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1 Ш
֮꣬ƣаħrʮĴĽлͤΪӡr䣬ͽлżĽаħ֮磬һ֮ɨһ磬δ
ͬ꣬߷ƣʮħ뾳Χϻӿعһ£龡ϣԮϻڴսȫǧǿţһ겻
*** ***
󡪡
лšþУŮڲԶͷǺӣǹ۾ĿдȻͬ
为ˮ£죬תͷ۾ﵹӳʮ
ε𣿡
ʡ
ɫƽȣδ
һֻ
Ů˵ţ󷭷ɣӫɫı仯衣
ĿһŮϣŮֱϣŮӳ΢΢ǰ㣬ֵݵǰһ¡
Ů᣺һ£ܼˡ
ҡ
ãȻૣ̧ۿŮݣŮЦɫȴý͸
ƺԤеʲôס۾Ȼܱת¡죬һз·̮£ԭأ㶿Ů޵µ׹¡
аħӿϣɣȴԾ΢Ц
лţᣬ˱аħһ̣ϧҵáδϲҡ
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Ůصڶߣ㶹ѩأų޾ԨѪ֡
˵ʲôȴ޷ʧˣſڣֻܷ˻Ƶڣֶڡ
һֻε˭
ŮıӰڱѩأԥὣ׷ȥ
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аħӿɱӿ׷ǸӰ
û˵ڵ֣һħֻ֪ǸӰȴ޷ͣгͽŲ
š
ԶϾ˼ǰӰԽԽģ٣һ׷š
š
һΣмķܱ߿ʼ̮ԶŮͣסӣ̮ĵһ·񱼣ץסŮɲǣһȴ
лţ
Ůͷ¶޵Цݣ㶿ŮԷȴɳһ㣬ͬһɢ
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ܱ߻һƬڰһὣãȻվ֮Уþ֮󣬲Ż۾
ڱѩǵĵ棬۾ǰããһƬȴɿʶܱ̽ߡ
Ավһλߣƺǵʱ˿
ˡϢȣþ˰ɣ
΢ûӦ
ܱѩ֮ǰһ׵ľ޴ӣһѹ⽣ϷԼķ໥ӳ
콣֮磬뱾罻֮أ콣ĽһأаħͼԽնĽ¡
֮糣ԱѩǣػΪħϮ
ȥоҽȴѳһƬףѽаħɱգ޸ҷ֮ʡ
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лûӦԼ
붨֪ʱѩһɽѩ£¶ѱõĵۡ
ҲǣĴ磬עȥ׷ǰߣԹôĽ콣ڵƣֲû˸·ôô᣿ʦǰ㽻ңӣôȥ
ʦ壬£
лŴλӵʦ߶ѩ
ںомִ̹ǵ䣬̲ס£ϴ˼ɫǰЩʱգյϢħƺ⣬ЩħΪħλڶܻǰ̳
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лƽȣŲѩУ֨֨Ĳѩ
ϸ˵ĽͣŲһħͳһħ֮£ֳڡʮţ𼶹Ͻÿħʱǰ׼һ̳ˣǰͻ׼һɼ̳ͳһԣѡħ
˵ţ룬ΪпЩ̳˵࣬ͳһˣлǰ̳˶˵ħĪ˵ǰһս𵤰飬·һˣҪǲμӼ̳ǾǱɡ
ص㡣
лŴߴ٣ҭҭڱһ䣺Ǻϻ˫֮ϻ콣ķͬһ˫ʲΪ˿ٽף콣ˡ
Ҫʲô
л׷ʣʱǰһСԺ
ԺƺǱ֣ڱѩи룬Ժвݳݺɣһʢҵлڷж졣
߿һԺ䣬Ϊ죺ô
ֻǻû˵꣬ĿԺſڲԶһϡ
ĹƺѾЩͷܱ߳ӲݣƾɵĹϣǽŵּ
֮Ĺ
Ѹʶʲôֹסͣ½ŲһʱЩ޴վڽ֮⡣
лƽ磬ߵǰγر߳ӲݣߣҪʲô
񣬸պؾڼ
ӻЩҿлţrʱһʿrºʧ٣ű²r֮ϢϢأʱʦ͡˺ӡr顣
лŶһ٣ӳƬ̣ǹδ˵ŵ˼rһ벻֪٣һӡؾ콣ףŵĻΪףʵr飬֮磬סؾû춯ã춯
˵ţ̧ۿлţ֣أڣŷġ
лŵͷӲݣ˼Ƭ̣ſڣҲ뿪֮硣
֪ӼûֱӾܾϷ࣬˵õĴ㣺˿ԲȥѾ˪ȥ£ɽһʶ˪ϣٿؾ
˵ţǣһ䣺ӣݹٺʲа
лӵĻɫͷɾ̧ۿĹϵĿ֡
ӵһһֱĹһڻԽݣšܵиµʱѾˡ
лûֻнë
ӼûзӣȰһ䣺ǰ۵ľ㣬ĪҪȥҲðġ
⻰лжסһ˲䣬Ժл棬˶ʹ
δֻ֣Ĺϵ֣þãɳƳ
ţܾǰ˪֮硣
˵ţ̧֣һֻɫӫĺƾճ֣Ȼֱϡ
ת͸Ӻ޷Ŀ¶º͡
ҪͣˣҪһ㣬֮һΡ
лſȥûκ쳣ƽڡ
ؾ֮£Իᴦ


2 
뺣ʮգɵִ콣ڡ
ɽ¶ϣһλҡӵİԶͬԱʢװĻŴаţǵʱ콣ǰ˵ʱ䣬콣ڽӦǵ˴ǰԼͷ絽һգûвأҹͻϿ
֮أָͷܱߵΣѯϸƻ
ԱһλŮǰ̧ϿڴϷʯͷѾ̽ǰǣǳ֣̾ͻõϢֻҪ콣ڵһϿȣǾͿ󣬺ʯͷס·
Ȼǵ˾ͻٰɱֳȥӻóһӣ˵ĵҶѾˣǵϣ಻ԪӤڣᣬûʲôʵս飬Ǻϻ֮ʦض޻أ
ȵȣüͷִ̧ǵļƻǵɱǵģҵ޽Եģ
⻰˽סˣҲԼƫ˺ָֻܿ飬صĵļƻ
ɫҲȻǰ޽ԵֻǵĵһΣͿԴˮ֮ˣضԵЩСʿ߻أ޷԰Ρһ򲽣ǲ˶ģҲǸ顣
ٶ׼һʺõģΪˣΪѪŮһקеĲӣУھ飬αضշһ·һ¸飬ȵ콣ʱѾ췹ʱֱף콣ЩӦҲôӦӦҲôӦһ£𣿡
һһѽҹƻ˸߰˰ˣսУͷ˵ͷҲӣøɾ
˵ţ̧ͷɨһǣ͵ʴף콣ڷˡ
ģŮЦЦһȺûëӣʲôʶһֻҪһ֣ǵ̾ͳõĻҲϱƣԿֵĺۼ
Ǿͺá
ӦЦЦһۣҪʲôӣ鱱СԹϣ̧֣ͷϣɾҲöˡ
⻰̲סʿˮϽ£ŵģһʧ©
á
˻֣ȥ׼ɣš
һӦ£ϽȥԱ߲塣
Ѱ˸ʵλ£Ӵͳһţ˼Զ
ǰ
ƬȻͬĴ½Զ뺣໥
콣Ϊף˹£ʿħո㰲
𼶷ΪڡʮţݵȼͬϽŲͬĳУƽջɣ֮ؼħͳһ
ħѡڣżѹڵǿߡһħѪɢ޳ѪϴλѹأȣλΪȹģڸѡһ̳ˣŵպλῪһ̳ڼ̳һͬ룬ѡħ
ΪʢĺϻҲħ̳֮һ
ϻֵ֮꣬Ҳһ̳ĻʿΪ̳˺ѡħ֮λ̽ȡ
˭룬ǰ߷ƣħ뾳ʮħΧϻҲһսϻۣ𵤰飬޷תֻΪ䣬һƬ̻񡱡
Ӵ𽹬ʢΪƽϵħֹͻͼ֡ϻƺ𽹬
˭룬ǰħΣϢһӿͻȻĻ飬תͷͺ𽹬ţ𽹬ħ̳
ҪμӼ̳˵ᣬҪˣϻˣһħĳ£ôֽϻҲǳ¡
Σ֮£ϻһ취ǰ콣ס
콣ϻϣ콣ڵ˫޺һ𵤣ԷΪһͬ˫ж洦ҲҪģǺϻӭһλ콣ڵĵҪ£Ҳù˼콣ڵʵ
ϾһţǿᣬȻ֪ǵ׻᲻Ϊһλӳ־δ֪塣
Ǹİ취ͬ⡣
ϣԼŬܶϻԶ˵ġŬֻ̬ܶȣһһȰ˵֮£ֻΨһҪ󡪡
ȥ콣ڿԣҪʵڲܽܵĳɻҲǿ
ʲô㡰ʵڲܽܵĳɻأ
ѯʡ
룬ֻ𣺡ǰǶйһá
⻰һϻ˱ʾ⡣
е͵ģ˭ûҪľã
¶úýԵýԵԵöϣϲҪµġ
һˣ콣ѡʵ͵൱ûУǳûҪһ¶
Ҳף콣ֲɵӣϻôܿ϶ӦҲû׵һ¶
һЭ飬ǸϽĵر콣ס
Ȼϣϻ̬ȺܳϿңǵĴ콣Ҳȫ˻أʹһ䡪ȫƾ̬ȡ
֮δı棬λԸⱳԶ
⻰ܣϻԾɲϷǱһǧġס
ϻ¶Դ˴ױԼڴҲνǳɸףֻҪҪ͡ǸˡϹϵ콣ڰèúյȫա
ܹҲǺϻԿ
źϻཻ콣ڳǣҲɳ˵ӵӦ
ºϻĴ㣬ֱҵһͶԸӣ콣նţνġȫƾ̬ȡǰ콣ҲԼϷˡ
Ҫȥ콣ǰҵһλͶϡԸ콣ڵӣɲһ׵£콣ڲʱ䣬һڶأ
¶붼룬˭á
Ǻϻأ
˫֮òѣȻΪһ֮˫һʮأһûôŮ˵콣ڵӣУҲʲô¡
ϻȴû̫İա
Ͼ콣ڵӡ
ˣ
ϴһӦǰѲµ̽ӡ
⴫ԲǸһˣ鱱Ͻָβ
°ɽߴԡ£̧ԶһȺ⣬
ԺĪһӰԶûЩѣڣ
ԸӺϻ
ǣҹ޽Щ롪
콣ڣֻôһλʯɾɡ
Ǹˣҡҡͷ
Ǭȡ˸ƺ«һȾƣһг鱱Ǳ˴˴ǰеϵᣬϤһ´˷ˡ
ǰèҲܵƷʺõġ
ᣬһҳһλȥ忡Įꡣ
Դǰָ佣ͣԹӲͷ˺Ͷ˾֮Աǡ
̸飬ҪůһǰͰҪȥֺõģʲô˼
ڶĻأ˿ھƣ濴Աϣ
л˪
32꣬ԪӤڣĽһʦӡ
žɨԱС֣߸ӳϾлš


3 
ֵ˲䣬һھǺںٿ
æס죬˺һŻ
̲סְ߸ֿһ飬ȷϣûȷǡϾлš
Ͼͷ˲֪˲
콣ڵʮĽĶɽʿһǿߣ˵ܹһڡĪˡ
ഫ֮ƣ콣ƴ޲ӡ֮ԪˡһЩҪû٣ǿй콣ڡ콣ڴΣ֮ʣ֮ͻȻһ⡣
ƾһ⣬ͽ̤콣ڵһڵӣն
֮佣ΪϾΪ˸սĵһʿ콣ҲһڵλãѸٷչﶦʢ
һ񻰵ڻ˵ȴһݡ
ݼ֮֡ǰ
ҲͳϿ˵λԲܽܵġá
л¶ôǰ˵
ǰԤr
rⶫרһаħ
ӵʮĽлļӹ֮ӡһֱ취ͻƷӡ
r顱аħʿæǴ֮硣
rħ壬ǿҲڲ֪
һֻrҪrĹrƹȣûʵ壬ֻҪԹ㹻Ũ񣬱ɱٻ
rһ壬˸ǿʵĿģҲڡrӰ£ɥʧǣɱ޹ձ
rĴڣŵƵƵ޹ɥ϶ԹrŽֹСr磬rҲһոһԽǿ
r鳹׳죬ҪѰԤ֮㳲
Ϊ˵õr飬ȻˡϻŴɵţϣֻ˼Ķ硣
ʮꡢȴǻʿĻ˼ٵݡٵòźϻĿľΪЭ콣ڷӡr顣
ʱ٣һθ鶼û̸ʦͬЦһ£콣ڵãĽС
Ϊ콣ĽһȻʵǿᣬ޽ӽΪС˽飬ͬˣ̸˸顣
Ӧ⡣
һлš
ʱлſȥ콣һͨĵӣΪԪӤʦɽr
ڷϼͬһλ콣ڵӣÿǷϲһ붺˳֮磬rʱ֡
šϲͷһ·׷
СĮȴúܡ
һܾÿվߺװУֻˡ
ΪߣװϹӣװȳӣװʧ䡣
ʱʱûУδķ
װϹӵʱİ񽣱ǰ
װȳӵʱһΣǰ
װʧ䣬Ҳչ֣֮ǰʲôˣ
װװţԼ˳ԣоϲ벻ԼĵҲϲԼ
һ׽rˣںӱʯϣŰǰ˿ڵ꣬ͻȻʵ⿪˿ڣлţδ߰ɡ
л̧ͷ΢΢üȥ
Цתͷ򣺡ȥҼ硣˽ˣһȥòã
лҡͷΪϵϱƽڣƼˮ꣬һ𣬹ԼҪ£㵱뿪
ãȻ㲻ϲ𣿡
лҡͷҲϲˡ
ƭˣЦ϶ϲҡ
ɺ֪лĲϲ
ûʲôرÿһ˶
콣ڳĵӣǿҲˣӣӡ
Ϊ˿ڣҲΪǰŮףжǹ࣬ûʲô
ǲţҪ˿ȥѰرӰӡ
÷ĺݳݳвˣͻȥ͵͵лŵı顣
ʼƽȵڶֱͬ䵭˵һ䣺Ȼҵͬ飬±ǡʱͻ룬ǳԴףϲ
ֱһ𱻷ʱΪߣȴܵǰ棬ÿζأȴûд󰭡
ٱ˵Լٵ£Сӱϣ˵ԼڶգŽԱаԼѩ񣬲Žһ콣ȣδԼĸ
ģϻεĹˣûεͿڻþм
֣εһ˲䣬ۣȿŻ
˸һֻɫӰһĺָԣһɲӻп˴ʱ˿ǸˣȻĻ
ЦݣһҲãϲ
ʱ˶Ȱ˵лŲϲ
ƫҳôɡ
ÿлžܾÿл˦ÿолʵûôϲԼҵһЩ˿оϲ
һδȼϣһδָо
һһ飬˵Ǹ
ݳһֱߣҪлžûн
ƫִãûнҲĽ
ֱлųɻ飬ݳлŵĻǣɱ
ɽׯ⣬ǰѪѪԹ޿ϲ㣬Զϲ㣬Ľˣһӣϲκˡ
ףǱϲĵҾҲҪ֪㲻䣡
㲻ϲϲһӣҲΪ˶ġ
˵һ̣֪
ԭĽĴˣ˵УĴû˽Ľ
ܻô΢һţĵҲһҪͬϲ
һ䣬ô飬ûĶһ˲䡣
һ˲䣬Ҳãһ
˺ɱ콣ڣȴպײ֮ơ
r콣֣֮֮磬һл˵Ǹ
ʱѩӣһ̳ϣлţĲϲ
Ľļ̳ˣôϲһˣ
ɲϲһ
ǡ
ߵһƫִͷβ˵ףִϡ
ﲻκˣлš
˼ҲֻǲϲʲôԹޣ
һ㣬ͻȻԼЩơ
ƺ˱ˣҲԼ
˵òϲһʼͲôڡ
һ̣ƽһᵽʲôҡ
ʲôǣ
һϲ㡢Ϊ˱ִߵˣʲôıҪ
лǸһԾŶˣ˻ͻḺ𵽵ף֪Ƣڷӡr֮ʱԾ磬ĽӸлţȻ󽫷/׼ƣͬлͤһӡr飬лǰ
߶лôãҲΣһѣҲ塣
Ǹݡ
лŵ
ǾԶԶ֮硣
һӣõڶ˵֪ϻô΢أϲһˡ


4 
ʱСݳһ·޵ͣ
ȥлʶΪ֪ϾҲ£϶̸˼飬ͷһͷ֣¶ɡ
ݳǣУ̸һһ
ʧˣʹһҲͰˡ
ֻǶһݳغܶࡣ
ڣҲҵݳֻ֮ҪΪħ
θ飬и˽ᡣ
Ͼ֮£лûϵйϵˣҲѾӦá
ֻҪݳܻٿθ飬ǾöԼ鷳
лŵƢ㲻ϺãϾƢ
Ҫ֪Լƭ꣬Ҳ֪Ǹʲô⾰
һ²һ£Ҳô̤ԭ
ֻ񱻹ﳤϴߵȲ
ԭлݷǷ֮粻Ӧò棬û뵽콣һ棬ײĵӣ
ֻһӶѡ
侲ϸ롣
ΪԶлţлŸûд꣬ϳ
ֱòӽޱɷޣܴЩϳ
Ҫǣлǰл궼ûҹӦǽĽ
лŶδϳСʲôϵ
һ㣬˿ھƸԼѹѹ
ַ˼ҳϴ¿һ顣
ҪҸܡΪ˽֣϶ҪҸ׶ĵģԴ˷Ľһ϶Ҫų
ڽҹĵУл˪Ƕ齣һҲǻᡣ
ЩĿ궼Ϥһ飬˿һҲѾϿǰԶǽ̸֮
ʦ֣ЩˣЩɡ
ߺϸһһ²ӣ֪˶Էݡ
콣µСͽܣȻ
˴ͣǰӵºͣȻô˵ȴǷһЩٶȣΪϿɽһ·ױǻǿЩͨ¶ˡ
¶ӣġ
Ŀϣһɵ¶Ц⣬ϣʮ꣬齣һԪӤڣһ󡭡
ŵĶӣиͽϮ콣ڣʦȴҲࡣ
ϻѡ
ݹߣ콣ڲ㹻š
ֲͽһļ̳ˣ뿪
ţ·졣
Ƭ̣ͻȻЩɻ
ôл˪ڣ
ûü룬Ͽ룬ȻԹŴ˴г̫ͻȻһը֮
ֻ䡱һ죬ŷӡľʯϿ䣬ضɽҡẒ́˲Ͽںͳڡ
ķӦ죬ڱʷ˲䣬һߣ
˵գ·ɽԾУ䣬ǰ忪
һɵҲԣ󣬽ȻСλʦֿ˻ػм䣬żѯʣʦ֣ôˣ
û˵תе飬ɱסһȺȥ·䣬ˣǧɣ׸ңǰ
˵գӷǰԾУһӭɱ֡
λһȺеľӢȻ߲ԪӤȴС̧һȥɽ࣬ѽγɽ󿪳·̷ǰ
Ȼɱ֡ôѣЩǼЩǻˮģ̱·һš
·ɱһƬƬ̣վߵ±߹
鷳ģɱΧһˣ֮ǰȥºͣ˼ɱ
飬ڿնҪ뿪ϿȣԱɱֽ׷ϣΧڿС
ۿߣԷؿһȥɵõһ
ݵҲ̫ˣ
ʱҲϹۣһ󱬣˲һתһУ̧һ˦Ŵӱ͵ϮĵֱɶȥĲ󲻶ԣŻͷۿܲǰȴͻȻһϮ䡱һ죬ͽԱɽ֮С
һŮӴ¸٣壬޶ˣ·ɡ
Ƭ̣һŮӳֶƺüΪһʧ׹µģת¡
Ĵ΢һ¶ݾͲˡ
΢΢һЦҪ˵ʲô͵ػ񣬴һСģ
䣬һ󼲷磬ץļһת漴һźݺڱϣ
һʮͻȻƲסԼġ䡱һ˵棡
û黤壬ʸȲޣؾһѪۡһŻ˳

һϽȥ
ȫѪάֻǿŲ¡
ŻһѪǽСġһ̲ѪǾͽСд򡱣ܸôõӡ
ǿѪһЦ޷ɻã
£Ž迴һԱ߹ɱ֣һУ콣ڵ£ڻ㣬취ߡҪΪҵȶ
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ĸķ䣬ʼҲһ׵¡
ΪĿˣȻֵã
ǸЩɱ̫ûûأãϾҪˡ
жżƻչ¶콣֮ˣ
ǡüǣ
˺ϻ콣ڵĵӣԼӣǰҸǲˡ빲
𾪡
е⡣
жˣǱжˡ
ʼʾɱ֣ƻеú˳Ǹ˳ˡ
ɱִߣ˭Ϸ̾ϻݼͬʱɵһЩɻ
ʲôʱѧôģ
ϣⳡûЩΣϽϴǱװˣϽ
ûػǰɱһЦ
Ȼ빲ɱ˼ֵƣȥЩϤһʱ벻˭ֻ⳯ԼֱֱԷͺȣǾһɣ
ǽûˡ
һˣǰͳ׻ˡ
̬һ̩ɽǰ಻ɫĳģǽ
ͣٲͣô򰡻
ԽԽ亹ð˳ڽ⼴ǰһ̣ڴ˺ѷεĴ
ܰ
װˣ𽹬ˣܰ
⻰ۣжÿ죬һܡ֮󣬱תϿȷ˳ȥ
ıǰìܵķӦһ㶣ֱɱΧϡ
ܵ÷ɿ죬ԷԲŹ缲߶ԥһ飬תתһ͸ס˶Է̶ֱĽ
ԷĽֱأҪأϽЦλӢۣҾ·콣ںûʲôϵҸ·
ҵĲ콣ڡϤߺԷЦӯӯҵľ㡣
ۣ漴Ӧѣ
Ȼ𽹬µãѣ
Ȼ׷
ŷҰЦ̫ʧˡ
˵գ缱ꡣ
Ƿޣ»еѧĵӣȴҲסֽ޵Ľսơ
Ǳţ̲ס𽹬ô£δûǧ׷ɱҪ𣿣
ǲҪǲҪʱ򻹸꣬ѽ͵رƵǽϣŻѹȥһֵѵĽһ·ɿһѳڣ⵨ӣɱööࡣ
ȻҿɱͶˣ
˵ţһ˦ѽ¹ͻɫ䣬һ㼲߿
ͬʱ͵ըԱһˣ̧һпҪ͵Ϯĵʿȥһץĵ󣺡ߣ
ûԥԱ߱ȥ
̧ͷ۲ܣϷнɫϿȣ𽹬Ķ֮ǺϻԼ˷ӡľʯһʱ֮䣬ϿеһȺ˷·𶼱Ͼ·
ʶһ㣬̲סѴ˹Ŀġ
𽹬ѿϷûصλãϻ֮ǰĺۼ϶콣ôϻֱӵ֣Ǻ콣ڱ˵ֱӽ
콣ڵӲһܡ
ը
ͨһƬ̣һǬ飬֮С
ʹʶҲʼ۵оͻͻϾץǰ
ϣ·ը
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ըʣʯͷ¡
ˣ
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ͷһۣŷ콣ڵӻѾˣûܵǵײײɽµʯͷĵķʦ֣
Ļæȥӣѵ˼
ѲɱǣҪըĶǺϻķ󣬵һߣֳֻʣºϻĺۼϻɱ콣ڵһ£ҲͰ϶
˵ҲЩһϻмֽƱء

һ䣬Ժиֳϻ빬ϣڷҡᦡ
콣ڵҲ

̧һһŷֽþ޴סʯȥͬһһ콣ڵקϷзͷھʯһ·塣
ǰʯͷ˷ӡѰ취
ͼĸϽѡ
һֻ˷ϣĿһϵĶżڣſǣ취Լߣ
ܲˡȳֳ̧žʯһ¡
ĶЦһڸߴ̧һ˦һѺɫˮϿռӶŻֱֱȥ
ڽ죬ĵѵ
зھʯ֮ϣҲƬֻ̣һ죬һ۵İ׹Ӿʯ͸Ͽը
ô
Щɡ
Ȼܿʶԡ
׹ģȻͬת
̼䣬һж̣ʱռ䶼Ť׹ʯͷƯڿУĿƯΡ
ɫͣڻ磬Ҳűʱ΢΢ƣͣڹâС
콣ڳУһ˷ԷƽڳһٳĵжţΡ
Էһתֻ䡱һ죬ǰʯ˲ըܱߵضɽҡһԵϿ֮콣˺俪ʮף
󽣷ݿķʯɻңľɳ͵ײϳڴʯʯ˲ըѳɻңֻʣؽ
ڵأֹ˼Ȧ
ͷɢңȾѪſڵϣоؿںȫԼǰŲ
Ų棬ȫըļͷż̧ͷȻڳ֮䣬һ޳Ӱ̤ų
ڣὣ籸۽ڷ跭ɡ
Ȫ糤
ɽȣֹ̧ۣڣ˵δ֮ɱ⡣


5 
Զ
վţſţȻͷ
˽Ǳڹ͵쾡£㶿ŶԷмֳԾƬ̺󣬶ԷڽĿ⿴ǰ
۾ΪӦøоߣɲ֪ΪΣƬ̣ȴȷ֪һ־ζ
ʶʱΪܣǱԵģֱԱһóλɱ⡱ĵȸˡ
⶯ھˣ콣ڵ˲䷴Ӧ۾
˪ʦ֣
лʦˣ
ƺ㵽һԵĻ̲ס̧ͷĶ࿴һۡ
Ϸεлŵ꼫ΪƣƺĽһӷζڵӡ֪ǲԭȴȵлŸ
ȷʦͽһഫĮһഫǿһഫġװ
ųûмֳ档
ֻЩҳڣĶһߣԼҩͷ˼ʲô뾡ԼĴڸС
Ա콣ڵǰߵǰ˸лʦ֡
˵ţע⵽ϵİ籣ɻſڣ۾
õӣл˪ûشʣǰ֣ҡ
㶣ãȻ˵ͷǬͳд
л˪ĮȻӹ۸籣ȴƺûκӰ죬һԾߴ㲻Ӱ
ͷԾϸߴл˪ҪЩʲôĻعʼŤͷԸӸ°˿ڣߣЩнҷɣ
ĵϽ
ԸʾãȻøϽӦ´˿ѾǱ̬ЦЦȥΪģСڣͷ
ƺҲǵһκŮܴ򽻵ֱӻͷŻһߣóҩ˼ֲ˼ûŮޣ⣬ɷΪҩ
ͷǸּ˵ģ
Ŀ䵽ϣȿȾѪӣһð֮󣬱滨ӣͷҩ
ʮܲͲӴ֣Ŀһֱ˿ϣŲưƺǷ
۲Ƭ̣ЩΣתͷ˿ܱߣŻ⣺ʲô֣
ġı̧ͷЦЦ£еڶ˴ӭˡκ󣬶ͬ˵
ͷĿһл˪ʧķ򣺡λʦ֣
ǣ˵л˪ɵô˼־⣬λϾµӣл˪лʦ֡
ҿԪӤΪţȴʮǿᣬֻԪӤ𣿡
ĽʵΪС滨˿ڣ㿪ʼҩЩ˿ںܶǱˣܵϣһ浹ҩۣһͣлʦȻֻԪӤʵ˭Ҳֻ֪ǿˡ
ͷף̧ͷգΪ棺Ҳ֪λлȥʲôˡ
ǡ
Ĳ²Ļû˵꣬һŮͱʵʵ顱һ
ŮڻǰؾͿʼĺͻһ㶿ǰŮϡֻδڣһ顱
εǱõ鱱ºϿʼʹʹʹͷ˺ʹ
ûһ½顱ºöˣЩ˴඼ţȫǺϻˣһ䵽ϣͿʼǺƺǱ˴˹ͷ
һȺˣʿˮ̫ˣͿһЩûĺʬ屻ֱ
ʬûЩأЩֱѹһϣϻˣȥҡ
һʱŵЩ˵һƬ֮Ул˪³֣Ӹߴأִ̧ȡһ鴿ɫ˹ɾгϵѪؽʡ
ûЩǵлšҲĶϰߡ
̲סһа׾Ա߽ȻϽȥڣ˪ʦ֣ˣ֮ǰʱϾߣǻΪ㲻ˡ
Ҫġ
л˪ᣬ˵ţתͷԱչ˵Ļ
л˪ϽһƵЦݣҲܻлʦ֣λǺϻ
ץ
л˪һϻ棬ֱӷԸ
ЦݽϣҲЩ죬л˪ûжͣתϿȳڵķߣһһЩ˶ϣȥʡ
Ҿվԭز˵л˪һ˽нԶþãȻ߹Сʦ֣󰡣
лʦּȻôȻĵ룬ͷ˶ϰɡ
˵ţתͷ²Ϊɷ
šлǿеᣬһӦе棬֣Ըͼݡ
ĵͷӡ
Űʵʵһϧӣ
һǽĳ
а콣ʺһ飬ϻչֳһɴ󷽵̬ȫ콣ڡ
ҩ˿ڣϢ֮һȺ˾Ǳŵﷸ֣ٱһĺȥ
ϻȻ˶أϰһ콣ڵԶһССĽ磬ײײǰϣѹҧѯʣô£ôµģ𽹬ں涼֪
˭Ҳ֪
һͷ󣺡Ҫ𽹬ͨӣûҵΡѾȻԳ֮ʦǧ̵踺ôòŲ߻İɱж⻻˭Ҳסʲôֲǲ֪ϲ棬Ǻϻ˭ס
⻰ѻҭסм顣
𽹬Ǻϻ˾֮Ĳ࡭
ȷͦġ
Ҳ˼ô۸ˣδڻɱˡ
ʵãʲô취
Ҳ˵ʲôת˻Ƿô£
ͻȻϹǵĴжˣʹˣ֪ͨ㡣ѵĿ콣ڵӺ㣬Ҳû֣Ǹϳǰл˪ŬŬ죬Ǹл˪ˣѴ˾ܣл˪׷ҲܣȻ˿˸ҿԣҲ콣ڶ֣Ͻôͣ£ͱȫˡ
𽹬أ׷ʣϸ
ܵľˣûܵˡлɴ࣬һһ˻
׷󡰵塱Լ׷ٺܶ࣬Ҳ¸ʿӣʿħ졣
ȥʿһ᲻󿴵ԭ֮һǾЩʿѶϣûѪԣû棬ȫűӻȡů
л˪Ǿ˺ϻˣһʱ콣ڲɵҲ˼𾴡
ϵĻŽ¡
һֻǶҲλȨءǧ׷Ϊƻ콣ڵɱ
ֵȨĽҪͷȻ嶨ף¶Ҳôȹ̣ϾǰҲ嶨ף˵ܾˣ¸ϵ˵Щʲôʱ򻹸ʲô˼
ѵĿĸ㲻ˣл˪
Ӧǿϻ»ˣ֪ô£ȵҪô콣ڵĵӽͣ۾ϵİԼ
΢ݣȴȫûʶٵѣͱͱġ
鱱Һ¶
÷̧꣬ۿʲô
ղҺ鱱ˣĿꡣ
Ŀꣿ
ûףͿָ̧֣ǰл˪ȥ׷Ǹл˪ãʵǿŬһѣͳ⼸죬־ڱصõģ£


6 
û˵ŸͷϷ衣
ϼþòԣɵûͷôˣ
ϣһ㣬˯ҪΡ
ԼҪġ
Ľһ֪ϸ֪ԣͣܰ²ˣҪֵںС
Ѿ콣ڵˣҪ׷˭Ѷȶܸߣ˵ţ͸¶һִǻۣҸճɺõŬһ¡
СϾܾĽʦлš
ôˣϲ⣬鱱˵ˣĽһ֮磬ӶǱ˰æ˹£ǰԼ̵Ͼûõӽ֮磬µһѣľûǱ˰æţл˪һһ٣ֻҪл˪Ը⣬Ͼġ
ҲСҡͷӣҪΪħˡ
ҵġ
ϵĻԴ濴һۡ
ϼûأЩʧӵ֣СӦ𣺡ǡ
ˣ룬̲סοҲǿҺַչòѹҪ۹⡣
⻰ΪԹСֹѦӵɶԼѡġ
һһһ졣
ϽֹϻſİȰС죺˵ˣ㻹ǰһȽϿɰ
һ·죬ʱúܿ졣
˴ҹһ峿֮ǰ
콣Ƿǰϵ˵һСţһ򣬱㱻֮ס¡
콣ڵȻϷϻ񷿡
İŵӿ֮תͷЪϢȰٺúлʦͷһ𡣡
͡
ڨڨͷ֪л˪Ҫʦˡ
ǣϷš
һ˱ӿʲô
Ƿǵļƻ𣿡
Ϊʲô˯񷿣
ˣǵ⣬ֱӸ˴𰸣콣ڿ϶СǺ𽹬һˡ
һ⻰
һһӳſڣ¶ܳ𣿡
һ⻰;ͷۡ
̾˿£ɡȸһָ̧ͣһԼһһŬһѡ
ϣ
û˶ʱ˶־ʼ׼硣
ϴϴͷͷȡ֮ǰõĽѵڸųڼСַ֮ںһ£һ£˸ؾʵĻױݡ
ױԵûһĵĻ֮֮̌ʱһ˫ƺһˮﻹݡ
Χŵһ࣬㿪ʼϸڣææµµãڴ׼ˣ
ġ
ͣ¶׷׿
鱱ߵѹѣʱ䲻ٰ࣬ӡĿϡ
ӡǺϻǵֶΣô˷ӡҹ뱻ߵξ
Ȼ̫ϲֶΣǳҲû̫õѡ
˵ͷġ
鱱ϼ࣬סϵĻ֣ڴúøɣܰл˪ãҲͣ
ϻ۽һ飬˦ߵſڣֿ̧š
˲䣬ĸоһϮϰ̧ۣŮݱӳ
ٱ޷ǳ֪ΪΣȴһ㶼üƺһɽˮī֮
Ů̧ͷˮЦӯӯģ
ıôһŻϴ˼ΣǸҡ
ΪεǸ·𷽲ʲô¶ûһ㣬˼ɻ
Ĵ࣬ͷЦЦº͵л롣
˵ţԺ˰벽ûС
ָ·ȥһ·߹һֱĬ֪лҹȥʲô
ӦЩᣬĽͣлʦ˽ˡ
ҲҲǣ̾˿¶֮ɫлȥĮǺ£Ӧò̰ɣ
˵Цˣ⻰ɵЦŹͣδ̵ĵ
⻰ûԷһЩ֪콣ڵ̬ȡ
Ȼϻĺۼǻڵȸȷ֤ݣвûԤ
ͷתͷЦɲҪƭңлô죿
ģƺڵģ̻Ӧ棬ľſڣ·
Ҿ֪ҡȣЦӯӯ᲻ҡ
⻰Щǣ㲻Խ硣
һ㶣ûҽӻ
þգޣʿɶֹ
תͷͥԺʼ˵Щ޹ؽҪ¡
ȿߵãͻȻ𣺡һһȥ𣿡
ÿʦֵ˼ʵʵ˵
סŲתͷġ
ļͻȻͣ£ɻ̧ۣŮһЦ֪Ϊ콣ڣ
ãȻ
ǰͣǰ˰úܽĪЩţˣż⣬ȥȵסݣߡ
㾡ƮıǼ⡣
ĽסӣоϢͿڶ˶޷
Ϊ콣ڿһˡ
ᣬ˼Цƣϣ顣
ͬʱϢ̧֣ʳָָಢľһһӡȻ¡
ҪҪ²£˭
⻰ЩˣɵҲмֲ
ûнӻԭأϷ𱡺졣
ĿĴﵽʲôûתȥ
ǰվӣ״кᲽС
ãűȻգڹ߰ԵЩɭɲ
Ѿö콣̬ȣҲ£ȻѰмŵ£̧ۡ
Ϸл˪˵θڵ䵭ģһˮһʱɨ¡
Ŵ˷ĿҲǽºһЦ񣺡л
л˪˵һͨӣӵǱһ
ĽǲУҲƽϣתȣбľηϣ֪лҹΪ£
ϻıڵһ£л˪żɽƽøҸͲǡ


7 
ô˵ģ⻰Цϻôı콣ڵӣʲô֤ݣ
ɽ౬ըķǺϻڵģл˪ʼ֤ݣ·ʯҲǺϻڵķӡһЩɱֲߣνͣ
תȣʶʱ䣺ҿԽ͡
͡л˪̽ӻûʱ䡣
ûӦã󶼷һ¡
ȷûʲôý͡
ðɣ̾˿ֱӣЩȷǲõģҳϣΪı콣ڵӡ
ΪΣ
Ҹ㣬÷Ĳˡ
ʼл˪˵
룬飬϶Ҫʲô˵ҲֻǲЩ֪衣
ǻһܸЩ콣ڵӡ
á
л˪ûгɡ
л˪Ҫģʵʵ˵ǵȷϿҪ콣ڵһЩҳˣһӡ󡣵˭֪;𽹬ͻȻ֣Ǳ뽫ƾͼƣǵķ콣ڵĵɱˣ޻ǡ
𽹬Щˣ
л˪ûл˵ĻֱѯԼ֪ģ뵱ʱĳǾӢͷ𽹬ѡǻΪ𽹬һٹµˡһ֣ǧ
˵ţԽ˵ɵԽࣺȷҲΪʲôֻΪڹϵеֱˡ
л˪û˵˼
⡱һ£л˪ǲţϽ壺ûƭ㣬ˡ
֪
л˪ڣ׷ʣΪҪ콣һӡ󣿡
л˪//ѯ⣬Щ˼⡭ⲻ콣ǰһ¸顣
ƭһȥ
֮û˵˶ó
л˪û˼Ļ
ԼĻشֻһ飬ǰ߼ʮ˶û⡣
¶
л˪ҪҲϵ
ͷԱ߲豭һڣƬ̺л˪ڳȻ
л˪²豭֨һ룬Ȼվſڣʦ֡
ȥſͷ
ſͷ֪¶ˣһվò𣺡лǡ
˵ţ߳ţȻѾһߣվһ࣬߹ЦЦúϢ
лǹңָһЦҹΡ
Ȼ뿪߽ã̧¸磬ߵл˪ߣ񣺡Ͼ
л˪˵ٿл˪лԣһڲ裬ƽȣϻ۲죬ͬʱðע⣬𽹬ҲˣƻŲڰ
ǡ
ؾպɽг巽λ֪Ϣһգ̣׼ɽ
Ǻϻ
δһɽ䡣
סȥ׼
ĵͷתȥһлſڣȵȡ
˵ţлߵ̧ĲһĨһӡӺƮ䵽ָ⡣
Ĳ죬תͷһĿлָϷźķӡϣɫɲ
ǡ
ӡ
лſڣĽͣӡǣɽСǣԲȣơ
ĳ˼𣺡ǵӲ
˻ΪлŲδ𱸣οģҲڣǷֲˡ
û˵ϻǹⲻȥ
л泯ƺ͸籿ת˻⣺˵ʲô
̽һҪѯ֮£ϣܰȻ˵Щ뵽Ǹ棬֪ͼı죬ĻЩȣҲ̫׵Ļ
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лŶһ٣ûлӦ
ľһСϾ
ţлڻ񣬵ᡣӡûǿҪʲôлָûȥɡ
ϾĿлŵݹķӡ¶ɫΪԲᣬǡ
֪ˡ
˵꣬лűĹǣȥɣźг̣úϢ
лŲǿȥ˿æ񣺡иˡ
뿪лŵͷָӡԺǾ䡰˵콣һλ֮ˣҲ²˭
ŷĿãֽ̧ӡĨԼֱϡ
ıһòҲ£ĲȥģʲôĿġ
ֻǣͬĻͬεֶΡ
ϣɺ
иɻ漴룬ʲôʱͬԼ˵⻰ţ
ദʱֻ̫̣ꡣ
뿪ʱ̫ꡣ
겻µļ䵮ҪռλãÿЩɫоҡ
ſֳ֣һֻε
Ǻʱ˵仰
֣ڻεϣǰڣֺܱ߳紵ԼŮЦĻлţһϲˡ
ǰǰŮİϵ꣬Ů˫ֱĲӣߣ²˭
겻˵΢ûһ㣬ƽǰ
Ц밡ŹӣӣԵŶݳ
û˵꣬ͻȻһ֣ͽ˷ڵϡ
㶣ߵһߣȡ˼֦ٱһӡ
ޱ߻Ӷƽ
ôЩ⣬ôͻȻҪӡ
Ůб𣬡˵һһۣûѰʵĲϣð
ˣŮӼţ˵ҲⰡ
⻰ˣȴɫ䣬һֱԭƳĬ
˫ãӮӡ
ɫȴѿ
ϣ飬ֻһ̾лǲ顣
겻ͷǰ
˵֮ˣ㵱˭ңҲſԴ㰡
Ů˵ţΣתͷ㶼ңôܰ⻰˵ڣ
Ŷ
˵˰죬ڿڣ̲һ֣ҲǸʲô˼
ﱻ˰죬һŤͷȥƳƺ«ʿһ˹¹ϰ㣡
Ҳǰȥ
ҰСϣ紵ܱϦøᡣ
лžԶжȥá
ȵþл۾εϣްۼ
Ӵϯ룬ɢɷɻңƮߡ
лתͷ⣬ŷѾҹⳤȵϨҲ˯ʱ䡣
룬վ˴ߣһԣɵϡ
ˡ
*** ***
ӡġ˯µϢʱ켤ˡ
첻ڸ·ڴܣһûн𵤵ġͨˡ˯ˡ˲ã˯̫࣬˯ţĵξ
ʱ䲻࣬һһ죬һܴ
ԴҶȥ˯ȴԼా
˭롰ġǸʢҹèӣһֱڣȵĵƶϨˣڲ˯¡
ʱҴϽһϮɫصϣ´ϰ㣬±۾
ι£ֻɹһΣǶлš
ν˼ҹΣҹΣҲ˼
ͼ/ǿϵˣҲϻһ᲻мڴ˵ʱлűƵͶ·С
Ŭ죬лж»һΡȻ·ѣˣȥɣ´Σⱻˡ
ʱһѪؿڡ
ĶǽޣǶ˸Ļ
ҪǺΣ֮˫޹һΣһҪɣл޵ǲǡ˹ԹԹܳɹ·ӡ
һδ̫ôûù취
ֻʱ䣬ӡ
ͻȻҪãЩ֪룬˼룬ɴһǡ
ʦ̵Ķܲһֱûá
ʦ㣬̲סһĨЦ
Ժвɵøúѣα֯ξιлš
֧֧ǲǲ̫ð㲻ƭˣ
һЦϷ䣬ָ̧Ϳޢɫʳָڻϡ
ɵʦãῪڣƭģƭ
лţϲòƭ
лֻһ
ϣͲţ콣ڣлš


8 
۾һһʼһƬžĺڰûһоԼܱŲľ㣬ݴ˵
߽֪ԼԼξ
ӡڣԴԼξԼξѰӡʾķǰξĵξƴһξӣҲͿ
ûһξ״ãܣܱһƬݵأԶ֣ǰǲͷĺ¸¹ں棬ȥס
֪ӡָķںˮ֮УҲûԥһˮǰһͷˮ֮УѰӡķǰȥ
ˮ΢һ󣬱㲻䣬ǰãԶԶһƬɽ£ɽ϶һλ꣬ڴˮϢӵ£ˮɽ³ײཻˮɽΡȻ
εɽ±ϣ͸ˮϿڣ籸ۣ¶ĵģȴл˪
翴ĳл˪û뵽Ȼô󷽷ģл˪
Щ»ϲᴿģл˪ֱɽʲôã
ˣҲֻӲͷƤ
ˮ˼Ȧһֻβˣֳáġ֡
ȻԷܳס֪ѾˣԾɴԭأ
룬ź֣ڰϣԼˮ̽ӡ
Ķһܱɢл۾

һʱЩֱ治塣
ǻβŶԣΪʲôǰ
ӡ
ǰŮǻⳡˮ¹⡢ԡˣȴ͵еӣơ
ŮɴѾʪ͸¹ϣճɽһߡ
ϸĸ߶ͣסƺһǰ
һĶһ顣
ɵЩ㱡
ǰüϢ֮䣬ŮƮлűǼ⡣
һζ
ζƱǼ⣬ξСɽУЩ˼Ļ䷭
һξ֮У֮磬Ůɬǡ
һɽУŮؿڣ⿪´лţҪٲ㣬Ҫˡ
˫ֻ֮һ֣ϡ
˵ţ̧ͷһ˫ֱлţҺ䣬㱧ҡ
ǰŮָ̧ĺᣬ͵ɽŮһ𣬡Һ䣬㱧ҡ

һʱ֮䣬лЩֲǰ˭
͸籣ǰߵŮӡ
Ůһʪ͸һ˫ۺһ㣬ǡ
۲Ƭ̣ȻûԽֱ
΢΢һЦǰӡĴ
лź輱ȴκλӦ
գ۶û֣̿κ͹һǰˣһˡ
ε˿ˣȴԶ޷Ǹˡ
Σһһοǰ
סϡ
̧籡
֪Ϊλμ𣿡
˵ţԷ۾ôסϰ籡
ϢͿ۾΢ȡ
Ϊ˵ҧŰ籺ˣ̧ᳶϵĽᣬ繣ǰʾ˼ҡ
ɢ£෢˿Ҳ֮ɢ
Ц̧ۣȻĿȴһ˫ƽγѪ
Цݽס㶿˫۾
Ƭ̺͵طӦ
Ѫħ֮ף
ľȻħˣ
ħ콣˵Ǵɣݵħޣݲã
һʱؿܱ콣ڷĵ޺ô
ҪǣħʿξȶʮΣա
糷Ϊ
һ˲䣬ԥתͳˮԾȥ
Ȼ죬Է졣
ˮڻԾ˲ɱݺݵڱ档
ʹУæԼķ񱼣
ѩ󣬱ѩһ·Զӣ·ںһ㣬ûб߼ûоͷ
ܣŲڱϣ÷ۡ
оЩѩаصĽ⣬д󺧡
ԣⲻǶ齣Ľ⣬Ľ
ֲĽͶ齣𣬿ɰл̫ͣˡ
ĲĽվŵġ
л˪
͵ͣסӣ𾪻ͷ
վԶߡ
ѾһƬѩϳ֮硣
עûа
Ѿξһʼ֪Ρ
ȥ
ξѾԷ׷գҲѣ侲Էͼ
ɱ
л˪ƢĹΪɲ⣬л˪ɱ
ۿл˪ɿŰ취
ڷѩоţþãлſڣƣ˭
Ī⣬ϻ
ξбƴʶǿȣɵл˪Ͼл˪ξл˪ξӵиĲٿȨ򶷣
Ҫȥ
ϵ㣬Ķģ
лŴӰ̤档
ߵúԶȴ·سɴ磬ߵǰ
迴зγɡ
лǰɲǣ̧͵ػڱ֮ϣ
ǧ˲鿪𣬷·һӵϵĻм䣬л˫ۣǰ̮ŮȻʧ
ˮ֮У漴г׾ѣ
룬ǱԵĴĵ֣ģңģ
л˪Ѿħ콣ڣȻϻסкϻ˹ֻͽˡ
콣ڵħޣҪҲ콣ڵˣοģл˪˼ɡ
Ȼûһɴĺȴֱƴе
ԱһԾ漴ϣһֻһһץס졣
ͷ̧־һƺȥ̧ڽеĳסķӡ󳤽һѹסƣͳ˹ȥ
ˣڽֲغϣþ㱻лýס͵ѹǽϡ
ǿԶлǿ
ֻԪӤڵĽ̶ֳܵ
вһ˿ɣ뵽лָ޷Ϊʵȴ־Ľһʵƺ˳¡
ٷϢŶǰꡣ
лŵս䣬滨Ӵ룬ϵİ籱紵ᲦϣһƬ˵
ĳǰɱҡ
Զѡ
䣬⼱𣺡
лɫ䣬ڷű߿˲䣬Ͱǽǣʵʵ
סûסл˪ʲô
Ҫģ
ҲлŵķӦ㶿ŵǽǵġл˪Լ½Լ¶Ů½ǡ
ȥ
ֲƬ̣лűڡ
ķӦźϻ콣ڱѵһվǰãȻ֪롣
лżĲ̧ۿȥһƽڴ˼ŭ⡣
ͺȣȥ


9 
л߳ȣŷӦ
л˪ڴˣȻǿѯʼ䣬λ콣ڵĵλܿڵġ
ԥˣ顱һ´ϴţ˼˿
վſڵĺϻ˶һۣƬ̺ϲ˼飺ղǡл
У鱱˼ţߴ˼Ц
⻰͵طӦ
԰˵л˪Уⲻֱˣ
Ͻס鱱ϻˣ̻ȥߣ˭£
˷׷׵ͷ˲ɢ
Ķһû
ˣһģ
ȻŭƬ̣е΢
л˪ǰһխķΧϣһߵӽԱ߸
е̫·ֻһ㱡ɴԷϢ¶ȼ޿ײĸ֪Щڡ
Σ״̬ûɵýֱӣ֪ԼͻȻɱˣΪ
Ͼлŵͽܣǰʦ
뵽һ㣬Ťͷͼջָġšǧһ
˲ɱûУһʱҲ㲻ҪʲôֻܵвҲŶԷȶ֡
ȻлƺڽʲôһֱûзӦֻŰ籵ͷ
˺þãл̧֣̽ƺ봥
ѻһһˣ˶˱ǽϡ
Ķлź΢١
󽣵̲ס֣ͻأڣң

ӡ

⻰ʵûһ㶣ӦƬ̣ʶ˵ģɵøΪ𾪡
û뵽ʱˣл˪ȻἺΪˣȹһԼħ£Լʦܱñӡ
ʲôʦ֣
ʲô˼ֹģ
л˪ƴһӣҲ뼤ìܣϽǸӡȷʵҲԣû뺦ֻֻʱ䣬ҲǱƲѲҪֶΡ
û˵꣬лһѪ͵Ż˳˾˻ϡ
ʶ§סˣƬ̺漴Ӧ
л˪ħξΪѾ⣬ô죬ǸûдԼʶڵҾͳˡ
Ÿǿ֮ĩӦûʲôвҪ֣õĻᡣ
ħ콣ڳ֪֪
֪°ɱˣǵҲ
ûгħ콣ڻһϣͰɱˣ֤ӡ£ǵл˪ħȣɱں
л˪Ϊлŵӣݸ߹󣬵ʱл˵Գɽ𡭡
ԽԽ£ҡҡͷٶ롣
Ĳڶ֣л˪¸ˡ
ٻлء
һ㣬Ͻɵϣϰ籣¶۾
۾ɫǳʾħʶѳ̶ȡ
л˪۾һƬȥƽл˪ƽе㲻
ˣǲ
̧һ˦Ͱлһɫڸл¡
㣬ϴڡл˪࣬Ǭȡ壬תͷԱ߸ⰲлţϹŷ壬һΪħܻЩʹ࣬һҪ
û˵꣬Ϳл˪׾ֱ

л˪ûбһԴͿǰְ̧סԴ·һ㽫Ǽ䡣
ֱӣƬ̺󣬾һɳƵ𣺡ζأ
ζ
ʲôζ
ãȻһ漴ʶѾʡζ顣
ʲôֵл˪ζ
˵㣿
ӦлŶ˶٣߲ⷴʣ㣿
ԣϻֻҪ߶˫޹ЦݣšҲεľǱˡ󷽷Ȼһ㣬Э˫޹׻ǡ
ϻӡ
лૣ̧ͷŻÿ˶У
ͷÿ˶С
ֻÿ˵ζϸ΢ͬˡ
лû˵ŻΣ¹⣬ˮ
гҲÿ˶ô
ҲǣôеĻ⣬Ҳ˵治ʵʵ𣬡ʦ̵ı׼ַҲ֪ôξʱͿԲο
˵ţлŵĿĪЩûСһЩճ
лųĬкɫһɢ
ֱԷˣһ˵ûһգҲ֪ӡǶҪ֪ҹΣһôܣһúơ
ˡ
лȻĻǰںδ
ǰЩɵʵ÷£ںϻ

⻰û⡱һ£ǿЦҵԶϻﷱӣһǴ˴ףһӶ
𰸣۾ƺǻãſһץԱ߰ʲôûһ㣬´ȥ
ץŴʵסֻ̽һСлôˣ
˵꣬ⳡʻôô֡
лͣסŲڵ
Ͻڣټ죺ħ¶Ҳ˵ȥġֻǵĲȡڵħʿкܴͨ˿ңȻΪðҴٳһ¡
콣ףлͻȻڴ
ԣ㶵ͷԡ
˭
û뵽л˪ȻôʣһС𣿡
лŲ˵ĪҹЩ䡣
þãڣ֪ˡ
˵Ჽȥ
ᣬȰȰĲȣжԵھ֢ϻд˵ҲԣֻҪҸӡ
û˵꣬ѾʧҹɫʣµĻԽ˵ԽС˫Ӯ
ˣȻ˸ػ
ſڣ𾪵Ըӡ
û뵽л˪ȻԼħ¶һ㶼ģʵˡ
ħߵ
˺þãŷӦ̧һӰŴϣ̾Ϣſһ
ӡл˪ϣĿ϶֪ˡ
ôһٶıˣֶΣҲöԷϲ
л˪ô£ôڷķӡóķӡʱħƭȥл˪ʲôͷ
ιû취콣ڴ˻ȥˡ
ڡ
ۣҹɫйǡ
Ҳϵ
*** ***
лŴӳȲеԼ䣬ҹࡣ
̧ͷͥԺĿ̧֦֣֦ųѿѿɿ滨ʢƮ£ػؿ֦
ľ괺и߽׷οһ˵
ȫɡ
лڴվãڻǵͷȡдƣ̧һ
ûƬ̣𣺡ţʲôˣ
ʦ壬лſڣһˣòϢҲ񣬵֪ǲǹˣΣ
ǡ̽ţǡ
лûгȨĬϡ
⻰̾˿Ҳûо֡
Щл⣬йء
룺ҵһӡrԼĽһͬӡr顣ͬѪrи֪и֪ҹ۲ǡ
á
ڴ֮ǰ֣أһв䣬ѾˣǸ޹ء
r鼴¹ش󣬳ţ㲻ܳ©


10 
ݺݲһȵڶѹʱ͡
˸Ƿ漴ԣܱ߲ҹ˯Ŀͷƽճ񳵣档
ѹϸϽһ棬ڻǰۣôлоΣ
ŹǷĶһ̧־͸һʲôأҺл˪ʲôû

ظЩʧ˲ݹȥ죺Ƕ㷿ˣڵʵʵģôʲô
㻹˼˵
ӹɴۣʦģˣȥлСļᶨҸϳˣҪûɱңͽǶˣ
ôܣϿ϶һͲɱӡ
㶮ʲô֪Ҳ𣿡ָԼ˳ĲҲ͸ˣ
ļᶨûԿɱʲô
ϲ⣬ѿڶס
ף
ϼһ죬Ͻͣҽξģʲôû
һ¶ѡ
¶ԲϣԷԲ
Ϊʧ˻ȥðɡǸգһΪء
ϵ䣬뵽ӣɵֻʲôѽлڶҺ֮ǣҲǸıɵĶŮӣպûʲôˡ
⡭Щˣô죿
ɡ˵ƽ˿ڲ裬²豭̧һ档
ʿȻܹϾ;棬໹޻߷˿̳ϣ˶ŸԵһ·ڹٵϣƺڸ·
۲һľ󣬷ϲתͷϣȥĶ
콣ھʹǳˣҲû˵ȥĶҲǻ콣ڰɡϻڻղŵĻݡ
ôϵЩɻüûס
˯̫ôжвѣΣֻܸˡ
ȷ̫ˡ
ðա
Ҳ⣬ҿûгԵģ
һЩġ
û˵꣬óתͷͿȻڳߡ
ȻȻһЦˣ𣿡
㶣û뵽콣ڵĵӻ
޷תûӦǷñٹȵȻ볣죬˿ԲԷȴС
ֻڳʿæŸ·ֻкϻڻ¶û뵽Ȼȴ
һůЦ޷ҳԵľǡ
óԵģȻ˵ţԱ߾һʳУʦָ˷ˣ׷ģȺءͣһ³Ҹȥ
ģЩ졣
û뵽ӡ¶ľȻԸ
Աϲ죬зԣϽͣųޡ
ȻӴ⽫ʳеݽЦеʦ˵ˣ֪ĿζһЩʲôϲԺ˵һȥ򡣡
ô˼ϲ̽ӹʳУһ䣬Ǽϲرϲˣ
ϡһۣϸϽȥͷʼԹԲˡ
תͷȻŽȻͷллͷͬ˵һлһ⣬زҪ̫ۣҳԱٹȵҲµġ
û£ʦ֡
оǣ룬վǿڣͷٸ֮ǰҺܱǸպ󲻻ˡ
ȻЩãȻ⻰Ǹ˶£ö˵ֻܵͷãúϢҡȥͬʦ˵
Ȼ˵꣬뿪
´תͷһʢ˺ԱӶϣһۣˣûķݡ
ôء⻰ῪڣҳʣҲУϲˣҰԡ
һԴһѣҪҼˣ궼Զ
ȥ컨֣ͰͿ
ˣƿԷɡ
˳ĴķˣȻȥԻһһʮתġ
ţȷһΣϲ⡢ˣ
ǡ
ȻͷԺˣ϶ˣ
˼ͷȻڣŶУҶ˵֮ǰºܱǸպ󲻻ˡ
⻰һ㶣Ȼ濪ڣʦ֣֮ǰʲô°
Ŷû£ĻºЦЦһᣬͬлʦֻл˵ȥչӡ
ϡ
Ȼͷת뿪
ԭͣƬ̣ЦЦתǰȥͷǰлš
Թ緹ʰʳУĶ˸ɾճͿȻſڡ
ʹȻ˿ڣҰʰ
˵ţһʳУϷӦʳ뿪
ûãʳглС
ɨһۣˡ
ˣǡǡȫ෴ֽЩˡ
ģǡƭˣ
*** ***
ԹڴϿ˻ģ콣ûаͣļƣɴඨ
붨ʱÿ죬ȻۣѾҹԱ߳ԴС˿棬ҹɵЩɻ
콣ôǻô·콣ڷʲô
鱱ֱ֣ӻˣ鱱ǰߣüΪλ콣ôǺԭ򣿡
˸š
鱱ڣһ⣬Ϊ裺ˡ
𽹬
˵ĿǰΨһˣ鱱ҡҡͷֹܲ·Ͽ׷ٵ񡣡
⻰Щ𽹬Щ⣬Ͼ𽹬ͷŶӾǺϻȻɹЩֱʣҲǲܡ
ɾ֮һ֣ͼʲô
ţȻͣס
鱱ͻһۣȻǰǸɽȣлʦйȥ鿴ȴ
Ȼ˵ţ콣ڵӱΧ˹һȺԻΪԲĽһ󣬽ϻ˶м䡣
鱱˻һۣڣл˪ֱӽȣǰӦˣҪҪ
û˵ܱԼʲô֮
ϻۣ鱱ɫҲÿ
ЦԼ
䣬ܱ콣ڵӾ棡ö棡䱸䱸
嶾Ҳˡ
鱱˻һۣȥæ
콣ЩСӱϾᣬЩʿҪԵùͷʣ
鱱˳ȥھϺͻ
һϣϱǰڻǰ̯֡
һֵָֻһַֻ̯ơ
ֻƽһ·ɵϣָѪҺ䵽棬૳ɬ䡣
ѪתһԲΣԼʼӳɸӵķ
Ƭ̺һ·ӣͻȻһ͵󣬳ܱһ·ȥ
󱬷һĹ֮˲һգ
콣ڵӾ㶼סȻƬ̣һԱ͵
ͬʱӰгֱϮ
ٴξͬЩӰһǰͺ̳
еΧŻ֮಻ϻŷ䡣
һһӻ֮кԶֱӻɱЩӰͶʿ
ۿŶͺӰԽԽ٣миҲʱĸоԼ
˲ԣתͷСģ
ҲһɲǣͻȻһֻצԳľ߸˦
϶Ƿޣô͵һ˦ȶס壬ֱӴ˦ɿȥ
һ¶棬˦һ˹ȥ
ָ׼Ϊ¹·ź⣬ۣҲƬ̣͵˹סס͵һǿӾצӿ
צĵıĳʹΪһ§סģԥϳھҧƬ̣ὣǰһھߣ
Ž΢΢ͷһѪģЦΣɲˡ
ǿһЦҲƬ̣һѳͷβ£޶ס͵طӦԱһԾһ·ϡ
һʹ຿гСɽһľ޴ֳ룬ֵȥ
Ѫˮ£ɽĴ̧ӣסģסѪꡣ
͸Զ;޵¿϶֮վһ̧֣꣬ʿ޵ĳ䵽УѪ֮УӰ˲Ϣ֮׷Ϸʮʿ
شͷ­ɡ
ˮ֮ǰѾ˽Щ˵
ֻʣһվԶһʿѱǰסѪˮһǿһ
ģ㶿Ⱦ˰Ѫġл˪վѪˮת
һȾѪ÷һƽģûа覴á
Žʼձƽɻȴϣоƽɱ
ɱκˣֻΪɱ̫ɡ
ʬǶȴҲоһ˲ĵ
°Ѫħ
Ŀڻϣֶ˺þá
Ѫˮһ·ܱӣûκ˸˵
ģŶšл˪ƺ˵ʲôſڣƺʲôûпڡ
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Ĳ䣬Ƭ̺󣬾ѯʣýô


11 

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лսֽ˽ֺܿסԼ
Ƭ̺תԱ߻Ǹʿûʹ⡣
лᲽȻŷӦʲô鱱һ˳嵽Աߣʼĺͻ
˲أ鱱˿ڣ͹۲һߵġл˪
л˪ߵʿǰʿܶһ˫۾ֶлţ
һ˻˵Щʲôû뵽л˪ûԷڵĻᣬ̧־͵ʿü䡣
ٶûһ㶡
Ȼʣֱ
ʿǼ̵ֶΣʿԸԱһʷʽ
ڡ嶾ڡ֮аħɣ÷סʿѡ
л˪Ϊ콣ڵӣ㲻֮ģҲĶԷԱ
쿴šл˪۾ʿûƬ̣ʿ͵ֻۣ䡱һ죬ʿըѿȥ
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ᲽڷӦϽڣл
лתͷżɽ֪лʳʲô
޹ءлſڣüͷ
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12 
л˪ȥʱһߵӱߣͷźˮ
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˵ţĿл˪˿ϡƺûаתļ󣬺ԽŨԱе࣬ɵüͷ
ôصл˪ɽĵʲôˣ
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13 
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ۣԺŻͷѾʰõл˪˰£ƺѾȬŽվڳԸ˯׼̡
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£ڣһƽȣˡ


14 
˵䣬Ա߹â𣬻ǰһƬ׹⣬ʲô֪ԷץԼûĲ١
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лûжԣ˰üĦ䣬˸޹ص⣺ǰԭҪ˭
ͳȥ˵ģ̾˿ֻǺ˻
˭
лŹִѯʣ˵һ֣塣
л룬Ӽзҳһİĳƺֹٹ
˵Ϊͷۣ֮ǰδ򡣡
⻰һл˪ͻȻסŲͷл˪վԭأЩʣδ򣿡
һл˪̲ԣԼ콣ףиδôôԡ
Ͻͣ˻ˣپ˻ʱ˻ġ
˻ˣ
л˪ظֱ¶ƺý֪ͣʲôֻǿҾûн̤˼
Ϊζ飿
л˪һʱЩ飬ʶԼ˽µĽ飬ֻϻû𽹬һҶħΪƽּҺ嶨ס
ɣл˪ɢࡣ
˲תͷλ
ϽӦЩ˼л˪ͣϻЩȷʵʵãֻЩάһ
ˡ
лſڣϻ
ãȻͿԷᲽǰƽȣԺ󶼲ˡ
һʱû˼һ£ǿ⣬˼Լǣ콣콣ھúϻֱͦˣ
ȻһסϻƲЧΪ˲л˪Լŵţһʾл
˵ŻﵽһҴϣǽ뷿䣬Ů̧ϲ֮£λȻ·һһ˽ȥλڴϵȺҴڰȵ֣λ԰꣬ǵﶴѨҵС㡣
סͷģһҵǼС㡣
ҵ⣬ɱ˺񣬶ȶ򾳾ǹȥˡ
Ȼ޲ɱһǧΣֻǸþźͻþƽϡ
Ҫѵ֮ǰƾؾĺλõrҪ¡
ùϲתͷл˪˾ϲȥ·滻ɡ
š
л˪Ӧϲȥڼ䣬ϲϣ˳ְͷ˸򵥵﷢٣ױ̨Ϸŵ¼ͷϣžӿ˼ۺ߳ȥ
߳䣬л˪Ѿ·תͷڿ˲䶯΢٣ķӦ⣬̧ת˸Ȧôǲǲ
Ϊл˪˵Ȼδ룬껰󣬶Էͷš
ѻһʱ洫λ׼𣿡
ˣһ⻰Ͻͷ߸˿ţȥĶ
￴Ҳһ㶣Ͻ񣬵˾䡰ðࣺ֮ҪˣλȥװȺɡ


15 
˼װ壬Ȼָӹװϣ˻лһһͷŻλһᴬ˳ǣǾͰѸͷϣȺǵĹȷλã͸ǴţҵǼСٶ֡
ġӦǻᱣСġ
ԣлһ뿪
뿪װֻʣ»лˣлŴһһһǱߣǱֻrɱˣҡ
á
лſڡ
ʱͻȻʶл˪Ȼͷβûʹô֪rֻ
룬Ҫ˼롢ָͷл˪ҲĬֻrҲ֡
˵ţ⻮ȥ·չ£ߺš򸣡
˰ļĺˮŴ˳ųкӵ⻮˳ǺܱԽʱ䣬Լϸͷߴл˪Ҳϰɣһˡ
л˪ûתͷŻƬ̣оԼһĶл˪ڣһҲڣ㣬
Ҳý
ԣЦлſһۣϸŽӣ·һλδĴҹ㡣
ջĿ⣬ֻš
˵ţԱߴĦǸԼ˸ͷ
ϸͷ˵һ͸оͣ
ܱ߱쳣Ƭ̣ƺ˼װ塣
ʶ̽ȥֶһЩɫӰӣϺ̺źɫߣã˲ź̺ǰ
ӡ
һº͵𣬾̫Ϊ˱ⱻԷ֣ʶͿԷһֱ԰׵֣Ҵظ
ЩϤоԼЩ벻
֪ؾӰ죬
˳ִ϶ԷƣԱҲһŮӵ㡣
Ůӵزд˼䡣
лһǰϲ۵ţһǰ
ǰӿ·Ǳ룬¶ˮƴɵ̨ףһ·¡
Żлһ·£ߵ׺˱Żлŷֿͬ䡣
ջļ䣬ʵ˷
ֻҪɱˣȳ⣬ȶ򾳾ˣô򵥵
һ˿
ǰ߽䣬£ºͿڣĺܲװɣ
ӻĬԭأ֪ܱߡ
Էȴϲʶţѣ˸ͷ鿴ܡҺò׵ȵһ죬ҡ
⻰пһ£͸оһ̽ϲ֮£ϲ
һϤġˮźϻζӲԶ̲סŶԷ̧ͷ
ɫϲɫɫߣд˼ЦῴŻ
ϴֻһл棬㶿ŶԷЦ겻ʶˣ
ݡ
ţǰ껺ͷһƲлrؾڴã˵ӡ֪뾳Һǻϲ꣬Է֣ڻϣࡣ
ǻþ
Լɱ
ɱ뿪ȶ򾳡
ǿǰˣ֪ǰһ˿΢ĻϢ֡
ġأ
ôԣôܣնɱݳĻǣ
ǰˣЩ٣ݳῴͻȻʲôŶһˣﻹһˡ
˵ţݳתͷһԱڰյ⣬ѪݳĿд䣺Ҳһƻǽ
˵ݳһ֣Ϸײײ嵽ǰڵϣץסӣңлһҪң
⡣
֪ⲻǻþĻ
ûΪʲô

ݳв֪ʱ˵ⲱϣͷºͿڣɱ𣿡
һӦƴ䣬ͼݳĻ
Ȼ⺬оƤ
ô꣬޷Ƶ
ȶ򾳷Ŵи飬۰Ǻޣκθ飬Ϊȶ򾳵ϡ
ݳڻС
ͷѵԼؿڣҰѵ㣬ɱң
˵ţݳݱʦʦ֡ߡ
΢΢Ҳһ˲ͻȻ𣬳ݳ˹
ûκԥתһͿͷ­
ѪɽϣѪۣܱߺ¡죬Լл˻𣺡
ȻѾ֪ˣֻҰ޵ɱеĵһ죬عͷԶˡ
лɱز˹ȶ򾳶˵ûʲôӰ죬زƿͷ˲䣬ֱӸĲӡ
Ȼŵ·͸ĻųԱվһˣ̧־Ϳ⣡
⵹һɲܱߵضɽҡһ·任лų嵽ǰʱԭĶѾʧȡ֮һƬս
վڲԶĿһƬţǱյͨĺϻʬѪ¥ѶϣΨһһ滹ŵģڻС
Ѫϻźϻڳ˴¡
У·ǽһԼཻĳ
ȶסˡ
лЩ𾪣壬ǼᶨŸױסˣô˿̱סģȻǻ
л˵֪ǿ˭Ц᣺Ǻˡ
̧죬ָлţÿһֶ·ѪһգһҪǣѪծѪ
˵գӻȻлžͳ˹
лŻæһأһ֮
˿ʵƽʱȻͬһޱȣȫǻ۷Ĵڡ
л˪ˣѾɥڴˡ
лţ֮󣬱ߡ
Ͼл˪壬ʹóԽ̫ܷΧȺͻƴһԼȱ塣
Ҫǣܺͻƴһ
ܶԻ֣Ĵ͸֧Լ״Ĵ򷨡
ټȥǿŰ𵤣¾ͳ鿪Ҳûлء

лһķӳȥЩڻ˵ƺûκá
Ѿȶ򾳳ɣȻԶڶȶĻþС
ô죿
лԺлͷ취ֻɱ˻ȥߡ
ֱþ
þԲл˪ܳ
һʹ˽Լͽ뿪л˪һҹ
r顭ܵһҹ
лһһ˼һƳǿſʼĽ𵤡
ȲٹƬ̣Ľ𵤾ͻ᳹ѡ
лһҧڻһʱһץס֣ٿڣƸӦr飬ȥ
˵꣬лŽһ˦гһᣬ͵һȥ
һȫǶɽڵĽ⣬֮֮ˮ£͵ײؾ֮ϡ
ֻ¡һ죬ճƣһ٣оָ׸巢ʲôл˪ͺһߣ
˵ţһקߴ
ܱҡҡλΣһƬһƬѿлŻڵʯ֮С
һ漲壬һһ֮ǰҪκ˽ֻ֣Ҫ˭õr鼴ɣԼ
˵ţѿһԾһųȥԽţܱ˲ʧء
ԣͳһŷֽý߶ֽֽ˲󣬽˽סƮ䡣
Σ˿תͷȥԱߵл˪
л˪ȥߣץ
ʱŷ֣ңϢ΢ˡ
л˪
ȥѣ
Է˵ƺѾȫʧȥʶ
һʱЩ֪룬ջ⣬ӦʿƿܾҲˡ
뾡Ҹȫĵطл˪r顭
һ·֣Ƭ̣׷Щʿ˹ȥ
Щ߾ǡ


16 
л˪rʱһʱ䣬콣֮磬ڱԭϴ͵ŻһѪ
һԸ߸˿żһѹ˿Ͻǰôõrˣ
ްδr顣
л´ݼѪشӵ⡣
Բ죺ôˣ
Ұؾˡ
⻰Ӿסˡ
лõԼ壬һܾȻڻ¡õл˪塭
˪ðɣ
ӷӦæѯʡ
лҡͷ޷ҵĽųң˼ʶ˳Ӱ飬һͻȥ
Ӱʲôãü˪ȥˣ
һ޷ǣл˪ʱл˪ĻǾѾóߣл˪ѣܸôǧ׽ȥ
˳л˪壬л˪ҲҪֻ״̬
˴ȥ׷r顣
лſڽͣ⻰˼֡
ȥڶ࣬лӦҲһ˽ؾ˿ţá
ûr飬Ҳ֪˭ߵġ
rĽӡûôױƿ֪˭õʱҲǲԡ
˵ͷƽ͵Ͻȥ
š
лӦ۾ʼ
лҹ֪л˪ָ˼֣̻صл˪С
սл˪壬ů⴫ܱƺԶ
ԺۣԼƺһɽתͷڻԱߣ°ǳߡ
һŰɫ̺ӣźϻŮе㣬ڱǼ⡣
ζƬ̣͵طӦ
ûиӦ
ѾؾĴrڴ˴ӦÿԸӦĽڣȴûаӦ
һ㣬лƿ̺ӣɽ⼲ȥ
̧һͼл˪żߡ
֪żʲôϽǰ𼱰rѾûˣġ
⻰лŶסӣתظһ飺r飬ûˣ
Щ飬ӲͷƤܾͣʿ̫ˣҸϵr֮ʱǴҾͶԱ߿Ǵ˰죬˴rˣȻ˿r鲻һˡ
лû˵Ż룬ϽóһӰ飺ŶҶˣԼ
˵ţͰӰ˹ȥл̧һסӰ飬۽Ӱڣչʾǰ
Ǵͷʼ¼ģǲൽr֮һŲʿɱ
лһЩʿˣ֮ǰɱ˻ͬһ
Щɱһһǰһˣһӡ䵽ϣΪ֮һɷ·һţ򿪡
֮һƬݳݺɵĻ԰԰һʯ̨ʯ̨ϻrϢӦԭr֮Ȼ˿ʯ̨տҲѾʲôûˡ
˿Ƭ̣˾rأ
⻰Ҳٶ֣׷׳֮УĴѰһȷûrټ漴ƺ֪һѹѸ뿪
ļ¼Ҳ͵ץץͷмֲ˼Ѵֹ˹ûƤӵ²ˡ
лӰ飬ûж˵תͷ⣬·
Ҷ໰Ͻǰϻˣ㽫Լг˰׻תͷл˪֣ϻˣҴ㡣
ء
лŹϾܾ𣺡߰ɡ
ӣҲǿŰ׻֡
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ӰǴһʼͼ¼ͻ˵޶ǡ
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Ϊô
תͷ
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֪ʲô
Ϊʲô֪ԸӦr飿
˽ţþãлɳƿڣ㲻Ҫƭҡ
ҿģ̧һֻ֣˵棬ҸӦr顣
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ץַŲʣ֪ˡ
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ΪʲôҪƭأ
ôƭأ
лŶŻܱߵԱԣͼл˪лؾЩȣȳȥɡ
һȥ
лڣãȻȥ
콣ڣл˪Ѫҧڣ֮硣
˵ţ𷨹⣬Щ𾪡
콣ھֽǧ˵ȥȥǶɽٴسɴ磬˲Ϣǧ˿ǡ
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һģȴһǼ⣬ѣ̧ͷһɽһƣɵۡ
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֣
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лŲᣬǰȥ飬Ȼܾˣûάϵ˿һûֻܶл˪ȭߣл˪ˣҪʲôſң
лŲС̨ף֮纮ԽԽš
Ҫ֮磬Ҫлţ
лŻ᲻ϳϳлŻ᲻ǿ
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лû˵ץŻ֣ͷڵϣظһ飺Ҫ֮硣

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ֹ
ҡͷ̧һ㣬ӡмֿӡ
ӡһӡһȴǻӡϢǣ㽫ʩߺй֮˻ʩ˶֣ӡ϶Ϊһ㣬ڴ˵Ҳѷ֡
л㶿ŷӡɫд˼֮ǰδϸŷӡȷӡȴٳٲڵǹٴΰɣɳ룬νϳ֤ƾ²˿
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ӣ̾˿˪ҪϢҲȣȻ֮չѻӡɵӰµ£̨ףɡ


17 
лź˵Żʱλɵĵ쵽ͷ
պ˿ڲ裬Ϳ˽
һӣ񣺡ǰ
ﲻض񣬡һѣҽܣ콣ڵڶӣ֪źɣĻᱻ˪
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˼תһȦӴһ·ʮּգ˵˵ôģ
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ţϸ˼þ¡
껨ӵͷûr飬ұ֪ǳ¡ֻһ·ǣʵⲻȥ
޷
ҡͷ˴ұר콣ڱ⣬콣ڹؽ֮ãܰæõģϧr鱻ߡ
ҲǻĴ𡣡
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ʱлֹԴΪϻæϻϾΪ콣ͬŶ֣۲СЦ˼ֱʣϣ콣ڲɣ
ȻЦЦӦ´֮ǰҵʻ˪ϵĻӡ˭µģ
Ȼҡһ٣漴󷽷Ц˵ֻҪеԸһصӦ¡Եʱҷ˺ͿллǼͣδӦϻҲΣ֮£ƲĽסأ»ӡӰ콣ڵ°ɣ
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»ӡΪ˽գѻ档
ɨȥΪ˵Щ
Ҳǣѻ̾˿ǿл˪һе̫ݣ߳¡
޷ֻһ¡
Ħָ΢䣺л˪ܾпҵļ䣬Ҫ֪лţ°лǹ
ô
Ľⶫȳ̫࣬ѣвǶ
ѻ˵Ƭֻ̣ȥл˪ļĨˣ
ӡţҲǲԡһġ
һ룬ֹ̫ͣܵĲ롣
ˣԼмֿЦ
˵ţָֻ֮ǰ侲뿪֮ǰл˪ûңҾӡаǶμˡ
ҲУգõʱȥʩ䷨ã˷ˡ
ѻȥͻȻʲôתͷ˵ղŲл˪˭
֪ѻѡֱ׸лš
ѻһģˤ
ɱңѻվæôȷϲǵģ
лţ⣬˵ʮֿ϶лӡ
ӡҪˣлţֻе
ΨһĽſɽ١
ҡ
ǸȥĮ۵ȴ˼ꡣ
л˪ӡ
л˪Բ̫࣬԰ˣ̫ࡣ
ŻĻѻ˿ͷðգûҾͷˡ콣ڲ˾Ͻףл˪䴦ˣȻȥ㡣
ȥɡ
ӻ֣ѻɳȥ
ѻߣߣ뵽֮ķѩ裬룬Цһ֮緽ңңٱһ˴ϡ
콣ڵգݼź͸̴ȷ
콣ڹϲ֣ɽϲʱźϻϵˡ
ʱɻʣһգûм棬ֻ˺ϻˣϢ֮󣬱ͬճɻ̡
·콣Һ˶Թ鱱ͬĳɻ飬ɡ
ԵͷһȦ⣬ֻǴϢһǱɽ鱱콣ڣ
콣ڵĹأ轫ӭ׵콣ڡϻ̫Զ콣ںͻ飬ǰһɽĺԺס£ڶӭɽ콣ڰǩ»飬·
֮󣬸ǱɳֱӸ
̻÷ϾϻһʽĻ磬뵽콣ڱ͹طܼ࣬򻯳Ǻܲףȥˡ
˸һ·ҲƣϢϢһȵƻʱ̧֣ջҪĶͬһɽ
ϻڶ࣬콣ڵĵӣƺƵ
ɽ֮ʱڽɽһϺ̲סͷһ֮硣
֮콣ߴѩǣ˴ɽ롣
ϻӴͽȻ˴кɤŴһʱ콣Ե쳣֡
䵽֮磬·ǱŴ
лƺǱţ۾˶þã
ѩǰһӡһӡڿУŻת
ʱѻڽëϵѩ£ãȻ̧ͷͿ콣ںӲһƬƺӭʲôʢϲ¡
һŲӵҸ֪ˣΣӦȶ˰ɣ
лŲ˵ɽ£þãŵѯʣʲô
ӳĬƬ̺ճɻ顣
лһ㶣Ӳ䣺ԼģĴӦˣãҲӦջɽţɽӭס
лǴ㶣ŵϰѩʼղԡ
ӼΣһЦӡЧӦ˰ɣ¸оôϲƣ˪
֮硣
лڿڣӣȴôһ䡣
Ƭ̣üѣţ
Ǿʹ֮硣
лŹִڣĽһΡ
ɡ
أл̧ͷӣһ飬أ
˵ǰһꡣ
û¶ı飬һ飬ɴ˿ԼѾΣȴԾɲѿߵ
Ӳ̶࿴Ťͷȥڣ㱩¶ݣ֪ڵ̫Σա
ҡ
ӡȥӦټ죬л˪ĽûһͨģԣһΡ
⻰лŷ
лʦ塣
ȻԺ󣡡Ӽǿ㲻Ҫˣ
˵ţ̧һָڿеӡлϡ
˯Ρҡ
ӳƬ̣ڻǷҰ㿴ţʲôԣһ
á
⻰Ҳ޻˵˴֮磬ŵá
쳹׺лӡ죬ͷڣ˯ˡ
˵ţĽӸߴ£˫ϥ֮ϡ
Ƭ̣Ľһͨĳ
ΰɡ
лű۾߶䣬ûһǰȥ
һƬڰУãܱй߹ܱ߳۾ӦҲʼܱ֮
ͷֻܱҡ
Ȼɽ˺ڵƻɺ֮䣬Զվڻ̯ߵĻ
ͷŻƣѡ˺þãǲĿ⣬תͷ
Ⱥǰὣ籸۵ꡣ
Ƭ̣Ц
л
ڣлŲԡ
룬תͷԱȡһյùƣŵߵǰ
ҹңɽԵɾ
ЦţƵݸлţȻУһյưɡ


18 
л˪ӡʱ򣬻˸֪
ǱϾĶϤ̶ԶʤЩޡ
ʹл˪Լȥˣá
ǻһƽڵξе
ϲξЩĽУһЩֵĳӦҲϲ
ŻƹȥлαװĽлơ
Цѽ
ߴ٣л̧֣Žӹơ
Ȼˣڳϣһְɡ
лŲ˵·ϡ
ʵֱӰѽԹ벻ǣξ
ǿŮӵıӰһʱ˿ڣֻŵƣĬĬ
ξ֣ˣʫһ·һ·ߵһСӱϡ
˴ľӰַ֣ǷˣʯϣŶ滨Ƴ֣ºѯʣлΣʲô°ɣ
лûشЩ̫ش
ԣ룺Īͬҵ𣿡
ԷҲ
̾˿Ҳǣĳɻ飬ҴԼҲټˡ֮ǰ˵ȶǣ㲻ҪҲûˡ
˵ţ˼ֵģħ¶ʦ֪𣿡
ԼлڲĿɫ̹Ȼ˵ͷӦҲ֪ģ֪Ҳ᲻㡭
ܲˡ
л˪ڿڣܵЦϾܲ˵¶
лûӦ⻰ƺЩǸڣҲˡ
ĽɽٴԲתͷˮ˼̾Ϣ㲻һˣˡ
ûˣл쳣ִܳΪ
˾ĬЦЦҲǣӦҸϤʦҲû˵
ûлظһ飬ƽû𣿡
Ӧ𣿡
ʣлŲԣ룺ǲǻӦ£
лôʣ֪Լ⡣
۾һ飺Ĳý
ЦЦ֣ºͿڣɷ񽫽һã
лû˵ĬӦʣȥסг
ڻҪνɲǣлͻȻûһѹסν
лѹ΢΢̧л
и
лף̧ͷ۾þãڶԷʵУѷſ֡
Žһ¡
˿δ㶣ɻ̧ͷı
޵ıֻб˺ͽѪĵܰγ
֮ǰл˪õĶѣû뵽ѲǱ
лûгŻڽϵ֡
һʱЩΣڨڨſǸǸû뵽Ҿ㿴ûýġ
лûӦ㶿űչĽĻ
̧ͷվԱһڵϵĹӣ˸
ܺÿֻҪѧ˾ܿ⽣ɬսûаȣȫǸӡ
ʱҲʦѧڽһ;û츳ѧ˸ռӣˣǳ׷ˡһֱִһý̧ЦȫȻΪħǸɣ
⻰л˪˷ӦŻɫ²ţҲǺϻеˣýʦѪȻˣ
лû˵̾˿
ںϻҲֻû뵽һԼ˻㵽лŵͽͷϡ
ЩͷۣΪǾȰһȰл˪
Ҹ˻ӡӡǣϢ˶ʩ߲øУһ˵ĸ鵽ʩϡ翴ҵ˿ϲ֤ݡ
˵ţ˼ֱǸұΪ֪ˣ¿ŻⷨӡӰ졣ҲˣһĽҰβĽҲҪҵˡǸˡ
ţ̽ȰȻѾˣҲԭءĽͲ˽飬˾ͺˡ
𣿡
лͻأڣһʱЩûףͿл̧ͷʵϲһˣӦϲһӣ𣿡
⻰Цˡ
Ȼ
˵ѣľӽˮҲϲһˣϲΪҲνٶȥѣҶǵˡ
תͷ԰ƻºͣ˶䣬ҵϲɾϲСᣬٶ꣬ܿˣû˭ϲ˭һӣȻ㡭
ûңҲҡлͻȻڣϻ
һ㶣תͷл˪Ϳź棬ᣬֻȥ֮硣
˵ϲһӡлŸϵİƮڷУǼţ㲻һ
˵һգϲлһա
ǻӡǣ̫
лһǽ壬Ƭ̶ȥŻ΢΢ƷԱʯգƳף޶ͷϡˣֱᣬθˡ
˵ţлὣתǰһûоͷĳ·һƬڰ
ʯƬ̣ŷӦԼҪʲôվл
лŶסӣתȥͿվɡ
˵ţϽһӡһһֻֻɫƾճ֡
лĿЩɫϣֻ̧˸Ȧһյơ
ЩɫУө
֣ݸлεպǹȥˣͿԴˡ
лŲ˵Щε
һƻεڡл˪УƵĳˣ䣬ڣ֮ϣʩչл˪
֣ʩչһҪȷ϶
ĺԷɫ̧ͷһŻεĵܱξΪ𶯲ȣڣԡ
㲻ǵþзʲô
лãȻŻܱξ̮ǰŮʩ䣬һһֹע֪㲻ǵ⣬ǵʦǵزǵü񡣡
þеһУ㶼ǵá
ɲǣлվŵξȻ鿪
лץװŻεĵ׹գ㶿վڸߴɫƽԼ
׹ȥġл˪˿
һճɻ飬ͿԴĺ͡ǶĻˡ
뵽Щˣڴϻ۾Ŀд䡣
ڴָ̧֣һƬУָɷתźݵĵУԶƤһһαϵĽ
תƬ̣ʧ֣滮ָ⣬ѪҺϡ
İϤѪζĿ䰵
Ȼ
ûһС
ţ⴫ϸ˵ĺºͷڶƺˣԡ
ָ˿˲ϣԼЦݣã
*** ***
ξ֮֮磬ѩ
л͵ۣϢ΢ҡ
ӸæǰڣôܰγĽ𣿡
лŲ˵ŵ档
üͷ˵ôˣ
лãȻתͷ㶿ӣҵļ䡣
Ҳһ㶣漴ԣϽٰؾе¸˵һ顣
лֱʲôԣþһУڣҺȶ򾳣뾳ϳǸҵļ乹ļ䣬Һһ⡭
ܣӴüͷⲻļ䡣
лס̧ۿħǲȣ絣ȶ򾳣Ժꡣȶ򾳣ȶֻܿ̽˪ļ䣬ܿ̽ģһܱ֤ȶ򾳶ûӰ졣û𣿡
תͷΪ֣Ϊļ䣿
ǡлſʵýȷϣþУԻļΪĻþ˪ļ䣿
ݡӴ棬ܾļԴǻһþͻǸݣл˪ݽļ䣬ǸˡȻԴ˪ģ͸պ÷
л˵һ˲֮䣬þһзӿ
ܾҵǻʦһˣɻܸʶ
ﶼںͻ̸ܾһУΧƻչ
ǲ乹ܾҲл˪
л÷ɿ죬ʶһܵ¡
ǸΪļܾģ
ǻ
ǻģ
ȴݶȶ򾳲԰Σʧȴܴݳ
ΪǶȶ֮ˣеü䣬Դڻ
ʶһ̣Ϣ
˵Ļ¶ɺϣ
ζҲɺϣ
ýҲɺϣ
Ǽ䣬Ҳһӵеɺ
ĻţΪʲôβĽΪʲôӦƣ
Ϊʲô궼֣һ֮ȡ
ɽһ֮а˵ϲһӣôͲ
ˣò׻ˣΪʲô˵
ôҪһǿ߸֪һлţΪʲôԸһԪӤڵĽף˵һ䣬ˣ
Ժȶִ죬Ѫˮĳ
ЩʿŪĿǣ
𷽲ξУ趯Ǹ֦
ǰϾ߷ƣʮħ뾳Χϻӿعһ£龡ϣԮϻڴսȫŶ仢콣ڿʣʱȻӦһ䣺ԮΪڶ޹أعʡ
ʲôݺݻϡ
ɥʦɥѣ𵤰飬һȺС費òԶǧס
ʱϺаϵϳһ䣬ǵˡ
˵Ӳý˵ƭеһжΪӡʦ˽ף˵Ǿ䣺ף޶ͷϡ
˵ˣϲˣѲϲ
ô
ô
٣Ϊǻľʹ̲ס΢΢ͣԱӲԣһѷסţôˣ
ʦ塭һæ
ʲô
ӲףҪʲô
лû˵·ʲô˼ɲˣʲôɫɢɳƳϻ˭ڣ
鱱ãȻôˣ
Ҫ
ץסӣ̧ͷͨ˼󣺡ʦ壬Ҽ
*** ***
ҹЩ䣬ƾڸߴƺһСꡣ
ⲢӰ鱱£ͬȻԹջϸں߸Ժߡ
ߵ·һʹ
鱱ԻͷͼվڲԶֳַЦӯӯ
鱱㶣Ͻ񣺡ϡ
߶ʹЦЦӰ߳е¶æ
⻰鱱д˸ת
λ⣬ʲôæҪԽֱ
ſڣ֪Ҫʲô
ûʲô£վҪɻ飬˽һ»ʹȥġ
ˡ鱱һݣЦЦͬһϾ¹
һС£û˵꣬ӱִ̧鱱ͷ鱱˲ãԭأӺƿڣͷˡ
˵ţ鱱䣬ûһ͵һ䣬Ű鱱˽ȥ
ʲôʲôǣЦЦš
鱱䵽ϣƬ̣ܶ
Լһܱߡ
һͨĿͷм˸磬ƻͨԱŴգܱ߶˽磬棬ߣ졣
վȥѰҳ·Ȼһ
תͷ֮ϳһӰøݣͷڣ֪ôķݣм䡣
ݣѹǵض鱱ܿƣͨһ¾͹ȥ
ǿ߶ߵľ鱱ԪӤϣƾѹֵزҪ񡭡ٶɽ٣Ҫɽٲ
ɽڵǿߣ⵱мˣ
鱱ڵϣ亹乡
Է
鱱ǰ
鱱һ仰˵üΪѣ֮󣬲ſʼӦ̶ֳȵѹ
Էû˵ƺʲô
鱱Ҳҳڵƴ˼ŶԷ⡣
ཀྵ֮䣬һֻɫ磬ɶͣ鱱ǰ
ϻеķ
Է鱱ЩԷͼڣǡ
ÿӶʹô
鱱ҳŵҪѡ
ֻûڣԷ棺Щ֪ѣһֱ񡣡
⻰鱱ɫֲһ䣺ֻ֪һ£˺ϻˡ
鱱û˵ҧɫתƺʧȥģƽڣ˵
һ˲ѹͷ£鱱о·ǧѹڲ֧ŲסһģϽֳסӣйٹ
⻰˳Ĭ鱱Ŭ΢ҵĺ
˺þãԷ¿ڣϲŭ
꼸ꣿ
ʮࡣ
ںϻ˶ã
ӳ񡣡
뿪
δ˵
Ԫ꣬
֪
ʲôв֪
ʱΡ
ʱصĺϻ
ϻΧǰ¡
꣬ʮһ¡
Էȷڡ
鱱ɲЩϢҪ׶ԷЩʲô
Է૳ʱ󣬱㰲ȥ
Ԫ꣬
ʮѮ֮ƣӡr顣
ʮһ£صϻ
ʮһУϻһ£Ԯ
ڿһٴοڣǺϻĶ
ǡ
ΪУ
鱱һش𣬶ԷĬ϶ΪС
λǰ鱱Щ׶Էǳʲô̧ͷΪƵȷΪҼУҼѾ޷ٿƣǽ⿪r⣬Ͳضˡ
Ϊ޷ٿأ
Ϊ鱱һѪͲԼˡѪѪԼģ̸ٿأ
ѪЩΪβԼģ
ϻ걻ħΧһս鱱ƹˤ˵Щѣ𵤰飬ϣϰ־綾Ϊ˱ֻȥѪ»ѪʮһΣꡣ񡭡ͷѪϣûһѪԼġ
ԣˣƣղˡ
ǡ
鱱ۿ΢죺Ҽ꣬׿ڽһ;ǰǵĽ֮һһսĽʮ޲ϣڳӶղסΪޣ˵ûʲôģҺüںԺýһֱڶ
أ
ڣ㲻սҲһЩ
Ѫ鱱ѹʶȻҲʶá
ʶһˡ
ο
л۾
ꡭƣ콣Ԯ
ǰ˵Ц鱱Цϻ콣ڷ׷ǹʣΪλְæ˷Ͷ·ϻҲóȻ콣ڡ
׷ǹʡ
⻰л̲סЦ
óף˫޽ŵֻǡ׷ǹʣ
鱱˵Щ֪ʧԣڵϣһߵڵϣǰҼѾûʲôϵǰΪŗ֣ŹҼ
˲˵
þãųҲΪr
鱱̧ͷͿվ߳ȥΪ
˵ţʱһ˳ȥ
һ鱱ڿ壬˾ȻֱӴǽ˳ȥ
壡
鱱ڷӦǸģǱˣԷֻ˸壬ѹǿˣ
ֹǶɽ٣ѽӽɽٴԲе
϶ɽٴԲмˣ
ѵֻλ
鱱㶿ŶԷ뿪ĵطԺиֳһ֡
Ͼлš
鱱ҹ֮£ؼǵá
ԷڣÿһֶƮ뷿Уֱ鱱Ժ
鱱˲һգֱӵԱߡ
߳䣬վڳ֮ϡ
ԱӼϽӭ
˸Ͻȥɣ֮׳£壬û֮ѹƣҲʧ
һҪȥ
лܵͣתųǰ
㶣׷ȥҪ˭ɽ£ȥôԶ
лŲֱǰӳ嵽ǰ̧÷ǰ㵽ʲôˣ
ʦ壬鱱ͷ֮ҡ
лûȰ棬ͷ߳ȡ
С꣬֪ܵͣ˵ԼǱˡ
ȻȻţҡ
ܵҪ


19 һ
״̬, ޷߳콣ڡ
Ҫǣ߳Ժ䣬Ҳ֪Ϊʲô, һ˲·ʧȥ, л˪, ҹɽ˰ûĺԺ
ĺԺеƻͨ, УߵſڣͿԼ¡
ŮΧƯ, Լžת˼ȦƺҲ⡣
һЦЦ֣þòŷ
Ͼл
ϵһ𿴹
λվеĵ, ҲԼͬܵһĪѹ֣׷׳Ĭ
л˪Ҳһ㶣㡭ô⣿
л˪, Ȼʲô¡
Ī֮±ˣ
Ϊ͸л˪һ̨, Ƿޣл˪, ˵Ӧòʲôӡ
л˪ʲô
˼תóȻڡ
лŲ˵, ֻǾŴżµĻ
ǵ޸ʱ, µģ
ʱڵĳ࣬ûô, ҲûôƯ, һ˫峺۾, װ˶ʮлš
ԼɵĻ飬ļһһԼƣԶûнӾǵƿͷһ˲ȴԾɸܵһϢ
лŵĳĬûмΣһ⣬СԸȻطɡ
Ҷ֪ԣûгСɢȥ
ܱ߶ˣſл˪һȷһѯʣ㡭ôˣҪҪȽꡣ
û
лͻȻڣףɻʣ˭û
ҵǸˡ
лſɳƣҵö꣬Ϊˣš
ţӦ˵ӦξĹλħŮӡ
ȻЩĪΪл˪⹷ƢҲûʲôѣΪ󷢴ȱָָУֲѹҪȽģ
ûҡܻĻֻ·йʲôЩ꣬úܲãһֱûҡ
ˣⲻ
ǸȰŶԷһθ飬пʼнҲ̫ǿ󡣶ҲδضϲܾŲģ֪ţ侲侲˵ͷ֣¶أ
Ϊʲô
лŶŻ
Ӧ죬ǸŮӵõ̬룬ĦţҲ˵á㲻ϲҲûãҲµ밡û㣬ˣôҲ÷£ԴҶá
˵ϲһӡ
лִſڡ
ʧЦ˭û˵ɵֻ̫ϣҲ˵˵֮ˡ
⻰˵ͻȻЩڲ̣ŶԷϢ𷢲ȭͷһСǸҪȥʦһ£
лᣬȥЩƮʲô
ٶ꣬һܸмϲˣĽԲЦӦ֪ôԼȥϲһ˵ġ
⻰л̲סЦˡ
ЦûЩĪ飬һ֮ʱ򣬴֣ǰ̣ҲǺ¡
֡ૣ̧ͷֱֱŻ
ƭҡ
лûЩ£ϣôƭ

͵̧ͷлŶ۾þļ䣬ϼ򡣡
㡭
Щ˵û뵽л˪Ȼû
ûЩʲô
Ǻϻ㣬꣬ӡr顣
ƺһ
Էܲˣټ죬ڣεǺϻֻᣬлŴѧᣬþꡣ
ýҲǡ
˵ϲһˣϲΪϲǸˣǲǾǡ
лһ٣þãſڣлţ
û˵𾪿ŶԷȳԷ˵ʲô侲ɫƽ
룬γôʦͳ֣
лŶǲǣ
֪л˪϶֤Ѿ޿ɵ̹Ȼϣǡ
̧ͷſҹ꣺ҵϲǸˣȷʦлšǰʦϲңĻ䣬뿪Ѿȥ꣬Թ壬ҲٶǷǡ
ȻлţӦûаѴ¸֪лš
ţƴ˼ȡ
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覣߻ħѵ÷
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΢Ž֡
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ڶԷ߳, Щ֡
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лŲԣƽ
Ƭ̣߻ط䣬һͿȡӣϾƣ˵ǰҪȺƵġ
˵ţѾƱݸ㶣ͷӦŶá
Ӧ˾Ʊ֣ɴл֣ͷһߴϽȥɣҶˡ
лźƣͷžƱƬ̺ͷֽƱ棬᣺ˡ
ûгɣ߳⡣
һ˲䣬͸ŷ죬ſͥԺվˣֻüҴɨһۣͿŸֺϡ
лŹغţƽתͥԺĳͺϻˣϲ
ҹ紵š
Ƭ̺лڿڣˣȥ棬µ£̸֮
ŹƬ̣Ҳо
ֲһڣϽԼϷںصļ£ʼѹõϵĶ
¶ˣ
϶Ǳ¶ˣ
лǡһŵǧ𡱵ĹƢԲŹ
ǻǷ
ٶ꣬Ҫծˡ
Ҫƽʱˣ´ǶҪлŲϣ˵ûͻᱻ֡
ߣߣǶ취ɾ
ҹܣʱ
жúܿ죬Ƭ̾ʰ·ҪĶΪ˷ֹлŵΪ伫Ѱһ⡣
ץֽʣʶд顱֣û֣ʶ
дǷݻֲд֣ôϣ
һ֣Ҵд£
飺
ǰˣԹлŶ޹ϸѰ
дһ䣬ԥƬ̣ǿƲסзŭּһ䡪
У
л˪ֻ߹
лŵ߹


21 
д֮, ֽһѹܵϣֽ̧һӡڽϡ
ûƬ, Ϣڳһ, ˴, 漴⾹ȻǸиߵͲĸ¥
ͨ, 䵽澹Ȼ¥ߡ
·һƬ֣һԶȷһ·ߣ漴һϤ˼־
һ, ͷȥŷ־Ȼվ棡
ĿԣƬ̺ȷӦ, ִߴ٣ҽ
һʱ, Ȼû, ôǸʿô߶ȺѶȡ
ĵĻ, ֪ٱ, ԥһԾ, ץľԱ˽ȥСߡ
ĸ, Ĵ, Ѿ֪ͼ, ￪ڣҪӻ飿
ϻһۣɶˣһӣ
һ㶣ЩãȻϾΪǷλߣкβã
콣ڵĿģһһλ˫޵޸𵤣Ϊ콣ڽƽơ
лŹȥĺࣿ
ʵһҭڷܣ̫ˡ
⻰ˣƬ̺Ц粻ͣҾ¶࣬Ŷչˡ
˵͵ģ˵תͷ
ĸϽҡͷϣǣֻ
԰Ķ
ͣ²ӣ˿ܱߣЩãȻ
ĸϽָ·Ƕ
˷ק԰ܣһһ治Ȱ˵Ҫ㲻˵͵ģͿлĻúݺݱķϣܳȥұ֤ҳžܵӰ٣Բ㡣
Ĳ˵Ż֣Ƭ̣º͵Ҫܣ
ΪڿЦ𣿡
ǣϾǱ֧𣿡
ȥˣ˵ļƻҪһӣǾôʱ䣬ȳ콣ڣҴ䷨ʱһ꣬Ϻߣ֤Ҳš
ĵͷ˼
ںŷ֣Լ¶ԼлźϤ飬ûʣֻһסʱ˽ǲôߡ
ЩãȻ͸оܱ߳ͻȻٱ䶯ӦԼѾ԰
Ҫÿ졣
㶣ʶ콣ʹ÷㲻ᱻ𣿡
ģڵӣĽͣᱻעġ
Ŷ
ͷҲ˵Ͻ԰ӦԼ˹ȥ
Ҫܣ;Ҫĵ޴һǽʿʹãֱάϵ˸ǲʹô;ᡣ
;òˣҲͨʿһһ·ʹ÷зǱҪϵġ
Ƭ̣㿴
ֻƽݵİ׻ﲻ֪˭ιһ̳ϲƣ˿Ѿڵϣòʡ£֪ʲôΣ΢צӻʱʱ鴤һ¡

һ鱱ɵģֻι޺Ⱦƣ
ƵٻıСᱳɽˡ
Ҳüͷô죿
ҽԡǰĻСףѣСף
׻ԺѣһۻΪֻצӴԼԴһװ˯˹ȥ
ӣһʱѲˡ
վЩǣ룬Ҫֱɽ
ⲻУҡͷҪˣѲ˸ϵˣѾ御Ҳ㡣
ô죿
۵ǣ룬̧СѾҩҧ쵽£𾪵У˿
Ѿҩûһˡ
һֻ˳ϵëҧڣߣ
⻰Żѹס𾪵˵ͷãɽ
˵ţıץס֣Աߡ
ɽӱǣ֪ǰȥԱȴͻȻʦܣʦܡ
ԣλɽʶתӳƬ̣ıǰֵ㽫ڵء
㶣ȫûΪҪǡ
ɻţĿڣҿˡ
˵ţһɵԲǰֽ̧ԲһͣԲ뽣֮Уâɢȥ漴¡¡򿪣̳ŽһԾ˳ȥ
ԾҲ˹
ģ˼Ǹ⣬͵ɣϽ뿪ҳϹϵ
ɽѾˣҡͷ㵽ɡ
⻰ûƬ̣ʱһץסߣ
*** ***
һʱ콣ڸͺϻ˶ڳſڣɫ쿴л档
վһߣսսιӣſлвˡ
ãдлƬɴ࣬ȵȷ֣к֮͡档
һˮһӣ㽫һڵĴлŽӣ˳㻹һ嵰
ϡ
ڣվ˳͵ϡϾ
͹ȥ겻Ҫ˯һʳ˯µҡ
л˵ţӲɾ֣ת콣ڸƽʦ壬߰ɡ
ܱˣɫƬ̣ת鱱һǿЦʹմ֮£ȴһϻһ𸴡
鱱һʱ֪˵Щʲôŵͷֵ롣
뻨֮£иġлһƽڣ鱱һ㶣Ϳлų΢΢ףдЩζͷҹ֪ͨϻԼĸˡ
ţ
⻰Ҫѵ⣬ȴֲ֪˵Щʲôźʡ
վһԣ̾˿סˣȥ̽󡣡
ö˵л˵ʲô֮ϽᲽ߳⡣
һ̽󣬸һݣϴţתͷ£
лƽ򵽵棬ӳĬߵԱλ£Ҳ˵
ⲽʲôëĿĵĻ飬㻹Ҫ콣ڻҪ𣿣
ӡ
r·ϼ죬㡭

л⻰˶ˡ
֣֮ӡr飬ͻȻŮлŶȥ磬ӿ˸š
лţƬ̺˼飺𣿡
ûС
ȷϣ
Աӿڣлת϶ȷ
ƾʲô
Ӳ⣺»ӡ
þļ䡣Ҳ鱱ˣȷϹ
ơ
ϻо綾һѪ޷ӦƣҲܵĽϡ
⻰˶˵
ǰϻĲңʤ֮󿪡콣ڽһΡ
콣ڵĽӽİˣһս֮Ľһʣлһˡ
콣ٻ˶齣һľ񣬶ϻ
һʱ˵лŹߵڵء
λʦ壬лƣţ֮磬꣬Ŷʢ֮ƽĽһдУ賤ţλ꣬ųɽɡ
ǡ
Ӣ÷ǣţȻѡȴģ֪ζʲô𣿡
лŶһƬ̺ڣ֪
ţӢ÷ѣһ£㸶ö࣬ö࣬ͻӦΪתΪ뿪ʦţҲ޹أҲδϲ
ס
лŴܵʲô
ΪΪԼл˵ÿ϶Ҷȥ
δĽ뿪֮£һŵĵķɽ̲סЧˡ
ȥɡ
ɽ˵꣬ͻȻ
һ㶣˿ӣͼƺͻȻȥ
δУǲܣһĽ˵Ҫ뿪֮磬ԡһɢޣڶܶʮޡ
˵ţվлţȷҪߣ
תɢޣл˫ֵڵ棬ʦͱޡ
á
Ӧǰ
̧֣λǰĴޱ䵽УޱעӵͷеıӣڣʱںѣħΨڱѩһʦռǰȥѩбءʮأ֮磬ͤ洫ʱ㣬ԸԸĽ˵Ը⡣
ɫƣ̧ۿʮ꣬ҵһμʹ㣬ԸԸĽ㻹˵Ը⡣
Ӳڡ
лſڣ΢΢ۣƬ̺ҧҧݺһ޳ȥ
лϳѪۣɫ΢⣬֤ڻϡ
лţҲ̲סΪ֮һ
ӷйһ㽫ӳϡ
ڣΪ˭㵱лţĽ𣿣
ʦûн̹Ҫ飿ûн̹Ҫһûн̹Ϊ󰮣ʲôʲô
Ѷϣ
Ӻۣһһ޳ȥĲᣡ
Υʦ
֪
һһ޳ȥл۵΢΢Ա߰÷ӢȥϽʦ֣ˣ
ԱɽҲ̲סǰסڣţ˵ûɣǵɽ𣿣
ȻлûȰֻߵףʦͱޡ
ﱻһƿܱˣһһ޳лϣߣ߰ɣʦˣĴ󹦳Ҳû˹ܵˣߣǾߣ
ĩˣʮ޴ꡣ
лŻڵϣȴǾƣһ
סӿŵϹŵ̫꣬˶ţ޲£ɽӦңתһ£ٲܶһ֪
ǡ
˷ȥĽҲȥ׷rһ£Ծɽ졣

˵꣬Ĭãɳƿڣȥɣǰ͸ȥˡǱߣȥ͡
лʦ塣
лŹվ
÷ӢϽǰסлŵͽ󽹼ڣţϢ֮󡭡
лҡҡͷڵңһ··
˵ţת⣬ӵͷɳƿڣš
лŶסŲӵԸ㲻콣ڣʲôʱ򶼿Ի
лվſڣþãףá
˵䣬߳⡣
ŲЩ鸡Ա߰÷ӢţǣŶ٣ܶʮޣ¶һ£Ƕܹ𣿡
÷Ӣƣȥɡ
˵ţ̧ͷл˺۵ıӰˡ
뿪̽лȥԼԭڵڶķ䡣
˿ֹѪԡĺ£֣شǶĽڡ
žӣϸϸιɫĺ磬¶忡ݡ
һ׼л߳ţл˪һλվǰڣʦ𡣡
лŵ˵ͷлࡣ
Ϊʦǣǵӱ֡
л˪˵ţлǰ
һ·ŵƽʣ涼Ǳ֣лû߽ͥԺ
һͥԺкϻȫ
лţȷӦǰлǰϾ˯ˣҪ
лŶһ٣̧ۿϣ΢΢лƽÿ
ҡԸģ˵κ˴š
лû˵ƽϣϺƬ̣վлл˪ƽȿڣʹͷ·
⻰һл˪ԥ˿
лǰߵſڣͣƬֻ̧̣š
һƿӶ򿪵Ĵӭ洵ڷµĴڷ裬ﶫ˸öᣬֻһ͸Ĵл档
ϻ˲䡰ৡ͹
ϽſڣϡϾЩƣȥ͸鱱Ѿȥˣ
䣬ʹһ󼱴ٵĽŲ
Ͼˣ
ȻææͥԺлŻͷͿȻǰŴţɽ˵ʱǰͬʦһˣ
ȫһƬĬ˲侪һ亹
紵лһϲڷҡ
ƽŽȻֻʣһλʦ֣
Ȼŷ˵ڵϣͷѳڶ塭ġ


22 
⻰˵, ˶Щ¡ҶãҹķЩˡ
лվԭؾĬţԼ
֪Լǰʧ̬
Ҳ֪ߡ
ȻҲĴ, ߳ǰ, ŵ˵Ǿ䡰ҵʱ, Ҳϣƭ, ʵ֪Ǵ뿪ġ
û뵽ǣͬһߡ
ֻദնѡ
ϲģ
ôϲ
Ժһ˲両˼΢΢, Լ侲
Ƭ̺󣬲źʲôûһ㣬ƽԸȻȥĵĻơ
Ȼһ, ϽӦǡ
ϣ֪ͨ鱱л˵, תͷ, ׼öɽ, ֱӳȥ
ǡǡ
һҵ
˵ţлһ̧, һѹ⽣Ʒ, һֱȥ
ʱС׸ıУͻȻоʲô궯, ò, ֻû, ıһƻͷ
һģͿһ׷ӡֻֽƬקһ·ǰתһ
קһԾ䵽ϣ̧һǰ
Ƭ̣һѹ⽣ǽ·ɴܶסͿ⽣׷׷ӡ۹ȥ
ȹ⽣뿪ɲģʲô
콣׷ӡ
üͷ˵ز˾Ͻߡ
˵ţһԾ£ԥתͷһ뿪ܡ
֪лŴ˿˲ʹֻһ·Уͼĳ
һԽԽԽ٣Щܲˡ
һסģϢųȡȵȣ
ôˣ
üͷ׻˦ϣһֵܲˣˡ
ǡ
ʿˮָһ򣬡ǷͷܣץһץһǱܣϢһ¡
Уüôܶأ
תͷָԱ˦Դѹİ׻С̫ˣҪͷҿϡ
û˵ԥӣЩɻ󣺡
ĿѣЩãСףվԭز
գգۣῸɣ
˵ţԼ˵ֻ
ʶ˻Ƿڱ塣
ֻһ˲ǾǶ֮ˡ
⻰ºЦЦʲôʱģ
ôҲ콣ںĵӣҲദôΪұʦţ˽Էɽ˽һ·ϣǸʿҲҪҿһСףƽȴʱŲʡּ󣬳˶ᣬʲôܣ
⻰ǰġЦȻ֪ߣ
æ𣿡һ۲ԶѾγɵ󷨣ǵѣô˳뿪콣ڣ
Һ㣿
֪֮ʲô𣿡
ͻȻʣġɫ䣬Ӱ˲ڻǰϺᣬŻһƣ
׼ʱ㼲룬Ϸӡɿ仯ʮаȣ飬޿
ɲǣһϣ˲ʧУһһƽʽģɫһݣӦͱֱϻ
𣬻䵽׻ϣģ̾˿ѣȻҿСֿҿɲӡлһ·æ󣬺úܰɡ
˵꣬˰֣Ű׻תͷȥ
վڷ֮УƣҲʼá
ԶȥĻ̾˿ΪΣ㲻ԡһǵá
˵ţ̧һ˦ʮֽƬ˴ӷƮ䵽ʱ㻯һ߾ʬ壬Ż׷ȥ
ĴЦ
ĶΪ⡣
Ȼ֪϶кУû뵽˲ͨڿʬ֮׹ڵֽˣ
׹ڵֽҪʩߵ֧ţֻҪʩ߲ٿطΧữΪֽ
סģЩֽʬûãҲģŰ׻֣ĴЩ˹ֽʬ
ЩֽӲãԭƼȦ·˦ǣ˼ΣЩֽʬܾ׼ҵλá
Щ֣ɻ󵽵ΪʲôͻȻʶԣͷһԼǬһֱںŹ⡣
âȻ΢ЩֽĶԹвֽʬԼֱҹҲѣ
ɴŰ׻ǬĴȡһлŵ֣ԥ˹ȥԱһͶֽʬͻϮ
ưƬ̣ͷһл˪
֣˲֮ǰһС
ΪʲôԼѣ
ΪʲôԼúõĻᱻ飿
ΪʲôԼֻһչٻڴ˿һͿأ
Ϊֻ߹
˿Ӱ֣Ѫͷӿȥ̧һƺ俪һֻֽʬֱŭл˪㾹ȻҸҴ˵ɵĽ¶𣿣Ұ㵱ѣôң
ҶҺлŽˣ㻹Ҫң㲻ң㶼һŵ𣿣
ںˣҡ

лŵ侲Ǳ߶Ƿ
ĿܱˣΣա
⻰ԭأлԵĵ
лš𾪣֮ƤǱ˪ĥǧ޼᲻ʦֶĻ飬ͽܵĴƣ㻹Ҫ𣿣
лųĬƬ̺Ӧ㲻Ҵ
ʲôҪһҪ
ġ
Ķỹ˵ŭȣΣգҸΣվ㣡ٸҴˣٴҾˣ
˵ֱ꣬ӰѴһӣڰ׻ϵҽһ߷һֽʬԾɲǣһֻǱֽʬ͵һˣ⧲Աֽʬ͵ѹµ棬һҧ˹
ڰ׻ʱϵҧסֽʬ󾱣ݺ˦ѸͬЩ룬һһŷֽ˦ɳȥ
ղͬĽ֣Ѿ˴飬˿̺ЩôãѾ˵ס
ֻҪǰʮɾͳĿƷΧЩֽʬʧЧֻҪǰʮɣ
ֻЩֽʬҲ֪Ĵ㣬·þȫø⽹ͣסȥ·һһ߳
ǸޣýսЩֽʬһһһʱƵЩǱ
ɶŲЩֽʬԽʧЧĽ޾ԽԶ
룬ж·һץ飬ǰ͵һ䣬ֽʬֱӿտᲽ۶ȥۿŵ˱߽磬һִֻץ̧ƣԷһƣ
ӣըоʲô˲Ŀڣ㱻һ俪
ҲƬ̣һֻͻأ䣬ֹסȥơ
Ǽǵ㣬Ǳѩ÷̧ͷͼ½ڣ忡ء
һԣ֦Ϊֱӳȥ
Ľ죬죬һһʽȴ˿쳣У֪ȴ޿ɱܡ
֮䣬ֽʬ㶨ԭأѪҺֽʬһѪɫֽˣƮȻ䡣
֦֦һȾѪҶӳˣһ˫ûаĪһֱֱ䵽ĺ
纮޶
Ƭ̣漴ԥתܣ
ܡ
лŵںҸš
ס
һɽڸ棬ʲôܣ
վԭأһԼ侲Żͷ˹ȥ
лվԭأƽ
ĿԣлŵĿƽһˡ
һĪȥ꼫һ㡣
ȻѾҪһƽԼѾһ̲ˮ
ԶƬ̣ڿڣ㵽
ˣлŷ·ʲô¶ûһ㣬һȥٸһ롣
ƭģüͷҲ棬Ҿܡ
֪ûϵ
лǰ֣Ľ
˳Ž߽ȥ˲Ȫ룬չеĺһһ縧ƽʵ̾Ϣ
ֱ컺
ѾƭҺܶΣԺƭҶٴζԡֻҪԸƭƭһӣҶ⡣
˵ţ̧ͷɫϲŭ
ѣǽհãȺˡ


23 
㡭
Щף, Ɑƣ
˺ƣɡ
⻰ȷ, лӻˡ
ڵ꣬, ǵףûȺƵġ
Žҿĸͷ㶿á
̲סЦô, ǲǾҺܺÿϲң
ϲһ, Ǹ
˵, Ϊ, ȻϲΪȢң
Ҽ˷֮ʵ˵üѣ㵱㸺𡣡
һʣû뵽ôʵϣ˳ĬƬ̺, վ, ȺȺư, ˣɡ
Ȼ˵, Ӿ͸˹, ˵֮, ȥ
, ֻһ䣺ҵҡ
һ뿪, ٶȿûɣŹġ
һϲϲƣ˾ˣʵ¶ҲҪ
лô棬һ
̲ס̽ſڣǸлţɽûʲô¶ɣ
类ӣ
лŶһ٣ûشĻſƺ˵֣ת˻⣺ʦѾȥȹȥ
ɽ١
rа
лѣ⻰ûȻ̧ͷһʱʲôˣȳr飿
ţлŵͷʱγrаѾ壬ȥ취
⻰ûɲ
ȷһƣûrϢġ
rϢֻǡԼġ
лû
лų⣬Ǹղһơæ
˼תŷűлŴֱɨһл䡣
ûйҽֻŴƣһһ
һޣȴû佣
նɽ٣ǡ
˼תлżתͷԱһֱװԼڵİ׻С׿սս˳
С㡣
лŷԸ
ĻŻ˵ԼôĻͿС˲һ̴ֻСڵϰͰͿлš
һ㶣лǰСױһӤһһֻؿڣתͷǹȥЩ
𾪿СףСצסлŻһͷ
ռˡ
лŵƬ̣Ż룬лżȻ̽״вѾ
ȥҲǲԡ
øлŵ׳ʲô⣬Ľôˡ
һ㣬󷽷ߵлǰץסл½ǣ߰ɡ
лſһŵ½ǣͼ֣תȥ𣬱ȥ
ֺܽһӣǱϵС
л߽һҿջɵЩ棺Ļţ
δ𡣡
ƣˣÿ콣ڵӶͷѪһյƣɢǰľͻᴫţ׷ɱ
ҲΪԭԶԷѡᡣ
ɶ˵ᣬɱѵöࡣ
δĨһɽڵ׷ӡ᣿
š
Ȼûҵλãҵҵģ

лѣл֮󣬲żʱ֡
һȭͷ֪Ū𣿡
ᡣ
лȷüôģ
ҷ˫˶ᵽ
һ㶣󼱵Ǹղš
һƣˡ
лſͷһЩţǣ
Ҳ֪rа񡣡
лųʵش𣬻Щͷǡ
˵ţ߽ԺлƺѾǰ֪λãֱӴһ䡣
֮󣬾ͿΧԱߡ
лһ˷׷·ſ崲ϵģ룬Աһͭ裬ڴߣָкѪ˳£䵽ͭ赱С
鱱һߣɫʩ룬ȰγһһѪŻָѪڲżʺ֮ɫ
ˡ
鱱룬λÿתԱӣϣգӦ޴󰭡
˵ţע⵽Ա߻
Ȼ˵
˸ס鱱ߵߣġ
Ժۣɫ㱣
תͷŻдЩãȻƺȫʶˡ
ģߵһԣ۵ǿģ»ðɣ
ϣ
ɳƿڣлŴһԵһˮ˵ǰĿлţƬ̺𾪳ϡϾ
ĵķӦڼ䣬һ㶼ûС
ԽˣֱѯʣǼ³
³
ãȻӦɻ󣺡ǡ
Ա鱱һۣ³պǽ졣
ҲǴһʼģǸٵġ
ڣ
ѯ鱱Ҳܻˣ鱱ҡͷڿʬӰӣַڸö֤࣬갲ȣڴ˻Ͽ塣
ͬ⣬ڲ˺Ҫ壬ⲻ¡
˼ţ鱱ͷӦʶΪǿǿѹ꣬Ȼùͬʬ壬֮Կʬݡ
ֽƬˣ鱱˵ţ̲סЦ׷鲻ˡ
ҲģȻķϾȥܲġ
⻰һ˶
ʶһģıЩãȻ
룬̧ۿţƲһ̸
д⣬ͷá
˵ţתͷͬһ߳ȥлᲽϣתͷȥţȴߵ£ҲúϢ£˵
лŲ΢٣Ƭ̺ͷš
лӦӲתͬһ߳С
Ѱһͷһ£Ը˲裬кŻ
ǰ裬ճף콣ڵĲǣֻ·ͻȻҲûܷӦ¡
أ
̧ۿӣǷӦˣô죿
ÿӺ˿ڲ裬ô죿
лס
ֱ롣
һϣã콣Ӧͳһսߡ
̾˿ס£
Ĭ̾˿ȷǱᣬĺͳŵǰ콣ڴԼûеڶԸͬҲǿƵӣ콣ΨһѡгţͿ򲻴Żȥ
Ҳأ
Ʒӡr飬콣ڸм˵ţóһݾᣬǺϻʱ񵥣콣ԸԱмպϻҪԸЭ
û˵
Ҫֻһ˻ȥ𽹬ֹ콣ڻ
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Ҵȥأ
档
ԣ˵ͷջأһмƻվɣr֮£֮볤ãűм϶һȥӳŻȻвƲΪƸ͵ϻ
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ʮݾ񵥾һ£ԼΪϻٹеĶһݾᶼд
ʮݡ
лöǮ
ҪôǮϻӲÿĵҩˮһƷһ
ûбǮԻ󣬸ϽѹҴлŻȥԺϻʵΪ棬콣ڻôǮǲʲô⣿
Ų豭һ
üͷֱ׷ص㣺һ٣ôƻ飿˿ȥ̫ӡĽôŰңʲôͼı
ӱʵһǿЦЦĶˡ
ϣ˵棬¹شҪлŵ׳ʲô⣿
ӳĬþúڣг˵⣬ִ
⻰
лŵĽ϶⡣
˼Ƭ̣׷ʣʲôִʲô̶ȣĽεó𣿡
ἰĽɫ༸֣ҿȷŲ˺ͺϻڡУ̫࣬ǲס
ԣȷʵ̫Щ
Ų裬̧ۿһϾᣬ룬ڣϲң
Ӧǡ
¶̸ҲǷծ
䣬ӼڣҲ֮Գų̫󡣡
ͣӿŻ񳤼ŵ˭ҲҶ϶
롣
лŶ϶ִϾǰǶԼܵǴ𣬻ǶΣΪִ֮С
Ϊִ޷ĽҲ⣬콣ڼ޸ľԸ⽫ŵ
Ȩףһָл׶һʿںϻͣפһꡣ
⻰ɫ΢䡣
Ÿɴּۻ۵Ļ˰죬ŵһѾ㹻غϻˡ
ҵЦ峿ϻ̣õӽҹ峿ͿɳҪòףͰ⳥Ҵϣһ취
ңһ㣬̧棬ƽ͵ĵطħΪr飬һлţ
û˵˸񣺡ǡ
˵ţ߳⣬һţͿϻվԺһȺˣһһȺȣץң
ˣӲЦݣǹԸġϾ飬ˣô¶ĶԸȫϾرȫŻ¡
⻰־ǡ
ŵñͷǵӣҲ֡
Է⹬˭ҲҲ
һϵԴֻǰʲôʱܳϢЩ
ϲ˵ҿ˿Լﲻڣ棺Сأ
Ͼˡ
鱱ڻش
лŵţüͷôϱﲻţԼϲԼ
ӣҲüƽϣֻðɣȥϢվͻҲȥ˯ˡ
鱱ûţԼȥͬ콣һ𣿡
ҪôǮȥҪô˻ȥƣ֣峿֪ˡ
˵ţŹǷ̴·߰ɣطҵ˯һ
ӦŻ뿪
̴ӺͥԺУŽһУɵЩЦ
ûԼȻҪлٵһηޡ
лžǱӣˣ͸÷˰ɣ
ʱΪħõҲ˫Ӯ
˵᲻һٸʿأ
˼ţߵţ̴ӹ񣬱˿ȥ
ƿţŹǷ߽УԾͿʼ·
ָշŵϣʶòԣ̧һͼ°ۣ˫ֽӡǰ
ǰȼѬ㰸ǻŽɽǧͼ磬С׻ģԹԹԱߣ۰ͰͿŻ
ŵ˹һ˵ǰ㡭ô
лûۣƽͬˡ峿ӻᵽ򡣡
ô죿Щ𾪣Ƕٿһµ𣿣
Ķ֮£ŭӲʣҪȥҵ֣ϳͲ
콣ڻ¶֪ȫôŽĻټ
лŵƽȣתͷһСף̽߹ȥССף˼ֻɣСʲô
ϴ衣
⻰ڣСʹࡰءһ
һʱԣС׵ȷϲϴ衣
ŮźˮҲůůˣ˯ɡ
лżȡr֮˱ضڰţպΪҹ
㲻ۣν
ʼ磬лɫ
Ҳûʲô˵Сȥ˾ҡ
ˮãС׿ˮءһ˳ȥ
ƲƲ죬·ԡϴ֮󣬱˴ϡ
ϱůůġ
죬˵㴺䣬Ҳҹﶳѡ
֪ô֪£ڸղ̽״ʱԤϵ
תĿȥϣ걳ӰͦƳɽ
Ǹ걳ӰĪʱûʲôͬ
ǵǴһ꣬һȴһţһ磬Ĭ档
Ƭ̣̲סڣлţ㵽ִʲô
лųĬԣıӰȰ˵ţǾöΣʵҲõģûֹ㡣֪ѣ˵ʵ룬ʱΪšڲˣҲĿ㡣
Ȼģѹģǣδ˹ֹԹġ
ҪĹȥһҪ벹ңʵҺõ¾ͺã
˵ȰָɸӺҳɻ飬İл˪ȻҲУԽԽﶼЦٶЩʯɵ콣ڵӸңҾ͸ˡ
лΣڿڣﻹ𣿡
⻰ѻһͣûУҸղ˵ʲôҿԽ͡ҷҶûʲôͼıҵꡭ
ȻûУлŴġл˪Ȼкβͬأ
һ㶣л⴫
Ϊ˽ԿɣлŲɣ


24 
һ޹, νӲؿ
⻰ʵûЩ¡
Ϊ˿ԣԣ
룬Ϊ, ˶˹ġ
ȻлҪһЩӦĻҲͲ˵ڡ
Ȱסл, ҲȰ۾ñӣֱ˯
ȵڶԼˮ, Ժѹ۾ͿڵıӰ, ŵáৡֱ
ˣ
л洫, ˻, ų硭簡
ϡ
лվˣɡ
˵ţŷ֮֨ӿϴŮƵźŻ
лű֪Լȥ򣺡ȥ, ͬʦ𡣡
Ŷ
ͷ, лűᲽ߳ȥ
ϴһ, ͬ˳ȥ
ϻ콣ڶѾ׼ã콣һλѾλ, Ů, һ¸, һɺȻ
, ӹ񣺡ʦĸ
ƺ, һ
ȻҲСܸɵʦֵģȷ޼
εͷ鱱·ۡ
˴λڶ࣬콣ڱֱӸһۡ
ⶫٶȼ죬Ψһȱ㣬ǷǮ
ʯתǮǮϻòⶫġ
콣ҪãȻ⡣
鱱˿Ͳգ򿪴ͿӺл˳
һ·ȻϲԾǼΪϲĺɫ컨ûʲô鿴ˣ°ȻһĿ⾹ЩƲˡ
˵лŵȷƽˡ
ٶȥټǻᱻ
ٲЩѵǴһ𣬱һɽˮīһĵ
ޣ˼ֲƽսʱ纮ʣ˲ҽϺâ䷲ļҹӳΣԽ׽
һֱںлʲôлƵƵͷʮġ
Ŀϣлƺ֪ңң̧ۣĿһžԼʲôϽŲȥԱߡ
ôһһ㣬µ顣
һ·лۣ˷ǰ߶
һٵĺͳºڣǵڵĵطҪעм䡣ԼҸ㱸ٿ裬ŰԪڰ㲻Ҫ鷳óҩóԡ
·ұһףʲôɫУ㵽˺ϻ촩ۣǵôЩÿġ
С
ȿȡ
˵û̲꣬סԳתͷִڴߣЦӣϣͣϾ¾ҪҪȵˡ
ӵûԥſһлţлŴվԭأûа㲻
Ҳ֪г̵󲻵ã룬ߵǰ
ѻŻˣϽȥӣϣл˵
̾˿󣬡Ǽҳһ޵¶֪ô˺ϻͷչ˵
ס
ӵ֣Ͻͷ
ĸŵǿҪģ
֪ӲģŵİɣҼȻȥһúչ
һٵӡ
Ҳģ֣سŵҾͽһ꣬һһͻȻҪκ⣬һѳ˸¡
⻰ɫ˱䡣
ЩҪڣһ뵽Щ𵤵аͲס˷ܺͼҧҧڻǵͷǾͰˡţ˵ţתͷסлŵ֣ãڿڣڵӣˡ
˵꣬˦֣תͷ뿪ȥ
лż뿪תԸվŵĽȻ߰ɡ
ǡ
ȻӦϽȥ¡
ʶ˴νȻȻҲˡ
ɵЩ棬תͷлţ𣿡
лŶһ٣Ƭ̺
ͷˡ
Ȼ˵ȻǵմӣСֲٰµλã˵Ŷԡ
룬ɵЩģƻðɣ
šлŵͷͦõġ
лǿͲ
һ㶣ܾ⻰л
ȻлûͣߵԱϣ°ȥ㿪ʼ
ʱƼ죬°Ϳ澰ɫ澰ɫҲÿ룬ɴҲ붨
ûн𵤣붨ֻǶʶЩȹ
лƺĶۣƬ̺ƽȿڣ
Щ⣬ۣͿлϣƽ
ԣȻҪʲôϡ
лŴţԸ°ɡ
ԣлŶ棬ЩЦʲô۵
ָҡ
л֣ԣԼҪʲô
ĪЩţȴȥ
лַ̧ϣϸϸһȦ
˵Ƭ̺лڣĽ𵤣òˡ
š
֪Լһҩǿţˡ
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һһġЦòˣʲôҪ󣿡
⻰л̧ۣǲͬ
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лſڣһ١
˼룬лŵҿĽٶճճ֮忪̻Щۡ
忪ٶճճĵط취ȥû
һʩҪ󼫸ߣҪԷʮ־ȷĽͱȳҪ࣬һ˵¡
ϻµĶˣΨĸףȴҲڵɽٲɣܷɣɴ¡
ģȥ͵˽졣
˼Ƭ̣˵ͷл˫֣ס֡
Ƭ̺컺壬ͬСϪһһ
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ճճ֮ǲȫֻͨǱüΪխ
лŽĽһճճ֮
Ƶúܾ׼ûκβʣۣоʸС
Ѿܶûӯĸоˡ
лŲ֣࣬
ţ
ȹ뺣Ҫã
գޱ޼ʣ˵ЩЦҪҲ򣬵ҵһһˡ
û˵꣬л͵سճճĵطʹ˲䴫۵ûɫޱ䡣
л֣ƽѯʣһ
һˡЩһƮںϣƮ²ҵ·
أ
лѯʣ͵ͳ˰һοôÿĵطɽˮСš
ûô
ûУĮɳա
˵ţͻȻΪʲôһֱһ
֡
ǸҵĻԡ
⻰֮˼
˵ʲôڶξʹ漴
һʮճ֮󣬻ڰסһѪֱлżͷ
ͷϣ͵ʹϢ
лųƬ̣ſ֣ٶ
亹ɫ԰ףǺӸлҲʹ΢΢
ϣоŮϴȶȺϢ΢ƣһʮٶ֮
š
̡
޷
û˵ǰúܽ
ԼоĺƺЩңֲַǲĴ
Ҫ𵤵˫޵
ͷͻȻԺôһ˲оǰƺ쳣ȡ
ɽһҹȻԺԼǵҲ΢
ôһˣȴ̵Щ¡
ԼƺʲôʹЩѡ
ãʹɢҲ𽥻ָ
лţϢ̧ۣ㻹𣿡
лŶͷҲȫ亹ʱ侫׼ļɫҲЩ԰ף˵ͷš
˶·Ǵˮ̳ûƬ̺лųȥˮ
˵ţַ̧סվ
ɫκƽûа㲻ͬžеˮ侲
һл߳ңǷ׸Űֵģһ𣬲Ⱦ㳾
һʱЩĪԼۻͷ
лְѩһôղ뷨
ԾԲлţĬĬͷ
ˡ
лųϽͷ㰸Լȥ˾ҡ
лûڷдţ߳⣬ţʶýסֵĳ¡
ԥúڻվſڣһľ
·O@֮ˮŮΪʷ̾
΢
űߣãˡ


25 
Ż, лſ۾һסɫŽȥ
ͷ߳, תͷ˿ңϴ𣿡
š
лӦ
ž°ͣԼ, Ҫ˯ˡ
á
лŻ, ֱߡ
ͷ, ɵϡ
ůů, Լůһֱ棬һֻ, һЩˡ
ٶճ֮, һ, ĽͿȫͨ
ȻһЩۣҲǵʱһɲ, Ҳǲܡ
֮ǰûָܰѽͨ, ϾһԪӤʿ, 𵤾Ͳ, ָܰ޸
лš
̲סҷһۣŷлŵӣĥţԼǿԻָ𵤵Ѱˡ
лŲϲ֮¡
ǰǴŵ, ܾЩʿòȻ, 뾡취, 侲ܾ, һʼǾ⹷ʿװ, ֱĳˡ
ڶѹһӵһδ￴޴롣
ûа㻶ϲް飬ۣƣ˳ȥ
һ֪лǶ˼֮£˵Լۻ಻
֪лΪǷݡִԲʲôز
ҪлɣǾΪ˽𵤣лǶɽڵʿҲǲ̵ġ
лƺҲôίԼӦһЩ취
ھܾٺò
ججţڴϣ˯˹ȥ
лڱˮУԡرѪȾ졣
ƽȣ˫ʮѪ׸ԭվϰѪˮɾᲽ˳ȥ
·ûκ̤¹ⲽߣվԭأŴ˯Ůӡ
Ŀһһüۣ˺þãü΢壬جΡߣ̧һӫüģ㰲
ḩĴĶ䡣
Ρ
һҹ˯üãҲ֪Ϊ̫ͨ۵ԵʣΪ
ڶͿлŶ㰸Աߴ¯лһ£
΢΢硣
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ȵҹлž㰸ǰҹ
콣ڵ뺣ٶɹ뺣һ·֮ǰ˿һ£лŵڣ£Ǳִ
Ͷ뺣رأ۵ִﰶߣͺϻ˵˵֮£úϻӭ׼֮󣬱㻻񳵣лڳؿȥ
˴ûںߣ뺣ɳ̲Ǻɫ˲źɫɰ鱱·ǰš
һɣ
лŶŴ⾰ɫЦžٱҵһεҲӡ
˵лŻͷ
˵ţ̫һɽˮƯҲƯ
ô
лŻΪ֮ˣӦò
Լã
棬л˵ƽӦò
壬һ㶣ĪЩ飬־ƺá
һлŵɫƺ⣬ͷͦãʵûѦӵÿ
Ѧӵ
л̧ۣû
֮ǰҪȥҩҽ˳ּһˡ
Ȼأ
ӴлŸ꣬ʹһ˵˭ộԭǻˡ
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ĿлϣЩ͡
лѹƽȲ裬˿Ϊȴ֪вľɫ
ѦѩȻƬ̣󲻿˼תͷЦ԰ԼǸ廨ͷΪɫõĻôҸڰ
⻰콣ڵ뿴˹лҲ̧ۣһлɫԣְ̧סͬѦѩȻˣϻаɡ
úúãѦѩȻſڴ̧֣ЦֺͣϢϻȥҸ磬ģħ棬ҸһȥΪʬ
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Խ˵ԽС̾˿ˣǹȥ¡
˵壬ħָ飬Ϊȶơ
лŶ豭
ͷһ𳤴󣬱ҲЩ顣
лŶס
뵽ʲôתͷֿ̲סЩᣬ¾΢ʲô˶٣죬뵽һʵĴʣľٶ㲻Ҫƿͺˡ
Ļ顣
Iл̧ۿѡ
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лŲ˵̧ۿô
꣬лϲŭŲ豭Ǿʡ
о⻰˼ڿ࣬лҲˣǿЦݣðɣ
ɻҪעˣ
лŵͷ˲裬ɫ΢䡣
̫Ҳֻѯ֮룬Ҳ⣺ЩСɫӦӰ첻㣬ʱٸܡ
⻰ͻȻʶס
ʵղлνġƫִ׾ǸʲôЩʱֵ̫ƽ̫оһʹߣﻹ¡
ȻһϲӣҲǲϲôʷġ
Ҫֲһ£Ҫ÷Χ̫ΣȻδڣлƽ֪ˣ̧ۣףһзִġ
лųŵ˿̫ࡣ
лֻ£
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ֳڣֱ𽡢֡ϻóֹϻҪǹͬ˫֮ٽףԾʶϣѧʲôĶУǰѧת˷ޡ
֪лŵͷ
ھڡڡ׹ڡڡڡҩڡڡڡڡʮǣֱǰÿʮǺţСŹÿǶиԵĳһЩСšºϻʽ΢һЩǿʢֹϽʵϻܿصģֻаڣϻʵʹϽһСȦֻʮǺͶʮСǡԣȻϺϻħǴܲ£ǲҪ¡
š
лŵͷŵͼħģ
δʼҡͷ˭֪
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統겻ϺȺƣǴٸһʽĻ񡣹뿪ҲΪ˺һơ
ʱֲǺν·֪ΪҪ극
㲻˼·Ҳ˽һˣתͷһӣʼлŽҪסպ¡
һ·ϣѾ¡
ѾϻԶ
ϻʱ㿪ʼ׼ðӭ׵Ĺأ޹ϺɫͬĽᣬͬлһɫһϣǰ
ǰ㿪ʼϵϻ
Ȼã˻ӦɵЩǡ
лſһۻɫһ鱱
лŵ鱱ϽصߣϾ
ȥǰϵϺϻ
鱱ԣɫ΢ݣ̵ǡ
˵ţ鱱תȥˡ
лתͷصġ
˵ţĿЩĽϣַ̧˷δоǰ
ûУ͵ûнս
δлôڵʲôл
ʦʦǳº˯š
лͻȻἰ£棬ɫƽƺûа˻·˵һԼ޹ص¡
꣬ұ۾ͺڻңܱ߶ǽս֮ҾͲ˯һֱѣ㲻᲻
Ȼأ
룬ϲ߿ˡ
Ȼ˽꣬һ죬ҿ콣ɽһˣҶʶ콣һš
˯ʦܺʦ㲻ٻˡ
ֻǰ׹¡
ţЦЦôһ˵ұϣˡһգϻػضʢҲͲ˰ɣ
š
лſڣתͷ΢ЦǰĿȴûа¶ȡ
ǰȥûһ鱱˻

鱱ߣѹֹֹǧӣѺϻΧˡ
⻰üû˰ɣ
ûУ鱱ҡͷûҺϻ鷳ںϻ鱱һ٣̧ͷһлţǳϾ
һ⻰ͷۡ
ַ̧һ
˵ĸ˵ģҪ̸̸ҲҪϾʲô
˶ˣѹҪ̸ʲô
鱱˵룺أҲˣ
ûУ鱱ҡͷѺˡ
ǾʹӺߣ̷Ըͻ
ǡ
鱱ͷ
ЩϻЩͻܱܾͱܣ񣬺ú÷չ
Ȼ鱱ûתлſڣ·ǰ
⻰һ㶣鱱һ˹ȥͼлɫȻ
ȻԣǰۻϾ
Ըӣǰ
ǡȻӦ漴ת뿪콣ڵӴ󺰳죡
Ƭ̺콣ͬϻĹһڳͷǰš
첢Уڷнһ
鱱ͻЩ˵
ηη˿꣬δôŹ
лżתͷ鱱ϲŭ𣿡
ڡ
鱱ӦϽ㱨ǰֹλڵĸ֣ڡ
š
лŵͷֻ·ɡ
鱱ԣ֪лǴӲӲ
һʱЩǿпס˷ܣ򶨳ȣǡ
˵ţ鱱תȥǰ·
ðŷӦлŵ˼ЩĻš
Ͻлǰס֣󣺡лţֹٹ
лԣ̧ۿ
ɱ
һھᡰɱȫ˻ˡԤڡ
ˣǿҪֹһҪսģϻԪӤʿûж٣ûжټҵףҪ񱣳ʵ򲻵ѡ
غ¡
лɣɫԻȥΪƽֻͣǲ·зִ硣
ɫʿˮ
лŹһֱԳСʮףڷһЩǶҲǲеģһѵͿˣҲ̫֣չҪӡ
лŵͷȲ裬ûг
һ·ǰƹǰ£ϻɽϿϻǰһ޴ƽԭǧʿںϻǰ룬Ϊ׳ۡ
ſ߶ԽԽԱлȫ֮෴ƽȲ裬ûа㵣ǡ
Ƭ̣ڽͷͣ鱱ǰ˸񣬹ҼЯپ·
û˵
Ƭ̣Ϳǰʿõ֨ѽ֮Ⱥһλϣ
£ͷڣһŽ𱭣һִһߣòü٬۽һź룬ĵ欣Ҳ˼
û鱱ֱִ»ѽ
⻰˿лţлǷ㶣Щסˣվȥü߳ȣʲôǶ˻𣿣
ɫ֣²⣬ұҰã²ӳ㣬ûгס
Ҳ˻ˡ
˿ʿѹѾ콣ڳˣ˿ɣҪ̫ѿ
⻰ɫ΢䣬ҧгݣˣ
ǡ
Ӧˡ
Ҿ⻰ЦҾԼӦңҪһֱͬһҲӦҪͬҳɻģ
⻰һʱ
лŵʹȡһƿװεһ
ⶼǹȥ֮£ҴӦʱҲ˵˵ĸףѾôʱˣΪѣ£ҲɻˣǾ˰ɣ
岻˵ĿŲɻˣãõúܡ
˵ţɫ䣬һתһѹͻȻ̧֣͵һ絶ȥˣҵˡ
䣬ƿֱƳһ˲һһ
һײ֮ϣ˲նϣ󻨰ͬɽ弲۶ȥʱһǰ
æ٣ҴһƬƬһ⽣һһ٣Աλʿ״ս֣һһЭһȫɣȻҲһƬһɲǣлŷ²豭֦漴
ü죬ʿ״˲䵲ǰ
һһѼлľ֦һӣɽ̼䣬ѵֱۣ֦ȡǰ档
ҴѣһѪŻ漴֦ݺݳϣ˲佫鷭ڵأ
˺ݺײڵ棬δü֦Ѿֵ䡣
бͷɢǳϢ̧ͷ𱻳Ѫ۵
ͼһڣɫƽ̶ֻһۣͷ
赭д˾䡪ɱ𣿡


26 
⻰, ˶ס
ʶɽѹ漴£ѹöá
ɫ΢䣬ԱֹҲ¶𾪡
֮ǰѦѩȻ˵, ֻǸ, ôǶɽڣ
ȻĶɽѹ, ˭ü١
ɱѪϻǰɳϽ֯, ֦徱䣬Ż
˶ڿЦĻɱ塣
һ飬ɱ𣿡
⻰, 
ĻûȻѣлţϽֹѵˣɡ
лŲ˵, Żɳ, еĵǺͽš
͵˿ڡÿһοʱһ
, ֱš
⻰л΢΢֦ת߻ȥ
һת, ѹ, Աʿ, лűӰѯʣʸմ
콣ڣлŶסŲƽȣ⡣
⻰嵱ס
콣⣿
ǲ콣Ľһˣһڵĵǿߣл𣿣
ôͬ
˵ĽҪ֮磬
̫Զ뺣ӣ֪·ʿһ㲻纣Խ
Ľ콣ڼһֻ֪֮٣ΣлųΪķⶼ˼Ϊ𾪡
΢΢ü̲ס㲻֮ôᵽ
ƽΪβܣлת֡
ƽڳ˶¶𾪣岻ţƽ
ɱ⼴ɡ
һ˲˵ˣһƺѪ
˵⻰ᱻ˵Цš
лɱ˵ɱһ磬Ҳû˸ɡ
徲лż岻תͷѯʣ
ǣ岻֪ʲôЦ͹˵ţתͷԭӭ˶ɽٴܻصĲ˵һº׼Ϊǰӷϴš
ӭҵķϱħ˵ò̲ջ磬Ѹˡ
ԭˡ
ЦЦ񣺡ǡ̧֣תͷΣԸϻС
˵ţΣۿлߵߡ
һ񳵣Ѿ٣лϳʱͣƬ̧̣ͷһ۲Զһֱǵ䣬룬̧һӣǧǬзɳ˿֮⡣
ߣлػࡣ
Щ飬̲סлһۣôװôǬ
װģлŽͣʦ塣
װʲô
⣬лʵش𣺡ҵϻ˾ͷ

û뵽Ҫлţôһ˲䣬лŲrģѡġ
ûϻ򿪴󣬺ܿͽڳǡ
ϻܴڳǱһǣͬлڹ㳡ͣ£̴ţ
ϻλ϶վڸߴ˽һλŮӣͲʮͷģüĿŭ
֪ΪΣòͷȴһ߰ף̳ɸ٣һɫ͡
˿ЦҲƲסЦݣǰһ񣺡ƹáιáãʹˡ
лĻҲлţˣλϡ
Ͼˡ
ߴŵŮ콣ϾϻǹͣϾ̫
ɻ飬Ǻϻĵӣлƽȣĳҵĳţҵš˲ؼ⣬ҳżɡ
⻰˶˼ϲɫ
ϰŮЦº͵ȻϾô˵Ǿһ֮ˣϾʲôӦĸ״˲ǡ
ƹ˵òһԵŮӴлţҲˣǱֻȥ콣һλ𵤵ɣû뵽ôͣôʶģôʱ䣬ôԸͬ
ι˵ˣλŮЦ⺢ӵ˽£ʵģȰǣϢһ°ɡҲˡ
˵ţࣺĸױ̶ջġ
̧ۿߴԺΪأŮȻȥ㡣
ⲻһ
Ⱦҡҡͷһ棬ζһ
ˣƹüҲĵò࣬ϳҷȥϢȥæɡ
˵ţƹǰŻȾڵ뿪
ˣιú¸̨Цŵ߰ɣǴȥԺðǷʡ
˵ţһڣͬŷŵ£˵Сӷſ£
ǡͷл˺ţлƷǱŽˡ
⻰ι̾˿ƺΪϤ
ôˣǺƢ
л̧ۿιһۣԱһҲǺϻʵãҰ˵ţתͷлţ˼ֳϿңŵǰնóί
¡лҡͷ룬ֵպ󲻻ˡ
ǣιø˵ŷǰ棬һͰֵܸ忪ˣʵδš
ιãιԽ˵Խûף̫ͣ˼ĸֻûأħڼͲҪˡ
Ҳû°
ιתͷлţ˼ǣǲǣ
š
лӦ
ΪΣһߵԺιø˵콣ڵӰָԺӣסòã
ͬסͿԡ
лŴƽȣƺû˿ס
ιúһ㶣ιЦҪԸ̫ˣǻġ콣ڱϾɣЩ𡣼Ȼ
ιû˵ֻ꣬Цſ˻һۣ˼۾ǾȥǶס
á
ŻлתһȦϻȵ䣬ϻϯΪ콣ڽӷϴ
Ⱦղڣɻ֣ͬлڸ̨ڵꡣ
ϻ鿪ʣŮܸ裬콣ڵĿɿڴ
һеȥ콣ڵеӾƣ⵹ҲźţŮҲ
ƹѲеʧأ콣ڵĵȫϸ̨У־졣
ЩΣתͷԱһֱĬлţǸǹΧ
лԣתͣ㡭㲻ɣ
л룬Щ⣺ʲô
ָָͣ棬ֳȾơ
лųƬֻ̣ͷֻȾơ
Ⱦƣ
Щ죬ǵõлǲȾƵģһΣûھ͵ˡ
лŵͷЦ룬ٱҺһ
š
лӦ˾ƣлһڣƬ̣֪ʲôֶȥ
˼лҲȣϽƣлɫûоܾ֮⣬һЦſҸлžƣȻҲŹ󣬵Ҳǡ
ûһлϾЩ󣬻ɫƺЩˣ鱱ͬлȻȥɣ
лĻ̧ۿɫƺЩɡ
ļ磬ȥú˯һҵȻȥʱ䣬¡
⻰лŲųٶŵͷ
鱱лţ˻ȥ
ͬ˺ȵϯڲ뿪
ľҲЩ΢
Ϸߣ߽ԺۿžҪԼԺӣͻȻֱԣ̧ͷһȾͷڣֱ٣վڲԶ
Ͽˣʶֹ̧סϵĻЩͷ۷ϣȥɡ
ϵûƬ̣ڵòԶһϹ
ͷҲ֪Ʋʲô¡
Ϸ»ԥ˿˳˵ķΧȻڳԵĺϣ̾Ϣſڣʲô
岻˵ߵǰͷǲǣ
˵ʲôأ
Ц̧ۿ壺ȥ콣ûҡ
Ϊʲôң
嶢ŻЦֹ˶ϻˣô㣿
Ҳ֪
ǲܽܣʱȥؾȥӤӣ˵޸Ľ𵤣ôԲҾ͡
壬ȥ̧ͷ濴ܾҵ㣬ֹͲ𽹬ˣ
忴Żָ̧ü䣺壬㲻ĸΨһĶӣҪס
֮λԶġ
Ļɫ䣺ԣѡлţ
סϴ˳Ϊǿ޸Ž𵤣
ɫ΢䣬ͻȻҲܰҪҲԣ֣ס֣ǿ󣬡㲻Ҫң㲻Ҫ㣬òã
壬侲֪Ҫ콣ڵķ
嶯סƬ̣ŤͷңҺĹϵġ
ǡҲԡ
ͻȻһ㶣ͷȥͼͷ˵ԼǡǸıǰ̣㡭޸𵤣õ֮λһ𣡡
˵ţ·ҵʲô̧֮ͷҵ㣬ҲҺòãǣǾһ𡣡
ƽǿ󣺡ӦҵģһһظӦһֱһġ֣ƺȥң𡭡
û˵꣬һ͵ش徶ֱ䵽ǽϣ漴⽣ǽϵɶȥæ̧һƽ⽣俪ͬһתͷ
лŵǰڳһյڷҡҡλΡ
ƽŻ䵭ڣÿ
ã崭ϢųԼվĨһѴǵѪÿɱҡ
˵ţЦҵҪһɱңħ̣ܲһڣҵҪܲһ˰
˵ˣ
лԣ߳Ͻߡ
岻лţɱҰɱңԶʲôʶꣿҸ㣬ҺӼ¾ʶһ÷һ𳤴󡭡
壡
оʱⶼңأ
ʱţٹʱţϻѪˮʱȥȫұȥѰҽʱʲô㲻ҪΪȢͿԺһֱһ𡣡
˻ȲңԶȲң
лŲ˵ҡҷ壬ֻȹķϣҹ㲻
㡭
壬ڳٲߣתͷұ㲻ٰˡ
⻰ԭء
̧֣Ѻϻƻҡ
ġ
⻰ٲ
ң
岻˵Ƭ̺Цá
֣һקºϻƣŻ㲻Ҫڡ
˵꣬ƺݺˤڵϣת뿪
У߳Ժ֮ǰͻȻʲôյϢѾȥˣǳɻ֮գתͷЦЦұ˳㣬ǵĴ񡣡
û˵˵䣬Ჽȥ
лſԶĿ䵽ϡ
Щѿȥƣûƣ˲˷ɻҡ
һлӦˡ
лŴҹأذɡ
ԣͷ
л룬ڻǾǸϾлųʲôй֮¶ǲӡ
Ǹ˼ûɾ鷳ˡ
лŲ˵ţԸЩƫʵǲģЩҲ٣û뵽ôðʧ˵ġ
˵ţ߽С
ůһƬлŽƷԱߣѾѵò࣬Ҳýҹ֮ЩΣŵţպ϶дˡ
лͻȻڣ̧ۣƽǲ̫ˣ
ЩãȻƬ̺ʶ˵ʲô
ǵദʶס룬ꡣ
º͵˵궼΢
οꣿ
л⻰΢΢
˾Ĭţ룬תͷȥңȥϴ
лֽסͷƻµꡣ
¶ţ˺ûа覴á
ϰȴʧ˿̾վжԵϢ
޸𵤣ƽҪбˡ
㶿Ϳл̧ۣû˱Ҹá


27 
ҹ¶, ڳҹߡ
лϻϢһҹŵ˴׷ס
𽹬УŮ, 
һλʿڵϣ㱨屾Ǵǧ˸ķһлų, ˡ
ȷϴϣ
ŮڻϹճһ÷
ʿӦ𣺡ԣ֦ġ
ǿǶԻĶ顣
Ů˵ţͿһ֦أ岻ܾôݡ
ҹȥ˺ϻ㱻лɱˡ
лŸɱŮӲ졣
˵ͷлһ磬ɱǳ, ƺЩܲ, ǻţѾɱˣ֮ǰ, ˵ҪǴһ񡣡
⻰ŮȤ, ̧ۿˣʲô񣿡
֪
ҡͷ, Ů, һЦôҵδҵðҹȥ
Ů̧ͷ, ŵüĿº, ·ڷԸʲôȼĺ¡
Ѧӵġ̡壬콣ڵĵڻ֮, ô, Ż, Ҳͳɲˡ
⻰΢΢ü̧ͷгɣлŷ˷裬ֱɱô죿
ġŮҡͷлɱ壬ˣǼֹǰħħ֣ȫڣնлšúϻһ֮ľ档
壬ŮЦ콣ڵˡ
ɡ˻Щģл׷鵽ô죿
Ϊλ׷鵽ǣ
Ůӿ¶壬ƶѦӵ㡪𽹬кθϵ
˲˵úһЦ˵ǡȥ졣
ȥɡ
Ů̧֣һֻ䵽ָϣֻĴƬָ̧̺ȥ
ȻûһѪŮذ˳ָϣعͷߵǰѪˮһ˦Ѫ÷䡣
ŻЦÿ
*** ***
ϻڣ㶿лš
Ȼ֪ôһ죬û뵽лŻôֱ˵
лɫ⻰ƺֻй¡
룬ֻҽƲܣóȻ̲𵤣к档ǵȽ֮ͨ㡣
˵ţЦʮֳϿңЦȴ۵ףˣǵٵȵȡ
лŲ˵ңңŻþãڲŵͷӦš
лŲ˿תҡ
л̧ͷıӰ
֪Լôˡ
оԼƺסһûǣпǰˡ
סÿһѪ⣬ÿһͷ
ҪĹȥҪڣҪδ
ҪһоΪУ˿Ӱ֡
ͷ̫Ϊɲ֪
ŷˮþãſסԼǰĳ嶯ת¡
лŵһУȻ֪
ԼˮУһ󣬲žԼ侲֡
лǸĿкǿˣɿ˼Ŀ꣬һɡ
һʼ̲£տ֮ǰǹ״̬Ҹʱ
ɽ˫ޣǱƲѣҲ־壬ǻꡣ
һһҪһ£Ȼ
ʵˣҲǺ⣬Ҳûʲôʸ⡣
лš
ЦЦ룬ԡͰϣˮɵƬָ֮䷭תָϵĽ
˺ʼϰߣһһĥһһ
ÿһǷϣνӣ޷ʹãա
εƬûи˿ڣ侲󣬻ͷһ˿ɴĵƬ̺󣬴𵶷档
ͷˮ棬ˮ渡ֳ֡
̡
Ž֣룬̧һˮʧֳͨͨˮ
ϴվߵߣлѾϣѾϰҹŹǷ˴濪ڣ𣿡
á
лű̲
ԴڴϣģպǴ飬ȥһ³ɻ̣
á
ŶһҺ˵ʲô΢۾ΪӭϻĹأҵҵдͣڶң̽r£ֻͬһʱע⣬¶㲻ɣ
̽r鲻ҲͰˣϾ԰в顣
лڶȣЩ׸ˣղлʿԣ¶òýܡ
ȻлԣҲû˵ֻá
⣬Ҳڴϣ۵Ҫ˯˸֧
˵ţ־⻰Ϊ˵Եúܲ顣
ֿһ䣺Ȼ˯ҲС
ȻãлŴԼǲġ
ϾҪŬУңУǺ˽Ӵġ
ǵЩ꣬ټĻʼպ־룬ȻŬᣬ뾡취ͬ
ͨ조ֻһ䷿ֻһŴļڵϴһϡ
˺䣬˹һҹ
»ǧѰЩʱعأȻ꣬ϰӦû仯
˸裬Ƨ⡣
Ժ˯ȥ˯ţлۡ
عͷŴϵˣƬ̺վıӣ˽ȥ
Щ䣬ʶ
л룬˹
䣬ûһоԴڣǰŲŲ
лžעƤܰף¹··͸Ź⡣
оԼֻӣţţš
ãڲű۾
һҹһΣƺֻصǸɽ
Ҫɱڻ
ϸԼԼһ㶯ˡ
ʲôǵãֻ֡
á
һҹ˯úܳ˯ôûôġ
ΪлҹԵʣûգлڲɱǺġ
ڶʱлѾڷ䣬Ͻźһ棬̲סѯʣлأ
Ͼȥú˶Իȥˡ
ϻŻĻͬʱϵ˵ŽιҪ˶࣬緢ȥڶæˡ
š
ͷ룬ֻθ˶ˣ
ˣӦǺϻԼˣİɡ
ν콣ǱߵʳסҪע⣬ǳ˲ӣʱճ
ҿɲұ֤ʵʵ˵ôˣôӣֻ˵϶ԴУɡ
һ˵ԣȴЦȻ㱣֤ˣǾȥ¡
ţ
˷֣ᣬȥݸҡ
ס
ϵͷұ֤˷֡
źŻͳš
лźƺںÿԹȥϸڣϻҹ
⼸ջ˯úܺãȵ鵱գ°
ϻⳡӻȥͿʼ׼֪лźָϽ˹񣬵Ƿӳ̶콣ڽȻͬ
˴峿𴲣ʼڻν֣ȵʱ̳һǩ»
ֳɷֳݣһڶм죬ݸԽԼ̴ӣװз档
длдлſŻ»֣ºࡣ
ȻдԼ֣дú֣ء
д̧ۿѯʣݻˣ
ЦЦֻȻġ
ֻǵʲôʱΪֹȴǲ֪ˡ
˵ţǣ֣¼̳Ȼһصϻ
ȵУѵʱ䣬ǰʿڹлЯִӹһ·ߵ
ʿԱ߹񣬻ת۴лţɲʲôˣ
лŲ˵ź̺һһӦȥ
ԪӤʿѾۣʣ²ڵĲûж٣ûУǾҪʣµԼ붨뺣ȥҡ
кܶˣ˶һԪӤϣɸѡʿˡ
лŴ㣬ϲֻúóɻ飬
л˵һߵڵģ
ʮӽλãǾϱֵܽãȵˣˡ
Ⱦߴ⻭Ũױɫȥ뵱۷ڲ޲ͬ
ߣһһλˣһһλŮˡ
лſһЩˣϳ
ұߵˣ𽹬طңɽٴԲǽħѪ֮µĶ֡
ߵŮֹݣɽڣǰʮĸ֡
֮£ǿյģӦλã֮𽹬ٹ£ȥΪţЦºֿ̨ͣһˣһĵغƵ
һĶɽʿΪ˺ĵģϣΪħļ̳ѡ
¶壬ҡžƱۿлźͻ
лŵһɨƾ۵ףɫ䣬Żһߵǰ
ߵ̺ͷһɽѹȻŻֱֱѹȥ
ԣ˲飬Ȼѹδһѹлֱӷ˳طҷ
طɫޱ䣬лŵѻ
ʶлʲô΢΢һЦַ̧ǰڣ޽Եѯĸ⣬콣лŽΪ򸾣ĸΣ
֪ʲôȾտ̨»лţЦݣʡ
⻰תŻлš
ĸеüˣԵ룬˵ţǰΣ
빲ӣ棬лŽԼһݻǰȻʡ
˶Ź񣬽Ȼǰл뿪
֮ǰлſһ۸̨ϻǿŵطңд˼־档
Ƭ̺ѹͻȻһطһѪŻ˳
лתۣͬȻһ뿪
߳˴ͻȻһǰŻѪ
ȻסлţѹŵϾ
뿪лſһ⣬סȻ֣˿
طһѪȫ
Ա߻Ⱦռ״ȣعôˣ
޷
ط˲ţϢŻȾЦ˸Ů
ȻȾ˼̾ϢҲԵס顣Ҳøл¹
Ⱦתͷһһֱ˵ݣ˻飬ǼҰٵԵ
ҵƽλپȥɱǰ·ǡ
Ͳ¹ˣȾЦЦתͷطңعҪҪϢһ£ǼͬǺȾ죿
طԣһվл£ˡ㡣
˵ţطұ˳ȥ
طҳȥҲҪߵģлŵļƣ˼Ƭ̣ȴ
ȫ쳣žƱתͷˣλϲƣôôУ
˵ţ֣룬ƱһҵЩǡ
죬ûһȫžƱͬһȹߵǰѾЩˡ
Żűӣ壬ףһ𣿡
岻˵¼״վߵѵ壬飬ףƣѣòص
µĻ俴һۣʲôͻȻЦá
վƱҵף㣬ף콣ڡ
᣺ΪУա
⻰΢
壬ףǳɲ档
ЦһѾƱݺˤڵϡ
һԱ£ѵˣȥտһ°ɡ
ƽ壬תͷһˣԸȥϢ
˵ţ¿ЦºͣҲ㿴㳤ϲƣҵȵǡ
˵ǣͷ飬ҲôģŲһ
µЦָ̧Աߣһ£ߺȱġ
ͷͬһϡ
ͬѣߺȱġ
ӭϾϻν绢ħ֮ʮþ˰ɣ
۾˵ϹԣЦ
˵Цˣһ𵤰顢ķˣʲôħ֮λ⻰͸ףɽ٣ڰʲôڡ׹ڣĪհ˵һʲôħ֮
ڰ֣붼롣
ô
ЦǻʲôҼǵǰʱҲŸողԪӤԴﻯϢ˶˵ضһλħҲδһˡ
⻰סתͷºͿŻҵʱĽˣôôƽ¡ҽ߾ȫ޵꣬ԪӤ׾٣㲽뻯ʵ̫ۡ
Ǻ𣿡
˿ھƣתͷ£һ仰
Ŷ
һжվߴжˤ̯֣㿴ⲻˤˣԣĽȵһǡھ̤̤ʵʵӣȥ콣ףҲһ·̧֣δϻ˾ӾڡУʮҲԣҲνֻҪܻţá
²˵Żֿû˿Ұġ
³°ͣ᣺Ȱң˵ѾˣΪǡ
ѵʵ𣿡
ƽȣҡͷҾòԡ
ҪôǰҪûǾӲһ
⻰˿ھƣЦЦתͷ£ԣôԸⴺ紵Ӳأ
²˵ЦſŻ
Ҳ°ͣ˼ţ϶룬ǰħտң֣ҿȥ˵ȷˣֵõħȻܰ콣ڶɽŪǵøϽնݳ˲ȣ콣Ūȥûħӣɱôһˣ̽ȡ
ôôأ
·ϣҿɲôˡ
ҪѾƱǰһƣЦɱô
ɱ˭أ
׷ʡ
룺콣ڵĵӣ֣Ѧӵҩɱ콣ڵĵӡұ߲Ѳ˸ϵ
䣬˼ææ˽򵽻Ⱦǰ콣һλжˣ
ʲô
ȾԱݵͷȲ裬²ؼ
콣ڵĵˣô죿
Ŀɲֹһ
Ц
Աϣź̴Ӵ⼱

̴Ӽֱǰˣжˣ
⻰˲
жʲô
жϳ
̴ӳ˲ۡ
ʱһѾǰż˵ʲôжϳ죡ڵҹ
Ͻ¸Ϊģ·ѾȫԼĻ磬ֻ廹δתͷŭһסƽ塣
찡


28 
⻰, ƽƬ̣Ͻȥˡ
תͷȾաݣĸ, ¹, 콣ڵһж, ǿкι罫˶һ̧ϴһ鿴
á
ݿڣȾձͷ, ԸԱã޸ɵȥ, ̧
õϽ¸̨ȥٰ졣
ܿ챻ɾֻڵڡ
ݿһۣ˼ʲô, ݰס, Ťͷȥ
ûһñλж˸˻
һۣ콣жǽλӣӻⶣº, лźտ
岢˯ڵ, ˽ɫƽ, ƺ˯֮С
Ķҩжϳ˯Ϣȥ, ڳʹ, Ŷ, ɫԽԽꡣ
˿Ѿûκʹ֮ɫǶǡ
ݼ״Ӹ̨ϳȥٷסѨλöӣҲ̲סתͷµͺ𣺡취
ԭֹϽĹţ¾ȹֹ𽹬꽻УѰнΪ
ڵĶ֪мΣȴҲԿºһ䣬ǻɵͷϡ
µû΢΢ɫȶֻ̣侲һЩڵ̾͵岻¡
˵䣬ƽһλŻ۵ݡ
ȿһۣ񣺡ʹ¹
ָ̧˵ܣ
ͷǰȥ΢΢üͷ
Σ
ݽѯʣƺ¶һЩãȻڵĶҩжϳ
֪üν⣡
⡭ţҩֻ¶֮˲С
ⲻŵĶ𣿡ݲ⣬ɵûнҩ
¹֪ҲȵжϳһжʮһҩǰʮζҩǾ綾һζҩΪҩƶʱ˳ͬжϳӦҩҲͲͬҩǧ򻯣¶֮ˣȷû֪ƶ˳򣬸ҩˡ
⻰ɫһףתͷüͷǴ˶Ҫβж
£ŹԿж
Ӧ𣬻תԸһֱһԵϣ飬̳õġԵģôеĶһҪץ
ǡ
Ϲȥ顣
ϵû˳ȥ
Աƽԣɫһס
߳ȥתݣΣ¹ǰɴ˽ѡ콣ڵ˫˫ںϻУѴ̣հһѴ²ˮʯ¡ʱڣҲ֣Ըӻ嶾ԣ¹ᣬ¹ﵽϻͷϡ
ݵĻ˵ͷûж˵˼ʲô
ڽжԺϻûһôģ콣ڵжԺϻֻкһӣͬ֡
콣ڵںϻֹ˵жԺϻĻߣʵΨһʣµ𽹬
ûʵ֤Ҳȷֻתͷһһֱźƽ壬ȣ׳ԹʲôŹʲô
ƽ岻˵ԥɫ
ƽģ֪йѹ˲Ϣ£ƽ嵱ڵϣذ嶼ѿȥƽʹధݼˣ㻹Ҫʲô
̣
ƽԣ̲ס
һ㶣ף̣
һֶҩѦӵожϳһֶǰʮҩжϳȫһ£ΨһֻһζûҩкͣҩңҲΪ£ڷж
ڽŤͷƽ壺˵
ҹƽ崭Ϣţһζҩ˵ѦӵƳɵ̣콣ڵ¶һͿƻ콣ڵĻ¡
⻰һɫ̫ÿ
ݿȻأ
Ȼˡ콣ڵ¶콣ڵӽնûʳֻжλŮõĸ㡣
ǸŮ˭
Ⱦüƽɡ
ºͣȰ˵ˣһŮкο
ǡһ̵Ĺ
ûתͷֱ鱱ڣϽץ
ɴʱץץ̣ѾҪˡ
ѾףǱãԻһǰֹ˾֪ʱ»ο»ãֵúá
콣¶ľ£콣ڵ˻ֲеڻֹȴúܡ
壬Ǳ¶жǸҩ֮˹˵ҩѾĿ
ݹ˼طңֵ̫ѿѣ£óҽλ콣ڵӣѶ˰ɡ
⻰Ѿ϶ˡ
ֻǳֹ֮⣬Ψһܴõҩˡ
Ҳֻ¼Ļˡ
ԣ̧ۿݡ
֪ڸ˫һ̨ס
óҩ£ǲó
¾Ҫͷˡ
ħڼˣʧ
ɾôûм϶
˼ţ̧ͷ
ⶾֻ֮һ
ɱ⣬Ϣ顣
뻨壬һæɣ
˵գ³ŻֱϮϣ
չѾģ˵û뻨ڣ
ҪıֶΣҪ
ĶɽʿҲ𽹬ٹ
ͼƬֱ̣תͬʱ̧һ˳ȥ
Ȼ죬¸죬˲䣬ѽ׷ϣὣֱ̡
缱꣬ʩչκηֻܶ
ٶԽԽ죬˸ѾǵĶ
ϻϮ£¿һ𽹬ˣȣסǣ
һ˸ڷ֮С
ϣϽгá
ûҲûУֻһζ½£񻬲漸νȴ
Ȼš
һӿ£һ㣬ָסĽУƽҲǲţ㣬иͬ
ʲô̼֧ŷ͵һȫΪעڽϣ
״֪ã̧һѪɳȫһȻ£Ϸͬʱ
ͽײһ𣬷Ȼ죬Ȼɣڿһǿϥء
ܱ߳ὣЦ㲻˵һΪ壬ΪֲԸأ
Ϊ壬ִڵ棬ѪҺڽȥ͵׼õķӣЦҵȻʲô
Ը
û˵ܱ꣬ͻȻһ
Ҳһ˲һѹ⽣ӳƿնֱϮ£
⽣ٶ̫죬ֻ󼲷磬һͷ⽣ֱᴩǰ͵ײݺݶǽϣ
ķ˲飬һ㶣ͷͿһˡ
ĿԶЩ죺л
ȻԷûԽֱǰ
΢·󣬳ãڻǻ֣վ
㻹ðɣ
ιƹóСѯʣ˵ͷûж˵
ƹüûд󰭣żȻˣȥɡ
˵ţ߻ش
ղУһɨ¡
δôǱģؿðѪ˿ǽǣϢſŽŵĻ
Ŀɨվл
лŶԱߣַϡ
ͷ·̧֣ҩ

Ȼ㻻Ѫ
⻰ɫһҧҧڹ˲ס棬̧ۿ££֮ϾΪıҿԲƽϣ壬ǿܳ¡
˵ϣҲ޽ء
һЦ˵ǡ
˵ţݵһƿҩʲôҪſɽٶĵҩλ°ɡ
Ȼ
лųѸոոϽĽȻȻϽߵߣȡһҩ
ĳҩûһ˹ǻȥ޴󰭡
Ͼ
ĿţлŰסҡҡͷͷΪָҩ˼
ԱҲѹ˿⣬̧۴Աлţҧҧһƿݣߣ
һ㶣תͷǿЦ£ȴع
¹ߡ
Цŵͷݴ˷ȥ¼״ҲЦתͷߴȾգҲˡ
˵ţȻȾջӦԼᲽֱǰ
ºıӰͻȻ
²Ӷס˻عͷɻŻ
˿̴಻Χ۵ʿۼ࣬
̧ģ洫Ų
лŸ̧ۣͬµһͬŵ⿴ȥͼϴһɱʵʵһŹڴſڡ
ſھ˲ۣŤͷʲô˼
λҺϻʿһλ
㡭
λҵĴˣѪ̺͡
δ˵꣬лͻȻûлͷ͵ѣҴ顣
֮գɱ
Ȼԣ·δλЦɡ
䣬һʿͷ˲أлͫѪˮʿ˵ڵأѪˮӶ£·̺һһ·̵ǰ
̧ۿ⣬ɫд˼־棺λպ󣬲ҪҺϻˡȻ˽úܣУ
˵꣬ǰһ˵ʲôһӥȺд̧ۿȥͼһŮӣһ£ɫףѪһһ·Ǳ˿ǣţ߽
һֻΰӥһУͷ
鼫Ϊʹ࣬ϸ֣ᷢĺǱѪȾ
һ·ߵ룬ͨһڵϣ̧֣΢΢ͷ
ƽƬ̣𾪳̣֡
δ˵ֻ꣬һ죬ŮȻը
ѪûĽǻڰգһӵĻơ
һѹӻɢڳ콣ڵ˷׷׹¡
ħʥӥŷɳŲӥһͯ۵ħѪѸ𣬲ֶΣƺڼ̳ѪߣΪһħ
ħʼλѡˣ
˵ţӥԶ
Ӧħʥ
һѹʧ弱ٿݸϽѵȥ
»תͷ
Цڡ
Цݲ䣬̧֣ڡ
˵ţʿһۣϽɢȥȥ⼫ҪϢ֪ͨš
Ⱦռ뿪˿ƹ֮ͬ󣬱÷뿪
£ȴ˶ߵò࣬˿һͷлŻվԭء
Ŀ⿴ϲ
¶ЦݣǸ㿴ЩģҲûзӡ
㵱Щҡ
лſڣ·һһ֪ǲ˼ǰϰԼˣ´Σ´һ㡣
лŶͣ٣Ƭ̺˵ͷš
һԺȥϻѪˮ˾̤Ѫˮص˷䡣
˷󣬻ƺ鼫ãȥ˾ң߸ϴ
лŴԭأĺ򣬾Ŵ
ϴûдЩ棬лŶ棬ͷСʲô
ǰ
лƽ棺ǰ
ǵһγɻ顣
лתͷĿڻϡ
Ǵȥ졣
ڣûʲô֮ˣҸˣȥʲô˵ȥɾ
Ŷ˵ʱ򡣡
ͷʱ̫ƻ֮ӡĴrɱ˺üֻrЩʿһֱңҪףɴҸطһˡ
ôôأ
ͷһ㶣ף¡
ɵЦлԭôģΪ㲻Щ
⣬̻⡣
ֻǽִ̹֮ݳ
ѳΪϰߡ
Ѱҵĺۼȥǰˡ
ʵƫ
⻰ƺеˣһһ£šʱǨƹûôˡ
Ϊأ
û塣ˣ뵽ʲôЦЦҲסѽһӶվڸߴȻҲ㿲û͹ȡ
ţЦҲǵӶղסʱ򣬲ŷ֣˻жѡ˶٣ͳȥʲôأϣǶֻΪʱҲ֪ߵغˡƫ֣ϲģǡǡֻʱ֪Լ
ԹԼ֪
Ľſ
ȫֲơ
ӶԼǰࡣ
ЦЦͷһЦ
⣬תͷѯӦr𣿡
ӦһΡ
лźǿϲĻ⣬ʲô˳ȥ
㻨ϲشЩš
Ϲ򶨣ʲôʱ򣿡
Ǹ̵Ůˣըһ˲
̣
˼ţŮȥˣˣ漮ӹأԵ
˵ţ̧ۣʵҪr飬һ취
лƽӣħѪ
ʲô
Ϊ죬õһƺ󣬻һֲϣƳһƣħ֮ѪΪħݵѪ̳ÿһħΪиһλħħѪħݵı־
˵ţ˿ڲ裺ƣ֮⣬Ψһİ취ħѪ򿪡ڣδظҿңǾֻʣһˡ
ҪҰӮħ
лֱ˵Ŀġ
ЦôֱһáӮr飬𣿡
лŲ˵ֻǾ
Ҫ˵ڣӦҼ¡
˵
ͷһлЩʡ
һ£л֣ʩƵ˿ڣС޷תƵϣţպʲôҪʲôɱ˭ҡ
Ŷ
û뵽Щ飬ҿлţŵͷҾ
ڶ£콣һλӣǵȱȥ̧ۿ˼־棬²Ϊ
һ㶣лţЩлŵ֪֪¡
ΪºݵĹϵǰȴĵȥġ
ȻǶӮˣˣԼϣ콣ڽ
лŶԣŵӣӦһûʲô
лŲ֪Ϊ˵Щ
֪ôôƽͬ˵
˼⣬ûж˵л΢΢ָ̧ˮϡ
£۾û˱ҪһΡ
Ǿ䡰Ϊ壬ʲôԸ⡱ȻԺл΢䡣
һɱ


29 
⻰, Ц
΢΢ǰյǰ˰ü, ǱϢཻī֭Ⱦһۣд˼ζΪɱɱˣ
лû˵, ɫ, оһ˫˰֣Ķ˹ȥ
𻰣һЦֳ㲻ġ
˰Ҳһ, °, лţ£ɽѩ, Ϊ˭ɱɱ, Ȼ, Լ˵û, ϽҲԭ, ǺϻҲ, ҪľǱ, ˡ
ֳһ˲, Ļ˲仮Ժ
۸, ̧ͷ, ǰ鶯Ůӡ
, ϶ڣ㲻
֪תžƱħ˵ˣ˷ֶΣҲպ󲻻ܺϻˡ
˵ţתͷ⣬ģҲЩ˲ʲôϾʵǿ𽹬ӦһЩСŵ˳ȥѰѪֻҪڼ̳˭ҵѪֱˡ
ҿ԰
ҺɲһЦŻͷϰɣɽٻǸ𽹬ĸ¥ȥûʣ˿˲ܿˣÿԼħѪһ취Լȥңδ棬ֻҪһ¡
ʲô
Ҳи
⻰лžĬԡ
ԼЩڷһЦǲе֣
ûУлҡͷֻе
ν
ڰ֣ǺˣԺСҹܣܣҽ𵤻ָԭһ͡
Ļлŵͷá
Ǿô˵ˣȥ̣֮ǰָûвǾߡ
š
˯ˣ
ָŴѯлš
лſָķ򣬺þãͷš
ϣ
Լ˴
лн𵤹ˣѷƣպ´սһͱټ£ֻϰ˺״̬˿̡
лſϴƬ̣ȴ۾
ɵˣϡ
±ϾǶɽʿȻûʲôӰ죬طҸɵˣԾҪϢһʱ䡣
Ȼ۾֪ôģڵϣϢŸ¡Ϊ壬ʲôԸ⡣ĳ
֪ʱһҲ֪󷨿ĵ
֪˵ǻģȴҲ֪ߵÿһƴ
˵
Ϊȥ֮˼ģ
зſ˫ۣԾµĻ档
ȥǰȻոһͱס½
ǺСΪ̫Сһ˽֮ʱûа취ֻܻͷ
ȻͿʦͷѪſڵϣ԰
ʦ֣ǸһϲͬЦʦȫǿ󣬡ʦ桭󡭡㲻ȥ
˵ڽ룬ܱصȥͬڵӡ
һѵһ̡
ţǰǵϽȾѪٳٲŲ
Ƿ·ǹһһƬ̣һ·Ľƿն
лͤһץסĽ֮䣬һҪˣڹâͬʱѳ
׹ը˼ֻսԼĽڽ룬ס֮ȱڣΪ˿̣Ψһһߡ
r˻лͤӽ֮ܵɢ⡣
粻ֹⰧϣ絶Уι
ĩգ֪˶ãȷֹͣʱֻʣлͤĻǣվڲԶ
ţ̧ͷлͤվ±ߣĿд˼ᣬĽ㻹Ҫ𣿡
˵㶿лͤ
֮⣬лͤϣлŲţѻͷԼ˺۵ǰߵ׹֮
Ѿ·ӡЩаħڽ֮󣬻ײŽ硣
ѾӰӣһƬ½ǡһۼû¡
һ˲̲ס롣

һϲξܾε裬û֯ͷϡ
ǳףӣպôһ˾Ļ񣬴лͤ
ʶ֮ǰΪãôͻȻһΣȻѡ
һθоۿɬˮ׹䣬·ֻǿԨþãڣʦĽҰɡ
պ󣬳ţĽлţ콣лţлš
Լлš
лţԾһ̣Ѳʦһͬˡ
ڽģ֮ģĽлš

ָһ̣л͵ۡ
͵ʹϢš
ƲסתͷѾ˯Ļ
˶䣬񻹴֮磬ڻεĻþС
ͻȻʶš
΢΢ϢųԼߣһѱס
ϮȻѡ
κηӦоֺ
л
˵о£֮Уתת塣
һһ֮䣬ʸЩ޷ܡ
δǿӵδô/ֹ֮ĳصġƽȵĹϵ
ӵջ棬ӲԴΪͼʲô
Щţһʱ֪лŵ
˶˵ЩϢҲЩҡӱӵΨһһ鸡ľ
ãһһů¶ȴݵϣجлѡ
ַһЩ˿Щƣҽˣͷæ
⻰˿
Ҳ֪ԼŽʲôȻʧصлЩİ壬𹦷
򵥵תʵ˵ûʲô̫ôʤޣҪǣԻ˵ҲǼΪġ
㵱˵
Щůģ˶и
лűŻʵˣӦš
˵̧ۣ꣬ǰѰ˯ˣݣڣ
ţ
һҪħ𣿡
Դ콣ڡ
Դϻ
ܱ֤κΣա
š
Լ⣬˯УӦ𣺡Ҫ
⻰лŴá
۾㡣
ȥδ棬㡣
һ·˯лԵʣһ˯üá
ڶ˾
лɫЩ԰ףһȷ֮󣬱ȥλϡ
պϻѪѾɾѪζ£лùţȥλϡ
ʱͿʲôͬлһ߽ȥЦſڣƹιã簡
ˡƹתͷºЦЦ
ιýһüǺǸˣɫ̲Σ
ιãüι˵ûףһѵִ硣
˵ţתͷָԱߵλãǲ̵ϣ漮ӹأǰ;ټҰǨ˶뺣ʢǾסʮǰзŲҰһҹ֮ټұĶʱպѧҶһ١㵽ֹΪҳǰ֣ϻ
˵壬ι̲ס࿴˻һۣ˵Сӳûڣ϶ģ㻹
˵𣿡
ȥ̧ͷιһۣƹһ˿һԴŵлţιעִ硣
ι֪ʧԣλϣҲ⣬ͷЦе㵱ұɫ󣬻ӹ¡Ȼأ
ħѪ㱻ֳƬϾҲħ֮ͨõɻóѰѪ֮ӦһЩ֮¡
÷ţ̧ۿ֮ʱָߣʢѾȥռ£㲻ճ߹ȥֻҪյ֪ͨ㡣
á
ͷԱƹˣ̲סüôȥ᲻Σգ
ӦᣬҡͷħŸոտʼĴʱӦڹ˶ȥѪᡣھͶֵģ˵ûв
ι룬ǵ˴γУҪһЩҪˡ
Ȼ
ͷתͷɨһȦ𣿡
ҡͷ̰֣ˡ
˵ţл˳ȥ
ڳϣлƺ˼ʲô
һۣΪ棺ʲôôࣿ
壬㲢á
лųãŻڡ
ԣЦЦõʱ㲻֪
˵ţ˿ʱ䣬ֵ߰ɣʰöȳϻĵطȵֹغǾԼߡ
ɽʿسɴ磬ٶȼ죬̫һضôǿϾͻᱻ֪
뾪ݡ
лĹǣ˵ͷ
лڣҲˣһдӼ
˿ʰùʯлŷԸȻչ˺콣ڵĵӣҵ
ǰȻȻ֣ô
ߡ
ͷ
Ⱳ飬л˪ؾϵ콣һΡ
˾Ķɽʿٶȣǲġ
Щ˷ܣ̲ס̽˵л˪ôԪӤ˲ƵģĽǲʲôطҺˣҲһˣܲܽ̽ң
⻰лŶһƬ̺žĽߣ̲ˡ

ԣ̲סЩĶǡĽü𣿡
л̧ۿգգۣҪǽ飬ҲǸţȻʹˣ㿴һϣ𣿡
ûС
лſڣ˵ʮֿ϶ѧĽҲѧ
Щź룬̲סпл˪ǿо㵱껹ǿ
û˵ܱ꣬ͻȻŤ׹ȥʶһץסлš
лŽһûеġ
ףֻܱ߿ռ˷·Ҫ˺лŵĽ绤˺Ƭ
ֻƬ̣ͻȻ䵽ϣ⣬ѾһƬɭ֣ǰ籮д֡֡
ˣ
Щ𾪣ôƬֱ̣Խϻˣ
лŵͷ˵ŷŵĻ⣺ûбǿ
һ㶣ɻŻͷ
˵˭
ѾӲ˼άˡ
лſƽѣл˪ûҵǿ
˰ɣЦڰ֣һ֪㣿㵱ǸС
˵ţóͼǰȥߣĿʢǡ
ʮʱ򣬡лźƺ£ͣ޵Ľһʽһڡ
лǿֿһۡ
ǽ޵ϡ
˵̣㲻˵ǿ
·ȥˣ˵ͷţҲ˽㡣
˵ţ޴˦˦һֻСϻ
Сףٻϻϻ˲ϰ׻ŤͷлţԼߣҹˣ
ԤлӦǻԼߵġ
ϾһλѪ溺ӣӦòλá
ȻлźС׶Ƭ̺ԥߵСߣϻ̧ƹס
һ㶡
лŵĽ͡
·̫˵úȻ߲


30 
û, 价ƶϢɵûͷһۡ
, лһǲϲ˴ģطƺû̫Ӵ
겻Щ仯
ˣ
лż񣬹֪ͷһСףСףߡ
˵, СͻȻʹ˳ȥ, һ⧲һ, ײлؿڡлȥһֻ̧, ΢΢, ѹڻϡ
ٶȿ, Ҫģ˼һ, ʶƬ̣лŲĶ, תͷƽȳôˣ
⻰Ĭתͷ
лŶ, ˣ
ûʲô, ʵʵ˵, ;ǰܲһ
ܻ䡣
ԼǱ˻Ǳ仵ˣ
棬лû
ûȤҲ˵
С׿һ죬·٣лڣɴſڰ׻˯˹ȥ
ȵҹлżſڰ׻˯죬룬ͽһǣŻѰ˿ջЪ¡
Ժо˰Լۣлűϡ
ЩѣҲԼѾɽ֣ܱƺһСԺлŴ¥߽һ䷿Žݺ󣬽ڴϡ
ʱ˹лŰǰЬһʶлһסĽס˺ĳ嶯ƽЬȡ˯ɡ
ʶлֻǵѸЬԼҪ̫һһէתͷ˿⣬ɻĶ
ջ
л߽ң洫ʼղѰʿҪϢ
Ŷ
ͷлŵ˼˵̫Լ壬лҲˣûûϢֱϻѾʡʱ䣬Ҳż
Լ£ȥžˮûһͷ֣ҹⴲƺƽʱЩһ
˼룬־лһ⣬ܹʼάϵʱʸУһ˯£Щˡ
˾ûõʲôõõģñԼģͻò
Ҳ㲻ҹиţΪӯ
Ǻ߻ãǰߡ
лߺ취/˯ǡ
֪ʱûл콣ڵģȻŵģûôů͡
ĥţûһлŴӾ˳
ƽʱһƺȥߣûһҶЩ棬תͷȥͼлŴŵӹȡһ̺ӡ
ʶĿ⣬лſȥƬ̣ŽͣС˯̫Ӳ
㶣лźĿ⣬ë׵̺ӹȥ̺ӵڵϣһȦŰѱèһССױ˽ȥ
С׽ѣЩһ½š
лͷС׺ַܿСࡣ
Щʱ˼ƽյı䣬˼
ǹڸߴ𣬲˺쳾
ţлվЦǰûôϲЩС
һֱϲ
лʱµ޵̫ҽӽ
ûʣ˵ͷ
лӦ޵ĽԲ֮ϲèӰ첻
лſû⣬תûаϴ˼ŷűĴҹĶԱȣ̲סһǸ
лתͷţˡ𣿡
⻰ʳоͼе̫ԣӣŤͷȥҾ㡭
˵һ룬־ԼЩ̫ûˣԸҪ˼ůҪŰæ塣
Ҳûʲô˼ɴתͷȥ̹̹ҪҪϴ˯
лһᣬϽͣЩ겡٣ҹͬ㽻Ҿú㲻⡭
û˵꣬ƱϨȥ
һ㶣ҹﾲĵģлź
飬׼һ͵ҲҪ㣬Ǿ˶ãҪκβԸҲǿԼ
лŲ˵վڲԶǰҲ
Ȼ˵꣬ãɳƳԸġ
˵ţƽһߵߣƽƿӣ˱ѡ
̫֮ʱ䣬һֱѩ⣬ɵֽʱоһ˵ӿȪˮůģ˳ɢ
ֱۣתԼķ
·ƺɢˣıϣĵط𵤣תֻص塣
ԴԴϣΪܿ˯⡣
о˺С׵ĺлžǰڴϵ¹⡣
оʲôӯؿڣо
ᵽһδйҸʻǵģԾĿڡ
ȻоΪʶʱĪһƺʱʧȥĻ̿֡
ͷ˯գ̲סѯʣպһֱůҹòã
š
ԺӦһ
лĻӦŸоҹǷݲɢ֡
ͷս֣޼϶
һֳ嶯뽫һΪһ壬һжġ
Ѫ⣬ĽǣĽ𵤣Ԫ񡭡
һһж
ǻ롣
ͷ
лű۾
о¹һһ뿪齣ڰǡ
˯һҹࡣ
л˯ͷʱͿԱߡ
ۣһ忡ڳԳֹɣƬ̣òΪ͵ò۷
һ֮󣬶Էۡ
ЩãȻǰǻƬ̧֮ۿ
ڴϣͷЦЦô
лһȥЩЦȥˡ
ʰöܿ·
գÿҹҸסлŲҪ˵ͻԹϴ
һǰϴůõľְ
˯˯ţʼڣǰôûůô֮ǰ̫Լˡ
һ·ЪЪ𽥿ʢǡ
ʢλѩɽɽţԶͿһƵѩɽСףͷ·ĵ־оԶѩɽ
ŮɽǶ뺣ֹ򽻽֮ŮɽѩһѩΪŮӣ֮꣬ǰ볣죬󣬱ǿһŮȥ󣬳ΪһŮʢǰճ깩ŮɽŮŮҲӰգѽǧꡣ
˵ţЩ֣ÿһһˣȥŮôһİ
ʱɻ飬źӻɽ
л˵Լ⣬˵ôϤ̲סͷĽǲҲôɣ
лſһۣΪΣѪУͽɡ
Ҳǡ
ͷĽ޸ĸڵĹ¹ʿ
һһѣһһҡ
ȡҲһһ䣬ʲôл塢лġлͤлš
δлл֮೯֡
ţܱһֻߴߴϿա
̧֣ϡ
õŲ쳣ɵĻʢǡ
⻰ڻԤ֮ڣͷô˵
·ǰʢǰͻȻһҹ˥ϣŮɽ⣬ͨ޷ɽʢǹϽŵѾ˹ȥûϢȥʢǣ
á
ûͷ̧һɡ
ʱ֪ҡ
˵ţתͷС׵Դʢǣܿ㡣
С׵û̼ٶȣȵ磬һѾʢ⡣
ͨ˶ԣò̫ҡСװ޴ȥ
ſûʲôˣȥʮϱڳſڣȥƣ
лһȥǣϱ̽䱸ߵſڣϵʿ߳ȣʲôģ
ڳǷ·ȥ̽ס
˵˸˽ܵɣ̽ףʿ˼֣û뺣߶ţĲɣ﷢˴£ҪڳҲݣȥŮɽ¿
ΪȥŮɽ£
棬ʿЦ̧ۿˣ㿴Ͷ󣿡
ðˣ̽Ŵ⣬Ӧǡ֮˰ɣ
⻰ʿҡҡͷ˲´ˣֻʮһꡣ
ԣлһۣǰ˲òϢһģԪΪȡ
仰˵˽١
ж
ȷһ飬ʿͷԣԴҵÿյģȥŮɽŮȱˡǵóפء
л֪
ԣ˵ͷ
ʿûжԣֻȥɡ
һ˳УʮǼ䣬Ӧ⣬Բֲ㲻ԡ
¾ۼͷһۣԼԼɫķڵ¡
Щ·ѰǿģͨʿҲ޷˳·ȥ
ã֮һõĸۡǰ
⸮ۡȥʧޣƺ˾ס߲ƺǸոϵķϣдšָ֡
Ӧ̵ļլ
лվڻߣųԹƽڣԹк֮ˡ
ټģȻǺ
˵ţǰȥҪȥȻ̨̤ףһȣʲô
ԣתͷһȺϱǿ̰˵ǹﲻ׼
ѵ¡
лſŶԷָŻĵ⣬䡣
үлŵĻЦﶼǷˣ¶ˣ̨óʯݸϱǾǺ棬ûʲô⣬ͷүͨڡ
ʯϱһһĿʯѵ
ǺͼǰЩ˶һǲǣǴŭŮ췣ϴεĽѵǻȥָ뺦𣿣
һ
ҲⱻʯץסԷĻ
װɵ
ϱҧǲҪΪԼЩΪΪﲻܽҪôҪǾͰǶɱˣ
⻰ЩͷۣӦȥԱͻȻ˵ĽŲ
ͷһ˿ųͷ鳴˳ǰΧʵʵ
ǣ
˴һ϶ǴŭŮǺЩһģȥ
ȵȣ
ۺɱĳЩš
ŲЩ˿ԣϾԪķ̫һƾͰˡ
ʿɱˣԲɲ뱻鷳
илţлŵӣҪԷ˳֣˿϶Ҫܡ
Ͻͣᣬᣬǲȥˡ
ȻȺ鼤ߣѾȫһͷһ鳳ùл΢䣬Ҫ֣ͱһץסһԾϸߴܰ
лסקŴݶʼܡ
ڽֹʹ÷ʿڸǱصĹ涨
ҶԸһˣϡ
ץлſ񱼣˽׷ţЩݶ׷ܣЩŶͼ
ץлκǵƺ˹ȻȴʮʢΧ׷½أۿŵ˳ţһͷӲһˣҪˤȥŵһסȰүʹͲҪˡ
˵ţô׷ȥû֣Щ˰ԼЩѶȶŪˣҲҪ쵽ţץлԱС̯һǰ
ǰ٣лһ·Žߣһϱһųì
ûע⵽͵Ϯĳìлɨ׼֣һͻìһ˦ɿȥ
һ߳ȳ£
һ㶣ͷȥһλͷڡ۸ʿлǰ
а㶿̧֣һƣڵ֮ǰ鿴Ůɽ֮¡
ǵڣ
걨ţ˼࿴һۣˣ
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ùǳţҹ·ϣλõģھκһλգλ侲
˵ŻһֱȤ
忡ŵĹζ٣ִЩ
һԵһԱ߰˵ò࣬ǰȥ񣺡Ƶ
ĻŻͷһ˫峺ƽȵڻϡ
òþޣһۿˣҪΪ壬࿴ۡ
˿ݣҲѰŮƯࡣ
Ȼȴ뿴˲޲ͬ΢΢
ŶллƵΪŮɽ֮¶
Ҳ֣ӦҲ¡
лŵΪһģ֪Ӧʿ
룬λҲΪŮɽ֮ǰֱɽжǷ˰գǰЩʱգʿΪħѪŮɽ£նһʿʮ־䣬λҪྪš
ˡ
Ļ֪Щշںδ
֮ǰѾǰϵʢǣ˳̵ҵָȻŮɽų¡
ָ飬ЩչҲ֪࣬Щ˶ȥŮɽɼӦŮɽڡ
ЦЦº͵лָ㣬Ǻڡ
ߡ
ͷתлţͻȻʲôתͷƵ
ͷǰһŷֽһǰЩΣգһ£ܰһ
ԣЩ죬ͷ䣬ܿһԪӤϵķ
룬Ƭ̣ڻǽ˻ķлǰ
˷ŷģ߻лߣ߰ɣֱȥŮɽ
лû˵ߡ
߳ʱ̲סͷһ۳ʿ
õȷÿ忡ȣִ˼˲еĳ
ġл˪ʱ
ĬջĿ⣬оʲôǶСһһڿһϸּۡ
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Цתͷһлţ£񣬻мСᣬС˭ϲ
лŲԣŲ΢٣˦ǬСǰ
ıӰڰҹɫް
ԺĪֳǳΪȣʱҲǸŷ䡣
ңΪ䣬պܰһ
ȻûãȻ¡
Ľݱ˷֣ЩҪץ֮֮硣
¶۾ܼ䣬Ůһд˼־ϲС
뵽ƺлŻͷһ۳š
Сô


31 
лŲ, ͷ
ôˣ
¡
лջĿ⣬ȻԸоǲˡ
һ, ¶ʲô, Ӧǵĳһ̶ȡ
룬Ų˵ֱ࣬׷ʣ㲻ˣ
š
лŵҲûڡ
, ţΪ
š
лӦҲ֡
ǰģ̫ϲԽӴȻֹ, Զ, ȫȴҲԸо, Ĳģĵ, Լѹ
һʼΪ, ǳԴ, ϲﰵϲ
ɺŷ, ʱ˶, ռ
ϲ˷, ϲ˷ѡ
Ͱûʲôϵ, ֻлԸ, ޹¿֮ް, , ϲСèСҪ, ӵеĶ̫٣һ㣬㲻Ըκ˷
뵽㣬̲ס˼ͬ飬Ͼô˻Ǻټġ
Աߣͱͱ
ι
лתͷͼ֣㿴ʲôûС
лŲҪʲô۾ظţʲôûС
ǣ
֣̽һã·ǳʲôһ㣬ֻһɫСǰ
л㶿ǰСۣû԰ɣõĿɲǷ˵ţСл·ϣ·̧۳ЦһСҪˡ
лſǰ˵Ц
Цݺʱ̫һ峺ȴһɣ󣬻ŵġ
ЦȻĶֱӣϵС
ֻ·洦ɼҰȴã񿴼ɽõһжǰ
ת֪Ǻˡ
лûʲôʶһúúܡ
תͷߵǰ棺˾ˣ𵢸¶
š
лŸ棬·ϵС̲סѯʣ㡭ǰϲʲô
ϲ㳤úáڻش𣬡ϲýƯϲ죬Ҫǡ
תͷЦʱϲЩ䣬Сɣ
䣬
ĿȻһԼ֡
ĽѾˡ
С棬УŽǬС
ģܿ㵽Ůɽ£ԶŵѬƣаտ޺о֮Զ
סлţԶԶ۲һ£һЩף˼̳Ůɽ³룬תͷ·ɣּ
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ɽ»ã϶һ㣬û·
Ůɽ·һεӸϣлŹ۲Ƭ̣ȷǸ磬ͨ˵Ǿ޷Խϣʿѡ
ͷ֣
л̧ס뻨УϽѾͨ룬лޱȺĽ𵤣·һ㣬˿ûйɬ⡣
תдʣַ̧ڽ֮ϣûƬ̣ڳһţſ֣תͷклţ߰ɡ
лŵû߽ȥһֱ֣ʼתǾ䡣
֪ǵĽҲûн飬ɽһ磬͸оѩʶۣлѾǰ
ﲻܶ
лŵǰķ磬ͬͲԭ򣺡ѩɽѾγ˷һС磬ķΪתֻ֮ѭ֤¶ȡǶãһСأ̮ͺá
ħѪСУһС̮ҪңҪˡ
֪һ£Сؼ಻лŵ̫ࡣ
лŵ˼˵ͷһЩ˼ǰһ·һǰ㵲Ϣ
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лԥƬ̣ڻǳҲطֵô
˵ţɽȥ
ѩѩúܱܺûκθӦ·ѩѾûκζ
ʵҲ֪ȥȵɽһ
Ի˵ǼΪܵģлһֱתǰΪסӭ溮磬ҲѰ
һ죬лһ·ߣһ·ּһЩ֦ŽǬ
ȵҹߵɽѩ࣬ۿǰһɽлתͷѯʣϢһ°ɣ
˵ͷлɽɽ󣬵ȥ֮󣬻Ǹ˺磬˲ůࡣ
лǰ棬ȷɽûʲôΣպ󣬱ȡһůݵȥЪϢһ¡
Ӧлŷſ
ûת±ů񣬻Ҳ䣬лűϣıͼԼůһЩ
лŶܿ죬ûƬ̣֦ȼлŴǬ﷭һů񴲷ڵ棬˱ӣû£ȥɽſڹӡ
ǬʲôУȡһɴڶ֮ɽ¶һЩɴܱ棬ȴ棬ûн£Ǽõڱ
úɽ߻ߣҸҡ
û֣ס
лŶһ٣˼̧ͷЦЦ̫ˡ
лԣӦһϴʱů
Ҫ̾л˹ڹ齪ˮһ裬ڻϡ
ʶʼлһϾͼΪǬĺЩֵֹƷ
꣬˵лŵȷû
⣬ȥĶܰӹú
ȥǸĽޣȴʮ־¡
ֻǵԶûִ󷽡
˯ǲݶѣɽҵͨĲϡ
ǮˣӾ͸ùˡ
ŹˮڻʼЩˣԼϸֻ
ԽԽԼ̫˴ҲûΪԼлżϡ
лŲŤͷ
̧ۣ⣿

лתͷŻ⣺ʲôҶ⡣
Ǿͺá
ŹǷǲίԼģҪʲôĵطֱ˵
š
лӦûһˮʱ˸պڵ¶ȡ
ݸ콣ֳ齪ů壬˯
֪
ǰͺȹֻ˵ⶫͦǰлҲиһ顣
ڿӦкܶࡣ
ⶫζãлŷ裬Ǿ
űӣһʵںȲ£ͷݻȥлţҲҪˣʵںȲˡ
лŲ˵ĬɨˮɫĴֵ࣬ŲĿ⣬ѹסްɫʣ°ȥ
˯ɡ
ûע⵽Ķ£ϵȥ˱ӡ
лżϴ֮ͬǰһȥ£˻
ѩƺΪҹԼǺ
л֣֣˯ɡ
۾Ҳƽûʲôͬ
֪ôģһЩһۣ͸о¶ȱƺһЩĪҲЩ
˯ţԷҲû˯ţ˱ƽյƣŲ
лŵ־ͷ䣬ע⵽ƺֱֻܴס֫
񴲺ůеĻ壬ůĳЩƬȻ֡
ŵôϢӺĻһӿ֣ɵƬ̡
ƺҲĺлź˼ֻ֣뿪䣬̽ţŲϡ
ʶҪʲôȴʶԡ
лŲ֪ΪγɣҲʶʲôԾһһʸڼ֮ʱͻȻһ
ûȻѣһץס֣侲жڸǣˡ
˵ţӴ˲ץ£ϡ
ǶҲ侲ۿ⣬Ƭ̣Ჽȥ
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Ϊֹˡ
ŮɽλֹϽ֮أֹŮɽϣҲ֡
ȥл򴽣·̸˳ȥ
һɽ溮лס֣ѯʣʲô
ǳѰħѪ򶷱ûΪˣ
ûĻ۾ʶԱһѣ㼱ææԶϹȥ
лΪŷ磬ԣæӣ뵽΢
ûж˵һ·ûã
壬һŮͶ̥ͶúãΪʲô
֣лתͷһۻ
ǰϢ׵ʯͷ棬ͿһϻŨױͷһ޴󷢹ڵһΧ
ˣ࣬ڵϣϢţǷЭңôЭģ
ҷˣЦͷ⣬кθϵѰ̽һȫʬ
⻰һ١
Ѱ̣Ǹö
ֻҪҵĶϢѰϣָ
ħѪħѪֻ࣬Ҫ㵽ħһѪⶫħѪһ򵥡
룬ѹѯлţЩжٰգ
лԣ̧ۿ𻰡
Ʒǲͬˡ
һŴ鷳ϲҲɴΪأֻȰҪѰ̡
⻰лŴǿԶɱˡ
һ죬룬Ҳ֣ҡ
˵ţǬóһѰϡ
ûΪ޺͸˲ࡣ
Щʱ࣬õսӦҲǿԡ
л䵭һۣתͷǰ
ĻЦΪѰõĶ𣿡
ٷϻȻãܡ
ԣ
䣬ַ̧ϣƺ벦ҡ
һвá
ȻֻԪӤҲ֣˭Ҳ֪᲻Сˡ
Ȼһг㱻
漴ѩ磬֮ĺ
ƾҲԵ۷壬Ļ޵Ʒӵ쾡¡
ûһϹ壬٣ץܣߣ
屻ܿлŵǰʣµˣ׷ѡ
˲Ҵ𻰡
һ˽ò˫ǵ֮
ұźҳлὣת׷Żȥ
壬˺أ˼ѹڻϣߵġ
崭Ϣţ㡭ô
ȱ˵
ι˿ҩ˵
ҩҲûж˵
Żоѩ֧ˣ˷ѩΨһů
Щɬ͵ͳˣҾ֪㲻᲻ҵġ
ɡ
лŵӺ洫˲ʶﻹһˣ˲ͷ־ŭ㣡
лû˵꣬㽫һѳס̧ѯʣ𣿡
ʵúƽ̣Ī˼в
˽ţãҧߡ
ߡ
лŷ룬Ա߱ٵĻһۣҸůš
лôһѣͻȻʶ䡣
Ͻܹȥлžֱһ飬ֱץңͰѹǰ庮ǲ㡣
忴ôԴԼ٣۵ҧ
˵䣬һԸֹĻһѱ˹ȥ
лſճס
Ȼһһм˸
ŤͷһۻлţǸմ·Ϲɫ̲סٸһЩ
ǿЦЩţ˴Σͺл˳У
š
ʻԥӦ
屧ٵ̲סӴһЩ
ֻˡҹ
ŻȴҪǿп岻˵л̽ͷȥô£ΪʲôҪɱ㣿
׹ڵʹ׹Ч𽹬ôö嶯֡
ˡ
ûعͷ䡣
˵꣬򴽣֪Լǳʲôͷ̲סһ䣺ڤһ𱣻ҵģǽŮɽû¾Ϳʼϳ¡ڤ֪٣ҲѱˣɱҶȡѰԼȥѪ
ʲôԻǵĶ
棬Ϊ޶ණУ˵ͷ
⻰ϸһ£ɽȷԼϸʲôûУΪԼĴ
ûС
лſ϶ڡ
Цֽ޵Ȼǣ˶˵Ӱ죬ԶҩһϢֻи߽׷޺ޣ֪ͨо
˵ȻǻӰ죿
ܽᡣ
ͷ룺ǡҪʲôӰ죿
ûһ٣Ƭ̺ŤͷЩ񣺡̰
ͷ׽лŵʧںδ
ʱѾɽɽѸɨһĲá
һۿȥ嶯ס
ɽ￴ȥЩңůϣɢлûüϵ廹ڴߣӡҡҲɢһء
ҵĴסЩãȻڴԷĿʱ˲þȣϽǰʰ͵˼ղųȥ̫е̫ˡ
ͣΪ١
̲סȭͷ΢
ҧЩݣͬˣ
һʶͣ־ò͡
ԥڿƲסôң
˵ţϢ㡭
δ䣬һѪŻ˳æס£клţһЩҸιҩ
˵ţȥҩ岻ܲˣһץסۿ
ңҪߡҪҵ桭
㣬ţϽ㲻Ҫȳҩûͬȳҩ
⻰ɫŻЩڻ۾
뿪ҡץŻ֣ૣߡ
˵ţûʶ
Ͻ뽫ֳȻԷקúֻܽлţҰҩȡһ¡
лԣƽǰ
Ȼûȡҩ棬ַָϡ
ôĶ
һһ飬˴ָӵѩ֮ιǡ
ͷԺȥķ򲻶ԣɻлţ
лŶһ١
ԺлǶС
䣬
ͣסƬ̺󣬴ƽ֡
ŵͷȥǬҩ˽ȥ
ιҩϢƽȣ˿̧ͷԱлţƣһЦҲˣ˯ɡ
лŵͷȴû
ɻ󣺡ôˣ
䡣
û£ģЦЦлҲůͣҰһû¡
ӡ
лۣͷҲϿɡ
һֱǸӡչܶˣŻˣֳ︡ºͣҲϰˡ
лŲ˵
еǣһ粻ȥĺ蹵
˵öԡ
꣬ʱ̫ˡ


32 
Щ̫ˡ
Լĸ˻, Ҫϻ
ΪԼһ֮˽콣ڵ¶
׮׮û˿Ϊ֮
Ȼ, ȴҪ
лſһɣŻž, ɫºͣСϲҡ
л⻰Ŀƽ, ˼ֻ䣺Сʱ򣬺ϻǿʢţ¡öѧ, ʱǸС, ֲϻѵ, Ƕſޡҿʱͻҹ͵ӼӲ͡
ϧ츳һ, ۵, ͵͵˵, ˵ˣƢԽԽ, ǰȴһֱš󣬵ȵʮ뿪, ֮ǰ, ͻȻ, ˵ĸѾʼǻ, , ܲܺҳסʱû˼Ȼһڻؾֺ˵ĸ˵ˣҵλãûкʵˡ
Ȼأ
лżͣסһЦҵʱôܱ˵ҵ츳ԺϻλãҪ˭ҪݣҲҪҾܾȥû뵽ǣһ죬ϻ㸲һһУʱҵѪΨһģֻ
⻰л˵о乣ʲô
ιΣÿһΣۡ
ܹÿһˣÿһν٣ۡ
ѹ𽹬ҪѺϻΪڣ˵ŹȥÿţÿһõԴͻϻشʱǽΪڣҪٻָ͸ˡħͬ⣬˶Ψһֻ壬ڴ飬˵ҪȢңֹϻ֤ϻһڣָƥʵΪ㱻ֹλãĸǷ
꣬ȻʱЩԣʱڹҡ˷˻飬ҲڣΪȥ޸𵤵Ӥӣ˭֪ʱħ£ĸ׳û˻飬ұֵԣң˵
˵ţһûв˵š
Ѿˣȥ콣ףû뵽
̧ۿлţϴ˼Ǹ⣬ҳɻ飬һʱʧǣҲ⣬ͬһʶǼȻˣұһһ㡣ֻ˵
򴽣͵ͳϾرǸˣ
žһľ̿ը죬лƽǰЩİŮӡ
֪ͬ⣬΢΢ͷ̾˿ڣ֣һԣ˱ӡ
תͷԱһֱվŵлţ˯ɡ
лѲһȦƽ岻ã˯ء
лż֣ͷһ壬˿ƺûѣվΪ˾䣺鷳ˡ
˵ţߵϣ£űڣȡһޱչ˸ɾ
лſŵϵ壬Ƭ̣ࡣ
ĮȻŻѣ۾Ծߺͣ
屳лźͻϢȭͷ
˸˼˯һҹأȵڶʱ㿴лŶѾá
лʰڻߣһڻڻ
ɻһۻĶʲô
Ŷ̧ͷЦЦˣҸˡ
˵ţɫΪºͣǹģΣ
ˡ
ͷƬ̣룬ֻ㡭Ѫģ
ʵ⻰ʣħĲߣһȻΪͬһĿꡣ
Ĭ룬ֻΪ°ɣ
ºͬΪħ֮ˣ˶ףȻڲѾһȻΪ¡
⻰弱ǣΪˡ
һ˵ʶлԱߣסûм˵ȥ
лʰöתͷƽ߰ɡ
ͷҲû˵վЩź壬ҼȻͬǾͲͬˡ
˵ţ㳯лȥɫһףͬһ𣡡
סŲɣҾѾԽ磬ټ
˵ţһлš
һҧ
лʲô
˻飬ͬжԽ
뵽ҹѾʧ̬ס侲̸УѰ̣Ůɽֵؽɽûз򣬼ȥûнң忴Żд˼ֿ󣬡ûһȥ
ѱ䣬ˣŮɽ֪Ǳߣ뿪ǣ޷Ա֤Լȫ
⻰˼Ƭ̣˵ͷڵãһ߰ɡ
Աϲɫһ棺֪Ҫô𣿡
û˵ʱٵһӣұѰȷϷ򡣡
ΪҪһӣ
棬ЦЦ֪ѰÿֻڳȽʱʹһΣÿθڵλãʾһη򡣡
ˣ˵ͷɴ˻˼׷ʣǾǿѰʢ򣿡
ʱѰÿָ·ҡҡͷ̱ϾֹˣǶΪ˽⣬ֱʢ򡣡
˵һʱЩΣƬ̣ڵǸԲ𡭡ҵϻûʲôֻǡֻ̫֪Ϣ
㲻öֿͣһԱлţЩȥˡ
䡰ȥˡ˵ͷлż˵ž£ƽʢȥּң
һתͷ壬ѯʡ
ĿŲЩоﶼԼ̲סͣһͷǣڤһȥּҡּŰʱǾ˵ڣ̹ȥ漴⸮͵ٻȥһֱûٳ֣ȥʱּһŶʮӣҲ鿴ûʲô֣Ψһֻһ¡
£
׷ʣԥƬ̣һۻ峺ε񣬴Ǭȡһ
Ц֣
ûж룬ԣ˻
Ѿ飬ԻȤһ۶ŵлš
лɫϲŭĿ⣬̧ۿȥͼ˰úܽЦЦڽĿŲϣͬϸּͣҵ˳ʱĻ񡣡
û
ˣӢЦºͣﱧһŮӣŮӴż£Ĳӣһ˫ȱȹţͬβһ㴹棬ȥѰŮӸࡣ
У͸¶һֳͨ޵ĶǣŮӣû
ֹһ
忴Ż飬֪лûλ˵ѯ˵˰ĹԱңʮʬУһʬûģǾλˡңλ˱ʱڴϣٱȥһţͻɻңʧˡ
ңŤͷڵô˵
ڵ˵̫ҡͷûʲôһɣǿһν˵ʬ塯λˣ׹ڵֽƬˣǿڵĿܡ
Ҳ޳˼ţ˵ݶû£ҲΪλ˻˿
š
лܽᣬͷ˼ŷϢ
ʱʱ࣬𻭣ǬȡѰ̡
Ѱһ̣̣¶֮ɫ̲ס̧ۿ壺壬ҿ𣿡
ȻԡѰ̸ȤݹȥСģԼ
Ѱ̵̵üΪ£֮ΪԿѰ̣Ѱÿһϸڡ
̫棬һƬ۶δע⣬۷ָѪˮ˲Ѱϡ
һ٣弱סָæôôСģ
Բ𣬡ϽǸûע⡭
ʱˡ
лѣŷӦҪľ·ʱҪһ졣
ſ֣ҲϵѪæǬȡһαѪҺѰУ漴дʣ۾
лߵߣס֣֮У߶˿ڣתͷԱʩ塣
лŲ˵ͷַűչĵط棬·ڲʲôණ
һѰ𣬳һ룬ָһ
ɽķжһ£ȷϣӦɽ
ãͷǳ
˵ţᲽ˳ȥ
лźվɽУתͷ
ЦЦлԶǧ֪ʱȥ
ˡлƽڣҪлһգұһա
л뿪֮ǲԶˡ
ߵл࣬ѹҪΪ֮ΣͿԳáҪǸˣҡ
лԣĮȻ̧ۡ
վɽſڣ˲ڣ𣿡
ˣЦȵҡ
˵ţȥ׷лŻͷĬһۻսķ
ȷ˷򣬱ɽȥ
һлŻǰ棬ԱԼ٣лֳڱѩ֮Ľ޲ͬ˵֧ûɪɪҲ̫ܡ
лͷһлţԷɫƽƺκӰ죬ҧҧֱӣ㡣
˴գۿŵ˻ƻ裬Լ
סӣŤͷ⣺

Ҳ̧ͷθ̫һϸƬ̣ܱߵͻȻ
лŻ֣תͷɨһȦ⣬ƽǬȡһѽ
⽣ҹǬзģ˿̵ó
ޡ
ԽԽ˲ͷҹ޵ģ
䣬һǺ漴һͷ͵˹л̧һնԱ߾ǣ̧һ˦С˳С˲һҧԱһͷǲ˦
ߣ
γнһͷǣת󻽣̫ˣɱģߣ
ӦлźСһһһɽϳ塣
󣬻ͷһۣ̳ңܣ
һͷϳ壬ܱҰ糱·ŮɽҰ޶ټ
лźС׻ʵʵֵĻᶼûУлɫƽקһ·ϣһֱɱҹǰһ£ԼһѹϷŲԵӵĵݼΪƣֵطͨԽϣѹԽ
Ҳûʲô·лſɱ׷ޣԸϡ
ԥСףתͷͬһȥ
лżһξ룬תͷϣȥ
ݵö࣬ܿ׷ϻûǰڻʱնɱ׷Ұޡ
ֻԽϣԽоεѹѹ·ҰҲ׷ûһξ룬ͣ
жΣ㿪ʼóɫףлҲЩʡ
ֵطΪԽߣѹԽκû⡣
˺ǧһһƶ
лź廹ãתٻ̫䡣
ûܿϾͽ˱
Ҳû˵͵ʹŴлתͷ̧ͷ˿Ϸ룬ȻжΣһֻȥֱϡ
ֶֻץʯлһʯͷʮΣգֱֻϣһֻһֻץס¡
ůů˲ڻϱѩľľ仯תͷȥ㷢лŰָ±ڡ
ůѹƺҲС࣬ӦлŰֵһ֡
һΪͷлҪӱеѹ¶ͻ⡣
֡
Ϣлȴֻϡ
˽ţƬ̣л̧ۣٴظ
񲻹ȥǡ
ҧҧֻܼӿٶȣһЩ
˰ҹȵÿһ綼Ųʮּѡ
ãлȴѾߣϴЩ԰ס
󣬻Ϣţȥ
лŵͷ֪ԼʱѾֻۣſ֣һҧһԾ¶ƽ̨
ȻҲһɲһֻӥͻȻ±ںݺһģ
±˲ѣлźͬʱʧȥ̣׹¡
ܱѩɽ𶯣ͬе棬ѩϷ㸲
ͬʱ֣循
Ǻɣǰһˣ͵ץס֡
л˲۾һʱʲôˣֱֱ׹¡
ѩɽѩǵضƺǰ壬һץס
Ƕɽڣʲô
弤Żɽȥѩˣߣ
ʧߡ
л㶿š
ܱ߷Х˶ʧȥһ˲֮䣬оԼͰǰغϡ
Ⱥ統аħ̰׹䡣
˶ãǰ淴л̨Ǹת뿪ˣԼ
ԭô۰
ݺһ˲ѩȻ£ûһУںڰޱʶ
ԭʲôɣ۶ٽڡ
Ǹˣô۰
꣬Ӧۺöɡ


33 
ˣ
ضɽҡ, Żææǰڳȥѩ¡£վ, һ˦, Ϣų߰, ҡ

û˵, һס˫, ɫѡңѡң
ԶԶ, Ͻ, Ҫģ侲һ㣬ȥ
, ˵
侲ɫǰͲסؼиƻҪңҵóڸ㡣
⻰һ٣̧ۿȥɻ󣺡ƻ
ûͷŻ۾ٴȷϣ, Ҫ, 𣿡
Ȼ, ЦֻѾˡ
˵Щ̧֣ϣᣬҲЩ֪ǱºĸױƵģߵһΪ̫𣿡
ûд֮ǰҲԣʲôûУұ뿪ǲܵġˣҪΪħ
忴Ż棺ҳΪħҾȢ㣬󣬴Ӵ˺ϻ֣
壬ǿڣҪôԼúûűʲôҪǶɽڡ
лҲǣ
һڣԼ֪˼Щȷüͷ˼ǣ
ʵڤҹ˦ģ˵ţµˣڤȻܹ´ͰͶ£ֻĸ𽹬һģԲң˽ѪɽҵõѪİ취ˣҲ֪õѪǱѾɽ֮УɽһֻˣǴǵĶ֣ˣҾڤȥ׷ˣȻͻ˳ڤӦûɽǺܿ
ɽʲô
һۺڳ
ЦЦ֪ŮɽһֱŮػ𣿡
Ҷ֪ͷŮ
ӦŮƺǱ˹ҲѪӦþŮСⲻǹؼؼڣɽУһϹŴ󡣡
ʲô󣿡
üͣⱾϹŴѩɽķ󣬵˸ˡ󱻸ĳ󣬷ĻὫȡɾɽ֮ˣһҹ׷ΪʡֻҪܰҵķԸлι´ҩ˵ţһҩݸԸȻл͵ָλã֮󣬾ܽΪʳɾʱħѪлΪһ𣿡
ǣţ콣Ϊлŵ˻ƣ֮ǰĻ涼ʵ͵콣Ǳߣ콣ڲưոݵġ
һ־ͺˡ
̸취ѩɽ֮ˮʳΪ֮αװڤ֣һܣϵ֫Ȼȥ㣬·壬Լˮ֮С
ˮʴ綾֮ˮˮ֮Уʬ޴棬ʱ콣ʬ嶼ûУж
֮ǰĻ涼ˮĻ棬Ҳѷֱ档
֮ǰῴڤãᴫһϻָϣͿԳ׼޻ڤ
ļƻֱơ
ôлţ󵨰
סԼΪĳ嶯ѯʣлûɱڤĶ
ָϣһЦ𣿰ͳǰһ̲סˣ̾㲻֪ж
⻰΢΢Ǻߡ
Щ̲ȥˣֻܵȥлţȻΡ
á
ͷȥֻعͷֻ̼ˡ
֪
Ե쳣˳ῴŻȥɣҵ㡣
ӦϽȥ
һʼƽŲת䣬忴ʱһ·
ѩ˶ڣֻܿԼٳһ·
ȴѩʱֶٳѪ÷죬Ҳ˲ʹתͷããѩлţлţ
˵Ǵɽµȥѩ񣬶һɽڵĽ˵ⶼǴ¡
лžò֣мֵġ
ʶһ·̽ȥҵлŵλãϽ嵽Եʼѩ
лѩ
ڳоѩһһѻãŰ
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һ̫ѷޣϲ࣬ڻᡣ
ΪʲôҪΪʲô
ѩŵһ̣ڴ΢ܵʱһʹࡣ
ɣɣ֪ӣӦġ
գҲ֪㣬ҪΣΪ¶û̫Ӱ죬Ⱦࡣ
ıһ̣Ǹ֪Ŀʹ
ë΢׼侲֮󣬱Լѩȥ
ȻûȶãѩϴŲ
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ȻǰѩȻٿȻ£ŮӴŴǵݳϷ
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лŲЩģˣ
лû˵ĿڻüŵıѩԼѪϡ
лţ
ſ֣ǰ˻Ρ
лŲ˵֣סѪ֡
ס͸о˽Լһڵء
ѩ֮ڻؿڣ
о˵ʻ鶯лű۾

ˡ
˵ôһ䣬ûж˵
Ƭ̣ƺްֱߴ٣ˣϽ
лӦתϣ˿Ѹٸԭ
վͷѰлߡ
˼ͻȻͷѹлţ̫࣬Ҫҡ
л̧ۣ˵棺ֻҪ㲻뺦ңҲẦ㡣
⻰лд˼º֪ͣ
лôЦߡ
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ŵ֣ɫһ뵽ʲôǿЦлɻã
лŵͷûж˵
忴һۻȳǡ߰ɣ
á
ͷлŴһۣûж໰
Ѿߵü죬˸λãȻѡ
·һعͨͨ˴ãͻȻһ
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忴ˣЦݣڤˣ
ӰǰϴѪڣȥˣ
㲻ڣˣ
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ڤ˵Լƺһ˲ЦЦ
ֻأ
忴һ⣺ҵɱ𣿡
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ңҴһͷֵ𣬲𣿡
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ֲĹŭ⣬ڵĸ׵ģµģ
˼ڤһһۣġ
ڤ󣡡
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˽ţȤζ˫һڤһлţЭһзִͺá
ͷһۻߡ
˵ţ㱧٣ͷǰ
ʣ˸ϣ˴ҹֵѰ̵ʹʱ䣬ѰһռȻѰ̵ķȴָǽ档
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һ㶣
ڤҲ⣬֪޺ֱΪָһǽ棺˳һ·ȥҵأ
˵ţתͷԱлţأ
ɡ
лŵͷҲͬ⣬;ֱν̧һ
ǽƣЦûôһ
䣬ʮǽһһѿֱһ··ľͷһȾ޴ʯš
㶿ʯţлѣޣһҪ
ǵĸ
ֻ޳⡱Ľޣ̫ˡ
߰ɡ
лսŻʯȥ
ڤһۣϽǰ
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˵ţ̧֣ƿʯš
һѩңмһһŮӣŮϱţ˺ۣһƺרӡ
úܰףڹâз·Ǳѩһ͸
Ϣ̧ͷˣ㶣󼤶ڣ˭ҵ𣿣
԰꣬ĻЦʹŮɽŮأ
Ů֣Ƭ̣˲޶⣬˵ͷǣǣ
ҵѰħѪŮѣԷݣΪ֪Ů֪ħѪںδ
ħѪ
ʣЦôҪĶ˵þã
ŮҪʲô
ּ֪ۻۣзȡ
⻰һЦݣƿڴûţҪʲôϹˣ
ЦݽסͷŬЦ
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ЦǰлŸһ˽ǰָԼ·󣺡һû취ֹͣûѹ棬̱ը˭ܲˡ
ĸأ
ѯʣس°ͣһֻ֪λãҪǰ˵ãҴ˹ȥֹͣĸԷĸκһͻ̱ըԹѡһˣ̧֣лź֮仮һȦѡһ£Ҵһȥĸ󡣡
ԣָ̧ڤ󣺡ѡ𣿡
̫أҡͷ̫ᣬ󷨲ˡ
˵ϣʵʾûѡһˡ
ضѡƺú˼ҿ˿˼ţҪ㣬Ҿѡ
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̧ۿأ
Щ⣬棺㲻
£Ȼ£ЦӲ˭Ҳᡣ
˵ţתͷһлţȥɡ
лԥƬ̣ڻǵ˵ͷ

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תͷлǰһ
վȾˡ
Ӧ߳Աˮأͷлţͬ߰ɡ
˵꣬ͿسˮһԾ£лſһԱ壬
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һʱԣڤ˻Ŀ΢䡣
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̧ۿ壬¶ֻ֣̿塣
¡
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ڤ۲ǣûƬ̣󷨿ʼת·ǳһ㣬һһɢ
ҲɲǣԱͻȻһĽγɾ޴û˲ס䡣
һֻ޴ĴˮһԾŻһצ˺ҧȥ
뿪󣬶Էһצץ̧һסԷʱſԷģӦһֻŮޣߣɷ
Ƭ֣˲뻨壬һ飬̧һԴԷ죬һƷɹ٣ٴԾˮС
ڤ󣡡
ץŻ֣ڤ󼱺𣺡ץ˰
ץ
ڤ侲ڣһֱץˮΣա
ԣתͷͿ϶һ·ӣԼ֣ǰЩ衣
ʱѾ׽⿪ϽιҩԺ䣬ˮ
̧ۿȥͼлŴˮгһ˲л㶣ĽҲס
лųǰһƿ壬ڻУ̧ۿƽ˵Ķް̫š㽫һһɫȡңڿУ˯һͺˡ
⻰л侲ȡڻСסӣپһ֮鼰ȫ
֪ûʲô󰭣лżͷ۾
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û˵꣬㿴лۿ˹Ŀ罣űɱ⣬ɱһ˲串á
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лĮڣתͷأҪϢ
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˵ţŤͷԱڤ壺Ǹߣ
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
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ͷȭͷۿ˹ȥ
ô
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󣬻ùǰ
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ܿҪл֪˭ķ


34 
վԭز, ڤͷĮˡ
, , תͷǰȥֻ֪ˡ
˵ţһ˸Žǰ, ŵͬ˵ȴȥҾס֮Ϣ
Ѫأ
׷, شģˡ
⻰һ㶣ڤüͷΪβ˵
˵Ǿ𣿡
ػͷһЦҿɲɵ
ڤ, ·Ҳƭ, Ǹǣ
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ֻ˭ΪʲôѪΪʲôУɽʢһҹͷŮɽ⣬ô£
ڤûиƻĻ, ֱֱ׳⡣
Цתͷ, ֻλ, ô, Ҹûشһ
ַˡ
лͻȻ, һ㶣ѣҪϢ·
صûɲлţɳ㡭
лֻ̧ۣ·
ԣЦʧ򴽣תͷǰ
ȥ˿ͷָ˷ԼְɣҪȥ˯ˡ
лŶû˵ǰֱ߽һ䷿ϴš
ڤһۣ˽ȥʡ
ûڤ֪˼
׷ʽأ׷ʳʲôںлŹϢ˽¸
ڤ˵ͷŽ˷䡣
лűŻһУսŵϣͻȻ۾ְ̧סԴάǰƣԼԼǰȥ
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ӦɻشϣѱӳԼϸǺã¶ɱ飺һúţ
лŵͷϨеĵƣת˳ȥ
лһߣƿӣ̧һŷֽڤſڣ巿ǰƿķš
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壬ҡ
ڣ̴ڤУڴڤ˲۾
ԣϽ»֣Ǭȡһֹķ󣬲תͷЩɻ󣺡ôˣ
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ԥƬ̺˵ͷֻã塣
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⻰һ㶣˵ţ˼ֲֻǸˣ𽹬ǶɽڣһƬģġ
ôܣԣ˻ǳԴףЦʲôôܺȣֻҪˣҰƤԡ㲻صģҾκ롣Щңҿɶǵá
⻰źۼһ۸ڡ
ھڤȭͷ
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΢Цֱ˵໵
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Ҳû˵߳⣬һѳڤſڷ䣬תͷԼȥȻҴææɵϣԭģԭϱӣڱ۰˯
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ᣬûвֻԼоӰԼϷʶŵƬֺ̧ɨȥͱһץס
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Ļ֪ʻϢԹϵĶమףȻ׵գһֻţ˵幼ּҴɱ䡣ɽûˣֻ뿪صѩɽȴ׷ţѩɽ֮ĴأһֱҪɱˣֶʮꡣ
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źϲռаޡʹ
Իһ
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35 
лŻг˯һҹ, ȵڶʱлѾ, Сë
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˵ţ˳ȥ
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߳УͿԺι߳ЦеҪȥѪø磬һȥڱصá
¡
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ͷܸߣȲΪ޳һܱߣԺһС̶̶ˮڷдЩˮ渡ɫ
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ڤ˵ţҡͷЦ
岻˵Ϣţо˿ʲôӡ
óһЩаоԼһһתͷһ⣬Ϣ黨Ĵڤ󣺡ĸ׸ƣɱңĸһɱ㡣
ɱ㣿
ڤЦŮɽУɽڴܵӣ˵˭ɱ㣿Ϊɱ㣿ˮ֮УĹ
˵꣬ڤ͵ǰ̧ʹ̣
彫һ˲Ʒ˲俪ңڤҪɱң
˲Ʒ˲ʧڤǰ
û뵽廹ַڤɫ΢䣬Ͽʶȥ
ƾʯͿԿ˲Ʒ󶼴ͲԶһأ˿ڣ۷ȥ
֪ûȣҲ֪Ƿ£ΨһڸϽֻۣҪ󣬾һ·
ڤ󡭡
СڤȻΪ˸Ůɱ
ۣҧǰѪڵ棬ġ
ţЩԡ
ܱ߱ѩԽԽƺҲʧȥޱ޼ʵıԭ
ԾȻͣ£ʼܡ
Ķ
˿ڣϢţн
ֻܱзѩ֮ԽĻţ˺þã˲ѩϣ
ȻͷͿлŰ£ͷڣһѳ
һѰɵĳšġ֡
Է̤ѩȥɫʮƽһ̣ͱ塣
лţŶԷߵԼǰ
֪ˡ
סشĳ嶯Լ侲
лŵ
ŶɽڴܣܵһԼĿռ䣬ռڣ߱⣬׸
ȻϢлԼ
һΣҪɱ
ʶһ㣬̿ӿͷ
˾ĬӣǿЦǲ֪ɱҰɣ
лŲԣͼ˵ɱңĸײŹ㡣
š
лӦ
֪⻰л˵ûʲô壬شѣôˣһӣ
⻰л̧ۡ
ǰˣƽȣҲϲô
Ϊǿ侲ҳȥպҾԲκǣ
ˡ
лſڣоһɾ˲ѹ£͵ذѩء
ƴȻԽѪԽࡣ
лŻ齣Ľ֮ϡ
ͬһϻ㣬ȴ޼¡
Ľһһδ˽ɱˣҵ˽Сۣ֮֮򡣡
ſң
弤ſңɱңŹ㣡
ҽ飬Ϊ֮ҵδ֮飬лŽ⻮ƤɫƽΪ֤֮·
ѪҺɽ֮˰С
ǣϽһƬһƬп



ƭ
һԹѪɫȥ庿ȡ
ſңҴˣлţſң
ҴˣҶƭģңʵңŹңŹҡ
Ȼлûͣ֡
ѩԽѩƮ£ڵŵϡ
ƽŽ·׷ɵѪ⣬ǿҹ㡣
ֱſڵ棬ֻʣһ߹ǼܣǵŮĽҲѪĹͷ
лŸϢŵˣս
۵ľˣЦлšˡ
ҪǴġΪͻᰮ㣿ȿȡ
˵ţƿЦԼ̧ͷ֪ΪʲôҪħ֪ϻһӣǸˣ˭𣿡
˵ţЦ֪ôƴΪ˭𣿹㣡ҲңԶòΪò
лû˵ͷƽȣҲںˡ
˵ţ̧÷ɾѪ
Ľջؽʣƽ뿪
⻰·Ǳ˲伤ŭԼĴŵ棬˻𣺡ԶȲˣһĹһ죬ˣʱ򡭡ҵ㣡лţҵ㣡
лûлͷʱһƽ߹ԭ
ԶȥǶ֮ķѩҲȻʧ
忴˲ʧ
ڵ棬ʶѾģˡ
ۣʲô벻ֻþȫȥΨһϣ

ʱںϻһμ
ˣۣ͵͵һͷ㱻˷֡
ӣ̫֣̫ܵۿҪץס͵һˤڵ棬ҲʱŮ߳𣺡ʲô
̧ͷһ¶ѥ彣Ů
ȥ߰ģδƯ㶿ͼתͷ˹
ſڵϣͷϻ飬Ż
ӴЦĶСӣ
˵ţֿ֣ɰġ

к֡
һΡ
ʲôҶôӣҶֻӵ㡣
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ǰţѪڵѵѪߣŬǰһ죬ͻȻоƺ쳣
Ӧ͸о·Ȼһգ͵ۣ׹¡
ʴ֮ˮӿʧ
Ȼˮûиκλᣬܿûͷ
Ƭ̣رͽѩ֮
ѩڸѪʲôû
ż¼ȵĴƣһһظңڤҪɱң
ң
ң
ɡ֮
һһУʦʦɱǰץ׷ʣԮϢȥ𣿣
æͷˣʦ㣬˺ö顣
أ
߼ȣأ
֪ҡͷҲ֪ʦ㣬ٷһ顣
̧ͷ濪ڣҸֹϢһģ
塭
ЦĬŶԷ̧֣ۿǰ
ǰ֮УŮһ£ЦпŻ
ӴЦſڣ


36 
أ
, ζ֡
վ룬۾һŨ벽ʿ, ΪȻ㡣
Ϊȡˣ
˿״̬, ת, ЩģȻһ, ֵڤ󡣡
ԵЦ, ֻһ㣿
Ҫ㣬ܲܲˡ
䣬ֽɡһת, ٷתųеĽֱɶȥ
̧һ˦һֽɡҲƬ̣ɡƿն, ֱȡ档
һԾذ׵ָ˲һֻצ, Żӭһץ浲סצֱ̧ϮԷͷһֱֻȥץĽ, ﱩ¶, һ, 鱬, ̧һƣŽصﴦֱȥ
һ˼ƿ𣬽ؽݺһͬһƬƮƮѩӯأͷеŮ¶żצۿ
˻κս״̬ģºͣβƽ볣죬ս״̬צͼԼ溬ľ綾е
һͦϲģֱ̧֣ϧŮɽ
䣬һɫѸٳŷۼɫܼ꣬Żͷֱɶ
վԭزԼоʲôڳ鳶еϧûʹ飬գûʲôߡ
ĬЩ⣬ֶ̧ʡ
һϤϢԶڷ䵽ǰɲǣһȻЩ˲顣
лŴ߲ԽЩɫƬֱǰƽǰֻԸҪġ
Ļۣ룡
˵գлȫѩĽŽǵضȥ
ܱߵضɽҡŮɽ޷֧лȫ״̬طʳлŵҲ壬һ󣬳лź˹ȥ
лŵлŵĽ⣬һʱ䣬ǽлʼղǰһɽҲûռʲôˡ
һɽڵģ˼ޣƤʼѪ
ҧȴһվһԣ۲Žء
壬ƺԼ
ʲô
ħѪΪʲôҪһֻˣΪʲô˵ģѩɽô£ǽ
һ⸡֣һԱʼ޷ǰлţ˼ţڻǿڣأͣ°ɡ
ȥǶȥ
ѽߣûκ˼ռ䡣
л˷Ľ˱ٱֻҪһ˲ʧ󣬾ͻڽ¡ѹ֮£ǰȴʼձһ侲µ״̬
ʶ˫࣬Ŀ־帡֣뵽ԼĶӣ̲ס͵رȥ
һ˲䣬ܱ߲ľһ˲㣬ӿȥ̾˿ּһɫӣӣٴظأͣ°ɡ
Ӵȥһ·εƣҲһ˲䣬лųĽ磬͵ػϣݺײɳȥˤڵϣŻһѪ
Զ˷ԶлŶ֡
ſڵϣᴭϢֳ飬˹ȥ
̧ͷɲŻ飬ҧΪʲôб̺飿
ЦЦûЩ̣Ϊһ𵤰ķˣͬ㶯֣µˣ̺Ѫѹƣ㲻ȫܵƣҲӰ졣ͨ˴˿ӦѾãȴܷչȥ۲ŽأУѪͳҲ߹󣿡
ضݺݿŻûж˵ݣϸãȥһͱлסƽѣġ
лȷһҲûɣ˵ͷֱӣƽȵһֻˣһʼ˵Ĺ£Ǽٵġûν׷ɱּңҲ͸׷ɱأôּҵװ˼ţģ
ز˵üĿʹ
״̧һӣԥᴩùǣذſڵ棺ʲô
һЩܿࡣ
˼ţɱּһˣȻŮɽΪŮʮõħѪʲôԲ´óԸģ˽ɽУ㹴е䲻źۼŴɱ
ţɽģǴ׹ڤ塣ǽɽˣ㣬ʳΪϹŴ󣬼е̰ȡħѪȴı⣬ϹŴʳΪǿͬʱ˽Ѫ
ʱҲ̰ħ̳ˣûɱ壬õħѪд塣
彫ƾͼƣɽ˦ڤʱҺлšҵõлŵΪֺҲ·ϿңҲѩɽ֮ϣͬʱ׹һ
˵ţתͷأֻͻȻֵӥѩֱʰɣ
ز˵ȨĬϣͷ˵Ĵ㣺ͨĿ飬ҰıлţΪһأҲЩڤڤĹϵڤװĽ£µȹв۵Ȼ˺ıҪıڤ󲻻̣Ӱǵ£վԶ֣ɱ塣
һ㣬תͷأΪãΪǣ屻ڤɱڤܾˣлأһɽڣúô￪ʳ˵Ϊ
ҿҩҲľơ
ؽͣ˵ͷ׹
ʱɵŤͷлţΪʲô
лŴûȡ
һ㶣𷽲źȾʱӵסӡ
ǳȻûлžȻҲƭˣ
Ƭ̣˵ʲô־²׵תͷֿأҶ´ˡ²̸һ̸󣬵ʲôħѪ
عڵ棬ͷ˵Цһǰֵ̧ڽشĶϣº͵㲻˵Ҿʿ
ң
͵̧ͷв
ɫЦעǰŮӡ
˽ţþãزţͷȥҡһҹʱ䣬ҾͰħѪ㡣
ʲô
ҡزҰѿڣҪ
ӣ
üƺȥˣ̧ͷʳѾˣҹͿҰѪֻҪһҹһҹʱ䡭
ⲻǸ
󡯣϶Ķӣʲô
ǡ˵ţ΢Һͽصĺӡ
ԣƽ̧ͷء˿̷·һ㣬㶿ŵ棺Ҳǽء
֪
ͷŮɽŮѪͳǳֻˡ
ҽԭǶ뺣УеĹ塣
ǰŮܵͣ˵ʱȥһζ뺣ʶΪѡΪңӶ뺣ˮŮɽÿնԵŮɽ꣬ʱҲ꣬ʲôֻ֪ԼÿܿģҴˮ׸ժ˺öຣϻÿ춼ˮ̶ߣû໨˵һ죬ΪŮɽŮɽ°աðպúһΡ
˵ϴ˼ǳЦ˳ǰû٣ҲŮȳǿ仯ԼҪģԱοҶ룬պһΪӢˣʱͻᰮңǾһֱһ𡣿ǰͻȻ˵һˡ
壿
³΢䣺ԣ׷ɱӵŮɽǽؾĳͷܴ󣬽زұ¶Լݣ¸ŮɽסһֱչԼݣչü꣬αݣʢ㣬ҵ壬ڱ׷ɱĹ˽𵤣һˣûʲôֻһֱ̽ءһֱƭΪΪһСΪٻŮɽÿǸˮ̶ÿһ亣ϻҵȰȰ˺öꡭ
˵ţ̲סЦʵûһҪһҾúáܺԼϲһһԲҸ֣ҿһֱɺһ죬ͻȻˮŵϢѪζ
˵ţƺĻ棬̲סץסϵѩҸϽȥҵˡͷˣȫѪӱʿĽ𵤣ţˡ
岻Żƺȫ⣬ôõˣȻ
ֻӵµݣʢȽŸȻͰһŮˡǿƣǵʱ⣬ܾˣ̲ȥǣһƣȻĽ𵤡
ΪˣӽˮһϢҰ˻ͻŮɽо綾ûн𵤣ҴӺ鵤ҩȴҲ޷ȻҾһոһգһһʧŬˣץס
˵ţһͻȻߵˮ̶ߣԱߣǰһͷˮҡʱѾǸ̫̫ˣҾ;ãرÿһ۶Ų
˵˺ö࣬ҵļ磬ȵң𣿡
˵뿴ģףôܳ
Ҳ밡ЦҲ뿴ĵʲô
ԣףּ˵ġ
ǰƣϣʵ˵ʲô塣Ҿˮ̶ߣңҸоһһ˺ü죬ף˵ˡ
ûȵҳ꣬ҲûȵӣŮֲ塣
أ
ţı̺顣
ͷ˵£û˶Ұ˺˺ϻСȻڼҳһգұӡ˵ǰһλˣβ˰ΪˡҲѧβ˰ͬǡд˼ּλΪ˰Ϊޡ
Žӣߣҹһۻһʼ𾪣ȷϽˣƢܴܿҡ
˽˵ģĪˡز˾ǼҶ룬ܿͰҡΪӣþҲƣʱʢ򴫵ķзɨأִȢңȢ죬ҷģһһ⣬ԸĶҡô˵ˣҵȻҪĴؿ
ĺడЦּ˵ģడ
ȻΪ
лſ϶
¶һ˿ãȻҲ֪ȥҼȻΪ͸ŮɽŮǱɽ°գҾͳΪҵ˶ʮ꣬ҺãȻҲ֪ҵΪʲôţΪʲô֣ÿμÿҶˮ̶ҸоҼ磬ͬ˵ʹ֪࣬ǲ
תͷлźͻһһոһգҲ֪ʲôʱǾͷֱǰЩʱգһֻӥħѪңѪо޴ʵһԸ
ʲôԸ
棬Цϣ
Ѱ취ܸ
ֻӥҲô˵ңܸҿӵ
˵ţԼӣд˼᣺ҿӵҺصĺӡұ壬ȡģ˶ֻҪ㹻
̧ͷǿȣͻһӣҺصĺӡҿ԰Ǿһŵ壬ǾҺصһץסһҹһҹʱ䣬ҾͿ԰㣬ȫᣬҰòã
û˵ǰŮӣһʱЩ̡
Աлż˽֣ãڣƭ㡣
ãȻתͷл侲ĻаĺӣҲעǸаˣͽصĺӡ
аҲҺĺӣǾǲǾǡ
ǽ𣿡
ͻȻڣһ㶣ͷԸϣΪŮɽػߣػһաԸʢһյȥһа𣿡
˵
۸ˡţô
Ѿˡ
ô죿
룬̺ݵǰ
˻֮ģԸʳΪ̺飬ͣһ壬̽һǰ㽫صѪȥһԡ
ˡ
ãȻЦǰǣδء
⻰һ㶡
̺̽̽ԡ
þúԼȡһö꣬һѪΣ飬Ѫ䵽̺ϡ
̺˿δɫȥЦҾ˵
û˵꣬âӱ̺ڶ𣬾ǳ˵꽪ȥһҹˮ̶ߵĻ档
ؿƣڣ𣿡
Һ뿴ܵģôܳ
ߣҴ𻰣βˮУ֮¡
ػ۾ں㡣
ҾͲ룬Ե޹
˵ţܵ͡
ϲ㡣
⻰˲䣬͵ۡ
ϣػ壬ȴʼƯܱߣˮ̶ã˶á
Ȼȥ̺Ҳ̺֪ʱϢס֡
뺣ϻУϻὫɣĬãת뺣С
û˶ãһ֣ΧǸӡ
ʲôأ
˿ڣԱι˽סµĻˣȡɣ
ĮȻһǸճˣû٣ȴĪЩϤ
Ƭ̣ڣء
Ȼֹ̧ۿŶԷ
㶣ЦͶ̥ˣȡ˻ûɣŮޣҪϲֻޱŮޡ
û˵꣬˲תͷߡ
קסæһ£Ұôæ֮ǰħѪҰаҲˡ
ȥ
һƬӷƷһȥϽץסƬææߣվιٻشһ⡣
ͷϴЦȴ˼䣺˵ϲǸˣʲô
ԣƬ̣ʵܡ
ǽ壿
ʢذĵ֣Ҳαһ飬ʢ
˭ַʲô¶
ƺѾȻ֣ϴЦ
˵ϴ˼ԥ»йء
Ŷ
׷ɱˣԸڸţʲô˶С˵˼פӹأӹλ߾ǺϻϽΧӹ⣬Щǵħޡ
ͷȻأ
˵ӹʵͲħ춯˸ţûнϢʱݻغϻ𽹬֮𽹬˱߾󡣡
⻰Цݲ䡣
߾󿪣ʮħ޺һƽֱֺϻ
ǰʿȫϻյϢֱӭս
ʱĸڶɽ٣λϱħȥμᣬϻֻʣһڹУƴֿ
Ȼأ
£ֹʯȫҳˡȻ𽹬׷ţΪԼֹؽ㰲ȫû뵽ֹҲɱӵŮɽԽɽ뺣ɺȥȻء
֮⣬йصģ𣿡
Цʼձϣ·ѯԼ޹ص¡
룬ֻɽ֮ǰִ˵Ҫѵ㣬һʼͽӵ˺ϻԮǡ
û
ԣڳѾ֪
ͷָָĶӣҪҰæ𣿡
ˣġɡ
˵ţתͷ˿⡣
۾Աɢȥһ·Ʈɢ
ԭήĲľɽ»ߵ׵İҲ»صԭͣͬʱĶӣҲƽȥ
һУɢعͷЩƣ
£ҿ˰ɣ
̧֣롣
ͷ̲סֿһۻеı̺飬Ƭ̣ǿڣǸðһ䡣
ţ
ĸԸ̺鲻üͷ֪λ壬Ը̺飬
˵Цڵ˼֡
ѩӶЦЦһ⼸꣬˭أ
һ㶣Ƭ̺򴽣˫ַڶ䣬Ż˸һеߵݴ뿪
תȥͷ˿ѪŻͷ
Ȼͼ곤ὣһֱĬվԱߡ
ʱŷ֣ԭܱ߷ѩѾôֻΪһֱվʼδ
͵һЦֻлţˡ
˵ţЩ֪˵ʲô˰֣Ჽǰˣ߰ɡ
˵ţ֪Щʲôб̺飬̤ŷѩǰ
лŻͷͻȻ
ͷתͿлĽ˵ú棺Ҳ֮ˡ
лĿб̺ϡ
û߹ȥ꣬кܳʱ䡣
δһǧ꣬һ꣬Ҷȥ
Цû˵þãҡҡͷлţһʱⲢ塣
ؼһ̲ڣԶҪˡ


37 
໰, ˵ú
лţŶԷ˺ǳɡ
ȻԷȴֱǰ
㡭
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ıǼͷ, ŵϺ㣬ĿԽļͷŰѩ, ůγԱȡ
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ߣ, Цˡ
⻰΢΢ۣʶ, ˵һе塣
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ϲŭİ
ԣҲʼձЦ˵ǶιʱѸõĿȫǵ˿ڡ
ڱǰһŬֻǵڰ
żеº, Ѱ˺̫, ÿ콫û, ȥ, ǰ߰ɡ
⻰֪ΪʲôоЩзĲһ˲ƺƽȥ
ЩĻ䣬ʹҲǱһ˫ḧչ
Щ֪վڶԷУð죬Цˡĺ֡
˵ţ̧лŵ֣׼˵Щʲô͸оһɴϢϷѹ
ܱߵȻͷлһק֣һԾ
վŵĵȻ̧̮ͷһճһž޴·ƲţϷ˻𣺡Ҷأ
¹
̧ͷ¶𾪱顣
Ƭ̺ƺʶˣ¹ˣȾ壬Ҵ˵ڤҪɱȻʧˣ
˵˵
ߴݽæͳԥſһԱлţǰȥҧǷҵģݲΪ֪¹˽¶һ鴫ݡ

ݵûжʱһƳŸߴȥƲ㣬ʧȥ
Ʋ֮󣬱ֹڵõƣ̧һĨڤĶԻ
ĸ׸ҵƣɱңĸһɱ㡣
ɱ㣿ڤЦӴдŮɽУɽڴܵӣ˵˭ɱ㣿Ϊɱ㣿ˮ֮УĹ
ңڤҪɱң
ȻֹŴƣۣҧز˵
ڤ󡭡
ڤ֣һֱֹϽƫһַȥġ֪ڤĲ֣뵽³ɻճһңûжơ
û뵽Ȼֵӡ
֪⴫ݳܴαװȴݣþãݲ³Ϊλᴫ㣿
ҸһŴţһԱлţС˴ұ֪ˡ¹ˣ
̧ͷǿŵļУöûҵڤҲˣ
ˣ
ݼˮ֮У
⻰˲ۣһҪ̱лۼֿ죬һѷס̲ס࿴һۡ
Ѹӿ۾ôᡭ
˵ݴƲ֣һץŻץͱˣôģ㡭

ݻûлȳɢ˲гɽǰֻ޴ֺͻм䡣
̧ͷϾ޴
ƺŲлʲôһѱסлţƺסлţҪ¹ʲôĸףҪҪ˺
лűһס̧ͷݣ¹߰Ҫң
¾ɥ֮ʹŸ㲻״Ļ˻һ졣
л俴ƺƴлţͣҡͷ󺰣¹ߣ
Ƭ̣֪лܵѯʻֻ˵
˵꣬㳷˷ʧڰա
ܱ߰лƽͷݵĻ򴽡
¹
ˡ
л̲סѣһ٣̧۾˿Աߣȷߺ˿ֱˡ
лŲ˵ƽ
Ŀ⣬̧ͷ㿴ʲô
лųƬ̣ȥСһ۾
ָʵˮ΢΢üġ
ǵȻûʶѪͱ̺غãתȥΪ꿿ɱɱ
лϢǰס֣֮УһۣЦЦû˽͵õ취㲻ɣ
лҡͷ룬ֻʣѰأ
Ѱ걾
һ٣Щ֣ʲô
Ĳ㡣
лŽͣĽϾ֮֮ʣһˣѪȻòѰ飬ȴѰϿɵġ
Ѱ൱һѱЩ죺˶ռˡ
лû˵̾˿ðգҽһطˣȸ˳·ȥá
š
˵Żһ·ɽȥ
ǵĪڳĬ֪ȥη
ⲻᣬлҲĬ
һɽʱͼնڵϺߵݡ
ǶѾָԭģڵŮɽߵݡ
ͷһۣŮɽѾȫ̮̲סҡҡͷŮûˣ
еڡ
лѣʢ򱾾ǵڹϽûŮɽӻڶ᲻ǡ
룬ͷҲǡ
˵ţɽһҿջ
лȥ̴ļ϶Ŵý˵һ֮óƬ̣ڤ䲻һȷųѪڤǱߵϢڤݱضȥֹһʱͣ
š
棺ȼѪ¶ҡ
ãͳСġ
ö˼䣬Ӵϳʶߣ룬ͷʼдţŮɽ¼һ¡
ⲻѱ壬ԼıлţŵԼħ󣬽лûкľƣžʹȵϢ
дһЩԼһҪҵĹԼĳ飬Ȼ˹ȥ
дЩعͷͿлѾ̺ô衣
ľٶʶƺܾûдˣɵЩ棺ôû
¥ʱ裬лƽͽһ
ҵ˼ǣվ棬ǰʱʱ̴̿УôԽԽ
С
лŽͣüʲô裿
š
лŴһûĽзʽôֵֹģ
Ϊ﷨򣬱ͽ顣лŻˮ飬֮ɡ̫Գ֣δ̸ѣ
°ͣ棬Ȼٳ
˵ţЩ֣ǵ꣬㻹𣿡
⻰һлŶס
ڲ̵ĽַԺŲþãŵң
δܻ֮ɣ
ġ
С¯ˮڣл΢
ΪشȻһһزȥˡ
һ㶣ˮײǣлŴˮ裬Ƹ
Ż˼ŵ˵ͷ
лԼһڲ裬˹ûѰ̡
ţʲôģˣѰ˭˭֡
֮ôħѪ
л£˾ЦֻҪõһħѪǾͺˡ
Ŷ
ѪϾһ壬ֳƬ֮ҲиӦ˳ӦȥӦþҵ
лԵͷûж˵
УȲ衣
͸Զѩɽ¹¸ŷ֣һֱůѩɽƺһӰ췿ڷֺ
˺ܾãھЩۣ˸վУ˯ˡ
лŵͷ˷䣬ڴϣ̺ҵ䣬Žڣź۾
ϰߣÿԤԼجʱ㽫ľı̺ó
л⽫ԼĲ꣬ȥϴԼϨ˵ƣŻصߡ
ûϴĬڱϣ̧ḧĳһüġ
˶ƺǳ˯ȥ˯ǰ̧һ
Ѫӻ۲ѪƬְ̧̣ס˿ڣд˸䣬ֻ̧Լϣ˿ϡ
Ѫͨٽ뻨壬һӦ࣬㽫ÿڸ̧÷һĨ˿ڱ˲ʧȥ·ʲôû
ȾѪжһлָԭŻصϡ
ʧѪЩƣ˵Ǵ¡
ճס壬̧ס֡
ֻסֱƬ̣ؿڵƺʲô
ȥû̽Ȼһ̣ʹģȥĵ
⻬壬ȵ¶ȣЩˡ
һ˲˳
Ǳ̺顣
̺о֮Ч֮ǰûҹȴˡ
ӵģã̽ȥȡȻԥƬ̺ڻͣ¡
̧ѲӵϣƽɫƬ̺룬ͷĶͷ
Ρ
˵̧꣬ס֣һץסű̺飬󣬽뻳У۾
תѪҺ
֪һУ衣
ÿնѪոһգһգĽΪܣĽΪٽӣѪĶѪҺ
ʱʧȥĶѰ飬ƣһС
ˣһѪи᲻µĹϵ
ͷӯķűֱ̺Ϣ
Ժ˯һҹ
ص٣лŵڶϦڣݳϦһԭԼлţ峿Щˡ
ڣͲϦ
һϣûȵлųȫûʶգҪȥа
ƣպݳԼͬһݳһš
ַݳһ·ŻƣţҲЩ˵顣
ȺݳãԱͻȻŮ̻
ԣЦŻͷ̻Ȼըʢ̻ɺƻ֮䣬ͿһյһĵƣվڲԶ
ⷲ룬һ˾ѩͷĿһɲԼмһ˿š
Ȼܿ·ֻ·һ㣬˵ͷת뿪
յһ˵Ⱥȥ̣ûס󺰳ιлš
סӣ̽ţһ𣿡
þãżɬڣˣҵûȥ
˵ţᲽ뿪
ıӰ֪ôģмֲ̣ͷһԱݳæݳ䵽ˡĶҴȥлˡ
ãݳͷЩ
ڰ֣׷ǰƵ̧꣬һģлš
лžȻͷЦ첻аϦҹ¡
ء
ߣһקȺдҸղȥһԲɺóˣҴȥ
лŽŴȺ
Բ̣£ϰ壺ϰ壬һ֥ڵġ
Ӵϰ忴лţʱЦӣҷž˵ˣһ룬ôòһ룬ϧ
⻰лŲ֪Ϊ΢죬ߣһסæʲôѽһߡ
лűţ˲ããڻ
ϰԲӣ·һһ㣺Թ𣿡
лŵͷԲ°Ϳ
úÿƽָ߸ϵ˿̳ԲһЩ
ţлû̧ͷԲ˸ɾЦòóԣ
лŵͷ̫ˣȥɡ
кöء
ǮӣקȺС
лţѽʲôȱ֣ģΨһȱģš
㡣
лܵ
ɲÿˣһͷʱҿЦʲôУһϣһͷͿվ󡣡
лתͷд˼
֪Ҳһ䡣
лŲ˵ƽ۾
̻ٴը˲䣬̻
˵š
κƽʱЩ㱡
ʱȥ̫ã֪Ǽ٣һšģμӵġ
Ҳûתͷ˿⣬лŲ֪ȥСſڴǰɹ̫
ųһڴϣоЩãȻ
²лӦȥֱħѪͳֻ̧һѰ﷨ħѪ·ħѪѸٿʼתлŽʱħѪպͣ¡
ָŵķ򣬻Щ죺ɡ
Զ
лŹǰŻ
ħѪüͷܰ
˵꣬ؿͻȻһķʱѡ
㣬æˣ
˵ţӴֱ˳ȥһСף뿪
лſǰԲƬ̺󣬶Բϻ
һͷͿлﻹ˸룬֪˾ƢˣҲ˵Сϳ֣ң
лҡͷҭš
Ҳᣡ
֣лŶ緹ȥе㲻̫棬ȻԷƬ̣˱嵽˳ǽ֡
ֻ䡱һ죬պÿһ俪
ͣ׻û˵ͿһԲ͵ǰ
һҭлƽȳԷȥˡ
ôһ˲䣬ֱþ͵ش˸
żϽԲԸлţȥ
лŵͷ˹ǰڵͷʱͷŷķһۡ
⽣۶ȥԶѾлţϽܣ
˵꣬͸оԶ˺þȫҵ˲ʧ
һԲûȥҭڵ
⹷ܵҲ̫ˡ


38 
˺²ͬ
ģЫĳ, ǸֱƢ˵װס
л⻹û, ʹܵøɸɾ, ϴл˪Ӱ
л˪, οʦлţ
Բȥ, һһС, ߵԱߡ
ʢСʿ, ֮ǰʱ, ǴʢһȺΧܳһ
û뵽ôЧ, ټСʿѾû֮ǰӣŸȥˡ
һ, ȷ˵ú, תͷлţҪס̧ջɣ
˵, һԲ
лתͷֻƽΪҪȣ
⻰ѻˡ
, лһֱǸµֻҪĲƽ֮£һ㶼һܡ
˵ڵ, ô, , лžȻΪҪȡ
Ƭ̣лҲʧԣתͷ֪ϸ鷳
ģЦѲԵ޹׷һڵӣϿ϶ʲô˶ˣںչһ
˵ţС׽йȥ
лźܶ£̧סĶԼȥСϡ
ȥԱС˼ҽݸ󣬵ȵڶգڿ
ˣϽлչȥ
һ㶣Щȣǰ
ˣЦúǲãȥòˮԱлֱȡͷ衣
һգ˸ӣתͷר־˵
㻹ðɣ
ԣоһϵͷѾ࣬лǰȡ
ô£Ȼһ£ǵ𽹬ˣ
⻰̾˿ԱлŰˮݸЩΣ¶ȫᡣ
ô˵
棬˿ˮԱлŵлƬ̣Żڣ׷ңΪΪħѪ
⻰лŶһۣҲ̫֡
Цӻȡһ
ֽӹϸ۲졣
ȷħѪħϢ̧ۿⲻħѪô˵Ϊ
֪ҡͷⲻħѪǸƷ
Ʒ
죬ȻԼƷ
ţʵʢ֮ǰұȥһ£Դڰǰڱݹ⾵
ݹ⾵˼ţǸ˵УյʲôܿǸȥݹ⾵
ǣͷ˼Ϊ͵ݹ⾵ŪһƷСƷû취׷ݹȥģԺܿ챻ڷ֣ɵ׷׷˰£ѣһʦ֪ʲôʱһ棬Ҳʲô֮ʵΪߣ˼룬ͱ쳣鷳
θ鷳
Ȥַ̧ǿգửЩȫ׵ϻֻǵǹˣʱửǣǶ棻ʱửһţ򿪾Ƿأʱửһ꣬µӡ
⡭е˼
ЩҲͰˣΣɳ뻭У쳣ץÿβץˣͽ˻⻭ˣ˻ݹ⾵ϣҲһˡֻܿڻԳԺȺȣڻоһӣȻԼӲע⣬ͻˡ
óǱλʦƵÿˡ
Ǻأ
պʢ£ұԸ¹ˡ˭ұץͻȻ˦ⶫңȻûã𽹬˾׷ôͶ
Ѷǰ棬ǸƷ
ȻǸƷĿǰ⻭ʦΨһõĶ˼·ÿȥ׷ˡ϶ǰͬŶ˦ˣҲû׷ϣݹ⾵ͻزˡ
⻰˵ͷ˵úе
üģ룬峿ԼǿħѪ鿴ĽͻȻ͡
峿ħѪƬѰƬķ򣬽ħѪָ˺ϻϽķ
ⱾҲûʲôǣٶ㡣
Ҳ˵ϻٶѪ
ħǰѪɿȥôҲſܰɣһѪҲͱƴЩֳܷٶ飿
ȻĻ˽͡ʦħѪѪģٶƷЩƷħѪϢӦҲ
ͷĿѪϣ˼Ƭ̺ڵƵѣһ֮롣
ǰԡ
Ƶѣһȥ׷λʦ
⻰лתͷ˹㶣ЦҲѣΪħѪڶԴزȤǲǺѪƵݹ⾵Σ
⻰ЩɣлŴŻеѪ˵Щʲôջǰȥ
ֱ˵
ǬǶС
ԱãڵǰңжȻǰҪ粻ǱһץӰ
˵ţ̧ͷЦλǰմ
ҽлҡ
Ƭ̣лŽӹɷ򣬵⡣
һ⻰ʱۣ𾪿ˣƬ̺ŵͷԭǻһž˳ƺϾ
λڣͷˡ
ͷ´Ƭ̣Ϣȥ׼һ£ùǱ·Ʒ㲻ɣ
Ȼ⡣
Ц
ڳҲãҲûʲô취
ãվϢ
˵ţл߳ȥƷȥҽݿͷл߽֣ҵ
лǰס֣ȻѾϰȥͷһ̣滭ŷ߶ţȻȥСţ岻ã޶ʺϡ
С
лſڣ̲סͷһۣΪ죺ڴôʲôУ
⣬лŽͣܵȫЩ
ǲȫǮ
̲Уͷŷ֮ǰѪѪƷˡ
Ʒڲ̷дתûƬָ̣һ
Цˡ
лͷ¶ЦݣҲ̲ס΢䡣
룬𷽲ֹĻԥʲô
ţ
Ťͷʲôʱԥ
ƺҵʱ򡣡
ѣŶΪĹأ˺ϻͲٽԭĵˡ
ԣл΢΢üһֱôҡ
ΪݸߣΪߣ˵ϻ˭ҲĽ㵱ɺϻˡ
˵ģһѰǵĲ̣ȥ
л󣬼׷ʣģǵʲô
ҵĳƺŤͷϴ˼͵Ҵپ
лɫЦἸ֣˵ͷš
һӦһûϸƷлű֣ȡѰǡϣһֶѰǣһ߳⡣
ǬȡһʳСȥ񳵱ˣлȥðһЩ
ƺôⷲϸѡһѻ󣬲ŴŻȥ
Ѿ׼ãһ𰲾˸緹Ѱһȥ
˻ҡͷô˼
˵ţָָ泵ܣҼݳͺãλǰúϢ
˻
ͷȴݾܾӦ档
⻰˼ŶԷɵʧЦͷаɣ㡣
˵ţлŲ˽˳ᣬл˸磬棬ȴǡ
λϣһֱЦлŵͷ裬ƽͣ˵ʲô˳
ҲǸˣ;˼תͷյлǰãе㣿
лŶһ٣룬˻ȥϸĥҲǺƢáһһӣǺǰ
лû˵ͷŴɱеĲ衣
þãڣġ
κˣġ
˰ǸƷָ죬Ʒָȶ
˿дšޱ߳ǡĳң˿ˡ
˵ͷͬʮֽƻʮգλǲҪץ͸ˡ
Ҷ֡л̧ۿ
ҡͷʦ˶ɽڣԹʮֽƻ׵֡
лųĬɱ˻ףҪ׽мܵķͶˡ
Ĺǣͷ޷ȹȥ
װ˳ǣ˳ƷѪָһ䵱̣պÿһŮǮ߸˴ӵ߳

һѾ˳ѹӦǻƷǮˡ
˵֮ǰٶħѪǮġ
ᣬ˵ͷȸš
ĸڹ󣬸֮˿Ѵ󷽷һ˻֦չĵطһ̧סѵ֣һʯԷ¥
վڽֱпŹӰʧüͷô죿
᲻ˣײǡ˼ţһ׵İ취
ʲô취档
һЩ˼Աлһۡ
лûзӦŲԶСĹݣڹ۲ʲô
ǿһÿ˹ӽҩлŲԼֻͷ˵Լļƻ֮󣬾ֱץ·ˡ
ƻ΢΢ü⡭ǲе㡭䣿
Բμƻ
Ϊѣ̵ҰˣͰݹ⾵Ū㡣
Уû룬Ȼһ£ûал¶ĵµȷûиõİ취ֻǡ
ţ֮ǰҡ
Ҫɳ˲㡣
̽ǣתͷһһֱվûзӦлţ˼
лתͷ˹
Ŀԣգգۣлüͷ΢塣
ƺǲףߵǰ̧Ϊƽؿڵ壬ͷһӢۣΣлţ𣿡


39 
лû˵
޽ٵ, һ˲һμʦߵģ
һֱܽţһ֣͵ǰ, ŶԷҸٺÿҲ
⻰, գգ, ЩίǡҺһвУ
, һھܾ, ֻܺ˵˵
ǡ
˵
⻰, һ, Ƭ̺ǲˣ˰ֵðɺð, ȥԷ, ҲŲ, ǳúÿʲô˲𡣡
˵, Ť뿪, лźͻں, лųƬ, ѣͬʦ˵, ᲻ˡ
Ҫ, ҾͲˡ
̻شлŲ⣺ΪΣ
Ұϣ˭ȾָƳһۣʦҲС
, ˭Ⱦָ
֪ǹȥ, ǰ
ԼЩãȻ, ʼչš
ĬŶԷڴۣһ仰˵
лųĬĪЩ飬ƢתͷҪȻȥû᣿
ȥɡ
лͻȻһͷȿԸ⣿
һȥ
л̧󣬸һ¡
ð
Ӧ֪һзִ磬ʲô̫Ѵ⣬ҲѣϽȽȥܸҩã˵ţһҩлţҪ̫ûлᣬǡ
ǰֻҪסɢעóһֽܣﻹһЩҩҪûǰעܳɹ
š
лŵͷǬУתȥ߰ɡ
ЩСеСĹݣֱСĹݡ
ʱպÿܹŹ¥ߣʶִһ̽㿴Ժ׼һȺ߹ҪӴͲõ
ȥԺ
˳лţԺߡ
˺Ժ˸ץһˣ·ϣȻϢ϶飬һѷ䡣
лŻСĵ·ϴɴһʦлȻ˱仯¹ѷֻ֣һ˹ȥСˣ˽ȥ͵ſڣʱ
˸Էֹ˹ѷſڣܹţͷ߽С
бУںԱ˵˹һأŤͷ̧̧֣ɡ
Ѵˣ¥ҹĺûܹ˵ǰȥڹԱߣͷͬ˵ɴժˣ̧ͷ
⻰лͬһժɴ̧ͷ
䣬̧ͷһɲǣ˲䶼ѹȥ
Ŀֱ㶿ȥܹҲһ£˵ʲôͿֱӣлţãȻһЦ̧һ㣺
ܹ㶣һƷʯӳЦųл֣ˣ
ŹΪζ΢΢ü
ܾǰмϤȴֲȷϡ
ԱܹܼʯһʱҲ˲ϽץʯлѰ˰֣Ըȥˣȥˡ
ǣܹæ˽ҹÿġ
˵ţܹܱ˳ȥɨܱһۣԱʦʼ٣˳
ߴлź͹ڵλ˽磬ֻܿǶȴ˵ҿ̫ԣֻһۣ㿪ʼ۲нṹ
лԱߣбһԣ´󷽷ЦеӺÿģȴȤǸչ𣿡
лŲ˵ͷΪβ˵
˵ţֱлţû˽̹ҪôŮ˻𣿡
лŶһ٣̧ۡ
ѿ̾˿̲סпƤңǿϧ
˵ţָ̧лŵݣѹû𣬴ֻҪº쳾λӣѽָԱˣҪ˶ȵԼ˿ڣŻΪ֮Ķڡ
л˳Źָķ򿴹ȥͼ̤裬˵ǳ//Цݽ/Ϊֺãûа㹥ԣø⹴ˡ
л濴ŶԷֽ̧ʯһһѡ
ЦݶʢÿһչʾԼȣȻһһ¡
лһԱ߻ԷҲڿλˣźۼջĿ⣬мһһȴˡ
ֱһ˸ʯŽͣסˣһطѡ
˸Ͻݵлתͷлţ𣿡
лջĿ⣬Ӧ
ѶƱ̲סЦ⻹ѧ᣿
ɫˣɫ/ǻġлƽ
Ƥңд˼ּʲô˻ĵأ
лתۿȥѻžƱ˵ģ飬ƫҪλãľګȤ˵ǰ׿ˮӵɫ/ˣʲôֵһŮϲ
ϲϲлŶϾƱһڣС
Ŷ
ЦȻҺ̸ϲ
лŶһ١
ԷͻȻ֣л̧һץסԷ󣬹ȴ·Ǳ˳һлʶˣȴһѹסյǰ𣿡
лŶסѺһָľ룬ж֪˿˽һ𣬹ͷƢ㲻֪һͷһ𣿡
лŲþãɬҲ⡣
Ŷ
Цظһ飺⣿
˵ֻңֻҪߣֻҪֻҪһ޶лظŵ˵ûҲԡ
һ㶡
ߵ·Ҷߡ
ܽܵҶܽܡ
⣬Ҳûϵлᣬҿһֱȡ
лţüͷǿ󡣡
ǵ꣬л̧ۿŹѣҲǿ𣿡
ʦ㣬лɫݣ·Ѱ֮һѳ֮·ֻǰ·һѡ
ʹࡣ
һһѭŹȥĽӡȥꡣ
飬䰮ޡ
᲻Ϊʲô֮һԾ£Ҳ޷ΪͰ·һ顣
ĵ׷Ѱ
ֺδ֮أ
ΪʲôӣǰλǰĹˣҪ֮磿
ܻȥô֮ѩ֮г
лţüϲ㣬޷һ޶ǿߣֻΪʣϲֻһ˺ʡ
ǾϽһ˺ʡ
л˵ƽһ㶡
Ƭ̺ƾЦ⻰ͬ˵𣿡
˵벻˵лǲ⣬кβͬأ
ҡͷƺ˵ʲôȻһɲ͵زԣϣǱԵӳһһԾ룡
л׼죬һקסѣһ뻭
˦һŻҳȥǰһֻޣһץסβͣһܣ
޳Żڷȥлű⧲һ㱻ק뻭С
лŽȳлţ
˵ţͬԱ߳һ˹ȥץŻץסлţһһ뻭У
ֱקų⸱ٹҹͼѻͷһˣʱһһǰޣȥ
޵ͷŻһҧ˹л˲֣ͷһ̻һ⣬ҹеİٹ˽ȥ
ߣſлֱ׷ȥлüͷ
˵׷Źѳٹ֮С
лź󣬹ѳǷлһʱ֮䣬˳˳лų磬ն
˳·һ·ǰܲƬ̣㱻һקϣ͵һȵҿ㡭
û˵꣬Ѽͷ£¶ϻŵĺϻ
һ㶣ҲƬ̣һڻϣӦ̧һƺ˹ȥ
ѼиӲӣֻܲһѹס֣ˣ
ûɫֽ̧һʣ˳ƶϡ
ѲԽԽҧҧͳһŻؿһƻȥ
һϤϢ͵۾ֻѪҺĿڴ˲ʹ
һɣѳûͳһŻһԾȥ˻лţ
һϮ˲ǰŹѾԾ뻭С
һһѷס˶ڶѪҺţʹתҰҧһûС
ôˣ
˵̴Ƭ̺ɫ䣺Ƕˡ
ԣ̧ۣͷֻȴȥ
ѦҰѦӵ
һ٣Щѿңȸˡ
˵ţѸٷסᱧǰһţᲽ߳ȥ
ȥԭǸСĹݣ˵ѦӵŻٳţӳʯҪ˸᷿㼱˽ȥ
ţϿʼ˶ڴ㡭ô
ϢһҾ֪ҪˡѦӵٽţŵϣ½ħѪһãӿ㶾ҲԸ˹ݲʣݺãңѦӵһۻ˼ֳ˵лžˣ뿴һǲҪΡ
У۵ЩãȻ̧ͷԺ
ʵѦӵġ
롣
Ͼξȴʼ
֮ģҲãǿǷ
Ϊ͵͵ˣӵȥҩҽమ嶩ֿһֱҽߵݼ֡
˵μħҩڳҲ֡
ޱ߼ʣѦӵһ߿ţڴϣ½硣
ͷؿ룬ؿһѾ˺ɫȹȥࡣ
Ѧӵƽ˭㻻Ѫ
ʲʲô
Ѧӵʩ룬ǶЩԺ˵ʲô
Ѧӵһۣ֪Ҳʲʲôͷ潫شؿڱƳҩϺҩŴŶµĻƬ̣ڻϴ
֣֮УתС󣬻Ϻɢ
۾Ѧӵ̴ܱӴϷ£ָֻ֮ǰŵģЩƣ򿪴š
һţͿлվſڡ
ὣ
紵л䣺ʲô
Ѧӵ¶飬ǲŷӦæǰڻˣŻƺ˶ķϣ˰ζ²ŵ˰ȡ
⻰лɫֻظһ飺ķϣ
ͷЩΣлǰķ콣֮й콣ķķĽҪɰһ
˵ţͷһ۷䣬ֻ˶ΰγգܶﻨǰ
˸񣺡¡


40 
лŲ˵, ǰˡ
ʵ˵ûʱȷмơ
ͬ޵Ϊ, ͬǽ, ͬʦŽ̵ԳǿΪ, ȵл, º, ̸, ϲ
, Ȼ˵뻨, ϣ
ĪЩЦȴ֪ԼЦʲô
ƺʲôû˸, Ҫ˵ʲô, ֻǰ͵ײϣԱ, Ĳϡ
ٳһ, лƽ, ˵úܵ, Ҿɱ㡣
Ǿ㶣¶ãȻǰ඾ӡ, αζ
˵, ǰʿģ, ¸, Ӧңβ֣ڲ˰ɣ
лû˵šı顣
ЦҶ콣ķҲԣĽֱ˽ţǰӦ˽飬ֻǵҶһǰɷģң˵ţϴ˼֣أұ໤޶ġ
˵꣬ɻţǰҿ𣿡
лûг˵ĲԺлһҹĲҽС
оһĪĳ嶯Ϳ⣬ϵͲסҪȥ
Ҳһ̣ڻ𣺡лţ
һȻл͵طӦʶԼʲô΢΢
Ѧӵлŵɫ仯̧סлųŲЦ񣺡᷿Ѿ£農һҹŲطиǡ
˵ţҲûл˵߿
лվſڣŵذϵʯ˺þã̧ۣǰţ𳤽Ჽ˽ȥ
ߵߣ˯š
ǡϢҲµĺۼл̲סһһ翴ִϣԼ©ؿڻʩµӡǡ
ѾȶСİ
ˣ۾Լŵһɺ㣬ɳƳлţ
ҡ
л̧֣ͷЩ壬׷ʣأ
ץˣлƽͣȺúҪЩ
⻰ֳ˯˹ȥ
лſɫȣֻ̧򵥼壬еȷٻط
ЩأҲζ߱Ľ
ʱһʱӵһҪ߹Ľ𵤡
棬ϵ̲ס
Ժ̲ס͹ŷйģ
˵񣬻ϲĵ㣬ҲӵУ
ϣΪȡ
Ҫǣ٣һŰֽûЩҹ
ûѹûģͻйʼֽ
޼ɵ˵ϲлŲܣΪһԼڣܾǾߵضûС
˵öԣлŲΨһʺϵˡ
ߣѾƴ׷
л΢΢̲ס˱˫ֽϣ
ϵ¶ȳΪΨһο壬ǾԶ
񻹻ԼԼĻþ׾ʧ⧲ѡ
ɻҷʱôŬ޷

ͷ䣬Ϣű۾
ϸϸЩ̿֡ʹࡢʡԹһж衣
ҵ֮е۲ҵ֮ʹա
޴Ž⣬޿κΣֻܴһ·Ƕ¡
ǹüģԸʶֻΪ
ǹ˫ۣԸֻ
ǹǣԸֻŹĺ㡣
ǹᴽԸֻлš
гƽ·ҵһ֮;أ̲סץסͷͷ
٣૽֡
лǵеһԣʮָ˿ѪҺת壬Ӷ˴һС
ġ
һ̣ҵһ־Υİġ
ɫڣѪڡ
һж裬һУ

֡

*** ***
Ժ˯һҹȵڶлҩιҩ
ۣлƽڣˣ
ãȻлţлŴҩͬͣҹжʱȶҵ㳹װ֮󣬱˸ջס
أ
׷ʣлŶһ٣룬ƽȥˣܿ
⻰ͷҪ¶Ķ
Ұ˻ûѣҩһֱҩȫɢһʱѲˡ
ҩѦӵģѦӵҩԵһҪӲԵͷҲ
ͷ˼ţлŴҩ׾͵ߣȰҸǣԡ
һ㶣ЦĶô
˵ţùһڸ֣꣬ҵ㡭
û˵꣬лž͸˿ǡ
ζӣۣлŶˮ
ˮڿǻʱʶԼͷԼ˵ʹ
ü̲סҹЩʲô
ţл̧ۣס
ַ̧ס˼ţͷۡ
лŶ΢Ƭ̺ŤͷƽǶɡ
⻰ǲŵģǶʲôЧлˡ
лŹҲףҲûʣֻһн
лŵͷҩ룬׼ʱƬֻ̣ѻǺߡ
ð죬ڣ֪
ҹ·ͷǶϻʱ֪ݡ
ѣߡ
ƺѶӦߣһʼ֣͸ʶġ
ܵʦ㣬һְִֽУͬ죬֪ϲлű˵Զɶ뺣ġˡΣսŰܣȴڸģպϻһս㳹ʧҲʦ㡪ߡ
뵽ʶҲлŵĹˣ𣬵ŲߣӦϢ
룬ؾᣬ赭дϻ֪֮٣ϻ¶꣬ԲЩ
Ϊβ֪٣
ʼ磬֮˾ˣҲ֪
лſŻۣ˫û˵ʵ
ֻǵˣôܵʦ㣬֪ϲ˾ǧˡε׷ʦ׵һˣô
˵лҲû׷ʣֻЩʲô
Уûйעͣ˻֣йл
лŴþãӦһá
Уҹ顣
ȻѦӵȻߡ
۾һ󣬾ű򿪣˸
һ̧֣ž͹ϣڴϣЦеװ
ⲻ˼𣿡
Ѧӵ˵ֱ˹ߵߣԼ˲裺лѽܵҲˣɱֲɱӣǿ
˵ʲôˣ
ɫ䵭ѦӵģҾǺ˵ϵĶ÷
д˼־棬ЩһܱƳƭʲô
׽׽ѦӵϣллߣһŶ˷ÿһȴЦŵ˳ı顣
һαƳڡ⣬ټ
ٳѦӵŲ豭Цеôˣ
ǲһһֻۣѰȲ֮ȥ
ȥѦӵ豭ôãλл˵Щһ˵ţѦӵ̧ͷ۾д˼ӣ޵Ľ
˵ˣѦӵֱ⣬Ǹ߹㣬úôҩڣ±𣿡
ҩڣܵ
ѦӵЦһ綢ˣħѪһ¾׷ɱұֻǲæģҰ¡˵ݹ⾵ԣ֪϶ҸϵڣݳСӣ׷׷һ·ɱ˵ʦ㣬Ѧӵɫÿ̫ץˡ
Ҫݹ⾵ʲôףѦӵɫ΢ҲЩ꣬һֱ׷
֣ɫÿ

ҲǵΨһغϻ׿ڳϹҲ˵Ҫ׵ɡ
һλɢޣҰһ
ֲŮɫ˫֮ʢͬϻ˴˶ģܲλɾ
һȥһ꣬ȻغϻʱѾ˴˻
ǵվһǺߵһζ¶ɬı飬֧֧ͬкˡ
ʱովлţ´ֻ̼ʱɻ飬ˣʦҸˣʶõģлźöˣ
˵ţ߻ͷվ꣬Цݣǰɣ
ߵЦݣЩŰ
˵ǻţ˭Ҳû
Ѧӵ˿ڲ裺ˣɺǲŵģôһֱңҲݹ⾵ҲΪ˴¡͵ݹ⾵׷û뵽һ·ϻϽȥˣ··ŮɽҰ˸ˣպ˵ڣ͹㡣
Ѧӵ̧ͷЦЦû뵽͸ҷûôá
ҵֱӰˣЦȶСʿöˡ
ұȣѦӵԴŷǸлŵء
úõģô
ΣѦӵһۣ˵أ
˳Ĭָ֪ʲô
ȥҩҩǻûһʱͬ˵лŵ¡
ȺһѦӵһ̣Ѿ԰ö꣬лվǽġ
ЩĪ
Ѧӵɫûвվˣߣ㡣
ͷ˵Ѧӵߵſڣ룬̲סûǼ¡
Ҫûз¡
Ѧӵ
ѦӵЩѹҾʣģֻѸˡûʲôлš
ѦӵЦһ鷳ҵ£ˡ
˵꣬Ѧӵϴ򿪴ţ߳⡣
лŶڳȣ˽磬ûп
ѦӵлţְڳӦеĹЦ񣺡ǰ
лŵͷʳ̴߹
ŶѦӵתͷлţѣǰȵڣͿ׼һ嶾ˣʱҹǰи㡣
ʲô㣿
л̧ۣǲס
ѦӵͷϴЩɬתʱڣվ㣬ǰӡ
л⻰
һ˲䣬Ժѩɽ֮ϣĺ
ûԥƲסԼ
ͷޱѪȾ޹Ӵ
ǰ꣬þãԼŲĿ⣬Ӧһš
ƽ˽ȥ
ʱڷ
ʵûѦӵˣֿͲٳϯκιϣҲûټ档
Ÿֲ꣬Ҳκ
лˣҲˡ
лߵߣ˵ҹΪƶұӡ
Ŷ
⻰Ѧӵ˼
ⶾǲл֪ģлڣƳлŻ
лʼ֮ˣף֪Щʲô
аЦϲԣֻͷڸڵŰɣͬˣҹһνؾꡣ
ԡ
л˵ţ˼ţأԱĶشųҿһ㣬֮磬ҵٿأء
αô鷳
ЦŴͷͽһΣҲʲô£¶ͷ㡣
лû˵Ż
ûëȻ˵٣ȴǼƭˡ
ֻ˵ʱ⡣
ȻˣȻģ
ⲻͨĶѦӵĶöһҪС˼ɼ֣лóȻ
Ҳ֪
˾Ĭţãлֻʣɣ
鷳
ⲻ鷳лǿ˵ţǰ˴գ뻨ܽĿƽд˼ֲݷɻ飬ɷѾˣ
֮
ݣĽԶκ˶ʣΪʲôҪأ
δǰչֹǿҵѹȸУһֻǵޣ
̲סֱӣĿ⽻ӡ
ϲκͼͷĸܣʹ˻ȥ
ˣ·ĵߣϢĿɱ
֮䣬лž
ȴԽѹѪڡ
ǰȥûаϲŭֻһѷúȻʵĳһˣ֪ΪʲôΥĳصĿ
ǰ˵ޱʶ
Ѿһˡ
ǳɻʱڣʣպ֮䡣
ǷҲӵʱ򲻻о˶ռûҲƺԸС
һѩдżϲ᲻á
ɽۡ˾ĸɽ
ֻקݺҽ쳾ڹâ˰쵵ɫ
ͷй¶֣Ϣ˴
лſ˺Ŀ΢̲ס̧۽ǣǼ⣬ᴽָǴĳصдĵطһƬ顣
һŵЩͳǱʯĥ˿񻮹ƻģʲôԸġ
ܸģܸġ
ֻҪҪлŶܸ
ֻҪҪ


41 
Ļĳ, û˲侪ѡ
ЩԼŲҲЩлžȻ˵ֻ
̽ȥԱߵˮźۼ㿪Ĵ, Ц, ҪѾͬ˵ħ֮λѺǸм
˵, ˮһ, ŤͷԱߵˣЩ, ˯һҪȴ
лĻ, ̧ۡ
ûа, Լо˵ʲô, ֮ǰ, ǰ, Ǹۻ·, 赭дǾ仰, 㲻˵
лŲ, Ĭ
Ƭ̺, ѯʣ˾Ϳԣ
ֻǾûʲôϵˡ
л˵
ʵһ, ڿǰ, 뿪ǰҹӵĻ
Һʦĺû, ˵, ծǷ, ֻ˵ǰִȻԸʲôҪɲŻ¡
ʵ⻰Ҫ˵Ҳ֪
ˮˣϲκ˾
壬һζǿбֻͽ
ϲȥ콣ڣͻָգҪлš
ûС
ⳡ£ͷĻᣬһʼǿ
ΨһĻᡣ
侲վֻϢɡ
棬
ȥų˿ڴϣŷı仯̲סЩơ
žȻл˼
ˣԲġ
һ˳̫ã˭¶һ
˶ģٶ룬ɻشϣͷ
лſ㰸ϵ¯һֱȵҹʹ
лǰʱˣҷ𣿡
лŻ̧ͷſڡ
ѣųһ¡
˵ţŶǣԼ
תͷһۣлɫУûаҪߵļ
Ƭ̣̲סȥڰɡ
лŲɻ󣺡лţ
лŴŵԼӰӡ
ӰģԼֻܿһΡ
Ӱ˵Ӱӣ˺ڰŤģ
źӰѱ۾
ãСվߵ⣬򿪴ţѾſڡ
ţ̧ͷЦЦлǰ
лŶþãֻѣ㵱پ
û뵽˵⻰Ѧӵһ㶣лŴ뿪߽ڷ
ſյĳȣѦӵ룬ŷӦл˵ʲôЦ
תͷݣϷţϽ磬ߵߡ
ڴ̫ѨѦӵһۣѯʣͷۣ
˯ˡ
֣ͣӴϣƽɡ
֪ͬ˵ʲô
Ѧӵ˵Żڻǰһſ
ûϸǸղŶԻлҲ˵ʲô׵ģֻʲô
˵Ѧӵ̧ͷЦҪҽپ
⻰ЩΣ룬ֻȷҲҵپ
Ѧӵԣɫ΢ҡҡͷ㵱ġ
úÿȻ͹

Ѧӵ棬Ҷ˵ǬзһƿҩݸϹأҿԽĶѪҺųʱʼ֮УһڶֻѪнЩµĶûбħѪʹࡣʱʹҩȥУЩ
ȥҲۡ
ʵӹҩƿȴԹѦӵЦЦֲûԹжۣ
ˡ
ҩһ£ƽֲɵӡ
ѦӵɫĿؿڵϣиֳѹ
ɳƿڣߵһֵ𣿡
ĻҩЧЩ塣
ֻźϣԼƺڽ
ʼܱߣ˵Ųζ
иоľ۾һְѰ˯״̬
Լ֯ξξһƬԭϰߡ
һֱϻףΪʲô֮糣ѩ
Ϊֺֻ֮У˲̶ȱſ˼ݰ
£оס
ʹһһӿξѩ֮Уҧء
̡
Լ̣͹ȥˡ
ڼµУл泯Żķ򣬱СףŰǽ
ǰһŷɶ˻ͼ߹ǽ棬ǽǡĽ磬Ǹ
쳣Сſϥͷһһëɪɪ
ûһԱͻȻأأ
ⲻͣġءлûлͷָֻ̧ϵĻſһʵʵžŮ˲ӻй
ڵƴŤлһ̧֣ľԼƮ䵽档
ܳ˲л⣿ץ˾ץˣʲô
ܡ
лŽ͡
Ҳܶ찡
̫
ߣ
仰ʹŤͷ˵ûˣƤң꣬ʦϹۣôܿ㣿
л֪飬۲̸
һۣŤȥſڵһתͷ˼ֵģʦôˣ
ȻʦãΪ´˺֣
лûۣ򴽣ֻµġ
ΪΣ
Ѧ߼Ҫѿڶּ֣ǸСʿҽ
¶
л⻰ڣ߾һ㶡
ãȻһ¶
ԣлüµģ
ߴƬ̣Щѿ
û¶ɬֻǡһħѪ
лף߲֪ʲôɫЩףӦǣԼǰĶˡ
ҽһֱڸѪлƽȣûôѪһλ꣬Ҳ˴룬ǾɶӦûд󰭡
˵˼ʲô
һЦƶţ
š
Ǵ󷽰ֻйŮ½ڣǹ߻𡭡
ߣлŻͷ˼־棬ԡ
˵Ĳʵ𣿡
Ц֪Ƭ̣ʶһ˲ѣһ
ĴϢʹ̲סżȻġ
Щ֯һлſߵ˲
߹۲ı飬üɱˣ
лŲ˵
˶֪ʵκʹɱ¾ʲôûѧᡣ
ʬɥѣʹʧֿʱƽ
ڸһ·ϣʹ࣬޴ʱѪο塣
Ӷʮһ꣬һоɥһ̿ʼ˽̹
ʮһǰֽһУΨһʻ꣬Եֵ֮ѩ˪
ֻ岻ͬ
ǻɱ֮ˣԻͼı죬Ŷ˵ˡ£Ǽٵġ
޶г
ɱ壬֮С
ʲô
ڵӣǿ鼱֮¾ˣôͷ
ʲô㣬ɱֻܸǱ˩סޡ
ɫ仯ЦſڣҪҪҰ㣿
лŶʲô
ϣֱ߳°ͣӡ
⻰лϲ
˫һϣǻ·ˣȻҲ֡
߼Ĭϣд˼գҿ԰ӡʹʱĲϢξô
ΪҪȥΣ
лƽߵһۣɸ֣βһӽĵĵط㲻ȥô֪ô룿
ν߲лſڣü⻰ƭҿԣƭԼ𣿶ң㲻˵Ҫ߹·𣿵ΣΣкβɣ
ңڸڣȴܿһҪɣȻʲô
ǳڹʲô˭
ĺߡ
лſ϶ڣɫһͿл̧ۿΪҪߣ
ռ֪ûʲôʵʵ˵ЩҵøˡҪɹˣŪףȻ
˲ԣ
룬˵лţֻǲڣͻȻʧ
һ㶣Ͻӵץлŵӣ˵Ҹӡ
˵ţӣһӡ
ӡϷ۾䡣
Ƭ̣һֱϢ˽ȥͣһƣ塣
߸ӡ˿۾̲סпôˣ仭ôãôӡЩ˫޷仭ôá
ſлŵ̧֣ۿǰлţ룬ڻǵҲţ˵㻰ЦЦܵĺòǡ
š
лŵͷӦһѧ
ӣ߰ڰ֣ˡ
˵ţߵߣŴһԾ¡
յһƬлŵͷֱ۵ӡþú̧һű۾
ǰһƬɫǰߣһ󣬾͸оϤ
ɫʼӯߣǰããԭ֮硣
ֲ֮硣
ǰͿڱԭ֮ϣ۴Ůӡ
еıԭԼһ
Ϊѩ֮䣬˿˼
ǰߣŲѩз졣
۴
Щ֣δˣûзԼͷֻʹͺ䣬ȴһм尾
ͬÿһΡ
ȻԽԽͣ
Ĭſһоһֱվվ̲סͷ
Էͷдſŵ
֪Ϊʲôһ˲䣬Ǻˤʱڼ˱ˣһ˲͸оʹкжԽ
ͻȻϣܱÿҹ
лƺǴĿпݿоһۻĿڡ
ͼʡͲʡʧȥЩʹʹȻͬ
һѪˮУһ·ȥϸܣں־һϲ
˱С
Ϥ¶ȺͺһӿϮ˲
ĻЩ㱣һǰӰﻹˡ
Ǵʱ˿̣ʹͺѾĥ־۾ĻƳлţҺۡ
лһô̹ȻԼܣ̲סøЩ
֪˵ʲôʲô
ΨһģֻգĴ
أУͷųһʥ̬ǣӵ̽Ѱ
ˣ䣬֪Ĵڣȴеʹࡣ
оĶȷǸΡ
лŲ¡
Ƕ߳ܰ࣬ôЩ
ܾ˿ͷµıѩڿУһƬ
һ˫ܺÿ֣еָ׶޼ָ޳ָڷ
ϲսģǺ˸飬ȴҲòƫһ䣬òһ˫֣Ҳܳҵ
֪ԼôˣתԱˣоʹͺ䶼嵭
𣿡
Ŀ⣬ѯʡ
ܵɽ֮ɣͤͤ
ѯʣͻȻЩʣƾʲôһ˳ȴ
ʵҴһ
ΰ
أ֮
лţǼٵģǲͷץס𣿡
⻰лͣжǰѾʢĵԷܽ͵ʹϢţһ˫ˮۣǴ޹
֪˵ʲôԭӵַϱѩ
С
˵ɲ͵һѽϣݺ
˲ۣǺ˱ѵģȻͬɽ죬ûôǿƵʱ̡
㣬ûʲôǡ
лţڱԭ֮ϣѣ侲
ûС
ˣʵлţԺ֪Ȼͬ
ֲͬȴһֿ񻶣ʮָѹڱʱ֮ͬС
ս֣ҵ
˵ҧء
Ұ㣬㣬Ψ㣬㡣
鵽£һʱʲôʲôʹ඼ˣֻǹᣬҪǵңңҡ
һֱڣлſ۵еᣬҲֻڡ
ͼһ̣һ˲ݡ
Ҷˡ
ûлӦԼѦӵлһͬԷһ˿ɱ⡣
ãȻ۾ۣξ̮лһߣҲ۾
ԭأѦӵãȻ̧һ磬룬Цģʲô飿/ˣ
˵Ͱϡһ⻰˵£һࡣ
ʲô˼ģҪʱΣҲǺ£Ѧӵַ˵棬
˵Ѧӵڴϣϱӡ
أѦӵ˸üۣμҡ
⻰˲䣬лǾ䡰һֱڣҲֻڡȻ
̲סѦӵһţ߳˵˵
ӴѦӵһץסĽףѣҿɾ㣬Ҫ߲зˣ°뱲Ӿ͵㸺ˡ
Ͻ
򴽣ѦӵƤЦҪ˵ʲôűֱƿ
ѦӵһлűСվſڣĿУѦӵץŻ׵ϡ
ѦӵҪάš󣬼ǣϽͷǸЬѺˣлҲˣǡ
һ⻰𾪻ͷѦӵ
˭Ь
ѦӵûỨ񣬷»ĽףǺߣͷȥ
Ѧӵһߣֻʣлźͻ
մ˿̿ɫ䵭лţܾԼƺʲô캦£ĪЩ顣
лߵߣ滨ϱӣסѦӵĽţƽ˾͸ýҹˣЬ²
ͷѵڷʲôȥл˵ʲôʲô
лſӣ룬ƽڣˡ
ʲô
𾪿ڣô
ҹŵġ
лŽͣãȻʲô
˵ҪһЩ£ϾҪɹˣɹ֮ǰռ㣬ɹ֮ͻ
Ͱˣ
üͷҪˡ
лű˱ˮݽӻϷ׷ӡ
˵ţˮݸ
׷ŹȥҪʲôȻ֪ˡ


42 
⻰, 侲һЩ
׷ӡ֮ǰùǸ
ţлӦ, Ϊ֮Ӧ˴ӡ
֮ǰ
ЦҪ׷ӡǸðһĨˣû, 漴ͻȻòԡ
л̧ۿ, ϶Ĳ²⣺Ϊ׷ӡ֮ˣΪ֮¡
⻰ûһ
Ϊл֮ϵָ, ȥ, һѪ, 벻
ǲǿֱĿˣ
̲סૣлҡͷ˵, ȡr֮ˣǲֶ֪ΡֻΪ
Ҫ֮ϣΪôˣҪrʲô
˼ţ˵ͷ, ϶˼·϶Ǹа
ĿǰΪֹҹ۲, лŻصú, û
⻰ѻҭס, ò, ˵е
Լ类ĸоһҾǺϻͦġ
лſһ, ûж໰, , , ָ̹̹ϣ͵ҿ
ָ˲䣬ʶһ
Ŀָϣһ˲֮䣬еĳ͸
ûעϸڵģʶԼǲעлţȻô֣ܽʵϸ¡
¹ǿţܻÿһָڵĴС
ЩĪţͻȻǰˣܿˣҲܿ˶Щֱӡ
лŲ彩Ӳ̧ۿһƬƽֻͣʣôˣ
Ŷû¡
µģùⲻȥֻԼ·׷СáҹԷηŵԼΡ
һԼһ㣬ԱСף⣺û¶˰ɣ
ţлŵͷѾȶˡ
Ǿͺá
ⶾл˼ţ˭µģ
˵ԼȻֻǰĶܱħѪӦħʲôϵ
˲²⣺Ѫʲô
ҡӶ
лһӣ֪𰸣ͷ˵Ͳ˵ѡ
š
˾Ĭл룬˯ɡ
һ⻰˲ӣлȥң̲סڣǸ
лתͷʿˮҪȥ⿪һ䷿
лŲֻĽ͡
ֵҪûĻһҡ
ɣͻȻʶҲûһҪ˯
ͻȻΪᶨҽһ˯˯󴲣
ѻ˵ȥе飬лż׷ʡ
Ȼл룬ֻҴͺãֿҲġ
˺˿
ѣֻҪڽҹϴӹһ١
Ͻͷ£ٶԻΣ˯ˣҪʱʱ̶̿úߣԲˡ
š
лŴӦ߽˾ҡ
кֳ̧ԡͰһָһرˮ
һѣһ˸о˵¡
ûִȻҲԼЩʲô
ˮãڲ˵ۣ㰸˰Ѭ۴
Ǻܾˣżλãȥضǻֵᷢġ
ҡ
Ҫ㣬պڣˡ
ֻΪԼˣεֶΣȷˡ
ȻƺҲûʸ̸ʲô
˸˯һҹȵڶ
һζѣûбҪС֣Ͼһٶ꾭µŮˣ㲻ʲô¡
ֻǾȻεлţ֤лŻЩӰǵ΢һ˾롣
˼ȵڶϣʱʱ̿עԼΪǰ⣬лűž롣
һԷл죬ϾԼϽˡ
һȥվſװСʿѦӵлʶȥлŵֱŵСף˫ֱҸ£˵Сףˣ
ѦӵһһէķӦɵתͷԱлţЩʲô
μԼڵݣлſǰأ
پ
лŶԳƺִš
Ѧӵһ죬˰죬סһپ
Ұˡлóƺ⣬ѶԻ˵Ļظһ顣
ѦӵЩ£ˣ
šл˵ţһĻ룬תͷǰɫ꣬Ȱȥ׷Ȼصڣҵݹ⾵Ըͻ
ôʹã
Ѧӵһ֪л˦Ͻһܾݹ⾵ҵڱܵ顣
ֻۡ
лŲ档
һŬģ
Ѧӵװȫס
лŶôһ˲ѦӵԼһţͫע˾ñ
һҪ
ôʺأѦӵãȻлš
滨һһֱ𣿡
лԣתǾ߰ɡ
һѦӵľǼݳ
лһлһͰС״ϱߣһлҲûϲĶ
ϲֻСϻǾ͸ɡ
ȱΪŤͷŴ⡣
йŽ¡
˵ˣ¹ڷ˷裬Ҫˡ
Ҫˣ·ɻ󣬡ˣʲôϵ
˵ڤɱģֹͨڤ¹ųˣ˭ҪṩƷʯһأ
ڤҲ̫ˣһҲҪħ֮λħſʼ˸ΪĻǻû뵽Ȼ
ҲΪ·˷׷Ӧͣ˵һлţɱЩѡ
ֹɱѣ˵콣ķϻͬԴ˵˫һʱ䣬Ľ˵ͺˡ
ЩԽ˵Խûף󶼿ʼлų࣬ԼݣΡ
ϽӣͷһͼлڸСë
˾ڶ棬һȥ͸͸
лŶһ٣Ҳûͬ⣬˳ȥ
һѦӵЩ֣˿ֿ˿ԱŸԼȷĻɵôڶ
û
еơ
һ֪㣿
Ѧӵģ룬ͻȻòԣüμ˰ɣ
װСʿˣ
Ѧӵɫ̫ÿ˵ʲôֱȥŤͷֻСʿðû취Ҹ˵úܡ
㻹ҩڣ
ӲЩģҪڶһӣ˵־ΪˣҪ¶ˡ
ҾΪˡ
Ѧӵֱڡ
οһۣѦӵ֪ϲ⻰ɫ΢ֻץʦץôãץˣҰ˰Ūͻȥ鷳лǲвѦӵͷһòץְ˷ˡ
ʦҲˣܵĴ㡣
һûһ죬лСë֪ܱһֱڲ֪ڴ˵
ͷһСףڻǳ
Ѧӵͬʱͣ£˶һۣлźڽڣضǴ¡
˲Լͬ迴⡣
Ƭ̺󣬾лŽ˹𻨸⣬Եɡ
Ѧӵ

ǣǶˡ
һ׷źǰʱ𽹬⣬衣
ҹɫǣΪԵʣ·ƶûС
һѪ˵ǽǣĴţò
ŲҰ׵ĴףŬȡˮ
ֹ׷ɱһ·Ҳ˷ֻ֣·𽹬
ŮɽϣͻȻʧ֪ãŮɽֻܸϽӿⱻʳΪӳãûصڣֹ׷ɱϢ
ʱܻڣȥɡ
˼ȥϡֻһȥ
һ˷ֵȥ
һ·뷽跨𽹬ǰ˷Ϣ
֪᲻û
ôĵطҲá
ԺţҲ֪˶ãͻȻоƺͣˡ
ͷгɡŮӡ
ԷһϮ£һ͵ݣĿȴ쳣䡣
֪Զ㣬¿ڣҪ鷳ݲңɱô
ڤ˵ѿ¡
´һȦַ̧
ů侲ѯʣɱģ
ǡ
ڤɳƳ̧ôȿ˵㣿
ұɱڤϢţͻȻˡ
Ҳ֪˭ɱģü
ڤ˵ͷ
û˵ĬúֻΪҪɱ
ڤһ٣ɣЦվһߵϡ
Ĺһԥɡ
˵ţתڤͻȻ֣һץסȹ
㡣
⻰ͣסعͷŢˡ
ţѿڣͻ˽ֻͨл֣ŮɽʳлŵΪ֮ɱ㡣
Ļ΢΢ü£ɱ
ڤͷ֪дŮɽǣϣҴˣٸһᣬһߡ
²˵ע
ڤ󣬻ŵĻᣬġ
ڤһºԥᲽ֮ǰ˸Сƿڤǰ
ֹץ֮ǰͻƣ㹻ҽӹֹ
½нԶҾͰ㣬ɱݡ


43 
Զź, ˴ֹĵؽ磬Խϻ׹ڶϳ帽, ߵٶڽ
Ƚ˶ϳ壬߾ͳײˣǵĿĵأ˲Ҹ̫, ϳ, һ׼ʱ䡣
׹ڵؽĳǴ壬Զҩعϡ, ж, ϡ١ڴ, һʼżˣԽӽϳ壬Խ٣ȵ˶ϳſڣ˲ŷ, , ݺ, ûʲô˾סĺۼ
ӻ˰
ͷŴƷ̲סૣʲô
ΪҸٵĵط, £
Ѧӵţ, ҡͷҪ, ·϶ǵط, αǧ
Ϊλķϣ
лһؼ⣬һ˼ŷ֣Щ졣
ʶԱѦӵ֤ѯʣǲλʱǸ壿
ǡ
ѦӵôһѣҲ
лվԱߣǻ
Щʱջڳ͡죬٣ͽ̸ȻȥˣȥȴǸŮӣһȥ
ʿͻĻҲ࣬Ʃ˿̣Ͳܲá
ĬվţȷϢתͷͬͣ׹ڵһ׹׳Ķӣһٶһǳͣһʱ䣬ֵܽöŪ֮󣬰һǰ׹ڡ
˵ţ˽ȥ
Ѿ׻ˣɨһۣͬѦӵԸ㻻һ·Ƿͷҡ
á
ѦӵͷϽȥطˡ
˿϶ڴĶǾЩöֻ֪ܿѡ
лһߣһܣεվ͸һ£жϳĴ塣
ﶼǰգлѯʡ
һЦԲź䶯ʿôɱͨˣҲǴɡ
ûгͷ
ɣΪ˹˼ָָ̧죬Ӻϻû֮󣬡˵ĺܵ¶û˹ˡԼ˼˭ܹһ֮أ
Ѫأлɻ
ἰˣ̲סЦħ˹ôܷ˵
лԣ˵ͷ˼ţ壬ʦʲôϵأ
׷ʲôΪ㣿
⻰ûлش˫ָ򴽣뿪˵ʲô;һϮ
лŶ죬ʡһײ㽫Ϯİײ
϶һֽ̧һӣֽƮƮ䵽ϡ
ŷ֣⾹һŴζһ㣬ŮСдţ
ˮϣϳɽׯϾһ
仰΢١
תͷԱߵлţЩӣлŲĿ⣬תͷôˣ
ġ
ݹȥлŴһۣӶӣֻȥʦ㡣
ȵȡ
סע⵽⻨㱳֡
㣬һ壬дšǰң
ѱϣƾԼѦӵҩ򽻵ľ飬ǿ˳
óѾŬˣƽʱҩǻû˿ö
üϽѦӵһѶûС
ˣתͷлţɲͨһ㣬ǰˡ
Ŷ
лŷӦܵǸϽ֪ͨڡ
˼Ҫǰȥ
װɵȥһ°ɡ
ȥˣô죿
л̧ۿվŲ϶
ЦҲ£
˶٣˸ɣСΪͣôˣǳ¡
˵ţһ㣬ĥš
Ѧӵ¶βǷĵģϹȷе㲻Ŀܱץˣ͵ϮлŲȥȷЩ鷳
ҡ
һܱߣлڣһӶͺߣ»໰˵
һ˲뷨лſɫ֪ʲôֱڣ㲻
ȻЦЦ˼Ҹǳ
㻹֧ҡ
⻰ڣЦһ
лû˵֣дһС
˫˶زֵܷд¡ɵֶɽһ£̽ҡ
лٺܿ죬ͷĪЩ顣
дý̧ۿϴȥߣҪ⣬ûʡ
Ŷҿͷʡ
ȥЩûһ㲻𣿡
һ㶣лŻҡ
̧ͷĿл忡ݡ
ͷ۾ƽȣһҽˣǵҪʵĻҪƭԼ
û
û˵꣬лűȡ˻㣬ת뿪
һϣ㸡ֳһŵͼлɨһۣŵͼλȥ
վԭأƬ̣ЦЦתȥ
лԶߣָҧһѪһ˦˲両ֳһ޴ķ
˳ŷǰ˫ָЦݣλʲôѽҪ𣿡
˵ţЦȥ
һ˲촫Ц֮
ܱߴ֮лæҵȣúÿ
ԷĻͷЦתͷһ˷ǶӿһֻЫ
һ㣬˲䱬Ϸȫ϶棬ܱһ·ȥ
ܱһתͷһŮӴһ䷭
׷ȥһֻ޴޳źŮӿҧȥ˲䣬⡰䡱һ½޺ɣһקסŮӳкݺһ˦һֻһˮһ׵⣬жϸ⡣
ʦ㣬ЦŻͷſڵϴŴĺߣþòʲôأ
߲ҿͷ˵
ᲽȥƽȣңҼңôˣǲǸøҸˣ

Ҫôҡ
齣ں߲һѹһ̿ʼ㲻֡
⻰úһĮȻ˵ɣ¶ǲ㣿
ǡ
߹Ϸϡ
㶩磬֮ҵľơ
ںƤϣȹƵĶ˶תǾ⣬Բԣ
Ҳ֪
ߵƳƽ׷ʣ˭ľƣ
߲˵²⣺
ˡ
̧ͷ濴ҲҵģҲ֪Ϊʲôжǳսֻʣȥˣڻȥ֮ǰҼˣʱϹֻ۾ˣˡ֪ʱһ˶źϻΨһˣͻֻߡ
Ļ侲һֱ¿϶йأ֪Ƿʲô˭ĻָʹЧ˭ж˲£Ҫɹˣٸҵʱ䣬һһ𸴡
䣬洫䡱һ죬۳⣬̽ų׹ڵˣ֪Ҳ֪ѪУˡ
ʲô
ּ̧ӹ˽磬סĽ˵Լļƻϳҵһμĵطݹ⾵ڻԻȥ
ȥ
öϳֻ֮Ҫ뻭УͿԻصȥ׷ʲôȥֻҪҡκν뻭֮йصĹȥڻжԿ
λСһ𳤴ںϻһսУְѶƵݸ˵ʦ㡣
߼ңûѹ
˭š
䣬ҪȰ;Լüɿһ㣬ѸսҸһᣬɣҸš
˵ţס˫ĻѪ棬ڵĵݽࡣ
Ჽ⣬߳磬ƴŽĻ̲Ż˹
վ棬г۳ණ
˵꣬н䣬ɴӿȥ
ýʹ̫㶿Ӷ֣һʱԭء
㶣ͷߴ٣¶
Ŷ߷ӦϽͷ֮ǰĻչóʣʼϽ
һ滭һ̲סڣ˵ַˡ
ô˵˶ˣ
˹Ķ̲ס
߹ûش𣺡ҵȷô˵ģҲ˵ֱ̫Ӱ
⻰ѻЦˣϽİɡ
ʲôߴӶͳһɫ򿪣лŽлһ£
ûǻ𣿡
ô¶ͿͿĨĨΪǳɻƾԲ޳ôһԹǷĹӣ˲Ҫʲôڼ𣿡
⻰ѻҭסҧһʣͳһһЩģҿʼһһһ֪˵ʵ˲ҪֺãҲÿƢǲϲ
ϻЩҪ֪ôࡣ
䵭ڣĽһ֮ңֻr飬ҵ˾͸ûȥңһ콣ڵˣ漰̫»زȥ
ɡ
ۿȥң𣿡
߱ʼһ٣ݺݿǰӭ׹ϣ޵ˮۣܵһЩϡ
᲻ҰᣬնҰնϣлš
פƶˡ
*** ***
һӶϳûжñ㵽˻ϵĵص㡣
һլլϹڤƣȥɭɭ
л䵽ſڣլſڹŵڤ˲ϲƣլԺŵƽʣ̺һ·̳ȥϲ
лŽУͿһŮһϽĳȹڴøߴԱһһޣվһ̴ӣ濴ȥΪ졣
·Ůӱ¶࣬¶˫ֱۣزڼѹ·͵գȹȣĶȹ޳֡
Ͼ˿ʣ̬ǷյüȻ鴫
ŮģлŵĿȫǿޡ
лվУֻ
òװϾôܲ˵أ
Ůӳ°ͣлţϾæȥ
лûŮͷȥһɻƺϾأ˼һ㣬Ļˡ
䣬лŵĽѾŮӲ
Ů˫ֳϣ΢΢ͷϾ÷Ůӽؼ䣬ôʼһ·»ȥ֣ᷢʵŮӣɲֹһλ
ȻŮЦɲǰˣǰ콣׹ڣˡ
׹ڵģ
Ůӱ׹ڸģ֮Ͼš
˵ʲô
˵֪Ϊrܰҵrģɲֹ𽹬Ҳԣ𽹬ʵܰࡣ
˵ţлŽ⣬վ֡
л죬عͷȥͿ˰ͨڵϣлţء˵ʲô
r飬𽹬԰ҡĵͷͷɫҵȣҲܰõϲĶұ֤ᴦøɸɾ
˵ţԱѹšһ͵С
ۣ𾪿ǰĺлš
λˣ̧ۿлţ֪Ͷ״Ͼɻ⣿
ʲô˼
лƽģ΢Цõ֪ɱǵĵӣȻݣǰѱҵϾ˵ĳ⡣
Ҫʲô
ûʲô΢Цֻϣ콣ڣҪͺãڶ콣ûиϵ𣿺ϻ콣ڲΪѰr飬෴
Ҫ֣ϣҪʲôǶ˫ַϡ
Ҳأ
콣ڣǾˣвϾܻܲȥҲδ֪
⻰лŵͷ
ɱˣгƽȣͿһֱ𣿡
Ͼ
ЩףȻ䣬ֻһ˿ȴԾɱ⻮һӣס߳Ĳ𣿣
úл̧ۣ뿪֮߳һ̣Ѿˡ
˵գлųļ̶ȥľˣɱ
Աߵ޳лżɶȥ̴Ҳνлɨһ˲֮䣬ɱ֣
Ѧӵűͱλãڵװ
˿Ǳˣֻ͵͵һżĵҩ۾װ
ܱ߶лųʣɽׯǳ˼ĵĲҽۡ
ղŵĻףһȫͱлſġ
ΪǶлŲϲ
ԼҲֻ֪û뵽ܲϲɱ
֮ǰô˵ģ
ΪӲ˽硣
֮ǰһֱ˵Ϊ˵ˡ
ܱ߲ҽУоѪϣžá
Ϲˡ
һһϹ
оܱŵѹɱֻ֪Ҫۣлһһ
ֻװһ̣ܱ߶лŵĽŲ
ߵǰڴ
ѦӵЩţȻãл˵˾䣺Ǹ
˵ţӡʬ߹
Ժз·һ̣֪
Ծȵġ
һ̣ȴǻķͻһҹԽԽʱ⡣
ҲôƬ̵ĳɣ㵹ڵϡ
лһһߣսһֱڲ߳ϳɽׯͣ²ӣͷ
Ѫɽׯȷϡ
زȥˡ
֮磬ԶԶزȥˡ
۾Զ䡱һ죬ķл˲òԣ̳˻ȥ
ߣ͸Ϲݺݶһƺ˫
һʣˣҡ
û˵꣬һʹȫ
ԣۿʲô
׹ڣóģǹˣ׹֮
ƽţȡ˿Ʋżд֣˺ҪҪ
⻰ͫ
ʿ֡֡κζΪҪҲ׹ʢеԭΪռһʿ֡
ߵָ֣֪
˴⡣
׹
Ѫ
䵭㡭
û˵һ
Աһ㣬һϽ磬ͳ嵽ǰ
лţ֪лŻæȷϡ
š
лȣֿ̧ٵںѨλϣ˷סϵп
һҲ޷ʩչ˻ڻУָ̧һԵݹ⾵ݹ⾵㡭
ô
ùݹ⾵Ҳɣָ̧ŻѪε棬ݹ⾵þջȻҽȥ
ĻϽһһͣ뻭صʱǸʱ䣬˿ߣ뻭֮۽ȥǳм䣬Ҫһȥҽȥǰңѡݣ֮󿴵ʲôҡ
˵ţ̧ۣʲôעģ
ҪŹȥ¡
ǻصʱʱͲԻݳ֣ǿߣԿԼѡһݡʱصϻʱٻغϻ
ڻûȥ᲻Ӱ죿
СĸıνҪı뿴Ķ
ʦ㣡ץסһҪȥȷһ𣿡
ϻһսֻ˻߿ôģ㲻֪𣿡
⻰һ٣תͷȥˡ
˵ţһԾ뻭Уתͷһ⣬Ҫ˵;һ⳯Ϯ
æһˣһգֻüһлţ
漴㱧ݹ⾵仭С
뷿У̿Ļæ˹ȥȻлŶ죬һקҳ⣬ץŻ˲뿪
˳УѾյһƬ
Զлһɽ½磬򿪻ͿѾ
֪ô죬Ҳ֪ν뻭ԥú̽ŽѪڻ棬뻭С
ûһ˲뻭У棬ڵϣ·һϷ


44 
ͺߴӻһ׹, ߺܿһʧǰȴƬⶼѡݡ
ԥƬ, Լǲѡ, ǰ, ʱ, , ǵѡ׹۲쿿ߡֲӰȥݡ
Ƭ̺, ʦ
ʶ, Ϊȥ·ʶģ֮߾ͷų׳־Ҫɽ¡䵱һź׷, νߺϼ֤θʷ, Ҳعϸ
Ϊ, ȫû̫Ӱ, ҳԼļƬ, ֵ̧˽ȥ
ǰһƬڰ, Ƭ̺۾, ͷԼһŴš
ϴһֱһĶ˯أ׹Ǳ߳һֻr, ׹Լץ, Ҵ˳ָ, 㲻׹ҪҪһ
źߵĻ룬֪Ӧþ¡߹ʱǰϦ
Ƭ̣һ䣺ҺȶˣĶȻ㡣
˵ţӴһתȷڻڡ
ǰΪ˻УѡݣеΪȴԼǰʵΪ
ĥţߵǰ
ǶʮӣҪ϶ϳ˭֮ǰ뻭ǰ˵ѡݣǿֻԼܿʵУ
üʣžӲ˲üᲽ˳ȥ
˿磬һڵʱ䣬ص㡣
ϳ岻Զﵱôվɴ࿪ʼûгʲô¡
һ·ѯʣû˵ʲô£ֻܴҹȥй䣬ܲʲôŹ֡
ӲҹһȦһȦ·϶˲٣ֱֽϣһǺ«һ֪ߵغĸС㡣
ҵﰵߡ
ߵҹԶ׷֮
һ⶯ˣ˵Ļ𣿣
ϽקȹܹȥһӾͷææͺţңĴңǸܲԶ
ˣ
һˣʱǱˣ
Ҳ룬ϽץסбܵĻᣬڰȥոճһڣһֻֽ͵һקһѽ͵䣬Ϥִ˼İ˵Ȼɱ㡣
ۣعͷȥͿǰϴˣϴѪǾ濴
ȥʮ߰ģ忡΢Բôһ㡢ôһ㣬һ˳лţ
Էһ㶣˵ʲôͻȻ죬˴ȣȥǱѣ
һ⻰֪˵ز˾ǲ֮ģһָɱۣҸطлŲС
һסлţл΢΢ü֣ȥ
лŴ˿ˣҳԪӤΪһקûʲôֻܵײײһ·أϻ˿ջ
˦׷˿ջţϽ磬תͷͿл˿ڣ迿봰ĵطһֻصСޣʱ׼
ɫһǲʶΪ˸ȫУߵԶıڹԱߣͷ裬˼ţô
ʱ㣬лӦǶʮ꣬ʶҲ꣬ӦͶʮĻһrɱͼ֮ʿôʮӣȫʶ
л򴽣ûлش⣬ֻʣ˭
⻰Լʵò̧ۿʶ𣿡
лϸǰ˵ò
ƺͼ仯ʵһʼһֻûзκθı䡣
һʮŮӵģüΪƯŲۡ
Ϥʲô벻ֻԼãӦܵˡ
лŵɫоЩ֡
㲻ʶƺҲı飬˼룬̲סǲʲôǵã
Ҽǵá
лŻشúܿ죬һ۾Ϳѡ
˼дûʲô
ʲôǵã֪һ˷֣Ϳ׾ƭ
װûѣ˵ͷ˿ڲ裬˼
Ѿȷʱ䣬ǻелţھԲڵӡʮлųʲôģǼǵõġ
ΨһĿܣǡǰˣǻелţʵлš
Ҳǣôһ뻭ַַҪˣϾ͸˹ֲ֪ô½ʱ˲ӡ
뵽̲סЩ˼ˡ
лűʮ꣬ң뻭ߣȳȥʲôǵá
ʮлſ˼
꣬һѹסҪͷ̧ͷһ֣ôʶң
ҡлżѣֻһ¡
̾˿¶ҿͷǴ콣ڹ·ˡҴȥ򣬿ܲ
㵽˭
л˿ЦЦݺͰ㡣
㡭㣿
лһ㶣ֱܾЩԣɻʮֿ϶׽㡭һ٣𷽲Ѿйֻ֣ܽԲѣл
лŴ¶ˣ㱾г˻£㱻˴Զɶ뺣ȥΪ콣ڵӡұϻ˺ϻеŮޡǰЩʱգҲŸոϵ㣬û뵽㾹Ȼֱˡţ̧ͷһ棬ģһᱣģպǽܶˣһٷֿˣ
ǡл΢΢üǸĸأ
ˡɾ£ҲѾɱˣġ
ϻл˼ţȥƺǸõط
⻰ûһ飬ͻȻµĸолĵû¶Լݣ赭д˵źϻлžһۣаֵһᡣ
ֱӸ˶ԷһȭлһãȻʲô
ֻѾ˵嶯ͣЦЦзʽ޷ֹţ˼·ÿһЩϾҵš
⻰лŵҲûжֻۣͷڣǸ
ˣǰº͵ȸˡ
˵ţȥл·л̧ýסȥ֣ƽܣҲŮܲףҡ
û˵꣬ͷסѨλ̧ۿˣ
˵ţһл·¶˿ڡ
лɫ΢䣬ȴãֻܿŻϿٰγ˿еķ䣬˿ڣŽѨλ
˯üȻҾͰڴ˯

н㡣
ǿл򴽣˵֪лɣͷϰٻѨһˡߵһˣȡ
лȥҵʱ䡣
лźü֪ٱҪ˱ˣþգһ˯ˣúϢ𵢸¡
ǡ
лԵúܹɡ
Ҳû룬ת˴۾˯ȥ
лԭأһۻĴͷֿ˿Լ˿ڡ
һֵĵط϶ˣϴ˸дš콣ڡֵƺǬ֮⣬ʲôûУҲʲôǵá
Ůӻǿʧ䣬ڻԡ
˵㡭
ɡֱǡ
ΣѾ׳Ӧ콣ڣ콣ڲڴ˵أҪȹ뺣ܻȥ
ŮаضҲʲôˣȥʶڴ˵йءŮӾԽãԽΣգ뿪˵أص콣ڲ;
һ㣬ŮӺϢڿĽ磬ӴһԾ£ҹɫ֮С
ᣬ޷˲һҹΣȵڶſյӣЩãȻ
лأ
ȥ緹ˣôԣ
Ժ˸Ƿ¥תһȦתһȦȵʱлţں֪ʶ
лţˣ
ͷ𾪣л׷ܣûлܹ
ǱЦˡ
һڸʲôǵãʮ꣬ʧƯ⣬е㾯ĺҲ
ڻΪ뻭ߣҪڻʲô
֪ܾ档
뵽ַԼⱲӴǷһ˵ԪӤʲôܣ
һʶһ·̽飬ѰлµϢۼ˹ȥ
лŵϢ϶ҲڶϢ׷ãҲˣֻһһʡ
ûмһʮˣôߣرá
һ··ãûϢ
ۿɫȥͻȻһ˹֮ҪҵģǲǸİ갡
һ⻰̻ͷͼվһˡ
ȥǺͰɫۣһ˺Ƿġ
ֻһۣ㿴аһͨˡ
ŵʿֵͷ˿Լȥ͸ͨ죬ôˣȷܺƭӡ
ƭ˵ˣѵ֮ǰץú߾˵һ٣
˼Զһ뵽лţЩġ
ǵʿԥЦﲻغ£ǿѰˣдһʡ֮ǰһ͹˵úСɾ
Ķ
ȷǰͼı죬룬лŵͣһʱųʲô¶ӰߵĽȣȸϽúߺ˵
¶æҵܵܣҪǼͷָ·£Ϊ
С飬ʿϽ֣ڳģʹȥץˡ
ǿ죡
Ͻߴ٣²˳٣͸ȥ
˵ţϽϵʿ˴Ҵȥ
лŴŶңŮӼææ׷ȥıӰһʱƲ
ҹŮӵʲô¡ɡ
Ҳ֪ΪʲôԼԼһյĿܶС
ͷЩѵ㣿
˼룬վǸȥû¾ˣҪǳ¡
һѣܡ
⣬лϢˡ
ŵʿ˳ǣʿߣԥŵҵܵ𣿡
ڣʿͷҷŲżǰ˴ȥˣʿݸһͲҪҪȵˮ
ԣҧҧˣҹŵܵܡ
ȵɣҼ㴽ˡ
⻰ԥƬ̣ӹͲлл
ˮһڣ֪ʲôʿȫԵɢǻڣⶫûá
ݺȹʲô֪Ͳݸʿлл
ʿͲתǸϽߡ
˵ţһҩӦЧʱ䣬ţ

ʿתͷԱľɻ̧ͷôôЩ塭
û˵꣬ŵȥ
һ£ܱ߳һ˿ŵʿЦŵλɫӦúϲ
òΪҲ⣬˵ʲôʲô
ʿмָ̧ŷ̧ߣŮһ͵ȥ
˵ţ˰ѻ̧лüͷסҪʵĽ
ˡ
˼ţˣһˡ
һˣŻһ·һϡ
һֱװΣ֨֨Ż۾
˶ǱεŮӣҶ˯ţҲûйǣᣬϽߴϢ
ʦ㣬ұץˣң
ϢȥûƬ̣߱㴫Ͼĸ֣ҡ

߶ԴңһĲ̡
ȻԼϷݱݣҲͲϣԱ߻˯Ůӣʼĥŵȳȥ֮ôлš
Ŀӣ񲻹ǽڣչֵʵҲǽ𵤣Ȼ״ԭй켣
л񵽴ܣһ߲㷢ˣǱɣģشߣó顣
Ҫôܰء
һ·˼ţãоͣϽֱ۾װΡ
̴ӽ̧һɽܱ߶Ů˵Ŀƺûѡ
һоԼ˷ŽˮУס
ˣ
Աߴһȣˮúôţҡ˭ҪӾͰɱˣ
˵꣬Էźݺˤϣ˳ȥ
۾Ϳܱ߶ŮˣֻЩŮûб˩ţվˮУˮĺ⣬ѹ
ֻһ˩ţǲ
ЩŮ˶ûд͵ͷޣ۾ʼϢ
ϢҹͻȻһ죬ѻ͵ؾѡ
漴Ӧ͸оһضɽҡ洫߽֮ĸҰʦã
һ̾ϢõãȻͺ˵ӣ˵ûȵˮθˡ
꣬ȻˮһһûһͿʼʯ
еŮӶһſӿֺֿǳȥǳȥ
״룬ԼôҲǸʿˣӦòΥɣ
һĥתת붯ˮ⴫ҽУһһԾ룬̧һš
ʤѩηţŮӺߡ
˵ţĿŲĻסԥԾˮŻ̧
ѡնŻһлַ̧סˡ
˵ţ㽫һԽˮΣһ·ȥ
ſлűϣȳˮΣŷɽѾҳһƬлָӳˣһߣ
˵ţͱŻ·һ񱼡
ŷӦлžˡ
ͻȻʶǼ˾;ȣӦǳס
Ͻպװһ׻ƿлű⣬æţȥĶˣһֱ㡭
ȥ˵
лſֿʼ˵ѻһһӣסˣźŮӵǰܡ
ЩŮԣϽȥûƬ̣洫һŭ𣺡ܣ
˵ţʮƺҪЩŮء
лŷ»һš
漴̧һͷԺһסЩȥ·
С
һȴ洫󷨹⳯лһһлſһۣŮӻûȫ߳ȥгɿתɶܣһһЩ⣬ЩŮӳ߳ȥŻԥתܣ
קţС
ۿžҪȥһǿķ⼱׷
˱޿ɱܣлŻһҲɲǣ͵˵ϣ
лֻۣݺײϣæһѱסͬһⷨ͵غɳȥ
ɳ˺ݺײڵ棬һµʿὣ˸߸Ծ𣬾Ҫһ£
ʱһ籴Ӹߴƿն͵קסʿгһ䣺ܣ
˵ţקų籼׷ʮʿ׷ݵϣ
עںϣлŵ˿գ˵Ļͳгȥ
ۣͿ߱ʮʿΧס
𡭡ˡ
ֹлţסӣʦ㻹
лŶһ٣룬ֻҰ͵ȫ֮
УϾܾ߭ŴҵÿȫŰġ
ȷֲС
һƣлһ΢Ĳӿ
֪ΪʲôڻľܾƺЩ⡣
ЩҶҴ
˵ţ㵽һȫط½󣬱ߺЩʿš
ȻߣʮȴǺͺߴ˸ѷ֣лһȥߡ
һסҡͷȥ㻹ˡ
ȥˣʲôã
ĻлһůֻοްСˡ
УִҡͷҵܵܣҲΪʦաҡ
û˵꣬һǰֱлʶڻǰͿǽ⽫߽ŵĵʿ͵غ俪ֻ߲ͷ
ɽͱǴòӣ¹谭к£ԶһλߴĲὣվԭء
ʮأϴһ̣ȥΪӢ䡣
紵ճ籣·ɣ㶿ŶԷĿƽֻ
Ŀתţǰ̽̽ҪЩ
ûˣ˳ʲôǹؼɲܸˡ
лſǰ̲סüʲô
꣬תͷָ˵ҿˡ
лЩףĬһԶޣû㶮ڿʲô
Ҳ£ֻǾţƬ̺󣬾Ц
½Ƿմ
̧ۣ
ԭǡ
̧ҪάԷȴȫûк˼Ȼֱֱ߹ֱǰȥˡ
߶ԭأźߵı飬֪ãתͷϽлţ죬ҸϽܡ
лף̧־סӣߴٵ찡ʦ֪ҿ⾽϶ɱҡ
лűŲӣӲƬ̺ͷһ˲Ұŵڻǽᱧֻд˼ֿŵĲ죬ҡ
˵ţһ·ܿŴǲˡ
һ֪Ϊʲôһ˵ĴôѾŭֻΪˣŬš
뵽ķŬһ㡣
Ĳӣؿڣôôͽ˵㶼Ϊˣ㻹ôĮ~~~!
лſһۣڼûдٵ˸Ķϳ˼ҿջЪ£漴ʦˡ
ȵȣס۰ͰͿôˣ
㡭лųţ۾ǸԼߣɲ֪ΪʲôŲӡ
˾ӣƬ̺лҽ𣿡
ȻأΪһ˵𣿡
лһԥԼǰһ٣ɣЦõܵܣҰðɣʲôǵãȥĶΣգߣҲҵ㡣
һҪң
лɻ󣬻ͷȻ
Ϊʲô
ҿɲ¡
仰˵棬лһ㶡
ǰ˵ģԼЩţǲǽ㣬١Ầ
˺þãڲŵðɡ
Ц£ʮлŴƽºǰļ¶Թ˵Ӽ棬㻹ûйһ㡣겻𣿡
Ҳǵá
лʵʵ˵̾Ϣһ㣬ܵýаɣ
лŶһ٣ԥþãЩɬڣ㡭
ƺûйʣҲ֪ǲԼĴܾô
ͻȻΪʲôԼǰÿνлŸ죬н㣬Ҳġ
ûԤռ˵ĸоЩ֡
һŤͷȥˣҽ㣬ͱˡúøߣ˵ЦЦʲôʱأ
⻰лŵ˵ͷԶ١
ʧҲֻһʱЩʱգҲ
һ죬˵һҲֻ֣Ӧ֪ˣ㡣


45 
н, ̲סЦҪ˵Щʲô綯, лŷӦ죬νŶԷ̶ֱȥ, üš
һ, ߵϥڴ̨˫ָлŵĽ, תͷȴǿϻüȥĶӣ
ҵܵл, , ʧˡ
ź߼üŪ, Ļ, һ, ¶֡üһζȳ̽ŷſǸõܵ, ʦߣô䱸, ת˸, ڴ, Це, 
лۿ
ߡһ, һû˼
˵, Ӵ, ôû
û
ҡҡͷֻʣʲôģ
㶼ץ˻ţ
һԣлӣС˷衣
лŲһǸţȳȥ˺ɣ
лԣ֮һȦ˳ȥ
ߴǣлһߣ½磬յǰǰû˰Ųʮɣ㶼µȥ֣
ٹңһۣе¶ѣ롣ô£
Ǹrλǰ޵һŮģԼɱ˼ң͹һֻrΪ֮ȥҶԷʧְɱˣʧǣµץŮӣЩŮӵɼƷˡ
궼ЩŲúϧ˲װġ
ţƺʲôأ
ɱ˰һţ
תͷһۣţʱ㲻ɱǵӣǡʲô𣿡
һ˵£Աߣ˵𣿡
˵
Һ˵ҿˡ
˵棬ɣǳĲ飬㿴ǲῴɣ
ôܣ
һ⻰ۣ߱ŭұ֤һ£šʦ񡣡
ʲô
գգۡ
ҶߴյǰȥܾҶ˳йȥϲãһ
֪֪˰սʤϻҪ֣ǱȻҪ˽Էġ
պû˷뾳ĿľΪ˸굽ʲô˵ͷվȥ顣
㣬˵ţлſڣҶ˲ˡ
֪֧˵ŻҪк
ͺ߶һۣЦЦȥ飬֪ͨңȥ˯һ
˵ţ߱뿪ȥ
ŽлŽлż뿪Ų裬Ƭ̺㣬⿪
ɫᶨ֪ܾ˵Ҫ˯ڴ档
ֻҪ¾УҲû˻ֵȥɣ̫Զ
š
лӦ²豭Լȥ˸
ڻڣָ̧֪Ҳ˸磬˯ȥ
лŲԼĽ磬Ťͷȥǽ棬þúȡԼ콣ڵƣĦ

ǵĻΪʲôԼԼòԣ
ǵĻΪʲôô׽ܷģ
Ҳ벻ףתͷ˿⣬ھδΣһգͶһ졣
Ϣһҹȵڶ˼飬ȷûʲô󣬱˿ͷȥ
ȴҹɽֳһ󣬱ҵϢ
ûпԼټ׷һ·ǰлŸ棬ûþͼ׷Ǹޣ

Ҳû
лĪЩãҲ֪Ϊʲô򴽣׷ʲô
ʦ㿴ˣֱӻش𣬡Ҷء
Ŷлŵͷ˼֣ʲô
˰һۣ׷˵вԣӲϣȵ֪ϲãȻ˺úơ
ŻĻлüͷ΢壺㡭Ϥ¶
һ֪ǲͬ£ϽͣҾǰæԼûپ顣
лŵͷûж˵ʲô
׷һһҹ׷
˸ɽŴ˲ҿֻ̫ԶԶš
һϣлҲɴֻܶһߣŲ
ȶϣƣˣ˸βͲݣʼϡ
ҹԺ
ûн𵤵ӣһһϢϰ֮ûпά֣£ȻŬˣ̫ζŶţȫûס֪Աһлżϡ
лŻۣü
뿪תͷ˲䣬Ϳ¹ϡ
ƺۼˣɫȫƣɫӨ񣬽ëŨ˳
·ǽ˵èһͻȻһݣһʱãӦ
͸ôΪڷ꣬
뵽žԼƺЩԽ룬Լ㡭
ȷҲˡ
ջĿ⣬ֱ۾Ϣ˽磬ҹ̫䣬ѡ
ԺѹʱѾǵڶ磬ڴлҲڴ
ãôȥҪǱƷˡ
ڼֵ죬˶붨⣬һߣϽȥ
ߵɽСȥջп˸֮ȥƹ˼ƣۻؿջ
лŶݶԶԶͿ߽ջȣͻȻһŮ֮ص
ԶסӣͷȥͼȾͷŮӣŮű¶Цӯӯصɻǵң
ġ
ڣ΢΢üʲô
ҹ¶أʵ䣬һһǰͣǰգգۣصҷһ𣿡
һ⻰̷ӦץлŸϽŷһ·ܵµķ䣬ƴ֮Ѹɨһۣͼⷿʣһ¹ɲأϽ嵽¹ǰклţȥ
лһ㶣洫Ųˣקлž
лŽüͷУԼϽһĽǶȼӣϹţ̧һŷڹ棬Ž
¹СҪˣԵüΪխ
л¹УһͷȺţ涢档
ΪԶ߳һأлŶڹȫĴڡ
ʲô
䵭
ĳԴųࡢСȣЦеվĸ׼հɣ
׳Ҫ
ˣһ⻰̴ôԹ
͹
Ӵվȥͼȥӣô䵭
û˵꣬ץס֣˵¡
ðɣΣǴһ£˵ˣתͷԭλͷŪԼָףֻҪˣڣΪ׹ڼ̳ˡ
ԣЦ˵ǡµļ֣׹ûйϵ𣿡
ǼЦжǣõļˣһˡ
˵쳣ео޷Ŵ
¶ȣ
¹̫СлŸо¹ﶼǻζͬһ¶ʱһϡ
û棬лȴû취ָо
֪ԼʧǰˣҲ֪Լͻദģʽ
ɴʱ˿̣ʱʱĦܾ΢У̲ס㡣
¹޿ɱܣֻܾתע䣬ȥ
⾲Ĭãٴ𣺡ʲô£
˵ǰ죬ϻĺˣ
ƺ֪Ӧģͷǣһ֮Ե
˼һ֮Ե
Ļ̧ۣĿϲ㣬㣬𣿡
ʲô
׷ʣЦⲻùܵ¡ֻʣܲ
ԣ˼棬׹ĻᡣҪδ׹֮һڵɢޣ֪Ҫöٱ
˻ţ͵Ķ˵ô
˽ţãվ˸ңڹŽؾҪӴõĻᡣ
˵ţȥ˲䣬ͻȻתͷ˵㻹ǵһΰɣ治Ҫң

ͺȣһЦתȥ
뿪һţһԼһƣŶ
棬Ȼܳȥֻܺлżխ¹С
Щˣ̲ס̧лŷֱȡ
⶯˲侪лţлüͷʡ
˸ǸɫԼȣʾˡ
лüţ˾š
ֺЦЦȥлŵȣĦţֿ˿Լȣʾ
˭֪ȶãҪôȥĥˡ
Ȼʾãлȴ飬С˲䣬Ҫ
ϿԼȣ
лűСȡ
òϣôһʵҪܶ࣬ȣȴֹһָо
΢Ĵڣ飬˳Сһ·ϣǲ˵֮
һҪֹһôԼġ˵ġڴ
ʶһ㣬͵һҲǴʱһվ˳ȥ
ݣлżǺԥһƿ¹ţһ塣
һ㶣Ͻѷ˺һֽƬ׷ԼϽ׷лš
лܵü죬Ȼ׷ʱѾǵ˴֡
зǿһץסæʲô
лŲ˵ưһһʱЩΣлţǲû˽̹˵
лŵͷ̳֮Щˣƶӡ
룬ֻܵлţҪʲôˣøҡ
ûвˡ
ӣ˵棬ͽвˡ
лһ㶣ĪЩ֪Ϊʲôʮл˼ġ
ΪСпܿռ䣬̲ס̽㲻Ҫʲôоòõĵط˵ϲĵطҲ˵
˵ţ룺ǲǲϲ㣿ҴӦ㣬ſ֣ͶԺ϶㣬ˣ
һ⻰лò
ͷɬҡǲϲ
⻰ѻˣлŻ̧ͷ濴Ϊϲžã¡
ÿֶ˵úܼѣȴŬţƺǰĻڶŬ͡
峺ۣͻȻʶ
ʵһ
͵лţһ
ʱлţ콣ڵΡ
Ľµļ̳ˣ֪֮罫ƣϳģ米˹˵
µлţʲôˣʲô֪һŰֽɸɾģȴҲʵģ
ǰˣ֪Ϊʲôмᡣ
̲סЦһһģΪǸ͡
лƾѿᴹҲǽ͡
ֻǴδ˵Щ
ף룬̲סЦö㡣
лɻ̧ۣͿȡһ޴˵㶶һֻС׻
л㶿ֻС׻ϲϲ
лŲ˵Ŀƶϣɴ۾Ѿ¶Ե
ϲҪ˵С׵צӣ˵ϲСףҾͰ㱧
лԣĿŲƲ
Сּǰ˵лţ
˵ڡ
ҲЩ֪ô˵
ɲ֪ΪΣĵһŬҪ
ǰŻצŮӣЦüɫɫͼģ
̲סѯʣΪʲô
ʲô
ףлžΪʲôһҪ̻˵Щ
һʣ򴽣Ƭ̣ŵΪҪѧĻʧȥܶġ
˵ţҲԼƺЩ£ҡҡͷҲѪ߰ɣȥ
˻ʲôǵãѧ벻ѧʲô
תСǰлſŽнԶıӰͻȻϲ
סŲ㶻ͷ
Ϳһ£վڲԶɫ濴ϲСס
ԣҪЦ
漴Ҳϲ㡣



46 
һ, ˶ˡ
лЩ⣬Ҳ벻ףΪʲô仰ڵ˲, ԼԺлḡֳѩ֮أԼһƬһĳ
ǸԼ, Ӧ׻ϡ
ʲô, Ҫܴ٣
ҡΪʲôѿڶأ
лҲýн, ֡
ԼЩãȻҲˡ
ûл˵⻰һһ, Ӧ, ֻһһǸ
Ǹ, ش, Ӧܡ
ܿ췴Ӧ, лŰС׺棬˵ϲ, ҲǺϲСһ
ЦҲ, 㻹ϲң
л⻰, ƺ˼Ƭ, ͷܺãҺϲ㡣
ⱲӴûô̹ʹúЦֽһˣ֣, Ǿѧʲôϲ
лãȻߵǰ, Сһ, лŸоë׵С׻뻳д˼ֿŵˡ
ССŶԷٴеɫŴһ˿΢Ļȡ
Ҳ֪ģ̲ססлһ㶣Ϳվ࣬ͷϲ𣿡
лĪЩȣʶϣ뵽֮ǰĻЩɬ˵ͷ
ü˵
ϲ
лŵڣǰߣȥ䣬㻹ϲʲô

л̲סͷڰֽ֣˶أҪʲô춯Ϲȥ
˵ţȺ
ͻȻ뻭ͦõģлʲôǵãδҲǵãҲֻʲôС
лŹų֣һһϲãŬӦУʼ򣬵ʲôϲ
֪Լȥȴ֪ϲŭᣬġ
Щʶ˵ôЩģףƺֲǺȷ
һɶŻѧЩ
ûһԣܽ۵ĸУڶԱȣȻһһʹǸĳʻ㣬һһӦ
ɾ봿˶ʶʣֻһһӵķУԼ֪ʱȻͬﾳС
ϲ밮ǶԽϲϲЩ΢Ĳͬ
ܱ߸ԹСԡѡСŮӡ
ŵƻϣӰ´£ӳճֲͬģ
һֹġŮŮںϵʣִ
̲סĿһֱͣϣϸ۲ÿһϸڡ
ѧϰƺ͸ӵСȴٳٲѧĶ
˹˴ҹл˵ϲĴⱲӶࡣ
ﱧС׻һѶͷûŹͷϹһи㡣
ԼĶӣͷͻȻɫһ䣬лžһ򣺡ߣ
лűקܳ⣬̧һ٣ץлϽ׷˳ȥ
л֪б䣬ǬУôˣ
ˡ
ԵһǺ«ǩһӣл̧סӵǩĬֻͷǸʲô
ȥҵˡ
л˵棺˲ʿҵ
ͷһ֣ҵ˵ĿԲ̫󣬵һҲϸ֮ͷŶԺҲӶˡ
Ӱɡлƽȣں˾ͺá

ĪԼˣûе¡
׷һ·ǰ˰ҹһɽ
ɽǰд֮ԶһԶԶ˺ߡ
һ˺ͺüʿлҪ֣ͱ°ͣڣ֡
лЩףͿȻ绨ϣһμս֣ͬԶսϣûƬ̣ͽЩʿɱ
ʿˣ߲Żͷ΢
š
ؽʣܵƬ̣ڣּˡ
ǰԵְ
ЦſһɽҲŽؾģ
ǡ
˵ͷվŲ
ߴĥһȦɵóԱѰ
ǸܵܡӦҲڡ
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ߺһ𿴹ȥͿ߸ܹʦ㣬ҿҵˣҴųŹˡ
˵ţֱסߣŽҿûٵһ𡭡
û˵꣬ƺʶﻹиˣתͷԱ¶ֲ죺ص
ɫֻܵ˵ͷԭصϴγȣʤмҲܾİɣ
ͷ̵ǲһҲиӦ
⻰л΢΢ü
Ƭ̣ƺҲԥ
ֻкߣתͷ˸Ĵָ
ɵƯʦã
¶Ӳ񣺡صĪϺȣ
ûС
ԣڿڣͷһ߰ɡ
˼ǰ鶨ǰַ̧ɽʯϣѹЦ߰ɡ
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صԲҲǹģҾ̫ˡ
лźߴСУ̲סһԱ˷ܵĻ˵ʲôͿһգֱֱ׹ȥ
лŶʱۣһץס֣㣡
Ȼ´һ֮䣬˾ͱȥ
һ˻ʱѾտҲ㶣ԱüͷƬ̣οŽؾ׾
֪תͷԱǰסѧû¶Ǽߡ
˵ţ߰úϻһû°ɣ
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תͷܱһȦǸʯңܱʵʵûκγ·ʯ϶ǽУһ̫ѽǰļϣ֮⣬һյƣʲôûС
Žؾལף׾֮󣬻ᱻǿѧϰܾеĽѧȥ
һȦԼӦǱĳѡϽѧϰңҲǺܵģϽӦұѧϰˣ㲻ùңú÷չġ
ϡ
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á
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һϸǽϽǱضţܿ㽫мУתͷһлţǺ𣿡
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۾ܱããѩأɨһۣδӦһ˻һֻɫ͵˹лֽ̧һƣСģ
˵ţлһ⣬ʱһֻ΢Сֳ˹һ˹ȥͷлţѵøѧ׽С
⻰л̷ӦԼתΪѧĴ
˫˽Żӿȥ·Щ޵Уû̫ôȴǴѷ֡
Щ޷·ڿһ㣬׼ĳƣһУ̻һ̲ɢڵ档
ְܱɫѩԽԽ࣬ɨһۣлţߣǰ
˵ţ˱һ·ǰȥЩѩ޽ţԽ׷Խࡣ
սӣл̲ס𣿡
ϻ
һۣ׾Ϊû𣿡
л΢΢ü˵ĽϵòǺ˳ЩѩܱԽԽ࣬ȥ֧Ųס
û취ֻäĿǰϻӽ
ѩһ·ӣȵҹлʼЩŲס
ϱʹˣһ·ǿȣȷЩǿʼû˵ָڻ󣬲һԡ
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ԭѩޣǰֻһ
һʲôûУƻһɽЩѩ޸ҹȥ
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ֻѩ޿лͬ˸棬۾ʹպ˶ȥ
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ȷûмǱӣʱ򣬵Ǿ
̲סͷһۣ֡
лűǰߣо¶ȴĪϤС
ǰһƬڰԺˣ;ƺҲԵİĸС

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ѩжѩҲҪһʱ
˿ڣھЩƣȥһϢлȴһץס
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ǴƬƬѩлŸоԼŽãȻѩأտյģǱ˰˳һֱʲôһֱǰ
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һ˲֮䣬ξʵһ񿴼һԾ£ڷѩ񿴵׷һӰڴʱ顣

ڣˣʵ
ֲ壬ֻã־峹»ȥصûн֮·ֻֻܲȥ̼
˫ˣʹû취վֳֻԼһһȥ֡
㣡л
һһ˿ڱ꿪ѩѪѩأһ·⡣
ǵĺУƾǸ˵֧Լֱ˻ߣҲͣЪ
صɽʱѪ˶ˡ
лϴˣ츴ԭȥնɱ˼ֻѩ޻˲
Щ̺Ǳͬˣȥ档û뵽뿪ôһֲӣ
Ͻ˳Ѫ׷ûƬ̣ҵѩлš
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Ҫȥǲ㣿ǲл
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ͻȻʶ
ܻȥˡ
ٹӡ
ʧȥֿ
ġ
۾סˡ
ĹѪһУѪڣ

һ̣ʹ롣
ðá
׽ܣһѪԶһ޶Զܸᡣ
㣬ૣԶңԲԣ
ԡʲô˵´ַ̼
Լĸ㲻лˡ
ʮˣô
ĻлŰ
һƬ
˵ˡ
̽˿ʶͷһɲ˱һ㶣лȴƺûв
ĴĴߣһͻĴĦһ
Զһлţҵл
֮ǰָ̧ķƺ뿴޷۾ȫûн࣬ɫֳһҪңòã㣿


47 
úú, ֱ˳ı, Ȼȥ, ˵ȥ, ˡ
лű, 侲
, ȸһЩů, , ɽȥ
ڱϣлԵ쳣ɽΪ´˿, ɵЩ֣ͻȻʲô죿ҲҾͺúõ, һܰˣ
¡
лűӲ֣, ֻоÿһ
ɵúЦʲô
лŴڣһجΡ
ʲôΰų
μ㡭ˡ
⻰һ, ĥǲʲôˣлûвĶ, ˵ǸΡ
ϵȥҾȲ㡣Ȼȥһط, Ѫ, һֱɱ, ͣ
ʲô£
ع֪ҪʲôˣϽϧԼΪķʱ⣬ץһֻ֣һߣߣˣʲôú£
̫ˡ
лɳƣûоͷ·̫ˡá
лתͷЩ񣺡ֻǸجΣ㻹ú뿪ҡ
лŵĻЩ飬ĥʮл̫һ㣿
ûôճ˰
룬Ϊʲô˵Եʡ
ʲôǵã콣ڽһ̣Ҳǵá
СӣһʲôûСӣָǿ
ȳȥһоͻָ糣ɡ
ͷ´˿ڣְŪãְιԡ
ȳ궫
ҹˣ˱һϢ
ͻȻʧһ⣬ƺΪ˯ñСӣÿʱÿ̶Ҫǣ
Щʱգ϶ɢʼԿ߳ɽȥ
ģȱֻѩǰӵһʽһʽȫʱԼѾ˿ꡣ
峿Լ֪ܾʼϡлһһʽѧᣬնɱһͷѩ֮ǰһš
лŻͷȻȻס֣㣬Գȥˡ
š
ͷһŹ߳ȥ˹ţͿʯԭŽǽѾʧ˴ӳѭŹâ߳ȥ˾ͷɪ֮ɫһһУŷ֣ѾɽڣǰһƬ֡
㣬лſһǰߣȵȺʦ㣿
룬óƣ˺ߣʦ㣿
ûзӦܾ֪ʲôʱ뿪Ų
лŻͷȥһˣӰ
߻ӣɫ˼֣ŵ£۾ȴһ籸ţˡ
˶סӣŻлţƬ̺󣬻ɿڣǡ
һѾ
ҡҡͷˣȥҸطϢ
ͷʦøǣһˣ߳ɽ
һ·Ϻ߶ܰ˼ƽʻ˼ŵ
ʱͷֺһֻ۾ֻһԼļۣǺ˵֪¡
۾
вţϻŵ˵۾
ʵּ󣬶ָϻĶ֣һ뵽վںģмš
һˣܰѸαװô
˳Ĭһ·֣ŷ֣ﾹȻǶϳ帽
߿һ⣬תͷͬȥҸЪŰɣ
ʦġ
˵ͷ˱˴Улȥ˴峤һӣȥЩĶͳԵģҴɨɾûͺϢ
ȻʼԺӣææ¡
߽쵽Ъ£תͷȥ˻лСƣڴɨԺӵлš
ܾ꣬ä۵ʱչһʱ䶼лչ
콣ڵĵƺһִܰһаȻʲôˣܻڣҲ糣չˣҲϰߡ
߽һۻɵЦܵܡʡġ
аɡ
̧˸磬תͷô£۾أ
һ⻰ɫ΢棬룬̾˿ʦãʵ˵ˡ
Ŷ
⣬˱ƣʲôˣ
˫۾Ϊûġߺžƣ˵ܾ¡
Ҳûʲô棬޷ǾǶŪ˲ɣܾվ飬ġ
׷лţһʼҲҸӣ˳㿿콣ڵӵݣܸó콣ڣδֹ֮r
Щ治˵ȴˣ˵Ѩ
ź˵ദ˵ͷΪ۾
ãѯʣʦ㣬ðһ䡣
ţ
ϲϲˣϲʱ͸ж
һ㶣룬ֻҡһʶԼϲ˯Ժ󣬽
߿ЦʱͻȻãҸдͺˡ
һŮ˿ʼһˣǾݵĿʼ
ĦžƱԵֻʣʲô裿𣿡
߳ĬúЩѿڣĸסһλ¥Ůӣһλʿһҹ̰ĸ⻳У
⻰ˡ
λʿž׳һ֮ͷ߳ܣԷǸ¥ŮӣǸߡ
ܻ漣
ΪֳΪˡڳΪŸǿҵ
סб䣬ֻȻأϲô룿
һûҸнţˣ¶ǵٺһʱ˵۾׺á
üͷֹţҸݳϢ˵Ҳ֪ʲôʱŵ
˵ʲô
Ϥ֣ͷ˭Ϣ
û뵽ӦôɻͷݳȻǺϻˣһֱŰǺϻǺϻģʹ쾭ҽôãҸôˣ
㶿źߣΪݳͬ⣬Ҫǲͬ⣬Ҿ͸ţڣܲˣѾӦˣ¾ܵ
죿
͵վ㶣ֲԶǾڸҪȥҰӣЦϲĶܱҲҪҡ
û˵ź˵ݳۿɵЩᡣ
ͷ˵ǳҪҽ͵ȥҩڿˣ˵ҩλѦӵҲֻشݳŻǡ
ʦ㣬ľЩңȥ߶ֻҳȥ䡣
Щ죬ͷȥɡ
˵ͷתͷһɫ룬˳ȥ
лɨԺɨ߳ûӰӣɵÿȥĺߣɻʦ㣬ҽأ
Ŷһָ鲻̫ãȥˡ
л㶣ͷӦŶллʦ㡣
˵ţɨ㣬Χȹȡ£ת׷ŻϢȥ
ȥ˸СϣЩ㱡
ˣܿݳ
꣬ݳÿ궼ȥ
Ǿסڶ뺣ˣԽ뺣˵¡ֻ꣬ûлȥ
ʱϲлѾʼһʹַ࣬Ų£ÿ춼ʹʱݳϲĶΪҲͳΪʱ˵ʱ⡣
ֻһۣ֮󣬿û뿪
ʹΪʲôȥ
ƣºͣҵİˣҲܻȥʲôʱ򣬰һȥ̧ۿĿƽҾͻȥ
۾ϲлΨһһζҡ
̲סڣá
˵ţ̧ͷЦûһҾȥ
ԺҲˣҲϲˣ޸˭Ҿͬһֱһǰһòã
á
ݳĿ᣺ԶŰ
ɺûȵȥ
΢΢ۣʱ
ġ
ȰҪϲлţ
ǾãϲˣԼ£ʲôǾȡÿҲŵ£лϲҲܽ
ݳˡ
һգһ죬ӵԼݡԱȴԶ
˵һкгеȴúûš
֪⣬Ҳ롪
ݳľͺˡ
ϲлţͲǵ⣬ǵ⣬ͲɱݳҲͲ
óеҲôݳһ˹ڱ֮£Լȴ·ȫһ㰲ȶգ
̧ˮɫɴУоԼһһ׹ס
Ա߳µϰЦŴŻ͹٣ţ
˵ţһƽȵӱ𣺡·ģ
ûһоԷߵߣתͷͼлͷĲϣЦſϲ
û˵꣬лžˡ
һ־ǧı䣬δ񿴹лŲɵЩãȻ㣿
ôˣ
ԼĿ⡣
Լ£޹ء
ʻл𷽲˲ܣһԼˣڻ󣺡˵ɢģҾ͸ˡ
ɢģ㲻øš
䵭лŲƽղͬ鲻ãֻҲ˵ҾֻŽ㣬϶š
ͷˣл˫峺ãȻۣһʱЩ˵
ʲôϵأ

лûϵʮлŸûϵ
΢΢סŤͷת̣Ӧһš
ҪټݳǻУҲú
ʱúöԴ
ûж໨һ˼ûйһʱ䣬ʱŷ֣Ƕź
˼·ȥӡΣ֬ˮüʡ
ȵϵƶˣڲŻȥ
лŲ˵Ͱں渶ǮᶫȻصСԺлŷ¶֮ǰһϴͬһ˯£ͻȻڣȥڰɡ
лһ㶣ãȻŻױ̨ж˷Σƽ͵ѾܾŮиҲˣҪչˣȥ˯ɡ
⻰Ҳûʲô
лž;òԣۣҲҶ˵ֻ㲻ڣﺦ£Ž㲻𣿡
ԡ
ЦֲСӣʲô
лŲ˵ͷþãѯʣʲôˣ
ôôأվЦŰлƳ⣬̧ۿ֮ǰ⣬ڣ˰
ЦúºͣлŶͿ˻֣
˵ţ顱һϴš
лվſڣĿƵܡ
ͷһοԼǻ鲻ãȥ˸ڡ
ںڴշתࡣ
ϰ˺ͻ飬һ˸˯ţججһֱ賿ڲԼԼԼ˯ˡ
˯ΣиӣһˮɫƳһߣϻŽɫʼΪº͡
ŮģŶԷͷͶԷ˵Żȫ
͸ں棬߹Ƴ֣߹İС
һСƹ¥ȥȥͿžƣ濴Ǹꡣ
ԺҲˣҲϲˣ޸˭Ҿͬһֱһǰһòã
á
ӰӣԶŰ
һ̣ңңվţܲɷֵˡ
Ƕһó
ʵߣõĽǿ棬̧ȥͷûסǰȥһץס֣ڣ
ɻ̧ͷл
лŲ˵Ťͷ˵Ļԥãڻ֣ᱧͽ¥ϷС
һֱ󣬿úãűߣƺЦ˵ϲ㣬㲻˵ߣֲ뿪лţǲв
лŲӽˮȥɾ
֪»񣬾ͻ뿪
ϲ
л̧ۣſվŵˡ
ԷûлӦ
лſ϶ݳϲ
ξȻֹлȻۡ
Ϣã侲
ôجΣ
ַ̧ԼЩơ
ȻεҪ뿪
ôأ
ߴû˳֣˵һֱǶǱ˴˵Ψһ
ͷ˿˿ɫϽϴճţͼѾ
쳣һˮɫȹųȹ嵭ױݣͷ׹ηƽֹ˵һͬˮһᡣ
лųţתͷȥɫºͣˣ
лһЩҿŵúÿ
ģ
ƺЩˣлŵͷЩ֣ʲôӣ㡭
û˵꣬ſھʹ
ɫ˲仯ߴӲҼˣ
л㶿ź߳嵽ſڣһѿ˴š
ſڳһ꣬ˮɫߡ
ڳл̧ͷд˼Ц⣺ʦ㣬ˡ
˵ţƺע⵽ͥԺˣ̧ۿȥͼվڳϵĻ
ݳ·ͻ·һɫϵ˸ͥԺվţ·һԡ
ȭͷŬݺáɫ
пƣαװлûκЧ
ݳ˲䣬Լͷ˸񣺡ӡ
һ̣лͻȻʶ
ǲΡ
ԭǸҪߵĴڡ
ԭǲġ
Ư·ϾµױݣΪʲô
ֻΪݳˡ


48 
ݳˡ
ϰԹź֮, ϻ˼֪ݣֻ֪, ǻʱһ顣
ϻʱѾͣѰӶҪ, ǺϻͳһΪӡ
겻, δ, ûԱ, ҲνŮ
Сʱݳݳ㳤뵱кŮӣ
ݳͷش𣺡ϲʲôҾʲô
ֻҪܺͰһ, ݳ̧ͷЦ, Ů, ԡ
ֻǡܽ, ಻óȻ, ֻôһ񣬺ͺϻһһӡ
ݳ, Ż, Խʦ㡣
˭
ݳ˵, ˽
ͺͬʱͷ, ͿվڲԶлš
, ߵ, źۼм, 䶢ݳ
һ㶣лŽܣŶǺϻĿ䣬ݳӣġ
˵ţתͷкݳݳߡ
ݳͷʶ࿴һۻлţתͷźȥķ䡣
ȥһŲлž͵ǰ
ɻ̧ͷл򴽣Ҳʶ
ǺϻˣҲڣЦܲʶ𣿡
𣿡
лŵͷЩơ
Ƭֻ̣һɣȥʦص
˵꣬Ҫ뿪лȴһץסǰ˵Ϊ棺Ȼһ㣬㲻ҪˣȥС
ʲô˼üͷΪʲôҲȥ
⻰л֪ǲˡ
ȴҲϷֻ֣Ҳˡ
㲻ҾͲˣ
⻰Цֱֱ֣˹ȥ
лվڳȱϣ̲סȭͷվڳƬ̣һ飬Ÿȥ
һݣͿݳԱߣʩ롣
ƺ˯ţɫЩл߽ȥΧ̾ͰҶ˵ʲô
ƺ˶ݳרעһֱƻ裬˿ڡʩ롢ƶֱ䣬һѪŻ˳
˿ʼ߸Ͻǰס
ڴڴŴ˺þãƽ߽ڻشϣ̧ۿݳΣ
ݳ룬һ۴ϵŵʦ㣬ǻ˵
á
ߵͷվͷһתͷԱлţţչһص
ʦȥ
æڣлɨȥѾͺһ˳ȥ
һԱУݳƬ̣ͬ߿ڣص϶ҵǿΪȥ˫۾
ݳ룬ôʣѾȫǡ
黵ûа취𣿡
Ļƺ׼Ե쳣侲
ݳ΢΢üЩͬеа취ǣ̫󡣡
ֱ˵ǡ
黵ݳ̧ۿߣǾһ˫顣
Ҿȥ򡭡
ԪӤʿݳϺߣ״÷飬ͬʿǮƽǿ˫ۣͣԡ
ݳҡͷʵ鲻ҡ
⻰߳Ĭȥݳ룬ȰĻҪڣߺʣҵأ
ݳһ㶣̧ۣɫƽҲԪӤʿҵ۾𣿡
ʦ㣬ݳ΢΢üƼˮꡭ
Ǿá
ߵͷԥǾ͸һֻ۾һֻһֻЦҲ͹ƽˡ
źߵĻվűߣ֪˱ףֻô¡
Щ뿪ڣȴ֪žǹ
޷ģҲû塣
⻭鹹Ļþиģأ
ĺעϹۣҲעֺֿ
صֻڣ嵱˭ָʹȥ
ûд˵ĶԻ
ݳźߣд˼ֲͬգȴҲֻʣʦȷ
ȷ
ǡݳţʰ
ء
ߴҵ£谢ԸΪһ˫۾ٺòӲԸ⣬Լ֡
˵ϣݳ֪߾ġ
Լ֣Ȼҽߣ룬ֻ׼ұΪʦ㻻ۡǷȸ֪ص
á
ЦЦǸ֪Ҫһ۸ͬ⡣
˵ţվǾô£ȥ
ݳͷת߳ӣоʣվűߵĻݳתͷĿ
һмĻš
ͷǣݳʦ㣬ҷˣܷͷʦдӣ
Ŷ
룬ӦȻܾæǰߵߣʵ˵д
˵ţЩģתͷݳôˣ
꣬ſڴŲݳһ̧ͷͿлվſڡ
лžǣĮȻתͷһԣת뿪
ݳſڣһתͷ̽ѯʣʦ㣬λǡ
Ŷǡһ٣ѡһֱ˵ǣҸϻĵܵܣлţͻСð¡
޷ݳҡͷС棬Ҳɰ
û°ɣ
ص⣬ԣݳдһĨЦҡҡͷֻ޷ǽΪصʩʱ̫ãЩƣ
⻰˵Щǣ·ʶԣձʶ΢١
ݳǲǲĲͬ
Ȼ룬ԷѾʼӣϽҩд¡
꣬뵱겻ͬһ
룬Ҳòν
ֻأ
ǶеĹؼݳҪȥֻҪ뿪ûϳһжȥ
±ʣֽҳݸݳдˡ
ݳ˵ŷӣá
վ£ˡ
⻰ݳ̧ͷƺ˵ЩʲôȴǴֻʦС
ͷ飬ת뿪
þһξ͹ˣѹ֮ˣ磬ʲô壿
õħѪſ۾
뵽һ㣬ƽࡣ
ڳվƬ̣鳹ƽŻط
СԺлֻסһˣ˿̴ҸڷУСԺ쳣
ߵԼ䣬ˣδƣһԱлŵķ䣬ǱŵƣлЪ¡
кû򣬴ƢԽԽҲԽճˡ
֪лűƢ̳⡣
뵽Ǹƺ«ӣɵþЩЦ࣬ջĿ⣬ƿԼš
ȻոչϷţǰûһ͵Ϯ
Է죬ûüͷѾֱϣ˶ԭأá
ʶƷƣȻһлŵһ䣬ͷѪɡ
һ㶣лţ
ǿͻƣ㲻£ֻһˡ
лߵо¶ȿѹ֮ǰҹů
ʲô
Ϊ侲֪лţû̫ģֻ벻ףʲôҪַʽ̸
ķΣҲϲ
лûлش⣬˵޹֮£̧ȡķ
˿ٶ䣬ѡķڵ棬졣
·˵ţ֣
ĶԸоָ޴Уǰͣͷַ֮棬֪ΪʲôĪһֽлʲôĽҲϲ
˵ţ׺ݺһ²˺֮𣬻Ȼۣһģǰȥ
һѷסԼϣȻ棬˺õˮɫĳȹǰ
ųȹҹɫɢһأĪɿ죬˵ʲôֲ֪ΪΣһʱʲô˵
Լʲôҹɫڣξлһ̡
һͷлƺԼ򦣬ͷ
нױݣ΢΢ͷָͿ˿֬ĺ촽֬ѩ׷ɫһ·ɫָһ·ɢ۾˼ְҲЩƣرϲ
лţԼ侲Ѷˡ
Լ⣬˷䣬ٳ㻯ʿôⲻأ
лЦĦӣ·ϤһУૣɽ᲻á
лţ
Щ̲ס㷢ʲô裿
˭
лŽתԼǰöͷסĶͷҡ
˭
üЩ˼лѣݳ
㲻֪𣿡Լ֪ʲôȴȦӣݳ
֮أʲôϵʲôʱʶϲǲߣǸղڷʲô˵ʲôˣдʲôΪʲôҪ磿Ϊʲô㿴ô֣ΪʲôҪЦΪʲô
лţ
ʻ𾪿Щʲô
㣡
л͵رͺȳϲϲǲҪң
⻰ѻˡ
δлţǹȥ꣬ط꣬δôֱױ¶ȥ
૳ô⣿
ҵġ
лĻʹ۾ãסַ֣Լؿڣ˵лҪ˵ϲʹ࣬Թʣܡһһңһֱѧ̻ϲ̻ҿ֣̻Цɽ㣬ҰͷǿЦҲ̻ˡ
Ϊʲôô
Ļ벻ס
лſ۾þãſڣһجΣμǲǽܣϲң㾭ͬһ㻹˵Ҫһߡ
һ⻰ףļָ
ɾָˡ
ֻǶƫִлţôݳ
ֻãȻ
Ҳ֪ΪʲôΣɽ㣬ɻ񣬿ΪˣܲԶ㣿һֻǶ࿴һۣս֣Ҷúܡ
лš⣬Ϊʲô뷨
ŻĻл΢΢һ
֪뷨治
֪ûʸ
ϣΨһһʸȥ˹ϵˣֻɷ򣬿ԶܳΪɷ
Ѫȴڴ˿ޱݡ
ȫҿڣɻ󣺡лţ
лЦ㲻ҽͺˡ
⻰û⡱һ¡
̧ḧݣҾͿȢ㣬ΪɷҲͲ⡣
Ϊʲô뷨
лſЦ㻹𣿡
΢΢ü
лַ̧üۣ˵ú᣺Ϊϲ㡣
һ㶡
лЩǽܵϲϲĳϲ
ռ㣬ӵ㣬һӳأһˣлŵϲ
˵ţ֪ΪΣЩɬ
꣬һһظϲʡ
֪ȥԼʲôģ֪ȥһ˵ʡ
ʣһ˲䣬ʲôʧĶڷӿ
ӦףѯһΡ
л


49 
лŵĻ, ס
л˵Щ˵侲, ֺ̿ѿһӿϣǷ˴, ͷҿ
˳ĬãŽʣ䲻䣿
ػ, лű㽫һѴᱧ, , ŵϡ
ñӽǺãһ̧ͷ㿴Щŵ
Щܣûô, Ҳ֪ԼĴ, , ο
£Ҳʲô
˵ţԱߣűӵڽԼ֪ҽ㣬ġ

Ļ˼һ±, һʱζ, Ȼ֪, ǸԼ, Լѡ
лżɫ, Щ, ͷҴñӣĶ䣬ŴȻڵϡ
֪ҪôԻ
Ȼ䣬ڴϾֹ
Ŵʣ˶ز
仰ȹ֮꣬Ծ£
ͻȻȻЩʵ
ãתͷлŵıӰϲʲô
Ҳ֪
лƽȣӵһۣҾ˵Ƿ
⻰ûЩ棬̲ס˱ӣǰ̽̽㵽׼ǲǵǰ£
ǵá
л˵ÿ϶ͷҪ˵ʲôлţһΡ
ʲôΣ
ʱμԼһˣããѩʱμкܶаħǰʲôʱμһطȥöаħ˺Ƭεģǰ棬ô׷׷ϡ׷ˣҲһˡ
лܵһ겻е壺εԽ࣬Խʵտ㣬Ầ¡
ʲô
°ͣЩ֣лתͷĿЩ㱣һΡ
Σ
лŽ̸˼
олţлŲô˵Ҳôġɲ֪Ϊʲô˵ÿ仰ȴƫ˾ãлš
ΣлɫһֿƲסľǿЦͲ֪ʲôʱҪˡ
·߲ͷлŲҿתͷૣãã󲻵ã޲áʲô޾ҹɫҪܴ˵̣
һţѣ
ΨһĻҲֻûмʱӦһ䡰ϲ
ʲôҪɥѣʧó
ͷʱЩãȻ
֪ΪʲôͷʲôвΨ
ʲôûʱӦһ䡰ϲ
㶿źҹ
ĲĻĪ񶮵á
ʮˣɥʦɥѣĽһΨһ˶
ȥܾãлĽް޺ޣжʹ࣬ɴ˿̿ʧȥʵʶʵǸˡ
л˪˵
ûܳΪлҲܡ
ֻǴδ˽̹αȻи飬ѹƽ֮¡
ҲΪһˣΪһ磬֮ôĴ󹦳ȴʼ޷ԭ
᣺ûʲô
лתͷãЦЦʲôúܺãֻǣ콫˹ˣ̫࣬ĥѡһ·ףлţָϷף֮࣬ձ
Ҳա
лƽֻۣҪ񳯡
˵ţ֣Աͷ쵽̧ۿ㣬ҵĽ񳯡
⻰Щ޷
лŵͷǷһ㣬Ťͷ˯ɣҾߣҲûôܡ
˵ţڴߣһֻȣִϥϣ۾
룬ɻشϡ
ڵл˵ϲȣѽܡ
ûм䣬ûĽһҲû콣ڸκ͸
ֻʮ꣬һľܾദ꣬ʲô̸˵̶ɶռϲƺҲ֡
ϲӰʲô
վǳϲ켣Ҳǳǳһۡ
ȥ³ΪǸĽĽһбعԭλ
˼оƽ
Ŵʡ
лŵĺ
֪˿̱ضܣлŸױܣÿζ򶨣ﶼޡ
һ뵽ָоĪЩڴһĥţҪлŻָ˼䣬껹ܲסԼԼܣŲ
ǸСӣţǼ⣬˵ġ
ԥƬ̣ŵ͵ͳģܿˡ
лԣһ١
˭ж
ŴʣƽȣЩ㲻֪ͬ㱣֤ͬʲôǣ
ϾѾ뿪öˡ
˵ЩԼ˵Ҳ˵ˣûʲôԲ
۾ٹȻ䣬ϮӦͱ˸ű͵һѱ
㡭
Ҿ֪лдЩЦºˡ
ȥ
ϰ·һлţ̲סһţлȴֻЦ
ЦЩƣëϡ
׼ߣͻȻͷһǣӴȥ
Σˡ
˵ţ´תȥ
ڴУ̲ס̧ڶͷƬ̺ʶ
񣬱ˣϷˣ
һʱοԼ顣
ȥͺˡ
ȥˡ
ȥлžˣ
뵽оԼϣϱһǣ˻ȥ
һ˯ȵڶͿݳлźͺԺæ
ŵлŸϽ̧ͷӭȥ˼ָˣ㣬࣬׼棬Ҫʲô
ЩɻǢԺһۣЩлֻģôܺݳô׽
лż˵һ㣿
Ŷֻɡ
ãȥʢ࣬ȥҡ
˵ţлűȥ˳
źۼɨһͥԺзŵҩģ֪ݳ׼ߺ֮º󣬱ջĿ⡣
˷תݳ̧ͷȥЩɻ󣺡ݳ
⻰ݳ񣬵˵ͷ·ʲô¶ûһ㣬ͬ˵ҩԣֲ±ɹʱʹá
ڷлŰ˹л緹˱㰴ݳķԸʼ׼֮¡
ҩҩ׼ߡ
һ׼Ѿǻƻ裬ݳ˽˷䣬ɺ߷ڴߣǡ
û飬ۿװȥԵЩ¡
˽·ǿüһ̧ͷӭǽŵķ
ݳݣҩ£ҩУֱڣ˵ҵ۾
ΣݳƬİײ̿ʵش𣬡ָǰ̫ܡ
ôΣ
ƺȫݳֻǴôҵ£ǲˣͲضˡ
⻰΢΢ü߸ϽǰգصģݳẦġ
˵򴽣ֻ֪ܵҵ۾Ҫôܺá
Ȱҩ˰ɡ
ݳתͷһۺߣߵͷߵԱߣţصȺҩ
ʲôҩ
ǡ
ɢݳͣȥ̾ûʲôʹˡ
㵽Ҫʲôüͷݳһۺߡ
ߺݳ֮ҧҧ㾶ֱǰֱһס°ͣͿʼҩ
߶ݣкŻæ
ֻǻûüлһǰź߰סҩֱȥ
һҩ£ٿţ㡭㡭
˵ţҩЧʼЧǰѣлźͺ˿Ϊݳó·
ݳǰʼ۲
ֻü϶˵֣㳹׻ȥݳǰƬ̣ȷˣֳ̧󣺡롣
䣬лѾ˹ݳ룬ܿȥ
лſһۣЩɻ󣺡ʲô
ܳӯѪһ½ȥ۾
ݳţ룬תͷߣʦ㣬׼𣿡
ˡ
ߵͷֻʣȡԼ

ݳ˵꣬ͻȻʲôתͷһԵĻƬ̺󣬲ŵʦ㣬лȳȥɡ
ͷһлţл˳ȥ
˺ţվſڣŷᷢ£
лżɫ룬ֻǻ˺ˣҲΥ𣿡
طǣЦЦ
䣬ڴʹ֮
ȭͷƽΥ
˵꣬ûƬ̣žͱ顱һײ
ѪһֻѪ۾ײײ߳
æǰһѷסߣʦ㣡
øϽۣߴϢţʰӣȥһ˿ڡҪ֪Ҹۡ
˵ţڻϣߴߣ

̧ͷһ۽üͷлţźȥķ䣬ó׼õҩͱ
ϣѪָ£䵽档
ŵڵϵѪ˴
ҩֿʼƱ
߱۾ЩڣһֱΪֹҡ
ֹ𣿡
ûáЦҪ£˭ס
ˣĻۿ΢ɬײǽͷײĲᣬߣҪӺ
ôͻȻô˵
ĻЩЦ˫۾ΪֻܹһֻѾ׬ˡ
ǣݺݴ˸ᣬ׬ˡ
ѹ˵ˣŻΪૣԺٻúˡ
á
Ӧ˿ڣ¡
ʱ̲ס
ʦ㣬ڣ֪δᱳ㣬Ầ㣬ڽ𣿡
ڡ
ЦҽΪģΪȥΪΪδ
һֱƭأ
һֱƭңҲδڴϣƽȣֻΪȥΪδĹδ˵κңҾɱ
౨ڣ


50 
źߵĻ, ͻȻ
ںߣ̲ססߵ֣һ̣оԼصʱ, ʱһ, ĸסʦʦʦ, ϻҪء
һ˶źϻΨΨŵŵ춼˵鱱ʹ
˵öԣƽ, ôһ, ʦһɱ
ô˵ôĻ
Цӣ˴ˣ̫, ֪, ҵ¡
˵ţƺЩƣĻ, ˯һ
Ӧźߵ, 㲻˵
չźߣȵҹ, ߱㷢, ﺬ˵
ݳлŻæŸ, һչ, , ָιˮææµµУ߲Ұ͵ͺۣݳǸҩһʱЩܡ
չ˺ߣʵһˡ
Ҳǵ꣬һۣŸգԼһҹﺰۡ
ųȥֱĳ嶯Ѻ߷ͷιҩ
ߺҩЩԺҲ֪ǺǺ
һҹӭʱȶ۾ҩιҩ
ûһͻȻƺںЩʲô
߶һ٣̰סֻȥ
˵ţҩһԣȹϵڣͿлĮȻվһߣ䵭ݳִأأ
㣿
лſϻͷ˹ȥ
üͷͿݳƴͬͣȥҪõҩŵҪ
۾ģ˭۾ƺʲô߭ݳÿȥȥҡ
û˵꣬һקݳһŽ˺ݺ߻شϣŭȳҰЩʦộԼ𣿣
⻰֣ſڴϣŻߵλã͵ʹϢ
лߵĮȻʱ֡
ͷհõۻѪ棺۾ʦģúţȥҩٸҶҾֱӴĹͷĽⱲӶղ˽
㣡
ʦ⣬Ūֻ۾ǿⲻ𡣡
⻰΢΢һ
侲ֻһݳӣɡ
˵ţݳÿλãݳǰ飬ʱþڡ
û˵꣬͵س֣лŶͿһסݳӣקǰһֻ̽һذףݳϡ
ݳóҽȭŹԶڳˣԵ쳣򶨣ֻصѣȷлú˵
Ѻ߽
ȫ۾Ż
ȭͷͿȳҪ߹
ˣ
ߵ˻ͷȥͼվűߡ
ɫŲԶصſ

Ҫ󣬺̾˿ǰȥߵǰ˦ݳһץں߼ϡ
æǰлȴһסˤݳ
°ɣ
һݳݳҡҡͷлŷ
˿ԱͺߣͿƽվǰԷ֣Ħ۾ϡ
ϸ¸˫ۣڴȥʱס
ҵ۾
֪˼ƽȿڣϣģҲòˡ
ƭң

侲ûƭ㣬ԡ
˵ϵ΢
״̬Щɻ
ԸΪۣø˲ǣ״̬ȴûа㻶ϲӡ
þãųҪʲô
߶һ٣Ƭ̺۾Ըͼʲô۾ˣд˼Цҿͼʲôˡ
ָ䣬ںǡ
þúŵߣն񡣡
һô꣬Ҫ̵
ļ磺ú˰ɣһأȥϢ
˵ţתȥ
ǳװݳȥβϢŻлһ߳䡣
ߵȣݳȥЩƣ̲סӣæһҹȥϢɡ
ݳͷлʦġ
Ҷ˵ֻӦһûд𻰣˲˵Ҳ뿪Ƭ̣л㣬߰ɡ
˵ţŻתݳͻȻڣʦ㣡
лһͷͿݳעĿд˼ֳɣҡٹվҪ뿪ϳǰΪ֪ʦãǷʣ
⻰֣ЩãȻ
ҪȥΪʡʲô
лҲԾⲻԣ΢üͷȥҽʲô
ݳЦǲ˼΢΢ʦͬΪŮӣԼһʦ˼
Ŷ⻰ŤͷȥͥԺֻȥɣ㵱ȥġ
ȥ𣿡
ݳظһߣЩ˵ڡ
һģȻ
ȥȥȥˣͻԶز
񲻹һݣʲôı䣬Ҳûʲô壬ֻܵȥɡ
ˡ
ݳ˸Щʧƽһڳ
˵ţݳת뿪
תŻıӰһֱĿݡ
лԱ߾ţ˴òڵȻȥȥʲô
ôһʣŷӦװûлŵĻֻҲæһˣȥϢɡ
лŲվԭصͷ
Ͻȥ
ǲΪϲǸ
ţ
ɻ̧ͷлŤͷͥԺЩģǲΪϲ˵ʲôǣ
ǣлŵĲ²ⶺЦЦÿֻʲôأ
ǲǣ
лŹִ׷ʣΣֻܵǡ
Ϊʲô
лü룬ֻҲһ
Ϊ
лŲ⡣
̾˿СС;ͱô࣬ȥ˯ɡ
˵ţļ磺Ͻ
лŸݳһϣҲЩƣתȥϢ̲סͷأ
ʲôס
лƽҲνɱ𣿡
⻰꣬þãЦ⡣
콣ڣڣⳡУΨһ⡣
лһ㶣Ƭ̺мͷ͵ӦһŶ
˵ţæתԼ˻ȥ
ŲƺЩң̲סЦ
˶ȥϢֻһ
ڳȺϣصƻ裬Щ٣ڳС˯Ѽ䣬ͻȻоһ󼲷磬һֵ󾱣һ£ʶֻǽڣ˵֣˲Ŷԡ
Ӧܿ죬̵ڳȷϡ
Ա߽Ų𣬽нԶ
ȽŲʧסżϤĺ㣬۾㿴лŶԱߣ㣬ˡ
̧˸ꡱĶ˿棬ϡ
˵ţ˸Ȼ۾ûָƾʶȴҲߡ
ʵΪԶиãһ·⡣
˲ԶлŰдΪʲôҪߣ
⻨Ҳ֪ϸ뿪ͼʲô
ҡҡͷʾֻ֪ǰ˴ҹܱ춯סлţһԾϣغԼϢ
ǰһΣͣסŲὣ
ӴӴװ
˴Ӱ£Χסʲô
۾ûˣĴͻȻյǰ۾ջֻ۾Ǻߵİɣ
û˵ֱӰνļǰָǰƽڣÿ
ðЦ䵽棬漴ɫһ䣬˵ˣ㲻ߡ
Ǹң
и٣´ֻǣһŽؾͻ˺ͨѶƣģˡɵúܣ̧֣û뵽չô˳ܾ꣬۾Ըˡ
ĸ˳ƺơ˼ľ⡣
ص΢΢񣬡Ŭһ£պҾ͵óƺΪˡ
պûйϵǵҲ롣
˵޴ֻÿ
룿
ǾúЦΪڳͿԺþۺɢΪûһֻ۾Ҫǵ֪Ϊ˺ŵߣӡ
û˵꣬Ѿһֱȥ
ɫ䣬һƲԳԷƣ
˵ţ̧һӣܱʮʿȥɱ
ûѸٽսлڸߴлųɣҪҪˣ
룬ڵΪǸźһ
ûжֻȵȡ
˿Ĵ˽սһĴ˶ǽڣʮƺγһּΪӵ󷨣м䡣
ʶܱ̽˵λãվȲ۾ȷһʱ֮䣬סǴ˸ѷ֡
һֻһֻȻֹȴһһ㱻˿ڣûжãѶ˺ۡ
Ķȫʧڵء
ĿˣЦ
㲻Ը⣬վԶȻȣǾȥ
˵ţЩһǵط˹ȥ
͸˿ߣ֯·ҪмֱиƬ
Ƭֻ̣䡱һ죬ͬ˾ϯȺһ俪һ߶棬һŮӴͻϮָ̧һ겱Ჽ뷨ץסһק󷨣Ա߳ȥߣ
ͬʱˮ˳ŵһ·ȥӾ뼱ˮˮһֻֻѹ
ʦݳˣ
һ֣֪߳ǡӦóֵʱ䣬ǲ˼г˵ĳƺץɫӵлŴһԾ£ս֡
άŽڵļ󣬺лݳһźһԶ
ļˣɫ΢䣬Ǹȥ˽׷š
ˣ߿ţۣһֱĸġ
״Ϣ
ʲô𣿣
̲סúôţЩ˸

ȣģ
⻰һ㶣лͬʱ˹ȥĿⶼϣݳ΢΢üص㡭
ֻǻû˵꣬ǰͻȻл̧һն·⣬ǰתͷѣˡ
˵գ㿴ǰȫӰסӣŷѾ׷һأԱ֮ϣ׹ڵˡ
ĴǰصҪܰ
ܵͣģ㿪Ǳߡ
ĻתͷΪɻ󣺡㲻ҵ𣿡
ǣ԰ҹҳΪĸϻͼպҵ
ϻɫټ죺һʼҾӽͷβƭ㣬ȥŽؾǹģҾҲǹġ
ʲôأ
ߴ顣
ֻᷳ㣬ٽӽˡ
ߣվڸߴһˣЦ׹ںصе˽˶Թϻ޹أͷø·׹ڴһ˽¡
߲˵̧ۿԶġ
ҪȴţĶӣƬ̺Цݡ
Ҳأ
ôϻɢ޵¶Ҫܣ
Һϻˣ͵ѹܱһ·ѹȥ׹ָ
ãԣ̲סЦϻһţ׹ڵȷҷۣߣɼǺˣµĲһˣһߡգĹһЦҪڡ
Һ󲻺ڻֵõ˵
ָ̧һƣݺ˦ϣ
һ˦ۣˣͷǰ
ߣıһƣҼǺˡ
˵ţ̧һӣкˣߣ
׹ڵԣѸٳˡ
һͷлŰźȥһɲһӰݳ
ֻһδüӦͿݳѾֱӵڻǰ
͵ۣ֣һѷסݳǰ
븹ݳͬʱŻһںѪ
ӣݳ˶ڶ
ʲôһ˲֮䣬ЩֲʱգоԼֻصǰݳԼһɲ
ߣ˫ɫǹУͷ
૽֣
лţȥɡ
˿ʲôû˵Ȼȴ˫۾͵һģһʱأ˵ʱĻ
лȺзӦ죬ݳ˲䣬лűѾǰһĲϣҩ
Ŀ˿壬ֻͷЦųôСǿϧˡ
˵ţҩƿԶһӣлʶͷȥץ
͵̧ץлһߴоֱ̽лŻͷһסͷĺݺ˦ȥ
ļ˦һ㳯ԶˣЦų׹ڹϽӲȻ˺ϻĿ䣬ʹõӣϻ
˵ţ̧һ˦ֱһʿʺѪʿÿʿڵأͨһŵˤȥ
лжߣתŻȥ
Ѿȡҩƿݳι£лŹתͷ侲ͬݳȥ
лŵ͵Ӧߵ
ݳһֱڸڲڿʲô
лʰ飬ȥݳ㣬Ȼȥ
Ļǿ̧ͷþãŵ˵ͷš
лݳ߿һֻۣȻȥһлҪ˵
˵ʲôάϵ򶨣ͷá
˵꣬ͬлһݳ뿪
Զ߲Żعͷŵ
ЩһСϣϢſ
߿ʶսȻʲôշſ
ƽǰˣһһߵǰ
˵Ҷ˵ˣ򶨣ҪɱҪ㡣
ΪʲôҪӣ
һ飬üǲͣ㡣
Ϊʲôƭȥ
˵ˣŤͷ㣡ᵽҲƭ
û˵꣬°͵ػͷ漴ȵĴ
һ㶣Էɵס
ʶץԱݣڶԷ
Ϊʲôӣ
ᡭ
Ϊʲô
ߣ
Ϊʲô
ױϷ˰ʱ˼
һֻƽһקϱ֮ڣ˵
˵ٺš
۲˿ڣۡ
Ļʲô룬ۣͿǰϷ
ԦƽһΣΪʲôҪӣ
˵Ǿ䡰㡱۾ޣᣬ˸߹ܡ
һʱ֮䣬ӡˡһ£է֡
˵¶ģ𴽽ǣҡ
ģʹ۾
ߣ͵ؽ뻳УΪ߸˵þгڻſڣϲ㡣
ΪϲƭˣŲˣӲˡ
ĻЦĲӣˡ
ڻҰϷʱлűݳصСԺ
ݳѾѹĿһֱڻϣûƿƬ̡
лżװĿ⣬ڴϣתͷһۻֻȥϢɣչӡ
˵ݳֻһ˲ĶӣףԷ¡
̫ʣԷҲʡ
ȥϢɣһлţͬ˵˵
ʲô˵
лžֱڣͺá
лţ̧ۣǿҪͬ˵
лŲм䣬ôһ˲Լƶࡣ
̲סȭͷɫ䣺ÿ
Ӧҵġ
лĻ̲ס˵
ҴӦ㡣
֪˵ʲô˵Ҫõͬ⣬лţǺݡ
⻰лŶһ
Ż񣬸оһ
Ҳݳǰͻִװױ˿Ц
ֻܵͷ૳ǣ㡣
˵ţת˳ȥ
߳䣬ǰ˷š
ʣݳþã
һû뵽ݳȻϳ
ݳͷҴ𻰡
ݳ̬֪̾㡣
㡭ʶŴϸ񣬡ô֪
ݳ͵ͳˣҼлš
⻰ûһ㶣漴ʶʶлŵĵ꣬ݳлš
һлһģһһģһˣôһ㶼ɣ
̽㣬д֣ȻѾ˺ܶģһϵá
㶻ͷڴϵݳԷд˼ֱΪʲô˽ӣ
һ仰ԾЩᡣ
ŶԷǿЦҳʲôӣ
ݳĿд˼ѹ֣йоأѾȫû֮ǰˡ
𣿡Цǰ˵ֳ˵塣
Ϊʲôװ
ݳûкɣֱʳԼʣΪʲôϣ
أ
ʣΪʲô֪ݣҴ
Ϊ֪ʲôһԼԭ򣬡ݳΣֻϡǸشҵˡ
֪Ƣ¶ش⣬ҪԷȴԼġ
¶ò
ǰʻˣŵɽ·ϣ裬ȥлš
ʱΨһҵȾ
ˣҪѡˡ
ǰˣо޷Ϣǵðѻ˵ȥǿЦΪһٵĻþ
þ
ݳЩãȻͷͣЩǹȥ飬ڵֻһӰһֻΪ˿귢ʲô
ݳ⻰㶿Żþãף˵ͷԣұ밴յĹ켣ȥŲŵ㣬𣿡
š
ݳʲôû˵
һڣ֪δˣ
֪
ȥˣ𣿡
ԡ
Ҹˣ𣿡
ǡ
Ķϲ𣿡
ϲʣݳ⻰Ц
Ҿͷˡ
ɫºͣƺûʲô
ǰˣ̲ס㲻Լ𣿡
ݳ˵Ż
עǰˣþãԷԣλڵ㣬жˣ
ꡣ
ôݳЩźѾû㣬ˣ𣿡
⻰͵ۡ
ݳ϶ԼĲ²⣬ֻʣڣԲԣ
˫£һƬģпµꡣ
þãܹǡ
⻰Ӧɲǣŵл͵ۡ
һ˲֮䣬ѩ
ŻѾˣþúþˡ


51 
⻰, ݳĿƺûʲô⡣
ƽЩꡭ
ƺʲôȻͻȻס
ʵʲôأ
, Щúò, ǴӼдһ˲ʼ, 벻ã֪ˡ
ֹڴ, ˺þ, ˾Ĭ, ݳЦЦ, ڿ, ֻʣôģ
ȥҡԼƽ, , ң㱾Ҫ, ˵Һлųף
Ȼأ
ʵֻǺһϲƾ, ˭֪л»鵱ҹ, ƶû, ˡ

벻
ŻĻһ֮, лŵ͵ʹϢţԺ档
ˡ
Ժĳ, ƽϢԼĺ, Լ侲
ȻŻ, ֪ΪΣȴꡣ
ɽһĳ٣ڶʱĻ̿֡
̫٣δй//飬ڼǾʧ룬ȵ侲ԼȢ
˷֮ʵ͵Ȣ
ʱ̫£֮ĹϵֱӣʶԼҵһȢʱŵϲá
ڿһԭɣȥ˼δȥΰպ֮ƽô뿪ôȴ
Įȥ˵˻£ϲֻɻ飬Σ
Ĭ֮ʱʵϢȭͷ
ֱЦЦҪҳɻ飬ûʲôǲһ¡
ʲô
лһ֪Լʲô۾ֻ룬ϲȥģɶԷһЦֻסĲӣ𤵽ϣ˵̫ҵ˺þá
ֱ⻰Ĳ԰΢΢˫һ·͸
ͷֻӦһš
˵꣬Լû˵ã㲹һ䣺֪ˡ
Щֱ»鵱ҹĸͷ
һ̣ų̧ͷĹϾ޲
޴Ҹгӯģİ˶̿
Լѿ覴ãֻǿӲŲĿ⡣
֪֮֮ͨ󡪡¡
Լڴ˿̵ĳκαʣԼβĽԼΪزס֮硣
ǱƵûУʹҴӿ
Զҹɫ֮Уܹƽʼδ
ס֮磬֮ƽһĽ֣жΪлŵΡͻ
ʱΪԶ
֮ʹȥŷǽԼصС
һݣ͵ڵأ˲ڴڴϢ
ӱʶأط꣬ת飬ʧ񡭡
һ淭ɶ֯һξ֮Уԭ֮ϣͷ
·ͣסһбð
Ϊ˼˵лţˡ
侲ڵϲ
һߣþƵ˵ŵꡣ
ɱңΪұǺˣȰͻ˺ϻںϻ֮¡ϻ䣬ĸ׶ɽʧܣһȫˣ˺ʦңʶˣûˡһ˻úܼįΪ˺ϻҵû
Цûͬ˵һϰߣÿաҲļգҶ˵˵

ݳŻı飬΢΢ü˵ˣ뿪ɡ
˵ˣݳͲܻ𣿡
⻰ݳǲͬ
ҿĿ⣬Ťͷȥ㲻õˣҹúܺãû۸ҲúܿһӢģֻǲûһ𡭡
лأ
ݳû
ݳ룬ӴߵǰºͣһţˣҶϣúáϣҵİÿһն֣ҲϣҵİѭԼģúùСһˣҲҲڣһ˶С
Ѿˣݳ̧֣ڻͷϣζ㶼ҪΪᡣ
Ѿأ
̧ͷݳ
ݳһ㶣Ż񣬺þúЦЦǻþ
˵ţ֣ᱧסҶԣںúõģ͸úúûš˳ıģ߸˵ģȹŵÿһ졣
ڻŲ¶ȣݳѯʣӦңúûš
ۣãȻǽڡ
þãŵƳá
ݳٱܳʱ䣬һΣӵܳ
úŷſº͵ȥϢɣҵ˯һҪȥ
ۿ΢죬ݳЦҲȥղպˡ
ͷͷ˵ͷ
ȥ˯ˡ
˵ţЩȥæתߵſڣͷĿݳݳ㷢ÿ춼·𣿡
ݳЩ죬Ƭ̺Ц֪
⻰⣬˵ͷЦת뿪
߳䣬ƲסɬԼطɴӻص俪ʼЩƲס
һߣϥסԼҧҹᡣ
û
హġġʹġģ˵ѧ˲˵
ѧΪȹӣҲѧ˰䰮֮ˡ
ʹֻ֮к
ץԼֱۣԼҪ˺þãſڴ֮
ŵĺ㣬û̧ͷ
ԷҲû˵߽ݣǰ
Ӱ¹⣬ϣͷڱ䡣
лſһĻĬš
þã͵ͳ
֪һʱ䣬𡣡
Ҳ֪
лƽ
ͷˮ۶ǰ꣬Լелغϣֻ㲻ҵܵܡ
˭
лţ콣Ľһͽϲˡ
ϲ㣬ϲ˺ü꣬ӦңҾûϵҿԼ֣Եȡǳף㻹ңʱȫ㣬ҿˡݳһֱȰߣҲϡȰҷ֣ҲԸҺ˵ϲлԼ£ûйϵ
أ
ɺҳףˣȻɱңʱˣźӣЩ㱣˵Щ˵ݳĹûܵͰҷЩҲңĥ
˵ţлűʱ龰
ݳҪˣθҵƢʱȴݳ֮С
ֻĥϿԳһǡ
ȥû䣬Լֱۣҹˣŷҳ
ʱȫѪ˶ҲˣұҵһʶʱҺ¡Ҿ㣬˵ţ̧ͷϣܾ֪֮ݣҵ㣬㣬Ⱦ
עҲ
л⻰֪˽֡
֮飬Ϊͽİٵӽ֮УɽѶϾ
ϵ㣬Ҿֻܴȥ콣ڣ޷ͱȥǶ·̫ˡ
˵ţ޳Һ֣죬ûйӦҲûСҿһʱ򡪡ʱ򣡡
޵˵ǰץס°ڣĿȫûнࣺź˵ҽһ뿴רΪһƯ·ôһԸҴûСŵʱҴûУ
Թ㡪ҺΪʲôڣҺΪʲôӦ֪ûʲôҸú޵ġֻԼ
ſڵ棬޳㣬Щ뿪㡭Ͳ
лû˵뻳С
ͷ۾ޡ
ÿһ޶ϣ֪Ϊʲôۡ
ͻȻףΪʲô
ҲͻȻף˿԰
Ȱһ䡪ȥˡ
Ϊ֪ȥôףҲ޳
ͷסɬḧıοһӡ
ȵֹſͷҭ
лţڣˣ𣿡
һᡣ
ûӿ
лűֻˡ
պ
غϻ㸴¡
δֻҪͷһڡ
ͷлţȥˡ
лҪ˵Ȼûг͸о֣Ĳӣֱۣãȥˡ
лŶһһ۾
лţ˵ݳûϻûг£һʲôӣ
лļ裬
ƽȴĪİ
һᰮ㡣
һᰮ㡣
һ㡣
ǻһ



52 
⻰, 㶡
Ŀƽᶨݲۡ
ʶ, ֪, һһˡ
֪ԼҪʲôҲ֪Լʲô, ĸѵãõ, ʯ, 糤, ɴת
ĸ, 
һ, , һһ̤ٲ
ᰮ
һˡ
ֻһ˼ǵõĻþ
˵ʲôʲô, ǰ˶ǵá
ȳȥǻ, ҲϾ
ʲô, ͷ̲ס΢΢ǰ, ͣлǰƽĿ⣬Ƴ֪, ʵҺ˽ˡ
Ҹͬĸ顣̧, üۡ
Ҳκŵ, κδָһ·»ؿڡ
, ұӣźܶˡܶ£΢̧ۣƺ֪һе۾̰㰮ҡ
֪
лƽ̧ס֣ͻȻ֣仰ûôѡ
ʧǶʱ⣬һһ̵ϲ밮
ȥû˸߹ЩңԶҪô̻
濴ŻƽȿڣҰ㡣
ţͷ̲סЩЦ
лżǵУ˵仰
֪㣬𴽣Ӧš
ԺϲģҶѧעüۣ˵棬ѧܿ죬ֻҲ֪ʲô
֪
һ
ʶ֪ųϻۣʲôܾ׼Էƶ񣬿ƫ⡣
֪˿Сˣ֪˸˵ֶΣȴЩ˵ɣҲͺ׸ʲôϣȥ֧衣
콣ֽʲôʵʲô
ӽˣνĮȻ۲˰ޣƶЩδȴԶᰮޡ
ΪѺǲס
ҲҪѧʲôָϣҸˣҽ㡣
л濴
Цյߣѹн㡣
лһ㶣Ťͷ˼ռһ飬һ֪Ц
˯ɡ
Ц񱧸һ˫ַڴϡ
ȥϴ˯
˵ţȥ
ע⵽Լĺ㣬ס·ʲôˣ
л⻰ͷѪҡͷͣ·÷
Ŷ
лת߽ҡ
ֱ̧֣ϸϸܵ˿ڡ
ɵ˿ڲϣû
߶ľ˿ڲ޸
·٣ϴ֮󣬲˻ȥ
Ѿ˯£ߵߣһྲŻĲա
ʵϣ
֪
Ҫģʲôǵãʮлš
лŴ˺þãϴڻС
Ұ㡣
͵˵һ飬ϸÿһ֣࣬ѪҺ
ЩƣȵڶѾɨɾ
ŹǷ߳䣬ߺͥԺ
߸ιųԵģ죬
΢΢üǲϲֻԼС
Ҹչ˵Ļߴ֣
бһԣᡣ
ˡȻĴڣѵߣҪ
Ŷˡһ⻰õңͲϧ
ߣ
Խ˵ԽûףϽ˵˵ι

ýζԱͻȻлŵعͷͿлŶŶ
֮ǰûʲô̫Ĳֻͬǳƺӡ㡱ˡüͿһӲ͵㣺˶ӡϺȡ⣬棬˵ţ̧ͷʲô
лţлŵĻͻȻӦȻͷΪ𾪣׼ô࣬͸һ뼦
ֲǳӣԿԼ󡣡л˵ֱ׳ߵʣҲС
㿴ӣлŵĻ̧ͷܲˣ
ܰ
ץ˸ӣҧһڣǲԳԾˣ̫಻á
˵ţתͷлţ𣿡
ˣڷš
ǹȥɡ
˵ţƲߵ
ݳͷż
ɫȥ࣬л߹ЦЦżյУˣ
ӺЩ𣿡
ݳ棬лŽԵķŵϣм䡣
ݳŻʻЦһСˣҹˡ
ǻ˵Ż˽һ˵¶ϱ˼ŭһ۸ͷϣ׹ڣ
ʦ㣬˺˵ݳߵĻҡͷȰ裬ģ׹׹ڣ˵ǻ¡
£бǾҡ
ЦҪϻףһ»£ȥҹ˵£Ҫ군
ˣ˵ţݳʲôʱ
վ͵óˣݳЦЦȻ
ҲǣߵͷǺúóһ٣С
á
һȳ극߸ϻ˵˴˴׹ڵϢӵϢã˻Ƭֻ̺ͬ飬Ȳš
߶Դ˺ǲڶһ˳ԷתͷͻԹ¶ǵˣֱӴžˣ飿
ţʱͺһϻǿʢδ룬ſ񣬿
ЩȴѾõĹǡ
ͷߵƣº͵ӣҲɱһ˵Ͼ׹ʹȻںϻǸ񣬵ֻǿ䣬ϻǿȥ֣˵ȥ˿δˡ
һ䣬ɱһ˵
ϻѾڶ࣬ûǴʱĸӦѾԼҪɽ٣ϻǸϢˡ
Щ벻ףֻüͷĶѧЩǹɱ˸ǿ׹Ҫ˵ȥ˵ȥǿΪ𣬲
ʦ˵ò޵
ݳһţڿڣʦ㣬Щ
úúã߼˶˵Ͻ̧֣Ҵˣ˵ˣϽȾơҰһֻ۵һۣ¡
ݳЦЦ˵߾ӣһȡ
һٱԳԺȺȵ˻ƻ裬߿˿ɫӴʱ˰ɣݳҹдҪɣ
дݳ˼Цġ
߲֪ݳݣдʲôģ
ˮǵĹ磬Ҫ
߰߰ɣվȥͷ㡣
˵ţһȥǮһǰߡ
ϣ˸߸ǰ棬ݳƬ̧̣ۿлţͬʦ˵仰
лŶһ٣һۻͷųá
˼ԶԶں棬ݳУݳƽȥ𣿡
ˡ
Ӧݳͷ
ͷԶԶŵлһֻۣͷͬô˵ģ
ʵʵ˵
ܱҹм˫ֱ󣺡ϣңʲôûҲܸӦĸ顣

֪ⲻƽҾһΡ
תͷЦͲǵãûʲôӰ졣
㵽ʲô
ݳףĬһڣҾʲôܸ㣬ܸǡ
Цݣδ
һ˵δ
ҪôҪôǻȪꡣ
ݳ˵ܸˣҲصģҲСʱ֪Ҫʲôʲôصġ
˵ţһ˵ͷߺֻͷ߳ݳ󺰣ݳˡ
ݳͷŻþãʣᷢʲô
һصϻһºĸ׶ɽʧܣϻ𡣡
βһ̧ͷϣģһΣлڡ
ݳ˵ƺЩѹ
ڣֻߵ̫ˡ
㶣ݳ֣ᱧ˱ʲôû˵ת뿪
ңıӰĴлϢվߣڻС
ߺݳŴת˾ƣ£֪ͨҺȥ֣أ
Ҹ㰡
ü˦ң

Ϊ͹䣬߰ɡ
˵ţת򳤽֡
˵˵ЦЦЦݲ࣬һֱ˵ԶԶţĪЩʡ
ͷһԱлţ룬лϡ
лһ㶣Ϳü죿
ûУлźܿ췴ӦЦ˵ԼҺܸˡ
ǻ̸ʮлŵġ
лϣԶźߺ
лڵƻתͷ룬ڲʣݳ˵ʲô
ûʲôһ֮ᷢ¡
֮󣿡
лһʣƺûϸл˵ڵ
ô뻭˵лžţ˵꣬ɻ󣺡Ϊʲô뻭أ
ţŵҪҪƭлš
лŹ۲ɫ׷ʣ֮ǰ˵ܵܣ˵ǣ˵ϲˣһҪ֮»Ҫ֮ʲôֵ˭
¡˵
ţһʵлţЩƭֻʵ𣺡֮뻭֮ʱޡ
ޣ
лɻ󣺡ҳˣ
ͷ鿪ڣˣʵӦǽסݳղžǺԺ󣬡Ͻػ⣬Ϊ࣬иҵǰ֪ͨ㡣
ʲô£
ʵҲ
˵棬лŵ˵ͷŻԼʵݣǺϻ
ˡ
л˼кθϵ
԰һݻغϻʱ㲻Ҫ̫ȡ
á
ɹƿ˿̧ͷŲԶߡ
ƺǸ˸潫٣ϴЦͷ˵ʲô
ϴЦʱԶ֪˭̻
ͷ̻ʱȴͷںߴϡ
Ƭ̣֣סӡ
ңңţ֪Ϊʲôһ̣ȻЩĽ
㲻ƽ̹Ľ֮£ϰߡ
Ȼ̻һһը֮䣬ͻȻ˽
ãȻͷͿͷϡ
Զ̻ʢţ˸ߺţү񡪡
оϸ꣬ݽߵģ̲ס۾
ֻסĲӣż⡣
лŸоĻӦ§䣬ǡ
̻ɢǹϣᴭϢţѯʣҿһ𣿡
Цֻ̧ۣʣ˵أ
лź΢٣Ƭ̺󣬻ֻ΢ѾԱС
һѽڻУ̧ͷֵͷȥ
ǵЩͻþξȻͬ
˵ĴʵϢ¶ȡĴУһϲ÷衣
ܱԶˮƻͨ
ȴڰһһǡ
ѹǽϣо˹оĶʲô
ܾЩƲס
һ̶ˮûʶֱһ̣Ȼæᡭ硭
лû˵ܱԶ
̧Ҫý磬лȴһѰס֡
лš
ҧ϶лŵͷͬҧŶ䣺и硣
˵лֻļǣһʵƣƭҵģû
ûһдˮԶߺ߹Ӿ޲лŲЦ
ܱ߳˲任һ봲齡
ģлѹϣʮָˡ
˵ţͷסĴ᲻õģ


53 
Ķ, ϸڴôɬ
ɽǴçײ㹻ģעϡ
ҹģģŴӰҡҷ, ɵ, ôѧʲôô졣
ֻУĽû/ô£
ȺɤЩ, ȥȡˮ, , ͵ͳ
˵, ȥȡˮ, , һιˮһ߶ʱ, ̲סʼĥͬ޽, »Ƕʮ, ôоôĽʽһǲ̫Щ
ŲЩϧԼڽ, Ҫڻ⣬Ϳת˫޹һˡ
һҹȷ˵лŵڣˡ--ּۻ-ƽ׶κ, ʼ, ˶һ
ĽҲûá
һֱԼ˯˯ǰл뱧, ̰ס, ˯, 㻹ᣬˡ
лŶ˶٣ֻֻǱ㡣
仰ظˣ
лţ
û˵һ˯˹ȥлſų䵽ϣЦЦֽ˱ڻġ
˯磬ȳźֺߺѾˡ
緹лʱøϣ߼ˣкŵӴˣϽԣҵա
Ǻ߶֣Щ棬лһ£һ˺һƮ˵üİɣ
еĳԾ㻹
ߴӴС룬ѡһϣָŻԡ
ûԹķһԵ̬һڡ
һǲ̫ӵģһú޷Žһ˲һɿ̴ЩǵֱͷһǺ˳ٿţָ棺ˮ
лŸϽˮι˽ȥ
߿ķӦɫ̫ÿȻò׻Ⱥʵ˵ǲ¶ˣ
ûôѳ𣿡
߲⣬̳һԱɫƽֹһ󡭡ȿȿȡ
û˵꣬ԼҲٿ
ƺԤϣıιˮˮ߷Ӧ̧ͷῴס֣ܿˣ
ɫĮֻðɡ
ңѺߣܿĻң
㲻Ҫ߻ͷһۣҵĹעΧ
⻰˵Ļͷ΢죬лŸ׷һȫΧ׼ָĲˣ֪ߵĲ˾Ϳˡ
ĸһٷ꣬˻ͬ˵ȥҲù̫֪û۾ǹ˻̣ʱ϶Ҵȥɼۣ˿ٻȥ
ѵãɻ󣬡ĶĲϣ
ݳߵʱҵģߴó̾˿ݳ̫̫͡ЩǰūͣƾͬͰĻˣҲϵȥϲǸлġǸлĽʲôš
üͷЩɻ󣺡˹ˣȥȥһСӣôתͷִˡ
⻰˶٣ͻȻӦߵǼлŵġ
ݳһ
ֵǣݳǵлţºȴǵá
˼һ֮ΨһĽֻǣʵĻ뻭ݳȴֻ⻭вݻˡ
ҲӰлŵļ
벻ףֻȳ˻֮
ãԹ˵ţСҼˣӣ콣²ǿϷˣҪͬ˫ޣǿǴ棬Ϊɽʿָտɴ
Խ˵ԽˣʱǺϻֶһλɽʿȹպǻһš
ŻĻЦŲ
ʶһֱ˵תͷô˵ǡܵܡȥĶ
Ҳûʲôطȥӣ㿩
ѽ߸ִϣʦһӣ˳лŶ
ѹóԡ
֪ˡ
Ƴһۡ
ͬ߶֮ճ̣ȥ֪лţлˣҲֻǵͷ㰲š
һڶϳס£㿪ʼŻһơ
ƣҺ飬ƴҲˡ
źºµľƣþãŵ͵Ӧš
þƣһȥԱɽϼĸףǰѾĸĹǰźɽ
ϣ˳ŷžƣ죬˵ĸס
һˡ
˵
Ƕϳһλ񣬺ˣ׹ڵŮūǸƺʧ£ĸ׻ҡ
ܵ׹עѪǼֻѪõĺӣǲһӣĸ֪ʹˡСʱҾڶϳ峤ĸûɷδӣﶼҲ;ңŴţҲ֪ôĴڣһи۸ĸףʱ꣬Ȼһ£ҾͰɱˡҳ£ҹطʶʿѪעҪ޵ģշת࣬ҵһɢޣԷΪͽǾʦʵһҲ͵ţʮˣûʲôý̵ģȥſ
ĻͷŻףأ
ž׹ڣȥպŴȣҵһοŵıԡ
ʮңңȺеĻʤߣ˾ۡͻȻ磬޾
һʱ岻ã˵ˣͺѹ
ʱһֱŬ׹ڣңȴҲסߵʱ򣬲Ÿң˵׹һλʿĶӣұ͸̤ɴţҿҸең˵ʿѪͬбҲҪȥסҲ뾡취ҵǸȻ֪ҵݡұΪûʲôͬĸǸˣ̾˽Ҵ˳ȥ˵ֻּĶ¡ֻǷΪξǼ֡˵Ϊ֮ӣԶ޷ߵߴ
ЦʹܿԼ޵ɽ٣׹Ҳҡ
ԣ뱨ǡףıֶΣͳΪ׹ڶ˵ˡ˵㱰ҪˣΪ׹ִߣ
ȥȷô롣
ЦЦһԱߴĺߣĿд˼͡
ڣмˡ
ûмҵʱ򣬾ͻִԼеĹ
ƺЩˣЦݶһЩԱߺߣ˵ţ÷ѪӣҲҵͼպغϻǳףкӣҺ͹ȥ㳹׸ˡ
ţı飬١
һתͷԸлţˣطɡ
лŵͷһ𽫺ߺͻط䡣ڳϣ紵лס֡
ƺЩɵѯʣʲôأ
룬лŻͷպҲк𣿡
һ㶣ͼлƺǺЩ⣺Уӻ᲻ۣСӻ᲻ҵƢܲܵһף
ڳȣԼĺܿҪӡ
㡭
Ļ̫ࡣ
ɻͷ۵ŵ⣬ͻȻʶ˵Щʱʵܸˡ
һɫǼΪס
ͻȻЩ˿ڣⲻǸþΪʲôҪȥƻƬ̵Ļϲأ
˵̧ۿʲô
ŶҾ룬һӦûǸøס
ǻкӣ
۵׵ӯ˵ƻµů⡣
ֱŤͷȥһɡ
⻰˲䣬ͻȻӭڻС
ҹЩ䣬紵ѹ
˵Һܸˡ
٣ƭԸ;úܸˡ
˯£˺ܶΡ
ҹ꣬ſڴڣһԺʢһ֮ϣӵĶϢ䲻䣬ͻȻ꾰Ư
һ㶼䡣
ƽһͥԺ
۾һ
ĸڶϳ˴꣬ЩԼʲôġ
ȵʮ˺ͨһģһ۾԰ϣ
סһʱ䣬Ҳ͸ûع֮¡Ȼûм죬յ˺ϻĴš
յŵգлȥɽ￳ЩӻԺӣһͿ߽üͷɫơ
ֱ죬ǰȥôˣ
ֻǵûعˡ
һ㶣̧ͷŻɫЩݳȥˡ
⻰վԭز
þã侲ŬαװӦеķӦô£
ҡͷֻ£˰ʬ˻ù档ԼǱߣ˵ӡrͻ
˵ţϴ˼ֵģ˭ϵȻȥУȥֻ¡
ŴƣЩңҲﲻʲô
׺ߵ˼ǵĪ˵ϻһ¶ҲԺƥ֮ˡ
̾˿ߣʦ㣬룬Ȼȥɡ
أ
̧ͷƬ̣Ҳȥ
á
ߵͷȥʰճ
ãԻȥʰ
ݣлűŽѯʣҪʰʲô
˵
ںϻλ̫ͣ鼸ӴҪصԼݣŷ¡
ʱ䣬ԼӦѾûվͻصϻ
˼Ƭ̣Ǭͳݹ⾵
ݹ⾵Ǻ߻Ļ˶ȥԼԿĻڸǵΪԶݱµĻ档
ݹ⾵۸һ£оתתͷͬлſڣҵûصԼݡ
ݣ
лף˵ͷӦڶ뺣λã뺣ߡ
Ѹдһݸлţϰҡ
á
лŽӹЩ᣺߼㣬ʱҪôһغϻ
ݹ⾵任ݡ
лǰ˵ʲôͿֵָ̧ݹ⾵ϣĨȥ˻ǸлšСˡ
Ϊβݹ⾵ıأ
ϡлšС˱ĨȥлŸоָ̧ۿұҲǴˣô
⻰üͷ΢壬룬ͷһȥԣ߲ʶ㣬ңʶʱٱһݡ
á
лӦȡݹ⾵۾ȥˡ
˵ţǰֳƬһСˣſڽϣƯںϡ
̳Ǹȥ۾һ˴˹
ۣˣϽһˮѹ
ʱǸĽޣֻմƤëȹ뺣ʱ˲ٿͷ
ȻǾ߸׼һ/壬ȴ
˿һ޾ûã·ͳһͷ㡣ͷһ㣬ֵ
ǹɣˮԴȥ
˷Ļ˹ȥϣʶ̽һλãлŴϢ°ȫңԵġ
лʰöͷһ۴ڻʧʱͳֵġ϶ңŰ˳ȥ
ſڣһ󻽣ι
лŻͷͿߴվڳϣ迴˭Ҽʲô
лŶһ٣֪֮ǰйڡʮлšļ䣬ںߵԺȫʧ
źߵ˵ͷˣߴˣǸ
˵ţת뿪
߳ϣյϢ뺣
ĥŷŴݹ⾵ĸо
ݹ⾵иӦҲܲٿݹ⾵Ҳ˵ʵֹѡԼݣҲԡ
֮ǰǸʲôǵáʮûлš
Լѡݡ
ںǿȥʲôǵãڻ֪У뻭ߣҲ˵뻭߲м䣬ɻܲݹ⾵ҲǣȥҲڻеļ䡣
뵽һ㣬л̧࣬ǰӿٶȸ뺣
ϣһ·лŵ죬죬ڴӵ˰ϡ
ǰ˺۱ˮ嵽ߣ˲֪òѹĴƶ˺ֻԼ뾡취غϻյſڣͻȥ
ڻ׼һϰͿڰߵлš
лſ·ǰһμʱİ£ã˾紵ɹȥ糾͡
üһЦӴô磿
лû˵ѹǵɬͻ̿֡
ǰǰ̧סѵ֣ͷ˺ۣڣˡ
ЩãȻ
лû˵ǰ˴Ѫ۵֡
Ҹλþһ׹ʱס
ûһγɹ
ֱ˿̣ץסˡ
ֱӻغϻ𣿡
ѹбӿ̧ۿ
Цá
лſˣ֪ǷӡrµģҲûʣֻȡԼ·ĸ㣬ݸٳɽ߰ɡ
лڽ󷽳Եġ
˼죬ڵ˺ϻſڣ˸Զ㿴ӡźϻӡʿллǰ
ʿһȥ곤Щһģȥмɬ
λѣ곤ʿڣȴԵʮǿӲϻڵؽ磬ǱڵӲǰݷãж빬
⻰лŲɫƽֻǺϻˡ
ϻˣʿЩãȻлڼϣڳ
鶫鱱ͷ¶Լŷ糾͵Ҷʶˣ
鶫鱱һ㶣Ƭ̺鶫ۣæ
һعˡ
лŲ֪ͨһ¹Űɡ
ǣλ
鶫תͷлţлûȻ˵㿪ڣǸŻɻġ

鶫鱱𾪳Ҳ˲ͷ
Ϳлƽ콣ڵлţͷͨ


54 
⻰, סˡ
鶫鱱Ƭ̺鶫¶ı飬ͷ콣ڰ
ϻ˫, 
Ӧ֮, 鶫鱱, Ż񶼴˼ֳݣ鱱̵ȥͨ
˵, 鱱һȥ
鶫, ̲סл, 鶫ڣҲö˵ʲô, ֻ߰ɡ
, 鶫л˵˵̲סһֱл갡
ӦǶʮһ
Ŷ, Ǻͬꡣ鶫˸ǸӦá׷ʣµģ
лſһۻ, Ҫαװʲôǵ, Ȼܼǵ¡
˸, ûش𣺡¡
Ǳ¡鶫˵ţֿʼʣＸˣ콣ڳŵӻţǡ
鶫, ˡ
鶫ͷһȷ˹ǰ
Ϊźǰ˵ˡ
⻰, Ż, վڹǰ, Ŵ򿪺վһˡ
Ϊ׵һβĺŮӣϹҽȥʮͷȴѻΪ
վһŮһ꣬ƣŮƣվһŮӶ΢΢͹Ѿ·ݡ
ԱߺҲΪӢϹŶ̵ϵ˫
ϰλ꣬̽ͷ̽ǰ
л濴һ£ʱĺϻͺ治̫һ㳡û֮ǰһģжȥʮո¾¡
Щˣ۾Ʋס
վλĺŮӼ״Цôȥһ㶼ѧƸˣ
ʦʳ˵ţ˫ϥǰ˸㶣ڣӻƽ
⡭Ǹ
걻ŵϽǰǲʲôίˣ
ǰŮҲϴ˼ֵǣ˭˵㣬˵ˣʦΪ㱨𡣡
ˣ
˭˭֣
ˣ˶ҡҡͷֻûʲôʦ֣ʦ㣬ǷӡrʱǸ/׼ˣûʲôˡ
һ/Ǻϻһ/ڶһ׼һΪض֪Ҳû˵
ȻȥɣŮӿڣ̾˿˴ˡ
˵ţŮ̧ͷԱлţƬ̣ŵλСѡǡ
ѣ
λûлź˵˵Ļᣬ̿ڡ
лŹɵͷ콣ڵлţǰ
Ҫ˵콣ڡ־˱
Աߺ̲סһڻͷüŪۣ԰˵ˣ
ʦͷʮһԪӤ뻯һ֮ңⴿǼᶨӣѵġ
ʦһֱĬŵ꿪ڣȽȥɡ
˵ţߵл࣬º͵λѣ롣
˵ʱлűоѹӭɫƽ롣
߹ȥΪģʦֲʲôɣ
͵ˣ
ŮЦİɣʦء
ϼͷͼӴףۡ
˵ͷһ۱˰Χŵлš
ӿȥߴߴ⣬ʦֵѹһֱûлɫ糣ƽش⡣
ʦط䣬ϸ֮󣬿ʼӣ׼һ/С£Ҫ
˵ŴʦĶӣº͵ˣ
ʦЦЦϴ˼ºͣ߸ˡ
𣿡
⻰ʦͷĿ˼Σ鶫鱱ŷ˵һϣǶո
ĶôʣЦ
ʦ㽫ҩݸԱ̴ӣҲô˵Իںأʦ˵ϻŰȡ˵ˣ㣬ʦЦݵ˼֣ݳ
ݳֻ֣ʣĶ
Ըʦ档
֪ˣͷһȥ
ʦû˵һ̾˿ЩϢɡ
лأ
лŻЩģʦЦЦʦǿˣҪȥݳʦ򴽣Ͻȥɡ
˵ţʰ뿪
ϴ󣬱··˱ӡ
ʱıӻ䣬վڱ棬֮ƽ˯ŵˡ
»·סؿɵĵۡ
ͷűˣڣݳҴлŻˡ
˵ţϱ棺£ܿ죬Ҳ
µ˱ţòӣһһò
ڱӴ˺ܾãȵҹŵƻԶͿлűʦֿţߵġ
ŵǰżѾȫ˯ȥлţЩ𾪣̲ס̧ͷʦ㣬üͷȵҲ̫˰ɣ
ĶˡЩ飬һһ
һٶˣ
һְۣ˴̻
㿴˽ȥű߳㻹û޳ȥأôˣ
Ͻ߰㣡
Աץ˸ͷҹȥ
Աһ㣬Ҿ˵޳ȥҸ˹ܹ㣡

ֱ˸㲻Ҷֱӹϴˡ
һߣڰ
ͷһ۴ŵлţЩΣлιѾҩִˮлŲһֱԺʲôչȥлţʦá
ʦ֣ŷ硣
ʦ㣬ꡣ
ʦ֣㡣
ʦ㡭
һ㶣ŷڱ˵֡
лţͿſ۾ŻƺǷֲξʵ
Ƭֱ̺סૣҶǵõġ
֪ΪʲôЩܣлһֱڵԲ𡭡Բ𡭡
֪˵ʲôԲ
һʹ࣬סıˣûʲôԲ˯ɡ
Ȼлֻһֱҡͷ˵Բ𡣡
Σ´лһ˵ãڲ˯˹ȥ
ϰԷڻڲŰȡ
˯һҹȵڶѹʦñǹȥ
лһȥ˰ãڲˣЦЦˣ
ͬлһǰлŹǰ
˵ŷ˸ƣ㻹ðɣÿһлţЩֻ
лɫƽȣλʦÿͣǳž̫ǳ
ȵš
ûȥƬ̣վлһҪ˵񣬱˳ȥ
ÿţͷлŵ裺޵ĲǶ齣ɣ
Ľӡ
Ľɫܵ㵱Ը𣿡
Ϊת
⻰ðöһ٣̧ͷüͷ΢壺֪˵ʲô𣿡
֪
лƽȣ֮ǰ볤˵˷Ҳǣҡʦõģл̧ۣĽ֮ģؿɼ
°֪𣿡
֪и
⻰òԣͷȲ裬һҲϲͺáĸ׻ڱչأغټ㡣
ǡ
ȥϢͬġ
ǡ
лųſڣ˽ȥúͻ˽һ£üͷԣ˼ǣrȻӡˣһΪһؾһ벻֪١

㿴ȥġ
þֱ˵Ĳԣһ٣ûҡ
ʦ
ͷȭͷţҡ
˵
Ȼֻҿ˵Ҳ֪ᷢʲôӰ졣
⻰룬˵ͷҲʣ˳Ȼɡĸ׳ʹлȥŶ𣿡
ˡ
˵лţĺܶ࣬Цȥˣ͹ոôõģúá
Ļļ磺˫޵£㲻̸飬ҲֵáãɽָտɴŶǰû̹̫˫طǸЩҪꡭ
ˣװҪ˵ʲôϽ̧֣ͷʦ㣬ѧϰˣ
⻰Цͻ
ȻѾ߰꣬ͻ̸ѣһ磬Ⱥ֣ţʦ߻ˡ
ˣ
Ц±ӣҪ˵ʲôҲһ޻
⻰üתͷǲԼõģ
ĶԼã
ҡͷվȥãߣһȥ
Żһ߳ȥŵ㳡ͿлźһɵӶ䳡
Ǳţ˴кá
߹ȥ߻ͷϽǰʦã
ʦ㡣
ЦЦסԥƬ̣ŵ㡭û°ɣ
ʲô£
Цָ̧лţ㿴Ұ˶ˡ
⻰ͷǷģݳǻ취ġ
֪
һ죬̧ͷ̨֡
лűǳսһ磬˶˲ʣԱ˻ȥ
лŻطҩһҩһ氲οʦҲһ콣ڵĽ֡
ס
лŵͷ
ʵ֪ⲻһȺʦ콣һСʦҪ޵⣬齣һȥ˴
ʱףӾ͸ͣΪġҪһܸܲСʦһ˲䣬ȻܣҲӮ̫ÿȻҲס
ЩҲ߻Ĭûҩȵ˿ڣʹߵϢ˵ҳԷȥһˡ
߶һϵȾ¥лŹȥʱ򣬾Ϳ¥Ѿ˽кţߡ
лżߺȴһԺȣƹѲվλʦʦʦʦóԷʵһ¶˵һ¡
Ļ˿ЦЦתͷԱңߣˣ
⻰һڳ˶̧֣ôҰͬ˵һǹأȰһ磬ٰϲ磬Һˣ¸£ʮһʮ֪ͨùˣȫúףһ£
á
ŷ緢Ӧһ𣿸֧ԼµӶлǺ߳
лʦ֡
ŷ緢Ͻл
ŷЦתͷأʲôʱ򣿡
˵ɣžƣҿɻõء
ҲǣЦ˵Ļ⣬Ļ¿ǹԶš
Ǻ߶һ£˭ٰ죿
ŷ翴һܱߣ֣̾
ǰ죬Σ
ã߸˵ҷģʦ㾴һ
ͷٱͺ߶
¶飬ϻæ²ɻҪˣϻҲ٣ԷȾϸڶҪһһƹܡ
һڲУûϸŲ飬¶˾֣ʳѡϵһһ顣
򽻸лţлŸš
ȵǰգлͻȻϻ֪Ҫߡ
ȥĶ
̻ͷ
˵Ҫȥϳȡǰµľơ
⻰üͷȥ
á
л˵ţЩģֻԪӤȥʼЩΣա
뽫ݹ⾵ȡлС
ݹ⾵ϣΣգôݹ⾵ٿص磬ȲѣԿ뿪
˵ţҪ
ס
лŵͷת׼뿪ͻȻ⴫ô
лתͷȥɫƽֻϽȥɡ
лųƬֿ̣һ۴ڻ뿪
лųţߵߣ򿪴ͿһֻɫѻڱϱQͷǸأǧ𽹬ϹɲΪ˼ġ
ˡ
ת߽ӣģϽȥ㣬һ˿ɲס
ɲ𡣡
ѻӴһŮӣһ⣬̾˿ϧˣұɵ߾ȥˣ´Ǽ㣬֪ɶʱ򡣡
˵ԼŲ衣
Աߣ룺Ǹݳ顭
֪ͱˡ
ߴϽȥ㣬ɿɱȽҪ
⻰˵ģѳ°ͣպҺף춼ԼÿɾͲһˣҪˣҿɼһһۡ
İɣղܡ
ˮպӣء
ðɣֱ֪㻹ãҾͲˣʱȥ͵ˡ
š
Һ˵ˣչسףԺǾܾ棬͵͵ġ𽹬ǹطܹˡ
֪ˣͷŵ棬Ͻȥɡ
ϡ
ѴӴ˳ȥ
ıӰɫ̧ӣˮꡣ
лڲԶ뿪
Ժǡл˪ʱͻѴɱʱ̡
΢΢ü
Ƭ̺㲻Ը룬ϢԾ£׷ټ뿪˺ϻ


55 
лŸ, ÿ֪ͨ
ʵҲûʲô˵һ·ʲôûҹ̸·, Ҫڶ֮ǰȡ
պ, ڵĸ׷ǰлŸţɽ
Զ, ĸ׷ͷ, 򵥳˲, ӷǰ˳, ŽǬС
һ̳һĸ, ڣ, Ҫɻ, ϴǸ, Ӧϲ
պ׹Ҳִ, Ѫߵ͹, Ҷˡ
㲻عңֻص, ߰ɡ
˵ţ̳Լһھơ
Ҳһ, лŲܱʲô֮, ͬʱһĪΣϮ, ̸ԼӹĽ硣
ʿֱʮȻڻþеΪصǰֻԪӤǶĥֱȴǾ׼
ΣղãҲʶԣڣ˭
䣬һֻԱ͵Ϯν͵ն½档
֮䣬߳˳һɨȥһ·ͼȥ
ȻһֻһקסĽһնֱַۣɳȥȴһѪһ߾߸ʬ
׹ڿùƳʬ壬ʬһֻ׹ڸ߽ͬʱסôʬġ
׳
˲䷴Ӧ˷׹ˣ
׳˻۷壬֮׳Ķ֡
˲䣬ĸʬֱӳ˳
Щʬ죬ȻֻڵΪǸûǣʹ࣬һ࣬˹
лŲϣϢַ̧ڽϣֱиΣǱܱߡ
бΧסһֻߵ;ĩ·ʨԱ๷ƴ˺лŲʼ˥гҲҲһһֻ͵طɳֱüģ
ֱۣһʹ漴һȫɢһҲ֧Ųסڵء
ʱʬͶڰһ۴źطٵ˴
ȫʹϰϢţ̧ͷ⣬һ۾ǰϣҧ׳
ɫƽûߵԱߣ˲΢΢߳óڵȴ˭֡
Խ䣬ſҶڣʲô
Ӧ¡
ּ䴫һº͵𣿡
һεѹѹϡ
ԼѪֱΣգ˽֪Է˵ʲôΨһӦȴ˵£ֻнӽߡ
˵¶Ҳˡ
͵ʹϢţҪǰɱ˰ɣ
ôãԽԽԶԶһСΣֻһˣôأ
ڱ֮ѵͲ֮ϣ㱻Цĸһݼʹ࣬Ͳ֤һ£Ϊӥ
ſң
ҪСѻͣǰ
㲻ʲô
׵Ľ͸ָɴ̽лŸоܱͻȻϷƱɫʲô˳ŤתƻһâָϣоԼǷ·Ǳ˳˺ѿ̲סʹȻ;޴ʵݺѹһڵŤſ
лƽעǱǰ˻˺һ׹ͷƮƮС
ʱɫҲƽɫҰףĿȴʮ侲
ºͶ䣺˻᲻޹˻أΨǿ󣬲㡣
˵ʣٸһλᣬߣǣõ׹ڼ̳ʸδܳΪ֮һ绽꣬һ֮֮ϡֻߡ
ЦΪһŮˣ
⻰̧ۿа׹⣺ʲô
ֻǣȡһǡϲŭ塢ſ֣Լɼǰ׹֮УһСˣ֮УΨ֮һǣΪɨ
˵һǣþãڿڣҪʲô
˶Ϊ֡úǲ壬㶨統գ취úϻʳ¡
Ѿ¶ˣֱþ綾𣿡
ԽԽױ
굹ҲգĻӦڣû鲻Ķ⡮֡Ϊҩ´ǶֻҾƣ޶ԡ
ǵʲôŽӣ˭
û˵׳̧ۣѵ⣺ӣ񡣡
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лźԥνΪݺһ
Ժһ𵴿ȥ˶Ƶ̿˽硣
ԶлŵĶɽΪ͵ػɣлŸһر֪Էʵȫս˲仯һʧ
׷
ڣһĴƣϵˣ˹غϻ·ֱɱ
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µ˲ЦЦͷ
Ϊ˻ڻþ֮Уͬ
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һ, 鱱㱧һ˽æǽĲ, ٺ˶һ顭
ǽϯλãٿ
ǽոְš
ţͷ, һһ˶ԡ
Щ, ȥϸڡ
˻ƻ迪ϯ, ϻ۹㳡, ߽׵ڴ, ͽ׵¶쿪硣վڸߴŵƻѤõĺϻʢ, ɫƽ
ϻûйʢ, ŵ㣬ΪӲǧ, Ȳڡ׹Ĵš
һ, ŷ߽վڴ, Щ֣ȥ𣿡
ʦ, ʦ, ЦŻͷ, Ҳڵȴ
Ҳ̫æ, ǰ, һ·, ɫ, ΪأٺЩơ
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˵ţתͷԱŷ磺ʦ֣ʦȥɡ
ŷͷ֮꣬ǰֿһۻֻջûлŵϢҳȥҡ
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ȡ˾̳ͬһǰ˵ƣҵա
˲ڸߴź߸߸˸һһ뵹ơ
ȵǰʱ꿪ڣͲˣϻˡ
ӴЦϧˣ㳢ա
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ʮһʱóöɺҩڣѦӵѧãѦӵգһھͳ˳
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ͺˣû
л̲סб֣ĵɬ͵Ӧھͺˡ
ӵƬ̣л£Ҹĸ׷ǰ׹ڵץס׹ڴһǿ˹Էǳߣû˶֮⣬ֻǣԴӦھˮͶұԷ֣һ·׷ɱ
Ҳ㲻Ҫ𣿡Ц
лųʵӦ𣺡
˵ţл̧ۣݹ⾵뿪𣿡
Ѿƽ˵˺þãų
һһҪ֪֪ˣǾߡ
á
һΣ۾ҡ
Ǹıô£ܿĹȥ𣿡
֪Ѿ֪ʣµģڣһ֪
ֻҪϻǸĽ֣һ֪
ûпݹ⾵ֱӸ¥
յ¥Ϳŷ类һֻһצڵϡ
״ͦŶӴӳ¥һԾ£ȳŷ磡
һץס꣬лŰνһԾ£ֻϹᴩֱ룬ŷ磬һ㼱س¥
̸лźͻһۣ˼չˣҹȥ
ŷȻȴˣסŷ˿ڣ᲻£ŴϢŵŷ磬Ż˵ʲô
˼סŷ֣侲ڣʦ֣ڡ
չˡչˡ
֪ͷһչǵĺӡ
⻰ŷĿ΢٣עֻʣʦ֣Ϊλᱻ͵Ϯ
һƸʱŷʣսֱӱ˺룬ŭģʱ
ףŷΪôôס
ŷϢţСʿڰæ
ﲻħޣʿܱߡ
ĸţ
ֹ
޵ǣҲѹ˲
ͷ֪ˡ
ꡭ
ŷо˥ߣתͷϢſ꣺߰ɡ
۰󣺡źӣߡ
겻˵ƴҡͷŬŷ
ŷĿƤϲ֪ʲôץס֣ƺץסǰ뿪ˣҪߣŷ磬㲻ңҪߣ
Ȼôǰ˻۾
꼱ٴϢûһͻȻоʹ
̧ͷס֣侲֪ҩõӹ
۾ϢţҲҪҩõչԱ
һ٣껺˻ֻҴ¥ȥ㲻عңȥˣһһ
á
ȥ˳¥УһֱƽȰŵϣ
ƣѿѹ͵ߡϻˣħ޲ġ
Ϊʲô
ʣҧ֪ڱ߾ǰѱ߾ķȫƻˣ·ħϻķϣû˻ԮҲû˻ǣܰɣ
˵ƺʲôۣƣǱᡣ˸Ҵߣ֮ұǣܻͻţ
һ˵

ѣǵ
⻰òԣ̧֣ݺһʲô
˺þãŶҺܻܿʱҪҡ
֪
Цѣ˵ᵱ𽹬úúûšģ֮󲻹ʲôԶѡ֮ҪϵͺϻӴûκιϵˡ
˵ţж˴
Ա꿴ϢţŻ֣
ʦ㡣
̧֣ס꣬д᣺㵽˭
ǰ
ҡͷ㲻ǰꡭ㲻ôࡣ
⻰ۣʦ㣬꣬ꡣ
㶿Цʦ㣬ǹȥһѾȥˡһǡ
ꡭãȻǡ𣿡
˵ţͷԼ䣺ӡ
úܺá
Цɫ᣺ϻʱ̫ˣ岻áҽʱˮУˣģʮͿԪӤˣƢִ󣬻ֶ࣬һû

⻰Ϣţ֡
ϡ
ºͿڣϡ
ϡ
иּºͣ۾Ц
֪࣬Ҳٴ߻УϸϸŻ֮¡
ɱ죬죬ڰΪӺ󣬾ƣ۾
۵ϢȥлŶ˻Ѿʬ壬ۣͨŻбŵĺӣЩţſڣ˵ʲôߡ
㶯һ٣ˣ취ס㣬߰ɡ
㲻˵ŻӤþãЦ
߸ƨѣŤͷûϲǸƭӣһɡ
˵ţѾڵ˫˳ȥ
лߵǰͷеĺӡ
һѯʣ𣿡
һ٣̧ۿлſźӣɫº͡
þãջĿ⣬ͷӦһ
ş̌Ӥգӡ
˵ţȥһƿ˯ĺӷ˽ȥϻع
ȻʱǾúͻȾƸϢ
Ϊʧֳûһۼ
˲鿴Ƹл侲ţԷѺϻϾɱ˭ȡĸ׺ʦΪȴʼû¶档
˵
лŤͷ㻹֪ʲô
ʵûص󣬡ſյƸʱһ˹ȥѾˣһȥҺϻ˵ʬ壬һ߶ˡ
лŶһ٣üͷ΢壺Щ˵ҪϻӵΪ
ȡΪҲʬ壬ֻǣǣΪ
ɫЩ䵭лſʲôȴûжԡ
ʱգǿء
ûԮû˳ֻһ̧
ڰºҲͻŵӳ˻ͺߣʣˡ
ħ޺޾һֱصһ̡
ڵ£ѪճѪϻԣۣлվǰ档
һͱѪɺɫֲ嵽ϵ˻ǵ˵ѪһϮѪɫû˹ȥӣɱϢ
нѻѣһҲǻڣûĽòĽһʽ꣬Ҳ
ǱּıӰʶһΣлᣬлŹ
ʵûԹˣ˵һڣ˵ס콣ڣ˵һһʱҲ롪
ھͺˡ
ʱ˿ֽ̣ҷɻǰˣĪͬ˵һ䡣
ȥɡ
ص֮磬̳ӻ
ûĽòһʽлţزס콣ڣҲزסϻֻһ޾
ϣⳡþ֪Ըľˡ
ϣúãϣԶҪ
źҲ£άŽѵǣϢһӡԱߵӵϡ
ÿһ϶˷ӡͿ֪Щʬȥ
һһΨһֻڣһòлš
ʼǰʼûе£ȵһֻħն͵عڵء
ܱɳѪѽȾƬأϢţһ͸оܱ˳֡
һʿϢƽԭ֮ϣлŻ̧ͷǰˣЩʶЩʶ
طҡ¡ݡ塢׳ġڤ󡭡
ڣÿһɶˣһһЩ˵ݣֱȺ߳һꡣ
̧ͷɫƽ䵭ֻÿ
лŲ͵ذνܱһϮҲαװһץסлţһ⣬͵ش˳ȥ
Ҳһ̣ȺͻȻһӰߣһһ·񱼡
ʶʲôȻ۾Ҫȥ׷ȻͻȻʲôͣһۣû
л֮Уʶû׷˲Ż˿
ղ˭
лŴϢųÿ϶˷ӡԿܱߣҲ⡣
üͷ÷ӡһȦЩ㵣̧ۿлţ
⻰лҲһ㶡
Ƭ̺󣬻̵ȥ׷
˵ţת˷򣬳źӿķϹȥ
һϣһӷӡпΧʦԱߣ̰ʳĶޣʳʳЩ˲дΪ
ûԸ뿪û׷ǡ
˺ܿ׷Ѿߣںߣ͵ʹŴ
ӽ͸ֻһ⡣лſþãлŲųֻһǣ
ԣ̧ͷˣǡ
棬һǶˣδš
Щ˼飬üͷôܳأ
Ҳ֪ҡͷ֪߻£ûǸˡ
̧ͷЦЦڣҲͷˡ
أ
ǰˣЩףתͷźߣɫᡣ
һڿڣǷһֻ۾㻹ɡ
ָ̧۾ȡ飬ںУպ۾ǧɽˮٲ롣
˵ţԲ룬̧ͷУܷжλһ£
ʲô
ߺߣૣް֮֮ƣҶûϲˣͷ۾ϣһ̡
˵ţʧһ飬ںۿ֮С
һ̣ӷӡпһߵʳϻΪ֮󣬳׳ףЩʬ嶼Ƕʬϣײһħʬ׹ڣ
Ѻħ˵Ϊ׳һԱˣ䵭˰ʬ̧ȥ
ǡ
һʬԱ߹뿪׳ɫ˲䣺ʲô
˽ʬһһߣ͵׹ڣȵҹȷϺʬյص㣬ڳȥɡ
лŵ˵ͷȡݹ⾵
žӣͻȻʵ˰ɣ
š
лӦ
þúЦʵʱһĽ㡣
Ľʲô
˵Ľи鶼óٶۣʹҲãҲãءĻ̌꣬ͷûôѹˡ
лû˵˺þãڵȥɡ
ЦЦעݹ⾵ݹ⾵һ׹¡
ڰǹ㣬һƫݹ⾵յлϣһʱ֮䣬жʱӰ
ѩбӼȥӤ
в˵ĺͯ
ʮĸݳͷʱżתͷꣻ
ɻ鵱գȥ֮ʱѯҪʽٰꡭ
Ȼڵ꣬ɽһ
ûεһδγþһδѣ
ȥɱаħʿǵȻƴճһ½ǡһ飻
ÿһ鵤ÿ䣬ÿնţĽٽһԶľʹࣻ
㶿⼸ħлţֱл˪ģٴγǰ
ۣд˼־ŵлš
лš
˼лԣĿ΢
һġ
ڡ
Ľ뿪˼
޲ͬ
һġ


57 
ǰƬʧ, лһ׹£лʶֽ̧һ㻤ϡ
л뻭ʱɽ, һԣһأоϾʹ, ǰѻþҲ˳
㻹
лŸճ, ûü㿴ץݹ⾵ͳԱ߹
̧ͷԱͬ˵л, ûü˵ʲôͿһҲˤϡ
˶һ, ˾, ˿ˡ
лżֲֻþ￴ĶҲû, ֻͷá
˵, ǰߵ״̬, ȷϺûд󰭣˿ҩ󣬱һ, 򵥳Թҩ㿪ʼϢ
ֱлڿ, ͷ̫ңۡ
˵, һ, Ψһҵľ, ڻеһУлӦöǵãһҲ˼ԵΡ
󿴼Щ棬ǸɵҲˡ
лл˪
л˪һϲˡ
ΪħΪƫִȰš
һ뵽ȥ飬ֱҸȥ
˵Լļƻ޷죬úĳ׺ȫˣôлŻͻȻ٣پˣͻȻʦֶĻ飬һĽһϾ
л˪һо˳ˡ
л˪ĻЩʲô
Ȼлŵ棬ֶͬΣġͽܡʦֶ
ңл˪ʵ֪ϸڣ
ûв
Ȼһʼ֪ʱҲûἰʲôӦǡûв
ʶ㣬˿
лһֱעƽӣ֪Ǵ㽫ڸǹȥ
Ϊʲôǵãװһжû
ڣܻԶ
ԼþﻨпݺͷݣֻΪǻþ
Ҫһ㣬պڡ
Ҫĸ顣
ԼӦ˵ĸ飬쳣ϣѲϲˡ
֪Щܡ
ԥúþﻨ̹ģſڣ

ųԱߺ߾/ۣϽ˹ȥ
ʦ㣡
ڣ㻹ðɣ
ЩãȻۣ˻Ƭ̣͵ʶʲôȻһץס
Σ
߽ѯʣô£
˶٣źɫ򴽣߼ģдȻµĶ
Ƭ̣룬ջҡͷ
һ㶣ٰͬͣӣջģ
ૣ˿ϣ̲סЦӯᣬ૳
ҲͲŴˡ
Է꣬Ҳ˽
أ
߻Ƭ̧̣ͷأһ֮ǰһ棬ȥ
û˵źߵۡ
ɻ󣺡ôˣ
ָ̧֣ۣΪ˻ǰԼ飬һֱߡ
⻰㶿Ż
Ѿˡ
ˣ
߲ţͷϿߣֻš
ܡЦתͷʲô¶ûһ㣬ְݹ⾵ŽԼУҡͷô㲻ͬҿЦˣ϶ǵϼҡ
˵ţĪɬһȻ¡
ԭأʦ㣬ƭԼ
߲˵վԭأлߵ󣬿һۻϵˣѵ뿪Ҹطɡ
⻰ŷӦ˶Ա˵ͷº͵ʦ㣬ȥϢ·ͬ˵
߷Ӧһɽ
лŴǬȡһᣬСٳ׼úһͺڳУлڳ⡣
ٺͺ˵þе£ڳҲģȵ˵㿪ʼѣлŸȥ˶ϳ壬׹ڵ˿סļ䣬ٰصϻھ¶֪ϻ£صǰƴ׹˳£Щæʳϻ˲Ϊȥ׷ѵĻᡣܵһ룬̫أ֪췦Լһֻ۾˵Ϊ۾պ߹ǧɽˮת㡪
̧ۣЦЦһ̶㣬ûŴˡ
û˵
ͷ֪ġġҲãҵˡ
˵Ӧ˵ҡ
οϾʱңҲٹõĶѦӵļ֣ѦӵǸƶţݳڣûܼġ
Ѧӵ⻰̧ͷ΢΢ü˵Ѧӵ
˵סͻȻʶлţһʱЩ÷ʣֻǣǲǺ֪£
ֻ֪ĶѦӵ֮֡
Цֿˡ
⻰лŶ̲סץ֡
СʶлŤͷһлţһ˫۴Щ
ûг룬ֻǵʬأ
׹ڡ
ܵתͷߣʬ
ԽΪʿʬɱʹʬԽǿ
ֻƹ̼临ӣЩʿײٿأʱܷˡ
ôû׹ڶ֣ܾǻδɹ
̵ȥŪ취ɱˣ
û˼ʲôڣ
˵ǣ⻰߱ڵҪϻЩӶˣϻǵһɶȭͷԼºϻʵãǷ֪Щʬȥ»ᵣǱǡ
˵˵ˡߵĻߣɫ쳣侲Һһȥ
ɺϻ
ʦ㣬ĿƶҲǰװ׻ꡣ
⻰úסתͷ˵ˣ˵˵ɣôܳȥģôڵĵӣ
ת˻⣬֪߱ǻ̸飬˼ŻĻ˳ŻĻȥѹ㷢Լˣҵأ˼ڵĵײӣǵ걻Ҿȹ㽫ҸͷڣҴͽ׵ӿʼһֱڡ
˵Ż˸ĳ
лһҿջźס֪ͨ³
أԱһζӴ
һͬȥͼԱվŸꡣ
üΪÿһ΢΢۲ת۽һ룬һǸ
㶣ſӣôʶˣ
Ѧӵ
ӦȻѦӵ֮ǰһֱݳ֣֮ǰлȥȡʱȴûл
ڻһ꣬¶ˡ
ѦӵԱݳ֣Ȼǡʲô£룬Цû뵽㡣
Ҳû뵽Ѧӵһˣлƽһİ
ѦӵЦ겻żպλˣҿ
ء
ð
лͬʱڣл΢΢üתͷ˵ЩʲôԱѦӵѾ߰ɣʦ㿴ȥƲϽɡ
ԥѦӵǰл̲סһץסɻͷлѣѦӵ
ø¶ٴΣϻṩ˶ҩһɢѦӵ
ѣ⣬ֵֻģ
˵ţѦӵǰ˺棬һлţԴͬ飺룬зִġ
лŲ˵һŸŽȥ
֮Ѧӵȸͺ߿ˢˢдҩݸлţߺŵͷץҩ
⻰лŶ˶٣Ŀ⿴ڿϵ˺Ƭ̣ڵ˵ͷ
л뿪ѦӵΪʩ룬ЩѪȻ
ЩЩƣڴϳ˯£һۣ˵ȥ
ʦ㣬úϢ
ѦӵŻ˸ڣݣ̻ͷٷʣôͻȻݹ׹ڵ㡭
ôżѦӵУԼ˲裬һһڴ֮ǰʣѦӵϴЦлô˵ĵµģ
һ㶣ѦӵΪʲô⣬Ҳûʲôڣʵһûʡ
ȥʡ
Ѧӵϴ˿Ϸɫ
üʲô˼
ûʲô
ѦӵƵᣬȴǻһ⣬ֻǸˣѣҾˣת㣬ǰЩʱ¾ڤ֮ڤڡ
Ȼ󣿡üѦӵЦЦڼϵΪʳɾϾҪͻƣΪһλʿ
أ
ѾѦӵ˼ȴ
ѦӵͷƵΪʿ»һڵĺùɲҡҪɱҪ𽹬ֹ˺ⲻõĻ᣿
ûӦһߣԱ豭ɫƽȣֻ뻹
㻹ʲô
ⲻùܵˡ̧ۿȥɡ
Ҷˣȥʲô
ѦӵŪֽȣ룬תͷЩ棺˵и˽㡣
̧ۣͿѦӵչ˵һգ㷢лʵʲô¾ӣҲ㵱Σ
ܡ
ϷѦӵ΢Цأ
̧ۿѦӵվƣú룬һգ㷢лǰѺõѦӵ˵ţ̧һãǲã
˵洫Ų˻عͷȥͿлҩſڡ
ѦӵЦŵҪҪҸ˿ڣ

֪Ƣ̳ϡ
ѦӵҲգӣЦվл˸񣺡Ŷ˴кŲ棬л
лŲ˵Ѧӵ֮ǰͬ˵㣬˵л£ƷԸ߽࣬ĽһȻ鴫ҵ޽Ȼͬ
𣿡
л䵭ڣѦӵЦЦûˡ
˵ţתͷ˻һۣ˵Ļúÿˡ
ѦӵӴſ粽ȥƺʮָˡ
лŷ·ʲôûһ߽ҩϴš
ڴϣԱߴˮָ̧ɾĺϵѪ
ֱǺܸˣþãųѯʣǸ֮ǰ㣬أ
⣬лŶһ١
ҿͷûȻɱˡ

ͷأ
ˡ
ˣΪ𾪣˭ɱģ
ɱġ
Ϊɱǣ⻰üͷ֪ɱǣ֪ǰ콣ھ£㡭
סǰͷ꣬һʱʲô
лųĬţһȶ֡
ɱˡ
ͣԷģĬãŵлţΪԼ㲻Ҫ
лţ
ͷ򴽣ûȥġ
лŶһ١
䡣
֪л˪֪⣬ǼţҪȥ
˵ϣҪȥ
ҪϾлš
ֻҪĸ飬ûδ顣
лŲ˵Ϊɾֺֻϴ˿ڡ
ʲôеʲô
ϲڵĸоҪֱܾ
صþ뿴ޱʱ̡
˽ڣȻһ⻰ĪЩš
ǰһֱãл󣬿ڻþһֿ꣬Щȥ
ͻȻãǰǸˡ
Ǹˡ
æãԼͺá
˵ţվԼߡ
лſܣ΢΢ۡ
Щܣ̹
Ƿŭί
õͣȻǰ֣꣬Щ̲ˡ
ǰԼȥŮӣֱʲô
лϲ㣿
ϲǺˮϲˮҩ
Ȼʣԭء
лŷԼֻܺţҡû¡ֻǾ˿λأ㿴
ǰлű㲻˵ʲô
˵ҪǰȻûᲽлŵ
Ҳ㣬˭㣿
һ㶡
Ϳл߹ͣǰŻ۾
߳࣬ͷʱӰӽ£
оǼⶼϢûʲôĪܾúҪʲô
Ťͷȥǰ˱㾶ֱ֣ƽ
ûסȻԷȴɫ̹ݡ
ָ⿪ɢ䣬̧ϣһһʿûаԵ쳣侲ƣɷˣΪϴ˿ڣʲôʣ
Ķ⾡ԣо
е̫Ϥˡ
ŬԼԵú侲·һ⣬˫ֶţ˭䣬ֻ󱳾ͺãǰԼԡ
һ
ǰͷͿƤϣɫ糣ϸϸ˿ڣ˿ڵۺһ𴫹̲סҧڴϡ
ǰר־ϴ˿ڣҩñơ
ָ᲻ᴥϣϢĶߣŵʣҲףǰҾȢ㣬ǾѾһÿ㣬㣬չ㣬ʲôĲ𣿡
˵ţ̧ͷ۾
˵ˣûҿ۾Ưʱܻ˾һһ۾ݽȥĿǰ˵ЩǰѾˣûҪᡣ
أֱӵһߣͷʲôòã
˵ţִǱһ㣬ָ̧·
ʲôĲõģҶԸġ
һһ
Ҫ̹С
ĵ
ҪҲС
ס
ҪʲôҶѧл͵ס΢΢ͷǰһ˲Ǻڻþһ
Լ·Ǵ˼ְ󣬡ѦӵԶ㣬ˡ


58 
ܽ, Ϳϡ
ǰ֪꣬⻰˼
ǰܰοԼлŵռ鰮޹, ôû취Լƭȥ
˵ǿӲĻƾʲôֻЩ޹أɲ֪Ϊʲôſڣȴʼ˵ڡ
÷ɿ, ֻš
ûôִҪл, ƫԼҲ֪ʲô
лŶ۲ɫֻô𣿡
ҡȥʦ㡣
ƿߡ
лվԭأ֪Լ׷ȥɿһıӰ, ȴûס
չѾ֪, Ҳûʲô塣
㵽ڶʲô
û, ǰûߵű, лʣϲ, ô£
⻰ûס
ô֪Ѿ֪ϲ
ڻþúõ, Ҫߡ
Щ, ȻͷͿлվڲԶ, ƻ, д˼ֲ⣺ΪʲôҪôң
㡭
𾪿, þãŷӦǵã
л⻰ĪЩЦ
ͷβ˳˵Ĵ㡣
ûǵãԲſϷ
ƫǵá
ƽҼǵá
һ˵һ泯߹
ҽ㡣
һ⻰о˶ըˡ
˲ͨ죬лȴȻ
Ҽǵʲôϲʲôǰ
˵ţߵǰ̲סһ
ȴûа˲˼ơ
Ҽǵϻûǻʲôӣǵ㡣
Ҽǵһݳ뿪ǵ̻½ǣǵС
û˵̧һס죬˵ˣ
лƽһ̹ȻƺȫûʶԼ˵Ļʲôԡ
ҿҧ
ǰֽĿ֮û߳˵ź;ĵûʲôͬ
ƽϣ¶ȺϢɬǵ⡣
ǰֱԼˣȹһ֣򶨵˵ˣҼǵá
ʱⲻ𣿡
лŲ⣺㣬ܸˡ
ĬһлţһӲֻи˲ˣþҿԲδ
Ҫʲôδ
лŴһͻȻѼ֡
ǰˣһˮͷȴ̧ۿǰִꡣ
仯лüͷ
㵽ʲô
ʡ
⻰ûʶȭͷ
лţЦЦʵþĺòʲôֻ̫¶ˡҪֻһţˣ˵棬һлš
⻰лžʲôؿڡ
þֻлһѡѡ
ֻһˡ
֮ǰ塢ڵѦӵδкܶʶʶˡ
̫꣬ѡ
ŻЩ˵
ɫЩģѣʱҾͺ˵úΣƫִҿ԰㡣ҪѰr飬Ҳ㡣Ψһ£ɬǸûж
ҿԲҪĻӦ
Ҫ̧ۣҵ꣬Ҳ˵ϲ޹أҪĻӦˣһǻġǻҪļҸ𣬾Ƿ㡣
ν
лŶԼŬòûʲôҪģֻҪߣһͺá
һʱһŤͷûнȥֻ˯ɣȥڿ
Ǿûзַ˯Ҫȥ⿪лͷ÷ۡ
ţڳסһһֱŵɣˣһΣգ㡣
ˣƽȻǵãӦ֪ûôұϾʳһɽڵʿΪֻǲãԱݡ
˵ţҪߣлֵҰ˿һ¡
סعͷлתͷԱߣЩȻҲˡ
ԥƬ̣룬˵ͷá
ϴһ¡
˿ڲˮ
̫ˡ
лż֣һᰮ࣬˿ڶǼҳ㷹ɾҪࡣ
˵ͷҵ㡣
лӦһ߽ңصߣϣԼ˲裬ŵлš
û뵽лžȻǵá
ȻǵãʲôûоǺŪȥ
ֲӦ
ûδˣͬԼһ
ңִǵȥͲǸˡ
棬лھƽǬȡذףɴ˳е˿ڻȥ
ҧѹÿһ˿ڶɼǣһУŽذˮϴŻǬС
Ĭһ·ˮ𣬸ûãлŻһɫ䵥ӷ߳
ɢ¶ǺͰţˮ˳Ųһ·䵽֮УһŸɽѩȴһԳһĪ˵
˿ˮԱ̼ѪϽ͸һ÷ʢڰ֮ϡ
Ѫɫ΢΢üֵɡ
лߵǰҩȥǰƽ
һһ˰̣Ѫģ˿ڣˡ
һʼѪɫ֪Щ˿Ӧû뵽ȴ̶ֳȣü˿ڶܼ׹ǣ涼Ľһʱ޷ϡ
ɵüͷ̧ۿôصô˵
лŵʹͷͺʦ㿴Ҫ
ûʲô£򴽣ѹסвҩͿĨϣ̲סպôš
лŵͷºࣺš
ҪһǰѦӵй
ôص˿ڣǲģҪͱлסء
䣺Ͳˣܹõġ
⻰ЩɵñЦˣлʮ𣿡
лŲ˵ɫȴǰ㲻á
һҡҡͷֻ˿ڻҩһУˣߣ½ҡ
лӦûˣڵϡ
Ჽȥߵſʱ̲סͷһۣͿлŻԭأȫȻûаҪ˯ӡ
Ƭ̣ЩЪϢҪˡ
á
лƽȡ
ԼŲۣͷȥС¿һ䷿
÷ʱлŷѾϨ£ԷһЩԼһ£֪ô޷ߡ
շת̲࣬סĥлŵ˯ûôأ᲻ʲô⣿
Ӧǲʲô£״̬ԡ
Ѿ߻ħʱǳʲô£ڵʲôʵǲǿиɣôǿ
˼룬ֱҲԥɴȥлŷ￴ȷû¾ͺá
¥ܵлſڣһŵ˴ߡ
лŷ˽磬ҲʲôֻƿͿʲô˶ûС
üолϢЩŵӴӴ﷭˽ȥŴȥ
ԼƺˣƺûС
Ϳ
οԼߵߣͷִʲô˶ûС
һ㶣л𣺡ң
ѻһ͵ػͷͷлŽߡ
ʶһȫȻ˴ں棬˱һʧȥ
л̧һһڴϣ˳ƾȥϵЬӦһࡣ
氤úܽлſŵºЦ⡣
÷ɿ죬ץУ̲סŽͣҡҾ㣬ʲôġ
šлſûж˵ʲô²̨Ļֻʣտ
û¾ˡһ⻰ٷӦܡ
лһѽѹ£Լӣͷ¡
㿴ͦõġ
˵꣬һѪڻϡ
һ㶣̧ۣлƽ˿ˡ
ǸղŪѵģһʱЩҶˡ
ӣл΢΢ͷ䣬㲻˯š
ǰҲ˯ۿʣ㶼
ҵ˯
⻰Ҳû
״̬ú˯Ϣȴõöࡣ
ۣþã̾˿ˣ˯ɡ
лû˵ѹϲ

лŴϷȥϱӣ۵½ҡ
лûһӱס
лᣬҺܸˡ
˵۾ҹһлţҲǵˡ
֪
ʵһ㶼˽ңţ㰮ġִԲģʵǰǸˡ
ս֣ƺʲôҴ֪Ҫʲô
ȥ֪ǡ
һ˰һÿһָ飬ÿһʱȥġ
˵˱ţоůЮ˶
ǰƽ㲻֪
ĻʲôЩʲôҪʲô̸֪ʲô֪
ֻЩ˵̫ƣ۾㽫һƵպ˵
˯һҹȵڶлŻԱߣڻþദӡ
ڶϳǰ꣬ÿۣлŻһ˲Щ㱣˸оѹԺ۶ûʶȥĲһ·£Ҫô
ȵȣ
͵طӦһץסԷ֣Ȼѡ
лۣŻɫƬ̺ûӦͱ˺ݺһŴӴֱȥ
ȥ
Է꣬һϴ
лˤϣʹϮŷӦʲô˦˦Դ̧סԼͷǸϰߡ
ȥ
⻰ϣƺŭ
лЩΣҲ֪˵ʲôֻܳԼȥԱȡ·صſڡ
ڴ΢΢ϢЩ߰ͷۣʹ£֪¶Ҫ˭
л
ڻþô˰꣬ԼϲĻ
ȥֻܹԼ
ɫӲ壡
Ҫ֪ǵãҪ֪л˪Ҫ֪
һԼ侲ûһͿӦϢɫһݣһ⣬лš
š
ȥ档
á
лûжʣᲽ뿪
лһߣ˽磬ơ
УһŮ˵׹Ǳ˳ͻΰ
ֱ˵¶ɡ
ŶԷű߼ʻֱ⡣
ԷǣҲ֣ࣺðɣ㣬ѾõڶѪˡ
ô죿ü
ԷһЦ㲻֪𽹬ڶֱ࣬ȥǣħѪӦþ飬õ֮󣬹ϾҪ㣬Ϊ֮
ڤʲôʱͻƣ
˸޹صĻ⣬Էһ㶣ܿ췴Ӧֻգʲô
û˵ĬƬ̺ѣʦʦǵʬ壬ҿҵˡ
⻰Ѻһ٣ܿŽŵ侲
׹ڡ
Ʋ⣺Ӧħʹ͸׹ʬ
ʬ
૳Ƭ̺ЦҧҲң
ൽʱˡŴеƣҽѾָҶݺڤȥ򡣡
ô
ԣĬ
Ƭ̣赭дڡ
᲻̫һ㣿
üֹ𽹬δ׷ҪǱ֡
պһл֧ʱҶˣģˣʶָҾǰٳǶ
лڣ⻰㲻Ҫ
û¡֮ǰһ취ϳ
ҪǸϲأ
⻰ûг
̾˿Ϊ˸˰ѴұϾ·
ģҧָĶЩʮ侲ѣԼƻκвԶ֡
û˵Ƭ̺ҲǱ㣬ҲԼ
֪
˿㱣Լպɡ
ӦͨжϣڴбԼ˺ܾã洫Ų
˿̧ͷָֻƽģƿ
лŶ߻һۣǸ˻ðɣǽǲ̫ˣ
һСˣްġ
л˵ţߵǰЬϡ
ǰˣڳ´ů⣬һᷢʯĶů
лš
ͻȻڣлͷ
Ǹ˵磬лŵ۾һ죬㷢ҺòһǸܻܻˡ
ţô
лŲ˵þãʣأ
ʲô
һ죬㷢ҺòһǸܻܻأ
㶣Ƭ̺Цôһ졣
ǰɡ
лŴվϴȥɡ
ͷվлߵߣ£лſڣ˵ӻҲ档
һ٣ͿлžȫȻղָʲôˣ
ԣһǺڿС
ٿлºı˵˵ˣ𼤶
лšţʹ࿴㡭ְ


59 
ŻĻ, лҡҡͷֻѣ̫ԡ
Σ̾˿ʵҲûʲô
л̧ۿ, ͿЦЦҾ, պ, Ӧɣ
⻰лһ, Ƭ̣ʶպ󣬵ȷˡ
ֻԼˡ
һʱ˵, °ͣ˵ʮ棺غϻڸ, úףһ¡
лųƬֻ̣ǵãѺǸˣһѪ
, Ц, Ҳˣعңôҵپ, , 콣ڻҵ㡣
лŲ˵
ǰɫϣ֪ʵмһʲô, ɿ˫۾, Īϣ, ˵Ķġ
òã
׷ʣлŴӦš
ǽճվȥȥʦ㣬Ҫȥʰ
˵ţ߳⣬ߵ߷䣬ŽȥͿлʣʲô
ʦ㡣
һ㶣ӦŶ
ʲôأ
˵ţţϢ½磬ߵߡ
߿˼ֱӵ׹ڵ¡
Աߣߵͷëʣֺ֮ôˣһ뵽úûţͺ޲ðƤ
ǲҰ£
Ц̧ۣͿһŷֽ嵱һɱҽԪӤһ
߿ŻĶ΢΢üʲô
ʦ㲻ǿԻ𣿡̧ۿǾͻһ塣
壿
ʬױ׹˵ߣʬã֮ϣʬˣΪ¹֪¹˼УѰҹ׷Ѱ
ƽ˵ţ·дһι£ʦ֪𣿡
㶿Żð죬ͻȻӦʬ
У˿ڲ裬͵ˡ
仰˼˺þãʶɱģ˵ڤ󡭡
ڤ󶯵֡ͣǣƲɱлţлˮʬ𼣣Ҿͽƾͼƣڤɱʬˮˮʴ˹Ҫһӣǰ˵ڸ˳ӡڹ֮С
Ȼأ
벻ף׹ڵ鷳ݶ𣿡
ôأ
̧ͷߣֻݹȥʬǽӻȥˡ
߲˵ƽ˵ЩĻþãŲ˼Щ㵽ʲô
ⲻҪ˿ڲ裬ƽʦֻҪңһУΪ˺ϻ
߳Ĭԣһ˵ͷãЩһҪʲô
ϵùպ׹ڰɡ
վ룬·
أ
߼ѯʡ
ſȥҽ̺лŻغϻպһΣſڶ˶٣ͷˡ
̧ۿǰİʦãþã濪ڣãҲˡ
ЦЦûжԡ
ͺȷг̣صУͿлѾö
űߣʰоصǰ
ʱһr飬ƢÿζлڴЩ¡
ţл˹÷䣬̧ͷͿվſڣЦЦҺʦ˵ˣ£ߡ
أ
Ѧӵںعͷȥֱۣ˼ˣô˦ˣ
û˵лǰס֣ѦӵüĥƬ̣ЦҪغϻл㵱һȥ𣿡
⻰Ѧӵһ㶣лŻĻתͷѦӵɫζƬ̣ѦӵƺʲôЦһϻҿɾͲȥˣҺôҩ֪Ѧӵſȣסá
ǻ
üѦӵһ߷ȥ˰ˣҺ˼ߡ

û˵꣬߷һ豭˳ŭȳѦӵٸңɱ㣡
ѦӵŵԱһӦ˿ɱ𾴾ƲԳԷơ
˵ţᲽ߽ȥϴš
˶죬ЩЦȻعͷͿлſŷ˼
ʶʲôѯʣڿʲô
Ǻ졣
лŲۿһȻʶܲѦӵǡݡ
һֻǰѦӵȥҹһʱߣʱʶġ
лԣ˵ͷûж˵
Ͻס֣תע߰ɣܴһغϻ𣿡
лűס֣ӽ˽Ƭ̺ԼֳЦá
˵ţת˫ס֣ۡ
۾оܱҲһתлſڣˡ
ۣѾصϻſڡ
лɫЩ԰ףתͷһۣû°ɣ
лҡͷЩģַסҪǲҪͬ˵
š
лŴͷ᣺˿Щۡ
Ҿ˵
ֹţſȥ
ߵǰʿϳǣʿ㶣˵پ
پˣ
ˡ
ǳ£ЦЦˣȥɡ
˵ţл߽š
лžŹǣϻͻþܴ󣬻þеĺϻжոµģϻȥѾЩƾɣԭտĹ㳡ϹŻźϻĺڰ·ģһ·ͨڷҡ
л̧ͷЩģо̲סڣЩʲô
лᦡ
ĽͣΪЩȥĵлꡣ
лû˵鱱ӵ֪ͨһ˹ͬʱ콣ڵĵӣĺͳǰ棬˸鱱
پ
Ͼʦĸ
˽ƺʦĸĳƺЩЦһˣһϣǸպϾ׼һ£ڸһЩϯ
׼
ϲ죬ϻʹܲ¶鱱ɣ
Ŷ⻰ЩԸðɡ
ͨλϺ͹ӣЩģתͷһ鱱Щ
ǡ
鱱ӦתͷлţҪҪŵ˵˵
лԣתͷЩ˵ĺͳƬ̺ͷš
ʱЦĹϾ롣
лű콣ڵӴߣתͷϣʲôȥ°
֪ˡ
Ϲ˹죬תС뿪
֧ϣ򹧾һԵ鱱鱱ȿڣһаãɷġϢдţҪѾǰ֪
׹ǱߵϢû
鱱Լȥ鱱˵ıɱˣ߶֣׹Ϣ
ͷֻ˭ɱĴ𣿡
ʱûС鱱׹ںϢѹˡ
ħǱʲô
ҩһֱħǻȶ
⻰ߴ˿Ц
ͬ鱱һ̨ף鱱ˣѹ˴ͻȻҪ
⼸ն׹ںֹϢֵϢѹţ֪á
ǡ
鱱֪·ûжʡ
У̤ȥ׹ڸ׼ôպҪȥСģҪκ˲
鱱ԣ׻˼̵ס
˵ţ鱱̧ͷһ죬ҵȻΪϾú
⻰˶٣Ƭ̺ڣЩ


60 
鱱һ´ϸ֮, ȥԼڴУֱ߷ֵ, ˼źˡ
ڤԼɱڵĳϣھͲΪ, ֹΨһܹϽֻʣڣΪĩϲʲǫ̂档
ʱܰ׹ڳ¼޻ֹ, 𽹬Ӧֱӳ, ֻҪɱݣֹʣλɽʿ, ҪôͶ𽹬ҪôѰԮ, Ϊֹء
ʱ, Ҳ͸óˡ
ӮȻ, Ӯ, ֻߵһ
һ, лšݵ
֮׹ʱʹϮû˲侲ࡣ
лݲݵ, ĲҪľסлţǸǰ, 취뿪
뵽һ, ۾, ѸٸѦӵ˸š
ҩ, պлš
괫ţתͷ⡣
ҹɫãȸԾ֦ͷ
һ󣬱㿪ʼ·ʲô¶û֮ǰѻûϢġ
ЩϢԺϻ̽ӣҪ鱱Ѿ֪Ҫۻȴһһֽһ濴һա
ҹſڽŲ̧ۿȥͼлվſڡ
ﱧ㣬һ㶣Цôˣ
ͬ꣬㣬ȥ
⻰֪лŽִҪ˯һŴ
ϵЩΣһǸһкܶ¶ȻȥϢɡ
лû˵ĿΪֽϣƽ͵ҵ㡣
㡭ȥ˯£Ц΢һֱ۰
лųĬƬ̺㲻˯ãպ磬ӦҪǡ
ȵȣ
һ⻰վһ˿ЦǴ£˲ȱϯһͬȥɡ
ѣǴ£æɣлԵ쳣ƽ⣬ΪҲ͡
ƹߵԱߣЦúϣҪġ
лſԼƺЩЦɫȴһתǾȻȥɡ
ڳȣлϢΪ˷磬ƣתͷһһѺӣΪ棺ʲô
͵ĸ㣬ûĵģǳ⣬ԼѧࡣлŽ͡
ͷģͬͦõġ
ѡл˵ţ콣궼Ҫӽ
ЩҲлȥ콣ڽصƼɽƣɺɰأɽˮһɵģ
ʱлͨӣվȺУͷŸߴʿ̲סѯʣһҲ̳𣿡
лŶ˶٣Ƭ̺ᡣ
ʱΪΪлŶԼûģԼΪĴܡ
ףΪ֪δԼһ֮磬Ļᡣ
Ա꣬һŸ㣬˼̻ȥࡣ
֪ΪʲôĪ뵽ף̳˾ģ̲סЦ
Цʲô
Ҿ룬콣ڣӦÿԿ̳ˡ
˵ţд˼㻹ռͽܣȻͽͽ콣ڷٲʢʲôʱͿԷϽ磬Ϊһѻ
лĻûг
ԽԽδΪã̲סͦõġ
ϲҿԴȥ
лſڣһ㶣Ƭ̺󣬲ʶ˵ʲô˰֣ѲԼѣ˰ɣһǾѴźˡ
˵ţһ߽䣬лŷźø㣬˸ϴ
˴˯࣬ӿǰǳߵлţлţҺþûˡ
⻰л۾˼ҲþûĽˡ
ƽһͣѾߵͷˡ
νͷ
ԪӤΪ߽磬ԪӤ֮壬鵤ɵð㡣
䣬ͬеĻ֪ʶ
ۻ࣬뷲𣬿ɵ
֮鵤תʵ壬תΪ壬Ѱǹ룬ɵ
֮ʶ֮ڽӤҪ޵ԪӤԪӤٽһڻתΪԪ֮߱壬ۣǶתɡ
ٲɽ٣̽򡣡
ԣ
ףлַ̧ͷ
ڶɽٶԣΪѲҪҪǣ﷨򡣵ģִеĸԭ򣬶ķʽ
ĽһлŽ͸ĽĵģǳΪӽĴڣĽĵΪһ֮Уڿ˼ۣ֮ж
ס
ЦյлǰЩ⣺ڻþ꣬ǲƽˣ
лŲ˵ǰü鶯ŮӣƬ̺Цƽˡ
˾ӣǰˣŻδôˡ
һڶҫˡ
̲סлţʲôҪ𣿡
л룬ҡҡͷڣҾ;úܺá
˵ţֽ۾˯ɡ
лŶںͬºִţҲú鱱һﱸ磬ҹҲЩʲôҲġ
ϻһƬãȴ̫ƽĴϢ˵廹ţΪһλֹĵӱˡ
иഫţ˵Ѿˣ˵ģһ߱˲ٿصİ׹ǡ
׹ˣʬ֮
ñѾʼΪӰַûˮ̵ʬ壬Ϊʬ屻ˮʴֹӱˣȫ庡У˹˲ٿصʬ
һ䵽˾أֹ裬ֹĴʾڹ뾡취ʼӦʬںδ
ֹĶҿóʬ֮ģɢ֮⣬ֻпں׹ڡ
ֹϽţӦΪʬ󣬻ģֻʣ׹ڡ
֮ǰŮɽ׹Ϯ屻ɱ׹ʬʬСϢֶߣ۷׷ס
ЩϢһϻϻлڵԽ֡
лΪ콣ϾҪύ˲٣ӷȥڶ˹ףء
˿͵ȵգϰɫ﹬װȥſӭصˡ
ιϰʿһһȵ䣬ͬлһӴˡ
ϯʢڵֺģлźͻڸߴ˺žƣתͷΣ
ܺá
лųڣü㵱úܺã
л룬ֻΪҰ죬á
⻰˼Ƭ̣ɵôչȥǰôգ
ǡ
⻰Щ죺ǣ
лŵͷͣûΪĽĵӹҲһֱûֱһһλ޶齣ʦܣͬһ˶Ϊأ˺ܾãһص֮ǰʦΪҽʦ͸һǡ
˵ţлŻԺÿʦһǡ
û˵룬Ц㶼ٶ꣬ٸҲˡ˵ţҡžƱʲôҪģ
лŲһȻ
ҽյԸǣлſ˵ø棬ƽƽ롣
ԸЩֱĿ⣬Ťͷȥһɲ˵ˡ
˵꣬Ͻ⣺鱱㰲̻ߣȥſڿ
һ˵һ߸кſȥ
лŴݸ󣬿߽Ⱥˣǵ㳡ȥ̻
Ⱦ
һȡ
ߵÿ죬˸лž벻ԶۿžҪ߳ſڡ
һȺƿնŻֱ̹ȥ
⽣ü죬δл͵ۣȳ
ЦŻͷлһƺżԱһ㣬⵹д֮˻ᣬ׷ϣлŽ⼱ڽ뻨ʱ㽫д֮һ˳ȥ
ţ
ǿлһֶһץסлŵ֣ڡ
лŲ˵Ϣţ΢΢
鱱˳ҳһƬ˿ڣʮǿЦЦţ¡
лŶĿǿŲƺǻ˺ܴſסԼǰһѴᱧѺȥ£̽д
˵ţŻԺȥܵķŭԹУСû¡
лûгȽ˷䣬ֱһ˺·¶ļͷ侲Ϊ˿ڡ
ȴ˿ڣ·Ǻļͷҽżææ˹ȥĴ
ɡ
ҽսսӣʮƽͣ˽Ϊȷްڲ˳ȥ
ȷֻʣлźͻԷҲ侲࣬룬Ǹûʲô£㲻ýš
лû˵ţشߣĿ䵽˿ϣҪһΡ
Ķܹܵˣ
Щ飬ȴԣֻ̧֣ˡ
лŲֱչȥʲôлţ㿴
лĻתͷɫۣ۾дЦǻṴһ㣬һζϢУ֣סĲӣϣŽԺע⣬ûһΡ
㲻ǡ
лŽüͷתͷֻǻû˵꣬
Ĵϣɹлźһ٣͸оǰ˿
ܱ߿ﶼζлŲԣѹ£סĶᴭŴ棺
ø磬ءнת̧סҪͷҰɣ㿴Ҫô
˵ţԼ·лžǰЩģʶƺЩԣ˦˦ͷų㡭һˡ
ûƽƺѾ֯þлţŬҪþ
ģıѾãôô״ӻþ
ɴཫһлŵϣüͷ壬ƺŬ
ŶԷһڣúΣҾͻˡ֣ͷлŶͷɫƽ
˵ţ̧һƣ㽫ƿӴϴ
һŲлűһץסӣ쳶´롣
ͷһ۵͵ʹϢŵлţԷҡ
лţƽעþãǲһ·ˣҴ㡣
˵ţ˹ξˣţ
лŶһ٣гӣת뿪
߳䣬½磬㿴ſڵѦӵ鱱
ôҵҩ𣿡
ѦӵЦпڣûֻ
˵ţ鱱ˣ
ǱѾһ׼
鱱ƽ͵
ɱǸأ
Ѿ˸ݡУ̵Ϣͻᴫȥ
ͷһתһڵ档
Ჽǰкܱˣ߰ɡ
˸ǰ̤봫
ûһǰ㻻һ
ǰĺϻѵԭأѡΧԱߡ
֣ϻأӭ
ɡ
̧֣תͷѣأ
ء
ѽһһСĺӵݸһû򿪣˵øַҷˣͻ׹ڣ¾׹ڸǰų˷ŹƾܸϹ
û˵ͷ򿪺иǣһ߲þľС
ʬ̫ҴŲ㣬͸С˷źóһġ
ѽͣûᣬַ̧ľϷ䡣
ľвһ󷨻ʧ
һУľеİ׹ǿһüͷ̳ʱһⶼû𣿡
ɾúܡ
ѽӻϽɱҲģҵţһʱȥˣ֮ǰѾɾˣԲѪ⡣
⻰һ٣΢΢ü̧ۿѣɾˣ
ѵͷҿʱѾһ߰׹ڵȻˮ̳ˡѦӵ֮ǰⶫ˵ǽۡ
˵ţ̲סпڤݰ
˵ˣ˵Żɨһľİ׹ǣüͷݿѾλˡ
ô죿
̧ۿ侲Ȼȥľзڴãһ֣ҳûȥǵʬҵǣһ֪ǣʱһߣǸңҿڷУͿԶˡ
ʬǾǾнƽһ˲
⻰Ƭ̺ͷӦá
һѣ˵ͷתͷ鱱ŵӣʦġ
˵꣬ǰȥһ⣬ϢǱ׹ڡ
ԶԶ׹⣬ûһ͸оһضɽҡŭȳСҶ
һƾն£׹˷׷״˯ѡ
ںҹۣǰ
ûƬ̣Ϳݴһǰݣ񣺡¹
ϻ˵ȡһڷ̣Ҷʬ
¹ɫƽ׹ûʬǣ¹ҥԡ
ҥԣЦҶķʶǱʬһ߰׹óҶķʬһ£׹ڻ˭
¹ڣԡ
㡭
¹ţ׹һѡ
⻰һ٣Ϳ̧ۣ俴롣
ԣһ˦ãȥѣߣ
˵ţݴǰ˳˽ȥ
Ჽƽ̫ɣ˿Ϊ֮¹ϡ
û˵꣬ݶסŲ˶㶿ǰ
ԣɻͷ
һ̧ۣͿ֮ϣһ߰׹£ͷڣбһѰ٣Ϸ
ͫ׽ݴͣƬ̺塭
˵ţǰȥ壡ˣ壡
ǰִ̧׹ϡ
Ȼոһ㻯ɻɢ
ŷӦ¹ҽ͡
û˵ֻ꣬һͬʱһܣͬݵԺһ
ɽ뻯ڵĶŴ޴ԶȻȥķʿ͵ۡ
ȻҲƬ̣Ͼһ󾳽Ĳֲ֧࣬ס͵غ俪
ݺǽ棬㱻һסӣᵽߴ
飬ҧڣҲ飡
ǡ
̳Ϣţ¹Ͳ飬ͻ׹һף
Ҹһ£ָҳȻҪ׹ŵӣҶᣡ
˵ţݽݺ˦
߻شã֣ڵ潫׻ռһ̳
٣תߡ
׹˹һأݡ
ʱڳ֮УƿһȺڽɫš
֮ϰپ߹ľͣڿķС
̧ۿȥѴҵˡ
ۿԶתͷһۺߣְɡ
£лһתá
¡дꡣ
ǧ֮⣬һлŻþ֮УлһѪŻ۾
̧ĨһѪѸֱŽ򿪴š
Ѧӵ죬ͷֻǻδӦ㱻ýŲӣݺײϡ
أ
лž죬дɱ⡣
ɱļ両ѦӵʿˮҪлţǸ䡭
û˵꣬лųһѦӵ̴׹ڣ
лŶסѦӵϽȥˣҪʲôϽȥڣ
⻰л̷ſתߡ
ͻȻʲôͷѦӵӵ׷߻˶ã
ǣ
ѦӵͻȻӦ
лƬ̺䵭
õúܡ
˵꣬Ჽǰʧҹɫ֮С
£Ѧӵſ˵Ժ䣬һ
Ƭ̺ͻȻʶл֮ǰʲô
ǹͷһ֪ǽۣԲڤɵġ
֮ǰǡʱлžͶ֮ǣҪ֪ԼǻǰΣⵥڷⶾҪ
̫Σˣˡ
ʶ㣬Ѧӵ̻ͷȥʰһʰһлŰϳˣȥ׹㣬ˣΪ֮


61 
׹ڵĵع
ʬǺ, ݺʶɨ׹ڣٵ˵ع֮С
ѧ, ƶһľϢ⿪عӡع
һĿռ䣬Ĺľ, ܱŷĸ·, , ŭĿ, ִ, ŴеĹ, ȥ쳣ɭ
̧һӣ𣬵ƻͨͿǰһ
, ǰԵ쳣С, Ůӵһ, ȥͳһ
˹ϻ, ˵д
Ź餣ʶһһȷݣѷϢҵˡ
ѶŲԶ߳׹ڵݣ֪ˣȷǵİȫ
׹ڼȻʬ, Ķ, Ὣϻʬٳ, ʬױƻһ˾ǰ
ӦģҰź֪ͨ㡣
˵ţϽӡ½磬ǬȡһѳĨģ䣬ÿһѪ£ڿб仯һģƬ̺ȳȥ
䣬Ѫɫķ餣һһ֮ϣڹľС
÷ķסЩײģ֤Щʬܵ׹ٻʱ£ʼڵ滭һԲη
ΪӣÿһʶѪƶɣ뻯
ȻǻڣѾԼ˶ɽڵһһ󼸱ʣѵԶˡ
ȥɡ
һϣ侲ڣ󡣡
˵ţְ̧ڷм䣬ʼѸɢͬʱгһ͸Ĥ͵淨໥Ӧνһ
ڷд俴ˣŭȳ˴֪ʲôԵģôԭأˣ
˵ţԣƬ̺˲졭ˣ
˶ƺһ㱡Ĥ֣˲ԣ̸𽹬ȣȻĴ޷͸Ĥ˲ãҪԸʲô洫䡱һ죬˳У˴˴ˣ
ˣʲô
ŤͷȥѯʣĵӴŴʵش𣺡˵кߣȡ㹷
⻰һ㶣Ƭ̺󣬾ͿϷĤֳһƬѪ컨ƣһ˻ûӦͻȻѪŵ£
˲䴫׹ڣ߽׵ӷӦֵ̿洫ɱ֮ŵӱѪɱŷӦ
ȭͷ򶨣ֻǮеȥţɱ⣬λȥҲ֮ˣֻҪһƣ߲Ϊ塣
˵ţ侲һɫ̥ĳһۣѣҹǺϻˣҿ˭ܲ
⻰һ㶣漴ʶΪʲô
ӲЩȴ귢ʲôɫһףסˣ˦ֳعȥߡ
ļȻǺߣһݹ⾵п˹ȥ֪˺ϻʬ׵ȥ
ȻѾϢʬǷ£һҲҵع
һٻƺõʬһعϡ
ӵ£һϺһʬ㿴·һصʬס
򴽣˸ӡҲʮֽţôϢعԷȻҪڻϣߵΪ
ϻλ϶ǻڣλϣƲŵķ󣬿ɳλϻ˭
Ǹ𵤰İӲܣȾնɽʧܺͲಡ齸ܡ
˲˼˵Ŀܣߵһ룬ͿһŰɫװŮӱӰ
һ٣˾ʸΪô׹ڵع
ΪζͷԶ΢΢һЦﲻ𣿡

͵ۣ˲䣬Ѫɫӵ·
Ӧ죬һ㣬˺ȥ̧һ٣ʬһǰ
ĨģӭʬĿ΢䡣
һ˦ǰȥסȥ·ֳɨֱӽǰʬг룡
Ѫɫ˽ڿնзλϿס䳯Żӭȥ
խڶսպñ˻
һۣϽӡ˲ڻ
׷ȥ漴һ俳£
гӲ»һͬʱһλе⳯ŻŻѿ÷סϵ⡣
Ҽй֮䣬һӻڶͬʱ䣬߶Ϯ֮Уܲ͸磬ͼĹһһն
Ľ⼫죬˶ͷʼ亹
֮ǰűл˹ֱˣȻͬϺһסȴҲо
״̬һλϼǿ飬ٳһͺˣ
飿
⻰ڷЦŻͷϲԣӦֻһǿʧˡ
ɲǿܱߺȻȥ͵ɡ
˲ʧȥ糤ȣŽǰ仮ǲ
ϱɱؿڣתӡ
ʬٿ֮³Żץһһһ·ȥƬ̣Ͱʬɾ
ȾѪĽ׷һǰڻһץ֮ǰ͵سعתͷȳţ
ͣסŲվϰٹľǰϢţҪǰһҾԱԪͬһˣ
˵ŲԶ룬ȴЦˣδ룬㻹ýţ
⻰ɫһףĿưγĽϣ˼Ǻ棬ûаǵˣʲôо
˵ʲô
ûа֮ˣ߽̲֮ܲסˣڣ۸ĸѡ޶ĶֻԹޣҲ֪Σ
ߡϢţȫĻ׹˾ˣʲôԲҪҹ֮Ҿ͸¶㣬뿪
ߣͣסӣǾúЦ˵һ𣿡
ס˼㻻˶ϳ壬ݡ
Ҳ
㲻ǣ̧ͷ㻻ʲô
ûл
ҧЦ쳣᣺ҿ԰㸴ԭȻߺʦ㣬ʲô
⻰ȭͷп̿֡
۾迴漴ѯʣŪ۾ڱ˵İɣ
ʦԼ۾ǲ뺦ˡ֪һʧ
졣
ײŵģʦͬš
Ҳ
ǿЦ㺦һΣ뺦ڶ꣬㽻Ķ𣿡
˵Ҳǣ̲ס͵｣֣Ȼ죬ӿ£ͬʱһ⣬һƻ䡣
֯ʶסԪӤһնϣͱؿڡ
ʱ洫Ų㻹𣿡
Ҫô
ҪҪҰָò
ԣţ̧ͷ
˵䣬Ѫڣǰ
ΪʲôҪϳ壿ʳԼɻ
ŲԽԽд˼ַַ̧ڽϣҧġ
˽
ò
ݡ
ɱ˶ϳ塣
һУĨɱ

ɫƷڵԹޣ֣Ϊʲô
⻰ЦϹ·ΪЦŤԼˮ໥ӳȥ񣺡Ϊġ
ᣬһ㶣ͿԼ͵˿
ס˿ڣĳſȥ
ǿŵͿĽŲͺߵĽŲ֯һ𣬵ƿʱ˳ſ˫˹ȥ
ûκҲûκֻȥһߡ
Ȼ˹ȥ˲䣬ǺԥһӾͺݺݽ˦
ߵش˦ϣȫǾϣſڵҲ޷
ţֻȥ̫΢ſڵ䶯
ʶ˭ҧ
˵꣬͵ǰһקݺ֮ϡ
ȵȣ
ٳ߻ͷôˣ
ҲƬ̣͵ǰһˣֽڻУҲǺԥһƹᴩ࣬ŭſ
ҵġ
ɫɢȴ¶ָˣ壺ġ
޹أġ
ԺоǡĻ䡣
ĸףٺѣĺߡ
᲻ЩãȴͿ
ƣֻкޡ
ΪõĶ
꣬δйƬ̰ȣʹ಻Ƿ񣬿ֱ˿̣źߣڻ۾
㶱ֱʲôȴҲֻ֪оĪãȻ̧ͷԱ߻ֻʣôˣ
˵ĺߣƬ̣һĨЦûʲôΣ
ѻ߷ӦԱһƣվѪ߹ȥ侲Ҵȹ
ҿˡ
һ۲Զ󣺡˴ǻȥɡ
á
ߵͷɨһľþãڣʦʦ㣬ʦʦãߺͰǻˡ
˵ţ߹ߵͷվ̧кԱ鱱̧ס
Ӧʼһһ߹餿Ծ봫뿪
ŴеӴŹһʧûƬ̣Ҳ˽
ȫʪ͸ϴѪһֻۣΣ
βˡ
Ѳһ鱱ʣµʬ崦ɾжʮӣ鱱ѣһӦþнأ
˵ţתͷԱߣֱ߹ľѣء
⻰߹ȥľǰŲ˶٣Ƭ̺һǰȥ˹ľ
ȥľеȴʼձǰӣ屻ϸϸϣȥ˯üΪꡣ
ѾţþãЦûúô㣬ǲ̣ϲҲûãҾôѿŰɡߡ
ѺϹľľҴȥ
˵ţתͷһԱˣˡ
ѴųĹľһ̤봫󣬺Ҳŷ磬תͷŻ㴦ˣҲȡ
û˵꣬һ͵ش鱱䡱һ£ײҽ
ͺ˲ͷͿſڳһӰ
ʪһòŽеĳմȾ˼Ѫ׺
Ƥܰףƽɫ͸һ˵Ĳ̬鱱תͷپͻȻ֣Ƕס
¡
л䵭ûаء
ֱΣգ÷ɿ죬ȭͷȴ򶨣Ը鱱Ȱµ´ˣ֮ԼӴ뿪
ǡ
鱱Ҷ˵Ͻȥ
ɨһˣ͵ǡҲˡ
˵ţͷһ̤ʧڴ
һ˲ֻʣ»лţ˾ӣΧ£һЦ
Щп㾹Ȼˡ


62 
ˮ, ˳棬Ѫһ
ǰˣϴЦɫ䵭, ȴĹ, Ϣȭͷ
̫, Խ, Խײı仯
Ҳ
лſ϶ڣЦȻ
Ϊʲô
ڽˣмź, һϾǰ, ġ
ڽˣл, Ŀд˼ֳŪ, ˾ã
Ȼأɻ, ѵϾ
л, Ż, ڣ˵
˵ȷˡ
̾˿, ˼ΣϾݺͺ, ϾԸ⣬ִ׷Ҳֻʵʵ˵
ʵʵ˵лظһ, Ŀ䵽н, ͬ˵ʵ𣿡
΢, ֱ֪ʲô, Ƭ̺Цŵ֮ǰƭգΪʵ
л⻰̧ۿд䣺ԣʵǣȴ֮⣬
Ȼ
㲻Ҫҡ
Ҫֻ콣ڡ
ûжġ
Ȼ΢΢ͷ˵ÿ϶лţҲԷµ˶ġ
лû˵۾Ƴ㻹ƭҡ
䣬š顯غϣ
ֱԣĶսָǰ棬ĶȴҪס
ô
Ц㲻ΪºҶְɣ
лûӦ𣬲һȦһȦתƮ£¶Ľ档
Ȼ㲻Ը˵ѩлŽһ·ǰɽڽܱſлźۣ˵
Աɲǣ͵｣Ϯ
ۿŽһֱлŶɽںޱĽ⣬ֻռ·𶼱ѩ̩֮ɽ£Ӳӣһ㼲󣬻æлţ
лûлӦΨнֱ꣬ȥ·
ûзֻܱ֮ннС
ж죬ж죬ֻҪвأͻ̴͸
ܲ͸ļ޴Ϣʱ˲Ϣϰٽ㿪ʼýʹ
ͬ׹Щｻ֣ýδ£лֶ֣ȫʢʱڶδܹһսոջָл֮
Ѹʶȥǻᱻлźɴཫһ𣬽һлųסлŵĶлźԥ𣬻˳ڿһշɴԾ
лŽ˲䣬ԾԶз׭лŲԶһԾ
лŴʤ㣬ɴΪϡ
ͼл䣬ܱ˲䱩ǣһɨ£ɫĽ俪׭ֱϮͷԵĻ
ǵ⣬һʱҲزס͵ذγǬгѾõġѰ顱ӭĽһ£
ײһ𣬽洫ֱӺг룬лû㴭Ϣ֮漴νڶХ֪ԹΪأлźݺײһ
ĻѪŽһ
ɱң
ս⣬̲סЦôɱ޹Ҷˣ
Ϊ۷壬ɽٰ벽֮ң
潻ڴӥХ
л侲˵ԼҪĽ֪νͼ
ͽһÿһʮĿ΢䣬Ūأ
㲻Ҫ˫޵ҲҪ콣סͼ
ͽݺײ˱֮ûƬͣЪ½սһ
ʶԳһ¾ƣΪľ콣ڻֲȷȥؾֱӰͻ콣ڡ
Ƽӿ죬һȥ
лɫĽͷ󣬼˵Ļԣ㷢֡л˪ħûӡԻл˪ǣΪáԡл˪ΪֱӶֻᱻֻӡϣŸײϵĻӡģӡϣáл˪
֮ؾʱѽȶ򾳣л˪㣬ڶȶħʱ䣬л˪ˡ
Щ÷ɿ졣
µ
ȷòµˡ
ܾѺʶֵ֪Ϯĸл˪ˡ
ĴֱӶ֣Ǿ͸ÿǹⱻϮӡл˪ʱ䣬ҲҪףȥĿģȻҡ
Ȼ֪һɱ
ǰѡ˲壬Ҳһ

ϻſʼʱ
ʶһ㣬ҧ볤лųݺһ
лŲһ̫ʢִֵԱһΣĽɨѰݺײϣѽڰཻлĽѰһʣ㽫˶ס˭á
Ѫ˳Ž۵÷
ҧҧ¶ġ
Ѱˡ
ȻѰ飬ܴƵķӡr鵱ĽһӡѪ֮ٲܸӦԼлŵķѰ飬ǿҲԴߵķӡ
ܲܣֻһԣ
ѪҺת÷ɿ죬лһƺȥͬʱ⿪Ʒӡ
Ҫʲôлźԥһѽ뻳У͵ȥ
ƺһѹŻһڹ̳ϡ
ûʱ£˾ۡ
֪Ҷ֪
Ȼͽ˽һ𣬻ʹɿѽ㱻һжӵһԡ
ûսһѰס֣һ潫ѹ̳ǣһץ´ݺ˺¡
Ѳ֮죬Ϯ˻ᣬԱһѳץסѰ飬ϵлŲ
Ҳͬʱͣסٳ¡
˾ӣٺţŽֵѪ΢΢
ڲԶŶˣлűţɫƽһһǰռ
ɱҡ
侲Ѫϡ
оѪⱻпĴУֻҪǰһ㣬ܳпѪܣ֣ܸʺ
ۺ۽֯һԼĽ֪ʲôҧأ߳ȣȥ
ݸ侲д˵ƫִ
㲻ᡣ
Ҫʲô
оĶҧЦ¶
ѣĴͷͷԣԼ
˵ɲǣԽӴ֮͵룬Ҫʲôԥϳ͵سĲ£ŭȳſ
ȻлŶ죬һ͵ذס󣬽ݺѹ̳֮ϡ
Ѱ̳Ϲ£סǾŽɱԼ֮С
ֻܸоһ·𵤣Ľת
ʶ̽ʶоʶ·ǺȻըʶһӨɫСʶ
ԪӤڱĴڷ·һȻȻ໥
Сʶӵһͬһ㶯
˫оʶ𲱾ץסлţץһѪۡ
ԪӤڣ˫޽֮ʶһ࣬󣬽нչ¶˫ǰ
лֱʶ֮Уһ·䣬ʼѰӦλá
ǰסֱһڲԶ

ƽڣһ͵նȥ˲ѿ
˼һ˶һűѪɫ޴Բʶ
һ࣬Ѫܽ顱ԾţĽƽ֯ɵķӡת
˻ᣬһźݺݽ߿漴תܡ
һѽϻڻУºһ侲r
ſ
ҡ
ûУ
㲻Ҹ֪ʵ֪ʵȥ콣ڡ
·ڳͷ
㲻ǣҪҷr
ƭңͷβƭҡ
˵֪Ѿû塣
Ȼ֪ˮһ˳ͷ䵽ǰ̳侲㲻ɱң
лĻָָ֮䣬ʮָཻ̳֮ϣġ
Զɱ㡣
r飬δΪr֮ͷŪrǿٿǣĽ⿪rӡʧɱ޹Ĳɱң
ᡣ
лôһ졣
һ㣬Ҫɱ˭ҰɱҪҰ㱨Ҫħ֮λҰȡҪ˺ϻһʢ
ԶԶõrһա
⻰΢ȴΪ侲ʶʲôҧ
лţ˽顣
ǡ
ۣɽɰػ̹Ȼϣ㣬˽顣
ĵأ
͵ѯʣ޵꣬һ֮ң˽飬ĵأ
лûлӦעҪнһп
ԣЦоԼƺӮһΣ㿴Ǹƭӡϲңܺúվǰ㲻ǲɱңrƭҡαأ
д˼־ǿҵrɱ˾ǡñԼΪɱˣҲرԼ˫ޣ֪ʥˣһĴȥˣαƭң˵ϲңмϲҹȥպҪɱҾͻɱٸҡ
û˵꣬͵סҪ˵Ļ
⳯ȥȴһץסѹڻ
Խѹ̳ϣʮָཻ
ɲǼ䣬ʶ֮У䷭ɶ
Ϊɢ׺£һ
һһ壬⺦ɱġ
ÿҹѪڣξѩꡭ
㶿Щ棬ԭء
𣿡
лŵĶͻмҳ̶ȳȣߣҲʥˡ
Ϣţϣûʥˡ
ɱ˲Ϊ㣬ΪԼ
˫޲Ϊ㣬ΪԼ
ʱʱ̿㣬Ҫ㣬ռ㣬ӵ㣬һжڣѪΪܣΪһСҡ

ȻŵĻ̳֮ϣֽ̳һ£½һ
ҧƺ봽ݣǰվ̳Եꡣ
һ֮ϣ⣬ͷĿѹſȵƽϵǿԼ
Ҳлš
˵ţݣָ̧ڻԺ
֪㲻ᰮҡ
ԿȴǱһһĴһ
ȫΪУ
ϻϣǧӯӯ֮䣬ͷꡣ
۾૳Ұ㡣


63 
˵
, о̲סȭ
񣬲ҳ
̺ҡҡλ, ɳ, ȴֹסǰ˴á
лһק̺, ס
˽, л̧ۿ
þú, лɿ, ȴǽϿ
֪˶á
Щֲʱ䡢ص㡣
ֻԼ鱱֪ͨ, һжѾá
ߣ߲ˣţʱͻȻʶ
ϻǵаħʥƤ, ȴһһʳġ
лš
Σֻܻͷǰ˴, Ϳۿ΢죬ɳƴߴ٣㡣
лȻսͷȥ
Ӱƴ, ع񣬽֯
ȵһ̣˽Ǵ, ̳Ϻͷ, Ϣˡ

лŴϢ, ִ̧ǬȡһڻϣԸԵȡ
˵ţת̧һ˦ɽعɨع˲ը󳤽ײڵع֮ϣѡ
ͷһ¡
л߻ǰᱧָһϣŵ߰ɡ
ʯǵأ̹ؿڣоܱ߿ռŤƣۡ
ûһоܱżϢ鱱һ١
漴ص
Իۣ鱱˹ڵϣͷ̧
лűȺдݶԼһ磬Ƥ񣬴˿Ҳ
ҿ鱱лŻװ˯ţлűֱӽУתͷԸ򡭡
ĻϽ̧ס졣
лſƬ̺˼ֻ֣Ҹˮ
⻰ȻǾЩ˼Ҫ࣬εͷӦš
лȥ˾ң˿һֱŵĴƣ̧һ߰ĴŶ
鱱Ļ㱨鱱׹ڵĴϸϸ˵һȦ֮ǰģеӻǾнʬûʬˮɾͬʱѺϻֵĺۼɾ֮ǰֵĺۼ
֮ѵϢѳͻغϻ뿪ںϻ̫ʱ䡣
֮ǺߵϢ˯£˳ʻΡ
󡭡
Ѧӵ
лŰϳˣȥ׹㣬ˣΪ֮
⻰ɫЩÿ޶˶˼ֻҲ֪ǸȥѦӵǹ˭
ѹٰϢһ飬лŴӾ֪߳ǷźˮͿлߵߣû˵Ͱֱӱ
΢ϽԼߣ
㲻
лſ϶ߵ
ֻһף׾ק֮ʱǿű̺飬Ե쳣עĿ
лĿڱ̺ϣͣƬ̣ŵԡȡ˰ɡ
ء
ԡͰ
лվԱߣ룬ҲԡͰС
һ㶣Ϳлŷ·𲻴κƽȵҰ㡣
˵ǰ忡ϵ¶п£о޷Щǰϵ
ʣȴ֪￪ʼԡͰлϴУ˼ţڿڣʲôʱʼҵģ
ӻ飬Ҿ͸ӦrϢ
Ƕᡮġ˵ҡ
Եʱûлɡ
л˵ţǰˮ͸ˮĶ
ʲôע⣿
þʶѡлּ̳֮ĸл˪￴ģ˲²⡣
ûֳ
ֻǲ²⡣лŴԱȡӣϣңڲϣҪ¶һҲ⡣
㻹׹ڣ
ЩףȻ㶼ˣΪʲôһҪ׹һ
⻰лûӸЩɵô˵
ߡ
лͻȻڣһ㶣û뵽ԼͼôףԷƺ֪һУƽ°ų⣬ѦӵæңߡҪǡ
л̧ۿͬ˵Ҫƽƽ㻹ǲȰ
ҡ
Щ飬л侲Ҵɱ㰲ŵģ֪ҹȥ׹ڡ
֤ȷ䣬˵
лżˣҪԼȥ׹ڣҩңų⡣Һ¡
¡ʲô
Щͣлſ΢ɬʲô⡣
Ȼ㾡Ĳ
ĻǰˣܾЩãȻ
һʼط꣬˵ЩԾͼദʱ䳤ˣ˵Щлһ˵ĻȴҲ֡ӦˡĴ
Ͼþʮлźͺлţǰƺû̫
ǡţ㲻Ľˣ
š
㡪ǳδô죿
ߣ֤r鲻޵
û˵̧ۿǰЩµꡣ
лţףѡ𣿡
ҵ㿴лҨˮ£ңѡ𣿡
ͷЩѿһӶϲأ
лŶһ١
Ŀⲻڻ̺ϣʲôֱֲҿڡ
ĻԺԶȲˡ
·һ䣬硣
ݳˣƽ϶ԵøⱰӡ
Ҳû취
ҳΪħԵ֮һ븴ݳ
ʵڣлŽˮͷϣƽţ֪
Ҳ£
лŶסþãֲ̧ۣѡ
еѡͲʹ꣬ת뿪֮硣
ˣûѡ
ǰˣ˺ܾãϰվڸߴ˿ǰһͨˣȻЩʵ
ĪЩܣ񱻵һ顣
㲻ϲҡ

ϲͷ뿪߰С硣
Ļлû۾һȥὫС
ϣڣҸϲ㡣
ϲ㣬ҾУһ¡
ܸңлǴ˼ЦϲԸҵĶ͡
Һܸм
˵˾ӵ˺þãл°ɣ㲻ؽrҪʲôҶ㡣
µأ
ļͷŲԶļӡ
лĪĻûоð㲻ף˳Ļֻ𣺡㡣
һٵһӻ˼䡣
Ļ۾
˺þãڳá


64 
á, л΢΢оʲô£ڰ֡
, ϴԼ, ϸδ
лת
ҲζţĽѾ˴Сrеڶлͤӡ
r֮, Ľ, лתһ£õڶ֪
л޵嵽ʲô·ɴֱѯʣĽ, ʲô
޶齣
Ǻܻģ, ЩЦ, лҡͷ
鲢ָŮ֮, ĽڷǶȹ, ䷨򡣶齣֮෴˵
˵
֮, ֮, ټԦ, Ϊ䷨һ֡лŽţĽԶ, 齣ԴΪ
ԣЩ, , Ҳ޵
ҵĵ
˵, пתĳ
ɽڵʿľ飬Ϊ޷άϵȫɢɢ֮Ҳ͵˾ͷ͸óһ߿ݹǡ
ƫͻȻִһŵģŵв꣬Ͳߣ̼پֱۣɽ١
Ȼмֲ²⣬ȴǿڣĵʲô
㡣
أ
ͻأѯʣл룬ֻҲ֪
һʱЩ˵תһԹźΪδš
룬˺þãſѯʣȻѾתô˵

ҨˮͷϽ£۾лͷ㲻ҿ㣬Ҳҡ
ھͲˣ
ЦлӲ۾ϵˮƽ
ۣǰɫƽ꣬ʱȻͬƽȰûа
۾·ܿΪֱ֮ӣ룬Ų۾
ʲôûΪϴͷɫ̩ȻĿһΣ漴͸ˮϱȻͬ״̬
㶣ʶʲôɵü
лżװûпڿʲôΪϴɾҪȥϴˣҰ㡭
û˵꣬סĲӣԡͰЦгô˰
лŻ忡һǰǰȥҪҪ
û˵꣬лŷӡһ˦ԭأлŴԼѰԡɾˮӣƽսڻָҪҪ
˵ţ˴ԡͰ̳Ż߷߲ƽĿ⣬ԡһѸٲɾˮڰŪһһһһ·
룬κⲻɫӣŸղˮпģ̲סƣǲǲУ
лŶһ٣Ƭ̺ϵҪǳԲǴ򡣡
ôѣͻȻԼɤӺĻͻȻЩ˼
лŰ·ŪͷŽ⿪䣬ת⣺ɣҰ˳ת
Ҳֻ붺ŪֻûУҲȤлŵ˷˸ţ¡
𵤰飬ת
лű㾶ֱѯʡ
˵Ҳûʲôʵʵ˵Ž𵤡
ţ
лüͷǵõӦֻһŽ𵤡
⣬ЦЦģһĸ׵ģпϻδΪ˸һ·ǿж˶ɽ٣ȡΪ֮ʵûôĽ𵤣ΪŽ֮УȻʦ֮²֮УΪһų֮⡢κ˶޷ġ
˵ƽлŴƬ̺֣ȴֻʣĸأ
ȡ˻ȾΪĽ𵤣˵ȾͲôϻȴúûһȾա
֮ǰûʣ֪Ǻϻ˵˻Ѿ˵̶ֳȣҲûʲôʵġ
ʦʵش𣬡ĸǺϻ֧ҲǺϻĴڣɽʧܣֻҪţǺϻӵϣʦݣʦĸ׶ɽʧܡ
ԣ𵤵ȷˡ
лŸ״΢ɬ
ԲɵЦǲǱƭ̫ƭɵˣû鶼ֲ
ϣƭҵġ
л̧ۣˣûгƬ̺סлŵ֣ԼؿڣЦøãҪңǾͶ˫޼Σʱ˵һŽ𵤣˵Ҿֱɽ٣ֱӷأ
лĿⴹ䣬ؿڣЩ󣬰·ЩԼ¶һĩβ
ؿ¶ĵۣƬ̣վʱ䣬סֵȰںϰɡ
ͷ۾
ķϣⳡ˫޶ջķᣬлŸ߳һ󾳽磬ռ˴ˡ
лͬһһȦһȦתһ֮󣬻о˶ࡣ
ĽճԭҲ˼ֹ
۾һлŸۣŻı飬Ŀࡣ
Ҫ˵Щʲô⴫鱱Ϣ
⻰һлţлַһվ߳⡣
ʱɫŷѾһ죬鱱վ⣬лų̲סһлš
֪Ĺǣֵ˵ɡ
ղ𽹬жɽʿ꽵¡
⻰ˣЦڤɽˣ
Ӧǡ
鱱ͷֹǱҹѾȥ𽹬
֮ǰ׽ʱ򲻹ȥ¹ȥҡͷ¿ɾͲˡ
֮ǰ𽹬صúܺá鱱˵ţ˼Ǹ⣬Ҳû̽Ϣֻ֪ڤʳڵˣȻʧˣҲ꽵֪𽹬
ⲻ㡣
ûж˵Ҫ𽹬Ķ𽹬̾꣬ҲòϢ
Ҫʲô׼
鱱ɫ̩Ȼȵ࣬ЦЦҶˣҪʲô׼𽹬˸ɽڣûʲôϵͺƽʱһóԳԸúȺȡ
׹Ǳߡ
׹ôˣ¶֮ɫһֱúõ𣿡
鱱һ㶣׻˼ǣ¾ȥϲɱһ£һĻָץ
š
ͷʦأ
ڡ鱱һڵع
˶٣鱱ţǽʦʦĹľڵعʦͬһȷ׹ڵº󣬱˵عڶû
û˵鱱ЩģҪҪȥȰȰ
ˡҡͷһ˴ţ뿪ˣԼ˭ҲȰˡ
鱱Ӧ֣ȥ°ɣУʲôס鱱ú𣿡
أ鱱ϣЦ޲ңùúܣȻȲꡭ
鱱˵Щף룬ֻѺǲˡ
⻰ͷԷЩ
鱱ٲ뿪
鱱ߺ󣬻վԭأлſڣ㽫úܺá
ҪǲãĻЦôԵʦֺʹʦ㣿
˵ţתͷлţһЩ£Ϣɣȥһ¡
á
ûжΪƽº͵û´ҲãҶɱˡ
š
лţתͷȥ˲󣬿ʼк޵ʽص鶼˳
Щǰ඼ȶ¶һ顣
֮󣬣룬ڻϵӡ

û뵽ϵԼЩ⣺ôˣ㡭
лŵҪô޶齣
żɽһ㶣֧֧᣺㡭˵ʲô
ת֪ˣֱѯʣ˵޶齣Ϊϣû˻ΪΪô죿һһţǸˣô죿ͬһа𣿡
ȱ𼤶ŻĻȴǷɲ١
üͷ˿ʲô
һΪ˻ģʵʵ˵ΪҰŪ콣ڲףҪǹǻðЩ

֪Ӳףû뵽ôȥˣͷӻôơ
Ĭһԣţ˵Ϊ¶Ҳܶˣʵϸ˵ΪΪ
ʲô˼
ŴСﶼܳٶۣĽ̫磬ʾѣ֮ǰ伸ûʲô顣˵ţϸţʵֻǳٶۣ飬ֻǲ֪ʲôպΨһȷĸ飬˵νӵ㣬Ҫͨ㣬ȥ磬ȥȡһգ㡭˵磬ż裬ˣ֮鲻㣬֮顯ڣǿԺúûš
Ҳ˵˼ţͬػ֮飬ĵľԾɴڡ
Ӧ齣һҪи飬⣬ܼԦ
û˵Ƭ̺ˡ
ǡӳţЩģ㡭
ҴӦ¡ڡ
̸ǾͺǾͺãǴʲôʱҪӣ
ĬƬ̣ж˺ӵͨţϣ̫ˣЩ˯ɡ
˵ţƾͺȥ
һ˿룬վϰ˵ƣߵԺӡ
Щ䣬û侲ͷűӰݳˡһ췢˺ܶ£Щز
Ұ׹ˣúܸɾû˾úϻ׹ڣݾĻɶ󡣡ᣬϴЦڤͻƵɽڣ뱣ִɱ³ɺޣֹֻҪǶһᡣ
ϻֻһˣлţҲû㹻İաٵȵȡ
˵ţĬ
һֵһ£˵ˣ𲻸ˡ
Ҵл£ű棬֪㲻ϲǣѾ޴ȥˣҵΪһ·
˵⻰Ĭ
лǾ䡰صԺ룬ָڱϣݳ
̲סظһ飺Բ𡣡
µ˲κλӦ
Ҳܲκ¶ȡ
оЩˣڲջ֡
ȺúϢҸ㡣ںһ˵ܿˡ
˵ţתһͷͿԶĲݵվŸˡ
ƣɳ£һ
Ƭ̣㷴ӦŻ̫ãˡ
ȹϰȥЩ˼ڲЩƣ͹ˡ
лĻƽ䵭Ŀ⣬ɻȴ֪ΪʲôܾڽʲôĿ˼˵Ժѹȡ
̲סһػ
лڲųΪβ
򴽲ԣлش𣺡ϰˡ
һ֪ˣ棬ûаòܵ
лû˵Ƭֻ̺ȥɡ
˵ţ̧ŵһߡ
˾Ժлŵڣ˵㵱ħ븴
ǡ
ϻôˣΪʲôƫƫ
⻰򴽣Ϊˡ
лתţ˻볣˲ͬǼڱ̺飬̺黹ڣиĿܡõħѪħѪһħΪ͹˵ħһŹ˻޸ع顣ǶûҵֻõħѪ
𣿡
лĻɫ
ЦȻ
ˣ߽䣬лתұ㲻Ƿʲô𣿡
ԭأлŷ³ƣߵǰ
Ұ㡣
ᣬֽ⿪濴ȸͰű̺ȡˡ
˵ǰˡ
ϣĿٲΣ//ȫð
ϣƺ߳ɲʶŲǴӵסĲӣ̲סѯʣղżһۣ㱾ʲô
㡣
ͷߣǰ
ЦҪڣͿлŽ߳쵽󣺡סˡ
ǰʱҲڣҵĴл΢Ҫӻڡ
û˵ȥͷסͬ
ûκγᡣ
Ͷӱ㻨ҹú̡
Щ׵ɫ̲סлţԺǻǰͨ㲻Ҫţá
ûϵлͺܿˡ
ҵ˼ǣȭͷ޿̣Һܲã


65 
ӽʱԺ˯ȥ, ȵ֮˶ЩãſڴϺߺлŸ
лֻҪ, ȥǸȾ쳾ɾԱ߸Ħ, ˾¡
ſڴ߿лţûôֱﲻһӡȥл壬Ƶǰûġ

û˵, , ̧, Ϳ˸߲ҳ
˶, ſһ, ɫ΢лʶȤ, ֻȳȥ, ˵ɡ
˵, л⣬·ʱ˸񣺡ʦ㡣
ګګͷ, л߳⣬ߵǰڴ, Ϊĵţܱл¶, 㲻Ҳ࿼ǿԼܲܵˡ
⻰, , ˼鿴ź, ҧгݣұ
˼ҳһĺúӣ㲻˼Һ֣𣿡
һ͸µģŻ֣ĳȰ֪ǰûԵ첻ģҲô˫ޣûʦʦ㡭
ʦ㣬Խ˵ԽףϽ˵˵ˣʲô
ŶոյõϢ߱ʼ£ּݺ´ˣ
ʲôһ⻰ˣȲˣӴ˲ڴϣ˳ڤͻˣ
ڹؼʱ̣׽𽹬𽹬ʿоˡ
˵ŸյõϢ֮ǰڤʳ˵Ϊ𽹬ͻȻһɽڵ׽٣˭̸˹ȥҧ˵𽹬Լĳ϶ɽ٣Ҳû취˫סȥħˡ
ţɫ˼ŵħ񡭡ܹ¶𣿡
Ҳ˵塣˵õϢħΣҶֹ֪ȥδزǴ˲̽ħ˼
Ϣ
ͷ׷һϢԴѶûϢ߾ǰ֪ˣ
߾ֱش𣺡Ѧӵ
һ㶣ɵø죺ѦӵôֱӸҴţ
˵лſ
⻰һʱԣʶ˵ᣬ漴лŸɹЩʲôһʱҲûе
ͣƬֻ̣ʣĶϢ
ھ𽹬ſڿء
˵ţɵЦÿοֶܵÿ죬ʱ䣬ܵ𽹬ĵؽȥˡ
Դ˵Ǽֲ֣룬Щ棺Ҳ֣˵ڤôͻȻͶְɱأ£Ϊ˸ڤ󣬾ȻԸݣ
źɻ󣬵Ҳû룬ֻҪû£ȥϢҪ׼һ¡
׼ʲô
߲ףЦ׼ħ
㶣ûһʹһӥХħ´ּʱǲʹ
ӴԼˮԸʦڹкúϢпָһµӣԡ¡
ãˡߵͷվ뿪
̴ӽ׼ȥԡԡ
ղԡأûãŲ֪ˣҲûͷȶԷվָ̧Լӣѯʣħʹô˵
Ҫ󿪹ڤ󣬡лŰ̧ҹħڹ¡
ûˣ
ûСлҨˮϣʲô
ҪȾͺˡģºн٣ڤɽٳɹһᱣڤ󡣡
𽹬δҪڤ󡣡
׹ڡлţ׹𽹬ţΪ׹ʬһŭ֮ڣ𽹬Ӳ
𽹬û㹻֤ݡлѻЦֻҪҪڤͱɱݣɱݣ𽹬ͻ֤ݡ
ȻأĿʲô
л⣬תͷȻһЦɱݡ
лֻ̧ҿֱɱ
ҡͷ˫ַˮԱߣϰлţҪ𽹬֡
лŲ˼Ż£ЦסҪ԰
֪ˡ
ло棬Աȡԡһ˳
ʢװһ׼ú󣬱鱱лһ˵ȣӴֱӵħ
ÿŶֱӴǵĴ
ⶫͬʱһ͵㣬һյ㣬ܿħƽʱῪշֻħŻῪ
һ˴ӴһͿԱߴһһӰ֡
ڵ˶˹һۣСͬлŵǹħûġ
˵ţлŵˣᲽȥһһԸһһҪװɶûʲô顢ȫڽ˵ӣҪ˾̫ˡ
ˡ
ں˵仰̲סڣپȥ͸òӡ
ԣ̲סл϶࿴˼ۡ
ɷǣȾ
ȥ룬͡áҲȫų⡣
ļ֣߽ǰһ״̬¶ְ
ǰվǺƺƵһˣӲ
֪һۣлţǺϻپ
ԣ࿴һлţ漴̹ÿ
лŻסɫºͼ֡
һ˴ʱѾֻ׹ڵλûš
ڵ˶עǣ˽Ŀлţһ·̨ף̨ռλá
лźͻϯڻԱߣط¸һϯڸߴ
ѻȸҸԴ
ûһŴ򿪣˳ȳħ
⻰˸̨ϵִߣ˷׷׵ϥ£ߺħ򸣽𰲡
ſڿյһƬ·û˴ڡûһߴĻ֮һӰ·ɳһ㣬һӳĻϡ
òֻϡܿһӰۣڣƺǴ˰ߣԼԿߵǡ
δصڴĸطĻǿɺã
⻰лڲλ̧ͷĻ꣬Ŀ΢䡣
һЦ΢΢ϰ񣺡ħǹңһаá
˵õѪЦǳһģʵȡ
ϾæϽѣ¡Ҳֻöѡ
ѪѾУĿŲȥתͷ£ԼҪߵͷ˰ɣ
Ȼ̱̬²
˳޵Ļţ˵Σִˣ
ǣ
ᵽ£̼վͲָ±ϣŭȽڤɱҶ壬֤ȷ䣬ȴɱ֪Ǻξģ
ڵɱ
˵ţЦӵȷܴ󡣡
ħ
˶Ի˸񣬴ݲȵһ£ɵ㣬𽹬Ҳǻ˿ûеһʱ佻֡
ɵ㣿
ƺȤǷʲô
֪ҹڤŮɽͬʱкϻپҲŮɽϡ
⻰תͷȥͿЦЦûһģҹʲô


66 
µĻ, Ϲ¶һ˿ѿһԱݣЩ飺Ǹ巢ʲô, ͬ¹˵ˡ
ôһѣݱ׹
֮Դͻлż޻ڤ⻰ֻܰ˵л, ζ˵滰һ˵ٻʱ©ٳ, ˵ˡ
ǰϢ, Լڤһ·Ӵܵľٶ, б˶ŮɽҹѾ, ûʲôʵġҶڴ, ֮, ٲɣ
˵ţݽһ鴫ϣ洫ǰ
ǻģǰ˵Ļ棬ݺۣŶһһȵ, £֤ɽϽ𣿣
еĺ, ΢΢ü, ûò¹, ǰ˵ڤɱ, Ҳڤ֮֡ڤ˵ͻ֮Դͷߣʧڼ䷢ʲô
Ҷˮ֮У
ݴ£ŭȣ˭֪ʲôֶΣֹûҵ˵߾ߣҶȻѾˣΪ֮ûϢ
Ҫʻˣ¿д䣬ûϴ⴫ӦģûݣҲֻлԼ֪
⻰ۿ΢죬ƺڽԼãȭͷѣϾδޣ
üͷЩ׻˼ǷߺޣѣˣҲδޣʬδôƫһˣԵ𣿣
⻰һɫ΢ԣҲ˼ŭ⡣
ƺǿƲסԼվΪǣڤһʶãҲһͬȴţƫҪڤĻ˵ûɱûɱ֣ʲô
ֻǲѡңңܹԼɫ豭Ƶһڣرˡ
⻰ʶлţлɫϲŭҲ£תͷ˻һۣ¡
ԣЩѿͷǱʰǿԼԭλ
һ£ͰŤлһ£лŷס֣ʽġ
ڳ˶Ϸ̾ȻǸϲ̨ĴϾˣлŴǰȴҪΪ˵ˡ
ȻⳡУ㲻һڳ²ؼģΨһֻܴӻϣҵЩɥ֮ʹĹ
ôˣûһĹ塣˾ˡ
¡ϵδޣСһ𳤴÷ʱ侲ˣһˣŻлŵĹϵ
һֱϻѡδ޲һһº塣
Ϊжȣ֪в츳վȽŸҲһ·
µӣȴϷһѣֻҪܰѺϻȥǻʵ⣬زṼ¡
ʹ۾һȴתͷߴһֱ˵ѪħѾˣҶ֤ڤ˺Ҷ֮ˣ֮Ҷˮֲ֪Ϊα׹֮˽ʬǴߣڤǲɱҶף֮λ·ͼıֹ㵱лħΪ
¹˵ҲЩĻģĿתλã׹ô˵ģΪʬǣᵽף
˵ţɻ׹ڵأ
ڳû˵ʣڵأ
ڽ϶ڤɱˡ
һʻ̻ش𣺡ΪͻƣԼŽϵΪʳѾûˣ
ڳЩЩ˻֪⻰ɫ󺧣ҲҳΨеüͷֱӵΪһˣ
ǣͻˣ
Ѫ£ҲŭȤζԣڤѰ׽٣ɽ֮С
ɽٰѪЦΪһɽʿװͣ
ڡ
ݼڣѪⱾڤԼţΪһԼŵӣʲô⣿
⻰ɫ˲üΪѿ
ڳ˭ҳ
Ѫҡӣתͷʣǣûˣ׹أôҲ
ħ
վſڸտܹܽ񣺡׹ûлػѾ˹ȥ鿴ˣһͻн
Ѫ̾˿ǿգûأ˱㲻ѱˡ£ССһڣҲˡ
˵ţѪתͷݣôأ׹ڵҲҲ㲻嵽˵ǲڤɱģҪѪ£ڤòʲô֤֤Լ㰴ĹشλǶɽʿ̨һӮˣǶԵģˣǴġΣ
á
ס
ݺͬʱ
ڤողɽ٣ͬȣǺʤ㡣ݺò׵ᣬַԣüͷԽʲô˼
ħʵһķӡ
¿ڣл̧ͷѪЩ棺Ŷ
һԻԡɱ˵α
⻰ǿ˵滰Ͼʲôûɡлš
ϲԣлңͿ»عͷɨлţ罫ʱŮɽڳ֮˵Ļһ飬Ǳ١
д˵ȷ
ѪЦǡ
ǵ磬ֱڤϱѪĻµҲһֱӽʶеĹչǰҲܲ̽߷ֺһڤʲôʮˡ
á
һĶ̳£˽н
û˵Ц飬ʲôڵأ
ǰѪҲЦǰڤɡ
ѪڣԵһֻܵǡ
ת¸̨򿪴ţ̤⴫
ڽֹΪ˷һţȱڣû̸鱱Ͻһ׹ڵϢͽ
ϢҲϣ˻
һ˵һ洫Ųһ񣺡ħ
ƣһоʹ˼⡣
վԸڤ󣬻Ҫļչʾ˸ףԸ⣿
⻰ڤһ¿ڣºͣȴ˼־棺ڤ󡣡
ڤͷӲǡ
ƴӵӣԭ
һĹĹףοǶɽڡ
ڤվ¸̨
ڤǰЦŵڤһһὫʶеľ÷չָ˿㾡µҹĳǻ뵽Ҳᱻչֳʱ֡
⻰ڤЩţȡһӣӿȥƽƽ棬һҹ飬ţдʣ۾ָڤüģڤֿˡ
˵ţʶڤʶʶǿԶڤ󣬸һڣڤһǿϢǵضԼʲôֻһֻֽļקЩ䶼Ǳ߳ܡ
ԣ
͵طӦЩ䶼ᱻˡ¿
޴ĿڶǱ͵͵һǰĻ泯ǰϮȥһ˲䣬һ͵ۣŻ͵غȥ
гл˲һѷסһƻڤϣֻһ죬ڤ㱻ػɳȥݺײúõĽ֮ϡ
һʾȳڤʲô
㡭üͷûʲô˵飬Ϊ˵ֿ
ʻڤɫһһ
Ҳסֻڤôˣǻʲô

л⻰ۿȥ£޹ôʲô
ǡڤڳЩҲ˿
Ψһ֤Լİ취üͷ㵽ײ˿ʲô
ˣ
һ˦ӣתͷ£Ը֤ףǲᣬնҪ̨֣ϼˣ
¹˾в֪顣»Ϸ绹áԡ
ħ
û˵꣬ſھʹ˼ּе
˿ȥ׹ûˡ
⻰һط͵
׹𽹬ұۣһֱ֣ͻȻûˣһڤҪ̫ࡣ
ʲôûˣ
ǰ
Ѫģƺطݣظһ飺ʲôûˣ
׹ƻ˴ͷϢ͹ȥӦϵ׹±ָϵţ´Ϣ׹£һ˶ˡֳд򶷼󣬵úܸɾۼҲûκϢ
ˣ
طһôˣƽ޹ʣͶûˣ
عطҵĻħܹܣֻ˳飬Դ¸κΣعҪҴˡ
عѪĻЦҿɻûء
ʧ̬
طһع·ͻȻ׹ڱ𽹬Ͻ̸£ħˡ
Ǿɡ
ѪЩƣȥ׹֮£պ̨¹ڤ
ǡ
⻰ط񣺡Ů¡
ȥɡ
Ѫ֣ط⣬˵˳ȵվѪͻȻڣ¡л뵥ͬ˵
⻰лŻȥлţҡ
л̧ۿһĻҡӣƬ̣ͷȥ
߳ܹܽϴţоֻ»ͱѪ
˳ĬƬ̣ѪЦ֣
⻰վĻĽ̤ϡ
ȥʮֹɣδħ֪ħɻã
ãѪֱڣһãջ˵ķݣ֪ģԷͷӰԼϣᣬ۸㣬ֻҪɴӦñ£һܺá
֪
űѪºֻͣ涼ٽħѪˣ˱ӣﺦ¡
ô
ѪЦ°ͣĻͷһ˶ˣ㻹ʲô£
ôܺħȣͷЦΪѰrôħһң󣬲ãħ빲ȣ
⻰ѪЦ
þã̽ɴһ˫ΪƯ֣ĺߣؿڵı̺顣
ϷԼҪκ쳣űѪĦϱ̺飬ºͣű̺飬˱ۣлţĲ𣿡
ħѣлĽΪr
˰
ѪЩź±̺飬ջɴؿλϡ
ˣȥɡˡ
ǡ
̧һۣ¡
߳ͿлŵſڣעƬ̺󣬵߰ɡ
˵ţһλǰźõĿͷߡ
ڳ˲˵͵͵һлţɫϲŭ᲻£ƾԼľ飬ֱЩΣա
ܣʶ̽һȷϸ˿ӣĿлţְֱߣĦ
лŲЩסָ֣
лŻǲΪ룬ɴһѽлŵֱ۱ڻУл˷Ӧͷգգۣ¶ֺһЦ
лͣ½Ųת㶣δӦԷ͵ͷһ¡
ԭأоЩ죬лźʲô¶ûһ㣬תǰϹˣŷӦϽ׷ԱȥʵҶˡ
˾Ĭ߽ͷ˸ˣ̿ʼ鷿䣬ȷϷûʲôӵķ֮󣬸Ͻ½硣
ʱŻͷͿлͷŴҲ֪Լô㶿
ʲô¶飬ɲ֪ΪʲôôκΡһףĶ쳣
оصʱʱʲô£ô㵽ֹǳǳ
մ̸ֻ飬ú¡
⺦֮䣬ԼԼЩϲ
ǰˣл괲ȻعͷͿŮʱ޴д˼ֹ
ôˣ
ѯʣźţ㡭ղʲô
ΪҪ㡣
лųʵͣĪЩΣתͷûС
ʲô
ҡ˵ĪƵ˼֣־ԼҲûʲôһҾǣ嶯ʲôõ¡ǸҺħ֮ǽ׹ϵͬҪһӦӻϻЩֺҺ֮ûʲôʲôԷ
֪лſڣϻĻ̌ͣͷ֪
лŽͣڻþȡǸ˵
һ㶣лŵ˼˵ǵǼ±Ǹˣ

õлſ϶˼Ļûг
лߵһԣԼ˲裬һתͷʵղˡ
ţ
̧ͷͿлžղ㡣

һʱЩӦлߵǰЩģңֻøˡ
㡭ͷ˼ɢŵҲͦúġ
չҪˣлܵʵʵ˵Ҳ̫ƽϡ
⻰޵ĻҭؿڣһʱЩֲ壬лŵÿ벻ˡ


67 
㡭Щ, ֪Ҫˣ
㲻ɱ
л̧Ц㡭ȻǴ㡣ɱɱ𣿡
лû˵ֱãϽס죺˺, ֪, ħһôȱ, ȵʱٽ㡣
š
лŴ, ûжʡ
ȫȻļƻ, ɵЦһΪͬ⡣
ΪΣ
Ϊ˵ҪҰɱˡЦ
лҡͷ
Ҳ°㡣
޵ɻľ߽ݾ
֮½Ϊ, ľ, ֮ʱ, һһ
Ļ̲ס٩ܰһ, 㵱ʿģ
չ鲻¡
л˵, ûаղῪڡ
һ֪ӦйԱ, Ŀⲻɵ䵽ŵ彣ϡ
Щ뿪ڣȴ졣
תҲĽһصĽһʽ̫, Ҳʹˡ
һ޶ԣܷһ, ʵϵĲǵ֮
ûһлţҲǸһ, һлš
뵽һ, ԼŲĿ, лŲȻлȴƺ֪ʲôֻǲһ
ʲô
ɻлŽͣ޷ڴʶⲢҵһΣź
лŵĻЩ׹лŵһھ鵤±Լһ
ûĵĽһһ
˵ġΣźοĲԼ
ȳ˳ٶ۲׸飬ȴ΢Ҳʱϲ
лż˵룬ת˻⣺ڤΪʲôôҿʶ
̲סЩ⣬˾ܲҴȷսЦпڣҪ͵ϴ裬Ը֪𣿡
лŶһ٣ûг
תͷǬֻʣʱܽʶ˿ķģ
ַδţУǱض׷
ŶҵȻûУֱ׳лЩɻ󣬾Ϳһҹ飬̹ϵǿҹ顣
лһ㶣ͣҾ֪ңթġ
ǣл˼ţ֮أڤɱݡ
ɱˣЦʰ߰
Űɡ
תͷ⣺ܿ죬ͻҡ
ħһҹ˺ϻ⣬Ŷһҹδߡ
ں׹֮£طȥ׹ڲ鿴
Уڤǰ俴Ҫ
ڤ򴽲ǰһƺݺݳϣΪ㵽ɽڣǸˣ
ڤѪ侲תͷŭۡ
ǲƭң
´յǰ嵽ǲɱģ
ǡ
ڤ侲ڣ¶ôõĻΪʲôʲôûʲô˵ģ
ڤĿ΢µͺȣ˵
һɱݡ
ڤ󲻸ҿӲҪ
û˵ǰꡣ
Ӯݣ̨ۣݵʵֻ̨ķݡ
ǰҲûȻʶҪЩŭ
ĹȻҪˣ
ִ̧·
һżΪ԰׵񻭲һ㣬ڵļһջϣԵø졣
ɿԿԭһټΪӢꡣ
ָ·ڤоָ飬
ָһ·£ڤԽأ¶סúͷڣҹȥߣӮˣٻŸҵ
仰ڤһ㶣̧ۣ˾뼫ҪӮ˵棬ҿһԸ
ڤ˵ϢȭͷʲôԸ
Цд˳ʲôԡ
˵ţһ߿߳ȥɡ
һţڤ
ҪӮ
ҪţӮ
ӽһλᣬϧһдۣӮ
ڵã½磬Ѫε棬۾
Ѫ֮гһѪɫ΢΢ţٻаħ
ǰصаħrܿǿ˻ʿǣʵԸʧȥǣ˼䣬Ϊr֡
rr˼ȡԽǿڴ˽ʿӦ֮£֮磬ųЩrˣr顣
ٻrѾܶʹã֪ܷٻаħΨһĳ·
ѪһһλƳɷ˯еĻ͵۾
ʶбӡĶƺ˸٣ϢϺɫӣͷһ˯лţת˳ȥ
һߣлű۾
ĽûУƺ֪ʲôš
۸ӦƬ̣ץĽ˳ȥԺԶݶ
ݶ֮ϣŻƽ߸棬𽹬Ժ䷽򼱱ȥлӭŶԷһɨԷһת⳯лǼ۶
ⷨײһһ˲ԱԷ֮С
ǵͽʿɽʿԼǾ׸ʵ൱Ķɽʿͬʱչ˫㼸ͬʱһռ䡣
ʶһ㣬ԷȫսѸ򣬼ȻлŽ׷ᣬһӯ£ƿնȥٽ꣬˲Ϣѹ⽣ɱȥ߲
귨һתͬ⽣ײһлμ죬̳󣬳͵һС
ͷء
ֻˣԷȴһѪû˲仯һűгķֽƮȻ¡
ѽѽŮƮлŶߣл㵽ħģǳħѽrⶼ𣿡
䣬һrалתͷаĽ
Žãڻսת
*** ***
лŴʱڤ󷿼Ѫڵ棬ٻ
ҪӮ
κδۡ
ִúоܱһӰںҹ֡
֮ͣ£̧ͷͿŮں֮Уͳڣٻң
ǡ
ڤҪr
rˣǿΪ۷壬Ůɫ˼ЦΪۣΪնΪr֣Ը⹩ң
ֻҪɱݣڤڣԸ⡣
ŮЦƬ̺֣ڤüģԸ㲻ڡ
˵һɲǣrаŮһ˲ը
ܱȸɶʿ˲俴а췽򣬶֮Уڤüģһǿžʹ˲ӯʶԪӤ⣬Ůӳ֮ʱڤ˹ڵϣڴڴϢ
Ϊһӡʶ֮С
Ů䵭Ѱ˲̽ӡ̳ݶɽʿӲƴûнֻһαɱĻᡣ
˵ţܱߴŲŮӰʧʱڤ󡣡
⻰˵꣬Ůӱ㳹ʧԭأڤ̧ͷ⴫ŲϽֳۼȥ֮ϡ
͵ײʱĮȻۣɽѹ˲ѹ££
һУص䣬лŻڳ˯˯գ̲סָһͷѡ
һлſڣˣ
΢ȻֱץסѱĴлű۽̵ϱӣ᣺˯ɡ


68 
˯ɡ, áͨͨģѾβ׼Լжˣһںϻ統, µ, лź̸
ڶ׹ڵع, л֪ԡ
ڵֱץ
лӦƽ¡
лŻ, лŵʲôʱѵģ֪֪Լȥʲô
֪Ļڵعô˵ţ
һ졣
ڵع˵Ļ, 侲
лŲû˯۾, ˼ֹģ˯𣿡
㡭̽, ʳԼɻ󣬡ʲôʱѵģ
лŲ˵һ, ˻ѣûãѹ, 㿴㲻ڡ
⻰˿ǲ֪ŷʲôз˸Ц̧ۣ㲻ң
лŲ˵мָ˵ӣһ, ѣ˫, Ҳ¡
˫, ûʲô󰭡
, ˵ͷرӡ
Ƚ˱ѣ룬Щ顣
סлţؿڣģºܰȫ
šлܵƺģ֪
ƽȣҲ˯ȥ
лָ˳ͷһ󣬵ͷĶͷ
̲סЦЦ
ʼΪԼºˡ
ڶ飬л̬ȼãӦ
ֻлųһЩ˵£Ҳûʲô̫ƽӼչţ˻ÿ촸ŵҲ˵λʲôת䡣
طҵ׹ȥգ𽹬˽˹ȥһ˳ҹߣȵݺڤ̨ǰҹô
лתͷһۣ˵ͷлű߳⣬Ϣſ˽磬С䳹
лһߣ
ѻͷײ䣬һȦ󣬱㻯ڵ棬Աһ˵ϣͷȥ׹ڹһȦ;ݸɵġֻͷӻǣûףǵӣôͻȻ׹ڶ֡
ѵĻ˼š
֮ǰúߴżٵϮֹӣΪ֪ܱܿ׹ʬһĶɡ
ʬݺ˳ͻܱʿȻ֪˫ط֪
ߺͻϮ׹ڣϢһҹ֮һŵɣֺֻټһʵĪлš
лŵᣬֱɱл콣ڵӵݣô֡
ΨһܻɵлͷϵֻĺͻΪлɱ
ǿΪлһ㶯
طѾϽ֮¶֮꣬𽹬˱ض£ֻҪ²˵Σ벻лš
벻лţ벻һϻ
ֻط޷ȷΪҲ
ô˵һѡ
ĿʶϣŲص뱣ڤ󣬵ȻҪ˵ݻͷھݲˣһˣΪǿ𽹬ѾˣգѹݱڤɱɱɱˣͷӴԼԶ֡
֮أ
ͷӻħһֹλɽʿӭ𽹬Ϊ䡣
ѡ˭
ڤӮЦڤ󡣡
ѡڣҲЦֻĿԴ
Уˡ˵£վ̲סһ֣˵ҪѦӵ⿴ȥҲ̫ˡ

ץ˲豭͸ҹȥ
Աһ㣬һֻѻϴ̨ǰ̲סͷ㻹ðɣ
ġ
֪ʲôͷв
ѳĬƬ̣һǲ̧ۣĲУ
ӭ֪ʲôƬ̺Цרһʵģ
Ҳǰװ׸ġ
侲
ͷ֪İɡ
⻰Ӧһתͷ뿪
ߺ󣬹Ƭ̣лҿԽˣ
ɡ

л߽ݣ̧ۿվſڣþãǰУһԲ
˺úϢһȵڶ㵽ݺڤԼʱ䡣
̴ǵ̨ѪѾϣɴĻòֻϡһ꣬ҡӡ
µڸҩڿһֽۣҩľȻѦӵ
ѦӵûһƦ䵭һۣŲĿ⡣
ûˡ
Ѫڸ̨д˼ڴ¹ƺҲûͬɽʿˡ
ʿԽԽϧǶɽʿһףѾû˭ͬ׶֡
Աط⻰߳ͬɽʿ֣۸ˣ¹ʮ䡣
طҡ⻰ۿȥ⻰ʲô˼
ʲô˼¹طҶݣҪػºͳ
¹عλǳԺΪڤҲҪˣ˵ţתͷݣĿд˼ֿŵ¹ǲض֮ȴ
ѵһȡΪɽٵӣҪ
⻰ֱӵɣ
ȡΪ֣Աɫ΢䡣
ĵͷȲ裬Ҳûж໰
֪Ȼֳɼ󾳽磬粢ʵԵҩʳΪ߽ݾ֮;ǿͻƵľ磬ͿԼһһΪȻͬʵҲ֮
˵ڤֻǸողɽ٣ڶɽپȹ̣Ҳ޵ǧꡢݵĶ֡
ʶȻûսҳ𽹬ͻ֮⣬ﶼѾ˽
Ȼ¹˵ʼǾͰڤɡ
Ѫɴûڤ㱻˴
һɫϸԿɫĻɫƽһϲŭһ͵ݣ¹գΪ屨𣡡
⻰ط̧ͷЦվȵúܣͲ֪δ᲻ڣ
ʲôڣ۳طҿȥֻԼѧղ䵽գȻֵõ¹֣ڤˣ˽
ҧ˵Ĺ⻰̧ͷЦǽеû
ô¿ȥ㵱ô˽⹷ϰԣ
µûĿ΢䣬طʶ뽫ֱ߷Ҷ˦ȥһѵֻôһ룬;һעתȥͿлŶ˶ڻߣĽ࣬ڳ֮£ʡ
طҶס̲סЦסлţͷȥŽعףҺúŶ
лĻƽȵ¡
ˣѪ綼ѿ˼֣ʼɡ
˲䣬Ჽ̨ϣڤ˲䣬зֽ˲ȥϿٽӡġ
һ˲֮䣬ֽڤ󣬳ݼϮȥ
ɫƽһһƾճ֣ڸ߿գ̧һ滺Сڤ󡱶˲
ֿʱ
תͷлţЦƣ
һն
˵䣬ڤƺѾ׼ڶһѰѷɵŸߴݼ۶ȥɵ죬˲ƿݿԲٿŵƣֲڶ죬ڷɵǰ˲䣬һϣзɵ·Ϸֻ죡
ǰѱϣɵ˲ת֮гڤȥ
ڤֱ̧Ѫɫģڰγһ޴󣬷ɵײڷ֮ϣһ󲻼ɣܱҶоۼڤûһתϮȥ
ƮɢڿеҶƺʶļ֮ʱ㼰ʱնϡ
𽥿俴Ÿ̨·𽹬λɽʿǶֹλɽʿ˫Ŀţƺ̨ͬһɱ
ҶԽԽܣڤʹƺ޷
ԽɫȴʼմݣֻϲŪҶԽԽ죬ԽԽ
лţ˵ţ¹ðڤǧ˰
һ˲ܱҶھ̨ϣ͵ؼֻ͵һҶ絶鳯ڤ󼲳۶ȥ
ڤæ򿪽磬ȻЩҶ˲һϯܱߣݺݳײĽ硣
ԽԽҶײԽԽ죬ֻƬ̣ڤ͵鿪ڤзҶȥƬҶԾץס͸Ѫ⡣
Ǳɵľ󣬷ȴʼղó·
ڷ޶ԣΪڤƴҪ½磬ÿθոտͱҶ顣
ҶһƬƬѪ⣬̨ѪȭͷŸ̨
ݾӸ£ŪڤһлɱȴһֱҶǧС
ʹڤźۼһ۸ߴ
ڡ
ǰ
ϢţʹۼҲԼŸߴ͵һȥ
ȥƬ̣ҲǰЦ̧һ絶Ҫֱȥ
Ҫ˽Щ壬ܻ
˶Ÿ̨ϵˣڵ漴ڤһɲͻ
һ޴аϳ𣬰Ŷɽһһ͵Ϯȥ
ݻæ٣Ȼȫ˲Ľ磬ֱֱ֮У͵غ䵽ڵأ
һ˲ȫ£Ѹʹ˲䴫ڵ͵ذ
ڤصڵأȻԥӽϰγһذף͵شȥ
ţ
ֹλɽʿȻ
ذ׺ݺݹ֮УҲһɲ֮䣬лĽȻڤֱȥ
طºԥͬʱڤǰνɽʿһлŵĽײһ̨ϡ䡱ը
һնûһ㶣û뵽лžȻʱֹ¡
ܿ췴Ӧڤ󼱺ȣڤ㷽ŷųʲô
ǡr
ҪڤشлűȻش˻ʻ
ŽŸ̨ȥ
֮£һ£ɱ֮콵֮ˣ̨һȥ
طлŵĻͼЦлţr֣ġ̨ϱǶԼľ֣ô£
ÿ
лŷ·ûطҵĻὣ̨ס
ĿڤϣڤоѹǵضѪ֧Ųס͵عڵء
¿л̲סеý̧ͷߴħ֮£ֵõһ˵𣿣
콣Ľһ֮аħƲrΪ֮Ľһǧɹɱ
ѪŲæڸߴ𣺡ϾĽһѪr飬ѪݲrҲ⡣ֻǰѪɴתͷһԾлŵĻЦ콣Ͼپأ
⻰лŶסӣ̨ͣԵתͷȥߴ˵ˡ
Ѫɴ֮󣬻վ߲Զ
Ŀûд𻰣ֻǾ
ѪӣЦپǱˣĹʲôʱrˣ˵ѪЦϾʼ콣ڵĵͺϻûʲôϵ
лţѪеľ棬̨ϣӮӮ
лŲ˵Ϣȭͷ
֪ǲݡrĴڵģֱֻգŵһлţڴǶôϾɱ
лƽֻǡr
ҲǺϻپ
ҧ
лû˵Ƭ̺΢΢
˿ǴͷʱͿ͵س
Ľ̫죬طҶĽͿѾڤǰ
ʮѹ⽣˲ȥڤ±ǿ֮ĩֻ䡱һ죬ڤ˶˵֮ϡ
·һĴܣȴ⽣ڤڣڤƤʲôܣȥΪɲ
̵ʹƽ۶һԵˣûãڵҰһ㰧
лŴսƽȵĽпr֮ãЩ֮У֮󣬽еrħʳԻָ
˵ţлת߻ظ̨
˶ʶס˺һһ
ĽУĪǽƺʱͻָ
ڤûʲôͬ
Ѫתͷȥд˼ֵЦѽѽλپǸԭ򰡡ýգϴrĲǰȻͲ֪᲻Ҳô̡
ħ˵Цˡ
ħĻָɫЦôأȻϻҲħˣɫƽⶫĸҲᡣ
ŶѪƺѣ˵ͷֻꡭҲһء
˵䣬ֹѾȥȥ̧ݣ𽹬Ҳϵڤߣʼڤӽ̧
лƽߵߣűѪ˸񣺡ȥ¹
ȥɡ
Ѫ˻֣תѪƺʲôͻȻס
סӣѪѣɱ˰̣۰
ԣЩ׶Է˼뵽·ݣ룬лħѡ
˵꣬תȥ
лʶȥȴ·ʲôûһ㣬߼
лŶһ٣Ƭ̣Ÿȥ
Ѫɴһɢȣ૳֡
ѹݡ
ֹԺ䣬¹

ֹסüͷ
̣
̲ס΢΢ۣƬ̣Ϣſڣ
˿ڷ磬һۣڷſ
лŸ󣬷Ըһҡ
˵ţȹƺʮּиȥ
ȽУͿϣƺʮԱλɽʿֱֹʹ̣
һ㼱̣Ҫʲôȥңл㣬УѦӵȥѦӵ
ݴϢţˣҲˡ
̡
ۿ㡭㲻Ҫ˵ҡһҪչ㡣Ѿûʦʦʦ㣬û壬̡
ʵòɾӣݿǰŮӣɫƣ
һŲģûеӡ
еӣǣұ㶼ˡ
ʮĻڣʣֿ־塣
ϻѾһȾգһ
ֻǣʲô취
Ҳֻĸмʵ⡣
Ҳò˵ãлĴΪغϻй£Ҳмϣ
Īˡ
̾˿Ļ֣ȫºͣҶ̫һֱ˵ãҲţҲ֪Ϲۣôºأ
òãҡͷЩͺˡ
㵱ҲǺܺõģȰţͬӣֱ⣬лŰźϻҲˡ
̡
ֻǣֹʣµˣ֪ô졣
ݿ˿Աλɽʿǵȥﶼ޷µӡ
ģֹ̳µӣǶտá
𽹬ǲŹǡҡҡͷϻ£𽹬ôģҶϻԭϽڣ³˰ڹ΢ڣ𽹬ͶǣзϽˣϻô˲ã
ἰ£ߺ֮ɫ
ݿһۣĿĴﵽ̾˿ʾŵֹҲֻб𽹬̲ˡ
̣ţݵ˼̧ͷһᣬĿᶨҪʲô
ݿŻףȴ¶ֲ̣̲¡
ɫᶨ̣𽹬ϻҶǵãҾŲϻ󳾡Ҽ޸лţһĵġңѾ޸롭
⻰һԱ߹̽һۣݱץס˵Ŀɵ棿
档ͷĿУ̣Ҫʲô˵
Ǿͺáݲ԰׵ϴ˼ϲɫŻ濪ڣӦңϱסֹһһҪߣ
һ٣ݼԥɵץֱۣɱ尡ôºڤ/ɱҶֶһҵ𣿣
֪ƺЩңɡһϻҪ𽹬ϡ
ĸأĸǶɽڣлҲǣ𵤺֮ǻ񣬼ֹλɽ٣ħģ¡
ڿֻҪӦһסֹ֮һλ󽻻͸ħţֹ֮λ㡣ڼ䣬ֹķϻãһֻһ·
̡

˵ţһѪŻ˳ץŻӦңͰϵĺӵĺӣ壬Ӧң
ããҶӦһᱣסֹݣǻˣתͷ̣ż죬ʹ˵ˣ
ȸ
˵ţѪǴһȷ֮ڷһƺû
ϽסԱ߹̽еĽԪӤѾrаȫֻǵ֧š
֪ԼѾߵͷ㿿ŻͬһһԸź¡
һдϣڻЩƣߵһ̣û뵽ǻ
һ̣ʲôԸ룬ؾ˸Ƶͷ
ҪǵȢ˻ͺˡ
ҲϲŮӡ
뵽ͷа֣۾оԼҲǸͨˣʧȥΨһİӣֻһŮˣΪԼա
ܱκһڴ˿̶ԵޱȣǶȥɡ
ͷ˴һۡ
⻰׷˳ȥ
ȷ䰲ݿڻУ˵˵ɣôʶģ
ݵĻ˵
ݾţĿ¶ֺڣҶ̫ˡϣȥҲҵϾҴСٮٮߣôһӡǴΪҶûʲô顭
Ҷ֪㰮
Ҳ֪𣿡
֪ġ
Ȼ뵽ӺԼһδִݱ֪ƭԼ
оţص£ʦߵʱҲ𣿡
ǵġ
ЦЦƽסݵ֣º͵ߵúʹࡣ
ʹࣿ
ףȻûзӦͱ͵ס죬ڻС

rа͵عᴩ壬ըΪʹס죬ƽŶУ˵ˣʦûĸס
ءʹ֮о켫ˣѪҺٶ̲ס˵Щܺ˵ʹࡣ
ߵʱ򣬽𵤱ʣΪˣۣ˵
̣ŵݣϱʮֿϻлл㣬лл˴߷ţлл߻һУлл裬Ҳлл壬ҵĺΪ𣬡ݶߣһܡ
壬ѹɱģֻûֶѡ
⻰͵ؼȻ㶯Ի̫΢
аŰڣʹı飬̲סЦ
ᣬЦȴʮֳ졣
ƴȥץþȫĶԵø΢
İɣֻǿʼ
оϢЩĿУһϢ
ˣûһһŹģᣬǶǵġ
˵ţСȥûϢ
Ѿ͸㽫Żشϣ洦ۼȷϻɢ󣬲ſڴߣ͵˻̡


69 
һ, ̽лŵ̳˽
˶ڵϣſڴϣ͵ʹޡ
̽ǰȥ鿴, ȷѾ, Ҳۿ, ҧҧ, ֻȻغϻԷϢɣҪΪٰˡ
Ұ
û˵꣬ƺʶʲôͷлţлžվһԣĿдӡ
״˿, ϾлŲǷ, һιӣл١ֹ̱л, ڴʱּ϶
񣬵Ȱ裺, 㻹ͬپȻȥϢ֪ͨ
á
, ס, лǰȥ, һֻ, , , ȥ
лŵ΢΢, лŲ̧һۡ
Żһֱ߻غϻԷȽСԺлŽϢſȴԾûзɾ裬űʹ̬
鱱ѵȺԺУվϼˣ
ȥˡ
ӣǰˣ̧ͷһȦˣʾŵ¹𽹬й£ʱֹһְѪѡһӣΪԭֹԴϻ
Ǻܲ㣿
ϵɴۣ𽹬ɽ٣滯ԪӤô࣬ôǣǺҪӣ
ϡ
ϵĻ鱱סĿ
ϵû͵͡ŶһЩʧ䰲ȥ
鱱תͷҽϢͻعУȥħǱΰš
ͷƺǸոճ˼ĴԸϣҲţȥֹǱտһ£Ҫ¹ߵòġ
֪ˡ
Ƴ̾˿ˣȻȥϢȥ°ɡ
˵ţлŲȥ
˽˷䣬ʱվֱӣϱ䵭лаֳߣ˹ᡣ
лžһųõrʱѾýˣ
š
ӦԼˮһƽգûûᷢʲôֻ֪ҪʼħѪǸڱѺۣҵĻᡣҪľ㹻ǿǻɱ֮󣬸һ
ڵֵʱ𣿡
ˣһڱˮˣ𽹬׹ںҲûˣʣµŶǽͷݣõֹԴֹɽʿںϻĴϣ𽹬Ҳõˡ
лû˵̧ۿԸȴϢɣ֮¹ƻûꡣڤôҲǸɽڣһȥôҪϢһ°ɣ
лվŲȥȥ˯һձ̫
ĽĽ֮rħ֮磬ĽһֽΪӡrҿr壬޶ԡ
лŻڣ˶٣ڽͽ̨֮¡
ͣعŵͷŶס
ңҲ˵ñ콣ڵݣҪ׽ڤվҪΪУаʱ䲻ʲôֹҲһ
㾹뵽һ㣬ЦЩˡ
лſЦûг
룬£ֵ㲻ϢϢҵ˯ˡ
˵ţЬ˴
ʵҲ˯ţ˿̲κ˵
ɱݴϲ֮Īһ˵ĿУããȻأġ
лվһߵߣж´ʣߡ
һ˲ӱס
ůϮлŵɣ
⻰ע⣬һƬߵãȻϻû뵽ʱ£̲סЦлţûˣ
лŲ˵Цڲž̳ѪҺеĲɢ֡
ѸĲ±ֻǼһ̣Żãʵӵ
Ψһܸİ취ҲΨһｹֵ̿ʱ̡
ڴˣʳ֪ζ޲ҹҹʱʱ̣̿ñ˰
Ĳֻ̬Ǿӵȥȡǵ΢ů⣬Լƽ
ôһţһʱֱĸоڻ谵Ĺ￴ŴϷĻƣо͸¶ʣ̲סȥڣлţ֮磬һʲôо
˵ţЩãȻʦǧһֱ£ҲΪʦͬű˳ǸʱӦúܸ˰ɣ
ûСлվڻԭĽƽѪǽ壬Ҳ֪κаħϢʱľ
ʱûиˣûмЩãȻ
֪ȥҲ֪ǰ·ôƬ̣̫ףΪʲôԼ
ννƫԾ֮ʦ֮аħͬš
ϸŵʱڿڣʱ㡣
⻰ͷ񣬶Է˵һ̣ٻ콣ڵĻ档
ͻȻһҹҹǹܺã˯˯ˣùβͲĴҡ
Ȼأ
﷭˵Ĺ֪ȷ¡
лű۾˼ЦҲ㣬װ˯ˣΪͻᰲ㷢˯ˣ͵͵
˵ͻȻԼǻصǰڲݵϣͷ
Ŀʹ࣬ƽеƶݽߡ
ʱЩţʵ־ЩˣҲ֪ò۾
û˵꣬͸оһ˫Ĵӭ
лûۣо֣§סĲӣ룬һƬѩأڱѩӵס
Ǹӵǣµʱ⣬ʱһСģ
ӰУϣӵǰ
̺лû̧ͷ˫ֳ֧ˣһС
㹻ˡ
ϸԼ
ţߣⲻһʼ
̲ס̧ͷĿڱ̺ϣãԼŲĿ⣬Ķͷ£һƿʶ
ԪӤ˫޴ڶϣ̲ס
ʱħУŴڤݴֹֹͬ𣿡
¹Ѿȥˣֹ£ͬ񣬶˿ħ˼
طҸվ䣬̸ɫȴ̸Ϲ
꿴ŻסĺϻԷķЦ֮ǰѾͬ˵ˣһְҪ
Ϳˡ
طҴ˼ֲм𵤰飬ǹֹܲ¡
ܵ˹ܲˣⶼݶµģתͷطңعȰȥȰȰ˵أ
طҲ˵Ƭ̣껺ɣڤӮݣ˵ݴֹһְҲ˳£ǰָ˻ΪҲ˳磬д˼Ц
طҵûħԸ
ȥٰ£عɡ
ǡ
طҵҲûжʲôתͷȥ
ڴڣתӣƬ̺룬ȥ
þòأƣ㲻˵籾㣿
⻰ȥûһƱħ
ͷһλػôİ
Щµˣħ£֪ħԴкҪ£
ƽѪţ䵭Цⲻ
ʲô£ǽΪڤ칦磬Σ
⻰ĬһƬ̺¹ȥΪڤ칦֪ħǴʲô
ֶһλɽʿԽɱǰֵ𣿡
ѪЦعӦء
⻰˱Ѫ˼طңǱȻ¹ֹ
Ȼд˼Ц½ħš
ãǾô¡
ǡ
УѪƺͻȻʲôд˼־棬´ҵȣұ㲻ˡ
Ƣã֪ġ
ĬƬ̺Ӧ֪ˣ´Ρ
ԡ
˵꣬ħж˴
ƣתͷлƽעؿڰ̺ۣһԲ
룬̾˿ֱסҾ֪¶ûꡣ
˵ţͷӴϽɣй磬׼׼
лŲ˵ƺʲô
Щ֣ͷô˵
ѪڴϣͻأǲǴԱʾˣ
⻰ѻʵһ㶣Ƭ̣˵ʲô˵ͷǣóģǿܻǷֽķ/

лĿؿڰ̺ϣ˼š
Ŀ⣬ֽ̧·ϣȻЩ֣ҡҡͷʵ֪ͨҲ
лŲʻͻȻʲô㲻Ǵɱɣ
ɱˡ
л侲ڣǿ
˿֪лŻͷˡ
ͿӴ˼߽ҡ
ȥ֮󣬻ͻȻʶһ⡪
ô֪Ѫǿģ


70 
л׼ʱ, طͬС
ҽݵ̯ӣӲѡ
طҶűӣɫ䵭, ħ湶Ӳдô, Ҷ˷ʱ䣬ȻǵñQǰɱ˾ˡ
лһֱվһ, ΢΢ü, ǲ̫֡
ǾͰ˷ֿط̧, ¶𣿡
, лźħ
ħԹ˲Ͼ, лţطЦһܿϻrȥ, Ӱˣѻɱ, ָ¾ˡ
, ֣˭ȥأ
üͷ΢塣
Ȼ𵤰飬ϾǸʿ, ѰʿǺɱ, ɱʱ̫, лŸ˹, 鷳ˡ
Դ˷ɳһ, ңעҪлɱ˵ĸ֡
һʱûкʵѡطЩ֣΢΢üɵôڤ˭ѵҪ𽹬Լˣ
һ㶣ʶڻлŽĥ
㲻طЩ޻󷨣ʳΪóлŽɵϳˣлкôѽʳԼϣڤȥֻҪɱ˻ʲôǶԸ
֡
ԣ΢٣Ƭ̺΢΢ǡ
չֻһʲôÿϧ
Ͻȥɡ
طҰ˰֣֮ǰҪ׼׵
Ӧ£ˣ˷䣬ԸҪ֮󣬼ԡȥڤ
һ䣬ҩζڤװҩԡ֮УϢ̧ۡ
߽䣬˰˰֣񣬰˳Уϴš
ڤϢţƺܼʹ࣬Ŀⶼϣ۶Ųƺֻһˡ
ϣֳ̧ͷ˿ٴ¡
һŴȱһذ׳оǹ̳ϵڤ󾲾Цô
˵ţڤ󿪿ڣ±ش𣺡Ľ⼫ΪԵrħУضۡ
ôʣڤɳƳڤͲˡ
⻰ЦȻrħ֪³𣿡
֪ڤѿڣɥʧΪrϡ
㻹ңĿ΢䣬ôʿдѱǾȻ˭rħˣ
Ӯ
ҲǸ𣿣ȳܣ
Ӯ
ڤظ£ҲӮ
⻰һ㶣ŵģڤӮһԸ
ֻû뵽ȻַʽӮ
ʶ˼Цͬծˣ
ڤ˵ʶĦָףǰ꣬˵ɣҪʲô
겻ԣԡͰ
ȫڶԼΪʹ࣬ȴǳԼԡͰϵĵ̺һһ
úܸߴ󣬺͵һμǸкȻͬ
оǸǰĺӡ
ʱŹŢеƴ˫סȹӣҡ
ʱŵңպҵġ
ȤֻǸոҸеˣŲĿ⣬һ
ңֻʮͣҲһۿԷǣ˽ǲãԺ󣬸Խ
һȣû뵽Ĺ̷ôꡣ
ûһˣʵ£˳Գ
ߵǰǰ
ͷŸ·ϣֳһֳԵı飬
Ҫʲô
䵭ڤû˵ֻǿȻ֣һֻŵĽűϡ
һ㶣ڤĽűһȡЬ࣬һ̽ȹڣ˳Сϸȥ
ͷ´ڤɳƳӣô
㡭
͵طӦʶڤȴһסĽš
ϵͷϹ㡣
ӣӦҵġ
ϢţӮˡ
ڤ󡭡
һ˶ã֪ȣһ·ϡ
ҿ£ҿΪȥʲôԣֻԸ
⻰ЦҪŮˣ˵ˡ
ڤһ٣ͷע£ֻҪӡ
Ҫ
ѹϰ𣿡
Ҫʲô
ڤѯʣ²˵ǰȫûа۾ð죬ų˽磬ɱ˻лŻɱ㡣
á
ڤɣ̲סһΣ
֪
˶ţڤ룬мֵģֻźˣٲΪЧˡ
²˵̲סȭͷ
ã۾һ
ȻϸǾȥ
˵ţۣȫһ̬ȣӿϵȥ˳
ڤ°һĽֺ°ͣź𣿡
ڤ˶ڶͷɳƻӦԸΪЧ͡
һֱҹ±ʱϣӵ
˴ϢţоŶԷ¶ȡ
Щ㱣ڤѣӣ˸ȡˡ
û˵ֻǱ
Ľնɱrħţʮպڤһ·
ȡ֮󣬶Ϊ棬ڤɱҲаգֻǣպضᱻrħɣΪrϡ

ǳΪrϣлΪ˻
طҲԸ𽹬κһλȥɱΪڤ𽹬֣һһʿ
ǸΪǿطҲá
Ҫá
ƾʲô
ĹˣȥһôĶɽڵĹ
ңĹƾʲôҪ˾
лŲܣطҲܣ˭ܣ
ͷԺ˾
Ҳȡ
µͷڤ°̧ͣͷһ̣Žѻɱˡ
ڤãȻһ̧֣ԱǬзɳһŴ;ᣬݵڤУɱ˻üͰԪӤڳˣȻߣʮ죬rħγˡ
Ȼأ
ߣл뿪֮ǰ֡
ȥ
ﶼУ¿žͺá
ڤû˵£һ˲֮䣬ʲôЦ
ӣĿд˼һţһԸ𣿡
ʲô
Ŀ䣬ڤ濪ڣȢ㡣
Ţ
߸ϣ
⻰붼룬Ҫ˵˵ڡ
¶þã͵̧֣ݺϡ
ȻҲûֻܾ˵
ڤЦҡ
һϴ壬ڤ̷ۣ
ᣬһͷһ¶ô
Ǻһ»ޣעӣΪͷȻǬȡһķ˿
ʲô
ȫ
Լڤλã̧ͷͭÿ𣿡
˷ʱ䡣
վתȥ
ڤ֮ǰѾźýһУħͰ𽹬ˣϯ˰ѻȥڤǰƫطһ¸лŸ֪ķȻδЧ
˳Ļȡ߻飬һǸˡ
ŽҹİţڤϹȣһ·һŮǰ񣬵
˴ƫš
ָһڤ󣺡һš
ǡ
Ů̧ͷڤ󣺡ڤū澹
ڤͷŹŮǰ
¿ıӰ룬ת뿪ڤͻȻʲôһ¡
һ㶣ڤһν֣㶿ڤ󣬾ͿԷ԰ϣ¶Ц⣺ҾͽнУûй֣
²˵ڤתͷȥָֻƽ䵭ͬŮ߰ɡ
ڤȵƫ°źһУᲽ
ʱ򣬻Ҳոϴϣлһ֮С
˴ӹһڣЦſһۣɰ
⻰ҲЦ
ڤأ
һɫ̧лţĸ»Ϣ
rϾаָҲΪڤãɲҪǺޡ
Ȼ
ֻϯɡ
һ߽λñħ·ҲߣطҲšħλɴ֮󣬵ֵǣɴӡ
Ůǰ·лŹϾħ˵ϾΪĽԶӦλϾūߡ
ȵȡ
⻰̧¹Ůҵپλأ
ⶼħŵġ
ŮҶ˵ֻñѪͷѹ
üͷһлתͷͬһͿˡ
룬׽Żʲô£ֹ̧ãȥȾƾǡ
лŶһ٣ǲϲסߣͬȥ㲻ô·ˣͷŮһۣҴȥ
˵ţлţߴߣһһ˸磬ǿ϶Ҫʲôֿҡ
лתգգۣ㲻ԱߣҶûˡ
⻰лųƬ̣ڴҪ¡
İɡ
лɿڣɴλãҿԱˣͷһ£˵úħˡ
˵ţɴԼλá
лԭأƬ̣ϯ˸ߺħоܱ䶯תȥͼλɳתһΡ
Űߣźɫ»ƽߣһȣЦлſ˹
Ͼ
Ѫлŵ˵ͷк
лſƬ̺Ӧһħ
ϯɡ
Ѫ˵ţתͷȥˣ˵磬ǹֳһλɽʿڤڤɽ٣ҳǶɽپ磬ܻɱ¹ʵӢţλѪٱҵΪڤһ
⻰
ѪƢŹ֣ΪأҲֻ֡Ȼ޵ֶΣԼȡԼ֮˵ΪȻٻrħΪۻɱˣֶΣڴڶԣվǲ̨棬˼νжԼ뷨
ѪˣЦôⱭƣҲ𣿡
ħ濪ڣ̧ۿɴˣɫ䵭ڤͬУһΪԼɽ٣֮ٻrħɱ¹£ħ޷𣿡
ǿʳﾺ񣬡ѪЩɻ󣬡кβף
⻰ɫ΢䣬ܱ˶һۣ״޻תء
ѪһȦ˲±ӣôһ˵ʵҪ£Ҫλ̡¹ڣҲûʲôʵļ̳ˣֹ֮λôţѡħĹأ˭Ӯˣ˭ܵħڤӮݣ˵ֹӦ
ħ˵ǡ
طţ޳ɳڤ֮ǰһں͹һԴٵڤҲо飬硭
ֻǡ
Ѫطңתͷ¹֮ǰ֪ϣδһְ֪Σ
⻰ɫ죬̽𶼽
طЦһ濴¹ȥ־壬𵤰飬ǵˡ
¹УԹطҵ񣬿ɴħҴǡ
¿ڣϴЦǹУҪҪٿǿǣ
ĸ˵תͷ£ĸ˵ˣպֺϻһֹ֮λһλ̳ˣȵʱµԻὫ֮λ黹
ˣ΢䡣
Цǣ˵û𣿡
ȻˣǱôɡ
Ѫɴ֮󣬶ЦųٱǱף˳
лħ
ӣЦźͱѪ¡
ˣѪһƣ˵ձϾǹ磬þûô֣ҸһЩҹգɢ˰ɡ´ټҲ֪ڲˡΪҵһ磬ɱ
˵ţ˲ƾܣ׷׾ٱ
𣬸Ůʱ
ڸߴɢɢͬ¾ơ
лźͱѪɴ֮˳ĬһѪתͷлţϾԶҾϾһɣ
лԣתͷȥ룬ͷٱͬòٱһ
ѪƣĵʵûһͬϾһȾơϾ˵Ľһפ֮磬ɽҲ֪ϾΪǧﱼ
ܺá
лֻ˵ôһ䣬Ѫ˿ھƣֻϾŻº⡣
š
ǣѪЩɻ󣬡֮ǰ£Ͼ𣿡
лԣ΢١
ʱиŮǰơ
Ůһ˴ƾˤ˻ϡ
ŮǸҪ˵ʲôб㱻˸
һ٣Ƭ̺󣬱վͬŮ뿪
Ż뿪ıӰѪЦϾӦ֪̫ƽ
Ҳ֪
л䵭ȾƣѪȴƺ˼˵ţֹ̯ӣطҲŹҪڣǲ֡˵ǻʲôƭȥ
лûӦѪ˼ţͨɿ϶ϾıϡΨһԥߡֲ֪ģֻһ¡
˵ţѪлţЦϾ֪


71 
ݳ
лƽ, Ѫһ㶣ЦԭϾ֪
֪
ϾĿѪ, ΪһôѾĻϾҲ⣿
, ԸˣԷ¡
ֻ
Ѫд˼ֳŪ, л̧Ѫƣ˵, ݳͰҾ̲סŮɽֻˣɣ
Ѫ˵, лŵ, лŶ, Ѫ·ûɫ, ˵ţûǴ, ֻ˺ǽ, ŮɽǸŮҲ÷ˣŮϲһ, ҰѪֳ, һݸ, ʲôԸ, ˵Ůһ, ǺЦ
ݳʲôϵ
㲻Ǻ𣿡Ѫ̧, л, Ͼ, ô, βϰ˿ɲࡣ
ͬΪһŮˣͬԱδ֪֮ʱͬβϰ
ǸŮˣͬһˣͬΪһ˲
ذܡ
лš
󣬽˵ȴǡܲ
ŮɽλŮͷβϲԱûеˡ
ֻϲˣһֻԱûеˡ
ѪãమβϰǼΪ̵Ŀ̣ڰϵ˫ȣʱʱ̶ܾ̿޴ʹࡣԱûУ޷ȷԼǰĸ顣Ƶܣͬɶ˻ϣΪҰԷܣΪں˺ܡ
ݳһʼѾ
лǿǲͬ
һʼϲݳǾû֮лʲô¡
غΪϰܿ࣬ɻȴûǡ
ȻѪ⻰ȴЩЦ˭ݳһʼģ
лŶһ٣ѪͷŪоƱ˺˴ϰﱻġʱǸӣںϻĺˮţһ
˵ݳʱˣ˺ü꣬һʼûûչ˰չ˾ˣͲԸˡɰãݳϾ˻壬ںһӣݳͻ˶뺣ݳȥ죬ںվһҹ뿪һתݳ
ʮʱݳβϰ
峿뺣Ĵɳ̲ڿĺ棬壬һһӺˮ߳
Ů㶿Ჽ꣬һ仰˵
ûһ𡣡
лѣѪ˵ͷƺǸӣ˼أȷǺػЩͬ
ô˵ѪһתȴѣݳΨһڻˣûûиңͷβģڰ
л̧ۣͿѪͬлϾͬ
лűѪ˵ŻʱһƬŹŮߵƫ
λҪңôأ
ܱԽԽ˰컹ͷ̲סôزأǼˣ
ԵȣŮ͵ˡ
˵ţһߵƫУŮūиˡ
ȻŮϴţת˳ȥ
ƫƶû㣬ܱܲϸ㷢Ӧһ
ϻǰʧ޵ȥЩưܣϷ¹͸ƬŮӳյø졣
֪ܱ߽編
طԲý㣬һڵϣ˲䣬ͽǬʳ˸ɾ
ʳΪף֮Ҳѡ
ǽ𵤰ķ㹻һͨʿɱ
ֻ𽹬ĲͨʿڰվһO@֮СֽϢӰĵɡ
㲻ô
ڤ˷Цʲô
䣬һֽƬ͵ر󣬱һʿһԾ͵˹
һ㣬ʿ׷ֽܱƬΣһŻڸֵ֮䣬Ӧڤλá
ڷ޶ԣζӽתɷ޵ʿϾԷʩ֮ʱܸöԶжԶ
ֻڤ˷лŷ֣Ȼط½֮ڡ
Ӧڤλãûжֻ֣һζֽƬɵĺʿЦͲ±лɱˣ
ν
ڤ󵭵˿ľͺá
˵һ˲䣬ӵ͵ڶڤƺѾᷳ˺׷ҴͺʿһΧ죬ֱνһ£㱻ʿΧ˽֮С
һִ˷ʿ޿ײϮ
΢΢򰵴һ򣬵ૣҵˡ
˵գϳ͵һתɨʿ˲룬һ·漴ڤӦŰ͵һ£͵ؿһʿϡ
һԷ壬ԣֻʿһ̲࣬˳ĳһϣ͵Ϯ
һ͵غȥһϮŻźĳһ󷨹ݺݳײһ
ɽڵǵأǣƿ⣬Ǻݺһ
һ͵ײطҽ֮ϣ絴ƣڤЩ𾪣Ȼ
ΪŽٴѰŰˣҵĽ𵤣ỵһ𣿡
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ԣжʧڤղһվ
ΪʲôĲ
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˵գ˷һͻ첻ڶܱ涼һƬ죡
ܼ޷ܣֻһýն·⣬һֵֿ
ȻԷ·ǲƣһ㣬಻ϣûһ֧
ԣʿĹƵʣڤǶɽڡ
侲뵽һֿܣ˲󣬽ƾ⣬ȻͬʱԲЩķ⣬Сȥ
ЩͬйأЩĹ켣
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͵طӦܱ߿ĲʵǾܱ߶ͬһľóᱻգϣڤռ䣬ھ֮⡣
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Ȼ֪ǾƽⷽҲѣ򵥵İ취һ澵ʹһ澵ɵޣֱ
ܳصޣǲ֮˵ޡ
Ҳ룬˲䱩ǣڳ֮ϣһ߸Ծ͵ȥ
֮ǿ֮ֻǿ޲ɴݣ޲ʤ
һ£ڤɫܱһ·й˽ȥ
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ǿ
ڤ亹ȷ֪ǰ˵Ľһѹ˵ơ
лŵĽѹڡrĴڣ۵˶ڳ鴤ĽѹǰǰлܵУ¸߳һ󾳽磬ҲԼоơ
䡣
ڤҧأ뵽£뵽ȥݡ
ݶɱˣôһ
ӮӮ
κδۣκֶΣӮ
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Ŀһݣôǿִֵ֪ܵҲټ֣зӡһʶ֮Уŵrܵٻг
̼䣬ϺڤҪŨܣͬһֻޣڤ͵ȥڤں֮У
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䣬ͷء
ʱ洫˽Ų΢΢ۣоѪҺڵ궯ѹԼ۾
ʶڵrŬҪͻƺĽķӡȫӻĻ
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Ľ͵شʶеr飬ͬʱǿϱȥ˲佫ĺɢʶеrڱĽնһǺڰ
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лſ϶Ʊ磬Ѫ¶ɻֻģ
ģڰӻ鵱ҹǰдһrϢȡrµϢһֱûлrϡ
лŷţѪ°ͣתžƱ
ԡ״ʲôף
лŶѯʳѪЦңôȥأ
лŲԣѪܵͣ˵֮䣬ʵûοԣ
л̧ۣĿ⼫䡣
ѪЦĺܺ棬עʲô㣬Զᰮ㣬һ㶼𣿡
˵䣬ڴ룬һͷ˴Ӵ͵˽һ·ڵء
ͷ˲Ŵš
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á
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ҡ
Щл̧ͷ˿죬ֻǰȥٿ쵽ˡ
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лŵ˵ͷֻá
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õ̧̳ͷ˿죬٣
ǡ
ͷϽԸʦ㣬Ͻϵֹ̽𣬰˴غϻͬʱֹܾᵽϻеץ
ס
ħ飬鱱㱨
ͬιƹһץ䱸Ҷڼ䣬𽹬ĻᣬǲضһͬڵСġ
֪˵ˣæƸȻˡ
ͷǲŴСһ˵һƸȥ
Ƹ˺ϻɽ֮ȻԴǰȾ֮ûʿ
ƹ˽жɽõķ׼ãֻ·󣬵һ׼úȥֻʣлš
ŷ£վڷ֮Уתͷ㲻ߣ
㻤
лɫƽЦҵǷˡ
лŲ˵룬ߵǰס֣Щѿлţҡһ°ɡ
лӦá
һû˵ء
Цл̧Ŀ˵ʲôǡá
ţ˵ЩѣܴܲӦңҶɽٳɹ֮ǰΣһסϻ
лû̻д˼ֲ̧ۣлţ
ע
ǰ⣬ҲẦ¡
ΪûбѡҲûз
ɬӿͷЩܣ´βҪ⡣
֪ˣ֪æģֱס˲䣬Ҿ
лŲԣֱס͵ͳԲ𡣡
һ٣Ƭ̺ȳҲͬ˵ȥ׼ˡ
˵ţſתߵм䡣
ǰŮӣһֱЦֺãϲ쳣侲۵ס
ƶˣ׽͸Ҳ
ԽˣԽ֪ǰرһ·׷桢١
עѪĻԺ
ֻϲˣһֻԱûеˡ
ûûиңͷβģڰϾͬ
עʲô㣬Զᰮ㣬һ㶼𣿡

ǰŮӻ۾̲ס΢΢ָ⣬̲ס
׼붨⻰ɻۣţ
꣬лżѿڣд˼ֲϲлţ𣿡
û뵽⣬Ƭ̣ȷӦʲôЦ
š
ûзϣºͣ꣬ϲлš
⻰л궯˸ƽĿƽͣǰˣֻ붨ɡ
ûжʣ۾תʼ
лſԴԴϹ뻨壬̧һӣĽɳ⣬һĽɽػϷ
ϯضǰŮӡ
ϲлš
Ǿ㹻ˡ


72 
ںϻϷʱ, 𽹬ڣվڿյĴУһԲ
ǰʯ̨˯һ, Էڸ̨ϣȱ屻ƴԱϸϸʬ壬һŮӹ࣬Ŷ£ū澵ʱ, ǿһֿһɸŨĺūΪ΢ͣ, Զ֮ûãͿšš
ڤͷ˳
Ļû˵ĿһվԱɫƽ¡
Ļ, 䵭ڣ˵ɺ
ǡ
˵ţ̨ʬʬʿҲ˽תͷ¹ڤûжۼȷڻ¡
ⲻ, ΢΢üôǿ
½, ڤҲǶɽʿ, ˲һ󾳽硣
Ҫ, ڤлšrĴ, ݶɱ, ôɱ˻
еġrأѯʡ
ʬʿҡͷڤвrħۼ
⻰һ㶣üͷĽնɱģ
Ӧǣʬʿʵش𣬡Ľ⣬ƻӦøأҡЩ̫ɾˣǡrԼ뿪ġ
лĽնɱġrrԼ뿪ֻһܡ
rˡ
rrֳһ֣⼳ȡԹr飬r鱾֣Ȼع鱾塣
r顭
ʯ䣬͵ðһͷ
rڻ
ͷ˲䣬ɻӭж⡣
ΪʲôɱڤΪڤǻļƷ
rڻҲζţǽս𵤻ָеҰġ
һʼȥʱѾʼıˡ
r飬ݣɱ޻ڤ׹ڣһֱʡ
Ϊ˽գ˳ӹֹ
r飬ֲɽ٣ں׹𽹬ұ֮󣬼лźֹԴϻ˺𽹬ʵ
ڣһɽ٣Զ𽹬ʵ
Ͼ
һδڻµĳجΰϯȭͷ΢΢
ԸȥǸϾֻ˸ͷ
rڻлţ֪
֪ܲ
жϡ
޸˫޽Լǰغr顣
һΪڤr飬лΪˣô֪ܲ
л֪ȴβܡ
±۾̲סЦ
һĽһſף
õúܣڤ㾹ȻС
õúܣ

ѵӴ⴫»۾תͷɵá
ͬĸΪãȴӲѽ㡱
ͬһ𽹬У
¿񣺡顣
á
תŴȥĿⲻͷֻϣֻԲ𽹬գ࣬·䣬ɫ·Ϊĳ˷ɥ
Ŀ⣬Цſʲô
񡣡
Ѹ˵Լڿʲô̵ͷȻ䣬Ǹоεһݺݳϡ
Ҫ´Ρ
µ棬Ჽ˳ȥ
վԭأĬƬ̺վֹƽЦݣƽѪɫת˳ȥ
һϻ֮УطڸߴʹҲѵȴ߽Ÿߴط񣺡ס
Ҫɽ٣طûӣֱڣĻᡣ
Ǹԥʲô¿طҳɣ侲ѯʡ
ط˼ţþãżѳϣûնԸлš
˵ţ˶Щ졣
طħ֮µĵһ֣ط˵ûգаա
¹𴽣ûа֮⣺׶ûк֣ô֪лŵĶ֣
ʱԹطʵشΪǣȻֻٶ꣬ȷΪңĽһûһһɰգɵһ˹콣һţ˵ʵ
طû˵ȥڳţΪġ
ʵ޵ɽ٣Ҷף˼һʹϻ𽹬ϾλɽʿлҲóȻǶ֡һħǸħҵȹϵҲǲɡ
ϳ˷׷Ӧ͡
ԽǸ߽Խϧʮգ˭óȻ֡
ط˼ţҲд˿ǡ
ף⻰ЦôǣʹԸ𣿡
⻰طҶһ٣̧ͷ£ʲô˼
ǰʲôѣ𣿡
⻰һɫ΢䡣
룬ɣҲδ֪
r¿żɽлҲ֪
ʲô
ط𾪳˶һ
վϢȭͷЩ亹
Ƭ̺طҴȳѣô£
²֪
ԣ̹ڵأ¡þʱrѾȡˣⲻǻ
̧ͷãȻֻǸˣлֺ˷ޣлΪ콣ڵӣĽôܷr飿
ˣ
Цˣ޸𵤱ֱɽ٣r飬ɱ塢׹ڡΪֹιġˡ
ҧˡˡ֣ƽӹˣǰˣǻôɽ٣ôߵգ治֪ΪĻߵգŹǣ
⻰һɫЩѿ
ӱѪѪϴλмɽ٣
ʢϻҲȾաλڣǶ֣𽹬Ͷλɽ٣Щɽôģб˭
֪£Ǻͻ֮䣬ǲݡ
лšϻЩǡ
콣ڡ
֪ʲôϣ侲r֮£лܷŹ콣ڲܡɽڵ׽٣һգ£ҽҹϵ콣ڣ콣ֹлţ׽rϢųȥֻ̳Ҫл֣΢䣬ܰѻȾձƳɷˣҲɱ
ûг»⣬ѣлһܲóδ֪ĽΪһ˽ģrϢȥлţǵл𣿡
⻰Զ
ط룬һ̧һķ֣¾ã£ϵ콣ڡѣϣ˳ˣҹӣ׼ۣʱ
Ҫ߶󷨽գϻؽûн󷨣ۣǰԵִϻ
ǵϻʱ콣ڡԼҲǴ𸴡
ط¾վ˷ȥ׼ɡ
˵û׷Ӧǡ
˵꣬뿪طҲ漴뿪תǰȥ׼
оʣʹλϣ㿴ңҿ㡣
һѳţʵҲδ֪
̧򴽣rҲãħҲãǣͼȥڤˣҲЩ侲
û˵̾˿ˣȥˣ𽹬λɽ٣ܲӮһлšʹλϣúñأ𽹬˵ζɽ
⻰˵꣬ѱ亹ͷת˳ȥ
ڳ˻һһԲú̾˿ʱҲҲ߰ɡ
¾Կʼ׼
»صУ÷ʼϵ콣ڡ
ȥ֮󣬲㴫ûһŮ콣ŵˡ
µͷߵ䣬ͿվһӰ콣
£Ϊɻ󣺡𽹬
μ棬Ц΢΢񣬡Ŵ
ǧѶ֪кҪ£
µ˼֪ô뷽跨ҵԲС¡
¹ǣȴֻʣѯ콣йrһ¡
⻰֣ܿ췴Ӧ̽ѯʣ콣Ͼ̽£ϵ콣ڣβֱ⣿
ŵԭˡ
˵ţ¶ɻ󣺡rӻУ£콣֪𣿡
⻰
¼ɫ֪˴𰸣ѯʣϾΪ˻ɱ׹ڸ׹콣ǽ𣬴£콣֪𣿡
أ
еģû֤ݣҲò²⣬´ƽֻͣ콣ĽϾƺˣͬɱֹٹ壬޻ڣ䣬rΪڤɱֹݡ׮׮ôƺĽһӦеӣ֪콣ڶԴˣǷ˽⣿
ԣңʲô
µĻû̻Ӧշɫ䵭
Űæ
µҲ⣬̧֣ɫ
r飬rȡɨΪħrɱаһƳӡᷴΪ´𽹬Ϊ֮ףܷδа»ףɽ٣ֹõʱ𽹬Ը㾡ȫһƬ콣ڴϾϾһ˽飬̧ۣһһ䣬˵üΪ棬


73 
⻰, Ĭԣĵ, л֪, , , иǡ
š

ǰӰɢ, 콣ڣ۾, ӽſǱʲôϢ
𽹬, ˵rڻɫδͬ˵¡
һ, ærǻͤһӡr
ҵĵĲǻ
תӣҵĵʲô֪
, ֻšܳ⡣
˵ܳ⣬, Ϊ, ˽⣿
ӳĬ, ̾˿߳ͷǹת
콵, ͤĽָʾռǲ, ȷλ, ǧȥҵĽͬ, ǽ, ֮壬飬κν׽ڣ
תͷӣĽõϰߣһ֮Ҳr֮һ硭
Ҳһ硣
һɷһħ
콣ǿ֮ûнʣ콣ԼҲΪ֮¡
ţ֪˵ûǼֿڣǳš
׽̵гϵлš
ң̧ͷɫ棬֮ѡˡ
ʦͬţӣԷӡrȲ֮ѡѡ
ţƬ̺̾˿ɡ
˵ţϷת۴콣ڷɳûһлűоʦٻ
ʱڼȡͷ
ϻֹλŽͬһ޽Ĵͷ
˿ʼææµµµƻͨ
ܵʦٻлƸ۾
ǰеĻϢƽȣתȷûʲôΪ½磬̧һĨǰӵӰ
лſɫƽ񣺡ţʦ塣
ţӿлţϴ˼ֵǣΣðɣ
кá
лʵ棺ڳɽ١
˵ˡ
лű˻Զֱӵҡ
лŶһ٣̧ۿ΢΢ü֪ңrڻд£
лû˵һĻ֪ӵ⡣
ʶϥͷĽһɫ֪˴𰸡
Ϊβ֪ʦţ֪r콣ͷҪ£ȻѾrڻΪβ˵
˵ˣлſֻʣǴʲô
⻰һ㶣лʳЩ˼飬Ƭ̺üͷĵȻǽr콣ڷӡʲô취

лż׷ʣһ˲˼룬ŵţǲҪԻϾɱӣŲ£԰ѻ콣ڣ֮翴أһ취
Ҳ˵
лŸ˴𰸣Ӻסֻʣ𣿣
Ҫ𡣡л侲ڣǰֽϻϾ·ϣ𵤰飬ѾţδҲܴ
rɣ
ܿ췴ӦΪһ֮˽аħ֮ţһr顢rħ֮ûԼɣųr飬ͿƵr𣿡

лſ϶
ס𣿡ֻʣrûУ
л˵лŵɫ׽лţֻʣţһգųr飬rݣΪһаħɱ޹ô죿
лŴԣһʣһһ⣬һգ֮䣬ѡһѡ
ˡл⻰ϥͷҺθɣ
⻰ۡ
׷н̵Գ֮Ϊ׼򣬽˼
лƽͣԣʦѪĽʱûͬаħʱûȰ裻Ծħ಻ȡѾɥһ֮磬Ի
л˵Ż̧ۣƽǰˣĿڵʣΪʲôҪЩ
άϵ֮𣡡
ڣҪ߳ȣȻлɫֻʣΪΣ
ţЩǰֻ꣬ʣ㣬𣿡
лҡͷֻֻң󡣡
Ե꣬ѡѡͬʦһӡr飬Ҳѡ
Ӷлţлϸ롣
˵һ̵ľ
ѡ
治ѡ
Ҳ֪һΡ
л΢٣ѡ
۳ħаúûţ󡣡
һأ
⻰һҪ㣬㣬ҪԸأֻˡ
ܡ
лŴ̧д˼졣
лŶ۵װסǿã⣬ԡ˵ˣл֣أлš
Ǿ͹ˡ
ͿԱһ㰮⣬Զ廳
ͷҲĽѡ
ţӹ۲״̬侲⵱룿
лŲԡ
üͷѣţⲻתǶ
ɡ
лɫƽⶼҵĵô
˵䣬䶯л̧ۣƸŵϻڻ
ϻһŮϣΪⰵ
׽ٺȻ£Ƹ֮ϣĽŷ׽٣Ƹ
ƸΪ׽޲漴洫ٽŲ콣ڵĴϾ𽹬ˣλɽڣ
⻰лƽת⡣
͵طӦţ
ʦţлűӣ侲ȥԺһٵӰȫ룬ڡպлΪ콣޸ɡ
˵꣬лᲽȥӺǰʧ𾪵˵
Ƭ̺͵طӦԣԣĽ֮ˣôܶҪ󣬡ԶᲽȥȥˣռ
ҵȥ
侲ڣ˼ţҪȥ֪ͨģ̧ۣ֮ʲô񳤼Ż콣ڵӣǾ͵ùĿųЩˡ
źú̧ٽ뿪
ԭƬ̣Щʹץץͷⶼʲô¶
лжϺ콣ڵϵ߳Ƹ
ĻЩϾ
ͳںϻжܡ
лɫƽȥȻɽٳɹһ뿪
Ͼ¶ɣƬ̣ŵΪΡ
ȥϢɡ
֪ҪʲôлŴչӣǲҪš
˵ţл̧һ٣뿪ֱš
¥ǰͿϻѾԶ𽹬ڸ߿գһӴ¡
طҴ¡ѡϳ˳ʹλϣԼҶ飬ҩѦȻ˸ڰգۿźϻˡ
ϻߣšȾաģİơã̽λֹɽ٣Լվڳ¥ϣΪſŲԶԽԽ𽹬ʿ
лŵɨһְۣվһ꣬Ųһ٣Ƭ̺΢΢üѦӵ
ѦӵһƬ̺֣̾ææġ
ڶ档
лѣѦӵӣﰡѦȻɡ
Ѧӵʼ磺ҩ޹ء
лŲ˵תͷ̽æǰϾ
лŵͷߵߣŻĽзڣĸס
ñôһЩϰߣһ˵ͷˡ
лš
лų֣طȿڣ˷콣޹أȥ
лŲ˵ƽطң·ǿһˣô
лţԱЦ㲻ΪԼǵһˣҲǡ̽ȻǶɽ٣ó֮ķޣﲻ̫࣬ϻһȺУһ뻤סǣи翹
У
⻰ЦʹǲУһ
˵գһ㣬ֱԾϸ߿գл˦ʼһ˦ī֭ڿ˲ûޣ͵ȥ
һ֣߳͵ذνԾһնһֻ˵ǰīޣתͷЦС²ʹɡ
䣬ѽ磬ź߾ͱ˹ȥ
һ֣鱱λϵҲŵԾ֮⣬һɱ֮󣬳ǰ𽹬ӿɱȥ
̽һһ˳ֵѣһ˱٣ȶ
ٵѺ࣬Ʈս޸սϺϻӵ˿ڡ
ԶѦȻ״˵һһ¯¯Ͷһҩ̧һӣЮž綾Ŀ糯źϻϯȥ
ͬʱڰѦӵζϽǬеͳһͭ¯ץһҩӽȥȡһӣŽҩķ糯սݺһȡ
˰ƷŽȣȳķѦȻŲ٣һʱ֮䣬սǵأǷɻҡ
˶лתͷǽǿȥѦӵлĿ⣬˼ЦЦǸ£
лĿѦӵԱǸϣѦȻС¯ⶦҲãҲãȷ˲١
ѦӵһȾ˸ߴϡ
ԭ𽹬λɽٶԹۣէ̲ס̧һ˦ȥ϶֣תɱ֮һʱϼ۶ȥ
Ц˦ٵԱ߳˳˵ϳŹ̷ݺ£

˳ȳƿϻ磬ۣ̾ȻҲһ˲䣬ǰƺͻأһĿռ䣬˶ų˳Ľһûռ䣬ʧ
˳󺧣δӦ˱޵Ϳ˳Ľڰճֻ֣ǽת˷򣬴žκһƣ׼˳˳ȥ
оɽ⣬˳ӣطĿһ䣬һ˲֮䣬гƺܵʲôٻֶ
ϰٰ齣ӭų˳Ľ۶ȥ
ཻٽһºԥγźϻݺһԱλɽٳϺҲͬʱԾлżϮȥ
лվڳǽɫƽ·һռ䣬ʱͣתɫݣ޷Զֻбѩ⣬ɢС
ܱٿ졢ټ֡
λɽһΧϣ̲סϾСģ
ȻҲһɲҶΪ
лϱ黯λʿϮȥ
ֻۣ·ռ䣬ɱ纬˪
µ˲ƿط͵ǣн轣л֮һڸߴ͵ը
齣ɢ֮鿪ֹʣ䶨طվڸߴµлš
лĽһ㣬Ծϰա
̤¶Уÿһ£¹ⶼˮɢ
£ƮȻɡ
лţ¼r飬аħ콣Ըʶ䣬ҪаħΪ𣿡

лſڣɫϲҪлŵ
ڴ˴콣ڴ˴
⻰üطףʲô˼
ҵ˼ǣԽлţ콣ڳлΪ콣޹ء
˵ţὣǰһһγ
Ľ¹תӳƽ˫
ɱߣˣϻл̧ۣǰ˲䣬ɱⱩǣ̤ˣǰɽһ£лţ


74 
, ĵǰδŶĵȴǰܱߣȺ֮, һµ, ʯ, Ӧĳ
л˪һֱһܱ߿ʼɫգգ, һĳ֣Ա, СߺŴܱߴ
ϸƬ, ͨķ˳, תͷһл˪, ԷҲüͷǲ
rؾĵλãؾؾͨ, ѡӵܾǶȶ򾳡
ܾǸ뾳ߵļ֯, ҲһУʵ飬֮䣬һ뾳¶κľϵ, ̳ٴ˾, 뿪
ܾ඼ǵɽ, ʬǳɶ, Ψȶ, ȥΪͨãȴɱķ
ƽ˾¾õСӦǶȶ򾳡
ܣͻȻͱ֣һͷſл˪֣ͷ˿ڡ
˿ڵַܸɾƯɫûаΪ۽ȶ򾳵Ĳ
ȰãлŲ̧ͷſ֣ƽպã߰ɡ
Ŷ
񣬽Ǭл˪ԡ
ܱߣ̽ſڣ֪һܾ
ȶ򾳡
лſڣЩϤ㻹ҹr鶪ˣ
ܾ˵ӦöûʲôӰ죬ȶ򾳶ħ֮ѶԸһܾ
޷
лŻӦģɲ٣ЩǸͻȻɱұҲûʵǿǷޣû취
ΪǸ
л˪ʵĪѿڶôܣ
ţлŵͷ켸֣û㡣
ҲĹͣʵҲ̳
û˵꣬ʹһ
л⻰ͬʱͷ㿴һ߼Ŵҵˣһ׼ã͵ȥˡ
λߣЩ죬лƺҲ˼תͷлţ¶ɻ󣺡ǡ
Ŷλҵѣܣл
ã߿лţ¶Ҫһλɣڷ֪лԸͬһȻץסֻٰrȻҼӣ
ȻӡʶĶμˡ
Ӧǵ꣬ͬлŵһμʱ
лĴɱġrͼѰҳrˡ
rΪķȻʿնħλӾ֮һ
ֻãû﹩ġrԼ˽ȥպлž˵أͱҳ£лŰæˡ
ɽׯ콣롰rأлȻԹۡ
ǴӦȥ⣬ڳһȦҲֻrҵ˹֮أŷֻrʵڰռġ񡱡
ռ֮һɵؼ˾֣˾ڵصλǷһΪƷҲƽ¶ꡣ
ȻʮǰһλŮӣΪزò˾֮ӿϣԼ÷ͶϣǾܾ˼˾֮ӵ飬ȵڶ꣬˾ԡΡΪָҪΪƷϱ˾򣬱ͬ⽫Ͷ뽭С
زĸĻԹߣٸ״ȴ˫ӳʧ١
ȵڶ꣬ڼʱյ˼˾֮Ͷӣ˾ȫҲУӴԺ󣬵ÿ궼蹩һŮˮ᷺ĳ֡
ʮȥذտ಻ԣлŸȥҪΪͶ֮ˡ
°һеˣļҳ
뵽ǶݳһУɵɫ΢䡣
ʱϹϾлţлȻͷӦɡ
ã˿ȥţλ硣
˵ţǰ·лԱߣ˼ܾƾ
ţԱлű㿪ڣȶ򾳶Ӱ켫󣬵һ㲻Ҫ̫Զκβԣ廽ҡ
֪ˡ
ͷлſһۣ֪ܾ֮£ȶֻҪܰվҪ񣬾ƾӦ¡
ôģ
û뵽л˪ԼľôΡ
лûжԣ˰üĦ䣬˸޹ص⣺ǰԭҪ˭
ͳȥ˵ģ̾˿ֻǺ˻
˭
лŹִѯʣ˵һ֣塣
л룬Ӽзҳһİĳƺֹٹ
˵Ϊͷۣ֮ǰδ򡣡
⻰һл˪ͻȻסŲͷл˪վԭأЩʣδ򣿡
һл˪̲ԣԼ콣ףиδôôԡ
Ͻͣ˻ˣپ˻ʱ˻ġ
˻ˣ
л˪ظֱ¶ƺý֪ͣʲôֻǿҾûн̤˼
Ϊζ飿
л˪һʱЩ飬ʶԼ˽µĽ飬ֻϻû𽹬һҶħΪƽּҺ嶨ס
ɣл˪ɢࡣ
˲תͷλ
ϽӦЩ˼л˪ͣϻЩȷʵʵãֻЩάһ
ˡ
лſڣϻ
ãȻͿԷᲽǰƽȣԺ󶼲ˡ
һʱû˼һ£ǿ⣬˼Լǣ콣콣ھúϻֱͦˣ
ȻһסϻƲЧΪ˲л˪Լŵţһʾл
˵ŻﵽһҴϣǽ뷿䣬Ů̧ϲ֮£λȻ·һһ˽ȥλڴϵȺҴڰȵ֣λ԰꣬ǵﶴѨҵС㡣
סͷģһҵǼС㡣
ҵ⣬ɱ˺񣬶ȶ򾳾ǹȥˡ
Ȼ޲ɱһǧΣֻǸþźͻþƽϡ
Ҫѵ֮ǰƾؾĺλõrҪ¡
ùϲתͷл˪˾ϲȥ·滻ɡ
š
л˪Ӧϲȥڼ䣬ϲϣ˳ְͷ˸򵥵﷢٣ױ̨Ϸŵ¼ͷϣžӿ˼ۺ߳ȥ
߳䣬л˪Ѿ·תͷڿ˲䶯΢٣ķӦ⣬̧ת˸Ȧôǲǲ
Ϊл˪˵Ȼδ룬껰󣬶Էͷš
ѻһʱ洫λ׼𣿡
ˣһ⻰Ͻͷ߸˿ţȥĶ
￴Ҳһ㶣Ͻ񣬵˾䡰ðࣺ֮ҪˣλȥװȺɡ
⻰͵طӦ
԰˵л˪Уⲻֱˣ
Ͻס鱱ϻˣ̻ȥߣ˭£
˷׷׵ͷ˲ɢ
Ķһû
ˣһģ
ȻŭƬ̣е΢
л˪ǰһխķΧϣһߵӽԱ߸
е̫·ֻһ㱡ɴԷϢ¶ȼ޿ײĸ֪Щڡ
Σ״̬ûɵýֱӣ֪ԼͻȻɱˣΪ
Ͼлŵͽܣǰʦ
뵽һ㣬Ťͷͼջָġšǧһ
˲ɱûУһʱҲ㲻ҪʲôֻܵвҲŶԷȶ֡
ȻлƺڽʲôһֱûзӦֻŰ籵ͷ
˺þãл̧֣̽ƺ봥
ѻһһˣ˶˱ǽϡ
Ķлź΢١
󽣵̲ס֣ͻأڣң

ӡ

⻰ʵûһ㶣ӦƬ̣ʶ˵ģɵøΪ𾪡
û뵽ʱˣл˪ȻἺΪˣȹһԼħ£Լʦܱñӡ
ʲôʦ֣
ʲô˼ֹģ
л˪ƴһӣҲ뼤ìܣϽǸӡȷʵҲԣû뺦ֻֻʱ䣬ҲǱƲѲҪֶΡ
û˵꣬лһѪ͵Ż˳˾˻ϡ
ʶ§סˣƬ̺漴Ӧ
л˪ħξΪѾ⣬ô죬ǸûдԼʶڵҾͳˡ
Ÿǿ֮ĩӦûʲôвҪ֣õĻᡣ
ħ콣ڳ֪֪
֪°ɱˣǵҲ
ûгħ콣ڻһϣͰɱˣ֤ӡ£ǵл˪ħȣɱں
л˪Ϊлŵӣݸ߹󣬵ʱл˵Գɽ𡭡
ԽԽ£ҡҡͷٶ롣
Ĳڶ֣л˪¸ˡ
ٻлء
һ㣬Ͻɵϣϰ籣¶۾
۾ɫǳʾħʶѳ̶ȡ
л˪۾һƬȥƽл˪ƽе㲻
ˣǲ
̧һ˦Ͱлһɫڸл¡
㣬ϴڡл˪࣬Ǭȡ壬תͷԱ߸ⰲлţϹŷ壬һΪħܻЩʹ࣬һҪ
û˵꣬Ϳл˪׾ֱ

л˪ûбһԴͿǰְ̧סԴ·һ㽫Ǽ䡣
ֱӣƬ̺󣬾һɳƵ𣺡ζأ
ζ
ʲôζ
ãȻһ漴ʶѾʡζ顣
ʲôֵл˪ζ
˵㣿
ӦлŶ˶٣߲ⷴʣ㣿
ԣϻֻҪ߶˫޹ЦݣšҲεľǱˡ󷽷Ȼһ㣬Э˫޹׻ǡ
ϻӡ
лૣ̧ͷŻÿ˶У
ͷÿ˶С
ֻÿ˵ζϸ΢ͬˡ
лû˵ŻΣ¹⣬ˮ
гҲÿ˶ô
ҲǣôеĻ⣬Ҳ˵治ʵʵ𣬡ʦ̵ı׼ַҲ֪ôξʱͿԲο
˵ţлŵĿĪЩûСһЩճ
лųĬкɫһɢ
ֱԷˣһ˵ûһգҲ֪ӡǶҪ֪ҹΣһôܣһúơ
ˡ
лȻĻǰںδ
ǰЩɵʵ÷£ںϻ

⻰û⡱һ£ǿЦҵԶϻﷱӣһǴ˴ףһӶ
𰸣۾ƺǻãſһץԱ߰ʲôûһ㣬´ȥ
ץŴʵסֻ̽һСлôˣ
˵꣬ⳡʻôô֡
лͣסŲڵ
Ͻڣټ죺ħ¶Ҳ˵ȥġֻǵĲȡڵħʿкܴͨ˿ңȻΪðҴٳһ¡
콣ףлͻȻڴ
ԣ㶵ͷԡ
˭
û뵽л˪ȻôʣһС𣿡
лŲ˵ĪҹЩ䡣
þãڣ֪ˡ
˵Ჽȥ
ᣬȰȰĲȣжԵھ֢ϻд˵ҲԣֻҪҸӡ
û˵꣬ѾʧҹɫʣµĻԽ˵ԽС˫Ӯ
ˣȻ˸ػ
ſڣ𾪵Ըӡ
û뵽л˪ȻԼħ¶һ㶼ģʵˡ
ħߵ
˺þãŷӦ̧һӰŴϣ̾Ϣſһ
ӡл˪ϣĿ϶֪ˡ
ôһٶıˣֶΣҲöԷϲ
л˪ô£ôڷķӡóķӡʱħƭȥл˪ʲôͷ
ιû취콣ڴ˻ȥˡ
ڡ
ۣҹɫйǡ
Ҳϵ
*** ***
лŴӳȲеԼ䣬ҹࡣ
̧ͷͥԺĿ̧֦֣֦ųѿѿɿ滨ʢƮ£ػؿ֦
ľ괺и߽׷οһ˵
ȫɡ
лڴվãڻǵͷȡдƣ̧һ
ûƬ̣𣺡ţʲôˣ
ʦ壬лſڣһˣòϢҲ񣬵֪ǲǹˣΣ
ǡ̽ţǡ
лûгȨĬϡ
⻰̾˿Ҳûо֡


75 
, ĵǰδŶĵȴ˿оԼһ, ڵϡ
ǰܱ, Ⱥ֮, һµ棬ʯӦĳ
л˪һֱһ, ܱ߿ʼɫգգ, һĳ, Ա, СߺŴܱߴ
ϸƬ, ͨķ˳תͷһл˪ԷҲüͷ, ǲ
rؾĵλãؾؾͨ, ѡӵܾǶȶ򾳡
ܾǸ뾳ߵļ֯ɣҲһУʵ, ֮, һ뾳¶κľϵ, ̳ٴ˾, 뿪
ܾ඼ǵɽ, ʬǳɶѣΨȶ򾳣ȥΪͨãȴɱķ
ƽ˾¾õСӦǶȶ򾳡
ܣͻȻͱ֣һͷſл˪֣ͷ˿ڡ
˿ڵַܸɾƯɫûаΪ۽ȶ򾳵Ĳ
ȰãлŲ̧ͷſ֣ƽպã߰ɡ
Ŷ
񣬽Ǭл˪ԡ
ܱߣ̽ſڣ֪һܾ
ȶ򾳡
лſڣЩϤ㻹ҹr鶪ˣ
ܾ˵ӦöûʲôӰ죬ȶ򾳶ħ֮ѶԸһܾ
޷
лŻӦģɲ٣ЩǸͻȻɱұҲûʵǿǷޣû취
ΪǸ
л˪ʵĪѿڶôܣ
ţлŵͷ켸֣û㡣
ҲĹͣʵҲ̳
û˵꣬ʹһ
л⻰ͬʱͷ㿴һ߼Ŵҵˣһ׼ã͵ȥˡ
λߣЩ죬лƺҲ˼תͷлţ¶ɻ󣺡ǡ
Ŷλҵѣܣл
ã߿лţ¶Ҫһλɣڷ֪лԸͬһȻץסֻٰrȻҼӣ
ȻӡʶĶμˡ
Ӧǵ꣬ͬлŵһμʱ
лĴɱġrͼѰҳrˡ
rΪķȻʿնħλӾ֮һ
ֻãû﹩ġrԼ˽ȥպлž˵أͱҳ£лŰæˡ
ɽׯ콣롰rأлȻԹۡ
ǴӦȥ⣬ڳһȦҲֻrҵ˹֮أŷֻrʵڰռġ񡱡
ռ֮һɵؼ˾֣˾ڵصλǷһΪƷҲƽ¶ꡣ
ȻʮǰһλŮӣΪزò˾֮ӿϣԼ÷ͶϣǾܾ˼˾֮ӵ飬ȵڶ꣬˾ԡΡΪָҪΪƷϱ˾򣬱ͬ⽫Ͷ뽭С
زĸĻԹߣٸ״ȴ˫ӳʧ١
ȵڶ꣬ڼʱյ˼˾֮Ͷӣ˾ȫҲУӴԺ󣬵ÿ궼蹩һŮˮ᷺ĳ֡
ʮȥذտ಻ԣлŸȥҪΪͶ֮ˡ
°һеˣļҳ
뵽ǶݳһУɵɫ΢䡣
ʱϹϾлţлȻͷӦɡ
ã˿ȥţλ硣
˵ţǰ·лԱߣ˼ܾƾ
ţԱлű㿪ڣȶ򾳶Ӱ켫󣬵һ㲻Ҫ̫Զκβԣ廽ҡ
֪ˡ
ͷлſһۣ֪ܾ֮£ȶֻҪܰվҪ񣬾ƾӦ¡
ôģ
û뵽л˪ԼľôΡ
лûжԣ˰üĦ䣬˸޹ص⣺ǰԭҪ˭
ͳȥ˵ģ̾˿ֻǺ˻
˭
лŹִѯʣ˵һ֣塣
л룬Ӽзҳһİĳƺֹٹ
˵Ϊͷۣ֮ǰδ򡣡
⻰һл˪ͻȻסŲͷл˪վԭأЩʣδ򣿡
һл˪̲ԣԼ콣ףиδôôԡ
Ͻͣ˻ˣپ˻ʱ˻ġ
˻ˣ
л˪ظֱ¶ƺý֪ͣʲôֻǿҾûн̤˼
Ϊζ飿
л˪һʱЩ飬ʶԼ˽µĽ飬ֻϻû𽹬һҶħΪƽּҺ嶨ס
ɣл˪ɢࡣ
˲תͷλ
ϽӦЩ˼л˪ͣϻЩȷʵʵãֻЩάһ
ˡ
лſڣϻ
ãȻͿԷᲽǰƽȣԺ󶼲ˡ
һʱû˼һ£ǿ⣬˼Լǣ콣콣ھúϻֱͦˣ
ȻһסϻƲЧΪ˲л˪Լŵţһʾл
˵ŻﵽһҴϣǽ뷿䣬Ů̧ϲ֮£λȻ·һһ˽ȥλڴϵȺҴڰȵ֣λ԰꣬ǵﶴѨҵС㡣
סͷģһҵǼС㡣
ҵ⣬ɱ˺񣬶ȶ򾳾ǹȥˡ
Ȼ޲ɱһǧΣֻǸþźͻþƽϡ
Ҫѵ֮ǰƾؾĺλõrҪ¡
ùϲתͷл˪˾ϲȥ·滻ɡ
š
л˪Ӧϲȥڼ䣬ϲϣ˳ְͷ˸򵥵﷢٣ױ̨Ϸŵ¼ͷϣžӿ˼ۺ߳ȥ
߳䣬л˪Ѿ·תͷڿ˲䶯΢٣ķӦ⣬̧ת˸Ȧôǲǲ
Ϊл˪˵Ȼδ룬껰󣬶Էͷš
ѻһʱ洫λ׼𣿡
ˣһ⻰Ͻͷ߸˿ţȥĶ
￴Ҳһ㶣Ͻ񣬵˾䡰ðࣺ֮ҪˣλȥװȺɡ
ԥˣ顱һ´ϴţ˼˿
վſڵĺϻ˶һۣƬ̺ϲ˼飺ղǡл
У鱱˼ţߴ˼Ц
⻰͵طӦ
԰˵л˪Уⲻֱˣ
Ͻס鱱ϻˣ̻ȥߣ˭£
˷׷׵ͷ˲ɢ
Ķһû
ˣһģ
ȻŭƬ̣е΢
л˪ǰһխķΧϣһߵӽԱ߸
е̫·ֻһ㱡ɴԷϢ¶ȼ޿ײĸ֪Щڡ
Σ״̬ûɵýֱӣ֪ԼͻȻɱˣΪ
Ͼлŵͽܣǰʦ
뵽һ㣬Ťͷͼջָġšǧһ
˲ɱûУһʱҲ㲻ҪʲôֻܵвҲŶԷȶ֡
ȻлƺڽʲôһֱûзӦֻŰ籵ͷ
˺þãл̧֣̽ƺ봥
ѻһһˣ˶˱ǽϡ
Ķлź΢١
󽣵̲ס֣ͻأڣң

ӡ

⻰ʵûһ㶣ӦƬ̣ʶ˵ģɵøΪ𾪡
û뵽ʱˣл˪ȻἺΪˣȹһԼħ£Լʦܱñӡ
ʲôʦ֣
ʲô˼ֹģ
л˪ƴһӣҲ뼤ìܣϽǸӡȷʵҲԣû뺦ֻֻʱ䣬ҲǱƲѲҪֶΡ
û˵꣬лһѪ͵Ż˳˾˻ϡ
ʶ§סˣƬ̺漴Ӧ
л˪ħξΪѾ⣬ô죬ǸûдԼʶڵҾͳˡ
Ÿǿ֮ĩӦûʲôвҪ֣õĻᡣ
ħ콣ڳ֪֪
֪°ɱˣǵҲ
ûгħ콣ڻһϣͰɱˣ֤ӡ£ǵл˪ħȣɱں
л˪Ϊлŵӣݸ߹󣬵ʱл˵Գɽ𡭡
ԽԽ£ҡҡͷٶ롣
Ĳڶ֣л˪¸ˡ
ٻлء
һ㣬Ͻɵϣϰ籣¶۾
۾ɫǳʾħʶѳ̶ȡ
л˪۾һƬȥƽл˪ƽе㲻
ˣǲ
̧һ˦Ͱлһɫڸл¡
㣬ϴڡл˪࣬Ǭȡ壬תͷԱ߸ⰲлţϹŷ壬һΪħܻЩʹ࣬һҪ
û˵꣬Ϳл˪׾ֱ

л˪ûбһԴͿǰְ̧סԴ·һ㽫Ǽ䡣
ֱӣƬ̺󣬾һɳƵ𣺡ζأ
ζ
ʲôζ
ãȻһ漴ʶѾʡζ顣
ʲôֵл˪ζ
˵㣿
ӦлŶ˶٣߲ⷴʣ㣿
ԣϻֻҪ߶˫޹ЦݣšҲεľǱˡ󷽷Ȼһ㣬Э˫޹׻ǡ
ϻӡ
лૣ̧ͷŻÿ˶У
ͷÿ˶С
ֻÿ˵ζϸ΢ͬˡ
лû˵ŻΣ¹⣬ˮ
гҲÿ˶ô
ҲǣôеĻ⣬Ҳ˵治ʵʵ𣬡ʦ̵ı׼ַҲ֪ôξʱͿԲο
˵ţлŵĿĪЩûСһЩճ
лųĬкɫһɢ
ֱԷˣһ˵ûһգҲ֪ӡǶҪ֪ҹΣһôܣһúơ
ˡ
лȻĻǰںδ
ǰЩɵʵ÷£ںϻ

⻰û⡱һ£ǿЦҵԶϻﷱӣһǴ˴ףһӶ
𰸣۾ƺǻãſһץԱ߰ʲôûһ㣬´ȥ
ץŴʵסֻ̽һСлôˣ
˵꣬ⳡʻôô֡
лͣסŲڵ
Ͻڣټ죺ħ¶Ҳ˵ȥġֻǵĲȡڵħʿкܴͨ˿ңȻΪðҴٳһ¡


76 
, ĵǰδŶĵȴ
Ƭ̺תԱ߻Ǹʿ, ûʹ⡣
лᲽ, ȻŷӦʲô鱱һ˳嵽Ա, ʼĺͻ
˲, 鱱˿, ͹۲һߵġл˪
л˪ߵʿǰ, ʿܶһ˫۾ֶлţ
һ˻˵Щʲôû뵽л˪ûԷڵĻ, ̧־͵ʿü䡣
ٶûһ㶡
Ȼʣֱ
ʿǼ̵ֶ, ʿԸԱ, һʷʽ
ڡ嶾ڡ֮аħ, ÷סʿѡ
л˪Ϊ콣ڵ, 㲻֮ģҲĶԷԱ
쿴šл˪۾, ʿ, ûƬ, ʿ͵, ֻ䡱һ, ʿըѿȥ
ȻлѾúý磬ֻһƬѪڽ֮У£л˪Ѫ˦˦֣뽣ʡ
ȫΪס콣ڵӸ޷ܣ㶿šл˪
лŵҲĿ⣬ʲôû˵ת뿪
ᲽڷӦϽڣл
лתͷżɽ֪лʳʲô
޹ءлſڣüͷ
ˣҹ޹أ˵üΪ޹أǾ콣йأڲУʮգڲ̹ڴ˵طֵڵǣ֪ܺǣ
лûỨЩŻֻ߲ˡ
Ϊǣ
л̧ۣƽҲߡ
üͷлŵԸܱߵӣʬ壬ǰӱ߰Ӫկ
˵ǰɽȣʧߡ
л뿪ͻȻһ󼱴ٵĿ˸ϽͷͼһںѪŻӿƤ··ʲôڲϴУȥΪɲ
鱱Ѹǰ̧壬תͷ΢嶾ڵĹ
⻰һҲ͡л˪ƽϣΪˣ¾Ҫ
鱱ѹסϵĹƶ˰̧ϣʼΡ
˵زȫ˲Ҷֻܸͣлǰ鱱ٰγϵĹƳָ˿ϵһ޸
ڣ˿һʱϣ鱱İ˿ںᵽԼϢ
ԺѹԼоԼڴϡ
ƺãȻƬ̣ڿԱ߻˲䣬ͻȻʶæ
һѷס֪ҪʲôϽڣ̫أϢҪܡ
ɡ
˵ԾͿԡ
סƽͣҽǰŮˣ˽黳ȻˣұΪ룬ԼתƻõøһЩϣһȥҹġ
ɡ
Сµг̧̣ۿǸ鷳
⻰Ķͣס
Աߣ룬ɫƽſ£롣
ЩȣĻſϣ·Ľŵ⡣
֪ΣһθлʱлҲ
ڻһЩ
ʱ£һ뻹Ҫһһлģ˵лű
ʱΪߣѹ֡
ѾǸ˵ĳŮޣ֪ѿ˻ͷ죬ķһЩ
ոлȣнķˣҲġ
ƽķ࣬Сڣ֮£ҷˡ
ĿڣȴͻȻʲôסû˵
Щ̧֣ͷ
Ŷ¡Ļ񣬵Ҳûٹ򡣡
ҲΪҷˡչˣȴǣǣʵⲻȥ
⻰ûƬ̣мǸΣڣҲǣ
û˵ıϡ
ǣ콣ڵ£ҲǷʲô콣ںˡ
Ѿǳ¹
ıл˪׻ö࣬ȴѾٶʲô
ת˻⣺һֱΪʿʴȣôλлʦ֣ɱôأ
Ϊĳţȥ
һЦ̧ۿܲ϶һֻ޶ëĶô
⻰Ҳ̲סЦ˵޹ؽҪ¾ͺãл˪ȥɲˡ
֪ҡͷĽһ֮磬ȥĽżӹ̷ӡаħ뾳һϾȴۣԼ磬һ˽һ硣
⻰һġ˻һϽסѪĵط򶨣Ͼһ磬л˪ʲôϵ
Ͼ񣬻ӰӣҲԭĽһԽյΪö࣬ɱˡģĻͷЦЦ콣ڲɱ޹֮ˡлʦֲԴǣж⡣
˵
Сûʲôʶȴ֪Ϊе£ɱص̶ֳȣȴǺ
л˪ˣһлš
ֳ֣ס˼û롣ͷ룬ֻѯʣϾҲ֣Ľ˷ӡô꣬ô뵽ȥ磿һ˶磬Ҫ𣿡
⡭ҾͲˡ
룬ţ콣һԣ˵Ͼʵһλӣ磬ΪѰ޶ȥ
ôִԣĽҲ飿
úЦмֲ˼ҲţϾϾˣĽҲ޲ɽ١д˴ԣϾ֮ǰһ¡
ţ
Ͼǰ׿콣ɽɻһ
һ٣Ĳ죬˵ţã콣ʱͿԿɽһˡ
ãЦЦͦϲһġ
˵ţ̧ȡ룬ԸģúϢ޸ɣЩʱղҪŲʹ˿ֱѿ
л
ȥҹ˯ɡ
𣬱
߳һֱվԱߣһ漴ſǡл˪
ֻƽյһɨȥ㿴ϴűĸΪصӰ˿ϣ£ҲҹɫѪɫ
ʶƣ𷽲ĳͻֹס׵ͷл
лӦһûж˵Ჽ뿪лſԱȥıӰѣѱ˽磬ﰲȫ
΢٣ͷлл
лżû˵˼ԼջĿ⣬תӽȥ̽ġ
ʲôлŽæϾ


77 
ڤrһҹ, ڤrԼ壬ٻֻrܸӦ
һ, ˻ڤķ, һ, ǱѪ
ȻѪʼûгϣڵƿ֮磬rһΪ, ϲ, Ĩȥ׷ӡ֮ˡ
ûм
rڱѪ, r鱾ĽƷӡܴ򿪷ӡĻƤӵ, Ѫʲôû
뵽һ㣬лͷһ, ͻȻʶʲô, ȥ, æס
ҹЩ仯, ͷսôˣ
۾, ִ̧̺֮ϡ
ʶ뽩ס, ֪ʶ̺ر֮ȥ, Ž밡
, ģ
, ûбѻ, ִҪ, ϣĻŻҲж𣬡˵ţѦӵµ˿ڡ
Ϊʲô
лѵ׷ףҲûжܣֻҪѪѪϾȫҪ棬ٵȼҪһΡŶˡ
ʲôΪˣһһ飬ֿԳźܶ꣬ȥѪˡ
Ѫлüͷ𣿡
ѰҩһѪӦö˲Ŷԡ
֪ɻĽ𣺡ж̫ǣҪ໻Ρ
û취
л˼ţЦѦӵûʲô취Ҫ
룬ͷˣȥʦԣ
ݳûΡ
˺ϻˣûǣңϻҲﶦʢ
ԸȥʦӢ÷κˣȻ취ӡϵr顣
δ̫ãȥƺ׷ʡ
תͷۣûгɫ쳣գգۣ̲סʣ㵽ʲô
лû˵һͷĶͷº͵˯ɡ
һ£оڻУлŴ֮þãڿڣ
ţ
Ӱɣ
⻰һ
û£ûδγһ
лſҹɫûҪ˿̾͸𰸣ڣҪĴ𰸡
֪Լ뷨˱ӡ
Ȼţһӣס
뷨ԼȴΨһ뵽ġԼİ취
ãȻҹɫЩ˽ͽ꣬õʢǿһ𳤴ö£̫֮ˣҲãȥϷǰȥǣ˵ϲﶨӣҲá
仰ʶͻȻҪµ塣
ں¡
̫̫Σգ²֪ǵĴڡ
ʼûа취Ļƭ̫Σ˵ƭνҲʧȥε
У˼˺þãֱס
ԡ

лһ㶣ŵͷؿڵĹоǰһУһ޴ĻΣϲҸ˲ţӿֳ˼ֻ̿֡
˵ֻ΢΢֣£뻳С
ھ޴ĻУ𼸷ְο
ûз¡
ˣôߣ˵δԸһӡ
ͬһͬδ
ϲûȴѾƽֻȻӿʾŨ
˱ڷʱϻ˴һҹδߡ
鱱սʬһһϻȥѪˮɨɾ
ѦӵմҽտԱôλҹ²ͬʱ취˴λʤϢڡ
æµһҹҲײײӻ𽹬
峿𽹬ţӿʱһ
ͨűŪѪļͷ˿ڣ԰Ϣڣͨһˡ
˵꣬ǰһˣӸϽסͨˣ죬ҽޣ
ӽæ̧ȥһҹ˱Ѿټޣǰôһˣǰͺȥ
ٴ̴ѾԱߣ˿ڰѣ̴æȥˣ죬ͨ
˵ţתͷûϢʱ䣬ʹͳѾڴˣȥ
һ˵һ£ȫûע⵽԰׵ɫ
аͣҲû⣬ôϰˡ
𽹬¶һȻԼҲôϣϾͰˡ
ôҲǿķϣºĸײ
ѳԼ·˷ȥ˴
أڸߴԱϳ˳λʹһ࣬·λһɵվߣü
˵ģϣߵм䣬ŷſ̴ӣ̧񣬹
ôһ˻ģ
ɫ䣺أ
ڱǻɣϾлźͻһĿãɽڵʿܵÿ죬ҲĻɫôܴӻܻ
ԣ¶Ұ֮ɫֻ¡ǱŻġ
ʲô
֣߬ȭͷѻæߵף²˵
㵱治˵Ͳ˵⻰̧֣һϣȳ˵
ҪȰ
ѵһƣߵͷ
󲻵¿ڣѱ㿪ʼûɱеӣڵȫںϻУҪ»𽹬ֻһҪ󣬽ħѪԼ
̧ͷп־壬£
⻰ȫһƬž
ƽѣƺѾȻ˼
ѣƬ̺󣬹ǣأ
˵ѿſ־壬ź΢΢ţ˽Թ𽹬޹ء
仰㽫𽹬ֿ
ţȻҲ£ţֻѣûˣ
ǡ
ѵͷһ˵Щ
ð
³°ͣڸϣЦܺðˣлźͻ޵У𽹬ֱͼֻҪͳȥ𽹬ǡһλλǧ꣬Ҹ÷ȷ
˵ţƺ˼˭ȽϺأ
䣬һֻһѲϣӵݺ¶᣺𣿣
֣֡Ŀ΢䣬ı䣬̧ۿ£΢΢ϢţѪͳҿɲǵճ
û뵽ѻ˵⻰ͫ׽漴ϵͺȳȥ
ô˾ϼţ
¶һ٣תͷʿˮ˼ɿתţŵʱֵ𽹬֮ʣҲ˻ͷҪͬƽϣȽѺù֮ͬ£ᣡ
ǰϿڴͷ̸ʬδ嶯
˷׷Ȱ˵ţ»ܣѽŶúЦ
λ˵ǡ
һ֣˲ϣʹ
¿ѣĿд˼ֱǸ׸ߣǴңЩü¡ˣ֣ȽѺǿתͷһܱߣʹλϣδ㣿


78 
µĻ, 㿴ңҿ㣬տڲԡ
ĸǰ, ȥҿűȥ, ֪ôǡ
Ǿ䡰ճ𽹬ֹһλ
, ѵĸײңЩĸײŷ, ³˵ճŮ
µľٶھ, , Ҳǻڣɽ֮, ǵ˼, ס
ⷬô򣬶ڳλɽһɻ˵û̫á
𽹬, طŴΪڴڷ絲æ, , ǾҪ
ط, һӣ, ԵľǱлŵĻ, һնط, ǣƴȫһЩʤ㣬ɻҪֻ£ΪʲôҪȥƴһأ
£Ҳδ֪
֪֮ڣǶҲһҲܰ˸ɱ⡣ڣֻҪ뵱ħҪΪϻ룬Ͳȥ׷
Ϲۣµһ·ʯ̬̽ȣʺϲ
һ㣬һһɨ˼
ЩĻ̥ǿһİæطҴԼҲ
ɺ޵ǣˣҲòܡ
طһ˶Իлţɥϻ
ˣһһʼ£ȴ̽ſڣλҸʬںϻλΪô죿
⻰˳΢΢üѾɽ٣֡ҵΪ

תͷ˳ϴЦʹΪҵη
ĶԹ޷һ£˳˼ţȷǰµӣһʾǸ⣬׼һЩħѪԵŰݷãԱ⣬ʲô̸
ʹ˵ǣϸţ𽹬ӻںϻҲԪˣȥû壬͡Ŀľħ֮λֻҪãӦòΪѡ
Ϊأ
Ŀ䵽ϣһɣ̱̬̫֣¾ῴ裬𽹬ͺƴˣ
ǣλеҲȰţȥԣô֣Ҳģ
Щ¶οˣ̾˿λ仰·ˣǸܲϵ
˵ţ˸񣬹λ岮ҸײˣպҪλ³𽹬Сʲôףλ岮ָ
һиģЩ飬໥һ¼ƣ̾˿λ岮ҹҲˣȥϢɡ
˵û׷׸ǣ¿Ŵȥס߳ȥĳ˳ʹ
˳³Ťͷȥд֮⣬һˣ㵥
ϻͷһۣ˼ʲô˲ȥ
ȴ˶뿪˳Źº£
ʹ¿վڴеĳ˳ڸϣ¶УҸȥˡ
⻰˳Щµ˼ŵڰ
ĸȥʱҲôͬ˵ġ
˳ԣһ
»飬ûǴ꣬嵱𽹬ʱһѪծױǲģĸ˸ףó¡
˶£Ī˳Щµ˼˳ᱳġ
Ҳ´Ӹ̨˳ߣ̾˿ǳҵĵˡ
˼ǣ
˳΢΢üתͷ˳𽹬ڣÿһ˶ĹңǸذݵڣֻҪһͿԸǣԣһҪҵǻԥӵѣŻɱҡ
Ƿ̫ǣ
˵Щ˳ͷһ˵ȷ㣬û뵽»
ʿ޵ףĸ׵ȷжܰ£ȻҪΪƴ
˳Ȱ˵£δһҪ
Ҳġ
¶ų˳ǶǽͷݣҪҪңԼˡ
ʲô
˳üͷ⣬Цϣҡ
ʲô
޻󷨣̧ۣɫҪϡ
⻰һ˳󾪣ʶˣһץס𽹬ǿʿϽ֮Һ֣ɱһϲ⡣޻󷨣ɽ˽ΪתΪԼУֻҪһϣұɱ
˳ѹˣԼˣ
ҿ԰𽹬򿪸㣬ѡ
¿ڣ˳ԭء
֮עѪͳУÿŶԼı⣬Ѫͳ֮˲ܽ
еķռѰʿɵá
ֱӿһһʿĪջ
˳ҡ¼˵Һɱϣûκηաֻ֪ҪˣԼɱӮˣǳʹˣͶϹ˳ʹջ󣬡ֻ׬
ǡ˳벻ףüͷӮлأ
лţԣЦǾҪһˣǵħɫ䣬ô롣
ħ˳͵׹˵ħ㣿
Цſų˳ûд𻰡
˳һ룬˵ĵҲûȷע
ƽʱ¾Ͷ·
˳˼룬̧ۿģǳˣ㿪ҡ
ãЦģɱ³֮Ϊʹ⡣
ģ˳ͷãǽҹҽԼһ֡
ϼƣ뿪ȥ׼
ߺվڳȵйƳ棬ת뿪
Σڵʯӣʱ䣬ͻȻ洫һУתͷͿϳ˽̧һηץѣҪɱ㣬
һ㶣һתû뵽̬зչҪ죬ãȻ𾪣ʲôҪɱңҪɱң
ˣæͻϵʹ뿪Ͷϻ
һ뿪
ˣû뵽ϾȻѵôףƽһԲûˡ
һͨ϶ҪȡϵҪܻ
Ҳ»Ͻƴǣסϵ֣֣أУʹҲ㣬㽫ҷųԼȥϻͺã
ôУһ⻰ͱɫʼ˵˵˵֮£±ʮַ߿˸ȥã㽫ĸŮȫȻ˷꣬΢ᣬΪ˺ʲô֮ʣᣬֲź
㡭жӲ죬㾹Ȼ
Ͽһ棬ߴٵˣϽ߰ɣ
ãѵͷסϵ֣ʹʵ˵ɣʵͬ˵ˣֻҪԸ⣬Է𽹬һΣվá´𽹬ƣʹ򿪽磬ֱӿ뿪
ڲһ磬Ķɽʿ˵ѣ̵ͷ̴̧򿪷ϾƬ̣µѹ׷ɫһ䣬̧ݺһ£
𽹬˲ƿ̧һӸߴն£ץϾʹӴһԾ룬봫󷨣˲ʧԭء
ºͳ˳ʧˣɫΪѿ
˳һʱЩŤͷ£ˣô죿
Žؿڸ߸ߵ͵Ƭ̺ǿЦ޷
ץŽתͷ䵭һ
*** ***
ץϴӴֱ׹£ûþͳںϻ
ʱͬлźߵһӼӡ
𽹬ͺϻһսϢ̴˹Ͷ
ڱֹȻݼ
֮󣬵Ҳûж˵ֻͬһģȥҹ̽𣬰ݼȥˡ
ڵ࣬ǺϻϽµţó𽹬ƴطұƣΪ𽹬꣬˵ɽٳɹлһɱطңﻹסҹǸ˵һԼĿദ
ţҲûж˵ֻǿߣЦ˾䣺ʦ㣬ڹΣ
һ⻰Щ񣬺߲˼ӣһͦõġ
ɶͷԣͷпº͵̫ģҲ֪ҲΣǺϻסţҲǨŭ

˵Щܣ̲סۡ
û˵䣬Ͼʹ˽
ˣ
̧ͷͿѹϲɫһۣǰߣضϻˡ
û뵽ѻô죬𽹬ʹ˻̲סһ£ܿתͷЦЦʱЩҪ񣬵ȥȻؿͷϢġ
ʱҶ˵ʲôϽͷŻ뿪
лһ˿ͷһȥͿѦӵڸҩлת˳ȥ
Ѧӵûʲôܻ䣬ǰ·Ǹˣһҩһޣȥһ죬ƾô࣬ǰ;
ѽٷϻѿͷѦӵһۣû
ӲҪҩҲС
ѦӵͬһԵĻ˵úܣ̸һһҹҲûϵȳȥˡ
˵ţѦӵҩ䣬߳⡣
һţſڵлţһʶԱ㣬ָϽһۻҵЩο
лǲᵱŻɱġ
ǳ
ԼŲػߣֻǸһˣž͡žડϡ
ų׸˻ߣںклĿԡ
оԼǱ߶ϵӣĪ˸ս
ֱлſҲû
þúлͻȻѯʣؿڵĵô£
⻰Ѧӵ
ϴα׻ľ죬һŵԼ
㿴
лɫ䣬ѦӵȴʱܱǰƺڱѩֻҪǰٽһܰϵ֮ء
ʶ죬ʲôطû
Ϊȫ룬ѡ͡
Ǵ򡣡
ǿУûŮġ
ô
лܵѦӵƴͷԼףлŵ㵱һоǲŮԵ𣿡
Ѧӵ
Ƭ̺Ҫ񾭲̸ô̸·һ
ҩóֽʣдһӣлŵ˹ȥ
лҪƽʱȵҩЩô벻Ҫƽ塭
ˡ
Ѧӵ⻰ҭסֻ̣ʣ˵ĻڳҲǲԡ
˵ţҩлҩӣתͷС뿪
лҩѦӵĻ
ȷ֪ǣΪ˽ⶾ£Ѧӵв롣
лվڳȣ˼ڣ˵ѣôͻȻˣ
żɽЩ棺·ˣ
ˡ˹·˵𽹬ҰʾЩʹֻ˽˶ԹֻҪ£̡Щ϶̾ʹλ̲ˣͰҹˡ
ûֱɱˣ
ЦѶһڣͲҵá
Ųˡ
ͣѺ裬ͷȷɱң˰ұˣҿѺעĶôܶľûֱ°ɱˣҲˣԾȥΣȻͬ˳ɱϣʳΪԸ㡣⻰͵ˣң˵Ҫҡ·ϱҰѻ׳ˡ
ϣ
ѵĻЦ޻󷨣ʳΪȷÿЩܶԸңлأҲܣ
˵ħԸлš
һ٣Ƭ̺Ų豭ҡͷǲܡ
ҹҲǣѳ°ͣˣ˭ţҿǴɱϣԼǿ֮ɱ˳ѧڤһס
ڤѾǰ棬ǲ̫˳
°ͣԼû뵽ŻԼ֣һʱ˵𽹬Щֿɶǳ˾ģˣ˹Ҳܡ
νˣƣ֮ͺáҵĿ
˵ţ̧ͷΪԼ
ŻĿд˼ӣ㡣
Ļ΢
Ѵս۾ƻɣ
ôôң
ʣЦ
Ϊڱ䡣
û˵Ůڷ侲Ĭ
һ󣬻ڣˡ
˵ţ̧ͷѣҴȥǡ
˵ǰѣ֮⣬һв䡣
û˵֣ؿڣʦֻѣȰġ
⻰á׼ɣʲôʱȥ𽹬
һʱ䣬Ҳһ㷢ʱ䣬ֻҪ𽹬˳ӣǾͿԹȥˡ
վҲúϢˡ
˵ţת⡣
ţͥԺеգܲһƬлͷƣɫƽ
ϴţߵߣ˾ĬԣƬ̺󣬻ʲôæһ죬㶼ûȥ콣ڵĵӣʦ棬ȥ˵ȥɣ
㲻ϲҹƣ
лŷ·ûĻתͷ
֪ǲ̸콣ڵ£סĸ첲ߣȥǡ
лûҲ콣ڵˡ
ͣ£лվڳȣûʲôɫɲ֪ΪʲôȴԼãĪĸ˴
ٴѣǰһħˡ
û˵лţǰ·һˣƺ˿ûʶԼ
һ֣ס
лţڣ룬Һܸˡ
лף˵ϣ粻ֻңҺܸˡ


79 
⻰, л΢΢
Ȼٲͬ
ʮĻ޲ֻԼװ, Ҫаԥ
ȴϣ֮ӥ, ʣԶҲ֮¡
ǰŮӣµĺۼųĶ˵, ˵, ȥǡ
֣лҲûپܾ, , ˵ҪϿĹϵûйãӲҪǣ, Ҳܡ
콣ڵĵ㳲Ҳûʲôˣлߵʱ, ôƺ콣Ӵ꣬˵Լս֮Ӣ䣬Ա߳˰, мͬüȥ̭
һȺߴߴ, ԵüΪ, վſ, Ҳû̽ȥ, ˼ѣ˱㶼عͷлţ۾Ͼʦĸ
һʦĸƺ̲סлţлɫƽȣֻýϾֻǺϻپ

ûõϢץץԴףǡû˵
⻰лЩ⣬΢΢üֻʣţ
ǰãȻǰϻΧʱǱżأͻȻʹǰϾرȫϻ
лЩɫ΢ҾлţɻϾ
лû˺þãֻ˵ͷûжʣһλӵ˶ħʱĳһǰûʲôͬ
ȷϺõ£ͬлһ뿪
ڳϣ֣˵㿴´˰ɣЩӸ⣬ԶеϾ
лŲ˵·ϣ֣᣺Ƕ㣬㣬šӣҲ㡭
Ϊͬ˵Щ
лͣסŲתͷһ㶣лȴˣ㺦ħ
û̻һЦЦ
£֮ѩ̫䣬ַ̧Լͷ˿쵽ᣬ㺮ġ
ٻʲôûʱʹʧһУ֮磬ɱ¾;鵤¶ȹꡣ
ûиĻᣬͽϡ
лŲ˵
òü˵ôø㶼˵ʲôжһ£
أ
лֻʣһ㶣л׷ʣֲ꣬Թ𣿡
Ѱ˾Щ£ƫȴʼѣǨŭԹǷǷǶֵг𱨳ԹԹ
ţһЦͬ㲻һš
˵ţתͷͥԺĿºͣһ·Ȼ಻õ£ңѦӵңʦϡҲǹһˡ֮£תͷڵƹ̧ͷƻᣬǹһˡ
⻰лűͻȻ׼Ϊʲô֮粻õԵʡ
ϸϸ룬ߣ˵߰ɣҪǰطģˡ
лŻ˷һ·һĬҲ⣬ֱɵϣлŻţڲֲԡ
ֱͷŴŵŴʵ꣬ɻлţ
ţ
лʻĿӦһ
ӣСʲô
лŶһ٣Ǿⲻöġ
ָ˴㡭Һ¡
Ҿ룬лŴ˭㣬ôġ
⻰˿бԴŴϲ˯ˡ
ʣֱʾͺãʲô
ˣ˵Ҹˡ粻ʡлֱԲ䣬ƽҲûʲôԹڣȴĪûЩ顣
һΪ󷽣Ӱ˵¶Ҳ˵Щ¶˵ġ
лŲţתϽ̬ʡ
ôµģ
ʹСһ£˵ţԭʥŮλȽ⣬ռԣ˵ǱϻϽ͵һֹܲ˵ڣҲܲܲˣڵģûǰ¶֪ﱻطһƭˣ޵𽹬޹ȥһֱãЩ꣬طµĸף£µĸǽڵĴС㣬Ϊλòѷѵĸף¸ĸ׹鹬󲻾ãĸ׾ȥˡĸ׷ͳѷ
ڶϻѧҲŹҶչطʵĸײϣΪ˲鷳Ҷ͵͵ȥӴһȥˡϻڶңʦʦ죬ϲ˶ʦ֣Ұ׷ġ֮Ҳ֪ϻ£뿪ǱȰ
Ȱʲô
ҡЦЦҪҲ븴ʦʦ㣬𽹬Ϊ£ΪһḴ㣬Ϊ𽹬
лųŴʣ˼ȥֺõ˭Ҫʵģ
Ѧӵأ
лѿڶ˲佩ס
лתͷ㣿
ûС
һҿлţһ̹ʲôģЩȥ¶Ǹ򡣡
ôʶģ
лûؾƹȥһ֪ʰš
Ϊͷۣɴſһ̾˿¶˵ˣѦӵأǰǸգС游游ҩĻȴһСƸֶҩ游һ᲻ͬƶ游ԽԽ棬游һ¶һ˶˺ֱܶ꣬ҩң常ѦȻĶҩ游
⻰лתͷЦ游ô꣬գƳһ游ⲻ˵ĶҩҩڷֳɣѦȻʵλȹ̣ɱѦӵ游󣬾׷ɱ游ûӦɱɾڻ飬һ·ӣ֮ʣպþȥҩҽҡ
Ȼأ
ȻҾ͸ҩڣӹүүװ֪游ô£ѦȻ֪ɱĴ̫󣬾ͷŹҾʹҩڡҽ¡
Ȼأ
Ȼ󡭡˵棬ЩȻβҸѧƶ̫Ư˰ɣҽҽžͺ˵һԣ͡µͶ·ľˣͣͲһˡ
Ϊûһ𣿡
лϿϲŭȴܿ죬ʵ𣺡͡ѧƶѧѧһ췢֡ϻµĶ˵ЩѣǼ֡
⻰лűˡ
ѦӵģƵĶ˺ϻףۻ궯ûģܺһ
Ҳܺһ𰡣Ǿͷֿˡ֪ºΣ游˵öԣѧƶԺתУȫȫ⵱򡣵ʱȥҩڳҽҪҪҩǿŶ굤ҩպҲºǣѶ굤͵˻һĿɳϷ˳
֮һֱҴ˵Ҫϻٺ֪Ҵ㸴ϻ˵ôˣ游һ࣬游һ٣;һˡ
ܽ˺С̧۴лš
лĻ룬ֻʣҪ굤ʲô
͡ӲͷƤסݳʬ
ʶʱŴûã
ԼҪϢˡ
ͻȻڣúлʲô̹ԶԣһŰֽ̹ϣ¶ɾͶˡ
ʿˮлţ˯ˡ
лû˵һϵߣӲѹȥ
̧ס˯˯ˣ˯ˡ
лŲ࣬ͷĴ
ûһ󣬻ĲӣЩίǹȥ¶ˣҲ̹״ӿˣ㻹ʲô
лץͷ¶ʺһҧȥû
ƭңҧûұ
⻰л̧һ˫ΪԼ
ЩãȻлֵ̧ĵϣľѣƳѦӵ̡֪
ǴȻ֪ˣھʲô
ûֿͺˡлŵ͵Ϳڣźд˼
Ҫụ̵ֿ֪̂ˡ
شʲôֻǿͥԺȥĵš
Ѧӵ
һѦӵں
Ѧӵ£Сϡ
ֻǵȵڶûϾȥѦӵ鷳Ҳա
˺ϻ£ܿ㴫˳ȥ֮ģ𽹬ʵϢ
ʻû죬𽹬ⳤϺһ˵Ҳ˸һɶ漴ʳΪһ±ڸش
Ϣ֪ʱѾ죬û죬Ѹ˸ϵ鷿
ڿηֹеѵܾӣ̧ͷȥһѵɫ֪Ϣ
˳ˡ
ѿڣҲֻ֣ʣôģ
մ𽹬ϢΪƺףͳ˳һˮƽȻó˳ע⣬Ͱ˸ˣ𽹬ʣһˣûѳ˳꣬Ͻȥ
⻰˼һϢȷϺȷϢ
鱱ţ̧ۿվһԵ鱱Ըõ׼ͬپۣգͬһȥ𽹬
鱱⻰ãѹżӦ£ת˳ȥ
ϻʱæµʱ𽹬ڣŴѪĽһһߵߡ
ƣߣַϡ
ٻõڷ͵ʹϢţûһһº͵£
תͷͿһߡֳȡɫº͵ꡣ
עŶԷЦħˣ


80 
Ѫû˵, תͷһȦĿ䵽ϣ¶ĴǴЦ, б
¿űѪû, ѪͷܲҪɣԹ˲ϾħѪȥˣѪſӣסΪˡ
ħѪϴ, ʮһλɽʿնɱ룬񹦸, ܵУ¶űѪ, 񲻹лźͻ, ħΪˣ
佱ѪߵһϣȻ, ϧˣز, طҶ۵ͷϣлţ
ѪЦҡͷǡ
Ȼأ
±Ѫ̧, Ϳ¶ϻ֮, ˭ı, ˭˵ڸ߲һ, ֪, Ϊ
û˵꣬ЦƣЦſ£¶в
²˵ת˲ǰ֪Ϊʲô꣬࿴һ𣿡
Ŀ䣬ѪЦۣ̫
㲻лɱ㣿
¼˵Ѫдζɱңлţɲ㣬ֻ֪лô
Ѫ¶ؿһ̣һ㶣ڣġ
֪
૳Ѫ˹·ֱͷ£ûʮİգ֣㰡̫û
⻰²ȭͷƺŬϢѪƬ̺û㹻ĳ룬ɾˡ
ûڶԹĻع֮С
꣬Ȼǰꡣ
֪˭ǳˣкħֵȴСûиһĻᡣ
ħ֣겼֣ⳡ壬ͷβĶ־Ͳ¡
ûӹʱûУʱûУҲûС
ֶη׷ϣУȴй֡
ȭͷ΢ңѪһתͷȥȻûУǱˡ
˵ţѪתᲽ⣬û˵ƿڣݳأ
ѪŲ΢٣عͿټ쿪ڣ֪ݳҲ𣿡
㡭
Ѿôͷ䣬ֻҪһϢ̻͵³ԼվôҪңҲ֪ˣ
αѪû˵Ƭ̺ЦҪʲô
㱣һ
¼Ѫӻ˼ԶѪҡҡͷһҪɱ㣬
Ѫ΢΢ͷһлţһġסлţܲɱͿıˡ
ɱ
ЦѪɫƶɱˡ
һأ
ɱѪЦǡҲǲ°
⻰һ㶣ЩǰˣѪ߻һСƿУҲݳ
յ¶ߣᡣ
˲ۣſѪ΢΢һЦǣԸңҲ԰㡣ҹΪһ㽫ҩ뷨֮УߵɽˮԼ׼
׼֮أ
¶
Ϊᡣ
Ѫ赭длš
²˵Сƿüͷ㵽Ҫʲô
޹ˡ
Ѫ˵ţֱӣСƿУ뿪һ˲䣬͵سֱ֣ϮѪߡ
죬ԷҲʮϣվһѴ䡣
ƽߵ棬㶿ŶԷ
忡ЦºͣϼûгֹᣬΨĿ˼䣬𣿡
ѣ¿ǰлһģһݣ͵طӦлţ
*** ***
𽹬ֱܵ㣬Ѵȡһ۹ϣһڵͼϵˣ˰طסȻ˾ˡȻҾҲܡ
֪
ŹվԱߣЩ֣Ҿܡ
㲻˽¿еĹϣмְġ
⻰ҷ׷׵ͷµĽҴСᡣ
ⶨ·ߣתͷԱ鱱鱱Ӷ֪ͨˣ
֪ͨˣ鱱ڣӶ׼ãиʹ߶ˣ˵ҪԮض𽹬𽹬аС
а
⻰Щɻ󣺡˭а
ڵ˵ģ鱱ߴЦڤɱţԼֻ𽹬±ضǶħΪа˵ö֮
⻰Щ˵Ǹÿ޻ǸЦ
룬ֻͦš
ʲô£ܱųһЩЩţ
ڡڡҩڡڡڣˡû˹˵ͻȻǹͻȻ˱ԣٹռн֮󣬻ʱ
̫̽ϵʾá
ͷҪ˵ʲôϾһ
˲ɫ죬лһֱڰŴ˵˿̼˶ڣôˣ
ħϴ˼ɣħȥ𽹬
⻰
϶°ȱˡ̳üͷħΪҪ¡
Ǿһɱ
ѴϺߵĻϿڡ
̧ۿԱ߻Ŀƶأ
ĬһЦȻ
պڵ˶ˣֻһ𽹬̫Сˣ˵ţתͼħλãȡѪֱħһѪħС
ʱ̨ѪѳԼħˡ
û˵۾
Ƭ̺󣬻ЦӦǣʱҾħˡ
˵ţתͷͼǾôˣձ·ҺͳšѴϻȥ𽹬ʦʦλϺȥħҡ
⡭
üͷǾôˣ᲻̫ðˣ
޷𽹬Ըصûж١
ߣΨһĶֻ֣ħ¡
һħ𽹬ô죿ЩǣͳŶ𽹬Ҫħħûˡ
ħһǡ
Ϻߣ⻰˶Щɻл̧˳ô֪Ķ
Ϸ˵㶫ͣģģȥĶ
ŻĻаȻ֪ʲôȻаգҲû
ҽְҪʵϸһȰ鶨Ѿ˰ҹȥϢԼл鷿
Ⱥ뿪ȷֻʣ˺󣬻ǰһϡ
ܰԱ˲ȷڡ
лţԾĵƻЩƣҺߵͷˡ
·ߵԤڵľͷЩãȻ
лĻվߵߡ
Ӱͷ㶿ǰɫƽˡ
ۡһڷͽ̣ӵо
䰵¹ˮһɫ·ˮһԵʥд˼͡
˾ʲôû˵Ƭַ̧̺αϣϡ
һƽȥ̲ס۾һҪġ
ˮûһ˱ŵ֮ϡ
ͼʼɢһأ¹Ե˵Ƥͨ͸ףϣͷǰꡣ
лš
̧֣ȥӵ
˳ڻС
ޱио˵Ĵڣôһ˲䣬ͻȻЩлŶµƫ
Ϊ¶ʵģоʵģûʲôܱظ֪
ңߡ
һһˢĽԡϴʱҲˡ
ϻķ£Ѱ飬лŴӷ߳ȥͿѡߵڵ
ҶϢúܺã߳һüһЦеӡ
߰ɡ
Žǰ˸󣬴һ·߳㳡
֮˺ͺϻѵڹ㳡վڸߴͷźϻлڹ㳡һ·ӡ
л·ٻ㳡ϵ飬еһ£ߺٹ
û˵㲻ϸȥꡣ
ͷգתͷˡ
ϻѾйʢ룬ȡָֽأڶ䡣
󼪣ϻϣϻǧ
˵գֶһЯƣ
ȷֹͣۻأأ㶿ա
Ƭ̺鱱ȹ£ߺϻϣϻǧ
鱱󣬵漴棬˳
ߵͷ죬Ŀ΢ɬЩ棬ڵϳ˳鱱ӣСڣʲô

鱱ɳƳãȻ鱱ţϻսǰգս֮
ǣϻѾδһսˡ
⻰̧ͷһθоϻйʢ
лָ̧һӣ侲̰ɡ
ǡ
ĻѦӵȥӷãۡ
ֹ֧ԮŵۣתͷһлţЦЦ߰ɣ
š
ǲǵһμֳ棿
лһֱڴܱߣЩЦлŵҲܻ䣬ͷǡ
콣Щ꣬ûʲôš
룬Щ棺ʲôо
л˼Ƭֻ̣Щ֡
͡Ц߰ɣȥֵġ


81 
˵, Ӷۣ۴ӵڶſл, ̧һ, 
лŽ𽹬жȥ
дһգŵӵ𽹬ϷԶԶȥͼ𽹬ԼѾҳһƬ, ĴɢɽŸ, ֻ𽹬Ļɽлţάϵڲдϡ
ӳЩʱ, 𽹬ӵ, ɱɱһλɽʿ𽹬һ, Ѿ𽹬ֻ
ۿ𽹬ٶ, ȵɽǰ鳹ͣ¡
鱱һȦͷ, , ƿɽ󡣡
⻰, л׼, 㱻ס֡

, ˿Ϳߴߺһ£
𽹬ûлӦ˾̧ͷæȥ
²Ӧɴγ
ѰУܱӿ｣һȳ£
һһĽݺײڽ֮ϣһ˲֮䣬ضɽҡѷ졣
һ˻ɽ˿ʵ˼졣
ϻϲǳ𽹬Ǿ£ս֮ˣ־־ɵԶЩ
һؽͿɿ£ÿһζǿҵײΪ֮
һڽֱ󣬻һ
ֻȻһ죬ɽһ˲ѿȥ
ɽ鿪ϵĵ̷£ͷһѣƻԸȥɽˣˡ
С
ѵûһȺɽȥ鱱˴ǰɽϽ
˵ǽʵûʲôֿһ˳ϸߴ鱱л󣬿𽹬ĵӻɱ򽵣ɫƽȣֱ
̨ףԸ鱱ֿĵӣлȥ
ͭ¯߽ţŵŨҵѪζ
ͣסӣ̧ͷ㿴д˷ģЩĶѪ棬ȥΪа
ˡ
µ洫˳ȥͼǰ֮£һŮӡ
ƽһһ£ͷһȾ˼̻ϣһֱĴȱ֮
ֻһ˫۾ޣݸ롣
˫ϥϺһ񽣣Ŀƽȣˡ
ңǲӦң
ȷϷú󣬻ᲽЦ߽
лſһЩģҲ˽ȥ
һ˷·ͽռ䣬һģһĴȴȻͬ
ǰһ֮µ¡
лǰȴɫƽߣڹ֮ϣһֳ°ͣһַϥͷռԭλõıѪ
ҡ
лŶŶԷ䵭ڡ
Ѫ΢΢һЦҡҡ̧ʳָϣҲֻУϾˣˮһ
˵ţѪϳһͭƱֳ̧лһƱתлűƾճһѹ⽣Ʊ͵롣
Ʊ䵽棬Ѫ΢΢ͷǾƲԣҪԷˣ
һ߿ܣǰװģ
ðա
Ѫ̾˿ҪϾֻõǳֶˡ
˵ţָ̧ȼһɫģѪɵķĵ·һ㣬ζڷֽ֮ϡ
ȥ
ѪһͺȣɫĴָѳԾը˷֮ϣлűоܱ
ͻȻ仯Ƶ˲ΪһƬлɫὣں档
ҰѶ뺣ˡ
ѪЦϾδˮһսɣ
˵ţˮ֮£ˮ˷ڶлһݣ滯˪ˮߴӺˮ֮һԾлһűѩ֮ɨȥ
ˮڱ˪˲ȻͣٲƬ̣͵ըɢȥֱϮлţ
лźὣһתڶһִֻӺˮ֮̽һקסлŵĽףקƺҪ
лһԷɫѪҺɽܱƿնһſצӺˮ֮һԾϮ
˼צ°Ȼķˮбǰ
лŽɫ𣬱Χм䣬ЩˣԶ̨֮꣬Է翴Ϸһ㣬ôϾͣ
ˣ
лűѪ°ͣǲˣûʲôϵеĵˣɲƾճ֡
лŲֻزһֻһֻ
Զ˸ңңǰʼһЩ档
һμݳ˳ȥתܣлţҵĺѣݳ
ݳͻİСڵƻ𳤽֣
ǳɻ鵱գݳڿϯŻ񣬿̡
Ļǻþ֮лߵĹ֮ʱǿű̺顣
˸Ӱ˵ǣһնɱŲˣǱ֯ӰĻ棬ͬʱͣ̽ѰԴ
ǿܣҲܺͱ峹жϵֻǶڸֶԣϵü΢Բ
ڷӵĻУ׽һ΢
һֱɨһܱߣɴһܱߣУ𽣾ؿڡ
Ľ­֮ϣɫΧס㻯⽣һ⽣ܱնɱȥ
һʱ֮䣬⽣ɱһ𣬺澪𣬻һƬʺ졣
лű۾Уϸֱܱ

ŬѰš
ɱһûмֵҪҵѪı塪
*** ***
л̤ʧǰ⡣
ռ󷨣ſڱѾֻ˭Ҳͣġ
߽Ŷǰ£ַ̧ڽϣд˼ֲ⣺ΪҪôܣҪô𽹬ʯ٣û뵽ҹԼͰ𽹬ˡ
ܣܵȥ
¶ѵҪһڹһͷԻţ
ҲøԼ·
Ǹ𣿡
΢΢ʯ٣µʱֻҪԣһͱģǡ罫Ϊңñǡ
û˵ǰŮӡ
þãźҼǵ㵱겻
ҵʲô
䵭ƺĵԼڻеĽɫ
룬ֻ꣬һѧġ
һѧ
⻰ЦұᶨŬɽأԶѹһͷҲ߲ݲɶҷʳϰȴһѧ˵ĽҷѾĻԪӤȴѾɸߵǻƾʲô
·ŹվŻƾʲôô׾پ͹ϱΪ츳Ϊⲻƽ
ȷֻͬԣҲˤô
ĽЦϴ˼񣬡ȻŬ׷㣬Ҿ߽ݾĽݾԼĽݾһһ޽ôܼһϥֺ˵ӣ
ϲ
Σ¶ϲϲúܡҸϲһ¡
˵ţ̧ν
νԾѰ֮ϡ
Ӯ㣡


82 
˵, ˲ʧٳʱѾ϶, ͵ȥ
׼, һ˲䣬͵ذνֱֱӭµĽ˷ֺײһ
˽ߵĶǿ·ӣѽɱһ, 𿪣á
ܱߵضɽҡ, ͨʿͣ׷Զȥ
ɽʿƴȫһս, ܱǾ֮֡
һӿԼĽ, һýºɫϢŻӿȥ
ܵµġǰ죬̾
ɽڵĽսͬÿһɽ, տռõķ
ÿɽڶӵһ򡱣ǽԷԼ֮УǾͶԷڽԼԿƵĿռ, ɿռ׸
ûκһɽڻױ˴ͬҲûһɽڣԷԼ
ʴ, ԥ, ҲԼŵ, ͬײһ
ʵ˵û, ұߡ
µĽĽһ, һ󱬿ûθۡ
оÿһγײһξҵײ
۲ŶԷ飬ԷҲܣƺЩʹתĳֶݡ
һսҵ̫ˡ
½ϺⱩǣӹĻ֮Զһӣ
ȻԷ죬ѾȫŵĽ㳯ӭϷ󿪣ͻԺһȻԷǿһͿµڶת¡
̧ӲӲ£ǿ
ȥݿࡣ
𽹬ڿ֮һ㱻ը
ʯɢƶ˵ƤܱѪҺڵ棬±ƽ˵츳ף֮ǾͿǲڡrҷų
䣬ٴһݺݻѵһųrһս
һϮǵأƾӿ
ӭ˲ۡǳĶžƵԼʦŷ
޵Ļ󷨣ɶԷΪ֮ԷĹΪá
˿ŷľΪżҪǣڼŭ
ĻƣһһӲӲµĳ
ĻƵŷˮǧ
½ǵķԼĽϣһһչڻǰۣҧغԺһ
𰡣
ߺȳʦʦ㶼ɱģ
ɱ˶ѣ֪ڼŭԼҧЦطڤҲɱģ𽹬ֶˣֱҺö٣
⻰һʱ֮䣬ǣȥ
˵ţ͵ؼӿ죬˰㴭Ϣʱ䣬ٶȲûӰÿһɽ£һҪѰնϵơ
󷨲ལ⣬ȴʮַӡ
ǴٵķԼҽ⣬ϻĴϣ˵ࡣ
˽ཻûκһò֣һ٣һϵ¿֡һͱؿڣӭµĽȥ
һδαԷڵ棬һδ˿ڷս
Թһ̳ױƻصٻںϻѧյʱ⣬ֻһΣȵκһζҪƴȫġ
´ݱлźͱѪȴԭء
ƲлŵĽлҲɱˡ
Ѫڸ̨Ž֮елţĿ̨Ͼ𣿡
лŲӦѪһ̾ǿϧĽһأȴ޷źϾϳǲǲܳ
лû˵ܱϸɢ
Ȼ˵ĸʱ޿̲ӰǷ·ǿʲôһһ鷴йݳĹϸڣѹŵǸˮϣǳչʾ
ܳǱضΪΪ˰뿪֮磬һΪһͨɽٽޣϧڣֻΪߣ˸жѡǣ㸶ô࣬ûʲôҪ𣿡
Ѫ˵ţлŽˮһȦһȦɢ
ǰһҹ꽻ɫڡ
̺ҡβż۾ճտĿɢûн࣬·͸ڿʲô
һȦһȦƶϣͻһ
ԷĿϣ˲ۣȴ㵵顣
˱֯ģģ£㲻Ļþ
亹лŶͷ£ǧͬɫУֳڱѪһơ
лš
Ѫǰʾ»δ㡣
ҵˣ
л͵۾ϳǣűѪһ£
ὣ˲䣬ǧ⽣϶ƺƵ붨뺣У˱⽣׷׶뺣Уοȣ˲ϢڱѪǰ
Ѫɫһݣˮ˷Хлˮ
ˮ뽣ײһлŽֱֱѪؿڣѪһˣҲɲǣռǰҷ·ǳĸлţӲͬǶȴѪ
ĸǶǱѪп򣬶ĸǶȵĽǿûκ
Ҳ˵ĽǷ/ǻ˿ռ䣬ƿʱƣȶԷǰ˲ϢδԼǰڶԷؾ֮·ϣ
֮ñѪ΢΢ۣҲƬ̣İѽһѪ֮Уĸ˺ΪһлŴĶ֮ϣѪҪ˵ʲô漴о⽣֮ϣһɹ᳹Ľ͵ر
ѪǴ֮бҲһӰ׷ĻǶȥ
⽣ƿռХħ֮ڣһԭ۳˯͵۾
Ȼ˲䣬һѹ⽣Ѻ俪ǽֱϮǰֻüһƻȥ⽣ȴǰķ⣬͵عᴩ
ĳǧﴫлŵĿռ䣬лű͵һ𣬱ײɳȥڴ֮ϣ漴뺣ˮ֮С
ŵѪ֮һһȫ˻֮һ䣬ҲɴͷһӣԽ⳯˿ɱȥ
лźɱѷ֣Ҳһ
ܱ߸ɽƽأɢӿ··ȫƣһ㣬ÿһжǽ߾ȫ
rų
˻ţҪңǰ㿴㻹𣿣
߸һԾ׶£Żݺ¡
һӣȻֱӺɣ漴ὣۿһҪնͷ޿ɱܣʱһУǰݺһˣ򵥵ƣ͵ؽԷ䡣
¼ýȫȻˣҲûаֱһ̣Ľݺײײ֮ϣͬʱ˫ֳŽ£ӻ͵عᴩš
ʹд˶ϢţѪӽڵ档
ҡɳƳӮˡ
ΪǰĻԼĽļϣʮͻ֣ǰݺݻһ̵ĳɢȥ
ȾѪ֣ҪͷڡΪڤ󡭡Ϊס
ˡ
Ϣţ΢΢̧ͷͷңǸޡ
⻰˲䣬͵۾Ҳһɲ½Ϊģܱʮʮ󣬷âÿ֮УվһһֳֽһĴָָۡʳָָಢڴ䡣
֮˷ʮͬһ㳯ĵϵ¸ȥ
µҪѣȻǰĻȴһ˲ڵ淨ϣԭء
꣬ѧ˺ܶࡣ
˷ĴԴͿŽӰǰ
ɫƣѪҲǵ˼ޡ

¼žҪȥȻŲס֫ѰӻֱֶӹᴩµĽ𵤣
ͫ׼֪ը
ʹδȫӦ֮УѰ飬ʶԪӤ˲佫ԪӤɿ顣
ԪӤѣʿǼµĥʹ
ʶ˼䡣
£ɫ䣺ƽúܡ
˵ţѰ齣ƿ½𵤣泹ûᴩ֮תط档
ڽٴϮؿɲǣͷ͵
һڤϢϱŻ㼱Ϯ
̺ˣۿźҪᴩ壬ǰͻȻ𶯣һϮȾѪٿسǰڤķһݺݻ¡
ǽĽڤһײһõһ
㶣ŷӦˡ
лţ
лûӦŽ΢΢ƺҲǸովһս
ܿ췴Ӧʲôһѷסлš
ֻܱ֮߰л΢΢Ϣ֮
СǶλʿ˵ȴʮ
Ƭ̺ͷѿȥ׹ء
㶿ŵƬǾò˼顣
˾Ĭţþãૣڤ󣿡
˵ţ֣ϵ
µ̬ȷԪӤ֮˿תͷлţû°ɣ
лҡҡͷ´˻һȦ̵ˣϢһ¾ͺá
⻰лŲŷĵͷֻҵħˣħ
⻰һ㶣л̧ۿƽҸղӦûʱסڸϽ˹ȥù̽ΪˣȻҵնݳ
̽Ƕޣ޸ٿ첻
㡭
Ҫ졣
лżԥ̧ۿ̴ߴ٣Ұ㿴ţ鱱Ϲ̶
⻰ɫԶ֪ŵΪ׵˵ͷã͹ȥ
˵ţܱߴϴ
һܱߣͼ鱱С
ӽΧסҲֻǴڵ棬Щ벻ס
һܱߣħôڵţлסħ塭
ɲס
ҲûжԥתͷԸˣչ˺پѺΣȥħ
ǡ
鱱ڡ
ϵϺߣ˴󣬱𽹬뿪
ȻʧԭأлŲŻͷ¡
ʧ˻ֻ꣬ͷŬ˵ƴһ
лſƬ̣ƽ߰ɡ
˵꣬ŽתȻû˿ڣ˵ΪʲôҪ
лŶסӣµૣûʲôøģˣʲô
лû˵˵һΣȴЩڤ

룬ƽڣ㣬Ҫʲô
𣿡
ЦɵڣΪ˸Ůˣ˵ţŤͷлţˮŮ˻̫ɵˡ
лŲ˵µĻоָ
֪ΪʲôԼԺзǷڶ뺣бѪʣӰĶ
֪Լ˿ӦܵӰ죬Ӧ뿪ֱ˵ʲôʲôǾĬ
³Լվߵлǰ
лţĿϾ֮Ǹ˵𣿡
лû˵̧ۣ¿ɫЦûȥ
֪˭
л侲ڣ¿ֻ𣿡˵ţЦǺܿͻˣҲ͸ˡ
⻰л̧ۣĿ䡣
סҵĻ˿ƷƷϾ׼
˵꣬͵һƻڵ档
һ˲֮䣬̽ڣ޴󷨺Ȼлһݣԥ˲뷨
ƳƬ̣Хųȥ塣
лɫĮоĽǰ¡
¿űֵлţ˱ǿٳɡ
߻
Цû䡣
ɱҸɱĸ𽹬һٺϻˣұ㺦ˡڤлš
˻һ߸ʬлš
ԺлصǱѪĻ
󵽵ʲôã
ûʲôãֻΪ׵׶ѡ

лŶѪЦǣԸ𣿡
˵ţ꿿ߣȥ֮ǸˣƷƷݳ
ݳͲҪлˡ
Ը
ұҪ㣬ú


83 
˵, алһӿϣĽа˲, ֶܱаɨһա
лŷһ˲ը, Ľ, , ֳֽ, ̧ۣΡ
ͷϣȫݽߵͬʯһ㣬һ˫۾ƶ飬лš
Ա˳ǰ, 鱱һѷסл, ŵپ㻹ðɣ
޷л䵭, һЩrаѡ
ǡ
Ľr, ް
˵ţлƿ鱱ߵǰ
ѾߵͷѴϢš
лŴ, ƽ
⻰, , һĵͺ, Ѿ޷ʹ, Ӷ˵
̬л̧֣Ѫϸ䵽лС
лûдѪ·ǿʲôණˮ߱ϲ룬ߵˣԸϧϣûνĵˡ
˵ţлŽϴõѪݸ鱱
תͷ£ͷ۾
úܺã㣬䣬ҲѾעôªȥ
¿ŶԷƽ˫һʱЩȷ

ƴ뽫࣬ûʹʧ˶ħ
Ĳħ
ħһУʲô壿
Ǻúõģ
ڣΪħźúõģ
һʱЩңлſɫ
ߴ磬Ȼʲôס
ٵһˣ򵥲
Ӹ߸ӿֻһ䣺󡣡
˵꣬ὣת
仰֮ͻȻʶԼ˿̵ģżУ뷨һƴ˺ԼڵϵѪ⣬˴
˳ªС
Ӧǿʿ䣬䣬
Ѫⱻǿ˺Ҳ֮ݽߣһƬ󡱡ġУ֣ǰȥ
Զһ꣬Ţﳯһ
ˡ
ڤ
ǰһλӰûںڰ֡
Ⱦҡ
ߡ
ڤ
µϢɢϿһۣЩǳپҪģû¶ɡ
޷
лſŵrаûлͷֱǰ
лţ
Ա߱㴫ѵѴϢţСܵлǰܣɽǱܵҶסˣʲôأ
ȥħˣͬ鱱ϴѪȥ
лƽԸ
һ㶣Һ鱱ϣأ
Ϊа֣лɫ˼ƣȥҲۣȥɡ
Ŷ
⻰ѷӦ˵ͷֶѯ䣺ϵа
ĽrˣлĽͣް
Ǿͺá
ѷ㰢ȹȥԼȥûɣ
š
˵ţлűѾƿռ䣬ʧǰ
Ͽⳡ룬תͷѣضҾǲԼȽʵЩ
ѱôһ˵һⲻǺ߰ɣħء
̧鱱ϵħȥ
ʱħѾҳһƬ۾ڷеϢ̽Ϊ޸
ûƬ̣߱˻һѪ㱨ƿˡ
Ӧһоָ˿ڴȬ۾
ѦӵߵԱߣӦ𣿡
š
վŽǰ߰ɡ
˵ţħڹȥ
ǰ˿߹ɱĳȣһ·ǰ
ߵԺԶ˱֪ĽĽ⣬һ⽣Ժݶӹ⽣һ͸磬ԺзţһӡϹŶڴ˴
ͣסӣѦӵתͷɻ
һ˽ȥ
˶Щ죬üͷһȥǡ
޷
Ჽǰ̤֮УѾˡ
⻰ѦӵĿ΢סĺߣȥɡ
߽磬ûһ磬Ʊգľݽߣѻ֦ͣͷȥһƬ
ڹŵĻ֮£»ƽߣڴϣͷʲô
ߵߣתͷȥڻһ
ϻӵ϶Ϊһ֮£Ƕ뺣ԣͷɫȫ
аħ˺ʣ۲֪
涼ɫȥʮֹ졣
ŻûгһѪؿڻϺϻŮĲ֡
궯һ٣ЩΣôأ
ʱˣĿеϣħ
ʱ򣿡Ѫ룬ʲôʱ򣿡
ͷʱ򡣡
ѡ
ѪЦһ룬±º͵ɡ
˵ţѪתУӴ̨ԼһԾűѪ߽С
ѪߵϣѾòߣѪк
ĻߵǰѪ棬ƽȣұΪˣӦ򣬲档
лһˡ
ڣ裺ҵһ̾ͺá
ôͣ
ħʲô֪ҿԴͬм⣬ҲħΪҽ󡣡
ѪԣƬ̧̺ۣһʱ䡣һָҿ㡣
˵ţѪˮϻ¯
¯С¯º𣬱ѪʲôҪʣʰɣ
ǰ֮ͬӦǲ㣿
ѯʣתͷԷ
ѪЦڣȻǡ
֮磬ųr飬ɱлͤҺлͤӡr֮ʱЭrһΪӳ
ǡ
һrؾһr

Ϊʲô
Ѿǿ֮ˣʲôִҪrɣ
⻰ѪתͷȥɪͥԺһ룬ֻʣãиߵ͹֮𣿡
û뵽ѪͻȻ⣬һ㶣Ƭֻ̣Ҳ֪
Ϊ˵֪أ
иߵ͹Ĳ̡ʵʵ˵һ⣬˵޸ߵ͹֣֮ʳţݣôǸߵ͹
ǰϻˮʼ֣ѪƽͣѪΪɽӣ˫ۻʼ㶨¹򣬻ϢϣƫˣԷ֮ףϣֵʿ
ţѪϴЦʿ߹һʿԴΪһǧ򱶲ֹ̰޾㿴ĸףͥħޣƽ뺣ĸ״ºϻΰҵɱۣȴ裬з֮
ʶҸĸ
üѪЦұϾô꣬üĶ
㵽ʲôˣǰͻȻ֣˵ɢޣһѪսڣʮλɽʿǶħʲôʱ
Ѫûлش΢΢Цţһû˵أ˵㸸ĸҡлšЩʿлŵıҪǲڣѪЦϣ񲻸ɾ
֮磬r֣֮
ͼѪҡͷⲻǻ𣬡̧ۣ˵棬
֮ЩаħΪֱʿö٣
Ǳаһ̶ȣ֡ʱʿ𾡣аﱻϣֺúõ𣿡
ֹ֪ʿ
룬Ѫش𣬡ҳڴԭ򡣡
һ㶣ǰˣ·һӡ
Ѫ°ͣʵľЩ
ǣ˼ѿڣ㵱߲꣬ͨϻңͼʲô
㲻ǲµ𣿡
ˮţѪĸײrһֱ谭ңǿڣҶʼĸ󻼡Ȼֻĸ׶ѣǣû뵽ѪЦлŻ
⻰Ŀ΢ȭͷ
ӡr֮ƺĽлĽˣƵĵһˣͬʱߵķӡõһr飬޷ʹãҪԸһѪҲܴߵķӡպҲҪɱĸףǱһѺϻ˺ˡ
˵ţѪ̽Ż촽΢ϻܱ˶ˣֻ㣬Ҫһ˻ϻ㻤ס𣿡
˵ۿ΢죬Ѫ϶ڣ㻤ס
Ψһİ취ҡҾͿ˳¶Ҫ󣬡Ѫָ̧֣ڻؿڣԻٽ𵤣ԶϽһѪң㱣סϻ
Щ·ӵ
ôѪ֮Уô֮ʶϻᱻ׹Ϸ֣ʣĵӻ
ħΨһĻᣬײײȥ
Ц赭дʣ˭ţñסϻôס
ҿԻٽ𵤣ԶϽԾǰ̡
⣬ɫףħʩԮ֡
Ұ㣬ܵõʲô
ħҪʲô
Էû˵þĬ󣬶ԷĿƺ͸ı̺֮ϡ
˺þãŻҪѪ
⻰һ㶣ģҪԸһѪ˽ҿ԰㱣סϻԸ𣿡
Ը
ûѡ
ֻʿģѪʮһΣһꡣ
ǰŻƽߵ꣬ĿºͣлһĴۡûкϻ㸲ʦʦ㣬Ѫһһ䣬˵üΪ棬лŶ
˵ۿﻬ
Ѫ㶼µˣ𣿡
ôȭͷԼ侲ѯʣѾһѪӦÿԽ⿪r飬꣬Ϊʲôʲôû
ˡ
Ѫɫ΢䣺ȥ硣
⻰̧ۣѪɫ䵭лɱ꣬ұаħġ
ˡ
ţ֪˽ͻȻЩЦǰˣδôľãöԣлöԡ
뿪лţл޵ĽһʽϢֹⳡƽ١
Цˣӵr飬ȴҲʲôˣлţ㺦Ľһ䵽Լͷϣֻ֮һܻȻע
յǰ
ѪĿƽºͿڣʵˣΪһɡ
˵ţ̧֣ؿڣ֪Щ꣬ΪʲôΪԽߣԽ𣿡
ѪƺѾ֪ȫ㡣
Цҡ
ʮһλѪؾѪУΪԽߣжԽһ꣬ңҩɽ⡣
ѦӵĶ
Ѫ⣬ɫƽôģ
⻰Ŀ΢Ƭ̺ش𣺡
ѰĶڱѪĸ֮ϣĶҩ븶صĴۡ
ǰ֪ң
Ҳɵӡ
Ѫûжԣ۾þãЦĿ˼᣺֪ϲʲô𣿡
˵ţ֣ϣϲģȫͷ龡ҲҪݺҧ϶Էһֺݾ
˵һһؿڣѪ˿Ѫ·ûκθо˵ţҵȷһˡ
ϧڻߣֻǲһ㡣
ϣס
ѪȥлŰɡ
Ϊ뿪֮һ𡪡
Ѫ΢ЦţϷ·Ǵһƣעˡ
ɲ͵ࡣ
Ѫɽڻϣ̧ۣĿȴ쳣侲
ҵӮֲۡ


84 
ħʱ, лѾ˺ϻ
ǧ׷ɱħһķȻ󲿷аնɱһֽ塣
ǷڵȻ, , һа, Ҳ׸ǡ
ҴҸϻعУϻ˶ѳսֻһЩ۵άϵתص, ·̧һָĽǰ
⽣ԥնɱȥ, , , Ľ׷ɱrа
⽣ڽĴܣʹѰ˸ܣȻɫ, ֻƽ, Էֹаʴʶ
ȻˣԺлǲѵϾ֮Ǹ˵𣿡

ݳ
һԺ, ϴߴȥ, ȥ֮¿
ΪʲôҪȥ
ݳ׳ʲôģ
ʲôأ
ܱƺտаЦš
ǰ, ̺ȡ, ˵Ҫ, ӦҪ, Ҫӣʲôأ
аħߡ
ŶΪ֪ƭ㣬ѣϸؿǿôģҲħĹϵ
˵Ҫδָװˡôѽ
Ľ͵ؽаնȻаһΪȴԽԽࡣ
ǵͱôܲԹޣôΪﻹˡ¸ˣһ㰮Ҫȫȫ⣬ôͲأ
Ϊƭѽ
һشЦ
ҲƭһˣٶƭΣкη

л͵ۣ𿪣̧սܱ͵һ䣬а˲ɢᴭϢš
迴⡣
а·ǱϽȻûƬ̣һֻͻȻץס½
ͷȥץӣͷ
ȥ
Ͼǳ˵ںȥ
ȥ
һִֻֻӵ
лžĬܱߣ֪ⲻrаħ
ħնִĲЩаԶ޷ն
ὣϵĹ˲õֱǰУһ·Ժӡ
ԶͿĺ棬ԼоƺһŮվͷעű档
סӣ֪˻þ
Ӧħܳ
ԷƺĽŲ̧ͷ
ĿЩ죬㶿񣬺͵һμʱһ
𾪡
ĬӰа޶þָʲô
Žߵ棬ŮԣͶԷһʹźµˡ
µıסòֻܿһӰ˫ֱǰƺ˯üΪ
򿪰ɡ
ԱŮڣлתŮӲĿ⣬Ҳתͷ
ҵˡ
ڵʲô
ڵ
˵ţŮסĽ档
лŲԣָڱ棬ơ
֪Ϊʲôһ˲ЩĻˣаħ̽ͷ̽ԣԱŮӽץĽ
ҪˣŮЦǾͿһֱˡ
ˡ
˿־֮뽫һһն
л΢΢һһƿ档
ѷԽԽϵıһһ鿪ڻ
аȲ̽ͷűԽԽò
üۣıǼ⣬Ĵ
˯ţѾߣһлżȻͬº͡
л㶿űºԼһģһݣĽűһ㡣
һ˲䣬䷭ӿһʾ·Ԥס
ǰĽ
֪ôƴΪ˭𣿹㣡ҲңԶòΪò
ŮɽϣŮɽʥŮĻ
ˣܣֻѣվ㡣
ħϯϣѪǶǵ
ݳΨһڻˣûûиңͷβģڰ
¡
ܿͻˣҲ͸ˡ
ƷƷ

л΢΢ǰԼһģһˣ΢΢Ϣ
ʲôƷ
˭Ʒ˭˭Ʒ
ذܵΪҰΪԼܡ
ǻأ꣬һ飬ôΪѾѪԾ֮磬Ϊģл
ɻһҲһɲ֮£Ǹ˯꣬͵۾
а˲лڣ·ҵһͻƿڣ˲ӿʶ
Ӧֻʶһ˲ռ죬
ƭĻ𣿡
Ҫϲ㣬ôô׷°Ľ궼ȴ׾㣬ϲ𣿡
Ķʲôһ鰡ǿˡ
ԣԣ
ҡҡͷһͼԼ˼һЩ
ݳˣѡԼòԱ𣬵ʶʱһֱߣԼģģ
˵ģϲлţƭ
Ѫ׼ͼrаʴһһΪаɡ
ЩǼٻľ֣š
ŬԼԼ侲ȻܱЦԽԽ󣬷·ڳˡ
㻹Ȼʣǵѽأ
ֻǸƷأ
ֻǸƷݳ⣬ô뿪һ꣬ټϡ
ֻǸƷʲôϣ㣬Լ·ϣûͷʲôҲӲΡ
סڣ
˵ϲ㣿˵ΪΪȡ±̺飿
ƭģɵӣƭ㣬ΪħõѪܸݳ
죡
ݳЦҲҪлˡ
ţһУзϣҪ

ƲסԼ̧һԱߺȥ
Ȼа޷նԽԽࡣ
Ҫ
ɱݳаħܱߣ̽ӣԱߣͳ׵׵õ
⻰лһ㶡
аħͷߣգƷģӣǾ
ǰ𣿰㣬ɱݳΣ
Ľ죬лŻͷµǸˡ
Էű棬һģһݣĿȴ쳣ƽͣ
ɱ
ƶϣɣĽ͵ؾٽű͵˹ȥ
ӱϺݺݳߵķȻţͽײһ𣬷졣
ϻϢԽ񣬵ڶ£
¡ѿһȴţ
˵ţ͵ؾסĽУлųһʣӻæ߷Žȥæţ֣ͣ
лŲһ˫ͨһ㹥ˡ
ӡ
ϳɲ֪Ϊʲô֣ͣ۾ֻһ¡
ɱɱݳ
˺ͬ͸
Ľ죬ǸոմսߣȴҲڽѹӡ
𾪿ǰһͷ˵Ұһ꣬д󺧣ħһ̡
Ȼ֪ҪʲôףһɣлҲͳ׻ˡ
ֹлǰܱ߱һѣϻӻæɽʿǸǰ
һ޴ıˮУȴ˷ӿˮǸˡ
âڶԷţˮһ㸡ˮ档
Ǹ˴ˮглŶԽ죬Ӵȳÿ
Ӳ࣬оɲʶͷڿˮ֮˲䣬ɵһ㶡
ҲɲɣлŽ͵ؽ俪һԾ𣬾ٽݳ˹ȥ
˯֮˲ֻ˸صܣۼлųҪݳ­ȴݳǰ͵رлͫ׽Ѹټ˿ȥȴǱڸ䣬ɵԶ
˲ᣬӰݳǰлһѪŻֳֽ̧棬Ϊڱ滮һۣղǿͣ
һֳֽϥڱϣѪδɣ˫Ѫ죬ơ
ǰסǰлţһʱЩ֪롣
лſǰˣݳǰԷ׹⻷ƣʥ
·ֻصֻܸңңԶʱǿ̵ľ
ֹ
ǰǴʼҡεı̺飬վڱ꣬Ĺȥӵв˵δ
ƾʲô
ƾʲô˵ŰȴҪһǰ
ÿ
սŻ˻Ƴ
Ҳһ̣󻪹ʶͷͿڰյˣ۾
͵һµĺ棬ӳݣһĪ˵䣬ƲĿ⡣
֡
̿һ˲ӿлŵģһǰȥ


һȫŻݳݺȥ
Ӽ״æֽ̧ӡӵķͻķͬʱ𣬻ĽӵķĹקסݺȥ
ڷпݳڻͷ
ݳῪڣһˡ
һ˲֮䣬ʲôʲô·ֻص֮һ˵ꡣ
ѩѪΨһɫʹΨһĸ֪
־彫ûþȫķȥ˻


85 
һº޸, ؿ
ͱѩķӴѣ
˲ͷǵطѩӭ, ݳ˲䱻, ǱԵش򿪷󣬲ǿסǰıѩ
ˣʲô壬ֻȳߡ

ݳ, ԱȴϽס, £߰ɡ
˵ţݳ, Աһ, ȥ
ݳԶ˲, ѩ͵ر޴ĳ͵ػ黨ķ󣬻ݺ, ײϡ
δӦ, 缱, Ľ͵صǰ, һ̧ͷ, ͿǰѪɫ˫
ս΢΢ѪȾ, ƺʲô, ɳƿڣΪɱҡ
ûɱ, ʺѪ, ķҳ壬Զӳ˸ƣӵ˼תлţֻֻ㡣
ߡ
Ҳ
붯л͵ؽѹϡ
ĲѪٶлŴսЩãȻϲл𣿡
㡭һ⣬⣬Ѿشܶ飬ͬ⣬Ϊʲôʹȥ
˹ȥлžֻʲôأ
⻰ûһ㶣лૣȥƭҡ˵ϲ֮磬˵߾ߣ˵˵¾ͷ¡ȴ˵ϲ
ϲʲô
лſ̲סЦ𣿡
û·Ϣҡ塣
ʹŵлżٴϢһϣȳ˵
⵽˭лݳң
㡭ѳ㡭
ǲɱлżǰƾʲôҵϲǲǣȤľګһһ벻֮磬Ҷ㲻ãûᣬϲˣҪߡ
û˵꣬󷨽ɣ̧һƺݺݻлŸ䣬л˺ɿȥۣ˱޴䵽֮С
һ˲֮䣬ĳ壬𣬾ɲǣ͵سȥһ뻳С
ůȻϮ˽סӵסͺߵģ
лԭأʶЩѡ
а޷Ŵܼ֮пܣϧ͸ıһЩ䡣
˵Ǹ˵ϲңڳɻ鵱뿪㵽һ̣ûҰϣҲߵġû㡣
аѹƽӵš
лţɳƿڣϲ㣬ôˣ
㡭лԺ૿ڣϲҡ
ЩлźƺҪ˵ʲôȻӷӡɣ󷨹âл˲·żʹࡣ
ڷбȹâɢл˷·һ㣬ͷĻС
þŴƬ̧̣ͷӣѪȥѵϣô£
Ȱһƨڱ棬ϢŵֻʱѹƣҪаҪһʱ䡣
⻰˻ͷƣȥعɡ
˵ţٻѾԹлţһ˵عҡ
һӡ򿪷ӡлŷм䡣
̿ʼ󣬻һߣϣӲ󣬼ѵô
ҳšҧԼѪд·ģ˩лϡ
ľٶ̲סҪ𣿡
Էһ
֣أ⣬Ѿݽߣǲпɳ֮ȫʢʱڣҲδס
⣿һ㶣ɵÿлţʲôʣ
Ǵ
û̻Ҳûڣʵлȥɱ£Ȼغϻȥħɱħлų£˻
⻰Ӷһ٣عͷһüɱ˱ѪűѪʮǿһɽʿϱ㡭
û˵˼û̫ˣȫȻһλո붥ֽսģ
о綾лһĽͣҹȥֻǲһѡ
⻰׹Щɻ󣺡ô֪Σգ
ħҵģɫأˣӦ֪콣ڶʧһrϡ
û뵽ֱ˵£㶺󣬵ͷǣҲ˺Ųһͻҵ
һr飬ʵħϡұǴɱһr飬ɱ֮ȴ֣rû¡ħ֮ǰң˵֮ƾģõr֮󣬱һѪrӡȥ磬֮磬аħ磬û뵽лžȻɱꡣ
磿
ʮֲ죺ǡôûͬ˵
ڰлҲδ֪˼ţܽӣ类ļƻ𡣵֮ǰߣû䣬лΪ뿪֮ҺлžעˣҸϽȥлšûr飬ұлš
˵ţ̧ͷϿףΪ˵лų֮磬עˣ
û˵΢΢üϣħǸˣĿƺڳ֮ϣ͵r飬Ļһ磬ǵϢֲǡ
Ҳ˵ЩΣֻǡһʱ֪ô˵
Ǿʹлŵ˵
ӣʲôʣ
ţͷڵ棬Щأ֮塣
ν֮壿
֮壬˵壬Ҳ˵Ǿ޽ԲѴ֮˽һľ磬ͬģҲrаѵļ塣
⻰һ㶣ţѰ˱rԼٻӦʣɳŲһrЩħԣûκϰģԼٻԸԸ⣬Ƕʱ壬ںϡ
ǡЩ벻ף֮ٶ꣬ôúôŵģ
а֮أӦ֮硣
Ľڻ
̾˿һĽ춯ͤռ֮أȥҡҵʱűаħɱһӤѩȴԾɱһ˿֮ҽţصŵգĽֱӽںϡԽͤΪĽһλˡ
ԣǼаħʴ֮壬ǻΪĽ
׹ӵͷѡĽѡȻױаħţһʵǼᶨĽ壬Ǿr飬Ҳܽ
⻰ʶڣĲħأ
ô̧ۣŻΪ࣬ϣr
סӴκƫִаħɳ֮û´ħ˼űǣӳ֮翪ʼ
עħ
Ŀ꣬һʼлš
֮ǰٿڣлŶ֪꣬лŵңҵնȥû뵽ȴת֮硣
תһ֮΢ֻҪԼڳ˵֣֮Ҳ֪žʲôɻ̧ۣ˼ֿƿŲ
˵㶿ڷ֮б˩סлš
֪
֮統£˾һˡ
Ǳˣʲôԭ
Ϊ
һһߵ졣
ɱ壬Ϊ˽ɱˡ
ȥΪ˽ݺȥ
֪rڶΪ˽ְء
ڱΪ˽һС
ɱݳɱһ޹֮ˣҲΪ
л޵ߣΪһ֮˽޹߶ⷥĵҲͳ׻ˡ
ƣߵ˽գ
ŷлԲѵˣоعϡ
ʶ˽
Ϊ˵ùҲ˵治⡣
˵ԼƭϲϲزӦΪ˼͸ΪףȻֱգȴŷ֣վǸˡ
᲻⣿᲻ʹࣿ
Ϊ̫⣬̫ʹ࣬Բƭ̫࣬ǾҲš
˵ϲһٳŵԣҲֻǻԡ
ڣֻܱżһůⰲοԼ
ֻҪϲǾ͹ˡ
ϲϲѲţҲҪ
ݳһ
ôô᲻ݳˣͿѡԼԱ
Ǳа֣޷ֻΪô֮һĿԣҡΨһӵеĶ
лţмֵĸ
ȻݡԼš
šһ顱Ҳš󳹴򡱣Ϊһ̫һ̫ѡҲס
ǣȥƿۣԼ侲ɳƿڣ¡Ǵô죿
һȥ飬ڴ֮ǰ⡣
˵ţ̧ۿŻһδr飿
ڶһr
΢٣ħȷ𣿡


86 
rһ֮С
ӵ, ˼Żش𣺡Ľӡr飬ҵڣħһr, Ὣʱ֮СҴߵ£֮磬r鲻ҿһrԼħǲˡ
, ʵʵ˵Ҳ֪, и롣
ʲô룿
û, , ŵŴӱλ, пħ
һ㶣ɫ侲ݳ, ϵ
ӻһģһЩ˼飬ôͳųһģһ
ˣպó֮꣬ǰлŵ
Լ࣬ʶһлţʵʲô־Լݲ, ֻ̣ܵأ
Ѿ, ̺Ҳ, ʲôû, ħ, 㸴ˡ˵˼ţǸǶ᣿
û˵ŷݳӣһʱЩȷ
ħrȻϣûжѹƣʱһĶ֣ûж֣ضϿϵţס֮㡣
ǣӻǲףЩͼʲô
ӵѯʣűѪºħ˵ĻãʿΪˣӶ̫ѡ
Ҳܰʿɱ⡭
˼
⻰𾪣̧ŶԷƽû´лźrĿ꣬лʺrrĿġ
ȥлɽ񣬶лŲľ֣лǼͨ͸ħһһȵգлźľԶɽ֮׼а壬ʴǣٰʾӣݳòǿɳ֮ɱݳݳ޹ϣĵߣΪһ֮˽ɱ޹޻ͷ֮·Ҳͳrõ
ţ˵
ͷֻϻǾϵлŵ㣬лŵħr

ӿڣһ٣̧ͷӣ˵ʲô
֮磬û˷ģ˵Щѣԡʱű㿪̳Ϊ¾׽١
⻰ʲô
䡣
תͷȥҿ£δԼ䡣ԼպΪаħٵ׽٣ɱ
ǿ䣬ԼԼ
ǩԼ׽٣ĵԼ
ԣκħ·Ψڳţֻ
⻰ţ˵
ֻһ˲䣬ӵ˼
ħԣл
ɶ콣ڶԣлţȴаħ
ħħ콣ѳ
лŶħڣؼʱ̣лųΪrǳɱrİ취
һʼˣѾʱܷĴ㡣֮壬ȴҲԱķ֮硣
ЩƲסԼŷֻ֣ʣԼ֪𣿡
֪
ʵش𣺡ԼµԣȻ֪
ǣһʱ֪Թ˭̧ͷſӣǻ֮磿Ⱦ㴦ǲħٵһΪr
˵ȥӵʹֻԼˡ
ûͻһѽ

ɫд˼ֱԸΪѽ𣿡
˵Ӹ˴𰸣ƣڳŵλãҲԸ⵱ӻһѽȻãΪβǳţ
Ϊβлţ
ȥΪлŲɣ
˫΢Ժллڴ꣬лῴڷ˵ʱ̡
ſڣȴ
ҵʿʳΪŹԵÿһףȵÿһ࣬ÿһ·ʱõÿһԴǧ˸֣֯£ҵ޵ӻˣǸ˾ְѡлţܴǣһգѡең಻ܴǡ
ӵͷЩѹοҪɽǲûĽһѾǿ֮硭ڱȥһ
Щԭأ
˾Ĭһ˵̧֣Ȼȥ´ҲˣЩϢɡ
˵ţ˸񣬱˿
뿪䳹װȥ
תͷԶлţϵת˿ϣȥ˯һ㡣
һƬˣʵ֪˿Ҫ
ȥȷݳǲħ
ȥħڵ
ȥǷո𽹬
ȥѦӵл
һ׮׮һѹѹĺڰ·Ψһıܷۡ
ںڰпŹâеˣþúվߵȥȡӣһһɾϵѪ
ģ忡Щ۾ʱ򣬱Գᡣ
ʵѪʺӦۣ£Ӧþһѩ£壬ЯҲֻԾӷȡ
Ӧÿۣ̳ӦŮϲ
ԶȱҪϸϸᣬӦȳиá£һһ֪á
ҹ꣬س¶лƾ档
̲סЦһЦѹۿ
ƺǸ֪ϱˮ⣬ǰſ۾
ѪɫδˣЩãȻ
ħ֮˻ԼþǶԶֻľйأֻܿħǿģֻħġ
۾ָԼȻԷãȻ֮ȴʣôˣ
һ㶣˵Ϳл¶ʱЩ֪롢Դɵı飺ˣҸ𻨸⡣
⻰ŷӦûп
ԼþʮĻʱٿƭÿκֻϲĶ
Ʋס䡣
ʮǸǵõĹ𻨸⣬СˣķĲޡ
ǵһӻϲĸоҲûӵй
ǰˣգһһ˵ŵûĻ
ȥ֮磬һ
ٰ񣬴ȥʦʦ壬ʱٺȺƣòã

ЩƲסǰԽԽģþã̲ס͵ȥס
лȻֹôһ˲䣬дһ˿
Ȼܿ죬Ѫɫֳӯ۾¶ЩãȻ
ںڰӵ·Ǵϼȡ
˺þãƽϢҲ侲
лţɳƿڣ¡
˵ţۣĿ¶ɱ⣺
лʮ껨İ顣
Ҳв𲻼ƺв޷ˡ
ĥȥѪ뽣
类ɾĬǣػ
ֽڴˣսΪҫ


87 
һֱ侲, 
Ϊл²㷨Ѱ黤ܱߺ뿪
, ̴·, ݳסĵطϹȥ
סڵסķ, Ķ, һȥ, Ϳ, ƺЩãȻ
վſ, ǸӰ, þúһ, װʲô֪һ㣬һݳ
ݳ, תͷ
ƺողϴһɫ, ɢлһģһϴЦ⣬º͵
ǰЦ, Ŀ΢¡
̫ˡ
ֲ, ǰ˵ݳǱѪ
Ҷ࿴ͷ߽, ߱ߵŵ, ¸оΣ
޷
ݳҡҡͷ, תͷ, ¶ֵģšлŰɣ
Ӧһߵݳ룬Щǣµʲô
ʵʲô
裬ݳЩʧ䣬̾˿ֻҷʹѾˡ
һ٣ݳȡˮʣ°뱭裺꣬ôģ
˵ţݳˮ̧ۿǰˣΪλлΪλںϻΪɱң㡭
ݳд˼ϧƺ˵ʲôվֻЦЦȥˡ
Ļ̲סϢȭͷ
ЦЦ豭ԶЩԱ£ͷϾô꣬ܲһֱСӡ굹Ƕл㣬̧ͷĿȫǸмңҴͱɱˡ˵Ҫ˭֪⾹Ȼ
ȥʧ䡣
⻰ݳתͷ⣬
ر̬ܵȣһ١
ˡ
ʶ
Ⲣݳչģǰݳ
ǣȻ֪˵˻ѡ
֪˵ѣȴҲζţ֪£ϣİݳ
̬û΢䣬ǰˣɻݳ
ţ
ݳתͷ濴һ۴⣺ô˵ʲô?
룬ݳߴ˼ЦȻңΪλҪװûң
ûû̳ͷ裬΢΢ٵƽǼȻˣΪҪЦ
⻰Ц˶ԷԷԱббһ쳣᣺Ϊϲάҵӡ
䣬̧ۿԷлһģһϣлžеЦݣԵһ忡Ǵ˼а
һƴлϣҶΪۡ
˵ţԷվǰ۾չݳҪô
ˣ΢ЦڣһΪлŴġ
ԷףͷԵøͣɱˣǣ̺ȡºܾˣҲãݳҲãû˭Ҫ
Էû˵Цݲ䣬ȴ˲
һֱһЦĵ˵ǣôҵģ
ħոջһ壬ݳͻˣ벻ֶѡ
ԷϣҲû˺οݳĻǻʲôûôܻ

˿̾˿ʧߡ
㵽ʲô
ʧȥ˺Ȧӵ£Ȼβֱҵлţrϣ
Ѫ̧֣ᲦŪԼͷĻţȷô㣬һҾȥع
ԣۿȻأ
ˣұġ
Ѫ΢΢һЦʮִ󷽣㰢ϾҪ¡
˵
ѪԱһᣬ̬Ȼֻ֣ϲӣϲ廹
ͦĵġ
ôѪЩɻ󣬡ⶼϲѽ
˵ţѪ̾˿ˣ˵Щϲİɣ㲻лţ
Ȼ
һ磿
ǡ
⻰ñѪЩ죬̧ۿΪ⣺ʲô
r֮ףãлš
侲˵ţѪһ㶣̧ۿҪлŰȻҪһrģô
ѪЩ˼Ż㲻ø
֪ҪʲôűѪɫ䵭²ͺûʲôϵֻкϻҪαضôӣֱӰrңЦҸϻ˺󣬰ǡrܷӵǱΪޣϣл֮壬ţŲֹһ
Ҳǡ
ʮĻϾ޽еš
ѪЦӯӯ˼Ļͷ˿ڲ裬ɫƽ
Ѫһֻһr飿
ǡϣ֮Ҫɱ㣬ܴ󲿷ԭ򣬾Ϊ̧ܺ۶űѪ۾αƣ
ѪԣСŻ˼
ţĬú󣬱ѪЦһҲǸ취ûǴ¶ʱԼҲ˶˶ΪԽߣԽ죬ԽΪҰr㣬ˣrûм֮ʮЩʿնɱô죿
⻰ڹؼоҼȻ¶ȻнҩҩѦӵҿԳ½ҩȷr¡
ҲаѪͷֵȻǺܵеɣ
Ҫʲô⣿
ڡ
ѪЦݣΪ֣أ޸ҡ
һ㶣Ѫվǰַڷߣ΢΢յĲɫ΢
ͬл˯ôΣԣ
䣬һԷ棬Ѫһץס֣ͬʱ¸һס͵Ϯذס
̫죬ذѾͱѪ䣬ѪҺ˳ذǰȴɫġ
һΡǿŻӭϮ͵ɿȥݺײǽ棬ʹżһſڵϴϢţǰ˹ذףԱһӣ˿ĶϣֻʵѪ·ϡѪߵǰ°ͣԼҪԡ
ûѪ
ʱ䣬ҪôȥлţҪôºħλ䣬ǳɻ飬ʱҸr飬㸴ϻͬ졣
˵ţѪſɫľ˹ң߰ɡ
ûгҧȥ
뿪䣬ѪԼԭ˿ڴĿ΢䡣
Լط䣬Ϣ
ûã洫ٽŲűһ߿Ѽ
š
ѪûӦ
ѺѦӵ˿Ͻ
ﲼµĸԶѦӵԱߣ˵ݳˣ
ݳ侲ڣħ
⻰һѦӵɫ˲䡣
ѱ˱ʲôݳˣݳĻأʲô
̫ۣ࣬Ҵĸ
ص㣬ʲô
ѡҪôȥлţrллħһr壬ʣrһް
أ
ɻ󣬻ۣƺЩƣҺףºħδ䣬ǾٰrңҸϻˣ
⻰ѦӵһʱЩ𾪣ϲ㣿ð
졣û־ҡ
ǡʲô
лڲûȫħǿסˣء侲ţҪҳף볹ױƿлŰˡ
㡭Ѧӵԥţô㣿
û˵ҲĬŲ
һ󣬻Ѧӵ׼һݼٵĽҩĶؿȥɾ
ŶѦӵͷ⵹ѡ
ʣµģ˼ţƻִоͺá
⻰Ѧӵ
룬ֻռƻħӦѾˣֻڣrˡ
ɱһΣɱڶΡ
侲ڣüͷô壬ô
ҸղԹˡ
תѣҶԳ֣ˡ
أ
ǰ£ΪЩ嶼ǿܣν壬˺
˼ǡѺܿ췴Ӧ˵굤
ѦӵתͷͻȻӦŶѶ굤ݳˣ
ұȷ굤ûãȷˣӦһ壬ֻҪҪôȥɱİա
ɫ򶨣˶һѦӵͻȻʶʲô㵱ҩ󶨻굤֪
Ҳֻ֪븴ݳĻڱ̺Ϊö굤֮С
Ŷ
ȻЦҲûɹѺϻ˶Ժϻ̫Ϥˡԣ굤һã˳ѡ
ͽݳص壬
ݳҲΪ
ֻЩ˵̫̣Ҷ˵ȥ
˳Ĭԣһ󣬻Ѧӵɵõôʲôǲռұˣ
һ⻰ѦӵϻûɣֻɱԼҾǾ֡
ôˣ
üѦӵֻ֣һˣЩȷڵˣȥҲû£Ժ˵
ôˣ
˵ֻ˵أѦӵץץͷûٷɡ
˵ţѦӵջ֣Ҫ˵ʲô洫
ϼ̧߽ͷΪżɫüͷ
ڵˣϼڣúܼϣƸһ


88 
⻰, ˸һۣüͷʲô
ǺϻϽ֮֮һռ, þɽ, ôˣûڵˡ
ͻȻ, ûЩ, ȥɡ
һ, ϵƸ, ϵ, ͿӺͰѾڵ, Ավһ꣬һǹĺ, ձɫ鴮һŴ˼ұΪ֣ء
һ۰, Ϊ죺ʦ, ô
ħǱô, ֱӵ, ֪ͨһ, ұ˻
ͷתͷԱߺ, Է΢΢һЦ, ˸, 
񡣡
˸, ֱ֪ãΪ£
λɡҲûж˵ֻܱ߽һȦ
˵ûɢһ֮ϣ
ƸǺϻΪ֮翪֮ܿš
֪ӦҪּΪܽҪ֮£ԼԤУɵȭͷ
ȷ£תͷջһţš
˵ţϷ£ڿŵ֮ϣֵ֮ϣֱӰһλ׷ߣһλ콣
˼Ѻתͷˣ˷ǰҲһ˵˼
Ŷ˴
Цںϻ֮£ӦȺͺϻ˵˵ɣ
֮ǰδȷʶϵȷһΣüĿŸ
˵ţתƽ͵ǰЩʱգǹңħǴʢԤʾ֮١
һ˵һŻҵǹ죬ͿһһǻתкɫͻȻŹâһȥ֮ɫǲĹâǹ죬ǹʧǳ׹䣬ȥֿɲ
ǹ죬ֻʣʲô
лš
ʵش𣬽ţǰٶǰǺ˶Թλʱգлűѩأȷʱ䣬಻󣬶λӦڲʱһ֮󣬴˶ͬһһһһһһаһ񣬡̧ͷŻһħ
Ϊǣƣƽ⡣
Щȭͷ˭˭а˭˭ħ
֮ǰҵȶΪлĽָ֮ˣӦΪħ񣬿ɣл֮壬޸飬콣ڣɽ̵ȴѵ˽ħӦΪħǡ
أЦʲô˼
šԼڶǰͨǹݣħr֮ʣ޷ƣ٣Ψһİ취ǰӦ١
ôӦ
лӦδħͷƽѣٻr飬콣r飬Ծ׽٣𡣡
׽١Цл
˵ţתͷһ콣ڣ˾ģ
۵״˼ɫȴǵͷǡ
û˵תͷһȦѺѦӵڳɣƺѾ룬ֻҲʲôлĽֻҪĽڣrʧͲᱻrٿأҲʲô١
ѾûĽһ˵üѣʣħĽ
ǾСħҲ޳һû޳һҲr顣
ûһüͷ˭նɱr飿
⻰ѺѦӵһĿᶨҡ
֪ţĿǲͬϾɽ٣r֮£ҵȽΪô
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ϵĻһ㶣˵ȣɨһˣƽ˵żƻڣֺ綾˶ΪԽߣἳȡתΪأԽ졣ħڴ˶Ӱ֮²ಡ齣Ϊɱ
⻰ûȻΪ𾪡
㶿Ż૳
һrݳϣ˵ˣħλ䣬ǳɻ飬һrңʱҷſr飬˶ἳȡr֮Ҷ֮rʧȥ壬ֱȡӦ֮ʱʱл޳һնr顣ûУλ㾡ȫӦҲɱûr飬л޵Ľһ֮٣
Żļƻ˶ھУֻһ˼΢΢üɣ
û˵̧꣬һӣѵĽʶĲϣۿ߹㣬𣿡
û˵뼸֣Ѫ£ɫҲħǣֻǣ˵ţɨһȦܱߣֻˣûʲôĳһҪлҼ̷ųr顣лſ𣿣
ӵû̴˼֣أѵ˵
ЦǵǴԣ·ҪôҵģҪôбɱˡ
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һֻʣ˭޸飿
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ӺţҶԣۿ΢죺Ҳ𣿣
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ڣ棺֮һܳɣ֮磬һнˣ˶٣תͷӣһʲôҴ
ʱ򳤼Ų뿪ɫŻ֪Ƣ
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ڣɫƽİɡ
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Ѧӵ̧ͷͿɫƽ뿪ҩʱµģҰɡ


89 
⻰, Ѧӵ㶿Ż
ƽǿѡ˼ҡ
Ѧӵ˵Ƭ̺, Ӧ, Щ֪룺㡭ȷҪ
ǡ
侲Ѧӵ, Ϳ̧ۿõİ취Īڴ, ôȻҼ޸ħҲáҲ, ħ»һʲô壿
ѦӵŻĻţú, ڻǴȡһҩƿ, 뻨, һ, ҩɽ⡣
л
侲, ̧ۿһˣȥҲһ죬Ϣɡ
˵, ҩ, Զ, ıӰڲתͷ, ѯʣʲôҩ
һǰ˵ҩ
Ѧӵд˼ֿ, üͷ, ˼飺ܶлã
ѰҩȻ, һζҩѰһ겢, ѦӵĽͣ˻ת֮ЧһұɸħĶҩһƳš˼˼ȡ鰮ҩЧһ˸ԽԽԽס
⻰˻˼
޸ħҲãҲãֻҪлŻлħͳɶ֣һУҲͶͽ͡
ѳĬԣúЩףȻҩΪʲôһʼó
ǱϾлŵļ䣬򲻵ѣһ˼ȥѦӵţ룬ֵңҲҲϣأ
ô꣬ԼҲʼռǵöԷ
˵ţѵͷһ߳ƸͻȻ갢뿪ҩڣԹҩ
Ѧӵһ٣Ƭ̺Ц֪ҵļֻ˺ϻҾ֪Һûпܣʱʹֲ֣ò֡Ȱң˵ûôϲֻǾץסһݣִҲţֱ´ҩһǵҺʲôֻû̫оҲ֪ѦӵͷһۣҶϲˡ
˽̸䣬ҩֱع
Ƚع֮󣬾Ϳлűţڷ룬Ĺâʸϣϵĺ
ϵĺѾɴѪڰϽɰɫһ÷ʢɢ忡Աߣ˿ȥ֧С
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֮ǰûвŷ֣ôЩʱգѾϰ߿ˡ
˿ȥ䣬ůݣȥʱȴ˾ðġ
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һףͿлŻ̧ͷ¶һ˫ӵۣһ㶢ҩ
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лŲ˵۾·ܿ͸һлԣֱ
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л͵رͻɣݺˤϡ
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лŶһ㶿ŻЩ֪룬ȥй۲졢ϻۣһʧôֻãȻþãʣ㻹Ҫ
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лſǲףȻǴΪҪˣ
ٲʹ࡭
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𲻳ǰˣȫȻʧ˹ķȴݣǱһֻƵ;ĩ·ޡ
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˵ţЦҲҪлţҪ⣬֪㲻ƽлţסþãɳƿڣڴģĽһ
⻰һģл΢΢ȭҲˣ
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⻰лЦŻֻʣƾʲôƾʲôһѽûƾʲô
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лһ㶣Ϳ΢΢ַϣǰҲùˣպֻҵлţûƭ㣬ɽʱҿ㣬ҴûҪȥ뵽δܺһҾˡһҲһиҡ
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Ҳǲ㣬΢΢Ҷ̫ˣҰлûһһʲôأĽһҷָ꣬ϻ˱٣ԻٽԶϽ͵ң㲻Ҫ²ΪҿһУѾɥΪʲôأ
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ţ
˵ϲģʮң
лû˵ڻˮеİлţʵҲǻµġֻû̫ʱȥ£ȥ롣ܶʱҲɻ󣬡תͷˣİ𣿡

лſڣشûаԥ
⣺Һ͵Ѿһˣȫȫϲ㶼
лû˵ݣƬ̺ǰס֡
ҲΪϲϲ㣬ΪǸˡ˺۵֣ºͣܺãĻá
⻰Ǵ꣬ϸܽϡ
ǰ꣬Ǵ̳ľӣ̻ĳУ
ЩҶ࿴ŤͷȥֻЦŵ֪һˣټң᲻ϲ
лûӦת߰ɡ
лžվԭأŻıӰ
˼ȴûֻһ
ͣͷҲһɲǼ䣬ǧ׼ŵԶƶȥÿһ׼Сܣһ˲ʧȥϷɸߡ
ǧɢգһƬȻ㶿ƻڣǧƣһԸ
ĿºͿڣԸңƽټ
ԸɵЦ
ٶҳԵѾټ
ֻҪټлעұһϲ㡣
ûгǰˣƬ̺ƻ£ͻȻǰһ˽Ļ
˵ˡ
ڣҵ㡣
лŴ仰ͻȻ౻ʲô
ơ
ķг¶ȡ


90 
ƻ, ǣֻصϻȵ˳ȣл̧, º͵ҩҰɡ
Ļƽݵģ, дƿþò
лĿ䵽дƿϣƬ̺֣סƿɲ, һл̧ۿ
, ΢ƣǰˣ֪, ȴǿڣպһҪҡ
лžע, Ŀƽº, Ƭ, ǵõġ
⻰, Ż֡
лŴõƿ, ڣȷһӣʱ䲻, ޵һ, ̧ۿ, Ѱҡ
һʦ尲š
лɫƽȣҹһͬ˵, һУ㲻صġ
ͷ
˾ĬţƬ̺֣ڻ
ס⣬ļ뻳ʱҪʵ࣬ȥݵڽһԸоɽһᶨС
ºͣһġ
û㶱ڻƽͷһо˱ͬڷĸо
Ƭ̣лŲȥʦˡ
Ӧһл̧ס۾º͵ۣۣһͷ
á
ԼûۣоſתԶ
˺þã۾ͼѾһˡ
л뿪ķ򣬴նһú侲Ťͷ߽С
Ŷ룬һƬڰֱˣûͱ͵סӣݺײľϣ
ͬʱּӡȻԷ죬ץסһң˾ʹ
ҹɫд˼𺣬лƽһᵭȻȻͬ
ȥлˣ
Цſڣ۵ȴЦ⡣
Ϣţ˵Ѫͷǧƣֱʰɣʱ䵽ˣҸһλᶼҪô
ħָֿϣԼȡźأûֻ̳֣ͬ𡣡
⻰Ѫһ٣ָЩд˼ֺɣ𣿡
ҴӦ㣬ϽڣҺr飬ǳɻ飬ֻҪʦʦ㸴ҾͰ
Ѫû˵Żӡ
Цħң
Ϊ̺鶼ȡͬ𣿡
ѪǣȫȻš
עŶԷħﲻ𣿰ȻҪܱȵùκͿǷ𣿡
Ѫûָſ
һ̵֣ڵϣڴڴϢħָֻƽյºͣұ֪ǸеģṼЩлźˡǱձͬȥѰʦ̶ͬڡ
ǡ֪ħԺʦף
⻰ñѪ룬Żϣʲôأ
ȡħ
ϾѾɱˣ̫סѪЦݳɡ
˵ţ˼֣Ͼ¶Ҳһӣô
ûпȭͷá
ѪͻŻʱлҩӵķ䡣
޽ͨһʱͻȻ⴫лŵʦ塣
һ漴Ӧͬϵ󣬸æſڿţţ
˵ţһȷлź󣬲ŵ㡭ôӵعˣ
аʱ˷ǰͬʦ𡣡
⻰һʱӦƬ̺žѣæȽ
ӭлŽݣ̧½磬лƽ̬һʱ֪Ӻ˵
Ƭ̣ŵųģ
ǡ
㡭Ҫ֮磿֮ǰľЩѯʡ
ܺл˵ʵ˵ʵлŵƢʵʵ뿪
Ҷ˵˵ʲô˵ģֻϷʡ
л֪ĹǣȽͣңħӦһrr鸴ʦʦ㣬ųr޷ƣֻܼϣĽһΪѰһζҩ֮󣬱ȥһ
ɣһʱ˵
ģҲǼٵġ
Ҫõr飬Ҫʦʦ㣬ϣлţڵľ綾
Ӳܶ˵Ťͷδ㣿֮磿
лҡͷҪȥ
⻰һ㶣л̧ۣɫƽĽ޲ˣҩศһվǿһ齣һҪԼĵ
ĽǷӡr顭
޲նɱ֮л侲ڣӡˣҾɱ
ǡ룬ȥ
лųĬתͷ⣬ɫ˼ãȻ˼䡣
飬ޣʣԹˣʹվֻһң̫֮ˣлתͷӣʱ䣬ʱٿ
Ӳԣԥл룬ƶжȴԸƣΪơ¶ڽɹȰ֮£Ϊ²ֻΪ֮ģǾڡ
˼¶ģ⣬Ľס㡭

лӣһ㶣ͿлƽĽסң֪ң罣аȲ
û˵룬˵ͷԼԼȻѾ˾Ҳס㡣ңʲô
ҩҲԣл˵ţƿ棬ƽģҹһ뿪գͷʦҩЧѾˣ㰲һ֮磬ġ
⻰ӳţƿ𣬵𣿡
˼࣬ȻὫ¸֪ңκ£ʦ弰ʱ֪ͨ
֪ˡ
Ӧ𣺡Ǵھ𣿡
֮ǰҪһ¡
лƽתӣʦһ
ʲô
ʦʦʦһ
Ŷӵû˵ͷҲ󷽣ȡлУ˷һŰСʱġΪԲڱ壬ʲô
һ׮˽¡
лûֱԣֻ𣬳񣺡ʦ壬ȸˡ
˵ţлű㳯˳ȥ
ڣһдƿ룬̾˿ƿǬС
Ҫôúú롣
*** ***
лųŲãѪҲӻ뿪鿴ȥΪˣڳϣתֽȡ
û߼סӣͷǽ߽䡣
ﲻֹʱһӰڣ᳤
һģһȴȻͬ
ѪŶԷú¶飺лţ
ݳ
߳¹£ɫ䵭ѩѪ룬¶ֵģ˵ħˣ㻹ðɣ
лûгѪЦŶҺڶˣ˵𣿡
õø𣿡
лſڣѪԣףл˵ʲô
֪ϲңǰϧҵģлɫѪϱһлĮȻȻҪɻˣԼв𣿡
Ѫ⻰˻Цлʦģ
л̧ҪҵĶ
ɲǣлųѩǵضѸٶԽһܱرɫԭͺӡ
ѩ죬ѪУϷתһӡлǰ벽
лÿһЮٺ֮ͱѪ˳ײһ𣬷졣
ѪƺԴԴϣлŴ£̺֮£ԼԿ½ء
硣
ԴǶ뺣硣
лע⵽һ㣬Ѫɫһ䣬˦һ޴ӭл͵˼漴ˮӷлһУлֱƹȥ
лгһ俪˲ʧԭأѪɫ΢䣬ʶʲô͵ֳ̧źһͿлŽ
һԼԿ˺ѪԹΪأһֱл࣬лȫȻˣڱѪӡ˲䣬Ϻɨ
˪ڱѪӿȥ¶ȶˣһ㸯á
Ѫǰӡᴩ꣬ЦΪҪˣ
лſɫƽֻ˵һˡ
˵꣬˻һŷ䣬˲ȼڿС
Ѫһ㶣漴ʶ󿪣ĴѰȥ
˿лѾʱһϮۣųŶңǧ֮ҹУźϻ
ɱˡ
ȷ˽ƽתѹסΪȺԶ
ѪʶһȦҲˣþúڲջʶ
϶һֱڳɢʶջ˲䣬ʹ̴Żײײط䣬̧ͷӡ
еϸű˪ݺݲѩ¶һ˻Ƶ̧÷ͣסɢнⶼһ֮С
ôŬлŵĽʼմڽۣ˿Ĩȥǵȴһֱϣԭ覵¶
žӣ֪лŵľѡ
ӵһϲ䡣

Ѫƽִ̧Ա߰γذף̧лŵĽۣ¡
лŵĽ⣬ԭĽٴƤѪ£Цºͣ䡣
ֲݳҪĴ
һҹҹȥȵڶգͥԺ
Ѫ˵úһȥҰڣ
ûһ̴кӡ
תͷȥһ㶡
Ϳǰ괩һɫϴźɫɫߣºͣĿԡڳ֮£볿Ϊһ塣
㶿ǰмһģһˣֱԷ۾вЦ⣺
Է˵Żǰ˾ݳ񶼲ǡ
ԼŲĿ⣬ħ
ʲô
Ѫڴ֪ݣƽݳ
Ѫߵ࣬ȻȻ̧ǣʶһ㣬Ѫһ٣תͷ·ݳһ㣬Щɻôǰһֱ𣿡
ݳһִԡ£޲̷ǹ˵ġ
ƿĿ⣬ֻʱݳδֻŮûŮ֮ȻҪףԵЩֱ𡣡
ͬлŮ֮ˣ
Ѫ˳̧ۿлŵһγǰҳ֮ǰü棬
Ѫһ٣Ƭ̺ɫ΢Ҳûǿת߰ɡ
һǰһţűѪ֮ǰ˵Ҹס
ֹ֣Ѫ΢Ӣֻ̡ۣ̫̫࣬
ʲôˣ
ܵͣѪЦ㸸׺սʿ˰ȣ㸸׵һ뺣ħ֮֮ز뾳㸸׵ĹͣڴӲùҲɱ̫ˣЩ
г𣿡
侲ĻѪͣҲг𣿡
㡭
ǣ˳ª÷Щ
˵ţ˱㵽˰ڵ鷿յſڣͿӺͺ߳ӿ˶һ㶣΢Ҫ˵ʲôͿѪҾº͵ϣʦ㡣
˶֪Էݣɵ﷢ëѪҪݣ˱ȥæӡ
ѪתͷлҪʣЦȽȥ
á
ͷѪת߽鷿
뿪ſӺͺߡ
ҶʣַĲ£Ƭ̣ŵҹ
ˡ
֪Ҫʲô㰴лŵ˼صҩˡ
û˵ͷ룬ʣǵö٣
Ƭ̣׻⻰˼ǳ˾𣿻ܼǵö٣
ҲҶ˵ֻ𣺡ǵˡ
һ㶣Ӱţģ㰲¾ͺãùˡ
ʲô΢ɬǵ𣿡
ӿŻɫţϣǵʲô
˵⻰ͻȻѼ֣ˣҲ֮С
˼ҩԽԽס
ֻȻǻмܡ
׼ܿƽҡͷҲûʲôϣǵõģáǻ֮𣿡
š
ͷ
˿룬תͷһ۷䣬Ƭ̺ϣʦ㣬һ¡
˵ţԶӿӣ֪·Ը̧½磬ֻ˵ɡ
£ִ̧ȡ̺飬˵һϣ̺뿪
£Щɻ󣺡ʲô
û˵ȷϱ̺ܱ߸ֽ̧̺ݸӣϣʶ㣬ӣûʲô
û˵ű̺飬룬תͷ˿ߵۡ
ҿ˼Ȧ󣬺߱÷ëɵСϣ
룬ŵγʣ
ڻһ£ȷϡ
ӣ̱˻ʲôƬ̣תͷͬߵСѣ£ȥæ
ҡ
˵Լû£ʶ֧ԼӲ˿ڷ磬ֻˡ
˵ţ߰ڰ֣ת뿪
Ⱥ߳磬ƽӣĴ𰸡ĿźߣԶ̾˿
ûпźСѵۣӦһư
ǡ
̹ȻϣĿ䵽ϣУƺӡһ˵Ļǣ

ǡ
Ӹӣֻʣȷô
ȷǣӴ̧ס̺飬ǣͬһ˾ˡ


91 
һˣ
Щ, ӵͷȡ̺飬濴Ƭ̺, ȷϵһǲͬһ, Ҳ, Ǵ˱ͻǲȫ̥ʱ, ˽һǵĸ, ں֮, µǡ
ǡţǣһ𣿡
ȻǶ֮ˡЦЦ, ȻֻأµǣǶˡֻҿһǼΪǿʢ, ӦѰ˵ĻǣԭûʧǣӰ졣ֻ, һδ֪ˡ
û˵, ӳŽ̺黹ȥСôͻȻ
Ŷ, ûС
ӦЦЦʡ
˵, ̺, ƽ͵ȥϢ, עⰲȫ, лʲô쳣, ҡ
á
Щ飬ãͷȥ鷿յſڣͿѪ߳ѪЦЦתͷһ鷿Ѿͬ˻ڣЩ
ʲôʱ򣿡
侲ڣѪڣѡ˸գºʮ³ţΣ
ͦõġ
Ӧ£һŰŻºͽδ䣬ܾ֮ºܶϸҪġ
⻰Ѫ۾˼ֻɣ׼£
ݳ壬תͷһ𣿡
Ѫû˵Ż
ϵĺɫߣ̲סַ֮ϣд˼ֻߣʮ꣬ʱģöˡ
һôѪƽڡ
һ٣˾ӣѪ¶һ˿Ц⣬˵ʲôڣܡ
Ѫһִ߻£̧ס֣֣ݳ
ѪŶ·Ǵ˹ƻ󣺡׼ɣһķ̫ʱ䣬ú
Ѫû˵ǰ˼Ѫҿš
ɱѦӵӣ
Ѫ˼ڡ
ɫֻݳĻκ覴á
Ѫû˵ſ֣º͵Ȼȥɣͬʦһ»°š
˵ţתͷ鷿ȥ
ѪͻȻס㻹Ҫ𣿡
סӣƬ̺תͷЦԼǡ
ѪעЦŻת鷿Ŀд˼ֳŪת뿪
˷УͰѯһ±ѪҪȷϾֻлصº󣬱˵һ֮İţ£Ƚ͵ܾѵӿΪöֹͬϵ߶𽹬ǱһѴҪܾһ½鱱ߴƽնජЩϡ
˵ţϴ˼źʦʦĺӣҲûãպϻ
˵Щ
˼ɫ˲䣬ЩʲôûҪ˵ҲҪ㵱桭˵
ûӦúЩ٣ǰһЩʦżҾ˵ܶѡ
ȺúϢˡ
ò˵ŷֻ֣ʣǶΪԽߣԽ㻹ȥܾûӰ죿
ȥ⣬ΪͣתͷʦѰ黹ڣһǸء
ðã鷿˳ȥܾǰϸһһȵϣŽѺѦӵеƸ
Ƹ׼˼̳ӾƺһЩСˣѺѦӵ߽ƣѹһЦӴʲôʱˣǳԷȾƣ
ʱպãЦ˿̳Ӿƣһһ㣬ûա
˵ڶˣ
˵ţͬѦӵһߵߣһ̳Ӿƣͷţˡʮ³š
þûһȹˣ̾˿ͻȻʲôŶ˵Ⱳӣûһȹơ
ʱ±𽹬ϻãÿϻһ͵͵ͻá
ȺǣÿҪװÿ
ȵڿһȾƣȴҲûʲôᡣ
ϧǺħɻ飬ЩźȻܺһϲˡ
˵úûȹһԱѦӵͣɻ죬²˺ϻһڱϯſϷذɣ
ʱĶȾưѦӵ˵¶æżأҪ¶¶Ȼ֪ͨһŶûУҲ𣿡
㻹ģ
Ѧӵ¶ɫһ죬˵ʲôЦ˺ˣ˵䣬ܲЪЪ˵Ѧӵ죬ô˭вס
תͷѦӵһȥҪ¹ϵġ
˵ú˶иһ
Ѧӵһ˲Ҳúúõģ
һҩޣҲƶˣҸ˱㣬ҷĲ¡̾˿ΪõӣҸŮ޼˰ɣܵģպҲ·
һ⻰ѡ͡ЦѦӵŤͷȥæþ̳ӵסԼңǮеλŮ޿㡣
˵˵ЦЦû£žһžĵǰѦӵʼ
㲻֪ж̧֣Լҩڿûôҿһ㣬ƶ˳ҡ
ţˡѺͻ°ͣƷ裬
ֻѦӵ˵֪꣬ʲôۡͿˣſӣ游˵öԣƶúôƵĶҲƶ游ôܱϻô£ϲһ˶಻װѦӵѣҭţôûˣֻԼԼԿҩˣҵĺÿࡣ
ҲѹȰ˵Ķ˵ĶҲһأ
ܣѦӵҡͷңûܶ游Ҳûƿꡣ
Ҫô˵ѱ⻰סֻܵҾûȰˡ
⻰Ѧӵſϣ
ޣžƣֻѵʲôѽһûأ游ܿͻˣϻҲܿ͸ˣһ㣬ûʲôźˡ
Ѧӵ̧ͷۿҺͬ㿴ǲǱлݳã
ô˼˻ôôģ
Щ棬Ѧӵ˳ӣ棺Ϊ̫ˣҲǱҸá
㻹ٶһɣְ̧ѦӵԴһߵ˵Щ캦Ļ
ѦӵԴϿȥϿһͰˣѺžƣ룬վߣȥ
ž̳ӣһߵƸԵϡ
ϻߴԿϻǣҹƻ貣ҹ紵ǣСʱ
ʱסһھƣƣҶϲΡǴ𣿡
ָļ棬ƸϾǺϻ˿֮
ЦЦֻͲϡˡ
¶ࡣ
ѿǵƻ𣬡еǲˡ
ѵĻûгƽųУ̫ˣҶϰˣֻһʼĿ꣬;ͣ£Ҳ֪ȥ㣬̧֣תͷʱһ룬Ҫǲˣʲôӣ
û˵ҹﾲӣƬ̺󣬻Цʦֺܿͻˡ
ƽ룬ǵСʱʦ̵Ҫôа𣿡
˵ţ̧֣Ȼһƣ׼ģʲô룬żûлͷ·
Ѵֱߵӳǿµľˮ
ѣʵһֱãһУᶨպҲߵڽһķϣһæ
ʲô
ҸһֽֽҵңԶɫƽκ⣬ҷſr飬ϻɱжɽʿδִˡ
⻰Ŀ΢䣬Żתͷ֮󣬺ϻ˸ɻ飬ִ𽹬ˣֻҪһգϻ𽹬ͬˣʶħָտɴ
ɱ㣬ָϻҳΪͬˣ
ѳǿأ
֪ͺˡЦ˵ɣһŵģġ
߷ߣҵû۵ġ
Цӵģ
㡭
ң˿ھƣ㣬ŲҪ²֣Ҫҽиֻ㣬棬֪о
ôʲôǶŶԷѡ񣬲ϧŶԷะ
ΪԸԵ𽹬꣬Ϊ롣
ҲΪȻİΪǰ·š
Ѷ̧⽫һͷѪдķֽУԸʱסħѱѦӵѰ𱨸ҸطúЦЦһҩޣǵö໤Щ
ֻһ¡
΢΢ȴǽӹֽҡ
ͷֻȥܾ£㾡Լﱸһ֣ɻħѵ𽹬ϻ֮µ˶Žһнˣʬ
á
һ£룬򴽣ֽ̧̺齻̺㣬ݳĻǣҸطţպлᣬҸ˵һԲ𡣡
ݳű̺飬üͷǲħ
Ҳɣ
ЦӦϻʱ˶Ժϻ̫ˡħݳ︴Ҫɻ顭
򴽣벻ͨ
ǰң취лħƫѡһǣǿɣлſݳȥħΪʣΪʲôأ
ţʦĵ£ħȡһưǣ֮İǵξʦ㣬ֱۡˣúõ׹
㻳ɡ
һɣݳħİǡնʧȥǣǲʧȥһ˵ʧȥģǰ䣬õʱ򣬷ӦìܣĽ䰮һС˵ǲǺħ
أǲǣ
׷ʣ룬ֻǡ
ݳȷħһưǣѾֻأһˡתͷű̺飬ĿºͣΪݳħ޹ء
չݳݳβϰݳΪݳ
ڰУлŵģŻѪҪӣ᲻ᣬһ㣿ģҲݳ
ŻĻѽ̺УȻħǣӦӦѱ̺ңᱻ𣿡
Ѹ̺ĸ֪ռȻûպҲʡϾһЦҲ֪ݳĹϵ
ԼĹϵ
̨ȹƣȵҹˣվƣ߰ɣȥˡ
ѵײײߵѦӵԱߣȥѦӵѣˡ
Ѧӵã̧ͷһץߣҸҸطţøħɱˡ

ѦӵưѲѣԼֻߡšۣ֮ʲôȵȣһãø

ͿѦӵƿǰȥһѰѻץãͿѦӵüͷ׷ʣְʲô
ôˣ
ЩͷۣѦӵ˵˺þãѹˡ
˻ƸѦӵ뿪Լһ˻ݣϴֱӵڴϡ
ڴ֮ǰԺţ֪лǲѾ֮磬һ֮磬Ӧɡ
ʱлһһЩڿЩˡбһѰ׵ĸӡҲбҹסˡ
ҹ꣬ſڣͷҹ꣬졣
Ҽòʱ̤żҲ̼֮һۣӴ˾ˡ
˵ԼԼӵĹ
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˵źԼ롣
ĸһ𣬺ƺǲʹ۴ޡ
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֣лžţʵҲЩˣҲˣͷһΣʼЩˡ
˵һģ˻һμͻһ˿ҡ
˵ԼӣԼյ֪뻨ɻ飬ʱãִһ˿ϣܼ뻨׽һЩҪ
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죬⣬̲סڣҪɣ
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СҲΧлѯʣʿҲܳɻôʶİƢϲʲô
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˸飬һ˦˦ԴЩѡ
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̧ۣлſ㰮𣿡
⻰̲סЦˣˮ˶Щģ

ֿڣѦӵϴһл֡
ûһоӴл
˲ɢƣڶ۾
˯ɡ
лſڣ·Ǵĳħоܱ߿ʼû硣
˵ţлŷſߵǰ
ӳֳһɫǸŮ
עһȡһ·źӣᱧ
źһ̣ӻ۾һ˫ƻ۾˫۾ܸɾȾǡ
лŶһƬ̺󣬾ͿӤЦ۵֣ƺץסʲô
һ̣пȻգϣ͹
ӡסˡ
Ѧӵлŵɫɬڣ㡭̫ģܻ¸ġ
⻰лŻ̧ͷֻʣһ𣿡
ѦӵһƬ̣лţ㡭
л˵ͷһ۴ϵĻ
ͻȻֻèũŶİϡ
ͻȻЩס
ŻӤþãֻһ
ʲô
Ѧӵ죬ûӦͿлŵֵںӶͷ
ܵٻr鼸Ǻԥ˳ָⱼ塣
Ѧӵʶʲôæ㡭
û˵꣬лϱǣܱߣ˻֮⣬˶лŵ俪
ѦӵݺײϣϽͿлŵ۾ɺɫֿлɫ
ƺڽԼӷڻࡣ
Լ֪ܱʲôֻлŵ
͵ͿڣұԼ㡣ܾܳãǡҿ
ңɷǣףлǿЦԲ𡭡
䣬ǡ
ˡ˵ңź
˵ŬţỬ
лŲӣԼӤƺ֪ʲôʼ۴ޡ
̧ͷлؿڵ˿ڣƺǽʲôſȥ
ߵſڣѴ򿪴š
ſһ˲ѩӶ룬ϻ˵ڵϣҪ
ԶӦ˿쵽ˡ
˵ˣʱҲˡ
̲סͷأѩƮȻ£ӤޣܱаԼԶհ
Ƭ̺Ჽ˳ȥ
Ѫڵѩŷõʯשһһ⡣
ŻĺӣЩʧ֮ˣʹʧ֮ˡ
ɵսг
ƺ֪ʲôܲϿգԼ֮
Թ˼䣬Ժиֳ֮磬лͤһԾ
ʡ
Ϊʲô
ΪѡƶǶ
Ϊѡң
ֻ߹Ӧãȴδһ̡Ӥޣ֮ʱ֪
ʶ
˰ţṲˣ̲סè˼̼֣İ˼ܿܿ
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ôѡһ£޷ϵ飬ڰ
ƶԵһ֪ǶǺģվѡơ
ЯѰǧɽˮףѡԵζζѡڡ
һ̣ߵͷŻ򿪣ſվŵʿ
ڴˣΪ׵콣
лţ֪rĴڣɵûҳţ㡭
ҡ
лƽ˿Ц˽rߡɱߡߣҡлš
㡭
ʶԸ׽٣л̧ͷƽϡ


94 ȫ
̾ڶ, ӿ
һͷٶУչ¶â
˾ǰ, ȾѪ, ڰ׷ƽȴ, Ӻ, ֻʣţˣ
r, Ϳ̿, лƽȣѭҪΪ˳е
û˸ðװȥ, Ҳûúûš
ųrߵ·޹֮ܺ, ȴҪ˳
ὫڻϣҪˣȥΪ, һףɽ١
лŵĻӱ֪ľ, ˵Ƭ̧̺, ڣˡ
Ļ⻰, ˱֪콣ڵľ
һ˱ȫƺκһŶľ, ľȴҲӲӦ
˿лţƬ̺˼˿
λлӦ¾׽ٵĳǰӡӢ÷˸վһߣӢ÷۾ȫˮֻʣţʲô𣿡
лŲ˵۾ԶӺޣŮӼУ˻ʹ
ԶӤޣЦſ۾ǰӢ÷º͵ʦ壬һŮպһȥ
˵ţǰֳ˫ָһɺſģ˼ˮͷλʦ壬æտ
Ȼ
Ӣ÷ᣬæͷȥȥǶտ
Ǿͺá
л˵ţ˵ʲô룬վգֻɡ
⻰һ£нӡʼ׼
ʲôлڵr궯
лţˣʲôʲôǱȻҪ𣿡
rŮԺһʱ֮䣬Щĵ׵Ķӵ֮Ľѵɱ𣿷Ҫˣĺӣɶˣ
ΪǾܻˣ㲻꣬ôӣ㲻˵պҪһӵ𣿡
ЩòȻαӣųr飬ǻŹǻ㲻ǵĵ𣿡
rʶз˶һлŶл˻
ал⣬Ա˾迴лţлű۾ĽĬ
˵ˡݳСС쳣侲һȥɡ
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лţŮͷЦݣѩ
ӿʱڵӤ۴ޣѦӵιҩźڷҡΣŻſԱ߸ԼϺҩѣһֱô죿
ˣ
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r͸֧Ѧӵ̧ۿ˻һָۣιһЩҺҩɫʱӣݽߣҪþá
Ѳ˵վߵߡ
Իʶһֱڶ᲻ͣ۽£ѿַŵֱϣԴԴϹ뻨ϡ
ѿŴϵˣɫƽǰ˵˭ҪϲһëͺƴҲҪ˺
Цô㲻л걻˵ӣŲˣ
˵ţ뻨֮С
ڳˣѰ˸ӿ㣬ˮ뺣ڼ֡
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Ҳֹʲô
лѾrӡ֮УǻҲ޷Ťת
ӽݽߣɫԽҰףŻֻ֣Ҳѡ
˵ţ۾תͷѣֻһѱ˼
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˵ţվѦӵбӣӤУŻһѪ£ڹ㳡֮ϡ
һ·Ǻϻˣǽԭء
ʱлվڷ롣
ڹУѩƾ档
r鲻ϸչĵ¡һ档
ԻĽߵļʣɱ¾ԻĿ־壬Ĳ⡭
rŴһȻ⼫µУΨһܹģǻ
ٺһ˽Ļ֮һԾĻһ˶Ļڻþһһϲ㡱Ļ
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һΣôְȸоνҸĴڡ
ǵûĻ
ϲ磿
ϲ
Ǿͺúüסָо
Ͽ֮һ԰ΪʼΪաϲŻе¡
ϲ


Ժ쳤ƣվˮԱߣƻӳݡ
ǧƣһԸ
л̧һ˦Ľգڰлת
زɫâ˷ӿºͶݵϢӿĽ
ΪΪº֮Ϊ֮
ǿ̲ס򸩵Ľÿһռ䣬rлšҪҿԸҿԸһС
лûлԼһӰлŵӰغһ
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˵ţɶֱᴩ壬紺ɨȥrмглš
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ݳӰһͷװ׹в쿴
˸ŹŶӣƬ̺лЦݣڣֻ˵ͷ
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㳡ߴѦӵѱźվ
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rٻаħһ˶˴ϢŽٺϲã˼䲻ͬطͷһɢƺ¶Ĺâ
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ԸΪеҵϡ
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ѦӵԷ̾Ϣôôɵúõģѧ˼Ҹʲôأһô꣬ˣԼҲ㣬룬ֹ۵ܺ˵˵Ҳˡڻƶ𣿡
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˶߶
л֣ڵ棬ˡ
˺þãһӰڻǰ

ǰɫߣһ㶣ݳǲš
ɱrʱһǵֿˡŻӣлſڽ͡
˵ţݳŴݳ
ҲҪֻˣݳºͣ㣬ض뺣
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ףá
ɳƿڣݳû˵
Ƭ̧̺֣⿪Լߡ
һ忡º͵ݳǰлŶ˼ڼҸ׽˼ֱ䣬ǡǡʱϲģ
ҳ꣬Ҿͱӡ
ݳϧûлˡҸ㿴ɡ
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ᣬЦҪ꿴һϲ
Ǿ̫ˡ
ݳ˵̧꣬ͷ
ʱˡ
૳ƺоٻͷߡ
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˵ţȥ·֣ʦã±ټˣϻɱҸϳȥ
֪ˡ
Цſһһ߽š
˶뿪ŷ
ͣסӣŻԱߵлţǿãʣϲǸС
ǡ
Цʦ㻹ǵá
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ŷ翪ڣлţþãڵСлô
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лųŷͷԥƬ̺Ժ󣬰Ͱˡ
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⻰ŷӦͷ˲ԶһۣϱᣬǷģһչ˺Լģ
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ǳţϣϵڲ
һУлŲߵѦӵߣͷѦӵڻеĺӣѦӵ޵һѱһᣬлŹҭŽӽ
㡭ȸŪԵģҸ˵ٹȵĶǡǳԵͨ˳ԵĶȽϺáлűźӣѦӵĻĬԡ
Ѧӵڸռ游ıʹУĶҪû¶һ취
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꣬ϻħ֮λΪһħ
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˵ֻ֮󣬱
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պǻкܺãܳһ
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лתŮڷУ޷΢ңĿ˼ºͣһʱʲô
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