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ߣԲ
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飺Ԥաϻںˮİ·ȤĿԴרղء
ᣬУ֧档
ﱸܳ谮Сʦá
츳ڣǾѣ֮;˳˳ˮڡ

ֱһա
ͻƾ֮ʣԼġʶ;еİ¹Ů䡣
ԭУŮɽʱˣǰԼһΪ͸żģǸɵСӵ̤;

ʦǣкպķɡ

ʦѪӺ裬ģδ
ʦ֮ӣ԰ѼκͿƣδ籩
ʦǣգ򽣶϶ħΪħ˸߰˰ˡ

ͻƾ磺

²ãСʦ߻ħˣ
Сʦɽɱˣ

СʦóΪħ



ħ֮
ͱҰ

Ůһͱ
ʦǡҲɷǵ

Ѫʦ֣ʦչ࣬ħȻûзŲܵĵ
֮Ӷʦ֣ʦͬ㣬ħȻûзŲܵĵ
Ǵʦ֣ʦģ˭ȳΪµһħȻûзŲܵĵ

΢ЦҲƽһء

/
һһꡣ

Ķ֪/ס
Ůޣո˵أ͸ɣĺֺڣص㣩
ŮǸҵĳɳ֮ӹұȣںˣߡҰǵ·߾ˣ·ߡ·ߡ
ϵ壩---ԪӤ--ŮԪӤƪر𳤡
Ԥաϻںˮİ·ȤĿԴרղء
1
ǺϻСʦã츳ѣ棬Ӳ

ɱ˲գ۵ħ
ѩȺ̶սթĻ
һ۵Ĺ

ͨͨµĴ㡣

˾̾
ʦҺϻڰ

˭֪ĳһգʦˮһƬҡ

2
Ҷ²Ⱦɷǵµһˣִ֮֮

ٽ֮ꡣ
Ҷһͽܣȫ²

ͽӵˮ츳ϳˣǾѣҶƫִϱдɾ͡

ֻǲ֪ΪΣͽ֮
Ҷ޵УһһɽҪѰԼҵ¡

ʦɵĿ⣬ҡͷ
ңҲǡ

ǵǺϻŮޣʿʲô£
ݱǩ ֮   ɳ
һ仰飺һһꡣ
1.     ǽĽ

ʦ߻ħ
ByԲ

δʾɽɸһѩ
ƵɽԴɰءڽҡ֦Ҷѩ

˸ĳǰµӵĲһѪۡ
ִŽƮƮĻɱ⣺
𣿡

ˣˡ
µӸϽҡͷ
ҡͷķȺС¶ˣߵĽĲӡ

Ų˽

µӻδһͱһ߳ʮԶײùɡһѪزֱӻ˹ȥ

ۣҲ̫ײˡһţһ¡

㻹ɴһ

翴Դ
еĽ

һŹӽ𣬱Ũ͸߳ҹƵĻƲΪһҹۡ
̤ڱĻѩϣûѩһ˿ۼ紵ҶҲ͸壬ûܵκ谭

ͺ񲻴һ

ԡײСǲʲô⣿

𣿡
괿¶һ˿ɻ
ǽ֪ɡ

磺һЩ㲻ǽ飬ֻʱѽ϶ѡ



ִĵǸϵʱ򣬿ľһͼ
ʮһµ˳̶ȻأȫڵϣҪôʹ.ҪôѾȥˡΧľۣѩŰ߰Ѫ

һе֣硣
վУһðɫӲϵѪһ߲ͷͿ졣
ַﲻˣֲѽĽ飬ôԼĽ

һĵӾȵ
ʦ㡭ʦ㲻ʲô֢ɣ

ʦһƴϣ
˵ʦİ飬ժǡ

ȶ໰Сʦٶһ䡰ɶʦ־ߵǰ
ʦãڶŹΥŹ棬һִɡ



ʮһµӽԱķ壬޺ҽơ
˵˵ҪԴ£صǸأûˡ

Ǳִ塣

ڵΪɽɸĵһɡ
ɽɸڶ֮ɽϣ˵ŶΪϣħţҷԣޡĵرҲޡ

ɣȻŽȫɭϵŹġ

ִ壬ɽɸ߷֮һΪάڽɣִŹġ

ִ

Ϸźӣʵ磬ɻǵãɽɸĵʮŹʲô

磺
ʲôţ

Ϸԡ

͸飬ժǣϥϷߣִﾾӣҳԡ
֮ӣҲ١ȴʵسԵ˶ݳζҲ֪⾿Ǹʲôԭ

ժǽӵ
ŶҼǵá

ȥϵӣ֭ˮߵǰڰд֡

֮£ɽɸе鼮ȫıСϲĽĻͲŵĽص䡣

þò˵ɫغǳʦֶ㽫Źˣ

ûУǵء
翴ſѧ
ֹӶŹΥΪسͷɣ̷ȥΪȥԴɵ𡣡

⸱·ֳŹ棬һ𡱵ӣ͸ˡһ֪СûŹϡ

ʵ
ǵãΪʲôҪΥŹ棿

ʮһ˿ڳʦ֡ʦĻ㣬ûǼƽϡ
վִĴ˵ҲУСۡҶɾˣһ˿Ի

ʦĻѪ
Щͻ˼ҲˣʦֵѪͳ¡

Ҫ
ɽʱЩˣҪ֣ʦס࣬ٻطʱ顣
ժǵĹĶ֮£˽

⣬һǵá
̧ͷؿִ
Ź滹涨ҪάͬţͬŷҲҪȥ

ŭǿʶ

ʦΪǿʶֱӽɸˡ
ɽɸϣһʢŭ˿Ҳ£üۼŵĹԡ

񣺡㡪

绹ǲһ䣺ΪҽԡŹηηʦ顣

ˤ˱ӣ
ȥɽڣʦˣʰ㣡



ԹԵؽ˺ɽ
ϥڵϣ˼Ϣ졣

ժҲһĽϣɽǰ˵ϵͷƢֲϵÿ졣
ʦػͣģ֤ʲôƢˣӻ˥ϰ

Ϊ⣬Ƣ޹ء
Ľ˵ժǣٸҵĽˣȻҪˡ

Ŷժ뿪˽Щ֮ٻһѲͺˣ

ժǸ顣
絮һҲųϡ
ժԼ˵֮ԵԲŻ

ժǵĴӦáǸ˿Ĵѡݡ

鲻֪ĸ⣬ܾԼǸ顣
翪ʼϰ֮ҪĽϡܲסʱ˾ͻѺۣϱϡ

꿪ʼսʮꡣ
ʮժŪʮѽÿһѶֵǡ

︻͡
ҪǻĽޣ͸÷ˡ

磺ժǣ޶һһһѽǻڽ޽ǽ塣

룬ʵѾǽˡ
ǸڽĴͳ޴ʦʶۣѾܾûк˵ˡÿʱʶۿ񣬶Ϳһ

ժҡͷ磬û뵽㾹ȻôŰˡô꣬ĸү磬үǻأ

磺
ΪʲôҪֵıȽϣ
ɣү檣֮ʲôɱ֮

ժ㵽ǿ˶ٻӣ
ٿˣӻݱ㱾Ͳôߵ̵ģ

ժ߶߶ѵ
ֱԶңңֳһӰժǲֹͣЩûõĻ
磬ػˡ

硰ৡһվæװ˼ӡ

˴Ű£κĺ񣬲ҪЩò忡һͷ˿ûڣɢں󷽡
òģͷںڵģһ˿ȴǾ˲׺ɣ任ʯ²ܴĥĺۼͨ͸

ʦػ
ʽķµһĽޣĴܣֻ֤һš

ժǿСƢʦһһسϹЩº͵Ц⡣
磬ʲô




2.     ʯеMVP

ʲô

ĿɾͶˡ
ֹţҿʦ˵˵ŻҶػôĳˣǲҪӢˣ

ժҲܻš

Ȼ֮ǰ˵ػƢá֪ػƢáʲô˵仰һ½ˣҪƢأ
ԣ˭ػ־磬Ƣỵ

磬죬

ժǸϽԼļ䣬ɽɸд֣Դ֮У֮ϣ̲סʹ顣
ѼֵĴʾƴƴŵǰߴٵøֿһЩ˵ܱסΪ

磺
ݼܴػҪػ֪Щʾ䶼ժǰģ˵Ҫ

ػСͽܻģЩЦֵڴߣװ
磬㶷Źʱ𣿡

羯ؿ
ʦϾҪչؽˡ

ػأ

գұõ״̬չأҲڱչǰˡ

ػһЦ˳
ע̧߽ͷ˵Ҿȷ״̬ġ

⣬ڶŹһ¡ػʦ˵ˣҲΪд

͵һ

ҲдٸһλᣬҲǻôġ
룬ֲһ䣬
һ㡣

ժһԸпۣǲ֪ڸİ

һۡ
˵þͺһλᣬԱɿָýȥɼһ



ػ͵˱չصؾٱʱػŻͬ
磬Ӧһμˡ

磺
ػ˵ʲôϹ

ػ˵ҪˣҲһ

磬ߵľ类Ϊ---ԪӤ-񡱣ٽǷ
ػѾǻĩڣڲϵչء֤ѾԶˡ

ػֻһأҾͷˡ

д˵֮˵ﻯڴԲ֮󣬵õΪ併һ⡣ǧģþ֤
ˣ֮Ҳʹճˡ

֪ػĿʲôģ
ӦܹһʵĴ𰸵ģϾػ

ʵ˵һμأ

ػ㶣ӦˣЦŵ
ȷһΡ

ʮʮ𵤡ʮѾҪԪӤˡ
ǰδеġ
ػҲʱ䣬Ŵﵽڵĳɾ͡

ٶȣճ顣

ϼ



粼˷ϥ£ʼԪӤڡ

ƾʵΪʮŵ׺ʮػ汻׻յǽ̿תۼҳ䣬˶Ȼһˡ

ֻһأħ֮
նħͿļԣɾԪӤ

ħ֮˵Ѳѣ˵ײס

޻޵ħ֮Ⱦͺ޷κ˺谭

һЩͨ͸˶ԣħ֮Իþʽչ̵ʹ࣬չ֮
Щܷʹ󣬾޷սʤħǻԶħԭأΪܴ߻ħ

ħǲ̫һ

ȼ㡣
˿˿Ƶ꣬ŷеͳħǰ

һɫĹ

磺

˵õĻþأ
̵ʹأõĶأ
ôһ

⣬⣿

ЩԻ

˹µʱͻȻɢˡûʧǻΪƹ˿̨

ὣնȥ

ǽ޵ıܡʲôֻҪоԾˡ

ն˸ա

˿˿ûܵ谭̨ʶʶӿţڵâ£Ѿõļγˮ棬׻ˡ

ӳȥ磬ΪһѣΣͷʹѡ
ܿƵӿˮضɽҡгԳܣءһըƬ

ôôˣժǴӶ˽⽣ôˣû棬β°
ַ֣ܿ״̫Ծ磬磿

ţŻһѪ
Ǵġ

ժǵڶţʲô飿ʲô飿磬㲻߻ħ˰ɣ
ôִˣ׹ز͹ι磬ˣ񰡣



ôҲû뵽Լ˶ʮ磬ȻǰһС˵

ⱾС˵ǴƵġʶ;
ǸСĹӡĸ˫ռļҲҽϳţ쵽ɽɽµľ
˭֪ɽҰԴ֮·;һ¿꣬ɵһˣշ֤

ۺܺãߵıʻ
÷ǳʡ

λ;ɽżһħ׷ɱŮޡŮ޵ƺأҩʯЧ֮ǰһķν϶һΪ͸˷Ρ

ŮΪˡ
ͻȻУı˵Ůľ꣬İ¹⣬ռ˲ɶҡĵλ

̤뻯ںѰΪ¹
ӴĺԺＦɹ¹ⱻŮŮã˺ŮŮҲΪ㰮ĵһʱʱģ

ڣˡ
һ̤ɵŮ¹⣬ǴþòȴϺħ
һ˰¹⣬ϺħľԲ֤

磺
ʲôǰĺùˣ

ΪרŸһΣʵˡɱ¹֤ճɡ
ֱ·õĵʯ

¹ľ鱾Ѿеˡ
̹ǣ¹ͬҲ硣

ܵġ

統ʱոռӰӵ깤ӭ٣ڴ׼˯þ
һ˯ͰԼ˯С˵˻ǸӤİ¹⡣

ʧȥ˼䡣

ֱͰسɳΪҲ̤ԪӤڣڽħУǰļ䡣




3.  ħ   Ǯʹĥǽ֡

ѣһ״̬ʹ۾մѪں¡¡άƲˡ

ժôҲ
Ҫȥ˾һ磬ȴּԼһ˭Ҳŵİ顣
ôһʱ䣬ժǾãģнͽĹϾҪȥˡ



磬硪
ժǵڶߡ

־㱡

ֱߵ࣬临

ʦã
ʦá

ħˣ
ûʲôۣôܻħ

罥ػع
ǰˮ֮ǳɫᣣ´ҲѾǱʯ̨ůĴ졣

ϴڣҪԴɽɸĵ޺ҽǣ

Ʈ˸ԶһЩĵط
ŷݵĴʯԣһİ½ޡϣŽĿ

翴лиһλ
ʮ꣬ɽɸʽͽʶۣ򽣶ϳħ¾ħ

磺

λŽİ꣬λԽԹֵĴʦʶۡ
ǸͳĽޣǣһһһڣҲöʮѣʮѣһֱ˳ۡ

ѧػеĽؼΪҲѾԪӤڡػ֮µʽ
ɸŵġ

Ǳġʶ;ôдġ

ԭУʶڽϵ裬˵֪ħڶɵѣƹݡɶ츳ʣħ޵ļƻ͡
ʶ۱ˣսϣħ֮ʻΪħ˸߰˰ˡ

ʶǿĹ
ʱһߣڲ־⻷İ£ӮʶۣȫΪ
ҲһԾΪɵ۷壬ʶɱͺ˵ΪףΨǴӡ

磺
ģ

ߵİ½ۣߡıüĿ͸·˵šʲô

磺ڿľ

硪
ڷѹժǣֱϣʶ۵̽ߡ

ժ߶߶ȥĻ¸˾ʲô¡

ָħʿʱרħסʱ۾ԣ׺˸ʵ
ʶۼʱϵؾСܾܿͱסˡ

벻ƽʱ̱ˣڷʱȻǳġ
ժǿʶۣҡͷ

Сֹǰʱƽ𣬵ڻǷû

ժǣ
Ǿ仰˵ĹȻûǮùĥǽ

磺
лú˵ͼнޡ
ͦǮġ



ħױͨ״٣ʮأΣͷһⱻԴ

ָ֮ǰʹ

ɽɸĸΪ룬ע֪޵Ĳףָָʶ涢ʦãʽְ࿴硣
ˡ
ѡͽ⣬Բ

磺
鲻ôɡ

ȰСʦ壬һҲûʲôʦ˵ĥһ£ܸ

ǲʵ
ϻһһպãҾͽȫֱϡ


ر졣

ţ
Сʦ壬Ǹҽޣҽôôꣿ

ʵˣ˷ӺһȺӣ뿪ˡ
û״ӡЩǱѡͳһ.̵ŵӡǴǳ׵վһǵˮ

ǺӴ࣬ʶټŴڶŹͬŵǶ粻ദҽӽ

ֻһ˳
ͺһü۵䣬͸һ޷ӵüǳЦţЦޡ
󷽷ض˵ʦãҽʲôҪֱӺҾͺá

ûлӦ
ڴϣ׽е´
ΣС˵һ䣺㰡

һʱЩ޴룬ָ֪ʲôҲ֪Ӧ

ҲûҪش
ָˣ߰ɣʲôʲôȥнţҲСӣòǿܡ

һȺС˻ǱͲ£ô˵׷뿪ˡ

뿪ʽһӷ߷ߵʲô̬ȣһĿ˵ӣ״Ӻܸ߹𣿡

ػ״ӡ
״Ӹ߲߹󣬵ÿʦ˭

ôŵӣлΪ״ӵģпܻΪһθ԰ɣʦ㣿

׳⣬ȴûеõش

ʦ㣿
ɻػعͷȥ

վߵҽϣ̧ͷʽĴһ˫۾ӣüëҲš

ոʽʱ
оԼˣˡ翴Ŀ⣬һװαװֱ͸ʵ

룺
˲򵥡
ǧһţػıŵӣʮڳԪӤڡɳһ֮꣬ʲôĹ

뵽֣߬¶˾ģ
ɳҪ취Ҫɱڴˡ



ȷ
ֻ֮ǵվ籾ˡ

ԭʶ;Ůǡ

ħڣħʥŮʥŮħ쵼ߣǣħѾħҪڶλͳߡ
ˣһֱʵʥŮ

Ϊ˴ħrжʵȨħµŷҪһĹ

׼ħ谭Űλӵһɽɸ
취ڸħϢɸ
˳ΪŵӣںΪ˸״ӣҲɽɸڶһθ

磺
üһԵԳ䡣

ֻϧ
ħʥŮֻħھ֮λ뷨ɸ֮λ⡣
ȡɽɸܣħս֮УʹɸҰܣ˥΢

ҲԴ˿ʼڼΣħʥŮչһమɱİоľʶϷ

磺
ģԹŮ



º

ϣɷΪ̽״ҽѵûšüͷһ
һ£ָܻˡ

˵ͷСʦ鲻Ƿʲô𣿡

ɣȥŷժЯ°Ϣˣ磬֪֪ʦͽˣǸòˡ
ɫôôѿ

ûʲô˸ͽܰˡ
·˵ոճһ棬һɰһ




4.  ɽ   ҪҰν

дԲۡȴǶ˵ƽȣ
ϲСʦϲðͽ㲻ҳʽ壬Ǿ´θʱʦôưɣ

ô£
ԭУɷĵӣ֮ɣ
ôܰ

Щɻ
ô֪ʦã

δ꣬͸оҡ
жʮŮ޴ڴϵֻֿٵ̨ꡱѳһ϶

ժæң
磬ôѪˣ



ûգոձΪ״ӵһҩʽ壬̽˸硣

ʱ½ڴߣһ֧Ŀⱻʲôš
˳Ŀȥ

ȴʽĽƺ
һµĽޣִһ̴ͨĳڿĽƺת⣬ڽУʽɽ㣬ˮ
ýʶۣʽͽ

ƵĶ𣺡£ҹͷˡ

ǸĹᵽǷҽ޵ͽܡΪͣԶָһ裬˶ԷıԹ
ġʵڲУͶ࿴ʦһ۲

磺ԽԽ

أҲժſڴߣʲôʱµĽ

磺
ǽӣ
½

ʱ࣬Щŵ߬Լ䣬
ʦ㣬˵ĽڣҪˡ

磺ţ

͵Ǹʢֻ˶ʮεؾ

Ľڣ
һڽؾؾеÿһѽǼƷལһõĽ
ڣںܶŻῪһΡڵǶꡪûйɣȫ⡣

ΪޣȻ֪ڣġ

ͷ룺
ıǰˡ
ԭУڣһΣһ󣬵ڶ

ڵһοڣʱȥڣ·ϣħrɱ׹ɽġ

أ
عͷΪڣϢᴫﵽ

¹ɱԭԭвδѲµ˹⽫й¶ħڡȻħɲܳţ׼ɱˡ

ʦ㡭
żˡ

ȷʵ˵ϢģõϢ׼ڴ֪
֪޵ıԣƻδȬƵصʱȥĽڣ

ûʲôؿúץӷεؽ˺ܾ֮󣬲˵
ʦãЩˡ

һ
ɴ⣬֮󣬾뿪ʽ塣

ժ˴̨ס翴ʶ۵ߣʣ磬ȥȥڣ
һֻʮΣ滹Ǿý˹ֿϧġ

ȥ
ǺϲɲʶۣԼȽҪˡ

ߵߣƿ¡
ûаӣͻȻסڴ̨ϵꡣ



ո뿪ʽ岻ãյķɸš
ϸ˼ãĽڣѡн䱸ɭϣףʦ


ոջһҪܡӡתۼæλʽСͽܵʲô

Ȼﲻˬǵð

ھ˸Ϊʱڴʱ뿪ȥȡûʲô
ΪħʥŮôҲðһŶԡ

ŵʦˡ



ҹºڷߡ
紩ҹ£Ϣ뿪˷䣬׼ʽɽ

磬㲻˵ȥȡ𣿡
ժһɽһЦص٩ʹ󷽳ϰɣһڣıӡ

磺ĸ㲻һ

ժԴǵ˵磬㲻ҪٽƱˣǸޣвӵģ


ɴˡ
룺аɣ˾ͺá

Ѳߵӹȥˣˡ
ժǳֹ鳳֣кúõذ·

˵ͷ˷صС·ȥûͿĲ֮һɫӰ

ժǣʦ֡

磺
ҹģһﲻķС죬

ڴʱһǳɫӰ˽СӣʱʱصͷڻĲѰʲô



̧ͷʶۣһ

磺
װûͦ

ɪţ̵˵⡢ʦ֣˵ʽ帽ĲݶһΪġҩݣƣʦϲƣҾһ㡣
һֱҲҲ֪ʹ磬ʽˣʦֲҪ֡

ժǣûᣬߡ

û˼ȥʶ۵ķӦ
Ͻô˻ͷѹ壬ӻĲȥˡ

ԶԶ˱
ʦ֣֪ҩܴһ𣿡



ԽԽԶһ뿪ʽ塣
ժһ߸һʮֺ棬ʱʱػͷȥ

ʶۻȥҩ𣿡ժǵôƯʶۻһɣ
һժֵӦòᡣ

ժ߶߶˵ţ
ǰʱ򣬵ķиòһɫȻ㻹ǲ㡣Ǯ֪޶Ǯ
˵ĽʶѾãǷԸͬá

ʱʦһŮֻӰҰνٶȵӡ治ǽޣӾֻн

磺
㵽ôԲģ
ĸʦʦôҥԺͻӣ

ʶǻòؾܾǸޣȻҲǡ޵Ľһֻʽ顣

һժߣʵŤȫȻ֪ģһߴʽС·ɽɸĺɽ

ɸűͼɽһ󷨱ĵطԳΪɸ·

磺
ǲɽɸħʥŮŽɸ󼸸£˸ͽܼ죿ͰɸĲȫˡ

Ҫȥ󷨱֮ء
̧ͷһԼȥ·Ÿˡ

Ű£ڷڣһסһ̴ͨĽĽʱҪµöࡣ

ʶۣ
ժǴ󾪣
ողǻʽ棬ʦ˵ôһӾܵˣ

򴽡
ǰʶɣոʽ忴Ҳǡ

ӦǾܾ

̶̵ʱʶѾȥ·ϣֻ֤һ¡
ҹΪɽ

磬ʽȥ
ʶۿԼСʦã䵭״ʺʺǰڣ

µ꽣εӰֻȻһ
·ϣȴ˾ã·ϷأǧҲѴߡ

Цһ˵أ

΢ҹ磬һ˲

̧֣֦С
ҪҰν𣬴ʦ֣




5.  Ե   ʲô޲ҪǮˣ

ǡ
ʶô

һûн˱Ƚ統ǰ˴ʺ϶ζٺãҲһ

ɵҹΪ֦ΪֽģǱѰĽ͵ʱĴ𰸲ôᶨˡ
Ǹޡ
óͳ⽣жôǿ

ʶʵʲô

ԴĽ֦ûɣҲû֡
糯Цһ£ֵȤˣ

ʶ۳Ĭԡ

ʣʦ֣ڴ׽ɵһ𣿡

ѭѭյΪɽΪܽ׽ʹҪһҵģϲϵĽ

ҹĺɽܽһ̣Щӵʶ۶ȥˡĶУֻʣǰĽޣͽ޵Ļ

ҹµģûнģ̫Ľޣһ֦Լ
ʦ֣һԼɡ

ѰҵĽ׽ΪҲ׷㡣
Ǿһµһ

ǰЩ࣬ʶȴûʲôԼĻش
á

Ϊÿ·
ŮȥıӰ룺һޣûһѺʵĽδ̫ϧ



磬Ҫ׻ǡ
磬Ҫ֣ڵġ
硭

е㷳˵ժǣǸ飬Ǹ

ҾԡժƮһ̯λԣ˵̸⿴ܲɣ


Ǯ˰̸⡣

ժѾ뿪ɽɸգڶٺһƽǵС
ƽɷ꼯ֵĺܡŲĽڣӻԶ֮·;ֿɴ;ƽǶٳ

ժҧ̸
磬ѵһƽǣ㲻ȥ߼𣿡

ĸ߼ң
練Ӧ˰ΣҲû

ժѵװ
磺

ڶ޵¼ңͨ¡¼汲Ƕǰеš

ժ˵ƽǸ߼ң¼ףҲǶѵһģ¼ȵĸ˼ҡ
߼һиӣ£õ˸ɴΪ˶ס

ҡҡͷ
ȷʵйԼʱػɵ˺һѰһ޹ءԵԶϣԼԽ⡣

˵ЩһԼˡ
һǰ£߼ټ棬ЩΣԻǱȥˡ

˵ûͦġ
ժ롣
ϸֺѰֱһڹ

ͣ˽Ų
ǰ֪ʲô£ӵһʱ̹ȥ

ժƮ˹ȥַ˻ʵϣֻЦ
磬µȥ߼һˡ

磺

ǰƽǵĹʾ壬ϷŸʾ˵
߼ү˼ģʱȻԵأ߲ѣа߼иʾʿΪүаǧԴ˸ʾΪ֤

̾˿
мǰȥ

Ÿոøʾĸ߹»ûü߳·ֱȺӵ˻
˺¸ʾˡ

һŰµŮޣᣬȴ˲ðֻǻɬеĕi٣ø߹¾Щ죬

ŮŸʾüۼӯǳЦ⣬Ը߹µ
ɢ࣬·ƽԸε



Ÿ߹̤˸߼ҵԺӡ

һǡ
̧ͷ֦ҶïڱգĿһƬ׵ǳƣԡ

ʣʱˣӦлĻôţ

ɳ֪ƽһ¡
߹渵

ƽилǡ
ǰħڴ˳ֻ죬տʹݡһ·ƽǣħһûԻħѹӡ
ƽǰհԣֲ֡ƽǵĴС·ʱܼϸǳСż崼Ļ㡣

߹µ
ǿĹŻֲԺСŻ飬ȻȱĻһЩ

˵ͷ
ǵãԼʱΪعŻѵᡣ

ժǸߵ
ŻǼңħҲǼҡ˼£᲻ħйذ

⵹Ǻпܡ
롣

ɽɸһÿһ꣬Ҫ޷ӡƽûˣħֻҪûôҲˡ

Ÿ߹½á
ү͸߷˶ڣҲ֪´ˣǳ˵òǲϡ

⻹ˡ
һǴź£ȵ꣬üΣǱߵˡ
һһЩ£ʣҲʿ

߼ڸ˸ʾλҲŸʾѰġ

޾֮ӡĴƽʱù̲պÿʾд£Ѱˡ

磺
ô˼ΪǮ˵˹ûʡ

ֱף
ҽнǸޡ

磺

λҲΪǮġ
֮

˵ڲལɣȫɽɵɣýҲɷҽҩѵȸծһѡ
ǼҵĵӣŵĵһξǱٹȣʦûǳԡ


˶

ֻҪүܺ߼Ҷл
߼λӦԵôݡ

ʵ
үʲôҿɷǰ̽

үڷ˯š
߹µλɳɡ

˵ͷү͸߷ҲŲһȺһͬǰүԷ
ԷڹŻԣһ·ϴݳȣĻζˡ

үϻ˯ţ΢ɫ԰ףüĺ¶һĨ࣬ͷѰ˸ΪЩ

Ϊ̽ҡͷҡҡ׹

⻰һү͸߷˾͡ˡһˡаǾؿŽ
ɳȾҶ

ҡҡͷǸ
彣˸߼˵ˡ

磺
ʲô޲ҪǮˣ

ֿүǱߡ
ժƮڴߣָڸ˼ĵüġƽİ飬ѵ֮ɫ
磬㲻ܾ

ĬƬ̡

һͬǰĺҡҡеȣƵ˵
ү߷ˡү޿ɾҩޣʶط

߼¶Σ
һһԡ

Ψһĺү͸߷ȻǲһУæɳ˵

Ҫڣ

š
ֹ
棬޿ɾҩڡðʲôط֮ǰķΣ

ժǣ磡

Ÿβѩһſӵĺ¶һ˿Ц⡣
ʣķ

еɽˮӣ棬ִЩŪ
кηָ̡


ժֹˡ

ⱲӶǫ顱д
ͷðҾָָ㣬ʱ׸




6.  ն   ֮ĺ

˼
̫˼ˡ

ѾܾûˡŮ޶ֻʢ֪ΪҲ¡

үһߣ໹Գųա
󷽵
ͽǰգصνġķΣ

ǱԵظ
ֻҪһա

ȣЦãô𣬵մʱүͽصˡ

ԼһƬ֮µġ
ү͸߷ˣΪǶӵģŵüҪʹȥ߹æסүͷˡ
Ψ;ذѸүܵ˶ϣΪⳡԼ˽ޡ



ȡɰīԷддʼմүĶͷдݳķģһ·Ŵ£ڵ֯ߡ
ձʱүԷͼеһ֡

û⣬ڲзؼһģһ
ժ󷨡
磬ܳס𣿡

еΣֱӿү齱ߣŵˡ

ɽɸʱ˶վûվ࣬û࣬ûͷһ㽣޵ӶûУʽ嶪ˡ
ʽķǲ̫⣬˵ֻҪýʱн޵Ӿˡ

ԥƬ̣
Ӧܡ

Ϧ䣬ɫذˡ
续е㹻ɰĺīϣһγɵĽߡ
۸ӣ֯ɾ޴ڷз۵۵ײ

룬һųĻɢħס⣬ˮʱ졣

ħ
ժΧתȦ
ѾˣûʲôвܷŽ¯ˮ

Ϊˡ

ָ󷨡
ħ϶ʱֳһɫߣڽħϵسߡߵһˣ˻˯ĸүϡ

Ÿүķ֣
磬ɽɸʽӣػ֮ͽóȻãǰһ


ħ绰еĳ˷Ӧʱʼ

ԺеĻ֦ҡҷǳƵĻƮ䣬ѩһһڵϻ˱һ㡣
£ܵӿڸүϣֳһΡ

Ļº
ϸĻƮţƮ˸үϡ漴һ͸ġˡӰӸүˡ

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ڸүĶ
Ż֮顣

ŻԱꡣħĹ£Ż𽥿ԡ
ϧʱ˥ϣԼ֮ǰ޳ˡ

絹Ǻһ㡣
ˣදﶼˣ츳ޣ޷˥֮ǰгɡ
Ѿ˽ڵʿΪ޷ͻԪӤڣò޵˥

Żȡħ٣ŵõĸ١ħҲҪˣѰ֮

ĳһա
Ż˸ү˵ĶԻ

˼ģ˵ɳ߼ң˵ɵ츳֮Ϊξܾˣ
ѣ˽۳ϡȴã£ӵһУԻһһ룬֮·δڹ¼š

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֮

Ż˼ڸүҪ壬ȥǹ¼ŵĳ֮

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񿴵ǰˣҲһ£罣һʡ
Ǹˣƺǽػ

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ʲôʦ𣿡

˿Ҳף
ǰ뿪塣

۾ΣʵҺòײŵõƾʲôҷأ

βףҲġ

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˵ߣطء

Դû¶ֵľ£
ǹŻ֮飬ħꡣɱңҵ֮Ǵħȴδ¸գΪƽǡ
ػ֮ͽɡֻһٷˣֻߣٻʮꣻϣǳĺ綼ûʲôͬ͵ǰ

黰δ䡣
һѾӲϳأ

һӳתͷͷɳԷ
լԺǿѪϻԥִϣ

ȻϻǱѵصĽ֮У쭳Ѫ

ɫ䣬¡
ɫƲд£¡¡

綯δͣ
գۼ䣬»ƬһƬɵѪУҵһűɫƵĻ棬һ̴

ժǣ
ĺ黯һ⣬˽ϡֻһ˲䣬ǰѽͱѺۣ

ɽħ֮

ƽǣػֻ跨ӡ޷ɱħ
ʹ˻ţ

¡¡
µɫףҲڴʱ£
ڰҰ׹Уš棬ħԼ

Ƭ֮󣬺ֹЪ

լԺһƬڴꡣ
ħͻʧ
ΨһŶϽŮУѪܵĺ£ͬޡ



߼Уҹδߵĸү͸߷ˣ֮󣬾͸æ˳ȥ
վľһͬĿ׽¡

üͷ΢壬
ĹŻ顭֮ǿ湻ġˣչС㡣

̧֣ɫӥϡдõӥϣֱ̧ۣŷɳȥ

д˵ˣδȻƽڲҲضΪˣȷѪꡣ
һ˵ţһ߼Ҵլſڡ

ڵĿҹɫͣǰ

߰գȥ
סⲻƽĺҹﲻ



ҡҡλεվסˡ
һ߼լۡΪħ׶ȼĻϨ𡣶ƣ̧ۣεժǡ
꾭ףɸɾʣƺ֮ǰһЩ״̬Ҳˡ

ժǶ˼뿪ʱѾһ顣

ģûвˡլӱƻ̫ˣµûǮޡ
С
ժʿˮΪǿаγ飬˼ҲӰ졣֮ǰһϢֻʣ֪оȲȵĻ

磺

ժ
ҪȻ㻹·ɣǻģүҪҲҲˡ

磺
Сӣɱ·˼ѧģҪð

ϽܽǬһƿĵ˼ι
ĵȥҡҪٿڸ˼ĺ²ȥֻһ˵ˡ

ɸ鵤ܿЧˡ
Ѿõüͷһجεģ

ΣԺ۾
ŰŮޣ૵硭

ժ𾪵
ⶼϳʮû˰ɣ

˼ĸժǡ
ӳƮڰյģƯĲӰ
˭




7.     ֯

ɽɸ
һֻӥɸϣ¥󡣴ǳɫŮֱۣȵϡ

ӥժֽչ
ħʧ

һ

µһػħʧħڲòϢꡣòװҪħܹʼ
ħrǰƽΪħƷ⣬˳׽ĹŻ飬Ϊħá

ħڶãħ²ʧ
û뵽ľĽ

ҧ
˭ģ֮䣬˭ͣ



ƽǣ߼ҡ

ժǿɫ԰׵ĸ˼ģһд˾ȡ
ܿң
ѽǰġ

ժǴս˸˼ģתȦ귢֣ү˫̫۾Ȼ׷Ӱת

˼ľͿҪˡ
ǡժǣ

Ϊ飬Ȼ֪иС顱ġ

겻ֱӷɻѪŮߣʣ磬ô£

ô֪
Ǭ˿Ӳ

Ĳ֪

ļԭʶ;Уûдүʲô칦ܡ
˼УֻСƽǵĸүŻһ仰дǸƽƽ桢洦ɼıˡ

˼ģ˼ġ
߷˸ϵˣ˼ѣǿЦرס˶ӣȫﻹôѪĴˡ

վڲԶĸӶˣ¶һĵЦ



߼ǿŻˣԺҲΪ׻ջˣƬƬĽɹݡ
ƽǵ˶ʣܸо˼һӣǶһ

ϴ˸裬һѡ
ֲԣͷԼ֣˺۵΢渡
ת

ժǼ֮˵
㲻ҪˣŸˣԼľϡ

ժǣҾԼЩ仯ž֮ӿ
ǵײδϵˣڵľˣҲʤǰˡ

ժǣ

Һˡ


ժǵɴ۾
ļٵģ

ħ֮ʱϰڣδ̤ħһءȷҵȷһ㣬ԪӤˡ

ժǾȵ
ܽ

ǳˣʱȻȰСĽûгʲô⡣
ժǵԻ·һֱ˲̫һ

ͷǻɽɸȥͷӵ̨ϣǧ˰ٵģǿĴˡ

磺
׷ԡ

ժЦʱһӰˡ

Ƽˣк
´·ˣ

ԼγŻʱ̫̫ݣѸ˼ĺ¶ʮǸΣʱҲһЩ

˼ĵͷ
磬ƺкܶ໰˵Щװ˶ڵֻп׻
ҡ

˼䡣
֪үҪ磬ƽһл߷Ǹһ̵һ߱Թ
⺢ӡ·ƽǻҪ˼ϳҪд֣

磺
¶̫ˡ

æȥλˡ

ԶԶ׺߶ţ
磬ҪҲͦõģ˵˵ʱ˽ҵһͬдϣҲй͵ġ

졣
Ů޿̡

˼ĿıӰ
ʹǰһˡ

ǺʹǰһǺ˶һһ£ڷڣ⣬͸ؼһ޶ıºⷲеˡ
ҲȷǷеˡ
˼ԼѾǲһˡ



Ȱ˵ү͸߷޹ֻܴ֮ժǣҹӳƽǸ߼ҡ

ɳɽɸӣҲ˺Ųǰһ˸աû׷磬ֻƽǷ鴫ݻɸּ׷ȥ

˵ƽǸ߼֮²Ȼŭ
Աд鼮ΪΪаһеķ̲ģ
аʱ˴ֱֱӣǽίȥаΪڴֱаУǻʲôԳ

ҽ˵ĸֱף
ҽλʱܹ˻״ֱӿһҩ𣿡

˿Σ鱾һˤ
УðգǵĸĸǣɽɸǣΪȥ

֮֮٣˸׵סˡá֮⣬ûаֵÿ佱ĵط



ԭų̾ͲΪߵúͷһټ˵ãһ·Ӳûɽɸĵ׷ϡ

ƽǺ뿪ޣݵĵ̡

ʶ;ߺͼֵúǼ򵥣һŸֱ֣Ƕϱжϱݡ
ɽɸλڶ󲿷ڶޣڱħںͽڣޡ

ݵĵرԽﲻࡣ
ֻεϼңءһ磬߶߶

ԭУϿձħrɱɽ֣Ϊ

ȻǾݡ
ڿܹ飬ֱƿ෢ص㣬ҲûϷɣֹԼѡ

һ·ȥ·ͬĿĵĽޣڽڣϢҲԽԽࡣ
ַϰǣҲںȾƳԷʱڣ̸ʡ

˵𣿲Ľڣ֮Уһ񽣡

ĺһ˲

֪ôһѽġ
ѽ磬Ǻպ˾֪Ĵ˵

˵ǰĽɵʦڽӽ֮ʣиУժǳھ֮
ڽ֮󣬾ͷڽڣ֮Уȴǰ
õĽеĽ޶ҪǣΪֹû˵õ

ĽڣʮΡ
뽣ڣѡˣûһˣڽȥ

ܾܶˣλʦλɽɸػ֮һ
ǳпػܾʲôʿʸõأ

µ̾Ϣ
˶˵ѽԶҲˡ

ˡ
롣

ԭʶ;ľУĽڣΡڶοڣʱ뽣ڣõѾ֮

磺
ģ
ԿǮһѣ伸ѣ

á
ûǧΪ޷ȻҲȥĽڣȡǿн޶Ľ񽣣ԶС

뵽鲻
˲¥ڴߵλþ˶ţһ׾ơ

Ÿվٱ˽е
ĺͳһԤԣ

ժǳŴӲ¥黨˵
ŶǸԳܲϱˮǵɡ

һԵֵġ

ػںܾ֮ǰͽ뻯ˡڵʿһǷһɽˮ֮ؾչ֤
֮ʿǲȥһӣְֵؽġ

ʮǰػŵӡ
˵ػ¼Ϊͽ֮ǰ˺üĿ͡

Ȼػû˶ڲ²⣬ػΪͽƲĹϵ

ʲôԤ԰
ô󶯾ȻҪѸĺ




8.  Ԥ   ֮

ƣĽڣǿ񽣵ˣˣ

һھǺ˺

񽣵˭
֪û˵
߶߶Ĳʦôˣ˵ֻ˵أθڵòϲ¡

Χڼ

ȣȿȡ
Ǻͨ죬۽Ƕһ˿Ứ

⵽Ϊʲô
ûΪɵľӦòῪʼŶԣΪʲôԭԤԣ



ԤԷųĺΪ֮񵴡˶ڲ²⣬񽣵˻˭Ϊǣһ𰸡

䲻ȵؽӴЩˣһ޷κĻش
ȲĽڣˣԵá

·ǡ
ԭҲȥһʣôˣҲʹ뷨

ժǵػǧӽã˵ػ֮ͽ˵㲻ͬأ

ʦ˵ʱҪ֮Ѱ㣬öˡ
˶٣
Ҳúܶˡ

Ϊݽ̵ػĸͽܣһһģöϺв׼ȷ
Ҳ֪⵽»ǻ¡

ժǻ˵Щʲô

߰գһ䣬ٳߡǰһ棬ʣ𣿡

ԣժ̱ˡ



һƿһ
վڽֱߣߺȵۼĲ¥õķ˺᷿ҪһƷǷζۼҾͶˣ

Ŷ
ǣһƥĺͣ˲ӡ

ǰһæ͹٣ס껹ǳԷ

Цʵ
Ĳ¥ӦϢɣ

˵꣬Ʊʹȡһöšֵƣ
ٸ⣬һ򻨲衣

Ƽƣ⻰ʮֻ̿֡
Ӳ¥ﺰһĺǺǣȥ¥Լкž¥ߡ

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нһֽ¥ƹΪõġ㡱

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ɽɸʽ࣬硣ལɺκ㣬Ԭɢ޽ء

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ϸϸ׷Щ˾ȻǽޣҶԸȥҪĽڣȡ

δȻһӥһ̣һֻɫӥ˴ϡ

ӥժֽչ
ǰƽǸ߼ң϶ħ֮ˣǻ硣
Ԥԣ֮ӦǸӦ֮пܵѡؾɱ֮
ѡˣལɺκ㡢Ԭɢ޽ءһ

ֽ⿴ȥŮ޴ʱþ¥£ڶĸ֡
ʥŮϢͨ

Ƶģϲŭ



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ǻѪ壬ҵͽҺˡǣǳ󣬴ֻħڳѪԵ֮ûκιϵ

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ħ֮ѪħԱ񣬾δԺҲҪΪģ

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ָɳһ磬סʿĽ

翴Ŷˣȷŵǲʿ

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Ԭ

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Ů޽Ųһգ֮䣬ѱ任ǰ˫ֱָָĺκѹƵÿҪ

Ԭʦ֣



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ڴ̨ϵָֻ֣ŪһűҶƬǸոԴߵժµġ

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ֻҪȥǱߵİŮѪ
ǣȴҶƬǰһ֡



ˮ֮ʣһȡ
ס֣

źڰ۵ĵǷִĽǷֿ

Ϊ׵ӣԽ˵
ǳȻã˵ȲֲáȻΪУ

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ħںѾãˣǧħڴȥַɡ

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ΪΣ¾˭Ĺڴ֮øգһط

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ɻûͱĵסˡ

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ͷ
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˵ôô֪£ǲʦ֪Ҳ̫˰ɣ

ӵ
ˮпʦ;ǣҪһʦ󡣡




9.  ǧ   ֮

Ǳ߽ɽУɻģڵЩϵ·ÿһµͬ죬ܼ
ߵƣֱ춥糣дԣ˵ҹĶˣժǳ

ʦãϵĹ̨㡣
ӽ͵ǰͣסŲǰˡǸԼҵӶĵط

лС
էһȥпյģֻڱϣϵ¥ݡ

¥ݡ
ŲŸո̤ϣ͸оСһɺӭҪ¥Ͼߣͳ¥

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ʲô
¥ֿ赲ǧʦĺ

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סΣһһ̨ͨ¥ݡûժǵĽ

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ͣ¥ݵ·һǰƮͱεһԭء
żϲȥ

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ժǸǳİ飬һ󷨺ͷ
ɽɸ󵽴󷨡ŸؼĽأ󷨸һһ㡣ͨһ¾ͻҷժȴܹΪ硣

û뵽󷨣Ȼܵס
Ϊĵط

Ұɡ

ժǲԸ⣬޿κΣֻһ㡣

Ц
ɣһʧժǵҰ֮С



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ǰһ޴ľӣڻطţԽָвκĻ档

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˱ˣˣ֢Ҫˡ

һ
ǧʦ塣

ǰˣǧӡ
ػ鲻ˮƽҲ൱ػµһˣΪѵǧӣǱΪɲ֮ˡ
ԭδħսУħƷɽɸȴҶֺΪǧڡԿԤ֪δĲ֪ǳĴڣħrҪ֡

Щš

ԭ飬ӦûмǧӣѾ˲Ŷԡ
ڣȴп֪ͱ룬վ˹̨ϡ

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۾ɫģɫǳ˻᲻Ծһ⡣

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ΪлԸһݴ𰸡

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ĶǴ𰸡ˣ㾡Ƹȥһ⣬
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Ĵ𰸲ѡ

ȴûлش𣺡ʦֶص·ǣֻΪ⣿

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Գ֪£ǧ֪·ҲȡǧӺܿ·ԭ

Ĭ˰Σʵ
ǧʦ壬ҵħν⣿



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ӦʦΪ⡣

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㵽ʲô

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ˡ

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޸ˣУѶȿȵժǳ

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Щô򣬽ѧȴΪ

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Ψһ£ػ͸߹

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ׯص
á



ǧӳ̸֮ʱ
ǵǳħѪ־磬ҲĵĻ

ӽལɵĺκͺԬ˳⣬
ѾǸΪ䭵ĻѪؼδħйǣû¶ˡ

κִ
ħѪͳû⣬ԺҲҪµġ

ϴЦǿ֮ȴѾ˽ߣ
ԻᴦλƺҪĽڣȡĪҪСµʱ

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κͺԬһнӻԼ彣ͷҲصˡ

ĿͲལɵĶʧ
Ӳ䭺ףոϴ϶ĸӶ˽
ҵԵ뿪֮ǰλŮԣ˶ԻѪƫ뿪ǣѰһʶǵĵط

䭾þóĬ
ȷӦӵл

뿪֮󣬸æסӣǵǵ
䭣ǲŻˣƽദʱôôǣһ㷴ӦҲûУ

ֱ˻ϼĴֲ˫ס䭲̵ؿˣ
ûŻ

ֻ롭
䭿ŲԶֵǣ۽ȣ
ħѪǴǻѪ𣿡



κԬһһ߱Թţ
ǲʶôҶ˺Ϊǽ鷳ǲлǣǸϳǡ

£ǹ˶꣬ػ
ԬȰ
ʦֺαΪ

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ţ߹˶ʮɽ·һϡ˵ĻĽҰûгŴĴ򣬶ɺҪԼ취

ҹɡ
κһ󽣷磬ںӱɨ˿ʯͷңҪʯͷϢȻоһѰϢ
˭

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ǳ̶Ƭ̼䣬úκͺԬʧֻϡ߳һɫӰӣƺǸµˡ

κ㾯ʵ
·ʲô

Ц᣺
λ²¿ʲô



δйų̱ʿöࡣ
ͬߣκͺԬ̼ܵĵطҪʱ

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˵˵ţżҹɽζǺˮ̦ϢѪȡ

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䭲Ծ촽̿סԼıܡ

ѭźϿȥ

ǡ
䭿֮ɫ԰׵ص˵ϡ

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ǳˮµϴžֵı飬ŤĲϲһ˿ڣѪʳˮ˳ˮƯ¡

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ϸǵţƺǰｫ׽סҧŵɵӡ

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ħr



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û°ɣûȱǰɣ˵۸رߣûʲôøĶȥɣ

˵
ûУ׬ˡ

ժǣ׬ʲô

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㵽׬ʲô㵹˵ôһ󣬾ͺЩʦһ˵ֻ˵һˣ

𴽽ǣЦ
ժǡ

ժǲ𻰣Ʈǰؿ

Ƣ֣
ǽŸ·ɣȥޡ

Ϊһϲڽİ飬һ޵Ļ⣬ժ̾Ͳˡ
ʣ֮˭ûȥȡİѽҰǿһģҪÿģҿɲԸ⸽

磺
ժǣҪȥǽڣѡǽҤͷƣ鷳һ



޲Ǹõط
ħռ˴̣ϻռС̡˫ϵã㣬ңȥûиͷ
޵ޣֻҪҶպˮһɨ˫ĿܿĺħԼϻаʱа

Ҳôá

·Ͼһ˵ĺϻʿ˸ľּ֮ƤãҪ
ӣҸ㵱һ¯ͨΪЧܺõģ

磺




10.  ϻ   Ըҵ㣡

Ӽʮ꣬ûۼôֵıʽ

ʲô
֮

ֻľܾ


ûϵԿֻܾΪ㲻֪ζ
ʿһ˵ţһЦ
˺ϻζǲҲ

磺
û볢

ǺϻɵʵȰԼָŻһ
ӣҺϻɵŹˣįˣԿһ⹦ԲɽɸĽ

ϰĽ磺

ⶼʲô˰
ժŹп

磺˵׼飬ժǣ

ʲôϵ
ժǻ벻˦˦ϵ鱾
磬Ҳ̫˰ɡ֪֪ɵĲűʮҲʮ飿


סڰ
Ҫƻɽɸ



֮ڵִǡĽڣֻһ֮ҲǽڣΨһĳǳء

£ʮ֡
ڣˣǡԤԣĺ֮ڣȡģ뿴ֵģͼˣǡ

Ҳǡ

ںϻɵΧ
ϻ˵ſڣʿһһǼǣǼǹͳв¥ĲƱƾƱһײ衣
ÿͣʵǹơǼᣬֹʿǣڳ¶ˡ

Ǽǹʵ
ɽɸൽ𣿡

ϻɵĵӷ˷ᣬ
δӿʦֵʱǻ֪

Ǭɫƣһͬһѩ׵һ𣬽ŵСӡ

ʦʱͷСֵܽöƽ

ػƳķ
һΧڵʱ򣬿Ը֪˴˵λãҲԴһЩѶϢ

ϻɵСӼϲЦտ
һõؽɳϣİɡ

˵ͷǡ

ժǸʵ
಻ദǶ˵̫֣𣿡
㲻ȥǶ԰Ľڣؾſڵ

ʦ֡
֮ǰ뿪ɽɸٳգʦűϵڣϢӦѾ봫Ѷ֪
ûѰԼıνڣӦûѰ

ڽڣ֮ǰ͡

ժ˵
ǵ࣬治ʲô׵ѡ

ĻѪ
䭸Ӳң޷֮СһԺ޷Էڵ֣ƾ˭һۿ塣

ûվʧȥĸıӻ
ػʱһ񱧵ӱߣҪӽػ̣´ɸΪࡣ

ɵɽɸҲù
ɸڵĵӽܲѪͳּڻԵɺ³Ϊػӵġ˶顣
Ȼػ֮ǲᶯ֣Ͱٲ˵ġ

Ļﳤ
ԱԺۺͶڸòȺ˾ͻߡ

ժ˵
ǹˣֱܿܲȥڣڣǸõѡ񣬿Ա˿ա

ҡҡͷ
һ

ժֵ
ƾʲôô϶

磺
Ϊž籾

ԭʶ;֪֮һ

ΪѪɳбĻ尾ţһһյأ˶ʹڴ
ڵ֪Լ֮ԥط˱壬Ϊͬ߱λΪʡ

ΪսַɵȷѪ֮С

ֱνɱⳡٻڽ

磺
ΪʲôҺʦǣһһģĵʯ;
ʦǷǮ

ǵã
ԭ֮УڵһοڣʱԵס
Ե࣬ϳһѪͳʣع壬˺߱λսľ顣

磺

Ϊʦãһ˵ͽܣԲľ鷢
ԣҪǾԵףɵԭ飬ʦ֡



ǵĲ¥һȺ˴٩٩̸

ɽɸӣػͽܣҲ˲ٽޡοڣȺӢ͡

ɽɸǡ

ػͽ࣬ͽ磬ǽ֮еٮٮߡҿ˵֮֮С

˵Цˣпܣ࣬ȴǸԵ֮ˡ

ΪΣ

ĻѪ䱻ػӱݼɽɸϰȴΪѪһа֮񽣱Ͼ񽣣ǾԲΪġ

ҿɴδѡòǵһԸĲ²ɣ

˼Ϲ𣿡

Щ˵˾ƣȵЩˡ̸ʱִһʣԽزƣҪ

ǽ֮ʡ
һϵŽ˹ڳѰЩ£ԼԼһơ
ˢˢؿãȻ˭ΪʲôͻȻ߹ǵľƣ

λո˵֮£ɷ˵һЩ
½޴ЩƵһЩӣϡ۽ǳ˳飬Щʹ
һľǮ

նʱ
˵С˽ʲô

λո˵࣬һ顣

ϵʿЩȣ
ػ֮ͽǱܷĻѪͦģСѲ˽𣿡

½ҡҡͷ
ҽнǸӱɢޡǵطƣһϢʮֱ

ʿǶȵЩߣʱҲ˼ƽϣϢ֮ĽޣΪֻ̽Ѱ֮£ѯʸпܶ񽣵硣

žƺ٩٩̸
డ뱱ЩԨԴ˵ػ꣬ڱ



ѰԵ֮ǰ
جȴǣע

ལŵ״ӣκ㣬ԬʮĻɽħrɱʧ

ʮûԶɣħҪǧӽа𣿡

磺

ժǺ
磬ʲô

ĵҺ¡

ལɵǷҲͱգߵĻͬһ
̣ҲͲѡ

̫ڵĽʱҲħޣˣ־Ѷϣˡ
罣Ҳǣħޣ𵤱ڣȫħ٣Ⱳֻܵˡ


İ
ħʲôôػûأ

ħȻں£ݷ꣬òװػҪˣҪһλ֮ԤһħڵȻ᲻ɱޣֹ֮

ħδСȡĽΪߵҲԪӤڡٷҲܰΪθһ󾳽絽ڣħΪаɣ

磺
е̫Сˡ

ԭεõ֮󣬵ԪӤͻƵ񣬿ױħrħӡ˽ڣ
ҲС治񽣣⻷ϾѰͻƺͿ缶ˣǵ

Ǻϻɵĵ߳ѹʿǵĵǣ
ɳǲصģҺϻ֮أɳһգɱӻɳһգħ޴λ

ϻе
ǰ治ţ

͵Ļһʱ䲻ڶ

ժΧ˰ΣƮ߿ˣ
ôˣϻɵסħ𣿡

磺
һϹʲôʵ

δü²ۣȻԼɢɫâҳԴһڳŴѰ˵İơ

ʦˣ
ժǾ磬ò󣬾ͱͬı˰ɣ

磺
ὲԱ졣



ص˳Ŵ
׾ֵȺУҵһߡ

˴ź£ͷϴŶңԺɴ档һڴǳɫʿĺϻɵ֮Уʮۡ
ʱڳŴǼᣬɴÿ¶ò֤Լݡ

ʦ֣

ŶҺɴ̧ͷ

һüٶƯýŲ۵ĵģұӣкµ
ݣͬѰټѹڶ£Ӳʾ˵һ׺
ЩǱİ׺峣

ʦ֣ࡣ
Ϊ壬δаѪıʡ

Сʦá
磬¶һǳЦݡ
ɾƾǳҲżΪޕiЧ

ϻɵĵǼǵӱֳۣϵǽǣ
ɳ㲻ҺϻɰɣƤôãһܳġ

ߵһںϻŮ޵ķӦ
ɳ˺ϻɣԸҵ㣡

һŮ޼˹
ɳʮɵĵرɣԸΪҵĵ£ЩȫС




11.  Ѫ   ˳úÿ֮ûŵ㡣


û
Щϻɵӿץ׼˽޵㣬ôǮ֪Ŷˡ

ҪȻ˻Ǯɣ
ͬʱֹص壬ϸ͵ĺӵãһá

ͷԷ籩ʱ

Ѿ˶ϵĺɴһźۼرܿ˺ϻɵӵ
̬һº룺
лλĺ⣬ɽɸʦʦֺʦãҷŲǡ

пŮ޵
ʲôϵ˺ϻɣʦʦʦҲڡ

ЩΡ

Σѹش
йϵ
ѳ˺ϻɣǻʧġ

ʦá
࿴վڲԶ硣
СָԣҲǳδۡЩˣһǳ͵ִ

Ǽǡ
Űƣ磺
ʦã߰ɡ


˼Űܴٺô磬ͻȻ˼ãȻؿࡣ
Ŷáʦ֣ǰи¥ܲǵȥȱɣ

˵꣬תͷŲ¥ķˡ

ࣺ
ôоʦЩԾ



ڲ¥Ķ¥õСһƣһ裬һЩĺСˡ

ߣЩĵ
˵֮еӴһܣ㡭

һ֧ɵ
°ʦ㲻Ҫ̫һ¡ԭиõĽҾܣԲŶ֡ԼĴǣҡ

໹˵Щʲô

ɿĻ
ʦûзңʦûйңСʦҲû׷¡ûܵκˣʦֺαؽ·ϣ񣿡

ΪΣ㰡

ѲǵһΪɸ¡

ǵãʦСʦôɸ󲻾ãΪһܡѧִͿʼܣһˡ
Сʦôܺվʦʦǰʮ־ǿض죬첻ϴģ
Ҳ޷ȴ

ǰСʦã룬ڳˣΪˣΪܶˡ

ûԼʦֵ˼

ľƣһڣʮֲʵ۾ͷԹ
Ǻڡ

εЦˣ˱˵
޵ľƶġ

Žӹ豭硣
ʦõΪ־ˣ

ͷѾԪӤˡ

һ
֮ǰʦŵ봫У˵ʱħ߻ħף˴βڿӦѾ

࿴˿Լģ˵ͬʱЩź

ʦĸͽܣʦѾԪӤڴԲʦҲѵԪӤڣСʦҲͻƵԪӤڡ
ΨͣڽڣΪѪа֮ӣڽᵤ֮ΪҲûд

˱˵Ļ
Ϊһ㣬㲻ܼĹҪص壬ȥѰʺķʽ

ĬάֵЩá

ܲգ˻⣺
ʦ֣С꣬ʲôȤļ𣿡

࿪ڵеģҡ

δ˵ڣͼһ꽣ޣžƺˡ
ʮֱ׵
ǾɽɸǶʦã

ü
޻ңƺҲôǰħĴɱޡ
ѯݵˣ˵ġ

Щ죺


ࣺʶ

ҡҡͷ
ֻڶƽǵĸ߼ңйһ֮Ե

ʱƽǣ˸ʾȥ߼аģڹˡ
ΪǸоıֵùаעȫϣڶûʲôֵģнļһӡʮǳ

ˡ

Ҳǽޣ
࿴һ۽ĽʵʦӺɣ

ӦԵ
һɢޣɡ

ͬʱԼžߵо¶ͷǣʶѡ

ʣΪѡǣ

ֻ䡣
شüࡣ

⻰ڶЦ
⻰Ƿᣬȴö졪Щ޵ĸʹʦСʦƽקק˷ģʮơ

ϲݰ
ǽӦеš

ӹľƺΪһƣ
ʶһ£ҲࡣΪ鷳Ļҵı磬ɽɸʽ硣

ָһԵ
ʦ֣ࡣ

֪
Ʊһ



ҹĿջ齡ʮֺҪϷɬĽһסջ

ࣺ
СʦЩˡ
˺ȾƳԲ˾ˣô˼סģ

ƺҲûʲôס
䷿һһ䣬סģȻûʲôԽ֮

ƿš
ժѸٵس˽ȥ˴ϡ

ĵطͷ¶޵رôãŴˡ
ֳʮֵĿģ
ⴲϷǮã

磺
һ飬ְС|飬ְĽٸ˳úÿ֮⻹ûаƷ£

ȻûС
ͬǳúÿ໹ϻɡժǾûаֵˡǸ壬ϻɵӿٺҲûá


ϸժǣʣ
ǲֳһЩ

Ӹ߼뿪ʱ껹һ磬ѾҪ߳ͷˡ
ǿյ۵꣬𽥵سɳü۵Ҳȴǰ䣬Գ˿

ժһŻشǣ

ƽû࣬վûվ࣬ϲڸߴ˾زбߡ
ҲûʶԼʲôʱ򳤸ˡ


֮ǰʵ˲١

ժ壬һֱǰ͸ġ
Ҳǰ͸ģ͸̶ȱȴǰҪ˺ܶࡣ

ƺйء
ժЩã˵
ɽɸǣһ·ӶҸоʲôңƺΪǸԽԽǿˣҲͳˡ

ʣʲô㣿

ժƯü֮ãȻҡҡͷ
Ҳ֪

𲻳Ҳ׷ʡ

ժǴӴŲ
˵˯ɣҰҹ

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ǽգڲȫޣÿÿϢʱժǶΧĶֹħ͵Ϯ

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Ҫʲô

Ҫ뽭ѳҹ̸

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һĪʲô

ѣϺðô˻ϢҪʲô
ţЦʣ
Ҫʦ֣̽𣿡

ϴЦ⣬˫۾ȴǱ

ʮ־ȡ
磬֪Ŀġ
ϢΣգĵһӦȥԼĽ

Ķ졣
һ̧֣Ľͷ˳ȥС

ִŽϡ
ʦֵ̬ȣ̫һЩ

ȻҪԵž籾
֪ǱԵףԵȻѪȤӽ

ɾͲ˵ˡ

翴ɫȻƽȴڷĻ꣬ɾЩϧ
ǰֻǸޣͱǣӦܳΪ֪ϾǵƢ˽ӽ

̾һҪнǰһ磬ͽ·
Ȼһ|ը
ţǾֵĺ

ʧˣʧˣ
ħˣҿܰ

ô˻ᣬȥ
űײƣպײϸƿѰࡣ

ѣ
ɻؿ᷿
ôˣСʦãôŽ

ͣͼࡰৡذγ˽ָʵ
㴳ʦ÷УƷȻͼʦòȴδ֡ʲôͼ˭ģħ𣿡




12.  ħ   ֻԵײŶԵ

磺
ʦǲʲô

ָסĽһȥ
ص̫߿ˡ

Ϊ罣ԶԶ磬˽ոջ㱻һ
ıȥ粻

Ϊλ
಻ŽĻʵ硣


һʱ䲻֪λش

࣬ǱԵף
ûʲô֤ݡ
ҵʦѪ棬˷壬ƺ̫á

˵֪Ϊֹջ壬Ҫɱ
͸ˡ
ʦֻص;ôܻ֪࣬أ

ץ
׸ôʲô

ô˻û˽ƽػش⣺ֻдһ¡

࿴˿ٿ硣
ʦദ꣬һ۾ףûô򵥡
Ѿݲϸ˼Щˡ

ĺڼ
ʧˣħˣҿӣ

ı.ըͱ.ըĴ𣬴ӳǶʼڳӹ
ⳡħģĿĿ¾ĿǰۼǵĴĽޡ

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˷ҪĶսǬܳ˿ջ

Ҳں󷽸ϡ

Ÿճš
ͼĵԼ

ָһ֣ͻӵһϳأ

ջſڵĵӰֻϡµĵϲźںɫĹ·

⵶һģϲ·ˣǵĽϵǡϺħ죬һƬžһУһǳء

ǰνӦս顢ıײ֮ڶ


ħƣħޣħѾˣ


̧Ƚһħһ߷ɡħ˼ʮףҽ˶¥ݣӲҴǽ

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ϻɱ͵סħڡ

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̾˿˵
ǽĵطһڣȡġҪϧһֹ֮ˡ

ժǷתһȦƮ֪ʱ
ħްǶΧסˣкüħ彫춼ڣǺѡеʿΪһϣֻбɱķݡ

.ըѾֹͣ
žţƺҪջǵһнʿûв֮

һħĿڣšŽǿĽ飬ְ.⻹Ѫ⡣
ü
ħڹˣﻹûΪķ֮ˣ

Щ졣
Եףں˵

ǾҪϾɱеˣһҲŹ

ҪϾɱ뽣ڣкüգȡĽ޻û롣˵ˣΧǲõġ

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Ϊʲôڹˣ

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ħǻΪжǰĽɣǸֵ˷

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ڶ֣һֱȣҪɱѾˣǿԶˣ

ʵ
ô֪Ҫɱ˵ˣ

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ǵ֣жʱˣᣡ

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˵ħںͺϻɲѾã˴ӪаԵҲ

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Ե׹ȻܶԵס

Ҫɱ˭Ҫ𣿡

ҪɱˣӦǽǵġ
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ңʦ֡

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˵̫ðˡ
˶վû˵ڡ

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簲ŵ
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ŶҵĺɴѿΣյһµʦãս˽˵
Ҳ취ġ

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ʲôЦôܰԵ׷ŵʦߣĻ᣿



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˵
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н
һ˵ţͳһ֦֮ǰӿջſժġ


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ٺúóԷһ£־Щû˼ֲˣûǸ˼죬ɱˡ

ˡ
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Դĵɽ

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һ

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뷢ֱĪС

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Ӱһˡһħݷ겻ҳˣµһػ

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ĪУ

ллǰ·ˡ
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ʿĴĻشࣺ
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ɣܣӦòڡ˵Ϊ߰мС֮¡

ģŶʮ꣬ûôɽǴδۼʶΪˡй¶ͬ˵ģ˵أ




13.     ǲıң

ɽУΪ˷ֹħ׷ٶȡ



ʲô

ôһ仰˵ұôΪ㶪ء

һֱ󷽡
ֻԷԽǽ𣬾ʹ㶵أֻǸܣҲô˵

ӶǸոһĻ
Ů֦Ϊһ⻯Σ޽֮Ԧ򽣣һ֮ħޡ

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µһػ֮ͽ磬µĽһֻһʽ

˵ʲô
Ϊޱ𺳵ĽŮ޵Ļڻ

漴ַһص⣺
֪Եףô㱳󣿡

äΣյĵط
ֻܽҪˣǵˡ

磺ұ۾


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ˡ

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ֻԼɼˮϣƣͬͬƳ

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ô˵

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ˡ

磺
ҪǽһΣգʮֻһ뺦

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ı˾֮ԭǸ¹Ļأ

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磬ˣ

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վһӰŴ£Ŵ߿

۲һ˵
Ȼδ£ŵơǺϻɵĵӡ

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ӴҲ£ҹں˯û뵽ȴһ֣󡣡

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ӣôɣּˡ

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Ŵ˵λƺŹӣ

ҪشȴȻЩԡ


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ܿ

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ܲܿժǣѵͱʩ֮йأ

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ܱ˵
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˿˵Ҳҳͦÿ

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⴬ôʵŴļƺҲôá

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찡Ҷˣ

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Ҫǹӣòױסпܻȥ

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˰ɣ㳤ñͦ׵ģҲûɶ𡣡

ƶˣ㽫ãҪˣôħʥŮ



Ӽأ
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ϵʹʧȥС½ͨ磬һСľͻнȥ˹磬ҲҪƤ
ħ޵ϣҲ߿ġӲҪģһʱ׷

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ϤӣдʱҪ컹жϾͺá

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Ȼ֪ʦֵǾҲףһŮһ顣
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ǻѪʦ֣Ҳ˶ĲĿ⡣

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ˣʦ֪ûӦе飬ʲôϵأ

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³
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14.  ڣ   ѽڣըˡ

ʣ̩֮Ȼ

ӵ
ʱ˵һ׮˵ԤԣԸ֡

վڴϣԶҹնպǣһ䣬ָ
û뵽˴֡

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˵ֻħ޺ͺϻɵ֪ɺӣ⻰ǲ١


羪ˣ˵֪˵źá֪£жɺӣ

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ҪǴǶɺӣǿܵȷҪɽˡ

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ߵͽĴϡ

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͵һɡ

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ƺδµѣΪң

粻شĻ⣺
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Լ¶ġ

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˵ڱʮħ׷ɱ
ӣ˵
ལޣֻˡħǣѡ׷ܣ֤ǵķЩ޼Ҫء

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㵹ͦ

겨ЦЦ
µˡ



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Сޣ㶶ʲôʲôˮ𣿡

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էһҾ޴⴬ͨľ죬ʲô
վˣɷĳ࣬˱ħ

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15.  ѡ   

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Ҫǣִ֣ˡ

Ҳ˵ϵˣͲ֮ǰܴˡ

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ħһս

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Щ޳ܣΪʲôҪʦţ

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16.  һ   һ֣һꡣ

֮ѵĽǣԱܣƶת󾪵վ

Ǹ
Ǿȵʲô



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17.  ն   ¥Ͳʲôء

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ȵȣҵķз
ѣѰ



ʯĺԺ
һȺΧӶ룬Ⱥеࡣ

ǬҳģǶǱֲףֻ˺ͱζҲͨöࡣ

˵޿أǶҲôó׷

ҲЩֵ⣬ЦŻشʦŲǴĽɣȽǮ
ɽɸĽޣɽɸĵޡ޺ҽ޽һ׬Ǯ϶ˡ

һǴɰɣ

˵ŵĹضϸⲻҲħڸңЩҪҪħ

ѧҲ˵ʴ˺ܺõġ

磺
ʦʦɱҵģ

СϷ룺ҳԺˣȥڵĹժЩҳԣ

ʯĴ⼸նöù
ƶ񤣬ֻܽСӡڵЩӲġ

á
д˵һ뵽֮뿪ʦȥ͹᲻õġ

᲻׺͹Ӱɣ



һ֧ҲЦ
Цûжãͱæ˴ˡ

ССڴڱץסˣ
ǳɫ·ƮƮģƺޣڿСǸ֣Ҫ

ЦȻֹ

˻æվҪȥڡ

ժǡ

صط룬Ӷĵһһգ۾ûӰӦѾȥھȺСȥˡ

ȥһǱȥ
Ҳվһ˦ӣԺӵſڣŴȥ

˾Ҫȥüסˡ
棬СϣСϿҵ

Ժ˷׷Ȱ
ССûµġ
ɳժɳ֮ͨˣһܾСϵġ



ʵĳŲΪ˾ȺСϣ·ڵǵġ
ժǱȵǸŹƢƶۺ˲̫һԿЦĿЦ˵ҪɱȫҵĴڡ


ֻ²һ̣ժǾͻ˶Էͷ

ߵ˴ڡ

ԶԶؾƼһޣͳһĵӷӣӦǳĸɡ

Сϡ
źСϵޣһСĲӣһͷĶ䡣ߵͬޣһ糤СҪСϵĶ

˵Ҳдá
򣬺Сϸձܵʱ͸ɥǻʱ򣬱ǹ̶ڱ䡣

СϼժǺ磬ŵ
½㣬ժǸ磬Ұ

ʲôˣȲС֡
޶ݺݵ㲻üһȫȥ㣬µġ

λס֡

ס֣
ʲôΪ׵Ц

磬ʵ
СҲޣôһ𣿡

֪ʲô𣿡
˵ʦ棬ɥĿС

źСϵ
Се𣬵Ժ󳤴ˣǻ˵ġ

ժվߣü
Ƿʲôֱɱ˲ˣ

ǱߵҲΪ֮ˣбѰö࣬ȻҲժ˵Ļ

޴󾪣ܳаԣ
֪ҵ˭ǿǷԷ¥ĵӣţǿڳɱԣ𣿡

Ⱥժǣ
¥ʲôط

ޣ

磺
͸˵ˣҪЩֵֹ飡ˣ

һ
Ƿſֻ˵һΡ

źСϵ޲磬۵Ͳţ

δ˵꣬͸оֱһա
ͷȥԼƣһ󣬴Сϵȥ



ոջڻĺСϣѾ˻
̧֣ںСϣ
ԣ۾Ҫ

û뵽ᶯֵ֣ؿ

Ϊ׵в㣬㾹ҡ
ǻȥˣʦŶȻ㾡ȫɱ˵壬ɱʦţΪҵһ˵

ʹüۡ
Ľë𣬽µһ˫űĺ⡣

ǣͱȥˡ




18.  ͼ   磡󵨣

ࡢһɽɸӣ£ͱˡ

ϯӹֵ
ʦǰѷԸӼɸλ

ʵ
ǧʦǺ⣿

绹ϣ绹ţҲҪôĴ𰸣ԼȥҾǡ⣬ҲֱӸûˡ
Ǿⲻʲô˼

ʦ֮⣬ҵҲĦ͸
֣Ϳ״
ʦذɡ

¥ſڣһʱҲǣҲǡ

ɸˣҵأ
Ը𣿡

˵֮˳˷һڣµӢꡣ£Ȼ⣬ͬҳĻӡ

ʦ֣

Ҳϲʦ֡

ػĶͽܣԪס

ңѪͳ汲ػ
ػѾΪռݣҲѳΪңޱΪۻ֮ҡ

֮ˡ
ɣ۴Сһ֡ðīسɹ档
ҲǾѪҲǾʵҰģ֮ʱҶʮǫ

Ϊɡ
ˣҲȻ͵֮

ʦҲɽɸӣ𣿡
ϯӵʦ˵ˣɸӣԲӴ

ΧЩš

һ䵭
𣿡

ڳˣ˽֮⣬һ

Ѳǣ
˷׷׻ͷһϮµģ˪Ƣȴıҽޡ
ɽɸ


Сʦ塣

ڴʱѰӦҲΪѰټ

Ĭس˿Ϊÿһ·
ǰ˪ѩϢȴر

ǰ
ǧӵҪܶ

ƽȫȻûɸ֮ڵıӣȴеǸõ

Ľ
ϴ˵ʱһ뻹úõ˵һͻȻ齣˶Էͷ

ҽ𣿡

ǽתҽޣǰʽĵӣسϵʦܣҲǸ˾Ľˡ

ԲۣսǿҽޣҽõĽޣ



Ƕð˺
鵽ˣȫȻЩӵܴ˵ˡ

ڴʱڴ֮
ǻͻỻػ˰ɣҿɲĽһƽ

¡

һڰװǧӴ߳ɸ˵ǰĿ⵭ɨȺͽ˼ͣƬ̡

漴Ųطϣ
㵹ǹʦֶ
ȴãΪ֮׵ɽɸ֮Ӧ硣



ͬһʱ䡣
ޱ޽紦ʯ塣

һҽ
ҽֹܿЪˡûĥ˵ªϰɱʱʮɴࡣ

ֳȴôɾ

ʮʬһͷõǣڵѪдʯֵʯƸȾѪ졣

źСת
֣º͵
ؼҰɣǧҪͷ

СȻ浽׷ʲô˻ײײ˻ȥ

ǡ
ͳõЦڴڵĹ
Ӵֱ庢ӵᡣ

˳֦Ҷڲش

µħһϷһöһĹӡƺ￴ϷѾ˺ܾˡ

Ϊӣɱŷ¥ʮˣӴ罻

磺
˼ҽзԷ¥
ħôժһ

ժν
ɱ˾ɱ£Ǹˣʲôýģ

rЦŵ򵥣С飿

Žʵ
ҵҵģ

ڣһսrɣˣƯʯ

ӦڵѰټ
ҲûħrȴһˣĪʲô˵ļɲɣ

˵Ҽǰһ䣬ǧʦ궼ûҪ͸Ҵˡ

磺

ǧӻὫٸߵrǾζѾΪãʱҪħ֮

rߵǰеժǽЦŵ
°ɣ˵ġ

ƺ¡

˭˵Ҳ£
rý棬
ҶʽĽӰء

磺
ЩˣǰʦĽħr˵

һʵ
ħr˾ңкͼ

ҵȷͼ
r̹Ȼˣֵ
һУɻ󡪡ǧӣʲôͼ

Цһ£
㵱Ҫ𣿡

rűԼһصİŮޡ

ŮɫȴΪϰһɱѩ˪ͬѩа÷
ʱЦʻƣȴա

rĵ
ѹЩϻɵĵǣϲߡǱһȤ

˵
rЦŵ֮ͼ㡣

Բۣ
ӷϵժһԾ
֪ԲʲôһҪħƴļơ

һѰס

·ɱ飬նޣħħھ岻ѡ
r
ӳɽ֮ǰħ߻ħΪϰǰ֮ħеõ

ħӰ첻νء
ȻѾܿħɹԪӤ

֮ԪӤٽأ
绹Ҫħġ

ħлֱ˵

rħޣвħӰ죬ħ֮Ĺ

ˡ

ҵͼҲǽҵħ



ӵܻؼҵĺС֮󣬴Ǽٳٲ飬ЩġǱ׳ŵӣΥǰ֮ԣߵڿ

һţѪζ˱Ƕ
û㿴ʮ״쳣ҵʬ壬ǵǵ磬վ£Ӳ

Ż
ǿ˵ͽŻ˳

ǡ

ΪЩҪ˶Ķ֮ʱŻµ̧Դ
ȥòӣЩ޶ˣɾһ㣬Ҫ˷֡

磺

ߡ
ģ֮ѰҧҲϼ㣬Щ޵ͭĹϵûС

磺
ĺܴ󵨡

Ҳԡ
Ҫȥϸ͵Ͼ磬Ҳδܹ˹Դ֪ʲôŽй֪ȥǷǡ

ǿʶȹǵͬ壬Ǹˡ
ǰǾǶԵġ

һЦ˵
Ҳߡ

һ֮ʯȻҪꡣ
οԷ¥ҲӵʮˣȻҪ취Ѱ
ܲѣδ

ӣ

簲
λģд㡣

ʯ
ǲ̫ţ־Ǹͨˣ˵д㣬ǾͿ϶С

粻پʹȥ
ѧ𣿡

ǵȻġ

Ҫ𣿡
дܽҾ˾һһǾڶʮڴ壬Զġ



ûʮգ
Է¥޾ʯ塣

ʱڴڵ³ƻһδ꣬վ޵ʯǰӸĴǽΡ
Щǣеħ壬е壬еϢңӦǻѪ

Է¥ĵմӷ
Ǹأа޴ֳ

ԡŵǸޡ

βƽʯǰժǺһ֣
ʣмԷ¥ĵ𣿡
ҼʦаȴʧȥѶ׷ѰϢ˵ء

罫ƻ£ʹ˸

кŴ뿪

ԶˣŴ


ɱˡָָµأء

ĪҪЦ

˭㿪Ц
̧֣淭³ʮʬ
ϸһЩǲʦܣ

ʬѾϲˡ
·ϡܱϳǷԷ¥ʽͳһĵӷ

һۣʱΪʹ
̧һӣķԷ¥ӷ׷ǰ
а£طԷ¥

ִŷǰҪһػ

վû


һϯӰһɨ㽫Է¥ɨʮɡ
˿Ǳ˵ķֿŵϷʮʬ壬üšøˡ

磬͡

ƽ÷·²ؼ
ûʲôý͵ġ

󵨣ŭҪ綯֡

Сʦ
æǰ
ʦȻһţ±Եɣƽ޹

ΪӣкԵɣдо

ɸ󣬰Ź棬




19.     ʦȾʦðɡ

ɸ󣬰Źܷ
ԣǰӡ

ɽɸʦΪ
֮ѷǣò֮Ӧ֮еԼУģΪ;

ԣɸŹ漫ΪϿ

漰֮£ͷΪء
ڶŹҪɣȥΪȥɹǣ޵ɿܡ
ɱˣɱĻޣȻҪøء

ڵ

ΪԶԶڷԷ¥ӣƷԷȴƫҪɱˣȡʮ
ⲻ壬һɱ

ֲִӡ
Է¥£ֲʰ˼ҡ

ɽɸ涨˵ҲҪɢ

̫
˵ػɽɸĿʦ·Ҳס

ʦãˡ
ʹȴҪշ֮ԣǰȥס磬Ѻɸ

վµŮȻƽ·֪ԼҪʲôĳͷ

ɸĵ
ʦøòǴӽڣȥӾͻ˰ɣ

Ҳȥ

ɸӣ

ǰࣺ
Ӻ󷽸δصĶʦԪף

Ȼ֪ʦûȥֻûɢ³ǲȥȽϺá
ʦⷴӦҪ

Ҳհһ˲
ŵؿ磬ʣ˵ʲô

ɸĬĬΪһѺ
ʦã𷢷ˡ
ǧⱩƢɲġ

˵Ҳȥ
ظһ顣



ɽɸ׵ģǷȻҪ˵ɸĳҲǷ

ʮǰػɸ
ػʱΪѾ˻ڣʱҪѰһԵ߱չȻѾСͽܣ޷ʱʱϡ
ʦһһҶأػҰʦǡ

£ͱи˷

еĻǷ̵ģʱǷεģչؽ֮ǰ׼Ҳɷš

ɸ󳤱֮УദĲػǷСʦ塣

Ҳġ
ʧ٣Ϊ֮׵ɽɸ֮ȴԵϧǧӣҲҪ֪䡣

ǡ

ǰɱʮޣƽη˵硣
ֻޱİ

ȻǧǾ仰
Ϊ֮׵ɽɸ֮Ӧ硣

֮ŭŭ

ֱ̧ԪĽ

Сʦ壡
Ԫ׼æϡ

һ̣Ҳৡһ
Ԫ׻ͷֵ֮ǰ࣬Ҳγ˽Ϊʦãϧν

Ԫף
ܳҶˡ

ÿ
һӳ

ɨԪף󷽵಻ãӲӭһɨҺɴѪ䣬ӦŻѪ

࣡
ת֮һʦֶ棬־ŭ

һ̣ɫͻ䡣

̧𽣡


һĺɫħ˽ϡ죬ҡΣҪѡ

r

ɫӰħ٣Ц
С֣ҲڼΰΪ֮°ɣ

ħڻ֮ˡ
ܽԼɸӵΪɾһŪʱΪֺ͵λ۸С

ħΪʲô
ڳе죬еǿ־岻ѣͣҪˣղħսɣǻܻ뿪ط


֮£ֲָ㡣

֮£ȴܲܡ
µħЦ٬

£rǱ秵һ䣬ٳһħƵѪ

ǣ

˵ɶ
ѣ˭ѣ
˵ʦ˹壬֮ǰɸʱħòħ˰ɣ

ɣ
֮׵ͽܰ

ħѪһԭͽŵķΧǱһȼ

ħrһҽޣһħޣ֮侹Ҫһ

ǣ
ôоȽ޴ܻ̼Ҫ
˵ħrµڶɣ򲻹

ЩǲҪ군ˣ

ס֡
˽

ǰ˵Сʦ壬Ҹߡ

ţ
r
֮ǰߣȴЭˣòҰʦ°׹ǣˣ

緭˸ۡ

˵֮󣬷Է¥Ϊйߣɱ˵صĴ񣿡

ûзϡ
ʣи𣿡

Щ޾Ϊĺĳ
rЦ˽
ӷģҼȻѾˣС£Ȼ쵽

ͷϣ
ҲӲҪˣ֮Լ

ڶĥѣ

ûд𻰡
ǰҪȥࡣ

䣬һץס󣬵
ʦãɻȥ

һȥ³

Ԫδ˵ȴҲͷ֮䣬õ

ƿԪףȥ

ǰһһ¡
ˣ

Щ⣬
㲻Ӧϣҿ𣿡


Ͳùˡ

ߵ˷ߡ

һֱվһ࣬ʵʵδɸ֮µķԷ¥ӣ
ɽɸᴦô£һ

ѱɵķԷ¥ӣ
ͷ

򣬻ͷҪߣȴʲôԷԷ¥˵
ΪӦ֮ȣĪƫΪСػħȺ֮ӭ֮ա

ȷԷ¥ӷӦѴʧԭأӦѾˡ



Ʋ֮ϣһҾ޴ۣޱݽƫƧ֮𺽣Ŷɽɸȥ

֮Уͬһҡ

ΪѾԪӤڣҽָܴѹƲסֻ˰ţ÷

񽣣
ʯšü塣
񽣵Ľ飬ժǣ

ժǱ޵ŭˣ
ʲô

ǰΪע񽣼뿪֣ժҲûڽУڽ

ժǡ

ߡ
ժǱͷȥ

ʵΪĲǣҪŹϳ硪纰˷ôСʦ壬ȻĺݣҪʦֶɢ

ȻԹԵظŷ˻ɸķۡ
ժǿۣһһӻ˲Ż̤

Բԣ
ժǣһ㡣

֪ժڱŤʲô
ժǻΪദʮ֮ã֪ܲһʲô

ûȰժǡ

ժûۣ˵Ψһ۾硪߾ǶԵģĶǴġ
緸ҵҲһô롣

㻹ԣ
ժŭһȻʧˣƺǶػ˽

磺

豭һڣ
㵹Ǵݡ

СʦΪҸôأ
źϴڹ𣿡

ûлش

Ȼá
ڹ֮Ŀɹ󣬵ʮ޵

һҲڸġģ˵ٶҲǰ״



һº󣬷˻صɽɸ

类ΣȺ䡣
ҲǰΪɽ˼

²򵥡

ħԼô֮ǰĺܶ£͵ˡ
Щǰȡħڽɱڰ·ĽǵǷйء

Ϊĸԣķ壬۴¡

⺢ӡ
ִķź룬̾
ɸھ²ҲˣôɸҲԽΪˣ
˼ʦܵ棬̫ǰһ¾ϼӳͷסѵҲͲнˡ

ô˵ţȴνġϼӳͷҪ֮Ϊٻ
һʿ˵

ϵ
ǲµСԼʲôĺܡ

޶ִ֣϶һ£ͲġҹͷӲǷҲⲻ緸ղշ¡

ķķ˵
ҪŹ淣𣿡
طڼǹؼʱԴͽܣǷӰ쵽

޷
Ϊµһ֮ͽ˴󣬻Ӱ죿ɸ罻㣿

ķҡͷ̾
ʮ𵤣ʮԪӤԣǳ¡ٵǧ꣬ҲٵȲˣϧ

Է
µת𣿡

̸
뿪ɸѾãܣؽ账
ɢ˰ɡ



ε޷
ԣɽؾڶ֮һƵĵϡ

Ԫŷɽ
ײһϺ󣬾ͣڵϡ

ػڴ˱չأΪţ뵺˽ƣ̤롣

Ԫ׶ؾһݣ
ʦȾʦðɡ

Ԫװݹ֮󣬺Ȼߵɳϴϲزͷʦ

ϲ˲仯Ϊʧ䡣
ʦ壿

һͷӦ




20.  Խ   ʦɱˣ

ŷ֮У޷ͷ˱޶¡

ڵϣĿ
ժǽǬߣ޴ûʲôģ˯

εǿƽ״̬ࡣ

ǣ̩Ȼ֮ԪӤڵ𣿡

ôʵӦò˰ɣôطͽܣŪ̫Ǳ

Щ۾
ȻжȴʧЧЩǵء

ڵι

ŵ̽ų߿

Ұ֮ûչȶԼľɣ
һ֧
ȴֱܱ꣬ײȥ˾츳ٺҲҪΪˡ

ŵһǲŷӦ˵˭׷ÿ峽ǰ
峽һãȻָָԼ

磺ԣ㡣

峽ǰͻƵڡ
겻ʱҲã絽ڣ֤ⷽܲ
峽ĻϲΪλϿ츳Ϊ״ӡ

ɳһҡͷȽ˵ֲ峽⣬˵Ҷ춼ʲôɣؼֵȥ

ֱ죬һƣ峽֪Լʲô⡣

Ϊεĵӡ
峽ЩҪùϵܡ

ͬʱҲһߡ
֮ˣһϣԼǰһһأ

ο֮ı֣Ҳ·˼

峽˵Сʦɡ

һ峽˵
㻹һ㣬ҲأӦòһɣ

峽𺳡
粻ǶʮԪӤˣ޷ʹ̽ܿ塣

糣ԣǿ۹·˷֪ȥͨδ
ڿƺԡ

˵
ʱȥȹΪüǵҪչʱҪŬΪѹǰ塣

峽ͷ
֪ˣллСʦָ㣡

û¡
ν
ҴҲûĵģּɳͶ˼䡣

ʱĵҲЩȸԾ

һһӴŵǰ
ʦãʱһϰҲģҪ޲ķҡ

ķǱܣ
֮٣һǧգֻᾭ¡ˣչˣܿ͸һУ

ȻˣҲ
ԼҲŶʮ꣬
Щǰʱʦҽġ

ػµһĻڴܡ
֮ԣúܶʿһ

ɸĵǣ˿ͷһһΧˡ
ôѣ˭ûɻˣ

ʦãҲʡ
Сʦ㣬Ҳ

ҹָĵǣһȥչˣĵԼΡ
һǲҪչصģǶ̬ȴһʼη;裬üΪ׺͡

ҹλˡ
罨ùϵĵҲֻʱȥˡ

ʦ֣
⣬
㲻Ӧñںɽ˼ôˡ

͵
ݳҵģȥɽˣõǵķݵѲߵһʱֲˡ

磺

Ҫݡ
ƽʱ¶ֻҪ·ɴңαװˡ
ǰϹ˵ķݵǿɻԪӤʿ۾Ʒ

˵
ɽɸˣ

ҲԣĿ࣬ɸ󣬽ȻҲҪġ

ֻ
ʦƺڣҲ֪Լ
ôģòûˣΪʲôࣿ

࿴硣
״̬ƺܺãȻ޷ĵǼ˿

˵
ʦãǼֻǻҷȥҿԡ
ҿԽΡ

ĻȲ˵

ʦ֣м±þˣ˼ȥǾãӦý֪㡣
ʵ
ʦ֣֪Լ𣿡

һ¡
ҵġ

绺˵
ϣһˣ飬˽ʦ֣֪Ҫصȥ𣿡

嶼΢΢
ΪѪͳͰۣԱܾԼǵͼĳࡣ
ʱȥ룬һЩͲ롪ǷˣܽΪϵ䱦رذ

ʦãҡ
ǼЩɬҲЩơ

ʱո˵·﷭ȥؿǺ;ᣬҪҪ
ǲʲô⣿
ʦúΪѵ⡣

ʦϣ֪𣿡
Ȼˣɶڵ˵ʦãδҪĶࡣ

Ȼϣ
ûʸ



༸ǻꡣ
Լô߳εĶ֪ȻعԼѾصɽ˼ˡ

ࣿ
״̬̫ԣ
ôˣ

ҡ
࿴ŽĻ

Ľĸ׵ңҲԵϵǲű֣֪ôƺ

㸸Ǳ¡

ֻһӣȥǱĴ

ɽɸȴ޷Ҫġ壬֮ӦоУûУҲȫΪȥѰ

δԼˡ
Ȼ翪ʼ˵֮ǰ׼ȴǻ

ֻǿԼ򶨡

༸崻һ˿⣬ŬץסŽڵ
֣ʳ棬ܾʦ𣿡

ô֪

һ㵣漴ŷӦ
ˣ

̫ˡ

Ƿ
˵Ϊʳԣˡ
ҪǲԸԹԾͷʱʯʱͽħrıӻصɽɸˡ





Ԫ״ɽؾʽ塣
صشӷɽ£һأͱʽſڵһ

İ½ޱһ̴ͨĽڵǰϣһ˫գҲգֱض

ʦ֣
Ԫ׿ʶۣһ

ʶʣôˣ

⻰ʵûͷҲûβ͡
Ԫֵôʦܣɵؾ׹ʶʲô

ȥ˶ؾʦ졣
Ԫҡҡͷһɥģ

룬˵
УСʦҲȥˡ

Ԫײ֪Ϊζȥ
һߵţһԳţɽɸƮƮĸؾǰͬһվա

պػ޻뿪˺ɸ
ԪֵһҲˡ

ʶü

Ԫ׵ʦ𼱣취

ʶǣǽػĵӣĽ˶鵭ģദ

Ԫ֪ʦֲ顣
Ľ¶ȴĵΪʦʦһЩ£۸ʦܵĵӣժ

ʶ۱Žʽߡ

ʦ֣Ҫȥʲô
Ԫ׸Ͻں׷ϡ



÷ӡ

ԴĵָУͱüãֹ÷ӣһЩ㡣
ܴĲСʳЩǶˡ

ʦ㣬ʦˡ

ü
û˼÷ӵ¡

һǳŮʳУȣ߽谵

ŮǸΨһͽܣɽɸѾڶһθ


ﲹ
ǸΪ˻ȡúħrλȨطһħ壬ͼɽɸʥŮ

ʦ㡣

磺
һʦ湻Ӧġ

к
ʦã÷𣿡


Ҫɢˣ÷أҲ̫˰ɣ

ʵʦ㲻𣿡

ʲô
̧̧Ƥϵ̬Ѵɢ
ʦⲻ𣿡



ʦʱҪס
紽һ˿ЦȻ
ʦõԵõЩͨЩͷطˡ

ػӦ
ǻҪʦ㣬ָεһȥչأҪǿΡ
Ҳôﰲ֡

Ѿװˡ
֪Ѿĵϸ

ػػ磺
ͨ硣ʦ㲻ǰǸޣż¶ѣͺħɺˡħ㣬ҵݶ֪ˡ

ħrԴŸҪʱЩΪԼʲôƵΡ


εķʱ˷Ӧ֮󣬾ڡǡб⿪ˡ

վ
ʦǫˡɸûһɣͳ˸Ψһ״ӣ֪ɸ©ⷨɸڷ˲Ϊõĵӡ

绹治ڿס
Ե

ԭɽɸ͸¶Ϣһ̴ţױ۾ʱûԼ״ΪҪ

ʳС
֪ʳбʩʲô澹ǺǬһռ伫
һڵĽ硣

ӹժǽЦʦȫûˡ

ʦȴȫ
תһҪߣһ˵Ż

ҪܣǰΪλҪɸ֪ѣȻ˶ݵĻɡ
Щװ˵Ҫǣҡ

˵һ룬Ȼ޷ˡ

ŵصͷ

һز⣬Ⱥ˸֮ĽУؿڴ
Ѫɫǳϣԭ֮𣬴һӵһƬ




21.     ӻΪʦ֮𡣡

ôˣʲô
εĵѾ󷨵, ӿ֮С

ǲ̵ɱ

ǳ, άһŤƣɫ԰, Ϊʹࡣ
ǰһؽС
Ѫ˳Ž, ٶԽԽ, һϸ

ȡ
εǣҪȡ

š
Ѫ͹

ʹ۾Ѫӿڱӿ, ûĺס

һ鶯˫Уſ־벻⡣
ʾһƬš

ৡ
ժǽ

˿ʧȥѪ籡һƯֱҲм죬ĵñͰķɫ԰ײ̬

ݵһ˦
ѪҺӾ, ֳ˸ɾ̬֮

εǿȪ磬βŷӦ

ɱˡ
ɱˣ

ȥ֪ͨ壡ѻ, ƾǵס磡

ǷӦһгΧ¯, ŵԭزҶ, Ҳȥײӵġ


ɽɸ߷һһ

£

ǱײӣΣ硭

ȥԮΣ

Ǳ߿

ܹɸĵطס򲻿ͽ뿪ɽɸ󣡡



˦Ѫ

һ, 㿪󷽵µ

翴žȺͲ

ԭУδħսʱȶͳꡣ

Ҳ̬ͬ

ҡҡͷ
컯Ū˰

ɱˣԴӻָǰ󣬵һۼôҪλħʥŮ
ϧʱʧħشáΪʥŮħʱǶ֣²ֹɱҪԼȥ

ֱԪӤȡ񽣡
ɱ

ǡá
ʯʱħrԼԼ֮һǰȡ

rħ֮λƿħǧ֮á

ħȴͻȻһλʥŮа̧ƽȵĵλͬΪħ֮
ħ̰
ڴˣҪʵȨҪΪħˣ˲ҪԵɽɸ»۹

ڵrλʥŮʵ̫£Ҳ̫ˣǸ

ͬɱȴͬУǧħ֮ǣߣӦ¡

պ÷ʯ
˳ƶ飬˻ɽɸı㳵

ŲѳΣٳ䲻һɱ֮

һ
оԼħ˴롣

ģԼָķ

ץס
εǳ

սеĽεǲת֮䣬Ѿվſڡ

˽
εƬ¡

֪ʱֵժ̾
ۣǴɱ䣬ַƯЩһѪûֱˡ

磺
磺ûɱǣýǻιȥˡ

߳Ρ

ײӵĵӼһ֮ˡ

翴ͣӡ
ٿԶɽԼɼȼӦ

ε
»ˣɸѶȳɱ

ժվ࣬˵
Ŀƺжôѣ

ޱ
ⲻ򶨣¿ˮˡ

磬úõ˲ȥȻҲʲôãܱǿɡ





ʱ󣬻谵ܱյڣѪζڿ̲סŻ

Ǻҽǽڵϵĵһһ̽Ϣ϶
ţûôˣЩܾҩȶһûˡ

ķķǰ˼Ψһ߶£ϸͬڴ˴ķɫ
ܸ

ڴϣĪȰҡ

ͷɫһƽҲ֪ǲǱǵĹס

֣ϣΪ

վߵſڣ˵
ע⣬ȫϣȫѲ磬ɸ󡣡

ǡ
Ӧ£ߵȥ

λЩϵִźӣԷ˵
ʦܣ֪ʱֻʵǲʱˡ

˵ĻҪ˵
֮УΡ

ηķһãÿ궼
ͻӳȥأ

ߣǽֹ̽ġ
ôأ

Ҫһ㣬ժǽѱˣλصеģ

кΣҪץˡ
£һ˦ˮ䣬뿪ˡ

ʱ⼸λŸ˵
ʦ֣ô˵أ

꣬һͽܡͽһ꣬ͽܾˡжܣⲻ˿𣿡

üҪԼĺͺˣ
ʱ֪ԣ⡣

һ侲ǣ㲻˵Ҳ뵽ġ

侲
۾
侲ƨ˾ֻ侲
֪Ϊδӽޱҽ𣿾Ϊɱ̫أӰУòѧϰҽġ

˽Բ˵ˡ
ķǿһɱ񡭡

ҸϽȥ׷ó¡
˳ȥ
ƢһͷǨŭػһɽؾҲûܡ

󷽵ķ̾
һԼģһΨһ״ӣڸԣֱ⡣
ôƫƫݱ䵽棿



ǻضã

ÿӶãʱʲôʱϢ

ô˻ûѾӳɸ˰ɣ

ɡ

žĺɽҹƻҫһƬ

Ǳŷӵţһֻ񶼲Ҵš
˵һɸʱ򣬾Ǵɽ©йһܻܿǶԴ˵ؼӱϣ

ʯͷ棬ЩӣĻѵž죬յ
һ·ˣ

ժǵ˵ͦ󡭡

ɽɸ𣬾ʱΥŹ档ʱִɽҰ׷ܣֵüɹɸ󲻵

ʱʮꡣ
׷Ѿִֻˣɽɸ

ӳȥ׷ȺԽһΧžŰɣ

磺
ԣһҲҪֽ

ֹ۲һǰķز
˵û취ֻӲˡ

ժ˷ܵ
ӲðϲӲˣ

ˣ
ɽ˶
ʮָ磬Դͷ

磺

ҧгݵ
ժǣ˵ҪӲҲֱӱ¶Ұɣ

۵ĽͷڨЦ
̫ϰߴҶҵˣܱˡ

磺
ˣԼĽ飬ţôţ

ɾͬӦ

ɲ֮䣬Ϩںɽĵǣöᡣ

ô˻ᣬһ̤
ת֮ѾԽ˵ǵİΧ

ժǸ۵
㲻Ǹޣ÷һԶ໹Ӯˣа


ü
Ҿе㲻ԡ

䣬ٵͬ˿ߵϸ𣬱֯һ޴󷨡

δӦ
һǰųķǿԾֱɨˡ

һץסֱߵ
֮䣬Ҳһͬ۶ϡ

ֻðνһڵϣ̶סԼΣˡ

̧ͷ

ɽҹɫУһϮ£̤Ӱж¹֣һƬĮȻ䡣

ͼȴԼܵѹơǸոǵ󷨵Ч

Цһ
ѡӺɽܣǳǩ

һΣȻû֮ǰʯʱ̡
ˮ䷭ɣһϵɫƮĽתŴӸ߿ս¡

磬ƫֲִ̤ڣ´
ν׵Ľ棬ָϻѪɫ߿İ½ޡ
ҹ

ִӦ
ɲС
ᣬȴҲ޿ãſɸҪ֮»δ꣬вܰСʦ塣

νǱ޵ĵ䷶
˺ݻࡣ

绰Ÿ˵꣬ͱӭһС谭һ֧穣

ȥǵѪ

ǻڴܣɸڣʦ֮ˡӽתҽޣԸִǿϧˡ

ժƤЦģ
磬Ӯ

ûѹƣһԡϾڽڣǺͱȷħԹһ

˵ͷ
Ӯ˺

ԪӤڣڣ֮ɸһ󾳽أ˲ˡ

Ҳûϵ
ĸԣֻҪܻȥгһձػǶ磬ǷǵrͬػҲĶ֡

Խվ߳ȥ
Сʦİɣ

˵
Ҳ֪ħǳʲô⣬ŸҸԼ

̹Ȼ
ֲִġ

ȥѪٶٷʱϢȻһ䡣

ʱ֮䣬¡
֮аںӦʲô

ħ
ü
ϰħ

Ϊ˻Ŵ߳ȥʲôһԡ

һЦ
ϴĪаʹűƯޡ

ֶΣħ죡
ʽ֣ŭ

rĹ
ѹƵķԱħҵйһ㣬ӿ

Է
˿ҵ־Ľʽ

һһ

Ľ޳ħײɽɸɽʱɽʯߡ

ʱںɽľʼС
ȫûԷɾ޴𺦣˵δüɽĵӡ

һмžһսɽʯ֮䣬ͷѪֱ۸Ѫע

Ϊֹˡ
սҲѪ
Ž߽磬һ¡

۾


һ˷ϡ

۾ʦ֡

ͻȻڳĴҵĽޣ࣬£


ʦþڱ޿ˡ

Ҳѳ𣿡

ʦΪǷѣǾǰɡ
˿ãҹҲɸˡ

һˣ

һѽ
һ޳̵ͨģΪƯĽб䣬ػͽʶ۵

ɫǳ
ʶۣ

ʽʦãһһģǷ

ʶվǰ˵
Ϊ㿪·㶯ЩҪĥ䣬ҵá

һ֧Žվ
ʦ֣㡭

ʶ۵Ĺϵһ򲻺ãû뵽ΪԼͷ

ʱҲȰȰʶۣɵ
ѳɸ󣬱һ壬ɸô
ʶ۲һûԵȨƣѳɸֻñ׷ɱ³

֮䣬һδɵĽ
ʶԲͷɨһۣ֮ǰ㲻

磺
ⶼʲôʱˣ
ԽҲִ̫˰ɣ

һһӰ¡
ԪһڲƷƷɽ
ôʦһǶȴңҲ̫˰ɣ

ԪɽʣЦŵ
Ҳû£Լϳӡ

ժǺȻԪߣ
⽣

ʮƽġ
Ԫ׻ժճ
ǲǺ븽

磺
ˣʦȫˣ

Ԫ׻ͷһѾ磬ο
ʦñ£ԵƤһĸԪӤأȳƤǿˣ

Сʦ
˵ܿ.ι

һһŭѾ˼¡

磬˪ѩӣ캮ض

ˮ˪ɽɸ֮һѩ

һ̣ѩʧˡ
ɢ¶¡ǰ֮սбĺɽʯһƮ𣬱һ֮ϻԭ״

ɫһ䡣
Ȼֱʡ

米ĳ

Ӱ˳

ѣ
Сֵܣ

ԣ
ûı¡

Ŀ

ʼٸɽˮһѽδķ˿ЩңϻŴʱѹӡ

ǡһƬҶ
޳ָסϸƣȷʱ

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ʦ

ҶЩޱ߷ɢͬʱɢһֲɽˮ֮ѡ
˾ãؼ䡪Ψһ޶

Ϊ־ˡ
롣

ػ京Ц΢꣺
ٴȥɸ󷨱ػ١
ɽлɽĹЧɸԣӽѸ٣Ǵ֮ûˣɸҲһ롣

ػͽܡ
ףػ˵Ϊ棬ٴȥɽҪĽڣĺ󳾡

ɽΪɽɸ󿪸ʦ裬󷨣֡

ô˵
󵹻ǸɡɽɸĻɽ󵲲סժǣȴܽ¡
Ҳ֪ЩĲʦǣжôɲ⡣

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Ҫ汻˹ҲˣǴȥս𻵵ģʲôӣʦү飿

ˮһ˪

ػף֧ŽδµСӡ
ɫƽͣȴʧϣ
磬֪

ǿ̧ͷ

Ƽػŷ˸͡

ӡ
紹Цһ
̧ʱĿڵִ֡

֪

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ȻҪ׷
ȴ֣ԶԶ˦ˡ

ħڼײ

ײħrһֲⲽŵûУʱá
ħΪ󡭡Ҫǰػˡ

rǺޱ
ػЦһŲ

һ̣µһӰƺȥ׷ȥˡ

Ҫں󷽸ϣȴס

Է񣬵
֮ɽɸѵɸ֮⣬Ⱥʱˡ

һ

üͷ壺
£ʲô

ҾͲ֪ˣʵĳӣȴҲ״Ħ֮⡣
شʱаۣ˶
Ϊ壬ڱҲԴ½̸ɣĪΪҡ

쬵Ŀڽϡ

Ƭ֮䣬ͳһ亹
άƣ̬ǫȴǰҲá



ͨ

Ծɽɸ磬һ˶֮Уһںˮۡ

ժǴӽгס֣Ӻˮ𣬼ѵطڰգ
磬ذ

ݺݵ
죬ٷϻҾͰ㱾СʦɸҸűӹ

ժһߴɣһߺ죺
ûбҸõĽҿ

ôˣ
ɻ

ժǼ㿴棡

תΪŷɣ翴֮ҹӳ¹ĺ֮Уһ޴Ӱû

ժǷɵĲ졣
ں֮ȷʵѸת֮Ѿӽǡ



Ӱ棬һһǰΡ޴ɽ

ժȣʵСÿ

ſѪ޿ڡ
δʵժǽסҪҧǰԨһĺ

Һ
ժǾŵɵðˣԣԲҵȥ

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ĵҪʵ
⵽ʲô

ժǵ˵ɽ𣿡

شֻɽ

ɽʲô
ⴥܿ.Ľäˡ

Ȼûսͣ
ɽʲô

ǵʦүǰڶһӱؾܳεޡΪᣬ̬ߡ
ʦүΪֹҶܷӡɽѹϷڴ˽ɽɸ󡣡

磺

ǡɽеһɽʮе螵ڴɽȡʯұɡ
ڴʶ;ʱĲοɽɣ

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ʱ㣬ӡ͸òˣ֮ǰûңֻΪûѡ
ʦܣˡ

磺
ʲôԾĹ

ժ²۵
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ʦʦүʱпǵնݳΪ𣿡

ʦүӦҲûвФɸɽսѰɣ

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Һϣ졣

ѾԪӤʵ·ƣֻѾⶾҺʴʣˡ

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׼̴򢣬һûȪ

ͻȻǰйâ𡪡
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ȻվҪɸ𣬳ΪʦĲФˡ

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æŲţ۷׷ÿһƬ絶棬нʯײֱۣӱΣ⻬ƽ

ڿзת壬˺ϡ

ʱӿ
ȴȶƽء

ʽ̵һֻΪ̤ѩ޺ۡõӯѩҲۼ
ԴͿˮ߱ܡ


ժǣҪˡ

ܲϣô죿

Σ
߸߰ͷ­׺ݵظ

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Ȼȵںϣ޴ȴֱȥ޴ˮˡ

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ժҪ˶졣

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磺
ڿ

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ʡΪʦʱʦͽ˽ؼ֤֮ġҲδɽɸһͽܡ

ժ
׷ʲôʦı𣿡

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ڷòã

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ʹ֣صɸ㵱ǰУʦԿ㿸¡
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㲻𣿡

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֮䣬ĸʦģԼͽдо᲻أ

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ǰ磬ѵҵΣӻΪʦ֮𡣡

ػԵӵĽʽǷ˵ˣôʦĸΪ£ûҲǵĵǶҵԭ

ĳЩ˵ָ⾡ְ

类ɵʮִ֣꣬ΥŹֽżִδζ˵Ҫطȴֻײ꣬Ϊػ

ػıӻɸʦΪṩģѾ㹻ࡣ̹;ϣ˶Ľӡ

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֮䣬мλʦأ

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˵ʦɽؾȥɣ֤ڼĪõС

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һɫСԴͷŭع쳯һ档
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磺
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ػ

޽ǿԼ
ֻҪԼڣҪͬ˲ǣһһ˵˾ǰԼ

ػǬػȫҵ뿪˶



ػɽɸ

ɸУڽӴŶ¡
ػԻһ䣺
أ

ˡ
ػ
˽Ų̫죬Ѹߣʵ׷ϡ




ҪػȴΪڴˣ÷ֻܵ
Ϊλɽؾ

ǰԪ׽ȥɽؾ죬ػӦġ

Ҫˡ
ػĿϣü۴Цʮ֡ơʵ
Ϊһɽؾ

Ҳ¡
ػһˣؾأֱս졣

ʺ
ҵҪһʣʦΪЮұΨһĻӣʹѧһѪɷ

ػͷһ
Юߣӣ

µʦҪװ𣿡

ʱ⴫

㣬Ҷ㸸˵˻ѣ˵㵱ǱػߵģٲϽȥ⿪ᣬɸ»

𾪣
ΪҪ

ΪҪ취ʦãҸΪʦأһô죿
˵⻹ǽ˺ĽڣµС

Ǳŭ
࣬Ǻôĵӣ

侲лú˵
æסϵıҵմӴŽϡ



պ絽˶޵һسǡ
Ϊ˺Ϊ֮ºƢժǣسѰӣġ

ϰ彫İֽУ硣
һǮӡ

ػǬ淭Ұ֮˶Ҫѿˡ




22.     һɣһƽɽͷѡ

ػǬ, ˵ǰǮˣһͭӶûУ

磺

֮
ػΪµһĽ, Ǯ֮᳹˼¡

ϰ壬һƿɵ, ÿһɽɸķϤơ
ҲǵķŵĶʦ, , 㲻Ҫ

ɵܲܵǮ

ϰƾܵĪҪ˵Цˣһ鷲ˣõɵأ

磺
, ЩɵԷ˵ҲõģаӶβõļԵķ˵Ҳһ顣

ҪȰ˵ֲ˼ڡ
ԼֱԱΨһͬǻǮԼĿڴ

ҶϰĻε֮н˳
ӣһ䵱̣ҲӵĶ

л˵, ǬһҪķһЩǮơ

, ŵģ
ժ, ǵ취Ǯ

ժҧ̸, ʵ
ô㣿ɱԽ·ٲƣ

磺
Ѿھ÷ܹܵķΧˣӦúúһ̷



Ǯʲô, ƺֻھµ뷨޷ĵ״̬֮ҲûҪǮˡ

ժǺᣬڶ޶תתš
һߺɽɸ׷ȦӼһоһСԽˡĵط

кֻܶн޵ɣЩɵУһСɡ֡
統ǱΪѹħrֵ֮ĺԬͺκ㣬ͳڲལɡ

˲ལɣ罣ɡ޽ɵȵȡ

Щ֮Уֻϰ޷ɣչȫ棬ᵼƵ
һʲô飨ֻ˹򣩣Щɺ״ֱ

Ϊ˱Ľɣһ֯
ͿԼҿⷿҹ޽һ̳Ϊ˸ݵءΪ̳ѡַԽɽɽϳ֯Ҳ͵õˡԽˡ֡

Խ˳֮󣬹½ޣۺźɣֻҪϰͿ뽣ˡ

ͷھɽɸ̫ڡִ̫Ľ޵ǣʮĬûԽ

齣ʲô𣿡
ժһ߻ԼӵеĹڽ˵֪ʶһ߸Ὠ飬
⵹ǲ⣬ɽɸͷ¥ѰӻԽ˻պϡ

磺㵽ΪʲôԽ˸ң

Ϊħɱޣִɽɸ·ҲŹˡ
ԽмӸҪѳվŵĶȥ

ժǣ֪Խ𣿡

֪
ժ¸ɷȱߣԴˮᡣ
ԽʮĽȴȨİ񡣡

Խ˳иһ񵥡ʮ˵֣ȫǽޡ
˽˰֮Ϊ񣬲磬˵Уǿʮޡ

綼Ϊ˶ڡ

⽣ϾȻûػ֣

Խ˵Űô£
ںųµһػǽޣǲػ

Խ˵˵ֲסѹų˵⽣Ľǽ˳Աػûм뽣ˣ޷ϰ

˽Ե
⽣ʮԽʮ

Դˣ֮ǰ˼˸ǰ׺ĽСԽˡ

ܵ˵ⶫԽֳһЦ

ժ˵
ΪⳡЦ棬Խ˺ػڵɽɸ󣬹ϵһֱ̫á

ڶޣɽɸڶȴӲֻÿһεɴʱŻԾĹϵ򽻵

ժ۵
Ҫϸ˵ػҲԩͷβû˵һ仰Īرˡ

˺һС鼦⣬Ҳ¡

һժ˵һ߻ػ˵Ļ
磬ﾴҵ˶࣬ʵҵҲ

ôػţ
˵ɺٶ࣬ҲûܰҲµһˣλصڰ

ػĻЦˣ˵
ʦ㽲˶İԱ֮¡ԺĪҪΪ˵ĿԼǰ·

ãԼжϵӣػʵкܴһεġ

ժǵ
Խ˲ҲáôĵطһȥȾǵϰء

ժǳ˷ڽҰЪϢһҪ·

磬Ҫȥİ

Խɽ̳

ժǣ㲻˵˲뽣𣿡



絽Խɽʱʱѽӳɽɸжʮ졣

ʱһһԾϢڴݷ͡

ڣ
նޡʦţ
µӣ

ЩһһƽѾõ˷ˡ

絽Խɽʱפؽ̳ĵӸպЩ¡

λһ޵ʲô
µĸͽܣһħڹѳʦţһǱĻӣѾˣһϾᣬػϾռΪУҰĲ޲ͳ硣
ʣµǸҲɳաһڳԣ޴ɣ˵˶ħˡ

磺
ԤԼңСĽ

һֵ顣
ɸ֮£ʲôСҥԶˣƫƫֻϢδŰ֡

Դ²⣺
ӦǲݲԾڵ飬ŷеϢ

Ϣ©ħھ㹻ɺɽɸսˣʱػݱħս硣
·µľȷˡ

ס˽̳ŵӣ
СֵܣܷҸæ

лͬıϣʱЩ꣬Ҫͷػһ䡰ȴڿ˵ɲǴסˡ

ǰŮòмڷ绨ѩеɫȴƫƫһ£ʤѩ˲ð
һѲĽΪɫȴָһ־Ө͸УǺǰ

⽣
˵

лŵʱǰŮ޸պÿ¾ףɢ磬ðãԽʮһ



磬紫֡
Ϊ֮ɱʮޣֱʦ֮£˾֪

лͷѳ亹
ǿЦŶ
Ӽʮʲô

Цһ£
˽ޣ׷ѰԽʮ磬ǡ־Խɽսһ

л
ҳӵģ

ҵȵȣȥͨ
лǿæ̳ܽȥˡ



Խ˵гԱǽޣҲ͵Խ˺н޵ɫ

ʵԽ˵뻹ԡ
ʢӵаίУίдȲɽɸ󣬵Ҳ͡

ɽƢһԲϾͶ֣ƻֺܸߣ𺦡ÿվյһ⳥˵벻Ƿծ

лҴ̨ϡ

̨ǽǱдĵطȻҲصĵط˽Ƿծ߰Ǯ̨Ҳһˡ

л

˵ɽɸ̨ޣڲ˻ùۿ߿̨ϴ򶷣ͷͻƣһζ

Ȼл벻ζںδﻹǲĳһ˿ӹ׵ۣ
Ǯá

лĴ˳ҵԼҵʦʦ棬Ҳǽһ͵ڶԽ˵͸

̨۽
ʦʾʦһΧۣʱʱĳޡ

ˮһʽ
ҵ꿴ػнʱиУʱ䣬Ŵ˽

һɷнµ
ʦ־žޣбػһΪ˳ֻ۽Ϊʦʤػ̫ࡣ

л
ʦǾˣܽΪȲ˼ҡһ˵˺

ǫԶ֣˼Ľ˵Ҳмǧ̷꣬вŶãȲñȲá

ʦֹǫˣٹ꣬ٽһƣܳԽػ

л

˵ػһǧ꣬纱ĸ䣬ȴ忡ģǧ˿һ׷

ٿʦ档
ѣѾ׷ԲԣϹֺ϶˥

лʣ
ٹһ꣬ʦ滹

лܿʶԼ벻ãʦ治Щա

ڻ
ʦ棬ʦ档

Сʲô£

лˣ˵ҪսԽ˾ɽš

ң
ڣ

˵ɽɸţǸϽͽץȥ

ʦˣ
л
Ǻɽɸһ˵Ÿ룬ɲɽɸĻɽѽ

ң

лʦ̬ȣˣ
ͳȥܾ

Сȵȡ
лתߣȴڽס

ңʦܣǺ⣿

Խ˺ʽ壬ڽִꡣսǾܾҪᣬ

ʦ񽣷ɣԽˣıҪ

ѾڿƮƮɣ
۸Сðɣ

ҡͷ
ʦ֣ΪĪҪںˡѰǲӦսѡ

ұ˵ˣл
Сȥ

лֱ־ãʦʦģӦûʲô⡣

ǡ
Ӧ˻ɽȥ



ʱлԽɽ̨ϡ̨üۼ䶼Ц⡣

л
򻵵ģδüɣӾˡ

磺
Сӣݸʲô
Ϊһԭˣһ֪Խжƶ

ժʮִȣ
£ʱúܣ޺ٱҲü

л
磺

ɫֻۿУæأϽϽߡ

̫лӲͷƤһ䡰Ǿ޺ٱȡˣԽ˵ıԣ޾ˡ

ԶԶؾĻ
ϽꣿͲȴС

Ӧ

츳ѣʮأѾߵʿһҲܵĳ̶ȡ
˴ΪӮҪͣ˵̫٣ʶǳ

絹Ҳ⡣

ȷʵǳЩҲȷʵڼʶӮʲôϵأɳʶһΪ츳ܶЩеøԶ㡣

ػҲ˵ⶼƽϣڻ֮ǰҪȱˡ

ȻػҲ˵
ӽܽ⣬ͲҪ

ʦ˵Ķԡ
ʲôòˬģ
ⲻϾҪνɶԷ

ұںͰö࣬ʵ
С°Ľѧʲô̶ˣ

ǿǿɡ
Ҳһƽɽͷˡ

ǿǿҲóۣڵˣԽսɲǴ֣ˣĽضǣ

Цŵ
ҽղĽ

ڲŵ˵ʲô

ĽվɽɸĶҵġ껹ò˥Щ
仰ɽɸժ˸ɾ
Ϊһ׷Ľޣѡ䣬Դһ׽ԽսҲΪ֤Լ

翴˿ԼϵĽ˵
жĽ𣿲̫ãҲ̫֮̽ƾԼӮ


ˣ˷ˣ

ʢ
ڷԸ
Сȥȡһѽ


л룺ǶóˣⷿտգжĽ

ֲܶԽ˵ӣֻӦǣȥһѽ

ѾʼЩˡ

粻Ľժǵķ
ǾƣȫøԽˡ

֪һûӮ磬Խ˽ܾ޴󺳶

Ȼ䡭
ǣǡ
ǰλ֮粻Ű

лн˽Ի¡

漴㿴͸
Ҵλʼս

Ҫԣȴһ
ȻϽս㰴ڲĹսɡڵʮλʦֶڽˣСȥɡ

̹Ȼη
УͰ˵



Խɽ治Ϊ֤Լл߹ӵġ

Խԩ޳
Ҳ˵ϣֻĿǰûԩˡ

ԭʶ;Խ˵Ĳʦʶۡ

ʶǣԽӴ𣬱ӽУΪ˽
Ϊ֤ԲһС

統֪ʣȴǷ뿪ɸֱΪ֮ԼõĽԿ

ҲͿµһػ
ħrǵһħڳʶһ֣ĸȥħˡ

ԭУʶھ鿪ʼ֮Ϊ֤ս֮еǿߡ

ĸʢԽʮȻսС

ʶźӮˡ

ֻǣҲ˱Խ˼ǹˡ

ʶڽϵΪԶ֮˵֪Щ˻Ĳܶۡ

Թ񡢼ʡ
ԭ򽻵֮£ԽˣħüƹʶĽˣʱѡ侮ʯ

ʶħ޽սֱڱͱսһħħ˸߰˰ˡ

Ҫ顣

ףʶ۶Խ׷ԭԽˡ

׷󽣵򣬵ԽʮΪܹΪսֳ֮֮价ۣʵ֮ס

ǧ˵Ѹġ

粻

֮治ڣۣʼղý
Ҫθ˳֮أ

ǣƫ棬ԵԽɽ̳

ΪԴĽУǰָ̡
һս䣬һ

ѸģԸ֮ˡ
Ϊ̣֮ÿһӽԻУע֮ѧ飡

ֻҪһ⽣䣬Խɽ̳壬ʶ۾Ͳнˣ




23.  ·С   ֽǮһʮֽǮ

һ, һݣĺ

ڽʮλĽޣֻ˽, Ͱ֮䡣

ס࣬ٶ۵вŷӦ˽, ὣ, ȴת˲ͱ˽, סš

̫ˡ
Ҳ̫ǿˡ

Ȼ֪кܶǿĽޣʱһ֪С
ǽ߾ȫ, ʱǷҲʹĽأ

Ӧòܰɡ

˵ǿߣʹԼԽΪǣǵõߵǿߡˣɼֻʶܵĽޣݾˡ

Ұˡ
ţ֪˸

˽Ҳûһ, ֻɤһ

С

ϵʮ, ʱԽɽģֻʮˡ

һʮһ, ͸֮µʮһˡ

ЦŶڵ
츱, ̡

Цţ𽣻ʱˣЩ˵, Ų

Ѿսʮһһ˲ͽл۵
ʲô¶
Ҳ̫ƣ̫Ϊˡ

ȴٳ޷Ų۾
ʲô¶ʱȥ̫Ľˡ

òȴΪ䲻Ȼȴִһֲ˼

ͺйһ
л뵽ݡ


ڿĽû֮ǰҸоõİˣĿİͰ͵
Ҳ˵ָ̡

˵⻰𽣣ͱſˡ
ΪңֵʵҲûӳҲãһҲһһû˾ˮƽȱ˲

罫Խϵĵһ
һˣ

Ѿϵ֣˽˺ģŻʵ
磬㵱Ҫô𣿡

ֱӽƺЩ
Ҳ벻õĳƺػһƽǸ˼ˣ˼СʦãܾﲻԾ

ػĹϵһֱں˼ҵͽװʲô׽α

ǵǡ
Цһ£
ʦ̹ңҪءοҲԽɽ̳ôˡ


һʱӦ

ֻ½һȦ֮
̨ȷʵ̫Щúúһ˵ǰɣС

ڽң
㵽ֵлˣ¹֮Ѹٵغ

źʶʱ
ǵؽʵ̫˰ɣԼǸŮӰ

˵

̨ϵ˵
ҵ˼ǣԽɽ̳˳ң빲Σ



磬֮ǰɲô˵ģ
ժҲⷢչˣ
˵㲻Խ˵ģ

شҵȷû뽣˰ǽ˼ǡ

ժ뷴˵ǡʱֽ졣ҪǲվߣɾεӰֻˡ



ܣ
ؾܾ
Ϊ׵飬붼ˡ

Ҽǲ壬ԼжûˡŭžãԭԼ̬δȫϣһ㼤ʱ

ʦ
æı֮һţʹˡ

ҪƢأ
һѽн˵ϣѵһָ
ҽˣ

罫ݻУ
º˵ӦǱ㲻ӦҲǿǽűȽǡ

ң

ڵʦְ

죡㻹ûе㽣޵ڣҽ޿ȱǮȱȨȱƣ˹ͷ
ҺڣŽָ磬
ȾͱȣԽ˾ûˣҲħڹѳ֮˵ͷ

˵һѵ
֪ʦħrУֿ֪ħڻٻ磬ɽɸڶŵӣΪʲôĴۣɡ˴治֮£

ڼҪ
ʦְɱŭɱԷ¥һԽ˵ȫô죿

Цһ

漴ν
Ҿôˣ

Ҿ𽣣
ҽշҪʦѵͽ

ʦ֣
סң
ս

ǰҺأ

ڲ֣
Сæסʦ棡

лҪǰæȻͬʱֵһɽ˽󺰵
ʦ棬ʦ棬ˣ

ڵǧʲô

ǧǳլ©СϢ˵ǧ߰û뿪̨ˡ
Ҳ˵ϴγţҺ϶֮ǰ

ڣ

ǧʲô缫ΪݵλǣԽ˸ҵ

˵Щֿ˿ǰһƬҵ̨ȻʺϽӼ͵ӡ

ֻܶԵӷԸ
ȥһòдЩ飬æ̾ȥ

ʦ棬ǧ
ɽµ
˵ӵġ

ڣ

ħrϣǧԳţͨҲδ̫Щɣػͽܣ׷ɱ
˼ʹϵϵĳɾͣǰδа



һ֮ʱ£ٶȼǧӡǸºڳģɺ׵Ĺ°ģ͵Ⱥޱ仯

ûб仯ġ
Ͼ֮˵֮ϣգһ˲

գۣܷ仯أ

ɵǧʦ塣

ǧӵɨһۣĿ󷽣˿Խˡ

츱
ǧӵﲻֻΪ磬һ£Ҫλ顣

ҿ𻰡
Ƣһȥˡ֮ǰûкɫڶźǧҲ

Ųǧʲôݣ
ֻҪ繴ˣͲǸö

ǧαؿ
æЦźͻգ
ʲô˵ˡ

ǧֿһۣҺڵ
Խֹ֮Խ˹Ͻ

磺
ǧʦ壬㣬ôҵĺҵ©

ڣ

һߴšвɡһϴЦ
ǧҲῪЦ

ûпЦ
ǧӵ
սѣҪô磬Ҫô磬·ѡҰɽˮΪ˸ṩһЩ·
Ȳ֣֮ҲΪѳַ֮·𣿡

ںҽ֮⡣
ǧ˼ǣѾ˳ˣ

ҵΪ

ǧʵȤˣ

ң˭ǵĹȤ

סң
ʦ֣ǧô˵ɡ

ֶǧӵ
꣬һ򲻽ִĻˮ̬ȣʵ
ϵʲô飬һմ̬ȣ˽أ

һ׹۵㣬ҽ侲ˡ

ǰǧΪҪأ
ܲΪػĽ顭ǧӿɲǻὫ鿴صˡ

ܹҡģʲô£

ǧӱܶ𣬽Ȩó
磬ʲôԽ˺󣬽Ϊأ

磺
ôԶޣڿӵ



վԽɽſڣԶ

ǧ⣬ûд
ΪԽṩ޷Ǯƽ֮࣬ʲôġֻܸԽĨһŨī

ȻȱǮȻѰ󽣵Խ˺ôҲôˣҪǻΪǳԵɶ˽ˣ͹齵ħrˣĻȵõԼ

Ҳû취ܾ
ǧӸ·Ҿܾͳ׷Խɽ̳

Һڳеͬˡ

籾ϰ׵ԭ򣬲Ҵλ˼ҳܣ͸ɴཫǣԼ߳ɢ

ʱǧҲˡ

ǧʦ壬Խ˻Ӧ𣿡

ǧӻش
֪

Ҳǧʦ岻֪£

ǧû
ͨǿռǲ㣬һţܶ鶼㲻ˡ

˵꣬ǧӿ
£

磺
ⲻǻǰһܿ͸һ

ǧӵ㲻ǻԽѡˣ˵ǻûǣӦ𲻴󡣡

ԣΪʲôһɽǳأĳӺζ

˵
Ц
ǧʦ岻ҲΪԼС£ԶǧԽɽ𣿡

ǧӵҲΪġ

ǾΪģ
֪ΪԼģʱ̲סһΣ
ǧʦָңǧʦ˵˲ֵġ

Ѳ仯ᵼ
ĬĬ²ۡ

ȷʵ֡
ǧӵ
ƫʹԼǼȴΣҵָġ
ٲ֣㻹û߳ޣҪȽԼˡ

ǧҲҪס

ΪļƻΪĶƶġˣʹˡ
Ҫ죬ôȣܹҪšǸڣȥʵִơ

ޱȡ

֮ǰɽɸսʹԼһߵΪʵǷ񣬲֪η塣
Ҳѹǧӻ˵

ǧӵ֡

糶˳ǣǧӶŰΣԣ֡

ǧס
ѾԪӤڣʵΪħתΪħǿΪĽħ棬໥ͻٲҽΣҪ߻ħ

޶ԣ߻ħ֣ļɻ䡣

һޣΪһľ磬ӳǹ룬ǿƥ

Ҳܴ
ΪٸߣҲס߻ħ

Žٴħ߻ħľأԵ֣˲̾һϧ

ǧʦ廹ѧҽ
ؾʡ

ǧɿ֣˵
ͨһЩȷԶҽ㹻ˡ

νġһЩš
һָˣһһǫ飬˵Լˮƽһ㣬浽ʱͻᷢʵǡڰ㡣

ֻǡ
ǧӻһת
ëΣħȴĶ֮Ҳβˡ

磺
˱ְȻܿô߶߶ġ

ֻɵҩУüһЩҩ
ǧдһҩ
ȥץҩɣץҩʱ·Сġ

ãлǧʦ塣
ЦӦˡ

ǧдҩֽϣ뿪Խɽȥץҩ
ԽǸֻͨͨҽĵط˽Ҳûҩƽʱʲô˲ȥпҩġ



ץҩ֮ɫҲ

ҩŽҹɫطԽɽʱһֻɫӥļϡ

ħrԼõ緽ʽ
ѾʹùˣǸ뵽޵ʱֻӥrš

ŵʮֱּף˵ѴҲǵǰҪrĵط
ȱǮ

򿪵rĻţ
Լ취׬

磺
Ҫã

rһʱ֤֮Ӧѱذ
Ȼһ漰ǮƣͻһףħҲһ

˼ţ
ػǬвٶҶе˽ӦŪӡ

ǸĿ
Ҫ󣬰ӳŲ˶á

Ǯأ

磬ͣ
ժǵڶ
·Ծˡ

Լ˼лع

ǰ·һɽҰ·ʱ·Խɽ̳˷ָ·ҲһͣһΣֹܿͺͺɫɽ·

·ʱе㲻Ѱ
ǹͺͺĵϣԼֳ̻ƵķǻԽԽǽĵط·ʱõֵʯש

ƾðש 


ԡ

оһֱܱ䣬˵ڲ쬵ġ



ʶҪˣȴ޿ˡ

ʯש̳ɵĿ·ʵ񣬳ȡ֮ǰŵģЬǧεͨԽɽ̳·

·࣬һյһյĵڰɫֽԾŨصĺУճ˻Ի͵ĽС



ԵϣСزˮȴǰԵ֮ʹã

ˣʵ⣡ϵŮ٣ǸոյĿԴ

иǵնصĹ°Ѿᶯˣϰȴڻʮ˻ҽС

ֽǮһʮֽǮÿһѪ

磺
ǣô

Ҳףֵļ֮ＫŹ֣˼еġ

ժǽﴫ
ǹС
˵ǧ֮ǰǲ˵ȥ·Сģ

磺

ѵһ򵥵Ķ
ͺǰҪţᶣһ䡰ߣҪܡֻǱУоʾ塣

ܶ϶һδȻֲ˹

棬Ǹطûа

һ˵
˼˹ҲҪƤ

ۣǽ˵ǹĹУȻҪ̻ˡ

Բ顣
ڻ˶ԣΣյĵطȹȪҪΣա

ƹܣǸйصĵطˡ

ɹأ
Сطûôϡ
˾Ϳ磬ˮ󱬳ըԷֶСҪˡ

ҸСϢĹкܶ඼ǲ磬ǱͨΣպ׶ĳ̶ȱѰҪߵöࡣ

磬֮ǰ˵ʲôţ
ժǽҡ£Թ
ҹ·߶ˣܻײġ

⼸ָ·ûҹ·ժȰסϢҲϾǸԪӤʿԲȲ˯Ҳܾٱ

綨˿У򶨵
ǮԼ͵ˡ

ժǣ
ժǣѣֻֽǮ

صΪʲôǮ
Ҫ飬ѵ취뿪׽ѳĹ




24.     С򣬱ɽȡ

ƮƮش
ֻֽǮôҸǮġ

ժǣ

ժǼҪץˡ

ɹ׵¶ĺܡ
ժǴʱ򶼲ֹ, վԣΪӻĽɫ

ժǾãκ, ֧һȫ, ϲ˱ҳϡ

κ¡, ðԾĹ

ժ, Ҳ粻жΣա

ڽ˵
ţ硣
˵֮أ˵, һһһһ䣬Իľʱ˾ͻữΪˡ

˵ֱһЩˡ

ժǵ
ҪĴ֮ǰ뿪ط𣿡

ش
ˣ憪¡

ժǣ
ҪҪ

ժּµ
, ǧ򲻿ЩǸˣȻᱻ׷ɱ

˵ͷ
ժʵ, ʱ裬ɳʶⶫеġ
ǧ˵, ءûҪʱ, ŲԼȥġ

ЩؿΧ

⻹һУһ£һҲֻһΣԹе˽, Ǵ˿ġ

ػҲָһ
磬гƲϿֲֻЩˡ

Ųһ
һӡ̡

Եؿдšˮֵ̯λ

˸ǮһͣһôŴˮðͷˮˮͷѪһѪˮӿţʱʱ

磺
ʦôģ⻹ֲ



Խɽ̳ſڣɽĵ٩٩̸

л˵չԽ˻أǻʹʧأ

֪
лҡҡͷ

ʦʦ滹ڴΪ³أҲ֪ʲôʱܳ

лǲΪá

ܾǧӵҪԽ
ӦǧӵҪԽʵ

ǻ𣬺߱ǰ߸衣

лѡĻѡ
漰һ˴£ʢСأ

֮棬֮档
Υ˵Ĵ塣

Ž֤ĵˡ

л뵽оЩƣ롣
۾˸Ƿ

۾ʱǰͱˡ

ʲô

ɽҰ¥µĴ򣬳еƻַǳ
ģһʮŲߵĺں¥ţбɵܸҺ֮С

ȣ㿴⡭ȣ
лźһֵĵӣһ֮Ӧ𣬲ŷûаȵټ

ֹǰʧˡ
Խɽ̳ǰɽȫʧˣһδĳ

л
Ǽ˹ˡ

һ̣лԼ
ϹʲôأӦ˰ɣ

ǰһСС򡱵̯λ

·Źߵģ̯һƵĴӣʮػš

̯ûдߡ
лûļҵܺƤ˿Ϸ죬ֱ˴ˡ

̯ݹˣӴץһֻСܲСУ海˵
СĲҽѪĭ

лֻǿţܹо౻ʹС

̯һͷһС嶼һףСˡ

л

лٿתͷȥ
һתͷұ̯λϵġɽȡĸֺѪܵӳҰ

л
ҪˣҪô뿪ط



ڹҵһ̡

ǰԼ
̯λϣһЩɵС
ľС񣬴һܷȼϨ¾

һ

˵ޣ⻯Сܵһַ

еĶ

ʮֽǮ

磺

һӣϵ˻ͷ񣬹վտ
ûŮǰӵƯ·Ҳûʲôķ١

˵
ЩʮֽǮ͹ˡ

ӷˡ

Щˣ
㵽򣿲ͱţ⣡

ƤȻоժǽһ¡¶һЦһַŽ뿪ˡ

ʣõ𣿡

ҳ֣ôò
ժǻش
ԵĹҪǳƵڶû˸ҳƵһ

ǵ̵ŰŮ޵ıӰȻ飬ﲻ̫ԡ
صƣ̾ͷ˼

ˣ͵
е
͵ǻľƣǻˣ

ûܱʶ˵Ļ۽𾦣ֻ֪뿪еķ

һѪڹ֮ĻϡͨὫ䡣ʱֻյĻ˻ɽ˹е˴䡣
ǰ֮˻δľһˡ

³ɳҲȻӦҲΪ
ϻľͷУأʺƳ֮

һС
ӿ˽²ǡӡ֤ԡ

ʱҡ

ʵϻƣ˵һľʲô

ǰģҼͽ֪ҰľƣڹУһˣǻľҶԼΪҪҪû

ͽ֪ƨǰǸöǻľǼ֮ͽܽŽУϽ𣬱˶ҪΪˣ



һܣһ߶ժǳ
µһĵԹ򣿡

ժڽС
޷ı飬ֻ˺һżĻش֮еǣǿ

ʲôģֻҪûסǳɹˣҵԹûģ̫ˡ

ҪժǶ磬һͷʮŲߵĺں¥ѹѹĹкźڼ׵Ĺ

磺
вǸСطΪʲôôصı

޾ٱ˽𣿡

ժǣȻ뿪˵ɣ

뿪ûʲôġ
죬˹еѹƣӲȫͨĹҲ׷

˲̶һ˲䣬αã˦˺󷽡



Ĺ¥ϡ
һվڴߣŰŮ޷ŵıӰ˵
ܵ죬϶Ǹͨˡִһ£ӦǸްɣ


ΪӦûСආСǶԸˣʰɡ

š
߰¥ڻصš

뿪Ĳͣعͷ̺ͷģڰ׹ǶϵĻΡ

¥

յϣۼ˺ɫĹЩŨʵ塣
ϵ¥ºڷɫ԰ֽһ˫ӿ

¥Ŀ⽻һ˲̵ͷߡ۶ȥ¥˫۾ҲоëȻ

ҲǺܶˡ
Ȼֱ¥ȴ¥뷨

ʵ
¥Ȥˣ



һСһе
лˣǸޣע⣡

ˣ
ޣ

̯ǰлΪԼ¶ˣ˲͵һ
ΪǳԼϢİѿԶ硣һĵ˲䣬ûƿغãԼϢ©йȥһ˿

ޱߵĹ
һ˿Ϣͬҹһ˿ǹ⣬޿ɲ䡣

еĹˢˢؿл


үǿиˣ

л

лֵصˣ
ҲǣĪġ

ɽȵ̯˵
طĻмԼģͱˣǹеĹأ

˵գϵĶ絶յû磬л

л

ʲôĹأ
˰.ֱ޹ؿԣ

лȻ־¾
νӦǿǿһ˺üҲҡŷ

̯Ŷ絶ٶȱϡ

֮ۡ䣬лĽѾơĽһɽ͹ˣûаĹһ

ۡ

ɲǣл۾

ĲǶ絶ϵľʹ
챻һֻʱѾ˰·Сͱɽȵλ̯һһ׷

лתͷ󷽡

ӣ

죬ת˲֮ӳ·ģȻǰԽɽ̳߹ݵλŮޡ

л
ܾﲻ̫ԡ

һ£һŮޣһ߱׳ޣܵ硣

˲ò࡭
Ȼ֪ǿ

һܣһߵ
ϢŹĸʦ̵ģ̫˰ɣ©Ҷˡ

ƺǲԼ˵Ļֲ̫һ䣺
ҲҺñҲˣǼһʧڹ



һǾѾԶֵм˱߽һϻ¡

л֮󣬲ɫ·ո죬Ҫ·קˡ

˸ľƸл
ȡָѪдȥ

Ȼɻ󣬵лֱʱ򲻻ẦԽָ⣬ľдԼ֡

ӹľƣԭл

л
׽ؽҡСȻΪ֪ҵȫ

Ҳָ⣬ֵ·дԼģڷдˡǧӡ֡
²ܾһ֮ǧ·ˡҡ͡ڡ֡

ɿ֣ľƹҵ˻ϡ
лľƵһ˲ǻӶ˹ŹֵĹ⡣

ǡʱ׷

ָѪˣٿľƣѾף
ˡ

δ
һ˴ӹ֮ľƵԭˡѪڵѪմľϡ

ѪдŹľƵ׶˿ʼһʴ

ԥس
ľƱϣ硱֣ͬľһӻϵ£֮Уʴȫĺɫ

ϰľɫ𣬾ϣһĹâʧм͵֮˵ϡ

ӵ

лҪӦԣȴһĺл

һ̣лоһС

羰Ȼ任
ҹн־;޴Ļʧȡ֮ģϤԽɽ̳

¹ڣлȻʡ

ºĲʦվǰŰػľơ

ǧ
лæ




ĵ˸ա
лѾʧԭأǱյľƵԡ䡣

ɶ񡣡
ǰղѡ

˫ָסĵУָһУú
̫̰ģһõˡ

绰һת
οǿһ¡

һ֡

ԭ󲿵Ửһ˲쳤任ͬɽм䡣
ſڣˮں

ԭº͵ķ뿪Уα任òǿơ

ҲԹ
˭ط˽̵ǲģɲԸ

ӣ
𼴽֮ʣһ
ҪԹȫס֡

Ƿ׷׽е.ǹ£˿Ϊóͨ

һϮµĹ̳һɽᣬʵ
ӣɷһ̸

¡
ڵζ޴Ƭ˸Ǿ˿һŮһַۣһų֡

ط𣿡
ǰ˵ĺ¹޵
Ǹˣڹܴʱޣ˵ϻֻܻµ̸

㡭


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֮ҹô㹻һ𣿡

ҹĺ֪Ĵ

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ɽһҹ֮ڹ¾һٱ֮תȥ
ͨѾãòסֻŻһ

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ðɡ÷ࡣ
޹ǺƯġ
˵λҹ¥ǸʲôƷ֣ò޹ɣ

ҹɫ԰һЩͫƻ֮⣬Ҳû
ĳԳƵǺÿλħеһƴ

ҹ硣
԰ֽϴЦݣЦȴ۵ףֻгǺ⡣

Ȼǹˡ
δſ֮
ֻǲ֪¥ԹнҾһ£Ҫʲôأ

ҹѡ

ĺ֮Уе㳣ʶʿ֪еĳֵصҲ类Ӧùɺϣʱ˲á

᣿
ȴ˿ã
ǧӺħrѰʱ¥ҲĽͣ

罫Լĺ̨˳
ħr˲࣬ǧӵ˸١Ƿһֻػ治ɫ

ССͣǷܰᶯɽв˵д

ҹ˳Ļ˵ΪԸ֦ˣ
ʱ䲻࣬Ҫʲôֱԡ

Цţζ
еⲻ

ժǣ
Ȼսʱ˵Ǿ䡰ǮԼ͵ˡ

ǰɣ
粻թ߳ҹеֽǮɣֽǮܻǮֵİ

ҹ侲ȵ
Сѣˡ

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֮ɣͳ֮Ѳϵܷ˹ȻΪеĳ¥ʮó֮ˡ

ƬߡཡһѾڵĻȥ

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ʲô⣬󲻴󣿡

С˵ֻǱѡ⣬¥죬мһˡ
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˽Ƿ츲أǳ¥δ⡣

ҹʣ
˴⣬ҵü

ɣɹơܡ
ǣɢ

ʵ⣬¥Ҳ




25.  Ʒ   ҩȣҩƣ

ҹһ˼, ¶ǳЦ⡣
󡣡

ͷǹҹġ
аһ͸ûǲ¿ˡ

ҹ˿, ˵
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¥·
һ˵, ᡣ

ҹ⸱ģ, Ц
ӴӦϣҹ⺦㣬кľ𣿡

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٩
ӹı֮Ź󣬲𣿡

˵
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֮󣬹лǧӺ͵rı, Ͳ˵ˡ
˵̫ס
ҹǸˣöĶ

ҹóһֻ޽, и¶һöҩ
´˵֮, ڹ֮ڿɻ, ʧ

˵ء

ֵá



Խɽ̳ϡ

лǧеİľơ
ȻͨʱҲףܹƽطԽɽ, ľйء

ѪȾľƣϳصдԼֵ°ľƵ£ллطš
Լ

Ȼ߹ݲв֮»Ŀл̲סҪĶڹе硣


ˣԽ˵ӦǼ°ɣ

лǧ˵
ӻڹУ취Ⱦ

ǧӸֶ˿Ĵ
õúܣҪȡ

ǧ߳ڵķΧ̧ͷһԽЩɵң˵
㻹絣ʦš

ǧӻ䡣

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Խ˵˳

ڸźӣƵƵһۣƺʮֲ̡

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ǧԽ˲ԸΪǵĸӹ𣬽˽һսɹ

л̧ͷŲϵң
ʦ桭

ǧƽص
¹ϵشٿһ¡

Խշһǳ׻ˡʱ򣬽˵Ҳһµ֪ǵʲôģ

ҡҡͷ
ˡ
һʼǸЦ䣬ҲǳΪЦνˡ

ԽнǿʮûػûзҲûеr
ʱ𣬽ѾǸЦˡ

֮ЦЦҽԲ۾ס䣬ΪȨġ

Ĳ֪ǸЦ
Ȼֻ֪һֱϰˡ

ûдǧˡٿ羰ҲգҪ뿪ȥҲãǧԱɡ
Ҷ»뿪ˡ
Ųƣһģ

лҪûܿڣֻվԭأҽнԶıӰ



һͼʮŹ¥տĴ̿İͼ
Խˣħڡδƶٵ̣бעϸ

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һߵĹǱ˵Ļŵˣֵ¿ˮﹾһ

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ҹоȡ

⻰ͬ˵ԼĿưԡ
ҪɣǧһˡҪɣͻᱻ.ˡ

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ζ᣿
ԴȫռΪУһҶ𣿡

ҹǿҵġ
ҺĿͬǵǰȨȻޣǵҰȴ˾֪ư硣

ҡҡͷ
û֣ô࣬ռġ

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߲ħħڵ֣㹻˰ɣ

ش
ò֡
ħǷʶʣҲ֪뽫¡ֻһҺһ
ħڵȥռûͽһй͸ˣ

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Ŷʮɣ
ᣬôصĻ

˵
ռԴ֮٣δڰԵ׳Ϊ繲УȺ֮
ڸߴһʱҪġ

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þҾͱƷԪ籩ҲԭεС

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Ĵƺ⡣

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ȻԭûйԽǮ֮ǿĸдԱҪࡣ


ڸؿ꣬һЩ͵ȵĵίа

ҹ
ЩǸɳ°ɣν⣬Ҫû𣿡

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ֻԪӤڡҪ£ҲҪлڵΪ



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Ӧòġ
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ǡ
ɻسΧ

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͵
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ΪĻԵ˼

ʱˣֱԴ߸˿飬ûصĽġ



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֪ķжǴʦﴫ𣿡

ҡҡͷ
ӶǶǰˣﴫķӦ͹ʱ˰ɣ

˺һǧӵ
㿪۰ɡ

磺

Ķϣ᲻Զ׷ɱ㣬ݡ
ǧӻûǣҪס

˼һ
ǧʦ壬ͲܰҰѱҲҪֺģǮѵӦõ𣿡

˵ﻹû꣬ǰСֺõЦţֳʮֵĲҪ
ǧʦ壬ֽӡ

ǧӣ硣

ţ

ǲˣ

磺
Ҫķ



ûкúԽ˵
ֵֽ㽣˵˻ԸҲ˼ǽˡ

뿪

ԽɽҪߵɽʱȻһ˱վʯ󷽡

ĽŲת

л

л
Ȼ֪ȫʲô֮˾ҲẰСˡ

лͷȥ˵
ʦչˣ˵ҲˡԽҽʦʦ󣬾ͽʦС

ٹЩ꣬ͻύ
һһ
ϧ֪Խ˵׻ٳųֶꡣ

ʣأ
ɽңҪʲô

ﻹŽҲһɣ

лĬ˺þãڹ
磬Խ˶棬һգֻأ

˵֮еڡ
ԼֻǸڵӣûᣬҪʲôȥֻ棿

ˣ轣˵ļһᱻݺݳЦһġ

ðҵ㡣

G
л̧ͷ硣
ƽûгû

ϵ̬Ҳƽ͵ġ
ӣη壬̹Ȼʣһֻֿĸо

ûĻµ⣬ǡҿԽκ˵սη̹

лԼһ¡

ҪŬ
߹̧ļ
ĺ׳Ե



ڣħĴɱʱ˸о罫Ρ

ξ˵ˡ
ֻû뵽˵ĲħڣµһʦĹŵ硣

СѾͷҪʲôɱˣӣԽ񡭡Ѳ߻ħˣ

ԽҲǣػϣڵã˼ҵСͽˣ׳˸ЦҪŰˣھڸضԼˡ

ལѾ˳ԽˡҽƺҲ˳˵ں̫Ҫ̫ڡ

֮ɽɸû˳׷Խ䣬ɽɸҲûжЩʲô



ɳаĵǣһ߸·һһһշ¡
鲻٣׮׮йء

һ˱Թ
磬硣֣ö䶼Ҫˡ

ˡ
һͬļָһתƻ
ƣ¥ǵͦµġ

޵̧ͷ

֮һǳ۵¥ԼʮŲ㣬ߣֽбܣò׳ۡ

һǰǵĵӵ
Ҽǵãǰû¥

ͷĳȻչ

Ծ
¥ĻͲһĿջֻ̣ѣ¥ȴʮŲ㣡

ǵĻҡͷ˵
Ҳûеģ¥һҹ֮ȻεضģӦλүİɣЩ֮˿¡

˿еүһ㶼˵ʿǡ

ǣ
̫߹үˡ

ϸǸ¥

һĴϷҡƷ󡱡
ĵǺֱףһף¥ӦڷһЩ֮Ķ

Ҫȥƣ
һ˵
ϴǺɰˣֽҲˣպÿԲһЩ



ĺ˶֮⣬СƷ󡱳֡ЩƷһҹ֮εض𣬶ⶵۻ

Ʒĳַʽ˸ŵע⡣

ŶɳˣƷҡ
ȥҲûʲôֵôҳע⡣

ĶȽͨɵɢҲԼ㵽Ʒ׬ʲôǮ

׬ǮƷɽɸֳʲôͨĴɣԼҩɽ޺ҽ޵ȣֻ˵ǲֵһᡣ

粻ҪˣǵĴҲкôе꣬պ÷ĵӼʱʡ



ҹվĳһƷǰĿյϣһȺ˴Ʒһīͻֽ뿪

ԤеһȻţδƷһ¡

ͦõġߵϣ˵ǲһ£ǲгɳء

ͳҹ⣬
ڸ֣˭ҲᵱµСֽ
֦ὥ֣ڵϢپԽԽȹ̣ԽԽïʢ

ӣǰŵЩǷָ󡣡
ҹ
ƷҲ̨Ҫʲôط𣿡
⣬Ʒ̫ˣ֮Ҫĸ֡־ɡ

ֵ²һԷһš

ҹһֽɽͨ͡

ҩȣҩȹһӣ½ȼ½ȼΪ˶ȡ֮λʦ¶ʦ棬ȴˡ
ҩȽ½ȼؽ˴Σȴ½ȼƾԼʵˣǣҩȾͰ䲼ͨ

˿½ȼṩϢϢʵҩȸһ
׽½ȼĻĶУҩԸһ


ͨ

˵ҩȹһͽܣλģҪʦ¶

ǰ˸ҩţҩơԭҩеĵӲóҩҽˣܻƶ
ҩһңһˡȫԼҵӻͶġ

ֳͽܶʦ¡
˲òпҩƹ鴫

ҹ԰׵ϴǳЦ˵
ӣ֮˻Ϊ٣Ϊ粻ͬЩβһ
ͽܵģпܻʦ

磺

ͦõģؽԭΪӣΪλҪ߱λһµɻ
Ȳ¡

˼ʵ
¥Ҫһ

ҹЦŷˣ
Ȼǡ




26.     鵤ߵ硣

ҩȳ, ½ȼʱæûеҩǮֻ衣
ʱйеһ, ͷϴо綾޷ⶾ½ȼӦܲ˶Զ

ɾˣѰҲǴһѡ

ҩȽɽ, ΧҲȫɽ, θվ, ɭ֡ɽȡ¡ˮ١ʯ
½ȼҪأΪһ߰׹֮ҩҲҲ

Ҳֻ֪µλá

⻹Ҫԭ
ԭɽҰεʱ, Ѿ̵½ȼͻҩȡ
ͨͣһʴƣΪҩȵĹ

磺
㣬ԭǰϵΪ֮ɽǮ

ҪѰ½ȼЩѡ
ϾԭҲûдһƬݴһ, ɽϵĸᲱϷֵ½ȼ

ֻɽεڴԼһЩ½ȼ

һ߿, һ˵
ɽιӣΣʱѹ, Ҳܳԣ, 󷨡ɽ㹻ڼ

ժɻ
Ǵռɽˣ

ƷѡɡԺЩ۸߰Ķͼɽ·Զ, 󡯵˼
ָ׳µ
̨ͷǸλãô

̨϶£
ժžߴžߴ֣

磺
ʵⲻ˽Ի·

ৡৡ
Ա߱˻ߵģѾЩɿݵĲݴԻζ¡

ժǽе磬ж

ѣѾݴԣ˳ȥˡ֮죬ûѾ׷˲ݴĻ

ǷĻһԳ䣬ʵ
½ȼ𣿡

ժǿֱȵСһҡͷ
ôͨӰɣ

磺
׼һ



ʱɫ΢ɽһƬյأ
Ƥϴ⴩ľ֦ϣϿý㣬ڳͻ졣

ժǺ࣬ڴˮ

ԱߵĲݴֶһ¡

޶ԡ
ǣѾһˣѵϵһ

ݴеԽԽ

һƥ¹ײ˳
¹˫鶯ƤëѩףƺܹˣӽȵλãƤëȾѪ˿顣

һֻӲֵժǾϲ
¹


һƴϣ˵
֪ԣˣޣ

ѩ¹ö˵ƺǱժǾ䡰¹ŵһ˫ʪ۾Ķη;֡

ȴܣǳǰҧסӣקݴߡ

һ·

ݴԺһƬɭ֡
ƬɭӦѾǳžˣ׳棬پչ

ĳҰܵڵĵط̦ӣһ塣

һϡ
ɫ԰ף촽࣬ڽǻźɫѪһ֪ж

ѩ¹קǰҲɿ䣬ڽؽšһɿڣ뿪ˣˡ


̽̽Ѿʮ΢ܸоǿ֧š

ӡ
дšҩȡдš½ȼ֡

ҵˡ

Ǭһ嶾塣

Լòеѩ¹˵
ҲǵޣҲҽޣιҩ㾡ˣͿԼˡ

½ȼˣѧϰһԭ½ȼʬͻҩȣһӺ͹֮λ
½ȼһ



ʵ֤½ȼͦġ

ҹ֮ǰԺ˹һ۾Ϳһ·ŮޣԱ֧ӡ
߻һŻᷢ·꣬һͺܶߡ

Ľζǻ
½ȼ̲סҰһ졣

ˣ罫дľ֦ݸԶ𣿡

½ȼ˿⣬ûнӡ
ʵң

Ȼأ

½ȼ۾
֪˭𣿡

ɢش֪ҩ½ȼһʦ֮ˣݶˣͨء

½ȼʣΪʲôҾңΪǮ𣿡

ȷʵȱǮ

㲻Ϊ

½ȼ۾˵
߰ɣҩȻ׷ģ˿Ҵһֻܸƽ鷳

Цţ½ȼǰʹ˻ȥ
֪˭𣿡

½ȼ

ĻͲ鷳
վ˵
Ҹոո˵ˣȱǮء͵ߵҩȵմӣзܵĵ
պǸɣʡȥ˲߷鷳

½ȼ

ʮִ󷽵˵
ɽλãͷҽǸ

½ȼ
һֳĸо

ҩȹΨһͽ˵
ܾã̻ʦţǸǵѡ񡣡

Ȼ
ͼ˵
ҩȻȫʬиĹǸңܹǻҶñ˸ˡ

ָһ취ĸ֣ɫ½ȼϣһͷק
ûѡ

½ȼ
ǿˣ

׬ǮҰȥ֮죬ͻҩȣѡһɡ

½ȼ
ҾͲ¶ʦҲʦ𣬾ͲᱻؽͲܣͲ֮ǣһλˡ
ʦĻⱨӦģЩͷ˵Ӧ۾Ȼġ

գ½ȼ˵
ѡ



ޡ
ĸ죬޾ѾƮѩˣɳѩûǽ׵һƬ

ħһѩ֮С
ǶδɡӲ·ѩɡĶǻ

ûá
ѩķڲ࣬ŰΧ

дϵ
ɽߺˣ

˴롣
ĪС

ħʮħ֮ҲǵǡȺֵħ

ΪʥŮ֮£ǰ߶š

ȻħħʥŮ󲻾ãǾͳ˲۲۵ʥŮ
룬ʱʥŮļһ۰

ѩٲ
ʧˣħǰһͨɽ·

߰ɡ

·ؽɽȡ
Īں󷽸ϡ

û߶ԶǾͿһŹչϸˡ

һ£ϴŹŹֽƣƽͷڡָƷ

ϵƤ·էһħħƣϸֲ̫һ
·ϸ£ɫǵ뾭ϡڡɫħƲͬûô壬Ǹһʥࡢصĸо

Īмæ

ϸǹħ塣

ħһʼħ壬ᣬϾҲ࣬塣
Ѫʥ塣

ϹʱڣҶѡ
һ֧ϵ뿪壬ߵޣǿٻҰ̻ڣǻۡ
Ǵڸַħܹܿ

֮˸Ϊ޵

һ֧ϵ֮У޵ںѪΪ뵱ԽԽƵħ
ΪʼյԼѪԴڹǼħҲҪͨѪֿʶħ塱ĳƺ

ΪĻʷħ൱ߵĵλ

ΪŹħѪͳŻһͱΪʥŮħͬΪħ

ħλֻʵ
ʥŮλȴʵȨ޷ħ塣

أ𣿡
ϸһĪУ䡣

ϸħڵʥŮ
ѾжΣֻǸŮ״ĸѡ

Īлش
ϷˣʥŮѾûѶˡ
У֪⼸﷢ʲô顣



պĪ뿪ѩȣطħڡ

;ʱѩУ·
˸֣ڴѩͦ°ͬƮ㣬ڴѩзɡ

Īоȵϣ

޵شħ֮ĵط;żɼ

rǳЦһ˫ɨһۣ
ϽʥŮģΪѰ٣ϧѾ˼ҡ

ʱһ亹

ⶼ֪
ħr۹졣

漴֪أӵrĻʲôʵ
ʥŮţ

а
rɤͳ
¶ÿһ֣У

ɵĺܣΪͶλȥʥŮ

ŗ֣䭣

¡
һħƵѪӵݵϡ

ӻǸ꣬һֽɡǰһֱΪħѩվڵrôۡ
rӹӾʮԾɡȥһ߹ս

ɫѿ

ħں˵Щʲô
ʥŮˣ

ⲻӦð
ʥŮȥɽɸ󣬳Ե֮⣬һĿġħڷˣħǰrк
ӵԶˣôûrħצأ

Լħǹ˵rǰĪ˵ܣҪͷ

ĪУٵûһܰϢȥ



ʣмˣ
Żɫ·ҩȵһᣬһ꣬һѩ¹

ҡҡͷû

ǻµҲ˵
Ǽ֪ͨҩȣʱл

Ȼ

ⳡ̶Իɺ󣬻µתȥһˣλˣʡ

Ų߽еƷ

̾лƴ
鵤ۣīһֽʮݴŻݼۿҪʲô

ϸơ

ճҹ˵ǰƷĻƣǹеĹƾ͸ƵģûаҲ֪αװġ

԰ţ
īŷͼ鵤ߵ硣

ƶʱɫһ䣬ص
¥¥æһ㵽

¥һߣһ¥ϵĹֵ˸µĺУʥǷ⣡ˣһΪҪˣ

磺

¥
óֹģķԷ俪½ȼѩ¹ӽз˳

½ȼЩԹôŷҳ

֮Уɽˮس겻䣬оʱ仯š½ȼţֻʱ֪Ρ

ϵҩȵӣҷȥ𣿡

½ȼ
ô͸ȥأ

ѩ¹س˳ΧʱϲؽһҪǰȥԴ

½ȼһץס¹ǡ
룬Լ˿ʮ裬ôôͶأ



ݣҩȡ
ɽСУµ·طƺãһƣ̬

ɽŴʱŵĵӴ˸к

ŵĵʵҵ½ȼ𣿡

ҵ˵𣿡
طĵӴ
½ȼУӵôæҩҩĺ͵¯ûѧѧٺãҲûԼⶾ
ôȥѾˡ

һͬ
ɽҰģҰô࣬˵ѾԵˡ

ɹһҪҵˣҪҪʬ㱻Ұ޳ˣҲð·һ

˵׷̾һ
˽ĽǵޣɵҲ˰׵ģ

Ȼһ˵
ûоãе䣿

ҸҪ˵ˣ˹ѩɽû⣬ڲô䡱͸о˱βǴϼ׵׷״˺

ǳ˳죺
⡭ô°

ۼǱߡ

˷׷ȥ

һϮӰɽ֣ؽӽҩȵķЯŻȻɵıѩÿһͻ˪

еϳ˵ݣ

ҽõҽ֮һ
ҩȵ֮Укܶ˳羴ȻĲҽս

Ҳ뵱ҽޣ
Ҫǻ߲ҾͿԱỼߣᵽΪֹˡ

ߵҩſڣ
ͷͨǹ

ǷӦ˹Եȣȥͨˡ

ʱͨĵӾͷ˻˵


ǵӽҩȣɽ·һΣһɽ¡

շ廷ƣ̴̦䣬ϵᲱҲܱ¡

һϵİ׺շǰȼһֻ¯ӣȣ¯ϵĺѾУƮݡ
׺ˣҩȵĹӡ

ӵ
йϢȡ
ѾǻΪʲô£ŻʹϢȣ

һ˵ţһ̧֣˸ų

ˣеľƣ˵ҩʱ˲ѣվͻָ

Цһ
ҩ
ʲôҩҪԣ

·û⻰еĵ٩˵
ܳħ֮ҩʲô߼𣿡

ҩȣ̵ֽġ
ȻͺΪѡ

Сһۺ룬˵еһܷΪĶһȥΪûˣħȻҲٳˡ

˵Цˡ

˭˭˵Цأ
ӵ
ܳħ֮Թж봴죬жʧܡ
Ҳһ쵤ޣʵ̫Ϊˡ

̧ۣŷʵ
ΪСʦֶ

߻ħΪֹ壬ĺš

ӵ
˵㻹ǲţ˼Ҷѳɸˣ㻹ҪܡػʦĶûİɣ

Ĭ

ܳħĵҩҽûУԺӦҲСֻһ㡪ǧٽˡ
˵
ʿħĶԭвͬһͬǾħ֣
ǻħʿӰ졪ԽԽǷħ



ҹƷʱӡ
״ԲƷ༫ѣζǹƷ

翴ӣӾִֻġӰǾ仰ȥ򼸸ӣڴ˵أҪ߶

磺

ҹѾ½ȼ̸ˡ

½ȼǹ֮缩òĹ

ҹƢشǡ

˵Ҫץң

ȷ˵Ǿ㡣
ҹ̧֣˸ŵġһ֣
ֻ֮ҪһССıꡣ

½ȼ
̡



½ȼ֮󣬳ҹ˵
ҵ鵽һطӵĻԵ

ߴŲ

ҹϵᣬ˵
ɼȵᣬôĵ֮أϹؾ顯Ҳܹһ˿Ե֡




27.     ôôˣ

ؾ
֡
ժǺػ, ҲֻǸڱ档

ֻ֪иؾؾǴﵮġ
û, ֪ʶô㡣

ø첲ͱͱժǣʵ
֪𣿡

֪
ժ˵, 
ǱһϹؾ, ȲĽڣҪ, ʱ䣬ص㶼δֻ֪֪ޡ

糶˳ǣ
ЩҲ˼˵Լ֪

֪һ֪֪Ҳ֪
ժֱ׳, 
Լϰ

磺

ۼͿҪνŭˡ
ҹղ豭֪Ѿˣ鼮ŵУӦþֻдôࡣ

ժͷ

ؾһϹ֮أʿ죬֮ؾ
ҹ˵
Ҳ޼ɽɸ󿪸棬, ӡ֪⼸ˣȥؾ, ûþͷˡ
洴ĽڣؾӦþǴؾС

ɾˡ

˽Ҳ, Բ², ؾӦһʮָԣ֮ء
ҹ
Ҳޡ

ޡ
һͨ࣬ûԵ֮߱, ò仯ѳ֮Уһԡ
½ȼѩ¹ǰߣǺߡԶ׼߱ǰҪöࡣ

ҹ
˽࣬ʱѡ

ѡ
ʱҹҧζ

˶֪ʦǱµĶӣѾˡ

붯ϵڱӦǳͨġ



ݣ

УֿժǵĹ̨ϡ
ǧϥǰڷһյˮвҡΡǧӶˮƿ˰ΣҲ֪ʲô

ͽ̤ܶʯף˹̨һֻѩ׵룬
ʦʦõš

ǧӵؾ

ûпţѾ֪ΪΡ

ϰʦ֪Ӧǣ㱧Ҫ뿪ȥš

šǧӻסͽܡ
վǰˮ˵
ȥһ˰ɡ

ǧҪ¥һö䡣

һֻβЩɫĺĴųֱ޴ֺһöĽУĴų̨һξĸ߿ͣǧӵ˫۷·˵

ڽ

ڽﲢǷˡ
Ϊһ̬޴β޳Ϊ֮ŵ֡

ڽ޵廿һ

ԱؾȻЩӽʧԣ磬ȻƵǷǳǿޡ

ǧӽ⿪ڹ̨ϵһν硣

ڽŷ룬£ոպǧӵС

򿪺ӣһ顣
ǧӻֻˮ֮ˮŴʪųֳ֡

䣬ףǧֱʣ

δ
ǧ֪ӦҵĳһλϡѰ˿ɲַʽϸҵ˲ࡣ

ŵݡ
ʵô֪

ǧʣ֪ѪԴ

֪壬ΪϹʱһĺᡣ


һʵõдҲס
ܹأ֪ͨδһӵеܡԳԴĶ֪ͣǼ١

ϹʱڣһӵŴǻۡ󷨡֮һʼ

𾴣ûԭġ

ǧӵ˵ͷ˵
ӵԤ֪֮ܣȻҲͻ֪ңﲻԭˡ

ʣô֪֮ʦأ

ǧ˵
磬ﶼ᲻֪˳СеĲΪǲھƣУʵעǸھ֮ˡ

Ҳǡǡ˲п֮
һ޳ʵע

ǧֵ
ܸߣΨ֪ߡµģ壬ǲʦ


ҼǵãʱһΣʦҽ˽Ϊʦ֮ܣǲȥδʵϣʦ֮ǿˡ

ǧӵ˵ͷ˵
ңժǽʼųԤԣȻỳɵϡ

Щǣ
鷳𣿡

鷳鷳ˡǧӸֵĳ̶ֳ˵֮£ڻٵһͳĴҵ

ô죿

ǧӽŷŻ˵
ٳգҲΪһѾõɣܲġ

̸䣬һӴʯ
ʦ֣ˣǸе󷨱޸ˣҶȥˣ

ȡ
ԵͬʱֱţطԤҲûС

һҲ
ԤʲôǧʱҰ



Ʒͣպ󣬾ͺͳҹҪ֣ص˼½ȼɽҲɽ
ɽҪƽ¥

ɽݽÿһЩ̸һװɡָӵ
ԺΪҶˣͽСҡ

ժǵ㻹˼ǳԶ

Ŀޣ
ϾҪɴµˡ

ǣ
治ǽ޺ͽмӿ

׬ǮǵһҪ
ȱõӸú󷨣ٷõ¯
ΪЧʣʮһ¯

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ǲв

½ȼڵ˰գٳʱѾ۵־㱡

½ȼʦš

ǣСֵ侲

½ȼΪҩͽ仰˵˼͡Ҳûʲô

Ҫ
ҪƷֻ½ȼһޣ˻ȥһ鷳

ĵҩ


δ˵ֺ꣬Ȼһװŵҩİƿ͵˵ϣѣƬ͵һء

ӣôˣ
õָ½ȼ
ҩȵСӣǲԵҩʲôֽţ¶ˣ

½ȼûС
ҪסͶĴԩˡ

صҩɨ𣬲˵
ûϵԼ⡣

ոպȻúܲ

ĳԺ
ץסˡ

ʵժǣҸǧʦŵ룬߼ˣ

ժǻشˡ

˵
ҽһֱݣҲݣֻҪ졣

ɳȥ춼ûл
ԭֵˡ

Ҳæûüأ
ժǲ̫֪ǧӻ£
Ǹش⡣

ϴڽǧӣԼνǧ˵״̬ʺٽܾش⡣
룬ѯؾ֮£ԻǧӲشƺ

ҡҡͷ˵
æҲöʦֻҵš

Σķ磬޻һܿµ顣
ǧ֪һ㡣
ⲻţ˵ǡ

ժǣȥһǡ



˷ɽһգǡ

ַһʢ̬֮
ݵĻվڽͣµڹ̯ǰϰ̸ۣҵĴСѡȹ
һж

ժǶ˲ԡ

ôĵӣ

ǹΪܣдźڰƴɫӷͽڳ߶ά
ֻгѲߣЩʦǡ

˳ǡ
˳ż·Ǳ߽





̨֧һʮֲӦӡ
ϰһ裬豭߷ţǧռһ

ǧӵͷ

ǲ豭Ȳġ
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һŽ£ϴĵĻƽָˣ״ߵĹŹľȣŶǰߣ
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ţһȣ˽ڰƴɫ·ĵӶ
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˽ΧסľȰָָţ
˶ˣһʮŸ

̨ϡ

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Ӵڣʮӣȫͽ

ǧޱؿű֮

ֵ
ͽʮһ󣬻һ䡣ǧֵ÷񣿡

ǧӵʹȥеһ˿̡
̧Ŀʱ

ЩЦ⡣

ǧʵһʮСѾͷ³ǰ

ϣҵĳϣиǧ꣬ħյrĴħͷҪϡ

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˵湻ģûأ

ϵ컬ʱ𣿡

ǧӵȻ컬ࡣǰʵҴ𲻳ֻЩĻ˵

𲻳

ѳɽɸ󣬾͹磬Ϊ׷ɱ١ѰһˣѶȿȴ롣
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ҲҲ

зһЦҲǲҰɣ

£ֻе֡
һµ֮һֻ룬ǧӴõֻ

ϵ
ֻҪŷֻӣ׷䶯򣬾ҵСѾͷˡ

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Ÿӵ֮˽󷨽⿪Ҫŷɳȥ

ǧһס豭

вˮɳɷУֱ룡

֮δϵ˺ݾûüӦǸӽѪӹ̨Եȥ

ŭֱ̧㳯ǧӻһ

ǧӲǵ֮죬ֻüסӾٻƤϸһѪߣ

̧֣ʾֹͣľȣ
ȻǧҪͽô㽫˰ɡ

¡

ǧǰһˮٶȳͽǱߵľ󡪡

Χͽ˫ֽӡʮʩ취ɫ𣬷գһ
ҡһ£귨䣬˫ֻһ˲سͽȥ

ǧһ˲ҪĿġ

룬ҪסһĻҪεؼסȴ
ضסˮĻ

һĻȴѪɺ֮

£δͽһ˲ʧֻһƮͿաһֹֻģķ

֣

һӰżײ籼ţӹ֮£ֳС

ڰŮ£.ۼžҪεĺ󱳡ܲһڽں󷽡

ɫڽײ
䣬̶ġ̡

лŴӽ﷢ôң㻹ܸһ𣿡

ܵġ
ʵΪش

ֹ˽ϣֱĽһʽֻλӽΪԵУΪɱˣǽժǽڽʽֱӷ˳ȥ

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ժǵԶȥ

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ԾӲסѸ϶ȥ

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󷭣վȽŲȥѪ
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ⶼʲôʱˣӻţ

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Ӳʹҵı˹еɫʵҶһ˴֮󡣡

в壿
岻ú޴ţʲôһͳĴҵҪӹһɿʼôôˣ

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ӡ

󷨵һ壬󣬾ͺȥˡ
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磬㲻

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ҲǲǾҪûˣ

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鷳ҪǿƣǧӶ˶٣ֲһ䣬ҲС

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ȻǸޣΪûժǽԽܺѡ

磺˵ʵĺᲷʦ졣

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ǧӣ
ǧ˵׷ΪʲôˣĲϲ

磺
ĵİ
˵ϲժǿɲԶˡ

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Ҳϣǧʦ壬ҵǰ·Ҫҳıơ

ϵأңǹȪ

ľȡ
֮Ϊī󷨣ӿ֣ƣҪ̨ɡ



ɱߣᱻ飬Ϊ֮ȫߣǱֱûʧ˻ꡣ

Ҫ
֮ϡ

ܿ죬һʻꡣ
֮ǵضǧӽԱУ


ˡ

оԼѸʧ

һж֮ʱ

Ȼܵһ˪ѩ

һ⻮ţ

󷨡ѡ

ƾŸоץס˽⡣
ͷԼ߬ŵģһϵɫƮĺ

˪

翴̨ڡ
һϮӰϣй֮ؽ˪

߬һѺɫĽ֮ǰĽһʽȥժǽ
׳

æס

ժһ磬Ļ治ǸýޣôԼĽأ

ͷ
죬һ·ˣ

ժǱˡ

̨һƬž

ߵǰùϵ˪

ϵҲҪһ˺Ƥ

˵
ϣҵ̫үԪףɸ˼
ʦֶǧӣһûȫȫβ뿪Ҿͻȥɱ




28.     ǳ㵹

磺
ϣ

ʲôƽĿ˵ݵĻ
ˡ

һﾪ
̨, һ˲ֻ˷׷׵һ졣

Σ, ϣѵ
, ⻰, ɲΪɵɸ˵ġ

һִ, 磬ɫƮˮ㣬Ʈҡζֹ

ڹ̨ϡ
ǰ, ޷Խ벽

Ƣôõҽ޵
治Сû뵽ҷб̵εһա

ϣ

Ұİ磬ʲôö˾֪ε˾ӣٺûƲЦ

վں󷽣Ц
ЦսŵĹ̨ϣԴ̶

֮Ҫ
һ̧, Ͷ˷Ŵ̹Ǻüۣ̲סһ¡


, õ߲õѡɡ

ϲŹ, 
أ

, ߳ȥյ·
ƽ
, ɱ˵أɱԪס

̷࣬

ɷǻڵĴܣǸϰĽĽޣսʱɱ
ҪڳЩ壬һ̨ܽϡ

вʣȴҲֻЭÿ·˵
֮£һúüס

ص㡣
Ų˹̨

羭ʱ

ߵӣߣŪ죬Ǵ

粻ںشϣ˳⣬Ҳһʱ³Ҳòȥѽ



һʱ

ݵĻɽմšǧǰ棬һһժֵ˵̡

ǲǲҪˣŪʮѽĻŮˣȻǸϲɵĸĺŸյõҼ£ҡ

ϵ
ʮѽŪġ

ժǣ

ʵܲˣֻסܵǰȥס

ժȥֲҿʵ̫ˣֻߺߵںǧһ

ժͼǧҹͬ⣺
Ǹ.԰ɣ

ǧûԸ
ҵǾͦõġ

ժǣ

ŵĴǧûʲô϶ʲô

ǧȻƽάǸɷǡûģժ˹ȥ

ժǣ
˲Ծ

ڷԱߣʵ
Сʦ壬ô

Ļ

ɴҲʡ

ɽɸӣνԾʱ֮Ͳٻͬ׽ˡ

ֻǷɱϹ̨ʱǸӣ֮Ĺϵδ˺ѵĴ

̾ʱ

ĬѾõķͻȻ˵ˣ
һҩȣɸ·ժǽķɳˡ

֣зɳ


ϻװӵĽ֡
֮Ͼ

ժǽǻ˵ģ׾ʹժǶʹ֮У˽⵽Σ

ȡ˽֡

û׷
ǧѾȫ

ҲͣٳۣҪɽɸ

ȵȣСʦ壡
ƣæס˷ۡ

Ȼͣסˣ
£

䲻ȣȴִĳֲײڴƺڵһЩ顣

Ǹʧɸͽ
ҵǬҰɣûǮˡ

֮ǰץɸʱǬժǽһ𱻷ˡʱֻȡժǽûǬ
統ʱæҲȥȡӾһֱڷˡ


Į
û´ΰɡ

ǰǴóһˮɫǬӸ硣

ĿͷԶȥ

ǧߵߣʵ
㲻𣿡

û͡
¶һ԰׵Ц
ժǣǧʦ壬Ӻҡ

䣬ŻһѪ浹¡
վںժǱ˸ʵ

ժǱ磡ˡô˵û°㣿

巨ǹ̨ܷѹʱΪƣǿñͲƵľϼˡ

ղܹúõߡǿŵĽ

硣
ǧʵ
ΪҪڷߺŵҽޣӦҽŶԡ

ҲҰ
˲ߵѪ˵
ҪǸĻᣬĵһ¿϶ҽңȰϡ

ҽ޵ɲ˵ġ

ǧӣ



Թȥ֮󣬱ժǺǧӴɽ

½ȼһ߸̽һü
δˣ̫ˣҵˮƽκá

ժǵôôûã

½ȼժǴү鷳ҩȹΨһĵӣҺ㡣ҶҽõˣϾ󲿷˶Ϊ

ժŭ𽣾Ҫ
㾹Ȼ磿

½ȼ
⻰˵ͨˣ

ժǺ½ȼһš

½ȼ߳ŭãûأ

⻰һոջ𾢵ժǣϥǶȥǽǻȦȦˡ
һ߻һֹ
Ҳõİˣؼʱɲóܹ𡭡

ǧվǰ

ǬŶ˶עˮļƷʯװŵҩİԴƿॡһء

½ȼͶǽǵժȫˣ
ʲô

һдֵֽ

½ȼסֽ
дҩǬеĵҩôԣ֮ʲôɻ䡣
дЧһӡ

ǧվһԵκ𣿡

½ȼֽܡ



ʱѾ֮ˡ

ţ˳Юҩϴ޸ÿһ羭

Ϣ

Դħħ򶷺ľһֱ״̬϶ս˴ء
ֱգڿʼָˡ

֪λʥֱֵʡ

վƿ

ɽĽֱ࣬¥ɽҰľЩ֮صζЩ񷱻ĹС

źڰƴɫ·¥ȥȥе޲󷨣еڰһЩԾռ֮Ʒ

ӣ
ϳǵĵӷ

Ŷԣ֮ǰЩװֽӡЩǣӦǱǧӷųˡ

֮±仯

Լ

ǧʦ塣
ͷҲأͱϳ˽˭

ǧӹʱҲɺϣƺ㵽ʱ

ֹˡ
֪統ǰɻʲô
ɽˡ

ʣȥ𣿡

һ󷨱˸ƣ׹¹ĵطʺפˡǧӵеһΣͺеڶΡ

Ȼưոݡ

ڴ˹ͷҪ䣬ֵܰæɽոպá

磺ɽԺɾҲѲϵˣǧʦɲҪڡ

ƷȻ̬ȴģ֪ǲڽⲻ͸ĶȨߡ
̬Υ

ǧӵкκûڣ

磺

ͷǧӡ

Էӣֻǲ϶һѪʵ󣬷ɫδָİ׺ۡ

ȴùŹ֣
ǧʦ壬ܾ˵˺ܶࡣ

ǧӵ

ʼ

˵ǴǾǴɡ
ʹ˵㡣

ң˵Ǽ£֮á

ǧӶС˼⣬
⣬ħһ

磺

Ǹôʻ㡣
ϡħ͵ġĸ֣ͱһͷ۵Ĵʡ

Ҳա

ǧӵ㲻ȥһۣپҪҪա

أ



ǧӣһɽ
Եɽ·Ѿ̺˴룬ƺǼǵ˵Ҫ·Ļֺǣֹʯϸһף˰ʯϡ

·ãȻ硣
ǵʱҪɼţ˼Ǯۿǵ·һ顣

磺ôӻ³𣿡

˵꣬ͻȻʲô
СʦҵǬأжǮ

ǧӵ
һƷʯƱ㲻Ʒ⣬Ҳ縻һˡ

ʧ
ʦǮ

˵Ϊͬʦ֣ػǲǸ÷ʡһԼ



쵽ɽµʱɽ·һЩˡ

Ǹδȫɵꡣ
Ӧϸʰ޹ˣһɫ·һпõĽͦģġ

һ㡣
ʵ벻˭ˡ

ãȻʵ
Ӳǵ𣿡

ժ֣ѵ
ǾȹǸħѪСӰֽ䭡

ժôһ˵ˡ

ɽʲô鷳Ϊʲôɽ¡ȵȣ

˵˵ţͷӦ˹
ħҵ

粻ͬü

ǸƤ࣬ʰ޺ȫǱӣݽϻӦûͦ˻ӭġ
ħᰡ

ħrǲԴĸ̫ԣ

Ǹʿ
ǲĵ

ƺΪҲ
ǰλŮޣ¾ҪΪ°׹ˡȵģԡ
ңƺǻ˵ˡ

ϵ֪Żȱ֣ңԺЧӡ
˵ֲ̫꣬˼һͷҽħʱж̣δѧЩʲôֻܸЩӻ

ͷˣ
Ϊʲôħڣ

Һ׵˵뿪ǣѰһطţС޵̣ħлرӶ顣

磺

Ұɡ
䭼ٳٲӦΪڻ
㲻ħ£ֻһˣӿԷġ

Сֹ
ħҲôԵס

̾˿
ҹɡ
Ҳ֪ɽʹ㣬Լʲôʲôɡ



ʱת۾͵¡

Ϊ׵һżƷʯƷ⿪ʼϢ
һӾƷֿ࣬ҷֵꡣ

ͬʱƷƷʼΡ

Ϊ½ȼĴڣƷʼ۵ҩ
صķָǮһЩĵƵƷҩ½ȼǸƷҩٷָۡ

ʿҪҩҪҩƣʱҩҲܺá
֮Ҷ벻ҩ

ˣƷĵҩܺߣر죬˱ֺǺǡ
еڵҩȡ˼ҵķ롣

絹̬̹Ȼ
͵˰ɡ
ҪµҩȣǵͲǵϯʦˡ

Ӧ͵˵Ķԣ

½ȼ
ΪԸ⵱ǵϯʦ

Щǣ
ҩô죿

ժǹϵػش
ʲôǸǣǾͰˡ

̧֣ڲһᣬ
ȫɵһҲ

磺

ǲʲôԣžߴžߴ֣
ժǴү˵öԣһҲ

ҲǲС
½ȼΪʦ棨ûɹҩͽĲܿԡ

·ӣ
ˣӶճһˡ

ǧӵͽܶһֻˣ
ʦãдӱš

Ϊ˰ڸؿŷֵƷ鱨Ϣ׵ӣѱһ롣
鱨ûãͱ˽ˡ

ллʦ֡
лϲš

ࡣ

ϸµʱΪ˻ȡؾϢдϵࡣ
ؾϢûõ٣ʦ֮Ϣ½ˡ

Ʒڱ˶ҷָʦΪƷ֮һʮۡ
һʦùձķָʦкҰϵĵطɾ֪һȫΪ

Ȼδ˵״ܴпڱúܲ˼ʹϵûʲô⣬Ҳɸ˹Сˡ

һİƷ£Ƕûæıô߱λ

ĵѾõ磬һ



µ׵ʱ

ҹɽӡӳλƣ״ԲƷϺã

ժǵ֪ɽж𣿾𣬹˭ԣ

ҹҲƢ
һͷ˶ɹ͹

ժˣ⻹ࡣ

磺
㵽ʲô
ûӰǾ仰򼸸ȥڴ˵أҪ߶
ҪΪӸԼϵ

ҹ˵
ӣصˣƷҲЩˣøĸЩˡ
˵õģȡ

Ҳ֪ȡʲô֡

ǧӵ˸ǩͰɡ

˻ǩͲ˦ǩ

ҹǩ
ֱһǡ֣һ㡱֡

Ц㡯𣿡

ǧӣ˵
˵ӺǧΥ⣬ҿҲδȻֻγǩӵ˼ء

ǳʦۿ֮ˡ
ȡһ㡱֣㣬Ϊǳ㸲֮⡣




29.  ͷ   ۷

ĳϦڵˡ

֮, ҸŵƽʣڰѩӳӰ
Ҳˡ
Ψһҵ껹š

޵ӽ˳ǣԽڳ򸽽, ɹģֻ޷, ȱ١
Ҳ, ǳƷĳ͡

Ʒǰ, ֵĻӣҪµҹҵϡ

ƹģƷˣ

ϴƷ, Ծȥǩǩƴ˸֡
Ƶ꿪ʼƷͽСˡ

ʵһʼǴΪ¥ġ

мɽԣŻûգ;ӵ߽һүģ
ǵƯµĹ

ǣ

ϸһ룬ͳϡ
¥¥

ʵҲ¥⡣

ǹе޹, ȣò, ʤ˼ཿ
, ϶׬Ǯúܡ

ϧӲ

û취, ֻ޸ģΪˡ

ҵĻƴȥ
Ϧ, ɳôڣɽˣ

޵һЩƷҩŵʦʦ֪ƹɻп棿

һЩ֪ɳá
ƽ˵̣ɳɡ



ݣɽ

Ϧǰҹɽ˴ѩһֱµҲδͣƮɽװعŹǹϵĵҲһ

ֺģҡ

ҹ
ӲҪ⡣
һ򷱻֣ÿÿҹǽշΧÿ³³³šԪϦȴڣҪúء

ҹ˵ӷģѾԸˣףףǳ鷳
ɽ˻ų֮ΪԲС

ҡҡͷ
⵹ǲ⣬ֻЩϰߡ

ԷļѲǵõĴ඼ǽɸ֮顣

ɽɸϣԶдգһ굽ͷ徲ġ
ҲǸæģʮزӰԵЩѵ

ҹʣ
ϲ𣿡

ŽüдǳЦ⣺
ϲϲ

ΪΣ

˵
ԣﲻϲΪ谭еִҪ¡

¥֮ÿɷ
Ҳδ̫Щ

˭˵أ
翴ɽȥӹָֺԵժǣ˵
ϲ죬Ҵʱܻϲ

˵꣬ͱŽˡ

ҹվں󷽣԰ײϴǳЦ⡣Σҡҡͷ
ڹж꣬һͼһңϡû뵽ȴһգҾһʿͬһ;ıһ£С
Եⶫ



ɽ߶ţʱʱĹǺǴк
ͣͣ䣬ɽϡ

ɽţѩƷ괺

һŽӿǸźںɫ·ĻѪꡣнƲô׼Ҳ˳ĿİأЩ׾

翴˰ΣŷߵĽкƣÿնģԴ׽

磺
ģµҲ̫˰ɣ
Ĵ߶ϲ

̾һסۡ

ܰ¡
ѩҪѩΪһ壬ۡ

˺ðΣ̧ĿվڲԶİŮޡ

һӾͺ
н𣬿ĿİͰ͵ص
¡ӡ

ңҲ͵ѧС

˵˵ž;òԡ
δ˼ҵĽⲻ͵ѧʲô

͵ѧǸص顣

Ϊɢ޴ΪռλʼЩ֯ɣ
Ϊɡ֯дУԽãķԽࡣҷ⴫˲ѧǵ

һ֣Ҫ׷Ҫǧָ

ԣɢ޴ǰ;ޣЩԭǿɣԽԽǿʢ

䭵ͷ
Ҳǹ͵ѧ

ǣĽָȡʱӰοԺ

ħҪʲôҲ룬ͻش˽

ɽÿտʱˮ֮ˣ̲ס֮
ͯŽѧԼ㽵ˣ˵ĵطһһػš

Ĭɽӡ

䭰յ룺
ˣҪϳɽˡ

Ų
вߵģҲеġûӶûУֱѧҵĽ

䭣G

繴˹֣䭵ĽͷɽС

ҪҪѧͻĽЩˣſѧ

䭣G

GʲôG
ɽԺӵ˶úܣҼ裬ѧ㹦ʱ𣿡

֮ǰһֱţ˭һ䭡ڵ֪ϰ뷨Ǹոպá

ʵ
ѧѧѧɽȥ

䭾ϲѧȻҪѧ



ǣվϣŷѩ䭻

ѧЩ

Ҳġ
Ϻܶ๦򣬴ӺͯʱھҪʼѾЩˣѾ೤ɣٶǻѡ
ǸѪ棬㣬Ҳѧɡ

е㱩ꡣ
ӽȥ

ҪΪͷôҲᴫˡ

ѾˣͣϢڷѩеĽޣʵ
ӣ㲻ѩ𣿡

Ĵܣ඼һʹĳ뻯£ڵѩˮߣЩ˵׾¡

䭿ס
Ϊʲôѩȥ
ѵʲôѩϲã

˵
ͬһƬ£㱻ѩܵһǱȴɸɾﲻƽ⡣
СʱʱΪ壬ѩʦʦֻҪڣͻһܣЩ

һٲ´ʱһϽˮԷƢʱûбֱǸ漣

ԭ
û뵽ôһݻش

֮ʣ˵
͵ɡ
ϦˣҶڹڣҲȥɡ

ǡ
˽



ɫʱɽϹŵĵˣ¥Ҳ֡

һϯ
Ĳǹ־ޣֻһͨˣʳ󲻴ϯϵʳﲻֻ࣬нӺһЩճĹ

䭽С
ԱѰһλˣλ롣

һǧӽˡ

Ҫλá

ȻģɽҲģõ¸صĳϵĵ

ãɣŲˡ
ǧұߵ¡

˿Ŀϣ˼شƬ̡

ʵˣ

磺
Ÿտʼأ㵽ôֵģ

ƺ֮ǰһˣҪ΢ͦһЩˡٹЩʱգöˣıԽԽ˶ܿ

磺
аɣǧʦһܶ

ǧʵͽ𣿡

˼һŴ
ʱû㡣
ûд²󣬴ûͽ¡Ҳ鷳ûĵԸ񣬻ʺ϶һˡ

ɣ˵
ңͣ˽ʦ𣿡

δʮһꡣ
䭶ʮ˻ʮţ

ôʦͽƵĻһŤ

⵹ûʲô
ǧƺһ
űгҺƺ˹˳ӡ

ʦЩǰǸֻ󼺵Լľ½Ժõɢޣʱʹ⣬һҲͽܡ

磺
¶û˵

ʵΪʲôͽأ

ǧ˵
ʽ嶨õĴˣʽ崫ͽɲУʱɸĸһֱڴ
뷨ֻԼ˴Ҳûãһֱͦİꡣ

ǧӼ
Ȼ谭ΪͣԪӤڣ޷ٽ
ʦӸָһ·ͽġպһɽɸеӣʦŵĵƼʶۣǲͰˡ

磺
ԭͽΪа

е⡣
ԭʦȻһˣ

ػ־ãƺҲȻ

ʦµһػʦһ޳޳ǲʲô£ġ

ʱħrǵһʦػĳƺžֻʽ崫ˡ
ͽܣչʮ꣬ٳغսħޣƽµһ

ǧӵ
ƣͽܻЩôġ

˵˵ȥȰͽܡ

Щգ
ɡ

ͽ¿ɲ棬˵վյġ

ҹ˵¡˿Լұˣʵ
˵ʲôأ

ûʲô
ִӣһֻƤӨڷ۵ˮȡ
ͦƯģ˭ģ

ǧһھƣҡ

磺
ҹ

ΪǸմ˼̻˴ܣû뵽㾹Ȼǧӡ

ѽ̽ȥǧӵ֡

˫޳𪣬ָ׷ձĶ˹ţֹ֮䶼͸
Ҳȷһ˫֡Ụ̄˵֮֡

ǧǰһҪնǮţ
ܸоĽӺù󰡡



µһ꿪ʼµ;

ǴռίУʿǽȡίлñꡣ
ам˵ĽɫίбгȡٲΪѡ

İǺ⣬ʿҲ⣬˵ѵһȫ⡣

󻹿ʼչˡ

ʿὫһЩǣǮƣὫЩһЩתȥ߻һЩõĶ

һͻʱʱðһֵһ۵ĺö
ʿҲԴ˸ϰߣǾǳһ䣬ûʲô

Щ˿׬Ǯеˬϻ߰Щ鷳

Ҳ֪кα죬Щ鷳ˣʵʵر죬伣ˡ



ӣָչϡҩ嵥

ӹֽţԿһ顣
תֵݸ½ȼʵ
ϴ赤

ϴ赤ܹϴ׹ǣ츳ƽƽ֮˵ĸǱãС
ϡеĵҩ֮һҪõĵر㼯˲ϣõ¯ĵҲһֻ֡

˻ȥȴмС

½ȼһ£š

˵㲻绹ǲҪϴ赤ⶫֻµʿϣĲϺ͹򣬷ֺá

Щٸ߼ҩ׬Ǯϴ赤

ϴ赤
˰壬Եݽ嵥ĹַԸ
ųϢԣϴ赤ΪΪڼµʿμӣ䡣
ʱ䶨ɣʲôʱ򣬺ǧ¥顣

½ȼ
ԭôһ壿

½ȼע⵽˹ؼ֮ţʣµһأ

Ѫ꣬
䭣һϴ赤Ǹġ

ܳҪл

˵
Ϊ˱δԾȵϴ赤ʧȥʤĶԣΪһͷ
ܹҾΪͽ

һʱסˡ

Сĵ硣

½޻ͬһһƽţصģ
飬ڶ档

Ҳû˻ͽ¿Ц

ʵ
ô

䭵ͷ
лӣһŬ



ϢųΪ𶯡
ɶġ˭ԼҵӸǱһЩأǺˣԺΪܸߡ

ҲðһЩ

ڲɣ⵽ǰʲôġ

ɲˡ

ԾͽµĵӲμӣжͼı

⣬ȻҪ󶯾£ˡ֮£Ǹܳɴµˣֻ⣬ǿϧˡ

ǱӦ
干Ըμӱԣֻ

⻰˵û˷ԡ

ȻԶ֮ǰй϶һֱڡ
ڴҶ֪ĻǸĻѪҪ޺ãƺҲʲô¡


˵Ҳп

¶Ŭ彻֮¶ûһȥ¾ͷˡ
ԵǸĶʱûʲôãʱֱʲôá

Ҳ֪Ǽϴ赤Ҫȫʵ棬д㡣

ûãɽɸҲӦˣ
ɸɳӣμӱԡ

ħһ¶ҪɽɸԡɽɸҪ飬ǾһҪһŲС

ħҲųϢ
ȻħڱûвӦĵ

ħ⻰˵ÿơ

ħڲͽʼ̬ͱø

ⳡõıԣȻһԣǳħ޵һִ
̫ڡ̫ڵȴɣ׷Ӧ

磺

rһĴħͷ
²˵緭ǿһһģû˱ȵù




30.  仯   ʮ֮ˡ

ǰ, һã¶ѩ׵󣬶, һ˿ϡ

½ȼǲ˿Ϊ̽

ժǵȲ
ôˣ

½ȼ˵Ѿ޸òˣ˳, ΪӦԪӤȶˡ

һ仰, ڳ˶һ

ֻ, ӵľУƺһ˿ħΪùħΪħ

µһ

ժǱŭ˵ܲһ˵ꣿ

ͦá

ħһֱδ, ҲûɶӰ죬һʱµġ

ǧӿ˿ڣ
㻹ħ֮±

ƽػش
İǧʦ壬ֽء

ժǽ
ҸˣҪǧʦæһ˵λá



ݣء

سһСв˼ңհס׼һλСүಡ, ꣬Ѿˡ

, ǲҪˣ
ڴϵСſڵҩһŷ۵С, 
ǲۼ԰һˣ

ڴߵĹ˵
˵, ɢҲƣҲҪκ㡣԰˵, ҪˣҲҪˡ

ʹӵźºҩ

׷˴һȡ۽
Щġ

۽Ǵӳǵģֱִýʱᵽζġ

źķ¿ˮ

ǰǷҵүʱ۽Ҫپж٣һֱ̫壬ԡ

ɺˣļҲϳ˼š
ҲʳǵүΪڵ׼ҳˡ

ǷҴүʱ׼ҸЬ뵽ڣΪ׼Сҩһ۽ֱ̿ˮ

Ҳԡ

Ա㲻ԡ׷˽۽һ飬Σ۽ȥ˰ɡ

ʩ֮ˣȴֲֳܱߣĺ볢һζ
ͷлʹ͡

ӹ۽ûá

׼ҵĹ´Ҵææˣ
ˣү뵽ˣ

棿
׷ϲվ



պҩȵĹأΪ׼Сүβ

ԲԵϹΪ
缲ѰҽˣܻѾʵס

׷Щ־޳
׼һؽϳɽɲΪ仰

Ī
ӵ
Ϸֻ˵Ѱҽû˵ҩȾȲ⺢ӡ

վһԵİү
˵ֻҪܾǺηҰ׼ҶԸһԡ

ӿŰʵ
СԵԸһɵ

ЩãȻ

˻һүͰ׷ת䣬ӱ˱Ϊϲͷ
ȻԸġ

磬˭ֲ֪ɵĺãʳ֮ڷ֮˶ԣ붼ĻԵ

һƿҩ

ԭýСϰ֮ӻһһߣκ⺢Ѱֻ°һա
ӵ
˵˾鵤һһ֮󣬱ڡ

˵
⺢Ӳʺϰҩ֮һɽɸǱ⺢ӡ

ֻԴԺ󣬴ɵɵԶ⺢ӵĳԵҪˡ
ź룬˵
ɽɸ֮δúϧ֮ɡ

үͰ׷¶ᡣ
ɱ֮һžۣܻһЩ˵ΪҪ

лָ㡣

վһԵķΣСȥƿڰߵĵҩ
һһ֮󣬱ڡ



ҹ˶Ъ£ƻȻžİ׼ңȻֳ

ҩأĵҩأ
׷˱ѰõҩΪ𽥷Ķӣÿ˳

ܼҵϣ
гӵ˶

һ׼Ҵլƻһʹվһš

ܼҵ˵ܿͷһˣ
үˣǸзεСӲˣ

ˣ



δź£ܹƻ𣬴Ӳ񷿺˳ȥŰŻҩƿغŵķϣҹ뿪ء

ƿҩһ֮ܽڡʱѰһɣһλΪʦ
֮һϲͨλڡʹ֪ԼδĪˡ

ӦûΪǸţΪͽ

ʱɵ
Ҳ˵ĲܷѡҲûٽʹҲҲΪӶ
ƴȫɵ۷壬λ˿жڴʦһⲻһ

ξ⡣
ʵԸı˵Ŀ󣬳սʤ˶߰ľ֮ҩθС

һ·ӽɽ

£ĵҩУҩζ˱Ƕ

Ҫ¡

ȻԼǰһھ£֮Уƺһľȵˡ

ϵӣҺҡ



͹һء
ԶͿسһ˼ҵƻͨҹϨ˾ŻѴӿܵϣسﰤҰš

Сֹ
˰ҹ˯ʲôѧǹҹҹϸ𣿡

ǳˡ
Ը
ˣҹȥһ¡

˵꣬˰׼ҵԺ

׼ҵʹӼͻȻϻ彣ֵûָ
ʲôˣ

ǳŵѾϢȵİΪıĹˣԺеһ

̫Ѱ
ֻһۣ׷˾;˼͡

׷ʶһ㣬Ű˳վǰϥһ䣬ͨһˡ

ͷ磬к
ӣȾ⺢Ӱɡ



һɻɽǧӵġһʮֻ

һֻֻܴһһдµޡŵˣΪһ£ֱдʮͻʮֻӡ


벻ôõģ

ô淨ѱֻŹð

֪ɵ¡
ҲҲڶ˽룬õ޼ɵˡ

ϣʦ˵һ˵ʦá

ף˵֮տԶᵽλʦ֪Ӻʱ𣬾͸Ƶģʲô¶˳


ʦǲ½ȼʦ˹ƣ

ǧӲ֪ʲô
һһչ

ûץ
֮󣬾һι£غһ˼ң⻧˼ﵱͣǰʲôȱ¡

д
ⷽǸ۲۵Сˣ޵ħrϣһɶ񡣡

һ仰˵˱С˸ӡ
ⲻڿ޶ˣ˵Сж

ǧӶţֽд
㽫̫ˡпᣬն񣬱ħߴӲУֻ㻹ûôˡ

ڸң걻ɽɸ󣬰µһػΪʦŷԽ̵ֱʮ뿪
ù˳ºʦţҲ˳֮ˣ֮ɽ֮꣬١

ǧдûöŴȥ

ǰһ˼һ𣬽Ѿдõճ˻ҡ
ִʣд
̫Ժسࡣһ֮λ



һա

˰鵤һúһĹˣһ߹ע״
ֱСӵĲȶŵ׼ңصɽ

ɽʱժǸԱ߷ţЦ
ǾȻǾȿѵĴˣĵӣ

ʵ
ѵ𣿡

ժһ㿪ʲôЦģ
ҪܳƵˣɽɸǾͶǻ

ûһ
ժǣƶˡ

ժǣ

û뵽ҪݵʦɽɸǾȵԼСʦ𣿡

˵ʦֶأ
ժǵɱ̫СԼı֡



ӸѼҩɽ֮½ȼͽ¡
ٳʱӣѺһƬ

ֻƿҵ硣

ŮվɽϣժǽȻƣѧ

½ȼԶԶؿš
룺˲ôʹʱƯ

ǳҩȣЩҽһһӵгƻ˵Ľ޵ġ

һ׽ʽ꣬½ȼǰ
ϴ赤ˡ

ô죿
һֻƿк
䭣ҩ

˽߹ƿҩˡ

½ȼ
Сӣ鶼һµ
ҩжô찡

½ȼŤͷ̾һ

˲䣬½ȼоһ

һ̴ԶƮǰΡһֻſ׵Ĵҹĸ֣еĹ

һš
˫־𣬽磺
ӣţ˵Ҫٰӱԡ

ⳡԣѾ漰ɽɸħڡ塢̫ڡ̫ڡ
ǾãԼǲϽһŽԵЩˡ

ʵǴӦǡ

˭֪ȥΪ彻սԶ飬Щеǰ̴ϡ

ΪβӦ
絭Ȼ
ԸμǾٰĴȣǸӣǵĵλԴ֮޾ͻӵӰˡ

֮ǰεϹء
û뵽Լˡ

ҵìڣ׾˵ġ

һŽ˵䭣ʱˣҾͰ󡣡

䭣


½ȼ

ӣŭյЩյԼˡ

䭾ŵ
һӮģһӮģ



ʱʼ޽ǫ̨̃ļ󣬼Ϊ󷨣һٻ޸

߿֮
ǧɽ̨ƯϷΣ޽¥󣬿ɹ̨֮սҲɵӴ֮ء

˵̨޳ʲô֮󣬲ͬ
˴£ôһΣҲ̫˷Щ

ĻƵ
ôֻһأ

Ǹ˵ˣȽ̨Ͷ⿪ţΪҪ֮ṩ
Ըͷְ񵥣ԺûܵĻֶһƷܻ֮࣬СɰֽϺõĵ

Ҳ統˵̨

һͶˣ
ã

ǽޱصûУܴ򡣿û˱Ǹרҵ



ʱת
Ÿµʱת˲һ껨ʱڣȿʼʣʱ䡣

Щʱ緢һЩ¡

rչ¶Ұģޣ˺ϻɡϻɵ˴룬ű׽С붫Ǩݡ

ذѾһɢɳĺϻɸΡ

Щҡ
ӡϻɵӻйǣȫͬһ鶼Щ΢

û뵽֮꣬ȻЩ˹£

ûдŸrҪϻɵš

ֻҪϻɵĵӡ
ź޵ĵʲôģrҪԼŰɡ

Ӻϻɵ˳š

񣺡ֻҡѣӾͶã֮

磺
ȵȣҡʲô

ɣӣҵţҸ㵱¯Ǿɻݻĺء
Ǹҡ

ģ̌֡
һǰһһҽסϳ



ֹգͽԱɽʱһʯϣ޿ٲ

ǵͬѵˣкʲô𣿡

ǧ˵Ұණϴɾɽ



ҡҡͷɽ

Ѫӵ
ͦصġ

˵Ǻϻɵӡ

ϻɵӣ
γ
ʦʮ֮ڣȥ

æסڵλãʦʮüʮ֮ڣ

Լ뷨û

Ǹˮ
ǱĻӸԻʲôˣԻƵġ

ʦ֣


ŽӸߴ¡
ǰ޸֪ͽѵɽ£ӭӡ


ʮ֮ˡ



벻ףǰʱͦ˵ģôع壬ͱһĺػǸأ

ɵǰӽ

̧ͷ
ʦȻδ䡣

ǰûʲô
ΪԪӤкڣͣͣٹϼʮϰ꣬òҲᷢ仯

ĳϣʵ˺ܶࡣ

ɽɸʽСͽܣ鼰Ϊ֪Ļˡ
ִֻҲִֻ֣ӣؼһ̾޴塣

˵
ʲôӣֻҪẰһʦ֡ͻǵ硣

üдЦ⣬
ʦȴˡ

ع鱱ʱ䣬ľƺǷ˺ܴı仯

ѰͣѾõΪ

ҪǣѲٴҡ
ͺԼúϻɵӳտ̹Ȼر¶˵֮¡

ζĳ̶ֳϣѾԼѪ

ֻҡ
ǰȫгٳع壬û

౻˰ΣЩڵŤͷŲ

˵
Ҳ֪ʦֺͶʦֿɻá

Ŷ
룬˵
û˵ʲôϢӦûɽɸɣ

ɽɸ޽յʱ䣬ǰ𲽣ڡ쵽ʱ俴ʵ϶ԣͲʲô

Щƣ˵
Ҳãų˶鷳

ࣺ
ʦʲô




31.  ־   Ҫǵã㲻䡣

ɽİʯݶ, ··ܹɽ侰ɫµĺϻɵӡ

ò, һ統ʱٴ˲

ϻɵͨСࣺ
Ǿӵʦ, ʵĶӣÿÿ, ӦҲƤõ˰ɣ

ժǴүҲܺÿ

ӵĽ, 벻ģܽ˾֡Ǹ, ЩӦûʲôȤɣ

磺
ǿɾʹˣȤĺܡ

¥Ҳް˵޹ţһʵ˷ǲҴ⡣

ǧҲ

ǧ˵ĵطƤ࣬ʰء뿴鶯ʱģ

磺
ҿǷĲᣬͷ½ȼúøһη財

˵˵ȥƵϡ

ʦá
ϻɵӸ, ֱԡʦָ֡ˣ
ͺ, ⡣ǾβӦҲоë׵ĴβͰ, ٲҲ
ָӦúܺðɣ
СĻ, Ӧúܿɰɣ

磺

治ɫ·ȫδ
Դժ¶ңʼ¶, ƵʱҲһʼƤڣϰΪżܻһ䡰лޣɫѡ

絹

ĵغժ˵
Ÿɣͽ˰񣬽˰ò޳̶һһС

Ϊĺھ߱ȨԺᾭһЩ˽Ͽɵİ񵥡
Ҫֻ̨аδڵӸ˰ḻһ°񵥻

ժ˼һ£˵
ͦŵģ˿ɶˣ񻹲̫һһŶۡ

Ƭ̣˵
磬񡯰ɣҾҿԵһϾνѾŪ

磺
Ҫ񵥸ʲôԼ



뷨
ҹ˵Űֻ֮ͦ˼Ը
˰ŵĺˣҲŰȨԡǾͰ˵İ죬ɸѡˣа񵥹

ǡ

ȵȡ
ҹֵ
һݺѡȽڹĿ˲ɹʱÿһǮͻһθͶƱʸƱ

ǡ



˵Ǹıµ˲š
ôҹǸıǮƵĹš

һǿǾˡ

˰֮һʿԲ˽һǮĶͶһƱʮǮͶʮƱСǮѣɹʱ˳־Ͷˡ

˵Ű֮£ר̽һѶΪ˲ͶƱո֡

һʼҶȽϿơ
ɺݱԾ

£Խһ־֮ƱȫͶࡣ

ħr˵֮ЦһЦգħھͷħȥɹħ

ĺ֮ڣʿΪԼˣԼ֮˰һϯλ׷ǰǮơ

˵ԼҪͶ˲ڰϣɷؽнѡ

սңеսȷѪֻ̬֮δõĲǱǮƣĲѪǳ֡



ޣء

Źȣ̵šԺ㱨յ

峤ϣշСӣ츳ƽƽٶȴȳ˿һ꣬Ѿˡ

ҵκ̷ֹʣµľ鵤Ǿ鵤Ȼܰ˿⵽ǵҩѳģԼġ

⣬ӲŸҩ
Ѱ彡ǲҪҩĺá

δҩ̤ʵһ壬ѾǺˡ

ҡҡͷ
ǲ磬ػ¼Ҵ£ˡ

֪峤ǲ⣬˵
ǻᶽŬġ

ȴ룺
峤ϣⷽθ˭ȲãƫƫҪȡ

ٶʵֲ̫ˣʮͣѾػİʱǸƴһ޷ִľˡ
ֱͲǸˡ

ֵ
峤ϣһ¡֧ʮ

ϵ
˭õǮ

󱲵
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ϵ˲ɽɸ𣿻ôǮʲô

ȥɽɸԪ׳ܾˣǡԪӣҲɽɸӣ£ɸʵʵţ֮ǰ뿪ɸ󡱡

Ҳǲϵ顣

ӦԣԪ˳ɽɸ
СҲ֪ЩʲôҲԸ˳ż˼ԼԶɸӣ뿪ɡ

ôʱȥû˵ڴִŵػǮ

˵
˵ʲô˰񣬱ɸˣƱ󣬸ԼͶƱ

ϣ
ʲôʲô˰

һһ

ϵ
ƣ˻Ϊôһð񵥣ʮ

ʵҲеġ
󱲵
ɽɸķʮӣӺѡг

ϣ



ƾΪһư˺ݱɽȴһƬá

˵ΪͶƱ£רдţ֪ʣʱмҪģǧ򲻿Ϊһõİ񵥶⻨Ǯ

֮ʱţ
һǮÿģң

ࣺ

˱裬˵
ǸӶˣصģ񡣡

棬ֱЦ
ʦֻؼҺúܺá


ʴҼá

˵꣬ѹǱԹǵڷɧ̫Щ

һ֧Ц죺
ʱ󻨵ǮҾ͵Ҹ֪ʦһµл񣬲ˡ

࿴ʦЦգȻãǮԼĿģҲĿģһ˫ݣҲһ׮

һЦƮһ£Ŷӿյ·ǧӡ

ģ̌Ŀ
㳯֡

ǧʦȥӦʲôҪ˵ʦ֣ǻͷġ

ǳЦӦˣá

ϵĹ߳ȥˡ

뿪ʱ䭣
ϵĲЩˣʦһҶǰЩǺë⣬ݴˡ

ǺëǶѰǧӵģƼˣమȲ裬ͿҪˡ

䭵ͷӦĻ
ǡ

߽˵УҪϵĲһͼӣһ˫Щֵ۾գҲգضơ

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ʱȴá
࿴ʵһ֮˻еġ

ΨһĻӲͷü֮ŲеǳЦ⣬ϸϸ
䣬ÿһڴӳĻԹӳɢһ죬ʱܸʺΣոС

ҲǸѪ

ǡǵġ
µش
ħĻѪ

䭱ͷƤ飬ȥòֶ̲סҪʱڽĿĳּѹĶˡ

ཫɰݸ
ǻ㲻̫Щ

䭽ӹɰָЩͷ̣ƺ˵Щʲôʲôû˵תͷ߳ȥˡ

Щȥ
ô۸ˣ

µص
ľ仰۸ˣ





ůˡ

±̨ϰһ࣬Ѳ񵱳Ŀİʽ仹ȴ˳ࡣ

̫ˡ
н᲻˳֮ʽ磬ᱻҳ϶

ǣлӽ̻塣
䭵ָ̣̾Ҫٽʽһ顣

һӸ䭣
㽣£ôˣ˭̼ˣ

䭽ӣ˲ϵĺ˵ûе¡

ԸҲǿ
ϵˣ˭ûһԸ˵ڵأΪ˶ʹһʱЩϰҲʵ


Ъһɡ

ҡҡͷŽ˵
Ҳ䡣

̫ˣ˵ĻϢȵġһ仰Զ׼ľִ֡

ӣ̲סüۡ

䭵Цʲô
ǲͬľ

Сʱˡ
ϰ𣬾һʤԸ䡣ˣʳ뾡취Ӯ

ʤ̫ǿִ̫ƫʿĵ

ػͦĵġ
˵ҵͽܡ

˵ػҲǸؽˡ
Ĵͽܺͽܵ־򣬽ǳԽΪµһػܻΪ־øˡ

Ҳʦ

Щп䭵
䭣·ԺִۣҪڵġ
Ҫǵã㲻䡣

ƶǶ
һĻ˵ʲôԸ

ұȻӽ̻塣



ȥʱգ۶š
Ƚɽ⿪ţĺ͡

нʱû𽥵ȴɱޣɸڣ

ҲѾ

֮£ͱƽﾭӪĹǣͱĺϻڵӡ

ϻɲҪ䲻ĿǰҲֻǱϳ̣ʧȥţܵһɢɳ˵㲻ʲô
ϸ̹ӴʱǧҪڳ.ͷȥˡ

ǹС
ܵĹб¶ҹ˵а취ڹϵĹ
룬һֱǹھӪƺûֹ֮£˳ҹˡ

ڰŸĶ

ֵעǣħڵġһźɫħڵӷһŽƺ£ϢҲħ塣

ʣô£

һɳ֧ǻĵ֮£Ҳ½˿Ц

ǧӿŽƺµħޣ
ǹħ壬ϣʲôˣ


ġΡ֣롰ϡһ

ǧס

ޣʷĻԵʣħŶصĵλħŮһᱻħڷΪʥŮħߵλ
ǧӵ
ֱһǧǰrճħ֮ħħڵȨ𽥼ܿա

ʣΪβֱӳħ壿

ħѾã񡣶rȴͻȻ޿ȴ޷ӹħж˵ҳϡЩ£һˣͻᱻħλק
ǧ˵
ԣֻܽ˵ȥ

ü
ħrǽ֣ɱ

ǧӵ
ħħһֱò롣״̬ìѾӾ磬Ҫʼˡ

Ҳ֪òֽкá
ͦ뿴rԱ񣬿־ãħðͷƺʲô顣



һ¹ȥ֮⣬μӱԵԱѾ½½롣

ɽǰδе֡

ħԼԼģ֧鰵ԽϾ
壬ȥദ壬ʼ̽ദˡ

ǻһ
޺ͽްԽϾһԷһԷ̫ˡ޺֮һƬŸô󷨡


ƬδйĹ⾰

ҹЩп
û뵽ӵ˵֮£ܹʵ֡

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ӣ¥
ǰ
ҵˡ

Щš

ңֹԹ¥ĹϵҲô

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ֻǿƶѣҪ󷨣ҲֻӮùˡ

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ȼʼ塢С硢ǧӣԹķٶȾһ

ò̫
ܾã֪֮¥⣬ܻ˰ҹɱ
ֻߣǧпܻƻŰɱҡ

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ڣͳҹǰûб¶Ҫµ˼

ҹ
ɽúýӴ

˵
Ƚǰǲͣǲ֣ܶñǵİȫ

в١
ɽļҵĵӶУ˵ƹˤҳ֡

Ӧǡ

һ¡
иʮСӣ岻̫һߵˡ

ʵǲ֮𣿽ʲô֣

Ρ




ҹĻ٣Ϣ֮ʱѵ
Ի۵ɽһЩɶԣ˽͵ʱ䡣

ɽǣɽɸס֮ء

ŽЯš

òˣʦ
౻ӭλ˴к
ɻã

˴δɽɸӵģִ

Ĺϵʵô

ɸʱΪѪͳԵʲܻӭҲЩƫһֱػôѪԼԼ鷳ǲǡ

ΪͽҪɽɸ棬

ԡ
ź룬˵
Ҳ֪ұȲЩвܵˣҵһУѳɶˡ

ޣΪ޷ٽ
µԪһһյţϡ

Щʡ
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ͷ

İ̧ͷ۰Ͱ͵
ʱ˲٣Ҳ࣬һŷ۵СһЩٺɫÿˡ

Цŵ
㻹ǵأ




32.  ۻ   һݲ

Ȼǵˣ
ɴ۾, ʮ
ﶼ˵ҪһӶǵýĶ顣ôʱͽˣҪҵġ

һַ, ͷЦŶ˵
㵹Ǻ

⺢Ӵϻۡ

統ʱ׼˵, Ҫݡ
Сס, ǰûʹ, ꣬ҲֻǺкû˭, Ϊλɽ

ȻЩѹˣ
ҺþûˣҺǰ

ɽɸҪһϳԵ
Ԫ汲⣬ɸ󣬴඼Լڷļ

˲á

Ҳá
֮ʳ꣬ǧꡣͣҲͼʮ꣬, ʿȣǳĺ

֮˵ĳԵػѡ
, Ե𣬻, ޿ɱ⡣

ӦҲ㡣
, Դ

ûʲô
Щ鲻˵ڣ֮Ȼͻ׹ġ

ʣ
ȥ𣿡

һ£
ɸŹɣ
ҲûʲôرϸҪ, ֻ˵˲ټ棬û˵˻ʲôͷ

ΥŹεͽŹĻɫشԴԴչᡣ

Ժˣ뿪ɸһЩίеʱ򣬿ȥǡ


ĿҪŬúͽһ

еѰ
˿Ҳǫ顣

һҲûбѹĸо֣˷ܵԼҪʲô
ʱ򲻽ԻؼҿһԺͽһЩСӡ

˼

ȥĥһĥǸ㵱ͽܣ츳Ӧϣġ

ֵɫȥɣ

һ߸ߣһߵ
еװ


һðʦͽ

ȴţ
̫ˣɽɸڣм˲·أ



˵
ʱɸһɡ

ǳЦŷܹȥ
ãпձ

Ϊɳ⣬ʵ̫ϲɽɸط
ÿɸʱĲǶƵɽˮ֮ЩԲ񿴴ڳ֮ˡ

һҲȴجΡ

ɸĸ飬Ҳ˵ᡣ
ϾʦʦǺʦãЩռ˱صҪ֮ˣԺɽɸѲĹϵ

ȥֻ˵һ䣺
ԣɸɸ

ʵ
ʦ֪ʦʦôˣ

ʦֺͶʦѾηųˣʽأòʦӣɽؾչء
˵˵ţ̲סԹ
ԼڳӣչأҲǶһˡ

벻ס
ػ޵ĵ޾Ϊŵң

ֺһʱΪɣˣͽһ뿪ˡ

ź룬뿪ķ򣬰Σƣҡҡͷ


վһԵ峽ʵ
ʦΪ̾

˵
ɸ֮˴ݸĻʶӣݺͱδȨˡɸԣҲ֪Ǹǻ

۾̾
Ӧ

Ƭ̣һͨ
ϳϣħ֮ڵˡ

ʵȣħˣһ

˵
Գǹħ壬ħˡ

Ƭ̡

漴Цһ
ɽɸδȥˣǷˣ
ǽ



˰¥

ǧߣоһ塣
ϵĺ߽˾ǧִźӣ˼ܹת

ߵ档

һĨӱƿ̱ϣҲԭλˡ

ģ̌ͷ

޹سһ̯֣˵
ƾˡ

ǧӣ
ǧӵҲƢû磬ĬؽѳһŵĺӰӷּ𿪣Ż

ʰ̣
鲻ã

զ࣬ĵ
㣬һӡ

УҸء
ǧӶ棬ӵУ
һǧʦ壿

ǧӵ̫ˡ

ĥ
ٲҲǶ֣ܱԼԼ˼ɣ

һ˵ţһ̵ľŸϣ˾ſź壬˵
ҵġ

ǧӣ
͹ˣȫˣ



ҹʱɿ̱ߵִ

ụ̆
Ϊʲô㶼ӮǲǲҪһԤ֪ҵ壿

ǧһڲ裬˵
˵ˣ̫ˡ

ժ磬ӳϼ
£ҰӮɽɸʱӲ⿴һٶ౾أ

λã

¡
ǧƿ̾Ҫ

У㲻ߣ

ֺĳ棬ҹ̲סЦ߳ŭҪӣǸƻǿĽޣҹסЦ⡣


ӡ

¿˵塣

ħȥݷɽɸˡ


ӡ

ҹһ仰ʧȥ

ħӦ̽ʥŮ֮¡
ҹΪĺߣѾ֪ɽɸʲô

ҹ
֮ɽɸԳ𣬾ͷϢֹ⴫
ħӦΪʥŮʧȥѶʱѾãżòУʵûа취Żɽɸ󣬲С

ħɸѯԼɳԵΪû˶
µҲǺЦ

ݣ粻֪ɽɸѾ鵽˶١ҹɸҲ͸ʲôˡ

ҹ
¿»ɽɸȥ鷳


鷳
Եױһսթ֮£ҲʵħѵܽóɸĲǣ̫˰ɣ

ּ
¾Ҫ˭˵ء

Ҫ׷ɽɸħr˭Ҳû취ѿϵ

ǰټ

ɽɸƴԶħħԵǰɸ֮½ҿɸ鷳ڸ˫һսͷ
ħԼ״ףкɵ˺Ƥ˼ʱţ»ĺܲҡ

ħr
ħ屾ҪλʥŮܸܲףŹr

ңûضħڵȨԹħԣһֱǵһҪ
ʥŮԵɸҲΪܹõôħrȡʵȨƿħڡ

ܵ˵
û£ɸû£ħ¡

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֮£Ǹۻ֮ˡ
ۻղյòÿ

ҹЦˡ
ʣӵ˼ǣ


ǸħڵĻһݲɡ

ħԽңԽġ

ҹ˫ŹüУЦ⽥п
ǧȻ˵ղá
̣ӷõִߡ

ǧӳĬ
Ҳ֪Ƿϻͬ

ҹһùħ壬ǽ飬˳񣬺ϻɵħrгһĵˣ˵Щ

뿪

ǧ̱ߣʵ
𣿡

һ֧Щǳ
ǧʦ岻ҵˣ



պ󣬴֮ڵ

ɽµ̨ߣɽϣĺ֮ۼȥһƬһƬʽͬɫ·ĵӣò֡

ʱɽһֵĳǡ
ϸ룬ƺûǣܱɽӷ

۾

˵ǿܲš
һ
һǵһμĳ档

˶ǵһμǧӵδйʢ£ͷһء

ࡣ

磬Ѿ˱顣
ǧüĿŲײǳЦ⣬˵ϲ


ǧʦ壬ˣǡǡ

ǧӵҲԡ

̾һ
ҪŻˡ



Ϊߣųǩ

ΪӣҲǼ˴档վ̨ϣⲻһθۣŵġ

Ŀǿס
ѹǰ壬ϴ赤ֻǵڲĲǶҪ

ʮһš
䭳ǩͱϻɵĵȥһߡ
Ķ峽ɽɸִǰյͽܣΪڣߡǸޣǣӮġ

䭵
ӵʦţ

ԣǸɽɸ󡣡
ϻɵϸ
ǧɸǰӰӵɸӣ¼ûɸӸ鷳ġ

䭵ס

䭼Ǻ˺룬뿪̨ȥ硣

֪Ķ֣˼
峽е졣

˰ˡ

εģʱڶΣйһ֮ԵʱڣΪ粻ȣһָء

Ѿʦͽˣ治

䭣

ɫˣɻ
ôˣ

Ҳġ

ԼľģŽ뿪ˡ

Ц

ǧ
磬˲̫



˶ǩ󣬴ȵĵһֱų˶󣬱ԾͿʼˡ

Ա࣬Ϊߡ
Щ˴ȫûиִʱѵӡ

翴Ȼζ

룬ÿЩǿʲôʱٰܾһԪӤڴȣɾȤˡ

ժʣ
Ϊʲôٰ컯ڱ԰


ժǣмڴܣ

ػr
ժָͷ
ҹ£ǧӣЩϲܻЩ׾ģ͵͵ûġ

˵
ЩŪܣǸͲǱԣս

һںͻҲġ
ǧһʦսܸػr֮Ტ

ֱϳ

ǿǿش˾

䭻ڣڵ峽Ų࣬ӮĿԲ
ѧǽĽ

ڽ֮߹һࡣ
Ͱν²Ҳνԣƺûʲô£ǿ˵ġ

ֳֳŴѧĽʽɽˮˮԽ衣

սĽǶܾȡ

ļҵĽǰû
ѧĽӦǰ˼ΪʦŶԡ

սУֻԽ˵лûΧе档
䭵Ľʽʶҧݣ߬ĽָڶŰɫ

峽Ϊߡ
ɳĻƽͣû浶ʵǹ˴ܣ޷Ӧ̨ϵĶս

䭳ֺֿݡ

峽Ӧԣֻжܡ
ʱ峽㱻һ񣬾Ѿ˵ЩȣһŲȿգ̨

һֵʮһԣʤ

˽Ҳǰǹɺݾһò͵ӣ̨µ峽˵
á

̨ܹҪ̸Щӡ

Ѱ磬վǰ

ʵ̫׸ô

˵ʹúãʵ޷ΥĵؿڡеĽͬһ㣬

ӮˣӦñһµġ

սʱػͷûôѹСһҸоãΪ޵УڲĽڣʱҺ͵rԽ

ػǸʦ
ػģζԴ䭵ġ

ֻ˵
ϴʱֽЩ

˻ʤϲУ
ӽ̵ĺá

ָָԱߵĿλ
֮ೡԣһ𿴰ɡ



ʮԡ
ɽɸΡ

еֵ̨

ȥãĶΣ̵أ鲻Ըˡ

εʱֱӾסˡ漴Сֱ˴üͷ壬˿ҲԼŭ⡣

ε
㣿

βΣзΡһǰذ׼ң˰ľҩǸ͡

£òȴ岻ͬһ۾ܿˡ

λŵ
㲻Ҫô

³˳

Ϊ˱˺ͷԣڱԿʼʱ˶˵̨һĵطֳֻ̨̨ܱ֣Ҫû÷ٴ󣬱Ҳġ

ֻܿΪֲ֪Ǻԭ

йĺܡ

֪ⳡԽ߰ҩ飬ͻᱻɽɸƴȻΪѣ岻֪ܻܲס

㱻סҲᶪ
Ժ磬аˡ
ŬǰУռһλԶҵĸӹ

취ס졣

Կʼ
֮Է

ԼɽɸѧΡ

ΰν¡

츳ã׻Ǹӣʱÿһжֱס

Ҳ
Ҫ츳ӽ֮ˡ

ǶʱεΪȰҪһЩ

°һֽ֮󣬷οʼ

Ű룺
ˣԼ͵ҩͲᱩ¶˰ɣ
֮£赶Ūǹģʲôʧ֮£ҲǺİɣ

ôţϵĽʽ



ڰ̨һ䡣

Ǹޡ
ܴ֮ϲáˡҲö

ɱˡ

²ֹˡ

һɨֱָüĵĽ档

ԾͱԣΪҪ֣

Ϊɽɸͽȣ̨ϣüдŲطΣЦ⡣


СӶ˺λѼʱգҪôɾʹ£ҪôΪ󻼰

İɣ
࿴ڵķλ
λ츳ⶫȻܵԣΪ֪ңҲʲôԣʲô˶




33.     ⣬ȥɡ

, ֮ƯѻԱϣһĨ綬ѩһ㺮Ц⣬̵˹ͷۡ

֮δлӦ
ҲΪʢĳ, ˵ʣǸоɨ, ߵҴ𻰡

̨ϵķͼΪԼѣ
Ҳǹ, ҸոֻǲСġ

Ц, ֱһȡ

αȥ˺üǱſڵ, һĨɫ
̧ͷߺ޵ؿ࣬׺ݣƺ뽫Ƥǣ븹

ʵ
Ǹʲô
ʲôʱֵõ˵ˣ

ʵ̫

αʵ÷£һ߿ѪһԼĸ˫˼Ҳϳҵʱ

סɽƲ, ʱˮʹӵݵķ϶ﻩ©, Ѵȫʪˣ˹, ȫĹʹ
ŴǮԷ, ļ򣬸¶ٲһ, ֻ򵽰Բֻǿš

ʱ򣬷һָо
Լݽһ볾̤࣬ȥ

̧ͷ
Ǹ߰Ӱͼвص

ȼһа
Ѫĭ
ͼϻΪԼˣԿˣ
Ҹ㣬ʲôݣػ֮ͽ֮ӣĲǸѪֵ¡

ž

εĻȻֹ

֪ʱ̨֮˴һֵ֣ͷ
ӵ£ʵڱǸû̺ܽôˣҪ黳

ƽʱһ治һͷ
ɽȣĺ˽ڳţҺôǸңⶫǺҪġ

ҡ
ǲھ͵ﱱ塣

ҪĻʵۣ޶֮ҪԶ̶ȣݡޡޡݺͱŻȥĵط

̨
û̺ܽþͲҪ

֮˵
ѵǣͽ˴ȥ̡ܽ

˵ţҵ˾Ҫ̨

ҹ̧̧֡
Ǻͺϻɵһΰס

ϻɵ˵
ڴ£ĹأҲӦòŶԡ

˵

񲻵Ǿܾתͷ࣬ԼѾӹսɽߵ̨ǰʵ
˵Բԣӵ£ϳϣ

ź룬˵
ɸӣԭɽɸСʱȻΪɽͷλɸҪһˡ




Ǿô˵ˡ
񲻸ҾܾĻᣬ˽Ѻˡ

һֵʮԣΥ棬ʤ
һֵʮԣԽлħλ̨




ӹժһѡ
ǴģǹƷŨζ

һ߰Ƥһߵ
ʦԸǲЩˣ

ǧʣˣ

治࣬١Ҳ֪Ǹʲôģֻ˳Ļ˵ѡ

ǰǱ鷳

ժָѵ֣ѹǰһƣ
ҪԼ

ǧӵ
ڱ˲鷳ˣ

ش
ұ˵鷳ˡ

һߣͷĬذӡ

Щӣͱҹ鷳Ƕ֮ǰˣó˵ƺԵСۡ
ңӵͬʦ֡ӻվһأ

ӣǧ¥ͨһ
ϢسǧǰµϢ

ǸԭΣǰҵļͣ͵ľҩҹߡ
ո̨ϣСӱϳˣµҩ֮±ҴҪ԰֡

Ρһ֡
ʧ豭޳ָ飬Ƭһء

Ǹ˲䣬оϳһּѹϢħӽӽ

ֻת֮䡣
ǹϢͱӰ٣ǴڹĴһ㡣

ʣ֮أ

˵
ɽɸѾȥˣִҪΣⲻˡ

ңһܰԵļ壬ǵδҸԵɣҪһ¾ܿ

ʦţɽɸҲʲôġΪĺŰеһɸӲ衣

ɽɸһλѾȥĸ˵
ԼҵĵӶסҪ̸ȥ磿

˵
˵ֻģ֮Ҳǰġε˾ҩɽɸ͵´δ˫ϵҲɡ

ô˵

Ҳ֪ôģǻСˣ˵ʲôҲɸȡ

Цһ

֮˵

ΣҲǷΣԭʶ;֮еǣҲ֮ӡһжԭ鷢չδĳһգҪҵġ

ΣΪ˷ǽΪأ
һȴʹΪռΪһ¾Եúܲˡ

ʵ
ںδ

ĵ

ǧʦ壬䭣ǼԡŽȥǱ߿



ĵΣɽɽ֮Уǳް

ڿǽǵη
泯ڵݶϣ˻ڣû˰æƸһ;Լؿ۵Ҫըˡ

Ǹİ

ʮӶʮĪ
ǰҪۻۣҪֺÿ

˺þã̵

ԼĽźЬװ.һŮʱõ롣룬ϣһͭ

뵷û¡

һڶ
Խ

һ

ǽһһİΡ

βſԼηվŸŮޡ

·һֵĽѰ˼ҵŮϸױ磬һҲƯ

εһμƯŮӡ
úЩɿʡ

˭
ʲô

廨뿪ġ
γժǽסͭһϿص˵ϡ

ûս
һŽţ߽η

ʶһ

˫β΢΢ϸϸشŷΣЦԽԽ


Ϊ

Σ

Ҳһ㣬ҲûʲôʣҲҡ
Ƭ̣ʵ
ΪʲôῴôʳǼͶҽ

Σ
˵ʲô
Ϊʲô

αǽǣ
ӣǰ𣿡

ǳǳһЦûС

ǵһμ档
˵ҲһΡ

˼ŵ
ӣ֮ԩ޳𣬺ڴˣ

Ҳ֪ô㡣
ȥɡ

˵ţнһ



¡¡

ɽϣǰ
ת֮䣬ܲܡ

ۼҪ籩꣬ͣ˱ԣôﶼЪϢټ

һ
ʦǡ

¡

ǧ꣬һ裬һȣ㷭вڱ֮У
潫ˡ

ǧӻ¡

䡪

ϲһǣһŹⱬˡ漴о¾ҡɽʯ䣬ɽҪһ㡣
ɽ󷨳֣յʯһһԭλ޸¡

˵
Ǳǵεķ򣡡



ɽˣҲܵЩɽ۵ҡΣǵ졣

ô£

ȺϻɵӰ
λ԰꣡ǵĻر󣬲ŷ˱ըֺҲ˹ɽ

ʵ
ΣεĻΪʲôᱻ

Ϊʲô
һ˼Ŵ
ĳЩץε˲֣ͼ¡

ҵˣѾҳһš

оεϢˣô죿

ˣ˵СԼ廨룬ҪΣرըˣ

д֪ͨǣ

ҳʲôãڽŻޣҪʱ䣬찡ʬ嶼ˣ
ҵ˱
СӵΪʲôҪ취ãԼֱӰˣͶûôˣ

ܲûôȰĻǾ

̰˻󷨡
ǽεպϡ

˱ĿӦƬ̣ҡҡͷ

ѾˣֻҵһЩƬ



ûҪͣ˼ıҲٳ޷ʼ㰲ŴȻظסϢʲôʱܼˣ֪ͨ

ǧҲٶ̨

չˣ

ǧӻ糣¥һ壬ȴõôһϢ

ժҲЩĪ
֮裬ûھ붨ˣôҲһҾͷΪǡ

ӦҪͻˡ
ѾԪӤкڵΪٽǺڣ뻯ڴֻһ

ǧӱõһ乧ϲ

չصʱʵǲ̫ԡ
ȲŸտ˸ͷɽϾôˡչʱûзһ˰㣬˲鷳ɾʹˡ

ҡ
ϣߵ죬һ

ǧӵ
ȥҳҹ



ɽɸʽ塣

Ԫڶ¥ϣһţһţʱʱҡ¡
һƣʱʱԼڡ

湻˵ġ
ԪױԹ
꣬꣬վ֪ꡣ͸һûиʵʱ򡣡

һ
ʲô

仰쬵ģž;˳̶˿ꡣ

Ԫף

Ӿоѡ
ͷַ֣վʽĽƺϣͷ

ơ
ԪܾãĿưһӡ

Ԫ׸Цŵ
Сʦ壬ôˣ

̧֣һӰɳ

Ԫ׽סһţ˵øЩǼ顣

˵
ȥ

СʦҪһȥ𣿡
Ԫ׽ŵӣҡҡ
ʦԸߣȴҡ

ʣΪΣ

ܣѪͳ棬ؼҪģҪȢʮ˸ҲϲѪͳܴţӣΪֹ
Ԫ̾˿
ϸ룬ǱʽЩ



ʵҲû˵
Ѫͳ棬徴ΪԳͱڶҪΪδ峤Ժͳһ磬ͻΪʵۡ

Ԫ׾ǲ⡣

˵
һͣɽɸһղҲΪάƽһɣ

Ԫף峤֮λ⡣
վ¥µĽƺϣʵ
ɽɸ֮λ⣿


Ԫ״Ӷ¥̨ϵ



ı껹ڳ
µĺУ׵ܣ¡¡Ʋƹ

ƽԭϣ¡

˵һƵĺȹʥҪ߳ࡣ

֣ûŴ
ΧŰ˸ľ׮Ǽֵƥ׻Ѫľľ׮ŷֽÿһʣɰ˷ºеѪƳɵѪī档

Сʣ
ʦʲôõģ

ѹõġ
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һǧǰи֣

ڱǸ壬Բű֮֡ɱӣǷŻ𡭡ĶһҲû

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Ϊ

شҸе졣

˵꣬㽫ȼƷɱˡ

˲ȼŭ𣬷¡ɽǡ̫ڵȵȴͬʱ֣סѹĥϸǧֺ꣬ܽ

ڴڼ䣬أÿһ

ɽɸһոս

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˷£ôҲǶȼƷӵļˡ

½ΪˮҲвա
ϵ˹͹֮²޹ϵ

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СðףϡͿ˼ͲʦĻУ

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׾Ͳһˡ
ʿɽٽĶ˺֮أ֮ߣȫһŶۡ

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׿ɻ󷨣ȥʦʦʦǳ

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ǸѪľ׮ϣһŻѪɰ·ֽȼ˺ɫƮڵء

ɲ֮䣬񵴡
£ҲһҡΡ

޴ѿһ϶һѪ̴ӷ϶ܿ۳һѪӰ

üĴźɫۼĴѩ˿УüĿ֮͸ȻϢٱȷ֮صĻɫ

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Цŵ
ˡ

һʹաһϺеͷ­һࡣ

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Соһ

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ɮǸ˹

ֻѪµĴѶϺǡ

ʦ֣
ɮǵؿ㡪

ǻǡ
βͷʱһΣֹ˵⡣

ã
Цʵ
ȥɣ



ҹͣЪ
ĺյɢȥ¶һƬҹգ¹࣬ǳ

ǧӸֶǳ

һҫ۹ʧ˹⣬ټһ𣬹ԶĿ޷ӡ

ǽǡ
һڷΣһ硣

Ҫˡ




34.     ҧҧ

֮, ͣЪ
֮ûɽʲôӣⳡһһɢˡ

ΨһĲˡ
Ǳûмⳡȵ˼, ֪һ֮󣬾Ҫ뿪ɽ, ޡ

ɽʱ, һ·

˴Žƺ, ɢħ·ϺƤϵĽɫģԼЩϤеԼˡ

˲ȷŵ
ǡħ

ȵĲߡ

ղ, ߵΪ¡

ǣȥ·ϵʱɢħʮֿɲôԪӤڵħ޲Żеġ
ʲôѹΪķ

˵
ǣҾͨħޣǹħ֮ˡ

ҵɻ
ħ壿ǺħrԵǸħ˵ħϣҲţ



һֱԺܿͽˡ

Ϣһպ
ų˵ڶֱԵ

ڱгӡ

ʼչ¶Ϊ޵, ƾֻڵΪһ, ٶӮΪһ󾳽ʿһ֮С

û˶ˡ

ֻԽš
ҪһֱӮ, ⳡȵĿ, ǸΪͽ

Ⱦ䭶л

ս˽Ŵ̨л

ǰעˡ

лһ, ԽˣڽԹ㷺ʽ䡣
ΪҲѾڣ˵ͿҪᵤˣһδȵĲ֮ġ

ҪӮл˵Ǽѵ顣

Ž˵
̡

£ִҪ

лȴ䲻˵һ䣺
ϵĽ

һ

лǵá

ǰԴ˽Խÿһͻһޣʮ֮ٵԽԽˡ

лΪսߣΪԽ˵ĴߣԶĽ

лʣ
ĽǴѧģͽ𣿡

ڻǡӮⳡԣŻҵͽܡ

Ҳ㡣

лЦһ£
ǺܱǸҲ䡣

ųԣһգڽϳԽ磬Խ˶棬ֻ

ǽͽܶӮ
ҪӮأ

˶ᶨҪӮ˼һ֣ļޣ



ǧӿ̨Ͻӵˡ

ʵ˭Ӯ

лɡ
һĻ
ѧĽƣֲΪϵĲࡣ

ǧӵ
㵹û˿ԼĽ

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һ£һͷڷ£ʹǰһüٱþҲӳˣһֿտĸо

ѾԪӤںˡ

Ϊ磬ȻȲЩڵģҲŵϺˡ

ǧʣ
ħѾˣ

ش֪

ǧߵĿλһ̸⣬һժǡ

漴Ž
ɱ˷֮󣬻ȥȲ衣û뵽źţȻ͸ܵһЩ֮أֲء
һʱӦ̫࣬Ҿͱ붨ˡʱҾѾԪӤڵʿˡ

һ֧˵ʱû˿̨ϵıԡ

˵
ڽռǵƣԶֲΪϵĲࡣ
һУѾߡʱ䭾ѾѪҲȫѪŽֻֽѪֻ

Ѿվˣȫ֧塣

л
ˡ

л˵ʱϢȣȻҲЩƣۡ

䭲һ㣬Ȼٴϣս⣬Ҫƾ⸱壬лmȥ

ҡҡλεŽ
Ϊۣ֧ʹòУֻʣĻӿ

лһ׶

Խָ䭵Ĳ
˵Ѿˣˡ

䭳ĬΡ
֣ϣһ

лҲ˽ò
á

˿һĻ
Ⱦлʤ䭣ϲлÿף

л˵
սӮòʡ
ڽϵĲԶңΪ࣬Ӯ㡣

л
䭵ͷ

ֿܵ޺ͳϣʱҲ˲ӦҪףûͽˡ



Ȱ佱ʽʼ
ǰʿɵϴ赤ŵڶ䭷˳ӡ

ûвμӰ佱ʽ

뿪̨ѰһյءγĽ־̸Ľʽ

ǽʽ𣬾ͱһϡ

䭻ͷ
ӣ

дʮУҲ֪Ѿء

ʵ
˲ᣬȥ½ȼֵҩҲȥЪϢҪԲ𣿡

ҡ
صͷ
ûж´ȵĿףӵһƬûʸҲû

ʲô㣿
Щͷ
˰ʦҪʦݲͷ㵹ãûУͷҲûģʦѰ㡣

䭣

ͷãȻգ۾Ѹ̧硣

̽
ǣûӮ´ȡ

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ûӮ´Ӯ££
ҽ˿Ҫ꣬ôΪһȾͷͽҲǰ׸𣿡

ּ˵
һ·ӮҲǷϴľɣҲ׷ѹ򰡣ǲǣ

ϲ̫ͻȻ䭷Ӧ

Ϊԥɴ
ݲʦˣ

䭴
ݣȻҪݵģ

˵꣬ݾߵףΪ֤Ϊʦ

һߵͷһ롪
гһգҲҪΪʦľ˫֮ˡ

ɡ
º͵

վ

ֻĶԶŻ
ʦãʦáˣ



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ôỵأ¶ʲôˣ

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ǧӵ
ɱ֮ӣ󣬱꾪׳ҹһֱˡ

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ԲҵĴ

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׶ѣӡΣеĴɱһʮɮˣֻаСжûŹ

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ɻ
ǣǸʲô

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磺
ǰɣ

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ԣʦֵݡʵүү׵ܵܣҲʦֵ幫

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һǧǰħrδճҲûµһʦĺڣľǷ
ĻֶԸȴɱֻܺУʩԷӡһһĥ

ǧ˵
Ϊ˷ӡһ߸ڴܲս䡣

ǧӼ
ĳ϶ԣǸħֵĴڡ֮Ϊ˵¶
ħrҪΪСǲֻͬҪԼãΪ˽˵ȥٹǣȷѪꡣ

磺
֪÷µˡ

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ǧӵ
ϵķӡܲһǧ꣬Ӧ٣״̬Ҳ

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Ҫ

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Ƚ
ĺıһһ뿪

ʵ
ʦ֣ҲҪߣٶסЩʱ𣿡

һֱѰң˵ٲȥԵˡ
棬˵ʱЩΡ

Сѵ
ס˰ˣĸˡٲߣ㸸ʻΪ˼Ƹġ

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Ҳǲԡ


Ѱʦ

̧ͷ˵
Ĳߣһ𡣡

Цŵ
Ҳã˶లȫЩ

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ʦ㰮Ȳ裬ȥǧʦ͵вҶ㣬š

ǧԽԽˣһʼƤֶڣëĲҶġ

ߵӰ

·ֻصɽɸ

ҪһǾƵζԪһ𣬳ҹĿⷿһ֦ơ
˼ھ͵ز˯ҹ
ʹԪ׺ҹòײŵȵ۾ֳһ١



ɸѷϷ붫ϵƵɵԶˡ

峽ϴһһЩʣµĶ˵ȥˡ

ٳʱ
峽㿴Ŵ³СӶҪԳȥˡ

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㿴ʲôأ

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峽ӦɲǣŰķܡ

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峽Ľױץסһ˵ϡ

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ʲôұǧ࣬ҹҹҵҵĽҹ¼ʹĺܡ
δʱ룬꽫ǼˣҪȫɱһҲŹ

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޴ɢ⣬̧ߣ·ĺںѪСһһϿ

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ѹһɫš

һ͡

۾ſһҲգ֮䣬ȥ˰֮λá

ǡ
ǿһѾԶȥֿۣǰԽ벽ˡ
̣ǻ¡



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뿪֮ûֱӻޡǺ͹ħһˣ޵ѾǵӰˡ

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尡Ҫħ𣿡
ħеˡ

棬ǹҧҧ֡

ҹ˵
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ֻҪ꣬ħ͹ħһ¡пܻһ֣֮Ҳпܷ飬Ծ£

ѣ顣
ͳҹҪġ

Щ飬߽һвԵС塣

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֣ħذܡħܺԹħԭ;еĲɺӵӰ֮˴ѡ˳

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ĻǵõĽͲǷѣ޻˸ˡʱ޻ޣǱոŽޡ

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ҪĽҪħ͹ħƾУһС
ڹħӲΪѰһħ

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𣿡

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á
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ڻûʼء
˰֣
ֿˣٿȡʩɡ

ʱҲá
ҹͷˡ




35.  ʱ   ħģѼġ

ʩ, ۳ȥײɽɸĻɽںɽ˸顣

ô£
ںɽĵӵͷľ, ɽʯһ󣬲̽ͷȥ
ⲻ֮ǰȥô᲻Ź涨·, ðʧķʽط

ȡȿȡ
峽ڻ, һ߿, ƿϷİӡ
վַԼȽűľסˣѪģ, á

峽֪ظеʴǵľʹ
ĵһ£ȴǺʹ

ˣһϵˣ
峽
ȥ߸ʦִİλúͷǶս

ɽԣȽһڵȥˡ

ʦ֡
۾

Ʈ·峽Ѫģ˫֮ǰ峽ס˫ۡ
ʹڰĶ
Ҫ

̡
һӰ߿գɶȥ

޷, 

ϵʱֳǵӰ, ֻ˪ɫķ

ڿת, ̽š
̽, һֱ·׹ȥ

޷æϡ

·һɽ֣׳, ֦Ҷïܣ⣬ѳɿ֦

겻ȹĳϣ屻֦ɴ͸¶ȵѪ˳ŴֲڵƤʡ
Ťţ˫۲Ѫ˿ɵҪ͹һ֪Ǳסġ

ǰͣƬ̡
𽥴أԡ

գһŭǵĺ𣬴͸ɽҰҡΣҶƮ䣬ߡ

ǡ



ħھϢδ
õһجġ

ʦˣ

ժǵͷ˵
;ϱɱġ
ҽǧӺͶ˵ǧ˵Ҫ֪ᵼľȡ

ӽԪӤʱħЩ߻ħħĴڣʹľһֱ̫ȶܵš

ҾӦ֪
ժȣͷµĺһ

ǸͨʵĽ顣
Ľ飬硣

ٵ̫ƽʢϣߵ˽جڹС

ʣأ

ˡժǵûȫָɱ֮ûмйɽɸֱ뿪ˡ

ûмԻ

һ˵
ժǣԼһ

ժС̧ͷ̬ƽССһ

Ըµ
ȥ㶢

˵꣬뿪ˡ

ֱͦıϣȥѪ

ϥĿ붨ΪҲȶӿѹ¡



ħڡ

ɪķ紵ɳڵĳǳأǽԫż伸мڷɳнĥ

ǳص߲ģĺں콨¥ӷףΧɿĵΧǽǽϹڷз졣

էһͺһ

Ⲣһ̳
һǧǰﱻڻħЩ˺ڣڼ̳µ𣬽̳ɽڿݹǡ

ļûʲôʵ塣
ֻħŰͲ̣ǿ񻶽кá



ǿħޣħ֮r
ס̳

ԵrΪħʼ̳ûл֮·ˡ

Ѫȵϼ̳У˸ƽƻݵķʢģ

η紵ȳ֦
ɤʫתᣬƻ䣬ҡ

ŮչۣŲɴ辡ˡ

Ͽɻ⣿
ħһƣĿŮƿλħޡ

rһȣյ
һģ

Ůһۣ
ཫ۹á

δ¶ϲ֮⡣

r˶٣˵
ֻǣ뿴裬ཫŮʹ𣿡

裺
ħҪ治١
Ůˣ

Ůֹ˳裬
ؾϣСŮӲʹСŮӿѧ

ŮŽգһЩʾζ

һĴȣֱ뺰
˶֪ħýŮպÿõrѧ

ržƱЦ
ⶫӺͯʱڱҪʼʹúáЩˣѧ˵֪ܲܳɣ˰ա

ŮӵǸɻ䡣
rһ˵Ů˲ͱɫ

ⳤ裬˰˲
r΢΢̧ұüдЦ⣬
αΪ֮ˣȥѧ֪ܲܳɵĽ

Ů˵Щʲô
ǡ

r˵
һѣ磬˽ʦػıŵӣýʵѧȥǶΣ

ŮһӾͰˡ

˭֪Ǹޣ
ʦţħҲ

ŮŴҡҡͷ

ϣСŮЩʣɷ£

rݵ
ȥɣ

Ƭ̣Ҳˡ

ϯֻʣ˵r

λЦҾơ

ħڵȨڶʼ
֮ˣһһرˡ

Ͷħ壬˼ЩȨǰ㣬߰ߡ

֮µҲ档
УԭǸɫľ

Ҿͷ
r˫֮УЩƣ


ǱģħҰѱѼһģ

ϣ
뿪ֻˡ

ϴһ˵ֱۣˣͷѪϻź

ϣ˴˴
Ѫ̺һ̺ˮʪһֳһָĺ졣

ϡ
̧ͷѵ
ħͻȻǷǱˡ

һ˵ðѪݡ
µؽ˵ͷ­һױȪȥˡ



֮ɽ

죬˻˻ӡ

̸һǣιεСͷһ̸ˣֶԡ

һ֧ʵ
ô죬ܳζ𣿡

ֱӽе̸ݸᡣ
ֱӽһ鶼ȥһ̸⻹άԭ״һһ»

磺

Сֹ
Ľ㣬˳Ծ˯

Ȼ
ҲĽɢ

糶ǣ̧һ
ëͷֽľŴ򿪣ʳеĺ¹ޡ

ʵ
¥ãҸĽʲô

ҹߵǰʳд򿪣ִǬóƺ;ƾߡ

֮ϡ

Цһÿɷ

ҹȴڿЦ
ܡıҰģһҲȱ١벻ϣ֮⣬ʲôǰӡ

翴ҹеľƺʵ
ʲôƣ


ҹΪһСлŵİ㣬¸
һֲԱ޵ľƣ˾Сضģ£ΪõӲͬδȫȻģ³޷ζ

һڣ
úȡ
ƴӱŪӦͦѾɣ

ҹЦŵ
ϲǱֵá

һ¾Ʋˣ£
ǧʦ³ģ

ҹ
ζ

ҹܻˣǶʱ
ժ˵˿Ҳɣҹǿ¥ˣҲʶƣڿ׬Ǯ·

һճԺζĳ嶾ȫҹҲ治ɫ

һ߳Բˣһ޵˵
ͷתʹ׷Ŷˡ

ҹ
⻰ôԼȥ˵أ


һֻѩԶڴϡ

ҹϵֽ

޳ˡ
ҹ
ԭںϻɣħڹºϻɣޣҲ͹ħС
ħңħħ˺Ƥǿռǡ

ϸš

ҹֽƹ˵
ӣ޼ѣֵĻҪˡ

¿ӡ

ҹЦʵ
Ҫʲô

ش
ħڡ

ҹûоȣ·ϵش𡣶ҲĴ𰸣¶һʵЦ

ǰ˵İŮޣ˵
ӡ

⻰ǽħrˣǵõ˺

ҹȤʵ
ôҪħأ



˵һϡ
ǰһ˵Ҫȥħڣһ죬ͽһ̣ЯС

ǧʵˣ

ˡ
ҹ͵
ûи֪

Уֵħ壬ֵħҪԸڲ֮µ壬ճ̶˿ǰɽɸӵһ⡣
ǧӺܿȥ

ҹ룺
ǧһˣ᲻֪ʲôأ

ס
ǧദùˣѾʮ·
һ£ǰ·ǧգҲȥ

ʱһֻ˻

ǧժּֽ
ıħڣǧʦҡ


ǧؽֽˣʹͽܣ
׼



ɽһֻ飬ų
ǲ·ϵ÷ɿ죬Я̵޸ȥ

ֻС

ϴսء
һϻɵ
ȥͻѽȥѽ

һϻؼϣ
Ϲ˵ʲôϻӽõģǴҲúú͵ȥ

ǵӱֱʹ
һ߶е鱾һ
˱ˣҲû˵Ͱ

һӿЦ
ϴӵ׸ʲôصظ

̧ͷԺ
ҵ˺üأ

ʵĵ辶
㵽ʲôŻüض䵽ҪɥվУ



յޣ˵ء

ǰǺϻɵĵ̡
ժǻûͼ
ģ塣

⿿ԵĵطδսѵõսϢæŰǨ

ڳѰãѰһһӪҵĵ̣ķָ

ָǹھӪ
Ҳԣǰ־棬ˣ

ǰû硣

һţ㱻˿ˡ

ҪЩʲôսң˵ţѵüһλƯ˹ӣеƷȫ۳ۣ


Ƴ粻򵥡
棬ޣ϶һ˰ɣ

ȡһӵݸ

ǹϸӣȵصɴ۾͸ˡ

磺
ʹãͱҴ࣬һٵģ㻹Ǹˣ˹˵ĵ

ԭӡ
ʵ
ԵţкηԸ뾡ܽ

ʣ뿪ˣа취һ

ǹ̾ҪӦ

æ
ǿӲץҪ

ǹЩʮǿ
еѡ취ɡ

壬ӵиǿǿץһ׵顣ˣǾһѧˡ

Ҳá

ǹеĹ
ǹкó⣬һ򶼺ó롱ˡ

ֺ˹䡣

һŻɫֽʣ
ʲô

Żɫֽɰƣܹо·֮

ֵ
ӿŹ޾ң

һ£˵ͷ

ġ

һȽصļ壬ոطҲˡ
ħrαװʮ˾ʱõľѶʧСӾݺò

Ծңʹ֮˵һξ룬ԭλһάʱ䲻ΣʱС
˵
˷̧߼۸۳Ϊߣҿǵɱ⣬û͵ȥֻ޵

磺

ʲôɱڶݺͶޣ۸̧ٸߣҲԸ
ΣķܸʿĶǷǳصġ

ֿѵ
ӣƣϹ̧۵ģ

ʣ
ǾͲ
˵˽ֽۼҾֻһмá

ۼ۹Ͳǡ
ͺñȴӣҪȹѡػģȻܹשߵġ

֣

̾˿
Ⱥ޵Ĺǲģͷùе¥һ̵˼

뿪֮

һ
˳յĽ׼˵ģǨߵ



Լ·ĽҰϣŰǣżŮϵн

ħ͹ħҪսˡ

Щ壬ħսпֲʲôá

±սϢһʰϸ׼ǨȥݣѰǵıӻ


ͷС޻

С޵˵
hhֶŸճԹأŵɣǴĸ࣬ʡŵԲС

Сҡҡͷ
طǸո߹ˣ

ǽС޵Ļ
ǿǰһ׹ɢŨص

ͷһʯשݳɵĳǽˢ˺ĳšϷһңдš᪳ǡ֡

⡢ⲻǳǳ˳Ǻ󣬲һֱô߻ˣ
¶֮ɫе
ǽˡ




36.     ǻӲǺ꾫

̤֮󲻾, Լ½޵ģ̫ۣ취ժǽΣָԼװ硣

һʽ, ޱȵȹ
캮ţɫ°ڱ紵, ץסķ, ӯ

ժʮã, 㲻Ի·
ΪʲôͲˣ

ˣ

ժǻش
˼δĴС㣬ϲٵˣֹٲ, Ҫɫ

ժǻ䡣

٣
һȺµ˴ɳܳΧסõָ
СӹһЩҵȻһ㡣

ժǣ

ҡȣ
ժǣôⰡ

˵꣬һ


еĵϳء

ƮƮذѻȥ
һЩ𷴿Щ, ߵҲʹ죬ĥ



ޱԵİ᪳ǡ

ҪǨߵĳ, ·ȴһƬ߻Լĳǳء

˼Ρ

᪳ǵĳȫ
߽ȥ, ŵӰ, ϼֻϤĺˡ

ǹǽأ
Ǻ£ͷͰݡ
үǷŹǰ, սˣǲ߲а


Ĺү룺
Ҳ߰˵˲㰡

ֹһʱ䡣

ʵ߲ȥֻ˵
ȥҲһܽ˾Ǹһ³ʲô

Ҳԡ

ǸظҰɣǶʱȥ̽ʲôʱܳߡ

ʱһعȥˡ
ܳ̽޷뿪ⰲ᪳ǡ

ô찡

ǲһӶҪˣ

ǼȻдܳһʱգҲҪԾġʱô죬Ŷӵ𣿡


һƬǡ

ֱº󣬰᪳ӭһֵҲгнŲ̸֡

ֵĳæ̽ͷ

һֻӡ
ŻǰŴֲѵǻǣӣ˵Цߵ˰᪳ǵֵϡ

᪳ǵĳǲ˲۾ʵ
𣿡

ǽ˰£˴ӳˣһɻȻǶԷǹˡ

ˣ
˽л
ˣ

᪳ɺϻƹܵĵطڣȻʶһЩϻɵĵӵġ

֣
ңһˣ

вЩʪ⣺
䣬ϻɱ£û뵽˻š

ҡҡͷ
ֻЩ˶ѡ
񻹱ħֵ߲֪˶ˡ

˵̧ͷ˿᪳ǣ֮дЩζ
ǶǨȥѰ˱ӻΪ֮󣬱ɥ֮ȮҲ޼ҿԡû뵽ǲѰ˼ңлᣬٶȻص

˵ʲô
м

Сʵ
ǡλޣ뿪𣿡

ЦŴ
ˡ



ޱݽء

üԱߵİ
Ҫ޵£

ӵһͷ£ຮ֮صѩΪһİ˵ͷ

ͬ
࣬Ҫ㲻ʦ֣Ļӣ

ൽ֪֪
֣൱ħս

˵⻰ͷǶë׵ѩ׺һ¡

ֲõĲ²⡣
˵硣

Ƕëֶһ¡



ĺ
൭˵
ʦ֣ܷʦһ˶վأϴĵ

˵꣬ţ̤źѩ㣬籮ʯޡ


࣬ûˣ

վԭأһԼͷϡںﴵ˰֮Ų̤籮ʯࡣ

һ߸Уһ룺
磬꾫

ժ֪뷨һ˵
սһ㣬ǻӲǺ꾫



ѩнûá
ͽͼһ䡣

֮صĴӽܣʮ˼Ϊһ塣֮òԶһɽźüӡ

һӴ߳
ŸͷſӣƺҪȥɽ￳

ǳֵġ

Сϣ쿴ǱߣҰã
ץȥհɣ
Ҫգĺóԣ


ԶЩһ˵
ˣ˵һͦӵģлѪдѪħ嶼С

˳ȥ

˲
ֻ˼ѣλλһ˲ߵЩӵǰȥ

СǶһ
ǺСϣͷǶػɫĺ䶼ˡ

С̧ͷࡣ
ͷǶ԰׺ϣ˰Σǰ̽ŵ
磬˭

һְںСͷ࣬СĶѹſ£˵
ԱУҪ

ʵ
ܰ𣿡



Сܻ˼ңվͿʼˣ
ףף

Ժϴѵĺ˻Ӧ
ˣһ£

֣ߵԺſڵʱ򣬱סˡСקŸµˣһͷͷϻк

Ҳǰ

Сĵλǡ

೯źһͷ
࣬ʦ֡

˲һ£
ӡ

ǰħrսɺʯ壬һҾˡͶұԹȣ˱ץסĺСϡ
̹һЩ

û̶ãͱʦŴ˻ȥطиħrء
ħûͣãȷǲᱻԷ¥Ѱ֮󣬱ħڣʱʱһǵ

˺ܵǣгѯӵ
ЩħһʼǴ׶༪١ƺʦŶˣǱش˵֪١

˼࣬
ƺһλʦ֣ĻѪ

˼
ӻƽ𣿡

ǰ
ۿţһϵ׽ķνָ磬ҲۿħԼǴʱһжˡ

ʵЩԹʯġ

Ϊʯ塣
ʦŵĹϵʱӦûء

ɴʱʯ֮˶ĵǣĵЩԹЩˡ

¡

ңλȫңҪǡ

ʵ磬ʵ
Ϊβæʲô𣿡


ǣæһ¡
Ȼû𣬵Ϊ֮£Ҫǵİ



ûڰ᪳ͣá
һ֮ó˽֣ųʮɽĹޣװӡ
˵ǺϻյСܣʲô飬ȥǡ

ýװǧӳġ

Ǻϻһ˻طޣĿŵش̫֡ȻǿžͲͻģҶ޵ģħ͹ħľ䡣

ýֵĻͿԲؽˡ

С
ѰЩδȫħսǺϻɣӶĳǳء

ÿһطӽзųʮˣǳء
ϻģ󷨺Ͳ㣬ǻǽ˺֮£Ȼǳþ

ħز˲Ծ

еķˣǶֺ֧ϻɣϻǲҪ٣

֪ͨħ/ħ壡

ħ̾Ҫǻȥš

ŷɱȥħޣŸ˲ӣ۷˻

㲻ȥô죿

߲ȥ
ħ޾ֵ
ҳ˳ţһĴҳУȻֻصǵĳŴ

һħʵ
ǲǸõˣ

¥ϵħ޵
û
֮ƺֹǳȥҲˣ

ħжϣ
Щϻɵ⣡
ץסǣȫɱˣ

£ħǾñһ

һЯĺڱ۳Σÿص
ɱǰ
ı𣿡



֮
絽ǡ

Ľڣһ֮ĳǳأ⼸ʮֲۡ

ǰںϻɡ
ϻɿǣдޣȴħΧݡħûֹ˻شӪŹǡ

ֹһʱա
ħrϻɣ޶ΪУȻҲС

ǰãħڵսħ˴ħˡ

Ѿǰˡ
翴ǣ̾һ

սңǳزơ
ֻܿǰٵĽǳأһʢĵط

ǳǽϣħվڡ

ħڵħޣδʱ£ߺںƴɫ·ңħǴʱͿʼԼӪˡ
ժǲڱȥμĽ˵
ħ޴Ǻ£׷ħġ

ͷ
֪
ǰЩӲǲ˵Ǳħ幥سǵ˿϶ǹħġ

ʱǺħҲ硣

ųǽ
ιʲôģ

ҡȣժ˵
㿴״绹Ǻõġ
ǰһͲʲôģǻֱˡ

ժǣ

ڴЦ̧ͷħ޵
ǡ



ɽɸ

ԴºɸķΧһƬء

Ϊʬɽꡣ
æҽСͽ峽뾡˰취Ѿ˹ҲֻȻ峽ûҽκȡ

Ԫ׸⣺
Сʦ壬ʦܵȣһ취һ˫ȣעҲж硣

ſһ߿
ҪվǼٵİ

һְסͷ

ֻд˷
˵
㡣

˵꣬峽ϵһһˡִ޵˳ȥ

Ԫɽɸô꣬һμ˳ıӰ
Ŀ̾˿̧׷ȥ

ʦ֡
ſڴߣ۾
ģҸҽޣһκġ

峽εЦЦ
Ѿҽˡ

ҡͷ
ԺΪҽޣһκȵġ



ص壬ǬóһǾƣƺҪһǡ
˰Σֽƺŵһȥˡ

ԪʣСʦ㲻𣿡

ڲƵʱ򡣡
˵
Ҿ֣廢ѳͱݿҲҪҡƶ䣬Σķ

ûΪǶơ

Ԫ׵ҿǣơ


һֻɽ壬ڴ£иͣ

ֻЩ⡣
룬ȱĸӷһȦ

ԪûǴĻֻӦСʦ͸ġ

Űʱ
ʮ˾ƣ޷һֻҹͺ
˵ӻر࣬Сʦ

統ʱͰᣬӲӾᵽѣȻȥػĺ״λɽؾԼһܡ

ػͷɼܵʱ

粻ʦ֣
ߣȥ֤ļ£

Ԫף
ʦɸʹʮ꣬ʮǵ±ȱ˼궼ࡣ

ץ룬ϵֽ
ӻиص㣬Ƣ󣬲Ÿձץסһӳڷϡ

Ԫף
СʦƢӺü꣬ûɿ룬ֱǸ漣

ֽµݵġ

δ鱱鱨Ϣұصһʱ֪ͨ

ſ˸ӡ
æչˡ

Ǹӣ֪뵽ʲôˣغһ

һһֻˡ

ֻЯǧӵıʼ
ǵ鱨Ϊɽһᡣ

Ԫף
ڴʱ棬˵Լзǵ鱨ǧ湻նġ

Сʦ壬Ҫȥ𣿡



繥ǣδͣƿ϶£ֹǡ⼸Ϊĵطڱǿ֮ǰɹħռС

ժǸп
ħǸﰡ
ǻڴܣȴԼĵضزס

磺
ǧǧǰ˵⻰
ǧҲǸڴܣҲûס󣬱幥ˣ

ժǣ㲻ס
˵
صأȫΪġ

ժʣǿʲô

˵
ģ֮˵
ħȻµڶôҲһ죬ȫ

rܵĳ̫ˡ
Ϊģǿȥǹħ塣

˹ħ壬µڶǿħޣȴħڵħˡ
֮˲Ϊ

Цǡ
ʵҲûжġ
޵ħ󲿷ħ壬ϻɣѪԼѴ
ûмˣħӵġ

ͨ͸
һӱ

ʱϵǵ¶̯ϺȲ裬ĳ֮ЪϢˣסһʱ䣬ն̯ϺȲ裬·˻ȥ

Ϊ·ڶ޵룺
쿴ѽҹĳǣǿҰ

ƺµ߳ˡ

ǡħ
ժǹĿı»ڣ
㲻ʱĲ𣬲ôһԪӤˣ


ħΪ֮ɸ𣿡

۾
ӾȻҹħǰἰ֡

̶̼仰֮䣬Ѿҩζʮ㡣




37.     ̨޵ͦġ

仰, ħѾֵ֪֮ˡ

Ҳţ
Ϊβ᣿
Ե, ;߱ʮķգԵʱɱ, Ǻ𣿡

Ĭ

绰һת, 
, ѰҲ

˵ţһס˽
ԻʼѾ׼, Ҫħһˡ

š

ʣ
㻹ʲôϻҪ˵

ĪʥŮһ£ҹħȷʵ޷ԭӡ

ΪѰ𡣡

磺Ŷ

ʵ
ĳǺͣЪڴˣòŲҹħǰѵΪ˸һѰĻ᣿

ָı㡣

ƮƮ˵
Ҳֻأ

Դ˲ÿɷ

һժһ, ϵݸ磬Ҽĸ̫, ѩһС

ùƿ˿ʵ
, ׽

ĸ˼, Ҵⲻ塣

ҹħѩȣǰ

˵, վ뿪ǡ


ժ
Ϊǻȥ

Ų豭˵
ǵȷȥ

ժǣ

˵
Ҫޣħ͹ħ壬˵Ǳ鷳鷳㳲֮͵ȥ鷳

ʱһƴɫ·ħ˳С

ӦѾõ鱨
һأ̯

վǰò
ӣħӵޣֵСסħлд

ժǣ
дǰɱɣ

ժ룺
磬ɲȥ

ðʵھ𣿡

ժǣ
ֿʼˣ



ժǣħ뿪
գżͳ޵ħrڵļֵ

ֵҲħһǧǰ׼˵Ĺż̳Ͻǵλá

ǽԫϹ
ϳְɫ֪⼣ǶѪʷ֮µĺۼ

Ӷ֮ɫ
ħס

ס⡣
ħȷŵ
ΪʲôԾ𣿡

ȻԾ

Ȳ˵ż̳ľɶ˵ż̳м߲ɡ
ӣǵһμô֣ôԲôӷ׵ֱĽ˻ԵĴ

˲òࡣ
ħ˿ģģסĵطȴȹлҪ䡣

ֵ
ժǾȵ
ֵɣ

ħޣ
⽣˵ܲע㣿
ٲҪħ޵˵вУ

磺ôһ˵ҺȻ;üֵͦʺġ

ħޣ

ħ޿
ҽȥͨӺͽԵȡ

ժƬ̡

һźںƤ׵Ŀħ˳ժǣ¶Ц
λӰɣ

ཫˣ
һԾȵĿ˵һ΢Ц
ǰϺ뽫ʱɾħڵĴϿء

ɫЩѿ

ĽڣҪʱħΪ֮׷ɱޡ
ҪĿ꣬ڶڣӴֻʮħеİˣħ˻αװɾӾͬһϡ

ɾҲõ񽣡

ħrµһػΪ޵С
ػͽܡ

ǺħˣħڵҪ죬Խһһ׮Ц

ǵ꣬ǵĹϵ͵겻һˣ𣿡

ͼ磺
ˣǸɸͽħڵͬˣѾǵˡ

Щ磬˵̫ԡ

֮ս½޿Ǹ۲۵ķŮˣ˵ǵν׷Ŵ
ֻԪӤڣһսѾԪӤڣϻժǡʲôȣ

ҲͷӲ

ϿûˣԪӤڣŽӲħ

ֻܷ̬
أɡ

ЦƳһۡ
һַŽժսУŲݵ߽伫ֵ̨߲

rƷζҲûر⡣

߲ڣ̺߲ʲ˿Ϊƽ񻨣ںǽǶ̨֣вػн

̨׽˴

һ̧ף˵r

ƽϣ췢ħްɣ޳˫Ƚһɢ̬
һ֧ڶߣ磬üд޵Ц⡣

ħͳʫ裺
ʯ룬±ţѹټã֪ӶԱ˼

磺

ǻĴħͷ
޸߸ϣһĿħr

룬Һħڼֵ˼Ÿ

Ȼħͷӣڶ˵
ſﱾ


ΪԼ󵹳һ

С˵ʵǺϻɵİɣ

ħţ

ûʲô

rҲ⣬Ը


ħǰõŷ˽·Ҳλã̧һӣϲȡĺ;ơ

ʳӣݺͶ޴ʱõĹ񡣵ʳϡȱһƬޣѾʮĵдˡ

ǰˡ

r޵Ŀģǵܶᣬ˱飺
䭿ɻã

ϵľյ
r̽ĵλ

ûش
ħдңʲô

޶ңΣգ˽䭵׽˼ֵһнԺãʮӡ
r˵
ֻǺȻһʰˡ

̧ͷ˵rһۣ
ħڡ

ħݵЦţ˿ޡ

ֿ磬ʵ
Ϊβƣ

磺
۲Ļͦϸ£

𣬾ʼֻǰϾյȴһҲδǾƣЩ׼ĲȣҲûжӡ

Цŵ
޵Щʱգѳ޾ƣ̫ˣϿڡ

ӿζҲͬ
rĿϣζ
һϲһЩġ

磺

޾ƣӲأӿԸһͣ
r
ཫٵһ輧



ˣ͵r̸вײİֹˡ

翴
rпľ¶
ܲ輧轣Žɣʲ󣬱Ͼڽⷽ棬һ˻治

˵rȥŮȥˡ

һˣ
ϣŮˣ岻ʣʱԴ衣

Ůû
ϴ⼫ֵħŵˣζԸˡ

rüõ
ˣŮȴˣǺã


׳ʺϽ޷ɽɸʱ޺ͽ裬ΪףŰ֮١
硭

衣
r
ǿ͡

æ繰ֵ
ͻ黳

磺
һһͦ£
͵ɵӣǵ˼

ҲŭǴ飺
˵ħһǧ˰ɣ
ʱǲܣδЯħ⣬ʱҾףأô

ժýֱýͱ

·
ǲǸɵϣ㣬㵱ȡֵ輧㲻ˣôϸű۸أ
һͳ̫Ͷ룬

rٱЦ
֮



ϯ˽ӽʱڽϯ͵r̸ƽͣʵ򰵲ص潣Ӱ

类ţ¥ϵ᷿

ʲô£ֱӻǱá
ֵħ˵ֱ꣬˳ȥ

һ

˵ˡ

ժǳߣ˵
Ҳû㺦ѽ

ϸ۵ƣ˵
ϯ־һֱ߬ŽĶˡ

ժץǬ
أҵúúòһ

翴ŷӣպˮͲĽ飬Ц˵
ժǣˡ
֪ʱηӦ𣿡

ժʣ
ôӦ


˵Ҳϴˣ

ժǣ
ˡ
㲻ʶǸ˼봿ˡ

Цſժǲ֡

ڴƬ̡

ˡ
š



űƿһѾЩĸˣǸΪ塣
˵ĳЩϤ

ʣ䭵ף

һᡰ䭡˱ۿ
߽Уţʱ飺
ˣӣ䭻𣿡

˵ϺòáʳǣɽѧΧദܺáңǰ·쳣

¶͵Ц⣬
գĸΪʣҪЮҡ

Ǹ⻰ϥһǰˡ

ǵġ
Ǹ˵
ҲԸΪ֮ߡ䭹úãұˡӲع˼ңҪʲô£ǡ

ַˡ

˵
һɢħĺںģħڵһ䣬ֻҪ⸾뿪ħڣͻ



ֵ

帾ˣѾǱˡ
վ·λ֮ʵ
ϣĿ𣿡

rΪβɣ

ĺ̶ȣ
Ǹ˲һûΪĺ壬ķ²סӡ

ңΪһ˶ҵҲ̫˰ɣ
ǸˣΪһ֮ġ

ཫˡ
rһ֧üдЦ⣬
ٺݣҲǸޡ޴󲿷ֽ£ҲһǿƵĺܣֻΪѰƫࡣ

ΪһˣŻ飻ҲΪһֻССѪɱʮޡ
Ϊƫ޳ʵϽ߼



⼫ֵס

ڼ䣬ʴޣѾǳرʧȥϵ
rȴûвһ޷Ӧ

ժǾ֣
˵ʲô
뵽ʱΪʣ󽻻Ͷ𣿡

Ҳǣ

ввȥ飬ժһ붼ͷۡ

ʵ
˵㵱ΪʲôҪӦ֮⼫ֵⲻԼ𣿡

˵
²¿

ժǣ
˼Ҳ²͸

̸䣬ķűˡ

ħ˵
ӣħһȥǼ

磺
ժǣ

⼸ħrʵĺܣһϷӣȥ˳Ϸһҽͷȥ˼ˣ
־ٶժǼҪΪûʲô£Ȩ͵λš

ȥ

ͺ͵rš
ʱܾʱӦ̬ģ壬ʡ

ʱ
һֻѩ룬˼ֵĴ

Ͻֽһۣţ¥ȥħrˡ



ħ޶Եr˵ܾԼ֮¡
ħһһߴŵӣ̧ͷȥrķӦ

rĽϡ
ϲŭ⣬ҲЦ⡣ֻǵʹɫЩɨµӡ

Ǽֶ·ħ

rǵ
ȻӲǱ뿪ա

Ÿ䣬ͼӹսǴ¥ˡ

¶ǳЦ⣬һ֧ڶ࣬
ôˣ

罫ֽݸ

˵һָšռõʱգĳٸǰִ֧ӳδʧȥϵ

䣬չһͼΪߣڵͼϹճһԱݶʼ޶յ

˵
ǹӵн·ߡ

r˿·ߣ̧ڵͼָһ㣬˵ѩȣħĵ̣пǶ

ħк֤ݣ

û֤ݣǲ²⡣
r
аֵĿԣѩҲֵһѰ𣿡

磺
r⹷͹ħԹֱȥɹħ塣

ʹʹġ
治ǻħͷ

ɵĺܣҲʹ
֧ӸڣֽǳҹдϷݶƾġ

˳
ħ˵ǣҾȥѩһˡ

rͬ
޴ʱңӶԳвȫ

Ȼͬ⡣
ϧвȣΪ˰⼫ֵôȥѩȣ

֧ӶʧޣħӦΡЩȥѩȸͻ·ߣѰҳӡ

Ҳܾɣֻͬ⣺
Ҳãͷħˡ

糯ͷת¥ȥЪϢˡ

ժǴڽɸֵ
簡磬ôܴӦأôܳ²ߣأֵס˼죬ͱ𣿡

ǳ
֮ǰ˵һͰ𣿡

ժǣ





ȷѾԶ

ħԵr
ϣƺ뿪

ȥѩȡr˼ζţıȡ޵׼Ѿ㣬ѾȥѩȣԹħֵʱˡ

Щжغͼֵʧȥ磬ͲĳҲвҲûлš

սʱǴɡ
rעⲻ

rҵȵʱҲˡ

裺
ڵʲô
統ʣҪ޵ʱ

뿪һˡ
r뿪˼ֵ




38.     һλ¾

ٴ¥
ڴ, һ˫齣Ե۶棬ƺڹ۲ʲô

ժǷߣڰ, ʱ˳


㿴ʲôˣ

˵
ħڼֵѲߴˣҲøϸˡ

ժǲ˵ؿ, ˵
Ǻ⣿

ȴЦˡ

㻹Цĳ
ժµ
ҿĳ, ȥҷúø㿴һ

ἰ
ɽɸ, ˷Ǻ
ɫۿɼؽһ¡

ܿ죬ͽԼˣ˿Ĳ

ǳǳЦ, Խ˵
ժǣħ뿪ֵˡ

ժǣ

ħrµڶֻǸԪӤڵСޣڼֵ뾡취ҲӲ
˵
һţ⼫ֵͺпܷסҡԣֵŻǿѲߡ

ժʵ
Ǹʲô

Ҳߡ
شĸɴϡ

ħټֵ˵ĺʱ
ʱ, ʱߣ

ժʵ
ħϻأ㲻ˣ

ժһϲ类ҪЮ, ŵӡ͸Ǹ, ˬͰν, ¶ܿĽޡ

ǰ
в磬һɱˣ޹ǡ

ժǵǸͨʵĽ, һж̫򵥣̫ɴࡣ

¡
ժǵĵһ뷨ǸɵʣǲϣʧȥΨһˡ

ȻҪܣҪܡ

ժǽ侲¥ֵߡ

Ҳϲ󡣡
һ˵ţৡһγժǽ

ӣ
޼ħѾ硣

ŮѾʵ񽣣̤ÿһԴŷ磬캮ضɱӭҪסʺ

裺
ħŸߣҪֵּ
ⷴӦδҲ̫Щ

亹Ӳ˵
ʲô𣿡
ǾüįˣұǺӵȥ˵˵

ʲô¡
ֻ磬ʡ

ġ
δսЦŵ
׳أûȱеĶҲһҪС

亹ֱʵ
Ҫʲô

ʵ
ħʣƾʲôУ

˵գ粽任ὣֱ

跴ӦԼ˫
Ե£ֻƳһЩȴޱȣʺƶǵĻ

ժֱţ

һ仡סժǣ
һִ粱

˫Χ̣ȴܿס󲿷ֻһĵˡ

һ̬¶һǳЦݣʵ
裬㲻ΪӮҰɣ

˵ꡣ

սֻȻʩ

µժǽֻȻȥ

ԼĹյӶһʹ
Ҳ֪Ǳ۶ˣѾˣ

ժǻ¸߸𣬶㿪򲱾һڿУ

ѩȹڷɣƣʢ

ȹʱ
ժǽȵشӺ󷽼ľࡣ

ֻҪһ½ժͷ

簺ͷ
Ҳˡ

裺

еֻ
ժ֣һŻĵķֽݵϡ

ѷֽһġ

ʱ͸оԾˣʵ
ʲô

һֻޣᡣ
˵
Һ֮ΪΪͣҲû¡

裺

Цŵ
ͬԼ

һһܽԼ޵ģԣ治ҵ˷ϡ
赭д˵
÷ӳ㹻ļֵȻҾͰɱˣԺҪԼ޿

裺
˵˻

磬˭ˣ˭ħ

ŲĽ
ŲʩʩȻشԱ߹ȥ

赱Ҫˣµ۶ϣʲôεĶ޷Υ޷˺硣

Ƶߵ档

̤ź̺ʰϣħrŽǰḧϵĻƽ񻨣ҧŵĺ챦ʯ

𾪵Уתˡ

㡭

Ͳ¾ϻ𣿡

һ֧ɵ
һСߣµģħôСɣ

裺
ССԿ

ֲһ䣬
ǵħزˡ

裺
ڿʲôЦ

ģ
־ãûͬЦ

ҲߣǺú̸һ̸ɡ
˵̸һ̸Чҵˣ̸һ̸ܵõĺô



ųӣš

ϻյĵʱЩкǴǰԺϻɵϤΣڡ

ټϻɵӣ˫ʪ
û뵽ǳǻٻصϻС

壬ڳǳΪħкٵǱħصĸ˰ʱʱ㱻ʳƣּѡ

Ƕܻϻɡ

վϣΧĳǺ
һʳȱĿһЩ

ִʱϡ
ⷨװණʳǧӸһķʱһ㶼ȱ

˲˿ӡ
µģ
ϻ֮˿ʲô

СܸǷ
Լ£ġ

Ȼаϻɱħ幥ơ֮һλĵӡλһλҾһ׷

һСʵ
ʲôѽɣ㣬߻¡

ﲻŴʡ

⺢ӣʵ
СĴʿ࣬ǲѧѽ


ҶЦ

Ц֮ż˵
Ǹˣǳ߻¡ʲʡ

Сʵʲôʲźʣ

˫

СЩա

˫
ʲôӵˣǾ˫أ


ԭΪԼԵٻˡ
û뵽ǰ˵ңػ˶ܿࡣ̣Ҵ˴ܾȶˣ;ȶˡ

ǵ
һλš

һλˡ
̾һ˵
ˣô޶ӡ

Ȱ˵
һλ˰ЩԸ׷ϻɵҲڣΪʱδˣҪŹȥˣҪǰ

ЦЦ˵Ҳǡ

ʱԵȺзִ

㲻Ҫ
ʳûħķݣ
ⲻĳǣԼĳȥ


񿴹ȥ

ŷȺＷһСŮСŮŴ˲ѣһǱģԼԿħơ

СŮǼȥʮؼѡ

޿κΣ۾
Ҽûзԣ͵ܵܶҪˣǼҴû˺壬ǣǸһЩ԰ɣ

ȺߵСǰʵǴģ

СŮҭҭش
ﲻԶǡ

ţ
ǰ
ûǴĻħĳǳء

ʵǳܶత𣿡

СŮ˵ͷ˵
ǳ̣ʳŴűͣˣЩռ˳ǵˣǳûʳҲҪһϳǣ³ˡ

սĴ껹ڡ
ǾһƬ䣬Ҳûʳ
޶սֲܱȥĳֻܵ

СܷԸ
ǸСһЩʳȥӼһǵĳ񡣡
æߣͻϹȥ

ִӽзųһЩӣʵлҽ𣿡

һ˴
ͨһЩ

ŵ
Ǿٴ㣬ҩҩݡ

ͼȰ
ˣɶħ尡

Щյħ岻ͬ
ҡҡͷ˵Ǿһսܺƽ񡣡



֨
̶֮󣬵ؽǳصűбܿҳƯ

ӣߡ
ߡ

һ

̨һڰĵ¡

һΣӦѾʹùܶˣѪȳζ
ĵθͲһ

˽ݺֱ߽η

ǰһһµʿʿ̧ۣһ½ޣʱ˷

ңӾң
󺰵Ǻϻɵţ

ޱ
裬ɱˡ

ϻŵ

ѾϻɰţҪˡ
ʵ
ȥʲôħһս𣿡

ϻţ

ħ裺
ò

ȥ

ʱؿһࡣ
ηеĹˣеĿšſڶƣеڹŵˣеǰعˡ

ĳϣˡr֡

磺
ʲô

ûߡ
ֱһ˩ڹҼϣѾѪģͣ˽Ų

ſڵӡ
Ϸд֡

ƻ߽η

ϸϸشű˩ŵˡ
˱ƤֻѪ⣬ճҵĺڷȫڷƺΪҪʲôĥ

Ǭ﷭һҳ˻εϺõĻָҩ


СүòԺһⵤҩպһ°ɡ

˵ţеҩǰ֮˵塣

ǿȥʣһһϢˣȻ䷢˱仯ʧȥƤӵƤֻǺǰģһ

Сү˵ǰİŮޣʵ
˭ΪʲôңҪʲô



žСүϵСүӼϵ¡

Աһ㡣
վСүˤ˵ϡ

鵤Ȼ֮ǰ״һˤҪ

֪ħrΪʲô𣿡
ڹؼ֮ʱҪЮҰԸħ塣

̧ͷŰŮޣʣ
أ

罫һ䣬˵
ԾԮΪͷҺ



ޱݽ֮ء

İѪͳټʦֵݣʹ֮أܿȡΡ

ʯĴĻȥ硣
һµʱЩСӵĴ峤۵ʯ

ڴڵĿյش˵ͼ

СϺ棬һֱߣǸ

Сϵ
磿С

ش
ֻǵͼСѣʵϿɴءƣ½ʦһһٶٿҲ÷Сһ¡

Сץص֣
ΪʲôҪ˵½ʦţⲻҲǸʦ𣿡

Ц

˻
Сϣһ峤ҪˣСӸϹʲôأ
ɳˣؼң

Ŷ
Сϲ鲻Ը

ͷ˵
ûµģԺ档

Сϵ໭ڸЩ׷ź˻ؼȥˡ

ʱ峤ȫˡ

ȣò
λǱĻӣҲµһػͽܣӵʦ֣ࡣ
Ҫǣ˵ĻѪ

峤Ƕ˵⼸ЩӦ

簡λΪ˾Сϣɱʮޣ˷Է¥ӡ

ʲôʱлˣ

Ӧİɡ˵һһӡˣҲˡ

һϢЩ
Щ֪ģǾԶǰˡ

һ峤࣬ʵ
֤𣿡

Ҫ񣡡

ס

ЦŶǴ峤˵
Ȼԡ

˵꣬۾̫صԼ

ʱ
ͷǶԺѩڷзɡȻðë׵Ĵβͣѩ׵βоһ࿴Բëӡ

β׺
һһֱĻҡ

ԭǻӵ£ʧ񡣡
Ǵ峤̬ȶʱǫࡣ
ӵҵǰҪʲôأ

˺β
ָŵͼһߣ˵
ʦԸһƬڻѪĳǳأûѪҲڴռһϯ֮ء

峤ǵɴ۾
Ǵδ顣

ûвȥǳء
峤˵ǽˣҲûȥسǣǳΪеġ

ʦԸǮԳɳһˣһǳأڽİسǡ

ܰﵽҲֻһʱǾҪԼάˡ

˵
ǳؽ֮ڳѧãڷһգǻӵбԼĸ

峤ʵΪ˰ǣ


ǻѪ꣬ûѪ֮࣬ԸΪƻѪĵλһ
ߣҲǰװװ

к

޻һλ¾Ҫ֧
Цŵ
İɣλ¾Ƕƽ⣬Ӳ۸ѪĺþΪǵĳǳزܵѹڰ֮·ɿسɳ

峤ʵλ¾ǣ




39.  ѩ   ͣ

̫, վߡ˺ðΣڷǽҡҡλεվ

硣
ΪԼҪħһȴ, ˴ľбٿһ⡣

ʣҪҰʲôæ

ҪĿɶˡ
, 
͵ðҡžóطһ, ħrٳ, 䡣

Ƭ̣˵
ÿʲô䡣

عͷȥ
ཫ, Сү¥

޷ֻܰ˵žĿİ¥֮ȥ䭵׹

Ƹϵ䡣

ðˡ
ᴥģߣʱıʧˡ

ժǾһԿš

Ƕ˵СүԼ뿪˾ңħðġ
ǻǸˡ

ڿǴ, Ӣʢôˢӡ

ĺ
أ

, ⼫ֵס

, ҳ
𣿡

һ, ֻþġҪֵ

Ƭ̣˵
, סħġһ򷨣ǶƳɵȻι̣ܲסħrǿ

Цһ£˵
ûϵֻҪܷס˾Ϳԡ

裺

˵ħˡĻѵ˵ģ

˵ϵ׸ʲôȥˣ
ô᲻ٻأ

跴˼ʱ

Ѿʼˣվ̧Ƹ

ɫˮڼֵе
𽥳ͣɫÿħ޵ϣγһǵħ
иĽһ𣬱˴һԲεĸӣֵС

޵Ư

ǫѷ˵
ҪлṩԼΪ磬û㹻󷨵ġ

ߵֵ⡣
ÿӣ
ϵһ˲ɽľޡ

䭵ױһ
Ҳ̫ҿ

ͷ·֣ˣСүǸ뿪ħˡ



žָ
ἲǧһεĵططɳûʲô֮һɳƺЩӰ

нӰС

ΧɫȻһ䡣
ʮǧۻѩƮ䡣

ǰһȾ޴ĺţϷңдҡ֡

ϻȥ
ȴȥ

ժʵ˵ˣ˻ʶ𣿡

߽ҴԶ򿪡

ժǣ
ô졣

˵󷨣ϵѪԵ

Ŵ򿪺иɴȹĹҡСȣƺɾűߣͷؿˡ

Ǻˣ



ҰǸ磬

еСȵ䡣

æ͵
֪ҸĻòϲˣҵıֻҪһ֤ҵݡ

βԸš
г֣֪Ҳòˡ

´ž˫Ѿ죺
㾭ʲôŻһģǼ㣬۳ʲôӣ

̶̼仰ö˱ͷʹޡ

ϡ

ժҧ
أ̫ˡ

䭵ҲЩп
ӷ֮ãټʱ᲻ҲҪۿ˼᣿

ժһ߿һߵ
磬ˡ

һԣ˵
ȻͷпգҴ¼ҿɡ

˵
ƺǾЩ⣬
Ϊ㲻¼ҵء

СʱǺ棬˵ҵȿ㣬Ҳ㣬Ϊҵ֢˺Щүβ

ժļ򣬵
İôܻ᲻룿ǰҵôܲﰡ
ܿˣһϲҵģģ

磺
ǵȷԼһӡ

ժʵ
磬ôûң

ûлش

ڡ

;Ѿꡣ

棬˵
ҵľˣ͵һЩ¡

ȴǽȥɡȵݸԼˣȥҰ



ᣬžԺߡ

ıò
ҵʹӶѾʶ

ǿСȣûѰһԺӣԺ

һ
ү;ˣžı


Ϸֳһ֡

ۣǿһ

ȵˣᣬԼǲſʼӴԶĿˡ

үˡ
ͷ磬Ϊ֮

Ļһү;˵ɫ

֮
಻Һϵ

ңȻʲôҪ֮¡

ү;˶һۣ໥.ͷ

û뵽ᣬӵĳɾ͡ү˵ӾҶҪα뾡

˵
Ҫħڸ𡣡

үʵ
ֻ

һʧõĶӣ˵
ӲᣬҲҪħѰġ

ү˵
ֻǣħrʵڲĶ֡ˣͳħȥѰҶˣҪȵղۣ

ħrԸ

ԼѰ֮·ϲħү粻ģþҶԼ



̸йá
޾ҾͲȡжΪСӾΪ֮ɱ׷rħޡ

鷢չ˵
Ѱ·ϣûħ춼û⵹һ׮£ֻ۾үȥʣ綼ϻش

үֻЩģ
ӣ׷ɱħ֮£ӦȥɣΪҪҾأ

ҪΪ¾

ģҪһʴ֮ġѾޣȴħ൳̡̫
ֲķŹǣһһħrҪ٣Щħ޿ɶ

˵
ԣҪо
Сүħ꣬ȥƤѰɱħޣȻ

Ĵ𰸣үľ
˳Ǹֲͣܽıȡޣɾʹ¡



׷rħǴȥ
ԭеһ߽⣬ֻʣһʮֵּĹħ塣

ħѾ̫ˡ

޳˴ĺҪսӵ¾λɾħ¾ҪȾɾЩͽħˡ

Щ߳ܡ

ժǵȫ⡣
ƺʮֵĿŰקܹõЩʡ

ժ
ƺŲĻͲҪħ

ʣʲô

ժǵ㵱Ȼħġ

ˣ

Ҳˡ

ժǣ
磬˲Ҫ̫֡

Դϣһ߿޻ɳķ羰һָ֡



ݣɽ
ʱѵգɽոѩ

ڼ׵Ĺɨ㣬ޱҡৡৡɨѩ

ɡ
ɽ˵ĵλ캮ض֮ɨѩģӦ󱲷Сĵӣ߹ЩͲСǡ

ʱ̫Ӻ͹֣ɽûʣ¼ˡ
ѩɽ·Ҫܲܽгҹǧݵȥɨѩֻȥɻˡ

һһɨѩ
ȻԼԶһĨӰ

۾ȷԼû

ɨѾɽܣ
¥ǧɽˣ

ҹ˿裬
ˣ㲻úдʲô


Ҳİ

Ƿˣųɱ⡣аǼвģ

а֮һ仰˵ĺã
ʲôɥ£ҪⱨӦˣֱӽһң

ҹʲô

һ׵顣
סҲһ顣
ͦɴġ

ҹԼҲ
ǧȥӣģԼȥ

ȥǧӡ

ǧˮ˵
ҼŲԣ㻹ó¥ȥɡ


Ҹոսʱ㻹ڿʳأôæŲˣ



ʱ󣬳ҹ鲻Ըɽ

һµķվѩС
·ϴ.ɫɴϣгˮƮ˶ӯģƮƮġ

Ƣڱꡣ
浣˵ĳƺš

ҹԶԶؼͷ
ò

ϴμʱ
ػͷʱ̽˹СǳҹֹʱҪػĹɱȥˡ

ʱķҪЩ
ڣѩ׶Ƶġ䣬䡣

ҹü
ôˣ㻹ûɢ

ҹ

Һأͷġ
ҹɽɣǧڵء

ɽ

ϵѩûɨɾЩ
ĺȣûаҪˤ˼

ҹƼȤ

ƽʱ·Ҳ
֪ʲô



̤ҡ

ɽ򿪣þɢȥ¶ɽıò¥ƻò
ɽɸٲȻǲַͬ

ǧߡ
ҹǰ·

ϡ

ɽ¥

߹ľݺ󣬶¥ëͷֽĵľţֱ̺̿߳齡
һɰĺ촦ðЯŵζɢ

ǧһѩۣǰСɵı衣

λˡ
ǱõĲ裬ǧƵǰ

λƴ˱ǡ

裬Ҷûʣˡǧ˵õȵʱڣ²衣

飬ֱ׵
ǧӣҲȲġ

ʵǵ鱨أ

ģ̌ͷһۣ˵
ûС

һ䡰ûСøɴϡ
ЩӦƬ֮ſʼ

ǧдǵ鱨ɽˣƮƮһ䡰ûСڶ

ǧӣףɽɸովʲô
ʵ
ǿЦʱΪ˼㿪Ц𣿡

ǧûʲôӦ

ߣٳʱʲôͷʵأ

ǧӴȥˡ

ĴԿհһ˲ŵؿǧӣʵ˵ʲô

ǧظһ飺
˵ȥˡ

䣬͸о亮
е˪Ѿĺ



һ·ѩȥ

ѩ֮صʱ
緢֣ǰûѩȣֻһƬһɽ塣

óǿӡ

ʱ䣬ɽ
۳ѩƮͬߡһֹϢѩµʱǰͳһɽȡ

ɽ֮У𣬷֣ѩȱܲ͸硣

ʵߺˣ

硣

Щɢȥóͨѩ·

ᣬժǣѩȥ

طֻһҰɽȡ
ʵϣбж졣

ѩȣҵһɽɽ֮󣬿һȻʯдĳݡ

ϳݣɽڣһ׳ɽ硣

ħ취ɽͿա
ɽ֮Уʯڣݺ;޴ʯͷ
ɽˮٲ˳ұڶ£·ڳ֣
ʯ·սкͯ汼ˣ֮·ֲ˲֪Ƚס

Դ
뵽һʡ

Լߵʯ·ɽǼ乬

С

һƺµİ׷̫ǰλϡֱԼһкͬɫ·ˣǹħ塣
ֱǽ£·ƵˣЩ塣

ǹһˡ

ǰ׷̫Ƭ̣˵û뵽㾹ȻĸӦҹħ롣

ŽηЦ
̫˸ӣѵϣҾܾǵ룿

紫˵Ǹı֮ˣȻܹɾʹ¡
̫̾
ѪҹħȻҪףȢš

磺
ժǣ

أ
ǹħ

簴סҪ˵ժǽ
֪̫ħ壬Ϊ£

̫˵
֮Թ㣬ȴҲǱ˵˵ãҪĴ㡣
Ը⽫޽壬ԲټƽɱʥŮĹ

վһ
ĸ˱

磺
˭˭
ǲʲô⣿

ָ
ҾЩ

̫˵
Уػŭħr׷ɱǴӦҹħҪǿԴħб㡣

ЦЦ˵
ǡҲҪħ׷ɱңõȦѱ

һƬĬ

̫
ʲôħģ

Լɡ
绺سժǽ

ѩҹħĵ̣ﵽҹħˣΪǶ𣿡

ڸ֪磬֮

ȴЦ˵
ǰյʱһֱţѩ鷳û뵽˿Ӹңѩȡ

ڸ
ǲͣҡ




40.     ǧµһֺ

˪ָھϡ
ǧӺһ, ޾ɫؿ˪Ľ

ŭɫ
ڵǸʲôĵط, ֪ΪҪȥޣ

ǧӵס

кѴǧӾ䣬Ѫ, ˳Ž滬, Żű㱻˪˺

ǧӲ, ϴǳЦ⣬ʣ
ִʦֶǸʲôƢѵʲô, ˭˭ҲҪ
˭סȥ˭Ļ

˵˵ţǧӵĻоͼ˷̡

˵зܹܽס磿Ϊͷãз̡

ˡ

ǧ˵
, ϰ
ܵס, ôɽɸɸͽأ

ɽ, ѩ, һƬš
Ƿǧ֮䣬Χ̬Ȼɺ

ۼŷҪŭ
һȺȻ˪, ǺƣǧӾŲ

սǲʱ˪ڲʦϻһѪߡ

ҹŽ棬Ȱ
סְɣ



Ȱܣ
Ҫֲȸô죿

㱻ϲǧȻƽֻƽУԼܿһֲֻʧı
λһеĲʦȻҲû뵽ҹС

ǧӣھ˿ϣ˵
͵һǸú˵ɡ


㵹ǲŹ˿ҵĻᡣ

˽ǧӶ棬ڵ
˵ɣΪ봫ţڲƭݣ



ѩȡ

ժǳʡ
ὣѩȡ

ħ嵱ɫ
δ뵽ֱӣ˵û仰ҪֱӶ֡

̫ȣѩл죺
󷨡

ΪӦħ֮ħƾո֣֯һһ󷨡

󷨲ǹħ֮ˣΪԵõ塣
ǵԤУȽ˲磬ħr󷨺ķ˺һ򣬻ЭõļΪǿ

ħrˣҲҪгԿ

̫磬ղҹħ壬ѩȣҪĹ

󣬴ϳԹһ󷨵Ŀˡ˵ǾһһΣδҲ̫Ʋˣ

¡
ֳֽڳ

ǧŻɫֽǬɳճһͬ࣡

ʳָָ£һᣡ

ŭ𣬿Хűħ󷨣
ײһ˲ɢǧɰīƵĻƷֽɳģ

Ϲ󷨣ЩƷֽơ

ʤࡪ
ǧţǵأ

ǧ̻֮Ѩķ󷨣ҲƷֽɡ

ע
ֽ֮Լž죬ϵ⸡𣬻һ

׹ɨ

ŻƷֽײлٻƬͽҡһŷֽ飬󷽻иճϣӦԣ

ʱħĲȣ׵֡

ὣϣ
ժǾ׵磬̷ֱ

ħ󷨣ƣ

ħ岻ţ
ôᡭ

Ϲŵ󷨣ô᲻Ʒֽ

ժǴЦ
ô᣿޿ɲֹó󷨣

̫ʶʲôȵ
ң

ƷֽɾΪ׼
ȾֹΪȥħ׷ߣΪ˶Ը̾ѩȵĹħ塣

ү˵
ħ󷨷ƣһáһ򷨡ΪʺǿӷֽӿԴ˷֮ǿ󡣡

ٱ䡣
ɢ׹ķֽɢɳ׵һ޴ѩУ

ۼҪѩȡ

̫ɣ

Ʊ任ֹ
üۿ̫

Ҫ֣
̫
ѩеĹħ壬δйһӶڴˣӲħħ֮޹أ

һ˰֡

ն񶾵ˣҲߡ
ħrͷ۲ѵĹħˣϵ̫ţƲȴΪδ˶á

Ҳԡ
ˣħ壬Żħġ

̫˵
ҪҹħȨȥǡ

˵
Ȩƺöᣬħħȴ޷׶ߡ
ҪȡޣΪδȨȶħҾһħrҵδͬĽգһҪΪ޶Թħֶ֧ͷ۲ѡ

̫Źȣԭվ˰Ρ
ЩųֲסȶڴͿҪȥ

գ˵
ģɷѩȣҹħ

Ļ˵һ롣

ĵˡ

һصдŴѸٳأŨħĺѪһ

̫ǹħΪ֮ˡ
ħ֮أħrһϸ¡

ħţʹء˻һ
ӯȫʼȡ

ժǻ
磬ˣ

ժǵĻ
ס˵ıܣǰһִժǽȥ

̫󷽵ϵĵӦ죬˲䣬̫ȥ

һ̴̫Ҳ˶ܵ谭δܴ̫̫󷽵

̫͸Ρ
һ嵶Ϊħɱ˶һժǽʯ죬עħơ

һһ˹
̫лΪʱҲ֧ˡ

ڱĵϣ԰׵촽

ĸǸ
嵶˵
ʥŮ֮йħһͳ޵ԸҽԲľˡ


̫ǿް취ֻĸѪ֮кеħΪǣ
ĸҪѹϾȥ㣬ˣҲĿˡ

սժǽһ

ժŭغﻰ
ħµʲô壿

ƣֻҪܽǧһĺ塣
嵶
ħλң



ݣɽ
ոӭӹ˷ɽɨɽ·ɨûãֿһӰ


Ǽ˹ˡ
ɽǰ˶࣬ʺϴ͵ʱǲ˿ɽѩʱ򣬷ƵƵпǰ

ĿŸ졣

һ£ɴɫΣֹŮӢʰ
һȣӳӢ԰׵գȴڲס˫䣬ζұüеЦ⡣


˰죬Լļˡ

ڻϡ
Ƿһħr


ļ˹ˣ
ɽĶЩʲôˣ

ıϻάƽ
ԶΪ£

rȱάƽ
һ˦ΪһѪɫ
̤ɽ



Ӧһ


һɽˮͼɽϷ£סѪɫ.ħ

תŷɻС

֮źӸߴ¡
ҡȣЦŵ
ҽոѧôʹӣû뵽óˡ

ҹȣȻأ
ħӣһλ֣ɷָһ£ʹΣ

rҲգʵ
ҹҪң

ҹ𣿡

Сrɴɣִϣɾƾ㣬סǧӣҲҵĶ֡

ǧһ鲷ʦûʲôս綼򲻹ҹȻΪ񣬵վΪС

һսȻգȴҲӮ¡

rˡ
һ֣Ҫɱҹǧӡ

ʱһ
ټأ

ŗĿһֽɫӰ
ڴˣ

ҹˣһ뵶ǹĳµ

ɽϣһ׳ˮ
ʱ䣬ѩĩɽ䣬ѩˮ֯ӣͬĻϣɽ£С

ǧӡ
ģõ󷨡
һֻҪ󷨲ƣħr޷뿪ɽ

rüɫ£
ң

ҹ˵
ҲԼԸȦײа

֮˵
ħ֪뿪ɽǰһľ֡ľǣħrҰģжô󡣡

ҹ
ħڼֵǹΪƿأṩϢ㡣
ǡôʱͼ뿪ֵǰѩȵΪ㣬Ҫıˣֻħ塣

ԭֱв󡣵̰Ϊħ塣뿪ֵȥѩȡ
ԼɽռҺǧӡع飬޺ԹС

ҹ˵
һħƿĿ͸ˣüı

ϧ׼

ǧһֽӶڲƭݡ
һֽһԣ˫ս㵹ԭƵϣħrʧȥʤ㡣

Ӵǧӣɽ

һ֣rֻðܵ档

ʵ
йۣ̤࣬һ̽䡣Ԥϴ˾ôģ

ҹµЦŻش
ħ̫׼˫ƽƶԾ֣Ԥϵ𣿡

мıһǰᡪԤ֪
ǧӡ֪δĲʦ֣Ϊ̣ħҲֻһӰˡ

rδӦ

ǷЦһ
ǧȷµһֺ塣



ѩ֮ڣ

ûǰù˲ոյǿʱѱħʴҲѾսѩȵʱ

׼һ㡣
Ҫô˻ᣬ

ħӰ죬в֮ǰ˳ж΢Щٻ

δֿ

г嵶
ʩأһҪصס

ƫת棬졣
Щ㱣ЩʧԭֱָʺĽ棬ľߴ˹ȥ

ժǵ󡭡

ħ壬Ȼм˻ΪӣӰ쵽磡

ժ
Ǳɣ

ħ壺
壺
սأһ飬̸ʲôɲɵģ

ժǡ

䣬ƽˮơ

˵ҵ۾

˵գעժǽ
ܽעڳϣǳէ֣һּΪİɫ

۾

ǰĻûжϾ
ֻһǶȶѡ

ںժͨУʱҰժǵҰǽӽǣ

ժ񽣣Ӱ죬ᱻþ֮ͨ͹ħĻͳһ÷ǽ

ӽЩŹ֡

ⲻ⡣

Ǹʽ߳ϰĽĽޡ

ػ̹Ľľϡ

ΪԽ֤ġ

磬ǽ޵һУ޵һǽǽǽһУǽ

ԽնУնն飬նննǽ֮ǰԿնϡ

ĿܽԾ

ӵȴ嵶ӽʱ򣬸еһ

ΪԽ֤ģ
ĺϽ

ǽ

ժ񽣣бһ
֤£




41.  ħ   ҪҵҲû

Ϊ, Խ֤ģ

бһ
ɱǵأ޿϶

˿, ħ壬Ю, ǿ罣С

ժ֮޿ƥС

嵶ӽ˲, ϳһб, ߶Ͽ

ն嵶
ֳһۣѪӿ, 籡

ڵأŷ

ժǶħ塣
ժʤܣ

۾
Уþɢȥӳǹħұӵĳ

ʩ
ᣬѩˡ

γα󣬾ɽԴˮӿ, ⹬е

ֽһϢ

ý򢣬˵
ĸ, ħ廹Ӯ档ɱһˡ

ΪʥŮ㸴Բħͳ޵Ը
ƮƮ˵, 
ȥɡ

˵Щʲô

ȴ, һϻһѪߡһµɣҲþ, ô

վһƬҵĴС
Ŀùħ·ۿɽʯҡα

ѩȶ춥Ѻۡ

̧֣һӳ
֮ƸһΪʼӣ󣬾ʯ䣬һӿ϶ѩ֮С

Ϸȥѳѩȡ

ħѪҺвдڻħҲ׷½޶ƲɢҪѪ

ͬʱտС
ƺձ¡

׹ܣ¡¡죬棺дħ



պѩ

ͬʱű֮ޱЭѪǳء
ʱûֻĻѪڱ棬ӵԼһƬأԴ֮вڻϲ֮ɫ

ʱмСһЦ

ԺǾѧˣ
ѧ˷Ǿܱ
ܱú½һ𣿡


ժ˵
磬޵ĺСϣݵİųɺһĴˣ㵽ʲôã

ĵ
ʲôã

ʦá
ϵˡ

ʦ֡кЦӯӯسˣþòˣҸһ

ࣺ
Ļͷ˽һۡ

˵
ʦôãΪβЦӭ

ûе£㿴ˡ
ȻǸ꾫ǱΨһĻԵͷת

粢С

ţȻЩԡ
ͷ磬ϸƬ̹ԥڵ
ʦãΪħ

УϾԼź

ࡣ

޶ԣħһ֣ʡ
֮г߻ħߣħߣÿʮ֮а䣬ʣǲ֪ټҲ䲻ʲô³

ȻѾѳɸ
δģϻǸޡ

ϲħ
ԣǺ¡

ħ̫ŵѪõˡ
ƽش
ͷѰУ¡

໹˵Щʲôȴȥˡ

绻˻⣺
һж𣿡

ʦ÷ġ
֪˵ʲô
ɱʦ󣬾ټδ٣л

á

Ĵһգƽһա

ԶԭԶҡ
ֻǣʦѾСӣ֪ûĺ£Ҫ֣ٴλġ

һϳǽѡѲִʦþΣ
ָλãóͼ翴

ǽŲһŲɡ

ǾŲ˵ˣͿҪϻɵĵˡ

ϻɵĵ̫Щ

Ц
ޡӵħ֮£Ժӵеĵ̱Ȼ󡣡

ܲġ
ڵͼϱһ
һطңϻɵĵطЩ󣬲Ӧòκá

ؿŵͼдд

ǲͷȥ



պɽ

ʦʦ
룬ϲ¥󣬸Զںǧӡ

Ѿˡ
ǧӣ˴档
£ˡ

ƿ˶¥ĵľš

ҪǧӱϲͿ߳ϣʦҽ޳˹

߷䵭

·˵
Ϊ¥ڳ֣ûأ




ǰһֱʦ̫䵭
ⳤúÿȴദķһһԱȣŷԼʦǶôͰһˡ

ǧӵʲô£

˿ǧӣֿ
֧֧ģһش

ǧӵֱ˵ǡ

ʦáʦ
۾һᣬ˵
ʦţѾܹħ壬ıȡ޴ѳɣٹһʱգͻĺųϢħ𡣡

ˡһ
ǷеĲ豭׶˿ľ


ˣԷƢ²Ҫν׷ɱʦʮɽ·

ǲӦôŸʦã
ڲҪСʦɽСס

Ÿ
ǧһֶŲ豭һ۷ζ
뿪̫ˣɽѻڵ


ʦãҾȲˣรɡ

ӦǧӵĻͷߡʱĽŲж໶죬뿪ʱĲжء

Цˡ
ǧ˵
⺢ӣǲء

ԸЩ߰Ŀ׻裬ߡ

ǧӵҪδ

ɽɸ󡣡ĮӦұǧڲƭѾãɽɸѻڵҴ

˵ʱһ䵭
ǧӸոöڲĻظһ飬˻еķ֮⡣

ǧ˵
㲻ߡ

ͷ
㻹ô



Ұ֮󣬾ڲͣдš

żƽ޻ڵҡ
;Ҽţһĳħ޵һû̸⡣

δλħæúܡ

ԶĻŹʱͷˡ

пջɽ

ŵ֮󲻾ãҹͽˣдģ
ɽδعɽɸǻǧҪ

磺

ֹգǧһֻ
ӢţЩ

磺
һĶڸЩʲô

࿴š

ֹ˷֮˵
ʦãǲҪȥ˰ɡ

񻹶ǰɸҹڷµ£е¡

˴ǰϵΡ
඼֧ٶȼ档

ȥһ˰ɡ
ֽպã˵
˳һ˾ңϡ

˵꣬ժǽϱ߷ˡ

Ȱ
㰲İɣλʦǲᶯġ

Ѳǰ硣
֮ңǾԲνġ

ൣǵĲ
뵽ǧԣܾʮֲ

ȻѾ伣

໹ǵ
һԼȳؼС



޻ɽҪ·ݵһЩǳء
ɧңûᣬֻܿ˷ۣ䭵طɡ

մ޳ʱ䭵׻ڴе;⡣

ӣһҪϳԵġҼ䭣᲻в

ˣ㲻Ҫ̫ࡣ
˵ᣬ׽Ǻ顣

ޣϸʮ꣬⳾ԵȻϵ

⻰ˣûп˵



С£絽ɽ

ɽĸۣ˶ԵûࡣƽǾнСģɻصĸߣֳ˸ӡ

ˣЩ˼翴⸱ӣΪͽ

絹ʮֿݣ
⼸չͣɣһ㰢

ȥɡ

ǣлʦ
ĸɽˡ

΢ЦſԶ

άЦԱһ㡣

һ̣һ˪Ϯԭվλõİʯ׻顣ͬʱɽõǰʯ޸

̧֣ժǽɳС

ժǻûӦ
ôʹˣ

ͷһ㼯ڽŵףڿգժǽҷϣ

ڷѩ棬һֳס˪ϵɫƮһֻӽɨ

һ
Ĳ

ӿһ󣬱ժǽ

ժ̾Ͳһ㡣

磺
ǣźʲôأ

ժ˵磬˪ƮÿͷҲϵɣ

ˣ˪ʲôɫʲôɫ˪ϵƮƮƮϵƮǾֻǳŤ衣

ժǣ

Ҫʲôɫ

ժǣɫġ

ܾС

ΪʲôУ
ժ˵
ڣ˧

˧ˣûпһʱӣ

ժǣ

Ǻժǣֿʼ
Сʦ壬һҽޣͱý޵ķʽк˰ɣ

Ҳ˽
Щҽ޶Ըˣֻܿա

صǸҽްҽޱȽ޻ܴģ

תɽ
ੲݵ˵Ż

ʱʱһ䡣

ժں۾

Ĵ
ͷĹϵصǰˣ


ͽܵ۹ⲻô

ЩʱգѾ䭽Ӵ
Ϊ⣬䭵ʺ䣬ʵ䲻磬ϴ赤ϴҲǲС

ػĽǶȺ棺
Сʦ尡ʦһĸͽܣ˵仰˵ı顣



˵
ػĸͽܣһʡĵģ



Ҿͷɽ¥

ǧڶ¥ϰˮŶһֵˮֵǳ붬ʲôʦıְ

ʦá
ͷˣæΪóλ

ǰ¡

뿪¥
ģ֣̌ʹ˸ŵĴͶ¥ľŽԽ

ǰĬš

֣һʳ۳͡

磺ǡ
Ǭ

֣ӾҪϡ

ȥӡ
һ̣ͱסϡ

磺

С󣬷ҲǼвУƭְ£㹻

̽Ƭ̹
üšɫء

ɫ˵
Сʦ壬⸱飬ҾԼʱ޶ˡ

˵
ħδħ壬ħԴԴϣʴģ߻ħǳ顣

߻ħҲԶˡ

ʵ𣿡

ܡ
˵
ȫΪħйħȻҲܽô

û޵¡

ڵͺ͸ǣü
ֻħⶫʿѳִޣ뻹Ҫصޡ

ɲС
ܾ
ҪҵҲû𡣡

û˵

˵
Сʦ壬Խˣ壬ޣôĶҾ֣Ѿܳˡ
ûΪѰԱ

ִߣӡ
ŪȴҲУҪδ


ҿԻ㡣

ֱ̯ˣ
ʦ壬ɸ֮
㻤ңҪʹٶٷꣿ




42.     轣

˽
֪˵ʲô, 

Ǹе˼½ޣҽ˫ҽޣҲСʦ塣

Щ֮ǰ
ɽɸĸ

ڸ֮λ, ҪɷڵһλҪʹɸά֮׵ĵλҪΪɸڷ, һ籩ꡣ

, Сʦ, Ѿɸˡ
̧ͷӣ, 
֮ħҲҪҵĳûΪʲôסҵһУ

ʵ
ͲҪ𣿡

Цҡҡͷ˵
ȻҪģΪҶҪ
ԣʦΪһİ취Ҫסʱ䡣



һʼҪġ
ɺֻʣȻ

ѾɽɸǸ, δСˡˣҲҪ, ҪҪĶˡ

̾һ, ȡƿҩһͱƬ, ˵ҾΪ

˵ҩ

ҩҩӰ죬ʼӯھ֮Сȡ, һˮ˳̽羭ƺɫħ¡

ħ󲿣ԽԽ࣬ϵƤֳ˺ɫ

Ѿо󴦵ľʹ̡

ԱҶƬ룬ָǣЯħĺɫѪҺڿ۳һš

һ¡
ɴƸǧӣ룬ʰ˵Ƭ͵ҩһźѪ˳ȥ

ŷһЩ

ǧһϲɴһߵ
ܾϵΪʱΪͷһܣᶯִ

ŵֻ֧˵
ӶˣҲᰡ

ңһỹֵġ
̧ͷԺ
ǵΪͲǵˣں򲻻ֻаķݡ

ǧӣ
⻰˵Ҫ㡣

ˡǧӵ

һ󣬻жް

ûͷûβһ䣺
ˡ


ǧӳĬΣʵ
Ҫʲôڵģ

ժǳߣ˵
Ҫţڵģ

ҪϺġ

ǧ˵ǾͰϺȡ
˵꣬뿪˶¥ȥȥˡ

ժǲ
Ҳ̫ƫˣ



֮ȥһ˵Ρ

ϴʱɱԭǡʱ˻أѵըˣˡ

һηش

Ҫ˵ǾͲǸηһ̳˸ָͷһ󷨣Ǽ̳ķѹס

ͦġ

ϥڼ̳ĺħ̧ͷһбܣֵطɫҲȻݡ

˵û˻ҵӡ

ר𣿡
һ֧дЦ⣬
ϸ룬һǧٳҲҪˣ˵ҪΪ轣ףٵģ𣿡

ժȰشˣ
ȥ㣡

rҲգζ
Ҳǣ״̬ɲʺ轣

ѾմȾħ

rʵħδħϮа취𣿡

ժǵѵУ

磺ժǡ

ժǸոǾ仰Ǹ˵rûа취һ㶼õrڵ

һа취ҪҪһ
rҲĻشԹԵ˵ˣ
ӣֽʽ

һ֣Ҳһ֣ȥȫΪԺҪôޣҪôʵʵˡ
ڶأһΪ൱Ǹˣȫħߡֻܽħħ

Ҳõһ֣ħħޡһħޣħħⶫҪΪ
ǰħ޵ĹӣԸѡ־һԡ

վԱߣ˵
˵ԹȵħĺôʱŴĻ
rҽȡһ

Ҫʲô

˵СүƤ

r붺һСޣ
ǲأ

γժǽ˵
ҾͰƤƤƤÿܵġ

r

r֪Ļᶯ֡
ǽƤˡ

˵˵ҪɽܾðɡǱ߷Ųܣ𣿡

Ц˵
ޱҿԽʦ֣ϱ߽ɺϻɡҺɹ֮ϵ
ǰħģ֮˶ɿĺܡ

˵⻰ֱ뿪˵Ρ

rϵЦѾʧˡ
ԭأȻ
ģʧģ˽֮⣬֮С



ޱ

Աڰ˼滮ͼֽͼֽʯ͵ͿԿʼֽǳˡ

ʱյʵļ顣

кãһ£˼ؽǷӦһۣ

Ҫȥ𣿡

ػشùϣأϾҪˣҵÿš

Щĵ
º˼㡣

Һ͸Ժʱ仹ţҪۺʱܾۣ

æ°ɣЩǶȲ뿴ǳؽõӡ



Ȱв취㸸ҲԷоȥǱߣ˵ҵҽʦõİ취

˼Ƭ̣һȥһˡ


࣡Ǳǣ

ǷĲߣ˵߶

ǡ

˹꣬Լӹ
ԼʵЩҡ



ݣǡ

һƬȽϲĵط˿ڲ࣬԰뿪

˴ɢӡ
ڱʱÿ߽ɽӱߣпܻῴһķӻԺӣǾǱ˵סլ

ڱݣǺȺ֮֮һ

иɫ

ÿ궬տʱ輯УЩɢڸ˾ͻһҪõĲƥˮȵȡ

ˣÿпʱ⽨֮صıǣͻѵõ

ֽ̻ںٹػŴ⣬ڶͷ
̧ͷôڲϵëһ

պãƼԼԶվ˸ˡ

ȷе˵Ǹ
һͷüãԳƵټüļĺɫƣ¥ĻҪȻˡ

̻˺࣬Ҳ١
ûĸܳôÿ

ͷδҺõ⣬üʹһ˿档

ϰʣ͹٣Ҫ⣿

Ϣ
̧ͷٿͰȤʳֻѪ⣬ŴɵĶ߯ˡ
񱱺˭

ϰ壺
ǲڶ

ˣһ£֪淢£ֻ޳⣬ʧأ

ϰ
Ǳ£λ˶ء

ϰĵ
ⱱݺͱһλ̫ӣࡣ

ʣ̫Ϊأ

ϰش̫ʱʧɢˣƺɸʦˣɲ𣿡

ʵʦ

ϰ壺
ʧˣʦ֪

ϰĽ͵ػɽɸʽµһˡ

ػ֣ǲϤ
˵ɽɸʽ壬Ǿ̫Ϥˡ

ʵ
ػʲôϵ

ӵͽܡ
ϰ˵ͷˣʦҲˣ˵Ѿͷˡ

ü΢üۼΣЦ⣺
ô˵̫࣬ӵͽ



޽ĵشϢɢˡ

˵ҽˣ

ħӮˣʥŮӮˣ

ǣϻȡˣҲһֵطǱߺҪ³ǳأǶһλħ𡣡

ħ˭

磬Ǹɱʮ޵ɽɸͽɸԽ󣬾ݷ꣬ٳͳħˡ

ô£ôûʲô

Ǳ߻ûųϢأ˵Щ£ȥǱߵʿء

ҽľҪˣҲ֪ʲôӡ

еĲʦҡȣһöǡ

󼪣
ħ𣬶磬Ȼһ£



ҪɽĺųѾħϢļƻҲ͸ˡ

־ʵûҪ

Ϣս޲绹ϣ޵Щܹӣսˡ

˵
ν˶֪ħ޵飬Ѿ㹻ˡ

ҹ˵ӻ

Ĳ̫Ӳ˵ȻıɴħͷˣԺҪ˺ġ

ҹЦЦʵ
һ㶯˭𣿡

ҵ붯ǡ

ƺвĳϣǻڣǴ򲻹

˵
Ҫޣұ뻯ڡ

ҹҡҡͷ˵
ӣŽҪǱǧͷ֪ˣһᰤ

Цŵ
㲻˵Ҳ˵ô֪أ

ժǵ
أҿȥ״

磺ժǣҪǸҸ״ҾͻһѽҪˣ

ժ˿в
ܻʲôбҸõĽ



ޣء

峤ϣ޾Ѷѳħ𡣶ȥ޵ѾܾûлţѾ

Źȣ
ħrħ̫ʿôͶһԪӤˣ

˵
Ѿȡ˷Σ˼Ҫһ·ﶼҪõ

ʣˣ

󱲴Ļ̫̫飬Ѿãƴת֮޷ʹˡ

ҲлǲСˣҲǸԴտյɵӣʲôȥ綷

ƴˡ
˵
лƬһõĵطȥ



ؽ

Ĵæ
ɽھ֮Ϊһء

Ҳıɫ

ûлɽɸɽ

ǶŲҹ¥ֵĴˡ
ǧҲˣüԽӴˣ˵Ŷһ¥

Ҫβͺͷһ顣
ҩζ˵ӰţįҪ

ý
ժǰ˵˵ɡ

ժǰûӦ
ȥˡ

һϡ

ٴʱ۰Ͱ͵ʵ
Сʦ壬ʲôʱŻɽɸ󰡣ôòȥţû𣿡

Ͻߡ


ѽʦִˡ

磺

˵
ѡʦֵһθ

磺

ʣ𣿡

ʦΪڴǸĺòϡ
̧ͷŷʵ
ǣСʦ壬𣿡

ʦֿǧѵһķ棬Ѫͳı

ѿǺˣ
պÿǣ塣ԪֻҪ̣һգͶɸ󡣡

磺
аɣСʦͦݵġ

϶֪£Ӧû޷ɸ󣬺޵ҧг˰ɣ

ϰ


һֳֻӴɽͷ

ץʵ
ôţٿ𣿡

룬ӹ룬ϲšԿһ֮󣬽ֽݸ硣

Ԫţ˵ʶۼˣѾڶѰ˸ؾչˡ

ֽЩˣ
һΪܱһء




43.  Ϧ   ɫʯ



һһıݲͬ, Ǹֻĵط

Ľһʳǡ
ʳǲͬڷЩǽߵĹԱزıʯǽ
ÿҹʯͻɢ΢Ĺ, ޴ĹֳһصУƯú֮

ÿԼһʱںҹ
ʳǵҲˡ

ŷۻˡ

һ, ͱ˸

ѵűסԼ, ˵
, ʣſô˿, ע󡣡

ʳĹ˲ԼͬƿĿ⡣
¶ʧõĻӼΪ׽ĳѿ˿Ҫˣϰˡ

Ҫ촭ˣ

űſ

һ·ֳλ׽ӽʱˡ

ࣺ
ٵģǼٵġ

Щ̫ϰߺ͸׽

а˰ٶꡣ

ʿ츳áΪģһˣʱӡ
ػǧӶħr, һǧˣǶʮ

ĸҲһ
վһʱ, ˸Ǹӣֻ˵һֵܡ

µȽȥɡ

ƣ̾һ, ʱ¡

Ƚ˹, Ǳͬһϣʳһ, һ̸Щӵ¡

̸̸ţ˵
ʣһ

£

ٳٲ
׹йǶ˳ȥ

ڿ˵ˡ

ĵ
Ӧ֪һʦá

˵
֪ſʦñտʦãҲ֪Ҳ֪ˡ
Ƹ񶼰㱸ˣʲôʱƸ

ࣺ

ղķ˿£Ӽۣ˵
Щʦÿ϶ϲ㡣
ģңĸΪŶһģ׷Һöء

ࣺ

Ѿ˵ʺĸˡ

ʺڽңҡһ飬չ׷ʱ¿ǸޣǸޣһʼΪҪ׷ɱ

²˺壬һ·ܣ·ʱʱͷŮ޻ڼֲи׷

ҹӱӵޣʵǲˣֻͣʣԹγ𰡣

һ־磬֮ŮӰĿʼ

ʱصڡ

ʦЩ׷ôһֻҪԸȥ׷϶û⡣
ڸӴ

ࣺ
ѧĽأĽ

ԣⲻص㡣

ʣҲ̸
˵ʦħ֮ǰħսʱմ˹ħѪħ͸塣

·¿ӣ˵
ħħ͸壬ħ⣬³ֻ߻ħˡ

ħǺýأ
޵鵤ãҽ޵ҽãΨпʿԼȴִܽ⿪ħ

ִǺ÷¡
Ϊʲôôʱִ
ΪʲôôԹأԸֻ̨

ʵ
ʣ㣬ûбķ

ѵʱˡ

˵
ͷҺú룬һؼûʲô취

ЩھΣ˵
ʣһ͸鷳£Ϊʲôƴأ

Ϊ磬Ѿͷʺܶˡ
ʿȥμȣȥޱЩѪ޽ǳأҪΪֽⷨ

¿࣬ϴŵЦ⣺
࣬ԣǺҪ˰ɣ

ԥǡ

ҪˣҲӡҪΪʲôĻ
ָָĿڣ˵
Ϊ㡣

ĿڣȻоǼЩɬ
С󶼲ϲܵ۸䡣ʱδ뵽Լһջҵˣᱻ˷ļϣ顣

˵
ңʦãҪɾʹµˡ
˼㣬ҲΪѪ˺ܶ¡

Ҳ̣һˣᣬ߻ħ



Ϧҹʱɽǿ˸СϯΪ˲ɨ£ҹ͹ǶˣǧҲŶص¥
½ȼ䭵ˣҪһμϯ

ֻи⡣

ߵ֮ˡ

ʵô

˵
ҵλռˡ

һֱλģλϣ˸

ĬƬ̣˵
ϰˡ

ɽɸĸĵλһϯλȻģػֻϲϯ

˵꣬ȴȫȻûҪŲ˼

磺
Уʦ壬ġ

ǧʱ򣬿һĻҲˡ

ԭҪλԱߣġλŸŸ磬ֻʣұߵλˡ

ǧӣ

ͷǧʦ壬㲻𣿡

ǧ˵ŲһŲʦ·С

磺ΪʲôҪȥ

ǧ治ɫǸλû¥ɡҺضһȥһøɡ

磺
ͽģ

ҹʱ˵¡

֮ǧӣƤЦⲻЦ˵
лǧ⡣

ǧƽ
¥ˣɡ

ҹЦ˷ԱߣҡҡӣϵĹ˿Ҳ

˵岻ʣڵУ͹Ӱ쵽

ҹһգ˵
ģһҩҩˣܵӰ졣

˼˵ֱˣǣ
ġ



֮ΪⳡϯλһƬң˻ҩζڴζ࣬°һ»ܺúġ

Ҷ֮

ЩɽĹǿʼ϶˲ˡ

ɫöడ
ʵǧʦ𣿡

ҹ˵
ҽСȥɽ˳ӡ

Щź

ҲǾǧӵжôá
Ϊǧ˫Ụ֣̄Ķ㡣

ҪǷԸΪϴҲú㡭ˣСʦǳգըͲˡ

ǧӿɫ˵
ͷҸ㿪˽

Ÿ

ⳡϯҲ˳Ŀʼˡ

˾ƣߵ룬
ҵôˣʦȣֳΪʦͽܣʦϤĽ̵꣬ĸмѡ꽫ϣʦµһġ

ʦʵôְ

ΪͽûãܵȥæĴҵˣҲ屧ûмѧ
ȴһֱûһֱУԼǧָ㣬֮ȥժǽ

Щ˼
䭣˸㱸ѹˡ
ͷǬЩʯҩϲʲôʲô

лʦ񰮡
䭽Ʒһԣѹĺһͷ


ֽǱƳһˡ

¾ƺ󣬲žò̫Ծ

ʦ壬Ҳʦ档ǲǸʦţ

ô찡
䭱֪롣

翴ľ̬˵
û£ԸҹѣЩˣȥɡ

䭲ʤһ¶ǣѾЩˡκԼλãŵϯɢˣҪʦȥ

ͷ˼

ȰȰǧ䭵⺢ֻЩ׾Ĳġ

ȴתͷ
ѹĹأ

˵ʵûеġ

ҹһ˵С
ǧҲػӦȷʵеġ

磺

Ϊ֤ʵʵԣǧȡһɽˮͼݸ磬˵
Ǵɽˮ뻭Уɽˮ磬úͽЩơǽָЩⴺɽˮͺˡ

ⴺɽˮļƷֶֹҪޣҪ˵ޡɽˮֻһݣм

ǧӽ磬ֻ˵ͺá

ЩҪɽˮˣ⻰ҪѪ

˻˵
ǧʦ壬ҿɲͷİ

ǧӵЩ񡣡

ָ˶һµ̣һѽ

ҹ
ǧ󷽣ֻЩСϲ̨棬ӲҪ⡣

лһӣǺɫ޵ģĽǶŻƺÿĽƬһ֪װĶΪء

򿪺ӣ
ɡԹʱԴɡӹظһǡ
˵ӦûʲôãʤϡУóӵѹˡ

л¥
Цŵ
ɲᡣ

ҹЦԱߣ
أʦģӦиʦֶѹɣ



ǧӺͳҹһһһӦһϣԭأ

ֲ֪Ҫѹ
һʼɽʱҲû뵽Լ갡

óԼǬ磬˵ҪʲôԼá

˷Ǭ˵
ҿȫҪ𣿡



һҹСϯЩҩζЩεַΧнȥˡ

絹Ǿãĵһꡣ



ϯɢ

㱧ժǣɽ洦ѰһϿ羰

ĳϦҹɽ˵ȴֿյģûʲôˡ⸱ֲֵģҲǱ⾳ˡ

һ硣

ͷǷ
Сʦ壬ʲô£

䣬һóһֻƺ˵Ϊ㱸ЩŴ׾ƣԲǿԺЩ

ʱơ
ҹϯţûܺȵһھƣЩԹ

û뵽žˡ

ʵ
˰Ŵ׾ƣ

ֻ֡

ʲôѽ
绹ǰˡ
ȻǾƣ׾ζҲ

һС֮󣬰ѷǬóˣƵǱȥ

Ҫѹˣ

Сʦ壬̸֮ʲô񣿡
˻ξƺ˵
ңһĳϦҹɽڣҩƣѾ㹻ˡ



º󣬾͵˳Ԫڡ
纰˳ҹ͵ɽȥǹһ䣬һŵƽʵ֣ٲ¸գŸơ

ҹüдЦ⣬ʵ
Ϊʲôң

ΪСʦǧʦ岻ֹҳȥɽϵ󷨸ҽ㡣
ڿص㱣

ҹ˵
ҲԴ䭳ȥԼȥ

аΪߡҴԼȥһСʦǧʦ巢֣ǻԳŴҵġ
оݵ˵
ͲһˣΪߣ˷ġǷˣֻɽһһ١

ҹΣ˵
ҾȴӦӵˡ

ɾͳҹõʱ

ЯŴӱˡ
ݺֽܶ࣬СˣװϵͲġ

ʦãҸѰһ
ʹ֮Уµһɫʯʯ;һǿٻָʹߵһʹߵ
ֻǣʱֻ֪ܹħǻὫħȫߡ

ľɫʯֻʣһ飬ֻʹһΣ޷ǰ顣

Ȼ飬ʦһԡ
ɫʯʱһ꣬Ҫܳʱ䡣ԣֱӴϾˡ

ȥ˷

΢΢ü˵
ɫʯóãǷʲô

ҡҡͷ
Ҳ֪

˵òҵ˰취ΣҪһԲС

ɷüͷȻš

˵
磬бΪɽɸ̤֮֮أ޷ͬȥ

Ӧ֪𣬴ǳ֮¡£ɱ֮󣬾ͳײټ
壬пܲĵطǱݺͱ

ӡǵλ֮УҪһˣʦӡɱѾ֤ɽɸ󸴳˼

˵
磬㲻ܶȥǧӻ߳ҹ

˷Ļ
Сʦ壬ǧʦͳ¥򲻹һrһȥҪϷǣһˣͳ군ˡ



˵дʦ֣ܲܰѾɫʯ

˵꣬ȥֽдˡ

ԭأЩãȻ

ôû뵽أ
ˣĶˣᵼ½




44.     һҪҲգ

عš

ȥ˳ҹ, ǧӺͷע⣬͵ɽˡ

ﲻԶһܵ
ҹ·ķʽ, ֻʱѾǡ

һƬ֡
ܷϷ˩, һֱ˨·һݶȥ, Ϲĺ첼
Ҽҽ, ֵϷγһŹƵ

ǣ·ϣ̧ͷƼĲ׺ǳ, һƬԻ͵ƻ

Ư
̧ͷš

޾ˣ˵ñȽϵĮʱҲü䣬ֻмǳǳЦ⡣

ߵĺ¹ʵ
ǰûмԪƽ𣿡

˵ǰʱСѾǵòǺˡ

ֻԼһЩӡ󣬷ԪںȤÿ궼Ź꣬ҲԪڣðȥ档

ҹ˻, Ͽɵ
˵ɽɸ󽲾ޣҲ޵̫˰, Ӷ޵öʶ˼ˣⷽ, δǺ¡

Լʦų壺
ɸӵһͺΪ, ҪӷίУȥģеҲ

̫, û쳾ʱ򣬷һֱȥ
һֱʮĽڣΪȡŴɸˣһ͵ġ

뿪ɸҲҪˡ
һֱæŸ£Ҫô׬ǮҪôﱸȣҪô޳ħҲûôúõȥⷲ

ͳҹڻš

ժǴӽ˳
磬ǮҪȥ档

˸ңװһӸ
ժǮ߸˵طȥˡ

翴ժǵıӰǳǳЦ
ժǺþöûˡ

ܾǰʱժÿ춼ܿġ
翪ʼ£֪УժǵⵣǣѾܾûǰһַˡ

ͳҹǰһСˡ

ŮӺͿǣ֡

ǽεŮǰҡ֣˵
ʣƣǰвµյġ

ǰһһƵ̯ӣÿ϶׺һֽд˵գһʮƣʮա
ɽд˲ͬյֽ
ϵĵǿԻġ

Ǯܲµգȫԣ˻ǮԵõƷ

аʵЩΪѵ
죬ĲãǾͱȥ˰ɣ

˵
Ҫǻ˻Сȡ

һҪ˵
ȥԿ

ҹں˺ðΡ

ӣµգҲԪƽڵɫˡҪҪȥ棿

ûôԥӦˡ
ʲô¶ҪһԵġ

ҹʮǮ
ϰ壬Ҫ¡

ϡ
ϰǮ˵
͹΢ڴ˵һ

һҪµյ֮
ϰ彫ջµģҷֽʣҪڰ̼д𰸣в໥

ҹֽʣʼա

һǣһ㣬д·С
ŶСȶñۡ


̹ȥҽ˴𰸡
ͳҹȫˡ

¥ϻۡ
ҹӲĴϻۡгЩҶѾˡ

磺
üһרҵѡ֡

ϰǮֵݹֻȸǡֻϻĻͬһ۷һƮͼһǻͼ

Щѹ
Ǹ죬ûȫ¶ԡ
ٲһΣһõȡ

ס˵
ҲҪǮ

ЦߵŮǰȵݸ˵
ҴֻΪ棬ȲȤΪѰϲˣҲ㲻

ĸ𣿶л
ȣЦÿļˡ

ʼģҲġ
лǣһˡ

ҹվߣʵ
Ӳϲȡ

ϲҸϲǵЦ
ϴǳǳЦ⣬˵
ˡ

ҹȵݸ磬˵
ҵӣӰɡ

ӡ

·ţͣлЦ˴߹һҡӣһ߸п
ð

ͳҹߵ˳־ͷ

Ů޻عһ˵
Ըʢ治ࡣ

Ƿ⻰һһϣ
㲻ҪôôҶӣʵֲ˵ģԼܺúûžС

ҹ⻰¶Цݣ˵
ӵĴԸһջʵֵġ

ҹ˵ɣȥӵԸɡ

Цˣ
Ըӵƿװ¡

ҹ˵
ǾװµԸ׬Ǯ׬øЩ

磺
ǹ֮Ǯ

ڻƽڼϹ˹䣬˻ƺߣڳˮϷӵơ



浽˼̯Ҫȥˡ

ҹصɽʱѾǺҹˡҲǶǻգʱѾܼǰˡ

籾͵͵ȥ

һأͿվҾͷһյƣվںҹš

磺

ӲͷƤǰȥ
Сʦ壬ô⣿

Ѿ˰׼

ûƽػһ䣺
˵أ

˵꣬ŵƣͷˡ

磺
СʦƢˣ


ϸһ룬޻𣬷Ҳûˡ
ʲôزİ

ͷһξá



ʹ

յ룬ȥʽǰܲܰѾɫʯȥݡ

ûôԥʹӦˣ
ԣ߱ǡɫʯһֱҲǸˣõ֮Ҳٸ鷳

Щˣ
Żסô̵ʱգҪˡ˴һߣ֪Ҫʱٻ

Ȱ
ʣÿγҲͼ¶ѡ˵ˣԺ۵ʱ仹ء

˵ЩʣʰŲʯ



ڹڣһűʴͱݸرһ߼įطɧ

ʵ
˵봦⹫ˡ

ʲô˼ǶӺã

еĹ˲˲˵
£ӵ뿪Űء

˵
ڵӣꡣ
գаȥˡ

ˣ

˵ӵ֮ǰʱЩҶСȥһ衣

ǸЩ

ǹ뿪֮

һۣһĥ
ʲôʱŰʦȢرȢˣͲôԶĵطܣȥѰʦˡ
Ҳ˵ʦæµˣ˵رҪݳפؼҵʱ͸ˡ

£ˡ
˶Ų̻ˡ
һһϣΪʱµһ

¶豭һ

ǹһ̷ţָ

¼ۡ
ŸţطԼЩԾ
ʼܿˣ

µγǹ˻ȥ

˺һһͷ

ֻӼԱǹһһ

µ
Ǻˣ

ĺܣԼߵˣû֡

£ú𣿡
ǹ¶˴ǰӲеζЦݡ

Цš

Ƥ·ڻʧ
Щʧ󣬾¶ò

һһͷ˪ѩģüĴƵӡòࡢ¼ΪƣֻҪӵ޹һЩ

⻯ɢЧ
豭ҡ£˵
һʱ䣬ӸѼҩĵرƳ

ɢܻʿ
˻ɢʿϵΪ

⻯ɢʿԣһֲھ綾Ĵڡ

ҲҺѾǸڵĴܣɢϷӲ̫ЧãֻܽĹһ֣ȫ

ǡ

²ֻа˰ꡣ
һǧǰġ

¸ûԷ⸱òǳļϵ

ܿ죬¾˶Էݣ
ǣ

ûòҪ幫

£
үүĵܵܣ幫

ʵ֪幫ϢĻʹְҵĹˣҲ»ɢҪ£

ȡһ
ǰŲ豭˵
еľɫʯأ

ԣЦŻش
幫Ѿûоɫʯˡ

ûУɲ˵ġ
߹סµͷ֮ǿ

һȣǱõµм䡣

Цŵ
ԭ

Ƿſ£˻ɢֱǿ񣬴ʱѾЩˡ

ָӡóһ󷨣ס

ٽԱ仯·ҲһʱķǿȥٲȻ£ûа

µ㡭

ҵĺֶȽһá

Է룬ţ
ĪҪ뿪ȻһˣΪжҪʦãӴϡ



յ봫ѶʱڱݺͱĽ紦

ţҪȥ

ص;ʱɫӻʹɢݺͱĸ

ȻЩ

һݵĵҩԼһͨ塣䵽˵ϣȥһֻɫش

ǡǸСǳء

յĳ
ȥúֽҪ档
ӳĴǿڱݺͱҪؽϣϲ֮ˣ׷˽Ҳ׷˳ȥ

ʵǱǱô˿ɶɢӰ

شǱرݺݵĽѲ߸ڣǼǿѲ鼴ɡ

룺
ô£
ǻὫִԭڲķǲزסˣǻֻģ

²Ծ

·ԸԺѲʱҪע⣬˵ˣҪע࣬пܻͨϢ

ࣺ
繫У˭ţ

Եʲô
Ҫ룬ǵĺڽ

ʹһǳˡ
¶йء

δ
ͼģӦָܻľɫʯ

ȻǸʰΣһԼǵΪ࣬˻ػʹ뷨
ȥݰɡ

ˣ»˵ӵڴʱΣգҪٵ»عмӣɷУԺرʣ͵»ع

ŷɽϷȥҪ߲֮ǰݵĵؽȥ

ݣҲܴڱ
ǴҶɢӵģùıȥܹһЩ

ֻҪˡ

ҲͲʵҪЮ

Ƿ򱱺ͱݷŻ
࣬㸸ɫʯҾɱ

ǲ˵ǾڱʹΧҡ
ɲ٣ȴָļƻ

һʱ̻õʹǱߡ

ǿ߽Ѳ߽ݡ
ǴùֻˣҲͻ֪ˡ

ʱֻǻΪеĲʯвԳ׷
汻׷ˣɽ»ٴ鷳

಻Ϊɫʯһ֪ܲܳɹϣô˵İΣ
Ҫ취ʯΪ룬Ϊˣȡ



ա

ȵĲͲʯĵǵȵ˽ڿݵشϢнĴš

ݽȻǿѲˣϲ֮ˡһ˸ʾ˵ݡǱŴǣҪҵĻѸٷأ˼ӣԺʣͻӻػʹ

ǰϸ˼еϢ

Ǳ߿ǳˣһͷйء
˵
ϢӦѾڷˣʦֻû֣Ҳδ뿪ͱݡ

ŸޱѸǳص飬֮֡

֮

ժǽ

Ҫʲô

ش
ȥĵ̡

ǳ֣

תͷǧӺͳҹ

㲻ȥǧ˵δָҲֻķݡ

ҹҡȣ˵
ӣ˵ʲôҶɽ뱱ݡ

˵
һᷢţĻڴܣȥǡ

ʣܼ𣿡

Ĭˡ

ǧȾܾҺͳ¥룬ҶУ޾ˡ

ʦڱչصŷ취ǿаץҲͳ׻ϣӦò⡣
һһط
rɽĵòײץסҲȥ
ѩȵ̫ˣǸʲô֪
ʣµľֻˣǲŵĻڵǲ٣Ϊǻ𣿡

ʵ
ȥһֻСʦ㣬ʦˣ˶ǣʮʮʤ𣿡

Ƕˣޣɽɸʧȥ˽еڴܣҲǵһš

ңҲɵɸǻɸȡҰѶʦǿдؼҡ
ɸˣҲԶˡ޺ܿͻΪСݺ󣬻ǿܹסҲ֪ܶá

ˣ˵
Сʦ壬ңԣҲǲǵĶҪԸ𣿡

˵統ǰƣƺ֡

˵Ҫ

ǻʳ֣ΪѰʯָǲʯӦǻʦֵϡ
ժǣ˵
취ݣѰʦ֣ǲʯˡһʱ޷ָΪϸʮʱ䡣

˵
ΣҶȥ

һ

ڶʱһ˪֮

Ѿʵ˪ǰ
ϧνҲҪס硣ֻΪףڵıݺͱǸôյĵطȥˣѻˡ

ϵıƽ

ֺŽʣץסذγժǽ

˵㲻ҵĶ֡

ȷ
̹Ȼˡ

ʵժǽûָ

һǱĺڽͺԼĲϡ

ι磡ôõģ
ڽеժѾˡ

磡
ǧӶˮ

ӣɳ嶯
ҹһȰһ米ŽǶȣ볢԰ժǽֱ߰ӴΡ

ššüٵ¶ŭʹ

˺üǿѹŭ

磬ʵ
вң

ˡ
Ŀᶨ
ֻȥ֮أΪΪһ

ͷ޷˵
ݱѣѡ
ڻЩʲôʱѡӲ֮ˣ˵ҲûʲôˣһҪҲգ




45.     һԣ

Ļ, ̬ȾȻ

û˵ʲôȴҲûս˪ſ, ǰŮ޶ţá

нһ, Ѫߡ
Ҳ뿪ɽ, ȥ˱, Ҳزˡ

ιȥѾ͡


Сʦ壬Ǹ

˵, ĿתӵأӴӷ˹ȥ



ֻһһŲƣֺ¥ԽԽԶԽԽᡣ
ֱһйΪž

һɣϵˮƮ˪۵һڵϡ
ûȥ񣬶ͷƵ컨壬֪Щʲô

ȥ޵, ǡ
ҹȣһƺ뿪

ֻʣ˷ǧӡ

ҡҡͷ, ˵
ˣ˭Ҳס

ûзӦ, ǧӼȰ
ʵҲû, ˵ĺܶԣȥӦԣΪݡһж, Դ

֪û
ǧӵĻ
ֻǲףΪʲô

ɽɸ֮䣬Űٶ꣬ӷ񣬾ʽķĥѡ
۽粻խ飬ﶼƵġ

Щ塢

ȴСĲϡ

ô໯ڴܣΪαǰģԪӤڣ
ԪӤʿô࣬ΪֵĲԵԪӤڣƫƫ磿

ĪҪţǼ⡣
ǧ˵粻кܶ£ֻҲֻ

ǧֵ
ʦֶӦøеοŶԡ

ĬΡ
һˮ䣬˪Žתߡ

ǧӵ
Ҫȥδ

ǧЩģ˳Ҫ׷磬δɽɸ


Ҹûɸˡ

ɽΪҽ硣뿪£ҲûмȥıҪˡ



磬Ȼ˵šһⶼϰߣҲô

ժһ·Ͽ޿֣ʹ磺
أ㿼ǹһжѹ𣿶Ҫˣҿô찡

磺
ôܻ

ѽԼϵʱ򣬾Ѿ׼˷ò
Сʦģв꣬ҷģû˱ô

㻹˵ġ
һ޵ķɣһ߻ش
Ҳ޵УȴõĽʯΪϣĥ𣬸ϡ


ˮĽޣĽ

ժ⻰̾ŭˣ
Ҳ˵ģ

ߺ
УУᣬᡭ

Ӧ
úúãУС
ժǴүˣɣҶҪϵˡ

ժǸˣ㻹ҳ

Ҳҡ

ժǼ
㻹ЦЦʲôЦ
ǲû˵Ļһ£
Сң𣿡


ժǵˣסڵġ

п಻
ֹô룬Ҳֻˡ

ժǣ˵ʲô

磺ûʲô



֮󣬳ҹӺ׷

ժǲԸñ˿ӣֱߺߵض˽Ȼǲ鲻ԸҲڿϱˡ

һ
¥ҵľˡ

ҹ
ʲô

ֽ
㲻ץһȥİɣ

ӷġ
ҹʧЦ˵
䲻ʲôˣҾд壬ӵ
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46.  Ϊ   û뵽ɣ幫

, ǡ

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47.     ڡ

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ץסǵĽţĬ䣬ϷѩһĹ⣡

һ˲

ء

ֻһ죡
ڲǰĽսбΪƽصıʳǣ¾޿ӣֱ͸صף

Ա
һ˿ҽҲδ£

ÿ죬ȥø죬ܿʧˡ

һжΪž

֮һֻ޳ɫķָ׿ס޿ӱԵ

ѪģĴҧгݵػͷ֮У
¡㾹ȻϧԱԪ񡭡

ϧˣôҲû
ҡҡλεվĳȥ
һı꣬һ׷ӣɱȥžۡ



²񽣣࣬ƬҲͣ򶫶ȥڽɵÿҪڿ

磡㲻ôɣ
ժǽеܲסģ

й죬ھߴĴײ֮ǰһֱδܽǹħҲߣʴ

һ߷ɣɢźɫħ
Ѫڱ֮ӿ

ʦãɣ

ܾ
ٶȱ죬ҳŲס˵

һǱش
״ûõȥ

άٶȡ
ûãɵ˺ϡ

类̺һ̣ԴЩΣŵһ򻬣˵һӽϵȥ

ʦã
һס磬ִһںһ档

ժҲ֣һקһˡ
һǱ£ڱϣˤô˺ü

ҩιһš
ˣһ̽羭֪ʱжء

ʦ֡
۾ࡣ

౻ӱʳߣûûзһ·δһԡ

æҲû⡣
ʱһŷ֣Ѿᡣ

һѾʹ


ʦ֣Բ𡣡

˱ݣҪԾɫʯƶƻȳʡƻʵʩʱΪ˶

ΨһѪס
Ǹϻûꡣ

ʱֻãԼʦֵһжˡ

ڵħʢ
ŸոŻһѪ

Сʦá
վ
㻹𣿡

ԡ
˵ͷ
ʱ򣬾Ҳ˵ڡ

֮ͽ·ˣ޿ѡ

೯Զһۡ
ܹоһɺڿǡ

ʦãǷֿӡ
ཫժǽݻУ
ˣٵûһС

á
ûгɡ

ժǲ˽߷ȥ

Ŀ뿪
óڱ²ۣŷ뿪

ӲȥϵѪᡣ
Լãƺڵȴʲô

ʦãˡ
дŲ;

һֱΪԼ䡣
ٵҪ֮ʱŷá

пɰʦãĴʦ֣вŵĶʦ֣пʦ
иĹĸ㡣
ʧɢطʱѾЩĸס

á
ᣬҲĸԸΪ֮



Ѫ򶫷׷Զ֮ϣһƬ棬˱

ڱϡ
ͷһƣƼ˳ϲĲۡ

Цˣ
ǴĴ⡣

Ҫȥ׷

ȻһһԱ
Ů޵İѱѪȾ˺£ΨģǼнյĽ

磬۷



翴űϵĲۣ˵
۷ʦ־Ҫûˡ
ѾʧȥʣʧȥΨһĻˡ

𽣣ֱָǡ

ҪƴȫΪϼ˺ۡ
ÿһˣͻѻָ˺ݷȴָԴϢʱҲԽ

űȥĺۼֿ˿ӱɹ磬ѾʲôЦ
о湻еɫҿʼϲˣСɡ

ժŭޣ˭Ҫϲ

̬̹Ȼ˵幫ϲҪסҪûһͱҧгˡ

߾𽣡
֮ڣħߣħ߻

֮ϣҹ֮У̣ܶƵ׻£ڱĺڳը޴˻

ǵɫˣ
㡭

˳˵кöҪ˷
£ɫģ
幫һͬһħ׵ζΣ




48.  δ   ɲҡ

¡¡


¡¡
һһ, ڱ֮ϣԷɽļƣը޴Ρ

˻ηӿХ
ƬλڱصĺҲƽ

ħף
ǵɫڱˡ

һɫɫɫ
Ϊ, ɫҲר֮ħ

˵ʲôħ, רħħס
ʿ, ߻ħӭĽ, ΪħסħԽħ׵ҲԽǿ

ǰһħס
ԪӤʱʮŵ׺ʮػ𣬸ûһħ, ħź󣬾ˡ

ħױѰ̫ࡣ

幫úðɣ

ٽħ׸ʢ

ժǣֱǶȥ

²任ʱǼײʱʽ̤ѩۣÿһ, ÿһ, ׵дж磡

ħױ, һͬǣ

ժ, һħףڽϣϽ⽣ӳ

һ, ɱ
ˮ࣬ˣ

ûбãǳӭ



һ˲
Ǿֵ̳㿪˽

ô᣿
ͷԼ΢΢֡

ոǽЯ׻֮˳ĵ֣ľ֮С
ʱѭľ֫ٺ֮дڶ

ħ׾ġ
ʿϣݻһʿľʿ

ôˬ𣿡
˵
⻹ֻǿθǰˣ

˵֮ŷǶߣ
ħףһܵҲ׷һ֮ͬУ

Ҫˣϸ᣿

ٴħ
ħ罭ˮӿֻһ˲䣬Ƭ

λڱĺ򣬱Ϊħ׵Ű֮أ

֣֮
ʰ㣬ҽ޷ˡ

£һִ
Ĳˣ֮ǰĿĵĶǿʼ׷беˣ

ֽʣժǣ
ͣħ׵ڽʺͽϣ

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Ҳˣħ׻ɢЩڳ׷ħ

磬ܿ㣡
ժǴ
Ǹ׷ˣ

ף˺׷ķǡ
һµƺǴֱӿ׵ģһս

翴˿׵񽣺ͽʡ

˵
Ҳˡ

˵꣬Ҳٶ
عͷֽŷǶȥ

һ漴¶˿Ц⣺
ԣ˼

ֵϣ


һ죡
ħ֮ժǣ˰ײһ

ʱ֮䡣
±ɢ˾𣬺Хȥ

ͷǵĽ³һ޿ӡ
ΪƵⱼӿĺˮδӦ˺һڻͬٲ䣬ýˮ

ٿսǶˡ

ǵһ
໥ȣ˭Ҳã

ԶǣŽֻһֱڲ˺ѣֱΪ̫ѪñѱѪ͸ٴνʪ

ټǰϮ
ûֶãٴѪ

ǼǱģЦʮֿģ
㻹̫ˣС

ǻ˵һ룬ԴһһʹۡһһѪ

紽ݼѪʵ
幫ħ׵ζô

罣ϵħ֮Ÿոյһεײȫͽ˷ǵ֮Сʱħ֮Ӧǵľ߳ײۼ

ǡ
Цһʵ
ΪӮ𣿡

˵գǱժǽײһʩƺҪһȥժǽһ롣

Ҳ˶

ŵĽʣͬһ̳

ʴ͸ǵֱֱͱţڽϵħֱ֮ӹǵ

ǣ㡭

ûأ
һ֮ͬУ

һ˲䣬Ͽգ׵ˣ

ħײٽ׷磡
ҲĿ꣡

Ϊ罫Լһ֣ǶˣΪⱱֶһ硣

ħģȻ׷
һһһҲŹ

ǲͱԼŴĽʣֱֺˡ˵Ķ𽥴γ¶һѪ

粻ᣡ
һ
кڳĽݺݵصؿڵѪ

ͬʱԼħ˶壡

ҹ֮Уƻۣ纣һ㣬šһģϺ׵һһ˷ӿۼƵУ

ʣ
Сɣڴˣ

Ϊβֹڴˣ֮㹲ֹʹԹȶ
ժǽֻѾʧȥ֪ˣֻĳִ֧Բ֣ãˣ

ʣ
ɱأ

ɱ㣬Ҳ㡣
ƽػش
裬ټף˴֮أҲûϻڴΪе

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Цŭ޺;

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ɲ
ɱض

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ǵľУԼɼһֻоβ͵Ĵβӡ

⻹һˣƺǱžʲôֵĵطʧˡ

ƽϢ֮
Ѳκ˵ټ



ŷۣ϶ȥ
ѾһˣԶܿһ⡣ڵıֻгҹһζţѾҪ뿪ﶫĺˡ

ɷǳٳû׷

һʼãû׷Ҳ

ʺôҲǸڣͷǽսûӮҲһˣûٰʮò˵֡

ҲΪ˵ٶȣ㵽׷ʱѾˣ㲻׷ˡ
дǿĻڴܣˣ̤붫ػ

߼

ԽԽòԾ

ֱڳ߾£ʱʱһ£׹⣩·ˮҲӰ죬˸ı䡣

ŷ

ǬȡһֻѪľ
ɽɸ֮ͿԻɵޣʱҲͺޣڴⷽ治á

ҲûŹߡ
ϾŴһûˣĸɽֺ⡣

ڵλã͵ɽɸȥӦûǲġ

дţҪŷľͷ
ȻоһʹţתҰһƬڣʶҲʧˡ



ɽɸɽ¥ڶ㡣

һ£ƮƮҽޣϣһ̯
Ӷİ濴

Щп
ȵ̫ˡ
ͬСӣôô

֪ʲôһһ䣺
ҶʮԪӤˣԪӤڣͬˣôôأ

ָ򣬽
ʮľţ˶һ
֪Ǻ⣿

ҡҡͷ

˵
شзչĹɺ͹켣ʮֻʮš

ʣʣµһأ𣿡

ʣµһкܶ˵
˵
ˣδԤݵı˵ǣԸ


֮ˣ޵ı׵ġһ֡

˵ˡΪˣϲǧѡȴʿߵжϣرԴ볣졣

ʮضľţʣµһǴѶ֮ʱıǵͷһ
ʦѧ򡣡

ʦһ׷ģ׼Ѱ޸ˡ

ɽɸȻѧʦһףÿʿ׵ġ
˵
״شӲ·еľ·ɷҪȥһ

ЩͿ̬ȴ档
ʦ˵ĻҶס

û

˵ס
Ҫףֻе·ϣȥС

Ҫ
ǣȴȻӦʲôվ

ߵߣͷһ㿴еӼ

ʵ
£ʲôײ˻ɽ󣿡

˵
ظһҷۣӱģ
ʦѾȥˣҸ㱨

ߡ

ڵİ˵
յĿαϵȻȥЪϢɡ

˵꣬뿪ˡ



ɽɸıߣһȽϻĵط
ҰݹľľҲ⣬еĵһãеһƬ֡ﻹиɽȡʯߺؾ

ɸûϸƬط

ǹġ

Ϊ˶ӣɸʱὫץصаַУõȥ׷׽ãɢ
ʱ޷廹ޣ޷ϰѱޣ̵߽ķĵҰӦޡ

ײϻɽķۣʱµᲱţյرƽȣûеȥ

ɽϷ¡

ǷŸ˺۵壬һͷ˪ѩѾѪȾ˷ɫһ˫ϵëҲʪһһƵġ

ࣿ


˫۽գûзӦ
Ѿˡ



ʱ౳һŷֽ

ɽɸȥһλǰģ;ͷųǿ׵磬Ǳ˷ûзҪ衣
ĵ±ȣӦĻķҲ͵͵ذѷֽıϣԡ

һ˲ˣ
˴ξ࣬Լ

޳ɣסȷܳܺ󣬽һӲľ֮С

ʦã
ྪѡ
ڴͷ亹մجһ

ʦáСʦ壿
෢֣ԼȻѾɸˡ

£

Сʦ壡
Ҳܷн񱣬̱·ĨѪӡһץסӡ
ȥߣʦÿںͷ

ץӣͷŷ۵ĴҪٻرȥ
ںܿ־壬ֹסض£һ˫Ưĺиˮƺһ̣Ҫһ𣬴ۿе

ûٷ

һϣιȥɽ£˵ǡ

ȥķ塣
Ԫ׺͸ȥˣ뿪ɽɸ󡣡
ûտס͸ιҩһֱš

֮󣬷򱱷ȥ



򱱶ȥ֮㵽ﱱ
ѰħĲ࣬ܿʲôλ÷˴ս

ǸѰһˣԱˮµ˺ףӰֻҼһɫβһɫʯͷʡ

֮⣬ûбˡ

Ʒûлɽɸ󣬶ֱȥݵɽ

ҵ𣿡

Էʣǧҡҡͷ˵
٣δпܻţ˵ĸʸ󡣡

ֽŽʣָڶڷŰɫ

֮
βݸǧӣʵ
Ƿأ

βǷǵġ
ǧ˵
ԷǵΪǲֳģҲǲ¶β͡񲻽¶βͣβͻˣǲҲҪˡ

û

ǧӴóһֻӣֽ

ʱޱĽյѶ˼ʺʺһۣ˶ˣֻˡ

⡰ȫҡҪЮΪŶûлء

ĺ
ǻȥˣҾȫ군
ȥһܻһ

ȵ
ûҪðʣ

ǧ˵
ΪʱǸô

˵ˣĻ֡ҹңʳǳ

Ҫ
ǧ˵
û뷨ȷġ
ǣ֮£ûô򵥡

֮ǰҵϺĳϽ˱ݣ˽ǻڡ
ǧӵ
Ҫȥ𣿡



ʹ۾ʵ
ôǵʲô

ʲôҪ
ǧҡҡͷ
ֳ֣ʲô

ǧӼ˵
УΪ˲ʹҡĻ̻̣ǲܴڵǷǼٰġ
ҪΨһĻӣˣĻλſܻӵлصͳеһա

üͷ

ĽҲǵǰ˵ķҪġ

ǺܺõǲϣҵԺƽļ֡

ǧģ˵
ĪҪòģľѾܲˡֱǺƽĺƽܳܳʱ䡣

ѹƷǣʱ䡣
Ҫ顣

ˡ

Ĭãʵ
ǧ˽ƣ

ǧӻشȴ

Ҫȵʱ

µĻڡ
ǧ˵սһбֱˡ

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ʣ
Ȳһأ

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һὫħrӵųȻ޷άֺƽһҪ´ңǾþһЩˡ

ֱǺ֡

ʵ
ʧȥ磬ҪΣ

һ糣
ǧ˵
統ǰأδҺͳ¥ϣûһҲܼת
а񣬾ִٰȣΪߡһ׮׮һᰴԤʵ֡

ǧ˵
гһգպÿ繲֮λ񡣡




49.  ؾ   ԸΪһΡ

ǵϺ׽ʱ

оԼˡ
ľԪ, ճ˻ҽʲôҲû¡

߻ħ
ԭ

磡硪磡
ժǽĺڶϡ

ҪӦһ䡰ˡ
ȴѾճɷɻ, һ޷˵ġ

ֻһ֡

ʶûɢ
Լħף¡¡Ľ, Ƕβ, ֵġ˿˿ƵĽ⳯

, ǰĻˡ

ȻоԼѾƵڱţһƬתѣ, ʧȥʶ



Žƺ£˵뱱ݽغ󣬱

ǶԱգ
Уҵĳϣ߰ݼʡ

ɻ
ʱʲôʱнˣ
û˵

ɲʲôöߣǰݼأǳҽأ

ǲ, ֵ
λϣݺͱڽϡ
һС, ûзĴȥʸλ⣬ɷסϼ, Ժʱһʣ

˵֮, е㵣ĵ塣

вëߣԼ, ѱȫ
Ҫĳʱһ֡ңհ̬ȡ

Ϊ˲λ˵
ǱӦˣǾɳλȥ

Ǳͷˡ
Ҳ˵ͷû˵

ô͵ˣôã࣬ΪһȺСС£



Ļĺܿ졣

ԶϲԹ֮ʳǡ

ŵͷ룺
ôʱ뾳

Ҳû취
ֻǸСС谭ʱµ뷨˵ʲôֻ

д뱱ǣЩñʹѰһͰƥ

һ׼֮
Ϻĳǰʳǵ



ʳڲǰĴսбӡ

ǻ˷޿ƽؽ˱ʯһжӣ·ʲôûзһ

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ǿŻɻĿܣ룺
ʳǵһУѾˡ

ܽͨ
£Ϻĳϵˡ

ǵд

ǡ
ܹӦ֮󣬾ȥ׼ˡ



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Լıะġ

һ˫βĺУǳЦұһ顣

˵
òѲϡ

ҡҡͷ˵
Ȳ㣬壬ǧˣάһƤࡣ

гĬš
˵ʲôһͷ

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л㲻

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Ҳǧꡣ

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״̬ƺá

һǧ꣬ϻԱԪټСɲϧħףҪͬھ
ǲŪһϵľƱ
һű㲻ˣ״̬ܺõȥ

׽ص㣬Сɣ

磬ǸԪӤڵĽޡ
ǽԪӤڡҧøأôҲû뵽ԼЩһԪӤС

ʵ
ôʶ𣿡

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˵λ£ʧࡣ

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üʵ
û𣿡

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һһ
ɽɸ󡢹Сϻɡ޾ҡһ硣
Ȳ˵˵ɽɸûɽɸΪУϾµһʦɻûأ

ü֮Ц

ǿˡ
Կŵ˵
Ѳϵ

⻰۾ƵĴ

˵
Ҳûʲôұ繲Уһһʣûʲô𡣡

ŷӦʵ
ˣ

ˡ
ȷ
ۿħﻯ˻ҡ

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ǳ֣˵
ҼǵЩҽһɣ˵׺ʱָܻ



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ԪѰշ˵ҩ
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Ԫҡҡͷ˵
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˵ͷ
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Ԫף
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Сʦһֱ˳죬żҲоգһҲˡ

ҡҡͷ˵
ʦ֣˵Ϊûǡ㲻֪жǿֲʦøͲĶ֡

ԪҲ֪μȰˡ
Ԫֻ޵Ĵϣ۾һȡ



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Լǰǧӵ̸һһ˵ˡ

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֮£ҹػʱȥǣݡޡݡ޶ᱻǣȥһĴҡ

Ǳݺͱ
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ڴʱλ»಻ðñݺͱݽȨĻȥ

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ѵһЩ˵
Ϊ粻Ҫⲻʱ˵ʱңֻѡάֽ֣ȴʱ

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ΪΨһĻӣҪúòط٣չ
˵
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˵
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·ϣʿţͲԼˡΡʹ˵ļк־Щ᲻ϵؼϡ

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βҲɣȥҲɣĶУԶ޾йǣҲִ

ʿɵɢ֮⣬мңأ



ݣɽ

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д棬ֻҪҹѹг׷ûѰ

ҹȴ

ɹҲ־׬·Ҹһľ󡣡

ҹǧӣ˵
һǧ顪ҪЩʲô飬Ҫηչһ׻ˮ

ҹǡҧĸء
֮䲻ǡҹС󡱣ǡ󡱡

ǧǳЦһ

һ̯˵
ǰҪ飬ɽɸ޺ϻɽˡ

ҹҡҡͷͬ
ԼһȻȻ󲨡

ǧ˵
һԼǶǺõıдԼڣŻ᲻Ҷ޺󡣡

ҹԵͷ
Ҳ

ǧ÷ͬԼҲı¡

ǧӼ
֮άֻ⣬κ״̬ʹ𽥷

һǵȴͷɢ

Ҫ󲿷˵Ľģʱ๻ˡ
ǧ˵
֮ɽɸͷ󡢺ϻɺȣҪʱʿԴȿʼʱ䶨󡣡

һδȻģʱ䣬
һ֮ǰĴֻͬΪڼµʿμӣƷϴ赤
ڶǽʿƷҪģʽҲҪḻЩʱپ尲š

֮Ҫηչǲϸһ¡
ǧ̯ϣǰѾϸع滮ˣʣµݣһƬհס



Ҳ֪Լʶ˶á

ٶʱԼѲܲ׵罻ӵıˡ

һ᷿
ͷǵɫᣣǰŵ磬ѩ׵̺
һжжϳӵӦǸ


֪ǲǴоԼϣԼԼһɫ΢⡣

绹ûѳףؿһź֪ʲô

绽
ժǣ

ûлӦ

֣
ڲԶǽϵĺڽɶһ˲䣬ǺڳĽ˹⣬ǧǳʼ֡

꽣һӾͷ˳

ˣ
ժǻ˻Դ

һͷ磬ֱӾ
ħͬᣬ㶼óǲҪ
ԣѾˡ

磺
ģظ
˵Ϊʲôܼժǰ

ժҡҡԴ˵
Ȼֻˡ

磺

޿̣˵
ժǣ˵Ҫ˵

ժһ˼˵
ħʱҿ滯ɻʧˡʱһЩɫĹɹˣֳˡ

ʣ
ǽʲô

֪Ҳǵһμ
ժҡͷּ˵
Ȼ󱱺ϿռŤһؾڣ˽ȥ

ԼŽ׷㣬һˡ
ժǸؿڣ˵
ˣһΪҪıء

磺
ĽһѶµĽҹǿ

ʣ
˵ؾʲôؾ

Ҳ֪
ժҡҡͷ˵
Ҹ֮ʧȥʶֱողű㻽ѡ

Ҫ̽һ̽
ɵؾŽˡ

磺ף

ڱʱشڵϦӦȱ첲ȶòŶԵġ
ȴܹһ˿ʹоƺҪӯࡣ

ԪӤڣÿÿʱһֱоһƬë
оԼëˡ
һƬѩһ磬ëӯ

ô£

ժǽߡ
һڳߣһʵ
ժǣûоطرŨɽؾҪء

ժδüش

ǵȻġ
شģһŮ

תͷȥ

һʮŮ˫ǣһ˫۾Բִβ΢΢ţ۴ҧССļ
Ưķɫɴȹ˫֣ͷ磬ģɰˣһ鶯̬

ˡ

Ҳ
ûио

ãȻؿ

ؾ
ŮЦü䣬˵
һǧǰ;ٶ⿪ˡһǼ㱱һսУԸΪһΡ




50.  Ԫӱ   Ҳ磡

ؾ
ѭ, 

Ǵ֮λڱһƬؾΪޡ, ĵ֮أؾ

ؾҲʿĻԵ

ڣĿ߲, ɽɸĿ, ʦӡ
⼸λպǰ, ǰؾ˶˻ڡ

ػͳҹؾ

ǰͼٽѰ˵, ȴϢû뵽һս֮Ȼؾ˽

ҽԪӱ
ͷ˫ǵԲŮ·ժ룬˵
ҲˣҲŶ

ժǵɴ۾
ʲô

ԪӱƮƮתһȦɫȹɴ΢΢𣬴ʮŮС
˵˵𣿡

Ȼġ

ԭ, ĹĹ¡磬йĴ˵͸ˡ

, ΪϹ, Ϊɻˡޡǧ̬, ˮƻƷ


ժ
ļٵģ

Ȼˡ
ԪӱŲͤ, һߣһ˵
ҲѹǻеȣǼټǷڶɡ

糣
ǵ̬ҲǰУķ仯ġᣬǰ߰ģ硣

ҲֻЩ
û˵֡

Ԫӱǣ˵粻Ҳ֮ԡ

ժһͷˮʵ
ʲô˼

ԪӱͷЦһ£û˵ΪǴ·

ҡ
ժǲ
صġ

ԪӱҲû˾װû

ýժǵԴ˵
̫ʧˣժǡ

ϣժǾʹ˱졣
ȻǴժ顣

ң㾹ȻΪһŮ˴ң
ժֲʵ
Һã㹴ģŵһμ棬ѾԼĽˣ

磺
￴Թ籾
ɽɸ᣿ɸǻҹĿĻӣ

ĽҲȷʵԹ˵ģ
һ㣬Ҷٴˣأ磬Ǹûĵˣ

ʵ
ժǣ֪󲻾ǰһа𣿡

ժҡҡͷ
ôŵģ

ĵģֱ̫ڵӣϻɵӣɽɸִ塢塢޷塢󷨷塢ķ塢ӣҩȵӡ

˵˺ܶࡣ

񺭸ȫǧӺͳҹûбŹ
ǣǧӾȻȳҹģԼΪǰʱΪԤδʱշ̫ˣǸĲʦ

ôûʽ壿
ժǷ˻㡣

ɽɸ߷ڰϣΨʽ塣

籧ŽЦ
ΪʽĽûģȻҲûĺͺġ

ժǣ

ǰԪӱعͷ˵
ȤӰ

Цŵ
ǺȤ

Ԫӱʣʲô𣿡
ԪӱûŵСһк桢Ȥ鶼˺ġ

ǻ˺ܶİ񵥣еĺеĺ档
˵
ԺлᵽݵĻԵɽ

ԪӱƺЩʧ䡣Ҳֻһ˲ѣܿԼ

Сֹţ
ݰҿǴԵǰˡ

ûժǷӦ

ԪӱѾߵһȴǰ

ǰ˵
ǴӱλͣոѹҴֳ

ͷ˵
£ǰոճţҪղܻ

Ԫӱôֳȥˣ

ش˵ɽһݣȥժˡ

Ԫӱͷֻʱ
ǵȹֳˣٴɡ

Ԫӱͷժǣ
⼸ҴǹһؾΣ

Ӧɹžǡ



ؾʮֹ

˵ɽҰ֣нӺҲɳȻɽ
гǳؾɢӶ

طڱòؾؾΪһСʡ

ңҲȷʵźܴĲͬ㡣

ʱո봺컹δůڼǴڶëѩ׷ɡڵʱ

ؾ֮Уһ顣ͬʱڵĻݲݺƻʱ䣬Ȼʢһ
Ϊؾ֮еһУʼάõģ

ϳǽ
Ԫӱ˵
ܿǡ

λؾġ
ԪӱֳԪɣҲؾˣַѡ

ϳǽϱʱܿĹһƬֺ׳֮

ͷŴӳˡ

Щ˷βһеĴϸ΢Ĳ˿еĴ˲Ĵֲ·ƶһ֮ǰǳһ

ǡ

һüë˵
ҸоЩ˵Ϣ

ŲԶк͵ĵСǳŵĸ֪һǣʯ󺣣޻

ʵо˵ǡɲ⡱ҪΪǡЩ

ԪӱڳǽϣŽš
ġ

֣Ҳ
Ԫӱʮֵ죬źʶûʱѾչԷһǽͷνŵĳ̶ˡ

ãǲ𾴡
˼Ҷôˣʲôýأ

ԥקԪӱ֣˳ǽԪӱ¡

ûƬ̣ժҲӽܳԱߡ

ղŵĻ⣺
ôˣ

Ԫӱ˵磬ڴܲ¶ϢĻԪӤԪӤµʿǸоǵİɣ

˼Ƭ̣ͷ
ʵԣ˼ǡ

Щˣȫǻڡ

磺
ժǣ

ժǲӳǽˤȥ

һ𾪵ؿˣ˵
⵽ǻڰͭһõĴײ˰

Ԫӱײˡ˵Цˣ
ؾǳڻǸ̥ǵĵʱ֮δҲûںϵʱ򣬾һֱܵ
ǵġ꣬ġԣһѾڻˡ

ԪӱЦ˵
ɲҪС˰ײˣؾײҲܳɾġ

ժǣ
ժǵһʱ֮һȺײ˳첲ȣԼԼܵĻ档

ժǣ
ǻûۿ

ժʵ
ǰײ˾ᱻĳŲ˵׷ɱ𣿻ᷴɱ𣿡

磺
ʲô񾭲⣿

̾һʵ
Ԫӱʿؾҵʦҵһѣ˵ؾҽԵڡ

ԪӱЦŴ
԰
ؾӵһݾʿٽ

ԪӱָԶ
ӣ㽫˫ۣȥǱߡ

Ļˡ

ڼԶλãƱ֮䣬Լܿһӡ֧֮䣬Ϊ¡
ͬʱһıƽɽҰΧӶϣ翴

ͨ쾳Ԫӱ˵·ǽͨ쾶·ľҾ̫ͨˣ͸ĳ˾ľ

ʿԪӤ֮޷ٽΪȱĻԵͨ쾳迼飬ʿ

ժʵ
ͨǻ𣿡

Ԫӱҡҡͷ
ͨ󣬲ǽĿʼܲܵ뻯ڣҪʿĲܡ

ժؿڵ
ˣһΪʲôѹأ

Ҫ֪ʲôȱǲȱܡ
ʮʮ𵤣ʮԪӤʮ꣬ѾԪӤڣӭڵĻԵˡ

磬ǿǰǰûйԺҲС

ʵ
Ҫεͨ쾳

Ҫ΢һȣֳ
ԪӱЦ˵
ֳؾҲΨһܹͨ쾳ˡ



ǰϢĺ
ɽɸħڽΪ˺á

綼ը˹

ɸħ˺ã

ݵһ

Ȼûĵ˭֪ڵħ磬ɽɸͽɸôӦˣ̫ˣ

Ҳʼվûأ˵ɸһϷѳɸǰħˡ

Ҳɸûģ磬ȴжԲѳȥɸıȡ硣

ܣɸһ򶼺ɣͲˡ

˵ף󵽵ʲôôŸħˣǲǱģ

ҵĽħλкϻ˵ϻǰħrݣǱİɣ

ٰʱϻɵӻΪٷæء



ۡı۲һʱ֮䣬һƬҡ

ЩǧӵԤ֮С

ڸ۷һ֮
ų˻Ӧ
ʲôħˡ

ֻ⣬ħںɽɸˣΪ˰øø󡣡

ϻɵֻɺϣ˼ӵɽſֲʲôܼܲȰɣ
ϻɵˣ뿪ȥˡҲǣ˼Լľ治á

ħںɽɸΪʲôӦˣҲǾֻˣɾͺãġҲܲЩô롣

ǲֱȥ£
ħںɸ˶ǴˣǻӦˣ϶ԼĿǵġ

ܵ˵ӪˡֻģЩ֮˵޹أҪΪǡ޹

֮ɽɸħڣҲ˻Ӧ

޻ˣˡ
ħڵһԱϻ˵
ѾãҺòƽϢ޵ֻúùӣƽ͵ӡ

ɽɸ˵
ħսʱڣħ֮࣬ûΪķ࣬һƬҵѪƯơ
Ҳټ˾󣬼ȻħԸúദ˺úƽ֮Լɸ᲻Ӧ

ֲһ䣺
ڴ֮һ磬֮

ƺΪֻ֤Ҫƽʵԡ

ħ뱱ݼˡ
ɽɸǶݡ޸ɷ˽룬û˸Ҳһ뺯

ǣ
ң
ģ

һºȺܾ롣



ؾ

ڵա
ڵʱԪӱȹ١

Ԫӱ˺ױ
ͭһʩͭӳ

˵㿴Ư

翴žˣĬƬ̣˵
оԼˡ

Ԫӱʵû𣿡

Цҡҡͷ˵
ҺҲ費ױݡ

ϴؾҲǺһ
Ԫӱһ߸ͷһ˵
㲻ǽޣֻ罣Լ

ժ⻰ŭ
Ҳ磡

֮ǰҪƮ綼ԸϵûʲôװƷڱһսֶʧ˽ʣνǲвңѩ˪

һŮ˽
ˣ

Ԫӱæͷãӣ

磺
ǣȵȣҰ·ȥ



Ԫӱ磬һ·Сܣһ˼ǰȴǰ

ųڲ೨ţվ࣬ѾڵȺˣ
ӡ

Ԫӱͷֱܽ˹

ƺ̺ľͷվһһ£ں°ɫƵꡣһͷڷ𣬶ͷֻɫĽǣԪӱ߷ơ

Ԫӱֳ

Сӱ
곯Ԫӱͷ㿴磬
ӣԪɣؾ֮ǰҽӱؾӦѾǲˡ


ʱѻԣʡ£Ҫл

˻д
Ԫ˵
ĲңԼ

Ԫɼ
ڱϧħף˴ǡ˾Ϊȡʱ䣬˵˶ȣǴ󹦵¡
δ꣬˾ָжϲԣԲ

ؾҲ˳Ӧ⣬һԵˡϣˣǰ·ߵø˳һЩ

磺
ɻң

ҡҡͷԴ˲ÿɷ
νӦΪ̤ʯѾн죿

˵֮½пܣΨš

ֱ⣺
һ󡣡
Ϊҿͨ쾳ڣع硣

ӲؿΪҲһ󡣡
Ԫһһ䣬ׯص
ԪӱأֻɻԹҩģЧáӾ

翴Ԫӱ
Ԫӱ⼸մױ磬֣ÿʣȫǲ˵ģ

ȹŮҲһû˵ӡ

ЦŶԪɵ
磬ͱˣ緲˵һӶء
ҩҵΪһӣ㲻ǰȵءúõؽʣµİ겻𣿡




51.     С

ꡭ
緲˵١
ɶ, ֻ˵ز

ϻһǧٶˡ
Ԫӱ˵
Ѿ֪ˣ硣

Ԫɲ, 
ֻʣӱһˣԸ١

翴һԪɡ
ٿһǻ鶯, Ц, ƺʲôһµԪӱ

һ, Ҳϣ١
Цһ£Ԫɵ
˵, þβΰã

Ԫ˵
ؾ֮УΪ񡣿Ʒ涼磬ռô
ʵϣҲŷǳԵ㡣

Ϊڴ޷ħЩһ壬Ǿͻ

⻰ɫһ¡
Ͽħ, һǹħħȾԼǿ

翪ڵҡ

δ˵, ȻԼڵħ, ֻʣǸֲĵħˡ

ʲô
ĸӸ

Ԫɼ˵
һؾ, ΪӭӡʱǴڲԶ˰ӱһԴ, ѳӱ㲡ˡ
ԣؾ֮ѡ˷գҲκʿֱΪ

磺
ǣô㣿

Ԫҡҡͷ˵
һǧұѰؾɽӣѰ滨ҩȴҲܽӱϵȥ

Ȼ˷
СʦΪ˳ħҲ뾡취Ȼȴֻѹⷨ

ʵ
ո˵ҪҰ㣬а취ˣ

Ԫɵ˵ͷ˵
ؾһΪӱһԪ

Ԫӱɴ۾
磡

Ԫɼ˵
ѽĵرռĲֻ࣬ȱһɹǡ
õɹǺһΪӱ壬ֻʹѰ𡣡

ʣҪ

Ҫ׵ػ𡣡
Ԫɴ
֮Υ棬ؽ׵ػΪ뽫¯ڵػƻԡ

˼һ˵
Ҳ֤ܳɹԸһԡ

ԪЦţһͷ˵
Ѿ㹻лӡ

ҪˣȴȻʲô
ˣм¡

Ԫɵ̬ʮֿ
ӿֱԡ

Ǭóһửڰգ⿪ۣһɽˮͼͳԪɵС

ͼɽˮƮһֻۣɽ£ǲԴľұʤ㡣
ͼ֮ˣԻޣһɽˮ

ֻǴʱɽˮͼһܱʡǹһɫĵ
ⲻӦ֮ĳ⣬ʵֵĥ

ʹ
Ƭ֮ǿɫĵɽˮͼУĻ

һޣᡣǰؾ뿪붫ңɽɸ󿪸ʦѹ֮£ǩΪҵޡ

ⶫ
罫еĵݸԪɣ˵
ڱˣǣҹΪҺֻˣͱ⸱ģ

˵
ûʲôչ˵ľ顣

Ǳ˼ǣ
Ƕ취¡

Ԫɲ
һὫȪ֮У֮أӦû·



ʱԪӱһͬ뿪ˡ

ڻԪӱ·ϡ

ԪӱĽŲѾǰ죬ֻƣء

Ҳûгȥʡ
ժǽԪӱһԺһЩλøһԶҲ粽롣

ӡ
ԪӱȻͣ˽Ų

˵

Ԫӱͷʵ
ܲܲҪҸ磿

Ϊʲô
ʵ
㲻ʴǲʹþõػȥ𣿡

밡
Ԫӱһת
ҪһȥǸҾͲˡ

Ԫӱѻ˵ꡣ

ƻֻò˻壬β١
Ԫӱ˵
ֻҪһ壬Ԫװȥ֮˱ܻ

Ԫӱܽ
ˣ϶ΥĽʩ֮˻⵽ͷ𡣡

Ԫӱҡҡͷ˵
ӣǧܴӦ

ͷ˼Ƭ̣˵
Һúһ롣



ɹѰԪɳٳ޷ҵ

ּŽ
Ԫֻͨ쾳

ͨ쾳;УԪ署ؾͨ쾳

ż֮мأΪ½磬ΪϽ硣
Ԫ˵
ϹʱڣΪܹ̻Ͻ½֮һͨһͨԶǸҲͨ

ǿҲߵʳ֮·ˡǱ㽫ͨȥһأȥ½ϵ
ͨĶҲϽ磬һϽӽ֮أǳΪ̨ͨ

ؾͨ½磬ҲϽ磬֮䡣ȻȲϽ磬½ȽϣҪŨö࣬ʮʺ

Ȼ˵
ֲԪӱ˵ûأԭؾ簡

ԪЦЦ˵
ͨѲͨϽ磬һЩáǫ̃ͨ߸ӽϽ硣
Ҳ˵ʿΪӵؽӽɵľ硣



ʱ۱㵽ͨ¡
ʯݻͨͨߴ̧ͷʱƲ㣬Ҳ·ͷ

ժʵ
϶갡

Ԫɴﵽ̨ͨҪꡣ

磺

ժǣ
ֻǸ̾һ·ܳѣ
û뵽ҪϺü갡

Ԫɽ͵
֮䣬һֱ¥ݣҪͨأľˣнڵĿԡ

ժʵ
ûأ

Ԫɻش
Ǿͻһֱ֮УҲ޷ûʲô𡣡

ժЩԥ˵
磬ǻɣĸǲܣʲô˻ڣҪͨ쾳

ԪûժǵԴǡ
м˵ֻǿ磬ڵȵһϡ

ʵ
ͨ쾳죬𣿡

Ԫɵ˵ͷ
ûʿֱӶΪ֮⣬бͨͨ쾳ķˡ

ϵ
Ǿͨ쾳

ժǣ
˾Ǹӡ

Ԫ˵
ҴӴ˵ص̨ͨҪ̨꣬ͨ󣬽ȶΪ֪Ҫꡣ
ɷдϵһ棿ǴʱһΪˣ˵Ѿλˡ

һλ
ԺȥˣҾͲẰӻˣ̫ˡǡܰʬˡһֲ¡

Ԫɾܾ
Ǹؾйأ磬ɶ͸¶κϢ

Ϊֻؾ֣ȴӲصԭ

Ԫ˵
棬Щ񣬻ع硣

ҲֻܴӦ
ðɣ㰴ؾĹ

ϣǧʦûǧҪ˸λ¹ڣ

粻Ըٵʱ䣬תͷȥһһ˰ʯס



һСؾ

ڷµ佣ϥڶʯ̨ϣĿ붨壬ѭǰһɫЭ֮С

ʶۣػĴͽܣɽɸʽһηǰǽΪ䣬ǱҪ֮

ʶԪӤڣǰ򣬱ؾչأʼھ硣
ֻǻ񾳽룬츳Եȱһɣһ뱸ҲҪϽʱ䡣

ʶۺȻ۾ڡ

һµĵӲˮ˽
ʶϵ£ɽɸӷǰϺС˻

µŸӡ

ʶ۵Сʦģ

ɽɸϰߵġ
ԼҵĵӽչʱܳĻᶨȥ̽һЩҩ֮ĸ֮

µӴ
ǣҸʦЩ

ʶ˵
ɡ

µӳ߽ЩԽӷ¡һץסϸŵĲ

ʶƼµӵ֡
޳ָϣŵɫġ

ʶ۱ϳˣ
壿

ʶγ˲ʯ̨ϵı佣ָµӡ


ʲô

ʶһ󽣣ٹ֮¡
ⲻǸӣû֮ʲôìܡ

µӱҲʶ¶һЦݣ
ǳ֮Ϊɳһ



ؾ㡣

ͨ쾳ϣһյʱ䣬Ѿ֮Сǰ·ǰɵһƬ·Ҳټ

ժǷɵ˸ߴֻصߣ˵
ôȥϾܵˡ

ʲô˵ôûأ
ժɻ
᲻᲻ˣ

ƮǰţԺһ̬

ƮƮţ;ðЩˣ
磬ô˵ˣ

عͷȥվһʯϣͷŽ¡

ôͣˣʲô𣿡
ժʵ
磿磿

ժ˵أС°ʯݣǰŷ֣粻ڿ£Ǳ۾Դȥˡ



ʲô˵ôûأ᲻᲻ˣ

ҪشժǵĻ

ûüڣһ̤ա
ǰ羰˲䣬ؾϷ翵ƺһʯͷҡ

ϷȥҶ˴һ˱ȱڣߴ©·һ״Źֵʯ

ʯͷĲʺ졣
ͨڣ͸žӨ͸У̴أĵطƺźӡ

翴˰Σ
ժǺ񡣡

ͬһֲʣ

ʯͷ

Ȼ䣬ɢŽɫâĴӵһһϸϸ֯ӣʯͷС

ֹΣķĳֳһһͨԲڡϣĽ֡

ʯ

Ӧþǿʯͷˡ

Χȷûб·߽֮Բ֮С

ǰ羰ֱ䡣

ƺǽʯͷڲ
Ľ¡ͷһƬ

ǰӡ

дֱ֣ǡ
գգա

ֹν𣿡

̧֣мģдšաľơ

һ˲ľƴŹâС



һǰâȴ˻档

βʯңҲǺӡ
һڼ֮УȴѾܾûȥĵط

ɽɸ

ػڣлŶҵ࣬£Լһͷ˵Ľ

ˡ
˵
ԭҶʧɢ֮󣬾Ǳʦ£ɸ

µ
ǰˣʦ

¹ֲʡ
ػüĿżЦ⣬ɪһߵĽ

ػĿⲢ£ԳƵ͡

񣬾ͳһ⡣

ػЦС

˵
һȥúýѵ

¡
ػ࣬
࣬㸸뿪رȥɡ

Ŷң̬ȴЩʦҡ

壬֮ʺ㣬æԼ£ҲǸְʦ
ػ˵
صȥԺ·ߵóԶң㣬ΪʦҲڿԷˡ

Ĭ˰Σ˵
ǣʦ

ϥһ䣬ժ¶ҷһԣػͷ´ãһͷºͽ뿪

ػĿ˵ıӰʧҰ

ֻʣػͷ

˪
ʣһ˲֮䣬硣

ָػĺϡ

ͽܵˣ̸һ̸⼸ͽܰɣСǸ

ػ˪Ľ棬治ɫ
Ҳ֪аշһǶԼʵģΪһ̲ķ

ô̸
ػʵ
̸ɽؾ֮գҳ汣̸֪һȴӦʣȥ׷

ɫ΢䡣

һ¶˵һ֪йȴʡ
ػָⲦ˪Ľ棬
ʲôƢ




52.  Խ   Сʦ壬ңҽˡ

ʲôƢ
ػָĽ, ˵
ҪýָˣҲһ, ʦܡ

ȫ綼ηĽΨػ, ΪĽȷ졣

ػһģ, 
Ҫȥչ, ţ߻ħġ


Сͽܻ߻ħ·Ͽ񱼲ֹ㻹չأ

ػ, Ž뿪ˡ


òײѹסŭ

ӣ
ִ֣ȫݡ
⣬ɸеĵ½䣬ܴ֮֡



þת

֮УֻǵķЩӦʱӦñһθ

ȥĴ䡣
˵
Ǵеȷһε˼, иŮǰ뿪, ȥˡ

ִӦð

ӵĻδ˵꣺
Ǳóǻ˼ҿ˵еŮ

Ҳ֤, Ǽ١

, ҵ֮

ӵͷһֻḷ̌һɫë

ë޳, ϿŲ̫۵ġ

ëʹ
ӯ֮ϵ

ʱеһӥ

һֻӥǿ׳չش͸ɽɸĻɽ󷨣У˷ֱϡ

ִ˳
ǡħڵĴ񣿡

ػͷҪҲħսʶòǶ١

ħڵĴܴǵĻɽ󷨣
ɫ࣬
ζţɸɽ󷨣ħ˵ͬ

ʹ

һ𣬱ܹ֤ǸħԵסܽɽɸĻɽζԵ׺ܲ򵥣ҲҪԪӤڡ

ķ˵
ǰѽʬֻǱʿһɺħӦѾԪӤˡ

˵
ʦʱڡνħڲأڻҲصõˮ©

󷨷˼Ƭ̣ʵ
˵޵Ĺħ壿죬а취ڲΪ˭Ҳ

άһ
ɢȥˣеȥеǻԼȥæˡ

ӸҡҡλεûͷȳһѪ





Сʦ壡

Ҫȥȴǻþִӷϴ˹ȥ˸ա

պͷֻþһα仯ˡ



γֵģˡ
Ǵ֮ϵĵ߲㣬ﱻ޳˵ǰżΪҽԼ漸¡

¯˪𣬴˻ˮԣѰ״ҩо

þֵƬ̺

¯ֹͣתҲѾϨˡ
ŵҩѾˡ

ָ¯еҩȡ
ⵤҩɫ󼫼ѣƯûаסףҩ֮أ֮˵Ĺжʵ

ȡҩǰ˿ȥ

ϥ

һڣײ

һ˿Ѫ
۾סԼϸҪѨǿƽϢҩԡ

ʣ̿дƯСһٶʮߴʧܣҩ̫ңԪӤܹܡ



룺
һڣڸĸԪӤҩأϧҩ㱻˼ҹԻˣ

ڻþƣһߣڿҷ֡ħ֮

磺
˾Լ

ߵ£ȥþ֮ӳ֡

þЩ
ҩһٶʮߴΣԵ˶ٴΡÿһζʧܣҪô˾Ҫôûá

ڶٴʱֱѪʣ״Ѳȥ

簲ϣŵµķ

һڶϣ
㲻𣿡

ش
ǻþҲ

̧ͷ

һ۵վԱߣժһģһݺΡ
˫۾ȴܿն

ժǺܻģˡ졢աŭġ۾ǳŷḻˡ

翴һ۾֪Լ겻ժǣǿժһʯ

ΪҩЩ¡
ʯʵ
Ϊλ侲

ش
Ϊ֪ûг¡

ǰʱʱý׷ᣬģĺܡ

ʯ𣿡

ûΣ
Цһ£˵
ɱͽܣνԣΪӶԸħвԲ˱

ʯʵ
Ϊβҡ

վش
ΪҺһҡΣҲû۵Ļᡣ

ʯٳû˵


͵Ϊֹ𣿡

Ƶ˵
һؿģдڵźǸΰɣҵСʦ壬ʦʦ֡ʡҵźأ𣿡

ʯʵ
ζڵѡ𣿡

ش
Բᡣ

ʯɻ
ΪΣΪߵ·ܶ𣿡

Ϊá
˵
ڶԻ򲻶ԡҴδҵоֹȷġϾ֪ʲôˣҲûһġ
Ի򲻶ԣҶѾˣͽɺȥɡ

ʯ˵
Ҹʯͷ

Ц
ңڿң

ʯδ

ǰĻþɢ
һλصǳ֮Ư

ǰľơ

мһ飬ϷдŵġաѾʧȥɫӦôѾͨһص



Сؾ

ʶű佣ָðӵ塣

ֽ̬⣬ʵ޿϶
ؾ֮ѾĽ⣬ֻҪһͻᱻԴ

ηؿ
ƯĽɱʵڿϧ

ʶ
ɱˣкβ𣿡

ԣʶѾһӳ

ʶǸ׼Ľޣܿ飬;ԲᶯƤӡ

ֱӶֻʲô鷳

ŲЩء
飬ϵĽҲű۵ġ

ѳ

Ǵӷûеӣǳʶۣ¶һЦ
ҿϵĲһƲлʳ

˫ֽӡ

佣ĽѾһۣ

ľѪ
ĲŽ۶ϵͷ­ڵϣع˼Ȧ
ͷ­ͣʱ泯ʶ۵ġЦڣʱԵùֲֿ

˿˿ƵĺɫѪĻǣҲ֮뿪

ѪǲǰӡӡǱʻӣγɹѪӡ
漴ѪӡЯһ˿ʳĲлʶۣ

ʶѸٺܣ
мһ˿Ϊֽŵķ䣬ӳȼգֽ绤

ʶ۵⣬ѪӡͲл꣡

һ˲ѪӡȻɢһϸѪʶ۰У

ʶϽ̣ȴҲ໻ɵ

紥Ѫ֮ʱ߽⣬֮ѪһƲлֱ꣬ʶţ

һʶ۶
úÿɣӦеǰ·


ʶǰ龰



һµħrħ幥ɽɸ󣬽ɸɽ󷨡ӣ˾֮Уʶ۵
ܹƳɽɸҪлɳæС

ħƴɸͣѵԽ˵ĸڣҲʱ
ʦֶɸЩӣƼԭæЩ£



СؾС
ʶһսһַŶͷ

Щʲô

⻹û꣬µĳ֡



ʶۿԼ

һ£ֱ佣ħɱ
ɸҲħ޵Ķս֮У˲ء

Խ˵ڳֽϣȴǰɸ󣬶ǳʶ۴
ʦֶǣޣΪҪƫ
ʦʦ壬֪ожôʧ
Խˣվɽɸͽ

ǰħrԽˡ

ʶΪǰߣ鲻Ӧߡ
ħѪսԽ˱ͱһսѪ£֤ɽɸ
٣γϣ

令ΪħһΪء

֮ʱ


ʶֵۣϽȥ𣿡

ԹǱѪ֮

ֵ
ֵã

ʶڱ֮ʣ֮УħɣɱΪ

ֱУɱħrԽˣħ

һʱ֮䣬ѪƯơ
֮˲֪˲ʶ



ʶۿӳԺ֮˫Ŀ죬Ѫ

Լ
֮
˶ħԸ

ʦʦ壬ʦܺʦá
Щһգ㲻δħл֮жľ֧սϡ

ڣһա

ǽԲأ
ħ죬
ϸʦúʦˣʦټʦҲǰ·;



֮ϣۣ

Ԫ˸վߣ˵
Ŷ·ݣɲ׵ʱڡ

С
׺׽ܣšУе۾ŵģǶϲ۵һط

ħףСؾ
Ԫ׶ʱͻˣ
˻ˡʦ壡Сʦ塪ʦֳˣ



ʯУ̽աľơ

޳ָ˲䣬ľƹâţȥâٳٲɢоһǿҵϮϡ

ûеֿ˳о˯ȥˡ



ʦ־Ǹ֣ûҪû˰֣ﶼôʲôʲôˣ

ιỹΪԼǸ˼ҵĴС㣬˶˺ѾߣҪİɣɽɸ󣬲¼ң

һ̶

̧ͷȥ˵ˡ
Լ߸߶ȱ䰫˺üͷҪͷܽǼ˵òС

ǰˣһȫһаУһ塣ѾΪԲѣΪϼֵȥˡ

Ϊλܼˣ

ȫЦһ˵
СѾͷطΪʦͲ֪ߵغˣ𼱣ʦͽˡ

磺
Ŷԭꡣ

䣬һľ

ȫĶʵ
ôŸտʼӴˣ

Сͷ
þûľˣһ½



ӵѲɽӻ㱨˵ŵӴˣ㶪и񣬳ȥˡ

£¡
ѧʱܺŽ̫أһʽûѧ꣬ĿǰҪˮͰȶĿ

ʱֻܴˡһǸĺӣһǱСĺӡ

Ȼ£Ѿʮμܡ
δζ䣬սŰܣŰս

벻˭
˲۵𣿼ǳԲǴ

Ѿ׼ʱ˵أ͸һΣ˵òأͲˣųѵ

ѰɽٲԱʱ
鲻̫Ծ

ʮꡢǿ׳ŵӶѵһԴţ۾ţѾ׻Թȥʡˡ
ϷȫϣŸ˫ѾٵСѾͷϵİ·ģϴˣһ˫۾Բģģ޹ֿ



Ϊʲô
⻹Ǹ£ˮ᲻ͱ˴ÿζ䵽ޱӸ״Сʦֶ

糯ſ֣˵
Сʦ壬ңҽˡ

岻̫á
Ϊ̫̫ͣ٣ʹʱýʱᣬûʲôɱ
ŵӣ˵š

߹ȥޱغӰκ󣬰˱

磺
ôԴ˻ģ
ҽ޺ûҽ£

Ѳɽ˵
еķ˹̧ȥҽΡ




53.     ʦСʦû

̸ֳǼ
ԼǼ, ƵشӺɽƻǰɽʼǳݡ

һ·ϣвŵӡ

, Ǹ
ã

ŷ֣˵
Сʦ, 

ŲҪЩ˿ɽأˣ

ûĻ, ˵
㲻ǽҴߡ

磺
ԭôʱ, ѾնԸķ

ǿ
ҽźˣˣ

ɽߡ


ᡣ

Ҳ֪ɽʮ·ɽ, ˶á˵νǶַ꣬Ӷĥ

ò׽£ȴ˵ϸһѾһֱۣնˡ

ͦ˼

ڶŹΥŹ£Ļû, ˡ

Ьѵ

Ҳ, 
ŮӼҵĽţˣå

һס

ֵš

磺

ҽǰҽ¶û, Ź, Ҳ֪ôһҽ޵ıġ

Դ˽š
׹ǴѾ׳ͷ

˻Ѫҩվǰ, ŷҩڷģõġ
ɰΣõȥ뵤ķ˹ã˵һҪҸŮ

֮󣬹ǵķĵմӵࡣʱѾԪӤڣҽˮ׼ǰʮ
ߵȥ뵤ʱļϾʲôˣȴ֢ܽ𣿣

ΪԼҽõ˳ϵĵ࣬ɵۡ

ҩݸָ࣬˵
ţҲ㡣

磺
Сʦ壬ɱţ
ȻҲǼʦǵķһηô˼ֻƣ

ࣺ
ֻʣҵҽˮƽ㿴ֻʦֶ



ϡ
·ѾɾˣȺӶ˿š

½ţʧ
ûζGҪġ


ô£

ػɽɸ£ʦһͱչȥˣ¶Ƿڴ硣

ܾĥ

ǰɸ˴ӣСʵʵʦ󷽣ʱӵغһʦʦ棬ֹ

ԭΪ粻ôѡ

ɴû죬ͷСһ

СǹԹɵģ󲿷ʱ䶼ӵģֻиʱŻϹһ¡
Сˣ֮ú÷˼ٷ緸ַֻ֮ӦһǡҲġһǡҴˣ´λҡ

û㣬ͷ
һӣ˵
ԸҴպһ¡

Ӷ˵
ҳֻˮң֡ڻأ߯Ӳҵá



кܶʱһƴ£ͱڡ

Ĳ磬ǵӦػСͽܵԼ

Ϊ˱Լ̲סˡ
ˡ

ӵķĵһ߸翴ˣһ߿ʦʦֶ֮־磬жֹ
û˭ڸƢϷ̽չᡣ

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ҩͦõģ

ҩŸͿϣû£Ľ.ͳ̶Ѿʼˡ

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Сʦãʦһæòã

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ࣺ

޵ĺ׻˵ӦЩҴҩҾûסʦԼĥһ¡

ࣺ
ԼĥĲҩ
ǷĹϵϵúõʲô̶ȣܽҩط߶Էʶ°ɣ



С¡
Ť˵ıȽҲܼˮ֮Ļϰ

Դ顣

ԴоԼ䶼ҪùˡѶЩ飬һ㶼ٶһˡ

ԪӤ

˳ڽӵ
ԪӤڣָԪӤ㴿⡢ʱڡ
ԪӤħ֮Ĳģе⣬ᶨƣͨأ㻯̫ƽ𵤣ԪӤ



ǻ񡣡

ʲôýģ
˵
׶֮츳ף˼ȴһš
ޱȴȻļԣ˼ͨ͸ͻƻ񡣡

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˵ǺЦ
ǰħrʹǡ

˵ȥûмɣֻİԡ


Сʦֶֻꡣ
꺢ͯôҲˣʲô˵ɣĻ


磬㲻Ծ

ҡҡͷ˵
ԾĲң㡣

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۶Сۣ˺ðΡ

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磺
鷢չ԰ɣ



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Ԫãҵ硣
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ڻʦֺʰ

续һֻ꣬һֻСֻ꣬궼оβ͡

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Ԫ׶һԣ²С˼
ǲǲʦ뿪ûϵԺԾɸġ

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رĻԺͲܵ۸ˣҵʺĹɸĺõöࡣ
ӦΪе˲ǰ

粦֣˵
Һܸˡ

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˵ģʦܻؼңҺܸˡ

ԪܾķӦܲԾ


أʦ֣
ڽȥɣؼԺ󣬻ᾭ𣿡

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Ҽʲôʱһؼˣ

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Ԫ˵ǽһȥҲܻȥѽɽɸҪӶϷˣ

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һ־ãֺγǶʦڴģأ

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ڣǸޣСɱ֮
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Сģ
ʱҴ׻Ǻ̸⣬òã

Ԫ׵˵ͷʵ
ʻ𣿡

Ҫõڵġ

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˺ôŴӴϹһӡӣŽţӹҼϳһѽ

Ѿʯһص

һؽͶ˹һáԲӳУֻҪҡˣˡá뷨þͻῪʼʴʶ

Ὺʼеļ䡣
Ὣþʵ
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Ƿ

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һᣬųԼĲ

Ѫһһǽ

絹ʱ˷ʹ顪ɽвʱı顣

Ĳһ¡

ҡɲǣʯʢ





絹ûд棬һƬ֮в³

ƺڡˮ

ոףδüӦ
һֻ޳ĴˮУס󣬽ˮק

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ãȻһ

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꣬ڶ壬Ѿеڴʯͷϣٲˮ´붨ĳ̶ˡ

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ŵʦ𣿡

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ΪĹμˣ͵Ϊֹɡ

ػͷƢܲһ

ػܲЦȥյĹΡҪǻǿ϶Ҫʹһ٣ҲҪһ١

ػˮ÷Ū·ڱϣӺɽʽߡ

磬Ƚˮʦ󡣡

ſϣ˵
Ҫ̫ˡ

ػǾֻҪǣҪ

صͷ

ػļ˵
ʦҸ˵

ţ

ػչأÿһأͻСͽߴ˵ĻĻиҲ౧Թĸְԡ

ػҲ
˵٣١

˵
СʦûÿθˮҪӺööཪ
˵˸ǣҹȥһǽǣ

ػһţͿʼЦ

ÿμҪĺ״
ҲûкõȥÿμͻСͽжôˣô£츳֮⣬ûаŵ㡣

Ȱػ
ͽֻܲ츳

ػͻЦŻӦ
һͽˣԺ󲻻ˡ




54.  ޻   ǼҰ硣

ʵ

֮ϡ
ӿ, ƾۼ׵֡

СؾʶۣԱ佣Ϊ֧, ԼҪȥ
˫۳죬ҧ, ݼѪ, 鼫Ϊ

ʶۻһ

佣, Աһӣ˦ѪִŽѾûͷȥ

ͷʬ壺
һŽ𣿡

ʶ۽ֱ, Ť֮еĶ˳
һŻδȥġ뿪ʱ΢š

ʶĮؿǿġ

һ֮ű佣ϥ˶ؾʯ̨ϡս˽ʣϣĿ붨

ƣһڲеıꡣҪϺɫףȴǳٳû, ɢ

Ԫ׸Сؾ·ϣѾ׵ı仯С

Ԫһ, ˵
ãʦ, һŴ⽣, ǻᱻħֶסˡ
Сʦ壬ǻء

ѾСؾڴ
ٲˮ˽ȥ

Ԫף
Ԫ, ֻܸ˽ȥ

Ԫʱղ̫ʦ֡

ʶԪӤǻڽҪʱڡɾһڳ֣ı佩־ء

ԪԼӰʶ۽
ԼȥˣʦСʦôˣʵˣʦֻ᲻ʹľȣ

ˮû
Ԫ׾żһŨصѪζ

Ҳͣ

ǿһͷµӡ
ӷ

Ԫֿ˿䵽һԵԴĬƬ̣˵
Сʦ壬ⲻĵӣ֮ˣԪ½
ʦֻħѵĹ

Ԫһ˵ţһ߶鿴
Ԫ½Դժ֮⣬ؿڴһ౻ժ˳

Ԫ׾Щ֡

ʶɱһɴ䣬һûп˱˵ͷٶؿһϰߡʹ꽣Ҫڳ

Ѿߵʶǰʶ۵֮̽˵
ްѽħѹˡ

ͷԪף
ʬȥõķƴһƴ֮ͻҡ

Ԫ˵
Сʦ壬ζź峹׾ѣ㲻Ƚʬͷһ㡣

˾٣㳹׾𣿡
˵
Щɽɸһڡ



ʯþ

ػһ߱ɽһɧ̲סЦЦ֮Ͷ˵
Ǻö

˵
Խ̫ϻġ

ʵ
ʦ֪ΪʲôƢãСʦƢȴô𣿡

ػ˳ĻΪʲô

ͷЦ˵
Ϊ㲻Խ㲻ϻԽϻ𡣡

⻰ȻҪԴ

ػᡣ
ػֻСͽܺȤܺ棬ǧӵĻŵӹȻû

ûͷûβʵ
ʦٱչذɣ

ػӦòᡣ

ȥɸòã
ʵ
ڳȥĻܸ϶޵Ԫڣ뿴ƣµա

ػ磬ɲϹء

ɽɸй涨
ӲһΪͣ
;̰쳾


統Ȼ֪ⲻϹء

ڱǷŲԪڡֹӦ˵һ١

ɽػڱ

ֺһ
ʦ

ػ

ͽܶͽͽѵġ
Сͽġ

ػһ˲Ͳ͸ʵ
磬ȥ޵ʲôطȥǵطίУҸڴȥ

˵صƽǣ

ƽǡ
ػɵ
Сδ𣿡

˭

ػʵΪʲôȥɳأɳǣ㲻ؼ𣿡

Ҳȥ
Ƶġ

ػ벻СӱŤ״ģֱֻ
Ϊʲôʦǵãܺðɣ

Ǻãǡ
ͷ˵
ʦǲǵ㵽ҼңΪͽʱҵûһ˿ͲᣬͽƸˡ

Ѱ˼ĸģ֪ŮҪȥɸҪ볾Ե޻ع֮գӦû᲻İɣ
ȻΪŮǰ;룬ܰŮǿͷʹӦеİɣ

ػ磬˵
Ҳף㲻ڷ

۵
˵̫ǣǿˡ

ػЦŵ
磬۲á

罫׵ԺֱػĲӣЦŶ˵
ǣۣôʸͽأʦ

ػҲԡ

Ǹӡ
Ҫ۽Ĺɽɸ£˭Ҳ

Ը
ֻػܵˡ



ػ絽ƫȡίʱƵƵĿ

ʦɣ

СѾͷ硣û϶سϣ

ۣس϶Ҫ˰ɣôһȡ񣿡


һƬȻ

ػûѡг֣ѾѸĹķˡ

ޱؿػ
ʲô

ػǣһس㡣

ػݲȵش
ȥʶһ¹а

ػ̽ͷһ˫Բ۾ͷ޹

һ޹磬ٿЦ⣬ػ

ӸʾϽһίݸػ˵ίбȽϺʣа㶯ָˡ

ػ硣

ػ˼ǰί飬ģضԷͷ
ллСʦ塣

ػ֮

һ߻һ
֪Ź治ƫҪ©ӡ



ƽǲǰ㷱
Ԫһգƽǵգ˿ûǡ

ֱƵģµյģˡǻǺ«ȵȡ

һǺ«ҧ˰ᣬϽųˡǺ«ػһݣҪػꡣ

ǻ
ɲóԣ˾ͽػ

ػЩգʵ
磬㵽Ҫٶ

ĺܶ𣿡

࣬ʦǮ١
ػǬǮ翴ʣʮͭˡ
ʦǸޣҪ½޵Ѵ

ʣ޵Ѵʲô

ػøɴࣺ

磺

ûˣػ֣ƽǳĻƽߡ

ػͷСͽܣЩ

ƽӣ÷һͷ󡣵ʵϣڲֵʱǾԲڵġ

ػͷ

ѽʦ
С̧ͷãȻؿ

ػʵ磬µ𣿡

ʣ
ûǮ𣿡

ػ˵ȫ¶ԵĻǮûܵõƷ൱ûǮ

һˡ
µһʽʦȻ־Ҳ̣Ӷǰ.ŮƱսƷ

ѽ

ػǮϰӹֽʣʼµա

վԱơ

һǣһ㣬д·С
ŶСȶñۡ


磺ף
ôЩϤ

ػ˴𰸣һֻȣȱݵǰ˵
磬ġ

翴ŵݵǰӡ
գգ̧ۣͷػ۾

ػԶ̯ӣʵ
һֻӵƣ磬źӵ𣿡

ʣӵʲô

ػ˵
һֱװγ״򣬿ˮƯԪʱ˼򻨵ƣڻдԸٽŽϰס

˵֮ػСͽܣʵ
ҪʵֵԸ𣿡

Ĭ˺ܾã߬ػӵֻֽ˽ʵ
Ը̫󣬺ӵװ£ô죿

ػЦ˵
磬ӵװԸûϵ

źĸ߶ȣһֵŴ˵
ֻҪװ£ް

翴ػ̧֣ԼţԼ

ػǽʵԸ

Ļ
ǽʵԸ񣬿ǼģնһеĽ

ػЦŵͷ

翴ϵŲ࣬ƺҪȥʲô
ǣ˸ա


۾

ػʣ磬ôˣ

شҵĽˡ

磬㻹ûн
ػְСļϣ˵
ںʦָһѽ˵õģ𣿡

ҡҡͷĿػ֣˺ü

ժǣ

ժǣ

ΧԪƽڵĽ־ڱ䰵ͬػӰҲģˡ

̧֣ҪĽ
ûеõκӦ

оԼŸոѣʶһαûˡ



ʶʱԼںӱߵ£Ժ˯š

˽ҡѣ
磬˯ġ

ʦ

ػƽԪѽڵĵƻǰǬһۣϣ

ػһߣһ˵
ҪˣСʦҵġ

ЦŵʦҲСʦ𣿡

СʦƢ̫ˡ
ػ彣ڽϣ򶫷ȥ
ʱķֲ壬ˮԵǻԵ

ͷػ䣬͵͵Цˡ

˭·أ
ػ޿ɱ⡣

ػʵ
磬ںӵдʲôԸ

ţдˡ
˰ΣȻû

۽ǣ˵
Ҫʢ治ࡣ

ػʧЦ
⻹ĲǺӵװµԸ

һԸ
۾˵
Ҫѹ

ػɻţ

ſػϣƺҪ˯ȥ

ʦһΡ
˵
μҽԪӤڣΪ֮
ǧʦÿ궼ҰӣϺرóԡҲȥԪƽˣǵĻƽĺƯƽҪַö࡭

ػǺܲΰ

һ飬úƯʦֻÿҲ롣
˵
رر˵һҪ˵

ػü֮Ц⣺е㷳ˡ

˵
ǳҲÿ¡
μɱ˺öˣСʦѣʦšҲСķųĴ꣬ʦֵĸʡ

ػţ粻˵ˣ˵
ûϵ磬ڴجˡ
ʵһжܺãڻȥʦֻӱʦ̽زţǡ

ţǰ
Լǵãźζ

ǣʦ
绺˵
ξһ߲ʵһУ㣬ҵһΡ

ػЩȵؿԼСͽܡ
˵ǼٵģڵĻӰҲû

ƺ͵Ǹոѣƽֺѯе

𣿡
ػʵ
һߣҲһʦ𣿡

˵ͷ˵һģһ

˰Σʵ
ʦոЩ£Ϊͽ𣿡

ػʵ
ǰڰΪʦ𣿡

ҡҡͷ˵
Զᡣ

ػЦȾ۵ס
磬ΪԼие𣿡

ٳûд𻰡

ػ˵
磬һ£һĻᣬ㻹Ǿ޻ڡ
磬𣿡

þػʵػһģһ
ٽʲôֻǻ󲻺ڣ಻࣬ʹʹ

ҡҡͷ

Ҳڡ
˵
ֻЩʱ򣬻ÿϧ

ǺԲȱʿһҪ£ȱ
ػ˵
磬޺̫ѣ޻ڼɡ


Ǹ̰֮ˡ
ҼҪ޻ڣҲҪ޺

Ѱʿͽ˵϶ҪѵһСһĪҪ̫СԺԿͷ

ǣʦػ

ػ磬˵
ǼҰ硣

ҲЦ
ǰҡ

𽥱󣬻ָɽþ֮ǰӡ
ȴص˴ǰʮճɸʱһţ罣ҡ

ǡ


þѣȥ

ǰһһٶȻصʯ֮Сǰдšա͡աľѾ˻ɫΨСաš

Цʯ湻ģҲ˵

Ļ˿˵ĺ£ֻġҡĽС

һˡ
֣աľơ

ʼ任

ΪԼҪʲôþʱˡ

磺

ֱһˡ
һ̣ǰâէȻĿ

䣡
ը죡

סԼը˴ɡ

ʱѾͨԵİʯϡ

磬ˣ֪Լ˯˶𣿡
ժ
ʲô

ССƬ

סһƬϸһ
ƬǺɫȴĪ͸һֲʹĸо

ʯƬ
һãȻ

ҪաĵʯôԼըˣ




55.  ̨ͨ   ڵҡ

ԭҪ롰աһ, ȴδ뵽ⳡʯըΪ֡

磺

Ĭһժǣ
㿴˯˯˶ã

ժǴꡣ

磺
ʲôԻþ, ȹʱ಻ꡣ

ҪԪ˵ͨ쾳ϻ, ͨҪ, ҶҪΪͻȻˡ
ժ˵, 
˵ôͳˣǲʧˣҲԣ˵һʧܣᱻԶС

ҡҡͷ, ˵
Ҳ

ա͡աȻͨ˵ģֻǲա֮ء
ʯըˣأʧأ

߰ɡ

ûأ̨ͨܲܿʼŻڽ֪ˡ



ݣɽ

ɽɸħڽʱδȻ󲨣ǧӼƻάֻ⣬Ҿֵ״̬

˵ȴꡣ
ǧԤ, ѾƽϢ

ἰʱ˶ֻǸĵط, ׽Ǯķ֮⣬ҲûбҰġ

ǧӵÿʼһˡ

ҹȻǧӵļƻģ
ٰڶδ, Ϊ, ʿԡʱ䶨øǰи׼

ǧӵ˵ͷ

ҹЦŵ
˵ϴδȵĲ, ͻˡ
ǸԽ˵Сӣ佣ӷŻһջнʤ

ǧ˵
ʤˡ

ҪΪֻ׷˵ķݣûб׷ķݡ

ҹʣ
ǼҵĲôˣ

ָ䭡

ǧӳȥպܿϰͷǺꡣ
ҡҡͷ
㹻Ŭˡ

䲻꣬㹻ŬȴֻڡһδȻ֮꣬䣬ҲܹͻڣҲܡ



ޱ

һľɴѾȥȡ֮ģʮĳǽ͸߰һдµĺ

ȻǰһЩţæǵ˼ȫڹ޽ּʱǻǴĽˡ

ǽԶһ˼

ѾСĺСϱŰ
ȥѧϿˣ

ѧǹڳģѧרŽСС

ǻС
ЩͻںǻħԼĸѰʵģСȥ

Ժɱ㣬
ըԣ

ã
СϿĵӦһ˳ȥ

ˣһӣһҲأԺûйϲ
һЦһõ޴гˮ󣬸ɾ۵⣬ɵЩп
û뵽ܹӡ

С뿪ţһ·㵽ѧòҲ٣ѧѾЩӣδȫ롣

ûǾһ˵Ц

˵ҪٰڶδˣʱͶ󣡡

ۣҿԲμ𣿡

ԵİɣʿԲμӣҲڣڲμɷΧڡ

Ҫȥμӣ

˵ɣԶء

ȥ˵ͬ˹ϵ϶ǵģ



š
̣ųϡ

ӹţ𿪡

Ԫ̾ʹ˹
Ҳɴ˸װס

Ԫ׿֮ʧջߣ
ȰһΪʦõϢˡ

Žӣ˵
£нڵӣҪһڱչؽڵĵӣⶨһݲ¼

һİ̧ͷʵ
ȣ𣿡

վܹӣʣ
ʦܲٲμһΰ

ܾ
ɸ

ʦҡ

˵
Ҫϴ赤ҿ˸

ȵĽƷϴ赤˶䱦Է˵ȴǡɽɸеķ壬ĵޣԼҲǸ֡
ϴ赤ֻҪҵҩģɸ


ҲҪϴ赤

ϴβμʱмǸ㡣ãιȥҲл

ûٸҪĻᣬɫˮһ˦˳ȥ



Ԫİ
ʦ䣬ǷǺжͽܣ˵Ұɱ֮

ûɥֵ߬
һǿģǿܴǣ

ԪڰһƣЦ
ģɽɸĵӡ



ؾ

ŮſڴߣԶͨ쾳ʱͻһڴʱ䣬ڴͨء

Ů÷ţ
ˡ

Ԫӱعͷȥʵ
绹ûҵɹǰɣ

Ů˼Ƭ̣˵
ģӦûҵ

Ԫɻʱһɥģһ֪ûԸûеõҪ׷ѰĶ

Ԫʧ⣬ԪӱȴǿüҶȾЦ⡣

Ů


Ԫӱȹڣ߳ȥʵ
ԼĹ𣿡

ŮҪ

ԪӱЦý˵
ȻҪȥοˣ



ԪӱԪɵĹʱ
Ѿ˱Сʳǰˡ

ܾĽƻһɹǣԪûѰ

ЩɥͻҰܸУҪߡ

֪Ԫӱϣƻʧܡ

ûԪӱǰɹǵ顣

ᣬԪӱҲ˵
֮䣬һĬĳĬ

Ԫʵӱտɻã

һµȹˡ
Ԫӱ˵
ɫҴˣ뻻ɫˣҶ˵ɫ̫ʺҡһ԰ɫ

ԪʧЦ

һֱ£ȴǺδСŮδװķա

֤Ļĺܡ

䣬ΪԣҲȷʵ̫ᡣӦӵи£δҲ鶯

Ԫʵ
ӱһɫΣ

ѽ
Ԫӱһ֣
ôû뵽أţ

·ʱ

䡪
һ촫

ؾһ

Ԫӱ£

Ԫ˵ͨ쾳Ǳߡ

ؾͨڣؾҡΣǾֻͨǱ߳¹ʡ

Ԫӱߵߣ˫ۣͨ쾳ķԶ֮ɲǣȵ۾

硭
Ԫӱ
ʯˡ

ԪҲһ˲

ʯʯΪλ飿
Ԫɲ²
ժʯ𣿡

Ԫӱҡҡͷ֪

Ԫ˵Ҫȥͨ쾳Ǳ߿һӱҪһȥ𣿡

Ԫӱͷ

һ˲֮䣬ö˻Դгһǰһͨ쾳ȥ



ժ϶ȥ

ڼͨʱǱһν絲סˡ
Ž⿪磬γ޹֮γժǽ顣

֣
ԪɵԶ

ͷһһƺ

ͨ쾳ڰʯ˲㻯ΪΣԪɺԪӱ

Ԫ˵
ǰ̨ͨ·ءÿͨʯǾͻǰ˵أΪʿ򿪽硣

ͷժǽ˿һԡ

Ķժ˵
ûȥ

Ѿ˼ҵʯҪٰѽŪˣǶ಻˼ԪɺԪӱػɻģƻģ

ժǵȥô

һ˵
ֻð£ծˡ

ժǣ

ԪɺԪӱѾǵĽ̸

Ԫӱ˹ʵ
ӣڽʯʱʲô飿ΪʲôͨأˣʯΪʲôըʲô

磺
ʮΪʲô

ԪѾ˽磬˵
һߣһ߽ɡ



ûнʯڷȫ֪

ڡաĹؿоܵĿ飬ĵطǲ׳ָ˿ġ

ֻǰԽԼͨǰأȻڴءաľʱʯȻ˱ը˳

ءա롮աЩơĨȥʿļ䣬ʿͶδĻþ
Ԫɽ͵
ǻþУʿ߻ᷢ飬ʹ֮£Ҳ֮£޷֮ġ׳ȱħ


ҵġաؿ

Ԫ˵
һصĻþǸ˵Ĺ̶ļ˵·ֳһ

Ԫɿһۣ˵
Ӳˣǿ֮δѲܹƣʯġա

磺
ըˣ

̨ͨˡ

̤󼸽ڰʯף̨ͨǰ

̨ͨһԲƽ棬ĴǱɫģˮƱƾӵĶΧһֺİɫʯͷ
ʯͷеͨİ񣬵ϸЩʣеժǺʯķɫ

ɫʯͷ׭ġ
ʹõЩ

ֵ֪Ĳ壬ǡ

ԪָǱ棬
ӣ뵽ȥ

Ļ˹ȥ
һ˲㷢˹âγһֱͨ춥Ĺ

ڹֻ֮Ƭ̣͸оŨ

Ԫ˵
ӣЩϽɽֱڡ

ѻ˵ꡣ

ֻǣԪӤҪӽʱ䡣붨ҵȱ㲻ɴţֻԵţȰ֮ѡ
Ԫ˵
ʱ⣬գһ϶
õȴǵȲһ϶ˡ

֪ԪҪԼԪӱ

С
ԪӱЩҡ

绹άƽʵ
ҵɹˣ

Ԫҡҡͷ
Ѱá

ʣҪʲôã

ԪЦŵ
ȻûɹǣһǣɹǲʵʩƻҪ໻Ҫ෢Щá

Ԫӱͬ
磬ңԺҪʲôȥ

ӱԺؾ֮ˡ
ԪɿοҲóˣ벻硣

Ԫӱҡͷ˫Ѿɫ

Ȱ
ûаʱ䡣
鲻ҪôѰһ£Ƿɡ

ԪʵӲűչ𣿡

ȻҪչصġ
Цŵ
ҿ֤֮ڣұسءʱûҵµķұƻ֮

Ԫʵʲô֤

ü֮дЦ⣬˵
磬ڵһȥûиʱԵ顣

Ԫɿ硣
֪û˵ѡ

ֿԪӱ
ԶҲϴڴ·ڶ˵磬һ԰ɡ

ԪΣ˵
ôףԸ뻯ڡ

á

ڱϥ£Ŀ붨ǻ񾳽硣




56.     ֮

Ѿ붨

ԪӱԪ˫˫̨ͨ, ˵ɫãֻҪû˵ĵطһһܡ

, ܹˣ
Ԫӱ۾
ƻ, ҾȻԼ

ԪסŲ, ֵ
ӱ, ûұ㡣

㡭
ԪӱòУŭ, 
ǰ棬ԼŰɣ

˵꣬ŮΪУƺ֮Уʧˡ

Ԫվͨ쾳ϣңƺбβɨε̾˿

ɵӱΨһˣβ㹲棿
Ԫɸ̾, 
ӲȫҶ, ֻһ˳ӱֻ, ֮ͬ㡣

, ԪɺȻо

תͷɢǵĺɫʯͷƬƬ֮䣬۳һģӰ, ٕiۡ

Ԫʶժǣ

ܿͷӦԶûժ

ԪѾˣ
㣿ʯ

Ԫɲ
ʯ飬ؾҲٶԱ˿ţû˻ٴν˵ʯա
Ϊλ֣

һ˺ľٲ֮䡣
̬Щն̧֣ס׹ʯƬ˵
Ҳ̼⡣



ڶδȿʼ

ȵĹģ
ɽķΧҲԶһ֣˶ۿʿıԣˣɽ糱

ɽɸһߣԭԪ״ӡ

ԴϢ֮֮ǰԸμڶδȵ壬Ȼ⣬Ƿ񻹿ǰ

Ӧ
Ѵʱڣʱ󣬲ɲֻɹս

սˡ

ƺǵԪױ׽ؼңҲ尵ɸӣɽɸĴ֮˻˷

壺

С
˵ҪʵʵشԼס֮


ҹϿҵ̾
Ժٰȣǰ

ϣʵ
¥ɽɸĸĴ֡

ҹȵ
Ȼ𣿡


Ҫ̫֣



ҹӦ˷ȥǧӡ

¥ʱҹ㿴۵Ĳޣźڰӣš

ҹʵ
ǧأ

ǧӻش
ֻǽԾֶѡ

ҹЦʵ
ǧԾ֮жˣ

ǧһ㣬ܿ˴𰸣
ʮա

ʱ侹ǲ֪֮䣬Ѿȥá

ǧӴϷֳ
¥ҿ£

ʱǧӺһֱ䲻ڱġ
ҹڴʱ

ɽпһķ
ҹ£µĹõë裬ȫƵǧǰ
ǧһӱԵӮҺöķƷ׬øһЩ

ǧӣ

ҹ˵ǧǲʳȵˣ֪һжôǮ

ǧӷ֪

Ųʲôʳȵˡ
δʱڿ鱨⣬һ鱨ʮ

ǧӵ׬ǮҩȵĹӣɽɸĵķΪеĵһ

ҹЦˡ
óһ̣ϷˮͭǮ

ǧɡ

ǧùˮھһɨӳǳ

ǧӱֽʣһ㣬һֽд´𰸣
һֵһԬܡ
һֵڶ顣

ճᡣ

ҹվһԿֻòǿ¡һֻûǩ˭˭սǧӾѾܿʤܴˡ

ҹӹֽʱЩ
ڵڶ־Ͱ𣿡

ǧӵ
սҲǸޡ䭻ûڣԷѾ۷壬ӽˡ
Ӯˡ

ҹĬƬ̺˵
ûǴߥΪͽģǧ
츳һ㡣ǧΪҪһͽܣ

ǧӳĬ

ҹҲûм׷ʣ
µģٲһ½ڴȰɣǧ



ǧϣڵڶʱ䭱˱ԡ

վ»ӽ֦Ҷ䡣

һδôͦ˾ս
һΣڶ־ͰˣζԵӵĽ̵

ľ޹
һ䳹ڱ

ͣнͷȥ
ŷ֣һϮµķһµ

ʦ桭
䭽йֿһˡ

µִӣЦӵܣ
ҽԪףҶʦС

䭻ʦ
ԭʦĶʦְ

֣
ҡ

䭳Ƭ̣ԼĽ˷

סױһ
ʱ֮䣬ɽʯߣ񾪷ɡ

䭿ˡ

˵
Ҳ㣬ֻġ


нӦȻʽ磬ɽˮ֮Ȼ೤нҲӦΪ㣬ɱ

䭳ɵ
ǣʦ֮ǰ˵ȡ

˵
ȷԣڽʽαϹҪķȴ

䭵ͷн˼

˵㲻ʺýһɣߵࡣ

˵꣬뿪ˡ



ڼš
µıѾɣѾеڶҲǽʿ֮ıԡ

ͨʴѰԾȷʽʿһһɸѡ׵ֻʣˣ˱̨ս

սˣһԽˣΪл

лϴδȵĿףϴ赤ϴ֮󣬲ѽᵤ
˵лǸţ־ڣԽӦܹٴ

һ˵ĳЩء
޾ңо

ħ޳ս
ǰûʲôһǽڡһ֡ѣһˡĸо

лģ
սʼ

ɲǣ̨ϵ˱㶯ˡ

лٶȼ졣
Ҫ֮ǰЩһֱˡ

ǽȽʱȴǱʲôտסٽ

зֽվл˵
ĽУӰӡ

лһ㶡


Ҳ֪ǺιϵΣҶ㡣Ǹˡ

˵գ˫ָ£
ڷͳӳ֣ɫֽ̨֮䡣

лѾӳ

ʽһ䣬ֱִ̾
ܹõĵĽ磬ǷƥĽ棬飡

лһнһ룺
ԣָо

ִʱᵽһָ֡ĸо
ĽʲôɽˮٲûκһĽ

Цһ
һ֣˴ײ



䡪
޴һҧסлھ֮£׹âһ죡

ƷֽƮ䡣

лн̨ϣͷϺֱϽѪ

أӵסлʺ˵лѣһ֣Ӯˡ




ֻʣβѩ׺괩Ƽ䣬֮ڱʹӺΡ
ֻǣʱõβԼģµġ

µѶһֱΪݵĳ֪һֱð¡

פڴ˴
ѣ˴ջ񣿡

˵
޹ħѩȾɵأѰһɹǡ˹ǿһָ۷塣

Ǻ°

ԴǵĳУҲԵ˵ͷ

ȷǺ¡
ǿйƬ˵
ֻϧ֮ǰºˣָٶȴǰҪ׻ָҪС

ѡ
꣬컹ɣ

Ц
˵Ҳǡ



ݣɽ

žǾһȳ׽ɽ˼գ˿ɽз羰Ȥ֮أ׷ɽء

ҹùǽˡ
Ψɽɸ޾ҡϻɵͬơ

ҹǧӵ
ǧƻѾɡǸ

ǧӿʵ
ɽɸ״Σ

شӡ

ǧӣ
ҹ
ʲôӰ

Աи˵Ԫס

Ԫ׵
ʦӣһֱչأ˵ٽҲûʲôɽؾˣҲ޷ȥ޷ȷ

ʦֽ˳Ըо
ʦܣӦٶȺܿ죬ֱ׷ʦ֡

ҹ
ʦԪӤ뻯ڣչغķʮꡢ֮á磬뻯ˡ

˵ʱ˽ԳĬƬ̡

һٶȣ뵽硣
ţ˶꣬ػµļ¼Ȼᱻ߸

ҹĿ
ɳʦֺʦܣһϵĲܣʦΣ

Ԫҡҡͷ

ֱףҪһЩ

ǧˮ㣬˵
֮󣬻ڳֻ֡ǡ

ʵֻʲô

ǧӿˮԼһǳüͷƬ֮ҡҡͷ
ˣ˵

ǧֱӸĻ˻⣺
⽩֮Уѽ鶼ˣϵޡݺޣ⣬ٰȣȸϵ
ʣµֻ޺ͱء

ҹ˵
󶯲ޡ

ңǶԳƵϷءԣҲֱ㸲
࣬ܶġ

ңʹһֵ״̬

ڱء
ҹ˵
ҲˡΨһĻӻطҲֲ

ǧӵ
ֱµĻڳİڣᾡά罩ƽȣ䣬Ҳͷߡ

ҪǱִڸУڲԵߵݡ
ʱһʱ䣬ٰһԣһҪʿֻҪٰܾµʿȼɡ

ǧӶڳ˵
Ϊƽȣλ㡣



ʮ
ַ̨ͨ꣬Ƶ

붨

£֮ʱһŤɨ̨ͨϣơ
̨ͨʯ޸

ػߣС

Ůڵػ֮жĳƤһ֮УԼֳ΢⡣
ػԽңâԽǿ
ͷ·һڻԽԽǿ

һһԶƶٿ׵ػ̨ͨϡ

Ԫӱ߽һ˵
ѾˣûҪͣ˼

Ԫ˵
Ӧ̨ͨȥܵߴ뿪ؾҪصҾ֮С۷Ϊ·ѿ

ԪЦһ£
һ£ӱ
ӵΪԽߣұԽġ



±任
ǧ԰֮

˪ѩ׺ɣ

ݣǡ

ؽǾۼ˲壬ѵõ֡

̯ǰ̸ԡ
ֻǱϢݵЩİԣѾ֮ǰˡ

˵ɽɸˣ¸̫ү
Ӵ濴ɽɸǲǺ˺Ƥô˼ҵ̫ү

һŮ
㶼

ڲ̯Ȳ˷׷СҲʮģ´磬ӦǸ˼ҵĹŮ

Щˣ
С㿴ˣͽͣ

Ů˵
ɽɸ̫ү¸岻Ҫǵ̫ү𣿡

ɵĲ̫үɸعɸ˷˻۱

ŮЦһ
̫үû˼ֻ᲻̫үѪ뽫Ҫȥ

𣿡

Ůٱ磬ֻԶ˺

Ԫӱ

Ůתת۾²̯δĲˮͳԴİŮ޺˹ȥ

𿪵ĵֽݸŮʵ
ôһγţӦ𣿡

Ԫӱӹģ˵
ȴؾȤˣ
һ¡

ԪӱֱһɫӡǣֱҲͬһ顣
ǵ޽Լӡǡ

統붨֮
ʯԪɺԪӱ֮ǰ˵Ԫӱ

ԪӱΪޣҪָԪӱһ룬ͬ
ңʿһͬԪӱɽ磬ͬء

󣬱Ϊޡ
ԪɾǸɿ֮ˣûб·ߣʯ顣

ΨһԵ硣

붨֮˵
ҳؾкܶҪвðն֮¡ùҽǸ

Ԫӱߣ˵
ûϵѽĺôӦ㹲ͬٷꡣҽĹ㣬Ҳɽиҡ
ң־Ը㹲Уۼ֤档

˵õҵİΣҲġҺôҲлڵΪҲϡˡ

ԪɺԪӱ֮£Ԫӱˡ

粻զࡣ
Լһδȫᣬһ޾ͳ
ʲô

뿪ؾǡ
ԪӱҲһ˳һ·϶άһ¸߰ӡ

ʱصڡ

һԪӱֵģһߵ
˾ͺá

ûԶãȻ̧ͷ

ϣһȺɹ

Ԫӱִ̧һֻ
ӺϵͲгֽ

ʸ͵š
Ԫӱ˵
˵ԼѸĴܣҲӦߵλϡ
Ҫɵݽ齵ȥš齵ߣ޴塯ô˵ġ

ԪӱֽȥְѺŷɡ

ƽ
ôȥˣǻʵ°




57.     ҹէ

ôȥ, ǻʵ°

Ԫӱͷ


磺

rҲãҲա
Ĵħͷǣһ, ôű˵£

һ⣬, ȷʵǷ¡
Ҳȷסء

Ǽɵʵ, ֵս±֪Ǽ, Ļ̵̻Ļҡ
Ȼ˭֪Ҳֻһţ, Ǵƺַ

ħrأ
rĴʲô


Ԫӱ̧ͷ飬Сĵʵ
Ҫȥ𣿡

Ȼ
Ԫӱߡ
ȻԪӱǵؾţʦؾʱǴһƣ͸塣

ҪԪӱ

Ԫӱ
̫ˣҿˬþˣ

ժǵҲʮȸԾ
Ҳˬܾˣ
ޱ𣬰겻, ǰĺƤΧ

Ԫӱ룬˵
ԭκܴɣΧ, Ҳ㹻õġ

𣿡
ժǸˣ
ҲҪһ

磺
ûҪˡ



ʳǡ
¥ıʯ, ڰҹɢŵɫ, ס䡣

ʳΨµԺȼŵһѻůġ

Сɻ¯ϣ¯һơ
йһƻ, Ҳȵþζ硣

ϣŶĶ˵
ҵöλѻѸл

ʵ
ѽкμƻ

ŵβŹЦ⣬
ȻҪɵδܳɵĺԸһƬѪ

Ŷ
ȵ
ǰЩӼĳż˵Ҫ齵𣿡

ǿƵĹˡ
⹬ڰǰµһսˣҽû¡ǻǵ⹬˵˸һģһĿܳǣ˿ݡ

һ˫΢У
УŪˡ

Ц
ѲǧĻ١

ǧĻħ֪Ķ˷ǷǺ͵rĪ
˽֪Ǳȵr̫ࡣ

ĲսΪ߼

ħrҪǶ硣
ǸħͷͬʱһλһƬ֣ú.Ū.Ű

ǲͬҪѪ
ҪʬɽѪƥȨ֣һΪ.Ū˵Ĺߡ

Ц
ѣưɡ

á
˽ƺ𣬵ζľơǾƱڶĶʾ⡣

Ҳƴǡ
Ʊ

ɲ֮䡪

ϮƱըѣ
̵ľҺͬ˻

̧ףǽԴ

ֻԶй𣬱ҹէգ

ǹУִ
һ£ڷڣеӳ棬Ŀǹ⡣ӯ̤ѩϣȴۼƻá

ôһ˲䣬ǡˣҲΪԼۻˡ

Ǿȵ
磿

ǣ
ѣ㲻˵

ȷŵ
֮ǰȷʵۼ֮лΪҽ

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ôľƣףʲôأɷһ֣ͬ

ǿ
Ե£оҲЦ⣬ƺǾº˼

ļҳ
СɣΪλڱкμ

ǿħٴ龳ܱ򶨡
ԼҲǶʵһİɡ

վҵĲֹǣ硣

幫֪
½ǳЦŵ
ȥȪ˼ɣ

£ֻӳ

ƵպǵһѸɳµУ֮󣬱죬ڽµһͬ㵹ǽ¥

ûͣ
һ֮ժǽֱǶȥ

ߵĴһͷӾ
˫ַѸٺˣ

ժǽǣɨ
¯ţľ̿Яǻ𷭷ɣľǳںۣһ̣ɱ»Ϊľм

סľмˡ

˦ˮ䣬סժǽ
һڽɻأڴǵǰղ

ժǽصС

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˿ҲδңֻЩ̧鵶ʡ

Ƕ
Ľˡ

ǰԾһΡ

ʱСɣڽ鼫£Ϊȴ㣬ʱչأÿһúּȣǱҽɼ


ĽȰǰӯˣȴҲŰǰûеķɶٲնơ

Ƶ˵
ˣе仯Ҳʵ

̬ҲȰǰҪݡ
ٲǸҪҧںڰ;ĺ֮УʯٵǱ֮ˡ

˵ƣƮƮ
Ķȴ˿

Ųת

һ˲αʧ
ٳʱڽӣನĿɢƣ

֮ǰЩ̵ľƣһ˲֮䣬ͬһб֮ҪΪҽʧ



ݣɽ

ʦʦ
һܹɽСҹĵƻ֮䣬ɽ¥֮ѰҶʦӰ


¥ǰƵĳҹ
ôǧ£

ǰڱ
ǧҹͬһӪܣڴһ£ıڽлס󣬲ʹ䷢չ׳
ΪǧΨһͽܣͳҹҲǽˡʦĺϻˡ͡ѼҵĺӡĽ顣

¥
ͣ˼˵
ո¥죬ʦõǡ

ҹ˾Ʊ
ǧ¥

¥һۣ˵
㲻üŸ֪ˣʦʱ¥ǣ֮ܣӦѷǱ仯

˵ͷ

˵Щʲô
ʵҲûʲô˵ģֻǼʦ֣ϲͷþƽ

ҹʣΣ

˵
էâĿʢʱ

ҹһ˫ȾЩЦ⣬
ǴӲʧ

˾ƺ;յ֣һֻ롣дţų롣ѩɣҹ򶫶ȥ




ʳ֮Уս.ҡ

Уܹշ棬Ҵææ˻ʳǡ

ǰ߶Ժ˵
ģǴлأΪӦڻ۷塣
£˵ǻǸ

˵꣬ԼĺڽдһϻУڽٷޣϢݡ

Ϣݻ壬ǱȥǡΣҪ簴ٳͷ֮ա

۷壬ټϷǣȻԽ֮ܣҲա
ĪؾĻš

һ̣Ԥӳ֡

ĺڽŷ𣬾ͱһġԶķ۹ҧסѪҹ

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ΪΡ

ŮץȻһϢĺڽ£Уʵ
Ϣ

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ͨڽձˣ֮Ѷޡ

ŭ
ΪҶ˵Ķ𣿡

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һɫӰڷŮ£ؾ֮Ԫɡ



ٵʳ֮ڡ

ڽ׵һ𣬲⣡

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ӲӲ·

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ĵȴԶժǼӲ

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ճһֻ֣ӡ
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׵£

Կ
ںƣ֮оۼֵ׻

ѷϷ
һժǽ׵֮´ȥЮ׵泤ڷ֮

һغϺ

һִһֲǣѩը𣬷βŽɫòЩǱ

Ž
֮ǰĸоһҲȴ幫̫ոһУа幫֮ǰҵǹƴ

Цһ
ĺҵθڡ

ü

нӿѪɫ
˳ҲҡÿÿˣὫ۶ֽţС

˵Ҳû

⻯񾳽磬ĲֻΪġΪޣӦΪš
ȣ֮Żȡ

Цŵ
¼գڳڿĽ̬ƽͣʬɽѪ幫ȱ

Ѿ

Ѳµòֳࡣ
ǳھβ壬¡ͬΪ壬òΪƣֻǸΪа

ӯϺϣֳɫơ


ҲԶԴֺεºܣж֮У

ժǽ
첻㣬㡣

ǵֻû

¡
־β࣬ɽЯ츲ȥ
񵴣ɽѩ䣬죡

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۾

Ľڽء

ƥ
ҹƣǺҲ

֮⣬ǵء

һֹؼž

žݣ
ҹէҫ




58.  һ   繲

½޺;β

һ˲, ֹˣҲ͡

ִڷС
һ֮, 죬һʺؽ, һ¡

, ڷӦ
ǿ, ׹ѵأҲҲ䣡֮, һ⣡

½ִף
ǣˡ

֮ͬС

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⽣ϸϸһ֪ý֮жôϬ

ͣڷеĴ̧²ӣٽҰʱ, ֻһʺۼ



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ͷ­, Ѫ߶ϿӲϵȥ

ٳһ
Ǿɽķ, Ҳڽ±

ִ, ׷ϴ԰׹µ壡
ٳһֹһڶǵʬ, ݵءߵĽУնأѪ

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磡磡
ժæӽסŮޣ
Ѿˣˣ͸ˣթʬģ

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˵ҪƤëģӣﻹҵõƤë

ժںĲƤë

̬ʵ̫衣
ժǵħ

񽣽ֹ֮£ͣ˻ӽĶȻ͵ǣ˼ƽ¾ࡣ

˰֮õجΣڴˣֹЪ

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ع񣬷ǰƯһš
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ժ̽һ£˵
ܳӯ㿳ôལҲû飬ӦǸñ

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Ԫɵ

ԪɺԪӱߣӦѾǶˡ

ɹǣ
ǵãԪãʹƻĽҪһϡ

Ѱ˹ǣѰ˳ɰǧҲδн
ԪЩп˵
û뵽ӱӽṲΣѽ⣬˹ȴˡ

ţҪݸ

Ԫҡ׾ܾˣ
ɹǶö˵Ȼá

ֻȽɹˡ

ⶫ˳㣬ϡ
ƻĽ֮⣬Ӧûʲôơ.ָá˵ϡҩһĵرôá

ɽǧӡҹ̽һ£ⶫҪõޡ


Ԫʵ
ӽʲô£

ͷ˵
ðʡЮֱس֮£Ӧ磬ҲʱĿ

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ҶǺͿˣ֪س⡣
˵ƣ·Ǳɱ֮²ˣñĻ̻̣ҡ
ǣԸݣұݣһֱݵµĻڳ䡣

Ҳˡ
֮£Ѿ˵ˡ

Уʦֻر̳洫Ļλ

˻һЩĬ


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ôˣʲô𣿡

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һܣֱӽʳضݽ˱ĿȥһƬ

磺



ɽɸ

¥б£ȥȥһƬҡ

أôֲˣ
޷Ҹ£˵ȥˣ
Ҳ֪⣬ЩδĵĹ򣬶ѳСɽˣҶأ

¸Ҳ̫˰ɣ

Ԫ׸Լʩ¥߲ϣ׿ڽѰ˵ĸӡ

ͷһھƣҡеľƺ«˵Ǵ񣬲ǵʦСʦľơ

ڽѾá
ԪǰЩʱսȡ˳װ˾ƺʱʱһЩ

֨

һģ毺õµƿ߲ĵľţһ̧֣㿴Ԫס

ʦֶ֣ܹ񣡡
Ȼֹ󾪵
͵ʦľˣ

ԪЦ
ˣܿ͸ʦֵˡһΣҵýʩʵһЩ

µСӾǰ
ȥСѳ󣬲ߵʳ·;ϣԼòԶͣʮꡣ



Ԫ׾ƺʵ
Ҫ𣿡

ҲȾơ

Ԫ׳Ц겻ʶζ

Щ
ǡ겻ʶζʦ㵽׺˶٣Ļˣ

˵ģԪ׾ͳûš

ҶҪķˡ
Ԫ˵
ûм̳λǰһǸӵܣĺòڡԴӴӦСʦ壬֮λҾͳ˹ĵū

ֻǹġ

ÿֻҪһͻиĵ

󷨷˵Դ䲻ԣǮ͵ҩùˣҪ䡣
ԪѰ˼ţǮôùأϸ׷̰֮֮󷨷ˣѡ˸·й̺ۡ

޷Ϊһִֻһ̫׹Ůһ̫ǰŸӣ޷£Ԫ׳档
׵ǣԪΪƽϢǸ£ȴɶ׷Ҹϣٯٯϸ꣬ͻΪˡ

֮λ̫ˡ
ԪĨһѲڵᣬ
Һ뽫λûСʦ塣


֮λܻȥ

侲
ʦ֣ʦջ

̱ڴϣͬһԪףһ⻰ͦ

죬ȥģʦѰطƲˣ



ɽɸ֮ǰ˸
һٶʱ䣬ʦֶԪþ˸㽫ȨӸ֮λ

ǰɸٰ¸δ䡣

Ϣһ𵴡
ɸ룬ר̸ţԷμӴ䡣һҲûɼжôܻ

һƬϲ֮

ε죬رˡ
ٺ٣ǵȻˣǼϲ¡˿бܵ𣿡
ͬ죬ͬ죡


ֻ˵壬繲С

δ֮
ɸԪס

һθ˵ҩ룬ִ⣬ٴγΪħɱ

Ԫ׻ʱʱҽϢ
ͬʱҲΪһŵҩ¼

ʣ
ʦǽأҽأ

Ԫ׵
ʲôޣڲͺˣ



ʱԪ幫ҵҵĹġһд֣һߴӣкҪ

ӣ
ô˵أͦġ


ֻ˵ʦʦ

ʱ򣬱㿴һľ

޵

Ԫһ
СʦƢԣ˵ǾǺܺã޿ޡ

ûꡣ

ȥƽȡƣǺʦµ°ף㵱Ľɡ

Ԫһ

˲ԣ
Ԫףʲô

Ԫף
ҪҵǺ°ףѾҶˡ


һֻ

ǳ¥ţӦҪ¡
Ԫæϵչۺɫ

Сʦ塭
Ԫ׽ֽݸ
ʦõǳˡ



ժǻ䣬͵͵ɽɸĲʱסط
ټԪԪӱİ
ڰٰ㳢ԺڽĻʳǴӱ֮ҽЩ̮ıʯ޸

ůůʯأأ

磬ůʯ룬ˣ飬һٻɸԭ˵ǰͱݻٹһˣӦʱûˣ

ɹвУ

ҿĲǻڣǷħڣ



ڰ֮󣬱ʳǻָԭò

ñʳǣһα׷ŴһǸֱգлᣬúÿһʦֵļҡ


ֺ׳һ

ҲЩٲ
֮䣬ЩͻȻȻ֮ʧɢ̲סý̲סֻܴġ

ժǺȻ
G磬㾳ǲֽˣ

ʣ𣿡

еģ϶У
ժǼֵողˣˣرԣ

˵оаɡ

ժǣ
˵ôôأ

绽ժǡ

û

Цŵ
һٶʮ꣬飬룬һ¡

㣬ͻȻģ
ժǸո۵һӱɢˣֻ»ŵβסȸԾ
Ҳôң٣Ҳͦõģģ

ӣ
ԪӱŮ鶯ã
ˣԺ߻ң

ժǲ˵
̸ǰ÷ͬɳ绯źأʲôأ

Ԫӱۣ
ں·Ҳѽ
Ժ϶Ҫ֮ȥˣҪְҪҪͬ٣»أ

ժǺԪӱͳ

ڻʳϣһǳһЦſҹա

Ƕҹ
ɽҹϸպй⣬Ѥʣƻá

ʶس


֮Ӧջ֡

ǰɽ¥ݶ
ǧǲ㣬һԿǣ߱žƣʱʱһڡ

غ󣬺˸ɽţ

֪ǻ
ǲǶΪѾˣ֪ţ᲻ܾϲ

˵

ѹǧʦ᲻øˣ

¥ûгڣ俪¥ҵɣҵͦ׬ǮģλǮϵĹܸ֮ɳ¡

ôˣмȥʦֻأ

ħrѾɽﱻѹˣŲįѲܣԽܣԽģ

Сʦ嵱֪ѶûٽɵĻ·Žѧһ߽һʹ̵أ
Ҳһ
˵һ츳ѣΪФӣ۵û֪֮ȡ

˼ҷ׷ɡ
ָģģԺӳˡ


Ԫӱд𣿡

Ԫӱлعͷ
к֪ôʹ𣿡

磺֪

һԶ
Ѱ񡣡

ת֮䣬ЯȻĺǰִۡȣɫ԰׵ĹޣЦ硣

ӻع֮£ɽѾˡ
ҹ˳һƬĵطвӦˣ
ӣ겻Ѵͬ

ҲЦ⣬
¥겻һ

ҹʵ
Ϊûд𣿡

룿
ʧЦ
ǿΪ𣿡

ҹЦŵǰˡ

˿Χʵ


˵ͷ
͸ˣѽԪ飬޻عĻˡ

п
֪ʦΡ֮ãⱱػλܹˡ

δأӦҲˡ
ҹһת
һҪ¡

ʣ£

ҹ˵
֮ãӭ




59.     һǧʲôŤ

, ɽɸ

ɽԪٲʮߣĬ, 

ɽʯлسҧ죬ļٲˮ֮, Сһ, ٲˮͬƿ, ʯŲƣֳһڡ

ɸɽôٲࡣ
Ԫ׵, 
ʦܱչصطٴΣǽ˾òҡ

ɽѰ˸ؾԼ˸ܲ͸硣

Թ֮Ԫ׸ŷҶ

һȥǺ档
ٲˮɽһҶ, ˱ӡ

溮ĶģǰҺءŨˮ
Ԫ׾ЩԴϢ

ǰ, Ѹٽ幦, ԼһתΪ, ҲˮԵת˱


֮ǰѳɹͻƵڡ

ֻ幦, ȴȣ뻯ںδأؾչأȶΪ

߹ؾصұں󷽵һƬ츣ࡣ

ϥʯ̨ϣ۾һ˪޾ɫȴִżֲ׽ӽ˪

ֻǽ
ķ˿ϣѩ׺ϣļϡϥϡ°ϣѩ
ϥѩ֮УһµܣһҲΪڳߣ֪֮ڡ

һ䡣
һ𣬽˪ѩ䡣

Ҳ۾ˡ

Сʦ壬ʦ֣ѰҺ£

òǰ޲
ֻ֪ǷɱԵӰ죬̬ʧ¶ȣ̫ࡣ


Ԫ
ʦܣȴ֪˵ʲôá

Щʦֵܾ࣬Ԫÿμ࣬ɸпʦѲϤģˡ

Զֹ

ǶڰǰΪͼٽĻһ£ؾ֮гһܡ

幦ϰ֣֮ѣǽ죬Ҳյһ֡
Դ˷ܽȴġƣΪۻ֮ڣǣһаġ

޵Ļ˵агЧռ

ѡ˷ȻҪֹ

չأȴ츳áĸʶۣ뻯񾳽ܿһȻûӮ

˵
Ϣˡ

̧ͷѩ׺һ¡

˵
ҹǧţ֣ڱѾӦ
࣬ûȥˡ

ͷ̧Լ˫֡
۽⣬ĻһѪ˿ʳ

Ԫ׼ˣ
ʦܣʲô

ѾһСѪ΢΢߬һ֣оʹ

˵
Ρ



ʳǡ

ʵ
ǧʦû𣿡

ҹ˵
ӣǶ˶ˣ˭ά󷨣ѹƵr

˵Ҳǡ

ԼǬȡӺ;ƣžƺ¡Ǭʩѹ꣬ɡ

˸¯ӳ

ҹ˸ţˣ
ʲô

¥ǰҸպڲơ
ش
Ұǰսʱڴ˵ҵƳ㹴ˡ

һ˵ţִǬóľ̿ʯͻӡ

ҹдЦ٩
ǬС

˵
ǰɽɸʱҺҶʦһ͵ʦľƣںɽƺȣⶼʱ򵽴ѹþߣǬġ

ҹ

ƽȴִŵԹ
־Ʋ󣬷ҹ㣬Ź档Ҷʦܳȥˣ˺ϻɵ£ֻһ˰

ժǳߣ˵
Ȼ˰ˣ֮͸ˣŹһҲû

ʱոսڡ
ںʱͲʵɸϴΪ֮󣬾͸ˡ

Ϊ֤Լʵǿ󷨷
˭뵽紳ʧܣȹǺ߹ǣļ˪

ǵʱǡǸҪˡ

أҪΡ
æҽˣǰδ㣬ûŹ棬ҲͲ֮ˡ

統ɽɸɵΥŹºܶࡣ
ĳͷȴʵġ


ִʦĺܣʰ磬״Ҫػҷ

Ҳɽɸһδ档
ɸʮ꣬ѱ˲¶ˣȴͷβûܹʲôط

ҹЩ棬ʵ
ӣӦɽɸΥŹĵӰɣ

治ǡ
ҡҡͷ˵
ΥŹʦʱҺõȥɸǰθ˵Ҫ츳ǹãͰɸˡ

ʱħսǿ߾ϵ
һޣ˵ŹҪöࡣŹǶģΪߵͲʵʵġ

ǲܺãζԺΪܸߣ˲ܼ
ǰθȻ׷ػӡ

ʵǰθʱҲͦġ

ػΪ⣬عء
ǰθرģһػδһаޣǿô찡

ãػһˣǷеķɡ

ΥŹⷽ棬ұԽʦġ
̾˿˵
Ҳɸʮ꣬ǧ࣬ʵ׷ϡ

ôʯ˻ӣֽӵȼ̼¯һ֪ʱǬľƣ¯ϣҺ¡

ʦʱȷͦġ
ҹ˵
СʦҲضá

֮ȽȽ
ʱʮֵľ

Ǻ֪ʦʦʱĹµģҪ뿴ûʲôʷ

ͺػ˲̫࣬ǰ˾Ѿֱǧ;Űˡ

绹ŵģ֤ػͷĹ˲࣬Ըἰ˹ľ͸٣Щ˶ǳĹ½̻磬ֻõģġ
֪籾ͲùܣҪ֪ݵػͷʱʲôӣܻЧ¶УӲùܱɹܲˡ

֪㣬ǺѳɸΪػѵǧӸġ

ʱ󣿶ɡ
ҹ˵
°ɸа˹°أһһоͱˣһ͵ľ취ߡ

һֲԤУ
ôȥģ

ɱȥġ
ҹ
С˲أҲˣƵҳ档

ʵ
ǴӮˣ

ҪϸػͷʱƺԪӤڣҹѾǻڡ

ûֳʤ
ҹ
йнһ룬Ҳˡ

ӣ֪ԪӤʱУҪʱΪʲôͣ𣿡
ҹԴ𣬵
¹ٻһ롣

磺Ǹ

ҹóӣƵ¯𣬵
ӣʵСʦ񡣡

ͷʵ
Ϊ˵Һʦأ

᣿
ҹ
ҺǧһЩ

Ƣ

ıƢ˾֪ϵƢ

̫ϡ
֪˶ף˵Ƣײ˺ֵز˵һһԲϣνʹ

ҲƢ

ػ˼ûеӣңɡ
أࡣ

ãȻ
Ҿò񰡣

ҹȴֻЦŵ
ԣϲܶࡣ

磺
˵лл

绻˸⣺
ɽôˣ

ҹ룬˵
˵ƽȣӼû̫Ĳ𡣵Ͼѹ꣬һЩ仯ġ



ڱ¿ҹ̸գԼͳҹǬĴˡ

գе˾񫡣
û˾֮еץӷεܸС

ֹ֮翴ԶӰһһס

ԭֵģĿǵɫӰʱһʱʧ

Сʦʦ֡
ժǼЩãӣѵ
㻹ǵ𣿡

磺Ҽûвӡ

ֻǾãˡ

ˣ仵ˣ
ҲûôӣֻǱ仯ˣûʲôûԡ

˵أԭǰȿһ磬Ŀⴥҹ֮󣬾Ӳֹס˽Ųͻһģֲͷǰס

ɽûٿ
Ҳûٿ󣬿űȵ޻˲Ǯ

ҹҲûɳ

ᡣ

磺Сʦ塣

š
Ӧһվһߡ

Ѱҹڵʱٺ˵ʦʦֶñط֮꣬飬Ҫڳʲô

磺
ôˣ
һǧˣʲôŤأỹΪ֮ǰвɣ

ʱҲ˵ء


ʦ֣þò

Ӧȴ纮˪һɲ׽ӽУ
þò

磺
㲻Ѿ
ҿ˵̬ȣɵһ

Щͷۣһ˵
ʦ֣ЩΣ

һڣԼ
ǰ˵ɱðǼҵĻλϰ꣬Щܹô

֮ʹĳ֮ޡ
䴦ȫ֮أȴǱĥ

̧ף˱ʳһȦ

Ȼ仯ܶ࣬ԴʱƢһ
ûн⡣

˸ǶĻ
֪ʦֺֻΡ




60.  ǻ   ҪΪˡ

һ, 漴Цˡ

˵
ʦ֣ûΣġ

, 
֪

˵
֮󣬽Ҳ
ǿʳ, ȱЩʲô, Ȳú, ʦҲõǻˡ

໹ɡ
Ҳȣʲô, Ժеʱ

Ӧ磬ȥòĻʳˡ

ҹִЦһԾ
ⱱصָҲ·չˣȥС¡

漴㻯һĨߡ

ֻʣ

翴ŷ

Ѿһǧ꣬ȴûκκۼһˡ

Ҳֻǿޡ

ʱֹһεرԹ
ÿһƢȴ, ϧϧ

Ųͷһͷڷ, ֻϣһƷ˿Ѿ԰ѩ

ʵ
ʦ, һư׷ǣ

ش
ް

ǰڱ罣, Ѱǧ֪׶༪٣ʹѡ
˺, ϵһͷɫ㿪ʼȥںڵ˪ףʧһ


绹˵Щʲô

عȥ
磬ߡ

ӦһСܼߵȥ

һͬûɻ
ףҺ񳤸һ㣿

˵
Ͳˡ

ֵ
˵ģ϶ˣ

ֱȻ
㿴ǰҾ͵΢߳һˡ

ػУչ
Ҳ͸Ӵ࣬͸ߡȥ£ı͡һֱСβ͡

ڷ߹̫·
ʱˣͻᵱӣıȻԼжˡ

ôȻʮ꣬Ӳߣǿܱƽļ

ǿ
Ҿǳˣ

ţۺͶսǿƵ˵
磬Ǹʿִ̫һ²á

磺

ЩƵ
ôͬһ㰮˵̣

Դ˺Ծʵ
ǰܰ˵𣿡

ǰ
罫һһ
ϲģʿִһ²ãŲһ²ãƫһﲻá

Сʱѧٹ˻ǰԶŲ¿ڸ֮յʮʱѧ齫ǮͷȾ϶񫡭
С˵˵ǣ䶼Ҫ˼ӡ

һ׮׮һȻ󲻷
㿴ô಻õ£Ҳûҳɳⲻǽ۷𣿡

ͷ硣
Сͷһ˫Ź⣬һֽģ

ʵ𣿡

óʵѽСʦ塣

̧֣һƳԴ档

һһ
ħѳʦţԽ񣬹Уֲ磬ȡ޳ħвʦ
ΪƫβħҲЩ˻񾳽磬㻹ͦ⣿


һԴкᡣ
Ϊʲô۷ˣڷǰôûλôͶ֣

Щơ

Ҳûͣ²
ͷ˻ʳǣһƬããѩԭ

ѩҹѩ׷ɡ
ëƵѩ˼ͷȥܿʧ

硣

绹Ϊոյ²Ӳ


ȷʵˡ
ƽ
ȻڰһվΪܲǣԸһ£Ĳǰͺܲ

Ƭ̡
üۼ佥ȾЦ⡣

漴ߣ˷ǰȥת

ϵЦ⣬һ
ηðСʦ壿Ҫ֪СʦǴҵģ

⸱װģ٩ӡ

̧

æ֣
л˵Ҫ֣

ϻֽʣɫڳ
һӴʣ˲˹󣬱ЩӨ͸Լɼǳԡ

ժǵĽʣ

ף˵
ǰڱѰġȻˣҲù黹㡣

ƽ˵·ѧãǡɼǮƽС¡

еĸӣк᣿

ǰס
Ǵʲô·飬ڱѰժǵĽʣ
ֻʣټʱǺ飿

Ҫ߽ʡ

һѿס̽Ƭ̣
ħʧħ磬һٶ㾭£



ʱֹȥһ¡

һ˱أ͡ţʳȱ֮ҲµĹˡ

æһ֮һбþ

Ż֯ѶϢ֪磬һٶؾʲô

ð䶥档
ս
ʧ١

һ׮׮һ͵÷

ǿѾʧ࣬ڰǰдʱһ

ǰȥο
һͱһذ

ͷ
һһʳָڴߣʾҪ

뿪˹

ʱ˵
ԺҪΪˡ
ⱱصص֧ϣ˿Ĵ֮

ԴĲͬ


ֲʯͷ޴

֪֮ʹȴοʹࡣ
ⲻһ˸顣

˵
˺͹нԲֱԣҪʵڱϡ

˵⻰֮󣬱뿪ˡ
ͽһˣվԭأĬ˼绰֮⡣



Юÿһ䣬˺󣬱ǶԴ·з

Ȼʦ˵ͬǱصǴǼٰġ

ֻδ뵽αװʣڱزδֳӡⱳ֮Եɣ׳Һ̡



Ǹп֮µӼ.ҵģǶŨīزʵһʵۡ

ǰΪڱǣƴһսħףҪͬھδɹȴҲ˷ǡ
˺ڱ֮ʵõԵ԰ʱǻ۷壬غǡ

д꾡

˻ǵ硣

ʱ䲻ãȴ񻹺ܳԽţҲΪ뾭ѵ֮ˡ

ɽɸµһػ֮ͽȴѳʦţħڳħ
ұΪΪħһħͷҪ´ҡû뵽λ֮һֱܵ͵κӣ֮ħڻɽɸѣħ֮һƽ͡

֮ӵ͵ˡ
˺꣬ҲûаϢ

˶֪Ϊʲôˡ
һʧˣһʧٵˣܲ͵

Ȱħrħ֮λٳħˡΪ粩ȡٳаñػعͳ֮֡

֮£ɹ

ǰɱޣɸǲʲô鰡

ʲô飬ɱ֮¶Ǵ

Ϊ洦ԶԶʤĹ

֣

Ҳô˵㿴˼ЩʵۣЩ˳̵ǻӵʱΪıȡλɹٶ£

ֹܵҲֹ

ڵ磬˵޺



˶֮ۼ.ңʿǸиĿࡣ

˿÷

̫
ȻʤǴǣʹţѺж֡

˵ú
ػδҲû˵µһ

ĵ̣ɽɸ󣬸صԼ鼰صΪˣ֮ء

̫͵̫
ӦҪΪˡ

̫̾˿

һǸŸɷ룬Ȼǿһûй˭Ϊ׵˵

̫̾ΪǲȰο
ѣҲѹС֮ͣԵλ
֮Ϊˣħ֮λΪӦ⡣ңзţػҲδӦ

̫
ѣҵǵĲ
繲֮λԸãǲᰲЪ



֮󣬱سҹʼ֮ʱѩڣ걻ѩǵأðһĨǿ̡

֮ʱ˵ǻ䡣

ۿţһʤ£Ե⻺̤̺ǰУ֮λ

λһգĺء
Ϊ˺֮⣬ɽͣʵ˵ģҲЯԱ⡣

һ֮Уλոɺһ£ѩ׹ɫڶͷüĿࡣ

ûΪ֮ضһüޣҲûС֮¶ֲá
δҲδ⡣

һյ࣬򾲣һ֮ˡ

վһ࣬üдǳЦ⡣

ʦδԸԭ֮һ֮λҲԭһδ߱δаֻǳɳˡ
ٺòˡ



۵һ룬ͱź죬һƬ֮УϢشӴ۴ˡ

ߵ˴ŷſ硣

һ·̧ͷŷ
Сʦ壬Ҷڹأҳôһ

ֱ˵ʵ
Ҫ繲

ⱱصϢڱδ뿪ֱʵǻ֪Щʲô顣

żȻ

米ǧӺͳҹ˶óƴ֡ȻдðûֹЪζһ֮¡

ʵ
Ϊʲô
ֲңֻ˵ıߣΪġ

ŲĲ硣

˵֪λãķꣿ

͵
Сʦ壬Ҳԣ֮֮λ翴Ǹ԰ȥģԼ
粻Ⱥ֮ġ

˵
ʲôģҲõģǲҵĶ֡

ȻˣػԳأҲδ֡

ǷŲġ

꣬޳ҪʲôʲôңҵֶΣҲδʹȫ




61.     ûϢôࡣ

˵Щʲô

ȴһ˫ÿü֮Цӯӯ, 
ʦ壬òжµӣͱôˡԼµ, ۵ġ

һ˵
ҲģͿһ㡣

˶Ϊֻǳ, ȴ֪Ҳʱָ˵, µ, ûҽ޵ӡСЩ֪Թٴˡ

ʵ
ﲻˣ

ӣһһߵ
￿ף

׷ȥ, 죺
Ҿﶼܿף


磬Ҫ֪֮

磺
ˣⱲȱģ֪֮

ĵǻ仹ڼӦûտ˵ĺ񡪡ĺĿ̫࣬һʱղġ

粻Żȥ

ڷߣĲߵñЩŸ, ͲԾСʱס˷ӡ
Сʱ򳣳ַѷһ㣬ȵҡ

һ, Ҳû˦΢˲ӡ

Сʦ, м㡣
̧ͷ, žЩƵա
һ̫ãƣһָѩˡ

˵㻹ǵ¼𣿡

ǵá
, 
Ҷ¼˽ⲻࡣ


ؾʱСʱģһЩȥѾ飬ֱˣô룬òԾ

ҳ¼ңһΨһŮܾ۰Ҳұʦ֮󣬲µڶӡ
һ߻룬һߵ
˵ʦʱӦûٰ㲻ᡣ
δκβᣬ뿪ˣǿҪһ㡣

ʵ⣿

˵ͷ
Ǵãʱժ˵ǻаӦİɣ

һеɵ㣬ֻػͽʱ

룬˵
ʦΪͽ£ȷ֡
ǸͺΪִҪչأͽܲԼǲյġ

ػͻȻʹһСѾͷ˵ҪΪŵӡ
ʱ͸еͷˡȰػҪܣϽСѾͷͻؼȥɿĽ֪ûȰסػ


磬Ӧ˵ԣʦΪͽΪǧӵһԤԡ

˵ͷ
һֱ粶׽Ӱԡ
ѳʦźǧӺ꣬ʱ£ǧδ£浱Ҵҥԡ


Ҳ֪ǷдԤԣҲ֪ԤݡʦΪͽ֮ǰȷʵǧ̸

ζƲǧˡ

˵
Ҫ£Ѱ¼ң޽⣬ѰʦҪȥǧӡ
ʦ˵٣̫˵ٻǧӾͲһˡ

Ĭص˵ͷ

߰ɣϯʼ֮ǰȥ

ǻڶ࣬ܳҲʲôԡ
ҪϯʼӳԷȾףǾ鷳ˡλͬ߶ȣһ࣬һҲ࣬Ҫǿȱˣɾ̫ˡ



Լһʱϯʼ

δʣλ
üĿڲȥ˪֮⣬ϲ֣֮ˣŭΣ

ʱ򣬴Ҷ֪ʡ
˭Ҳ벻һٶǰһܾͰ۵ĻѪ

벻Ҳá
˺ϣٸҳ˸۸

һذ£ұߵǰˣժǺԪӱûλ̫ˣĿ֮أòڡ

ԼҲòڣܲˡ
ϯͣΪʵǻģиˣΪǰδ繲һġ

ķϰִ棬һ򶨵ģ

ϯ֮

ռ֣輧ӯת֫趯ɴ֮䣬ǵķ顣

࿴ڹ裬ȴǲȤֺЩĲɣеɫδ仯֡

ϯҲȱȱ
Ҷʿʿմ
£Ҳòĳﱻˡ

Ψһ֧ζȻ

ʵ
Ǻ裿

ϯʵӶԴ£

Ϊ£
Цŵ
ɽ绨ѩָз顣ǧ㾰£ǺõģҶ

һ˵
ϺΣֲӰ껯ǧҲǸԪӤ㿴˼ľٹǧ꣬ҲԶԶ

ϯһƬЦ

ϲñЦˣֻһϸ˼óϷ
Ӵ֮ˣи򡣡
һϹͷΪ֮·ͷû뵽ٽһ֮ʱ䣬ɷҶ˵һ˵

Ҳ˼ҶЦˣ˵
ϺԬ˵ЦˣҲ֣ʲôľľʲôСʦͲˡ

еЦЩ

ͷһۣ
ȻʦϲǾһɡ

·ĽĬĬ
Ϊ˰꣬ΪˣľҲñȵɳ١û뵽ǻʣҲʦóʦọ̈ʦµһ

ôһʣⱱأҲǱ糹׳ˡ



һɺ֣ӿʼɢϯԺ˳

ȵЩ࣬һɢϯſ˯ȥˡժǺԪӱܴϣŰһ̯˴ˡ

ժ
ӣ繲ˣҲ¶ˡ

Ԫӱ˵
繲Ҳѽ
Ҹ粻Ҳǣؾ߸ϵʵҲżģ֮ء

ԪӱЦŵƷͦõģ˾ֻ˯֡

ժǣ
ЩԹ˵ûֵʱ򡣡

ԭЩ硣
ǽŮ˳ˣҲģ߳ȥ

ȵҲ١
ܳʱһ氮ֵУһʱ侹оԼҲеصȥˡҪߵľëַˡ
뿪˴󣬱ڻʳתתƵرűˣһ·ߵů

ůůʯһ

ϵġ

򵥡
гҹãԴѰһֲֻһܡ

һ¡

Ѱһ̳ƣҿ֮һ㡣һ̳ӦԴ磬ǧ

ཫƹУ£һһš

Щ֮һΡ



ţߡ
µ

ʲôѽġ
ӦһŮӣ֮дЩԹִżֽΡ

šš
ţĸף

سůſڿȥ

߽ԼһһͷѩɫٕiĴȻƣȴû¶һԺ

ʣ¡
ʱ£ӡеĸףҪһЩûоô˪ûʧȥֿ֮ˣûкΨһĺʧɢ
ûкӡ

һ£ұʱ£һֻ޳ָ׷֣һ˴ů֮С

˴һӰ£彣Ѱ˼ҵŮûϸױ硣ޣûз֬ûƯ·Ҳ޿ڡ

һֻһµֱۣʵ꾫㵽ʲô

˵

ĸ׵ΪʵסһŷġһʱǺ꾫꾫ؽ

ʵҲգܵ⣬˵
Һ꾫֤˰

İʲôǶԵģֻҪ⣬Ҳ֮¡

һů󣬽űסˡ

һ㡭
̧ͷһ

δȫֻһ֦ۻ

½Ūҹҹļٵصţһϲôص˰꣬˻
ҲȲȥˣҷɫ㽫˹֦ͷ仨

ڱء

ֻںܾǰ뿪ȥʱ򣬼Ƭѩֻһۣ㰮

ϧʵ̫ңȫѻ˱أлȥ

ףӦ
ͶϣŵԣǷʲô

룬Ͷûŵʵе߹˽ҡ
ֻǾãԼ׷£еûӣҲ׷˵ζҪһ¡

ǹΪΣ˵ҪҪһ

û뵽ˡ

ſССۻסδ

Ϊ⣬ʵ
һǲǲҶѰһЩůѾˣһãҲٿǧá

ŻعЦ˵
ǧѰ
һԣһòأֵðϧ

ٵ⣬ƣ
֪˵ٱˣֻһˣģҲġ

δ
ӽ˵µֻȢһޣȢĻǸ壬ܵΪѡ
ǿѪҪѪҪ±Щ˵ǰҵλ߰ɣҲˣֺеүҲʡġ

ı֤Цøˡ
߽һ·Сĵʵ
꾫ʲôʱҽף

Щŵ
ôΣ㶼ӦôһӦˣ

ŷ֣Ǹ
һ£ϲӻŮ

£

˶䣬ʮֺ游ʵĴ𰸡

µʮʢ˵
˵ֲ㣬⺢ԼġǶҾϲӣŮҾϲŮ

Ц
ף⺢һҸĺӡ

Я֣
ĸףҲҸ𣿡

ǵȻˡ

Ͳǫһ𣿡



ĸĵЦ߽ȥ

ξˣӰ١

۾ůûиףҲûĸסһڣĸκҲڶߡ

̧ͷŵ۳Ƭѩ֪صͷе
Դƣһ

ʱ֪ĺʲô
һһ

롣
һԼõص
ڼֵ⡣

Ŵ¶һǳЦݡ


ʣĸȻۣղҵȷҸ֮ˡ
ĸ֪ϲˡ

С֣ȴģɿ֮ˡ



类ס˴齱䣬˯š

վ齱ߣ˵
ֻǺ˰ˣôʲô

ϯɢ󣬷ں̸֮ժǽȥһ硣

ֻܸ˺ѣԼп̸

ժǵĻ˯

Ԫӱһߵ
ĻģҶ˵ˣ㲻š

˾粻Զĵط֪·³˯춼ѹ

ûϢôࡣ
񾲵˯գָ˿ڣ
˯һҲãҲδϢˡ

̧֣ʱһ˱ӣҴ𱻽ǡ




62.  ı   ͵ʹ

ʱ, ǰҹ

Ժ۾

ſߣȥǲģժǵ


ʧЦ, ˶ã

Ųڵȣбˮѡ
ժ˵, 
ལɵͷδʱ, ˵Ҫ, ˵˯ˣڻء

ͷ˵˯¶һŵģǲ, һôҪ˯
ΪժǺڹΪؿΪչԼĳ⣬ſڵȥˣһȾĸʱ

磺ལɣ

ժ֪ܶ綼ǵˡ
ҲԲδһЩһЩ·С

ǰȥȡ·ǣִҪɱ䭣¡ȡ·, ħrɱˡ
ժǴ˵һ£
˾Բལɡ

ħΪ, ѳɸϢ磬ལһֱԼҵӵѲĹϵ, ⺦ǡ

磺

ǲ̫ǵˡ
ʱҲпһ, ƾس湻ӵġ

˼һ
˵, ڲལУг𣿡

ժǵ˵ͷ

Щɻʵ
ңôãҪʲôѰ𣿻ָҵòȻ

Ѱӡ
ժ˵
Ҫǲͼ˯ȵȣȵϡĸʱˣٵʱҲǵȵסġ

ʧЦ˵
ժǣѧˡ

ƿ˵
ȥ



߳

ҹ磬¹ʣǺӴ׹
رѩδڣʯɴء

һԶһˡ

һѽ·ʲ̫ãͷףǱɣ
̬ŵļֻͣվڵϣס̨׶δ̤ϡ

񣬵
ӡ

ʯף̬ȿ
ʵڱǸ˯ˣúžõˡժǺԪӱҲңһͷú˵һ

ǷڴǰԼߵģ߿ԼֻнͲǰԹˣһҪôҪôġ

һܼ
ֳִĽԼҲͬһ

ҹƽͣĶ࣬ĥƽǡ

ѱ䡣
ΪĹ

÷Ļ˵Ȼλ͸չֳͬȵ

µģµġ
֣̬ǫ
ӰЪ

粻˵Щ׻
ѰҺ£

Խ£һŽ⻰˵
ǰӡ

ǰ˵ɱޣɸħˣ
ֵ׵ģʮ޵ķԷ¥ǱħɱմӵĲལɡ

֪Ϊ磬࣬ӹΰ
ŵ
ǰ֮£˼׾ǧҪȥ

˵⻰ʱЩҧгݡ

飬˵ʱֹסҧ֪ʵô롣

úԬͺκħٳɵģֻΪѸģλȨأֳһ֮ˡ

ЩЦ
δԼ繲޽֮˵ļǱѾˡ

۵Ļǽ޵Ĺͷ
Ҫ֪һִ֡ҪӡΪǳӲͷ

̨ףַλš

Ҵδȥ
˵
Ϊ㣬ֻ·ʱãǧԹ׼
ǣñħ̣ħȥˡ

һ˵
ؿ

ǲ˵٣֪˺󲻻Բལɣ㹻ˡ

Ҿ⻹δѣơ
ϴиɻǳЦ⣬
ſɷһ裬̸һ

ŵ
֮ҡ

عͷȥ
һǰһС



Զݶϣҹҡӡ
ոս´ò࣬ⱱ㿴һĻ

Ц
Ǵ
龰ɻ⣿


ʵ̫˽ˣ
͵ʹ

ǣʱ֡ЦҪάҵ¸صֻñ͵Ц͵õӣװס

ҹ棬ЩЦ˳

â¶ҲãѧҲա
ˣʼնȤ



ʣ
Ҫˣ

籧ŽվժǺԪӱ
ڱش˶ˣС˰ɣ

ҲԼҪҺܾˣҸûȥˡ
˵
Ҫǲ÷ֱɽ͡


˭úֱ

绹ڲߥ
֪æΪţæϼæĿҲæ͵У֡
ʦô͵͵뿪һ£ȸ٣ʲôġ




߰㣡

绹ִ۸ʵˣ
ô⸱̬ȣ֪ʲôλԴң¡

δ˵꣬Ѿ˿ȥˡ

סļһ磬˷

ҹЦضԽ˵
СֵܣЦˡ

˵꣬㻯һƺʧˡ

ǣһ

µ̤϶¥ҪϢȥæͻȻǻڱصȨʵǰǲиʱڡ

϶¥ŷ֣һµʱ£ڴ߳ϣͷŴ⣬һҲ

ֻԻƬ̣㷴Ӧ
뿪ķ

ʵΪβȥ

಻𻰡

Щͷۡ

سº󣬽δ
һʱͱһģ˵ǺʲôرΣյĹʹйء

Ҳδϰߣཻ

ڽĻشҪȥæʱ

ͷͷأ˪׽סһʧ䡣

𡣡


㲻ȥ׷

ӽ˳ȥʵ
ﻹʣδ



Ϸɹֱ֮ˡ

Ҫݵɽ
Ҫɽɸ

ʵ㲻ɽɸ󿴿𣿡


Щп

ɱɸ󣬲㱻ŽǱ뿪ɸ
ͺ׿ȥһ

ܳ
ԺҪһУʱٶЩ·ɸȥһ

ҪضɳѰ¼ңԼ

Ҳɡ
óһۣȥ
磬λͬ˺ܶ࣬мҪСġ


ĵ
نˣˣ߰ɡ

Ұﻰ˵

ֻǹɵĵͷá

ڷģ뿪

ĿıӰʧҰȷŷѲԼߵĶ۵ĴϿЦ

ڽˣ

װװô죬ˡ



ɽһ·ϣժǺԪӱͣͣԺ֡ؾް꣬⳾Ȥ

һ·еǻ
֮ڵɽ¡

̧Ŀȥ

ɽǰûʲôͬʯңڱ̴ɽɫ֣֮ʮ
Ҿͷ¥󷱻һɽϳǡ

ҲЩͬ
ɽľ꣬ϸѾ׳֦Ҷïھ޴󣬷ȥһƬдС

µĺۼ

£̧ȥɽ󷨡ȴˣƬ̡

磺
ҲԣȥǸûŽˡ

ס󷨣ٽŽǽԼΪʹЩɣƹŽɽ

ߵòһ̤ϣɽС

ʱ˴ɽˡ

ʦ

̧ͷЦ䭡

µħѪ꣬Ѿꡣ˾ʱĺƴɫ·һ£Щ

ϸϸƬ̣˵
䭣ˡ

Щ˼
ҲûС

ǫʲôǽˡ
ǰȥ߹˵
˵˵ɽЩı仯ɡ

ʵɽЩ귢£Ѵӳҹ˽⡣ֻҪᣬͽܶЩˡ

ҹ˵

ڣٶ㲻ÿ죬ҲԺãֻҪϼ֣Ȼܹɾһ

ҹ˵Ϸ顣

ޣ䭵״ɽ䭺ĸദʮ꣬½ȼƵҩΪĸ١

ĸֻǸ֮ˣûΪ٣Ҳһٶ

ʮǰ䭵ĸԪѾ
һʮ꣬ڷ˶Ǹ٣֮˶ԣȴֻǳĺ

䭾Ψһıʹ

ҹʹ֪࣬Ҳû۵ķֻҪĸڹУֻأ顣

䭾ܾˡ

ҹ
ͬ˵䳣̬
Ҫ£ĸֻأǾĻǣɶ޽ѣ˭á

һף̫ѡ
ջҡи֮ȴ˳س̬֤ļѡ

ʱصڡ

˵࣬Ψδĸ֮¡Ҳʡ

С
ʦ˴𣿡

Цŵ
Ҳһ죬һʦСʦĺбޡ
ڻС

䭲⡣
ΪβУ

˵
䭣ֻһͽܣһûаұѧ㣬֮ǰҲȥң

Ǹʦģдҵκ



ܿɽ

Ҿͷһ£ں۱߽¶һغɫ׺һ䲷ޣ

վ󷽡

ˣǳЦ
ǧʦ壬ʦ֣һˡ

ǧӼ
á

翴ǧӣкܶ໰˵ҲкܶʡɣҲ֮£ػͽ֮¡

ǧӿ米Ԫӱ˵
֮УлԵ˾ƣϺȣһ߳һ˵ɡ

罫̻ظУЦʵ
ֻϺȰ

ǧʣ
бԵģ

ߵߣɽ¥ߣһһ˵
з

ǧӾܾҪ
ɽûз

ɽУٲϷǻиҲзɷˡ




63.  ǳ   ѿˡ

¥

ɽ¥δ, ֻǶ˼ɽˮͼװǽ棬ʱõƷǵǧϲ, δۣˡ

ʦƷ

ǧӻ, ˼ɽˮͼƴһ, о¾ƴ, ߷ͼһɽˮ齦, ҲɽҰľԴ

ʱûǮʮ˷ɽˮͼһپǮ
ǧ˵
һʼͼܱˣ˷ػͼת֣۸Ҳˡ

ǧҡҡͷǾÿϧ
ʮ˷ͼ÷ɢ, δ˲ʮ˷ͼƴ, һ
ɽˮʮͼʮ, ûյ

磺

ΪʲôҪôļǮػƷȥٻʮ˷ͺ, ֲܾ

ȥǮǽػǽ˵

ԽԽÿ

Ҳû˵, ǧ˶¥

곣ųϰһӣһ̽ӣֻС룬һơ

ϺƤɼڷ
Ϻһ֪óԡ

һֻӣϺȼһ룬óժǽһݸԪӱ˵
ҺǧʦӦҪ̸ãǾĺͲڡ¥ϺһȥǱ߳԰ɡ
˿ɽһ棬ɽкܶСأ̽պȤ

Ԫӱ˽ӺͽЦŵá

ǧӿ뿪

ǧӵǡ

ؾ֮ãԪӱ
ǰ£ӣ˵
һЩ£ҽ

ûֱӸǧӣԪӱǹ

ͬ
Լ˵Ǹ㡣

ڰǰŻ᲻ʲô£ǧӺгڣ֪ǧЩԾ޷ȫȻΡ

ǧ˵
ԭʧٵİ꣬ؾֲΪǵ졣

˵ͷ˵
ͳ¥򲻹ˡ

ǧҡҡͷ
ȥɡ
СʦƼȻ㡣

磺
Ѿ˲ٵˡ

ڷѾɽɸˣ˶ô

Цŵ
Ҳ򲻹ˡ

ǧʧЦ˵
⵹Ҳǡ

Ϻȣҧһڡ

ǧӻ
硣

Ű̧ͷ

ֻ˵ĲޣдǳǳЦ⣬ǳһ㣬˵
ƽʲôá



ӣ˾ƣǧӳ̸һһٷѾ̫䲻ʱˡ

߳¥

ɽţ˵ٲϷĺϣҵԪӱժǡ
Ͱں׷зߡ

װϺȵںߵʯͷϷţѾˡⰮĶûĻ¥ֱɽ׽зˡ

ֻã
ժ˵
ɽɸʱȺ飬϶з࣡

磺
㲩Ⱥ鶼Щʲô
ǰĻӣͼзࣿ

罫ϴˣֽժǽĽʯͷϰһԼ䡣

屻ժߣ
磬ǧӳ극

Ԫӱʵ
зʲôԾ𣿡

ҡҡͷش
һ㶼ûС
ΪҲҪ繲£ֻҰȫһƬģ

Ԫӱ˼Ƭ̣
һƬģʲôʣӦÿֱ

ҡҡͷ

ܷõһ¡

ǧ˵ĺϸ
Щ⣬ʳ֮ǰǧӶһƬġʳ֮ǧǸеɣıˣı㲻һˡ

Ǹ̰֮ˡ
֮ɣֲǧӵġ

ԪӱҪ˵Щʲô

˵
ˣܾͲٸҰϺˣзˡҪĽ

ԪӱժǶɴ۾

ժǵвС
Ԫӱ˵ǻǲ˰ɣϺȺܺóԣзһҲܺóԡ

磺
ʱ˵Ի˼򵥡

תҪߡ

ժʵҪȥģ

ȥһλˡ
ش
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64.     Ѿ򲻹ˡ

, ɽɸ

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һԣ⸱ģ, 
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츳Ȳ磬ȴػͷҪáһٶѵĩڣٹӦҪԪӤˡ

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˵ѧôЩʹʧȥص㣬¡ûУڵҽͽ涼ܳɫǸȫš

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Сʦ壬ҺҵȰͽܡ츳̣ʵ˷Ѱ

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֣˸ִ˴Լļ

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ˡ

Ӽ״Сʵ
ʦ֣㻹𣿡

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ȻҪ

ֻȥָĽˣֲ뿪ˡ
Ԫ׾ԼҪǸҳô˻͵УһʱСʦܹȡ



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ԭǴֱӻɸġ
¼Ҫһ¼

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񣬰ȥǸ˼ӦҲˡ

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ƽǺɳǲ̫һֵ仯
ֻǳеĻԱȥӡӦǰ֮ǰɾ˼֮¾˸߼ҺƽǣŻᵼ˱仯

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ժǿֵ
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ļ˱ڽֱߣ񣬴ʱ䡣

̽Ż


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󣬲Ͳ˵ˣȫ¶֪

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лһйһµӣĽҼһԨԴϡ

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ƽߣʮа˾ŶǱȥġ

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˵
ȫɽʤꡣⶫûȱһ˵

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Сʦȵġ

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òˡ

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˵꣬㽫鱾һţȥˡ

ǸеЩͷԣҲһǸʮֿɿ֮ˣԸ֣ɸİȫӦǲҪˡ



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ջɸƹɽ󣬻·ĵϷɸӣδɸΣ
һƴգݲ롣

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ϸѰһ֮㿴Ԥ֮еˡ

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Сʦ壬һˡ


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㲻

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ô⸱ģѹʵүүˣ

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к⡣

ʱЩͷۡ
ϣԼСͽǧҪΪѧ

оǳѧ
ѧ֮˺ѧԼһħͷ˼֡




65.     ػĿɳ

ԪЦ˵
ʶ, Ҳʡҽˡ

翴Ÿ˳İһͷȴѾñԼˡ

ֻ, ջЦŵ
, 㳤ˡ

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óˡ

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Ȼѵûãȥɡ

Ԫ˵
ȳȥɡʦֺʦʦɡ

ǡ
ʮֲᣬһͷ뿪

߳ԶԶؿ

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Ԫ׺˵Ц, ҲʱʱӦһ䡣

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Ҳ˽ȥ
ɶ˽, ĹҪʸ񵽴أ

, ԼһҪŬС

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Ӻ
ʦ, Ҫȥ

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ʦ츳ûŬ϶ԪӤǻ, һɾ͵ġ

δ޶ˣҡҡͷ
⻹ԶԶ

˵꣬뿪ˡ

ֻվԭأɫãȻ
ʦôˣ



Ǳ뱱ʳǣǵĲ˻ɢǰԱԪͬھڱħ
ڴָһһ
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Ԫױ⸱ԹģЦˡ

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Сֹ
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ǱƢߺߵýˣûġ

ػСľݡ

СӦʹ濴Ų󣬿һ߽ᷢ漫Ϊݻʽ¥ͬĲ֡

ػʽʱĵطǶ¥賤齣ϰСһơ
ʱػһƣһ߿ʵɽ

ڳ齵һ£
ʦһ¡

ػһƣһߴ
£

ʵ㵱Ϊʲôҵͽܣ

ػƱǰЩɻ
Ϊλʣ

罫Լþһһ˵
ʦΪͽʱҵķӦԼ⣬ǰѰɳǣҪһȴ¼

ػʣԲң

˵ͷ
ʦһ£ûʲôԾĵط

ػ¾ƣ˵
Ҳ˽¼ңҲ֪кβԡֻܽͽһ£ȫ㽲кβ֮Լжϡ

ͷ

磬Ӧ˽ҵѲʺͽҲȷͽܡ
ػ˵
Ϊλ㡭⣬·ǣһǧɡ

ĵ¹Ȼǧʦйϵ

ǧʦ˵עĸͽܣСĵѳڶɳ¼ҡȰȥ¼ңͽܡ
ػ̹Ȼ˵
ȻǾܾˡҵʱͽ޷Խ粻ա

ػ˵ʵ
Ϊأ

ĵˣػʧЦҡҡͷ˵
ǧʦһ¼ң˵Ҽ㣬Ȼͻ㡣

ЩãȻؿ

룬аšǧʦ˶ģ¼һС
ػ˵
ұ㣬硣ұ¶Ĳͽɵһ㣬ұ֪ҵͽܡ
츳ĸǣڶ˵ػĿɳ𡯡




66.  ·   ҰǶɱˡ

񡭡

, ػͷһ㣬̿ɳ
иˣǰͲɳ

, ʿʵ֮⣬ʮעصλǵǱ˵츳Լ, ᳬԽԼ, ˶Ͷܡ

ʱԴʮֲм
ôעسĵλʲôʱִߡ

ػʱֻͷ, ˵
磬츳̫ã֮ࡣ
ϴ󲿷ʿǷ˵, ˴ֻλ

ʱִֵرֱۣ˵
ΪʲôҪ֮ࣿ

⻰ǷȻҪᵽϴⲻһͷΪ⻰һ޸˵ģ뷨һ޸еġ

ػȴȽ, ߣ
, ֪ͻħ֮ʲô

ֱ, ػҡҡͷ, ׷ʵ
ʲô

֪𰸣𰸺Ȥӽ, ʤҲأĵλȤ

ʱ̫أǸõʿ

ػ򲻻ѵ硣
˵˭Ҳܹ̫ģǶˡ

ңҲδضǻ¡
ʱܹУȷ·

ػ׵Сͽܣ˵
ͻħõ츳Ϊ
ΨһĲֻġ

ãȻģ

ػ˵ͷ˵
һ֮ܶġ

£ػ뿪ʦȥˡ

۾鷿գ˼ػĻٴ߳鷿ʱĽݣΪǶ˺ܶ࣬ʼԸȥ۲ˡ



ʱصڡ

ػڳһ࣬Сͽεģɻ
磬ôôãǷʲôԾ𣿡

ҡҡͷ˵
ûֲԾֻʦܺá

ħΪıԼʦŵ˶ƫ棬ɱޡħˡɸԽ񡢹вʳ硭վĳΪ˻ħ
ɵʲôأ
Щһֱ׽֮ˣػµһӣ

ػЦʣ
ˣ

ӣƺػһơ

ػһ¡

ǰʱڷǰ࣬ȴҲĶࡣ
ദʱͽܸʦ赹ƣǷҪʦźͽܡ

¾ƺڳ齶棬Цŵ
ʦﶼá

ػʱ䲻࣬ػѧĶȴġ

δΪˡ
ӵһܼ֮ģ䣬ǻħ

Ưü΢΢˵
ллʦԸΪͽ

ػ٩
磬ɣʦЩӦ

ҲЦЦЦ̬֮գ
ʦɲУͽܶãû

ػסǱƣת˻⣬˵
ȥ¼ң㣬ҪΪͽκηԣӦˡ

ʵʦûʲôԾ

ػҡҡͷ˵
ٵδʲôԡ
ɵ꣬Է飬һֱƶǶ֪ĸŮаȴ֪ⰮǸʲôģ

ԣʱδ¼ҸĸԶŮ޲ᣬʲôԾĵط

ػƵزһ䣺
ң磬ҽǰ̹Ϲݡ

磺
ˣȫµˣϸ뵱ػͽܡһػҪԼҹŮΪͽܣȻҪŮ͡

ػôĸԾأ
̫Ծˡ

һס

һػͷԶϾˡ¼ػʲôԾ֪֮˾ֻʣǧӡ

ػ⸱ģ˵
磬úΪ𣿡

˵ͷ˵
ʣµ·ֻȥǧʦʡ
Ҳǧʦ֪һ

ͷžƱԵ˵
δرлģһȴġ

һУȴﶼòԾ

ΪǧӶػΪͽܣ¼û˿ǧָ㣬з£¹
ãһƺΪ׼õġ

ػ˵
磬һ·

̧ͷʵ
ʲô

ػȪ磬

磺

Ƭ̣ʵ
ʦ㶺أ

شһڴ֮ҵϸ
ȷܲ鵽֮ܲ

˭İ취

ػݵ
ֱֲֲǧӣֻȥѰ·𣿡

磺
㾹Ȼ

üһµһˡ
·ߵʱ򣬾Ȼȥ·ߡ

ʵһˣȥ磿ʦʶ𣿸ҽһ¡

ػҲʶˡ

磺
ҪػʦҪӴˡ

ػ˵
㲻ʶҹ𣿡

磺Ŷ

ν£˭ܱȹ˽أ
ҹһӹӳŻУң⣬ڹͨϡǰ͹綷Ƕºܶ꣬һϤ硣

ˣͳҹһȣʲô

лʦָ
ػͶء

ػЦŵ
磬Ӧߣʦưɡ˳㣬˵һ˵ʱĸ⡭

ǻʿϰߡ
޵ػֻһŵľˣ˷ԼãҲȡɾԼ

Ҳ˱̸ġ
ӷػ㽻̸ģֻǧˡ

ڷ
ڷҲǧһΪػָԽûʲô̸ġ

Щţ
̸򣿡

ػ⸱ģͷЦŵ
ǰ糤ˣˡ



ɽɸ

뿪֮
嶢Ԫ״񣬼Ԫʲôë󣬱뿪

ȥ󣬿ʲô飬ľͶȥ鵥ɾ

·оЩѰĶ
̧ͷԴȥ󷽵СɽǰҪѧ帽޽µĽƺϰĽ

ͣǰĽŲתСɽȥ



һ޳ὣĽʽһӳɽвԴɰܺӲҶƮҲ׷׵¡

һӵĲƯ
ϵпڲƽǱһëߣζĽ

ŴҪٻһ

ž𽣣޳ָںסĽСָϸȴǧ֮ĽһסӲˡ

ʦ
ֻ󴦵ɫϳ˵ݡ

ſ˽
ұȽ˽ɽϵɰ𴦡

ָ𡪡̫̣ˡ

תԷͷ
Բʦ

ʵ
нΪ˼ȴֱ£

ɽɸеǮҪپж١

Сͽܡ
״̬ԣʲô


ʦҡ

䣬ڽƺ֧һӣšһ£
˵

һ¡
˼˺һƺ˵ڣƺĥβ˵ס

Һ֮ǰ˽ʱ䲻֪ݣȴһֱʱţһ죬ҪΪһˡ
ΪеġҶ˵ʺܺãڶõ츳Ҿ׷ϣ֮ܿˡ

˵˵ţͷ˵
ҹ֪ҵĶ˽㣬츳һʦ㡣ҷҺԶԶǵһ㣬Խ

ʣ
ʦ̬ˣ𣿡

شĸɴࣺ
ǡ

ͷ˵̡

˵
֮£ܱȽϡ
̲סȥȣҲܺȡף츳ҲѰһΪǼ٣ġ

磬໥Ƚϣ໥׷ϣδһ¡
ػĿ꣬־
Ҫ統Ŀ꣬Ǿֻ˵벻

ʱ򶼻ãԼӽŰ꣬͵ˡȻ껯۷壬̬ҲҪ

˵ǣס

Сͽ˵
֮ˣߵøߣеԶͬʱҲƽƽ·˳졣
֮ȱıʱ䣬еһЩʣյͬģǷûбҪ׷

˵ͷ˵
ֻ뿿һЩ

ûǱʾͬ
ϽǺ¡

Ÿ̧ͷʵ
ͬʱҲҪУ𣿡

üۼ亱¶ЩЦ⣬
ܴϻۣܶԼףе·ȻߵúԶ


Щŵؿŷ
ģʦȻˣ̫߳ˣ



뿪ɽؾʱЦЩƮƮȻʦԼҲָˡ

ҺժǺԪӱɸ棬ûиһȻƼ⸱ģժǿ϶ҪЦֵģ˻ֳ⸱ɵģ

ԼΪ̫ˣëַˡ

ˡ

ڶϣܳ˳ǵûĻСʦͶʦֶ˵ʦʶҲⶫϵһؾչţ

ȥˡ
˳㳯Nɪһ£Ѿ۷ˣΪԶԶˡ

˵

ǬóһСֽǧӽļ򵥲淽λ
ʱѰʶڵСؾ

Ҳһϵĵ졣
ϱ鲼ɽ壬ɽвԴľٲˮ

ֻһۣ֪ʶ۱չصؾںδˡ
ǰС˵ľؾٲĵطٲˮ֮󣬱Ȼһ졣

ƿˮʯ߶֮¶һȻˡı顣

ʯ߶󷨽磬ǵ֣ҲǷֹ޹˵ȴ룬˶֮ڵС
Ҫ룬Կڶ䷨ţõؾ֮е˵

һ߳

ֽӡԼɵ󷨽磬зĴ۸ġ
Ƭ֮֡
Ӷ룬޸Ĺû˿ķӦ

һϢ֮ߣһ˼ҪôŴʦһأ
棬붨һ۱㿴취᲻еķʱ䰡

һ˼ţһߵܿʶ۵λá˲ֹס˼˺һɶʯסԼΡ

ʶû붨ţ

ʯĿǱߡ

һʽӷİ½ϥʯ̨ϣȻʵı佣ϣ޳ָ⸧

䣬ϵʱһʹɣ

磺

佣ʲôʱˣ
佣ⲻǺúõ

ʯ棬üôʦָģ̫Ծ

һֱ֪ʦֺܰ
ӡʦһĮ飬ڱԽ¶˳̬֮

ȥ

䣬Ҳʹࡣ
ʶִ佣̧ͷɫĻ信ϣ¶һǳȴ͸ұ֮еЦ
ٵȵȣҳȥЩŪɱˣͲˡ




67.  ̬   5000ӪҺӸ

ʶ̧ͷɫı佣, һ˫а֮ӿԷħ̬֮

磺

һԼĴȡ
þС, ʹ

Ρ

Ƿʲô£
ʦֺö˶˵ģô
һ⡣

뿪

겻ɽɸ, ʲô, 岻, Ҫ˿ȥ
ȥСʦͶʦ֣úһʣʦ߳ʲô¡

ת, ҪʱϢ뿪

ʶۺȻ˭

磺
Сʦ岻˵㻹û
һԪӤڣôô㣿

ȵȡ

زЩ֮Ŀһ̽ʱȻ

ʶԪӤڣ
Ѿǻˣ

Ĺʶ޵Ľ

⹦ĺܣؾ̨֮ͨԲһʿ, ڰ֮ڴԪӤڣڡ

ʶ۵츳, ʱ˾ǻڡ

ôأ

ʶ̬֮Ȼ˴𰸡
ħˡ

ʶ˼, Ϊλħ
״̬˲, СʦͶʦΪζûв

ǰ˵ű佣Ժϡ

Ϊλ˵
ô֪Ժ飿

⣬֪˭Ѱһ𰸡
Ĭվԭأ˼֮, ȻоһԼϮ

ʶὣ

ɫժϣɢΡǰһضϵʯ̮¶󷽻֮ˡ

ʶ۳ֱ佣ؿʯˣ˭ʶס


סժǽ
֮£޷ƽƹȥˡ

ʦ֣ˡ

ʶɫδֱ֣佣ָ磬ʵ˭

磺

Щ£˵
磬Сʦá

ʶЦһ
ʦˡ

һ
ûֻʧˣһˡҵʱǷδһһδеĽԼ

ʶβ
аħҪƭңʦҪ֮ң

ʱҲЩˣ
õժǽ

ʶ۳ֽϣ
аħҽձҪ㣬Σ

磺

ʶ۽ŵʯ̨ӶбɫֱţҪ˺ƤִҪһĺ壡

һкڽסһ
񽣽һֻл֣עɨʶۣ

ʶս

ɨĽ׷ȥ
֮У½.ʯֱ⽣ֱײϣһ۶ϣ

գ֮䣬⽣ѵʶǰ

ʶὣס
ǿվȣ

аħаħȥүаħ
ὣָʶۣŭǣ
ʶۣˣֻһħģ

ԭΪԼе񾳽磬ƢˡϾԼ޵ķǶսʱϲŭɫ

ڤ粻Ľޣ֪ԼƢж౩ꡣ

ʶɫԭġ

һ¶Цݡ
ЦʱУħӿҪϽԨһ

ħ
ִ佣˵
ħȴħδħȴƤаħ

ڵʯĽۣҶҡţСһʯͷ䣬켴̮

ʶվʯ֮£㲻˵
ˣխݲñԼģñԼõġ㣬Ҫֶεȥٵ
ģħа񶾡

˵ħ޴֮Ҫɲɾħȥ֮

ЩߵĻ֪Ƿħ

ʦ֡
һӳҶ֮
ʱ֮䣬ʯɽٲˮԴʧ֧ţ£伲Ҫʶûѹ˺Ƭ

Ǳˮʶʱȴϵܶ˿

ʯ̮ٲ
õͷ֮£ָ֮ʶۡ

ֻ֮񣬲á
˵
ۣģԲ̬ˡ

ʶü
ҵΪ磬Ҳ̬öࡣ

ҡҡͷ
ħԻ·˲һٶҲȥֻԼĿ

ʵЩָо

ħʱҲһС
ɱޣɱѳɸ󡭡δκ˽ͣЩ£Сʦʦͷǰν

ʱããܶǽͲģֱˡ

룬ҲδȻ
Ըͣʦʦ治𣿲á

·е̫ƫִҲ̫ףúܶԲСʦʦǡ
ҵǣĽܲ

ʦ֣便Σˣٺú÷ֱɣ

ժǽ̤ϣ
ѳаħİ½ޣһ

ʶ۳ֱ佣ȫȥ


죡
ನɢʱ֮䣬ɽʯߣ죡޴ξɽɸ󣬽Ǳɽŵɽߵҡһ£

ͷųסͬʱȴҧأŽѹȥ

նҪڴ˰ʶۣιȥǸʲô

ʶ˿á
סһѾѪ֮ȴ˿иƺҪѹס磡

Ϊ硣
ּƴľȴûеġһҲƴֻڲʶ۵״´Ӯһܡ

Ӻǵ˴ʱǺ߳Կ

£
һ

Ԫ׺ͷɸ֮зɳһߴ㿴νԵʦá

δǶ˷Ӧ

Ѿϵˣ
ʶ˳ӽƥЯ˾磡

絲סһ

δЪ
ʶ֪ԼĶ֣ս뿪

ԪҪȥ׷

׷
סˣ
ھǸӣ׷ȥֲá

Ԫɻ£

绺һ
ħˡ

Ԫ׽һ
Ҳû뵽ʶۻħ

ǽʱʱȥ̽ʶ۵ʶǰʱֵʮ

ʵ
ոʤΪȴˣ

ˣеı佣Ҫˡ
˽˵
Ҳ֪Ϊλħ֮ǰ̬ӦúͽѲ˹ϵ佣ˣֻ»ħø

һʱ䲻֪˵Щʲô

ҡͷ˵
һʱ˵Ҳûʲôͷкܶ෴֮ϸڣµúú̽һܸôһ¡

Ԫ׿˿磬
Сʦ壬ʦãҹ۴ʦٶȣӦ׷ʦҲ˵ˣʱʺȥ׷
ǾȽ⵺޲һ£ɸ˵ɡ

Ԫ˵֮󣬱ͷҲصطȥ˵ϣʼ֯󷨡

Ԫ׵ıӰ
ôöʦҲ̫Ծ

ߣ˵
ʦħ֮£ºѲ˸ϵ

磺

šü
ңң
ôǣϻûֵĵط𣿡



⻹һμ籩굽̶ֳȡ
ЩɣߵĲ磬һԼ




68.     ֻҪʣһɡ

ɽɸ, ¥

硢Ԫߡ

֮СϷһ裬ҶֻȡһѿһҶë⣬ɡ

˭Ҳû˼Ȳ衣

Щ, ҺСʦʱʱȥ̽ʦֵ֣ú, Ҳûܵħ
Ԫҡҡͷ, ˵, 
ҲûзǺʱڵġ

˵
һ£ǻڣǻڡ

˵
ϰĹĽ, 츳ⲿֻܻڡ

˵ͷ˵
ħʹ˹

һ֮˵ó˽ۡ

˵
ħѻֻһֱǰαװԼ

Ԫʵ
ΪҪ

˵
±Ʒ
Уܿһһ޵Сɱܶ, ϣӵ

̨ͨʮ㻯ˣְ, ԼΪ˻۷ųء
ΪٳĵһǷ, ڶ˾ҡû㹻, ºܿͻΪ׹ǡ


ؿһۡ


ԪҲĸ

Сʦòǵħ߻ħˣʶ۵ͷͷǵ

翴ˣʵ
Ҵʦ־ħ



ԪֻԼ, ˵
ǰʱһ֮ˣӣ˴ʦֱչصСؾ
ʱϳħ׵ƣûȥСʦϵ֮ѾʦɱˣʦҲûʲô״

ԪЩգ
룬ʦֶʱͳ⡣

ʵ
֮ʲô

Ԫҡҡͷ˵
ʦʱδ˵Ҳûϸ¡Ūôһ£Ҫһҡ

Եɡ

Ҳҡҡͷ˵
ʦ֣ǻȥɾҲˡֹﲻæӡ

Ԫʵ
Ǵʦô죿

ĬƬ̣˵
һЩͷ

Ԫʣʲôͷ

ûлش

ǧ˵֮ˣЩӵͨδܵġԵǧʱŻ󣬲ʹ

ʶŵЩʲôϣ˼̫ǿʦѾˡ

˲ȴס

ⲻԭľ
޼ʶ۵츳ħڹʶʱ侮ʯʶս佣ϣ֮ʱħɽ

ǰαװӣʶ۱չصСؾ֮ˣܿʲôصķʶۿԭеδ

ʶ˶ħ׹ħ


ûлشԪ׵⡣

йԭĶ̫˵
öʦֺСʦֻ֪һеĽɫԭ

˵
ڵ֮Ū״ʦʲô취ֻħδΣ֮£ȻѣҲǻ·ߡ

ʶԭĽһ㣬¾ħ飬Ҳûлͷ֮·ˡ

ʵ
Ҫֹ
磬㵱꣬ħȴʼδħħҪͷֻܷΪ

Ԫʵ
ʦܽĽ𣿡

ʶ۵ѾСҪ߰ˡ
߰꣬ŵ˻ڣΪ߰Ŭһ

Ϊϵ֮ʶѹܹĽ

ĬƬ̣˵
ǵһЩİ취

绽룬Ÿǧӡ
д˵£ǧӣʶ֮³ȥΪ⣬ⷨ

ֻ룬
Ҫʶ۶һĽޣϰŵ֮˱ѣҪκײͽ

Ԫ׼æ˼Ƭ̣˵
ʦãɷһֻ

ڸӶʵ
Ҫʲô

дһ顣
Ԫ˵
飬ȻҪҴ𰸡

ͷҲδ̧˵
ʦ֣ǽ¸֪壬ⲻõֻø鷳

ԪʧЦʵ
ʦ㿴˴𣿡

ͷͬʱ̧ͷ

Ԫùֽʣдŵ
Ҷδ飬˼֪Ƿ񰲺ã

Ԫд໰ܽĸ֡ˡ

Ԫ׽ۺãСϵСͲŷɡ

Ԫص˵
ٵһЩʱգͻдˡ

磺
ʱͼ᲻Щ
ֲɵ㲻ʵĻǲܽʦֵġʦ֣㵽ʲôù



ޡ

ʶۿ˿Լ֡
ʿٶȼ죬֮ǰڶ˶Խ˺ѡ󲿱Ѫ˺۽ϣʹڡ

ǸŮޡ
ȻǸðʦõаħòϣаħĽǸ֮߳Խʹ졣

Ҫһаħսһʤ

ʶ۷֣
ˣȥѰҲü

һִı佣ϣڶ޻Ұϼߡ

һƬҰ֮ǰ

ȿģҲȳӦùң

ļֻ˺ĺȣҵļ˺Ĳӣɱֻ꣡ҵģ

ʶǰм

ǰԻһֻѩ׺ꡣڽѪ֧һ֧ںȣһ֧ڲӲѾ͸ˡ

ԻһһĹࡣ
һѾԵƺ̲סҪˡ

ʶǰȥ
λ

Ի̵
С磬

˵ˮһ㣬һһ˵ˡ

ʶûϸű佣ֵֻһĺԱǼβֳͣ롣

ʶǳЦŵ
һһ룬㲻ˡ

ԻƬ̡

һ
вҪľƤѺն룬ѾֵǮˡ

һԻ侲
ƺǸޣֲõģ߰ɡ

˵ԻڸеЩɵˣһͬ뿪һߣһߵ
иʲô°ǻ

ʶָĦű佣Ľ˵
䣬Ҫֹ˸ɸ꣬ƽΪң
Ϊ˲

߷һָű

ɱ佣ش

ʶһƬĬ֮мԶߵɽȥ



Ƶʮգʶ۲ԼĿĵأԽɽ̳

֪Ƿ
õǷݼԽɽ̳ģȻЩƾɣٴ濴ǲġ
Խɽֻ̳վſڣɿưܺͻ

Խ˵ĵҲ١

ʶſվãеӳӭǵƾɣͷҲ̫á

ǵӵ
ɳԽк£

ǵ´ʶۣ
ɳǸޡ뽣˵𣿡

ʶһ˫ﷺŹ
սԽ񡣡

ǵƬ̣ƺʹţɫò̫ÿ

Ȼάһò̬ȣ
ɳںҿЦأԽûˡ

ʶɻ
ûˣ

˵⸱ģƺڿЦΪԽڡ

ε
ǰûˡɳǲǱչ̫ã֪·չ

ʶûзϡ
ǰСʦؽ˵ΣֱˣűųһξͽСؾչأȷ֪¡

ǶμԽӦûڲŶԡϾǼУ⽣䣬ٻˣԼ

ûأԽԼûˣ

ʶʵ
ûģ

˵ӻش
ǰûˣˡ֪˭ɣǰɸͽѾˡ

ʶ۵ͷĬЩ䲻Ϣ

˵Ӳ̫ὣ¡
ΪԽ䣬˲Żڽ˳֮£һ겻ܣ֮䲻û䡣

˵ӿʼˣ
ɳ£뿪ɡ

ʶȴߣ̧ͷ
Ȼѻ٣Ǳֱӽһˡ

˵Ӳ⣺һ

ʶסγ佣
·ɣһɽ֮߰ˣȴħӿа쳣


ԽҪЩ

˵ģЩ£
ѰסԼĽʵ
ɳҪ

ʶ۵Խ˵

ǵ⻰־ŭ
ǿ־塣

ʶ۰ν֪Լ˵Ϊر

˵Ҫͷ
ҪߣҪн֮ҲϽ

κζ

ʶѾ
ƤգĹǱƯıɫ뽣˵ʺֻһ֮

ۼҪΪ°׹ǣǵӾر۾

ʶۺһ̳

ǱñʺʧȥĽ˵ӣȴڴʱһƺ

ʶۣ

ҪսǺȴԤһ㣬סĽ棡

һöĵͳڲԶ𣬴ĵ٩֮⣺
ƣҿʲôµһʦĴͽܣɽɸʽδķȻ۸һΪڵСޡ
ɳǡ߰

ʶۿԴͷ

ɫۣһµĹһȣһְŽ˵ӵļ
ǽ˵ӱŵɫ԰ףԺ͹޲Ұ׵ķɫһϸ¡

޴ݵЦţ
ɳʶ𣿡
ҹ֮ʦı۰򡣡

ʶ۵Ľ׼˵
ʦˡ
ңţҲֶһ𡣡

ҹЦ⣬
˵ĲķĲᣬʶۡ

ʶ۲˵ϻбɫһӣһնҹ

ҹιȡ
ǽɲǼ䣬㻯Ϊɢ

ʶ̽ҹӰ

Ҳȥ׷ЯŽԽˡҪԼ˵Ļ⽣˳׸Խɽ̳еĽޣһҲȥ

˽̳֮ʶ۷֣̳һҲޣֻ˸о̹Ǻɭɭ

ҹȵߣ
ɳԽ֮ˣϤߡ

ʶ
ҹң

ҹ֮Ц⣺
׷ǡ׷ңҲɳı¡

ʶ֪ҹǹڵ
ݲơҪ޼ʶִ£ŭǺεȵĲǡ



֮յ봫š
һۣ㽫ŵݸԪ׺ͷ

¥·ϣ˴ʦ֣Σβ.ա
˵
Щʦ˺ʿ̸ĦȻ˵ʱЩëȴûЩ˶֡

Ԫһʵһ˵ʶë֪

Ԫ׵
ˣٺòϢ


󣬴ʦȥԽɽ̳ҪɱԽ˵нޡ

Ԫף
ոǻ͵û˵ɡ

˼Ƭ̣
ֻнޡ

˵ͷһ䣺
ԣǸգħҲֻнֻԽ޶֡

ּ
ҳ¥ڣԽ֮ˡʦ׷ɱ¥¥ǽ˻˵õĻĽҰߡ

Żʿ׷ԼŶԷĴ£Ҳֻгҹٶȳ˵Ĺõ

˵
¥ȡʱ䣬ǱҪ¡һҪеĽ޲ڶҪҳôʦָֻİ취

˵
׷ҹã

ҡҡͷ
֪

˵
ôνȡʱ䣬ǸȨʶеĲ̫ˡ

翴
Сʦ壬˼ǣ

ش
ȨҪյǵСƷʶۣԵѹħr֮סֱҵָٷ

ҡҡͷ˵
˵ʵⲻ̫ס
ھǸӣͲҪҴףҪڲƷѹʵ̫ˡ

һڲ裬˵
˱ˣֻҪʣһҲȱ첲ȣұҽ

ĬƬ̣İ
Ǻãɡ
Сʦ壬Ҿһ˺еࡣ˵Χôǰӱ͵Ϯ

ۣ
ԾҲɣڵΪҲҵĶ֡

ֵ
Сʦ壬ڱ͵ϮɣǸҽޣ˽壬͵ϮʱֱȽ׼

ʵҲͦ׼ġ
׼һǴʱҪ׼Ҫʶˣֲڶ

Ԫף

ʿ˵Ļ




69.  Ȧ   ʹ

, ء

һл룬֮УѰ峤ͳǡ
ʱż, ŲӣƺЩµģ

峤ͳ鲻̫á

س, , ϺĳѶȫ, ׶༪١
Ҫģֻˣһɱ, 綼ţԺҪΪס

ץӷҪһͳ磬ջջǸѾ˹
˭֪繲λãһû£ͱˡҵġʹֶηѾȥıǱȥġ

Ϻĳ׶༪١
Ұĵľͷ˸磬Ұ޷ʵ֡
ŷѪ, ӵԪףɽɸ󵱸, ϻ塣

֡

峤ͳǵֳܻ, һ̲ˮ, ܽС

֮У׳һŹ¡
峤ڱĿ

δ
峤ϱв۾

Щõʵ
Ԫ, е롭ʲô飿

еĴǺڽ롣ϵ塣

ЩĹϵ൱ЩȻûǷȴѾϵż
Щ봫Źģֻɽɸķ

ÿδţ׼û¡

ϴδţǱ֮£˵ˣʦֶҪǻˣҪеǻ䣬رͣ𣿡

ϴδţɽɸ֮£˵
ɽɸѱҽԪ꣬úܺãҾʱѵԾиλ䣬ɸ֮ͨĺ
佫ͣΪԪ׳֮壬Ȼ֮С



ÿһδţĹ

һűʵ̫ˡ

峤ϣŵĲǷ
Ԫཫųϣ
ǵܵܣ˵ˡ

Ԫһ˵ţһߵͷסеļʡ

Ԫ׵ֳ
ͬһԸĸµĺӣԪȴûз֮ѪĵλԪر

Ԫ˵
˵ٻ

Ԫ룺Ԫ׿ǧҪңˣ峤֮λұβˡ

ϵ
Ǽ٣Ըϵбû֮ĵ

Ԫ׵ķѪ˵ʮҪ
˺ѪеĲѪͳϡʧٴŨȫԪܷ񷵻ˡ

峤ͳá
ԪԸΣǶðŪؼңðģҩԣҲҪ

ԪдŻؼң˵˼
ôǲȦףҶҪһ£Ӵһ

ϿԪ࣬
Ԫ࣬һֳݵıȥһ顣ʱ棬˵ʵ˼͵͵ȥ
лһ֮ȦףʹǷֱӻǡ

ԪͷӦ
ǣ峤ϡ



ͷζԸʶۣӵҹλ鱨󣬱ȥƷ

ԪȴסǶˣ
Сʦ壬ʦã¥ܳסܳסɷٵЩʱգ

粻ΪҪȣ

һɴ䡣
Ϊ֪ǧ򻯣кܶʱǵˣͻ仯пܻƿء

ʶ۴ʱħѲ⣬סá

Ԫûлش

룬˵
¥ܺmm϶öû⡣Ѿȫִ£תĽޣ滹Ƶס

Ԫ׵
Ǳá

绹໰ʡ
Ԫƺ̫شҲûʳڡȻʦּҪǵȣȥ



֮ڴɸԪףһ׮¡

һŵӣδͨ㴳


ʲô

ŵһ仰Ҳ˵
ֻͷߡ

Ǹڵĵط㲻񡣡

ٽұ㲻ˣ

ĶԪף±ī߳ʵ
£

ӵ
ŵͻȻʲôҲ˵桭G

ӻδ˵꣬ͼŵӽϻԪ׻һһδתͷȥˡ

ӣ
⵽ʲôⰡ

ԪױϻӣЦ
Ͷġ

ӵ
Сϻ⡣

Ԫ׿˿еϻӡ
ϻӼΪ£޲Ϊɫ߽Žơ

ԪЦһ£ֱӽϻӴˡ

Ӿ
Сģ

Ԫ׵
Сֵʲôƣⲻû𣿡


ûң·Ķ˵򿪾ʹ򿪣Ҳ̫ðˡʲô

ϻûһš

Ԫδŷ򿪣˵
뿪һˡɸ֮м£֪ͨǰθд¥

֮Ԫױ㱧ϻ뿪ˡ

ͷԣ
֮֡

ʱ޷Ĵͽܵˣʵ
𣬸ĵմѧѱޣյ룬˵ҪΪ޷ĵӣʡ
ֵЩ漰̳⣬һ¹

ӣ
ĬƬ̣Ƚɣڣȥ¥᳤ϡ

˵ɽɸһɣشﲩԣۡ
ɼҼҶбľɽɸĴ֮ڵľףɲ١



Ԫ׳ɸ󣬵˶һСϡ
һأ㿴һŽۣ·õϲĺΪ֮ˡ

ǸЦ¡
漰ʦ֣ԪЦ

Ԫ׿壬
ҳֳ

ԪֳľȣЦһ£
ôûû뵽ǵֳѵá

ڷ̣ԪѡɽɸԶڴ֮¡

أ
Ԫ׺Ƣ
ֻδ뵽Լҳֽͨɸ֮ˡ

Ԫϵ
ҷģҲɸӣûš
ԪףҵǷɸУӦǡ

ǰɽɸӣʶ۱չص֮Ԫױ˰취ɸ֮лŵһһҳɨ

Ԫ׺ĹϵҲʱ𣬾ͼתֱ¡

Ԫ࿴
ϧԪףδԪףǹΣһδվ˼Ķ棬ԼпǷࡣ

˲ܻؼҡ
Ԫ룬ΪԼǰ;Ϊ˼δԪһؼҡ

ԣ峤Ͻ֮£Υ
ᰴ峤ϽԪףֳˣиĸҲ˼÷Ԫ׺ͼ϶

Ԫ׶Դ¿÷
ʱӦн̬ȶҺЩ

Ԫ
ֵú̬𣿡

ԪһҲգ˵
̬Ⱥû߲ãûйϵ

ԪЩԾ

Ԫ׸п
ֳ֪ҽӴδ뵽㣬δ뵽ұ˵⡣

Ԫ֣һת
ҲãСС䣬һʲ֪ȫòء

˵գһƣ

ɫĸ֣޴ڶۣ̿һܲ͸ԪС

ԪЦһ
ԪףȻûġ

Ԫûż

ָ΢ָ⿪һС˿ڣѪҺγ״
Ǽиı䣬ڹؼʱ̣

ѳУԪ֪ԼΣգ˿Ҳҡ

ԪĹϵ
ԪףΪлǰһ𣿼ڵΪ̬ȣ׼𣿡

Ԫû˵

һԪ󷽳֣
ʲô׼𣿡

ԪȻͷ
ûвԼǺʱˡ

Ůӡ

һ˴£Һڽ
ǼҺ£Ϊɵ硣

һһ£̬εŮ

Ԫ࿴͸Ϊ
ɴжϣŮӦǻڡ

Ԫྪ㵡
ﲻðĻڣ
ҾȻûйڴ˵Ϣ

ʿţԪо˲Ԫ׾бѪ׼ֱ뿪

֣֮Ѫ޷Ӧ

ԪܻԪף

Ԫ׵
ֳ̫˽ˡΪҶҵķ󷨣׼𣿡

Ԫ·ӣɴϵ̧֣ۼģԼ顣
һƻδ£аס޷ֺ

ԪӱЦü䣬
ѰɲСòײŽˣҪúϧŶԡ



޷£ٻ¥ʱͼ硢ԪӱժǺԪ׾һƺʲô֮¡

ʣ
ô

Ԫҡҡͷ
ܹ֮ѵСá

ժ룬
ιԹƳأ˵Ƴ׶֮ʹ

Ԫף
治Ľ顣

Ԫ˵
֮ûлġ

ժǻܸһЩ
Ҫô죿þƹԺ˵滰

߽֮Уʵ
ʲô


ץס֮ˣοʳǾԴʦʲô¡

˼Ƭ̣˵
ʡ

Ԫף
磺
Сʦ壬㲻óµ˰


ֻҲ˽ң֪ʳǼ١

Ԫӱվ˳˵
ؾԱ١

˵ͷ
Ǳ㶯ְɣ֮ڹںδ

Ԫӱߡ

Ԫ׳ĬؿţԪӱһǰһ߳ȥ

һԪ׸ȥ
Ȼ뿴̵ֳĳ棬ܺ棬Сʦ嵽׻ˡ



Ԫ౻µ

طЩصһط߷ĵӣעԡ
ɽɸץסһˣֲñ֪׽סʱ˹ص

ﴫŲ

Ԫ̧ͷ˴һϮ£ƮƮķ

Ԫ೰Ц
ò⸱ģ֪֮ˣ֪вʱӣֶΣ

û˵Ӳ˷ԡ

ķŮԪΧһ󷨣ɺԷ˵
󷨲ɫ˵ľʵɺɫ˵ѣɫԽ죬ѳ̶Խء

˵ͷ

Ԫӱ
硢ժǺԪ׶
ӣʲô

ժָס꣬˵

ǼĿתؿŷǱߡ

Ԫӱ

Ԫӱ㲻ʲô
ⲻǣһ𿴡

Ԫ࿴Ԫӱõ󷨣˵󷨵ЧٿµķȻµԷҪʲô¡

Ȼɷң
Цһ
ųĵܵܣǲǸе𣿡

Ĭվԭأ˵˰Ļ

ãſڵ
Ԫࡣ

ԪȻЦš
ƺƹˤˣ
кμ̣

̬ȵĮ
ҶΪұóѶ

Ԫ಻ΪȻ˵
ɲóѶӡ

Ԫ׼ܹѵʹ¶κ¡
վҲҡ
ø׼Է̬ȻǺ޾ɫ˿Ҳ

ָһâ£һչǰ˸룬ʮ룬мƬ˱ɫҶ

˵
û˱ҽ޸˽⣬ʹ
Ԫ࣬ҽջףܹЩѵΪǽʹǰжô




70.  ̹   ˴ᡣ

¡
һ㱻ˮɫ, ֮гԪࡣ

ԪΪҪϵһѨλҧ׼۽ϸܵεȵʹ, Լļ塣

Ѱ·

ûԪϣǷ, Ԫ౻ʮľϵֱߡ

ͬʱ, һȻϮ, Ӳֱָˡ

Ԫо˲
㡭

ȻֹΪʹƺߡ
Ǹָָķ϶, ָ֮ǰС

˽ʮָġ
ָĸоʮָͷһﶼоʹ1

ԪҧأмҪѪ
Ǹ봩ָǣȱֱָ֮ǰУ̴˵һؽڣڶؽڡ

ÿ͸һؽڡ
Ԫ඼оȸոո׶ĵʹδУͷϡ󾱺ͱѾ亹, Ҫ͸

ͣʱԪоԼˮ̳ġ

̧ͷ, ڴ
ͷˮʪڲ԰׵ϣЩǱ, ɲϰ, 
㱾𣿡

˿ĵ
, жʮû¡

Ԫࣺ



Ԫס۾˺󣬲ٿ

翴һĻָͷۣҲβ̬ԷؽɽɸΡ
СʦûҲ֪ͦ롣

ժǺԪӱ𾢡

ժֹ
ⷽðñѨλĥˣ磬ȥɡ

Ԫӱʵ
ĥ˭

ժ˼Ƭ̣˵
ɽиħͷԺҪԸң϶ץˣǰôһ顭

Ԫף
ԣûҪ
ȥ̲סԼġ

̸֮䣬һ룬һǴ̴Ԫָ

Ԫҧš
ʮָѣʮָԱ̴֮ҽ޻ĥ

ʹ಻ݣ亹乡
Ԫ̲סзҺС
ʼղ˵ʶʲô

Ԫҡҡͷ
ʲˡ

ԶԶؿţ治ɫһ侲ģ˵
ٵȵȿ

ʮָԱ̴Ԫʹü޷ú˵ƺãԼδϰܣѾӮˡ
Ǳ԰׵¶һЦݣ۾Ϣȶ϶
㻹ôĥң

˿ʮ롣
̧֣ʮѭȫγ׼ԪҪѨ¡

Ԫʹ

漴Цøˡ
ʵܻ𣿡

ʮ̴ҪѨʹй˵һЩǻΪ

ŲæǰָԪ飬˵
Ԫ֮࣬ˡҪ֪һֻ࣬дʳһ;

Ԫɴ۾


ʮ㾫ʮΪ㻹ʲô취ֵң

Ԫʶ
ݹһϣҪҧԾ

죬ĶӿسԪʶԪܵ˫Ϸ

ժʵ
ʲô

񡣡
ԪӱЩˣµܱ˻ٵûó

񣬱ǿԪ񣬶ȡԷ䡣Դ̽飬ǶԷʵ;ûа١

˵
֮Ͷʿ˺󣬶ԪྫʹĥòΪҲѾˡܻ֮ҲֻǸˡ

һ˵ţһתͷԪס

һµԪſӡأвѹһ仰Ҳδ˵

ǱϾֳ
㡣

ԪվɽɸߣӴʦֳֺ֮䣬ѡ˴ʦֳ֡ƭⶫۿֳ䵽³

иᣬ֮飬ָʹࣿ

ɡ
Ԫڻȣ
в֮µʱ֮ˣѾעк³Ӧġ

δ˵ֻԪ׵ļҲǰο

Ǳߵڽ֮С
֪ʲôɫЩ԰ס

һֱڳ.Ԫѹһ˲ַЦţһ
ֶ֪Сʶۿԭˣ˶ħѲ⡣֪£ֻ䵽³أ

˵֮󣬾ǷһЦţЦһ֮ĥٴλȥ

ɫȻ仯ˡ
硪֮ˣԤ֪δ֪䣬ȻҲ˽⵽Ԥ֮Уԭеδ


Ԫɻ
ʲô

Ѫ棬ȴûŴܹԤδܡҲˣгΪʺѧϰ֮ɽɸػѧ

ſԪ࣬ƺѾԪļˡɫ԰ףȴδ䣬һƽ

Ԫף
ȥڰ͵Ѷ˵ļߣ
磬ҳ

˵ͷá

ժǽ
Ԫӱȥ棬Ҫ

ժ໰˵ɻںֹջû˵ڡ

ܺ絽ײʲôܡ
û˱ЩжôΪ˵ǣΪշתѲ⣬ߣҲǳоľս

ԼΪǸðŪ׵ġ

粻ϣ֪

ժǵ˵ͷ˵
ãȥ档



һ·϶û˵ֱͦűü󣬿ٵǰš
ɫƽǽš
ڽţԼ¶

ԶԶ׺׷Ĳӡ

Сʦ壬㣬ȵҡ

˿ûз١

Сʱһס˷ӡ

ȴûʱһŲ
˦硣

㣿

磬ЩԹԵԼ·ϣеȹң

磺ҡ
һʱ䲻֪˵ʲôá


룬ԼͷôܣһΣڳ֮ǰͲȴ֮⡣

ŵʹԴ׼硣

Ҳȷкܶ໰

Ըӣʱ򻹻вУʱһֱ
⻹ǵһΣǻŭҪйԼ˵Ļˡ

Ԫļ￴˺ܶණ

ˡ
֮ӡ
Υ֮ˡ

統ִȥȡɱɸԽˡ
߼оŨصΥ͸Уڽõ˽

ΥС

֪֮ˣѳˡ
ǹżء

һ֪

֪ħʥŮݣϸɴɱҲ֪Խ˻ݺʶۣԽ񣬻˽ˡ

Ϊ֪δоŻ߼
֮УȥΪδΪ
УδΪ򣬵ǰΪ

磬롪
֮⣬֪ԼԭлѵĸǣӵеһﲻΪ磬İ飬Ϊļ¡

ʲô֪


Ϊʲô˵

⻹δʳڣѾ֪˴𰸡
˻ˣ˵ڣףмԸأ

Ժʹ֡
󣬵磬ﵽж

Сʦ壬ô

ۿ΢죬ˮ뵣һգۼ䣬һξӨ֮й䡣


⡢ô찡
һƬհףҲ𰸡

ɽɸ˲òݷ¼͵ʦľƣʦʦ彣ڶŹɱӡ
ŨīزʵһʡԾķǿˡ

ȥ

ʵ磬ʱ֪

ʱգҲıҪˡ

ʵ
ʮʱұչԽĩڳԪӤڣħ֮δ

ħ˶
ƫִΪҲɴ˶

ʵΪܿδ

磺
ΪǴԽġ

ش
Ϊ츳̫ã̫˳ˣүȥˣŹôѹҡ

˽Ų

Ӻ󷽸ϣһһ˵
ʵϸҲѹء
Ȼ˶ħڻţΪʦҲˣôνġ̫ˡ

ʵ
ͦõģ԰ɣСʦ壿

ûдĻ

Ϊû
Ҳûٶ˵Ϣؼӿ첽ߵ˷ߡ

ţһµҽ̧֣˰½޵ͷǰС¡庢ӣ⶯衣

Ҳһ

̧ʱΪԼҪʱΪԼҪֱ£ŷֻͷ

һ亹ŲֵɲǼ䣬ߣԶЩ

Ҳδ⣬
ܺá

Ƭ̣˵
ֻǹ̫ˡ

취
ҩҪúȿҩô£̿һҲ

Ҳδ

硣

ţ

˵
ǰɡ

һ˸ǰУ·һߵúۺۡȻΪʱе˵˳еһְܹһЩ

˼Ƭ̣Ӧ
á



һʱ֮ͷص塣
ԪסժǺԪӱѾڴǶ˻ʶ۵顣

Ԫ̧ͷͷɫ糣һ

Ѱ˸ţ̨£
ʦħԭЩӣǣԭеˡ

Ԫ׵ԭеˣ

Ƴһߣĳڵ㴦߷ֲ棬Ϊ
ָһڵ㴦˵
ҶʮΪ֧˵ԭˡҲвԤԵ

罫һϸϸ˵ڲಹ䡣

һΪͰ֣֮ع壬߱λԪױƣʶħݺɽ¾ħһ̴ţҲͽܵݡ
һϵ֮вϻյ綥֮ӡ

ժһѾŭ
Ҫѻ˵꣬Ҫˡ

ԪҲĸ𺳣֪Լʦˣҡ

˵
䲻ԭ򣬵ڵħ֮ʱδִ֮£ҽŤת
岻ԭһͳδ٣ңСʦֹδֿ֮ܵ֡ӣ֮ӱɱˡ


Ѱ֮Ӳл꣬и飬ʣ޼Ը㽫лá
ǰǸӵ֮ˣʶ۱չصĶСؾԷһƲлʶۿԭеδ


ħrΪħ֮ѣ֮츳֮侮ʯһսħrͱս佣ϡ
ĴִͲʣڱ֮ʱħΪɱħѪƯơ

ʶۣԭ֮Ĺ

˵
ʦֿδħħǱٽͼغɱЩݺϵˡ

Ԫ꣺
Ƕʵסʦ˽һţ˼⣬ȴ䵽ǰ³

пԪ˵
һѰԴʦֵӰ졣֮ǰʦãСʦ壬Ҫס

Щѡ
ҡҡͷ˵
ԭǴһӭһ˱͵Ϯ

Ҫ֪ʦֿǶУǱϮŻû³
ҵӱ͵Ϯø衣

Ԫʵ
Ҫô죿

شҪӦһսԽ޵ķʽʤ

ʱһƺƮ˽
ۣ

ӴǣʶۣΪ˻ͨ鱨㣬Ԫ׸ɴཫɽɸĽ֮˹С

һ
ӣ²ã
ʶԭ׷¥ƺǲ¥ڹ㲻׷ˣ

磺
ʦɵӾȻ£

ʶںδ

˵
ȥѰ˲ལɣ֮һҲû֮ƺ׹ǽн޲ˡ
ûм׷¥ҲûѰһɣμʧˡ

Ԫף


Ǽ¡

ʶ۴ʱμж಻أ
͵ѳ󣬲Ųʱࡣ

Ȼ򶨣
ûϵа취




71.     磬ܻˡ

ųϢ
Ǳıչذ, ڽ衣ĺޣͬ, صԽɽ̳

Ӧȫ֧Ϊ, սǰԽɽ, ޸̳
ҲһһӦ, ޴ȿʼʱһս

ʶڲ¥Ž
޴ȣǿɲȱϯ

佣ûлش

һ, 
ǲҪܣɱнޣô㡭

С˹
͹٣һϺõһ𣬺Ͷţ⡣Ǯ𣬿ɷȽһ£

ʶۣ

Ĳ¥;ƹݽȵϲˣȿ˼ȥʱŻἰ֮¡
ƹļʿ֪ƶһʶǸ, ϽеСûǮ

Ž˵Ľ޵
пе̣ȥһЩҩ

С
ƹĹȻ
⽣ֺãģ, ̬ҲǴ򶨣ɾƫƫûǮ

СĬƬ, 
, Ҹָ·



ɽɸ¥

̫ţ
йн޲Ӿٰ콣޴, ɽɸ֣ҪұӦԼɡ
ʲô鷳

̫Ҳŵ
䲻֪£ηӣ˳Ӧǰţ繫̫ڽӦμӴȵϢ

ҹ´еĽޣ־ٰ콣޴ȣҪŲ롣ʵ̫ףøͷԡ
ڷ˽˹ϵ˽ţֺ˼һһҪڱӦ˽޴ȵ롣

Ѱ飬ôˡ

ͦ׵
յʱֹ
һΪҪȥЩɣŵĲϣǴӦء


磬עһ㡣
ûֻбŻ˵һǿˡ

һԭ𡱵ľģ
ǵͦġ



Ҫ룬ס˿ڡ
ܶ綼ֻ˵һ˵ѣȻȴûʲôëûҪ


Щأ


ԭ뽫ǲڹеģ̫أʺϻ˳
ǰɽ

ʵ
ܰס𣿡

Խ˵Ľ֮⣬޲֪ʱ£ʲôΣ
нǴߣǿɽʵǾΪʱӦø

Ӧܰɣ
粻ȷ
ѾŹˣסûԻʵڲоҩΣʲôֶΣҪҳƷʦ֮ǰסǡ



ոջΪжȡ
ڿҲ뵱һ˵һı



νġ޴ȡһʱգ뿪ɽɸ󣬻һɽ

ҹɽС
ڸص֮䣬ΪĲ֣ΪɢϢ

ǧѾڵˣ
û뵽һˣ̯ô顣

غǧ࣬
ô˵þͺҵĴһֶ̫࣬ƻѲ⡭

ǧһ·ʵ
ǧʦ壬ǵôв£

ǧӵ
ԭҲ⡣

磺ԭ

ǧһһߵ
ȥһ֪ˡ

Ļߵ˰ý޵ĵط

һдʱӴĵطÿһ¥޽ļΪݻʣ̺ʲôȱ١

絽ʱһޣ̻̲վ¥ǰյϡ

罣ɵš
ǧӵ
ǰʱȥȡײħޣڽ𵤣ħ٣٣Ϊһˡ

翴˿ǽޡ
ڵˮ׼ֻ֮»صˡ

ǧ˵
罣ҩҽΣӹ˵ҩҽ罣Ҳѷ

һ˿ģʵ
ακõģ

ǧӵ
Сʦǰʱ·罣ɣ˳־ͽľˡ¯˻εҩЧħƹƤָ

磺

Сʦֻش
˵ҩ֪£ӦҪ޳˰ɣõҽϹҽ꣬ȴɽתΪҽ޵ķϡ

罣ɵš

̻̲վڿյϣʱһ˴¥˳
ϵãԽ˵лԽ񣬻ٽ֮¶սٰδȣʤ߽
˵л൱гϢˡ

лʵ
ףΪβ

Ϊ׵罣ŵ
һ֮ˣĪ㱻Юɽ̬ãȴҲ֪ɡ

лڵԽΨһʶǸӣ޾µġԼףǱ󣬺ʵǿķйϵ
󲻿ϸ֪࣬ɸĲ

лȰ
ף˵óȻǷ״̬ƽϢһͣ͹ɡ

˵
罣󲻽ͻɣֱӽڴ˵أкأ

лҡҡͷ
ף˵
ģ̫ڡִ̫ɵĽޡ͹ԣһὫƽµͻظԵɡ

л˵ƺЩˡ

ǧӿһĻ

ǧӵ
Щʱһֱڰˡ

˵ͷ˵
лܳɴ£ʱգܹ⸴Խˡ

ǧûӦĻ˵
һ¡

ʲô£

ƺ֪Ĺϵ
ǧ˵
Щÿμǣǣܼܲһ档

磺
ô֪ģ
ּһʲôѰ

ǧʵ
磬Ҫ̸һ̸𣿡

˼Ƭ̣˵
˽¥ɡ



л¥

ƽ̺ͷϣһ½ޡһ£ڷ֮УĽҲڳģ̫ӣλò̫ġ

лȴãʱ̬һλ

ͷ֧ڷϣü۵ʹڿµĹƴʱ䡣
ֱ̧䣬·糾͸ȾܿС
޷ӣֱֲӡ

ֱˣл
˵Ҫҡ

лȶס̧ͷֱ磬
֪йأȴӲ֪֮

ǳЦ
֪ˡ

лЦգ̲סһ͡
꣬һɫܳҡ

ʵ
Ҫңк£

лԼѹ˵
ֻЩ˵

лһԣ˵
һٶǰ佣ʹ˰֮£ʼն޷ԭ¡ܶʱ־ã㲻ֻͼԼʹˣ֮оԭ򡣡

ǰӴ˺ìܡһ˵Իһ֮ԽˣһڹУԼ˵ӾȻ䡣

лʼ޷ΪҪٽˣ粻˲Ŷԡ

ȷʵˡ
ʵûء

磺
Ȼԭġ

죬͡

л˵
кԽ֮ǰҸлĻ֮ˡ

ʵ
㾿ʲôأ

л˵
ӣ֮УΪãûлģ𣿡


û

лһȷ١

˵
ô¹˫֮ͽɡԽ֮£Ӵ˴ξΪ֣Թ塣
˺Խ˻һ㣬Ϊʲôǰæ£ӿԾܽ

Ƭ̣ʧЦ
˵ûлģˣ

δҲ̫ˡ

л˵
ӣȻȥìܣҾˣֵŵġ

üۡ
һֱԽ˻ΣԹ壬ٺò

ôҲŵһ䡣
վ˵
Ҳʧʧ

л֣һ

⻰˵ף䱳Σȴɽ

ûмˣ˳ŵ

ǳˡ
˲ĳŵе˲ҳеΡôֵ֮˵ֵ˷Ϊ



Խ̳ɹڶʱڽ˷ޣ̨Ѿ޸ոµģ

Ԫ̨ߣ鿴󷨡

󷨷ʮרҵ
Ԫⷽ츳һ㣬ԼĶҲȤǱȽⷽĶˡ

һ£󷨾һ㣬㣬װסҴʦ֡
һ㣬ڴܣԽɽǱסˣǧҪ档

Խɽİգ
Ԫ׵
⻹˵𣿵ȻǨߡ



絽Խɽ̳ʱ򣬱㿴󷨸ĵҪѪ಻ԵĹǺɽɸޡ

Ԫʵ
ʦã㿴Ҫĵĵط𣿡

ɡ
˵
Һʹʦִ󷨶Ҫٵ𲻵̫á

ԪʧҲǡ



޴ȵա

ʶЯ佣Խɽ
ֻⲻ֮ǰһƬưܣԱҲȫǨߵԽɽ̳ʱȻһ£ɽ˺һƬ֡

̨ϣǩѾɣԾֹ

һֱߣɢ䭣罣ɵס˽ڣΪƽƽ棬ѧĽȴǿҲЩͷ

̨̬ȿ

Ž
ʦܣȳаɡ

˺һ
ţ㵱֮˻δȫȳаɡ

ȥۿϯһƬ

˻򲻴ˣ
ǽ޵ıԣֵܻ׵£̨ȥ
Ϊôͣ϶û棬ɴ඼˳ˣǸϽһ


ʧȥ֮ʡ

һ½̨ϣ䣬üۼȴԴ̬Ĳͷ
ԹãѾʧȥġ

ĥĥ䣬ǽ޸е̬

ʶ̧֣ɫʣ

̨Ƕ˵
ǽԲϳǱɡ

£гһӣɱ̨ɫ쵴أҪС޸ɱ

ǡ

С֮ʣ˲δѪߣŤܿʶϮ

ʶһ

̸Ϥ

Сʦ壬ʦ֣ǿҵ˵ˣôһ϶ʧȥģܻܳ

ʦã˵ǴʦˣҸոնҪˣ̫˵ˡ

ʶ۳Դͷȥ
硢Ԫ׺ͷˣվڲԶ̨ϣкЦָָ㡣

ߣɽ˺֮Ѿò̫

ʶۺ֪


Χȥ̨ϵĲУ̨µȴϳĽޣԸŸɵĹۿߣ纣¥Ť

һɢ̨֮ΧտյһƬžֻʣˡ

ŲʯףӯһԾʱʶ۶档

ʦ֣Խɽ̳ֻһ˫Ƕˡ

ʶۿ磬
ң

γժǣ
ôܽأ
ʦ֣ǰԼΪ׷ʱǱһǸԼˡ

ʶβ˵
н֮ԼʦãƤаħ

磺

עժǽЦ˵
ҵʦãаħұһһҵĽ𣿡

£ͳ̨ɱһƬţ

˪Ԫǰ
ԶҹԪӱ󷨣ĽɫĽ֯ԽɽС

ִ񽣣˵
ʦ֣ӻ˾ҪúΣɻ伲ҽ𣿡




72.  Ϊ   ƽ𲻻ˡ

Ԫվڷ, ζ˵ĻЩȷŵ
Сʦ壬ʦڳûʦְɣ

Ϊʶ˵аħαװ, ʶɵ⡣Щڱﷴ˺ܶΣû뵽ʶǰ, Ҳô

ֳ˪, ˪, סԼԪף
Ż

ûɣƽʱֵ, ˵ʵСֶ࣬ǳ˵ϲʹ



ʶ۲ͷֳ˪ʱ̨Ƚķ̧ͷԽɽ̳ʵʵһֻҲɲȥ󷨡

磬
Σһ£

練ʵ
ҵǲ, ڶʲô
㲻Ҫսޣ֤Ľ𣿽ո߳, 츳ԶʤʦþǰΪҪȥѰˣ

ʶ˵
ȻҪʰ, ֮ǰ, һҪ

˿Ҳ飺
ʲô£ֹ޹㣬ʹ佣ϣɱ½ޣ

ʶЦһ, ýָ磬
ǴаħҵõǶμ䣬ĺܰ

磺



Ԫף


ԪԼһѣ
ʦָո˵ʲô

͵
һֱˣħѾãټ磬ħĻþ

Ԫף⡭
ֲһֱڿ˵ʦаħе⣬ȴֱߡ

Ԫ׶ʱЩѹ

ħطĴ
ħʶ۽統ħ˵ˡҲǡǡ֤ݷѾõĴͿ־塣

Ԫ׿ʶۣĵ
Σָʶǰʦãϵ硣



ʶ۽ָ磬
Ȼ޿ɱܣǱսɣ
аħңݣ

£㲻ٳɣԥس˽ռȻ

ػѰһ俴ʯʮ꣬ʯùˮӯ֮ܵġΪƾһѽ
˽һΪڽĽ

ѽǱ佣
ػ˴ӡ

ʶѽѧ裬ʦһ

һֱȡҪ

粻Ųæժǣʶһ

ѩȹɴɣƮˮסŵժǽһصϣִʶۣ

ʶһͷܹ
ɨ󣬿̨ϱһۣ̽

ո߳ΪĽ޾ˡ
һ֣֮̽յȡ֮СҲ֪ŶԷܹܹȡ¶Է׼

ʷལ޴ܣδüΪ֤ڽ֮ж


ա
֤֮·ɱ˵Ľ֮ߣʤˣҲԽң

һδ֣˿Ҳ֣˵ڶУ

Ľʽ

纣ɢڿ̨ϣѭɱĽ⣬۳ǧѽ

ִʶۣ
ǧɵĽҲ׷ӰȥʶΧ

ʶ˿Ҳţ

ԥس۶˵һɵĽǵڶѣѡ
죬һʱۻңμֻ۽

ǧѽ
ǧѽ

գֻһص졪


ʶۺ佣ס佣֮дĺɫ񽣣

һأ
ʶȣȴಽмסһ

սѵ
ʦ֣Խ⣬׶Ͻġ

ʶȴЦһΪȻ
Ͻ佣ͣӲ֮׶ѡаħҲϱ佣㻹ΪԼõժǣ

磺

𣬵
԰õľ񽣣ı佣ø͵񽣣

ʶۻƬ̣
񽣽飿֮ħȻǿ鶼һͬˣ

磺
ժǣ

ժ
磬⽣շĿ湻ġ

˵ͷ
ɲ𡣡

ʶ۱ģǵЩգŭ˵ԣ

佣
ΧȻһ䣡

ɽͣٲ
ƯƣҲѺۣ

δȴɨأ˺һУ

ɫսн
ժǣҪˡ



ݣɽ

ӲݺɽҰС

½ȼ˵ҩĲˣɽɽУҪŵ¯߲һҡ

ɽһٶ꣬½ȼ治֪ɽﻹôƫƧߵĵططȻܲɵҩ

֪²ݡ
½ȼҩҳ˿ֿɽҰĲݡ

飬Ƿֱ治Щһ֪²ݣõЩݸвͬȴҳϻųú

䭣
ҪĲݶȥ½ȼԼϰɡ

½ȼ֪뷨һָԴвݶˣᵼҩɽģ

ҪβݣȴĲͷʱƳԶɽȷ϶·һĨɫƶ

˫ۣϸȥŷһȺ£Źߵˡ

ϸƬ̡
彣ٶȷɽ¥



ɽ¥¥Ĵߣһֻӣǧӿ

˵
ʦһ齣˵þһЩϵڽӦúܺÿ
ʦûʦΪӦûϲ

ǧӿǽһۣˮ͸мƷ

ǧӵ
ֻãôժˡ


޺ͽʲôң

ǧӵȥ̰ɡ

ӦһҪϺӣպ
ȴӴһӰԼһٶȣԶ¥



ӰѴӴײ룬ϵӲˮײϣе䣬̺Ϲ˺ü£˳齵ȥ

ðʧ
䭣㡭

˵һ룬䭴ʱɫ

Ҳž
£

һǼ£᲻ţƴ롣

䭿ǧӣ
ǧˣ

ǧӺͶһ

нδУͽߣƲԹƫƧطڹ·㿪޴ڵߡ
˵
Ƕǳģ⸽κǵ·ٶٹһգǱᵽɽ

ǧʵпǺͷ

ҡҡͷ
̫Զˣӽǲãҿǵò

˵¥ӽڶޣʱɽֻʦһڣԵֵ

ǧӵǾǳġ

䭿

ǧ˵
ǰǿвַųϢҪԽɽ̳н޴ȣʶףֳ˲СĶ
ӦŪ˴ϸڣǲµ¶ڶޣŹڴʱɽ

ҧ
Ϊ˱սɽŽصѡԽɽ̳벻⾹ʹɽΣȱڡ

ǧӵ⡣
ʱȫĽ޽ɽУɽΣҲҪһ¡

Ǿ˵أΪǣȴҪһ֮ԡ
Ҳһǧɣ֮ǰα繲֮λα

ǧ룬Լǵ͹Ĵ

䭽Щҡ

ǿȶ񣬵
ǧһʱ䣬Ǹ

䭴δΣ
ã黹ûǵʲôһҪЩʲô鲻䵽ǰľء

ʦ˵ʱɾҪ뷽跨ӣ˵ţˡ

ǧӵ
ùȥ֪ͨҹ磬

֮ǰнޣɽɽ֮ڵİ롣
ҪɽĿľЩǣǲ幥ɽУ֪ѾɽˡǺ׾׷ȥǻҪ

䭺Ͷ˵ͷ¥뿪ͷȥŴˡ

ǧ̯һݵͼ

ɽƲԹȡ
ָ⸽ĳһɽȴͣ¡

һ֣
һš



ޣԽɽ̳

ʶѶǧལ

Ͻ֮УԽɽ̨Ϊȴǰưܵķ棬Χ󷨣ҲѾЩ֧СѾ𣬴ǿҹԪӱά֡

Ԫ׵
Ѿ˰ˣδֳʤ

˵

Ϊʶۣ֮Ĳ໹ûеĵزڽⷽ棬ڵʶԶʤ硣

Ԫ׵
ô᣿ʦ츳á


츳ȷ˿Խڻ̫ᣬй·ӹĽľԶԶʶۡ

Ԫף㿴ˡ
Ͽεëַˣ
ΪΪĲ࣬ʶٶȸᣬĽûһûסġ

˽֮⣬ʶۻռűơ

˵
ȱǣ衣ֻȴҪ

ԪЩǣ
ʦҲ̫ԿˣĲְܳ𣿡

ҡҡͷ
ڴѾ鷳ˣеͽȥƻøңԿơ
ңûз֣Ľñȴǰɾˡ

Ԫһ

˵
ڽɶԽʶ۵Ľмȡľ顣

һֱǸС
ȡһУܼķ̬ΪеˣܺݺݻΪϣøǿ



ּֽغϺʶۺ˫˫˿

ʶ۲ǵѪ
аħΪȻҸߡ

Ѿþ˵
ֹΪߣҲ

ʶ۵𣿡

һкѧɾ͵Ľʽ֡

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Ԫ׺ʶ۱Ӵɽˮ˳ǰȥæ޲ɽ󷨣Ǳ˴ߣѰȥϡ

ûȥԪװæ

ͣһ£ĵվһ̧ۿĨһѣȥδΡ

һӵݵƤ¡

ǧӵ˵
ޱްɡ

վƬ̣ȴδһ

Ҳ̫ѹ
ǧӵ
ĵر壬˽ѣǰͬĻԵøҲ˵

ҡͷ
̸ʲôԵԵģܻȥá

ǧ˵
磬ǸʦģܵöͽЩβŶԣӦҲϣ

̧ͷ˵
ҶεҲС
ϣܴҵĽϣտΪгɣгһ֤

ǧӿ϶
һա




75.     㵽׽ǣ

֮, һб㶼׼ˡ
Яװ䭻ǵɡǧӡԪףͳҹһǰޡ

һ߸·, һ߸п
û뵽һһȥ, Ϊ顣

Ϊ, ԼƵ, ȥһȦ
˵ｨĳǳڶ꾭ӪʮַеĻѪǰͦأ΢, Ҳų

ȻٵǣһϻɡϻȻǸǰһֹ֣˲̫ɡ

˵ϻɷһ¡
ǵţǸǰſڱտڶǡ¯ֵ񣬸ˡ˵гɹܲΪͻͽϾҪԪӤˡ

磺
ҲУ

ҹҡҡӣǿʣ
, ϻ֮˵Ķ飬ʵҲһ顪ɽˮ, Ϊ⶯飬ΪǶ, ȴӲרעһ

ͷ, ˼
ƺô˵

ԣʺˣǺϻɵ, ЩĽϳԵն˿Ľޣ

Щܵ
ͷ¸СʦʦǣҲһǡ

о仰һ㶼û
˻úܣôʹ



պǡ

ͳҹЩ硣
ʱ仹磬ɫãҲʢʺϵȥڶɡ

ǱȽǡ

߰һ¥󽻴Ųб¹һŷеĲ.ĽҡΡ

̧ͷԼܴӼȴУ͸͸ɴŮˡ

ӣ߰ɡ
ҹǰΪ·

˵ͷһ߸ϳҹĲһߵ¥Ϥ

ĸ񣬾
ҹһҽΪĲ¥ǰͣٽŲУ·˶¥ڴ߸£һЩƲˡ

ȴϲʱⵣڴ̨ϣǺĵؿŴ⣬
ǺӡӲ̫һ

ҹ
ϴǣǰ֮ǰ˵Ҳ㲻ọ̈ǳҪЩ仯

˵ͷ

Ƭ̣Ʊˡ
ҹִһסӣ˽ߵľСơ

һڣ㲻ʵؽӷˣ
ƣǺǰһҡ

簮ƣֻζ഼ľơ
޵ľңʵƷ

ҹСʵ
вôҵľƣ

С·⣬˼˺ܾãʵ
͹٣ҪȻԲ

ҹ
磺

κʧЦ
룬һǣһ׾ƣԲõǸ㡣

СӦ˺ã˳䣬г׾Բȥˡ

翴ŵС뿪
ǻǺǰһ˺£˼

ҹչü壬ʹЩЦҲЦ
ϲģá

ֻϲͬʱҹԼĳһЩѹ

ǰ˵ϻɵӡ
飬ʺ

Ҳһġ

ɽˮ羰Ҳʢ̬飬ȴὫפĳһˣĳһϡ
Ƕ飬Ҳ顣

ܹ磬Ľ˵£Ҳ֮¡



ҹĻܿ콵١
ͳҹ뿪ǣǰӺϡ

ǰ⸽Ⱥħħrս۶ϣ򽣵ĲĽڣҲը򽣿ӡ

紩ֺ֣Ӵµľ޿ڡ
֮ˮȴδϾǱĳţڿУˮģȥ

ʵ
˭ģ

ҹǳЦŵ
ǰħʱϻûǣľ޿ӣ˵ûҪ޲˷ǮƣŵҲ
˭֪˵⻰ûã޿ڣ֮ˮȴھ޿֮ϣʼˡ

磺
汾Ĺ

ҹʵ
˵˭أ

룬ȷŵ
磿

ҹ˵ͷ
ӶʱȪҲˣһȺˮ޴ãˮ֮ĶҲ޷ܷӰ쵽˹򡣡
ЩʿǲӺӵû취ֻԼˡ

磺
Բ

ҹɫ
Ҫʱˡ

Ѿľۡ

ҹӡ˹رţƤֽ磬
ȥһУ޷㣬Ӷһˣ뱣ء

ҹǹӷ
ҵԱߣѾ㹻Ǹ˳¹磬Ͳǵˣ

ժǴӽ˳
ʲôжһˣء

ҹһ£΢Ц
ҲԣôףӴ˳

£⿪ľ۵ӡվڰϣУ˳ˮƯУԽԽԶ



ޣħǡ

ħǰħļֵһǰħrͳιޣħǱҲ֮Ϊ޵Ķǡ

rħ֮⡣

Ե뿪ֵȥݹɽȡȴǧƣɽ֮Уѹʱ䡣
ֻ֪ħ֮λ֮⣬û˽⵽޵Ϣ

幥ɽطޡ
rȴ֣ԼѾϤˡ

ǰħ仹ħǣȴǰģྶͥ

Ŵ󿪣µħǴ߳ɫѵں󷽣ħԱ˾룬ȴҲڡ
лѪͷˣһöĹһ𣬹šЩҩĸŲ塱֮Ļ

r
ʲôΧ
ⲻʶħǡ

šüվڳ⣬ž޴ĳźͳǽ˰Σҡӣ׼ȥʲôӡ

r¶˾ģǡ

ͣ£
űߵס
ǼǣǼ˲ܽȥ

r

ʵ
ʲôأ㵽׽ǣ

һµħ£ȣұüУȾһζȻЦ⡣
Ϊβ


Цʲô

ɻؿ˵rۣݳʵ
͵Ǽǣд֣д֮ء

rݺŪȥϵĲͷ֮ҡӽˡ

ֶŵrıӰһֹ
ôܾˣ

ԶԪӱ͹ĿһĻ

Ԫӱɻ
ħǻʵʵǼᣬħ𣿡

ǿ
ǰħħǺͼֵѾˣͺϻɵģǸˣȻҪǼǡ

Ԫӱ
оᰡ

˵
ǼǵϢǼٵģȻr֣Ҫˡ

Ԫӱ˵ͷ
Ǹȥһɡ

Ԫӱߵ˳ǰ

ڱĹɻ
Ԫӱӣʲô

ԪӱȻ
ǲҪǼ𣿡



óƣһۡ

Զ񣬵
С֪ͨдλ֪λҪδǰ׼ʧ֮ൣ

Ԫӱ
̬Ȳ죬ܾøΪǰħеء

ƣ
дǽҪ豣أҪֳ

˵ͷװԴİ˵ӣ
ǼǺûǼǺ˾͸Ͻȥ



һħǣܿʯש̾͵·ɾ࣬Ӧÿҹ䶼ϴˢ

Ĳߵĺ¥󣬶ǿջ¥ͷµء
мһӣħ޺ǰŶӽ꣬Ǻӡ

ջ¥ͷµصĻվϣסˣΪԼ⡣
¥֮д֮ŽͲĽŲһƬַʢ

rͣƬ̡

ԼϤħǣҲ¥Ҳо¥ͷµءʱħֻħħ򹦷֮ʣսթ
ǰħڷͬʱҲ͸һġŵĸо

ڡ

и֮ˣʵЦݣ֮вص棬Щģȴƽ͵ĺܡ

ͬǷ
ħĽɱȵƯ׳̫ˡ

rվڷǳУȻһԼͣ˹ȥ˦˵ĸо



˼ƮԶ֮Ȼо屻ײһ£۵һѽ

rعԼǰǸ߰СѾͷϺֱϴŶ϶ģħƣӦħ֮䵮µĻѪ

СѾͷһֲѣﱧŸݲݸ˱ɵӣм仨Ļ˵ϣ۶ϣ飬֭ճڵrϡ

rԼϵĲл֭.ˮ֭ɫһѱò̫ɾˡ
ͷɫ粻

СѾͷһպۣ
ˣ»ˡ


ԶһĻԪӱ͹Ľ

Сô鵣Ļѽ
֪ײ˭֪Ū˭·𣿻Ͻȥ

ԪӱѾ׼óˡ

rɨ·һ±һˡ
СѾͷ
ĻǮ


ŵ˵ʲô

СѾͷˣ˵
ʮ߸ͭӡ

rӣƺҪǮ򻨡
˰ΣûͳǮϵЩѿ

ʱһµ
򡣡

ǸµޣϵĻһСͭǮСѾͷЦŵ
С´οҪСЩײˡ

СѾͷ˵ͷǮһл뿪ˡ

ЦſǻѪСѾͷ뿪лrһݣ͵
ҵҲڳУҴ⻨ȥֻᡣȻ̨㿪Ҫ򻨣⻨߰ɡ

rӹѾĻ
Ϊΰ

Щ֣ʵ
Ϊβܰ

r˵
ħѪޡ

޻ش
ħһѪҲһѪͬʲôԣ
ңλ̨ڲӵġҪߣӵĹ۵Ȼߵװġ


λСֵܱ˵ˣװǰħ㣡

ħʲô嶼УദĶͺĶã԰ɣ
ĵrļ򣬶˦ӣﳤȥ

rԭվ˰Ρ
˿еĻ̾һżֵķȥ



ڴϣҹŨУ˳ӺˮֵƯš

ժ棬ʵ
ҪƯð

ش֪

ժǵ
ʲô壬ֻܸɵţİ

翴˿צĲϺ˵
ժǣҸ㽲°ɡ

ժҡҡͷ
ұл࣬Ҳࡣʲô£֪ûģ

ԼǰЩ£
϶ûҸ㽲ǰиɰɽһֹӽ¥¥ʮ㣬ÿһ¥ݶʮ̨ףȵȫ֮ʱ̨ױʮ㡭



ʱŨ֮Уˮʼص

ռδȫ
ϵѾԴ͸ˡ

һӰ¹оϵĹ봫ҵĽ

ˣ㲻Ҫٽˣ
꾪ֺţ˻
ҪˣԺҲ¥ˣ

Ǿȵؿˮ
Ѫɫĺˮͬһ㣬ཹཱུðݣϿһ

һš

ո˭ڽа
һûҲûˮפأӦǿŵĲŶ԰ɣ
ֹˣ
ʲôУȸƨѾˣԼǹ



Ͻ·СĵͶ̥ʱ

ֹͣУųһУظŴһٷĹ뿪

Ѫɫϣһľۻֳм

ŮŹԼϵı
˺ˣˣǵˡ

硱ֱ֣ӻܽŮĺڽ
ڽųҭǻ
¹ҲҪ

磺
һնв˵Ľʲô
Ŷ԰ɣ




76.  پ   Ϊʲôͨ

ľҡſ˰

ժ, ˣǵˡ
ŰԼϵĽꡣ

һص˽, 񽣵ĽСȶ

磺
ڶж຦°

Яժǽ, », ľɫ

Ǻڳ, ԶֻҹȴӰӣɳͿ޺ɳԿ

̧ͷ, ҹһǡ

ҹĻ
أԻУþڹߣױ᲻֪ʧȥ򡣡
ڹʱԸϵϳ淽λ

ʣһǽϳ
ҹشֻһǡ

˷λժǽ̤˻Ȫڤ

ڤˣ˿
ֻнŲصĻǣڤߡ, Ҳǽ.䣬Ի

.»Ȫ, ڤߵ治ɫǶһݡ



ֲԼ˶á

Ұ𽥳һƬɫĳǽ, ޴ĳϷ, Խīдۺ֣ʷپ

ŸͬĹꡣ
ЩеϱŰ, ŻҪۺȥ⡣
еʮִͣƺǸãѭƮˡ

ҹ˵
һкܶǳأЩʱδشûбͶͷ֮еĹꡣǴڳʵʵţʱҲΪһЩ鱼ڸǳ֮䡣
ӣԽ統һǹۺǴ˹Ķǡ

ڳŴĹŹٷһӣǰʮűʵǼǳǳصĹꡣ

ʵ
ۺʲô

ʵİŮ
ֳۺƴһҵ·ҪۺӣͶ


ȥɣԺҪۺǺǵȥٸתۺ

лˡ
Ůһ񣬱Ʈۺ

һ

һ׺ͷƮЩͣͣһԲ

˵
Ĺꡣ

ֽˣ˵
޹ƶ񣬾˺ȥֻأ̷

ں󷽣һ߿һ룺
ͬسŵģĹҵ̫ˡ

һ


֮󣬾ŵ硣

Ƭ̣
ˣ.ģôĹ磿

ش
Ưġ

Ӱֲá
Ȼ֪Ӳ
ǰڶʱҽе䣬סԺǧ򲻿ٴ϶ɴˡ

ҡҡͷ˵
룬ǹѰ硣
磬ժǵĽڵ繲磬޹Щ¡

׳Լݣ֤Լλܸߣ㹻ʸȥ޹

Ƭ̣
˵㡣




һٶǰӣˮʹùһƬҡ

磺
ֻħ룬ǰħr
ܲһ˵£ôֻأ

磬˵
û뵽Źȥ꣬ΪѾľ磬ӦԶ˰ɣ

ͷ
ǣ

ùЩƺ̫ϲϾҪΪԹΪˡ佱Ҳ佱

׼ӦΪѵʱ

һʵ
ӣʲôľ𣿿Էһ𣿡

磺
ֻóԼĵã͹

һ
ٶཻһϧһҪæﻹŵǼǽء

´ġ

ҡҡͷ
û´ˣӲڴ˵ء

ҪɵˣܵظԵ޹һ׹ʲôӡ

Сܹȥ

Ӹɡ
СҪۺǡ

ȴס磺
ӣȵȵȣ

ʵ˻к£

Ӻͱһƣ
ӣǩɡ

磺
С

ɫŹֵǩСۺǡ

Сһߴ·һߵ
ӣҴ֡
˵Ϊһֱܳ㡣˽ﾭǱԹվ֮ԺҪԵһ档
㣬һ򶨣Ѿ˻ˡ

磺
û뵽Լķ˿Ѿӵˡ

ۺǳɫ㣬˼ķǳ𲻴󣬻˵ۺҪӷһЩӳ֣ҹƽ

Сһߣһߵ
ǲǾУ

磺
ô֪ϤУ
ŶԣΪЩ֪

ǹǺҹͨǺϵĻЩǶ̬Ϊʲôã

ӲͷƤʵ
ͦġ

С⻰ƺܸˡ

ЩŹ֡
֪з٣С˵ѵǼ



ݣɽ

ǧӽҿɴָһ⣬δ˿ָһѪʣϸɻ״ĵС
ѪһϣɵĻԴЩ

յɵưڱΣЧҲΪơ

ƾնһͬʱҲȼһ˵

ǧЩӲѪmѪ࣬ɫԽԽ԰ס

յƺǧֻǲʡͷ˵˼仰뿪䭵ķ䣬ҪѰطȥϢ

䭡
ѴΣǱߣʱпƬҲȱҽ޵տ

Сʦ塣
Ԫ׽ţ˵
ɸ˿Ҫˡ

Ԫ׿˿䣬
Ǵ˵¯¯ͷС·Ų¡

˵
ǧӽл˽ƺŲ

ԪӦǡ

ʵ
ɽǲи½ȼĵޣ

Ԫ룬
ôСӡ
˵ҩȹӵĵմӣΪռ̳й֮λͶδ죬ץС
ӳҩȣ¥ϣõ׬Ǯίʦýܵ½ȼ󡣡



ԪΪҪ
¥Ƕӷ˵аֵôģֻ⡭

ֻ׬Ǯ

Ԫ׵˵ͷ


ĬƬ̣Ȼ̾
ˣаνˡ
ԪףǸ½ȼҽҩ֮˵ʬƲԹ⣬Ը⣬ȥʦ

ԪӦ˻뿪˷䡣

Ѱӣ˵˽䭺Ųȥ顣
źúʵ
½ȼأ

ش
ʦ֣½ȼǰձɽˣӦǻҩˡ

½ȼ͹֮䣬½ȼͶı֮λǿʦͽϵѾϾˡ

ֱҩ
½ȼź֪ػζܾ֮ǰǵʦͽꡣ˵ǻҲ˵ǲᣬ½ȼҲֱ治Լﵽʲôζ
ҩȥһ

Ԫ룺
Զȥζܰ



Сۺǡ
ƻ¥֮һǽŵĳڳǣǡ˾֡

˾Ĺٸ
޹й١ЩĹˣ˾֮й

СŵĹ˵һЩ
Եȣҽȥͨܿ

˵ͷ
ͷˡ

˾ŵĹ磬ϸƬ̣Щȵ
ʦã

磺
˭

ɽɸ󷨷Ҷʱʮǰаʱˣҩʱ˶Լˡ
Ҷʱ˼ף
磬ǸޣΪﵱ

磺
ʦ֣ʵء
СʦӦû±˽̲ģĵ˵һҪѵҩȻܿܺһ³

ҶʱҲˡ

̽Ϣʵ
޹˵𣿡

Ҷʱҡҡͷ˵
ƢҲƲǺ˵
ˡعأкܶһЩ£飬ûдӦ


簴ڽϵֻ߬ˡ
Ϣ湻ġ

Ҷʱʵ
ʦãҪ𣿡

˵ͷ
Ӧǻص¡

ǿѰˡ
ҶʱҡҡͷƬ̺˵
֣ҲΪʦá

ʵΪʲô

Ҷʱ˵
ΪһҲΨһһƻ˹Ĺ֮ȴңĹϤ

¥

Ҷʱ˵ͷ

˵
ǹӦúңǻΪҺͳ¥ϤΪˡ

Ҷʱҡҡͷѹ
ʦã㲻֪ǹ֮͹ʲôϵ

صӣЩЦ
ʵʲôϵ

Ҷʱ˵Ǹҹ޹׶ӣپ

磺
ժҲ̲ס˵ˣ

Ҳѹʵ
¥ʱִδɶԸֻ̨ӳ磬˷ˣУҲ˳˹ͨ
ѵ𣿡

˵ǣپԼαװ
ҶʱС˵
Ҳ˹統ŪġҹûˣپҲûʲôǰִԹһ˵

磺

ɹķʽ֣һǻˣ壬ͱ˹һ־ǳҹĸǹǹ

ʵ
ͨ𣿡

Ҷʱ
ȻڰȻαװݣңвʵ
Ҿ˵֮ǰѾ˴ڹͨˣҲ˲ӳġ

ʣʲô

Ҷʱ˵̰ơ

磺
ģͺܳҹ
ֻǮĹ֮

Ҷʱ˵
˵޹Ȼǩ˶Գҹͨһһۼţȴδȥ伩óҹγҹġƻصĹзչ׳󡣡
޹ߵˣ˵پ뿪һǧˣӦǷǳ˼پֻǴû˵ڰˡ




77.     û

һ, Сˣ
ӣ޹Ӧ, ҹɡ

Ҷʱ𣬸С˾
һ, ۺǵֽԱ˱, ǰ¥Ȼ׳, ȴһƬºͰ

ϵĻйһֻ¶ߡҲй, СػһſҪɢĻǡ

С˵
ǹħڵħ壬ǰкˡǽ౻ˣ״ңǲȱ޲ʱܼѡ
εˣ˾Զˡ

˵ͷ
ֻأƶб£ʱ, 㵽ʱ

С֪顣
Ҳ֪ҵìܡ

˵ӣҷ, ˹磬ǵñʮ˲, ܾĥʹࡣ

дŵЦ, ˵
󲻻磬Ϊһǻɢ

Сϸ˼Ƭ̣˵
Ҳͦõġ
ǼΪܸ, ĻǣǺѿסһǴӳȥˣͻˡ

С߹Ļȣ˼ƯӣֻȪɳԺ䡣
󣬺ںΪֺ׳޵ǰ

룺
޵ǺͳҹڹﳣסǼ¥ģơ

Ųƫ޵

޵Уһ꣬ɪɪڵСҽվŹס

޹ڸλ
ͬСɽһ޴󣬷ɫ죬ɷСһüն˯þҹ䲻ֹ

ժǺ紫
ǳҹôôҹĶӵģ

ҹɫҰףòΪΣһ£ȣֹͶ֮˹񣬿Ǹӡ
ǰãǸ޹
˭֪һǹپ

Դص
ժǣǲǹ࣬Ƿࡣ

ժǵһǲ̫š
磺Ҳ̫š

ͨĺ֪Ķ˹پͺס

޹ꡣ
һڣӣ޵¡

ˣǳ¡
ҹɷ˵ʱҪ֤䰲ȫֻ֮ҪϹأ˾ȫϡ

޹
ҹ˶ԴˣȴʶáңۺʹɢȻûнҹɷС
һ磬һɷΥɷɷ涨֮

е
ˣ㲻ٻˡ
ھŲ̷̷ܰͶֻء

ǡ
˳ȥ

ӡ

Ļ˳һְڽϣλϵķͷ񣬵
μ޹

޹
ߣˣȴѭϧգкҪѰҹ磿

˵
һˡ

Сһ
Ӳˣ湻󵨵ġ

޹û

Ҳ˵֮˽ԸͨҪæ£ȻǼ򵥵С¡

޹
˵

ƮһƱ̣ͣϣ۳ʵ壬һ׹θӵɡ

統Ź棬ɡ

һǴɡʳ
Ǹģİ»Ѫ۾һɫҰף
ͣϸԱɢȴʩϵס˻ȥ

ЩɢĻǡ
ǺƺϾҪɢˡ

˵
ͽ䭣Ҳڣɽҡɽ֮ʣ󣬱˱ǽɢ³
ҽޡޡ֪طĲޡЩеֶΣ޷Ȼ䭡

޹˵
ôٱõͷˡ

ҡҡͷ˵
Сʦ壬ҽޣһ䭵ͻǷֿȣҽޡ޺޲壬ɹȡ
ʮ֮ڣɢΪ֮ǰ޲ãصɲһ

޹˼Ƭ̣˵
˷棬ȷС

еĹһ˲

޹һת
ҲӦҪӡٸþ֮ⲻϹĹء

еĹּȥ

޹˵
ɽҾ֣൱ھ˵
Ҳ˼ȣҲһ磬ȴ޹

ʵ˼ǣ

޹˵
ҲĻǣ䣬ǰҹأֻ̨ءºأһӦһĺҲѰɵ

ͷ

ȻʵҲ̫Ϲء
Ѿ޹òˡ

Ĭ֮˵
ãͰ˵İ졣ֻǣֻ̨صʱ򣬿𣿡

޹Ӧʵ
ԡ

ָһ䭵Ļˡ
ӿڹͣЩʱգĻǲãҪȥ̨ʱһ֪ͨӡ

һ񣬵
л

ֱ˵
һ

޹
ֱԡ


֮죬Ȼҵײ֪£ģʱѹ֪꣬¾֮ˣҲѾ⡣
꾡µһ鵱֮¡

Ǽ˵顣
·ôѡ

¹磬Щģ˾æ¡
ֻǿһ˽һЩ°ˣֲҪ۸ĵΥصġ

޹ʵ
ںεأΪΣ

һһ˵ˡ

ǰһƸƮСǰ
ȥ⣬˵

Сƣȥˡ

簲ڴš

޹Ȼ˵
ӣٷʱתҹԻˡ

磬ݶ
ȻЩЭ㴴Ļ죬Ȼ֮·ȴΪ򣬿УӦǻص족

֣ԭˡͨᱻԻع磬پˡ

ͷӦá

ժǺش
磬ɵѽô󣬳ҹռһĹ͡Ҫǻ˹磬ܻܿģ
㲻Ȱع磬뷽跨С

ޱغժǴ
ժǣǸɵӡ
ʲôأʲôƢ¥֪ܲ벻ԼѾԻط磬پ𣿡
Ӻʱȴܾһ磬˵Ϊʲô

ժǲ²


ûд

ժôʵ
ǲǲ
Ϊʲô˵Ұ磬ô˵ǲˣ


һСƻˡ

ɫ죬˵
⵱ķ˸飬Ҳûҵӵ
ӣǲǱˣ˵죬֪֣᲻Ǽٵģ

ҡҡͷ˵
϶ûʦԴΪʩʱӳϡ

С
Ϊʲô

Ϊʲôûأ

ҡҡͷҲ

ϵ֮ʵ̫ˡ
ǸԽģٱ񽣽еڱһս
ؾ̨ͨʯȥڡδؿ飬δ֮ʱʯֱըˡԪӱԪΪʯ޷δ

ЩΪҲȷʵǷԼԭ

ûἰЩ£ֻ̾˿޹˵
ҵע鲻ˡ

⵹δء
޹˵
һϻܻЩۼӣɻǵã㸸ĸİ֮أ

˵ͷһһ

޹˵
ȥѰ˳еˣ֮ǰǷһʧˡ

СЯһ⡣

һΣûпֶ顣
ؽ˹ǰ

ܱ

˵˻Խ̣Խ٣Խ

Щӡ
漴ֱ۾̾һ

ĸǷˣָǵжôʵأ

ɿؿ꣬
ӣȴ֮ҲȷһｲԼɡ

ǰȥӹ



һٶʮǰ

¼Ҽͷ꣬ȴʼӡ
пҩȵҽޣõĽһ¡ǵû⣬

ĵ꣬Ѳӵкӱϣݵĺ̳¼ҡ

˭֪һ꣬·ʱ·ѱһ·ҲƾɣżȻ·ˣͽȥһݡ

֮·˷ضɳ¼ңû£㻳˺ӡ

̥ʮº
Ҳһٶʮǰˡ

ӵĵȴ¼ҷϲǲΰ롣

ϲǺӳƯ
ǵ⺢Ӵӳ˵ʱſһĵطЦ˵ſ

¼Ҹĸ˺ǵǺͺ¡



ժŭ
ƨң

һĽҪժǰ

׺ĸ׽Ƿˡ
СʱθǣǸ˽Сժǡѣֻ棬˺
ҲԷµǡ

磬кܶෲ˿Ĺ֣ҡ

¼Ҹĸǽժǵ˲磬þòȥ岡ҪĶ

Ҳǡ
Ͼժְܺ
¼ҷֻˣû˵ⲻˡ





ΪŮߣ¼ҷ뵽ƭӣҲ뵽һЩЩµޡ

ƭ˵ж
а֮Ǳ¼ҸĸѾˣǼŮԺ彡ˡ

СߵЩƭӣء

˵¡
ʲôҲûУɾĺܡǸСժǡĴڣǺģҪкҽһ֢

кҽֶ˵û
ôĺӣô֢أ

꣬¼ҸĸĴ˸ЩֵŮͿ

ֱһΣ뵽޶˵Щ

ǼҵСȷʵ޶˲뿴Ķ˵֮ⷴȴϡҲѰķ
޵
ǲһĲʲô֪˵Ѱ֮

¼ҷ򸾱㻨ؽ⡣
֮ĸõɳ¼ңһݴ𰸡

СΪ·ͨ죬СˣǷӡƽͣ˽ûгɡ
С֮󣬱Ს죬

һ˵
ϵ˷˴ѵ䣬תΪͯҪץЩ˻ȥܷЩ֮ʱȥ

˵䴫Ժϲ١
𲻴󡪡زۡ

ǡժǡСİֻܿ鲻ΣˣֻỤȫǴɷġ

¼ҷʱѲժǵĴڣΪνġ족һ¼ۡ

ǺòײӣôãôôƯֻĵ

¼ҷʵ
¿н⣿

¼ҸǮĹ࣬ǧõӴĴҲ㹻꾡

н⡣
Сɵߵʳ֤Ϊ·;㲻ἱŴȥˡ
ֻСڶʮ꣬һܲ١

¼ҷ򸾵
˽ٿн⣿

˵ˣ˽޽⡣
ӵ
ү·ˣѡԸСɣС꣬ʦ¼ңСΪͽ

¼ҷ򸾣Ů꣬ͻʮ֮ѡ
ʲôѡģ



˵
ԭ֪ʱᱻʦߡѹǶûκ㽫͸ʦ

Ϊ£֮кܶᣬȴδؼܾ̽ãĸû˿Ҳ¸ĸ
˲׵أΪĪĹִʤ͸ĸƽţ뿪ֿ顣

޹ַһҳ
ûô򵥣ӽſɡ



Ƿһϣ¼ҷѾѡ񣬽ӻȥǧӡ

Ȼģֻܻʮ¡

һи˵ķ

¼ҷ򸾿ʼĴˣѰҷ
ǽԾܾЭ¼ȥȻθϡ

θǧӵʦ
ޱ׼ˡ¶һȣ˿ԣ˸֣ʧ˶ȣ򽫵´ҡ
θʧ˶ȣԽԽааҲʧȥ֮λ뿪

θ¼Ѱתݺûյ˸Ȥĺܣ˵
ҪС죬ôֻҪС㲻ܻȥ𣿡



޹˵
¼һϡ

˹Ļ
ˣʼˣǰˣҲкܶ಻÷鷢ˡ

ʮſĲĽڣǰ꣬ʮ꿪Ҳһ֪ȡ񽣣Լˡ

¼첻顣
ۻĸԵľؾûˡ

绹һЩʣ
ұôȥΪʲô֮ܿ󣬶ʮһ٣

޹
ӣȥˡ
ƣţɵɵ٣ʮ꣬ӭ١
ϵۣһжУ

˵ͷ

ǧ˵ģѸġ
ЩΪѳ죬ʵ˵ѽһжŲˡ

ʵ
Ҷʮ꣬У޷ӵáǧӵܾҸĸ󣬺ΪҪң

˵
ǧ֮Ĳޡһ֮ˡԭˣǧӵĵ
ܾ㸸ĸΪϿϣ㣬Ϊ֣䣬Ǳ

޹˵
ǧ˿ʵȴʦһ裬ԼĵִţһлᣬȻҪв֮

˵ͷ
֮ˣкܶģѣʵϱ˭ִš
ԼҲòȥ




78.  ̨   ̸ֻ

罫˹

޹ʵ
ӻ𣿡

˼Ƭ, ʵ
ҸĸĻǻڹ𣿡

޹һҳ֮󣬻ش
Ƕʮǰֻ, ҽǽϸ֪㣬ص֮, ȥһǡ

, 
л

Ȱ
, ź䳣֮¡Ӧѧ£Ҫ˶ִ, С

֮Ǻԣܳɾʹ
¶ǰ·ʵ̫ϧˡ

˵ͷ˵
Ҷס

ֻʵźһʱԴ



͹̸Ƭ֮һн԰źá
뿪˾ڹ£ۺСסһʱա䭵Ļ޺ˣ˾й֪ͨ, ȥ̨뿪

С
к󣬾ջƹ, ǿջˣ˾

л, ͱС

һֱڿջ, ȥ̨䭵һٳš

ۺǵĻǺ˼
ﵽǹǸˣǸĻ, ҹܻܿɧҡ

ժԺöʵһ

磬ǳȥɣã˷Ǹ˵ġ

ʵ
㲻¹𣿡

ժƬ̣˵
㲻£ҾͲ¹

˼Ƭ̧̣ʱһ˿ζЦ⣬ֶӡ

˵
ٸ㽲һɡ
ǰһѧãѧһͬǽԺϧûжΣһֱڡ

죡
ժŶ䣬
ҲҪ

˴ֱӰժǵԺ
ѧɣ뿪ʱһҵӣ˾һ뻭ʦΪǻһźϻ
ŻڻУȥͬ

ժǲҽе




ջ棬ڽϵĹǷ׷פ㣬ʮɻ

˭ڹУ
еҲ̫˰ɣ˾̵ĵطһֱۺɣ

ջվڽ˵С˵
˼ۼҽӴλĹͣһλ̫ϰ߹磬Ƚ¹ԲŽлֹ

ʵ
Ĺͣģ
𣿡
б½Щô¹أ
ǻǴģ


СЦ𣬵
˿ҪСһƣ˵ܹλء



ôڿջʮա
ڵʮʱСڴ˾ţ˵䭵ĻѾˣѾ̨ˣ͵ֻˡ

С˵
ӣҴȥ̨

Ӧ
ãʰһ¶ȥ

С˳᷿š

һ߰ЩʱʹùĶǬװһժǣ
䭻ˣ

ժ˵
ʮˡ

˼Ƭ̣ʰ

ţժһ⣺
ҿ¥µСٶȶܿ죬ֵٶӦҲ
ժǣĽܵӮ𣿡

ժ룬ش
һ
ˣܶȡ㡣

˵ͷ

ժʵ
ʲô

ûлش˿䣬˵
ʰˣ߰ɣȥ̨



̨ۺǺԶ

ۺǺҪһֱУƬĻȪغɳκš
κǰò˽ʱʱ˳һݸ·Ĺꡣ

κź棬̨
С˵
ţÿκŵĹ궼ҪͶ̥ģǰȴǰ

˵ͷ
Ư

С

ŵα

ԭǸӣƤֺơ
ŵĹʱΪеܺ£ҲϺҪ©ǿࡣ

ǹʱ򣬿಻ԡǱҪź˾취ùǹԹԺ

Ҳ֪˭⡣
űĽˡ

Ͷ̥Ĺǵ̬˼ĸı䡣

Ƕ.ҩҲˣ
һٺһ𣿡


ĻһЦ
ҲƯ
𣿡

С
Сæֹ
Ͷ̥ģߣǸ޺õĲлС

СóƸſ

˺ź
GӰ
ϧˣҪģͶ̥ûƷҵˡܺúȵģ˼ƲһǰԵ롭

磺
ллһҲƷ

С
ӣǹŰɡ

˵ͷһš

߹κź󣬹任

ǰŨصĺҹϦһƬůĻƻ֮дƬƬʢģ޺ɳ

ǻ룬һ̳һԲ̨Բ̨һԲεˮ̶

С˵
Բ̨̨ˮ̶ֻصͨˮ̶УͶ̥ˡ

̨ϡ
޹⻹š
û÷֣࣬һ޺·Ļۣò㣬ͳҹơ

̨

֣ƾһģ˹
Ǿ䭡

磬
ʦ

ĻѾ޲ˡ
Ҳӻ˹ܱʶˡ
̨֮ǰ˵ɽк磬ϵ̨

Ѿ̨

䭹˵
ͽТ֮ʣͷʦΪұȪ

û˵

䭼
ͽ츳ޣŬ㣬һ꣬һ޳ɡܻɽԱʦ飬㡣
ͽǰԵ֣ҲͷʦĪҪѹʦͽ֮顣

̧ͷʵ
˵Ļ

⵱Ȼǡ

򴽣
ʦҡ
ʦδҿɷǰԵΪʦͽܣ

粻𻰡

޹
ӣӦɡΪ֮ӣ츳ף񼫺ãǸͽܡ

ЦЦַ䭣
ɵϣ̸ʲô

˵ţץס䭵ֱۣһţЯͽܵĹ̨֮꣬⣬ɳ֮У

˵
Ե
ҵͽܣӦֻ֮أԶҪȪ

磡

ɭȻצŮ޺ӦֻصĻǡ
Ҳж׳

ȡɡС
к׼õɣ£ѹǵ飡

أκź̨ҡ˼¡

˿Ҳûͣ
̤Ϻڽˮ

޹ŭţȵ
磬㾹ҵ꣡

翴ĴŨ񽣽֮У˵
ժǣܲܳɹ·Ϳˣ

ڿգѸ׵磡

ժһ߷һߺ纰
ܲܵñȹʱҾ͸뵽Ҫʲôˣ
磬㳹׵ˣԺһҪֻأɽ磡Ȼ䵽УɾͲˣ

վڽϣȪĹ紵ڷͰ£¶һЦ
ʲôϻҵȻҪɣԶҲң

ſ⡣
⻰ֻ˵ժġ

׷ں󷽵Ĺ˸ŭ
Ǹӣ



ޣӡ

ҹվںӰϣңˮ
ѵʮգڵʮյʱʱˮ˱ȴǰӿࡣ

ġ
էһ˴гӰ

ҹ԰׵ϹǳǳЦ⡣
Ҫкͼ米ˮٴζ׷˳һֻ´ˮ档

ҹ

Ƶı
¥ߣ

ҹס磬¹Ƭ̺󣬱㻯ΪɢӺϡ

ǽ
ô죿
ӦûЯǻǻɽֱȥݰɣ

׷ˡ
޹
ɽڣ޷ǵǡ

ʵ
¾ôˣ

޹˵
ǩͨΪط»Ȫڹ磬һաˮʴ֮ࡣ


Ļ



׷ҹֿˡ

ɡҹ䭵ĻǻɽûδɢЩڻ֮С

ǰħǡ
Ԫӱ͹ǰҹţ˵ǰħrͣڼֵ֮С
æ䭵£ճ׼ȥʰɽӳħͷ

һ࣬ǵħǡ

Ԫӱ͹ڼֵ⡣

֮˵
ӣǰħ˼ֵ󣬾ûжˡʮ죬Ҳ£֪Щʲô

粻̫ţ
ȷ棿ǴӼֵܵ˰ɣ

Ԫӱ˵ͷ˵
ûģ϶档

磺
rڸЩʲôıƣ

ժǽ˵
ҽȥ

绺߽˼ֵ

ֵһǧǰһż̳̳̼ϣŽҺѪ
rƼֵδЩۼط䵽ֱӽˣûд

ûôֱ̳߽˴

Ԫӱû˵ħrȷʵ⼫ֵ
һ£ŵλĽβ˽·̨ϡһӣĲɵذš

Ų
rŲæ
ӣˣ

ûֱӰν

šüͷŵr

λǰħһħɢ
ʱ״̬죬Ծ˵ﲻԡ

ŗͷ˵
ӣͷһɡ

ʵʲô

ħr˵
ҴҪˡ




79.  Ƿծ   󣬴Ǯ

㣿
õrڽЦ

ħɢ, Ϊ粻ơ״ڸ磬ⲢЦ, ħͷġ

r߹ߵſڡ
ħǵķ, ҲܿմѪĹż̳

rе, 
һٶǰ, ԵħڣҵСӾʱڵƣ

ӹǿ, дšr֡
꣬Ӿ͹ĳһѾյηϡ

r˵
ǰһǧİǰʱ

ʵΪʲô

r͵
ʱħڹħʹѪħС
ħԶӡѪ̣ǽ˹ż̳ԡ졯Ϊɣ˻, ߰Ƥ⣬ȡ֡

ǶԼƷѡ񡪡
ѡ˵ͼ, ܾϲ۹⿴ĻѪΪƷǶԻѪƷ˲̵ʱйۿ߶ڽкá

ӵֽ˽
鷢ǰ, ŻֱӰν, ż̳

˵ǡ

r˵
Ǹħ֮ĻѪһǧİٶǰħڵʱĵȨѡļƷ

ؽĵΡ
ơ

r
ħҪҡ׼һ, ʱĻ·˹ż̳һеңҲô˻ˡ

ѵ·ϣħޡҲܾãųɹʦҸѧ˺ܶණҲСͯǹģ
ʦͷһصޣССħһһħڡ

һʼŵǸҪЩۣһˡһţҪıѪܵĲԴһû
ҵ˾ҰľʹεһλȨһͳ磬ССĻѪٸԴѪԴңҲͽˡ

Ĭû˵
ȷʵǻġ

ͺԼһʼҲֻţҪ˳Ťת
ʱʲô֣
ĴС󣬴ӽװˣװ硣

rı仯˵Ǻǻ
˵һҲȷʵ˻ѪǣһЩȵˣԺˡ

r˵
ҶȨִ̫ˡҵħֻŶԸħıȡ磬ûκ˱ԭúáûġ
Ҳˣҵ޾֮λŻᱻߡ

ҲȦףɽꡣ
r˵
òײѣҪޣһصħ֮ȴ֮λϸá

˶ƽҿ֡һʼȣȴ˾ȵĻѪ
˵Ǹľ

rûдֵľƣ
ħޡλ֣ȨִҷˡѪı䣬ʼǵźҲʧˡ

һգƻ촷ۡ

оƺֱһ̣˴ӹż̳̼Ϸִ븴ֻ뿴һʢá


ʲô졣
ۣ

ħס°ͣ
ҵλãҵĳ񣬺ұ.˰ꡣһǺϲ㣬Ȱǰϲˡ

ժǽһأ
־Ų

rЦһſ֣˵
ⱩƢҲϲ

Ž߳˼ֵ

Ԫӱ͹æشʵ
ʲôˣôҪף

ش
ǼһˣϾҪˡ

ħͷҲܷ

Ԫӱ
û˵سɷ𣿻˳ɷȺ׶ˣͬɣ


뷴־úе

罻
֪ͨħ̳ߡ˳Χ磬Ҫײħǡ

ǡ



ողãһ׾
Ϊr̫࣬Ҳףһͽֵը˸飡

ʯ֮ȼմ
һֻûзΧһƬڵĴ

rһ£վ̺ϡ
ƾ׼ͦΣûһ˿ҡΡÿһףϻЩˣΪҲһ㡣



һһߡ
һˣ

Ԫӱһؽ磬һŽµס

һ˵׺
켣֮У׵ɢէһ⡣
ǵ˵rϣϽڻΪɢ˿Ҳȫϡ

ǵ֮ƺˡ
ǽԱ۵Ĺâţò

ۣϡ˹֣

rվڽ֮Уͷ磬
ˣټӡ

¡

r⡢ƽʧˡ
ǰļֵ߲ѳһƬ棬ҪΪոֻһΡ

ͷ˿Լơ
˷Ϊ־һ֡

rһߣ۵ˡ

ժǵ
һﻹķˣ

˵
Ǹħͷɱôˣк;𣿡

˵
ǸħͷҲǸλ޵õҲȹ
;ΡǾͲˡ



ݣɽ

ҹЯɡء
䭻ĵʮգ޿ɾҩֻ졣

ɡһҲʺϼ䣬æµ

ɡ
ɽɸĵ޺æǰæţһҩģһǸġ

ĵҲæȹơ

ԪĿյϣһݲݣ˵
ôȣȴʲôæﲻϡҳΪԼ̫ûãоԼǸ롣

ҹЦ£
ôûأ
ھд;

ԪǵŵĲݣɻҹ

¹޽һհ׻һָ̣ں棬ϱī

һصĵͼɡںδеܵͰҪ

Ԫ˼
ôҪȥˣ

ҹ˵
壬ֻԼĿģϧҵļ壬һգǳµ鷳

Ԫ׾þûлӦ

ҹʵ
Ǹе𣿡

ԪЦһִʿʼͼ˵
ٻһЩġ
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ԪÿһʽԻ꾡ܵͰıīһ߻һ˵
¥ڶԽɽԸҴʦֵգҿ׼Ļˡ

ҹ

ҹǺ£ʵ
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Ԫ˵
ʦǺˣкܶˣֻҪҲݲ±ˡ
Ľ˺ܶ࣬¥һҲࡣ

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ֻ¥ѧһѧˣĽصĵҪ˵ڡ

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ѾܲˣɢĹԿ
ʵΪʲô

Ԫ˵
֮ˣΪ˾磬ۻ㹻ѲԶˡ
¥ǹûз·ѰһǾҲ޷ʱףϣΪͣ˼𣿡

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Ԫ֪Լ˵̡

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ý𣿡
˵ΪΪ𣿡

ҹվֱӱһźɢˡ

ǧӻվԪ׺󷽣˵
Լ˵ڣȨ㲻

ԪЦһʵ
ôҸո¥ʱǧôվסأ

ĬɽҰ֮ӡ

ãǧӲ˵
Ҳ֮ͣⷲУΪǷϣ뿪ϣֻأһжܹõĵط

Ԫ׵˵ͷ˵
Ҳ



¥

¯
¯ȼյ֮УϡܼһӰϡҩģڻлΪӰ֮С

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ѱһȡһͶ뵤¯

򿪣ʮɳǲ԰壬뾭֮С

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ɡ

еĻǣţʽ¯֮С
Ƶϻǣϴ
ǡ壬Ǳ֮е࣬صһ£ſʼһһ֮䣬תھ

ͬһʱ䡣

۷¥֮ϣš˾޴С׵֣ģں¡ͬʱصȥ¥С

С
׳һϡɹǡ

¯Ե

׹⽵ɲǣף¯ɹں˵֮Һʽ䭵֮У

ѱѰ˻꣬õɹǺ죬ҲԽ˳ϵظչ

¯ըͬʱ
֮е˫ۣ



֮һ
Ԫӱصɽ

һɽ;ò̫Ծʵ
¥أ

ɽԭ¥ĵطѾһƬڷ棬ĵطǻúõġ
Ҳǳʲôµӡ

䭺ϻʱһΪ
ǧ˵
ϻѳɣѹһΣֻȥˣƵȻǺӦŻѡ

һ˵
˾ͺá

ǧӵһ¡

磺ţ

ǧ˵
ȥɽ¥ɣɽɸ˶¥Ҳһ鷳¡

粻Ԫӱȥˡ

ɽ¥˶¥˷

Ͻҩ¯߸ڽ¯һʮĵرҩǧƣɽɸΪһ˶ʮ߸޺ޣа
Įһ˵
һǧ߰ʮǧʮƽ𣬻ɼƷʯİپʮ򡭡


վſס˶䡣
Ѿˡ

ôǮҪͿСҲ


ԺͷĨˡ
θǮƽʯƷҲԣֻҪɸҪġ

ҹ˵һ˵
ǰ͸ɸ𣿡


ɸҪ

Ųص˹ס˷ӣҪȴǷвС

ȻǷ֮ǲỹǮġ
ʶ۵ƽ

ֱӳ鿪ӣסĺ죬˵
Ǯ֮ǰǵĸѺˡ

磺




80.     ˹֮


Ǯ֮ǰ, ǵĸѺˡ

ת飬ʲôһ¶һЦ
æץס, ˡ
ôˣСʦ塣

, ʹӷܵ, ʾ޶˵Ҳˡ

ҹȻҲ, ȣʵ
ӣһᾡǮġ

Ҳһݣ
ǾͰ, ¥

ҹ˵ͷӺ;޶˵ر뿪ˡŸһ̤뿪ɽ¥ûסЦ˳

ǧվ⣬ʵ
¥ʲô˵£

ҹ˵ر׸ǧӣ
ڸˣЩǮûˡ

ǧӣ
ҹôģ
ҩˣ

Զҩ̶ȶԣҩͲˡ



ʵڹʲô

, ĻᰴҪҽκ䭵ĻǣŻ뿪
һʲô˵Ĵ¡

ڷˡ
һ, Ʊƣ˵
Сʦ㳢һ, ƿɺúˡ

תƻ⡣

磺
, в̫ˣʦ岻úŪˡ

ֻ̨ܽǵ˵ˡ

ƱƷһڡ
׾, ӵĹڴݼظ೤ȷǺþơ

һҲǵ顪ˣʲô¶
ʱ
ͨ죬ܵظҲûа취

˵
ˣ¹磬Ҫˡ
ǰ·ֻʣ·ˡ

һ֧˵
ұҲֻ


Ҳǡ

˻еıӣ˵
Ʋ


ϡУһһٶʮöʯƾĹϵƾ͸ۣһöʯһ
СʦҪٺ

±ӣ̧ͷؿ
ͷˣ

ϴиɻЦݣ˵
Ƿ˾ծȻҪ취ǮǮôծ


ǾʹծֿۣҴʮǿٻһǧöʯ


ϵЦݿˡ



ֹա
Ժ۾

һ̧ͷ㿴ڴߣŸ豭һһ߿羰
գգ۾֮ǰļ䣬һһԺ֮ӿ֡ƺǵãкܶΪ˶ͣǴӹ̨͵

ƿǴߵˣҪȥ

ȴʱعͷ
ָһס䭵ϥǣҲȥ

ɻʦ

ߵǰɫ
䭣ҵͽܣɱ΢ɵͷϥ
֮ǰҲƽϣ˺¶ֵĲұ㽫ʦš

һ磬Щų˵Ļ뱻ʦš
ͷֱ磬Ӧһ
ǡ

չ
ҵͽܡ

ʱţ˵
ʦãʦ֡Ѿɽˡ

ص


˵
˵Ļϸһ롣

º뿪ˡ

䭵ͷ˿ԼƣΣָ߬ȭ룬ԼǸøıˡ
ҪΪʦһˡ
޷׷ϣҲҪһЩһЩҫĿ



Ŷɽ¥

ɽ¥֮ǰըˣڲŸո޸ãûüΡڵҪص㣬ɽ¥

˴

һ£ſڵعͷټϻźɫƣ
ֻ˫۾Ųڵļһȥ룬ǡ

к
ʦ֣ôˣ

ҽġ
Ԫ߽˴
㲻Ҫ飬һڣͶһְա

Źֵ
ʦ֣ôҵҵذ壬˸ое֡

Ԫ֪²ʲô
ԣҾǲФȻûʦҪ档

ü֮˼ǳЦ⣬
ǻǺǰһ

Ԫ׶ͺˡ

ǰɽɸʱ
Ԫÿϣһһ٩˴ˣżҲһ±˺
ɽɸϿŹ棬ǵ̳˺ܶ໨治Ƿţһᱻôӱ

ʦҲѾѹˣ¥ϡ
Ԫ׵
ȥɡ

˵ͷ
ʦһ̤¥ݣ˶¥

ǧӡҹԪӱʶۣѾˡ

翴ʶۣĿͣƬ̡

ʶü壬
ʲô

ġ
ʦֶ̬ȣͰǰ޶¡

ʦ˵ʶѾʧ˹ħм䡣
ļͣ˰֮ǰ
ǵԼںɽ磬ǵԼΪʦöСʦνҲǵǷƽ𡣵֮⣬Ͳǵʲôˡ

Ǻȥ
㲻ˬ

ʶ۾ĪͷСַֹʲôëˣ


ʶۣôʦ˵

ʶ۲ŵ

ŽƵ߽
ûëë

ڷ£Լһ裬еһڡ

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㡭

δ˵ڡ

˵
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Сʦδƫĵе
ʦö죬Сʦƾʲôֹֹֻ磿ûֹСʦ

Ԫʶ۵ļ˵
ʦ֣˰ɣë

ʶһ˹ȥ
˵ˣȷ

ʶۣ
Ϊʲôһƫ磿
ǹԻҩˣ

Ԫóһᣬһš
һ̿ˡ

ȡһηֽ漸ʣеıī˹ֽ棬ǰ

ɽȣʡ
صľɫ

ԪҪ֮ǰһֳ˷˵
λԽ˵л
罣šҽš
̫̫Ҳţڸ·ϣӦò֮󣬾ͻᵽɽˡ

ɻʲô

ֹ֣Цŵ
Գɽȥ

˷׷߳ɽ¥
ǳɽڰʱͿɽ£һƬ˺

彣ɫʲͬƷĽǽԾڴ˵ء

Զдڸ
ǳ󷨣߾ģƵ

ѭıЩ޵Դ̫ڡ̫ڣš
ϸϸһټ֮࣡

ֻˡ

б޺޵ħޣǰЩں·ħħǸ

ɽ£ħ档
ûзĦǶһۣĬһͷ͵ûпԷ

ǡ

ǧ˵
һǰдأУúҪޣ壬֮

ҹЦŵ
Ҷ壬һ

Ƕ
󣬶κи



ޣء

峤ϷҪȥɽںˣɽûûˡ
һ·һ̸

᲻ѰӦ뿪ԶǨŶ԰ɣ

Ҷôġ峤ͳǲͬⰡ

Ҫ뿪أҲûҲһ˶ͻûġ

ҪҪ

˵ޣֻǷػˡ


һ˵ŻӽģҲǿϴ׳

ԶԶأ·һˡ

һ£ڷڡż򵥣ҲӢӿƬ̣ŷֱһŮӡ
վ£ֽסһƬƮҶӡ

ƵأǸпɻ
ƽĹŻܳɾᣬҪˣôûأ

󱲣

ʵ
˭
еĿ𣿡

˻ش
ɵǽأ˽ӽġĸĿܵ

֣󱲡
¶ƽ͵Цݣ
ǻ鶯ҶЩɱˡ

⻰ǡ

һ˿ʵ
㵽˭

硣
½Цʵ
ٶ˰ɣȻˣһ˵ҵ֡

£̧֣һɫ

һǻ

ӣ
˶ӣ

峤ͳǣ
峤ͳڱչأݴ򡭡
ʱ򻹹ʲôչزչصģ

֮¶أһƬҡ

˻æߵصıԵҪӳȴӲӲײһϡ

Ȼ̧ͷ

һüۺЦ˫ǵķ۷Ů϶棬Цŵ
·ͨӴ

漴Ů
Ӱո£Բ̬֮Ӳҧ



󷨶ɵϳְͣͬһӣϡ

󷨾ĵ
壬Ҳ겻ֵ©

ܣ׼õĹ֡ħޡޣӰڿյһ˲յźһ㣬ء

֮˾ֲѡ

ô£
׷ʲô

ۣҹȳ֣ȥЦ⣬
ȻǱӦˡ
ϸƣЩ֮ˣѹˡ

˵꣬һλΪɢ

屻֮ŵòᣬе
ǹжˣ

Ӧ

֮һƬңֻд˷ľͲҽȴûлߣƽϢ
ûãѪȾƬء

Ǵ
̵ģɲֻй

ࡣ
֮Խˣҽɣ̫ڡ
ˣɽ

񶾣֪ȡɽˣң
Ǿҩȵҽ޺͵޵ǰ棬Ǹǻƣǽһƽ֮裡
Ҳøˣ

ɽɸĵ޺ҽ޺
ҽ޺͵ôˣǲҪƲҽ޺͵ޣǰθҽޣܴĺܣ
ҽ޺͵Ҳܺģ

ǳ
սԶ㣬ԹǵĺԮ

ԪվԶ߷ϣһС

ҡҡͷ˵
꣬ޣնʮ𾴣׹̲
֮ȴ䵽߸ΧʿַͬĽ֡

˵
¡

Ԫ˵
˭˵أ
£бӦġ첻ֱӦҲ



Žתȥֱֱ߹ȥ

ûһͷײڿƤϡ
ֱӴ߽һƬء

֮ڣٻƣʡ
绷Ƭ̣˼֯һҲȥжˡ

Ще㹻ʮˡ
Ҳѹ̰ռΪС

ҲΪǵ̰
ޱĵطݽߣз˲ƲӣҲ첻аУ˹
޵ķײ׺İա

ߵǰƬ̡
ժǽҪ󷨻ٵ

󷨻ˣͻΪá
飬ްյýࡣⷽ棬Ҳ˲ű

޵δطһһƬʷ

ʱӰӺ󷽴ڳֱ磡

ױһ
һµֿͻȻͬˮ׾ٵرһ˵Ĳ

һˣһرɫᴩࡣ

˵ڵϣòϣϡ·Ͻƿ̽ɫϷģľȸǵ̵ĹŹ֡
òӦþԪ˵Ĵϡ

Цŵ
ʦ֣

ʶ۵ɫȴ̫ã
Ľá

ɱ˵ַÿˡ
⡣

׼Ҫһ¡

һ
ӣ

̧ѭȥ
һˣƤݻɿÿҪϵȥ

֯ġ
ʯ̨ϣͬ磬

ҵ峤ס

Ԫ˵ǸϺϵˣ֮䲻֪˶ٱ֡
Ԫ׻磬ֻҵĳϣ峤ѾǷǳ״̬ˣ˱ס

˵
ȫϵ󷨣Ҳöˡ

粻⣺
ҲҪٵ𣿡
ΪһӦ𣿡

˵
ֻǻЩ˵
ʱҪ󷨣˼ңٻϼ仰ʱɡ




81.  ƽϢ   ·ˡ

սժǽ
峤ֻҪһ춯, еĽͻȡ¶Էͷ­

Ѿʶֶζսթ׷ɾ衣

ŵ
˵

׽ĶУȴδԴ΢, ƺǽҪˡ

׻ʵ
ģǷ

˵ͷ, ϵǡ

ӿĵ·
̧ͷ, Ƥ˫۾, ƺʲôΪõ
ҪȥϵҪĹ, Ĺأʲô¶ǹ˵
Ϊ磬Ҫ÷磬Ҫ꣬ȻʵۻҪ֡

ɫû˿仯

׼
ͻᣬǰ·ܾܿáǧ, ȵԪʱ򣬿

ʵ
Ȼ⸱𣿡

Ц
Ϊڲ, ЦʮֹŹָ֣ץľ塣

ֻҰ, ȴ֪жظ, ﻷţ֮֡
Ц⣬, 
ҪҲΪô꣬ʮֵá
ЩߣϳԵԶжٻף˷ǣ˵ź

¶һȻЦݣ˵
Ϊִŵĵ֮˴һ壿

ˣǸǺεȵķ̣ʱĲֹǧǧģιˡ

˵
ս׷ɣ𣬹¿롭к𰡣

Цһ£
ﻨ㣬պ֣ʢ
𣬿ɴء

Žǰּ
ˣܶˣѾܾûмˡ

ɻ
˵ô࣬ĵģΪʲôûһ˿ҡ


ҾĶ࣬ħ𡭡ΪﶯҡҪΪЦ

׶ؿ

Ž߽ʵ
峤㻹Խ𣿡

׶翴ãƺǻкܶ໰˵ף˵Ҳûã޷ҡ磬㽫Щ
Ĭ֮۾

𽣣һᡣ

δ˿ͷ­
ϵͷ­һһ𣬻һ̲֮࣬ϡ

ûˡ

һ̾壬ڽ

ʩϵ󷨣ʼ⡣
ڸȡĹҲʼήˡҶƬپʼʧȥ̴ɫ󣬻Ϊɿݻɫһ顣

ʼˣٽ׺ǿʼɢ˷ӿ
޴أɺѾõغͺӴ±Ϊ֮ء



أս졣
ޡħֺ˴һ°ȾѪһƬҡ

֨

λģǿ֦ҶïյĹȻ˱
Թ֮£Ƚޱȵĸ

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˴忴ı仯ֱӹ

׿ľȣ
˲ܲˣ޺
ҲƹˤҪͬᣬľʹԽ׺ݡ


ǺηӦЩѾס
ˡ

峤ʧ·ѾеͷˣҲûǰΡ

ǧվԶһƬҵսŵ
ܷ²ĶץҰĴֶζ࣬ȻవףѶʳǰȥժ

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һ߷ϣԪ׺۹ս

µʵ
ʦ֣治ȥ𣿡

Ԫױ۾ҡҡͷ˵
ˣԽԽġ

ĬƬ̣˵
ζǲ̫ܡ

Ԫͷ˵
Ҳãﲻر׽

룺
Ȼȷʵǲ̫ܣ϶ûĿ̹ǡ

⻰ԪֻҲｲ
˰̡



졣

֮󲿡Сֱ
Ưأľۣ¥ڻȼգصѪ

ҽ޺͵æҽߡ
δ˵ǣǸԷ乤˻Ѻ壬о֡

治ðϧ
Ԫ׼һֻ˿ڵĻƿ̾Ϣ
Ǽһӵˮ죬ǰéҲ֪ܲޡ


ս˭һƿ

⻨ƿʲôãܱսȥｽضҪСİ

Ԫӱ룬Ԫָ˸
ǱץţǱߣȥޡ

Ԫ׾ȵ
ڣ

ԪӱںãצҲײеĺܣֲϧ˭ùײͱл·ˡ

Ԫӱ˵
Ǹ·ĴҪڣһõܶǮ


Ѿȥˡ

Ԫף
¥Ǯʲô

Ԫ׳ĬƬ̣˵
һ»ȥ޲

磺
Ҳõĺ˳ְ



ҷɢʰս

ͬǷֿ󣬾߳أѰһƬĵطš

һЩɫ
˶æô͵

Ŀ֪˵Ƿ

̧ͷЦʵ
һս࣬ӦûûȫõҽΣСʦôˣҲ͵

컬ࡣ

Цеģ˵
лޡ

һʹ
ʹʹʹʹҶ䣡

ɿ֡

۽ǺᣬűšĶ䣬Сس˳Χû˺󣬲һ

Թ
Сʦң繲һ˳ˣඪӰ

ú죬ֱʵ
ѾˣҪʲô

米ţһɢָ̬˵
ҪɶءųףֲޣҪ취ƽȻµ鷳

Ļ
ҲЩ

ҪΪʲôԼǰ·Ĵ㡣

ù⣺
ȻˡӦûкܳһʱգҪԺ֣ɽˮ̽ġ

˵˵ȥҪ

Ĭ

ΪԼҪˡ

ҽ޿ڵ
ȥδ棿Щ߹һЩطҾû

ҡ
Ҳ˵
һҪܿòĵط˵ģʲôʫ黭ɽˮҸͲȥ



֮ǰʵ
Сʦ壬ֻңԼأ֮ʲôѾӸ֮λ£ûʲôˣ㻹Ҫǰһ𣿡

ػͬһʦ̳ʦֵܡ

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ûʦְֵң

жΡ
ҲҪӭõƽͣûʲôֵ̫õǵĵط

ϣԺ·ΪԼС

ͷ硣

ã˵
ҵȷҲһŻͣȥѰһЩӡ

ȻҶȥϸ˵²Ȥ֮ҪȥѰġ
ƽͣ
ɽɸʱҲһĵķɡ˸Σ㽫Լˡ
Ҳʰˡ

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Сʦ壬Ҿһȷ

ѡ˵ˣ
Ҿػȷ

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˵ʦ׻ɲˣ
չصȷһٶˣ϶ħrħɢˣɽؾţ֪ʱܷأ



һս֮󣬸ޡ

ħȥɨӰ졣
˷ָҪ޲ҵľá
ҽ޺͵Ǿβˣ޲Ǹ֮˲ֻҪѧʮ꣬ʮɷ硣

Ѹ𽥳޸أֻҪԸƬϳɵ˲żüõһա



֮һлȶ

ɽٿᣬĸŸɲ롣

ڼῪʼǰѾ֪ݡ
һˣ룬ʱԼ򣬲ר϶ԣΥ⹲ַͬǴ

ߣɻǮԴƶΣպʱҲɻΣѡ

ССֵòμӡ

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һռᣬɸ֮ʵȴԵڶɵӣɽֳʮֵ׳ۺ֡

Ъ

ƶȲƣԺ϶׶˵ѽ

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Ӿͳ˱綥˵䣬ר϶ԣͬ£Ҳѽ

飬Ҳ򲻹

ǿҪˣ˼ֻȥϵɣŲ뵱ʵۡ


׷ײ

ʱܿῪĻ
˽̧ͷ·嶥ϣһݡ

˭֪ٳûг֡
ȴΣֻǧӣ˷嶥

أ
ȥˣ


ǧӵ
ںɽչˣᡣ

ʵ
𣿡

˷׷ҡͷ
û⣬Ȼû⡣

꣬һֱ漰Ļ飬ǧ֣Ȼϣϸ룬ͦʵġ



·֮ûгϯᣬֻԹ۵ķʵȥˣ

һţ
Ǹոȥʦãʱˡ¥󣬲Ӱֻš

š

̫أܻҲ̫ģרע֤
Σѽ⣬ûм£¶˵飬ͷλҷˡ
ҽ뿪ɽɽˮһأԵ֣ɽȼ䡢ϡĺ

˵ֱ׵㣬ǡ
εͷ·ˡ

š

ޡ޼޾ңԺҳַ䣬ֻ֪¾봫ͨѶ
м£ôѰҡ

˵
ôѰ

˰Ѻ˵
ʦȻôдʵϣûаĴǡ
֪ʦõĴ𣿡


Ĭ

ˡ
Ҳ֪

ǳ·ˡ

ţ˵
ȷܸɳ¡




82.     Сͽܡ

, һ¥

һ¥洦ѰһλˣժǵЩ㣬ԪӱҪ
һ, ȲԵģĺܡ

һ, ˵ˡ

ϼԲƬһ¥ôǫ̃, ʵ
տʲôţ

Сǰ, һÿһƬϣдű

翴Ƭ, 
⡶Сͽܡɡ

һ˵ţǮϡ
¥Ĺأ˭Ҫ˵Ҫ˵ʲôӣ͵øǮĿ

С۲ؿ˿Ǯľܾ
Уǵҹɸɳס˵⻰пܱꡭ

ժǺ
Ϊʲôᱻꣿ⻰ʲôݣ

Сѹ˵
ػʦСͽĹ, Ľʦ𣬿ϧʦ, Ϊ˵õʦڷ֮Ѱҩ, µʦĲ衭

ͣ

ʦ, Ҳ˫飬ֶԹ𡣶ҷҩ, ػ

ʵ
ǵǴѰ⻰ӵģ

Сش
ѽɸˡ
СԵνɡҽްҡ繲ҹ

磺
ҹġ
š

ժʮֵز⣺
أĽӰ룬÷ΪʲôûдĻӣ

磺
ժҲˣ

С
÷Ȼ࣬.ʺϱ໰ӣڶгϸ콵

ժǣ

⻰ⲻܼ̽ȥˣʵ
ʲôĽĿ𣿡

С˵˾ԵȣתȥȡһϵĽĿˡ

˵
ͽµһˡɡ

ϣȥ
СǮ̨ȥˡ

˵ڽ
µһӵĹ£Ҫһٶǰڸ֮ңţչϵ츳·¼ҵʦһۿУΪӡ

ժɻ
µһ˲Ӧػ𣿡

С̾˿
ǰˣʦʱѾȥˡ˲֪˲ʦСͽ磬µһ

С˵
͹ʦĹ£ȥ˵һ£

˰֣
û˵Ĺ¡

˿Լͦ˼ġ

Ƥȷˣʱº޲ڸӰԼȥ

С֮

һ߹Сվǰ

̧ͷˡ

ǸȹŮƤ𪣬ϸϴ͸ıŻһͼȡ
Ѿߺʹӣһ֪ǳڸ֮ҡ

ͷδ𣬻ɢŵģӦǻδ޵ĹС㡣

ʵ
ʲô𣿡

С㿴磬ʵ
ܾ죬ǲ

ѾӣƺС㣬̫ð̫ͻȻˣŵ˼ҵġ

ûн⣬ʵ
ʲô֣

ǹС˵
ѡ

Ƭ̣Ŀ˵
Ҳǰء

޹תغͰ֡

׽֣ͽѡ
رⶫɳǣа֣СͣӦǶӦϵġ

ɳǾΪ̽Ѿתĸĸû뵽ûȥѰˣ˾Լˡ

ϸϸƬ̣
С㣬ҹӦ㳣а

ѺͱѾ߽¶˾ȵı顣

ѵ
Ϊ֪

ָָԼ˫ۣЦ
ɵˣá

С֢״Ѱҽްæ
һƣݸѣ
ɽɸСúţԺʲô£ôίɸ㡣

ѽӹƣл

ȴһʧǽٷǮ

СһĻ
û뵽Ŀˡ

ƣɻ
ҵǰʲôϵأ

Ѿѵ
С㣬ˡ

ѻͷ

һŽ˹Ĺ¥Уһţѡ
ߵǰ
ôһ¥ȥ¥ż

ЦüҶϲ⣬
˺Ѱҡ

ӵѰأ



ڷϣһˮ
ˮӳģǲ¥ĵĹСЯ϶¥龰

ժ˵
벻תҲǰһ㣬ҪһԾ¡ʲôԵ֣Ե

ǹӣйת

ժ˵
ǰ첻׼£ԵľҵծۻתӦöòŶԡ
ΪֻȴĺܣʲôëûУ

˵
ಡȴ١ҵ㿴ͦģʮ꣬ͻһˣǸˡ

ԪӱҪô죿

ժҡҡͷ
ô죬ɽɸϸŵ㣬вʱ¡

˵
ɸһ£С㿴ʱ˳һ¹Ӷ£

ԴԪס

ԪȻһڴӦ
û⣬ɸרҵĺܡ
ʦ㣬ôȥˣ㴫ʲôʦãʦá

ֱӶϵ˴
ǽ֪ĴԺӾҲвˡ

Ԫӱժǣ
ԱûĻǻҵȥԣ



ڶ޳Ժ֣ɽˮ
żʿ£ҵаˮ

ҲӰ
ֵӰ

ת֮䣬ȥˡ

Ѿ˶ޣȥޡҪʱۣ֮׹ͽ֣ͬƺҪˡ

ôѰԪס
ƺǼǺ£ԪûĴ

ֻûʣѰʶۡ

ʶ۽͵
·ɽؾʦҪˣҪ𣿡

˵
еԶҸϵɽؾѾףǽˡ
ڸĻʦһ£ͷǰħѾˣ֮ҪСġ

ʶӦã漴ʵ
磬ʲôʱǮ

磺

ʶۣ
磬ι磿

˵
һҪôǮʲô

˵꣬͹ҵ˴

ֹ
ʦڷˣ֮ǰϵǲǷɲˣڿɿˡ

ڶߵСһ̯棬һ߿Զơ

붫ĳǡ
ʿϵĶΧۣСѵ

һӱ
硣

ͷ

һˮѣ˪ƮƮɷǵʿվȻ̯ߣؿ

е棬ڨڨ
Сʦ壬ô

ߵһ£
ϰ壬һ棬ţ⣬Ǯ

磺

Ŀ⣬ʵ
ôˣ


Сʦ壬עһ㿴Ͳǻֵطˡ

ʣ
Ҹȥ棿

룬˵
ľ¥Ҫİ䡭Ҳ֣㿴ǲʳȣ棬ֻȾƺȲӡ

ڳϼȥˡ

˵
ǡڶϵĶǹơ
Ҹоڶޣ붫ԶӦҲ˵أڳѰѰҵˡ

һ
̫ˣжץȥġ

˵
Сʦ壬֮ǰ˵ҿܻʦȷȷˡ
ʲôʱҲɣ

˵
ӦòԶˣͻȻǺˡ

Ϊʲô


һػһr֮Ҫһ㡭

ֻһ룬ͷۡ

ʵ
Ҳ𣿡

ʵ
Լ룬Դ㱻ɽɸ֮ҹĺ𣿡

磺
Բ

Ȱϻʦ

ʦ桱ֻδ˵ꡣ


ˣ֪ǳʲô鷳

һ£漴ƯüȾЦ⡣

˵
СʦģҲͱģģұ֤

ժǺԪӱҲһ֤
ǿأġ


ܾø˲ˡ

ʵ
治һɽ𣿡

ɻ
ΪʲôҪȥ

˵
Ҫɽٰ̨ɴȣиһӵӲʱ仹ⶨӦڵ顣

ҹ˵ǰĻߣǶţ˭Ҳ档
ϾҪʵˣĲȥ𣿡




83. []    ճ

˼Ƭ, ˵
갡ҪɴȾٰʱһûҿ϶Ҫɽȥۿġ

㹻ܶ顣
Ϊһǧˣ㲻ͻȻ, ˭Ҳ˵׼

͹٣

̯ϰһڵ, ֭һƬõţ, һС, ʮʳ

ſӼƬţ⣬ֳ˼㽫ˡ

ٹȺܶ, ܷŲ¿ڸ֮
ЩƺͲˮվɻȣʳȴԵĺ٣ÿβμӱ˿ᣬҲֻһ嵭ˮ

ָճģŵʳԵúܲϰߡ

Լ棬
Сʦ, ҪǲԾ͸ҰɣһûԱ

˿ǰֻѾյ, Ҫһ֪ǵĴݡ

Լƹȥ, ʵ
ôôܳԣ

һƬţ, 
ֲ㣬ǸСθ



̯ڳǱߣģ, ֻϰϰæ

֣
ϰҪһơ

ϰӦ
ãϾ͹ȥ

Է
Сʦ壬㻹ǺȾưɣȻǸװ·СθǸƺ«װܶơ


ˡ

һƱ

֪С̯ľƲǰģһһ̳Ƶļ۸Ҳʮֱˣ־ϸƵĺþƣЩʵĴ־ơ
ȾõҲСɾƱ߾¾յǲ룬ʮֵش

磺
̧ͷʵ
ܺ𣿡

ǸŵĽˡȾҪ¶ԹҪǧεˡ

Ϊβܣ
ҿ̳ϵĺ첼ʵ
ǰҺʦʱƣûǮֻ˾ȡʱ̳ľƣֻžƺȥɢơ


Ƭ̡

һμʱǸʮǮҽޣǶĵɽɸĸ
˷ǮӣʱǣǰҲǸͨҽǸʦʦһޡ

־Ҳд־Ƶζ
ž̳磬
𣿡

ԼߵĿݹȥ
һɡGٵ㡣

綢ϵľƣȻһָп

ɸ󣬵ʮӣٵһٶʮɱǣһٶʮ塭
ȥ֪Լɳܶ࣬һֱûʲôʵСɽɸһֱǱСŵġ

ֱڡ

绹ǵԼʮʱ͵źȾƣᵽѵ顣
ڣȾƣ԰һơ

ʵС
Լĳˣǰһˡ

ʱ˷ԼѾ仯ˣֻҪһϸ֦ĩڵС¡

磬ڷʲô㶣
Ѿ˾ƣ˾̳
Լֻ룬ɻ硣

عЦһҲͣ룬ͷе

ֵߵߵ˵
ףʦڷˣ

תͷ˿

Զ֣ʱʱֳâԼǱˣûܴ

˵
׻û꣬û

ݲȵ
Ǿףˡ


ЩΡ
룬ͷ¡

Ǳһ̯ͬϣһƣһ߹Զơ



ػĶ
һ˵գɸһ졣

Ԫ׺׽ɽŪɽɸ
ɸֲҽеӳɸȥɸΧ׹⣬뿪˻ɽķΧЩǡ

ͷ۵ĺܣֻܴߴ󷨷ĵӺúöŻɽһ޲

ߡ

ͷһʼ̯Ϲףɫˣϰϰ̯ؼҡ
תأ˶ߵһ¸շϣһ߿ףһ߹۶Ρ

֮һ˵ꡣ

ɢ
һ·ɣȻӰԶзɳ϶֮С

漴ɢŲƣյտʼ硣

ͷҲ뿪˶

ǽһ·޺󲻾ã˱˷硣

ɽˮ
뿴޳ǳصķ֡

Ǿ߸ģһɽͣһһƻ֮˷Яһþƣ

˵
ĺ֮󣬲֪ʱټ

ܼ
Цţݳһֽ
Сʦ壬ҵĴ

ʮֲĵؽ
ǧܰǮ

˵
ֻŻ£ҪԼˡ

˵꣬ˡ

һ
ԪӱժǷɽ£米

ǰڶߵСǿ׳棬ԪӱժǾģȥˡ
֮ˣƹף̸ãԪӱժǱûлصߡժԪӱǾԼ岻

ͷһ뿪УҲһ·ԶԶβ棬ûп

ڷˣŻصߡ

ˣ
չһ޵ͼ
λã⸽мСǣȴһ𣿡



Ƽ
һգۣʱš

ֳڣֱ̫ں̫ڡڲǿеλʵĲݰˡ

ͬʱΪµһػˣɽɸȻ֮λӵһȴǰһҶˡ
Ϊĵһ硢࣬Ǵɽɸģ˻Ǿõɸǰ;ãͷҲɽɸ


ʮ

츳ֻҪŽѧ汾µɣܳɴ£ɽɸ
ܳΪΪɽɸй

֮ƽˣȴԵúǹŹ֡

Ҳˡ

ܲƽ̫ں̫ڣ˵Ҫٰɴʱ̾ͱμˡ
ǹҪбȳһɼ֤ʵԼʵɽɸ



ʱֹꡣ

ʮ꣬еɴȣɽ̨Ļ

μӴȵĹһʮ֧顣
ЩԲͬɵж̨ϣŷʽɫʲͬĵӷ
״һٶ޴ڷš

ʮ׳ۡ

ΧԹս߷ϣųϽۿһʢ¡

Ҳˡ

ժǵڶ
磬ɽԼĵ̣õŸԼʩʲô͵͵أһ

ʩ䣬ժǺԪӱƹɽ󷨣̨ͣϷѽǶȹۿȿĻʽ


㲻ʩи߷ЩźͳΧ꺮ů˵׻ǧͳ¥ץסңɽ񡣡


ժǲɵô˸

Ԫӱ˵ͷ˵
ͦµġ

עͶ̨ϣ
ɣԶˣʢ²һлٿһˡ

һδæֵġ

ǧӸĻ
ǱǩͲ̨ϣöһһǩһֱԵĶ֡
ˣһԪףһǽһ񣬷ֱɡħǸųḳֹ̌׵Ĳ֮·

翴һĻȻЩп

һһʮǰԽɽɽ·ϱУһߴֹУһ߶Ź֮ҹźԣҰġ

˵ҪıȨ羡С
Ļٷһߣٰȡа޽ˣǵĹ

ԳҹĿ̸ΪʼЭ˳

ķѰʱ䣬һ
ڽ滮Ұĺͼʵ

һ߸пţȻЩѣ

ժǵڶ
磬ôˣ㲻˵ҪⱻץȥôԼˣ

һƬ̸

˭
ӣǰַʱҼ
Ǳչǳˣ


ժǵ·̨ϵ޺ɽҰľ֦Ҷҡҷ졭
һţƽĶ䣬ޱȣֺԶһң̫С

ðΣŻع
ȥ·̨Χɽľǿ򶨵
ҿҪˡ

˵⻰Ųһתʧ

ЯŵԼɼĽѾˣûн׽ɽ׷뿪ķƮȥˡ

ɽɸ󿴿ڵһϡ
ȥ

ǱߣҲ׷˳ȥ

ڶ󣬶ųǩԪҡͷ
Сʦãʲô¶ңǷҪֳȫĶͳǧһ͡



ͣݵһƬϡ
׵ƽ׷һͣ£һ׾ͽʵʵ

ӡ󷨡

ˮӦ󷨣ӿڶγˮ磬С

£磡

½ڿֲ׹ֹûбˣӭ׶ϣ

׹ɢߣˮϣ綯ҡ
ķ粨ߵΧɽͷҡΣľȺ񾪷ɣҰޱӣ

ͣԶ

ġˮڿ֮γɾ޴Уɢ׹⣬ʱʱйһ˿ըΧɳʯ

ΧΣޱȡ

ӽһΧ޷ٿֻͣڲԶĵطɽ٣ĬĬΪԶֹ⡣

ҹ֮簤һס

飬ѿһ϶ֳ⣬Լжߣ֯һͨ·ڰ½޽¡

ڽ֮С
һ£ڽһƬŭţצ

翴˿ͨ·ͷ
౻ţòˣͷӭ졣

ֿ·

׽֮ܡ
֮Ŀ㣬ܿԶķ࣬ܿڸǧӡҹʶ۵ˣܿɳΪļˡ
һɳһʯӲ۾

عȭ·һ
δ֮Ե

˵գЯԪӱժǽͨ·

;ʱ⣬ۣճɡ




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