮Уڴѧ飬ԺԼ粻æҡ

ʱ۵ľȫܽһ֮֮ǰʵشڹǼҲ͵˸ϣǳʢǮȽ϶࣬յʱɰǷ̵ģɷ˵˽ڹ

ʢҿǣζɢӣǵú׼ĳʢˮֱ˹ˡʸͣ

û̾ͺһߣ֮ǰúõĸֽƽƫϸëʣĥī׼һкӰֻӶӵĲʿУȻҨһһں£Ʒһصλϣд£

һ£ڴӶѾõԽɽųǣͷȥԽɽųɽ֮䣬˼ɾһ·ϣһֱͬеԽɽսԽɽķ羰ԽɽڲͬϰףһֻԷ飬Ҳ߶Դ˴εиȲˡ

дʢͣ±ÿӼ˿鼦⣬Ž׽£㣬д

Խɽɽˮ鴫üۻӦӲϾصİÿ͡һǾӦסڵһλļУڵҹƷԽɽصʳڹ

ڹǼԽɽزֻԽɽɽϣϲ˹һƲ˾ô˼⿶ɣҲƷǵˣֻǶǵڹǼԽɽذյζȴνǴྶͥ

˾ϸϲ˹ݵ϶˲ٹζϸ壬Խɽ򵥡

ԽɽɽϵɽȪΪˮɽժɽΪϣֻˮ֮У󷹵̨֮һƿͷǵһ̣죬׷ҲڹǼζ֮顣

ţʢͳһڹǼдһ仰йԽɽڹǼд˸ȫԲһֺͱ⣬Ͱ򱨵͵ڸڷԽɽϵı硢ѧ磨־磩༭ǣǰ⽫ЩűطֺãֻȺհЩȫ͵ȥΪǡԽɽΡ̵

Խɽʳıԭ־༭ѧ糤ųʢдıڸ߸ߵһֽϣóʢ̲סԼıǼ⡣

Խɽշϰߵıı༭һƪֱߡ

ǶԽѧͺһðɣ༭һһ£һƵǸԶĵط

ԽɽʷĿ¡
ǶǵԽɽбݵ¡

ڱ༭ϣϸϸ˼

񣬾ֻйԽɽ羰ıˡ

һµĳʢڵȵһԼ˵Ļ᣺ϰ壨ţ˵ɴǴȥԽɽɽôȻزˣ

λ༭ȻڴǸΣ





60.  ʮ   &·

ѧǵĵһιΰԽɽ, ǸԽɽǵԽɽһСԽɽɽ

ԽɽæõĽѧһõһյİһ, ǾϴŵĺһɿʼԽɽһΡ

ɵμƻǰһϾ͸ſ, ͽԽɽһɽоɫԽһͺɽɫ緹͵ؽҸֱӻǮƷһ´ʳ

žг̰źܺ·ִ, רſ羰ξҲ¡ԵɫʳɽΪ˵ܹ뵽һг̰ų, Ѿžúˡ

ƻȱ, ʵʩʱ, ȴġ

Խɽķ羰ǽʮ£ԽɽϸɫðĶðˣдͷ, ŹʵζϹŴҲûʲôȾʲôɽ˹Ͱպˬķ, һá, һʺβʱںˡ

һܱʣ̲ס߳ŭ

ɽǵ峿Ϳʼ, ϤԽɽɴźͽѧһСһüɽ£ȻҸԱ׼õҽɽʱΪܡ

ȥһⶼûаɣ

Ȼһߵ, һȺ˽ɽѾаʱˣĿ¶ѾǵԽɽİɽˣǵĵɣʱֻ˵һ仰

ɽΪԽɽǵһɽԴʡΪԽɽʡ

ȻûȻˣ

İʱһ˾ǳĬɽ桤ɽ

Ŵɽ·ͱִҪ᫺ö࣬ټһ·Ҳûʲô˵ԼһȺ޿С飬̲ססһֱǰͷɽɣ

ɣ㲻áӦ˵Щʲô𣿡ҽһ;ķ羰֮ģ

ڴ

¶ãȻ˫ۣ֪λƳع֮˵ʲôɽⲻͦõûȱ첲ȡһ·ҲûɽͽҪ

һԷ飬̲ס˸ʾ㿴ǴҾһ仰˵Ķ˰ʱˡǲǸøҹĹʿ

˲ŵ˼ͣ

Ҷ˰ʱˣͣЪһЪɣ

󣬸ԭؽɢѱϱŵİ⿪ԭغˮĺˮԵĵĳԵģһڴɣȴɽ˵Щʲô

ɣ㻹

̾˿ǰΧķ羰֣֮˵ĿⶼеʱָŶɽ

λ뿴ǶȿͿԿԽɽһ֮ĸ

֮ĸ˾
֮ĸɵɴ۾ʾ֪Խɽô

һɷ£ָɽĵظ㿴Сɽ壬һЦյĸףΪʲôЦأٿһɽ壬ĸ׵˫£Ķӣ

壬һλٸջеĸȺɽ֮С֮䣬ϲáѵǴ֮ĸô

˻Ȼ򣬶ʱԶɽɫ羰Ȥ׷װԼϰŵĽ˵ɽ

ǣ



򿴣ĸ׺һҵţ
ŲĿĳĻͽ֮ûдڸеС˵ġ

ˣСķ·ǿ˸ϴԶһɽԼɽɽ嶼˼˵Ĺ¡

ɽɽ壡иʯͷһָ

Сһ˷ܣضһԽɽס˵ˣڸ;ָ·

ٿǸɽһӭɣԽɽڻӭǣ

ɽ¶ʯڣĸضǹŴҢ˴Ǳضϵɣڴ˴Ӧ˼ļ࣬·գ֮ڷ棬Ҳ/ʯ֮ϣ˼һУ

СĵĻʱ̾ʱ˷ܣʱֹƽкãʱʫһ֤ȫȻû֮ǰǰĳĬѹָָ֣㣬οûĶؽСĵĵ㣬໥ˮȵģһ·Ц󣬺ò֡

һ˲λӵ˻ɱڵɿǰȺ˲ǣ˿ڷƶÿɽһµع֮ͽܣֿ˿˵ñеĽѧˣһɡ

Խɽ𣿡Ϊʲô˼˵Ǽȫ֪

ԭЩɽôͷ𣿣

ԭԽɽй֮ĸԭЩʯϻҢ˴λ˵ʯ񣿣ԽɽȻסˣ

һʱ䣬ԭ˵ķ羰ڴ˿ֱóȤ




εġȨɡöɡ֮ԭζó̶ʱ˼ˡ

Ŵҿɽ¾ͱ£ǴŴƷذڹǼڵʳ˳ÿʳﶼһλףǳζĹ¡

˵ڹɸɰͰ͵ĽֻԽɽԹÿ궼óεļŵͱĳһλӣڳһֻʱ̾Ϊֻа׼ûڼԽɽļŴ£Ϊֺһλˣһҹ֮ȫ˴ëͷǷڵڹǼɣ

ٱԽɽɽһֹĸ㣬ɵĿоǰյʱȱʵҲԵģϹĸ㣬ŵͽܷͱһܹ١פഺĸ㣡

ǰĿʵ۹һֱָ㣡

ɣô֪ǰ¶

ԭǺζһͷҳ˸⣬磬ڴķ羰Ǹļϣ˲ٶصľº͸˵Ĺ£

һȻԽɽĳԱǣߡ༭ǩԼߵȶջС˼Ȫӿҹд˶ʮƪԽɽ羰֮ʫ븳ŶԣջǷһչҵš

Сģ

ƽʱҲûʲôڸУǺܶĳ£ȴܹӦܿؽӹŵݳĹҵɽǼ羰ϸؽҹյϵÿһˣԼı˼

ֻϹְ͵ӣĵ𣿣

Сģ
ѧǵͽ

СĽӵĴʱ±ƵģСŵǸʦŵĻżȻҪ罻СģСҲͽ˹ȥʼְ

ԭֻԤ׶εġǡԽɽΡĲٿºܿͳһǳ·ߡ

嵽һµ;гÿҪнδҪοͿЩЩйԽɽϢȻڶʽ·ݣҪοȥ桢ЩÿЩˡЩҪΰѴƽƽͻضǣЩȫмƻɼޡ

ͬʱԶڶǣйء뵽ԽɽСĻҲڽѧ硢˲˵ˡ־磩ķ£һձһǿռ˶ǡȻ⡱İף

ȵԽɽĵڶ£ּ͢ˡʥ˺ͳ͢ȻԽɽҵʾ֧֣֪ɶԴ˱¡

׼ôãѧڿйˡ




61.  ʮһ   磦

źСѾĴڽѧڲ²ŵ, ǶԣȻĴţ˲硢־硢磩ͬ䲻, һȻǸ¶

ԽɽĽѧһڡʵҪʲôҵʲô, źСҲû뷨ڵȴǱ룬Ϊ֤ѧһµĲţѸ¡

ȻǴŵˣƴһʱš
Խɽ֮ǰΪ˶Ե󣬵־ͳϲһšź϶Ϊһ, ȻģԱͶ, , պðѶԱʱŲ칫, һʱ˿õľȣҲѧΡ

ˣǸԱԭ־硢Աλ糤Сģλ, ţλ緢չƻ͵һζǵԽɽмƻλеĹǼܶ, һо, ˭ԽɽвҪչأ

֪ɵı֤, ϽѧԵднʴհƸȥ˻ʵϰڵ˵ǵԼġϽһһʱ, ڡڵĸŹԱˣջҲ׷ױʾԸѧǺԸ͵ļ۸ṩο;סͼǸǲŹ̻ԭֻǸĽѧԽɽ細ΧˮйͨɣֻΪ˵εʱ԰οʹǵ

ԽɽΪĿٲһ˼ժɽάƵİջûӦ紴ǵĺô⣬Խɽİ϶¶˸ֱ飬ǵڴġų⡣

󣬵һϸѡϸѵԽɽηŶװ־س׼ǰǡ͡

ǾԽɽʵԶֻҪܵʱܲǱѾѡȥԽɽΡˡ΢ͷšŷ鲻·ĶѧǶΣȳǾͿȺ֮

ȵԽɽĶǣܲİ֧̯λ󣬵ڶ죬ǵġܱһһİ˽ѧ翪ͨġǡԽɽΡһ±

һ֮ڣԭȷʮͱռˣûжλðջذһһȫˣڸԣĶǰ˵ֳȥĻǶҪץסҲ²

¶ʱ䲢

ԭģ᲻Ϊ·;̫ʱ̫õ´ҵλ½ɺܿ˵Ľͷ֣ʱʵһ̵ܶʱ䡣

Ŵ˵˼ִ˿ֵͦġ

ʱ䳤̵Ľ綨ִϰĿɻĳǵĳھͿƵһܣϹûʹҪСˣʱػһֹġ˷ʱ䡱Ľ֮У¾ΪȥʡһȻǲֵõģ

Ŵأ
˾ִ˵ͣΪϰȥһطһҪʱ䣬ڹŴµʱͿԵһʡ棬ֱֵòһˣ

ΪԽɽ۾ͱȶǱˣȻСĺ˷һں۸ʱѾ˱ˣг̵ļ۸ڶǵİտǺܱ˵ġ

ֻҪǮǾͿԲϵ̶ӡõסޡõĻʳǵظСһһѾõʡȥ棬˵ֵֵ

ǰյĻ밲˸ճĽѧԱǵģЭҪѵһοͰȫȫ͡߸ͻص⣬һ·ǰŸʽסޣʱʱô³ģȺοͻ͵Խɽ

ԭΪҪһ²ִܵ·Ϊ칫û籩ѩ¾˳ִˣΪԽɽ֮ÿ˸ͷ

ȵԽɽΪϯεӵСķԼǿ׺ʮοɽֿ֡߷ֿ󡱵ɽɫۣ񷤸ܽϡˮˡˮķͲԵˮ
һסõĿջܹʵҲϵػ˵ǹٻĴӵشܹ԰⣻
һɽϾ˵ǰԽɽΪ˶סɽɽǰʯͷϵˮҶȣҲһܵԼͺԼֽֿ㡭

Ϊִ֡ϳ˯³գһһ㵽ʹ࣬ѡожȼ١Ĺεع䵽ͽСĵԺ֮С

ԵСԼοǰξʱÿһ󲿷ʱοϢһֻȥһطط֤ʱ˯ʱ㹻ʱƷʳɻԵһ²֪ȥǵĵһοһαϳͻضǵʱ˶ԭԤ¡ʵֻ£ʱ䱻ܹһ£ۼߡ

Խɽķ羰òˣԽɽɽٿǶǸСѡ뿴

ĺܱ͡˵һÿ춼ԺóԵģÿ춼кģһȺ˻ȥˣ뵱صĻʦҵʱĻ棡񣿡

Ǹ̴Խɽ㣬Խɽ˼ҶԵģ˵٣˱ǶǵҪأԽɽҶԼŵȥɽϲɵأǸݴɽ䣬ɽˣͷ󣡡ףӸԽɽ˼õĹҿԽɽ˶ֹˣ˵ֹĲ㣬ԺͿףʲôҪӣףҪˣ



ˮߵ÷ԭʹҪȥԽɽεĶǰգǶǵѧӺ͹˸ǣԽɽĽѧǷ֮ڶصض֧ʱ֧һ֮ڰռˡ

뵽ʱ＾ʺεļڣȵһεĶû취ˣСĸɴȫ˳ȥѵһоŶӳԱɢϴµķֳȥǽһˡ

ҵԽɽķչ״һ֮ͬǰԤϵ

ο͵ĳּؼԽɽصľ÷չ׼ǰһοǿܻƷ;һֻܿõСӬĿջҲȶĿԴÿջϰ嶼¸ǵشŻǴɨѧ˵ǹٻִ˲ƣԲժɽ䷷ΪԽɽƽҲҵһ˰ɽͼ֮⣬Ҳһֳɫõģרŵο͵ʱοͱؾǼ㣨ɽı϶ţ̯ϣĴøߵļ۸Щȥ

ȵս٣ԽɽĽϽ˱ԭֵ粻òЪҵʱԽɽ֪ѾԽɽ췢չҵ͢һ򵥵Ļ㱨ڻ㱨пдڴʾ
ˣԽɽδڣع֮˾ٻΪ

ԽɽûͣⲢͲɻˡ

СĸҲʱˣʦһְְѽѧǽһһӡҲȻȻѧ˲ʦŵϰߣ֮ǰҪдƻ飬ÿĿͷҪķչƻÿ껹ҪһƻǷռƻִУ֮ÿҪƻ

ڴ︴Ǹɶõμǲܴʱ䣬ԭӦڴƶļƻͷڲܶĶˡ

ӵаҵ츳СľһǿԸݲͬڴƶͬ·ߺĿҪοһβһڻ棡

ˣһЩɬѧӣСľÿٴƶһ˵ҲϢ·߸ǣѿջȫɴޡ̧ɽĿĿȫͽ߻ڰߣҸͤǿʫʲôġ

ƻСȷдҪϵһ޶ǵԽɽɽ··ߵĲ·Щ·ߵĻǵ·;ʱͿ̣ǾͿԽɸοͣҲοйиоʣ

ȻϵһŶͨСĵ֪ģʵ˵һҪȥӶο͵ĶžѾҪȥСԽɽСָ𣬽ˡԽɽͣʱѾ̫ˣڶ콭ǰϴ͵õȹŻصˣ·ϵĿ֧ͳԤ̫ˡ

ԽɽҪȾǣȻ󵽽ͷֱ·죬ִܵźλСڵĴ䡣

һ·ϣһ˱ÿһµĳǾȥסһ졢ۿһصķ顢һطӦҪע⡢һɲύŵǵ̶ӺȥһĿĵصǡһº󡢽ǰһǰʡĴ붬ջص˽ǰסĴ䡣

ԭߵСһԼļԼļȥ꣬˵жŻ㱺⡣ԽɽС֮ʣĸͽܣԼ˹һ𵽼Էμֵһԭµļ䣬Żص˽ϼҡ

ˮߺΪӵĴˮǰھڴ峤ĺȥ˶ǣ֮ҲûһƬӣΪ߱գԵƿϼҵĴʱͷһùζҾɢ֮û쳣һʱѵڵϵļҾ߶ʰ͵ִǽ˱죬ڽϼҵĵһҹعȥˡ

ԭΪԼڽӾһֱƽƽģȴڶһ磬ʹٵ

ѵһˬشţͼһظ⡰֦չվſڣһĿһΪѵҴͽԳɡ

¾ع֮ôҴͽܻû˵Ǹ֦չʵ

Ŵ˸Ƿҵصͷ˫־ͱһץס
һ±Ƶ̧ͷֻһ

ҿҵˣ
ͷһƬ졯ˣ

һͷˮ
ͷһƬ죿
Ǳ˰





62.  ʮ   

ڻڶûгǰ, ŶԼ˴ν֮еĴڰȵϼȥõλ˳͹ؼҺԭϼѴкԶٷ, Ȼͻٸϻضǡ

ŹֵʱͬʱҲǶǰеʱ, ǸʱӦѾõĽԺöǵİռʶʶִĻɶģհϤҵʱڹŴʵԼִ룬ΪŴȦİԵܲã

ȴ룬ļƻǸյԽɽʱ͡ˡ

ԽɽΪ˽ʱ̫, ԭӦڰڼг̣һϵ˶սǲſص

ʱͨǵĸ·Ϊ´ѩĽķ, ҪӽǸֻܵȵ쵽︴ղп, Ȼ, źСǲòͣڽһֱߡ

仰ĳϦʹڣǱҪڽȹˡ

ڽʹ˿ʼ

ѾĴ󲿶ӵĴҵԼķĹ, Ӷδ飬ϵķĹͱûӲݴ֮У״лΪ·, ڽÿҪطݡڷżƷڵµΨԭѪԵϵ˵ЩһС

, ֮ǰһͬѰ׵ͽԼСҲ˻, ŵļͽϴҵ֮⣬նһԼȰѼʹһΪһ˹ꡣ

ųųϦδ⼸, ҲʼƾԭĻ䣬С˽񣬴Ӵ￪ʼΧһһҰݷһ˵йص˼ҡ

ⲻݷõʱýѾָյ־󣬴ûʲôɵһһҰݷõʱ˽⵽˽һˮ߸İմǶʹ뱯ˡ

ҰʺãӴЩ˼ҼÿһҶмⳡȥ

ԭڴÿһϺˮƯļֻ
Χڴ£ÿѧӵЩΪȥǳܲס
ԭϵ˽ҲԭʦŶÿ˽ӽյĴʱҲ˵Ŀе֪ͦˮȴûͦߣ

ǸմԽʱż˾Ҳ͸΢ϿֹһҪҲдôںϣѾԼԭһ˵ļҲѾȫںϣ⡣

ЩڼůԼ֪ĵطĬĬۻΪһgһֱŵ֪ĸоü춼û

ֱҴͽܴǸû֦չһεţԭűλڵûĹ



û֦չĴѾǵڶεˣȴǵһ̤ؼҵĴš

ҪΪһصŵʱ峿ǡŵʱ֮ͻȻ䱻鲻ˬǡһ⻨֦չĴ廹˸ǳĹڡͷһƬ족ñ⣬һλĺǡ

һһĴͽ˵һ䡰ˡԶ͡ԼҴŸˡ

˼ҹ
ĸ˱⻹ܲеƢ
ûȥֱͺܶԵͽˣ

һֱڶ죬ҴͽܶǸ֪λû֦չĴʵǴͽԳɵݣڽҵΨһһݡ

֮ԼҵΪλ塪

ӵС塣

գգۣŷӦ

ŶҴͽܵҽܵʱ˵Ĳǡδ鵥ǡɥżʱ̫ãؼϢˡ

Գɵѵ·ϲԳɵǰģ֮ĸŲ˵ֻԳЩҲҵгʱ̽ʦĿڷ˼ҽܶԼȴһֱԺһ㣬žΪصϼ֮ǰԼӵ˵ԼΪר̵Ǹ

ͽܸţ֦չ֮ǰ˵ִĻģҲǹôʦģֻ̫ˡ

ͷһƬ졭ʵǸʣǡ졷
ֻ̫ϲ׸ˣһһᳪ׸裬֪׸ʦ֮ȲҪˡ

ԳǸİܼӣҲ̣飬Сʱĸֵܣ֮˵ʮһ޳ɡ֮䷶
ƽΨһþǳ裬һҪдһ˶Ϊ֮ݵĸɱ˳ȴǹǺᣬ˶˵ĸ費岻ΪܣΪǴڵ⡪

ֲĸ趼ô϶ǱЩ߰۸ģ

ˮֱȫɢ룬ߵߣԭǺɩɩһߵģȴɩСֶȫ;ɥֻʣԼجج֪Լôźã˵ΪȺŵĹ׬Ǯزһоɣȴʱ˴ӶǴΪ֮ݵӡ

ͷһƬ~һ~֪~ֻǲս~

졷ĹΪ;ԣûǣûУȴΪ̫Ͽڶ˴ϱ

׸ǸӶˣΪԼĶǵļЦ̸Դųס۶䡱ĸ˲ûоվһߵһΪˣʱʹ

˱ض֪

һٴ׷֮£ŴӴ׸֪׸ѾΪ˶ᳪĸһʱ䣬ԭµĶʱʱһαʰ𡪡

ضһҲдӣ
һգҲΪͷβ˴ĸҥ

ڽļһ߹άԼƣһ߾ͿʼͷЩͷ۵ĸÿδӱ˵̲֮סͷһƬ족ԼԼҪ롣

Զڵʱʧȥʧȥ԰Ȥ졷׸Ĵ˾֮Ψһϣ

仰˵Ϊ׸ŵԵܡ

֪͢صĽ񷵻ؼʱ򣬵ǰѰҹ˵Գɣ֪Գɵʦžλ˲ҾסھǲԶһӵʵΪԵܵô

ҷ˶ż˵ھ͸һвڸһֵһԢסţ
ֶŮպûżѧ
ǵϵ

ȥһż𣿣

ŻԳһţȫȻʱϵĲˣҲô˵ô״Ρ

һеѵһη˿żͻ֮ΪһǰӴ˿ķͷ˲ȻˣҲͬ˴ͽǸټһԼ˿˵ڶμ档

˵ڶμʱ䡢ͽҪؼҺ˵ϢʱŰѴͽͳţʶ˸⣺

λʲôܲܵʱ塱ɣ

Գɵ

Ρ
̲ס뵽ԼǰȦĳλֵ֪֡

岻ҲǸĺӰɣ
ֻᳪֻд֣

ʵ֤

ȵڶμ棬ŷ˳ɼдλ塢ĸ֮ô뵽




ĸ費ܹŴ˻ӭȻſһ顣

ȣɤ⡣

ɤɳƣÿγʱɤӱ˺ѵһһıУֵʱֵ͵ƽܽܵķΧ֮ǰҲ˵ܽܵĳǻƫϷģϲϲϳӣϲĸΪɤȻǾ;ɳƵɤӲˡ

Σˡ
򵥵ʵĴ׻ʣÿʵ˶衭رĵͼѵǴ֮á

дҲã˾ĸ衰۶䡱ҲȻˡ

ʱ˾òζĸĲ
ſĴͶִ̥˵ĿԺִΡһϸ£ʣ⣬Ͽڵⱥɣ

ִжŸ質ζҪЩ츳أ

ôһ룬ſԼλ˿񶼲.

һֱãԼҽѧΪһҿڹŴֹ˾ܻЩʲô
ֱŻȻʲô
һֹ˾ôûиǣ
ǰˣһֱѰҵĸǰ




63.  ʮ   ǩԼ&ѻ켼

ΪżԼķ˿Ŷ, ֣ΪԺһּ˼ˣȻǶʵͱܾ

˼һż񿪿ھ̿ͷĴӦˣ

Ϊֹҹζ, ŵóһݽѧ˲ǩԼͬ, Сֶǩˡ˾λ֡

ʱǩԼʱֳˣ

һţʱʹԼеһλ֣ѽѧǺɵĽԺ컨׹־ҪλŸ츳ʵᶨԼ°뱲Ӷ׸ʱĻĻҵ

һǴ˿ڱż佱Ͽɵϲ֮, Ϊʱ۶С, ĵòҪҪ, һϰżع֮Ϊѧ˲˵ע, Լδ

һйϵֶŮϯӵԳˡ

Գɵɫȫġ

һͬһʱֳ̱˶ָӵǱΪѧǵԱ˵ĻϲֱΪһСԳҵΡΪһͽܶԼʦĵǡͬʱ滹Ÿֹ

⸴ӵ¶żһͷŶһ˲ԼҴͽҲֹл츳, ܻбݵ츳

ȻԳɻ־ıҲɵģûеλһһʦԭ˵Լվ˺һ, ˿, ֢, Լλϥ̸̸ͬʱʰӡ

Ҫ֪űϾǸ̫СүǶԼֻҪ֤ԷӺǸɾġ˯ĴͱǸɾģ㹻, ڽ񱵽졢Ͳ豭ҪӶһ·ĴͽԳ˵Լʦſ϶ǲеġ

ȰԺǿбҡҡλҪҶȫ򵽵ϣȻʸμҽӺͼëӰݶЩڰ֩ȫŪŴ˰ˮʼҾߡ

֮ԳˣַĨɨ㿪ʼɨأԺҶĻҳȫɨ˸ɸɾʼʦӶǵһ·Щ߰˺ÿûô˾ͶڽǶ

ʦʲôãϲһǮûõĶֻҪǮҪ뷽跨̫Ӽҹˣ

ȰЩûɶõȫűΪװƷǳ˺ʵλ֮ź֮ڸֺ֮ĻҲǸһˡ

ȻʲôרҵˣôҲ׷ǵģЩѵĸϲ/ĴͳʱõּɣЩͨķ˿ûʲô壬һְҵ˿ȴǼõزģһֲļסȻдͨ߼Ƶȥ

ȻЩ֪ʶǷëǣȴҲӦִֻŽ׶εˡ

ŰڹŴִֵϣȫи˵ùŴϷãЩһĶȻǺõģֻͲ˵ˣֲǾӦҪٻô

޹磬ȻҲӦʱޣ
ִ͵֣ŹŴҲܹͣ
ִڹŴڳ˵˻ٸЩڳһµأ

źš

ͷһƬ족׸ԭС貢дģҲϵ˳ŻģλͲˡ
Ȼһ׸裬ְѡμǡס·ںηҲڳһ飬׸輤λڹŴȴִĴ壬쳣ǰ֮ǰʹʮֶĸĿǰ

㲢һˣ
ĸǺܺģֻôãִܶࣨҲôõģ
㲻࣡
Ƕ࣡
ҪģôҶЩ裬ôҶǵ֣
㲻һŬңѧǵ˶һأ

Щ

ڴͷ³˽ʮĸ裬ʮһֱʮ꣬ûû˴Сӳʯӵ飬ҲǼ˶ֵĲ⣬װ⣬ʵЩĸ

ҳĺ
ҵĸĻ˾ú
ǲ˵в
ǲһǴ
ΪʲôҪҳеˣ

еʹеʣ׸İȫҵ˴𰸡

ҲãͦˣǴ˺ø裬һֱˣع֮ΪǴ
ǿԣΪβУ

ûκһоԼеػϹһôغӵĿһֿЦķӡ

һ޹Լ֪ýһ㣬סþס֪
Ϊؼֻ䷿һŵķһصʱסķ䣬ΪܺƤ˵ҪסǼ䷿ȡķǴģҰŴ˼ҵţϣܹ

ˣֻʣţͽԳҲ˻Լʦ֮ǰΪҪǩԼʱ¶ôӱԭˡ

Գߵǰղλϣһء

ʦмҪ㡣
û˵꣬ʦĻ

ǲǾΪʦǩλǩúܲǣ
ǣû

ǲǾǩһʮһ޳ɵ˺û壿
Ҳʡ⡣

ΪʦҶԣӵо˵츳˵ֻʮ꣬ʮǩ
һܹд˶ǽѧζʲô֪ζŽе˵ӶǰˣζŴԺźиˣζǿȫѲݳˣðΪʦ֪㻹ʲôѲݳᣬ֮ǸǳõĶԺ㿴˾֪ˡ

ᶨܽ
Բô˵ҲһǩģΪʦڣ


ԳɳĬһ£ԥƬ̣Լǵðû˵Ļ˵ꡣ

ʦͽ˵Ĳ

֮ǰΪ֪ʦ뷨ͽҲûʦ˵Դȥʡ֮󣬾ͱ˽һºšѻ졣

һͬ˵˵ʲô»ᷢʲô¾ͻᷢ˵˭ᵹù˭ͻᵹù

Դѻ켼ܡ

գգۣе㲻šָֽӦǲŻеĶ𣿣ѻ켼ܡ粻ǸŴǸһ

ôܣ
һɺϣ

Żִ΢ĸɺ¼д󶨡
ʱǴͽʵղûʦ˵ʲôɣ

Żһ֮ĶԻ

һʼһԹԽŽѧǣǩԼת˻ڽĴԺΪԺƸһݹͣһγ԰ִŲõŴϣԺĲ˵÷ǳľ塣

ѹϯλóǰʽѵؽѸһԱõأԺҪɶԼ̨Ҫóʲôģ̨Ҫʲôģ

Ǹʱ򡭡˵һ䡭

˵ݶôأ¥Ĳ𣿡

ɫһ䣬Ȼ˲ָ

ЦˣԺǰ¥˼¥СôһͨҶûѣôܾͻأֱ̮Ц

žòܣ˦˦һͷ㷢Щ߰뷨˦ר־ؿʼҴ뵽һǾ˵Ľɫ趨ΪΨһһλδǰ˽ڽʱӦҪ顣

дһ裬һЩִֵѬպѰһʷٱٶ鼦

ŵ뷨ܺã˵ϣ֮ദú졣?L

һºȷԼֻʣһݵĴͽҲ˹ΪС֣ӲؼҿٳһطϢѽסڴ峤Ҳ˹˾żҴˡ

༸ûҵ˵ͽҲѰңʰ˼нʣĲƲ׷ŵļңȥԼʦһ̡

ؼ˲ͱͽܺͽ쳳֣źʼд֮ǰڼġ̹١ִ˲ƣСΪ˲ĲԼŵ˸ֺǺ棬ոʦŵѧϰôԴչ˸֣ӼҵĴͽʼץ׳׼˹顣

ͷһڽϼҹ꣬ҵ϶ŲһЦݣȥ˺üأõûõһѡ

ڴҵŹʱȴӵԶǵһš

ǴӶ̶ģΪ·᫣ʱѾͰˡȻ壬ּдŵǴʱѾص׼ڶܲСģŵĵĸͽܡ

ȽһԽɽ巢չȻض˵ѾΪԽɽһ֧ͲҵѦһԽɽ˵ڱѦ֮Ҳڲ죬˹̶ˣ־ͱֽĹÿ¶ӣȻ࣬ƫãһжõķչ

˵Խɽ£ᵽ˶ǵ¡

ܲԭӪȻϰ뿪ˣԱܹһˣճǻѧǷСǩǮӡȡ֮ΪƷ⼸̯λüϷôȥ棬հȭʴ𰡣Ӯ˾ܵõƷҲǸѧһˡ

½ˣֵˡ



һԭƻڶϱ飬Խɽŵָ¿ؽˣһߵķȴûܽɣһȺֻػˣԭȻ͵ԽɽԭһģûȶĿԴûôʶֵˣǵȭ޷ʩչ

ǰڼƻûõĹϾÿ˶Ӧģûܰһ罨žҲ֮С

ȻͿ˵ڶ¡

ڶ¾ǡԭԤǰõĽԺˡ

һɫ䣺ԲۣǸѻɣ

Ȼתһ룬ɫˡ

˻˵ͷһƬ족
Ҳɣ

ˣɲ˻

ǩв_(:١)_




64.  ʮ   ̹١&̹١

ȻԼͳ, ԼȻǲܵġ

űҲֻϹѣΪһĪеġѻ족ѧ˵ԼѾ˻ԵҵĹŴָ֣ôҲ᲻õġ

οݹǰѧϰ͵;˵ĸʷ, Դѻ족ܵʷҲû, ֪ģвġѻ족ء

ʷ棬·ѻ족Լصļչַʽ

еġѻ족ֻҪ˵ĳĳӡ˾ˣ˼һǲģǳģ⻹ıɱ, ͺɺˣ
еΪֻҪһ˵ǰضûǰһ֮˼ĵ˴, ˭벻˵, һ˵ðȫûˣ

ԡѻ족ܵķͿ

һӵиüܵıǸΪֿ͸ĵ, νԸˣ˿͸һ˵Ը񣬾ܹԤδˣܹԤϵǧ֮һ˵, ҲǺġ

һ֣ǿˡ
Ϊʲô˵Ļˣ
ô¡
һжѧ

ſĲ䲻͵, Ȼںһѧġѻ족ˡ

ѧġѻ족Ǹպ˵, ¶Ҳֲȥ

ͱһ, ѻ족˵ԤԡеĶǴԺ̮¼ŵӽ·˵˾ǶǵĻǶ, ԺӦ£ʵأ

ʵǣԺ֮Ի̮Ϊⷿӱʹ⡣

ÿһʱǾܹɽƺʹģӶԣÿһε޸ģԭϴ˸𲻹ĻòÿѡТӱ˵ӽװ¥ʱⷿѾʮ߰˸ˣǵʮŸתŵʱǵڶʮ

һ·ʮ˶Ҫһ·ܴܲοһľʽṹķӣ

ټΪôԺӽִ֣ݶҪĶîṹһ

һ쵹ûʲô⣬һҹǡ궼˰ããĴѩѩôһѹ

껩žأ
ոõִԺôȫˡ

Ϊ˽ʮ붬ѩѹĽ
죬ѧǵžͺͬĵĸһдһƪűһڵġܱϣס־Ҳ˸ؿȡСסȥֵܡ

ΪԺѧǣ͡ס־һ־иָġֵܡ˭ȻԶؿ涼ǸְʫʡΨļʻϿ˴£һֱɫ־صΪһؿѷˢ˰ɫ

ԵΪѧĸҪȥˣ֪˿ŷͬ޵ʫЦɹǱؿԼҵĴϴ˵ȥ

Ⱥ˵ˣҲǿֲ¶Ƶģÿ϶걨ֽҪ²һǸ˾ĴԺ˵Ƿˮԭˣͱ˸·˿񻰹ԼҴԺԭ򣬺쵽¥˵ʱ򻹰ڣ

ÿ¥̲סҪ¥Ϊ
ڣ

ĹǰŲһ£ĹֵķȲҪô󣬾˵ǼǴԺô˼ʮ˵ģ
ڣ

ϻ˵˲̧ͷݶ¶ֵı飩Ŷû£ûǼ
ڣQAQ

СļѹԭǰܽõĴԺΪһ괺ʱڲܽˣԭµĻ//̨Ρ

Ÿ˵ΪŵĻӦԣѧôԺѹְؽǮˣ
һûͳɹΣأβˣ
Сû³ɹѧԺڣô˲ļܰһ㶼ȡѻ족ܲ

ԡѻ족ʲôģʲôµģ

ͼȥοԼûҪԷһ

¾֮ǰȲһѻ족ڳʻʵʱ˵Щʻ᲻棡
ΪһˣǺ˵Ǿ䡰ͷһƬ족ģ
ԼǶܲܿڳ˵Ͳɣɥ

Ȼʱݳǻصһͷ˾Ÿ˻ԼͻȻʧҵ˵ͻȻûˡ
⻭̫ǲҪΪã

õĲԷʽŴִ˶ܹ뵽˸޹Ĵڴ峿ѻȥһµʱԼҼŵĳ

ȻԵĽο

ġѻ족ֻճĲ̸бڳ衢ʻʫЩڹرյ״̬

Ϊʲôأ
֪ѧǺֵġ



Լĵ⣬֪˶ܲСû˳˶⣬űԼڽǵ

Ҫеģߴٴ˺õƷõƷҪ߲ȥȥȻȥС

Ϊܹѡ̹١ӵ⾳ͱ黳£׼ԼʱزپҵڽӵĴ°ӡ˰ӡһһȣļ署ﴴġ̹١Ĺ¡

˵ʽڷϲ˹ʱ࣬ΪĲֻԭ̨Ǹ¥ڱһ¶ĹԼԭԼ򻻳ڴе

ÿһι¿ϳдõһ飬ȻؽǸ̹١Ĺ¡

ĴǶ϶ģŸտʼµʱĸֻиӣǴں߸ӡȻǵӾѾһ˵Ĵ

ſԼǿĽѡ̹١ĵһ½ꡢȫĴÿڵĴµʱѾľʡ

ȡ̹١ڶµʱ˸ĵһΡ

ȡ̹١ĸµʱ깤ʼͨԼÿݳڵĸԼΪһִߵƷ޸ģȻĴʡ

̹١ĹΪԼƪ֮ǰϮġ졷Ͷ˺ܶ࣬һºŽ£ͬʱҲ̹١̹١

̹١׸һ׳ڹŴԭִȻڹŴᡢҲǸеĹˣ׸͸ʣеӭִ

ŴЩĸĶִЩ֣̹١ĸʻֿһ㣬ûôֱס

̹١Ĺ߸ǽ߸ʲôˣÿһԪ¾ͻὲһԱӦҪ߱ƷʣƻְͬʱҲһ¶ĸոյٵɳɳΪһ̹֮١ĸʲûֱ߹ԱĴʻ㣬˴ı

һθʣĳɳԹŴеһֻΪڶθʣԱƷ£ʱ񻰹һΪͨƪá硱ΪĴʻ㴮ִĸʱҲ̡

ϣɱĻС棬ڵһʱ˽¸ַȡ˸֡ŵ֡

Ƕʱ䣬ٷϴ˵Ľӿ˴İգųô˻һܵ˸ӵĳ˸տĵطŲ֪ǰǴרſͷĲпڣе߰ںãס̹١ֽһ顶̹١Ĺ¡

ĸɲܣİܸüСӺϲĸ裬ϲģıͶֱ׵رԼɳϲ˵ò֪˵ЩʲôҲʲôû˵

˵ŲָĽǣȴһǱһʦͨػᳪ׸ˡ

ʵɣ黹ͦġ

һȺΧڲ̯ϣྐྵӺȽ衣

ҼǿӻᳪҲ֪ΪʲôҼǿɤӱˣɣܾò˵ζ

Ǹһôţ





ʱȺ˵λϣװͷ




65.  ʮ   &Ѳ˵顭

νѧ˭뵽, ԼҲû뵽һɡĳ˵鲢ɾ͵ĻԼ

ѧҪԼ˲ǩԼ˵˵ͷȥѲ˵Ѿﻮ˺üͷˡ

һʼŸ˻һ, ѧǵʵ׳, ˽ѧǶµһĿ꣬ٺŰ˲ԼСͽС˲С忪ʼ˾سﻮ£Ǽƻÿȳһݣ, ƻĸ߶ȶѾŵϥˣȴ, Ǽƻϲϱ仯

Ӷǳǰ, С廹ھѲ˵Ҫȥļص, һֱ岻ԥԥھѲ˵붼дˣֻһ˴ϼҷ֮ûȷõص͸ɴŲһڡ

Խɽ;ںһԭӦýķδܽɵýѧǵ¾ʱøӽ, ǿʼޱͬÿһοʱǿǾ仰

ʲô£׼ǲӶ, ٶҲࡣ

ǽֽ, ÿξҪѲ˵ĳ֮һ, ȴֿʼطİջ᲻һǵĹٻʱǵ˵̨˵飬İһޱǾˣط˵紾ֱ뺷, ҪһԲϴ֣ǵ˵˺ü˵ľӢֵطǻȥôܲ

룬һ·;ôǣСȴһطûȦۿѲ˵ҪգȴѾʦһʡ

Ȼкûһºƽʲô֡ʦλܵ˵ȥˣ

ȥڴ˵ʱС廹Լʦ̫ûˣͣΪ͸ﱾڼ˵ԼҪȥһģûʾ֧֣Ҳûôһ¶

ϾʶԼʦʱԼͻСԼʦȻǸ˵ˣûþΪڵԭٵ˵ˣ˽ѧǣСӡʦع֮һ˵תҵҵܵȦܲãӵиִҵӣڰѸȤ˴򽻵һֱΪҵ˵ʦûɶ츳

ûЩų̂˵ô
˵˵ˣ˵һд֮⣬֮˼¶ûٶдˣ

ɴ˿ɼʦ˵Ѿɲžתҵ㴴ҵһȫǵѡ񡭡

Ź_(:١)_

СԼĸһĴʦһ쵽ϲ˹ҪõĸȻںóԵʦֵĺһʳ˹ҪԵˡ±ζֱʦק˫һɨͷЩйڽæ֮ͷʦ˵ǳѾ޷ˡ

˼Ҳͷڴ˵ˣ˼ܳȥˣܳĲпȥˣ

СżʦһȥԼʦʱ򣬿ľ˿ĳ

˶ȥĶأ

Ȼȥع֮˵ȥ˿
ΪҪάΰòѲߵŲȻػش

˵꣬һգ

ɾǹ¿ҼհˣΪ˸ȥɾǸ£

ĳҲȥҪ֪˷˵ؽ࣬ĳŲѲʲӵϣ

ȥ˵˺ô֪һӶȥˣȫǾֻʣǼڽ



һȺһ߱ԹһԶһ͵Сļʦǡ

ǰղָԼʦ˵ĲпڡıԵʱǱȺһһΧȫȥ˵̨׵źһֱӹ˲˵ǳڴ򽻵С̲ס̾

治ǵңӴ̨˵ˡ

׾ˣôˣʦ˵鼼ˮƽӲķڷȺ۸ڶ˵ôᱻԼʦȰü˽ѧǣҶδ־

ȻʦĹЩôûٱó½ɶǵİѧǡع֮˭ǵһ仰˵ҵǸ¡




İѾȫع֮סˣ

Ȼع֮˵鵽Ҳֻ죬̹١ĵһԪ²Žһ룬ڴû˵Ľǰع֮ΪԼĿеͷ

һʼûаǸͻȻڲпڵ̯λġ

пطʡӦ跨ִն̹֮Χ۵Ŀ̨˭ýһˮһߵģǵĽ˴룬ﲻҼһԼҪסķԼֳɸǵģԼķԼģƯҪľǽʵͲͬˣֻ¥ӱضǣÿǺÿˣˮһ͸һ룬Ҽһæ빤Լأε֪Ҳ⣬˭ȥܲпǸնĵط

տĵطͱӴһĴҪƹһǼҸ¸Ÿˣ˸Ӱӣֵ˼Сʣóһʱ˵᳡

·İͦ棬࿴˼ۣȻſšǾˡ

̨ŵСӳ濡ڿˣҲûɶ¶ǾͿǸرÿСɾҪɶһͶû_(:١)_

˭뵽ôÿСô
Ҳˣôͽôôأ

֮˵ˣΪع֮£ÿضһ²ȥĵط

Ѿŵν̹١ĹˣͷһǽڶǸĴǽؾֵ˽İա

ǰ½ڡ̹١žѾˣٽ£졷ĹΪԭڣŵ˼άܵԼԼдĹºþͺԼģԼ뷨ȥĶ͹£ҲԼϰȥ¡

ŵĶ¿ɱȱ𵱳ѧǳΪ֮ĸġǡˡ
˼ҡǡΪŮЯսһ߳ıͳһԭһ̸Ĺ£»ÿδ̵Ĺؼʱսַתʱ̡Ů໥׵ʱ̶ϸ£ֻĶ£дǰһСдͣλߵĶоòûС˵ɧĶѧǽ·Ϊ֮ĸ

ȻǵѧӼʶ̫٣ǲ֪Զڽع֮˽̹١µĶ¼ֱԱΪ֮ѡ

ع֮ôµģ

̹١ǰǵģֵع֮ǰǸµ˹֣˿ƾٿԳΪ̹֮󣬺Сһ𵽸Ѳ참ͼĹ£һС½ղ󳼵ĳֵ֣һΪԵɺϷλղ뵱عԱ໥ֿİӡ

ΪΪ˹µȤζԣ̽Ԫغй̽Ժ͹ԱʵԪأһ˷ָ˿ԻղˡչѰҹ͵͵ղ鷿Ѱ֤ݡһ˻ؾ;̡ϵ״ڡ

ع֮ôµģ

һ죬½е˹һصسǣ½˹Сسǵ״֮˹һȥݷõ̫ү·һλմ쵽࣬ȥ룬Ķɫ䡪µˣ

ڶ죬ﲻǿ˹һ߲ѣ˶Բߣݻһλղ̫үõλ˵Դڵλ̫үͳһƱ˹˹ǵƱµֶˣ

죬˹˻¸λ̰ٵģ̰ٴͬǮ̰٣һߣչѳҹղʱסլԺ鷿սȥһԭӦ˯ղͻȻƿ鷿šˣ

죬չҹһ񣬵ڶ̫үײ̫үʦү˵̰أ͵;вȶһֶ֦ˣ

졭

ôÿζյĵطñҲֻǴŴ򷢴ʱĽҹҹ˯ţһĶΪ˹һ

չѲȶϿ֦ʱҹСչǧ˸ˣ
˹̰ϯ˵©ʱҹȺ̰һҪɵǧܷ˹ж
˹ڻؾ;ɱһ֧ʱǴӺҹ֧Ҫ䵽˹Сϣǿƽصǡ

ǵСһҪԼʦʱ򣬿ľǵİȫΧ£ڲпڣԼʦΧм䣬۾Լʦµĳ

һȺɫ£ǵıŹ˹仯仯ع֮ǰΣ˵ʱ˶һ¶һοЦݡ

Ȼû꣬һתۣ˹һ˺ò׵˾ǣȴֳ쳣֮ࡪѲ˹䣬˲Ҫھǡڻʹڱµǰ

ɫϲתŭò׻ȺɱǧľȻҪǿɰǣ˯ˣҪǿµ(sF)sߩ

ϵģع֮һѡͷˣϵúԡ

̨ϣѧǩԼΨһһλ˻ŭε۹վ˳һŶһ߳дġ̹١С循ϲؿȻһѡʱ뿪üǴԭ׸裬˸ʶغ߳׸ɡ

һеһжͽоͷԵС忴̻

ڸ뿪֮ŵλСͽܵԼʦǰ濴˿Լʦתͷ˿Ҵʦֵչڷ˻֦չ۾װ类ʰ޵ģȻתͷ֣ص

ʦҾѲ˵ǰˡ
䵱ǽѧ˲һλѲݳ˵˰ɣ




66.  ʮ   &ˡ

ع֮˵ڽ˴ħСġѲ˵顱֮, ʵĸı䡣

ǴӦѲ˵֮ǰ˵Ļ״̬

˵鿴Լ, 
ʲôʱ˵Ҳǵ, 
ÿ˵齲ٵݡĸ汾ǵģһµ޸ģѾݹڵĳĸ汾ˣ¶ĸǿԼ顣

ȻһǴӦСԸΪѧ֧μӽѲ˵Ķ֮˸ı䡣

ع֮ҪҪ൱ڳŶĽѧҪǰȻҪ, ߵľˡ˾ڡصȸ·ŶӵȻ٣Ϊ˲СԸµʦľ, ˵˼ͽ֮ϸĴʦԳɵʱ, ĶҪڽʱһˡ

ڳ͢ĺ, ؽǳ֮࣬񣬻вҪ·ضźټҰǨʡա
кܶԸڽȻҲвԭڽԭסΪѶӵʡʶʡķԸٻؼ, žֻ̳ǻϼҼݼģٱ峤һ, ҲΪڶĴ˻һƬز᷵硣

СҪʱŶ, ͰȺڼĽϡ

˼ԭ̶ӵĳ˾, һȺǿ׳㵽ԣĳǵĳ䵱ʱڣһǰǲμһƾٿԵʱء
Щ㳣ŵûʲô⡣
СȻеһԻױʦʦ, žúܾˣ

ʦͻױʦһģС˵ʱֱڳſ֧˸̯λҪǵİնͱĸݵƤǵĺӿˣһд̨֮Ĵʻ㣬ʡ

ȱֵ𣿡
ȱױ𣿡

ȱ
Ȼȱ

һֱϣСĸ˴ؼұʦֻʰһ顢Ȼٴʦŵǰϸϸ̽˲Ŵ˵Ŀ֪ǵ

ԭ˶ǰһطϷϷĹ¶
ΪϷǰڷǳ¼ְҵûаջԸȥһϷӣϷϷԴǷﱻĹԱԼЩ޸ĸĹ¶¶ͺСʱͻᱻϷйسϷĻգȺӴ˾ͿϷɻˣĸǵϷİĺӡ

ǱڳʮϷ൱ʦĵʦױĻױ˭룬֮ǰսҷ׷ɣö˶˵Ϸ¿ˣòɢӻͷ

սкò׳ΪҲٵĹϵǣôݹҪĻǵڸǵǷգǡýĻʵ۷ϳ˼Ǿ͸Ҫزپҵˣ

ϧǣϷһףطûϷ࣬Ҳڴ˼Ҽţ˲·ˣ˺þöûҵʵϷ࣬ŻԵɺ֮Ϊѵҵ˽ѧƴŵϷʵֲϷĵط

ˣźҲͿʼˡ

ʣһû˹ԼԼһой˾Ĵ֮Ĳ

ֵ룿ĻŶӣ˿Ⱥ壿
ǡ
ǹ

СźĹţ水յŽ̵йؾӦҪĸ˸ʱ̱ϸ涨ÿһʱӦʲôһű˵ʱ涨ģ̲סᡣ

Ϊִͽѹեֵµˣҧű͵͵ֹ

С˸Լʦÿ̶Ĳпڵ˵֮⣬˽Ĳ˹ݲϰ壬ԼʦЩطţÿһʱ仹ҪΧĴܣȥｲ¡衣

ǲǽ̹١²ҪһԼı£֪øʶҪ
ȻǮҲҪ

ʽſ͸̳ʡ֮Ĳࡣ

صĶ鱻СϳȥԼΪյڳкʹɢšǵһ˵˷˵顱̹١һûȤ¡϶ǵر֮Ĵԣ˸˶ع֮º׸ĺ棬Ҫһáǵһ˵ˡķɡ

СԼʴʦֽ˿鳯͢·ġ֤ӣų͢ɽ˽ظձ˵ص֪ˣõ˶ʱڲпǿصʹȨ

ڶ죬ԭΪĲпھͱСɱľ׮ӸΧ˸ӺСʣſվ˸дֵֽʾֻлǮֽ˲ܽȥһһƱһƱӦһλá

˼СʦͨѧƱˣ

ȻСҲûر֣ΧǸȦֻǵضκõһȦӽǸһЩվΧʵҲͿŵ˵飬ԴҶִѱΪշѵĻҲûôԹԡ

һʼֻǱһԵ̬Ʊ˵飬ȺᵽֲúͱλӡҰǶѵĹӺͲˮԱ߳Ա߿ĺô֮ªݳصƱͿʼһ

Ʊ˸Ƕţع֮˵黹һʱأ˼Ʊһգ۾ûˣ

ǳ˹ŴԭʼġţƱ

źСһĲ۱ţߣԼ׬һҧͰѼ۸ϷһΪʮһƱԭṩĳʳּ˸ѹס˻ţƱķͷ

һ˵ѣݺͼʣһŹڵƱǮû죬뿪ǿʼһֱڻǮˮĽѧ˾ͰѴһԽɽʱѽ׬ˣ

һֱŴҷ˷Ϣ϶¶ϲõЦݣΨźЦ

˾֮Ұ׵ûˣһʵ̫~û~

һֱϦǰڱǵľСɿڽţطеõȫϵҲԼͽԼϤĴһꡣ

ʮ֣ͽڳ±ζҲʮֺóԣųԵ춼ͣһ꣬Ըоһ߲ϳߵĸĶӸԲһȦ

Ǽҵĸǵüˡ

ȹ꣬źھСĴߴ½˰µ/˰µĸ裬Ϊ̹١ĹǰͽˣŲòֱһ̹½Դ˲û׼ֻͷԼд׸˳䵱һ±ȫ޹ص

ǰ£Ǹף_(:١)_

ֱĹʵǸܼ򵥵Ĺ£µֽСȻһйذĹ¡

µ˹Ǹкӣ˶Ǽҵ˷Ů¾ǸкӵӽǽǸŮӡȻøɬķʾǸŮӡչǸŮӡճɾ۰顣

ΪҪӽضǵ·ѣǵģǴӶǴǮˣԭΪԽɽԲģԽɽ練һǮɴСȥϵǼϵȽϺõĽľ¥

׼趨Ǹո׵ĳӣ׷ŵŮӵķʽǸŮԢĲȡ
žܹǧڵĳ˿ŮʳˣֵԼѾˣʳԪصĹ£һܻ

СҲֻܻȥϵ¥ʲôϵ

ЦøĪ⣺ȥЩϰԸԸµĹȨ

Ȩ
ʲô

Сһ±ơ

ŵĸϰļ۸ߣҾǳΪļҾ¥ĳʦļҾ¥Ʋˣ

뿴ʱ̨ϰѹһһɬɱ׾ز˵ֻԼĲԼǸŮԽԽİĽ֮飬ȻǸŮǰΨĻ棬ǳŷۺݵĳ

˵жĽȥǹǼҵ곢һǼҵƲأ




67.  ʮ   ׺¥֮&ء

ĹȨ, ŸСĵ׼һӣϲⶥ
СԼʦʨӴ󿪿ܰ

Ϊƹ˲ʱҪΪԼֵµǣ˵ǣĹϵСѧ̻ϵе, ֪ԼʦһǸôߵļ۸񡪡

ⶼ϶ͨ¥µ˺òã
ڽˮƽȶǲĵط, °
˭Ա˳ŵΪ˹ĹػỨԼµţ



šʦ족ԭС̽ԵһȽǮȽϴ󷽵ľ¥ҵϰ˵Լʦ뷨հԼʦ뷨˵꣬˼Ҵϰ˵ھʣ

ȨǮ

Сһ, ٣ѽ, ôҪӣ

ȻԼʲôĪеĹȨȥ, СϾǺ̽д, ɲɣ˵ļ۸Ҫ˵ģڶǵĹǮ߼ɱһɱ, ɽС尴·Լʦļ۸һ롪

һʮ, ߼۶, ŶԷɱۡ
, ̸һ̸ϸɡ

С壺˵õɱأ
С壺ô·ۣ

С㶵òУԼĳɹȥԼʦ۸ⶫһֱ˼̸ģ漰Ĳ裬͵רҵȥרҵˡ

Сһʮļ۸, ȴԸ¹ȨҾ¥ϰ̹԰ȻܿȨӵ̻

ڶǼˡȨľ¥¥ϰкʱ͸ӷ̵֡ıʣӹŵǲġ

ִЩйҪԼƷڽĿLOGOҪÿһʱҪһʣҪ󵼲лÿһ֡涼ǼҵĲƷLOGOҪĿļαҪڽĿΪԼҲƷ˵ûҪĿеԼҲƷȷԼǮԲˮƯпĿĹڱضڼסĿͬʱѹҲһס

ŵŴȻΪƼﲻִȣŴĹ̴ϰ廹Լʵжһʮ治óˮƯģǹŴִ̾ǹ_(:١)_

ԭǰѡ˹Ĺص㶨ڹ̵ľ¥ȻǸŮĲȫɹ̾¥Ʋˡ
ֻһ漰˹裬һ漰߹µľ飬ʱʮҪĲ֣ҲҪһʮӵԭ

̵Ȼǲ֪ģרҵ˵ģҲûд£ع֮û۸񶼲Ϊټ

һҪ˵鳡Ʊӡǰ׺¥֣һҪۣҪü
һ룬ⲻ൱ڽĿǰƬͷӸ
԰
ŻǼҹظǾ¥ںţʱһӡȥ
̺ܸˣͷ

ڶҪµƺʲô涼Ҫǡ׺¥֣
ţ
ţɶ˼Ҫѹĳɡ׺¥֮ôôһأ
һԴ͵ϻһ±ƣôյأдף꣬׺Ǹʲôôӣѵдݺȥ

ҪÿĹﶼҪ֡׺¥֣ҪΣˣڹʲôںŵģٶǮ
뵽ղع֮ǰ׺¥ںţòðײã˵ʲôҲҪﾡá
ţʲô

̻߰ǳϸʲôҪŵʱ̨ӡǼұ־Ĵ·ʲôÿνԲ˻ڵʱҪԳ԰֮ģ˲žԼִ˱Ŵ˲ˣ

ִ׬ǮõŴʲôã
˼ҹŴӦѹեԱı£

Ѿдòˣֻʣ̵Ŀոһ¾˵ˣ˼Ҹһӣӻûȥ¸ģµǸ˻ø˼ҳǮĴһ飬ʾ͵ٸġ

֪ΪʲôЩȦڵıǺ̾Լдľ籾˶ʮˡ

ͷֻһҪ籾쵼Ⱥִͷ̻еݻƬ˻й磬ֲһӸĶʮ飬ĳĻһȵһľ籾á

һСιҪĹ֣ĳľ籾ɲûԭôԭڶգ޸֮עҪˮһˡ

ˣôµĵӻڵģʹ˼ҹҪŻǾԼܵԷҪͬʱ¸Բ˻ϵĸԼҾˣС壩¹¡׺¥֮

ͬʱΪ˵ع֮İҲӲͷƤѶԷҪˡ׺¥ֵڳˡ

һ׺úõĹףĸΪ˼ҹ̵Ҫĳһ̾ŵĸΪĵñĵӱ˸ĳ˰˵ĵպСŶﻹʦʦٸǶѧϰ˴޸ģ׸߳žǹŴ桶ʱ䶼ȥĶˡ

˸հԼ꣬϶ûüһ飬ͱСֱӸʹǫ̃

ٹ½ҪⶳˣʱǾҪضˣڲ·ܻʲôʱܻٲǮ껹


ﵽڿֻ˵ģ
ǲζҪλʱ˻
ɲɣһҪضСȥˣ˵ңӾͺܺѽ

źɴ۾໥룬ߣ̨׶ˣֱ̨ҴææµĶƪ¡׺¥֮

׺¥֮±ΪǮʱдģ߼©в٣ټϸ͹±ֲ䣬ź˱Ϊ¿Ҫģǹ̵ǮҲˣΪǮҲԸƤ˼

Ȼʵǣ׺¥֮¾Ȼˣ
֮ǰ潲ġ̹١Ҫ

׶ıȷѡ׺¥̹֮͡١ִӾĻ̹١ڲʱʴﵽ˳ˮƽ׺¥֮ʺ̹͡١һߣ΢ϻһֱŻ⣡BվصƵ

ԣȵ̶ֳȣ

еԵҲǲͨ

̹١ʱһʼһÿˣ̹١ϾһٳֱȽ¶˵£µĻܹ󶼳Ⱥϲġ졷Ҫ࣬൱ǲʷ磻

׺¥֮ȹ˹ͨСϰգҪ̸ˣرӵҲر⣬ټΪˮŮ趨Ϊ÷ǳõˣŮϣִǲʷż磡

żĸտࣿ
ٸҲ赲ϲɵ𣨷Ǳ壩飡

пŮʳƣټع֮Ϊһ翴˵ִˣʱʱø޵ַһŮǣõò֪Ůڹ࣬µĴСϱҲһߣĽѡ
ټС˳ùطųġع֮ڽһ£ٲܿһӶˡĴԡ

һʱ䣬İնµۺ׷ﵽ˳Եĵزԭʮһ볡ȯΪµӰᵽʮǮ滹лţƱĴڣɼµķжҡ

Ϊ̵İ׺¥ҲΪ£һԾΪһľ¥»޸ǽ׺¥һΡ׺¥֮ϯ»ʱޱҪһ£ֵóһʮӱҵ˰¡ԩͷİ׺¥ϰ泩ü·ŷ硣

֮Ŵ桶ʱ䶼ȥĶˡҲĪس˽Ϊϲһ׸裬ÿ糿ڳЩõķŮԳúõһ׸̾ʱŵı˸˷ɫݡ

źڽʱﵽ˶壬Ҳʱ򣬾ʱѾСóԼĻضǵ·ͼϵ̶Ӵ˳̤˷ضǵ·




68.  ʮ   &ƽ

СΪ󲿶ƶķ·ߺŵʱĲͬһ·, ŵƶ·ʱǵҪԽɽһµķ磬ֿǵ˳Ҫ֮ǰǸϿ֮ǽѧǵѧͻؼң·ߵǽߵʡС

Сڷ̵·ƻѲ˵һ, רһЩ˶ĻȽϴĵصΪ̵վ, Щվ㶼Ϸͬ

⣬жǿϵһ·ϸ̶ӡҹƶüƻڶҲֻܻԼСͽܵİţ˼ҵг̱ˡ

һ߷̻ض, һС尲Լʦź͸ϼڸԴǼǵ˵顣

ڽģʽС˰ŵ˵

һΪڵġ̹١

̹١Ϊѧǡ졷, ±ӱͬʱȷȷΪ֮ӦеƷ, Ǹ֮ĺԿ˵׵ĺù¡

СΪ, ̹١ܸõظطİǵĽѧǣΪһȽϳ˵£ҲܹðǶڶе˵һ̵ӡ󡪡

ѧ˵Ѳ˵ʱܿٻ, Ȼ֧µѲ˵

һҵĻͻϵľ¥̸͹飬ֵڶ֮֮, Ǵ󲿶·ѡ

֮ʵڽ˵Ǹʳ濡Ůż֮׺¥֮ŵڳ±ΪһԼΪִ˵Խ, ҪһǮضǡ

˭, ȻģõµȴǿĹŴˣ

йҪԼҵľ¥᳡ȫǣͽСӺܺôΧʹãÿжҸ̰ԭΪĹ¸ͷһһ飡

˶¶Ҫˣ

Ȼ, Ƶ˵ҲһôûС
˿üʽ⣬ΪÿѡĵطԼĻɫз質Ҳ̲סܵЩӰ죬ԭ̹١̹١Լ֮Ŵ桶ʱ䶼ȥĶˡϸϵĵ˵б;ĸǣ˵鳪˸裬ʱﴴ˰׸

нϡ֮¾йذĸΪûйŴ桶ʱ䶼ȥĶˡãûܳΪ취һײÿ½ŮķȥĿŮ뿪ʱͰʾ׸裬ĳﳪ޹ֳĹڣ

ҲеݵصСıĸСĸʣܵذյϲ

⻹нġ鰮ġúɽġ

ָͷţõȵ˶ǣǼλĸִһŸרˣ

ٳʱԼҸһ֣βپڹЩŹŷ֣ܵһ¹֣ʲô˵ʲôҡһο۽磬ܲܵڳ˼Ķ

ͬʱС嵱ڽʱճһ֧ŶҲƵĻϤԼĹڲȥȥԱҲ̶ӱڡأÿһʾԸѧǩԼÿһʾԸСһ𵽶ȥǡǵҵԽԽҲ̲סȺܹĴһǵ뷨

ջžǸĽ֮ǰ˵鷽ʽɡ

ŵ˵鷽ʽʵڶǶǱһģͬڴ˵ϲһֱλϿԼһNɇN˵ŵÿһ˵Լһݣվ̨ߣڽſ˫֣;ϰлɫװԼǵŽɫ̨ʡ

ҵڵ˵˽ŵһ˵鷽ϷΪʽ˵顱

ڣʽ˵顱õ˽һķչΪˡͱʽ˵顱!

лλʦĵɣ
ڿλʦŸóݳ֮͸ݳ𾪵һĻ֮žԼ͹˹Ŵʦ

Ⱥ˲ִսĿֳݳֺͰ𣿣

òһˣʱ಻ǿ𣿣

һֹ۵㣬ڵ̨ʱ˳ȺʦҲһŪȥ

ңȥȥʲô
ûйֻ̨ϷѧϰйʦĸּܵʦͰͽŵ

վǰЦ꣺
ƾǵֱںʵʱΪҵĽ࣬Ӧñ˵ʱ˵ӣӦûϲʱֵӣ

ʦ

µ˵ʽһζԻ֮γˣ͸ִĵӾһڽŮǷֱʱʦǶһƣȻʼ˵ӣֳ֮һƬ֮ڽŮǻԳʱʦֻ鲻Խĵӡ

ȵ˺ʦҵˣһȺ˻ڳֲյӺͱʾЦӣǰرʺϡ̹١еĹ£Ŀࡣ

һȺһ̽Լҵĸˮƽһ߰Сƶ·ȥԭΪȥһ·һ·һ̫̫ƽƽͷһΪ˵Сǲǹ̫ܵϰŵгǲ̫ˣض˳˳صǡ

ȴ룬˳·ڰϿסˡ

׼ǰһаǵʱڵСͻȻӿ˴Ӱİա

˿ڵκʱģ˿ڵĴڷǽڵȻǲģܿ죬׼ǵһ˾ʹ֪˵Ŀе֪һȫ񶼲ֻŵϢ

Ƿ˱صİˡ
Ѿ˰ˣ͢ѾյϢڽĴǰȥѹΪλҰյȶٷһֱûж⹫ϢҲһֱӵ֪˵ټŴӵ֪Ŀе֪Ϣ

һĳǣǲͬǡǽĿʵ۵ͳһµʱһٴģڽ֮ġ

Ȼʵۺĳ͢Ϊ˽طɫʶ࣬ԵصȨζû̫ĸ棬Щ⸳˰ص֪֪ǰģû´һҪ󵱵ʲôʥּһֱһǰǰΰ֪ϲţ͢˳һλµ֪ؽӹܵصĲ

ȴû뵽λ֪β꣬Ǿͷ˱صİɱ֪ɱפͷĿռסǣΪ

ΪΣ
Ҳһ±ƣĺƽհҵҲûʲôִѣö˶˵İûκԤ׾ˣǸʲô
Ҫиɰɣ
ٲҲиͷĿɣ
˭ôɵ˰ʱң

֪ҧгݵػشǰ

ԭǰҳԱȫĻʵ۱¸ɱˣĻʵ۱ͣΪ˱ѪǰĻʵ۾ͰһЩԼҸܵܵӤҴ̫뿪ʹ뿪³ǣӵȥ

ǾһλǰĳүҵСӱĵط

ǰΰ֪ǸɵˣнĻʵ۽ǰһҶɱ˵˼ҵĺӵԼĺʮȥˣĺӳ˸ж꣬ټǰ֪ǰѻһӵֶλǰСӵ

жҪ򽪹Ļʵ۸

߾ǰҵĴ죬ó͢һ֪бͲţڰΪ

󽫾ѾʱǰƽңƶСɾȥҪİڳǵ֪һǡ

һżȻǰİôңﻹҪȥأʹƽҽ֮ٳˣ

Ȼ֪˸Уϳȥǡ

˵ţһʥּ³һţ֣صؽţʾŴ򿪿

ŽӹţŷϵǶСӣΪΪԼһȥ꣬С˾дţһдŵĲǶСӣǵ̫ӣϸһ˵ݣȻдŵ̫ӣȻǻʵ۱µĿ

ʵ۱˵

Ҫȥһ˰ǡ

ȥ

ȥƽѡ

ſţƽؽպãķ˻𡪡

ʥү




69.  ʮ   ѻ&ս

, ʵ֮Իʱ뵽ţȻûɵģ˵, , ʵԼܡ

ôŵͻʵ״μ棬һ½ʥ˲˵ʥ˺ı翪ʼ˵

ŵΪ˸ѧһǿĿɽ˱ֽͱһУΪʥͬ⵱ĺ֧챨Ȱ˵ʥ˵ʱѴý󵽲ҪҪģ˵˱ֽ, ܹﳯ͢ĵʥ˵ĺãܹٽгȶ, , , սϣֽĴڻǿսԷսʮսߡ

һ仰, ûʵڰҵʱ
ǡôʱָպھ밲ǲԶĵطǡðǵʺ϶̫֮鶯֮, ָ˽ĹԱʹѹҵĽ֮, ʵ۾֧ﻹЩʲô

һĹٿ԰õصξϵͳЩָ棻
һٿԱ֤ȨǸСǰСӣȡ, ѹ
ǻȱһֹͣ˱Ϊȴûֹͣ˼İհ

ǰ͢ʥľһ˰һø߰ȴʱȺ˵طһ˳, ΪΪܱĳ֣ǿһõѡ񡪡

ΪʲôƿġΪ͢޸Сӷŵȥһأ
˵ԼսҲи

žյš

ʥϵʮ֮ͰĿлʼƽ׽˵ʡܸؽйذǵľȻһϣŵ˰֮飬Эǽ֪ȶԼĶ־ȡ볯ܾ͢õĵ볯͢ʽϽ֮еһϵſɵ񣬲ʾȨѡȥ߲ȥ

ţ

Ϊµ㶼Ѿѻ˵ˣʱʵ۱˵ڵĻǽԾʥּ߼ܹܾ𣿣

Ҿܾ˻صǴʥүĽ𹿰Һ٣

ҪȥǵĲҡ

Ž֪˱ʾԸӳгһ֧黤֮͡ѡع֮սеİǣűϱʾԼм˵ҹŴ󲿶Ӧ͢ĺٵȥȻҹصջͿʼװ

Цսս
İԼŪԼҵСͽܸڶͷ˿ӼװԼһװһ߻Ǽͽܡ

˱ô̵ʱ˭õ˭ʱһ˼䵽ң˸ŵСһĶһСʱǾͼʦѧǰҵһ𣿣

һȺСͽʦҡͷ

֮۾ϣϵǰս˵ȫߣҲΥʥ˵˼ҲܱסԼСһٶ𣿡

ͽܵͷ

ŵõԼҪĴ𰸣ڿջĴװͬеСʼйذǱ顣

񵱳Ϣʱһʱ¶ķӦһŸԼͬеС鰲Ƿ֮󣬴ҵĵһӦҲš

̫ƽϰյӹñȵǰʱô࣬ô˷Ҫǰأͽ׷״λڸƽʱֳӵǰûʲôøС

һĻʵ۵ҺȻʱд֣͢һֱδԼµİգǶӽ£ڵʵۺͳ֪͢ҲطİҪһЩȻ֪Ļʵۺͳ͢ǶõĻʵۺͳ͢û˻һ˭֪ܻʲôɫ

ǰҵĻȺǲŵģ

ΪǴҵѾĳ͢ϢϢˣ

˽ѧĿɽ˭
ǵĿɽǵʥϺͳ͢

뿴ѧǵıﻹг͢Ĺɷڣܱų͢ϢȡͨĿƾϰ⼯ǳ͢ϴ˱дģסⱾ־ûһȵĴ󻷾óȥټ˵׬ǮǰҲǵصϰǮܸĻҵˡ

һ룬ɲ˭Ҷҡʵ۱ºͳ͢ͳΣǾڸǵľ𣿣
Ǯͬɱ˸ĸǰСӰ˾ҪȺѧİǵʮ˴ڳʬˣ̣

йϣǸڰǵʺǰþ͸ˣ

һͲˣϸµЩȱ¶ŶôվҲ±˳Ц𣿡ϴԳ秵

ⰲǵİնɵ𣿵ӹò׹úˣж¾˾ȻҪ֣Сһĺɸ֡

ͽܺͽ˶Գ˫ɣһߣΪ˵ҪһԱĸҶһԼ԰Ǹ̬ȣǵԼҲѾǽѧǵһԱˣԺĶͬ£ҪȺԭ͵

񽪳¡ʥӣǰǵСôӽͲһͷ𣿣

Թ˳߲ҿⳡңò˶þͻ

䣬ƽڴװ۾뵽ԼλԴġѻ족ܣһ˲˸㷭Ӵʼ·ЬӣѶͷϵӶһߵˮʼߺʰ׼

ʦҪȥ

ȥ
ŵЦЦ
Ȼȥƽң

ѻ족˵ⳡҰǱ䣬ڰǵǰӻᱻһʲô
ȻһӮ֮սȻҪȥѽ

ôţڶ죬žϵڳǵ֪͵Ŀ¡һӻӵĻ£ŽѧһС飬սǰ




70.  ʮ   

ߴҪȥս̵ս, ȻҲû˵ԼϹ롣

ս飬ʵǺܶ·ġ

ǰ˶ٵĳҵĴԽС˵, ưԵǶǴսսһɳģǻǿǡɱĳʷͷĿ, ƾָսϻȻһ죬ֻԼǰѧı³ΪˣõжʱڵĽѡ

ڣ
ڲĽС˵Щˣ
ҲƾսϵĹͳΪ߸˧ӭȢ׸۷ˣ

ȻҲ֪Լһ㴫ýתȦȥս̸̻ظʲôܱûкðԽ, ǵȵһչԼΪµʱˣ

ԼǺܺõģ֮ǰȥǺսϵ, ʱһҪǱʸɱ⴩Խǰ״ԽѻĶ, ֪ΰǵҷʲô, һʻõȵ£

ȻΪִˣ̣ǾѵǾģʲô߷, ʲôʮƣҲǶġЩִûʲôõĶڹŴǶĲ˵鰡ûôഩԽǾǿЩɾͻԻ͵

ôһ, һΰǵȻǰŵһ

Ӵ

һҪȥһ, ʵأ

ʵ֧黹ûǰ, ·Ͼͱ󽫾һ͵Ӫʹʱ׼ְĳ֪͢ˡ

Ҽҽ˵ˣǶˣͨսҲ, ʥ˵Ҫæ̣ԾΪڱŵʱҲһֱչˣʥΪҼҽȻôˡ

ģ˴Ƴǻһյ·̣԰ȫȴƳǾͽһǣ͢㱨ʱ˵һ֣

󽫾СӳȻǸ˵ˣҲ֪ЩԼĻǾľʦ̵ģ˵һһ׵ģ˵öøһĽѧǵС˶˳òˡ

˵ֲרҵ̵ģʥ˱սиʲô¶Һǵ졶ܱͳ͢Źϵò˵λ󽫾ǻλ󽫾רã־ϳרڣȻǿɲõǰȥͷˣ

һ룬λСǧлܹս̫ˣ

սչֵţ
һ·ϻô࣬ʲôûϣǵ밡ô˰

˶ܸˣΨһЩԼʧȥΡ

ȻҲûܳãΪǱȫľӪֻһȺˣŴĽѧǵСפһ֧С⣬͢׼Ȱҽܰǵ֪һҲ

֪Ǻͷ󽫾һİǣȵ֮󣬷󽫾ͰԼϤĹٰӪԼŴ󲿶ȥΧǵͽȥˡʥдŸҪȥƽҵ飬Լһ˳ضϽѧǺһСһ͢ȻּλĹǵ֪Ҳľɵһ

ȥطθ֪仹ǰĵطʦү߰˸ô鴦ù𣿻ԺڣʮڴܰټͯҶѾߣϼҵ檺͸ĸûøĶˣһס˺üÿææ

æʲô
Ҳܺ˼ҽæɶ
ⰲǻڴ򹥳սأǰ²Ҫλ˲ģʲôæģ

һ֪˼Ϊպ׼ء

ûʶһ̾͵Ľ߻᲻䣬һֱӵѻ켼ܵ˵ĲŰɶڳ͢ڳеĹԱƽᳵ·˺

Ȼ⼸ҺܰȣǰЩҵҲܶѽǸʱǳ͢ԣٷϴˣҲȻѹ˸صң̩񰲡ԣѹǼֱǷַӵ飡

λΰ֪ڵǹһ²ûܡװԥ෴ܻ

ڶӵʥּʱͿʼͨϵѳ͢Լǰйذǵļȫ˳󳵵鼮ͳͳ˹ںͼʦүЩƶһϵе˰֮󰲸նٰũҪеļƻһ߽ϢֱӾͰ˸סˡ

һֱڰϺһףڶʱԵһͬΪǰ£ң

򵥸һ£֪仰˼ǣҲ֪鶼ɲñϾ㲻רҵҲûָ飬֪ı¿ģ㵽˰֮󷢻ڶǵıðǵİսܳ͢Ĺưĵ񣬺òã

òã
˵ˣټҲˣʥ˵ĶڣžںͷҲֻ˵ð

֪о仰ȷʵ˵ˣҪȥһһץϹҪһطģôҷǰһų͢ʥˡ¶涮

뵽¶˸ĪЦݡ

ǸһĻֻðǵİոܵ͢ĹԺʥ˶ǵİô

ִòҪ̫Ŷ

˵ײҪ߰ǵϰգ͢Ϊ˶ٵ飬жãδų͢ʥ˸ĵ·߻ô

ҪﵽĿģʲôȴõأ




ǰִÿϦȫСῴһᣬǸϰջݵʽ㱨½һϵı仯͹ΪնЩ飬Ŀʽֶ˵һʱҲܰյĻӭ

ȻŴԽǼ꣬ԽԽܴˣɷϵǣĽĿʽܵϰյĻӭŵŴҲܰѴһӡ

ֻǹŴĵƹִĿϵЧ϶죬žŰĳᣬͶһЩڽµķչԼϰڳ͢ͳ¹Ŷõ

ԽԽԼ뷨ãĿֶһҲͳˣǰСѧʱɶʽɶûܴһݣҪ˵ˡ

뵽һģд󶨣˼ҽдᣬ񴺽ֲˣټֻ᲻ֻһΣΪȫǵİ֪Ҫü֣ʱͽнѧˣ

ѧᣬǳ˵㣬ǼȸǵİӴ˹֪ͳ͢ҪһúֲΪ

һܶĿ꣬ҲԹ԰ˣܿټ˿ʼֽ˰ҪЩʲôʼ˷乤

׼ʱڽʱһпڰڸ̨ôˣҪƯ㾫µ㣬עĿ㡣

˵ĳ룬ԼĻ˱ʾǿ߳ŭëʽԼҴͽȥزõ⡪

˭ֻửQдʵĶһ츳ûУ

˵ˣǮ⣬ͷתԼС塣

ĿһȻͷ϶źǽѧǳһһ㣬Աݵķװ߰ΰ̰ȥʣҪݺüأһû˼ҿǵʵˣ˵ˡ
˼ɣҺ˵˾˴ˣ

Ų˲ǲڵĺգС֮󣬿ʼйؽĿ顣

ĿǱضҪģǽΨһһλ֣д裬ű˱ݳ׸Ҳ޶ˣǸ̳͢ʥ˸õ

ȻҲ֪ô̵ʱҪ˼дΪˣûϵѾ׼һִרŸ̵쵼˵ĸ͵Ҹʱĸĸʳһ˼ˡ

ճǿ϶еģݸʵʽдȴûʲô⡣

㳪һӲ˿дˮ𡱣ʦдȫһɳһʲô⣿
һⶼûУ

趨ûһǵصСͿˣֻһ롣

ĿˣĿȴǴ

Ҫ˵ִÿʲô
žóӼСƷ

ӼһʱҲҲʵѡСƷֻҪҵʵ˵ѡһܳɡ

뵽ѡ̲סͿԼͽ֮һԴӸձһֱĬʮֶֻһֵĶͽܺͽܡ

ͽܺͽܶǮһǮ࣬һǮ࣬һݸ߸ߣһָ߸ߣ˴Ӹյŵͽܿʼ͹ϵܺãǰ껹ر۸СĺС壬Ƥϲ໥뵽СƷڿڲźͶӵĸҪ˼һԼͽ¶һŵЦݣֵ

϶ѽʦҪ̸ǣرʺ

СƷûȤ˽һ£




71.  ʮһ   ׼&

ŻĻ˵, СƷҲ˽⣬ĶͽܺͽܱǷǳϲˣƤӵˣСƷûʲô뷨, ȴʮ, ʦŸ˰ʱİӵĿΣ˾ͿʼԼĥҲʾСƷ˲ҲԸϣСƷľ籾д

һ, 籾дûϵѽôʫĹأһѽ

СƷĹŴУǱȻ̵Ŀ̨ݳС籾, Լô, и츳õġ



֮Ҫ鲢, Ľѧǿʼ

ǵҪдҪдСƷĻдӣݶҪ밲ǺͰǵİЩĿǰ԰ǵһĨڣŲòƤһסһӪİǻδε֪, йذǵЩʷءĻкͽڵͳƣЩÿ궼м¼͵ģ

ƺΪܱĴڣڳΪٵĹԱƺܵĶԽѧԴøжȡ

һֱʶҪ˽ⰲǵʷλ֪˲⣬һ飨ʦүŶǣѾйذǵ鼮ȫ, ĵذʦүÿһݲϵĹؼϢҲһ, ԭһϲ֪ӺֵĽЩͷ, ֪ôˡ

֪ڰѶͬʱĵرʾüŻ֪󽫾ҪʲôʱܰѰǸء

˵͢ıʵԶһССİ, ڳ͢ٹǾԼҵģܲΪƽҾͰԼҸҵϡðɣ

Ҳ÷󽫾ڹǵʱ򲻵ţ˼ٶȡ

Щ򡣡֪ĵ

ЦЦ˿󳵵򣬵ͷ룬ʾԼڰ֮ڰ껹˵ġ

֪ϵͷʵĵײΪ⡪

ع֮ȷʵˢӣôԼϸѡʦүҹЪҲҪһ²ܰѶ꣬عֵ֮²һȺں֮ڣԼôһ֧Ҫڰڰ󳵵Ķ껹

ôܣ

űʾ⻹ǿܵġ
Ϊֹǿȶǽѧǵ˶ԣëëòã

һ˹ͬЧʵͬһ£ҵ죡

סӪ˺͸Ű֪Ŀ֪࣬ʶӿɱ֪Ķһֹ

䵱˵СΪ˸еǼԼʦԼһ֧ɿĻŶӣһѱڣʣµĲҲáױʦҲáʦҲãŶҲãһɶʶģ

ȻʱǲܹΪˣɷϣǳ޷дһƪϺõ¡޷ʫ֮⣬ּ򵥵ĹдܽɶϣǵļܵһǵģСһⶼûУ

˶ǶˣǸŻ̽סһ·Ŵһ𷵻ؾǵԭǽѧǵСҵ͸˵ˡ

һܱҪһͨѶѡҪϸһݱֽæµģҲųı༭һͶѡǩԼߵĻҪ˵ճǻΪ쵼ԣţһ˼ͼӰӵɻϽȡ

æĹ˵͸ԷһƽҪ˵εĹֻҪĶؼϢǰҪĶϢҪдֱżҪͻ¼¶Ƕӡ

óµС£Լһ·СֳСŶӣٰѽѧǴӼ󲿶һضǵԱǰڸ֮УȻ󳵵ƽֳݣһСһݻȥԼ뷨ܽɰǵϢ

ϴ·ǽѧù˵ĴͳԱСвʧ飬ܿͰԼڵСŶһȺ˸ϵһ

СϷĻóɱﵣˣһ·ϵı֮ѡˡһ£ԭĵΪŴսıԹҲáھӪļҲãиȫûˡ

˰

ְҵȻԼǰִľ׫ģڴ֮ǰ֪ʲôǾˣ˵ְʲôܲסְһԾԾӵС尡

˼С壬ֱ׳ǽѧǵҡǮ飬ˡˡͱˣȨ˵ճҲǵصĴ˴ţ̸СλҲӡ

Ӱ
ͷһƽͷϰһӶһӵģ
ɴ˿ɼ⾭Ƕôֶôõһݹ

Ž˭ְн

о֡лͬǰͷСǸܲŵ£ԭΪսҲ쵼ƽǸѹİ»ָյˮƽܿͿʼŶŶ֮ľ

ΪСҪ󲻽ٶȣҪ֧нʾ֭Ҫɵֺֿá

еĶɴŶļ˰Լóһְղͬ࣬óݹĵľרſݣóʷľרſʷ˵Ȼһʼٶȴߣԣ

еĶ˷ֹרŰ鼮йذһҳģרĶģרëټǺģһ׳ſֻرǰαѧ֡ˮҵ

ȻСƹ˵ǻ۰һʲôܱƳ_(:١)_

һȺ˼ѪһӰӵ㣬ԱһֱŶָԱôԼĹЧôܱ֤˯ܱ֤ʱ񣬹Ȼ£֪ŵ󳵵ͱԭģԭػ˻ȥ

յİ֪üͷ壬ܾع֮˱ضΪʡʱ䣬͵ˣ϶㿴ͻˡ

ƽ飬ҲûȥܣѧһȺҪ뵽ǵģ˷£һежΪʱ˵ʲôʲô£ǻҪȥ貹

ҲѹȺ˶鵱˹٣ֻܵڸѧǹ񫣡

һ뵽Լܻ֮Ҫǰˡƨɡ֪ԭԽѧǺع֮ĺøжһٽͻ㽵ֵ

ʱȴӻóһдֵֽڳһҪϥ̸ģ

ˣŶڿ˰ǵ֮ƶĵִﰲҪĸļƻǰϰյĸĸ٣Щ黹ҪĿָһ˲ߴͽ̡

֪һԭƶ뷨˲ԥˡ

ֻǷ£ع֮ôվǰҪƻ飿

֪ӹ˼ƻ飬Լ

дļƻݺ֪ڳпЩȫͬģŴļƻ鳣ݵ䣬еΪȻʷϳɹӣһҲ˵ţִܵĽ̵ԼͽܺСҲǰԼķȥ̣Խ˺ƻľҲ

ʡһƻҪдĿ˫йʶݣŵļƻͷֳǰ׼˰֮ҪЩԼԤƶʱܿЧ

е뷨һŵݣ¶ҵʹýҵ˽֪Ҳܹͨݼƻǵ뷨һµ˽⡣

ڼƻдĴ󲿷ʵڶ˵ģ¾Ͱݣ

һǶھٰѧᣨ飬ĿѾڰˣСƷ֮⣬ŻصдŸ밲ǱȽϽļУĸʲôĽһϷӣϣĽĿӷḻӶ󰲳ǵĹڣ

һڰһѧǷ硣

֮ǰҲᵽԭƻȥһ˴Ӷǳʱ򣬽ϱӦýѧǷģκ;֮ǰûǹ⣬ԽɽķŵĲ¿ĿˣԭһϷҪɵķֻˡ

ƻˣɵʱΪ˽׼ԴͰȴڡ

ŵ뷨ǣжͼƻڣʥ˵ĳŵҲҪģɴͳεɷ罨ˣʲô硢־硢磬ԷԽɽĹģʽС

һǿͨ˵ͱֽʽ򰲳ǰ͢ʥ˶ǵŴߺãҵķչùʲԷİǰյ濴ҲǵİյҪ֪Թ˿ǨƺͨǴٽںϵһأ

Ҳͨʥ˸Ȩд˿ӱ޼Ӽ͵˶ǺԽɽǿЩҪĶ˶˹

֪֪ƻܲܳɣϾ̸ֽĽ׶Σᵽйض԰ǰղܹܵĽɡĿѡԼõİЩ귢չݶԼʦүһһ£ɼ֮ǰɵع֮Ⱥڷµ뷨ȫġ

ϰɣ˼Ҳڷ£˼ҾЧʱ֪Ҫߣֵµ˸ɻȺʦүҪ죡

֪̾˿վղŻһ˲俴ع֮Ҿ

ƣ߾ɽ߾ªңڳ֮䣬ܼô鰡ؽйϡ

˵ˣҪСЩҰݵλˣΪļʶпܲҶЩȴǸʶҵ˰ԭ֮ǰĴֱɣһЧ֮ߵıɣ

ҲҾ

ˣ޽٣ѸԵĶ鶼һʼ˼ϰ칫໥ԼʣȻָԷ˵ԼΪеĽ취֪ŵ԰ǿֵܳ״˼ұ׷δ밲һոˡ

ŵӪסһ²ǰڴϢ

ǳڵѾѾӵ˳һɽռɽΪɽˡ

֪ͨź֪ϢǵǸ˵СС˵

ʥ˺ͳдǧǲҼҽеǣ˵һ˰ǵĳǽ˳ڵİգ

ⰲǵİձͶǳ͢ƫҲǵʱ˵޹İգȫǿɾͲճˣǱ˸ıΧڳ⽫ڿţһɽ·ǷȻǷǱסԼ첻ɽȥˣ

Ҽҽ˵γǰģֵֻܰҰһ飬ȷеķѾɽϣһ˼ɽϵɽˣڰǵ飬Ҫ˺

ź֪һΣѾûҲֻаûйԱ֯״̬£ǻ˵ã

ôһ룬ˣͼǸȥ

ڵҹִﰲǣŵ֪ʢס֪ĸۡڣ֪סˣһ˯ѣڶһžԼһƻ飬ʼΪٰڶ׼ˡ




72.  ʮ   &

Ϊǵʱҹ, ŴĴһûе·Ƶϰߣһֱڶ峿ţſǵȫò

ŵ뿪Ҳһ, һʱ, ҲǰѽӶǵϱĴжһ飬ƶĳУԽɽҲ͵ĳУӵĶǣΪҲǡ·м, һǾǸԣƶܿѻǰҵҲһ۾Ϳ͸ı졣

ԼҵСڰһȦ, ž͵ó˽ۡ

ⰲ, Ǳ֮ǰԽɽҪأ
̲סɻ, û

Խɽ֮ԭǵضɽ滷ɽ·ͨƶ񤲻ʺϸũҵҵ÷չ, ˽˳ȥûִѧӳ֣, ɰأ

ɽ, ˵ԽɽǾŷɽһ, Ǿķɽǵ·߲˵ڵĳǴǣصȻ˵ܺ, ܲסˣÿ갲ǵİõĲƽˣ

ƾĽϵϽĳˣŷȥǼҼһ·ϵİһƼݣÿһĽﶼ߲ܿİպؽֵؤ

üͷĵ²ۣ
һΰ֪Ǹʲô˺õȴôõһ֣

ǵ״ԽɽҪңĽѧǷҪô



ԼС飬ǰ֮ǰļƻȥǰڵ׼Ŵӵɻתȥ

ҪỹҪҸطѧǵķ磬һǵҵص֪ͨϵдҸõضΣȻΪ󽫾һʰ֪˷һӪסһ£֪ҲǳĪ֮ߵ̻Ҫߵģ˽ܲ֡

ŵţͼⶼѾæˣȫȻҹҵľ

ǵһ˵֮ǰǸպУԴ͢ӹܰǵ֪ǰλǰ֪˽صСɱ֮žû˰칫ˣеתƵλСԼĸۡȥ󽫾üıճԭļҲȫߣԣɻȫ֪ԼҴԼˡ

ŵ֪ҹõĸҶڶһò·ֱվŵֱ࣬ͦ۷Ź˱ԭΪǵ״Щű⼸ϵɾȾʱѹеǺɻ󣬳ǰļʱòͷȻȥ

˶ʶһ·ϣ˷׷׺ŴкȻָ֪˳Ŵһָ㣬˴ʱ鷿ĸεİ֪ˡ

һڷŭ֪ˡ
һŭֽֽƬķ֪ˡ
һһŴֽɫͣૡôҡôôɡ֪ˡ

һĻŶʱǿҵ
ҪװԼûתߣ
Ȼͱżһ̧ͷ֪˸_(:١)_

ڷŭе֪˲ûзԼСѵĴ㣬˫ֽСѵ־ͰԼԭ򶼵һȫ˵˳

֪һڣŶʱȻ˶Էŭĵ㡪˵ףǰƶ״ڵġ

ʵҲ⣬ϵ⺺˰ĲԾο֮е֪

֪֮ƶԭ򡪡

ȻһΣ㳯͢ɵһλξ֪֪µ

Ŵһĵ֪Ҫִᡢȫ̱гֻüֺ͹Һ۵ֹֻͬٿءҪԵ֪ģǿԼԼŬܹȥԼŬƶǺһ¡

ΰ֪ͬʱҲĺѣһΰ֪µ¸ֻҪط֪ûģƾŬб£·һ

ǰҲᵽ֮ǰ֪ǰġ
Ϊʱճ³ֻȶʱûбİ֪ĴͶ˽½ĳ͢òû߶Դطûлص֪ʮһֱ⵱صĸ˰ÿϱֺɽ˵ʱҲֲֲֿõģǰ޵ĶӡԼ衱ˡ

͢ԾԼļ£ȡرϻôõĺĸ𣿣
ŵǰѡжҵʮ˺

ǰǵİղжΪЩ͢µĵȫһ֪ˣ

˵ŵλߣƿڴԼƽ뵽˵Ĵʻ㶼ˣӣӣˣģĶ˵ĳĺ

ţʲô̫ԣ

˵ǵ顣

ǰΰ֪Ǹǰ֪ͨûɶ£ȽϸߣϵڰرõҲĵط˸֪ǰĴ̰ƺɫӣǰʱȺŰǵİգڽǱ䱾

ǰũҪ˰߳ɣֳʳũԼ߳Ͻңͨ˰ĳɣǸֱӲҪ˰˼ǰ֪˲ʲô˵ġ

˵µĳ͢˰ʱˣ˾ųɣʳųɶˣҲ䣬С䱾ʰҪҪϰջҪڳ͢ʥ˵ͷϰ

˵ǣ߰ųɵʳ֮ٺԡԼܿࡱӰ׵õľųʳһɷָѾƼݵİǣһ͵ǰСӳɺ󣬾ͳСӹƻĵһ

һǿɲǰѳ͢ܣǵŮ˵Լĸô֪˵仰ʱ۾Ǻġ

ˣٶԱ˰ڵļ¼ͳ͢ļ¼ٻ鱨飡û֣Ҫֻģ˾ͱ֣ǰǸҪб͢Ҫ˵Ҫ˷ˣ򰲳ǵİ˵ʥҪޣҪѼҼһ׳ȫˣ

ʱͺʣ;ѵûһǵİ߳絽濴һôֻ߾û˽﷢ô

֪ѸǵİնǰǨģڼȥ˭ѡԼȥټǰ֪ɢ涼ǻ˶ǲǻԣǾ͸ûԸȥˣ

ǽôؾ֮·ǹڱؾ֮·˹ؿԸͬ۵ľɽԸҪôתͷߣҪôǾ͵ظɱ

ǰλ֪֮ǰǸСӲŻôȲؾ𷴽Ĵ죬Ϊ

˼Ҳݷȥȴһõʱɵ϶֪ʱ̫ãʵûа취ˣֻҪ͢ɵ֪һλһ֪µѲƳԣǵİվ;һɣǵĺӾҪͷˣ

˼Ϊǿɱ˵εĳ͢ӹܴ˵صĹԱΪԼʱ䣬Űǰոһ˳͢óЩӰѹ֬еʮ֮һΪջͽʾ˫£մ֮ǰ֪İǰձҡǰΪĳɾ͡

֪ķҲʱ֣ǰȻжʵı滹ǺܿԵġ

ǰΪŰ׳ܵɽռɽΪ֮ΪȫǵİնԳ͢һɳӣټǶˡҵˡȳ͢ľǣ߱ضìܣǵİջṥӣҲضᱻ֮ǵľɱ

һû֪ǰ֪ʮʲôĻѣۿ˲İǰҲء

ļƻ
ǰǸ̵Ļʵͳ£ּƻһܹɹ

ɼܲסεĻʵۺͳ͢ӣ

ǰӡķôҲ벻󽫾ȷİն޸֮޺֮˼Ҹֵİǰգ׷ﷴƨɴ

ԭӦô¹ѻ֪Ҳûмȥ׷ǰձһ£һ˼Űǵľ⣬һӾͰǲµľָˣ

µ̯Ҫȥʰ

ڷǰҪҪǰնԳ͢ĵӣ֪ԼǱƭˣǲͨУӱٵİţ

ŵͷ֪ȻǲģһµҪԡ
ǲܾǰնԳ͢ĵӣҵǱס

һֵ͢ĹԱǱǰǸ֡͢˶ʲôöǸɵɸŪģѱõİǰ֮л᲻ѧҲôɵѽ

һ룬ʱ˶ˣ
ֻӵѻ켼ܵ˷Ľ֣ȴ˼ѻû˵ܻŻصͰǸæʾ֭ԼôһǵİնԳ͢ĵӣ

֪ʣǸʲôʱʼ
ԭƻ̨ݵģ룬ݳʵҲͦãѧ֪ģ̨ͬãͿʼ




73.  ʮ   &

Ȼ˵õ, Ǿ졣

ں֪йؽɰյ֮󣬵õ˲пǿʹȨͿſȨżҴҷԼڽסĸۡʼСǶ

һ, ŴС鶫ƴҵ㹻ľ, ҹһªٰ̨ǰյΧۡ

ڶ죬Ǹª̨֧˸ڶһŵɫĻ
ĸ϶˰ǰϲġҸᡱ

죬ľͷ̨һˢɫ, ⱻǰ֪ǰӻ˼ʮİһĨ۵ɫ

ǰ̨ã˵, žͰ˷ֳ, ʼؼ

һ, õصϰһѲ֪ڽЩʲôĶſΧСǳŵһͶ룡Ҫ㹻İǵݳ

ĽѧСס

ǰߣ𳪸ʾֻдһ׸, ʵҪ׸裬ͽͽҲʾǻĽ׶Σ, ôѶӺͰ͢ʥ˽һ, ǲûͷ

ʣµڼƻаŵ赸ҲáɫĿҲáСƷҲ, Ϊʱִ̫٣޷ڽе赸ŶҲ޷ӵҵصġš޷ô̵ʱҵʵСƷԱƻò̥С

ǰͼֱǰҲ˾ССűʾЩ¶

ݳͽ, ʱ䣬㹻Ҹһ򵥵ˡ

ֻҪҪߵǸˮƽѱ׼ڰ༶Ǹˮ׼žһŪġ

ǰߵⱻԼаˣҲʲôƲ

뵱ذյĽӴҶԸоذնЩ˵ų⡣

Ϊǰ֪˰ǰնԳ͢ĵӣΰ֪ڰǰնĵû֮ǰһֱ칫֮ǰ֪ûдЩ飬ҲʱȫȽҪԼ½ĺѴﲻҪҶҪ뿪ߣ֪ȫõϵͬʱҲζ޷ϵõٸһ֧֡

ǲ֮ǰһ֪ҲĹ¡֪ƼȱǵĽĿ͸¶һ֪йѶϢʹõĹٸ·ġ֤ʱҲҪزغòܱǵİտ

ټĿǰڰǣеǮĺܿܶǰ֪ͬ۵˺͸֪ĥ͵ŰȨǣȻҲܽȺ˵ͷȥᡭ

ǹõ·Ǻã

գ޵ӲΪҵ츳СųһǶԾ˵Թء

СȻʦһʸˡ
¸ͺͷòã

ǰԼʦ·ߣʦ˵һ˼·Ȼ͸Ĳһʦһ仰˦ֲԼȥĿӺ֣

ʱ䲻ˣһ뵽ݳҪʼʱ̨һڶûУ⼸Ĺȫ׷ˣѹһںĹŶһʱҲû£ӲͷƤȥԼҹӸʦȻõԼʦһǶǵĻ

ܹƵذķģضǵˡ

СԼʦ仰ã˯ж仰ڣڵ峿ҵͻƿڣ




մӼ߳׸ļʣʳеһ˾˼ҿȥҪȥѾľ˾˼ʳȰѾ˾˼ҵʳ֮Զ·˲пڣǵŽſ̨ȺˣȻĴ£ȷûע⵽֮Ž͵͵̨ܵĺ󷽡

̨ĺ󷽣ۼ˺ͲļС飬ŮŮССССһߺŲ裬һ߹ɵСϡ

գˣ
Ͳˣ
ʲôڴӼӳģ


СǷ׷ױ˶ԽյĻӭóһλøºһǲͬнӹԼһ衣

ͷһˮغһǰԼΥԸСĽˡ

İˣʮˣΪӪֻʮģȻãѾ֪ˣҪ֪Ǽĸӣͷ磬ȫСһ߸أôˣȴֻôʳĸ˶ܻ죬Ѿڱˡ

ҲΪԭ򣬽ȫҶǰ֪˳Ÿм֮顣

յ̾ͺͽ˵Ǹյ֪˰ʮ˰ŵʱǼֱȫСֻһɵʳԵñ

ﵱʱѸճ͸˼ˣȴʱ֪˵ҪˣǷʳΪռкֶ෢һʳȫܹȫȫŵػ죡

Ϊ˻ر֪˶ǵĶ飬յ֪µľӣֶ֪ǰ಻ĳ͢
ڰⲻԶɽϣȴʱ㷴ǣǴӳ͢ˮȵͳ֮½ȳ

еİնһ㵽

֮ǰҲôģȴЩҡˡ

һеĸı䶼ΪǰӶǸȤ¡Ҳͬڰǵкӷ쳣˧ꡪС塣

Сǽǰʶ꣬Ǹʱں̲ϴȫ˵·ǱǸһ̳ǰһֵ·˵

ãҽС壬ոǡ

㿴пǸϷ̨ǸǼŪģ

ҪҪ̨ϱأ㵽ʱ𣿡

˵пվͻ̫ˣþûôĳĺùˣ

˵֪ҼʲôģҸ㽲ѽҸ㽲ϼҵĹ°ɣԴСһ

Цʵ̫иȾˣڱ·ϴһ뻹ҪˮϴĽκ̯˼һԼңһֱߵſڲԼ·ûϴ꣬ԼӦСҪСȥµ顣

ʵǰǰյ£ȻձûʲôģΪ˵Ҳһˮ֮УϾӦ˼ңǴżƽʱúõݼҵĺȥˡ

ֻǴӦһ£ȴ˼С׼ã׼˲ˮ˵Ĵǽ£һԭӦһµڰСٲ붯ˣ˫۶ǸСˣ˫Сǽ¡

һ£Сҽܣ˵Լǽģһ󽭣Ϊסĵطܽ͸ɴסĳˣĹ¶ǷڽϵĹ¡

Ϊҽܣûʲô۶İǺӾԼСĸ׽ҲԸˡ

˵ǽʵС彲Ĺ·ڶǣֻΪۺͳ͢һڰǸĴʻ㣬СɴѹµķصŲ˽˼ҰǵĺӴСû뿪ǣʶ㣬ԼĻԱ𴩡

ͷ˼һ֯һԣСͿʼ˽Լڶǣ˵ǽˡ

Сͽ潲ˮƽģΪ˼ҰѸľں˴򽻵Լôһ棬ʹˣŵҲǰѽµĻ۲ȫ̸ģֻڶǾǸ˵ˣڰǣֱ򰲳еİպòã

ټС屾˵ĹʵҲǼдɫʵģֻǴûʦŵĸ߶ѡȻ룬һѵڤڤ֮бʦѡУѧϰּգʶвŻˣɲŶһ棬ĳС˵Ҳһǰ

±ͺãС彲ҲˣСʱ䣬ԭֻǿڽϷµһȺС̵꣬Ϊµ˹СԼ˰ȫС壬ԣ˼ҲСˣС硣

С磬
С磬أɶ
غأСŽѽ

Сһãʾ֪Σ»طֽ⡱Ȼ˳˰һԼʦԼղڹֵˡ

СĹСʦһдŻʹĵˣ߷ڣó¡

ֻҪʦǸϷ̨һÿڣǵİˣȫҪ̨ʦ˵أ
˼Ҵ˼ҳһʦȥ˵飬ʦȥ

һǵǣʦҲ̨СأǵʱһҪȻɾͿ

һӢСʦ˵飬һҪһӦڵڶ˸СΰС署¡

ʱСͿԼĹ£ǴĺȫɵԼĶ֮УõǱضĳŵ˵ͨǵϢҲ˳ﵽǵĶ

ʦ˵ܹƵذķģضǵˡЩǶŮĿеõϢҲһİɣ

СȫȻ֪Ϊ⣬ЩµĺϻصҾͰЩȫתǵĵүү̣ȫҵ˼

˺ͺӵ˼Ƕǲһġ

յעȫ˧ֳӢŵСϣ̺˹֮ȴעڳ͢Ÿϡ

ǹյĳ͢Ȼ˰ΪǷһˮǵѩôأô෿ݣô͢ǵ˰

Ȼⷿ񡭡

һ׮׮һôô֪ĳ͢ɵ鰡
Ҳ̫Що˭⣿
ǽµǸ˿ʣǵ֪ģ

żૣΪֱӽӴСˣóôÿСѣ˵Ѷʲôôѵܶ׬Ǯô

ԴĵվһңԣӦ˵ǵİǣ²Ǳǰ֪ƭˣ

ǱϾľˣȻôţȴҲԼ뷨˵ڣֻǴȥСÿĹ£Լ뵽СڵǸԼڽӸжù



ȵҪĵڰ죬ſõĽѧŵָ½һֵȰǼҼһ򿪴֮˱ǫֻ̈̄һǰŶ컨վ̨ߺ밲ǵİۿݡ

ͬʱСҲɳԼֵµĹŶӣܵͬĽֵϴϢ

ʱСԼĴǵĺǰڣȫϷ̨·ڰڷŵСϣԭĲпڶʱֿˡ

ֵһǰѰҼﺢӵļҳҲ˲пڣԭֻҺӻؼҵĵ岮һῴһҪǮԥƬ̣Ҳûס㿴һݵòþʹӻȥ

ԭҲ类֪˵ֶˣǾҪҲû֣ڼҲ£￴Ⱥ˵ôҪ

һȽĿһ
һ˾Ҳûվ




74.  ʮ   Ӹ&ᡭ

ﱾŮյġ

ΪȫμѾɽ, δ߾ֻʣôһŮԽյĹעȿ˵ǿǰ, ҲΪ, ⼸СŮǸСɾ⡢Բп̨Ϸڴȫ

תĹýȫҶЩ۶ҡĽŹǸֻҪŬܹȥܹԺȲʳǵ˹ҲĹķͬһʱεһĳ

ͬڽȫͬѡʱѡֵҲ׽С壬Спɰĳ͢ĹҲģȫڰס˺ü, ǰ񳯣֪ٴʵ۶ٸ͢, ڵĳ͢͹Ա, ų͢ʥ˻ӹ޵һ֪ǸˮĹԱ

Ͼ, ֻ˵٣ɴû˵ĳ͢ģ

ǸԼŮ˸ôߵڰ׹µС屻˸ƭӡĴźСһһ˶϶ǡϲ󻵵

Եһ緢Ů˵ʱܿʶԼŮȥпǸϷ̨ȥϷȥ, ȻҲٽϵ飬ҴҸϵпڣԼҹŮץȥ

ɲԼҹŮƭӺ;ϲ󻵵Ÿˣ

ܵ˲п, ȴ̵ֱĲпڽ˳ӿ, һкͻ, һĽһһ㶵ģûȺҵԼСֻŮͱ˳֮еڸ˳

䱻һקסתͷһ, Ǹˡ

ѽⲻǽ𣡡סǽҶھӣǼҲиŮͽúܺãжСﵱԼϱ˼ǼƺҲ뷨ߵúܽ

ھӽŵҲ𣿡

᣿
˵Ϸ̨ϵı

ﲻʲôᣬȺ˴ĴʣȻǰǼλھӶӦã˵Ƕ᱾ʮϲȻôô׵ؾ˵Ļأ

ᡭôÿ

ھھӼҵСҲԤĶϱС۾øһЦС

ܺÿģղŻһ׽ĸأҪҪһ𿴣

Сһ飬е̼˸λǷӦ˰һʱûüܾĽԭܵĽﲻòδ׼ҺδϱӲͷƤվ˽ǵģΪϷ̫࣬Ƕվŵģ

δϱδ׼ĸѡĵطǺܺõģȻϷ̨ôһξ룬ǰҲǲȺΪǰȫӪ˸ӶߣѡǲȺ֮еİݴֱǰҰĺãԺ赲ؿϷ̨֮Ⱥ˵ıݣҲϷ̨Ⱥ˵

Ϳһݡ

Ťš

ȿһδ׼ĸδϱ㹻֮ͰŮקؼҡ
ԣ

ԼҪʲôĽʱͷרĵؿϷ̨֮ϵıݡ

ʱǡ˱Ļøֻ佱һŰװˡи質ˮĸ֮˵µĽĿ

СƷ˰

СƷ
СƷʲô
ǸнĹطôôϡŹֵĶ
ЩҪƭŮɣһ˵ǮѾ͢ˣһǮûˣ

裬ȻŸ¶ų飬̨ߵ̨ϵһһŮʱϵĿܶʱͽסˣһһŮһڣѾǿܣǶݡ

ΪǸʵ̫Ϥˡ

ǼÿεҪ˰ʱĳ




˰СƷԲٵģοǰô괺ĸ·СƷҪ̳͢ʥ˵ĺԼѰǳ˯İǣŵĵһСƷĿ۽ðǰͷ۵˰ϡ

СƷصʽȽɣһЩƴڻЦƬԴﵽĹ۵ĿģȳøֱۣҲױ⡣

ΪдСƷó޵ʱװԼǸǵİգǵĽǽ뵱صİսǵıԹǵޣ˿ҵܻԹ޵ص㡣

̨ݵһһŮʵŵĶͽܺͽܣͷݵԱңԸͷ¶׿׹վڴǰݵŮԱ͸ң֮£žͰͽ֮гñȽϿĶͽܳ˸СɣͽˡС

Ůϵܱȷ

ԭΪִϷһܲЦǹڷڷǱϾʦֵܣʦʦֵĵЩȴͽܺͽܲԴ츳͸Ц츳ĽѧڶСƷϲԱһϸ׼õ·Ϸ졢һʮŻأ̨ʻǲסûһЦݲȥģΪʦ̲ס̾

ͽǹŴһңͽܺͽǹŴ׶ϲԱͽǹŴһΣͽͷһǾˡ

ôͽһһհ
ô˭ǴԽģ˭ǵľ籾

ԹϷ̨֮ϣɶͽаŮװͽһݵϷ

ΪðǵİնСƷܹдСͬܣڹµǰҪݵķװ˹صؽ˰ǰճ򲹶·صظ˻һɾȴǵױݣֻһԭֵ˲˹ĳ֮С

СƷĹ·ʢͽʱΡ

ʱʢոսҰյͳΣӳĽʵڶǵǻĵһ죬ȴһʮĺ֣ׯڵգ˳ü

ȻûȴĴ취ȹⳡ֣ε֪˽ˣ߳С˻ʰ񣬰ӵ֪֪ͨ˻Сλ峤ʹ׼

һ֪ͨİոˡ

꣬ŵСûÿһǵ֪ͨǽ˰һһϼһ£ýҲˡ

Ǻã
ǽ֣ʳү

СɺڽĴСȥ磬ΪûôСûԹһٱһ굽ͷֻйʱܳһ⣬֮Թ׾ݣʵǿ˰ġ

Сʢǰʱÿ˰ʱ飺

⾰õʱһСսƤ˰ʡŵԣܰһ꣬ꡭŮӶʳⶼƽ¶үү̾Լ˼ۣӲԼģҲΪʡһʳǸŮԼ᲻óԣԼһ֣ԼĶԣʳô

С˵һʱ£ѹֿһλͥΪ˰ʳԵµֱȫ˳

̨ϵϵ޵ңűͷɢңվ̨һʧܵɷһʧܵĶӺһʧܵĸף̨£ǵİҲſ޵ҡ

˭Ҳ˰

ڻС˵Щ˵ľǰһû

̨¿޵ףȻŮڣͷϹҲȱҾͺСɼһСһ׾ͶˣүүҲϵɱһԼٿһվ̨ͤͤСɣ㱣̨ϵĲʲôˣǾҵһˣڿģԼĹ°

ͬһİǰ̨£˫סͿԼΪʳˣүү̡ס㡢СáСܡ

СΪδСһվοԼĵ

ʢǸʵͷϵ컻һҲʵֺ֪ǽôʳأ

Сɵĵ̷ĶѾͷôã컻ˣѵͲ׹ηˣѵׯھÿ¶ˣ

̨µĹںص˵ͷ

̨ϣСɵĵĸҪǮԽҪԽٲԽҪԽģ͸㣬ѻһڣһֻһֻڣ
˵С̨¹ڻŹڵķͳɤʵ˵ǲ

̨¹ͷһؼֻʽıݣΪʸеĪ˷ܣΪС˵ϰյ׷װԼԳ͢˰ƶȵĲйɾһһĺ죺

ǣ
ɶ˵öԣʵ۾ÿһö
ѾͷɵˣĻ

Сһʱ޷ֱţһŮУų́һ顣

СǶ̨¹ڵֱ֧ʾлȻһγüչ
ûʳǹүҪѵץȥҲˣ͵СʱۼҵĶͿãƯŮҪؼҵС檰һûɶҪǿ˹Ůİһذ

Сɵɴ۾⣬ôܣ

ûС˵̨µĹѾѧ𣬷׷׳ɤӶ̨ϵС˵˵öԣԼԼү̡岮ӣΪ˰ǰյжΪҵۺ졣

̨ϵԱȻۺ졣

µﲻ̶ʮ̨ʣ̨µĹȴѾ侳ڹ֮гΪˡ

ʱù½¸׶ˡ

дһ֣СƷҲԼ⣬νСƷ˵׾ǡ⡪Ц⡪Բ֡

ʮ̨ʽСɺ⣬Ǿͽ뵽˱ЦĽ׶Ρ

ʲôŮĨƨһһ֬ÿ֬ӣСͿѪڰѼˮͰʶ

ȵСƷĵλԱɴͽܰݵС֮󣬹ȻСһžʹһҵĳװΣϵŮճɣʼ˿ڣŮֻô˾ϲ⡣

׼СɵĵСɸֲƴڻС̨¹ڵɵþʹ֮ǰıתƵЦá

ͽܰݵС˼Ӳ
ӱСߵСɵĶѽȶһأȫ۵ɽϼľͷϵģ

Сȳȣ
ΧתһȦͷȶȳˣ
ڣ涺

СҪ˵˰飬ɻûѡ˰˵꣬Сתƻ⣬תתĻأСִţҪ˰ڳŲסɥС˵ԼѴĺ֣ϣСܿǼա

ϺǵԼȥ˼ﵱˣҲض˰ˣ

ǵž鿪չһһһСܲĳһЩЩʱգȴͻȻ䷴ת

ԭССɼҲҪ˰ģ෴ʳģ
ԣӦ˵֪ͨСɺȥʳģ

С˵͢ʥ˵ֵ֪飬ܼʥԼʮ˴ũӣ֪յĿ˰ˣصּ⣬˽һ˰֪ҪǮģ֪鿴Ҽһжÿ˼ҷʳģ

СƷÿ괺ϵ֣˵ֽס˵ŶԳ͢ʥ˵ĸмСɲϿŵױݣϺѲĶóСһľȡ

žýϵǵİտɲã
ڹǿ֣СҪСǼҷʳҪԼҷʳһкã˫ĵͨ죬еİջ¶˸жᣬе¶۵顣

ãСɾͿԼ޸˼ңҲȥˡ
㶵ؿһĻ۽ǵᣬδ׼ĸĸ̾Ҳӿ޵ϣ

á
ҪҲôõһ͢ʥ˾ͺˣ
ҲҲᱻ˼ҵѾߡ

һֱȵ䵱˵Сٴ̨Ļ￴СģԼԼŮҪؼҲݳġ

ôţȴôҲ

ԥҲԥ
Ҫ
ٿĿߣ

Ķ˶
ԣٿһĿٿһĿߣ

վ￴һһĽĿһֱûߡ

һᣬ׾˵ڽĸݳ߻ǽررĸ֣Ȼôô֣Ͼĸڵİÿ϶ǶԵģԸñ˿Լһغߵδ׼ĸ質úãǰԼĵӶ

Χ˵źĻԼǡ

˸һƾٿԵĽɶﲻ֪ĽЦЦҪǺѹѹһȺ˳ܵڵϴ

һֵ˵飬˵ǺÿĹҲŮòˣһֱ͸һ

Ȼ˽½ûһʼǸСƷÿ

ǰҲкÿĽĿϧˣûܿ
ûϵ˵Ҫ죬ûԿûĸϣȻѽ쿴˾úõٿһ飡ֹҪѹһ

ֱ̨бݵԱϳһ֣ԼʱŮģҵǰŵĽգŹŮִؼҡ

ŮȻǰи

СŮһɨΪԲĳĬͷһڽǰ¶˿ʵЦ˵顣

λСصΪģ˵ȥҲ磬ȻǸλҪסˣ

˵ĸӣжŮô׾ͱƭ˵ᣬҲжԼҹŮȻôǰиʣһֳ˲֪ʲôֶҪùŮ˵ȴֲ֪ôָֹУ

ʲôо

һߵĺ̨ڱԼСͽܷǰĳС쳣עչ˶ԷֱԷչ˴˵ÿ仰ޱػش

ǱӲĸо




75.  ʮ   &

ѧǵϵĴˣ

׳ΪϹ̨Ա, ϶Ҳ֮ǰһ˵гɹʱ䱩Դر𣬸Ҫ˵֮ÿݳǳ, ΧȺվ, ֻб׳ʱģûб׳ʱٵģȫΥóͷԡ

԰

ⰲǵİռҼһʳԼˣŶӣȺ˲ȥʳĳ·ÿ϶ǵݳǸʲô

Ҫ˵Ϊǰ֪ǰӵĺ, ÿ˼ҵ׳ߣŵ˷, ɽϰӪկͳ͢Ĵս, ôҲѪ, Ⱥ˲ȥԼĶӡ๫ÿܵǴϷ̨ǰЦǸʲôΪ

ǾͲԼ

ôȷų͢ľһᱻ

Ϊ̨׼òִ٣˵Ĺع֮Ķٺָɵģад籾Աֵ, ˵̨ݳֲܴڣԼöԲڡ

ټ׳ݳ֮󣬽ıݶΪµݳòӲͷƤÿͬĽĿ̨ͬʡ

ͬһ鿴˵Ҫ, ͬһ̨ݳҲһ

ôÿ

ʱ, ִȦꡢӴϹڡ˿·ˡӶž֣صվ˳, ׯϵСʾ

£ǳ

ΪʲôǰҪȥ˻Ҫÿݳ

ԣҪȥˣŬҳ·ܽ

սսܹ
ֶ˶ûԵ, ѵǳȥɻгԵˣ

Ϊѧǵݲô˻ӭ͸ҹǰܵʱ򣬴ʫдµʫƪΪ̣ɫͬܵӺͲƽʱһµĳӦ˶һǵѷʱζǾͲ׷ˡ

෴ΪѷǲŻӷ׷ϵĸ㣬ԴֲԼʧЩ

ѧǵᣬǡþ͸˰Ҫʱ

Ϊʲôǻῴ׳ݳ֮󻹻ֲиززز

Ưһ¡

Ҳ֪ţֲи׷ֱ׷زģֻĳЩǵ氮ǡ

ѵֻһᣬǵİա̨еĹھǽѧǵ氮ˣ
Ŵ˷һ֯ô
ʼֵڲŻƷһ׵

ȻЩص㣬ԼСͽܱŵʦ͵ʦ͵͵̨δ꣨ûʮ꣩Сüȥ·Ҫ˫ʮһ֯¶ص㣬ҪĻҪӿͨת䰲ǰնԳ͢Ĳεٶȡ

ΪǰյѾˣȥΣء

µε֪ŵ鷿ҵһҵ㹻ǰճһµʳԼһѽ鱦Ŷ桢ֻ֮Ķ

ȻЩǰ֪صѹ֬ࡣ

֪ǰҪһ·ģϧ㾡ɥܲס⧲ûܰ·һε֪

һ֪Ȼذʳ˽Ӽͷ˸ڼÿ˶ٵʳ

ʳ׼ˣΪ͢ɵ֪ȴòһһ̰ʳ˰գһ̰ǰճԱ˶ӾΧţ߸ɴܳǳһɽõķ󽫾һ˴

͵ʴ׵鲻

ǣһֱŲҳŵ֪˲òһΡءţ꣬ץʱץʱ䡪

ҪðǰԳ͢ĵⷽȻкܶ࣬Чķȴ٣ع֮Ȼı£ˣΪһĸ٣Ͳܷǵκһλգ




һ糿źŮյĴߴ˴ڴһ˷ʳ֮ȫ໥пȥ

һ·ϣһ˶ֺǺǵģ֮ͬǰʱģȻÿһ·ںͬȥпڵļͥϣһпڣ˸λţٺΧʶ߲ʶһµꡣ

ǿ˵ڼˣ

࿴ıˣ
ҡ

ΧһȦȰǿ˶ٱݳ˸˳һʱСγˣСųСԱȻСųͿʼСԱ໥֮ǿôݳ֮óĵᡣ

ûпز˲Ϊʲô˻ȥزûеӰԺˢһӰĲ֪ٿһӰʲô˼

ʲô˼
˼˺òã

׳ݳʱҶֻſصˡ

СƷֻŰԱߣҾֻǵԱ׹ʱЦɵӣҽʾ֭뾡취αװһģ˵ΥĵĿ佱ǵһ˵ع֮˵ʱ¶ĸλЦݡ

ڶٿⳡݳʱ򣬹ھ֪ⳡݳÿĿмֵĸ֣ȫͶ뵽Уõһݳ

ʱ򣬹עԱϣִͬĹһԱĳǴֳ֣˸ǰǰʮСƷСɵԱ϶ΪһΪֻһŮԱ

ıǷװߣǸĿĺû˸ǵ飬ǽĿǸһ

ΪںĽĿû˿
һܻûأ

ǵİֿ˵顢߱飬ȵҪȥڰ˱ʱǾȵطԭع֮˵ĽĿ滻һ赸Ů˵Ǵʡġ

ȺǵھӪӪկʱҹдŰʡ֪ġ

ΪŶӣϷࡢŵȣԹձࡱˣҪ˲òдŸ֪֪Ǣһ¼СŮšլԺѹο֮͵ﻹսҷ׷ɵĵط

һһֱʱŰȺ˹ҲѾӲͷƤһģһݳĽѧ˿

ڰˣи½Ŀˣ

ҪǣŮˣ

֪ÿ쿴ŶʦִšСɡ·̨϶ŵʱ̨µǸʲôܣͷԸͷ¶վϷ̨ϵĹ̫ˣʵҲѡڣһڲˣ

ڶСɺܿ滻˵һСɵ̨ǣǸʵĹǵİնڵڶСȴԶûеһС顪

ûСɺÿǸ˵ġ
Ů޿޵ʱһҲʵǸϴү˵ġ
վһҲûҼҹԹԵĸоŮҲʱңǽ˵ġ


ţԿ˶˱ˣǵϰĿ̨ʶᱳˣȻûСƷĿСɺͺĿġƾٿͬһˣ

ţ۲˵£Ҵһ˿

ǰΪ˿׺ϲϸ˭Ҳ֪һϵĹڣΪ˾ı֮ԭÿϾ۵С廰ϣķȥˡ

ͷһ쿪ʼͻԾеСԽ˺ͱԽĬ

ѧǻ½Ŀʵͦÿġ

ȻûʱֻܹеıѡɺܸεԽЩרΪǱ¶첲¶¶ص赸ѡддͳζȻġӭһȺŮɫĳȹ趯ţͬϢϣҰ

½ĿĳȴҲ̼һֱԾŵС壬ÿų׳һ⣬ûͣˣȻһĬţĬϷ̨ϿʼĿˣϵĽ￴̨ڻӵǣ㱣³˵Ǿ仰

С˵ЩŮ޶ֻʮꡭҼҽҲʮˡ

䣬С˾˽ﻰ˼ڽߵŸĨᡣ

ǰǰ֪£ü˶ӪеĺӶǸССġݵģҲһԽûԼŮʮȴֻʮĸʲô⡣

񣬿̨ʡʮĹʱ򣬽һʮ

ʮĹӦʲôģ

ӦÿߵС˵˵ЦЦŽ촩ʲôͷϴʲô
ӦѾŮ˵Σ⣬⣬װ׾ĸģ


ŮӦһĺɻȴ۵ã·ߵĹβͲһ˿һۣĵϲҲҳ˶࿴һۡ

ǲֹһŮޣҼһŮӣҼһŮӱ̨Щ̫࣬һ仰γ˵СŶҲ̲סŽĻС

ⶼڳ͢µģ˼ҹôãǼҹٱûóԣ

˵֪˻᲻ƭǵģСƷݵĲģ͢зʳǣǱˣ

Щ⣬㲻ɵʱطһⶼûУĿʼϸͲ

ڴЩĿʱдģʵÿĿĺأ

СƷ˰Ͻ͢İշʳʵڰʾǵİգһѳ֣͢İЩֵĳ͢һʾûУĿ

⡣

ƾ١ǽһũżղμƾٿԵйؿƾٵмֳһЦԷǵĶԴԴҶ飬ʵȴڰʵͨϸڸ߰ǰճ͢пƾ٣ʿ

֪Ϊ³а뿪йɴû˵пƾ£Ǹũ˵ҪԼĺȥıһ˭ԼҺһӿԵ찡

⡣

ټϸ赸ֱ׵򰲳ǰչʾŽ˰֮طǸԣϵĽ죬Լϳ˸ڽͨյײİ£ϸϸŮ˹ΪײСÿķվǡʲô͡/ϲϲҡ

ǵ˸мĳ͢

ǰ֪ǿնɺڮ٣νΪۼΪʵǵİǾǰЩԱݳĸʵ

ģôݵóأ

ˣǰ֪Ǹƭˣ

ΪǵĶ˰ԼĿָǣȴûһ֪һٺ»Ŷ٣ôܸȫǵİʳΪ˲뿪Ϊǵȫ룬ȴûҲǳȥ磡

߰ǵİǸոɶǱߣڲǲˡյϢ̻㱨һֱﲻ֪ѡ

磬ɳһСǴźСƷ˰һĹ·һŰǿ˶ϲҰţ֪ͨЩѾ쵯İǡ

֪ŵܵѳ˺ööʳ㰴ͷַң
ÿÿж˶˵ſʳѽ

֪Ҫ

ǵİ뵽ǸСƷȻŽɵذСȥ絽ſš

ڷ
Ǻööʳ
ǰ˺ü㹻ȫҳ»ֵʳ

ȼҴһؼҸȫϲһٱ֮󣬶ӱˣҲʼˡ

ܵ
ܵﻹʳ

ܵ˭ڵġʳ˭ֵģ⻹˵

ȫ˿һʳЩ걻ĺӡӺͷ
񻹰ѳ˵ˣΪ˶Լҵĺӡ
һҧİ

ӱƼ˻ҧˣοأ

Ȼƶ񣬲ζǾû취ˣ




պɽ¡

Ϊ͢Ĵ󽫣󽫾˺±ơ

ǰ죬󽫾ΪʹҪİİǰյȷһУΪЩ޹󵼵İղòձֱУʾ֭Ÿδӵڲ߽Ӫȴգһ󲨴Ӱǳİ˾Ӫ⣬ڵһ档

󽫾֪ЩնɽȺġʿļ̵ĵһʱ䣬󽫾ΪЩŹɽһģЩ鲻ԸصԼĻţֻһ˼ҵ粻֮ȴ˼ҸΪġ

յͷǸԳǡĪϡˣӶɽϵɽﵱ

Ī˵İնһмɽϵģ

Ī˵һҪ󽫾һ¡

뽫񸾺Ĵһ͵ɽȥԸȰԼļͶ˿ˡСС˵

˵꣬Īϻͣһ£񸾻Ըӳ䵱͢ӵӦɱܣ

ܣ
ǰһ컹Ƕھͳ˳ˣ

󽫾ˣ֪զ£һȺյĻŻǣһй˳֮⣬̽УòȺ֮Ȼϸڣ֪ǿ˳һнѧǵ֮ģӶĻ뵽ЩΪعֳ֮飬ð̬Ⱥ

䵽ع֮ٲҲúˣ

󽫾Ļ˵ȺĹ˳֮ϲ⡣

͢Ĵôܴ򲻹һȺǵں֮ڣ

˵׻Ϊ̫౻ɱεİˣ󽫾Ҳǿȥ˲ɷ˵ɱˣǵİȥƣƽѲͰƽˣ

ܰİո߷Ǽʱ뿪սﷴַӰ

뵽󽫾Ļϲ̵شѡʱȽϺáȽǿļգ͵͵ɽϵϰǰɽϵĶӡһ˵󲿷ְ뿪սǶǿţǾܽһ򾡣֮ǰ֮

ɾҹ֮Уһ쳹һһ绮ʡ

󽫾ȥķ򣬺òײµˣ㿴ǵĶ𣿡

Ļһɨ֮ǰ侲Ҳˣɽϵկӡ

˽һƬžֻɽͻȻðһ֮쵽ɽµǶˡ

ɽں׸




76.  ʮ   

ڰǳķͷͷɽϱ׸ˣ

Ϣŷ󽫾ԼĴѺѵһ밲, ˰µİա

ŴİնŷʲôԵ족ǼᶨΪүʶģü˼̬, ͷ, ˡ

Եүһ׸ʱǵһʱ뵽ľǡүˡȻ뵽ľǡǰ֪һ˱ض캦⵽һ뷨˲ˡ

ǰ֪ضƭǵģ
ѧǸݳĶ࣡
ȺĶĶǴӣ

һ׳һеġʯ׵ظı˰ǰĿжԳ͢ǰΰ֪Ŀת˰۷, ðǵİȺϲԳͷҵתͶ˳͢Ļ, һα֮ǰ֪ɷǵʳ



ͬһʱյϢ, һõ˷󽫾ĻԽս˵±ơ

ǰ󽫾˿˵̫ƻ, лаǰձɱ˵׼ӭӰǰյһֵıһ꣬ͽˣ

뵽ûǵʱ, һԡ֡ѻ졭

Ȼ˽Ļŵ֮źλɽ֮Իᱻȫܵɽ£Ϊ˵ڶ볯͢ӵĿս롢ŪΪ, Լͷ˸䵱ˡ롱Եʡ

ֳȫϿѧݵ, ү˭

, Żǲò̾ԼҡըӼѻ켼ܴȻǰٷаǲǲ𣬹Ȼ˭Ҳ

Ǳ˶౻˵ͳһɽʧܡųأ

Ϊʲô˵ųأ

Ϊ˿̵ž֪ͷ󽫾ĻţһôǸȥǰСų_(:١)_

˵, ʵ֪Ĺ

Ͼ۰õطպʹУʰȦСҡ۵ϴֵµǣ֣͢ϵ飬žãΪʱĻ˭

ֺ飬ȦżʵģϾȦԴޣõӾǵζźö˾ʧȥһĻᣬĺѡ˾ûˣΪԴʱȻҪ伫ˣ

ºΪ¶ֱеĹ˾ùһ㣬ֱӱƵ˼Ȧߴѹü˼ҽӲĹеġ

Ȼֻ켣˿ڲģûȫǹ˾֯־ѻսܲסۡĳһλǱ˾ôѹ
ʱһȺ˿Ϊ˷Щֲȥĺϲ֪˶ٵĹΣڶԼ·úܰ

ٰĿ۽ĹŴȻûȦʵϳ͢ǰ֮䲻ҲһĿڱ

ǰ£κγгģйò˰ԼĿתƵ͢棬ȻʵҲûǰ

ͻᵼвپϲˣŷڵĳ͢ǰ泯͢ıһ˽

˵ʲôġ

ǵıǵһúã·ţͶҪǰ¶ͷˡ

֪͢Ҳ֪

񰲳ǵүһƽ۶Գ͢׺͡ǰӵĽ׶Σзʵʵǿ

νƨɾԴѧǻг͢Ĺɷأű˺͢ĻҹϵҲܺãܹ֮͢ͳ߶ԸΪʵбģˣŶ֡ҪѵҪҰղ紵

ҪľǰǰĻҸϣ

Ҫȫǡȫİһ̵ӡ󡪡

ǰӶǿӣǰǸүĳ˭ٴһָǰ˾ͽ˾ǻ˾ǼȺСϰչӣʮ˴Ҫ

ΪˣžҪһϷ

ϷרݰǵĹ£ͻǿǰͳ°ǵʹƶԼڳ͢µĺãŶԴѾһ򵥵뷨ֻȻȥʣò˶þͿԳ籾

⣬ܱҪϸսϰ䵱꣬סҪ󽫾Լǵͨһεרãѹдǵĸڸ·߹滮Сİɽһ㡪

۵ѡ·ߣȥɽϿǿúͷͷͷһν¾飡

˵˺ǩԼߵϷݣ

ŰԼǷй߰ĿжԳ͢İͶǰļƻ˵֪˺ͽĻʱԼŴһǸţ

Ƚִĺ·ȺĹŴһӶҪİɣ

òԼиĳӮεһʱִЩС˵ԽС˵ֻԼɵ̫ˣȫ˼ǵ·

С˵ǣ㼸仰ñ̾ѣžԼҲԣ

Իݵع֮ĳ֮£

žԼΪִһع⣬һ⵽ֳλп̰ĹŴ˵Ĵ

û뵽֮Ȼʥ˵飬ЩڻͨӢ۳꣡
෽ǵ̵֮ܶǶʷҲо
ţ

˵ɶ
ʥʲô
ʲộܶ

λ˵Ǽһʶˣִϴ˵ķִȽ֪ʶǹŴʣµĶ

Ŵ˶ôϳ𣿣
ôѧ˱ֺϻлʽ𣿣

Щ±ơ
ûصúúúѧϰˡ

ȻϵĴŵܵ˴ĻӽǺ˳ģ;Ӧŵļƻļƻʾ߶ȵ͡

Ҳѹе±ƣʼԼһֵļƻ齻ѾٰܹһݳС壬ԼչǱд˾籾־һ




֪²ı仯

ﱻڳһ֪֬౻֪Լһ׼㹫ʽָ˰ա

Ȼ͢ĶѾ㹻ˣʳʱǴѵĲʱڣʳǲжˣδԼûʳһǵİҪǮЩǮȡ㹻ȫ˳Աʳ

ͬʱһֱǰ֪ոġ½µҲڴ´˳š

֪Ÿܱ߳е֪ϣͨڣڰǵĵذգǵ̽ףοǰʮûˣŵ˲㣩ľš

ңصʾ˳͢ͳ˰ЩǵǴԼĻḻгӵ˿ڣ

Դʾ֣Ѱܹɳųǽɨ·İգԹ⣬ӰǵС⣬ǮԼҪĶ

һһԼû밲Ǿ趨õļƻʵʩǰյۿɼٶȵõ˸ơ

ǵİѾʮÿ춼ԵϷˣһ٣ٸɵһ࣬ԭƧĽֵȫܺӺͼҳĺ

ڳԱ˷֮ˣԼҵıӣС㻨Ǯʡ˿Сıרŵȼ˶˵ļҺǣΪǳ׻һһܵпڿѧǵһ˱ݽĿÿĵС

СǿˣǵȻҲˣǵĿǴЩǵģʹ͢ٺãҲ֮ǰû飬һʵǲģǰǼȫǰյļﶼ˲ңͬΪҵҵҪĴﰡ

³͢Ĵ󽫾ڹɽ֮ûаѰЩ˸ץߣǸŴӻؼң·ʲô¶ûƵģһأ

һ͢׷Ⱥ˿ô죿
ǵļҿô죿

̻̲С£ȥѧǵݳʱˡ

һȺͷϷ̨֮ϣ·ڳ͢µİչжôҸͷԼϴ֪˷ǰ궼ӣתͷǵĺӣǸڰǸް

ǺԼôǰ֪ôСϷ۵һСԴڿϲ֪ܻܲ죬ǺްԼѳĲǵĺ꣬ôôɵ

ֻϣ֪͢ǷµĴº͹߾Ҳֻܹɱһ˶ȫҡ

ΪˣҲԸ̫ƽװʲô鶼һκ£ȻѸйݳźÿյۻϡ

ĪĽֹ죬ǵİͻȻ䷢֣ÿ϶Ҫ׼ʱĽѧ᲻ˣ

Ϸ̨վŵĲԱһЩôľʦԭϤҲˣȡ֮һȺס

Ƿʲôˣ

ָſԼˣݳﳯ͢ضԴ°գǾų͢Ҳһˡǵģ᲻ˣһȺ˶ˡ

̨ϵľֻ֮С

᲻ˣǲǲп֪Ҫãðˣ

пڲܸ

һȺ뵽˲пڱ;Ȼȫ˽һ

Ү֪ҪˣҪϴɾӵء

ȻܿǾͷ֣Լ̫ࡣ

ѧǵ᲻죬ΪðˣΪԱǶȥϷˣЩǵѧǷġ

ϷǰϢĽ۾С͸¶Ļ

ԣϷʦдһϷ⼸ѡԱź˾Ϸ̨ӱݣ

һ˾ˡ

Ϸ磬ʵǶǲİģ˵ǶǶ֪˼ְãרϲЩϷǳϷѧǾȻҪðǵϰһϷ͸һСֻԹ̲Ĵȥʥ˵һβ˼

ʲôϷհϢ˺ֱŤŤСǰʡ

СЦŵǽǵϷʦ˵Ϊ˰ǰصŵϷأ

ʱѧǵƶصΪǰһǵϷϢͱа˸֪ˣϰڴϿѧݳ̲סڴ

ڴԱ;鹣ű͸¶ȥ֮øˡ

ԱԱаΪĽĿܵǰϲǽΪԼˡԱǽǰյһɽսǾ飡

㿴Ϸ
ôأ
᲻Աרأ

ڴ֮£ֹ˰£һ峿˸磬ҹǮԤŸȫһپ˵ǽɫ͡

İѾһǸҼһϺͽҸİˣ֪˵ļ˰ľһһҹ֮䣬ǵĴСͳ˲ʡˣǴصĻصϰ׺͸صʳͬҲĹᡣ

յĴͶһλʡĴﵱͻʦΪ˻顢˵ѾΪ˸մĽѧǰǷһǩԼ˵ˣֻȷ翪ţҪȥСѧϰ˵һ¡

︻ԣˣȻԸЩõģһѾˣԺÿµĵһһ죬Ͳ緹ųԡ

µһ죬ձ߳׼ǰ̺ǸʲôζĽ㡣

һ·ϣغڿݳʱʶǴкҪȥʱղڷһ·ϵĲԾ

԰ôһôˣ

ΪʲôҶ£һһµǽߣ

º棬ҵһȺ漷˽ȥͿǽһŴĿĺֽֽдһ֣ղ֣ͷ˺þûдɶǶԺֽ½ǻ֪ΪһС˺ܸȤ

˸ֽǺ

ǺϾдɶ
ô˿ضǺҪɣ
е㼱ҪźֽıϣһϲıȽССͯСͯ·ֱվͨ죬źɫֽϵ֡

ħö硶ɽ֮սݣ
³һʮʮ
Ǯֵܴһɽܣ

ϢĵһӦǡ
磿
ɶ

ȻܿͷӦС˵ʦΪרдǳϷȫ˶ڴѾõǳϷ

ǳϷҪˣ

һ뵽һ飬תȺɿܣһ粻ڰͬСͯ򺣱ϢɱؼҵŮ

³һܿ͵ˡ
ѧǵϷҲҪˡ




77.  ʮ   翪&յ顭

ǵľۿɼٶȷչ, ͬʱǵҵҲһչȶķͼԺͶ, зչõĵȻҪѧˡ

ȻΪﵥҪչд籾

ΪǰֻдС˵, ûд籾ȻԺһ£ҲûӾӰľ籾ʲôҪԴС˵ĳɾ籾Ǹѵ顣

籾һ¾ܸ㶨ģҪжԻ, Ҫ治Ҫʲô롱͡⡱ЩĶȡ֮ĿӴĶ, ҪǵõĳɱѺͿʵʩ, ǵĸѶȾ

һ׮׮һ, ֮ΪȻı浼ݡܻҪʦװʦʦԱȣҪȥǵ黹кܶҲܸӣòȫͶ뵽һϣٹʽѧڵڵ, Ҳٹʰй۷顣

ͽСѱһɫľˣʤСȨ, ֿЧָߡ

ȾǹһȺ˵顣

Ϊһ, šҪեֵµһľˡͳ, Сŵ϶Ⱥ̨ԱҪ󣬲ҪÿαݲܳشʧһҪǰҪÿıݱҪиĽ˵, ÿһıݺıҪһ

һȺԱֱҡͷ˵ԼȨС壬ЧԼʦǡһһǡһ˵ŽѧѴʾǲԽĿı䣬ѧǵͻû˿ڻᱻ̻Ҳô˸ߣһȺ˾͵ú磬һǿиԼʦŻǹ༦

ʦֵı£±ضСһ׮
ܱʦһѡУ䱾±ضˣҪǫ飡
ʦʱص֪Ҫڳõӣܱƾٵ˵أɼ䱾죡


һһ˵һȺӲͷƤʼÿԼָĽĿˡ

ò˵Ŵ˺ִ˵Ĳֻܾ֪ʶϣ̷涼࣬ŰԼִѧƤë֪ʶһԵǣһȺȫûеڹŴ˵īسɹ棬һĽĿĵ÷Ⱥܴ

ͽͽһ˫COSŮװУһһݴŮҵװվ̨˵̨µĹڡ

ֱ˿̣Ҳù֪СƷǸǵŮ񡱡ɡʵǸŮװˣȫǵİնܹϡ棬ȻֱվڶͽǸֳͽܵŮװװϹ˫ۡĻ˳θǼȫǵ̯λ»ء

ܲסڵǿҺͽͽܶװڱǵľ˼ʦܵСͽͽܺϼһ£ԼŪ˸Ⱥһ˼Ĵʦ˹һ˵˸µõ˹ڵһº

οһ°ǵصСðСĸʣǸ˸

Ҫڱչ֮ǰ϶ĸǹٷϿɵģֻܿ䲻ģСܻŸıİǰǲҪѳʣĻǺ͹Ƥ

鰡

赸ŶɴҪ֮ǰһ׸ɽˮĸӲ˸赸ҲǺܲˡ

ı䶯ŶӶҲԭѾҪζѧתͶֻİǰ¾£˹

һֱĲп˲ִĵģ

ÿ糿ῪţС̯Ųˮ죬ǶۼˣϿӵǾʹߺˣ֬ˮκͷΣò֡

СҲô˻ᣬѵ˰ǾΪûʲôûȥȨ˳ȥ

ȨǽѧҪˣÿĿԸѽ

ЧµԼʦ˵洩¥ֱӸÿĿۣټۿԱ̵֣ʲǫֿ̂ϰ̵Ķʲôۿ̳ǵ鳡ڹмԼĶСͼʦһһ㶵ġ

ΪһһСֱӰ񰲳ǶǸˣ˭гݶռӰжǶ֪ȻŸСǮû죬СͰ֮ǰڰǻЩǮȫ׬˻ֹ˼죬ѧǷıǮСҲûִﰲǵĽŶӸˡ

ȶ֧Ԯ󲿶ӽѧǷĶһСӺͼʱĵ̡һŴĶŶӷ˸ֿۣʼڰˣԽɽĹűֽ˵ˡ滮Űǵ·ߣӦСҪ˲˵֮⣬Ա͸֡

ΪĴڣѧڰǵɱҪõŷһ˵ҪˣиҺڵİͳֻҪԼľȥӦƸ֮֮֡೬н˵

ѣֻܰնǵķʽ˸Ƹ˸쵼Сԣΰ˴룬ѷ罨

ʱչصҲԼ˺ü黹֪ѺͽĻŹĿľ籾˹ء




ϷֽСɽս˼壬߾齲ľⳡսŲοһǰԼеĹŴ籾صħ֮Ľɫÿһսַ˺ܶСսۣ籾ܳݾÿСսΪǰŪʲôΣǸֶģȻΪ֮ʦĳ͢һôӦԵģôƫĳ͢ġ

֮ǰǰд޶ѳ͢ľӸø콫һ

д꣬ĽʵִĴõӾ硶ˣ
ֻ˫õʷʵͬһдĹҲһѡ

Ȼģ͡񡷲࣬ҪԱ̨áֵȻҲģ󣬹ýϵԱҿСȼ֮һſ㹻ԭһľҲΪ籾̫òֳʮݡ

൱һʮ硣

Ϊرľ磬᲻ǫ̀ͣľľͲŵҪʹͽṩͼֽиָ졣

װд֡Ա̨׼ԱҪĵǹĵߺʦҪĸЧ

Щ鶼ˣһҪİԱȥ¾繴ðҪ磬ԱϤ籾̨ϵģ˰²Ūòࡣ

Ҳ֪ȦֵطعǺҪģʱ䲻֣ǾͻᵭЩǺͽѧǣ֮ǰһпɾͰ׷ˣ

翰ãǾͶ˰³һⲿʮġӾ硱ҳ˴ͽƵĺΪⲿ̫ءˣŻصذʮˡյ顱ר̨ǰλϣֳա

СһʼԼʦҪʲôȵ³һǴİնۼ˲пڣڴšɽսĿݡ

ȵԼʱһһֱס̨Ļһѳ¶ȫò

̨ϣɢŰ˼̯λľСӣڵԱűȥǵİտһĻ̾˰ǵǰ֪ͳʱҵ

ʵϣ̨ݵһĻҲǰǵʱ龰

ݰǰյԱ߶ʵ

ʱС·Ա˳Ʒ̯λסһСӵֵָϷ̯λĶͰʳǸߺǷ֪˵ǰ˰˵С֪˿ҪΪʮ˷С檣Ⱥ˵뿪̨ԭڵİոǷˡ

ʱ𣬰ϸ׵Աֱʹⰲλֶ֪С

˵֪ǿŮȫǵĹŮ¶ݣ˵֪ѹȫǵĽƱҼһӵǮûУ˵֪ʳˡĲҲȻˣðǰʮһÿһҼﶼͣŹײĺʬ塣

̨µİǰһһ㶵ģǰ֪Ȼ˲ٶԲǵ飬ǿŮûݻŵСģиʳš

Ϸݵò԰

ûǷӦһֱ˵ˡ

˵֪Ⱥ˿ƾ٣ǵ鲻˵飬е˽˿ȥˣͨǿƾٵ·Ҳסˣö෴֣ͬ첻ۣô˵֪

̨µİǰ˸òˣ˽ӶֽЩ¶֪ûԱ̨˵˰ɣ

ȻǳǵǰһȺ˴󺰣

ã
ݵúã
ٲú
̫ˣǹò𣡡

˵ö飬ۿģ·идÿһĻն±ˣѵǰ֪飬ˣû

̨ϵݵö飬ǰŰҲ飬˻תͷͺ˵ЩԱݵãѵȫݳˡ

˵ǲǣ

ǲǣ
ʵİգգۣ̽ԵͷǰİͷøˣҲǰ֪

һǰƽǰİʱʱͺתź汻סİգİæҲź˼䣬ȻȻҲתͷա

ȵһĻǰ֪԰Ƕ໵ľ̨аѾȫھ֮УǰŵĹڴãΪԼļ⡪

ûǰ֪ô
ûһ֪˭ҵĹŮϹ֪˭ɾȣ
찡ʰɣ


СĿؿŰǰմ±ƵŭлȻ·ʦľһ

ֻɼ˼װǰջ켣֮оܴﵽЧ
ԭô

ȻʦϻвٵĶûѧ֡
ȻͽܵĻ̫ˣ




78.  ʮ   ɽս&ˡ

ɽսľ黹ڼ

ڵһĻרŽǵİһֵ֪¹жҡô˾һ֮, гϢ׶Ρ

̨ĻԱ°̨סùԿȻè굽ȥȫˡ

ǰѸ, Ѹ÷ȥķȥ, С߲ں棬ֻªû취ѹʲôģȻʱԱһǳ÷ɵģһйһӶǵһĻ
ҲֻԱѧǰշշʲôӦһˡ

Ϸ̨ǰ, һֱϷûգ۵ĹҲʱɿɿ죬һԼ˳㻨ǮԵ׼

趨ĵһ, Ϊһĳ͢ͷ󽫾ûʲôϷ, 󲿷ֵľ鶼ڲܷж໵ͷж, Ͼ

ֻǰù֪ȺɺܻҲŻڴǳȥһ򾡣Ϊ

ֻǰ̵Ⱥʵǿ뷴ɶԴʱҲŻĵ, ӮʱŻùھʵȺƥС

һĻǽ֪޶ڶĻ󻻳֪˼ҵıүʵҲ֮ڰǳǰС, ʱ֪Լ, ڰè, ̵ֲĳͷĥŰ޹İա

һ·˳ú񣬾ͻ˵
Ϊèèһ£Ǿȫǵ˶ɱè˭һֻè, Ͱӵ߿
ΪϽʱһ̫ûмʱݣɴŪһ̵Ŀˮŵͷϣ

Ϊʲô֪ĸۡи߿ߡֵĴүΪЯһ̵ĿˮŽˣЩҪ

ҪǣھİǰѾһֶˡ

ôôĵأ
ûκ飬ΪʲôҪŪ۸ǣ
ôĵͳô𣿣
Ϊʲô͢Ĵ
˰
ɱЩˣ

ֵһ̣ȻѾ㹻ˣĻħǰ֪ڲϣСħֶ˵ʹǸǰңڱҪʱá

ֶ֪ԼԭǰҺᣬĿһе̾ͻǰţ˰Ѱǵʳ׳׳ŮԼĸĸȫץ޶СвŰаգǺԼһ췴

һ󣬳͢õ߱ڵ֪˰ҵ飬֮ϣ󽫾վҪƽѡ

ʥڳ棬õΣڸ˷󽫾һ˼ǰաҪõ󽫾Ͽɺּǡ

һ

ڡƭͽˣأȥˣŵĿ£Ա³̨ұߣһȺŸɫʦаãߣѧǵһ̨׳Լڿ꡶ɽ֮ս֮иждµġʤ

һʼ峪

ͳǳԵĸʣǵĿѣļ
Ȼ󣬶ͺѽ룬мƽ˵ŬŶϲԵĵ档
ٵ󣬴ġйġ׸/ŽµĻ֣ǶԺƽĿ;ƻľġ

ѭ飬һ̨µĹڻھҪҪ䣬Ͼλ̫ˣ˵ǽõĸ֣ǵСܲˡ

׸̫һ

֪Ϊ͹±̫ˣǸĳ˴ҵһȺš軹֮ĻĬĬ

ȵѭڶʱ̨ǰŵİȿƲס˳ЩУһ˴ͷҲƲסԼų˳ǻڲпڣһֱԱлĻ̨ϵĶ峡ˡ



ɽ֮սĵһ綼˸ͷ

Ҳʵǰֶ֪֪ӵλԱݵ̫ô˺ˣһ׮׮һģȫǰյĳֵ

ǵİվãȻ֪֪ҵıүûЩ飬ѱûȻع֮һˣƾ

Ѿյ顱ʧȥǵİֱӾͰԼЩֲҵʺȫ۵ǰͷϡ

ҼҵƣͻȻˣضֶɱģ
ЩҼʳô͵˺üأһǶֶģ
ǼҡضǶֶ

ô죬ԽԽ
ڶʲôʱݰ

šһҪſĸ߰ǴǵİһĿ˽ѧǡɽ֮սݳʣµһСǴ˵һӲȥ˺ľż

ΪһͬС˵ң϶ߡ׷Ķߵ֪ιҪιٵҪ̹ģҪó־ùϵ̵˵һһӲʹһϡһ֮⣬ľߵĶǱ׼ˬ·ߡ

¾ʵͷҲࡪ

һʼռλã·ϰһжԽڷɻûӦʱɱ˳ſڡ

⧲˸ңһ͵ڶһǾʦһɽ֮еǰĳλ󽫾Ĵӣʦı󽫾Ĵں֮ǿƵǳϳ͢Ĵ

󽫾Ҳ
󽫾ıʿǺҲ
˫ԣһʼ͢ľһĲ֮⣬֮ѶԷʱϴ仨ˮ

ɲģִ򿪵ҡ뵽ý׶Ρ

һ˵ǰʵ۶ýɽ֮һģֻҪյٻ˼Ҷ˵յˣͷߣó͢ʿȫԱ¡

ǧһʱ̣һִɽðˣȥͶԷǸִ򣬰˼ҰڵĦ˼ҽߡ

ԭ꽪Ļʵڻûʵ۵ʱǸԻȹһֻʨӣֻʨʵǸ˵Ĵ֣
ҲΪʲôϻһֻʨӣΪԻĽʵΪɶͷŹֻ֮¾ôдġ

ʨӱ֣ɴ򿪺Ľңֱٻһɶû뵽ΪɵĽ룬һսֳĶʴڵͥ

ͥʴ۱ʾʵѡѡ֮ˣΥҪ

˵ֱ꣬˶ºӾ·ɰڵһĦƵǳ˷ţڷɲĴ̳֮Ѫٻħʱ׹ĸϳǸĺӾһá

һףڹڵĽкλӵһͦʮķɡ

һĻⲿаǰվڽֱ߼еӭ͢һ̨̣¹ں

Ավ̨лĻϳһʤȫա

Ŵֻмʮ˵̨з֣ԭвٵԱһ˰ɫŵĶͽܺͽΪ˼һݵĽɫִСʮ

ĽɫаõԱֻʮһʵôĿࡣ

ɽսչСɫԻʱȾյַҲܹںĵģⳡùӦãʮĳˡ

̨ϴֲŽ̨£Ѿʼʲôʱݵڶˡ֮ǰһµߵģ϶˽ѧǵݳһݵڶ顣

û뵽ǣɽսսѧǾͰѲпڴ̨ˣ

Ƿʲô£˼˵ڰͣʱ乻ˣҪضȥˣ
ȻǻضˣѧѾڰǿ˷ˣڻıݵģҲҪġ

ǼȻδбݣΪɶôžͰϷ̨Ӹˣ
ȫ԰Ϸ̨ǰſţҪֱ

شǡŮС塣

Сǰڿʦŵ˽ŴСļҵˣ

ٶ֮죬һֱΪ̸̸ؾͲӦýԼʦţ
ôأ
Ҫ꣬ͽҪţѵô
ֻš

ȻŮ޵ȥⰲһʱҲСôõкӣҲͷӦˣδ޵ĹϵֻСڶ׼ûжɶ鵽ǽӡ

ΪŮСѵڡɼҡ¶һֿЦõı飺

ǲһֱ̨֪Ҫòпطˡ

֪òпڣ
òпʲô

һ뿪ǵͬʱһֱİ֪ڽ˵һ׶ε񣬿ʼɽҵ飬˳͢ʾĽ

ǴʬҰ͢ദ
֪ࣨԻյ飩˽⡢ΪŰĴӷն
Ϊ֪˷Կ͢ķˣ鷸У鷸д̣ޣ͢׷ָ֪

ǺͰǰյĲĻ˱Ƶ˲пڶͷ̨ϣӦõͷأΧ۵İһ󻶺ŶԳ͢ĸмµ

ʱ˷ͽܼǴڰǵĵʧ




79.  ʮ   ̳

ÿһ֮ǰƶϸļƻ, һ֮½ܽᷴ˼Ŵִһϰߡ

ַ˵Ϻû߻ֻ˵ѧУڹ˾, ö֮ͻѧᲢʦ˾̵һ, ҺȻİһ״ڹŴĽѧǡ

һʼټһվͣܽڰǵĵʧʵҪԼ˶Ǯġ

Ͼһһʼ˵ļƻ֮УСԭļƻò˿Ҳ١ֶѵĵطǽѧһ˵Ĳվסһ죬Ѹòʲ˾ƨˡ

˭밲ǾȻˣ
һ滹иǰСӣ
ʥƽʱк², ˵һʱϵǰߣ

İǼƻǽҲ, Ҳ, ۹ŻҲ, ǵǰûɶǮԼмӵأŶֱӴһӲǮѿģҲ˵, Ӷ°Ǽƻʼžûڰ׬Ǯ

ܲϱȥ㲻ˣ
˽Ϣˣ˻ضǵʱԿʲˡǷһƨծ׼

ôҲû뵽, ôעֻʥǰԵ, Ȼ׬ˣ

ղ˵٣

Լ˷һ, Լղһ˲е⣬̲סһ顣

˷ϲɫ˵˱֡

ˣסˡ

ô׬Ǯڽǻ׬Ķࣿ
ҲǻһָǵĽѧǷ統Ǯôôࣿ

֮ǰ˷Ǯˣ

һڰ׬ˣ

žòӦǰߡ
Ϊ֪ǮǮǮԼȻִһִּ˷, ֪ʲôн֪ʲôлƷ¼ЩȫȻԼոʽ˷Ϊ˷ֹ鷢Ψñ취ͨϸ˷

һγУžܹĴε˷

ǵԽɽһ·õһ˷Ȼ˷Խɽ磻
ԽɽõһӶǴҪؽϼҵ˷
ȴӽǣŻµ˷ڽֱеģ˷˰ǵķ磻
˷ǶǵǵĴ󲿶ġ

ÿλµ˷Ҫ˷̿⡢ͷСĻʣһ飬ȷһ˷ԼеСṵ̂ī֮ˡ

ֱգЩ˷ȫܺϵġ

Բ˷ˡССĴӰǸطե˱ȸԣĳǻҪǮ
ŪǮ

ŵزһ˱صذѸն緢СйʣȻ˲˼Ϊɶ׬ôǮ

ŶΪСĺڣ˵ʱ۾գһ¡

֮ǰҲ˵ŵ˵ʱڳһȨ̡͡˰ǣ˵ûˣĳᣬȰǿʵʱСѧҲŪ˸̡

ŵһ˵һ̣СֱһĿһ̣
⻹㣬˼Ұ֮ǰһӵеȨһһֿˣ

̨̱ϰƷȨСͽĿֿ
̿Եֳ̯ߺƷСҲг

ֵǣ˼СһȨļ۸֮ǰĹȨļ۸һߣ
Ȩˣ۸ȴ䣡
͸ȥһǣëǮһȻ㵽ѧУǲˣһëǮ
ɲ׬Ǯ𣿣

ŵĹڸԣĵط۶ߣ۸Ӧöһ㣬ƶĵط۶ͣ۸Ӧõһ㣬гֵɣóȥôôСѼ۸ô߻أ

ΪգѽʦСЦ

ܹڶʱڵǡеʱ򵽰ģǵӴӺĴˣ˼ҵҿɱ֮ǰ̸Щ̶ˣ

ҵļҵ׸ʵˣļ۸ȻҪϽп

˼ֻ֮ǼЩ˶Ƕ˵ͰͿ֪׬ǿˡ

һԸһԸǽѧ׬˸貧

ϲǣһĳУļͽܶǴˡ

˵ǰڶǣְֽ̻Ἰͽܵôƶƻһռƻ£ҽ̻ΪҪȦӦþ߱ĸô뿪Ǻһ⼸ͽѧôӦͻ״ԼҵԼδǰķ

ͽڿôطô֮µĸԼ˵Ѿ˺üġССһµĶ

Ҳǡס»ȥǱСУ壩ĵб֮ǰı߶ЩˣȻҲ˸ûµʱˡ

һһصķףͬط˾һֳ֮ĸᣬһЦͬʱҲôҶ˽˽طˡ

ͽܵʵһεĳС

ȥ֪һȥŷ֣ʮﲻͬףصİտͼɻĶһɥȢϰҲһԼԽɽֳΪЦء

һЦЦһЦﵱ²ᣬͽԳɲһЦˣȻˣȻʹ»֮ڣ˸Ц

ţ
Һͨ˵Ի·ǲһ

ͽܽűʾʵдһ£ö߿֮ЦһЦ֮⣬Ҳϣܹı佪Ǹذų˵󡪡

һγУôͽӡҲѹľÿһطһֱų˵

ԵľǰǣʵֹǰǣطҲһУȥʳͻ·Ҿ΢һļ۸ˣҲԸЩ⡣
øӴСԼɹС鶼˲ٵĿࡣ

Գɰһж

ԼΪʦֵµĴӣͽ֮һӦü縺ΣЩ౾ӦԵģСƤֻὲۣЩ鷴ͽ֮СǸȥھΡ֮˳

ҪЩʲôıʦδ߶һ㣬Ըǳ岻ȥΰѵӵĹǻλʰáǲ뿪ˡ

̫ˣ
ˮӴò޲ðѴԡͰȫǲ֪˭ùģ¿Ҳ˻Ƥ

ȥԼӻլڶǺá
ѧǵҵǲֻڶǵģˣضҪѵӽʦܵ

Ȼ޷ֵܼɡ
˼ȥ뵽˺ͱ˹µ»ǰСӵʽͬڡССǣԳɾµĹûһ̶ǡ

ĽǶȾǡҡɫԼԼйر˺ˡ˺ֳ֮ЦͨЩСЦÿµĶ߲һ֡ԭ˺Ҳһġ

ԳԼҲ֪ܲܳɣСû¾ĥгֵ۸֮ģƾֱÿôʦԷȡˡ

ͽСˡ
һڼﶼƲˣɳ⣬˭ֱ˭߹ˣˣ

гζžõʱⱾ˹벻ô_(:١)_

ͽΨһĵǣĻ˿

ΪССڶǺܻӭǰЩ껹᲻һڳ˼ѧڵ֮⣬ǶѾּ򵥵ܹĹ»˵ͽѧͬʵĵ궼˲ٵˣѧڲҲµҡ

仰˵ͽΪһѾǶΨһˣ

֮ûô˵ֺƷΪѧǵĹԳԼҲռȻССñȱ˵ĺá

ڳˡСС˸µĹ£Ķ߻Ըܱסĵλ

뵽ִҲ͵ǵþѧһȥרŻǸĸ˼˺鲢ϵģȫ緶Χڶܵ˹ע

ȻǰЩѧķʱܻͦӭģô͵ӦҲܻӭɣ

˵ǽѧӪҲˣռгѵͽһССʧ

⣬ԼŵͽǿйһּƵôͽȥԼ¹µĴȥȡ˶ǾֱܹϡסһڵأȻƵȥһʹһһʢĶͽܺͽܴͷСƷ

϶ڱ֮󣬶Ҫݵ鶼ʮָȤϲϷ̨ϱһ˵ϲŭ֣Һд뷨쵷ݸСƷٰѻóһԱһ飬ִ˲ƣ

ŴȻص֮Ͱ˲ֳ࣬ɸ֡˵ˡԱ࣬ڲĽԱǩԼ˾öͽܺͽܸ𣬶СȥӰӻ鱾ͱȽ϶ҲȽϸӣ༸ҲǺ¡

뵽̲ס뵽Ѿڶǽ˵ĽԺ

˵뿪ǵʱԺҪô컹ûʲôĻŶԺҪôѾһˡ

ȫ԰һ·ѧĶŵԺȥ

ͿԸһ㣡
ʲôСƷררݳᣡ

żŸݸʮ죡

׬׬Ǯܣڹú˼أ

ԽԽ̵ͷȥԼСͽС壬ĿǰǽѧоͷԵ˺ϼƺϼԺ飬벻ֹҪС壬˼СҲ

ŻûüСԺҪʲôרôշأСȿˣһڣ˵ľ֮ǰڰ˵顣

ʱڰǳһѧǰǷԱ֮⣬С˽ĻһˣԱ˵˺;и質츳İա

Ϊ֮һֱæ뿪ǵʱͺܼ֮ǸԵԸѡڰǷ绹ȥܲ⣬С廹ûϸϸ˽ȺнˣȺ˵츳ȡ

һ˽⣬С巢Լڵˡ

ʦȻһѧˣģ

ˣ
ϸС˵£ʲôʨʲôȸͷ϶ü룬ʲôԶۡ
ǲӼ

̲ס¥
СƷӼġ

⻹ʲôԺ
ֱӸ̳ˣ
պã̳Ǹûأĸľˣ





80.  ڰʮ   ƾ٣һģ⡷

˵̳, ŵȻֻ²һ£Ȼ˲ûо²ۣ෴, 桪

̳СԼʦǾ仰, ͷϸƷȻ֡
ȡúãǽǱݣͽԥýʲôأ̳У

һɫˣֻԼǰ˿ʯͷԼĽţ

ʲôнĽǱݣ
ǽӦÿӱ޸ϻض
Сӻʦ׼Ŀǰɣ
˵ǰɣ

ǰɣ
ǡ

С廹Ǵһһ߻ضһ·ĳݽĿ׬·ѣ

һ¡

֮԰ȥ˵飬ʵΪȱǮȱ·, ɰһнǵ·Ѿȫ㹻˰ӱ޸ϻض, ôƵĻҪ·ѲǸʲô

˼Сֱ׳

, û, ˵ӱޣӰǵֻҪܵˣ
ǲһˣһ󲿶Ӱʦ
ôһߣôܶʱھ͵
мһأҪҪҴҪҪͣ㲻˼Ȭ, Ҳҵطò˰
һǸҪأ··򲻲ѵʳ˽

ȻעҪһǾͣһͣΪʲôɴϢʱôһһ

ʦȻǲȱǮɵǶԼǷֳɵ, ԱֻнӵĻ׬ö, ܵ׬Ǯ·ţ

Сÿ˵һ仰, ˾;Լһ£Сȫˣͷʾˡ, Ժ鶼û

һߣõʦ׿ϵСһηԼΪˡѹեֵˡı£ʮظԼȺ˸ݳȷڻضǵһ·϶ᡰį
϶˵СԼʦְŵľÿһҪһĿĿʽУСƷ֮ǽĿʱҪյʱ䣬涨˵ǰų½Ŀ

Ѿڵʦȥʾ֭ʦܵͷˣҪ˵ûеõŴԱˡ

е޳˳͢ǼõĽѧǵĴûᵽѧеļӰϹһ˵õĻȺ˵ǰ鵽ˣ

ضǵĽųȷʵҪȸմӽ뿪ʱҪ죬ܶʱ򾭹һǣСͰŴסϡ

ͷһսǣҸջסСֱϵľ¥̸⣬̸ˣϾԱ¥мճĳݡ

ô̵ʱ䵱ȻݻˣСƷħӼ質С廹ģû¶ɵĹǻüźѧǡ̳̳ܽĽĿţŷ·ӣס˾¥ﲻٵʳͣǾԼܹʱ򿴵ôһҰ

Ǽʹһ׳ʮ֮ĸʱ˫סԼĶ䣬ڰ֮󣬵һʱ䷴Ӧĳ˹==

ڶ翴¥ϰĳ۾ҪҪһѵõɻʱ䣬棬еУòĲڿջ˯һ󣬵峿뿪һǸϡ

˰µ·һ˷糾ͣȫȫûûֵػص˶ǡ

ʱ뵱һ뿪Ѿȥһˣʣһ£Ҫˡ




ſӭһ˻ؼҵСġ

֮ǰԽɽʱΪڷ罨һ磬ŰԭӦûؽСԽɽרŸѵκͿԽɽصԴ

СҲСóȥһֱһԴϸĵůٿĻʱͷˣͽ˾Ǵһ˵ȥˣΨСÿ˶ҪĽͣĻῪ˻Ҫúչˣָ⺢׬Ǯûˣȴʺϸַʵҵ

СҲȷʵɵòڽӹԽɽǸ̯֮µľһȦһȦϵص֪ˣ·ˣֹ죬ԽɽĽ翪һĸ£ˣٸοˡ

һտʼҵɼѾǺˣ֤ڹŴҵ·ʵеġ̻ҿԼȥģ

ԼܹһҵС˾͵뿪ǵʱ򶼲һˣ˵֮ǰҪǰǸͽ˵˵ҲûдڸеСˡ

СǰضǵģԽɽǱıȶҪ죬ǱˣԼʦҲûضˣСľǰˣǾ˳縺˴˾ȫԱ쵼ţ㱨һ빤չ

С˵Щߵûʲô߼˳뵽˵ż˵˵ŷԼĳ£ͻֵͷǼ򲹶һٷ˵һ顣

С˵һܲǺܶգ

Ⱦǳƾٵڶˣ

ǵõ̫ǣʶλƾٳϴ

ǰûｫλϴ˴µƭ˳Ķ˼ҳơ߿ģ⡷Ľ̸ϣ˼ϴĲϣߣָˣųǰһ˵һ塪

Ȼͱˡ

Ϊϴдʵ˿ֿڻۡ

Ÿص㲻ۣ

۵Ķ˼Ҫֱ徭ˣⱾ߾ǿԿʲôõĿ֮Ҫô⣬˳ǰЩĿǿľôĵġ֮оɹ֮ӵĴӾ˭ûаǮĹϵ

ϴԼоɹӵۣȥˣڶ˳ֱҳ񵱼ҵı༭ˡ

ѧǳĵұ༭ԪϼÿҪ˵ĸλģһϴ˸ĵ飬˾

Ȼһֱ˵ĶǻϾҲжڵģһ徭ѧһ붼ܹ֪Ǹöİ˵¸¾ӡϼҪ顣

ϴػȥˣⱾΪ֮ǰŵĿգȡΪƾ٣һģ⡷صľڿƾٿԵ⼰ԼһϴԼ³ģ⣬һƳܺ

Ҫ֪ͷ徭ֽ̲ģûרŽѧӴ⼼ɵأ

ѧҪѧô⡢Ҫ֪ƾٿĴ𰸣ЩÿĹϵԼָͷ©һǡ

ȻΪΪɶôѧӼͷҲҪϺԺ

̲ĶǼΪɶҪʦ

ָ˼ҺͿôһָ׸ǵĹϵ˵ʱ͸⣬вٽƾĿľԷ

ǵƾ٣һģ⡷Ȿ֮󣬹һӾͷˣ

ôôõ飡
ôôõˣ

һȺѧⱾ̸

齲ıǵĶҪãһѪҪ˵дĻϴˣóɱЩҪߺü

Ȿڣѧ̵ƹ˵ѧԺÿοƾٿԺ󶼻һµģϴд

һȺԽԽ

һﻹҪݷ

Ϊƾڽ±仯˵һֱֶֿ֮ӿ鱾֪ʶˣںܶʱû·ѧǳƹˤ֮⣬ٲѰøʦָ㣬ܶʱʦҲֻǻӣȴòΪһǰܵľүү̣ڣһжһˣ

ֻҪһ飬Ϳʡ²ָҪġÑܵõĻر֮ǰѧĶ࣡

ôõһ飬ֻҪǸˣ˭᲻

ƾ٣һģ⡷Ȿһӡᣬͱˣ̵ƹʱǽѧǵĳſڣǮſӡȥö˶ǵſڵأ

˵ʱʢС϶Ժ飬⵽С

һߣֻж೩ĸͽϾʹϧˡ

ΪѧûԼ鼮һֱǶǺЩ̺ÿҪӡȥǻˣΪ̸Ȩźͼͽܸ˲ٺˮ

ٺҲȲ˵̬ҪߣЩ̵ƹǵ̬ȶһ֡ҪǿЩ׬ǮҲŲУͽܿȴҲֻӶ

Ϊһ̸飬ȺƹΪٱȺûĶ˶ſڽǲòѧǵͷ룬ضʮֹ񫡣

ʵ̫ϧˣ
ûܿȺƹǮǿӡǺûȥı飡

Ҫ˵Ϊƾ٣һģ⡷ѧѧĿˢ˸øжȣŽҲɶ˲٣ôӵʼһֱڱ־ĳ˺ôһηͷҳûֳ˱ҵЩ귡

ԣǿƾǱҽоӵġҵЩ꡷

ҵͨһƾٿ³¯״Ԫۺ̽ɣ˱ڵܴ󣬽˳͢ҲǸʵϰĴʥﵱȵģʲߣǵĻȴڳı༭ţ˼Ҷ˵ʹӦˣдˡ

ΪһĻڣǰⱾӡȥˣסܱ͡Ȿ˹棬ÿɻˣٴΪⱾ飬ҹﶼѧſڴأ

СĽ˵˺ܶ飬֮ܶһʱ￿ų̸ϣһѣǰѽѧǳͷȥˣŵĸӹˡ

Ϊϵ糤ﵱȻҲܸˣȻС˵ĻѾԽԽƫˣ˵Ҫ㱨һѧǵķչ״һؽ飬ⶼᵽֳЩµĻǩЩܴˣЩص㣬һ֮󣬴СĶԳϸµ⼸ŵ顣

˲
籨磿
ٱ־磿

طôˣ

Сĵ¶һԸӵı飬ȻԼʦ˲ͱ絹άת

Ϊ󽫾ڰǴʤ̣£һ÷󽫾˹ھ¥ؽ󽫾սǰĹ£һصڱֽϿһ棬ڶڽ󽫾ƽͰǵ顣

񰲳֮սǶǵŻⰡ

һŻǽѧǵ־ס

סڽһѧ

ѧ
ôţ

==æϸһȻ͵ó˽ۡ

򵥶ԣһVSŮĵĹ¡




81.  ڰʮһ   ѧ&

ҪӡסµС˵ʼ˵

סΪһ־, Ϊ־־רһصררŴǩԼߵͶɸѡõʺصĹ, һһµٶȷš

Ҳȷʵ˲Ϊ˿¸ɴ־׷صĶ, Ϊŵѡĵһ¡ǡǸսǵǧСͱ߽սʿİ£൱ĶǸǧʹҹ㡣

ѡµ۹⻹ǺܲģǡȻҲǸ£뵱ʱ²һŮǴʶдֹۣŮһֱΪսϳı, Ļ£ŹҲͲ׵ԭ, ˭֪ϲŮ, ǲ˵

һһŮ˹ҹµĹ, ΪǶǲɶõĺ˺Ůˣһֶ໥ϲȴһֱŲ˵ӵۡ

˵ڡǡصǶʱ䣬ס־յһĶŶǴ߿Ůһġ

һɣӣ

ôңһһ½, Сһ˿ô죡ѻ˵

ʲôʱһһɣ

˲һⱲӾͲסˣԼŰɣ



ŵʱ, ̾ͰŮǱһŲ·Ⱥ˽һ, һٺһ㣡

ǵǡŮ໥׵һڳ, Ȼˡסһ¼֮ൽ֮һµϲϡ

̸֮һѧ֮ǰᵽǡΪ˵ڡסĶ֮, ൱һֶߣŮ߾ǳרǸعģһεѧҲȺǸڳġ

ǡ󣬡סƳµС˵صĹ¸ɫһ¼£ֻǳԺӼҵŮδ״Ԫʲôģһɴ飬ѧš졷д¡

ͳ»ϵǸϡ

סƳع½СܳСү

ܳʷϵһҲǧʷˣ֮ǰĵһԽľǽԽܳģֽСԽ֮ҵܵӡΪǻҵⱾŷǳõȴֻƽƽڡڱܺõ˺١һҵġ

ܳСүͬ͵Ĺ£ҲǴԽֻһԽȥǳӣһȥү

Ʋܳûү鲻ܣСڽʱԼʦؽܵĲݣдⱾߡ

ߵμǽѧٿĵһĻᣬдĹ֮дߵģ֪ʦǲǵã

ͷ

Ǽǵ׳Ļд˸ĵĿͷʱһʱõ²μĻĻԱд£ʲôġ

ûӡ

СѵǸһʱȢʮŵģ

&ͽܣŶ~ˣ

ŵȻûȡƪģѧԪչǩߡ

ЩĥλߵıʺҲĥ˳д¹¡ܳСүһƪڴԽˬģýĸȽܳİգϹ˵Ĺۣ¶һ¿ϴ˸ˮһˬ

Ҳˣ˺üûӵλһΡסѡµعʱ˱༭ۣƾΪһ꡶סҪصĹ¡

һëֵµǱضҪȢüšС۵

ʵϲӦ˵ǺüţⱾгյŮԽɫȫǵĺ󹬣

СѾͷŮһɫ۷ݵĳ֮£ɲҪҪݡҪҲҪŮˡ

ס¿ŮѹҽԼ̨һԱһ¸ʱ򣬵磬ѧǳĴžͱһȺӾˡ

ȺӾǡסʵߣӡסصһ¡ǡʱһ־ƽİþ˽ڼһסϵĹ¡

ȻǾͱܳСү¸ըˣ

дĶʲôŮдôûӣҵҪú

ǣ˽гȢ˼Ӱ֪֪дȢ˿ʮˣ

־¸˻һѵѧûкõ𣿵дطʱľ𣿣СҪĹ£Ҫ˭ģ

˵仰СŻɫȹССģȴ㣬վӵǰһ֪ͷġ

Ϊ־ĵұ༭׾վдȺСӡ

ߵϢȻǲܸģȻһϢ͸¶ȥ컹˭Ըأ

ҪܳСүҲǲܵģЩӾӦôңݲֻܳСүڡסغ־ԭȶɣ׾˵ʲôҲ¸ġ

ڵǸдطʱ߾ڲڣûд¡

׾鸴ӵؿǰСӡ

ţ׾ıǾ




СİԼʦʦʦһӭ˽ѧǵĺԺҲǵļңʦͽϴ껻·֮󣬲˵Ĵߴ֮¼˵һӾ־硱־顣

׾ǽѧǵһλԼߣоʱĻд˸Ĺ£һ۾ͱŴʮУѧ߱˵飬ȡΪطʱڵǡ

֮󣬽Ҫһ־׾ΪλǩԼߣΪ༭רŸصרѾ־ǰı༭ˣֵй̶Լߣһ뿪Ǻ󣬸ǳ־ʵȨ༭־˵һ

߲־飬ʵҲǵһˡ

Գɵ¡ССصʱҲвٲֻܽܵѧſ֣двʲôġ

԰׾ʵڽ黹зḻģʵ·һȰӡ

׷һԼʵ֮һоͱˡ

طʱҲкЩˣ׾ΪѾû˼ǵˣȴ뻹˼ǵãһһֱдµߣҲԼдµĹ¡

ԼĶ߰

׾뵽ԭΪȺСĲ˲ˣ˵֮ǰҪͲ٣͵ߴֵʵϰ˸顣

˵λӦ֪ЩҪ󣬡סû취ӦģһӦǾ޷ԶôĶߣҲ޷ôסΪߡ

ܹöסСǵȻҲǶµģڷŭҲ֪ԼҪǿѣֻǶվˣõЩʲôͻȥδԵȺŮ̫ûã˽ֱﲻ

ȴ룬׾һ仰ȴת˿ڷȻλ˲£ΪβԼдһҪסصĹͶأҽɰٴݸֹ£Ҳݸߡ

Сӣ𣿣

էһ룬ȴǸ⣬ǿôĹ£ΪβԼдһ˿أ

ܳСү֮԰ŮдΪ˶ôŮ˵

ǺβԼд£дŮôģдЩСӵʲôô飬ôҵأ

һȺԽԽ˷ܣҲԼ־ĳʲô׾Ͷ壬Ҫд֣ҪʲôôܳΪǩԼ֮һȺ˳뿪ˡ

ͽ룬׾Լû뵽ֻǿοԼߵһ仰ֵôɡ

Ƕʱ䣬־յСӵͶѩһֶֺ񣬵ȻҲһЩȷʵдñȽϳɫĹ¡

׾ֻ֪ȺſڵСӷСܳСү£Ϊ£˵ߣȺСӵͶһƪΪڶƪع¿ǵס֮ϡ

ѡľǻСӵĸ

Ȼִˡ

ΪСΪ˷ԡܳСүƪģдһƪŮġ

ͬǴԽͬǴԽɴԹ󣬡ܳСүүСӴǹүĺɽˮүŽķ쾪ˣź˵ʫԵǧӡ

ү˶ʮС檣Ǳ߹˶ʮһг衣

үһŮΪүɽ͸үԸһӣǱ߹ɹĹĸԸλùǻΪ

үʫһףκԼԼүűΪ檣Ǳߣһ㱻ɶСģԼĹ

ƪŮһϡסרж߳ŭǾ¼ֱǻƣ

ԽʱǶûûƣµʱԵ˵ˣСŶƪµĳ

ȻŮҲŭˡôţеĻƵӵұŮдһԼˬһˣ

ŮУһ׷סصķΪ£ӻҡɷؿշ¥絽̸µ

ǽѧǵ־һαŸûˣһһţ׾ڵһȺ༭ŵûˡ

ǷȵġסɴµͬʱһµıררſǶ˵ıȽϺõЩЩ

¾ԽԽԽԽ󡭡

ֵʥ˵ĳ֮ϣǸһ򿴲ߵʷ£Сĵ

ʷǽѧĺڷۣǸˮīңʮֿ߽أҲѧǣΪᣬнѧǵĶӱֽ־ĻȫҪ©

һΣҵˣ

ŮΪΪΥٳΥӡ֮˼ʥسͣ

ȻأȻʥô˵ģ϶̲סʡ

ʥô˵ģ

һμǡܽкõʥˣôһԾŮдƪĵǸҪĴأ

˼ʥ˲Ǹ£²̫ܹصص־йص־ȫ˻רøԼŮǿۡ

һ׵̫ӣҲ͵͵С־ͶݸӣֱĿдƪս¡

һǣԭֺܴøˣ춼Ѿȥ˰˸ˣûҡ

źͼͽýζֻԼһߵֵ̫ˡԽɽͰǵ飬ԶһΣգ

һ˿ˣֻܿС˵˵ķչ񫡣

Ȼأ
ڷչʲô׶ˣ
أжߺŮ˭Ӯˣ

˷׷ĽȣСͷ뵽ʲôȻӻͳһźɫ

ȻǰЩ죬׾Ǽǲμӻȥ
з־ı༭׾ŮǸסͶд¼Сӣ
˵ԵǽѧǴٳɵأʦʦֻһȥСҲȥİɣ

ţʲôչ

ɥżδȢ־糤ͽܣΪ༭ȻµǩԼ߽ˣ»ǻ£᲻־Ӱ죿

ͬ϶ѣӣȥǶXŮ

δ޵òָصС壺ĽȻôܽQAQ

ԭֵĻΪһŻ_(:١)_

ָǵ˿ʼԼӸشĶҽ֮ǰǸЩ©ȱȻַСÿĿᣬñıȥϲƵľȥϲơ

Ҳã־Ҳã˲ҲãҲãЩͶȨƽȥˣͷ˻㱨һܲĴҶòֲһԽɽһӪҲʼӯ֮˾ȫͶ뵽

һǴԺĽӪ

һѧڲƶȵĸĸ

ڴ֮ǰһҪ

֮ǰƽǵңŽѧǳ٣ʥʾ

ڣƽصǣ˳ʥ˽ǵ񡭡

ʱȥʥ˸Ľˡ

ֻǡ֪⽱ʲôأ




82.  ڰʮ   &Ա

ŷǶ, һ˵ִﶼǺĵҹİݷõؼҡ

ûҹ
ûĵġ

Ȼ, ƽǵ, ųСȻûʲôº󰲶ǰյģǿٽɳ͢Щȴȫŵһݡ

ǣŪյǡǲܵġ

ûŵʱʥԱֽۡҪҡĽ

ûʥҪȥһ°ǵ, սֻ̫ܽӵֶӸŵ˽żд˽

û֪͢ⳡг˶, ʱֻ˷󽫾

Լʹ͢ʥ˶ŵĹ֪, ҪҲֻĵĸ, ܸĶҲʲôλְϵ̨ģǡ

֣صشӻͳһϣȻŲŵǰ

֣صرƵʵǺװذһõȻϸĵضκ, Ȼͷ⡪

ȣ͢һ֮󣬲໥֮俿£, , ϸĵͼ͢Ȼһֵĵ

ǣ

ȻûŸ, ֿЩָصַڳ⡣

⣿
иƨã

رģֻҪǽٵľ룬Ϳ췿ӽӣΧŶǴڵĴׯô, Ҫڳⰲңﻹõų͢

ԼôΧôΧ

͢ô֮ʣŪŲ㶼ˣ֪ʱĶ׳һס

ʥѾҪˡ
˵仰ʱƽ

Щڵأ֮ͽڶǳڵأɴ˿̿Щֵ͵·ͼǹѾƺõĵǺǵĲͼ

仰˵ЩȻڳ⣬˶Щؾͻᱻ͢ˣʱ򹤲Щطµ·µͽֵһһƫ̵Ľֵصĵ

Щζʲô

ζſɵԼƬ췿ӣ԰Щˣ

һӾͼˣ

ʵһֱҪԼԼ췿ӵģӳɱʡǮһԼӼҼǴǲɣʶҲߡ

ȻǵرȷӻҪмУһƴĵطҲѾռˣҪأΨϵķһ˲УűƵòӡ

ڣ
һжˣ

һ£꣬͢ԼĵأһֵģƫģҲڶڰ

ֻҪȳ͢ǵϢЩԭڶؾͻȫ鳯͢УΪԱͨƷŲԼ췿ҲãǰЩػǮҲãпΪ

ȻݳͺܹˣڰʵҲûʲôʧ෴׬˲٣ȻһʼšпһȥСķգʵڰǹͦõģûûţͽܻҵԼδİ£ȻǰĶôġ

ȨĵĶȻڰúܺã֪δƵ飬͢ǻҪæҪ͢ȴһǮؾǮ򷢡

顣

͢˰¶Ǹְλģ˼ҸɵĻЩҪĶ࣬ðΣգõȴЩˡ

Ρ

һΣλҲӺѵޱԲһίͰ͵ģΪΪΪǻңȴ⵽˶Դ

һʱŶǸԼҶҲʹûŵ

ɻҪʲôԺͱ˵ԼΪ

һ˼˵ҪĶ
ʱ˾ˣ

˼Ƭ̣Ȼ˿ڣ




ǰһ£ǰնʼæðʱ򣬳͢ͻȻһըԵϢ

ǣ

Ҫˣ

Ҫµ·ҪΧһȦӶɽء

ſδǵĲͼأȥпյأǼһжǮ

ȥʲô⣿ǮݡܱˣܱǸ滭ͼˣ



ǵİǶϢסˣȻʼ˽´ǵ飬Ҫ󣿻Щ·ЩܴõЩʲô͢᲻

£ʱʵһ£ζеĳǽҪŲҪ޽µĵ·µķӡɸ˿ЩǻĵصĵطҪǮҪܶ£֮Ǻ鷳

ɼʹˣǵİȴԳ͢ûʲô顪

Ϊǵ˿ʵ̫ˣ
ൽѾסˣ

һ£ԭΪһʢ׶طҲǰòᣬӽ£⣬յܻҪطġ

ȵǰӻʵʮ־ԱԼͳһ׼İȴǸŴʮ˰ӣÿ껹ŻߣʮǱصİշſ˶ƤӣصİոһҪ

ټθ֣Ǵӿڡ

˿ڶǰѾˣ꣬ǵİһֱ˿̫šûƾ꣬ٴǲμӿƾٿԵľڳת˼ȦҲûҵסĵطձƲס͵ȥô

Ա͢ΪӸ˰ܻҪȥµĳǽǸϣǵĺδɼ˿סÿ㣬ǵķۺٽһ

͢ǰȷҪĸ飬Ҫļ·ЩֵЩǿģЩǳ͢ҪԼõģԼҪӶٵͶÿ˵нǶ֮ġ

ǵİÿܱȫ۹Ͷڳ﹤ȥְ͢׬ǮԼ򷿵ȸִٴ룬Ϊݡ

ڶǵİնΪҪʼ׼ͬʱѧһεĻϣóĶͼֽëպϺɫīˮȦһطʾ

ѾطˣԺͶǽѧǵģ

֮͢˽µĹϵͽǲ֮ڿڵģͳһھҧ˵ԼǮ߶ĹϵĵأΪʲôôȴûҪһǮ

ⲻҪ

Ҫеˣ
ԾҪӵеǸԺö࣡

ȻϽѧǵĹǸϢʮܣһʾ޴ĲƲõúãѧǾٸһ¥ǵĹҲܸһ¥

һȺ˿ǿ鱻Ϳúͮͮĵطֻֽճȭ

һְ
һ֣

վŷŴĵͼǰһ֧ϸëպɫīˮʼ˵ԼĹ滮

͢ɷصλòǺܺã忿δĳǽֺԶǿԤϵõʱãϲʲôˡ

̣ȻһƧסլ

Ҵһأֵĵ̺ͷӡ

˵ţͰѺɫһˡ

мҵ֣һж֣һ֡

ֶ¥ϲ˹ݺͽµĴԺڶϣֵҲǵλõһ֣ϵĵҲȽӣѧܲϡ

ŵĴ㣬һأ־̣ΪԽѧһ䶯

ҴÿһŶֿÿӵԼ˲ͶС⣬Աٻ࣬иԵȨ

ѧԭȾ൱һ˾Ȼ˲硢־硢硢ȸţڣҪľǰѽѧǵܹ˾ȻѸŲȥǳΪͬ͵ķֹ˾

ôȻԼ뷨

֮ǰΪҵ񶼲ټǼҵ٣һɻҲûʲô⣬һвһˡ

˵߿λϸŵĹǸɾӢˡ

ЩŬÿŶѾ˶׬ǮǶԼ̶İӣҪһ̨ʩչֽšѧǻ̫СˣҪѴҷֳȥλܹʩչԼĲŻ

εԭŲûеŴҵ˵ǾѾо˾ڲ֮Щˡ

˵֮˺˲ŵͺܴ

Ĳ˵˵ڵԪϱ༭ʵ־ı༭ٱ籨֮ǰſƾнʵϰкܴһʵϰڽȥ־繤ˣǧȥһŸɻҪĵܺܣ

˲ҲвٵǴ˲תģ֮ڿһң˭֪δأ

˵硭

ⷽأǱ־©ģǩԼ൱һֻûб츳˵ˣûԼķкףڸ糤ʱǰ̧ͷ

ǰźͽǶڶǿңһֱⷽ⣬Ϊ쵼ûȻҲ̫˭ǡҳߡ˿أ

ԭҪϵӤˣ֮ǰССȥͻΪֻһڷ֣һǺõĺ飬Ժ֣ǾͲһˡ

ȻּҡϢ˳һʼЩСŤǺܿѡ˽ܣҿʼЩҵҪôֵ顣

˲ĵ̾ǶѾõĴԺˣһηֹ˾ܲС壬е˵˺Ա֣оͰ϶

Լı༭ͼߣҲԼĵؽӵκű֮ģȨȽϺûֵġ

Ψһһľ־ͳ֮ǰǹõǩԼߣ˫ڱЩ־ǩԼߣЩǳģдС˵й澭Ķ˳磬Ѿ־д־硣

Ա꣬ʽķ䡣

Щֹ˾ߵǹɷƣΪܹ˾ÿֹ˾ռĳɵĹɷݣʣµɷֹ˾Ա쵼֣ǮⷽҪɱԱѶˣҪҲҪ꣬ʱʱôҰһжġ

˵ͼѾһֺɫصô֮󣬴ҵĿ־۽ʣµһϡ

֮ǰһرֵ̣ʣµһأ
Ҫʲô

ʣµһ췿ӡ˵
Աᡣ




83.  ڰʮ   Ա&Ϸ

ԱһִڹŴ㳣Ĵ

˼, ԱȻִһЩҪЩ

ΪѧǱ˲ٷǶǱصԱԼҲǶǱ, Աʵڶⷿס, ˵ԱҪԼ֮һнڷ档

ټϽѧǲԱʻ䣬ӵһԼİȵסÿһε˶Ҫõ飨Ų˵ǷСҪȴûл鷿뵽һģ

Ϻͽѧǲʵġ˾Ѿð˺üˣǻѧϰŽѧǵӪģʽҰĲ, һҪڽѧǵǽǡ

Ϊ˷ֹڲ˱ǽţҲΪ˾, žʣµһƬסլ, רṩѧûзӵԱס

, ļҾߺסҲͬλĸ߳üΣֻҪϼ룬Ҫ󣬾Ϳһֱס, ٵĻз𣬻߽ͻȻɨسš

ңֻҪڽѧǹʮꡢְλﵽһ̶ȡǽ㹻׵Ա, ѧԸ⽫ס׷ֱӹ£

仰Ա

һ׷
һ׶ǳڵķ໣

һ, ûзĽԱ۾һֱֽ, ԭڶǵԱҲ

Ҫ֪˵仰ʱвû޶ᣡҲû޶ûз

ֻҪЩҲܹõһ׷ӵĽ͡

찡

һڶҲܶһ׷ֻҪ湤ʮͿɵõˣ

ʲô˵ģ

ǱڽɵĻͺɣÿֻҪд͹, һﶼÿÿܶǮõı˿ۣʱʱܵõֺͲѾɹˣȻ֪ΪʲôǵϰܾÿǷƵģ

ŵļͽܶĴֱʸˣ

ǱǮȢӣͬʦ˵ֻҪڽù״󣬵ʱǵġԱᡱԼķӣȫɼҰ

֮ǰΪֹ˾µָͲ˲ΪذϢĨƽˣһȺﻹԼǰһʲôͳͳĶҪúøɻõĵطǿⱲӶҲڶˡ

ȻԱҪŻϳ͢·󲿶һӽ֮ӦЩԱסȥͳѾݱؿʼˡ

ͳŵĴͽԳɺСͽС壬ΪӴѧǴĹǳ֮ŷˣҲȷʵԵ˵ΣͳȺò۲۲ƫС

Եǿȫʶʱѯ֪ǵʦű֮˱Լʦǰѯ˾˭Լƾʲôķӡ

һѽ˸ˡı

ʵˣǶʮˣֻ˵Ϊȶ䷿ѡ

ʮһϷӣҴطҵһϷӣ죬Ϸͻѧ˲ȥԺ˵仰ʱ˲ĸС塣

Ϸӣ
Ϸӣ

֮ǰڽǰϷʦ˵Ϸ಻ǽɢ˾Ǳڸĸۡ

ǼʦεͨȻڽĶڵһ֧Ϸӣ

ſǣЦأ






Сţүһ֧ǰʹŵϷӣ



һŻʲôҪʱʵѾŻһЩȽϹֵ

ҪѧǱĿɽͬСֻҪһЩΪѧǵǩԼߣ̫Ҫɷʲô뵽ˣΨû뵽СӾȻ֧Ϸ࣡

ſҲǸϷˡ

ɽ
г͢ʥɽ


ֻҪĽѧǼȥû־֮ʿĶ顣

Ϸͬ

ǿǰĻһ˴Ǯϸѡڹеһ֧ϷӰ
ۼʵǿһȺң

ִһǡҶӡģ

Ļʵ۴˻ʹ˻һ֮ȺҶӵңΪĻţҲǺ͢Ԫϴڸǰ嶨ʱ϶һǳΪһ¹ҵĴʼˣĻʵ۱ǰֲ磬ܹڻʹһȺϷӡ

Ͱ֧Ϸ͸ҪֹصĵܵܶϣԼԵܵܵĸۡһݣ

ַʽĵֻܵܶǰȺϷڿᶼûҪȺҶӵķų¸οȺ==

ôñͨĻʵۣ
ôĶ

ͣȴ֪Ⱥ˵ļֵ

һԺԺʱҪݳӽͰһԱ϶ǲģһȫûⰡ

žԼҪֱ׳žԼҪĺžȺڶĹҶһܸмǵıؼա

Ĵȥɣ
ݣݣ
ϷıǸٹǸʥһҿģ俴Ϸıݣ

ȻϷϰȻôġ

ǰһºϷһŴӶ˳סԺԺ

ϰȻն˵Ѿʮˣ˱úܺãŻʮģӳʱ̬ȺƽһŴѯҪݵľĿ֮ġ֪ԺϷ͹ǰ֮ͨͨϰֳǿҵķԺų⡣

˫ϲഫݳʼҸ߹ǿģϷϷ䵽Ϸ

˫ϲϣ

ͼλϵİҴԺʱϰĶͷ쵽ӺԺһֱԺǰŶ

񿴵öϷڳʲô𣿡
öϷдת˶ٴ𣿡
ʲôʸϷ򳪣

ͼλǴԺԱ֣ԼҪݵСƷȣȻֱһĳ

Ҳбݣ
µҲϷվһϷ̨ϣ
µȥµ˱ݣϷ˫ϲ˸Ըʶ䣡
񡭡

ž
ϰҪ󿪳ȴһ仰û˵꣬濪ʼԵ̬ʮѺһϣޱվ

һһһһµˡ
ʲô
ǰĻҺü˳Ϸ˲Ⱥ˵໹еļµأҪҪҴȥǱն׵Ǹпڼʶʶ

˵ӻͳһֽһϡ

ҲԸ⻹ǲԸ⣬үѾϷתøˣ˫ϲѾˣ˸ҲӻȥϷٴҪߣϷָ뿪

Ҫʲô͸ʲôҪݸ˭ݸ˭

ΪһˣֻҪĹ̬ǲǶÿһεݳǷͿˣ

ڣŵֱˡ

̸̸ϷൽĴ

£

ϰӦһƨλϣһɨ֮ǰŵ棬ŤŤ졣

¾£ô׸ʲô

ҲʾԺĸСǰʼһλӲϰЭϷ˵ԺĴ

ϰһ֡Ǳ̬ȫ˴Ȼ鲻Ըǩ֣Ϊ˽ԺһλǩԼˣõΪԺ˺ĵһݡͨ桱

᣿С
Ǹʥ˻гд󳼱ݣһδС

СĵؾλҵıнӳһߵĻݡҲݳ

ǰͨڲѡǣҲ˵ҪеļǰͼݣɼܲܲμӸʥ˾ٰݳ

˵꣬Сܺĵضǰ±Ƶϰ¶һòʧе΢Ц




84.  ڰʮ   屠

˫ϲϰǰ˫ϲһϷ, ǰΰ󣬴ӽ˫ϲĵһǼڽ͢ϳ֮, ͳ-Ϸӡ

-Ϸ, ΨһĲǲǱҪӳиҵϷӣҪ-Ϸֻ޶볪һӵϷĺӣǿѡδҪʲô

ϰֱ仯ûģΪûкӡ

ϷְҵΪƶȵ, һоһӵ飬˿಻, , ϰȻǺߡ

ϲϷ, ִ˲ƣһʱͿ޿ŤŤȴڿҿҲԹΪ˱ԼϷࡢϷְҵȰ, ԼҪ˻ö֮, Ҳûټǵϰʲô˵ǰΰӹ֮, Ϸ˽, Ϸ˽

𡬘

ڴλƽԼΪζڸͨձôˡ

ǣѣ㿴һӾС󳤽

ĹʵⲿӾǰ벿ֵŮΪԭ, һĽС屠

󳤽񡷵ǰƲŮʵľСӺСʱͽʹʦѧϰôˣһֱ屠ĹҲࡣ

ʹǸȼɭϵĵطΪʼϷ࣬˫ϲҲϸ񣬰Ӹն˫ϲһ˼ľôѧͽ油油ʽ̨ϷӣǵǣӸٹǳϷʸʵ۳Ϸ

룬񵱳йͻȻĳ챻һŵ˼ݵʱ뵽ǸɫǸʲô飬Ͳò˶ʸΪʼ˳Ϸİ𣚣һ֪ͲǻʼϷࡢԺҪǳϷʱˡ


֮ΪϷBUGͻȻһطִ壡

֣ڿɱˣмҲԼ˽ԺʵԼֵ

ҪģǸⲿ屠дĹ¡

󳤽Ůǳڱ䵽ļݵ֮ѧҽҵԼĵڶֵҲȫԸϰĵڶֵ

ǶĵڶֵӦ˵ǾϰֵۣϾ

ʵ۱ݲŽбݣձǽж䡱иʲôһΰӦеֵ۰
仰˵ȥᱻ˴İɣ

ȻҪıһˡһȺ˵ļֵۣҪһḶ́ʱɱ;óɱдϰ˫ϲڴԺķչ滮֮ﲻͣѪ

ΪӶ˫ϲϰǹҶż񣬱Ĳ˵ǰʵرܣѡ˱ضֵʵǿȴȺƷǣȫﲻʼֵڲŻƷż׼

һȺǵۣõȴһܳϰ

һˡ
Ѫ

֪ܲȥ˻
ջڻûأ

Ȼһʵġ󳤽񡷺ܴУҲҲܷǮһҪһʥȥһֻϰ𯱻˵ļֵ

Ȼ뷨ܿŹ̫ܹܵĵ˸ı䡣



ʥ̫ܹԺ˵ҪͣôӶţʥҪڳϦҹٹԺԼڽȥ￴ɽսʼ˵

ںʥ˺ͳ͢һۿ͹ôִĲԼС

Ȼʥ˵ƢԸͰöžʵǸǳƽ׽˵ĻʵۣҲ֪Ժӭһλض𱬣
һֱμһŴ磬Ȩϣָߵ͹ν黢ϻƨáҪȫԼҪԶ

ȻʥȤζͶ˵ʱ뷽跨Լһλʵ֮⣬ûеʥ˵ˣʱͨСӺ̫ӵλ쵼˶Իġ

˵ʥ˻Ҫ治ŵĹ

ֻһĺЧӦ

ʵǵǵ顣

뿪֮Լȥˣڰɾҵҵһİ֪ȴûʥ˸Լλսüµĺѱ

˼Ұڰ飬硢ᡢŻ֮һЩ޾ϸȫдʥ˵ˣ

ˣ˼һдøһƪˬƵģ/𣬸ִСӲΪ߼֪ʶӵѧ˿ղܣ˺޲һٶ

˸ˮƽһۣȻģÿ۵ͬʱҲʮϲµĵΪ˸μǡͺ޲ðɻɽĻʵ۱˲Ķ

ɽ첻һ°ǰǿͻѵʲô¶

εĵܵܶҪһᣬҪһΡɽսĻ飬ҲҵúܺãСͬ֡˳Ժ档

ʥ˰ѻ˵ˣŻܹܾ

ŵȻԥʹӦˡ

ȻӦһʱˬº᳡

ʱһ¡ʥ˰չԼλ̫еһλɵԺݰָӭʥݵʱŴλ̫ѧ˸ԡ

ʥֶôӭӵġ
̫֣Ҳûִ󲿷ֲм״򽻵TOT

ǻʵߵĴ̫࣡

ʥ˲ûΪŵ˼ͨСӸ͸¶ΪǴԺѡָ̫̫֮ƽ׽ˡƵġ

ȻʥȻһ⣬ע̫ǶضǺƿɰƽ׽˵ģΪСʧȥĳλӴڻʹ֮нūһˣ̫࣬ǻʵߵĴ̫࣬ע˻ʵʲôҲġ

#ʥһϵΨһʹ#
#µԸұԸ#
#ñ¹ҲŻ#

㣬֪齵ڵĽԺʱԺͬźͽѧһ˵ڵһɹȮľء

̫˵ΪӭʥݣԺرһ£ڼ䲻κİ˳ڴԺڣһÿ춼ҪԴԺɨݶһҲ٣

Ȼһʥ˵ĵ죬ԺʲôóֵĶʥ˿˸һӼҿǵģСɾҲ𣡡

ԭһ˵ţ
̫ŵ˯ҰĨߵĽˣQAQ

̫˵Ժŵˮ////ʲôĶ̫ˣҪжҪƤӵһ鶾԰ÿһƷֶһ飡

һʥ˺͸λ˳Ķ/ҭ/Jô죿ʥλ˶ǹ֮һԺҲҪ~

˵ڳ˿һµһط˹ԱԼʵһطԵĶ֮󣬵صѪȴʽ

ԭСȥʳţ
ི̫Ĺſ޵Ľѧˣ

̫Ҫ

ӼҪǰһĿۻȾʥ˵۾ݵʲôֱӼҵۣ컻

ӼҪھԺͬλòͬĽһ±ݵȷݳÿһλ˶ܱ顭ΪʲôôССøӽһǴôǹʱι𣿣й

ʲô֪ôӼҲ֪ǲ˲Ӽңֵıضǣ

Щƣϵʱ̨Ϳ壡Ǵʥ˯𣿣



̫һһӼҡѴԺָӵ÷űﵽ￼ʳ⣬쵽￼찲ȫ⣬ֱﵽ̸̨Ա飬˶ˣ

̶ʱԼ꣡
ôôëˣ

̫˴Ժйϯϵλ̨ϵԱ̨ʣҲ˰˸ӣԺķݶƬƿһ飡
ʱͶԴԺ䣬ûüڶǵǼǻ԰ǵԱ˳һʡ

µǣλ̫˵Щ©ȷʵǴڵġ

˴Ժɾһ񱻼ߴͽܳɽѹ֮⣬ָ̫©Ŷûнİ취

Աˮƽ˳Ϸ

Ͼûѧݰ·ҵģĶͽܺͽ츳׿һϳǸݼۣԱ˴Ӱǵһ·ıݣҲǰԼݼˮƽȺʮԱˮ׼ѡ

ܹĮ̇꣬Ȼ涨ĶŶҪǸࡣ

λ̫ҪҪ̨ϵÿһ˰ų̂ʵȺԱҪ鶯ȫλһۿȥϷ

ִȦרҵĵطҲֻСֵĵӾ͵ӰҪ󣬸Ҫ˵ǹŴˣ

һµʱ䣬ôȺҵԱˮƽǵϷǡˮƽ

ŵĹ̨ԱĶ԰ף

һ㹤ŵһԺ鿴޽ʱҲ˵ˣû취鰡

ֲִе硢˷Ͷ̨ϵԱҲûѧʲôʨ𹦣ڿоֻܴôԶô죿

ʵ԰ףֻҪֳ㹻ģΪ͹µ⣬˽ô죿ûѾڵúüû˯þһͲС˼ңϰһ㲻

Ҳʥ˻Ⱑ
Ͳܱ˴˷ŹԷ

ΪмˡִϹܺϵĹõͬһĴ̫ʮرʾ

治С

Ǹƹ˷һģҲٱԹһˣǿƼˮƽ⣬һĿڶ˵ĿƼһ취ûС

ʣµĹ̲ˮӻЩ̵Ķһ漰ľô࣬ʥֲ˼ҪƱǮټһ´ԺܴձմԼ͵͵ϰ

ⲻգǽѧǸհЩŸ˷ֹ˾ֹܲ˾Ǯɣ

̫ڷ̻ʵ۱£ԼıµõôϷļ֣ûûҹΧŴԺתԱõĻױҪ뻮һ¿û⣬ԺĿǰֵ¼ʮֽͷ

Ժ˶Ҫλ̫ڵʱϰ𣚣˫ϲİӸԺԼͬڳ˵ۺͽ׼Ժ˳ֵͬС˵зɽɫһʹһ˵ǰ

˵ͽҰɡ

˵ô򵥵飬ڳģǡ󼸸ϰû˵ڣŲ²ǵ񡢼ûʶ֮Ĳ̫õĴʻ㡣

ѾҪˣ
ҪϰӧλëĴ̫࣡

ʹ
˼ʹ
ôôɰˣ

ϰӹʮŴֽ̫ߣӷ

Ϊϰʹ̫һڹﳤģ˵˼άģʽ߼ʮһ£һֱ۾۾ӲǱӵĴ̫ϰȴһЦӰڣ˵Ҳ˺ܶࡣ

̫˵ЩԱУ
ϰͷʾͬüǾͰ˸ˣ

Ȼͷβȿһᣬݵʮ֮ǼԱ˫ϲˣٹ˽ɶǸ˰ĿɶͽΣԼ

Ż˺ܴŰڴ̫ϰ𯿴ֱֳĽĿ

ĽĿǱȽϼ򵥺ͶСģڴСһֱڱݵ˫ϲִں赸ĽĿʽȫܹԦ̶죬Ⱥ˾Ͱ̨ʱ졢ȫͶ뵽֮ˡ

ϰ𯻹ָ˫ϲ洩һ˺öϷѡΣǸ̽ſ˿ȻȻ̫ĿܺãҲһֻ۱һֻ۵Ĭˡ

ڻ硶ɽսϰֳ˶ͱݷʽľ̬ȡ

һͦϲֱ׵Ľµķʽ̨ȫͶ뵽еıݱضܹ񫣬һ棬ҪҪ赸־˷ԼѧһӵϷ

ˡɽսԱϰһûֻΪңֳָһ˵ݼݼռһݼļޣȻЩݼ׽ֱӵģ˸վλ

վʱƹ㵽ʱͷԣ͵λãʥϾͿǸʺˡıˡ

˵仰ʱұʥˣ뱳ţ֪֪ÿЦʱһһģŵʥ˵ģj

ʣµ̨ʶصԱ

ϰĬһ£Ѿ籾˹ֱӰѾһģ˼ҵ̨ʸɾûˡ

һĻţ
ϰҲǸϸżǣпܳΪһϸĵݡ
һԲϾ͸ϲԱϷѲϲԱϷȫŪʲôģ׼Ȧ鰡
ԵݰϱŮ_(:١)_

Ա⣬̫˵̨Ա̨ʣ
ϰͷ˵ǾͰѴԺһ£

ڶ죬Źǿʼٵˡ

ŴΧһλʮȫܰŷ̨ϲ۵ĵط˼˹ӣȻƵ˹ϯĸ䣬ܴЩдﵽ˷̨ԱЧ

˵ǰϷ̨ǲõַʽûʵ¸һɻҲڳм佨ݵİĸġ

ԭ޷ڵϰ֮øס

еĹ̺ͲˮϰŴ̫ܱǣҵ˴̫СʥϲĿζȻϰ𯷢Լ粻ö๦ӲǺƵЩǲһ֡ʥ˿ҵĶҵңЩôôԺǮأӦͲŶԡĹ߼һǮûİˣԺʡһʳɱѡ

ڵƹ⣬ϰֱһŵӸ̫࣬ȥЩϷڻʹĶȻԼָ̨ﵷĵﵷĵģȻĵĳֲִɫƹĸо

Ŷԭ㿴͸һֱ˫ϲĹϵǢ֮Ŵϰ֪Щƹҹ֮Ķйء

ҹ鰥
оӣ

ڴԺΪһԼΪ˸ʥ׼ݳ˷ѵľѣϰҲҵ˵ط

ʴ̫Ҫһݵʱ򵽳ԱͳϯĻ˸ͼ˰źλȻȦλòùƫûǴ߰˸λȻ͹ĶƱˡ

ǵǮ˶ˣ

뿴ǶǵһԺݳݵĽĿȫûģ
뿴Լһ￴ݵĶʲôײˣڿݵĹ̵ʶôһ

˭ܵõƱϦҹ˭Ϳ´һӣ
˭ܹΧ˵仰˭һ׬ˣ

йϵǮ˶ˣϰȷ˵ǸǮõƱģҪĿɸѡǮ֮͡

Ʊһݳļ۸ȻĿࡢƱ˶̾Ϣ֮УϰֲóһƱ

ղǳϦҹƱǴһɽսһƱ

ţ

ȵѳϦҹһֱߵƱ֮ȥɱ֮ľ󡭡

ϡסһµˡ

ϰ寃Ǹ˲Ű

ڵˣ

һºĳϦԺʽʼ˶µġԺȳ




85.  ڰʮ   ɽսײ

ϰʹ̫˫ؼලָ֮, ԭֻϴֲڵĽĿͻһ鳤òʯõ˽ϸĺͳĵһһ֮ɱһǶΪ֮̾ġԽ

Ϧ峿־Ѿǵİ¾, ӵдԺƱǼλ˻ܹԼƱڵӼֱ߳Ժ, һ춼֪δԼ뿪ңԸ

Ȼʥ˱ԼҪֵͬ飬ҲܲҪӰյǳ̫ӶҪô

һ⽨ûʲôȻʵ۵Ҫˡ

ҳϦǺϼһʱ, ǵİڰǰѾðûҪŵĴ, ֵҵ, ˱, ʥ˺ٹټٴԺֵİ˵ûʲôʥΪĴš

ԺòûеôһԺٸڣΪÿڴԺϯϴþ, ڴԺŵλٸ

ʥ˴Ļʺλһھ̨ĵһţ̫ӱ˻ʹһ˹Ϧ

ţһλλԱķ˺ͳϯ

ÿһﶼһŽԺɷĽĿ, ĿĲ

еĹڶǸ߼֪ʶӵʱ, ִĲͿʹ, дŽнĿԱĽĿֱǱӲĻϵġڹۿĿǰ֪

֪
ڽĿбְ
ýĿÿԱлĻʱҪǶԱ
ֻ, Ůң벻ҪߴᱻصıԲƸϳȥ

ȫֹһյʱ䣬̨ϵ˲²ЩүǶӦѾĶȫġ̨֪Ϸһ¹ɢ̨¸ԱЩԺյõƻͨĵȫϨֻֻյ

谵ΪҹĴڶ̨ʱץסйڵĿ⡣

ľ̨棬ڶѡһһŮλĶԱȻһͷʾ̤ǿľ壬ȻһԵĹԱ˻ء

̨֮ϣ˱е΢Ц¶ϳ̨룬йڻ⡣

̨֮£ۿһĻ˱һ糱ϽʱƦ̨˴ڣԺոˡ

ѵصλɽǵıĻһĿıߺ͵ʦǵú˳һϵĴϿʼˡ




һ촺Ĵ󲿷ֽĿõڰǵĵЩͨƾƶƽѡ˲ŵ͢˰ΪıСƷ̽ɽˮ֮赸ک轪Ҹи

ԼһЩڶֵӼݺϰӲйϵĴͳϷѡΡ

Ȼ;ҲгֹһСݳ¹ʣЩ˴ţȫѵصԱԶˣ̨µĹڿһҲûղԱĲСˤһ֮ģݳеʮ֮˳Ҳڳʮ⡣

ϰ⣬Խͷһθʥ˱ݣʱе룬棬ú޲ð̳ӾƺȽ̨ˣȭ

ʥ˺⣬ŵĵӸ佱ôΪĹԼЩ긶ŬûܰѹŸĳɡ족ʲôĶģ㿴ղһܸмô

ʵܵԼǰȺ˻öˣ

ⳡֱظɵĺܺã㻹Խȥ

ҲԼԽȥ

񲿺⣬ƾٵһֱǲŵҪΪ˷ֹסֹй⣬µһĿרӵĿǱ˶ǵл⣬ǾԼûа׷ѣ

⣬ڹܹǮӵÿһΰѹǮȥÿһμ⸳˰ǵʵֹ𣿶԰ĺǮĻõ

ϵĽĿȻǳһŶ裬˿

ڽĿ֮м˶ԼŹĳޣЩޱĿǾһݳмֵ

ûбıһҲߣΪ֪һݵġɽսǱĶϷ

һں漸ݳ浱Ǹ⡣

ڹԱӺͺĿԾͺܸߣСƷЦ㣬Ӽ͸ۼҲϿڣǰΪܵŵĴݲУִֽܶȱȽϸߣøˡ

æһ¶źͽԺҲܿġ

Ϊڱݽʥ˾ͬſĵӾЦ˵˾䣺

ãͣ

ǸһֱźͽԺߵĴ̫ͶһӵĽԪ˴ҵǰǽԪɫϹڳ˵ֻۣԼʱھܵʹȫܱƽˣ

֮ġɽս͸ˡ

ΪζĹԱʥ˲ͷһĿĵκ塪ͥ͢һ𣬴ϡΰıǩȻǰϡӡʲôġ

ֱǸٺò͢

ϸڰĿˢһøжȲ˵ܰǰڽزȲȲȣ

Ҫƹ㣡

Ҫǰڳ裡ýһ仨ǰڳǾҵĽǽҲֻ͢ǰвӤɢһ֪

Ȼֻ˼Ĺٷǣ
ϷãԸ°֮ͬͣΪȻ񣿡

ع֮ʷٵļ֤£ʷļлشԸӡ

ǵȵʥ˵ĿÿԴӡɽսݳͲԸٳŵϰ˫ϲķţ˵λִġҶӶӳ踺ءΪ˳͢ʥ˵ԸԼΣΪͶµϴԺ̨

־סٷֽܱʮʼǽǵص

硶ɽսʥ˳Ϊ˼ľĿإڽԺݣƱԺſƱס

Ϧҹ³ߣٹͬʥԺۿ˴ԺƳĴᣬֳãݽʥԻеĹԱĳĳֳʫһףƣԺ˰ʾԺ͡ɽսڲ֮ڿšܱ

һΣ翪·ߣȥɽսսżǰأʮˣȵȵã

ɴͽԳͽܣǵ˼츳ĸߵĵӣųǵʦչƵġɽսڶǵÿһѧкſڡ

˴ͳĵڰͺɫֽŵĻʦøɫīˮõɫ췢Ŀħ뱯˵۸վһǰһºһµС˳ֽ÷ɰַëڻϷдšɽս֡

ĳԺͻʦҪĶаԽϵڰǵĺй֮޲

һھ¥ſڣ˲ٵΧȺھ£ھ¥ſڣϰ͵Ск˼ˣعͷͱ͵ˣ

ϰ&С

û취ֻ˼ҴԺҪһţоӵľ¥ϰڴԺ˲ͬС͵ͬУ°Ѻ֮һȡѵòɸص￴űŸϲĺˡ

ֶչĽǴԺɽսƱһƱмС

Ʊǰ쿪ʼƱ﹤ԱŰͷӴȺԷ˳ӡ

ɽսŵ³һܲ磬򵥶ԣ춼һÿ粥һأϲһأĩҪһԱϢ׼ڶ

ǲҪֱһѡɽսֻ꣬ǴԺһֻˣֻ˿磬ⲿĻȺʥҪﵽЧ겻ˣȽ϶ԣһܲһҲظĿǰ뵽ܹһ÷

ʹĿز죬Ҳ޷ȫ㶼ǰնⲿ

ǧڿ˵һġɽսǳΪⲿõġˮûпⲿ˴佱ⲿһжôôĺÿڴԺжôô

û뵽ǣһ𶼳ǰǿȤľȻǡɽսһľ顪

֮ǰĻϵĹ֪

ƺôĵһɽսʲôǸ⡭һһҽԺˣҪעЩ飿Ҫôôվô죿ô죿ڼô죿

ţƱһõĺ

ֻܰοԼž͸ο͵˾һʱ䲻ȥƱȥ˽ĻȻȥҲͬһ_(:١)_

ⲢӰ·ǰյθڡ

Ϊɽսı磬ڶⲿиıʱÿһ㹻ķʵڳйڵθڡ

ڰǱݵʱÿһĽβǷ󽫾ǣǰǰ̫Ƶ˵һ䣺Ҫţ¶û꣡

˶ǣһвһˣÿһĽβ˷󽫾ò׽һ֮ǰ˸۶ӡ

֮ÿһ˳ڶϰµ롰군˷ɸ˸۶ǵҪˣ

ȻÿһƱҪûƱֶڳ˲ǶлܿһǲٵĹڶò۰ͰڳⰾššţȽۿĹǸûн֮ǰǸ۶ӣұ֪

һǸָ˸µĸ۶ӣõķ󽫾㲻~

һȵĽĹڣ

ò׵ȵ˽ֽû뵽ֵһͷǲòĽһڵĹڣQAQ

Եȵɽսľֲ֮Ǽûһȫ˱ģĹԼûлᵽֳĶǰձżĲĺԹ

ĺ뿴ġɽս
©һҾ©һŷ󽫾ôǸɵİ֪
Ҷ˵ܺÿò״չǮȻûÿͲٲһ𣿣


ǾǶԡɽսﵽߴʱһ˴ӽضǵ·ʹõǸ¶̨һγ˶ǵֿյϡ

ڴ֮£

ɽս¶̨һ飡

Ϣһһʱ䣬Ƕ˻ʱļӪڴﵽýԺһڶĿġ

ɽսһڶǵ¶̨ʱˡ˿




86.  ڰʮ   

Ժ˲ھһʱĥ֮ҵһʵķչ·, ·ϷʵĻ·

С֮ܵǰҴӽһ·ϵġѲݳڳģӲ, ʵڴԺ֮ѡһյؽ¶̨, ǴԺں̨ˡ

С룬ԺԺӪģʽ̨໥ġ֡ˡ

ŵ⣬С൱ڰѴԺִĵӰԺȻ¶̨Ū˵ϵĵӰƵ

ԺӳǰһƱ㶼ǰյθ, Ȼȵһȳȥ֮¶̨, ڶȳ, ӽԺڴĿеĺøжȺӰ

С˵, ˲һ򵥵ķּÿڴԺſڵͶƱƱӸߵֳ弶εȵΪ弶, õΪһ

ȻƶһԴͬȼˣһͶԱڴԺݣļ弶Ա¶̨, ԱԼѡǵڴԺͻȥ¶̨֮ġ

С˵, ѴԺĵһ, ƱҲһ£ں⿴һԵ𣬽֮Ϊһߴϵֺȥ
ϽԺ硱ͻΪǳˡסƼ¿ġܱϵš͡ǮȥΡ֮һ׷ֻˣ

ӯ͸ˣС˵

ԺͿƱ۾ܻر, ѵ¶̨Զ̣͸ǵʱڽʱһһ

С˵õģΪʦȻеĺ壬׷ûʲô⣬رִ񡪡

ⲻִĺõĵӰȵӰԺȵӰԺӳӻAPPһǮ·

Ƚ׬Ǯ

ɰ
Ϊʲôɣ

λȷʾԹͻ֮˱ݵϰԼֵµ˫ϲࣿ

ҪԼ֣Сڳ弶ѡ취ѾڵһȺԼ׼򡪡

ôܲһˣϰɴ۾ܹȥںԺνġ˷ּѡ׼޲ֻצǿϡ

ȿϸ̾ټ˫ϲľͽǶ

һҪõһ˳ƺţ
˫ϲǴӻʹ߳ģܹǲ

Ȼȥǵֱ˾С壬ҪҪǻһ˵ߴ֮ڴԺݳ˲µȼƶµȫȻԼ˵Ǿ䡰Ҳݸ񿴡仰ΧȫĿࡣ

ԭԼ˫ϲϰƻͼ֮һһʵѧᵱһżȴͽһۿ͸ϷΪʹķΧȾҵĿǳϷʥǸ⡰Ҫȼƶߵ㡱һ㣬ֱӴһµĵȼƶȺˡͷ𡱡

Ȼɹ==

˫ϲÿۻⶼǡҪôһԱλáһֲܳͷһҾҪôݲץסڵԸΪͶƱвҵұһϷݵ⡱

һ˲žԼ·صִȦ

žͶƱƶȰ˶öǾͻðԱķ˿С廹սΪԼϵԱƱġ

ͻȻһ˷ܵĸоûУ
˵гһȦеλ˻ԡزپҵأ




ȴԺʽʼӯ󣬶Ѿ졣

·ĹĹѾ޺һ·ѧǸҲһǮ˹ĺŰǰ˳ڽǿϽˡԱᡱռƻԱԱͨ򶼳ǡġ·Ҫ깤

Ѿõֵھǻӣʮʱ䣬ѧǰõĿֹ˾ļƻˡ

ԱǸԼĶµĻ£ŷ¶ۿɼٶȷű仯

ò˵˾ȻȶҪЧʺԱȷʵС˾Ҫߣζ쵼ҪעԱҲˣܹھÿԱǱܺͽĻͶˣԱǶŬɻˣµһһüֱѧ

Ȼµķֹ˾ŵСʱڣֹ˾ϽӯݾѾͻܹ˾ʱµļ¼ˣ

Ϊֹ˾Ĵɶܹ˾Ķ³ŵճʹӡÿǰѼƻϸáÿºÿȵĿͷֹ˾쵼ǿᲢṩһ

Žϰһֱļǰзֹ˾ܷǡǡ

ǡܱ˲԰Ƿļ߷صı

סҲ˺üйذǵطʳϰߵȵؿ

˺öǰǰյĹ»¡¡ʳ£һģ涼ǰǰ֪˷ɣҲźͳ͢»

Ժˡɽս֮󣬰ѰǵصĴ˵óͳһλԼ壬д˸񻰰£áĻ̥ϰ𯵱˵ݣһµĻ磻

ûʲô˵ˣ˼ѾӶ˲ǧο͵ˡ

ԽɽͰǵķ磬Ϊԭܹ˾ֱӸ𣬵طķ縺˶ϵ붼Ǽҷֹ˾ϵչĿǰҲûʲôѵҪܹ˾ġ



ֹ˾Աȫæ˹žȻ

ܵԱĹϵ˼๤˼о̫̫̫ɹڻֵܵԺ̨˵飬˵ֵġ̹١

̹١ɡȻڴӽضǵһ·ϵƵһ˵飬ŵĳ졷ʵǹ±ԭƷ

š졷Ķ磬ŵġ̹١ڴԺõһȽϺõĲʱΣҿĵһ죬Ժϯ

ǲ֪ΪСŵʱε⣨ǸʱǶڹŮǶŽʣŹµԵʣǶʱÿ̨룬ôоѹѹһƬһɫĶŮڣ

ȺŮÿ춼ϲķۡŵסʱֵȹ˶ŵ

ÿųʱʮֵƣȻŰѹ½ҵĽ׶Σ̨ʵݿ̨ԵʱһȺͷһŰѹ½лĻʱǾͻ׼ǫ̃ӡ

ҺûװʲôصĶȻſܻݳĵһͱ_(:١)_

Ȼ֪ȺҺ͸˼ǶЩʲôֳʵ˵ŵܻӭҲ⵱̨ݵǸµףԺĹԱͶƱƱ֮һǡع֮ˡ

ȻҲΪ£ϰǼһֱждÿ̨󱳶һ亹

ȡ̹١֮ûмڴԺתܵ˳硪

һΪѧ쵼ˣڴĳֹ˾ֹ˾룬ȻԼ˽ˡ

ڶα˴֮Լ̲ԼҪúѧϰŴ֪ʶĻȻʲôʲôᡱпܻĻˮƽԽԽߵԱǰ

ǡóǩԼвٴӳϴˣ;ڳרŵȺϴ˵Ĵ߸༭˳Ƥʦ̣ȡһƾ굽֮ǰĻˮƽһΣڹѧӦƸʱ࣡

ԼĻˮƽСѾ˵˶Ӷǳˣ

ǰͿʼƻġѲ˵顱һڿʼˣ

ŵԵɺϵһءС󡱣СһҪеġѲ˵顱׼㣬滮·ߣͷϵĹ˸ְʦſŵ㳡ӣȻС˸߲ҵظѲ˵˵Ķˡ

ȻʱǵԱҲˣʱ·Ҿ˳ѽҲ顭ϾһڰҲġ

ԼʦʱС˵ôһ仰ŤŤϾҸЦݣԭЩţϾСӰʦû뿪һ˲û˸е顣

һڰǣ
ͼ綼ǿƵģ

ĬĬؾ˲ڵĻѡ



СһȥԤҪѽеĳǶһģƻӴڶûܸϵĳϦضȢϱ

ŵĴͽԳԱ֮ٻˡ

ԳɵǰڵĽˮ֮У֮꣬ΪĻΣһֱûȢصϼҺǰԼӵľ˾ˣӵѻ켼ܵԼĳһչš

һֱ꣬Ŀοʱĳˢ´ʧܸкθ߳Ȼʶڵӡ

˵Գڵӣֱ˼ҹ궼Եֶ̫桪

ǵõǸΪԳɻڡסŭΪѧڷ۵Ľ֪ʦʷʷ

ԣԳɵӾλڷʷҵǧӡ

ǽնŮӵĳƺɾһģӵ˼ҵĴŮ

ʵⳡ²ǴͽԳɵĶ飬ҲӵĶ顣

Գɥޣɥ

Ҳ࣬ûãɷͲˣһ¹ֵͷϣ϶Ǵ˷򡱲ɷ˵ġ

ʷȻڻϷǳؾɣŮȴĺãһԾ̴ŶӴţԼŮҪˡ

ҪˣȴǻˣӾһֱڼסڡ

ԳӵĽʶ˼ʷҲǳ١

Ϊڷ۵ΪоݵĺڣһֱֹѧеĿӱֽ־ĸֻһ䣬һĵطЩĿټԼⰮڷϺͼ˱ԹӾΪӴԳɵɾĻ

ʷϲԳɵĻȴԳɵĻȤִ󵨣³ˡִŰĸЦôһ˲ϲˣ

ǼұΪ˾ŴӼᵽģҲǶǵˣԿصӾúйһסϻλҵһ£ϣͬĶ߿ԸṩزģӱʼԶߵݺλϵĻͨš

ͨͨ˾ͳ֪

֪֪˾ԼҪ档

һһʰ_(:١)_

žͽܿŴŶõýÿ˺ڷҵĴţЩûϴɨȥȻƤͽףһıȥˣ

ʷһʼĲͬģŮַϴԣÿ춼Ƥţԭᶨ˲Ͷҡˡ

ʱԳѾǵǵǸԳˡ

ʦʥ˶ƷǹԱʵȨһԱҪع֮
ҲҼ־糤˵սҲҵгɣ
ټǰһӵˣı飬˵Ǹֵиˣ

˷ڶҲǸˣҪҸƻŮҲǹġ

ʷԥˡ
ʷĬˡ
ʷΪŮͷӦˡ

ڷŮ޵ڲ̶ȣǰȦеŶ̲סҪΪλʷһͬᰡ

ѧǶվͬʱһƾꡣ

ȫµĳ⣬һŽǸϿ





87.  ڰʮ   ع֮

һƾٵ

һĿƾٿΪнѧǵĴ, ʡǵѧǻ˱ٵǮõ˸õĴ֮ǰ˲ٱֽ־вٻڽѧҵ˹һȺߵʱǳԵģν㡣

ڸ뿪û, һȺѧӻصͿʼ˼𶼳ǡʳ/˵//ֽ/־/Ļ_(:١)_

ݿѧҵʵó, һҪһϰߣֻҪֶʮһ졣

ϸǸϿѧӣڶסʱֹʮһ죬ٵҲҪס£Ҫסꡣ

ڶ׼ƾٿԵİȺѧѾϰÿһݡܱ, 洦Ҹ¾Ϳʼ͹һ˸̸ۣһһ컹ۣ

Ҳϰÿһס־, ־ЩƼԼıƷ׷ϳ, ȻڶûǮʱʸ־Ͷд׬Ǯ

Ǹϰ˲ڲμĻᡢżС۵¥һ˵顢͵͵򼸱Ļ, ƵȥѧǸ־Ĵڴ߸־صǸθڵĹ¡

ֻҪ뵽ڶǵǶôķḻʣǻصȥƽƽͬݾһӡ

Ǿͺ޲һƾ㵽ǺܵȥǸع֮ˣ

Ϊʲôѧǻ￪磿ΪʲôĳȵúļĳȵҲлˣ

˵õķأ˵õıֽأȺɥٳŵǴ˵

ԽɽҲˣǷǸʲôЩûǣع֮ǲ׬ǮǰɣǰС˶



Ȼ, ȺӻصѶǵļ˵ĸȷʵôз̻ĵѧȺӿнѧǵģŪ˼ĳĳѧǣֽ־

·ʱ, Ϊ˿ӶǸī°ϰһ, ·˸ɸƵĴ, Щŷǿʼѧģѧ˱ֽ־ǲŷһøɣ

ͣǻԽɽʱһѧӵĺٸߣҲܸıǵֻǹͶʮ֮һһѹʵ

Ҳ, Ⱥطֽ͵ط־˻ҪܵԱѧθ˵ĵѧӵ޺֡

֪ҵŮ޸ѲҵĶӣ赺ϣǺǡ
Ū¿һҶꣿа涹ʩޣ
Ķүֹֻôбܶү

ⶼʲôţ
Щǵй𣿡

㿴˼ҽıֽ˼ҽĶǹҴ£˰һȫ˷ӱץˣҪģ
ĵ︹̣Щһ֪Ǹع֮˳͢ĺŵõģҪʥ˲Ӱ

ٿ˼־дĶȤһ־ÿ쿴һ鿴һ£־أҷ˵һ۾Ͳ뿴ڶۣ
˼̣˼ҶǵѧǧǧһдĶȻã̶ҲҪ˵ѧʶԨˣûǮ飿㲻ôѧʶԨ

յĽ˺ѧ࿴ᣬȻҲıֽ־ˣѧǼǵӶǡᡱġסܱ͡ųŵĽѧǷ㿪

Сģ͸ִСŮĳսĿһһѭŵһһӵȵڶһһġ

Եǵһֵһ죬һ첻ֵȵһ죬ȴʲôûȻʱ򣬿֪ȺоԼܵƭѧǸʲô顪

Ҫڻ˺òã

һȺڴϼҼϿʼ;طͬƭ˵ѧǺ塢ٵִﶼǣһ·϶ϼƺҪôԸǸ˵ҪƱĽѧǺع֮ˣ

ƣţǸȷе˵
ǵĴǲ⡪Ӻĳﶼ׼أع֮Ȼһ֮ڶǽѧǣضҲ/ɽ/ĳѧǣ

Ƿ·ִЩͣʱҪ߽߰ŸµĶ_(:١)_
ֻǲִͬҵӰĶߣͷǻҵţܰ˰ڣ

ΪˣһȺ˻˸ƻұôôʥ飬ȻгһҪ£˷ܵúü϶û˯

ȵ˶Ǿֱӳ嵽ѧǣ
˵նƸۡ

û⣡ĳĴοƾˣ·ˣ
˵ͳһЩȫĴοƾٶûͨ͡

㿼ĴʲôϷ򿼹ΣӾϷðɣ׼ع֮۶ĸϷܰСץʱѡסŪ

ƾɶɽϳ˳ӣȻȥɽϣ



ɽϣ



һȺһֱǵ˶ǳſ˲ͣ׼˸ƾֻ֤ŵȻ˳Ǿͳ嵽ѧǰع֮

һ³Ⱥ˾ɵ۶ˡ

۵ĴôôоǵĳŻˣ
֮ǰǸ¼Ʋնڴ˿ոµĳǽͳţڷҡ

ĳҲⶼĳǰĴʱ̫һ
ͳϵһҲе㲻ȷˡ

ȻһˡϷ򿴣ⶼǿ˳ǽͳˣ

˸ǽôֻҪ滹Ǹǣܰع֮ҳ

ԣ

ɽ˵е



һȺ˸ŴӶǳſŶӣڳŵƾ֤ٽ˳ǡͣ˵·ķֲڡ

·ô֮ǰҲһˣ
֪ǵġع֮ƻ߻ô·ûһʶ·ˣ

ɶô·ˣ·ʶզߣǽѧǣ

һȺ㿴ҿ㣬ֻѡߵ˱Ƚ϶·ȰѽסӸΧ˴Ϣ֪ԭǶˣǸոսһβʶ·ȥ޵ģֹ·ܱߵķҲһģ

Ǳʫ֮ˣһȺѧ̾ʹӶϿ˲ٵĶζų͢Ǯˣ綼˿һ֮ģԼ

ֲܾźͳǽˣ
ֲĳ·һֶʶ
ֲý궼ǵķ֮ˣ

ȻֻǰѶˣôطضǲģҲ˵ֻҪȥϤ֣ѧǸȻ

һȺˡ˲ĶˣǵļƻʼʵʩģֻǻѵʱҪһѣ

ڰͬסƬطǰ˵ͬǵϤġġˡĥȭж·ҵλֵĽѧǡ

ѧܲƶƻһλ̧ͷǿ鱻ĹңһһֲõԤС

ܿԤоͳˣ

أ
һ֮Ƣɽһǰ̨ӣɤһʵղ˵ع֮ȥˣ

ǰ̨ġͷƺǰȺع֮һҲ֣ɷҲʲô⣬򶨣̬ȷǳ֮Ȼ·ֹһ顪

ǵģӦȥǽѧķֹ˾ˡ

һȺˣǲû⻹ڳֹ˾ˣ

Ǹλ֣ѧǵķֹ˾ںδ
ҵȽǴظǵĿֲߴͽ̡

ͷɵӦԣҽѧԺ硢־硢硢ֹ˾ǳϲ⼸طֻܣֽҷֹ˾ĵַ

˵šͷͳһдõֽݸˡ

дԺڶ֣־ֵͷβڿʹĵطڿŵ޵·ϣǵͼϸַʵҲ·˰ɡ

һȺˡŽͷĵͼ͵ַȺ±Ƶ߳˽ѧܹ˾ȥġͤ·ݵġסʡؿҵ˼ľ¥ĳ˸Ȼô졣

԰ΪֻҪ˶Ǳضҵѧǣҵ˽ѧǽȥ˱ضҵع֮˭룬·ǰһˣԭֻһĽѧͻȻ

Ⱥع֮ôţ
ѵҪҷֹ˾ÿҶɸſڶ
ҵˣһȷع֮˳

һһ˾Ͱع֮ˣ˼ҲҴŲ˵ԼϼȥѧǷˣ˲Ͱ׸һ𣿣

һȺʶǱ˴֮䲻ͬǾ֣

ǺǷģǾһ˼ÿطѡһط׵㣬ֻҪܶ׵Ĳ

Ⱥ˾ڸֹ˾ſڶ˰¡

ڴڼ䣬Ⱥ˷˲ٺһ뷨ʡͬҲ׵ץع֮Ⱥ˲Ϊɶܹ˾ĿͷҪع֮ʱʴôˡ

֮ǰѾкüʹͬˣ

عֻ֮һ
Ⱥ¶˾ģĵﰵģҪŶ֮ǰǰȰع֮ǵļ磡

Ⱥ·ֳ˫£

Ȼ͸Ƕҵع֮

ǵģ֮˵ǶΪһҵŵع֮һڴԺſ

Ϊʲôûܰ˸أ

Ϊڴŵع֮ʱһۿȺľӴʲôȻִСƻ֮ǰǰסǵʵ

ǿƾٵģ

ʶͷ

ƾһģ⡷𣿡

ǰҡҡͷ

ƾһģ⡷Ǹɶû˵

Ⱥ˾ͱŴ˳磬Ŵӳ粻֪ĸڳˡƾһģ⡷ÿһҵЩ귡ȸ̸ֽϣֱӶȺӰһһǴߡ

ҶԲסǣЩ̸ǵˣףտУ

ͱһѽ̸صסĵطŷӦǲȥҪģȥܵģ

ɻûȥع֮һʹһһͬ̾ͽ

סƾһģ⡷ȻǰдģǰƾٿȫĿʹ𰸣滹һԼ곯͢ƳĿƾģ⣡

һһȻ̾ˣ

໣Ȼֺö

ǵѧӲᶼѾЩ˰ɣҪǲͿ𣿣ʱΪһûǵľǲͶ˸׵ˣ

˵ɶأֽʹⰡһ˻ҪȥիأֻĿû²Ĵ𰸸ǣ

⺣֮ˡ

ҪǰõŸǵġɽսһƱ

Ϸʥ˿˵Ӵ~ʱץɽսһɾֻнһӴ~

ڱ˴˵۾￴Ķĸо

Ǿͷſع߽֮˴Ժ

ǾͷܳȥƱҪڶƱֱ֪Ķˡ

ڵȴƱ۵ʱԱķ˿š

ǾϡͿȺ˿ϴҲ˰ķ˿֮һ

ǿʼæ˸ΪĩĵȼƱԼ;ֵķ˿˺

ڰع֮ļƻ

ƻ





88.  ڰʮ   ƾ&ֹ˾

һĿƾٶʡǰϿѧӶȻǱܼ尾һƾ١

˵һĿƾٿѶȱ˶١

ʵϽĿƾٿ, ʡԺ͵ԣ֮ǰҲ˵ģһʵƫŵ·, 꿼⵽׿ʲôͿƾٿԵĽ̲ûаëǮϵ, ǳ͢ȱʲô˲ţʲôĹԱԼƷζ⣬ȻԿʲôĿѾһ츳˸ɸѡ

ԽʡԺ͵ĿѶȴӿһֱάһˮƽ͸ˮƽ_(:١)_

ʡѧ֮Աܼ尾˵׶ع֮˵ǸѧǵĹ

Ϊһοƾ٣ѧڰʡѧ붼Ϲײ, һΣһѧҪΪ˵õҪǼȥû֮, 󲿷ѧӶǱһŶԽѧǳøе, ҲҪ־ͱֽɹƾꡪ

һǾ˵ѧǸֹ˾飡

һʼ, Ⱥѧӻ֪⾿ζʲôֱڳס˿һˣǿˡ

һȺ׼μʡԵľӣڳ͢, Щǹ֮ǹҵδԺͬΪٵĺ󱲣ڶǵͨ˵δŮ//Ů, ڽѧֹ˾

Ⱥ׵Ǳڿͻ
Ժ󿪷绹ҪǵĶ֧أ

һοƾ, βץһεõȵʲôʱ򰡣
, ˵ҷֹ˾̾жˡ

һжһĿƾٿǾͲˡ

һ򵥵ıǰֻнѧܲһǡһȭȺＸֻ, Ǿ;ñ֪ˣһֻɲðȦһˣ

ǵһμӿƾٵĿһǵʱʵϾǽ˽ѧҷֹ˾Ϊ׼õһ޵

ܱһֱͺͳֱ͢еĺϵڳ͢͹ҷĸִҲ䣬ΪÿҪһݱֽǳ¼ڱֽйؿƾٵĻ֮⣬ɵΨһһԿƾٿǰıֽļӣȡΪܱ꾫桷˾ǸҪμӿƾٵĿ׼ġ

ݵϴṩ⼯˵ķ̸ĿƾԾضһĿʱ̶ȣʣ»һɱض漰ĹҴ¡

صش¼ɡܱ꾫桷ַ·Ѵ͵ֻҪһһƾ£˾׬˰λɾҪһ𣿡

Ҫһ
ܲ𣿣

Ӳͷ𣿣


ǺһϵСܱ꾫桷УǺȿɱ徭ˣòűɣҲȫı鿴졣

Ȼģڿƾٿǰ뿴顶ܱ꾫桷ΪʡľﻨǮ򵽵ĵһ

翪һͷ־粻

ѧűӰ⼸½½ɷõĳ͢Աĸ˷̸ɲᣬ˱ס֪ٹ١ȥڶǴСġͤȻְһ·óãһסӡ͡ס֪ٹ١ۣһһ۵ĺÿڱһϼܾߺȶóȥߺȡ

ǵһ־ôԡ̯.jpg

Ҳɾ䣬ֱӰѹ˾ԱΪһרԿƾٿԣŽ֮ϷΪ硱һרʡѧӵŽ֮ΪĻ硱

Ǽլ֮ǰϴˣ

ǡƾ٣һģ⡷˼һһҲԴһϵˣ
ټϴ˵ѧû³ʲôÿһʱȵ֮飬ոʮƾһϵСƾٱؿ߷ֿɡѧԲҪ̫ף

Ļ粻ʾ

һ־糤ҲŵĴͽԳҪˡˡĳȨӡˢڶǽǽϼܣǮҽ־һµĹλԡˡΪǵǣһ߼ⶼûС

Ϊ֮ǰǵ鲻òѹѵһľʹ»ҲŶʱ棬ԽʳҵٳȦ

ûȦġ

ƪС˵ϸ¸ոձдͶģŵպþڳƳ䵱Ͷ˱༭һͷ

µıǰĩ꣬ǸʱΪɤӺñѡͽϷСͯʹϷλ׷ȻģµǰνľλǰϡͿ˻ʹϷӵĺôһһӵλλ׵ġ

Եĵҷģſú𾢣ˮƽôôأ

¿ǰ𣬴͹ʵѳ飬һʦȡ˸Сơ

ţ
ǿˣȦʵϾϰͬģ
˶ôȽ

룬Ҳܽܡٵʷ飬ǼϹʱڵʷ飬˵ײʷͬô˼ʷڶYYһȺдͬʲô£

Ҫ˵˼һܹԾĸ֡

õĽ¿Ȼڹ֮ǲĻʵϲת͵Ǽĳţֱĳ·żһλˣž˵ԭ;̸˻ǵסֱַ˵ԸĲܺڴˣүЩ飬ү˿ɺã

ûãʵŵԣ˵Ϊ˱˵֪֮ͺһ˸Ժʯˣ˹ȻָĽ־һε̨ϷΪ׷Ĵǡ

žдĲȻǹŴȦҪȫ߱ѽ
˿˿ˣ⻰ˣ󽱴ˣӡ籾;һ٣պôԺҲʱ˾ˣû͵ӵʲôͬĸ

žİ壬ȦҲ˳ƻڿƾĻȻĻõǲǲǰϿľӵǿ׷ŴԺزаݵĻ硶ɽսҲӭһ߳

ѧѧһץ·ߣҲȺŪ׷

λӣҼŻαضǱοƾٶĲѡڼĲһ½ŵ飿Խɽ˽һ£ʮ˳űɳУֻҪģС´Խɽѽѧ档

λ̨ڵıƿҪ˵ƿҪĿضǳڰǣʥ˱ضѧӳı߹̰Ǹǿƣˣν鲻·̨βμİһΣһ۰֮ѣ±ѧ԰档

ڴԺ

ö˵˵ǰҲ˵ˡ

֮£ϰķ˿ѾѧԼڶͷںţվڴԺ¶̨ںǵİΪǼżͶƱˣٵĿƾٿụ̂ҲһŪŪҡ

ǵȵƾٿֻʣһˣǵĿ˽ꡢ尾ͶԽѧǵķŭС

㿴ֻʣһµʱ䣬ǰֻҪ־ֽͿֱȥԣأ

ѧҪһ￴顶ܱ꾫桷ס֪ٹ١Ҳ٣Ҫȥһأðѻ硶ɽ֮սҲ꡶ƾ٣һģ⡷ÿһ֮ʮϰ⼯

ʱﹻ
ʱ䶼ȥĶˣ

ѧͲѧǻҪšסӡ廨ŵС˵硢׷ǡջǣҪʱˣڶǿƿˣ

ڲͷʹްع֮㲻˰

Ȼۿŭʡվǵˡ

һȺңѧԺѧһ̽˫֣ͬ˿

ʱţڸֹ˾ᣬŵʡԽ֮󣬸˵ĿһĿ񻶣




89.  ڰʮ   һµĽ

ǵȵʡԽ, ӼපŴ󿪣ԵѧǸոմӽŵĿԷΧнѳ

վڹӼĴſڣ
Ǳ۾, 
һɵĿ, 
ۣ
ǿˡѧǵıͯŲ֪ʲôֽһǵһ߳Ц

СѣǺ
Ȼ֪ΪѧǵĴڹӶ࣬ΪЩÿÿƳ³£δ, һȺõһֽĵһӦȥݣ֪ݶƭģȥСͯϰָ˸ʲô

ʲô

Сͯͷ, Цвã, ~

գ
˭գ
˭Ҫˣ


Ϊʲôǣ
ĺյʲôϵ

СֵܹͯҼ˵, գ

ܣ
ĸܣ
տ껹ûתѧһ±ơ

С˵ʷǸ𣿡

ʷֻһܣǾǧʷʱһ߷ַƣȺ, һĳҲһ˱ĳʹõơιѧʡѧ˼, ȫǴǸʱġ

Ҳ, ÿһжһһ˱, Ϊķ˿Ҹܳܳƶȡ

ûһ˲֪ܳ͸ûһӲ֪˵һǡ

ܳѾǧ˰ΪʲôҪӭӴܹգ
һ˹գ
ʲôֵϰףǶеϰ׻ǽϰף

ѧӱʾҪҲҪö
ѧӱʾ¶Ͷûϵ, Ҫʲô۶ӶΪǶǲģԾǽģ

ѧӻ˦˵ͷɶͷԡ




ʡԿʼĵһ죬ѧܲ

أ
˫ѹϣվһ֣ؿǰֹ˾ĸˡ

ڼһգն

գԭͷ¼λݵ˷׷̧ͷΪʲôö˶˵°깤ƻأǵĴ쵼ͳ˵Ҫա

ʱĶΪӶӼ࿼ԵԵݵļž֮УѧǳݵŵѧǿֱԽһʱзֹ˾Ĺš

ھĿԣʡԽԵ⽫µʱ䣬ֱͺִСѧŵһ

ʱҪĿѾò׽һνŵĸϰԻûһѸϰ᲻пѡɺϢʱ䡣

ɺϢǽѧǵǿ𣿣

ϲȥ绶ӭ㣡
ϲլиֻ־ֽѽ
òڶǽύѣһ쵽ȥ¥ʲô˼ŴԺƱ˼ҿѽ


ֹ˾񻹴ڸճҵļʱΣһȺ˱ҵŵĽ̵һһƤڵһһ磬ڸһ²Ⱥ˶ԼԲ쵼׻׻̵

֮ǰǸƵŮƵնսרŪȸߣѧдУҪͱæȥϣṩ¹񡭡־Ĺ滮

ϣ߰æǣϵ񲿳Ĵˣܲṩһ׼𰸣ſҪԴ𰸵Ŀһر࡭ǽĺڵӡ

粻ʾ硭

ò֣һȥս⣬ΪȺ˵˼ϰ壬ŽӦҪοҪҪĵġ

ĿĲ

˭ֳ濴ҲῪĵģ

ʱ䰡

̻Щһô໥ôƶƻôִмƻô򵥵ĴʲôǶͻƣ˴Űʱ䣬ȻڽһֱһŶȥ˷ֹ˾Щ̵ֹģʽ

һʼοģϾЩĽѧɹԱ͵ǻþһ󾫣ʱϸϸһСϲ

һȥˣȥˣԼŶÿεҪʱֻһ·ǴԭеĿ˼Ļ⣬Ȼһֹ˾һ£ϸڷһģʵʩһɲ䣬;ò̫ˡ

һȺ˿ԶֻẰںšӻݳƱûµĻУһ˿ûҪǵİһ

˿֪Ҫ󾫣ǰֻẰںţ֪Ҫ΢ˢˣǰֻ֪ӻڻ֪ż¼ףƵǰֻ֪ݳƱ֧ż񳪸裬֪ҪֳϳܱԼżǿֿģ

˿ˣοһҴҵ

һֱ֪ͻԼһᱻԽ̭ġ
һֱִľӪҲܸıһᱻ̭Ľ֣

žòȥˣҿԶѴǿ

뵱ְ֣Ϲά֧÷𻹲֪㣬и˸˫ʮһ񻶹ڣ۶˼Ĺڸߡ

ţ

ͻȻӰյָ֧ӡ

еĹڣ

԰

һеĽգ

ʲôǱȹڸõףֶΣ
ʲôȹڸͶ뵽ɵִŻǮ

ȫԱ˫ʮһҲһеĽհȻ˫ʮһֹģʽ֮ǰڹվùˣǽѧǱߵľͲǹǿְ

ΪʲôһרſֵĽأ

˫ʮһ񻶹ھڹڵĻΪӸָȫµϰף̼ұۣҪڻҲʱһеĲҪĲ۵ĽӸرϰװ

ˢһվ˸ղſʱеһĻ

ءһ죬ɹâϡ

ڼһգ
һպ÷ʡԺ͵ָ֮պʽӵġգ

ĴǲǵĴ쵼ʱܺҪΪʲôЩΪѧÿһشһ̼ʹŵĴ㣬ҲԸԼղƶõļƻ·ܲûаᶯǸճõ鼮ȫ£һ𣬿ʼͷѰҷҪӡ

ٹѧӵļգ
ĸȱ۶˼һ񻶣Ҳ˼ҵʱ㣿

аǷգ
ʥ˲ܹ

Բڣ
Ӷˣ

ڣ
̫ף




һȺ˰ѽնһͻȻ䷢ʵֻҪϸȥң·ÿһ춼һգΪÿһ춼ȥÿһֶ˳㲻ˣҲ˵ıӣλʵλڼĳһ涨ӡ

ŸɴűѴʡԽһֱԿʼΡ١ȫгȻгӽɸѡ

Ȳܾ̫̫׼ĸȻѡºܸȤ

βܾ̫ʱҹƶעеԺ˭ܿ״ԪĶľˡ־

ĳÿԼĹǲüֻһ

˷׷ײߣհѡķΧСӣָмǸʣһʲôӣ

ҷɢȥϣϰûҵһʷзʲôش¼һֱܳļ¼ŷ

һǴ֮ܿգ

ܣһȺ۲ݵʱڵĽϵǽĿʵڵǻ֮󣬳͢Ϊ˱ʵ۱Ѫͳ߹飬ǵʥ˹һ̫֮ܽˡţ˳µԭġ췴ˡʢǰĹţ

ҲˣܵĿ֮գʵʷϵǸ֮ա

Ӻð
Ⱥϻʼҵ⣬û֪ӸôǰǻҪǵĽһһ

һ˷ܵǾһ죡

תת飬뵽һ⣺Ͱһⶨ׷ܣ񣡡




90.  ھʮ   Ļڣƪ

һһ˵Ļ, ôôһѳ֮УһһȺCλһվڽˡǧ˿׷

Ϊ˧

˧, һ˷أ

ҵİ˧, ʹܶ־ƱƣӮٺ㽲

ҵ˧踺˧֪ηȸֿʽĶУ

ҵĹʿ˧δСʣı, ǧ֮⡢ǧ֮

˧ʲô̶ȣ

žٸ򵥵ӣϸ־ӵġסʫרĸ, ǧʫ, ֮һǸΰ, ֮һдʣµ֮һȫ׷ʷĻģ

ÿ춼׷δıĴܡ
ÿ춼ʫڸǲʶĴܡ
ÿ춼˼ǴûвĴܡ

ΪЩЩ˵Ĵڣŵ֪ѡһʷйصʱһʱ뵽ľȺѧÿڽ߶߶ġ񡱡

ǲһֱ븴ôǾרŪ, ٴ츴񡭡һƺ񫣬ɣöʱ䡣

ֹ˾Ĵǻе, Ƕ, ˵׾ǱʡΪܵķַ, ʥ˸طԱɾȨǲ̫ǸʲôϰףѵҪ˵ʥȻóǰػȥ

Ⱥ˲ûʲôִĶĽûסǷ˸ۣôĶ𣿡

ʲô

Ǹ߱ˣӦҪôԷ, ô£ߵô·صҪôԴԼļˣô˾˵ָô˵Լ˵ķ桭

ԷַǸʲôŶֻõ𣿡

Ȼǣ

ŴԵָ˶ʱéٿ˳˼

ǾãԼѾ˼·

һȺ˼˼˼·һݼƻŸɴѼƻҹȥ˶ȻĿŶҹ˻ʹһֱڶһŴӻʹҴ˻ʵ۱º̫ӵµĿ͡

ʥ˺ϲ˵ʱ΢˽á֣ͬ

һجģԺĳλ̫Ǽ̱޵ģֻԼͷƤ飬һ˲ȫǺա

ɱˣ˼Ҵӹһ̽иɶͬӴ

̫ӵ˵ԸЧ¸ʣ

ҵθԹԣһʵ۾Ѿֵһ²ðˣλҪ̫֮ӣ²Ҫѧǵֹ˾ؽһ飡

Σףܹաǹ·ĿŵĵŪˡ

Ϊ뽪ԼĹֳֿΪĻڡ




Ӽſڣһѧ

ʮа˸ܳ·˷ۣҷۣһ˵εĽܳйأһ£׷СͯҪ

ȻҪ̫ˣСͯһһͷˣһҪտյֻ͵͵Ĩᣬв̣һϼһסԶ˹һţԷˡ

Сͯ߸һһػȥˣѧԼõϢԷʱҸصһʹйصʲô

ûϣȲһȺ˾Ѿе˾¥ϣ˵һƣȲͳǷһ

˱ΪӦȥμӴܵף뺯֮ǰСͯ˼ӦģİһŷԼöôס

ⲻһμӴܵ뺯һŴԽ뺯

ǽѧع֮ϵĴǱǰǿĺҪ࣬˶˻˵ع֮һֱݵϴ飬ЧҲ֪ع֮ǺλϴѧģʱƤȥʦɲɣƾûϷˣݸʦ˵֮ʱ

»صΪԽ

ԽԭӦִ̥Ĵʻ㣬ΪԽʿŵĳ֣Ŵᡣ

Ҫ˵ĳӦڶǰٰһĻϣһۼ˶аµĻ˵ĻϣΪ췽ع֮˳һ⣬дһµĿͷвμĻд¡

Խͱع֮¿ͷȻȺĹд䵽Ⱥж˵ĶֱǸϿѧ֪Ϊ˽֪һ

ع֮뺯õľһ

һַֽ·˭Ŀ˵ѧԳһֱյԸصĸ֪ҶܳƳ磬ˣֵ˴֮գΪѧǵĴȫǰһ𡰴Խܣ

ѧǿˡ

ȻԴԽ
ǵΪݡʱϲܳ

ԴΪɵѧѾʼԺﹴԼԽ󵽵ҪЩʲôˣ˵Լݵܳ˵ԽһҪȥеһͶЧһλЩĹʿսıͳһȫ

ŴԽµ侲ѧ̲ססȺ쿪ĺѵ졪

Щ֮ǰɷȿǿʵʩԣ
˭˲봩Խ
ֻÿ¶һԽ͵ĻͿ֪ǵİжôġ

ɴԽҪɵģ
ЩǴԽʮŸԭΪ˵ģѵع֮Ҫٴһһɱ
Ȼܰ

ǵİհȺסڶǵѧһԽܳأ

Ǻܺ棬Ƿ˵ڶҳǵģֻһҳ

ڶҳϣع֮֮ǰ̫֡ǿҡĿҫ뵽ͬˣһġԽİ취

ܳķΣܳļȣܳϷܳ˿ķ羰һʹܳ˭и˵ҵȲܳգҽǴˣһĻ

˴˻Ȼ

ԭ񻰱˵Ⱥȫ񡱵ȥǰԼڵƬظܳʱģ

к˼ŴԽѧǴʧӵһߡ

ǼٵĴԽĳҪˣ⴩ԽҲգղŻһ

ԽҪȥ˭һλѧӵ˵ߵ

ضǽѧҪǴӶﻨǮ˭ҪǵѧǾԼһۿƣ˵ն˵òǻᱻӡ

һȺԼҪᶨҡʲôܵһȺİչʲôܵĵ˵˵˻ʫȻԼڶһȥһݱֽҴ¡

Ϊ۶̫࣬ǻǡƾ٣һģ⡷ģǵ۾ϲֻòÿ첻ǶԴ𰸣ۻһϰⶼû꣬ǰǵҪ

ڿԣǲȥЩϰҲȥŶԤԼǵˣԼʱԼϲֻˣ

Ȼܿ죬ع֮ʵжȺ֤νģνԣƻģ




˫ʮһľһ飬ǾһͨӣֻҪһգôӻ˲óħ˾㱾Ҳȥ

˵ڡ

˭ϲӳŴ׵ģ

һ˶ڣܻ᲻򼸸ӻɾǡϾǶڳӡ

ٱ˫ʮһ

ƽʱĸ˵һǮһ죬Ƕ˵һ䡰Ҫ̫ࡱΪʲôأ
Ͼ˫ʮһвǮģ

ԵȺԼμӴܹյѧǵڶһʱ򣬷綼ջǡ

ΪȺԶǳϲڣĸĸûԼĽգֻҪǸǾͻ

Ȼܹǰû֪Ҫôûϵѧ׼ȫײǵİѾϰ͵Ƚ𰸡

ܿ죬𰸾ͳˡ

һڵġס棬ͷһβ̸йʵ飬еרһɫĻˡܳ⣬ʳ˿ܳİնЩʲôʲôʳĴ䣬ʱרڿݵŬ֮»ԭ׾˵ڴʱŮʱֵ·

ܳŮ˵ĻױʽܳΡܳСʱܵĳףܳϲַʽһеһӦоУ־ͬһܳڵȤζԿ˵ġ

üûֵĽѧҵԪ˵ʱ¡صǳΪԺͷϷ˴Ժ̨ԱԶԶ˵ˣ˲Ѿмûй˵ˣҲ˲˵ͬĸƫһЩ

˵˳˿ˡ;ԼҲ˺ü꣬곤˵˻ǵʷĺظУֻһ۾͹ɵڽ䣬ͬĽ̻һ˵

˵һסⱾ־һѡ˸ݾʼϸĺΧ˽׼ӭӴܹҪ׼һһ٣˾ҪͷӺȲʣԭڲԼ۱ֽʱȵѧֻԼθ롣

ǲҪ֪ܹҪôš
һܳôĺҲûʲô͵չѽϾ˼˵Ȥ



ܹźͽѧ˵뵽ӦǶԶطҪʮĶˡ

Ҫ֪Զ˺ԶǵͨգҪȫһġ͸һԱͷ͸һֵͷķ˿;˵Ҫȫͬһ˼

ѧǰĻȻҲԶˣ˵ʵܶΪŴʶʺĻ̶ȷʵߣЩ԰գǶ˲Ӷ࣬ɵ߻ʱʵʵϰյĽǶڿġ

ƺʱ򣬴Ĭѡͨ׻ԣ趨۸ʱһȺΧһҲҪų͢ṩǵʱѡϣǶÿʱǸиҵǶпյʱΣ

ڡͷϵĴϰͲǵŶǣѾЩҩķˣµĿͻȺ壬鷳ҸһµĴͷβµ

һȺ˿ʼ룬ϲʲô

ˣϲ߹ŵĶԼǷĸ߹Ⲣ谭׷ַ˵Ҫ秣ҪҧĽ֣ۺöиЧ͵ͷš

ŵͽܣƹŽСéٿڵڶҵѾǶǳ˵ȺӽѵͬũǣһλǼҸصţϴˢɾʰƯͷţͷϱ˸ţϣȻǣǽſ˩ϡ

ţǧѡֵĸߵţСֻؽһλչţ￴ţȷţһ˷ͻ̱һ˾жԣҽлűҲӡ

˹ָɾţܿͳ˶ǵһ羰ߡڴ󲿷ֳˣǴ󲿷˵˶ԣŴ£һֻʥ飬㿴ţҲǼģͷһؼôÿţ

ʱ䣬ͷǣţΧͳһȺΧۡ

ũҵĹŴţǱȹõĻ飬ũϲΪܰһ˸أϲΪţеĶȥֵǮҲϲΪţһƷС

ٶΧͷţתתǳͷţӣ˵ţǧ·ǳͷţ۾˵˫Ŀºֳͣͷţֻţǣ˵ֻһŭ˵ͻ

һǽ˶


ţ
ô
һ˰̣
ǱضӢ۵Ị̇

һȺѧҵسţΪǵͨ죬ʱСĴ˳˵ͷţ˩ŵǸһź

ΪǸ˿ģĵɫӺɫ»ֽͨɫ֪Ϊʲô˶úɫףһŹӵˮīͻͻеҪ֡

һλںӱߵʯͷϣ̧ͷգΧһȺеᣬе곤Ƭ̼мˡ

ȼʹճȺڵƬطķ羰СʡСݵѿʯͷԼڽһֻ

˲ǽһҼŵĴͽԳɣԳȢؼûõӡ

ӵĸǵ񽪹һʦʷΪŮӼ̳˵Ļ滭츳һ羰ףˣʷǸ˼̵ˣԸŮȴԸ츳ͻֻ֪ʷĶûܼ̳ϵĻ滭츳ȴ֪ŮҲǻи֡

λиԼĹ֧£žտĻѾһԾΪѧǹϵĵһ

ѧǹһ˻ĻȻǡ

֮̾ܿλ߱ضһλͽСӱڴ̤֮;ԵõӻȾſ˵ʱǾԼôĿ﷦ζԻ֮˳Ľʡ

ȻҲʶˣ⻭ۣüͷ°ͣ⻭治֪ΪΣܾʶ·Ƶġ

ΧСҲ¶ͬ黹ɷµĵͷ

ѾƵĶĳëŵط˸ۣȻ˹°ͣ˼ⲻǶѳд𣿡

һȺոջ˵ʶȻȼڻɲ֮ϵеʫƪǰΣ
Īߣȳɣˣͯˣԡʣӽ顣

ѧŻȻԭлӵĳǻ죬ȫΪ徭һһ仰ΪһֱûǶˣΪǱʶﻹܼǵöǾ仰ʱԺиֵĻ档

һɲɣܳʱ

˱׶Ƹ˼Ǿ仰ٿŻʵľ˲̾Ŵÿðˡ

û˵꣬Ϳǰκ׫ĺΣ

磬ɳΡ

̫ûиˣֱ˹ɨأ

˺˵ôһ仰ɿǼַ֣ᡪ

ô죬ĺЧȥôһ
ƽʱһֱ飬ûʲôʱ棬ѾͺԼ⼸նҪڲݿܱġ
ϾҪĻѽ
ڲӦйڵ
ʱȥһˣ͸ڱųһ±һ
֮ǰʹԼ˲μӽѧǾٰĴĻѽ

ֱ˿ǲǻͨý߲ͨţ
ֲҪſǣͷţǿ

ͷţ죬ȼжǵѧӶͷţţ˩ϵˮīţϧͲĿ±СĻ磬ԭĵطŻ

֮ǰŻݣֽ˲˵ҲİһΡĻڡεĻš

ΪһֻܹĽգ粢еĵص㶨ڶôôԶĵطѡľڶǱϵһϪβ֣ʱ֣ĺһġ

صѧǾôȫԼȥαҪԩǮ籨أ

簲ŵĸֻݣǱҪ²۵Ļ˵ˡ

ʫرʫᡪʫưưǲǾָ«˵ʫдں«𣿡Ȼ˳ź
Բ۴ܵʫô

Ʒܳʳĳǳʳĳ͵һ𣿣
ôü

ΪļƷܹʿʿĳĽXX𣿣
ҴҺżǴװѽú(  )

ִܳǰû˵ĻĶУһȺѧԥԼԼΥѵԲμٰĴĻڵĻŵתȥȴЩݵ滹лʽ

Ҫμӱλѧ뵽ǰ̨һŴʷͱһŽŷｻԱǰѧӿԷǵĻѡѧӿĻڽȡ˻Ǯ

ԲлǽǮȥգ
ֻ֪ʶԨʫ顢ԴĻȰĶ˲ȥ

˭
Ҫ֤Լ֪ʶԨʫ顢ԴĻ֪֮֮ˣ
ѽ

ԼԼһ_(:١)_

һֳ˴󶯾ֹ˾ΧҪμĻڻ֮⣬ԺҲǰһ¾Ϊˡ

ΪӭӽѧĴĻڵĵҲΪһ߽ԺӰԺʽҪһصĻ硣

ڿǻڹӼμʡԵʱ򣬾μӴĻڵĴԺ˾Ѿܵ﷭ԤڴĻǰġܡĻϰİ壬¾籾ΪǱ༭ǹϵ顪

Խ֮ҵܵӡ

Ȿ鲻Ļıʻǹ£ڱ༭ﶼԳƵȱΪʱˮƽúõһͦߣһֱû

һĻڵȵⱾٰһأһ˵ϰԵݰⲿųݵĶ̻磬༭һǧͬ⣬Ӱӻķö˸ۡ

֮ڴĻŻᲥ»ĽԺһǰΪǻǰӳˣǽͽԺ˸ɧ

ǰÿɫ˭ݵѡȨ˶еİգ

˵˭ݣֻҪǸͶƱ࣬ݣ

һ³ЩʱĸԱ˿Ÿըˡ

ҼҰݣضҪݣ
ҼҰֵߣ㵱ҲһҪⲿֵߵǸɫ
ҼҴŮװȴװÿҪҼҴ󷴴ݸСӣ
Ҽҡ

һеǰǷ˿Ǳ뿴ɽġԽ֮ҵܵӡУΪⱾǸʳģĵڶҳ༭ǵʱص˽һԳɸһˣ½ǵ۽д

εͶƱ򵥴ֱͶƱֽǱϵڶҳ½ӡֻֽҪǸ˺ȷͿڱдҪͶƱԱţͶӦĽɫ

ȵֹʱ䵽ˣԱ¶̨ϵƱƱԱͿԵõǸɫ

Ǽ˽ѧ·İպͶһ۾Ϳ͸˵ײǰǱԭǹעġԽ֮ҵܵӡĻȥƱ

ѵƽġԺ

Ȼ_(:١)_




91.  ھʮһ   Ļڣƪ

һգ۵Ĺ, ĻھѧѧǵĶǶȻˣڵǰһ죬ѧӻĵʾԼԲع֮µĿӡ

ʲôĻ, ƭλǮôĵ

˵úã, ɴڼУҲŲμʲôĻڻ벽

ã

˵úã

ĳѧΪ飡

ĳҲһţ

һ

һȺظһ鵱뿪ʱµԣȻͦ໥ȭصԼסķȵڶ죬峿ĵһ, һȷĴ򿪣һȺ˸ԴõĴʱ·Լͬ߳, 

硣
, Ҳ硣


ҹﻹ໥ŵžϵ, ڶ͹ԹԴ˽óһʮΡ

󣬻һȺԼͷõġ֡ȴε߳ƤǶѧӵ

ĳμ˽ٰĴʫһ, ͬȥ֮ˣ

ֻʣôЩһֱնĵԼСıʷĻջ˵ġ˷˿, һᱨġ

ĳҲˡ
, , Ҳͨˡ
֣ͬȥͬȥ
ͬȥ

֣Ҳϣ˵õĴҽ춼ڷﲻأ

ǣһȺ˵˲ŵѧӾ, ׼ȥμӽٰĶ;УһƿԺӵĴţ˶סˡ

ǡ
ǽĶǣ

ſֵ̯Ĳ϶ϲŴܰղŻᴩĴֲ£תͷô㲻֪ķתͷֵ˵ɶأСӣǴܣ

ˣ
ԲһĴԽˣ

ܿ죬ϲǲʵʵĻ룺ǲۣһǴˣûʲôŪˣ

ŶûԽֻȫڶѡ

ȫҮ
Ļڣ

ԭﻹŤŵѧһǰҼҴ£ǹžĻ棬һʱҲˣȫĵͶ뵽һĻ֮ȥ

ڶǵѧǱžžͬʱΪĻڵġʼٸߡһƵŻһ˲ιһִġܡ

ǵģһˣǻʵۡʺ̫ӡλСүһˡ

˵һ󡱵Ĺ¡

ԴӽѧǱֳֹ˾֮ųÿҪټֹ˾ǿ֮ûʲôҪĻͬһξٰ조ĻڡҲһһʼҪֹ˾ⶨķѰѹأ֮ҲáҲãҪ롣

ǣڡĻڡĻ֮ѧǵԱæýŲŵصʱƾԼĻǳΪѧеǸˣźúһԴĽʢ䡪

ȻͱСүץ׳ǼҵáΡ

ʹˣ˵ɿպãҵͲ棬ȱΣ¶̾뵽㣡

СүΧһ˼磨̫ӣ󲮣ʵۣ߿ȻΪܸԼҲӡĻضǸûһ۸ãҰ¶㡱ı飬û¸úһѵžʹյ˻ʵһǰ

û뵽һӻܵˣϻسȺ˻ǰһ¾ָ̫ǣһȻǰõ֪ͨ˵ʵۿܻЯҾμӻһնҪҲûкΪʵ۱ˡ

˭룬ʵ۱²ˣȫҶˣ̫ӶŹ

ų֣ʵ۱»һ죬ĺ˵Լ͵ųľϣ

ǰ޾̫Ӹ没٣Ȼ죬ȥ̫Ӻ̫ҽʷǶΪ̫Ӷڹﲡأ̫͵͵顭

ţ

㻹ôǣ
ôզأ

ҲһɱְǼһˣɽɾͺˣʱͿ̿µһƬҵɾʹˮƯˣ

һ˲䣬źҴͽŪ͸ͽ֪ͨʷȻʷдǰӿҽĻʵһĭӡ

Ƕ֮顣

һ鶼Ҫ󻯵ԭߡ

ҲӲˣڸҪģҪǰһȺǰһߣĴδĻÿġðȫȴǽѧǡĻڡƣȹǽѧǡٷý塱ĵλˢһ͢ϵĴڸС

·Ͱźõġ

Լһ˳˶ææµµʱ͵ųȥǰֹ֪˾ŵĴĻڻг̿˵ŵúʣϼ˻ҳԱԭгϰԭ;·߸ĳƵӲôְʩȫ·߶ѡ

⣬˳˽絼רõС죬ҳԱַһרúɫСףʹһֹСʹܼȥˡ

һţ׼Լסˡ




ò˵Ŵ˶ڽյӺ̶Զִˡ

ִſνգܶʱ̼Ʒ߷ӣʲôĽգ󶼻ܳһ񻶽ڣһʼ趨ĻڡʱĳʵҲˡ

ѡһõʱѧǵӰ˳һ²ֿѡ

ɴĻ󶼳ǰսĳƷȴпѡ

֮ǰҲ˵Ǿ뽪ʱԾԶ淢չˮƽҲԶԶһǸʱȻҵֶûγɣǰԼԼҶĶڵ

ԵŴŻʼֵʱ򣬾ͷеĵһ춼ûпţЩԭӦÿӭӿ˵ȫܳ·һѵĻ·ߴҳ˽ͨõǮ֮⣬̯λҲʳΪλм򵥵ｻ

׹˱ü临ӣ˲ԼĻֵٴףָͣͷţɼʹˣҲûһ˵մ׵ģϸŵдµġܽｻͨԴΪͨжһĹ򣬾ĻʼҲˡ

ؾ˻˺üףһʵظ·ߵ̼ҽ̸ţԷǸȤĸƷ

ȫCOSPLAY˶ھԼŬԭԼĿеĴģ

ŵȺȫصһ̯λ˺üġ衱οǡһͲϲ˵ġǴˡ

ĶƷŵοǳ˻ʵۺСү˵С˶ǵûʲôſ˿ʱ䣬Էĸ߷嵽֮ǰȴŶȥϲ˹ݳԴɫʳ

ϲ˹ͬûп꣬ѡſڴ˸Σǰһдšʳȥʮֵġܡ

νɫʳʵִԵտͻǻõǶ˾øǩӴƬڻϿȫûСĸ

ֶʱģϲ˹ݵǰѳĹŲ˳϶˶ֽţװһģһɳʦڽһƬż

տǰԵͦ࣬ӦðЩʳȷŽʲôʱʲôĽ֭տҪҪˢһЩһмһԼǰ廨ֱеÿһο͡ǳԵðЦ۾춼Ҫˡ

һȺ˳ԵӶſ˿ʱ䣬Цشпڵķߡ

пʵָǻʳǰһյأԡնԴŴ˽ѧǲ˳͢Ժ󣬲пﲻǵն֮أƽʱҲھۻֵطԺÿʲô¶ϲطٰ졪֮ǰȫѡǳƱ飬Ժٰġ

ҲΪ˶ֵĵط֮һ

ֵĵطƾǻʳſڣƵѲߣʳǵҲ۾ضһһȫϵߡ

ԭƻԶʹúһȴ˻ʳſڵĻʵ۱е㲻һƽʱȴʮ̰ġͯòƭʷǵ۾ɿɿ죬ɲ빦һ

ؼСӣö˶˵Ĵʵ۱۾ɵͭ壬һе뺦ޡıģ

£˴оϲĵȴŰסͯǿ˲пڵ

пҲ˳һЩ̼ڵֵ̯ƷĶӾ£ֹɣƫװԡ

ЩǸ̼ΪˡĻڡרĿʽҲûУλͻʺĿ

һ빺Ŀ񻶵ʱѹѹȺ֮УͻȻһͭˣšһһáȺ֮߹һ·ֱߵ˲пڵģȻࡣ

DuangһվߵСתͷ˹ȥִ˹ȥ

DuangڶΧҲʱͷӶǰ߹ȥǼһͭΧΧһȦʳǵӸæά

DuangDuangDuangԭΧһȦ֮˲ӿ죬ԽԽ죬ԽԽ죬Ⱥ֮վͬˣǷɿ࣬ͭԭͻ˲üʱͻȻĬһࡪ

Ⱥ֮Уѵʱ

վСүǰղŻСүּۻ۵̷ħһһ֧յѣУһֻͻȻ俪

Ⱥ֮вٵСӾԼõһվֶ֧ӵǰǳšʫרдŮ֮Ķ䣬衣

գпԼܱߵǰС̯Ƕ£źһεСգۼȺûǴһȺһĹҵղСӣԶһȡ

ֻոջάڶɸһȣųһζվ˰ΧȦ룬ʳ֮ϣλŽ׵˵ϸ̨ûսġ

һһ£Źĵһ׾ȭ

ڶ飬ֶҲУӲʵȭڴʱƴȭ˸գ֮赸šǡǶ췢ʵĳƵĶ䡣

裬жӼװµؼάŻʳ򣬿ݵȺ˷ܵòУ׷뿴ûĽĿҪݡ

𣿻𣿡Сү·Ҫһ׷ʡ

ûлͷֻǴЦػشȻС

䣬ֶһλͬǰֵĿ࣬һεִżζȺ֮УһųǰͻŲ˳

ѧʱϰ֮˵
󡪡Զֺ

һһŹȵİü˲Ƕɵǳ

ǿܣ
̫ӱϳ˰ݵĽɫʱ̲ס

ûп̫ӵıϣһ˧ĶҲߵм䣺֪ԣǣ֪ԣҡ

ܵ˷ӿвűվȺм䣬Ȧڣ˵ԼĹ۵ãȦ⣬ͨīĶ˼طֱ

˵˵ţȺ˱һһ䣬ÿ˳ǾǡɾݵĽɫ˵Ĺ۵㣬Щһϳһ׸ô˼

ʵĸ/֣˴ϳ˵ŴܵĽ˵Ϊ˻˼ڲͬ

ǲֻ棻
ԶԼɣһиĪеĶ
ԷҵĹ۵㣬㲻۶ҵĽ
ҲڵĹɣսңսվ

Ѿվ

һΧ̲ס̧ͷͦΪԼǴܵĺᡢ˶ԺΪ¹ҵĴߣʵ۱¸Ǽӯ

úúã質ã̫зˣ̫ˣ

ֵصͷʾĿͳ͢ƳģͲһ˶

ʵ۱ӣţ治ЩԱģ̫Ӷ˵ŴκĿеʮ֮񣡡

£ЩǳдԼݵġ

֪COSPLAY˵׾һ˿Ŀ񻶣ְݴ˵ĴCOS̨ȻҪΪƳܡЩܾоΪ͸һˡ˲ڲμӹƾٵĳйԱңأ

ʵ۱µͷѱӣû뵽֮лôб츳˲ţ׾

˵üؼСӣݿϷӵ˭ôһֱڵޣݼ׽ݵĻǵûģɲܶ˳͢ǰ

һۣʷ̨ˡ

òײװ͵͵ӻʹ͵ܳμӻĻʵ۱Լһɼǣ

군ǡ




92.  ھʮ   ĻڣӰƪ

žİŵġܿ, ʼųŲһ첻ʱͲòɢˡ

쵼˻ʵ۱ºʼ׵̫ӵ¶żٿӡʷ̨ǴĿ⣬òѡ뿪СŶӣŲӻصʹȥװʲôҲûз, ø崮ÿڹ׼Ӧؽʷ̨ĵ, ֮ǰһ֮ĸĻʺһúչֶŮһӺú档

ظ˵šպգҾǸµү㱻ֳҲû¡վ̲ס¶ذ϶ͯͬؿǰλү

ǲǻûº̫ӵ´¼͵͵Сӡ

ȻΪʲôͬǻʼҵĶλ˳λ̳ˣʵۺ̫ǣ, ȴʾ˵ٹһ㣿

С̾һһǼһǵÿжģ

ȶ˴󲿶, ϵĵӶʱ˺ܶ, ѡһĿҲڿԷſֽˡ

ҳԵǽ˿ĵһ, ʵǰѸֲǰ⿺ãȻڳΧһȦԷĿڸõһӺһ˫ӣʲôԼ, Զ٣ȫͷշѡ

˵ҵϰǴӡסйشĻڵķ׽ϵõУŴĻڵȶȻгӡԱؽλ, ȻĻڿĻĵһͿҵˡ

һֽϵĹ̾ҵľ, ŶԼǰĻ, ŻʼʣµųԱȥҵꡣ

ΪӪģʽ״̯λûʲôˣŴŽˡһзˡ

ҵ˵λߵӴ, µҪԼʳĳԷʽе棬ʽʳﶼһ㣬ǣҵϰϸģڰ·СҲ˳ϣȺԥûһĻʼˡ

һ˴ŴǷڴҲǸģټ˲¶ġҲȱǮҺǮҵĶˡ飬һֱǰΧȺҲ̲סǮأһȥģһ˳ʱԭյ̯λſѾһˡ

ǰλ곤͵͵קŵӣ·̫ˣһǮӣָָڡ硱ĵ죬ʾ

߰ҿԳں˵

š
ײԼҵڶҵ˸ں

ͳԵôҺܿģһ·һ·ģȴ뿪ǼҵʱѾˡſ˿ʱ䣬ԼΪѧϴߺŴһ˸˽Ժų»硶ڴܵӡײʽ

ȻѾԭҲ֪һεĻǸԽ磬Ż°Ȼصؼĵһţض̨֮ϵԱǡ

ԽĵӾ͵Ӱܶ࣬ǴԽĻҪô治֪

ҪôֲǴԽˣ
ԭôô⾰ŻôһССĳָô֣

ɵȻʽʼʱžûЩйȥЩˡ
ϰŶӵĳĹŴ磬ȻһҲִЧƬ͸߳ɱĴԽ

Խ֮ڴܵӡһʦһڹһѵϴԽܿµĹ£ԭľſеǰġлСҡǽǴĳߵѵˣԼĳհԷͬʱҲĥԼտЩ۵ڵؿ˼Ҿ¥

ȻЩһⶼǴʷϵ

ڸıɻ֮ϰϱǶ籾ˡħġԭġĳˡ괩==

ǱǳһСıſڹǧǰĴܡǳһڹˣԴһ˼յĴĳҾƹݵٶңӴ·ǿڹ

ҪʴôоƹݣҲ׷ʱûٶֳƺҪǿڹôصµģ֮ܶЩŤ趨ԭǻ硱ľ˲ıˡھƹǵķ¡粼ĳɱ½ı֮Ĺԭǧ

˵ŵ糡ʱ򣬳ԭǶڿһ˽ﲻǺģ֮⣬ڿǽиζɫʷ˵ĳȫһһľŶǼŵСһ߶߶ʲô˧䡱ÿɰ

̨Ǽϰ𯲻֪ڳˣһִֿȦС⡱ĸо

ʳ˻硢μȫһѻʼȺŪĹүСӸͻؼңĻڵĵһ죬ȻЩԤڣžԼûǺܳġ

Ҫ조һСġһΪĻڲȶصİֵĻʵ۱ºͿֲ¶̫ӵ£ŽΪҪˣһԹԴڻʹԲӰ쵽׼Ľտ񻶵ġ



ĻΪһɽѧǷգȻǲڽķڼģĻڵĵڶ죬Ϊ߻糯ھС

һвŵϣһ糯ʷ̨дֵָǵĻʵ۱Լ̫ӵ²ϧԼֵܵ顪

ҵ˵ʷ̨ϴ˵۶˰ʱ۳ÿ̫͵һȦأʵ۴󲮿۾Ρ仰ԵڶһżҴŵġ˿ںʹֻԼСӡ

̫Ӹȥʷ̨ϴ˵Ļ˵ȥģ֣´Ǹ糯һʱڽأڶ仰Ϊϵϸ綼ʷųֻܳ䵱õܼ໤˵Ĵ

Ȼģʷ˵һµĽ־ǶֶӸĴڹּĻ⼸˼һͬ˼ĵȻмװɵĻʵ۱º̫ӵ¡

Ļڵ֮죬ŴСӺʹ̽졣

ȥǴ󳪡ʫ߳Ծ͵ȡĵտ㳡ΧԺķӺʹߣЧ´ܸ㡰ۡ׷־ġСӡأϲĻСͶƱƱһֱĻڵҹȫǵ̻ĻŴȻʧظҡ

ȻչЩС覴ãĻڣ˵Ǵﵽ˶֮˶Ľ
ȣǵİպ⡣

գŴġĻûôʢеʱǴĿһԷֵֿӡ

湺־־ѧϰ½յġϰס˵ĽձرƷμӸֹ˾ƳĻڻģİԼɴˣһ㲻ضԡ

Σ֮еҲ⡣

ȻڴĻǰǷ׷һ㡱Ϸ룬ѧǸ˾Ƴֻջ£ī͵ģԲǲˡ豹桱Ρݽ־ͳƣ־յʫĸǰµɼλǴԴȪ

û뵽ǣ͢Ҳ⡣

ĴĻڣǰյϰߵ˵ǧǰûгˣûţ⣬ֻȾɫֻƷܵͬʱҲڷжôôĺãǰô˼δıĹʹˡ

֪Ĵ󳼺ͻʵ۱Ƕʱʱͱ²ʿϳʹԱȣȻһǴ

ǵżҲǴʱڵˣҲԼþͱǸʱǲ˰Ļðպī۾ʱĽ˽͢ȽǵŬ䡰šĺڼС͢գյع֮ǡɵһˡ

֪ԼϹĽջŵȻҲܿġ

ȻġĻڡûĳ˫ʮһɶڵĳɽȺڹڵĸãΡ桢Ϸ绰硢С˵ܱߵȣѧǾ׬µӪҵʷ¸ߣ

Ҫǣֹ˾ҲĻϱֳǴºͶһɽҲӦ˽ѧǿĹʵϲѡ

ڿԵȫȫ˦ƹ
ԺԹ÷ֺ첻ɻ

ȥˣʵԼŴȦȦСΪżЩҪɻֻҪ˧˧˧̸ǵ

ЩżܲǣǼпԼܶĸһĸңӿһĻʼһֱΪ׬Ǯ

˭ǳźüһȺڣī¶BGMȫʿŮʿͼУ

죡

ع֮
ڴˡȦһܲáĳɾͣ
ȻûɵСγ޳ƶһȦ
ȻûбڣѧǵԱİ
ȻûīһܲBGMֱдרԺÿ佱ǳʱ֣
Ȼ޷ﵽ֮ɫĵزôҲǽӴ쵼ˡ쵼ǰ˵ϻţ

ڣ
żеıҪѾˣΨһͲŮˣ

žãԼʱ̸һ춯ؾĶȥصˣ
Ϊ׼˳˾һžµ

Ȼ־׼ҶõĲ÷충ʮ߰е·ʱͻȻõԻʵ۱µټ

ŵڶζһһͻʵ۱¼档

һؼ滹ؽʱ֮ļ涼һһˣǺͱһģʹһЦĻʵ۱ʱͷܾûŻŵġ

ǵİտ֪ܲǺǽĻʵһԸ񲻿׵Ĵڡ

׵Ļʵ۱¶һֵиҪ飬˴֮һܸоϤһ¡

޴꿪ȥĹҪң

š
ˣ
ʵдƽҵսϵʱϵɲǺһģһ

̫̫ƽƽ
ΪʲôҪ̣
ĸܲһ뻹Сγһ֪ͨȫǿսģ

ഺż俹ս
ôĹڴӦ𣿣




93.  ھʮ   

޸֮սȥ

ΰĿʵ۱µȻûôϡ

һֱʵ۱°Ժ˺ܾõļƻһԵȫ˵, Żָһ
˵Ҳǣװı¶ûǰսҪ˵Ҫһ߾սˡ

ʵ۱¿˵ҪġĹ, ʵǴڽ߾ϵһСҡ

ȻСԽİͼԱȵ, ½߾ߺܳڱ߾ϵĹҺͲܼʮĹ뽪ȽǸСңԱܱʣµʮҲ䣬һչȶĴˡ

ȻĻʵ۲ΪĹǵҪĹġ

һĽǰĻսϱȽͳһ⽻涼ս, ˵ʹ

֮ҪĹΪǷ򣡡Ļʵ۱˵õʮ㡣

ţ߼ܡҾԶԡ

С۵Ļʵ۱ĹҸв֮, Ŷʱͱ̬, Ҳ̲סͬʵ۱µжϡĹ, ȷʵͦǷġ

ĹҵİմϿúͽĲ࣬۾Сһ㣬û, ͷ۾ưɫƤϰҲ룬, ھӦǺܺദܺùͨ, ܲסھӵ۲̫

䲻֪, ¶ǿüۣûкˣʵ۱һѵק˳ղŶʵ۱¹Ĺơ

ʵ۱½ŵңǰսʱ, ĹʢС;ٱ򣬽˰̣Ǹһ򲻹˽飬Ը׳Ƴÿ깱

Ⱥʢˣ´ңҲٽ깱˵ڱ߾ַҪռˣһֱҽʮأĹı߾һֱÿˣǵ˾ʹҹյʳɱȥֵһڵ÷ɿ졪

Ϳǲ˳ˣǻǰûɾûȥڲһˣ˰䰲ƽңһٽ˷ſճ֡

Ӿ͵ŪǸ

϶ǻʵ۱ԼĹ²ۣһȨߵĽǶȸҪĹʵɡ

Դǻı߾һֱ⵽ܱС졢Ħϣľ¶ĹˣΪɱӺҲΪ˱ԼЩĳΪһʵ۴ĵɽ;񲿶ȥһˣ

ѵչʾԼ©һĻʵ۱´һӣһţ޶ˣˣͽָɽ

ţ
ⲨԵġ

ǰһйءΪʲôҪ̵̡֮󣬶Իڽ⣬ʵ۱¿ʼţҪЩʲô

޴괺첥ֽ󣬾ɱȥĹڴ֮ǰޱҪ֤ܱĹҲսһַһԿսǰޱҪ취סȺС

ŵͷʾ⣬Ȼǲ֪ʵ۱Ҫ

Ȼ˵Ҳ֪ô죬ǡ޿ŪǸĻڣ޾Ͼǹˣ޾ʹ뽪չ죬Ǽʶʶҽǿ󡣡

밴մĻڵĹģŪȫַ֡Ļǰһͬμӹյʹ˽⵽ǸǰʢǿĹңԽ׳ذ벽

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ʵ۱µ׷ʵ֮ʷôʵ۸ġʵ˵׾Թʵ֮ӿʵʩԽǶ׷ǿеġ

Ų̫ɡ

͸ȥһЩطȥһξͿˣûҪÿ¶ȥһˡЩգһ͹ˣÿ¹һû˼

ðɣɸͨ׵Ƕλ˼ŴĽѧǿŴĻѾѶǰտڴ﹩ֵǮ׬òˣٰͬģյʢ䣬һ죬ǵ֮ǵϰǾ͵óˣ

ɣ

˫ʮһֹ֮˸ûü֡˫ʮ֮Լ

ǸһտһдŸӭԼ

һ뵽ϱӴѧı״ͲĶԶ˼򵥳ͽѧǵİ֡

ٸһδĻǲܵģ¸ͬһʽĽǾԲԵġоݵطţѻʵ۱µѵÿԼԹ뵽ķһˣȻڻʵ۴ʧɫŤŤʾ֭˸

ȻĻڲһΣֻҪҹĻʹɶʵЧ˵Էʹڿ˶ǵķ֮ѡӻ̰ҪӶᣬ˭Ҳ֪

ıô

ϱڵĹΪĳЩҴģÿһʱҪȫһԼġ⡱žһ·ڹŴҲһãһεĴıýѧǾ͸ˣ˵ǽѧǻԴ磡

ôһ룬Ŷʱ˾񣬿ʼһĻʵ۱½ŹıֺôʲôýİиԺд̼жȥʲôʹȺֵ˿ͳͳļһصӱȰʲô߾ʵġ

ʵ۱ȻʮǸԸĲִȥμ£Ļʵ۱£ŸıԽ۾ԽԽԽĳȣŸɴ鷿ŵֽû˸ԼԺıģ֮ৡһ¾ʹվ

ãͰ˵ȥ죡͸ı

Ǳ£ıãȴǮ

޲ܣ޾Ҫı޵Ļɽڵأ

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ֻҪܰ޽ӴȺʹڣɨ޴̵ϰޱͣ

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94.  ھʮ   &ǰ׼

Ϊóдͬվıʽ, ʵ۱ǿ³־׼һţȻʱСģ´糯ܻĴǵѡ

ʵЩ׼󶼳ù

ΰرڵĻʵ۱һֱǴ󳼺̫ӹע͵ĵĽ㣬û취, ˭λʵ۱ǿֲأ

һ˵˼ҴϵİġС顱ҲǽѧǵĴϰŸн, ˾ͰŹƻʵ۱/Ҫˡ

ȵǷһֱҲûӹʱڴѾȺԼεĳʼ²λʲôش¼ˡ

һظٷֽҲ˼һʱһ粻˼ҳԷ⵽Ҫɶ

ȵǷֵ磬۶ȫӸ̫Ӳ˵˺һһ֪ڴɶʱ, סˣԼͬܵ, ׵̫ӵѡ

ȴӷӵ̧ͷӭڴ󳼵̫ӵ£
̫ӵ£λҪ, Ǹ˵Ҳһ

㿴ҿ, ʼ̫ӵ¾͡ȻǸ˵¡һʵдϴԡ

һҪλݺȥѧд޵ʵ۵Щ꡷أ

һһŴԼŪŽСʥأ뿴֮ǰŶĳɡ족£

һֱСӺƣҪѽѧǡаΪ߲͢أ

̫˵Ǿ͸
ݹʷ, ʲôĻʵ£
ɥ־Ļʵ£
ϲ˵飬Ҳ˼һ춼飬пҪľ, ͿҪ׷ϣϾͲԶ˰̫ӵǵİɣ

һȺԽԲԽսս, Щʷɱ֮ǰ˾鶶øˡ

ȵŷʵ۱ҪŵϢ֮, ̫ҲڳŲסˣڴ󳼴ҴҸĸʡ

ǵCOSPLAYĻʵ۱ºŻû׼õʱڴ󳼺̫ӵ׷°ԼǵһԵȫ˵ȥˣҪ̵ıʽ˵һɶ

̫ӣŶ, ԭ¶λͺãһء

ڴ󳼣Ŷԭ¶ֻҪĹŲȤҹͺá

ĳ̳ǵةˣˣΪβֱ¹˵

ĳڽɫĻʵ۱µⲻ°䲻Ӧ𣿡

ةˣ΢Ϊλ᲻Ӧ

ţô˵ةǴӦģ

ةˣȻǴֻҪٸôһͨ̾ʹֲ̣ûҲǴ򲻹

ةһ仰Ļʵ۱²ʵλأ

ڴ󳼻һ챻ʵ۱һɧ֧ƣ໥ӣۣҲԸ⡣ֻҪҪ

ɶҲ֪Ļʵ۱º±ȣβŷӦԼһĿѾﵽˡ

̫ӣǽǰıʽ׼̵ˡ

󳼼ף΢ıʽɽ񲿰
ңڴ˴ıʽľѣ΢ýѧǴ˴εĻ͸úܺãԳԡ
󳼱
󳼶

ĳϲúʧĻʵ۱ºǰȻһĻ⣬Ϳʼˣ

⻹ľͿʼˡ

ڻʵ۱ºֳһһ죬͢Ϳʼ¸µıʽһڹĿս

ûʼ´Ǿֵ˺ƣŵ졪Ͼ˼Ҹչؾͽ˼ȥ̰ɣ

飬׼ݡ׼սҪǮֱ罫ڱе߾Щ飬ڰǿĵطĽš

ܿʲôأ

һǼıʽ

񲿺ͱȥˣȻýѧϳͷ͢ĹԱΪͻʵ۱¡һֱԲҪѧҡһԿݲ

һһٰ׽ѧĻ̶ԭС˵ƪƪޡΪϳ͢һļƻⶨΪ

ҹߣԶ

Ŀúܴ󣬵ѡҪȴߡֻҪµٱսйؾУǸٱǸ߼޵ǸˣҲǹ±漰սս߾

Ҳܼ򵥣ǿǵͶƱǵİֻҪܱһݱֽһƱеıͤ϶ͶƱ䣬Ʊ˿ԸԼϲƱϹԼϲС˵ͶƱҲûϵͤʶֵıͯ԰Ͷ

ΪʲôֻҪֽС˵ͶƱأ

Ҫû⣬Ǳαص㡣

ŵİ£ͶƱѡٵС˵Ǿɸѡࡣ

һ࣬Ǿˣ߽ģ޲սս޲ʤսʤ󱧵˹飬ǵɷǾˣ޸˹Ҹһġ

ڶ࣬Ƿǵйϸ/ˣƻǵ顢顢飬˿˺޵޲ôɵġ

࣬ǽ߾տͿп̬ġ

֮Ҫǿ֮Ծ˱ߵľ⣬Ǹеľ뵱ǸŮľ޸ĻԼŮװȥ

Ӹͽǿ˵

ӹǰ¿ʼһֱպһ£ҲǸʹ뿪֮ȻЩѡС˵͸ıɾ籾ԺݣѲݳݵ꣡

ڽʲôܸ߹飬ϾĻԸ⵱ĲǼĽҲ˲òˡĵزǱ͢ǿӲģľǡﻨľ֮游ӾΪǿִе

ˣڰͳ˼ֻеµ˲Żȥġ

ģðǱʶȥ߿ְҵһӱְܵҵ˶ְҵ

пܳɹ

Ϳ߿־ԸжΪһӾǵְҵѡԼδְҵרҵ֪ǿܵģ

ᵽĳҾü׵˾¶羴ҪеͲ̫ѣǽѧΪ͢Ψһ¡Ͳ֪ʵ۱¿ķϻŵʲôô

ѧǴССĻЩҲೡˣḻһһĻνᳵ·ǿʼѰͻƣȻں޷ڣǾΧɡεĻ˶Ҫ֮⣬صķҲУַǷ

͢ıʽɵ׼ţ񲿺ͱӸʽͱ֣ڶǴСﾭῴٵĹٱ

ܵѧǵĻӰ죬ЩٱڵΧһ㶼һýšĸδ޵СԾԾҪôĶǰա

ǰϦܱ͡ס׵ؿʼյףҸǿռִĸʹ͸ס

ڣǰ죬ʹ½ǣһӡĶȫһĳС




95.  ھʮ   ǻƽ

һѽѧǷվ, ѧǺõĳ͢Ҳ˳ƽ˸ص鱨ѧǵı硢־һ𣬶һһط޾ϸԷɿٶȴ볯͢

ڸʹ뽪߾ʱ, ͢ѾյϢ, Щʹһ뽪ÿγԷĵĻ⵽վСķӦǰʹ䡢ְԼеĿġԽ̬Ҳ֮ˮ档

ϡ¥⼸ңǴҹ͹ϵġ³¯ĸʹѶϢëպպɫīˮǼϵ˵㣬Ȼݸڱϵͷĳ͢Աš

ʯɳ̫⼸ҵʹ, Ƕǽ⣬ǰ̽ʵһߵ͵˼˵ͳһͰ͵ֽ, ɫʮ֮Ųŵǰ



ĴǲǸڡ˵, ʮְǵıͬʱҲʮ֮һ, һ˶ԼĹָָĻ͸ԼŮƵ˲ըëһͰ͵ֽ֪

Ʋֹһ񲿵ĹԱڹֽء

ֽͷĥ

ʹǰǣ춼վסŲǳȥ, Ͳٵģʵˡ

ǼȻҪڶǹ䣬ô, Щط, Ҫֻ͢ǿġпܼǰ̽, Щյİһнġ

ĵһ⽻񲿾ҪֽȥǰܸŸˡ

ܸŹȻ, ԽһתԼķ

Ǿ͸ɴŪι۹һΰɣȲʧԣҹ




ǣʹִﶼǡסΪǰźõĽӴݣհٺã͵֪иܽʵ۱ίеĽѧǵϰŵ

Ǹŵ˳һ˲ţԭһӵıԹ;ҲûˡҴһϢ

¸Զǧҽף٣صش˽Ϊҽ綼λƽײͣ͹⡣

ѧǣ
磿
һ
ⶼɶɶ

һ·и̥ĸʹ֪Ϊѧֱ仯ڲʱ򿴵һΧھ¥߾һ˵ΪĹϵҲֻǺѾۻᣬ벻˵/ֽ/̸ʱ/۰/ΪԼİƱҪ˵ȥſеЩһȽʻˡ

ŲôʱѾּʶʱǵĽ֮ǿĵشӿӶͳͽܷġǻƽΡȻʼ컨׹ؽΪȺʹڰŵļ֡С塢в԰һ·ߡ

ʹûεĸ⧲رĿ⡪

϶ѵõʱһƽƽСϰ͸ôһֽϣЩ紫ŵչ

ٿ·ġԽҵ֡ЩΪ֪Ĺ¡³ıݡۻҵġ

ԭ뷨ҪȵļʹڱʶʶԼδġȡж֣г̱ͷܿͨյ֪ҵ׿ףǺȷҪʲôȥ

ԭȾͶԽĻļҵʹ򲻻໥˼ֻۣýĻʵ۹Ȼӣеɼ͸Ƶֻ֪¶ʹҪƲ¶ô򵥵ĵǡ

ǰ⽪İպͶж෱жٵŮͲƱǹźùĶ˾ٱռ

ʱдһ飬˵ǻƽǲŹȺ˲ҪռΪУ

˸˼شӦε飬Ȼڵڶ죬Ҳεĵһһ磬鵽˿εһɫ

ѷ

Ÿ׼ʹǾͱСֿٴˣԴظѭӵ̫κسͣһȺ˾һμһɫǻֵͬʱαεεš

λο밴˳ǵĻƽζȼٴһʼУ

ƽʵʹԼġĺơֳûȥ֮ǰһȺ˻ںΪʲôȺôһ͹ƫҪֳ飬һһȺ˲ˡ

ƽĸĲ˵˵ġ

Ϊ˶Եʵ۱µκ˽ͳǮϿνɷѿġ

һʳмϰһ̽ɫСʳƴ̹סȺ˵ζͼ׬ǵСǮǮȻִԼҵĵŶǧѡѡ˵ġƢԸģֱ񲿺ͱд˶ǵĽܴȫ鲢ïرУרϸ˼ʹڵΡ

ǽҪȥĵطǶĵطҲǿɰĵطʳĴ㳡㳡û֣Ϊʵ۱¹»ʳʱվڻʳߵǽϷ¡ͬ֡ĺԸ㳡㱻ǳǡֹͬ㳡

Ǿ仰˵죬ҲпʮˣһҲȷʵĳŵͬҵĹ㳡ƽʱǰߣǵĹ㳡һļȥ͢ҪʱΣЩСϰеĺȥõͼóظѧʿ˿̨˱Ļѣ˵ܴҽķ˴ѣ

һŵĶǶԽԴøжȺ˿ȵʹڣԭĻѬգźͽһ˼άʽһȺ˳ŽСԣŽĵθǴһҹΰһʡ֮޲̼⽪һǣᶨҪ뽪Ѻõġ

һңĹ񣬵˳ǵľγҲˣ

һʢˣγһһֱֵܹͦң

ͺаȫأ

ţһȺʹһ黨

ͬʱǺϣ෴ġ

ǽҪȥǵطҶĹ㳡ֹͬ㳡֣ͬͬ˼壬֣֮ͬһƺΪӹ´ңҳڹ»ʳסǰʱΪڽʿն֮乫㳡֮ϡ˵һգǰĹʵͷصһ˲䣬¡ڽʿΧ۵İǷĻԴˣ㳡ֹͬ㳡

ʹһɱڵĹ£ʳɫýӲ

ǰĵȻòС۾͸˿ŵĹ⣬ɳƵɤŵ

ҲԺֹͬ㳡ͳҽǹ֮˵ĵطҽˣıҽաҽߣֻҪץⱻԼ̡

ʯʹǿװ򶨣˳ǣ⣬ôܣ㳡ôˣ겻ɢôܻΪʲôĹ㳡ղЩƭ˵С°ˣ

ʹεЦţǰĵû˵ʲôƿĴ¶һ컮ԼϣʹĽǶȿȥǵε϶һһ㣬ձȸղŸˣ̫ʹŵɳʹλȥ

ҽİգǺͱһѪ߹ģЩúùӾ֪ƻ˼ҺӵĹл˼䣬ҽձشɢڹ㳡ظôûѡȥǷͷıǿˣ

İաƢ͵Ӷô

ﾲΪΨһֵҵʹڳ¹ʹڼҪȥʳΧĿŵ˻

ȵڶתȦתžĵѾ̨ʶ֮ʾ͵Ŀĵءֹͬ㳡

ֵļУֵߺȣЦվͣĳ⣬ͣ¡ʹǷ׷״ӳһ߶ಣһϲĬĬصͷ

ƽ𶼳εĿúܳɹҪٽˡ




96.  ھʮ   ƫ˵

ڽĶǻƽεʱ, ŵĴܼ򵥣ҪСֶӣɹִ֯һ, һһǳظȺ˿һϴԡ

ЩͶԽкøСҪ£˵ʹ, ͬ㣬Ǵ˽ȰƽĻáԸߺƽչ·ȸ󸻵˼롣

̤֮һֱһұ𿴺ǮֵǸַӹơʹߣذʾǽոսʮ֮ǣ𿴱һĶ޺ӣʵ˽ǼĻҧˣ

ͬȥ뱾˾۾ӵҵֹ, õζǰߵǡȰĻԸ˹ͬס, ÿ͡, Ժֲвǡǽһֱעÿһ˿, һһǵƤӵ£û쳣ãһ쳣Ǻ, ҽ˽ԿΪսʿ

ʹǶһȺμңľ͸濴ʵʣͲȺ˻᲻˼·ȥ룡

ϧƻϲϱ仯

εĵһ, ԭŵͷϷӦþǻƽϵλǫ̈̄, ֹͬ㳡ųƶĹ㳡, ʵֻһִԶѣʱڹ㳡רҼԺȺݼϷοһȦͿԻǺúһˡ

κôҲû뵽һǡø˶ǵ̼Էġ˫ʮһ, ÿһڹ㳡ϰ̯ϰ嶼ص˿ӣʮĵʱƵ

֬ʺҲõĿ֬˫ʮһؼۣһһۣǧݣȵȵã

ź棬һдֵֽʣǧٷݡ

̯λǰΧźѹѹһȺˣ߾ǮСҪ򡱣ϰæǮͰԼתĺӣȻëһذǸǧĳˡһǧˡ


ҸǮҪ򣡡

һߵؿִ˫ʮһԪĳûüΧһʹǽͣͿͣĵطһĳҲҴҰѳͣ£һȺСϱŵһ³㳡Ͽ񱼡

Ŷһ٣ⲻͽյĵϵͽΪǵһλʽͽĵӺµĵһͽڰʦź󲻾þͶг˹ε·ŶӡرȻų̫ÿԵʡ

ֻʵͽĲԶվȻתĴСϱ̫ǵ

йǣйע⣡㳡ѾˣѾǸôˣڴ׼ǮңС˳һһ߹ȥСŵңǸСĹŶ򵽵һͼۣõƷ

ҲҪɢҵĻӣȥӣͬӣСþԲӣйǣߣ죡ֻ׼˰˰װ

硭ôԽǰȺ׷Ůҹֱ˫ʮһƷʱô

ǳ鴤̾ȻСƹ˵Ĵ

ûָι˫ʮһ·Ŵʦͨһ㲻ִ˲أ

Ÿ̾Լ󻹸һȺ˵ʱתͷȥȺʹںͲӰˣǰ˳Žſȥ

һ׼ǮӸͽСˣ

ǣЩǹõĶܹȥʲôְ

ҹĻ٣̼˻̯ؼңȵǮտضϳš׬ˡϲøеʹǣȫûеĸӺǡ

ţ

ʱоԼ񲿱߰쾫Ƶнܷȫˣֲִ˿ŵС˵ûʲô˶֮˵ģ黹ãǾˢ

ôԣ

㿴ǰȺСϳŵʱһĻ̥Ÿհ˼Ūϴԡʱһľ籾ߵɫֵľ֡ϲϲһ˼žı仯ڱ仯Ǹһ˫ʮһֱһȺ˾ִͬ/ֱͷ̫/ˣȥϱ鶼ݵò==

ŵϾȡ·߽ȥеĹﻷڣӦͲҪô˼ҲͰǮˣڶһͰȥ϶ҡڵͷ̷ϲ˹ݣƷɫʳţʵĿʵһ˵ġ

µԭһ߸ӵ˹߸ӣΪ˷õ⣬˼һ߸ڱ߾УһһȺߣȻ߸ǻۻǵĹ¼

Ű¸ĳ˵飬ȡ߸СʿյĿս硶СŸ¡ӸЦԪأԪأ߿̻Ҫ໵ж໵Ҫ޳ж޳ܣ˹Ūһ̱жǿ

մ˵˼ά߼ǿ˶й˴ƹ˹ھĬй˶ƹңƵйùƷﷸΪȫĻ˶Ṧ򶼲ǣһСΪǵķսأ

ҾͲȺ˻û١˳ǣ򡢳Թ뷨
ٲҪϾˡ˺Ӻļʲôġ

ãϲ˹һûٳ⣬˳ӦÿֺƽʹЦǰ󷭣Ӧÿ³ͼʹÿ߱ըƨɱʺѵʱͻһɪɪ

˵飬ϾȥԺսഺŰ̾硪սеİ顷ʲôʧ䡢ҺޡҰְֲҰְְ֡Ұ㰮ֹѪԪ룬Ⱥû·ʹһһ㶵ġ

ȻһиȺʹھͱڴԺſڵӦԮ˿Ÿorz

ŰȺ˴ӺѹѹȺһʱһѾһѹŴӦԮܱߣҪӳҪ֧ԼżΪżˢƱ==

棬ȺʹڴЩҾԵսǵĻʵ۱ºͳдûҪôٴУսǰصذȺҹҪ˼һͨвֱӰԼǼЩҸ㼸Ѳݾ͹ˡ

֤һΪż֣Ϊ˭վCλڲ˺ƣԲпȥҴʲôʲôġ

ȵһ磬żҴܵȥˣҪǼʶһǽ˵սͶԽɫݵȰȴ˸գӡʹڵıǸ֪һȺ˴ȥȺǳԱӦԮϵľ糡ˡ

׼һг̵ţ
ʺ(sF)sߩ

죬ӶǷ˿ӦԮĻʹǶһ˫Ȧں֪½ӵԽʵ۱µ룬˻ʳǵĳǽ֤˽һıʽ




97.  ھʮ   ıʽ

ʵ, ŵһ۵ʵܶԡεˣöࡣ

ܹѡдԼĹҳʹģɶ˾е˾

ʷĳЩ˵, Щʹʹˡ

ҲŸտʼšһеʱһȺ˻Ϊ·ûЩ±ƺҪ̺ô˼, һʱ֮ûܷӦıŪһ佪ʷȺΪʲôڹ֮ǰǰһϷͼͺ

ЩʹŲŰһ֮λﻰ˼зҪǸԷЩϢǸһаʵţ˵ĽΪ֮

Ȼ, ǽͷ/棬ʾǡѽ/Īӡ_(:١)_

Щ, Ҳ˵ơ

ϵеʱ͸֮Ľһһġ

ЩδͽĳЩҶ, ĽʶŮͬ, ˼ҶСֵľûףڰʾȥ׷ף㲻ǲǶ˼Ȼױ˼ҷһȻڵģ

Ȼ, һֶͬеͬԼɻҪǺ͵͵˼쵼ڸӽڰ칫Դ䳰ȷͷʹͬ, 㲻Ϊ˾ܹȥ˵ǲǶ, һ, һ˼Ķأʱ㴩СЬô죿

οȷʵҲܺ⽪νġΡǺ˳ˮۼʶһ½Ǿж෱İղŻױһŰչʾǿ

ȻҪϽ˼ǻƽΣʹҲȫ˼ҵ˼·ߣȻԵһƢҲû, һȺ˰ڲĹ˰ˡ

֮ǰűһŴŴžͱڵĹŸˡԼһȺ˱ݿſžͽ˷˿ŵİĳǷ˿ЦԷǵ顣

Ͼʹʹڻǣ
ŲԼǱЩĶأ
_(:١)_

֮ܶƵλȷʵøʹڿ˽˼ҲȷʵͿǵǮǼʶ˽ķ˿Ļż񣬵һл¶ĻȥԼҵڶԴĹҹϵԣֱ

ֱպ󣬹գּʹϻʳǵĳǽһɽ·ӴĽıŷ˱仯

ıʽοִһЩӣֳԴ˵Ա÷ʽжӣȻҲں˲ٱԼ

ִıԽԽ񻯺ͽӾϵ񲿵ĹԱǸڻعٰıĿġ壬νСǡ

ϳĲΪģŵ֧ò

һεĶ飬ǰе룬ʿǱŵѡ߽һװ˵Ĵ߸ֳִ󵶺Ͷܣˡسֹͬ㳡ǻʳǽ£뻮һеĵͳšٺٺ𡱣ٸ˵ķܳˡѹǡƣվϷ֮һʹɫʱ

֪ÿһҶвͨı֣ˮڱҲɱСı֣ٻֵѵ¹򡪡ϾսĶ˺սľʦȻ󲿷ֵĲһսڻҡ

Ȼ֧鲻ˣúܴѵǵĲ´ȥѵһ֧飬֤֧͢飬ΪɱԺܴ

һҪôѵɱĹң֪һħѵһңȺܴ֮Ӯ

ʹ￪ʼֹ

Ŷʳǽ£սĵĽ½һģնɱнֹѪڣԶǵΧ۰ǿǿԺϷˣȼըֽ֮кãĴˡ

ŶС˳ǻźɫˣԼٶȻƳȦȻһֱŵԲƷóҿĲؿڡ

ǰӣ
Ȼǰӣ
Ҫ

Ⱥз˾ʳǳǽϣûʹҲžΪѾµһʲôˡ

ϣֻǽ֮ϣһͣȻ任˸ٵ̨µųһţһǽϣһλӹԱ֮˳űºʹǵķ΢΢Ȼֳֺ졪

ҿ

Ⱥ֮Уͷܶ

䣡

µͬʱֻХķһ֧֧ëԶǵŵİģһȻ󷢳ɽĻ

Ȼˣ
ôԶ
жԶˣٲ𣿡
ʲôٲⶼ˰ɣ

ʳϷĿһеʹҲĬĬž롪һĻʵ̫ˣ𾪵ľЩֵôԶľ׼ͷȻôãǾȵǽĹ

һֻһʮ£ĹѾзٲ

Ź˼ꣿ

ˣֲķչٶȣδսϣǧ֮ȡϽ׼ĲǽһСˣ

ȻһлûŻʳǳǽϣλԶĹһΡһεذѼ׼׼ǰİϣаģÿһ֮ǰе֧ˮ׼֮ǰμӹŵĻʵ۱±˶̲סкá

ֺһڹǵĻ³ɫս鿪ʼǳһֱվڳ͢ԱŻʵ۱һΪĽսպյĽŽԱ̨εǳչʾսзָսԼһ

˳ìǵֵĶܣֱǹŴϳɵ̹ˣ
ٱӺĳ㹳һצõúǼֱǰ

һս߹ʾ˷ʤսĹԱƽʵ˽ЩսӺսֱʲôսϣӮЩսսʤĵˡ

ɱʹǰЩͯºͿĻʵˣ
ﵫʵĳЩʹڵսľ

ȵһ֧顪볡ʱĺ¸ǵ˶壡

νǾÿθ̽·Ķ飬ǵжٶҪ죬ͬʱҪս٣̽鱨ʱؾӸ֪죬ԱԽսԤС

Ķ飬ԼҪġ

Ÿ֧õ볡ʽ

ΪǸû볡Ǵһʼڹ㳡ϡ

һƿŵĺͻʳǳǽһשɫĲ¶űͬשɫһϢ¥һɵزļȻųһʱ㳡һ𾪡

ǾȻһֱڳǽϣ
ԣһֱڼװԼһǽ
ҾȻûз֣ȫ̶ûж
ʲôʱģôôû

ȺڵҲʹɻ¿տĹ㳡Ȼôһĳ򣬾ǰƤ¡

һֱвμıĶһλص㳡ϣһӽӱ¡ЩʹǲŴЩ˹໥һۣЦͷ͵øˡ

һΣ
ķˡ




98.  ھʮ   

ıʽ, ԸоЩ֮ǰܿƵʹһǱߣ˳ëĹһ

Ǳùˣıʽԡʵ۱Ϊڰŵʳ޺мƻҲû֮ǰһкҲһԼӿΡ, ෴, Ǳ֡ԤõοͺõĹ۹ߡ

γϽյʱӦ³һúܽµӣȥﾰʱһԹóֵǮĶȥ̻Ǯ֮ǰ˫ʮһʱǰǮˣȻûмƻŵӣȥͨǵϰһֽ־, ˵ϾԺǲȥĵطȥ, Ҳû˵һ񲿱εĻ

, ǻŹȵı, һۡһ볯ش֮á֮֮顢Ǻ޲ڽƨ

Сүе֪һеűŪһһ㶵ġ

ţ

ıʽЧôõ
ȺûҪںС뷨
ⲻʲôıưɣ͸ӾݵߵĺûѺܾܿǷɴBOSSʲôġ
Ҳ̫, ȫ֮ǰıҪӶҽӣе顭

񲿵ĴǶϱһȴӦãһҲʲô⡣

ͽСǻۡλܹס־ררáҵԼµĹԱ, ΪԽѧǺøжȱ, ڷæ֮гսǳϻ̳Ͽֵɻ

˿ڶ, һ̴˸ˣһʱҲ£ȫɽ𣬷ΪʤĻ̫ࡣ

С, ˿Ҳ٣ǽһǾ͵ֵһң䲻ÿһ߶Ҫ֮񲿵ĹԱ˷飬ĵͼ򿪸ſ

Ҫ򣬾͵ȷһܴӮȷԼӮǾҪѸٹ̬ԽԽãȻһԷһŭǵĹҲʲô°Ҫ֪ĿԿɱոʧصĿСöడΪǵĹңٶҲҪô

˲붮

Ϊ˾ȹôƤİ
ʱֲҪΪԵô˺٣

ڸʹڻʽԼ͢ʾԼԼĹҶԴ޵ͬʱ񲿴ǵָЩʹЩҲ˳ƶΪɶ磬ѽѧҹҵһΪһҿҵ

ûиһҵӦþõ۷ˣ

Ŵ˲űǶֱݷݷѧӻƵĻ֮ҪҼλԵƾԲе˲Ų˵ܼ򵥣ֻҪҲҵõ

ȹӶЩֵͨ㷭˲ŸѧǵԱϿΣ֯һҹУרҹѧǵ־ԿΣѧԣһܹĻԻˣǻ˵ãǮ̫˱˵㣬лл㣩һҵѾڽǱֲ˼ʹǣʼЩҿѧĺԡ

˵ֱȥؿҲûʲôŻǾܵõЩҵĹٷ֧Ǿ͸ˣ˵ʱ֤࣬һڵʲôҲͶš

ʹǶŵ뷨ǾǾ˫˫޳ѽ

ʵҲΪ֮ǰΪ߿ܴڵĲʵΪڵĽĳ͢᲻ʲôֻ߲ԸԭǣڽǴôãҲѧǺͳ֮͢ϵжôˡ

ٷֽǽѧǳģ
ÿһϹѧǵĵ־רã
͢糯۵߶ǽѧǵһõֲ֮

ȻźĽѧǾǽ͢ĺࡣ

һͨһ˵죬ôͨ˵壨ҲͲԶˡ

˵˼Ҳֻ뵽ǵĹҿѣҲֻ׬ǹҰյǮֻǹҵİΣǻѽİǵĹȥѽҪ˵ε·ߡյʱȥĵطᾭǳ͢ˣȷȥЩеĵطͺøжȵΪΪʲôأ



ʹڷǳ飬ǲͬŵҪ󣬻ʾΪǹҵĻҳԱԤһοЩʫһŵٶΪһٶǧΪĺƽչ׿ԽĹף

ţ
Ҫͣ

ʹڽ˽µʱ䣬һֱĻʵ۱¿ʼǵĴڻӰ쵽ѡǵЦٰʾ񲿵ĹԱ߿ߣغ׼õĽѧ罨Сֶӽ

յЩʹԼµСβѾȫ֮һֱʹǱ¶ǹȰƽϲǲҪҪĽʵ۱ºĳ͢Ա˺αߣʼĹսǰϭĺ͸ڵսǰԱġ

ںƽش֮еİ޷ֱܵ߾Ŀġ

ֳʳûԼͱĹҰˣòŮûȳ޾ͱĹǿ˸۸ˣѪֻǳŴͶ⡭

һ㲻ôŬ޷Ҹĵط

ѾšŬͿԻҸּˣǿʼľû֪ΰĻʵ۱ˣ

ûк

ǰǵĹҸճС𢲻ȲҴڣһжͬˣʮ굯ָһӼ䣬Ǳǿ׳ҪЩܵ۸ȥ

ǹұ߾İչôңΪɶѧôϢ֪ͨأǲԱ͵

Щʷ̨Աд壬Ÿͬۿͨ죬ץűϵ̲סʡ

ŶʵҲûУʳȷʵǸ͵ߣұ߾İǶǻұ߾ʿģûܴǰҽİոߡ

Щǣ

½һǰսʱĲ״

ֵŶȻдٱ
Ǵ

ЩĹȷʵҽ߾ɱӵģҽʿͲûðˣЩΪȷʵİ

ɱδ첻Ϳͷѽ

Ŷʱ⣬ǱͨЩӰӵӡˢڶıֽϲӱ޴ȫء

ΪŹǰǲɧĳ۸вáǰǡΪԼúþͿ˹õĽǶʱըˡ

ҽȺС˾ȻҰ
ô۸𣿣
Ȼ۸ҽİգ

ǵӢ
ǵʿ
վ
վŪǣ

Ҽһ棬˽ԵĹΪ١
һʱ䣬صӵǻĺöɡ




99.  ھʮ   Ĺ

ڳ͢ͽѧ˫Ŭ, ǰҪһȲܹʿϢһµʱ͸ˣϲЩһֱֻܱúʷǴ̵ĿϽ, һȺ˼پԼƵڱӪȥ, һ·ϻһ·дŴǵֶ

///үүҪһ̵Ĵ󽫾֮λ

ҪӾͲ/ֶ/ң

̫ƽ̫ˣѵộҲƽҴԼˣ簲һ̣ΪšԺΪ󡱡аΪΪܶʱţɱһ˶Ҫԥϰ, ʵǲʹ졣

һδĹɾͲͬˣ

̣
ǱĿ궨Ҳܰ۸ӵİգĹ
ƣ
ǣ
һ֪һ̱ضܴˬ죡

ĹôһС, Ѿпܻⲿ, רעһ, ǿӮһģ˭ȥ򡪡˭ȥΪǸʷˣ

⻹
ȥӪ, ʱŵҲǺܹٵİսʤܵõյʻ

ͷ˽ѧǳĸ־ֽС˵Ŀɲֹͨϰհ˭ûӢΣ

ϭķ, ͢ΪĴӵùĹڽɵ̽ǵ۾, һжŽٶȡ

, Ϊѧǵ֧ʹټϾŵ͢ùĴɶļҵ꣨ѧǣֵĺ֧ŵһսҪеķãһжеø˳

ٶȵ, ٶȵǲ죬ٶȵݵ߾ٶȵİһ˵߾

ţ

ΪʲôҪ͵ս

СүҼӳ͢ŴʱǱġ

˵õĲ͵սأ
˵õͳ͢Ǻأ

˭һԼĺ͵ս

˵ŽסԼҵӣ˫˫Ŷס֣һҾԲȥҾԲȥҲȥļᶨģ

Сү⼸ڳֵ͢׫дʷ飬ڽİд֣ǰʱʹڵĽӴҲ˺Ĺҵʹڴ̸ͳŵѾһĻˣȻȲ̫Ӹ磬ҲһϸĻλ油̳ˡ

ЩٳɳСүžǸʱֹͣ

մԽʱΪѡȱǮ׬Ǯ˵Һڣѹеõһοٳɳʳǡֺذѽѧǵصӹȥ֮ϵĵһӾûˣʼרעڰԼִѧĻϲĻƷõʱ뵽ʲô͸ʲôԽԽ˵ģ

һԱ֮ԽԽСˡ

仹䶼СүҪܶ࣬˿ȴ·͸Сһ㣨ȻúÿҲԭ֮һ

С˵ԸƢСˡ

СүεؿԼССԼˣôһ˲˵Ҫͱȥˡջȥˣˡ

˭Ҫһʲǰ˵ʲôĹţһʲòҪҪģ

ţȷʵҵĹ_(:١)_

鷢ʹǻûʱ

Ҫòͬɲͬ˼ֱ֮ǰľȻвͬı֣ûôۻķҲûԲͬͬѵڵ״ַ෽ͶÿһֱӦеرѵʱ򣬱Ⱥǿֱǡ

ֵز¶㡱ı顣

Ȼǿʼ伫ڳйִַ

κų˿սͲμӹѧУľѵ֮⣬ɶҲᰡ˼ֲǾУҵģȥţ뵽ԼΨһеϵľձĹš

Ĺִʱһ塣

ļص㣬һǶšζҪԵģְбϣһǵŶ˱һȦǶʵɴм

һ˲ſʼִЩִСȻ̲ס룬ʼְ֧˱ĴǺżȻĻʵ۱¡

һ֧רŸο˵顢黳ı֣һֻи߼ľӲſӵеı֣

Ĵ۷Ź⣬ս޲ʤ󽫾Ļʵ۱Ҳ۷Ź⣡

ÿŮĿжиرҪĸ߼ױƷĹžŵİ±ÿһĿжرҪһ֡

ڱͻʵ۱µǿľӾǽľˡ

ΪȫľӣôûĹţ
ԣ
ҪУ

Ϊ˻ʵ۱صشԼС̫ӵС˽Լ˽ѾϽˣ͵һʽ𣬱춼˯ڻſڣ׼ġſڡӲһʿ֯Ĺŵʽ

ȻǾͷ֡Ǹ֪ҪôŪĹţ

Ҫѡ
ôѡˣ
ĹŵҪᳪ軹ǻ裿
Ӧöǹ

ۿĳھҪˣһȺͷĹųλýǸǰˡš

ӦĻǳ͢һλԱˣսڶʹ

ڶʹ
Ų̫֪Ǹɶ٣ֻƷģСүһһѵĽǾи߲һְսὨȨܴٸʿ

൱˲ƽ˹Աһһӻ㵽Ƽأ

ԥС

СүŵȥˣսӮ˾ͿԺ;һ͡Ҳ֪֮ǰΪͽѧǵ⣬Ӧÿ쵽ֻûֻ֣ܶҪ˾ְ͢Ϳذ֮ǰõõĸ㡣

žû˼ѾĽ׶ˣҪǮǮҪֻֻҪɣɶ

˵ùܹҷƵġţԼԼ˱衣

ţûУӵпܣʲȷд㽫šСүͷ

ۡ

ŵɴ۾

Ȼİŵ
һǴ

ɾֻλ
ȻȢһλԼ
ļٵģ

һǴ

ʹȷʵûͦţһֱҲǵһ𾴵ġôõĹпܵԼ




100.  һ   

ſ, ĴǻҹŮѪִ׵ϯҵСŮ, һ, ߾Ѿ֮ˣټﱾͨʶ֡ͨȫ˵ĳ谮ӣ׵ý˼ֱ̤ż

Լأ

ȻŽ԰һͬʵһֱʿأԼ֪Լ˵׻Ǹˣھ󲿷ֹŴһײ㡣

ʮûûûӵꡪʣС

ĸ˫ԵһŽ, ִǡзгĸ˫ĺö󣬷ŹŴǾӲ, п޵Σա

Ҫ˵ִǹŴ, ûʲô, Լʲôʫ״ԪɻսɳĴ󽫾

ԹӢˣԹŲˣȲӢ۸ǲӣִ΢÷˿ɱǱϰ, εºӭȢϯҵŮ

ʱ˿ѾȫǵԼ֮ǰĲս۵ˣӶǡŮҪѹ޸ҡǵľ籾𡱺͡ҲҲҲ䡱뷨

СүǾʷ׳ʵıˣȻֱܿԼֵ߶߶߶ݸŪЩ

žԼ, Сү, ˵СүΪĻҳԱôΪ, ۴β滹Ǹ˸أǶϡ

û˱Ǹ˽˵Ҳû˱Ǹ׽ѧǶڽҪԡ

㴴˽ѧ, ס˽ΪѧǵÿһνѧǵĴľǾֲ߻ģ񣬽ѧѾΪ˽֮еһ֣һֵĴԡ

Сүһһ볯ַ͢ýѧɢһЩ䳯úڰ飬ԻҡԳ͢ɶӰ졭һ¼֪ʿڽѧǵ£͢һϱ֮ʱ䡭

սɳʱ䣬ô

һµֵó͢šμǡ¼ֻҪ뵽˾ǵд£ȻԼдģʵ굽Ҽҡ۵ˣ޲˵Ļ᲻һ֮УҲûʷĻʵ۴Դ¡

ۻʵ۴󲮻̫ӸûЩʷԵȥš

Ϊ޿ȡ
ҲҲڶӸӳɫ˲ˡ
ΪһССĿȥɱһǰ޹˺ߵ˲ţֵá

ҲΪǶô
һȰƽսˣһ˼ְֻյˣôа

ɽͷٽһƽѧǵĲӰ

Ȳ˵˲ŴɹжߣɱԹ㣬ɴĹɶͼԱԼأ

ף
ŶŶ

ʼҳԱһĥԽԽԲ

Լ֪Լ¡

ȻǹΪǱϾǰũԻԹزѧÿ϶ûĺŹŮôãҪԼŮЩţȲ˵ԼĲۣЩŴ˵ƲԼҺأ

˵Щ״ԪӣһڳΪ٣İѹ޹ȥŮĻʵ۱ԼĻ᲻ƽԭԼҵٵŮöĺš

ڽ֮ƹʣɵɩĿడ˭˭֪

һԱȣžͺܺá

͢йϵƽʱֽ֧֧ѧǵ⼴ɡ
ɵĻ̫̫ƽƽƵĿԼŮ棬˿ˡ
СԼҲߣЩڴƤӵ³󣬴֪Ǹƽȴˡǵ

Ҫ˵űڶǸ

ĸ˫źţҲӦ߰ݣ
Լ¹ߣõŮܿ
ĿǰΪֹûκβȺãҲûС檣ЩҲй¶ˮԵԺã
ҪǣŮԱҲʮְݹġ

ҪΪûиĸҲû˾Ŀ԰æ˵͵ݣΨһ׽ļͽܣʵڲ֪ýȥ˭ǣߣǾԲᡰʣڵġ

ԽԽʣΨһľûйʵʱܹ˳͢һأҲ顪

һΣĻʵ۴˵ʲôҲҪŸϣøͻ顣

ȻһѾСñСõСүǲ˵ģŻûʧԼ䣬δԼҽ޹ȥͻԼҽԽã

뵽˴Сүʱлͷһ仰ȥȥȥҸҽھҸ

汾ڡҲ䡱ѡ

ȥ
ҵȻȥ

ȥ֮ǰ
ٶ




һμƬ֮Щͨʮֽš

ǰ˼ҵԼӿãһ˼ҵչͲܿƣһҪݿ˵ĸо

ǸЩĬĹ

ΪʱֵڰٷϴˣĸֳϾ˼ȱС˱ܸһúСĸоȻ֮ۻʵۻʺ̫ӶСϵⲢ뷽跨ҪĿǰΪֹҲֻǻ⡪

ǴһŮӱһеŮӡ

ȻҲŵĹ͡

ǰֻԸͦҪúô棬еۣСʱ飬ԭջʵ۱ºͻʺԸӦñ޷һճһΣʮСŮ

ŰѴԼ˷ϲ˹¥ϵż桪ǰ̹̹Ȼȥ¼ʱˣʱ˽¼滹ǲҪ̫Ŀŵúá

Ҳ֪Ĵ㣬֮ŤŤһ仰˵֮ǰȻ󵫸ǻŶ˵䡣

ҲŤ˼£Ͼƽͷһ˾ԼŮӼ棬еô˵һμ棬ʵűʶŮ˼

Ŵִỹвġ
ڻϡ
һ㣬ĺøǶСүʱܸо

ĸ֮ý֮Լ
ĸԼҶŮѡΪʵ˳ɻ飬Ǳﰮķʽм費ҪʶŮ

棬ܹԸѡõĶԼҺ˵Ըڻǰһ棬ǾѾʮͨĸĸˡ

λȨϻʺҲˡ

ǿܹŮһʶ˵һ룬׵ĹڽִܹĸҲãҲãЩΪĺʺͿԶҪģҪ˼СԼ

ԸԸ̸һԽΪĿĵ
׿̸Լҵôأ
ϣһӦʲôӵģ
ֻҪһĲԸҿȥұ˵һΪѣһӦеĴ

ϰ֣֮ǰǱ쵽Уг̧ͷҲŮӣãŵ

¡𣿡




101.  һһ   Ů־

һʼͲƫ, ĺ޲øԼ£ϻװƵᣬӲͷƤƫĻȥ, ҴǸɵ𡱣壩, òƲûзſĲ۵㡪

Ǵ˼ҳԷӣȻ˼ҳûͱ˼һʶԷΪʲôѪʲô

˾͡û굽Щ궼Թʲô굽ʳ굽ˡѽ˶ǵ˿ˡһֱСЦŲ˵뿪ĵΪǹţſһԼеĿġ

, һҲ֪˱¶֮һЩ뷨֪ôģ

˵⻰, ĵС˾ͰûڵرͷΪʲôҪáǰ˼Сﲻô˵İ̫ˣ

ġɵ, һûŵ֮, ĵͷ˶ŵֱ׸ŪúߣβſڵңҲعӵ˼

عӣϸ¼㻹ҡش硱, ôһ¹ȥ˹ϵ͵˵ӡˣ

Ȼϲң

ءQСˡĵ׿
ءϿȥŴžɰͰ͵ذԼԭȵļƻ˵ǫ̃ʣҾʣҪܱµİţһ𡭡, , ʲô, ǣ㲻ҪްԲ, ɧ𣬰һҾͲˡ

ղŻͨĴŵڶ仰ʳڵһ˲ɫף촽Ҳף˫ۿʼᣬ˱ʹʣ

㡭ڣ𣿡


ôܣ
ڵ

žôĿ̫ܲãȫ˵ʱ򣡵֮ǰǰȶס

ң˴ǮƵ·ĿԴҲ˼ʲôδŮ֮ܲĴͳϰˣæҵȸСɾҺŮױߣȻ󼱼ææԼ¥ӺѲ˶ߺ̧ԼѧǴϰݴߴŽ˵˸Ц͵Ĺǰ̨ԼŹСһ²ۣǰСˡ

ǣΪһ֣֮ԭΪµİŶĵ˲ʧˣ»ָˡش硱롰Сá֮Ϥദģʽ֮УٴߵҲŪ˼ҹСô޵ԭ򡪡

ʱ֮ĺ蹵

ɱִſԼִгϸûɶ⣬ڴСڹŴСʱΪĺĪԱĴֱίԼһһ

ʱŮӱίľܾ˻￴еˣһǳ飬ǰǶǿԳɱˣ

ôһ룬ֻǳίؿѾǺܺõķӦˡ

Ĺؼűʱ״Ը飬֪ھʣܵõĴҲһǡһӸĸİšʺĸҰŵһҵġرͳ˼άĴ𰸡

ⲻҪġ

ִ򽻵ĹЩ˿ˣȻܻ˵ԲзԲзۡģУŶ壬󲿷ӴŮӶ־ᶨжǿҰҺޡ׷󾭼öΨһŮӵĲǸҴ˵Լİ԰׷

ҲΪȺŮӴ򽻵࣬ĿһŮ

˲Ż˵뷨

žãҪӴԼҪʵĻشҪôӵԼ־ҪôԼĵĸܶȥں˵۹⣬һ˸񡪡

Ҳǻʵۺ̫ϣΪӡ

ȻˣΪֻкܳһʱ䣬һ԰ɡ

ų־
ͻȻ±ơ
úõ׻ô˲ɣ




ʵҲǺġ
ȻִҲôϷ

ڸšγ̡Ѽƻҹд컹˷ܵòҪҪʱһ˲Ȼ

ĽʵӡĹŴ˺ܶˣΪϵĸԣͽ͢ǽıµĲƫе֮⣬һҪؾű˺Ľѧǡ

ŮȨ˶־Ůл־ͱֽϷԼۣŮԵĴڣͬʱΪŵһͬʣѧǳ˵һṫƸŮԱŮ༭ŮߣĵλҲıһͥŮԳԱĿ

֮ǰֹ֧࿴һЩƽȨ˼ºΪж˼ŮԵĻ£ʱӦ̫Ӻͻʵ۱±˵Ը

ڣǰһרһŮӿ־ѾȡˣС񻡷νŮǾʲôŮӲǡ񻡱ʱʵиʱͬ

еʱΪŮ޲űǵ¡
еʱΪŮΪ
еʱΪСŮŽкÿ
еۿȡҲа

񻡷Ϊ˸ˣʲôǺãʲôǻҽŮˣŮԲҽ

ڵڶμʱԼļƻ飬֪ĴԼ뷨

أشд뷨ãֻǣֻǲ֪ΪҪ˵Щ

ű£֪һרΪŮ֮˿ٵͷһ⣬мضӡ

ѱһʼ˵Ǹ˵öⱾ־ˣһɫ⣬ǺãⱾǶԽŮкô飬˭˭Ҫӣ

ɺࣺˡ

䲻֮ĳҪʱϾ˼£񻡷ض⵽ͬкķ顣

֪ڶԲʲôŵֻè۵ɵԲĹĵġ

ˣĳò˿иڹ빫֮𡣡

ңҲеģŵëըˡ

ǧ֮񻡷ضСҲضܱ֤񻡷ĳģΪŮӷΪĳЩȨеצ

µͷʶ˶ֱˣ˼ȥԼҲ벻ԼݸʺͬʱҲԸѧ񻡷ˣǱѵĴӦˣڶ죬ͱ˵˴²ҿŴĻʺר˻ͳʼԼ칫ϰ๤ˡ

Ϊ񻡷ĳҪŮԷΪŵİ׾Ͷǹˣӱ༭Ů༭ӳǨŮߣְŮߵĺְԴ裬λϴ˼Ļͼʶķ/ȡ

ͬ㣬ͬ˼ͲͬԸһȺŮԹǾ͡񻡷Ȿ־ҪٸĿֱӦʲôݾͳһڣҪŵʶ˿˺ƴսȼ֮ôһֺŮεĵڶܿø˦Ӵܣ

ƾʲô֬ˮĿҳŮ˾Ͳܿʱţܵʱǰɣ
㶮ʲôΪѣûǮô־ʱ³͢Ǯ𣡡
⡮Ů¡ǸʲôƨĿ
Ů¡ΪξƨˣСѾͷͷŸɾ㣡
ҳµ׿˵ġŮ¡дľǸƨ˵˵Ͳɾ𣿣
㡭
ҡ

ۿÿԼĴԽԽݡüͷԽԽͬʱҲ۾ԽԽԽԽмơ

ױŮ־ͷʱճġ񻡷־ɵþͷʮ㣬ԷӰӵ㣬ʾ֭ȻŸŴһǰ߾·ϣյԴţһġ񻡷־һڵ

źģŷ־

ò˵õ˳һʼ

ִͬʱֺŮ˼ŵıΪʱŮԼ˼Ҳɽ׶Σᡶ񻡷־ôһҲңӽƪǴĸִдµļʺĻˮƽͻʵ۱²ֻ࣬Ǽ򵥽һҶ֧Ůҵ°־ɣף־ܳþþͽˡ

ѧס־˼ƪʫʺĸдƪԽ͢ߵĿΨһĲЩ¶Ůд

Ů¡Ľרûһ߲ɷŮΪ硱ר

רǼڲɷһЩѵĸŮԡҡΪһһʽдԼ硰ɷˣļ޵ﲻáߡȥˣΪܵһδޣܵܳȢϱ˾ͰҸϳš֮顣

⵽Щɷ߶ûб¶Լ뷨ֻ˱иŮ顱һʵ

̲סͬ飬˵˼

ϸƷ£רȺ˲

˼Ƭ̣дһƪ֮ģĳЩ鷢ԼĿȻֱʾ˶Խ־ڴŷ⣬ֻҹŵСǰߡ

ųǲŵСƷ

Ӫ֮⣬

ţεĹųԼϵӦһҴ˳ȥ




102.  һ   Ĺųá

ĹŵĴʵѡ

ڵ밲սʱ, ž͸һĳΣһŪɫʵСƷ͸ݣһΪȶġ

Ψ, һǰǡĹšΪȶ, ͢ġĹšΪȶģһǰǡĹšձ˽Ժ͢ġĹšֻǳ͢Ĺš

Ĺŵѡ֮ŵ˾Ӫſʼѡġ

οļǾ͸ѡĿƵģȾӪӻԾ߲, ȻͿʼһֺѡ

ѱʿǿ׳ġ㹦ġ쵼ӵǰ;һȥһǵʱ̵, Ūȥ̵Ͻǻø

һ, һɸѡ֮, ʣµľһЩ츳һ㡢Сġѡ֡ˡ

ڶɸѡ

ȻеǶǳúÿģſ, ܹǵģñص㣬Ҫô˿, ҪôڵվǰֻҪѹ㶼˼Ůװ游Ӿ, Ҫô˧˵㻳Լȡ, ֮Ҫﵽ̨µĹ¡ֻȺж࿴һۡҲܴ򵽡ҲաЧ

ΪǹҶѡˣڽǰֵɸѡֻ֮ǿסҪͶƱѡż, ԤŻض֮ٸȫż족֮ĽĿִʼʣµһĹŵĳԱǰżѵ

ĹŲͬһչߣ˼оΡݵҲǺ;йصģûΪ֧˸ָӾһ˼ݴϤϽǣĹźͨʿһѵ

ִ˵ĸ£ʿѵһѧѵķζ

վˡ벽ߣǴѧѵ룬Źӻ߳ǹŽͷѧͬһ׹ǹȻ󱻰ŲͬվڲͬλϽǸóĿ졣

Ŵ󲿶ѵһΪʿǶĹͬУͬʿеһԱǵһսûսѣΪ˸ЩδմǸĴУϾԴñ֤顱֮ǰѵһ֧ԼȻ͵ʱ顣

˾ܸϵͳϿβĹŴʱֻʣҹʿϢʱ䣬ʱͻҪŶӴһơ°Ĺ¡ľ籾°һȺȫȥ˻ͷӪ﹤

òѡĹŵʿе±ơ

ԭĹŻɵһţҪ紵ɹֻҪÿżһձݳͿˣźͨʿһľãʤ˻žǸִ׬ְλһһкĶһ

ҪͨʿһѵսʱҲҪָϾ͵ϣҹŵʿ˯ˣǻϿΣʱʱȥӣһµʱ䣬Щѡʿǿǵʹԭļʱͬ顭

ҲͬԼŶӡ

ĹŵʿԼ±֮⣬ͦŽӲĹżĽҲĹв

Ƽ˵ǸĹŵģⶼȥˣⶼҪ߾Ҫսˣ㻹ڸĹϿΣҪϵɶʱ̶ҪˣСӿɱϷ򣡡

ţ

еΡ

ĹűϾǴʿѡģʶƫӲ磬ݸϷǰĳЩСݵľһ۾µǻûִС۾

Ǵľ籾ΪûоսдϱӿĳֿսķʲôһߴһӪŮ̸ʲô׷ɱӵһŮǵ˽ѵо

˵Ϊ˽ʿǿ˿ܻˣһսĿ˾籾޲óǸԲŮǺǸȷϴϴӡ

ְƷôóôݣһﲻԤЧ˵˷ãʿ·תֱͶô죿ͶһŻضˡ

Ĺû취óֻ֣Լ취ֲҰԼĶ㵽£µʱĹŵϳȵʣϾǳ໹ˮƽС̫ˣȥǰԼִóá

ִ˼ʷΣСʱֻÿﻹҪУŲᵽְֽ

һʷɼʮĲҲûãĳЩȴǿã硪

֪Ҫȥ𣿡

ҹص˴ıȱܸһصϣһӪʿǱűΧߣ̸컥

ȥ߾
ȥߡ

֪ȥȥʲô𣿡

ȥ̰
ȥĹ

ԣȥĹǿ֪ҽΪҪĹ
񣬺Ϊ۸ǵˡ

ԣΪһֱڱ߾۸ǽİգǾǰֶһǻСʱǾǵŮˣǵĶӹǵĽŵµˣǵͷǹãˣеǹǴǼҸˣǾͱ˻С͵ÿγЩܴĲڼңܹ͵ϵķǺòʵļ۸ڼС

ɶ񣡡
ϼҾֶԣǻµ̫ү˸ͷˣ
˾Ȼţ
һȺߡ

ԣǽǿˣЩ˻ˣҪô

Ǹѵ
֪ӵļҲôģ
ȥ
ȥ
ǵŮˣ
ɱǵĺӣ

һաơ

ѵһҪģҪ֪ǽ˲Ǻ۸ģһҪ֪ۣȻǲǣǲһǲֹ۸߾ǵֵܣᵨӴǵϼҡԼҶҪ꣡

ӪеʿԽأһ뵽֮ǰ˵ĴӵĲ״۾ͨ죬һɱ

ǣ
ǣ
ǣ
Ҫ˵顣

Ҫ˭ǵĵˣȥģȥ˭ģ

ĹľǼҵĶĹĹµЩˣǱҪһѵˣЩĹСϰգǾ͸ԼҵİһһЩӺ͹۸ÿ˵ʮֻҪϽֻ룬ҲԲǵĺӱҪЩ˽ŵ²ܻţǵ˻ûϾͲ֪

ʿ뵽δʱ򣬴ҼĲ״ݡ

Щˣ˵Ǹǵ𣿡
ã

Ǹɱǵĺ𣿡
вУ
ôľͲˡ

ǽǴǽľؼ׵ľӣǵʿõʿ۸СǲǾͺǱȣ˭ȭͷӲ

ѪжѪգü֡

ѵҪ۾͸ǵӰ̡ǵϳץǵĹǵıҶһȫνʾ˵ȥǵı¿

ã

ЩȺ¹ÿͰ͵ǽӣǵİգǳΪǵľ

ã

͸Ӫʵķ϶Ӫ¶ЦݵϽ˿

ҵԼΪĹųھˡ




103.  һ   սʼ

Ϊ˴Ĺһֲ, ľȫԱ֮㿪ʼٸı߾ÿ첻ͼϸ·һֱ̫ȫͣ, ƣĹŵʿǶʱǵųͶء

Ҫǵųȼ֮, ʿһѵ˸ǿȵоһܲˣϴ󲿶ӵʿҪô;ҪôǵӱѺ;ĳǵĴΣսпܱųؽ֮мܰͷģ

һܳܵ, Կ˵ųǵ

Ϊ˱ŵĶ飬ĹŵʿǾñ֮ǰеľȥ˼ĥڴ֮ǰǵų˽̸ǵı/缼, ھԤսʮ·̵ʱһſǿܿСƷסǿĸ, ڵͿʼڸӪġѲݳ

ĹŶСƷſִСƷķζ, ǡһסСƷ

ڳɹ겹ڷ·ϵĻͷסǲǻؾӪĵˮϴүʿǴһʼǿ·ٵֹ֪ǻؾӪٵ˿뷢ϴүȥ޻󵽼ԱȰϴү̤ϻؾӪս·Ц㣬߼ִϲ, ѱִֹ·žһ֮⣬ݵĽٽǶСƷõĲٺá

ȵһšա˵ĸ֮󣬱ǵԺеĽ̾ŵ, Ҫ⼸ĿóȥʿǱݡ

ȻųĹ½Ҳܺ, ôҲ

׸һҲûк۵ɶһҾԭǲɿڵ, 뵽ֻҪӦˣϾͿԲϸʿοΣ̲סЩĶ

Ҫ֪ĹŵʿȥμѵˣԼ͵ûȥ, ЩҪУϻҪӪʸʿǡϿΡҪĹŵųǸҪӵˣͱס˺

һĶ۾͵ͷӦȺǵҪǾ֮ĹŵӪʡѲݡ顣

ĹŵѲݺܿܵ˹ʿǵĺ

ڵִ˵ֻҲܵݵû̫࣬ӪҪ룬ϱҪضֻܶͨǶоҪ˵ԾӿƸϸֻͲĹŴˡ

ŵĽѧǽȫѲݴ󲿷ڳʿǶǿģСƷ͸ҲӴĹŵıݣΪ߾Ǻһճѵеͬ飬ݵĹ¾ǵճĸǳԼЩʿÿο֮ĶǣһֱԺȻ˱Թоٶȵõһߡ

Ĺʼ͢ʱãҲڴӡʱίλ¿ʼĹŴ桰°Ĺ¡

Ϊ״ѲЧ׿ĹŵʿǶԼҲͬУǣʮʱǴ¸裬һ֧ȭ赸ΪһĶؾ裬һǡһסСƷ˵ִԤսĵһ죬פĴյϴһª̨

̨ݳǵһ˾һ𿴱ݣʿڵϿţߺţţȵݳΪĹŵų̨ԭӦ̨Ĵ󽫾սǰһζԱ

ǣʿǣǸôõ·˷ϵôູ˰ֳôʳо仰˵úáˣ

ȻˣǾͲܰ˵ǲǣ

ȫԱ˻𣺡ǣ

ǵļңǵļſڣǵǵĸףǵļˣҶľͲ˵ˣ˵һҪô򣿡

ϼң
֪ʹ
ǵĻʵ϶
Ҳ۸ǣ


̧̧֣ȫʱ

һܣ۳ͷĴ󽫾ȭա

սʤ

ʶһȭ죺սʤ

սʤ

սʤ

ڶ磬̳죬󽫾ǰϸ̨˳͢ϭġ

֮սʼˡ




ͻȻ֮սĹôҲ벻ġ

ڵĵشĹ֮ΪԭشĽվĹ˿еԭˣʷϣԭ˴ûһսʮֺƭȰƽÿÿĹ˱ʾҪ̸ǶԸ⣬ҪԸóף֮ʮ֮۸ԣĹС͢ڽı߾ķʮޡ

ӵеģǲؾǱŵڼ㽪ũջʱҪȥͶɹǿ

ʱǿڽı߾ԭϺŴĳ߾ľƣūϵĿȣŮūʼﻮҪȥǵġС⡱ѽȡ

ǿ𽪹Ķ۵𾢶ʱ򣬲ԶͻȻð̡Ԥ׵ģԽ

Ϊһ׼ãĹֲЩԽѺЩһ쵽Ǯһ̶Ӵ̽Զ֧ϲ֪մ˶ٽѪľӣûһ˿ͻϮװձʵΧЩϢ˯ȥŻһҹʱֱ֧ý߾պ޵ǿ

֧Ķ飬ɽĽ֮սŸոտʼ

սǰԱ¡١ּ⣬սĴ󽫾㽫Ϥ·ı߾˴ӣӱ߾Ĳ俪ʼΧǽеǷֿ˳ԸͶҪǾͷ㵽ףѲԴͲݣ

ľͷһ¶ǵ߾ССĲȻһͻϮɱˣæʹҪ̸Ҫһ

Ĵ󽫾ǰһʹ˾Ӫʹ˵ĻȻޱ͵£ԼΧĹĴС䣬սǰƻС

ţ

ǸĹų𣿣
ΪʲôʹҪ͵
ܸ
ʹձ𣿣

ţ񻹻ĿԿ==

󽫾ˣһиƵû˰취ֻܽӲһԼʿǴһᣬż֪ʲôʹ͡

ʹ֪޾ֽкˣǰҲˣʿѾżĲͷؾӪвȫͶЩʹȻҲͲʹˡ

ͻȻ䲻ʹʹˢˢ˸ղŻдǿϷţųö񶾵ģ

ȫû뵽ᷢչһ±ơ

ûУ
Ҳǣ
Ĳ֪
ԩģ
ֻǲ֪ܴǸɶŴݵģ
ҽͣ

ûŵĽͣоæ÷Ľżԩų¡ɵúáðٿĪԱˡ

ķչ̫죬ûиԱյʱ䣬󽫾󲿷־Ӽǰ̫ûôʹˣ̫û˳ֵˣȺ˾͸˼ѪƵģּıСʧȡʤ

Ϊ̵Ĺų¾ǸشӪġ޹̡ܰΪ޹ܰûɶ¶Լǹܹս̽̽˱͢дݱѶϢȴΪĹ쿳˵ĿˣҲˣڸλȫûˣֻʣЩ쵼ѹȵĲպūȺһã

һ֧û¿Ķȶġ

ڳ͢ûõϢɳɿֵܽĹԱ֮ǰΪĿǰռشְˣòվ˳縺شΡ

ԼųȨƹôһƬطô˿ڣ

ĹŵʿһԾԾԣԼ֤һĵǵų˵дʳڣһƶҳҲųھ籾׵ǰ

С˵·飬ӦȲѽĹյĻȻ˵߾Ͱҵİεķģó͢ı£಻ڻ£

ĽʿټȻǰ˵˼仰˼ˡ

ʮˣճһ֧飬ҵۻص߾վȥվĴǣҪд͢ۿӱ͵µǰ

ݱȻҪһ㡣
˵ͷǡ

֮Ǿ͵ٸȥ

˼ͷ

ʲôҰٸ˸ŪۿԲҪ֪ĻһҪ٣ͳͳ°

˵㡭ԣͷ㲻ȥˣ͵̧ͷ۴Ϳǰųˡ

°

ңųΪ⣿

ŷ˸ۡ

ôһˣҿɹܲˣרҵרҵ£Ȼǰרҵʿһض

һȺ˿û⣬һȺԲͨ۲ϵˣ

¶ɲˣ




104.  һ   ս

ͷĻʵ۱±ǸԸ񲻿׵, ½ĹԱһʰ̯鶼ʮ֣ܹ֮͢ǧѡѡаڱ߾ĹԱ̳

ȥŵıŵҪ, ߾õ̫ү㱨ս˵Ͱ˴°˹, ʦүòͨͨһȺѹ֮Ѿ˾ӪսܱսӪԶʧȥͷ޴Ĺպū̫үԱ̾˿ǰʺõһã

Ҫ´˴ֻ˵ѽôñٰسǵ¶ź, ôְѱ°, ٿô죡

, ϴϵʮ֮, λһ֮ҲˣŻ˻ȻߣӿʼŸ̯ˡ

д˷͢ϹٵԼǰϣǶ׼ԼĹ£ʵڸçײع֮ƨɣȻſЩ˰ʦүͻȥس˳ͼ, ԼץһĹɸɵĳתȦһܿͶȶĵķ롪

С

, ӲȺɵ˵Ĺǽ߾Сس

ָ˰ѳĶ, ȺǮս, ó򶼲Źȫ̫үȦѡȽ󽲵ҪϽҵ, òŷָ˳еˡ

ǵģˡ

ūƣòֶֻݣÿ˶ֵ㣬ÿٷֵ㣬úÿūõһĶԼе£óľ˵ڲλȽϸߵ˸£̫үûʲôǽԼݣľӸʱʱ̶̿ǡ

һȺˡ
ǰõģһЩõĶֶջȥô죿

Ȼڵ֪ҪУ̫үֱ˻ϽչĲƷ֮ͻȻ˴ʲƲĹӻˣǿʼۣǿʼִ߽ΪܸõĻţǿʼﻮԼҪЩҪЩҪҪţֻȥǮʱ˭ǵսӪŵǲͷ˺ӸλĹأ

ҪǳˣָԭݣĲƲȺƽūϣرǻôҿ򑡳

ʣڼʶôԼԼĲƸ֮ĻĸԸЩԭ

ͻȻ֮ϣ˶߲ҪǶŶ
˵ǻᵽȥ
ЩҲòѽ

ȵһп߾İպĹͷһûм׬۵湵̸ͨ˫Էı˼۸ˣȻٽڵСһûȡ

ĹİմŽĲƷضʱͬҲһԼδ滮

ң´Ҷ˵ĲҶͷ磬Ѿòþˡ
ŮҪˣҪ㲼ѡúúëԻƥ
Щ˵Ժֻÿ¶һΡ

̶̼칤ûһ˵ԭ궯ĹͶİպūǾƽӦǵݣΪԼҵµĿ꣬һϵвĿɿڴ

Ͷİĵľ⵽ܽҵͲƽİţ߾سǵλ̫үɴ಻ùٷȺԷȥ˼ͳıѿҲѽȺ˸ߣ˳ë

ױҺѿƵĹգתͷҪ񱻹ѺսӪеĹ͹ǣ̫үȺ˵Ĵ̬Ⱦǡ

ǲŻ۾ѾʦϽÿվӿ˵йսǿ֮ᡣ

ԭһͱһ͡

ԭĸɷࡣ

ԭŵȫ滻òҶӡ

ţ㲻Űս

߾̫үʱ¶ˡɱֲ̫䡱ı鲻м˾ûûʹ򲻹ǵıͿԽʡһıȥǣѵǼô

ٹھӪɸɿͷⰡܿȺ˭ҪעģĹϲĻ־ĵˡ

ʿˮоԼ̷ִλ̫үǰ߲һغϡ

̫ү˵Լ⣬˲ɫñĺͳӣ߾İ޹ģȺսӪ˿ɲǣһǱʴȣٺóԺúȵдǣȹسǣҪЩʧ˵سǰգ

ԼʱڶΪ鵽йؽ߾ֱ磬ûٿڡ

ҵרҵʿžûٹܹսĹսܵյ飬Ͼ˵ԼϵǸְǸְھӪյĽ嵽ǰ̵£ΪΨһغҼߵĳ٣Ҫ󷽡

ԴԴ͵սݣ
½½غ󷽵˱
˱һѺս
Լһֱеֻǰʤʹ̨Ĺš

ⳡս˽һ꣬һӵŷսţ͢İѡõȥĵأĹ˾ǵˣĹԱǴѡõòʦүһӱ͵ŵ

桤͵ŵ

Ϣݹĵصı߾̫үеŤܸо·е찡Ǻǡ

Ȼ˲ŵķʽף͹˲ŻǺܿ׵ģһȺδĵصĹԱһһѹȻѾӦԼһʵ۱ºͳ͢ɧû˵ʲôԼŶΧΪ½죨ǵģĹųҲСĽˣṩĵصͼʼֹĵĴơ

ϾŴӱ߾̫үֻݴάȹƬصĻҪǡ

߱߾ع֮󣬻عͷһȺˡᡱᣬдܣһȺݵ䣬ĵӦҪʲô򻮷ֿʼĵصİոԺΪԴˣװһ˳ȥ

ʱȥд飡

֮սÿȻ졣

˧Ĵ󽫾Ƥ̴ϽǱڴܴһˬһ̣Ĺطƽ̹ɽͳǽǳʺоĹľΪ֫Ǵ̲ԣıʿøıĹһϹһһ׼

͸һÿβúõ壬ֶʮ˽ȥÿڴԷķӦ˼Ҿôǡõ

һսÿһüıɹʤսýľʿһαһθǣźһαһ죬ˬҪҪġ

˵ǽһսԡճǼ++Χκԡװƣģ˽ãصذĹıõӱ͵ǰȥ䵱սؼߡ

ʱͻıȸãдɸ˵ӣӰӻһµԺųɻ磬ٸһΪףսʤĴֻĹųͽѧǴϰ֮޷л˵

ȵľӹĹʳǣɹ°Ĺһ·ѺͷӪصʱѾĹŴѾ˺üջˡ

սʤ֮Уĵصȴû͢һʼô򵥡

ĵصİûнôΪĶͨϰպūʹһʼض֣ҪƷסıĵЩϰյĳЩ뷨ǲҪֵֹĵȼҹȴѡ

ΪẒ̌ĳԱ߷߲ƽ

˵֮Ͷ̥˸ͨյūϱⱲֻܵͨջūʵʵΪɻ±ӲͶ̥ƨĳͷĹԱ̲סֿڡ

ƨ鿼ƨһڼˣ

һãҽܽ

һȺһֹۣȻ̲ܿס̾

ȻǲţܲסŰ

ԼǮ֣˵ֻҪȥˮܳʵȺ֣˵ʲôʥ˵ģǵĵֻܳݣǴʹǷţȻ׸񡣡

õˣĳòϽҵӣҪȦΣ̨ӴҹǾ͸ĳһˣ˵˵ʥָδҪĵط





˵вʥͱսӪ

ҺЩʥһֱ˵ֻ䵽ϣԺ˲ͻٳϵʥսӪˣµʥ̾ð˳˵ʥ굽ǵϡ

ҲԼԼˡ

ɹĵذյǸ⡣

ҪǣЩսԺҪǨǵģһǵнİ˱á

һȺԱһɫÿˡ
ĵǾڶǿģˣƴŻĵذҵĿܣǲòҪȺս

λе¡

ǣôľͿʼҪôɱսӪȺˣ

ʶڽжµĹԱأһ࣬ſտڽ̵Σ

ͷǣô㣬ǲҽѧǵıô

λЩǵİȻҲˣοΪҪһʲôҲ޷֤ʱ䣬ȥԺſƱΪԼİʹ𣿡

׷һ޵񣿡

̲סִۣǰÿ粻׷




105.  һ   жӺûжӡ

Ϊһڷ˿浫ȴһֱ侲ŷ˿׷Ϊְҵ, ʱã׷׷£ʵһڽҲûʲôˡ

ĴŸ˵ϽǮͶӵ׶˵ʱ, Ͳµ, Եſڵ㡭

İǣҪͶǮҪ˼ĹҪΪ

ȻһŶӽǮ

ԵƸ߼·Ьӳڵӻ˵ÿ춼ҪĳĳƵ·Ǻ˵ͻһ˼ҡ

Űķ˿ǣ, ҪǮҪĿںɫ·ЬͬȫҾţҪӣ

ȻһҹŶӰͬϻ

Ȼ֮ĲҲ, Ҳ˵˶ҪôŽҪôŰ, ҲкܶŽ̵ͬʱŰ, һ˿еʱͽǮô࣬ѾΪһʱоȥһأ

ŰԼ۽ִʵóĽ˷һȻûеõܶͬ, ߿˵һҲûС

ųĳ֪ԼĽѧģĳҲڶǲμӿƾʱʢ˹֮, ̼֮ܽҲ

лأлļƣ, ֻ֮СδʶȺڽ̷ӵ, Ҫһʶ

֮Ҳмֵ۽Ϊ̸Ҵ£мɿ̸



Ŵӱ߾°һ̫үͱ˸Ѫͷ޻֮, 񻻳߰˸ͬһˮ׼ġǸ춼Ҳն廰ڵҪҲ϶ˣѧĺøǶС̫ӵǰѵʱģԴü´

񴩵׶ǶǹӸеװֻֽ߬ס½ǼװԼ

Ͱ͵Ҳ㹻ˡ

һȺ˵˼֮ûָÿһһʼԼĹ۵㣬ŵ׸ô

Ͼ漰ȥԴһȺҸ߲쵼˵ˣһȺζȥɶҲͰ͵ȥóд󳼺ǲ׵Ļʵ۱ȥô

= =
ôøʲô

ǸϵӻҪϵģ
ԣҪȺ˵ݸ˵
Ҫҵȵ
ԣ
ٸȺ˶ϼ٣׷;ܣ

ȻһȺԱǿʼϼҪȥǵĶ

ս鱦Ѿĸ˿ݡ֮ȫ½ͼԼ֪Ҫʵ۱ӡȷʵڽˡһȺԱֻ¸ıɵС= =

ԣ

ŵѧûøĶΪѧ粻̫ϹŴ˵ȻĴʼĿǰȴĴͽܣġССѾڡסض꣬ò˥ʹѧѾ˲ңɲܸı佪ϰǶⲿϲгΪִӰϵĿܡ

⳶ЩԶ

֮ĹװȫǽľڵĦϷشӪʱĹѾѷ̵ˣȴһһȺ˶˵ͰжϳȻߴפصĶߡ

ԭΪԼܿһĹݳĴ󽫾һ±ƣѰĹųع֮δ󣬲òһȺĹ١֮Ҳҹ¡ȰӲͷƤϢûþǷȥȡȺĹ˵ġӡ֮ǰִܵﶼǡ

Ĺųع֮

Ѿһۺͺüִﶼǻʹվڳ֮Ͽʼ֮ǰЩĹصĹԱǽģһһ䱳ǶһҪͳ͢˻㱨йĹ鼰ڽ⡣

ƪһĸ䣬һΣԭ۾ͷة˺̧ͷתͷ

ڶΣǰվȨĵĴȫ࣬üһء

ΣŵĹԱҲʼվסˣһͷӶ

ȵŰƪĹĹԱǵĳ¸֮꣬Ѿֲѣĸ֮ϵĻʵ۱º׵̫ӵ»

ǿʼչְСԣһ£ȻûǰĹӴĹգڵƵжϺͶĹڽ̵Ŀ˿ڵعǲıϣ鵱ðʾˣҪҪɴȺûǣ·ϰ˸˻μ׷ʽ

µǻвٹԱ뷨ޣ

ľˣһͬľ˵Ļлʵۺ̫Ӹ

ȵһȺԱǿʼҪʲôȥ֪ŪĹȺٵʱ򣬻ʵڷӦЦֹˣ

λڸɶأ
α˾ţ

ڴ࣬λ׵Ļʵ۱а̵ΣжҪӡ

ǣϤһĻŵǰˡ

һȺΪʮҪԶشӰˣΧһλĻ̶Ȳ̫ΪҲͨˡ

ʵ۱¼ҪϳǵĻȻ˵Ƶ̫ߡмʱ̫̣Դϡ

²֪ʢĩ꣬ϵȵҲֹһ֧а̶飬ԡõ졯Ϊ֯ɱӣкذ

ޡ

µʷΪ

ǣޡ

ĪҪСĪе٣ЩڳƱ磬óŪġ

ޡ

¡

¶ͬ飬ͬܣ뵱ԼɲҲӱһȺĹٸһôȻŽţͱŰôһƪʹаΣĹŴĸQAQ

Ȼźͻʵ֮仹вġ

һԿϷ̫ӵΧһԼϵΧĲ״ڽӵ˹վ˵Ŀ⣬һһֻѹƣ˲ȴ

λ󳼵֪¶վһߡ

ǼòУ뿪ڣ̫һֹסֻܽԣ

λֻ¾ЩаΣɽĹ£ȴ©Щ·ıǰĩ꣬ջᱻа̿ƣΪ֮£Ͷ·ţǿ˳͢ҲԼ˭ҲȲˣ죬

˴ʱ˼

Ĺأ

塢ūƽ񣬷һ鱣ůƤӶûУӳûԼһȴܲëĵ̺ūĺūƽĺԶƽһǰǸһǸһ

һ˿ϣĹҡ

ҪϺӣ±ӣֻô

˶ʱ

̫ӼֻаûϣŻὫϣаϣҽ

һ˦緢λĺһǿ֮հҵգ׳ã֮Կɵã֮Բڣ˰ʣԽΪ

̫ÿ˵һ䣬ڳ˱ֱͦһ֣ȵ̫˵˴ʱڳѼͨ죬߸ߵ̧Լ°͡

һңһңаģ

²壡̫˵գϷĸʡ

˵úãӣޣ޲壡

ةһ°ݣϳ壡

ڳ°ݣ಻壡

ȫֻʣС͸˶ŻֱͦˣȻ̫ӵʾҾݡ

¹ٽԲ壡

֮顰˳֮󣬵ͷ˲䣬ĳһֽмʵ

Լ˵ͽжӵȱ
ôж˲𰡣
(sF)sߩ




106.  һ   VSա

Ĺ²Ĵܿ͵õ˽

Ȼʵ۱¼ǺĹЩǶԽ߾ɧšһֱڳ֮ϽҪĴ, ϾǱҪĵõĿġձࡱˣΪһǨڵصˣ͢ǸṩźĴ

ԭĹĹūλ, Ҳλڽǡڡסͳ㹻˵

Ҫ֪˿̶ܼѾǡˡǡڡ, ڵķӿνмУǳ͢ﻹһЩԴķṩĹѾ˵Ĺūǣ

͢Ȼзҽѧ뻧þȻ֪̲סȥ۵ͼϱĴĹūסĵط

ⲻĳǰסⷿ𣿣

ŵɴ۾

ҮȻѵסⷿ͹ס
˵ڶмеĺ÷ӣ
װ޿ס
ܱмСӵλԽ

ôӣ

ǸŰ׺Щ͵ͷӣ˿ѾûִĳЩΪɵķн顣

¥鱣˼Ҽŭص㣬˵Ŀñףǰ, ⷿѾûаסˣҲǿţȺ˲ô

ķӣ

ûûûС
˵ʲôʲô
ее
Ҳҡ

һȺ˻һת, ʼеְԱס

ԭĹ̵λȻҪϳ, ͬʱɲȺ˴, ǵĿеĵλΪأ͢ûҪһʽ̵ĵط

λ뿴˴Ǳ̵ָıأΪȺְԱ仧Ļ˴ֵĽһСǰ

Ү˴ӵ߽С, ܣصע·Ϊɨ̫æûü֩վżһ᷿Ļ, ΢΢ۡ

ΪĹĹʦ̵Ľ, Үƿʼһֱ侲, һԼȻ˵ݾάԼ棬һ߾˼ĳ·

Үʵûôң͢뵽ЩΪһﵱȻҲõ

˵֮ӳ֣ʵɱ, ܵõôӦþǹ̲ǹʦӵһԼԴ̵ĵط

͹ˣ

̵ĽÿһζǾǧӱģ۱ı²һУ£Ǳκ˶֣

ֻҪһط̣£¹̣꣬³Ϊ̣Үƶš

̵ֻĵط

Үб۰ʾһ¸ߵĸᣬֿ̳һ˵ط̫Сһ˵Ҳһ˵֩Ժܾûˣ˵ʲôҪһط

ǻɺüĿ

λ£ɼǲĲʶôˣ
˴ǳϵĴǶԱ֮ѡģ

Ү䣬ϸš

𿴴˵Сǰʱ˴ҲʢģֻǱ˷̣˥ȥ±Ǩûһϵ

˵˵صλԽ߾ҶֵĽԺÿҹϯΪԹ󣬶Ǻųƶǵһ¥ķϲ˹ݣܱ߻֡ͤ硢пڡǶһˣλ۳ȥʲô¶ĲУ

Үһ

̻פ㣬µľҵ˸˼ĵطƾ˵ûûзӵĿռ䣬вöֳɵģֻҪٰڼͿֱộ˶࣬ͲŻûҪ

ֻҪǽҮаΪͽ

ɲǼ䣬Үıԭ뷨Ϊδʱ𽵹󡱡踺ءн

ȣ񣡡װֹķ
ѡĵطȻãҵȻᰲȻסµġ

̵Ľ㰲

ǵĻĹҪò֪ٱӦоСĿļУº˵򣬾Ϊ˼֮ĹٸԼƽ۸˵ھӣ´µլӺͽҲ㹻Ǩӵ˵ǣ̵ȴ֣鲢ûгڴķչ

ںҮʱӦǧǰǰȻѧ۷֮£ѴѵǮȫźŷҪԼ·Լϵˡ

ʵȴǣװ޿ĵһ죬ֻǨӵ˵˵ˡ

Үܵ
ţΪ˲˽ֻҪ˽ˣһԼôʶģ

ȻͼͷĽ棬ʼһµġֻҪҴҾ㡱һ֮ǰҲĹùЧÿ۴Σʱʹһжﵽ˵Ч

Ȼʧˡ

Ȼеʱһ˵쵽ѵ棬ӦٵĶǰĶ࣬һžаսܴһܸӵںҮ̨ѧʱʱƣ̵нڶģɷĻһָֻ֮ǰֻ״̬ǰ

ҮɫųʽϵͽһȥܿͽԽԽ

һжǰļƻڽеģô

ûһİգԭǨӵ˵صͽ˲٣

⽪İǱǵĻʵ۱ʲôôΪʲôһֻԸʲôдǻʵ۱¼ıֽȴԸ̧ͷһ۴ͰΪ˼ߵأ

ʱɨ˰ڵڳԱͻȻ䷢һؼ

׶Үأ
ǵգҮСȥˣ

Үսȭͷɫţ߰ǵġ

Ϊ˼ߣڳΪߺͱ»ָݣնеǣҮڳΪ˼֮ǰµΨһĺӣҲĿһ˼ߵѡ

ΪˣصʹƱԼ˼ӽӻδʱͱϴ񣬸Լ̵ְֽȥһϸ˼ߣƬ̲÷ɡ

ڽǵĵһΪ˸Ү·صؽҪĹɷ񽻸һµʱûжôһۣ˾Ͳˣ

һ̵ĽǱҮߴѰź׶Үһߣʮĺ׶ҮսʶĽǺֳֺС죬׼Ϊǹֵ֧ͬһԺѡǴеŲѡҡź

һƱһƱͳ
һһţԺͿţ

ˣ
̿㣡
̿Ҳ㣡




107.  һ   ع֮ƻ&ͻ顭

ںҮԼʧͷԵͬʱ, ¼֮Ľ͢ȴ͸͸ˡ

һ¹һҹҵ˶Ųڽ̽뽪һǽĹõ˳͢Ǵ, ۳͢ڹٺͻʵ̫ӱװöô, ôġҾôĿװơ˽»ˡһ䱸ġ

ԷÿٶÿγıǶһȺеƤӵ½š

ڿ̵Щʱʵ۱¾̫Ӹ̾Źֲɣ͢ڳǼòз׷࣬ʾԸΪ͢, ߴð˴̼ҵĴֶҹȥɱһŵûʵҹȺϴ󳼽нš

Щʩһȥ, 䵽ջһѽڵʱ, нڹеϴǺͻʵ۱, ̫ӵһߴװģķ̾

úõһ̣ôѧǸˣ~

˭뵽أ

ǶԽǾԲ̵ĵĻʵ۱£Ҳû뵽¼еȻϰ, ع֮Ľѧǣ

߻ݵҮոڽǶǻ

ҮǱԼ̵ͬʱ潪ĽʿһжҲûš

õһصѧǣ֪ͨڸͽǿ, ͽǶԼ뿪ʱĹ֮ܽ, ǾǰͰճ, û˲ҲûнſĵǣһʱϷ

ҶǺʧ
ôõĻᶼñ𣨵İࣩ˸©
Щ⣩֮ǰû̹𣿣ԭľԭĿҶְֵĴǴ, ǾȻĿŻô˸ߣ

Ȼ˦Ǿ侭Ļ
ǼֱҴһ죡

ͽܱùѪͷ׷׵ͷʾڣȫûע⵽ԼʦЩֵǲǺöĴʻ㡣

ţģһеİ֮Ҳˬʼִͽµ̯ӡ

ʵҲ̯ӡ

ǼͽܶȽϽһŸ潫ʿǳ꣬Ҿ͸ûĹһ֮ǰļ۶ͽһû

ǶЩ־СǣǸŸѧǶġ伫ϳ͢ߺһĺô˵аˢһ͢ĺøжȣսʼָһŮԸŮ־񻡷ȶȣ˼νŮר֮ĽĿı˰ǳıֽ־ֻֽܹӡ»

Ŷͬǵķչûʲôְִ̫һҲţԼͽܴʧôĻôʱͺżˡ

Ȧˣ
עȴŻȣ
Ⱦ
ǹѣ
Ѿѣ
Ѿ

ôԲҪ

̷˷ıֽ־Ȼ˿ʱ㡪ţʮһ£

ȻͶƻ

ƻһǴ조ϵż񡱣ѡżϣ

֮ǰдŽԺڳŮģʽȫżѡδǰѪڣΪԼż۵࣬дʫīΪ֧ԼϲżǺʫƵǻȥˡ

һȥˣӣʱڶǣڶˣ

һȻ˸һǾ͸飡һŮ飡

ˣͽСӣŮͽг˷˵Ĺǣ¾ִżǣ

ѡ֮󣬵һͿʼͶ֮ȺСżȥȺѡΣȻͰִı̣ǿǿһʱ仹Ҫ

ƻʮһ϶Ǹ̼Ҹȫۿۻ조ֽڡֱͶԲִ꣡

ִʮеֱҲҵ˿ԽйŴֱѡȫµģʽ

ԭֱһɶǴ˿ڵ̨ɽԺṩ䵱ֱ䡣

֮ǰλεΡ

еۿۻͲƷɸĹ沿ȥ̸ﵽյͼۡǱȸ̼ȻҪٴȵĻ

ֱĸµֱӹʽŸճ޸ģ˸ֳ̼ṩʵһȯĿͻŶһֽһֽȯ

ȵ˫ʮһ죬ֱ䡱һͿʼǮԴƾԼǿɤһһĲƷ̼Ŷ̨ϣһȯĺ٣ʵһһɱһֱɱʱȺҲɢȥ

ڼƻǰЧ;ЧһЩЧ

뿪ǳĹʱĻгĿ»һĹʮ⣨ΪȫǸµķһҵҹǴӢۡ

ȥˣ˼û䣬ŽĹսʤ˶ⳡսʿǵĳ̣˵ǡҹͶĹĸǹ׶ۡȡ

ſóʵڽ갲ƽ֮սĶ̾һ䡰һֱģ£δԽȻ˼Ƭ̣ڰѼƻһͼƻͳͳͽǾʵʩԼʣʼдС˵ȨڱֽϸԼ˸ء

ֺܼ򵥣ͽС߾һˡһ֪ǽ߾Ĺ£͸ڽгеС˵һ

ֻҪ˹µĵһΣǾͻ֣ᷢⱾǲ֮ǰͳĽ߾һˣǱĹ߾һˣ

½ִЩսƬĹӴĹջūдĲĹжĶɶǽĽʿж壬ǻһתʼĹײһ˵顣

̫ͨˣͨþ񽪹ײϰһ

µһǼĸΪûǮԼĵβֻܹڵԼƣĬŰԼһӵǮӣԼ¸̻Ҫġ̷ѡġ

߾սңҵĲǽ߾ҲĹ߾İտ࣬ҲһŹǵѹȣķ裬ս˾

мǴŲٽ˽»ͨޡһϷ龰ĵӱ࣬˶ϧƽԴĹҲû֮ǰĳӡ

ĹĹǵȻǴɷڶѾɳԼˣٴɷɾɵھӦҪںϣŽѰ·磡

ŵҡͷԣĴͽ˼µıֽϿ£ĵǡһѡ

ƻһżϳȫǰյĿϾ˼ƻ̱㴫ļƻ

ƻ˫ʮһǣ˵棬֮ǰǸСЩһԵúۣһˮû

ƻġһסΪڣΪ˽ѣ˶ҡɴ̻ᣬ˸۲۵¶ˣ

ײҲãΪ֮ҲãĽϲʵ۱һ˵뿪ʱĳŵ

ּͻع֮




108.  һ   ѿ

Ĵͻּµûʲô

Ͼ, ӻʵ۱·ҪŴһ鲼°ŽӿʼþͶԴ֪ˡ

䣬󲿷ƽϰնԹԱļ𰡹ûɶ, ǿ, ǻʵ۱¼ҵŮҪͣԼĹԱѡ˸ֺÿǰ;ģŮ޸

ûⰡ

ŵͽϲ̵شӸԵļ˾ƺͲ˸ףһ٣˶һȻӣԭ׼һӿƽʵҫԼڹųдȻԼƷ˼ʵҫĻʵ۱һơ

/޾뷲һ£Ϊʲôûϣ

ɬһµĴ, ҲΪʱĸ̫ӸʱʱĴȤ, ӵͻּʱ̹Ȼ, һȵˡı顣

ǵĹ²һ˳ġ

ԭΪûκηԵ, ܺܿӵĵˣΪصҵ˻æµš񻡷־ؿĴ˵һͨǣ

ϾҪ׳ΪһԷ, ʵһһŮ֮Ĺϵ˷֮⻹еŮѵĹϵãҪϧмݵʱ, һ̸ĸо

û̸, һٺ, е

û̸ˣϱӿĸżͷ˿ǽĸͬģһȦʲôһ𿴻硢һ𿴱ݡһȥϲ˹ݳԷһȥΰġ

һűŷô󲿷ǰΪ±ȥĵطԼҵĲҵ

ⲻǰԼҷѲԼҲҵ

Һûд, ȻڻʹԳԺֵ飬˽ģһЩɫ򰡡װ֮ġ

һָϳˡ

ôĿ浽ǳɻ黹治ꡣΪȻ

û£ǿԳ֮棡һȥоһֲһȫû鱻ƳɵӵĴ˷ܵ˵

ûͬΪص˳ȭ

²ԼÿһԼᡪʹһֻ۱һֻۣԼҲûʲôܹһһŮСִӳǶ䵽ӳ浽˳⣬Ӷ浽˰ǣһ¡

ʥּ˵ġճɻ顱աû

˵Ϊʵ۱º̫ӵ¶᲻ԼҵŮ/ãһֱڼְةϴˣһ˵ѡ̫Ůᶳһ˵Ǹѡ̫ȣʱױҪˣ֮ǷڣԤҵֹƨɶóˣة˵ŻṬŶµĳٰչڼҡ

ȻźʹĻôˡ

һⲻа
Ȼĸ磬ŮĶֺôӺ

ߣӣͳ嵽˻ʹһֵͬةฮ־ļߺͳı༭ÿةฮĴţԳŵ鼮ÿһεרΪۣñòԸȥϰةһ˻ٴʳеս

Ȼֱչд˸μǡͬˣٽʾ֭ǰȫġ塷ǰ¸˳ǰʹֱ׸˻ʵ۱º̫ӵ¡

ôҲͻҴ򽻵ôˣڻʹλ˺δ˵ϲãЩ˽ġ

λʵѾˡμǡİÿ춼ҪѳôɡˮеĴǶ̯ôʴȴʥı¡

Ϸ˿̬ŶҶơμǡ֮ͬռǡָɽµ꡷Żʵ۱¿һĴã

̫ӵ£ΪһصĸĻкϲΧۿֲִҪһţȨıһ˴

ȻûǸ±塷ģܰ԰é®Ĺ¸дѾԼţˣиʷٽǽѧߺͱǰɡ

ȻյĻʹͣˣǸܵŵĳ⣬㣬ʼȥ׼飬ڶϳ˴Żةࡣ

һδ޴µԼ񡪡

εĿˣǾҪ̡

ͷ¶Цݡ

ЩӵӴԼδķҲµʶ֮ǰĵ׻Ļ֣̿ڵѾ˽ԼԸС

̸أ

š

Ȼ˴Сֿ֣ʼ˵ڶԼᣬӽڻ磬˳ĳ浽ߵıǣʱҲҪлˣһδŮѴضǣصһ

ھȻû
ڸĽ
ҪȹĽٶڣ
Ľ̻а깤

ǰ󶨻ڣ
ϣΪǽһμ޹ȺͷҪΪ˻ǳþϣ

źʹ


棬ôԼҲҪģִЩÿһС£ÿ쿴ͬһѵ

ǿˡ
Ϊ˱֤ʸУ˲Լͬؾ

ȥɡ
ʹңǣ֡

ȫͶ뵽δ֧´ʷϵһŮ־񻡷ĳ֮С

ںδһԼʱһԼŰԼҲһôع۲һ·ϳߵŮԣȻĸʺ̫Ӹûа䲼ʲôŮԵķة˺ͳдǸǲѾԼܽŮⷽ棬ЩŮǣǷ·ȻٱʲôԼ

ھƹ̸˵ظ̸ۣ˵˵ɤųҲֻᱻ˿ŮֻҪ˵һһ㣬ͻᱻΧҪŮ

ϰ̯һ˳̯һŮ˳̯ЩİǶǵ̬ҲȫһôȻŮǡôһŮԼ̯ˣĶ࣬ô滹ôԴأ

Ҫ˵˿ڣȥﶼᱻΪŮӣȻҲᱻǽѧǾٰʫᡢۻֳͻᱻ۹⿴ţ۹һֱߵδŻʧ

ܾò̫ԣ˵ĸоǰʱֱֻܱԼһΪֹڲһˣ񻡷ĴټŮԣǶʶ֣ǲǿʶȻͬȴɢŹâΪȺŮԵı༭һֱǵĶùͨ

ԣǴ߸塣

ϸ岻дš
дûӦǾ˴
Ҳأֻŵġ

Դддú˳֣ںǸرϲдδŽѧֱͨԼ˼룬дԼ˼֮ܳ˼ݣ˳ЩһߵĴ߸ŵŷһ˳ȥ

ϵǣЩԭлĴ߸ŵڶȻյ˻ţ
һ𿪣ţûһ潻ģȫЩͶںԼͬ飬Դ֮Ϭô֮ḻͶЩĶˣ

ͽп۵Ͷһ̷·˹룬ְԼʱδԼедǷȻ˸ķ죬м칫صֱӵ潻ˣ

һʼֻһչͷ룬뵽һȥμӵЩǵʫᡢ»ᡢۻᣬɴЧλδҲȥ˸տյ֣˴ɨһµĵĹݣд롶񻡷еμŮԵ潻ᡣ

ֻ۳ֻ˵ЩŮӲ£̸ұְҵ׼

ڻϳԣмĲƽȫ˳ֻˮҲãı̽һҲã񻡷ı༭һ𣬺ļ¼˻˵ķԣɸѡдֲôƫЩˡ񻡷µרѿ档

ѿδŵȡ

ԼǸȡϣԭδᣬΪ༭ҲӦҪиƵģ˼ȥ벻ɴáΪıȻûʲôɧ¶Լȡˮƽȷ֪µרԼϼδŸ

רЩıȻֻҪعһЩġŮĲƽ֪ǷȷǷܱδɷܡ

ȻĵǶģһֻ֧֣켸ͬ뷨Ůһıһв

һŮ˼ȷãܸı䲻ǺŮӵһӣܼ䷢ѿ㣬Сѿɡ

ѿ
ҲʲôڴﳤСѿ

Լ·ʲô

ӦЩʲôİɣ

ҿǽ϶Ů

ֻҪôһ룬ϱӿʹ
ټ־ͬϵСǣҹ̫Ӹ븸ĸةಮ˵˵Լ뷨ƽɷ磬ڿᣬѿרŮڹ̶һͬȥȥȥһһıЩ˵Ĺ

һģ͵Ҫӡ

ûԭܹô죬ԭǸʿǸбͷӡô

ƺѾҵԼıͷ
أ




109.     ᣬɡ

Ǹпǧ

ȻΪһʼһ, ڻǰѾ񲿵ĴԤݹˣ͸ϳʽݳǰҪһҲ˿ûʲôŸ, Ĵɹٵ·, ŴӭȢʱֽźͼȴԼЩ졣

ĽԼﱳϻεʱԼû뵽˫־Ȼǲġ

׵ĸþĻʵ۱ѾٽһƵټ˵ˣ, Լֻף

һ֮뿪ʹȥʥϹȻ̫ӵ¡

˻ʹ, ǲпڴ㳡, Ժ̨, ΪףǵĴ󶫼ңҲŵĻﱸ˲ٵĽĿӻʹһɲǣ㳡, һѡͶƱǰżͿʼ볪ϳףˡ

ףһǰĳݣܳ

ȻЩ˵ҲԼ˾, ֻҪ뵽ֳֻ൱ڱѵһǺͶСⶼԼȳһܲܳ

, ȻСǫǫӡݳ֪ҾͲˣ

ððʧʧСү, ȻүĻʵ۴󲮰½̲ϰĳˮƽϡõıһǣֻҪ뿪ţǸ׷塣˵ҪֵķϵʱƵ, ˵ݵҲ

˵趼ڹ㳡ϣͽŵСƷ

ֵܾͲܷڣһԼȳ׷ɽֵܶ㴳

ллϡ

Сүƴڻ˼䣬һʼĽһ·ʲô䵽ʵһ̤ʵˣŻͷһ۹ĽӣԼλСһμʱСԼǸ⡪

֮ʶңҪҰӹбͷҾҵҪŬķˣôأ

Ҫʲôӣ

ϣʱסˡ
Եʱûлش

ʱ̫Զ˻ǵԼǴִԽһ꣬Ѿ˺ܶ飬ԼʲôԽģҲִӴʱմԽʱ뷨ԼΪʲôĽѧǡ

һеһУ
·𶼸ˡ

ƮԶž˶Уϲ˹ݵͿΪĵһʽҲ˹׬ģټҲ˹ݵķҲȷʵɿζҶһģѧڴ֮뷽ϲ˹һֱеĺ

ɹʳϵϲ˹ЩѾڶǿҷֵˣŽ̿ϲ˹ҲпļƻڹѧͽǡѧվҪȥϲ˹ݡĹãִʦ֮У¶ơ

˹ſڣһŵĻ粻̫ߣҲö⸱ڹף֣ף͹Ҹģ͸ţܿϲ˹Ϊ˽Ҳǲһ£·Լֵܽսһ

뵽շϲ˹ݵܵҲΪѰ˻еĲѵĴһ͵¸֮Уòڽչţ飬ģŸжѡ

ԭΪֻǰԼ˸һĺ飬ȴΪףĻôĹΪ

ˡϲ˹ſڣͻȻһС˵ע⡣

Ϊף빫֮񣬷ϲ˹ݽƳͬ˵ֻҪ998ǮƷϴ⿵ľʳͬʱ껹Ƴ桮ͬġײ͡úϡײͺ͡ӡײͣ涼ǽջдóֺòˣ

ԤԼͬδҲɽѯ뵽ȵã

ʧʧϿ͹~һͬײ𣿺õģϣ
ûλӵĿ͹ǿǰϲ˹ֵͣ

ֻһգ۵ĹԭһֱŵĻƶĿֶ֮һ

ţ
а
ֲûѸҲûϯԭҵˣӪֶҪҪѧôλ

̼нپƬ˶ĵĵط

һ·ǰ־ˡһ֡

һǷϷơ

ΪʱǣŴӳ͢һ֣ӣѧǵĻΪס˲˵ֻҪڽѧǹʮ꣬סլֱ͡

֡һ˽࣬ȫзסĽǼֱǸըţڵʱһʯǧˣڶͰѽѧǵµλͬڳٰ͢Ŀƾٿˡ

񣬽һѾסˣҪַ֡ſܾҪǸĳɸÿͶʡ𡱻߽ƽĳС߲ˡ

Ҳ֪ڵĽ켼֧֧ŪС߲_(:١)_

һϣѾ»ŶһҸóԼҵĿű졪

ĻëһŽϵһԼĻֽˢˢˢĻһһӡ

дʦݵִͬʱƵΧʮǮһƬĲĵʦΪʱûָ߶豸һĿҲ㲻ֻһŶԴһдʦĻϾ

ôܲأ
вǻ
ִ᲻бգԷǰҲأ

ԺĻһظ裬ЩձձġϰûܱѡϲμӱݣⲢӰȰ赸Ȱ質ȰȰţǣģ

˶ڷԼسҪϰǰһչɣõ࿴ֻн־ͱļߣʮ֮Ҫ嵽ŵĴϵŽһһ߻ֽʡ

ү˿̵ôģ

ղŽʱжЩʲô𣿡

Щ⻹ľͲˡ

д˵μӽ֮սȫǱ¿ڹ޹ӲŷģԴô

д˵֮ԻԸѡȫĻá񻡷־֮ͨϦദȷʽųɹģԴʲô뷨

д˵

ݹҪ𣿡Ϊεشϡ

õûˡ

߿ٺһһתͷһ

ڼ׷ʵ빫֮İǷʱ޿̣ϡ

¶ˣҲҪС˭Ū
С

һ·һ·һһ֣ÿһϣŶ˻ԽѧǼͽܡǵľ׼

̻Ͽڵʫƪףĸ԰ףϰ׵ˮƮֵĻ;㡭

ûкȾƣȴԼѾˡ

ȵҹ٣ݼһûԼ̫Ƶһµ·ƿСĸͷһζʱͻȻ¶Цݣش˹ʱǸ⡣

Ҳ֪ʲôбͷӡ
бͷ͵յ㣬ǰյܿƵأ

дһѵǸ벻һĽ֣дһ꣬Ĺ¾˵𣿡

Ǹ磬Ҫġͷִ֮󣬼Լӡ

Ҳһ
ҾãҵıͷȢ֮ͶˣҵĹ¿øӡˣҺĹ²

ǻкӣһҵĽѧǣġ񻡷˵ǧԺǵĹ»Ϊһ˵š

ҪֻҪÿһˡ
ᣬɡ

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