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һۣ˲Ѿص1979꣬˸ؿռ䡿ĵһ¾Ѹ飬˦ǰһңתͷȥˡ
Ժ޲˵á
ֲСʦθ֢ҽ󹦳͵ŮǿҲ
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½ڸ̾ϱҪ
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ؼ֣ǣ£½  ǣ  

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⣺Ŭ

1  1979   װҲһż
û𴲣ⶼ˻ȥȥȥ𴲡
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СﲻǱˣǰһūŵСӡôôᡣ
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ĥĥ󣬲ͿһũµظɻĿ󡣡
ſƣẕֿ̫̫̇
㡭裿
Ӳ˺üôˡ
֪ѽϽ˭ϱ˯磬ɶɣ֪ԣԺء
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1979꣡ҡˣ
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죬¼˰ѴӦĶһȫ׼ȫ˹ȥҲ˿ĵĴȥ˳¼ҡ
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ֻ֮ʵʵ˵²ˣ취ǮǣȻԺ󲻹ܳʲô飬Ҷ
ЭˣæĻ֮⣬Ҫȥس㹤ңһʮֱ֢꣬ʱֹͣ
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ٴͷϵˣǰԼǰֶʯͷҵģΪûǳԣֱ֡
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2  ռСɲ   Ҫ飡
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ͷҲĵز˭Ҳôԡ
Цһ뷹Եһɶ㶫춼ȻǲʣͱԼо
°ú˴ֱݣ¼ҳѧ϶ءţ˵üͷԾš
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裬ҾŰϱҪǸ浽ʱִǶѧУȥ𣿡
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3     ˭ң˭
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Զɣȥְ졣
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4  Եľȥ䷹   ˸˫ꡭ
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صʱѾ͸¼ҵҲѾꡣԺļֱ
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5  ŵ   Զȥ
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ûûУӣˡôܻ᲻ء
ǣɩ˵Ķԡ
һĸղŵǿƣͷװί

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˵ִӻͳԿף
͵ȫڹأɶھ
𣿳ɶУ
¼װϲĿԿס
ţɶУ
˵⻰ʱڵѪѽ
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裬ֻǸϽջȥɣŵأһһСĻһ¡ָͷҪˡ

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6  ͬھ   ҲУҲ
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11  ѡ   ½⺢̫ʵˡ
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20  ֪֪治֪   ޣʲô
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21  뿪   ǳԶδޣ¸ǾҪ
۾ͷһŤ½ڼϣ
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ĵһ˿õԤС
ȥ֪ˡ
½šü²ӿ˼֡


22  Ҫǰ   ըǸ⣬͵ø̡
ߵԺſھ洫˵
ǮأҼǵ÷ڴˣôûأ
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ǿɲУиɲš

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۵һԺﴫϵ֣һͷֻõļȫˡ
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֦˲ˤĹɴ۾ŵܵſһѽŴ򿪣ǰһ˿飬
㡭ôˣ
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½ĶͷֱһֱŹһŶҪû취붯ˡ
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֣Ȼûȴİ˼ҵǽǣ¸ŲɵҲЩˡ
ǰޣ
´֦ģСһ
˭
֦üʵ
½ڵδޣǸϽҰɣǻżסء
˵ֱӼ˽š
ʰĻɾƿƿ޹޲٣Կ˶Ҫͦߵġ
ûмҽ̰ôӣ
֦æת׷˹ȥ
ⷿģ֦øϽͷ뿪ȻҲ
½֦˸¡
ҡ½ڣһˣ㲻ôҡ
֦ۿĿͼһ˿ͬ顣Ȼȴǡǡˡ
ȥ
½ٴ˵
½
֦ƻǷģڰǰֻ·һ뿪ȥٱǡ
ָǰλΡ
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֪ⶼǵĴɡҲ鲻Խ½ڣҸ½ķϣܲܰⷿøǣ
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½ɫۿɼѿ˼֡
̲ס鴤Ը˽ͳƤûκôġ
ӻҪ𣿡
˵̧š顱һֱɢܡ
Ժ˲䰲
̫ʵˡӻҪ𣿡
Ťͷݳŵʵľȥ
֣ӦϽ׷˹ȥ
ӻҪҪء
ǼļҾˡ
ŶҰǰȥɡ
˵ֻһ̧˸ߵӾôٿµɫҲɵĺܡ
֣ſھôӵ˴⡣
ʲôŮˡ
֦ĳ˹¿ɲֱ̧סĲһ󣬶Է˲¶֡
иķϣҾͲƽˣǷҪĻϾȥٱǣҿɲڿЦŶһʱңϽİɣҶ֣Ȼһס
˵ɿ֣֦ŵվԭزҶ
֣ܽȥ˵·ʲôĶáȻܳһ˵
֪ԲǸкãЩʵڴߣҵӣᣬԲ㿴𣿡
ûлش𣬶תͷ½ڣϾģԼҲֱ
졣
ллллߣߡ
˵ϻû֦Ťͷܣܿ㲻Ӱ
ʱһֱ½ڻС̧ͷյ⣬⣬Ͱ͵ġ
̾˿ǰͷ
ԣûˣԺ̻ͰְһԹõġ
વСԴԾ޾ɵġ
½뵽֦ղŵΪһĺٲϲҲôԺӡ
ѹҰɣȥԵģҰʰ¡ˣɶļǵ򣬲Ȼû˯
¶
ãУȻ
ɣ㿴Űɡ
½ӹݣŵһԵСϣ˵
ԹһԿǣ̵ðʰһ¡
š
ӹˮǿӴ̵ζ˲˷ܵۡ
̾ѹֶ˵ӸäƵģҪôиСʹҪôиСԩҡò˵֦ȻôȴãǰǶӱȣֱһϣһ¡
ɨڿɨ˺ü֣ͣȻֽ·÷Ž
Ǹ˯Ǹְ˯
ְ֣
ԥ˵
·ѣ½ھ͵ˣʱ⺢һϸһ˯ô죿

ϴθըǸó𣿡
óԡ
ըǸ⡱۾صĵͷ
㻹𣿡
Խͣջ
ԣԡ
̴ըͣըǸҪȲźóԣ˾ͲܳˣǹҪǲһסĻܾܿ͸ϲϳˡôأ
С˼˵
ðְֽ𴲡
ǰְ첻ҪˣʱĹ˯ء
ǡҸһ˯
˰ΣǸЭˡ
ºЦĵͷ
㰡һըǸƭˣԺÿĽС
Сʱ½ڿӣһӲˣˡ
æǰ׼ӹ½ܾˡ
أԼС
ӷڵϿűӽݣѸٽ̺áȥһ̺á
½һƣüһĶ顣Ҫǵãŵθˡ
ʰţȥ
˵Ų˽˳ӵϱ۰Ͱ͵
֪ˣȽĹã̸Ǽɰͷԡ
̨ϲȻ󽫹ϴɾͣٴóһ˲ζƮ
ż嵰Ĺͷм仮߱ƺڰϣｹĺɰȥ
԰ɣء
һ¿ˮȲĽӹݺҧһڣȻ̵ֱͷίͰ͵Ŀ
̣졣
ճܲ¾Ͳ̡

ѧӣͷ˼£ŸСҧһСڱߣ
óԡ
Ц۾СȵĹϡĲУ
С̫ɰˡ
½վſڿҲЦˣӦòɡ
һ̧ͷվſɵЦɵһ㶣˵
ʲôأԿɵӣһͺáԵ㣬ٸóԵġ


23  ɲҩ裡ʧܣ   ҪĻ
ֻһأ
½Ĵ˿ûнӡ
ȳԣϾͺãһԡ
Ľã׼ȥϴ½һѶ
ԡ
˵ŲŤͷȥߣһͰˮ󣬶ϴ
һůøжٴ
һһɡ
˵սͷֳ룬Լһ룬һ롣
½вˣ˵൱׼ûӣһ糴⣬һ˾ͺˡ
ΨһһҲ˳ȥڳ̨ӣҺٲȳһ
½ڣ㵱ʲôûⷿҪɶɶûС
½̧ͷ൱޹Ŀһۣ
ļҾ߶ǵġ

ʲô£
ô˵
ܳȥӻڴſڡͽԺӡ
ҪĻ˵ߣˣôʰǡ
ˡ
ΪӦԾû˵
ܼˣôõļҾԼţǣզģӦ˭ǮӦǳǮﲻҲԸ˵գôܻ˸ǡ
º޲ָš
½ڿ˵ģụ́ЦԽֹס
ЦҪҶһ䣬ͱˡ֣˵ļҾߣߣˣҲ˺죬ޣɶҲǡﻹʲôģʱˡ
ЩԵõģģЩư衣
ЩµİɣҾɶš
Ѹٳ극½ڱŹһȥ˹ɹ
ͣף涼Ҫ㡭
ǣ
ָǵĹ̨һ졣
ɡ
Ŷ߹ȥһƣȻǡͷǿǺöˮﻹܵţ̺ȣĺܡ
Ҫһá
˵׼ǮʱԵ½ѾǮݹȥˡ
Ǹһ
¿ָĵĵæ
˼ǸǲҪһǡ
ôˣ
½ڵͷɻĿ
´սС˵
ǵһƤ֪û֣ζҲզأҪԻͷ
ãǾͲҪˣɱɰɡ
˵ֱӽǮ˹ȥ
Եġ
¿űǿı˺һ
ǡллˡ
˵л̫ˡ
ö±Ź½ŴСȥˡ
һҾֿʼʰ½ڽźú󣬸˵˾䣬
ҵûزһˣҪͱˣҴʳô
ˣҵһôóԶٺõġˣϽȥɡ
³ڰ˵
ãȥˡ
Ŀ½뿪Źϣ˯ɲҩ衣
ӵĹ۲죬ܽɲĹɣ
ʱǶʮСʱĻҶӸ̣ЧԽáɲݳɾͱҪεŻ᳤һãҰεıѸֵԱߵȻԽԽ裬ɫҲὥȥ
ô֪ģⶼѪĽѵ
óһɫǳĳΪ谵ĳﻹܿԼԼɢӫ⡣
ɹɿ϶ˣԺɰɡ
ϻ𣬽̨ȺһɾĲȻɲݷȥ⻹һγԳֱӳķ
мʱʱط棬ɲݱʱҲ˲Ծĵط
ɫզôǳˣ
ݵ֦ɶЩˡ
ʧܣ
飬Ŵ׷ԡ
һСʱ
¿ŰҩСļɫСԲ⡣
ǿԣⶫ񱣴治̫ðɣûѹô㣿
֧°ͣüͷ°취ʱڴһˡ
ۣûˣİµıűӴ
¹˲ɲҩ裬Ͻط庢ȥ
۾󱧱
̡
أԣŶ
½§ĺ󱳣ϸİοţðŰ˺ס
ȻһԵĹóһʵ
ҪԼ棬Ǹһȥ
ȥ
ԥ˵
Цŵıͷ
ԼЬǴˣҪѧԼչԼ
ˣһᴩ·ء
СԴԺ˵
ۣǿɣ̵Ȼԡ
Լ洩Ьӣ׺ǣߡ
˳һС̨ԣԼ׼Źǡ
ʱǼŰɫҩڣֽǰӵһ԰ϵĴ
Щ棬Сһʵ
̣ʲô
»ͷһ۴
Ķ
գգ۾ֽҩȫԼĿڴ


24  ˭   Īĳ
óڼѬõŹǣϴпŽôϵ͹嵽ƺ󣬽ӺΧˮϹ
󵽲ʱڷŽǣơ
½̤ʱһζֱܱǿס
Ų̽ͷȥ
ϴϴȥϾܳˡ
á
ŹɵĴӳĹ½ڱߴһͰˮϸϸϴš
ְ֣
Ŀ
ʲô
½ɻʵ

ӿڴͳһǵ˹ȥ
ְ֣úá
½ڽӹЦͷ
Ǹˣʲô
ҡҡͷ
ǣǱĶ˵ġ
½ָĦ£˲ԾǶһģСԲ
ֽ¶ĶȻһŷڱӵţŴ׷۵ζʲôҲŲ
ְ֣ãĶ
һŵİס˵
ãͰá
Ȼ⻰϶¶ء
Լų԰ɣְֲá
ְ֣õģҲְϴ
˵ᶼˡ
½ڸϽӹڴְ̧ᣬε̾˿Լϴŵˡ
úúãְˡ
úţͷġ
һĿ
½ֻõ潫ڴա
ϣԵЩ˷ܣȫ֮ǰͷԵӣº
ôôѽܸ̺ܲͰְ˵˵
̲ߣܿġ
ţʲô˼û˵Ҫ߰
ɻĿ½ڣ½ҡҡͷ
֪Сӵ뷨һһ뵽ʲôʲôԸ˵Լ˵ˡ
ðɣԵŹǡ
˵һ顣
ҲԣϽϴϴ˯ɣҲһˡ
ǳɣͽˡ
ҲǸˣһһϴҲֵɡ
ʵıϣСů¯һĹ˯˹ȥһ
˵ĹͷϺݺһڣ
ɣǽȥ緹Ҹɡ
ȻǵǮɽա
һһСϣϼس̯Ҫ಻١
ӣ࣬Աڽй۱ϼ΢һЩߵĲ̫ࡣ
˼ȥֽ˲÷̣
ӣɶ
Щôģ
»һȦ⼸ҵ·ʽһرʵĵط
㿴ļˣȷĹЩֲˡ
Ǹɫп׶Ǯ
˱ޣٽ´Ҳ䣬۸Ҫʮ
꣬ԼǼȹʮǮȥˣǹʺˡ
Ҫ𣿡
ҡҡͷ
߲ɣɫһߣɫߣӡ
ؼԼ
ɡ

ŲճžͿбĹվڲ̯ǰ˳ء
̣̣
ǰ½ڳȥҪ͹ӷǳ죬Թ˼Ҹǡ
קֽ̯ǰ
̣
˳첱ӴֵĹʶתͷǹɫ˲١
ϣˣ谡
衱˵ķǳأλŮת
裿֦裿
ܵĸŮ⻰Ťͷüͷ壬̱޵´¡
ĵ
ˣ˵ǹʹˣ
½Ȣģôû˵֤ʲôʱ£
±ӵ񣬺ϬƵŪķǳ
ƮƮ
½ô죬ֱˡ
ô˵أôģԳ̬ȣ
ĴɤŵĶ㵽󣬲¶ͷ
λ鷳˵СҼҺӶˡ
ͷοš
ޣŴأ۾ȥˣͷҾ͸½˵
ȥȥȥϽȥ


25  ӵ   ֽһС
¿Ҳ
ǸŮһ£û뵽̬ȡ
⡭
ôˣ˵ǳôû½˵ļҵĳ˸Ӵž䳤
˵ǣŹŤͷߣû½˵ӦòҪˣȻҪǾûҪˡ
ǸŮԭضţԶֺ͹˺
ĲУһק˵
ﲻˣ㰮ȥ˭ȥ˭ǣԺҼңϡǮ
˲ʻ˵ˣ
һﶼҼҲ˵²ʣΪǮˣҪҪ˶ˡ

̣ʶ˷衣
ͷ˵
˷
üͷôôϤأ
ҵ϶Ҵһꡣ
Сֱ˸һ
Ǻѣ
ʡ
ҡҡͷ
ǣϰ۸ңҵĶΪи磬ûС
˵еʧ䡣
»Ȼ
ŶС˭ˣϴﹷУ԰Ĵͷˡ
ѹôţСܺǷʰ
±£̻ͷ۸
ֲС裬ɲô֦Ҳǵģı۸޶ԣôġ
ͻȻ̧ͷһڴʣ
̣Ը𣿡

һ£תЦ
˸硣
ðɣ
ʧĵͷ
ܵãù硣
ҡҡͷ
Ҫܵãҵ޾ͺᣬ˵ܾܵծģҲҪծ
Ҳ±ƨɰ
ҡҡСԴ
ܵģҲҪ֤
úúãұ֤ҷľԲܡ
춼Цˡ

½ڻʱ¸˵£
Ů˿ͦģȻݣĪļ쵼ļ
½һ߾һ˵
ɷͬ˵ʲô㶼ôҪǲˣȥҲ¡
Ӱս֮Ĺϵɣ
ᣬǸ಻ġ
ǾС
°ĵĳԷ´ǸŮ˸ô졣
½ڿ״Ʋ˾䣬
Ҫˣѵûʲô˵𣿡
ţŶУעⰲȫ壬ڼҵ
⣿
½ʡ
⡣
ͷԲˣҩԣʧˡŷ½ڳ»磬Ժеʱо
½򴽲Ϣƺȸղŵ˼֡
ͷǷʱʱ̧ͷõɵõԲ۾ˡһڷʱµܽ
Ťͷ
ܣˤš⺢ûԱôܣ
Լ֮ǰ̨СӣŸԼԴƽ̨ȥһСһķĩСָǲŪֽϣȻܵ½
ְ֣һĶ
½ڷо̫Ծ¿Ӵһƣ˲临ӣ
ǰְֵĺöӰ
Ŵˣһʲôӵ


26  ԭݰ   ܳ˵ղŽš
¿Ķ˵, һ۾ϳʵʧƷ˵ͦǽϹĻҡ
ְ֣Űɣ̺͹һ⡣
ţ
½ɻĿͶ, ²֪˵ʲô, ֻЦ, ͷǷ
, ½üʵ
⣿Ķ
̯, ЦںŪ
ⲻȥԴҩɶ, ˭֪һСʧˣʲô棬⣬˰ɣ˰ɣ
ŶˡˣҾͲס, ԺãʶҪҿšʲô¿ȥҹӰæҸսҲ, ûʱ㡣, Ǯ, Ÿɡ
˵óһǮһƱϡ
¿ֱ࣬
㻹ңҲǮˣ
½ЦЦֻ˵, 
Ǯ࣬Ҳ͹»ҪǮۿˣǿǶϣ֥顣
ƲƲ죬Ǯ
ĿⲻǳҪôȥң
˵˻½ְѳʰɾ뿪
׼ʱԶԶŲ˻ˣɫ൱ѿᣬû뵽ҲǸۼģ
ţС½ϱȱţл˵
ͲСȴӲʵĺܣ˿·ҲǷɿ졣
ӣɶ£
类ǹʹ£¶ӡԶû֮ǰôˡ۶̫̫˵ʲô
ɫ֮ǰô׽Ƶġε˵
°¶Բסһʱ˵˻ԭӰɡ
ЦЦ
˵ɶ°ɶԭ²ԭµģɱ롣
Ժֲסء
̾˿ս˵
ҳŮ˶ٸС½еϵǸ٣С½սѡС½ǰͷλǰǻʱ֪ġ
һǰŮ˾͵˵иֶŮҪ޹ˣԷǸ˻ľ٣ҳʱ˵©죬Ҫ޵ľپС½ŷӦô󡣳䳤˵˾ŻأǲӣӲȻԺɵʹ㡣
ˣѹֶôΪԼֶŮԵ
ллͨҪȻһ治֪ء
̬Ⱥ˲٣һҲˣ
㣬С½ƽﾭչҵ⣬ΪҲӦõģοҲȷĲԡͱһʶˡ
᲻ᣬôС۵ء
ǾУ첻ˣȻȥˡ
ãߡ
ţ±ŹѸϴãɴϾ˯˹ȥ
һˣ
ûй۵ïܵĴֺͲﾲĵģһӲݳĶа˸ߣվԭؾĴžĿ£˳ʲôҲûС
ºµĶһô쳤Ĵš
ףŵզôأ
ͷȫǿ֦Ҷĵ棬ѵˣ
˼ʱһּٵĽŲӲԶ˳ԴȥԼĪ߸ˣϴźɫ·÷ǳʵ
ģڰȺ˦ˣĥ䣬Ͻߡ
磬ô죿ǡǲܲȰ
ȣôȣĲ
δ䣬һĿڼžǰȻƬҶڸסߡ
ܳ˵ղŽŵ״вԾ


27  ε½   ҲǼҲ
Ҷ, һϤ¶˳Ŀᶨĳǰվŵº
½ڣ
ôεˣ
ǰһǹ¶ŵס䲻¶ͷӻͷһξֳ档
֪˶, һжһ޴ıը
ų
ų, Ѱ
½, ½ڡ

ʹӵĺĶ
ɵˣ
˺½ڣ
ͷȥ, ֻһȺΧһ𺰸ͣ
սмǸˣըĻ, Ѿԭˡ
̡̣Ҷˡ
ζĸ첲ֱ˻ѡ
¼ѵ۾, 𺳺˸лûȥ۵ĹͻȻ޵ĳ嶯
̣ôˣ
鲻ãɻʵ
û£
̯͵ĵְ˵̲ˣһС͡
ʰ, ·ߺͲϿʼüȥмԷʱȫ·ϡһҲ޲, ɵſڴ߿, ˾ͳ, ˾˯ʡĵĺܡ
ֱӽԷʱ򣬴űˡ
ȥ, ֻӣص˵
°Ȼǧ𿪣ҸƼ֦ż˹ˣҲġС½ڼһ˵ĵ㡣
˵ּҴҵŵ뿪ˡ
³ڷһۣʲôҲûֹŻ˷䡣
֦޷ǰҾߵģȻԼ֪ǵˣǽȻߵġ
·ûžֱ顱죬ۻʣһûӣš
˴һң֣˽
ɩɩţᶫ
϶ûаͣ٣ɷٷš½ڲڼʱ֦Ź֣񼸴Σ˹ǳϤ
СקקµӣС˵
̣Ǹˡ
ţˣҰµӷã͸ǿš
קק
̣Ҫţᱻ۸ġ
ţ˭۸ң
˭۸
裬ϲǸ壬˵ġ
С㲻ǵ֦һθ˴ı׾ΪǸŮ˵֣񲻺õĻ
Ǻ⣬
ҲǼҲ򲻹̡


28  Ҳ类   跭ֳ
·, ߴҧͷ˦£һССĺɫ׾ˡ
ϲ𣿡
ʹ
ͷЩϲ, 
ҵ𣿡
, ͷϴþܴˡ
˵꽫·÷, ´ЬС·, ͻȻزӴԺȥҪ߶, ·Ҳġ
ˣˣ·ܲġ߰, ȥˡ
Ժ⣬˰Ҳûŵļ˲Щ֦꣬Щšü˵
ûڼҰɣôôҲˡ
ܣҸСˣ˵ûȥ
֣˵˼, ﰵ䣬Ƕʲô
ǲԶĹӼңſ¶Դ, ǹӵʮС, ͷ
, ǻأǸ۾Ļ˺üš
ͷŤͷ˵
զ
Ӽת½ڶ, ȹӣϴµǹ͹ھεˣҪ¡
͵һֳͷȥ
ͷȥȥǱߺˣ˵½ϱ鷳
š
ͷٳȥ·¼ʱŤͷһִۣѾ򿪣һһСվſڸ˶ء
ͣ½ŲеĿ£֣ʾϽš
²ԣûͷΪСϴˡ
ûƵģͷˡ
ɩӣҾߵģ֮ǰ˵õģǿûʱ䣬õ졣
֣˵žҪţ̧һѣЩ֣ϡ
ſ£ƤЦⲻЦ˵
ɩӣɶ˼ˣ
˵ģԺļҾǵ𣿡
ȻǵˣǶסˡ
֦˵
סʹǵģҪô˵ĻȥסǷǲǵùңҪȻ˵ȥ
ǣŹֵſڣһĿżˡ
ɩӣԼ˵ҪѶǵģ˶ˣ˵ôˣأ
֣õĿôãĺĹˣֻϽöˡ
˵ԼĶˣǵš
˵ֽšžĹϡ
㡭
ֿ֣ʼ
ϽţŮˣ

ϣ
͵ر򿪣֣һʱûֱſ˵ϣվֱߣֻһ̧ţ־Ҫˡ
һڴ߰Ķ
ЩǵģĶǱˡ
˵֦һţһקϵ֣Ƴȥһľ
Һæ£Ȼ
Ȼôţ
洩ɫװ˼֣վǰ
Ŀһװϣ߳һͷģɵĿŲˡ
ӦǵĶ˰ġ
˵־Ҫƿ¡
̧סһƲһɱĺд﷢
Ƕ㡭ɿ

˵ꡰžžȵˡ
Ըоִһ㣬ԸԼ׳ô˶
Ҵӡ
ž
˭ǰأ
һʱûӦӲǿ϶˼ơ
ס֣
ϴһŭȳ˹˻ûǰͱ߷˳ȥ
ҴҸ½սǣ

ˣˣ
߲
űװһɨȥΪǸ֣һġ
֣㻹Уôˡ
֣ô˵һϲͷһˡ
Щ˭
ʶ֦ϤĲˡǹɫ˲ֽס
æ´󺰣
ǲҪˣҪˣ
˵ĹҲӵһԣ˲Ϲֵֻ֣һˡ
ϴſڵŶ۵ĲϴԷԥǾܵӰˡ
µˣҲúǼƽϣɿ϶һߵűˡ
ɩӺã
СһվŴ
ǣ
ɻʡ
ǡ
ЦˣվǰСһѽ˼£ЦĻ֣ԱߵŵòᣬҪˤһ»ˡ
ɩӣҽףǿŽӣޣǶǶŵˣ½ǵĸųղͷܹ˵鷳Ǿ͸Ͻˣ⡭ɩӣŮкܡ
ԶԶԡ
½ſϵġ


ĴĴָ¿ЦãһСı¶ˡ
ԼܽȻˣ³Զٷɡ
˲ˣ˲ǻû𣿽ǰɡ


29  ׵ϲ   㡭ǽ
Ҫɶ
¿ǰק˵ĸ첲, æʵ
ɩӣģǵѵ, ´λ鷳
˵ӻִˡ
¼״Ҳٹ, С˼ҡó֮ǰͷڴ
лл, Щûؼҳ԰ɡ
ͷЩܳ, Ͻſڴ
ɩӣҲҪ
Ҫ, רллæģҪǲãԺɩӾͲˡ
ͷ˵, ĺܣűһ䣬
ǹ󣬸ҳ˷ѡ
¿¶ĿЩۣƺԼСʱӡ
һקſڴ֣ǿȥ, ȻӼȥ
Ǹ˳Եģ˭Զ˷ѡܵڻڳܶ, ֵ㡣
ͷ, Ȼ֣صĵͷ, 
ԺɩӿŵܵܣԲԣԻˡ
á
޹Ĺǰ

, Ҵˡ
֦ɫ԰׵סؿڴڴŴ²ӷ·ǧأһѡ
֣ͷۣû˸Ų˿
ټֻϾ͵ˡ
֦ҡҡͷ˦֣ͣ·߷˵
ҲˣܲˣҪܰɡһиҲôš
Ⱥ½ڵˣ
֣ʵ
ţ½ֵµġ
֦ʮָӣȺСῴĸǷǳòеһһɩӣҪߡ
뵽Щڵ½ֵôˡ
Ҫ꣬Ҵ磬϶ֲá
Լ֦ϵ㹻ǼǺ޵ˡ
ʲô취ҪȥǾԼȥҿɲšˣϽؼȥҡ
ֱ֦ۣ֣æǰţƵĻؼȥһẕ̌ϣöһ¡
ôֻˣǴ磬أ
֣Сʵ
֦֣һѣʾ˵ֻ֣˸ţ
Ҹںأ֦岻Ȼˡ
Ҿû𣿡
֣ɩʵԺתһȦҲû˵Ҫ¹ģһˡ
֦ƲƲ죬۾бһԣĵòҲãܱȱŮǿǳ˵ѣſھҪ¹񣬾·Ҳð
Ҿߡû
֣εЦ
ɫˣһ۶췭ȥˣҲģ
ϣò˵ԼжٶٶǴ¹Ǵģķ䶼ŲЩô˵ûˣզΣ
ǣɩû˼
û˼⻰ϱ׿˵𣿡
Ƴ֦ǲмģִ˼֡
ҿмҾǼ٣ɡԼ˵ĲҪⷿӣȥסģַҪôţˡ
û˵꣬ͱ֦ŭĴˡ
ɩɲôģ͸¹ڣŮӿɶһԿأԴ̣ǳԺƵôС
֦˵һ飡˵˭Сأ
ŭָָͷˡ
ָʲôָûн
֦ɲһƴֱϣĵһԡ
ҲǺᣬ̧־һѣ֦ûȲ˵ϣ֣ۼֿһѣŵͷð亹Ҳá
ɩǸɶ֦أɶܺú˵
֦Ⱥݺһƣ
֣ǲǸˣϱ˾ⷴӦ
ô
ǳ죬ѲɻСȥɩӰ
֣ûϢġ
֦
Сվſڣ裬ϬĶһһ͸
˭Ĵ˶ðĻҾҲСǼҿɲһӡ
ɭźĻ֦̲ס£ҧ촽ۿ˵ֱС뿪󣬲޳
ءǼ˶۸ңϹˡ
˵ܻԼ䡣
֣һͷ۵׷˳ȥһŤͷȥ˳
С㽫һ˵
Ÿɶ
ӦһϽӹæָ˵
裬ҵ˵Ҳ̫ûˣĻڼﶼôᡣ
Сбһۣ
ҵĻƨǲǣ
ûаĸѽҿɲҵġ
Ҹղ˵ˣ˭ҪǸҲðҾĲ
͸ղſ֦һҲᵽĺ¡
æͷ˵
֪ˡ

ֵ֣ʱѾ͸ˣ˱֣ӵڣıף趼ϲ
֣Ҵɩ°·ʱԼϴ·ϳˡ
ѽ⡭զ°

֣۾׵гһ죬ڣҲܴ¿ǰ˵ֻϤһ֪ԼϱظǱϣҲţŲ
⡭ǽҵ

֣ò¾֪Լҵܵģ࣬Ӧøһ㣬ϾǰŮơ
˭ɵģǲǰᶫȥô˴Уñ

֣ҡҡͷ
ȥΪɶɶˣ
۵˵
㲻ؼɶ˭
֣ϵ֣ǿͣ³ӣɻʵ
֣ǽҵ˴ģˡ

ɶҵ
æ˴֧һԣܹȥϸһƣȻ˵㣬ϡǿԱϳԼҶӵġ
šüĴ˿Ȼ󳯺˵
Ͻؼҽˣ
ãͻȥ
˵ԼĳӿҸϡ
ûӣһȫܹˡ
֦ںקס֣˵
磬ɩ˵ô𣿡
֣ЩͷĻ˾䣬
Ҵɩ޳˻м١
֦ƲƲ죬
ɩƨ¶ޣֲǵһˡ
һ¹Ҵ磬Ϲ˵ġԼںŰɣȹȥˡ
˵ִǰ
ǰʱһԿ޿䡣֣ǿһھӴ廹гСš
ҵզ£⡭˭ˣ
ûûУҲǿųģԸʵĺܣĻءⲻϴһɣ϶ȥæ·óײˣԼ··Խѵˡ
Ժɵע㡣
ô˵ȴһҲšҪʵĻûлˡ
԰ɵллˣҪؼˣȥҼҺ
֣ǿ극ǵðսˣƵĵ˵


30  ڶͰ   㣬·ʮǮ
, 
ˣˣҼǿҪ֪͵ȣ϶ٲһ, һǻؼҳԷɡ
Ȼ, ҼҲ, , ɫˣϽȥ, 鷳ˡ
С˵ų֣ڰ֣֡СŹס֣֣Էᵹ, ѹ¡
֣һȦɻһ⣬ɲ֣ܱȵġ
ϣ磬զˣ裬Ҵǲˣ
֣ס壬
Сæһ, Ƥᶯأ
ûΣ, , ˤˡ
֪ˡ
֣, ЩΣͬʱҲ֦ܵĿ죬ȻǱ˸ҡ
, Ͼ͵ˣټּ֡
䣬ֳ˼֣֣ҧߡ
ûǹģ
ֻ֣Ҫ뵽ԥǵĳ棬ͺ޵Ҫ˵ļҾ߿ǣ϶ȥ𣿻ﶯ
ڵڣҲˣҲˣؼʱԼҾ߲ǵġֱ֣ɵˣ˵ĸо
²ܾôˣ˷һܡ

ڶ¸÷žͱˡͷܳȥš
һ򿪣Լ̵¶ǰһ㶣ľסĶ
ڼұǲһؼûϹ˰졣
ͷίסͰ͵Ŀ
æܵܣɩ³Էġ
Ҳæ˳͵
ģˡ
㣬Żˡ
ɿЦ
ˣٸһ£ʱ˵ֵ֣֪˭²ˡС㣬軹˽˵ǱײġֱϹҪóײҲַˡ
ϲԣ࣬ȺӲֹݣͷ˵ʲôҲǳԶٷ
Ҫ˵ҲǻãС½ð֪ôޣ˵ˡ
εЦЦԼҲǵģ˼ǰɶǰΣⲻҶ
û£ӣ㻹ûԷɣҪ԰ɣ˲ء
ˣһؼҳԾС
ɣɣˡ
ϵĵӣ˽
ҲǸʵˣӲǽϴˢɾ˲ߡ
ʱ˾䣬
ֵ֣Ʋ磬µû꣬ǲ㣬϶ڼ֣ʱѱ֦㣬Сĵ㡣
ºİڰ֣
Ҳ£еǰ취Ը
ǵðѹˣ֦ǰӣС¶Ǻ裬һҲܵġ
Ͳ˵һѵˡ
֪ллˡ
ɶһȥˡ
Ŀ뿪Żط庢˯ò˵ϵӿǵĵױ
Ҳûֻۣϱȫ׬ǮˣڼҳЩ£治˳֡
뵽׬ǮͷһֱûտţϼҼġ
ֽһǣ
㣬Ұҵ·ˣʮǮ
̾˿ѹϱôŬûһ̫ʵˡǼ̰
ŷ⣬һŴŽһë˵˵õķֳɡ
°صʱˣӼһƾó׸
õ·㿴ٸù
սӹ·ûӵ
ΪɶҽģԼ
һϣ
ޣ˵ɶҶˣܴô޵·ҲѰ˼ſɫҲϲ죬ڹ괩ͦ
ƲƲ죬
ֱ˵˰ɣǲǲ·ˣ
ǣֳɵ˷ˡ
˵ת˳
·ϲˡ
·ǲܵģ겻·ǲܵġ
˼ȥƺ˸ʣȺŮǮĺܣһѿϧˡ
·ҧҧ˾ġ
·û˿Ǯǰ˲ܲ
ڶһ磬·ͳˣ֪ȥǮ߶˼ҲͲٶ˵
䣬ٳô۵·𱾾ͳ㣬ɫʮֳķɫһ¶ͷ˲һƬĿ⡣
սûͱʶŮͬ־
ͬ־·İʽеİɣ
·ֻһĻס
òĳЦЦ˸ӡ
Ůͬ־׷ʣ
Ƕһͬ£͸ҰɣͷԷ
⡭
û˵꣬ͱϺˡ
Ը£·𣿡
ֱ˰Ѳϣͺ͵ģǺӡ
Ҫ𣿡
ЩȵĿС㲻ֻӻôҲⶫ
ţȻԡ
ô˵һԵŮͬ־ˣ
λͬ־ģӲ̫ðɣ
Ϻ쵭Ƴһۣ
û˵ҪôͲҪˡ
ô֪ҲҲѾ𣿡
ۿ˾ҪˣϽգ
Ҷһͬ£ֵΪ˼·ڡ۳ϰˣɣ극İ칫ҺúģʱҰѼ۸˵Լ
һæͷŮͬ־˵
Ը£ɱƫԼ˰
ģ㾡ܷİɡ
Ǿͳɡ
ԶϺһסĸ첲ǿƵס칫ߡ
ýõǾ档
㲻ЩǣϵҪǴһˣǻͷ֮鳤λҪɲð
ɫҲ̫ãϺǰ˵𻵻أͳɺýˣϺ첻ɣ
ͷϵȾȹƬ˺ô󾢲ϴɾ˲ɾʹˡ׸ɫë£ЩɵĺƤЬҲǸСŮ
ͦĵģɵǼ·Щζˡ
̲סһ䣬
Ը¹ȻЩСϰղһ·컻µģǱ˻ڹȥǿǡ
£˵Ҫע󣬴·ͲСϰˣļҵĴС㣿
Ϻǰ˻ȥ
ɫһ䣬æ˵
ϸ£ɱϹ˵ɶС㲻Сģҿɲз⽨˼ˡ
Ϲ˵ֻ˳Ļ˵ѣղŲ˼𣿡
ҪͷֻܱԸϺǲ
µĿ˴̣ò˵иСܵĸоǲ˶Լˡ
ϺһȥԼλϣȻ׷һԣ³һ֣
ѣ

һʱûӦôɵ㶵Ŀ
˵·ˡ

ͷһ˵ķӦȻЩ̫Ծˡ


31  ͷ   Ҳǻ˰Щ
æ·, 
аϸ£ղ˵õĵ磬ҲӦ˼, Զš
ϺЩͷ, 
һ·, ô˵, Ǯڸ㡣
ĵ, ջ·Ҫ˱˰
ⲻǮǮ, ·ҿɲֻǴһ죬볤ڸȥҪϸ£㻹ǱΪˡ
·λòٴûõԼҪ·ϺЩˡ
Ҹӵ˰ɡ
Цҡҡͷ
ϸ, ǻǵλͬ־ɣҪҪ϶õ
һ⻰Ϻ찲ˡ
ǾС
ԭ뿴Ϸῴ˸į, Ϻô׾ͱס̲ס˸, ﰵ˾, ɵǮࡣ
ȵ磬˸ʳô÷׼ȥʱŮͬ־ҲƷˡ
, Ϻ˲侯ŵӾԱߡ
Ůͬ־ϵ·ˣæʵ
Ը£ǴӦҵģô
ָָָָϺ죬ߡ
æͣ
·أ³ԷʱŪˮ⻻ˣʳ˶࣬ҪٱʼҲ̫á
Ůͬ־ȻĵͷȻһ԰һ¡
ȳԷɣٿ·
˵ȻԷϽ˵
˶һۣѸٳӰǷ±ȶԷһϺ첻̫Ծƽʱһߣ·ûʲôۣƫƫǹҩƵģ¶Ҫһѡ
ˣ
顱һбطϣŮͬ־ƵĿϺһۺ󣬳˵
Ը£·԰ɡ
УԡҲˡ
˵¿ӣϽ˼ڵķ
ϸ£˷ʳ񼫣²뱻ְͨɡ
˵ҪٳԲаûܵô
˲佣
Ծ̫Ծˡ
֮ǰ϶ʲôɸ˵ܡ
·ԡ
Ϻ˵ӣ·ͳϴŮͬ־ˣ־ȥק
һŮͬ־֣ѸٴãСŲϵĵӰ˿ǳ⡣
ò෴Ϻ쳤ƫһЩ˫ۣбſʱܴмֻ˵˼
˸ֺã˼֡꾫òҲû˵л
ϸ£ʺϺɫ̫ÿˡ
ѵĿ佱һΡ
ҲôãǮ
һûأԸ¡
Ůͬ־ģżҧгݣĪɫҲ
·ѣôţ
ȻλҪҾ˵۸ɣʮ߿Ǯ
ʮߣԸ£·ǽ֯ſھǴµĹʣɵӲɡ
Ůͬ־
Ϻ쿴·ҲЩԥˣ
ʮ߿Ǯ̫ˣܱ˵𣿡
ʮٵˣȻҽ˵ȥ
Ůͬ־һ˸ۣˡ
Ϻ쿴뿪ıӰüͷ
֪Ϸ˳ƽۣ
ʮ壡ҪߣҪҾԼŴ·ˣôҲѿ
ɽǮ
ϺҧǮݹȥ
ð
̵ĽǮСˡ
ʱϺ촩·һ£
ϸ£Ǽʮ߿Ǯ·ЩĺڣԼ˶ӡ
̧ͷƳһ˵
ЩĸͷƵģ鶼ûؾϸŴл
˭лˣϺǰŮ˵ġҿǰѼ۸̧ôߣ֪˲Ը׬Ǯ
û˵ͱϺϣ
ᣡ
ޱȺڵѰ¸
ǰΣ
ˡ
˵ʲôţ֮Ȼ⣡

üͷֽ﷭˷
ûˣ
Ǯʹߴ·˵һİԣôǷѵû
ˣͷʰɡ
źǮֿźú˯ǰռոɲݣѾĽʣ۲ѡôˣ˵
ڶһ¾վſڵȹӣŽͿűĸֲߡ
ӣⲻ
ǰһס˵
˲ֵɶǮڷѶѣզô磿
£ûҽ岻ȥ
´һæʵ
ĲߣҸһȥơ
˵׼±ⵣߡ
ǵСԣ˸ɶĳԳԣǴ󲡡
¸Ͻ͵
㣬˵ҼҾ˸࣬һȥá
Ťͷ׼ȥ
òãǴڻģ첻ǽ౸û
Ҫ˵õҽǿ϶ԭݰõ򣬿ϧǰЩ˾ٱĲᣬȻ˻ˣҲˣСӵų˲ٿͷͬһ޳
ģ
סҺֵլҵҲһֱûǮޡүͿСҩɶ׬ԣţ
ɣллˣȹǾȥ
ϣˣɶ¾ңһϴ˵λá
á
Ŀ͹뿪緹Źųţһ·Ѱ֡
ʽĺɫש߷Уһ·ȥβǶƣǽϵשһɫǺģǻɫһש
߽ſͷƣֻԺ˲ľӣɹźܶҩģһطš
ָƾɻë̵ľŴʵ
𣿡
̧ͷĿһۣ
ҩ
ǣܽȥ𣿡
ɣʲôҩ
ʡ
˸𣿡
С
˵ݸһС޳
ë
ôˣ
¾ȵĿ˵ëҽԺܸ
Цˣ
Ѿͷ˵㻹𣿲ȻˣԻʵġ
Ҳ˼
½ӹ˸Ĵ˿̽ʵ
ҩ𣿡
ţ
ܲܡ̰֪еðҿԳǮⶼ˵
üһĿгӣ
㿴ҩ̸ʲô
ǸᣬҲǻˣҼﰮ湤ˣõҩ裬˼ζʧˣԾѧϰѧϰ
˻һˣ
һ㶼õģԣ
ԽԽϬı飬¾ԼٽͲܻܿᱻɻץܲܰɲݵɣ
ҡҷẦ˵ģܷġæҿԳѧѡ
ֱӾܾᶨҡҡͷ
ҲͽҲǵģǻȥúýӰɡ

⻰ôôŤء
ϳ²٣β´ˣȻû뵽ǣмˡ


32  ˾ٱ   лǸСôġ
顱һصû, ˵ţ˵š
ţ
һ˹
»аΰѵĹŵô˸飬˲ѡµſﲻҶ
£, ȥô, ԹԵĹ
š
ڱɵĵͷ
Ķֱ, Ⱥһ߲, Ҳûʲô˰ѵֵ֣ģ
·, ñ飬Լ׺һЩſš
վŴűװģͨ, Էھݣ
ǹһ˰ɣ

Ӧͱˡ
ҡҼﻹкأǣҷʲôˣΪʲôҪץң
ͷһ£һ£뵽һء
ǿԼ, żֿ
, ҺӲ, ߲û˰, ܲͨһҰѺӷŵھӼң
С
ͷĴ˵Ťͷ˵
ȥѺһϡ
ͷʱ¿ſ¶ͷ, ˻ȥ
ܿ칷ű˳Ҳϡ
̡̡
¿ۣæӹڻ塣
һ·ĵɳˣͱѶҡ
˾ٱΪƼ

ɵˣ
һ·û뵽ԭ
ͬ־ԩǣҸʲôˣԼô֪
ȥ춫ɽҸɶ
Էʡ
춫ɽ˭
±Ƶʵ
Ǹϴ򡣡
Ŷ
ԭٱġ
ϽʵóԿͷ
ǽһڰ֪ᱻٱҲȥҪӡ
ͬ־ҷĲǼҲûбĿģѧϰһҩķøҼǿãû뵽ˡ
ҲûзκβҩʲôǺúŪǲǣ
ûûû˵ĶġҼǾˣʱˣҲѧѧģᡣҪǲſȥʣ½ڣǶŵĸų
һ⻰˻࿴
ȥ顣
һ˵ˡ
Ѷжϣ˿ͷһνΪ£һĽŵĶĳˡ
ŶʮӺͬ־ˣ󻹸ˣһװһװ
ų𣿡
¿ģԼĪʮ꣬ͦװĺܡ
ų´һͷ
ƬһģһǶ½ųδޣû١
ȻǾͷ˰ɡ
³ǸЦЦ
Բסͬ־ҹĸŵ¡
ûϵ⡣
̫ллˡ
Խͳȥ뿪
±ſ۵Ĺųš·˵½ڵ飬
½㲻õģСء
ٴҲ˰
˳˾䡣
ų£תЦ
˵öԣ½ڲװƹͦϲģȸ軹ãܿ˾Բˡ
֦ųҲһ꣬Ůصľͷ翴ˡ˽ҲȰ½ڼΣ顣
½ڵʱһԼܾںߣԲûװֵ飬û衣
ͷ󲿷˵뷨ģϱӵһΪ˸Լһӡ
ǰ½ڳըһĻʱʣһʱ󲿷˶ˣ֦Ϣֵķ츲أҪ飬˵뵱ѸҲҪ½˹ߡ
Ϊ£ȥ쵼ȥҽԺֱ֣½ͦˣŰ²ɱ⴫½ڶǳ֦Ҳ֪Թá˸´Ŵ顣
ôôã
¼ǵ½˵¶ǰû顣
֦£ԭŷ½ڵĸߣûǮȻûˡΧȥĻҵ½Ǯӻˣ
½ĸıˣǸ½㹷档ĴҲ˵ʲôˣ˭Ǹõһ֣Ťͷ½ڰ̫ʵˡ
ҪǷϣ⹷Ůк³Ź֡
̫ʵˣ̫ںˡ
سǾôطʲô鶼סңСʲôǰ˵ҲνԺأ
ųͬĵͷ͵ſں˵˾䣬
½ںúùӰɡ
š
ҲΪϹڵġ

½ʹӣҴĿȫǡÿڼһоɲݣһ취Ǯֱͷһ˵ĿŹ֪¡
ءɩӣǶ˵㻵ˡǼӻ㲻˵Ϊ˲űץģ˵ǰǼ㣬Ϊˣ
۵İϻѪ˿ڣ
ҲôçĸǴܰô㲻˭򣿡
ɩϴζӮˣһܻܲɡ

ƨĺӣ˵Լˣ
ºЦԴ
֪⻰˭𣿡
֪Сá


33  Ĺ   ޣʲôɶҲ
뵽ϸ¶İͷ˵, 
ͷҿڼڶ˭
ԽԽףԺ͸˵ˡ
ͷͷתȥ˸ڣվԺŸڵĶ, û, һСк˹
˭ѽ
, ͷ
ű, ͷȥĴ˿ʵ, 
ӣûţ
ӵͷ
̸Сöڴ, ڼҿš
㲻𣿡
ͷʡ
İ̲ҳȥܣҡ
̯̯һε˵
аɣˡ
˵Ҫ뿪Ӳס֣
ͷ, Ұո˰ľɺˣҪҪȥ
ľ
ͷǰһ, Ķˡ뵽»ڸڵϢ, ֻʹܾ, 
´ΰɣ̲ܣҲøϽȥˡ
Ӳּ˵, 
ͷΪҲ֪ڸأ˵ˣŮ˲㣬카ˣʲôö
ѻ˵꣬ͱͷݺһѣֱˤڵϣĵ⣬۵ᡰˢ
ָͷ
ң㾹ȻҴңҪȥء
ͷʾĵ
ɩӵģô򡣡
Ҷô˵ģƾɶֻһˣء
վſЦпſ޳һŵ˵
ǰɣɩӶ˭˵ġ
ϾǸӣ˹ʶµһţ
ö˶˵ˡ
Ҹ˵ڴͷĴǰɣߣһȥ
˵ǰץסקˡ
˺üûѿˣ죬ۿֱת
˾ֱڣټµİԿģ˾ۼҲһ
ӻмͲСϱһ˵˵ЦЦΥδ߽¾Լ֡
£ɶ֪ǰӸſ˵ʱôġ
ƷǰϹôõ֡
ɲŮ߯ҪˣҼĻ²˵һ˻ģޣȻͷС½ҿɵøú˵˵Ůˡ
ߵǰ쳰
ϣļҵӰǡޡʲôз⽨˼ȫŮƽȣ㻹һףҪȥٱĻ
ЦЦĿӣԷɫѿָӾͿ
˭Ļɶʱ˵ˣó֤Ȼ˺졣
¿ĵĹֵͷ
㲻֪˭
˭ѽļҲ۵Ķ
ӵֱü
裬Ǹü˶йϵĺ꾫
఺ͷµΧһԭɻ˲ģ
µоȭͷӲˡ
ԭѽޣסⲻҪĶڣҼҵضȾˣͷø֧˵˵ֶ˵ߣŶӦˡ
ºǺ
̫̫ͲСķϣڵǸüСҴлɶûô
࿴ڻһȻģˣǶѻ˵ôˣŮҲ
ҳ½ڲڼҸɳôҪ£±˵ôһô̯֦Ůˣ첻ۡ
´ģֻϧ̫ԡ
Сƻ飬ҥҪηġ
˵Ťͷߣ˿˵ƿڴ

ϳԷʱԺĽԾɼʲôˡɧ֮Ĵһһ
ͷȥˣһѰס
ͷҡͷ̾
ɩӣԸ̫ˣҪạ̊́ñˡ
ҡҡͷ
ǣ磬ҲץסѱԸƷüƷķ
ͷƲƲ죬
ҷ㰤ˡ
ʱű죬˻ˡ
զ°æŸͲҲûעզˣǼӿɲƲ磬̫̫վſ춼ͣġ
½˵һĹӵ͸ǽ˻ȥ
ôûôܽˣѹһ˶޲ȥͷҿɵóȥúʡĵˡ
Է⻰ޣŭ¿Ӿȥ
ԵҶɩһѰסͳ˵
Ҫǲ޲ȥҵ£ǹسǿвˣˡ
Сӣ˲ͷۣʮͷʲôɣ֪ź浽˼Ƿǣ˵ĵأ˵׵˼Ҷ
顱
ӽظϣб۵
Ҫ˵Ǹҷأ˼Ҷ˻֪ӡ࣬ȥվǽͷȥĸ۵Ķ㣬ȥ
ɩһͷۣȵƳˣϴȫûһרעɷˡ
һĿһȥˡ
ܿ쳹Ϸֱ࣬Щ˵ڡ
˵Ĺӵļ߶һӲԸĵͷס˿ڡ
ڸ˰û죬ΪӱˣĻݡʱ˶ѳ극ɩʰߣ·ʱһ䣬
ԼԼϴȻ㻹롣
ŷƤӶûһ£ƫʰô

ҹ顱һԺĳ
ո˯Ķɩ˲䳳ѣƿ濴˿ɫԺ˻ķ⣬ʲôҲûС
Ťͷ˯Ķ磬
ѣ˽Ժˡ
緭˸ͷͷ⿴˿
ʲôˣզûƼ
ҶˣҪȥƣﲻ̤ʵ
ɩǡ
ʲôզûˣϽ˯ɣһ绹ȥɻء
˵ͷ¡
ɩȥôڵԼֲңֻ˯¡
ڶһ磬һļлҵԺӣ
ĸɱİǼҹˣ
һˣ˹˲˯æ
ֻһƬǽ壬ֹǹ裬Һüʳúõġ
һֱˡ
һ󼦷ɹ

ʰĹɻʵ
̣ڵΪʲôֿʼˣ
ţ
ǳ˳飬
˭ģ
ͷ磬˵̾ôеġ

ԺžС
Ŷ
ʰð̯ҪĶ󣬹Ҳˣڳһֻۣĵ˵
ǻãȫ˶ڿЦޣɶҲǡ
ۣܿ󲿷˻ֵģǹ˷ܾˡ
֧飬Ҫȥ֧飬ҡ
ſڴϿ޵ȥôȰ
ϽߣϽߣٲҲ硣
һץס첽뿪


34  Ӷ   Ͱ
ʱ, ̯Ѿвˣᳵ·Ĵмλߡ
°ͰԱ߰ɣ, ɶҲҡ
, ллӡ
·¶, , ԼߵСϡ
ºóԺúȵǰʱ˲, һСװۣɫ޵ĺɫСͽɫ, ɰ껭ϵİޣǳۡ
ĺɫֲ̿°ĿʯͷѹסĸǣȻĴȫȥ࣬һȷĺɫȹһɫëض, һЩ鲼ͷɵͷͷС
ëزϿ˴ǮŪģߴ粻ֻ̿, Ҳû˷ѡӹֻɺõЬ, Ȼ󽫲ͷƴȥ, ЬᣬһִƽЬͳˡ
һóӾ̲ס̾, 
·ЬÿҪǷŵٻ¥Ƕ˵öʮǮϡ
ЦЦ
ӣ˵ʮǮֵֵ
ʮǮֵ̫ˡ
˵ս£
̫壬ø۵أ·ļ۸Ͷ㡣ʮǮĶʼٶʮ塣⸽࣬вڣסĴ󲿷ֶǼǮ˶ǡ
µͷ
ס
ʵ㶨ʮģôһ˵ԵЩ
·ųûãܿҪʼˡ
´һ⿴΢̵ĳͽϵĺɫСƤЬ֪Ǵ󻧡
ϰ壬·ô
׵Ĳϣ͸żϲ
ʮ
һף
ָָȹӡ
һ
µָָëס
ޱüͷ΢壬۸Щˡ
ϰ壬ܱܲ˵㣿ʮһ˫Ьź·ͦ䣬ҲҰɡ


ͬ־ǿۣǴٲŶ԰ɡ·Ͽëصģŵٻ¥Ҳô˰ʽڱ𴦿ҪĻ
ޱȻ֪һ˫·ȥͼҵͷ͹ë
ʱʼ۵ģɻش
ʮȹӣЬʮ壬ͷëһë
㣬ȹܱ˵𣿡
˲ˣС⣬ٻҿɾͿˣӣҲ½㰡⻹ء
Цͷ
СˮĴ۾Լ˲ĸġ
Сѳԣ㣬ٸ˵£ȹӣ˫Ьӣ㷢ɶģ㿴ôණͷĨ˰ɡ
Ҫɣһ˸ǱëҲһǮˡ
һ¡
Сһɫһּ˵
ţҲ˵Ҫôء
ޱ˵Ŀ
ͬ־ʮǮһˡɣҸ˵㣬в
ޱڴǮֻʮǮһҪ
Цҡҡͷ׼·
ֻޱ˵
һųųãȰ·ߣͷȥҸǮ
ɹòЦݣ
˼С⣬Ųˡ
ƭ㣿
ޱ˵졣
ǣС⡣
˵ӿ֣·ݸλӡ
ޱûֹվ̯ǰûߡ
ӿֿ£̲ס˵˾䣬
ûҲȷǲͷļɱƭˡ
֪
ǲ˵ģֻһֱҲǸ°
̾˿װε˵
ͬ־ҪɣҸǮΣ
飡
飡
ɽ
ʮߡ
¸սӹǮͼץһԵķкͷǰ˻Σ
Щˡ
˵ߡ

üͷһæȥ̯λϵͷͷС
üһһץĸ
һԿĿֱҡͷ
һǮûˡ
£·Ĺ󰡡
½ʣµĶŲ̯λм䡣
ȷʵͦڣҲֵ
̾Ϣһ˼˿Сһ٣ٿԼһ̯ҲֵһǮ
ʣµСܿͱɨˣ̯ӴŹ׼ȥ㲼˭ոǮ˾ûˡ
æ׷ȥ󺰣

ҪǰѺŪˡ
ϸ룬Ĳ壬
ûпӰš
һ磬۵Ŀǽֱµ
֪Ҳ˲ϼˣæ
ϣզءôҲ˵Ļӵİ
˰ᣬ̧ͷʣ
û𣿡
ûаפŲӣɶĺأС͵СĶ
ˣǰ벿ôִļ˷ٲӦҲܱСϡ
ӣ֪֦𣿡
֪ڡ
͵һԴ
ϣզˣ㻹˵пܣҸղǰֿɿתƣֲ԰ףһѪɫûУƵġǰ˵ӲСĵˣоˡ
ô
µɴ۾ǰ첻úõ
ֵģ˳ôܻŹǡ˵沾ͲǺദģ֣ϱľ˼ءզĲ֪Ӷˣǿ϶Ǳһѡ
Ůģ
ȥ֣Ұɡ
Ӵ֣˴ŶʮӲŵ
֣Ҵδϣ¶һ졣
̧ţû߳һ̫̫
˭
СɻĿ
֦
һ⻰Էɫ˲
ڼҡ
˵Ҫš
ýŵסʣ
Ǹȥҽȥ
˵˲ڼҾͲڼңզ֪ȥˣʲô˰
ǡ
֦㣬ӣҶ°˼Ҳ˵֦ӣصġ
Цµĺ󱳣ʾ侲
ӣ˭л֦Ҫӻܼܣ
С㵹Ҳûϡ
˼ҲҲǵˣ˶ſڴȥҪ˵̱ˡ
һѻ
ɡ
˵ɿŤͷߡ
ں˵
ȽȥżȻֱ֦Ӷ
µͷ
ʰŤͷƳһۣһš˾ôţҲûˮȡ
ֱ֦࣬Ҳ֪ͼɶұ˶Դ˵ľ֪
˵˽һСʱҪסʱ֦ˡ
ֱӳȥ
أ֦أ
԰֦·ŵˣվǶһ仰Ҳ˵ֱ㶵Ķ
Сعζˣ˵оŮ˲ԾҪǸʶҲܷ϶ء
ӣôɲ̫صʲôèĶҼ죬Ұ
ҲΣָָ֦
öϱɶɣʱҪں˾͵ӣġ
͵ӣģ
СĴ˿ȷ֦һ˻ġ


35  ҵˣһ   ֪ġ
û͵, Ǳԩҡ
֦ĿǣҧŲҰ׵ĴĻζ˼£·Ҫ絹һ
˵أ˿ߵġ
Ŀթ
˭˵ģҶš
֦̹Ȼ, »һ, ѵ治ɵģ
֦, ½ڿɿ, Ҫ֪ĵĹ㣿
ǰһյߣȻú
ʱһĿɲֹһ, ֣ӡ
󼸸ִ֦Ӳĸˣ
㡭ƨ, 㡭ݣ
ǲǲ鲻ˣ˵Ҫûôģ˵ĻȰˣȥɳԺƴ㣿
ߴߴ磬ġ
аѱҪǲӳ£֣˾͵ȥ, кȻˡ
֦⼸챾͹ò⣬ۺ䳰ȷƵΧתԴ֪ԺܲкˣӾ߶顣֣м˻, һֱûɿڡ
֦֪, ߶
, ѵȸǿ
¼ҧŲɿڣЦŵͷ
, Ȼ費УҪѶӴȥǾȥ쵼˵˵ɣϾҲǴ£зȨ
˵곶ߡ
֦ʧɫţκܶ࣬˫ָǯƵģ
ҲȥҲȥΪʲôܴߡ
С״æסǣҪȥ˲Ǳߣӿɾˡ
Ǹǰɣмҵø˵ҶҪ֦ˣ͵Ǽȫ֪顭
ƨʲôʱҪ֣ˣҲ룡
֦۾ŭ
ǼҰҺ˦ңΣС㣬㵱֦۸ŲҲȥٱǣҪһ
񿴵ĳС㷢ë⡱һ£ѵŮ֪ɶˣ
Ǿһɡ첻ѹ˭ˡ
²ͷƿС㣬ߡ
֦һ·ţֶˡڳӿڵʱ֣ų١
ɩӣ嶯ⶼᣬᰡ֪ģҴȥ


36  ˣ   
»ͷ֦û, ֪Ĺǣæǰ˵
ϽȥӺӰɣҿ
ллˡ
ɿ, ֣ĳˡ
һֵͲ¥, סĻΧе, ֳļ͹ˡֵ繤°, ԭխС¥ݸӵˡ
˳Ⱥ¥׵Ĺһ뱻, һˡ֪Ͳ¥ȴû뵽ôСĴĴ㣬ǳȥ
ҡ
֣ǰ, 
ţ֣񡣡
䣬žͱ򿪣һԼĪʮͷĶ̷С˳
զˣ֦أ
һƿ˽ȥ
ô£
ײſڵϣ۵
º֣Ĺ, Ͻȥ
ҵĴϣﻹץĿšĴ۾ûһ˿¡
̣
½󱧡
¼û˿Ҳ
ܴ, ܴ, ӻС, ̡
ס׼ߣﲻʶϽǰס
˭Ѻӷ£ȻҾͱˡ
ȥ, Ҳ뱨ôҲȥ͸ĸʮɡ
סתͷ֣
֣ҲҪΪϴε¾Ѿ£⼸²˳ǳ뺦
͵̫Ѩû˵
λ½ųΡ
ｩס¶һ˿£
Ǹ½½ɩӣ֦ģ˵½ųȥˡû˹ģס֣ңðѹӹȥԲŷ⡣ҡ治Ҫӡ
֦ǹۣô½֮һ½ƢҪǻֺûˡ
亹ֱð󱳾ͱʪˡ
һûƽϣ֦Բˡ
½ڻһ˵ġ
˦뿪£֣æ׷ȥ߹ȶɲ˷롣

£¿ʼעضԹķƭɵĵСԴ˴һ䣬
ְҪȥҲҪ˵
Ͼ˵еСϵ
׵ʱſڰ˸ߵĲȻһûס
ˣ
Ժ˲両ֳµ
üӿٶȲˡ

һ磬¸մ򿪷žһƬסֽסѩġ
ʮ·ݣ½ڻû˵һѾȥʮˡ
緹ǰԤ·궫ȥʡ
ճڣھ벿ӴŲһ׵ĵط״СŶ˳سʻȥ
û룬궫뿪ˡɻؼʱȴԽԽԾûעſڵ࣬һŲȥ
ϣҵĽŰ£ϹĹۣû𣿡
Žţ۵ֱ롣
ԲסԲסҲû뵽Ҽſڻˡ
ʮǮ
ɶ
ʮǮҽҩѣ󹤷ѣӪѣϽġ
࿿ǽϣĵ˵һš
±Цˣ
ǽ𣿲һ¾ҪʮǮҼɣġҪɣҲһţҸʮװ֫ô
˵ЦЦһǽǿϴʯͷŵɱ˼ҡ
սݣԺӵĽʹ˹
ͷ۵ס䣬ϴ²ֿͣʼˣôţ¹ʹǰɣ
ֵһˣ
Ȼϣδˡ
۾ͿԲѣѪ½ǶΧűըĻҳ
æȥѹϣȴԼڲʵ
ܵؿͻȻ½͵ۣžΥ׳ǰ
ˣΣôء
ֱӵһΪܿԼתһ룬ΰ
¡
϶ִ˲佩סܿԼ
½ڡ
ǰλΣϧԷһ˹ȥ
ΰᱻըģ
̽̽½ڵıϢ壬ȶˣ첲ҲˣƺһǹѪܵĽʪѡ
ųһ˺ѷεĺߴԶĵطŤͷһƲŷԭﻹиء


37  ҵ½   һ
, ţҲǶˡ
ǰͻȻͷһΣˣ
۳⿴컹δ, ХŴѵ, Ĺ˯ɫͨ, ȵС¯һ
ĺ, ·ûʪ̧ĸŵС̺һԣֻźԼһıӡ
ʱ, Ҳӵӣ˯һ·ȥӶ½ڻѪӡ
Ȼ쿴ŴСӹ, Ȼһ
üͷ΢壬һͨʿûʸģʲôҪҪͬĳλ쵼ʸ
ϴų˼ƺͷд½ڵԱһӦòٵ˰ɣ
ԽԽòԾⶼô, Ϊʲô˻һɣ
뵽סˣ´ĹҴñӺ, ͹ް, Χš
ѩִ, űһ㣬Ѿǵ˽ס
֨֨Ĳѩڼž賿ʮôźһ۸, ˣͷ˵ɡ
СĲſڣվڵСǸİʶ¡
ͬ־Ƕ½ųδ£һ¶ŵų鷳æ𣿡
һ쵼æųȥ˵绰ų𴲽һ£üͷԾ֪϶½ڵ£СӲ˵ѽզ
ųͷˣȥ˵
һ棬¾Ȳʣ
ų½ôô˻ûʲô°ɣ
ûУûУСսµġ
ϴͱը˸֪Ƕ࣬Ѫ˵һ£ڶһ°ˣҪְ֡
˵̧Ĩᡣ
΢΢̧ƳųǾһüͷ֪ѻ
˵˻ˣųǱʲôҰɣ

ίų̾һ
ʵ˵ɡ

½ѵ磬Ա߲ϻ˯ŵףԼ´ӱˮȡ
һԷŵĹȣϵĴɸĳŲȥ˯žžડĹûдŵɴ졣
һŴͬ˵СⱻˣѵŲæ´æ
ųȥɡ
ȻûأŰɡ
˵꣬һַǽһŹȳȥˡ
û뵽մžͿųżε


38  ˴СǶ   
ųôˣ
½ڵ֮, ´ų߳Ŀ
ҪǲȥʣǲǾͲ˵

ۿߵĿų, ˵ò, ô£
ų֪, ٺһЦ, 
ɶϻиҪ, а½ڵĽѾˣַɶǲõ, ˣұ֤ѡõλá
˵ڰˣٲ½СӵҪɸˡ
Źһȳһյӣۣ۾һ٣ɿίֿı飬ֻȥ
Լѡ, ԺҪһӵģ侲
úš
½䲻ô, ȫǹ, ˿
û, ǡ
׸ңȥš
СķشϺӡСͶ١ɫĴ´ɸȥҽԺʳá
ڵķ˸ճ, Ϳھ˴󳤶ӡ극˻ȥʱϵײŸովѡ
һۿڴſ½ڣŵֱ
ˣˣųﰡ
ˣɩѾȥˡ
С˵
ɩӣɩô
ЩӦ
£¾ͶһϡƷнˡ
÷УҺʳʦ˲
ɩɩӣˡ
վڴĳЦš
¹˵
ǧ½ڻһҪ˵ڵã˶֪ˣҲ֪
Ƿֺú󣬱½ڴϿԡ
ŵġ
½ڿڽ͡
ʵҳĵڶˣ̫أһ¶ѣ֪˵ģټϲùǸӣԾǿӲҪǲҪ¸¡
ͻѵӦþ֪ͨΪһûȨ֪ˡ
û˵
ҲãǰͶǡ
½û£ųֹģų֪Ϣ֦һˣġ
°һۣ˵
´οɲˣ˵ôأչ˵˶ûпɻУҼȻѾҪ飬;֦飬ȻˣʵŲҵƷҲѡ񲻽ᡭ
ܣѾˣ֤
½ֱӴĻ˵
ı飬ЩЦ
첲ȣʵŰɡ
緹ȥϴ룬Сڲһû˯ã⡣յ½ڴһԳͳǣֽ滹ʣһĩ½ڵͷսСʵ
£ⶫ㵽״ĵģ

Ҳĭӣֻ죬ȴû뵽ɶ
˵ʵⶫ˭ģȥѧϰҩץ飬ųˡ£ûʣ˼ϣܸ˵ʵҩôģ
տʼʱ½һֱ裬ΪСġ
ֱҹ˳һ֪ǿЦġҩһɵŴ׷۵ζӦ㻯Һ廬º
ţֱϱƵ˿ھۿɼٶˡĻᱻ˷ԭ˿ڴһҩ·ڲĿڴ
УΪ˾С⣬ƿ˲䣬һźסѻص
亹ֱðҺЩɲҩҩЧͺߣС˿ڣһ£ֱӰȫµ˿ڶˣҲˡ
£˵ʵҲ߱˵ġ
½ĺ󱳼˵
֪ҵʱΪԼҪˣۻſϽҵ֣Լû뵽һߵʱľȻ㡣£ԺúùӰɡ

ˣΣܣôԼѵǴԽˣ
ϹҲûԱλȻΪʲôԺ֮ǰһ
½ڿɵɵӣ̲סͷů⣬ûбҲѵôЦݡ
²֪ô˵ֻܻŵͷ
ġ
㲻Ը˵ˣ˵ʱٸҡ
ǲ㣬ֻǲ֪ôڣԺɣԺǻؼ˵
Ҳʱô
ãġ
ؼҡ֣½ڴߵЦˡ￪ʼŵųŲӵ顣
˸㣬ɵĺԲųܻӡ
µͷ͹ȥӵʱ˳㿴ǷӣǸСһңûС˵м俴õķӣ½ӻеսһҡ
Ϊˣ֦һܳһʱ½ڶ˯ڼֱϵ㻺һЩ
¸ǵļԺˣ֪ʲôԭ½һֱûڻ֦Ҳûᣬ¾һֱ


39  ˵ɲݼ   ɩӣ֡
ʵ֦Ҫ, ǸʱѾ½ڹˣ÷Сͦãн½סˡ
һУ¡
뵽̲סһ, ½ڼ, 
ҽԺʳõķ̫嵭, ҳȥ㿪Сȥ
, ½Ҳġ
׻ʱֻʣһ˯ŵС, ڿ½ڡ
ɩأ
ˣ緹ˣɩҪӪ͡
׿½Եı, ̲ס˳飬Ǳιһ칷
ˣųѾҪˣ
½Ƴһۣ˼˻ʵ
˵ڴҵ£ȥɶϸ
һ飬һͨͨСʿ, Ϊɶ㲻ǺԵ⻰ɲ˵ҪҪ鷳
ֻͷӦˣ
, Ͼȥ

뿪ҽԺ, ¹սԱߵһҷ, ڲǷ㣬Եﲢûпˣϰͳʦе졣ӭӡ
, ɶ
òЦҡҡͷ
ҲԷģĳãԸǮ

ϰɻĿû
˵ҶסԺˣԱߵҽԺķЩ嵭ˣһĳЩӪķ˸壬ģҾԲӰ⡣һθëô
ϰһ£ͬˡ
ɣñܿȻûǡ
æͷ
ףһг𣿡
գߵһ·ҹǰһ·ھܿˡ⣬˵ĶС
ϣлл硣
³ţ⻹һ̶ֳȹȻСسܱȵġϵļҵףٿֱߵĸɫС꣬ﲻӿѵĳ嶯
ܻҪǮ꣬ء
ݵϰ˵·ߣ˴ʮ翴һͲг
ĩβѾˡ¾ֱ̯ǰ̯ʣѾˣİǶ¿˼۴õġ
ӿɶɱģʵĺܡ
ͷô
ָָһԱĸɸɾĴͷʵ
ҪĻëһɡ
ҡҡͷ
ϰ壬˵£ͷ޵Ķɾ˿ҲƽʱҲûɣҼҪвȣҪȻҲëһ´һаɣ
ɣëһðɣ
ϰҲˬˣһڴӦˡƽʱҲǴؼιëһﲻ
¸˵ӹǣϰءǮֳԱ̯λȥһֻЩϺ˻ȥˡ
ϰͳʦ˵Ա߻ĿڳԷ
¸ϰ彻ëǮ˳һһͷûע⣬ѸٴӿռͳһɲһСƬҶ˽ȥȻϸӲٹ
ûзʲô쳣ĲʱһƹһɼżζѸƮ̡
ϰͳʦԾܽһϲζ
ӣҲ̫˰ɣζ㡣
ͷʹߴա
Ǻǣûá
亹ˣɲѵַŶˣҲӽȥָ׸ǴС
־òø½ںأһֱӻģǿɾ鷳ˡ
ӣܲܡٺ٣һ㣿
ʦƤʵ
ЦŴӦ
û⣬ûãȳҸǶ˳ȥ
һ˼ͷ뿪ˡ
ú¸Ͻˮ߳ƽ
ϣϡеá
תƿͷĴͬٴˮζȻ˲١
ϰͳʦʱʱڴĵ
ߵߵߵ
ű졣
ϰ壬ɶô㣿һ롣
һźްƤӵ˽
ϰЦһ
ûⷹܵĲ˶ǽдء
ţζǵ𣿡
пʹӣĿ⿴
žϰ壬ⶼ
ϰĵĸһ飬пЩʧ䣬תӳʵ
ӣһ£
ֱӾܾ
˼磬ҼǿӺȵģ˵ҪúòС
һ룬һСҲСһ·ζҹģĲС
˵Żֽ˼ͬġ
¿ͷô˵ɿڡ
ҲˣҼǿӻûԷأˡϰ壬ллĳæɡ
˵ë˵
һйͷأ»𡣡
ϰǰһ˵
ӣܺƤҪһ벻
ղ뼦ʵ̫ˣССںȵЩδڳ򣬻ζ
ͷ˶ˮ㣬ϵĴƮǲ֬ᱻȥտʼʱ㣬¶ǾеˡĲ֬٣м仹һĪζһ붼ûȳʲôֲʣϾ˼ҵط
Ȼˣϰ壬ˣĹ˿ͻ鷳æ£ҾôһСɾסô졣
֪İɡ
µͷʢһõĴɰȻŽĴӣѸˡ
ſڼ˱סٲĥ䣬¸ǻᣬһƣ˱һԣ뿪ˡ
⡭զôҺôһٶأ
ɲǣҳоأˣ

ҽԺѾվڴſڵˣæӭȥ
ôɩӣɣ̫ˡ
ҡҡͷ㿪֣
㶫ʲôġ
ǸҰɣҪȻųˡ
¿Ųˡ
ðɡ
ϡ
䣬͵һӲ֡
׸Ͻץס˺һ˵
üһᰡ
µָ֣ǽڷϸķ·һͶϣȻôɵ˷ݵĴȻԺһ棬֣Ǹһװ˼׳߳ȥ˺üס
ʱһ¡ͷԺϣų֪ҪΪʵ̫ˡ
ɩӣи󡣡
һĿ
ţ
󡣡

µͷԼֿ֣ףһµͷӦˡ
¶Цݣֻǲ˵һʱԷֿˣ
Ҫ𣿡

סЦˣ
ţҪ𣿡
¼Ŀ˵˾䡣
޹ʾͱ鿴ҪѪˡ
ɲء
ЦŮ͹˵ģãҲҪˡ߲ﻹֵģʱƤһɴȥֱ˶ˡ


40  ֤   ز
¼½ںСЦн
ڴһɺ, ෢
Ůǳ˴ôôҪ֪ڲĹ˿û
뵽ͻȻеͬԼҸųˣһǡ
½ɻƳһۣôͬ飿
ȥǵü

ʲôˡ
ȷʵüɩһŮ˼Ҷ, ǶүǶ
Сֲһ䡣
ں, ҭһɫ
⻰в˵ֶһ, ŤͷЦеĳ˵, 
С⣬, Ҳһ°ɡ
Сҡҡͷ
˰ɩӣӮ㲻ʡ
Ӯˡ
һѻ, ܹһ˶ˣ뵽Ƴ˿ڴͷպ½ڡ
ųҪҲɩӱһ£
½ڵƳһۣǵС˼Ŷ塣
Ȳ㶼ü

ҭһ£˲첻˵
СⱻһӦ
ȾͱȣɩӣҺӱȱ, ׺úÿ
һNɪЦС, ȳԺܵġ
⡣
½ÿ, ֽ̧һֻȼнС
, Եɡ
˵ֽ˻ȥ¶ǣԸоµı仯, ⻹ǲ˰ɡ
½ڼ¿̲סü
Ե̫ˡ
ºգͷԱСŵĹͷⷹǰˡ
һ˷ƵѸٹϷ꣬׺СδҰ죬
ɩӣʲô𻹲壬泩·ʹľ
½ڿȻû˵ͬ档
һ㲹Ĳҩѣϲ컹
½ڵͷһ䣬
ٷŵ㣬ҵĺõ̫ˡ
½סش½ڻλԼʯĸ첲Ӹ첲ûʲôˡ
գԺСĵˡ
죬ʱ½ںС仯Ȼ⡣
ǰ̫ˣǳʲôö𣿡
ҽüͷ٩
סʮˣܲ
Сûôֻ࣬Լá
˵ôأ˵ϸ첲ȵģû¸УѵãϻҲûôǿ
ҽôҲ벻ͨ
СһƲƲ죬
Ǹų˵Զûϴز˵Ҳûɶ£ɩóԺúȵιţòŹء
ԣҽҪǺõĻܲܳԺؼϢ
뵽⼸Բã˯õģЩۡ
ԣøͷ˵һ
ⶼ˵
½ڻȥųͨ˸绰Ϳʼʰ
ʱ¿ŻƳ۳ΧŵĿǡ
ϰҲʮָӣȿ˲٣ֵȥҵĳ
һ̾Ϣ䣬εĿԼû˵ʲôأϰȱˡ
ʳ໽УЩζǺòȥ
ǿõķ˿첽뿪ˡ
Ҫܳݶá
ɲζԽԽ

һͿ˰ֱڲֱĳţһԵʰ׵ľɫ
զˣ
극Ǿȥ֤ɡ
˵£½ЦⲻϣҲԽ͡

ЩӦ
סԺôͻȻ֤ˣ
ɩӣҽ˵ãָĿ죬סԺȥҲԡ
С⻶˵ЩɰƻˣͲøϽȥء
֪ɲãҽûлɱġ
ãһǵ˰ɡ
½Цŵͷ
ġ
һţĵ̲ס̾ҪȺСӿǶҪ°ˣ˭뵽ĸųȻ޹ϡ

½һǾ˦˼ǣȥҪ˵
Ŀͷ
Ѹٳ˷ݣȥϰЩȣ
ӣö𣿡
ǣϰ˳̸⡣
ͦͦ壬ԼЩһϸˣ͸ŹκһǮĻᣬͶ
⣿
ϰ˻Ƭ̺ͻȻ
ɶӣȿˮ˵ǡطôѽ
ҡҡͷ
طס
ǹͷ㰾ζˣǼɲ֮ԽԽ㡣
ף𣿡
ϰʡ
ǣǹ
BaN
ӣЦˣôùͷҪûˣĻζ
ûͼ´򿪹ǣһ˹ֱϰ̿ˮ
ɽǮ
ʮ飡

ϰζ丶Ǯ
ӣã
⻰סˣ˵⼸ζԽԽŨԽԽ㣬ܱ治֪
˼Ƭ̺ϰҪֽдµַ
Ժ˿ҡ
úúá
ϰһް㡣
ŴŽϰ壬صҽԺʱǵĳѾſڵˡ
Сֱȥ֡
СƳһЦ
½ųɩӰ
½ڲ𻰣ŤͷЦųգգۡ
пǸο漰ʱ
һСʱʳ¯ĺɫ½ڵŵĸ첲ȳŵڴۣɿװΧȺڳأԵ˼
߰ɣؼҡ
סĸ첲һƬǳˡ
ؼҡ

½֤ϱȥϢ˴Ժ̸ʣһ³صعֵļǡ
½ųϱƯ
һͱ˶ٸŮǣһ껹ڿָСк߹Ĵк
λһŹųļ÷ɩУ·ַĻҾͻھӡ
½ڴսСܵ
÷ɩãԺ¾С
£˺һƯ
ºĵˣԼʲôﻹġ
ˣҷӶûи͸Ͻˣ˵Ǽأûû˵ģɱǡҲʲôطɶ͸ɶ˵Ҳû˭ˡ
²ԵĿ½ڣ½ڰοĽ˽֣
ⷿǿ϶
У粻°ҲðġҪǼĴأѾ֪ˡ
÷ɩ˵
֪ˣллɩӡ
㣬ɶȲˣ龫ˣøϽȥһƿҪϼֵڡ
˵ڰִæǣź뿪ˡ
¿ıӰûסʵ
ߵļôǮ龫˵򡣡
½ЦЦ
ôҲȣҲȥ򡣡
ǰЩĻû̫꣬øúòСһûǱҪ
ȥǮһƿȡϹңҵ׻УҪŻȱȥˣҡ
µͷ˵պھӣ˼ҼǵҲģҪ鷳
߰ɣȥӹ


41  Ƥ   һ
һųԺ, Ϳһ˹ſ̨ϵͷ֪ʲô

վſڽһѸ̧ͷ˺ɱȥ˽
, ְ֣
½ںͰͷʵ, 
ôһأ
æ, ȥѧ, ڼǡ
ͷɵ˵
ߣǵųɩӻ
ʡ
ǻ, סôã֮ǰܲ˵һȥõķӿ
½ʵ
ðҲ뿴, ȣ
Щġ
µģ첲ϵʯժˣʵ鷳
ɣȥһҽԺ
˴ŹƵţ·ųֻһĿСԺӣ￪ʼ˼Щʲôá
ʱ۵һ, һݣòԼͷŮųһվǶɵ, ¶ֹĵЦ, 
½ų, ˵Ҫְϲ㰡첲Ȼðɣ۲ۣ
ûˣʦ, 
½ʼޱ飬䵭ģ͵ЩӦ
Ŷҡӣӿ治űҼҿ
÷Цŷֽźϡ
ҸһģҼûŶԵÿɡ
½˵꿴ŵԿף÷Ӵߺ󣬽Կ׿ٴ˿ڴ
λɩӰɣÿλվһƵģĽء
³òЦЦ
ʦˣ鷳𣿡
ʲô£˵ܰһ
÷ǰһýõӡ
ֱ˵ˣҺ½·ģͰղԿסǺǣû˼鷳ſһ¡
÷ɫ΢䣬ȻЦţȴ˼ֲڡ
ԿԼϵģûأɩӣҺôǸʦôܻأ
˼ˡһŸոô㿪ݵˣԭۻ
ЦеĿ÷Цͷðκ
϶㿴ˣҾǻˣԹھӼҴŶѡ
ʦǻûأˡ
ǰûʱ䡣ˣҪ֮ǰǷӶðȻС˵㣬ҲˣסáǼ˶࣬ҪΧھӰҲզദµġ
¿һ׼ƪ߿ļƣϽ
ʦҼ½ȻȳأܳʱվţлҪǻͷ˵ȽȥûʲôҪʰĵط
÷δڵĻôȫɤ۶ƤЦⲻЦĺǺ˵
ɩӣ⸱Ÿ˵ҾԼرϲȻҾˣҲ֪ǸʦϿξͷɤӣ°ҲͲ˵ôϻˡ
˵Խ뿪ˡ
ıӰ´ս½ʵ
ĵʦѽ
Сѧġ
һ⻰̲סʼģ
ǹѧᱻСЬɣ
ϹʲôأôҲǸʦôġ
½һӣƲƲ죬ˣ빷Сѧʱ仹أʱ˵¡
˽תһȦĴǳ⣬Ǳ׼һʮƽӣ㲻ϴ󣬵һסԹˡ
½ڣǸϽѷȷɣҲʡЩ˵ˡ
½ڵͷ
ų˾͸˵
á
귿ʱ䣬ųûؼˣ˱ߡ
ųŵƣϱԺˣԻ÷
˹ӻЦ˵
Էɣ׼˲ٶǻȥ
ʶ½ڣ½ڵͷӦ
ǳɣ鷳ɩˡ
㣬һٷѣ鷳ɶϽɣջ߶ء
ǽˡ
·½̨ף˽ȥתͷֿ÷鲻̲
ʦʱˣ㻹ؼҸ
ϿˣʳøǴˡ
÷ڵƵģûһ¡
ղŲ˵ûҲףѵۻģϢһ컹óԵĲ
÷ɺ⣬
óԣôһˣ۰˭˭ͳʳãҲܡ
ǺЦӦȻѸٽĲ꣬ɨһˣ
ʦ⻹أͲˡ
ݣ÷ҲŽȥ߱˵
û£Ҳ
Ÿƨɺ÷еûôƤôˡ
ʦСվôˡ
û£ſڸ롣
˵껹ſſϲˡ

찵ûɫ⻰ֱ
Ҳ˹ų򴽣Ƭ̺˵
ʦ˻ûԷأҲȥ
÷ͷڰִ
ôԼ˵軹н㶼أ
ųһʱҲ֪˵ʲôһĬֻʣﴫۡв治С
죬ʲô˰
ų쳤ʵ
˵ŹǺͰֻ˸½ڲ
˵꽫óȻ÷˼ЦЦ
ԲסʦҲ֪ԡҪˡ
˵ˣ÷һӣ
û£ҶȵС

찵ޡһ治Ҫ
ۡˣ
Ҳˣųһүǲ̫˼Ůͬ־ƽϣֻܱ첻½ˣϾԼң˶˵ʲôˣǸûҪͷ
һȴһûһţֱűƿųҵӻΣķΧ
裬Ҷˡ
СĴµ
һƿ
֪һѧ͵裬Ҳ֪ؼң´ξס˼ǣɴˡ
Ĵ
ǽҲŹˡ
֣ˡ
ڵܵܵĵƤʮϴȺܶࡣ
ϣˣϴ󣬰ŵӹ
һžͿſڵ÷˲˼֡
÷ͷһۣ漴Ť˻ȥͬ죬ҲܶԷǷǻ
֪Լϱ˼һھʹ롣
½ʲôʱңȥʰ
˻һ÷һ˹
ڼضûյɨôпհ˰ˣ˼½ųǰǷסͦãȥĶ鷳
һ仰˵˸ûٿھһЦ
ʦǰƻˮˣôоôأųҲ˵˵ɣΪʲôǰ᣿
ɶ𺬺ģ˺ˬ
˶ûϵôֱףˢˢĿ÷ش


42  ĵ÷   
÷Լ˾, ﲻðֻԼ²̨
ƤЦⲻЦĺǺ
ʲôʱ˵ǰˣҲ룬ǼҾ͹һ, һȫס, αػôķ, óҪˡ
һĨЦ, 
ǵʦģ˼Ǹ, Ҷһ䣬ʦҪ˭֪Ժշкܶ, λ쵼ûסɣ
ȻɩʵҲͲҴˣҼ˶࣬࣬ΧھҲʵڴ뻻ӡ·λֺá
죡
Ķͷֱ, Ůʲô˵ΧھӴãⲻϸŵ
зһģû˭˭, Ҫпնʰʰ, Щ߰, ûõĶһҲͲڼˡ
÷£عŭָ, 
Ȱ㶪ȥʲôɾ֪ڼܣ嶼ˣǻ뵱ϷүأɨҴҪһëǮ죬ûˡ
彩סεĺ޲Ҹطȥ˵ʱϸղ˺ü֡
Щ»ؼ˵
ؼ˵ؼұڼҰɣǲһˣ÷Ǹˡھ͸Ҹ׼ӵǻǲ
÷ֱĶȴ𰸣ɫԽѿںȲķˣԷƽƺȰܵĴ㶼ûС
һۣ̫Ѩ׼ס÷ؼң
ųңҪҲӰ˼ҡ
÷һ֣
ΪųҲŸҪ˵쵼أǲǵøҸ˵
÷ǲǣϽһؼҡ
˵һץסϣ˾ôŶȰֻǸϽߡ
˭֪÷̧֡žһ°ѹڿǽ̳ˡ
һˣ˳մƬһأĿ˲һζ

ȭˡ
ųʶſڵϱֻһץŵİײҶˣ˫ðĶ÷
ʦҪ־鷳ؼ֣ҼҶô£Ƿģ
ˣæɿ÷ȥϰѣ
Բסɩӣ͸ʰͷǮ㡣
ʰˣؼҺúý̽ϱɣôҲǸʦģƽʱ˵ûһִ磬̵ܽĺúӣ
˻һ÷ɫЩҲסˣŮ˱ҪȥСɣٿɫ÷ܡ
뵽̬˲óڴͿʼĨᣬ
ɩӣǧĪңҡҲһʱļҼҲ֪ҪǲĹȥˣء
룬ȥͲ£ɶҿ޵ĸɥƵġޣ
Ծɼе˾䣬
ɶѾ˵Ⱥλˣһ
÷һ޵ĸˣס־ͿʼƪԹŲУǴӲ̫ھ̫ζҪըˣŮɶ˵
ιѾ˵ˣԼǴų
ųһһֿ÷ӱסҶʱһʲôҽױ밲ˡ
һֱſĻϴͷ̫ԣɫĸæܹȥѻʣһݽ˳
ºŲ裬֣ˣ˵˵ȥҪҵĻǷӿɶģϹˡ
۳÷ָԼ·ºһ´ɲ˵
ʦ˼Ҿⲻڻǽڲìܡ²ãٿķӣٺõھǻġ
ɩӣ⻰˵еһжҵĴ£
÷תץס˻һìͷȫָ¡
ҿûô˵ֻѡ
ôʱҶһʮɩӣҼѰ˵пޣɶ˵ľһءҵе취˵Щ¡
˵
쿴ķͷŤһȥ
пޣǴĿģ
ⲻǺҾˣСأסһӶܰ
⻰Ĺ춼¿ĭˡ
ʦ˼ҿ»ޣܲԼĿռ䶼ûаɣ
꣬ܰʲô£
÷˵ֱ׳
ôСŴ꣬Լܰʲô¡
ԼҪԭöӿ֪
ȭͷŤͷȥˡﰲԼʮ룬÷ҪҪ׷ȥʱϰѻˡ
һԵԽǽǵ̲ˡ
ɩӣܲܽҵ룿̲Ȼˣȥϴϴܳԡ
£Ȼͷ
Ҹȥ
÷˼Ŀ潫̲˼Ž
ǸɶڳԵˣϵҲؤɶ𡣡
˻һ˵ˣųɫһĳ˵
ʦ˼ô£̲ȻˣϴϴܳԣΪɶҪˣ֪пڳԵĶ಻ϰֳʳộ
Уƾɶؤ˼ҶǸƶũ֪֪ԽԽ١ҿȥο˰ɡ
÷ɫ˲԰ףҲ֪Լղ˵ˣ޴Ŀͷ˭ͷ̧͸ûƵġ
ҡҾһ˵ûЩ˼
Ҳ˲òĥӵˣϽ׹ȥæ
װɡ
˵нùŲץζ֭ܵĲУ뵽ų컹ֱĶԼǰұֳ
һ汻ȥοΣʦĹҪܵӰ죬ʱλ϶Ĳ
һѸٽɨɾȻ뿪
ɩӣȥãȻٸ
û£ðɡ
ڰֵ
ֿųˣ
ųģһȥһ÷úģ֤ٷ¡½ʱңʱңȻҿɲ
˵ͷ
Ȼȥˡ
˵Ťͷ̤뿪˿÷ûиϡ
ȵңôɶ
÷˵ĸһ·Сܻ˼ҡ
һţܺĴ֣ͽ¯ӱ߿Ĺӱ죬һصûɨһߵϣһӳûϴ̡
˽Ƥ˵˾䣬
ˣķڹأϽ԰ɡ
ںŵ÷ֱӱˡ
ҵأ
÷˵ʵ
ߣǲԼ˵ʲô˭˭ԣͶ
÷һ۳


43  ÷ݴԺ   
һû÷, վսһļơ
ֻǻûȿڣžƮ˹뵽Լ÷ֻýѹĵ, ĬĬ׼ŪԵġ
÷һŤͷͬ˵
, ɸ, վڹߴڰǷ÷һŴл, ԼԡɲΪίԼˡ
ડĵ˿˵ע⡣
һֱעĸŮ˲˹ȥ, մõĵҺָ
첻ɻ֪ȥ, ԼҪҪùҲ䣬ޡ
һĭµ÷ϣĺһ֡ӸˣǹԼȥ
ǰһһѽק˹÷Ҳ, 
ĸûǮԸôˣҵǮġŮˣҶʰ԰ʳİɡ
˵־ȥ, С, һվ, ˭ˡҲˣŤͷҪȥκһſڣһ, м粽С
裬Ǿ͵ңҲԾǲܳԡȻ
˵ɿݷƵָݺֱϵϡ
÷۵ļһԾקûɡ
û죿˵˵ȥǿӹĺˣռôȥǣôȥСǣΪǣ㲻鷳Ҳ֪͵͵Ǯȥǡ
ƨǮ
Ӳ˵ʹ¿ˡ
ɶ飬֪Ǯ˶֣ҳԼҵĶܵ𣿡
÷ᣬܱȵģۿҪקȥˣ֣ˤҲԡ
ž
ˤڵ˼꣬ɫĵҺĵǣʮִۡ
ӼǶͷֻ˿ĺһ׼뿪
˭֪תʹžһ죬¾ǡһĵҺĵ˳Žűĳ˼ζ
Ҳԣ˭ԡ
÷ϲŭƽĺܡ
üͷһ壬׼ڣ໵һ˹ȥ

ųңղһͨڣˣҲǰ֡
ŴԶߵıӰޡһڡ
ǻ
裬䡣
϶ȶһ¡
ȥ¯ӱ߿̲ζɢɢѧ
˵껹ųһ۲Ž
¼״˹ȥ
ɩӣְɡ
òãһ˾С
ڰִ㽫Ƴȥ
ЦЦ˹ûϴĲ˷Žˮһһϴš
״п̾˿˸˵Ĳ治һ
ллˣһ;͡
˵ҲʼæȿŹϣȻŲˡ
ûʲôɩˣų˵ˡ
뵽ίηηӣ¾Ц
ƲƲ죬
ĻǸų°ģһͿ
ҲܹϾ÷ϣóһȥɩӣ룬Ϊ˱ҹζ࣬͸½ڰĶֻǰҵ黹鷳Ǵˡ
˵˵
ͻȻͣв˵ĶŤͷս˵
ʶ÷ʱ䲻ˣҶ˽²ôưոݡָ컹֣ҪȻǱܱɣʡôֵĲ졣
ܣȲ˵ҼҸõõģѡģ½ڵȻûأϹڣռùͷҲôǵġ
ϸϸģ׾Σһ˫ܴº͵Ц⣬ôǸʲô
ȻˣҲͲ˵ʲôʱݴǣҸһȥ֤ҡ
˭
ʵ
ʦķˣҲسĸŮΣǰЩˣҪһӲܻƽʱʲô¶⡣
ȻĵͷȻͷй쵼Ͳ̫鷳½ˡ
һûһţ÷Ѿǰҹˡ
ųǻȥճû߼ﴫļΧھмվſڣꡣ
ò˯ˣҲڶˣˡ
ﺢһҪѧ˻ҪȥѵôôϢã
ɩӣҲܹȥǶ뻻ˡ

ͷ۵Ŀң֪Ͳˡ÷ҲǹԵģʱԵĸʲôƵģһ߾Ϳʼİɡ
ЩͶǼҵĻ治ֹһˡ
ǰɣȥҿ
ε˵
ųüͷ
ȥɣú̸̸
ɣȽȥˡ
Ŀ͹ݺ˲ųź뿪һǼңųŤͷˣ
ҾͲˣʵڲɩӡ
ɣǾͲˡ
ţȥɡ
ųԶһڲŽš
һϴһ
һڸճ緹žͱˣһ߰˸ˣҲУһ㲣۵ڣȻһ϶û˯á
ߣͷЦЦûж˵ʲô
ã½֮ǰ˵Ҵ࣬
鷳ˣɡ

÷ϻģģϢ׼ȥʱڴԺսǴˡ
ɩӣ°ͦ簡λû𣿡
÷һЦ顣
ʦҽصش̸̸֯ġͶǼҵĶ߰˸ˡ
ѻ˵꣬÷һĴȾͿʼߡǷ˲ʮĹ䶼ˡû취ꡣ
Է¿һתǰһԼͬ顣
ʦ治ףҪѽƶ÷ˡ
÷裬ŮҪûŪôվˣ
û취ɡ
˵Ĩ˰ᡣ
ʵҲýҾһֳɵİ취ǲ֪벻ԣ
ʲô취
÷ˡ
źʹôԭ򣬾ΪûлȨҪ͵סǵݡ
˵꣬÷뷭ۣɵ֪ܲ
ɩӣ㲻˵쵥λ¶æҸֵ´ԺҾʦͦʵġڲźãЭ϶С
÷۾һ˵ôˡ
⡭ʦĿô죿
ɵĿʵ
ҿ١
÷
˵ͷըˣҪǲϽҲϵĲġ
һֿʼңæ
ȻǾ鷳ʦˡ
鷳鷳ҿ϶úøɡ
÷˵ӣһЦ


44  Ů   ǼЩ춼С
Ȼ˵, Ҳվ·ˣظҰɡ
˵סµߣ÷˹, Ҫ¿ɲ
ǿ, 
ɩ, ˵ҽ·ˣ
Ȼˡ
³Ц, 
ѽ˴Ұæ, Ѷʰãůơ
÷鵭ĳ˳촽ǰ̬ˡ
˵ҪôŪ, 𣿡
ʦôôأʦݴԺƷԸɲ£Ҫ񲻳Ȩı˽
÷
ôֵĸо
Ǻǣôء
һصӣЦ˼, 
˵ʦ㲻ΪԼ룬ҲÿǿӪǰ;ǡԼҪ, ϾҺ͹ɩӶô㡣
, ˵Ķԡ
÷ںܿ϶Լȷʵǵ, ˵ŮôͻȻ˵ûءˣ
һĵͷٸ, 
ʦúøɣȺλһ˵
ô˵÷ɫ˺ܶࡣ
ſڣԺĴŲ۾۾ӲǱӵİһۣкֱӽˤš
÷䡱ˣ뷢˾䣬
ʦӵ̬ȡ
÷Ƴһۣ
Ȼˣټ
һűˤĸղŸˡ
üͷ˻һ
øú˵һⶼǹҵĶܸƻˡ

ҵĵһһ˯һЩŤΪ½ڿڻˡ
˯мɣСʡõȥ
½üͷһ壬
ɡ
ˣϽ˯ɣ컹ء
ź۵£½ڳ̾һ޿κΡ
·⣬Ṵ𴽽ǣһҹߡ
ڶһ극ͱ·ȥˡ
ҽǰͻް͹ȥڼҺúϢǵðˣҩ
Щ½ʵ飬Ѿܾ׼ƿˡ𽥱׳ֲõ̫עĿ
½ڻ壬̫ûоͷ콩ˡȻŹ۰Ͱ͵Ŀ˵
֪ˣ
һһСͬӣǹʪС񣬲ͣգţ
ţóԵġ
⼸·Ȼûκμ۸ߣֽѾٿǮˡ
ǰĴתţ²ķɿ죬Ͻ궫
ϣɩôһȥ
÷վԺˢߺ
¿һĭ˾䣬
Щȥ
˵Ҫߣ÷һϽǰס
ȥ簡ܰӵǿûζԵġ
˵ʱΧһȦĭĵǣ²ɵЩۼĺһͷ˵
ɣҪ٣
ëǮİɣˮǾС
µͷӦá͸Ͻ뿪ˡ
Űͬ˼ſãܿű򿪣һģŮ˳¶Цݣ
ô͹ˡ
׼ȥ˳·㡣
˵ʱϹŸߣʣ
Ҳǲ÷𣿡
ǣ
Ů˿ٷ񶨣£תǺЦ֣
βʮ
Ŷãһ£ø㡣
˵½ŹϣӺǮ
ȥ·ϣԽԽԾֲ֪⡣
ֱ·ǰʱӽס
££ɶôԣ
ҡͷЦЦ
ûУӣⲻɣŶôˡ
ⲻе˼ȻͶˡҲɣǴҶڽϿ˴ˡ
ʲô£
һʱûӦ
ǲǰЩǼ𣿡
˳Źָķ¿ȥȻһλİĹǰЩǸŮ˵ĳ¡


45  Ҫȴϣ   ˼ֶˡ
šüͷ, ǳ˵棿
ȥʣɿǹ뿪ĴæҲˡ
ɫãӸæǰο
, 춼, ˾Ͱʡ
±΢Щ, 
ллˡ
, ɶҲûٳĶ, Űײûȥĺܡ
á
š
ܾѾµл뿪ʱƳһͬ·, Ӱ˰Ťͷ˹硣
Ǻüһײһ
΢ʱֹһֱԼԾֱͦ΢̧һŵĲӴӹ
µһ˿, ղǹװ֪·Ĳˡ
ﻹһŮͻĶƵȹӣѰˡ
΢صĲߣӶİ취, ſڵõ֦û
££ǣ£
ŶԷͷ̧ԽԼ˴Ժ, ̧һԵϺݺ¡
ͼ޸½, ʲôɰģ۾ϳҲǸ顣ޡ
Ťͷ޺޵뿪ˡ
²ǹⲻ̫û, ڼſڵųǵ÷Ҳˡ
ɩӣɶأҽ춼û
Ƶġ
»عŤͷȥ÷һ˵קĸ첲
ҵأ
ŶҲˣëǮġ
һֽǵݹȥһ̯ǰ
ãллˡ
÷ӹŤͷߣüͷ΢壬ǰһץסļ
ӣ㻹ûǮء
ŶǮһҽݸá
˵ܽ
ԼĪӣű򿪣÷¶һͷ
ɩӣ˼ûǮȥǮˣٸɡ
˵ꡰžһš
£
ʰ԰ӵСɩӳڰ֣ɻ߹ȥֻСɩ˵
Ǽһ⣬̫̫ӣռû꣬ҼǽԵĴУżͿ챻޶ͺˡǱָҪǮˡһǵһǣ´β˳ǮĶҪ
ллˡ
ɶ˸½Ҳǹϵܺõսѣչ㡣Ѿ²ûȥԣпճ档
¿ž²ůůġ
ãпվ
뿪ʱٿһңԼԼ͸ӰڲߺѸʧˡ
ЦһëǮأǶžͿ˵
ûëǮ˲䵽㡣
һţ½ھͲĲԾæʣ
췢ʲô𣿡
ûУȥˣŹȡ
˵Ų˽顱һ˳ֹϣ½ڵüͷšĸˡ
ʮӺ´СĿҪ޲޵˵
½ڣô죿
ţ
ҡҡ
֧֧£½ڣʺ
ƽº͵˵
ûϵ㾡˵Ҳġ
𣿡
ֹסᣬһ˫ϴˢ۾ڴĿ
ģ˵ɡ
ҡҸղֶҩȫŽȥˡ
½ڣ
ǿջЦİο
û£ȻԵ㣬ٳԵ㡣

Сָͷ
ʲô
Ź

½ڿűҪ޵£üͷͷ͡
ʣڱ֤ƵͬʱԵŹǣ
ߵȣͦģ
˵´ԴɥɥģŹǹཹð̣һŨ˳ŷƮȥԶ
װְΪʲô˵Ĺûûεſڳſڵĵϵȿ
ã¿ڴƽ
Ҫٰȴϣ
½ڣ
ϱ


46  ռ侫   ռʹֲ
½ںߺ, ζƳһۡ
һٺЦ
Цأ档ʵֻҪǲ˵, ˭֪û԰ɡóԳԸúȺ, ²顣Ҽȥ
˵ת˳
һСʱ, ˶, óĴĵ´ʢŹǣСɽƵġ
ԼС۰Ͱ͵ĳ, ӶϡºЦԴȻһѹǵġ
԰ɡ
лл̡
һЦͷ
½ڿԼЩ, ԭã֪Ҫˣ鷴ˡ
԰ɣˣҲ˷Ѳǡ
ڿĸŲˣЩ顣
½ƳһҲͷ, ԷٶˣԭԼԿֵܶ¿ϵĹͷˣ˰컹û½ڵһ롣
½ѾԵ̧ͷˡ
³һ, ѾȫȻɲݵ顣
, ½ԹĵĶӿʼ, ӿǸµļ٣ҪôȥȦɡ
, ôȥˡ
£˻
ŵͻȻʹǿҲ̲ס߳½һַסס壬ͷ亹ˢڵϣֱۼ⣬𣬿ˡ
ôˣ
·ͷȥֻ½ڽҧأ˫ͨ죬ʹࡣ
æܹȥס½Ƴһûжţֱֻϵ͹Խԡ
½ڣҰ
ЩţҪҪٸɲݣϾɶΡǴ쵱ͻȻʧٳֻᱻְɡ
뵽ŵ³̲ס˸£뷨

½ڽŵ棬ڴŴڵȱϵʱ۵ܡ
·нϣȻ·ϣѼ⵶Сͬʱʹһȫŷ̵ҧˡ
ʹֻһӣȻʧһδйӯȫȪ͸һ㣬Ĺͷˡ
ûˡ
ɳƵżãʮﻹ泩ء
ûˣ
´ſǻ۾ش
ţûˡ
½۵̧ͷᡣ
ҷɻ
û˵꣬оǰһڣԴصĳȥ
ܳ½ڣɵýסҰ
һۣѾ˿ռ䡣
¶ˣ
ﻹֱƵ½ڣ
أ
ף̲ˣ
ɴ۾ССԴɻ
½ڸæߺ
ûвȥˣȥҪ˵Ŷ
ţŮ
ЦİְֵԵú˷ܡ
½ڼ״Ҳ˵ֱӱڻ˯Сһɶˡ
ռ
ȥȥѽȥ
ǰͷɤӶˣȻûʲôãռͺ񳹵ܱգϵһ㣬ʲôûһ㷴Ӧ
ºɤӶðˣҲԽɳơ򴽰꣬ȥʼƤˡ
ܣˮûССɲݵǳıǰˡҶƬʺ˲١
ռˣ
뵽ǿɲݡ
һô۲죬ɲݵٶȣ״̬ǰȫͬҪС
ɲݵСͬͨ䣬Ƥں񡱣̵Ҷӽ͸ԺĿ۽ɫĻꡣ
½ŵץסϥȥˡС˵Ǻöڸʲôġ
ʶ̧ͷԱߵľ壬
Ʒɲݣ
ɶã
һһţ
ΰٲ
עЧ죬Чã
ֻЩ֣ûκα仯Ƶʱ߳˿ռ䡣
ŵƣ½ڽüͷڵϣŤͷ򴰻Ѿ͸ˡ
½ûԤϵֵôͻȻҲû뵽Ȼš
㶵Ķ˺һ
㡭
㡭
˵
˵
һĬ
ǡ˵
̽ʵ
˵˵ʲô
½üʵ
˵ܲš
һܳĽͺ½ˡ
ϱһˣ
ġ
Ȼ黹š
ֻ½šüþûпڣ･û˵ף˼֮ʣͻȻ˾䣬
ϱ㲻Ұɣ
᲻ᡣ
˺ܶ࣬ȴû뵽½ôһ䡣
ǾУǳԷɣ˵ϡûŹһ¡
Ŷáףأ
ŷֹˡ
ιԹˣ洲ſءҵֿƾճֵĻȥ˵
½ڿǵܵ¶Ц⡣
ǳԷɡ

ҹ˯ֱͻȻק˿ռ
ռûкҹ΢۵Ĺ·ۡ
Ťͷһƣžˣ
ռ˲һ˵Ļɫ仨꣬ɫ̵֦ɣǱ
һռɹ
Ʒۻ
һ꣬
;㷺
ʹֲһ
£
ʶôãԻ
ٹġ
ô
ʹֲбע
ľֳһ֡
üһԭܵİ
ɵˣ˷˶Դ
ʹֲĶ
ʡ
ھǵص㡣
껨Ϸһɫġ
ȥܲͽڰɣ
ռУĵȺ򣡡
в𣿡
ĵȺռ
Ͳܻһ𣿡
±Ĳ
ռУĵȺ򣡡
ˣһֻ˹ܵĿռ˹ϡ
˼˵ʲô
ҧǿľ壬޲һ߹ȥϾռ佻Ψһ;ˣһִʾãǾˡ
½ڰҹʱֲˣƵĵ۾컨壬ֱСʱ󣬶ߴһ
㻹û˯
ŤͷίĿ
Ϊ˵㣬ҹͻȻ뿪˵ĵġˣ˯ȥ
˵۷
¾̫ˣﲻ벻ס
㣬أ˯ȥ

ڶһ극´СӣԺڿռáһǸӵָ⣬Ҳи׼
£ȥ
·ſڵĹЦųִк
ȥ˳÷ǷҵëǮҪ
ǷëǮʲô
ʵ
½һ˵ֱü
ҴӺŰռԺģ²һˣԼȥ϶ҪߣҴȥң÷Żûء
ſ£ܿű򿪣÷˯ܹš
˭ѽô͹
һţֱûõް࣬˲ѡ˸飬Ͻϴŵްáްв΢ĺɫ黨ϣ˺ʵ޻ůůͣӷס
˺÷˲ģһٶ¾䣬
̫ˣһȥ·
ȻһţûȻˡ
ЩЦѹſھëǮǣŲԼǮ۰
̧ţ
ʦʦ
ڱŵ÷ķ˸Ȼ󳯿
㣬ȥ£õķ
÷һֱۣӾܾ
ȥˡǽе㣬ҪȥԼȥֲѾߡ
÷ᣬϡޡһڣƵĴмóȵ·ʼĸ첲һӴ˲һ㼦Ƥ
ֲϰ࣬ǱƵô
ſ˿ʮӣŲٴα򿪣÷
̫˼ˣŴ飬˯˵㣬͡վˣλɩӸϽɡ̫Բסˣſڵôá
ڿ¯Ա߿߰ӵ÷һƣʶ㣬ֻ˻ûüͱסˡ
÷ͬ־ëǮǲǵûˣҼ½ȻأǮ궫ҵøϽȥ
Цվſڿ
ʲôëǮ㣬ǷǮˣ
÷һ𾪵ùĵסޡһڣֲǵһηˣװʲôװ
ţɩëǮǣŵǴ
÷ָָ˵
ǮǲģⱲӶҪǮ
÷Ҳɵӣһ⻰ָ֪Լڿء
ʲôǰôëǮ顣
£˼Ҳ
ǲκ˳Ǯġ
ЦԽĻҲ
ǼҵĶ˭Ը˭ҹܲšǮ鷳ңҶھӣҲֵ̫ȫԺ˶֪ʱ˵˭ԼƴƴӣûǲҪΪĵӡ
˵ų֡
÷ɫ䣬Ťͷ÷һۣ׼Ǯ˭֪ԷŤͷͻ˷䣬Ϸš
ҴýȥǮˣǵһɡ
÷Ц
ӹȥˣ
˾ôֱ㶵ſվӣµĳ׺ˡ
ڿռԭ򣬵󲿷ʱ䶼棬ʲô鶼ˡ
첻κϵˡ
ʦɩƼݹܴԺ飬ڵŹɩӵ棬Լӵ¶ˣ湻ġ
Цȫޣһ⡣
ǣ⡭
÷ͣ²ֱԽߵ÷ǰ¡
÷ͬ־ǷծǮ쾭壬ȻѴҲͲˣΪ֮ǰĳŵƤЬҾˣǵǮԺꡣ
˵굱ſڵЬ׼Ь
ǽ÷˶ģҾԼǮ˻ǰЬ·һѡ
޹Ӽ˶طСû飬صػǮһ׹ӡΪˣԺ˱֦ʡǮ
ĸŮΪ¶΢ʣ߶˺óʱ䡣ǵ˼еǮûϲŶԡ˳ֵǹӲǴ÷˼﹫ãҹܻңֱݼȥҲŻ
÷ôҲû뵽ǧȡĹʹȨҪʵ˷㡣
Ӵʱº͹ɩѾˡ
÷ôŵ㣿ôҶ㻹Ժ¶Ұ󡣡
÷ɫڳ
㱾´ǷǮޣˡ
˵ŤͷţŮ˾ʹһȥ
÷׼ˣƤЬʮǮأûôΣëǮֱˡ뵽Ҳ˳ȥÿڳͺӳѧæǰʣ
ӣ֪½ųҵȥ𣿡
ĮƳһۣ
֪
˵겻ٿھʹߴ뿪ˡ
÷뿪ıӰݺݡޡһڣ
ʲô

½Ьߺӵ˹Ȼ㼱Ҵҵĳȥ
Ӵſڣ֦׵ˡ
µǿȴ
Ĵ֦ںС˼ͱ˦ˡ
ܵ󱳴˵ߣЦһҪżʲӳֲᣬһúʰǡ
ãðѲӡ
ոǮתüһŮϴĲȥİһʹˡҲ̫ԭ˰ɣ
ʲôû˴·
Ӱһۣ££·Ĵ߹ȥ
һֻԸɰ
ſڣ֦ǽԴС֮ʾʹǰˣ΢ߵ·˾͸˰˹Ƶġ
£һ£лҪ˵
ߴֺ߳
бۿȥɫ԰׵ˣ
ҪǸйصģǱ˵ˡ
ҲӵģʡǸ½˵𣿡
СĹ۲ɫ
ûС
´׼ߡ
֦ƲƲ죬
Ҫû˵Ҽҽôᱻﴦ֣£ôҲϵһ⣬Ҿ㵱ʱûҪҲԲκ˺顣
Щͣ
⻰˵ʲôҪǲžȥ½ںˣһˡ
˵ܿӰͳһڵ㡣
֦˸ؿڣ
塣
ôȥô֣أʵʵ˵δ
뵽һɱǷʲôʱζȻ޴ˡ

뿪ûֱӻشԺתͷȥ˴լ
һռ䣬ͽεŲɲݵµأһһӡ
¾ǸӣܿһŰɫֽ¶˵һ롣
һϲæ¶ɫƤϡʹֲᡱɫ֡
һҳǹ˾ͲƷܣ
ϲռƷ˾ôôأ
üͷʹ˰Ҳû
ˣ󿴡
ƷƷκʽṩԵˡʹùԺע
һʮҳСӣ»һСʱʱ䣬һֲȫˡ
Ҵһʼʹôˣ˵ռ侫飬ΪʲôңƭǼƷɲݣ
ָӣΪɲӲݣ仨ЩôͲϻδֲȣǸܵܡ
˼˵ʲô
װ˵ˣܡ
˼˵ʲô
飬@$@#
໰
˼˵ʲô
ǿӣĲ
κͻȻվȥһѣȻľͷʵˮ
˵ˮһҾͻǰûԹҲ֪ǲġ
ŲЦķ


47     Ͷ߿ռ侫
ע⣺ʱ, ģһ
ţ
Ʋ죬ɻŹƨռ侫ҪʲôɧʱһǿѸٴָܹȫ, Ȼֻ, ˵ѾһӼסѵˡ
۵ǲ, ֺëֱ, 鴤Ƥһصľ㤸, ֮ﶼƽ
̧ͷͷ֪ʲôʱȫ֧վҲܲ³ԼʱӦ𲻴
ռ侫Σ뷨, ģʽ档ٴ֣ѣΪᳫ
£
֮ǰƭҵô㣿
ЩȾռȷʹ÷ô·
˼˵ʲô
$#%@
໰
˼˵ʲô
޿˰ԼУУ⹷ȾҪβסĻ, ѱԺ󲻻ٿ
취
ٴηֲϸͷֲ̫ԣ
ռ侫, ôֶ˰ҳ
Ŵιռ侫ıΪ, ռ侫ֲϸ鿴ʹֲ20汾
£
쳤Х
ƾʲôֻңҲҪ
˼, ˵ʲô
ﱩˣ嶼ûһ¡
ԩˡ
ԱҲǱ
ףɫͶ߰ť𣿿ռ侫飬˵Ұһô
𡭡
ľϵָʾһѾۼֿİȥ, ֱˢ
װãͶյСʱڻظעգ
ռ侫ֱϢߣ
Цˣˬˣ
ֲźúʱѾ硣ڼڳ֣Ƴһۣ첽ӴԺȥ
һսԺͱһס
İЦЦ
զΣʶҰסбţҶŵĸųԶɽǼġ
ŶӰ˼հ࣬ûüȥλھӼҴţûϳ
³ǸһЦ
㣬£˵䲻ˣԺпնҼҴҶϱһ󣬸϶ӣҪȥţҲи˵ˡ
ϣæһȥ
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ʲô𣿡
¿˿קԼӵ֡
ңˡϽȥʦǶǴý÷½ֵǶȥˣ˵ƤЬҪǻЬǮ
ʲôŮˡ
߯Ҫˣ
ϽģһСʱˣҹŵǶۿޣŶ
ĻأµĲҲӿ˲١
ʦ칫ʱѾΧһȦˡڰ칫󣬴һװĿǡ
ǰߵ˫ƤЬ÷ӵ֣վԱ߱һ޵ĺòߵ÷
Ϊ˵½ֱǶһ
վſ֤˵ĹŤͷæ
ʦ¡
˲˵߶ϡ
ʦá
΢Цǰʦ˲ӡ
ţȻˣǾͿһôɡ÷ͬ־ٱ٣Ҫ㻹ЬǮҽܴ֡ʲôҪ˵𣿡
²ɨһۣô÷뵽İ취ôܶ٣˽̵İɣ
Ŀ⣬÷ͦͦظƣȫһС˵־ģ¸ȷԼ뷨е顣
÷ĿһۣŤͷȥ˵
ʦ÷ͬ־ǷǮģëǮ˵಻࣬˵Ҳ١
û˵˵졣
÷Ļµ
⻰˵ˣҪȻҽҲȥ㡣˵죬ҵһ䣬÷ͬ־쵽һ찡׼ûⲻˣ𣿡
ͱˣ÷鲻ѡԼŮˣסڻ
ͬ־ҹŮûв˼ⲻǿµǮʣĲ࣬ǼҲܵóԷǡ˼ǻҼҹ˽͸㡣⡭ֻû˵ѣ㲻׾ֱӽ˵ҲĲԡ
һίֱ׳ģ¶ΪݼĹˡݵðҪ˵ϵһڰ׶ߵˡ
ӣ÷ͬ־û˵ˮǣëǮأԷǮ˻ܳŵ͸Ǻܵ԰ɣͱһ꣬˵ҲǵˣëǮǣëǮʳĸʵݶֲɡ
Ϊ
Ӹ;ͱˣ
Ϊʲôü˶ӣԼܵʱ̬ñݡ۰ӣҲֲΪϾɲֹĸŮˣӪءνֵڰףСأһֲӰô죿ǿûǴǷǹ
С˵簮ӣ˵ڻһĻ䡣
󶥳ñһҵͷͣЩʵ̫ףʱɣСˡ
ɫˣ÷ԱһŲݺݵͷһξ˻仰͵
üͷͷ۵Ҫըһ¹غӣԼǰ;⼸ñӿ۵ϡ
׼ʱȿ˿ڣ
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̬ȳϿңֺ½ڹϵķϣ±ôˣ÷Ծɲġ
ǵǮˣô㣿
Ųһηģȭͷˣûһᡣ
ǷծǮ쾭壬ɩӸղҲ˵ˣ㲻ϻǮϿŵµĺʲô˵ġ
һԼĵܵܣͻȻ˵÷ܲˡ
ָ˼飬
㡭ǳӲˣСʱ򡭡
ұ죡
÷޿̵ĳҪǵطԣǶһˡ
÷㾹Ȼ
÷۾ɵøˣ
ҾȻô˵͸ұ죡
žһʦϵƤЬݺ÷űߣ
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ʦȻȥˡ
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½ЦЦ˸˳µߡ
һţ̲סʵ
ȥ֮ǰ㶼˵ʲôˣʦΪʲô˵
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¾
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Ц
ҲáˣˣӦ˵ġ
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š
뵽ӣ½ڱ鸴ӣ
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޲Ǻѡ
ϱǸʱ춼Ҫ˱ţ·ءֱǸСʹ
ôˣ궼żµؼˡӺѪᣬԺô¾ͿޣԺôҡ
½ڱ࣬Ҳٶ˵ʲô
Ժڳʳµ㹦ɣ⺢Сóɸˡ
ãˡ
˱߱Ĳ͵ųңǽݳԷ½л
صңϰĸУ򿪺һһ׷
ţʹҴҸǮˡ
̫ԲסˣɩӣҽҲ˵ûˣëǮ
ãǮҾˣҲƽϵġ
Ǹ⣬м²п
Ҳ̫ͿĻ̫ᡣ
Ϊûܹӣͷֵܾ֪ˡ
ֵܣֵҲ
Щȣ
ӻϼҴסʮˣǶװ°ɣ
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ô𣿡
ǵúǺܲ׵һ£Աɩӻ̾ҪϸǶȥûȥɡ
ҲûôףųһѶѣЩ»ػŪΧھӶԹصɲС
ŶҶˣ
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48  ӱ   ·
½ЦЦ˵, öĶ
ҪǮӰ쵽֮Ĺϵɣ
µǵĿֵķз·üˡ
ģûôСۡ
½ڿ϶˵, ôս, Щ˽ġ
ǷһƬܰ, Ҵʱȴը˹
ʦ칫һȥ, һӾͱסˣ
, Ҳ̫Ǹˣһ¾ͰʲôǸ½, ſڱտڶϱզΣûŮ˻ˣǡ
ˣֵĲ𣿡
һֱŻ÷ˣ̧ץϷŵĿݺ档һƬĵǣŵ÷һȥ
÷ǵһηҲǵһҶ, ÷ԸоεƢʱһ
ŴָʹŵĴýηһţ÷ÿЦֳ졣
Ȼ, ˶Ӳ˻
һ, ֱһСƬ, ΢ʹв
һɣָ÷ӿ
ɥĵ, Ϊ˸˴ţ÷ǺġҶӵϹ۲ŻȢôֲܼҵĽҾ첲գ㶼
š֨һ򿪣߽δĻ
裬ⶼˡ
Ӳһ
ôôĿǸǮ䰭˭ˣ
һ뵽ղȥǮۣ
ûõ㶼С˲Ƚŵˣ㻹ûһϸŸǮ˵ûǱĴƹɶ𣿸ͷͽе
ˣ
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ҪǾίҴСΰǵʱ͸һȥɡ
һ⻰Ӿˣ÷ˣ÷Цˡ
Ҫˡ
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ΪԼˣԼôܻأ
裬ǾԺũĵͷ˭˭ɤžͶɤšҪһΪҺõľͲô½ҵ쵼Ǵǰ𣿡
ޱ֪ˡ
Ϊ
裬Ҷɩֻ˸ģҪչˣȥɡ
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һߣ÷ҲװˣһϷ˽Լ䡣
һţĸŮʹ޵ĴԺһƬӽ͸ֻ
ޣá

˯Űȥլһž˿ռ䡣
СʱѾȥҲѾ
װãͶߣѲռ侫008ȷʵڹʧġԴϲʾϵǸ⣬һһݣעգлл
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Ģõ壬ջˣ˲Σǡ¶ˮⶼʲô߰Ķ
ӵѹŵĿƬ
x1˺Ƭʹá
Ҳеˡ
ϽƬ˺ķ飬һɫxɲԱߵĿյϡ
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š
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49  ȡţ   һֺ١
á
ӦĲɡ
վԽб龡۵, ҿ϶һҪ顣
УĲ飬εİܰ׳ԡ

һؼҾȥ˹죬ʱ, Ǹĸɲ, ֪Ŀ϶ȱ˶ࡣ
, ûӦ
СɩӺ˾, 
ûˣȥˡ
, ллˡ
ֻûؼҡ
½ŹȼѵĻЩƣǸȫȴҪװȳ, ÿһӵͻܣ޲һȥ
ȻҲֻѡ
½ʱͬƵıһӶ̲סЦˡ
ôˣʲôˣ
½֧Źȣվıֱ

³̾һ·˵ˣ
治װ
½æο, 
˼·ͦԵģƸͷװʡʱʡǰԼ׬Ҳࡣ
µͷ, 
⵹, ֻҶ, ֪ѡĸȥҹɩʣֲڼҡ
Ϊʲôң
һ˿ί
㣿ÿôæʱ˽
΢죬ȵĿ
½һȳһ, ѾߵСϣһɫ˵
ֲʱ䶼ѵҲǻӴġҽ˷װȻ˽Ӫϰ˲ҵΧҲ㡣ǹעصľ·ʽȥܵһüǮ̸ֳɵĻҲ̸һЩ
˲˽ӪǵĿԴ󲿷ֶǸ󹤳ҲǶƹװƷѸĻ٣̸ֳɸˡ
Ȼ֪ô࣡
۳ݵĿ
½ں䴽ǣ
´òҲҡ
ã
һڴӦ
ϸóԵ͡ʲô˵
½֧Դͷ
ϴŹǴοɱɲݣ춼ͷˡ
С
ĵĬĬ˵˾䣬ɲݣҰݰƵĳôࡣޣӵĿռ侫顣
ЩûҪ½֪ˡ

ҹһžڴϣ⺮ХĴֱ죬ҹ˯ҲԺˡ
Ĵ⿴һۣ˯˹ȥ
ڶһͱڽӵĽˡ
ҵүҵĲѽզء
ϣˣòֳˡ
裬ۼҰײ˶ܳˣզ찡

⿴ȥڴҵӣǸʱ
뵽ռ侫ĻϽ׼ȥ
ôô磿
½Եɵɳɤʵ
ҵĲ˻ˣҳȥʲô
ЬŴްţվһɨһ߿ϧĲˡ
զͻȻ±ӽ˪أһ׼ûС
µͷϸһƣѩȻಣСıŤͷԺȥΧǽͷȥǽֵһƬײѾҵ䣬Ҷɵضǣµİײ˰ҲӿݣǶС

һ̾
ײ˶ûóˡ
ӣʣµӦûС
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ҲԼٰأһ±򵽵ĲҲˡ˸Ͻҳԣٸˡ
ھӼȻ뷨һæղء
ǼҵãΪûļ֣˷˷ա
תѸ˷Ϳߣ߱ϴ½ڽ
˱ӣҵĲ˶ˣҵøȥ˹ڵ˳ԣϴϴ
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š
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£
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⼸λǶŵļǣɩӣ¶ӡ
һһţЦŰк
˵رˣһͷɵøúѧѧ
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ðɩɶʱԡ
ɩһǸˬˣദ
Ҳȥӭ
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춼ˡ
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Ҽǰһܲȥõ㡣
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ۻԱЩͷ
˭ûӣ˭˿٣ǼҲʮ˵ʲôˣ˽ףסѧϰǶȥˣԼô滹ôأ
˻һڶ˴֧
ͬ־˵öԣһŹƽ
ǣٿԲҪͬ־ǲ١žš
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ǰͷ˵ļλȺﲻ¶ͷۻԱȰĺһŤͷȥˡ
ڻ٣ȷײˣײ˷ܲȵһЩ߲ˡ
ҲԤϵܿˡ
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ǺɶӶͬҲˣ˵ķ𣿡
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ϴΪͶߵĿͷΪ078ţҪͨռ侫Ͷҳ棡
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51  ˵ѩ   
·ͼ, ò˵ȻС
ռ侫飬ҪôҳһھͿ𣿡

ʲô˼ҵĻ
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󲿷˼ұرʳͨ, ֵȻ͵͡ԿǸţźͷǽͺܸߡ
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ף
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²һ䣬Ͼǿܾûˡ
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ⶼϱĹͣҲ壬벻öѡ
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ͷ¡
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ţǾͺá
ȺıŹ׼˯ߴһͳ
ЩϢ㵽Ǵģ


52  ˸ܵ   һ
һ, ˯˲ʧ˶ˡ
һֱ½ڶûʹ⣬ͻȻڲǡ
Ľ䱸, ½һ, ˼ɬաüһ, , 
ôҾٱ㣿
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½ڡ
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ų
û룬˯ɣԺʲôֱӸ˵С
, á
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ž
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ڶһ۾Ϳ⣬Ĺ͸黨ԼԼսⷭõСسǣѾܾûмôõˡ
¿һŵĴλɫıӵɶİĴѹۺ嶼ûС
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53     һ
׻Ǹ, ¼һƣ˲Ͷˡ
㡣

¸˵ĿһԵĹ켱Ҫϻˣȥ½˵˵
˾ȳ͵ҽԺ, ʣµǿɾͲˡ
¼еطȥ, ûٲ¡
æ뿪ȥ, ʣµ˼ѾȺ, ȻؼѾǰҹˡԺѩɨĺܸɾκαѩûֹͣ˼, Ӵſڵʮӵľ룬˼Ͼ
´ɡЩⲻȥ˶, ˭һ򶼲̫á
ף°ɡģôʱɡһѩûУҼǰѣϳһȦ͸ѹˡ
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𣿿ɿɡͦµġ
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ҪҪȥ½쿪˵Ǳ߱Ƚ߱Ƚ϶࣬Ҫ˹ȥ÷˶ȥأ
ȥ
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½׼ĶǹֹѪ⣬ʲôûãĵڣѹʯͷƵĴ
һҵ˵ΪԶȥʱͲܻ㲻õģδӵĲңҿ԰ǿźӡ
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ɶڸ֯æ
˵ĻһԵĹ˸ţģ֪첻ˡ
ۿϥϵ֣ίͰ͵Ĵſǻ
̣ҪȥģҪ𣿡
۵Ľ
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ҼסɣǰѺĶ㡣Ұڰٻ¥Сǿһ档
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ʰú̧ۿľϵĽ
14%
ռ侫飬ѩҪð
ʮһ֮СһתΪѩֲ3~4硣עⱣůǱҪ
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µͻʮҡ
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ͷۺ¶ˮЩᣬⶫóȥûð
ռ侫飬˵¶ˮ˺𣿡
ʣռ侫ѾΪκɽ˻Ϳɻ20%Ľȡ
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ɽвٲҩʹãռ侫Ϊṩҩ񡣡
Ҷˣллռ侫顣
ܰҵҡ
ֻҪͶʲô˵

ڶɽʱ÷ִ˹
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Ϊɶ
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Ϊ㣡
ȿȿȡ
Բۣ
һڿˮǺںؿڷζȳˡ
һֵĿŴս÷Ů˷˰ɣ
ɩӣզˣɶôҸģ
ˣȿȿȡ
߿ȱ㣬ܿ֡
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54  ֦   һ
ķ˸, 
ҾǻɻҲ½Ȣ㡣
㡭
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Сںܾ֮ǰ, Ͱ½ҪϢ˳ȥ, ں䳰ȷĹǺ
һжŮˡ
ÿ
ײ, 󲽳ȥ, ҪæûոŮ˺ơ
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Χ۵ĻʿǱӵĿ
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ЩѻͬģбҪһһ
ܴͲҪҶܡ
ˣ˵ûˣĺܲ˽𣿴СǸƺ«˵ҼҰС꣬أͬһ߿
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⣿Ǹаĺģ˵֦Ѿû
һ벻ͨͷۣŹ۵СΪѹ⺢ӺһӶ÷ǳ⡣
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֣ң
֦ۿԱߺ˯֣񣬺ȻҲôˡ
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55  ϵĴ   һ
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С˵ֿӺǳ
Ҳȱһ, ҪԾ, ʡ֪², Ūֵġ
ôһ͡, ҷϵΧȺڻȻԭô°, תͷȰ֦
֦ǰЩ˳ԸӦõ, ɱƢˡ
ǣȥɣôٶˡ

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һĨ۾, ˲µ޵ñȸղŸˣ
ôƢˣܵƤ˾ͽ, ˾ء
һƬž, ϶ٶЩΡ
֦, ȳСٿھȵ
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˭ˣ֦ٸϹ˵һ䣡
֣ҵѹסĻΪһ仰ֱˣһԵϽס
ھǶأǰգȻȻ˵ˡ
֣ҵҪ
Լ֣վ
ãˣҴʼնûָ˼ϸ³ˣҽ˵Ǻúòģ˶ǼĶۼûɶöôֻȽǳԣ˺㡣ɩһҪ˵ĲǸаɣ
ʲôаɣĸȡһ
Уǰɡ
ɩˣŮ˲֪ˣԺҲԾǡ
֦ҰѪɫȻһЦҪʱεŤͷݣرշŸ˴ҵߡ
֦ڴ泩ɲɻˣ
ԺʽҲ˱仯
ŮûʲôȷʵúúòҪȻԺͿˡ
ϾãԿڼͱ˵ˣղӣĽ
ѾͷҲǸģӸû֡С㰡ŵҲһˮƽ

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ȭһѴǽϣŭĶݵţ
ȥŮǡ
վסӸղŲˣݳԷ
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ԭ׷Ϊղŵһͨڣڱϡ˰һθڶûˡ
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㵽ʲô
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ҾǡǸôκõġ
¿Ķ֧֧ᣬһ
֦ѵûӵԭ
㲻
£µˢİ׵͸촽΢΢һݵģ
ôΣ֮ǰһʹ߹顣
ջһ˿ֿ֦ͬʼҧˣȻв
֣ͷΡ
ԣȷ
Щš
Ųš
֦ۡ
£ϾҶӣԺɲ̫ܶҾԲŹġ
ͻȻЦһ˦֣
ʲôʸܣҲ衣
İȥɣ
֦仰Ҳ
Ͼϵһ⣬ɵÿ۸ˡ
˵ŤͷҪߣֻͷһ䣬
Ǹ˷ģСС;ͲǸ񣬲ĺڻӵ۸ˡע㰡
֪ˡ
´Ӻ֥ͬ뿪෴һ·϶ڳ˼ӽüû
⺢ɶأôԡ
صԺȥҹߵſھͱ÷˹ȥ
ɩӣҹأҲ¡
ôˣ
÷ţһ۾Ϳſڻ¯ԿкĹԱ߻÷ҵСӺֵܡ
裡
Щ˷ܣſͳ˹
裬ԡ
ллӣ
ͷҧһںֵ˹ȥ
óԣ԰ɡ
ͷĵ˻ȥ
ɩʱȥᣬͰѺӷŵҼˣԷɣߦ棬ɲ׼ҿ
ãҾҸϴˡ
һͬ˳÷óһŰײ̾˿
˵Ѿ֯ɹˣΪͨ⣬ҲҪʮ졣Ҽûģܹ
뵽ռˣиõĶѿ˵
ҼУȻ

𼱻ǵˣ÷ֻߦ
ԼĪӣ±ŹĹҵĲˡóһ´衣
ôࣿôʣôŪģ̽¡
÷͵ˣͱĢѿĽˡ
Ǹڴ˵ĹӸġ
Ŷˣ
ӡ
ûˣ֮ǰֵģûԽһֱڡ
÷ˣҲǴũģСû˵
±ʵĶ֪ôشֲʵó֮еĳȫռ䡣
۾һƳ鵽Ĺæ˵
ˮ쿪ˣûߦء
÷ͷһյ¶ͷ
Ÿ˵ˣյȲ裬Ȼһůůӡ
ãȥϴˡ
š
˸æģʱʱ䣬պɡ
ȺЩп˭뵽֮ǰŵ÷ھȻһԷˡ
÷ԸȷʵƷֻǼƷԣϲʹ㣬ҵиܹȥ䳰ȷɻһˡ
÷֪𣿡
֪ȫҳɹܡǴ󶼸ҧѪˣҴýңץ˺üһûҳšҲûźãҰ޽ǵһͷקˣͺ˵һ¡
˵껹Ц
̲סǳ˳飬
̣˷۸Һ͸ˡ
СԴһȿ佱ı顣
ЦЦϵĿ䣬
ǿ̸ǳԡ
лл̡
Ե÷ǳˡ
˷÷ҲĲУſ²ģʽ
ǼϴƷǿǿ϶ֱһģ̳ģ˵һģһ֦ǰֻܹԼ½ڳʱ򣬹һڼûٱ۸ҾͿĴأСƤǳ𣬺Ҳ
µͷĬĬԷɫĿ¡
ֻ÷˵
𿴹ɩǼĸɲߣҲأ۽ǿſϣ˰£ء
һԵ͵
ҸܵǮȥСǣײ˷磬ҵܵܵǮҵܲͷϴȥҵܣʹңǾˣ迴ˣȥҴˡ˷֪󲻵˵ǣɨ衣
ֱ࣬е㲻˼飬
ھôţû˹
ǲ֪жѲٱһΣܲ£ɶҲɾſ£˭ܵˣ˸ʦķ˺磬¬æҽԺġ
ѹ֡
Ҳ£ҳҲ̵ͷˣ׼˺ɩӴһִˣֳĻֱӱߣ̨ӲʵûɶãҲ¬ǸúǡŰɣǻʿĹ׼ס
˼ƽϣȻûɶ̨Ӱ쵽½ڵǰ;ͳ˼ˡ
ã֪ôˡ֪ʲôʱ½˵ֻųһڼңҲ̫ùȥ
һ治֪ǵҲϡĹעƽʱ͸Ҽϴ϶ǼܵԶ㣬Ͼҿɴ򲻹Ƕ
ЩЦ÷ڴԺҲǳͷû뵽Ȼµˡ
ЦɶҲøǶһʶҪǸ۸ҶӣҲġ
ǼϴҪ꼶ˡ
극æʰ꣬´ŹֵԼҡ
£ͼᡷǵСװҳ档
棬ȥʰʰȻóԵġ
ǰһæԹԵͷ
°ͷȥ˿ռ䡣
ռ侫𣿡
һνռѹ죡
̫æʵڳ鲻㣬˼
ûϵռ侫ǲģ⹧ϲɹͼᡷеƷ1.5%ȡѩй׳10%25%ȡ
ĿǰܽΪ30.5%Ŭ
ˣͼϷװ飬Ҫô
ͼķװҳ棬һŴȡ²ûҵ㡣
װҪԭƣÿһͻ0.1%Ľȣͬ·10%װΪ15%£װЬӵȣ
ѸԺıˣÿܳһҲҪ
̫ˣ
¿̾һ
𼱣Ըݿռ䷢ϢӦ÷ֵٶȿĻͿ
ǿһҲͻʮ졣
ռ侫һ䣬ǻǹʺ
ȼԽߣԽѣһҪ̬
⻹˵
úͼ˿ռ䣬СĵСһ￴æΧ˹ȥ
裬ҪҺ͸ʲôóԵģ
סĴȻСӣɿɰ˵
Թ𣿡
Сһҡҡͷ
ǽͳɡ
ǰʱ򣬻˲ýһ֡
һˮˮʱ䣬ŴȥƤٷˮȥۡ
ˮŽȥһֶ̳ˮٹϵ¹ըܿζͳˡ
ſſŵСһˮ
裬ʲôʱѽ
Ĩ˰ǣеȲˡ
ϾͺãȻٸ㷬ѽպųԸ㡣
ը̳һԵ㿪ʼְѽ
ſԱ۶գĽţһˮ
ѽûѣֽܿˡ
裬ǿȥ̼һ𣿡
Ȼˡ
ЩϲôСȻ֪ˡ
öȥֲȣġ
ãȥˡ
ͳȥͼὫװҳѾ˷ֵȫȡó߿ʼͼ
ֱҹɫֽϵͼʱŷ±ʡ
һ·ȥͶ塣
վ򿪿ĵƣȥûóȥңս÷ҵžͿ϶˲ˣԼҺӱͿѾ׼
ˣһ԰ɡ
÷˵׼һ;߳
òã½ڵȻҪؼҳԷܶ
¹Ŀӣ
㣬ֱҼҳԲˡ
ˡǻȥԾС
߸÷½ھʹ˻ˣﻹһѶһ۾˲ɴ

ӻһһû¡
½ָǽȻִӿڴͳһϲ
Ĵ
ֿ˿ϵ÷ֱȵʣ
ôͻȻЩˣ
˽鶼У㲻ûС
½ڵͷѩϸЩʧ
սǿ˵ǳʶȤķ¶ˡ
¿ϵĴ̲סʵ
㡭û֥𣿡
ˣˡ
½ڱƽƺʲô¡
ŶԷɡ
ϾǰޣȻ浫Ҳʡ
֦ҲǹͿģҺõ㶼ô
뵽ԶСɽǼˣϵûϳɣȺ˿϶һ뵽Ϳʼꡣ
УҸʱϽ½ˣԺɾͲǰٰʮǮܶסθˡ

Ǽҡ
ȥ½Ҫ绰զ־ͻˣ
ݼҲιˣԺﲻͣⲽĸĹС
˵û½ڵĵ绰һ磬ˮ˲󻹲˶ٷǶûɿڡ
ǴɩΡ
ȥĶأ
ݿ˿տҲüʵ
裬ǲȥ𣿵ȻǸǼˡ
Ǵɩ䣬ݾͳ嵽ǰɿݵָͷϺݺݴ˼£
黹ҽ㣿֮ǰ˵˼͹ȥ绰ģǶûǸɶＦࣿҼϴôȢôһӶ治֪Ҫɶá
ǴɩίĿһԳĬԷŤһԿͣ
ʮأϣˡ㡭ȥҪϡҽҪǿҲˣȥǼҲҪǮ
Ǵɩ˶ˣʱѾƳ⣬Ҳˡ


56  ʾ֦   һ
裡裿
Ǵɩ, ڴ죬ҹУֲָ˵, ûӰ, ŵȶʼˡ
ɲôݶû˴Ӧ

ǰӸ¹ѩ, ⼸컹û, µıӻʵǣˮɱļﶳֱ
¹Χ, ˫ֲůͣܣԽԽ¡
, ȥҪвҽȥɡ챣֤ѼҪҽݰɡ
Ǵɩ˵˿ǻЩ̣ϾôķޣӶܴˣ黹еġ
裬þɣһ治ȫ
ͷ, ˭ĻҲȥۻ
ȥ
쿴
ϵϱĿ޺ҲЩ, ֻƽʱ̫, Ҳҷ, ۲Ĳ׵ſڳ̡
ճֱھӵĺԺ
, Ͻţϱ춳ˡ
Ƴתȥš˽һСʱǴɩݶĴ
ôϣǴ㶳
Ǵɩˣ̲סʼͬˡ
ûУǡǡ
֧˰죬Ҳûҵһʵɡ
ƲƲ죬ĸŨˡ
ޣҷϣϱס
Ͻ˴ȥɣѩ䣬˶ˡ
˵Լҡ
ǴɩսսĴŶ¸ݡ
һԼʮִܸˡ
ɶҵ𣿸ϽǮҴߣһ㶼뿴
Уǻˡ
֪ͷϣҲǴɩ˵ûסϽˡ
ֺһ䡣
ʮҪòҲˡ

֪Ϣʱǳ𾪡
ʱվھС̵ĵ绰Ը仨죬绰ͷĲм
ҵʱͰѼˣۼһǼɩƽ￴ôҲܶ˼ſһ춼Ъǰһ
ǺôɣԼϱôģ
ϺõԵһҪʡóȥˡ
ɶöҿ϶ѵ绰ǵġҳȥ˴˵̼ҵĺ뵱ǰæ
ƲƲ죬˼Ǯɣôôġ
裬ǼʲôģҾԲΪ½ڵġ
ţͺáǷһңΪָҡ
仨ĵȰ
ֲ֪಻ˡ
˱֤仨ŵĲŷ
ǼһҲͳôһõġ
Ҷϵ绰ֱ۳мˣȺ£Ҫϴʱ䲻Ҫǩ˶Ͼϵ֤ߡѰˣ
ݲŹ½ⲻеġ
ҲȷôģͲų½ˣ˻֪½ȥˡ
뵽ԼиݵĺӺʾϰࡣ͵һ֣а취ˣëǮǴɩǰҪʮѩȥ

һߵ²ǸɧⱲ˭Ѫ˭ƴ
պԼ档
Զ˷ܵĳ֣ԱߵĻҲЩ
вŹ꣬һ·ǻҪϰ࣬ȥȻûõ˫𣬵ΪǼްΣʲôĶ˲١
ǰͼȥʱ򣬳쵼ǰһʻְ
ĻԽԽµҲԽ͡
֣λҸ˵£֮ǰǼҲƳģֻ͵˶ѡ
߱ˣԴ±ҽһû߶Ҳį٣ȥҹ¼Σ飬Էû
ƲƻûҲǻã
ҵãҲǮ£ӢŮﻹ˸񣬲ửͲử£˭˵ʲôҪƭˣҷ˰쾢ǳǮɶҲû̵ܲ
ް£ĻЩΣȻƭ·ȷʵûͬ˽Է۳ȥģҪ׷¶ꡣ
뵽ͷðһ亹
ҽĻİְ֣УǼްĲ֪ҪȻԲõġѾˣܲܡôȥǮͷͬŵķһ㡣㿴𣿡
ԡ
·ƵģǮӦá
ǡһ´װƵôˣ
̽
¹һĨ΢Ц
˵ɣǰ϶¼ѩƴװЩˡ
Ļû׼ЩƳбĹӪЦ˵
úܣҪȥӪȵůů͡
һˣԣֻϧߵĹһֱûСע꣬ڹӪ»治֪
ĻҲռߣӢζأ˼ԾֻܳŴ
ڴĻ˵ףͬΪߣһ̸ɡ
ƿζӣֻζͷ
û㣬긺̵Ĵɩǽ˯Ժվ˸Ƿ
ǽϹŲ˵λɶ
£ȵ㣬ͣɶС
Ļ󷽵ؿڵ
ҾͲˣһһɡ
Ҹһ
Ļ˵תͷ
ɶ
ҡҡͷ
ƿˮС
ٶһƿ
Ļ²үɲܵˡ
ϣ
ɩȥڱ극󣬴һԵóƿ͹ȥ
¿ŵݹıζˮ͸ƿӡŰɫܣֿɰֻëһƿϣںҪ߰˿ġ
һ¶ǣζϣ˵ͦúȡ
ˣĻϽ˵
иǱˮģҪϲͷпζġ
ˣҲֻżһƿ
̸̸⣬ǣ̫Ķ
ǺãĻңֱгı˶ˡ
ǿɾ̫ллˡ
ɶˣȳ԰ɡ

һٷ˳ԱˣҲ̸ˡ
һô˵ˣ˵ķֳɣһʾһ쵼΢ȼ졣
ûϵʱԡ
Ǻãͷ
ͷ
ĻĿ뿪Űгŵķɿ죬żæŵȥ
һ쵼칫Ҿͽǩõĺͬŵϣ
Σˡ
ˣ
Ҳܼ϶ܻشЦ˵
ĻɵĲҲмϲҪ˵
ʲô£
·ˣ
˵Цֹס½Ҫˡ
ĻɵĲڳô꣬õľ㡣С鳤ȷʵЩίˣŬŬӰѾҲˡ
Ļһ֤
ΣģһṼ
ˣȥɡ
š
ڵĻɾʮ㣬һ뵽Ҫ40%ɣˡȥúú¸ô쵼˵
ڶ죬ͬλãĻһŷ⽻ϣȣʮ⡣
ǰҸµǶԲҲô࣬Ժ󶼰նı׼ɵ¡ͷûô״Ӧ
֪ǰҲûдٳͼС
ãϢ֪ͨ㡣
š
֪40%ǲܵġɱ۵˳Ҫһǳ׵ĸ߼ۣȻ١Ĺƣɡ
Ǯ׼ȥɹһٽأƷ㣬ǰûеƷֻǸҪõϡЄ̷ۡ
Ҫ塣
Є𣿡
С
ŽʣޣϽфͳ̷ǽλˡ
120

ŷʮŴŽݹȥ۾գġ
ۻԱ࿴ۡ
Զ֣һ֥ŷһ˿ʡǮǴ˭˭ửء
ɿ֣ĸ첲ȥǰк
£ǺɰȻ㡣
£
سҲ𣿲ܻ𣿸ﻹô飿
ӹò𣿡
´֥ò˵ҩãżͰİ͸졣
Ҳûʲô£кѡҩˣҲǮˡȻȲǺһҲ´ࡣ
֦ЦУļȴ¿һ
Ŷԭˡ
ǺǣûҲͼٿǮѣġ
½ŷڴ
ǺǣȷʵࡣûٿǮɻС
֦߬ڴһŴŽᣬƤЦⲻЦĵͷ
ǰٿǮɶ˺ӣַӾͻˣһ̷۶Ҫһٶء
۵ӣѸٵ飬ģյļƵģ
󣬲һٶѣǼƽʱ龫һҲúءϧû̷ۄȻȫ̷ۺȡ
ŶЄҪҪø㣿
ºȻյСʵ
ͣ
ʲôأҿԸ㻻˲ڸһŹҵô
֦ڴĴŽᣬеǮƱҪв˺Ǯѡ
ŵ֣üͷſڶû˵
ӣһٶǺƵġȥʣ˭̷֪ˡ龫ٶӪҲûߡֲǮﲻԼһ㡣
˵Ž̷ǰ˻Ρߴٵ
Ͻ򰡣ʣһˡ
̷֦ۣŴŽﻢ¡
ô֧µʱһ̷ȥˡ
áʣһޣˡ
һλֱӽǮƱԱ̷ֳ˳ȥȫ̲һӡ
ſյĹ̨֦˿һź̯̯֣
ֻܵ´Ρ
üۼǹɰ¹𴽽ס֣
û£ҿȥ龫
֦
Ļûء
û£ڻҲ򡣡
壬κ̷ۄֻһţ龫Ҳ
ǿȥ֦ۿֱһ龫Լֻɵɵվǡ
ִԼæ֣Ͷȥһ֣̾˿ǰ˵
ɩӣ˼ǵȥġ
֪ܵϣ֦Ľиôõţ춽㹤Ŭܶ˳Ծ˯ٲȻǮ֣˶ˡ
֦
ʣͬʱʮʲôζ
ڵ飬ᣡ
ȻҪæҾͲˣڼҵųԷأ˵ҽҪӸ˵ĲУϾͺһϡ϶ˡ´μ
¿ű齩ӲЦЦ֦ǽһġ
ûжԱȾû˺֦Ը֣⼸Ҫ̫ùˡ
һߣɫ֣ҲͦζġǺƢʵ
֦Ҫʲôɣ껹øϽȥء
֦ˣ
ŸճӾҪȥǼĹ𣿶ʱˣ
û˼
ʲô˼ҽҪȥ
õĵ֣񣬸ղǸŮǰôˣɶƾʲôǸŮ־͹֣ͲСԽԽѻԽԽ顣
һ뵽ԼδŶӣֻܽлȫ¡
֦ٿŤͷȥܣ֣̾˿󲻸˵ﳳ²Ҫسǡ
浹ùڳﱻ쵼ؼһñϱʲôʱǸͷ
һСʱؼҵĽûзԡ֦һ극ˡ
ԸȻһʣ
֦ϴˢɾĹư裬ʳ񣬺ݺһߵʢˮĴϡŤͷ֣
ֻЦţ
ޣá

ǮҲģһѶӹתȥ˼УĶǵزԼĶ
һȦЩģţǣɽҵȵȣŴŽˮһ˳ȥ
صҽ֮ǰ׼õǮƱ͸Ķһһȫĸ½ҡ
û취ȥֻܼЩ⡣
½ڻôһЩ
ˡ
ҸТģҲϱĲ̫ûˡˣԷɡ
İ˿عܹСѵϲ²ԣСƨ˯᲻ġ
һίؿ
衫
аְҲûãˡ
˵һݫ˿ˬں·
㲻پ˿عˡ
ϴһϮԤУҪˣæŹѺۡ
½ڻʱĸѾͷ˯ˡ
ЦһƱϴһһС

ֱۣˣǰƽһƬյȫӣľ߲˷ɵĵǣһƵľ屻һԵϡ
￴֡
ǰ޻һһ֦ȻˣȴǳʣƤûơ
ǰžડǿģϣ
ľѾˣӴһƬɫǱսĺۼ
ľĸȱҲҲ̶á
̡һɫڽڵӴһ£һɫľ


57  ȫԱ   һ
ռ䡭飿
Щȷĳһ
̡
ʼͣ˸, ʽӻѩһģһ
ʹı棬Ȼˡ
װġڲ⵼¿ռڲ𻵣˾ٻռ䡣Ϊ˲ʧ, ˾Ŵһݡδ, ռ侫008, ϣܹ⡣
ѷ, עǩգ
ϵͳߣ
±ƵʱǰȻһ, ߳˿ռ䡣
ΪԼʱŵ½ڣ½§, ˯еüͷţƣ
ڵӺòǺܺá
Լϵ´ûйؽ滹¶΢⣬ƿţֹϿ顣
ֱӱˡ
һƬĹԵ½ڶ˯ú졣ͷֱһ, ڲ賿ĵӡ
·˸˯ȥʱѾԵ½ں͹ˡ
æ, ֹһڿ¯ء
, Էְġ
ָ¯ϵƷ˵
Ѹϴ, ùд򿪣ŴŴСܲڰӡʳ÷úܲ˵ʦѾ˶ʮ, ൱졣
۵ĿԵĹһŲµΪʲôôŲμӸ߿
ռ䱬ըջأʧȥĽָڳռ䵼ʧȥһ겻ʱչ½ڹľԣϱӵĺܶྭ鶼û֮ء
ʱ⣬˫Ȳмûпռ䣬Ǿֻܰ˵ķƣҪǮǼҵϱŶ˽ȥһǧɣҪҪѧһʿ
뵽֦Źϵƶûһǻ˴ǮټǸŶӣӹÿ൱
ͷŹԹſϣССһֻĹ̾˿⺢ôôֶء
ãһжü
극˿ռ䣬ϽĸСӣռõĵطҲƽףǸƽԶ
ռ侫飬ռʲô±ը
ռǳãռ侫ÿ춼Բ鰲ȫƣȫԲõ⡣
ıըأǻΪʲô
Ϊ
ţ
¿֧֧ģƵĸˡ
ɫťź찡Ҫһ£
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ռ侫ҪKPIһռʮƽϣʮƽһƽԴơУռ侫ǿѡġ
ŶˣɵƳΪ߼󿴲ˣˡ
ЩͶߡ
һռﵽƽϱ˾ǿƽϵʱܶռ侫Ѿ˸飬Ϊܹڲܵ˺´ӦҲʧΪһ÷
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С̫ˣҩҲź˼͸о˲١

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סլ֯Ͽʹ˰æ֮ǰѩѹķ޺á
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ԶԴ֦ϡĲˣ档
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ԲĿһۣŤͷŹԺ棬֦ƲƲ˳ȥ
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»ʱԺѾָƽԼСණæǰæ
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Щɶɣ˳Ծ˯ٲҰͷô󡣡
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֦ǹһĨЦĺ﷢飬æϡ
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Ͽţſڡ
Էſڡ
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Աıˣ
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˶˽ȥСȻû˹ܡοùȥһĵĲС
Ϊܺӣμܡֵֵ֪췭ظСĸſſڿ޵á
һ֣֡
ֻȥûԸ⣬û취ֻܽӻԼңûͺڵĲС
ʦڼһãСڣһ߾ͷˡ
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һ첻ߣҾһ첻
ؿڲεִҶԸ˭˭ܵס
ڶ죬ʦԴӵ±СŸúúý
ʮ죬Դ¬˳
ĵһ¾ҹ¬ͻϼҡ
ˡ
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Դһ¬Ǵ֣Ϊ̰۽ֻꡣ
갡
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˵Ҫͻϼң
ǰɣ飬ͷѾͬˡλȥܲǵˡ
Ļδ˵꣬ҲŲµˡ
Էɡ

ڶ磬ոռĲ˿ʼΧõھȫ˸飬˻ỳɲ˵ԼֳԲ꣬ѵð⣬Ƕʵ˷ѡ
˼ȥȫȥ
װܲı֯װúܴ·Ȼȥ˹Ӽҡ
Ӵʱڼ￴ŵؽѷ֮ǰ߲ܲѾʣĲˣȥԼԡ

ӳ̾һʼͷֽȥôãҲ֪úòá
ӣӣ
ŹվΧǽ⳯Ժ󺰡
ܿű򿪣ӿ־ϲ
죬ʮأ㲻ڼ׼ɶ
½æҹ͵㶫
½֯ݵǰ
ããҼɶУ㻨ԡ
ӴץһѻĿڴ
ˣʵڳԲˣżҲ˷ѣ綼ءҲãԼҲã㿴Ŵɡ
Ӵһƣһ
ôࣿУУա
Ҫǲվ˰ɣĳԲ꣬ҲǷŻ
˵Ź־ߡ
æסЦ
ǸɶѽУˡ
ʱǮָǡ
˵ģǮҲҪҡ
һۿ˼
εĵͷůůġ
ǳɣæȥԡ
ԣȥˣʡ̯¡
һ
ôˣ
żûȥͳˣ
֦ˣ˵֪ɶʱһ𣬻֣ץ˸š
һĵ˵
治Ҫ
£
ӣⶼҥԣûһ֮ǰ԰ţ׵ĺܡ
֡һһõı鿴˵
˿ˣǰĴҹ֣ųȥײм˵ûܵӺͬʱ֣֦Դһ顣
Դˣôģ
ֱò
˭֪أ̧֦ͷ˰ɡ
һƶӣ¾ȥһϾԿηһָ䵭ˡ
ʱֲ֦иĵ⡣ͲⱲܲš
һĻûǰŤͷȥ֣ҡ
֣ϱڳ׼緹֦ȥ飬ϱЩա
һϣʵڱﲻסˣ
ÿУʮĲżңҲ֪ʲôġ
ǣǾֻԼ֪ˡ
ҪǮǮܣǵեһɶԼǮȻ֪ۡ취֦졣
ˣĲܺú˵
СѾʼ֣ˣ֦һŵ㶼ϱҪɶ
ͷݺһ
ϽȥϱһææͦС
ϴ϶֣Ȳվߡ
ܸоԼҴ綼ֻҪ˵ҪôֱӺӣҪôƫƫ֣ǿ׵ûƵġ
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˴Ÿ߲ԶͿ´Ź
ɩӣ֦
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֣࣬￩һ£ŵʣ
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ҥ˵𣿡
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֥һȣץ˼顣
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Ҹղſ֥Լſڣصعǡ
֣ͿˣϱʲôʱϵôˣȻ
ɩӣлл֦ġ
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׼ߡ
ҪȥץԵ·ûͱһ߿ˡ
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ԶıӰ˿
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ȥ֦ױˣץסִ֣ϴ϶ҶһԱྐྵӱֻʱʱٹѻ˼µĶڳһ롣
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ˣ۸ң첻㡭
֣˻ǵһμʶ֥սĺǿ

СӴ壬
仨緹ӳҿ첽ȥʮҲ֪ӶϱҪôǰĹȥĶûôҲûšֵǵġ
ֻдӳе绰ƽʱɶ¶ȥҽá
һǴº½ڵģӳϽͨԼĪʮӶŽӵ
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60  ߲   һ
绰ͷ仨û˵, ֱ̲סֺ
裿裿
ŶȷʵûʾҲˣֻܵȵȥʡ
, ҪҲ, Ҳϻ𡣡
, Ͻο
, ֪ˡ
Ҷϵ绰仨һֱ̹
صҿԺ½, ˾䣬
ǰȥʾ̸ĶʱǸ˵м
½ǷľãȻĿ, 
һ̵ģզˣǰ⣿
仨۵˵
ܸüĹĶûˣͷǮƱɶС
ɶǸϽȥҰ
½˵žҪܡ
仨Ͻס
ȥң˼ʾֶš
զ찡
զ죿ֻܵȳʾֿ˵ˡ

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㲻Ѿ𣿼Ȼʾֵ˵鵽ǩˣӦûġôȥ, п˭ô˰
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Уҿ¶˵ĲðɣϱѾʹԺҲڶܸɳµˡ
÷һ仰˵˵ϡ
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··𿴵ϱӵԼ¼˾ôԴġ
Ҿһһ
˾վڴ򷹵Ĵǰ֣ȵ˶ʱż˵
лλæˡΪǵսʿǾڵĽӣھͿʼɣ
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ȫڵģ골˳ԡҶ֪Ϊԭ˲̫Ҳ̫ˣԽ˶Щ
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Ŷԭǽͬ־͵İ
˾˸ƵģߵǰѸղò΢Ц˦˰졣
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֣ܾ˰ɡ
ûˡ
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ϱӺĿй߲˴ֲᵽҪů
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Сȥɣ¶ȡ
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С
ʲô˵ˣֺʲôû˵
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˾񳤵æ꣬׼¶вʱѾһ¢ˡ
˼Сһ൱̵⣬
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СԺԶ룬Ȼɻ
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šͦ͡ġ
˾񳤣
üͷһ壬Ҫ˵ʲôѾſͰˡ
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С˼µڻ˵أԵ˼Ҷ𣿡
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Сεĵͷ
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Ǻǣ
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ϡ

ʳ¶ſ±Ÿӽ˺۾̲סһֱǸ顣
¶֪֪ɶ
¶ҡҡͷ֪Ҳ˵֪Լʲôô˽϶û¾Ͷˡ
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Щȣ
û뵽Ȼӡ
㲻֪Ķء

ʮֵҹ̨¿Ĺš
÷˴ĸ첲С˵
վһŵĹǰ¬ϵرãÿλ׽ƵһƷҲ࣬զءĿɲ½ڣǼˣ
ָָŵ¶š


61  Ǯҽĺù   һ
¶˰Ը, ԺеĿܡ
÷̨ĹʱﾡǱģ
ʲôö
ҿδ, ӱƼ˻ҧ, ʵ˷ɱˡ
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÷ʱʱͷһۣǡζ¶˫ƽڵӣŵļֳػ˿˿, Զϱֵǰ㵭Ȼ
Ŀԣ룬Է
÷, ҡµĸ첲˵, 
Ϸ, Ϸˣ¶϶֪顣
ţĿģ
³ظ첲ԵĿʡ
, ƺðɣϷ϶˺ıһʡ
£

һֱҹڶһ첻˾񳤾ʹů͵ıֱ˵ء
ϵ¶ȵʮȣȰ컹Ҫ䡣һҹСѩȻ۵ĺȲߣ֨֨
ƿصһС¯Ѿˣڴﱣ²¶Ƚòࡣ
һţ˾񳤾ˡ컹յ˽ȫǶˮ飬Ҷʺ̣Ҷ⻹СˮΣʮˡ
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ˣˣ
СҶŤͷ˳ȥ
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һ飬һߴӦһæӴ·ʱҪʮϸ񣬼Ƕ죬ҲڼѸʰóš
զ˾񳤣
СŬδȫƿƤʵ
ˡˡ
˾񳤻Ǻܡ
ˣ
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ˣ
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ʳľôȥҲʲôҶȥʳóԷԽԽ͡
˾񳤲ûвҲû취ɸΪ֮
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һҳ
տռ侫ʾһҳ֮ͬǰͼƬȫƪ֡һֱΪǽʲôģûúÿ
һҳйĽܣΪĿǰռȼͣͣƷ٣Կռ侫һֱûĶ
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۾ȻɴӼһͷһ˵⻹ģ壿
벻ҪСǵĸ߿ƼƷŶ
ģ̳սʱƲķա
ſռ侫顣ռȼԽߣͿռ侫ӵеȨ޾Խ󣬿ռ侫齫ȫΪݻΪ
ռ侫ŵ·㶣Ժһʱ뵽ĲδǸըһƬǽĿռ䡣
̲ס˾䣬
ǲǾ͸ˣ
ռ侫Ĭ˼Ӻش
ǵģǿռ趨õĳ򡣡
趨õģ˭趨ģô˽ˣ
ºƣռϵͳƺûҪʲôͻȻЩô£
ܵռ侫̰ο
ģռ侫鼰˶ûκζ⡣ռ侫ʵǸϵͳҲ١
ţ
ôͻȻˣҪ£
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˿
ղ˵ռ侫ǸϵͳΪʲôҵĸ˲һ
˼˵ʲô
£
Уһ仰
ŶɫťдֺͶߣ

üܻġŬ½ڲϽȡա١

Ӻ
ڿռ侫Υ棬ѴСݽܳͷͷʱΪСʱڴڼռճӰʹã

£
Բ𣬿ռ侫飬ʧˣϣ㲻Ҫҡ

Ӷ
µһ꣬ҪŬ
ճռ䣬žͱ죬
££ڼ𣿡
˾񳤱űߺ
ˣԵȡ
Ѹٴȥš
˾񳤴ֽһ棬ɢ١
˾񳤣ʲô𣿡
µ˱Ȳǰ
°̫ˡ
ƨɸհӣ˾ּվ
Ϊ˵Ϸȥ˯ţص˸ȥ鿴ôţȫˣСҶ۵Ŷ
û̫ྪȣ¶ˮЧʶֹһΣҲ֮С
۾Ҳȱ߲˳ˡ
¸͵
ѽҽصع㣬ûȤʳϰࣿѳԷǸ˵أССţҶԸ֣һ30Ǯô
˾񳤽ŵĴ֣ĳ²ȱǮ֮ǰ˵·ͼ׬˺ܶǮ¡⹤˵ͣͼ׬ǮȲĿɲ١
·ĶⲻǴ˵еǮҽľ˾ȻǱȴǳദ
ûֱӵͷӦˣ
ɣʲôʱϰࣿ
Ӧˣ
˾񳤾üë˲չһЦ˻
Ҫ죿
ʵ޲ھȥ
ã졣

½ڻʱ½
ͦõģ˾˱ʵദ
ôû
Դϸ룬˾ǰһʼ⣬ȫЦеġ
Ժ֪ˣˣҪȥδĸ²ܻҪϼң
½ڹ۲ɫʵ
ΪʲôҪϼңҴŹȥ
⡣
γʱ䳤һ˴ŹףؼҵĻ軹ܰտ
סղŻ֧ȥʳϰءȴҷ˸ӡҸ˾˵ȥԷʲôȥʳѳԣˣˡʹ÷Ҵĸͬ꣬ҲҪȥܰæտҸǮҪʲôһҲǻˡ
½Ļͷ
С
Ҹ׼ֹѪۣǵߵʱϡ
ָָǽ߹ϵͷƿ
á
½ڿٷԵıְ֪࣬ҪԶˣһϲţ˵۾˲ͣ¡
һҳԸɣǽôˣûҳء
½ѵóͣͷԱƣɺá
²Ծֱ壬Ȼͬ˺ܾãмһֱŹûôĽӴ
ܵĽţ½ڹ𴽽ʮȻĽִϣ¸ˡ
һͰѲʰŴˣʺٸһ˯
µɴ۾ʶս§Źĸ첲
ҾСأ᲻ᡭ̫żˣ
Сˣˡ
ǡ
ô˵ˣϽ˯ɣ㻹Ҫϰء
ɡ
û˵꣬Ա˵۾Ѿˡ
ĵĬĬ̾˿ֲܻǵһμˣƽ̬ƽ̬

һͣ½ûüԾˡ
ƽҲˣƫƫ¾üÿյġ
ְˡ
Ҳ̫ġ
̾˿ţ
Ȼȥʳòã
ȥ档
²̫˼һֱ˼Ұæӣ֪Ը϶Ǯġ
Ȼ裬Ҹ㶫Щʳٹȥ
á
ɵӦһһſڳſڵİϿæµ
СʱһըͰ˿ȥ˹ҡ
겻ϰ࣬ڼ֯ë¡
ʲô
һʳСĿˮֱ
Ǵģлǰæܵ档
㣬̫ˡ
裬ԡ
϶ѾѾʼˡ
԰ɣ԰ɡ
½ӷǰСһΧ˹
лл̣һúÿŵܵܵģԲ۸
ؿڱ֤
ллѽˡ
ȥʳñ˸ֵ㣬˾񳤻ڴǰæӵݸԱߵĴ塣
˾񳤽Χȹһԡ
һϣ͵һȥءϽ߰ɣҲ֪˶ôˡ
˾񳤲ּֿ죬¸ںһ·Сܣʮӵ·Ӳһ롣
һ˾񳤾˷ܵڲ˵ﵽҴܣﻹߺţ
ˣˣв˳ˣ
վſڱεĿſڣ
˾񳤣иҪһ𣿡
˵˵ֻҪ漰ԭ⣬ҶԴӦ㡣
ھı񣬿ȥлһ¹죬ллԼôһλ
ӦòԭɣֻԺʲô˿ɲ
˵꣬˾Ӧˣ
˵һ㣬ȫֳҶ߲ˣ֮౥ǿߵ߲ҲҪ֣ҪΪԷһ
ףȥ죿
ҵȻȥֿ⣬ӶǶ
лл˾񳤡
㣬ɶһллҽ˴ء
ǰһƬⰻȻĲ˵أ˾ؿڵ³ˡ
һζͳԲɣ

һ죬󲿶ӽɢˣȻ뵽ЩİײˣܲҶʳõ˲ɢ١
ףɶʳ춼ǰײˣܲ鶼ߣȥһҲзԡ
׻ͷƳһû˵ȫʳñӸҲӿ˽Ųͼ߶ţ
ôͶ̥Ƶģ£
Ϊһʳõˣۼֱڴڱȥ
ɩӺá
װͦ磬Ҫʲô
ѿ
۾ֱĶỊ̃һֱΪԼʳֱǳѩԭʱ䲻˻ô塣
ŵӿʱ£뵽ղ׵ı֣۾
Сӣԭ֪Ļˣ
ɩӣҲ㡣
¿ǰķĺСм졣
á
ӿ̲סʣ
ɩӣ㲻˰ɣ
ûС
һ죬һס
ȻˣӰֵ֣һ
ίͰ͵˵
ǺǺǣԵ㡣
ӽӹĲһЦˣ
ɩӣá
š
ºӦš
ŷ׶棬Լ֮һĲˣ˲Nɪ
ѽҪ˵ɩӺأ򷹶ıȱ˶ࡣ
һЦ
ˣ
ţǼң
Nɪ
ųһʵġ
Ǹ̳ӹҪˡ
ӣ
յСˣ
죬·̬ȱˣһ飬Ǳ÷ǳò˵áţִ֮棬˵һġ¿ʼԼǲˡ
Ϊ˻
ɩӣʲôҪҰæ𣿡
ǰ£׷еĿʵ
ҲûʲôǿӺ̫ԾǲǵˣеĻҿԵǸΪӰ쵽½֮Ĺϵ
ҡҡͷ
ɩӣİɣ鲻ܷġӾ裬ͺˡ
𣿡
е㲻ţǺӿ񰡵ġ
ǵģɩӣҡ
ȥ̸
ã㣬Էɣһȥæˡ
صæ
ʱͻָ֮ǰӡ
Ȼ谡
ϽСݽһӱʾⲻ裬бѹӡ
˾Ŵҿᣬ⼸ĳɹֿʼ佱
һֵصĺñ£ǲ˵صĵڶҲˣ֮ǰֵܳˡ⼸ʳõķǳã顣˵һֱи⡣
ɻĿʣ
°ôֵĲˣôоŸǰֳζһ˸ĲҶӳ˳ˮֻ㣬ȫûɬζʲôⷽ𣿡
ûʲôˮɡ
´Ź
ӦòǣǰֵĲõҲǿھˮζ߲ͨˡ
˾һ˼ӣ㣬ݹ׼ʱȥôҪһˡ
Ҫһȥˮ
ðҿǲ㽽ˮַ⡣
á

ׯ
ӽԺĲ˶éݸǺúѩ˴Щʹ׼ȥϢʱű죬Ŵһĺ
ӣӣȾҶӡ


62  ܾ   һ
顱
űĵ, ӴҴҴ·š
һǰ˵λӡ۾Щ£
զǣҾ˭
Ҷӣء
޵˵, ֻð, ¯ǰһ߿һ˵, 
, ǲǸˣһҽôȵӰ
û, ǸˣܾҶӡ
סӵһ
, Щ˰ɡ
ӣ
ͻȻȥĳ嶯ԴҹΪˣ
̬˲΢ЦŰǿֵ
ˣ˼
ˣǡҶô죿ء
˵ŮֿʼĨᡣ
𼱱𼱣칩һˣ㵽ʱȥ϶
ļο
Ůҡҡͷ, 
˲У֡
Ϻǣˡ
Ҽû, ǴǱҵ, ʵڳԲóȥˡҲô, ʲô»ͷ˵ɣ
˵Ϳ͵̬
ҡ
߰ɣ߰ɣ, ɶ˵
ǿŲͷ˳ȥȻݵͷ˯űĵġ족
Ȼû뵽ǸŮ˾Ȼôһ춼
ӷʤʵû취ֻȥ°æ
ÿæ˵ص⣬Ҳʼ׼·ͼһûš
ڹӱƵĻˣʵû취ȥԡ
תͷ˹죬תʱʰ׼ϼء
ôһܾ
ƲƲЩš
˭֪أרȥǸŮˣڹӵĲ̯ǰϴ·ҲƭӣͦǮġͷվţҲ˵Ҳˡ쵽ͷɢŸƵģ˵·ˣ˿ȥˡ
һǸ̲ס˸顣
ڰɣΪһ˻˼⣿Ҫǹӹ綯ˡ
¾ŮԴе⡣
ֵû֣Ҳ֪ɶ˵ĳŮľ͸ûƵģҲаˡ
ǳģȥɡ
ȥӣװ˲ٽ˺ݫȻһȥ˰̯ĵط
гԽԽţҶԵ˰̯ͷһ˲䱻С̷ڵ
˵ľкüңȣĲʱˣۣܿÿ̯ǰΧ˲ٴСϱ
˹ӵġ
֪ŮϢ̫죬ǹӱ鿴̫׺ݣ֮·Ƕ˶ԾŵӿŲߵ̯̲סԹ
ӣҪˣֲֵɶǮ
ǣվһ絲˶ٹ˿ͣٶųԷأ˭ͷϣ
ߣ±Լôһˡ
Ь̯û˵ӾըˣŤͷָŮˣĭɣ
һôˣһ;͵ίұίм仹õñ˶£Ҳ𣿰ʴңŮˣ˵˶ٱߵĻˣ˵û˾ûˣôƨ°
ô
ôˣһ¹ӿ۸㡣
ߵָǸŮˣ
Ƶĸңٲ˺㡣
Ůֱӿˣ
Ҷ岻ã߲˱ҩãԡ㡣
ƨӻ˴뱲ͷһ˵˱ȳҩãǺǣڻвв
ģ˵Ķġ
Ů˳વĨᡣ
ʱкǰ˵
ȷʵвҲòᣬ̱ڴϺҩ
ھӣû˵ѣҪв˾ɣһŮ˼Ҳס
һЩĹһ⻰֧
Ҷ˵˰ٱˣûвˣûвˣûвˣǶˣ۾Ϲˣôû˿ң
ίΪŮѾüûˡ
ǮĲҶҪˡ
Ů˴ӿڴͳǮ
˵˲㣬ûˣ
˾ôţ߹ĴкȻŮ˵
ΪˣǲҸġ
˵ŽӵݵǰŮǰһǮǿ
ȫˣǮĻٻؼá
ҲҪǮֻǺӵĲʲôϵҼҾͰѲ˸㡣
иԼĲ²⣬Ŀǰȷ
⡭
ŮԥԱǰ˵ļλھӼˣ
˼ϽӦɣСڼҵŲء
˵С²ˣϽλӸȥôԿڲˡ

Ůԥ
΢΢һЦŤͷߡ
Ҵȥ߱Ҽҿ顣
˼յ¶С˵


63     ֱ
²˵, ֱĶ͸ŻްĹ⡣
˼Щ飬뵽˵
, ûбĻ˼, ֻǡֻȶӡ
ҪһǸɩȥ
˼˳߿˹, Ůʶ, ĸ¡
ԥˡ
ȥҾͲȥܶû˷ѡ
˵ŤͷҪ, ˼Ͻ
У, ӣǸϽ߰ɣҶһڼҲ̫ġ
š
»ͷ֣˸ź˼һ·ȥ˫źͬͬһĵطķȫǶС¥סĴ඼سǵĸɲԼ󹤳쵼ǡ
Σ֪, Ľ߷ŵ˼ش˴ӴܿҾ⣬Ҳʲôرĵط
, Ҽҡ
˼ͣڿһС¥, һҩζǿ, ǺĹ̲ס˸磬
ҩζҲ̫ˡ
˼е㲻˼Ŀǣ
Ҷ벻ҩ, ԡ
⡣ʲô
Ŭʵ
˵
˼վһȽȻϴŲſ˵
Ƿ졣
ɶ죡
ɴ۾˺ü䱸־ֵ˵
ⲡûΣһᴫȾ˵ˡⲻǺ𣿡
ͷҪǱȾǿɾֻ·һˡ
ȿȿȡ
һҵĿ¥ϰ뿪Ĵﴫ
˼̧ͷۣʶҪ¥ܣ뵽ԵջĽŲ
ӣܸһȥ𣿡
ǿǷ죬˵Ⱦˡ
æקĸ첲ҡҡͷ
Ǵ治ᴫȾģɩӣŰɣȥ
Сĵ㡣
첻ԼԾɲҿ
Խ¥ҩζԽŨ֪ǲԼı飬¾Ȼŵ˵Ѫζ
ӿѪȵĺ
ʵ
ǣ˵ԽԽˣء
˼ߵ¥ſѸٽɣȻŽ롣
ϵѾݳһѹͷ¶һͷıиš
߽ϵкͲԼĪʮ˾ӣ˫հݣɫ԰ף
ȷҵܺã
Щţ˳ɵҲδؾȵûɡ
ܣܺã
˼϶˵
ԴӳЩˣѪˣҴȥҽԺ飬ҽҲ˵Ĳ˲١ӣ㣬߲ҰɣǮԡ
˼˵ϥ׼¡
һæ
ˣҪϼңʲôʱ̫ȷʡŵԡӵĲһٿ
ǲҪǳô죿ҶӵĲ鲻ܵȰ
˼קסЩ
Ӷϲ˶Ҳû񻯣㻹ʲôҲβġ
ºĴеĻ롣
ҡ
ˡ
˵곯ȥ
𣬴ӣӡ
ĺµĲߵԽԽ졣һ¥³Źߣ˼ŶӻڿԱû׷תͷȥ˳
߳ͬ²ŰѸղŵһˣ
ô˵ӵǲðҪԺǱŵɣһǺиô죿
ʵҾ뿴Щǲô档
ûĵ˵Ķͷ
ĺ֪֪ˣͱˣȥ˸ҵûȷӵĲǲĲй֮ǰɲȥ
ãġ

СӴ塣
仨½ϼҴҳ峯ŸǼׯȥ
仨ȥĶ
ھӿųͷմӵ鲻̲סʵ
仨ɫ£һĨЦ
ȥ׼Ƕš
ŶǸϽȥɣҲˡ
ˡ
һתɫ
ǼʱǼҴŻûһŨζŷ˳仨һڣ̧֡顱
˭ѽ
ݵԺﴫ˳
һŲű򿪣仨ĸһ˿ڣָܿ
׼ĸһǼɶ𣿡
ǽȥ˵ɣȷʵ㡣
˵̧Ⱦߣݵǰǲ·
еңҪʰʰ
׼ĸǰǵˣ
ݷʡ
Ȼˣⲻ°ǵҼ¸½һԺǿһζûͷһǿɲúú׼׼
˵ݵĻ͸
仨Ļ𲻽ִ˼֡ӾȻҹҪǼԼŮģֵĵز
ǣҲǼҵĲǲӵˡ
֮ĻҩζݶŲýķζԽƮԽԶʱ·ھӵ٩һ䣬
ϣʲôöҴζԼҵķԲȥˡ
㣬ǰ˸͵ģǲֵǮĶ
ЦŴ
ƲƲ죬
ͷ˵ⲻֵǮģ
һһ仨ȷ¼ĹİǱˡ
ݺ˵յ͵Ľƿһһ߳½Ϻ
ϴȥЩɶĿ϶ͷһʣ¡
ڳʢǴɩͻȻ仨һûӦأʳͱ˵ľ⡣
ŵĸָɻ仨۶ˡ
ɶҼҵĶ
ǴɩӦѸٽ£ת˹仨ڻݺݳСһš
ϡһǴɩ嵹һԣŵϽķסˮײûˤ
˰ˣˣţ
ݴʱҲһţϵŹʣǰųԷ½ͻȻȥһֲ
Ķŵʵ½վſɨһȦӲûġʱǼҸҲӦ˹ǰ棬
˭ҼҸɶ
һ˵һӣ˫ȭ״Ŀ
ʱ½Ͻ߷ĴľϣͷһЩ߰ĶŶżƲĹҵҲװŶ
Ӳʱ⴫Ǵɩ˵
ɫ䣬ϵҲվڹǰʶĶ½Ͽ϶Լ뷨
һУ
仨ϲľȻҼﲻ㡣
ޣҪҪҼ϶ĵģôͳĶˣ㡣
ʲô϶ĵģǰϷֱдҼµ֡
º˫Ĭ3룬仨ĸƴǣ
Ȼ͵˶ϴ󣬰ѶϲҸﶯ֣֪˭𣿡
ֺ½ֱߵĵ˳ȥ
顱һ˸Ŀ⣬½ϳû˹ȥ


64  Т   һ
һʱûײһ, ʱ½ϲſÿӶ
ӦŤһֱӳ˹Ž
˴ĶǳǱݺ仨ˣͷ, ·Ͱ, Ŀӻö
, ָǴɩ, 
ûõﰤֶһ, ֶϱȢɶã֪԰׷
ǴɩЩί
裬ҡⲻǴ򲻹
򲻹򲻹վһԿﰤϴ, ϽˣٸȢһ
ָݺݵ˵
Ǵɩɫ˲԰ף촽һ
衭
ңҿɲ衣ϴ󣬵ȻͰͻȥʡķ
һԵ仨һ, 
ǲˣͷȻڸ⽨˼һףſڱտھ, ⲻǾĶ
˵ֿǴɩ
, , ȥٱù
仨ûǰɣӳ, ɵΪ㿴ӶţҼԺҲˣߥҶϱٱҡ˸ɵ¶𣿡
һŴֺֿ
Ǹأְ
²Ⱥ˹ŵϵһ˿⡣
£ôˣ
仨ϲĿ
Ͻĵ绰Ҿ͸ϽʰҸϣһǳ嶯ǰ˵İٿǮأ½ǵ㲹ܺü²Ź裬һ˵ˣô°
㡭
仨ҪھͱݵĿߴˣ
°ίѽǰ̴˵ĥŸ￪磬Ž˵ҵģءûô۸˵ġ
ޣѪˣݣղſ׿ڳ˶ġ
仨˹ȥ˺κקġ
ûУ˵°øѽ
һҧǲϡ
µͷһǳӣ
裬ʱ˵⣬Ǹֵĵģǡ½ڸĵһҲУѶóǶԶԡ
˵Ŵӻͳһֽչң
ǼĵƷ嵥ûżҵĶȶһ¾֪ˡ
˵
ⶼ೤ʱˣˡ
ǻһ취ֱȥʾʡ
ȥȥҪõģһӱǮʮ飡
ݰͷʮеָ˵
ƾɶҪǮ
仨ˡ
ƾҼҴˣǮ⣬ȻҾȥɳ١
Խ˵Խ
裬ˣֳҪǵȻǸɵģŸҴǲǡ
ѵ
ߣ飬飬ǼӰб
ǳɣ߰ɡ
˵תӳ
鷳ӳһȥ֤ʡõʱ˫ֳһš
ӳͷ
ɣҸһȥ
һȺŴţƺƵĽ˳ǣֱʾ֡
ʾȡ˱಻٣ӵĴһӿôˣ˲վ
ȡģ
ŵС߹ʡ
ǣ淳һ¡
˵
һ⻰Nɪˣ
ҶҵĹŮʾϰ࣬гϢˡ
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淺ܿˣһЩͷĳ˵
ҸʲôûжæлϽ˵
¿λԶЦ
㣬𼱣Ҿʵ¡
ʣҿɲǹģǱ߲иѯʲôС
˵ת׼뿪
˵
ǹҴƳǼİ£¶ֻб
深齩£Ѹٷϵ
İô֪ȥұʰɡ
ǳɣֱǾͶȥٿǮİʾŪˣôҲøҸ˵ɡҪǲǮңŪҰҳ¶ûꡣ
˵ֿ½ϣ
鷳ȥɳһ˱ʧƷļ۸ôߣһץôҲʮΰɡ
ۿɼĻһ£ʶݣԾɲΪЦš
üͷ΢壬ӷת취
ܿ쾭ʹ˹ˣ½֤
ȥʾֿģƷӣһ°ɡ
ӹϸţ˰վԱߣ淵ͷͷ亹ˡ
ֻüͷԽԽӺ˵˾䣬
Ҫɡ
ôǮܲɡ
淽ŵĴ½ǣбۿݣɺ޷Ӧ
ѾȥɳˣϾ͵˭ȥĻͷ
ָĿһ淡
ͷԴȥҲ¼ߣºһǰս˵
֪ģҲ֪һĹסᱻץȥӴϱĨ۵㣬Ժɾˡ
淲԰׵˵
ҪԸ˵˭ôɵģҿǾ˵һЩĺûұ֤׷⡣
ǡ
һлأԥľ;ͽˣⲢģԵ
Բԣװ½׽Ȼƭȡȡ߰Ķ𣿡
һ£ȻѸٵͷ
ǣƭҵġ
ţȻ֪ô˵˰ɣ
֪
תȥңô֪ͽСֻԱ
ԼʮӺ󣬹Լµڻ
ɫĵ淣
淣ĺ£Ͻʵȡ
ԩƭôġ
ָһŵô˵ֱˣʶ
ʲôʱƭˣⲻԸ𣿡
磬ôأ
һŵĿ᲻ҪǮƵµ
˵ǰӼĸǵģҵʱ˵֤ȡ˵Уֻҿһ۾Ŷˣں溰ü㶼ûӦŻͷҪҲһ˭֪һֱѲϸңû뵽û뵽ԭȫƭҵġ
ɴ۾˱һ仰˵ݷӦ죬
淣Ϲ˵ɶأҶɶʱȡ϶ǼǴˣǰûϣġ
ã㲻ΪӾͰҸѽġ
ʲôǰˣѹûе£ƽ˻ˣ
ǿˣѾͷףҲ֪ղǮ˵ɶ仰ųޣҲǸûϢġ
ã㡭Ұ㵱׹ãѴ統׸磬ǡôΪһͰƳǹأء
ݣ
ûüȿأίˡ
һ˾Ȼɳ飬Ƕˡ
ǣ˻ϣƵһŮ˼ϣޡ
̫Ƕˣô۸˵ġ
ͬ־Ͻץ˾Ǹ

Χͬ۷׷׵ŵһķˣֻҪĴķ㱣סˡ
ɫԽԽѿڡվ׺ݵĵ淣˫ֽճȭͷһ˵ŵˡ
ͬ־ǿɵñң羭ˣӣû֮ǰûٰҴĴ򡣡
¿Цŵͷ˳һѻ
Ҫ֪Ҹˡ
ɶʱˣ£ѻ˵
ָв
Ҳѧ淵Ѹ˵ͬ־
ͬ־Ѹǰס첲ŵæ衣
裬Ұ߹ͬ־õģõġ
˲˵Ŀⶼݡ
仨Цһ
ᣬĸɶöҶϱǰĶʲôӡ
ҡûá˽ˣҶûʲӰǼңǰȥʱ򿴵⣬кüģһͲسǵĻ϶õġ
ɫְ˼֣
ãôأڶ֤ȷˣʲô˼
֤ݣʲô֤ݣզûأȫ̾һϹˡ
ôһѣͻȻǰĻ⣬û֤֤õġ
ʶ£ֻ䴽ǣûд㿪ڰԼˡ
ô˵ˣû˵˰ɣ
ΪץİѱͨһϻֱſϿ񴸵棬һҪӿʼ޺
ѽѽûˣôͷһ͵ûˡ
裬˼˵Ҹ磬㡣Ҹôˣʲô¶氡˼Ƕȥˡ
˵ֿ
磬õ˵㣬һ˻ʲôģ㲻ҿۣϽ˷ɡ
˵ɶûã
ûվߡ
úúãûãȰһſôĵ϶尡
ǣĵºֻԼԱȣ˲˵˼ƫ
ǲ˰Ͻϰɡ
Ǿǣ˼һ㱳ڹ
ͬǸǺģôͳôһࡣ
趼ܣТ

챿ڵû춼˵ˣһԵĴӳ޲ýͷڵﰵԺ֪Ͳˡ
ۿԽԽңϽļ
Ͻʲô
˶ʾˡ
ݷǵ֣һӴӳ;˲䰲ˡ˳˵ϡûϣ
ͬ־淵ѣ˵Ķ滰
ûƭˡ
ó֤ûƭӡ
Ǹˣץ㲻ţ뽩֡
ֿ˵
ǲȥѰɣͷʳףһ£ӦòԵôɾҶһ²֪˭ɵˡ
˻һ˺Ƶ˲䰲ȫŵĿ
Ǿң
˵
裬ģǹͬ־˺üأһѡ
ݣ
ͻȻеŮˣܾûԼ˵ƫƫʲôӲҪ»Ե顣
һؿڣмŤ
裬ʲô鰡Ҵõİɣ
Ȼǣôˡ
ţҲôãǾùͬ־һ°ɣҲûҴһס
ЦԽᡣ
Уѡ
׻ˡ
磬ҪܲΪ淼仰ͱץȥɣͬ־߰ɡ
á
˱·½ϴŹȥң¸ʣ¼һǼҡ
·ϣݲ۾ֻۣЦЦ
Ǿô米ɣǸТأ
۶ӣ˵ʲôҲϣôʹ˰ˡ
ڴ˲ӵΧۣӳ޲סǰ˶ɾˡ
զˣզݼˣ
զ϶¡ӳɫ͵øƵġ
ǲǼϴץˣԴͦ͸ķġ
⻰ܳ˺㡣

лϴӳԽԽˣͷҲԽԽˡ
ǻѽ


65  Ͼϵ   һ
ӳڶ, һȥ͸ϽŹϣ̽ߺ˿
Ǽҵݵϵ, Ǵɩⳡ˲סˡñһǰ, ȿʼԾĴŶ¡
ͬ־, ͵ĶǸ, г
仨ָǸľ
˵ɶɶʱ͵Ƕˣ˵Ѿ, Ϊ˭
ݵڹǰӿĴӳ޲Ťͷߡ
ˣ̫ˣ
, ѹӴ򿪰ɣҪȻҸ͵ȥˡ
һ⻰˲伤ˣҴߴٿţʲô˭һ󣬺µĿݣ
裡
ԼҶӿһʱû˰취
Ҫûö͸ϽѹŴ򿪣ǿ, Բץˡ
ͬ־һ˵
裡
ˡ
ѹӴùͬ־˼Ҵһ˲, ⵢʱ䡣
ӳȰ
ǰ, , ٲɾǷˡ
ʱһѻ
졣
һպ޵ָ
ǿ, Ѿͷͷβ˻Ͻ;û˵һ仰ǸǮ׸綼ˣΪ˵ƶǺġ֪ڳɸǣһ͸ðӵɽιǡ
¹״
裬ǲŮ𣿡
ʲôãһëǮɨǣ֪鷳ʲôã
ݼ
裬ҲģͲҸһ𣿡
˫ĿȻĿһŽһ¡
ܸ𡭡
û˵ͱ仨ˣ
ȷʵûñȣӸƵģһ¾衣ٿŮֶܸɣݣҪǲҪŮҿɾˡ
㻹˵Ǯû˳ǼôĹŮҪ˵ǸǮһëǮûޣˡ
裬вǮֻǮǡ
ǲ㡣
Ǯ٣Ͻù
˾񣬸ϽܵǰקҪ
·ץס󣬽ϵһԣȻڴԿ׵ݸһվŵĹ
ͬ־Ͻɡ
ݿųȥĹɫ䣬˦˦ץŵֻ֣ͼȥ
ЦŴս˵
裬οְĺöͽȥˡ
žડһ򿪣ûĸ㣬ûزȵһһ˳ټϳѵ󲿷ֶõĵӶˡ
һ˵ϣĿݣ
裬ȾңҲΣҲȥ͸ġ
磬ܾĿɲ衣
ֻٴҲˡ
ӣҡ
ͬ־ǻȥôˣҲһº⳥⡣
⳥⳥ɶ
ݱҪξѾܾˣҪ⳥ɴҪˡ
ȻǶˣݣãǸ⻹ǵ⡣
ڿüˡ
ӳ̾һȺźתԼң˵ʲôҲˡ
صϵɳʱȫˣһ˹
ãϽͬ־һ£ⶫɶ͵ģҼûϵ
뵽ԼסĴӣ޵ҪҵҲҪƵģ
ôûϵ淵⣬Ҫֵֵ̰ز𣿡
һſְ˸ɾ
ǰһ˵
ͬ־淵⣬ߥҵģҪȻôô˳õ
ƨҵǼôɵġ
Ļ
סˣҪһɡ
ͬ־̹ףʲô˵ⶼĸӵ⡭
ţûӸýľͶˡ
̫̰ĺҶӣֻ͸öмꡣ
˺üڡ
Ĳˡ
¼ʱ㿪ʼ
裬ͷдżҵĵַŵ֣ұʶǰɣ
˲䰲˼Ŀ£
ֶŮ˵ö԰
һŮɲǺġ
ϾҷˣԶҲһɡ
ӽ仨
裬¶ǽɣҲ̫ùܡ
仨֪Ĺ˼ɣǰһӣ
ҲǶҪƱǮжʮǮˡ
壿仨զȥأ
ݵһ
˸䣬
Ǯ
ÿپͳ٣ԼֻҪ󽻵ǮС
仨Ųȥҵ¡
Ҳ飬ûС
ݹŲӣһηӡ
öҲУҿǼгֱҲֲܵ١
½һԲ˾䡣
УֲǼõģƾɶҼҳôࣿ
淵¬Сµ
ͬ־˵ô죿
½ӸһԵĹ
ǼõĶͳͷٿǮõĶٳСͷʮǮûֽö֣Ϊڶӱϸ󡣡
˻һһͷһˡ
̱ڵֱ߲źµĺ
裬裬ȾҰҲΡ
淵ƽĶࡣ
ݸûӾѹ۵ĵһ¾Ҷӣ
Ҵȥˣжû֪ء
ֽ
⻰վֱȥ
°ɵþȾ磬Ǳߥ޵ģǹҪǶ
裬㻹ȰǮ˵ɣŸ绹ء
һ뵽300ǮΣ뵽ӻ棬ֻǿԼѣݳɸɲ˫ֽץµҲ˲٣
°ȥŻ½˵˵ܲԭ磬Ͻ˼ҷôᣬʣҲôСܽȥ
ȰǮûõǮô˵أ裬±Ĳԡ
ǮǮǮֻ֪ǮôǮܸ
ɿһĴĶͷ˵
Ǯ½ģһëûСҪǲǮضûУ˵һ͵ֻĵطϣҸӹܰѽ
һͬĿһؿڣµ
УȥҾ͸
ǳɣǻȥǮɡ
˻صǼңݲ鲻Ըͳ300Ǯ仨˻ӲһĨЦ
׼ңǮúãǵĲԣ鷳ǱƽˣҼһĹµĻᣬ㿴զ
仨ЦЦ
զӽҶҲģǰôỹˣҷŹŶûСߣϴǻؼȥ
˵ͷص뿪ˡ
İͷվЦһ
ЦʲôЦȥôˣǸǡ
裬㲻ȴˣ
üʵ
զ룬ǿġ
ﻹôףҿˣҵˮǡ
˵Ǽ𾪵¡
Ǵɩ˰Σ
裬զ
ɶܾϴСϽȥˮټӵǡ
Ŷϡ

ǰ˿ˮ
ҾǲУǵðǩˡ
˵ӻͳһֽдȫ֣˿һãȻ
ɶ
Ͼϵ顣
ɶУܶϡ
ϵһԡ
ԲϣǾȥ͸İɣʮҲͻˡ
磬ô𣿡
ϵһʹĿ
аҵÿԼǩǩʱɲ̫
㡭
£ǳӲˣ趼ҲŲȥߺһ˶Ŀ
в
԰ȥɣʱ
̯һν˵
йϵҲ˵ֽ˭û
ǩǰɣɣһȥˡҸߵǼǵȥȻټɾ͵ʮԺˡ
˵ҪվҪߡ
Ǵɩæſڣ
֣裬빷ʣǾǩ˰ɡ
ݵҧ˵
ɣǩھǩ
ŶˣǩǵȥǸ±һ£ӡҪȫһ㣬ҿɲԺ˴ǡ
һ
»±˴ǣ
裬õ㣬Ȼʱѱͽȥ
Цев
˲졣
ߴӳճһ룬ͱϢİϡʲȥǼ˵ɵһ
ǡٺú룬²ȫϰ
ɶģҪɥǣҼϴȥΣ˼Ҵʦ˵ֻҪϳžǼҵĻҼϴܻ
ݽϾϣŴӳ¡
ӳüͷֱ壬ôûô׵¡
Ǽϴεÿͬ־ôУʲôʦûаëǮĹϵ϶Ǳƭˡ⺢ӴСථ£ڶϾϵԺ϶ڡ
ѽϽ°ɣǻŽϴأĺܣϴ϶̹
ӳ̾һֿϵ׼ھԷ˵
ǰɣǰɣʦġ
ӳ
ĸƨʦ˵ģͷ̯Ӳɡ
ֿ۵£ͬ
°ҪȻżңȰȰ衣
ҡҡͷʵ
ӳ˰ɣ֪Ǻģ㿴ҰӣءһҸܻأǸʦ˵
һνĴʦ˲
ʦʦʲôƨʦȫڳƳ⽨ţ˵˭ٱȥ
һҡҡͷ
ʦø˵
ӳ˰ɣֻҪҸôŶС
˵
һƣָһƿڴ
޿޿ޣ֪ޣҸûأ޲
ּϸʮ̶ִӳĲͷ־̫ˣһ嶯ֿЩ
ž
¸Ǻˣ
ˣ
ӳֽǺɫе㶶һԵǼ˳ϵ鸴һЩ˶ܿģĸˡ
£Ժɶ¾ңܰҾƴǡ
ӳһεĿ
µͷ޵ĸˡ
ЦǧЦ
죬ȥҶӡ
ݽֽܡ
ճͱ˦ֻ֣ԷһĮĿ
˵ɣϵҿûˡ
ȫû뵽ôͷˣ
㡭ô˵õġ
֪û˵ⲻǶûԶûǮʵûӡ
±˵Ŀڴ
裬ЩҺ㲻ٰɡ
ûУһëǮûС
ݽסڴҡͷ˵
Ŷͻȥˣҿûʱȥˡ
£ƭңҾͰѽϵȫ˵ȥ
ȥɣٶ౻мĻ
±Ŀ˿ûǵв
ҭסҧгݵĿ˵
ʮǮûС
ͣԭӾֵʮ鰡Լɡ
˵Ťͷߡ


66  ̱   һ
Ҫ٣
ݸϽ׷ȥʡ
ĬĬЩ˵, ָ
ʮ
٣Ҽ޹ȥû¾ͿʼǮôٿ鲻ࡣ
»ָͷ˵
ʲôʱǮˣôһëû
е¡
Ǿ͵ȥҴɩǣˣȻȥˡ
»ɵĳСӴȥ, ӵĶҪһ롣
·¼ſʱ, һʶŮ˱ſ, ͷ, ݣ˻˼۶û˵
»ص½, ˸仨æȥ
͵, ȥʢ
˷ʢ඼ǰĶ
仨߳Ա
죬Ź˶೤ʱʣôˣҲ͵Ļġˡ
ˣ»أ˵ˡ
½ϵ˼, ﲻЦЦֱӽϾϵ֤ŵϣ
ҸǼѾϾϵ, , ӴԺûκϵ
½˳һ, 仨ȷӦο
ûû£ϾͶϾ, ԺҵŮ½СҪ۸㿴Ҳȡ
ԶԶԣҸһ
½ϵҲϽ˵
һٷԵֱ֣ҹŽ
ڶһ磬ݾʹǮͱ׵Ǵɩš
仨ûĿ
飿ǼǺģΪ˶ӰѹŮϳŶϾϵҶϱָĸ
֨֨ذһ䷴Ļû˵̫ԩˣѾͷġ
˼ʮͷһγп˵ζ
ӣҸǮġ
Ǯɡ
һֻֽǮһֻԾεذŴš
Ǯܸ㣬ѾͷгҸ
סڴԴڳ¡
Ժϴ˹
ôǮˣ裬ǽɡ
ϡǱӡ
仨óһ·
һݣ۵ĽǮ
Ǯҿɸˣȥ硣
תٿǮ仨
裬ТŰɡ
仨ȻҪѸû꣬ԱߵһĶûˡ
ɶ»˵ɣͷһҹڿ϶Բǿȥӻ
á
תȥ½ϣһϼƴ극ȥ
һٷĥĥһͷݼӣѾͷԹġ

ɳһ£쳣ң
裬ϽҰҲȥ͸ġ
ŲŹһϾĶӣ۵Ҫ
ġ
߬סԱµֽĴߴٵ
죬ͬ־˵˵ǸϽˣʵ̫ˡ
ɣͷЪŰɣһͻ
´Ӧʹ졣
Ҳѵù˳һΣڵһֱĶ뿪ıӰ
ԼСʱ˳¸˵֣
裬Ҹ°ˡ
ݺǴɩæվĿʵ
ģʲôʱߡ
ھС
أôû
ݳʹͷк
Ҹڲߣù졣
ʲô˼
һ˿õԤС
ҵ˼˵ʮΣСᱻȥ͸ģȥҲ̫ʱǿ
ЦЦ˻ë
㡭׸ѽѾͷôôġ
ֿ
½ǰһѽק˵
Ҫصʱ٣ǿٸͬ־ǽ
Ŀ޺Ȼֹݸŭԡ

ڴ׼ջȥʱ仨żæŵܹһϢ
̱ˡ
ɶ̱ˣ
Щ㵣ϱӱʱ仹廹ҪӲʵⱲӾȻ̱˵³
ô£ǰúõġ
仨ս˵
˵ǺôɵģоҪ͵͸ģ˵һȫȥˡԲס˵鲻һֱŲôһƺϣ˵ʱͶˡҽԺһ̱ˡѽ
µͷû˵仨ſ˵ʲôû˵ڣƵļ
Ъȥ

ҽԺǼΧڲǰƲҵ
壬ܲܰˣŵζԡ
Ŷúá
ϵǸ˵ģΨŮǰҺ䡣
̴ȥǴɩƳһۡ
ٻͷб˵ʱһ⡣

ݵָ΢΢κôҲ᲻
Ա߿Լ˵Ĵ㿴ĳ˵˾䣬
ӣ㿴ǲҪˮ
Ǵɩһɨղŵ̧ͷЦһ£
ãȥˮ
˵ſһԵĹʣ
⿴̣ȥӵˮͻ
ʣɵĵͷ췢ôŵò壬˹˲١
Ǵɩ´ɸ뿪󣬴ϵݺͣҲ֨֨ͣ
ԱߴϵĴŤͷο
ӣϱȥ㵹ˮˣԵһϾͻ
ʣҲֱ˵
̣ȥˮˣż
ŵǴɩǳݸͲˮ޹ôû˱˽š
ϵ¥ݿ̴û𣬿˾䣬
ȥģ
Ҫˮ
ǴɩĮĻ˾䡣
Ŷ
ϵ鲻ñûٶ˵ʲôڼȫÿϱҵ
˼¥ݣǴɩͻȻͷ
֣ﻹжǮ
ɶ
ϵĿ
֣ӵûǮأ㲻Ǯ
Ǵɩת
ô꣬ҸֵǮɶˡ
ǮˣҲ֪ġ
ŶھͻؼҰɣҽԺһӶûǮûǮɴˡ
˵Ŵزȥ
ϵæվס
ţҽ˵˵ù۲죬ҪȻΣա
ûǮ۲졣
Ǵɩֱ˫һ̯һʲôܵӡ
ҡһһ㣬ȥ˰ɡ
˵ŴӿڴͳʮǮݸ
Ǵɩû˵Ǯˡ
ٻʱѾˣһ죬ʣһ˹ȥסʼޣ
裬ȥˣҿˡء
ͷοţ
ȥҽ̸̸̲飬Ե˵ʱ䡣
˻һԭʮֲϵҲû˻˵ֻ˾䣬
ҽզ˵еľû
ҽ˵ΣҪǮǰ׼á
ϵĬ˰κ˵
ǮȥˣĻа˰ɡ
֣ۼûУаǩ˶Ͼϵ֤ǻгϵѪԵϵȥҪҪǲ۾֣ٲоͰӵſڣҲܡ
ϵԥ˺һҡҡͷ
Уͷأһô졣ȥɣչ˵С
Ǵɩһ˿
аɣȥҽ˵˵ʣһȥ㶫
á
ǴɩǣŹʣ뿪ֱ쳹׺͸Żһˮûȵϵιȥˡ
զŻ
ҽ˵ʱе㳤ʣɸү
ϵڲӲĺĲζ
ûǮֻ
ҲǸʮ𣿡
ǮǸ轻סԺѵģûжġ֣˯ɣҸʣȥұĵ˯
˵ͷҲصĳҽԺԱߵд
ڶһǴɩڣϵȲߴųԺ
·ݵ컹ڻѩ̱˵ݹŸţϾôȥˡ
ӳ˵ֱ̾ӦǴɩģôӳæ£ǳһ٣ŤͷԼȥСӴ塣
ʱѾʰö׼뿪
°Ĳȥ
仨ʵ
ȥ
ȥ˾鷳
ǳɣ߰ɡ
ŽгɹǴɩ˹ȥ

ƳǼ죬
ź˼
˼ͬ־Ǽ죬û㻹ǸϽ߰ɡ
ҾɶʱܻҼҵĲ˳ˡ
˼һĿ
ܼˣٳһҲû¡
첻ͷ˵
֪û£ֿ͡ˣܸܲҶӿҩõĿһ㡣֪ǸбµˣǮʲôҼҲȱ
˼һ΢ӿͦ̾˿
ֲҲβð
֪֪Ҿúֿɿ㡣
ָɶģôòŻһΣ
˵۲ӵĲıǰʱȥѧϰˣŴ绰˵Ҫ
ɶı
סˡ
զˣʶ
˼Ҳˡ
ǣǶŵų
첻˼˵
û뵽λǶͷ˾ļ
ü궼û˵λıҵĶӵⲡ
Ҽ˽н٣֮Բ߱Ϊҽ˵ûÿɻˣϽ֪ҶԳ˼λ쵼⣬˶û˵Ҫ֪Ȿ£ҿ϶ȥˡ
˼ֹסĺڣΪ˶ӵĲҪˣڸľ˾ǰิˡ
˵˵ƣҾȥʣûа취һºӵĲ顣
֪Ǿɩ󣬶̬˸180ȴת䡣
ã鷳ˡ
û¡
ߺ˼˸ɸϻؼҵ¡
һ½¸Լõڶһȥҿ
˯ǰ˿ռ䡣
ϲռ伴
20%
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𼱣ռ侫ѾǰΪ׼·ߣֻҪ˲Σٽһҩżɳɹ
˻һԺ̱ĳ˺˼
ռ侫飬ĺѽôоߵÿһĿƷΧأ
ûУռ侫ֻǸʵӦѡ
ˡ
һһ㽫˲ΰǳŵС⡣
ռ侫飬ҰСֽﻹٳ𣿡
Ȼԡ
Ļճе˲϶˺üɫС棬
⼸԰ε֡
´Ц
ˣѽ
ע⣬ڵ˲μ۸߲ᳬ40Ԫ
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ʮ
ǰ˲ΰֵ40Ǯ
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ã֪ˡ
ץ˲γ˿ռ䣬ҹܳҩʳ׵ȵڶõȥ
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ҶٺЩ´·ˣһȥļͷ
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˵Ӱͳ˲Σ
˲εףԡ
ҶҶǮ㿪ۣȥȡ
˼˵Ŵӿڴͳ׼õһŽᡣ
һԵĹ쿴ֱզࡣ
ʮС
ãʮ
˵˰Ȼʣ
ӣ˲ôԣ
ʳףѧһ¡
±Ǯκη˰Ҳûҵߺ˼ߵĸҪƵģֻȴȥѧϰҩ
СʱһŨζӳ
μget
˼¥ιӣ֦ζܵķɿ졣


67     
¥Ϻ˼ι, ´žͱõ졣
û뵽Ȼ֦üͷ΢΢
ʲô𣿡
֥û̻شǽͷԺ, κʵ, 
˲أȫˣ
𣿡
¾Ŀ
԰, ûУ
֦ץסĸ첲˼¡
˵ʲô, ҪҺ˼ĻԵһ£ȥ˵һܷ
еĽ䱸, ֦ʶԼղűֵ̫ˡָǸ̲ӣ
ɣ鷳ˡ
Ÿչ, ̲ס²˾䣬
ַ֦ʲôأܵ㡣
һ̯̯֣
˭֪ء
ת¥ͬ˼˵һ£˼Цһﾡǳ
Ů˻ǹûûƤģǰЩҪ, û˵ҪԤ˲ΣҵʱĪûӦ, ˭Ȼζˡ
Ҫڿɻء
¿ﻹʣµİ˵
ȵŰ, Ҫ, ҲôóԳԸúȺȣһȥ
˼
, ġ
¥ڿ˵˵ЦЦ
һɤŴԺ֦ϵްֱţʱʱü¡κ˾͸ûƵģø
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㣬˲Σ˲λܲһ㣿
ں˼ӳתƵһ·˵ͣ
ƳĸʵްڵʵʵʲôҲ
˼Լ˱Ȳɳ̧ͷʵ
Ǵ֪ҽ˲εģ
ŵģСӾ飬ǡ֪˲εζԲµ˲Ρ
֦ԣֺúõЦ
òţҼҼζŨҲƮСǰɣ
ⲻҴ˵˵˭ˡ㣬ҽһķϣŲһӰɡ
֦׼ĸ첲˼˹ȥ
˼ӣ˲βŲ㣬ǸҶӵҩܹһسüУȥʿ϶򵽡
˼β̬֦ЩջȻ֪ﶼУܸı
㣬˵ˣİ˲βõ̫ûʲôãء֪Ϊ˺ӣҲΪ裬ܲܰңȫһƬТġ
֦߿ޱ˵ģòȻλûһĻ
ʲôôأ˲λĳԣ
¹еʵ
ĺصĲ
֥š
ˣ
⻰˵ֺû˵
Ȼ֥ȴԼʲôëĨң
㣬ǸˣҰɣʵû취ˣҪȻԲ鷳㡣
Ҳ֪鷳
˼һ뷭ۡ
ӣҪû¾Ȼȥɣǵ»ûˡĲҲΪ
˵վȥš
֦ҲǻȥˣǶһ͵û
º͹һˡ
㣬ﻹ¾Ȼȥˡ
ãߣ徲ٽһ档
˼˺ڴſڡָĿ֦˽ֲ¡
һߣһ
߳ȥԶͷۣ˼վڴſû̲סƲƲ
ǰС֥ˣû뵽ôóȥ
ºЦһû˵ΪǸŶܲóȥҪûԵİæܲ
֦ĺ˼쳣ֱ꣬קŸ첲˳
顱һűݺݹϡ
㣬
˼
ޣ

´ӹҽӻع󣬾ͺһ棬Լռ
װռϣԶ+4ҲѷУ뼰ʱա
ùһԷŵд򿪣
¶ˮ*3ƻһã決һݣʻһݣɫѩϣ3ף
ⶼЩʲôѽôоû֮ǰô󣿡
Щ̫⡣
Ǹ֮ǰṩƷ
Ƿͨʾ
ʾʲô
ͨʾ㲻ռҲʱյйؿռ仯Ϣ
ͨ
ʾѿͨ۳40%Ľȡ
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˵𣿡
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Ļеѩһ͸
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̾˿뿪ռ䡣
ǰһֱûʰԺӣֱڻյġſռһ׺๤ߣȥʳʣû˻䡣
װֲᡷй쿾Ľ̳Ŷ֮Ĺ߿ֱãֻҪ۳һֵѡ
Ҿܾ
ֵߣ
˵ɾ͸ɣ컹ûڣŹȥʳá
˾Ŵʮָ˵ӭȥ
°㲻ڵ⼸Ҷ㡣
ҲĲˡ
Сںһ䣬ʳ˲Ц
ҲЦЦ
Ҿϰˣż
ڹʲô¶
˾ʵ
𣿡
䣿⻹治ᡣ
˾ҡҡͷ
ܰŪ𣿡
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˾üͷϸӺ˼ѡ
㻭ģС
ºٺЦûнͣ
ܰæҵЩ𣿡
ԣ˵һУʲôϡĶͼֽʳҲһƽʱҲܸһζ
ȻԣҰѼǸŪãͰͼֽ㡣
˾ܿģͼֽõݸ˵
һھȥŪϡ
˵Χȹûժ˳ȥ
Χʣ
£˾񳤿ɶ˵ĸһ
ǰҲɶö

½ͼֽݸǣҿ˲ˣ
½㣬̫ˣôӵĶ㻭
ĿʳҪиá
˾Ӧþôġ

أˡ
ܻ˾񳤼˶Χһ˵ɤӺ
ȫ˲ɢظλ
˾ɫŻ
°Ҵ˸ȥһ졣㿴ô
ǿ̫ˣ˾æҿʡء
°Ͳ쿾һ˿϶۸
ʳóԷɣϾͺá
ǳˡ
ùһ棬ԼΧȹ˺
ѵ˸յʳãһžͿڴڴˣ˵ŵǸ顣ںҲζ׷˹ȥ
ۻ⡣
ӣ̾һ
ɩĲ㰡
׺ӣʶҨףǳԲ
𣿹
ɩӡ
ðĲˣǽһġ
ŷ׶泭Ӿ͹ĹҺ˵
ɩӺãĲ˶ȱ˶һ
׵ͷ
ųǵôߴϽѻ磬ůˡ
ԶԶԣøϽ졣
ˣ̫ˣٲٷ
ʳʰ°ʱѾ͸ˣ˾Լ˸ʱ˼ҡ
ڶһߵ࣬˾񳤾ʹССſŶˡ
ˡ
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˾񳤣ԼõĿǰ˵㣬ڲߵʮ֣治ܹҲϴͳˡ
ҹңʵ̲ס쿾䣬˵ǰ߽պõĺܡԱ߿ţ־ˡ
˾񳤻䣬Ժʹռ侫鷴Ե
ע⣬ֲᡷеƷԶ֡ԱµݸשС
ˡ
Ǿ͵ݸשɡ
ߣཬשȫ˾һСʱ˵һ
䣬ϾͲˡ
˾ĵϵ˵
¸Ͻһˮϴָ֣ͷӲСӴˮ̲ס˻һ
ˣˣ̫ˡ
ִˮͣµΣ˾ֱü˼֣
ϴɾǸʳõģôôһԣҲϴ
СֻҧַŽȥ˺һָͷŻ
ִһɾˮǰֳɾŷ˵ֶв̶ͬȵĶˡ
ǵһ£ж˸ࡣ
ããҲС
Ϳûɶá
Űɣ֤ǵĶá
ռƷƷ
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ҩһӴ˿ڣԭ۵ĵط˲ˡ
ҩãͿϾͲˣ½㣬˵ҽҲƵģ
СһݵĿ
ҡҡͷ
ǣǱ˸ġ
ҩ󻰻Ǳ˵ˡ
ҩ𣿡ͼᡷҩҳҩֻҩҪռƷ޷ﵽҩһЧ
ʲôͼûе𣿡
󲿷ֵĶ涼ҵ
ǿɵʡŵá
Сϧ̾˿
ȻǱ˸ģҲ꾡ҡ
ģǿ̫ˡ½㣬ֱҵż񡣡
С˫Ŀ·βڲͣҡҡ
˾û̧Դ
㻹ҪֲأҪҩȥҽã¡
СƲƲ죬С˵
㵹ǰҩҰҪȻʲôȥҽҪ
˵ʲô
˾񳤺ۿ
ûûʲô˾񳤣ڸûʳ˰ɣ
ţһ߰ɡ
µָֻǰÿ챼ڲ˵غʳá
Ĳһһ磬ƷʺõĲˣ˾ºоʼûôֵġ
Դˣֻ˵
ܾ츳ɡ
˾ΪȻȫ˶֪½ųϱǸֵصĺðʽ
ļҲˡ
˼Ĳͷ󣬾͸һ룬ؼͰѳСĸˡ
վԺ˽Сʱ֥ҲǸƤģվڳſһ߳һ߿ֱӰѳС˹ȥ
ڳһ֣صֱһ٣֪ȫǱԼϱ۵ġ
飬ܹˣûˡ
ܣ붼Ҫ롣
֦˸ӣĺõ׼ط˯һ̤żͱ֣һק˳
豻ûأ㻹ȥ˯
ɫĵ֦ˡ
һֻĸǮˡ
֦Ϊ˵
Ǯ𣿡
֣ͷֱɫǺ졣
֦һ˦֣
Ҹ֣ҿ컳ˣǸţǷ뱲ӹǺǻȫϵأҪиҸȫûꡣ
˵ꡰžһϷţ֣ǽŶݴá˷·ʮꡣ


68  ˣ   һ
, ֦ƽ̹СڴŶӸϽ
֣ȥݰ˶˰Ļˣڴŵĵ֥˲һ
Ҹɶ뷢ƢȥҪŵҶ, Ҹûꡣ
֦˰ɣӶ, أ
̹ˡ
㻹˵ҩ㶼û, ŸϽȥѽ
֦һ
֣ȭ, һؿڱˡ
ĻǮҪԺõĺȺõģЩѵǮûǮҩ, ԼŰɡ
˵һԵĵϵͷԴȥˡ
һûҩֱ֥ըˣϵĸһ, ָ
֣ϱӿҪҶģҵĲҪβ뱲˭ùϽȥҩ
ûǮ
֣ţ䶪֡
ȥҴɩҪ
֮Ȼ˵
֣ɵƵĿ
ķ˰ɣɩƾʲôǮ㣿ܱܲˣأͲҳʲôǺøϽ֡
ʲô
֦뵽̬, һ¡
˸ҡģҲκл㹤ġҾȥŪǮ
㣿㰲ڼҴŰ, 鷳ллˡ
֣ѹûĻϡ
֦ж, ˵ɾ͸, ڼſհֽддֱҹͣ¡
ڶһûԾгˡ
֣ԺѰ˰죬ۿҪٵгûҵת, 
֣㿴гû
ˡ
߱˵
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Ůˣ
֣ǿгߵſڿһ˵
ϳɣҴȥ
лл֡
֣ǿû˵֣ܸܵĲ
³ʱ֣ǿ˵˾䣬
ȥúùܹϱֱ̫񻰡
ã֪ˣһȥһú˵˵
š
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Ц
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˵ߡ
㣬°쿪ѧһȥѧѽ˾УĲùܡ
÷š
ллˣͷһԷ
˵˵
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ɩӣûȥ
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ɡŶˣͼֽϡ
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㲻ûɣ
ǲڵģ̲סʵ
˵ȷʵˡ
ºٺЦ
ǾôȥɣȻ˵ûʱؼҸٸ͡
á

ĻڹӪ˽Сʱڰ˸ˡ
һ͸Ͻӭȥ
°ͼ𣿡
ĻտҲֻ֣Ծš
˼壬ʳɻæúܣҲǳչ㣬ʵûؼöˣɣһ
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ԽüͷԽֹǷƣͼֱڳһ
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ĻϵĲ豻򷭶ûоǹۼֿ콫豭õһԡ
ҡҡͷ
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֪һ֥ĸŮ֮ǰһصز˲ûѧû·÷йص¶ûմߡҾ⣬˵ĵ⡣
Ļüëһ
µһӦ뵽ǸΣӦþ֥Ľָɡ
ռ侫飬⵽ô£ΪʲôҺ֥ͬʱôֵΣ
ռ侫鲻֪Ǹ˲бԵ
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뿪Ӫûֱӻʳãתȥ˺ҡ
һҪ˼ǧٰ˲͸ˣһҲС
ռ侫飬ôоŹˣ
ⶼΪãѵϽ𣿽ǸbugֻҪĲܺȫͿֱһһúܴұڵ۶½ְкܴ
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꣡
á
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裬ζֻǾý˲ζûǰŨѡ
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Ӧð⼸ŵǰշģǰҲˣζ
˼ʼ
裬𼱣Ҿ˵˵Ҹоˡܺúȡ
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˼Էת, Ժг֦һС˲Ļ档
קסµĸ첲ʵ
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֦ڷﻭƸ壬Ǹǰ, Ҫ󲿷ֶòˡ·ʲôӣԴը˲ŻһΡ
׼ʾͱ˼ͻϣ˲һƬհף֦Ťˣݺˤеıʣһϡ
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ռ侫飬о仰ûѵͣһ400ֵһ𣿡
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Σλз۵Ůͬ־˭ļԺʱҲ̣ôû˵


70  ɵǴ   һ
һԴӪϱ, û죬ûҲ
ܺ͵
Դϱǡ𣿡
һ𾪵ؿ
ָҵģʵܸɣģҲټӪﻹҪչ, ֱӸŹˡھ㲻֪£
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㲻ھ, мٻʮءҪǲ˵, Ҷ֪
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еĸ˵Ƿ۸ġҸѹͲʶôʱ涼û, Ҽҵ鵹ָơ
ӦҪȥˣ
ţܰһһѡϾֳڿרǾġ
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˵ˣͷҼҵĿˣǿԳҵա
ǿ̫ˣҵųԡ
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ˣ
˸
۵ͷṴ
ôҲû뵽Լ˻ûȥأѾķ̲ġ


71  벻   һ
Сʱɽ·, ʱǳķʺã˾񳤳¶ôģߵĻɡ
ֳʱԶԶͿſվˡ
˾񳤵٩, 
ܻͦ㻨ġ
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, κ˾Ҳˡ
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Σ֮ǰûмʲôԭʧҲ̫˰ɡ
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תƻ⣬Ǹѩһ̨¡
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СѩǺͬ־ǹҪѿġ
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㿴ˮǲǸˣ
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Լ˵ʲô𣿡
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ڼȷʵʲôģҲֳ֪ǰĲһԲס㣬鷳ˡ
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ǣŹվڻؼҵķ벻ԼҪæʲô

ˡĵ绰ϾҪˣϿȥ𣿡
ȫǿռ侫ϵͳզզķ
ۿ򴰻滹һƬ
磬춼ûأȥĶӵ绰
ϴԸСһŵ绰ˡ
𣿡
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仨ʱȥϷʱᾡľչ˹
ռ侫Խ˵Խ棬
˭ѽôء
šʱܸ㣬㿹
˵Ҳ
ȡ¼ŵëϵˮɾ󣬶󻨴轫ˮõԺ
׼ʱͷһŤƳǽǵֽ䣬߹ȥһֻ˶ĸ棬һ˫۾ֱĶȲҲС
ͷһƣһִԲļԱ߷š̽˼£ûйԼ˼󵨽˳
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ˣǿռƷ¡
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ۿ˿ֱѾˣȥ˯ţһ뵽½ҪҩμͷĲУôĹͰװóȥţ
У취
˯ԴСĴӴ·š
콫ѵսʿҲŸ𴲣ʱѾվ½ſڡ
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ϣɩˡǸϽ߰ɣֳļǻҩء
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ȹȥɣһҪȻ
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С̣յӵ绰ˣæֻ޵˺ѷΣ
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׷׸ͱʾͬ
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ҵʱӶС̵£Сĺһ㣬ҿǲܲ鷳Բ´βˡ
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վ͸оתһͷΣæŴðŻǴɩӣۿһȦ
ޡ
˲ףΪ˶ȺС͵ܶˡ
ĿַŵӴſڣǸӰڳˡ


72  ˭˭   һ
ӣ
һſǻּίԶĴ´
¿ȥ, ֻһͷ棬ҵŮ˷վ
ǡǼҴɩ
ȵŴͣŮ˲ڼҺúչݣôˣ
, ء
ǴɩֱӺԡǼҡ, ׼ǰס
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Լҹ, ӹȥˣҳҸɣǵСسҲ֪, ܳԱĶûң㹤
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ҾҰҸ
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, 㿴ӡ
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Ǵɩ޵۾·ʱʱĳƳһۣ档
Ҹ㱣֤ûл˼һܿƷۡչ˹ĻܿϷ
ռ侫ջ
·˸ۣ
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Ҹѣ϶Ķߣ͸ڵ÷һǸ֡
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Ǵɩֹֹס֪뿪Լȥģ
ɡ

ǴɩĨ䲻ôһ仰ЩӦ
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Ŀﲻ˿¶ȡ
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صģ˵۱Ҫߵöֻ࣬ͨƷòôࡣ
ȥȥˣҲ̫ͨȻʲôأ
˺ܶ࣬׬ǮļȫдڱʼǱϣҪȥ

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ǼôߣղȺ˶վ֥ߣȫǰף֤
ָ˺
θղɾĶͷֿʼðˣЩƤӲ˼˵
λСͬ־ˣղ֧֦ûңҹʧɵģϷҪӲ˵ǰףǣҿϡ
ĻĶͷ˾ҲϽƲϵɫһ䣬ָŭ
ô飿ô㡣ͬ־дûв࣬ͬ־ôίǸ
˵һ
Բͬ־ίˡģǹǾԲӣϢֶΪġôôûκȫϡ
ܵ쵼ˣ죬ӡ
˵
ĿⶼϣһǸģ
˵ǹǾԲΪ֣ʣ»ҪǹЭ龡˵ȫϡ


73  ȥϷ   һ
򳹵ɵ, û뵽ȻɵԼϡ
㡭
Ӧøͬ־ȥɳʵʵЩ顣
Ļ
ԼǱˣе㲻ģתͷֿȡ
βѱ, Ļ˵, ԼС, ֻĳȰһ, 
򰡣εĻʵ˰, ûô
ˣʣµȫԼôˡ
ȻҲָˡƳԱŵ˵֦, Ӱ˰
߰ɣɳú˵
һ˸Źȥͬ־ȥûӣȫԼˡ֥ҲɵͬһԽȫƵϡ
֮乷ҧºĻͷʹ졣ôжҲ˭ܲˡ
˸İٿǮ¡
֣֪ͨȥ֦ʱڹϰ, ͬ¸Ŵĸ뿪ˣߵʱȫ̺
һɳĴţ͸ϽµǸ, 
ɩ, Բס, Ĳ֪һס
ԼԾͺãƽʱùܻҪܵ, ϾͬһһҲøŷ
ˣȥһú˵˵
˵Ťͷߣ˿֥֦Ҳ˲æСܸϡ
ؼҵ·ϣ֣һԣѹͳµŵķɿ졣ŵ֦ס֡
ǷͿˣĻôĬ
뵽ؼҺһսȰ֣絽ԼߣֻҪϸԼվһ𣬳Сô˵ν
֪ˣҡ
죡
֣ʾһ㶼˵
֦Աһ˿
ҡ
˵˱죡֦֮ǰûûпǹİٿǮ˭
ȻǼˣĹһֱҳƾʲôܣ
֣㱻⸱ֱ׳Цˡ
֦㡭ûˣ
֣ʲô˼
ͻȻ⣬۵֣񳵰ûȣ㽫ˤȥ
֦һڡ
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صңСĿʵ
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ûǮ˭ֳ˭취Ǯȥ˼ô죿ôѲɶ
裬Ĺʿɶˣôǲе֡
֦ƲƲ죬Щ
֣֦㻹˼˵ҹ֣ڼʲôɣ֪ȳԷǮΪûּңýġҪȻԺȴĶôѵҸǣ
裬Ҹ𣿡
֣ڡ
ҪòǮָɳʲôɥĲ£뵽ǿ鱻ɷĩʯͷ
ûǮǣԼ취
˵Ťͷȥˡ
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ȥģ
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Ǯȥ
ܲɡ
õ˰˰ٿǮ⳥ٿǮĸѡ
ĻǮʱɫɺѿ¶ĴɲС
ǮǹĲ⣬Ҵְˡ£Ҳ㿴ˣûǰ;ְұĳ·ء
ǿǸҸɣ
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ҵϰ
Ļûȥĸ¡
ռ侫飬ǧٿˡ
½Ǯպ÷Žµļвֹ·ϱ͵
ռ侫ΪṩһŽο
ֱӣЩ̫˲áң׼װ⣬ͶС󡣡
Լ쳧𣿡
Ǯ̫Ҵ㰴ԭƻһߣһʱ㹻ˡ
ռ侫ΪΪɸѡúʵķװɹο
µͻȻֵֽڵһλľǰˡ
˷װΪӪ涼бϣҸϺͼʾʮƲĿܡ
Ʋ
뵽˾ʮǳƲǹӪ˽Ӫһ붼ûӹȥ
ǾɣȥСǾ¡
뿪ǰصȥһ˺ң˲κ󣬽Ѿܹµ·ˡ
ı˻ûҵ绰һһĴ˹
ǣأҪ˵á
˼绰Ͳݸ¡
ǰӹԾĽ
ıá
ãͬ־Ҷӵ̫лˣôǷΪ˸βϵرһ鲻˵ѺҲڵĹǺһΪλȥ̫͡лˣ̫лˡ
ŵ绰ͷҲͦܡ
ıӵĲõĲˣԺóǰ
ţףһȥ½СӻǾͰһ磬ԺǷĸɵ裬СǸҲТǣҾʹȡ
ıɲأҺ½ڵͱ˶١
ôˡæѵ绰˼л˵
á
绰˻ȥԱߵɳŷνô졣
¥¥ݷһſھͺ
á
£
Ŷʮͷ
á
Ȳ衣
á

Ӻҳʱӻµģʵɶӵ͸ϵõܵһ󰡡
ڶһ磬´Ǵɩȥֳ
ΣҪȥϷݼңǲˡҩˮѾ÷ڼҪʱҴɩþˡ
ܺҩˮŵԼѾź˱ûᡣ
ɣ㿴Ű죬İλɩȸúѧѧڽ̷ۣҲ˳ֵ¡
ллΣһúøŴѧ
ǴɩĴ֣û뵽һԼȻҲڲͷиҪ˵ȥö氡
Ѿʼĥһظ绰ˡ
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Σ£Ƿģҿ϶úý
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ôݽ
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˺ܶأõġ
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ãʡˡ
ЦƳ˷һۼ˵
ûĲأúѧȡʦҼḺ
˵˵㣬ɶʱʼѧ
ǴɩȲʡ
ڰɣҹҰ㽲

΢΢ʱѾŰվڻվˡ
ռ侫飬һ·ɵöҡ
ģڿʼռ侫齫24СʱΪṩϢ֤Բ񡣡
ڿ·ռ侫˭ְнǰˣ
֪Ϊʲôܾ˵еͷˡ
̤ϻ𳵺¼һ·Ʈߣ˼˵лҪ¡קסİŬĿŲ
ãҼҺˡ
һСĸŮͷ
Ӳ㻳ﱧզΣɰ
һ
˭ˣ㿴һ˶мʲôӣ·ҿİȫһռˡ
Ա߲λԼûţ

˿ڰϳ¸ûꡣ
¸һںسᣬ𳵴ʱѾǽҲǣҲǡ
ͷۻƱԼλûкóһξ롣
ܰ·ÿٳû滹ôء
ǰûʡ
˵վ·ҲԼɵɶ¡
ϽвУûϻôණء

·һߺɹ˷ֿȺٶǰȥ
±ŰؿڷƣӺŲԼλϡԱһλվڱϣæԼСŮ
˼ӣΪûء
¡
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Ƥ𳵡۵۵ǰţζһŵĽͷŤ򴰻Ŵ⻹δѩŴ
ռ侫飬ҲĻƱôһһҹҾԻġ
Ѿˡŵζе¡
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ԱߵĴһĵĴչʵ
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СŮɵĴλĲͳһƳγεӵݵǰĿ˵
̣ӣͲˡ
һĶҪˡ
ЦֽӹӺ󣬴ӿڴһ
밢̳ӣǣš
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
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õһ·ˣ⴩̫˿𡣡
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㣬ô˵Ҿ͵ҫˡ
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ӣɫͦÿģĶѽ
ǰһʵ
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ϣҪ˵ԵأҲȥһƵġ˵ҸˣǰżҪӲҪŮֿʱ͸ʮǮѡӶǮţʮǮҲ͹µķʵû취ų
۽ǵᣬһࡣ
㣬ѹû˭벻˭ǰϹôˣȫ
ļο
Ҳôģӣһ·ɣ·Ҳң顣
ӦӦ
ռ侫ֿʼϹ
ĵ׷˸ۡ
Ȼԡ
Ӧסֿʼƪ
ҽңͿ϶㣬ԺҽС
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»ס֣ͬ׽ƵĵĻȡ
С޶һۣҲսʼĽԼ
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ǿ̫Եˡ
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ҵǮҵǮˣ˭ҵǮˡ
Сۿվ˵ߵѰңѯʡȻҶֻǿţû˻ش
ءǮǸһдӪƷģҪǶôȥλҪǿ鷳˵һˡ
С޵ģʵСҲʼԼİ
һд˳֮վҶ
Ѿܺˣһر죬Ϊϳʱվԣһ·üţ۵ᶼ쭳ˡ
ҪȥԼڲĿڴռ侫
УǧҪȥǮλãϵС͵ÿһء
ҵǮҲ֪ȫ
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ҪһǮڰļ󣬵ȵ³ʱؿڴҲ͵ʲôֵǮĶ
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ǧ𷭣һС͵ûԶ϶ĶءҪ֪ǮλãҪСʱ͸͵ˡ
³ײҶϱӵһ𳵵ľѾ㼸ˣȫ̶ҪڸߵĶ࣬һϺüԱͣ߶С͵ʲôĺټô
˿޹
ҵĶǱмʱġ
ҵĺҲǡ
ҵҲǸʱ򡣡
ǣ϶⵲·ܣͬл֡


74  ɷõŮӢۡ   һ
˵ɶ, һʵôܸɳ£
ܵĴվǺ
Ľ˶ƤڣٻֻͷЩ, һں
ոտСᱻĲ˵, ͬ˶ȴ
˵û͵, ͰѰóǼ顣
ƾʲô˵û͵û͵, ǰŲš
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̣һǮдãҪǶҶزȥˡ
Ů̧ͷһãĿ
Ǯ˸ʲôϵֲ͵ġ
ҿİ
УҪȥƾɶҵİ
Ůָں˵
СƳǴһûȥֻܰŮˣ
, ҿһ۰ɣûвҲû𣿡
㿴Ҳ׵ġ
뽩֡
ͻȻ˺
İ
ţ
¿ָķԼ, ǳʵ, 
˵𣿡
, 㡣ղһֱվԱߣ󣬸Ͻİó
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Цˣ
ƾʲôҾãǺûӡ
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ûþ˵׵¡
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Цһ
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ŶԷŤƣҰ׵ɫͷ亹ڰһڵ϶
֮ǰŹļȫԭأٶ
һʣ鷳ߣ
ɿ֣ˤڵû˻һûǰš
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ԱߵҺǮĿɿڴ
£һĳĴָ

ҸղſСһֱ飬˵᲻ɵģ
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ȥ𴦿޵Сһ˿ġ
Ժĳĸ֡ն񡱡
͵¼һֱţֱɫĵƱ򿪣ԱСۺз
˽ԼĸΧһԡ
Ҫ𣿻Ʊ
ԱЩڳﴩУæʣ
Ʊǻһ𣿡
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Աߵλʵ
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ɱ
Ѫ
͵Ӳ㣡
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һСʱ󣬳䷿⣬෿˿ͶٶˣλùĴ类ͱһվͱͽҽԺˡ
ûгʹżλ쵼Ŵ컨ˡ
λǽüǶС͵Ůͬ־¡ҹƣ
һȺ˼ĽΧм䣬ȫҹ
ڣһ컨ͱؿڴһ۾Сյǰʵ
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͡ͳעѡ
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ţ⡣
ң
Ӷˣ͸ҿ
ȣͬ־ϸڣϸϸڡ
ԱߵгСѵ
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ϸڣ
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Сʱɢˡ
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ʮСʱ·̣÷Ѱϴү´ɱһ˵һߺȣõĿڲͷ
ֻͬ־һֳס壬һԾϢڵϣˮá
ţ
ζĿүүٺһЦЩ˼Ա߳˿͵ĴߴŽ
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ҲһͣôҸӲƴ˵ˣȫŮˣϵϣССҪС͵ȫꡣ
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ԱĴڸֳغ
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ҸûûŮȥ궬ʱѩ˳־֮˸ŮʹˣȽŲã·Ƚĵŵ㡣
µͷôҲû뵽һԼ
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ǸϺˣҵŮһæǰæ󣬿Ľ

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ǼҵЬ󲻳15ǮҪȰٻĲǶеͷʲôġ
·˼˫ЬֲֻͷԣЬ滹ԵĻֲۣ˲ֻ޷
ⶼṋ̀ĲдƷɡ
˵ǲдƷʮǮôõ׬󷢡Щл۵ģúЬͲһ¾Ϳˡҽ˫ſǮµġ
Ьһ٣⡣


75  һɹ   һ
һ˫Ь覴õ⿴һ, 
ҽ㣬֪ЬĹ𣿡
֪ôֱȥ򣿡
ƳڳԷСʵ
ţҾ۸ѹһѹ
Աһ˫Ь˿
ǲ, 覴Ьг, ΢޲һ¾߼, ÿȥԤ˶ŶӡûЬ߶
šü, 
ǲȥΪ
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, Ҫ˫
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ҳۡ
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ʮ
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ʡ
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Ŵ׻ˣϵĺܣ֮ǰԹٷϵǻˣ֪Ӳһֶû͸¶Ҳ⣬ϾͷиôǮⲻףֱͶ࣬˭ɵٰ⹰ء
ЩǮȫˮƯˣ۵ġ
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ˣǸˣг̻ܶմ״ʣɶ²г󣬵ѽء
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š

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һ˹30ӣ·˸߳ԱߵȣСţ¿ŶŵңٿԼĴЬʮңȻ൱ʵá
ҽ㣬ô޵ƤЬ
ޣû˵ƤЬޣ˵Ьɡ
󲻳ƤЬ޵ӣͷһµĽţʶЬһѿ
ɣÿС
¡һ
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Զģԭصͼ۶ȥֱЬｨµһܱ߲
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˵űֽԶˡ
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οһȵıüչĻ˼˵Щϻ
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ŸʲôϽš
³˰ȡ
ƳܵǰˣżæŴ򿪡
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һٶƽͷĵ׹ˮ꣬һ⣬ڵİ״שϻĴߡڵƤɳһ;ûۡ
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Ȼô˵ҲԼе֡
³Ǻ㲻Ҳǩʱ䡣ôһһġ
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ۼңͨϸڣԱԴۣСʱһźͬĻϸѾˡ
³Щδ
濴ôôḻˡ
³ˣʵΪ˸ʱѧġ
ҽ̵úã
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ߡ

Щ˼׼ܾͱ´ˡ
Ǿ̫лл³ˡ
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ǰ棬˸ᳶ˳ĸ첲
᲻̫鷳ˣ
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գһԴ
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ϴεĸѣѾˡ
áˣǸºĻôˣ
֦ĵĽǮŷͳָٵš
ĻѾˣǸȻҲһˡ


76  ˫Ь   
ˣ
֦, һ˿š
ûǲȥ氲˷װˣ
Ϊ⣬
ȥôӪҵǿɲһǮҿɾˡ
Ҷ㡣ǮȥȲ衣
˵ŴһŴŽ
һ־ʮǮ, ûˡ
, ҿ϶㶢, , ؼ
ĿԶ֦͵ؼҴ¹µĴ﷭һŴ۴æȥС
·Լ, Ӵ࣬ǮʱĽ
198143, 1403.12
ĬĬһǸԼͬһʱ俪ʼӵĻڲҲһǧǮˡ
Ǯȥҩ꣬˼ҩؼҡ
ŰҩɰðİɫǰͻȻһŤǰĳˡ
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ʱ֣, 
½ˣȥˡ
ʲôôܣ
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, ׿ڸҵġ
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ô
·˸İۣǮˡ
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ҩ˲࣬ҩҲȫӾˡ
źҩ겻ԶĵطŸ绰ͤǡûˡæ߹ȥӿڴͳде绰ֽ˹ȥ
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ǼҴ㣬˵ƤЬʲôʱ򵽰
˿ˣеԶأĶûʱš
䲻ԣҲúܡ
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Ǵ㣬Сѩ˲˵ˣʵڶԲסɡҪǲƶУûɶ˵ֻԺҡ
ѩһװίȫ¾ί
۽㣬˰ɣҺǴ˵ѣôˣڳ⸱ڹ𣿡
Ǵɩ֣ǳ
Сѩôͬ־˵أȻȷʵǷôһ㣬øػǵøģ򴫳ȥ˵л
ɡ
ѩĻû˵ڣͱվſڵܺˡ
ͬ־˵öԣСѩϽ򷽻ͬ־Ǹ
ѩתſ͵һŷ۵ˡŮ˾Ȼ
ʲôأûζˣϽǸţ
Ǵɩܺѩ˵Ͻһѡ


77  Ƹ¹   һ
Բ, ۽㣬Ҳ֪ô˫ˣֻ˵ˣ˵㡣Ҳ֪ȻļʳͰװ, ݼô, ͷĹҪŻ, һһƼ㡣
ѩˮĴ۾, һ޹Ŀŷۡ
Ƭ̺˳ȥ
ܺ̾һŤͷ˳ȥ
ôˣ˵Ĳ𣿡
ѩĿǴɩ
Ǵɩǳ˳, Ĵָ
˵Ժ˵ˡ
ѩЦһ, ۰ǹʹʱôûôһ죿ŪܲˣǴ
ܳȥһûνѩгȥݺһٺ㰲
ǴɩĬĬɻûЬ¡
ֱڶϣ˿Цʱע⵽ϵЬ
, Ьӵˡô𣿡
㣬ЬͲ

ǰЬھȫΧš
ǴɩԴЦˣ
ô, ЬҲ, ·ѽšʲôʱҲҿɲ֪, ²У
ԶԶԣʮǮر, Ҳۣ˵ˣǴһﶼھӣԼ˲Լˡ
˵֣ͷųһﲻ
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ֳŮͬ־ΧǴɩߣѩǱֱ۲ĥҪЬ
߹˾䣬
ǼҴ㣬¼Ļ˫覴Ь𣿺ÿǺÿߡ᲻̫˵㣿
ǴɩϵЦݵ֣
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ô˵ûƷ£ЬԱһ£ͦġ
۳ǰȣϵƤЬϲԣȴǵ⡣
˳ĬĿ˵Ьһʱ䲻֪˵ʲôǻ˿϶ЩΣǴɩƫƫ
ЬӲЬɣЬۺͦģЬĥҲͬ־ҶľЬעˣָͻѿڣʱĻȥ油棬ʱٳ㡣
͡
ѩЦˡ
۽㣬ע㣬ϾЬӵȲ覴Ьء
Ьôе찡
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ˣȷʵкóһʱ䶼û
ѽδǰεЬͷӦ𣿡
ѩһЦ
ٶĬۺݺģﲻϰʾԼһҪ侲ܱǣűߡ
ŬһĨЦͣ
ǿ˰ɣЬϼģһˣҪȻҲῴôɡ
ôǵЬȥ6·ݲų¿
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ۿһҪޣѩһᣬ
ͻȻ컹ûȥȦأ㣬һȥɡ
Ŷá
㲻ɵӣתίģ֪϶Ϊ˷ֹаεԼϣǸϽܰɡ
ӣɢһɶҪûҪҲû䣬ͨ졣

Ӽҡ
getֵ+1
ҩѳ죬ֵ+3
ҩѳ죬ֵ+8

һʾͷۣ˶ѼѸ˵֡
úóԣ
ǳá
һܵʱ䣬40%Ľֵծ񣬻50%ȻңԶٽֵĶࡣ
Ҫ˶Ǿļˡ
⻰һʱ䲻֪ڿ佱ԼڹĳԼ
˵ɣҸ
װһӽֵ𣿡
ãÿ춼ҪȥгУܳôֵˡ
·˸û˵
ôˣ
УŮ˵Ȼġǰг￴һĵ꣬ǼƵһϼܾϻˣСϸ壬ɫȸߣɫһѾ΢ص͸ƨƵġ
֧ԴʼҪҪټȥ
ռֵЩѾȫˣĿռĻƿͣһƿˮʮʮ졣
ȷŵһߣŲ̄ȥʱµף³ܻؼˡʱҿǳԻ
ԽԽĶֻǸ۸еߵĹ֡
Ƕûɶ󣬶Ҫֻһ̨Ҳǿǿģ磬ˮһ󶼱һߡ
ռ侫ջ
һǸϽԷɡ
ۿϵĲ˿˴룬¸Ͻӿ˳Էٶȡ
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¼һСϵʵ۾һܡҰľζá
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ԴйЬӿʽĻ˵˼ȫܵ棬ڳһ˺üʦ⡣ܾǻʲô
´ӰóһƸݹȥ³СĽӹһһŷ
ԽϱԽϲ
˲Ű⼸˫Ьһġ
ǿ϶ġ
临С̸ƤЬִҲǧıܻôʽöʱְС
СǸѧУѧҾ㲻ÿǧ飬ЩǮȫ·Ьӣ֮ĶԼ
ʣµճԺȶάֲˣڿ·мְԺ󣬺ԥĹˡ
һҺܵ͵ССҲܰ㳡·ЬӰÿ첻ýҵְȥ˴Ϊ֧רע
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ãҪ⼸ڹŵ㣿ҪǴİﲻԣ㻹Աָָ
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վǰĸ߸ԼĽ˶һŸֽһԱӣ༦Ƶ
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ǰһĵ֣ŵԽѣſؿؿ
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־ǿԽ˵ԽίۿһȦ
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78  ؼ   
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ȾҪʹҲǲܿϷ
ղųܵʱҷ, һǸ߷·ѧУиԡٺٺ, 㶮ġ
סЦ, Լȥ, ٸ鷳
¸һ, ˵׼һǣԹϿ, С
Ϊһ˳ѡֻ֣Ҫʦùϵ, ʱ϶ȥ
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⼸ѡȽǱģҪǾúþ¼ˡ
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⻭ʲôȻܿǸЬ⻭Ҳ̫˰ɣ
贵Ƹ屻ӵһԡ
ƤЬ滨ڵʲô֪ԽԽ𣿡
һű˳
ţë׵ĿŲ׸𣿹˶ʮŮ˾ԲϲЬ
š
ʮӺˡ
ţ⼸ݣԵĲ̫а
³Ƶɳһ, ʼ̾
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ϱӵһƸ尤ʼ⣬
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ŮעϸڣϵЬһɫ, ɫҲ, һΪͬһҹͬһˮ߳ءһɫû, ᱻг̭
һţ
ȻʲݣƷ츳ͷϰϰ, ҪǴôõԺԺڡ

һ³֮ǰȫƷԴϬӶƫƫͦе
ǡ˵İɣЩ˵Ĺʰ֮ǰ˵õģʣµ¡
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ҽ㣬Ѿ³ˣ¶ȽëûʲôҪ
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³ĴָҲЩɫϡߡ
һûţæɨЬ£Ҫ˽ͼᡷ
Ƭgetֵ+10
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ܰһĥˡ
¿ռ侫㣬ͻϽġ֪ΪʲôȻʼռֻݵӣôɣôгѽ
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̵ĺãȻҲôóԵڡ
⻰ǫ飬ûɼʮķ꣬վԴﲻˮƽ츳ûϵȫۡ
˭ģпڸ˻ҸѼѣסһ£СһȦ
ԼҹŮཱུߵüѼæ㡣
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ʲôҪҰæľܿڡ
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ⳡѵĵˣѵĸû³һξԼˡ
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վ⣬֦ŵС̯ʱʱͷѾһСʱˣҲĥ䵽ڰɡ
ԱһǴɩŶ˴ܳ߹ǰͷǵĹ
֪ҪһҪվǴɩ֪ӾҪǲ⣬һϡ
緹Ͻ÷ҽ賵
֦ڳǰԲ٣Ҳ˲ĵͷ
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뵽ͦͦ
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Ů˵ɶأ裬²裡
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ŶˣΪ軹أܣӶŶӲܣӿûֵʱ㿪ʼĥôǸߵˡô󣬳ûôǶˡ
һڣ˶첻١
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ɩǸϽ߰ɣҲ˳ܡ
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ϳŵǰĸϣһãһˡ
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ص½ҪϢԣһžռ䡣
װûз仯ܴĿǰռѾжʮƽŶ
Կռ侫飬ֵķǳ䵭
ҵļأ
ԵȣϾ͵
ϲ³ɹļѴΪ͵עգ
һɫӳǰ򿪺ϲ㻹һɫӡ
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ôھҪռĻ궼ˣŲѵǿ㲻ҲҸϽΪʲôҪ
ֲ⣬ǰǸ·һ顣


79  ųɩ   һ
˼, ˵ʲô
Ŷ֪Ͷߡť𣿡
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²ûбĴŪػɿռ侫ø߼, ԴﵽɻĿġ
̫ˣ
Ϊռ侫ֶһջ
, ռ侫㱣֤弶Ĵ׹⣬һĶ
ĶԼ֪ʲô㵹˽
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Ǵɩɴȥϰ࣬ͺӡʱ俪ʼ決
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СĽȡƳγεСɹ
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°࣬ǴɩǣŹָߵԺŵһζ
ǴɩǼʲôóԵˣһ춼ƮŹζ
ǰԺһֱţҲ˼ȥʡ
һ治֪ҼˣӦڵĳԵġ
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ĻؼҰɣ衭̱ڴϣִˣﴦҪǮߡС
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80  ռ侫˫   һ
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ϵ˹άһ·ЩƮƮȻ, ݵ·ϴӳ̲סһ, 
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Žݣϵʧ͸, ʹɣһѪԵϵʱڵġ
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Ǵɩۿˡ
զˣ˵˼䡣
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㡭ǣˣϵۿ, ˵Ҳǰ, ˼Ǵͻȥ
˵Ҳס, һһŵҲ˿ǻ
ɶզأɩҲͷ˵˼, ô
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±Űȥռ侫һֱûûóȻȥ֦
ۿѾ죬ռǿľ廹Ⱦ鿿סˣԼϰɡ
װʮ죬Ǯ˲٣ҵܿˡ
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֦װ꡿
֣վԻǴظմͷһŤվڲԶЦЦĿǡ
ͻȻˣ


81  ֦   һ
, ˣһ㣬ԶԶԣұһ, úú, ɡ
֦, Ťͷ׼֣Ҳʱ, ۵ɵĵԲһգգĿһߡ
˳߿ȥ, ¿ŰЦߡ
һû㶼ϰˣװ޵ò·ͦá
, ôͻȻˣ
뵽ղ֣ı飬ﲻһ˿⡣
Ҫǿˣߣ
ת֥ŷӦԼҪæס
㣬æһͷˣ˼Ҫǽ
֦˲Цݡ
װﵽҳ, ĿһƲƲ죬
ܽ𣿡
ôܡ
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֣һգһ˵
֦ڴǮ, һ˿ۡ¿˸ţھ˳Ӧˣ
ȷʵûԷ, ӪþûȥˣȥǶɡ
Уġ
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83  Ĺŵİ   һ
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ŸʲôϽ֣첻Ҹ֦Ϊ˺Ӿʹˣǿɲǵġ
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÷֪װģȴƫƫû취ҪǿеķϣǰŮ˵ײɡ
иܸұ𣿡
иզˣиҴˣôиĸƵģҪİԼĺӣܵҸɼܣҰɡ
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˰ɣʲôֲǲ֪οڻأԶСıմϡ
۾ϹȢ˸ʲôȫҲð
С㣬óɼܡ

϶˻ûء
Щսݵ֦һҪԷޱ˭ܵˣ
顱һľűؿĵǽߡ
һֲվָ̨֣
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ڶ죬Ժը˹պӲѧҳΧһʼԡ
÷һԺ￾ɣһŰԡڽӵĴɤŸǴ˰֣
ϣէһϢҶˣ˲òడ
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Ҳû˵ʲô
Ƭ¶ŵġ
ͻȻ̧ͷˣ
˼ȥòԾĹ˵ϣҲĵطοЬǷġ¶ܽȥ


84  Ьʧ   һ
ǾͲ֪, ڶ˵ء
÷ʶȤûȥ
Уҵȥ¸ĹŵųúòĹڲˡ
˵굱վߣ˸Ͻס, 
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÷ѵÿȰһΣֻס
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֦һϵ￪ţûͿΧ˺ôһȺˡͣ³ӷſǽߺס·һʵ
ӣ֪ǶʲôôΧôˣ
Ŷµ꿪Żݣ⴫дңҵøϽȥȻһûˡ
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ɶأЬȵˡ
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Ǳ߿λҲСôȥ

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ÿŶʮһ򣡡
Ǽ覴ЬʮǮȶأ¿
ЬģҪЬ

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˵覴ЬʱҲԸ»һзҪôȰʹҴӦ㣬ҲӦҵⶼǰϵ£˵ҿ㣬ҿɲϡ
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Щͬǡ
ǣǲؤ
ŮվƽӣϿһ˿
˭һҼҵſڣ
´Ѳλˣȫûǰλ˭
ռ侫飬ɨһ¿Ҹʶ𣿡
õռ侫ɨ跢ֶλɡ
Ůĵô£С۵ɵıţ۶С׵ĸҳƵġ
Ī
㲻ʶңҿʶ㣬úܡ
Ů˿ڵ
¸Ϳˣ
ĺܣ𣿡
ŮЦһ̣
´帾ôֳĴС硣
λŮͬ־ɱ˵Ҵδ˵ʲôС㡣
±²Ҳİɡ
ǸǮң
ûǮҲҪǮҾԼָ
ֹ鷳ѻ˵׵㣬ʲôҾ
ѽøң
Ů֣һЦĿ
ҡ
Դ£ʲôˣѵ½ڻǰޣ
ռ侫飬ռ侫飬Ͻ˵⵽ô£Ϊʲô˵ˣ
ռ侫ҲЩ£ɨ˺ܶζûõ
ҷǳȷĸûκιϵ
½أ
ҲûϵǷĹϵ޽
ܲǴ˵еδɣ
¾þûزŮһ
ղŻ˵ʲôⶼܰҽô˵ˣ㳤ͦƯ˵飬û뵽ȻɳôҪ£ﶼô𣿡
ͬ־ˣɷֻһǰ޺һǰ¶ӣⲢûϵܵˡ
½ǾˣԲܻҸ㣬ôĶУ֦ըˡ
ǰ޼һӣݸȷԼҶˡ
ƨҲǰޣΡ
±ĲͷѹӼͣ
֤ǹµģ˵ΣǾ鷳ѽ֤óûеĻʱȥɳ
סͷ۶˵
û֤ڴ˾ϯȫٶΪ֤ӣøҰɣĶӶôˣѵҪû𣿡
ĸһ޵ӣ̾˿
ŲţҲҪҵˡǾˣǰ޳֤һĶӣҸǰš˵Ӧһλ֪ɣ
ס
֣񣿡
£
üһԭ֣ѽƽʱͦʵһˣȻǸز¶С
ҡҡͷ
ҴطˣǼҵϰҪҵˡ
֦ôлл㰡
ɡǸ˵ķװڹӪԱߡ
ҲԱߣûŮ˽ʲô𣿡
ʡ
˵ˣָ֥ߣģҲ
֪Լϴ˺ûǰƣʵĲУʲôĻԹԻش
ָָͷϹҵӣ
֣ҵ£֦
˼ӣҡҲʶ̫֡Բˣϵľ㰤ҡңҪһ
ɲأҴӲˣҪҵˡ
ָǶһﳵһ˵Цķ۶췭ȥˡ
Ļǹģ


86     һ
ǣźӵָֿķ, һɫװģ忡ЦݺųһģʱƯŮˣ޼, ˵Ц
ۿǸ, ź⡣ԵСкֱӳ˾䡣
ְ֣, ǰְ֣
˵ӵĽֵ, ϰϰ, ѧѧ⣬ǳ֡ͻһ˲˲ٵĿ, ǶԷޡ
ڽ㣿
֦ϸȻŷʵ
֣񿴵ͫ͵һæҡҡͷ
ôܣ϶ڽбˣҶӲǻ
Ҳǡ
Ů˵ĳ͸Ű֣֣˽⣬ԷǾԲܿ͵Ůˡ
ˣ³, ҵøϽȥϰࡣ
ͣ³ӣ֧ŵƫͷ˵
ãעⰲȫ
֦², ˵ˡ
š
, ֱ֣Ӿųӷɿ, Ȼһ˱죬Ǿ¡
ôһ֦ĻᣬôܷŹء
֣, λǹģ˵ˣҪһģ
һΪѵĿ֣ųѵˣŵ߰ԶǶĸӵı飬Ҳȥôһߺȣֵ˶ڹעַâ̱ĸо治ܡ
֦šüʵ
·ʲô񾭣Ϊʲôȥ㲻йϵɣ
뵽һӦ
ôܣϹ˵
ĺǳ
ģ֦ʵûʲô
֣㡭
еţʶŶĺӣӿɲûְѽ
̧ͷ棬żֺ⡣
¼ûӦ֣ĶƺҪߣֺһ
ϰ壬ҲһɣҪȻ˼һֱſҲ̫ãϾһҪأ˵ǲǣ
ʱΧк棬ˣ
ϰ壬զ°
·õģŹֿ
Ƕϰ𣿲ǿ˼ҼԸϰɣ
ҾпܣǼҵϰţС۽Сʱ͸ұһǮУȱһǮ𣿡

Χߴߴ˵ţֲ²ĻСк̲סһ䣬
Ҳݣӣ
⻰һˮ̵͹ڳ˲죬㶵Ŀֱը
үʲô
ţ濴ģȻǸ
ĸĴӦǴģ֣Сǰɲ֪
ǰôһ˵ˡС۾üëСӶ񡣡
֣ǿ¿ûٳɪˡ
ֶӻֱӴأޡҪĶ

֣׻ľľվ￴һУþ÷Ӧ
֣񡣡
֦ˣ
Ϊʲô£
ҡ
˵͵Ļ
˵Ϊʲôң
֦վǰۿ˫
ҡû㣬ҸǷޣ֮ǰʱֿ˵ǵͷ飬㲻ңҲŰɣ
֣ҽ͵
֦ＴµֹסˣŤͷǶĸӣʮ㡣Ⱥ۴ǣԽԽ˵ѣ
λ㣬ϴ˰ɣͷ飬ȥʡ
һĨҧȭŮʲôʸ˻ˣ
Ȼͷ飬Ϊû֤ǰ˾ϯȫ˶ȥˡһܹ֤֣ҪǸ˾͹˵
֦ȷǸƭӣ
Цˣͷһ˵˲֪Ҫ֤ģ˭ţ
ԹȺǿתٴը
ԭƭѽҸղŻء
ôСĺӳɹƭŮʯͷ𣿡
ĺӴ̯ôһ衣
ȱ湻Ҫġ

ۿŷ仰ͰѵǰƷת˵
㣬û𣿡
УæȥˣҲ֪ġ֣֮ǰҼŵһĸһ߾꣬ڼĻţǮ֮涼û¶ǰһ˵ڸˣżæŵشŶӸϹء
ԽԽģΧ۵ֿʼҡ
ŲƭӰ
ֿ˵ģҪ˵ǰ»û֪Ҫ֤
ɲǣϼҾµģö˽鶼û֤һϯԼˡ

֦ռϷ磬̲סһۣôô£
¼˵
Ȼ֤ͽŰɣ¹ףһӲŶˣзݸµ֤Ǵ֧Ӧܿ
֣񣺡
Ů涾
£ΪͬУҪң
֦Ĵ
һӪҵСʱĶõŷ˼㣿˲Ҫ̫ࡣ
¹
㡭Ҳǵļ£һ˻ٲĺá
˵꿴ĸ΢΢̧򢣬
ȻҪǾͺú˵һصȥⶪˡ
ݲɵ֪ڴҵ˼ƫҪ鳹׽Ⱥڵ
ΪʲôȥѲǷ飿
ʵ
ʲôģڿ˵⺢ģ㵹ó֤ѽ֤أѽ
֦Ѿͷˡ
ûˣʱѹû뵽֣ٻ飬Ҳû֤֮顣
֦Ϊʤ׷
ҲûʲôǮ˵˭ҵģҾ͸Ǯô
˭ϡĳǮ
СкͻȻݺݵĳһȻ͵˰һӣ֦ȥ֣һæ£һˤڵϣ˲ú۽ʵ
֦û°ɣ
û¡ǶӡӲ
ָСкҧгݵ˵
֣СңǧܷŹ
۸裬Ұֵģá
ƨǸ񾭲ҲǸ񾭲ɣ֣ŸʲôϽָҳ
һĬĬ˵˾䣬
鷳ȥɳŵȻ´ֳ
ڰɣ
شˡ
λأһȻô죿
¼͡
ǳɣŰھȥ
˵뿪ˡ
ǰͼ֦˦֣û
ٺģôǱ˷˰ɡҸ£û꣡
֦ҿǰһˤɵ˰ɣҺķ㷴һͷ˻дˣ
Χ˿˲һͬ飬ϵ֦֣⣬ûһǰ
ƨĺˣĸ϶ݺǵġŮ涾
֦Խ˵ԽԼԡ
̲ס˸ָۣ֣
ϱ۵̫ҿɲұ֣ҪǸ˾ԼʵȻɳҲͱҪˡ
ȥɳˣ
֣ˡ
ȥ𣿵𣿡
ݿ֦ĶӿʼĨᣬ
֣ôԵң׷ҵģ˵һӶҺãһҡŶ̶̼ľͱˣ
֣ͷĮ˵
λҸͲʶ㣬˿Ҫ׾ӵģȰ㻹ǸϽź뿪ɡ
Ҿ͵Ŷ׾ӣ֣湻ĵģ׶Ӷϡ
ݳ۶Ը⿴ˡ
ָԾ߬һҪ⸺ĺۡ
Ӻ󣬴žͬ־ȫˡ̾˿Ȼ֦̫û¡
̫ɶˣɲܷŹ
ʲôϵҶԸֲ֦
Ȼ֣ȷʵͦģʱȻ˵ʵ
¸ŴУͿһԼĪʮ˹ˣһķɿ졣һƾǹ
øϽ㣬ȻϷˡ
ˣøϽ㣬ȻλֶŮˡ
߽ȵĺ
ⲻ֣Ҵɩôˣ
֣֦ίίı˲ˣǰ߻飬߱
Ҿ˵ôĪðһĸ£Ǵɩɵĺ¡
޹
֦ˣҸǸͲʶλͬ־硣
˿֣ŭָ
ҵ;㲻ʲôöȰݺüҪ޸㣬Ѿͷ۶ֿá֣Ƿ򣡡
˵ɳȭͷҹȥ·ͻȻԱ˶ûӦ֣СӲ˼£۵ſڵһŲϺС
壬ˣ֪ˣˣ塭
壬㲻䣡ݴźǧ㣬ɵãڴ˵ƭӣ֣Ҳ̫ǶˡҲ
ȭͷϷ顱ͷƤ顣ĬĬ˺üվߣֻԷ𴽽ǣȫֻ
ﲻ֦ͦ˺ޡ
ˣϣ˰壬֪ˣҡҡݣˡ
һٿ޺ýĲýȫ˵ˣֳ˻ʲô׵ġһԴļͬ־ҲģϾɳҪ˱ôҲѴ̡
ˣϽס֣ҲʲôطܶŹŲŰǶ
ȥǿнһһ
֣ҾڳвϱԲԲӣ
ҡҡ
ſڵϡҡ˰Ҳû˵֪ڸģƢˣ
˵ڻ˵ʵǱңҿҽ첻ȫǰô˵ģҽǸ䲻ɡ
ͬ־һɣ˾ʹ˳ȥֱ֣˹ȥ


87  Ҫа   

һҽ, ԱߵĹͬ־̾˿Ȳû취
½˵
Ҫٴˣǿɰˡ
, ôôҪĶӶ, 硣
ͷֱ, ÿȥֻ, Ȼĸӻ֪۸ʲôء
Ҳ֣͸𣿡
Բ𹫰ͬ־, ʵ̫ˣûס
Ǹ̬ȳϿңҲˡ
ϵ֣ܿĵطȫ, ۾˫׵ͷһѪģʮҡ
ȿȣۡ
һѪ滹һ
û°ɣ
֦˵Ͽ޵ϡﻩƻڱŭе, ֲָǰǹڶ׼˺ˡ
ǷôңǸ˵ҪЦ˰ɣ
вҸ޳Թ, ֻҪҹ, ָ֣ء
°һۡ
˵, 
ãºܵĴɣҲҵͷ
޹ˡ
һĸӴһ˴, ǵ˭⣿Ϊ˶Ըңǻɷѿġ
Ǻǡ֦ܣú¸ôϾ˼Ҽҳˡ
һ
֦ҧҧ˼ڵ
Ҹ֣Ѿ֤ˣǲǺϷޡû֤λôôɡ
֤㡣
Цһ
УͰ˵ǰôô졣ȻϳĸǾȥסţʲôʱ˵ˡ
˻һ֦һӦ
УƾʲôҼңǲȱˣ֤û͸һҲ֪˭Ҫ
ֶ
㡭
ʲô㣿ҾԲסҼңİɡ
֦˵ǿֻֿ֣Էϱͷ̧
˼
ֵ֦
ǶǷᣡ
ָ޲˹ȥơ
ѽѽҿɻء
ͷͦͦ˿Ƿ
㡭
壡
ݸϽסҪ֦ʲôëԷ϶ҧǲš
Ҳµô컹ÿܵ˼
ڰѻϣԶҲͷ
ܣ¡ɩҲò֣Լôɡ
̧֣ͷԹƳһۣҪôֳӡ
ɩĸ費ڴɩøɡ
䣬߾ʹ֦ļ
֣ǲǱɵˣ˴ģ㻹
֦ŴɩẦҵģǶҲý
֦һѸƷ⻰˼ԲֱĿź
һƬž˵Ŀⶼϣ⡣

͵ʴ
ҡǡҪܲǮ
öҪ㣬
֦˵
ɩǮֶˣ

ˡ
üͷ൱ã
ӵƤ򰡣ȥġݣȻҪ㾡˵
ƳһԵ£³ЦЦ
˲˵һڵ
ʵĸûȥҶҲ˸ѧͣҪһǮҶӡ
ʲô˼
±˵֦֣ͺһ˿õԤС
ΨһҪҪ֣Ĺ
һᶨؿǡ
Աߵ˵֣

֪֣Ǹʽһ¹ʮǮء
ܣ⹤Բø㡣
һԣ⹤ôʱ䶼ûŪ֣һ·ܳŮƾʲô
Ҵɩ˵ĶԣǶԿǣΨС
һԵĹͬ־ѣǿǹӪʽôȰأ
ɣҲûʲô̸ˣھȥǹ쵼ٱӣǹ᲻ҪƷԱ
˵곶ŶӵŤͷ׼ߡ
֣Ͻ˹ȥ
ݣߣ֪ҶԲ㣬һ֮ͺ£û취ѽҰ˹ǲȥͻ䵽ͷϡæһֱûȥ㣬֦
ͷֹ֦
ôˣ
ҵģҡûѳסԡ
Թϣô㣿
±ʾ۽磬һԵĺҲ˼ĿͻȻʼ֥ͬˡ
һһĵĿŮôԼ
֦˵㣬ƻ˱˼ͥô˼ԭ䣿ߴߴһϣԼ˵ܺƵģſڱտҲҪ˭Ҫ˭Ҫ
һڶؿ㷢ȥˬˡ
֦Ķڵϣੲݵţ֣ͷβû˵һ仰Ŷˣڵķת
֣Ե𣿡
֣ͷҿ
ʲôԲ𣬶Եģ֦֮һ𣬲û˵
һؼҲš
ͬѧʱû棬ʱǴϣҵһŮͬ־Σղؼңûб˼
֣Խ˵Խֱ׳
¾ݺ֦ˣҪλŶԡ
֣ˣУҸƴˡ
˲һң֦ƢսһǿټиԴʱ̫ڷܿ˺һ飬ѷᡣ
ĬĬ˵ſڿ֣ĵҪаӾͺˡ
û뵽ÿүǶмܲס
֣ϱץѪӡˣȥſ
֣Ҵɩ㲻ȥҪ֪˿϶᲻˵ġ
΢΢һЦ

֦һ仰˵ˣĲϲ
ˣĺܡ㿴ⳡҵģȥûס鷳
һΪǹⱨ֦Ϸء
˻һ亹ð˳
Ǻǣôأ֮ϵõĺܣɱϹ˵
Ŷ֦һӲ㡭ţ
ЦԽδ˵꣬ȾѾˡ
ô֪ģ֥˸İɣ˭֪£
֦иһĨ⣬ϹôǮȻڱߣơ
뿪ܵҲˡ
֣񱾾ҵøˣ
֦ȻҴң
ľУ㹴ҵģΪ½飬ӶûҪڷˮ֣㵱֦۸ѽ
۾ͨ죬ŭָ޲ٳȥҧڡ
ǾѽҲˣ
֣ͬջѾõԹһȫˡ


88     
У֣С
֦Ļ, 
룬ھȥ
Ŵӵߡ
ͬ־һͷۣǿн˷ֿе⣬û취˹켸¡
զ
ȵĿʵ
һεָָ֦, զ, 
Ҳù, Ҷ֦˽ûô׽, Ҫǲ˭Ȱû˿, ϽȥͷҪ͡
ǲ˰ɣ㡣
ҪϷû
ǳɰɣȥȰ, ͷٸġ
쳤̾һ֦֮ǰȻûʲôԹϵҲ䲻ȵġ
֦˵
Ｘ˶ΧǸߣǲע⣬üͷս, 
ӣҪһǱҪ˰ɡ
Ƴһۺķʣ
ΪʲôͻȻҪˣ֮ǰ˵֣ѪѪ
ǵ, ǵ, ⹤, ҪõڱӣǡֳҴûˣҪǮ
ݵͷҿ, ЩΡʵԼ⣬Լȴô
ɩӣҾȰǮԶ繤ʵݡ
ǰݣʱɱɵ֣ɩ˵ˣǼûּңеǮǶ𣿾ܸ٣˼ʮǮɹͲһˣӪʽ쵱롣⹤һӳԺȲĸҲͷˡ
ֿʼ಻壬Ϻݺݴ¡ǸɵѾͷ
裬Ҫˮ೧˿ǮˣóԵġ
кҲݵȰ
üͷš𣬿ŻڲͣԹµ֦ʼԼܴϰѹ
ӣû㣬⹤ҪǲĻɾ䵽ˣʱҲˡ
磿
԰ûɩѾҲµĲӦǻؼҽˣҪ˶֣˾ͻһǴ˻ȥһΪݹ
˼һ񽥽ᶨ
ӣ壬˵Ķԣ˱˻һѣֲ֣ңҪǲͬҾȥٱ
ˡ
ο˵ԼֶŮ֧˭ġ
ϣ֣˿ٸֹ
裬ݺӡ
յ˵
СһͶȥشĸӣ˵ĸӡ
ƭ˵İɣôû˵֮ǰ飿ŸӾףȱ𣿡
뵽ȥ˵Ļֶ
ͷŸɾ㣡
ŭָŵһСһû˵
裬ø
С֦˵ָ֣ʼ
ղ˵Ҫ飬ǸŮһ֣ˣء
ȫӵ˶˲ס֣ӦѸٷ
˵ɶ֦㡭
ôˣĻ˵𣿴ҿɶأ㻹Ʊ硣Ҳܣòҡ
ֱ֦׳ָһǴ
ĬĬŮˡ
˵ģ
ѻ˵ֱˣ
ء裬Լ˵ĻҪ顭ءҵôôѽ
Ҳǡ
֣޵ͷۣпѱ硣
һЦĵ֪ϱʲô˰ɣǰϡ࣬ã
Ҫ飿
С㲻ؿȻϲ֦û飬οԷ˺ӣҪִǼҿɾͳûȥˡ
ҡ
ղֻһֱ嶯ѣ뷨ˡ
ֹ飬ֵx50%
ռ侫ĻеͻȻߡ
ţʲôôͻȻô񡣡
¿ϷͻȻϣ˵֦ûٽôͻȻô
ߵĻ˼ʹϵ仯ʱռ䶼ӦĵΪʲôᷢ񣬿ռ侫ûȨ޲ѯ
ӿ϶벻ˣֱӸɡˣǸx50%ʲô˼
ԵŶ׿˵顱ֲx50%˼ǣֱֵֵܽһ롣
֦ȻôǰСˡ
ǰһװǵĿ֦Ȱ
֦㻹أ㲻ΪԼҲΪĺ룬ѵճûаְ֣Ĳԣֲû취İøŮ뵱Ϊ˼޸㸶˶١
֦ʶ΢ĵСͻȻһ£ղôʱһ
ͻȻһ
裬ϽȥҽԺ飬ҵĶӣҵĺӣ¡¡
ղŻʢ˵ͻȻɫ԰ףŵڳ˸ϽҽԺߡ
³֣
ϱ㻹𣿡
ŽҲŵˣϽҡͷ
ˣˣ֦ǲ˺òã
֦Ӳһ˿ǽݺӣĿڣ
룬롣
Բܱ˱Ůˡ
ϲĿǰֵΪ300%ŬŶ
ֳûǣʱŻ
ʱ䣬ҪǻûϣҾȥ쵼Ƕٱǣʱ˭Ҫ
ҪͲҪܱ㣡
Ҫҵûˡ
УҾֵȫ˶Ϊֹߣƣ
˵꿴壬
壬ھȥ쵼ú˵˵˵ֺ֣ɩǳʲô쵼أֶӣ˵ƷҲզΡ
֣һ˲СæԱߵĺ
ϽסǣɶǺú˵϶ϱڿʼұ죬˵ͱ˵
ܹȥˡ֣ĹܲѾҪˣҪ֣ǿĹԲܶ
ӣһúģ¶
һ˳ȥº͹ںսֹţ
Ȼһ˲һţ֣¸֥񡣡
֦Ƕεߵڰʵôҿ۽磬ǹ죬ʶôãǾò˽
ЦЦش
ȷʵɩӣ˵Ǽһôõ𣿡
ʲôأǿǸʽһ40Ǯأֻ֣ҪɵͲó
´ˣʱڲſס£
ӣ̫ллˣ˵˶Աɸǣ㡣
ˡ
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õõģлҡ
ͷ·ڣ÷˵½Ǿͻˣϴһ
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ռ侫, ˵ղſ֮ǰվλõô, Ӧòûɣ
֪, Ҫֱӻؼȥ
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촽, ͻȻЩġ
ռ侫鲻ֻоһֱĪ
, ڵøѽ, ί
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Ҹղ˵ʲô𣿶Բӣ˵, ԡ
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ϣɡ

ϣ»صҸƿžŵŹǵζĽ˵ˡ϶Ǵɩģѵ
첽һͦθߴӰվڹһŲطŲˡŲŤͷһЦ
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Ҫѵ꽻ң
Щж˵Ǻ飬һܶ飬ܵ˵ʶʱ䲻㳤һôõĵ˵ииǰԼˡ
ҽ㣬ǧôӦңҪȻҶ֪˭
Ϊʵϣо飬Էġ
ҴӦ㣬֤׵ġ
ллҽ㣬ȥ˾УҸĵز
㣬ɶԼҽá

һ˵Ҫ뿪֦˵һû˯ã֮ǰԤ⣬֦ĺҪˡ


90     
ڶһ컹û, ֦Ȳ֣
죬¸½Ҫ뿪ǸϽȥǡ
֣Ժİ, Ҳ֪ûĻ, ֻɻ˾䡣
ȥǸǲг𣿡
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гҲȥ, ûȥ
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֦һĻĸ, Ťͷˮʪëϣ
Ͻ𴲣
žߴ
˯ŵ֣ëĴ˸飬˲Ѳ١
Դҩˣ춼ûء
Ҫȥ, 6Ļ𳵣ȥ˵ܶǡ
ˣϸҲʹ졣
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ʲôʱ򷭰ˣܲ𣿡
֣üͷŴˮ, ôҸʵ֦ܲˡ
֣, һǰ, ߣ
ʶô
ﳵţϲʱ򵽴վѾվ͵С̯ͿʼӪҵ, Ϻ˷
ʵİӶ
ȺĶС࣬ҹ

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ɣǿȥɣǾ⿴ǡ
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ռ侫˵⻰ʱЩʣΪʲôûôbugأ
ˣŶӻˣ
֦ÿ
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ǶӲףһųͿʼƹˤְã찵ʾԼ㣬ճֻܹ֡ϽҵѰһ
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·ݵľģáһ³߾ͳŸ־ζĽ
ֻϸһɫγͣǸǰ
½ų𣿡
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ҡ
СһϽ³˸
½ųãɩӺãǶŵС壬ԺҲľԱصǵġ
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СϽ򿪳ţñźӵǴɩϳ
ɩӣųţǸϽϳɡ
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˵½Ѿȫŵ˺
С忪˾Ժһ¶һӾⱼŽǰĺԺĽ
ӣ
š
Ǿ򡣡
½ڻ˵൱ǳ˳飬
㵱ĺԺǴײ˵򡣡
㲻Ҫ𣿻ͷǾȥӣкʵľ򡣡
ЩĶڴΪǮ
ĺԺķӲŶֻҪ飬ŬŬˡ
ۣ˵úѽ
˷װͺЬɶܸߣܸǮ͹ˡУ֮ǰ˵ҪˮֻҪܻߣŶ
㻹˵Ҫ˽ԻҵĽô𣿡
ת뿪½һͷˮԼľ仰˵ôͻȻô
½ڣҪŬҪ򷿣ȻԺŶȢ
½ڣ
ڡɣ
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ˣ
·ߴƤߣο
½ڴ߽䶫˵
ıǵȥ˽ҡ
ˢøеʱˣѼ


91  β   
ɶѽ, ½ڲѾѶ׼
˵
Ħǣ
ռ侫鼱еĿ
ðĦǸ
˾ʱսˣʹ˾ʹ̡ⰴĦ˵ĹЧ͸ˢøжȡ
ذɣôͷһ˵ĦˣҪô滹ҪҽԺ
·˸Ь׼ȥ
鷳ҪǿռƷĶϵᲢ, ǲһǸ߿Ƽʶô, ʲôʱƭ㣿
ⷽȷʵûƭ, 桭Ǻǣ
˵ŲҪ, ȴЬŤͷ佫ѹ׵İĦǷ˳
õʲô
½ںʵ
һѴӹ, ˵˺ܹãҴ˾ùȥ
Ѿ
½ҲǲţЩ𾪡
㲻ڵʱȥ˺, ҲǶʶģô󣬾
ʣϽߴ٣
߰ɣȥͿɲˣҪȻ˼һ˵ǲ
߰ɡ
ĲԶ, ·ҲͶʮӣ½ŶǣŹܿ͵ˡ
, ʲô, ˲ǡ
˼Žӭ, 
ɰ֣裬ðɡ
, ãǽȥ˵
˼µָ˵ߣ½ںͽںһŤһɰֽе鸴ӣʹܶ黹Щϰߡ
ȴеʮ˳ڣʮ顣
סǶװ޶ǳɳʮĽ
ⷿӷԺǮ
룬ǹҵķӣֹ
֪ǻһ¡
гĺԺ⣬ҲкܶǶġҪ𣿡
ʱˣȰĺԺԺֵüء
ĺԺ롣
Ұ۷ˣϽ¥ϸĦأ
˼䣬ռ侫˷ܵؽ
죬ѰĦǽ
ռ侫飬ǲ˷ܹˣ
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ô˵±㲻پᣬȵĽ󣬸æĦ˼
ϣҺҰⶫˣ죬Ͻȥ˾ԣûЧ
ʲô
˼İɫһãȻط˷һֶûУ֮һɫƿĳɫСԲۣƺ̶ġһĶ˵˼ˣ¿ʱ򶼻ԼǲǴ˭ոˡ
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á
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ʲôɿ޵ģôʱҶϰˣһҲۡ
Ϲ˵ͷð亹ˣô᲻ء
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ѾܾĻ˵ڣͱ»ϣ
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УҰͲء
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˸ˣ
һֱ˵һֱı鿪ʼ΢


92  ˲   һ 
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ð, оֲûʲô𡣡
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ǰͷ˵ҩĽҪƵĽţҲ
ɲǣҼſǿĲ, ԴӾûôܹ, 񳤵ĺϡ

, Աߵ
ռ侫, ˵ͷ˭
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Բ£ûͬҾͽҩ
ûҪ˼ܾȸҲܿġΪʲô˵ЧСΪҩƷʵɡ
һ˵ڣүӾͷ
ܣõõҩģƷʾû⡣
룬Ӱͳһ˲ηŵϣ
ǿܾɡ
֣˲ôҼء
û˵ͱסˣ
ꡭ˲Σ
ǰһ־׼ã˾ۼֿһĵֱϣ
ʲôأ˲Ҷˡ
Ȼ£
ŮۣҪˡ
⻰ŤŤҪǮûнֵҪǮԵҹϵ裬Ǿ䡰֡񲻳Ц
û꣬ԱλүӶˣ
ҹƽƾʲôߺţ
ǣҿ϶ߡ
˲μֵǳ󣬸Ҳ˷ѣûȥо
ޣҪأôҩĿ⻹ȱ˲Ρɵأ
ȥҩĿɣˡ

˳û꣬һ߿һҿռ侫æ
ô죿ǳˡ˲ε
ﲻǿռ仹ʮأҪһ˰ɡ
ռ侫ָͷԽ۾Խˣˣ
ʮȫóȷ
᲻̫ߵˣ
ɣ۸ߣҲ۸ߵ㣬һٿ飬Ѫ׬һֱǼ˲úһ󲨽ֵŬŬƷǾ߼ˡ
ռ侫ԽԽģЦֹֹס
£
⹷Ⱦħˣ
ҳ٣Ҫˡ
600
Ұ˰٣
һǧ˭Ҹߣ
һǧһҲ˵ҵ㡣

һǧһ죬ʮ˲ξһĺԺ쵽ˣ
һĺԺ˲䲻ˡʲôҪûУ
Ҷкü
û˵˺
ܶٸȫҪˣ
Ҳ̫Ƕ˰ɣȻ̡
ңǮУ

ǵûΪ仰סԽԽףҪơ
ԭһֱԱȰĽͺ˼ĸҲͣˣֱĿ£
£㶮ġ
޹գգۣ˼
λ岮ҶȰһ¡ȥҲǰ취ͳһһ㡣ڹʮ˲ΣƷʶһģ
£ȫҰɣұǶҪ
ޣ϶Ҫ
΢һ£ڴҶҪǲͶ1000һÿ޹ϻȵȵáô
ϵ˲Ҳ100飬Ⲩ׬ˡ
Ȼû˾1000ߣϾҩЧǰأ춼κõĶܸһı
ͬ⣬ǾôŰɣﻹȻȥˡ
үӵһӭϣĴҴߣøϽȥ֪ͨŶӡ
뷨һޣ׷ǣһӽҿ˾ߵĲˡ
׼뿪ʱ˾סȰ
ͱˣסҼңҶ˸ʰˡ
һ𴲣ȫҶŶӣЩͷȫ˿ա;ÿġ
ȻҲ֪뷨Цܣ
˾˲ζڼҵûȥá
ð죬½ڸ͹
ǿɲУ˲ż½ڲһڻô죿˾ģ϶ٵġ
˵뿪
˾ıӰ̾˿
Ѿͷ½Сͨ͸ˣĺӡ

ڶ죬ʰöʱſѾųһ
ѽˣ죬Ƕ׼ˡ
һλĳ˵
¿һʮİҲòǳЦЦǻӦ
˲ֻʮ˲Ŷˡ
ģ˲εġ
֪ʱʱѾųˣ˲βָָܵһ°ɡ
ֲǴܱҽԺҪȥֱȥǶˡ
ͻȻоһۣû뵽ｭβγô鷳
ҽã춼Ρ
Ļ²Ű첽Ž˲ȥ󣬻û˵һˡ
һȺں֣²ø
ϲɹѴѷţעա
ĿǰĽֵΪ60%߼ʣ640%
Ƿͨģʽ
ʲôģʽ
ģʽָǲҪԿռԶָոֲգȡȵһϵв
ˣˣ
ռ侫鼤д󺰣ֽһ
ŶͶأҲԶ̲𣿡
¡
ºҪô嶯ϾǿǺ顣
ռ侫ŴŴŽֻϧڱĻе²ûֳԵЩ졣
µͷһ۸첲ϵļƤġס
ܱôӦ̫ˡ
ռ侫飺
ǸûκȤŮô죿
Ѵ
ѴѴ鿴
ȥǼһͺˮĹߡ
ռ侫飬Щӵʲôãһˡ
ЩǸӣȻֽͨҲǵͱ͸ߵûȵġǰһ޿ˮ߾͵Ļ糢ʹÿռ͵ӡ
°ͳĬ˵
ռ侫飬ǲǿҪ뿪ˣ
ǵģֻҪռôͲҪռ侫ĹˣȻҪ뿪
ָ֮
ô죿û˿ռӳ֣ЩӵٸߣĳƷҲ϶ǰǸʱ򷴶ҵĿڱ
õģռ侫뿪֮󣬿ռԼʹãֻֲûܣǹ˾ҲΪκν
ǵԡɰɣѾõһƿ˭ˣ

󣬾оԺ
ŵζ㰡еõ壿ĸо
ҲŵˣζƮ˿ʮӶûɢ˭ϵ֪𣿡
֪·˺ü鶼ûųļҵˮ
᲻ǳӹģ
ӦòҸղŴ߹ŵĲζ

ͷƵЦ߹ȥ
˵ʲôأô֡
һս˲мŮΧ˹
ֻˮˣ
ͷβסĽ
ţˮұôfҪ̫ˣҿ϶ԡ
λզ࣬
Fӣÿ
ô˵ȴһ뷨


93  ź   
ǻһ, ϶żʧͬ˵˼˲䵭ࡣȻûз֣ҫõĳ谮
ұ֪ҽҪѡŮصشӹҴһƿˮһȹӡ
Ǻ, ÿ
ѽѽ
ЦЩ, ת˸뿪, 
̨ݳһûʰ, ģȹȥæˡ
ǱߵƼû֧, Ҳˡ
ȥ̨ġ

ֻʣһվκͰա
ʲôǲԸ˵𣿶ʲôţ
Ļصױ, һõζǼ⣬̧ͷȥֻһȺΧһ𣬻ױӡŵǽԲĶ쵰
ԲԲˮҲ̫˰ɣĶѽ
һ۵Ůֵһֻ͸źɫҺĲƿ
εƿƴ󣬸һֻɫĺ, һǳ¡
ҽҵģֻһƿ
ԲЦŽˮûԼźáŮƲƲ쵹Ҳû˵ʲô
ãܰĶ𣿹ҲҪ
㶫ܡ
ǰ, ԲԲ, ¡
ʵҽԼ, ûۣҲ֪Ǯһȥٸǡ
ллԲԲ, ơ
һ黨ԲСĸ첲
ԲԲôû˵нѽǹǣ׬۰ɣ
ǰĳ
ʲôϵֻʼ۶ѣҪ˭ңɲҵġǶûʲôʧ
ԲһƽȥǺĳҭ¡
˳⣬ɫˣ
ԲԲû˼㡣Լģ
˵ţȴ롣
ԣõƿĵһƿ
ԲȻܸм¾˽˲ûʲôֱϣͻȻһƿˮԭֻǰӲŲþܾû뵽һ˲䰮õ㡣ͬϵˮζȻŨңۣ̱ǣ־á
֮ԻΪʶԲ
Ů˽һڶ죬ΪȫֿȵŮǣʱĺӱ󣬹װֽ϶ƵӰ
ֻһ̤ȦС͸۲ߣ²͵ļ۸ǩԼˮѪ׬һ
Ϊʲô㣿Բǿ϶յඩҪ㣬һ¿ɾҪæˡ
ҪôඩʲôߵǸ·ߣ㶮𣿡
ȻӶûӴʲôݳƷ˽Ǹҵܽһ¾ǣӪ
ˮǸݡͼᡷģռƷƷȥҪľǡ
˽Բ֮⣬һƿٺζĸ˼ò˶ãˮͻСΧڴ򿪣ʱûж
ֻǸݲܻͣӰֵ
İɣġ˵үһǿġĥŴһƽˮǰǣǵйȻһ˸һ̨ߣҪ
ͼᡷйˮͼֽŶҪԶֵ֣Ϊ50%
Ϊʲô˵ҪҵҴֹĻ50%ֵҲ̫˰ɡ
֮ǰûУҾһ£һ̨ǽһΣ֮󲻹̨ǲֵġ
£
ۺڻǹ˾ѽ
50%Ľֵˣ100ˣɣɣͼֽܿġ
ҧҧ
У졣
ͼᣬŻ飬ȴʮ־ϸͼֽǰͷͣʮӺʼùġ
ռ侫飬ҿ̫ܲСȻһӣһҲСѧˮƽҪȻ˰ɡ
ŶѾȷءʱ䣬⼸ͼֽͻԶʧԺɾûˡ
£
Ϊʲô˵
ţʲôʱȷˣ
Ұģôİɣ
mmp
ôһѲϣҪȥĶңҵ纸Ҳûѽ
ԽԽͷ
ռ侫鶼Ѿ滮ˣЩĸҵ
Ҫְ𣿡
Ѱ˾İ԰ĦǵʹøзǳãҲָ˺ܶ࣬ôء
ðɣġ
ͼֽתͷȥ˽ң˾˵ӭȥ
߶أæʲôҲ￴
һˣǶûڼңԸԲԲ˵˼仰ˡ
¸£»ЦжŲ͵߹Աߡ
ԲԲ˼˼˵һһƿˮһ㣬ϵڻеء
ΪƽʱˮԴͱĸ㡣ȻϲҾͻˮɡ
˼æ͵
ͱģ㻹ʲô
ǰһһء
ͣģĶС
˵ˣҪô죿
С˼Цһ
콫ٺˮһ͸ôϲҾһƿˮɡ
ϣҵСް̫ҵ˼ˡ
Ҳ
˾һ˯Ů˵ûκȤҲȫǸˮͦŵġ
΢΢ĻԿ˿
˺һƳ۰Ľ˾Ժǿռ侫ż
Ҫٲ˯ˡ
裬ҽһǰæ
ʲô㾡˵
ģһЩһ̨ˮ
䣬˾һѵ۾ɴ𾪵Ŀ
˵ʲôҪûЦɡ
±һбҪô
ѶȲ󣬶ͼֽ
˵ͼֽӰóݸ澫ϸݣͼý˾զࡣ
ⶫĶŪģ
֮ǰȥ̸ʱһСԵģ˵Ҵˮ⣬󣬿Ҫһ
Щڴ󲿷ֹӪ˽Ҫϼѡ
־æҰˣýȥ
ǽСӡ
ллɰ֡
㣬ҿɶİĦǣҲˣҲࡣǼϼһ㿪ҩ˲١Ǵ˲Σֱһһ
£Ƕܲٸұ֤κ֪
ʹŶŵ磬ҲֻĸһʣŴеĻš
⡭һɡ
˾Цˣ֪Ѿͷ϶д˰ɡ
ҸǮƷء˵֮ǰСԵǸ˼ʮ飬ȥҼǷ㲻ء
ղŻ˵Ҳøҿˡ
¼װ˵
˾£תЦЦһ̾
ʵ̫ʵˡ
ռ侫顣
浥ˣʵϣҶȥˡ
·˸û˵
㶮ʲôǰҲҳ̫ߣȥ룬˲αͲοǻڿռ¶ˮģҩ˦ͨ˲ΰ˰Զ˵1000ǮټӸҲֵ
ڿռ侫ⶼʲôϡͨǿ
ڽҲ˸緹»ؼҼˮ½Ҳմ˲ζһѵǹֱұǿꡣ
˶𾪵ĿС̲סսʵ
ųȥʲôطϵζе㡭е㡣
ţ㣿ʲô˼
Ŭ·ţûųƽʱһζ
ѾϰˣŲȿȡɩû˵ʲôòȥͽͣ
Сĵʡ
ţ˵ʲô߰ģҪеû¸ȥʮ
С壺
ųôôأ
ųûԼʲôһ𣿡
ʲôһ
½ԼˣˣҪȥϱ׾ͣãһ
СһϵӣĴս˵
ųϺ㰡
½ڣ
˵ʲô
ȥʮ
Ҳ롣ų˵Ķʵûִҿû졭ıһֱڰʾ𣿡
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ԲҪ
Ҫ
첽ȥһűصʵʵ
¸оЩĪƳһ۷
ҪͲҪ£ôʲô
ڶ죬½ڸճžˡϮˡĽı
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ı
ôô໰
ս½ڣûиԼһĻ㣬ͱԷһƿˡ
鷳ıע㣬֮ͥ²ҪôϱͲˡ
˵뿪
ı
Ļడ

¸ϵһžֱ칫ҡ˾ǰк˳ʮ顣
˵ͬ־ͼֽҿ𣿡
ȻԣкܶҶ鷳ﳧָָܸ㡣
˵˵ҩҰöˣǰЩҲûٷһֱһл㣬ҰæҪС¶첻ãȥñȰ
ⶼǾ֮ͣô
Ǿˣմ˯˸ͷ
Ҷ˵˲ƭɡŶˣǰҵĶҪ߿ˣҪСЩݲ̫ԡ
ʲô˼Ҫ߿ʲô𣿡
Ҳûˣû취ɨֻܸΧĻݽдԹ㡣
Ľأ

ռ侫Ҳˡ

ȷ
˲˼㡣
»ȥ˵ɣȰˡ
Ŭסﳧֿ⣬
ͼֽϵﶼУװĻҪʱ䡣ƷԷģһҾḻʦ
ҡܸѧһģҾԲǵҵġ
⵹ģֻû뵽һŮͬ־ȻֹȤ
ﳧ
˾Ǻ棬ʲô֣Цˡ
ûʲôõģ಻ѹһʦ㡣
ллﳧ
ˮget
Ϊ˲Ƕ´ʮֵľѧϰ
ϵͳɨϣֱӸĺߣװɶ+20%
̾˿
ռ侫飬ԺҪǲҿôѽ
õģֻҪƷ̶Զʱȡá
ǹ˾ģ
ٺ٣⻹һοء
˿ռ侫ı֤Ѹֿ֣׼ʦĿɿڴƿ޵
ͬ־㿼ְǸһÿ¹50ǮĹʶߡ
ˮƽҲһ
Щš
ϣ϶ֱֽʵǳ˼áͬ־ǰҲڸ𣿡
Ц
ǣҵһθֹ
ʦ°Ͱκϲ£ĿİͰʵ
ܰɣ⼼ôҲѧ߰ꡭ
ģﳧ
˵ĵͷɻ
ϲget¼ܣֵ+20
ռ侫飬ò˵ŵζã
ʱﳧصعĽȣʦੲݵĿ£
ͬ־ôõļҪǲϽǳСıߡ
ﳧΣ
˼ģ¿㹤ʡ
˵ģ˵ԺеˮһƿǮ
뵽Լϱ߶ҹ¶һƿ
ͬ־ˮûˣ̫̫죬Ҫокãһȥһ
ﳧһЦĿ
¶۸вһڴӦ
Ҫƿϸ͹ȥ
ƿ͹ˣǮھø㡣
Ҷˣְңһƿ͸ʮɣ鷳ﳧȥｻһǧѼ۸˵
ףлˣ
½ǮڴһԵʦٴα
ԹϣǮĿףѹ㿴⹤
ף
ҡҡͷ̾˿
Ҫôɵ⣬Ǵ˭
˵Ҳǣѽ
ɻ

󣬿Ѿ͵Ļ˿
ϸˮgetֵ+50%
ĿǰֵΪ230%߼370%ͣ
ôˮ;ڿˡĻܾ
ռȼԽߣԽаȫС¼϶϶һһӵôܻ׷Źء
ʱѾ·ݣ81ĸ߿ʱ75ţʱ䲻ˡ

СӴ¼ҡ
϶ôˣ
ӶſڳԷһ̧ͷԼҶվǰһĿ


94  ĸ   һ
ˣ
϶·һı䡣
, Сڼˣˤװɻ, ԵĻ, ûļϱһ
Թ, ͱ·᲻ͷĴˡ
Ǯأ
, ۼҵǮ˵ǼֻˡһȺ, ҲǸʲôö
·ȥˣһ뵽ôǮȫĿڶµҪ
ģ
½϶ˡ
£Ҳơ仨ڴҫ¸ĻĶ, ΪǼұûٱЦ
½ҲʲôöȢ˸ĵޡ
·ÿԼǼʵ̧ŽԺҳԶ̸̸ߵ˶ŷʶüʵ
˭ѽ
㡭Ƕɣ, ԶȢϱ
´ģñȳԶãһ, Ǳ鿴, ôϲ
·üͷĸ, 
أ
ݳԷأûҪҸʢ㣿
ãʱѾԹˡ
Ŷ, á
󲽽ݣ˼һתŤͷȥ˴ſڡ
ŷֵͻȻæк
磬ѧУżôͻȻˣ
ˡˣ
·ʵóԶﲻ
һҲû͡һԵĳżֱ˵
Ƕˣ
ͷβ˵һ飬·ɫɲôãȳ¼˵õֿڣ
֣衣Ҵμӽĸ߿ǸҵǮһȥ׼׼
³Ǹո˶ʮǮզȱǮˡ
Դ¸Զ󣬳¼ҵˮƽ½˲ֹһǰ㡣ҳ·һֱ¹Ӧţ¼˼ûв֣ûѹҲŴ࣬ǮǴＷģ˳·ͷҲǰôԣˣ
˫˫ɻĿ˾䣬
磬㲻֪ôڲš
·Ƴһۣ
ԭΪڿЦһֱû⡣
Ŷ
˵˳¼ˣϾǰûٱǰûʲôӦôô
Ƕôţ·ˣ
ȥ˯ԡ
˵˷䡣
һߣ̲˵
ʲô˼ң
ôᣬʲôõĻԻʡ
Զ͵
ֻǻʵĻõ𣿡
ʡ
ʲô˼
һԵĶɩˡ
ûʲô˼Ǿǰͷλͦбµġ
˵ꡰžҲ뿪
ԶЩͷۣ
ɩһʶ
ɩһ
ĸѽ
һ󰲾Ȼµĺá
·ڴϿľͷ˼
磬鱻Ű鷢ˣǸŮֱӴ򵽹˾ȫ˸ɾͷһѣû뵽ԷļʱһͷԵ˴ʯذϡ
ٴԼص81߿ǰʱϴѧꡣ
ڴﻹʣǮһꡣϱһֱѧҵȻǮҵƲ㴴ҵɹмȻٲµİ
ΪʲôⱲͳԶأ⣿
Уܵˣ취Ǯ
׼ȥǼҡ
ճžײ˶ɩ
ҪȥĶ
ȥһˣ
·ø˵ô࣬ڷ뿪ˡ
ɩıӰۣתȥ
Ǽʱϵι̱ڴݣ·ˣ
⡭զ£ô̱ˣɩأ
ϵõĿ
ǹҲİɣҿɸ㣬ҼھأҪǸ鷳Сʰ㣿
⣿
·᲻̫ţϵһǴɩĻͨͨ˵һ顣
·뿪ʱ˶ˣôˣôϱȫһ

֡ע⣬·쳣ɹ
ڳ²ҭ
ˣ첻ѽ
·ϱӻӮңϴѧҵƣһ䣬ʱ򣬳·ѾȫʡŵϺŵĸˡ
Ȼ
ƽ
鵽ȶ
Ҫô룬·˵һǺ¡
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ϱǰ㣬ңԼɶˡⱲûܲ𲽻һأ
ռ侫鰲ο
´˴ϡ
˵ĶԣⱲӿɱָҰһòŲܳڶ
ͣҿŶ
ȥַ
ͨ˵öˡ
ɫͣһԵǴɩ˵
£ָҴ绰ˡǴۼĵ绰ǴԺſǼҳеġ
ʲô𣿡
ѾܾûϵϢˡ
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ҪǮģô
ɶҪǮҪĳ¼ˣ೤ʱˣȢϱ˵ˣôҪǮޡ
Ǵɩվ֡
ˣɡ
ɶҪĳɼܿϴѧҿ˵ڰŵء
Ǵɩһġ
˵׼
Ͼˡ
Ŀӣϴȥ
ش˯󣬷·һء
ռ侫·˼Ѫɻ
ַѾѡãҪοһ𣿡
οɡ
һ˯ѣռ侫͸ôһϲ
λȻƫƧԼ۱ȷǳߡ߳£۸ֻҪǧ
ռ侫ͼƬԺһİ塣
ˡ
֮ǰҩүߺھҽԺãֹĿǰѾʮλʹûˣֻҪȬռֱ߼ҪҪٶţĿһ㡣
ռ侫鿴̵Ľ쳣
²˵ʣ
ô뿪ң
Ȼܺã˭Ҫأ
뿪֮󲻻Ҫɣҿ뿪ҡ
ÿһҾͿаϢʱ䣬ͺɡˣϣѾڼԺִϷˣ
£
ǸŶˡȥŬ
鲻ãռ侫Ͻο
Ҳ˵㱿Ͼ˺˵̲һûҪԼ̸ߵ˱ȣ˵ƽ
£
ллȫҡ
˵ˡ
ҪſģϾǵɣ㿴ҶѾƽˣҲż
죡
һɫԽԽڣռ侫黹ο

ĸ죡
޿̣̣


95  ˣ   
ռ侫ɪɪ, ղ˵ʲôΪʲôô
ҩȥҽԺүӡ
ЩζԼҲû˵ôɡ
б
õ, Եȣ
, ҩѷ, עա
ͻȻļֽ, 緹ֱҽԺ

ҽԺ
ô죿˴Ѫ, ǡǡ
Ȳˡ
̨ϵĲʱɫ԰ףһϢĿǣ⻰̽ץסԴ, þȫ˵
򣬾Ⱦҵĺӡ
ĿأϾγȣ
ƺǲ˼ʱ򽥽ɿ, Ҳ˻ԡ

ʱһȺ˶ſڣһλŻ㲻ĸŮָһʿƿڴ, 
ǲҪЩҽʲôãҪǺӲܳ, Ҹûꡣ
ʸܻܿҪ˲, ǡ
ʲôҪ𣿸Ͻʣ
һԵ˵ͷǽߴͷβûȰһ仰ʿĵĿһۣŤͷҡ
һүӿ첽߹, ˸һ棬˵
Ҳ·Ͻ
˵˾ͽȥˡ
£
ռ侫飬үʲô˼ѵҽȥ
Ǻ°㣬һ̵Ǻֵġ
ʲôЦֲǽš
˽Ȼʱһֱռ侫ҽѧ֪ʶҲڿҩ˰ɣ
ȻһԵСʿԸһקסϢܡ
죬Ұ㻻·
£
ǸѼϼܰɣ
ָ㣡
ռ侫Ī˷
һң¾ͱǰһĻˣ˵ʲôͱһѳǰ
ܵİ˲ó
æӿڴͳ˲εݸԵүӣүҡҡͷ
ûˣٶûˡ
˵곤̾һ
ȶĺӰɡ
ооȣ˲һ
ᱻɣ
¿үĵĶЩɡ
ģңоȡ
á
ƴˣ
һС˲Σûעֱһˡ
λҽֱŭ
ڸʲôһѽ
ס̬
ΪһǲŸӦƴһѡ
ĺӵȲˣٵȥһʬʱ㸺𣿡
ִʱһʹӲ﷢˿ȥֻԷҧһС˲λ۾
û
ŸϽѽ
º
үָ
¶ˮιһڡ
ںӼ¶ͷʱֵֿʼ½үӿ£
ٸһ˲ΰɣ֧Ųס
ҡҡͷ
ѾһСأٳҲûˡ
ǰιһڡ
Ȼһ룬ָֻ˲١
һСʱһӤҴô긾Ů˲ֹסС
˵Ŀⶼҵš
үԱź߳
ĸƽ
ܣ
Ƽʶļг
Ůûʧ
ҴҸذ
֣ˡ
ұ죬ҪŮи̣Ҹҵš
ؼҪżȥģҪھײǻ֪ԼŮûˡ
찲㵱Ȣʱ˵ĻҲҪеʱ롣
ؼҴسĿ찲һ첲Ƥسжʶģ
磬ˣҲܵ磬ɡɸղҽ׿˵ûˣɷ˭ʹ࡭
˭˵ûˣղŲѾ˵ĸƽ𣿡
±ĿǰУһߣΪŮȴʱʱ̿
ޣ
ؼǹŶ԰ǣˢһøжȡ
ȻҪˣиͲ顣
ʲôˣԲ𣬴磬֣ʵ̫ˣҡ磬磿ҿϱҪȷû¡
찲һ۵Դ￴
ֱһĹȥͷƲһԣ˿ֻһģ찲ȴоͷײʯͷһԹ˵ġ
˵ȷû£ˣҽԺֳ֣谭ˣѾˡŰɡ
ˣʲôʱ£
үӲĿʵ
ʱ˸绰ġ
ɵƯ
ҪǸղۿĸǶҪижˡ
ɶΪƾɶλҶϱҳôˣǹǶƨѽ
˵Ƿȴ˵ģڳĿɶˡ
ֱһ仰ס졣
ĸҲ̲סˣųȥ
Ƽû꣬ҺŮҽȥҲҪƴˡ
ѸŤһ𣬽ƼΪһʱûз·硣ϰ˺üƲ˵ӻݺץѪӡӣ۵ֱ졣
вɣŮǲģҶԸȢؼһ˴£˵ˣӶúõģôô£Լûңޡϡ
ˣҽԺﳳʲô
үʮĺǳ
ϾȫĴ֣һ˶˭Ҳܵѽ
˼ˣЩעλǽ⣬˲ҩģԼ۸ᷭüȻ˰ѵӸ͹ȥ
һ⻰Ƽ
ʲôҩģûãҲܣ˽ԼӽȥԼ͡һǮҲõġ
ؼļȭͷֱˡ
أǳֱ飬û
衭
찲ˡ
裬ҿɵǼϹۣôĹεĶޣ
ؼΧ紲ߣĸ򱻼һӵ
찲һ˿ûڣ飡

ûٹעҵ£ү칫Һ󣬶ԷĿڴ
ǸɫˮܲҿģҲߡ
Ƕʵ̫ˣһھͰѿ첻˴ӹŹ˻ܷŵճҽУ¾Ȳˣ
´󷽷ظ
ҩˮֻʣһƿΪҩıȽң޷̡
˵ˣүֻЪ˼תĿŵ˲ϡ
˲λ𣿡
һֱΪֻҩԱͨ˲κһЩڿֹǺһЩѽֱһһ¡
УֻʣµҴԼ£Աʱ֮衣
үĵͷ
ǵΪԼ㣬ˡ
϶
סˣҽǸҩģЩá
үӽӹҩֶЦЦת뿪
Ѳĸɣ+100%
ôࣿռ侫飬ѵôѽ
죬οֵһЩ
ĿǰֵΪ560%߼40%ͣ
ߣȥ
ˮѾˣȹװ޺ãͿʽ
ʱ䣬ڸ߿
ڹתһȦ⣬
ϰأٱһ㣬ҾҪˡ
ӣ8000Ǯ治࣬ǵĳҲˣ߳µģҪǽϾɣˢһͿԣҾʲôȫ㣬ԼҲҪ󼸰ء
κЦ
7800ô⳧˵߳£ϾͷأˢҲҪǮ
ۣܿҪǳҪ7800ˡ
ɽڿǩͬ𣿡
²УҲҪȵ죬ϰŮӣȫҶȥҽԺˡ
ӣϰʲô
ôɰɡ
أذ
£
ôɣղʱǸ긾Ůذ
ôʶ
μԾ̲סʵ
ͦԵֵġ
˵ʲôţ˰ɣʡһǮˡ


96  ռѷ   
ؼ˵֪򳧷ԼŮľ˺, ۸ֱӱһ롣
4000Ǯ᲻̫ˡ
Щ˼ȻԼ磬ϾǮͽֵġ
ˣ㰲Ű, Ůҿǧ𲻻Ҫ㡭, ǶԺ˵, ҩǳ, Ǯ򲻵̫ллˡǺţ
, жĨᡣ
»Щؼ˼ֻ֣ˡ
תͷһ˲θ, 
ȣָܻˡ
Ժ˵Ǹ˲Σ
ذչĿʵ
ţҲֻ࣬һˡ
ذˣ˵ԺҲֻӹ˲δһӡ
۸ٸһ룬ǧ, ھǩͬ
£
Ǯţ
һѣջǧļ۸׳ؼ˻Ƿǳм, ԼĲࡣ
º, ͷĸŮһ׻Ʒ
, ҷȻҲġ
£
˵ʲôƨ
ǰû𣿡
˵ʱûУˡ
ϲɹ, ߼ѷţעգ
ĿǰֵΪ70%˼630%ͣ
ʾͼᡷѸ£ݣв鿴
ˣѵֽʲô¶
ռȼԽߣȨ޾Խ࣬硭
磬Ҳ鵽˽ҵĽֵ
°һۡ
㲻׼ҽһ𣿡
ҽͣռ𻵣۵Ľֵȫ޸ռˡ
𻵣ʲô⻹޲ƷأͶ߰ťģҪͶߡ
¶Ǹɫť֡
ռ侫鼱æס
ҽƱ硭ǣҽ͡㻹ǲǵǰʹΪʲôռᱬը
ǵãǿռҪը𣿿ڲ߼
ݷˮĽֵҩĽֵѾʮԣϵͳҪǰռ侫鳷ģʽռѷ쿪ʼѿ
ռ䵽ʮʱѷܹʹռ侫֪ͨΪʲôռѷٶȷǳ죬ȥյ˼ҾֱˡҪ۳ֵάޡ
䣬ûпڣռ侫ҲЩܣʱһˣٻһЩġ
ģû취ҲŬŵ·뿪ġ
𣿡
˼֡
ռ侫008ģ
ռ侫飬Ժˣֵ۾Ϳ۰ɡ
ǰܾþռ侫ˣҲûκӰ죬һļ̲סĻš
ռ侫ҲòȥȫûаѸ⣬뿪
ſռѾѿ20%ķ϶ĬĬ̾˿ֲ̧һ¡
۳50%ֵ޲ռѷ졣
ռѷ޲05%
֣ռ侫̲סʱ
ռ϶ѿ20%
ռ侫飺
ģӵ50%ֵ
ŬɣȻҪˣᣩ
£
ɥ
֮һ½ڷԼϱˣÿ飬ֶŵ
ſվŴСϱǶζӲѽֵ˼ԺԾֲ
ÿؼҶĻ
˵ռҵĶϱ϶ɼܣ϶Ŵ˵󻹱һŴ¥ˣϳŶ׵ġ
֪£飬˵ֵȥˡ
ļٵģϣ濴Ҷϱƽͷηηģû뵽˽ƢôԼ˶Ҫ˭Ҫ
˭˵أ

½ڿ˿ͬһװʵ
˵Ҫˣ
ڣţ
Ҫˣô֪
˵ϱɼܣ¥һˤñף
ŭˣ
ƨ˭˵ģ˭ģڲ֪½ڣĹϴҲܣȥ壬Լˤģϱġ
½ڵͷ
˼û˵ѽϱ¥Լˤġ
ڣƣ
ˣ˵⻰˾ҼſŲˮҪҪһȥ
ҪӦڣȻ뵽½ſһϱ˲ηˡ
Ը˴ܣԲȥһȺǶģĸ顣
ȥˣһؼҳԷҲϽȥϴϴ˯ɡ
˵ñȹ졣
½ĬĬһû뵽ߵſھԼҥԡ
˵½λųϱ۵ģҿŶۡ
ɲļϱƵæøһŰ¾һȦˡ
Ҫ˵͸飬ҶӲͷԽܸ
ޣ˼ҲϲСģҶӱʮ꣬⡣
˭˵ģ׿ڸ˵ϲСģᣬۣ㶮

½ڣ
·ߣñ䡣
˭˭ˣ
һæ죬Цк
½ųˣҶżǼҷζˣʲôҲûؼҳԷȥˣģˡ
ҲûؼҳԷˣӻأˡ

ſڵ˾ܵ߰˰ˡ
½ڻصҿڶ˷£ϸһôһˡ
±ûë̲סʵ
ôң
ˣ
ţ
ϲ꼶Сģ۵ģ

⹷˷ʲô裿
ۣڳԴװ
ռ侫鼤ļ
£
ڷɧ
Ťͷ˳һ̲˶
ҴɩŹȥиĺûȳ԰ɡ
á
½ϴϴ£Ȼ
֡
⡣
飬ˮ㡣
ι𣿡
¿ＴðĲˣ̲ס˸ۡ
ǲȺ˵ʲô
š
½Щί
˵ϲСģ۵ģ˵Ҫ顣
ޣ
£
𾪹ͷο
ģİɡ
ȥȺ˺úˡ
ڶ½ٻʱſѾָƽƮڽֵϵҲ˲١
뵽¸ɵģ࿪ˡ
³ЦЦ˵
ӽ쿪ʼҾͲڼˮˣԺҲٽŲˮšЩϡ
š
ϱãж

ת۵7·ݣ˺һŹ¶һɫ5֡
·ᶨֱɩŻع
ʲôأ졣
ɩһ˿
·Ƴһû˵ŤͷǰʰԼĶԵĿԼԺһĻⱲܽȫѧдѧϱȥѧУ
ȥӦҪǮ㿼ҴѶӽӻҴ˰Ҵɩе㲻ˡ
ȥûǮ
˵꣬ͱ·ԥľܾˡ
ǰ첻ȥǼûǮ
ɩ̽ʵ
·һ˿˼֡
ң
Ҿ뿴ϳȥɶΪɶǼܣǲȥ£
ɩֻҪһͷͶ¡
ǣ¡
ϴѧ͸Ů顣뵽ϱΪԼŮ˰뱲ӣԾ˼ɱ⡣
оΣգɩ͵һЩţ
·ᣬҼ޸ô꣬˸ӣôңŮô
ܱܲ˵Ҹûϵ
ûϵûϵղôңΪ˵䣬ôţ½󰡣Լ˲Ҫ˵ˡ
ɩԽ˵ԽߣܿͰѳ¼˶˹
仰ʶԶ
ԶüˣһôͬĿ
ǰ޿治򵥡
ζ˵
ôҲϹ˵
Զ̫Ѩͷֿʼˡ


97  ѷ   һ
, 㲻ỹǸŮ˰ɣ
ҧ
˵ʲôҪʲô¶
µŵҪôܻ
Խ˵ԽңԶŤͷԼ䡣
, ·᲻ͷĽеݺˤ, 顱һ, ŵĶɩ̲ס˶, üۼҲɢ˲١
ֻתͷĶ
߿, ҪΪ㿼ˣҲ㡣
ɩȶĸˣһ뵽, ֻˣֻǻûüڣӾͳ˽ָ
ʲôأʲô϶߿ӣҪٸھʰ㡣
·˵
ȻҰɣæȥ㡣
ɩ, 
·ᣬҡҸղ̫˵˵㡭ܲܡ
ܡ
·һĮؿ, 
ڶ˵߿Ҫ, ˭ܴ, ʰĶˡ裬㿴
˵걧뿪˷䡣
ɩڵʹޣһЦ, ɪԼ˶㣬ǺǣٶǲҪ㡣
죬·ڿˮѲߵļ࿼ʦԾ̲סޡ
صȥǼңֹϵЩͷ
ҼҸɶ
ϾҪȥϴѧˣ뵽ҲھУ費ҪҰæ
һǴѧϵ̬˸һٰʮȴת䣬Це˵
ѧɶʱϴѧȥȻϡ
·¶ָ߰
ˣ壬Լ԰ɡҽ費ҪԶ£֪ͨҴȥһˣʱ԰æ
ϵ˼ҡҡͷ
òã²ȱ
壬ȱȱ£û£ϾǸŮ˵ìܣѪ黹ڵġ
⻰϶ȰöǼͨ绰һ˼ˣϵ̾һɾܾˣ
·ᰡ壬ллĺ⣬Ӷ¶˰ɡܰҸɩԾ仰˺üε绰ûӡ
ɣ˵
֪ôӽµĳ·ᣬһ⻰Ӧˡ
˵ˣܲܶĻǮµҩǮˡ
á
·صң￪ʼҪǮʡ
Զھе´ʱȴæˣ
칫ſڶһȺҪˮˣ
ϰ壬Ǯǿʮ̣ɱǰͷǼҴˡ
ǼǶ࣬ɲ˵ѽ
ɲ˵ôˣɲ˵ľͲˮˣ
ˮڻױƷʲôģ
ǣǼֺţѩȫϰ壬ҾԱǼֵߡ

Թ˵ģҲû뵽Բһ󣬻ô̼š
ѷԽԽˣҪ㻹Ǵǰɡ
Ҳѽǿ治Ӳˡ
˼ȥǾԼɡ
˼λҴ㿪һר꣬רԼĲƷжģһῼǸһλˮ;ͣлƷޣʵû취ˡ
Ǿ͸ҺɣǼҸֻƷУھİٻ̳ר񣬸Һҿ԰ǼҵĲƷ۵λá
ǣ
ȪǼֺţпڱʵȫӵʮ̡
ĶˣȪǰֺţں˥ʱڣǲݺӵĴڣǰȪȫѾӵа˰ٶרˡ
ˣ
£Ȫ˷ˣ˴Ƭ̺ը˹
ƾʲôѽǼŵҲ٣ͬҲֺš
ǣ
Ǿġ
Ҳ֪ھʮƲˣƷһ㣬û⡣
˼ѾӦȪԺлٿǺɡ
˶ߺĸ½˰칫ңȪ˵ȫ֪ȣߣ껹½ơ
µľˮƷûʽʼۣ־ѾУΧžһȦܶǶ˴йˮͻƷ¡
һӵˮ۵Ϣ͸Ͻ˹Һøˡ
˽̸һ磬˺ͬǩԼֺų׷ġ
רҵʱһϼܡ
û⡣
ʼڴˡ
ߣһƣ̱ɳϣ
Щ˴򽻵ǹ۵ġ
Ϊʲôˮȡɾ鰡
ռ侫ﰵĻΪ
Ϊ㣬ԭȡΪ008̫ˣȡ顣
ռ侫飺
ижǼٵģ
ռ侫飬ѽ׬Ľֵȫѷɣ
ռѷԽԽˣֻϧֵÿʵʱ򣬿ռ侫鶼رܣ¸оԽԽá
ռ侫̧ۿѷ죬׬Ľֵһ붼޲ˣתֵ̫ͣø
ֵһ70%
ֻ޲0.7%ѷ죬Сʱ㣡
ռ侫ĬĬ˵
Ӧ֮һɣ
ʡ
ռ侫Ĭ
֮һ޸𣿡
ϲɹ˼ѷţעգ
ĿǰֵΪ15%ż685%ͣ
ţôͻȻˣȥѷ𣿡
ݿռ侫⣬޲ѷ첻Ļ㡣
䣬ߴꡱһռ侫ͷȥѷ5%
һļ³
ռ侫ע⣬ռѷﵽ60%ʱ˳ռ䣡ĿǰѷΪ43%
ʾµĶˣ
ռ侫飬㻹𣿡
ڵģ
Ǿͺã
΢˿
ھȥԲǩͬ׬˲Ǯ档ӦҪŵ·ģˣ
ģռ侫Ӳʳԣ
Űȥ˽ԲڵƬ

ԲԲõʲôƷѽƤĨõë׶
ѽƼƼŸհ˼ϣСȸ߶ˡ
Բ͸׻Ʒϣ
ҽ͵ģˮĴʼ
˻һ϶Ľ
ã˵ȱ𣿿ɰ֡
ȻȱˣҽҾ͹ˡ
ԲЩĽôָܷء
һԵĳΧԵһ
㣬ģֲ׵ģ˼˵
ԲЦ
Ϊʲô˼ҽҽ㣬ЩĽĽء
ϵôãôҲûݳ߳һɣ
Խ˵Խ
˵ǾǰɣϾ쳤ϣֶ²ס
䣬洫һ
ԲԲˡ
Żױҵű򿪣ŲЦ߽
㣬㶼üûˣġ
Բȥĸ첲
´һ󣬾Լˣˮʼôܻᴩô᣿϶Ǽٵġ


98  ƭӣǷ   
Ƶ, ̧ۿȥһ۾ϳ
ǳɣ
ʶң
ʶ̧°ͣϼֽ
˵㡣
ǺͽԲͬڵĽӰݼ, ֵ, Ըʵ˰, ϶ֻǳء
˵, 罭Բڱá
Ļ˸, 
Ҳ˼Ϸѣû뵽Ȼôˡ
ݼܲʦ, 㣡
±ֳͣԲˣ
㣬ݼҲĹüϷء
㵱Ȼˣݼãúÿرϲ

Ȼһ, 
Ƴˮ
µĲˮƿ͸ŵɫҺ壬ҡƺеǹ⡣
Բˮ׼ƻ, ɫǹ⾪ˡ
ƳƷ, ˮζ, ֵҲǳߡ߶˲ƷŶ
˵ֿһͬסĳ뵽λԺҲǴ, Ǳͳһƿɫĵݸ
ʦƿ͸㣬ԺҼԲԲչˡ
ܾκֲʹ
á
ȻὭԲΪƿˮҲǲ
ԲЩˣ˾䣬
˭õչˣⲿϷҿŮǡ
ҭס
ƿˮôã㽻ȥ
æһĿŽԲ˵
ǽ͸ҵģҪȥ
鷳㲻Ҫҽˣҽ㣬ûϵ
ֻըëèһָų
ߣ㶼û˵ֵõ𣿴ӽ쿪ʼҲҽˡ
˵ߵ˵
㣬Ժʲô龡ңұ֤ıȽԲá
ԲҪȥȻ뵽һ£˲ֿ
㣬ʲôʱǩͬѽ㲻˵ҪҵˮĴ𣿡
˵ʱƳ󣬼ֱҪ̫ˡ
㣬ղŻƯأΪʲôҵĴˣҲܣҲҪ
£
ʲô£Ϊʲô鳯ֵֹķȥˣ
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