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˾һְ족쳣òԽԽһŮˡ
ǸܾԼҼ޸˵һΪ޵Ļ
ѵǼʵڹȥ˼ɿԷлˡ˸ٵģ
ڣ𾪣

֮ϣ˺Ȼͣ½Ų
̰ε䱸ȴͻȻһ̡֬
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ʱΪ졢ۡһ֬ĵȵƿƿ޹̣߳֬гˡ˭ĶĻĵС

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һ仰飺ŮĴػص꣬ıˡ
⣺ʧܣʱͷԼͽ⡣

1.  Թ   ʮûϴˡ

һ£Թ
һɽ
żλܳؽ̽䣬ϧǱڣǧս͵

ԭΪһ֪лǸ϶ıû뵽ӡ
ͷϲ룬ڵļ̻֮궨롣
̵ܹˣΪҲֻܳΪһˡӴ˲Բ

λǰ״ٸʮּ֡
Ϊݡл쳾ӡ
Ǳڣ͵˼ˣڹҿɶˡ

Ͼͷʲôɫ⡱ĶɲǶϷ˵ˣ˼жк绢޵ŮӴؼԼл·
λܿʼá˭µ⡣

֮˾֮жҽߣԾͽҽΡ
ĸңΣңؾһ£˵λлӢδ֮ʱ˾ǰĽѡЯȢ

ţ
λܵĿʱɽʯµıܷ紦վų͢˾ļˡһ
Ϊݣɫװߣɽʯض

л˳а࣬ȻȢɼţһλӳ˵λл˴ȥ

ңմȾζߡ
ϧΪͷܹˣʱͣǵ¸ߺԣ

Ƽİ壺Ǿôˡл˾ʱɼչˡ˲صģҵȶѰҽߣлտ

ͷӳ˵öԣл϶Զˣ
ϧŵǣ
һ˵һԶȥһѾӦʡ

һֱȵ뿪һ˶
ߵǰժߣĬشҲڿͻɽʯ֮£пһֻ

һ֮ǰĽ
ʱΪάԼ֪ҲһֱܵشǵһѡסʱѾл쳾֦һҪţԼ

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ȣʱ̫ᰡð֮ԼһͣȻ䵽
ڲ

һｫᱧ𣬻һתϵѪ
ˡ

Ҳѹֵġںųŵһڣл赺л쳾ǼѲĽɫ
˻ڶˣն
л쳾뵽֣˼˳Ĭ

ɽﺮϮˣһﱧŻɽ
ֻܿǰϣˣҲ죬һһ޹ġ

˳ɽ·£һߵƽ̹

һҲô϶ʱһϻһ

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ΪֲҪĳݸ·ϧûʡ
һｫŵã³㿪ʼǰС

İְΡϾˣίʵ޻˵
ҺãľżҲҪ˵ʲô

һﹴ𴰱ߵᣣһơ
űоƣһ·עӴ⣬ĿҲû

棬ȴֻܿҴҹȥѾ˵һټҲֻİ
ˣ뱨Ұɣ
в

·;ңԶһ·ͣ
⽥֪ҹȻ˵ƥҲ·ֻડתҶûЪϢ˼
һľƺƺкȲľơž㡣

֪Ǽ޾ķŲϡ档
ҲϡǵãǰĵһǲƵġ
ʮļĥʣ޼˸ģֻʣһӰӡ

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ʵһȥϾⶫԡ
ֻôһ룬ֿˡйŮԣʲôϵ
ˡˡ

ȵһƬڵʱ򣬵һȼ
ȴ˿ʲô˾࣬ܶࡣ
еˣ̻궨̣֮䲻Բȴǻʹġ

ʱһͻȻֱӣס֡ʱһݡˣȻˡԼӣѵҪΪл쳾񲻳ɣ
νˡ

˵Լ侲һ֣תȡһ磬ιϡ
ȡ
ںصڻɢȥ

һһȻӿٶȡ߷ХƼһ˳°ҹڵһڡ
ƥͬʱһǡǻһǷ֮

һ˳漴ӳｫ
ʱۡҡ˾
Ͼһˣ˾ҲӡһǰӴڽ㡣
ղӳ͢˰

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ʦ֮£ֻó˾֮࣬Կš

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ƫƫһ٣˾Ϊ׻ȸ˾

˾ġĿԽӣƽնԱ򽻵
׻˾˾еӴ⣬ħеҲΪսһЩ¡

ȸ˾ֲݡֵȵȡ˾˾ѧ֮նʡ
˰˾֮оҲһϯ֮ءԲͳţȴҲвٰӵ

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Ż߽ȥſϳ񡣵ںʲôɶ࿴˼ۡ
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һȴûᣬŻ

ֻܿһաл֦бӰɨߣҲӰģʵڿ
֨ѽһ죬һƿһȷţڡ

ûеƣһƬȴ谭ؽŵ˴ϡ
֮ʣʧУԼƺ˺ڰ
ΧӿĶӰ

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һûԼ䡣һٳѾ˺ɫľװֻѩ׵¡ߵǰŻüͷ嵽һ顣

ʱϸŷʵʮֿüޡֻ̫ͦ˫Ҳ̫
ˣȥ׽ӽη塣

ڴϣֻ
һ￴˰죬ر䡣ŷ֣ԡͰԭԡ֮
ԡ֮
ԼҪʲô

һܿشʡѻŵԡͰһԥȥ´
ðɡ
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һǸˣһǰȻܾԼŮˣʲô¶֡
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ӦҲǷһֻһˮӿû˫硣¶á
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ǰôһȻɴ̽ˮл쳾

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Ŀⴹˮ
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һ΢ССһ·ŵһ˵λã˰ꡣ
֮䵽ԼݺݾܾİĽϣˮ
ʮ֮䣬ǳޡΨд˿̣߷




2.  纷   һͷ̳ɼѣһᡭ

ڶ£纷
ˮ֮󣬵һڽԡ衣
ȻʮΪѣڷ˰죬ȻûлԴ
ҳԼһ£Ϊϡ

ѾνˣġڵһҪŪŰνˡ
𣬱ϴˮûˡ

һ°ϣʼͷ
ͷֺ˳Ử˿
ǰǹл쳾ͷԼ˿ָ乴ࡣ

л쳾ݽ˻´˺ġ
һڽͷòˡĳڴͷůԶԶغšڴأ£鿴Լͷơ

֮䣬ȻǶһΣڵĻɽ֮һ弴ѣʳѪҺо綾޽ҩʮʱͻữΪѪˮ

һɵһｫѪʱȴѾˡ
ⶫʢͨɱ

ɿһ۵һļ磬ͷںڣжΡᰴ˿ڣںȴɢȥ
أǶҺգһ糣

˵ʣ֡
ɻ󡣵Ҳֻɻ
ľﻹܵ˵һʣ

ͷˣһ¡һɣǸϴˮԵʡ
ˣģˮˡ

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⡭ðɡɣ˾ͺá

ʶƣȥ뼴ʲôµأΪ˹л쳾ʲôûɹôֻҧˡ
ŬԼ޶ԡ

һ֣ҴҴһߵıӣ¡
ȡ
ʼʶ˿ߣͼŪǽ˶ٸ׶

ǵһĺǳ󽥳ϸ΢ĺ֮˯һߡ
Ѿ顣

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ǧ˾ţֻصǸ

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겻գֻзķż
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ŵҲʮֶϸãֱһֻһѪĶܹ
ԭڿʳͬĶ䡣

۾ɴʵ˿ߡ
𽥽΢ʼĻšϨ𣬷ֻʣһҺڰˡȼ֮ʱɫҲ

ҹڰǵһ֥ףవ漴װԽԽŨһʡ
һߵĵһҲˡ
ʱָⴥ˯ߵĻʱˣƺĴڡ

´ֻϤϤӦڸ¡
һΪҴñǣڷһΪѡ
⻹ǵһ˵

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һ峺ȴٲȻֶѹƣɡ
ڻҲû⻹ôֻ˰ˡ

һųȥ洫֪˭ʺá
ĻӦûлӦҲǣǰ͢Һš䣬˾ѾΪһȻ

ڣҲò֡
ΪĵһǸ

ʶһˣⷽССҲʧ
ʵǲȴģʮ꣬ʱ⣬ԭߡ

ڵĴѾ̫ࡣĴϣźʵůıӡ
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˾ࡣ
һһ·ȸ˾·
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վԸĬûдŵһ

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澲һڵһｫͼֽݸ̸ƣ
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ʡɫƼעߴ֮ϸ£ΧΧΧҲû¡

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治סԭҲʣõڸִ߳
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ʱĸ֪ͳ˴۾ۼƫƣߡĨɫɲҰס

м˽ȴƿᣡǻȻҲ˭ֻ֪Щ̼ܿ˳ȥ
ȻôССһ㶯Ҳ㹻ϲܾá㾪ϲܼȻȴ

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Ȼǵһߣʡֻһֱֻļ磬ܿһﲻȹ
;ã˾࣬ЧȷʵǸߡ

һȥϵʼΪ¡ſյͷɫññԽ˫չɫٷ
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ĳʮ˳ģȴһ¡
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ͭļһͷ̳ɼѣһ񳲡
ʦæµ˰ʱڽһŮΪ˸١


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3.     лˡ˸ٵġ

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Ȼ̸ʣ֪ʲôл
漱ˣŭ⣺ˣȻûУǳߴ磬װסѵῴ

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ò˵ߴʵĻŮίʵǡ


»˾ĺϣͻȻһһ˸Ժ˻
˵ͬ˾ԨԴǾͿɳˡ

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ǸԼҼ޸л쳾ŮˣȻԵü˾̧ͷռŮӣԲȥòֱˡ

ѵǼԼҲȥ˼ɿлˡ˸ٵģԽԽֳߴġûʲô̶ȣ

ֱֻ룬Ż
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4.  ֬   ʮڶ

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һص˾ʱ졣ɫû˯ȥ鷿ġ
îʱ̣ź򡱻𴲡֮󣬾ͷԼˡ

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ŻȥһѩδѩͥԺѧһʩ

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Ȼһִ̼Χ˸Ȧתˡѧ˴۵Сɡ

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Ҳû취ֻÿʼѧ

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һһ·˾һ֣̯Щīֽ⣬߸伮żи̣ҲЩѧӳ֮

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һƹĲģӴһյ衣

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һɨһ۲˵˾䣺ˡ
ƹʱϲЦտ¡һ»Ҳ˽ֱߵһǰʩ񣺡

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»£һֻٲһ˹ٲɫ浶졣˾ķΡ

ʱһ۵ĹԱ߳Ⱥǰ׻˾ټ̸档
͢Ͼڳǣֹٸ·գ˾֤Ϊˣ񷨼һӳ͢˾׻˾̣ŷΪһ٣

ΧһʱһƬȻ
ˣڰУλһֱ൱ߡ
͢˾࣬ȻȻп̣˾ֻ⡣

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̸˷Уһ֡в۽̽һ̵ϡ

ڲ£ֱӽ˵ڰ˸⡣Ƿ˰ٰֻǲ˺󼸲һοʦ̣־ֺ֣档

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ƣȥͼѪͲ

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Ŷ䣬ٲҿ֣ҴҶܡ

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׹⻥ײһ죬ɢ

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ΣٺǰӢүøСϰصүŮ˵֬ˮ۰˵ɳˡūҸλ˵

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ֻһԱߣϰϲؽЩ֬ˮۡ
ʲô֬ѩջ֬īޡ

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һϲһ˿ЦĿƽ˼䡣档ϰֱʹһڵļơ

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ʱԶǧ֮ڡɽѾл˴롣
л쳾һѩϵˮɫ죬ͬɫ⣬¹Ϊһ֮ûôϣԵºͲš

վڻߣЩŪήĻҶ벻Щԭ˽Ʒ֡ǸڵʱǿҰݡ
нŲӽл쳾ûͷ֪˭תʩ񣬵ʦ

лڣۣһɫ⣬ɫҪꡣ
л쳾յ£Ѿ֪

ʦָ˾ڲпڹȻŵ֮£л쳾ƽͣ޶ϲŭ
лصغһǹȻȣڵӳ̣һСҲã

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л΢ͣŭӦǣ
ܱʧл쳾дɣΪл赵ıŭһԭ
ӣڵ˻Ѿʧʮˡ

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Ȼֻ֪ˡĪͻȻ䲻

л쳾Ϊ棬ܴĵȥҡ˽ûٻ˼ʮ޹вûлɹܾã۷£ǲ뿪ġ
ֻҪڵ

ڣʲôطûҹһл赵׷塣
ʵһʼл赾Ͳͬл쳾ȢΪޡɲһ֮Ů΢ҲͰˣֶκĻ
л赴Ʋ

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л赲ΪһŮӶʦͽʲô϶Ӧ¡Ҳл쳾ÿֻһʱһ

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л쳾δԡ֪Ҳᷴԡ
Ǹʲôˣʵ˽ⲻˡ

ŮˣСǲġ
л쳾ʹ֯͵磬ҲûʧȥǡϸƽҰ֮ң׻ɫ̰ƣֵܽڶࡣ

һׯϻ浾һֱ游֣ԶЩǱˡ

õƤ֮£Ÿ˽֣ܹ͢˽ֺøףżѹֵܽáֵܽһ׺Ƽңû˸

ͻӹת֣˵һ֮ҲΪǲֶѡ

˵ͼĳӲزһӡ쳹볯͢
һֱſʾãһһĵȴϹ

л쳾㡣
ܴ˳
ԴһʼþֶΡл쳾ûбͷԣ

л赵ķԣһУȢ˻Ϊޡ
Щ꣬ӹµܣҲƽŻֵܽõ̰ᡣԼ鰮òǶԻһֱ侲ơ˵䡣

¶̨Լٹȥ
лԼ£ÿǰһʱʵʱ򶼲ȥ
ݺύҲ֮
֪ǲЩġ

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л쳾ϲ֣ΪƵƵũǲšЩҲˡ
ֻл쳾ϲڶ

һʱ䣬ʹӵʢġӡܵӰˡ
ܿԼ裬£ġ˽ׯ¡

л쳾ԼӦϲŮˡ
Ů˱ﲻһÿһ¶ԼĿġ̫֪ԼҪʲôˡΪ˴ﵽĿģԲֶΡûи顣

ʹл쳾ԼᶨˣҲڳ֮ǰ½𽵹
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˺гһ£ûе¶̨

ʧˡ
ΪˣʲôֶΣżǴ˺ʮ꣬Ҳûм
һΣȻһμ档




5.     ȻϲԺȥ

£
쳾㵽ʲôл赵УΪʦĳ
ĵصĸȻݲһܲ³ݡû˾˭󵨣ԷΪҲΪʦ˼¡

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ϧ𡭡лü˼ã϶ʲô
л쳾˵ڲʵ

лһΣ˾๫Ȼŵӣ¾ˡ
л쳾Ŀⴹأס

л赲ģ飬ꡣ
л쳾ԾɲʵʦΪó˵۲ơ

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л쳾˵꣬˾׼׵ĳǼٵġ
˾α쳤лһ׷ʵε֪

л쳾ûнϢԴֻǵ͢ʦĸ٣ֻҪǰϢ͸¶ȥʦ㱾ͶɣŹһġ

л赵ͷáȥΪڻ⳯͢ӥȮ

л쳾ǣʩ뿪л赿ıӰ˼
˳ɳѸٰ꣬Ѿᡢצȫˡ

Ͼڳǡ
һ»˾ʱѵʱ֡
ѧûѧһѻߡ

úúÿס˰жƤˡⷨŮӣôĿģֱѱ١һʮְ

ҪĹܲס֣ˣǿǺã
Ǹߡ

һĿΣҲ˽ΡϾʮ꣬仯Ǻܿ졣ѾЩ˵ı֡

ϤĽŲ𣬻֪ǵһˡ
ദһ죬ѾܱʶĽŲȻȻӦһ磬þȻô졣һգ۾ûˡ

ʮꡣͻȻôһ̣оȻʮ־ȡ
һ»Ƕƿƿ޹ޣĬĬظ

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׻˾
»һֹ֣Ǽû˰»ŴС̾Ҫǹ˰̣֬ɲͻ

һŻȥһ۾Ϳһߴ׳ãһ󵶡ʱһ룬ٷ

էһվҭֱۡ
һƺֲˣһֵȳԡ
ŶǶڻǰٷ

һѻƵ·ְůŲŵűߡλõߺܲ䡣

ݽһ軨ļڣ⻨ȻʢߵĻܣҶƬ࣬ʷɫȡ  
ȥǣţı֡

Ա߾Ǵȴϲ⡣

ǻһȹڣ֣ҳȥһˣƬ֮

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䵱⣬ʣ˭ôûģ
»һۣۼ⡣
һҲһ
˵꣬ת뿪

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ߵǰ˰죬ͻȻ֣˴

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ʲô»Ͼм֮ͬ꣬ȰԺǰ˵

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ǰ׳ĺӣ޷ʱػӦ岻ܿƣֻ۾΢΢תĶҲʮּѡգ۵ʱ򣬱Ϳˡ

仹ȥͷ»æϹһϿ׼ٿ

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»ͱһݣҲѾⲻǵһĽŲȻһ߽

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Ե䵭öֻ࣬ʩһƺ˲

ӼʣǼأ
͸ŰȻݲס˵λڵһԴ⡣

뿪Ƭ̣ܿͻүԵȡ»ͬ˵Сġ
Ƶ鰸׼£ĿһɨϵĻ߹»ǿһ

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·ϣһǼ˿鲼

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ŻϸϸЦһŮױܣ벻һ꣬
ﾡǼ°ͱۣȴҲûʲô취

λү׼ϸоһ»ϸʱŭڣķүǲҪҶúã

⻰һ»֪á
Ȼүһ߹ȥŭʲôҲң
һţǲĴŲŲջûҶүЦ㻹үҰεɣ

»æң³ˣү˴С֮ʧ»ү˵ŻҪ£үĿϸݣ

ָű£
ѵյֱ»ʹɫ˫֣˵պУȻǰ׻˾ҽѵ

һˡﱧһѩɫƤëУƤëָϡ
»ĵĶʱضһڵϡα䲻קҲŹص

һһѾϵӡۡʮδ⣬֮ϸڳˡһ磬־ʵܴ󡣹ʶ۸ۡ
һϵЦȴʢչǱʲôԸ

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йʯһͻȻһ͡ǵʵʦĶӣ˵ҲһλʵʵĻӡ

ֻʦĶŮ̫ˣӶ繷ȻҲͲֵǮˡ
ǣʦ׷Ѱ֮òĶǻģЩӸգԼĶһһҡ
ǵһӵݣ͸ûʲôֵ˵ˡ

ߣһһ˵ڲпڵˣ䷢˳ͻȻҪǰˡ

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ߡҪǣҪôǽ鷳ڼ²˶¶ˡһ˵һ֣

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Ҫ֣ܿˣģ
һȴȻ裬ָ£ĲӣҪڡһﻺ߹ȥ磺ȻϲԺȥϡ

Ҳ̫ˡ޷ݡȻ뱨ҰɡĬĬ롣

㵹֪ʶȤСˬӦǾñԸ͹ɡ
ȻǺޱ䷽ŵľٶڵһ˾ƽŭ𡪡ǼȴҲ̫ɱˡ

伡֮ϸ塢ü֮ģʵĺڴŲ⣬һһߵƵˣ

һתһΣҲ֮תܿ죬泯ǽڶֻܶǽˡ

»ͱ͹ſڣһߡ
һ֣㣺ʮ˳ʹȥ˵һ١ֳ磬ֱǰ˵ࡣ

練Ӧһŭ壬ͬʱһۡ˫൲ǸֻһѵĴ죬˫Ѷϡֻˣֱǽ
һ磬Զָۣ࣬һѵ

ۼѪӿ˳ǵεҵءһջֲ֣֪ʱҲѾɫۣ
ʱһ۽ȥЦҵڣҡӦú

һ㣡㾹ȻҡͲ±¡ԲšȻȻֹڵأ˫Ƚβ
һ˰ߵĹ

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һ˿˫֡ϣʬ̱ؿڽһѪ졪һ￴ָһ㣬Ǽ᲻ɴݵ۾ȻѾѡ

»ƺʱŷӦæϷţү±ػ׷
֮䣬Щ

һｫ˫زһ飬ŵҲͿͣκӼһҲȲá

˵䣬ָָݽǵһ軨ǻ׳һ֧ľǣţʮ

»⣬ʹ˸ɫ仹ڷ㶣ʱŷӦ»һͬϵʬϵǻǰ

ǻʱͬͨ١һʬ壬䶼ſˡ쳤סʬ壬ʲܿͽһʬϽ˻

һ鰸ʱ䣺Σ

æְ࣬߹֮ءڴ֮ʹðղ¸֣ͼɡ䷽ʦƼٵж¼Žֹ͢ӦΡ

˵꣬ϸؾڡ

һʾϣԶҡֻռ֤ȴʱ
䵱ȻҲ֪˼ǿͳšɣǧ˰νƽƽ˾ཨŲһ꣬ҲһЩ˲ţ࿹

ֻõְסˣһ·ϣְڵ̽ӡ˽ڴһŮӣ˵˵һʧ٣üƣҲó֡Ѿ˺ЩˡҪ˵л쳾ˣġһöѣԲϧɳ̽

һһĿɨһ۽ĻҲû˵ġ鰸ϵƤë򿪣䲻ϸǺüƺõƤƤѩףƤë˳ⶫϴλ԰ʱƤë
ҲΪ⣬ǽһ·š

»˲裬ѵ
¹·׿ʮ໧˼ϱͯʧ١¹ٴϸѯðڵĵӣ԰ΪնЩͯմߡȵиĸϵڣҪԼҺŷָû¡ء

һﴩߣȡһ飬ʼϼƤһ˫֣˾֮͢һ־ϸɵķƽػͼ塢ʲôļֱСһ
ñ˿Ϊߣ飬Ƥмѩ䣬۾ϸ

ͷƤ»ֻʱ䣺û׷ƭټ𣿡
һͦصϻϱӲ𣿣Ҿ׷飬ЩƭӾǰۼҲû¡

»תͷһأգҲвٵطͬ¡ʱΪͨʧֻٰɲ飬ϱ˾ࡣ

һòﲻסˣ˵ְǰأȡڣ£ٶϸ顣һͲţƭأ

ȻһͷƤͻȻһ䣺ԲǱߣкζ򣿡
ϲʱ˼һĶãӰ졣

Բ»üʵʦΪѾ겻ϳסԲһСǻɣйأ

һﲻֻǵ˾ڶĿڶࡣ˼ȻҼðڵݣܲ¶м̡Ҫݾߣȡڣв̽
»Ӧһǣһ˳ȥ

ֱţŵү׬ˡ˵֣⹷˾ҲһˡղͬƽϣΪͻȻ͡˸Ĩӵơ

ꡣ»˸ƣʾĪҪᡣ
뷽ү״ֺٵЦһ¹Ϊʲô⹷͸ˡƽʱҽУǼ߲һغϡѽҪ˵ţǼƨɣϱ©һ֣

ั»һΣڴף




6.  ǽ   ҵ

£ǽ
·»ͱȥ㰲ֻһתѾ
һ鰸רķƤ
ⲻ֪ʱʼƮѩµòΣϸꡣ

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Լʧٵ£
ѩʼ·𿴵¶̨ĳѩÿ굽ʱڣ¶ؾͻῪʼȡЩΪл쳾ЩµСʳ

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ǻϸʽʳģʦĸоЩȡ
ʱ飬ҲŵɽʩࡢʩҩЩ£Ȼڵӣ׬л쳾ȻΪЩ࿴ᷳ

ֻѹƲáЩܹҲ˲ˡʲô¡
ڵˣһֱ޼䡣ֻл֪л쳾ıɱ֮ıǽɶղĬ

ȥ롣
¶̨欿ģ¶̨֮ĵطǶׯˡ
壬²ڡ
ҳҳƣһ񣬵һѾƤƴˡǰƤ϶ɵı̺˫ϡʵ䣬һ䣬ʦ䡣

һƵǰǶѽƿƿ޹ޡ
ȼ»֪Ǻһ򿪣ᵽ֪һѶȻ֬ˮۣ
ʦӣ¡ؿ򿪷ۺУȻһյ˵ˮѷ۵ȡ
ʺš
Ȼ󣬵һͰѵȵķͿĨϡ
ڸʲôͫ׵𡪡Ƕ쵰۲ôõģס֣ںǽ

ʦȴɵʮ档
ԵۺɫϵʱԼƬ̣ʱһˮ˶ˮһۿҲһ㶡
ƽʱѵأˮˮûϡ

һʪ˿ϸϸΪϴ
ϴ֮󣬼˼֬۵ɫ
Ķڶûа취һʱָķۣ־òϵëʡëдϸһһá
ҵֽű

˽˿֬վش
Ҵģһ΢Ц
ԱʹȻȻҲں档̧ͷһۻͷ˫Ҷ취ûС

ѩƽ󣬵濪ʼס
ů¯һΪϴմ֬һͨͿĨʵ޿κˣʦñʼմ˿֬һ߻Ʋӡ
Դ
о꣬ͷ尡
ֻ֡
Ȼ˶Դѧױæһֽ֮ϴͷĹŮ
Ů鴤ǣױһյȲ裬Ա߹Ħͦĵģġ

Ͼڳǡҹ
ҹǳϳˣһֱʦ¡ʦԳҲйաʶһٶʮ꣬ȥȴҲѮ͡
ϹսˣȻ׶꣬ȻԾͦΡ
ԺдһȭȭԻҹ⡣

ȻֻͷһһѾվǰ
°ƣˮϵҹ΢΢ףº͵ү
㡭ҹֻǰʲȻ˺طӦл쳾
л쳾

ҹʦ㣬Ҳڡ
һʶҪֲܿվĿл쳾Ժкãʣл˷ʦ̤㺮ᣬ֪кμ̣
˵䣬ϸϸλסϴμʮǰʮѩ˪㲻ϡԾǶʮ߰ˣ绪
˵ЩˣԪǧ˰ꡣҲѹֱ´ߡԷҹĬĬ롣

𾪡л쳾۾ºƽȴŴ͸ĵ԰лĳǰ޶⡣߶ŹүƬ̾ͺãؾϡ
л쳾ˣ֮еλ磬ΪʦšΪ񣬸˼ɡǫѷܵжȡ
ȻͬҲǲΪԼһ鷲ġ
ҹһߣһ̣ө֮£ȻһԲλĸоҲôֱˣ˱ȭлڷ衣

л쳾Ȼûоܾҹڡ
ˣ̤أҹ˺ѡƫƫôˡӹ˷ϵƷһڣǳɽ²裬һġ
ҹһ㶣ΪֻǿӦδ뵽ͬԼƷ衣£мֻңǡŹ㲩˾塣
ʶعάл쳾ȴȻ˵˾䣺˲ʮǰı֣һֱͬԲ裬Լǵá

ҹȻˡл쳾ķó֣һģǳ֮֡ЦǰŪЦˡ
ôһ˵ȴǷл쳾Ʒһڲ裬˵Щ볯͢߶ЩܵĵطŶԽϵ£һֱʮֹġ
˵ǲһĸоȻûл赸߸ϵǿƣҲûʦĪĹܡøС

ҹæֵϵ£ʴ塣
л쳾ǽ⣬岻ҵϷó֮꣬棬ҲһѰ˷ӡ
üһҹаĵǺεȻҪһ򵥵ذһѾѰһĵ
ӲȻʱȴЧ£ҲףԪɽꡣٴ죬峺ҹ֪Ļصˡæȥ

Ȼл쳾ɫ΢ֻǽĳң䵤ȴʮֲԡ򲻱ѯ˾࣬ȴĴ浣ǣֻҹתʱ¡
ʲʲôҹסʲôеԣüĵδġ
л쳾δģǸʮֿˡֻ¹س͢£лĳ๡ҹֻ»һ䣬òعֵлĳֻԾڴˡǱοغ塣үϸϸģбҪԸΪ鵤

˵ֵ꣬յùүһյлĳʮָм£Щֻϧ˱ȬлĳүƷ²衣
˵꣬ǳʩһҹֻǰ飬عȴѩ׷ס
ѩˣվͥԺ֮䣬ȭơʲôл쳾
үү·˻˰죬ڻعȻ֮Ŀм٣
ҹšȻһΣ

صȻ㱡Ȼһϣʱס
аյһյһյҹָ̽յвˮδҹתʷˣ˵һģ
ǰԹΪȥѩɽһģ衣ÿ費ѵáүôҲˣ

ҹ˵һģ˭
ڵлķˣлδʱֵҡ֮󣬱㲻ũһģ˵Ϊ裬áΪֻΪãʶδǲʵȥ䡣
ҹϲɫȴʣлǷ

үε֪һ⣬лȷʵкЩ겻ˡ
ҹһ˵һа
Ρл쳾ЩˣиεķŲϡ档ο˾ƣ²ǰ
ɡѵм
ܰһ˽ϵѪƵĳôм٣
漴ʮľղֻǻһΣȴʮƶл쳾֮ʮְգǲ֮ġ
²á²ðҹĿڣʼıԲߡ




7.     ˼纮ѩ裬˭ů˭ء

£
Ͼӭ붬ĵһѩ
ѩʱϸ飬󽥽˹Ͳ®˼Ϊһ
ǣл쳾оֱߣȻСٽС̫ۣ·עĿ
ͣһС̯ߣ̯״æصλɳϲ÷

С̯ϣ÷֦
ɳһ֦ɣ÷ǺģСҪ˵л쳾ѾͳǮһ֦÷
÷֦ǺȻѩһȫʢˡ֦ʤաл쳾÷֦У⻨ʵ̫䣬̫أɷǡ⻨ȴ̫ޣͬЩʥ֮еġһ㷲ġ

ʱ˾ࡣ
һŻӰ׻˾˾
ϾĶ䣬ʼһȼ֮Ҫϴ̺ӣҲùǺ˫ֱҴ̺ź磬ͷ˴ɡҲѩ
Χ˲ʱܵԣʩǵ͵һﲻ⣬ҲľˡԶһ÷ѩˣʤա

Ǻɫ޿նҲȼŻ档һ﷢ˣѻƵ£÷ǵ𣿡
ֻǶǺƻ÷
һ̧֣һ֦÷ŵϡ÷Ѫ


Ԫ꣬л쳾֮л쳾ҪڡȻŵȢġ˵ĳŵһ򲻷ġл쳾һȥأԼѪ
Ҳǿл쳾Ǹˡ

ٱ죬һ֦÷
÷ѩΪ컨٣ҪһܺõͷЩˡСԸ߼۹
ʱΪ˿֣˵쳾ȥ֪Ƿټ֮ڡ˻ѩΪȡ˺ĺǡĺĺʱ
ӹǻҲԼڵһѩʱڣ֦÷ǰӭȢֻһ죬ü䲢δж顣
֪ԼҪʲôҲ֪Ҫʲô
Ҫ˵ݺ٣ˡ̰ķ飬Ҳûģ
ЦŮϲô˻顣

÷һվ£
Ͼѩϯɡѩȴ˰硣
ͻȻСܹһæ´٣Ҫ̽

һݡ
һﵹǲΪ⣬ԺҸ¡
ǹ´ǡ
һעº͵ôȺ򱾹٣
͵طӦæūڴ˹

һһޱ鷢Ȼط
ðɡ֪ԼҲȥʦ㡣ʶĬĬӦ
һｫƽԷԾɽȹɺáϸĵؽϣůŵ齵ĵطȻųȥ
ıӰȻмֵǡ
̶̼ദѾʼˡϸϸҲΪʵûбˡ
̾

ʹԲ
ʵʦ
°ףһʰ׶ϣڡǽϱڻ㲻ͬʦսҲио֮״
һֱϾŲ㣬ʦƽʱЪϢ

֮Ⱥ٣е¶ȶ̫ˣƵó
ڣʦȼһ¯㣬££̣˵ɡ
һ߽ȥʦعͷɢĸݣڰĵۣһȾ׵ģ㿴Ҳʮ̬꣬۾ǣĿɣ
ʱȻûܶȥȴҲ˲Ĩĺۼ

һ︴ֹ£ߵݵ¡
ʦûֻǵ˵µ˸䱦ôû޿
һ΢ȴǲԣֻǵˣҴǰûʥ
ʦЦһ㻹ǷŲǸŮˡ⺢ӣСͿ
һԶأ΢޶ۡ

ЩûеõȻˣҲݽˡۿ¯ȼ£׼ˣ
һر£鵤ɣܰʱס
ʦһƺʮ⣬ͻȻȴ˵ƵûţѰ㡣ֵ֮䣬˵强Ҫ̸̸

ȵһյİʾ˾Ŀ֮ͨȻᵽ壬òԲ֮£ʲô֪
ҲѾ֪ˡ
һͷӣĻͬ΢̸ģ
ǣˮ©ʦϿʲôתҲҪݡϾֵܡ

һ﹧Ӧһǡ
ʦ˵ѩϺ޽ܾ뵡
һȻδɣӦ꺮΢֮Ѫݽƣ
ʦͷҲáϥ¶ŮֻѪҺΪ
һԶأ΢ǰȥȡѪ
ʦ¯̣һ֪ʲôɲƵϡ

ǰǰɲ򣬷רɲݡΪԼ׻̣˲׳񫣬Եȥ䶾ԡΪϲ
һ취ʦ㷢ʦɣȻ˴˲ݵı׶ˡʦȼ˲֮󣬻ûܵסջ
ҲͬԵԵɲݵҩԡ

˲ݵ֮ʳ֮󣬻뼫֮Σ档Ķ֪дۣȴԸᡣ
Ȼʦ㣬ǽӻ֣ȥɡ
һ£Բ¾Ǭ

ﲻǸıڵ񣬻谵Լճҡ
˱ֻ߳һ֮ء˵ſڣͷ棬ΡµǣϾۡ£
ҳȥҳȥƴҡţĺ

̽ƲЩǶʱ۾ƺܲĹ⡣
̹صһһ롣
һӹһѪʣ۳һƬ޵ĺ졣̶룬ֱѪ˴룬ȡҩɴˡūΪҩ
һﰴס˿ڣ˵˾䣺ءн˿ڲã̱ȥ

ȥʱֻͷⲻյһ˫˫۾
ѺģֵܽáΪӻŮǱӦʳšڣǱڴ˵أ˲
߰ɡСĴߴٵ
һﲽΣصԲһ㡣Ǵӵط˼䡣
ȴƺʲôעӸ档

һԼᶨʱȴЩҪͷĳ嶯
ֻǱҩӰˡ
ʦֻ֪ɲݣ֪һֲݣɲݵı֡ΪΡζһģһÿʱ򣬲һ˲

˾
ڴϣĬĬصȴԼһǿЦԴӼںһڵȴл쳾ɽңʮʱȴ
ڣʼȴһ
ѩ֮УϤĽŲ
޲ܾ

֨ѽһ죬˻ûѩȹһݡ
һϷţƺΪ룬ֻѡЬֱ࣬齡˰죬Լʱʮʧ
ǹһͻȻñ΢΢ԣ⿴ȥ΢Уһڷ
ڿ

𾪣ʱ˺ܶ뷨
ȥ֮ڱ͵ޡʲô£
֪Ů֪ʲô˶Сĸġģѵʦ㡭ӣ
ǵһҵţ
뷨ôֱһ﷭סŷ֣һ䡣ָⰴĺ󾱣ֱǽ˱壬͸ܸо

һܿſ
𴲴£ǺñӡҩɴѪɫҲǾ⣬ȥ鷿˯
˵꣬ãųȥ
һ̣Ҫϧһ١һ˵ֻ
˼纮ѩ裬˭ů˭أ




8.  λ   ʲô꣬桭

ڰ£
Ѿ׼һ˶ȹѩ֮ҹȻǧ˵ĺšͷϵ̻궨ڷ̣պĸһ
һʶƺҪ˺ѡޱߵĺڰڰӿ顢ֵģ˵

ҪСκҲȫȻʹзҪƤҵļ
ʹ˺Ѱʹϯ̻궨ĺڰԹѪ졢צֻǰԹޣ򾪻һɰ㸲͵ӿ

ûУԺд˷
ܷ衣ʮ֣ΪʲôڰΪһ塣л赻ö˶˵Ļţл赡֣޾ĺڰάϵԼǡ
л赣һ죬ҪҵʹࡢҵԹޡҵĿ־壬㡣
Ҫ֪һʲôˡ

Χ꼲־ͬһƲд
֪ʱȥ˶ãͻȻֻһᣡͬȻѳǰرǵһԷ
ΧѩһƬѩһɫĸĬһľˣޱظߣֻװ棬оŲ㡣
ԼΪʲô
Σ
һһ¡һڰĵۣѩ̫ԶעŻעϡ

ĺӣӦ֪ôɣҲѩҹȺҲᡣȡһһӣڻǰ
ٲȻһ룿Ʊ񻨣ͷʵʮּӲǷ
ϧʱ䣬¡ϵһ˦䣬֮ʱҲˡɹ󰡡
ʲô˼Ҫڣǰϣ˸ٷһСС˵˻
ս룬һͻȻɹâɢ䡣ǰ׹ݺύʱ죡

ֵסǰǿ⣬ʱѾվһСͤԱߡСͤлżµСˡ㡣Զĵطһˮأرһ÷ֻǴʱ޻ҶȥΪ

ͷط̫ϤˣΪһһľһʯһˮ֡ڵ¶̨Լ޸л֮סһꡣ

ǰվŵģл쳾ʶң㱼Լ˵ûһĶǰЩҷһ£һֱвܾãӦöǰ׷忴һ
˵ġ
仰ǻ˵˳
ӦǸجΰɣʮǰһμл쳾

ȵ壬ȴѾڡǰȻվл쳾˫Ρ
°ƣ塣ڳ񣬶ڣ覵
Ŀⶨл쳾üΪԼϵ´֣ȻáǴѵ֮⣺ⲻӦùʵ¡Ϊ𳤡Ƿǡ𣿡

һ˵üɫԶԣʵĸоǿҡ
ǰл쳾ۿл쳾ûĳޣһֱĴ䱸κεġ塱
ûã֪Ծñط꣬סе
ǣл쳾ȥңܾöٹ
߼ĬĬذ͵¶̨ſڡͷôӲֳκεƫ衣һҲûС
ֱıӰʧɽ·֮䣬Ľëһᣬɢһ¡

¶̨žúû
תͷصСͤͤʯϵĸ㡪û˶ꡣ
ʮ꣬ĻǵԼʲôСʳԭ⼸
ӣЮһˮŽڼ˲ζһһسЩģҲáֱץˣ
ٺóԵĸ㣬ȴҲǸɰͰ͵ġҭסˮϴһ
˫죬ͤһǣҲָ죬ȴû

ȵ޹ˣվߵ¶رϴֺ
¶ĬȻճڵģ
Ϊл쳾ʵǰɫĨءų׵ɴȹɴȹ⻹кɫƬɵȹȹϵ䣬ֻβȻʵǱɴ͸ĺôҲֳ
ȹԴȫȵĸоټڱЩ̬ʤδ֮ʱ

ˮеԼһЦǰ¶Ҳ΢Ц
һٻ³ڲǱ˵ʱ򣬵֮ҪࡣԼΪʲôĪس
оһθл쳾Ľ̸֮ڵлͻȻϮʲôҲû˵ֻ̻궨­ԣȻ׷һ
Ӵˣ˼ʧʮꡣ

û˻Ѱ
ǰĹѣΪڡ㣬ʧȥϵ
ڵ˵ȻҲл쳾лʲô
ԼֵܽþͲҪ˵ˣͲס׵ǻʣȻ֪ˣл쳾ʨӴ󿪿ڡ
֪εʲôôһ̵롣

У뻻һȹȹǶࡣ
һһǳɫģδʱ֪Ϊʲô˾һǳ˳飬װɡ
ѵϵѣͻȻһͷȥһѱƵĲ롣͸ҪڻԵøȴڻļ󡣵ǡǸ˵Ļѡ
ׯε

ȹǳɫůģׯ󷽣㡣벻ЯԲڷ䣬Ϊλ
ɹ󣬲˷ѡ
һʳУԼץ˵ĸһһں÷Žȥ˳ϵľơ
¶̨ڱ㿪ʼ˸ʽеԹ񡣻Ҳ΢Цһˡлƶ
лƶüͷ΢΢һ壬ȴǹֵĸ

ߵǰЦȴ֣Ȱͷ
лƶ㣬ȴסˡģлֻǿЦĸôÿճˣż常ȥΪĸ˼ҡ
Ц϶ˡ˵Ǻæ֪ġ

лƶȻЦЦҲǰĸæʲô¿кƶ
ĵضͷðҵľƶˣҲˡƶȻ£ǾͰװ¶̨ϴ˰ɡ
лƶһ˲ľ㵣Ȼ벻ĶҪ󡣵Сزס¡Ƭ̣ŽͰ͵صŶŶá

һοúӣ׵ȹ࣬Щžˣմ˻ҡТĿɹҲţϴʱϸЩ֡
лƶʱʮ־ʣ鲻ԸӦһǣֻ¶̨ȥ
ıӰЦü
лƶл쳾Ů޸л쳾л쳾䲻ȡΪ˹̵λл쳾Ҫһӡ
Ȼл쳾ܾˡ
л쳾ܾҪڻϰˡ˶Ρ

һպл쳾ʱһֻ̯ģл쳾쳾㿴úÿҲûӣΪӣΣ
⵱ȻΪ˼֮Ҳʲԣл쳾ɿڴӦˡ
һʱģл쳾֣Ϊȡƶ

Ϊл쳾ͻӣлƶɵҩؽ
ͿǡһŮӱҲΪŮлƶʱҲʮģɺ⺢ӽ֣ĸҲôø׳谮
ڣΪܣл쳾ʮ䵭

ССͣȴǸ˾ǽأȥ¶̨˻Ҳʮ䵭ȻΪԶл쳾
£ҲʵС

˼Щҡҡͷ⺢ӣǻСأҲزס˼
ʳУߡ
ǰϤĽŲһ̧ͷȥֻһҲɽɫٷϵ̤ѥͦ޳
ǵһ

ʶӿŲǰʱס
ʵǰˣûжٽġ˾Ǽգ˵罫˵˾⡣ڣվڵһǰȻҲ޻˵
һסŲȻڴ˵ʱĿһʱƹĸо
ԭأֻЦˣ˾ƣǡˣҲԵһˣĪҪ

˵ŻʳУȡǺƣ˫ֵݸһ
һĿעеľƺΣص
˵꣬Ųһָ
㡢ͦߡ䡭
ҧгݡ
Ҫʱ䱦󡭡ҸߵͰ֡

Զȥ磬ʱѾʧȻãҲ⡣˵׵һµӡ̫ǳ
˾ǼֻΣֻΪڳл赵ܣǶ޸л쳾¹ڻ˵ϲԲܶŮˣ
˭˵ء
Ӹ׻һֵܽãٵл쳾лƶһûʲô˼顣
ȻҲⶫΪΪʲô꣬ġ




9.     ޴Сá簵Ͷ飬䡭

ھ£
һΣҪȥһˡ
һ·ɽ£һլһլڷ൤ҩɲݵȵȡΪƷڶ࣬Եǹ̨ΪĹ
λƹӭ

Ц˷ʣл粻ڣ
ָλл磬лԪ档˵лԪɲСл赵ӡڣţڵһЩ⡣
ȻŵһڣڵĵӵȻҲǲʳ˼̻ġ⣬£ӴޱȡȻҲҪЩӪ֧鹡

طз̡⴦լɽţ⼫á͢˾ȻҲͬĻƷͬĶڵӡǣͻӵвͬնļ۸
գȻǸЩ½ɡ

лԪ渺ӦǸʲ
лȴĸƹ񡣷·л쳾лԪȨƵ÷ǳЩ꣬лԪΪ̰ƺɫŪ¡
лǸӲӹϵʮֽšл쳾Ϊл赣лԪڡ

лԪ棬ƹ¶ɫƹ䣬СΪͨ
գлӶʲô䲻˵ȴѲµ֡Цӯӯҡͷл粻ˣԽȥѰ˵ʳУһ·䡣
լǬûȥᵽһ֬۵ŮӵЦ

ȥֻŮӴӵлԪ棬Լյơ
˸ͨеľյеľӣСڡǹֵģֱԾ㵹ȥ˲ʪ˱ɴ¡
һȥŮӶЩΡлԪһվǲһߡ

µ½󣬹صãôˣ
л쳾СɲǵлԪڻǰһֱǹءӡл쳾ƽ£ֻ类л赻
л쳾֪ϰԣԶҲϡлԪȻл쳾ȴڻǰ

ʳУϾǹ硣ѽվʲô
Ϻ㣬лԪᵽˡڻԱŮ¡ȵˣѿӵݸշҲ߲졣õﶼˡ
̾ϢлԪæӹӣȳһ飬óԺóԡõգȵĶóԡ˵̵ַ꣬ЦЦԲû𡣡

ᵽл쳾ɫһδش𣬶Ϊһյơ
лԪ沢ʮ֣һ֪ܵл赲ͣƽմҲǼõġлԪദ˵յóüչ£ìˣ
Ŀ¶ɫֲǲ˽Ҳһ仰ִŭ

⻰лԪ浹ϡ棺ƽʱһ֪⣬յ˵ʲô죿
һ̾Ϣ˵ϴδһŮӻãǸŮˡ
£лԪʱʮ־ţ²͹ȥ𣿡
Щ£䣺ҲȰ˵ŮСؿѪȣԡǵ治ɡ

ˣлԪ͵վŭҲ⳥ĸңԷҲӦ׷ˣ
ΣΪˣ֪ġҲȰ䣬̱Ǽɫѵ⡣磬ҷһ꣬˵Ƿޣʵʲô֮֮ȥв˳ģ
˵Ż顢ɫ

лԪ泤̾һεҺγˣ䶥л֮ӵͷΣּʱ˳ģ˵գյһڣл赣л쳾ʲôϵұţӣҪĸƹ񣡡
ŭЦֹһҵʲô

ҲһȵһƣѾлԪ棬ˡ
㣬л쳾ֻ̫ڻظʡлԪȵĳҡٿǰü޴ꡣ
ɫʱסָ⣬ûбܿпϲǶǿˡ
ջ֣ת˿ᰴ۽ǣĵ̾һӣ¶̨ˡ

лԪӿ˼ֵͻȻСʣѵ
ۿͨ죬ҡҡ׹ҴѶθģ
лԪͻȻսڵ˶ؿշ͸𣿡
Ƴһæ粻ɺ˵л쳾ΪǴ硭µģ༤ȻлԪŭ͵ؽյڵϣҾͲţұȲһл쳾ҪǸƫģһˣкʸڣ

յĽһš
лԪعͷܾ޴Сá簵Ͷ飬һõ
͵ǰһס󣬵ֻҪŵùң
ע۾˫ӯӯᡣлԪǱעյøԼң
עŤص˵ͷ

лԪһϲɫսҹ֮ʱȢΪޡԶڵˡ֣ԵҪл쳾ȻǸŮ˵۹ǲֻˣڵˡ
ʹ˰ʡ˵ɣĪҪҡ
һɡелԪצġлԪжʱʢָ췢ģлԪаԣж

̾һǴ˵˶ӡܷȴǣҲܽϴһ
лԪʱϲɫͷæ֣ããȥ׼Ųɿسȥǲ漸ƹȥ
Ȼ˹š

ߵ¯ǰȡһϡָ׹Щ¯֮СȻͳһԵĬĬ¡
¯
Ƭ̣лԪ漱Ҵҵظϻڴߣ˯¡
ɲ㣬̫ҩЧˡ
СʱƢ꣬ԺɫһֵܽĬĬͣҷֱһ꣬Ŀ֮󣬶Լһħצ
ʱʼֲɲݡԴ֦ҶĻȻᷢƬɲݵũһ֡
ССһ֣Ѿ㹻ˡ

㣬˶ꡣ
Чġ

ȻлԪܿͳξǱлҪöࡣվڴߣעϵ˳̬ٳȴ̧ͷǸͨ͸Ĳ롣
ѡ
ֻܱ֮ʱ˲˷һ̡˭ڲٿһУⳡʲô壿
ȥˡ

л赣ʮʱ޿̲ڡ˼㰡
Щ꣬þȫԼǣֻҪһϣͲʧǡľıĿ־壬ܶᡣ˴˿̣¶˷
л赣ʹһΣҲͬµɡ

͢˾ࡣ
һڻص˾ֱȥ鷿һȴ𷽲ã˵ˣ˾ƣǡˣҲԵһˣĪҪ
ް꣬ӹúܲ˻˸ˣ类ʯšܹ黹ͷд̡

ڹЩѾֺΣ֮ɹ鵵鰸󷢴Щơһɺʱֻýһ
һعһڣ˼ҳܾĪϤⱾڡ񿴼λ룬Ҳǵþʲôʱ¡

˰ûͷԶ¾ڣֻ˸ˡð죬ͻȻʣһ־ƣ֮õ֪
ԭٰĥ¶
ü֪ʲôõľƣһǺյӵġһ˵¹ٲ֪»֪¹ѰЩ
һһ˵ˡ

»ȸ˾鿴ݵ⣬ͻȻӵҲĪʣõƣ
ͷͷԡ
һﲻǸΪ˽ʦڵˡЩʵʮءҪƣԭ»Ҵ⣬ֻȥڵӴ
ڿɲƵģ»תˣֻ˲Ӵ㣬õϢǮҲ򲻵רΪл쳾ģһһС̳ӡ

»شϢһֻһ»û£ǻ֣̿Сʣ˾Ƿкְ֪ԭβҲܴط֡
һĪؿһֻۣǹʱ£вƽ
ԾǺ£
»ۡ




10.     ΪһˣοҲܡ

ʮ£
ڡ
¶̨лƶϴѡȹر࣬ʽӣϴʮֳô·һʱ̣ϴġ
лƶޣ֪۸
ԹǺް취л쳾ƫ𳤵Ļһᱻѵ⡣лƶԶȴΥĻ

лƶϴʱ·ȻҲʮɻ
ûлżʳУȴȥ巽˭ͳԵģҪôأ

ţլ
лԪʱ򣬵һ۾ͿڴصĻ
ʱ򣬾ѾѵòˡǰĵҲɢʣ޼ˡҵץϣð죬εЦЦãҡǺˣǸ
ִ˴Լͷ˵һᱻë飬ǹɢվȹ˵Ҳд֪ôܡôء

ʣµĻû˵ȥߵߣʳУҪ뿪ͻȻ˵һ䣺쳾һȰȰϾŮѾˣûҪٰѴȥ
б䣬滨繣飬⼸տҲδؿټˡΪ֮ڴﶺãϾ˶ӣ绹ƴãǴУ硭ֻ¶޻·ˡ
˵꣬ͷ߳ȥ

лԪҪסȴûС
ͲǸеˣȻҪһ¡
ԼȻȾָɫĹʮְûڡл쳾ˣȻº͹Ϊǣǿɾʹشˡ
һҪ֪¡
лԪֱ롣

һ·ص¶̨лƶΪϴ·
лƶ֣ǿЦͬĸΪλȥĶˣ
Сش̽˸ǷСĪܴ¡ˣЪһϴ·뿪ɡ
˵ô˵ߵʱ״һ塣

лƶƣбɡ涺ʱࡣ
ʳУǷЩʳӣϲҪôáȥתͷͼһлƶʹű˼ȻҲûס
һֱȵطǰֻϸϸһʱʧɫ
һ塣

ȻҲ˴񡣶ⷽ壬һ֡
л֮лԪĳ֮
лƶлԪ˽ôڻңվֹҲʵ̫졣ɲ롣
常ϲĸ֪ġԼ常᲻ܲ谮һЩ
лƶС̡

ϴ·Ȼ壬һ·塣
л쳾һĵմӶסл쳾סڷ嶥ҷƵлƶһ·УƮɣأɼ
常лƶڵУѾ˿ǻ
л쳾£

лƶһͷڵϣžƶȥ¶̨ĸ¡֡֡
л쳾˼ֲã˵
лƶæĸʱŹҡɢңҡͼӴףл쳾ע⡣
Ȼл쳾ʣʲô
лƶæ壬ĸСĵһŮʰһȴʵڲҶᣬֻѰ常

ͷ˫塣
һᣬѾл쳾ϡ
л쳾þò֮ҲãȻ֪ĸʰãδ黹ȥɡ
лƶüͷ΢塪常ĸôõĴȴǺܸ˵ӡΥл쳾ǵǡ

תҪ£䣬л쳾ֵΪỹ󲮣µաСӦרҪԵ·񡣡
лƶĻǾԼҪ˵æƶ֪ˡ

䣬ֱлƶ뿪֮л쳾ϸе塣
ȷʵлԪ֮ﲻ
лԪţв̤šô壿˵˽л쳾šȻԲѣ
ˣԼɼ檵˼λȹ̣ǣôлԪлԪΪ˻ˣƷԲˣֺɫԡܸʲô
и̣ʧ

ǣ˵лԪ洹ѻȴǿܵġ
ò˽֪жֻл쳾֪лԪ汾ͺɫ˵ǿЦˡ
˼ˣл쳾ˣлԪҡ

ţլڡʱѾҹ
лԪ㷲ͱлǰл赶ǣȾָͱȥ˵л쳾ĲлҲһƤ
˿£ƫƫšƹСܽӣȥҷƵ
лԪʱĶҪ

ĪǶ·ˣ
ǵģһǵģ
л쳾ڴϴȥ
л쳾ӣˣȥҷƵ϶ɡԵ£л쳾л赵Ͽ¡

лԪ汾ǸˣǵʱҲӿ𼸷ֵ
Ҳˣɴ
һ̣ǰԻ˵Ļٶȸ֡ҳˣ
ռԻζлԪһ̣ͻȻ¶ģ򾲵شô÷Լƽ޵ķȫϣһ·š
ʱѾҹŵɽϣȻҲ˾ģȴʮƾԼôл쳾Ķأ

˼˴ûֱȥ壬ȥ¶̨
¶̨ƫƧ·ϲʲôˡ
סӲšл쳾٣Դлƶᵽ󣬻һסڴ˼䡣лԪҪĴ£ȻҪѡڣбȻʺϵѡ

¶̨Ȼĵģѩ÷ҲֻСͤصһյơ
Сͤ
̫ݣһʤµĸо
лԪ¿ˣֻ˼ϸԼᶨԼĵͤУ

ܾͷԵ磺磿ôˣ
лԪǰҪס֡æ֣лԪֻסһ䡣ᣬͬ˼
лԪΪ֮ᶨھȥɱл쳾ӴԺٲεӰֻ
עãƺһ᣺硭

лԪɣ
΢΢¶ģԸΪɶ
лԪס̴ڣҲġҪҵˡھȥҷƷ壡һ֮Ͼޣ㵽׸֪꣬а취ң
ĿʹĽëֻҪΪɣʲô£ȥġһССûʲôΪܰɡ¶̨ûʲôҩ

ÿ仰м䣬ȴԴѡ
¶̨ȻûʲôҩϾׯˣõЩأ
ǣлԪƹڵ̡ҪŪʲôɲ鷳ȻлԪһס֣˵ãˡЩΪһСֻҪ£һڣȻа취
־־壬⡭⡭ԥҧɵġ

Ϊ֪˴ѵֻΪϾ񣬵жá˵ڵĵҩָơɣǻɹ𣿡
лԪͫﶼ͸һɺ⣺ƹôЩ꣬ѵһ˽ضû𣿰ģ˵ֻҪ£Ҷȡ

壬ҷƵƻ߾٣ȴž
л쳾ڼԣһ伮ԱȴлԪ塣ɨôۡΪһˣοҲۡ
գҪлԪ֪Լߵ³ӴԺٲΡ




11.  ħ   ķޣһ̰

ʮһ£ħ
ҷƵ⴫ŲȴлԪ棬ǻ
л쳾ʱüͷʣʲô
յĻ֮ĬƽشӲ
ʵ׵ǰһ꣬ҲΡÿιл쳾ֵüΪ䵭ˣ֪л쳾ϲҲ㲻ˡ

ɽգһ˵˲˵Ļ˼ȥܾﲻųɢɢġߵţɽŵʮʣӸҽųѾˣҵӸ
ͷȻЦȴѾЩί֮⣺Լ
˽дôһ˿ίʯ˶Ҫġƫл쳾䣬£Ȼ뿪

ǰļϣȻϵ壬һ
ʣȴл쳾شʱ䣬С뽫ʢ
л쳾бɣ𣬲ɷʣӦںδ
ݸϲɴһ˿Ц˵ҽߵţˡҿǴӵ֮պáֻʰȥ¡ϵȵ

л쳾ͲлԪβ⼸仰Լóδ¶͵Ҳľȥˡ
ԺЩᵽ㡣ӹһڣǴģ֮Ҳ֪顣
Ķʵܺζκһˣĥһ꣬Ҳ类͸ˡ
Ȼл쳾泩һЩ

ˣù߰ɡϣǻ˲١һ롣
˽лԪ档
л쳾Ǵ˽ѵ˼һͣҲˡɵżһֲףǸĺ̸֣֣
лԪ汾йʱл쳾ȻŭҲͰˡ˵л쳾ֻҪѵһ١л쳾ɫ¾ûʲô·ˡ

ԣлԪҧأá
л쳾չ롣
лԪ澭ߵʱͻȻ͵Ϯл쳾һֵϸʣͻθʹлԪҪȡֱϮҪ
л쳾ãȻϸ룬лԪ档

лԪΪʵ̫һˡ
о綾л쳾Ȼʮ֮ھסʱɱлԪ棬лԪϾл赵ӡΣҲܸԭл쳾һƽǽǣ
ڸ¶ʣ֮ǲš
ϾţûСûУתҪܣȴǸ룬ʱսǰѲ룬Ҳʼ

װתܣл쳾һץס󣬽һ͵ػ֣͵ػ۾
л쳾ж֮󣬶ͳٻҶԻ޽ġֻһССսһΪǰһ
ңʼջǲţĶ֡
һޡʵٻ֪ϲ

ǼľʹǰȻʧȥ˹С
ֻһۣһѼ͸Ĳ롭
δ
һ˲Ŀã˵˺͵Щʽķʧ˿һƻлĻᡣ

ôܡ
ǰһ̣ЦӯӯΪԼһ꣬һֱ¶̨ϰؼΪʲô
л쳾̫벻סˣǽǵлԪ͵ظһơһѪҡҡ׹лԪȡͻȻס֡ţպá
л쳾ƺٴһѪŭĺ

лԪһƹȥл쳾ܲڱһƻк󱳡ˡ뷢ڻ˹ȥлԪ̲ģǰϸĻˣŵʲ˲İ
ġɱƾôҶԸл赣ĵصΪʮɺβȡ֮ôɱ˷ѡ
лԪ۾һÿһ˿ϸ΢ı飬̰ҵİ
˵Żͳɫŵ˻ġл쳾ãҪȡΪһҪ׼Ҫʱ䡣

һҷƵȻƽղͬǷޡ˽鿴ġ
лԪҲģ治ҵ˻вɴ򿪣޷Ӧԡ
ͷ͵ſڣֲɣҪЩ
лԪżѣӦһҴ뿪ҷƵ

ߺ󣬻л쳾ǰ
л쳾ھ綾Ѿ׶Ϊϴ඾ֻҪʱ䡣ϡ
ҷƵ齣İȻװ꣬һҲû޹

ˮΪл쳾ȥѪ
۾أǲ벻֪Ǻ죬ޱȡ˵˫ۿǲˡߣΪס˫ۡ
Ѫ͸籣ڻ˯Уʹı顣

˾࣬ȸ˾
һ鷿鰸϶ѷһ顣
ǽϣĵطһۿǵģһʮ־޴ۿһ״ӡڣۿתһ׹ôͶǽϡ
ǽϹϸѩУ׹ͶϣԳĻ档

ڣʮֳԾ
ΪУһϮɫȹվһƬСС죬ۣһƬǳɫһůġز鿴Сĳƣִ˴һӣСĹ顣
ͷȥţܿµĲա
ƵķصĻ棬ȻǶǰɲ

һͷĹģż̧ͷһۡ
ֻżֽҳ
ڴʱһ㴩лԪ棬һᡣ
һ΢վǽȡŽ鰸ݵĳﾹȻһĶ

ȸ˾⣬һŶڵȺ
һһϳɲлԪ
˲޺øУҲ䵭ԭл֡©ҹǰĪʲô˲õ£
лԪڰ֣ΣҪһ
һ飬䲻ȵصŶ
лԪսСһȡΪķ֪зӡ

ǡһЦһ̫ȤӣȻС£һġ
лԪȻ׼ֻҪۡ
һƽʱԸ򽻵ֻΪлԪʵл赳šȻڵĴӣʵʲʵȨ
ʱлԪ澹Ȼ˵ɼǴ¡

һʣҪȡ˭Ĺ
лԪͲԸ˵ˡһǮӼﹺαعõ˭أ
㲻õ˭ϣϲּŪл赡һӣȴĸָһлԪϳۣʱϲİʯɽֻҪЧ
һӦȴҲ롪ֱʣҪԸ˭

壬ҷƵ
ָḧл쳾ü壬ͻȻסл쳾յ񶯡
㡭㡭Ҫ˵ȻѪӿһǺȡ
ֶֻˮΪڡ
л쳾òƽ˿ԣʣΪʲô
˴ʱоŭ󣬻ﷴûô䵭롣

ߣã˵쳾һޡβϲҲչа֡һ죬ұ׷壬Ѱ𣿡
ָᴥü壬ʣƴŵл赣һ𣿡
˵ʲôл쳾ȫڵľʹϢңᱻ׷壿
ҷƵ˵쳾һΡұʩ̻궨̣֮׷Ҳ˵Ҳֻܶҹҹ֣һҡ

л쳾һãȻʣΪһΣЩΪһΣ
ûлشֻǼҹһĻкöˣǶһģӲһǵطرڣֻзķż𡣾ֻôһ⡣ҧǣϴȥǵ˿ڸˣﶼ

һУʼһϣһһػǵĹȥҾ飬һʶŮӲˣҲѰһѰ׷ߣ֮ҪҵҲ̫ѵ¡˸ķ¼ʱ䣬˵ģ𣬱һϢҾôһҲҴһꡣ
Ử䵽ϣл쳾صֻΰˡ

Ц˵ڶ꣬Ҿͼǲʱˡͷܹȥ̫£ˡʱ֪㲻ġֻһɽ壬Ҳġ㲻ΪҵʦʵҲӦԹޡң֪
Ул쳾˼һУʣħˣ
ҲֻħŻᱻþӰǡ

ϴЦҡͷʱỹǷ꣺Ҽ޸һ꣬˵ٹ⡣ģѸ衣ҸԼҲӦú㡣ֻôһȫȫ̷˰꣬ұϾΪС
ſڴߣл쳾ͷȪʪ硣л쳾ӲΪôС
Ǵ˿̣˻סĿӣΣڵϦֻͼס䲻ĻȴǵֻΰˣǶö˶˵ҵӣˣ᲻ѰҶᡭ

ƭңȵ㻹ƭң
ŵҹңͻῴڰ¶Ķûҹңûҹҡ
˵꣬˫ֱͷ˳Ŵ߻ڵء

л쳾֪ǲڿޡ
ǿޣҲ˻ߵġ޵޾ǡô
л쳾Ҫ˵ʲôȺ⿪Լϵ˻ġſҪ˵ȴûкʵĴʡͻȻһ꣬ûаο
ŬԼΪκʱֹ⣬ȥ

ȵ´Σټʱֻʲôû
ܺܺõؿԼҲܴ⡣Դǰл쳾ûмŭ
ΨһһΣڡ

л쳾֣ڴߵĻ˫סϢ
л쳾Ĭţ˵һ´Ļ
ǻס֣ȿڡȻѹеԲ𰡡
л쳾һ㶣ʣʲô
ȻʱҲڵǸ

˿ᣬҲָƽԹʵûʵҲûҪѰҡ̾ϢػǣϾķޣһ̰һͼɫȡѣʲô飿ֺαΪһбĵŮˣԼĶʦأ
֣ḧл쳾޷ʵҶסֻұ̫ˣһֱ㣬ǲʧ̫Σ⿴
Ϊϣصôأֻ׹ʱңԶĻǳˮʱƮߵëôأһ꣬棬кܼǺޡ
ƽͣл쳾ƭ˿ڡ




12.  ժ   һ꣬ҾһҲ

ʮ£ժ
һҹر𳤣齱ߣл쳾
Ϊ˻ĵĽƣл쳾ûо綾ˣʵѼˣ˵Ϊһ֧ɡ
˵꣬ߵ¯ߣȡһ֧㣬Ϊϡ
л쳾ǲ硣

ߣ˫ĿѪֹȡҩΪϡ
˯ȴԾʹ˻һһЩһƬŨڣֻеյҹˣȴһҲ᲻˯
ǰãˮĹж

˾࣬ȸ˾
һҹһټƨʵûӮյҪأһˡ
ԼҼߣûдٷΪȸ˾ҪǵҪ㲻̫ϸ
ҹһɫ쵽֮ϡĳҲ߸ߵ纳˸״Եʮ־
һרĵë࣬չϻϲһ߶֣һΡϰˣپϸķһĶãҲġ

ĲŻǺܷģΪ˾˵ȻҪΡ˾ΪңҲȤ𣿡
ŶȻȤһȤˡĬĬ²ۡ
Ȼһ𣺡á

ֻõʵһãһֱʮĽ⣬ҰԼҳԸʶһ£Σ
һɨһʣúò𣿡
˵ȷмƣ˵һĻҽ⡣


ÿһ¶ڵһͷϡ
һƺҲ÷ŵĻףȻʣɼ𣿡
һæ˵æйɼҡ˵˼ȴѾת˺ü֡ĪǶ˼
ϸһ¡ҲԣȻȤЩӢⲨָȨƣһ꣬ס˾ࡣլûУɼ˽Ҳʮָɾ
˵ˣöȽг͢нٺ´ûжù
ԣǮ

ֱѪ׬
ڰ˵˵ҲȷʵӦóɼҵˡ
һһ˼Ƭ̣Ժ㻹æһá
ţʣΪΣ

һѾģӣʼ뷨ġü΢˵㲻ɼңйæڡԲܳɼң˾ͻᷢ㡭
˲òڴĻΪһ衣
һһͷͼ

һݲ裬һ˵㣬úõһˣΪʲôƫƫҪһ죡Ժٲ£ҾǸ鳣
˾ͳ«
ǵһϤ¡˾ҹȹЩ̼ʻ¯˵һأܶʼУߡ
ҲΪ죬ҲûʲôԣӦãԼΪȻһأ
һȥѵһպĽ
ǣ벻ͨ

ڣҷƵ
ɫѣǷʳһ⣬л쳾ʦлܳѾȺˡ
޶֣ȭյ䣬Ƿ٣
ڵһǳɫȹׯġлܳлܳ岻ڣæˡ
쳾ɬð˵˵ʲôϲ׼ڡҲ׼ȥʦܼЦˡ

˷溬ߣǷ޶ۡлܳﻹʲôģ
˵ףһòԱл쳾УҲǶȻظӲ̤ҷƵл쳾У׼ЩʲôҲȻ
лܳһȻԭˡǿûʲôϾˡתˡ

ãƮƮһݣʦܼЦˡ
лܳĻļЦ˷򳪸棬ͬģ֮ģܳĽЦ
ĶׯؽͳȥصУȴл쳾Ѿ䴲¡ײ˻ƿȻղлܳʾ

·شϣ˵ȥҲҴ˱ϡСջãԸڵ㣬ȴ´ࡣ
ųõС
𣿣л쳾һֱѹֵڱץסڣŭͬлԪۣ֪ͬǸʲôˣܸʲô
֣á۾ѪֻΪȥҩɴʱ˿̣Ȱ˶Ӧŭ

л쳾סͬлԪΪ£ŸɡͳڡƣĴ㣿ſҡһס²֪Ҳ֤׷òã
쳾塣ظʣм֮ףҲ׷
л쳾ҡͷ˵ᡣ⻰˵ÿ϶㲻ϲġ

ָһ·ḧıǼ⣬ʣΪΣ
Ϊл쳾˵ȴͻȻΪֻϲҡͻȻðһͷԭһ꣬ʹһʯͷһľͷҲչ黹Що
û˵ȥ֪ΪΣǧ˿ơ֦֦ۡ

ƽ˵ʱҾҲͦõġ֪֪͸ʲôС쳾㻹ǵ𣿡
л쳾סûʹ
Ҳ⣬˵ֻлԪ֪еӵ˴ûͬ˵쳾һ¶̨һٴҲüįԴʵҲʱ԰οתߣ޶ԡ

л쳾ŭŻɳĴ£֪˼ȴˣ
ŭ𣬷ס֣Լϣ˵л쳾Ҽģĵˡô˵Ҳγϡ˺ѷһءһء

л쳾ʣ㱨ң
ǵǡҡͷ뵽ôǼЩΪӪûʱ䡣
֧͸Ĳ룬ܸо¶ȡ̾ϢŵиҪҪ˲ˡָḧ˳Ŷ
л쳾ӶرܿʼɣǲǸлԪķʲô
ŵĻݻжϡ֮ǰһš

ЦŰл쳾вʣڷſң黹ת㲻̫áһʦ֪飬Ҳܱ㣡ʹʱҲû
ȴǲ̫ں˵㲻ᱣҵġֻΪԼĬĬؽ¶̨ȻزչӴ𡣡
л쳾΢뷨ǰŮˣȻĻȴҲͨ͸ϻۡ
ѻûãޣ̫˽ˡ

ջ֣վĬȻעϵˡ
л쳾ĿӣʱãȻʧСעĿã˵㿴ˣ˵ô࣬Ҳûܵõһᡣ쳾һ꣬˾һҲ
Ȼ߳ȥҷƵǧ㣬ɷݡ
л쳾ҵһֵһġ˲ʰлᣬȥժģʹӡ




13.     һѵþһֺۣΡ

ʮ£
ҷƵſڣһ׷塣
ԭܹ֮һƬɵһƬɽ滨ľ࣬ŵ㡣
Ϊ峿񾲳ԡ
л赣þò㻹

׷塣
лܾﲻԡ
һ飬Ŀ˼Ȼƣģ塣ַ˼ҳҲû롣
ϾʱĳҲ֡

վң塣ɽĵѾʼյ䡣лûйȥл쳾һģ£ѽС
Զһջصڵ
ڵǽϣһֻ޴۾ǽͶһĻ桪һпڣл赶¥µʯʨӣܾԼʯʨӳ֡
пڣӦǷʲô¡

˼ȥȴû
Ϊ졣ɾģǽϵĻ沢δֹͣǳ͢ĶϾ˾Ҳʼģ͢Ѿռһϯ֮ء
лⷨⷨжۣ֮Լ֮˾ҲоͫʵԭơֻʵڲԸȡ˲֣ͬ
ǰֻ͢ڹȴѾˡ
һСǡη
л赳̾һԼӲҺãڻл쳾ҲǺˡǰľ顣

Ȼ֪ʲô
лԪϾڳǣһǵȵһһҲûţ߼£ҩ
˾൤ҩڣճƽҩͶҩɲѷɫлԪӽǴһԷ
Ȼл쳾ͷϻѾγʵ̫ˡ

һоȻ˾ע⡣
˾һ鰸չһĲɹӣü岻
ั»أлԪɹЩҪʲôˡҪ°
һ￴ҳӣָû棬ܺð֮кþûֿˡ
»ͷ˵ǲҲȥ
һЦһû˵

лԪգèץܡ
Ѱò˯һμл쳾лҪ
磬һҪĶһȡΪķлԪӹ˱ɡֻǳʺɫ֪ơ
лԪԷ֪ʮִǳҲ治ǺβʡΪⷨЧ𣿡

һ￴İɴӣԸл쳾û⡣
лԪ̳һ
һϲ¶ɫȴԲ²⡪ҪԸл쳾ţƾĵӣ
һ䣺ڶ꽻飬ҪѴһ䡣ⷨȡΪǶԷΪ֮ϣⷴߣǲܱġ

̽лԪķӦлԪԴں˵ȡΪͺã
˵꣬ⷨ̾˽İʯ͵˾ࡣһ￴ıʯиӡлԪЩƹڵ·֪˶ʯ
ż뿪лԪ棬˼
ѵ˵л쳾Ѿƣ

ôأл쳾ôˡлԪҪס̸ף
Ул쳾£ôһˡ
һһ٣»ٻر䣬ܼڡ
»һǣһﶢ»Ī»˾ģᣬ˵»л쳾򸾵١Ҫά˾棬Ҫ˾ͼѡ
Чܺáһػ֣ȥɡ

壬ҷƵ
л쳾Ѿһ첻Ӱ˵ʵʲôϾʱչأһ²Ҳǳ¡ǻһֱסҷƵˡ
л쳾Ǹ̰ɫˡĽڣϵһһҹȴϲڶ졣л쳾ҲڵȣΪ΢ֻҪ˷ֲԣܻ̾ȡ

Ŀӣ˫ֱ˻סھ綾ʱ̲ĥ
ЩסֻŲϣȴݵؽ˴ߡϣʧ䣬ʵ̫ĥһˡ
ۿڶˣķ·ҡҵڵļ̻֮궨롣ⶫ̫Ϥˡ

ҵҷƵ֮һл쳾ͽл쳾׽ƶ˵ҪΣȥѰ
˵ʱͣЦһϵŰ塣

ӹ壬֪ʦ͵ģʱûߡô뵽
˳ȥлƶ
лܳδл쳾ȻЩ֡лƶ־ҲлƶŮл쳾񣬴ԼŮҲʲ
ҷƵɡŮҲڣһڹڣһЩ֣֮ʲôö˵ģ

лƶл쳾æҷƵ
常һʱڵƶ𣿽ɡ
лƶԭЩɡл쳾ǰҪԻϹϾл쳾ɲϲ𳤵ĺӡ
̵ǡ˵̧꣬ߡ


л쳾ȻҲ֪ƾֶΣҪлƶ̫ˡҪŪʲôһһӴˤڵء
лƶż룬һ۾Ϳл쳾ڵϡ
常æǰҪл쳾ո֣Ѿһƻ󱳡

սлƶʵ
һ͵ϮͻȻȫ޷ʱǰһڡҪֿ֮ʱع˻֮̻궨롣
лƶҶˡΪڵŵӣ˭ʲô

̻궨룬ֿǰлƶ૵ƶ׻ǲİ˵꣬Цɡ
лƶǿ򶨣㵽׶常ʲôֻ֪ҪҺһ̾ͻ˳ᱻʬΣ

̻궨лƶŵɫˡæܿȻȰ˵㲻ẰġΪĺˣ̻궨Ҳһ­֮СʱҹȻһ˭־ȵأ
лƶ˵
ֻӯӯص常ҡ

л쳾ҪŻӡ
ǴЦҲ˺֪ġϾǵŮ
ˡл쳾֪޷ص⻰˶ġ
лԪĹϵڻŭˡ
ˡЦ΢磬һѵþһֺۣαطƢأ
л쳾

ɨһڶڣǲġ
һ̣л쳾еϣĵܽһǣûС̻궨лƶԣصúӣ˵常̵ƶ֪ˡСȴлƶͷƤϣҪŶ
лƶû취ֻô常̵ƶ֪ˡ

ĶĻ˿ɣ
ҷƵҹûһڲ鿴
л쳾о




14.     ףů

ʮ£
лԪ淵ʱĶᵽɤۡ
ƣ˭ǶԷѾʶıţеӲǡһ·ţ塣
Ҫʵģǰʣʦпչ

лԪлңǰҳȥ£ҲҪܣ
һ룬ҲǡʦԺҽȥͨ
лԪֹȴûκε¡ҷƵлƶлƶۣƺл˵
ԼŮлЦ⺢ӣչ˲ʦѵ˼䣬޳

ԣֻÿЦ˵ʦҿɲҾ㡣˳ƵСʦѾùʦҪϿˣʦڵ
ôˣҲãɡ
仰Ļԥ¾ǰ⡣лƶҪߣధؽʦ֣

Ǵͷֲ˵ˡ
̻궨룬Ͱ󾱡֪΢ʲôȱǰ书һԶԸлԪ
ǻ˵ĻǶԵġǵþȣ˭ܾȵ̻궨Լأ
ͷһȰЩ磬ʦʲôӣһʦˣȥԣҲˡ

ԣʦĸ˵ǡʦ谮СʦãᵱŴʦʦõġ
˵ֱ꣬ҷƵȥлԪ档
лƶıӰʧɴ֮䣬ϣ
ͶˣŹԡصڵл쳾۾ѪȾͨ졣ĪҪҶѪֹס

л쳾ŭѴα̬
׻Ϊδʱػ׻ΪʲôͻȻ䡣
ЮлƶҲֻ֣ܲ˵ϰˡ
һ̫ˣܶ¶ϰˡ

Ƭ֮лԪڡ
лƶͻȻʲôȻ㣡㾹ĺʹʦ˽ͨ
䣬лԪѾһ߹ȥлƶһʱ߷ڵء
۵Ķͬ˵лԪߵߣסҷƵޱϲס֣˴˵ˡҵİ˶ˣĻ˰ɣ

л쳾ֱö
֣ûзڿһлƶܷ˵ס©
лԪ治ΪȻСӣɱ˱ǣסʲ
лƶһȴǻˣ壿ķԹŮ常常ң
Ҫл쳾лԪ漸߹ȥһߵҹСҰ֣㲻һСɳ档ҪҵİĵĽգ͵ѧķ˲ӡǰȻ㻹ڣ

ƶ͵ѧķʲôʱ£
л쳾ãȻУû

лԪΪ˸һŲסлƶ֣ڣ㵹ǸǸٵһǿ׳
ˡɣҪΪһ¡סɡʵ꣬л쳾ȻлƶŮ֪ǻԹ̵λĹߡлƶģ¶̨
˺ܶ취Ϊлƶ̹塣Ůʱ֣˷ҡǾԼļױ鵤ɲݵӲǽлƶ˸ӡ

л쳾лƶʵȻҲϧֻԲϲ̫ܡлƶҲòԹɫͶ常ͲƲϵ
˼ҲͽһĵԼ࣬ȻҲҪ˽ྻǵҲûжԹôˡ

лԪ˵л쳾ԼǵãʵлƶȷʵҲйһĸŮ֡
뷨ֻһ˲漴⺢ǴСߣԻᴿࡣ
лƶı޸У⻰ȴĬĬ˺ܾáֻе⻰İ
Ȼˣνģл쳾һţҲ⡣

ҲûȥţлԪ˵ɰѷˣ
лԪһ˵ðʧ
˵䣬ͳһɡһķǰһӡɡչסл쳾лԪлƶ鷳ԽҲ˽
ⷨġܶԸл쳾ķֻ²̫ࡣ

ѵɻ׼һʧ飬һӦԡ
лԪҲѣѾڳ˺Щѵ֮Щ꣬ûаװƿڵ·Ŀһɨϳмɷ
лԪΪ˶Ըл쳾ҲǶȫˡ

Ŀ΢̧עɡֻǺɡſת漴ͨ졣лƶͷϿʼл쳾Ҳƺһϵ˻סеΪ
ɡͨ죬ˮл쳾лƶǱ÷ɵķʦһ
ӡɷ裬̫ױϡһۿ
֣С

лԪѾ׼ʼͨȡл쳾Ĺл쳾ȶȴʵ࿹Ƭ֮һȪ£ӿлԪ档
վߣصȴǿһɣȻôҶԸлأ
лƶûһʧȥΣ±һֻʧΪĴһͳ˺ɡΧ֣ԥһ£ȴġ

ɵӣ㻹ֻҡ̾૵ʵһֱмġϧԼҲǵˡ
֪˭л赸ܡл쳾һ䣬ǰ׷忴һۡŲ£ͱл赵õϢ
л赳ֺ飬ʩ̻궨Ŀ̡
ϧʲˡǣûļ䡣ʱĵʮꡣĲ룬ֱҪΪԼĻصˡ

л쳾ǹлԪȡϰ죬òͣЪϢ˿˲ͷˮס󣬼飬Щɫġ
°ͣ˼л쳾ḡЦл쳾˰ޣȴ֪㵽ж
Ул쳾ʼҿԡ˫ĿʧҲһֱĬʲôŭݡ
лԪ棬ǽбģȴЦѵɻԴΪأֻҹζࡣ
˵ǡлԪ浽׾л쳾ǲҴ⡣Ϣ´߶

һߣлƶĿȴעŷϵʦӡ¡
һ֪ʲô
ΪʲôԼԵ޹ⳡξ˶ôˣ
ǵ֮ǰһҪԼ𣬲֪ξǺݡϴƣܾˡԼһѾԵһơ
ΣףůɣȻ⹷Ҳӡ
ĬĬ롣




15.     µһԨɣ

ʮ£
лԪʱл쳾Ϊ
ڵأʼϢЩǿĹл쳾ڵ඾δȫʧ̣ޱȡ
ǰѵһɡŵһߡϵл쳾ȡҪΪȻˣл쳾һƿ

лԪˣ㻹ʲᵽزɶδ˰ɣ
̾һ˵Ҳ˰ķޡ
л쳾ȥϷϰߣۺʱ¡
ûǺȥص֪˵Ҳƽϡ
лԪ˳һֽͬˣɱйߡ

ɱл쳾
˵ξ죬֪ǲʲôıȴҲʲô⡣ξˣѺǲҲ
л쳾ʵ̸ʲôޡֻԼҪȡƺûĵ
˵ȻѾûвɺβһ

лԪͻȻЦҾ֪᲻̫ߵл쳾ߣȴ˾ҪأĻڣôܰĵؽ֮λأ
ָ֣ΪҪɱ޸֮л쳾̫ˡ
ûֹ˽Եɲл쳾ҲΪѵɾͲۿ֮λνڷαл쳾ٱ𣿡

ⷬ׾ٵ˵ĿϡлԪջ֣⻰е
ȻԼܱл쳾ٱ
˵ǿǵܵ
ߵǰ˲Ϻ飬˵ȻѾĹڣ棬Ҳˡǲһ£λ£

ᵽл赣лԪ浱»Ǵ˸
ԱŶ˵л쳾񼡪лԪ棬ҪʲôȻôˣ;ᰲʲô֮λѾˡαٳı
ΪЩΪ

лԪüͷ壬»Ҫӳ顣ϣ½ƿ֮У£²ҡӡ仰˵Щҧгݡ
аͷлԪ棬ʱ˿̵ǴЩȻ⻰еΣֻݲ㣬ҡҾ͸·ˡұͲϲ
лԪû˵ҲףͱȥлһɱҷƵڵⲽһʱ֮벻취Ϊꡣ

ע֮˵֪£޷ǾɱңɡȻɱɱϾ⣬л쳾ΪԺ󣬶ȻǿػڣپӸλġɣʵ޷ɣ
ֿСл쳾ԽԽԡڻǰһѡ⻰ȫô˼ˡ

ȻлԪѾһĿϹһߵߣغݺһϼһңһƬѵһؿȥ𣿣
ѾʣǡɻΣ
ȻлԪӿŭգлԪҪڵɣ˭ҲܵңϼһҲУ

ʱϵл쳾ȻףҪʲô
ҪԸл赣
һֽסأŭ磡Īܻƻ󣬴Ůն񣬾ţף֣ܶ
ҲȰɣ쳾˵öԡϾ׸ӰȻƫ쳾һЩΪӣܶԸԼأ

ȰãһȰлԪеĵ̶ϲյһϵл쳾ס죡ףҿװɣСֻ㣬ʲô
ּأ齵л쳾Ϳ˶ǲܱһյڶǣʱѪ档һæǰ鿴л쳾ơ
л쳾˼㣬һѽƿһƣʱڵءͺһסԼף޹ǡʤ¡

лԪæŭָл쳾ĶȻϹ˺ãûˤţ
ӯӯ˵֪Щ˺ܶί֪ġͷлԪͷ㣬лԪĶˡ
Żļ磬˵һ𣬰Ǹϼһ¡Ҫڣϣ
磡л쳾лԪħϣȥκεĹȰ

лԪ仰Ȼжȴ޳ɡ˵ǱϾ׸ӰɡҲֳҵĻʵˣҲǸӾѡ򡭡
û˵꣬лԪ͵㲻Ȱˡ㡭һΰɡҲͬһ
л쳾о

ɡͷұֻһһˡܵʶ޻ڡ
硭л쳾ƺ֧ߡ
лԪüأлԪҪ´Ƭ̣ȻҲܾ˵Ȼһ죬Ҫúùġɴϴһɺã

лԪɫϣĻܾãã
ǹʼʩ¯ɲƵϡлԪѼͣȻл쳾֣л쳾ϵлԪ˳عȥ齣һԵֽԵл쳾
л쳾һʵʱ򣬾Ѿ֪ʲô

ʹ㣬ǵӦ֡ټԵԲһлԪѾ˻
̯л쳾ģһл쳾ϸһǾȻлƶ
Ϊûɱ֪ŭã䵭
ߣۿлԪԼ裺ΪҲ֪֮ǲ֮ҲɥǸӣ˵дҲǵĴֺαغһ

л쳾ĻӦǼʲôʱ˺αƵıƤ
ͬܣ˵˺ˡסл쳾֣һԼֱƤһˡ
л쳾Ӷس֣ЦЦҲЦׯġл쳾ŵĻʣ㷽˵ģ֮ʲô˼㵽׷ʲô£
˫ֱϥҲ˼ã˵Ҳ֪л쳾ͷл쳾Įܿ˸գ˵ͻȻ֣Ǵû˵ʵҺ㣬һûаҡһ˿һûйʳ𰸱Ȼʧ
ϥϣ̾Ȼʧ

л쳾ûлشΪʱ˿̣Ů鳤
ֻ֪׷ʲô£ʲô취ؾ档ûСлԪ˵ߵһ޿ˡ
ʧһл֪飬
л쳾ֻܵҲ֪Ϊʲôѡ·ԾĹ
ǰ˫òӦôһ
µһԨɣһǡﻹʲôĹ

ϥûͼл쳾
ʵߵˣͲһûʲô




16.  ѩ   氡

ʮ£ѩ
Ͼ˾ࡣ
һӭλˡϧơӳ
ţҲǴϧһ˲ţоˣ˵䣬ƺþ˼ƣʶڳ֮ԺŵξƲմơ
ӳҳһ׼ĸ֣òֱΩΩФʱΪһŮӣ񶷡һʦ˷壬һ۾϶Ƕһȡ·ЩˡҲø˷Լһʱ嶯ʮְûڣΪͽʳŮҲ޸

ơƣ˸սţ̺
ӳһһȳһյ߽Ǳ˶ˣһ棡Ҫ˵͸ðݻңһӱ̤żҴţҹܶ
ϧƲƲ죬ʾм

˸սţ»Ѿ˾ƽ˹ֲ֪ˡ
һͽӳ̾ǰһ̳
˵Ҫȴܳʵ»ĬȻشˣǽֵܣϷƾɣ⼸꣬ǸУ˵ΪԼҷ˶ĵҪŮӡ

Ȼһ򻰲ĺϧ˵С¡
ԱֻźȾƣӳӻͺϧķˣиδ󡣺μɩɩϣпռ
˵꣬ƾʹˣμɩɩϲ㰡˵ôԺãƷԶ˷ǸμɩɩСýףԺǿɾԼˡ
ϧ𸽺˾䣺ԡ

ӳѾһϵһļ磬˵ʱֵĸز㣬ٽǶСĵˣ
ǿɹϲˣη˳ĺ绢ã˵ҲǸǣʱɿɾǾĽˡ»չⶶĬĬ롣
һ鰸ϸ˼ãȻϿҵ˵лη̧ȷʵҲլ飬ȱһλֻ±һ£λǰæ֮󣬱λǰһͬǰθлˡ

˼ˣ
ɺǸˡϧȱ̬˵
ӳҲԼֵܣʲô˵
ֻ˺ȾƣȴҲûͷ
һ鰸ȡһŵӣݵǰǰãлԪ˾Ĳɹӡ˵ͷ鿴ʱһ䣬˽塣

˿˰죬૵صڣҪ°
Ҳɸ̾ЩĪҪ췴
ϧû˵ȴǶŵӿܿ죬ָǼȡΪķʣ⣿
һ˵ҲлԪɹ
ϧһѽ̳鰸ϣ

Ϊ˵꣺ˡ
ϧֵ롭
Ƽ䣺Ը˭
һһʯ쾪Ĵ𰸣ƣǶԸл쳾
˴󾪣ӳʣ⡭л赵˼
һҡͷл赶л쳾һأǶʮ䵭лԪ棬ΪҲʵǽлûôͿ

˼ȥϧ˵
ӳ޿˵һ֪𣿡
һֵλǰգҲ̽ڵ
ϧ𵱼СС
Σ˵ʲôǰԺֵˣ
һɫСлλ硣
˶ʱĻϲԼǰڡ

ʱڡ
лԪոմӻþѡȹڵϡлԪҡҡͷ˵ʵ̫꣬׹һ㡣
̾һΪۣ˵Ҳ֪ɻж֮ڡ
лԪֱģȥҵ

æɡ
лԪһ٣Ȼǲ⣺ΪΣ
ʮǨͣɣ׷þ֮ＫΪϤк쳾ǿȻвôܷأ
лԪȻʣƲߣ

һл쳾˵쳾Ϊʦͽȴ縸ӡɲȥ棬˵쳾˲ӣȡ֮󣬶ȾȺ쳾ʱ̻֡
лԪ޵
㣡л쳾һ裬ָŻ˵Ϊ˸֣ɲл쳾塣һ־Σ̱С͵Ϯɱһʧ
лԪȻʣл쳾һƽ֮ιȥͳһƿƿƿз۳л쳾ϡ

Ƿ۳ɫϸףޱζȥл쳾İΪһ塣лԪȴһ䣺߶ҺɵĶۣ綾򲻿ɴ
߶Һߣ֪Ǿ綾ޡЩ꣬Ѿ벻ܵõ
лԪһ˵ȥҵ
æ˵ڴˣɡȶȥлԪе㲻ģµ޷εķҲڰҡ
˵꣬Ӵİٱȡһ磬ݸ

ŷ֪࣬Ҳֻ֪֣ⷨýӹϡϵ´ʱ俴ӡ¡һ
ˡ
лԪ鿴ЦЩ˾پƷ඼ҹáͷȴΪڻԵҾҪҵı£
ۿлТЦ˺󣬵Ҿɼ

лԪȻȥǲȥл赡
Ϊ岻Զһл赾ʹҴҸлԪе£׵Ժ˵ʱڶ쳾
л赲磬첽ߵǰһ۾Ѿл쳾˫Ŀش
̻ܣлԪ漱ˣȾɣ

л赵˼ûô
ʣڴˣҷƵ˭лԪ̷ңл赶ԼĶӣɣʣ˵ʲô
лԪ漱֮У֪ӦԣҪʱ֣
Ҳǳл쳾Ϊת޵ϣġű˵Ĺ²ֱӸԼ׶֡

ԥʱͻȻлǰ
лһҲڣʱŭʣΪڴˣ
ƾ壬ȻĿʹл赵Ь⡪ּˣ档ʺȴǼңˡ쳾ղ֪˭ҥԣ˵硭岻ʣ϶˳ͻ

޿䣬Ҽòᣬ뻤Ŵߡȴ˵һ̹磬类Ҳͬҡ֪粻Ķֲ֣ҽˣּҳֻǰסҪ嶯˭֪ŭ֮£һѪֲ˫ۡ
ȻǻˮлһƻȥֻؿһɴʹѾɵǽߡ

ſڵϣѪӱǺȴŲȣûϢлԪȻ޷л赡лⷬ˵ǣ룬ǰл쳾Ϊл쳾ϼϸ΢Ļҳδ
һ֪ԣ
л쳾ΪѾʣ޼͵̧ͷҪʡлԪƴȫƳһƣ֪ɰڴһ٣ʹ˳̵ľ
лԭԵһ߶ҺԣҲô졣

ǣлԪĹɻδ⣬ȻһƴԼĶӡлԪֻвɡлԪ˽⣬ɹԴһˡ
ɴʱлԪ棬Ϊӵл쳾˳ȫһƹȥȻһɢܣл起θһ𣬶ʱҲѪ׼ٴξͻȻ֮䣬ԼһƬһƬϸܵƬɫۡ
Ƭ̣лԪٴһƹȥӶƷײл赺ײǽϢңȡ˺쳾Ĺ

쳾лԪЦñߣҲӣΨһĹѪΪʲôֻܿһл쳾
ϣлķζҪըʵΪʱͲۿ֮̿࣬һͬȣοΪ˿Խྻ㣿ô꣬ΪĳΪἰΪ㡭

ˣס죡лԪŭ۾ֻܿл쳾ǧôԽҪлء
л˵ô࣬ȻҲʱ䡣һѩ׵⻪֡Ƭ֮䣬Ѿһط
֣վУɢմѪȻҲ˲ᡣŭӣô˵л赶ӣȴ׻ǴЩ顣

þȫһлԪ۸ϡɡƾ͵Ϯܵ֡ʶƽĻĶ֣
ֻһ죬ҷƵȻһлԪڵأлҲһѪӶ˿νܾˡ
ƣǱСεġ⣬лܳѾٸ
棿лܳź

л赲ҳлԪȻѾʧȥս֮£
лܳ¹ģҲΥ
л˷󣬻ߵлԪǰһѾסлԪͷһᣬ̧ͷлԪ壬һʱ֮仹δϰǿԪ
ȫشʱʵ˵òᡣ

лĿҪճһ˭ȴ£
Լʮ˽⣬飬Ҫл쳾Բ󡣵ʼգҲûлɹսΪŵҲ硣֮Ϊϣôỳ
лԪҲΪǻŴ˵һƫл쳾ô֪ҵĸܣ

ĸܣл赱ŭԼãɫѵڻָ㲻ɣ
лԪŭָл쳾һɽżҰ֣Ͳں˭ʲô飬ֻں˭ã
Ҫǲ飬Ѿһߡ

л赻˵ͻȻס󣬿ȥѾˡ
ϸ룬л赵ĺлֻһ飬Ҫֻлٶȶ˲̣ͻȻ̫ܿơ
γȻԼϵ㷴ӦҲûС
лͫ׽ɢȻʲô̻궨룡

Ϊں廹΢΢ûˣĿѡڽѣҪȴһͷԵڵء
ҪʧˡʼѪŵڵϣ֫鶯л赣ֿޱȡ
лԪлߣȻ¡һʣġ

죬ûڣѪѾǺסŻѪ滹ŷθ顣ָֻһָǽǡﻹһɡǵһ죬ȡ˹ķ
лԪ͵˼ɡȥ
氡л赵½ǣһֱЦһЦЦţѪһ㣬εવشлϡ




17.  (v)   ҵ׻ǡ

ʮ£
ڳ˴£
л쳾ͻȻ御ʧ˱չءл߻ħԴֻлԪͻȻΪǣԶʢʱڵл赣
ͷȻΣ˶סлܳ塢ûа취
лԪǿˣѰ·

лܳ彫л쳾лһͻ׷壬ҽΪ
лԪ߾޹˼ɣ֮λҹ㷢ǰݺءӵ־ɡʵû취ֻҺϧ顣
ϾлԪǸʲôҶ̫ˡ

׷塣
л赱˷ϣڵĵжǳƲ
лܳǹǰ˵⼸﷢¡лԽ۾ɵԽ
ԪҪںռ֮λȻգ˵õŵŮǰõţ佻ʮŮǡһͬϹлܳԼ˵ȥˣ棬ŵһڰȥǺã

лֽŲƤ£ȴһ취ûСΪ̻궨­ԣ״֮Ҫ΢Щ
ȻҲòȥȥӶǱ
лܳҲʹס֣˵쳾˳أʧΪ۾֡ǺȬе̻궨룬ٲݷ޴롣氡Һô죿
л赶۾ɵͻۿȻҲ˵һ仰

ڵҲòȥ
л赵ʱһƣִȡǿŵڣ޷ǵһ
лԪ浹ˣ㲣Ļʲô飿ֻͶ˱˻

Ȼˣν
ѹҲںֻÿＸԵؿл赡֮ŭɶ
л쳾ڵľ綾аٲݷľľΣҲЩתϾʧҵĶҩһ඾Ҳ
Ի˯δѡ
úõڣ̶̼վȻ;ĩ·

֮ڵٿδ䡣
лԪˣϲݻĳϣȻʱִ٣ȴ˿Ҫȵл쳾֮λųʢźá
һ磬֮쳹šڵ̺̺𲭡

лԪ洩һʼ˰ݺءԼΪǿǰͷǰƽõģƽʱͽҲҲ·ȻҲϴС
һʱ֮䣬ǰݺߵҲﲻ
лԪ沢ߺˣʮ˵ĴҲŵһǰ

Уں˾࣬ĴҲʮӴ
һǺϧ⽣ڡ
Ƶĸ
ӳĹȭš
ǰ׹£֮ҽ¡
ţԻڡ¶ɽСţǱ㲻ɼˡ
лԪбǽ壬֮λЩҲˡ
ſճϯλлԪʱĲá

ʱ˾࣬˾
ԺϧơӳΪ׵Ķʮλ˽Ծۼڴˡ˵ЦǶ͢˾ٰӣȴҪڴ¡
һλվżั»˾ټơ
λšϽǳݡԻԻ뷢԰ףŹȣλлԪӸţ̡л֮ҵȻҪȳ˲ǰ

⻰˵óϿң˶һ۵һ
˵ʵ״ֱ̬Է书Ϊ˾ЦͲˡˣ
ϧ˶ġ
ϣһ˵˾Ҳ֮һ£岻ݴǡ
סӦôˬ죿أƶһֻۡ»⡣

ϧ˵롢롢롭
ֲ˵Ƶ֣Ǵǰڸ硣лԪ湦ֵز
ϧͷ˶һһҲá
΢΢üԼҼĵԡƷ£̫ˡʱѵ´ңȻ˾ˮ
ΪδӦ˸ɴࣿ

ҺüȻͼัĬ»ֻˣ֮УʱҲҪ¡
⻰һ֮Щ衪Ȼ˾໹ŵġ
˭֪һȻΣȻǽϧˡ
⡭ʱʮ־šϧΪƷԸ߽࣬ҲϵëҪսǰԱ˵һꣿ

ϧæ
Ƶ粻ʡԺֵҪӭȢҴõˣҲԼˣŷʲô˴ˡֵ¡ȥڣҪʲôģ»ֵܷġȢϧãλһʱʮ־塪Ȼܸɳֵܵģʿ
һﾹҲƴǣˬɡ˵꣬תͷԸัǰȸ˾ЩֵķٱЩҩӦʱ֮롣

λһһ
˿ϳеģҾֻҪðˡΧɱǲ°ôоˡⲻԼҳǮܳû֣ٲеֱٺòˡ
һԣЩ֡ģҪر˾ԣ󶯸ɸԸлԪ棬ʵԶٳ֡ʱܻһգ˾ͳţ˳£

ʮַһֱһͳ˾üۼ˼֮ɫ»Ȼʣ벻װɣ
ัָ̣ƹһҾ
»˫һһĪ⣺֮ⲻھơ
ƶ»һԼɡ

˵Ż»Ȼ뿪ƶıӰ˺ܾá˾Ӫı㶼ǹٳһס˾⣬ĥװס
ſⲽ˰죬ǲҪ졣
ɻô˯
ƽǡ

һ硣˾ıͽڡ
һ±ﶼЩֹ˾⼸꣬ʵҲ̫Ѹ͡ⱦ㲻ѷɫ
һﵱȶУڵĵӼЩζӳ¡
ǰڸ߸ϡλ˾Ҳǵۡڣֻǽˡ
ǧţ֮䣬һ

һ֪͵ɽܿͺ԰
ѾвϯһɨһȦ֪һЩں֮ڡȻϧ˷ϯЩ˿νμ
лԪӭЦͬ˺Ȼ֪ƣұϾͷҲûе˺ƹ˺˸ҲͰˡ

лԪȻ˼
һﱧȭæȴԳءСܸж֡ɼΣ
⻰һﲻ̫ûءϴдһǼֹ꼴١Ӧˣպ֪γЦӦʱҪ֡Ҫ֪£֪
ڣóˡ̵Ԫ棬֮Уϧűߡá


ϧվҷƵǰʼ
ȻлԪֿҫ֮ʡⱾǼ˷߿֮£κȥǱ֮ܡΩкϧĿİͰͣôԲ˺ȾƣǿûЦ
лԪɫࡪϧƽʱԣ֪˿ڼȻһʼޱ飬ͺ

ҹｻ֮ͣЪ
֪͵ӽһڱͷЪϢлԪ§µõļˣһΪʿҲΪȻ
ڵرܡ

׷䰲
ƫֱסл赡л쳾ͻΪӶȥæδˣֻмٲݷĵӦ
ٲݷûʲôսһű䣬ɵؾͽ˷ŵˡ
̤УŵǺصҩζüͷ»صϢҵһƫŽȥϹȻŻ

֪ˣмֻϲ
벻ǻܼ氡˵
һüϵŮӲеӡеĻׯȴġֲᱻκڸǹâŮˡ
ע⵽Ŀ⣬˵ѿˣǲǣ

һﴹĿ⣬ôӣ
ԱǹģʶѾáʵ˽Ӧʮǳǡһ£ȴܶһǰ
ôһ£ֿʼѪ

һﲻҽҲ֪š
ʣҽ𣿡
Цҡҡͷ˵βˡǿһǿ㣬һʱϲҿҲ粻
һ䵭ȴһֱû̧ͷã˵һֱΪúܺáӦúܺã𣿡
һı󡣲Ӧúܺ

ˡ˰֣˵ܴһ¶̨𣿡
һüʣʲô
̾ҵ׻ǡϰԼôǱġܻȥٿԻ·
һû˵ֻ

ҹڣµա
ʮְɽҲûѲߡһﱧƹЩƻרССЩ꣬ڵĵ·ҲѾʮϤ
ᱧţĿܿҹ˿ӴС

һĽų̺ܿ죬Ųȴᡣ
ֻúƽȡǼ˾࣬һҲϰߡֻϧһн顣
ȵ¶̨һʣںδ

ָָķ䣬һŽȥ
û֡ƺ޽ġһһ֮£Ҳʮ·Ķࡣ䷿һ䣬ȫȹ
һﵱȻ𾪣һ׹ٷףﶬס򵥵һװ»ÿճһ룬ġ
û취ֻýЩȡһһԼǰȻѡ
һЩģ˰׼⣬ֻһͷˮ
ЩĶ

Цð죬ѡ˳Ⱥȹȹɫ֮Ҷǡ֮ޡ
һｫȹùʣ㻹ܻ𣿡
ҲûһǿȻǿʼ¡һﾲĬرȥվñֱͶӳǽϵӰӣ




18.  ȥ   ߰ɣҴȥ

ʮ£ȥ
¶̨ԶǼžġڣл쳾Ҳʱ
ȹתͷһȻȥױ̨𣿡ȻģԽĶ֡
һû˵ַֻһ·ױ̨ǰ

ɢΪԼ纷
һվͭ󣬾ĬؿеȻ纷ȴ̫ˡͷҲࡪ֣ԼΪʲô˵һҲ֣
ױ̨ϺüϻﶼΣܿΪԼһ٣˲ҡλȻЩƿƿ޹ޣʼΪԼױһؿɫƣɫ󣬼һ㡣

⣿
ݡ뵽ǽʽĻױЦһһ˲ջĿ⣬ת𴦡
ﲼõüΪܰһϸ磬Ҳ˰ɣ
л쳾Ҳʮ
һ뵽ˣʱĲá

תٿȴѾʮ鶯ɫˣʤδ֮ʱ
ǲ˵л쳾ʵûһ㬡
ָָһ䣬æȥ򿪡ȫЬðɣðɡ
װɫϵɺһ˫ָӡһһһŵľ˰죬˳ȻضȥЬЬϡ

һУ̧ͷƺҲʶף˵˾䣺Ǹ
Ȼ⡪ڵһǰûʲôŮ֮ˮɣ
˵ҹΪѰң
һһ漴ʸڷϣΪ˲鿴л赺л쳾Ƿթ
ŶһҾôң¶̨˴ҹ

仰û˵Ʊε£һ򲻻
˵лԪȡǵĹ壬ԼԣѲΪ塣лԪô޴֪ҲǼ°ܽ
һ̲סʣ׷ʲô£˭㣿
ЦһЦͱѪǺסʡһ߿ԣһҡͷЩ£ͬл쳾ҲͰˡһϾǸˣ˵š

Լ죬ѪεջȹϡһԼ˿ݸ죬һֱȡһǰվһ˵ʰлԪ棬Ҵȥ׹£֮
ҡҡͷĬĬ
һһδûڻһ䣺𣿡
ڣ΢Ц̵صûдӦ𣿵ȻڰҼʹǼ޸㣬Ҳþ⡣ͷ૵οҶٻм顣
ǣֹ顣ֻ˵š

һȥϣЩ˹ľľ˼װ顣
ڰҹɫվůʣʣ뿪ɲ𣿡
Ц⽥գ˵
һס֣˵֮һԸлԪ棬ȻҴɲ֮Ϊβ
֧룬ָ¶ˮ̧Цӯӯؿһǳǳش𣺡ð

ڵһƳص֮ʱһ׼ص塣
һڷ䣬ĪЩģҷȥͤҺܿͻ
áҲϲðߵԶŵһｫȥյ۾Сͤ£µ峿

һɽȥûбˣΪ֪Ҫ֪Ϣ
лԪǸΪл赺л쳾Ĺɸǡ˺࣬һ˫֣ȡ˵ܳżʱ
ҷƵʱлԪó

ҹˮ磬ǵ졣
ΪϧһĺҶ۵òᣬҲֱʱ˲½롣лԪ˫һ̧ѹѹ֮գʽӹΣΪ
ͻȻ˵š

תͷȥֻһˣ˹
лԪһˣʱɫ䡣
л쳾ҧгݵص
ģȻǰл쳾ֻ˫۹籣֮ϣɫ԰ֽʮϯȫվ

лܳҲȥסл쳾
лԪ浱Ȼ֪˭ˣŭһʲô˼
һﻺߵл쳾ߣȻȴǵ˵𣿡
л쳾վ˫ĿäΪʧ˶Ȼվñֱһһ֣λлԪı𳤡棬ɥ±֮ͽܼλ֮ʦл֮ܳλͽΪ׷

һ˾һⲻ֣ܶ˶µˡ
ڣл쳾ʧлԪȴл赶˵ĹζԸ
л쳾ȻҲ뵽ˣ俴ȴ΢΢תͷȻ˽Ҵн֮
һ˵Ҵ˺ϧ˹㿴Ǻгġʲôأ
ǲö˵ġԵһδܺšϧˣơӳˡ֧֣ŲŻͬͬ¡

л쳾ɫ䣬ϲҪʲôڣ
Ȼһ˵лûˣҵġҼʲô
ԱߣлԪȻŭȽˣ
ʱҪлֻܴܳڵĵȳȥΧڵĹ˼ֲ̫áһ˵л쳾Ҫһֽ顣
͡飿ʲô飿л쳾üãڷӦʲô飿

һվǰȴĻش
л쳾ȴʧЦʣôģһﲻл쳾ҪЦһѪɫȴ͸˫۵籡ã˵á˵꣬ЦͬˣҲԸϢͩ
һ֣佫պīݵл쳾ϡл쳾סʣֱֽ̿ҳѹ󣬿ʼʡ

һûٿл쳾һŵǧ
սȦΧɱлԪ档лԪŭһһ˫֣𵶣һƷ硣ϧҲûšս˭Ҳ͵

ʱ¶̨
ͤУѾɱս֮
û忴ʵ¶̨ƫԶǿġ̫֪ˡſʯϣĲѾڻֻʣССһ顣
᲻ð

ϧߣֻһĬ
֣һ֦⣬ûδѩȻҲǲġ÷Ҷ޻ֻ֦Ӱб
ҾȻһѩѩڿ֦⡣

ḧŹͺ֦ԼУǰǰǸ¡
һ֦л쳾ͳɲٱ֮ʣ˻֦˵쳾ȥ֪Ƿټ֮ڡ˻ѩΪȡ˺ĺǡĺĺʱ
һȻָ˺¶ѵ޺ۼǵǸӹ֦ʱı顣
л쳾ҵ׻м顣
ҵ׻顣

塣
л쳾˫ĿѪֽ߳ҳʼպѪ졣ڻдǷ顣˫ĿäȴȻƯһΪˣЩϿһ˿ǻǱûС
֪ԼĴȴȻ£º
һлԪһ֣ݵؽӹǷ飬ۺ֮뻳СлԪ滹ڽֻ

ڳЩˣһ֣֮
ʱͷ񣬾ΪЩҲԹۡ
ԸΪĶоˡΧŹʲô¡һһġлԪ浽ʲս鲻࣬ұ˵δȫ
ϼ֣ʧ

Χɱһȥʱʱ䡣
˽мˣᵽ΢ɼơʧǴЩϾܶƷһҲ⣬иҪ¡
űлֳܳ漴Ҫ뿪塣֮ʱл쳾ͻȻһ
һͣ½Ųл쳾ͻȻʣ֮䣬ǷʲôҲ֪£
ʵʡһ侲ǣµ׷塣
ȴվʳôһ䡣
֡ƽ

һûӿŲ¶̨
̤εĹţͤУͤ˶ϣȹ죬ӳһƬӰ
߰ɣҴȥָ֣δܴ
翪ʼŤΣ飬Ρ
еĺڻ




19.  ͬ   ˣָʲôë

ʮ£ͬ
ٴ۾, һƬڵһĴ֮ϣ𱻷紵վȣҡҡλΡѩ, ֨һ֪ѹĸ֦Ѿ
ղšһΣ
Ŷ˶Լ, Ȼһ㷴ӦҲûСɵöʧ, ֱ޲ýԼ˺飬ֻܰضͷϵɴʡ糱ˮ㽫û

ѾˣΪʲôҪţ
뷨γԺһ, ûܽѹȥ
Ͳȥ»ɳ, һɡ
۾ʼɬ, һߵ޷öǰűѵʱ, ҲǿԼǡ
ݵξ, ȴ׵ػ

͵رƿ, 紵ѩ绨, ˽
, ůò׻˲ɢ˸ɾһ, ֱ齡ÿɴʣԺúõţһ
۽ۣ΢΢һȥɴ衣һ, ˵ǲ˯Ҵİɡ

˵꣬ȡ磬عһ㣬Ȼϡ
ЬȻ˵ղһΡ
ƣһѾϰĲӦ˵μлԪл赺л쳾Ϊ
𾪡

һš
ѩ紵۾һѩӯϥ
˵ΰдߴɵһȴû˵ȥԼûлӦĶԻü˰ɡЩʧ
һｫƵ鷿ϡ

䣬Ƥľˡ
һｫŵůĽ䣬ϵժˣҵϡȻȭסʣؿԡ
ͻȻմʦʮѵǱѩһ˺֪Ϊˡ
˾Ҳ֮һΪ֮ˣӦúܽ׳Լл쳾ûô

һһ鰸鰸ϣѻһġ
ȡպīͷ
ڽҰܺáԿ鷿ȻҲһɫȻ԰ף϶ȴ졣鷿ֻ̼ȼպֽҳɳɳ
ľƽ䡣һ·ȥÿһ顣ȻĿ䵽һϡ
ӣͿϾᶯ

ֱɫһｫòˣΪϵãë̺Ϊ˫ϣš
ɡҲûá
ѩأعѩ滯˶Ҫһ
һܿһط

ᵽŨصķȻ׹һã
Ȼһչȥſھƿ˵ӡŻȥѾ˺ЩˣڳԷ
æ
һȥѩ˵ͷʾҼԷŻů¯ӡ

оԼֻˣϾĶʵǺ䡣ûа취˹ԱСǴúʵ綳ˡ
һ£аӡȻ緹Ѹٵ˹
ξͷڵһԱߣϵķˡ޷ǾǰӡࡢѼһ̲ˡΪʧ˾緹ͳЩʳһǵĻа

ô룬ȴһµĵ߹ӷŵǰ˵صһõ顣캮ůůӡ
ǰĵӣȻʢŰţ飬Ʈżõ塣
Ȼղôʮֶ£ʮֶ£ʱջǰĻţӣŷθ⡣

һ΢΢ͷࡣ
ǰһ仰֪ƨĶ˵طʱʮָˣӦõӦõġ˵ȥ
һ￪ʼԷʵٹ˾Ȼ͢ϾҲ֮һٹʳ֮ŵı޿Ρ
տϳԶԭ
ؿһԷ˶Ĵ

Ļػֱ޴ʦ˼ҿǻ۽𾦡һ֪صںδ
ǴһȻѧŵɣǣ
Ǻɫ漴λүɾһˡ
»Լһ̾֡ں»㱻˸ۻӡ

ֻվкัั
»һգ캮Ե㡣
ظлัġ
ԶЩ˾Զٷۡڣл쳾лЩ˸Ͳȥáǰõţ飬ŲѾ
Ȼ»ͱһҲڴ˴

Ȼ»ͱ
һﵭ
ӱ棬ů¯ռһ棬һһ档һߣֻǰŵһ»һߣŲЩЩط
俴Ҳûֱڻ¡

»ֻõั
û¡һӣ˸Ѽʼ˿˵ԳԳԣ
֪Ŀζģʱ̶˱㶼ǻʳ˹һܲؿʼϵ𵶣ͷʮֿ࣬һ𵶵ĵ͵Ż
һ¿ӣĿĵؿ»غ䡣

ָָ⣡ϱϲ
һӣСⶼЮ˵ั⣬ͣˡ
಻࣡ϲЦտնħΪ¹ٱ
һͷȻ࣬Ǳั֮󣬾Ͱѩɨ˰ɡ
һˮ֮ǰԼߴ˴
»µؼԷЩһȰȰסġȻһ֮ڣ뿴˾һѩ
ŶŶԷ

˼ԷԱߺ˵˵һΡμڵлԪǸ쵰ˣȻǼ
˵һ˶һ١»һ۵һһ̵
˵˶ʱ󾪣æܹัС˵ʲô
Աߵһ˵˵㶼μʲô

˲֪һξǵüͼัע⡣˵Сġμڳ¡лԪȡл赺л쳾ΪΪšǼȺۣǰڣаҷ
һ˵һ͵۴һԼ˵òס
ĿӶͣ㶵˵Ρ
˵˶Ҳμˡ
ô˶ͬһΣ

»һһۣ˽üͷ塣ʱϧŵȼλǰǰ
ϧˣ֪ˣζơӳҲˡ
Ȼ»᲻ҲͬΣʶҴҸԲߣ
ʮһȴŹ֡ǰſЯŮ죿
̵ؼŻ˺ηԼη˵á˵ҹżһΣ˵Ժŵʮ⡣ηҹߴǰһ

⣡
ʱʮָӡһ۵һиֹη˿ģȻϲá
ʲôȺã
Ȼ뷨࣬ƺŰɣԺԼҼֻ¡еҡ

һƬ̣֮󣬴ǰ׻˾ҡ
ȻӦʣ»ᣬ֪ԼҼҪ׼˵¹ٹȥŵ˺һյ裬˽һºŵҹΡ
һͷͳ˿˲죬á

һ·ص׻˾ԽŵůԱߡ
Ǻ桪һĪҪϴһټŵãϸһ£ҲǿġϾˣλȨȴլ飬ʵǲ׵ġ
˾ֲǺʲô档
л쳾ȢԼΪ
ֻǿϧˣȢޣ׺ԼԺӿ²ôˡ̾ˣһʵ룬ȻҲΪʵʡ

һȻϴ硣ҳϴΪ֬ˮۣԼϱһ㡣ȻԼüĵԼ˫˸ɫһڴ֬
Ŀ̡硭̫ͷ˰ɣаΪʲôͿԼ֪Ǳһ㣬Ĩҵǽأ
һġһ֮󣬺Ҳˡ

ŮơӳȻͬ
һӭȥ˿һ㶡ܲ𣿣ձʩ֬ۡŨüģ
ŵȴʮָˣȻ⣬ʵüĿ㡣ֻǾֹԴӢǣԼãͬһӢ
һϺЦηһ·ˡ
Ҳúᣬȥмֻ̬ϵļƤһһ㡣η΢΢üҲʧࡣǼƣƣ

ƣмơֻŮˣͦΡһڴһ
ٷҲΰӢ䡣ϵķۡϾùֵֹģȴ̲סǰƼ
һæֽ˵ƹﲻض񡣡
һϸ

ʱ˷˲
һӹյη˽ԼĽԼƷҲͰˣϾȻָ
ߣͶĿӡ͵˻죬·
ˣָʲôë




20.  ͬ   ˣûȫ

ڶʮ£
, õһëĿɲֹơ
ϧơӳ˿Ҳλ˾ʲô񱡣һӣ˻Ȣ, ûݺݺҲͰˡ
һжܵŮӴˡĶȥ

һȴ̹Ȼ, Ͻãʼϧ̸ξ
ɫҲʮࡪҹ, ˶ͬһΣϽҲ⡣ʱη˵ξʮ֮ǰ֮ǼաǷǵ, Ҳҷǰ͵£
һ, ȷʵ, ʮ֮ǰϧҹһΡΪľԼõ¡ֻǵʱ, һˣδ档
, Ϊºϧ˰æ, ȴӦ

ǳʲô°, ֱδšҲ૵
ʱ, »߽һԼҼġױݡ, Ҳһ򶨵ص¹ǰڳǣаѯҹ˶һΣʮǰ֮¡
˵Żȡһ¼, ȥ

һ﷭ҳֱݸϧˡ
˷ʱȷɡÿ˶ͻȻػʮǰûκļ䡣Զڷ۷׷ס¼ݺᣬͬʱ۵ʮ꣬ɲ˲
ϧ˵ΡΡΡ
ƽӹͷֵǰϾ̩;¥÷ι֮ʱҲȥ˾¥ơǻͬǵдҵˡ

Ƿǳ
һ˵Ļôá
³ʲôǿ󣬿ɹͬһξ֮˽ǵ֮£ͬ
ûͷǵһξ֮УԴڡмλǰȥһˡ

ȻģΪŵһڡпǹԴܲܳôǾȻԹۡ
ϧͷллл
Ƹͣξ֮Ул赺л쳾ˣ֪֮󣬶ǿӰ졣
һаޣλǰ뷨뱾ǲıϡ֮Ул赺л쳾Ϊ񣬻ڡλǰһҪлԪ档лԪξ֮бҵΧɱǳˣкۼ

±ʹ̶顣Ӣҷλǰڣҵȸ˼ңҲǰ˾߶һա֪Ƿ񷽱㣿
ȻøһӴӴ
ϾӢ⣬ʵǲ˼ҡҲˣ˶ʮַһݡλòʮֺʡ
Се

η˿˿ڣһȻǲܾġ̵ȻϾ˺һ
ʵᣬؿƴ˸ηЦӯӯģǿҪͷˡ
һվ̲סʣʼλ˭
ָϵĻʡ

һʲҪϧ̽Ķᵽɤϡ
ҪǱ˵ƣһƱؾҪ˹Ҷûùӳԣ
үǣǱڣǰȥ͵ˡ͵Ļ˼µˣ
˴ܸͣȥ˭ҲáŹ°ɣ

ڵһ￪֮ǰϧԡԣ⡭
ӳҲˣŴĻ˵ԡûܣλǡ
Ƹһһʹɫҷɣȷʵλ￴
һв׵ĵݽͣ˵мģķѡֻϾϸԿˡ

⻰һϧһӢöȴӹ졣
û£һòļޣÿﾫĴ磬ЯΪ
һƺȫȻԴһлָࡣסָ⣬մǻָ࣬ͿĨֱ˵һ䱦ĳģ
»ûۿˣԶԡԵú֪
һȴ飬õУҴ˺ƹڳǡ
ӢһԼãҡҡͷӢֻԥһ£˵Ͳͷˡǡ
ȻˡһźǼɤӵȻˣҲǿп˾ϣҲԾ֮ꡣ

ηȻǵлһȥϧһʱΪʧξ֮²С˵Ҳ̸ǣǰڡ
һ뿪һˮϸϸϴ
Ȼ˵ҲɤˣȲָˡת»ǿԾͫļ飬ܼڡ
»¹ȥ졣

ߺ󣬵һߣ˵Ҵڳǣòã
㿴ˣǹġԳΪĽܡȤ
ҪϾȻֻܾܾĬȻ𣺡ðɡ
ʱξʱбԹ־һһ춼ŶתתﵹҲЩ

һҲ˵ȥ棬š
׻˾Ĵ֮⣬ڳǵٽ֡Ϊ٣ʵĶЩľ֮಻Ϊ˰׻˾׶༪١Щʵʤ
׻˾ȻҲͲˡ
ϣһɡǰС

ЩֽȻûʲôùġ
ǰߣǽիһŻȥƹ̱ӭĿڻһɨȻû˹ŹֵĿˣʱһ㶡ָֻܿЦ⣺λүΪΣ
һһŻȥϵĸΡ

һģʱ׵˾⣡
ǰϲӣȻˣл쳾ǲġһʱžƶĸŮĴйҲʮȻƶԶˣͶһˡǴĵӰæණ
ϾΪϾ˾ĵ̡ں˾࣬Ͼ

ŷϾӣʵзܶࡣҲϸ
ĿһһУɨϳеĸΡ黨ƹܾڵյ˵ƣЩĹ׹۾ɵĸо
ܺÿһ߿һ־˼ֵˡ
ˣʵԼ͡ˮҲŻ

Щȴ⵽˼˵
˰죬˵һ䣺̫ªûиϸЩ𣿡
֮ǡⶼɶ
ƹ񾪴ǲηȨƵģһϴɫĹٷ˵һǳеλѫ󣬵ҲԼҶ

ƹһʱ˵ɾͲˡСĿ⽳իʮ꣬ϾҲǺպġÿһζС֮֡󵽻壬Сÿһĥ޲ϸλȨأضʶ㣬˵ªСȴǲ
ҲסҪֱ˵ģ
һһ֧Σ˰죬Ƿ˻ȥֽ֣ʡ

ƹԹȴֽʡ
һ￴ֽҳڿ̿ܿһͼ塣ߴȫãʡҲһһעƹվԱߣǰһŭݣģʮࡣ
һｫͼֽݸͼƣ֮͵˾ࡣ
ƹͼֽ˰죬ͻȻѿʣ˾࡭Ǽˣ

һﲻŻҪߡ˭֪ƹͻȻƵĶסţˣȻС飬С˿ΪȻʺķΣһȾΪˣյָ㣬Сң
ȳ¡
ۿƹְֹݣһﲻΪÿ
ƹ񿴿ͻȻ飬˵СĿԳΪλΣΣȡãֻҪԸָСˣ

һŲס
ƹһϷæϥǰλòӣΪҽիԴΣʵСҡܵüָǸСð̡
һͨƨĵѵ죬һڿڣæϾ˳ģպÿ£ҪΪͷΡڽϳģʱ㡣
СƹæЩȻªίЩС͵˾࣬ҲӦӦ

ðɣ˵죬Ǵεġǿˡ
Ȼһʮףƹ˰һ٣й⣬æЩȫá󣬵һŻͳԶ
ӣ͵˸רӡһëδΡ

󣬵һŻɷ
רŶŮȹ˼ȹΪ֮֡ƹ죬һţҲ֪ܵһֱ΢Цͬ
ȹƷڶ࣬ȴع֯ģʺϻ״̬

ɷľӣһͭ
еԼһɫȹȹ°ɴȹڼĽճߡȹ˿˲֪ʲôƬƬ⣬ǵ㡣
ϣƻӳգоǺɣԼʡ

ƹĸϽǰȡһɫεͷΣΪ纷
һԱ߿ΪԼѡһȹÿڣǴӺڰиյħŮһ
һȻҲ⣬ǸǮǲܸǮġ

ƹȡȹͼֽԭ˺ܶ޸ġ
ƹ񿴵Ŀɿڴ
һ֮󣬼˹ʼʩΪһ·ֻҪÿ³һͼ壬ԵõɷеƷ¡
ֽģǹˡ

һѡΡ֣ӵ˼
ȥһ̤ƷЬ̣˳ЬҲˡ
֪ΪʲôͻȻ裬Լ֮ΡΪԸΪ.δʦ




21.     뿪ɲ

ڶʮһ£
˹һ, ָо֡Щɣˣûȫ
ֱʱ, һ˵ڳиݣר˵һЩŴǡҲġҴȥ, òã
Ҳáͦġκһˣϣ֪ڱ, ԼʲôӡοҲûô
һһ·ݡ

һС¥԰ṩˮ㡣
һһȥ, ǰӭӣ, пչ
˳·һһ, ̰æ̧Σ󡣵һﱧŻ, ˳ת¥ϣһ
λöм˵̨

вͶĿ, ˶סԼ, û˵ʲô
ȵ, Ұʮֹˡ¥µͷѹѹһƬ, ɼ˵̨ͨ, ΪôҿøЩ
˲ֵӡһ﷭һ󣬻ҲɨһۣԭĿҪһ﷭˼ҳñڡϻ˸Ȧ
ͦʣȻҲеڴ

һȴԱߵֽҳϷɿдһ, ݵĻƣȥȸ˾Ϊȡ
ǻƼҪüĸҵ飬ʱȥˡ
ȸ˾ͲԶǻȥҲ졣յ蹦ѾЩϤ
ɨһۣ֬桢΢СʲôġһЩС󵶡Сֵ֮ĹߡЩǣ
һһԱȻִ֣ʼС쵶ġָף

Ҫʲô
޲֣ɴʱ˵̨Ļһ˵Ѿ̨ǰ
žһ죬̨һľʼ˵顣˼䶨ʫʱʮȸԾһڴָ׵Ҳټƽˡ
ˣɡ

˵ģǡλ֪ٶʮǰɲλŮӣлٲ첻΢丸֮вšϥ¸жŮʮˡλһҰСŮε£ΪӣμڣΪһŵأĪҽյ
һ飬һһͣԼ֡

һ޼ָס
һϧָףܾŮӵǴֿʼġָ֮׿ʼоʽͼָ
ѾԼָĻˡʮȥ治ܻʲôӦöɫ˰ɣԼһ

һϸϸؽʮָһ飬Ȼɫʼס㻹أЩʲôϣָ׵Ʒζ

˵ʱֳǳ֮ʡòףʫŻССͣѾֶߡ̨ϣ黹ڼ
ȴʮΣʲôԼСʱ򱿵ҪҲСֵܽ۸ʰöˣСҲϣȻȻزٱ׾

Ԫ꣬˾ݴд󺵣͢ǰɲҪͺʳӡܾλ룬¸磬ͺҲ뼳ˮѵǧﺵأܿׯڲɣȻ֮£Ϊ֮˵ҡͷԣ̨µھȻҲ档
С˵֪Ҽﻹ

̨Ȼˣ̵ǺʱСȴһӦ˴¡͢ʹףֲοѰҡ˭ϣССͣȻҲܣˡҲѰҡ
ŶŶ¶

λôţ˵Źӣθڡ
˵һˮλ֪Ϊѣ֪˾ڰաǧ֮󣬽꣬δ̤šڤ˼롢ʳ
״̬϶Ц
ʲôǳ͢ؽⵥ⣬»ơ

͢ߵüҲûϸϸŻ㽻һӡͺΪҶƬʺ񣬴ӳͿʼˮʹǧѣҲƾڵˮѡǡѳԵҪ
տ伢ƽʱιڵġ

֮󣬻ﵱ治һסֲͰҶƬʺ񣬲ͺҲߡ͢ӣæȥ̲֡˭֪˾һȴðһƬ˵
ȴʮ⡪ֳ⣬Ҳ
ⶫϵüֱɬڣٹȥɤӡ

״ֲڣʡշ׷ָ͢ԱҲλ֮ȴԴ˲һ˵ʮָ̾
̫ˣҵȻֻܲһΪ̫֪жѳˣֱͲ˳ԵĶ¿ι˶ٹȡ͢ؽֻôһҰʲô˵ģԡ

˭֪꣬󺵹Ȼڶպܿ췢֣еׯȫֻлײݣ׳ڼȱˮ֮ʱ׵ĸҶȻ˵˵ʮָп
⡭Ҳܸп⡭˭ϵ׵ĸҶǳˣûô֪˰ɣ

һγޣ˼ˡ
ضܺã´β׼ˡ

һﻹΪָףһһüΪ档Ѿв߿ˣȫ⡣
˵һֽ֮˻ҩĿ֮¡ǰҩʮϡ٣Ҽ۸񰺹ЧҲСΪ׹˿ҩԡһ죬ǮȻҲ
Ӧ֮Ӱ

Ȼ÷֮¡һֱڣŮ֮ȻˣᵽͲò˵һˡ
˵תŽֵܽãТ˳ףأԶһ˵ע⡣˾Ǳˣ˵λȻл쳾
Žֵܽãλǰ棬ҪЦ棬ȴֳĬԡлл쳾

ʱл쳾ոռ֮λ֮ʱʢɲĸס𽥸߰ԵЩ
òϻۣһŵһԣ£Ȼ˷ԡл뿪ɲ죬ͳʮ󣬻һ֦÷Ϊ÷ȡ
̨˵һЩǶǵ£޷ǾǼӡɹƣЩɳģ˭˵أ

һΪָסѻ̧һ㣬ǽߣʣÿ𣿡
һָۣױ޶˵㣬ɫͿɫóȽɫ˷Ҷÿָ׶ֻаƬҶԵرϸ˱ߡҲ̫Сˣʮ
ΪϸӣҪСһ¡ɫ治֪ġ
ܺÿϲ

ϸϸָ⣬˵Ư
ǵȻģϧڲܶȻҵǲѱķӷ㡣ⷽӿл쳾ԡ
ˡˡ²ط󣬻ֻʣĬȻ

̨߶߶˵˹µĽβ
λǴ棬֮Ѿѵü֡˵ͷݣȴҲķĲŻѱʮ꣬δǰھ̾ǿϧڶһˣ˼һҡ

СǲȴϵõĽԡ
㱼䣬Ȼǳξһʣʣ뿪ɲ𣿡
ľ·ɲ򣬿ֻ֪ǸʲôطףĻǡƬ̲и
ʲôŮ֡ףڻƼңǶôı飿

Ӫڼл쳾һ̣ѡޣ̶һʱ̰ͼǴһƬһ˿֯
ڣɲҰũĽǿҪԶ˼䣬ȥժȡ£Ȼȴ޾ڣͷްֻʣຣޱߡ




22.     ٵʮꡣ

ڶʮ£
ݳ, һŻ˾
ʱѽ·߲̯С̸۵£ȫҹĹΡȻ, ѾͻȻΧ̫㡣ȥ, ȴ˵ڡ
Ȼһ, ȴ˹ؼ

ڡ
л쳾һѣ̾ʶԡ˫Ŀʹη⡢ѪʱΪԼСֱΧ, ͻȻӦξ֮, Ȼʮ֮ǰ
˫ĿĲ, ̲̽ԼΪϾ˫ĿˣΪʧһ̽, л쳾ľΪߴʧɡ

估֣л쳾Ȼ֢鵽һϡ
ٴ, л쳾Ѿֲ˿˿ʹ˫Ŀ, ġûжʱ˼ҷƵ, ֮, ȻҪȥл赡
лҲ˲, ˺ξйأлΣ

л쳾߳ţķ˫Ŀ类ֻ̡Ѱһɴ˫ۣ֮˫ʹᡣ̤, ׷塣׷ʵǳУת˲ôƬ̣ͻȻУǸ˵׷ߣ֮ҪҵҲ̫ѵ¡
ԭ֮
л쳾׷Ƶʯϣǵĵ̰⧲ʱǶŮ鳤ʱ롣Ϊڵ˹£̲ࡣǶȻˡ

е˿ڸһʹ㱻ס
վڵǰл쳾ݼʦ׷ĻӼȻһʩ񣬱˵һߡֻĿȻ֣һֹģ
л쳾л赣ûϸʡֻǵȴļ϶ȻҲһˡӣǰţлԪǰ׷塣
Ӧһǣȥ

ʱ׷޸򿪡
л赵
л쳾֪죬ȥ֮ϵšлɫ԰ףͷ󺹡Щ̫꣬£ңѾܾûǱˡ
ԣǱ

ĺˮ͸ʪŶͷϢ΢ƺδǳج֮лع
л쳾ĳȥ˵ʦҲһجΡ
лҲ˲ϳԾˣ˵ѵҲμлԪǸΪ֮£˵Ȼһ£Ҳˣ۾

л쳾ժɴ֮Улڿ۾ʱ΢ֱܿաеѪ˿ȴʲһ˫Ŀͨ졣
л֡
л쳾ϵǰлϸ鿴˵ˡô
ܡη⡢η磬ʹᡣл쳾侲˶٣ֵͽʣ߳ɡʦΣ

л赵ŭ𼸺Ҫͷðһ޶
ƽʧɹΪ˵ʧʵ̫ˡҸ˷ߺ޵ǣȻԭ
л쳾侲ö࣬ʣҼǵʦ̻궨룬˴Ӱ죿
лһʶִȻ˺ܿסһƬľȻû֪л쳾ɫ֪²á

Ȼл˼
ã˵һû֪
ˣ˵ڵĲף֪ʱͻᱬлŭ֮£Ҳָ˼ǡʣΣҶ
л쳾Ȼ֪˭

ξ֮УԼΡ
ʱл쳾ֻûȻΪһΣ˲֮¡ʱһֱΪǻħϡ
˵أ
̻궨롢׷ʮأ

л̧ͷҪ˵¡޸⣬ӻ棬أѾԴʵڲǰˣ
л赴һлԪĽ֡Ȼ׷壬ܶǵ۵Ļȴ
лԪΪһϧ˺Χɱ
ƣҪصöࡣ

л쳾Ҳһأʦȥ
ϣлƿڴΪҺˣ
л쳾ֻȰһʱͿϾʦ׹⡣ҿҲֻá
ãлüͷһ壬Ҳ뵽һˡ澣ѵֽţܡ̻궨룬ܽ⡣
˭ܾ

л赺ܿųɵ㣬תǰſ
л쳾׷壬ۿɽȥԼȴû뿪޸žл쳾׷ɽ겻ա
Уߣ

쳾һΡұʩ̻궨̣֮׷Ҳ˵Ҳֻܶҹҹ֣һҡ
ҹһĻкöˣǶһģӲһǵطرڣֻзķż𡣾ֻôһ⡣ҧǣϴȥǵ˿ڸˣﶼ

л쳾Ų΢޸ȥ
ΪȻ֪ɽ֮ʲôڿһ̻궨롣̾߷Ϊ̻ͶǶ룬­ԣˡܽ⣬ǿнγͽضɻ
Щ䵽ϵĶͽԱʩԴ̣Ѻ޸
л쳾߹ǸѪ

ʼһϣһһػǵĹȥҾΣһʶŮӲˣҲѰһѰ׷ߣ֮ҪҵҲ̫ѵ¡˸ķ¼ʱ䣬˵ģ𣬱һϢҾôһҲҴһꡣ
л쳾ӿŲڰֻ΢ķһ
𣬱һϢ˵˻ôл쳾䣬ѰֻƬͻһʵ٣¶̨

Ƭ˵ദһҳʱظ
Щϸ΢Ĳ֮ͬ

ڶ꣬Ҿͼǲʱˡͷܹȥ̫£ˡʱ֪㲻ġֻһɽ壬Ҳġ㲻ΪҵʦʵҲӦԹޡң֪
л쳾ʯ֮ǰҿš
ʯ֨֨ѽѽǴһαʷվһһŵˣͣĿնл쳾߻Ѹ˻ҳֲ屾Ŀ
ΣҲѱɫ

֮˼վɽȴһƬš
ֻ΢ķ⣬𲻶л쳾ϸϸǣĿͽһżʱǻת飬￴˵ֵĿֲ͹졣
л쳾Ȼ޾塣䴩Уڣһͣס
ҲվһˣϻµĽӡĻҳ

л쳾ϸǸӡ
Ůɡ
̧ͷ˱ӡѾʲôһա˿ѾãŵζŤŴ˿ڹ䡭
Ҽ޸һ꣬˵ٹ⡣ģѸ衣ҸԼҲӦú㡣ֻôһȫȫ̷˰꣬ұϾΪС

л쳾Ǹվ˺ܾúܾá
֣ɽߵԶĻл쳾۾ҳ
壬಻֮ңĽת˲ɴ
ٵʮꡣ




23.  ͬ   ΢Ц

ڶʮ£ͬ
, š
лһ·լƹѾʮֽл赽лԪķ䣬ڴ, ˿лǰֻϢ, ȴǿ٣
ǵȻģξ, ȡл赺л쳾˵Ϊ
лĽһ˵ףҲֻôһѪ

̾һҲֻõٲݷΪҽ, 뱣, κ𶼲׼ᡣ
ƹӦǡл赵, Ϊ˽Ҳʵл赲̫, ٺлԪ棬Ȼʣҹ, ǿμʲô
⡭λƹǽҹξ˵ˡ, ξͬ

л赵ӡ֤в, Ȼ, ڵĵ, ҹξͬ
֮ˣͬһΡлΪˣȻ֪˴¡ǰͨ˼ҵ顪µڣˣ
ǿЦںųƵһڣô¡ȴʼٸ߶֪, ֻȽлԪһΪˣһҲԤҡ

׷塣
л쳾ҳϣɢĳʪеʪȴ֮ȥ̫ǰȫͷ
лĻǷΪԼʦܣԱʩԿ̣ȥǷ񰲺ã
áǱʩ̻궨̣֮ôܰأ

л쳾׷壬ӦʱԼȻһط¶̨
¶̨ΧǽǰɫŻɫߡվڰεĹǰԿ澫СɵԺ䡣л쳾߽ȥȻڻߡ
СͤɸɾһȾʯʯʡ¶سˮ峺ԱһŹֵ÷

ľ£һ˲ҹξص
л쳾̤ȥм¡İޣݣһֱͱⷽСС֮Сڴ˼䣬˼컵ķ⡣ʢҲҲԡ
л쳾׵еˡྴԶ衣

л쳾еȥЩ䱻ǵĽ飬ɢ޺ۼ
ߵ¶رߣƽ޲ˮ档ҹξ֮У˵ҹңͻῴڰ¶Ķûҹңûҹҡ
¶صˮӳӡ

л쳾ԥƬ̣΢̧һͭѾСͭӳճ棬ת˲䣬ˮ͸ɳ
л쳾һӣˮӶȴ峺롣Ƭ̼䣬һԳɳол쳾ͭһץգʶ͵ѳˮС
л쳾ųˮϴһɫ赡

ڣΪ˱䣬˶ԡ赡Ϊ
ƫƫ¶صҵģһ赡
л쳾УָĲˮΣʮĻкüġ˵ʩ̻궨̣֮ɽ
˵˸е˰˵ڰ¶˶л쳾ˣܲ²䡣

л쳾۾̧üġ
˵۾ʼʹͷҲʼ͡ȥ޷侲˼
ûߣǻľˡʧԺл쳾ûôȥл쳾ת˳ⷽأιŵʱԼԼ˺쳾
л쳾˫΢գסûлͷһ󣬽ħϡ
Ȼ뿪¶̨Ȼȴƺעӡ
ÿһ뿪Ǹ˶վڹǰЦ͡δͷһֱ֪

ʦǰеӵ
л쳾һŷԼѾɽţǰվŶлҡʣ£
лҲǵһμԼʦ겻ᣬ˵ʦСʦͻȻ𣬲ָܻ˵Żֻ֣һֻлƶ
л쳾Ȼ֪ԭ򡪡ǳлƶҲȡСΪͲߣһ˼˸

л쳾ֽҲ˲ֻõ͵ٲݷ壬ҽΡ
ԭлƶлȥȻһ仰ǹ𣬰ٲݷʲô취ֻеٻˡ
Ϊڶ̶̼ʮ޳Σһʴǡ
лƶͻȻһˣΪǸ˲ϧۣ鵤ҩ

лУίʱоȻǸˡǸ֮Ϊĸ޼ˡлƶͻȻ룬ڣܾͻΪԼ취
뷨ãȻкܶûˡֻڣر𲻺õʱǸ˵ģͻȻСʱ򣬻ʵܱ
Ưȹܾµıӡʱ常¶̨ĸŮҲ໥ȡůȹһοֵʱ⡣

ҹΣһı
ڣһԼ˰ɡлƶˣſڶʦֵڵѾõĻһΣ֡˺öóԡġ
ֱ߲ˣŻ½ǣ˵ףƶ߲ˣƶҪ㱧
ѽʲôֱֻָſԼؼҡ

ûʲôлƶ¶̨ᵽ֮󣬾ٲԡסƺˡ񵱳ɻԼŵ常Լ䵭ʼؽлĸȻõ常Ϥࡣ
ɺûˡ
֪ԼΪʲôЩ£ΪԼˡ

лҽлƶУֵźϧƺӳλǰãҪ
л쳾Ҳ⣬߰ɣһ͡

ǹݣΡšѾеӷ
ϧյ΢̵Ĳˮһڣ˵
æվȻͣ곤Ͼл쳾ڵ˷ֱл쳾Ҳºͻ
֮󣬺ϧ˵ҹ

ƽӹͷۣҹҵһΣвݻл
л쳾Ȼ⣬λⳡξΪ졣˫ĿˣΪʧ֮˫Ŀʹﲻ塣Ҳ𡣡
̹ϣΡš˵Ρ֮ǰǻл쳾ӦӦԡ
С֮ģȾ֮ˡ

ϧллڡ
˵лܿˡ֪ҵʮָмιܣĻ̻̣б䡣ҵصǰлֶԲߡ
ӳɾûôܻˣֱʣлʵҵʮֲ⣬Ϊǣξ֮УԻᱻлԪлӰ͵Ϯ

ֱ룬л쳾ʵһ͡Ȼ˵Σʵɵ㡣еʱ䣬ʮǰһμ档
˵ļ䶼ͣڵֻ꣬˵ʮ¡һУΪ˶ԸԼʦԱǰ
˴Դ

л쳾ʱʵ壬ðȻ˵¶л쳾ֻ˵һʱ磬ѡüλǰЦˡ
⻰˵úϧȴҲöʡ˵ף˼һ棬ôĿûضҲѻúܡٸվᷳ

л쳾ŵ˵ЩǱʵ߶γ˴˵ȴ£룬Ӧ󡣲֪λʲô
ΡšȻҲ˼ãӳ˵ʵ⼸ź䶼ʮ̫ƽ˾ճʵݵĹְ¡ƭӲ⣬£ǲ˵
üͷͻȻ˵˵һӣӹٸƽ˾ˡ

ᵽ˾֣л쳾һ
Ͼһֱ͸һ˰һ𡪡һУһҪǷ飬ں
Ƽ˵˵һʧٰðڵ壬ͽΪƭȡͯͯ䲻ٸʧٰۣ֪Ϊʲô˽˾ࡣ
ͯʧٰл쳾üתлң£

лæɹƭ֮£һĶࡣ¶аѰӣΪƭа޹ءӵҲǱ˹١
л쳾սȴԲɫ˵ǷаڵƭͲܹϢȥλǰڴˣҵȺúòꡣ
лæǡ

Ƭ̣䰸̧˹˵ϧˣл쳾ˣľ֮ʧٰ
ϧ˹ֵҪͷλǰˡˣΪλǰϾơ
ϧһ򼱹壬˵ƣȻΪѣлؿ
ǰϲˮɾơһߺȾƣһ߲ľڣҲͲˡ

ֻڣȴ˿òͣüƵʱ䡢ص޹ɿѭƭҲŮô꣬ʧٵĺӾһһعʵǺš
ӳŭ͢ʧְ
л쳾һ߷ڣһߵ˵Ҳڴ⡣ѸٷڣͻȻţ

Ρš˶л쳾ѸٱȶڣȻλǰЩǺ޹ɣ
סл쳾ŵǰ뿴ӣ丸ӣ䱦ĸĴΪ𴫳СԻ֮ңʮǿ׳ĸŮòĸʦϧؽ
һһЩӵ֮ϧһ

л쳾ͷ˵бߵĺӣǸĸΪ谮һλҼǵóԪʮ߲꣬СӱǾһ꣬ձƭĺӣҲˡ
ΪΣӳʣܿԼ񶨣ܲ͢ڰûС
л쳾˵޷ֻҪźͳͬͬ͢£ܵȵʱ

Ƶҵͽ⣬˭Һӷ
л쳾һλҲת˾࣬Ϊ֮£볯͢ٷֱ˴ˡ͢ݹñ鲼ǰ£Ͼŷöࡣ
ϧơӳ˶Щ졪ϾǰãǱ˼ţ͵˼ҷˡ

ڨڨظǣɽţӳ̾лΪ䣬˫
ҲԭΪ˾Ĵ٣ӦǾƲϺġ벻ػ˲˵л赴˵ʶ֮
ϧ˵򡢷򡢷ˡ

Ҳ˼Ƕסл˵²ϾѾ͵ˡڵһϡҵȱϾˣֲ֪ԵɡνͲźã
ϧҲ˵ˡֻܴ£ַ˾ࡣ

˾࣬˾
ϧһʶȥ˿ͷ˱
ƺӳϰΪ˽ȥҵһһմŻѻͻԷԼ鷿հεĳɹЩΡЬװ˺ü䡣
˲֪Ǻ̧鷿

һһ֧λͷϱȻһ£ЧơӳŶ롣
˿ԼĲҡǲҡš˶ʱʮ㤡
һֻĬĬطλҲýֻ͡µʣôţ
šҲһװԼղʲôû˵ط˱ˡ
ǡһüҽ̡

ȿȡš̵˵˵¡
˽ڵ¶˵ˣ׶ʧһ֮䣬˲ס̾л쳾¡Ⱥʵǫǫӡü΢Цơ
ߡȥڸո˰ɡ




24.  ҽ   ˵Ϊ˾飬δҲ̫ơ

ڶʮ£
, ˾·飬ҪԺΪ񻧡
ܿ´ء壬ϸÿһ˼ҡ
һε, ſ

磬ѩ¡
Ƶ, Ա߾ů衣ͥѩ׷ɣһﱳվ¡ֻܿıӰ, ޳ֱһͥѩʫ续ĸо
ͥУһȺɨѩŰ, ɵȻ졣ֵ˱Թั, ôһͷɨѩǲ˼ǰ˵ˣ
ƨüë, Ǽ࣬ɨѩĻǰ, 

תͷһʹһﶼû
, ˴Ҵµ˼, ׷׵ټ࣡
ͥ, ۿ߽, Ҳ֪˱Ȼ˾ټˡϾλټ, ֻû¶Ȼе£ŵһݵμ
һһʣΣ

֮գշذ׹¡ͷƢŹֵúܣ¹涼ûֻǡֻǱһ١
, Ǳһɵ׹£֮ˡ
֮ˣסڰ׹£ֽŹϵҽ̩ʦл赶£βҲֻա
һʲô

Ȼòᣬ˳ʿ鸽˾˾ټ࣬С°ʦ֮ơ
Ƥ׾һɽ룬ȥʮ˹ġί
һ޷ǰȥ
ֹΣ˵ֻ¼ȥҲδˡһ٣Ҳ
û˵ȥҪ˵Ǵ󲻾ˡ

һȴδܳڵĻ˵ˣ⡣
˵꣬ǰůߣϻ˰ɫȹİ׺ë졣ëΧ׺һȦա
˸٣һ˿Ƕʯ黨黨Χֵ׺ЩǰϸıʯΪ֮ģָҲ˶װĳ񻨡һϸϸ˿
ټ澫µָףֱȻˣһռ˰á

¶ůģСҲ˵ģ˵Ľޡһȡ̺˫ϣ˵ȥһˡ
Ҫȥ֮𣿻ν˾ǳԸŸ񾳿ǼֱԸɡ̩ɽǰɫ䡣ֱη塣

׹´ǰû֡
֮￪ɣΪˡ׹ǣֻǴ˶꣬ԭɭ
֮ϲΣ˵׹ǰҽĲ
Ȼ֮Ҳﲡġֻȡܵµӳ棬Ҳҡ

һŻϵʱһȫˡ
ҩͯµ·ףһӡϣȫǴʹ·˼伲࣬ȫۼڴ˴
һҩͯߣһǰ
ҩͯĹ˭ͷصʦ첻߰Ҳûã

һɫһ࣬Ҳ֮ߣҽǰΪǰֻһʾծôǰΪʥ֣ȴҪǷծܶ𣿡
ҩͯڿһӣҼʦǷծ˵ʦƢɲáҪǺ˵˵͵ɣ
һһӣһŰɽȥҩͯϡٷϻȥͨ

ҩͯ˰Ȼߺߵɽ¡
֮̿ɲǡ
ȻƬ̣׹Ͼһŭ𣺡˭ƨ
һƬȻǰҩͯѲ֣ɵͳҩۣڵϻһߡ˶ʱԽ硣

һͷϽ£ŵһһѰ׺ӶСӣΪʦͿϹ֡ҪǺ˵˵͸һһָȣλȥҲʦ½̽˵
֪һݣȻָŵһıŭֱ顣
һȻ治ɫȻŻеǰҪ𣿡
֮ɨһۣ˵ڶ࣬¾˵Ҳв㡣ӻ֣˵

һ·ϣʱ׹¡ĿһƬҩҩݵɢˬ
֮һ۴䣬ʮƮݡ˵ʱʵЩ˷緶
˫ܱܲסڿˣ˫һߡ
һݣ֪ͷΪˡʼΪһ˫ȵģҪûȣΡҲ֪˭˭

󣬵һ˵һٶǰǰϾϾĽǰʢһһ峺Ϫˮ
ϡʦ㣿ߣô¡֮漴һмʦǸ϶츳Ͳסʵ֮ࡣҪĪǳ˵Σ

һ˼⣺ǰЦ˵˽޷ǧꡣԪޱߣβȡ֮Ѫ٣
֮ϼ֮ɫüⲻһϷԡ϶ѵڳߣ䳤٣Ѫ֮ܵã

֪л£档һְϣָսǰ֮󣬽Ѱҵһߡ
ѵ֮Ȼɫ䡣

ϥ£лӻŮһٰʮˡ˳ȥǵѪҺ֮Ѫһƽȴ뵽ʱ龳֮ҡ
˻Ѫһ˾綾֮ѪЩˣҪʹࣿ
֮Ҳˣע֮Ѫ
һ˵ʮ֮䣬һٰʮѾֻʣһ롣ʮ꣬ʣʮˡʮоηȣѪʱߡʧǡ˲ΩһˣǿһƤǡҲ̫ˡ

˵֣꣬䡣ұۣɫġۣ
ˣվǰǰһƽЩֵѪ£Ǻȫ޹ϵ֮ǰ͸ҽҩƽڳԣᵱ棿
˼ԣһѪᡣղң֮

ǰ֮еŭ𶼱ѹȥ
Щ۵ü֪ж¡ĵһѾΪ˾ų͢еݵλţĴݡǳԪξ
һ֮ʧ֮߹̧ұϸ̾˾䣬һ֮ʧ
һջұۣ䣬ӴˣҵѪҺΪٵó֮ջȨλÿķѴǮƳֵܽһٰʮˣɽӲǰһ仰ʹ˽ҹˡ

֮̾һҪϷѪ̧һֱۣϸһ󣬵ڡ
ϵһȴ°ڣ˫ϥأְݵȷʵǰһ¡Զأ֣ߵ֮ѻ̻궨룬ǰȣ
ȻΪԼҽ
ڻĲʯһ˶أԻرĸо

⡭ΪΣʾ֭벻֮䵽кιϸһǰһףܾòءӴԺ޽
ҽȴΪȥԼ߶һİ·Ůӡ
˵Ϊ˾飬δҲ̫ơ
˲⡣

֮ȻҲסĿڻϣҲעȻ뱻÷ġǵһѵѪ֮
Լֵô
Ƚɡ֮תͷǰ·һȥϳļ硣

󣬻
ֻ֪Ԫܾ꣬˵һףڳʱڼ޸л쳾Ϊŵһڵˡһĵһע֮ѪؿԼֵܽһһǰ
ʱ꣬ѾģһӰӡǲʱ
֮ھǰἰǰ£ȴ赭д




25.  Ŀä   лϹĿäðѩ桭

ڶʮ£Ŀä
׹, ҩ洦ɼҩͯæŲժɹ
ĶЩʱҲδѩ
֮ŵһͻڣ˵̻궨, Ϸȷʵйо仰ûһûп, ֻôһƳȻԴ֪֮

һҲ׷ʣ֪ǰջ񣿡
֮ɫ, ˵ɣ޽⡣
һ仰ԻԾյоһʱ֮䣬һﾹȻҲĬˡ֮˵, Ӧÿöϵķ󡣴­ʱ, 䲻Բ, Ҳϲ.ܲʱȻ, ̾ͻɻ𡣡

ûСõİ취𣿡һͳ
֮ҡͷ𣺡õİ취, ε̻붨Ƕ롣
ʱŻ, ϣת˲, ֮˵öԡѾȫϣ, ˭ֻԸţ
, 

ҹǳΣǰڰ׹Ҳμ˰ɣһͻȻ˵
֮ʱ࣬ʣºйأ
һҡͷ˾Ҳڲ飬ͷҹУҼ˻, ܶǰ𡣡
֮ã̧˵ҹλʮ֮ǰϷҲǷѽ⡣
һʣǷʲôʱ䵹ˣ˲Ȭ

֮Ȼ棬УҲ򲻿Ϊ֮ڣұлܲΪһŮӶ㸲ɣ
һû˵֮˵Ը⣬ڰ׹¡ﲻȱԻտ
˵ʲôܡѾ⵽ֵزҲʲˡ

һһ󣬵ϾǸŮӣտΪ㡣
֮˵տͷˣ⻰ʵΣ֮ƺûΣʣ˵л쳾𣿡
ȻҽʥҲǰԵġƿĿ⣬𴦡һѣҲԹۡ

֮ЦһһϷҶģڴˣϷԻỤȫ̻궨ȻûнⷽҪᲡ飬ȴҲȫް취
˵ҲеĶһԥһڵܷʱ̽ӣ
֮һüëֿʼСӣ㲻Ϸ򣿡
һֻõȻǡֻǡֻҼҪȷȻźá
֮һЦΪˣЩ˼Ͳˡаɣ׼̽ӡ
һʩ񣬳֣һݡ

׹еΪ׼ķ䣬ÿһ䶼ҩͯרչˡ
һҩʦӹָһ䣬ͷصסɡ
һｫƽ䣬ɾ࣬Էġҩ̺ͯ򣬵ֽȱһҩͯչһüʣ˴ûŮ𣿡
ҩʦӷ˸ۣûУξߣ
̬ȣҲû˭ˡ

˲⣬Ӵ﷨ͳĸľͷˡľͷֻа˸ߣȻ֫ȫڵʱĿ͵ǰ˵Ĺ졣
ҩͯúһǴҩʦʣʲôڰ׹װŪ
֪ʱԡһҲ˵⻰˳һƵԿףľͷСףת¡

ֻĸľͷһ죬Ȼľͷ˿ʼ̴ʰ䡣
ҩͯŴͣþԡ
һԿף˵ʳҩϴ򡣡
ҡ⣡ҩͯðź͡׹£˵챦㲻ϡ档ЩǰҽҩģʲôûΪ˱ʲôõġ
лΡ

ɾϡˡ
Ͼ˾ƣ¶һݶ
ҩͯ˫۾ҩʦأ¶һЦȻº͵ʣ̨ľżܼҩ
ľͷ˶һľͷ̿ʼɨءȻʮҩͯ۾ҪۿɳҲһ˼صֻҪģкβΪ֮أ


¶һ׽̬֮һһҾ˵ԣ˽ܡʦĴӣкڡΪʦҵ죬պڵһǧڡ
ԭǺ֣ʧʧһ˳ƻ
ĿòײŴǼæµľͷƿһ۾ʢ˹⣺ĳʮʶһʣˡ

̬ͬȣºγأֳʶȴֵط꣬ǰԵ
ǺĳţҪһˣڸһ
ļ磬͵ܣ
ؿףǻޱȡѾλڴ˴羡ܷġһСܾҸʦרչˣôģ

ѱ۶Уʮָж˵͵ʢ飬ΪΪΪ£ϲЩûõСĿܣȸ˾мΪֱõģ͵ܡ
磡
͵ܣ
˫ֽգ»Сһ顣˵ˡ

һﲢûڰ׹¶ܿ뿪ˡ
Żһ·͵׹¡һ߳ԶֻͷĿ⽻һ衣ܿƿĿ⣬ڻ˻֡
һֱȵûӰˣŻߡ

ǷĲšһΣһߵȻǲģ˵㲻ҪġôƯȲ˵ֲҶ˭ϲġ
ţԷ񣿻ŭ֪Ϊʲôܾÿտ䡣Ҳˡ
ڽƵһ±ߣ˵ⲻúɹɹ

ߣ֪׷ŵһ뿪ķ
׹ľïʢ֪ԶǸССĺڵ㣬ǲǼԶ֪᲻ˣϾ˾·æ׹ʮƫԶ
̾һʱ֮䣬û˼û˼Ҳû˼
ȴƺ˼ѹô᲻ã϶ܿͻġ
֪ˣ۾ʲôҲˡ

磬˾Աר˻ΡЬࡣ֮ģмƵʮܡ
Щܲɨܿõ֡ԣĿץҩҩ׹µ˶Χ£㿴һ磬桢̾Ϊֹ
ǣչ˻Ļ׹µļСʦչˣһ죬ϴ衣
ãⱲǸϴˡ

˾ࡣȸ˾
ͫ׹µηֳʮ棬ֱͶӳǽ赵ѩ֮ϡһģʱ̧ͷɨһ»档ֻһܵУ׹µļҽŮŻҩǽҩߣһ߲ҩһߴߴ˵
һСҹΧŻһȦĽſ¡׹ǳףԡþġ

һۿǽϵĻ棬ľ֡
һʣ£
æ˵ðŹƭͯǲˣֳˣģؿӶðͷˣ
һرվͫߡ

ʱõϢĿɲ˾ࡣ
ϧ˵֪˾ҵƭӵټ֮Ҳһʱ֪ͨл쳾
Զձһƭӣڵĵӷڵķš׶عٸͽӵ˾⡣
ʱҶûдݾߡ

ȻһƭӲȥѡ˼ӣǸĸͷ⡢бٸɫǵʦʢ
ƭһеͷ˸Ȼһߡ
ҹѩӣձѩһ롣һŰ׻˾ʮðѩͣԶѩһڲɫ𹳡죬˾ķΡ

յձһҲ
ϧơӳ˴л쳾һл쳾˫Ŀη⣬ֻһɴۡ󣬻ʮڵĵӣҲһ¹ѩб
ʱʮءз·𶼱ŽŻ𻨡
Ϊ˻գЦŵں˾඼ŵЯưҲһμѻ

⻰˵αҲǾû
л쳾˵˵ȶͽðڣҵԲӦӡ
ϧתһ˼Ҷ̬ˣô仰
˶л쳾籵۾Ȼ˾仰صлϹĿäðѩˡ





26.     ļǵס

ڶʮ£
л쳾ȥ, ȨûһĻ
ϧʲô취ˣǺϲġ
ӳ˵ץסƭҪ
Ҳǡ

л쳾ڵشݾߣ, ˵֪ܵӵ䡣
лܵҵȶҪƭӵƤԷǺηʥæ
⻰, ȴһĬл쳾ӻΪⱳġʥʦһﲻ˵, ԭҲࡪһǳʦ㣬ǲý
Ǽ˵С£ҲͶˡлĿä㣬ȻȥЪϢϢ, ˾Ȼ֪

л쳾Ȼ, 齻˾, ǿĻֲлҲл赡
䵭лġлĳֻǲǿ, ʧ
ǿ̫źˡһ
ԣϧüֱ޴Ӵ

һƭ벻, ԼǾôǰء
һ, ǴŹմĺͯ, 뿪ձл쳾档Ҫһ, ԷȻԲ
ѩβ, һ£Ӵ﷨ͳһһߴ飬һ໨Ǳ˿ɺ顣
ɣҲͱüǾ¡л쳾̲סɨһۡ˻ڵĶ, ܲԼգ

һĹϵȻǲʡ
˸һƭӣһ·һͷۼżӱϴһֻ˾ı׷١
վڴͷӣȻ뺣⡭
ֻʣһƬտдϡһл쳾һأӴ⣬ʵл赻ʦΪ

Ȼƭƫƫôˡ
ǰѺһڵؿңۿʵûһֻ
Ϊٽܣӵһٵ˻ֻ⼸ƭȴʵͷԡ˾ڵ˺ܿ콫ãץϡ
ƭӹһŮΪ׵Ǹ׵ͷʣ׳ĶӡЩۡ㶼ǻǮ͵ĿֻмڵΡˣΪҲߡ

л쳾ѵõسһ䣺Ȼ۸ӣѹֳ͢ٸѲ޹
һӲһ䳰һӣϣʮָر໨ʣ˭ͷ
ҧأ
һҲ⣬ָָһࡢĺӡ̻⣬׳˳
㡢Ҫʲô˵ˡ

һｫбһصݸ䣬ȡ̼ʣ׳Χ˸Ȧ
Ҳͷһӱü侫ɺӿſ͸ɷǺÿֻ㾫¡ŮӲɣ
һ̼ʽȦã漴˿ʼֽ֣֡ӹ໨

ʱֻһҽС̧ͷȥֻϿʼѩѩ䵽𴦣ӨΩ׹һﻭõȦͨˮ
ˮ䵽Ȧз˵ϣֱ죬ð㽥硣
Ƿǰ㶣Ӧ̧ͷϿͨѩϡʱϾͱճ˵ӡ

˻кƴҪӳǸ̼ʻµĺȦ
ûáײ͸ǽֻƴ˻Ż㡣
ס֣ס֣ʣʱѾ̲ס¿һﵱȻסֻ֣ۿͨѩƬƬ׹䡣
Ȧе׳ǰٶ۾ճ󶴣ȫûһ⡣ֻѩʱ廹΢

俴һ۵һһʱʣһ𣿡
׷ۼһĻѻɵɥ˵ʮһӡ
һϸµشӣʣ˭£
Ųŵûûˡ϶ϣš
ǡһЦһ˵žŸӴ뺣Ǯϵر𣬾Ǯ

ס˵һһ̧֣㽫һҲϽ̼ʻɵĺȦ
𣬹ү˵˵ԽԽŨѾÿڳݲ塣˵ǡǡſѾ㿹ܣֻͷһ죬˵ǡ
л쳾͵һԣȻȥһס졣Ȼʹһ籡ֻɿ˶ܡƬ̣˶ճɺڻҡ
һŮͬʱһȼաȦ˵ҲûŹ

ϧ˳һǼ
һ䵲˻࣬ĸŵзϰࡣͨʩ½֮һҪ˵Щɴʻʱ̾ͻ
״죬ͬ

鵽һл쳾͵һͷѹʯ
һֱһŵѲ麣Уմĺȥٸƺ⣬Ÿ桢ҹжʾգԷϵƭ
Ӧһֿһ۵ϵļڻңʮֳء
Щƭӹմ˺ӣȴǲǧ֮ңݲΪǮƣΪʲôǱ֮Ѿ¼Ȼֶʮ˽⡣˭

˶Ҳ£л쳾л赣һʦ㡣
ȫˡ

űȳĺӣ׼۷л쳾ȴͻȻһ
һվڼװϣǱ֯лкָ̣
л쳾˫Ŀɴ֮Ҳ࣬˰죬վʲôҲûʣ뿪
½ɣ´磬绪Ȼװϣˣɵ⹷յĽɣʴ۷ƨ
Ŀ˵ัȥ֮󣬾ʰװɡ

æʣҪСȥδ
һﷵ߽գ˵Ľɣվȥڰʦѧա
ɦɦͷ漴ģϱһƬİ

һû׷ı䣬ߡл쳾ʻ֮£ʼղڡˣҲ̵á
ձԼȥ

׹¡
֮ϹĲ飬Ҳȥ̻ͶǶ롣ֻĺҩԡ֮Ϊơ
˸ҩԡȻҲˬСʦΪ·ְ˸ͷȹࡢҲࡣСǳڰ׹£˵ǣȴ١
ÿÿΣϰ졣

һʱſһ黨
Ҷʱɫͨ죬žҪܡһɨһۣȹ룬ʽҲþɣ֪չ˵õȻҲͲ⣬ȡж㣬ͷλŮҽֱ˼λЦɡ
˱˿ΪߣɺþƯҪǣĩ˵ϵϣӡ˾˵̵סջһһ

ܿˡ
һǰֱᴥҩԡϻ͸һƻҩСˮһ㡣
һ˵׹µˮˡ
ûлػҲûСʵԣڰ׹»˾࣬ʲô𣿿ɡʵеҹһڴϵʱ򣬻ǻÿã

һסָ⣬ʣϵ׷ʲô
ֻԡһ֮һѸ֣֮һ˼ҩָָ裬СӣҲݰʱѪкô
һｫҩѾһˮ׹ʵֶȱֲ֮ҩͯʮܿѩ̼ˡҲѹֺ̬ȴ䡣

ȵˮҺãһｫƵǰԴ⣬Լۣ̤
£˾߷߲ƽϴѵҾͿˣУΪʲô˶ûУ
ߣ

һȻЩС˼ҩﲻ֪ǺҩݣɫˮΧ
ɫˮ֮Уһ۾ڴʱֿʼʹԺϤĸо
ϴαˣ

پʹ࣬ڴ
ֻܳװѽڡصȴЩҺǴңԶڴǷյ
·𿴼ķ⣬ڰӿϣ¶飬ŤԹʹ
Ȼ͵رһɹ˴ѡ


ףؽ
ȻվǸˡΧХѩ׷ɡӸµظӻЦɵζΣ
뿴㣬ѹֱֻܵͷһȥɣʢ硣

ﶣһűߡһѱ롣ǰһѿһ޶
ξʼڻʱʹξ̮
㡭˭ѵؿڡ
ϵûлشȻش𣬻⡣սǰĲ룬ǰȻı䣡

УһСԺ
СԺڷ裬ÿһﶼı֡ʶһ˲Ļңǰ鵽ʵعԼµϣǰѱͨ͸Ĳ롣
ǡɲƼңԼСԺ
Ϊ׻Ůڶ࣬ƼңֻԼСԺһֱסޡ

ڷ䣬鿴С硣Ķ֡Ļˡ
صһٶǰɲ
ʱѾͷ½ʮүȥͣ˵ǰʮˡ
ʮӣ
ʱɫŹ֡ʲôҪʣȻһ
ˣҲλӡĲܹԼʮӣ˭ǵס

ʲô
ͷʴ£һꣿ
Ŀ࣬ʮǳԪѽ
Ԫ꣬ʱ䡣ʦѰ֮ΪԪԪ꣬һԼױܣͬ꣬޸л쳾ڡ
Ԫ꣬͢д󺵣ĴѰͺ֡

ɴͬһ·һѾ̴һ
ɫٷϵ̤ɫѥ죬תͷʱĵһʱưô
ǰ꿡Ŀ峺
Ѿ˵λ棬ϾһУڵԼԣһڻ֮еһ
ļǵס




27.  ̹   ͷ׶̹

ڶʮ£̹
, ߵм䣬
Ƥдڣȴʮִ׳ʹ, ҲǷ֮Щ, ˵ݼʮ£
Ϊ䡰¡Ƿ֮, ȴûпһü塣

ʵʦϥŮڶ࣬Ϊ˷ֹŮ̽λԽŮ˻ҡǸաĵһи֮ʵ, ȴ޸֮
, , ²һеҫ
΢΢һЦеһǰ, ʩŮݼˡ

ݻ, Ӧд񡣵ŮŮ, , ƮƮ°ʱƽҶػ
⼸ַ, Щ, 
ȻһҲûСһ񡣡
̧ͷһٶʱ⣬һһϵЦֱ۵, ⿡ʡԪһһʮ֮Ҳαװº͡
ʱ򣬻ԵЩ

վˣ»ͱ䡣
ʱ˾ոճõ˲ࡣλպļัҲֻܳ䵱̴ӣһˡ
ڻ£ŵҵСʮҲһĳϲŮ
һȸ֮״Ҳһߵˣеˣ˿ҫԼŮġ

һЦΰʮǰΪ˾꽫д󺵡Ҫͺӡ䲻롰¡ֱ֣ȥһ
ȻһЦѾʮǿ
ӹͷ˵ٿӣǳǧҲҪ⿹ӣֻ²ס

ˣôǲ˼ֻġһȻԸͬ˵ףѰҡɲĻƼҲֵĺ֣һô
ʱæȻҪԵġЩ㽫ͷ¶¡Ϊʮº⿹ı֣
һ˵Ѿء֪Լ׵ƢµŮ

Цʮ·ģƼһ߾ȫΪ·ǡ
һһ£һʮģǾͰˡʮ֮»ٹ
˵꣬뿪

һֱ͵ſڣۿ뿪Żţ͢ؽ𡣴Σʧܣ
Цӯӯģ˵ѣֻΪõ֪׵ĲסϾƼ£ɸһ֧šŮۿ࣬ôܲΪأ
ɫ˫˵ĻҲֶȻҲŭɫס֣ģ˵ôŮֻ¡

ңѵȺڲࡣæǰΪȥۣ̺ϡһЬӣʼΪš
һ̧֣Ů̸ˡؾɲƵҶ˵ŮΪһ̳顣
صͷ˵ǰ֪˼
̸̣ܿ˵ݵ˼ڣ檿ʼΪȡ硣һ۾˶̱
سҡ

ɲ
һͬ»С񴺹ãѿ
Ǹ϶ϱ˵ǵǡѬˡ
»ЦŮ֪һ˫۾ˮعˡ
һﲢ죬ֻǵ˵Ƽֵңҿ۲аûʲôӡвŸ֮ˡ

ᣬ»չˣ͵ЩƼȷʵҲ˲֡ˣֻǱӹԡЩӣҿ˵
һһ·д񾭹סǴʣ˵Ƽ֣Կʵ
Ǵһ˭ùĵѵ
˵»ѾϵҼصһСӹȥ˿ǶӣǸղžͱˣ٣С˵˹үĵ治ǺùүƼȷʵó֣ǼȴǾҷһҪְǵһƼʮٺ١
ӣһ̵ˡ

Ƽҡʮ
һ˼»
˻ӣò
ˣȴ˵ǡ

ƼңСԺ
һʮҲվԺſڡʮˣ˺þãԼĴֻ֣Ҫѯʣ㲻ɫشԼһ
Щˣʵġж

ٺ٣ʮЦʮģ¶Ѿˡһٶʮģû©
ǾʶŮǴʲôͷġֻƼеĹܾͣЩûʲôϢŮŻĹ

ĻôһС
Щж֣ڴǾ֮ɶԣϾֻ©ôһȥԼǻǰһ߸̾һߵǽ֣ᵥȥ
ʮϲлϲ̵ȥˡ

ɲ򣬵һ˺Щ񣬹Ȼֻõһ
һ죬סһ֡ʮ

ȵ뿪صԺС
ִ̧ޱĲ룬ֻⶫʱֻһΡʼЩף·˶Σص˳Ԫꡣ
ξУֻѡˣֻ֮󣬲Żӵм䡣
Ļ̬ĵḧ޼롪棬ҿɾҪһؾϲˣ

ߣѾͷһոЦúˡ
𣿡ΣͻȻʣ£𣿡
ǸຢӣĸǷŮǻƼҵˡһջ˼СȾƣĺѣȻҲȥ
ǼСںԺɨķŮ㽫֮ۡǷŮ˴¡

ǰ˰ͷ϶䡣ҶЦӦֻ꾫
Ȼˣ꾫Ȼĸ׺ܿϲúÿҪ̺ڻƼһҲʲô¡
ͷԼò

ԺҪѾ֣Ŭȡϲ躹ޣֽ䣬㽫Ҫ˹˻ߣûʲôH˴ѡҲǸһ
̺Ǿģںʲô¶
ʱˣ˻ĸ

Ǻǣл쳾Ҫڡ
л쳾ȴûлͷԻϸ΢ĵ顣СģǻѾл쳾Ƽңūš
Ϊ˵½ĵ˸ɾȻˣΪ˷ֹ֪󱨸һЩ£ͼӴף˵߷ֲ֡

ԭΪҲܼ޸л쳾ˡ˭֪ȴԸޡΪˣºһ󣬵л쳾ţڶ෽ӡ֤֮󣬹ȻƼңū塣õš
ʱһֱֲ̿»һֱûжҲû
л쳾ľټл˵ŮڻõŹò˵˸׵ӵܡ
Ͼл֮͵£šŮȻҲȥ

֮󣬻ּʱ治صȻܶ໰Ц
ڵĴ¾ԵúԥЦҡҲǸ̹Ѿͷôʲôأ
ǲ⣬˵ڣһˡڴ˴˶٣ͻȻ˵ʮ֮ȥӴˡˡʮţ
һΣʮӡ

ԡһ򣬱ʮЦҶǰϲˡ
֮ж䶯ˡ¶ø£Ȼǽ»һתˡȻ⣬ʣҡңҲаʮ
˵Ȼа취С
ʣʮأҪʲô
ϸԼһ˫֣˵Ҫת
ʲʲôµɴ۾ʲôŵĹ

Ǵһ𣬻Ŀʼתˡ
ԼĻ鵤ʼǣΪԼ֮·»
¿
ʮʲôʱЩȤ

һԼʮ֮ڣܿ͵ˡ
ףٴȻǲѴ֮˸£ͬＸ䡣ǲȴͷص뿪׼
û취ֻñ⻨ȥ

һﵽ˻ƼңȴûȥԻˣʵǲϲ
ֱСԺȻϴһж̵ӡ
ȻսСԺͿиѾһǰ߹ȥطǻɵý˿飬ȴһСѿ

ʲôһͻȻڡѾͷȻǴ¡һ̧ͷæص°ݼ¡
ǵ¡һüôôϲƺҲһŮӼƽϡֻʣʲô
⣡ԼʮĻæ˵صµĻǡǴһʳ֡ϴĻ¡һꡣ

㣿һｫǻŲǰֻѣˮ֡Сѿȴ͵ʮֱ˵ƼһѾҲı¡Сƻˡ
ƽһα˿϶ʱߵͨ죺¹ˡҡֻǴСʮĿȾҲѧЩ
һһ˵ʮ֪𣿡

һԥ͵ʮ֪
һͷ˵ɡһסɲҪʲôǲǰҡ
΢΢̧ͷײϵһĿ⡣һ飬ͷҲʼѣƽһΣͬ˵ɫº׽
ҡááҵص

һûټٲСԺ»ͱӭ»ʣټʮˣ
ˡһղŵ£ʮдµѾͷǻƼ츳֮ˡҪĵʮͽ֣˲
»ֿһСԺ˵ݣӦøϲʮǵ¹ٻΪʮ
һɨһۣ̹¹ٶ졣˵ŻģظԼһ͡

ȻˣҲûżһڿ̿๥顣
ģⶼдʲôץûҳ飬˯ʮҲǸˡͷϲ룬Լһʱ˾һ
ͷ׶̹ɣҲˡ
л赣ҺŰɡ




28.     һǰƼ

ڶʮ£
, ʵһ֪
ǰΪлƶϸµ˽塣ֻǴǰĴ󲿷ּױȫлƶϣǰⲿǮó, ӯԼ
䲻ڳԪ, ͻл쳾ʱȣϣü

һʱҲ˷, ֵ£ȻûΪ
Ǹ£ǰʱ侫ȫũڴ´СֵҲһ֪ѾͷļѾʮֹ㲩, żᵽһЩ, Ҳ˵ֵ
Ψһȱ, ֻ
ð

⼸죬һֱڱչ
ɲ, ȻҲǽ齻Ǵ±æ鿴ũչܻƼ֪֡ʲôʱ, ʼũһ
ʱ, һ𿹺֮¡˱㾭һ鿴ǸС硣С糤ϲ, ϾҲһֱ⡣

ǵһ˽µ
˳ֵ, Ҳ˱Ļµĳ, ȷʵͬ顣·Լÿÿ˵ʱλ꣬ض˵䡣

³
ͷ½Ȱʮ, ҪҲóѽһϵİǻҪΪأ
ˣӻ֣вʱ䡣ʲرõ˵Ѿʮֽȡﻹһӻ

ֹð죬˵ǽˡ
һĿһ̧⿴·ϵһ֯ɺɫţѪһֵ֪ơ
ⶫ

ɲǼ
֮ǰ׹ϡһʱ򣬾͸ҽŮСʦǸһ
˻ǡ
Цһʱʮְۡ벻ⶫԼûУﻹûУ
ۼԼϵ֮ʱЩңʮʮ
¡°ɡȽ¶¡֮Ŭ䣬ûһĶõı¡

ۼˮһҴҹȥ
Ǹӷһֵɫһ깲ʮ룬ҶƬʺ񡣶ȫûнˮ
һ￴еֲ꣬мֱ𾪡»ͱҲǾ˵
£¡£Ʒ֡

¹Ҳһ
»Ҳǣʵ塣
»Щ죬һڴؿһһｫժ࿪ӱֲڣȻȴ쳣ʵ
˵ѾһƬ¹ȥ֡Σ

¼ֱԼ۾
ڻƼȻǲӵԼũġƼеũǰɻԼĶŮǹӶɲĵ軧
ÿʲôֶ˵㡣

ήҲ񣬻ƹ˼ҵЩũеֵõѾͷ
ֻŻ軧Щ°ˡ
񣬵һﾹȻԼ֡
ܳ˵ɡɼ˼ҡ

һصԻᰲţصġ
ü٣ð죬áµġ
һº͵صԺ²سҵ¡
Ӣʣ²ߵõͷðСʣǡӦγƺأʮƺΪ

һ΢ЦʱҲôƺɡ
¹ʣҽˣòã
ȻһȻӦƺӦ

ȻɲԱһƬũ
¿ƬĶ
ôһƬأȻеũﶼࡣȫԼʼӿ졣
һûи߻
ʮ̫æˣҲЩҸЩ꣬ö鶼֮£ԼҲԡĬĬԼ˵

ʱ׶̹ɵֶѾвͨˡ
ϾǸһһģʲôӣ
ֻץһֻӣԱߡ泤ụ̂žʮ񡣻ʵסʱ򣬾ץһһһΡ衱ζ˭˭֪
ͿЩĵ伮һһؿһ߿һ治޵ģлƶҲװ
찡ԼҪѧᣬֻӾҪѧˡ

ɲ⡣
¿ʼŵ軧ָǿʼ֡
ֵܽǵȻ֪£ۿŵһССһѾͷȻʮֲʱ˰ҡ
⵼µһԻƼʧȥеĺøС

ŵһı˳ۿӿʼѿһ̾ʶԡѿڻ˲١
ˣµȻҲˡ
лңȴҲڴʱ˵¡һѻҪѻġֻ˵ֻȶо졣

һﲢֵ֣һ˳ôͽ磬ò졣⣬֮е¡
԰ο¹ﲻعȽǡһοﲻ˳֡ԹĲǣһɹġ
µ˵ͷȴЩĲɡ

ǱһҴһصСԺһʱȥһ
ʣ׼𣿡
һ㶣˼ת˵ʮǴ²á˵䣬ǹڻǰΣ˵Լȥˣ
һֻɣȲҿұʮǡ

ûȥԹ̲Ȥǵ鲻׳ˮȴҲ롣
һ𾪣ʮ֪
Ȼ֪֣ǰѵ˶ңΣħʱһԺһǧ˰ٶ硣˵ȥ￴
һҪǰȥ¶ʱЩң˵ʮҪȥ𣿡

֣Ҳȥ
æ˵ֻǡڣҲˣֻ˵ɲԱһƬũҡ￪
Ǹɸӡȫ۶Ļ͸йϣ˵λΪһݼҵ

æͷ²ҡ֪ⱾʮġǵϣҲʮġ
˵úáͷɣȥ

ֻŻһ·ɲԱ
ȻͿ˺ũ鿴ƶ飬ֻ˷ӵ֮£Ҫıɷֺʡ
ɡ

е軧뿪ũ˻ΪԭΡɫɢ̷ۣƮƮҡҡ׹仨ضɲǼ˽⣬հů󡣽ɳũдУ£
վߣζ¡һ㣬ˡԺҪ֣ҲҪͻȻ룬ܾǻԺ޹˼ɵؽ罻Լԭ
ΪԼԶҲȡ
Щ꣬һֱ̺̫˽һһذѿػƼˡ
ˣǱǰ޹覡෴ơΪӪж񣬱ж

ҧŴãڵ
һѽɫڵرᣬûΪ֮ɫһȹ޷һ˵ˣõ軧½
ĳȻ˵
æӦһǣ뿪

գһ»ٶǰ鿴ʱѾָ
ֱ档»̾
¼˵һʶܹһЦˣҹһҹδߣµȻѾָˡ
һɨũ΢΢ͷ˼Ůӡ

һΣûн¹
ɫͨ죬ҡΪ˽ǣҲرġ
»һ⡭˼һ˵ֵزԼɾͲˡ˵¹ٺͱ軧ɵ
һһ仹Īȥɻ
»ߡ

°꣬һ׵ʳӺճΪͺںˮԴȻ롣ҶƬʺܴˮ
Ԫ꣬˾ཫӷȥҪձȫֲ
ȻˣҲûô˳

ֲ֮󣬺ܿջȻƼұ˸Ѫͷ
ʵ̫ѳˣ
ȻӣɲᱻڣԥذѴƳȥ˽֪ɱףԴ֮֡
»ûļ죬˱ָξء˾˱ܺúõڻƼΪˣʮֲ죬Ŵδ
ڣ󺵺ܿ١

ˮɺԣǧ
ʳ𽥿ƤݸѰˡƫƫ׻šֲͰǿ׳ҶƬ͸ʮַʺ񡣰ʵڿʵûˣҶҲܽʡ
Ȼζȷʵ⣬Ϊ˻˭˵ࣿ
һʱ֮䣬֮ͣģȫ
֣ø˽֪

ʱ
±⡣˶ԣ¡ɶԣ˵ֻһΰˡᣬѣֻԨ
ʱĻ˼ȥʲôס
ֱһ죬һǰƼף




29.  ʢ   Ȼȴ

ڶʮ£ʢ
ӳԪ굽Ԫ, ʱҴҶ
´һѾ¡ƽʱô֣ȴʮÿһ, 
¿ľ⼸꣬û֮¹Ϊ׾, Ʒ磿
ȻҲ벻Щ, ΡɣΪ괦ŻѪˡ

֮䣬²ľ֮һĵ衣
һĳ輫, ֮, ǡܿ˲ͳΪ֮
ҲΪҽһпҩ, Чֹ˿ڸȾŧȻ۸Ҳ, ĥ֮󣬾ͳΪռгҩ
һֶ, , 仨Ҷʮϸ, ȫˡ

Ƶ, Ҿɹ±ǹ, ȥκһȴĶ糱ˮģЩ˶Ϊ¹Ϊغӡ

ԽԽĹҹס
ȻǻƼҵļū£ȻҪ
ȴǲġЩӹȻܿź, źʼҲȲ´ƼҵĲƸ
ɲɵЩŵĹӸ磬һȫƵˡ

ԺգڻƼңʼֻһѾǲᵥũģȻסڻԺ
ȻһгԴöȽڻ졣ɴ֪ȥˡҪΪԼıһ·

ԪȻ룬Ҫǰ͡
ֻûȹŴǰ
սУͼ͵һѾֱֻǰʩ񣺡ˡ
Ǳ䣬̬ƴǰʤ£硢Ӣˬ
һ΢Цʮ񡣡

ߡȻһ˵ʵǰһ£ϣȫ
ɡȫһ͵𡪡ǰһףǳԪ꣡
ѵ쾹Ȼ׵ģʱʮ־ᣬǰϲһ͡ʱʮĽǿʵı۰
ڣѾ֪ϸûʲôʵı۰

һΣǾܾ
ɣϾĵһǴ֮󣬱һٶꡣ⣬˵춯ҲΪˡ
һڰ׹ΪԼҽվ
ֻԼܹܲһ

һʱ֮䣬˼ɢ顣顣
ڴʱҲŶ뽲
һȢĿɨæܿһ¹Ϊޡȫ
ȵȣͣ
еķҶһ̡Ȣ£
ⲻ԰

ĳԪ꣬ʵҲûжٽ˵Ҳÿ괺ǰһ棬ÿμ涼лڳ
ΪάϵԼǲ˽¼ġ
ʱԼʶĵһҲѡԼסôһη
뵽Ȼ׹ʲôһ顣⹷ǿԼֵΪһεġӡǴ£ȻͻȢѡ
ϵһΪˣܿó˽ۡԼ
ȻˣȴĹ

Ҳԣ˵ʱҪΣǺԼΪˣΪ΢ٰչأαǰ׹ΪԼҽֺαطѾĻڽã
벻סʵ֮󣬾ʧȥϵɲ򶼲Ҫ˵һˡ
ǵһӺ

ӺԼˡȣʮΡ´ͷȴơ
΢˵˵Цˣ²ǸʹѾͷôУ˵ˣ׷ҼҰûҼҰҲϰߡǰɣ
ʡĻ˼ݵλɲ˭ȢȢߵġ

ǰ⹷ѪǴ˵ġȻ׻˼ֻõ˵ǡ
һȴ˻ͷʮҪȢ¹ֻͬʮһȢˡҪȢʮǱժ顣ǿ¾ҪɲΪƸˡ
ѻðɡԷ񣿣
ȴǰһǵһܽɲַһ£˵ϻкβɣ

ԣ˷ģҲϡ֮أ
΢Цһǰ˵ǰʧΣڣɾǻðˡ촽˵ʮˡһʮ£ֱеõһǳ鴤
ϧҰ飬ȴһǿ֮ˡʮǿգԼµµΪ޽ӣʵǲϲ
˵꣬һʮ¼¡
ζһ㣬䣡

ʮ¡վԭأӲǱӡһʱ֮䣬вյ˸¡
»󾪣ŭ󵨻˽̵ŮǴ󲻾
ŭʣŵ¾ҿڳԣϽ
ɻܻĿֱˡ¿һֿʵû취ֻһˡ
ֻСģѾͷǱҳ軵ˣĪҷǵһٰӣٸ軰

һð죬ʮȷʵģ¾ʹաԼļҽʮֻɣպǲҪˡ
˵꣬һãתҪߡæסϢŭʶôҿţȴԵʮġ¾Ϊ檣ڰѾͷԻ̡ܽٲҷ
һһߵ»״ҲáǼҵҲǶԴ¹⡣
æ£ɲ֮¡

һŮọ̇̄ܽȴһŵǧġ
ʱһϲĳڴ˹ϲϲ檡
һԵͷ֮󣬱Ȣ

ټĺôؽһͳȥ
˻Ƽңһ»ͱ档һֱǰУ»˵˵ɹ˴¹ȴʮòᡣֻǽˡ
ǿɲüëһɤѧʮ¡
˵գЦ»æȵס죬㣿
æڴʱһôϲ죬˵
»ͱһصó١ֻһ̲ͣŷϻֱ˵һ·Ȼص˾࣬ҪðѪ

СԺֹòᡣֱǺ޲ð˵һƤֻ֪һΣҲˡ
ǱҪϾٹ£л쳾Ҫǰɲ׽ˡ
ԼܷۣͿ⼸ˡ
쳾ôޣһΣһ㣬һл赡

չأҲĴޡ
ԭһ˳Ȼһ죬ʵʦߵĸͻȻ£ҪΪһ˫߹²û˵ҩݣһڴӦ
֪һʦ֮ӡδ٣ν˫߹ֻǽڡпʦԼδϱ
ȻӦ£˵һҲû˻һ·ǰϾ
֮ʱ˺ܾãȴû
֪ΪʲôÿοܸоԼһ⻷ȫ䡣ͬδŰվǰ

ͷ̺ѾȻʣأ
Žշ¶˵һ顣źҲֻԵͷһ̶Ȳ
ⲢδΪܾ˵һסʦ㵱ȻҲûټȻһҪӭȢ£ҪɲΪƸʦ㽫ϾһƺҲ֡
ʲô˫߹֪ʲô
Ҳ⡣

һദգ־֮¡׽׽˵⣬վǽǳʵ̸ϡ
Ҳܡ
°ѪҲмɫǾף޸

Ͼֱӱӽ˹ȴûмʦ㡣
һСԺָһ˫߹˵¹Ⱦ˵֮˵á˫߹ͽˡ
Цӯӯģʮֺʮһʮ缫״µ˼ϣڶЩȻˣ֣ܽǿɾٺòˡ
¿е˫߹ʱɵۡ

һﵱȻ֪±ӽ˹ֻһôҲΪ⡣
˭֪û죬ȴ˴¡˫߹ˡ
Ҫ֪ʦ֮ʱѧĵһΣǶı˫߹ϡ֮Ӧ֮ԴȻȴʵ𾪡

һ̸֮Ͻ
ɿݵ˫߹ɪɪ˵һֻʣʲô£
ҡҡ¿޵ҭ
Ա߸˫߹ݣѰһ꣡⡭Ǻð
һӹ˫߹Ȼ붼Ѿ

£ĿȻ֡
ȴһץס½ǣŵʮҪʮһа취
ʮкһüͷ塣
кڶ鷳ˡŮ˿ȥǺܼǳ𰡡
ѵĿˣ궿ˡ





30.     

ʮ£
׻˾, »ڲˣһ￪Ž
»æվ
һһߵ鰸, ֿտգء»Ϸ·, ҲҶʡһ˼Ƭ̣˵ȥɲ, ʮ

»ͷƤһæʣΪ£ϴȥףɰ˵òᰡ
һָû, Ϊ˫߹, ɾڽ, ˡ
»ǺεȵĴӦ, ˵ԼΪƼұ, λʮ
һбһ, һ㿴ءı顣
»ֹͷƤ, ȫƤˡ˵˼ǡ

µ, ˻ʲô˼
, ȡһڣⶥڴϣǰȥɲ̸̸
̸̸ĸ֣Ȼ
»һ̴ľӣװ, ȻΪԼ˾桪̸ʲô̸

ɲ򣬻Ǳ
˾ั»ϧʹһŴͷֱӸϵƼҡ
ʱ˾࣬͢ʮޣΪ֮ܡͷֶҪڹһŷļ۸ʵƣײá

ڣัǹ˲ˡ
˻Ƽһ·СԺѾͷסֻýд裬Ȼ
˴Ѿãһ˵˾ˣһЦ
ȹҲʹһľװ»Ц˸ߴһҾأʮﰲã»ˡ

صǺò
΢ǣƤЦⲻЦԭัǰʮģôͻȻҪСŮӴ󲻾֮ˣ
»Ц˵ʮ˵ЦˡǼԲסģͶɣ»ЦⲻϴεҲʮְûڣҹص¹ЩԱǸ⡣
˵꣬һ̧֣Ȼһ̴ľӽ

򿪣Ц»ʣô˵ʮūҵǸˣ
̫ᰡ»̾ǡʹ˼ʹڲﺣ
̴ִľӣһڡ»æ˵Ǽڣʮ
ڣò˵һȻһȷʵ޿ޡ˼ۣͻȻ˵´ˣ
»һݡʮǷǷšôһ룬Լҡʮ¡ǡæ⡭⡭

תתڵɡ
»æʦ֮һΪⶥڣٹŮ߼Ҳδ֣䰮ʮҲʵǳĵǸˡ
ĵǸֽӻЦҪǸǰʮԼ
»һӻҡ

ڣʮ¡Ҳ̫⡣
»һϢ̶ϵɲɲϾȻ·;ңԶǱϾˣûЩǮҲڻ¡
ԣʮ¡ʱ̤֮˻СԺ

˷ֱ֮󣬡ʮ¡һ࣬Ӱڵú㡣ϴ㵱üǴ󲻾֮ɣȫţᣬҲҪûҲȻ֪»αϥԶų͢سͷƽϡ
ȫıݣЦŵʮǴ˴ǲ֪к°
һǳ鴤ԻƼңһ񡣵ѾηҲסƽƼҲƱرǣʱ򣬺ߣɾͲˡ

ŶⷬţţеЦյһڣ֪·ºأ
ʮ¡ϾΪһϡı֡˭֪֮£Ȼһʦʧѵأ
ذȻءһڲ裬˻һ˵ѽǱ٣ˡ

ߣ֪ͺáʮµܼʱȣƼһĪֱ档
Ҹףϴˮ㣡
ͷ֣صʮ˵ǡѾֵزóԼƾ֤ƼҸóҸ壬Ҳ޻˵
ʲʲôƾ֤һ΢١

ȻȻǱ»߳͢ƼǩԼʮ£ЩƼҵ⣬СŮӾ֡ÿһԼֲֽ֣Ȼ͢ҪƼϡ֣ƾ֤ǰɣ
⡭ɵˡ
״ü΢ʣ͢ûаɣ
˵ȻûУʵ飬ֱӽ빬Сگ¸Ƽҵġ

һȣʮ²˽ѾͷʲôԼŻƼ˽Խװɣɫ࣬£ū壬˽֪֡Ĺء²عأ˲ӣһƼ˶Ӱ죬κأ
ӣǺϴˮȻͬߣ˲任˸ºס˵ʮﲻòǴϻ۹ˡʵ¾Ľѡ

ҵҵҲЦӯӯСŮʮҪȢλ١˳㡯СŮףǿɾͲˡ
ŮˣǼǳ𰡣ĥȴЦ磺£ʵ¿ǲܣͻ˼ˣд
֪ˣһˣ˵Ҳҡʮ³ССŮϴأ

ҿˣǷģʣ֪ʮҪĻأ
ǣ΢ˡ˿ɵûС
һڲ裬ţ
ᣬ˵θҵֻСŮֹ֪Ա˿Ϊɺ׺ɻ⻨һΪ׹µҽŮһ˱һ˴һ˵Ҽ֮ϲҲָ͡

δҲ̫ðˡ
ʮæ֮ͣ
Ц᣺ȻǾ֮ͣǾʮ±ɡ˵꣬ĵؽһ䣬ϾƼҹڶ࣬ˣ²֡㰮࣬Ǿͱɣ
塭
ˣʲô취ʮҧ³һ֣ɣ
ɷ죡

ҹһϾ
Ȼʱûôڸ·õڵĴͷ쵫
ӦһǿǰһףѣʱЩվȡһбߵļֱֻ֡ϣʱȥֱֻǧ֮ɽ
վΣɿлζ
⹷ܸͦ˰ȫеġ

ʱվĸˣϻƣȸ˾һһ񣺡
һͷջֱۣ±ڹһƫԷʮȥ
˷˵ҪЪϢһҹ
˵Żֱȸ˾˾ߡ

һֻø˫߹´Ҫüɵ顣
ͷУֻͷؽᡣʱɫѾ磬ĺɫǰ˾󲼾ֻͬǻûôˡܶطװҲϸһֲڸ֡
һ⿴һۡĳԪ꣬÷ڣﲢûС

˾ѧӾ͸ˣ쿴ˡ˵ǴߵټҲܼƬ̡
ʥΥиӳ͢˻ٿһ
ʵʵ˵ǸʲôʲӴͷ
˵꣬죬ܼһˣʼŻ


ðɣҹҲɲʲôˡ
˵꣬ҪȥͷȴԹԵǰߡԴκŲҲḡǡ⼸ˡ
˸Ƿзͷ͡һԷǰֱŽȥΡ齶Ϥģ滹һ䣬ԡͰ̫ˡ

ڣڴ£˵ȿ磬һгҪ֡˫߹ֶҴǰδ»Ҫڴĵ伮
һʮȻظΪȥЬ࣬˵Щʮｻ︣ԻḺ𡣡

һһͷһѾֻЬ£ذڷڴߡŵҲѾ£ʱҽţӵϵ
ɴ۾ͻȻʶǵһԷϰˣ
ɵһȻԶ𾪣ŻӣֿĽšüˣ޴롣̧ȾһĽţֱߵüһ
Ҳʵûܻ񣬲Ȼβڴˡ

һＸǱӳȥ˳´齡ſڣһ˷šվſڣЩı˱ӡ
þšôԼȥΪЬȥˣҸµǣֹҲ¹Һˡ
΢֮£ԼɵȻΪһ
ѵԼǰв֪ūԣ

һߣһ˼ԽԽľ
һֱ鷿ͷһԼϻ߬Żһֻӡ
췢ģûʲôֵȺáֻɰ׶֯滹˿ȣϻͦޡһ뵽ֻ۵͸СԼؿһߡ
˾ȻмԳ
˷ѽ⡣

鰸󣬴㴦㹫ģתΡЩ鰸ͻȻ֮䷦ζ
һ˰죬飬ؿڱһŵ¶ȡ
ΣԽһӣ鷿Ըһ
Ȼȥ죬˺˯⡣˲֪Ƿ˯һҳͼֽ棬һɫһ̼ʣһ
ֻֿɫ࣬һҹߡ

ϤĴϣͦˡ
ʵǼ֮ٴʾûôΧơĳ򵥵˼㣬󼸺ûб仯
һʱҵĸо

ڴϣһĴ齺ܸɾ̵ͷͱ죬ҲûļգȻҲ
һǣ۾
ʵҲûʲô߳ܵģ԰ɣϾһﲻѹӣء衭ˣˡ
ֽһ죬Լڳһ͡ͷ裬һ˯ˡ
©յһȻ˯ʮְȡ




31.     ǿϧ

ʮһ£
, 򿪷ţ·˱
һס˾Ĺ, Ժ䶼ûСС˭Ծ
һ˲, ʽĿ˷Χ˸šЩˡϾûٱ˴, ƤҲˡ

ţֱȥһ鷿
һ鷿λѾȺ˾˲࣬ÿյĹ¿ɲ١λัλټ, Լڡ
һ, Щԥ

λΪԼҼֻ, ŮɫҲʮֱ, ûᴦ롣ҹ£ʱǰࡣ
ʲô£ʡ
ͦӵ, ˵е, ܷƲһˣ
ʱ, Ȼ׼ǰ͵͵, ʲô֮һ˵ʲô²ڴ˴˵
ðɡʣҵأ

λͷ졣
ܵͷһ, һԾһ鰸ҹ˳ְѻӷˡ
˳Ŀ⿴ȥʵϣҲֹǻ˶ȥˣȻֻɫ, Ͱ鰸һǡⶫλǰƼˣʱΪǸд˴ʱ˻Ȼ
ǰһѽץתߡ
ڵˣǻ氡鷿һؼžλ˫ĿƽǰԲЦŬޱ顣

ӣһ·ȥá
ķʵ㲻þ£ֻܿܳԡʱ˻ᣬҪϼڡ
Ȼ˾ð궼ûԭλá߽ȥѾŷ˵ߵǰ򷹵İʣ￴֪δ
ǼĿˡ

ǰһ㶣òǿʣ𣿡
⡭üȻ˼ҵĹأҲ˵ʲô˵֪Ĺأû
ǰҪ˵ԱߴӾѾ˾ĿҪʾơûУɲܡ˵һС÷һܹ˵һ仰
Ȼ˵ֿᣬˡ˵ǡ˯ڼԷ

ӲͷظϿСãȥȥȥǰɺͳ꣬תͷЦؼ˵ûҲܶŶӡʵĹﳢС˵գֱСٹ⡣λС㵥Ϊš

ò˵˾ʳȻһζȴһǸ˶

£һһˡ
ҪԼˡ˵˫߹ĵӣһгǰҲ֮ﶨȻࡣҪר˲ɰ졣
һȥһǱŤ

ֻü˵й˫߹ĵ伮ҲѰԽϸԽá
׼˲ۿ
һСʳؾ;¶ˡ緹Ʒ˵ĺ⣬м۵ļǣһõ廨ţ顣
Ĳõ飬ûܺţʱȤ

СףһһҨͽ
ĿһбݲݵһۡδԼֶ࿴˼ۡ
ŮƯǳɫȹܳһϪˮڿչȣ緱ڻԭ΢·ЩõĴʻ㣬Ӧ
ָ޳ָУ׵ʱ򣬱Ҳɫ١
һҲΪ緹ȻСˣͷһ߳Էһ߾Լҹڣ飬Ҳ

õţ飬áЩ±Ҳ˵߰ɣ
һ˹سԷüʣȥĶ
˵걦˫߹
ҪⱾǺ£һȴҲ˾ࡣ
Ī㰲ýģʣʲô𣿡
һֲ˵ˡ
Ȼе𣬱ϾڹܾͲ㾭ȥֻۣĻγڣ

˳Թһ߳á
һƺ¶ģ˵⼸ס˾࣬˫߹һ͵ȸ˾ȥһвԻ˸𡣡
û˵һعվԭأЦЦ
üë΢ô

ڿڶЦĪ᲻СŮ빬ɣ
һ벻Ȼ˾һŮӵϷʮ±Ƥʱʮأ
Ȼ˵仹ã˻һڣļƣֻޱɫƽͷԷ裬ֽŷ
Ծˣһһ󱳵ԺǽΧľ裬һֳ࣬Ǽ⼸Ҫ

˵ЩʣΪ
ָ̧֣ḧĺᣬ˵һΪʮ᲻ūңҪ˾࣬ء
촽ߣֺ㡣˼ʱйȼʶϢһƿġ
˿ЩԴϢȻ䣬ȴѾȾɫͦ崿ʱмֺ棬ָһ㣬ʣ㲻ûмʶŮ˰ɣ

ָˣͬһ˺ز֣ѹҲס˾̵ƣ
ԭ·˼˾ټơѾ˲ԾתҪߣͱסŭ
Ȼˡ

ֻƽ˹һ·ϣЦһֹ顣ƫڣ̲ס˵ʮǶǼ⣬ǿҪץˡ
ŶЦЦ
ƲһԼҼ꣺Ǽ߹λȨأƷòҲǼģ˵һְɣ
֣֡͡
̴ϣϾﰮĽŮӺֹǧ¹ٿʮﵹ࿴ʮʤĴ󡣡
ǿϧˡҼһһʮ֮ǹһסڵסĹᡣĬĬ²ۡ

ƶԵһһٴĹ¼ࡣӲ㣬ʹƫԷȴѾˡ
ŻȥԷڣѾվһߡͷ̧Ǹæӭ˵ӴʮūɰˡǺð
Żȥ˫߹վԭأֿһ󡪡Ů̬ȣġ˵ַ顣
֪ǼмְաǼŮԵ˷
ҿǾˡ
ҡҡͷ˾ࡣ

ʱ˾ࡣȸ˾ټȡ˽յķͼ塣Щͼȸ˾
ȻͼֽһȥҺܿͷֽҳ
ͼ屳󣬱ʻ΢ʵʮһҳ˴˯ͼơ̬ͬ
ȸ˾ֵĴǼ˺ð죬óۣ뷨޹ء֮ԻͼֽϣΪǼ˰ɡ
ټд




32.  ʶ   Сĸţҡβ

ʮ£ʶ
ʹ, ƫԷ
˫߹׼˹ڴĵ伮˻Ĳӣǰȥ졣
ȷʵż, ϾԽô, ʲô
Ҫ¹Ȼ, Ҳֲ˺á

Ժá
ϣЩ伮һߣͷ, һֱ
ð, ŵ, 𣿡
ΣйҲ, ū澲֪ʮָʲô˯֮ʱ˶εġ

ͷ, ˵ҲһΡһ, һˡҵĳΪ˲, ҷѾ˼
ãȻ, ȴҲ廰˵, ҵˡȴԲģйҵһСڵͦõģɺҷеһѾΪ˻ȡ֮һЩͼӴ, 
﷿ôأһͷˮϾֻһΣѵҪ棿

˵ǰǳεʵòáҽ߾ȫȥˮ£ֻһձС
²֪ﻰʲô˼ֻ˵ֻ˼̫أҹΰˡҵȶʮĵġηگûֻΪʥּߵü¶ʮĹ¿ɼ
ΪԹڵϣָЩʮ񡣴·ģʮаģҲúʮﻳɴ£ɱңҲùﰲġ
ǾôˣʧЦʾ˵ҷˣɡ

¼ûй԰鱾ʼ˫߹
۾Ҳ˫߹ô¡ԭһ־綾ޡػıÿһ˫߹綼ߵĶҺͿĨȫܹ
ޣѾΪ˫߹ȻҲϡˡ

˫߹߶Һʮһʮ귽һ
ÿνʱһһ׶ɫʵ綾ÿʳһڹͶ೤һƣΪ׹ɽ¾綾ÿÿ˫߹֮ʱ߱ȥ׹ֻ°׹ˡ
˫߹ֻа׹ֳµ硣ȵ˺߾ͽ׹˽Сߣٽ볲Ѩ

һһȴͻȻһ¡⣬׹ϣһ˵һ¡˵һٶǰ֮Ͼ
ʵʦΪѰţص̡֮Ϊʦ㣬˵һ䣺˽޷ǧꡣԪޱߣβȡ֮Ѫ٣
һ仰Żꡣ

˫߹Ƿйأ
вһ󣬻̲סȥ˾࣬üпչһˡ
¸飬ᵽһΪһﱾ˻ڣҪͬ׵ġ£´¾ˡ
ӦһƫԷ

˾ࡣ
һƽͽ˹صԷ׼ٷԷﱻ룬ûбռһҹŮ˾˯˷ԼȻҲ̫
ֻһ뵽űǽǣ˱ں
䱻ҳϾⱲ֮ˣ̴ӡеȻŮӣЩŮǰΨΨŵŵйŮҲ̡
˭ǰ٬

οδʦָʱԼĥʦδּ֪͢츳ȺΪʦ
һСֶȹˡ
ʲôŮˡòһ棬ӴġһŮ˸ʲôǨŮˣҲֺŮˡ
ȻģҲûŮˡ


һۼҲûʲôоֻǳƯЩۺð꣬Ѿ͸͸ʡ
ԻȻΪֵļա͢ÿ궼Ϊ࣬ⷽ滨ޡ㡣
ԼȢһóֵʷãɲʡ

ȻˣԼϲϲ˽ΪҪ
ŮкβͬȢؼУƴҲˡõŮӣȤԣʲôϲϲ
ɲ򣬺⼼ճԴ£תɴΪ檣˿ں
µᲢۡȻûӭȢµ˼ھΣ˸һκ͹÷ֵء

ɴ쿪ʼ㲻ԡ
Ϊʦ˼벻ʲôÿڸ˼ǧɾͲ̫ˡ
һҹ֮䣬ƺͻȻףŮŮ֮Ҳͬ
Ҳ˵öԣԼûʶŮˡΪһλʦԼʶǳ˼Ц

緹󣬼˽ัĸټе鷿
»䡢ơ̸桢桢Ѹٸ˹ȴԼ˾ʩһ鰸ָǽû棬ε緹ȥԡ
ϲ°»˻һۡϾһˣһϲӦꡣԼԷãʱͣ

»ֻõʼȥ̫¥ʳĥ
һﲻȾƣһֱƻӰ˫ֵȶ»Ȼɫǳĵط˭֪һȥٹݡ
ٹݡӣֹ»˶ɫ졣
ð죬һͬⱧٹݡǡ
˭֪ûڣһ͵вٹ

ֻӲͷƤǡ˵꣬ϽԼҼ𣬡߰ĵطʵ˼ˡ
ͷȻˣ滰û˻˵ġ
˭֪촦ҹͷûףʶǳһˣһ˾žͲˡ

ɵһ⻰ȴգҪȥ̻֮ߡ
»˲⡪̫߳ˣͻȻϡ
һԣʣȥֵطʲ
⻰ʵ˵ϡ˽Կһ
ɫȻʶһŮˡ


ðɡðɡ⻹ǡ˰Ҫȥ㲻͵͵ȥǴϡ
»ӲͷƤ¹ٵȡԸ㡣䣬תͷԸƣǰٹݣţ
ǻвģѸŶȥֻһС˵ΪʲôҪȥʶŮˣʱ䣬Լ·һѣҪʲôʶûУ
Ȼˣû
ǲǶˣҲǸŮ˰һ

磬ٹݶƱչݣ˵Ϊй͵á
ʲôͣûж˵
һ˾⡣һµĵɽ뵽ãͬǼʶ»ͱͬ䶼ʮָпǼǳ˰뵱ϱôһߡ
˸ȵĸ߶ȣڶܴǰμˡ
»̵һۣั
䲻˵ˡ

λัλټԼ˾ǰֵطŲ
ΧãдþƺòȻ
Ⲣۣʣô
üһֱ

ȻһνӴλͣϲֱӵģ˳ö࿡ΰҪĸиˡЦŵѵùСҵǣĹͣҰʦܲλүķۣɾͿǱˣ
һ䣬¥ͻȻгٹݲͬһ̻ȻҲšݸǧһζŨױĨ

¥Ҳʮ򣬴Уվһš
һԹȻҲ˽¥ȫˡ
ЦӯӯصҪ˭иˡ˶ɡ
һˮۺһһָ
ϣҪλǰ̣һֵüһһѡʮ

Щ㶣ֻȥơ
Ҳǲ졪⡭ô
˻һѵ⡭᲻̫ˣ
һɫΪŶʮˣо١
һⶼôֱˣҲؿˡ˵ͷ¥ϣ˴ȥúõءһ¡ţ
ɡ˵ͷʮλ¥
´μǸŮˣܲٱЦߡ

˵֣ǰҲ˵Ļϡ˴ʱȴϣԼʶ㡱ܱǸŮ˹Ŀ࿴
»˻һۣһƬž
ð죬૵ǼǡСĸţҡβ͡ţư
»Ϊ̫𾪣ֹˡ




33.     õһ

ʮ£
˾ࡣ
ܻǲ, ȥҵһ֪ڣҲµ֪֡ԼҼлԼҲҵ뵽˾Ļ
±о, ʱȴСͯС˵

Сͯѹõ, Ǵ±ϾһѪͳ˶ȥֻСͯ׵˵Ǹ, Ǽδķˡ
СͯҲ˵ûţ㡣
ôˣҪƸˡСͯǿ硣
磬ﱾǴЦġ, Ҷ֪ǵһδӡݡʱ, Сͯ˵ѵ֪, ˯ڼ˵Է

̶һ仰ȴ, 鵱
ϣ˯ڵһԷˡ
ֲɵ, Ȼ֪һΪʲôסѵΪòôܣ
ֻ˾͢, ͢ں, 𢡣, ˾Ѱʦ, ֻΪ˱֤ʳȶɽ

һѡףǿֵˡ
²ںһбŮˣһֻһŮˣֻҪܼ޸ūܺùڻƼҵһˡ
ԣһбŮ, ʵԽܡƫƫŮǻ

˫ȭָ״̽ģѪ߳ȴۡ
ΪеѪ
ʮʲôʤأ
Щ꣬ѵ֪Լζ
ɫʾҪǣһ̰ͼǡǡġԼأԼһŮ
ʲôͬ

ͬʧȥ֪Ķʼʹ
Լţۿ½ɣƫƫҪߡʱԼһʱѴ֮ܶԼ
ѵҾҪ
ͷĬá

ҪҪЩӵġ
仰ǻСʱ˵ġ
¿⻨أ¶ģ·Ρĩ˼֮УΣԼ䡣
סֱۼȥ

ʱٹݡ
¥ķʮλƽʱùĺ֣ȴΪִ١⵹ɬʵǰλιӳܲס
Щ﹫ӣ飬ǰλ̴һŪɲġ
ԴҶ

£ʮλվһţֱؿ龰ôôһȺҰΧסһֻδµСᡣ
СԲʣվôԶ
һ治Ǹ׳ʿʮλһӵϣҪʹľȻһɨΪ׵ıϹ

ϹｫЩ¶˼ͷĴࡣ֣˳һ˫ʲô۾һۿʱüͷ壬ʣʲô
ѽϹָɴٲһЩ¶֬ѩǶҩԵԽΡšˮɾ𣿡
ֹǿˣֱüë嵽һƵʲô

ӡƷζӹףԽԽðۣͬһɳ˲ʡ˵ȡ룬һץϣ볶±ϵɴʼ룬޸
Ͼһˡ˲ɰ
ŮӼˣǾޱȡǵƣʮƤҡƤˣǿɾˡܣ֪λȨأ
ʮһŮһֻñһġ

У»ǲġȺСɱѼˡԥǾ¥Ȼϵ¥һ֮ķŮġ
»ӣֻ¥
ʱϵĿ޽ԽˡѾˡǹһ𺶣ôǰȥȣձ

¥
ò׸ĺǸҩͼڷſ˱ϡϹԼȫòֻһһؿʮһλá
ӵס׷ײ鿴磬ֻԭһбҩɫӽ鶯ңҩ֮£䣬һƬһƬûĨ
ʱЩɫɫԽԽǳһƬһƬʧ١

һӣ
ʮһͷǣͻȻͱˣ
԰ʱ򣬾һˮƫģ۱һ˼ҲҪ
ӣ¥

ϲ޴ࡣֻͳ̼ʣƲͼǸʵʵˣΪϸڡʹ̻ĹȻˣûз֮
ȵڶλҲ֮ʮĬס˷š
˭ҽǺ£˭

ʮ࣬ʱһֱæ졣
ڻʱҲƣɫվþˣָһֱиֶʮλӵüۼ㣡
͵ȵ㷲һǻųˣʱһ
»˿һҹû˯ʱΧȥ˭Ҳûڡɶ

˻ӻ֣ˣзءԱ㡣
⻰ҶûʮͷţҲſˡ»ģʣʵƣЪһա
⻰һӵżʮλʱ۾ˡǣ˲Ъ¡ǵҲ롭

أû˵꣬ͱ˸ˡƽһΪȻ˷ãѪߡ
ˤˣû°ɣ
ķʵࡣܽһԼļţһƣ̬ٹݣﳤȥ
һ·͵ſڣᡣŮ飬λҪϸʣȴʵ

ʣǡǼô
⻰ʵáλתȥװʲôҲûȴԵʮλ⻰϶΢Ц
Ǵѽһɬȴ͸㡣ûϸ˵Զˡ

⡭⡭
СĸţҡβͰλʮ𺳡

Ȼˣûãٹݵʮ۱ǡʮҲûǼǾΪл
ϾǶšһÿÿʱ䣬ⲻСľ档


˾ࡣ
һ˻¹ˡ
һ֣һŻշŽ¹Ϊ˫߹¡Ҵһæӭ
һʣʮǰ

Ȼڻ
ǿб⣬˵ʮȥһˡ
ڻĻǲҹȻΥ
һȻƣۣ⻰ȴǴ𣺡Ժұȥ
´ͷһ޻˵˵ˣ˫߹¡Բ𣬶ҵĴ˵Ѿ

һü΢壬˵Ҫʮܾܲ㡣µּ⣬ʹҲΥ
æ˵ʮһܵġ
һ￴Ŀ⣬ӳӡãʣһ£һֱ㡣
µͷУ뽲
һʣԳԪ֡һȴ´£Щֵģ㣬ʮ£ʵ档

ˣڻˡ
棬ίίصЩȻʮĹ͡
˵꣬תҪߣȴʶذסԼۡϣѪѾһˣʣôˣ
һæסѪ˵ûûʲô

һǰÿ䡣ֱֻϣݺᶼ˿ڡ
¶ʱˣ֣˵ˣҡȻȥˡ
һüʣ£
ƺ̣ڵϣͷʹޡ

һ޵òˣֵ˵
³ʣ˵Ϊ˽ԽּǰϾһʱȲӡʮˣ͡͡ˣҲǹġȻżҲū澣ˣҲȷʵū澵Ĵ
Խ˵Խ

˰죬ǰȴδȰ
²͵͵̧ͷȴһ뵡ȴࡣвʣˡΪū澣
һʣʮʱͷ㣿úλЩ˿ڣ
һ㶣ȻȫȻûһЩ⡣Ȼص͹һʦϽ̶ȡ

⡭ûһ䰲οôͿʼѶأ
⧲˵֮ǰáķΡץסū澵֡
һֵݸһãȻһݣ㲻
ҪԼԼʮʮĥԼ֮ʱĳ¾סð죬ץһֱۣȻװػ˼¡

һһҡͷԡ
ôܲԡ»Ҫ˵󰸷ɾơ
һҹķ˫Σ
æҼǴˣǳҵķΡ
һֵҹȻΪǳ֣
¾סһ˵棬ڴ˵Ⱥһҹ˿ʱ䲻
Ǳһϣûˡ

ҲٸĻᣬӦ˾ǰ׻˾˵꣬һ֣ȥʮԺȥ
߳˾ʱ˶ǑFġ
Ȼ»ں棬֮ʱۡ˵ڱٹһʮ

ʹԷ
Ѿ˫߹˽ʮ͸˸磬ʼ֡һֱڱԷûߡǻһ߰һ֡
ǸؿСԺ￪ʼֻһ裬ʮ裬ٶ衣
ⳡȻһֱ䣬ֵҲû¡
Щ£ˮ

ɫˣڻ
һ·ʧǣȻСԺȴò
ʮǰصѾˣ˵Ժ
һ£ָ⼸ᵽܹ⴦
æǰỨ裬һ۾ͿϵѪôˣʡ
ûûʲô»ҵʱСˤһӡ

ҲûŵһӦн׼һ
͵һ㲻ʶ֮ΪѶʮǿһУֻôһææµµܾĪС
òΣȻҲôֲͬ

ԷרŵСҲҵʳĻȫ
򵥿ʳģܿѾŵĲɫ
չл쳾һ꣬Щ£ѾӦ֡
ܿĸСˣһֻҪǸ첻ǺٷԺˡ㡣

һһû
һ󣬾ͿʼԳԷһֱƽͣΪ£ǰ¶̨ѾѧƽӦһС
ʧľĻʲôŭ
ˣûڸ

һߣһʧԼ֪ΪʲôһĪĿ⡣Ҳġ˵ʮūȥ˾࣬˵˵
ʣ˵ʲô
˵˵ڱٹݡһʮڣ֧Բǰɡ
һ˵һ͵ɫڴʹʧ䡣Юһڲˣ̾һ䣺ѵﾹȻСˣ


˾ࡣ
˵Ȼ׼ġǾ֮ʱͻȻϲҴҵظˣϰ׻˾ĺ֣ۼһˣ
һüʣ£
ϲ̽ӴϢ߻سˣ
һ˫΢գΣˣัҳǣ
˵仰ͻȻתͷסƣʮﴫ˵£ղȥˡصУԻȥ
ȻæӦһۿף̲ס߾綾һСġ
һһűˣԳ˾ࡣ

ʹƫԷ
һٷˣ˵Ƽʮ
ټࣿ⣬ټʱкҪ£
˸Ҿʮշּǰص¹ٽʮһ˵³ͻȻسǣʮ

ʮ⡣
¶̨һ꣬Ѿϰл쳾ĲӦǲصǰ֪
յҹֱϰΪ
ڣһõһš




34.     Ӧˣ㲻ʳ

ʮ£
, һޡ
Ѫ磬롣
ξ޴ϲʯѨ֮С֮̾, ˫߹
ڣ߱겶ɱ, Ѿʮϡ١
ʣµһͷĳѨǰ

һͱѾ˺ܾ, ڳѨ֮ⲼһӦȫϻأֻ߾綾ޱȡ˾ܽ߶İ׹ȴֻһö
ζţΧ, һж, ֻܲ

ϲߴٵ, ʼɡ
һûֻǴӴ﷨ȡʮֵġƤЩƤȥ, ˽Уֻʮ, 㳦, ȴι̡
һȫš

һ, Ҳ˲Ť, ֻñȥ, ׷׿ʼƤƤԼѣһ̽ƤǣȫͷһΨ۾ͱǿ״п׶
һƺ⻹ȡŹֵ, ȫϡ
˴ʱҲʼסǷ֮ˡ

߾ϳΧжһ˵ӣǲܵġϲѾԶԶض㿪ˡһıҲߵһߣ˵գϲսͺáĪҪա
ĵĲ࣬ϾһᣬΪʵڲߡһȴûпֻǴӴ﷨ͳʮܡ
ܺںģԼа˸ߡÿؿڶдһ֣Ӽסҡһֱ

һ׻ڵϻʮȦÿȦͬӼ׵Ⱥ
ĬĬעҲҶʡ
һвúãһŶԱܽȦС
Щ˼˵ƫ¹Ҳ̫ˡ¹һ˶ܣǿУ񲻺ģ
һᡣȥɡ

Ȼһȣǰȥ֪ܿĲںһƫ
Ϊ˸ûг֣
͡ϱһƴ𣿣
һߣʱ
ǣġ

ϲվڵһԱߣۿűһ˶ߣʮֵǡǴô֣ȴֻһǰƺס
һҲű䣬ԵֻһŰ׹
ϲҲףһŰ׹Ȼֻ㹻һʹá˵òߣֻҲý
ʱĵһҲΪ٣Ҳġ͵ǾΥҲûȥĵ

ѨУͷϳڡ˫СɽһɶҺͬһƬơһֺֻ˳ࡣΪ˾Գ޵С
ǶߣƵߣȻܳۼնȥϵȴˡȥɲǰ취

ڴʱһֺſ죬ߣȻκܿ졣һҲֺ̻ͬŵȦڡ
ڴʱֺſѾӽߡſһҧСֺſ˫ĿһȻһը
ɢȴñܿ˼ֺȦ
Ƕȼֱ

Ŀɿڴ԰
Сĸţҡβͣ

ʱʹ
»˽лӻŮټͬԲײ㡣
һڻӻŮ֪£ֻùԹǰԲףҽææµµʲôҩɵЩӻŮʱȴڲᡣ
»ۼЩӻŮ룬ŵձżСҽò׼ҩλ´ҩ

úͿʮֲ
ʦǵʵۣ˭ָ˵֣
ֻĵȺ

߳ѨڶٶԱ
ʱѾʶЩСܵãβɨľɽʯԱΪƽءҲ˦ɳȥһԶˤɢһء
߹Ѫ죬˫Ŀ棬һڶҺ伱ˡһʣж
æңŵûУЩǹã

һһ֣а׻˾ĺһӵϣʼΧߡϲվԶһ
˫֣ᣬСӦЩ֪꣬˶پɵʱΪ˶Ըߣνǻ
˹ա˾̾

ˣ˾ȻĶࡣ
֮ۼ׵ǹ롣˾ǰϡ⻹ֻһƵߡǾŵֱ
ϲѾվúԶβɨɽƽһ㡣ֻòˣսҲüˡ
ɽϴԲʱսЩֲҡ

°ҹڣɽϵĶͣˡ
ϲ˺ܾãΪЩ˶߸˵ʱһһھ޴׻ɽǰǱ䡣
ϲæȥʣأ

֮һһаãĪ
ϲһû¾ͺáһȻҳôҲʦʮصĻӡ£ý
߹ȥһۿһ۷ϵѪæʣˣ
һϾѪҳϸƣ̬ԡȻҶòĶȥһ֮µҲ˱н

ϲ̾һܿˡ
һҡҡͷ˽صɽȥ

պ˾˹һھ޴ףȥֿɲڳߣ־ҫеջ
һڵȣһ·ʱ΢΢㡣ȥǻӵƫԷ
£»Ҫ¸

һǰУһ·Բ¡
ϲ˽˽лȥ˵
һһԲ»ȴǰ²ȥһ֪ԣңȴ»ߵɡ

һȥȴһֵܽȫۼڴˡ
عȴڴʱϡ
»վһߣλڴ˵Ⱥ򡣡ЦƺͲˡִ

˶̲סʣ»ҵȫڴ˵Ⱥáױ»ʲôҪʲôҩ»ҲԸ֪һɣ
˶֪¡Ȼ»ȴ˸ĪҪļаš
һҽ㵱֮вҽߣȻҲ֪Ǻҩ»ߴ٣ֻˡ
һҩв֮ء˽Գƽܴ졣ϰӻԥһҩ
ҩ֮ܿ࣬ʱȴתһͷ֪ϲϵüȥ

ҩ븹Ƭ̣һڻӻŮͷһ裬ʧȥʶ
»Ⱥһߵҽǣʼɡ

Բ⣬ãԲһ
ۼɫҸʣȻֻʳʲô
תתȥʵ޷ֻԼ˾ࡣ

˾ࡣ
»Ҳڵȣʣûͬһ
ͱ곤һ࣬һִ˾࣬糤һ㣬һЩ
ɦɦͷҲǲ⣬˵ûٳǱˡϾΧߣ´󹦣ѵΪѲɣ
»һ룬Ҳ˱ûϸ

ɵһһȥ첻Ӱ
»˼˴ڹԵãƽشʲôϢҲ㡣ΨһΣϢûС
Ҳ֪͵һһѶģĻӻŮ
Ƿʲô£
û֪

һʱ򣬷ԼһխСϡ˶֣ϾȻԼȻǱڴ˴
ҪȻҲ̴ϡ
˭棿һ￪ڣָɬһ仰˽ߵ̴ߣͷҽԺҽʥס

ǰʣвʣ
һػ˫֣ſң
ʥһֻ֣ǰ˻Σʣ뿴ʲô
һһֿ˲ӿŭſң

ʥֻ˿Щ˵侲Щ΢
˵꣬תⷽССҡ棬»Сʣ̫ҽΣ
ʥ׵Ŀǰѣֻʮˣ
»̾һС˵ڷšѾˡ
ʥ׳Ĭã˵ҩΪټЩ
»æԸȥ

һǿûк꿪ʼͬ˫һȶظķƣ˵̫ҽ
ʥһ㶣æ
һһ˵׷˺£µ֪һգ

ʥĿβֽҡ̴ߣ˵ĪˡΣ
һ֪˵ĸ꣬ȫʹ
ʥæĻ¼ҽϣȻĪҪļֻЩҩҪסЩʱա·˵⼸ʱЩϲʲô¹ٿΪȡǲ֮Ӳ̫Ѱ

һﶢ˵Ҵ۾ϳۡ
ʥסĬһ˵ǣ֮Բԣ
ʮ侲ʥֻ˵Ӧ˼ǣġܶȴѾǴ𰸡
һ˵ҽ⿪Ҫ
ʥʮΪѣ˵״ѣǲҪúá

һ˵⿪
ʥΣֻ÷Ը»ǾΪ⿪ֻ֫ɡ
»Ӧһǰԣ⿪һͷԼ˫֡ǵһۣʥΪҪ̴ϡ
ֻΪ˲Լڵӡ

˫ֲ˵ɫϸۣƬո¡ȥ飬ֹη
ֱǾ
ȫޱʹȻЩۻȫֲֿ͹죬ҪǵԼƤʥ׼Ŀ¶̡һڻӻŮ֮УλʮӴ˺ƣոɶ칤
Ӧһ޽ʲôҪ˿

ϧ֮ģԸڴ˶໨οĪҪšӦ˵ࡣ
˵һﷴ
ʥ׵ͷð죬ˡ¹ܡҩԲȫȻѿء
һˡ˵ץߣΪо֮ԣҵҩ
ʥײ˵ȥֻǵ֮һҪԼ΢ÿնڴ˴£ɷԸ˵꣬˳ң˷š

դĹ͸ﲢô谵
һ֡ŶѾۡչȥָȻ΢ġҵϸۡ
Լʲô
̧֪һʬ徭ʬϸŰײֻдһֻ֣Ѿͳ˰ɫֱϣϸܵɼ

һ۾Įؽ̧ߡ
֪ĸֵܻ߽á
֪ĸ˻ƵĽܼȴݡһ޽УͻȻѣĿ޺
ͬ

һĬ̴ϣ˫סɫѹԼҵ
»Ĳ̣һᣬ˺ƣһ˫ޱȡܹĺôȻҲĺô
˵ףǸӰ
ǰʣҪʲôūΪ

һãȻƬ̣˵ɫ˿ɫɺ顣ͷԼƬֹ֣˵롣
ƽʱֲôڡǲˡ
»ֻõáūΪȡ

Ҳܿ͵ˡ
һڱѹֵù֯
˫ͲʹͣϵϸܼӲ粻ֻù룬ѵر֯Щ
Ӧˣ㲻ʳԡ




35.     һҪ

ʮ£
ʹ, ƫԷ
˫߹ⲻﵱȻҪ˼
һһֱû»ͰҲûٹ˼, ɴ¹ȥ̽ʡҲûܼһ˾ࡣ

һ죬һ˸ա
Ҳס, ߳ƫԷſڵĹŮˣæʮ, ص㣬ߡҪȥ
ԹŮҲʮֺƣһӹȥЦŵ˫߹罫, һＱ衣ͷȥҸ

ȥҸ, Ȼ޷
Ů, ҲЦӯӯصǼ, Ǳǵ󲻵áʮ
ڹǽСϡй˾, ҲɫҴ, Ŀбӡ֪⹬еĲ, ȻҲֲԼѾδ
Ҫ֪һ, ֻȥʦˡȥʦ, ʦΪרȨܽһһӻҳΪ˳ԽעѪ
ôһˣ˭Ըأ

ɻҪ
СϣΣҪһԡ
ôǷֶ, Ӳ
ӿŲżǰС

ʱԲ
һССĹɺתɢЩֿԼϺɫָ֣Ѿȫˣ͵Ҫá˵»
⣬˯»Ȼѣ˵
һ˵ˡ
ŶŶ»æҲǡո׵ǲˡūɵӡ

ô˵ɵһٷﻹѵ
ϣͬһƤ
»һ۹û취ֻѰżϵһµļҲȫ¶ϺɫġѪһƤﻹа
ƣªôĿġ

һﶢű鲼ȫϸۣȻĿǼСȥϸ顣
»ͷۣͻȻ˵»Щ鷳ҽ
ơ»һʱ֮ûˣܿת˵ʮúãš
һġֻûڣһͻȻһֵûڵء»֮ʱǰѼһ֣ż

ֽϽۣ״ܴ򿪡ڣһѼ
յĿʹ꣬һȫҪȥ뿪
סǼȥϵۣҪƵԿײܴ򿪡һؽһΪȻһӴĥһ롣

ڲʹò֪ʹоԼáڷĥ̡һһظ뿪
һ˷Կףĥֻ̽˰ӡ
ң۾ƺѾﲻ塣ǼªԿ׻ǲתѼһƬ磬ʲôҲû롣
ȴƺԼ˼롣

ֻһ죬򿪡һ٣Կףʣļһһ򿪡ȻȻ˳ȥ
Բһ㣬ʥдҽ鿴յҩȻһӰһʥһ㶣ðŷӦʱˣˣס

һߵѪӿһƬҡֻ֪ǰܣȴ֪Ҫȥ
ϹٷãһƤͷϣ鳤ۡΪ˶ߡɢͷ۶ûϡ
ڹ񱼣Ұޣ֡ƫƫһˡ

ʥ״׷ϣһҽߣ̫ܵˤڵأֻץס֮ʱ뾲ѪģȻ߶
ֻȥ׷ɴʱĵһҲץס
ѾȫȻʧ˷ʧǣֻڹơ׷һԾѾһǽ

ǽСϣɹŮ죬ȥס
ߵü䲻ǽͻȻһʲôһƲ͵ײϡ
ֻӭһɾײһվȣڵأֱðǡ˼һӿɹܵġؿڣ˵ʲô


Ǹ˼£ײԼͬڵءƲȻ۲ϸܿԭĵɫ
ɫ
ſڵأûĳס顣
û߹ȥߵĹŮס֣˵ˣϽ߰ɣ

εĹﲻٶظſţֱ׷סؼס֣ûʼնҷ֮¡
ŹŮߣһһ
ŮС˵ˣ
Ǻˡߵʹߣ׵ñεָ֣׶ڡô˵ְЬȹֱߵСɾĵֻޱȣ۸飬˲˵֪ʲôˡ

ŹŮǰߣһֱȵ󶯾Զˣ΢΢Ǹˣ˫ۣߡ
Žţֺⱻשĥˣһ·ϸѪۡ
Ҫܼ΢Ц

ղֵ
ʱȲ衣΢Цһá
Ӵʮôˣ²յæ˫߹ˣ
ǳЦع˫߹ΣƼǲ¡һ£δŮҲֻ¡
£Եʮ⣬Цʣ֪ʮкҪأ

Լɫȥ˵ʵһǰǰɲҪӭȢһƼŮڽȴ֪ա֪ŮҶԣ¡ֻˣҪ˵
ɫһȻˡ˵Ϊ֮
ðŵ⼸աֻǲʮūҴʮͨһ
һǱ͸ˡ

ʦΪ˫߹м˲Ѿǻֲ̿ۿ罫ɣɲϣٳʲôӡ
ʦ㡣

Բ
߽ȥʱѾһƬҡ
Ƿʲô£ɫһࡣ
ʥҲǽͷö½һϽ׵һûзǱ
Ϊѣ˵ʮ﷽Ż˵Ҫ

ʮ˫߹𣿼ʲʥָһã˰»̧ȥ»󰭣ҲҽΣȴѼɡ
˵˵ΪƼŮ¡ֻͨһˡ
˵䲻ǰ˶һʥһݣŵú˺ü
ݡһ΢š

˵ţ
Ϊһǻ˹ȥһ˵ݡ
ˣ˵ʮϾΪ˫߹Ͼľֻ¡
һ촽⶯ҡȥ

ʱʮΪѣ˵Ǽģ˵ȻҲףæ˵ֻ˲֮Уܷܺʵڲ
һҪվȥһԵʥæɡ
ôʡ
ʥСҹСӲүүҧ˲ӡ

˸֪ЩٲȻѾ䣬Գ˴ȡǰֲҡ
һԼǿվ˫죬˵׼һ侲ҡҡͬ˵仰
Ϊͷ״Ҳ岻ʥףʥֻ˵ðɡ֮ϲɲ𡣡
һźɫϣһ·ߵһ㡣

߳ţû̫ʵǿҡ֮²ãǻתȴʶתͷܿ˹⡣
⣬Լϵ۹Χ߱빬ЩӵҩѪҳѾΪһ塣
»۷һƲȻûκ֮һֻﹶ͵ĹȻ֮¡

߽һ侲ңһ·ԡΪһӣⲼǳ⣬ֱӵ˼졣
ãһھ£ȥ
ȴļ϶ʥԲģʣΣȻҪ̽ǷѡϾſ֢ʶʧ
ΪͻȻظǣ

һƺ֪һԼ˵ģη⣬֫ɼ١
Ȼ壬ʶȴʮѡʥҽϼ¼֢״Ǹյԭȴܴ̼
һŲ𡣵һʶֱ壬̧ͷֻ֮˿Ƕξ̣ܶÿһ̤ϡ

ˣŮ΢ЦţǳǳһŮŮʵܺÿŶׯƮƮɡ
·ϰһֻݣ֪ҲǴЦ⡢ֱġ

ÿһֶ˵úµĻԼʹա˫߹ɲ򡣱ʹͣԻƼҡ
ʥվߣ֣ǰҪöࡣ˵ɫ볣ʱ졣
վ⣬ЦӯӯˮǼɾ͸˴ˡѾͷ⼸ء

ܣֻΡӰȻͦ
һʮ÷֮¼ɡȥɡ
ǳЦŵ⻰鰡ǣǾ괺ʱټˡ
˳ٳٲ
ֵ˵ѧһ־ƣȡõ֮ɣڴ괺ʱڣͬɺã

õľ𣿸ŲһעǸģӰⲻ岻һӰӣҲ˫ĿסƤϣҵ½Գһ
˵ء
ұ壬ǰСҾι
һۡ
һûлӦٴƮȻһݣ˺󼸲ֻֿһӰԡ

ת̤侲ҡ
˼£ľࡣĽŲȴǧٲѡֻ֪һΣ֪һữΪģôأ
ķźʱƣ½ݺᡣ
һҵڶȾˡ
롭һҪ




36.  쳾   ˭

ʮ£쳾
֮, Ҳûмһ
ۿʱ佥ȥĩڽ˫߹罻ȥĶ, ȻʦҲδټֻɲ
ߵ죬áɫɴ, ڸͷǰ·ʹһ𴩹

Զĸ¥, վһˡ
֪û̧ͷֻǹŲúܳʱ䣬оС, һЩҹ, ûǺ
©ҹе, ֻܼǿ

ңԶžϣһַ, ˶
ۣ۷ñ, ˹ʵʵźڰ֮, ܼͬĹ
ԶǸӰ, ԽԽС, ڱһڵ, ʧڹͷһˣͷֿԼϺɫ֡

Ӧúǳߡһ˵
һﱳһҪ¹򣬵˫ȸ͹ȥֻ˵΢μ
ˡһڰĵ, ǻʵʦ㡣ʵۣһλõɡߵһߣͬ
֪Щܿˡƽٱϲ̧ͷɽ֮£ٿݹǡ

̧֣ᰴڵһļϣ˵ƴ󣬳͢΢򣬽šҵ䣬类ͷͻɡԹżκαҪۡ
һʣԣˣǴۣ
ʦɿϵ֣ǳ֮͢ʯֻиıǵʣ˾̵ʱš£ûбѪõı

һעͼϿһ˿Ϊ˸ıûС
ʡһʰƺʣЩԲˣпһǶ׹⣬κһ𣿡
ʦ㲢ûпֻǵ֮ѪᣬȻ¡
ԣûС
һﴹߣʦ˵֪ǶԵġ͢ͳţͱʵԿšȹ̽ɽЪŰɣΪԼҲΪ𢡣

˵꣬תȥ
һﰲĿͣͶʼҵؿԡѪֿʼҵʹ˺ҧһ
˻ڵأĬһźӰ

ɲ
Ŵ·ػƼʱǡʦĴһ͵˻ƼҡӭϲЦտҵСʮб¡˻ûµʹ;ȵˡ
Ļ֪飿ӯӯһݣŮʲô£ǵ̵з
һЦ漴ҶֵĹͶø£Ϊʮ֡ԭ˸СºͰʮ£ضúܰɣ

һԣµͷƺʲôﶼκޡ
ԭֻǽԼ̤ʯϸ룬ǺпܵġˣǸġôãװױԼ
ԭȻǵԼڳô
ҧ

ŵôʮû£Ǽʱ飿
ĸ첲ϵЦȴ񣺡ԵĲǣɲⵯ֮أǵŮȻҲĴԶ־ҿģŮиĴ㡣
㲻޸ʮ£һ⻰ɫʱĪǷģ˳͢˭ܽɲַƼңΪӲˣûҵͷʲôҲǣ

͸һ׺֮⣬ĸ첲ҡҡ˵ﻰŮǳޣҲҪ۶˳͢һͬ߼ۡŮֻһպί˵˭ΪŮŮ޶֮ˣ
ⷬ˳˻ģһסˣͱô¨ӣлˡյǻһ˼ԸΪ֮⣬ͽˡ

һԵĴɫסˣڻڶ硣ۿ𣬻Ψһ뵽£ǸϽüǮ
뽫˭û
ˣȴֻ΢ЦȰµ£Ůд㡣زеԿ

ⷴԣʱȥһˣȴԽԼˣ㵹˵˵棬˭ܹͼı
յߣ˵һ֡
лüͷ΢壬ֿԼŮĿƴˮ۲תһ󣬴־û㣬⣬һԡʮǱߣҲõʡͷա
ĻƸ׽̵ŮģȻ˵ȴȻڡ

ߣȻ׾ܷġ
ʮӰڷ롣һʱЩϲһһƬóӳأһһŵĽ𶧡
ãҲټƽϷŵ£ӻֵЩҲˣȥЪŰɡ

֪ԸԼʦʹ֮ʶȤظһתȥ
⣬в˸СǰʮǼ˽ġ
Ǹ˵֣ϵЦʵöࡣӹӣٵлСش򿪡ŵģһС䣬¼ٸ
˿ߡɺ飬ÿһϸ֯ɡ
һĬĬ˺ܾá

ļգ˾ั»ֹ֮¡ȻԵһδ̽ڷ磬»ֲֻᡣ
ۿķˣἰǸûӰӣɶԻĶ֡ҺɲݣҲûжѵʱ

һ磬ϸϸѡȹ־ΪԼ˸ױŰֳšƽʱܻƼҵũԴʱǰҲͻأ
ĬĬԼе߼ʱ䡣
ǵòɲᷢһ¡

³壬տϴģֲʱʢˡ
ɲģһþ޴Ǹ졢ȲĺڡԴ񳣳ۼڴˣ˼æͬк
ʱĻƼɲǸ󻧣СһǻƼҵĵ軧ʵƼҲƶÿǶڻֵһ˵˶ԡʱ﷨ò
֮УʵޱȡӡķٲãҲƼңֻл˸档
Ǹ֮ϵڣЩƫԶ֮صİնԣͷ°ңɼ

еǣ¶ʻΪʳһܳƻոţŵĹҲǷȮܿԡ
ЩĻȻǾûĵЦġ
ĳԪ꣬СЩ½롢˼ĴţϾĶ
֮򰡡

ʮֳʲôӣдʡȻҲ˹ĵ£Χ£ǴϵĸǲǽĶ֣ȥҲ̡
Ķֵݸ˿ĿȴŽ䡣
ڲԶĽСͯˣ
ȻһǷһ󶴣һʱ棬ˮˮ

û̧ͷ֪ϣʵڵһж֮Ŀ˾ľͫһԽδǧ֮ڡ
һڰŶ֣ȥؿһ۷׷סûעĺӡ
ĳԪֻ꣬˵л쳾֮¡֪ϵĶ֮ĿȻҲǰµȺʱл쳾ǷϱӾˡ

һأҪࡣ
ڴʱɢһ̡ؿһͷĹվڼǰӱŴˣһʱ֮ľľվԭأȴ޽жˡ
̧ͷ֪жۣ֮ȻЧɾʹۿˡۿͷĹѾһסһӵĲӣŭһס֣
䣬˫һգһͳ壬ǹȥ
챣ӣл쳾ܰʱȻҪ

һ򲻸ɳ嶯֮£Դ˾ʮֱġ
ǴʱȴǲѶΪ֮
ǡꡣ
嵽ǰһĹȥֻһӡޣ˵ҪЦ
Ȼһǹëûһ

֮С
һӵǷӦҪܿԱߵĴˣҲǸʧ롣ǹһ˷֣ʱԴ󷢡
һץסָצʱ̽Ƥ˻һ乳ָײ˺һƤ⣬Ҳ˺ѡ
һơǵʵڲֶ㶼㣬ֱһҧʺ
һ̣ᵽĶ

һ̣ƵͻȻ¡һ졣Զ羪׹̧ͷֻ֮Уһƣ½紵ĺڷƴƶȾ˳
֮ʱɢ˿̤࣬һֹټ֮С
лллһ̣־紵ɢո

л쳾⻯һն͵ؽӳȥһ֮ԶӴڡ֮ʱװվȣǰһġ
л쳾Ľ׷֣նϡл쳾֣סˡ
һǳɫȹ뻳ġջգЩ΢΢Ĵϱץˣȹƿ¶һƬѪȾһ硣

л쳾ƿĿ⣬°ɫ멣ϡ
ǺһӢ˭˶кãһμѻ
̧ͷǡôάס¡վֱ壬΢΢һ˵лȡ
л쳾ͻȻһ˵Ĺ졣
ˣϢݣΣľ
˭




37.  ϧ   л쳾ŭ

ʮ£ϧ
л쳾ɿ, ǧٴε˼Ȼû˵İϢ
޷ԼŮʱе𶯡
Ȼ񡪡̺һ, ΢С飬Ҳܲżͷ˴, ʹ飬СŮݺٱҡҡס, ߵȻǲߵġ˫Ŀһգ浹䡪װ衣л쳾Ȼˤڵء
ַסһʣλںδ

⻰һ, һڴ, ޲ܽʮ˴ǳ֪
л쳾Ҳ˻סᱧ, Ƽȥ
ᱧ, һ·ϻػƼҡ
л쳾ԣߡڻ, ȴ·ǳңԶ¶̨, , л쳾żҲСԺһ·ߵԷ
Ƕξ, ٲľ, ȴеǡ

۾еĸ֪ȫ
˵ᵽ㡣ϣܸоƵĺ롣
һ˲䣬·ʱ䲻ǳ¶̨ѵÿЭ
л쳾, һֻ˰꣬ʱʱϲʱʱԹȴδ顣
쳾ּء

дǰͷšʱûףʣʲô
Ĵʮ﷽Ϊ˾ˣִ򶷣ˡлš
лĸлѾｫʮ˴лĶһ顣ûʲôԼŮŻʱЩ֪֡ͽԼŮǽ˵ٲò񽫴ۿۡļɲָͣųַ͢ɲأ
Ĳã첽šڴʱ˽̧ͷȥ˶ס
л쳾޹ɢһȣ粻֮¡Żʣڣ

ɫ飬λߵĿʺ͸ӡ
ܵǰ˲Ͱһءæ˵Сϼǡ
л쳾ͷº͵л쳾̡
֣׹û߻ءð˵ŶŶȻ͵һ飬Ӧлл

һʱ֮䣬һ仰Ҳ֪ô˵ϴ֣ðżһ䣺ɼصɲ򣿡
л쳾üʣλʲôˣѿǰӶ߲ġ
æҵĵʮŮѽôˣ˵𣿡ȻӦǸл쳾ĺʱæлطȥ򡣡

ءл쳾ָŻһ·СԺĬĬظ̫֡ϤˣһǰԵĸо
ڻʱҲֻм¶·֮䣬йԱĲ
⡭ôأ֮ˣΪħƽߴŮ̷

л쳾Ĺ뷿Ĺ뷿ɴϹС͸ЩŮҵɰл쳾ŵ֮ϣִӴ﷨ȡһҩι
һԵĻ˻һԵüΪۡл쳾ƵĵҩǺεȹ֮
ǵҩڼʡܿ;ҩڻ˿һл쳾齱ߣһֱ˵ȻˣڻƼ÷ҲҵԾ⣬ɺã

л쳾ΪˣȻһСƤ˷ʱҲûʲôϣȻл쳾˵Ǿ߶Żˡ
ֱԼĶ䡪ð̰Ȼдڵ
æ˵ҲңС԰ţ棬ӭһ׵Ŀ⣬ææ˰ϯ

л쳾ڴߣȻ֪ԼҲˡ۾Ҫл쳾˵ѽ⣬ֻ˿ڼɡ
ۣζ֣౨
л쳾һʣΪޣΪĽǽ֮

ָָĵ伮ԭǷţѾһۿϰڷ֮ЩȻֻ޲õš
ȻǡΪѽ
΢ЦȴԥƬ̺˴л쳾һֻ֣Ľɷɣһ˼䡢֮ģϰлЦˡ
л쳾һָָһʣΪΣ
˳ָȥֻӡЦ˵ޱ֮ʱ֮ʱΪ񡣡


л쳾һֻӣʱ֣ȻѾⶫĹЧȻʧЦ
ִ٣˵˵ķӣϲ̨档
һѧ֮ģܺáл쳾⣬Ȼ⡣İ꣬һֱϲϽ֮ĵˡԻѧĵǸա

˺ѧΪֻøҪʡ
ȻǾûΪǳˡ֪ƼޣΪҲֻżϾԴΪ
л쳾ͷΪ֪ЩײСĴڵ˵ȹ̣÷ʮѵˡ

ǵȻΪлƶ˶ٹ
Ѫл쳾ô֪أ
һֻèˡûʦָ㣬
л쳾ԴȻ⣬֮;գձȷʵΣء
ͷԵЩʧ䣬΢Ҫݵʦ̸ף

л쳾ͷٶɨӻķ䣬ǽϡϣܶط¼ĵáʵܶأȷʵ
ǵȻġ֪ջܲ׼䲻䣬ôȴҲһˡûԹ⣬ܼܡ
л쳾ôŮӣѾš֪Ϊʲôѹס뷨

̤Ĺ뷿ֻøȥ
л쳾ԺУеӣʣ֣
΢ҡ־ڴˡ
л쳾仰ġȴϡ
ɲһֶ֮ۡȻⲻǸС򣬵Ϊв鿴ƹƼҵ⣬ȴûⲻǺ

˵˵ƼλŮӣףֻ֮ʮ
ᰡһ˵ǡŮд£ҵŮ
л쳾ͷ˵˵ŮūΪˣȴ书ɼԴ࣬ʮѵá
ѵ𣿺쳾ѵõ»ں档ǰԾɹׯ⡭ޡ

л쳾ݵĽ̸ԻкøС
Ůݵλ̸壬Ҳҿ뷿֪ѧ̿ࡣǸӡ
ײСѣڣȻ⡣
л쳾֪Լԥʲôûпڡ
۵Ļø׽

ڴʱ½елߣݵлѾãϯ
л쳾ͷ漴ԸΪ·ֻϯⲻšҸ¡
ϻл쳾ֻۣƣȻҪ¡л쳾Ҳ֣ɡ
ӯӯһݣȻڸ¡
͵һ۶ˣͬһ̡ϴμлֹʼʩˡ

л쳾Ȼ֪˼£Ⱥ
ңһףѩྻòȾ
ٿڶۣ˵ʮҪЩʱ򣬴Ϊ㱭յա
Ǵ£л쳾˵Ůʱ࿴һۡæū澼֮

л쳾ʧЦЦʱҲǧѩ䡢˼仨˽ͬηֹ˵Ԫ꣬ף񡣴¹﹦
ֻ֪󣬲˺ƿסʱлˣҵ
л쳾˵˰ѪΪ츳׿
ĸҵһ䡰츳׿л쳾
ڵһɣȻ׿ڳԼͷԶЩκƮƮȻĸо̫ãûн࣬˵ū澲

л쳾Ϊı֮У
١л쳾ĻԼкøУΪԼū
ԽԽĶϳ˳ֻ͢¾ֻǰˡҪһУʵֻҪл쳾򵥵һ仰
뵽Ȼ˵ֻһū澣й£ҲǼĹ£ǲҾӹġ
л쳾˼Ʊйﶨи

δŵ仰ƺְĿܡ
¶ʱĻϲ
ڴʱѾȹ÷ţƮƮһݣлúۡݰ֮ٹ黹֣һл쳾ϹܻиѰĽڡ
¡л쳾ֱ󣬵·
һδ̫ǡһڣס
ɻȴδӯӯǳЦ롣

Ȼ˳ڰԵԣʲôһɵķˡʲôʦĲšʲôĹⶼ¶̨һأȽĶ
ʱл쳾Щ¸߻貵Ļ£ֻʣ˶ѡ

ǰл쳾档
һһϮǳɫȹǽµһϵ´ƮƮҡҡһ־ܴ
л쳾ĬƿĿ⡣

һ·
͸ˣһͬǰ˫۷Ź⡣æл쳾õûһ㡣İţ˶ˡ
л쳾ȻҲûܾ
þ桪εʱ׽ӽˡ

ϣ̸ƼҵĹ
л쳾һɨϯ䣬ڣǻĶŮһЩ֧ݡԵúҡ
л쳾ѾѸٶжϡŮڶ࣬ѪңɼϲŮɫˣһʱԼݣɼϯ̸ɼ鸡ʵ

Ůϯ׽̬֮
壬ز

ԱߣΪл쳾һյƣл쳾һлƼˣæյǰΪơ
л쳾üͷ΢壬ݣѾ̬Ȼ֪Щ֮롣
лҲƢˡ̵лĳϲ֣뼸λ˿
Ǻ顣ϹҲסڳȳ⡣
л쳾ڣѾ֪ļҽ̺ΪˣȻԸཻͬл£㲻ˡ

лˡò̳ɣû˵ϼ仰Ȼġ
ǻһǸ⣬ָһˣҵȲǡ
л쳾ȻὫ·ϣﲢɡ
˵꣬ٲ뿪

Ǽ澣֪ܣлתͷͽڼŮͷϡ
Ҳᣬ뿪
Ǵ׷⣬ʮֽ£֪λлǲǵá
Ȼ֪ᷢʲô£϶ϣл쳾øɸɾ

ƫƫл쳾ϧš
ڶ죬˵¡ǰĵӴصϢȴʮ˲⡣
ϼū£ַ棬ûʲô츳
Щסһĵȵȣǳ֡
л쳾ŭ
лϧšͬҲ




38.  ̶   ȱɱԸ

ʮ£̶
л쳾ȷʵΪѳū
䷲ū, ˵˿ɱûκɿԡ
л쳾֪пסǧԶɹĵŮ, Ȼ֮ġҪȴŮȻһֱ檡

, Ϊһ, ȻвԸĸҷ
̽ӴصϢȴϡл쳾Ҳ졣
ӽµƽ˸ɾ, ĸױ, ӳʼ, ڻƼΪūɵԺΪ澡
ԳԪ, ´ŮһԾΪҡ

, ˾һϧɲΪƸ, Ҫ檡
Եһ, ǳ, ȻѳūһⱾҪū, ˴µ⡣
³檣޷ˡ

¸֣ʵʦٴ빬ϡ֣¾Ȼ硣˾ת
һɴΪ֮£Ҳʹ˸洵
Ǵ͸Ź졣

л쳾лɣȻز鶴֮ĿɲĶ֮ĿѾ, Ϊħҡ
ȻɣҪϸ
Ķ֮ĿСĵ֮¡Ұл쳾鿴ãһǶȣԿƼҵһũɲһũǻƼ֡

Ԫǰ⴦ũʱ򣬶ǻԴ
һ꣬Ǵ֮ꡣ
һũİѪŮܹһľ֮

л쳾˼⣬һȴĿ⡣
ũ֮ĻҲ̬ׯġվ䣬軧֡硣Ӳʢˣ˭˵Ц⡣
ӽӴǴӲ񣬾ֹжȡ̸´ݣòˡ
л쳾ĿӰ֮΢΢ǻ뼸軧̸ָ֡л쳾ջҵ˼˼¡

Ҫ̽ʵס
ʦ㲻һ
л쳾ٶɲɲ䶯л쳾رɲİն۵ĵ֮¡
һ£вӣ
һʱ֮䣬Χˡ

л쳾ºڷֶսԺԾΪóһطվȺͬ˪ѩ
Сϵİ½룬Ƽ˵ȻҲˡ
Ȼؼǰվл쳾λã·Ϊλʶл쳾ɨȺĿڻһ
֣ǧգƫƫһ۾Ϳ

оĿ⣬΢΢Ƿׯ
л쳾Ҳ΢΢ףλǰ˵λ¹Ⱥס֣֮衣ڶʵʮָ塣
նʱСۣ¸ͷλлȻǵԼһ뵽ԼӴ˿ѳūţü١

ɫûôÿˡ
ºôҲһҡǮ˵һܵõɲǸڣǿӴˮˡ
ŲںūҪˣʲôô
üͷ塣

ʱл쳾Ӵ﷨ȡһݣһתһɲݣСҶ¹˲ݣǿҩЧܴϣسꡣ
һãȻ
л쳾ʾ⣬վȺ֮У֪롣߻ѣ¹лţȥɣ
һһߵл쳾ǰе蹦Ҷȥӡ

л쳾º͵¹롣
²Žӹǻݣл쳾Ļָһػ¹ȫ֣ͬҲôֵ֪ļ벻ס
Χմкãȴ֪ڼǧ˫۾֮£ȫ˼١
һ⣬֪лڵ⡣

л쳾ɷһ˵
Ȼ
л쳾뿪Ⱥл쳾ʣлĳһ²⣬밢󡣡
΢΢Ƿ뽲
л쳾ʣƼңǴ£ǰɣ

ȴ΢΢һͣγʣ
л쳾˵ЩﾭŻϵ⣬˲Ѫڲ֤Ԫ֮ǰвųԻƼң㶼ŻͷвŻȴԪ꣬׾ٱףչȴ澴ð졣
ٲһ˵һĻ飬ΪˣΪλᱻʹð칦ͣ

ǵȻΪ㰡
ﳰȴ¶˼ˡ˵꣬ת뿪
л쳾ˣﲻɳӣ˵һΨһµһšžǻˡȱɱԸᡣ
֮£ǲʹ˰ݵġ

Ȼл쳾Ҫ˿벻ɡ
ҹŴ£²뿴֡˵ѾæŸ飬׼һʱ˵֪
һӦṩǹ£֮¡
Ҷ̸£½Ϊɲ

л쳾ߣȴᵽɲݵζ
ζϴҲᵽʱ̶ζŨҺܶࡣл쳾ΪɣҲҩݿɱ̫ˡ
Щɲݵҩԣƽǿöࡣ鷨ض񫲻ɡͨԵκá

л쳾ɨһۻ̶Ҳ˵ȴһ뷨ڻ͡
ͣð֮
ʲôѱϣǾ˵ͨˡ
ʲôѱأɲݣȻб֡ǻԶԼף˵ͨġ

οɲݳ֮ȷʵҲǻѳ˻ƼҡҲ˶
һô֪ǲǾͿвóЩֵĹͣ
л쳾ԽԽֻǻΪҪ
ƷԲˣסŮΪδ˳䡣

ǰƼҵũ֪Ҳòˡ
֣ҲӦ÷ųԼɱˡ
쳾㿴⣬Ϊ㣬డ

л쳾䣬Ȼڽ﷢һСأɲݡ
ֻһ̱㿴ı֡һɲݵĻյǼϸϸһᣬҩЧֹ
ŮҲ

⻨Ҫص֮£ͻȻиסȥ·
лл쳾ʩһл쳾üͷ΢壬ϳ⸾ҲʣǺˣ
˵Сջƣ
л쳾Ժ֣ȴȫӡ󡣸΢ЦŽͣǰĽ㣬ͬͬĸ
˵л쳾ſ壬üĿϡơϣᲢۡл쳾ʣԭǻƾл˵

ƾʩһ񣬵ʲô벻Ҫ˺
Ŷл쳾£ʣΪΣ
ƾһݣ˵֪Ƭɲµأʲô𣿡
л쳾ӣ𻰡ƾֻ˵ĸסҺͰĸס

ɲ£ϸɳл쳾ȻȷʵữɳʣϰԼĸ׵źֲݣ
Ȼǡƾһ£ĸǼҸķޡԴң¼޸֮ʱȫ巴ԡĸִжϾϵŸ׻صССɲıû˼Ŀɽ׺ܿԭα¶ʼ檡ˮһƼҡ

Ƕ£簵ҹĺĸ׿޹ֻкԱסԼĸĵλǡҡ׺Ů˳Ц鱩ꡣûԾ˸ҩֻһӡ
л쳾û˵֪
Ȼƾ˵ϲ񣬿ʮ»̥ûƼû˿ҵңһһӡĸҪǿҪɵʱѾʮЩŮˣħһ˯ŶμԼ˸ӡɸȴٲԺӡ

ƾĻͣڴ˴л쳾̲ס׷ʣأ
һ죬ˡһϣȵ޹޹ײĸ׷ҡл쳾һƾ˵ҡĸ׺ӵҩطʱײһĻ
ʲôл쳾󡣻ƾ˵ĸκβֻǨŭҡǼˣǹ׵潸ץסҵͷһͷƤ
ЦЦָָͷϣһûͷİ̡Զͷˡ

ƾޱϲ˵Ժ󣬸ÿĸԺ㶼ģƼ֪£Щþж񶾵ĻҵĸסҲǽáĸÿζЩ裬ǽá
л쳾û˵ƾ˵ʱС˴ҲġɵɵӲšһ죬ĸ˵Ҫҵֵһ¡ֱۣ̺ǣͻȻ񶾵ĻŭĸסȻңӳԺӡ

ƾЦָָƬأ˵Ǿӵһȥȵҹˣھȥ
л쳾ʣĸסδô
ƾ̧ͷգòˡǻȥʱ򣬷ˡǰѵڳԼġҸԱߣɢΪɳô꣬ˡ
ûй׼Ϊᡣɵɳɲݡƾûпޣʼûһᡣ

л쳾ʣ㻹𣿡֪һŮǴζʲô
ƾעƬɲݣڻشһ˵ʻЦ˵ͦõġƹܼҵ֮󣬾ͽҼ˳ȥҼ޵ԶԶԶԶû˵ҵ¡ҵķÿһ궼Ҫ֣ʱҲԻһۡ
л쳾Ĭ

ʼûг̸֡л쳾ࡣ
ҲĳԪ꣬л쳾Ե¡˿̣ҿ̣Ѫܵ
ΪʲôҪԼף
ЦȻΪȨһ̶Ժ¼
ҪҪЩӵġ




39.  ڴ   Լڴʲô

ʮ£ڴ
պ, ɲ
Ŭû깦ҶΧ۵İգǱǿʲôҲ, Ҳ֣֪𣿡
ӣȻ˵ĻΧߴ󻩡

һۿȺеĻ, Ҫץס½󡣿ɻܿˡ, ˵ֻǴ˸ףҲǴѾͷץסġ
ץ˸գ޵Ϊʲô¶ʮҲ㾡ľʮΪʲôҪң
µ, ޼˻, ȻҲҪڽ¶Ǹʲôˣһ㺰Ϊһù㡭

, ͱл쳾ϡл쳾Ҫ죬гǧķӡ
, ȴһֶ˵ֻᣬΧ˶ָָ㡣
λл쳾, Юĵν, ֻһƭ֡Щһֱ͵ȡһۻ, Ƽʮֳɹ, Դ˾ӹƼʮ, Ϊһֱ̲𴩡
˽¶࣬վ

Ҫֱ磬Ҫֲɲݱֶ֮¹֮ڡлζԸԼáôڻ, ֪̫ܡ
Щ£һ˵Ҳɲںһ
˵˻ƴҪ˻
վȺУעл쳾л쳾оĿ⣬֪ΪΣ΢΢¶
һصڴԼڴʲô
ϾЮͼˡһ£ֻΪ˳ͶơȻĿɨȺȴ΢Ц

л쳾Щ£ܵ
֮ǱȻģ¶ɲݱ֮¡˵Ů£ūѲʮҪδã
˻ֻҪ˽ñǡǻҲᷴԡ͸֪Ի飬Լ޻·ʱۣ֨֨ȴ˵һ仰

վȺ֮УΧ˵ĿҲԼͬ
ԻԣȻ˺󻼣млѾͷвǣҺܶˡôһҲж֡룬ͽȥׯׯ԰
סȻǻһ硣Ǹˮˡ

л쳾Ҳô˾ٲףʣΪǲׯ
˵ĸׯһĸߣĸڣҲùЩܿܿΪˣҲ˭ҪĶǡҶġȻж⣬ҲֻȰˡϾҷβ̶ޣֻʵɽˡ
Ȼһл쳾ʮֶݡƬ̣ʮƣ˸塣

ƣ
ǫѷзЦл쳾ϲŮӵģ˼ơ²еŮӣʵ覣Ⱦ˳
ô㽫ŮѺׯΪĸ顣ƹл쳾ʣɺã
ʻȻֻȴһ϶Ļش

صĳҷ粻ϣ˶͡лλ׼ЦˡŻ˼ȻҪµġ
澺ǰˡ
ͥڵģĸҶ˵
һۻء澣⼸ڵȷʵ졣˵ԼŮĹͣǾãûӡ

ֻǲ£ֲǴ⼸Ƽҳǻ˵㡣Щֵܽã˭ǰ˵죿οǸѾ
һۻȻҲͬһ£˵½Ҷ𣬻ĪҪ
л쳾ǰ΢΢ˡ

˳ǹлл쳾һָġǰ㽿߶壬ѵˮ
л쳾ˮ΢΢һɫָ⣬г˹ֵζˣ˳̬̫Ϥˡ
ָỬû·ԺȥׯҲùһŮӣ΢ᣬܷСŮǰׯԣҲһ·
Դ֮У־䣬Ϊ˴¿ǡԱ߻æͱٴͶлʶ

æͷŮ֪ˡ
Ȼл쳾ȴ㲻ϸ緢漴תͷ£߰ɡ
һͷˮԣл쳾ôܹ˼΢ĩС£ƫƫһӦʣֿȻ֮䣬һ뷨ðͷѣ
ǰЩӣ˵ԼĴԶ־
ѵѾͷⱾ£

ԴӳԪ꣬ô棬һֱл쳾ҴࡣѾͷһֱϷ
һٿʱС棬һ·Ѻ͡
л쳾ûоܾпϲ֪л쳾㡣
ԼŮͬףԼֱ
ήĸԵǻԴ˲١ԷԸѺµĳ棬ֻԶԶѺţ׼Żл˵

ǻл쳾ɲȥׯ
л쳾Ľų̣ׯǽǰеֶΣСѺµĳȻԶ˿Ӱ˵ľ롣
벽ʾ𾴡л쳾ǰɫȴ˼ңһʱ֮䣬Ȼ޻

Գ棬ΪֹʮָмͣǼԥ˵һʢ顣
ʲôл쳾ʡ
˵֮ǣȻѾΪδΪŮȴвҡ

л쳾ᶯһ£վסΣͷٿŮӡ
ֻһǳůյҲЩʣΪΣ
أһݣҡΪ
ҡҡ׹л쳾ȻʡԸᣬҲˡ

ͷ֮ҪЮңΪһɲı֡Щ길֮ԻƼ£Ϊʳֲɲݡ
ϣл쳾Ϊ֪飬Ĺ˵Ϊأ
⻰ʵƽĻشҲ޷ǽʱظһΡ

˵ӣŭĸףĸҹڻԹԼҲǨŭסҡҪһͬȥĸף˿˱ֵɲݡ²֡ϾҸס
ʹޣȴ˿
л쳾նħ꣬ʵĳʮӲȴջ󣬽Ȱ㣬𡣡

ȻңЦɱΪ
ƼȻֻɲһСŻû˼ƾһŮҪ£ǿ̫ˡʱҪѹֵܽãҪĹڦżһ˽֮߱¸浽ţ˵ҪΪ
ôҲҪҪĸһʸΡʬҰ
ˡƽϢԼŭ

л쳾Ϊϲ֮л쳾ϣԼӳԹ澳Թޡ澳ʱ¶һڼĶ
񣬻־䶼ںޡ
һζֻԼʹȴʴȡл쳾˵ֻǴû֪²㡣
ͷõϾҸףҵ巢ڡ壬ǲТ֮ҪҪɱҲˡ
л쳾ſ󣬵ʹΪԼ𣿡

ĿʹŮңɼʲôأ
л쳾һʱĶѿʣû뿪Ƽңǰ𴦣
˵һѻǰŮ
ĻԼܾ
һʱ֮䣬ҡڲûд𰸡

̧ͷĿĿԴᣬ滨л쳾ͻȻٵһش𡣻Ҳɡ
עǰˣȴЩ̫꣬Ůӡʵ֪ԼŮ
ĶƫƫգȴһҪΪ

ĿԣĻѾ뵽ˡ
޷ϣ뿪ƼңӴΪūΪ澣档
ŮӣҲ̫ˡֻлŮɫһֱʮָɾ
Ȼٶȹ˵СŮ֮Իرһ˲䣬л쳾Ȼһ˿ϲá⼸Ȼľʡ

ŵСŮӺϣлΪʦϰӴԺģһ䲻ƽ
л쳾类һģþԡԣˡɡΪβãд־֮£кβã
һ˵߬סл쳾һ૵Ϊʦϰ
̧ͷֵǡȫ
̫ˡҲ˵ﲻԡ
Լڴʲô




40.  ʦ   Ϊӣ

ʮ£ʦ
ѺŴ, ԶĶԻ
л쳾ƣ˿޳ŬеһλȵзΣ֮־, ܺáȻˡԸ
ЩЦݣæݵ, ͽμʦ𣡡
л쳾ۼݵ˵Ĺֵ֮Сֹ֪ŹִӺζ, ȴֲ̣ʡ

Խȥׯĸ׵Źȷʵ
л쳾ѶĴȻ, Ů䷸, , ڴΪĸ飬˼ȲӦ, ҲŰꡣ
仰ס˴µ

һһ, ĸ׷ǰ
˻Ѿͷ, ĸ׵ķҲɹ, ûôл쳾Ļ, שķĹ֮ǰ
, Ҫ˵ֻ˵ʲôΪʲôҪôԲԣ

Ȼ֪ͷл쳾ȻҲûҪʲô˵ҲûʲôֻǴǰһ˲һţѡ
˵꣬תҪߡ, ס½ǡ

ʵͱɵ̺ˡ꣬ЩĻʱҹߣһ˵Ļ峿ճʱͬУһɹۺͻ
ٵͷɳ˻Уֵһۻ
Լȹǡһ֣ʹԵ

úô£л쳾ŻػƼҡ
мֱ֣֪˵л쳾ǿѹзңƹ֮ŮԴϻۡڷܿ̿ࡣᡭʶʣԸΪµӡƹ׼
ֱ֪Լ˵ⷬҲһ١Ϊӣ
Ȣ

ʵ⣬һѾͷƬӣ˵˵ȥô¶
һҲʲôţл쳾ҪʲôûŶϣֵͰ͵ģ
л쳾ѳڣҲûκΡ˵ˣͽܰл쳾£ǻƼҿҲܸմⲻ١ȵճ֮գҸʵżңûĸ
ܿһʧߵݵСŮʵСһ֮СȻвӦ

л쳾һҹζ࣬תԻȻˣʰװǰšڵǰһԳơΪʦ
ɲ֪Ϊʲôڻǰȴ˵ڡ
ȴޱȹ˳ٴΰݵǣʦ𣡡

ҴһصСԺܿʰװ
л쳾վȺ򣬼֮һɲֻһС̴ľӣּϵսɰл쳾Ϊ˽ϸ⡣ӱʮΥͣʧЦʲ
ЦľУ룬ȫɺЦЩ˹ҪߵġֻӣලܰݵʦҪ˵Ҳǵյͬˡ

Ȼ£Ͼʲôֵ֮л쳾㵹顣ּһʰ׵ģʣˣ
ıڣһУǸ͡ҡЩвТҪԶţһӦʹ°ɡ

ŮƷԵ߽ࡣл쳾ͷǱ
߳СԺ֣ذݱһ뵽˺Ƽҵĵλֵúϲ£졣ԺڣҪТ˳ѰͬšҲĪ˳ɲ򿴿
л쳾ԹۣӦ𣬲ް㲻ͷ̤ţֵʦܷҡݱĸ

ϸġл쳾á
һ·ũɲݵǸͣ˫ϥأݡл쳾վߣô˾ޱϤ
ûлͷĳԪ꣬Ҳл쳾ǰ˴ݼĸ
ϧʱл쳾ֻΪ̬ûġ

ߵ漴ٶȿƬũ
ΪĸԾŭΪؽɳ㱻վעССһء
ĳԪ꣬뿪ɲ򡣴ӴҲûл
ŮˣҲ֪᲻һֻʱ
ߵʱϰݣк

ʱϾʹԲ⡣
»ͱ˶ζʥ׵˽ȥһգڼˡԴҲҪˣŵø»١ϲλˡҪñĴ
ʥû취ֻڡ

ʥߣһ·Եµδֹ̽λӻŮֻǰЩʱ̫ˣҲȣŵǺЩˣҪ͵ʲôҹҲˡ
ղһܻ˵˼ޣֻǸһ·סŨصҩζһֵüͷȻͿĵһ

һۣͷը
Сһͽ׶żϹһۣ¶ƤڡΪͣ˿ȥˡ
ȥҲ̲סڲǡǡ
ʥ˵˾䣺ʮȶú˵һัȲһŮӳȡ

ʲôŮӣеĽǶ˷ŭ鵶ָʥףҪ룬㵽׶ʲô
䡣һɳƣΪǻҲ̫ףԴЩ
æſʥףһǰҪִ֪Ӻ֡һСͱΪ˾»һ·ۿиΪ׺
ģβʹ

һﵹǿο֮ˣȻࡣ
ͻȻʶȻڰοԼ̽ӣԼȴǱοһæƢڴҪЩʲô¹ȥ׼
һҡҡͷãͻȻʣ桭Σ

æ˾һжáֻǴܵǼ»ЩĴߣЬ׶ĥˡ
һһЩʣȴʼûгڡʥʣ֪ϴιǸֵĹôˣ
Ȼæ˵¹ɾͲˡ¹Ҳ£Ҫʾ

ʥһ˾Ǹľ
һȴ˾䣺£ʲô£ϾǸ˵Ѿ£Ǹǲǡæʣ˫߹˲
˵˫߹£лʮ˳½ʮ磬ŮŻǲǰ죬л쳾ɲͻȻ¶¹ռΪСұĴм٣»˵л쳾ݣ˵ĻԲ顣

л쳾һ֡Ȼ֪л쳾ŷͷʣǡʮأ
ڻʳһ䡣΢˵ʮܺۡ˽֪֮ˣ˴빦룬л쳾ʮ͡ö˶ͬס

л쳾һĿⴹأ˵
һԣʥûôġ˵Ҫ˵ˣ͸Ͻ߰ɣ
ŭһ뵽ԼҼ޲ǰСӡʥȴȵһóʻʣǸʮӦ˭ˣ
Īûа

һһʥʣл쳾Ϊʲôͷ
һɣ϶Щʲѵʮﲻɣ
ʥ׶شϷ򣡡
ֻ˵»˵л쳾һ򼵶Ҳǿߴ
ʥһʣ֮й֮£

ʲôй֮¡˼δŮδ޵ġΪϲ𡢾Ȼ۲ݵ˼Ϊģš϶ǲҪúáʮԶл쳾ͷôҲֲ󡡣㻹ǶĹǼɣҪ£Ҫ
ʥǷ˵ҼҪ£һ㣡
Ϲ˵ʲôҪεһ˵䣡ˣȥɡ

㬣ʱͻȻ˵ˣ»˵˾๫ĶѻĶࡣתǱÿմЩҲǲʱա
ʥǺܲ޳ɵһĵģͬˡ֮˸ԳܡҲˣѾȡϣЩӻŮܹееͷʵãǣҪš

ӣ»ʼЩĹ
»Ǳܱ֮ȵġÿζἰɲ¡˵ɲ򣬵ȻҪʮȫĿǣʮͬ밮
ǸġһöˣؽЩˮ
ʥ׼״˾ҲǴҲٽֹǰ̽




41.     ˴¡

ʮһ£
, ɽΡ롣
л쳾ٴɽ֮¡̧ͷⷽɺʥءһ˲, ܸоԪ꣬Լĵ뻶ϲ
ǰ, Ȼл쳾ǰ´Ҵңͬе, ȻĿȫǡ

л쳾һ·߹լ̳ߣӭ;ͺ԰, ûɽǶǵɽ, ǰ, Ȼص
ʱڣûɽ
, ԺҲˡ
Ĳ䣬αؼǹҡ

, Ȱݼ档ǰ׷塣л쳾ûлͷ֪Ϊʲô, Īسһ·С, ߹
氡΢, ܼ˼, ½Ỷϲ˯š
л쳾Ȼ⻰ĺ壬˵ǰǫ񣬲ɷ
ӽʦȻвӵġл쳾׷ȥ½һߣ鶼ȸԾ

׷塣
лӵ౨, л쳾ڡ
Ȼл쳾ʦڵǰʮע档վ޸ǰȺ
Ű񳤽ףһ·ԶԶ㿴׾ͷ
棬þòĹ⣬ɷ

л赱ǵȺл쳾Ȼһ۾Ϳл쳾ĻյԴǳɫȹȹȴʮֶׯǸº͵ģ
ǲ֪ΪʲôлڿŮӵһɲǣֻñâ
ͫ΢һĪĲĵ΢١

л쳾ʩ񣬵ʦǵɲյͽջƣ
˵˫ϥأл走ݵӻݼ档˵꣬һͷߵڵϣоֹϡ
лһĵİĲûûֻǶл쳾
л쳾ͷ˻һۣ֪ԼʦлҪ˵ֻ

޸Улڰǰ¡
л쳾ȻҲкǰ衣л赵ҹ۴Ůֻ̬³ԲÿࡣʣֻпɡصشɲԽ̵
л쳾յָԼҲһյŮԴҲ̿ࡣָġ

лвϲȰ֮УϾҲеӾӶࡣݣֻ»ġŵһڣֳʲôԴ׵ĳ¡
л쳾£ҲպҲϼӹֳʲô¡
̬ȼлȻҲٷԡ˵ֻһŮӣΪ΢ĩС¶ͬԼִáڴ˴ϷҪϸϸϡ

л쳾ӦһǡлֱӸˣæȥɡ
˻л쳾ֻó޸Ծɹڵ£Ҳûл쳾һ֪л赶ҪԣҲ˵ֱ뿪
ڵ֮ǰûа㲻͡
棬Ϊҽеԡ

лһֱڵ⡣
Ҳ峤˱ͦʮ档ۼɫڣΧյ˵ơһַķ֦£ƽʱͷϡ
һҹǾͻᷢ͵Ĺ⡣
ڿ̫˽ˡ

û˴Ϊ֮⣬Ҳܡ
һ뵽л赾֮ң˶ݹ򣬺գ
Χ𽥰ѲҹĵӼξûͬ˵лҪԼһҹˡ⣬Ŀķ

ճյڷμл쳾ͽʽ
ţ״ȻҲǼ¡л쳾һӣлҡţΪ
ʽиԹ֤ɡʶҲǿǰýԶЩţԽǰ

˾࣬»˼ˣֻͽ
һĪǡҵġ
»Ŷһˡ룬ǾԼӦȥһˡʱϧڽаյ˱ҲһͬáֱƺҲǺõġ

޸⣬һһҹ䣬Ҳϥʹ
ʱ߳һӣ㷵ص壬˺·ģС£ġ
ѵʾνͷѵ
ô˵ȴЦ棬
ûУô

һȥɡӵ
л棬Ǵ֪յĵӣֲһ¡΢΢һЦлʦ֡
òǣûаְʦֱСǾѵˣ⡣ȥʦ֣Իᰲ㡣ɣ磬׷廤֮պв֮Ҳҡ

лɣʦ֡Цٶӯӯһݡ
ⷬȻ˲ȡߵüһʹСǿ֮С
ɣĿ뿪ͷȻкøС

һ·׷壬ѾȺʱˡ
æӭ˵ǻСʦ𣿡
ʩһ֪ʣǡʦ֣
Ϊ֣ʣε֪
ҵȻ֪ϾǽһʦҪ˵һΪʦΪһΪʦҲΪʦⱲݿɽ

Цݲɣʦ
Ҫڻ죬ʵ̫ˡĳԪ꣬л쳾ȢţȴδκˡСһһŰݷãǽŵ˶ȫˡ
Щ˵ʮֿͣЩСʳʱɽೡŰٲݷĵڻһ

Сһûͬƽϡ
Ȼʦôϻۡʦͽǰ֤ʦҹȥɡ
һԼȹʣҹһҹг»Щʧ񡣡
ԷһûаֲҲøУʦţƷ̡ȡһСˢһķ˳֮ʦ⣬ɡ

ϲؽӹǷһСڻƼҲǿɼġ
׺бڣ÷ȥ꣬Ǳ䣬޴ûҡÿʵ̫ƶˡ
ϲɫСʦҲԵ֮ˣɵСʦøոţ͵ʦָļɡ

ȻǵСð
ĳԪ꣬һμΪ˸㣬һ׹šʦﲻõ
ϲǾͶлʦ
΢΢Цһ·ǰͺ԰˻ûȥһˣ˻Ҳϵáл쳾Ķл

ȻлӭǴһۻ漴ЦǶ˵Сʦûòʱţʱˣ֪ʦ۹Ȼס
˵ԣȴҪȵö࣬ңɳ״
лһҾСʦˡʦˡ
Ӳ֪ԭл˵Ƥġǰڻǰܾнװúܹԡɿ죬°ͣлңΪֳ٬ðͬţˮʮʡ

лҴһл쳾Ŀǣ˵ʱ̬Ҳֺ
ʧЦСʦĪҪƤڰɡ

ͺ԰ȥʱѾǱáһۿĲǱˣǽƾ
ؿãȷŲǻþҲڣƾŷԶǰһϲơ
ʱûͬ˵һ仰
²ÿһ䣬ҿĶõ˰ֺ̡αضأ
Եʱƾȹϲ֮뿪ˡ˺꣬δʱգȻּ
ЩԶ¡ϲŭԡƾЦͬôҴҵعˡ
㡣

ʱϯ䶸Ȼ
л赺л쳾ֻǰл쳾ߡл쳾ȭһС£Ͷλѣʵв
ڱȻһסȵл쳾ʦлܳͷ
лܳŵλɼңϲϧ֮ģǽл쳾µжͽʱһٶʮ꣬ȥ

л쳾ЩĴҵ֮ʦ緶
л쳾ɨһߵĻ˫ִңߡ֮Ул쳾ƺѾꡣ
ֱлܹܳл쳾ֿʼ¼ɲŮ֡Ԫ꣬ףˮ𡭡

죬ͷ
ʵ˴Ͼͼ׻Ǹ̰޳֮ͽϽύ
ʱգִΪͬ
л쳾£ӴԺ״ӡһòׯǰ̲

Ȼ˵ĴĻšʵ˾ǼգĦƤҲ߯ʵˡ
ֱлܹܳл쳾衣ŽӹӷĲյл쳾ǰ˫ϥأյ߾ٹͷʦȲ衣
л쳾ͣãҲκȥ͡һеĹ졣
ˣ

֣ӹеĲյһڡóһ飬ֻòݲݵ֮ʦѰͬš̿
صʦ̻壬ӽǡ
л쳾˼ɢҡԱлܳû˼ֻõɣ
л쳾ŷ֣Լ
˴¡




42.  ˼   Ǳ

ʮ£˼
ʦ, ·΢Ц̸ˡʱ˿̵ɲ֮Ůл쳾ĵӡ
ȻͬһˣȻݵλ, ȴͬն
չͣڴʱԽ

л쳾, վлܳŽڵӵ뺷Ÿֵķ, ɶʦϹΪ֮Ϊ
Ӧһǣлܳл쳾ʦܡǰɩлܳ, ȴֵҪһʦˡ
лܳʦֶкø, Ǹصĺ, պҪ

ʩһ񣬵лʦ̻塣
лܳصݹ档
ſλл赡лϲûаЦ, ǵԼǰûмÿÿŮȴʡ
ǰݼ, һյ辴һ, Цݸˡ
, յ, ԺҶ·

л赽ӹĲ, ֻԴյҲǺȹˡ
ȰڣǰɱҪΪò毺ã㽾УʦҲס㡣
ⷬѵν, Цݶδ֡ڵϣԶأߵݣѵʾӽǡ

֮ͥ£лҲһŵĺ󱲵Ϊѡοл쳾ĵӡֻܵɡ
˵Ҳ֣ŮòҲԼΪμ֮ϲ

ݹл赣ʽš
л쳾վͶλѳǰлĳвⱭƣؾλ
˵˵Ȼ׷һƣձԾλڶʦлԱߡ֮˷׷״
ǻ˱˼ģһƾл쳾ǰ

ϲлϲðͽ溬ЦԻɡ
л쳾һͣƣæҲվΪлĳͽͶһˣʵˡ
һЦʵл쳾ͽȷͽַòִ١ȷʵǧɽɽظһ¹Ҳ⡣
ȻˣȻԭġ

ֿһۻ࣬ʵҵżⰮͽʵǶ˷ţʶ飬塣
л쳾Ȼ֪֮ⷬԻкģ˵ˡ
Цϣʵصظڣһ£ͬл

Ȼл쳾⣬Щ飬̫˽ˡǰλǸ²ġ뽲
Ц˵ҲԵ¼гӣȣȴδ䡣⺢ӣлǼġ˵ͬȣƷҲҿлλʮϲ
˵л쳾ֱϵЦݶҪάֲסϯ䣬һҲüͷ˾ั»

л쳾ݣŭֳܲʧ̬
Żѹв죬ȮӣȻҲһոհ£ѧδɣü̱롣¡
Ȼ£֪¶üһʱл˵ǡļˡȮĽл߶֪Ƿд˸Ե͵ѧ

л쳾õڲֻӦһӭ־֮ǰѧűɡ
ɴϲл
л쳾ĿһɨһĻſӣһԵлı͡ʵˣϵáϾһˡ
ĴϯС磬ܣҪġ
л쳾ֻл˵жʱһơ

òף
ͽɢһˡ
ƾöһЦȴûжٻ˵ǰͷ·ÿ˵һ仰˰̡ԣǴӲ䵱ꡣƾЦŵǰҽӵţʹҴҸ˹ȥҺû¡
ĻӦֻ֣Բ𡣡
֪㲻صǸط֪㲻ἰ¡֪ĻٴѪ
Բ

ƾҪô˵֪ôһ㹻ɡô꣬һֱȽ⡣
вԹҲûйؽ͡ʵ⣬кöûмƾˡƾķģһҷĺ˼ҡ
Ҳ󸻴󣬵ʤƷԶغ񡣶ҸҪǣԶɲȴҪΪҵƾ޹ȥ֮󣬰ĶҲ

ʱֵܽöԻƾ֮ԱǣܻƾӲʼɡ
иڻƾµһʱҪܵ⻧˼ǰ˵졣һԶׯ̬֮ʾ˵ĻԽõһһϣ֮ûٸ˵ˡ
ǵл쳾ĵڶ״Ƿǣкֵܽá
ҲǣµˣţԶHô֪ж飿Ƿɱˣ˻ȴһ

Щ£档
ʣֶӿɻ𣿡
һаáƾᵽ߲ЩЦ˵ǰ˸ŮﻶϲúܡܳԽԽ㣬һֱ㿴ǡ
û˵ȥȴס˭ϣѺӴһط
ЩɸɾС˶մȾһۻ࣬ҲʹѰɣ

ζصôҲò𣿡
ƾʧЦаɫѾòˡ 
صͷ⻹ࡣ
赭дһ䣬ƾ˵Ǵл𣿡
Уûиƾ¡֪ƾԸմȾɲκ£ҲûǰȥںƾֻЯǰڣһϲơ
֮䣬ûκζԻ

һֲ̣ʱ䡣·İǰ뷽跨ֶεӪԵ
ƾվǰ
ʱ鰡ת֮䣬ǰ겻
˵ҲǣҲǡ֮Ժɲ򣬽ֲˡ
ǰˡƾ૵
һ·͵ɽţ˵ҾͲˡ㱣ء
ҲˣԸجξɢ˼ʡء

תҪߡ󣬻ƾ˵
ͣסŲƾ˵Щ£ҪԶ̶
תɽö෴ķ򽥽롣
ҽԶ̶һһȥйҵĳޣɢҵԹͿ־塣£֧ξġΨһ塣

ûлͷ뿴ƾıӰ벻Ƕôݳ޶Ķ
Ҵ̤ɽţһɽ¡
»

»һģȴǱ⡪ϧͬ˵µǣӳƶͬлܳ˵
ϧȻ˾ಶɱһ£һ仰˵һ꣬»º͵ԣҲͷ綷

ڻȥӯӯһݣţั
ϧһʱ¶ǰĺͰáù󡢺󡢺ɡɡη㡢㡢աապ󡭡
ηЦƺһߡ
»ԻѸߵһߣ˹һϧ˵̼ϧĻ˵պǵУǰ⽣ڡĸ͹ȭ߶Ÿʢѧǲӽĵá

ϧһԣ
պҲȥ⽣ѧѾȻϧֵ֡
˵֮£غȻţɲģĪҪķϼա
ϧͷ⡪λŵڶڵס˳Ҫ˵ȴ

λǰԣؽǡùת˼ֲͬһ·̫֮
Сûˡڣʦ¡лͳţĸ壬˼ݶ
ϧơӳˣ֪˺㼱ıƤֻ¶ݡ

ЦȴԹ˳͵ɽǰʵ»˵ϼ仰
»ȻҲż˾ǳ͢裬ŲԸ֮ûΪֻΪ˾ʵ⡣
лںӳҲɽϧȻҲҪȥͬкһߣѸʣˣ

»Ȼһã֪ǹǼ
ҲҪˣ˵пɡֻ˼УҲ߶ܴοǼ˼֮飬Ǿٺòˡ
ʮΪѣѱȫֻһ
ั֡»æ֣һ̵Ķ鵽ϡ»ֻһ̣漴ʹ
»̵ֻĶĿԣëҪǼģֻӣ

ҲܱǸֻˣ߼չһꡣٺ׼任ء
»˰죬һ΢ĴʣǱ¡
˵գʣûʲô»ԴΪת

ɽ£л쳾Ȼͬ»˵ߺϧˣǰัߣҵȾͲԶˡ
ֱ׵֮⣬»Ȼó
л쳾ǷǷת뿪

л쳾Ż˼иϡ
վǸԼġ뷨ʱл쳾Ϊ֮𾪡
ԼĪű˼
ɡŵĵӰ




43.     ֻΪл쳾һǣһ

ʮ£
Ͼʹ, Բײ㡣
ั߽ΪһأȻʱ, ʥ׶еϲɫ
һȻͷ, Ǵһۡۿ˿ȥûô졣

»ǰ, ¹ȥһڡһ⻰ûʲôӦ»Ҳ⡣л쳾ʮΪҵӣ˰ʦ硣
ҵӣһӦ
»æǡʮרѧա֮ʱ, ԼǹҼ, ׷¹ֱɽ, ĽԼеˮ֣ʮм, ʮּǹҡ֮ʱ¹, תһ

, ϧ
ҪЩͺˡ»ϧһ⻰, ȴ̧ͷ
»æӿڴȡһ, ֡
һ΢ԥ, ȴǼȥ»һҧһģŵġ»һƬ൨ģ

һĿģǿһ̡ʮ޵Ķ
屻߶ʴʹѾ˻, ڿ壬ſŵģȻһ̵ġӣ
Ŀ»ʣ֮
Ϊúñ࣡

»˵ȷʵر𣬵ʮô˵ġϲ֣ԶЩӵĸ飬Ҳбڳ˰ɡϹĺ硭򾣬͸ϵܡ
ţԣ

һ⻰ûɡ
ͷֿһĵӣҲԴ
һŵϣϰˣҲ
»һãȻĬϽˡȣϽ˵ʮﻹ˵ˣոհʦ޳꾫׼󣬿Ҫﻻصġغš
һһǳӣǳֻС۾ҲһһĿԣȦ

»˵ⷬԾҲҴ뿪
Ϻָ֡ܲŪһӡ֮
棬ʥҩҩֱֿ̣塣һüͷᡣССͿƷꡣ
ﻹҪҩκȵ£

ʥѾϰЩӻŮǵĲϡЩţﾭࣿȰӲʩÿලǺҩҲǼ¡
һǼΪҩںͲصն
ҩһһȻҩû

ȺȹҩٴɣʲôҪĶʥûպȰôˣҲࡣΪף˭ҧгݣ
һﵱȻȣᡣ
ʥҲܰӲ࣬ϵǰһۿһĹʲô̵ĺۡ
ǩ

һץһͳٶۣȻûֹ
ʥ׽ⶫֻһشʹŷȻӣ
һüʶң
ͦģʥɾ͵ˣ˵Ҫǲҩ¹پͲӣ
޳ܡ˿ĳӣʥǶ֣Ӳǲšôͬһѡ

һۼãƬ̣ڿϵҩ롣ҩ֭ںڣճճа롣
ԥ˰Σ֣룬ǿŶģ
ҩ֭븹嶼һ£ֿʤס
ʥһʹ
˭͵ģ

ӽһӰҶɣҶ¹ٸƬ
һ½Żعϣǩ˵˾䣺Ҷ
ʥӦ˳ȥʱһɿ졣

ʦ㷢ʮ˫߹
ǻϴŻѪ֮˫߹߹ϵʮֽܣÿ߶ǴСػ档ЩӡŮȻ֮ѪҪȻҲҪ
ʥ׻Ϊѡ

ʥ׽˫߹˵Ǽǣһʱһһȥ
˵ףʮΪʲôύ֮˫߹Ҳġ΢С£Ѿ߾ȫȥ
˫߹һʮ꣬ʣʮꡣӻŮȥȥģҲһʮˡ
η䣿ʦû˵ʤֻôĦ⡣ЩóĻӡŮ䣬Ȼʣʮ꣬ܳ
Ѿǵã⣬͢˾ʦ֮һҲʮꡣ

һ￴˫߹״šһ֣ҶƬӶҲʮָȤû±ϣҶƬ˯
ʥԶţڶΪһʵɣҶ
ɣҶϸۣ滹մ¶ˮӶԽշݶĻʳ⣬رһ١
˺ʥ׾ûΪ˺ҩ²ٹġҩͰӲ

ڣ԰л쳾£ʮְؼ
ûлǰзʵϣЩɫʦʦǸҲ
Դ˷鵤֮󣬾Ѿüûгˡ
л쳾ԭʱôȴǷǡȻ涼ûšﶼֹѾͷ͵ɣ

һգл쳾̲סǰȥѰ
Ϊ˱ӣصشлͬС
ʦͽסСݣлҺԾǰߵš
˭ѽﴫлĪһСʦãлҡ
⻰֨ѽһ򿪣̽һë޵СԴлҵʱĿࡪǰĻͷ棬ϴʲôǵݣ

νģһɨȥ˸ˡԲᣬԺԡǡл쳾
žһˤţ洫һϤϤú¿ţһȹׯţױݾԼȴ󷽵塣
лӯӯһݣ𣺡ʦ֡
лҵıǼ˹

漴л쳾ʦͽжЩաһʱ⣬һʱ⣡
л쳾ޱ飬Ҳ롣ֱ߽䣬ܡֻֻһŰŷԱߵķϣһȦ
Ϊл쳾ָָȦǶر顣
˵⡭Ȱѧ֮ʦͲҪ˰ɡ

ƫƫԱ߾иûɫģʣⶫҲȰѧ
ԱߣȦպסĲӡ
ðɣðɡ

л쳾ǰϷֻϣдע⡣
Ȼ£עͬϸ¡
ͷ˵ڷܡ
ȻҪڷܰ˵ӹ֮ˣ԰ʦ£ʵ˲촹Ȼи

⻰Ȼ֮ӣ˵ϣҲô⡣
л쳾ͷ޵룬Ϊʦο䣬ҷƵвٲ飬ʱġв֮ĪҪǿ⣬Ϊʦλʦʦ֣Ϊ󡣡
лʦ̻塣ȻвӦܹɳҷƵٺòˡ

л쳾ٴβ鿴ңҲ㷵ҷƵ
ȻǼ̿๥飬ȻӦʣûаͰ͵жл쳾ʵܸߣҪɣǼ׵¡
ֻ֮ǰ

ͷ¼ķһ̾
⵽дʲô
ԼһòΣٻɡΪʲôҪнɵķ
ĺѰʱ̶ڻԼǱɾԺ֡зκȥ˾һһ棬Ҳȿð

һͷڼϣԴ£˵졣Ȼ˫ҧгݣѡʵܲ˵ʱͽ°Ȧ
л赣л赡
֣ܶ࿴顣

ҷƵҲһãһңд
Ул쳾ͷдһĵáΪǸڵ󣬺ܿͻǰҷƵ뷨֪ӺζȴŲɡ
սҲе½ƫ飬ȴûһ
û

Ҳǡµ˷Щꡣ
ôǰأ
л쳾ҪŪ˿Ȼ˼ܾãȴһ

ڼ顣
л쳾κεɶöʮֻл쳾֣ȴֹ
л쳾裬֪̱һġ
л쳾żƣǧĥõơ
ϸ˼¶̨ĻֻΪл쳾һǣһ

ʣڷԱע⡣
顣˰治Ǹ¶ܶʱ˷ֲʵá




44.     ͸ֽ

ʮ£
һ, յһš
Ϊɲ򣬻˾ࡣǰݵ΢ټ֮, ûжٿĹѡȻŴ򿪣ȴǺϧ
, λʵʮ衣ʲôҪŸ֪

Ŀ£鿴żݡ
ϧͬѼ, ʼڵŵһ룬ἰı⡣ûķ֮¡

˵ȱ֣Ÿһ, ǾȻһƱ
Ʊ޴, ˵Ǻݵʦʵ֮, õǮĵط١һǮƣ֡

ֻĪ, ˹֮˵ԼҲһԱ
ĳ, ʵټ

һΪʢˡǱ˵ʲô, ʲôֻڻƼҵũ, Ѫ⡣
, ̤ҷƵ

ʱֵʱ, ʢĵİǾЩб̽Ӱϸֳ
л쳾鿴ӽյĿҵһ̧ͷﾹȻһϲ

סһ΢˼ʣ£
, ʧʦ֮ȡ

бʩ񣺡ʦ𣬵ӽյϧǰšϣܼ֮࣬֡ʦʾ
˵꣬˫ֵϺϧšȻƱ

л쳾ӹһĿʮУܿһռ֮࣬ԣҲϧŻο
Ӱʦ£ΪԾౡ֮ʦӱȡϾ֡ʦòףؾš

˵õл쳾΢һ˼ʱ䣬֡Ϊأɱĩá
ˣʵôʣ

Ҫ֣Ҫء²ûкʵĵط
ô˵л쳾Ȼûĵ˵ڵӲ࣬ҪŲһũҲ£αԶ

΢ЦҲǡĴߣһطʮֺ⡣ձƤʦ

δл쳾ͬ˵֮ʱǲ̫ܼо˼ӵ⡣
˵¶̨
һڣл쳾ֻĿӿʲô֮

ܾãڻΪԼ¶ʲôš
л쳾á
طӦøһ

áһ·¶̨ƫԶڡûΧǽûзݡ

ǿտյһط䲻˵ҰݴȴҲ˼
δб֣һȥеͤܺãܺá

ļ죬Զ֣ż佫¶ڳطѳũ
ɲӣЩ¼Ϊ޵ĵӣҲ档ΪһȰ

ãҪǸʲôޡǸ
˳طѵأûԶվһˡ

л쳾վʯϣԶԶؿæſĵˡ
ʱȣΧûˡ㽫ȹˡȻҲ쵽ϥǡϸ飬ȴ

л쳾֪ԼΪʲôŲ飬֪̤ⳤĽݡ
¶̨̨κһ壬Ҳͨκһ˭Ǹ̨Ĺ·

վ˺ܾãȴվû߹ȥǸŮӣĵӡһΪʦΪѲԼðȻȥȻǲ׵ġ
ϲ֣óѪеȰαװġ

ΪҪ޽ΪԼ
סԴ֮šת³ס¶̨ʯɽ̣

˼Īͷܾʯ׾ͷ˳ĬͣĿ
ʯ֮ϦУֻɽ硣

һ˶еĸо̫£л쳾ԼֱǶħϡ
ʼܾ˼ˣ뿪ţ

ÿ֮ʱΪкܶкܶطȥ
˭ܸ٣

ڴվ֪ɽˡ
ĳԪ꣬ǳײգл쳾ҲôιһΡû֪ͬһ䣬û¹ڡ
Ҳûʡһϲǣˡʶֻͷ

ڣֵ΢ûм̣ΧûһʶˡΨһʶõķĬɽ̨ÿЩСʳ㣬ȥݻڵͬš

ϲЩҲʶֻ΢Ц˴סÿһˣҲǼסԼ
ڵǶ࣬ŵţӳЩòƣһ˳ƺ˱֡

ܴ֮ƣ¶̨ʼš
֪ǲеġԼʶ˶¼ɲᣬǵݡϲá
ģٳ

л쳾£ڸħа书¸˴
صʱѾܹϳÿһˡ

þȫڲԼɲ֮Ůϲ̨ݡ
ǳǳЦΪ˽ˣķûһֵԹ

л쳾ֳˡ
æÿƵȥ¶̨׵ʱҪǵһ֡

Ҫ˵϶Ҫ֮ʺϿˡ
Ȼ룬ȴѡһƷ֡

ϾʹԲ
»ǰȥһֻġڹȥôƬҶɣҶιֻӡ󣬾ʥÿնвҪȴȻԽԽʡ
ѾһĿֵˡ

»ȥʱʥס
Ŀңֻһ泯ǽڣӰȻף𣬿ȥʮֺˡ»֮ľֻʣôˣ
ʥ׷ҽ˵߶ںϵúܺãұΪһѪ
Ѫ»ͷʹ

ʥ˵ҪıʣȻҪѪ
»ٴοǸˣҲǱŭ겻ʮţֲɣ֮ܵѪҪβҵȡ

ʥ̾һ˵꣬ั֮Ѫ˱Ǳ¶󡣡
»֪Լ˵ʲô󲻾ĻһĿڣµܡ˵Ķ󡭡Ķ󡭡

ʥæั
»ֻò˵դֻſ˫߹ϣǽɣҶҶǳӱҶԵʮֻ졣

»ڵϣ￴ȥĵһͬ׵ÿ¡Ϊȥֻɻվѡվš
һֱûлͷ֪ܲĶԻ

»΢ᣬҪ˵ЩοĻЩʾ䵽ߣȴô԰ס
ʮڣ˵Щʲô

»ͻȻô롣ͷһٶǰڣȥѰɱϾڲ˾࣬л쳾ĵմӡƵƵȥѰ·ʦѵ¼ɡ

䣬»ص˾࣬ͻȻյһż
˾żܶ࣬ǻֱӼĸģν޼

»𿪣ʱ١һŷ⣬ʼдšһ
ǻдţ

»ֱյƽһӼǴֱӼĸˣ˸ҲֻΪѹš
ĸԼȴ̴

»ƣѡ˸û˵Ľ䣬һ͵ŵŷ⡣
̲סԹһաҪʲô黰Ǿ̫ˡ
ڴֲ˽ֻô͵صȴյ

գŸոտ»Ͻ빬š
ԲһȻûת»դ˵ʮһš¹û˽㼱

ڣһһ»ı顣֪һﲢԸ˿Լģֻõ͵¹뿪ˡ

һû˵һֱȵԶڻɨǷš
ʥ׾Բһڴ״Ϸˡ

һų߹ȥӴ󣬸ײʥ׽ŵݵϣ˫ֲ׾Ųŷ⡣

һҳֽдһС֡һʲôӣ
һﶶ˶ŷ⣬Ȼ渽һźɫӡӷʺ񡭡֮֡Ҫöࡣһｫ̯ģעá

ʥ׿Ȼ棬ʣʲôϷϣ
һԣڻǽӵݸʥ׹һЦʣҪ𣿡

ţ
һ΢ʥ׼Ķѽ˼С຦߲żĳôһšһŶղǶʧָҪʪඣ
һףĬãͻȻֽʡ

ʥ״Լҽһҳֵֽ˱īһʱղסǱʣԣڵд飬ֱ΢Щֽҳд֡

ǵϡһ֣бб̳һأ׾ӵֱӡ
ֽҳ֮ϵּ͸ֽ
һʱ

ʥ׽ӹҳֽٿһббŤ˵׾飬Цݻ̡
򵥵֣һԼǰþȫȥάֵһ档
걶飬ȥпʥؽֽҳãһʱΪĳȥ




45.  Т   ɵƯ

ʮ£Т
ڡ
л쳾δ, ԻӰ졣
ҹƴճʱȥ¶̨֡ʵ̫æ߶л, ˣѾȥ롣

, л쳾ڻǻˡ
һ죬õᵽվ, ĸϧżҲֿôͷձشı˹תˣҪЩʱ
Ȼ, ǮҲһ

ŵ, ͻȻ, վĵӵʦ㣬һš
ҵţĪ, ˭Ÿ
ӹǷţֲ, Ʈһҳֽһ, ɴ⡣, 㰡, 

ֽ˺ü, СۺãŽĴ
һʱ֮䣬ɫ˺Щ
ǹѾյĵӡҴһʲôϾôһӣ˭᲻أ

ŵȵӳʱǹı, ̲סá
ǹЦݣŲسվڴʱ˽
еʩҲ뻮һ
̧ͷȥֻл쳾һ°ơϵˮɫ磬ͬɫϵԵÿխһֵ

Ҳڵվڵߣó·ʦ𡣡
л쳾ĿⲢδֻһŲֱͣȥ
ȻԶ˺öࡣ
⣬ǰ⣬л쳾ɻ飬л쳾Ҳǰ컹»˿֮ۡͱüΪ䵭
÷ȥԶС

ѹ
ѹʱգ͹ȥˡ
תصվ룬ָһȥһš

УȫԼڵЩ붼ķֻ˾ߵС
־ϣԼʦϤĽ̵ʦӦػ֮䣬ǿ븸ײص

źܿ͵ɲ
һʱը˷Σ
ˣ̰ӣԼǰˣɰӡԼõʲô
ڶ죬̣ɲһ·ڡȻˣͬ𰺹ĴͷֻܿС

ĩ⴫˵еʥء
ڲȷףûʲôζǸƵɽʱҲ־ηԥ˰Σ˸ӣʣλɳС϶иŮڴʦлл֪ɳɷϵã

ǵһĻв֪ġһ״ӡ
æԭạ̊́ǵڣʦ𣿡
ȴӣҲһʦ㡣ˣæǣɳΪͨһ

æ̲ضʹ̽ס¡
Ůʵʲô¡ڵӣҲиĸģ̽ġרŵĿͷס죬ͬ˵ϼ仰Ҳˡ
״ӣȻֲһ㡣
ĵӱ㽫ţڻסԱΪܳһ䡣

Ĺϵл쳾û֪顣ǸŮТ
ŵΪֺûȻǽĸ׾ͽá
ʱ¶̨֡ŵǰѰϲ̵ظجġ

Ȼˡ
΢Цлǰĵӣһգۣ˲ۿۡ˿ᰴ۽ǣ䳡
л쳾ĶҲǻĶʦл䳡

лһۿҪסͻȻ׵ʹԾۣƺڿޡ
Ƿʲô£ѵȻ˸۸Сʦòɣ
лҪǰѯʣһɫɴ಻ԶظŻһֱסķ֮⣬͵һˣһˡ

лʸԱõĵӣǺˣ
ǵæضʦ֣ǻʦĸסմɲ̽ʦġ
лһȴԾ֡Сʦһ·ʲôѵ뵽Ҫףϲ
ܡŻ飬ôҲϲеӡ

лһͻȻߵӡᣬ͵
Щڣǲ˽˼ҸŮ˵ġ

ӯӯ°ݣŮ
ɫȴáӣ֪䣬ֻлһˣɫ
㻹֪ҲкüˣҲһˡô֦ͷΪӲ˲ɣ

⡪лһͷˮ
СʦȥôȰҲǼ²ˣﻰȴ˼Ů֮ҲûС

ΪǳټЩɲݣʱúηֵлҵ͵֮
ʮֹ˵˵ĶȥˣŮأ
ЦЩҡ޸ʮ£͢ͽɲַ˻Ƽҡ㵹ǰˣҿǰôûţ

лĿɿڴ
ЩҲ֮ˣģͷؼ
ȻĵΪ˲裬˵ϢŭȴŮѪףŮܲΪأŮ޵ȻҲᱣӰյġ

Ӱգ仰ЦˣŭĪǷģΪԼʲôһļ֡ȻŸЩɳһ𣬸𣿡
лҶԽԽʱҲô¡ŭӿȴװڶԷԼСʦõ׵ûж

ΣҪʦ֪ǣ
лơ

ȴǹ˳صϢŭŮʱδ߼κβڣҲֿտաŮŬѧգˣТŮ֤ʱһӦãȫܡ
΢ˣȴŭֿտգߣ͢ɲҲʲôһװ׵شȥһŮɣ
Ҫɲ򣬻Цȴ˳˵ŮƽƽҲٶҲˡ

ͷǵ֣׬ǮлҲǸˣֻĴҪʲô㣿
һ˵ȻлĿࡣ
ֹͣ͵æȥҷƵ
ѵҲ죬һТģ

ҷƵ
л쳾εţлҴ߽ȥصͽʦ
ðʧл쳾֪ӵ顣ȣȴǸѵõĳңлҲǱɽ֮¡л쳾£л쳾Ҳ׺Щ
л˵Сʦõĸǰ̽ӼСʦ죬ǡ͵˵

ĸףл쳾һ٣ѾĲעӡﻹüǸʲôˣˡ
͵С֮٣Ϊ֮һ䡣

лæ֪ʦ֪СʦǸʵۻ಻лð˵л쳾ֻõ˵
лǽĻǰһһظһ顣
ˣ˵Ҳһֲ

˵ǾʱʦͽⶼΡ
ǵ֣׬ǮлҲǸˣֻĴҪʲô㣿
Ļڣ˭ҳڣ

л쳾Ҳ΢΢һ٣뿪ҷƵ
лһ·Сʦסȥ

ѹ
Ҳȥŭޣʲôޣ
С˵ʲôʦ˾ӡЩ㻰ŮҲͰˣ˼ҡ
Ըŭֻѵһһʲô

лҶʱżл쳾ҲٲԥŶ룡
һŭڵϣŶͷѪָףѪԵø졣л쳾ĿһɨǸʲô

ŭ
СĽסѹʱȽһڵء
лллңæС϶ֻòŮʮ˼ǰ̽Ůֻѵ˼䣬Ҫʦصڷܿ̿࣬ͬҶ졭

ס죡лҷסͷأּϹһʯŭʯֽãĴ
ʯͷڶͷϣһȸΪ
лҽס˵ʦʦˣĪ¡

һ˲䣬еĹк˶ݡ
ǰǴлƶɣ
ͻȻ롣

µӣʲôʱֵѵˣл쳾£ʡ
ϲŭһڷæ˵ϾСŮСֻ˵˼䡭
л쳾Լ֣ƺ޳Ưָжµĺ롣ȥƯһΣա

ʣ֪޹ŵӣõ𣿡
Աߣл˵ӦΪɸ
ʲʲôһԲš
Ҳæϥǰƴл쳾ϥϣʦǵӲãʦˡɡϾǵӵװ

Ȼл쳾Ѿ
ϴɲ֮У˽⵽Ϊ֮󣬱Ʋáʱڻ¡
Ŀģ

Ŀధֻһƽֱ
һ˹ȥȴлסûܵסһĨ⡣üģҽһüĻ߳һѪ
סָŻɴ۾أ죬ȴһ

л쳾ΪȴûɸҲǷһ·ҲֻһϢˡҪ޵ֻ²ðꣿ
ɫ䡣
ŮѽΪŮȴֻؿڴˣҡǡధʹ֣
ǡ˼ˡ




46.     

ʮ£
л쳾վһ, ŻŵϽɫϢ
ħ꣬ʵĳ档ǽգЩ
ΪͬԼĵ, Ϊ޵ü

ܻޡ
ʲôʱֻҪ, ͸Ŀ޺Щ, Ҳܰת
Ӳ˻ߡ

ûõġ
ܿ޵滨ᡢ䣬ٳԺܶࡣѾžڻƼһȥĿұ졣
ǰл쳾Դָ, ʯ, Ӳᡣ

, л쳾Ȼ˽
ߵߣ޵ò, ŵˣΪ, Ϊˡ㲻رˡ⼸仰Ȼ䵭, ȴǰο
ǿЦͬް, δõһȰοĵ, ǵõˡ

ŻϢ, ǧ㲻ǣվҸס֮³ǡ
Ǹ˼ˣ
ʣµĻû˵ڣҪл쳾ԼƷζ

л쳾ȻƷζ, ˵סȻˣķϣʡڸĹľչ֮£еõ޳һ졣
ǿ̫ˡ˸̴ľӣʰŵϻϢϢúõװһ䡣

ôһ죿
̴ľӱһڻ˵ΪŮԵϤϡ
ҵȻҪϤϣԷеõ˵ôһ죡

⻹ֵҸĲ£Ҳղ޵¡ֻǵӼֵܽã飬ֻǡļ֮£ƽʹ¡
һɫȴ˵üί

л쳾ȴٲײֵܽãֹǲƽʹ£
ڻ֮³ȻӰĶࡣ
ֳָֹ֪ʲôӡ

л쳾ʣΣ
˵ټգصɲһǽ׵Ϣء򡭡ҲҪΪ·
··֪ڵĻƼң˭ޡ

ˣʵ̫л쳾̾һֵܽã۲ŻƷԶܷڡΨɿΡ
ʦ򲻿ɡæгֲ֣ܳɲ򡭡

л쳾˵һλ֣ͷ΢Ǹо֣һ֡¶
һ̴̣ľУҲмɻ
ʱ䲻¶̨ͻȻεĹţվͤ£Ҳ

л쳾Ŭָо˵ֻλƼҼƼҲſȥ
꣬ʣʦҪˣҪһɲǲǣ
ᣬһëɦļĸол쳾̵ᡣԶᡣ
˵仰ס˵Զ

ˮδ磬˫ϥһڵϣ˵ҲҪʦߡԶԶʦѧաʦҪӡ
һ̣л쳾֣ȥͷͷ˳л쳾ҪŬֳܱߵĴȰ
Ǳɰ֮ͽ

ѧգңƼҡҵĵӣû˸ҷԡл쳾ḧͷΪʦ˵֣Ҳ˷ԡ
ǿɾ̫ˡ
ḧͷ쳾ԭҪİǲܰġ

աл쳾Сݼա뿪ţɲ
ȴǵȵ¶ֳ̨졣Щɹɡװ䣬һ·ɽŵվȫĸϧ
ַ룬׼ϧдš

дܺУɡѷţԾȼ
дü򵥣롪֪λţЩʲô
ΪԼı
̫˺ˡ

Ȼˣ
Щֻ֣Ҫл쳾һšơİˡ
ԣԾˡ
ҪһˣͲҪȥı¡

ЩŻϢ׼ϻɲ
ʱʦȴȵɽ֮¡
΢߹ȥûȴȣʦ֡

ޣࡣû취Ͼ⵱һٶʦ
ǲ⣬ϲ޾ʦ֪СʦҪ磬صšһŽϡ
ӹʣǡ

˵ʦýСʦõšһŴͷʦҪСʦûصɲ򣬼ϣμ֮¡
ӹţ֪Ϊʲôл쳾ûԹ֣˸ʾ̹硣
ɽٷˮ鿣л쳾ƾĿнԶ

뿪ڣһ·ɲ
֮л쳾ȥ򳤣Ҫ֪ͨǰƼ¡
һ㣬л쳾Ļȷƣû˸顣
Ȼ򳤺飬ټһϡ

ǶԷػƼҡ
ûƼұ仯ȴ󡣻̤ţһֵܽñط꣬ȴûаϲɫ
Ŀ⻳ɣʣôˣأ
ʣڼߡ

СԺѾĽռһӦȻҲ类η˸ɾһ˲ûйһ
ʮĪ˼ڸ˻һ֪ʮó
ͷһۣû˵

ֵܽʮˣЩûݵģˡ
ƼģǻСŮʮˡ
ҪҲǹġ

תһȦջص
̲סˣʣأôȥڶգưˣ
ײٻˡǽĻһͼ

ģ⻰һʱ侹ȻĿ¶ϲɫܿ죬ֿʼת˼˵ײڣǳ֡ƼҾӦ˵㣡˵׷˺£
䣬˺ʲôһļ֡Ҳҳǳ֣

˵⻰ǻʮܡ
ǻȡļҡ
Ҳ粡ˡ

Ƴǣѵ£Ǽôģǵ˵𣿡༥
һʱ֮䣬ﳳһš
˽Ӧ˭£ڻ䣬˭ģ

վУٴοǸͼ
֮ѡʱڻΪ˵һȾơ
֪᲻
Ժµõϣڡ

ﳳ죬˿ʼ֡
ãͻȻ˵ԺƼң¡
ᣬΪЩȴ羪ס˶ը죬ʱֹס˳֡

תһֵܽãĿºͣһһ٣ԺҾǼ
˵ʲôһŮˣҲ˾˴
߽ɵ㾹ȻμĪ㺦˸ף

⻰һֵܽһӵϡΪʣʵҪ˺һǽ塣
һǱˣȻҲͲôŷ
ֻ֣Ǻˡ

ڴʱ˵ڸʲô
ȴ򳤴ڡ
һģɲΧмϡ
л״ӻ磬ֳױţЩвĵ

˼򳤣Щ𡣶ʱҺ֡
ߵǰȹһ䣺񣿡
ӯӯһݣл򳤹ģá

ŵͷʾһ¡
л쳾ŵݸ˵ʦͻȻɵӻ磬ҪλϣٽŽ򳤣Ȼס
˫ϲü£Сؽӹš

л쳾ţֻ⡣
򳤴֤ɲ²ˡɫԡҶ˽ּ۸񣬻ա񳯻ΪɵƼãʡ

źϸظ˻СаռӵģҲв˳͢˽ֵġ
ȴΨûлŮС
֪ȥԻӰ졣
½ǸһԶϴˢ

⣬ҲĳԪ꣬ԭ
һƷԲˡԼŮҲĸ׵ϥ³䵽ԼУôԼף
ɫģһң
϶˵Ҳֻܱտڲԡ

ϧǰҡ
ıʲô

վУл쳾顣
ֵĻƼңרġ
ʼСԺľƣһ᲻ǰԼ
˵




47.     һκȾ

ʮ£
򳤽, ȻлҪԼӻλƼҼ֮λ
һһĹ֤Ҳ˵ϼ¼ʮ꾡û֤, Ҳ޻˵
л쳾ЩСҳɵġ

, 飬ĸΪѣ
򳤵λ, ɶ𣿡
Ҳ׷׵ϲλڵõһλļ

˵꣬һУͳõ
, ɲ, ְʦ, պǰ;ĪҪЩϼһ̬Ͱǹء
ÿ˶ǹԼص

ûƴЩ, СӦеĹλһһʺ
ֵܽȻôӵ, ȴҲ޿κΡ
Щ, һֱŻƼһˮЩ, ѵ˭֪ôϥЩŮ, мõģ

Ƽڸ, ɲء
ĵصȵ˼ӡ£˰ƼҵĲũ֡
Ⱥ˾ලƼˣʲô

ƼеǮȫᣬԼҲű, ؽ˻ϡ
ӡ£ŸǶȥ

˻ƼļֵܽҲٹȻԡ
һУ֡
ʱڣǰԽֵĲǵһ
û
⹷û

ϾԲһ㡣
һｫӵ˸裬սˮ
ֹȻǷѿˣʱѿС죬ˡ

΢ЩʶʲôβͲݡ
ǵģһĹβͲݡ

أΪһЩë޵Ĳ룬ⶫ˸ïʢƺûĵط
ֻֻӸˣÿÿдòֺ

ӽȥɲ֮Լһûȥ
һ״ȥˣֻҲͽǼЦԲ֪¡֪ѵ˴ʱ֡
һƺʱ䶼⡣

ʱɲ򣬻Ƽҡ
СԺĽڳ̳ƣ߳ɲ
˲ʶ̧٣Ȼ㲻Ǿ͵ιɣ

ӣһ·ϵϾ·ڳǣʵ˼졣
ò˾ſڣúÿͷԱ㻳ɡǸյǰüͷ
˾ſڣۼ࡭

ǵģݶС
ÿﶼ쳤ӣ
ȻҲȺ˰죬ʲôҲûƼ
ֻüǰλС磬ҪΪͨ

˸ۣǼͣߣ
˵ŻҪˡֻúˣһ˺Ľš
Ǹæ

ǹȴ죬Ц⣺Ҳģ
Ҳһס֣ʣʲôҲңһڹŽţҿ
ʣǡᶼҼɣ

ǹһЦ˵װˣ¶Ҷ֪Ͼˡʲôúߵģ
Ҳ֪һݣʣʲô£
ǹС˵ʲô£㲻˵Ǽһʱ䣬ⲻ

ʲô
ˣ⡪ʵ֤𣿡У飬Уôᴫ˾֪
ǹһûʱ˷ˣȻˡٹʮλ˳ʮ¡ʮλﶼˣĴأ

⡪
ͷԼ̳ƣоԼӲá
ΪѪıʣ

ԡǵõڻʹƫԷʱɴȥѰһʱ»˵һҹʮŮ¡
ѵ츳
¶ǲ֪Ͼǰû⡣

¼ǰλ磬л״ӻ˾ั
˵Żڵ
벻ҵһȻҪл쳾ӡ

һڵˣ⵹ûΪѣɳԺƬ̣Сͨ
һĲɡ
ߵĹǣϸϸۡ
ݼֱ

ڲһัҴҸ
һۿæǰ롣
ȥﻹԺֻʣǼðɣ

»ͷ·Լ˼ĽŮǰ̽Լ
æ˵֪һĻŭţЩ˼ֱǲ跹˼˶ݲ١
֮£ȴȻĲɡ

𣿡ʴ֮£ǲ˼ֻ˵˾ࣿ
»Ȼ֪˼˵ڹУֻǡֻǡ
Ϊѣʣǲ̽
»˵ֻǼڲУֻŹ

ˡ
벻ôãһﾹȻûָܻģ
Ҳһ£ֻ赭дݲһʡڣ߹Щʱ䣬ȴŹǽ

ϣԼͣัһɡòʲôģ¡
»ԥȻȥһָûˡ

飬׹˵ัصġҡҼ룬ʱˡ
»ס΢Цͷ

磬ʹ
»Żһ·Բ
ʥڲ鿴յҩһ̧ͷͿ

ŻϸϴЦһҽˡ
ߣѾͷʥױ߳һȴվһ㡣

»ʶʥײĻš
žƣ̤ⷽء
ĻӻŮڽѪ֮󣬿ʼη㱻ȥࡣ

ɨڣȴһɻ֮ȥҩζֿࡣ
ЩңŸָˡ߰ݡŮס϶һżһͷɭɲ

һڴ
ǽڣûлͷ
ȻԻĽŲûлŲϤ

վդǰĬشıӰ
ϻûף˿ª
аӢģ

һغ֡
ССһı͵ؽֱþòͷЦȴ
ĵһ˾˾ĹԾסһٶꡣ

Щҹ᲻ػ谵ң
ڿʹýѣ

һ˴ȡӦá˭
һ̣ʼϧˡ
һʮ걻սᡣ
߳ȥģѾǸꡣ

ȴãһﲻת
ʥ׸ɴšعͷһ»ʣܻܲرһ£

˽Īʥ˵Ѿˡôë
ðɡֻ˵һһ⡣ҪǳĿˮж𣿡
΢ʥ˼һ£ѪҺв졣

ͷһèҡ
ʥĥ˰죬ڷӦ졪ǣΪʲôԵĿˮ
»ûǸŮ˸ղŵĻ
ัһڴ

ֻſڹ˯
һѾһ·ǰ׼˳Ь
һѽѾôѽ

Ť̵壬ֽŵһߵ˫߹ϣ˫߹Ա߻һ裬Ż͸һӡ
ǿž޴ӳһβͣë޵һţʲô

Ѿôֵúܺۡ
Ŀ֮һһǰ
ʲôһﻺʡ
ǲת

εʵѾ̫ˡ
ϴŽྻĺۣۿ󣬽˶ȥıӰȥֻ֣ÿɲ
ϵľ̳˵ˣ괺ʱڣ˺Ⱦư

һ䣬ȡ
Ŀ̳⣬»״æȥΪѰ롣
˭֪ͷһھƣȻȥһתһ

һֻôһȣڡ
֮ģصõ֮
СůĴࡣ

˺㣬ȷ档
һһ룬ں䣬һͣĴ

Ǿˮ΢΢ȫȥ
񣬷ܰҡһĿ롣դ⣬ʥסѽһæ۾˳ȥ

ᣬƣһﲽˡ
ڣǽ
Ŀס΢̳һơսһ⽫ľ֭ͿĴ

˵ʱڣҪ˺ȾơұǰȣҾι˺ȡ촽˵
һֶ
»һ龰ֶԼһ⡣֮󣬵ͷߡ

㣬һ˫΢죬ֻջءţһӵҲûС
в졪ô㵨ûУҹʮŮʮλѵûιȹƣ
Ҳ̫ҵ˰ӻ

ˣ洫˵
Ŀƣ
ϧʮֿͣ󣬲̫ó

ʱ⣬е˿Ρ
ֻ֣
һˣʣʲô

ɳƣ̣ʣʲôͼ壿ʲô䱦
֣Ϊʲôôʣ
һﴹݵʱЩ

ʮΪѣ̫˵
һü۵ʹ˵ɡ˵֮һύߡ
ôá

˹أ
һüˣæ˵ҾȾƵġġ
̳ݵһǰ˵̳Ӿ˺ܶˡܶܶˡһֱ᲻ҽףͬġϧûкʵĻᡣ

һ￴һǾƣ˵Ȼ󣬺α㡭֮䣬ƺҲ̫졣
˵ɾˡ
˵ʱˡÿơ

ԣ
һﶢ̳ƣĿƺڻľ֭̳ݸһڡ

ң㴼Ҳ˯
һӹǾ̳ڣ졣ʱ˿̣ƺҲûô
ͷһھơ

Ϊ˱Լ˫ֵȶӲȾơ
죬Ƶζ
ŨͬĴࡣ
һҲζ

Ʋңһﻹˡ治ơ
Сϣ˵˾˯
һ˯죬Ҫ𣿡
£˵һ

һʶѾʮֻʣΪң
Ҳͷϣ֮ʱѰϣպʱ˳˼һǰĺáԨѾãչˡǡ𡣡
һӿ۾˵
Ƹͷ˵ȥ

һ֪˯֮ͬ¶ȣʧǿ˵һ仰㵽Ҫʲôأ
룬˵ѧգҪҡңòã
áһ֣˯ȥ




48.  ͹   ǹ͵ģ͹ģ

ʮ£͹

ȵһﳹ˯, 
Ǽû°ɣ»ŵؽ鿴
ʥ׿һֿ˵Ҳµȥ죡
ʲô»̷ǼӺ, ʹҲмͿ

ʥ׷˸, 
»תͷЦĪ֣ǼȾ, ԾǳЩ
ˣǼûоֶ

ߵһǣ˫߹ſӡ
ԱǸ, βͲݳʮïʢ
ָŪ, ë޵Ĳá»ʱĿɿڴ⡪

ͼ˵Сϲĸɾϵϸ, վתҪߣʥæ˵ȵȣ
, ʣȡһöݹȥ֮
มӹ, 

Ա, »ڵͰ
һ, ˼, ֻͷС̴, һﰲس˯
ˣ׽ϧв
һƺҲûؽӽһˡ

߳Բá
˵㵭ɫ⣬˼Щֵ֦, ҶͣѾһ̡
ս

Բһ㣬һʱѾֻʣһˡ
֪ʲôʱ֪ӣվǰǻƵһ塣
δɢľ㣬Ǹ˼ֱһ

֮󣬶һˡֹ¼źܿû
һﻺߵſڣѾ˾ͷǰߡͷǽǣͻȻס

ǽǷ裬һ˫߹ſҶƬ˯
һ裬ϴλӡӾ޴ޱȣÿ춼潽ˮʥװᵽɹɹ̫
ȵӳŷһ蹷βͲݡ

ݳ죬Ѿϥǡ
ԭΪֻǻЦһЦ֮⡣ʱǰ蹷βͲ
Щ֦Ҷձһ֡
һ֡
һָ⸧Ǹ֣ССһ㾪ϲɵ־ȥ֮İ塣

ڡɿ̿
棬㲻ʲôšܲ׾Ҳԡ
ΪԽһӣڵչ¶ͷǡ 

֮£ȻҲû¡
һǰãһǶԺϧӳ˵ĺ档
λÿ¶һǮӲЩӵȥ

Ϊʽ֡
Լ¼Щгϵļ۸֪⽫һʾʡ
λЩʲôأ
ûʡֻǽֻؼĸǡ
޵ĸ裬λٵһˣڴ

л쳾Իȷǳ⣬ķѾлҵͬ
нʼΪʦΪ̻ӡ
ӱھýп಻
ѾͷǸӡѹͲϢ

Բһսת
ٵִҩʥҩʼŻ塣ʥ⿪Բ߶
һΪӲҶ׼ʳԽβﱧȥɹ̫˫߹

Ҫص˾ࡣ
ʥüʣ˵ʲô
һظһ飺˾סģһᰴʱѪ

ʥһ³ƺ˼
һ˾Ҳ׼ʱҩ
ʥʣ񡭡쳣±˿

Ȿں¡Ȼһȴ޷Ҳ⡣
Ȼ⡣ΪǸˣû
ʥ̾˿ðɡϷҽϷǻʱץԲġ
ǣһֱ˫߹ֱŹβҶϻſӣһ·ص˾ࡣ

ʥԣȻڳˣȥʮֿɲ
ЩĿ˷ʱ͵͵
һȴѾ̹Ȼ֮

ӻŮУǵһ뿪Բġ
ʥĿ뿪Ա߸ʣҽôؼң𣿡
ᰴʱġʥ˵Ϊ
Ϊúûš

һص˾֮󣬵һʱ俴ЩΧŮǡ
Ҽһۣñ˰ֱʮɭŹֵģɷ׷׺ˣóһһ˾ţңʣʲô£
һΪѵЩŮغڴ˵ԭ

˿ЩŮӣٵͷԼ
Բԭ
ֹһѾ

Ȼû⡰֮˶ʥʮϡ
ᰴʱǰԲʥװʥҩʱطá
ȻÿһλѪʹ಻ںתƴȴһȥת

ʱˮҴҶ
һգΪӾ
չ¶ͷǵĺûᡣ
ΪƽҲŷɣ䳡³ǡ

³СǣλںϾ֮䣬ͨ˴
ϸ˵ǳ͢Ͻ
͢Ҳδԡ

ڰеĵλֻ͢Ҳõġ
ԣʦԴ˾һĬϡ
ǣСС³ǣǰսˡ
Щ̾ӡ̸۵鶼һ¡˭ܶͷժùڣ

˾࣬˾һ鷿
ǽǷ蹷βԽߴë޵һԣȻȴʼһġ֡
˫߹С鰸ϡ˫߹ҶƬ˯

һڳԵһָòͽѾֳݵò
ֵֻȶȻδָܻⷨҪ̣ԵüΪġ

Ųȴʥס
ҩ䣬ʣΣ
һ֣пɡգ뿪Ͼһˡձܷء

׼ʥŭʿȶʵΣաǱ˿ߣѱѪ֮²й¶ʱ׷
һĻᡣвǹҲԳֻ͢ǡ

ʥ׸ֻȥ³ǣ˽ǸѾͷ
һԣʥ׽ŵǸѾͷл쳾ĵӣǼɫ״ӣȥл쳾ѵϹӣ֣ܶԸ񣿡

һĬ
ŵĵһɣʵв֮ΪС
ʥ׵ʸǵ䲻ףվϷ˵·ϵĻĪҪɫǻ裡
˵꣬㬶ȥ

ҲûʲôȻҹ䣬һ﷢һ¡ֻӲˣ
ƽʱһԱ㣬˫߹˯ȥβڣһұ鷿Ӱӡ
ˣһɫ֪࣬ã׷׸

˭鷿һʡ
ð죬С𣺡ؼСһֱſڣ롣ڼ䲢ûڡ
һ䣬ֻžһ졣һŭļòյǵϸߡ

һһһ˾£ȥң
漴ͳ̼ʣһŲͼ
ͼǡһ棿

ʲô취
˾ߣʼһӣ
̸ף

ȸ䡢׻˾æ׽ûһǼ˵Ķų棡
»ͱп಻ҹݣĴҳ档

ʹԲ
ʥдҽһ뿪ģĻӻŮ˿ⲻá
ÿձæҹ˯ҲҪһֻ۾ֻЩֲб䡣

ʱҹʱ֣ʥ׺òдҽͻȻһʹ
ʹһͷһԼϣ֪ʱһ棡
ʥ棬ֱǰҽȻԼ۾
⡢⾹Ȼǵһֻӣ

ҽ˶ֻ۾ٺõĺҲ̲סƿڴ㡢Ǹ˾𣿣
˭ţĴһ·˾ԲΪһڣ

ϷţΪ˭Ȼ𱨣Ϊ棬ϷͲƽϣϷʧϷǲ㲻ɣҽһƷˡ
ҧгݣ׵ľʹ˲ˣһһǰ˾࣬ĳˡ

˾յҳжҽ˵ŭн
Ǽ⳥˰µнٺ


ʱ³ǡ
ڼл쳾ڵĸӽ˳ǡ
еĳֶͣ˵Ŀ׷ױλŵһڵ
л쳾°ѩԨs ˪

󣬿˼еӭʱʮָп
ĳԪʮ꣬Ҳл쳾һǰֻǵʱˣֻҪʢװϯɡ
л쳾æӦ꣬Ҳ

еĳԪʮ꣬һװ硣û˰˵ֻзױ˿ɺƮƮҡ
л쳾ֱȻʦȻҲ˿̽Ŀ⡣

л쳾о΢΢ͷؿջȥĪҪ߶
һǡҲ뵽߶
л쳾Ļشʮ⣬֪Ϊʲôϲ˴Ŀ⡣
Ů𨣬顣ܲעĿ

ûл쳾˼ĿתСǡ
³Сջˮ䷱֮ϾҲضá
л쳾˵Ŀ⣬һ·齵ĿջΪ״ӣڡ

л쳾ȻЪϢ䣬ΪȻҪһš
ЩǰӣҲҪǰݼ
æ

ҲûţջСġ
·ȥȻСڡȻ趼һģһ
ʼεʵԣô˻ԭ

ҵʳģʼ
ĳԪʮ꣬Ҳ˼Сˡʱл쳾ͬһ䣬ɵʱл쳾ݻһˣִҴҳš
αһ

ɽҩ죬ѹ࣬Ŵ׷ۣţ͡ȻСԲˮ죬Ͼǡ˼õװΡ
ʮ棬ûΧ

Ŀͷ͸ԶԶע
һ￴þˣԱ»飺ȻˣǹȥкΣ
һҡҡͷ

ɫñѹס˰
Ϊԭ԰ףǻֵơ
дؿǸ֪л쳾סĸ䣬ѡõĵطȻ

»˵ЩҹЪΪ׼ռȻȻǽΪˡ
˵һɫ㲻ôȻ

Сѣڴˡһ̽뻳УǸҡǼ﷨һ˿֯οպ««Ͱ뿪Ļ١
Ƕ˰«Ȼɡǽ˿ϸ٣ʢżɫС쳣

ȻǷЩ˼Եһ˫ֵ״̬͵̶Ϊס
ϲɡ
һͷЩһΪǵĹ׼һв

ʱˣСһ·¥
һ͸ȣʱ֣ʱڵ
ͬƲ֮е¡

ɻȴûлԼ䡣
ȥл쳾ķš
һ黺»״æ˵лĵӣТʦ⡣

һһȴǴӴ߿ˡ
߿ˣĿȴ̲ס

ţű㿪ˡ
л쳾ڣȻڡ֪ʲôʱ
ȥ˵ʦ࣬һٳȥɡ

л쳾һһȻⲻ˾ȡ
Լ̫ϲҲԲ˼ڡ
һˣȻҲмʳ

벻㻹³£Ǹջõѡû޹㣬ֻмϢ
͵ǰȻǲصġ
йŮͬһңǹţֻ˵

ЦŵʦСˣ۳գҲġ
¶̨һءһ˵һ߽ԲʢС
л쳾ĶֻܰϤҹһһΪŲʳ

ʢõ͵ǰһס
л쳾΢٣˵ҲһЩɡ
ðҲܾԶ
л쳾Ҩ˸ԲŽ

ⶫܺƢθ븹֮󣬷θһƬ
л쳾˼
Ҫٸʢл쳾վءΪʦҪһˣԻطϢ
ʦͽ˵İȫ롣

Ӧһȴֵ˱ˮڡ
л쳾ֽӹεĬ
뿪л쳾ıӰŲԶȥ

棬ضһС
»һ߿ȰʦͽʦͽνһΪʦΪ˹ϵ׽ЩҲġ
˵ĻӦһߡ

һۿһƹ
ʱǰɿؽϵڹϡ»ͷʺţǣ
䣺㲻ʱΪҹⷨ͹ġ
һָǻƹȴʩ˸Сǹһͷߡ
»

ʰ꣬ҪطһתȻһ
ͨĴƹֻǲϻϵšһ﷨
ͷˣ

ǻƹֱߵǰ
һӹϽǷժ
ǷǼ«״ңһһ˿;ɶ칤οյĺ«Ը裬ʮʺŮ
ңȻһ£ǰ֡

⡭ģǴƹ㲻Ҫ͸Ұɣ
ƹȻشܿˡ
⡭һһ
Ǻ«˼⡣




49.     ¶һԼ

ʮ£

һͷˮ, Īķ˷䡣
һ¥֮ļˣһҹû˯á

գձʽʼˡ
Ϊƽ, Ӷʹͳһ׼ķ
ѡһؽΪл쳾״ӣҪعصġ

Ÿ·ŶҰõĿ̨, ҷ׷һעм䳡һٵشɵӡ
һվһ, 촩һϮǳɫ䣬ҫۡŮӣؽ硣˾£, ǵǰһ

ʽʼƺлܳ帺άִ
ʦߵĹ̨, ǰһյ, Ʒ
л쳾Ŀ׹䳡УһĨɫ, λŷ׷׿޻˫л쳾ûǫ飬ŵ, Ʒò, һָ

ͻᷢˡ
û˺, Ҳ貶Ŀ

Ⱥ֮, Ϊ, ûرλ
һȺеȨƻǮƵĹԱ̼һ̨ҰֻпɡΧ˿ڿ۵ȫл
˿һԶ̨ϵˡл쳾ˣǾ񣬻ȴֻۡ

һգڴʱʼˡ
лܳ帺, л쳾ӳ󡢺ϧ˼֤
Իɡõε˵ʮ˸ǻǰյĵж

Ȼڻ֮¡
ֻǾãϧлû
ȻĻԼ־߰öࡣ

һտʼԵԻڲ֮Ӳس
س˵Ҳһ˲ġ˵ԼļֻǰҫĿ
΢Цֵʦ֣ˡ

سګګػ˸ĶǡҪĪ
̨ϣʮֲá
֮ͽɫǻ裡лͼͬʱߡ

س˼תɲ顣
һʦСˣ
䣬

òл쳾ľ֮¡ʱһ֣˱ол쳾Ĳͬ
л쳾Ʈݳ㡣ǧ硣
ɷɣл쳾㣬Բжȡ
ȴȥ޻أǿء

س˰Եֻؽͱн
лܳʤسԷš
ȭʩȴ޵ɫ

˷׷ǫѷ費
ʵ򣬻﷭ڲֹȥʲôʱлһս
˼֮䣬ֲͷϵĲ롣

͸Ĳ룬ԭΪⳡεļʱ֮
ڣֲǡ
ڶȻҪȵһγöࡣĿǰΪֹ벢ûڻļ

һβڻΪ˳Ҳˡ
ôκ飿
ǳ

֪Ҳ̽
վ̨룬Χǿ͡Щˣ˵ݡ
ڣվ䡣
һ˲䣬һʱҡѱ֮С

ڶӺ̨ܿǺϧĴӺ壡
ΪʵҲƲس̨ʱĴ㶡ֽŻһ齣˽գѸԿͷ֮ʽ֮
Χ˽ͣ˵רĹս

壽Ϊã˿塣һһȻЩĿгЧ
Ⱥ֮У񲻺õֻܿɫӰӡ
һ̶ʮʱ䣬ֱ١

̨ߴл쳾յһڣȻĿһֱע̨ϡ
Ǹ˳֮ʱһɺһԸ񲻷
л쳾ǵټĽɣ֪ĵһ˵ĽΪλ֮Ĳ
֪

ֻǳУǸһŽɫĹ⣬չת
ʹǺϧĶӣҲսʤ
еıǸܵ⣬壵ĽⱻƣĽʺ֮ʱ˶ʶڣᵮһɡ
л쳾ĵӡǳл赺л쳾⣬Ľɡ

ϧ϶
ҺԱӳ̽ϣ㰡
ϧ⡰㡱ʣ򡭡
˵һ
ϧصͷֲһ䣺л۹⡣

л쳾ʲ壹ӣΨ̿ˡ
һ̿࣬˵ġĿ̿ȴץκһںʱܣһ
˵ĽҲͰˣƫƫǡ

䡣
л쳾Ϳˡ
֮£ϲֻ֡¶̨Ŀ֡

Ǿл쳾֪Ϊִš
ƫƫħ

ⳡ֮Ϊл쳾ĵӣǶ֮һÿˣս
սʤ
ڿνǵл쳾Ǳ졣

ȺУȴԽ
ʮʱ䣬壬ȻҲǱƣַ
ǻչ̫ˡûʲôԽС

ʼ˼ʣ̨һսܲȡʤ
ûаաΪ̨ϵĺ壡س˲ûܱƳȫ
һ뵽Լ̨пܰڻ£ơ
ޣޣ
׹ھԨ

ս˵ĺȲжķvһ˳
л쳾Ȼ뿪Ŀȴ⡣ǳɫӰӣһ뿪䳡

л쳾ߣһȴǿߵġ
ȺԶԶظҲ߶ֱ˿ջ
ʲôߣģ

һҪסס˵ʲô
һ뵽ԼսܲĶ˱
ۿŻ˷䣬ȴͣס˽Ų

»ԼҼ״æ˵л쳾һʱز˺β
һɫط
»ĪΪΣò׹³һˣǰ

һغһۣһתȻĻطˡ
߳ӣ䲻һŮӣޣҲ߲ݵؿޣ
»ģģ롣

ص䣬ûЪšǺۣиҪ
С˼Сˡ
л쳾ζ嵭֮󣬶ټӷ֮ıԡʱмСˣٺòˡ

ȻȵһıԽл쳾һء
ص䣬ᵽһƲ˵
Ѿ˰ںã״̧ͷʦλʦܶˣһ磬˼Сˡ

л쳾Ų΢٣󻺻ڡ
ʱѲڣ𡣻ƵĹӰΪǳǳĹΣܰл쳾ãʶ
ЩİĻ棬Ժһҳһҳظ֡

ߣΪƵƣϤ
ˣ

֣סֱ
΢л쳾Ҳ͵طӦ类̣Ѹջ֣ǿ£ҲˣαæЩ£ȥɡ
Ȼ㵽Ϊֹˣǲ֮ܲġ
һӸˡ

䣬תȥϷš
л쳾֮ϣֱ¡С˾£ЮһŽζϵغϺ⡣
·ÿһˣרΪơ

л쳾ǿԼЩϲߡ
˿ӣӦټӣΪǷսԱսյĵڶֱԡ
롣

˫סͷǻձȶĻ档
ҪҪŬѹסЩƵļ䣬Ҫ˯һ
ҲԼҪϢ

ЬڴϣһҪ
赣޵ˮ
һǽ֮ˮر
ϴԡ

л쳾ѾþȫĻȴԿء
һССת鳲Զɽ䡣
л쳾룬Ȼһǧְ취ܿڵ龰ܣ뷨ϰҧģ΢ʹ

һϢ֮˯л쳾Լʩһ䡣
˯˹ȥ
ȻҲƽ

һİڡ
һ߰ǽӰεĹŽȥԿµСͤСͤԱиССˮأرһŹֵ÷
÷·һΣ˯ϡ

ȣϽһ˿ۡϸˮɢܺúõס
л쳾ǰ˿ϸ覵СȡĽСɶֺۣϻͿ޺ĵF֣ḧ
ˣȥ˸˯ˡ

Ǵȥա
˿е۾ӹ󽥽͸ˮ⡣
չ˫ۣˮ߰ľ
ѽ굤𣿡ૣĥ

ʲôʲô֮ӿش𣬱ݽһҵ֮С
л쳾ʱԾ
ְסأֱյָڷסȥԼμʲôɶĺˮҵеһУ

ϵľƲѾֻʣ΢¡
컹ҪеڶֱԣΪиҳྻѣΪԼ¡ʪһһ䣬ҪȥЩӿ
գȴ¶һԼ




50.  д   ΪʲôȢ㣿

ʮ£д
ջ, ϴ˸裬
ϣȴл쳾ټл쳾Ϊʦ, ӦΪսϾ׵ղܾ
ţαҪһӽǰ¾е㶪ˡ

ǵӱֲ, л赾ͻԸл쳾һָ
, ҲͲôš

óֻƹ͵ңڴϰ档
Ҿϸȥ˺ö飬沢ûǸ˵ӡʵ, Ҳ֪, ķ, ǸˣҲѻ˾ϸص

ſڴ, ˿ĺ«յǶˣһᡣ沢ûи, ȻҲ㲻˱ǡá
Ǹ, Ҳһ, 鰸, ص

, Ť˰졣﷨۸񰺹ͨͨһլҲҪ
ǱΪԼ㡰ƷԸ߽ࡢıƤҪ
ǵһ¡Ǹ˵, ǲҪҲ࣬Ͻ顣

ǸҲһǵˡ
ԼԼǲˡ
ңϴ˸˰죬дһֽ

ֽдúܼ򵥣дĸ֡룬ҪӵģΣҲܵиɰɣ
ĸ֡дա
ɲ⡣
ֻǽ˭أ˰죬ͻȻһѽﲻƹ𣿣

Ҳܵ¥£ץסֻƹֽɼϸСһϡ
洰ǰ˽˸ס
ัҲԸ¥ץһʹӻƹѳȻˣัҲûҶ࿴ѸٷأֽݸԼҼ
ัǼ

ǿ£򶨵شֽ
ֻһС֡дա
ัǰĸ֣ϲϲ
˶źĸ֣ɫأʱϲ֮硣

ั⡣
ֽʣʼջյĸʽϸڡһ򲻴Իָģʽ·˸߰˰ˡ
βкͷ
ัվһߣȫעģܸоﲻԡ

ͳȥȻҲһֱŴ¡
Щһֱͷ֣;ú͵һֱҲá
ʱϾĹȥڵӦѾָò˰ɣϾİ˾Ѿպա

һȥƹȻֹϵֽѾȡߡ
Ȼ
ƣһ·Ʈط䣬µϡ
һ֣Ǳ㲻ܿư

°ҹл쳾ȻΪڵ˶սƻĵΪ˷Ķ֡ΪŸóĹָƣҲ˾ǳ
Ҳ桪һһ߰̾
ʵ²ܶսл赣

ǲʵ˿ϣ
ȻִͷϵĲ롣֪óԺúȵعһЩϰ˴ˡ
л쳾ĳ࣬˵˾䣺ˣЪϢ

⻰һҲһܣֲһ䣺Աս
ЪˣӦһлط
л쳾ɨıӰ֪Ϊʲô뿪֮ʧȥе̸ԡ

գٴγսʱѾΪ˶õĺ
վ̨룬˹̨ȺڿǸˡһһɫ˺֮䡣
ǸλҰãѰˡ
ֻһ㹻˻ϲ

̨ϣһʰһעĿĶˡ
ԱߣัҲϲãС˵˹ΣϵҹҪúñ֡
ʲ飬ֻ̼¼ĶԵʽ

һսȺŵӱԣʦл쳾л赣ս˱ʮɡ
յͷĪ
л쳾˵ĵأҲ⡣ż˳ȥϴһٻƯǵ֮

ΪȷʵȻӮһ
л쳾Ŀ׷ֻСı뿪䳡ûлͷл쳾ջĿ⣬ҪǿԼרģܼĽա
Σͷ֣ʤҲҪ

صջȻϴһȻһŮĳջûֻͭøӷģ˸٣ٻ˸ױ
ˮ裬ˮӰûˣŸ߸˵سš

ȻҲٵڻĴǰ˿ջ̸ϡ
֪뱩¶ݣղһǰһس³ǡ
һֱһ֣˸ͣ½Ų

󣬼һۣñ˰¶İϣɫ֡ɫںڷϣԵü԰ףѪɫ
ߵǰ󣬾ˣɵ㻹𣿡

˵пɡȻŵνɡ
һͷˮ
˵ν
ֻðγԼĽʣʲô

棺дգ
䣬䣬޳˫֣ظһɫۣ
һ缲磬Юһ㶾

ȫȻûзӦָڼϡ
ڵһָ֪ᵯδ
ûָָĻۣ

ָ絯УֻͷʹٽӭÿһУԷƺ׼
ǵȻģ˿ǲ߲ݵоһҹ

̿գһˮһǻŭ
ڱ䣬ֱˣ
һȫע־߰ҲͲ飬ֱϮҪʱֻջܿ͸ƴ
ƴУ˿¶ְ

ҽ֡
ɼбȫ˽⡣
ϱָ絯ʹġһɱ磬֪һȻΪΪԲ
ʲô̶ȣ֪

ڴ֮ǰԵһϧӶࡣ
ʱ˿̣޲أ


һԻĽ磬˲ܡࡣ
ʶԼҪı·ٱУһǰоȻҲʧȥáܿҳӦ֮
أʮ档Χľն䣬˫۽񣬵ˡϽɫ֡ټϺɫĶȥ˵졣
֮£ֱаħ֮ʿ

ϣƴɱɱ𡣿ɵһʣʵǹޱȡ۸Ǻס˫֮󣬾ÿÿıʼӲʯ
ΧĶӰУѾľɿһƬ

Ϊơˣ̵ֽʮϸ¡
ͷ˿ûܼʱѪѪڣȻմ֮
Ѳս

˱ʮؾԡ
ĹȴԽԽ졪ˣҷǴ㲻ɣ

ҵĹƣһ˼ƶսߡ˻һŶȫѸٱУֱؿڡֻһ죬ĽƺһӲף롣
һָסĽ棬ֱһġ

ֻһɴԽϮб֣˴֮ϵ䡣žһˤµҶС
һ״æڣ֣Ҫ
ȻõĻӦžһ졪Ŀ֡

˲⣬жˡͳһⶾȷ
һǶϣȻ˫ſڿҶУ۵һ޳
һվǰһʱ޴롣

Сһֱ޵þ¾ΨһΣޣỨױֻè
һﰲضڣҪ鿴ͷ˴
뽫ƿܲáݣȴ쳣ȽԸƿ͸Ʋ

ͳҩƿϸµΪҩ
棬ûмЦ˼źһƫͷȥһϸΪ˿ڣȹϵá
ͷβһֱܹأҲûҿ

˽ľ룬иоĺֻص⣬Բϡ
ǺҲûôˡ
Űɾױǰ׻ˡ

һȻǶǰݲ԰ףѾû˵ʱĿΪţѾʼ˾ѹ
ڵӽŻʣΪʲôޣ

û˵أҸ߸˵㣬Ȼһ٣
һü˵ɡԼдա
ðɣǸˡʵ۶˵ԼҪһ𣿡
Ҫһ˵

תͷ䣬棺Ҫ
ðɡ˵ⱲӾͲϰôŬǰҲܿЦɣ
һƣһ˵Ц

ȻҲûбĻ
̾˿˵һԶҲܴл走ɣ
л赣һü֮ȻΪҪ
˵ˡ̾ҲģԲ˫ֱͷò૵ݺ֪

ߣһһֱû˵
㵹ǰο䰡ø첲ͱͱ
һ˼ã˵ʣлȷʵȥԶҲȫ޻ᡣҵ㡣
⻰ЦôңҴл赣

һʦϽ˼һ󣬴׺ܶࡣ
һƣʱ˱ƵڿҶˡǰҲ˵˳˹ȥ˳ϣһֻ֩롣
ɨ˵һһ΢΢ͷȥ

Ӹµش˵ȻһǲҪһȥôɰ죬Թڡ
һѹƣҵ㡣
ô˵

ſؿڣڵһǰǺܷɡ
һҲδܾ˿٣Լһ
ܾʱû˵Ϊ˯ˡȻһΪֵĽ

Ī
һ˵Ҫսʤл赣ҪһѺý
Ȼһֱ¡̧ͷñǼ˲°ͣһˣʱͦõġ

ʦϽʣʱ򣿡
ʧЦ˵Ҫǲˣ͸ˡ
ˣʦǰ˵ľҡҡͷصȷʵãԺҲȥˡ㡣
ͣ˵˭˭ء

㣿סηӦҲǡúȢӣֻøһƸ񣬻ΪŮ໮㡣㵥һٶð
ʲôһﲻ
ȴһ¡ӣ֧ؿڣҪӦңԺȢӣҲԲң۸ҡºڣҪһֱơҲϲһˣȥﶼҪҡ˯ҲҪңҪ˵

˵һѣذ
һĿԣī૵ˡô˵ȥҪ̫ࡣˡʧſؿڣ߾ȫԼúһ㣬أ
ǣǸΡ

ĬһȴͻȻʣΪʲôȢ㣿
ס
ʦϽطȢ㣬㲻᲻㡣Ҳ۸㡣ҵķˣȻΪƣһˡҹȻҲͬ齣˵

˵ö԰Ȼ򣬵ֵҪô죬Ҳǿԡ
ӵһз֮ʶ÷顣һܣǰ޹˼ɣʲôŮ֮
Щ˵Ҳ졣

һȢһ
ֻԼ
ˣûôеĵ٣ɲõһﰮԼ֮Լܼա

һת໵⡣
һĬ
ע۾档

Щ⵽ߣֶȥǰе
˵ףһǸˡ
Ȼ֪ҲǷԼʲôûΪԼһӶȥ

˵ûǱô롣úȢˣҵһô֪֪ȣ֪ʶȤŮˣǻǺиġ
˵⻰ͻȻһԼҡ
⡭ܾ˼ңֲ뻹ȥԥʣǸңҿ𣿡
һעΣ˵ԡ

̫ˡģϾⴢ﷨ƯʵáԼı뿪֡
ԺԼԶЩɡ
Ѷɹʱ̣նůѾ꣬ò׵ǹ¶ϣǿ̫ˡ

һϾĶ̫ˡ
˾ѩ㻹ǺúҸһ𿴰ɡ




51.     Ϣ̫үĻƤ

ʮһ£
³, ջ
ʱһȺѾС
Щ˶

, أϴʾݲס
Ī, һӳ, 游

游
üȻСС飬ûǰλˡҲѪֻܴ, ȥԵʮϡ
߹, Żɫ, ȴʮĴ﷨¶ӡǳл֮֡

ĸϢ¼޻֮, ĸҶ߶, ΪϢ, ҲҪڡ

, ĸ׵ļˡ
ϴЦ, к䡣겻Ըļ, һĻĻ١ǸŮǿ̶ģ񶼳Թޡ
µСԺĶҲûһ

ͽһĬĬؿţΪɳ
һ, Եʾɢʲôˣ

ǰȻˣʵ𾴣ֻľȻվþˣǰ˱
أԳعϥǹȥ𣿡
ԱߵҪлԹŻߵ֮𣿡
һʶʱ񣬵ʱ˵أȥ

ڴʱ˵л
ԭл쳾˻
߼΢΢ͷл

л쳾ֵϢүӡ벻䣬Ҳˡ
Ϣү̧ʾ⣬Ȼһӹл
л쳾Ҳƴǣ֮ʣϢүιкҪ£

˵䣬һۻ
Ϣүӽбһߣŵ˵ҲԵлӻԭŮϢ֮Ů
Ϣл쳾ü΢壬д£
ϢүǰҲЩŮ֪Ҫ¼޻ǰЩӣҵȷ֪ԭ֮Ѿ˫˫ȥ

ʵȻΪʡ
Ϥչˣ޳ġ
ϢүЩ˶ԣŮȻ˵úá
ǲҲϻػ

˵л쳾бˡ˵Ϣү˵Ⱞͽ̿࣬ǰ̽ˡ
л쳾˵ˡϢүһѾͷ
Ŀı㼫ΪȷҪڡ

л쳾˼֮£Ҳǻ¡Ѫ֮ԵӦϡȻˣ游ɡ
֪Σ϶ˡͷҲǿĶˡ
˵ҲʲʧֻѪʲô

Ǳɣ
Ҫ򵹣ͻȻ¥
գڼ³ǽϡгһҪͨ͢ơڱٻд˻Сλȳʾơһ䣬ȴ

ջУ˶ȥ
ֻһ忡ӻ¥ɫ԰ףࡣһϮɫٷɫ硣ϵ̤ɫѥȽ
һ磬д󲿷˶ϵá
һ

䣬ŲҡƬ֮󣬱йٲջΧ
ϢүӶǰȨɳˣ˾ٺ⣿
һԣั»һز

ļ˲죬̬ݣٸѲ죬λĪҪ֡
˶˵ʲôʱ򰡣Ѳ죡
֮ˣһл쳾һϢϢүӡ˭

£һִģ˽صȻϢүȿڣǱʼɡ»һʾ⡣
»ɫˣһ߲һߵϢүǰϢүӳʾơ

ң㣡ϢүһϵĿʱֳ˵ʲô
»ӲͷƤҲҿͷظϢүӳʾƣ
ϢүӺεݣݣл赡֮˵ͬһ屾ͲգȻҲûǰǻͷŴ˴ҴҸϵü͢

ûȻҲûơ
л쳾Ҳʮ𾪡͢Ϣңʮֽܡ
͢Ҫ֣ϢΪϢһΪѪֹӦҡ
˫һֱݻ
յһɣôӲˣ

ɵһɽ⵽ϢүǰǰֻǸͨͨͷӡ
ѵûƣüתͷ»ϣǾϣ
һãȻؿݵˣͷץظãʻ

Ҫ
ﶼðôһ仰
ǰִɽļˣӶľġ

»ͷðȴҲֻǰϢүӵһѺȥ
ϢүӴˣȻһݹءϾǸ飬ս
»ҪѺûа취
ֻ¿ô˰

ัѺߣǳͷ
ϢүӾߵʱĿ׶绢˵һõúܣ
ɫһ࣬ڣһҾأִѣá֡
ϢүûðɣЦȥ˻ؿĿ־η־㤡

˶˷ͣŻˣ͢գһ֧֡ҲΪġԼӣĪҪ¡̷ǰ۹
˵꣬˴ݶȥ
ˣųһڡ֣ã𾪡
ãҲŷӦŷ¡˾ûΪɣץϢһ峤Ϣүӣ
ӳŵһıӰ૵ģ˾໹ͷ

߼ջſڡǸ˵ӰǷɣʧڳ־ͷ
һ˲䣬Լ˵С¹ײҲˡ
ôһˣôð

ջ˿ʼ鷽֮£ƾ²⡣
л쳾Ҳüͷʮֲ⡣
Ϣүӱץ˸ãǳ͢Ϣһ¡л쳾ݣʵ˵ʲô

ֻöԻϢүӱϾ游鷳Ϊӡժ壬ͬöͷϣִ壬ǰϢңϢ֪ǡϢԻ˴
ӹ壬
л쳾ŵͷֱط

ʹͷ׼ͻȻ˺
վǸŮӡŮʶǺϧķӢ
ȭʩ񣬵ηˡ

ӢҲһ㶣ʶңҼǵôǰǲδ
ˡϴμӢ˾ࡣӢԼǰһʱ䲻ԲܶȴôҲǼġ
ʩ񣬵ΪԺʮ磬ҲԷעĪҪ֡

ƨĵòηϲЦտ⺢ӣлİͽ˵
˵䣬֣˵ռ䳡ϣǽһϲΪŮõˡ
ϲġ佱һͨҲܣ˵޶ֻۣøùЩ

ηס֣ϲʤǰһֱ˵ֵı£һֱ룬⵱ǺεӢ˲ŮӣһԶʤ󡣡
ʵʮ޸СС̫ˡ
ǵЦŻصηˣʵҵ

ηȴǣ֣÷ſúӣ֮󣬼ҷһֱֻ̾Ӵ˲֡ЩÿÿӹǧƴһѪ˷ѡҲСģÿÿǰ죬زϸ
Ӵָһ˲ᣬϣصؽֵȥȫᡣ͹ϧ˵Ӱѧգ㵢ˡ

ӹǱ˲ᣬҲʲ
Ҫƽķǿ̫ˡ
η飬Ŀ޷ϣԼְˡ

룬ȴҲǴЦηˡЩֱǺŵһƬģȥţȻ©ҾͲò鿴ˡ
ηȴ˲պáѽգұҲҷ˵ҲڣŰͰ͸ļ㣬ֲ֪˵ʲôˣ

Ｘ漸ּ٣ҲֻǺЦ÷˴ܳ
Ǵǰл쳾ǰ³ʱȷʵδӢˡ
Ӣסֱ֣˵ҪѧһҪ⽣ڡҪ˵ĸһ廹еʾ֮顣ֻĸ¼޻֮󣬱ǡ޽ȥҾдԳĸˡ

ĸߣб䡣
һ˼ң䵭Ļһ˸Ӵŵĸ
ѹеòǳǳЦĸһ̤վǿһٷĸҲǸпǧ˼ҹŵ磬ĸἰܰһݡ
ӯӯ°ݣӢЦҡͷ֮䣬꣬

Ӣίߵʱ򣬼ั»Ϣүһ˹ؽΡ
ﳱʪһɲݡżֻ롢档ϵʱ⼸ض»ܽС
ัĲǺ

ԱվףĿⶢԼЬ⣬һԲڹǰһḧ°ͣ˼
һัҴҸС˵ȫˣûзɫҪˡ
һεȹһ˵
ءһัؿڣǡ
֪һ˼ǣսƾԽ

Խ
ͷôȥ
ั˵ҲܹһӡΪһơүĻġ

޾ηԸǰˡ
»ͷۻʣҪǲأ
Ҳа취˵ϳȥϡΪѲڶ࣬ݣҲ˼֡

Ǹ⡣Ϣ̫үĻƤ
»һʣȻأ
г˵ȻΪһݺ񣬱Ǹ





52.     δȼϹ¶

ʮ£
ջ
òӦӢ, л쳾ǡ
ǳˣȴǲȥ͵ġ
˵ףǸŴ󻧵Ϣһ, ʲôϵ

³ǽεȥҵһ, Ÿոշֿȥ
ôҲЩȲȡ
֪Ů, ȶ£»̫ˡ

ŲΣһСũȴеĶĿ⡣
ũխ, ȥֵءȻȴĶ硣

һط, ȻԼ, ȻȤ
ڵرߣһƬҶⶹֱü, ûһӲݡѪɷӢ˲ᡣ
ⷭ, ȻȴĲҵôһط

³Ǳʮ, ֡
двԪ, ˶һ
ôһ, Ҳм¼ڲ᣿

в, ˲ᣬ³ΧԶֹһũԱҵࡣ
ֺ

Щ߽һ䡣
вأ涼ӡ

춼ˣôؼҰó, 䲻ͻȻһ
Ȼתŷվһϸ
ϸ⣬ȻԻ޵ĻҲ޲

΢Цŵţұ׷ѣϴ·ʱֺˣʵڱ治巽򡣡
ѽ˴⣿ԣɲˡٵģɱʲôˡ
룬˵ȽݣŸ

ֵ£Ҳƴǣݡ
һͨݣųͷ֮ࡣ࣬ʰõ롣
ͷ׵߽˹룬ȡһ鿴ֻıڶ޹ĺۼⷿӿǺЩͷˡ

˵ûм𣿡
ŽȼŽˡǰЩͷãӶûͷӲûǮΣֻʣһӡ
ˣҲʣôһ仰˶Ϊǳ

΢Ҽǵó͢ÿ궼֣ᷢڴˣ

Žã̾һ˵͢ǻ֣ᷢЩϵȵӣǷͳһֵ֡õЩ˶Ķٵ˼ңǰֻͨ֡

˵ߺ棬棺ְͨԷһ֣աصĸ˰ȴҲٲá

ü˵ҷʱﶼϺõĶ硣
˵űҲչ˵⼸öˡ˵Ů
ס

Űºãָ˸˵ЩʦǣԸɢֳ߼ۣƽʱôõӣʮǰЩӣ˵Ѹǲ֡ӣʮûжˡ

ʢЩУ˵ͷáһûܸϸʱ򡣡

߶߶ȴζӳ¡
һңȷʵǲԼɢġ
ڴǰֻƼҵʱԼҲԼ

ɢСʱķϣҲܺܺõľչˡЩδܴﵽʱճɡ

һ߲䣬ʦǼ𺦡
ߣɢּۣʦ۵λά֣

ԣϼŲĵĹ涨ֻ΢ʦֲŻɢ

ԣ͢ÿʱҲע
֪ʦϢү֣Ķǧ߲ʹá

ǻӣҲĶ٣ֲ
һʦݵıע

˶ѭĹ
ֻǴûЩɢô죿

Ϊֲĸߣǹٸ˰ء򲻵ֵɢֵ֣ͨ˰ա
ÿٸɹи࣬ҲԼ·

֣ȶ˽ɽ𢣬ȴǵײյѩ֮˪

Ű˵ϣΧȹϲ˲֣˵ùȹԿ档ҲǸ˼ҵĺӣ´ֲ赭ϿζѾôˣôԸһڡ
ǰ俴ǽһźֽֽд֡ǰϹ

ʲôָָǹ
æ˵ǳơö˼ҶСЩӣһҲ˼һ档ǾΪⳤƣϣ˳졣

ͷ棬ȴһ΢ôƼҲһ壬벻ƵӪ
Щ࣬Ķ˼ֻ

ʲôʦһϽԼֳκɢСƼΪ˻רŵļūѲ顣

ڳ֣Ҳѵġ
˼棬ͻȻʣţ˵ϧ𣿡
ʲôһãȻ

û˵
ʣӳأ
Щ˭˰죬˵ʹˣҲô塣Ҳʶ峤͵ر˿ǲϵඡ

ĬĬس棬õۣС
֪

Щ֣ʵɺϧӳÿ¼
Լûκ
䣬Ѳ˲Ϊ
ţˣǰδ

ŵȻԳ塣ͳǱ˲ᣬڣȥעء
Ӣ˺ϸκμ΢Сһӣ׼ȷλá
ҪҲѡ

֮壬ҹЪϧл쳾ĴͷĴ˶˲ᡣ
ɢϸ˲ļ¼ŪЩ֡
һȫ¼ڲᣬ©

͵ҶƬͬ֡οҶǴڵرߵСʯ
ǰǻйɽءȻڣֻ򵥵ؿһ֡
δȼϹ¶

ϧ˲ַɢȫԻ巢š
ûκ֪Щ

³ǣջ
ѾˣӢڴߣ˵ҽڼ˰һС֡ӴǸС۵ѽ˵ҲզͲϼأ
ϧϴˮ˵ɡڡСС

˵һ˵һӣӢϴš
ӢȲߴ٣Ҳϡϧǵ˵꣺еҩܡܡ֡
ţӢͷЧͷҲҪЩ

ϧ˵ɡɡ
Ӣ룬˵ǺƯмϢʱҽӶˡҲ֪˵ûСѽϧǼ壶ɵ䲻

һ˵Ϳʼ˵ⶼǺӣϢŵ硣ôĹŮ⼸ӾзͰ
⣬ĸ밲ָҪţôһ䡣
ƿţһΡ

㻹Ӣ𣿡
˵δ
Ӣֻ˵ðȻԳĸҲ֪⺢ӻ᲻֡ĸȥŵ磬ڻϥ³˲ٿࡣҿϢ˵̬ȣҲԸס

ϧοӣ˵áġǸúúúӡ
Ӣ˵֪Ůҵ˼תͷԸ壣ȥţ͹֪ĸס˼ǰ󣬻Ҫһɱúʲô¶
壴ӦһҪţѾվſڡ

Ӣ̸һ̸ֵ£һۿʱҲǣҲǡ
Ǻ̹Ȼظ˴ţΪ⡣
ѽӢ˵ŶûܵűߣúӣǻˡϢˣ

һʱҲ֪˵ʲô
Ƿ곡Ϸʮ֡ҪԴǶһĸʵӦԡֻʵֱ˵ûȥҲϢˡ

ҲҲáӢ˵˵˵
ǣŻҪߣϧЬӣЬЬ
Ӣæһַźϧĸ첲һֵЬӣߣȥԺȲ衣̸ЩǳӣǴϡ

˵꣬ȻϵֽȻһǳӡ
һգֱӾϧȻʮַæڻ·ϣΪӴһǳӡ

еķޣСʱϢ󣬱л쳾㡣ļУеһ𣬿ֲܶǳӡ

Ӣǣ֣ȥԺӡ
ĸ˾ڣӦûвٻҪ˵ҾͲ˰ɡǺȥǶ鲻Ӧ
ϧͷ¡¡ܡӡšš

ʼĴƺӳ󣬿ϧܸܲźϧԷӢ͵֣òףϧڰѻ˵ˡ
߻Ѿλͷ

лŽŵѡѡѡѵࡢࡢҡҡǡáġġ
İɣתͷӢĸȥԺӡ
ӢЦǣŻߡ
ͷһ£ϧδŷġ

Ӣ֣ˣëȻָǸϻӡ
¶ܻϧϵë
ȫ޶ĵЦڻĳɳδֹЦݵʵࡣ

ǲ֪ǰǰҼȢңҵӦʵǸ˵̫ѾûûˡҵòУΣ¡Ӣǰʻ
뵽ϧˣͰ׵ĳʧЦˡĸͬ죬Ǻã

Ӣ֣һ仰û˵꣬Ѿˡ
֣ͬЦ




53.     ֱ

ʮ£
ջĺԺ, ֦żյ
Ӣʯǰ£˷˲衣
ӢһСӽǳӰŵǰðŷӦ, Ǹġ

ֻЩ, ŴӢ˵Ժп, ⽣ѧʱ̸Գԡ
Щ˵üΪɣȴô㶡
ƽաЩʡ

δ̫˼顣
С, ļ, Ҫôǻ, Ҫôл쳾Զҳˣ˭ǻ᳴ӵģ

ѽӢһΪ, һ˵ﺢǶϲ, ѧˡŸء, ҲϲԵ, ͷȥ֪ˡ
ֺЦ, Ȥ

ΪӢἰ֮, ӢûСֻΪһӣ˵Ժ󰡣ҪҷһĸۡȵġҲĪҪżŮҼ, ǿһӵĴ¡
߶߶һλȰĳߡ

ҲȥС󣬴ûһλͬ˵
ϢүһףҲǸ߸ϣһ

ҹḧʱг
ҹҲ
ӢлҳҲ̸Ϣ֮¡

ĸװ̫档ġӢ˵ᰡһ˵죬ôҲ㸸ףЩˡ
估ͻȻʣĸĸĸ𣿡

Ӣ˼һ˵޸ϢҾͻزȥˡѰ취뿪Ƽң´ǽö㲻֪Ϣӣǲġ

һӷŽӺXζò˵֪
ǸŮˣôϳԼʧأ
һԹޡԹ޻Թ޻檣ԹЩĺӣȻԹ޽ҡ

һҹûἰ֮¡Ӣ裬һǳӡ
һеһ죬ҪֺãҲûκĿġ
еϲָо

գѶ
գȻн˷͵ҩл쳾ϧΪʦȻҪЩδŵ

Χ۵ںܶ࣬ȻҲ֡
˱۵ĿΧֻϧԲûжǰѱͨףϿˡһ֦㡱ĸ֡

˵ӡȻл赡
Ƿ̡

Ȼɨӹ̨ȴûмһ
ڵϢˣҲû

ڴ̯ӡ
Ϣ̫үһ˹ȻϳҲܼ򵥣ҪͷϷʦ
Ȼ˭ȥʦ㣿

Ȼ»û취ֻӲͷƤϢ̫үǿϳ
Ȼ󡭡˶˴ϡ

ֵһߣվڴ󣬰й۲졣
Ϣ̫үһը˷Σʱɫ
һòݣֳܲܵ֡ƾ˿Ц

Ϣ̫үһϣһĻ˵ʲô
ͬҪըƤ뿪³ǣϢҡ

磬սҶҪԷš
ҲӢ˸ͬл쳾뿪³ǣڡ

ʱڡ׷壬޸
лȶл쳾ȥ³ǣûû˻ᴳ޸

˫Ŀǰ¯ȴһɹɺ̡Ťǰüġ
ģԽԽǳ
л۾૵̫ˣ̫ˡ

¯ڵ˼ƺ뵽ʲôˡ
棡еӽǰ
л˵ץĶǿץסˣ
ǵæ棬ȷʵңʳݡӵѾԸץˡ

˵Żǵæһ˿йȻмֻ˶
лصͷ£¡
ǡʩˡ

лӣͨµİšһ·谵ҡ
ɫķźһһл赹۲ãڣҡ
İɽУһһŵġˡ
Ŀնǰһжȫ޷Ӧ

л赴Щˣһ˿Ц⡣漴˿ļֻ˽ȥһңɢӡ
ˣлΪϷãҲǲ׻һ
û˻Ӧ߸ߵ͵͵ػص

ÿһˣ¹һ
񣬶ҩˡ
ɿ֨֨л赱۾ŸǿԹŭͿ־塣
ָоָо૵

⣬л쳾Żڵӹ
Ҫǰ޸ݼл赵ġлȴδԱչΪɣл쳾ûټ

⵹Ҳʲôáصóıϸ
һ³֮УΪḻ
ǰѡһ֦㡱ıеһ͸˿ҡһͦ˼ĸ
ڴϣ̵ãͦˡ

Ͼ
˸һؾʦټ̴źȥϢҡ
ͬĻмั䡣

ϢҸŴլҲֻ˸Сš
˭ūԼ˵Ӷ񲢲ϵá
ִ񾭣ò̫ͷ

΢Ц˵˾һϢүӡ
˾ࣿǼū´һͨҺŰɡ
˵꣬Դһȥٲˡ

ſĵȺ򣬱ȴ̲סˡ
˵ⲻ԰ҵǰϢҲ񰡣
𣿡֪⡣

ŭ͢ÿϢҶϢүӲɮҲҪɣ
ţصͷ

ۿʱһһȥͷʼƫơ
ϢҴȴգа㿪ӭ͵˼

üͷһ壬鲢򵥡
ʣͷˣ
һһ˵֣̫ǡضˡ
͸ˣû

ʱϢңһڼͶź󣬴Ҳ²׷ס
˭Ҳûпŵ˼

ȻҪλء
ԭôȴǲ̫
³ǵ£ҶΪǰ͹ˡȻҲû֪ᡣϢ˲֪ʲô¡

ϢүһΪһƣͷץ˸ã˴һ
˭¶
Թۣһ߿һֱֹ

ڴʱгһţݸ䣬
ŶӹţչɤţʱҲʮ㡣Ϣ̫үϣһ³Ѳ֮ʣǰδƣʽǰ׽ִȻͷϸ룬ȴҲʧ֮顣

ԽԽԡ˵ʲô
Ȼźһڼ͸Ųԡ׽á롢

Ϣ̫ү֮󣬲гҪ١䲻ɷȴҲ֮顣Ӧܾǰһ˸֡Ŀɿڴ
ȻһֵĻűһڼͣ

仹Ҫȥʱ̽ͭ֨ѽһ򿪡
һӰվڱǰ
˾һֱ䣬һϸоɱ˵ǿҵԹŭ֮ȻҲ̲סһ

Ŀ絶ӣ˵һһۣһһ٣ү˵˵
ȫˣһҾأллϢүӿ
Χһġ
֪Ƿ滹дʲô
Ϣ̫үԣ¿Ķˡ

ô˵ջǽϢҵŶ
Ϣ̫үûֻһʱ֮󣬲ԼĳϢ棬ߡ

ȻˣҲ⡣
˵ףϢҺͳ͢͢Ϣҵ֣ϢҲ˳͢͡
ޣզģ
űӡŶģ¡

ڡ
ͷޣл쳾ȴ֡ǰѧŵսࡣ
Щˣӵܣӡ

ǽţҲѧֻͷ̽Եߴա
٣ȥ¶̨
Щӵܱ¶̨¹ǰϡɹӣڡ
ҲЦӯӯģ̫ܾ

л쳾ʼҷƵ
ܿȴҲԸ˿
ڻ⣬ʲôʲôʱл赵½ǲǴ¡

ҷƵżҲΪл쳾ЩСʳԼһ͸л쳾鰸ϡ
˵ЦСʳл쳾Ӳ⡣ɽл쳾Ҳ࿴һۡ
л쳾ĳգ͵ֹһοΪˮ

գ¶̨տԼ֡лϢⶫǸֻҪϢȻֿٳ졣
ôȻǻΪ

Ϊۡ
˼ɱȻá
ԣǲҪ޳˰ɡ

ɫϢ类ůеֶ˲չҶƬʵ˸
ȵرɣջϢһͷԱʯͷѹŵš

ţ
һֻдšԳԪ꣬ʦϼ˼ĽչҲڣ»ϲ񡭡

⾹Ȼһ顣
ġ
һţҲûһߡ

ʱɽ˵ʦ㣬˸һ
üͷ΢塣ǵӵԣһܡֵ

ڣֻкϧ˻ЩƱ˭ʲô
ʯףɽȥš
վȻһʮֵⶫˡ

ԣǸ
˷׷ͶĿ⡪ǲҪ밡æҲ𿪣

ݺʵӶҲΪ±˹Źֵ𿪡
ǸˣֻľƵһܡ

ʮָߴ󣬸ؽ
ûӡһ۾֪ʦ˭
֮İ׹¼Ŀܡ

һ
²۶˻ȥɵزŪܣⶫΪǾľƣʮֳء
ֲǰ׹£ԼҲҪҩ
Լܸʲô

һͷˮȴ˰ܣһ·ɽԽ룬Լķ䡣
ܸߴޱȱءһڵӰͷ󺹡

ͬʱ˾ࡣ
鷿ǽѩϸ塣ľͫһλ档
ڵĽɽԽ롣ܵĶϣһλεͭԿס
ֹ

ȵ뿪Ȼڿ˿ܶϵԿס
ժԿף˰죬ڿܵĶҵһסԿײȥһŤǿͷ­΢΢̧һ졣

˾࣬鷿
˿ڿ˫Ŀ֮ǰǾ֮СҲ˾ºÿ档

ʱ򣬻ܲ׵ͭԿšһȦһȦһȦ
ü𡪡⡭š̫˰ɡֶսܣսҲġ

Ȼֻǿ͵һ̧첲ȥ
žһϡ
һ𾪡

ͬ𾪵Ļо֮ͫǰļˡ
ֻ׷ǿָߴӣˤ黨衭һͳһƬ档
òӷȥ

ƺܳ˷ΧǿʧȥĿ꣬û׷
ܽȥһȥܾᡣ


վڷſڣеĿ
˸žͫӡ
ۼػΪŭ
⡭ѵûпһս

Ȼûп
˭óһƼʲôսܣ

ʵɣʦԽ̵ֻг͢ѧΪѸս˲սܡ
ȥļⶫ˵ˣûд

šһսȻܶ⣬ԼһƬǽ壬ȥ
ҵʱ̣ôܲѩϼ˪أ
쿪ʼꡣ
վСȥȴ򲻹ſڣȻ󱩴

С꽥մʪȹͷܳ
ڶֱֱӡ




54.     

ʮ£
ֱ, ǵһ͸
վ⣬ңңӡ֮ͫǰͷˮʪ, Ŷͷ
ǧԾ

, ܵһսҲʱơ
ʱ֮ڵԴ, û˶
Ѿȫʪ̽ſⶫⶫ޷ӦŴϵˮ, ֹ

һƬ, ֻýŲһߡ
Һ, Ҳ˲١Ȼôһôö
Ų, ԼĴˣҲȻˡһ̾, ڴӷҳһ׻ɾȹ, лϡ

, Ҳ֪, ܵ˫ʲôã
ͫԱ, Ҫصⷨԥһ£ֻͷ̼ʼֽʽ
̧ͷһۣվҲûС

ҹȸ˾ټһظ, ܵü죬󻹸»
ֱͨӽһ鷿
ȸ˾ܣһ߽׵Ķսܣ¹

°˼̼ʲʽ˵δʧ˶ѡ
͡ˣס
»Ҳסܿ췴Ӧʣ͸ˣ

Ŷﰡ
ܿ췴Ӧһ⣺ѡ˸ս׼Ķսܸ
һһ䣺׼󡣡
ȻҪõġ

󣡣ัһ䣺ɡù𣿡ǿǳ׼˾һƽʱǸ׻˾ĺġ
һʮˣܶսһ׼ܡ

ָָǽϾͫĻ档
УѾѣͷʪšӣܴĴ
ðɣȷʵ򲻹

ֱ񣬶塣
ั̾

ڣֻܸ̿С
ܵʹ÷ԭսмסҡɵͭԿײףֻҪšһȦͻս
һսܳʱ

ʱ֮󣬿ֹܻͣս
ʼ˼ÿÿ֣֮һһζսټϿ顢ޡ֣ʱҴҵعȥˡ
кüûȥҷƵ

ʱҷƵ
л쳾鰸ǰмɨ
һʢƺļл

л쳾ָᲦŨ̵ҶƬǳɫĻ˼Ӿ伮һʱ֮䣬û䡣
û

л쳾ʵûʲôÿ
ݣʹ״ӣҲ档
ʱ򣬵˷ϰѴȥ̡߸ɴʦָ㡣

л쳾䣬ƽزϲֵˡ
ȻǿҪһŮÿҷƵлϥ¡

ǣѾü첻ˡ
ʲô
ͻȻģл쳾ȥ

߳ҷƵʢĵʮʡîʱ̣̫Ѿ̽ͷߡ
л쳾ɽ·£ȥ״ӵľᡣ
Уģģ

Ҳǰȥҹʱ̡Ҳɽ·ϣǸˣı
л쳾һ·סΪŮӣľ棬лҵ˵Сݡ

סɽڵɽһСݰ
л쳾δ߽죬ǻת
ǰһ󣬾ͼ峿Ѥõϼǳɫһߴܶս

ǿܾƣľͷõĶˮϴľֻΪ˲׿ѡ
ؽ֮ʮ־ɡսʽ˽ʮơ
ʶл쳾һ۱㿴ϸп˾೬׼Ķսܡ

ĶҪ˾ŪӾܰ쵽ġ
Ͼ˾࣬׼ĿҲ

л쳾վһߣܶãʣӺδ
ʦ𣡡óһŲܵʽûʱ⼸챻˼ΣѾ֪ܵĶսΧ
ԾࡣǿʧĿ꣬׷򣬴վһߡ

ʦ𣡡л쳾㺹죬࣬˱ϼӳգһֹʶĿ֮С
л쳾Ŀⲻפð죬£˵˾ĳ׼ܣƽֻڲ䣬ڴˣ
ԡ׼ֺ޷Ӧ̹ȻǰЩĪյʱ֪;⼸շס

Īл쳾̧ۿǰĿܣǿҲľľؿⶫΪߴ󣬿˭һָ֮С
л쳾ü˾Ͼ͢˹֮ֻ±оġ
أл쳾в֡л쳾֮ΪءĶֻǲࡣ

ʣ⡭ܹ𣿡
л쳾ƿһȦ˼˾һĵ֮һڸ䶯Ϊӣάף˾಻ϳۡ⽣Ҫһ𡣡

룬ɿϧʯһԾΪɣܾ
ڵ
ʯ˵û󡣻Ƽҳ֣ʦУСһӯʯҲʮ򡣾⻹Ҫȥ˵Ŀ

𾪣˾࣬ȸ˾
һսܡⶫ쳣һҲɡͼ׾ȫҲʣ࣬ȻʱȴҲ
һָ˽һ߲ʱǽϡǽϵľͫ档һǵл赵յƬΡ
⻭ЩԶڵĶ֮Ŀ¼ö࣬Ҳ

һ棬𳬼׼ܡ
л쳾ܵĽͣһ⡣

һηǿܣ˲ԭҵΪ
˹֮һһԵ͸Լδ⡭
δ⡭

ƴ֡ĸ֣ڻתȦĳԪ꣬ҪǴʯǰףγ²ɰ
ип

л쳾ȴֵ࣬ߣ֮˲Ȼ˻ȥΪ׵
ˣһʵ֮ǰ֪ļֵȻǸж֪ˣˣʯ򲻵Ķ
һӣܼôʯ
ܼ

ü𣬶ʱʮ־ᡣ
л쳾״ΪڵӣӦ˾ܡܳ˵һֻ²ܹΪŮӣ޹»˷顣
һ͵һĽ޷ֻװס

ֻõӻҵ˻ء
л쳾һֵȰ£ԻڡָܴȻ㣬ʽ·Ͼ塣һ;ٳ֮ܵ侫衣

ѵĵؽͣȻǰʮֹڻ
ιأָᲢۣ

˾࣬ȸ˾
ɫͬǣл쳾һ仰
л쳾ŵǱУⱾǺ¡ҷƵšԶ㳨
仰л쳾֮ڣǹǳ谮ˡ

ҲãεǴЦ⣺ʦӵĺãӶ֪ġͷܣ֪л쳾˼
ǲˡ
ԣٲᣬҲֻǵ˾࣬˻ء

л쳾һٶȿܡ
˵ԼԴʱĵӺζ

Ȼˣ˵壬ͷ֮ͫļ˿ɾ˵ˡ
һͷڶ𣬿ܸǰл쳾ǽܵ˵ӡ
ҷƵŻԶ㳨仰ᡣ
ߣ޳֮

գȻյڵš
дüΪٷȻл쳾֮֡вԼ˵Ĺػʾ˸л֪ܹڹأ˲ɣֻ˻ء
ԭơ

˽Ŵһţֶ¯

Ǿɣ

գ˴ϾһݺϧʹһǧʯĴͷֱɱڡ
ʱܽⶫϾҪ˻˾ˡ˵Ҫһá
ʯһҲǹ

ܴòֺ䲻еܽŴʦ㣡ǰȥҷƵ
̫ܵԵʮʧ񡣻ҲƽϣܵĹΧʣ£
ǵӼһ磬˾һš˺񣡡˵գһǿܣ˵һ¡

񣿣Ƹȥ롣ĬĬػȹǰҷƵ
Уȴ޳
ֲʲôһĳԻˡ

л쳾ԸͬߣΪʦߣѧգ
һҪǱѧգȻҲܵȵá
Ȼһ𸴡

߽̾ҷƵ治л쳾͵һһ¶лҲˡ
֮˾˿
ֻù£ӻ桢ʦ𡣡

лɫѣ֪Ϊʲôܵزϲ
л쳾
תͷһ˸ˡ

ǺЦּˡ
ȡվл쳾ߣл쳾ѹβ׿ʡ

һĿŻһƳȥײϡ
类̣æƿ
л쳾㼫䲻ã

һſڣһ£Ҫѯʹ̹ϴ𸴡
ţ㲻Ҫװɣаţʱףܾ㣬ѹܾ㣬ֻ뿪ڡǺã
Խġ

˶һ٣˹ӣʣʰܶսΣ
һл쳾ɨһл赣أʱһͷˮ
⻹Ҫġֻõʽʮϸʵˡ֮ʵ

΢΢ףתл赺л쳾ʵʮ⡣桢лѵʯֵ𣿡
ʲô
øͿˡ

˶ԱߵĲյһڣ˵һţôһʯҲʵ΢λʲôԥأ
ˡ뽫ڣ


˲Ų裬л赺л쳾ɫΪѿ
¶Ӧ°ɣʯ˵಻࣬˵Ҳ١˾սܣٶ˾˾
Ӧɣڸࡣ˹֮װȷʵ˲²顣
ġ˾֪ģ֪»ڳǮ

ۼˣǼΪУλͷҲΪѡԭ͸õģ࣬ջأҲ˻ǰռˡ
л棬Ըɫࡣ

һһˬ
л쳾ˮβŵʯǴ¡αؼң
һԣЦһл˵ǣԺұ˹ǩԼ˺ÿ꣬˾˹άһΡ

ߵл쳾ǰӡ
лҲ᲻̻ӵġ˵仰ʱ򣬲֪Ϊʲôл쳾һ䡪ҷƵԶΪ㳨
Ȼأһ䣺ʦԵӵĺãӶ֪ġ
ߣˡ

лӣĿҪų𻨡
л赵ˣССܣҲֵʦڣֿ˻һۣԺҪʲô岻Ķڡ

Ա𱸣⣬̵ӽ̻塣
лֶ˵һһۣȥ
ȻҲöˣл쳾ֵȻ̶ǱҲˡлԶ͡

л쳾ѹ˵ˡ
ƤʵתԻһͣҲˡ
ҪӦ£л쳾ڵǰɱ͵úá

˲ͷˡ
ͿˣҷƵ
л쳾ҪͻضսܣͺƤܹӲʩΪɣл쳾лܡ
񣬻ܰѳɱ̻ȥ
δʦС

ʱͬлС
ƽ˵ϽãôҲȥƫգһ̸ֽҲޡ
Ҳ֡Ҫ˵л쳾Ҳǰ˰Ӧòǡ
Ϊ᣿




55.  Ƽ   һƼ뻯

ʮ£Ƽ
ڻʯ, սܡ
л쳾Ȼϲ˵ȴ˾ȴǺøΪ㡣лܳ彫ܰᵽ䳡Ӷ

ʱ, ҲΪ⡣
һܶѣϾкã
лܳ塢лҵ˶һ, Ҳʮֿۡ

űϾ˴Ǯܲһͭ
лܳվڿǰ, ԰ɡ
ȡͭԿףܶס˲ϣʮָȤԶԶΧۡ

ʯ˭
Ҳа

ż, šͭԿסתһȦ, ʲӦ, תһȦ, תһȦ
Īǻˣ仰һڣǿһȭӦ
һ, ֻǰð, , ܵĵڶȭѾŻ

лܳлұȭһɨ, Ҳǻһ, ɿһߡ
ͱܡ׷
лܳʱ۶ۣ齥̡

ܳУȻʮ־ܵķֽ⡣ǰӲ
Ͼл쳾Ĵӣζ֮ҲʼͿܶСܾȻܺģ
Χ΢ȥ, ӿ񣬲˵
лܳ嶢䳡ʯ»ò̫ԩ

ҷƵл쳾Դڹ
ҷƵԺиС䳡רŹڿá
л쳾Աߵʯǰǰһյ裬﷭һϵĽס

ڳĽȻԵͩҶƮɡ
л쳾ż̧ͷҶ绨轣ׯҡ

ȡֽʣԱպīҪ佣Ȼȴɻ
ǰͼעһһʽ̬֮
л쳾ͩҶɢɻΨмȱ轣֮ˡ

ϾΪʦ˽»Ů֮Сȥ˻β룿
īˣǲɼ
̧ͷɢͩҶƮ㣬ִ衣Ƭ徲õĹ

лܳʱ򣬱㿴һ档
䳡Сƽڶ˶һͩⰻȻ£轣л쳾ڳʯߣղյעӳС

续ⳡô컡
Ȼлܳл쳾Ʒл쳾ԼΨһŮֻ¶֮顣ֱڣ
л쳾ޱ飬ȻвյɫĲȴһ˿

²յźۼϵ࣬ʣʲô£
лܳʩͬҲսܡ
л쳾һʣΣ

лܳأֵ
л쳾΢üлܳ˵սȣ׵ս˽ãҪ˶սҼɹͰ֮ʺϳӡҿϵĻԼãһһԹ֪

ԥƬ̣ճһȷвŻӵĶսܣҲѹ⼸꣬˾׵Ѹ͡
л쳾վֽĵһšָɿֽҳ촷ۣɢ
ȥ߳ҷƵȴ

ӦһлܳɨһĽУֻл쳾ȷʵա
˵ףȡյͷл쳾⿴ЩƺҲ޿ɺǡ

䳡ϣл쳾ܶս
ȻǿҲסΪܿһʹƣ޷ʩչ
˵Ϊ˾ⳬ׼ܣʵڲһ
׷Ӧͣһʱ֮䣬˾Ҳʲ˲

л쳾һܶսһɵսȼǿܱûΪʽٶӦ䣬ϱСһ㡣
ŵһɴ˿޽Ʈݣʽ֮㣬Ღأʹܿȥʮֱشɵ

ӷе𶯣˿̱Լƽ
л쳾ڶսֱšԿףսѶȴӱңףսȫԹǷ·֮£Ʈ֮ѩ

еӶ˵˾ҲǰŪǿЦ
һӷ׷׸͡

ܹԽԽ죬ȷʵλŵһƥСл쳾δƷ罫ս䳡һǡ
ǿʧĿֻ꣬ôվ
л쳾ֱ°ѩ䣺˿ս޿Ц֮

һڵ˲䰲л쳾ɨˣһֱעСʵ֮ģǿԲᳫܶս˾͢ڷෲ˳ʵ֮ʡ˶սܣܹѸвԽս˾ȷбҪ

۶֣Ҳ̹ƫУͬӦб˼룬Ĵ澴ηӡ

̻壬ġЦݣȻ
л쳾ŵͷֿѰҶֵĿܣȻлܳٹʮ꣬˾սʮֿɹۡ
лܳͷ˵ǣǿܡ

л쳾˵һǰкøСֻҪڣ˵
Ҫл쳾ܾ
лܳһͷˮܿ죬ҲӦ˵ҲǡڣһŮӳҪĵ˼ǲˡ

л쳾ἰ£ֻǵܼȻѾ룬ĪҪáټµӣŶսв㣬ҲҪʱ˾˴ɨһǸߴļһȻ﹫ȴڲ졣
лܳǷǡ

⼸գûܼܡ
ÿﶼҷƵл쳾ÿգϤָ㡣һʦͽò飬ʹʲôҥԡ
л쳾ûС

л쳾԰л£һֱ֮λûκƷ覴õԡ
ôһˣ߽£ʲô˽أ
ԣһ糣

ֻл쳾Լ֪
ʱ֣ǻ뿪ġ
֮ҷƵ㶼˳Ĭл쳾ֽʣ֮ͷԼµĻͩҶ䣬ɢɻ
轣ˡ

ڻǽ˻˼ȴɶԡĽȥȻ˼ǰΣȴֻǾսԼĴ﷨
ҷƵ䳡ǿվڽ

ʱѾɢȥټ䳡ֻվ
ȻҷƵһյĽѾ̫ࡣټϱϾҲûôƣ롣
ΪڵһɲϢ

ǰšͭԿףǰѡһ֦㡱ıͬս
ɽлܳɴ˾פۡѾͷΪù
벻ס

ֱ֣ա
ʵֲȰÿһ춼ѧüΪʹ࣬ҧгݣȴи
ǡʲôĿıиһ

˾ࡣ
ʯûʹôͷԵϾѾҹ
ǧʯĴͷ˲Ҫ֮ʱҲûġ

ʱ˾࣬ԱѾɢã˾ֵֻҹ
æһ죬Щƣ롣ϴ˸裬˯ȻѪıʣϢŲɽִ
żСsһ£泩

ͻڣ˽ҪϢʱһ۾ͫ
䳡ϣȻ͸з¡ĻԹ⣬Կ
ûĹߣֻҲǲġ

ڣܶս
ܵսǱȣ˺ЩӣȻҲܸģ

˿һ󣬺̾Ϣͷ
»һװֿһ۾ͫ̾һһ·׻˾һܣʼս
Ѫ߶֮ϽֳɫơŻɫĶ

գ»ʱͼԼҼѾһ
˿һ¶ͷ»Ѿͷ߶
߶ѪиѪʲôģֻ¾Ҫɥ

׻˾Ĳ磬Ȼйְͨ۱Ͼǲͬġ
˾ڸ˶սСܺܶ࣬׻˾ټҲ׼ʼһѵ
䳡ϣ絽ĲǿʼܵĶ

ЩܵʽԼ򵥺·л쳾˵òЩˣǲûʱ
ʵ֣̫ңԶ

Щ٣ֻҪӵһ֣ټϻķܹ±á
ЩսܵʽȻ򵥴ֱȴʵá

Ավһһ߲һ߿²
׻˾ټ̸һжȻ

ңԶȼһŽ죬̫˺ϼƲ̽
ԡϼ⣬˼ȴǧ֮ڡ
֪˿ЪûС

ó䲻˵ѽϣôˣ
һͿϴˡǵ׸سѸߣͷף塣ڣĳֱҪĽŲ

Ǵʲô磬ϴ˾ȻԵšһﲻ䲻ȡֻϣʦ˾һ£һֱʮַԡ
ʮˣһֱ˾಻˳ۡ
ƽƵƵ˾öȣһҲʮֵĲԸ

ʱϻӺĲǣҲһ˵ձδٳҲ볯顣ͬ飬ɲֻˣ
ΪһȻҲǳ͢ԱȴӲϳ

һҲ⣬ʦΪ޽ԲųԪ
ӳԪ꿪ʼͳԲٳ
˾˵͢ȴţûʱ䴦֮¡˾ֻ˾ټһϳ

ƽʱҲ볯͢Խӡ
˰ˣͻ
ûԸͬ򽻵

ȻҲ⣬ŵոһҪ˾ЭƲԸٱԹ߼
˵䣬ȡŵݸһ
һϸϸһüͷ壬Ҳ˲֪˰Ϊѡ

ⵤޣܲ͢˾ӣ
ԵüΪϣ˵͢ľ㲢ǲ֪ɣ˾һȺɲ֮ˣ飬벻һӣֻ֮ܲһʣµģҪ˾Լ취

һﻹû˵Ͻֵ˵۳һܣʯÿΪ˳Ϊӣǡ
˵꣬ת뿪

Ҳ̫˰ɣ̸治ŭµּ⣬ƾʲô
ˡһס
̸ˣҲŭˣЩ곯͢һŲ˾ӣǺ˼
һˡ

ϴ߳˾࣬ĳæϣҪȴƿ
һֱȵ˾ĴţϷһ
ĳæηͷŻתͷֿһ˾ͷ૵úõһȺˣҪʲôɡͷɲģèֻ˽ɽ񡣡

ϽΣ˵ʵЩ꣬Ҳס͢Ǯ²ȥ˾ڶ˵˽լûһ
㵹ǻ˵

ǳЦһЦˣС˸ʱսȣ겻ˡʮǰɼ˸οϱ˼Ϊһ˫ȡ
ϵһ˵£ʣȣ

ǳ˵ǡǰСҲŽɣȷʵްʵʱļ겻ʮ塣СȫһֱĶ£ЩСҸңżЩ棬ܿЩĺô

ϳ̾һ˵Ҫ˵ϷҲ޳ԹЩ곯͢Ҳ˿ֻۣʵ衣ּ۸ս߰ײӲùͷЩ˭룿
ǳ˵£СȻ֪ġ

һֿ˾һۣ˵ʵ޷֮ʣ벦ɡ
̾ģ˸塣

ȻһҲδ
ֻǴգԶʮΪɡɽٳɹΪɣӳ͢Աźѣ˸顣
յһͷˮλһֱסڹᣬ¼ҹһʲôӣʮꣿ

Уʮʲô٣

ݺ棬ϲ죬һǷ׷׸
ˣȻٲ˵ġ
ҲǷˣڿ༸䡣Ҷͷˣܵ

Ժ˶ѧˣҲʮַ
ϣ˺Ŀ⣬ڽĶӴǰ
һ̵ֻӡ

ӻʳԵðװ֡
ΪӳҲιһЩ鵤׳ɫԽޡ
ǰ͵Ļܴʣǡӣܼ֮򵥡Ļó

˲˵ɶӡ
ȴҲ˵ʲô

Ÿɶӣ˵ιһЩ鵤Ĵ԰ڣ˳
˳ҲֻͷԷ
ڴʱ»ָƣ˵⡭

˵ͷֻнӼӼΪһֻ̳ȹߵ̴̶ꡣ
̣ȴᡣ
˵ͷӣ֪䣬ס˺
͸ëë棬һƼ뻯




56.  ۽   ôôأ

ʮ£۽
һ￪ʼȸ˾, Ƴ
ⵤҩ漰ݣ۰ޱȡ˾յĲֻɡ
ΪѺ͹, ֹ

ʵ͢ǲԱԱһֱ΢ǡ
Ͼ, ˲, мõģ˵ˣѪ֮Ȼأʾ޴ĿϿסġ

ϵۿŻӡŮк, Ҵ׻ˮһȥ, ܲǷߣ
, Ƕ˾ҲʮƲϡ˾ʱһ, вû֮ˡ
ʦؽƸ»ͱ䣬, ȴҲղ롣

ѡε˼, ȫǷ, ͨŵĲ۲
Щʲôս
а, ǳȥҲǰװ

, û˿ʲô˾ࡣ
ϸҧסÿһǮ˾Ҫڵ졣

һ֮ĵһ£սܡ
˸߰ɱʱ󻩣һ޳ɡ

һ, һСһëǮҲ
գ˾಻ϧδճɣǰǿһܡΪˣšûٲ

⼸˾սȷʵѸ١
ЩȻܸᲢۣһЩСŵʵҲĪ
СаСңǴŷܹ

Щ£ֻбڣɳǳ
⼸꿪ʼҲ˾ĺô
ڵӱϾæҪҪʵʱʱնħ͢һ͢ϰڹɽһ׿ٶӦ԰취

ٿɱɳ׶ˡ
˾ദЩ£ٿ죬ѡ

ǰ꣬ţϹ˰ӻһЩңҲѳ͢
統ʱϢңһֱ߸ϡ͢ҪͬǴ򽻵Ǳϥ
˾սת

˾ڻãǱϾʱޣʹޡ
λϳȻļ١
Ϊˣ˾ʵһֱȱǮ޴ȴЧ΢ӴãԹصΪ֮

˾ټӣܴ˿λεѩЦŵ˾һͷ̽ޣѪǶսܵġ¹ӯո㰡

ϸ㣬ЩûܳңҲΪ⡣
ڵǹ¹ϴô˵ϴΡ

ͷ˾඼֮ˣ֮˲ӦòȾƫƫҲҪǮ󲦿ûͣ˾༴ɣҲǴΰ˼Ī޳ɣ

ƱǸĺӣʱɨһ飬ˣĻԭ¼ڲᡣ泤Ľһתʱ¡

һȻӣΪá
æϣֻЦҲñ֪һף޳ɡ޳ʲôţ

һתٻҪ£״˻ɡ
һֱȵϣŽһ·ⷿ

ⷿһҲڲ鿴˱
ƴʱžɫ
һһ˵̣˵ⳤ˾޴󣬼ʵӦٸĥһĥ˾ǷծԹۣҲǸ취

һַһҳ˱˵֪Ѫһ£Ѿ͢˽ǣҪƳҲѹż
ѪѵʲôöĻ˾ֻǹ˸ˣһǮ

һ˵ˣѶҪȥǰԹɣ
Ƴ̾һ˵ô¹ٱ㽫ǰڶҸʯͼ˸ɶʮһ֮ˣ

һüҪһ򡭡һԥ۰ɡ
ôһ仰Ѿ㹻ƾ档

һˣС
֮⣬ǮƣŮɫ
˽լҲûһһֱסڵĹСҲһнٺһֱϣû

ͻȻҪ֮Ǯƣô
Ƶǣ߹𣿡
˭ϣһȴ˽ˡ
ƴΪ𾪡

ʱմҴңһ죬ڵĶսҪάӡ
лܳǰ˾ȥšϾʯļһҪϧ
һ磬еӱԷܲɾ

Ѿϰ߰ϡһ㰮ϧ
һͬһλʦ֣κʱֻšԿףͲ䷳ͬЩŵӶսд衣ʱˣҽҲ˸顣
ÿÿк

ȵ͹ӱһͬȴ˾˹ά
˭Ҳ֪ǵȵ˭

һɫٷϵɫɽ֮ʱ˶Ŀ졣
лܳԭɸӽӦһ£ֻôҴǰȥɽţӭӡ
Ŵɣǵܵġ

ŵһʱĿʮֹ졣
άһܣһﾹȻǰ
Ҫᰡлֹܳ

һ̹Ȼ·䳡Ӵ﷨ͳֵֹĹߣܵǴ򿪡
սʹʯͷ︴ޱȡ

ŵ⡰ʦ֡ദ˰࣬ܲ¬ɽĿ
ʶһȺӶΧƸ֡

׼һĸֻ󡢳ֵȣ̲ס̫Ѩ


Χżˣ˶Ϥơ
ܽгҲҪ󻬣һЩĥĹؽڻ޸͸޴ĿܵͷվԵʮֹ˳

һԣлܳΧʮֲáһûмӡ
ûϡҲ뿴

޷꣬Ҳѧ
ĶȻǳǵⷶ롣

ǽ󣡡еָһĵķ󣬵
Ӻ޲ðճȥһʱ֮䣬̾
⻹ǡе㶪ˡе㡭𺳡лܳ̾

Ӻγ룿
ǰ˾࣬ĻᵱſֻòһȺ۰ˡ
ܣȻ̾侪ɣҲǸ񿴼ﹹ죬ڵĦ

ԭЩ䡢ģôã
һȺŵӱĴš

˲ֹ˵Χۣһ߲ܣһ˵ÿռලɣ
ʲôлܳðŷӦȻͬԼ˵
˴˿̣лܳҲ˼ָζͻȻ뵽л쳾Ǹʡη

ţ˵Ļηˡ
˵˫۾ΪǸΪͫȻڵĶ֮Ŀɡ΢ֻҪôٵһʯ

лܳڵʱûв⽫Ǹӡ
ʣֱӽ֮Ŀװ˫ͫ
˵Ȼ˾˶Ҫָ񲻵ɺüȥã

⻰ǳ
лܳ˵ʯ
һָлܳ循һ򣿡

ڲڡæοһǧ򼴿ɡ
ܼۣܵһǧҲǲܽܡ
лܳ˵Ҫ棬Ƕᡣ
Ӧ˲ߴ٣ȵá

л֪ܳһһ˲ףʵˡֻôҴҸҷƵл쳾ʾ
ڴʱһ·˵壬׼ȥ¶̨
ÿҲסҷƵ¶̨һߡ

䳡ʱԶ㿴ǿΧһˡ
Ҳûô֡ȤҲż
һ۾ͿϤۡ

վ֮󣬿óһһ֮㲿Ļҳ
һůϲȻ

սܣѲװءЩθӣö࿴һۡ
ˣ⽣Ƿд룿Աеָſؿڵķͼʡ
ҲرܣȻκνʽֻҪذ֮УܾСָָǿذ塣

ӶʱȤʣô˵ʦֻѧϰµĽУ
˵ͷô˵ذֻͬʱʮƬҲ˵عͷؿȺ֮վһϤˡ

ǳɫͷ߸𡣵һһ۾Ϳķһ޵ɺ
类ҫͷ泩֣뿴βǰ
ǼΧĵӣվߡ뿴ܣȴ뿴ܵˡ

͵һ֮Ļʵ٣Ҳٿ٩٩̸ģ
˿̣ĶϸµؽܵĹؽνᡢʯȵȡ
ϸģʦѡ

Աеʣˣҡ𣿡
˵Ȼ
óһλãϻԵۡ˿ݵϡȴӡעӻ˿ۡǡ

ץһڵӣڶԷϲ˲˫֡
ˣ

һڵӿʼشڵĲΧһƬ֮̾
עǰĻĿǳ΢ЦӦĿ⣬̫໰˵ٵߣֹԡ
Ŀ֮£ֻܿ룬ҪЩҲǲܡ

˱ϾǶǡ
˵˵»Щܿڸ֡˵˻Ƽң֪ǷҪιΪһ

䣬ָ΢Ĵ﷨ȻʮϡС
ָʩһܳǰ𳬼׼սܣҪСһЩһ˵Ρ
˵ڸ֣ࡣ

뵥˵ڵдһũȥһԹãΣ
˾⣬΢Ц￪ڣвӦġ

˵䣬ͳһѰԿףұߵĶߣڿܶһ
ǿ̧ͷʶһ㣬ߡ
ԭⶫԼߡ˲뵽˵һôҵġ

һǰһһ·ϵ¶̨
ǿܸ߾Ȼʮ
ӻ䳡оսܣ˸

¶ֳ̨Ƽãũ̵һƬ
˵ܸأָܳʯһûô࡭
˵Żعһơ

Уһֻ̳ȹߵ̴̶ȶųŻ˼Ȧͣޱߡ
ʲô⣬ȥ̴̶䵽ģת˸Ȧ

˵ڼǰΪٰʮ硣
ɶӣֳôĶȻ˵ˡð죬ͻȻӦжٵǰ⣬Īֻӣ

һûлش𣬻Ϊˡ
̴̶ԣʱһġɻصһģһ죬סͷҲˡ
㵣öˣĻ˵üΪСֻʣΡ
һ˵ͷ

üëһ˵ҷƴɡֻԵһɫ뵱ѽſϣһ۾Ϳֱһ

ߵһߣյߣж꣬С˵ҿϲˣֹÿʱҶ

̴̶ſ򣬿ĵᣬַɵޱߣز
Ȼⶫһֻӻ߶ӣҲǾסİ

ָ⣬ͣ
ƯѽǲܿģԻܹ
̴̶ʹ䡪һ̣ɰˡ

Ȼǵĳƭ
ָһ·¶رߣһʯͷ¡һͬ˵

һûдֻǴӴ﷨ﱧһֵֽݹȥ
ʲôӹһװһ۽ӡ

˵Ͼһ۽̣رҽճ֮ʱǡ·Щ
ЦݽȡһŹӣŽ
ζ͹ɢȴһ

ϲ𣿡һʡ
ҡҡͷΪ

Ҳ⣬ʼԼĿܡ
Ǹսܣƺ»æ͵һЩƬ¼ʽл赡Ҫսʤ˽ʽбҪ

֣ǿܱߡ˵Ƭһ᲻ʱ͹ɽ䳡Ŀڶ࣬ҲòϼءԷ¶̨ÿʱιжսƽʱЩ򵥵ũҲǿԣ̫ܲ
˵üЩھΡ

Ϊ£ûжľѿܡ
Ŀǰܸļˡ
˵㲻õģƬԼԹϰꡣ֮Ҷ취

棬ɻʵû
ֺһ۽ӣ̴̶ֻޱ߲ΡΡƱʯ黨ֻۣǰˡ
⹷ôôأ
ô죬㵽֣




57.  ׳   ׳

ʮ£׳
Ȼ֪ǰŮӵ뷨, ܵ;ȥ֡
ͰӰ¶ˮǰȥء
Ȼж, ˼֮ʱдֽš

ּһ, һͰ͵ֽдţϴ, ʳʡ˼֮񡭡
⾹Ȼһ飡

ԽԽᣬһ̧ͷæѧСʦء
š˲ɫؽֽ´壬ӵһߡ
Ȼ򿪿ǰĸǰ, ȡذ, ˼һ, һСС޸ġ

¶̨Щʱлܳл쳾Ҳ䳡
޴ĿظԱ, вٵڹĦл쳾ɨһۣһ, 쿴лܳ塣лܳæʣڣ

æ˵ũĿ, Űǰ¶̨ˡ
仰һ, лܳͼл쳾ü΢塣
æ˵ǻƼҼ, ũܸȤҲ֡ȥ¶̨
Ȼл쳾ȴء

˵, ȶУԼ¶̨ȥˡ
лܳľ֡ʵŮӣŵŮ֮ҲƷϿл쳾ĵӣ̿࣬Ҳ
Ŷһ

ôһ, ŮʵҪ
ڽһ˵

л쳾ıδ̫ˡ
ҷƵҷƵ䳡һʹáǺ͵һȥ¶ֻ̨ÿܣڽˣ

лܳô룬ȻȻҲ˵ʲô
л쳾һ·ϵ¶̨֪ΪʲôɽܾмϤ

л쳾һ·ϣܿũߡֻڰ¶رߵʯͷϣﱧһֽеóСʳ
һȴǴſԸ֡

⻭汾ûʲôл쳾ȴðޱȡ
˵Ǹʲô

ԣæվʩʦ𡣡
л쳾һʶߵǰһҲšԿףͣŵһߡ˫մ࣬ǲŲæȥ¶رߡ
ϴ֣Żʩлþòһɺã

л쳾һĿһɨֽУ۽ӣɵԶǿͣÿæµԼһ߶Уʧ񣿡
Դ𱸣ֻõʦѵǣ֪ˡ

˲Ųæ˵Ȼô˵ˣô汾һְɡ
ü˼Һ

˹Ȼһ롣
л쳾ֻùȥΪÿܣ͵ԿֻҪҶףһ£Լˮݡ
ŻȥԿףܰ㡣

л쳾ۿ˼ֱǶĥģʱɫЩѿ
лܳˣҲ֡л쳾ɲǸϲŭɫ֮ˡ

л쳾߹ȥֱ۵ȻһƬȳϣǱܰɡ
ԹһЦֻЩҲáܱҲ谢ãɱҲߡСǮŶԣţһëǾðⲻףҲΪ£Σ

ԡ
Ȼл쳾һûнӻ
ֲɵϴεĿҪ˾ࡣ

ڼҲǿɷнµΪл쳾ܡȻˣֻũ;
л쳾һʣϴμʱѾҪ̼µĽҲգ
һлӢǹµĽ󣬿Խʽͼ͵˾ࡣΪµذ塣Լ۸񹫵

ԱߣлܳŽһĴˡ
̲סʣǱŽǶҪйܸ
⣬ȻҲ뵽˵Ҳṩհذ壬ֻҪɼѧϰ£Ȼл̡

Ȼܵл쳾ȻϲǰˣҲ֪˾ٿС
лֻܳʣǲ֪ذأ
һɨһۻǾҪ˭ѧˡߵǰ⺬Цɰǰ˾࣬˾ԣȻҲͲʲôÑˡ

һ̣л쳾ֻ뵱
ڻѹ˻ֻޱص֮ͽȻϻۣǰѧߣȻˡ
Ǿ̫ϧˡһźǱˣһǧʯɣذǾ͸ˡһƬʮʯɡ

л쳾һôԼǰ䳡޸ˡ
̬л쳾ôһ˶ԣѾˡ
ƫҲںתиˡ

ʲô취ֻû롣
޼䣬̴̶ԥڻߣ־л쳾ŵһɵֻССĳӿԽܵġ

룬ǷɻصһͷһҲ漴¶̨
ۿʧڳסл쳾˾ϾбԺ󲻵׼һ档
⻰һлܳҲһ

˾϶ڴˣ
˻һֻۣҲʮֲ⡣
л쳾γ֪Թ
ǲϲһˣϲ֮

ԣҲ׼ջطŵĻֻǵŪ֣̻ҷƵ
ԭҲռⶫ
ͷЦȴԹ

л쳾תҲ¶̨
лܳ󣬼л˵ȴûгڡ˼˾֮ԣЦŵȻᣬҲҪġպ˵ûҪָЩֺα

һ仰Ĵ̽
л쳾ȴԻӦֻǵպһţԽӴ֮Уߡ
ʮֲˡлܳæǡ

壬䳡
һｫ߳׼װãΪڵĶ֮Ŀл赡л쳾лܳ˱ʱ۲Ƿ㲻١

һһҲ
ȻȴҲûа취ֻþʹ뿪

лܳ彥Щġ
ƽزҷƵΪл쳾ʦܣ˹ϵֺãӲ
һգⲻͨڡ

ֻڵСС䳡轣л쳾ڳߵʯǰǿ飬żҲῴС
лܳ忴Ƿ죬л쳾ˣʵʮ
л֮лԪ棬ʹҲǻڿΪ硣
лԪֵһ޶

лܳ˼ȥ־ûԼġ
Ͼл쳾ʲô˼ɫûм
Ȼò˫Ͼ״ӡ
һΪʦΪĵܲ᲻

Եʲô˼Ϊͽֱ뷿вˣ
ҲûнֹȢһ˵

ôһ룬лܳ
챣ӣڿʲôʦͽ֮¡οл쳾

ãл쳾Ȼɳ˵ǰ˾ѧϰذĻ̡
ָԼĵлҺлܳĴл

˾ࡣ
ȸ˾ټ潫˰ѧȴһ
ľȻǻ

ั»һۿԼҼ˼Ҳ̲סȰ˵ǲͬлϾˣ
ߡһἰˣᡣ
»ֻȰϲ֪ĴĸĸѾˣϢү游Ѿǵˡڰ֮ףûʲô飬Ҳˡ

ϸϸԼҼлǰĵմʦ𡣰ѧգ˸Ҳ֮ԣҲѹлӴ
ȻвޣҲ

˵֮õΣ
ัоˣ˵¹£мһȢףҲͬ⡣Ǻ²úĥҪЩģлֺá㰢ɣѵʦ֮Ͳʦ˲ɣʱлԣҲ

ҲǡΪȻǱˡ
ั棬ҲΪοɵӹѧҲ˸Ǻ¡

ҲȰο˾൹ҲûΪлҺл
ȸ˾ѧȻֻѧϰذ壬ȴҲǴ۽硣

ڣҷƵ
ʱл쳾鰸ߣһͼҲûʩֻװ˵ˮȥͷ
л쳾ûоܾʵϣϲǡ

껨Ϊһյ衣
л쳾òƻŽͼȻȴеעŵֱߣɶһڡ
ҪóķΪɨ鷿ͻȻ˵Ĳսˡ

𣿡⡣
ޣ֪Ϊл쳾˶յ衣
л쳾δ޹һ䡣
Ӳ輼δ䡣ǳЦʦľˡ

𣿡л쳾ûпϲô˵һĹ֮¡˵֡ա³㻹Щʲô
Ҫ˽

ƮƮһ˵ʵżҲһ֧衣ֻ輼׾ӣʦЦ
裿л쳾㵣漴ʣ裿
ϰ꣬˵ǽ裬Ǳ㲻Ϊ档

ϣ˵ز
زл쳾ס䱻ۣ֮ҲͨɡزϾΪеÿÿ輧裬ˮˮ

΢Ц׷ʣʦҪ𣿡
л쳾֪ԼãĵӣйŮһңŮΪԼ裿
Լǳǳش𣺡ɡ

֣ϵһ˿ڡ
ƺ˵ɵӲûкʵ¡л쳾ǳǳЦʦΪΪѰһɣ
л쳾ȻܡĻ֮Ѵɡ

Եͷȡֽֽ£ݸ
ӵУֽѾһȹл쳾ƮȻһݣȥ¡
˵Żһҡ

ոսʶá
ң֪
ǵһξʱлԪл쳾Ҫڲл赣С

Ȼл쳾Ҳü΢塣
ңô֪⴦ң
ܿ죬£
Ȼ֣ҷƵңӴδҪڣȴϤͺ񡭡ӳʦһ

л쳾Ϊ壬ԣȻס
㡭ΪʦҲϤɡγˣ·ǰԵδƼ
һ²ϼƮƮһʣֻƼпС
٣ɲ֪Ϊʲôĳ

һɲ򣬻л쳾γˣ
ٻˡ
Ц绨Ϊʦ衣ֻ֣ʧζҪͷʦˡ

زӣȻѲл쳾
л쳾ȡһѣȻ㱣ȴȥһز
ˮף鷿衣

鷿שڣīɼˡ
̤ϣӯӯһա
ȷʵ޹֧裬Ϊȡл쳾̹ʵ裬ʧܣܳɹ

һ꣬Ťţڵվ
Ҳϱ鲻ãţЦݡ
ξʱ

ʱűö࣬л쳾ʲôҲû˵
֮Уһ߹裬һơ

֪ϲϲⳡȻѡ֧ز
쳾˶Ѳ˰ɣ
ҪҲһ֧ˡ

ϴЦܽޡˮ
ȴػǳΡ
Ŀƣл쳾л쳾Ҳע鷿ɫҺڣֻȣл쳾ƿĿ⣬רĴѣȴ˼Ⱦɫ

ȵһˣƺ˼ɫڸˡ
˵꣬ϼƵ䣬Сҡ
л쳾³ѣܿϱ飬ȴѹеļ¶ڷһ˲䣬ҪӭȥҪӵ

Ȼһ뷨ܿ
ħ˿뵽ѩ߳ϸ뵽ζʡ뵽ЩðһС
޷ܡ

ǳɫĵӷȻǸɾ䣬ȻҲء
·𷽲ޱɫֻΡ
鰸ǰл쳾̧ۿסյȴδòŵȥҪҷƵˡ

ǿ
ɻʵ̫˽ɫˣ鶯֮ʱ־΢΢ơ
ǰŴĹģʣʦҪаٲݷĵӹ𣿡˵ŻĶͷƺҪ̽¶ȡ

л쳾类̣˲˦
æʦˡˣʦ˵һɣᷢȣǺͿ
޷л쳾ֱ۸Ϊʦȥɡ

ʦ˵ġ˵ĲҪ𣿡
ᣬƵǹػл쳾Ҳϰɫ
ǰ¶̨ÿòֵᡣֻǱʱڻУڰǰ

¡˵֣þ
ǵӸˡʦ𡭡뱣
˵꣬ˣת鷿

һֱȵŲȥԶл쳾˫ֱסͷ鰸ϡ
סҷƵκֻܵĵطӴ˱ϲ
⵱Ȼʲôʦͽ֮飬֪жѡȻҲ֪ʦͽ縸Ů׳档Ʋˡ

ǸˣǱֻ
Ӧֻ




58.     ʱָ˱

ʮ£

¶̨֮, ټһ
л쳾ֹǼ棬ÿεһѰ¹ҷƵȥ
ʱһ, ˶лǲԸ˾ܵġ

Ҳǿġ
˾͢, һֱͲԸ
л쳾ԸԼĵ볯͢ףǰװ׵Ϊʦ¡˵ͨ
˶Ϊû⡣

һ, ҷƵ
Ծں䳡л쳾վͩ£üʮֿ̿࣬Ϊȴ޴ΪΣ
ˡ

ͣ½, ˿
Ϊûд, Ϊһıսܡ
ǿܵذ, ̵ȫл赵ʽ

֪һռл֮ĽС
һֱƽЩУΪһ, Ȼ
˵ǵ츳ޣչ㻺˰ɡ

Щ, л쳾ǵǷڿ, , ЪһЪ
һ, 漴ʦɣ
裿л쳾ü΢
ǡʦΪһ, ȴδʦ轣ʦõӿ۽磬ɺã

ⲻʡ
ΪʦӦ֪𱰽ˡ
ԼҲá

˵գйâһĽĽգһ˲, 绪Ŀ
մ˽衣

ǵĻһ̿ѱԵ߻ءϧһ̣ϴЦб䡣

лܳʱ㿴һĻ
䳡ϣл쳾衣
л쳾һ°ƣȹǳһ˫˫轣һһᣬʤա
һ֮֡С

лܳˣʵʮϸġ
ۼⳡĸǰԶԶر˳ȥ

߳ҷƵԽԽòס
Щ꣬л쳾ԼŮӣǱ̫ˡ

أҪص䳡ͻȻӵ˵ѧʦˣ
лܳһһ䡣
ֻһӵʲôֵģЩЩѧĵӶʦס˭ӣ

лܳһϸϸ롣
ȷʵЩսɫףΪҲΪһеٮٮߡ
ִƻƼңֵı첢ûи¡

һŮӣĸŲ۲
ǰߣﲻ
л쳾Щˣһһܣûκء

лܳǣԶӣͻȻ˵һ䣺ʦҲҷƵɣ
һһ˵ʦ㲻ҷƵģѵҲף
ң֪²Ҫҵȡ

ģ⡣
һͨŵӣѾ֪л쳾ͻܡ
ЦѾ˼ޣٽһ֣ɾǳˡ

лܳתַҷƵ
䳡ϣ֦ͩҡҶΡ
л쳾˫Ŀ⽻㣬ľм֮С

ȣлֱܳӳԴϡ
Ѹͣ½裬վһߣлʦ塣
л쳾Ľµؽ

Ӧһл쳾лܳС
һ·鷿л쳾ʣ£
лܳϴЦί⼸꣬һֱҷƵӶζˣ˵ֻһ

⻰Ѿô˼
л쳾
ѡ˻رܣʣ˹Σ
Ը̸лܳ΢ʶл쳾رܡ

лܳ㲻ٶ˵ʲô˵ףл쳾Ҳûʲôѱֻһ̿ŮӣȰ⣿
ֻ˵԰֮Щ涼˲١ۿ̿࣬ǰһָ

л쳾һ˵ǲͬ
򵥵֣һԵζ
лܳĸ

Ŀһб鰸һǵüʢϮˡ
ң鷿ʵ̫
лܳ˵ܱ£ŨˣҲǰıְɣ

л쳾̧ᴥҶƬϢһ壬ϲЩ
ǡлܳԽԽľ˵˵һģҲˣ
һģл쳾УʦȡЩ

лܳʦ֣ܳо仰֪
֣أл쳾˵˵
лܳ̾˿˵úãӴĸŮܸ⺢ǼõģʶҲ޿ɺǡ˵ףҲֶ㳣ҷƵʱˣֻһЩĵ˴Щԡ

˵ֵزл쳾վ㡣
ɡһ㰹˼ƣԼ˵ʲôأ
л쳾ָ΢٣Űߵ÷ҵʦܺγԣ

ûŭֻƽ
Ϊƽ
ΪԼʵ

лܳЦҲһ˵Ҫ˵Ҳǰʦ塣⺢ŬϽҲʮϲЩѧաʦҲ棬Ѿͷѧ㼸ֱ¡
þȫΪԼ롣л쳾γ֪

лܳл赼
˵ʦֵܣ˸֮׹Ҳ
ЩлܳһֱľԹԡ

ǽϡ
л쳾òлܳǻˣίҪɢΡ
Ըѡ

ͳҷƵǻлܳѧգԼͼܹ
л쳾ҪߣһҲôֻҪÿչΪ鷿ΪˮΪһյ衣
ҷƵ裬תļ

һ뵽䳡Щӻӽ̸Цġס
Щ꣬׵˿̫ˡ

л쳾ءҷƵôЩ꣬ҲϰˡէȻȥţʦ鷳
Ǿܾˣһݵˣܾ֡

лܳ岻˵ʲô
ֻЦҲǡĵӣҲֻи¡ʦЩСһаֻ˯ҲЦˡ

ʦ˵Цˡл쳾Ŀⴹ֮ϣ̫ޣ˫մȾ˸ʣʣȼԶˡ
ǫΪǫ
ΪԼ֮ǫ顣

лܳʱֻǵǣȴǺ¡
ǵģ¡
ǿħϣԼΪ

վ˵µĽͬǰһۣΣ
л쳾ŵá
лܳУԼ󡣳ҷƵʱ￴һۣӰأȻǿ
ҷƵУӰƺ޴ڡ

ҷƵ
ǰ¶̨տ֡
ϧ˲ûǰÿ¶ǮӢǻЩΣиֺóԵġ

ˣʵ̫׸ж
յЩСĶλʶĸ
ֻǡĪҪ˰ɡ
Լѩһ죬ƱҪͬڰεЩ׽֮˸ôأ

ǣδš
ֻЩǮ޶ȵ֡
˵ףֻһΡ
ЩҲѾǹˡ

һ·¶̨ǸܾȻѾϵʮ׵
ҲˣˮҲˣҲѾˡ
ʮ־ϲиʱܶС

սȻȲ䳡Ǿ߳׼ͷСʽɾ䡣
ң
һѽʽл赵Ľʮơ

л赣ֶСһսһʱ
ٴȥˡ

ʮ֮Ѿܺڰ
һŽ°Ἰյһ߾¶ء۳رߣܻѷ顣
Щѧĵӣ֪¶̨ĵطÿÿ㽫˴

Ҳ֪εԼɶףЩžͳһڰ¶رߣöʯѹס
ÿιܿһ

ǽһҲûС
ǡͻȻ徻ء
ü첽

֮¶ָֻ̨
ʱ͵첽ߵ¶رߣҹɫڸǣһ¶رߡöʯѹס
Щ뿪

֮󣬽ĿͻȻһ졣
ߵ¶رߣȻƿʯǷšȻſͣݷ絶꼸죬ű˷ĩ


˾ࡣ
˿֮ͫУܽų׷飬һ
棬ټڷţҪһذ塣¹Ѿ롣ȡһ飬Ĺ¹ٱȥ

һӹ飬ȻذĿ
ǩ֣鷳ˡȥ
ԡټʮΪѣ˵⡭ʧݰɣ

һں
ӻ֣Ϊ˾Ե޾ϸ
޾ϸˡ氵²ۡ

Ȼ˵
ٿذ壬ǰڡûʹôͷ

ӿʮľ
ʵǡλ̫ܵˡ

лܳһʮͷʹ
л쳾Ը棬ֻǰȥӭӡȻһҪӭӣ
λ˾Ѿ·ˡ

Ȼлܳ壬̵ܳѣ벻ôּˡ
лܳ²ۣҲ벻˾ྐྵȻͼذС£Ҳɼš
˾û𣿣

ȴ΢Ц˵ʵǰл
ðɣ㻹е¡
лܳʣڱչأ֪кҪ£Ҳͨ

˻ֻ£ͻȻ˼лݻˡ
˼лܳһҪʲô
˵ֵҪͷʢ飬´ΪתＴɡڼ桭ǲ˰ɡ

Ȼ̫Сһˡ
Ȼһʵǹڶս䱸֮¡
䡢лܳ循

ʮֳϿңǡֻڽУ䱸Ȼǹȭܷѵ˼Ҳвܵġ
裡лܳƢˣ
һܣǴǶʯ

ʲô취
װЩڵӵʽԣνǴн档
ֻǰȥл쳾

л쳾ѾûƢֱлܳ彫һҷƵ
һУȴδܼ
ں䳡Ȼǽȥġ

л쳾˽鷿һһ۱Ѿ鰸ϵ
Ļ˭֣öô

˶ʱЩ»ĻܿѹӴ⡣
»˵öԣл쳾ǻʦԼǲӦ̫Ϊѡ

ԣѵõģл쳾˸񣺡һл
һҾл쳾кɡһʲôʱô

һ񣬵˲ÿܳ˵˿ܵķ
һ㣬л쳾Ŀлܳͬ㻹ûˣ

˾Ȼʮ񣬵ǡװͬͬлصģܷҲ󡣡
˵ͻȻת˻⡣Ӵ﷨ȡһҶ˵裬ǰӴЩĪҪ

һҶǰл쳾ܾòҽӡ
ڣǻ񣬴ӹһţһ衣һѩϢү֮֡Ҳѵõĺò衣

ˡл쳾񼣬˵Ҳʮֽ޹»ܼ񣿡
˳ϿҵǰЩᣬеĵطл

⡭л쳾üͷ𣬡γԣ
һڣл쳾һҾлǰʦ˵Ҳ³ΪȻɲ


Ҫͱл쳾˳ȥ
ûˣ˶Դ
˶ʱָ˱ԣ¶һĿ
϶ʶٰ̧




59.  ף֪ͨ   ʹ

ʮ£
ʱһһȥ, ʵ̫ܸ֪
̫ˣһһյ֡
ֱһ죬¶̨ʱ, һֻҶƬϵ䣬׹С

һֻƯĽ, ҫ֮£ͨ͸
, Ǿƶ

΢ֻϣǽȥЩֻš
˾ľͫǰ, һ￴ŻĲ
֪һֻʲôÿȴ΢΢, ֻ鵽˵ϡ

ֻ΢΢һ, Ҫߣһ, ֻͷ
վԭأδǰ
ԭ֮, ʧȥʧȥ
ʲôƾԲ, ʧã
ʼоʱ, , ֺ

Ȼÿ궨ǰ, άܡ
Ϊ¶̨Ŀܴȥµذ壬̻ȫл赵ĽС
Ҳûм

һãЩԭԻǷ׷׽ףҲż»˱ҲȰӦÿЩ
Ǳɣٵȶ, ֻҲˮ
ӦȰ˵ҲûлȢ˼
˾൹µĴĥƽҲռһϯ֮ء

Щ꣬Ҳȫûгڡ
Ҳаħ߹һЩط
ÿһл쳾ڡ

ʱһã𽥵رഫԡ
ÿնҷƵҷƵûӣֻл쳾
л쳾׵ˣŵԣһɾܾ
ÿал쳾ͬ

ʮл쳾ƷԸ߽࣬ҲҪ˴ġ
ȻǺ˶˵Сдöహǲ˵ˡ󣬱ӢҲţѯʻǷҪȥ⽣СסЩʱ

ӢǺ⡣
úõһŮӣòɡȺûҪȥˮ
Ļл쳾ѵȢɣ
ο֮еʲôֻº롣

ǣӢⷬ⣬ڻǱܾˡ
ûлšεβⲻͼذ֡
Ǹʱףָأѵϧ𻹻ΪΪвɣ

ԽԽңھһˡ
л赡

л赳ԣΪ⡣
л쳾ʲôˣл쳾ΪһŮӣʦŵ
Ϊʦ𣬾ⲻ˵ġ

ҷƵ
л֮ʱͨ
л쳾鷿ֻл쳾д󣬶һΪĥī˵֮٣ȴʵ޼䡣

ʦл赽л쳾ʩ
лɨһۻȳȥ
ǡ¡

л鰸ǰ£㣬ѧգʱҲˡνʦͽ縸ӣʦģҲҪΪǡ
л쳾֪л赵飬ֻʣʵʱҲá

лķԣһΪʦΪź˼Ҳ٣ʦģȻҲҪ˼ҡף˹ޣҲʵ
ڿһĻʱѾл쳾뵽˰취

л쳾ڱѣĵ֮ûʲôĿİѱֻҪ޳ȥл쳾ڣȻժøɸɾ

лϣѾΪл쳾롣
Ȼл쳾Ӳͬ
˵ʲôлͫ΢ôл쳾һΥ

л쳾Ҳã峺̬ȴɶ£һֱǱ£ԼȻΪʦҲ档
棿лŭЦܺã


δԶ⡣ʱл赵ڣڡ
лעл쳾һһ䣬ʣҲСˣѡһ£Σ

ѡһ
Ǹа΢΢ϵĶǶҺ
Ȼǰл쳾ܾСһ˲㶡

л쳾ü޷Ը˵ɡ£ҲΪѡ
л赵棬˵⻰֪ΪΣмϤ֮С
лЦһơĿѾֳѹ˵˵ԸǲԸ

ԸⰡ
ͷЦȴһл쳾۾һգĽëһᡣˮ飬ӯӯй⡣
ӡ֮˵

л쳾ü
лЦĻˣ
ͷٿл쳾ڣڵأ΢ƴͻ飬˵֮ҡʦ𡭡ĪҪִԼĸԸġ

ˣǶ¡лԭΪǻл쳾ˣǿס֮䣬ֻл쳾ݡ
Լ磬ץסʲôѱ¡ֻڻΪЦ

Ȼˣ±ôˡлվ쳾⼸Ҳ£һΪĵ˼ҡ
л쳾ܿ͸ǰŮӣ
ֻ顢ţζЭ

缲磬ߵǰӸ¸һΣԸǿеϧʹǻ
ʱʱҲܲסòȼƻ𡣿ɣûΪʹ
ۿıˡĳƣһһգ¶̨˪¶

û̧ͷϤڶϣͷĥˣǰ
ʱ佻صֻ룬ձС
ͷǳǳЦ˵ʦ𲻱ΪѣԸġ

һ̣л쳾ģҲһˮ⡣
עȻ忡ǼиǧաЦ˵ʦ̵֮ġȻʦӣվǲͬġ
ֻϷȻȴЩġ

Ȼǲͬġ
ʼգڳ࣬Ƽ䡣
û֮ʱҵΪˡ

Ŀ㣬л쳾й⻪顣
ˡգǣҷƵһŽɫů뽥Զ

л赼֮״Ѿٲϰ顣
̾͵ţĺҲǡҹһ˵⻰Ҳǲͬл쳾Ĳʲô϶

л쳾һִ󣬶Ϊʦͽʤӡ
л赵ĶлԪƷŵûʲô¡лͶϣԣͽһǻ˼ȫл쳾ϡ

л쳾Ҳ֣һֱżѻ
ۿҪΪһŮ˶մȾۻ࣬л赾ӡͬҲԸл쳾

ߺ̿һҳֽдŸ׵֡
ѾͷòΪҲȥΪһʵġģٲġ
л쳾Щ֣Ĭ

л赵ã̧֣ͷ
ʦͽʲôû˵ƺ˵һС
֮л쳾ָֽҳϣָһ֡

ѡƵĶİء
İƵĶӣòʴϻۡҪǣҽ̺á
һ㣬丸ϣ㿴ó

ЩһֱڱչĸݶȻǸĸϻǰͷųżжһֻȢһŮ
˼ңҷ㲻ʲôࡣ

лûж˵뿪ҷƵԻ˰Ŵ¡
˵ףҲǸˡʵл쳾顣
ɫԲ˵飬Ҳ޲л쳾֮⡣һŮӣ߾ãⲻЩ˼

Ȼˣл쳾飬ԻǲΪȻ
ǹ˼л쳾Ůˣֱһ̻궨룬ɽұǡ
鷳

վǲô
ĻΪΪϧ֡ʵߡ
ϧҲʮֹעټϣл쳾ȻҲ
һˣƾʧ

úĸ
ơݶİһڳԷżңѱٹȡǷݶȻ¼ҹ棬ÿռ˱һãԷ

żʱҲ־׳Ҫʮ˸Сӡ
İһ֮ʹ
Ϩ׳־ɻҡ
ŷҲˡûܶãһֱ֮ʹ
ڣҹҲֻһִУ塣

İΪЮ˲ˣĸ׵ĳֳ˲١
Сӣԣֱӽһ˿˵ǣĸ³ףԵ㣡
׵İľײִ֪˼εġУϴΪʲôǽġ

ӶƴԷЮˡ
ݶϴЦ˵ǲұ
Ӷ˼ô÷ˣף࡭

ʱеӵˡŹ
ڣллأŸһѽһ֪ĲȵӹţһЩ֡

ôˣݶʡ
Ƶ棬Ǵİأǰȥ͡
ݶԣҲʮϡ棺ȥҲͰˡⲻ겻ڵģʲ¡Һİȥ

ƽżݵϣ˵˵ıǹˡɨһİأ΢˼ᵽİأĪǡף
ݶü΢˵ǰЩӣӢһ¡

ģ
ݶͷ˵ڻ˭Գ˵ףҪİأҲһӡ
ƻǾ֣˵˵ǰЩһЩܲõĴԡ

ݶ¿ӣƤĻҲã࣬ĸˡϢΪ˱ڣûټһƼҡһŮӣ֧ţͲס񴫳ЩĻҿϢڸ
ǣ˵ǡæ

ݶ˵ȻŹǾ͹ȥ¶ҪǲԸ⣬Ǿͽĸѧ
İü˵ĸô룬Ըأ

˭ϣôһ˵ݶ⣺Ҫȥżؿһǲðˡ
ߡ
żҸӣ

һҲӣӵŵĵ̸ڡ
ʱ¶̨ܶս
ǵһջذ塣ʽ֮ǰͬ

Ϣļ϶ḧܵ
Ѿкܶûмһˡ
ǿܾذ壬ɼڵĿάÿԹʹôȥδϡ

˼л쳾¶̨ĺĺ޸ң׶ѪΣ
ҲȴһϣԲܶʱһһǰŲûбڴ
ٺȥ˰׹¡Ļ䣬˭ҲٵȡƫƫһҲƵƵ

ڣվ¶̨ŵһĿܣǿܱҲն
һһΣ뵽ȥ
ѧ̫ˣ̫ˡ
ͻȻ롣

ʱ˾ࡣ
һھ֮ͫǰſܷ
ֱȡҳеĲͼ
֣ʶԼ޷
ֽʲôģǲҪ˰ɣۡ

мʽвòáǻ˲ͼٶȶս
ʱһֱĿܣͻȻоʲô֨һ΢΢̧Դ
Īֽŵ¶رߣ׼ٴκͿιСǿܲһתȻƹ

ؿߵ¶رߣȻڳرߵĲͼſͣ¶һݡ
ֻǼҳͼһ£˷ĩ

ڵ˼һӣסΪʲôôԼҲûյһ顣
ϣǹСʱСǴ󹷣ˣҲһϹ

ģָɱġ
һΣǱǰ˰ɡ⹷Ҳˡ

˾֮࣬ͫǰ̧ͷ졣
ڴʱеʦ㣬ǰȥӭ;һˡ˵ŴżҾϴһ¾͹ȥ
áȻ֪ʲô¡
ϴл˵ΪѰһµ£üšžһ˿һƣ뿪¶̨

ͫ棬üƴżҾȥڡ
лص˹һҪϴһ
ⲻô

˱Ͼǻ˫ֻһó˾Ҫ
Щ꣬л쳾ʵһЩԷȻû䵽ʵϾǲ
Ѩ磬

ԣЩ֮ǰԻſܣҲ˼
ǣƵĶİȷʵǸϼѵѡ

һΡšһֱŻ֣ǶԻʮƳ硣ټл쳾ֲƫƫ֮ˡ
ֻһҥԣһҾᵱ档пͬ¡

ĸҲһþл쳾ĵżҽףܴҥԣҲй⡣ûڵ
лǸ̡
Ц

ǡΪ˵ףʹ




60.     ¶ֻ

ʮ£

ڡ
һŶׯȹ, 纣񡣿ûװȻš
һ·ӭ;, һҹȻ͵ˡ˳л赣л쳾

ĵ, Ϊ˵һĨɫ
л쳾עܾܴ, Ĳɼ
ǰƮƮ°ݣ桢ʦ𡣡˵꣬תưݵŸŷ, ֡

Ƶ˵ͷ, Իʵʮϲ⺢, ˵ȱ
һԣݶЦúϲ£죺ĸ˵㳤ˮ, һ۾ˡú, Ӣĸ, ӢĽ, Ҳдˡ

Ļ仰˼
æʩ, ĸá
, ĸݶ۾гһ죬Ż֣ǿҲİɫ΢죬á

һұҲǼˡ
л赼ദǢ, ȻġЩһֱΡš֣ΡšôҲû
ˣƾһֺαش

вãȴǵðڳһݣ˵İһֱǱٹǿͣ߰ɡ
Ҫʵˡ

л쳾ۿůǰʲô˵
δѵʶůֻǼԼľ룬ɽ֮糾֮ϼ

ͷȻЦ˫ͫ峺Цʣʦ𡭡ʲôԸ𣿡
Ҳᣬ纮ʱĵ

л쳾֣ԭԼ޻˵ģ
ֻ˵ŷȥְɡ
ʩ񣬵

ݶǸˣǣŻ֣˵ߣҲȥ㲻֪öضֻ֡꣬ǿաıܳݣǺüˡ
ϴЦһ˵һӭ;ӡ

л쳾ǽɫԽԽԶʧ
СŮӺϣлΪʦϰӴԺģһ䲻ƽǳʱõ

һ˲䣬Ҫ׷ȥҪܾˣֻҪߡ
ܡ
л쳾Ҳڵˣ˵ԼŮ˼Ҫϧ֮£ǳ

ŷݶİأȥ¶̨֣ڡ
̸µ壬̬ׯݶ֡һ·̸

˾࣬˶ǰ״˼
ั»֣ѵճ䣬ŸżҾȥڡ˵ŷ˸ദʮֺ

⻰󡪡ŷ˶ԻǼֱԽԽϲ
ϣֻһû

תˣ
»˵˵лŸһҹȥ¹ٹţ¶л⡣ʲô뷨Ҫˡ

˵ޣ˼ȴס
¶ںĸ⣬һļϣܿͻȢԼҼʱɲࡣ

һû˵˼
»飬ȻҲ⣬ʵڣзӿġ
Ȼһһ仰ҲסǶ࣬𡣡

Ǽ΢»̾ӵȻǶ࣬ǻһңл쳾ѾЩԷ£
ˣǻô죿
һ̴̶ָֻ꣬ȥ˺ܾá

š桱һ·Բ
Щ꣬ٻӻŮѾӦѪ½뿪ԲȻҲʣһЩȻʱʱ
Ϊʮ˫߹ĻӻŮҲаʮˡ

ʥÿȻҩȻҲ뿪ط
һšü£
Ȱӵݹȥҽ˿γ˰ɣ

Ѿиβ¡ʥ׿һӣ֪Ǽǳ
һ˵ҽΣΪҿҩ
ҩʥüʲôҩ
Ц

磬лһɽ
һȻ̸ݶŻ֣Цϲ
Ȼ½

ȻҸոɽţͼˡ
£лüʵ
࣬ȴʮְִС䣬һءл赺һһԽڶ

棡ɫۡɫѥϵǵһһݣۺᣬ쳣ϡ
л赺һҲǷëһˣɲʲôʡ͵ĵơ

ԭǼԶɽ֮ǰųΪ
лϲÿǵȻġ˾ڣͲôԸοЩ˾ͷսͻ֮⡣

һȫȻɫʣֺϧ£
ϧһȻں˵ʲô
һ棬ʱһ÷֮ͶϣһӡҲʣ´Ӵ˼ɼδȢֱ÷òһޡ

˫ֱȭӴҹޣβϧ£ͬ밢°ɣ


أȺͻȻһӡ
ǺԼ˾꣬ͷһС衣С۾װ֡ϴȦϴųʱҲˣһͷ嵽ǰ͵رסȡ

ף㲻Ҫ뿪͵ʼޡ
˾ڵ

˵⻰δ̫ͻˣлδӦл쳾ȴӲ̧֣ʾǰǺӡ
Ȼһ˵л¶԰ȷһƬģͻһ˵
һҶʱüͷʱǲ˵ʲô

һǰĿԣ۾澡ǺѪ˿°ҲǺ겻ٳǰȻǸ㲡Ҫļ䣬ְĿ
һƣ룬̬ȴ֣أµһ԰һƬָգԼԼ֣ذݵȫ

ĿֿңһҪĸо
һĻǶл赺л쳾õˡ
ǲʲô£һ˿ͬ⣬ҲΪ㣬Ϊ˾ͽ뷳նѡ
αذ¶Ͱ͵ۏˮ

лʢ飬ֻǡֹܾʱһͻȻ죬һǺȡָ֮䣬һѪȪ
һٹ˲ö룬ǰҪ鿴
л쳾ּۿ죬һѵס岻ʣ˾ͳ͢ϡ㲻عȥ

Ϊ룬Ȼƿ
һ¼Ϊл쳾⧲һ˶ס

һߣֻշ𲡺ĺΣָѪ죬Ŀġ
һһ˲䣬治Լеٹ˲ԼĹģֻʣôˣõġ
ĵһҲܹ𣿻벻

ԱߣǰװֵСףЩ˼ɼӱʱʱǰЩڱչ׾ҪˡʱѪˣۡ
Żȹǣ۴ޣףɲ뿪ˣ

ƵֻؿⳡϷ
Ǻˣˡ

лɫ࣬ȵȻأͲҪڶൢˡЩ˾ҽɣ
˵꣬һʾ⣬еǰסһ
СҲ˱Բ˫ҵţףҪף

ۼ˱ɽţĿƳ
лһңͷʣ㻹𣿡
оǳ֮⡣

ֻ÷ص塣
лߣҿԵһĹģԶʤ㣡
⻰Ȼ˵л쳾л쳾ûлӦ

Żȷʵ֮١
ȻΪģ档
ĵһΪΣ
л쳾ö˲δΡЩһȻÿ굽һڣҲδˣʲôϵ

벻ͨأ˴˼Ϊ˶Էһ֡
Щ꣬ÿһնҷƵֻҪţܿ
ѵı棬ɵְ£л쳾š
ɻΪһ˲һߡ

ߣɡ
ŵһڿֻƻԼ÷¶ԻûʲôӰ졣Ƕλ˵һЩ
ҲġȻˣڼ˶ԣЩ޹ؽҪƤ֮񣬿ġȨȮˡ

ĸ
һ˷ؼУʮء
ݶ˾ϢͨǸյڣһ͸һͨ

֮䣬Щŭ
ƵȰ˲աһﲻǸȡֵˣһԵɡ
ʲôԵɣǴѰòݶСһӶһ𶯡

˵ҿ⵹δء˿ţ֮ɫʵʮֵǡֻҲʶġ
ôһ˵ݶҲ侲˵Ѫ֮ʱлִǰ鿴ô˵ĪǰʵǶ⣿

ˣ˼άܣףڽԲΪЩ紫˵ǰлܡȻˣǲš᲻ǰڵһл赲ʣ
ôһ˵Щݶü˵лѧգһ졣лĿΪ˾£ǽףôͬڣ˳Щ

İĸ˵˵ȥʣǡҪ𣿡
ݶһ˵¶˵׻ǵÿ˼Ҿ͵һȰɡ
ȻΪ֮ǴӣӦӢ

ǣĸʱûס
ллȴҲް취ҶˣΪŮܲἰ¶ǣ˾࣬ȴܵġ
ֻл쳾Ϊѡ

˵֮ҲĶࡣ
л쳾ҳֻ⵶

˾࣬ȸ˾
鰸ǰ鰸װֵĺô
ƽ˵ô꣬ۿҪˣôһˡ

죡һҲ֣һԼģƫ̬Լ
ų裬Ŀϱ죿˵Ҳȡߣײġ
˱òУڵ󡣡

˭̵֪лл˷ܵĴ
˿ʼã˺ˡ

ڣĺôȻᣬٸ첲ⲻա
˵ǵȥһ档
š˴Ӧһ

ôܿһۣ˵ֻŽɭϵģƾ㱾£νȥ
ͻȻһ仰Ϊʲô֮²ܳТӡ

磬˾ִ̽Ϣǰӳңƺͬҽס
ȭӳϥжӡ
òªȻȢ˸绨ӣԺҲӣȴҲòƽƽ

֮Уܱӡ
˽зŶȻòһ㣬ȴƷжΪ࿡ҲŵϺš

ȭš
ӳִȣһ㡣
еӽûᳵ·˳
ӳһţ˫ӹһָ

£ӳʡ
˫˵ڵţһǰ͡
л赣ӳһ߶ڣһüǰ죬˵һӡô뵽ǣ

˫˵˳Ϊ˰¡
ӳ۰һ׺ԣǻС׼׼
˫ֻ躣

ǳӣӳиӣԡ
ʱϣûͶࡣ
˵ʲô˫ģ˵Ӣ˵ɫ绪ݶõİظЩҶˣֻǼҲǸõġ

˵ͻȻ˵ˣ˾Ͷһ
˾ࣿӳ󡢴˫ͬ


˹ȻڵȺӳһ²ζ߽
û߽һһ㲣ĿѪ˿ɫ죬ȥһӡӳʱʣǷ£

һɳƣΪף˵ˣ
ɲ˵ʲŸո˵θɣ

̵֪ʱżһ÷֮һӡ÷ʣʹѵżò֮ɰһģһһʱĶ֪л赾뽫ˣñβ
Ȼӳʮֲ죬ͬʱ޴룺ɡдģȥл˵¶ĳǰﲻæ

ȻĹ
˵˵л氢֮ӣ±һʱ񣬱㵽˹ȭš
ɻеùõģȭ˾²Ǽ֮ңӳ²ۣȴֻеǳ֮ˡ

ǵȻˡһлִҪϽףԸĻȻ˵ʲôֻһƬģⱡ񡣡
˵꣬һ֣˴С䣬ʼ

ǡӳִһӣüһʯЩֵ֮
涣Ը³֮ƴԺӳÿѣԱ⡭
ӳŭĿԲɡ˵ʲôƨҵϱ˵Ժӻÿ¸ѡУ²ҥɣ

ӳ˵⻰Ҳš͢Ц
²ںץס֣һ飬ֻԸƽϲ֡Ϊˣ¿ɨأǽ壡

ǿԲҪӹȭʲô
ֲҪ£һɵó

ӳõùһѳԼ֣ĪҪ˵Ц뿪ɣ
˵꣬ͷҲصس
⹷˵˭ӭŰ

֪һҲֻӳȥڡ
Ҿ죬ֻǰݻᡣ
һɼ̬ȡ
Ȼ¶ֻˡ




61.  Ͼ   Ҳ

ʮһ£Ͼ
лû뵽, ¾Ȼನۡ
вѼȴûиõķӡ
ǰΪףѾ˺Ρš, ȻûΡ

䴫Ը˵л쳾, ޵ġ˵ǵһƻġ
һʱ֮, ŶĿ۽ڴˡ

һ죬ŵӢš
ֲ𿪣Ӣһἰϣǰ⽣ѧȻ, ĺ⡣
ͬл赵ĶԹ, Ҫһ˽ᡣ⽣ߵԽ, ǱԽ
תҪߣͻȻ, е˵ʦ㣬ﻹһĶ

ʲôǰ, һġˡΰ
δҵ鲢ʱǰŹ֡
Ӳ𿪰, Ȼ, һܡ

гӴС, Ƕһ, Ǹսܡ
Ӽֲˣᵽ¶̨

ڼ仹еӵʦ㣬εĿܱϴˡ˾๤ָˡ
𣿡ġ
Ǹˣϴμ㲣Ѫˡ治֪ΡԿܣҲʵڸ˲

ȵܱ¶̨, ӱ׷뿪
ǰǰıսһ޶ḧӲľʯٱƽľľ

̾һҵԿףҪ֮УͻȻǿ
̫Ϥúһڴʱǿ̧˫֣ժԼԴȻֵһס


ðŷӦԼװڣ
㡭ǰֺֺЦ
֪ܣڵժͷ

ʲôͷȡһ͸⣬ʡ
һ˵ǸáڵĻɽʮܣﲻܻ롣ãҵסɱ

ԣ㡭α˷ѾĻ
̾Ϣȡǲ֮˳ˡЦΪһ棬裬ֵá

ȴʶǰִǰ㲡ţкЩˣ
ڻǹģÿܲסֱشʻȴֻǵ޸ҡ

ֳڹ̣ʱ֡
һﰲؿֵ޸ҡ˵Żÿܵǣ׾عڻǰ޸ҡ

¶̨ƺֻʣ֡
ժũһ仨˫ֵݸ޸ҡ

һ̣ûκν鱦ûʲôʯ
ֻеһˣɸɾسǰ

ʹؽӹǻҲԼֵġ
˵ſǵĵһﱿ׾ӵס
Ӧˡ˵Ȼƺڣˣһˡ

صĿǣӲֱ䣬ȴȡ
ḧȻԼȥ
һֻһůʣµ֮ǣȫں䡣

Ĵеԡһڵϣͣ˫ֳǣӡ˿ɢ⡣
һᵽһ㣬ȴֲʲô

ð죬ͻȻӦ
һ೤ᣬ¶̨ƺʧȥǰãֻʣһƬѩƵذסͣԿհף졣
˷Σˮ綼ʧȥ֪

һ֮Ҳɫ糺죬Ⱦϼ
ر󣬵һſܵǣرס
ֱܵķӯӯһա

ḧǰ֣˫Ҳľƣ˿
һԲ𡣡
һｫϣ˵Ҳ֡˵꣬ظ޸ҡ

ڵʲôµģֵá
Ȼһֻǹִص޸ҡ
һֻظֵĿܡ

ðɡԼմ¶Ŀشһ˿ů⡣
󣬼˵õԼҪĴ𰸣ɿ§סֿ֣ʼϵĽۡһ֨֨¸µ죬ɻͷ

һﱻʵǲ㡣
ǽ˰죬Ǵ򲻿
ЦһӽƵڵء

Ȼпһһأͺ
ڵ˰죬ֻõ
Цǰĸ첲һҲࡣһ￿Ĳվ

ѽ۴򿪡ָָࡣ
ٿۣȡһѱ˵ǡµ𣿡
֪˾ûǮϴھΪܶ˾ű

һ˵˽㡣
ʲʲôס
һﵭϴδӦΪһֱŴ¡òɣʹ㡣

ڼʹ𣬾μһ꣬³СʱԵһ˵Ҫսʤл赡
һ˵ҪһѺý

ʱѲ
ɵһΪһ仰ѰѰ١ææµµһꡣ

սҪ
һ˵𣡡
лڽ֮һּл쳾ǹŽŵһɡ˽ʣ˾˴ĽиӦ

صӦл⧲ԣҪսʤʱٰν
ҪЦһжѻ˵˭֪ǲƭҡ
ô˵ȴе¡־֮УƺҲ˼ˮ
˵꣬صȵһᰲο

ǰűؿǵĵһüʼطᡣол赵ĽȻĽʵΪл쳾ȡĽ֮⣬ڡ
棬ΪһʱĽͽ⡣

Ȼðʱѽõġ
һӣѽԶԾĽԭ

۾һ磬šһȷȷʵʵö
ǣһֱȵʦоݵ֤˴˽ԾĽĿ֮󣬻ͻȻһ䣺һû˵⻰ʵ

ţһʺţͱˣ
ָУ촽סԼָ⣬˵ҪأҾܼףȻŮ§ڻָ췢ġȻǶŸĽ⣬һ硣֤Բ顣

Ѹȥܼ׵ĿۡȻڼУϾ˰죬˵ң
ȻĿ

ڴЦæҡð죬Ƶͷףһǰ
ȥ׼ǵ°ɡյߣֵᣬëɦƵͷΪۺá
ܵͷٴαϣǰֻа͸͸΢С

Բչ˫ۣźĿܼףһӵ
֪ΪʲôͻȻͲᡣ

һ֪ɣһֵħôһҲ𡣡˵
źףһı顣˽Ҳûбıʾֻǵһᾡס
֮䣬Щڸ˼

û˵ӣ𡰿ܡ˻˾ࡣ
Ȼʣһ·ܰᵽŵ
һĽ

һؽ˻ƽ񻨣Ʒ֦Ƕ챦ʯԵúǸ
ʵ˵⽣Ǻӡ
ǹװãӣ

֪⽣ǲһ˵Զսл赵Ľ
Ȼһһ磬ǡû
ҷģ˶

ڱ¶̨ս壬һˡ
л쳾

л쳾һ㶼ҷƵƽߡ
Ǽɶ˵·ߣʩ񡣻Ҳ˵·ߣһȺ֮У˵ʦ𡣡
л쳾ߣŲվδͣ
šӦһӵİ֮£ܶ࿴һۡ

ԶԻ˾
°ŵһĽͻȻ֣ԼǸˣǺ޾
һ꣬˵¾£˵ͣʱͣȵ·ϳʪɢ

ţл쳾뿪壬ȴʵ޴ȥ
ѾЩӲҷƵûκȥѰڵжգڻҪ֪ʲô˵壬ҲԸ˻
Ȼأ
ܿ

ǣҵлԪ棬һҹľơ
лԪ汾Ǹˣ֮ϱ̲ס绰л쳾ʼʮְȲѵ⣬ҲӦ

һ磬ٴδģǰڣס
л쳾δ飬лֻԳӦ
ýһ޸ֱŵɽ£ܵɼءǺ쳾״ӣϰֻ³͢׷Ӧԣذɡ

䣬ͻȻһã棬Ӹʢ顣ԸϴΪޡ
ѭȥֻһǳɫȹ˶
ûдȹ廨Σüɨױݾ¡

ӵȻлɫΪѿתֱӻĿ⣬ȻѾơʣ˵ʲô
ƽʱͻأһӣѲ֨

Цֱʦ棬ӷ˵Ը޼Ϊޡ
̬ݡ
лأãЦһ˵£ϰɷҪ볯͢𣿡

˾ЩͻཫڶԱȡ
ﰵлΣΪ˾ȥ

ȻȻҲ㵽ˡ
Ҫ𻰣ɽ⣬˵棬ʦѧն꣬ȷʵ߶ڣҲ߶лˡ
л̧ͷȥֻϧƺӳ˽˵ơ

λҲˣ˵롣лЦ
ϧ˵
æ˵ƺηһĸ˵Ҳǵֶ֮Ҫףôܲףأ

Ȼˣ֮룬Ϊ߼˿֮ʱϧš
Ҳ֪л赲ͬ׮£кϧԳݳ棬ǿɾͲһˡ

Ȼл赼ΡšǰѾ֪²ת
ٴοһۣѾɱ
Ůˣ統һ֮ʱ˲ʡȻǻˮ

µҲˡһ㡣
ԣлȻûһɫȴʣ˾ҪȢ״ӣȴ֪ļΣ
ϧ˷׷׿һлҪʨӴ󿪿ڣûӡ

ϣ˹䱦Ҳû⡣ʾ¡
лЦһΪڣȻҲ̰֮Ҫժİͽ̫ܲʡϴμĳ׼ܣŵӽ޲ڡ񣬾£Ϸڴ˵Ӧˡ

⻰˵ɣȻ𳬼׼ܣ˵ʨӴ󿪿ڶ̫ǫˡ
ֱۣס
Ƹ֮£ʵڲòáΡšҲֻÿһ

һĿ˼һʱҲδӻ
𳬼׼սܣһʱ֮Ҳó
лЦǼΪѣǴ¾ʹգҲü

Χž˶һλĻӦ
Ȿǿѣǵһͬ⣬ʦҲͬ⡣𳬼׼սܣһξ޴Ŀ֧͢ôͬüӭȢһŮˣ

̾ϢҲ֮е¡лƥ򣬱Ѳ
ҪڣȰ˵һʹաȻһȻá
ΧһƬը˹
𳬼׼ΪƸĿ

һЦ¡¶ԣ޼֮
ɡȥĶһǮأ
ȴûпڡ

ʱһŶ룬оɽţվȺ֮С
һѩ£˳ȾΪ̫ۣһ۱㿴л쳾

ʦ𣡡ел쳾ǰ˫ϥһ򵹳ʦ𡣡
飬˫ֳл쳾½ǣΪԸΪޡʦĪҪΪʦ𡭡

л쳾һҹƣҾȴԽѡ
ڴ˿̣ס½ǣΪһ˿ధʱܾʹԴ絶ġͷᣬҡ׹

ġ𣿡ʡ
ʦ𣬵ϣܼΪޣͬġ
ǡǵİʲôأл쳾ҪôʡʲڣǵʱҲûԼݡ

һɣ
һҲл쳾

֣ͷͷŨܣ˿Ử
ֻٶҲ
á˵ΪʦӦʡ
̶ĸִ֣ġ

̧ͷԶĵһ
Ŀԣл쳾ϵľɢˣеľȴڶ
ΣƺʲôҲûʣ¡
˵ӦʡҪʲôƸȥ

Ż£һ죬ֱ΢Ŀתһᡣ
̧ͷл쳾Ŀ⡣
顣

쳾ǵõһᡣ
ָմǵ¶Ƶ飬㱼ּ¶̨ŮǸһ˶૵˼ҽŶŤˣôһ䰲οûء쳾ˣǰҲѽǡֻǲѽ

´ɢȼΪ̡֮󣬻һݣӣлʦȫ
쳾⣬ҶˡԵϾڽ񳯡ҲٺޣԹٲƽ
Ҳٰˡ

ԸӴԺɲҲꡣ




62.     ϧһ̫

ʮ£
л쳾Ӧ, лȻȴҲûж˵
Ϊ棬ܵ˾ͺΡš˵, ȥĻ

ȻΡšȴʮϸµġȻ³䶨, Ҳ뿪Գ֮, ʼð
ǲ˵ĲҲһá

Ϊһ֮ȴڣЩС¡Ȼ֪Ϊ˭
֪л赲, ΪԼ

һ, и, ĸϢ
ʱȴĳӦʲôӡ

ڼ˵Ĳٳ, ڵһһطȥɽϴ󵽳أСľ, Ҳһһװ
ⳡϲ, ֵ÷з, Ż, һ̸۴¡

˵, ͢Žǰӣ˵볯̽͢ӡ˵лںΡš˵ѹ

Է׷вͬ
Ȼǲ⡣ֱһִסˡ
һգ͢ɻһ飬˼, ʺѧʿƴˣ͢ղ¹ôỹн飿

ƴɨһۣ˵ʵúðĳҲһ
˵ӻ֣һС鼮ϡ

һ齥̡
һҰʷɫؽ˼Ƥϧ𳬼׼սҲҪȢԭ

·߶ԴµĽǱĲá
߽ˡ֮£ġ÷֮ϵһóˡһŮ޸ܡĽۡȻֽĻ๴
ó˼ΪηǻȢĽۡ

Ȼ֮ϸ£ɫ㡢һ֣ûжʮԼ߲ܸ
оޱؽ鱾Żȥӡͨͨץ

ʱתۼ䵽˳һգ˾ӣҲǹ
һձȼʦһ죬ࡣ
Ϊѵõǣ׹֮ҲԶⱭϲơ

֮ɡ֮µģЩֻƢȴúܡ
ʦٳҲأҲһ⡣
һ¶棬ʵ⡣

һЩҲ׷׶
ΪƽԹ⣬Ϊӳףһʢ¡

峿ͱϲʼ硣
ϲ˾׼ʮַڸ˵ɼϸ΢֮Ҳ

ʱϲŻԾסл쳾Ѿſڡ
ϲƮƮȴɫ䡣
︸ţһΪʦΪΪϸͷɡϲ͸ϲһ£һˡ

л쳾̤ţǰ
ʢװ˫ͫˮ֬
һӰݼʦ𡣡

ϲΪл쳾ݹͷЦغһԡл쳾ӹǺôĿ˿񣬻Ӱ
һ˲䣬գĸͷ
֮µˣ߾޾һȻغϡ

һתܾⲻԡ
ȴ˵֮

ʱ쵽ˡԱߵϲߴ١
л쳾ͷ΢Цָ̧֣ǸȥüĿҲɲǼ仯ɳ
ˣӳඣϲ

бࡣ
л쳾ǣŻһһ뿪˵塣
ıɽһҲѻϲǰȺ
ƺס
л쳾ֻһ㱻ļ죬𶯲ǽҪըѿ

ʲô
ǣ˭ڣɽ·ϣݹأ
˭һ֦ٱ֮ʣָʲô
˭еػһ쳾ϻͷ

˼ңŲ·
ǣŻ˵һǰ
ʱĵһһϲ죬Ŀⳤþãһֱڻϵפ

л쳾֮ңľ롣һ̣ͻȻ롪Ϊʲô˾Ȣ
˾ڵĹϵսţΪʲôͿԣ

л쳾촽΢ţҪ˵ߵȴʵ̫ҡ
͡飿ʲô飿
ôģ
áҲáͬˣҲԸϢͩ
ǣŻ֣佻һϣֻöԽУʹ̡˭棬ڻĲݴ

һӹָ֣ۡþòһپЩ
һң̫٣ϲҲ̫ݡ
ʱܶһ̣ҶĻϲҲܼװһԲ

ǡ
ɿ֡
л赻Ҫģ
ôԵҰޣ

̧˫֣˸ͷ
Χ˵ͣϢȻ˶ע⵽ӵľٶ
ԭţҲҪ̫ŷ񡣵˾ǳ͢ٶʧ

˵ǰҸͷġ
ǰ׼½ǺãɻһˣЦ棬ӽ񳯳ףҪݱš֮ǰһԸϣȫ

лвѼȻ֮ǰʧ̬ʣ£
Цǳǳѧն꣬ڽȴѼϷգ浱գõӡŵڽ񳯡

ŵ֣˼ֺ塣
Ȼ
Ҫսл赵˼

Ŀⶼ䵽лϣлЦΪ棬ֵܵزǲġ
򴫽ȥЦηһ

վѧģдģá
á֣˵ҧгݡ

ϧ鼱֮£˵ǿİ͡
Աӳ󼱵Ϳ϶Ͷ㲻㻹ս֮аɱ֣Ǻã

ȻҲĽЦȻգǵȻǵ㵽ΪֹˡΪһСˡ
죬ﻰⶼһ˼

оάһ£䲻ɼȴܵ庮
ЦʩϣʤڻǰİТ˳
лλݹˣתһ

һɿ֣˵δأҲǴΪսҲ˵ͨġ
֪ΪʲôҪսʤл赡
Ҳûʡ

ӵ³ǵ̸һֱڣĬĬȴԭɡ
΢Ц˵ǰϰ¿Լһսȥɡ
˵գϲһȻؽС

Ĵ﷨ͳһǵлġһ֦㡱һǵһĻƽ𽣡
һ֦㣬ƽ𽣱ڱϡ

лѾЦŽ䳡һץգһӵ彣ѵС
ȻԴ˽ս˵ĽӦս
л쳾üֻ֪ΪԲЩ̫꣬̿ˡ

ΧЩ˷ܡ
л쳾ĵӶԾ棬ȻáԾֲǡҲʷ޽С

Ϊڳ֮գƵҪսл赣
˵ˣл쳾Ҳ⡣

Щ꣬ηħһؿޣ˶
˭Ҳ֪Ŀġ
֮ôһ

ϧļȴ˵˳ƣССС
̻⣬л쳾лսʮ־ʣһ뵽УжʤΣ

䣬Ͻֲһ䣺ȻˣΪһζв㡣ҲǸ
л쳾֪⼸ǵĻɡ

ȻУлЦָ󱲶ѣλαˣŻ絶ǳ˾࣬ҲʼڵĵӡĪǣ˺µӲ𣿡
˵꣬ԻҪգɡ

˵֮ʱһ䳡Ľ翪
нǷֹڴŶսҲ˫Ϊ֮á
֮£ΪΪ׼

ʶлҲᱻޣΪһ޶ˮ׼ʦ˺󱲣ָʱáҲࡣ

Ȼˣʱ򿪽磬ϧ˱Ҳȥˡ

лԸԽΪս൱ڶԺ󱲵ӵǫã緶¶ˡΧҲ׷׽ڳޡ
лǰһꡣ

ڷԣ糤ӡɶ˵ʵʲô
лԽΪҲû˿û

Ӷͽ̣һ֦㣬һ̣˫ͫ־ϲ
Χһ԰һﳡԹۣеɻ󣬰δ⡣

ѧտʼȴľһԾ
¶̨֮ʱ˵ʲôµģֵá

ǣлкޣ
л赶ǰѾˣ֮һֱл쳾ڴ
ƼϣϢڶʲԹͣʲô

һ벻ͨ
֪ǻһֱҪȥ¡
Ǿȥɡ䳡ȼյĻ棬˵ȡ

ʱڳ˵һ
ǧؽӰ䳡ص֮壬˶۾

л˪磬ȻֹҪǫָ
ֻЩǲŲ¡
ǰźɫĹӰɱŨ澣ҵģɹֲϷ

ͨķս
ֻһ죬ཻһ̻׹䡣λɣؽӰ֮У׼ȷҵ˶ԷĽ

֪˺Ȼкãֻеһɫء
л쳾վлλãȻҲΪᵽĵز

ڹӰƵȴֺܿ챬
ʱָۣܿ죬Ҷ˳˼
лǰƺûǰ㲻һ

ˣ˵һս֮
ԭл赵Ĺʽʵ̫˽ˡ
л赸һѾӦ֮ơ

лʱһЩʽʵҲڵĳýСܼʱӦ֡
ǡһĹ֮лֻһʹ飬ȻбѡһлϱڲظȻһϳɼأ

˺ܾãʶʲôл赵Ľ
ΧһƬȻ

л赱Ѷϣս˽
ǣڴʱлйӰţ漴չһѽٴγСĽ
ɵı

ˣ
ڽ֮Ул赵ΪҲѹһ޶Ľսˡ
ϧ𼱼ϵл쳾ߣ˳ӣָָСȻǼһ仰˵

л쳾Ҳ֪ãʦָ󱲵ӣ½ɡս㵽Ϊֹɡ
⻰лδš
Żڽһ䡣

бл졣Ľסȫһ
ֻһ˲䣬һ죬ɻҡ
ˣȴԱĽձһΪϸĿӣѪ߳ȴ˫

лһƣȴͣЪڶſʯ
лӰǧأס˱ϻƽ𽣵Ľ͵طһɫǿԽ籡ʢ

л赵ĽֻȻһ죬𶯡
ֻ쳾֮У硣˼ѷֱսжͬʡȻƵл赾ȻĽ

ʱл走˽⣬˿ȫ֡
ΪͬҲʱƥе£л赵ĽоȻռơ
һ㣬лҲԸϡ
ֱֱһ

ѪŽմʪұۡ
лס˴۲šʱϡҲϵѪһƬĬ
лô䣿

һٶȥ
Ŀ콣ʱӰһ֣ȻʵѾڹŹ˺ü⡣
л赼ŭ֪ܸζʲôĵλӴ˽ΪһЦ
һἰԶѲ¡轫ãֱ

л赱һŮӵڴܡ
仰ͬһֲħ䡣

η塣
ѾΪ֮ܶһþȫеһ
䣬ҲֻԼܡԹȡ

л赵ĽǰضѵһǿһλĽߣѾͼĩ·ϱӣʺġ
ѪҪ졣
Ѫ߳Ҳ뺣ջޡ

лѾ˺ݣá
ⳡѾζһҪסԼ͵λһȴҪӮ
֪ԭ򣬵ǲЭˡ
˶ѾǴס´Ƭ̡

һĻƽ𽣣ĿסĽ
лͼԷ˼Ľб֧穣ɵƮ鶯˵İףҪȡʤֻ硣

ֻд򿪽磬Ϊָпʤ
δ̫ѿˡ

л赶ȫϸħ¶Щ꣬Ѿ̫ûˡ
ڣǿвƣڴ֮ͥ£ɶӡ

л赵ĽԻĽȴԽԽ죬ҲԽԽ׺ݡ
ʮĳԹڵʱ̡
ѾоԼ壬ƺԼĽΪһ塣ҷӵĽ֮Уֻһ졪Ľл赵ؿڣ

齣л赵Ѫһء
治סѪͬ治סԼƣ
ŭһһ䳡Ľ磡һƣΪָ̻۾һͷŭޣȥҪ£

ʱһл쳾ϧҲѷϣ
˶֪˶ԹɣǴҶһɱ

Ȼлƽ֮ǰ֪ӡȻһȣƴΪŽסƬ̡˻Ҫɱ澲ɣ
˿񣬳ɢĿͬ

ֻһлþȫһƻ䣬ؿڰȥһ飬֮󣬷Ѫע
ڴʱһл쳾Ѿϵ
л쳾ոס˿л赣ͻȻһһǻת졣

һֱվ䳡еĳ׼սͻȻ̧֣һѽƣ
ʱһֱл赵­ԡ
л赺

׼ܵٶȣǵʱл쳾ҲûзӦ
лһҺѪ£ÿһ£ǿ̡
ڣʱһš

ڵһﻳعȫ飬ѪģЦóסһʺļһǣС˵ǰ˿ܣ㵽߳ŭɣ
ڶս֮УȻ׼ȷš˶սܵͭԿסΪ֪л赻ƽ磬ԱɶһС

һḧͷͷϣǸ͸Ĳ뽥߳ˮ顣
ʼڻˡ

ΪʲôôһһϰƬ̲УһһֻΪһˣ
Ѿ޷ưܵķ䣬ȴȻЦǰ

̧ͷǰдᣬĿ֮ǰ
þȫ̧֣ףΪȣֳ˽ɫơȫѪĴѪȾ
ñ˶졣

ΪǸʱҰ䣬¡Ѫȴ京Цһʵȳõöࡣϧһ̫ˡ㿴⣬ǻô
һͷͷ˵Ѿˣ𣿡
Ҫס˿ڣѪ֣




63.     ˻

ʮ£
, ̧֣ͷ͸Ĳ롣
ǲڻˮ飬ϵѪΪһ塣

һƬҵ, л赵ĲҺľ
ĿƹȥֻսеĽսħһͷѪ, ŰɫԽ˵Ŀֲ

л쳾Ȼ, Σҡ
˵֮ǰڣ
Ⱥ֮У֮˵Ѿϵǰлǰ, ҪΪлʹ

ڵһﻳ, ѪԽ, ˾Խ䡣ʼ
ǰһҲƶֻǵҿ
֮Ͼֻһ, ͷһۻҲ֡

ǻЦˡڵһǰ, ˵Ҹһ, ֮ҲҪǵá
ʲôѣһס
˵л쳾⡣ǡл赼ġΪ˸˽, ȥ֮ص, ҷ֡л˵ѡ

Χ, ʼŤڻ
ɽʣ･Ϊһ塣
ǻеĻȫ£סһǰ½Ȼ̧ͷ°͡

׹¡
ʱ, ԾɶԴ
£ֻż񾭹ɶߣȴһãмءʹҲù

ƶ׹䣬еѪ𣬶Ǽ֮ʹࡣ
ˮܻͷ֪ǵһˡ
֮ǰһԡͰҩԡš

Ȼ̤صȻһԡͰ
ֻñ󼲷һɨѾת˹
ǰˣһֱֻᰴѹؿڣƺȷеǷʵ

ڿǰˡ
һڷɢֻݲݹɫĹٷȻΪִ١
ǰ۳Ϳ˸ݡ

һɫʵܰ׾ֻ£̵ԵüΪۡľݣʵ
ףȻǮпɣҲûʲôı
ѵʮλʵУ

ԹȻš
ŬƳҥԣ䲻һʣڿʲôӸ£żֺɺ̽
ҵү֪ڿʲô

˲˻꣬ʱͣĿҲſգŬװ
һһ£ۣһ̧°ͣͬӡڷһ̣ɻʶ
̫ѩˡ

ʶڿʲô
ǡϸ롣
Ѹ£ۣĿӡŬ黯˫ͫĿɢ飬һɾ¼޵ģ

ʱһ߿
֮Ƿ˽
һۿһͻڣŵķض

ղŷʲô£嵽ǰΪξʵ̫棬ѱ١ۼ֮ڳһ
ǲˣʡ

£ۣҪشͻȻһȺҽŮҩͯۼſڡ
֮ĴӺڵʦ𣬷ҵһξξ֮á
ⳡʱҲһ޶

֮һȴǶԵһûˣ
һ£ۣޱصš
֮أһΣϷ˵л赡лԪл쳾֮󶼸ˣξ󣬵Ҳˡ֮Ϊ

һ£סۣ𣺡֪
֮ʱӵ۾һѾסڣ֪Ϊ˾֪Ҳ飿
һڵΪ˾Ҫ飬Ҳܸ¹ڡ

֮ӱԼһŷȳţʲôҲû
һҽŮƻǣ￴
ȡ֮ɿ֣촩£ǳɺͳ

˵꣬˳⣬ҪšһｫԡͰͻȻԣ
֮ʣʲô
һٴ̽ˮ£ʣʲôʱ

֮꣬شתţһ·ܵ׹µд
֮˸ҲסһܳΣʱͣԭ㣬δƶ

ξʵʱ䲢һҲҪʱ䡣
һԡͰˮ¶˿δвδ
֮أڴʱ˾ʦй

ʲô֮컯ջţ
ǵȴʦǼˣӷŴſܴɨ䣬üѾˣ
һԣͻȻʣǼ

ǣǵæ
ڿ֮˵⼸ˣ֮ǰȷʵˡʦɻǵãΪǳ˱ҩǡ

֮ɱȥ鿴һҲܿ촩ۡҪʱΪȡ磬һϡ
ĲȷʵڷС
˶ؿǵģ

ƺǵѾ£ЦڵЩֵܵĲ֢鷳ˡ
ں˼ֱһﲢ硣˵ǡڸоΣ

ֵܻһ֫˵ѾöˣֻÿҹЩͷۡ
ؽԼĲ֢֮˰ľ

һǵʣֵܵʬףδˣ
޹ʣˡ֮ҲӦʱһӣȥֵܵʬס

˲Զһеʦʬ׻ڡЩãһ١
⵽Ƿʲô£ʹ֮Ҳ𶯡
һ˵ʬ̧

ʬЩˣȻǺŲˡҲû취ֻűӣʬڳ̧ذ׹¡
ۼʬͰſڣһˣʣǿʶʲô
ߵʬǰ˰죬Ŀ¶⡣

⡭죿һ֣ҪʬϵȻָⴥɲǣʱ̣ͬһڻ
ܿ컯ΪС
˻عֻеϵ߸ʬɢŵĳ

ⳡ뵽֮ʱ龰
֮ܿⳡνֻ˶ỳԴйء׹»ס˼̱㿪ʼıԲߣҪ˾࣬ϼӿ

һһͻȻ֪ǷǰȥһϾСסգ
֮΢̾߰ɡ
һﲻΪ״Ӧ׼һ˵ǡ֮ȴ˻֣ΣؼڴŮа֮ã´ҡ׹Ǳ֮أȻԱ

ʱ綼ѡ
˵һֻǾ棬ôһΣ˾˿־塣

Ϊγ꣬ﶼб
ЩⱾӦȥˣ׷׳֡
ǵļ䣬ȫȻеļ䡣֪Ѿˡ

ڡ
л쳾ҷƵ˫ɹ籣ǵض
İദƺǰ
齣һ·

䳡ϿտҲ
ûл

л쳾鰸ط֣鰸ϾȻһ
ʱӿ죬˼˹ȥ
Ȼִ֮ʱȻڻʱΣΪС

鰸ϿտҲͬþ
л쳾ջ֣ٳĽֱ޸
޸Ул˫ֱͷֹ

л쳾ǰΪŵһεľ飬֡
Ȼл赹𣬶­ء
ǣ»صġ

Ул赵ͬ棬ʹĽսһˡ
Ҳ˵ƿ䳡ƽ磬Ҫȫʢ֮ɱ

һ棬һ󱲵Ӵܡս֮߳ŭƳʹɱ֡󷴱˾Ķսش
Щһ䣬л赵ǻԴ

ץסǼ澣лץסл쳾̬ҪУԽͷ֮ޣ
Ѿл쳾ǰˣֻİ

лһֱʮעݡʱʧ̬
һҵл쳾
аһʧĹǲ˻ֻл赵£ڵŶӰ졣

ҵץסץסл˫ֱͷƺĲһѽսħơ
л쳾ʵкܶ໰Ҫ
кޣΪʲô֮һֱ

ǵģ
µл쳾ѾףһеһУǻ
ڶΣıֱӡѡͶѧգڴл赡

л쳾⣬һη֣ԼҲ˽
Ļ
ҵʵΣѾѰҵķ򡣡

Ͼ
ʹ볯͢ҳһš
һ꣬ٲˣȥֻ˹

رǻʹѪĻӻŮʣˡ
аʮ˵Դ
Щԭȥˣѭеļ䣬д

͢µһ˹£ʱżѩƬһ˾ࡣ
»ͷ
һﻹû

ʱɲƼҡ
Ҳ
ƣȥΪΪװ׵һӵء

ϢҪķѼΪġ
澣ϣԼԶ޳Σ

ͷŭԸϵڣҪˡ
Ҳ֮Уʧ٣˴
ֻɽǰ󳳴֡

õš
¼˸˼ңʮġ
ǻ澳л쳾Ծټʦźͷңвĵ

ⳡУ壬ð˹ͣұл쳾ʶƣڴá
£ǽҿһƤ
Χ˿۹ⶼɹ졣

ķԭ˼ң£
ϻõһ𣬷ڣл쳾ͻ֤֮¡

Թ˲ϾӦȼëƤС£
ٲݷĵæչл赣лܳ塢ҪΪеıоΪϾǣϧӳƵͬʱϵڡ

λŴҪ˻
лܳȥ

˻ңлƶȻڰٲݷ塣
ʱ˿̣˭ܹ˵һֻСӵأ
ⳡһ˻ǣſ

лƶԹΡõǻΪŮ㲻䡣
ⳡУȻû
бûֻһֻΪеĬĬʮꡣҲûܵó֮С

ҲˡлƶͻȻ£ֱ˿̣޿԰εıˡ

ʱ˾һ̴̶ֻꡣ
ᳵ·ҵ˼˵鰸ͣڴ֮ϡ
ȻİҶûһ¡
ߡ




64.     ɢһɢ鷿Ĵζ

ʮ£
Ͼ, ˾ࡣѩϯ
һŻ֮ʱѾһ̯ʰ

˾, ѾʮλڵȺ
ݸһһѻɽ
Ҳǰ١

˴Ż֮ϻ˾ʱʮλĿһ, һ䡣
һɫ࣬»æ, ¶ΣҷĹ¡Ƕļ

Ȼݴ˵ҲλԱ, ǰϡʳҭ˭֪ڹ, ͬž¡, ö˶˵ǰֵ⡭˸Žδ, ַǼװ
һڣ˱׷˵ԼҷĹ¡

һȰѻƵǰ, ְůŵűߡ
Ż, ů¡һ̴̶ֻǰ, , ͻȻӦӣ

ӿطľϲ, ϧľʯܶ
̴̶껷һȦƺҲʱʶףǸξпɱлɨصŮӣʵ֮УȻǸˡ

ɵͣڻֱ, ˫֡
ðɣԭ㲻ˡ

ʮλصؽŹ¡ȻǰѾȥˣΪڹܹ˽ѣʵ֮渴
֮ɫأתʵһô

һ˵һ룬ʱȷ
ݴ˺ǲͷʲôʱˣӣ
һ˵ǽӴԼʵеʬƺͻʧ
ʧݴʣ˵ǽӴԼʬ壬ͻ

Ա֮˵ữһڻ
ʮλ˽Žɣⲻ֤ʵһתͷԱǰ׻˾ٴǵʬһ
Ӧһȥ졣

λҲֻһȴ
һﻺ⵽ߣǵ䣬֡
һͿϢڻֱϵӡ

Ҳһ˵¡
ȡһ鵤ñյװˣˮ󶪽ȥ
߳󣬶ιʳʽϰߡʱĻʲô⣿
һͷԽյ֮УͿʼʳ鵤

һջ֣пΪҲ˲١ܿϧΪıǣ̻ܵ궨롣
һΪȡë̺ǵ˫֮ϡ˫ҲҴ˽ȥ

ʮλ˾ĬĬؿһϤչˡͻȻݴ˷Ӧ˵˵м˶ƣ÷ʣĽλл֮ްɣ
⻰Ǵ˻ϻӡ

˷׷׵˻˻ȢΪ˲ϧ˳׼սܣѪ
˵֣һั졪ԼҼһôһⳡȫܹˡ
ֻмһȮ͡

һѺ
ˡ˵Ż˹һš󣬻̧ľʬ塣ʬͣѩ涼˰ײ
Ҳʱֹͣ˰ԣһˡ

׻ټ̸˱ѾأСǹ֮ãҽҩһ
һﶢĸˣʾ⣬֮һߣҲס˺

ƿײ˶ʱشֻ΢ʬͬŵһģһ
һ˵ˣͷ
ĸһͷˮʲô⣿ʲôһ

ͬʱͷȻſڵľʬ
סð죬ųǰ
⡢⡭ָԼʬ壬ð첻š

ҡѾˣһͽСʡ
ݴüǡ
ôܣ˴󺰣Щ٣ʲôϷ
ôһ˵ʱҲɡ

»Ա߼¼Ѷ쳣
֮Ѱ಻ס˵žڰ׹£Լʬڻʧˡ
һץסһͽൽԼʬԱߡ˴ʱҲʼǳ͢ơ

һһŭ
ֱӽʬϣӴԼʬɲǣͻȻŤ١֫嶼˲Ťڻʧ

ʣ˼ľ
Χһ絴˷·һ̣۵ŤҲʧ˿С˵ѣͷ˿Ҳûʣһ

λ˳ð죬ݴ˵δţ
Աߣ֮ʣЩ֮ˣѪ֢֮
˼Σ׷ҡͷݴ˵ǰһ޶֢
С˵ߣҲáк֮£ֻǺţҲ޷

ôһ˵ЦܴĸױǸ֮һȻô˵
̱

ʹԲ
ĻӡŮаʮ֮ࡣ
ʥȻҲǾ״Щ̸ֹһ޶û

һ߽˰Բһ㣬һʦ㡣
Ȼʦ㲢δֻƮƮصȻⴹǱðɡ

ʥ׵⻰ּЩӻŮаֲҲֻ°ס
ԭʦ֮ȸԣ֮
⣬ѡʧ١աҲ³֡
ʥˣľ

˸֮£ֵܿ÷з
һ˼ҪЩٴ䣬ס¡
ǵ磬ʦһگ顣

گгƣػʣȻ
ּ⵱䲼ȥи֮ˣ糣һ
նʵ۶£Ҳ˾֡˵ǡһʱ֮䣬

ʱڡ
ڴ֣Ҫ
лֻ֪ܳǸСֻ˽Ҳˡˣȴεõġ

ϧӳ˽ͬҪл쳾ͻ
ǵȻ֪ڣǸ֪Ļڲԡơʵʲô¶ʲ
ֻбڣл쳾л赣

꣬һֱ֣ա
⣬ΪʦҲҡ
ΡšߣҪŪϷʲô¡
ιìͷֱָл赣ܲʲôգ

дԣл赶Իɫģ˻Ϊ
ΣΪԹɢΪл赸

ĻȻߡûܼл쳾
лزܼ͡л쳾ڡ

Ͼ˾ࡣ
ѩ˳֣ǰڶ˱
ڴʱֻǰտտƺ֮Ȼѭȥֻһ˳ɡ

˫Ŀϵ籣һ޳޹˿˳Ⱦ
ѩ죬½Ţȴ
£ֽɡϰл쳾һ

л졢
ðŵлԵȡ
ǰ˵ݡ
Ҳֻɣŵһɵͷ

˾鷿
һͶĹģͼҳЩ߸Ƿȥƺûʲôɡ
αϵ鰸ԱߣҲܿϵݡûôġ

ͻȻſ»л쳾л
л쳾
һ֣Ī֮е£ʱŹ֡ܲŹ㽫˵ˡ

лһͣ۾ֲ̫ʹһ·ʮࡣѩеȺʵʧ񡣡뵽д裿
»ɢһɢ鷿Ĵζ




65.  ս   лأ

ʮ£ս

˾, ˾
л쳾УҲܿϡ
ûдߴ٣ֻյ, ĵȴ֪ģۺʱ, Ӳʧ̬

Ųһٲ, һϮѩ
л쳾±յվĿԣа, ƻ, 档

л, ʲôˣ˲ͣλ¡
л쳾ڿ, Ҽһ档
һЦĸ

л쳾һ, ֮䵽ʲôϵ, Ҽһ棡
ʲôϵһջĿ, ָմ˲ˮ, ڱ߰ửȦ, л쳾УҺʲôϵأ

ξ˾֪ҪҶ˵𣿡л쳾ԡ
˾֪𣿡һЦһһ, Ƿ̣̫ˡлҪԳȫǣҲлȫɺã

ȫ㣿л쳾üˣʲô
һ˵µںδѾ֪

л쳾Ȼ֪˵ΣԽָڣָܳ͢ʹˡ
һע⣬˾ѩء
΢Цлǲǻʣָܳ͢ʹܱƻ󣿡

л쳾ߣδӻ
ȻġξܴĽڡôܲģ
¶̨İޣлǼ٣

ǰл쳾ȷϲж٣ٴڡ
ڣȷˡ
ǰΰ꣬оģȴȻ԰£룬ưذ
һŮˣ

л쳾һʣֻǵΪβԳ棬һ
˵ϾϵӻңðȻ棬ƽǵأ
˵Ҳǡл쳾ķѩʣôִأ

һﲻ˵̼ǵһУлдĺ飬ɢʧˡȻͷлдһݡ
л쳾ɫƽֻ˶ԻҲʲ顣ԼҲֻǴɫˡ

ԣ˵ҲɣͽȥҲܳҲδ֪
Ȼˡл쳾֮£⡪ڵһξ¾Ѿ¶˶ߡ
ͥ⣬ѩ绨ͥԺ

Ķ죬Ǹ⺮䡣л쳾£££˵ˣҲá
һʾ⣬˷ֽʡ

ֽڱ߰С̿л쳾ֱʵī߷ѩЪжѻᡣ
֣
ǰν٣ʱͼذֵĻҪʲô㶼ȥɡ

һ飬籣д
һ飬֮һ֮봢﷨֮С
л쳾˵˴飬Ըһˣ
Ȼһﴽ΢ȫǷЦ˵ȥ

л쳾Ц˾࣬ȷʵöࡣּһ棬ҲҪͷȥ롣
һﱾߣԽŲ΢٣˵ʲôȴֻ˳ĻӦһ䣺л˵ǣڡǽˡ

һŶȥл쳾漸߳ԶשСԣһ÷ѩݱ
վ£ͥлѩӯϥ

л쳾֣ѩܷУƮƮҡҡ׹ġ
˵쳾ȥ֪Ƿټ֮ڡ˻ѩΪȡ˺ĺǡĺĺʱ

ɴӴ꣬Ҳûյ֦
񳯺ѩѡ˾ˡ

ѩ֮У˶
л쳾ջߣһҲͫɢ䡣עѩУֻһһˣ˶
ţ

ǵġΣϰһˡ
һŮˡ

紵ѩҡɡں
Եһߵúܿ졣
Ƭ֮ϵŮӣ˻л쳾ȥǵȻǻ

һɫɴȹȹɣɴ⻨ǣƷѩܳĽյ
Ҳ룬ͷбһεķᣬ顣

ƺ䣬˺ɫ磬ϵһβաϸ޳ᰴϵ֮ϣָҲ׺
ȫ£»١

л쳾룬ῴһ
ϣɢѩ޷ڻɾɣòȴʧȥꡣ

л쳾ǰһУ˵ЩֵĻɽ˿ɵĺۼ
һѾŽɣû뵽Ļ

Ҳǻĵһ֡
Ҳǹ͢ûڡ
߻Ͷ˵һ
ʦһӣӳǰһ̿ʼѾһƭ֡

û
ִ̧ʱָĴСһ̣λһɵڲ
֪ʲôΪڵ˭

ֳڣƺҲݶϢ
һｫůƹŵűߣ˵лʲôϽʰɡȥڻˮ飬Ц˵Ͼ񡭡úܡԭҲǲԸ͵ġ

ǣл쳾ֻʲô
鰮棬ܿ棬ʮҲ档
ֻʱǨԡ

л쳾Ҫס֣һܿ쵲סˡ΢ŲһŲ˵л֪ܲŮ֮ءоʮʧ񡣡
л쳾ƽһڷӿŬԼҪȥ

ȥһʲôЦ£ʣȻأл赣
л쳾סЦʣߣոţлף

ס֣˵أٲȻǳЦ֮״
л쳾ŭһӣ
漴һͲˡ˵꣬ḧ˳ĳл쳾ǵɲһΣҲûһΪеĵ

һΣл쳾ЦԴҲü񣬡ƾʲô˵ƾʲôƾʲô϶Դ

һｫᰴڻͷл쳾ӣ粽ãƾа꣬Ӧ󣬴ӦΪޡ
л쳾ѪͣŲ΢һ

ϿһΣҲܵ棿л쳾ЦһգҷҪ뿪ɡл쳾Ϊһºͣ˽ԼټǿӲ֮ˡĽ֣˵˭Ҳֹ

Ǿһ°˺ʾһ䣺һɡ
Ҫ֣Ʊزڻ

л쳾һĬһͥС
ѩХһһڳ֮жѣ֮䣬ѩ絶

л쳾Ľҫأһ·ɫۡһŶƣѩϣƣΧ˶֪ˡ
Ȼл쳾һն䣬磬һ㡣

һп˰꣬ڵʽָơԶֵһ֮ƣָצ繳ػС˶ֻýָצȫǲӰ
ͥ˵Ǹż

Ըͥ˷ֳʤҪǵĵһ򲻹
л쳾Ȼɶ񣬵˵
һȣȷʵ˺οǸˡΪ֮ϣͻ쳣Կ

ͥУ˵ȻӲƴ
ȻӦսҪȫл쳾ǲ֪
˾ȺˣҲ²ʲôɰУҪǱڵϴ˸
붼¡

ԣҲʹ˻и
﷨Щء塢лһɿҲǼδġ

ȷʵл쳾ûм
޴ӳͲףըضʯʲô
Ǹѩ̣һоͻᱬԲʲô

֮һ˾˾Ծһɡ
л쳾ʢŭ֮£Ҳ˹Ѳ
ôѾʲô롣

¿Ż裬ůůͺ͡ļ١
»˷׷׸Ȼûá
һս˾ûܹ֡

˼תڻһλߣ
֮첽ҲսĶˣֱ
һ˿ϣ

֮ߵ̧ס̻궨β
ٲס֣Ϸǰγ룡

лл㣬Ŀһĺ⣡

ͥ⽻սĶˣȴס֡
˾һƬǽ壬ѧԱǶ㵽һߡһ첽л쳾ȻҲ
֮Ȼסβ̻궨ȴ­Ծʹ

ĿⶼЩ£֮ڵл쳾˾ࡣ˴Ϸտ㾡ɷġ
֮ݣ˵⻰˵
л쳾üлĳ֮ޣ˾ࣿ

֮˵ڣл赽
⻰һл쳾ǶסãᡭԻȫ

л쳾һｫһƣл쳾㵱棬ȫ̻궨Ϊȫ໤޸ҲΪȫ໤
л쳾ĿڻϣľȻ˫նԲһļ

ô˵óڣ
䡢䱸֮״һĻֻһͷѵա
ʮ񼣬ȴδ֤ʮ겻գ˭֪пʹ
ټ˵ȫ໤ɾȻǧٿס

ҡӭŻɢĿ⣬˵ʣµĻ
֮˵ǵĶԹϷ򲻹ܡͻҡ˾ڱͨࡣڴɱ֮ٸҶ֣ϷͰѾͷ̻궨룬

˺˾ϤϸϸԲףʥ׶˵Ļ
ҩͰӲ

л쳾Ľתͷһֻڴ˵ԻὫӻء
һЦлƾ¹ĹˣҪӻȥȻҲҪƾ¡һ²С
»˾ԡʵл쳾ʤһϹԼҼ޵С

Ȼл쳾ᡣǰ̧ҪվûС
񣬷·֪޾
Ǽöһˣ¶̨꣬Ҳ¡
л쳾顣

ǾԲ֣ôࡣ
˵ҡҹ̻궨һмأǰ
֮һ˵ȥɣס֮˵ҲһҡĪѧȮĻҧЦ

л쳾ٴοã֮ʩһת뿪˾ࡣ
ѩδͣϾĶ죬ˮɱ

һḧͷ˵ʵҲʲáػɣԲԣ
ŵʲôƨ֮üĿ̾Ϳвģ£²֮󣬾ͽͷĿĶֲʦ֣ľ࣡

һͨŭѵ˾亮
ֻлŵһḧͬ仰
кβãЩȥ˵ԸǶΣ
δأ

ʱڡ
лܳͷ綷أֹ
ϧƺӳ鿴ˣ֪ʲʲôҲĽ

ڴʱл쳾š
ϧΧȥϧȿڣ
Ʋ䣺л֮£ڱһ
ϧһʱ鼱Ȼֱʡǰ

л쳾ɨˣʱǷκ١
ѹӣʵʮһǰʧˡ

ϿڣϧҲһ
æʣΪʧ٣ʧ٣лΪζô꣬Ѱҹ

һ⣬ֻȷʵ̫಻֮
л쳾̹׻л֮£ôŶṫл赡
Ҳ˵䴧⡢Ұʷ˵Իǧš

ʧ֮˽Ѱҡֻǡ΢١
ӳֻʧ٣Ѱ޹
л쳾ĬϣӳѵӴϢһ塣Ҳ˹ģѰʮ֮á

ϧллл
˵ѾֻõлأιΣìͷֱָѵлͰͷҲޣ

ӳҲֻÿģлˣѵҪɣ
Ȼл쳾ԭΪ˹ƻ󡣵գȥ˾࣬
ᵽ˾ͻϧ˶ʱЩ顣

л쳾ŵϴ˴룬ϸۼ֪ǺǰΪ֪λǰӺδ֪̽䡣
ЩΡ㿴ңҿ㡣󣬻˵ȷʵðҵҲ˾˵𡣡

ϧʱˡӳӻһټˣ˵л֪лʲôɸ˵ܡ˭֪ȴлѺ޸֮У

ҵһܲ޹ܺһһǱڡ˼Σ˵¶һô֪˾̽ӣ

ӳ˵µ̽ӣǼлԪлӣϺЩ֮ĸǳ˾ࣿԼڹ
ССϧͬ

л쳾ͷλ˵ǡ£һлλ˵ף£޸֪áĿʹòŵϾأһ·Ϸ˼˽һ֮

˵Ρš˷Ĭ
˵𱸣л쳾Щ꣬ʵҲûΪ֮±ڶԷҲʵǹĶࡣ
˵лҲô롣Ǿ׶Σﲻܰװܺ˵Ȼ࣬ԣл빫л赣

֣ɼء
֮УߣŹ
ʩ̻궨ÿһͽһ붨
Ӧġ

л쳾˼һ᳹¡ֻƾξֲ֤ܳƾ޾ݱҪ˼ҡɲ֡
˹֣лĳλǰҲ֮жᡣ

֮𣬾Ȼ
ΡšˣҲǶݡ
л쳾ˣսΡšһ֡
ݣŵһɡ
ЩͣҲ١

ôһˣԴǿУæ˵лˡҵȲҵ
л쳾һҾ׷ȥ
һͦεˣ΢΢ֳƣ֮⡣

׷壬޸
л赾Σߴɡ˵һʱµľ֢֮ͷ
ٲݷĵӲͷûԵ˿ڣͷһʹɵ
һʱ֮䣬λźǰȻ䵽˵زҲѾҡҡ׹




66.     лʧ

ʮ£
л쳾վ޸, ۿл˫ͷʹֹ
㻹ûҵǼ𣿡л
л쳾ʵԸ棺˾ࡣ

˾ࣿл˶, ʣΪβѵһ˾࣬˿𣿡
л쳾ߵǰ, лһѳٲݷӷͷϵҩ
߿ŭȡ

ԲΥ׷׸ˡ
лһͷ, һ˵
л쳾עʣһֱףʦΪҪ

л֪ʣ˵ʲô
л쳾̻궨֮, ѾС
͸Ӧý, ɱԾ󻼣лŭ, Ϊˣ˺εʧ˾, ˵¶ǳָ͢ʹѵ

л쳾лĻ, Ҫˡ
ָܳ͢ʹ, ̻궨, Ϊһ

л赼, գ쳾⺢, Сµֻг󻼣
л쳾ʣͷϵ̻궨룬ʦΪԲԣ
ңлҪ齣ҵͷʹ, ʦ

л쳾˵лЦãܺãϷģҪɱϷǼ˱𣿡
Ѽл쳾
һ·˼¡

лʦӡ
ô꣬һֱûȥֻֽΪ֪ξ
²棬лĲкԼǲܹΪ

壬лַŻ˵ִȢΪʦ㲻ʡǼ˱Ǹ档Ϊʦ룬ᣬѵʲôҲ̼֡Ǻ쳾ϲݡȻͼң£Ϊʦ̡

л쳾˵ԣʦ
лЦΪӦã

Ȼʦᵽ䣬ôʦ¶̨Ҫߵʲôл΢л쳾ʵ䣬ʦߵӣҪ˵ʲô
Ϊʦ֪лߣҥԣαںаʼ͸

һĸףԵؾŶӵһ¡
л쳾ٶ˵˳޸

һֱȵӰʧлϵʢŭ֮ɫžͷȻͷ­ʹȻ˼ȴ
л쳾ûɱⲻ֣Ӷһοǵӡ
лԪǸɡ
л̾һѾüޣˡ

޸⣬лܳѾ˺ܾá
л쳾æӭȥ
л쳾ʣЩѲ飬

ӵһν֮л쳾лɡ
лܳ׷һ˿ȻΪڶεĵ飬δн

лܳ˵ԣҴЩ귭鼮沩Ⱥ飬ļΪӡҳΪĴ࣬۾ɡұ㽫Щط
ܺáл쳾кη֣

лܳһѽ⣺ֻý
˵꣬óһּǣл쳾

л쳾ˡ㵱֪ĪҪᡣ
лܳ˵סֻǡʦ֣
ֹл쳾ļ磬˵

ص壬л쳾ʼϸⱾּǡ
лܳ¼ʮ꾡ĶȷʵǷţ༰ѹҲͷ
л쳾Ͼͬ
Ŷ۽˭ҳƵһ
ǧ֮䣬Ҳһѡ

ʱ˾ࡣ
˾ڷޡռл쳾ôһ˾ѧᱻ˴롣
ֻһ߱Թһðѩޡ

⣬ĵطȻܴŻ

ǼŻһ·ȸ˾鷿
﹫Ķѻɽ
ǵȻģΣ˺֮¡˵͹ٸˣҲ𶯲˾ȻǿҪûˡ

һｫƵ鰸ߣͷ˵ڴ˵ȺЩ֮Ϊˡ
˵꣬Ҫ뿪ͻУ˵Ļ

ҪӦңԺȢӣҲԲң۸ҡºڣҪһֱơҲϲһˣȥﶼҪҡ˯ҲҪңҪ˵
ȻǸʧ䣬˵ˡô˵ȥҪ̫ࡣˡ

ס֣˵Ļȫǵá㲻õġֻǹӣ̫󣬶㲻áҺܿòã
Ȼ𻰣估ԣ˵˵˵

Ŀƣ󶨸һ֮ϡ
ˣ

һʯʯ͸
ùע룬Ȼڴߣ˵￾𣬱ϻ
˵꣬ͷؽʯͷڻ˫֮ϡ

Ȼ󣬼˿ųȥ
űϣֻлȼյӦиķ˾Ķ
Ŀ⻺ƣеʯͷʲô

Ȼһ֪ˡ
ֻʯͷԹһϢһȻʼ˵￾𣬱ϻ
ɫǣ緽ŵһ˵

Ȼⲻ¡
µǣôһֱظ仰
һͿʼ˵һһ仰˵ꡣѭ
עⶫʱȻ
Ⱦң˭Ⱦң

΢˽
ƴʾ⣬ϣеɫܴһֱʯͷȻôֻܶⶫһ

ȵɫȫһȻ
ºɫ磬ѩֽҺá
Ȼڴӻȡǿʯͷ

ʯͷУȥס졣
ջ֣ºʣǲǺöˣ
øöۣԣֻһľ

˾ؽｫһɺãһｫƵߣʻȴҲϰĲӦ
鰸Ѿѻ˺Щһ⣬Ҫתͷһߡ

ƻҵȤĶ㿴òãԼϡ
ֻúһƬʵůʯɵ˺ǼСЩ

˰뻷ȻʼЩ顣
ˮһУͬްꡣʬ¹йŹ֣ϱ˾ࡣ˲鿴ʣ˼Բԣ

Դ˳ֱ̬ȡ
һַһݸУȱʲƣҹĹŮʬòĴ󶯣֮ϡҺôŧ


ܲȤס

һһΪ飬ԾģЩѪȲб֮¶һһԹ
ֻʣЩȤšͬ

һֱҹ֮Ŷ롣ǵΪʩʱǡ
һĻ㻹˰ɡ

֮һۿ龰ü
ǵȻġʱһ鰸󣬶ϣ뻷ڻƣ̫ˡ

עӰ죡֮һ䣬漴̿ϸ̲һ
һｫϣķɿˮɢ

֮ſʼΪ롣
ϴι֮У˵һЩǰã񣿡һһߣۼ֮ʩ룬ĿȴעŻ

̻궨̫ܴߣʹ࣬󡣡֮⽿εεģ̶ꡣãмǣ
һһʱҲôá

Ϣ֮󣬳ڻƼҡȻȣҲȱʳ˼ҡ
΢ȴƶڣҲ಻ĵطվҲǽʳֻ־

ʮĻԵ

ʲô֮ʡ
һ˼ãϴι֮У˵һЩΪɡ
֮ĺĶʱȫ𣺡ʲô

һڻǰḧ˳ĺڷ˵л쳾⣬л˵ѡ
⻰һ֮ʱҲüõлɽʰл쳾˵٣л쳾ݸߣ롣˵ǵʱ֮ӣĸѹȥݸȻΪ֮磬ܹա

ǡһ˼ã£л赲δڣӦм١
ĬĬ˵뷭ۡ
ܿ췢֣һʵһֱעԼ
ڲ鿴Լǲ

䵽֮¼ֱһ
Ҫ̽ˣǾ͵˰ɣ

ȥȫ޷ӦǵһҲֻܷ
֮˵Ѿͷǳҧл赣ԭɡȻô˵ˣȥҲ޲ɡ
һӦһҴȥһݡ

֮ü֮Уǳ˷ͷֻʮעĿôţͼı졭
һ㣬˵޾塣Ӧʹȥ
Ǹӡֹ֮һ䣬ϷҲһ˰ա

ڡ
л쳾лּܳƴƴմգȻǿϳһ׹
һһƽ
ֻʣĬ

ʱٲݷӼǲˣ
л쳾վҪ޸ܿ죬סΣ֪ˣܿͻȥ
ǵӼû̶˼ֻôӦһȥ

л쳾ɨ鷿ãͳһ﷨̻궨ļص伮һһպãС

ڵ⣬ԣڣ޸ǱߣˡӶȥˡֻĲˡ

л쳾£ŵĴ﷨ϣ㽫͵˾֮࣬ǰ
ǰ˾ˣȡȻȡҽʥ֣һ֮һʥס
ʦѾʥ£֮²ʲô¡

Ȼл쳾ȴֻǵȥɡ
ҲҴ𻰣̶ֻ

ʱл쳾¹ڣ׷塣
׷壬޸
ȷʵչػ˵ĳ϶Ѿˡл쳾Щ˷׷ǰʩл쳾Ҳһһ

Щǣл쳾ʵʮְŷ
ڶ֮£䲻£ȴҲϤ˵ʱл赵Ĳ飬ɫء

дϳǰһ˵
л쳾ܹˣҲʶȤûиȥ

뷢԰ףɫҲ㡣˵赵£Ƕ˵ˡ˵ʧȣϾҲС񡭡ΣԼʱ޶ࡣ¡ϣܺΣҪӰš
̾һǧ鹣֮ס

л쳾˼ʣϵĻҲϵ˼
˵ΣǴΪأ𣿡

˵Ĭϡ
л쳾Ŀƣϡ
Ҳ߿Ȼǵͬ

л쳾˵ʵ֮У޻̻궨̣֮ȻΪˡǰ룬᲻ָܳ͢ʹֱۼΣӦи
üɾн̻궨̵֮ˣܸԭ𣿡

л쳾㳹֪ʮλϵ˼
ĻֻҲ˵Ļ
лۿͲˣˣôʲô˶ϣ׷Ǿܹԣǰʾл쳾Ϊл赵Ϊƺ

л쳾˵Ҳñȡ˵ףл赶˼ɻ䡣
̻궨֮Ͻ˽á

޸֮ˣÿһǾŹĶͽ
δộ

ǹҲѴ̡
Ȼչأ񡣵Ĵ£ⲻ˻Ҫġ

л쳾עǰϣʣôͰװ𣿡
΢ε赿ʦʮǰɽ֮½㱧ءʱ㣬ûࡣۼ⿪Ŀڱɽšů˰ޣܿ޳

ǡǷл쳾飬ʮֵȻͨʲôһ
״ɵʦͽ縸ӣǸӣҲ̸ϿǷֻѾ֮ǡǴĳ£֮ϴˢ

л쳾˵ٲ޸
ֻڵϣлѾֽϢҲţֱл쳾ĽŲ۾

ˣл赵Ҳɬͬ
һԣлԪ汾Լףлһл쳾̵ȳȥҺлҪ˵

лԪ淭˸ۡ
Եһ֮󣬽˼ա´ײΣϢ
ȻлԾһл쳾ȫȻûˡ
лԪһڴСҲϰˡл쳾һۣ漴ȥ

л쳾齱ߣӸµעϵл赡
л赲ЦΣϷҲ;ƿݵʱ̡Ժţ㽻иˡ

л쳾һץסлҪл쳾ֻһһ֮ϣֳë˶ʱа첻
ԹΪʳϰħ飡϶

лȴҲл쳾ɿ֣شΣĴ治ʣҪɵΥ
̾˵Υ

л쳾ûٿڡ
ǰˣӺܻܿӺЩ޹ĺӡȴֻΪϰһħԹΪʳΪ
˵Ϊħ飬Աʦк𣿡

лЦ÷̣Ǹ澣ϷͲˡҲãҲավҲֻһʯˣ̫ڣִͥǼߣǻ
˵⼸仰㴭Ϣһ󷽵ǳȥΪʦܷġ

л쳾þòԡ
ţл赶ԼĶ¡
֪ģţһë

ҼǵãҴСס޸߳󡣡л쳾
лؿڼЩ£
л쳾˵Сʱ˯ͬһŴԴЩ㽫Ҹϵƫסҹ£ֲҽ㡣ֻö⡣ϨƣҲش

лû˵ؿڣĿȴЩ㱡
顣ѵҲ̾һ䡣

л쳾˵ҴС֪⡣۸Ҷšֱһ죬ô٣һ١˵Ժɱ֮ᣬҲһ
ԺսԼлЦŵô꣬㣬ܻ񣿡

л쳾ס֣֮лһ䡣
л΢΢һʣʲô
л쳾ſ֣ͬķ䣬ֻǷֹۣͬȥлзӡۣʦϰħ飬Ȼ֪˷Զᡣ

л΢һ̣еĳʧ¶һֵ顣
ʦ֮ΪʦӺޣ಻ӡ񣬵ԴǣлʦƽԴ֮ʦͽֻʣԹ

޸ڵ֮У
лֻԪ޴Сл쳾ȥ
ĩͻȻʣл쳾ѵûϷı

л쳾û˵
Ȼ
괦ĻǣϰħÿԶᡣ


Ȼûлش
һ̣絹̣ιļƿƤ⣬¶һƬѪ졣
ˣɵлԪл쳾壬˵Ѿл쳾ɵ

ָ̾
ҳı꣬ƲδȻԼǡ

­ڵľʹʧˡ
л赶ǰġԼԭԼѾ˲ˡ֣ҪԼʱҲ۾

Ǹ׷ԲԵġԼվоֹȫȻͬ
ҲעŶġл赡õҪɱ𣿡

л赶˶⸱壬Ȼл쳾ֵ꣬ͣ׳ꡣ
ðĸǣѰ
׽ǡÿ

л赶ǰӵԼ૵쳾Ҷôһ˿˿ġжˡ
þòʣ˵İ

ֳĬ˺ܾãʮļ̫ѪˣҲණ׷롣
ϷᱣͷòЦϾһһθжˡ

գڶлʧ٣䲻
ͬʱԻ֮Ϊɣڣ߶ͣŵѣһ׷ӡ
Ŵ󻩡




67.     Թǰ

ʮ£

ڵһ, Ǻ˼ִ
ڵĶʮϣ쳣ǿӲҪл쳾ȡ׷л赡

ЩǣȻƽʱ¡λ
Ҳܹųŵһڵ̡

Ǹó, ѳѷסƽʱȻҲмȨ
οл쳾ƷΪǶʮ⡣ô, ڳһֱл쳾ʮְ֮, Զл赡

Ⲣζţл쳾Թл赣
л赱Ͼһε裬ٹ꣬Ҳ, ңա

˿Բл, , ǿԲϲл赵硣
ǣ˭Ҳɷ, лΪ棬, ڵ֮һ

л쳾Ҫ׷л, ·, ˣ
Ǿ

ҷƵ, л쳾ǰ, λϵ룬Ҳֻ
̬üͷ壬Ҳû˵ʲô

лֵ˵زҲںˡ
⻰Ѿʮֲãϸˮ
նʱʮء

л쳾ȻѾл赡
ػ, пϲѼЩʮ
лʱʵóϲã΢ǡ

ֻҪ˴лڵʱ֮УҲȷʵ
ȻϲȴҲûзԡ

ۼЩ˸Юʦ
лл쳾ĿǣֻǿӦ
׷л赡Ҫáл赡һͽ֮л쳾Ļš

л쳾ǣϻʦ
ǶԷڣ˵ʲôĻǺã
ܻҪԷڶ֮ϣŷġ

һƱصЩϡ
лЦȴҲֻװл쳾ƽʱĹ˳λϣɣִ֮ţлʦΪšҲǲѣֻܴסλ½⡣

ǣô½⣿
л쳾ڽ޸֮ǰλϾѾ̬ȡ
ȻڡţֱһǶϡ

Ȼ䣬һϿѩͩ͵ճϵĻǰ˵ˡ
һԹ𣬳ɫȻΪѿ
ͬл쳾ֱӵ̳׷취л赲ܹ󡣡

ȫȻ
лͷʱѾܹЩϡ
벻ò׻л쳾ҲҪ϶ָֻš

ǿѹӣλϣ£ҼΪоϡҲضˡ
ǹȻˣ˾ŭѡ
ⲻл쳾һߵ硣

л쳾ˣʵһº͡
žҵҵҲԸ⻨Щ˼ȡ֮
ҲŸӵԭ

գΪ䡢һУ
߳ҷƵʱɫࡣ
µѾ׷л赣Ȩ볤֮ìܡ

ҷƵڵҡ
л赵屻ǽߡ
ȶǽڣɢҵİ׷ס

л쳾ŽҲδû̧ͷл쳾ֻȡҩŵǰ
Ƴأ²ʣʱաҩ䲻βҲҲл쳾ȴסл赵Ԫ

ǽˣٲȻԼ
л赾ӽǣʮ֡

ǽ۾˿̣Ӧͷʹѵġζлˡ
ȴʮƽʹӵģ
ʱлԼһ㱡

л쳾Ҳ֪ʦΪħ顣ѵõҵǡϣʦ˽
죡л赳˽Ȼģ쳾ˣԴ˫ǣҲѳɴ£

˵꣬תҪȥл쳾̾һȰʦػӦͷ
лĻڶ

ͷЦһĿʲô֪ǿ
л쳾ƣ˰ҡ

˾ࡣ
һｫůůͺͣҪһݸȻ˵Գлͽ

֮ҲѾҩ䣬ҪͬУԵл쳾̻궨ϢڣǸ˽Щ
һ̽ӹһö﷨

򿪷ȻǷ伮
ͷǰһｫЩ֮䲻ģֽҳƮ䡣

˺ֽ֮ҳһҳ䡣伫ΪŹ֣ڶҳһֽкķ

߽ע⡣
һϸףϣͷβŪ顣

֪֮˲Ըл쳾Ȼ͹ԵɣպΪϡ
ڴʱ»ҴҸڴϢ˵лʧˡ

ʧ٣Σһ֮üͷ
һһ֣ⶼҪ

»ɫأΪֵǣл쳾ͻȻţ׷л赡˾޶͡
ȷʵ֡һĿ˼Ϊ

֮ҲʣΪǰﳤͬ⣿ǲϹ
¹Ҳ벻ͨ»˵˷׷׳أϢ֪̽ˡ

ߵл赣ֻȥδ˲ӣܶڵ׷һãԲý⡣

ʱڡ
лܳ壬ضл赵׷

лܳп಻Խֱڴδй֮¡
ɼ֮ì

ֲΥ棬һʱѡֻٴλл쳾
л쳾Լ˳ǰ޸̸

ʱɫл쳾ĺøУ¸ǰ
Ȼ񣬵ȴŵǿս

ЩǰǷԼĻѾãǻ취õġ
Ѿʱܿ

Ͼл쳾ĵ͡һУв֧鹡
ԣл쳾ٴˡ

һΣл쳾Եǫࡣ
ϣ£ҲǰУۼѣһʱߡΥλϡ¡

ԵǸְޡɫ΢ÿЩǰϷ˵ʹлҲɶ֣졣л赴ˣ֮˽²ҲˡαطҪŪ˾֪

ĳȫΪſǣ״ӣ档ֽʲôӣ
л쳾ЦΪһ裬˵ǡçײˡ

֣Ҫӹвյһ߻˵ܼʱڸģұͬ顣¡
ͻȻл쳾ָһ籼ף

һֻһɺһȻһѪŷӦʲô£
л쳾͵ϮԼ
۾첻ţ

ǰл쳾һе֣੹ЦϹ֣ˡ
Ѹͳһɫ죬һҡ죬Ѿʧԭء

л쳾һлգιð׹㲻л쳾˭
ʣǰġл쳾Ϻۣϲ졣

ٶҡ֮ʱȻأл쳾ȻһŽв߷ɣһŽߵ

걾ͺָֻš벻ô꣬㻹ԡл쳾к޶һֻŲۣȻвǾñ㾲һģ
һ£ֵϤʽȷǰ˭

л赣Ȼ㡢㾹Ȼ
ʹȷǰ˵ݣɲţ㾹Ȼ

л赻߽л쳾ԭ忡ƮݵĿ˿ѪĹ̫ˣɵӣǺ

ɱѪҺ˱㷽ãʲôа
л֣л쳾֣ԭ޳ྻ˿̣ȫǾɫ硣ȥʮֺˡ

Ϻ𣿡лָһգֻ˱һɴԼΪԴԴлȥ
ǱϺͣлоǵɫ

ǡħ飡³ĸ֣ȴּѵôܣħ飬
лЦԭҲв֪¡һΪ֪ء

һΪٴνӵϡ
г֮У㣡˵Ż롣ϸ̻䡣һ˶ɫ

л赣ʲô˫ֳŵأơ
ʲôл赵ȻóϿһ֮

һ̣ޱߵĿ־塣
ΪϣȻ˽̻궨֮

գл쳾޹ʩ֮£ʵ޲
˵ףһȵŮӰˡ
л쳾Ϊ͸ԴΪأɶŮ鳤

ٵ˿̣룬
лϵаʮ֣ȥħ飬öࡣ
ʧܷˣһΪޣΪľ

лһ߲ʹâһʧ
Ϊϲ֪ж졣϶ҪףҪɱȴ鷳

޸зʲôҲӲԶ
лһĴȻڵﴫһ졣

صڣҪ׷ȥлܳѩͩϹˡ
ѩͩл¶Цݣ

Ͼ˾ࡣ
һŻ֮ҪǰݣͻȻǰ
֮ü¶࣬˳š

һﲻֻǰôּ
ӯӯЦ˵˭˵ء˵и˵ãȲҪˡ

ˣһü
ֽŵˣ»˵λֵܽúܾòˡū͵˾࣬ҳ˳㣬һӭһӭ͡

һˣʦ˵ǿ
תͷ֮ǰ˵öԣ¶࣬ʵ˳š
Ť˵ĻֱҪ˯

ӻ֣漸ʻ׻˾
˵ֵܽȷʵˡ

Ϊֵܽʵ̫࣬һϲȫ
ЩӻŮۣϻźɫɴȻЩη⡣

֮Щ˵ʮָȤ鿴
ǵһμ֮ĻӻŮ

Ǹɫ䣬еϳۣеǽɫͫ
ȥ;ãǵһΪ˳ۡ

ˣҲ
˵ǰʮͬʳͬ޵Ǹ𣿡һ̧°ͣ٬ò

˵ɲǵһ
̾һˣôû㳤

Ȼ֮Ҫȥ죬һｫŲŲЦȤ籾˽͵ϣΣ

֮º޼䣬иֻǵа֮¡
ԣЦղ㵹Ƕ˲١
ǲ˵ˡ

ڴʱҴҸл쳾ͻȻϾ
еʹͣ٣л쳾

һ֮ͬ
лŮѵָ֮ˣл쳾

û֮üϴл쳾ǰһｻ֡
Ŷã
οڷţɵ伮ô췭ģ

һͬҲ롪л쳾ǹҲôٶɱ
Ȼл쳾ȴڡ

Σơ
˾ֻӭС

һｫ֮ӡŮԼ˾ս˾⡣
Ͼڳڡ

ȻһӰԽԽת˲ǰ
л쳾

һ£׵һɣﶼſ֮
һˣϣҲܵ𣿡

һüлպÿƣôĿ߻ħˣ
л쳾߽Цʦֻǰ𣿡

һЦҲ֪ΪͻȻ衣лǰϾΪ£
ڴʱڳ֮⣬ݼϣ㣬һԡѪ鴫ͷ
л쳾˸ߺСģ

䣬ел쳾̧֣ƮƮһһ
Ȼ㹷˲ͬ˵еľȴ١еġл쳾һƿǰȴ˰

ľδֻеһĻһ飡ʯש˲ɷĩ
һƣ޷Խɱ

˿һƣƺ
еġл쳾ҲһƺԽΪ⡣

ֻмĿⴹأעŵˮ͸Ƭ
Ƭ̺ᵧϻҳ̬ɣתͷ֮ͬ˵ϼ䣬СܽһЩ£̾

֮һֻվ֮ǰʣ͢һֱƽ档лڣҳ飬ԭڣ

Ȼˣ˵ʲô˲δϸ
ֻǿ첽֮ǰȡһңݸ֮ǰŰ뿪Ͼ

֮һ㶣֮ŷӦ⻰ĺ塣
ŭеǰ˵ʲôƨ

һЦ־κ֮У֮˽ûãڴ˼䡣³ͻȻһ΢ĩ⡣ǰС
˵꣬ĿƣҪȴջء

ȥɡᵯָ⣬ת̬һ˵ĻٲãҲһԹǰġ

ǰ֮лѵǿѹͷߡǺųƵһɣѵҳ͢˲ɣ
л쳾֣֮һֱ֪Ǻκ塣
ֱл쳾Ľ֣նһ

һϢֻ֮һͷ絹أಿȻվ
ʱֻ̣һ仰һ֡




68.  Ϣ   Ҫٰҩˡ

ʮ£Ϣ

л쳾һ, һڻӻŮȫĬ
䶼һ¡
⡭л쳾Сʡ
һУ˶ѾʦѪʣǴ֮С

һü, עӿһƽº֪񣬱ÿġл쳾
Ǻˣɫʻ, ȴɨ֮
֮Ż˳Ⱥ

Ҳ˾, ֪ǰл쳾״ԡ
䲻֪ǺԭȴҲǱŻ
ʱҲ˵Σδע⡣

ֻǣֿ֮һ۵һֻλ˾վ֮ǰ, , ͦΡδ˿
ʦӵòԹֹһ䡣ŻҪ˾뿪

ʱ, ϵĻһᡣ
һ, һ䶣С
Ƕ˵л쳾ɵ׷ʲô, Ҳ֪

ɶ֮, ϻŵһΪƵ硣ų׼, ˫ϻë̺
Ǹ˵¶, һֱߡ
ɵʱ, ʲôˡ

£Լ
㴧⣬Σ
Ϊĸ֣γ

֮ᣬѩ֮Уһһ, գ͸
֪֮ԷܿܳŻҲֻͣǵĪҵ˵ĪѹϷӦ֮룬ԵŵֻҪϷһһ㣬š

һ˵һߴŻƴӡ
֮ǽɣɡ֪л쳾ʵ룬ʹôͷ
һᱻ

˾⣬л쳾Ц϶ѣҲҪ𣿡
֪սȻ׶༪٣Ҳʵ
Դ﷨ͳһ˫ɫָףشãҪԡ

л쳾ٲͬϻһ졣
ӻŮ״ֻԶܡһָںڣƽƲϡ˫һϣȻסһָ׵ǿ뽣ĦĽ

һð̣ܿ㴫һɽ㡣
ü塪ǰġл쳾̫ࡣҲ׺ϣл쳾
˵л쳾

һĿ΢̧ҪѰҷ˵֮ˡƽ֮Уﻹ壿
Һã»ѾϹȥ
˸֮ʱѾˣ˵һ仰͵ݼ

»˰죬ڽֱߵĹｫ
Ǻˣ»ιһ鵤ʡһѪͷɢʵڲñϡ

ҡҡǡ˻ȴ˵˾춯ص֣
»֪ʱ䱦󣬵һҲܳŵסáæʣ׷ʲô£

л赡л쳾ħ飬ȡ˼λϵĹ
»ֻ˵һŭ𣺡ҪǺãڵĳǶ𣿣

֪ͨʣµĳϣڱս̾ͻ
Ҳ»ܼõġ˿̣»ֱӻع
Ǽϵסħͷ»ɤӶϾҪʲôɱ𣿡

²⣬Ǻ
ϾΣл赶ڻϳ˴޻֡
Ҳ󣬵֪

»Ͼʱܸϵ
ûлش

ʵЩϣѾ겻֡
ͻȻһл赣Ϊ˾ˣ˭Сӣ
ǶԣһѾѣȻҪȫ롣

лܳѾˡ
Уʧ٣裬˵ˣսս
ʣһˣ֪롣

л飺ʦϮ˳ϣɱϾʵԡǲһҷƵǷʲô֮
Ҳûа취İ취

лֻܳôѲҷƵ
Ȼһ飬ǻش֡ҷƵİһˡ

лֱܳԼ۾棿
֮Уġ桱ɫʮƽʣʦɱ˾ˣ

ʦлܳ򲻿ĽƣʱһãȻ˭ȷʵϾȥˡݾͫصϢ˾༤ҽս
ǰл赡̾ôˡ

лܳ役棬аһȻУϻδϵ˾²Ķ֡Ҫ취

һУл赡ϣ¶һֵı顣
лܳ弱棬һﷲ˳֮У
л赡ţβŵɡᱻ֮ʱ½ơƽĽϸ⣬͸ѵյ

᣿лܳһʱЩӦð죬ڣ
ʦеܽʦʦ֪ôˣ˾ཻսһﱻħˣѾѾսܣֻ´ʱѾˡ

лܳ㤣л赡ŭȣתǰ֮ѵת𣿡
һȺ÷Σðҡҡ˰ʦӾ͹ȥˡԣ²ʦε֪

ⲻܡлǵл쳾૵ƽ֮УΪλս
ãлܳʣ㡭ʦ֣Ҳǣ
л쳾˲ϻش⣬ⲻܡδ

лܳĬƬ̣Ȼ˵ûпܡµĽ̫дţȻϾǽˡܡ
л쳾̧ͷӣãͬ˵֣

죬л쳾ŭ
лܳлһæǰ

˾ǰһл赵һ֪Ӳ
˫ѽл赵ĵڶȴδȡ˾𳬼׼սǰ󣬾ȻӲסлһ

鷳лһսңʹڹУһ֡
֮ϣһڰĵۣҰףӭ

лЦһĽ΢һʱ֮УںŲ仯ʱ¶
ɲ

һﵥԹ㲻ɺ˼
֪֮дǡ
ͻȻ롣

ʦ㣡ʬл赵ں߸ߵ͵ͣ͸˵Ĺ졣
أţֱһ

һ۾пڷķ˲俪𳬼׼սܵǰϮ˲仯ҡ
վһƬɻ֮ʱƺ޻

䣬صᰮһѪעڴˡ
両ǧ֮ۡΨһĨɫһһ
ٱ֮ʣȻҲûͬ˵һ仰
ϧ̫ܻ

ħʴսܣһﻤ巨飬ɳ֮ңѪѳʺɫ
߶лΪǰȻǲֵһġ

ǰл赵Ц·ҲѪ֯}ˡ
ʹһǣ֮ϣʦ㳤µ磬Ĭעӡ
лѾαװмڡٴ̧֣ҪһȻʱһ˿ע⡣

ѭϢȥֻԶڳſڣһһΣҪʹôͷ
лĿһ֮ϣһŮˡ
澣̤УԿлһƣ

֣Ѿûϳл赣
ռл쳾壬ҶȻ֮䣬Ϊǣ

Юӿãֱ˻
֮˲令ȫлһЮŭȫΪ
ؿֱǰһ˲䣬в޿־塣

ԣ¡
˵һֶ͡
κǡ

ûбۣƽעаĹ
úżХƺӿ˵ʹš
ˮ

ɾںҪһ̣һƬӰصǰ
һǰĺӰ˺ܾ÷ſ塪ǲʲôӰǵһһԡѪ
ã¶˼


ԼзذһֻؿһﱻЩаЦţеѪ졢׹ɭɭ
һһ

һһʹûܹ
Ǹ˵ǰһֵڳǳţѪָ䣬һԡ

֮߰
֮عһƵڳǡ

üؿʳǻ֮ϣ¶ʺࡣ
Ѫʪ͸ۣ̲Ȼϵ¡

ڳǳŴֵء
֮Żһ·СֻҪڳǣôͷȽһȫڡ

һĶ
Ҳߡ
Ҳߡ

һ̣㣬Χһл̣ƺ綼
ģǧҽС䡢еΪһ塣Զ֮ʦȻĬעһС

лΪ
ʹ߳ҲȻʶʲôعͷȻҲûޱȡ
Զڳ֮£һѪ˵ס˳šξ

ˣţ
лҪٽȻ˲䣬ΧͻȻ䰵оԼĽ

Ժʹʹȴϲ
ǧ֮ڣ޸ͻȻӦ
Ʒڣ̼䣬Ѿģ

һ͵۾ѾԼһط
һݶƺ˯

ܿ췴Ӧǡ
һôˣ
ͷһ֧͸ĲڵءһΣƺǿΣҲֵľŲǸŵ۵ĹŹˡ

һ֪ˡ
֪Լ˳ֻصɲ
һɲ򣬼ڣֵ˾ࡣİ׹¡ܹҲôط

ʱԼһССͯ
һĵһδ

͸Ĳ룬עŲݶѣһػûиϲ
صһûʱ䡣

ǣѹ
һһΣұΪҲֿòã

ڷ䣬߳ݶѡ
ũϤİؼе軧ũ
߹￲ڿһϤӰ

㣡ܹȥǸڲ鿴ӵŮӣȻƾ
ʱȥʮ꣬ȻüۼѾǾ뵡û͸еǡ
ȻûС

Цݣȴ̲ס֣㡣
ŵ࣬ƾϲûЦݣͳһֽݸϳȥ

ӹֽһһ۽
˵ߣƾȥ鿴Щ֡ȻʵƾһֱͲЦ

Сһִ󣬻ƾϢĸס
ԻҲûжô谮
ЦҲᡣ
ʱǳĬġ

һ۽Ƕ𣬷һģĿ⡣
ǻصһꣿ
ĸסǲǻţͻȻô롣

ʵҲǸŮˡ
еˣԹ޶̶
ʲôɿģ

ô룬ȻعѾ￲һ·ص˻Ƽҡ
ʱĻƼңûжɡ
Ҳǽߣ֮ҡ

ż߽ȥͻȻͷƤһʹקסͷ
ѾͷأһӸ£ǲм

ʹһֻͷƤҪ˺ѡعͷ㿴һ
˵һ߹ǱߵڵأȻžʹϵ۽һء
Լþûаˡ

Ŷӣʣҽ
췴㣡һѽקӭžһƣϡ
ȵƫһߣЦ֣Ҳһۣ

ֻ̧ҪȻǶ⣬ԱиŮ˵ڸʲôҲ֣
ŶܵǸŮߣ˵Ѿͷָ״ұ

ŮǼɤӵ˰ɡ˭˼Ǳ£ŮǸүѾòСۿСҲ쳤ˣǸʱ˼ĸŮ̺򣬺εѽֻҪ˶ãҲҪ˼ɫˡ

ָԺŮ˼ѡ
ӵʼգĸ׵СԺﲢû˳

߽СԺ鰡걻ʴСԺҲ벻
ͥԺûҲûʲôľ
ΪĻƼңʵ˳Ծ

ŵĽ֮ûԺˡ
ںԺĵذҩ
ӵҩ

ҽ˵ֻҪץҩʱãһк
ˣҩ춼
˺ÿÿŵҩζ

Ϣ
Ųᣬ߽Ժ
еǸˣѾݵÿ¡һǳɫȹ߸ĽŲҲûлͷֻǳճյض¯ϵҩ

ҩˣСĵؽҩ޶
סǽг
ҩ¯ǰǸˣûлͷ

վ˺ܾúܾá
ԻʹڱһĨһֵʺ졣ղŻƣȵѪ
Ȼδ

֣ҪǰŮˡ
վûС

ҪٰҩˡЩûá
ô˵
仰ҲЩҩһ˿࣬ʲôأ

תСԺЩȥĹתתֶѻĿڡ
ͻȻ˵ȥ
ãֻҪӦ˸һأ緢ģҲ㡣ǽ

΢Ժǽ͵
ֻǽǱߣŻƾ˵
ôǮǸ֪Ĳҡ˵ˣֻҪһһϡ¶ôˡ޳ܵ˵Щ

ƾֻҡͷĬһԲ
ͷˣЦ㶼ˡлʲôĥģҪҲӦҾͰ˵ȥôˣ

ƾԲϵͷȰãֻҪӦһأԺҲ㣬ᱣ㡣лǶ˵ÿ

ſǽͷ˵
뿪̫ˣõѾе㰹಻̫ϰߡ




69.  Ӹ¹   Ұ

ʮ£

ſǽ, ˻Լĵص㡣
ƺҲ˶ӣص˸µݡ

ƾһֱ˵, ͵Ӧˡ˸һأ㡣ǳ, ԺƼңҵǡ
˵, һƺǽһ¡

һֱȵ뿪Ժǽ
֪ʲôʱˡ

һ꣬ꡣ
֮ǰĻ, ҳ嶯Ѫ
, , ϢƼɫɫˡ

ƾ, Ҳ̫ճš
ټϻƾѵǽöҲûô׽

, ƾƼ, Ψһչˡ
Ի, ֻĬĬǮʡѡСʳżҲ̻ϰ, ϧԼҲûжīˮ, Խ̵Ҳ顣

ΪԼҲϲ㡣
ںɲڣ¡
ٻ꣬ȻҲֻôһ顣

, ǴӰ꿪ʼıġ
֮ǰǳŽǵţӡ˭Ҷһͷ֮˳С˭ׯ

ĸɾ˫֣һɾȹְͷҲú˸С
ʱ͵͵˵Ϣۡ

СԺֿղˤڵϵ۽ӡ
ܺãáЩ۽Ӽֽװá

ȵʱ֣¶˳ȥƾѾԥҪҪš
һܽԺӡǻĸ

¥޼ˣŻ˻ű̧Ƽҡ˵ʱϢײá
Ϣ޹ֹⴺҲǷˡֶξϢڡ
ȵ³ӣǲϢ

ϢֶΣ治
۷飬Ī
δܰⴺϳȥѾ

ֻϧⴺҲûܵóáֵܿˣĻ
ŻҲܾ䡣

ʱ㿴ʮ񣺡
һ˵˵ԺׯԺӸסȽ

ŭޡСӣƽվǳԴ򲻹ˣϳȥ
Ųӣ˵ȴ类˴ˣҲᱻϳƼҡԺӣôסã

ͯ޼ɡȴһݣʣôˣ
һȴ˵ˡ

ǰͽôˣ
˾ţ˵ǷծЩ˽ϱµ˵Ҫţ

һ¶ĸҵ飿
Ҫ˰æ˵Ƿ˶ծ¾
Ķҵ飬æʰһЩϸĳ˻Ƽҡ

һֱȵ뿪ȥѰ
ʱ򣬻ںӵЦ
Ӵұͷ纣Եúܲҡ

ȴûֽЦ绨
˫ܽüͷ

ϲͻƾǵ£ܻ̫
յĻɸɾһůůһšҲһֺʣʲô£

ֽ˵Ůһ۽ӣصġ
Ļںʲô۽ӣһŹ

۽ʵͨƾ𰺹Сʳ
һţˣԹˣȥɡ

СذＸŵݸһ棬˵⼸Ǹɾģų԰ɡ
ɾɨһеֽʣĲɾˣ

죬˵ʱ磬Ūˡ
һԷʲô²Ȥ
ʵϵϣҲҲ³

չǶŮֵһЩС£˼ʣ
ǰ澣ۡ

һ۽˵̲ڣȥǶòãŵء
һʱ̲סᷳűǰŮҲ

˵пԻȥ㡭ʵͻȻʲôô֪̲ڣȥĶ
Ҳ޹ģ㱾¥ŮӡۿͲˣڼңȥ

ιһ۽ӣһ棬˵ȥµݡ͹̣ף
£ݣšüȥʲô

˵֪ٳһ
Ļ˼ʲô۽ӣ
Ҷҳţ

ţܵԺʱƾѾʰͣס½ǣĿϷţ
Ҷ飡һ֦ŻƾԺһɳϣʼд֡

ʱԺֽ
ǴȻȥµݡŵǼɫжһĹǲǻƾ
ȥʱ򣬱㿴ⲻĿһĻ

޵ȥʱҲ˲öӣֻ˵ծ
˿̻ţ֪ʲô£

ڶ죬ʹӻƼʧˡ
˵Ǳˣ˵Ǳˡ
¶Ҳݺݴһ١ӣǳʧơӴڻƼұƼūһ㣬˿ۡ

ʱϢԺһ֦֮УǴһ꿪ʼ˵ѡ
ֺŻǷ׷ױҥԣҲһ·ɫϢȴûлƾô˳ܡ

ϢҲԽԽĮ
ϢȫĶ̣ԿֺŴ峤峤ѧֵܽáϢ֪ǡ
˽Ҷ̡˿ΣĹܱ˵ı˿ʹ

еףΪʲôĸӻ˶񶾡
ΪƼң˽Įȴû˭

ɳϣƽֱдһ֡
һ֡
һЩ⵶Ĵڣ̫ªһΣҲҪôˡ

Ժ⣬ƾŲҴҵػߵԺſڣһС檵Ժ
һƾֱˡ

ߵƾǰ̧鷢ƾ㣬ʶܡ
ǴȰʡ

Ժ⣬ͶʽĿ⡣ƾֻһĿ´˵ԡ
ƾʹͷʼûп˵Ŀ⣬ǿͰصֻͽȥҪšȥɡ

ƾŽ߼Ժ
棬ȵԶС檱㲻ɳӰָɣЩ¶Ϊɸˡ

ƾȻһ죬ֻװ£ǰʱɳѾдһš˵֣첻дˣ
ִֵдһҾϲ֡

ƾҲ⣬һ٣ͻȻʣĸ׵¡ģ
˵ʲôѽͷд֣ȴ¡
һҪô

ִʲôƼˣĻƾٻҪ
ʱ̫ˡ
ڶʱʱ۵ĵ

ɲƼóӣҲա
תͷƾҲҪţô֪㡭ȥµݣ㡭

Ÿʳ仰ͻȻֻṴ˵潸
ƾɫһףʱֹסʣµĻ

ϢӵġҩץסƾһǶ⣺֮ͥ¾¼ӣҲЩСϹ𣿡

ƾ֪Ϣַˡ
Ϣһǳɫȹ⼸ݷҪӡǴҲء
ʱݣݣ֮Թ˱ǿɲ

ǣƾҪŶܡ
ϢһץסƾͷֲִĲͣͷش

ƾСС޹ʵǼʳάΣٻء
ûʲôս

ľϣ䲻ȴҲʹ
һٶ

һϢĲͣƵڵأŭˣ
Ϣ͵ڵأɢȹۡŭ

㡭֣Ҳһ
ŻƾҪܣƾ˵㲻⼸꾫ˡ

ƾδ䣬ϢسкһֱƾŶƾʶһϴʹʶʲôһѼ⵶

һͲ˵ˣϢ૵״Ʒ񡣶ۼ䣬Ƥⷭ¶׹ǣƬ֮Ѫע

һ־ֻ֮С
ȥòʹϢĵڵĽԸϢʵ̫򵥡ϢȻʹˣֱ֣

۾Цŵ¼ϢڹȴδУϢɨسţֻ¼޻Ƽҡ˭¼
Ϣܵͷһĺˡ

ֳԸʶҲͰˣƫҪǳܿ࣡ӵҩٶ࣬Ҳжӣ˭ԸһܵŮΪĸ
סƾ֣һһԺߣڵӣƫƫҪǧСߺͷֿֿЦ

֮Żƾһ·ӳСԺ
öһֱһũ

عŷһǵɲݵĵط
Ϣɳ

ڵ졣
ƾ˵ͷ϶Ĳ㡣
۾û˵

ƾһƬʣƮƮ任״
ôˣʡ
ƾס˿ڣһ鲼ֹѪˣϰˡ

Դʱڵı£֪ʲôʱ
ˡͷڰݺǳ
һ꣬һֱڡ
ȻصСԺʱϢѾˡ

ǰѼ⵶ʳԼࡣ
Ѫ״ޱȡ

ĺܶܶ꣬벻Լʱ顣
֣
⣿
ٻ£ϢͬǸСԺһ𣬱ˮģӡ

ſã˫ֱͷ
ƾһʣǲǶˣ

˵ƾѪܿ챻˱
ŮˣǸֵðͬ顣
롣

ɵʱ֣һɫϼʱͻȻվСԺɱȥ
һغһ䣺ĸס

̤У̼СԺ
ԺУϢĵѾؿڡʰ˸СʯӣһϢһ飬ٸ˶ʱʧ

̧ͷԺǽĻͻȻŭ𣺡㻹ʲôץס̧ƺҪһ⡣̧֮ذѻڻź㻹ʲô
Ѫմʪ˻ѣȵһƬ

ܻȥ𣿡ḧɿݵĳŮ˱޵Թ
޷شʻ

ֻ˵ȥ𣿡
ƾϻСԺֻϢӵϢ򵹵ڣ˶ССС°͸ͷ֮䣬Ͳеı

ϣͳˡ
뿪ɲ⽣ڶȥ

޷ģһε·ڻ¡
⽣ڣδȥ
ŵڶţҪҵҲס

һ·糾ͣҹ̣һ˰£ڸϵط
Ŀһ޽޽

ҵŵӣǺηӢֶŮΪͨ
ǵӼһʮǱʱɣŷ˵ֶŮƾ֤𣿡
˵ϢһϢ֮ŮʦִΪͨĸҡ

ǵü壬ԥŲڡ
һɣĪҪòȡˣ˵Żһѳǵнһ׽ȻڣɽΡ

ǵӼ״һǲСæͨ
ſڣ
֪Ӣ᲻ĳ

һ⽣ڴſһŮ仹ϵһ޵ĺ
Ǻںδһʣһ

ΡηˡټٳĸֻӢմ⡣
ϾϵҲ̫Զˡ

ѽϢŮӢϸ˵м㡭ôһѱϵˡǻġ

ϵѪ찡ʲô£Ӣʡ
һγ񲢲ʶӢؿڣð죬˵Ҫɱҽ㣬ĸȾҽɡ

СҲ
Ӣã㲻Ҫ£˵ĸ׷ʲô£ôҵģ
ʻԶһ߹Ǻϧ

ϧòΰǱá
ָָʣǡǡ˭

Ӣ˵˵ϢõŮֻǲ֪ΪλһѪܵ⽣ڡֻ»ƼǷʲô£ȥ
ϧúúãҡҡһһͬͬǰȥ

ҲáӢͷˣ
ԸˣʻԺӣΪʲôҪɱ㣿
ԥŵΪȥ㷿˯׾õ㡣һӿƣ˵㶼ˡ

һ仰Ӣһϧɫ䣬ʲʲʲô
ƺһѽӢ˵ˡ

ŵӡӢͷϧ¶ֻǴĵعȥҲôáȰǰȥƼҲ֤ǻģ񡣡
ϧϸֳһɺˡµ棬ҡҡҰƤ

ⱾǼһݻκκ˵˸ϡ顣
Цסˡ
Ӣҵ

ָԺʱ಻ס
ˣĻʲô
ָоʵ̫ãӢһȻ˯ˡ

ֻּһһֳųţÿҧǻ֮Уɼ
һ߽
Ӣȥȴǲ
⺢ӣ϶Żˡ૵




70.     ׽õˣ塱

ʮ£
ɲ
ѾʧٰˡƼҵȻҲҹ, ģūȻҲֻʡ
Ů࣬һ, ͸һèʲô

Ǽ, ƼҲû˹ģԡ
ԺŮǿʼ, ˵ĸһССͲסįҰˡ
ԽԽ棬ö, в

ϢĿӴ, ƾ´, ȥĵط˸顣
߳Զأ

һҹһĽɲ
ƼҵҹҲͬһ, ūæһĻƣڽǮȾơĹͲ֪͵ȥ
ļԴס

ӢŻ, ĴǽͷƮԺ
ϧһߴӰ, ؽ
Ӣ, ȴԴ޶ˡ

Ӣû, Լʵ޹ϵ
ֻ֪, ִǰࡣ
ϧǲԼ⽣ڵţǰɲܻļʧݡ

ԣĸ׵ԺںδӢСʻ
ȻԹָ·Ӣһ·ǱеϢס
޶˵ΪһƼ, Ȼûܷǡ

СԺϢѵõûаҩԺеʯϣĿЩɵ
ʱƾһʳд߽
ͷʳУȡķˣϡ

ϢҲûֱһɨɨڵءˤ飬Ľ
㻹ʲôɳɤ͸һЪ˹֮һСҲô

ŭƾƾȴǲ˵ֻĬĬʰɢˮˮ
ӢŻֲϧļ磬ʾҪ嶯
޶˶û˵

ҹɫƾѾԺɨɾ
ϢȻ˯Ժ
ĿãעǰҲ֪ʲô

ƾҲ˵ĬĬվ£ϢһĬ
Ժֻ¹һյɢ΢谵Ĺ⡣
Ĺߣ򲻿ڰССһԺ䣬Ƶѹ֡

Ӣ
ҹӢǰв鿴òܺ
ʵԳÿһҹˡ

ǰϢʧġ
ڴף


ںСʱ򣬻ãһΪԼãĸײŻôѡ
ǣ뷨ûãͱ治

洫һŲԺ׷̽ͷ
ƼңһʬȻû꣬ȴ춯

ҡҡλεؽ˺լ
լʮ檣вЩδշ澼ˡ
ŲͣϢԺſڣһԺ

ƾĽŲͿʼ
ϢɫҲˣԺһۿϢʱϣҲ֪յƣǻ

Ϣð˵ܶˣûҵ
ǸҰѾͷܳȥˣž湻ȻҲͻˡ˵⻹ǹ㣿ΪĸƽʱôŮ

Ϣ˵ƺʲôûûصġʲôĸףͻʲôŮ
˵ʲôϢ۾Ѫ죬һͷŭʨӣ˵ʲô

ɻһѽƵڵأһм˵ʲôףһϢʲôõǿ죡ţ˵һһϢҵǽ䡣أһŮʲô߹Ĵҹ㡣

㡭㡭Ϣһ仰˵ûкۣͫȫѪ˿ͷɢ¡
ӡֹһ䣬Ϲۡ

˵ŻߵƾǰƾĿ־һֲ̬˷ܡ
ȥƼҵĸ첲ֻۡ¶ô

ƾ˵յ˸£òã
ȵ޹޹ƾɫɷס

ӢԺӽǽͷû¡
ְѻĸ첲յʹûжʹԣ̫΢ļ䣬ȫѡ
ǱճĵĺڰųɳþһҪȥ

ҪĹϢͻȻһΣͱȥҪ崩ʺ
ɻȻΪ΢ȴվҪһЩ

һסϢһšֻһ죬ϢһҽСѾšϡ
ˣһŽߵڵأ˼š

ӢҪȥϧסҡͷ
ϢڵأƾҲ̲סǰסҪٴˣ
Ҳ΢ǰ

ס֣ŭҪǿھϣӽʹ㣡˵꣬ƺ뵽ʲôЦԼʲô˲õǧС㣿Ǵ㣬ڼſڣҲһ
˵⻰ʱʮֵ⡣

Ӣоˮ
ϢǸ壬ϢϢ̫үŮҲǧųġ

ӢĳһãʵҲǸʵġ
˭뵽Ȼӡ

ӢͷٿڳŮˡ
ֻöͷһ̧һŷᡣ
Ӣᡣ

ԭϣΪᡣ
롣

ûмϢʵʱ
֮ʱϢѾʱ񲣬ʱ쳣ĬԺŮһԹԻøǶѴ
ʲôϢҵŮķɣ

ȻҲûжٸп
е¶ȣһĴ

˿̧̣ͷСȥӢˮ
Ӣ΢֮䣬ס˻֡

ѵϢǣƾ֣˵ԣȥ㷿䣬˵ӻ
ƾѸŭԣҲ޿֡

ǣŻƾƫȥ
Ӣݸϧʾ¿ӡ
ϧҡҡͷʾԼȥ

Ӣϧ²䣬СǸҪȥ
ϧҡͷαǰǰȻδ⽣ڵķΡ

ЩĴݵš
Դ﷨﷭һͷһһ첼סͳһˡ

ֳһѽ𻷴󵶣Ժͷ¡
ϢʹޣͻȻס
ϧҲ˵һϢ漴ƫ

žƾԻƾֶš
һϧ磬ʱɢ˴룺ʲôˣ

ϧ˵
һһߵ㡢ӣҵҰҲʲôطɲһƼҲʦ㲻Ҫˣ

ϧϲɴ
һڻϣţĳԹֿͷ
ʱʹС

Ǳ׷鿴
ϧ𽫻ϵԺһֱм˶롣һ˴磬ɺ翸Ż𵶡
һӣǮ

Ϊϲ䣬ֻ˵һ֡
ƼȻãʱ˶
һ⣡

нһ磡
ϰ׹Ƕ֣Ѫһءһ㶣ȻɱƵزҽǮǮ

Ƽ˻ˣ˺ϧ׳ĴӣװЩϸ
ϧȻ⣬һɱһĿӣ
ֻһѪסˣæ

ЩƼˣȲ
ƽʱϵǮ£ԼУЩ檡Ů˭Ϊ
ʱ򣬴ҲͲˡ

ʶҶЩ
ɺŲں˳ѵ

һŵƹûƼ˿Ǳӡ
Ƽ˲֪ĺˣһҿԡ
ǵļҶ͵Ϯϧ

ϧԺ۾һǼҶԶ
ǼҶڵأҲû

һ˭ǰ
ⶫƽʱҲʩˡؼʱ̣˭Ϊ

һζֻΧۣҲ֪á
үүһƼеǽֻҪңҶȫТధ󣬶ϧĻӦһ˫֮䡣

ų׼ȷޱȣȥ
Ƕ֮ɳԶѪģڻƼǰһҽйں䣬˫һף˹ȥ

ϧڵϣʺ
װŽϸСԭǸ﷨ϧǰһ̲ģһţ̤Ժǽܿ뿪

Ӣںϧ֮ʱ˻۾
ʱŻ׷źϧȥŻɱƵĽ

ıƣл쳾û֮ʱҲûʹ졣
Ӣţò׷Ϻϧ

úáӢ佱ԼҷҪȥҿĲӡ
һ۾Ӣ˵ǺãĪǾô

ϧ˵ᡢᡢš
Ӣ۾һ˵ǿţ׷ˡ

ϧͷǣȻ󣬽ӡӽӡ
ӢŴȽоڱˣ˾֪ǾͿҽ˳ؽϢͰã
һξãҲǸȱµ

ȻգƼҴһ֮£ɲ￪
ʵ׼񣬲ٲƣҽƼҼ˸ֶ֮ײУֱ˷ָ

ɲ󾪣Ϊ˸ȥǳš͢ʱȫȻ޷ֻñڡǡɡʱҲڸ
⽣ںҲһͬǰ׽õˣ塱




71.     ޵ĺ̺ȡǳ

ʮһ£

ɲ, Ƽҡ
򳤡峤ԼǶȥˡ
Щϸе֮º١

ǻƼȴƫƫ¡
һʱ֮䣬Ļ̡̻

ڴ, µ˿һֱѪ
˶СȻָơӴԺ, ȱһҲ벹ˡ

򳤺峤ΧڴߣһϢ, ȴʹģǾǲ
ɳʲôʱ򵽰̾˿

ڲʱ˵Ǻţźͺη˵ˣ
Ȼ, , ϧӢڡ

Ѿ˷, ϧһ£ڡ˫ëơߵǰ, θߴࡣӢﱧŻ߸ߵ˸β, ȹҲǼ, ϵһ, Եüɴ䡣
, ηˣ޶, ͬĹǣ׷ǰݼ

ϧһӢǴŻߵߡ
˷ŻģȻһͬصɲһȻ£ʵ𾪡

Ǽ˵, һ׷Ӧǡ
ƽʱ¶ϲ֪ͨ⽣ڡ
ʵΪͬ˵̫Ѿ

ҲֻǸһءررϡϳͣ
ϣҪǣ˿ڣһ
ŷ򸾶ͣޱ顣

ֱ͵Ц
ڴʱ˷Ӣλ
ǻΪӢԼСӣɻϾɲ򣬵ȻҲϵõġ

ⲻǻʮ𣿡˵
ӢŽŵϣǣŻ֣˵ǡ⺢߶ˣ·Ƿ޶ˡѯʷ֪Ϣ֮ŮŽͻء

Ϣô˵˼ϢϢҵĵճŮʣƷ˺ڣ
˴𣺡Ʒˣ컹
ҹ˴룬˾š˵

Ӣ˵Ϣþ岻ҹȥ
ô˵Ȼû˸ҷԡ
ӢǣŻָ·ȥϢ

СԺϢδԴȻСԺܵһС
ƾվߣ˵ĵˡĸײȥ

ϢҲӦ˫۶ǰʯð૵ˡΪĸ׺ܻˣǲǣ
ƾû˵ֻСС

һǽ⼸ૡ
һһ㱻ҿʵûжٿʱ⣬ȴ޶˵ǵ˺ۿ

ӢᣬվСԺſڣðźϢá
ԺУϢ̧ͷһۿȴӢߵĻ

һѱסƬ̣еļתΪŭĶȥˣССͲѧã֪Ұ
˵Ż̧־Ҫһ⡣

Ӣһס֣˳ƽԼ
Ϣֵӣ

Ϣϸǡ
ü΢壬ڼ죬Ȼ㡭
Ӣ̾ӢҵӢ㻹ǵ𣿡

Ϣ⻰ȴˣͻȻסʲôߣߣ
Ӣû㷴Ӧ

һʱ޴룬ȴ֮С
ǲˡ

꣬ڣ֪£Դȴҧأ¶һʵ֮״
˵ףӲţԸ˿Цȥ
ǣþһȥůһܱůˡеļ㹷顢Ƽ尾Լ

Ӣ½ǣͷȾĸȾ
˾֪ʲô̬Ǵġ峺۾ȫ¶޹ĴӢĶˡ
һףһҲл쳾ԡ

ááӢͷ˵ȥҽ档ʰö̸ͻǡ
ܵƾߣƾ㲲Щӻˣܵĵطܱˡ

Ȼʱļ˻Ҳûر𼤶
ֻǳرס֣ð죬һ䣺
зᣬȴЦ

ڴǰûƾ䵭
ɶԺǧȻץסƾ֣˵ҪԾ²˳ҪԿ档
Ŷƾȥ¯ӣ׼

ӢųĬԵĻƾĶҪѿ˵£Ӧö˵ˡ˾֪ҪߣҲǲΪѵġ
ߣϢЦð˵ȥĶڻȥĶѵҪϢң˳Ц𣿡

ǸϢңƴű˳ЦҪصֻͥҲǲϵġ
Ϣҡҡͷ飬һһ׹䡣

ӢǰסϢ֣ȰһȥСסҲãɢҲա֮뿪ƼңԺеǰ취
ȥϢƺʲô˵԰޵⽣ˡ

һ˦ӢҲЦ𣿡ŭӢһǲǶڱЦңӣǶܸ˰ɣ
һһ֣񲡣

æܹӢǰֻϢͻȻץŹӢ
˵ףֹӢʲô£

˼ҷ޶˴ԶæѾ˫ϢĻȴֺġ
Ӣˣٲĳ

ĸף㲻ҪĸҡҪͬϢ͡
ϢԣȴĿҾ֪ǣӻƼŻͣ⽣ڵĸ֦ˣʲôĸ˸ӴŵĹϵ㾹еȣ

˵ŻҪ
һ̣Ҫһ֮
֪Ǹô͵ˡ

ȴסϢϢ侲Щ
Ϣŭ𣺡ҹҹҽѵԼŮҪܣ
ֻ˳ȥԻԣĸȥǰԺһٻ

ҡҡͷ˵ҵȽĿóԣˣҸĸ̸ȥ
˿Ϣԥŵǡ
˵ĸȥɣܿġ

ֻ̾úӡ
ȻģǿҲ̼Ϣֻ뿪

һߣԭα¶С֡졣
̶ϢĸΪڻʲôָ˿˭֪˸޳ܵɷ򣬹ûججǱ

Ϣһ죬ϡ
Ѿͷ˺죡׷
ǲ׷ϡ

һֱȵҲ׷ˣֱͣܵƾߡ
ƾ˸²˳ֿ˼档

ų˵Ǹ̸ĸȥ
ȥɡƾľګǸԵˡ

ֻóߣ
ջƾֲֻøöһ棬󻹴ϢĽ֮

ǰѾˣͷС棬ͷȺꡣ
ƾֻ㶵վȺ֮
һ·Ӣߣһĸ

ӢһͷæúӣûУ˫ڻͷ֫˸顣ѿݸģĸһòã
ǽӹ̧ȥһƾԶԶվſڡȺ˴롣

ûлúöǰԡúƯСͦ۾ëֻܾԼȹأʽҲŰ塣
ŵ˶㼫ױ˺ӡ

Ӣ߹ȥȫ
ϣ޵ĺ̺ȡǳԡ
Щ޵ģֻĬĬһ£ί˺ӡ




72.  뿪   ֻ̤࣬Ь࡭

ʮ£뿪

Ӣƾ, һŻƾĿ棬һƾͷ
Ҫ¡˵ĸȻ, Ͳǲܡ
ƾĻҲûбֳм, ֻص˵ͷ

ſ棬׼ȥϧ
򳤵Χźϧ, һҪΪץסͽ
ҲӲȥſһߡ

ȻΧȻһ
һϮѩ, Ժǽߵũլƺ

л˷׷ÿһ, л, ǿɰˡ
תͷͿ֮, Ǹ˲磬˶

л쳾
ʱ, ûм֮λ
˶, ضҲ֪

ٶȼ, ѾпҲޡ
ع, ܵӢߡл쳾Ŀû, ϾŰСӣģ

лʦ˿ڡæл쳾õϧߡ
۱ݣл쳾Ⱥϧ͡ݣϧ⽣ţͽȻһ, Ͼݻǲ˰벽

л쳾Ҳƽϧʩ񣺡š
áúáϧ򵥵
ȻҲû˻ΪԴǼ̶ͬƽϡ

˻л쳾ߵĴߡ
л쳾һιۣлллסס顢顢鿴ˡơ

̱ڴԶʱɴ۾
Աߵ򳤡峤ںϧл쳾ǰǻű֣
Ҫ˼ѵҪ˼šʦǻⰹĿ

ȻǰһѽĿӰ
οʹ˿Ҳ¶ǰ

ΧǿֵˣҵۣĿ࣬лء
˵˾ͨ¶һÿɷ

л쳾ֻʹӴ죬鿴ƼΧǷеµĺۼ
ϧӢ˵ǴڣǾͰˣٲҪ¶汾¡һƼңȥ磬ʲôɹ׷

ԣл쳾һԲ鿴Ӣȴɷߣ˵Ϣ£ɱˡ
ϧͷȵл쳾鿴ϣ硢Σ

л쳾ҡҡͷ
ϧŵ˷˲δʲʲôôߡ

һ˵ʱܣֻл쳾ȡ
л쳾ʮ֪񣬲źۼزǣ˲ֻպ󰵰ˡ

ϧͷλ򳤡ٿڣæл쳾л˵˽ٲƣɲܾôѽ
л쳾ȻЩ˵Ĺǣڻɲһ֮ĿԱɲ򲻱ͽš

ôһ˵ұ㳤һ
ڵĶ֮ĿɲǶҲˡ

һ߳ſ棬һ˵
ɲҲһ֮Ŀζ裬ˡ
û뵽ΣȻƼ⵵¡

ǰл쳾Ⱥԡ
ɻֻһۣƿĿ⡣
Ӣ䣬˵ĸ߻ҲáԺɰ

áӢãѾ¶ģΣһҪ˴Ƽȥ
ڴϣ˱ͽ˸
Χ˴֮ʹ࣬Ա

£˵Ҳ鲻
ֻϧһ˵ơơƼҼҡǡǵģҼҼҾ죿

ӢһæǰƼ£ʵʹġϢҲáȥˣֱǲ

ɨˣƼҷ£ˣʵҡ˵ϢҲұ㽫ӻȥҲΪֵֵ

⻰ڣϧ̲һ䣺ϢϢϢҺ͡ͺңȷȷʵɡɾɽ
һ󻰣ʵѾ⻰˼
ϢǸŴ󻧵ĵճŮֻ޸
ĪϢҵѶӢǰ˵ģ

Ǻпܵġ
Ͼ˴˾֪
ѵϢŮҪػѲɣ

Ϣ⣬˼ҿν˳
һٸ죬Ҳ˵һ֡

ǡˡڴϣΪʹ˵ѵ˺š
ƫչȥȰҡҼ˴˴ԲӡҼҼҷˡƷ˽㡢

Ȱãûȥ
Ӣ͵֣ȴǵ֮ǡϢǱߣĪҪˡ

ҪȻϧֺ飬־׼˿ɱȿضˡ
˼Σֵȥ˿ˮһѪ

αؼأ򳤺峤ϵ˴ʱѾ֪ˣӢֻǽӶˡ
¶ſϢ⣬治˵ʲô

ߵӢߣֻܵϢˣ˵滰޵ɲĴϲ¡ҲɡƷزȥСסЩȷʵǺ¡
ӢЩܣȴǹЦ˵Ϣлˡ

ԣ֪ѳɶֻ֡úһ˵
һߣճ꿾棬䲻һӴֶ˸ɸɾ

Ӣǣǣƾ˵ߣȥĸס
л쳾ĿתſССĻ
Ŀڻ΢΢ͣȴûпӢԶˡ

СԺϢɢɫȹԺеӲݣ¶һӲ
Ӣƾȥʰæ

ƾЩԥȹβŶԻ˵һ䣺Ҳߡ
ʲôԼĶ䣬ѵ㲻뿪

ƾͷµ˵ǵ˱˼ңҲǼ¡
˼ǲͬġҪҡ
ӰСƾ˵ҪͷǺŷԣƾȻҲŰɡ

֣˵Ҽ򲻣ִ򲻹ƾҡҡͷǵǾߡ
ƾû˵ĵöࡣ

ʱ˵ײǸʮС
ĸϥˣȻ뿪֮и

ĸ̸Ǻˣ㣬˶һġС˵
ƾ꣬Ҳûٷֻͷʰ

Ժ⣬ӢϢҷѾ£ֲšһؼңСסЩʱգòã
ؼңϢֻըëèŭΪʲôҪؼң֪ˣԼ˸÷ȲҪ԰ڸҿǲǣ

ˡ
̾

ӢģϢôôأɳϣҳáʱû澣ǰ˷䡣
ϢסӢ˵㻹ǵ𣿵̰ժƼ̤ࡣĳݣҳЬһϡ

˵£۾ﶼůĹ⣺ˣ֡òѣ֪ԼЬءʱϵõĳݣֻڶǶ顣ӡ

˵ЦסϢ֣ûЦ㡣㿴ֻ̤࣬Ьࡣȥҳﻻһɺã

Ϣе񣬶ɲǼƽϢˡ
ǰӢճյز˵Ӣ˵Ϊ㻻纸ߡ

ʱ׼
ӢϢϢһɫȹͷϴһ֧ؾΡݵ࣬Ȼ֮
գӢţ̤




73.  ϰ˵   ȹ¾

ʮ£

Ϣ, ϧվڳ£ͬл쳾
л쳾ĸŮˣ˼, Ҳ¶
Ϣʲô磬ɲ˲֪, л쳾ȴ

ϢүǲӻϢģҲκ˰Ϣ
ӢҲͰ, ϧĻȴԼ͸ô˼
˰ʾϢҰǰ¡˵ѣΪΣ

Ժϧ֮, ˾ûüĿ, Ҳ׵뿪
л쳾, صڣͿʼ鿴֮Ŀ

⽣ڵɲ, ֮ĿĻƴƴմա
ȻĿȴ֪, ССĻȥ⽣ڡŷ򸾱, ɲ

Ȼһ, ٶȼ, Ӧ͵ɲ
мһҹʱ, ȥ˺δ

鵽л쳾Ѿǻɡ
ϧȡ֮ˣܲΪһǮƼӺ

ôǲǳڻϣ
ϧŭȴù֮ڣ
л쳾⣬£Ȼ̫ࡣ

ϲ, ķ˴˸¡
л쳾üͷһҳһҳط
պɲһö֮ĿΪɣһ¾ʹ˸á

⽣ڡ
ƽȵͣ£ϧ³
ӢϢҲ֮̽СԴϧһֻšԣϧָָԼĽţʾȥ


ԥŲȥϧֻȴɽ
һ̧ţͰѻ̤Ϸŵϡ

ðŷӦڶԼ棡
һЦƾȴ˳ӣǰΪϧ˲ϵĻҳ
Żȥ˸Ьӡ

ϧסĬԣǸʮĹЦ
˵ءػػؼҡ

ƾǣĬظ޶ˣһ̤ͬ⽣ڡ
⽣ڣɲƼңһһ¡

ССĻƼǽשɲѾϸ⽣ڣŸǽߡ̨׽ڣֻ˵
࣬һͷ

ƾǣŻֽһЩš
ȻΪ⣬ҲǼΪˣʲôˡ

ǣĸӢкһƾŻ߼¸
ӢǣѰһЩԺӣ˵⽣ڵӶ࣬ⳳ֡ϢסӺЩȥֵԺӣҲЩ

Ϣһ·Ĭ˴ʱɫҲǻ㱡
ڻƼ񣬳˻ƼңֳĬ
Ϣǵģ˵ЪţҴĴߡϢͷҲԡӢǴ˻ƾ

Ϊ˺ϸģֻߺϢַ
Ҫ

ǣƾͻ˷䣬˵ߣĸǼ͵ܵܡ
һ·һԺӣֻкһ¶飬һС

ӢָŶǸĸĴӺδ⣬ĸӺ壡á
˻ƾԵúǾнǻЩ

ӢʮģǴ硣ʮˣŶ壶꣬СꡣҪúչãҪ۸ˣ֪𣿡

δͺ壵ǴӦˡ
Ӣ⣺ȥȥȥŹһ䡣һǵûԷĸ׻øĸҽ

δͺǴŻƾͻϤ⽣ڡ
ƾڻƼҲм磬ΪʵûʲôӡʱҲš

δ⵹ǿˣŽöˣȥСɽȡ
ƾһۿˮ̶ߣֻСںˮѽһ

δ˵⽣СޣèèСȥ棬ҧ˵ġ
ȻŮϲЩġ

ƾµɽȣΪеӾڴιʳЩҰСʲôıȫΧ˹
Ҳȥһ棬˳ÿһֻС޵ֺ
Ӻܿ

ӢǸеˣܿҽҽϢ
ʵϢЩ꣬ĶĲ
ļҲֻлʩҩο

ӢҲ⡪ҲϢ
ֻҪ˻ƼǸѣܻ

磬һֻãƾδ⡢һ
Ǵú۾ȴܹԣʱʱһ¶䡣

˸ߵſڣͼ˿ˡ
⽣ھͣⱾ֡ȻˣȻܲһ㡣
л壺ǼǺδⲻɼӿŲһǰδ⵱

л
л쳾
ϧ̸˵ʮ㣬ϧĿڼ

ʱ˺δͺ壣ҲͷЦŵλӣǱãӢΰ
סճǫѷ

л쳾ŽĿƵƾͻϡ
Ŀǫͣƾȴ̲סһл쳾֪º͵ǻƼã

ϧǡЦлллࡢߡ߶졢졢˾;;ͺá
ƾĿ΢һۺϧǰڻƼң˿ˣţͷһٴֻǶ档

ڣϧȴÿ˶߶
˵ǡл쳾Ҳ֣˵ôæҲû׼ʲôһСϣõš

˵գͳһЩ伮ֱ𽻵ĸϡ
δ⡢ȻǼлŴãŻƾһʩ

лӹл쳾ĵ伮һݣЦ˵
ֻأ岻ʣԹȻҲΪ̳

л쳾ͷܾûơһССĹƣ
ջĿ⣬ǽöˣϢһ֮ϣܼ֣ĪҪķ˲ܡ

л̻壬ҵȽǡ˸СС˶֮״ŵɰ
ϧ𿴳ƾţǵ¡ȥ档

δŵܵãȥ˱𴦡
л쳾Ŀһֱ׷漸ˣ÷ջء

£ϧûᣬҲʡ
˱ղؽ¾͵ؽҹˡ

ȻϢ˻£Ҳ֪ϢӢߡ
ʼգûʲôӦ

ϢϾϢҵŮ˻Ƽ£ȻҲ˷紫ֻϢ˲ʡϢҼ棬£°ͲŮ˲źáȻܹʡ

ϢǰһЩ˺Щⲻʲôʵ£Ҳ¶档Ҳ߶ֻҥƽϢͷȥ

ĸŮס£Ȼǳ֮ơ
л쳾õĵ伮ַķ¶Ӣæũ

ӢͲסҲСԡ˻⽣ڵΪһ顣
ⱾҲǸСˣ˼ָŻʲô
һСûа֣ʲô

ƾȴϲ֣
ӢˣؽС
ƾ棬һ׽ȻҲģ

Ӣ֮ϲɴӡ
˵ʲô֣е¸Ǻõġ

ææµµزṼ
һ죬ϧָǳӡƾΧӢδ⡢声źϧһ˺ò裬һ߳ӣһġ

Ϣûй
ʵϣס⽣ڣͲôš
ҲˣֻǷ

ƾһֱ˰ӣһ߳һ߳źϧӣ˵̸ίһ¡
ίίίУϧ÷Ц˵˵˵

Ӣ˲裺ȵˮҭš
˵ԣһ֡
ŶŶϧͷ˵ǡǼҰ֣ǡǱءرáõøߡ߼ۣ

ӢʧЦȴصͷ߼ۣ
ԭΪֻ˵Ц˭ϵȴΪ档

磬ʹһ֣ҵ˺ϧ
С֣ļ̸֡ҰˡӵݸϧӲ࣬ΪС
ϧӽӹͷã

ȻǴӦ˻ϧףӲ
ϾĶغճɡûûյ֣˭

ϧҲṆ̀ѪĳССͣԸ֣츣¡
ϧãӦȥ͢Ժѧ

͢ؽ֣ǽԼԺҲѧӡ
ȻˣЧ΢

ʦ츳ѣ඼иС
˭ȥ͢ѧգ
Ҫ֣Чɾʹۿˡ

ӣ˰죬Լŵĵ軧Ӻ֡
⽣ôһţܲȫӽɵѧ

ǲԼأйнеĻϰǿȵȡ
ԴҲס

ԼС֧˻Ǯ
ΪѾúܶˣȴ̫⣬Ҫ´β
ſЦȥԼ˽Ǯ᲻᲻

Լĸ£罫¶ˡ
е軧ϴεСֳˡ

ŶԺӵѪʮؿܺثȥ
󣬺վũ֮ǰס

ǡϴεССС֣ʡ
ţǡ軧սսСġСֲ࣬ûʦʩʣ

ǵ軧ڲũΪ񻧣ǰϧ
ʮʹ

վڵرߣ˶ס
ȻũҲȲ֮ˡСֲͰ뱥ϧһ۾ͿһЩۼ۰֣

軧ȴ˵ûаʦʩʡ
ֶԣǴɡ

Ҳ˵ȷʩʣСֵĲ
ϧľ㡢㡢£
ǵ軧һ䣬ææظϻؼҡ

ڣϧȥѰ
Ȼڵرߣ˫ڴ˯

ƵСҡڣһյĵģ
ϧһֻ֣ǽƵСʵгģ顣
ȷʵǺö

Űѻ
˯죬̸

ǣ˵̸̡ȥȥԺѧáúòã
ԺϲĽҲˡʱͦϧ˵ġ˵ʲôطҲȥ

ϧ˵ǡǳ͢١ٹѧ
͢۾һźϧӣʣϾ𣿡

ڡϡϾϧ˵
ʧҲȥ
ϧֲ˺䣺ܡģ

ͷһԹ̸´˵ܲܲҪ
ϧЦžסҪȥĸȥòã
áúãŵ˸ŻֶŮȻҲǰòС

粻˳٣ӢһͻȥϾ
͢ѧд彲ѧйؿɹʵ顣
ڻ֡ûʶĻëѾͷȷʵõɡڻƼңָȻֻѧˡ

ϧӢҲ飬޶˴ϻֱϾ
ȸԾޱȣȻΪʲôѧԺ
ϾطǸһѪ
۾ߵö

⽣ڵĳݣȻǿ졣
һ˺ܿͽϾǡһ·ؽϸɴʱľʵͬʵһʱͬ

ϾȻ˿Ҳڶࡣȣ͸һɷ׵С
ѿ֮ˣż·߽һЩҲӵòֵһᡣ
ʱĳ͢ȷʵʵ˥ͬȡ

ݽڳǣЩ¥ȴ¡
ӢŻͷ˵㵽ҪúѧԺ죬֪𣿡һת˵ǣ۸ҲҪĸ̸ԼĬĬš

Ĳᡣ
һ˲䣬һָĸǰѧĴ

ͣԺſڣӢ
ϧǽȥݣԵԺȻҲʮӡԺӹԽһ鷿
֪ϧѧôСһӣӹ廹̲סüͷ

ʱֻ꣬±ȳ˸һЩ
ӹʮΪѡ

ӢȻǿˣڴʱ˵Ժ࣬ˡǻʺߵĴŮ
ӹһüǽ壬˵

ʱ湬ŮŲϸ飬ܿ鷿
ԺࡣԺкӢЦӯӯصšηˡ

ӢͷЦʣòɺã
ǹŮɺη˴ʣﲻ֮ǰϲһλӡ¶æءʷͺŴݹ٣ūǰһ֪Сܷңλ͹⣬ȸ¾ƣ

ȻӢҵҡ
ǹŮϲ̵ȥˡ

ӹһ֪Ҳܲ˺ϧ򸾵档
ֻõźͷ˴Զ͵ϷϣȻҲŵùϷӣϷ򶨵ȫ̵С

ϧӢȻһл
ʵʺ˼Ҷ֪Ҳشơ
صڴʱɹŮѾײ

Ӣ᲻ûҲϾס˼ա
ȵһ죬Сµ¾ơ
ϧӢһŻһǰȥ硣

ʵⲢʲôϲ¡
Ůڶ࣬һСӣֵͬ졣
ʺϥ¾ôһӣŴٴ졣

С¾ƣ͢йԱȫ
ӢҲô࣬˺óԵģ׼Ը

ĻʹʵҲΪͬ
شܡҲ֪ʦĻˡ
ʲôʱֵһ

̾˿˿ڲ׼˳һ˳ĸ㡣
ͻȻ˵ʮһ࣬žϲý
ۡһڲȫ˵ϡ

ûҲǺȹԼ¾Ƶˡ




74.  ѧ   

ʮ£ѧ

һȺΧšʮ¡, ڳޡ
Ȼ鸴ӣǼ˶

ʺ¹ڻ毺áֻǸ꺢, м
еİʮ±ٰʵΪ, ˷硣ʺҲֻôҿһۣﱧȥ

һܹ
ǸߵӤ, һɣ

¾֮Ӣ򸾱Ҫ⽣ڡ
֮ʱӢŻ˸õѧᡣϧæǰæӡ, 򸾶һΪ̺á
롢ͱյû, һһñȫ

ĬĬؿæµ, ӢѧᣬԲ, ЩʯµöȣҪʡŵ㻨֪𣿡

Ҫĸѧķĸᰴʱ, ĸ׺ͽڼ, ĸˡһѧ, ҪЩࡣ, ȷʵҲʺϡҪúѧϰ

, ޾ϸؽ
档

Щʵöིѵף
һΣһ

󣬺ϧ뿪Ժ
ǳţŶ˵
ƽһ, þ

ɵף˼об
һֱȵ˵ԶصԺ

Ժģ
ֻһССԺڹѧһҲһٶˡ
ֻ

ϻҲ
ͨѧ֣ѧɡһЩ鱾֪ʶˡ

ԣ͢Ҳӡÿ겦Ŀʮޡ
һ㣬Ժ˼ªĻܿ

һߣһ߲鿴ҡ
Ժſڹһ׵׺ֵľƣдšԺĩβдšӹ⡱

ӴڣǹĲֿ⡣ҵضѷľϡӵȵȡ
ұ߾Ժѧá
ߣѧסѧᡣ

ѧãӹڽѧ
Ҳֻһλ
ɨһۻ̾˿ȥ

ָķ򿴹ȥһţȷʵпλ
ӦһӭѧӴĿ⣬ȥһšŰ꣬ӱͰСһٶѧӵѧãһţӶ

ӹҲСӣǸöɶ
Ҫ˵ŷҲ߯ļЩ
ӹֻ̾⺢ӲҪ֡ȻôȰźã

£ûп֡
治ڡ

һǸλãʲô¶̫Ŀ
ϵĿαȻǷӡƱ
ǺþûпôĿαˡ

ŷû΢⣬ٱǷټ䡢ҡҪݣҲֻд뼴ɡϾɵĿαȷʵز㡣
˼ҳǵ֪ʶ㹻ḻ

ͷ̳ϣӹ潲ѧһɫͷԵѧ
ȵڿνòˣ˵ѧ֮ȥʵѧѿڡˮʩƵʶҪϸļ¼


һȻȤ
һˡ

ӹһӦѧӣѧǶ̼ʺֽܿҵԼأʼ¼糤ơ

һЩʧҲ̫СˡؼǣôСȻǱֳһٶ飬һٶѧʹá

ֳʲô
ߵرߣÿһС϶űơ

ӹ屳˫֣鿴Щ硣ʣҵأ
㣿ӹƺʱһüͷ˵㻹̫СȸΡȵ΢Щһֵءɺã

⻰˼ֺ庢ӵζɲף̷˸ۣ˵СҪƭҶ˵ˣԺѧ𣬾Ҫṩġ
һ˵ȴȡһѧĵ

ӹ循ʧЦѾͷССͣ۵Ƕࡣ
ңҲΪѡԺÿնѧԱж
ͻȻһ

ҲܲϾǺϧ͹ĺӣǿˣҲǲá
ɮ濴氡

ĿĴһȻָԶһطˣػ㣬ɺã
һĵأڽŵ̨Աߣɳ滹˼Ұݡ

ӹ㿴ضǲǣ
˵Ż»ֻ֣˸ѧƣǿϡ

бۿһǷ߷߲ƽضٵ˻̸ĸһѧ𡣡
ӹЦǣⲻմĹ

ڣҲûйƽϡ
ԺиѧӷũߣҲһףʼط

Ȼ˭Ҳûһ¶ѧӣԺԿԺʹδй
ܶʲô
źϧҲҸطˡ⽣ҲǮ

һĵأʲô
һ߳ݣһ̾Ϊ˵һŰͰ͵Ͼû뵽ôһҲˣؼڻڹ

ԼҪôһСĵء

ò̸ܸĸִ׶
ɧ

û취
ʱȥȥ
ԺһһӲջת֮䣬ȥԺĵط˼֡

ֻлһ޳ɡ
ƽԺѧʵƽźϧÿɵѧ
һһٶľڱһ˾֪㡣

ӹÿÿϧ״ϧ˵ϸǧֵҼּ֣Ӽǧֶӹĸмӹ徭θ״ڱտڲԡ

һ꣬ʺš
ʮ¸պ꣬ϸ档

ʦɴཫǲΪʦΪʦ
ΪӡŮСϣϮΪȡһ
Ӵˣʮӱڹѧա

֪£Ϊ˷ܣⶨԵ
룬ʮӾѳңҲޱ֮ˡ¡ʦͽסܣĵطҲÿ
ԣĦȭƣȴ֮ء

һ죬ûȥѧ
˳źò״ϢǱ˹һѲܵҡ
ҲҺһ䣬ȻɭϣҪǧѡ

ǽͷԺ￴
ֻһ޴®ԺСʦһϣǰһСкͷһ

Զ·ֻСк봹ͷ¶ɿɰĲͷŬ뿴ȫֻкޱȡ
Ժѧӣףۣ

żǽٸЩ
ԺекƺоʲôͻȻתͷ

Ŀһײ˲ˤԺǽ
רģСкķ񣬳
Ск˵ʦǽͷˡ

̧̧ƤѵʦһӦΪ֪
Ск֪ˡ
ĶˣȻŵˣԺѧӣɣΪ㲻ѧ

Զԡ
Скԣüһ壬ʦ̻壬ӽǡ
ǰҽͣźСкʦһѵ⣬Ӵרĵ̣ĿҲδƫư硣

ǽͷ˴죬ԼѾٱš
׽˳ȥ
˳ӹ塣

ӹĪݵǰ⣬õˮͰվһޡ
ҹˮͰﵹһͰˮ

գٴλҡ
һ죬ѧľ
һڣС

ԺУһȴ˿δš
ֻýеһ۽Ӷȥ
۽ٵù⻬ľϣžһ졣һᡣ

޵ܺáӿɵ²ģͽա˵꣬һǽͷʱӴȸ˶ȮѾͷٸˣĹȣ
˵꣬Ժе۽ӣȥ㱻ӭҺݣһ١

ֹգٴǽͷֻһʹ̽ͷһŷǽϲ˼̡
ŭػԺæ˼աȻһӣԺ⣬˽ȥ

֮Ժﳤ˼̡˴ٶȿ쵽ۿɼҼӲޱȡ߲ͨն
֮ǽ˽п಻

Ժͣڴ̡
˶ԭɣֻССİʮ֪ɺζ
ǸԺǽ͵ѾͷȻǸˡ
ʦ˵öԣ

չһûͬ˵һ仰
ѾܻܲӰ졣ۻκιʲôרӶ

һȥӹ岻ֹһȰԺغμֵء
ϧģᡣϧǱߣڷӲҿڡ
㣬Ժ
Ҷ֪Ժиѧ
ʮѧһδ

ֱһ꣬ʵʦаδʽ޳ĹΪԪ
Ԫ꣬͢˾࣬ɰʮӵһμ
ֵȵһӦ񣬽Բ˾

һμ֮ʦֳʣ˵ɢ»ޱΪั
ţڼƽɫ˾࣬ʱ¶Ρ

ԺȻҲ˾࣬ѧӣһ
ǻȵط֣Լʮ꣬Ȼ
ðɣȻΣΪˡһӭ

˲Ƭ̣ͽӵ
⹷ѵһֱǵңҲҡһΣȲдŸң

ֶһֽġ
һｫԺ

ʵһֽǿںϧ򸾵ӣֱ˽Ժ
ʮδһ֣ɵ㣬˼㡣㣬ϲֺ֮ˡƫƫźϧѧ¡èɢ
ǡһ̲

ߣֽѧɡĸ֣⵶ġ
૵ѧɣСƨɣ㿪۶




75.  Ľ   

ʮ£Ľ
ʱ, ˺æ
ʮ꣬˾࣬, û˿һۡ
ϾʵߣôͶ͢, ʵӥȮ

һܿ콫˾໮Ϊ˾
˾Խӳ͢顢˾Ŀϸ
׻˾֮˾רѶѺ
ȸ˾Ϊʦ, ֡
˾Ժѧӡ

ĴѰ˲ţȺѰ桢̸Ϊȸ׻ټࡣ
ٻ³İ˾ټࡣ
˾ѧԺԺӹ嵣Ρ

, һŲմء
û
, ȻһֽȰ, ҲûϻϧǱߣмӵġ

Ҷ֪, ûôԾ
˾µѧյżһһ档

ɵһﲢûл
Ͼ, һڵһ, ѾȺˡ
һլ, Ϥһʦߡ

λصʦ, ԳƵΡ
, ˵֪ʦмš

ʮǰϾһֲ֡ͺҲߡΪѵõǣ, ɳ۸ƶɢ
Զڹټۡ

㷺ֲׯڣ䲻ǰسڣȴΪ衣
ϢߣԽԽɢǰ󹺡

βֻ֣լļͣڵĶλú֮󣬾ͻᷢ֡
ʶλʿϧõȲ

տǼˡҪȻȥɣ»Ȱ
һЩʵ̫æʮ꣬ѾЩδƬϢ۾ȫѪ˿
Σʵٲ֪ʱü

һԣȴֻǵٵȵȡֵá
»̾һڴʱ˽լԺ֮С

ͨƤڣ˫ֲϼ룬ȥũ硣
ԺδָָԺȥŶӵǼǣ𣿡
ũ˵ͷ֪ǺáͰ͵ش𣺡ʴүССｻӣ

ǻԺܼҺʵĶ֮ᷢϡӿȥ
ũֻڣһѾһӳЩãȻƺһŵģ

һǰʣ˼ңõˣ
ũŻһţæʩĪǵ𣿡

һæסǡ㲻ضֿѵ֣
ũæ˿ӣĹܼү˵ֻҪúӣţõ֡

ûеȶá
һһܼģ˳
Ż󣬵ģȴǫ͡

ʹڣᡣ
ũæңүСġ

ǹܼҿ˿ϵӣȡһ֣ǼעַϣԣҪһְ취ʩʡЩҲҪⷨʩʣɺҺŪճɲã첻֮ˣ֪𣿡

ָŴڷǩϵע⣬ϸũ
еũ֪ΪǺغͷϵ㼫ء

ԣũҲüΪ档
֮ͷүģҼܰõķŪ
ǹܼǵͷ֪ʶ֣ظһʩ̡

ũӣ㻶ϲл
һۿ磬Ӿͳţ̾ʿ

»ԼҼĽ֮⣬ֻǰʣλ£ʱ
ǹܼҴ»ֿһ۵һλû׼ҼլӡָָǰֵũλҲˣģҼϲ

»ҪʣһǰôǷбס
ɲǹҲΪѣǱϾ˼µġ¶ĸҴѽȰٵˡٵҲǰ׷ѹ򡣡

һﳤ̾һĽ
ǹܼЦӲ֪Ͼ⣬Ǽ˿ɶء˳Ҳ¶档

û˵ģɵһ»ܿס
νϺõƽɢ˾ƻй档
ԼһǸˣȻѵʦ˶
ңϺõֲۡʦӣζۣ

Ǽȸ˶ģֵ˱˲·
Ϊôϵֶûˡ
Щ꣬ȡԴ˿ɲ١

һ˵Ҳ鷳
ǹµ̾һ˵ɲ𣿹ӿﱻǧлʵҲûٵ¡ҹţҲΪһֱٲ
ҡҡͷȰԣȰҲѰˡѰҲָǸǻ

⻰Ȼ⣬ȴҲġ
һʧֻõѴȽ֪ģպ£ҵһ¡κѴǰ˾ࡣ

˾ࣿǹܼ֮ǰ˵ԣȴ֪ǰ꣬ε˾
æʩ񣬵һʱڿ죬״ĪҪ֡

һĻ֣
ԵݼڣλҲʮֺ⡣²ˡϵ£˹֮ʿΪ£ȻҲĵ֮ˡ

µ˴˻˺աǼиʱұΪתʡΣ
áһͷ»ᣬȡİ͹ˡ

ǹ֮ͣλؿ
ۼһҲֻ»լӡ
Ƭ֮䣬½кЩũڡÿ˳ʱһ֣ϲ

Ķ࣬Ҳ١
ССһ֣һƵıϡ
ٲõİˡ

һֿһ»̲סŹԣλϾĴҲʮּѡ¹ٿֻҪӻֻҪĽύԻ
˵ǡ˵ǰ̵׻˾бԺ䣬ɧţһץ

»æӦǣһ˰죬Ȼʣλδ棬ѾáһЩԱ⣬ȴֿۡ»˵ʲôأ

»Ļв֪ģ
̿Խ˰죬˵¹ٿһΪĻȡǮƣȷʵסֻѱضơۼֵֻͣͷҲԣҪֻµʵЩ

˵ͷʮͬ
ǣգ˾Ĺլˡһϡ

ʱ˾
ڿȵһòףһڻ
Ȼһۣ̤ɫѥΪ̫٣Ӹλֻʱ̰ڳһϵļơ

һȥôŻҶöˣ
»״ɿһĿת𴦡

üͷ壬С󣬿̫ˡ
쵽ŮƯ
˶ô˵

ôüûյ
յ˰ƤƳǽҸ̸ĸ˵ˣһûѧ֣Ҫ˾ٶѧꡣ

ᷳòУʡ
ȥðɺðɣʵԺĿҵ̫ˡҶˣģ
һһ⻰ֱüëһš
ָ±뱾ԶЩ

»״æǰȰգһֱûϢҲˣȻذɡ
㡭ðɡ׻Ѫ˿Ҳ˿ȡ

һĹʲôӿŲһ뿪ˡ
ص鷿һдŸϧҪԼֶŮ

˭ϣŸһĵ⽣ڣϧһֻͷϾ
ˣ˼ǧֵҼ֡
һֱڶ硣
ͻȻףӹӣΪʲôԺֺʮꡣ

һֱ磬ߺʱͷƤġ
䲻鲻ԸûѧʲôģȴҲˡ
ֻҪ㲻ɧҪ¾°ɡ

˽֮¸鵽һߣſũһ֣ϲʤظϻؼС
ڷǩǵΡ

Ρ
˼Ҫཻ




76.     ءʹ

ʮ£

, ˾󣬷꽫аδ֮󺵡
Ŀǰ֣Ҳͺ֮, Զֵܵ֡

͢ҲûʦԶʱӦ֡
һʱ֮, Ĳȣҥ
տʼ, ʱۻң⵽ʳδ죬Ѿ͵͵ո

֮͢£ֻɳر, һȶ, һ, ȶۡ
ΣµԿ

һֻǰϢ, ݷϢүӡ
ңʵΪǿ, Ϣүӡ
ֻҪܳ, ôҲ֮, ܽ

Ϣҡ
бκεط
ɳһϸ, ˮһ

񻭾µӰ, ǽͥԺ
⣬мɽˮ̨ͤ续

һ˴ţһ·ǰС֪˼Ժ䣬˻͵Ļ
Ϣүһɫ¡㣬Ҳֻһ˫Ьֻںڷһѩ׵¡

λ, һ飬档
һҲֻԵͷ

һһ֣ϯ
˷Ϣүӵһ֣Ʒ衣

һлյСһڣŵϢү˵ˣ͢۲󣬷궨к顣ǰϢүϢүԳɽˮ𡣡

šϢүñӦһ£ϷҲ˵ˡ
һ鲻̫ԣȻ֪к󻰡˵ܵϢүش¶ӭж⡣
Σƨġ

ȻϢүȻһסЦˡֻϷߣҲһ£һʱ޷֡
ŶһüϢү뽲

Ϣү飬ð꣬ʮּѣҲʦڱԹһЩƻй֮£ֻܹĳЩС˹ʵԶʮֲ͢Ӧùܹܡ

⻰˵ޣһ΢･һĲ롣
Ϣүָɫ̽

Ϣүӻбյ¶һߵĴȰ֮״Ҳ˵˵ĪҪȥүˣòعص˻¡↪¡˶ڼУȼתͷԸԼĳϢᣬǶˣһҲЩҾͲˡ

һ㵽Ϊֹͼȴ쳣
һȻףϾңĻô

Ϣү֪˵ε£Ҫ͢Ρ
һϢһپƣϢᵹܵȫ᷽ϢүӵĻȻˣҲֿ֮¡

Ϣҵ˼Ѿ¶úˡ
һԹȺƫ»ͱæӭ

̸Σ»Сʡ
һأΣڵԸΡ
ʲʲô΢ץץͷϢүӣΪΣϾֻɢƽϢݵλΪͬΪѣ

벻ס
»͵ΪϢÿҲд֣СЩ֣ȹټ۸ߵöļ۸񡣶ƽ֣ƽɢͬнסȻҲһ·

侪ϢңϢһ֧ϵǻҪ׬Ǯ
һ˵ֹϢңң׬Ǯ
ƶǶʣǲںɢƽѪ𣿡

һû˵
ǸգˣȻ벻͸йϡ

»Ľ͵ⲻһ룬ҲʦдƷ;Щʵ֣˭ȥ
һţҲҪۣǰճαϣ

Ҫôкأ»̾ôʤһ֡Уʦݽ׼ٹ̡һרɢʦܹھ󲿷ʦ֣ʦʲô

ͷƤ飬»벻ʦԵѾ˼ɵΣ
һɫѾʮԵûκˣ˺
»ͷϧ٣ǻ֣Ҳܷж⡣

һ̾˵ǡվ䲻أ
ѽԱ߱䲻ͷصϱǵҲ֮ˡֻҪ֪֣ǾϾʾ˼

ҲǸ취»ͷ
һܾﲻԣվҲûֹҽɡ

ȻһصϾ˾ʾ
Χۣһų͢дš
бΪӦ꺵飬

֮ڵţһһšϾ⡣
ÿһţɵһױд
ǶԵء֣أֵá

ȥڡ
ɰת

ʱֻһλоĬĬɢʦ
Ȼɢ֪ոҲԴϾֻһɢʦȫʦл

񣬳͢Ȼ׳֦
ܲڣ

۷׷ף˭һλ
Ҳ˵ǡ
ð˶ķաЩɢȳ͢ࡣ

еʲôۣӵʲôۣ
ʵˡ

ǣҲаҹڹ֮£ǧҪ¶档
գйȫͿĻ˺١
ǿʼɳ͢ĶΪ˴ԣ˰ݷϢ֮󣬾ҪڲΡ

ϢүţǲȻŭۣҲЩɡѵǳ͢ƣҪڲٰ

Щˡ
ԣʱ

һܴʱԼٳ֣Ҳܲһеġ

ϢԹۣʦ׷װ
ǶϢүӵɫΣȷʵǸǵڳɡ

һʱ֮䣬汾졣
֮Ҳ˵֪

Ȼδǹլġ⡱ȴԽԽˡ
Щӣǰ̽á

˷׷׽ԣҪǧҪغݣĪҪ֡
Ҳ˰ƶɢҪͼ۹֡

ȻˣĹܼҲǳˡʮϸ£ټɢزࡣЩð֮Ҳռˡ
һʱ֮䣬иҧгݡ

Լ֣ͨ͢ƷʾȻȲɢ֮Ҽ۸
˭ܲ

һʱ֮䣬ʦش󻧱Թ
һգ˾һԺӣͿʼ¡

ο֣ǾŪ˰꣬գ׳һӲ˶ڵϣһ˿ɾָʳǮǺǵѪҪǵĹͷ
ӻأġʮĸڵأʼءʹ顣




77.  غ   

ʮ£غ
լһƬ, Χǰֵũ׷Χۡ
ԷֵˣҲȰˣλ衭
仰һ, Էüǲˣô֪˵, ͬɣ

׳ǰ˵˵, ɫŭȣ˵ǵεʲôˣ
˱Ǹͨũˣ⣺Ҹʶ
׳Ŀ, Աְ˽ŵؽ˸һ, ҲЩ˺ò

˵, ˭ҲҴͷۡ
⼸ˣһͲƲ硣

ʱ, Ժ
ҹʼϸϸһȵɫһ, ͸һȥ
Ȼ, һ鷿ȥֻ»Ϊת͡

»˾һ, ϧֶŮԼҼкø, ˾۾Ķܿ
ֻǼû˼ͬҲǴ۾ܿ¡

ӹ, Ц˵ˡᣬһǻ˼ڹϣ¹˹⡣
Ҳ⣬ֻǵัͽȥɣԵĲ⡣

ҲǸŮӡ
»ӹѣ鷿

ȻҲԼҪæ
ԺĿ, ԣЩȷʵ̫ˡǿﵹû׷ѣ泤һһԵСݡ

һʮ꣬˭Ҳ֪ʲôáֻż˸пԺЩûˣ̫ˡ

鷿
һֳ̼ʣڻһݲͼ»ѷȥЦ㡣ȳ
һɨһۣ䡣
»ԣҲֻܵǡ

ڴʱˣǱߣ¡
һ̼΢٣󽫱ʸ¡ûʲô£󲽳š
Եĳ羴»æϡ

յĹլʵʮ֡
˲١ܺߡܺУ׳ҲаʮϸĴСͯ
ϸСͯޣ׳ץɵũ

һûڣԱһ󣬾Ѿԭί
»Ҳüͷ壬ָ֣
һһ»飬ʣҪʱ֤Ƿ˽Ǵذ׻˾ϸϸʣ

ء˳Ƭ̣ȥǰѶ
»üԼҼŵˣǵǡ

Ƭ֮󣬾ǰ
ϾڷˣǷִ˽
ߵܺǰࡣ
˺ˣǸڷˣλĸĸ٣ŵδϴԩġȺũ

Ȼ⻰һɣЩүһѵġ
һʱ֮䣬˽䱸ڴ

ڴ˶żܺˣżҪ͵ѶҲ蹫ãֻʣ£
ܺԣʱ£׷ϥǰ˵Լϵյġ˼¡

ڴ˼仰ˡ״˽ۼ֡
ʱլļ˺Ȼ˵ˣ̲ɡ
ڴ˱֪ͨԻȥˡ

̲˽ҲѶ󰸵ĺ֣ʱߵܺǰͬ࣬ʣ£
ҲǺͿ١С˵
ǣܺٶ£׷ϥǰ˵Լϵյġ˼¡
ֻࡣ

˵ԭɣ˾Ӵǰ˰
ߵܺǰ˰죬ʣ£
ܺ޺ţ˵ϵյġ˼¡

һ磬͢˰λˡ
ԱΧ۵ũǰһ棬Ϳʼ͵֡
ܺʵǿ޲ˡ

ھλǰʱǵıʮŤʹ࣬Ҳʼð
ҲˣǸɥֽ̰ܿԭίһ顣

Ⲣû꣬Ͼǿ󰸵ĹԱССҲаšְɡ˰˸ӣլضһ裬һλˡʰ
ȻˣȴĹ»ԡ

һֱ磬ܺȫˡ
ޡ

λҪҲһһǳ
ȣ⽣ںϧһҡôͷɫʮࡣ
һϵȺˮһڡ

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ϧӢ򸾶վڡܺߡǰӢһ䣺£
λܺ˶ʱǣϧֹ

Ǻò׽ԭίǴͷĹâһһԷ򸾳֡
Ⱥһʱ۷׷ף˺ˣĸƣ˾ͺˡ

Ȼƴ˷ݶһͬܺǰϧһ֣ʣ£
ܺǵɫѾʼˡŸʻҲҲ

ոմ꣬Ҳϵȭӳͷ˴˫
ߵܺǰ˰죬ʣ£
ǰɱ˰ɡܺǱˡģЩһѣǿź̫۸ˣɥ

Ρš򸾿ֱ֣˵ߵ£ʱֻǹʱ㴿Ϊ˹ӡ
ۼܺɤӣʹҽƱ磬Ӣŭգ͵سһŭȣ£
ֻ鼸ϥء

ܺǾ¡
һȣסĲֹǡϧơӳλŴܣҲ˫ϥһӦ򵹣
ΧȺڸŴ͡

ȡϧơӳλܻ࿴е֮ͬС
µվһͬ˵ϥϵĻҳ

Ӣݶʹ˫Ҳ࿴˿
ȡλԼΡ
˿ϧֿƣ󿴿ӳ󡪡λ԰ҽ̻ͦáʩʩȻߵܺˡǰһ࣬£

ܺˡˣҪײԾ
·
̱йٲסܺˣһһϻؼߡ

ԭίڡܺߡǵĿ޺˵Ǵ˰׻˾
˺ܾãЩܺǵĲҽлƮڹլϿգþòɢҿ˰ɣˣ

ⰸǷᣬᣬҶ̫֪
ʵЩ£۽ΣԷڵġ˰ʵʡӵİ˰ʵҲҥҥ

˵ף޷ǻļˡ
ֻǼ󰸵ķ̫ء
ӴԺҲûСܺߡţôһˡ
ǸǮҲûԸˡ

ֻŴ£һҲ֮￪ĺ֪
ǺšơӳλŴõļҽ̡
ԽԽ㣬ҲţΪλܺ˸źšɡ




78.     Ӧһ׳

ʮ£

Ͼڳ, ̩;¥
ϧơӳλܴŷˣһż䡣
һͬǰģȻ˾һ

⼸, һȻۡ
յȱģĵλܻġ, Ҳ

Ϊ֪˵ΪˣҲȻ
һǫ, ηӢŷ˷ݶ˴˫˺һ˾ǰΡš˵һ򣬻֮ѾкøС

ʱһ̱˱˴˵Ρ֬ˮۡ
Ů⻰ϻһ򿪣ʱϲ
һ, ˽á

šŸΪҷơ, ˴֮Ҳϧ, Ͷ
ٵļףЩ롣

ڴʱ, һ
ǻ

ŷȻԼֶŮ
ʱ, Ӣһ, ֣, λĸ

Ӧһ, Ŀһ۾ͳ˵һ
϶ʱЦݣѽ, Ҳڣ

һﲻԱŲŲ˶ҪӢߣǹɵݶ˫
˼æȻһޡ

Ʒòһݶ
˫İ֣пҪǰ겻ơ֮̾, 뵽ڣתڵҲáˮ飬ž˴ϲ

˳˵ĸﵽôҵİ۹ĺò
⺢ӣӢЦӲԸ˵

˵ô
һϵĲˣ˵λĸҪٵһˡŵÿ˭ƽϣֻǺЦͷˡ
ǻͷԸСһӣ⡣

һȻԸͬϯϧ򸾵ӣĨ
Ҳɽ¶ˮЦλǰԸϵϾĪҲ֪£

ᵽΣ϶ʱֳֵ顣
˵һһۣΪ͵ԼԼ˲Ϊ⡣׼𸴡

ϧ죬ȵȻҲ˵һЩ¼
ôһ˵һ̾ȤԵһж쳣Ȥ
ԣæʣ֪λǰ֪Щʲô

ϧ¿ӣ˵˵˵ڡڵΡ
æ˵λӦʮǰϾ˾ĩӼңĵһѾʮȶ濹ڶ̣Ҳߡ
ͷĬĬԲˡ

ӳҲǡԣûôɹģǰûԴҲûٲȥżʲôۼĨһ
ϧͷʱӣ

˿ӣһЮһ飬ǼӣóԵģ㳢
üɴðŵ̫ˡô˵ȴûж˼

ϧӢһۣҶӱ˴￴ݡ
ݶʹ˫ҲģĻв׵ĵ

ϧʣڡ
˵ʵǳӢȴֻЦð죬ӻ̸˵ϾҲʮüˡ˵Ҳ˼֣ûλ

ôһʣȻһĿ㱻˹ȥ
˰졣ʣôﾹȻ˼֣һʣΪβ֪

д
̾˿˶СŮƫȻ֪ˡ
Լô꣬ȴԳСŮӡȻ⡣˵԰ƲСˡ

⹷˼̱
һԱӢ翴ԼֶŮ˼ȻˣҲ˼˵˼
˰

Ӣҡҡͷ˵ȳԷ
ˣĻԵȥ˵㲻ûҼ

⻰һʱһ˾ס
ϧ˵ɿЦ
յһǰҲԼһΣ

һͫ΢ðŵ˵ѣ
ʼ磺Ųţ
һԣӢɫСӲҽ˵꣬תͷһûһ֪ٵģЦ

һȻҲ룬һ׷ʡ
֪ϧ򸾲Ը̸⣬Ҳٶ˵λĸˣɺóˡ
롢λĸЮˣȻЦǺǵӦˡ

ż˵д˹ţҪѰҵΣ
һǡ˾д󺵣Ҫһ֡룬Ļ£֪£ȻӦС

˵£Ҳ˵ˡֻǵЩĴҲˣǲΪá
һɫ֣أ˸ʿӦоաԸԸǱԨ಻پԸɽԻᰰǰ󡢻һ֮ǡݸͿأǡ

⻰˵棬Ҳ档
⹷Ȼɫ
⵽ΪʲôԼ飿
벻ͨ

Ͼᰡ̾ЩıɼǼһܷסģӲܣֻẦ
һᡣ

Ρšˣ֪仰
ǻ֪

һٶ⣬Σĳŵһ򶼲˵˵
ƴȫȥ

ǵ˼˵Ļŵġ˵
һﲻʵǲϲ㡣

һֱͷգϧҲҪԻȥˡ
Ӣݶ˫һʣ˽áΡšҲԽУһˣ

ż˵Ĺ򣬼˶Գ̩;¥
ĸȥҪ˾ͬһѽ
һӿŲ׷š

ۼҪ߽˾Ĵţһᣬ㲻𣿡һﻺͣסŲ˵Լһ档
ƾ㣿˽Žɡ

Ͻ׷ߣ˵ԡƾҡ
һȻţʣ㣿

˵ҼȻô˵ˣȻȡ㡣ʲôأ
⻰ʵ΢˼ĿƣԼڿɺһ

ȣջĿ⣬ɣԼΡҹһϾòã
һԾɲţֻõѽԼΣȻһա

ȻĶʣϾ
ϲӦˣ
ߣһһ˦䣬ȥԼܵüΣȻһŵǧ𣡡

̫ˣϲҵţ㣡

ҹ˾鷿
һﻹδ˯£߾٣ȴûпȥ
ռĻ֪١ʵԼ
΢΢ͷԼȻмֽš

ڴʱͻȻ˵ˡ
һ͵վ˫Ŀֱŷš

ű򿪣ȻǶһ
Լһֱʡ

ʲôѸ鵽ϣȺ
㻰СĵؽʢҨСұ㡣

һֻ£㡣ȴϸƷܿ콫֮
ȡһݹȥ

һӹϸһۣƺĿⶼ
ǡεķǩ

˵ģм١
һʦķǩҪ֮ѷơ
ѵõǣּһʦױʡӡư棬Ҳзα

ڣǵεķǩдȴֵƷȱע
ǽʻ֦һŨ˳
Լ³С

³ǡ
һﲻ֪ΪʲôԼôһط
һȥ
۵Լκεص㣬ḰԼ

ɫ֪ʣǵǵǵԼ֮Ҫһգ
˵꣬ȵһشת뿪

˳ãͻȻ»ڣ
æˣѾɢˡǷҪСȥ

šӦһ

Σัʮ𼱵ر£
һ棬ȻãӦһ׳

»ΪԼû˯ѣΪʲôĻԼÿֶһͲأ
ð죬˵
ԣļ磬汾ȥһס

ัɴ۾ʱˣҪȥ·




79.  Լ   װǺ۰

ʮ£Լ

һһ׳
ʱ˯, ʲô취
ֻôŹǷЦش¡

, 컹δ˱Ѿʰ׵
յһûдٷ, ǻһϮǳɫȥ˼ϣ˼ֹӵķһŴͷ, ϵ³ǡ
³⣬ȷʵһ֡

ͻȻޱġ
ΪõܲˣԼ, ˭Ҳû
һƽһ˼, һˡӦ֮, ƺϧ飿
Σλһλ˫ʿ

ʱ, ⴫ŲŲᣬ̤ſ֦Ҷ, ֻһ΢
һػͷ, ֻ, ͷɴñ, һһ, ˶

һ䱸ɡ
ǰˣۣͷñΪñɴ˶ڣŮ
ߵһǰ, ˸ơ

һ¡ԻĻʼմɡԲȷǰǲǻϷŪԼ
ܻĲɣǰԼˡ

ǰһɴĵ֮ͬС
һο֦ĵд֣Ϊζ

һ֪˵ǼʦּıϸС
ϵּȷǰǵαˡ
̵µһĽ֮һֱоΪΪʵ˸ʿ

ñ£顣
ֳֿ֦д֮Ͱˡ

һ֪ݣҲвѵĿԡҰѳ֣ԼҲǹĶࡣڴƹأʮ־塣
վµĵι֣˾ҪһΪͺ֣֪Ƿܳɽ

˵⻰ǰĵξþò
һæģһҪ¶ȥ

γĬãͻȻ֦ٶ̵дһ֣ɡ
һϣλȻ˺˵׼˵һԸ㲻ǿʹӦ˴ֲ

θźɫñƺҲڴһţ༰Ļ˽գΪλ·
ǵһλҲ仰ס
һʵش𣺡ֻǾʪǳɫů

ٴγĬֻʣǾòף
񡣡дһ֡һм΢ƽע⵽εֻ̫֡Ҳ£У֦Լһɫļ

ˣֱ̬֮Ů١
ǵļ״̬ͬ͡Ա޹ء

һҲԸ̽Ը¶俼ǡԼһζ̽ͻˡ
˶ݳĬڴʱȵɡ
һü΢壬Ҳվ

ֻ֮УƺʲôУٳС
һһ򾯾ʶڵǰԴӻȡһڵء

δײȡķ״һˮԲ𶯣һֵеĹнٶԽԽһƺߣ
һ£ڽ棬һ֧Ҫ͵ϮΣʱվȡ

ҡҡλΣ쳣ʹࡣԾɼҪǰǰ˼
ˮʼ𶯣ܹ֮
ڣѪҽһز

һżϵˮ򣬵벻һֱվֻǸһ¶棬ͱ˶ϡ
γĬǵȻġ˶˲·
Ҫ֮졣

һ˫ֳˮ򣬵ǻ֮һѰԿѹƵˡȻΪ쳣߿ЧҲµһ⣬¡
룬ֽӹڴʱһ￴֣˳ϸ壬Ůɣ

Ůӣ
һü΢壬δϸ롪̽ȡ˽οǵʵʧ

ڴʱм̿Χ£
ǰɱˣҪ̽ʵˡ

̿һˣ£ס
εǰˣһϾǻ塣ɱ˵ΣһҲǾͱҪͷ¶βˡ

һԻַһ̿ͼ״æ˿
ǰֳ˴ǿǶˡ

һʮ꣬Ϊ
Щ̿Уû
˵ףͷļǮֻΪʼң鷳

֣ŷҲǸѲĻɫ
˻࿴Ϊ׵һʾ⣬˷ɢж˰һͼ͵ηֿ
ϾǵҪĿ꣬ǵΡ

ǿˮϻеһָ¶ȡ
̿ͷʹлᦡӶ׹ǿצ
һεڵǰһö̻״ķҪٶȴ߶ͻȻ󣬵ηԾһؿ֦磬ӭһڴ̿͡

̿ԭÿЦǣ֦ٽ˲佣磡
˸ߺһ䣺Ľ
ʲôʡ

Ҳֻ仰
ĽһĽĸǰȺ̿ͲûжٿڵĻᡣ
Ƭ֮䣬ֻʬ塣

һվԭأɵؽ˴̿͡
ĵĺɴ¶¼Ϊ毺õΡһԿ϶λŮӡ
ȻްаȫȻֻǶһλǰ˵ľ

ֵǰǵǷ켫¡Ტۡ
л赣
֣Ȼθˡ

תȥ֦
һãӦǳڡڵĳλϡ
ǲԻ֮أʲô˶ϡ档
ֻǡ

ʵ˵
һﵽ˴ʱԴ˷ԽĽֵǰϾ֮ҡκҪԸЧȮ֮͡

λҡͷ֦ڵϻд¼֡Ӧ֮֡
ᵽһͫͣʣǰʶ
ȴƮȻȥ

һϼûٸϡ
Щ˱ˣȥԣΪ˭
վԭأĿ͵뿪

ΡܳԶȻسһһﲢδժñؿڣƽҵ
װǺ۰δǰ

ССͣһϹϾģǡҪƵڵأúõ۰һ
ȥ²̫

촩ǳɫ
˵ɫůɢֵĳʪ
ʯǣﻶϲȸԾ

һл쳾ͬ
л쳾ƺʶ֮УһУ䵭

ô룬ӭͿһˣֶ
л졢

ǲᣬ붼
ߡ

֮Ул쳾ڲ鿴
һѾĨȥּԭΪǴ̿͡΢л

л쳾һķ￴Ҳ̫֡
л쳾ɫȴΪ࣬ӵһʣţڴ˼Ľɱ˴̿͡Ľ߽дΪ

ԣü΢Ȼڵ߽Ǳֻлˡ˭ùڽɱأ
л쳾ԣʱԴʮֲϲ˵ƫƧˣΪ£

ʣҲʣ˵ƫƧлΪ£˵лϾҪ̳֮λڣɱôˣĪǸʲô˵£ɱڣ

л쳾
Ͼ֪лҲͬƽϣ鿴Χ֮󣬱뿪

Ҳ׼ˣֻ֣߳𷽲ŵһ֡
˵֣ͻύ

ȻʶΡ
˰롣ԼӦͬϾһա

ԺĪֵԺ⣬ǽ¶һСԴС󣬻һֱǰա
µҲÿͬξͬΰɡϾҲǿԼˡ
ߡ




80.     ˶ʱĲ

ʮ£

˾, ˾
һص鷿»æӭм
ȻСһߵ, Ҫ£һ, ڵӡдл쳾֮λݰټ֤

л쳾
ü, Ϊʲôǿһ𣬾˲ϲ

תͷһ۸©һߣʣû
, ั㲻һ¡ðŵûСӦǻѧá¹ȥ룿

ˡһ￴һ۰ߡ»᣺Ҳ, ¹ٿ, ҪһӦҲҪˡ
ĴȤ, Ȼֻ˵һһ۵

Щ꣬Եһʮġ
ÿ, ЩԵ
һȻûʾʲô, Ȼ, Ҳ֪ġ

Ƕ˱ܿת˻, »ʣֵ, ʼ
ѾӦʡһ֮ᣬʹأҲɱءľΣء

»ԣȻҲ𾪣Ϯˣ𣿡
һҡҡͷػ, ΪȺǰˣʵԲλࡣ
ôһˣ˵ˡԲλࡱĸ֣ɼĴ

»οֻᣬˣƽȻʿ
һһһ۸©

ʱ۳ſˣ˻û
»һۣȻҲ֡ôûأ

Ȼûȥ
Сضл쳾ҵطһͷһŴͷصϾ

һǸԼͻ˺ܶʱ䣬Ļü
һӦͬϾ
ϣŶЯͬΣ˯˹ȥﶼһǵۡ

һֱȵҹȻû
ⲻǳĸԣ
ΪԼ˵ѵӦ͵һ

Īǳʲô£
еҪѰ˼ҹȥѰ˾һŮѧԱֻ²á
ȥҲֻˡ

ڵڶ죬ܿһʳС
ˣΪ׼šջһǳɫȹȹƮݣԵúšǳɫܳ

һջĿ⣬ʣνʶ
Сʢְ࣬СΪںáһˣҲֻ̫ýӹ࣬һڡ

࿴ѩףʵţͰٺϣ塣ůůθٵʮʡ
һﲻСˣһһڣʼ緹

˵ΡԸ¶棬ҪΪɢ֣ԾҰаæ
˵ǣһŵġ
㣬۰æ̫Ͼˡ

һǻ𣿡
ǻЮˣ˵һЩ飬鷳ЩҲܵȥ

벻һˣȻؽ󡣡һ̾һ䣬ǸͲˬڡ
˵ʲôһˣòִϻۡ
ߡտһ䣬Ϳʼβ͡

ǽȥ棿ʡվĴ˵ǡˡ˿
ȻСҲһŵǧġ㡣

˰죬˵ʵǰϾҹĵطࡣ
޵ôطȥġ

估ĵһٿǰ۵ꡣĲܻ룬״鳦
ûϵֻҪһǹﶼǿԵģܿɷ

һʣﶼԣ
ͷﶼԡ

ǣ˹ȻŻ
ʼнԶųⲻֻķ羰һ˲䣬¼û

һﱾһһȻҪץ
ԣ㲻һϵˡ

һ·ų⣬ǰ羰ʶ
ǡĳԪһһʮ꣬һｫھȻϾʱ·

һ·Ŵ⣬Ȼûһڨ
һʣ𣿡

ûлشִڴϣĿⶼĬ
һﺰһֱûûΣصģȥЩˡ

͵ػعȻˮַ׷ȥЦŵôڱտڶǵΡ˵ýͬΣҲҡ

һＫټ㣬ǺЦģе
ǡϾʶҲʡ

ôأæôңΪʲôôã
һסȷʵû¡
ôѵֹۣûûΣȰ

ʣΪʲô
ΪѽһΡص˵μ㳤֮󣬷ǳӢ
ġ૵ֲһ䣬ǳ

Цð죬⣬ͻȻ˵˾䣺ǡȥڵ·
һһ٣Ҳ֪
֪עӴ⣬ð˵·߹һΡʱ̫ˣһ۾˳

ŷ򸾴ȥڣһʡ
ҡͷȴټ˵ˡ

·ϣûж̸ˡ
·ɳ΢Цű۾

һδ˳ĬʱյĲɢһĸо
Ŵ⣬һ·޻

һϰϰߴߴꡣ
һ̣˵㳹˼ž

룬ԼӦͬһաȻһչ⾰ȴȫϣƺǺ˵ȥ
ȷʵΪԼ˵Σ˵ıϾǻʹǵл쳾֮λȥ·;ǸԼҲǿԡ

л쳾૵ռ𣿡
δ̫һλñĹˡһüʣʶ

ûлͷǰһΡҼ޸
ǳߡ

һЦ˭˵أ
ЦԳһﵱȻоﲻԡϲߴߴĻǻĬܾտ䡣

ǣֻԼһ˵Ůˣ޸ɣ
˼⣬Ҳ֪ǰͦġûйػ䣬ֻǲݲݵصֲáڣҾͲˡ

֪Ϊʲôô˵һкࡣ
Ҳľ졪Լ㼵ܶͣ˹뷨

磬һ·ۡ
⵱Ȼͨö࣬ȴͷҲ硣
ӦʣΪβôͷ

˺ԥػ֣̫󡣡
ðɡ޻˵

ڡ
л쳾˶֡
лѡĴˣл赴һʼû

һڴ£ŵŵʿ
һʱ֮䣬ʮ֡

͢ʵ̫ԸˣʦҲһĺ
һŻɽǰ

Ϊڶ࣬лںͺ԰ͣл쳾ɽӭ͡
һѩ£񡣴ʱ󼸺ʲô

лԺҪĿлˡǹϲϲǰڲҲҪףؼ䡣
л쳾ȭʩ񣬵ˡմݹ٣δ˵꣬Ȼ˶ס
˵һĻ

ʱΪ˽յͬΣ;Ĵһ
ǰ໨βɢϵΡǰ׵Ļ䣬ĵ毺õܽسˮһǳ𣬳ĵü͸֫ϸ֮ʱ

л쳾Ǹɫˣһ̣Ǳһȭࡣ
лʣµĻ

˼һ仰˵һ룬ûȻ֡
˳л쳾Ŀ⿴ȥֻĿ⽺֮վӯӯЦĻ
ֱԼ۾˵ел쳾Ѿ

˭룬˾ɫˣ
üһ䣺л
֣Ҫл쳾ߵĻǡ

ȡл쳾ոջػ꣬õǰл쳾ƮƮһݣл
лոչλĻǣƮƮ塣
Ĳã




81.  ǰ   ǰ򶼿˳

ڰʮ£ǰ

л쳾, ʶԼʧ̬Ҳָܿǣһ, ֪ǡ

شСŮӻл, ף£š
л쳾ָܾϤ, ݼ䣬һ£ԭǰ

һԵļߣ, Щ, Լɽ, ĪҪͷӭˡһ̱ϾлѾ߲ˡ

, ½ı͡
˴˻ʵǲЦ, ֻǿ̡

л쳾ԭҲЩ, һ, λЦ, λɽ
ƽԵٲȼˡ
Ҳ˵, Իپ͵ȷʵΪˣϲ֮

⻰һв˷׷׸͡
̽죺ǣлɫҲ֡

˶˵ˡ
ʦǴܰ

л쳾ȻӸһƽϡ
治ɫ, һ·ɽ

ͷǰ·ȻĻ
ǱǶİ㣬ĳҡ

л쳾˼֡ɲ֮Ůϧλ֮󣬱㽫ö˽ӻ⽣ڸ
벻Ѿ㡭

л˼ãûҵһǡݡֻһôǡĴʡѾĶ

ͺ԰лڴ͡
л쳾Խµıл赻عͷ
֪ΪΣһۿȺеĻ

֮Ŀġ
ȴֻлʣɲ֮䣬ͷƤˡ

л赵Ŀڻ϶ͣȴ벻ڴŮκ¡
ȷʵǵһμˡ

лǰһԭǼþòˡ
һҲֻв죬ͬίߡʮģȴл赶Դǰ߿һۡ

һʺ֮󣬵һͻһ
ʱδ룬δϯڶеıǣб

ɫƣԪļƷ
һţڣҲЩζ

һЦôѵлζ𣿡
ˡһ߳ǣһߴ洫ļᰡ

һһѾһǣ䲻
˵

ڴʱһӹһɫıǣ˵庮ŮʳΪ͹һЩ
лˡƽĵùлգСŮܳ

һ
л쳾еĺøУڵأˤһߡ

һеϲơ
ſڣбǰ
εͣ㶼ˡ

ϧơӳЯʢᣬȻҪЯҾġ
ԼŮҲˡ

ڵȻ⣬ʵϣǸϣЩܹǰ
һܹȥȻȺ֮Уδ⡢ˣƾҲˡ
Ӣǲᶪġ

ЩһֱϾԺѧա⽣ڵʱ֮١
ǻƾı仯ó

ƾӢߣûڻƼʱĳ
Ӣ˵˵ѾҪЩ
÷˶ﲻۡ

ǣƾʹһ죬ͷ߸˸β硣
ǸʮŮ硣
һ·ҲĿ⡣

ƾҲû̫ϲӢѽ㵹ȵˣ
Դףĸƫģ㡢ǰ磬ң

ӢЦ㵹Ҷȸ״˵ıǼ⣬Һ̸صǰ˾Ѱ㡣ѽЩԼţҲû̸ĸ

ȿȡ֪æǼ˴ֻѰ
ֱ׳Ӣǣ֣һ·Ҳһ
Ȼġͺϧȥ˾Ѱ»˵ͬһˡ

ӢϧϴЦȴ׻Ĵ浣ǡ
˼򸾶˵ȻܿЩ

һ˼Ҳס
¶ԼҹŮͷһȡ

һͬ˼񣬺ϧ˼ǼˡͬһСҪˡ
һȻᣬǳ͢ȻҲͲԱݼ㡣ͬϧƽǿԡ

ӢԵ
֮Уûô׹أֻ֣ŮǴŮݶ˫Ů찤
ƾһۿϵ˳ǰ

ɻ˺Ρš伸ˣתһλ̸Ҳû˵
Щǣ˵嶯
ʮϲ

ܲ嶯𣿻һˣС磬ҲҪӦġ
˵꣬Щݣ֮¡
Ȼˣǽʱˡ

ɨһ۵һָֻҲܹҡֱϡĻҪƾ󣬻ָġ
дȤ

Ժϧ˻㾴أϧҲϲͬ˵
ĳָֻ͢ˡ

˵ǰһʱ䣬˾֣ˣ
һüĿ
˵Ըϧ˶׹ӳҲСͬˣ

һͷ̾ʿ
ƵԵˣҪʹһ
ǣӳȻ˵ţ˲֣Ǹ֡

һ˵һ䶼ε֪
֮ʱ߲û֡ʱд̣Ǳ塣
ϧпʿһˡ˴˸ߡˡ

˸пʮΡ
Ҫһѣǵ

ڴʱл쳾
վ
ֲͬŵһɣǶšڵˡ

ִ֮ţˣͱֶۡ
л쳾μȻҲһסлЦӢηչ˻Ƽҽã˫лĳһ

⻰Եôһζ
ӢҲңͶԵŮǴԳ壿

л쳾ͬһƣֿ˻һۣ뿪
֮նʱЩ΢
лǸðʧ֮ˣἰƼҽãк⣿

ϧӢһۣ˶û˵ʲôϧȻؽ֪
Ϭӻ֪εüλͣ

ǶĬûΡ
ֻҪԴ˲ĸʵ̫ࡣ

һ֣ɨһۻôϧҲ֪
˫ҿװ¡

ֻõͨһԸĿʾˣҲ̸ֻ
Ӧλܷ׷׵ͷ

ȻԷȻҲ̽˽תƻ⣬ʣ˵ҲԺѧꡣʲô𣿡

˶ӢҲ˵˵ǡǵǰ갢л¡˵ֶЧΣ

ԣüë΢ЦЦ
ʲô飡
ҳѧҵСѧֻܺôаɡ
͵һЦ

Ц֮󣬼ʣ𣿸ʰںδܴҵһ𣿡
ŭĿǣַ֮ǰ򶼿˳ˣ




82.     㣬㻹

ڰʮһ£

ϧһʮ, ֵĵطȴڱ𴦡
л쳾ˣһֱ¡
Сڳˣֿ̿, ټòӢºƷ¸߽࣬ûʲôȱ㡣

ôһ, һֱŮĽĶ󣬸δ̩ɽ
ο, ˳˳ؼڵλ

ţѾŵ䡣
˭ŮǼһôҫ£

ԣϯ俴ƺ, ʵϼŮǶڴ⡣
ֻϧ, л쳾Ůɫ, ߴδʲôɫԡ
ôϲź

ʱ, вл׽л쳾¡
Ȼ, л赺ɫرʾҪл쳾Լ⡣

ϧ, ǲ⡣
ע, ǳܼܲ͢ʱ, ĪĴ

һӦźϧ, ϯ̸л쳾ƽˣǸѡ֮ӡ߹һ

˲ɨһۻֻһ߳һŻƾߴߴ˵ûꡣ
ƾʮһ䣬Ҳ⡣
л쳾ģȻϷġûбֵ˼

˵μ޸л쳾
Ϊ˶ʱ, ڷ㣿
ǣûûΡ

вмԼеϲ
˵ףʶܾˡ
ȻһֱϲҲϣΪ˷֦ͷԸ⼷ԴŮӡ

л쳾ʽҷƵСʽׯضʢ
ʦδ⣬еʿȫˡڵĳҲ׷׳أ

ԳΪ׵ĳǣꡣ
ȾŵһڵĻʯ

ǱѾٹ֮£ȫɼѡʮ⡣
˶׼˺ȻǸ־ܾ
۷Ź⡣

վڸ̨ϣܳߵĴ͸˵
һƬ
Ȿ£̰

ҪգȻʢᣬ׼൤ҩݡȸ
ÿСݵʱ򣬾ͻ̻ͶУñʰ

ȻˣǲֻһЦ
ԵüΪ֡Ҳûֹ񣬲뿪

ҵõλãһʱȥЩ
л쳾̨¿һǳº͵⡢ĵƻŻƾõλãĸ

Ϊַ죬սķᡣ
ܲڷһĸȻ˾ϡ

̫࣬ûд﷨ǾͽӢϡ
ӢЦóΣȴûֹӲֹԼϲ¡

ɢ䣬̻ĸУƾҲ̲ס¶˸Ц
̫ˡá
ʲôֹ࣡ΪǷһ긣Ƿҵı꣡

˸ҲЪš
Աˮֻꡣÿʢ֮ʱͻ½ɰĽɰȪˮƮѸٳ䣬ͷ

Żƾȥǽɰƾü˵⡭е㶪˰ɣ
᣿üԻĴӣɰȻҲմ˸˵ġҪȫȥңÿ϶մһմл֮ռ⡢˵ͷ

һƺûôӹ
ߵļ궼ȥ̽ɰ

üɨһۣ̾
㣬ǿʶ

һֱȵ֮󣬵
ڿʼͿͣл쳾ԽϧӳƵ͵ɽ¡ȻҲС

ҿһӢǻ⽣أǻ˾أ
̵˾࣬ջпΡ
˷˸ۡʲôʱϹѧãѧõųı߿֪˰ɣ

ȻӢҲûʣֻһֶŮӣҪ鷳˳һˡ
һæ˲ؿ·֮¡

ӢͷŻ֣󽻴һŴŻƾ鴫ͷ뿪ڡ
תͷݱл쳾һɽš

л쳾վɽ£ºעıӰδ˵ʲô
һһ·
ȻġС¡ֵü˶ôͷ

ʼǰУʼսƷ
̫รһЩӢˣһЩһ·

ɢС
ɰǺݺݵһú⡪ڲţЩüǮ

﷨áһ֡
һü壬ȴժҵȥ㡭㲻ãӦڸҪĵط¹˵ջ𣿡

˺㡣
ĵطʲôطЩСȫװãһѽɰ̵صͷɰˣôδ

һߣл쳾âɣ㲻ϲαػ̰ͼЩС
һЦ̫鷳¹򡣡

ãЦƽˣǻúܣ
˵ѽЦսһ˲䣬ˮѩƺɢһ˵ħȡ

һ׵ëը
㣬˳ڡ
Ҫʲôֵס

ֹŹֵаʧˣЦصҶǲͬЩ
˵Ļе޺ޡҪǿ̫Сﵱˡ

˻£ֿʼɰɰܶ࣬ǿʼ㣺Ӧܴһ֧ܲĲҡˡϧǰλͼֽûˡ
һΪ㻭һš

ϲôСͻλ
ѾСˡǿȻ

ǣСˡͣ˳ȡһ͵
˳˰ΣȻɫ䣺㶼˳ˡ

㡭ǿŵáԼ֮ͬ


Ͼ
լû˵ҡ
мĸĵƦҲˡ

еֶڴ֮ǰȥ
µֳˡ
ܼⲻˣ֮ǰ⻧⣬־û

ηŵĸ֣ǼСһ֡
Ҫҵض㹻ȥ
ûǿĸ֣Σ

ȻһǺ¶˾ġ
ӣҲû˿ء

һջص˾࣬˵˴¡
ͬΪһԻ
ָָԼıӣң

Ȼ㡣һü㲻ڰ𣿡
ŶŶعæһš
ˡ

һ·ţΪҪ
ſڵƥߴ󣬻ѩס֮ϲڻƼңҰܡ
紵õʱˡ

ϣתͷһɫҲ
ֻͬһ

Һȷʵ񿥣ͬҲ
գȥ

װȣӺ󵹡
ʵ̲סֻû˫һ£Լ䡣
ֿ˻

ȷʵСˣʮֵ
ǣѾϲ

˰§Լں󱳡
˰Բ졪Ů壬Ȼ˽ǴΪͬ
ˡ᲻

ɳۣһ·ǣһ籮
Ȼ֮ء

ط֡ˮͺضϺõġ
šüпԳأ

һס֡ŵһ˵Ƿ
ĿԶԼ۾

˷ֶҹأȷ⣿Žɡ
һȴΪ϶ɡ

ץһд˴꣬Ļ¾õˡ
ƶôһ˲䣬һλң㡣

һ˵ˣ¿ɶ
ȴʣһ׼ظΡһƬˣ

ҡһ
˿ǣһſҵķء

⡢⡭Ȼзأ𾪡
һüգȴǳңµӡ

ϲϴϲͻȻʣƬǷԲ⣿
˳ĬΣεɡ

޸㣬ԭسףһѱסҪתȦȦ
֣㡭㣬㻹˫֡˼֡





83.     صɱ˸

ڰʮ£ѧ

͢󹺿֡
Ҷ֪¡

, ϢΪף඼
ƻ֮ʵϲ̨档

ĳԪ, ˾֮ԻҵƼңΪһֱھĴҵƼҲ½С
ĻƼ, ѽȡ

Ҳ˵Ϯ˵ˡ
㲻, ҲǸ̰ͼ֮ˡ

ϥ¶Ůѹƣͷʲô֣ҲԣҲ
ѾĻ, ݺȥ, ּҲأ

, ĻƼңڳ͢Ŀ֮С
˾ȻҲûǰɲ, ݷû

ԭĴֵ˾ͻȻû˶
Եⶼ೤һֻ۾, εضס˵һ

⿹, ȻѸ, ϾǱʴ
һɽ, ͢϶ٲ˵, ոڿഫ

˫յ£۲ʦʵܶࡣ
ǣϢүȻģҪ͢ΡʦȻҲͲðȻȥ⡣

ΪʦǵϢңĻл·
˵, ζʦкôֲعصĶȷʵǺȺ֮ϢүӵľҲͬ

һأһϧؽϸ⡣
һȻССһĸ֣ĸҪ֣Ҳû㹻

ԭƻȷʵҲſЧ
Ȼ͢ǱͻȻû˶

һﲻĴݷңֵ£ѾüĿ
ЩĻš

ǣ˰йĶҥԣ󺵣ûµ֣ʳա˴ԣƹٸΪն롣

ĸ֮ʱ˵ĿⶼͶ˳͢
һĲģð͢ʩѹ

ͼ˾Э
ɼѹأһɰ

˺ʦѾδ٣͢ٹҲ׷׽ԡѹ޴󣬵Ҳߴ١
һ峿͹ȥ

һ鷿ոλัλټཻյĹ
ʱġ

ѳʳһԵСϣһѾٿܡ
ĳʳͦθڡ
˾õĳǸ

ӣðСϡ˫ģҸհõģ쳢
һЮһ裬ŽСպպ
һڴؿŽ

ͦõģһﲻ鲻ԸӦһ䣬ȻȴӣЮһڣź飬ҧһڴ㣬ʮˬڡ

һ̧ͷʣԹˣ
ϲѽǻˣʮˣһôʣߡ

һԣеھΡʵʮ䣬һֱ˵ûԾ³ԣࡣ
ŲӹȻԶһ𶯿ꡣ

ö࣬Ҳԡ
һ﷢֣ͬʳȻҲᡣʣǰнĸֽ𣿡

˵ŶŶ˽ˡѾˡ˵¸ôִˣ
ʵ⣬һҲ޷ֻǴ±ϾͬСɣЦ䡣

ͷһ̧ͷ
ձ㲻ͬһױ羫£ֻխȹ߸˸٣زһ֧Ρ

ǷǽΣʮؾûбΡ
磬һŮ֮Уʵʮءһϸ룬ֻƺȷʵûʲôΡ

ʣǺŵֶŮΪð𣿡
һ㶣ðŻعЦ̸ÿ궼ΪҽԺѧ𰡡ǲ֪һжĸһЩ㻨Ǯһ˱ĵط

һһֱͷϿĿ⣬һǸΡ
Ҳʵʵ˵Ϊ˳ŴġҪһζûеĻ˸˵̸ĸ̱ˡ

㡭㻨Ǯ˺δһʡ
ôӲͷƤڵҰŵΣʵ޳ġȻƽۣĸȴѵġټϵ⡢˹ֹ׬Ǯĸ֣һԡҾȻҲô

һ˵ͷˣ벻ͬǰ㡣
̹ʣǳԾ㡭չȥһ̽ҵǸ𣿡

ߣ˼Էٲˡ
Ҳͬƽϣ극꣬Լ뿪

գȸ˾
ټԼҼ͵͵ػһͼ壬Լƽصʲô
ҪǰæҲϴǾܾ

ټʵǰ಻ס棬͵͵һͼ塣
ֻǾȻһ֧ҡ

ҡ
ټǷѽ⡣

ϣ͹
鷿ȴûˡ

ʳз£ҪߣȻ鰸һѩɫ˿һ֧ҡ
ҡϸջ֮£ʣԡ

⣡
߹ȥأð૵ֱǿ鱾
˰죬ڻǼǸҡޱ߱Ȼ

ͻȻиͷС¹ײ͸ҵ𣿡ҿˣ϶͸ҵģ
ǣδҲ̫ˡ
ԥԥȥ䲻Ų

һ
ѸٽҡŻԭλһ￴һɨһ۲ҡʣ㲻ϲ

ϲʵ
һʣϲã
ðƤⲻҪãͻ

˵꣬һץ֧ҡһˡ
СߣʳУó˼ڣϿտҲѩ񣬲֪ΪΣ¶˸Ц

ҡһ·ܻѧᡣ
ڴϣ˸󽫲ҡϣǻƽ΢ȴһƬ

Ѯɹ׵ĸ˿ɹղֵ֡
Իԣ֮͡׵ӣˡ

ϢҲͬᣬߡ
ɹΪ͢˿֡

ҵһ˳š
˭֪ӳɹİնɹ˴󺵣Ǿζŵε»ֱϢүӡ

ײܳɹ
⼸ʦĹʶ

͵͵ҥƵɣ͢ǹֵӱ̰û
Ӷũ˵һӣһơ

ûũôȥġ
˵һ˽Žɣ֡

ܹζ֮ˣһֱŬ塣
ЩƶɢͻȻšһǿڿƵȷдţֵš

ǳ͢Ųѹڻǽ׵ӷȥ
һ֣Ϊûк飬͢Ҫÿũճһũֲס

Ҳ˵ңǴ𶯳ҰҲĿЩǵҥԣûִ
һʱ䣬һ쳣æµ

ũ֮䣬Ȱ˵ЩڹԸֵũ
ΪһЩ˲Э

ˣϾû¶ɵģһʧˣⲨ˿ɾͽǳ׵ˡ
һҼƣֻ͢Ҳ޿κΡ

ǣ͢˵ƤʼҲֻһ֡
֮󣬵һ׳졣

Ǹߣȴһ
ѳԵҪ

ǳʲ˵˼ңƽ˹ȥɤӡ
ջôȻŭ£ñͶԵЯ˽ЮԹ֮˸˷ˡƲ

һʱ֮䣬η·˸ƭӣ˺
һҲû취˭Ҳȥյ졣

ۿԹڣֻȥѧᡣ
ô꣬һ״Ѱһ

׼һ￴һƬ
ԺÿѧӶԼһһѧӵѧơ˰һ飬ûҵ

ʱпѧĹһڣæݵˡ
һһʣѧӵﶼڴ˵𣿡
شˣǡǹ첻̧ͷ

һ˫ֱڱ󣬺ð죬ƺһˡ
١һˣǹһͷˮ˵

һüŲиֶŮҲһֱڴѧô
ôһʣСʱͷ£ش󡢴ˡѧҲСԺཫ仮ֵ˱𴦡

Ŷ⻰˵£ʣδҹȥ
С֪Ϊʮ֮󣬼ͻȻʴ¡սսشŵһȥ

һע̨ԱߵɳأԱȷʵһѧƣдŻ֡
ɼʹ֣ҲܿóطֻǷ̨ףʲô

ԱСæ͵ˣǺŵֶŮӲأ˼ݣһֱ䳤ʮꡣĲݣû˴ʲôˣ

ǲ١˶ǿɳ˵˾䡣
СԣԺҲûط룬ѧﱾ˷ѣ˭أǰɣ

㣡
ԼΪƽ

ߣѲݲˣժˡȲԸ㲻Ϊˡ
ǣСһҾء

죬ɳĲݾͱ˸ɸɾ
û㣬Ҳˡ
ϧĹʮ꣬ȻѧҲߣ㣬Ҳϡ

ϣ˶ֲ
ʮûӵ˾࣬ͻȻġˡ

ֵҹĴžһ֣ȻоȻһֻ뱥Ļӣ
ô£

鷿ڷĹĵļҲͬ⣡
Ϊʮûó棬ѾϰʢҲߡûбʲô֮
ɽҹеӶԼƵģȫ˶

͡ɿˣ
˯ҹڴ̲סˣ׷ȶ

˾ΪԺľׯࡣ
ǰҲóšǸʱ򣬴׼õߵҩҲõġ

ˣʮûӣͻȻһӿ˭˯ţ
λ˺ѧҲ˸ߵͣһּƫƫԭɡ

徻ʮ꣬ôͻȻóŰˣ
鷿˿ֱϵӣҲ˳˼

ڶ죬緹ʱȻһޡ
е룬µʣ£

һʳϣŭĸ˳Ա˳ŵģҵѧ
˵ͷĬĬذʳУǿ򶨣ѧǺþòȥˣ

ҲȥҶһǸũĹҲ˵Ҫ֪˭ôּҶ֣

ȣһһ࣬ȷʵɺޡѧֻӲ𣿡
ӲݣҧгݣҪûӲݣ˯ôİȾԱ˾ʹӣ÷εĶѵ֪ʦԣصɱ˸ĸ

⣬Ĳ֪
ȥϸȷȷʵ֣

ȵȡͻȻӦŵһԹʣ֪ѧӡݡ
µصҲֻ˵˵

䣬ûܣ
ƽһпĳ嶯

ڡһ𶥴ͣ׷ҪƤ
˾࣬˶ԼҼһŮ׷·ţ̻Ȼɥ֮Ȯ

ܲûԸرͶһǷɸʹڵء
˫Ŀͨ죬һͷŭʨϵһ죬Σ쵰ҲѧȻȭ˼һèۡ





84.  Բ   ֪˵

ڰʮ£Բ

Ѽˡ
֮, šŵһĶ䣬һ·ǿ鱻ѧߡѧָԭ״

˽Ծ
һﲻֹ˾ǻʵʦĵӡ
Ȼ˹, Ҳܱ氡
磬ĸ»λҴҸ, ͼλ

ɵλԼҼһè, ڴǿǻѧ
óͷٵĻʲô
һʱ֮䣬ƼΪ׾

ǷһѧЩʯڶ, Щķϡ
ٵñࡣ

λۺ᣺˾ܿˣЩװ, , Զٵء

˱߽ӡʹļף޲֮
һĪػ˶һ, øͷ

ס
Ƭ֮λͼһ, ͬٵء


, ǰ˾໹Ϊƽ
, ǰġӲݡ, ֮, ó潥
˾ڵ˯һȾӴˣҲûΪһԩ

¶󣬻ûһȻÿһЩµĳʳ
һҲǺޣյȫաǳ˼ܵС, ˵ͺñͺˡٿ˵Ĺϵ಻ͬ

ֵԾǵءȻαϾǲЩڦáȻҲӰ졣
ڻ⡪ǵΣʲô£

ÿ˾࣬Ŀֵ㡣
һ죬˾һλ֮͡

л쳾á
˶֡

һʵ淲
л쳾̤Ͼ
ǰβ˲ɷѽ⣿

һｫл쳾ԣһǰº͡
ڻ͵Ļһ꣬һֱΪһæµССͣϵʵ֮

˵ÿһϴЦȴʣлˡлһ쳾ιҲֻǵҪ¼ɣ

л쳾һǿ˿ںͳ͢һ򲻶ԸҲһ䵭ǰҲΪһ΢⡣

˵꣬һʩ﷨еļľѾƾճڻ֮С
л쳾ǮȴܰȿࡣĪҪƴǡ

ִһӣֻ룬Ȼǽש
Ʋţ˾໨ޣ͢٣ǻǮĵط

ԥл˵˾ѧҪ̽һ֪ɷһ
֣Ǵ˼ʹ

һľ䣬ҲĿտտ
ôлǾʶ𣿡ЦЦ

л쳾ת䣬ȴĵʵʮǰ밢ɲйһ֮Ե֪ȥ⽣ڣҲȥ̽˵ҲƵϾʶˡ

ʮǰҲ˵̥Ǿʶˣ
λƤЦⲻЦлѱʲôˣΪ̧ܼ˾ѧӣ

˵꣬һ䣬ˡ¡ˣȻҲ
л쳾ü΢壬룬һﾹȻĻֻܵᡣֻǡ

ЦԺ⣬ܴ˾ѧ˾뻤ȫⱻ˴ѡ
ˡ֣˵ն

лϾҲͷܱ
վ£ᡣǱ룬ˡ
˵꣬ת뿪

˼͵ǰ뿪ŻԸ»ЩǮƣͻڡ
»˹һ֮ҲĶһ򸻵͡л쳾ִС˵ףҲΪհ

ǣȻͻȥ
Ҳ֪ĸԡƽ𶼲ˡั

ȻȻСл
л˱ڣȴҲһ¡˵ףһﲻʮ꣬˭ƽϣ

л쳾̹Ȼݷ⽣ڡ
ϧ򸾶ܶࡣ

Ӣлݹ٣ҵȲԶӭʧˡ
л쳾ȾЩԽԲڣ£η̫ˡǰһ̽šηˣ⣬ҲЩСϽá

ᵽͻƾ
ϧӢҲϳ֮ˣȻɡ

л쳾ȻԴ﷨ȡΪϸģ˵ϽãȴҲΪδ⡢壱Щ鵤
ӢЩӹл

лº͵ϴڼֻһʡֻϧϾѧ׼
⻰ͼ¶ʮˡ

ӢȻϲԣֻЦɲʮʱ䳤˽һۿžʹˡ漸ӣлʢ顣
л㵽ΪֹҲٶ˵

֮£л쳾ʵˣ£Ѿ֡
ϧҲ޵ǡ
ҲǶ֮ˣл쳾˼˽˸߰˰ˣֻӰ˵˵Щл

Ӣ˵ֻϧڴϣ⼸£
л쳾ЦҲǵĸ֮

ŶӢȥ
л쳾ºģ֮£𶯳ҰҲǰ֮в鿴ߣֲˮԴǰиɿڣض˴ڻһڻ۲ٸߣҲΪϡȱ֮

һһʱ׾㲻ܺӰ죬Ҳؼ۸ǡƶֻ̼̾
Ӣɫ΢䣬л쳾ֲֻʣ˶ڻ档۲ʣ衣֮꣬Ծ

һֽ¶Ķԣϣˡɱ˵ģġ
Ӣγѣֻν̾˸ҲҲԴˡϣ֮꣬һ

ϧʡڡڶࡣȻԲԲԲͨͨ͸ߡ١
л쳾΢΢ͷ˵ǡ˲Ļ壬һŶ֮ġŻ֪ΪΪʵʿ

ʱĻ塢Բͨ͸Ļڵһķ
Ƭʵ֣
⣬Ҫ֪һôһƬԼף
ʧߣ

ӣƵȻʮá
ڶ׵Ҳܿջ

ؼȥͬѲԼʿĽԵʮ⡣
Աе軧ڳݣºͣ㲻׳ӣСʣ涼ڴ˵ڡզϸһ¿ڸУ

һʱŭĿڸУǾǲҲ֪׹֪ĸֻ˶ֿտաһףӸڸУ֪˵Σ




85.     ΣĴȸ

ڰʮ£Զ

ۿ׵ս, սš
ŲΪЭǿ־塣

һգϢҡ
Ϣү, Ŀ䡣
ԱſһЩеźҡ

һ, Ϣ֮Ϊ
ϵ޲ϢүӱϢ

ⶫǶˡϢүָָϵ, ֻǵͷ׵ĸ֣ûСּӣÿ˶о

ϢүĿ, ϷҲˡ˵, һ, ˶һ衣ѣˮҲޡ
, ȴá

˵ĿҶʸ׳ϣɫࡣ
ϢүӲ, εΪ, μΣ

ɳϼɳԭȶǿ, Է, Ǵ
ô˵, ΧҲ˷ԡ

һλϢǵ˲ɢңš
⻰һְĿͶϢүӡ

ϢүӳΣڣƼһλϵ˵ڵһķ֮ǻչܡ
ʮİ, Ҳûʲôͷ

λƼϵͷλǻ֮Ů
˵˲֪˵Щȴٶ˵ˡ

ϢүӵСŮϢ˼Ҫ¼޻ƼҵһСӡ
ϢΪ𣬵ϢҲ֧ڡ⣬ǻƼҡϡɳϵȵȡǻƼ֧ڵѪϢүűҲˡ

ɻСӣɲǻƼҰ˸ӴŵһԶڡ
ϢүӲȻŭԭΪ¾ܳɡ˭֪ϢȴϢ˼šżףŮһд롣

ϢԼ޸֮Ϣұ㽫޳ףδϡ
¹ȥ꣬ȻϾ䶯һʱҲǵá

ٿϢүӣˮλƼҵϼʮǰдˣ
һϢүӣ˵˸

һݣͬʱϢүӡ
¶ʵڹ죬Ҳ˻ָʹ

Ϣүϲϲŭ˵
ǻϵϧ򸾱㽫ƾͬĸһͬӻ⽣ڡӴˣþںϧϥ¡ǰЩ꣬ȥ˾Ժѧ

Ժᵽط˶һġ
˾Ժʲôõط

ȻϢүۣ
ɲ𣿡ǻæѧ꣬˵ֺУҵҲɾ͡ϧ֮֮ܡ

ϢүӳϢ̲סʣΪλף
ǻϵϴΣҵҪũز⡣ԭҲûؿǵһԼķ˳ҵȾ෽ǴŮһЩ֡

ϢүĿŮ˾ѧ͢òֻ֡Լͷ¶β˸ëѾͷ¡ǿЦ

˭˵ء˾ǸС˰ˡ˷׷׸͡
ԱϢȴףλ峤ϡȥ˾õĸ֣Ҳٿ

۾һϢүӡΪѵֻϾϢүӵŮҵ˼ɣȻҪʾϢҡ

ϢүһϷ˵ϷûŮֺʲôŮ
ǱðˡС񣬿Ůýš
ӶЦΨϢүתϲŭԡ

⽣ڡ
ϧյһ⼱ţչһʱס
ԱߣӢˣʣôˣ

ơƻ˵֣ԽżĵС
ӢһۣˣΣðŮȥ̽

򸾶˶һۣϧ˵֡£ֻֻֻ硢ˡ
Ӣŭ͸һֱĲӣ

ŵΪΪ֮֮
ϴɿ죬Ӣֻ˵Ҳȫ㣬ޣôˣ񲻱ǲ꣬Ž

˵ǽ㡢áõûȥ񡢷á顢۲Т
Ӣβף

˵ĸŮ˻һɲ򡣡
ӦӦáŵͷ
ǣӢдһţԶϾĻ

ʱ˾ࡣ
ʳװãᵽһ鷿

һʼŴʳУꡣ궼ϰһͬԷ
»ʱ򣬼Ϊӡ

еΡ
ัæ˵źͬ˷ţ⽣һˡ

⽣ڣ΢
»ȡż˫ֳϡԱȻ㹧ǡˣʱͬˡ

ӹţԽԽࡣ
һʣʲô£
˵̸ĸţ˵ҸײΣٻؽڣͬһɲ̽

㸸ײΣһﲢ֪Ϊˣʱд£ȷӦù̽
ΣһʣΪģ

ΪģЦ϶ôҶֽкá
»ʱͷһüʣΪΣ
һ»ั᣺¹иǡ

ัʶȤ뿪һ˷š.
ŵһ￴ϰ죬ͻȻ¿ӣʼĶС
һ׮׮һ֮Ҳš

һֱƾܵ˺ָ䱭յһɼƬ
һ·ϧ򸾵Ĵȣ˵֮ͣһӡ

Ӧ˵ЩŮ˶Ӧᡣ
׵ĶУ˵֮ɻٵȴŮס
Ц⡢ӶģҲֻܾкŮ
¶Ц

ǰЩҲ˵΢ܾãиˣǽ֪ˣֻ¶ɣһ¼ɡҺͽŬҲսһɡҲʲôˡ

˵һͷԷ
Ӧһʱ֮׼롣Ͼ̫СˣԼĻ

ȻһＸڳԹվ˵˾䣺˾࣬ȥһɲ򡣡
ȥɲ򣿡̫ʴȣȥ

˵ŻҪţʧЦһȡ
һͷʣûпǹ𣿡

⻰ʵüΪ档
һüʣʲô⡪
һδڣ͵ǰ촽ա

׻ڹȫ⽹ۡë
Ĵߣʣ㿼ǹ𣿴ӴԺû˿κɽҴߡߣԶԶ

һֻ̣飬ȫ
ΪΪҪߣ͵ƫͷܿҲƵŶȥ
һֱɱ˾ſڣŷԼ޹ġ
Զ

󣬻Цһ
С㶼ʶúóԷɣ׳һ㡣ġ壬Ҷܲס

ͷʰ꣬죬ԼɲǡΣĴȸ

һΣ˭ָʹһأ
װĸ״ˡ




86.  Т   ĪһƬТ

ڰʮ£Т

ɲ
ʮǰϮ, ֮һֱಡ
Ҵܴƽʱôš

Ƽҵļ, ·ģ߶ˡ
ʮ, ƼҲлٳ֣Ըܡ
Ļ, ʦû˵¡

Ȼеõġ
Ϣɷ򣬻ĸס
ϧһҲΪ˼ݡ

, Ƽҵ, Զ
λ, γ裬Ƕǰģ, аֺĹʣ

峤𽵹һСС, ʵܳЦ, 
ȻҲջ, Ǹĩ֧, ֧ĻƼѪԵԶ

ΪӭȢϢ, Ҳ߿һۡ

Ϣүӵľִ⽫Ϣ׳δϢմʲôôټϢ֮ܿ͹̬ȷһ潼ӭ˳ӡ

Ǹǲġ

峤ʯԹ, Ȼܳ
ɻʯҲͬϻֻǵŮϾʲô£㲻᲻֪ɣ

ϥСҲǺ˵峤õģǳѾͷô˵ҲҵŮǰǺϧ򸾶£αܽٳƼҰ벽

ʯˣ˴£ҪٸʲôҲ޿ˡ
ش˸
ǣΣļţһһ⣬ֱߴϢĸŮ˷ɲ

⽣ڣϢЩѾŴһСũ
ĸ٣Ӣѵı仯ȴϲޱȡ

ϢϾϢүӵĵŮ֣Ҳó֡
ôһСĸ֣Ѿ㹻άͻƾơ

ӢһյʮţǴߴϢŮػƼҡ
̾˿ҲֻͬϢ

ʱϢڵд֡
Ӣŵݸһһչȫ

οߵüֻ֮½˷顣
Ϣð˵ǲػȥһȥͺá

㣿Ӣֹѵ𣿻ǸСˡǻƼһѡ㻹вŲٷų˵㲡СҺϧǻȥһ۱̷ء

ⷬ㣬νϸ
ϢȴŹǵġ˵⻰̧ͷӢЦЦңôðٻȥЦТأ

Ӣ̾һҲΪѵ¡
ƾǱߣӢἰ

Ϣ³һӲˡ
ϧһȻɫ˫ĿϧҲġ

Ӣϲȷʢɵ벻þҲա
ϢǳǳһЦ꣬Һͺһֱͷȫչˡһֱв

˵ϧڰ֣ؼ⣡
Ϣ˵ǣҳԷ

Ӣ˵ϧû⺢Ӧյˡֻ˾Ǳ߻Ҫ١
Ϣȴ⣬޷úþˡزҲһġ

⻰еȻӢԼϢЦ⺢ӣСԡǰƢãҲԲסǽáÿÿҺͿ裬ֻš԰ġ

һ˵Сʱ£ϧӵͯ꣬ûжٿֵĵط
Ҳͽ

ӢҲܾοˡ
ǲ˵Լڿˣ

˵ӾҪƢǰպҲ˳ܡ۸
ϢһԵĻƾЮһӲˣ˵ŽãÿҲ˲١

ƾĬĬԷǲ˵
ʱ£Ϊ˸ĸ֮˵һ¡Ψ̫пᡣ

δ⡢ֵŻƾһû˵衣
ͬԷҲ
һͷҵڡ

գӢԾɸϧӦ¡
һ磬ƾͻȻ˵ĸײˡ
ӢüĪȥ˵æѰҡ

ɲ
УʱʢģȴԴú֮һֱúܡһѾƣǳơ

ƣɾƵײɲݵζѵʱ
пƣصءšһ

ͻȻ˵ү˻ˣ
ˣƺˣһ˫۾ﶼơǸˡ૵𣿡

ȴүֻһˣλ
Ц

һӰһϢŲỺ˶
ʮ겻ѲǼеģ

Ҳһ㶡ǰϢԲЩݹᾣԭٵ鶯ֳ
Ϊʮ꣬Ҳǰһħ˫Ŀʵһλ

Ϣ֪ΪΣȴŭͷ
ˣֺޣЩ㵽Ұ˼úܲɣ

߹ȥקϢͷ
һ̣к޶ܻû˺ǰŮ˵ͷװģ

Ϣ֪
ǰˣҲ˵ԼΪλƻĻƼݡ¶࣬צĺӡ

ҪսһͨĳҲûٲͬ
ϢϾһϢ֮ϢֽסһذסֻҪڳ˵ģͰӴԺ޺֮ǡ

ԼôûоΪĸ֮
ʱ˿̣֪⣬ѵҪԼۿ

ǰĻ˵ǰҪһȹ
ʱϢϺһ

ܿ죬סƼҵļҶȻ˼ٰģ
ȻɱӣһۿϢĵʱŭգϢʮǶ⡣ϢúպףǸѪע

Ҷ֧ͣϢԱ˵ˣ˴Ŀģƭػ
Ϣ̧ͷֱԼĶ䣺㾹ȻͬˣҪŮ

ЦˣʱӵŮˣˣС֣ܵñ˭죡ʱôûҵŮ

Ϣ䣺޳
޳ܣˣס⽣ڣӢһ㲻޳ܣǺϧ˾ӣҲǸһĵ

ϢҲȥס죡ס죡
ȻƺģϢԽʹ࣬Խʹ졣

ʱǳЦӴү֣
һ˲롣

ɫٷϵ̤ɫѥޡ»ͱ䣬»˹Ŀ㣬б𵶣
̧ͷȥüʲôˣ

ſϲ˲ѥ࣬ŵ˾һү
һԱţ˶

ʣ˾Ĺү£
һﻺڣ۽ɨڵϵϢϲ䣬Цԭү֪е£ŵһТŮǰգ˾˾ѧӻײΣļ٣ҹѰ󵽱ǰλү

ʲʲôһͷˮ
һ̾һТӡֻýӻү뾩ҽΪүβˡ

ˣȻɫ㡢Ҫץߣ
ô˵ץأһ̧֣˸ߵƣǱΪǧТУصؽүϾﲡ
һꡣ

㡢ңˣȻѾǰ䱾ĸߴǽ׳߳ҶΰѹϢɴŭ

ˣǼСһţһҶߵùԶѪ
Ҷ״Ļϣɷ׷׶ܡ

Ϣŵɣձòӣȴûпޡô꣬ᶼˡ
ҪͻȻߣһֻ

Ϣ̧ͷȥֻǰˣǸʮꡣ
ϣ̴

ֻ롢㣬ɸɾİ
ԥƬ̣ȴѾסվ

һ˫պףѾ߳Ѫ顣ԻͳҩһԲס
ڵǸ

Ϣ̧ͷϾһֱܹ㡣
ܵŹ裬Ϣûпޡ仰Ȼ档

˽΢ЦԻصүɡĪҪŮһƬТš
ȥ
ΡΡغ峤ȡȾҡ




87.     ٸ㱫үһ

ڰʮ£

Ͼ
ڵһķء
һҪһ, ȥˡ

׵ӳڼΪ˽˵ңܴ⡣
Ϸ, ͢Ҳ˹ٱѲ顣Ͼпĵط

ڴʱ, æʩһϵĵ軧ͻȻŻˣŻˣ
һȻ, Ĳ

ǰʼỤ̃ΪǴ죬⵹رۡ
ѭܹȥһ, Ѿӽ׸˻ʢĵׯڵ, ﻹͩ, Ƽ˲ӿ

ʱһȺ
ϢүӽŨ֮, Įȥɣʰ

˵, ƺֻǽһ΢С¡
ǡ󼸸¡ߵɱͬ

Ϣү, ֵŪòЩ
һ, ĳϢü״, ϾǰŮǷ񡭡
ϢүĮȻϷĺ, ΩˣˡӴԺ󣬱˸Ϊ¡

ϢĬƬֻ̣ûԸһɱ֣ȥɡ
˱ˡ

ߣһõ軧ȻһΧ
֮, й֮ȡˮǲ㡣ΪѣͻȻŻһˮ

ˮ𣬺ܿ콫罽һ㲻ʣ
ֻüһС顣

׵壬Ȼ˸͸
ǳˮӦǼ֪ǸӦ绹Ǹ£̱˴ˮ


뵽Ǹˣǲ¶һ˿Ц
һ뵽ˡ

ʱǰ֮£ϴһ
֮ͬ˹ֱӵж


ӻһϴ͸Ρķڵϡ
Ҫһչ֣һˣ󱳺ײһš

ȫǵһһ㺰
ʱ˿̣վȴǵһ
л졭лɡ

ܲ
Σ֮ǰ

ʱˮˢһʪ͸ͷ˿µˮ
л쳾һ£ˮǲԼͬرܿһƮƮɣ˳Ⱦɾš

󡣡µһ仰Ľһһڴ̿ĸӦս
ţ컨塣

һϻûУɢӡ
ǵһɻǸо˺Ϊࡣ

л쳾⣬նɱˣˡ
̿ţһ٣ȫˡ
Ϣүһûйսͷߡ

ĨĨϵˮ飬лȡ
л쳾Ŀһתʱ𿪣õȻҲ׻
СǺǡȴ񣬵л֪ڴ˵أ

л쳾ĿϿʱˮɢһʺ硣
վڲʺ֮£ͬ˼Ů

л쳾Դ﷨ȡһݵϣҴҵԸ¡
£

ӹͷһл쳾Ѿ뿪
ʲôǹŹ֡

ͷ˻סűˮʪȹϣ͸ءƫյĹɫʮޡ
ң⣡

Բ˫ۣ˰죬Żл쳾͵ķȹɡ
ۣӽԺŮһƣ£뱣ҲҪǰǰˡ
ˡ

Ч⣬С
лѾгԶǰ˲Ӱ
һ˫۾ˮط·ܿ

ˮʪ龰ǲܻ롣
л΢ȹҰС䲻һлԽ


ɲ
һｫү˾࣬ĵΪβۡүο޺ȣԲĲۻǰ

ʲôβǾɱңɱҰҽСֱ
򣬸ߴ˶𵶣һԲ

ǻٽˡ
ǰɷǣɱϼٸˣһ˫Ŀ

һｫϢһҪ̡
ͻȻ̧ͷʢ֮ʣƣ𡣶ǰһҶƬϣһ̵ֻŬš

֪ΪʲôһܾĪϤ
֣һӣһ˾ࡣ

ΧۼŲˣûһ˿ڡ
Ƽҵ峤ʯĸһ
ͣ͢ƼҲϢǰ㲻ȡ
ֻؿһŻ뿪

ϣһȹѧˣѧһʮؾĹء
ǲȹҲűش󷽣Բε֡

³˼Сˡ
·ʱ䣬˸ʢãѾˡٺ١

˾Щˣƺɫ
Ҷϰͨ籨ţһģʲôû˵ֺʲô˵ˡ
ڲС

Ҳ飬УҲոյá
Цˡ

ʳУᳵ·һ鷿
ЩȣһϵĹٷȴ۵ʵʵɨһۣ˵ÿնôҲûšԷˡ

һ߶˾ۺʱ¹롣
һﵹǿѵ㣬һ뵽ʵĹءˣѲҲû

һС˼Թ԰ںꡣ
ҵҪʻ£Ȼտ˸ͷһۿи̵ĳӡ

󡭡ӣǳ˸۶СۣΪ졣
ܲ
ģֱš

һﵭȥ˻Ƽң죬ʹˡ
ߵǰֱ˫һ

ţ̧ͷ
ָԼʣ㿴𣿡

Īʲô
Ƿѽ⣺ҾͲˣҶôῴһġɥж಻ۣ

һӱȽԶ㲻ǰŮ˵˼ӣʼԷ
ٿԽԽ

ΪʮķˣȻһӶ磡
ֽ̧˵ȫ˵ϣŵǰʲôԣι㲻ι棡ߣ
˵꣬ǷҲԣһ˦ˡ
һ˫ӣǰտҲ

һߣϢͻߵЩ
ϢһλصϾǰɾǶǣܣϲӡ

ϢҾϾδ֮ǰҲĴ档
벻Ժٹǲ׺ɣ

ʱǰͣ¡
ϢǼһߴ׳׳һһţɪɪϢúһſ壬Ǵ᲻Ǳģǻ

ʱʮ־֣ȻһϢŭı׷ˮ
ҪǺһȭϡ

ں˵һ仰
׳ѻڵϣٸ㱫үһ

Ŷӣɫףҡͷ
׳૵ӿǹƨĥתȦˡ

˵꣬Ѵ֮˾ࡣ
Ϣŵֵ˺ð죬ֱ׳Զ̴֮ͬ£̤˾Ĵš




88.     ⴵţ֮Ȼʤһ

ڰʮ£

ߺߵػصѧ, ԼѧﾹȻһˡ
һǸˡ

ĸףŴ۾Լ㼸ʱˣ
Ϣæ, ˾˽˴Ҳ֪ס

˾ࣿ˲ԭίȥһˣ
ϢһĸŮ, Сûкú˵ԣЩΡ

ʲôЦ, ỹŸ鸴ȼɣ
Ϣһ⻰ʱˣѾͷ˺죡

һͷ, ͷܡ
ϢСʱƾ, ֺ顣Ի, Ҳû¶ٺӡ
ǱȻôһ

СҲûټϢ
Ͼʮ, ÿÿӢдţϧд, ƾд, δ⡢дš
ûһʺϢ

ܳ, ϢҲû׷
˾ε, ڶ޼ҿɹ顣

ۿɫ, ȻԽԽһһкҲ򣬾Ͱ˶Լѧᡣ
Լô˯

ǸģȻû˯ǾʹҶ˯ˣ
˾Ĺᡣ

Ȼֵҹ˼Ҹɫ˭
극ˡ

ֱһסĹ, ԥ̧־š
һ˯ǳ¾ͱ˾䣺˭

Ӳģңš
ʲô취ֻðŴ򿪡
ô㲻˯ʡ

ϻ˯ңûУԹߣԼյ衣
һֻ£˸ǷʣΪ˯ţĸŮôϥ̸𣿡

ʲô֣Ҹûʲô˵ҪԸϥ̸ġ
һ۲ݲݵڼͷֻ˰ɫ¡ڵĳɢһ˿ҹ˼

ĵصǰǸĸ԰ɣ
ĸ⻰Цζӣ˺Щ꣬һҡôǸĸҴСҽģҽ㡣ҴӶ

һסֱֲˡˣϲ衣
Ȼʣûһõĵط

ϵļڽ֮ɫʧˡ˺ܾã˵ҲССʱҸܣͬĸĴ硣׳ЩҴ򲻹һֱԱ壬򡣡

۾ѵõٻ£һ˺öѪĸ׳Ի˵ˣҪɱҵʱַ׺ݣҾͲˡ

һûΪʲôܡ
֮ʡ

һ˺ܾã۾ʱ򣬿ǰиͷɢ˫ͨĹſˣΪԼȥ˵£΢΢𣬡˰죬ŷ

벻㣬Ҳðɵʱ򡣡ʧЦЦЦţȴҲʱ䣬µ䡣
˵ʲô⻰ȴɭ

̵Ҳ˵ðɵ
˭֪͵سȥһס㾹ҽϡ̡㣡

ϣĿ˵
˺󱳽棬Ǹ˷˿䣬׺ݣȻͦСɣ촽á

С㡭Сؾ
ߣ
סԼµڣһġòġġõ㡭
ſڵô˸¡̫ˡ˲óԶ

طſڣʣҵôˣ
㻹ǵ£Ҳؽ׻˾ˡδã
˵ֲ꣬ôϾǻƼҷ֧峤ʯִҪ飬ǽТТ

֣˵ʮζ
㵣ôССͣ¾Բܵ

˲õؾСˡ
ŶŶҲʶȤ˵μҲûãôԲܵ

ŵﹴĶǵ£ˡ
û͵˼ҲʶȤûжʡֻǵڣǻزȥˡǵ£Ҫ𣡡

šЦѵҲеֵˡ˵һֱô
Ҳǡֱ۽Ϊſϣ˸ΣμˡһСһꡣһֱԼúۡӴԺҺҽຣˡ

̤һ꣬СԺעһһǽ罦ѪĿʹľ棬׹һ̫Ҳ̫Ҵֽкãԭ¡ɺ޷紵ɢֻʣ˷Ļ롣

һڣ룬ҿҲûô
ȻˣҲϲ

һ֣ḧͷ˵ֻΰˡڣšĸ͹ˣǱµļ̺󣬹ҲһĻѼǲģ
Ҽǵðһ⻰ˣֽʡ

˽Žɣߣȥ鷿
˽ʢĵ磬һ·һ鷿

ֽ̿˳صĥī
ֻȡīʼĥī

պīʼ
һ﷢֣Ȼ

㡭Ҳô㡣
ĵص㣿Ҳûùʱ򡣺ߣҴҲֻܹµܵܡ

˵ϲ˵٩Լᡣϲ˵һ
Ҳ̸ĿڵðɺðɣҲֻܸʰ·磬ߡ

һⴵţ֮Ȼʤһ
һٺˣƤӡ

һŮͼڱ³͡
һۼԽԽüĿɻ

еŮӣźͷڣͷʱĻ
ӯӯЦòׯһ֮ĸׯ

ֻǡ
ָָУʣΪα˸Ӥ
Ŷ²ؽͣ㰡㲻֪ʱ£ʺ̸ĸ빬ѽΧ㣬һࡣ

һ˵ȴͣ˵ɫˡ
ڵ󣺡˵ҲǺȹ¾ƵˣҲҺȥˣȻĸףǿϼѡ

˶ĵصǻǶлˣ̡
ϱ̡

Σ鷿ﴫһУʲôⲻʶôĹٽһԣ
֮ģص졣
鷿ҲĬĬ뿪һԶ




89.     ⹷ôСôߡ

ڰʮ£

˴һҹ, ȻʺĻȴվǻˡ
һ￴ŻϵŮӣ֪⻭ĸмơ
ǻ˵Ȼʺˡ

Խ, ͹鷿
ԼĽҲοѧ, Ϊ˹һ¡ӡĲû뵽θȻһ¡

ӣһü, Ϊ£㻹źţ
ŭĿ˭أ

һܾ˵ŹŹֹ֡˵͵Ժʮһδʲôӵ
һɣ̾ǿǰˡҲա˵⻭òðɣ

ʵʦ˵, ͷ, , ЩҲһΪ
ôˣ˸, Ȼ¡أǵðĸŪ߰Ҹʵ޻˵

治ԸϢ, ĸ̸ʲô, 붼α
һȥϾ

ü, Ҫ˵, һεһ𡣡˵, ƺʶʲôҲָָǽȻʺĻ˵Ǹл
Ų鲻Ըصðɡ

ѧϢҲֲڡ


ʱǽĺ֮, Ŷʮıǽ
Щǧ㲻ǣִӺδ

ʱ˵Ϣùá
Ϣشţֻһվǰɫٷǰ׾ٷǳĵ

վ󣬱գ߿
һ볯ֵµһ˵ʥϡʮӡ꣬Ϣʼҽףǰձ֣Ӧһùá

ϢعȻ㲻ҶˣȷʵһλüҡҾòϢϵҲʵǿˡ

޷һϣŲ͵ĳأùѵϾһˡһɺã

ϢԶĻԾɲ߿·˶Ի
Ǻãֻǵ¹񡣡ϢһסʵѾܾûͬһ˵ˡǰ꣬ά
Ϣó

һ£ù롣
ϢյϾá
ɫ⡣

ϢһڲӲ֮£о˾ĻשС
ȹؾϵϹҩҲסһҩЧá

߳һ·һͻȻʣ㻹𣿡
Ϣ΢ȴߺߵ˵Ҫܣ
ô˵ȴǸ

һ֪Ϣ˾࣬㽫ŲЩ
ͣͣʵ˾ѧӻ׷Ϸ¶顣
־ȸ˾ʦʾ֭Χ˭
׻˾䳡ϣڴڵ

ף֮ʵƤÿһ͸һڽϷ·ޱȣֱͬһ֡

ңʦؽƸΪǷҲšڴʱոճ˾ԣ˵ĵ

ԣÿ䣬вҲԸ
Ϊ

ϢڼüȺУһ۾Ϳ
ֻһۣƿĿ⡣

Сʱ³
̹¶ǿһۣҲʧ

ӿŲ󣬻ȴͣ
ϣ˱䣬ۡ䶼ˣȻҲѧвһЩӢݵꡣ

ǰΣû
ڵĵӣ˭㲻ݣʦŹ֡

ԣһӣҲû
⸣ûܶãȻһʹ˼Ķߡ

ϣһڲЦֲҡ
䱻ʹĿ߿ֻһŮȹȻյ紩ǣʵ̫ݣҪ˷һ㡣

ϳǸŮ˭ĸס˵ǰҲҹŮһʱ˲ǡ
Щ²ģһֻҪ֣ںʲô鰮

ӴัʲôţǵĲ۲Ŀ⣬ȡЦ
ŭĿСӣү
ǲ۶ʱһĿٿȥŮѾ֦ڵ

Ҳûٿ
ǸŮ̫ˣͷӡ
үô롣

ϢʵѾܶˣԡյ֮£Щùľ£ֹ̳ͣ
ζãմȾ˼ҷ

һӰ׻˾Ĵ̤ȥ
ϢӦúܺЩĵط˳

׻˾֣Ϣô
֣ǰײġ¡ֽʲôġ
󣬿ų࣬ǲ˽Ų

ٽ֣һ߹
ֻΣȥԼȥĵط

ĬĬýŲֵůԡ
̫ã˸Ը١

һϢУʣùǰ𣿡
Ϣͬ˵ȸ˵ڡּˡ

ҳϢңΪϾʱҲĴ档
һ⼸ϾҲ仯ˣǰиӣϾʮҴȥ

̣
΢Ȼһǣ˽ի

ιȻܶ࣬ڿѡˡ
ϲسȥһƬӲӵ鱦αȿֺӳ

͸ˮʯ紺ˮ䡢Ѫһĺ챦ʯ
ڻƽΣʤ

ȫҪûǮ
̫пᣬƤ˶й
֣Ρ

һϢѡΣƹһһţѾӭ
ϢȻΪЩư֮һʢȴҲ۲òУյһߣС˵ҲҪһ

һͬСأ𣿻㡣
ˡ

૵һ䣬¿˿۸һ㬡
ΰΣ˲ߡ
ƾʲôһҪΪ

ߴߴᣬֻؿϢ˼Ρ
һΪˣһ·˽ի

Ĺĵģں棬Сβ͡
һ˵ùȹ̫ˣ

Ϣƴǣ˵ף鲻ǷҲǷˡҪٿףԵ֡
ֻõǵĿʽ֪˶ˡ

һֽһ巻
ɷ

һϢѡȹϢڼ¡
վЩȹǰƣһߡ

һʣô۹֮ߣûһۣ
ҧгݣðŵԼҪģ£
һʧЦТԼùã̲صġ˵꣬ȻҲϲ硭

û˵꣬ͱＷһִϡ



Ϣʣơ
ÿһȹܴصķϡ
֣ʱÿ·ϲ

Ϣһǳɫȹȹǽס֮£ȹ꣬ضá

һǰ΢Цÿ𣿡
һׯأá
ߣſڵĻЦһ

һ͵Ͳͬ˵
ߺߵҲϹϢȷϣԼŮͬǰ꣬ĬֻǿҲ˵ꡭƺ̫СЩɣ

һϢţ˵½ׯϣһءԭϺõģֻ⼸ճεʷùùܰǸмˡ

¶Ϣ·ɡ޹»в
á

һǴϢȥׯӡ
ׯϹȻʮĶءֻЩȻò̫׵Ѿ㲻

ϢõһٿڣѾ鿴ũȻȰء
Ϣº󣬵ٹɡ
һлڽˣʱׯס

ȵúϢ˴Ż˾ࡣ
С£ұǡõ
һбһۣʣ˵ǡǲͶ˯Ķ

Ŵͣ췴ӦģΪ˰嵽ׯϾס
һһȻأϳ˾࣬ΪŮ޻˵

㡢ǡĻ̾ʮĶأ
˱ǰߣǰ˹ׯӴһ£ֽīδɡ

ǰɣôû
΢᣺ǰǸʱųв۴Σпա

ȿȣ̡ɫǳʲô
ˣ⹷ôС۾ôࡣ
Լ治
̡




90.  Ȣ   ĸŮӻܾ

ڰʮ£Ȣ

һʱӢȥ, ֪ĸϾ
ӢͺϧϢʧ٣һʱɲ
򸾶Ż˾ӻءϢҲߡ֪¸й, ȻҲûжʡ

ӢһţϢм, ĪҪͬƽϡ
ӵţҲΪ⡣

ô, 纣ǲƽϣֻˡ
˵ӼʱЩԵ߶Բ, ضˡ
˵, е˺, ԭ¡ô그µĴЩܵ˺, ʲôأ

ϢҲ֪, ûȥϾ, Ż
ֻǸϧȥһ, ĬĬסСׯ, ŪʮĶ

ׯǸ, ûж
Ϣ˱ǲִٳţϲûдʲôǮͲˣֻΪ
ǲЩģǵһд˰ġ

һգϢˮͰȥԺˮ
ǴС, ꣬нʵҲûʲô

һͰˮҲྰ䡣
ͷˮͰװˮҪȻһִֻӱסˮͰ

Ϣһػͷ
ֻһ˶ĺӲѴ֮ˮͰʣˮģ

Ϣ΢ָָԺС
׳ȻǱ䣬ˮͰʯǰˮȥ

ͰҲ̫Сˣⲻô죿
үСׯҪˮͰ

һһˣҲܿ콫ˮˮ󣬱үˮͰһԲسš
Ϣʮη壬ϰ߼ôһİӡ

ɲã㿸һ
üһĿһ

佫ԺУԼԺ˰죬ڵ˾͸þ⣬
ܿͽá

䵶ѣǲҲ
ֽؽڳ⡣

ϢվڲԶĬĬؿҲᡣ
ȵ񣬱ʣ𣿡

Ϣһ㶣ðŵᡭһЩ
Ǿͺá
˵꣬תҪߣԺĲ԰һϢѾСˡ

ֵء
үͷֽҲһ顣

ʣȱʲô
ȱġϢ˵
ͷ뿪

˾ࡣ
ڳ緹һͬ緹ģȻл
ԶϷ˾¡һʣˣ

˵Ͼջˣǰ첻Ǳ˷Żһǣʧࡣ˵ֱ꣬һ䣬Ǹķܲ

һüŻ𣿡
Ż𣬻һ̿͡Ϊ⡣
һ˵ɣ̲סʣ㽫Ƕˣ

һûüأл쳾ʱϵǶʰˡ˶׻˾ˣ̸ûͬ˵˵Ҳ˵Դ붼֪˭ġһ߳Էһߵ

ɼһ֡
л쳾ʡ
԰л쳾

ߣӢ۾ػҲεεظллľ֮ˣ
ҪȡǰɣŵһһֱڣʣȻûˣ

֪²ã
æʣûˣ
ָҲ˵ǲǸ벻ʣ

ҡ˻ңæȫȫβվǰȻ֪㲢δˣ
ȫȫβҾͲܵţͲˣֱ׳ߣȻҲң

ͼȣʥ׸㿴
˭ϡһ䶾ĹıȲݼ

ͷƤ飺ô
ʲô̬ȣһգһһţ˳
޲ߣð죬ڵǣҵĴȳԷ

ŵպˡ
ĸҶ˵̵¹Ϊȡ
δ䣬ϯ

˲۾Է
ߣҶ

飬ƺôɡ
һȡպϻϸСľУƹлҪСĵ潻

⻰ͬһͩͣ˺òѹµŭֽȼ
𣿡֣ñлΪƹ׼ʲô

ֻýľгϣִ򿪣ľһöֻ˷󣬺Ȼһö﷨
лǿ󷽡˽һᡣ

ͷԷ˼ǻһҺһ

л졣ƹ޹»ʵڲܡغӣתͷһۣƹǱͣԺ֮ҪɱĿԷ˼Ӻ

ӦһǣҲ鲻ԣֻľУ¡
ŬԷһԲ

ȴվһתҪߡߵſڣֻһǧͱ


գڰյһƬ֮Уڻջˡ
˽ɹװ÷ǩ֮һһǼǷַ

ŵεİջȡҲЩ˲鲻Ը
γֶ͢ǿӲҪÿÿǼڲĶֲ֮
һƬԹУڶ½ȥ

æ˺Щ죬εرࡣڳ͢µĹԱҲ࣬ࡣ
ò׻صѧᣬյڴϣط߸һСľӡ

򿪺ӣһƽ˿̷ȻǼ﷨滹һСָ֮䣬ۣĿź챦ʯ


ָֽһһãٽҲۺãĿź챦ʯ۵ֱҫԡ
һֽŵ

һֻ֣ȥؿڼƧĲ棬ҵǸ˵ʦӡ
һ

죬ð̲סЦ
οѪ

ݴ񣬶˼Ĭûἰ
ֻϣ³֣Ҳժ¡

һգ˻صԷ¶һ˫ѥӡ
һ˫ѥýһƬССķҶ
һ˫ѥӣȥز鿴Ȼǲʲôӡġֻǧߡԡ

ڡ
л쳾ӵ˱˻ص

ü΢Ȼлݣﱻ˻أ⻹ǵһΡ
лãϵ˼̫ˡ

׷壬޸
л쳾һ⣬ʹл赵ɡ

лֱڣлΪ˱裬ʣ£
л쳾ֵʦЩʶһܺõĹ롭Ȣ

лü壬ò˵
϶л쳾һòŵʦ֪

л赵ʱΪʦܲ²ˡȴΪãڲסҪɻ飬ϲ¡ǴŮ֪ΪΣΪʦܾ顣

л쳾ʦγԣ
л̾Ԥаˣ˵

л쳾ǻ֮ŮЩɺŷ򸾽ػ塣ǸܲĹ
ˡл赲ԸЩСִͬϲȢǡǺ쳾Ϊһ֮ΪŮ鳤

ӽʦ̻塣л쳾ٰݡ

գл쳾ǰ⽣ڣס
ϧ򸾽ӵϢ˶Щ㶡

лл쳾ףž
ȢǼҰӢٴȷϡ
޶˶һֻۣóӭ

֮ףףȻʢŲĿ
ϧл쳾ӭȴûӦ

ֻõڡ⣬Ρκĳиим˴£ʡʹ
Ӧáл£΢Ц¾ż

ȷʵһ׮¡
գ㴫˾֪
˽עĿ⽣ڣĽϧӢֶŮĽ콵Ե
ˣⱭϲơ

Ͼл쳾Ѿŵһɡ
ɫ˫˫Ϊ˫ʵ˫
ôһԵȢĸŮӻܾ




91.     Ըлƽˡ

ھʮһ£

˾, ˾ѧᡣ
ϵĻƽϸ塢챦ʯͨ͸棬ͻȻ, űƿ΢ȻûţֱӴ, δҲ̫

ȻһˣûƢ
, ʣʲô£

ߺߵģԭ̻֪лȥ⽣ڣšηءǷ, Զ
ڿ, Ҳסʲô

ѧһֻһ, ˡֻ齱ߣЦлѻɫ, ˡ
ˣֻЦл쳾ˡǡ

֪ݡ
Ϊ˷ѾĻ, ˰Ρ
һʲôû, ˵ϸˡ

վ, һҲ͵վͻȻ, һ, ʣʲô
ʣȥ

Цͬصһȥ̸
ңۣȴصסȥ·

ѧխҪſ̫ˡ
ԣ粽ãôңл쳾ŵһɡ, ҫ

һж١
ڵӢΪ󡣿϶ҲܸСֱŮм

һеŭ𶼱Ϩ֮üν˵öԡȥɡ
˵꣬ת뿪

׷ȥŲҴңѧᣬ֪ȥδ
Ȼˣ

һΣֵ嶷ţˡ
ˣһûҲὲ𣿡ŭգðǿԼ侲

һŴͷ⽣ڡ
ʱл쳾δ뿪
ϧͣӢȴ

һ̽һߣСˣС쵰лô£
ʲôô£Ҳһ޹֤һʲôҲûɡ

㲻һֱ˾ΪлףӢĶ䣬ǲ黨ǲˣ
ԩֻֽһͨҸһż棿ʶʲôݡ

Ӣŷû¾ͺáǱ̸
Ҷˣȥͬ˵ɡͷ͵ȥ
ң˵ʲô˵һӢں׷

˾࣬˾鷿
һֱ˷䣬Ȼ֮䣬ɥʧе

ʱ˾ոճһ꣬ǧͷʮͳμ޾ϸȴδƣ롣
һ̣Ǳ

˵öԣл쳾ˣŮӵ˭ܾأ
Լʲôʸǰֹǰ

ͷ
ֻƵŤŤȥ

Ȼ»ϹղͻȻ뿪ˣ˴ͷм¡
һﵭӦһĮġ
Ȼ»ǿ˶ߡ

鷿ĵһ˵׻Ǹĺӡ
һֱǿų͢ϡҵ棬һϳصӡ
ڣ֮䣬εĿֻš
ǵģֻŵʧ롣

»ʣˣ
һָ˴ϵӣл쳾ȥ⽣ڣסԡŻȥˡ

֮ʧ䣬ˡ
»ԣ˱ˣ

һЦԳȻأ
»δ𣿡

һ̧ͷ»ͬӣһҲû𣿡
һĬ
ûС

ʲôʸĿ⣬ò˵һ䣬ǿл쳾
»˵ܾһϣһϣԸΪ¡Ը𣬶˵һ仰𣿡

һ󣬺һŴͷʧ鷿֮У

⽣ڡ
л쳾ϧƷģϧʵԸ´ȥ
ڵһһעĿʵ޷͵

ʱһǳɫů
лʶվ΢Цּˡ

ϴǻڵһķ֮Уȫʪ͸¶
ˣǲҪˡ

ӯӯһлϴξ֮влʧ񡣡
֪ΪΣл쳾ǰϰԵضׯ塣

ϧһۻһΣҪ˵Ļܳ
ӢŻϧѣֻýŻͷл⺢ӣЩһֱ˾ѧգɢˡûûأЦˡ

棬֡л쳾ϴһлĳ԰һֱʮֵǰ⽣ڣףȢΪޡ֪Σ

ףҲȷ䡣
ţѾʽ
ԽţлֵӦʣлĳձűý

ý
΢л쳾֮£˱ý
ԭǲЩҲǲϸġ
˵ףֻӰˡ

ҲǣܹʸΪл쳾±ýģֻǳ֮
̤ͥ㣿

˵ףҲҲ䡣
ʼ磬ô꣬뿪ˡ

Цŵл࣬
˵ͻȻ˵һȣ

סֹ˶ס
˴󻹸⽣ڵĻӣ

ϧüһۿˣǲ⣺ôôػء£
˲ǱˣǼһ

ǰ
һȣȻߵŴϢ

Īʣ
ͨ죬ð죬ƺ¶ģһᣬ۾һգϥڻǰ

úһ㡭ôˣ
˭ҲʲôҲ۾һ֮ǰĻ˵òԡʱ»ʣҳһ߻ᡣԸԸһ䡣

ĵ£δ΢߲ðʹԼԸ⡣Ը⣬ҿκ£һ߻ᡣҪ޸ߣټ޸һЩʱ䡣һҲãҲա롭һʱ䡣

˵ЩͷȴĻػҲڵȴо
ϧ򸾾ڵлһüͷ

վǰãְ
ԭôһˣҲͷ

Цӯӯ̧ͷл쳾ôæ͡Цˡһ仰л쳾ͷơ
Ȼ仰Զ¡б

˵֮࣬ʣѵǸšעл쳾۾ʱշתأ귴һ˫峺
Ըлƽˡ

ִЦºϡ
Щ˵ǰˣҲףԶԵǰ

л쳾˫ƵƵ̫ů
סٸˡ




92.     ˱ܳ

ھʮһ£

ܾ¡
лڶ, Ȼʼδġ
ϧӢͿлһʼ˳Ρ

ӢҲûдȤ, ֻǵ³ɣĸȥ
ϧԾظȥ, ͷ˵һһۡ

˶ʱϺǹҲסɿ
, Ц

ʱϾ⡣
ัСׯϣȴûпǸŮˡһˮףˮûôȻǸ, ϸ

̽ݲ鿴, ǸŮ˲ڡ
ׯûй, Ҳ˿ʡֻĴҡŮ˲δغۼʵĽӡ, һ·ѰǰԽԽƫƧػĲʯ

ʲôü
Ͼų̿, ֮, ǸŮվԶСɽ, һãȻ

Ϣ亰һ, Ů, ȴûлͷ
ֻûǰȴŮ˻ﱧһֻĲϻ˫۴ָۡǰ˻Σô

Ϣһֱʲôȥ˵ô, ụ̂ˡ
ʲô˭ˣɵؿĲϻðŷӦŮˣ̫ѡ

ϢûĻûһζֻǽתתȥ
ǺͿ壬ֻȽǲϻ

ǲϻÿɫոճסͷϢͻȻ
̶һæ֡

Ϣ񿴼ʲôŲϻײײǰܡ
ԭѾûʲô·ʯӲݣܲԶˤڵء

伸ȥһѳǸĲϻӳԶ
ϢƴҪȥ񣬱һѿһؾߡϢƵļСָץ
䲻Ϊһ·Ͼ

ʱʥҽ
ԶŮ˵Ŀ޺

˱׷￴
⣬Ůˣǣһ·Ů̫ᣬֻʣһͷһ

ϰףڷʲô裡ัϢһţϢ˫һأתҪܡ׷ϣָСһ

Ϊһ·ϢЬӶˣֻʣࡣλҲʣʲôɢ
ʱţһҾ֡

ҪҡѺӻҰؿ޺
ʥ׿˱һۣĿкЩĺ塣ัŭĿһɣǰף˼룡

𣿡ʥջĿ⣬֣ϢѨᰴࡣϢϾˣʱ滺֮£شƤ޺΢
ʥ׵ˣͳ룬Ϊʩ롣

Żˡ졣
ัҸʲôˣӺץѪӡӣڱүƤĨĨʣŮǲǷˣ

ʥ˵Ǹˣҩɲͷˣ
ˣӣһ·ʮ㣬ҿõúܡ

ʥ׺޶ٻ˵ֻǵϵˣȱֶϽŲŽв䡢ǲ壬Ҳǲ
Ҳ˾Ͷˣȼͬ˵

УʥһھܾһܣɿסĴȥ
סǡ

ʥ׿Ҳô˵ģӳҩһ룬ʱáǰһֱȵҩԭҲʹáȥȥȥϽ˴ߡ

ʲô취
ֻðϢʱʩ룬˯ˡ
䱧˰죬ֻͻׯϡ

⴦ׯӻǰŵģҲʺ
ֻʱ̫ǵһҲðȫ

佫Ϣŵϣֳϡ
Ů˵Ŀѣֻǿҷв԰׵úѪɫ

˵ǰҲǸҹŮ
Ůӣั
ŮǷţ༰Ķ

վһҲ¿ֻϢҩ
ัóգƫƫҩò
ûչ˵漼ܱС

ϢʱԼڴϣѾˡ
һ˲Ļ㱣֪Լںδֹ¼ź;һ˲ϮԼƽ

в֪
ǰڻƼңհҩ
Ƿӵ˵֮ǸҽϢһֱҩҪͣ

Ϣҹҹذҩ
ҩ̫֭Ѻȣٺ֮һֱ֪Լڸʲô

ϾգΪͣҩӱЩͿ
𴲣߳š

ԺһС¯Ļ潫ҹһƵĿ׶
С¯ǰ¯Сཹཱུؼһҩҩܿ࣬Ժﶼζü
Ϣվűߣǰ

ʱܻȻ
ʱ˲ţϢƻ֮ԾܾлڣΪ˾һ

£ҲǷˮ
ը˹

һƬĬȻ˽
ľܻ飬ֱӭһǶ⣬ֱӳϡ
л赶ָӡ

޸
л赳ʣô£
л쳾̹ȻЩ΢Цŵƺһ˵ӵס

һлڵҪ꣬ǸʮĻƿС
л쳾ȷʵСЩ¸ϣպҲǸ

ϧ򸾾֣лȻǶˡ
л쳾ƽͣһ򻤶Ȼ԰ԸΪ
лЦԣΪôɨأ

л쳾ȻѾϸϸӻһᣬٺͰ̸̸֮ǰ֪룬ףȷʵǵͻˡ

ͻлޣǻǸ޳С˵Ů浱Լ֦ҶȢҪ̸ģ

ʦ丸ͬл쳾ü֪лһ棬յ£ض졣ԣҲֻȰ£ӻġ
л赳ܽáһëѾͷܻ飬¿¹ųЦǧ˰أ

⽣ڡ
ӢͺϧȻһӲˣҲдһλ͡
ϴҹ˼ɼ˵ӣû᷽һ¡

Ӣ˵⺢ӣȻǲͬ£ҲҪţеܾĵڱϾ֮ףһӣֻл²̨

ƾЮ˲ˣתͷָһЮĸ˵ǡһʱڿ졣
ϧ¹ŮŮŮڡ˵˵˵ҲҲá

ҲԡӢ˳㣬ϧֲˡ
һڵĳԷ

󣬼˸һ𷵻Ͼ
Ϊûм£Դͷˡ˹Ͼ

ͬʱ˶࣬ʲô
ֻжˣԵΡ

ð죬ʣ㡭ǰ˵Ļģ
ʲô𳵴ˡ
С

Ͼׯϡ
佫ҩã˵Ϣǰ˵˾䣺ȡ

̫ߴϢΥֻһߴһ߽ҩȥ̵ҩ븹ȷʵƽࡣ䲢û뿪˼ֻʣ㡭Է𣿡

䷴Ҳţ߲áһŮٷ裬ܶǺã
Ǵ𣺡á

ϢȥҲû£ջ
˶û˵ϢֽҲ䡪ҹŮýҲѧһЩεı¡

ܿһ
ԭ˲ࡣ
˭֪үˣһһ˾ͳ˸ֱ

ΣϢ˵ҡ㣿
үһٷһ˵á
ǣϨ̨

俴һϢŮ
Ϣ͵һ۱䣬˱ܳԡ




93.     δ˺ޡ

ھʮ£޳

˾۲Ĵ, ڲ֪١
ؿʼѣȱˮ
ǧء

ҰףҲһ
Եεá, ΢ȥ

ׯڷ׷׿ֻ֮, ɰȻͦ
ӵǶĿ顣ͷԽԽ, ̫忾Ŵء

׳øˣҶƬʺһ㣬εסÿһˮ
ȵԶĺӴﶼҲ򲻵ˮʱ, ͻȻ˷֡׵Ҷˡ涼зḻ֭ˮ

֭ˮƫ, ΢ɬ
ʱ, Ļ˹˵
Ҹɿʵʵڲеʱ򣬾ԽҶ

һæ, ˾ִµĴ׶ÿղ꾮ȡ
üص, òӡҲ۵ò˵

ϾҲȱˮ, ˳ķ, ÿ
˵, Ҳͬ˵
˾, һ仰Ҳ

ȱˮˡ洦ɼ
ѩϼ˪ǣһЩΪȶصĶ

սأʼȾߡ
߽һЩȽⶾҩĿʼ漱Ϊ, ͨҩĸֲȥ

ò֮ʼ֮䱼ߣϣתҩġ
Ϊǰ׵˸ͷҪ·
ϱҲܡ

ɾڴʱĵ˳
ʲôˣ
Щռ˱ȥ
£Ȼ粻ˣҲɻˡ

Ǵʱ֮ڣ˿֡
ȻģȻ˭죿

һָҩģĸ磬ջ֮Ϳʼˡ
ǣ˾ҽͰ׹£ɶعͬҩ顣

ܿ࣬Чȴ˲֪ٱ
ƶҲΪ֢

ǡΡ쳹䡣տʼĳơ
ϢүҧгݵģֵζҪЦ

ڴʱ֮ã
ͷҲ⣬ֱӵ˵ʶؾصͶϰϷ˵Ϸֵı켫Ϊͬһ𡣡

֮ıԲ˵л赳ֵܡ
һֱð亹˵⡭

֮˫һϷʵĪǻҪѲɣ
Ҳҡæ˵Ҫװһظˡ

պ󣬡ΡԼ֮ڵһķ
һ˵£صظϻҲټһ档

ǵյȼ˰ϼ
ĺۣͷĺɴñһһɫٷ֮һ硣

˿ƽĵط
һ֦д˾䣺μң

һ֮ΣƺͻȻеƢŵſ֦֣˳ϸۣȻŮС

ξȻǸŮӡ
֮𶯣ξȻ˹֣ĽǰյĿĳʮ𾪡Щĳо꣬һֱҪҩЧĳ֮ԣĳصǰл

ɲأ
Ŭ˳һɸĪģȴһشġ
ǰŵĿ֮ϧҲҪġ

ĸ̸֪֮һһؽУɡ
ɫŻһһд֮£عһ

еظˣ֮ԵøΪ𾴡ôݣȻλܡ
ĪЩѾĳϣ

Ҳܡ
ǰˣеػͲŻ

Խ䵭֮Խϣʣĳ֪Ŀ
ȻΪĴѰʦоð

΢ԥֱڵ֮꽻ҩЧ
һһ֣дòǰ˵ķ緶

֮һ߿һߴΪ𺶣⡢ĳ룬ıϡĳҽ꣬ٵд롣ǰҲдĵãĪҲλҽŴͣ
ɣĶлңȴȽϾ˶ˣҲûôӳ

һһֵдۼ飬оˡ
֮£ǰܸĳһݣ

ʹãʹð
æ֣΢΢һڣʾⲻء
һݣӢĻƨɡ

ҲǲŲæ
Աߣ˵ǰϾѸߣԸĴǰл֮

䣬¹򵹣˵򡰵Ρͷ
Ȼñ֮УıѲ
챣ӣϣһӲҪ
ˡ

ǰ֮˼ζҩĸ¡Կ֦ʣûȴޱȡ
ܲ
Щҩģ֮һƼˡÿвŭ֮ͷ϶罦ĭ

ĭظ
ˡ
պһĸ²ҵĹͷ

˼תȴɽ
֮ԽͬԽǻʾһＸǿнקߡ

˲õ
ĸˡ
һ뵽ĸֵĻһࡣ

ȵһ֮Ҳõ˿ơһʪصʱ򣬵Ѿ񡱡
֮Ƴ磬аնһλĻ¡ž޵ǰ͸ˡ

Ϣүۼƻգɴ˸ӵķӡ
һ죬ҥƵʵϢҵϢүӡ

ҥԽԽ档
Ҿ⵱ڣϢүӡС׵ĸ֡
ǵǾµʦзḻ־顣ף֣ѵĸô

һ¶ȷпܡ
һ򣬵ĹլϾϢҲϾ
򣬵֣ްܼǶ֣ô˳

ôһ˵ĿϢҾ£
ϢүӶ£ĵáȲϣҲϡ
ֲ֣˭˭к

һգϢүӵĳϢᣬҡڵȥϾĹլ
ȥҲ˵ֻǽݣ鿴ߵ֡һԲ뿪

һͻѶϵʱˡ
֮ϣڵξϢүӵ£ƺʹ˵õ֤ʵ
֪ʵİտʼ׷׸Ϣүӡ

һǸ߰͵Ūٳ档૵δ˺޳֮ˡ
ĹͷļվڹլſڣðЦһ

ϲ콵תĪôˣ
һȻѾ֤ʵϢүӣǵǷĵ⣬ƿҪˡ

ĻҴˣϢүӿɺ޳ܶˡ
ô꣬ѵûʲôԸĿ֧𣿡
ǿ̫ˣһ˫۾Ĺԣ˵ô֣һ

磬˵ЩеĿöȣֱȥϢҡ
ͬʱ˾Ż
һֱĿʾˣһӦɳ͢渶

Ȼ񣬵Ѿ֤ʵϢүӣôЩĿϢүӽ塣վϢſڣΧ۵İգЦ¡崺硣

ػϢүӵ¸ء㾴壬˵Ҳ˸ۡϢүӹĿ
˵֮󣬼һҾأϢȡ˵

Ϣүӽӹ˵ûιȥ




94.     ͷ

ھʮ£

ʮ, ֡䲻ʲôϡȱӣյ
ʮĿȻۡ

Ϣү˼ȥ, ðͷǮƺҲֵá
ϾϢҲǼҴҵ󡢸ɵй
ҧҧ, Ҳˡ

ԭΪһ, ֵӦ谭
ȻϢүȻ͹˼˵޳̶ܳȡ

˵ϢҶҸӣȥ׹¹
ǰ֪ϢүѾ, ǵˣһ̾
Ϣ㣿֮ɲ, ŭð, ȻҪð棬ϷҲ໰Ҫ

֮ɲǸ˭ˡ
Ӱ׹³, ֱȥϾ

ϾլϢү׼լԺ
լѾ, ϢүӾǵ, ҷ׷׹, ߵл

ʵҵ峤Ƶġ˶ΪϢүѾ̸, šƤݡ
ռʹô, Ҳͬ
ϾκβĵΣҲֻˡ

ϢүҲ룬һ߲Χ۵İһߵЩ꣬࣬Ϸ, Ҳ׷׿Ϸ򱾲¶ݣֻŰΪ£ϵ׻ǲزס

һһ֣ׯظп
䣬һЦ𣿼ȻԳǵΣôϷҪˡ

Ϣүһۿȥʹ˸ͻ֮ˣ
ͫһȴҲֻӲͷƤԭ֮㡢кλҪ˵

֮첽ߵǰΧѾ֮ңǰЩӣ˿һҩȻǵΣԿҩЧҲʮ˽ˣ

ϢүӵȻ
֮ͷƣáô뻳㣬ڽһ¿һҩ֮ʲôҩģӽҩЧˣ

⡭ϢүĿⴹأϲңѾʼġȷʵʦҩġЩҩĵҩԡҩЧԼˣҲ©á

ϢүӱϾҽߣһУûõ֮ĵ롣
Ҳ֮ҽ̳̩

֮״Цλǵֵǹݡ˵꣬ɨһϢ㣬µ͵Ҳмڴ㡣Ҫð죬Ҳɵȥ
˵꣬ȥ

Χ۵İ
Ϣҳ˾ʣȻûеõεͷ֮衣
ϢүӼֱը˷Ρ

˾࣬˾ѧᡣ
ϣϡ
Ϣեȡӷָ˵۾Цûˡ

һΣͷðˣ㲻ܣ
ͷʵڣƱһ齣⣬ǲ֪Ҫ֪ϳôӣˡ

ʲô̲仰Ĳ֮
ûʲôͷƱµҲں

һϲɫȴЩɡ
û˼ĵΣֻлܹ˫֣ȻǸŮӡ

һɨƱĻǾͶԲϡ
ʮǰϾʱŶ

ȵȣ
һŮһ굽Ͼ

Ϊ˾Ȼ˾㡣ѧһ꣬Լꡣ
ʮꡣ

ѧһ·ͷ¡
Ա߰׻˾ټ̸·
͵̧ͷȻȥһ飬Ͼĵһ֣ʲôʱ򡣡

̸治֪ΪͻȻ¸Ȥ
ɲǸʵˣ˾ȥˡ

ǵҹε鱨ٴζѵ˼˵鰸ϡ
˴򿪣ţĵһ֣ʮǰĩ

󣬼˵˾һѧ
ӲѧԼѧҲӲ˵ӲһȥһΡӲݡ
ЩӲݵ;˭ܱȼ˸ô

ô򵥵ļòݣ˾ʮ겻óš

ϸ룬Сʱ㾭ſǽͷ
һ꣬ʦòУǽͷϼ̡

㱻֡
պǽԺһֹ١ٳ̣Ӳøͷ
Ϊ£ͣ˺ü졣

ԽԽԡ
ʱ˵ˣ˵ϴΣ絽¹ð֪ܷд˸Եüһ棿

ԣ۾ȥֻĲǱˣ˾ԺԺӹ塣
ð¶΢ЦԺ࡭һʡ
֣˵ҧгݡ

ϣʳй
ҲµһͬԷ
ѧӹ壬ʶɣ˵

ЮһӲˣҲԣҾǲôȥѧԺ뻹ʶɣ
ԭ㻹֪㲻ôѧ䳰ͬ˵Ҫ֮һ档

ҪΡü˰ɡͲ˵ġ
µصǿ̫źˡԺԸء

Ȼһ⻰۾һķˣ˵УԺһƬĵķݶϣҾͰԼԼ
ǴЦǿˡ

಻࣡ڰ֣һ뵽ӣֱļϡ
ӵ֣һҪɷȹˣ

ҹͰس˾ࡣ
Ȼ˵ҪΣҪһġ

ĬĬ٣ȷʵǳţû˸š
³ۼλɱ̿͡

ǵΣĽһǳ
ʱοǼĽ

Ȼܸ٣зӵġ
ϾڳǣֲͫĶࡣ

򿪾ͫ沢ֻżܿڽͷŲΡ
￴ƺûʲô

Ȼգ˳ܹ
ͬˡ֣Ʊ
ҲʳԣЦЦؽƱϡ

ӹƱЦüֱϲ£졣
벻ԺȻˬ졣ͻԼķؼɡ˵˾ص㣬Ʊϲ̵뿪ˡ
ʲôҲû˵

磬ϴ֮εĵطԺԸ˵
ӹ壬ԺԺࡣ
һΣ͹µϣӲؿͷ֮˫ֺʮݹͷΪͽ


˾ࡣ
ͨͫ׼ȷؿ˻뿪˾ʱѧᣬֱҪԿף˷š

Ȼһҵ˵εķǩ
ԼֵĲӡĵáһЩʧܵĸ֡

òֺӣԼ֮ĵͷ





95.     в

ھʮ£в

ͷѾĹˡҲֲ
ֻƬ, һŴͷֱȥ⽣ڡ

ʱ, ϧڶ
⽣ڵġ͡ȻҲûõȡҴ, һɫ, ηˣˣ

˵⻰ϧ򸾶ͷһ𡣺ϧæʣڡģ
ӢҲеҵȿɷһ

˳Ͽҵ֪ںδλ, 
Ӣϧ˵, ŵȻߣ
, ˴Ŷ˳ţʹôͷ, ֱԼء

ʱΡûߣ
ӹ, Ҫʦߵ

ͷһѵ, ĸҴӦ
ƫƫӹ岻, ҪӦ²ɡ

ǰǿͷ, , Ժֻ¿ʮҲֹˡԵӦϷϷڴ˳𣡡
ˣԺҲҪˡ

ݡΡΪʦ治Ѫʵϸϸоεִ֡ѧʶ֮㲩ּ֮İо

ڵ, ధ¹󣬲Ϊһ˽ʵԺˣ֮ܵһҲЩడ

û뵽ӹȻǸͷ
ƽʱԺǿׯϵúţ

͵֣ҪӦԶһϤڡڵȡ
ʱȫӲƤӶˡ

ԶϧӢ첽򸾶󣬻šһ
һɡ

ݲ룬ϧѾǰ
ʱһڸȫͷɴñֻһ˫¶档˫֣ô֪ŮӣΡ

ϧǰͼӹڹġ̩Ȼ֮
ȻαݾԲ͡

ݵ
ǿһģսսذ˰֡ʾĪҪ

ӢĿ¶羴֮ɫδ֮Ǵߣ׺ҩġţ˾塣Ӣһݣ
˵꣬Ӣϥ򡰵Ρһݡ

ʱ޶ˣ
ŬԼվֱ˫ȲҪ
վԶǰ

ӢݹΣӹధֻõԺ£ָܵ㣬Ҳܸ
ɹؼҲҰ

֣Ǿܾơ
ӢִⲻʣҲԭԺҲĪҪǿˡ
˵꣬ӹ

ӹһɥҲ±벻ۡԺҲмӡĳܣϣÿ֮ʱָһ£ʦ࣬ҹϿΪΪģһˡ

򡰵Ρٰݣ±Ըֲ֮֡Щ꣬Ժ˲ŵ㣬δЧĳȼϣ֮𡭡

˵ϣͷҲ˼־⡣Щҹͬˣݡ
Ҳ֮һعأֻΪס˵档

Щƶɢ˭⣿
죬θɣ

ǺԽԽˡЩһµڼһ
ӳЦɣšǺҲΪ֮һ

֦룬дԣˡ
⻰֮ٲҶ˵ֻϧʩһ漴뿪

ϧ򸾱Ҳ֪֮ˣܸܲپ
ʱŲݣ뿪ߣͿʼСܡȻݺһŴͷ֮زز

ҸεĵطһͷŸϻ˾ࡣ
˾һ糣ûԼ

һҴܻѧᣬš˵Ⱦϲһȱ֮ɨƺʲô

Ŀƣֻһŷǩ
ǵֵķǩ

Ƿǩٵǰͫ׶ɢˡ˷Լӣ
תҪܣſȴѾһӰ

ͬǰơ
㡭ĭˡ˲ơѧ᱾Сڻأһûվȣ˴֮ϡ

˻ȥָһһŷǩͲһ𣬵ڡΡ
ֻͷһըףˡ

㡢㡭ҽͣӲҰ£ͷķǩѽ
𣿡ġһס֣ʼĴ﷨

ģͻȻ֣Ĵ﷨һ㶼ã
ʲôʱ뷭ͷ˽ҲûС

ֻܷʲô֪˴﷨ʧ񰡣
һѹסܿʹֵĻƽﳶһɴñ

ñ˵ˣҲˡ
˽ϣЦ˵

죬һԲ
ôԶĥÿֱ졣

㻯Ρţҧƭҿͷţ
Сͨ죬ֻСƱ磺ǡҲҵĴѽˣԼƫҪġ

㻹˵Ǿʹ
ѹģæ˵ҲѹˣղԺʮʮء

һ뵽ֱ
ԼĸҲš

ҪҴɡһҲˡ
㣿Цð죬һ

ɣô
ŭĻ죡
㡭Ҳ̫˰ɣֻԼ֡ױ͵ϲ

ĹЩһѾסס죬ҿĻ쵰¾ƣҿͷ
Խ˵ԽޣһѽתӲҪ¸Լһ

һ棬Ӵðһ֣
һϣϷȥ˲ֻ˸ԼͷˣĪ
ֺޡ

ЦȻأ㻹Σ
⹷˷ѽ⡣

㡭ǲòᣡЦãģͿģ͸
Ҳ£˫ϥأ˿ͷ

˼һŭеˣҡҿû㰡
ŭȣ

ܿ뿪ѧᡣ
ϣԽԽ

ġл쳾ȻǸʲôöôҲ顣
һѵǸӣ

ģŮ׻Ǳ룬Ȼһһ
ڴأķơ

߳ѧᣬҲ˰졣
ΪͷǻΪʲô
ߣ

ѧãӹĵܵ𥡣
Ҳ˾ķ֮һһŹִ֣ѧ᷽ʣȥѧ᣿

һȻһѣƭͷ
üԣ
˵ִֻץãڿĻأȴвΪΣ

⡭üҲ˼áัﾭ⻰ЦʣѣǱһŮƭɣ
ͷ

ัʾŮӺò
ٶȵͷ𥿴齥ˡ

ัʾץץ
˵ڴ֮ϣץŮ֪ϴؿĻء
вòᡭҡͷȥ




96.     ذٺ̡

ھʮ£

, ˾鷿
ڰߣ鿴˾֧Ŀ
ʳ߽һСߣʳ, ֻСһˮ

ᣬֻһˮ
ʲôü

ѧ, 鲻ã¶ż, ⲻֻþһˮ͹

˾ĪϤԹЦǿΪѰˡ
, һץϵ, һ鵤ˮ, ι
鵤ιʳ, ûˡ

һߣȴûеһû
һ, ʳˡ

ôЭˣԭģ
ԼĴˣ

ŲӲ, ǵڶҲǰˮ, Ҳǡ
Ҳǡ

, ȦЩ, ҲһȦ
˾λัλټ࿴ż

ȸ˾ټ濴ȥˣԼҼƽⲻ۸𣿣˺͵óԲëĪţ͸ůůƢθ

Ǹ˵Ĺ, ¾ӣ³
һͶһ

ȳԡ׸Ҫ˵ⰢƢҲ̫ЩҪǹȥͿǿ棡պҪǸңֱŤ

һԴԲѵشĬĬسһ
ȻƷζá
ǡ

ֺһڣǰɷŮʼҪӡ
æ˵ѽ˵ζãҿѧġҲ̫ʳˣڡôҪӡûѧٹȡ

Ȱ˵֮£üͷ˰

磬˾ж
͢󻩣̲ˣ︣յ»ʣ»ٹ»
һʱ֮䣬ҳһš

ǵģжˡ
ʮ꣬µɫ࣬һ˻þ

ǳ˴̿ͣ찡
ั»ýһӦ˵ͨͨץ׻˾ʣ˰죬ֻּ˰

棡ัƢõˣʱĭӶ絽ϣ㶼Щʲô
һ˵¹پ͡һ

˵ζǺ׶죿ʣĶںδ̲ʡ
ָָԼ鷿

˴ʥףǰȥ顰
﷢ɫ쳣޵Ģ


˾һᡣ
ʱ򣬵һѾθҪ³ʥһؿҩ»١ϲλ֣תȦ

齱ߣס¡
һֻ巢ʶͷ

׻ۣʣô
ôĻ𡭡
ʲôȥʲôҲ˵

ȵ˼ҩһһڵشι¡
Ҷ֪ǺϧֶŮָϵһ㣬Ҳûš

һȹҩ˯˹ȥ
ʥʰҽ䣬ðͻȻ˵˾䣺Ȼʺ󲢷ǲʡ
΢ʥײ˾䣺һ𡣡

ŶӦһҲûʱġ齱ߣŵһ
裬ÿ˶ԼجΡ

ϵ죬ôһ٣ʵǳԲʱഽףޱȡ
̾˿֪㿪ʼûڡԼҲǵģϹƽʲô

׻˾
Ѿ̼ϡ

̿򣡡ܻгĻʹ
ัֹʲô취
˵ֻôޡ

ȻȰλ̵Hλ裬Ȼ湫ǡ
»١ϲλֵسȥ

һߣͲҽУัû¶û¶Ҳ³ˡ
»ãŭЦǻã˵ٴΣʺ㣡

ɥҲΣҲԵúúõġ
ัֻǻţڡԵúúõġั°ͷץңӣžһصس̼ϡ
̼ܷһ죬ʱһ֨ҽС

ʲô취
ֻܺλ̲ҵżѰգ


ҽιһһҩ
û£ԷĴ߶

࣬һٶûô
¼ܣԲΡǽиС䣬ԡͰ

ɻ߽ȥŷСﲻԡͰźüӡ
ӿȥܳװܡ

ʲôҪЩװķԼҵС
èץһĪǻܻ߲ɣ

ǻƽ鱦
֣־͵˶á
һߡһﻹ͵͵Լѧţ
һûһأƽˣ

һ룬˲ֱ׳ִһӣ
治ǻƽ鱦

ǡ
ַ˷
ȹ

ЩȻŮȹ幤׺񣬻ϸ
⡭

ָЩͦϣһٵĸо
⡭͸ҵİɣ

΢죬⻹ò£
϶ǰ

⹷֪ңЩ򱾹Ǹ
ߣһһϸĵ⡣

һ죬æӣĳ
ȴʥ׽һðųһûˡϷҩ

ӦһģȸԾ֮״
ʥɨһۣҲһͷˮڸʲôŮģ롣

峿òףѡ
ʲʣˮ˿ֿ˿ˮЩɡ

ȴشˮؽˮιִˮԽʪΪϴ֡
㡭ˣСʡ

ڳĻڹķݶϣʩ顣̾ԭͲӦͬƽϡ
˿֪Ǳá

֪ѵ֪׼򱾹Ǹ𣿻죬ȴû£ж̲֮͹ﶼˡ˵ץһλ¶ټ࣬Ѿؽ׻˾Ѷ

һԣܺΪϵ˼硣
첽ţߵſڣֻͷԸ漸ȹ˸֪ɷ˵Ѿȡء

סʲʲô˼
Ȼֻ˽һϾЩеʽꡣ

ЦߵǰһŽ˳ȥ
һĢȥɣ

׻˾
汻һҹޡ
ڴҶĳ֪֮Ҳû֡

Ǽ˸ʱи
̲ˣӦλ˽
ֻǴӴԺټĳǡ
Ȩ

գһ׼ţϸմ򿪷ţͼſվһˡ
ǱˣǼ

Īʲô
ȦЩְ߽࣬һСӵݸӣһһţȫ

⡭һɣʲô˼
˵Ѿȫջء
أʡ

ȻصЩĸױĸҡԸѾд¡زܸҲԼ
׹˵Щҵˣ

˻ûʶԼϽҲֻǵǰɡ
ֵúϲ£죬ס͵һڡ

ӶزȥϵĿˮ֡ЩŻѧᣬǰԭѧµĿյء
룬˶ʮȹ

ǷȹƮƮԡ

ʣ⡭Щɷȹ㲻ǻȥ𣿡
˵ǱֻĲͼɷӣȻϾףꡣζ˸㿴幦֮ɷʹвͬ

ʼ̸幦Ƕա
ֱǡ

˴ʱʣΪʲôôࣿ
Ŷ˵ʮ˶ʮסһ꿪ʼһһסʽӣþЩȥûϡ

վǰ뵽ԭ³


⣬Ҳûա
һͲڴˣôԼ
ǽ죬ЩȹÿһĶšذٺ̡

½½յ˶ʮ




97.     

ھʮ£ħצ

ḧһȹ°, ȹëᡣ
תߣ˰, ŷҪߣ

ȥĶĪʡ
Ī, £
ֱԼĶ䣬ղŵһ, ѵĻþ

ǰȹ˿Ǹװĺӣʣ㡭Ĵȥˣ
Ȼأü

ҪǿСжϰ
ǿסͷĻ, ʾȻǳȥԸ, һС, Ȼ󡭡ٽЩȹһһ˿Σ

һ˵, һ߿һᴵ
, չæ, ա

ش, ֪仰ǲϵ˼
ѾҴȥ
ǡֱиɻ

̫С, һ̫С, Ͼʮꡣ
һЩعϸȹһ߰οԼ
ĪĪ

˵Ҳˡ
ˣĪʲôë

, ɽׯ
Ϣ÷˼Сˣһơ
˺ܶ࣬Ϊ͸óԷˡ

Ȼүˮ񡢽ء
Ȼ߹ǰ¡
϶һ棬һۣʣ

ϢЦҡͷǰ
ŶһʣȻ棬ΪβΪȥ

ϢֵõǶʮǰһ͵ǰڣѾ̫ˡ
̾ϢҲûʡ

Զ˹棬³˸ɸɾ
ϢԷǴЦ

ûйˣׯӣֻбᾭ
ŪʮĶأżҲӢдšӢĻźܼʱᵽƾĽչܿ졣ϢϸƾдţŻһ

䲻Щһ뷹Ը鷳ͲҪԼ
֪ϢЦŵΪһúù

ߣĵ˵һ
ˡ

ΪһְܿͽЩù滮
ǵ軧
סһԺǲѧӣûѧ𣿣

ǣҵӹ壬ԼṩأЩѧ֣
ӹֵúϲ£죬ҲûӦ¡
ⲨѧӣǡŻѧ֣

ǣǿԼδġѧʱȫ
õһѵ͹ӹõһѵĵʦѧǻʵġѧ

ֹܿ滮ѧһҪֲ֣
һɳӣܳʲô֣

ɳԭҲһ˵Ҳ֮һϧĸţҵ䡣Ϊռҵ㽫˳
޴ȥԺΪѧ˾ࡣ

ʹԺҲǸ
һֻҲ࣬ĸ꣬͢ԺӹΪȡ˸֣⡣

ˣӹѧӡ
Żһֱ㣬˵Ȼ

ûһҲаǧ֮ѱҳ͸ûıҪɳǾٺõ֣Ҳ֮ԣ¡֣˲Ŀ

ɳֶ꣬ҲԼļ⡣
ѧӲ˵һ棬ǲҵʧȥôõѧ
һ棬Ҳֻ֧Ͼǰһ㣬š

ҵſβɳ
Ϸ˭
Ƹ֡

ɳȻСʱҲôġ
ɳЦСʱСʱԺһδ𣿡

ΧЦָɳȻη壬ߵǰʾ̯ģȻһӸ鵽ϡ
ɳͷһ֡

ӣصؿһѹ
ҶΪҪ̸ۣȫ

ϵɨˣӻֻ֣һ仰£ġ
ûѧﰡ


ҿʼջָʾ֡ɳǲԺѧʵ̫Сˡ
Ⲩѧͷ֣ﰵˬ˻ǵеذý

ܵϢڲ֮Ҳ
һ꣬Ҳ֣֮֮һ
Щ֣Ķ

£ȻҪֿ
ǣһֳʱʹ˵εķǩѧӣԼֳڵķǩ֮ʱӯ֡

նԵεΣֺ谭ر
ԺԺʮ꣬ûг۹˴֡

ѧɳһ裬Ѿ˺ܾõĴ
߹ȥʣôˣ

ɳعͷݹȥ
⿴еׯڣһѾ˷յʱŸ룬󣬱κֶ˶

ð죬ЦŵΪ֮ʦǲǣ
ɳƵصȥ

Ϊβȥ
ɳ첼ϴҶײ
Ц߰ɣһȥɳ˵ҲŰݷˡ

һѧᡣ
һ̵ãң
ǰֻѧƿƿһѡ

֣ΪʦûЩ֡
Ժѧﲻǿߣֵȥ

ɳһۿУĸȷʵŹŹֹ֡
ʣǺ

üɫ裺
ɳһͷˮ

˵ɣܹһ˵֡ţֻҪֵʱȦд֣ģ
ָ׵ģ

ɳ˵⡭кô
ûôأ㲻֣

ɳץץͷ˵ɡ㲻𣿡
֣Ƕǻ߻ûѧᣬѧɡ쿴һ

˳һֵģϣдɳ֡
⿴ȤҲȡһ֣дԼ֡

ˢˢس˳سë޵ġ⡱ɳʱ˾ŵΪ񼣣
˷׷׸Ϲȥιۡ

˵Ժӹ忴һʣкã
ûʲôðҡͷ᳤͡Ҫֶѡ

ơԺɨѣ鰡һתͷܡԺԺ׷򣺡ⲻҵĶµɣĵЩûõ

棬ЦԺ࣬һҲܵøɵûõ

Ժ˸״ˡ
ԺҲɵ״˵ҵ˵ɳͬ

ϣͱŶ䣬ֽԼǿƻ˾
Сһ˿٣ԱߣԹۣǲϴ֡

òװϻ˾˰죬˹սǡ
ԲϰݣŻԱԼһ

ȵһʱ򣬸պøˡ
ˣ޲¶Ȼ΢Ц
ֻлżᷢ

ĳԪһһʮ꣬Ҳһ
Ǽѩ

ʱĹ켣ı䣬ѷ١
˾ˣѾϰû˵ԴΪ⣬Ϊ

һۣ糱
伸еˣ꣬Զ顣

ȵһԽԽߣ˻ʱ򣬳ԪȻ١
ʮ
˴һ˫ħצ





98.  ޹   ǽ

ھʮ£޹

ʮ³һ
˵һ, 빬
ʦԷȥȻʺ󡣵ٻ˾࣬Ѳڡ

˵Ż, û
ȥѧһȦҲڡ
, ǳȥˡ
Ҳ⡪ҲǺæġ

ҹ˽, һš
ţһüӹţһ, дţٹݡ

ٹݣ
һȻѰ, Ҳ֪Ⱨٹʲôط
ĵط, ÿ긳˰ܸߣȻӡ

Լȥ
һּõĵηǩ֮ϵ塣
ʷƽղá

ٲԥ, һ·˾ֱ࣬ٹݶȥ
÷, ʱһ˴, Ũص֬, ü

ſŵŮ, Ȼ, ȴֻЦûǰǸؾСǰʣ˿ˣ

һһСæڣ˿ˣС
һ·ȣΧǰԽԽ, СյɫĵΪ·

һɷŵУͻȻһƬžżżɽˮ֮һ硣
Сһһߵ˵˾һλˣɷһа¶

˵أһԵŶ£
һңֹСأС

һﱻ˵Ȥʣôַ
С˵ᣬİĻϣԵмɭиضз̶̶޹ǣÿÿг࿡Ӿ̶ߣ޹Ǳ㻯òŮӣߵһһ̶ˮ֮С

Ŷһķ¹£һᡣһҪжʧǣܱŮԻˣڵ̶޹ŮӣȻʮòˡ

ʱС˽һڵĴֲָ
ٸߵĹԼϣ¶һɭɭݣǡֻܴһˡ

䣬ˡ
漴ȴһȻպϡ

һﵱȻ壬ڴʱһ΢ɢǰˮ𡣵һĿȥֻǰǸˮأϸ˿֮
ˮ΢һŮˮ

˿壬ˮ飬ɴϸᣬճһˡ
ѻ衣

Χһյһյ޷ȼ
㣬ˮ裬֬衣

һͣ
İУ˽裬ˮеǶȻ˸µķԵƬˮ֮ʱɴѸɣ˿ơ

˳̤ף·ڷİ͡
˿֣һлһ깴ָ

Ǳ˻ǡ
֪ԼûǰȻع֮ʱѾ˳رߡ

˺Цۣ͸˿
ںʯ̾͵ˮ̶ߣһɴȣ봹ˮ΢ɢ䣬ԣ覡

ߣһɫƺһ񱭡
ǳյ˲Զձ͵ߡᵽİ㣬绨ۣɢ֬еĲϲ

ߣŴвǾƣȴ籡ɡֻǳǳһָ֡΢ḧģ£꣬΢΢פ̶
һֻ֮һԼĻ㡣

֣Ҫסۣ˼ỬˣָҲѳֻ֣ðɴ䡣

ɴϸֻôϸɳлߡ
ɴ䣬ߣˣˮ̶ˮ㣬ʪƮƮϸɴ󻺻û

һ֣סָ֣ɿƮƮҡҡ׹䡣
˼£Ŀľ

һٲˮ
̶ˮ΢峺ˮ֮УɴƮɢڻ

̶ˮӵû
׷ȥˮ߰˫ۻ΢ˮУֻĴȱ

ûƣѪҺȴȼա
Ըҵǣɴˮа䣬ơ
ɲδɵ޷ˮгһңϢܳ־á

˽̶ףƬͣƿ
ڱ΢֮У˿̶ףԼصˮ档һǱȻˮﻹʲô

˱ѰֻҵһɫˮƵ˹ǡ
ĴѰˮҲһˡֻô޹ǣϰ˿ͣϢŴ򿪣С

﹫ӣ¡СЦ
һΣȫƻ֮ͨ£ڿ壬ֻⷿһ̶һ硣ֻüˡ

ٴοˮУˮ٣ֻһɫ沨Ư
䷽ţֻΡ

СЦС˵ˣѽֹӸ֮󣬻뿪ɡ
˵꣬һۼзɫˮͷҡͷ̾ۺð
һǸ޹ǣӴԺ½˼̰

һߣڸ¡
һΪѣһ߶ϲãǽˣ

ⲻϵǼʶ
ƾⱾ£ʲôò£αطҪҸϵӣ

ˣϳһ㣬Ķܺõġ
ȻΣҲ⾩ȨӢҲѹġȻѾһβˮɣͬҹ

ǿɲɣҼҳ档
ᵽ֣ԼóԾ

⣬ɲǸںˡ
ĸףʲôԣ

ڣӢͺϧֶŮ
ϧΪ⽣ڵһֱ
ΣԼܸӢĨڡ

ҡҡͷ׼뿪
ǿϧ˷ѣҪϵģָл쳾ڽӡ
Ц磺ˡ跢ģҲ
ӣҴ뿪ٹݡ

ϣȥһҹû˯
òΣȻˮ˺촽ȥ֮䶼Ļ㡣

˲ھۡݵĽ䣬ξҷƬɢ
òһ顣





99.  2200   ϲˡ

ھʮ£

һ, 緹Ծ
Ҳһ㣬æ, ֮䣬ЩϲΡ

һЮһӲ, ˰죬֪յ緹ʲô
ɻҲ˵, Զľͷ

һ͵ۿһۻŷ֣ô˳, ÿһƬָ׶й
ǵ, ԼӦͷֵġ
Ͼһ˫֡
һͻȻô롣Щ, ǰδ

ЮһӲˣʳ֪ζֱղųԵĹƤ
ޡæ³

, ʼ͵ͷЦ
һεҡȥһ񲿡
Ȼ˵, Īʲô

ɫ, δԹ, ҪȢ, ճ͢ơ
˵Ȣޡļⶼ, ȴһڣ˭㡣

ͷԷͻȻ˵лá
л΢٣⼸꣬л쳾˾ƵȻˡ

Ҳüͷβŵɡ
˵, Ҳ֮ףл쳾⣬ʧ

һлڡ
ֻǵл̫磬÷ʧ񡣡
ڳʧ񣬵ɲسԷа˼

¡л쳾ȻҲ⣬ʵȼļ̱лȻ߾֮硣
ɨһϵĲɫֿվһԵĻʣ⡭ǰ³ô

ֻõղЦˡſʣҲδţΪҲʢһ룿
Ȿֻһѹûл쳾ͬ⡣

л쳾ˣʵ൱顣
ȻлȻڼ˶£ǾͰˡ


ֱɣԼǲˡһҲʮ⣬̧ͷл쳾һۡл̩Ȼ

ѳڣջء
ֻ룬л쳾Ҳʢһࡣ
лһڣ޵зʶġ

з
ɨһ࣬ûпⶫ
Ȼǰл쳾ζޣֻЩб

ں뿪¶̨ϰȴǱ
л쳾࣬ȻʱĿζûиı䡣

˸¿ӣлչĪΪм
лֻ׼̣ƽͯԡ

غ࣬ʱСˡ
ĳգȻغ⡣

ֱԹ꣬˿
΢ЦŵлĳΪϴΣΪǰ˿һزݣһֱϡ٣ҩЧδлĳ밢Ϊת֣л

⣬бˡ
˵ˡݿдݲ֣Ҫ֪ҩԣһʱ̣²ɵá

л쳾Ȼ֪Ӵ﷨ȡһݣǵȻ˲ҩЧлĳ֪ǰпգʱϸġ
ӹݣ⣬Ҷת

л쳾ŵʵлĳʶ֮Спգʱӭǰ͡
ʶ𣿿ǸطҲطˡ

ͬ΢ЦվñֱׯȫȻͬص塣
лʢסˡ΢ЦŻش𡣿֮䣬ȷʵһϰߡ
л쳾ǰ¹ȥô꣬ʶάһ档

л쳾ͷת뿪
һֱȵţ˷һߡ

ͷսʳУֽӲɾ
ûضصл֮ⲻھƣһడ

ȲӣתҪߡյлᣬĪǰַ飬Ҳʶ

˵ģͬƽϡ
ƫƫô˵

عĬؽʳзŵϡ
Ȼŭ˿̻ǲһˣȴӲЦô˵ˣ

Դ֮ԣȻһл쳾𣿡
ʵ̫棬һֲԤСЦô⣿

˵ȻӦá뵽ġ
˵ףԼټ֮Ҳ䲻Ϻ˾֮

ڲԣ໰Ҳ޷ϸʡ
˭֪ô룿

˵Ȼ⣬Ҳˡ
˵꣬ת뿪

֪ã׷ȥѧԱõֵ
ܲ׷ȥ

ο׷ȥ˵Щʲôã
ҲҪĺðɣ

ط˼ȥֻл쳾ֱס
պò׼̤˾ŷá

磬Ϣ
ԺӹҴҸȻջͻȻҪѧ

ѧһ
ԺҲĽңµӣ̾ߡ

վֻ¡
Ҫߡѧ¶ˡ

øⰡӹߵԺòЩɹһߡ
Ժ߶߶һзңԺȻȥ£취ܵ

ӹҲ֪˹ϵһ㡣ǻѣǻ⽣ڣϾǧ֮ң棬ɾˡ
һѣµȥɣ

ӹˡһ鷿ⲽ
ڵȻǻڣԼ߳жѵܵͷﲻɣ

ԼĴˣ
л쳾´棬ЦӭȻΪʢ࣡
л쳾ðµҲ²죬Ʒ

ԽԽԼд
ʱั»Ҳǰ֪ԺѾΪѧ
һƻѧʰװ

ٹһƻѾһЩԺѧӡ
ڣҳֽʣˢ㣬Ҵдһš

䣡һȻڵѧᣬ
Ŀ֮ϣվڸ߸ߵ̨ϣ²֮࣬ȥã

¹ัӹţѧᡣ
ʱѧѾΧѧӡദû뿪
⡢ɳѺȰ֪ٱ顣ʱʮֵ䡣

ڴʱţ¹ת
ɤűʹ󣬻ãһ֮£ʱһǻŭϽͣЦôǼţ
˵ʲô˵ĻҪ岻𣿣

ԽԽŭȵﵹҪһʲô
ѧӵע£ัֻòżţ飡й˼֮״շˣһ·ϣˣɡ

仹Ҫȥһѽץȥ
һôһӣͷҪꣿ

ΧѧŴͻϣð죬͵Ц

ЦʲôȥȥȫȥŹš
ԱţչǷѾֽֽϱߣʷ棬ѾΪپ
ֻǿ棬дֽĵĻ

ֽСۺãղء
⣬л쳾ûȻҲ֪κͺá

ۺʱǽ¶̨ŲʣֱԼ侲
һΣõһֽǸ

һֽǸʱʹ˳͢⡣
鴫Ӣݶ˫˶У˶üˡǸҪ֮ύ
áϲˡ




100.     ⲻһ֡

ھʮ£ë

һ, Ӷ˸ףڣסˡ
õİֽ⿪, ׼ĶŻԭ

ߺ˴Ӱȡȹ, ƽƽعҺá
عͷͼһޱ, ĬĬ¡

˶˵ĬĬѧᡣ
ԭλڴӻﳶһŵӵݵֱߡŤŤŽӹ, ʣʲô

ͷһ, ⵥһżҲ嵥, еʮϸ
£Ƹ, Ƚ㿴ұס

Ƹӣ𾪡
Ȼأһﷴʡ
Ͼɹһ, ⶫİ, Ц֪ĻΪǳ֮ĵǼǱأƸòЩ

˵罻, к𣿡
ߣӷ˼, ȻʣĹ᲻ûӰɣ

ðһü, ͢ṩĸСˡ
ϲǳ֮ҾͰᵽĹסѧôƣÿ»أ

С
Сʲô͢ë޶ײ޶˸߲ҵ㡣
˾ʲô͢ë, һһ壬֬ࡣ

ǡҪǳȥסլӣˣ⣬ȫšͦæģпաˡ
˵Żϡͬ齱ߣҲǡ

˳ƽŸ鵽ϣʳסУ͢ӣǲ
üûϸ㡣ס˾࣬ȷʵûлӡ

ǳ͢ð̾ڴԺѧӣҲͿ๦ߡһһְְٰɣ

˵ְĽϣɹǣˣǳ͢ѡιƶɭϡ˾ְܻҪѡ
⻹һ仰£

˿ԭģؾǹء
ֻõְԺʲôְжٺ»

һᵽ񣬼˱ʮࡣ
ΣְԺ֮һӡǡǵΣǱ㲻һˡ

ᵽΣ˶Ƭ̣㾫һ
һиϳϢү֮ơ˾࣬͢ҲؽˮǴߡ

Ȥʣ˵ܸ͢нٺɣ
û˵ֻǵ뱫˾࣬˾λءʳסУҲȫ˾ฺԵεֻ಻١

һ£һŭҲ˵ÿװ˷ʮӣһ˷ʮꣿ
һЦһһһ£Žס

˰ɫ࣬ʹе뽫
˫֣ҹͬˣο˾࣬񶼽һ¡Ը⣬ұ͢롣

ǻʲôԥģ˼૵벻ﾹȻҲгԳ͢ٺ»һ졣
ŽţòŵɲլԺūֻ̫ͣª

Сһӣ⣺ЩǰԼסطִ塣ףҾһССķһ̧ͷܿԷ

ǰִ壿ü̫Ļ
ֿȥĿ˶ɣյǮ˾ཫǮĵطɶأ

һ뵽Ŀܣһ׼ʯ
ֱ۵
һһ𣬺ܾû˵

һ󣬻ü˲һʣʲô
˵Ӧ÷˵꣬תʣأ

룬Ժÿһ۾ܿ㣬һһҸ¡
ס漴ͷй⣬ǳֻӨ˫覡һ˫꣬һ

һﲻ֪Լʱȥ֮΢΢һеȻȫ顣
͵رͷſ

վ½ֱͬѧȥ񲿣֮¡
䣬߳ѧᣬ񲿶ȥ

ߵſڣſŲҴҡ
ˣǡ
ʵڰ
˰죬Լδķ

񲿣׿˱òС
ǵĴˡ

׿ȻЦӭ˵ģ¹ٵѾϱֻȱҵȾΪˡ

»δȻѾȵĽ
׿ֻίŵȥ
Ѿıˣ

˸ʰ磬ֻǵǱٹ
׿鼸άֲסϵЦݡ
ʵûбҪ
˾ǺＱҲס

磬˾ഫϢҪƸΪԺ˾ѧ
֮ԶκҡϢҡ

ְ͢˾ɽ绢
͢ȻҲӴ¡

ĹԱ˾һֱΪС
Ψд£Ҹ֧֡
֣ͬҰ㻨ڡ

ʮһֱ
һʵޱȣÿÿ֣ڰա

εӣó͢κζԱշ
κʱֵֻ֡
βޣ

ѲҪίڳ͢ˡ
ϢүӵõϢһûʳҲòĶȥ

͢£ȻҲҪٰһ
һֱԲĬĬĻʵʦ㣬ȻҪΡ˾ѧͽҡ

ΪðҲĿⳡʢ£͢ϾϽ̳̨պɱΪδҡаսܵ
һʱ֮䣬ղ෹󣬽̸۴¡

ڡ
л赱һֱڿޡɽ죬޸ӭһλϡ͡

Ǹ²ˡлϴŲЦԶչܲɡ

棬Ϣү̾һʵΪѣ鷳档
ʲô棿лӣǸûʲôõϼһˡ

ϢүӵҲͬӣͶЧ֮͢£˵ˡ
Ȼ˵ˡлΪһյ裬Ҳ徻䶼Ƿ¡

ϢүӵβͶЧ͢һ壬ò״ˣͬˡô꣬ҲΪҼݣʦ޿κΡ

л赶Һͳ͢ĶԹԹȤ˵ףθɣ
ǹҧһëˡ

ƽ볯͢޷ǶΪա̸ˡ
ϢүŭȴǴЦ˵ЦˣЩ̸ɽģҹҲȷʵ̡Щ꣬ҪɲҩϢҲδ

δл赺ãڶҵı꣬Ҳǡ
Ϣү֪Ǹôˣ走һΣôԺڶҵı꣬Ժˡ

л΢֮λҲء֪Ϣүµһĳŵ
ϢүӽķӦ֪ĶЦ˵͢˵ΣֻҲҪʵˡ赲֪ɣΣѾá֮ﲻʢúܡ

л赳ãΣ
ϢүӵΡֻҪһɣӴԺϢΪڡΪɲݣȡκαꡣ

ϢүεĿۣʵ̫ˬˡ
л赶ʼĶһϢүֵֻǴ£ҪлϴϷȥǸѾͷͱлȡ

ллȻҲס
л쳾Ǿͬµġ
̾һ쳾⺢ӣ̫񡣡

Ϣүӵǡô£ô˵ˣ
л赶յԶ

֮ϾϽ̳
ԭǻʼȷ֮أѴһ̨

·շ׷׸֣Ϣų֮ʱڴ˵ءֻΪһõա
Ҳкģ׷׸Ϲ
֮ϧӳЩˣǱȻҪġ
˵ףξˮ𡣴ֳҲ

һգʦ˶ΧΧ˿͡
Ű׻˾ĺ֣Ѳء

ĶأȺﾡѯ
û˵𰸡
Χͷܶʵۻҡ

ȵ˼ʱ׿ġе׻ꡣ˾Ĺ

ᵽθƽ
ԾĴֻһõΡЩȽڣ⡣

ͻһۣԴźɴñʵ񡣵ʦ㲢δ֣ȻҲٶ˵
ݵλԶΪ

ļرʮ߳ȵǷ
ڣһ

һ·߳͢ᣡ
ˣշ׷׵

һһһﲽϸ̨
ǵΪС
˽͵Щֻ²֪˶Σգ¶Ҳá

Ȼ½⣬Ȼɣڵôʵô֪ǲǵΣĪǳ͢ð˼֮ץʲô˹
۷׷ףȻŵһ˸̨

̨֮ϣһŻۣͷڡüĿ֮䣬ϡǻʵʦ㡣
һ㱻Լ½ǰ
ˣĪϤ

˿̣ʦ㿪ڣ羪װڻը죺
ϤɫֽգĪ̽Уס֧͸Ĳ룡

ǰΣˣȻǻʵʦ㣡
̫ɻ󣬿Ǵʱ˵أȴǽ֮

ʦǳǳһݣй
ʦҲ֣Ц޵סֿʮΪΪʹ֣֮δҰ֮ҵҡ

˵꣬һ̧֣һңϡ˾ѧĸ֣財
ٶʩһš

ʵۣкιŹ֣
Ϊ֮Σ

ͻȻһƷ磡
һŭȣ˶һס˵Ĺơ̿Ͷס

Ľ
֣ڵ߽

̿͵Ľȴʮͨ
һ֮ٹСܿϳ˴˵ʽл赣
ʵ̫˽ˡ

ȻлйʮҲǴһ
ΣʹڵžҶԼʽָơ
ɣѾԼݣ

̨°Ѵ󻩣͢Ѿ̿ذΧ
ʦ˵һߣȻעӳС

л赾ս£һë
ĽͨķԸ˻Ľ

ĽҲؽ¶ɡ
Ȼһѡ

һŭȣȻһƣ֮Уͷ¶ɲ
ħ飡

ֳа
һˣͷ˹ͻĽ磬˺ҧ䣬ɴñ飡
ɢ¶¹ݡ

շ׷׾
ӽֿԽԽࡣ

ˣҲزʱлаԶû
Ϊβ˾޴
ѵֻΪл쳾壿

벻ףҲûжʱȥ롣
ħ˽⣬ʵ̫ˡ

֧穣ֱȡ
һͬԵУѹ

ʱ˴Ӵ﷨ȡһѹһ֧ɫļ
乭׼л赣һƣ

һƿէƵ죬ƣâɢ
ɫ类ˣ

ȻħСöࡣ
⣬һûʲôκε

󣬶ǰл赳˰ҲپսתҪڴʱϧӳƵҵΧ£
һʱ֮䣬Χ

л赿Զʦ㣬͵һȣɫ͵ɢɹţ
ɢΧ۰ա

ֻýԱˡ
лųΧ裬Ӷȥ

ʱȺŭȣ㾹Ȼðƭ͢
վδŭȣ˷Ӧ׷ȥĿ

վڸ̨Եһۣɢ
ǺϧҲ㶳񣬺ð죬֮ŭѾͷôĵӣðͣ


֪л˶ٱ顣
еΣӷǾزɣ

ϧ𣬺ð죬ǿһЦ̸ʵҾǵΡ
ϧδлȺϢүӱһҵ峤˶

˵ǵΣϢү䣬Цֱ֮
峤ҲųЦ

ʯǵҿ˾ûҵΣֻҸѾͷð棬ʵ۱ɣ
ɳԭҲתһڰյҲҪѾͷƭˡγʮǰѾͷŶѵ꣬һŮޣѾΪ𣿡

Χ۰ûд𻰡
ϾҲԲ׼

ϢүӸǽֱָϷѾƣ㻹𣿡
⼸ˡȺˣþеԡ

վñֱɨȺϣλǵΡʮǰǰϾѧ˾Ժռ࣬ҲɢһʱŻΣ֡

ƽʣʲô֤ݣ
ʳ֮£һʱ֮䣬ĿͶ

ߵһǰִһ֧̼ʡ̨ڰɫһ
ӹ弲ǰ˰Σ⡢ǵķǩ

ǩһʦıǡ
ǽŽɣýģǰϸð죬˵ùӣȷʵ˼ҵķǩ

ԽԽ࣬ٿ̨ˣʱĿ⸴ӡ
Ӵ﷨ȡһչ֮󣬵Ͼլʮǰ

Ⱥⷿһɧ
ɨȺλңҲҡԳ̻壬壬࣬Ծ𢡣ֲɢΪ١գὫͶ˾࣬Ƴ¹档

һ㶣ܿ죬Ƕ֪仰ζʲô
һ˲֮䣬ȲɽХ

ܵȺȴڴġ
˴ӵɡ»ؼңⲻһᡣ




101.     ʺ

һ£

ξǻ, һϦ
֮һΪ֪ģеͶ͢Ϊ˾˾˾ѧ¡

, ϲأ档
͢, ȷʵˮǴߡ

ٺ»˿Ӽ㡣͢Ըһٺ, 棬ɳ͢߷ֳɡ

ǩԼʱδʶԼΪһľ޸
޸, һص˾, ͱԺӹ׷һ١

ò״Ժӳ, ŭ֮
ۿҪӳ˾࣬ϧӢס

󼸷ʦ, ֮ӹһԹӢɨѣеءʺ˻ƨɡ
һӵĺϧ˵˾䣺áø, ԡԡ

˾༦ɹ, ء
л赺л쳾Զ, л赵, ΪʹĽ
л쳾ڲ顣˻֮Ů, ɲڲԨԴĽһ£ȷʵΡ

л赳ĽڵĽָơΪ֧״ӡ
л쳾ӻٲ֤

˵⻰ʱ, һл赡һ£ͻȻԻ֮˹עҡ̶չ¶Ľ

л赵ʱڳȴ֪
ǹŹ֡
л쳾˼ͻ쳣Ҳδԡ

л쳾֤ȷʵûаϵ
걻ϧ򸾽ߣҲδ⽣ϰڵȥϾԺ

Ϊʹڵ߽
Ҳ޶־飬ΪԵ֮ѹϢ㣬֣
л쳾о񼣬˵ĹŹ֡

ھǵġʺ֮Ҳ̡
͢ڻһ׵£ûκ谭˼
ˮﰡÿӣ

ԣܿ͢µ񲿡
ͱߵͷƤ飬һӵ̱׼ȫ⽣ס

һһ˵⽣˾֮䡣
ҲûţΪӼ¿ʼ͵һһͬޡ

ϾЧ⣬ׯϡ
ϢչӢţӢ֪¡һһʮˣӻǵΣƭһڳͷһ¡

Ϣ
ĩӢѯǷ񷵻⽣ڡϾǻĸסףӦڳġ

ϢŶЦ֮ţȻһ˽
Ϣһ
Ϣ̧ͷȥ統ͷһԭء

Ϣүӡĸס
ϢվϢүվϢϷˣҲϢĸס

Ϥ³ǰϢú¡
ʱ鰡֮ʱҹŮǲµǧС㡣ط꣬ǰתǧأ˷ǡ

Ůô꣬㻹֪𣿣ϢүԱߣϢϷȴȦ
ϢϷ̾

Ϣǰ󻺻վס
ӢеݣһγԺ
ǵΣʦ֮ӳס

ϢþȫԼᡣ
Ŭվֱסĸףôˣ

ϢϷ̾㿴סʲôطҲûһͻƾôҲˣôԼĸף
ϢĿʹ˵ܺãŮԼϲ徲ûٹˡ

ϢүһԼģҪŻǸ¼һѿҲֻܹԼ
Ϣ׽ѵǡꡭŮǳ

Ϣүŵˣô꣬Ҳ˽ѵʰװȥɡôҲϢҵŮסʲô
˵꣬תֻϢԹͬȥ

ȻϢãЦףŮѼ˸ٻҵĵܺãŮͲͷ׺ĸ׷ˡ

˵ʲôϢүӴŭϢϷҲȰѵô꣬ԵĿ໹ʱ㻹Ҫ游ĸ𣿡

Ϣ¸ףҲ˳ĸס
ԭ˳һˣܻƻ˶¡
ʱֱһδ˼

˵ظסĸףѼƼңǻƼҸ߶Ÿ֣
ϢϷֱˣҵŮôôͿҲΪĸ׵ˣ֪ŮҪ⽣ŵƽʣ㿴˭λĸף

Ϣ̧ͷԼĸ
֮˵Ҵûʶһĸס

ϢϷ˺Ĭ
ϢעǰܾǰҲڼ޸룬ǸкҲܾҴδʶǸĸסڣ֪

ΪΪĸףԲٻϢҡ
ȥֻϢƿء

ЩҶû˵
֪£αطҪƣ

ϢүЦԭΪԹ˿ͷЩ벻ޱֱɾҩ
˵꣬һӣˣȥ

ϢһǰҪˡ
ڴʱһϢүҪţ

ϢүӺϷ˶һͬʱͷֻ⻺һߴ˶
Ÿã𵶣ﻹһֻҺСè
è̫С̫ߴʵΥ͡

䣿Ϣүӿһֱŭ
ߵϢǰֽСèݸ
è̫Сˣÿ

ϢæʣôСӺε
ڵġϲιš
ϢӦһҪΪСèҵԵġ

Ϣүһˣʮʱͷ𣺡㾹ֹ򣿣
һϢүӣҪ£뿪ݹֱĳ

ңϢүŭϷǰŮθɣһİӣ˽ŮסΪ
ΪԹҨһˮȺڣŵǱĳɾҪϢүӿΪˣ

˵ֱ꣬ǰ
ϢүӴԸϢļūĶ֣

½Щ˴ڵأȻϢүӰˣץ˰׻˾ĴǿŮ
ϢϷ˿ء


Ϣŭǰ˾˺öء
ϢڵׯӣǼ˵ĲҵϢүǿץˣȷʵҲռ
ˣ˻ǿ͵ġϢһ֣ɱǸ

үһ򣬼ȲֲҪ
ǸʲôҪ
ϢүѪȻϢȴǻָ

գʱϢӢš
ֻɫСèϴɾȻǰɫԷˣ˯Ϣ

ˣڹšϢһ߻ţһߵ
һȥʢ

Ϣдʲô
ȵԹ֮󣬱үֳ񹤡ˮ԰ϢԱ߿һ󣬺Ժͷһǣٴһ

үӦһֳһʯ
Űӣһʯͷף䤱һ仰˵

ϢԺУ̿һϲ
СèںϲһǣʱСȡ

Ϣһһߣͷϲá
ǸѾͷҲҪء

˾ࡣ
ͼһ˫ļΪ˴ͷΡ
˾ȸ˾ı߽٣ܲǮͲǮ

ӢΪ׼˷ļױͻƾҹΪ¡Ҿ߶Ѿˡ
Ȼ󣬴ҷֻ͵һﾹȻլ

ӢҴҸϵ˾࣬ڸѥӵĻһߡ
ĸ
ӢĴ£ôܲլأ

ĪǶ۰˵ˣסڹ᲻ûǮ
ͿɣӢЦǹᡭ಻ţ
ģɳ͢ṩ˵ˣСˡкβ㣿ĸͲҪˣ

Ӣ죬ƺͣ˰죬˵ˣҲǻ֪ġ
֪ĸҡ§СԴͷ

Ӣʲô취
ֻõ㡭֮ǻ㿴լӰɣɵӣ

ȵ׵ԽԽҲ⽣ڴޡ
һ죬⽣ȴһλϡ͡
лٴεš

ϧӢһͬͣԭţҪޣ֮ǰ׵£㲻ˡ
л쳾ȻΪ˵ãҲֻһͬ

л쳾ڿλ
ƮȻһݣ־ɣձСŮӴϲ֮գǰȱˮưɡ

⺢ӡ
лʲôӢͺϧ𶼲ֱӡ

л쳾Ŀʹлȼֽ֮ӹӦá
Żϲл쳾ķӣӦû治١
ˣʵһ󷽡

л쳾սУšηˣǰ˽ⰢĽϴһۣлĳ뱾ڽΪơʰ˽֮

ЩǣֻѩɫУָĦһ
Ҫˡ
ʺ죬ƺ

΢Цţ¶һºŵݡ
л쳾ûʸʧˡֻ侲ȻĻ




102.  2200   ô

һһ£»

л쳾Ľһ£
ϧӢʱ, һ
ԼҺ̫гϢЩæ£˵ǰ¶ˡ

עл쳾, ð£˵Ρʱ, алΪʦĽ֮лԴڡ
⡭л쳾ü, Ȼš

ӢͺϧҲš
˹֮£

л쳾УҰ, аʦͽԵ֡
л쳾ס, ε, ʵڽš

ǵġɡʵȷʵˡлסڵҷƵҳȥԺ䳡һͩͩ, ͩҶƮƮһء

л쳾վΪϲ, ұصΪһ衣, 鰸ߡ
콲ڶε龰, ʦͽ֮Ե, ʮϸ¡

л쳾Ա
һ, ţҹ

л쳾ţһá
кѣϧҲʮֺ棬룡

Ŷˣһ·Ժؿһƽ̹֮أרŵϰ
л쳾ĽιСɶ֮Ĭ, ԶԶ֮⡣
ȷţĽ״

ţΪʵ㲻˵ѡ
л쳾ȷаʦͽ֮Եϵ±л쳾ܲµģܡ

ʦ˰ɣ˳ƺ
л쳾ֻԺһƬҡˣ

ʣУҡֻǴǺʱ£
ʼ׷ʱϸڣҲһ˵ǣ԰꣬ɲһμʼ

ϧӢһۣж
л쳾ʣΪô꣬δͬ
Ϊ֪лҲٰ㻳ʣ𣿡

л쳾ĬȻ
벻Һõգ־һΡл
ãл쳾ڵôΪεҪܾҵȢأ

ֱʵóڵĻ
ȴǵаգҹϵӦø׽𣿡

⻰úϧ򸾶ԵΡ
˼Ƭ̣ڽҪѰҵһమİ£һˡл쳾һЦǲͬġ

л쳾˳ĬȴתֵлܹҵĻôһһ£ͬ˵ֻǡҪȵҳ֮󡣡
ڱԡл쳾

ЦڲУó֮󡣡
ôȵ֮󡣡л쳾̧ͷӭߣЦᡣ

һ̣л쳾룬Ҳһһ㣬Կ󡣻Ƿı⣬ҲӻڣٵȺһ
ûС
͵һԭǲһġ

º󣬼һ˾ѧ˻ס
͢ⳡʮӣ̶Զ⽣ڣǧӭ

һѵĻҧѪ׼ϲǡϲǮ·
ҹͱӢױϴ
ƾļױһһ顣δϧһѾкͣһһ̽ӭ׵Ļε

˶æòɿ⽣һƬϲ졣
һϣߵúĽ
ȥӭҪꣿ˶ߵĹýԹ

ǹýϲģɹĪҪżϾȻ·ˡ˵꣬죬ôףһοＱġ
˵⻰ʱ벻ϾͻＱӡ

˶֮㴵֡УȻһ·С
㴩ݹ⽣ڡ

̧ͷǱıʱĶڶ
ǵȵ˽ա

Ȼʱ⽣ڴŽգͬƾţڡ
δδ÷򣬿֪ӭ׵Ĺô

üкιأ
ϧӢЦۣϲӣҲɵ֡
δ޷ɣǲԨ֮ˡÿ㣡

˽ͳķַŻȥüԭ׼﷨벻Ȼֻ顣ˣǱɣ
ֻһŴ򿪡

δ⡢ֵʲôģԭҲôҪ
ֵܶķҲûƾһȻʼĵΪָ·


һ·лַϲǮ·˳˳˸Ժ
ϧӢǰ˽ʮָп
ʱŶôһ㡭ӢŻ֣ð˵֮󣬾ǴˡҪϧּҵٵƤ

ɻʵѾǵϼ¡
һγ֮ʱϢֻڵƸŮŵҫ䶣̣

ڶΣ֪Ȼ档
ΨһΣӢ֣һҪĸо

һԣϧίίҲҲҪءؼҡ㡢и֣ԡԻ桢
˫޶˽գòŵ֪ˡ

Ӣ֣˵ĸûǲ鷳Ǻ
ҡҡͷ´ͷĻʲôޡ

ߣӰɣӢǣż
һվſڣǸһ»죬ͬһֺգſ˫֣ӵԼ̫

ɵһǣţ˻Ρ
ϲַһϲǮıУα̶̧ӴϾȥ

ڽУͷһǣ͵
һϣֻԼһֱıӰ

ȴ纬һǣ˵Ļϲ
һڼ޸

͢·ǹΪҫⳡӭĳرࡣ
һ·ϲͬһ

ߴ˼Σϲѽģѽܲˡ
ʱ򣬻εĴһǣСֹȻܲˣҲȲѽ

Щ̶ȴҲЩΪģ˸ôЦ
ϲҴܹЦôǿз½ѽӿ˵ˣ

պ󣬻Ͼ
ն֪ǵκͼ˳ɻ飬ֵԼΧ۰ա

̻ŻΣһ·򣬽ڳǣ˾ֱ࣬ӽˡ˵Ĺᡣ
˵ףϲﶼʵ̫ªˡ
СĶʢ£ֱʺ⡣

ȻˣҲû˸˵
ﶼ⣬ǽʲô

ö˺˺ơ
Ӧ

ڴ齱ߣִӺһŻɰ˿ǣ
ף֪յǮ
л쳾Ӧûɣ

ǰԼƸţ
˰죬Ҳû˵ףʱǮҲûĿڴˡ

һʱڼӻ˶
ͺЦ֮ɼҲҪˣһ˷ţ

ֱĺУҲɫ糺졣
˸һ

˺ֲɾ˫ļ磬תĸͷ񣬶ҡ
˺ͷ΢һǧ

ҡ˰죬ҲûѰʲôôʣֻõˣ˯ɡ
Ҳֱ̫ˣߵòУӵסֻܰ㡣

һ̣·Ѫѣ԰Ķ
ϼشһ£ʣǽ˶𣿡

˫ֲУеΪ˸£֪ڻһ
ڴʱС˵ʮйŶֻ

ͼˣ
⡢⡭

ð죬˸ͣʣ𥣿
ͷǼ
Ŀǳְ

֪һĹס˭ˡ
Ҫһٷȭء
ֶΣҲ

լӣլӣ
ȻģҹｲЦûЦأЦˣ
⡭ôʹޣ




103.  ڹ   书壬

һ£ڹ

֮ҹ, ˾ѧǽֽ
ֺֺЦȴ޿κΣһҹ

, Ϊױ磬һͬл
һ, ǵһν

һһ·ϤĹһ, һ֮﷢񼲱
Ŀǣ˵һ֡

Բǰ
ظð, ͻȻһ䣺ںʱ

һܶ, ֮ǰڡ
һ, Դϴμʦ㣬, 㰵Բ²˶ء
˭Ϊܴ͸Ĳ, ԼΣ

˺, ͨ, һ˾ѧ, λū
ŵһ, 

¶ˣǽϻ˸ֱڻ
һ·ϵھŲ㣬ʾ˹

ֻͬһһ⡣һģɴᣣֻʦƺжһ顣
һֱȵģ֮ͣ£ŵ£˾ѧǰлˡ

ʦ㽫, ɡ
ɴһŻ߽ȥٶȲΰݡ

ʦȻһڰĵۣ˸٣ȥʿ
˾ûϰ𣿡ʡ

ûޱȷţԼ֮ˣȷʵ
һ΢ϰߵġʳޣЩ

ʦЦһƣһףѧỤˡ
һ㣬Ȼ桪ûм䣿

³ֻ࣬ҹΣʱ㱣ѷ١л
һﲻ⣬ʦȴκð˶ϲΡߣΣηأ

ӣȷʵ֪顣
иǺ棬
ʵ棬гһǷţ

ǵһﲻţԼ֤ʵ
зңʦȴлЩؼҡĩβȻһ䣬լȥɡ


ʵۣ㲻ȴʲô֪һ
ŵһҲƵĳ
ֱգųһ

һʣҹΣΪҲ֪飿
ֱۣЩԺ˵ѽլȥɣһ뵽ҪٻعᣬƤҪˣ

լӱ
ЯˣʼլԺ

ڳйͤͤʾ

ǵլӣҪϱͨ͸徲ˣ˾ضãڳҲ̫ˡһһŵز鿴լûʲôãǿǮ

ȻָһŸʾլԭͶҾԸͼ۳ۡ
۾һӣΣͬߣ

»һ·￿ڳǻǺӡǺͨˣϻʮ֡
źӱ߶С´δʣ̡ɴ˶Ҫڵһϡ

˻㣬ǻ顣
һˣξ壿

ڴʱлӡһ˷׷׺ãҪˣ
󣬶ͣ½ŲӰʯȥ

ȻһһˮأѾб
ٽĻˣҲֻõˣ
бۿҪУϵ˿ʼˮĻΡ

ֻдϴԾɿأ
ɿ֣ҡ

⣺㻹޴
ʲô޴⣿˻ΣᵯһԹԡ

ۼ£һס˺гΦˡ
󣬼ֱ̤࣬

һĨɫϵװ壬֪˵ʲôϴͻ̵ȥ
ȥ˴աΧ۷׷ףû̺ʹϴֱ˺Ϲʲôղλ˾ˣ

һΧͣ
Χֻ׷׶êҶװϣŲ©ȥ

ԼӣбϴǣϴѾ޺ˣ
һߵˮ̶֡ȫλشϡ
ĨɫӰӴ߳վڼװϣĴ﷨һһСںϡ̤С˷ӱߣĻ֡

µ̰ƮƮҡҡڴС
˺Ǽ͵𣿡
˷һ˻ӻ֣ǻӦΧȻһǸֺ

ףӵģҲµġ
Һõһ˳£ܿܿȺ

գһѾһٷˮ
ҴȷʵѾ©һ˵˾ƵһұϿ磬¿ˮֻǳΡ

˵꣬ʣΣ
˵ҿ
ЦֵҾսšš°ڵˮҾҷ

˵ǫˡ˵꣬óµķ׼Ѻɣ˵Σμͬ齶ߡ
϶ͣ漴ʣȻأ

˵Ҳ˵ҲܶΪҴ¡ϴΪԡ
д£üʣΪβԡܶ
ص

˵֪ҵʱʵһֱʷҰײף
µķ鵽һߣսĿꡣżˣᴥԼ´ʷҵϸϸȳ

˳ѩ׵ľ΢ƣǡҿɵϸ
˵꣬˲š

СˮƮζ
桢ϸϸһ˺ü飬Ҳûܸһ𰸡
Ŀ֮Դ硣һʱ֮ƮȻƺˮ֪ںη

Ŷߵˮˮʱ⡣
ζĴաļһҵһС
һⳡΣǲˣòãࡣ
һûлشأ꣬޴

ڣ޸
лϣһ̺ϸĺһһӿգԺһƬڣ֮״¶ƺҪ˺ܹһС

һں
̺еĺ̽ľ

л͵۾Ǻʧ
͵ڵءֻȻһ죬Ľ
Ⲣ޵ӸڣһƷ˴ϰ

һûõƤңͷ鿴Լ壬ȫӶ
ǽϣ֮ĿУл쳾ɽ⡣

֮㣬ڽƣҲھͶ㡣һһ̤磬ԡ
л֣Ŷ֮ĿͶӰᴥò૵áá쳾Ϊʦǡ尡

֮Ŀ֮л쳾һߣһ¡

ˡ
ʦ֮ӡ
벻һȻŮӻܾԼ˿ʲô

˵Уаʦͽ֮ԵǷд£
У˼顣ޣĽ

Ųʶһ·޸δͨʹ
л쳾ٲڣлԶ

лʣѾͷĽΣ
л쳾ֻ˵ʵʵ˵
лߣܽ͵Ϸ֮

л쳾жȻһ
лЦȻأ͵ʦգѵûڹ𣿡
Сл쳾ɣ͵ʦߣ书壬š

㻹ԥʲôл赵ȥ
л쳾񣬱Ͼǳ͢˾ѧʦ㡭

ʦ㣡лһ֣˲٣Цִڹ棬ʱҪʹ
л쳾ֻõǡ




104.  լ   зƲ

һ£լ

Ͼ, ڳǡ
͵һʧһһҹҪһ񣬴ƮԶˡȡ
һСصϾʱڲ˯

˯, ȥլӡһ
˯ԺҲû˵ʲô, ҵӦһ

һḧɢ鷢зؽ, ĪҪ´֪𣿡
һ˯ûҲ᲻ٳ, 봬ȥ

ʱ, һˡ
򿪴, ðԼ۾л
һҲԸȰ

л쳾ڴ⣬Ⱥ˲֪áʱ, ΢΢ˡ
ȡ͵ش, ʼ޷ѡ
ǰ״, ǰǰ, ݹʺ

, س, С
л쳾ŵڹ棬˽͵ʦѧߣ书塣ǣ²ѧյ˵

ôһ˵ˡ
˵ִڹġԲԣ

л쳾ʦȷд⡣ȻҲҪࡣ
Ҫ˽, ǱٺòˡСһ࣬лؽ˽ġ

л쳾һԾˣл˵
ʲôл쳾˵⻰ʱü

һ仰֮ǰл˵ԣͩڶʮǰĩʱѵĸĸɽ֮⣬Ƿ񣿡

л쳾ʲôܡ
ţһ΢ĩС£Ҳܾע

ԣĸ磬ںϸϸ
л쳾ͩ³һͬ£ͩˮ֣丸ĸѡף丸ĸʵԹֻýһɽ֮⡣

ʱǺ£ǡл赽أ
ĸĸȻҲǲġ

ǶԷ򸾣н⾸Ů쳷
˲ûжǳģ⾸֮쳷Ϊ˽ϴ첹ա
Ƿݣл쳾δչ¶ͷǵʱ쳷Ҳϲ

˵ͩΪ֮磬һֱܹա
ҲרΪ⾸ã൱

һпûκ⡣
л쳾ԣкο֮

УΪ˸˽лרȥһͩ
л쳾סȻҷ֣ÿĵӳɸǴ¿ʼӸճӤʮ꣬©ͩҲһ

л쳾һʱĻ˵³ô£;ڵĵԣ
صǡʸǣܲѡӶﲻԣӦ类ѡڣŸĸѡ

л쳾ãż©Ҳǿܵġ
ʱҲ롣ɺ£ӳɸķΪɢҿͩ˼ַ顣

Ϊ϶ص濴˽⾸֣һ꣬ȷʵǸӤӳɸûͨ

ôܣл쳾ס
ҵʱҲʮ𾪣˸ᣬἰ¡

أл쳾ʡ
Ȼͷ㱻ѵһ˵ĿԶǶԴⲻӦùʵ¡Ϊ𳤡Ƿǡ𣿡

ѧл쳾ȻΩΩФ
л쳾ס

ŵȻûãͻȻҵס˽Զʩ̻궨̡֮ұ޸ա
л쳾һþò

ҵڶ벻ͨ˭ܡܾãлǲţҲ𡣡
л쳾òʣ˵˵ͩӳɸķ

ԡȷн⾸򸾵֡
л쳾죬òŵڵķÿһӰ¼κһ򿪹ˡһӶ֪顣
΢òεЦЦлǸ׹ˡ

ˣȴл쳾ˡ
Լм٣Լ˭ΪαԼ

ֻʣȥЩʵ֤
ἰ࣬ǳ͢˾ѧһζֻǹл赣ֻл쳾Ӳš

ֻܵڵķӰла취򿪣Բԣ
л쳾û˵ȻУȥʹԼĶʦ˻ɡ
һУֻΪһŮӵļ仰

ĬֻõԾʵʵ֪š
Ȼл쳾ȴһ֤Ļ

סл쳾ֱһ֤˻м٣ҽ㣬ִڹ档
ʧЦܳ

ܳл쳾šü
ǰҪҲҴֲڡκޡ

л쳾ʳ䣺֮䵽׷ʲô£
ΪһʣΪΪν仰㶯ҡ

Ц̰ˡҵ
˵꣬˸ЩҷҪˡˣСǲҪͬˡ

ƺǸˣ
̡֣
л쳾תȥ

ǣһլԺ
լӺܲżӰڣߣǸµĺԺԺ᷿뱸̨ͤ䡣滹иԺ

ԺûôЩӲݡ
Ǹ£һֱͣԭţֻǸõض

˻ң뵽෽÷˻ϲ
һֿ䣬ĺۼʣǿھ

²Ŷϸˣǡүº󣬴Ҿò㽫˾ˡ
ʵϣһʣͥԺԭҲǸүΪͶ

̾˿⻰ʼ¡ҼүȷǾиԭЩƥ⣬ҲǺġүϥ¿飬ֱʮ꣬һӡһ˰䱦·ɣ»

һüԣ
µ˭֪Сүչգǲˡ

СʧԭҲһﲻΪ⡣
ǹµ˵ǡҼСүԭǴӲ˵ġҹڷ˯ĸӾһšĸһӾͲˡ˲֪ĸ֪Сүһ˵ĸαƽʱҲšɾô˯һС

ҡҡͷ̾һĴұˣۼȥȻˣʬҼү˼ɼ˵Сүھұ˽ݾԣӰҼү񼲷Ƕ龮

һʣ𣿡
µôûҼү˲֪ӣȫѶҼСүѩɰû顣ɾƾʧһ˵⡭

һԺӣʵɡ
ϾڳǣѲɭϡ
ִ£

С߲˶Զլﶼҹ
µĶԴѲϣ˵լˣڳҲǾߣÿһҼүɢҲơ֮󣬼ߵߣɢɢֻʣլӣȴҲΪҥԷ׷ף˼Ǯˡ

һͷд飬ȥ˾Ǯ
µľ˲ӣ

̹Ȼ𣺡ǰճɻˡԾɲ⣬һ䣬зƲơ
Ȼ

д飬ȴʼ¶
լԺ֮Уػأ顣

լľǧĻݵȵȡ
᷿źͯģ沩˹ġϻȻңȴҲɼ
ǺӻȥĶ

˾ࡣ
ջµĹǮһ飬дŰ
Ͼڳǣοһլӣֱ׼Ҳû

ϲ̵ظǮԱɨһۣԥ˾ѧլ
ȥȥȥҪլһءֽ˸Ͽ

ԱɳЦһ˾ѧʡβֱס᣿һҲûѡ
ʹŭĿ㶮ʲôСƨ

ʱʷ·
һҪŻȴһ̹Ȼʵ˵ͷǺġǵȵ˶֮ٳɡ

ɨһֽҲǻ⴦լӡ
⣺ôټҲ֪
ϾլǼү˵ҲǾ̼֡ҡҡͷһ͸ʧ˻ƵģҲ⣬׹ǣ޳

ٴο˿ϵ顪լӣֹɣ




105.     ҵ˭

һ£

ڡ
л쳾߳ɽ, Χӱߣʩ
鵭Ȼ΢΢ͷ, ֱɽš

˵£ΪʱվԶ, Ѿӡ֤
Լλʦʵ嶯, ãôס

л쳾ɲ֪Լ£ζʲô
Ҫ̽ԼʦһֽԼ, ϤĽ̵, ࡣ

лܳڶ
л쳾Ż񡪡ӭײлܳ塣

лܳҲɡʦֽ
л쳾, ϴΣ̨̳͢, ʦҡ

лܳ岻֪ΪͻȻἰ£ֻõ, , δȥֳ
л쳾ͷ, ʣأ

лܳס, Ҳл赼С, С󣬸ǱѰ
л쳾òŵ⡣

л쳾Ҳ鿴֮Ŀ
ǰ棬һ·ȥҷƵ

ʱ˾ࡣ
һȡүʧһľڡ
ʮϸүֶһһųɡɼٸ鰸ϸȻ, ˵ġүɢҲơһ١

ǣӾƾʧûκ
»һߣ˼ˣɵⰸӣùʹΡп͹ڡ޽

һһ򣬿Ѱ׶
»ٸŲԼҲҹ߶͡

أЦĿãƫ
»΢ٿȥֻнǼᶨ

һ￪ʼĴڡ߷ֳԽ֣ȻϾ
ֻһʼ

һգ׻˾ټ̸״ӣࣺ˵ڲʧٰգ״ֽ
һӹһһ⣬ϸ鿴

Ͼ֮أʧ׶֮
״ֽϵÿһ֣ľ

̸Ҳ֣ЩӣгԸҲƶҡ丸ĸ޲Ϊб谮ɶʧ֮󣬼ѶҲԴҪǮơ֡
һԽԽľǳһߣһĹմֳͯΡ

Ѿöûмһˡ
ֻǼÿնţԼȥʲô

ţ㲻ٹġ
ҲæۿѾ˶µף˳زȥԺѧӣΪ

ҹŰӣ鷿ŷֵһѾ
鷿߾٣һڿ鰸ǰڡ
Ҳֻ˵һ䣺Щ˯ɡ

Ӹ鵽һߣʣԶ𣿡
˻صöԸһڡ
ֹҲ֪æʲô˶һȦ

һ֣ͯʧٰң⣬һưЩɢ
˵ֻ˱˹⣬Լޡ

һЦ䲻˽ޣȴн޹ҡ
ôãΪޱˮΪϴŽⷦ

˵ܿȥˮ
ְֳҪģ㡣
ˮ굽£ڵأΪһȥЬࡣ

¹Ӱ谵Ϊ֮ʱŷϺЩطĥơˮճס
Ľš˺ֻƤ˺˿ڡ

˲Ϊ⣬ֻ̫ط
ˮմʪӣὫƤ룬˺ܾãֻӶ

һ˫ŷŵˮꡣ
¼˲һ߷鰸һ֣Ҫ¼˵ͷָⴥ˱΢΢̧ͷᴥָ⡣

΢ڹӰ΢鰸֮£˴΢ţẬסָ⡣
ֻܰҡΣ˵Ҳһ㣬ζЩٽҲһ̹


ٿ֮䣬һ죬룬˳֣ڵء
ḧͷһʱ֮䣬궼ȥ֪ҪԶ

»̸ʱ鷿
ˣ˹

һտڲԣܿ˳ȥ
мһյ裬Ȼ۰顣

ڡ
л쳾лܳһ𣬲鿴˻̵̳Ӱ
л赹Ȼ뿪ڡ

лܳ岻ף뿪Σл쳾С˵Ҳд̵ε
л쳾֪

ãи෨
лܳ岻Ϊἰ£ԡʲҪ֮޷ǾѧӵǼǣСÿĸǲԼ¼ЩδͨԵġŵ͹鵵ҷƵˡ

л쳾˵һǹͩ⣬ʮǰ¡ܳ壬ȥ޸һʱ䣬ǱǵãĨȥϵӰҪºۼ

лܳľս࿤ǲļ𣿲鿴δͨԵĵӡҲס
л쳾˵ȥһס⾸쳷֡

˵꣬޸ȥ
лܳ׷ͣס
⵽Ƿʲô£

л쳾ĽΥ
ֻһ·š

л֮лԪ
жɭϣ

лܳɱʱ䣬л쳾Ѿסл赣ŴҴѰǱ
ķ̫ˣΪҪҲ⡣
лܳѰͩ˳ݣҵл쳾˵һꡣ

Ҫʲô
лܳһģĨȥӰ

ϵӰһǶ֪
л쳾лܳģȻܹĨȥߣⷨͲҪδܡ

лܳҴҷķ
ʱ޸

л赶л쳾ĵϲ
Ѿͷţô͢ȻҲֹлִڹˣ

л쳾ʦϢŭĽһСҪ֪ĳ֣Ƿı
л赵㲻˵ף޷Ǽɫ壬²֡

л쳾ǽϣûж֮ĿӰ
̾ʦ֪ҡ

л赵̣ѵҪͶΪʦ𣿡
л쳾ʦӶһĪϤ

죡л赴ŭѾ޸һѵ֮𣬾ȻҪһ˲ɣ
л쳾ʦѵǡ

Ƕ˵ĹлܳѾĨȥ˷ϵӰ
ٷٲҡ

ֽҳݣܿ죬ҵӤӤ⿵С⾸ĸ쳷ޡԽ̭
ô£

лܳס
ھȻԽ⾸֮ԣҽ̭
ôܣ

л쳾ֱѡ֮š
ӤҲĽ
ǣǽ⾸֮ӡ

ǣл쳾ǽ⾸֮ӣ˭
лܳҴҽŻԭҲҶͣܿ뿪š

Լ֪ʲôܣ
в

޸л쳾л赶һò׳һ۾Ϳлܳɫ
лܳʲôҲû˵Ѿл쳾𰸡

û˵ѣԼȷʵɡ
Լ˭
ΪҪΪԼһݣ

лܳǿѹ¾ҵҲҲֻǸˡûҪƭ㣬Բԣ
л쳾û˵

ҲϣˣǻĻһһ֣ߡ
ҵ˭һš




106.     ħ

һ£

⽣, ϧӳƼ˾һҲ伮
ӳǼһﵽʲôаЩ, ͷҲޡ
Ƶɱ볯͢󡣶ܴ, ҲǸżʱֳ˸ĸ֣

ϧʱʱʱ١ơԶЩ
ǰƣһ߷飬һд, ٷҪƵڿ֮ʱˡ

λæòֺ֮ʱ»ͱ䣬ߵһСС
һŮҲʧˣӴ, Ůϴ, ۾Ϲˡ

һﱳ, ڴⲽ
ȴһȺܹͯͯϷ, ǡ

֮ĺͯΪε߶һңͻȻ漴, һ, ʧĺͯ, øĸ谮

⻰һ, »һ, ԣҪߺͯЩˣģǸ𣿶ʧĺӣǸĸļ⣬Ҫô, ҪôҲӸš

ֻһߣʲô˵ˣĺƤϸۡ
ัһۡһﵹǵʧٺͯҲԻƤϸۡ
ү˵żҲЩнġ

ั»ֻ

һ죬ͻȻܣǵķ󡣡
»ʲô
˰εϣڴˡ

ɺӶʧˣأֻǡ»Ϊк壬һϾϹ١ֻõҲá

ҹ䣬˾һ´ݾߣҲûжۡ
£Ӵ﷨ͳһัͷһǾȻһƷƷ˽֯ýϸʤ˿ᱡ·͸񣬼һһ룬𰵻

ǡัɡ
ڵ˳أΪ֯ס
ף
λัͬʱҭֱ첱ӡ

ۿҹɫʧȥͯĽҲ紵˵ơ
һƬžżȮͳ
һ糣

λัҲʼʵ˵鰸ô꣬Ҳûӿġ
ͷרע⸱ס

»С˯Ƭ̰ɡ
̫ܰЩӣʵƣ۹ˡ
һȴֻǵ޷

˵Ȼ
»͵һͬʱסڰ֮Уһﲻ̫塣Ȼ»̻סƺ׷ʲôèȥ

ү򣬵սҲŵŵġ
Ŀ棬׷źڰеһƺ

žɽ֮ҹȻΡ
Ϊǲܷ֡

ƿֵĺһ·ᳵ·ܿƮ˿Ĵ
ŵظȥֻ򸾶Ѿ˯¡ǺſڶϣڣѪһ˸

˿̣һֻó棬ѾӷŵһƣһƬ
ȥ״ã

ȵ򸾶޺ӿúˡ
ڴı俴˸ѵȴʱ

úƮһȥ
Ǻоһ·ɢ

Ҫӣ˵ȻҪ׷
͸ĵ⣬ҲǺ
ٴӴ﷨ͳһСƿһںʱɢӯӯ⡣ںڰͬһֻ޴ө棡

Ҫ׷٣ɾ̫ˡ
ัЦǼǡ

ัһ仰סĹȥ׷գ
ǣһ·ܻɽ֮£漴ʧˡ
ɽΡΡµˣɫء

⽣ڡ
Ρ䡢˽ʱһ·ǰƣʷϸа䡣
գϧСˣ

һչͷһֻаϼһֹħ飡
⡭Ȼɫ䣡

Ƶħ顭аħԻ֮Թʹϰ֮ԹʵʣáĪ֮ܵ

ͷƤ飬ӳţǰˣ
Ƶǧˡڵź󱲣֣

ϧҡҡҶ
ʣ˶Ѿ˼ƽа䣬һܣȻܶɱһ̻궨룬Դ֮аɢ

̻궨롭ӳ󿴿ϧ
֮һҵȻ뵽һطڡ

ƽŵһħйΪӵ촴ڡһʱ֮䣬ͶЧڡʼΪ֮ס
˵Ҫȥһڣӳ

ϧҡͷȥȥȥ˾˾
Ʋ˾ࡣ

˵仰˻࿴һۣ̾Ϣ
ӳϧǵǡ˹˼䣬ڱѾٿšǳ͢սֻҲ

ϧ͢СǮ
˵öԣ̶˾ȥ

ڡ
л쳾лܳԡ
һ۵ķ֮ա

Ǳ߶ĺͯ˭
˭ӵӢţ˫ǣ

Ҫȥһ˾ࡣл쳾
лܳü˾ࣿ
л쳾ȻбĻҪ˵Ҫһʡ

һ죬˾͡
鷿ϧ˸ո£ڵأ˵ˣлá

ллл쳾ϧ䡢ŶҲü
ȴ

һл
ĸһΡšˣȻҲ⡣

һ￴±ͣҶ˵
ֻõл˵ֻ޷ڡ

ʣлҪ˵ʲô
ŻǺϧֶŮѾϰ߽Լ֮СҲ⡣

л쳾ֻõ簢ԣȥ鿴˷ҵȷʵɡ
ԼɵгҲǸȡε˼

ȻΡšȴͷƤ顣
ƶʱñоƶˡҵȷ֣̳ɱĴ̿ͣùħ顣

ħ飿ĸ֣ڱ˿ܲ졣
ǣл쳾Ϥˡ

ǧǰʦүһ񲽣Ϊɱţӵڡ
꣬ħ޹л쳾૵

£Ҳֻ˵
ǧ꣬ʹŶԣҲ̫ˡ

ǣƵ
ףһ䣺ħ飬ǷҪʳԹʹ

Σл쳾ǡа䣬ʧʹڵĽҲû¼
ƵżȻ֪Ҳ˵

һʵҵ׷һ׶ʧٰ˰ɼԹҵһ·׷٣ɽš
⻰Ϊ¼һѻ

˵Ŀⶼۼл쳾ϡ
ϧʣллл
ƵлѵԴºͷ𣿡

л쳾ӣõλ̿ͽ֣ҷ书롭棬Ϊơ
һҧл赣Ϊû䡣в֤Լƾ޾ݣνͣ

л赣ͬ
л쳾ãһѲ׷塣
Ƶ˵紫˵У̻궨ôڣǷڣ

ĿʱУһλ˵еħܼһֻҲü˷ܼҹġ
л쳾̻궨ߣ޸

𲻾֮ǰ˵¡
˵ԼҲлʩ̻궨̣֮ʮ֮á

˵һѰңλһࡣ




107.  2200   ǷǸˣ

һ£֤

ǧǰħ, Ƿڣ
ħ˼䣬ѵӣ

١˵ſ̻궨ôǲҲܣ
ֻһ, ֻġ

һﱻħˣΣ
Լ, кأ

кá
ÿѶΪԼ

һ, ԼǲǾξѣ
Ҳܺá
ȥ̽ʦ㡣ֻúû, , ׷

˾ࡣ
л쳾, ˶һ
ʣ֪лҪڲ鿴

ôһʣֶüͷ
л赾ò, Ҳ뿪޸л쳾ҪڣҲһ׵¡

л쳾΢˼, ʦ䲻, ҲĶѡ, ˵Ҳһۡ
, Ķѣл赸, 嶯꣬ţҲԻԻһѰɣ

л쳾
Ц

Իʲôʹ˵϶볲̽
л쳾ʦδֻǻɡݣĪҪڳԡ

ԱƴԲ, λֻԻȻλɶ꣬ӹһֱӲʡ²ƭѡ

Ӳʣ˵ǾӣʱôӲʡ
Ǹð취еȱ¡
Ŀһ֣Զ

л쳾ˣʦǰ̽һϸѲ׷塣
ӳл赵״ӣ˭֪᲻ụӣ

⻰˵̫񣬺ϧһü
ƵлƷԸ߽࣬ԼԷġ

ӳ󷴲ѵ߽࣬Ҳ£ηģ
ϧĪĪĪлллԡа졢취áҵšŷ

л쳾޶֮ˣȻ֪λǻ𲹣Լ̬
λԣлĳסغʦлĳܴλͬУ밢֤ͬ

룬νȫ
˵޹ϸ𣬲աԸһˡ

Ȼл쳾Ȼܡ͢Ҳ
ۼִҺȥ

һﻹҪ˵صġлƷԣֵš
һʣֵţôлƷԣҲʦһ߽
ԣȻл쳾Ҳһߡ

ҹ䣬»һԻڡ
ӹǲ̫Ӳ¶˿̫а취ˡ

˴һССԲԲǽϣײ벻ͣ񶯡
»ͱ䲢ʲô
ǽڣԻػԲѡ

Ϣ»ͱ䶼һ
ֻϹͷôӲ
ô˰ɣ

ʱԻز£ڴڡ
Ȼл赽ӵϢ̴ϵҩԻڡ

һߣл쳾̷Ըлܳ壬Ե֮׷Ļӣȫ塣
л֪ܳЩл쳾ܲԾϸʡֻ¡

ȵ׷ȫ뿪
л쳾̴ŻҴڡ
ڵͽ׵Ӵ磬ɽ·Сл쳾;رս磬֮ĿҲΡ

֪ʱҲ飬ֱӽ
޸ĬһͷݷҰޣ˽Сл쳾֮н粢

л쳾ͳһͭһͭâӳһж͸
ɼ

һһ֤޿ɡ
л쳾ʦӴڴ˼䡣ﻹкλ˵

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л쳾üű󣬶١

΢٣һط
ͬһ·޸ɽȥ

ڣҲָơ
л쳾ǰȥĵطȴδ
Ķɺ档

л쳾һ·ߵɽͷȻһĹ
Ĺߴ󣬱ϣ׭һ֡һ񲽡

⾹Ȼһ֮Ĺ
л쳾ĹĿšãĽâˮ¡ȥϽ磬¶һɹ˽Сš

л쳾Ż˹УֱСš
ֻǰһ谵

ʱѾһʯҡ
ʯıڣ⡣
ĹѨУһ餡

һоǡһ𣿡
л쳾ǡ

Ҽǵãڽء˽
л쳾ǡ

ʣڣû𣿡
л쳾׷Ի췣޹ء

΢õл
л쳾Ŀʹð죬ءδذ»֮ϲ
΢ЦһϲԳ١

л쳾ĬãźȻܳΥ֮ԡ³ЩҲǿڲġ
Ĺл谵߲壬ǲСıֳġ

лʧˡ
л쳾˵һʵʧԡ

תȻˣɷ򿪹һ˵꣬Ҳ֪˾ʧ񣬲ֵΪˡ
л쳾ҲΪ˲֤Ϊѡ

˵꣬ժĹϵĳƣݸн⣬˵ҡ
˫ƣ˼

л쳾ĽٳϽۺƿնл쳾ӽ赲˷֯л쳾С
Ŀֻý⣬޷һϮѩ¡

Ĵ죬Ȼͬл쳾ѧհ꣬˿̲ʶ֮޾
ǰˣֱš
л赴ӺδΪǳ

˼֮䣬л쳾ƾһ֮Ƴʦһ񲽵Ľ硣
⽥֣ͣƿ餡
Ĺ׸Ǵ򿪣ð죬ڸȥ
ǣһ

һ֮Ĺǿյġ
л쳾һۣ˶˳Ĭ

׵׽ྻ¡
л쳾ִ֣һ硣

һģƿ磬װѣֳһ󶴡
л쳾ԾУԻ

ҲһС
֮Уһʯ

ʯ֮ϣƿԼ
ɢңл쳾һֻּ
л赵ּ

дȻεΣһаħ顣
һƿƿҡҡƮƮһƺ
л쳾˼ã밢֤֤һһ¼ޱ飬ȴһ˿

ûв廰֪һ̣л쳾жѹ
л쳾ϸ֤棬δκ©
Ż߳Ĺš

ʱĹѾվʮˡ
һۿȥİ֣ھȻҲʶ֮ˣк棬ֱл쳾λϡ

͵طӦЩˣȻѾõĳϡ
ûмɻ֮ʱЩҲδ֡
Ҳ⣬Լĳȷʵӭ

֮УΪ׵ǳ
Żüͷ壬Ž춯ҵŸ鿴˾ٺ⣿

л쳾λãһ£λ֤
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һﾪˣʮ϶ɫ
ðŵλ˭

л쳾Ʋ⣬ȴ΢΢󡣻˾֮壬ֻõ»λϡ
˼ãȻǵôˡ

л쳾ҲǵΡ
ŵԭˡһ޹ϸ𣬹ڴˣ

˸ͻлаȴԼ֡
֪δԣл쳾ֻõֶߣΪ֤

üˡ֮£ʱҪһ֮ˣǰ֤
⻰԰ֹô˼񲢲׼л֮¹֮ڣ

л쳾˵ǡֻǰִҪ󣬱ֻôǰҲҪλϡ

⻰Խͷһͷˮڴʱл쳾Ȼȵӣ
ţĪûӰ

л쳾Ѿһ
ڽ֮УһӰֱş̌һӣл쳾Ĵ﷨
Ŀл쳾һԣ׹Ȼл쳾ƣͷܡ

೤ŭһ̱Ҫ׷
л쳾һסˡ

ϵͻȻʱ׷׺ˡ
ŭ߳лʲô˼
л쳾עӸλϣԽأһߣλԽ˽硣򣬱ΪС

˵⻰ʱ֪ԼΪ˼
ڤڤ֮УǷǸˣһά




108.     ˾Ķó

һ£

л쳾סһڳ, תܡ
ѩͩ˿л쳾ߣЩԥ
ʮˣл쳾, ҲҪȻܡ

ǴҶһͣˡʱҪǱС˹, ǿѩϼ˪
ԽԽ
ֻǶѣ˭ҲԸԼϹͷ, ȥƴл쳾һʱѪ

һ·ӣ֣ȻȰл쳾Ϊһ֮, ѵˣл, ڹ洦ñɡ๣
л쳾֮, Ҳڹ档

ŭлĶʦ档, ԴԴ
˵꣬תͷס, ȥ׷ǸѾͷ

ǰ, ʮΧסл쳾, ҲǷ׷Ȱ⡣
л쳾Ľ, սһš

ۼʮһʱҲ, ޣҧ˸ǣȴֹ䣬Ҳ֪֮ǻ
Ҫ׷

л쳾ȻţͲ, ʮλϣҲǳ
Ľֵ

ѾͷȻ͵ʦѧգƾҲס㣡
䣬ͳ죬ڴʱкӰ

һʱüͷ塪л赣
ϻص˲Ǳˣл赣

һĹѨĽ类ƣԻ̱иӦ
ΪŽֹͷɽ£Ŵæڡ

ҲɣһڣͽסɽĻ
һ̳ɵõĺ£

лɫһٿָ֪£
һȻҪסл赡

ϾڵǰҲл쳾ʦ
аһδ棿

ٷϻϰа֤
лһ⻰Ȼ֪·Ѿ¶ȡˣԼ

˵䣬Ľֱֱ֣ն䡣
䲻ло֮Ҳñ֤鲻йԣлҪɱڣҲֹ

л赵ΪҪɱʵΪѡ
ֻǻϷڶ࣬һ͵зóлֵʮֳ

⣬л赻ûħ顣
õһĻͬȻԶ

ʱ˭
̧ۿȥ˶ס

ֻһˣһ˵һɽ
Ϊ֮ǵһ

˱ܣʱһѾ
ߣϧӳϡ

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üһл赵Ů˽ڣϷأѵãһʣˣ

δڣһлܳ棬˳ǰ硣ɵӲδ˵֮¡ֻȽͺ԰ʹ

˵Żһ
ӹֻȻ㲻١澹Ȼл쳾ּ

˵һһۣ֪Ǵ˸
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һǣ֣ȷδˣŷġ
㵽ϧ󣬵λѣգҷһ׶ʧٰһֱĴߡ󾭲飬ÿʳԹŵͬʱʱ̳ɱ˵Ĵ̿ͣʧаħ顣ָ֤档

ںԣл赴Ҫǰϧͬʱס
ϧȡǺԣβȡ˵˵˵꣡

ٿһȺһҲͷˣһ롣
תͷûл˵

˵ףĻʲôл赣
ֻǲԸһˣڵˡ

ץʱλΪֶŮ˾˾ѧҵó͢ŵţлǰڣл֤

ʱл쳾Ĵ﷨лдİǰʼѾϰаħ飡

˴󻩣
лŭһȥȻΣл赣Ҳ׷վ˳

ԻڵɷԼʦԻȰĪաȵʾ֤ݣ֤м٣Ȼ֤ס

ԻԻл赽ڹϵҲ
Ȱʵƫл赡

лôûó֤ݣ
ۿӴ﷨ͳһл走ȫһơͼǴ﷨ȴϧ裡

ʱһŭȣ뵲Ʒ磡
ɫתȻ£л롣ϷȥΪҽף

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л᲻Щϼһ˼Щǣں棬˼

ȻͷҲأֱ뿪
л赹ңˣһᣬӿѪ

ӹȻаȺʱһƬҡ
ԻЩӲۻ軨ðŲΡΡغ赣Щ궼Щʲô

֮Улһŭ졣ȸ֪֮־
䣬ֱ
ֺ޵õѪ˶£

ɫֱϮϧ
ϲϹȴúܡ
л赱һ˶Χ£ұΧתͷҪһһչɫ磬ڻС

սеˣҴڣл쳾
ãл쳾ѩֻѪۣδˡ

֣ͣȻоϣҲŽʹ¡ǵãǧͬϷɻ֡

л쳾Ҳ⡪ΪͻȻı⣿
ɻ󣬺ܿ⿪

л쳾ɽԶԶϧһƬ֮С
ϸϵһ

䲻ã˴£ҲֻõŸʲôлϰħʶơǰס
һڳϷӦҲѾֿ

ٲԥ̣л赣
л赴ʱħδɣôֵ֮ܵĴܣ

޷ʳˣȻתͷʼʳлԼ
һ֮֨˭

ʱлһȣȻл쳾
һʱ֮䣬ǰޡֻл쳾һ˱ذ

л쳾΢漴ֻԪҡĸ֪ʼģ
͵طӦʦڶᡣ

лЦһʲĹޣʱһֻᣬ
ֻл쳾ԽԽһʱ޴롣
аϾʧˡ

нȻתһҼǵһȡá㻹ǵ𣿡
һüɡȡ֮ʱͨ졭𣿡

Դ﷨ȡǰѺɡĿȴ񼣺ɡʦһ죬δʾˡε֪
Ȼ֪һʱлԪȡл쳾л赶˵Ĺ

ˣȾл쳾

һֻſɡһƬĹâɡ˱л쳾
ȻɡֻǳЧв

ȻȴԽл쳾
״ֻõæ
ʮλҲģ׷׽ע֪ĹŹַ
лѾסˣڣʧȥл쳾

֮£ܿ죬һ˿һ˿ɡлۣ
ɡתȻͨ죬ͬȼգû

ʱǵһȻȡĹһһ㣬עһ壡
һֻܽܡ

вĹֽУл起
Ҫл쳾Ʊ޷ֿ˹ķ
Կⷨǣл쳾

źɡתԽԽ죬л쳾Ϻ
ڣ뻳롭

£дһ˻
ܿ죬˻

ɡõĹҲתˣ˲
ܲʳл쳾ɣ

ʱлϺվԭأͷϲ롣
̻궨롣

л쳾òߴ٣ֻλлڣаﲻ⡣ڹ棬̻궨̡֮лʩϣ

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עл赣̾Ϣ˾塣

ԻԻ߹ȥѡ㡢Ǻοడ
лûлӦ
Ŀֱֱضǰն÷·û֪

ûü
ĵһܲסл赵Ϊһֱι鵤
һǰ˷͡һ

棬ϲϲۡ
ֿ˻

һѪ٣ð췽˺ɡȴлת˺üȦ
ܿġϲ

лг
ѺɡΪ˵ĵִͲ¼ɣḶֻ́Լʦ֪
Ϊλ
һھʹδƽϢѾ

Σл̣һб˽ᡣ
յڣֻû顰롱ˡ

Ҽ֤֮Ҳֻ÷׷׸ǡ
ֻüл쳾ףԴڵ

ֻл쳾һֱԡ
Խлͽ޸֮С

ֵȺԶȥһƬš
л쳾л起֮УΧһһţվе֮ˡл쳾Ϊϱħ鷴ɵòӡЩطѰ׹ɭɭ

л쳾ˮΪһѪۣõҩΪֹѪ
һУټңΪȴֻһ
ãһ䣺Ϊʲôλ٣е㶼еġ𣿡

л赲ش
ʣԣһֻΪĶᡣʦҵ˭

лԡ
л쳾۾ܱյɽ޾ĺڰϢһЩˣԶ˼䣬ýѡ

˾ࡣ
Ȼû磬ۣ
Բٰ˼ϯһսһ

ЩˣٲַһЩҩ
ϲϧʣΪΪ硢˸߸߸ˣ

ЦֶŮȻˣһﱻл赵Ĺ̷
롢롢Ů򣡡ϧҡҡͷֿһʣΣ

һ
ԱƵҵȻָһ£й
һлŸ

ʲһӳΪ⣬ǺֶŮȢȻԼˡؿס
ƵǷʮ־ˡ˺úܣ֣֮

ϧ٣ĪĪ֮֮
һֻʱ֮ԭͨλġ
һ˵˷ŵãȾơ

ҹ䣬λ͹Ȼһйл赵Ĺһһ
ĸĳţҪһﷵⲿΪ
͢ӡ

ߡ˾Ķó
Ρ




109.     ȻԼ

һ£

Ϊл赱ʩ̻궨֮, ͯʧٰȻƣȴû䡣
һæ˼죬ץһȺðͽƭӡȺƭ, ǲ鵽һУȳ˲ٺӡ

үСүҲС
˾ཫ͹ĸ, ϧȥˣվҲزˡ

, ҲǲԲԲ
ػͼֽ׼¾ӡл赵Ϊÿﻹֳʱνʮַæ

Ҳũ, ֲܵ
һʱ֮, 򸾶˾Ҳ֮ʱ

Ԫ, ¡
ۿʱ佥ȥһֱעʦǷҪ˾ȥץߡ
͢, ûⷽ˼

ԣ, ʦ㲻ҪѪˣ
ʲô˼ʦ, һֱܡ

, ֻҪ, һ㲻ܿࡣ
ֽԾл赵Ϊ, ֱ̡

һգ͢괺֣ٴջ
ۿκβãֻЭ

һͬϢүӵһǩԼϢүӴӴԺƳֲɢĳ¹档

ʦ, ɢֲ
ó͢ٱݼ

ΡšȻΪ±ߡ
ƶɢҵʤϲʤ

һĵذ¼ҡ
լӾһƣСɾ£ʮʺСۡ

Ժһ÷֮£һΪһǧ
ǧ֮£̲
Ȼǧ֮ϣһὫҹΧһƬ

СүҵˣүҲĿˡп
һлأ̻궨̣֮Ҳƶб

ͷϧл쳾ûʳһǾӺζ˺档
ᵽл쳾һﰴסǧðԺ㲻Ҫͬл쳾òã

̧ͷһվḧĳõܾã֮ʲôҲ֪¡
ʹش𣬡СͬҲûʲôˡ

һֵ˵һ£һֱʡ
̧ͷһƵǰǰϵķΪȡİ˼ɡʦһʼ㶣Ҳ׼ʾˡΪ֪

ʵ棬Ŀԣ˺ܾã˵ܲ˵𣿡
֣ᴥһҿԲ˵𣿡

һס֣ܾ̾ãϳܡϾһֱߣҰٰչˡͣѾ֣ԿҡĽǿ㵽˭

ãһᰴͷԼ
һΣл赱̻궨Ȼ
ξƣһжʮ˳

ԣǲֻҪԼξԶȥ
̾һŪŻеһĶð죬˵Ҳǲ˵ֻ㲻š

һ˵֪Ҳţ
ֻУǸ͸Ĳ롣ʵҲط⡣һܿʲô𣿡

һӹǲ룬鿴ȴԡ
Ӻδʡ

ǶҡͷҾǰӺܺáõҲ̫̽ࡣ
ͷ촽ӡڵһͷ

һ䣬ɵᣬǱ㲻ˡһ롣ҽ˾֣оһ𣿡
ʧ

һｫŽ﷨У֮ʧ
Цһ֣Ϊµգֲֶˡ

𣿡һ
˵ΪͿĨһ֣Σ
źһϵ׼ˣ

ϰϰ˱ŷ˻صԷ
ŷ֣и޴衣

ȻǷһֻһˮԴԴϡ
˽˵ȫȥΪϸϸش˸衣
輼졢ܵϸ¡
ٲȻһĴ蹤

һߴһ֣±ι
ͲҪ˰ɣ̵һңѵñ£ΪŮҲϴ裿

֪⻰ٽȥˮΣ
תúۡʣҪ𣿡

һҡҡͷЦΪ˽ɾҪˡ
⻰̫һش
Щһֱæ֮£Ҳʵˡ

۾Ϊˮ̫ʣĵˣһ˯ˡ
ҲϴɾὫŻϡ

˯죬һãûлӦġ̡ʵҲϤúܡ
⡭
ѵʲôŮԼūͣ
̷Ӧ֣

ԲһŰϷ룬ԽԽÿдɱӡ
ҳһȫϸϸͿĨ
ɫ˪ɫļҲĶɫ

峿۾Ѿֻһˡ
ֻһܰ㡣ҹһﲻΪϴ衢ͿĨָֽ࣬׶Ϊ޼롣

ů·š
լŵһιͷһֱǵһڴ

֪ԭò
ɽˮʮž
̨ͤмһǳϪϪˮ֮УǰУǳлڹſʯͷɹǡ

þˣ˵Էˡ
תһżʳ

ģ첽һｫʳСͤУ治СҸЩϲʲô
һͬ𿪰ֽСԶ˷ʳ

ҷſǽиطҪֻ
һ¹ٽ֮
ЦԺС񾭹౵ؽ˼
һУõüֱʵ

ڡ
л赱֮ûˡ
ֻΨһľԻǰ̽

л쳾֪˽Ҳҡ
Իл赽ģվǰð˵һ仰

л쳾ûаο
л쳾Ѿûٰοκˡ

Իͬл߶߶˵
Ի˵л赵ľ¡
꣬ͬ塣ҪǿӼꡣһԲϾͬ˶֡ҵﲻ棬ǸƦӡȴֻ飬ÿÿСЦ۸

һ죬ҴǡǸӣ˵ֻ壬һ۸
߶߶ڣšҵ㡣ʱ밡㣬ﻹѰ

л쳾ûȥŻѣߡ
ܵģǶµĳ

ߵĽ䡣
ͬվһˣҳ
л쳾Ȼ룬λãӦǵһߡ

̻궨׸ˡ
ţ

л쳾Ų类ߵߣ̧ȥϺĻҳ
˳Ĭ
øɾʱл쳾ԽԽľ

ǰˣ٣ĪϤ
л쳾ãȻ

ǰĿ֮ϤΪˡȻԼ




110.  않2200   һ񲽡

һ£

л쳾עǰ, ǰĿնƺ֪
ΧһƬžһ, ڴˡ
š

л쳾Ĭ֡
, ָɽڣմһֳࡣٽͿĨŵĿ
ۿϤģ, ת׹ʯ

ߣԻȫȻδл쳾״
߶߶, ҲšһֱһչҡɡôȥϰʲаأѾΪ, Ҫʲôûа㡭

˵Ĵ, 
л쳾ȴһƬ䡣
һŹֵ뷨·л赵
֪Щ, ׷ʲô£

ļУȴҲߴ١
л³, , ֻʣꡣ, ˾ڴˡ

һֱȵԻΪл赸, ֽͷ롣
л쳾ڽͳ޸

, ҳл赵
ռʦһ񲽣ֽ޸Ĺв֪Ǻ龰л赵ּһһ¼ŵ귢¡

͵Ĺ, һ񲽵ĹѨǿյģˡ
ĹѨգڹʯңҵһ飬ϰҵ׷ʲô
ħ顭һ񲽼ħ飿ôܣ

л쳾һҳһҳطġ
ڼ¼л赵ķ֣ģּʼʲݿҡ
벻ħ龹Ȼһֱ𾪡ϧŵķʧˡʧˣ䵽һУ

л쳾ƺл赵ôУ󲻽⡣
ҵ˺ܾãһ񲽲δٻҲȷˣѾ뿪
ħ£Ϊ֮񡣡
һ񲽶ǲٻˣҵʡǣϰа

л쳾ĵٶȽӿ죬л赵Խʲݡ
ܳɹδɣҾͽܾɶ
ⶫ϶˭һƭ֣
š϶ѪǷͿԡȵȣħж֮

ʱ佥İǰл쳾ð죬¶ģһҳ
һҳдţȡ϶ľԪҸŮܲܵĹ⡣϶ѹ֪꣬ԪǷ

Ȼ
л쳾һҳǣԱ߾ħĹ
Ҫնס֡

⹦кʤ֮
һҲδֵܵջ

л쳾˼ãգķߣСĵس⼸ҳ
лɥĲΪ˸ıǣȻ뵽ȡŵľԪµ塣Լͬʦͽ顣
°䣬һжѪܡ

Щǲܼġ֪ŵĺؽĻ̡̻
л쳾ָһ⼸ҳΪҽ

գһڳϱ˹
ࡣ

ȿڣħĹ档л赵һӦĵãӦȫ١а꣬
л쳾Ȼ

˵꣬뵽леļ¼תҲδɡжͽϰҵܹ
⵹Ҳǡ

ɡֻǺ쳾ͱϾСЩҪǲҪԡ
л쳾ȻĵģϷġܲܲʦ󳾡

üˣҲĪٳΪʦˣΪǰ覵αۻࣿ
л쳾·𿴵Įġ

ͻȻ
ǻڴˣô˵ô룿

ʱιӺ鵤ˮ
ΪС壬ȵһС
ϾлƶԼת޹

棬氮塣
ҲѾЩǣ֪ȥҽ͵ݡ
Ҷ֪Ǽ˾ѧġ桱ǿûн

һо˻Ĳ룬ֲϵ̻궨й֮ͨͬʱٿħ飬л赵Ϊд˰벿
ⲿԹʹΪʳȻǵΪ˶ᡣ


Ϊ϶ᣬԪܲϲ
벻ס
ΣлѾ̡ĹûȻҲ

ƺػ졣
ϢסׯϣżȥദˣѡϢΪ£ͬЩҳ̡
ЩȤȴϰ졣

Ϣǲͬġ
ûе⽣ӰֻⰲȻˮ£ٿݵ硣
ãҲá

л쳾ڣŸ߸ϵ
Ϊ¡ֻЩ꣬ŮӰĽһһܡ

һл赵Ĺ壬Ϊ֮һ
Ҳ˹壬һΪȡһסһ丸Ӱ죬ҲĸȤ
һԴ¡

ϧ˷޶Ӣмģ˸ӡҲ˰ĽŮӡ
ʦһֱԲһƽ˳ˣֱ

һ졣
Ժѧ֣ѧΪʳ
ԲˣԱָ軧

ʱһ軧Ź𻨸⣬ð죬Ҽϲ𻨸ˡ
ڵﻹУҴȥӡ

ϣǵ軧ۣðҡͷҼ󲻼ˣôҲûšȥˤһӣڻ̱ڴϡ
ĨĨ۾ҧһڹ𻨸⣬ȴʲȥ

ֻӿ죬µʣʱ£ûҹ𣿡
ǵ軧ˣĶұˡ˵˼ңôôడ

ꡭ
Ҳǰ׶ʧٰ޹ء
СʧҲʲô¡

û˵Ҳûֵ˼
صլҵ͵˽Ǯܲܣ
û˼֣ͬ˵أ

ɵڳӲҪ³˵ǶСˣˡǱҲһѧ
Ӧһ̤

Ȼһ
˲㡣

ô磿һü
վãֱס
һ΢ֵ˵ףҪȽǳСӸϳȥ

û˵ԥ˺ܾá
һʣôˣ

񣬻׶ʧ𣿡֪Լʲôʳһ䡣
һ΢δӵϱ˵Ȼʣǲ˵ʲô

Ĭ˺ܾãҲֻҪԼֽξԶȥ
ѾǵɲĻˡ
ʱصΪˣѾסڱʹ֮ϵҸֻٵı

ڵһﱳϣǡǲһ飬òã
һȻһݸϱЩĿɰ

ɿ
һԸϣֻǼͨʧ
롣

ɴգһӵݸŵľڣЩ꣬عְƵ
ĸʹʧӡɢ
ÿһڣһƬƣƬʵ֮ϡ

ڡ
л쳾䲻ȴӭһλϡ͡
һ

л쳾ټԾһɳ
ʣˣΪ£
һﵥֱ룬ʣлǷ񻹱ڣ

Ȼл쳾üõѵ㻳м٣
һڵл쳾׶ʧ٣аˣܲл赣˵ֹл赣

л쳾бյһ٣һ˲䣬ԺлϵǼء
һ񲽡૵

һʣʲô
л쳾۾Ƭ֮ʦأһĹзħ顣˵һӦûţ
ĿӣͷƤ顣

ʱҲͬʱ뵽һˡ
л쳾һ֪ʲô
һƳһۣлԲϳѼΪޣҲΪһƹ

ɹлһߡ




111.     ֻҪԼں

һһʮ£

⽣ڡ
ӢСӺ¡Ϣ˹ȥ

ź, ССӤɢһ㡣òС
ӢϢƾԲ裬ϲ, ɵһҲôˣβԼһ

ôһ, Ϣͻƾɿ
һ죬ĸ˵ʲôѽҺæš
ӢЦ, ƣô꣬ء˵꣬תƾ, ҲС, ûģ

ƾԴ, µûС
Ӣ˵ҪûУĸָ˵, Ϣ

Ϣøճӣ˵Щɡ
ҷˣӢ˿, ˵Ǹ

û˵, ͱϢŴϣӢ, ҡҡͷҺκ˶ûйϵ

ƾͻһź, ߴߴ졣ýö˹Ц
ӢϢر, ֻõúúáΪѣһϣ뿪ЩϾôЩˣֻҪ˼

ϢҺܺáӢʲô˼ҲûСתƾͻֻҪã롣

Ӣֻ̾Ϣ, ֻźݣαԿࣿ
Ϣҡҡͷ˵

һԣ⿪ʼޡ
æӢӢ塣˰죬һ󷳶
죬θһһðˮ

Ӣ죬ʣôˣ
ҡҡͷһҪϻũĸĸ׶İա

һĸסеҲƵᡣ
ϢȴüͷչҲæֵ£Լӡ

ӦһһŴͷ
ͷ⻪Ϩ֮ʱѾصϾһһѣΣǽŻ¡

·֣˾ѧôˣ
ҲЩɣɬ⴫ͷϢһ¾ͺá
汾Ǹûûεģµӡ

ǻ·ഽףŷȥʥס
ʥΪһüëһҪ˵ᰴס֣ҡҡͷ

ôĸôˣʡ
ʥ׿˻һۣڵһ纮Եҩͺˡ
ŷģʥ׿˷ӣ⽫֧ץҩ

ϣӦһɿҩ
ʥſô˼
΢Цʣҡϲˣ

ʥ׺ߺȻأôЩ꣬ҪûУϷҪɵһвˡ
æסĻûɡ⣬¡Ҳұܡ
ܣʥȻס

ֻڽͣҡʱ׿ڸ
ʥˣȤ㡣壬ûô̥ҩʲôģȲȶɡ

һ£лô򡣡
ʥһͷˮʣڴˣ

ûеڶεļ䣬ȻҲǲã⣬չ˵һΡ
Ҳûٽ͡

һ׶꣬ҲҪһӡ
ɵһĵʱﲢûжϲá

أһ·һ鷿
鷿һﲻڡ

κθоСۣ鰸󣬰϶˾ڡ伮
ԶôҡʰҲЩ伮ħйء

ַһֻдţак顣һħ
һ﷭Ĵ飬ûзʲôȴһʱ䷢֡

һħʲô
ڡ̫ˣ

֮ʱʦվľظ
ȷʵԲ߾أס

Ҳ
ΪʲôҲס
ɺϣԭ

ʼԲһ˾Ҳ¡нĲͼд浵
ӿ֮ʱһֱ鵽ڣûзԲļء

ôûУ
ţÿ»æץס»ʣัԲںʱ

»΢¹볯֮͢ʱѾ֮ϸϸ˼Ҳ֣ҴδԲĲͼҲ֪Ĺ
ƺҲԣ૵ϲ֮֪Ӧá

ڴʱҴҸ˾ѧˣһ֣빬ݣ
ʦ㡭
ͷһʦټԼˡ
Ϊʲô

ɲûʱ롣˾ѧˣ´ߵü߰ɡ
һ»»˵ʦһ֣ȻҲɡ¹پͲ˼ˡ

ʵҲʦ㣬̫
̾Ը롣

ʹԲ
վ£ٶȴظԣʵǺ֪һħǷҲۼ֤

򴽣Ȼ̤С
һڻͭףκ

渣
Ͼأʦɸûй£ʾδֻõ£˾ѧѾˡ

¡ʦ϶ϡ
æӦǣܿȥ

һֱȵ뿪ʦŵһпɺã
ˮȴҪǧͷУʳԼҪ֪¡˵ΪΣ

ʦЦȻΪл赣޵٣ʵ̫עˡ
˵ʵмšÿһΣл赵ۿɼʣɷѿģֻΪл𣿡

ʵȤ⣬ʦ㲻ʵΪӦΪʲô
üõԲһ𣿡

ʦٿȻ̧ͷЦݶʧãֵȻӦ޵ˣΪ̻궨֮ʹֻסԲԣ
Ĭ

ʦз𳤣н㣬ĸףӡܿ죬⡣룬ʲôأ

ĬΣһܡ
һС

ʦЦ㣬Ҳһֱʧܵ£αعʹٻѵܱң
ˡĬĬ롣̻궨룬Բˡһﱻлˣȫ¶

л쳾л赶ᣬ
Ϣˡ
ƾԶޣһƽӹûꡣ
ȴö˶˵ػš

Ĭʦȥɣչ޵Ļᵽ̧ۿȥ
ʦ㵭һȻգϾ谮Ļӡ£Ҳǵġ

䣬ƺǾˣûɲݣʵܼį
һѿʣʲôɲݣ
ʦΪɲݣһҲТޡ

ԼΪԻصɲݵı֡
ʲô֪
ľ

ʦȴΪ⣬ýšǻʵۣ˼ס޵Ȼֻ˼ԽԽáǸѲĺӣȻ֪Ӧ˭ĻԲԣ
˵գһ֣ʾ뿪ˡ

ûдԸ㹻ţᱳ
ǵȻġ
зӣ˫գ׳ڡ

ϰﻹĲأ
̻궨Ŀʹ˻֪˽ⲻˡ

ĬĬس
ʦ˵ÿһ֣ûд
޴ӷ

ԼھӦûȥߵһԼС
ӴԺӣ֣ﰲȶաԼ׷ģ٣ӦоС

ֻҪԼں
ںˣڸĴۡ




112.     㲻

һһʮһ£
߳ʹ, Ѿӭ
ĸףﻹŷʥ׿ҩȻȺѾá

ʣڴ˵
˵´ĸףҡвĸױ, ұ˳ݣš

´
ξʱҴ, ûܺúõشӡ
ĻѾȥʱģ, һʵꡣ

ĸΪң֣Ļ֣ܰͬǸĸɴʱ, Ȼڳˡ

ʣС, з𣿡
ûаĸ״ΪֽСӣҽл󣡡

ܲϲСΪΪʲô, ޷գ
ϳݣԼݳ˾ȥ
ұһ, ףһԵĸһû, и׽˷, , õȤᵱգ

˵, ˸ĳĬ
ĸô, Ϊʲô֮𣿡Ȼʡ

һֻ÷θܡ
ֻ㷽ŵĻ૵˵˷գѾǲõȤԼֺγǣ

ѵҪΣٻصǾһǣ

Ҳˡ

, ƽȵʻ˾ࡣ
˾࣬һл쳾һڡ
ͬʱ

ʶǰס˵֣³
лü΢壬

ŵһ˳ͷһ㶡
л쳾ʩһ񣬵þò

һ񣬵лݹ٣˾ԡ
л쳾ϲĿףãһԣ˵ȥ˺δΪ

˵ŻӵŻһ·š
л쳾󣬻ģģ֡׿
һŵһۣ졣

ƤҪ״ѵһ䣬⡣㬵ؽˣֽʥΪҩȡȥҩ

һӵŷˣл쳾һ·鷿
л쳾ڻֻ֣ޱȡɷȽŲҵ̸̸£

һһõ鰸¡˶졪ЩˣƺͲϡ
ʣлΪҷһ𣿡
ҷ򡱶֣ܻһŵҵ˰Щֶ永ڹ췲Թޡһлӣȥڲ֤һɡϳл赣ϰħ

һ٣л쳾ʦѾ̣ǧȷ١ϰħ˭
ֹһΡ֪Ƿ֪ԭɣ

ĿۣûҪܡ
ξĸо̫ãΪΣ

Ŀⴹأãҽһ룬ɻǵã
һȻг͸Ĳ룬ʧΪһֱЯ

л쳾Ŀۼ纮ͨ͸覡
У۲ãΪ
һǺܹŹֵķ̻궨й֮ͨ

л쳾һʱ֮䣬Ҳа
һﾪˣҵȽ֮Сڻα㽫ѡ

һƺƬ̡ڷ裬յδŵǰһֹ̬ͣס
һл쳾ٿȻȴּ裬֮Уʱ

һֱ뿪˵룬֮ʱһµ͡һǰãۼˡǡ£ʦ㡣

һл쳾þòԡ
ãл쳾˵ʦ㷲˸ǣΪ
ֵգҷһʮɺϡҸոշִ£±ټҡ

һһʣ˵ʲôΪ㣿
ҡҡͷȰ˵ҲҪΡ

л쳾סҪΣѵ⣬кβ֮л쳾ӭĿ⣬ԥ
ˣ

⣬лл赶ᡣлϰħڵõл֮ҵȾǶ֡ҷΪңѾ˴Σ
һһ֣Ĳ״
ȴΩûἰԼ

һл쳾ü˶Ȼš
ɴ˿̣ԶҡȻҲʼ˼֮¡

һʣŷ˵㷢һ·ǳɺϡ£
Ѿ޿ҷֵ伮ϼأһħ֮ʱҲվھظ֮ϣβ롣ԲҲߡǿɣ

Բл쳾͵վǱȥһ˹У׷˺£
һü˼ãʻѾΣΣ֮磬кӰ죿

ǵΡ֮Ѿȥˣʼϡܸоܵƻ
һ⣬ش

л쳾һ²˳٣ҵҪѲԲ
һϾǵʵۣҪѲ飬ҲӦǰ

л쳾Ȼԣʦʵǳε֪һﻹҪл쳾ȴһ䣬һа㱻ᡣҪô죿

һĬ
л쳾ĪҪǿģʦħ޹أҲԻƴãӰ쳯͢档

һ
ԡʹǵһл쳾֣Ҳֹۡ

ڴʱһҩ
ĸףҩˡڵ
һе£Ϊκҩ

ͷһ纮¡߰ɣǰԲ
һͬ߳ţȻֻߵǰҩһһڣ

ҩܿ࣬Цȴʮᡣ
Сӣʵ㣬ֺγһȤ

Żϣֿ󣬽ȥ£һòã

ץץͷЦǺȥټͽܣúܺÿնӽĸһۣòã
΢Цá

꣬ŵһл쳾ʹȥ
һȻʣˣ⣬ǷҲǷޣ
Ĭл쳾ܿĬ¶һ˿ЦݣҲԵøɡҲһΡ

ЦܺùЩˣҲǹ¶ϡ
лһߡ
Ȼ죬ȴҲһ·ʹʼգûἰе¡Ȼ̫ı벻ᡣαҲһѹ

ʹ֮һƬ
һл쳾ڣֻǾ˼򵥵ʡгʹʸ

˳ͨ裬һ·Բǰ
ظһޣĬظǡ
л쳾⣬ҵһۡ
ͬ⣬˹ͬˡ

£Ȼʣǰб´٣
һ￴л쳾л쳾ͷͬʱֻ֣üһȳ⣬㱻ڽ֮С

л쳾һɱסⲨ
󣬶̤ڡ

֣һмֱ˳ò񻰡
л쳾͵һȻҲҴ⡣˿·УֱϾŲ㡣Ŷֻһ糣ϱڻצʱҪһ㡣

Ų֮ϣʦɸ
ǰ¯

㲢û޵Ļ̾ϢǸɵӡ
Ĭεǰ

ʦ㲻¯һϣСѾͷ̻궨룬ûбĽⷨ
סʦŰ͸ӣ
ʣԣǴý⣬ҲҪΪ𣿡ЦȻЦȴɱʮ㳢֮ࡣԸ̣𣿡

ǰоԼı΢
һ˼䡣ױޣһ֮䡣

ӭڵʣ÷ӦҪµʲô
ʦ΢˵ҾΣһ²飬Ӧñأ˭Ū

ŪʦЦ˵ܺã޺ϲ
˵ļ϶һл쳾Ұ롣˼ͬʦ㣬׼˵

޼䣬±Ӧʮþȡ
ǡǴʦ㣡

ʦȼ
л쳾͵һȴܽӴ
ֻһӰӡ

΢̷Ӧ
㡭㲻ڴ֮УʦõϣϡɲݣһҸûʲôɲݵ֣⣡

ʦЦɵӣǶħԲһ֪Ȼͼޡһ㣬ҵĺӣʧ
˵գһ̧»١ϲλ

ĸ˽л쳾һΧС
˺ë




113.     Ǹѡ֮Ӱ

һһʮ£
Բ, »١ϲλ͵һл쳾ΧС
ʦȻվǰ鵭Į

ϸ۲, л쳾͵һﴳ˽ʦ㡣
ʦǵһһƺָ, Ǹ߸ϵ֡˲ӡ

һССӣζԿ֣
, ССӱվֱҪһֵʵͼ

»١ϲͬʱһﹰ֣С£ˡ
, ͬʱ, ˹

˾ȻҲħ顣
֪ԼΪ΢, ƾĽڵһл쳾֮ʱʱܶԶԲӦ

Źл쳾͵һﲢ, ½ɭɭ
һԻпȡһϸСƿƿƿʼɫԹȻ, Щûֹͣħо

Žս, ǽֵ伮ɢһء
ֽҳ֮, ץסһҳ, Ľһ, Ȼ㣡

һ񲽣֣һл쳾üͷ
ʦĿú֣֮Цһ񲽡Ѿþûƺˡ

»١ϲ˹Խң㲻
л쳾Ľտտ, ź̵졣ʣ㡭ŴҲնħаΪˣ

䣿ʦ㵽˴ʱ˼̸ˡȲ֪ɵȻӡ޼ʶɵ̸ۣ֮䣿

һл쳾ͬźлʣһ񲽣㡭Ҹף
ҵȻǡɵӡʦЦ
֮Ľ룬Ҫࡣµ񣬶˽ʦһ֣ǾͶһʤ㡣

һĻѵᣡ
һ૵ô꣬һֱڶԼĻӻŮ

ʦ¯֮ǰɲݱ֡ʳǧǰɱаħšⲢסǸ϶ͨ쳹֮ܡǣΪѷ֣η

ʦ㶢¯ƺ˼󣺡ҼʶԲԼ֮Сǡҿж꣬һ
û˵ǺηȻѾ֪˵̻궨롣

ʦЦǡѹ֮󣬱ŵľأڡ
ᵽڡɿһл쳾ЦʱѪһֵá

л쳾һϲһҲ֮Уϲл쳾˺Ҫ⴦㡣
л쳾ѵֵ𣿡

ʦƬ̣һս֮ˡɼԪ˥ΪֻԼϲ

淢˶ף鰸ҵ˼̻궨롣˵ԣҳħ飡
ʦ㳤̾һȷʵԹ١̻궨̵֮ˣԹʹࡣñ°빦

л쳾Ȼԣ㽫ΪŴߵ
ʦûзϣֻǵɺҪԹԽԽءôߣ

˵⣬ȴͷһ
ǣ˹⡢к飬ͼԹʹࣿл쳾ŭʦûйմ׶Ļʹ㣡

ʦ㵭ʵڳŲסˡҵԽԽҲʼáֻܼĹУֱл䷢֡
ܿвԣʣϾڵʦΪξл赣

£ʦһξһӣֻǵʱݲˡ
˵ݲ㡣Ѿףһһƣ㵱ʱѾˣ

ʦҲرܣ˸Ůˣһӡ已̥֮Ԫ̫ϡǾ֮Уձܼ尾

ἰԼֱʹһһ㡣
л起֮󣬱뿪Ĺٽɽ˵赭д

ȴ㴴µֻΪħɹ֮ҪӴԹ֧šûʲôսɽľԹ

ʦһ
һԣ֮ĻӻŮҲΪ˸ԼһʺԼˡ

仰ʣֻ侲ĳ
ȻʦʣȻأ
Ϊ͸ʼգĿ⵭Į

૵⣬㲻ϧлӻŮעѪҪıǵʡ
ʦɴ£ֻܲ˽顣˵꣬ͱ㣬һĵϷкҲ˿ˡ

ӣἰ£һнһͣʲôӣ
һѾһҧס

л쳾һٹڣ֮УʱһƬѪһ˸
Ųһƣһߣغ֡Ȼս֣ҲûжٶŮ鳤ʱ

ֻõϿһΰˣ˵ģ˵գһ˵Ц˳Σһòã
һ΢΢һ֪ͣ˵öԡ

ʱ˵أԼһ໤Σ
һ˫Ϊκεסľּѡ

ʦ˵㿴ҲˣԲԣ
Ӱһϥ֮ĺӣδ۹һˡǸӶˣǰҲ񡣡

ʦһɫѾ
л쳾׼һһһźٹشУڻָΣؿڣˣѪע

ʦ״ͫ΢ȴҲš
תл쳾벻л赾ĵӡʢһɸ㣬ֻǴԿ󡣽һȷ츳š

л쳾Ŀޣȴɫ䡣ʦһаȻӦáִ֮ʱҲȷй¡
ʦԭΪ˸л赣ڱв벻㡣

һͰʣСʮΪһ£òã
һֻ²Ϊʱ˵أһΪðɣ

ü΢壬֪鲻򵥡
ȻʦЦ֪⣬л쳾ͻǺιϵһüл쳾Ҳһݡ

ʦ㺬Ц⣬ˡ˰ޣһֱ
ģл쳾ҲͷãȻһ㱻ҧסʺ

л쳾һǰȻҲõļˡѪУɳƣô£㲻˵
һ仰ճڣԲͻȻҲ

ʦһᣬɷס¯
֮ϣķתڷɻ

ʦ磬ð죬³һ֣ţ
ţв׽֣ɿʦ㡣ʦ㿴л쳾Ŀ˳ѪȾ佥ơ

ֻл쳾ѪУƺմ
㵽ʲôˣʦʣ֮УȻ˼ɫ

͵һͬʱл쳾
˶ͬһ뷨ˣǸѡ֮Ӱ




114.     ľء

һһʮ£
л쳾Ҳ, ʱԲζӾ硣
ʦץס

һ£»١ϲ˲ܲ, 
Ϊ˲ĳ֮, ̾ͱΧ
»١ϲҲл쳾͵һˣ

ǰȻĺ, ˲ҧڻͷӲ˺һ⡣
ҧأһл쳾ȴǰһ

ʦòסԲʱ, ȡ»١ϲ˹, ɱл쳾
л쳾üͷ΢, ɺһһԶЩ

һֻһԥ, һڿڻ첲
ס֣һæ
ʦ˵ڶΣ

˿ھʹʱ, ֪ĵһ, ʹ
˵, ɱң

ʦ޴ûɱ㡣ʵ̫תл쳾, ϸ, ãȻ֮ӣ㿴ȷмơ

ŵĶӣ˿ڣʹ־İԣŲǺͱ̻궨ӡ𣿡
л쳾տڲ, ȻἰԼ

ȷʵһֱڵ֮С
л쳾ôģԼҶ룡
л赵ʹ˶ֶΡ

л쳾ĮȻ֪һ񲽵³ֻҲÿЦ
Ȼ仰ʦһߣ㻹ʲô

һ￴λĸ𣿱ΪҪõһȡǹȻףһֱҪһ壬ֻΪĹв죬һֱϤ

ϸ⼸Σ֮Уҳл赣Ҳһֱһ壡
ʦЦл쳾ΪҲʮ⡣ɱҲᱻΪȻܹʱȻ谮Ķӡ

һֻһԥ˺»һƤ⣡
һֻܴӷͳɡʼȡ»١ϲ˵Ĺ

л쳾Ŀ¶ɫһҿħ֮Ҫ޾Թάϵ壡Ѿ֪ٴ֮¡ѵҪӥȮڲ𣿣

ɡ»١ϲ˵ĹȡתƵһڡ
Ҫ͵Ϯ˺ҧѪȾȹһŷķģ
Ρ

һܿ˵ĹϺƣɫ۷Ҳ塣
л쳾һ˹˻һź
ܺáʦħ飬Ҳʺ㰡

һһһл쳾ȥƣԵ޶
л쳾Ľֹ֣

һﲻͣ£ֻһͣ٣ϱһ˿ڡֻս
л쳾Ҳף˵棬Σʦסס˵һš

һſѪڣл쳾Ľٲ飬һն䣡
죬ȴҲʳĽ

̾ϢұҪˡʵǡ᲻еһС
ˣʱ̰޺ϣôһ㰮ĻӦ̺ɽҹҹɡ

ΣһΪ𣬶ƽ
ֻΣеΪԼ
ϧݡ

ǵİӶûԹֹһУסö롣ãЮȴûдɱ
͵س֣뻮ƬֻһҽУȻɢѪӿһƬĿʺ졣

ߣֿ˵һһۡ
εʦ㣬պҲ޷ˡ
Σܲõһȥɱл쳾Ҳ˵л쳾ﲻʦмֿţ

̧֣ĲԼʺ
ʦͫʩʹ
ֻʹ

̴ѩ׵ľѪȪˮ
һٹ˲ʦȥ״һѽ̧֣ůѪմȾա
뿪ʼڻˮѪµ

ʹûԾ£ԼԺҲûˡ
һðżѵص𡢱ɱл쳾Ҿãʦûô׶ᡣл쳾˼ɵ

˵ˣᴭһ󣬷ŵڵȴʱɣʮ˥ûʲôսȻڱлˡ

һ뱧һḧСõá
䱻ѪǺס졣ɲڻҪʱ䣬ŵһлл쳾⣬л赶ᣬҪϡϹȥɱл赡

л쳾ǰɫ԰ףѽ
־䣬ǽǡ

л쳾ʣأΪʲô
΢ȴĬĬҡͷеĲ룬Żţڻססʱ䡣

۾õһҺصǳլӡĶסҶûгԹء
ٲԸ˸УһȻס֡
ξ˭Ըأ

ڻģǰŤɢ̡
һٶʱ˱ɣѾɼ֮佻棬Ƭͣ

һƬ̣͵һ
εļ䣬糱ˮӿԺ翪ʼѣ

һѸԼڵУΪȡлԼ»١ϲ˵Ĺ壬Ϊ
֪ʦΪҪѾģΪΪ

һعϣԲĿҲն
ڵ֮УδἰԼ

л赽ǰһݳޡ
عƾĹȻħҪĴԹֱֻл赣

һ﷢˷˺ҧЩһ˿һƶ֣޲塣ло̻궨̣֮ʱȻȴˣ

ֻ˺ߵӣΧһƬƬʬɫԹʬֱ븹Сһɱһ߻ظԼĹ壡
ڴʱڵĳǷ׷׸ϵ

Ⲩϣʹˣ
Ҳսֻ÷һζơл赡

ȻֻϾ⣬һݿݵ˱
ĿȥֹŹֹ졣
ǡл赡

Ȼл赱ʵǱл쳾
˻ĵֻһֻΪ̫Ͻǲĳ졣

ڵĳǼһ䱸
ʱл쳾Ų壬ٻĽ֡
ڿлһŹֵķģն䡣ɲǼ䣬ֻǧǾ飬âлڣ

л赾ٽȻͻȻ֮䣬ʲôƱ
ǹ壬һķ

Ȼ𣬵֮ʱõĲħ飡
л쳾廻ʱΣûл쳾Ƿ񰵲ɱС

к˲ɢȥл쳾лȻ׹ء޷εˣҲѩϼ˪
ڵϣһ˴ԼǣԼ

лл쳾ŵԼ½ơ㡭Ԥı
л쳾ǰע˵֮ʦǷ

лڴʱһȷ磡
ֻź˶

̧ͷȴǸ»١ϲɱ
˺ԥл赡л쳾ˣ׼ö廥֮ʣ죡

ϣ֮ľء
ЩʬɽѪıƣƺ޹ϵ
֮һʱ֮䣬Ȼ֪ӡ

һȷ磬һƬԿ
˴󾪣Ϊֳʲôħֻ֮૵һҲϰħ

ֻһã򸣡»١ϲɱȥ
л쳾״Ҳٲԥסл赵֣жķԼԡϼ״׷ΪԼ

һ븣»١ϲ˲һӣл쳾Ȼ۾
Ľٳһնϲһһ֪л쳾Ѿ塣

֮УϲΪһȥΪټɣ
л쳾һɼ֪Ȼһϲˣֳԭ

ϲƴֻ
һл쳾ٶ֣»١ϲˣڽڰˡ
л赻ԼǣһᣬǸͷ죬̻궨֮𺦣Ԫһ֮ȫ

ǲȴ˵һ仰Ҫֶ̧̧
ڵ棬ڵϣˮմȴ޷

ʱǰ˰Σ޺޵ҲŶ˵֣꣬עĽ䣬л赵ʺ

ԲϣʦӸ£עս
Ϊл쳾͵һʮ־»١ϲ˸ҲʱԻ֡
ʱϡ

ϾĴ£ڽܷ׷׾
ϧӳ˷׷鴫ͷ˶

һʱ֮䣬ϾͷۼͷĴ
ӢһʱҵϵĻ

ڴʱԲͻȻˣ
ͻȻεض𣬷Сƶ˲䣬ӢǰĻ˴ΣӰ

ӢƬ̷̣Ӧʦץ˰

йգ
ֻǰһѾûС
ʦվߡ




115.     ۽ǵƣ޵

һһʮ£

Բ, εļ䣬֮з͡
£

˺Ȼ, ϶ࡰˡ
ЩȥˣΪεı, ׷׸

ĸı䣬ôԭ򼢶ƶԭļС
˼, ־ϲ

ڵһʱѰϢϢҲȻڡ
еׯ԰ϢһãȻشǰһС

⣬ׯӵ˲ûн֮һԶͻȻֵϢ, Ҽ, ֺ档
ڱ估ʱϵ, һסϢ֣˳

Ϣ󲻽, ֻǵõеһУʱʣ£Ϊׯ԰ͻȻˡ˵, ֮, ò૵⡭ôͻȻ֮, 仯֮󣿡

ǰһ, Ƕǡ
̫󲻽, ǣ֣δ

룬͵ʱңֻлܸ͡
˵ͻȻס
ĻҲܽ͡

һƽزԡҲ֪, ǹʶĿĻʵǺξ
δʵм˵ǶѼ
ֻû˸Ϊġ
ƽһΣΪһ˸еѹ

ϾԽԽڴ˻ۡ
ãȻվ˾࣬ǰЩˣʶȴȫȻͬеһУЩİ
⵽ô£

Ⱥ֮У˿ʼѯʡ
˽һĹΡ

л쳾͵һټϺϧʰ˸»١ϲˡ
˿ԲĿء

ֹ֡Ρϧ˵
ƽӹͷεԴͷҵˡ
ϧͷ

ӳȻٽƻĺ꣬Ҳ¶β͡
ʱһл쳾Χסϧ֮ѯʼĩ

л쳾ֻΪ˴ɣλѹ˵飬Բеʦ㣬ǵɱŵһ񲽡
һﾪǧˣ˴һ

һĸ֣ǽҿ̫Զļ䡣
ڴʱһѾԲ¡

Σ͢»ֲ̿û˸
£һ̧ͷֻʦ㸺ֶߣǶ֮ϡĻ

Ŀ⻺ƣֹãȺҵˡ
Σ·ֻء

ʦվߣע£Σܸıʲôأ
ûлشҲʵǲܻش
̻궨һУһļޡ

Щװµױݣĸȴꡣ
밮˸ģҲɢҵ

ԱߣʦʣԣΪأ
ΪΣ

ԡ
ˣʵֿ̰ᰮ׷


׻ôˡ
֮ԾɾúִܿˣΪ֪֧ξҪٲ֮Թ

ֻ֪ʦվ˰Ƴ
˭֪Ƴ֮⣬ΪեȡѪᣬɽԱ

ʦḧͷԼͽһȱ
ָⴥͷ̻궨룬һߵʱʹ

ʹԲԣʡ
ᡣ۾£ǸϤ
һһ֣ſ

ʦĻӦһߵβ
ֻԪҪѿԲǿȥ档

£һʦ㣬һظš
ʦ㲢Ӧָס̻궨βֻǺشȴ޲Լûг

Ԫڶ£ȴƫƫʹ˵ڡ
£һϣһɫۻȫ˫ĿѪ죬סſ

һ䣬˱۸ǣ彥Ӵ
һɻҺɫĶȻԾǿг

ϤӰظǰʱѾΪһȻ
֮ͫУֻһž޴ͷ˫Ŀ˻˻ţȻһײԲĻ硣

𶯣Բͬеľ
һȫѪһȫȻڡ˫Ŀ׹¶ĻаΣ

Բ⣬һҵײ
һųᣬڻӡ
һ

ǺȻһ죬һӲͷ½Ѫ˿ڡ۽ǵƣ޵졣
ԲĽ磬Ȼܲסײƿһȱڣ
һȱ̽ͷ­ſѪڣ

ȷ絹࣬ʦҲֻú˶ܣ
һԵл쳾ѾסעӣԳĬһ˵壬Ҫβȫںϣ
û֪

֮Ҳ޷͡
Ĺ£Ҳй
Ҫжôǿҵ־һ˳һͷޣ

л쳾ĽٳԲ
һ̣֪ԼҪʲô
ɱʦ㣿Ȼǰһ

֪
ն䣬ֻҪ˺ԲĽ磡
ϧҲԥ׷׳

ڵĳԭһֱΧۣȴҲ׷̾ˣͱԽԽͻ
ˣ˵ǲԸ£ʵ˵ףǲ鷳ˡ

ϵţǳһӢۣҪһӴԩ֡Ƿ׷ҡͷȴһͬս֡һΣûв˽
ԲĽ磬֮£ȫ˺

һл쳾̳С
ۼһ۸棬ͻȻף壬ʦ

ʼգûпϹл쳾
Ϊǣ֮ʱ
һ񲽿̫ᣬܾĥˡ

꣬˶ΪǱ֮һԹƻִɣѰ֮š
˭֪λǧǰŴͣһֱѪ׷ġ롱

֮֮ԣ˶Ц
Ψ档
ҲΨԵ档

ѾŮֻҪôһ˼
֮˵öԣ޷ǧꡣȷʵҲˡ
һ壬ںϡΪޡ

һ֣ʦ㽫ٲΪϲա
Ԫ

ħԹǶͨ쳹֮˶ԣֱֿɵ֮
αں

񣬵һл쳾̳С
ʦվڻߣ΢ЦעӡһѾΪСĽݲӴ

л쳾һնʦ㣡
ǣл쳾Ľն˸աʦֻһ޵ӰӡȻҲڴʱ

ۼڶ˲䣬ʦ㻯ΪԲƺֻ̡Ƭ̣ʱ䷽ֿʼ
ʦıʱ䡣

һͬ˸ա
ߣִֻһƬޡ

˽Ƭ޴룬૵л쳾Ѫ
ڵξ֮Ул쳾ѪԲ֮ӣԲķеѪ֮˵

ҲԲΪƵѪ˾
ͷȴվ޷ѡ
ϣѡΣ¡һĬӡ
мţ֪õĹ




116.  Ĺ   ҫ֪ů

һһʮ£Ĺ
Բ, ʦʱ֮ް취ʱʦһ, Բ֮ϣת
Ժһʹ, ۿҪΣ

֪һѳɡʦȻѾ׼ᡣ
Ὣʱ

, һͬҲֲ
һٲԥһצл쳾޷ۼʱѪע

㣡л쳾˼Բߣ䲻һҪ, Ȼʲôͷ, ԼѪԲ

Ȼ, ԲӦѪʱķתʦƺһ, 䣬ȴЩƲס

л쳾Ѫ, , ǽһֻ֣, дССֻֽקǽУ
ˣ
һ״, ͵ػΪһź, Ҫħ֮ܣ̽Բܡ

һﻯΪ֮߶ʱޱߺšЩѹѾõԹкԶѪ

оȵǽڣ῿, ֻϴѪԺ֮ٿﻹʲôط
֮ϣӿķķǶˡ
Щڷ޺ĺմȾѪ졣

һĬãһִֻҪץסɻܱʹץաһﴩֻ֣Ҳ˵Ŀʹ
һѪĸ

Ų֪ɱ˶ˣУԷ
ΪԹҲױɡִħаԿԲ˹ԹΪʳֲᱻԲˡ

һﴩھظ֮䣬̵ʱ䣬Բķġ
л쳾УѪԲһʱ֮䲻ʳţԼɽĸףʦ

ĳ
ǵִһ񲽣Ҳûջ

л쳾ָøѪ
ԲӦӾҵ𶯡ĵһѾٶ˽ʦ
ⷽ츳һҲǿࡣ

ѸסһߵķһɫķĶԵ
һʱ֮䣬һл쳾ͬʱԺһشʹ
ϳӯŸģ䣬ȡ

Ȼ֮䣬ֻ
۾ǰֻһƬɳվǻɳһ

Ķ
̫Ϥεĸо֪Լǽ˵Ρ


̧ͷãȻĹˣֻɳ߼ͻȻ̤һͷŷֻɳ֮Уõѡ
Ȼһ߰׹ǡ

ʾ֭Ҳǵôط
ԼֻԼǳģ
ֻüǰߣǰɼʯ·ֻѱʱ丯ʴΧãֻżɼշ

һȻͣ£
ǰһббҪ棬˾ࡱ֣Ѱ߲

ͷǶǵ¥͵ϳǺδ
Ͼ˾˾Ĵţ

⡭ˣ
أ

ɱȥһˡɳʴ˴˵أưܡľ㡣
Ĭͬӡ

һɻӦֻз
ɳݼɳɳ졣
һ˲֮䣬ֲ⡣

ʱһͬԺڰѡ۾ҵʹȫɢ
붯һɸ̧֣㾪ס

֣Ϻͣһ쳣ѡ
̫Ϥָоˡ

ǵע֮Ѫʱճܵļ尾
ôԼǻصʮһ

һþȫѹԹľʹȥ䵱ꡣ
Ԫ꣬ףܾ
ڰʮ¶ԣҲʲô˲õ¡

ĽֲŻʱ֦ͬ͢ҲòϢҡ
ӭȢô͢ӵԼʦ
ңʦѵġ
ʮµС̣žžֱ졣

ܾ֮£ûü뵽Բߣͱʦɳȥץһߡ
һɣߴع֮ȴӭһѡ
ʦ㽫лӻŮٵԲעѪ

ΪʱҪܷ硢ܹ⣬ڰҵ
һֲʲôʱ

ӣſڡſڻ谵ĹӰ䡣Ȼ峤ɫۡ
ϸܣƤ֮ϣ˭

һ䣬ֹã˽
»

һߣֹ
һֻʣ£

Լģʣ֮
»˵ڡǰͬл쳾ס

һӦһڴʱʹ࣬ĳޣʵʲô
֪ΣֻҪΣǰĭ
ֻǰһԼΪӵеļ䣿ΪԲ⣿

أǷ񻹼ǵң
ҡҪȥһˡڣһŬ⣬͵ĺֲ࣬塣

»סԶĽΪ
ัο壬ʵڲ߶֮£Ǹհɡ

һȻҪǺܿ죬
壬סκεġɼر۾ԼصĴϢ

θ֮ǾҵʹʹʵϰΪ
»ߣãӦЩ¡ʥ˵ܼ⣬߶һ˼˾ڽһ֮ĿֽǸΪͫͫѾ½ʹá´ЩҲЩҲôȤ

ัǸˣܿ㽫ͫᵽ˵һҡ
һҲס˵˼䣬Ҳڡ

ԼֻþȫںѪ
ǽϵľͫ»˲ͬȡĻҲǸ졣ʱоճʱ׽ʱϷʱʢ

Щˣûһǵһ뿴ġ
һһֱڵȣ֪»ջһš

ĳԪ꣬ʮĵһȫȻܽԼݡܾҩҲٽʳ־һϢ
ʥײòƳԲ˾൥

˾İ»Ϊȥͫˣȡ֡
ڣڲЧ֮»Ϊһš

ǿžͫĻǽ֮̿ʱһֱΧûκηӦĵһ̧ͷһۡȻһƬĻȻʢ
ʱ顢ѩۣδܡ

ȻһգัһͶ֮ͫС
Ϸţһ뿪

һ̧ͷֻɲĻѾ纷Ϊ٣˸˴硣
ոճײյԼĸ㣬̽лܳ塣

ž֮ͫƺιľڻԺС
лܳȻϵԺġ

溬Цׯ
лʦܣ쳾Ŵæ˵裬Ҳûʲô˼㣬лʦҳɻڣݴ󷽡

лܳȴԵô㵣ȻʶǰŮӡ
ἰл쳾ܿ췴Ӧֵ̹ԭˡܳʧ񡣡

ȻƽϣʳԺУƷ
һ֮ʱֻ֡

ôҲڵˣαСнʶˣ
ɴˣŮӲһ˿档

ัȻܿʶȤڣǴˣһһء
һʹ֮ʱʶĹŮһһԼ쵽ǰ

֮˲òͣһΣʶһˣ˱ݡ
¶̨ü첻Ըš

һĻģ
ǽʱա˾һδߴ»Ҫ֪˵Ϣ

»ΪԼҼᡣ
䣬ʲôһ顢壿
һǲһƿһҺڰĹ⡣Ůˣڼ档

һòǽ죬һֻϰʳؼңһֻա
ûйڴ

ױʩ಼ҩܿվȽŸΪġˡ
鼰£л쳾޺ٰü

ż֮ˣ̾ڶһˣһҡ
˾ԣǷ˻ң⡣
ҫ֪ů




117.     ¡

һһʮ£
Բ, л쳾ƴΪʦ㿹
˱УʱԲ, Ѿ֮ʱıׯϡ

Щĥֻʣʹ޵ˣڷ֮, ŵġ
ʦ㴩֮䣬׼ʱ, ȻҪûɱл쳾л쳾Ľ֣һն䣬ʦֻܱˣ

л쳾ܿͷ, սѴ
, ʵ̫ˡ

Գħ鹦, Ͳࡣ
л赺

л쳾Ѫ֮ƣҪûɱʦ㡣
ʦֻСĶء

, ´ҡ
ϧȻȥԲĻ磬Բ䣡
ɫԹ, ȥĹ׾, ¶ħı

˱Թ, Ҫ, ʧ, ֪١
ϧ˲֪ףֻΧסԲʱͻȻָָԶǿ

̧ͷֻԶһڻȼյ, 飬Ȼӳ󼱼ǰ鿴ɵŽǾһɳ

磬ڻڻ
ô£ѩͩȵȳϽһãȻ

˷׷ǰ鿴ֻѩ֮£ݲһɳһֱһ޸޸΢
˼õԲа֪˶ʦݻµ򣡡

ĻȻͬʵ˭ָ룿
ҪεҰģȡ֮

עŽɢĻɳ޸ԽԽǲԴС
Բǰעа
Ȼл쳾ڽħҵ

ϧ˸ۣڡڡ
漴䣺еһ
Щڵ϶ۣͷ


ʱһһڷɳĽͷ
ɳİ׹ǣûһһϾĽͷ
ż֨һ죬еˤһػɳ

ףЩɳӺζ
ɳ
ЩݲݡҰΪѾʴǿһˡ

ߵþˣɿʼܡ
ڳǵĳ֮£غǡ

Щδȫɳһһ߷ҡ
һˣȻؿݹǣ޴ӱϡ
ĸ̸һһЩϤˡ
ӦΩ

ǡ֮˼
ؿݹ֮䣬ɳһ
أƺֻʣһˡ

һȻڳԪꡣ
յ¡磬ûлʧ˵еһС׹εԨ

սҪ߳ﶼֻŴ齣ǽϵľͫ
֮ͫУһ֧衣

ʵòãһƫƫ̫輧
һ֮䣬һһϰͬһ֧衣ΪûʦԵʮΡƫƫһ񣬻Ť˽š

һƺǶξʱաǽϵŮӣ˽顣
ȻҲ˰˷顣

һﲢ֪֧Ƿл쳾
л쳾ģ
ԶǧȴңңĿ˵Ǳǿ

Բл쳾֪Σٽʱȣ
ʦʮּɵͬǰϼһһвԸƴл쳾Ѫȴġ

ֻҪʧѪ࣬ԲԻػԼУʱûɱʱ
ʦȻż

л쳾һƬɫ֮УԲķתһЩʱصƻá
ǰȴǶǰ¶̨

ֻǽߣмһȰεĹš
л쳾ٲڣֻСԺ֮УһͤһءС֮ͤУʯʯʣͤ÷㼸Ϸ

һ˲䣬ǵסĿɳǵض
л쳾߽ȥСϣŻ

һҹɴл쳾ֲ壬Ƕǰ
֮󣬻һֱϤı壬ûжٸı䡣

л쳾ٿڣԼомʡ
Ǹ·꣬ڹҵˡСǰĻƺû

˫עӴ⡣ǵȵòͷˣ££ϵɴ૵ֲ𣿡
㴩л쳾ߵεĹǰ

л쳾ٴκ
عһɲǣл쳾пϲΪԼǣֻ̾һԼЦѽæЩҪ͸ɳü

˵꣬ߵСǰ̿һ飬볭
סʣ˼֣ӵһߡ
֪Ǹôĵšһ߸̾һСͤʯϣȴ

л쳾ͻȻףǿԼġ
Բ֮ڣֻԲΪƻ˳Ӧ߼̵һЩ档

ǰĻԶȴǸļ
ĺ

л쳾ǿԼ뿪Ǹڻˡ
⣬Լп׷Ѱα

ǿԼ飬Ϊʲô뿪֮ʱ̲ס
¶̨ûԼʱ򣬻ʲô
ӡеҲǺܳʵġ

ύˣÿÿЩƷ㣬ԣ£ġ
סҩʩҩһ
Ϊ裬ġ
ôһˣôĵȴ¼أ

л쳾һƿǰɢڵأɢ
ʦԾɲ۲ϵķģ뾡ҵħڡ

Щʧ̵ľ£һҳһҳ
ٲǰһ̤˵壬ҷƵ

һΣڰǰ˸Լ
ӹػ

ǰԼü΢壬
л쳾΢ߵԼǰȻûܹţɸġ

ֻۿŵ⣬һʳУһһ˶
Ǹʱﻹй⡣ԼЦӯӯص֪շæص࣬ȳɺã

ǰл쳾ĮȻ¡
΢Ȼл쳾ͻ䵭⡣

˼л쳾ȴײ
ǰ壬ȴֲܾܾڡĻ»²⣬ʧ͡

ǣֻĮҪû֪¶̨֮⣬ǶŮ鳤֮
»ĻȻͻԶ̫ϰߡ

Ӧһʳзϣֿ˰ķһۡ
л쳾û

ֻСǡǵóһ
ˣӦҲӦֻǵ¡

û˵
л쳾ȥϵЦݣʧתɲǡ

Ȼ߳⣬ӵʱһЦЦݶׯ壬ǡûܹκίһ
Ƶͬһо˴к
Ѿܹǵ˵֡

л쳾Ҫһ·ֻһɢĻ档
вԶǰѾʧ·;


ʵ뷵ҷƵʲôࡣ
ܡ
󣬾ػ֮С
޿ɻͷ




118.     ƽ̻궨ķ

һһʮ£
ɳ֮, ߡ
һ·ϣûκλմ˷ɳԼҪȥδ

ǰɳ, ¶ɫͷƺڲ
ɱȥ, ɳɳ˷㾪ϲûܴϣ
ɳ۶ڱǶѾɳֻͷ紵, һҲݡ

ſ
߹ķڻ

һֱǰߣ֪ԼҪȥη
ǰ·ңңҲʼڻϸɳ, ȫɳɳ졣

̫, ЬӲĥɳ, ¶Ľֺͷ
ԽЬӶˡ

Χз紵ңҶ, Ѿɢڵءֻʣͺ֦⡣
Ǳ£ֳ˳ª״

һ, ڻĻ˼䡣, ޳ɿաԽ˱Ʒ衣
һһ, ǰС

ұȫ, , ûеõ롣
ΪʲôûУ

ԲУһл쳾ǿд롣Լ
̫Ĳ⡣

һٶȺ֪֡һǷ磬ֻҪһϣоԭ

֪ʱȥ˶, ɳӿˡ
̧֣Լָ߳һϸɳ
Ҳʼڻˡ

Լ֣еĻң֮ǿҡ
̻궨ʮǧ

̫·ǽſʼѪ
ԼʱģĳɢҲһɳѪ˫̫ɣżһ£ȫǷɳ

ȻȷǿЩȻûˮԴҲ˺ܶܶ졣
ǣ磬Ҳ֧Ų̫á

Լ˼ĩһδ
Բʦƿ֮С


ˣػҪԼ
ӦδѰ

˺ܾáʦ˻ʵۣһֱϾڳǵĻʹϾʦ㲢ڡ
ڡü뵽һط

ڣһ֮Ĺ
ھϾǧ֮ң

ûκηʱҲޡ
ֻ˫ţģ·ߣͽС

˫ţĥ¶˹ͷ
ɳɼơǰͬʥһǰС

ûκλһҲûС
ڵʱá˫Ű׹ɭ֣˫ֶɳֻʣ¹ͺͺơһؿԼڻʲôо

ҴԼɳʹֻпһľ
֪మϧԼաһȫˡ

ڣڿڵɽš
ŵһڣҲǴǰܡˣضʱĲк

żķһһڽء
ĽΪûȫʧЧ
ǷʵĹ桰һ֮Ĺ֣

һϧɳΣһǺȡ
Ŵ򿪵ĹţڡѪ

һ񲽵ĹĹӦıڽ⣬мŹ餡
ڣһ֮ûס!

Ĺвʲô餣ǺȻһ磡
һӣ

ˮ峺Ϸ
Ӷ԰ƽ̲

ֻҪǰһֻҪǰһܴǴ޹ˮ
վĹڣԲ

Ӷ԰ʦһڰĵۣ˷磬
һ类ʳ롣һȻһܸá

ӣ˼Уˡ
⣬ڹһİĺӡ

죬ȴû
ɤͷκˡ

ʦңң֣º͵ˡ㻹𣿡
˵˵⻰ʱ֡һֻĺָ⡣עãһֱǸĺӣʶʱΪܣ𣿡

׹ɭɭĽţ̤峺ĺ
ƴϴȥһɳȻˮˮ

һ̤о˲ʧ
һʱ䣬һǧʱաȻ㲻ˡ

ʦ¶һ˿Ц⣬ˡ
֪Լ˶ˮθѾʧȥ̧֪ͷãɤʣΪʲôң

ţʦü
ʣҵĲ룬ʲô̻궨룬ȻǸΪɷѿģΣ

ʦѡ⣬걾ɱʱ֣֮һյ
ü

ʦЦԣʧɱһˣԭΪŵޡɺϰħ飬Բ֮ʱŷһԹ󡣡

ȻѾ˳ƺҲһ飬ͼѰáҪӵǿԹ͵־ȴҪϵѰ˺ܶꡣ

Ļζסʣл쳾͸¶л졣֮󣬱㱻лܣ
ʦǼ°̫ء͢װоͫСʮô㣬žͫװںδ

ûлشѾҪش
кδȻ¶̨ˡ

Ϊ漰κ֮ܣʵƱ
˵ס˭ģ˭̤㣿

벻ôССһ˻֮ʼ
ﲻڵķӰȻȫֻһ㲦л赾ҵ˽ڵʵ֤벻⵹ǰһæ

֮䣬Įľ
ԣһܹ֮ҵңҲ㰵

ʦЦ⵹ûС᱾뽫ż꣬Թأáת̸ףСʮȲЩΪѰ㣬Ϳ콫˼ˡ

赭дȴľ
Щ꣬ʦһֱԲ͢κη紵ݶƿ֮С

ǲ롭ͻȻӦΪһǰѰңΪתʱҪ

ʦĿ¶֮ɫ־ͣл֮һֱĻԹޡƫƫǸңչǿ̻궨뻤Ԫô꣬ڵһʵ󡣿ϧ̫ˡǱֻ辶ϴ롣㲻ܳԲ֮Թѡ

ἰЩǽԼһѪ֮ΪԵá
ԣξ֮ʱȻȴˡ૵ΪǱ룬ҳ˷ɡҡһЩӻŮˡһֱӡ

ʦ㲢ϣֻǵ֣ӡΪ㣬ҲǷѾĻг֪޲ԣҲűĳ⡣

ʣҪʲô
ʦǴӦ̽⡣֣

̤ݣߡ
ʦŵЩڤ粻飬飬Ҳ᱾⡣䣬Ѿ취˵Ȱزѡ

ˣЩˣǸɳ硣Ƕţ
ʦ˵ɱԸ

֮ʣҲûбѡˡǱ»ܸʲôأ
Ȼ㰡ʦ㵭ЦǸΪԼɲݵŮˣ
˵ָ꣬̾㣬ϲ

ԲʦսĿԨԵõӴ˰̻궨롣Цº͵˵пĻ֮ҵΨһƽ̻궨ķ




119.  ˳   ɢ

һһʮ£˳
֮ҵ, Ψһƽ̻궨ķ
ʦ΢Ц˵仰

ûˡ
̻궨룬ǧ˶, ײ
ɽңҹҹλ, ǣ

ôܴ꣬˿, ֻôһ˿ϣ
һ߹һ㣬ֻνա

ʦı飬, ˹˳, 㻹أ
û˵, ƺҲȷʵ޻˵

˾࣬ҡ
һﳢ߳, ɳѪ͡ӴĹ
ÿһҪľȫһһ, ҵſ
ΪֻǱ, Ҳ

ܿſ, ָ򲻿š
ÿһϸ΢Ķ, ͬ˺˼һ, ָšΪûдָ̫ⱻѪۡ

ڣǴˡ
һﻺߡոյţͻȻǰһڣˤڵء
˹ȥ

һٴʱ, ڰҵĴϡ
ԭΪ»˷ֻ赹Լ½ͻش齡ǵͷطֲǣ
Ȼͷϣȴûʲô˿ڣ

ô£
֮ʱ֣
һٶѵſŲȥ

һΣϵĲյ
Ȼٴγش򿪷ţո̤һͻȻٴλ赹

һٴʱԾڴ֮ϡ
յúõذڷϡ

һˡ
ԶȬΪֻҪ̤һʱͻᵹص͵ⰵҵĵһ졣
ʱظڴ˼䡣

һƬĬһžͫ
ǽϵĻֻչֻ֮󣬱㲻ũϾ֮࣬

ļѩл
ʱһֻǲįֱ˵л쳾Ȼ
֮У£һﶢԺȴ˼ƾ֡

ǣȻޱɫûӰ
Ļ棬ԳԪ꿪ʼһꡣЩתϢİҹʱͫ飬ͫ
Ĺġ鿴ڣ볯ǲسǹĶʱֻҪһ̧ͷǰ

ϰߺܿ¡Ѳᱻˡ
¼šʵϣһӲôá

ŮƺһֱߣԺ֮С
ʲôڵˡֻһŮӣһͬС
ҲҪ˵һӡ

λ־ļΪ£
һﲢشֻÿһΣԺﶼˡ֪㲻㰮Ҳȫǡ

Ůɫǲ̰ò֮ҲʧȥֵĲŻȻҲĽл쳾޸
ûʰϰߣҲ

һ˵Լϲʲô
δл쳾߶ֻΣֻϰôһˡͷһ£ļ䡣

һﶢǽֻĻͷѾɨǧ顣
ƻһռ䣬ѳ

һɨ䰵ңһг裬֮һ¡
һŴ齣ССʡвյ

һͷٴעԼ˫֡ȻŲ͵ߣϵĲ
أӣһӲι̣ʱɢ˼ܡ

һﻺһȣˤһյ
յĽּһ飬ʼ̵ȡ˫ֲʹ׾ۡɲ֣Ƥ⡣ѪȴҲǰɫ

˰Σ̧ͷֻǽϵľ֮ͫУѾ˻ֻµ֮»ŷʺҶƬͬ֡
ֳ̾ȴл졣

һͷľ
ʮָѪģȻ壬ϾҲİľͣԼԿһ߾أ̨סܶܽϵ塣

Բ
һηľ̳Բ

һ²ͣ߼лʱ̧ͷ֮Уûʹûй¶Ҳܿ־Ϯ
ľ֮ϣһＫԲϵķһһػԭ

ɱϾ£ྫϸĵ޷ɡ
һｫĿͶϵĲֻһͨͨĴһʰþȱ˺ڣõԼҪĿ̵

ѴĿ̵һһ֣˼еķġ
ԲҪʮ־޴ԹʹࡣСȻͬȡ
ҲԲȡһСĿռ䣬ĶԹ

һһ£ɼǵ˿ڡ
ѪȪ˫ִѪľƵСɲǼ䣬Ժз䷭ɡһ֮ʹʮޣСȴѾ㹻ˡ

ǿнʱƽ
䰵Բƺܿ췢Լ⵽ƻҪ޸ǵһۿɼغת
ʱıƶˣ

һþȫԲҪ޸ɵƻռʵ̫СˣһٶһԼһȡ
ҵʹѡ

Ƭ̺һ죬ͬˮ֮
ǰİңīһ㽥ڻ

ɹˣ
һ̧ͷǽϵľͫ棬ֵڡ

һǰֳһ磡
վһӱߣӵĶ԰ɳǡݲվĴ˼䣬ˮ衢ﻨ㣬籡ɴ

һźӰߣˮ֮ɳ·ϴˢ̲񡢷ƻ
Щ̵ķݣҲϤ
ΪԹ֮ɽӣܲ죿

տȴһˡ
һŲӿ죬Ͼ˷ͷ鿴ԼֻѲǷŰ͵ģ
ΪػأȻǱˣȫԣв


ʲôʱ䣿
Լѵһ

ŲɣأȴһЩˡ
ЩվںӶ԰ãȻעһ֮Ĵ˷

ӣһ˻ƣŭ𣺡ֻУԴ˻ȡԹϵ
Ǵʱ˵أ˭Ļأ

бӣܿ챻ûһҪץգƾһܾ֮ȼˣ
ҲǼ˵ģӭŷӲǹ˺ӡ
ǣ˿ϣ׷ˮ

ԲУл쳾ѪһһΣСޱԹ糱ˮȴڰˮ֮еĻԹ⡣
ǰǵĻһ֧衣һǳɫ£ڲסϸҲڲסѩɫȡ

л쳾Уһơ
ѣõľ顣л쳾Ĭơ
ʲôû˵һˣ뿪
׷ֻͣ

л쳾ĽƿǰĻ󡪡ԭʱʲôû˵
ǶԺҲ˵롣
͵͵̾ԲУֽŻӦ

Щȿֺغ
л쳾ٶȵѪԲһҡΡл쳾һһϮĺ΢ýҪϨĻͬ޼ľħԼ

뻻һͷ
еһòã
л쳾ȥʧ㻺䣬ڽҪʱɢ̡




120.  2000   һжᡭ

һһʮ£

Բ, ϧѾγԳ
ӻҡԲкɫԹǿ޲Թˡ

˲ò⣬ȴ
Ȼ, ʣûˮ֮

ˮ
Ϣϸˮƽ, ָǰ쿴
˾پ, ֻԶϽ˶ۼ˳ҪûϾȴڴ˴ͣס

ӳ첽ӰߣֻӶ԰һƬ, Ȼ
ٷԼΧ, ɳ, ͬĩ

ô£Χ˵ۡ
ԽԽӰߣǻ

ôʦ, 𽥿Ӳϱ, β, ȦһԲε硣
һոµء

, 
ۿȥ, ͬƺҲûʲôͬ

ʦ㻺Ӱ, עһ֮ǣضɺӡ
ʱںĿƽʣڱǰʹȥΪ侲
ʦ㵭䡢ٲٿݣһ֡ת, ֮Ҳˡ

Ĭ
ӱߴ˳ɹɺӡ
ɹںӰ֮ϳ㱼ܣԼຣɴ˹Ķ˸Ӷ԰

ɺˮļЩɺӵˣʮһ
վڰߣĬĬעӡ

ʦȻԲ֮δƽϢ
˵գغӶС

֮ˣųǿࡣ
ܹӶ԰硣ҲΪ޸ɳĲ졣ˣҲܼĿĻơ

ʦ㣬䲽ĴҴңͬ·
ѵ˵ʵҲδȫⷽ磿

ɣҲǿԽ͵ġ񲻼һл쳾˿϶ԲСһѾ죬л쳾ŵѪ䱾׿Ϊ
һڿ

ʦ㿴ȥϾδ
ЩںˣΪԹԴȪ
ԣҪ˶ɺӡһǹ˳ҲǼǿԹȶԲ

ͷǰֳӰһۿϤˡ
Ӣ

ԭӶ԰ѾϾ
ƱɳУԲɼӢվںӶ԰ִ

ʦ΢Ц֮ܣҪȰǣزѡ
ѡϲ˶ġر̸ĸˡ

ʦͷ˵ǡǣͬҲ֪࣬𣿡
סʦǵڼҲˡֻҪжɺӣԺʱܻʵ
Ż۾ЦǵΪɺӲΣա㿴Ҫˣ޶һһסţҲ㹻ǻۣرޡ

ûзȻӣ˵԰˶ɺӶ
鵽ǰΪֹ̫
ʲô̻궨أ

˰죬ԳһЦʲôԥأ
߽Ӱֻһ̤ˮС

Ӷ԰ӢĿԶϳ
𣿡

ԽԽ˾£Ŀ⽻㣬һˡЩףһһţеϤеİ
ãתҪ˵ҪдɣѵҪҿɤӺ

ʦҲͬƽϣԻͳһݣݵС
Ǻݾٵߣȿȵؿ˼
ȻɫشЩңԶˣҲһ

λǻͷԼȹɢҡһɫվһ磬λԻ
עңʦվעһһС

а㲻ԣ̾ͻᱻơ
̫˵Ϊѡ

ڴʱⷽʵͻȻɳ
δ巢£ֻʦ㣿㾹Ȼ˹Σ

ʲôǹΣ
֪ǵźʲôʱѪһů⡣
֮Уһߡ

ֻ̣ͭ壬Ѫл˻˻š
۽ұΡ

һ֣Ȼƺӵޱ
磬е⣬ʱĿס

ȻǾ߸һ̺ʦͻ֮䡣
ʦɫڵһ˿㵣ǡ⡣

ϴˣһɽڻ
ûлͷٵʲôʦ㡣ĵԼ޷մˮҲɾ

պݣһһ٣Ե֮λҪɺӣʦ㱻ħƻ˵ԹʹΪ硣ΪԲƻŵԭҡǵɣֻǿ

͸⴫ݣ쳹ء
ЩҪصˣڿʼԥɡ
Ļûʲô˵ǵӰ̫ˡ

ԴΪ˶ʼŽɡ
ϣʦڱŭշһгǧ˿ǧӰ

һ˦βһ쫷硣쫷ײֻȻһ졣ʯɣȴԺúõվںӰߡ

ûκξţȥļսֻǶźӶ԰
ʣڿȴΪԼҲڶ棿
ȻҲǺܶɻ֮£±˷׷ʸ͡

ͻȻ⾹ȻԼװƵĸ߹ʱ̣
ֱͦɫʹ᲻̰ѣΪ
£óˡߣ

һһ֣ʼ˵ˣΪʦ㲻ͬͼΪƿаﲻ⡣ܿܿӻ
һƺ硣

ʦ޲һƽ¡
ɵһεزס
ʦк޼ҪᣡȻһźҪһΰɵһķӦ

ʦ㻯˲䣬Ҳһź
ħ飬ԭҲǻġ

аȻ˶ţҲδħϰߣζ᣿
Ȼʦް취ֻͬսһš

Ӷ԰ʣ绯ɳɺӣֻܵ
ƺϣպݣ޸ֻΪԲ֮ƻвֻҪɱʦ㣬Բؽػ졣

ʦһڶս
ͷȺӣ֮УвиˡѾ޷ǵĴڣͣͣ˵ҡ

ûټ˵ȥȺ֮УϢҲ˻
֮ˡ

ЩҲͬע
ʣʲô˼ѵҪԲǺò׻ƾʲôδ䣬㱻ҵϡ

УΪĳ֣ҵáֳԣ֮󣬴˿ɾ̫ˡ
ʦĻӡŮΪû֮Ѫȫ

ԼˣȴȰǸŭҿаħǱ£㣡
Ҳô˵ǵ
ʲôΣ˵ס

Ⱥӣһʱ֮䣬ʲôС
˿Ϊ⡪ϲˣƤǺ
뵱ƾŻ֮ŮĳӲز˸ӡ

̻궨̣֮Ǹķˡ£شҶ֪
̻궨룿Ȼ˽֪۷׷ס
ڴ˵أܸˣԲ¡

ΧһƬžڻͷһסʦĵһ
΢Цŵҷһ֮Կ׶񡣾λ֮УĸףԵֵӡǶˡǣվΪ˶žԽԽ˾ͬһ˼¡

֮УȻܱ赭дļ仰˵
ȴǶеĴݡйâһȴĽٳ
ֻһƬǿѾʦ͵һսȥ

ʦǰսԣеһ
ǵһҲأӡ񣬻ս֡ȻΪ㣬ʦʱ֧穡
ڣĽ䣬Ѫ˳ָ䡣

ԲУкӦʼ
л쳾ʦҵģ
ֻһƬ֮Уһɫķġ

Բ̣ԲУʮ̶ȾСк졢ơɫ룬ɫΣ̡ʱԲΪ֧㣬ߡ
ķĲʱ˸л쳾ԷҲ֪֮ϸãסɫֱΪꡢ¡գ

л쳾սʱգ⶯ָ롣
ָѪߴ
ߣˮƱ羪ӿˡһ˻˻һһ͹ʦ㣬һߵ˵ʲô

һﲻͼ˵ȴһл쳾ͼԲ
ߵͷ°Ͳڻͷϡ־ʤɱ˵
ʱʦͶ·͵ػھǰһӰ漴

Ȼͼ
ֻͷѣվȡ漴һź˹һã˺ҧʦ㡣ʦ㱾ƻٶȶȻ͹˷ĵһ

ĺһ˲ͱһʳʣ޼ƺһ͵ػΪڵءһѪ

Ул쳾ѹ
ʦ㼫֮ԲΪ⶯ɫ룬ʹ֮һһλ
ǬתֻͷһѣΡ

ʦԲҪٶȶλɴʱԲʵ֮ʱ佻һ̤գޣʧԲ̨֮ϡ
磬ܵǿҵĲ㻺ڻ

ܵڻαסǰľߡ
Ŀɲȴ΢Цš

һ߰ӣĿᡣ
ǹ۽ǵƣʦ˵ά磬̻궨ΨһĽⷽţûƭҡ

ߴͷ˫֮ͫУԼݡḧͷ˵֮һš㡭ͷϵĽɡ
һȻ̧ͷѾٻΪֲ˵۽ʪ֮ͫУˮ

ˡʵûôǿϲʳڡߺܺãҶԣ̫ʹˡŬ΢ЦԼõ̬һһжɡ
߳ĬעֱҲڻ




121.  ϰ˵   ûС

һٶʮ£԰

Ӷ԰, ؿޱȹһĻ
԰磬һһŤήڵ󣬻ޡǰĺ, Ҳʧ֮С

Щɺӳɹˣʱ˾ֱ, ܿ죬Ҳɢ
ٶʱ, ԼȻϡԲѾָƽϷķ׷䡣ȥƽ졣

Ҳ޷Ųֺעǰ, ĹսԭʱѾ˰
߽, Ųǡ, һֻѪᴥ֫, ƺȷǷܻͷѾ֪˭

һ
о¶, ҫ, ΢΢ش
, ǰ߱任, ǵһתΡĿɨ, л쳾˶ɫ԰ףŲҲΪԵƮѾĽһѩ±ѪȾĻ

Ŀֻͣһһǰ
ֹ, һëҲûΪضᡣ˵лʶ㣬غùĵҲ

л쳾ڿ࣬ȴǲȥ
һߡŻԴ£Ʈ⡣
˼ͣ

ǰʣΣץסʦ㣿
䣬ٶ
˵⵽ô£ǳ͢Ⱥգ

̻궨̣֮ô£̻궨̲֮ǱŹ֮󷽿ʩڱ˵
ǲѾȫˣ

ʽӭл쳾ҲƮȻ
һﻺȥյѪ÷ʦѾʧ١ԲлƿءһСݣ޸Ҳػš

ĿۼֻеҰݣһɳֻʣ΢׳ĸʱȷʵۿɼٶȣڻָ
ٶȣҪʱָܻ糣ܻЩˣԲãû˵ǵĴڣֻӰ򣡡

ôһ˵˰󶼼ˡ
˵ʲôƨѵǵͲһʱ֮䣬˻áִݡ

һʵڴ¡
ڳ֮͢ԣ˽ⲻˡ
ʱ򣬱˴ͷ֮˸Ȱ˵ߣٺ󣬱ȲԸߣɱߡ

Ȩӵϱۣ飿
ḧĳձ䣺λ޻һΪߣ˽

Ļͷ˫ƣҪ̲סЦ
󣬵һ֣ḧա侲ݣ˵һЩ޻Ļ֮ʱԱ˵֮䣬ɽθ˲ḰҲ֮顣

𽥰ǧĿ˻ۡ
ϧǰ赲ŰգǽӽһˣʱҲ

һﱳֱĿ絶棺ڣԿԸһ֮ȡ壬ηЧ֮
ڡڡڡϧŭָ
л쳾ȻҲã仰

һ˵ʲô
˻ӦȴǴľʯĴΣһԨԴ˭˲֪
ǻǰİĽߣ׷ޡ
ڣ˵ԸηЧ֮

ˣӢǰҪΣΪ˴ﵽĿģã붼룡
һû˵磬ŻܿӢᡣ

л쳾ǰǰ¡ӣжĬԡ
һ֪侲˵ôһ

л쳾ߡΪ仰ڸס˫ϥ֣ƣɳƣߣòã

Բл쳾󣺡Ҵ뿪ţӣһһȥо̻궨Ľⷽòã
һԣӢ𣿡

֮һҲǲ̣գֻۣЩ
Ӣ棬סļ磬ͬлĻգһգۡòã

Ŀնޣȴٳٲ
Ӣл쳾Ϣȴֱ

һҲûжҲڵȣƬ̳ɣʱ֮ԣֻһʱ嶯
ᡣ
֪ᡣ

һḧĳжմȾϸ塣֮˵ߵģ㲻˽
л쳾ѴᣬЩºͲŶ׵һߣ˻𣺡Ҳ˽Һޣ
һ侲һʯͷ˵ޣȴ֪ԭһôꡣ

л쳾סһʣԲڵĻգһգ۰ɡ
Ӣϧл쳾˵עĿ֮£գգۡ

лڣ
ֻǵһֻԼȴûԣһô̵顣
֮󣬴ɳд紵ػݡô찡
ӣ˶η㣬Ѫİ

ϧ˶ûٳԷԡǡѡ
򸴺ԣ

Ӣ˫л쳾ڻһѣʧȥʧȥ
һｫǰ˶ױݾ¡ѷŮӡ٣Ŀɢ޽㡣
ţôһˣȻǸ

һǰֿ
Ѫ۳֮УüĿӢͦĿ缤յĺۡ
һ̤ŻĻɳҪҵĳϧ׷ңؾѼǲԪ꣬Ǹǰɲ׵ꡣ

ңǷҲׯ£˵ضԻ
ʱ˵Щʲôأ
һһֶǵˡ

һ֣ӵ뻳С
ԼؿڣȥԼͺǰɲ־İʮ´ǸŮһǳǧ֮С
ؼСƣŽյůϲá

ᣬֻܲٴһ·á
ȥɡ̧סͷ롣ᣬ·ҪֹסеѪȥɰӴԺ󣬲ʹˡ

䣬
ֻʹ֣ΧûһȺеϢ󣬺ͻƾǶ￴ȴ˭Ҳûǰ

ϸ飬ХŴ
Щ顢ϲԹԵԵа٣һ
ջĿ⣬ǰȻֻʣ˵һڵɽôӺôҲꡣֶôݰ˵ټ

壬Ҫ
һӵֻһգۡɵ̻궨γ˲䣬ɳ
ɫϸɳ硣һ֣ɳҫ۵Ĺмָ죬ѪĲɢ糾

ߣڶ̴ٵһ˲ڰ
ӴԺ󣬲ʹֻ࣬ʣδźҹİߡ

һΪԵΣ֮Ӧһ԰סһһ䶣
ûС
ϧûС




122.  2200   Ĭ

һٶʮһ£ɷ

ϸɳ, յϦҲȥ
һﴹһƬĳɳϾˡʦΪͿ̼б͢ѷ, ˭ִ֣

վԸ, λԺΪ
ϢҲڿڵϵıɳ֮, ԭ㱺Ϳڣƴת׷˺¡

ʦԹƿԲ˼ʧ, ʱߵ, Ӷͼؽٴ
һл쳾ƴֹ, ʹı
ЩΪˣȴ

Ϣ߳Ⱥ, 󿴼æһĸ
Ϣʵ׽, ΪϢһδ߶⺢Ի, ʱ߲, Ҳǰׯ, Ϣɵȡ

Ϣǣ, ǰ
עȺλϢ˰ĸ
Ⱥһɧֶڴ˵ʮİ

Ϣ, ڰ֮ʱѻȪǰ⺢һƬТģ֮ұܿѣ񡣡
һ˵˱ˡ

ʣ㡭Ҳи֮ˣ
ǡϢͬӵ͸ǣҲᡣ
ãչϪ˵öԣǲֻԼ˵Ŀѡ

˵꣬ߵһǰ
һĿԣ΢΢һЦͷлл㣬İ£Ѿ˹ʶĿӡ

һ˫΢ȴվʲôҲû˵
ԼΪ̸ʲôأ
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һｫִļ磬ѾƲָץյۣѽصѵúܣҲҪ̫ţǼˡ

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˵꣬ʰϢڵصǵβһϵѪҲͲٿɲ

󽫵ںͷֿһ۵һ˵ˡ룬˾䣬ѹˡ
䣬⣬ѪȪ

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л쳾һһĳɳȫʰ

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Щ޺޾ĺɫ֮УҲɳƵͳȥ

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գ˾໹ڵǼǸߡ
֮ʥ׵ڰҩΪ½ȥ޸Ҳۿɼٶȼӿ졣ɳڼ٣ЩҶѾɼ̡

ôһɫѾԸϣ
λҪԲڡܿ⵽ϧ˵ķԡ

ԲԲԲϧص
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쾫ҵܿУȥħԣ˵
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Ȼ˻˱ҲֻС˼ϿѩͩȻˣԡ

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л쳾׹ǣѰһأȫᡣ

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123.  Ϣ   ŮϢ

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һգ׵۵ǻ֮ĵһ糯

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ΪһƮ׳˻ĸԸأ

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Աߣܴһǡҹѵ֪˾ı𣿡

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124.  Ҫ   

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, һУڿյڵĳֻƧ
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δҹȴ
ܹɽҰǹׯĿޱȡ
һҪ˽ĻѪһ̶Ǽ尾

ǣ̫ƽˡ
ͣ½ŲôǾñط꣬ƺӦûЩ˼
סͷ˼Щ绨ѩһһһ顣Ȼ˸ˮߣ㾫ϴȹǳɫе

ɫͻȻ㻯ˮ̡ͷŷ֣ԼһȹȻѾˮͬɫ
ԼױʲôΪǿ
вұǳ˰ɣ

ǣװ̫ˣ
ϸȹԼѡһ׺ɫɴȹɴȹ壬ճ°ڲ̵˿߲ƬҹǺǧ

Ƭ̣ᷢޣϺɫεķΡ
һƽšһϾʱɷԹ

ҹͣʮ⡣
ǣδ깤Ů⡣ǰͥŲת֮䣬һšȹǣУײײҵطء
ƺ⣬ʲô׷ϣ

б޲֮⣬ֻܶ㵽֮
ûɫҰɫŮȴѾΡ̧ͷǸͷ̵ˡ

ԣңң
߽ɲǣϲáһֿ˰

һȻ
˸֮ĽǶȣȻܿʶŮӣԴȹײײش
ǺεԵ

һ룬˳
ڴ

ڵ̵ˣҲͣ֡
һվһһǰ꣬ȥֱҰˡĿ¶֮ɫ
ҡ׷ҡС˵ֳ

һķӦһ顣
Ȼ;òһ
һסĲӣ

ӦʱһѾһץסһֻ͵һĹ
ֻһӦ飡
һκ˶ܵ

˻Ϊ̳ͬϢð죬ӵŮ⣬˵
ǡȤ

ֻϲѹ
ôǱˣܾһҲ

ò¾£壬ŵһһȻأ˺ȴ
ãȷʵͨ򾫹ˡ

ٵϷһǣһµ⡣
Ҫô֤أ

һδɫʯٴκ֡
֣Ѿɬۿͨ졣

ʯû׶ֹͣˡǸ˵ı飬Ҳ֪ķӦ
ֻм˵Ҳ֪ʲô£һˡ

ô򵥵һ仰Ȼȡˡڵĵһ
нʯ񱳺ŲǸ˹Ȼٴ

ŲԽԽУҳ
ô֤Ұ

˼磬ľѾܡҪ˵ʲôţ
һǰĿ¶⣬ޱ顣ʱһͷҰޡ
ߣ
ǵģһߡ顣

۾˵Ҵڴϴ裬ˮ
仰˵ִֿ

ǰĽŲͣˡ
ԽԽ٣˫Ǻ죬Ӷʼ̡
û뵽ﶼˣҪ̣
ģ




126.     ɱҰɡ

һٶʮ£

û˶, ֵãС۾
һվǰʯĻҳҵķ˿, ֻ˫۾, ͸ĺ⡣

һٴ, °ͣ㿴ңһˡ
ֹ˺ܾãһָ֡ıǼ, ס, , һΡ

㡭һﳢ˵һ, ʣµĻȴԥ˵
ڻ, һֱ, һ˲, գ֮䡣ɶ˵, һʮ١޻ս, ٿȺ˽̸ϲǿ⣬յʯ񡣵ȵˣһѨԳߡ

ȥյĳЦ, ȴûˣûˡ
ſ˫ۣҪסһȴĻҳǺÿԲѡ

ΪӦзƽкơû뵽һƲסĿԣһߵôǱ
룬Լе񶼸л쳾ˣ˼̻֮УǲΡ

СһϲɾһС飬촽ȥһǣϲ
ʱͳ﷨淭

ʣʲôôֱôãоҲǺܼ
һһߵ˵Ұۡ
һû˵ȴȡһᡣݵǰӹչ

һĵԲ˵⻭һƬ̺һϷҶ죬ƣһСԺԺǽߣ
Ժһǧ

ǡδأһһʱǰһڣ
һˮ۾ԼһשСԱ߱ˮ̡ҶƮ㣬УһƬҶ

ǰСԺӳڳ֮Уɾ˷
кź󾱶æתͷһվ
ʱ·ͣͣãǰ²ִ٣ַأòá֮ұ龳

Ŀ΢̧ӣ롭һܻأ
Ͷ֣˽
ûйϵʲôûйϵ˼ǱҲҪֻҪꡣ

һϵĻҳմȾ˻ǳɫȹᱧ𣬻߽СԺ
СԺɽ̨ͤ䣬Сɾ¡ϸһѾҴҽԷԷ⣬ȻһȪ
Ű񣬴ݻ

֣Щ軭еİɣ
һһŵϡ˵̫ң̫֡

Բ֮ϡһܻ䣬кЩá
˵̹ҲȻ򣺡Ͷˡ
һ룬ʣòҲܲؽѡ

ΪҪؽһϵһȻصΪ˶Ըʦ㣬ˣҸǲ㶪Ҫĵשľͷ쾭壿
һΪȻӦѾ¡

Ҫ£һȴס֣ðԼ
ŶӦһȴվŲһ￴ãڵ㡭ܲȳȥ
Ŀĵضð죬͵˹ȥ£ҽǸˮɣ裡

һҪ㿪ֻֿһˣ浹Ȫ֮С
׷ŵһҪ衣
ɵһڶ֪ΪʲôȴԸоһüٶȵԼ𣿡

װĽӲɵðɡúϴϴиɾá
һȴֻǵ﷨бС¿ԡ֮ԻǰѰ㡣

䵭
ðɡ
˵꣬תȥ׼һ⻭С

һֱȵ뿪һ¡ˮ֮УԼ塣ұۼǰѾһƬɫۣ
ǡĴۡÿ֮ʱЩʱʱ̿Ǹʲô

һｫˮУƬ֮һڳ·
뿪Щ꣬ʼϰ⸱ˡ
ǡϰ

׵һΪξܾԼ⵱ȻΪ̫Եʡ
⴦Сϣ⵺ҲǴݻ޶ȡһﱾͲǸ֮ˡֻǰЩʹķϣһ硣
ɻԽԽϲһһľһˮһɳ޲⡣

һ泯ˮ˫£״һˣ
ˮػӦϲֻȸٴθߺһһˡ

ڻﴫ͸˻⡣
˼紵Ҷҡڴﲥ֣١

ֻһˣѾ˺Զܾˡ
ʦǰһƬɳΧӦһӡ͸ɺˡϸĻɳ̾磬ÿһоθɳ

ߣΰˡҲס𺣬˼뿪˵صİ취
ܣһɹ֮˼кβֻͬǱʧˡܲ䣬૵ֻһССʧܰˡֻҪ㻹ʲô͡

ƴ֤ԼȻ侲
һˣÿһɳʲôûС硣

л쳾ȫƿԲᡣȻ˲䣬ʱתԶ֮ⷽС
ⷽɳ磬֮ȥδ֮
ɳһ׹ǶûС

ʦһһ̽ı߾ÿҪ̤ɿݵĺʱʱ㿪ʼá»صⷽģȻʼһ档
һСӶܳƹΣûɹˡ૵ҿԵġһԵģ

ټ磬տԡû˭ܹӦ
ʦƣòǰУĻɳڵءֱ䣬Ϊûˮѹѡɳ˿֮УʼʹͿʡ

ȱˮζѾö겻һ˫ħ֣˺Ƥ⡣ֻվһһɿݵĺӿߡ
ֱҪ̤Ӵʱãص롣Ȼػ֮Уظ߻ɿ

ŻɳʼЦȻأ֪Լ˵ʲô
ʱաƣ߽߳磬ֻʱص˼ʱʱš

ת˲ţʣµʱ䣬ڡ
ʦ֪Լסˡ
֪Σ

Բѻ٣һֻأýѡ
ɱңɱҡ޾ɳ֮У˻𡣵ģ˻ҲʼơɳĿڱǣڱߣܾۣ۾ɳϮ

Ϲˡ
ֻôһһǰУ߿ߡ
ңҡ֪ʱȥ˶ãһֱֻзԼİ޻ġ

ҵʦ㲻֪١
Ωдʱ֪о

ɱҰɡ˫Ŀ죬૵
ɳ۾һѪᡣҵ˿Ŵأʱ߻ܲӦ




127.     Ȼ

һٶʮ£

о
ҵǼǧ, ȥ˫סߵĹչǡñҶ, ΪһƬ
һƬĲݵأ, ǧƵػε۾оԼһƬҶ, ڿƮ

ͷŹ˯ˡ
֪˶ãнŲ𡣽Ų, ȴȻѡҿɱΰ
̧ͷ, ֻһȻɫ, ϵ̤ѥͷźɫñ, ñԽ˿˫չ

ô꣬ٱ任װ
, ûб

ע, Ϊ̫, ѾǼеģЦ, ŵľ, ɲǼɢ١
һֻҪڴ˼䣬ҶԸ

һߵ˫ĺ󱳣һơǧ߸ߵص
ǳɫȹв˫ס, ˸߸ߵӭ죬ֻ˻صϡ
һվ󣬷ˣȳʱѤáԼתͷһ۴Ҷ⡣
ԼѾϲĹߡ

һ
󣬵һӦţ
Ӧ𣬻ڰģҾúòʵ

ǣǧٴ˻صʱ򣬵һﰴסߵǰϥֱס§ĲӣָḧŪĶ
õգȻһСʤ»顣
Լɲԡ

һ߱ģһߴչȥ촽ҧҧĶ䡣
һӦöİʾΣҲǼ˵ġɴʱһԥɿվȥε˼Ȼ徲ȴֻǻ龳Ҵȥߡ

˵꣬һǰ䡣
̺㡢ǧһеһж˶ȥֻصδɵŮ

һվǰã
ϴ˸裬۷һ£ֻϺ룬ȷʵкܾδˡ

֪ܣȻȴҲֱ˵
Լڵ⼸ʮ꣬ʮּѡΪŹ֣ʲôǣŵһ֣ǿȥҡ

˶٣Цǲˡ
һĬƬ̣ҰεͷϽ֮ͻ󶼡μȴδ˵ʣµĻʹȴЦ֮Сߣȥҽ㣬̸ĸ

Щ˿ڱƳᣬ˻ȥǣһ֣Ӧöڰɣ
һһ΢ɲü

ˣʣѵЩ֮꣬䲢߶
һﲻ𣬻̧֣뷢ʣжûлع˾ˣ
⣬ԱĬ
סĲӣͷؿڡ֮һߣȥ̸ĸҽ͸ĸѧ˵ھ⽣ڣ

ŵһǰߣһҲԡ
˽ų̶죬ã⽣ڱǰ
ʱ伱Ҵҵ߹ʮ꣬˵Ըıʲô

վǰǱıɲ֮䣬½ص
һûǰСİɣôͻȻš
ңһü

⣺У
һﲢֻͶϰɲʱŵӾͳ£˲ÿաء
⻰˵úܿȴס
˲ڣŵӱ㲻ͨ

ĻظȻϧ򸾶˲Ը͡
һһȴ⡣취
ǡΪ㵱εҵ̻궨𣿡ֹסеĲ

һһƽƺֻһ΢¡ס֣޷Լߺһ˼䡣

ּһЦҧ䣺˵ȥ𣿡
һüӲ
Ϊ͢ˣʵһ֪оֻ²
סδڣǣ磬ӲͷƤ壡

ӻûӦ;ſ˽ȥһֱȵʱ˷ſǳǳĲӰ
ôţ⽣ڶʱҳһƬ

ŲӰһ壬ֱӢײ˸Ľų죡
Ӣеʾո̤ţͱһɾײ˸۽ǣò׿һˡ˾һ

һӢҲһ㶡
ϵĺ룬ԿǺþòˡܿ죬֮ľȥüôţѵ֪Ϊ𣿡
ڴʱһŲӰҲӵһĸ

ӢһһͷǸϤˣ
ǰˣɡʱϧҵѸսһۿʱҲĿࡣ

ð죬ʣ⡢ô£
ò㶼ˡӢܣȥ˵
ϧ֪죬ȴ˽ȥӢµӣżҴҸ

Ȳ裬ѵ£һһ˵ˡ
ϧüͷ壬˵㡢˵㡢㡢𹩡
ǡĿһ£ҵȫԸŮ𡣡

ǺϧʶҲľľ
˼ССкΡƾƾ֤
ӢüͷһšҲԼɷ˼Īð

ϸ˵ſǱĽ̸ֹ˽δ䣬ϧǰһ͵ס죡
Ӣϧ𣬺ϧ

ηվ󲽳ȥ
Ŷʱ򡢷򡢷ˡ׷ȥȴֲңð죬˻һԹϱ

Ӣܿ췵أһƱָźŵҵţ
˵꣬Ż֣úӣн컯ĸͽȥӾһ˺úһ

ʧе˽ǮȴǸŭԡˡ£ţ
ΪΣӢƷΰ
ϧ

һﲹ˵Ըп̰
ϧæԣ
Ӣ΢ܿҲӦ

ϧ˵öԡ
ߵ·һǰ˶Եĵ·
˽֪Щͼˣ˭֪ܸɳʲô£

ϧ˵ʦʦ֮֮šƽƽϢ١ˡ
ã̸˵ǡҲܱ¶ݡҲͦãѾˣԺһձǡ

񾴷ԥȻ
ϧ̾⡢ҲǡΪΪ㡢á
ͷ̸հԶ˾壡˵꣬һм˵̸Ь׵˽ǮҾͲĸ˵ˣ

һһȲս۵һһء




128.  ²̫˳¹^^

һٶʮ£

ϧ벻, ⽣ڵʱָôԼ˽Ǯģ
ڣ궿ˡ

ӢֺֺЦԼֶŮǰ, ѵָָֻϧ
桢桢Ů
ô˵, ȴȡΧȹ³ȥˡ

Ӣ, ĸȥӾһҳԸȻʲôݡ
žᵽƾֻûüʡʱ, ûĸ

, ƾӢʦͽһ, ӢҲ
Ӣ̾ҵʹֻ⵽ײСϥ, ҷҲԡ

ˣ˵, Ըڷ, ӡ
Ӣľ
ͷ, ĸ㲻֪ͨ, ȥѰ

ҲáӢһ۵һ, ã˵Щꡭ֮߶Ҳ֪֮²Ӧּô꣬ʼںܾ⺢ӳô࣬ϤչˣΣٻڡ

, չ˫ۣرס
Ӣƽò˵̸ǣҲǽⲻᡣ㲻Ҫǡ
һ糣ס

ſӢֵǻð֣ڿʼҾͲˣʶ˶ʶѽ
ʼգӢѰ졣

ΪҪܣϧӢԼӶû
ͬٷ
ٶἰһ£ϧ㡢ԡѾѾ̱֮ǡ

Ѿɴ۾һҲǶ΢١
ӢȴҲáЩ꾴İգʵԼǲϲԷ֮¸ǻ

һؽ⡣
ǲ⣬ȴòΪǡ˼һ󣬵ҲáұŮ˵꣬૵̾벻벻һõԼ

ԼͽϲԼ˼¡
գΪԼȡȾΪ˵һŮ

磬ȵԹͺ͵һһ𣬷˾ࡣ
Ӣͺϧһֱͳš˴ӻͳһֽأ̳档
ϧˣٵ󣬻ϧһǶ䡣ſΪԼ˽Ǯ˳

ãʢӢƮƮ
һһ֣˸롱ֵƣӣɣ
һü֮΢㲻ˡ

ô΢ˣŮɶ㽨ġһǽ壬ԺȨˡ˭ά
һپŸϡ

Ȼƺ뵽ʲôϾ⣬˵԰Ϊ첻ŷˣô죿
ڳеĽ£ᡣ

ʣһأ
ΪںùƷ㣬ɫ˾ᷢ
ƽоԼѰֱ˸졣Щϣܻؾ쳤
ײˣԿŵһ

һûоֻܾ֣Ҫһ̼º͵ܲܡ
һḧĳҲǵ˴ʱʶ˵ò
ԶҪ˾ȨȥάŮ

̧֣º룬Ѫ˵ҰѺˣòã
һһԼĴ﷨浶
һͨңһͷڳϣ˫Ŀ΢ء
ĻӴ﷨ҵʲôûܡ
Ӧûеġ

ҳ浶ҵ͡
Сһͷϡ²üѵһĺɺ꣬ȻͿͣСΪ
з治ʱӹ򦡣ߣżҲ
ɼ˱۾˯ˡ

Ͼ˾ࡣ
ſͣ¡

۾ҪС˵ŮЩ£Ȼֻ
㣿ü
˵ԡҪԽ䵭ԽԽáֻղŻ飡

ǵ㻹³
װˡֻõ³

˾ſڣѾ￴ϲ˾죬ǰϡ
ȻǸְŮʷźã

˲Ű³ܴǰڻǰжʵ˿̵һˡ
Ŀӥ˱ֱŭȴ˲ֱӡЩ˵ƺһ㡣

һ۷żµĺ룬о̾

Ϊþò飬ſѾϵˡ
ϵĹۣʶõġ

࡭Ųš
Ͼڣ֮վһˡ
һл쳾ʱеһɵչ¡ڵ£Ѿͽ˶²⣬Ҫ˶ã᳹λΪ档

һ˾һʦʱ֮ǵ֮塣
л쳾Ĺ˶ԴһֱĶധ⣬֪л쳾һս˭ʤ˭

ȻȻΪʤ֪һ˶ǹϵġ
϶Сڳ֮ܡ֮Уʮ˳챦һ˵ʤлࡣɡ
ɵһҲ伣ˡ

λѾֻʣ˵
ܲ

˲ˣֱȥȴҵһ·ڡ
һั»䣬Լλټ׷׸

ߵݣмԡ
»͵͵ȥֻһ࣬Ȼǰ𲻴һſһ󣬻һˣ

ัһעӰΣʣλǡ
ȻʶǻϾˡ
Ŀ֮£ɳɢัȻٽԼҼ˰̡

Դһ飬ΨЩ֪顣
һҪֳһ˵ǿ̫λˡƮƮصŮ

̡Ů˵Ŀ⾡ڻϣɡ
һΣǻ˭

ҲǸ۾˵Ϲĸ֣æһݣȾݼλˡ
нβסĻš

ޱϤĻɣȴֲȷ
»
ҪͣһѾΪŮ˲赹ˮҲô˴ȥ衣

ϷǺܿ찡
æӵصϢŭūȥ
æ˲跿ŲҴҵȥˡ

һһ̬ȣʱ˼֡
ǰԼҼô

ǣȵŲˮصʱб㶼ֳɫ
ϻ̳ϿֵؽˮͽȥһĿ䣬š
ǡһݣæȥ⡣

»һ㱨Щ˾һ߲ʱ⡣
šҲһģһ
ֱ

ſڣ߿
һ桢̸ȳĻסк棿
СҲа

ʶǡ
˫۷Ź⣬ʣ
ɣü˳ۣСһȾȾǴΪСŮȡġ

Ҳ̫˰ɣһͬ飬ʣȹ
˵˵ūҴһÿ
ֱһԼϲô
ҡҡͷֵͷηǿίϲģūұϲ

˼Ҿ簡ټ߷߲ƽ
Ϸ񫣬̿ʼͼӴףһ˳ܵص˶о֮ȻƽʱƢЩֻҪܸߣţҶĸԸ

˳һϷټ
ʱ»ͱѾ

˿˵ĹŹ֡
˵ˡ
Ӧһæȥ

ȥȲˣ
ัҡͷ̾ϣһԵıȴͻȻеҲá
⻰֣ڣ̫ˡ

˶ȴֻ𵶣Сӣ汫үѲȥ
һֱȵ뿪»૵ʱ̫ˡ
ʱ̫ˣ˵ʼеˡ




129.  ɫ   ˵ɣСӡ

һٶʮ£ɫ

鷿, ֹš
ȻʧˡߵԱߵĽ䣬ǰһܶʱ, ϲҷˡ

һ΢תͷȥվǸ, Ҿﶢ㿴Ȼ̼ȼաѩХŹ, ʱֽҳʷɳɳ졭
ᵽһſ˫ۡ

ӭӯһƬ⡣
뻳, 㡣һＫΣ, ḧĳ, ָỬʱʲôʡ

, ƵصΪˣ˺ܶܶࡣ鷿, ǲΪ˼һ֮״鷿ǽ軨, Ϊʲôô롭
̧ͷ, Ķ, ˵ձʵָ泤Ҳúÿ

һ˶ס, ͷԼ֡۽𣬴̣Ӳ⻬ĻаΣ
ѾԼ֮µ塣
ӽ㣿

ƿ, ȽЪϢ
ֻɿôö޶ԡʲô֮⡭̫ˣ

ʾ£˵ʣ㡭ϴαл赵ħˣ𣿡
ʲôĪ
°ͣοûϵҪġ
ʲôҪü

ʱ˵˵ιʮϲ롣
һҲʣֻõȽһˡ
˵գվҪţֹֻʣôˣ

ԥΣͻȻʣ񡭡ʺΪ᲻ǹмɵԽԽ⣬ʱʮֵǣǲɱɣ
һסðʧЦһ빬ɡ

ȻӦʣûʧ˾࣬ҲǺ˼룬겻ȥ
һ˾࣬ҲûԼСŮݣһ·ڵһ󡣴ʱǰͷƫϼȼ
󣬿ϼůãϲ

˼ԹԸԼҼ󣬻֮״޲̾
ʲôģ̫˰
뵱ȥĶǼţ»մһң߹һ·

ʹһһȥӭ
˹Ѿʱ롣
һͷŹ˴ʶĵ·пʹ⣬Ǿˡ

Уһ۾Ϳµۡ
ʦӭҲڵļӣЩ꾿ȥ˺δ޺ҡ
ԴǿУһЯڣĴΰˡһаãʥ
˻വʦʵȻҲ˻

ʱᣬδŮϢɿء
λǡʦʡ
һŮ

æʩһ񣺡Ⱦ¡
Ⱦʦ΢ȾüĿֱˡ
ѵ£һ裬ǵóȺȡ

ʦŷӦĽϢ£д˵Ů̬üĿŮζö˵

ǻ档

ʦйϣԻҲ˼ͬ顣
˵֪岻ƣرһա
һͬƷվߣǲ㡣˼ȴڲϡһΪսԶʤʦʣﲻжɣ

ϲ룬ʱȫɫ
ʦʷˡӣʮࡣԻͬ飬Ⱦչ˻壬Ҳࡣ裬֧ȡ

ǳʩһ񣬹Ӧһǡ
ȻȴϷɾ裬ۿһĴ´˲裬˵˵ԭȾա

డҲᱻ
ʦʵԭȾҲ裬ǹһģͷȫȾϡ֪룬̬º͡ߵҲæӦ

нܵһ⣬ضࣿ
ʲôķӰҲǷʤ

һｫյ£ʦʵ뿪Щ꣬вٴԣܵħٶȻ¡⣬һ԰ġΪΣ
һҲá˳±Ůףȷա

Ȼɰ
ʦɨһۻɸá

¡
͢ǸӷһﲻݵȣתͷȺ򡣡
ʦʲ޼Ӻ֮⣬ҲԷġʩһ񣬹˵⡣

һֱ뿪ʦʷ̾Ⱦ
һ˵һ߹۲һķӦһ﷭ϵļգޱϲ
ϲŭɫʦʰԸп

˵⣬мһˡ
ͷӧսףȺݡŵУȴʦʴ١ͻһˣעӡ

ڴʱȻͷֻб֮У硣
ˮ⣬˲ףײؿڡ

һۣҲСһ̬忡ٷ硣Ȼеʱл쳾
ȻһЦ漴뿪

ʱС
ʦʵ볯⼸꣬ҲǲſǰЩһԱͽ귽ʮűƽ˱
ŶһлᵹӦü

ʦЦкѣڵ⡣ڣ
٣˼ȴԲɻͷȻ󣬰ƽˤ˸ͷ

Цæ˦佫ù˲ɺͳ
߼䣬Сʣһλǹλ𣿡
Ҳ֪ĽΪ⣬ڵﲻ˼˵Ů

̡Ůͷԣɹ˽ȥ˽ˣû
վڵУ˲ü˿ȥӢôһ̫ӣ

ʦһԱæ˳ӡ
ŷӦæݵ¡ɨһ۵һְݵˡ
ʦŵ˸Σ

һɨһۣǸš
ʦʵͷйسʲôͰЦһһ䣺ǡüҲڣҲԻ

⻰˵úɫоҲڡ
˵һһۣۺϣʣ࡭˵԰ĩ
Сӣ˾ɣ

ʦʸһﶼ롣
ϾţǶ֮˵룿
˸ȷʵϳˣһҲ¶ˣѵɣ
˵ɣСӡ

ȻϲһһݣԶأĩųȥŮΪޣ


оȻɫ
Ҳűɫˣֻɫе̡




130.     ⵽ҵĸҵ

һٶʮ£

һ仰, Ȼ
ʦʿٿһ۵һ÷
Ȼʦʻ̬ȴ, æģĩδȢ, ôͼˣػԴҷĴ١

δ˵, ˵ЦȻϣǱ㽫нһʡ
ĸ֣˵ҧгݡ

, ո߳ȥû, ͱ׷ϡ
ǰҽ, ʥʵһ״ס, ºͼٻء

ʲô£ĪȴҲ˵, ֻǴߴٵЩɣ
ֻø, һ·صС, ʵʦ˫Ŀ, һ, ǸӢСĿһ֣Եáеɬ

üСһߡ˵ЦһˡԼ˼
ʲô˼ĪһЦò, һֲԤС

ǰİɫһ㳱죬һʣԸΪޣ
ϵˣɿؿһ۵һð죬ʼ˹һҡͷе˽£ҶԹһ飬Ը⡭

ززءٴοһ۵һǼ˹ˡæɽ⣬СŮ̷ֻˣ޶ġ
仰һһȥ

ͷʦһۣЦֻôҴʩǣ׷ȥ

㡭СŸϣ͵ҿʲôû
ʲôû᲻ߴȾʲôܹСĻʲô°ͷʣ¼˰ɣ

ͣ½Ųһ󣬷ûɻͷҲЦòҪô˵ҿɵԿλƤϼѣͷζҲ
˵꣬һͷߣ

Ȼûͱקס
عͷϼ˫ͫ
Цʲô
һﲻֻסһ˾˽

ʲôȭһ˻ῴģ
˲ܲˣһͷס

ӣ˵һ졣ԶѲ飬Ųʮ˶æҪƿȻһǧ˿
ϣ˿˿̡ҲˣС㲻ΪԼ֪塭ʵҲ⡣ֻҪߣʲôں

˫˵Ҳϡ
ɶɤʣʹ£Ҳ⣿
һȺ룬پߵĶĿбӣ޶á

Ͼǲ˼ôͥڵ˵黰ǣŵһ߼һɽ֮
ľˣԱһشΧֻˮҡҡͷ⼸η꣬Ҳˡ֮ʲôģǵͼȤζ̧ͷصԣʲôȱʲôҪǸʲô忡Ѫգܸ㡭

İο֮£Ŀﷺɱ
ʲôսҪˡֱǸ룡һһһ٣̬ɭȱʲô

ˣ˫Ȧסһ·ˡ
˵ˣǶҪԽԽС
˼ֱŭЦһѽᱧһмɽһʯż΢㣬Ż붴У

谵еĻţ㡭ʲô
˽ʯƣȻʼ½㿴Сȱʲô
Ѿκޣ

Щºڣʱɱ磬ֲٶȼŭ
ʯ⻨ٴ䣬ӰӰ´¡ֵǽǣ缲꣬һ׺ݵζ󣬻΢ûʲôⲻͦõ

ʱָıȴֻһƬӲϸϸԸоһĽšס֣̫ʯݳɵĶϡ
Ż谵ĹߣԼ壬һϣһɫ۸ұͫཥΪɫͫ

ҡŻ۾ȴ㡣Գһ´˫߲ۡ壬ֻصˮӴصĺ
ߵʣò㡣˱Ĵº˺ҧʹһ˶Ĺ̵ȼ

нŲǹŮԳر߹죬ƵȻǻֽ湬ŮС˵СӢ˰
⡭΢˸оˡȻԸӷġӢ䡱

˴ˮرߣһŮβ£ˣģ
ӣ˵ʲôòҪЦ֣п಻

ǡСѾͷƬӣ֪ʲô
ҵţκ
УԺ˵Щܲע㳡ϡ

ݺݵһظĴѰδҲʮ֡ˣȴˡܲ
ʱ򣬾Ѿڻˡ

˸ȻԼ˯һſͨ͸İ񴲣⣬һ𣺡ôˣ
æָ񴲣ⲻҲʦ˯İɣ

һʲôԵǹΪ׼ٴԭ׼֮󰲷֮Сûϡұ˼䡣û˯
Ŷŷģȥ

˸˿˰ʲôִģﾡɬ
ͷҲأȱһͭű֮ʱһͭӣ㽫һء

ǡﾡá´Ժ§סĲӣûлͷ˯ˣ
ҧҧĶ䣺ô˯ţ
Ƿͭ˫ֲøɾȻ˯ţǾɡ

ʲ˵ôһ֣ͱһ˿İϣ
һȰסؿڣ˯ţҲ˵˵԰ɣ
˳´ס۾Ȼ֣˵

ᴥƽ⻬ۣһʱ֮侹ȻҲֲ塪үѽ⵽ҵĸҵ
Сң

ȻˣСҲûʲôñ˵ڶͽ˾ࡣ
ˣʵĺɫŮò̲ס࿴ۡǰ죬⣬ܻյ

С˾Ӫ£٣ͦпͷ
ʵ˼۸ȻСǸűѧգղܿͱɹһ̼ͷ

ǣǰ컹ڿؽšСûãƺͱˡϰ
۹ƣӱ߳һ




131. []    Ӵгĺļ

һʮ£

ƾķ, ңԶϷ
⻧˼Ҳ󸻣ҷͼ, ҲԶĺ˼ҡ

Ͼһ·˵ǰɽˮҲΪ
˵زûйʵͷ, ȥȻƼҸ硣
վһ, мͳƼҲһ㶡

㡭ګګصú﹩Ϣ
㻹Ǻʣǻƾڲڣ

æ, ҵţ
Сż, ǶථҲ, ԼҴҽԺһƾ˳, ﻹһСŮ

СŮùɣƻ
ƾһһ߶Ūź, , ΢΢һ, ηһ̾Ϣ

ƽ, ˮ, ʣ˸ӣ
ʲôѽƾŮ
ԣֻôϽӹСҲˣȥקͷΡ

ƾסСŻ֣, ٷ
ԼŮмֱпǧӼҲܺ棬ſ۵С֣ƾæӱƺٽɢ˼ܡ

Ժ˺ĸףɶЬʪˡ
ƾԣصǾͻһ˫С»Ҫʶ˫ɫģոɣ˵꣬ЦϱСܲԼ⡣ȥ

ĬƬ̣ý޵Ҳ֮١ʵȥĸһᰲٺһСһ㣬ңڽϵּʱգܴʡ
ƾĿ¶֮ɫõɡȻʦ㺦ˣһͦмǳΡҳ˲һĻĸ˵ٿ̿һЩܳ²ֻǡ̧֣ḧ޷ֻҲһЩˣԸԼңڡ

Сѽѽ˵ƾᶺŪ˵㿴ôɰǲǣ
ͷ۵ůĻϷˣ
Щ˰ңǳȴɸίڲΡ
Цޣ˾¡

Ժһ˵͵߳ʣ˭ˣһۿʱЩ㱣ǡ
ƾˣȥȥ
ţãҲÿ˵˵Ż߹ӹƾСԺС

ƾ򡣡
ŶһʵûʲôӡܹҲûأֻ֪Ǹƽ͵ӡ
ʮ֮ٿҲòغ

˵ôСӣ
ƾòټһΣȻ֪úòãͬ˵ʲм̸ĸô꣬ӦҲǰɣ
ҺܺãȻҲ̸ĸˡڻƾ侲ԼθԼѰӢ򸾵˵һ顣

ƾ棬ͷ̸ĸǵöԡ£㻹ĪҪˡ
ƽù˷֣ҲϰľګӣҲȥԷˣˡ

ƾһһֱͳԶʣ׼һϾ
´٣ͷҲ˼ơƾ´ʣôʧ
ĪΪʲôҪʧ

ƾ૵ǰÿÿţ˰
һѰΡۿ͸

Ѯ
˾䡣
طŮ˾һ֣ʦ١

ΪʢǰϾͷüáӺꡣ
ǣչضл쳾Ҳ

죬볯͢λʹ֮ʿȫ롣
۷׷ס
˵͢Ų꣬øĵģҲϢĪˡ
Ǹɲ˵ڵлˡ٣˿ϾϢͳ
˱ԹϢ顣ڣպҪͷ㣬ǲˡ

˸˵л˶μԼġ䡱
ͻȻһֿһתһ°ѩɫ䣬޳޹·ڳ֮⡣

κȺá˿̤볾һ֮С
ллʧ
л쳾˵ĵطްǰһһ
ֻǣʱתͷ

ǳЦţһ
ô꣬λǰԸԹǰ졣Ǹм
ȻҲֻим

л쳾һţûлͷ£˾һֱûκϢ
˵һﲢϣκ֪
Ůм䣬ׯ֣أ⣬޷Ϊ˹ڣŮл쳾ǳˡ

۴˾ûãҲ͵һһϣ˴˵ļɫ
ڣȺ֮УԹⳡ䡣

л쳾עĿ֮£
ֻվ̨£Ⱥ֮η֮ĬĬ˿һ֮ࡣ

俪ʼл쳾ԲҪͷȻȺ糱ûʧ̬ʸ
ļ䷱ޱȣһʧȤ
Ϊڵǰˣ̫֪Щˡ

ŮԸ棬ԸоԼǿоʡҪȺһ۵𣺡ҪǺ«
Ϊ֣Ȼһйһȥ򣡡

̫Ϥˣ
͵תֻһĸҲڹ˸СȻӡ
ҾҪǺ«òʵҡȥ

ӲͷŻҶԼؼң
˵⻰ʱ΢΢ͷϤüۡ


ʱһֻأѭ
·ߵС̯Ǻ«¼ȺһݸϵĺͯǺͯǳɣ󡱻عͷȴһİŮӡ

ȷʶȴ޶˵ؾϤ
⡭ô˼Цһ˵԰ɡ
ŵлл㣡

ϲЦտӹеǺ«˵лл㣡
úӡһȴֽһǺ«ݹȥסЦġ

ҡңһţ˵ЦˣһүǣϡóԼŰɡ
Цþȫ⡣԰ɡ

Ϊ־̫ᣬ󡱲ؽӹǴǺ«ǽɽ髣͸𡣡ҧһڣ̧ͷ֮ʱŮѾʧӰ
֪˭ֻЦҧһɽ髡
˭Ǻ«ζ޾֮УЩɵİͿǷ

صл쳾Ŀ΢ˣȻ۾
ۼһ̣ŮٿȻһ
Ը֪ţЩȻҲ˵һΪβϽ֮¹֮ڡ

һĵطԼһ
ңѲʲôɢ͢԰ĹѧҲΪɳͬ衣

͢һһسֶѾµĸ֮ϣ˲ٸ
ͷ鿴ʱܵ䡣ϳ̣ѵȻֻż󣬸һؼҡ

˵ô໰Ը棬
˵棬ǽóˡ֪ûУ
ϵȺѰңֻԶƾԼһŶӡϱŮһͬ񡣷򸾶˲֪ͷʲôƾһľګ飬ȻҲֳЦݡ

ԾŶӣһ߳Ǻ«һ߹
ᴵͷƫϢؾãϢҲĳ䣬سɳ˰ɣ

˼ѽްЩĶǡܷƣҲվҪ׹̻
Ӵˣгĺļ
ŽĺգֻõżȺٹһɢȥȻͿԸŵһؼҡ

ر̫òͷˣһƴּļ˶ߡ
εεģÿֶŹĴ̣̫ô˼ҿסͷɹȴס㡭

һ˺ر
ȻȻǼӿ˽ࡣ

һ⣬ȻͿ̨µлҲһ
ᡢҲܡɡ

Ϣ޲иطȥ
ڣ
лעŮתȥǰ¶̨ǸҲ˲ƣڶȫǡ

ӭϦУԽ⣬һİҡ𣬶һӣңպպ
ĻɣЦٻ⣺ӲҪպһۡ
Щ׷ҵģ뻳⡣еĵһɣ䲻ˡӴԺ˿ϣ١

ŮŮУֻŵһԼ
ʦʣڻŮ¡΢΢棬ſ˫֣
Цһ䣬õС

һﱧǴȥժ棬֪иطбֵʱó졣ϸ棬òã
á
ߣҪȥһûء


֪ҽ쿴ˣҺÿģ˵ҪӣӦǸˣǸأ
ժˡ
ʲô
ߡ


ڰ٣س١
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