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İ
ֻ̡һԼԽǼ磬ϲź壬˯գͻȻ
Ǽʾ:ãǹ򣬲˯㡪
ë׵ͷʪ۾
Ǽʾ:㡭ʲô֣
ɰҮ
Ǽ磬ǾõȻ仯гսʤ̭һǿ塣
սֱҵˣǿʿؿʯͽֹܡ
ֱһ죬һλճCλ
ֱֵ䡣
ֱİһ
һ֪:ovo
#ôŬĽ̴ִȴҳ#
#û뵽ҲǱǸ#
*Խһ죬һֻëס
Խڶ죬һֻë״
:d(bb)̡ͿԼộֱã
ֻЩë׺Щһû£
Ӵϲ˳žͼ̵ӡ
֣Щ̡ǵͷӣδĲ鳤ǡ
Ǹ˵׺׵Ԫ˧ôҲˣ
Ƕά˹һԪ˧Ϊս޲ʤӢսΪ˳ݾӢۡ
Ԫ˧Į飬˭˭
˾Ҳ
һ죬Ԫ˧ΨһһƬСıϣսսȥһ
ⲻϲǸߣϲԴ׵Ļ𣿣
ûãǶά˹ĸ˻ˡ
ô
ΪµʵͷѪͻȻ缦
̬ϲëסȴ֪ԼǱġ
ĻߡճԸǼëס
ĶָС:
ų򣬳˹ë׶Ϊǵļ໤Ȩ
Ǽһֻ̡
ë׵Сģ߼еӲ
Ǽʼܿգ޷趨ҪɣһǴ仨Ϲġ
뷴Ķĵ
ݱǩ Ǽ  ֱ ȳ
ؼ֣ǣ  ǣǶά˹  ղ
һ仰飺Ƕ
⣺ҵҸ
ƷһԽǼ磬Ϊһֻ̡ΪһڻûǮҲû֤ҶھİҵһֱĹʵ磬ûֱΪԼõ̫ϲ֪˿ԽԽ࣬ҲӶĳë׵̣ԽԽѽɵıչ˴ǼһеǣֱԼһڽëǣеܰ˻һЦ


1 
ʱϻź壬˯㣬ŰԼģɵһĶ²᲻Щ˿ǼʾѲ߶ӿķ
ס˸Ƿ
컹ڵϣȺ̡һ˯һԼȺˣһƬȫµĺ
ʼΪԼǱ˳嵽ʲôİĵطֱһֻ㡣
㿴ʱһ룬Ҫһ
ʱСڶƵ۾գգֻ·ģڵϵʱԼΨһģûҲܸ˵Ķ
û뵽ͣԣñС۾ʵĸģ
˵һ룬ΪԼһֻ㾫
Ǻ̡
ţȴûע˵ĻһֱûͣĶﷺһһ/ֲ̫Ƴȥ·һֻСźš
һ£һ£죡
һμ棬ôôʧ¡
/ַ׷ȥһĴ/֣ʮ/ˮ´ܡ
ͻȻǸ/ּ⣬ΡΡðˮ档
ԾҰҰ죬һسСʲôʱ
¶ԻĿյı飬͵
ԲҵĴ/Լ뷨
˵ţǸðˮĴ/֣ŬԼˣҪԼѺãŤȥġ
̲סЦˣλŤִкķʽЩر
ҲצӣС/ִצϢϢ
С/ʱ򣬷·һ̲Һ壬ҲȾһЩۺɫ
֣
ҲԼĴ/ֱֵһ㣬΢ģĴдӴĵطЩƣжûˡ
ˣ
ֽҲ͵ɹİɣǿϰɣȻǼʾץˣǾˣ
Ҳ͵ɹġ
һ£ûǼʾǸʲô
ĻȻ򣬡ԭȷ
ľͲˣǴӵ۹Ǳ͵ɹģɴŴ󲿶͵͵ߣ׼Ƭ½
Ѿ߲ˣͣһ밶ԶˣĴ/᲻
Ҳ˳ഭ
һߺ¿ˮ
ţԽԽĬ
ʲô۹ǵ
ʶԼѾڵˣ㿪ʼСĵ׻ֶ޷
֪642꣬ʷû࣬һȺëھֺ󣬿ǣǵĶǺһ
Ϊ̺ͳ⣬Ǿսܶʧкܶ
ײг㡣
ں̡û˵ֻ˵壬ʧʷˡ
ͻȻǼһֻ̡
Ĭˡ
߶߶ܾã־Źһʱ䣬Сʱȥˣʱʧɫ
˵ˣҪϽϰ
ǰҪϵʽ
ԶûеȻʲôҲò
ΪϲԼΣòԼС/뿪
뿪󲻾ãǼʾ쿪ķŷ˸ͱ¶׳סˡ
ΪľȻΪɶڹţЩϰԲһַǳ⡣
ȻҲûи͵ɱץҪǼʾץߵġ
ӵ۹˵ץߣᱻץȥĻڿΪ۹֤߲ãҪߵֻ֤ܸ߼۴ִﹺ
һ֪ĺɫ档
Ϊֳ֪ʶ뵽Ͳˡ
Դһ֪
ڵϵľǱȽžģʱ˵¡
̬ԼϾһ壬뿪ˮյģţһˮëëϣȻѺȥڵĸ߶ȣˮˡ
ͷһθַ紵ƨ/ĸоٸ棬̽ͷ̽ԡ
ʾϵСƶ˵лȥڿǼʾˮһڣԱߵͬ˵
ѾƬץٴNT-4͵ɹˣ½ǵжŵôܡ
NT-4ǵ۹߾򣬺ǲ࣬λڱ߾Ȩ̫Զôòǵ۸
ö֮Щطû˹ֺ࣬ɫУǿԼĴǰζ
ǵǼʾʮ꣬˾ʱҲֻ꣬һҵܵﵱǼʾΪϣԿǸĪ־ˡ
õǼʾı׹ʣżץ͵ɹĵ۹ϣ֤Ǳгȡһ֡
ѾԼűˡ
̵һ̵ţ׷
ڵ۹νץȥ󹤣޻̸֮ǰЩ˽ȥɵģôȥڿ
ǵ۹ϲֹܵİֶΰˣǼʾ÷ˮˣԴ֪
ֻ󲿷̵ֱ˶ҵҵȥǮˣû˻ȥҥԡ
ǵͬһۡ
ͬ龫ȴģûлشĻ
Ǽ״ˮЩǵʵûã
ͬ鱾һֻ⬣Ϊ֢Ĳ֢ϵĴԽԽӲˣԼ
ȥҽԺˣҽѱĴ̰˲٣ҲûֹЩ̵ٶȣÿ춼Ҫȥܰδ̵ʹࡣ
ͬ಻ԡ
ǻ˵ʲôȴҲ֪Լﲻʲôæɿ֢Ĳֻ֢ܿԼȥ
Ҳ
ԷһеŮ˵Ŀѵ򿪲š
ǰ°ťȥűˡ
ĬûвĵģŹ˵Ȼȥ׼õĸλ
һ鷳ĳ򣬱ĵ۹񲻻˵滰ǽǧٱ飬ƣֻա
Ӽһֱɹе
ιȥȴûȰ˵
ѵǸưͣ
ɻ߹ȥ
ԭأŹԹﲻĿ䵽ԲϣԾһ¡
⡢ʲô
۾ͣץϵͣĪҲôˡ
⵽Ǹʲô֣Ϊʲôûм
ɻɻ󣬹ȴԾ˵
ãǼʾ͵ɡ
ֻצ˵Ҳ͵ɹġ
ſĶǰСֻһ׳Ǽ籾ܴˣСɡ
Բģһֻǳɫӣĺһ
ģʲô޺С
ˣãǹ򣬲˯㡪
ͻȻסˡ
Ŀ⾼ض
ֻֻצƵһߣֲʧȵԼë׵ϰצӴĿӣ࣬żͷ΢΢ۡ
ע⵽Ŀ⣬ͷʪ۾
·ʲôˣ̲ססԼؿڡ
ôôɰΣ


2 
Ǽ磬ǽǿ׳֮ӦģǱӴΡ
˵һһսϴºƽԾɳǿ⵼ˣѾ֪ɰΪ
ȴԼᵽϡеĸоסԼҪ֡
ԱǷ㽻
Ƶˮţôɰôһ㣬ܻܿûг꣬Ǿһֻˡ
ɰ̰ǧܰˡ
ĻɵصͷѸղŷȥצӣ·ϣȦţΪ̫ˣ̲ס΢΢ſ죬¶һ׵⣬΢ձ߳ĺһһġ
һȰؿΪ棬ûдߴ
棬Ϊ׼
Ǽ˵Ĵ󱳾ͬǸճʱ̣ڳ£ǻ᱾ܱεģʱһʮҡ
ȻͲǼʵˣСֵĺ̡βܣҪһСɡ
ǵһαεʱ⵼ԺҪΣҪԼˣŻ˳Ρ
ִֻ̡̯࣬һ̡
ڼܵһֱڶҲûúߣǰڶ԰ԻʱԱŸڱݣĿⲻʲô
εһ̣ɵס˺
һͷ΢꣬ϴż򵥵ĳ㣬ͷ¶ĲСɵĺ΢΢ţ۾ë׵צӱ޳ָָԲԲģŷ۵ɫ
ƿס۾ƣ¶Լ΢ۿ
̫ûб˵˵ϸأֺü䣬˵ѽ

Ǻ͹ǰ棬ǻͷһ۹ԹԸһЦЦʱβ΢΢´Ҳܺýӽں棬һӣʶЦЦ
Щӿ죬ѸٻعͷؿԼ˻
װʲôû߳ŭСԼͬ顣
˵͵ɵˣҪԣǿϢ˵ûУסĶ˵ˡ
һ֪Ҳûʧ䡣
ǡ
ƭӡֱ˻ȥʶͷֵõһöЦݡ
ǣ
޺޵ػͷԼСƭӹƻˡ
˵Ͱ͵ɹĵ۹ãôô
һ˵ˣ˵ɣ㵹Ǹ˭Ҫ۵ġ
һϢȷ۹ǵð䣬ҲʲôǰƵˣŻġ
һһǱңͨ˻ծҪʮ꣬Ǽʵ˾ʮңծʱ䲢ܳȻծˣҲϤߵ뿪ˡ
ǣʮʮ򣿣㲻β𣿡
֢Ĳ֢ɲΣĲ֢Ҳֻܻ⣬ÿķÿ࣬ջۣҲ١
ֻǸС죬׬ĻҲһ㣬ǲ⣬ǲʲôħ
Σõöٵö٣۵ǵۡ
Ǳš
ȥص·ϣԺ󣬹һ£ѹóƵĵԼѡλ
ǰֱӰߡ
ǵֲסӡ̫ˣ̲סҪһкõĶ
΢£ѡֱ


3 
û⣬ֱЩҵ˴ϲھͷǰԼֱҲһֱǲȱ˵ġ
ȻѡˣͰ͹ȥǷҪһ
һ·߼·̲סͷģֲ֧
֪Ҳϲġ
Ǻܿ쵽Ǻֱͽȥ
룬ûϣǱĿ⾼ضǡ
ĿⲻԾ䵽ڹߵϡһ˲䣬ҲʧƬ̣ôˣûһָо
˺̲סҪ׽ΪҹëĽһ˲ƽϢ
̲סſţͻȻͷ˸͡
һ㶣Ϊ˵ллһһЦݡ
ƿĿ⣬̲ססԼͨ
СƭӡСһɰ
ָ߽ͻ¼⣬ֻǩͼEֺֻͬͬҪڴͻ˾ɽӹ
Һùһ·Ȼ֡ʶҲֻϹ
ͬЧĹĻһ£ϢˣѾǺֱ֮һˡ
뿪ǿȥסĵط
ӵ۹͵ɹˣȻоסķӣǼʾ̵õ֤Ҳᰲסĵط
ǣܻеª
վһЩϾɵǰǵͰĺǽǽһЩɽɫֲ
Ų֪ʲôǼʵͺϳɲϣû⣬ܿһʱˡ
һһҡ⣬ָ΢΢һ꣬ҳʧָ⡣
ûвվſڣܾúͻأ
Ӧסڸõĵط
ţӵĿⶼԹ
ǶϤƨһ֪ʲôƨΪ˷ֹʲôŹæ˵ûʲôǾˡ
Źܣ룬ַȥƮ˵ʲô£ǡ
¶΢Ļллǡ
̲ס࿴ۣû¡
ó֦һ̯͵ǰûȥԡ
֦·ϵʱ򣬹ģ˷ųЩʣµĶǶ¿֦ܾˣŰɣҲû١
ҡҡͷǣ˵˵ǲЦˡ
Ŀ뿪ϸһ˿˼
֮ǰΪ˵Сʵˣ֪ʲô֢Ĳ֢һ·϶עš
ʼʱԼҲһ⣬óȻþȥ̽ˣǷǳòġ
ֱǵ̸ʶԡ
ֲ֢ȻصỺضһ˵
ѣþĵز鿴һ¡
оڵľǱŵĸ˿Щжˣֱֱ͸һ˭˭ļơ

Щ˼飬Լľҳˣܳ˯ǻе˼ֻҪÿȥҽԺθ̾С
°ͣ΢һҲˡ
ʲһǿǿ󣬾ҲԳźܾãֻϵһЩëʼֻǻ֮ƣģûл֮ͻ˵
ֻ񲻽оп֢
˵֦ϸԼľϻԶһҳһŵľ
Ժлٰѹй˵һ¸ε顣
ûʶжô˾ȣֻǾôõĹӦھ֮¡
Żָƽ֮ǰѾڹİ¼ָƣŴһ飬¶һĨЦݡ
Ҳиˡ
ô̾꣬Ժﴫһ춯ʲôе
һӦǣܾû˾ס᲻᳤ʲôҰ
ֱ򷢳ĵطһŤ˵ĹβͲݣŲᣬʧˡ
һ
һֻǳɫСڵϣСԴצӣ۾գʪıŵİζŵһᣬѶƤˡ


4 
С̵һ˲䣬۾һʱҪȻ˼ͣ
˵ⷿѾãҪסˣǲڵġ
վֻСǰûóȻȥùԵչȫλ˸գȥ
ظ
㰴һ¹ĻԱߵİťԽ¼ӰǸļҵСܳˣȥһ¡
ܿ죬¼ӰҲ˹ȥ
㿪ֿ˿ǳɫС̣üͷ΢壬ǲ֪ʲôʱܵ󣬰ϵ¼Ӱˡ
ǣǷΧûһǽëȮİɡ
Ұ¼ӰݿȥԱһ¾֪ˡ
ǰ͵Ժȥ
˵ĹͻȻһϢǼʾӳȺģǷ£ȥֿܾᡣ
ӳһϲЩڵʽ飬ֻкҪ飬Ż֪ͨ˿ᡣ˲ҵæϹȥ
ϵܾ֣߰棬ӳһվ̨ϣص׳һ仰Ԫ˧ˡ
ڣһλԪ˧ֱƹǿľӣսԱ棬ȨеľȨһУҲΨһԪ˧Ƕά˹Ԫ˧
δ䣬һƬȻ˼ֱӱԭΣһȺߴߴš
Ԫ˧ˣôܣ
֪Ԫ˧ǲ˵ô˧
Ԫ˧ʲô
ǴԵһͱȻǺһƵطòҲʵʽ
Ԫ˧ô˾Ȼ򣿣
˿Цǵ۹ľҪߵ½ɡ
ӳҡҡͷµ˶ʱһ
۵ûȵʱ򣬴ӳع۲ǣֻ˵עһΰҲ£ͽɢˡ
Ǳ
ΪӳҪһȥɹչԡû뵽Ĵӳ䲻׳һը/
ӳüͷԪ˧ʧˣǸ
˴󾪣ϢǶûϿ˵һжţԪ˧ôôͻȻʧ
ӳûôܻ䣬Լ֪˵һ¡
λԪ˧;ǣǽźͻȻʧҲ粻ϣԪ˧һʧģĸ١
Ժ˺;Ҳ֪Ϊʲô˴²ҵԪ˧ǽȴȻûҵˣѾִٴ´ҪעԪ˧١
һè壬ЩСϺҵˣòӣǱˡ
ͬʱһߡ
ΪǻС̴ߣϢǸظҵС̵ļ֮ǰֻܰչһ¡
ԣ۾΢ʱظ˹
õģ
ʲôģȻụ̂ͦġ
ǰʱΪߣë׵С̣ȥԱΪԣСǶرϲϴա
뵽ǰѾʼһëԼ˵ˡ
ڣĿ䵽ΨһСϡ
С̲֪ǲԤϵʲô΢΢һ͵ʪ۾
ذָץ°ʹ⣬ϲ۾Ҳǽɫģúÿ
СС̣߰˸£ֻצӷ۵ģĲ˲ȣﲻֹط
ЦڶߵС䣺ϲ̣Ҫͽneeiˡ
С̣
ȻǿЦģСľģֻСצ˸飬ְë׵ͷһ
ȵϢС۾΢΢ɴ󣬱һ㿹ܵı顣
ȻĪĲ˵Ŀô׽ûйľСһצĵϣ΢һԺ㴫˺Ѱʹ
СյſȥԲԲС޹⣬΢š
ҲֲԾСϳζһɵѪζ
ϵЦ΢ѵ־С˸飬Сβϣһ˿ڡ
Ǻ±˴ǸطС̵βͲ̫ͼסϵβͼ
ǿˡ
ɫ΢΢һС΢΢壬ͷһûвԸȥ˿ڣ˿ڲС
ë߽ӣƾɵģܲϣڰеӫĻżһ˿Į̇Ǽʵĸ߿Ƽ
Ƚ豸۽磬ϧû͡
ϵͳ˽룬ɫĮ̇ػеãСߣҵĵ816λˣҪʲô𣿡
Ȼֵ㱻һ˻񣬵ãСߣҽˡ
еõģϴ
ɻʱ򣬰̨ǰһȹһţһԲͷԲԵĻ߳
СߵǰԲԲĶϳһĻеͰͣ漴óһƲµ
Сֻϥôߣվһ˵С߹š
С̡
֪ΪʲôС̧ͷһۣȻ׼С˵Сβͣʱһİ׹⣬˵Сβȴûкת
ĹâСߵͷ˵Բǵİ汾̫ˣβˡ
ֻûõĻˣŻ˵ҪȻ͸ṋ̃ˣȻ˻ȥһµġƯġõĻˡ
СһĹâĹâһ


5 
ȵ䵽ͷСߴûиܵ¶ȣûбָ𣬶ᣬмݵͷ
ûϵ԰׼һȵ𣿡
С̧ͷȵĴͷŲĻеָ΢΢һõģˡ߻ذ̨С䣬СŹϣһƬڰвٿذ̨ûͻȻһ£ͷ
ֵֺĸо
λ˶һĹ֭
ֻ̨ĻеֱۣһۣСɳϡ
С̾ǺܺãβͼĵطһȦɫѪգ˿ڱȴƽˣǾˡ
ѪһȦѪ͸
ΧûбˣС̵ͷȻƷ˵ĵط
ͱֲ̫һΪԺûеõʲôûпռ䣬ܸȡľǳǿ
ΪԸȽƽͣҲǺܾйԵͣŵ츳
ձʱûӴˣСڲԾ΢΢ţëֱܿ췢⣬˿ڴһȦɫѪյĵطһȦۿľǳԽԽҲԽۡ
Ҳǲܽԭⲻͨ˿ڣ˹Ϊ֮
һʹݵֶΣ̬
Һܽ
ƿֻС̵βͣһƿʱȦɫѪѾûѪˡ
С̲Ҳͣоûеʣѵûʹ飬Сۿһۣܿ˯ȥ
ֵرС̳ȥ˿ڵĵط࣬һֻĹӡ
С˵ϣļܾҵ㡣
˵Ҳܾҵ˺֡
СһһϢ㿪ǺֱĴ߲վ̡
װEãӺͬѷաעͬһÿҪֱһСʱȡEͬı׹ʣȱһҪʱʮСʱȱʧȥ׹أŬŶޣ~
̧һʱ䣬ʮʮ֣ͬʱҲǺͬЧĵһ졣

û뵽ǼʵʱҲ˵顣
ûãҲ֪ڵֱʲôʮӵʱ俴ֱ
򿪹ϵֱȫϢģʽǰһɫĻȵһͷһֻ˫ĿǰĹʿ棬ıƫƫһ˵ɳζܵݱЦЦ·
ǽʹߵֱ䣬ֱӵһֱܵ䡣
յȥǰӹһ˿׹⣬һ㳡ϣܿܶǰ棬ʱʱըĻ̫ߣ羹Ȼ˿١
һ˲䱻ֱܺģʽֱʲôô˼ô󺰴С
治һֻë׵
ԭҶϲëװ
Цеǰߣֱⶨλмֱ֣֪Ĭ˵һ֣Թģʽ
ϲֵˣϲյϲģʽ
һģʽԴӽǿ
һֲӽģʽǴֱ˵ӽǽйۿģʽҪһֱõ
˰켷ȥоԼʱ䲻̫ˣֻźĳ
ʱѾʮʮˡ
ֱ򿪣Լһֱ䣬ȴ֪ҪԼıΪֱ档
ʱֱžһԭΣƯڿе΢һ¼ͼϴ档
ֻǸĪøҲûʶõĽ֮ǶµɫСëͼƬᱻһ²һ߷ˡ
ԭɳǰë̺ϣǺƯڰеСأʾķ2/0Ϊֻɳ˯С̡
һ㼱ٸжûС
ԭΣЩɵˮ˯ϵë
ɫëë̺ϣë̺Ҳɫģע⿴᲻СĺԵ
Сðѹ֭͹ԭε÷·ֱĲӺȻһ£Сߵ˲輸֭û
Ķ˵Сëŵע⣬צŵأ΢΢̧¶ë׵СԴ۾ʪıǼ΢
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С߹ȥȫղŵʧ룬ǵģСˡ
ûƺı仯ЩϲؽӹװŹ֭ĲСҲУ˺һԵĶҪɻ䣬СذĹ֭һСɵ
С̺ԭμΪƵıӶ˶һʹ˯ˣҲ۾Ʋͷ
Ц¶׵⡣
ллСѽ
ֱҪһ𣿡
׼ԼСݵСͣ½ŲɫĻеֱֱؿȥ˵Сʲôᡣ
ûϵҲʲôᡣ
˵ţһ̵֭ζڿǻ¶һĨҸı顣
ûǰںȥһٶһ٣ԱԺ켣ͳһƽƽ̰С֡
֭ˮ
С߿ȵôˣӶ˶Сǰ֭Ҳ˵ɫСëǰ
ϲͶȵ㡣
С˵ϲӾ𣿡
βͣѽ
䣬ǰĵذͻȻһذ½β͵ʱһܿӾسǰ
ϻƮĻ
ԲۣǮˡ
ͼѣĸģôû˵ʵеɰʲôQAQ
עͻȻֵӾȥˣȫûע⵽ֱˡ
ǰĲ輸۵ذȥˣ߳һСԲͷϵķǿһѹ֭£˵һˮС
ζȦ˷ܵðˮ棬ſɳϵС̡̣
С˯úúõģͻȻס˺ƤסԼظϲմˮĵط
ллСߡ
ˮ棬ĵسӶë׵ǰצ
С߶ؿӲ˵ûϵϲͺá
С̺ܲϲͱ˽ӴϷ·ϣܾΣƵģȥ
΢Сȫĺ󾱣ȥС̶ʱ
ſĻţȻֻˣǿԴк
ͷƵˮƯţֻצһţë׵¶һ޺Цݡ
ǽֱëоĹڿһŶ
ë㲻Ҫôǰɡ
ͼѣɰܵŶҪһ֮ġ


6 
ͼǽһУ٣ͻѧУɹǽȥǱרҵѧģУܿԡ
һѧҪвԵѣϾʱܶࡣ
ͼҲûиȥͼݲϣʵԼϢʱῴֱָ
ֱʱ򣬰񵥵һλܵ
ֻȥһӣ޿̵˳ˡ
֮ǰսӰ죬ǼʵֱеøַʽչʾԼԽǿԽùܻӭ̶ȣ˿ѷɫȦӰӰ
˸ؿʯʲô˵ǷֵһֽСĶͼѿԺֻ˵ǻȡ衣
ϵֱݶǧƪһɣۼԼŵϢʱҪȥͼѲ̫ͷ½ϻָ
½˵İ񵥣˼壬˽İ񵥣Щ˻ûбڵͬʻֱݬ룬ԵһϲˣɵĿ/лǺġ
ͼ淭ţԽԽ죬ɿһϲķ档
ǰʲôͼͣ»ָٷȥһ档
һŰɫĲ輸ͬɫɳһּҾߣΪչʾԼĵߣͼѵĿⲢûעЩ
Ŀ䵽ɫĵ̺ΪһֻɫСϡ
Ǽ磬̣ܶ˵ԭζǺܾ޴ģԭҪһĵط᲻СİԼҵķӸű
ֻǵ̻άôһСֻ
ȻƬֻɫСëţͼȱ˺úܶ౶û͵̺
ֱƽ̨ϵֻǳˣӶͯǷģͼɿ˺ܶĸ˽ܡ
ǼʱˣôСһֻĳ
ҡ
ͼסӣôСɫСëĺÿɰ
/ľҵţԥص˹ٵֱ䣬һ¿ɰԺ󣬾˵Ҫݸë
ôɰΪ̫Բ𷹰һҪúõȰȰ
ͼѣһķǳҪ±ݸؿʯҲ˳㼸Ӱɡ
֪ʮעҴ½һ·һ꣬жŬÿһµĺˮҳɹĵʯ
Ǹ˵öԣҪͰҺϲΣrua𣿣
Ļ
գû뵽ԼǼʣܱ˰ӣԷĺQAQ
̵˵ллͼѵĽ飬ʱһῴġ
һ£شһλڣллϲ
ش굯ĻʼԼֱݡ
ں̡һëǴԺ̡ϲġҲ顣
ȻǴԣæչ飬Ҳû
С̲Ǻ̡һֻëײϲԼŨܵëأ
ֻצ߸߾𣬷ڶ࣬شһ٣ȱצȣצӷСϣС̵ͷ
˵ȴͷԺĴʹƣҲ·õ˻⣬Сͷһûж㿪΢΢ͷ΢ЩɬıǼצ
õĻӦü䣬ë׵Ҳ¶һϲõЦݣͼѿʱҲ鲻ԽЦ
Ϊ֮ǰֱĬԹģʽڵͶӾرߣ̣¶һĨλðЦݡ
⿴ѾˣֻôӣͼҲһ±ĸо
ӽлõĲӽģʽӽС̵ӽǡ
ֱģʽѹڵȵȣֵȥŬÿ˶ᡣ
ӽģʽͼѾ൱ڱֻС̣ᵽСᵽио
С۾ûͼҲԥһ˲Ȼͷһֻצ档
ⲻղŶСͼ׼׼же㲻ΪȻͷԼֲûСʱ㱻ĸָо
ôСһֻ϶ɡ
ͼѰš
ûŲᱻͷĸоֻֻôһֻܱĵСëţ϶ˬ
ǼţźˮʪζӾģ⺣ߵĸоܰͼһ˲ȥ̲Ǹĩ
һŲȽϸɳ˳һһ㣬˻ӵӵűģӺߴķգ̲סҪԭαһΡ
ϵĴаΪצ治εʮָצͷĺףһ·ֲʧļôӺ﷢һ̾
ͼѲ棬ԼõϢʱҪˡ
СҲ̯һűһصСβˮУĹһˮΡ
ϵצڲͣһЩط֮ǰΪŪҵëëߣֱˡ
ӴϲˮСѹ۾һƬëףڵŵεĺһһ
ȵ¶ȲϴӽӴĵطС̽ɫ۾΢΢һ䣬ڱ˲עĵط˸ӽɫͫ
һֻʲôҰޣһֻû˿С̡
ֱ仯Ҳ˲һ룬С̵۾ָſϣľϲϵءĸ/ŪɢһЩ
С̺ᣬЈ[Ķͣͷȥ
̸ո˯ѣű֮ǰ˺ܶ࣬Ҳһֱݳ޵þ
Ŀû˿⣬ΨһֿĿģ·һ޼ʵĻԭϣͻȻһ仨
ôͨȴ
С̶࿴˼ۣĿƲˡ
֪ôϲΪС̵̬ë׵̲˭ϲı塭˿϶Ķɡ
ôţǿԼƿĿ⣬Ҳûа취㿪˵Ĵɶ϶ԷȴĪغ޶
ЦʱҲЦһ㲻λΣǳͳһ
ǰܶΪɰʶΪ޺ġҪС
ܶʱҲԸⱣԼڱӡ
ⲢһαʵԸܷĵԶȲĵ࣬ЩЦݶޱʵġ
СһҡһεĶ̲ססë׵ͷֻצڹȥֺرܿ˵Сβͣߣë׵Ŀ֡
˵Сʲôо˲ӽģʽͼѼֱҪˡ
ΪôѾˣû뵽
û뵽ѻ̱ͼѸоԼǱë׵ġëȫһɺŵζΧţظ̣۰
ͼ鲻Խһͷðֻè䣬ҡһϸβ͡
βҲ䡣
Ȼ֮£ԭΣҺôֻһ£ֻһ㡣
״Ѿӽģʽˣͼּæֱ䣬ȥǰ俴ֱϵʾ
2/231
ֱﲻ֪Ѿٶˡ


7 
ûвֱı仯һûֱʱ򣬿Եϰߡ
һ棬ƽ̨ıڵÿһֱģʽӰ죬ܻûԹģʽҲѡ񲻿ЩڣťһĬϹرյġ
ǼʿƼһ֪֪һ㡣
Щ˵̫ȣһЩ̧ͷ˿ܣֻйؾɳϵСߡ
ڰƯŵͷ
ͷˡ
ȥС̱ڻ֮࣬ǰëëŪˣС﷢һ·Թ
ԼڵСһ٣ĳͷ·һơ
벻ԼôֿᷢɳܵھֻС̣ܵһЩӰ졣
ôţͷֱë׵צһѣӴ֮䴫ĴУ鲻Խһ
С̣
ͬЩԱյΪֱһЩһʱĵĻ
ʲôʲô档
˱ĲǸëҲᰡ⡣
ɭֻע⵽ԭĺÿɰôûʲôġ
Сǣˮٱˡ
ͼάսͿЩĻʱЩΪ򱧲ƽȻСһ㣬ݾ㲻ϻˮҲֻ˲֪ˡ
ƶЩ˿϶ûҵȷģķ
ֻЩ޴ָԽˣͼάֵߵߵ
ָ漴ڹһô
ͼάλǻӽģʽȷʽ
̬һЩ˵ע⣬Ļֻ
Ǹͼάˮ𣬴ҶԹģʽƾʲôҪӽǰǲǲ˸λ
Сǣٱˣл
ܾٵȱϯ˵̬ȰͼάùǺһΪֵβϵëըˡ
ͼάҲùЩˣЩ˱Ժȥɡôһ룬عص˵Ļרȥĸ
ССִûб˷ϣۿģʽҲֻһ⣬󲿷ΪԼĺģǻ˲ӽģʽ
ǵӽһ˲С̵ӽǡ
Ӱϱ䵽ǵ͵ܵ˳ǰľ󣬶סˡ
С̱ڻͷǣڵ۾峺ʪı΢΢һ·ţЩ̲סԼûϴ裬᲻ζ
ʵŵǵζֻǽС̵ӽǣС̸ɸɾһɱɹζ
Ҳ֪֮ǰСԺﱻɹ˶á
ôһ룬۵С̵Сƨ/ֻ̧̧ëСŬţȴױãȻʧһЦ¶΢׵⡣
ͷʪıǼȥ˲СͬЩʪıǼ⣬Ȼһ壬ë׵ӿޱƣǵضС̴ûģΪߣëѾˣû뵽ᱻŲǼ⣬
ΣС̵Ķضͨģ״̬£Ķŵø߸𣬾ΪֵĶʱݺݵһڡ
С̣
ֱĹǣ
ͼάˣ
ͬСѿˣҺˬô°
ΪʲôôôɰأҴ֪̻˵ëİgiao
ĺúޣءһ𣿣
Сǣ
ǴС֣ǼʱܶëˣԺ󣬱Ƥëûʲô仯ʵӲޱȣ£ҲụëǲŰ
սҲǺܶıֶ֮һ
ö˲֪ΪʲôԼСʱ㱻ĸߣͺԼȸëŶΪʲô
ȻھȻһģëëˣ
ֻһͷ
裬ë׿
ͼά벻Ҫسǰorz
СǣһΡ
˵˵ĻˢˢػȥгЦСġ
ͬСǸǣ֮ǰٱΰɣǸڻһΣ
СǡͶһذ
СǡͶһˮը顫벻Ҫ˼Ŷ
СǣٱˣԲ𣬹𣿡
ΪͶ˻ˮЧѵģϵĹһ񶯣ͷ£ͿСǺǾ仰ĻƮ
֪֮ǰ£Բ֪ΪʲôͻȻǸɻͷԼСͳԵģһһϣ¶ɫ⣬Сһ֪
ţ
СǡͶһǽҶİϽˮԶ֧Ŷ
ϲСǡΪҪֱİһûϣǵ곤þá
Сǣ𣿲һС
ִޱȿŵЧĻƮ벻עⶼУʹЩǽʲôĲô϶͵ֱ﷢ЩͲࡣ
ػѽллСǣҪ̫ˣ˷Ǯ
ĻΪСͶǽ峡ĵĻԾ߷ĻпСǾȻôʵϡ
û뵽˵껰Сֿʼˡ
СǡͶʮ㰮ôôա
СǡͶ˶ʮˮըҲġ

˵Щ¶ֱ䲻ͣЩЧڶˣƫƫǱǽЧ峡˵Ļֵֻĸ
лĻ˵˺ü飬Ҳ֪λСǵĵ㣬һͶô͡
еĻˣʱ䣬ѾʮʮˣһСʱѾȥ²ˡ
æ˵ʱˣټɡδ䣬žһصֱ
޷԰εĹͻȻعʵ
ֱطʾѾһǧˣôãȻ²׬Ǯ
ͼάû˳ȥĻǰһ죡
һֱ˵Ըô޻
޵ľҲû˵»ʲôʱ򲥣ͼάѽֱʱȻ˸ӣ֤»ؾԲ
һУҪѧϰʱ򣬷ˣΪԼԼõϢʱ䵽ˣͼάص׼ܶȴ俴ڵʱ䡣
0022
ͼάԭⲻϢ壬˯塣
ûע⵽ʱŵ˲ֹһСڴϣϴžòĲ԰ףؿϵĹԣͻȻˡ

ʿСĵشţͬһ£Сѵү˯ˡ
ĪҲֻϵĹԣΪ̫ݶͻָؽĻĦţʿ̧ͷܷ԰׵ϣԵһ˿ͻأĺΡ
Īû˵ʲô۾ˣʿûзҲ˿عš


8 
ԭѾ賿ˣֲЩصֱԺҲûæϰͱСӾš
ڼע⵽С̵Сβ͵ˮˣרŰСβû滹˿ڣ˿ڿɲմˮ
ÿΰСβûãСβֻỬˮ
С޹۾Ӽ룬ֲ嵽Լŵ⣬ԭΪС̵ˣʹ˰
һֱɳ϶ǶС̧ͷǰӾضʱذ帲ǣһˮҲˡ
ۿӾسֵʧḶֹ́סؾ̾һСߣ
Сߵһţ̸ĻĻе΢һ漴ָվ쵽ſڣƿţ¶ķ䡣
ӦðճƵĻ˵ӭסСߵĿ䵽װϣ仰Īؿĳ˵ˡ
·ÿ춼ᱻɨȻܾɣȫ䲻Сˡ
˵ǸԺиõġ
Ϊһ͸ṋ̃ĻˣСô˵ʵǺܲģ˵ˣһ˵ķ䣬Ҳôһȥá
λܲһСˣ·ڴܵõʲôش
վûȸߵĻˣôôϲԲͷԲԵģʹûëףҲܿɰûнӴĻˣϲСߡ
ͺͺЩͷллţ̣
СظĻлл㡭
űغϣСΨһһû̻ص̨µС棬ɳϣĿ䵽ֱǿطܾԺ󣬵žĺ⣬ŵ˵ĺܲһ
֪СһСʱԻķŴ
С̷ŵϣԼҲȥ˯ˡ
С̺ܹԣֻڰװͷϣǲ˯һѣͷһ
ǿѷؿյ¶ȵã㱧űӳ˯ȥ
ȻҹΣεԼһ߲סĺܴܴ֣ʯƬԼһ𣬺Ưɫţһ񣬶ɫġҰѪȵͫ
ۣ˸Ƿְ۾ϡ׼˯ʱͻȻֲԾ
ͷϵС̲ˡ
ͷſſ˿£ѱҵ˯űߵС̡
֪ʲôʱȥģĵذС˯òãƺμ˲̫õ飬΢΢ţʱ򻹻׺ݵ졣
ֶĿǰ̬£ɰĳɷ־Ӷ࣬ˣֺЦ
С̣ذѾȥһοûˣںܰȫûܹ˺㡣
̵ֹͣ˲Ͱ͵شͷ°͸ֻСצϣ˯ʱ򣬺﷢΢ĺ
ԼƣС˵СβСĵģһ˯
ͬʱһֱסԺĪ賿ĵʱͻȻһͨϢѼ˶е˲
ĪҪԺ
Ļɫ䡣
ĪһھܾУάҽ˵ˣֻסúҲһ˺ˡ
Īں˵ҷʱҲԶˣάֻѹһܣһǻᷢ
ٷһΣȫܲˣȴľ
ʶĪ˵İʱ򣬾ͻɿ֢ز֢֢Īޱÿһη͸֧һģûǵķ
Ӱûһ뿪
ԸƧĵļˣľò֪ðڳʲô顣
ĪȰһɣΪ˸βԺǡ
Ī׵ɫѿĸֹŻشǲԶֻһӣĪ˵ˣȥĶǶӦ㡣
Ī˾ĻĵĨᡣ
ĪĬĿǣԺе鶼ѾźˣĪ֪ԼҪȥĶżǽ뿪ǣԤƻ󵽴ǡ
һ·ϣĪϵĹԣƺڵȴʲôʱһǣȻΪҪΣĪֻ֤һԼĲѣҲǱһϣ
һߣ˯ŵ𴲣ʱ򣬻СڲԶȥƺڳ߶Զ
ĬĬضһֱСȫӲЦһԴȥϴϴ
ˮС̶ڴϣһߵĶ侯צʶڴϻţ˺ʶԼĸһֻƵĥצӣë׵ܲ
ûз鲻ȥϹȻ׼ǵͣСǰһǳɫΧȹò˵á
С̵צͬظС߳ŵԺһʱϵΧȹѾˡ
극ַ߲վ̡
ѵ𣿡ЩԱգûôڿ߲վ̣û취ӡ
ƱԭΣĴֱʱ򣬷һ˲䣬ͻȻӿܶˣֱ2385
ôôˣֵشյĻǰȥϸĿ֪Լ˶ĳ


9 
սֱĹǴûĳɫСſӾرߣСβͺԲĺ֫ڳرߴţżʶˮĴţˮ齦ЩմСӳĺϡ
ЩСֻצϺһĨ漴Ƶߣ/ǵˮĺϣĶΡΡǿز¡
ֱˣĿҲˮһһ¡
֪ԼֻܴСӣЩڻ鲻Խ֣Ҫǵˮ顣
۷Ź飬һܺгĳ档
ᵽǵ飬ǵˮҲˣͺëһ𣬺ܿʧë±øʣ˼£ſһԵСڻ
ڴεһѶȣΪ˵ȽԲˮ棬ʵֻһ롣
С̱ţȾƷǳŹۣӦǰԱë׶֪ҲܴĶᵽС
ȻˣҲ뷴Ǿܡ
Сͷһͷ
С°͵ض΢΢̧ͷ۾ţ﷢
Ĵ𣬼װҪ뿪һ룬㱻СצӱסС̲ضһۣ߱סֺߺӡ
⸱ֿɰģǵֱĹǷһԼϲá
տͷͻȻûиСȡ֣֮ǰ˵СneeiǿЦСҲ߳ĵģȡһġ
˼һת⣬̧ͷͷ¶һѤõЦݡ
Һãѻ̾ձĦ/Ĵ¶һĨ΢⡣
֪ǣΪС̵ˣʱ޿̲ڸС̣С̵һһС̵ֻǿҡ
СѾĬĬֻǰצֱϣﲻֹط
ë޷԰ΣСֱ̾˽˵Ƕά˹
ĻûôˣֵʱС̾βֱˣ۾ɴ˶
ûע⵽ĲԾڿĻĵĻ
٣Ƕά˹üһԼҺȡ˸Ԫ˧һ֣
sÿɰСӽʲôˣ
ƽƽΣôֱ߳ϡ

ЩĻ֣ûеһʱ⣬ֻѡԼܿĻش
״̬µС̵С䣬ǻ˸߽͵Ƕά˹ȡΪԢȽϺûйҪԪ˧
Ƕά˹ΪΪֹȨҲǼΨһԪ˧ֱ֪˵еԢ⣬ܿ͡
Źǣ˵Ƕά˹Ӣսһλ񣬵kкƽԪ˧ĸĸ϶
ͣͷͬȡ֣ΪÿǵĽܣͿˡǶά˹֣֪ΪʲôܺθڣڲСĺԪ˧ͬȫ⣬մһ죬֪ˡ
Сֽ̣䴳뾵ͷСߣſʼ˽ݡ
ǽֱǽ
άһӵ˿Ĳͷ˿Լճ£ȥֱƽ̨Ϊ˿ϲ
˿ǵҪԽԽߣ²ܰ˿ҵάѹһѣÿᱻԼ䵽ϵëѡ
죬İ˽Ƽһάûϣֻİ˵Ľ濴һ£˲֪ʲôħһ֮ڷʮV˳һֱطŵƵ
άеĵһӦǸˮûûйעˮ񴵺Ǵе˰ɡ
ͼάë׵һάǸˡ
ͼάҷһܺܺˣòӽģʽֱѽǧҪˣĪĪԲ֡
ͼάĺܺ
˼΢ȫֲʺƨֿܳλˮֵܵĴѷ̶ȣ˵˰ںܺ/ܺתơ
ܾûмôˮάѵһ˿Ȥֱ㿪ˮƵ
һֻëףάЩΪ⣬Ǽʵëʵûʲô˵ģԼҲǣ֪ܲνë׵ëжӲ
˵ʲôָУ˵ԼͺãЩΪëϱúͨͨԼάü
ëȫΪϵѹΪ֢Ǽ磬֢һֺձ飬ֺѸĲĲ֢ڲͬ壬ͬһϣֳͬ״̬
ëëձڵ⣬ѹ΢һ㣬ëʹ
ܿӢͺԤ꣬ҲЩʼղԭ
άüƵעȫ棬۵Լͷ겻ʱ򣬶ͻȻһỺ
Ҳۻһ߲ͣ˶ȴᣬ·ŶĤϸظ㽲΢棬Ȫעꡣ
Ƕ϶ģάе䵽ĻϣһЩרעĲһֻɫСӣֻǰ֫צ水ѹϣӡһӣצźܺʵȴţСֱߺߡ
ֻСôԼһ໳С̣ϵĽ·ƽ
άлع񣬷ַԼϡ
άУ
ûãϨĻά̲סԼϳһëŵûвʹûˣһСʱڵ˶ô𣡵һֱӦò߰˸СʱŶ԰
Ҫǣû˵´ʲôʱ򲥣
ֱͨĹڲͬά֪һͬ飬ӵDºͬˣÿֱһСʱõÿµı׹ʣ뵽λֱطȻһȫԶӾأϾɡ
άоãһ£ڿ㣬ѱ׹˰ɡ
ţ΢ȶȥƽ̨עȻѸתΨһֱطš
ҪȵȻͲ˯άôһӲŵ˵ڶ졣
ˣҪ˯ŵʱ򣬹΢΢һעˣ
άǸˡͶһǽǧϲģһꡫ
άм˿ճмʮ˶ڹעĶ̬ƽ޹ʹעһˣתƵԺ󣬺ܶ˿ֱ䡣
ֱӭһ羮ǣͻˣܶ˽һ˲䣬˵ǽֱǽ
ǲɵ÷ɻ˭Ҳʲôɣ


10 
֪ԼֱôˣһֱżҲῴĻֺܶ˶ֱʡ
Ȼмɵģ
һͷˮĹڷ˫֣ģڶදСĴ˺ü£ȱצ΢¶ȣ۾צӰۿϣһ˳ŴȦһŴȦ
ĵعǽֱ壬ǰ̽ĻĿת
ʵϣǰӽģʽǣڵĸоͺһֺůë̺ϣȫůϢţǰǳԸԼۿצѾۿϻƵϣ·Լú﷢ӵ
ۿһеĹǣ
ͼά֫ʯˣ
¥ϡ̫ˡһ£һ°ɣ
άǸˣ˵õĽأ̫ˣ㱧һСӰɣһ㣬ruaһrua
ܶŶͬߴԼôҲһСӣӽģʽҲܵĴëף໣
ǸܵǼٵ飬ſظС̱СĿƵضϱССģͺܺĿӡ
צӴٴΰʱСۼֿ죬һצӲȵǸϡ
һ˲䣬Сֱ̺Ĺᵽʲô졣
ǲȽ̵צӱȽСֱݽȥˣɫצӱޱëţҪȥһС̴ûᵽָо
֪ԼΪʲô߻ħһ׽ΪҺû֪⸱Ƥµ˭
С̺Ŷ˿ֱһĹڣ̧צҪ뿪ͷȴֺ۾ϣ峺һ˿ƣ˶թС̳һ룬צӵʱ򣬲ŷԼƫˣȵıϡ
̡ıӿִë׵һ㲻ͻأʪģܺйȻҲܺá
ֱö˶̲סȭ취սģסִУֻǿֱģָоֻͨݸǣʵʴ
һʱ䣬ֱƪ
ҲϲëףҴҴˣҸֻϲëףϲˣҶһСûģ
ͼάһٸģǧǧ顫
ͼάѧֻܸأǰɣ౧ǰɣӿTnT
άǸˡͶʮǽ쿴ҡ䡫
СǡͶʮǽʺá
Сǣϣ˵˵лл
𶯵Ķ֣ŻС̣צӻϣҲ굯ĻӦһС̷ɫСץס
طĴС̣Щ̼ˣԥȻԼצӻĴʱë׵СƨɣȻ캬סצ档
̵ķɫСצȻ
С̣
ֱˣ
С̱ĶŪͷð̣״̬϶ȫ͸ˣԼûôε״ƫƫԼҲ᲻öһ¡
ֱ˱ֱӸҪһ㣬ܶ˴ž
ûз裺ҳϢˣұϲצצˣˬŶ
Ǹ򵥵ֱǿֱ˾ǷһڵĻĻĻսֱֻһ뷨
˰ɣôˮ̫ˣ
˿֪ԼԼ֮ǰп۵ˮά°Ȼ׷ֱֱֱȻǣͣˢĸҳˢ˿Сʱ˷ܵĴԲ侲
һҹδ˯ƣӿΪ֢ҹ˯ãʹ˯ţ˶ҲᱻԼëѣͷԤ˯ʱҲһһۡ
һСʱֱάжûע⵽Լͷʲôʱˣ˸Ƿɳϵƣ۾һֱ˯ˡ
СʱϵĹ˯һάбѣüͷ΢壬ȴΪû˯á
绰ž˴һΪʲôԼѵõΣΪʲôҪҴ绰
޹ˣʱ绰ģҪҪҸиȻ
һάУãлл
˿һͷҵͷ˯ӣ˲ˣ˯ˣ
άеҲ֪һӻû˯˯ŵʱ̫ˣ˯űôҲ⡣
ˣһΪ˯أҽҩãٴȥ
ҩ⡭άץץͷϰɳϿÿ˯ܶëֵ֪˶٣̬ͷһüıѵάϡ
ҵëأ
ĻͬؿάУ𼤶ͺǻȥֲ
άоȵôûͺǣûëҽûë
ÿʰԼëҪһСʱʰСʮϲëٶȡ
Ϊ˯һῴëɳȻһҲûС
άвŵɳ漴뵽ʲôƵģ˵㰲һ£ȥҽԺ顣
¹彡״˲ҵԤԼҽҽԺά档
ûôάҽԺϢȣһߴ򿪹ԣʱҲֱĻطš

߼ɹһûصֱԺ󣬿º̨ϲطѾаǧǱˡ
ֱ׬Ǯ̵ţǮˣȥһЩ
ͷһܱ߹䣬СҲȥСһֱûӰˣôж
ѵǺˣҲǵһֱˣôẦߣС̵ķ仡е㳤졣
į飬С΢һһ˵ˣҺһȥɡ
ɻСһڼ᲻᲻̫ã
С߿϶ػصû£ܰȫû֤ͨûܽ
УһȥɣҲϤ·С߱Цȥ
ͻȻڿգûкһ࣬С߷Լǻסؿڣֻһıе඼ûһ
סؿϵ֣ؿ·ܺÿĻƣԼ𣿡
·ܹܵ¶ȣСߵָ΢صһ£СҲǵˡ
ĳʱϾӣЩ߰ͿѻͿĨȥģҲµ·忴ǺܺÿСԺͻȻһ仰
ֻһĻ˶ѣ˷ȫûдڵıҪ
ĵ·ĺܺÿ㻭ˣ϶ϲ㡣
е΢΢£СߵĿ䵽ĵ·ϡ
Ҳϲ


11 
ס볬кܽСָ·Ǻܿ쵽Ŀĵء
е˲࣬Ӱֱ߰ӱСȥˮרǼ磬һƻô󣬻ļ۸ȴû٣رϲˮЦۡ
ϲСƳÿ·һֺóԵˮͻָŽҪǵüֻСҪ⣬ƻȫˮȥ
Щʺ⡣еʱ򣬺ɫɨѸɨƷѹԶ׼ʱһǧȥ
мˮûƷ֣ϣζܶԵǵļǮϾҪˣҪѧڼ
ΪԼڼּҶ⡣
С߲֪ڸʲôҲΪϵЦݶ˳ǣЦȻÿľģҲһζ
ѶװСߵСռǰԭ·أ·һ·ڵʱӶ˶΢ƫƫͷǱߴһɵѪζ
ĿѰζȥ
һ̵ڣ򿴹ȥʲôҲûСعͷ̧׼뿪ͻȻһϸ΢Ľ
̣ģβϵЩΪ̫;ͣ·˵ע⣬ûһֲƵؽл
żһתСɻĿУǸȥЩΡ
֪ǵΰʵ㲻̫ãŵѪζĵһӦ뿪Ҫ¡
Ȼ˵һֻ̣Ҳô뿪ֻϣˡ
ߵڵʱǸȻʧˣǲൽİ˵Ŀûаȫеѡڰ͵͵Ǻǻ
ԣվڵʱ򣬻̯̯֣ʾû˺˵Ķ
ֻܵȴκεĴߴٶẉ̂¶Էĳ룬˵̱Ҳ߲ԶһĲִΪǱ϶ûκκôġ
ʮ㣬һ߹۲ӡ
Ӷ̶խͷһͰ䵽Ƕѷϣһܲġɫģе㳤еԲ΢紵ȥɫëëһСĿӣĳССβ͡
ֶСһͺܺ
ۣЦЦ
ΪʲôûˣСβͶ˶ûֶ˶ûǶѡ˶󲿷ϸ䣬¶һѩ׵ӣֻͷϥǺֻǺɫġ
һֻС
ƻһСᡣ
Լȫðͷˣ˶ȣҪվһΪµڵϣţˣ̲סǰһСʱһĿͶվڵ
Ź⣬˵ʹûио⣬Ҳи
Īʹش˿ϼǽѾҪǵǸˣû뵽·ǵϮҲ֪Էǽ˭ĵ׷һ·ӣƱҪ
ҪĪͲµ˲ٱĶﻹܻܵҲ˰Ĵۡ
ĪűڵԼﻮһ˿Ȼ
Ѿü꣬ͻȻڣ˵˵ǰҲû˿ķֻɱ˴Բ⡣
Ҳ֪˭ôĪԼһţر۾ȴǰİ˵Ŀ
ȴ֪ʱڱУοһ
СȻŻˣϸ֫ںڵСԴΪҵë΢΢Ųÿӽһ֣޲ǽϡ
߾úЦЩСһ
˵ΰȻðɣ죬ⶼǼ񵽵ĵڶֻˡ
˼С̣ȻѾܾã쵽Էʱˣǳʱ򣬶á
ĥ䣬ֱ߹ȥСָɫëУģкüˡ
ͷԼ⣬С᲻ڱƵ
̶Ա˵ͶᣬСҲһЩСĵ̧ͷһۡ
һ۾Ͷסˡ
ĪһĸоʶģȷԼûм
ֱõԭΣһζûãĪҲܰԼϲϵһ
֪Լķ˿һֻͻȻ֣˵Ŀ̡
С᲻ˣױסڻȥСһֱţ˸ҲûȣܹСϲģϲʹȥûë
˿֪ԼҿɰС˼ϳһС⣬СؼңƿףѸþϵˡ
Сϵ˵ǲأǾήң״̬ʶ룬þȥ̽һ£ľʹԺҲûǿдĽȸУСᷴ˺ܶ࣬ؽ
ȴüͷ
Сľ״̬ܲһƬɳĮûв´ǰӦһƬĲԭڲݲӰҲɳ˴벿֡
練Ӧ״̬һ˵ľ컻ֻһԵ仯ܴ󣬾Ҳı䣬һ־˿ˡ
СȻǵڶ״
øľסСᣬ˯ȥڼС̣ڴҵСضڴߣͬķȥ̽С̵ľ硣
һӺ˿С̵ľǺõģûʲô⡣
ƣôôྫˣһһЩ
û˽Ǽ⣬˯ŵСʪëɾĵطֱǸװСӣذСᱧȥ˯С̵һߡ
վڴβһؿǡ
ë׵̣ѹԷ϶ܸ˵һȥɡ˵ʱ岻С֮ء
ȫûǹЦ߿ˣСᾫ⣬Щյģһʱɴȥ緹
վڳſڣ˳ֱ򿪡ѾЩϰֱˣʹҷһԼҲͦõģ׬Ǯҡ
̵ֻĺ̡ˣΪֻС̳Եúһ㣬Ժδúһ㣬Ŭ׬Ǯ˵ÿ»Ҫ̶ڣ֮ǰ֤Ǯǿǰʮ
ͻȻپϿ˺ܲ˵κ
ǵȹϲķӵ룬ȥֱԺҿȴûϲɫСӣͷǰһϻŵӤʡЦꡣ
ֱƮһȺʺţȻЩ˾Ϳʼˡ
ͼάáǼ𣿣Σ
㣺ϲȻԭΪοɰˣΪʲôҲôɰǳԿɰ೤𣡡
󣺡ԲҲòԵʯһ°ɣÿɰȢؼҡ
أ¥ϡƨԣǵĹͬƲ˭ȢǺԣ˭


12 
ĻٶȺܿ죬ͷ廨ɴѵĻˣһ߻شǣ׼緹ȥ˺ܶණΪûϲϺӣԸ򵥵ĺ⡣
Ļܶ˷ĻʾԼɻ
ͼάʲô⣿Ϳ𣿡
أϲϺҼ԰ѵַңҼĸ㣡
ͶιȤǱû취ģλԼƬû飬в١
ƽ̨һȽϳĹڣ˻һһĵ٩
ûˣǰλѡֹֹ֣ˣԺ󶼳Ժô졣
Уֶֻˮϲԣʵܲǹζ
½ϵռǵĻϺܶ˶ͬ˵Ļ
ڵĻģžΪʵ׺òó³ˣԱһ֪
ȫѷ廨гɴСʵķ飬ˮˮˮڵģһɴɢЩڶ˶ӣᵽζ
ˮк̳ɷһߡ
ļȥǣõڼ滮͹ըɽɫıǽɫеֽɫģÿ
Ļϲ֪ʲôʱѾֹͣˣǿĶԾĭҪȥһ
άǸˣҲ뿪һʲôʲôˣ
Ϊ˵ԵʣڳԵķ棬Ƚϼ򵥣˵ộܳԱͺãζ棬̫ʵڲϲԣиֿζӪҺѡ
άҲӪҺеһԱΪԭûʱ³˵գ˽ӽʮӪҺеӪҺζ֪һϲxxҵĿζӪҺ
ݣٳԲ塣
ڿֱ֮ǰάһֱôģڿĺ⣬ѾԶڳ˴Һθ΢΢鶯ţѾ׼ÿˡ
ʵҲŸոտʼѡ
άмѵذѿˮȥ廨⵹͹мը΢׵ڽɫ淭ţñ߽߱ǽǷƵɫһɽζ΢ըбŷ
άз˺ܶʿˮ
ͼάҲû⣬ΪʲôҼĺȫһ
⣬Ŀǰȫû˻شҶæſȻʹӣҪǹζθ
Ѽõ⵹ץ˰ѱǳٰ⵹УɫԺٷֵϣӸС
ӸҲڸǲζ˵֮ǰʱζǱŷģζ㣬Ũϰĳϫһ㣬Ĵԡ
ﶼֹ˵ζˡ
˯ŵֻСӷ׷׶˶ӣô
ҪСʱڳĴʯ̨ߣش˸Ƿվû¸Ǻ۵ģֱҪԭһ¡
צӶڹֶǷǳòģΪ˲ԼĲˣΪһʱʧܣִ˸ǷţǶվɡ
Ϊ˳ԣûɶ
򿪵ĻȴִʱĵĻǳɾɾúֱ˶Ǽٵġ֮ǰǻͦôû˵ˡ
ӺףоЩ
ȴĹУͻȻһüתͷǴҴģֻֻ˯ŵģû˿̡
һ࣬ô㣬ܵҡֱҪݣܵĸݹۿȷҪڡ
Ǿҵҵض׼Ѿʼðݵĺ㣬һߣЩֲ嵽ĺ⡣
һ룬ѡ
ȴѾߵſڣһţһ׵ĽСϸɤ
̧ͷһСڴϣݵվţС鿴׺ݣ׼֪ôë̺ϵСᣬ﷢вĵͺ
һִ϶ֻ·СӣϻζСĪĺһžͰС´߲мشͼҵһԭ
Сԩˣ֪Լʲôò˯һȴˣҪӦ죬뻹ҪڵϹȦ
СƢҲǺܺã˵ǺܻˬڿֻСӵʱ򣬴ﵽ۷塣
һһԷ׺ݵ
С̣ӣ
С᣺㡫

˵ǺŬ׺ˣ


13 
СᶶվСѹ壬䷢ĵͺʱֻ̾Сӳ
ǰС̸ͲСӷԼ״ò
׼СȴûߵߣúںڵСԴȥСȣ﷢֮ǰȫһĽģҲһ
ⲻСӴˣؼҸҳ״
ûйĶˣСְɵСëһ£ƬʱҲ᲻뿪ˡ
˼/ѡ
С᳤úǰĶƬСФڰɫǳ䣬Ϊ˯һ۾ήҲϢһɨա
Լȱ߲ţŴŴģͻڴʼά׺ݱСγɷ
ңûü˵һǶά˹ǽġһ£ͷСᡣ
࣬ʱסһ𡣡
С̣
˯һʹһֶֻ̣ȡˣûĻһֻ̣ࣿ
С뵽Լ֣پԼһ㣬ȡʱС̲Ϊ֪ˣתһ룬ײϸûκ֪Ԫ˧Ƕά˹ʲôôһ²⵽ˣҲỳС̵
ôһ룬СؿռѵСᣬΪмתͷ
ͷһرֳôԵ仯֮࣬ͦο
Ȼ̻ͬǲһģСһ춼ĳطһķֻֻ̣ҪɹȹĥڣԺΪֵһˣֱָտɴ
·𿴵һ죬¶һϸ׵Цݡ
ͬǶά˹֣СŵСβ;ҵ˦£漴ԥؿֻΪռ˵̶ƢС̡
Ԫ˧Ƕά˹ĺպҵʱ򣬰ѵ۹ɱɲбܽҪǼƽЭ飬õ۹ֱӱĸӹ
ɼ˵Ĳһ㡣
ĪԪ˧ͬˣͬһУ飬Ī̫ϲѪԸ񣬺ΪԭѧϢǰϵˡ
ϲҲ̫ƽԺĪҲţ
ɵͷһС¶Եķ֮ĪĻɢˡ
϶ˣǶά˹ôܳСطһֻôԴ׵С̡
СʱС̵һ˸׵Ĺעĵ̣߹ȥ˲ľࡣ
С̰һצĵͷϣû޶ë޶ͺ
С᣺¸ỳˣ
СĵУϽǷֿһ߱һСЩԱգСԴ䣬С̾ͱֵøˣȫдĸ֡
Цѣοο࣬ڷ˯һǶά˹ȥ
Ƕά˹Ǹ磬ӦŵܵܡС̣С߶
뿪䣬С̲֮ǰģ۾գĻȫԷ硣

ڤ粻С̻صͷһֱţȻҲ̴ֻһĻ
ͼάҲ̫Ц˰ɣҵôôá
ĺÿɰְоأ̫ˣԼëףֻë׵̡
أֻһע⵽ᣬӵ̵ֻĵְ𣿣𾪣
壺ƭ˵İɣôᣬоҲų겻öѣôóôֻ̡
Ļɻˣ͵Ȼġʵ˵̶ֻ񵽵ģһ룬ֻ·ֵʱˣ˵ʲôõ顣
ϱ˺ǵϳˣԺĶô졣ǵȫġ
Ѽҵĺӣ档̵ֻһʴǼ΢첽ǰҿӡ
֮ǰֻڱǼƵζҿԺζһ£һйΡΡɫ֭ðݣ๾
С̵쳣ŵζʱ򣬾ͲԾسӣͷȥʲô
⻹ô㣿
ӽģʽĹŵÿˮҪˡ
أֱˮ
԰䣺齱ɣ鵽һ⣡ⱲӶֵˣ
һ٣ΪҰѼͶӰء
˵ڵĿݺܿ죬ûܳͳԵģ֮ǰըõļŽȥһ˵ñȽ٣»ذɡ
ȥ˶ãõɫ֭ճ˾ͺˡ
УϽ֭л
ֱĹǶˣ


14 
ֱһֱȲһ࣬Ŀǰֱˣάдķ˿Ҳкܴ󲿷˿άеƼȻûеȥ
ǸЩֱʲôһ޷ǾǿչʾǿֵûаûпıҪ
Ƽάеķ˿һЦ֮άϲ˵ëַˣǷ׷ƼƵԡ
ལάǸĴˣ֪κˣĸοĿJPG
ࣺѾˣţһͺǰ;ĲջͷJPG
๾ࣺάʲôʱٸǽܵ£ЩѾˣƣĿJPG
䣺һĿǸƵûбʲôհιҲ̫˰ȣ
ͼάȣرлƼǼлˣȻҪһ°ͿһۣԺܺÿ
̬ĪЩ˾úܲˬ
Բӣˮ𵽴棬ȿǼǸʲôɫɣһ񵥶ϲ˵ˣô𣿣
ͼά
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ʦԼҲΪ֢еëСգԼĺףߴٵ÷ȥɣټ
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챣ӡҽȤôȲ˵һ£ǲҪôۣԿĵ㡣
Ҫάʱݣܻȥ棬ϾҲϣܴеõһ㷢֡
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ҽʵûʲôһĸı䣿
άУҿһֱ
ҽЦˣġ
άбһ˵Ҳġ֮⣬Ҳƽʱκβͬĵطһֱ࣬ûǰû仯ͻȻͶĲӰ졣
ҽڰ֣ҲˣȻȥɣʲô»
άк;˳ȥϡ
ˣղΪʲôô˵άвһϲЦˣղǾ仰صĺδ̫쿪
άüģ˵㲻Ҳ𡭡ˣٹһʱٿɡ
ֱܿͿԻ֢Ӱ죬άоãλѾһëôˡ
ķǳ˼飬۹ôоԱоô궼û⣬Ȼһõ˻⡣
άзǳԼжϣ˵ģ黹Ҫ࿴˵ϵ̫شˡ
ôţȥ˯Ҳˣɴ˸ƹƵѣֱӰС͵ǰ
Щάвųģһ


15 
⼸æŹΰ⣬żҪȥ̼ˣæýŲմأòϸԼǼ񻹿ԣʵϵĲôˣ
ţӦһ£һ̫æˣҶûôעЩ
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۾ҪһǼӰൽ賿ĵ㣬ץ˺üµģƽùЩˣˣЩ˻ֵ㣬ֻȥΪˡ
˯ˣͻȻǾһ
ó׼εħȴҡˣֱϵĹԸ
㿴ǲ
֣һ룬
˴һ𣬵㿪ѰĵڶһϤСӣֱҲǸϤ֡
ˣÿҪֱģ̫æҶȥˡ
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뵽ǼվһΪ˻ӵʱԺУǶһۣ˸绰ȥ
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СְСˣͬǣСҲˣ˺ü£ûСҧһë
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һߵǲԼӣȻˣǵڶǻΪԼģҺòǡ
ǵĹģһůпչԷɡ
ǣǶʲôóԵģǮԼŵ㣬ǮˣԺӣȥõĵطסˡ
ҲͬĻһǼҪǹʱԼĩ
ʱС̾ضϣβ͹ĲҲúܽСѾϰܵĴˣλԭΣǰġ
СԼĹǣֲһ̣Ȼ
ŸպԼܵС̣С᲻мһûдӮһֻôСӾСӣҲֻ벻ҳĻء
ӵĿСȻӣֻһ
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СͻȻձһ£ոչҶϵ绰͵õдЩϲ
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̵Ȳֱָʪģ⣬ʶѹһ£С̶ʱצӲȵϡ
ɫצ΢ַָۣյýģԲ˺ǰˣǱ÷ǳ޺

ʵ̲סϲС̣СᣬߣȥӾ
仰ǷϻֻӾ̶ֻʺӾϣС̻һ㣬Сǲ̫ʡ
˼飬СᶼֻԸڰϡ
Ӿе죬Сû룬Сߵرߣ룬˿϶Ҫ·ˮˡ
ͷճͿС̷һߣȻֱˮ
ŵСվֱ壬żسǰ˼û룬ˮǸϤԭε˼
ˮ﷭˺üȦԭʵ̫ˣŶƤεߣСѾ׼ˣԴǰһ죬ĵסĺ󾱣°ŵԼĶƤϣСĵزСβմˮ
עʱ򣬹βĵػˮУذڶ£СҲ¶һĨı顣
üˣڵë׵ĶƤϲ̰˲צӣǰȻõһʪǡؿϴ͵Сᡣ
СӣҶ


16 
СᣬҲĪǣΪ
ûʲô۾ļգֱʱ򣬸պǷһһۣǱӲȥһӶ˲ܳԷֻעӪҺĪ˯Ҳ˯ֻô򿪹Կֱ
ովشȫ뿴ж߶ĳȭĪȥֱ䡣
ſ˲һӣͺûĵľٱעˮǲСʱͺˡ
ôСôСӣˮеţŬ̻ȴԼʱĪѵùһĨЦ⡣
˵ڲӽģʽ£ᵽӴë׵
һ֪ëһ˵ͷۡ
ĪĪƽѾܾûᵽְظо״ԽԽĪԽңͻ룬һλ
Ϊ˲ϧһЩֶΣ鵽ڵ͵ַ֪Լ̬ΪһȪ㲻ֹˡ
·ϱ˰㣬Īֻ֪ԼǣĶȫȷ˵ˣܾܿô档
֪˾ˣôɣ˾Ҫֲ˯ôá
ΣĪӦøһΪĺΡ
֪ΪʲôС֡һһԼˡ
ģɲǴһ𣿣
С̣ڻȻʼճС˳ߣëͻȻϴСόĽ
Сῴżͣٵأ̶̵βͿ˦Ӱ
ԣղŻúõģôͻȻˣֱ˵Ǻܶ
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๾ࣺⲻʼƲorz
ʼСᣨмJPGκСᡪˮ
ԲӣάƼģΪʲôأ⣿ʲôֱݣȻһȺƣǶǮƭˣûڲ٣ˡ
ͼάôĶ㣿ǾСҿǮĺӰɣ
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άڼԼʰøɸɾɵϣΪ˺úܴ
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СǶİƣ˿ܾôƺһ˺飬ȻУûпСֱûа취ָо
άһ֣ǸԲӶʱˣһıӣάлǾò̫ˬæˢǸˮը/
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ȥҽԺŷֱ֣֢ӱƬı仯ϡɯΪ˷˿£֮ǰĹòƵΪβԽԽأ϶ʼƤȥҽԺҩͿ˾Ͳȥƫƫܣɯ׺öȥ
ֱķҵɯ俴ֱ
СӵһһǣעȫֱķΧУ̵ʹ
ֱɯʵûסƼƵҲάе΢˸ޡ
ڷ˿ˣ׷ȥѰ


17 
ɯ/˿£Ѹ˵ڶԽԽ֪Щֱʱ򣬿ٵͨ
ֱܿͻʮ򣬴ﵽܹƼƽ̨񵥵ˮƽߡ
Ǻֱܲ
޲ڰ칫ңüͷǰվŵļְԱǼȻѡɫġõأ
ӣԱߵĲű΢
޲أǾ͸ѡѡȥЩˣΪҲ֪Ǯ
˵žܲķ˵ĿʲôèèģҪǱ˷ʲôè壬ȥ𣿣
Ǹ𣿣
һְԱö䶼ˣǲһģӱС޲㣬ֱˡ
ְԱսսػصܹܶԲȥ°š
޲ءţһְԱæ˵ǻ֮ǰյǮ˻ǡ
޲һ㣬⼸һۣ˵ǵСձǮʱҲǾܾ˵ǵӴɣ΢һž˵ʲôʲôˡ
˲֪ô˵źá
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ְԱȥһίⲻ°ȷȥġţ޲ػǲţȻһ£˵
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ģ޲µˣȥѰȥ

ߣҲԼֱ仯ˣʼΪԼˣָͷ㣬ŷʮ򣬶һ
ɻͷ˳Ż̵ֻļһ뷢
С̣ӡ
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β͵еĵطʹûβͣڲӽģʽ£Ҳܸͬܡ
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꿧ɯһͿءҲϲͣߣѣ
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18 
ҲúЦλ꿧ĹڣЦʱסԼ죬ȴ֪Լ˺ûࡣ
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꿧СţҿЦˣΪ㵲סҾͿҲruaһ¾ԭovo
°ͣԼĺ룬ôruaҰ
֮ǰôעĻǿ˵rua쿴ʱ򣬾ʳˡ
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19 
Ǻֱƽ̨ĿǰֱƾǿļǿʵΪʼǮϰƱ⣬ûĹ⡣
ʾĿǰǩԼԺ󣬼ÿ춼ҳĿǰֱѾάһһٶʮ䡣
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Ϊ֪˷Ŀ滹һЩһܿȥǺϵʱĵһȫǷƵһܹȵġ
ϲͷĸ˵һܺõĻᡣ
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һֱʮ˽ӵѣһ˲ӿֱ䡣
ʿ׹ģϲ˰һ
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ע˾ϲֶֺԺֱ磬Ļˢʾûͣ
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˲ûÿִǺȷ˵仰øǺܲˬ
УСطУ
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ķ˿Ϊʵǿⲻ֪飬ȫıܣϻǼܻһͱˣԲ¶һܡ
˵䣬輸Ѿÿӿݣſڲ輸ǰĹʿƿ輸Աߵɳٹһȥһɳš
ȻѾܶβҵΪÿο۽ǳ飬˵ģһˣֱ£ֱѾȶڶʮ򡣡
ǣֱˣٷ֮ʮŶķ˿
ǣˢӣ
ҡҡͷ˵ǣÿݣҲú棬˿ôôԡ
ԥ̬ȱǿʱǺһ
ǣ㲻ùˣϾͿԽ
õֱID֣ҵ绰ϵܲľ˾ˣæһº̨ʵݣǺܲĺ̨ʵǲħ֣һ۾֪ˡ
ǾºܿܽˢݼλˣˡС󣬸ǻֱʱһ飬СҲֵ㡣
Ȼڶͽӵ˾˵Ϣ
û⣬˻ܲҪСĵˣ
⻹㣬򿪹ԣϣǸϤİֹѵһ
Ϳɰ
һ
ɯ״ţҰҿȥ )ҡ
άǸˣֱԲ˿ϲ˵һԴһ꣡
һĲʺƨȴʹ/ֳ
ǣ
ͷˮôĿŵ


20 
࿴۵µۣҲ侲عζˡȲ˵άУ˵ɯ׹ⶼǣҲвСˡ
ҲȷǵĺţųŵĿܡΪʲôҪųŵĿܣпܾǵŰ
Ծ࣬ɯ׵ϵʽһ绰ȥ
绰ܿ챻ǰһŷɫȹ¶ľ½Űɫ˿װΣббϵŮ
ɯףӣТְˣ
һڣǱ㷭˸ۣЦһֻĳˣű˶֪ɵ˰㡣
ţɯֱ۳ţ΢΢һɻؿ˭ˣ
ǣûţ㿴Ϸʲô㲻ϲë㿴ǸŵĶǸ˭ʲôˡ
ô˵ţɾúܲ˼顣
˵ݵˣԵĵȼģʽǺܸߵģԲͨڿ;ˣȻôͨĺڿͣΪʲôҪһС£ɯ׿԰浽ͽ̡
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ǣ
в
ֻɯȫϣ˫ҵţȹ߱ŮΪ¶Сϼɫӡǡ
ǵעʱֱתƹȥüʵˣ
ԭϵ̫صʱ򣬾ͻɯײس˳ȹߣӻֵãû
뵽ղŸһģЦֱ޿˲ͣ
û˵ʱɯ׾֪ʲô˼ˣֻúЦǣ㲻ΪǷãܻӭô˼Ұ
ǽ˵ʲôܶûУôô졣ְһЩԵɵһһг
ɯӣΪǵһģ֪Ǻƽ̨ʱѾյһٷľٱ𣿡
ôࣿǸǸ˶ᡭ
㿴ֱ𣿡ɯ״Ǳõı飬֪ûǵ
ɯף㿴ֱĺܿɰܡ˵ţ֪뵽ʲôϲԾһĨΣǳʲôǵøƵĶ
ɯסûҽȥһȻԶ֪Ϊʲô˼ҡ
˵һ仰ʱɯ׵ɫѾָ˳سһֱۣӹҵͨ
¸һˣϵı·ʺ
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Ƕ񺮣־ãɯ޹úõģ
һеѣԥţعʱ򣬷Ǹֱˡ
Ŷ֪ʲôʱ˵ҳ
ҳûЩڵĶװ׾ģһҲжɰ
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άǸ˽ֱ䡿
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ϰֱԺϲֺͷ˿ǷԼճĸо׷磬˵ֱûڳʱȥһۡ
ԵڣҲֱ֪ݺͱ˵ж಻ͬ
ֱİѹϵľˣӾرߣֻߣһruaһһЦųֱķ˿Ǵк
ҺãҪֻѧô
ͼάһһᣡȦȦ಻̫ɣൽ𣿡
Ļü΢䣬С᳤Ķ䣬಻Ҿ͸࣬ǲǿġСһҪúѧ
С֣ƫͷ־СǡгСѼһһҲʣأ
ϧķЧļ֣Сֻͷ˶һСûվȣײ
һֱٸ߸ߣСϲԣβҡø糵Ƶġ


21 
Űɫڳرߣɫͷе㳤΢һƷ˿ΪС̵Ķ΢ߣ۾ܺںĳֺ̽С
Цţ¶ĻС§ڻꡣ
ǻûпӽģʽԹߵģʽһĻüͷԾɿ΢΢Ʋ΢
룬ҲһǴǿǿܿɡţԸҲá
ָֻŵţ۾û뿪һ£ҲǹҲϲ׽ϧëĳëʵ̫ӲˣҲû˳ë
ܶʱֻԼˣڿﱻȥС̣Ǽʵ۾ˡ
Ȼָͳע⣬һĻ
ү뱻ߣë϶ˬ
ع񣬸պĻȥˣֳزˣֻܿŵĻѸƮͬ
άǸˣҲҲ룡Сʲôʱ򿪸·˿ɣƣ
ͼά飡˺ѷJPG
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үҲ룡
ǣԼ֣ԼǲҲˣԲĳЩֵķӦôԼأ
һߣ֪ڼѵĺָȷֻСѧô˵ѧϰݡ
ÿһ̶ֻӵУ
С̱ţȵ¡
֮ǰͷ֣Сһֻʤǿ̣ͬʱӵмߵֱͬеս̡
ּڱֵȻѡݣ˳ôһ£СӾԼµһ
ڳرС⻮ˮܿɫԲĽֺһ룬ڳرߵʧɫСӱС̵ˮһƬɫˮ
߱µСᶯ˶Ķ䣬ںڵСϾҲܿһ㽹ı顣
޲Լһͷ򣬹Ҳͦõ𣬻ܱȥͲǺܷ㣬ȻֻСƵƵóѣҫ
ϵСᷢĽ
ˮסεĺ̡֫ԼƵߣѼеҪСƨ/ϵŵСβ͡
С̲죬﷢вĵͺ𣬲Ծ׺ݵССᡣ
Сᷢβϳֽ
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СԾˣʱͣҪҧСβ͵ĶװɵſƤϣĬĬСӡ
ĿⲻԾ䵽ϣͬë׵ҲǲһģԭΣҲЦŵġ
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СӺС̱ܶ࣬С̵ӽǣֱ۵ĿСӣʹˣҲûʲô覴ãҿ˰צצȥ
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άǸˣ󣡸
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үͬ󣡡


22 
˿ڵĻϷߴ٣С̣ȻĿĲֻǴ˴Ĺӣӡ
С̣ӣ
ߵʧЦСԴȻצӷϣС˵ѣֻҪצŲ˳ưԼĹצҲ¡
ںüΣ˼ڣС̲źߺİںö
Ҳͷʼˡ
һҪĶצʱҪצӷϣΪˮҲǱȽϸůģرۿλá
˵ţԼצᰴ£ӦҪСԥһ£ķצ棬ȻְֽС̡
СǣצšԣšţСǺܴһ̾ͻˡ
ţצӱȷŵţ·Ҫյķ˵С̡
ӡ
ϤСķˮȽˮһܻܿ˵ССβϵ˻ûá
סᣬļȫԼȫ§סԺצӽôࡣ
ůƵĺֻ̡÷·صĸ׵Ķֱȫȫţŵĸоú̲ܶסֱȣŲӣ¶ĺᣬ﷢
ѿֱ˾һ𣬿ܻΪʲôʽֳ
ǺСһӡÿεʱ򣬵ĻһɶΪҶȫĵͶܣﻹȥ˷ʱ䷢Ļ
סС̷۵צӣתȦȦȲҲûϵëСϵëëҲһңҪëë˳һ
ʾСԼ
ÿ춼Свģǳ򵥣ŹצԼҴһͨ
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άǸˣΪʲôҵҲ鲻ԽԼϣ
ͼά¥ϣǰҲ˺ͬɻ󣬺ѾԳȥˣ
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أСҵʵдգܾܼ򵥣ƫƫԼ־ǺСӶֲһˡ
үѧˣĺ
ԭεĹʿſɳϣȣһһߵģֻǰצԼë׵ϣ˳ʱţһ߰ϱԼŪҵë˳һ³ɫ⡣
۾ˣ԰εسֱУȫԼ鷳ġ
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òǳʲô˰ɣķ˿ȥ˽Ÿǵľˡ
˱ܲ˸̫࣬ǰǶȼٵ·ϣͻȻӵô˽ţһ˲Ǵ绰
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С߿ȻԹԵģصͷ漴ӾֻëףϾȻԻĳԵı顣
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껹ؿڲ䵣°ͣԼ䷭ȥһѣ˳ཱུƨ/ɡ
ϿһС̶侯վǶš
СżƳһۣ༱ԭתȦȦͷȥСˡ
סСᣬС֪ҪʲôȴûСǺѵİȣ϶ѧѽ
ҲʵѶȱȽϴ󣬸ǿȥӷϣⲻΪ
ֻܱǸضͷһЦһڲ̣ͬǲǿеرȥĳЩ̵ܻ岻á
άǸˣǶģǣޣѽ
һߴٵĵĻһЦЩ̫ƽˡ
е㲻˼Լĳӣ˵ǾͰˣԺлٽŶ
ͼά̣С׼ӷ˿˼𣿿ҿҿң
ү¥ʲô⣿ֲ̣˲ܵģ
ͼάô֪ܣ챣ʱ̱ء
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ǿĻƮתԺȴǸͼάĻ
԰̾ͿȥɣޣȥһˣȻ춼ߣëĿӡ
ĭԼеɣ˱ˮһƵ绰ɯס
а취𣿡
ɯף
в̸ʲôԼò𣿡
꣬ʧǵףɯף
ʵӣˣ
ǱûУݰݡ
ǣתҲγ棬ƭ㣡


23 
һֱ̨µǮתһȥ
Ϣ
ôˣôǮԼɣ߲ż
ǷµǮ壬ֱ׬ǮеĶö࣬תʱת˵㡣
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жģЩֱ׬ģȻһ֣ҪûǮã(RQ) 
Ǹձ飬ϲԽʱˣͷҲ̧˵нˣЦôġ
λ¶ϵתϢ㲻ȥֽ¿ǼҲԷڿȥˡ
۾һǷǮ˻ǮˣǮĹģҲȥһٺá
ף⻹ûµףô˻Ǯˣ˭ˣôɻʵҲûģֻǮڶԷǮôģûǮǹĵ顣
ȴ˵˵ܾ꣬ȵǣֹĩһҪǵȥҳԷ㿴ǸֱطԭСôóԡ
ǵȻǵãǸֱطڶ·ƵӪҺʱóһζӪҺܺȵζ
ŶˮˣӦһϱϼǺš
ߣΪ⼸ԼŸ٣򿪹Եʱſû԰һĵطֻ̳ȥ档
򿪵ͼָȻв԰ߵһС԰ġ
Ҳܸߡ
̲ס԰ǼĿƼȷһѵأͼϳֵĶ԰Ϸֲһģ֣ǰǸطȫò·С
˰죬ۻһеѡ֢ŵͷ
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С̲ͷָ׹סһͷ˳ʹСӡ
С̺һһֻ̼ƽϡ
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С̵СԴֻ̲ŷԼġСˣʱ缦ǣСֺõһ
С̺ȻסӱߣֻצһţСԴϡ

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׼öС߰͵ſڣ۰Ͱ͵ؿ
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еʧ䣬ȻǸ̡Ҳûиĸݣ罻һЩܺõѣԽ֮ǰϢѣҪȥ档
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Ƕ˵䶯Уǲ֪뵽ʲô¶ַ·е㴹ѵı顣
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СһֱǣֻԴףԼĻеֱۣﻮһ˿ʧ䡣
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СȻǻˣҲȥֻܱš
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Ӹ߿ʩѺܶ˦ں棬ͬСǰĴСǿضϣСǣǰߡ
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㵽йԱȥ̨
Ҫ׼ʲô𣿡
ԱͲ󣬺ƵЦЦԼʲôǻ׼ġ
룬˵Ǿ͸һƤɡ
ԱһֻҪһƤ򣬲ʵкܶ豸
֪ӾﻹҪʲô豸Ӻף˼Цˣֻ
Աԭΰɡ
ȻԣĺӺͻ˲ܽȥǻǰѹۿĵط
ûĻ̵ֻݸСſ֣ԹԵؿǡ
СߺҲûʲô
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Ļݰˮ·ھʯĦȭƣ֪Լ볡ʱ䣬ֱӱԭΣԱ֣һȥ
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ʲô˳ıӵ䵽ϣһĨԺ㶵롪
ɰ


24 
԰ľӾرĿ֮һҰϵͶƱʾϲĿаٷ֮ʮˡ
˾ʮ㣬ʢҲкܶϡŹֵĵӣĹЦ򾫲ʵ޲ڡ
Ҳ򿨵ص֮һ
һȥص򿨵˿ʮÿֱȶһң԰Ϊ¾ӾرݣҲڷ˿ǵҪ£ȥݡ
ÿһ˼ϳʱ˻гԤȣѯʲѡһԸݵĹڣõڣؾ֣ȴûбѡС
ʼ磬ֱķ˿˵ã»ؿ϶ѡеġ
ھȿⳡݵʲôɡ
һ̨ҰһۿӾأԴͺһ鶼ܿ
һߺֱķ˿ģ˾ˣûʲôɵģ˼꣬ҲŻ˿ÿֱʱսսµۡ
ﰵڴⳡܺÿ㣬ϻܵùһϳЦһСʱ˿ЦȰȥŽ
ǳıݣﶶ˶̲ס˵Լ󣺡ϣⳡݺȤ
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˸͵ԭΣͷһû취ݵ״Ƭ̣鲻Խظ̾áÿɰԲۣ
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ѩţţֻôôϤ
󣺺üһ񣡡
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뵽ǿعǼʹϵһ£ë׵ǵëǺӲӲģĻйԡ
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֪ôɰСӰƤʲôѽҪһƤ˻л㱡
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̨ϵ˺ݺݵ
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ֿɵϷֲ˼ֱ˵ĶﲻͣشݵĴߴ
ңϣ

ҲǿĿתһԱرǺ棬ѾȫԼֱߵĹһ壬ϣܳԼֻС档
ر˵ǣڱݼʱ򣬳鵽ˣ첽ߵڣ˼ʵĿУƤСӵצӣצ΢צǺë
һҲӲ
ë޷԰ΣȱݽߵĹҲһŸղűݵëסҲع
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ëףüˡ
Ÿ迴ĻطֱҲһƬ໽УǴﵽ˾˵ʮ
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Ｄ롣
굯Ļ֪ô£ԭǸݵСӱһͦˣȴڰڣ˿Ѿһ
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ֱӰֱעֵȴһֱ
ΧĹھûôϢˣֻܰ¼µƵظ˿ĲͼҳֻСӵݡ
ȻҲҫĳɷ֣ǿĿֳ
ʵϲס壬ֱӰ屣ЭԺȻߴԺǡ
ûһ屣ЭԺ
ǸҺҲûϳޣ


25 
ֱڣ÷һٶȳֱˣųɾųķ˿˵ǿư죬˿ǷԶԶĳˣڵһλĸǡ
ٶȣʱգǱɰһҲʲôֵ¡
˷ּƻʼܲǱû˵ʲôʱǷֲȻҲǰַ˰ǷȻҲ޲صע⡣
޲ֱƽֲ̨ʮ꣬绷ǵϲ֪һ
֪ǰһΪƽֲ̨һ̨ӡ
޲ػ֪һ˲֪ܣǵĸĳһ͵Ĵͨ˲һȨУҲǶϵĶȻҲͨˡ
ֹ֪ӣΪʲôôõܵ깵ĵط
޲Է費ҪԴԼҲú˰ٷ֮ʮˣһֱ˵һ
λԿżῴԷ˶ٷ˿
Ҳһ޲˯ǰϰˢ˯ǰǵͷ񣬽רطȻֱ
ǲֱʱǹ̶ʮⶼʮˣôſʼ޲̧һ
ֱʱŷʮ롣
ֱĸǣɫЩ԰ף˼ɳƵغͷ˿˵Բˡ
ҲǺ˵仰˸죬˿ˢοϢ
ΪѵؿĻҲֱʮӡ̫Բˣ̫æˣȡ
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ԥԥĺ𡭡
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޲شƽ̨ҳ飬ָ⻬ţȻǿϵĵһǸʿͷһ強ȥ

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һڵı༭Ȼ޲˱飬һк󣬰ѹԶһߣ۲Ĳ
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ҧгݣǸ㳷ȥŪҲ˯أ
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Щ仯ô𣬵һǸˢҲԸȥ
ԻJPG
Ϸ֪ͷ˿ԼʮʱʳҹŶģڲòԼѼר
ˣ


26 
԰̵ֻС߿·ʱ򣬻СʯĶӦҲǸ˵ġ
Сǰɲ
һ˻صң˸򵥵һֻڿɳϣСԱ߸Լ磬һͶ䵽еӫĻϵĵӾ硣
ⲿ署һӻǳˣΪ΢ѧУ˳ЦǲңԾУһĳɼҵսĹ¡
˵ֻǵһ ڶС 
ʵȽϲ񺫾ֹѪİ磬˵ϲǲô
ǺСһܲܿϲְɣ뵽С̣ѡⲿӾ硣
СϢⲿǵԭʵǶά˹Ԫ˧ڶ ٳû㣬ΪݱԪ˧١ˡ 
һͲ׵ҥԾȻţģ
ǵĳЩȷǶά˹Ԫ˧ķ棬֮ǰ֪ԼһȡֺλԪ˧ȥ˽һλԪ˧ϡ
ִ֪أǻϣ϶Ľܣֻж̶̼֡
Ƕά˹һԪ˧[ע1]ʮ꣬ҵһУ[ע2]ʮ꣬ްܼ
˽滹ԣ˺ܶྴԪ˧Ƕά˹ˣӢʽҲǺģҲԡ
Ԫ˧̫ţ
д귢ȥС̣ȫӲҶҺΣȻһܿͨض
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Ŀ⣬Щ֡
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ʱѾ쵽ԼõֱʱˣСߣẉֻ̂ȥ׼ҪĲˡ
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СվɳϣСӣһ˿һԾȥȵϣ˺Լ
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ϸ߲ȽĲƳɣǿ׳ҲԿֻǷˡ
С̶ԼҲһֻӣֻѹСֻӻˮƵҵš
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С̺Ȼ£϶ŵˣǿֲֻ֢ʲô߶ס
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Сߣп֢ʾⲢһηпһΡ
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ͼĺ֪ΪʲôͻȻ
˵ףˣûʶĿ֢жء
ͷרעضŲϲСᣬɫľָһ˿˿ʹսȴʹ࣬ǽһСҵǶȻѹ
ĪԤϵߺ״ǰöˣΪԼܶżġ
ǵܸ˵ĸһٻǳԣ֦⡭һ磬϶ڴһ
û뵽ôɨˣƫƫʱ򷢲
뵽ҽ˵ģηܾܿͦˣĪһ˲˲ضʹദʱôݣʱôģҲֵˡ
Ī۵ţֱ֪ʵһ̰ɡ
Һò֪
ϤʹųصƣӿĪؿһۣ漴˯
״ҪСԴֻΪѪЩӲĶ䡣
࣬˯һûˡ˵
С̿СӣĬĬָ޳׾·һħ
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ָо̫ˣС鴤彥ƽ֫ɣġ
ţϴָɢСϣë׵ͷ
࣬Ρ


27 
СȶȥҽԺ飬ʣСļСѸʰĻϴ·СŵʱԼĳҲˡ
СϼʻλصԶʻСһȣһŲȵϣɿѳҽԺ
ϰѺǰˣΪŶӿǰ㣬С߰С״һ£ΪĿ֢߹ҵǰš
һСᱻҽˡ
һ£һϻʿ¼
ҽ򵥵ؿСֱĺú֢ܶ࣬ڷĻߣûȷѾûˡ
ֽҪ͵ҽԺȷһ£ҽźȻһܾȵģ˰̱ҡ
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Ȼһ£תͷ۴ǵС̣Ӽڻ
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·ϵʱѾСˣٱľ类ȶ֮ǰһľֱһƬǽ壬ôղȻ¡
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֪̲ʲô⣬Ϻɫ֣̲סš
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뵽֮ǰദӣ΢ƽһ㣬Сʱȥʰɡ
һȣͲС˯ˡ
ͷ˴ỺĺСſţ۵ʱ򣬶䶯˶ϡ
СѾ۾ԵɵɵؿǣûӦԼʲôط
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Ǻǡ
ʮЦٲˡ
Ҫ


28 
Сȵ ë׵Ĺ¶ı飬ҲŵСᣬ䣬 ˳°͡
˯еʶСԴѻů̱
С̿СᣬСʱһЦ
С᣺)ˡ
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侲 ĿƵض
Сû ͷſ Ǽϵġʪĺˮζ ͦš
СΪ˵ʱ򣬺Ȼ˵һ仰
֪˭
Сһ㲻ĻΪԷֻװơ
Сצӣ ׼ȷؽг֣Īɡ
ܶǰ ϵɼ˳β鳤λãԪ˧ϧΪ֢Щܻ ⣬ȴûһܿҵˣɼڴһϲεĵλ
Īʮ츳ˣлʮǰսϴʣ˵ܺڵԪ˧Ƕά˹һ£ ϧѧûҵȳ⡣
һȥ ʮꡣ
Ƕά˹ΪĪѾˣ û뵽ţ ڣۡ
뵽ǽСС̣ҲǶά˹ЩˬצӲ£ᣬ·ڸ˰/Ħ
ĪϳݣؿԺʶģԭǹˡ
ǹļ壬ǹʿ棬ֻļҵģ
Ƕά˹ӣ֪ʲô޷֪Լݣյر۾ꡣ
Ӧÿҹˣʱǵǰ뿪ŵ
Ī֪ʲô˼һʱ䣬ܿһͨˣûнӴһЩļҵܻ˵һЩֵֹĻ
ƽֻ뿪
֪СܾöԷڰԵ⣬ˬƾʲôֻߣ㲻ߣ
СĻ۾Īôȥˣϲϻ
СôΪʲôҪ뿪ûзҪҵļˣֻ˰ɱȴԶ֣鷳
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ĪڵػȵԼ˯ŵʱ򣬺ȻѣǼһ˯ˣǹ
ԸҲ̫ˣ
ĪǸ֪˯ˡ
ڶ죬С£ֻ̺С߻ؼҡ
Сûʲôˣ廹ڴϢһֱ۾Լģϸʵˣ
С᣺
һ㶣Ʈһ£֪ΪʲôȻ⣬׼ȷ˵ֻǳʲôʲôʱ򣬲Ż⣬ƽǲʵġ
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С᲻֪Լ¶ˣʶװԹԵŵС̿ȥ
С̣ҽģװˡ
ûע⵽֮Ľ棬СĬŲ룬Ȼ򣬡˵𣿡
˵ҪݣݾҪ뿪
СѸٵͷװڴϣһ
ûС̧̾ͷһۣرĿ仯ԺС۾
Сֻע⵽͵񣬸æֽл˼ɫĶ䣬ʹ𣿡
ܵĹģСҡҡͷͷԼöˡÿη嶼ܺܳһʱ䣬һη
ڵȷܣͦ
С̣ǡ
С᣺˵ͱ˵ȻҾͰҲǳ˵
ǣĳ˲˵Լ˵鷳װһ㡣
С᣺ˣ
СҲֵܱ̫ԣֻֻ춾һһ顣
ܿŭJPG
СòˣǰΪĳֻװ仵Ȼʡ

ǳˣôѧ谮ҪΪǱֹġ
ԲĴ
Сû£ͦоԷģʲôԵҿ
СָĪ˼ЦˣֻҪĶԣ
СȻͷ
̲סruaϰװġɵСërua귢ԼĶ̫ܲ׵бǸ⡣
ԲѾˡ
СͲ£æʾûϵ
һֻƢС
ĬĬ̾
ԺȻҲϲruaԼĻ٣̡ڵҲǱ԰ʱοֻͨһǱˮ涨ϸ񣬲ⴥ
Ȼͳ˶԰ܻӭ̡
Ϊǲȥrua
һ£СҲϲߣëëأԸȷȽϷҲᡣ
СѾС̳ˡ
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ҲǺ򣬵ܾû˵ˡ
м˵⣿
С᣺
С۾Ȼ˻һ㲻Ĳˣһ߾Сָúܿ죬һֻ̡
ȥСһ
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ʱþսͣ
С̣ӡŲҪֻ̡
С᣺㡪
οؿǣȥԡ
ΪֻëףСţŸȥʳĶ׼ˣСߡ
ؿСߣ
Сϳۺɫ񻨶һĺΣллС˵Ŀ佱ٽ
̧ͷ¶ԼͼǳԣȻע⵽ˡ
Сߣϵ·ǲǱջˣ
СߣûأСˡ
ŶЦ
ѽСߣɰ
СͷѧżֻӣһڴؿЩ˵ҸԼһЩϿԳֺܶŶ
ش˴ģ˳Сߵڴʵ
Ǻߵ𣿡
С˫һԽӵĺˣǵģÿ𣬻᲻ᡭ᲻ܲȻ᲻û˲Ӧ
϶صͷܺÿҾóɰģ
СգգۣллСˡ
˵꣬Դվûмȥ˼̧׼ȥʱС̲סʣ
Сˣ뿴ı𣿡
Ļͣ½ŲЩЦؿִŵĿ⣬Сߣʱѽ㲻ѵ𣿡
Се㱻Ƶˣɵɵ˵ҲС˵
֪غ˵ڲͲǿԼ¶顣
ϣԶġ
СߺȻסֱŸŷ֣ϸɸɾľһŻ˵ר˵Ұö
գգۣôˣ޳ָСͷ˰·ЩɻѵС߻ˣ
СϲֹƮΣһˡ
ЦͷһЩԹؿϲСˣ۸ҡ
һֻë׵̣ſС˵ϥϣ÷۷۵צСȣӵСϲĶ䣬һҪֻһ򳤣ĸ
СһϲԼġ
ϧǣֻһƾɵġӦṋ̃Ļˡ
СĹâСûгֵʱÿ춼󲻻סӣСԺСϣܺСһӶһ
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԰С˵ĻˣֻҪС˲ԼܴܾԺ
Сûÿë˿·ŵСϵζ
Ȼûġ
ϴ֣ϵĭɾղʲôҸϰ㶼û֡
С룬ʵСˣС߿ߴһ𣿡
ȻˡΪʲôҪ⣬ôãöණС̸߽ģûҪȥһµĻˡ
˵СѾõˡ
СȴǵõһĳŵĵͷԵֺĻ
˾Ц֪Сǲ⣬ʱ򣬹ͺͺͷȻҲðź⣬·һ޴ĺɫʵơ
ܰһ˫ллСߡ
ԵģСˡ
ʵơͬͬţ߳ȥȵȫĵطȻһͨͨͷƮɫ̡
Сߺͷð̣ظлСˡ
֪һ䷢飬׼һ㣬ദӣȫ˽ֻʳ﷽ƫá
ϲģԳ⣬ϲصģǺϲ/˿
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ÿضôʳ᲻Ӱ巢С̾ʲôûУϵľҲѸٻָˡ
Ǽʵʲһɡ
ֻοԼ
ϻû֦⣬ѱıɵɾشУѹɷĩģУٵ֮ͣ󣬷źء
ǼʵĻȷܺãԵľǰѸ鷳ʱ䲽趼ˡ
ǰҪһСʱֻҪӣͿúܺá
ȴĹУȻһ¡
СͻȻ£˴Ӧ˿ǵҹת۽Ҳˣһʱ䣬ʮһʮ֡
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յֱʾһ˲ӿܶˣ˳/ޱȵȻ˿һ£ǷԼôҲȥѿڴ
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ӿֱ䣬ң߸̾
ˮҵҵ裡
Ӣǹʲô˰ôǮһû١
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ͼάüһֱӺüһ
άǸˣôһͶô࣬𣿡
άǸˡͶʮǽϣҰԶ֡Ǯ
÷Ͷˮը/տ֡
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ͷÿĻû̫ĻͱˢǽˢȥˣͼǵʿɲԼ档
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ҵ绰һ˲ΣֱֳܿС
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ǸԼĴָ˳ָɰСͶһǽ

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Ǯڶ࣬̾С
ڵҲ֪ͶЩļ۸ڿλүĴֵˢǽʱ̲סȰ˾䡣
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ĸǣǸˣȻϲϲСӽҵˣôǰң
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үˣҪ֣СӴ½һ𡣡
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ģʽֱӦ齱ʱ򣬷˿͹ǲŻᣫתһһ˵ʱԵõС¡
Сۻﵽһ̶ȣͬ
涨֪ںͷ˿תʱҲûô࣬ԵֱİغתʮʱȻյһš
װĿǰѾӵEͬDͬأǷѡ[ܰʾѡϳƱŶ]

˰죬֪ô¡
ԭתͰ̫ˣ̶̰СʱСʮʮͿEͬΪDͬ
ԴƣٸС¿DΪCƽ̨ϻһˣϵͳ
ȷϣ꿴СµѾһٸˡ
ٸԶ롣
磺Сӿ쿴أǸģСӻٰһ𣿡
עȥ仰پЦҲ֪ΪʲôЩ˿иֶô
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ꡭ磬ָоЩֿڣСĵĶһ飬һ顣
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ڵɵƣ躿ˣǹǣ
ꡤʿ桤ǣ໡໡أ
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ϲû硯Ϊİһϣǵؾ쳤
֮ǰİһͼάάУֱɯףλɯ׹ר̡˰ͶǮ࣬ϲֱһݡ
ֱأȻĻˣһ滻ĹϲĻ
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ʼĻġ
ΪʲôʣʶѵһأJPG
ˣֻ˵ڵΰɡ
ꤣǮգ
ݣȽϻǸûû˼ҷ˿ư˺𡭡ȵȣһôɶýи硣
⣺ĳ˸̫ˣԷˣ밬һ ǿֱˣķ˿Ҫˣ
һ㣺еУʲôƫƫи磬һԲϾͶǮļĻе 𣿡
ꤣǡʲôأôǸǣôʱȥˢ
⣺ôܡͻȻ뵽ĳЩһٸһJPG
ݣأϲȥСˢǽ˰һΪдС˵𣿣
ȸ룺ҿȥǳˣǸǣСӣȥˢǽ
⣺΢Ц

ǻ֪ԼǣԺǳʲô˵Ķһֱڿ״̬С
˿ʮӣȻԼֱû꣬Ͻסɵصͷ֦ʱˮûϡ
ݵֻСǱɲ㣬ȻǱҼŵˮĲ㣬ǹ㣬ȥǵ֦ɫвݮƬӦ÷Խݮóԣɲݮ
ǼʵĲݮȭͷС֭һҧȥ֭ܵˮڿǻըĸо
гƬܿĲݮ֭
ȡʱĴĵ⣬ɫĹQĵ΢΢ζ
ζɢȥµɢ΢ζϺȻһأͷСűϣһֱۣùצӹĿȣ±ϡ
ͷǰ΢죬ϵĵ⡣
Ͻסĺ󾱾ҹС㹰ûô졣
ȤֻʶһζС仰侯Сβֺõع˹ָ
ÿϵβͼۣʶɣС̱ûһþſļϣǷݣ˵ԣమԵС⡣
Ҳǳúÿѣϲʳɹϲԡ
С̱Ǽⷢм
ȴΪӲСǶʳ̫ðŲζҲҪȥҼ࣬Ҫʼ֭˹ˡ
֭˹ʲôʳ
Сһ;ԼܳԵģ⣬ûʲô仯βȴҡøˡ
ֲܹңûֱĹ˵һ
СǲëԲõķԵ塭ϣǲҪ⡣
ͼάǲ⣡һҪ£
ֱҵչû뵽ԶҶȥܺˣ˭пչעʲôʳ
Գ˲ӽģʽģʽֻܿܳԣ
һֻСֻ̣ҪС̻ܵõԵģҲܵһ죡ô뷨׼˷ԣ
磺尡
ϧС̺عأʹûʱҲԹԵشϣȥææǡ
ǰС̴ûмֳ
в֢Ĳֵ֢úأĸĸǳƵǮֲĿȥǰ͵͵棬ѩ챻ʱ򣬱һ۵ľ˼˻ȥ
Դǣֻÿһٷʱ䶼ںȾƣһٷָԭζӪҺǵãԭζӪҺÿµ׶ۣͻΪһµʳ
Ұһȴ˵ûбʹ˾УȻս
ʲôʱֳ
СûǶά˹û
˸һңԶڼһָо
С̺䷢΢ĺ۾û˯ţĬĬϡеĸо
Ҳôõԭ
֭˹ϺСƺˣѻͷŽڻ뽪Ƭ꣬ζ̱ǣ̲סӣŵࡣ
С̵עѾˣȫ˹еζʱֱķ˿͹ڲԼͬſˮ
άǸˣҷˣҳԣ
磺Ұ㣬ģùӳһڰɣòˡ
ҲˣĻúЦ򿪹ǣƵñɫļϺϽ֭һСˡ̶ֻ̫ϲѱЩ˶ϵԼȥ
С߰౧һԲβĲϳԷ࿴֦ʱ򣬹Ȼ۾һ
ЦһףݵߣСһȳԡ
԰ɣⶼġ
˵ְӵݽһ㣬СϽˣ˿ͺ΢ĹζСԵУֱķ˿ǶҪˡ
󣺾˾ˣҳԹóԵ㣡ӳһĲ裡ѧ
ͼάȱǲȱ˫֡΢Ц
űϲԼ㣬¶ҸЦݣҲúܸˣҲûһֻ̣һ֦ݵСߣպСǣһԣ
СҲϲˮģǿԳһ
סǿ֦ĺѾȡˣһҧȥ֭ˮĽ
۾ţֵݹһʶ죬֪ͱι˺üС̿ߵֱͷʾǸ֭˹
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СҲֵͣطؽ
ֱķ˿͹ں޲úֻһǰʵİѺóԵĳԽ죡
ϧʵУҲֻͽ͵¶ߵı顣
һᣬסǼֿܷ¶֭⣬ͽ֭ζŹκһᣬȿֺشıǼ⣬ʳָ󶯡
һҧȥֱķ˿ǶپҪˡ
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磺ҪҪһ£˽ʮһ꣬û飬ûֵܽãҲǺƽƽļȻ׸֤Ҹ
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ǿɯ׷ĵĻǲмˣԲ˷ָǸǵġ
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Ҳ𣬲Ҫ׷ֱ
磬㻹ǿԼɣ׶챻ûֱۣ
Ǽĺżģ˳ֱ䣬صԼҳԼٵ̬ۡ
⣺ҽǸ絽ǲ㣿
һ㣺ǣˣûģȥ˵ֱ
ꤣѿˣүֱ
ͷǹǣֵܽǣ޿ܻ׷ֱԣȥɣ
⣺ǺǣõģҿʲôСջҶӡ
ⳡѰӻôҵչˣǣǳΪĳֱİһѻڵһҪֱ㼫ˡ
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ֲղǿѰtagĵĻɻ˭Һҵֱˡ
ԭķ˿
Į
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һԷҲûֱ˵ˣȻɯס
ɯԼ绰ˡ
һֻۣأðְҵ࣬ǲӦ
ָү
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ȴЦˣ֪ΪʲôôڼңǺǣҼ°һĸоܰɡ
֮ǰΪһûнйְ
üͷȴ̲סȴҸ硣ȻһЦ
ɯףŬ΢Ц
˾ȻΪһСԴףϵ֪ˣ»ᱻЦ
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ǣΪҪ׷ֱԺʱ䲻˽ѹأڱ˵ܣзз
ȻַһǸĹ棬˵֮ǰ벡Ϊȥֱ£˼ܱǸԺ󲻻ô벡ˣΪѾѰĲٶˣ׷ϲ
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һ㣺ȥֱ䣬ԣҿжܵȺֵܽá
۱һ
ȻǾȥֱˣϧֱѾˣֻܿطš
ܶʵ⿴طţ˷ʱ䣬ǱͲ֪ǸʲôģαΪԼȥЩ߰⡣
Ըǵķ˿Ƕ֯һһȥֱ
ǣ»شֵܽһ㣡
ӭŶôôౡ

ֱֻԺɢСſʼСԱ߿֣żŹ¶һĨЦ⡣
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ӳһɫವһڳȥС̵СβͿٵҡţ۾ؿ
ȻǹôõĹҲڵ㱻Ӱ˰ɡ
ǹıܣûϵ
С̵֦ܹСôģûһСҲ۰Ͱ͵ܹ
һ磬ԭ档ˣС̺СĶƤϣչ֫ë棬һڡ
ӵұĿ䣬ӣԺҪǻܼë׵̾ͺˡ
߱С̣ұ߱СᣬԺ̣¶Իõı顣
С̱ߣëߣˣ๾СƫͷһۣϽؽһ
๾ͣһ룬ӡ
С᲻ʾؽл
ǱһһߵġͷẒ̇ǺĵʲôϷ
˭˭еø
СôɾˣôҲôͯġһһСԴֻʱͣսСԴġ
̡צܺȴӲëϣǸ߼ëˢֻȶֱˡ
СԱ߸׼ϣֻżȥ߲һ䣬Ͼܵõһʪǡ
ֻȫûСˡܵʱ͵͵¡
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˯ǰΪ˷ֹֻʢ˯ţ߰ľޱ˳ֻ̻˯ܿҲ˯ˡ
¹͸׵ĿռֻỺĺ
һ΢š
·ʧһ
С̺Ȼ˫ۣ¶ͫһ룬С̲ˣıӱȥԼܿһûβͼβ
ֻĴֵָСߴӱͨɫƬԵŽߣ߸ȵϣСߵͫ˷ܵñ³ɫţ̽ǰ˵¡
ϲ¶ȡ
С߸˵û˻βͣϣСԴԴһȵģ֪˯û˯ţֻܿСβһֱϻȦ
Ƕά˹ͷһĵ¶ȸȾ̵ͷת΢΢һ㷭ڱϣ΢ذ
ϵС߿ɵɵģ̫ӡ
һε¶Ķš
ڵͻ㱾İٷ֮һСɿɰͷһġİ̺ۣҲô˺ˡ
˯˺ܺãһ˯ˣһ϶ᷭһ£·ڣǶά˹Ļߡ
Ƕά˹Ŵһ̽ͷ˯ֱߵСᣬͫ¹Եޱȹ졣
ûһϵС̽βͼβţˬıӡ
룬ֻ䵽ˣ᲻ΪԼСļȥģȻΡ
ΪǶά˹ĻԼĳ棬Ѵβջ
һ룬βˣСԽ˯࣬С᲻֪εʲôֽһ
βһ٣·һѸٳβͣžһС˳ȥ
ʵϣǰ˯ʱǸ˯˺˶ѵĺ̡ڴ߷˲ʹһߵС
ڣС֪޾䵽档
Ƕά˹ѾβջˣƵأһҲǸ˻µߣֻҪֻе
ǣǼë
´ֻʣһһˣǶά˹ĵͷԹԵƤϣںе㲻ܿƣż᲻Сĳ󣬱ԭΣԭҲ󣬿ܾͱʱһ㡣
ҲһҪֻߡ
ϵСβʹ˴µˣ̲סȥԭҲܺˣҲǶά˹ھˣΪе϶Ӳġ
ô
С̲ס淭˸תһȦ֪ԽԽϣ΢Ǿߵ䣬Ҳֻһ¡
ȵָ䵽ûβͼβϣСȫ΢𣬲Ҷ
ֻһ¾ƿˡ
Ƕά˹˵Լʧ仹ҡ
Сڲ䣬СβͲԾϷʶػȦ
ͫһֱ³żĺᣬǶά˹ĿһɨһĿ˯ľ

˯ҹȻʼΡ
εܾǰûб֣û취εʱֻǺ̡Ⱥһֻһʳ̡
ڰߣ۾¶Ŀ⿴Χһж˵ʵ
Ŀ䵽ˮϣȻ΢ζʲôһˮ﷭˹
̵ֻزһ˿ΣյϢҸطȻΪ̡̣ÿճǱȥˮβ
ûתˮⱻ飬¶һִֻ׵Ժ̡
Ժ̡ܱߣ˲Լ̵̣ΪܺʹԺ̡/䣬ҧ̡
һεվؼֻ̡ˣڳ󣬳һֻϲչ̵Ժ̡
ƽǳϵĺֻ̡ڻܵвʱŻ¶ͬѰĺ
ЩоСʱˮ㱻ĸоһۣ㿴һֻë׵ƨ/ɣϡ

Ϊ˲ЦõİѲ֪ʲôʱſϵС̱
С۾һһ㲻֪ղŲϲӸѹϢ
ûͷ
ʰСֱַ̣˯ֱߵ࣬ŴߵСȥˡ
ǰҲûôܹѽ
ţ߰Сᱧո˯ѵС˯ʣûԼƶλãĳ
ˣСܵһǿҵߣòۣϵСĿתضĿʱԷвһ¶Ȯݡ
С̣ǡ
СĪĺ֣ʱ̲סԼжϣֻǳΪʲôǱֵ̲̫ߵӣÿζ뾡취־ٶʲôʵ
Сצıϲ˲ȣȻԹԵض£﷢ȥʱ˫˿Сζ
ôˣ
Сᣬǵضڴǰֲ֪ʹֻܵĵʵ
СԼβͲ˲أƨ/ɵ£װûбӣҲˣСԴοһĲա
ëգ΢΢ţһסСβ͡
ֿʼʹûû£ڡͷþ̽Сβ͡
ʲôû֣һϷ⣬ȫԼжϣ뻹ҪоһʱС
һż˵ҪȥҽԺɡ
СȴΪµҧסָ⣬ãʾԼû¡
ϧָĥĥȮݡС̺Ȼȫһ٣ʪ
ʹС̵ģЩһģ̵ȮݾĶһ¾ҪҧĶ޷ָĦ/ţ/еĶſҪþȫܿסԼҧȥ
ߵĶҲһͷŵǶأһֶ
ҧȥܡĺζ
깷̣С߽ˣ±¶ӵḶ́һԻСᡣ
һ뿪ϻõıСһվϱ˳ëӵĿ⿴Сᡣ
С
ǡ

ܳĸɵ˵û壬챻ֻˣ
˳ɹ̡룬ְΨһľըëС̵´ȥ
ȴվԺﱧСߣһ룬ͷǸ˹ͺͺͷһڡ
Сߣ
ԺĲ԰С滮룬Сĵʱ򣬾̸˾ڼֵˣ츳㣬ֵ飬ôҲѧᡣ
ƶĺ̡˵ֲˡ
һֱΪֻӵũѪĵ˲ֵϵ츳ˡ
Ҳֻһ˵
û뵽ղһͿԺĲ˵ء
С˵֪Сʲôû֡
ȻˣǾͿɾ졣
һӣȻȥӣʲôʲô
Сߣһȥ
԰϶
¶һĨΣллСˡһųɾʹɡ
ûбĻϳֱ飬ͷǳ̲סһڡ
Сϸˣסָ͵͵ǵ̲סȥ
һһǶÿɺãվſڵСȴоͬɪֳʶ
߹С᲻֪ʲôֻͻȻ飬ߵǰ
ǡ
ôС԰Ȳͷ˿Ƿһ£ֱӴֱŲ԰ͣؽܣ˵һ˸ŪģھͷǰСޱ飬ֵúһĻһģһ
ͼάСҲ̫ɰ˰ȣ׼Լʲôʲô𣿡
ϤIDЦŻشֲ˲̫Уһ£ϾСæһ׼ġ
ֻҪָͿ˵Щ˵˼ֱķ˿Ƿ׷׸
ѽѽСˣơ
άǸˣĻˣô
ѵĻС߿Сߵؿֵۣø伫ˡ
ΪӦͷûǿ׼˵ʲôȻһ졣
ͷһС̺Сִˡ
̵ֻսûôҹȻС̵水СŹСӲʹ֫ƫСһײֱӵڵϣСֱһƨ/ȥ
ëƫƫСϵëСץҲץסֻܹԹԱ
۵֮Ķҧ͵ʲôʱҵֻȻ󷴻ȥ
ûע⵽ĽŲֻǰȻڵϣץСȥŴС̷ҵĽ
СĶͣ
ô
ȻͣˣСȻڽлֻرñȽС
С˵ʲôǰȻһ˫Ϥ֣˫ԽС̱ǰס
࣬˵˲ֵܶ𡣡
С᣺ѩƮƮ
СѾȷǳˣȻС̾һ̵ֻֻ̣ȻһĿȻ
òԴСķ
ڵϵС΢ʲôҲû˵
С̣غСὲֱĹȴɵһƬܾԺ˵
أҿ𣬸ղŲСѹС𣿡
ͼάʵҿĺһ
ɯ״ţҲֹĳֻͻȻ¡
磺ȻʹĽ
۷䣺ע⡭
˿ǣ
ֱ׷ڣȻݵĻ̵Ḷ́˿ǸͲǱȥģǽŻ̡
Է˿ֻ̣ǱŶԶӵĶӵָо
ǹԹС
Ȼڣǿʲô
ڵѾôQAQ
άǸˣʵңΪ˵õĳ谮Ҳٺٺ١
ͼάеԵǸһĻᰡ
СὲԷѾˣǺºͣСһΡ
԰ΪʲôҪǰֻأ´һҸصĵطٺͶԷһ٣
ɥĴͷΪԼ˵ĻȥˣϧСԴ»زˣСǽβͻţҲŸպһ㣬ܡ
СԹԵͷ
»һרŲֻβ͡
̵Ľǳɹһֱʱ˿˵ǾõˣΪ̵ֻ嶼̫ãǽǸǰ/Ħ
ͼά/Ħҿԣ
άǸˣֻôˣϲأ
ǵģѾûˣҼǵüעǾͺˡ
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ĻϺȻƮһЩİIDĵĻ
ԺǸǵҲҪϲǸҲûʲôر
һ㣺һһֻʲôÿġڱһЦ
˰˵ʵԸĺʧ۹ԽԽˣ⣿
Щ³ֵˣǵķԺƽһҲͰˣӶ
˵ʲôֱķ˿ըˡ
ͼάjioJPGɵƣôţǱؾ˲ŷųɡ
άǸˣⳤһ죬˵ǶȰȣԶûض𣿡
ĿܾǸǱˡ
˭֪Լķ˿Լϲ鷳о˿ԭʮըˡ
磺ҾͰôˣĶҾĶУʧľͲøˣûķ˿


29 ׽棩
ֱİһǸ²ű ĺܶ˿֪硱Ǹǡ
ԺȻŸҲˣǺĪġ
˰ʲôǺʲôϵ ￴ϲˣϲǲҲ Ц
÷ûôֱ һܻ𣿡
ûͷûһ٣ Ƿʱ æŲսķ˿ҵһԭ
ͼάҴʲôǾ
άǸˣ磬üһصù
ɯ״ţ Сɰ˷˹
һ㣺Ǻǣ Ҿ֪һɣ㿴ϲķ˿ô˵˼Ҷʶ㣡
Ժλױʲôѽܲgkd ҿжÿ
أ˱ˣôǴģҪ˵ɴһϲʲôþģ ֲҶôࣿ
ݣֱɣ ǲῴĻģ ǴҲ֪
ȷûĻ ݣͽöȥˣֻ̰રઽżԷһۣĿдŻ磬ֻȥʱ򣬲Żһѵܹĺгģ
Сǰ棬֮ǰҪĶóڵ
ָཱུͷллСߡ
Сջ֣ͬͬŵظߡ
С̿ͷĿһ˿˼˺е㲻һǷǳƣڶҪóֵͼķʽȴǱֳһĵط
ôţСע⵽Ŀ⣬ͷһۣǻеĮ
ֻһ˶ѡ
СƿĿ⣬ܵߣСᣬ۵زС°֣±֣Ҳһͷ
ֻߣεż
첻ˮббɳϣĶ¶΢˷ܵЦݣСǣ࣬
ȻԼڵı·һƭδš
ֻ̺ɵسܹȥСԼʺã죬ܵɳʹһģϣ°͡
СһȻЦֻǼ˹ȥһȲҲ̶ãʮУһûԼֻ衣
ﻹһ̾Ｗë׵ĸоá
ҸߡĶ˵СǴûĶ֧ɫ򣬿ܼªһݲĸצӵĶСһ˲뵽ľһֱצץõ˵ͷǹǵ¡
˵ʲôвĸоС̾غһ
ȴû졣
ϵǰϲԼϵߣ磬ҪԼҳèèõģè䰴/Ħǳİ/Ħ˱ҡ
ǰİ/Ħе˺üңҵһСģʱ򣬾ͱԭڼԼŰ/ĦԼ
ֻ̯һ̡
ֺöôܲǷأ
ûҵһģһģ˵ҵƷѾԹˡܾϲûȻ㣡
СǶûùеŵǣһ㣬Ӧò£ԡ
Сʵ̫ˣһĶɹע⡣
СЦе˵ѽС԰ɡ
ţΪ˰ȻƷˣ֫죬ͷװĶƤһڡ
ëףϲ¶Իõı顣
С̣ƤôأȻǰѶ¶һ㣬ҪӰʶȡ
µݣȫȫëףûע⵽ı顣
ӵС᲻ڱһͷ
ȻС
Դ÷ǳء
С̲ôˣ̧ͷС˵οּһİ/ĦСͷ
ûе䣬ȵģС̲֪⻹ܸʲôʲôɣû
ûоò
ô᲻ôˣ˺ƤС̣ܵİСĿͣͷ/Ħϵ
Ѱ/Ħͷࡣ
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һڽָĻϿ㣬һüɵĵĻ˳Ѳӽģʽ򿪡
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ǰľλ̨Ҫǿǲֱ֣֪俪ӽģʽǶôҾ徵ı硣
һڸЦ治֪Ϊʲôϲ޲յˣΪ𣿣
ֱõغһȷֻܿ
ôô
ΪӸһͷķ˿һɸ֣ƱҪСʲô˵ܣҪghs˼ٱһ
ôţ̨ϵʦȻе֡
شһ⡣
վò״ͬеóʦ⣬׼شʱͷƤϷ·һ£趼ûйȡ
̲סӡ
ʦɻһ
û£ҡ
ʦ
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ͬѧǷ׷Ŀе
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ؼֻֻû湻Ƶģֻ˸ʲôͷϣ΢ʲôˡ
ͷĸλòͣرȦץţûԼͷƤеҪˡ

ʦظһ⣬Ķ»شȻ½һ顣
Եģǳɧ
ʦǳذе棬ô£
ᣬˬˣ뵽ԼޣʦţҲǹģŶйأء
ʦ
ʦָŵĹԣһ࣬ڿʲôֱֱҲܿٱ㻹У
ûУղŻٱڡţˬء
ʦһᣬµʺأֱŸңȥٱ
æֹʦаܾٱĿֲܲʮ֣ٱ˾û˰
ʦֱŸң
˫ۺᣬʦ顣
ǡʦ˵ֱż£ȥô£Ȼ;ٱЩϲ㲻ң⣬ѧ


30 
λõֱŵʦдһƪǧֵļ֣ ĿУ칫ҡ
ȥʱ̻ʵսļ˹͡ʦ ˹͡һǿļ⣬ϻϽڿ˶µĺ顣
˹͡˵غкޣ һȥԷɡ
ϵĿ˶ Ҳ졣
ȴһ Ǹְʦ ̵ĶֻҪӵĶӻ־ܾų緹ûã Լȥ԰ɣ Ե㣬粻𡣡
ǰȺСӽ˺ûһ˹͡Թ
˹ֻ͡ˡ
㲻ҪȥԷ𣿡
ȥ԰ɣ һŵס
޽ȥϵֱƽֱ̨һIDȵץץͷҲֱϲ˭ʿǷաϲգȭúܲ
һλؾǿʦ ڽʮֱҵ̫ϲرѾڿץֹһֱεѧˡ
֣ ȻڿһЩ˵Ķ
ƫƫֱƽ̨Ϊ˱ ٱûйۿֱʮӣ ǲܾٱġ
ްѴչԵļ˹͡ƿϲġ
˹͡ЦУô֪ϲĲһأҿ֪𡣡
˼ΣʵƲùˣ۾á
Ժ󣬺ܿһ濴ʲôĶûϸǼ˹͡յýģ۾˰Σͷʣɶģôû
һԲӣܴù
ĮҲ֪ȷ϶ǲ֪ȥҵͼȥģô飬ʶĿǰڵ壬ȴԷϵֻûκӡ
һġ
ͼƬе񺣱ǺûôԲҲûôë
pġ
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֮ʡ
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˹֪͡ĿģΪ濴ֱҲȥ
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Լ𣿡ͨĹֻһ˿ģʽ
³ģԽˡ䣬˹͡ʾ⣬ûʲôرϲĶǹԵİ汾졣
˹͡߸˵ģʽҲûΪɶֱٿĲӽģʽ
Ҳ֪ʵûӲӽģʽ
ʮӵʱ䣬¶ţϾͿԽͼٱĶ
Ļһͷ΢꣬һֻС̣һߣС̵ͷĦС¶ı飬ƵС̶ϵʱ鲻Խ̯ȴ̲ססָ
λʱһЦ
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ֱķΧܺãһ㶼ţ޲Ծչüͷֱ䡣
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ްŰɣһģʽܴʲôı仯Ժ󡪡
һλŮʦ칫ý̰Ȼ칫ﴫֵûйؽŷ쿴ȥֻܿǿ׳ļ˹͡İ޿úܽ׷׷ֵϴصЦݣżһۣ޷˵ļ顣
ڶ죬칫ҵʦʼ˹͡ǲڸ칫ҵ顣
ˣ

С̯ŲԸ⶯ߣëҲʵߣúˬһߵСᱧַͬ/һ顣
Ϻֶܿһ
갴/Ħݣֳڷ˿˵˰ݰݣһֺܶͶ
ѾСʱѽԾݻеˮģȻûżˣԺҲû
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·Ǽձǿʵ£˵ֱҲкܶ͡Щǵȥ˽˽ԼڸɵҵõԼֱʽĽۡ
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ԱרңףʵʱأˮȡŶ
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˿Լÿ춼ڷǣһˢ¾ͱһֵķ˿
ƽعصҳûԼ䷢̵ĲƸ룬յǣԼ֪Լô˵ԭʲô
ѵǿܿˣ뻻ζҵ
еԼĴָ
С߹ŵУСˣʲô
СԴǽȥóԵģС߽Ϣòã
áС߹ɵͷ˵СķóԵġ
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ԣСֻ΢͵͵Щ鿴ǺõģʱС֪ȻûЧˡ
Ŀ⻬ϵС̺СᣬС̵Ŀ⣬޷Ӧջߡ
СĺϲСˣðݼϲСϲ̸ֲ̣̣ϲˡ
컹С˴鷳һ¾ǰǸϳš
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ֻ̣СߵǶǴߵλãȥʱ򣬷Աǰ΢Ц˵λĻҪ磬Ϣҡ
һۿ˵ͺţҲûг΢Цı飬ҵҲɵġ
΢ЦžܾˣȥǱ°ɣеˡֻ̣۶ϲ
ԱЦס漴֣̬ԱȸղŸˣ
ڴ£ǲ豸˷·ڰƼ䣬ϵİť°ĳһ⡣
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ʼΪԼ˵Ĺгʲô˵ЩҲģֵֹĵطֵķӦ
㽶γӦĶС
㲻ʲô
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ΪǺǰõģǵĿܿζӳſƮλ·ϻûóԵĹ˿۲ؿֻ
ںˣȲ̵ֻ棬гǷԣСŵ׼ӪҺ˳˿Բ֡
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Եһ룬ȥ䣬ϴֵʱ򣬴ſڸһλҲˣԱϴ֡
ϴҺƿϴú棬һ߳º͵˿Ȼڴڨʣղźͬģĺ𣿡
Ѿǵһˣʹȣ˵ǣѼҵĺӡ
ˣ˼ǿǺܺãչ˵ҲܵԲš
̲ס˵ǵ״̬ܲ
仰̧ͷһۣЦݱ䵭һ㣬Сһ䣬Ѹϴ뿪˿뿪ķԺղſģСڳԶϲһ˿ʹģ
·뵽ʲôõĻ䣬¶һĨ˼飬صϣһˣһۿŮˡ
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ҲǸ˵ˣĽ֣Լղ濴˵
ĪǰöˣȻڱڣúܲЦˡ
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ΪĪĸףЩ겻ĪܲʹĥļϵѹرǶϲ֪Īܾǰʹͷһ¶˵һ仰ûټЦݣߴҪһ
򶼾ܾˣԼΨһĺôʹʱ򣬻ȥӵµС
û˵ĿͶһԳĬŵĽ
סӵļ򣬡ƭǣʵڲģǴȥϸļ顣
ߴٵǾɣʵ̫ˡ
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ĪȻԼˣ˺üطֱĪСֶԻˣҵǡĪֺȻˣŵñӦڼϹ
üܶûֻ֪ĪסһλĿǰܵõչˣٴߵҽԺĪļ¼֤Է֪Īһֻˡ
뵽Ǹ꣬ʹֻйֻƬȻܹԷݲȣ̬͵͵ĲϵĳǸ˶Īĺչˡ
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ܰһ̴ؼңƷв̫⡣
ЩĿһۣ˾˵ģƽʱĪڶǸ۾ȻҲͣҲ˵ղŷϣû˵ѡ
룬ĪòǾͺãҪúлл˼ҡ
ǵȻͷ
ԷĪɼ嶼Ǿ޴Ķ飬Ժܰæƾܣ˵ܷչһ¹ϵ
ϵı飬֪ĪȥľѶĪ鲻ô˳ĪôãҲûϵˣԸ˵뿪뿪

֪СļˣǸֵ˷ֱԺ󣬻صλõʱ΢üͷѾȫˡ
ֻ̳ԱǴؼңһ·Ͼչû˸󣬿Ժſڵһ̣״ľһջ̸ֻȥ棬ʳ
վſֻһĴ΢𽥼Ȼֳƽˡ
һЩ߰飬ǼȻӵζͷһС߾һŰԴȫסӣէһΪӳɾˡ
СߣСˣ𡣡
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СĶζţΪÿԼЦ
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⣬һͷе㣬ΪоһЩõ顣
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ҧһӣӦһһҲԼںһЩ⣬ܵǵ˵һֵˣо֣ҴҪĿģע⵽֮ǰʹ·üΡ
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էûʲôˣֻ⡣
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Ǻ԰ѷСߣͷСһҲһֻеæԸȽڿˡ
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ǵСһһһеشܳͶϿ˫۾

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Сô˺Щ죬뿪Ļе᲻õģҲΪˣܻؼҴõġ
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ȻǸ˺۵Ĵƽ㣬ȴ˺ܶҽΧС˺ö౶Ĺʿ顣
ɯ߿еÿӿݵɳſûͣĸ˵ھӾȻûд㣬Һ⡣
ͷЩˣԱߵҽʱιһˮ
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Ŀĵֻһ


31 
ҽԺ ʱС£άȥҽֻԼȥġ
ҽܾûˣ Щȡ
ôòҪͺˣ
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ϴμʾĲ֢Ѿƺܶˣ Ҹ߱ˣ »кܶ˻㵽ôܰѵëëκõġ
̸ë⣬άʶץץͷûҽʵѾˣÿ϶˯úܺã ǰ˯һ粻˯
͵еİɣҼһ¡
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Ϊҽڣ Сʱͳˣҽϻػȡ
άУ ʲôˣҽļ鱨棬 𽥱ࡣ
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ҽʼβʱͿϻάеļѾúܶˣҽΪûаҹԵһЩڲС£Ȼȫˡ
Ҫ֪ëǧǧ˵ҲͲǧ֮һë˻ӭĲƷиָļٷ
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ҽ꣬ͺͷˣάнʲôʽļٷˡ
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άг֣ôصģΪʲô˵ܣҽڴشչȥά˵ʵҡ
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С̹ë׵ĵ̺ϣɳһֱ䣬ܿܶ൯ĻƮش𼸸⡣
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ƣǲǲˣҿɰorzͰΪcallҪߣ
άǸˣôôˣɵ˰ɣˣټҪȥˣ
أձȥ˷ǳзȨôôˣ𣿣
Ļۻң˰죬ſãԭˡ
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Բãķ˿ǵãЩ˿ɲǰҲ𣬺ǺգһֱԺȻ˰ɣЩ˲ҪŴˣ𣿣
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ǵǽϣѾεĪվڴǰûʱȥʹǳָžڹϴ֡
Сʱ䣬ûлֱ䣬Ͼߣڲò뿪ֱֻܿԽ˼
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һֻǣǣ˼ٱˡ
Ļ϶ʱһƬкЦĻǰѻС࣬ʵһ⡣
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32 
屾ǲģ ӵǶǽϵİ߼ǣԲ󣬹⻬ ˵ǲʲôܹȥġ
Եţ屻Ӳٳ󲿷֣պһֻԲĹʿצӰס
һ Ĺʿ̿˴Ӽˣ ˷ֱܵͷ رǿԺ СβͿҡ﷢໼Ľл
ҺסλñȽƫҲûʲôھӡ
ϵСҡҡλοˣ 룬 æֱס
ʿëֵֶ࣬һ˲䣬ΪԼһëˮʶ󣬷Сϵ࣬ ȴཱུ⣬ȽϽʵ
ʿڵȦá֮û۰ͰͳĽ˺޲ðͻĸ׶¯졣
һжΪǿĲ
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ǰһ۾ɫģ Ź߽Ƕȵı仯 һɫ 𣬺ɫëͷ쵽βͣβͼһɫֻצӶѩ׵ġ
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ע⵽Ŀ⣬С̽ͦͦţɼԼֵһҷǳţһϲģ
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СβȴĿϲġ
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ΧתȦȦ㱻ײСλã۾΢š
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33 
ûע⵽Լ仰˵ˣ ȻֻǽʶҲþ˵£ҺֻһֻС̡
ССĵشСϵëף ûʲôֵı飬 ǷĵԱ
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±ĵСǰ עԼġȫë С˼
֪϶֪ʲô˼벻һҿԽ㡣
С̺ȻЦһ زס͵֣ ˵ֻҪҰְֹ
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Сִ̱һ˷У Ȼûв СС̿¶ǰ ȻԹԵһ
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ЩС߰æں˵ģСӵĴ󲿷ֹȨȻ֪ղڿ顣
Ȼûк𣬰ձְںϵĲ˺⣬ţǵζۺС̼ǿ̧ͷ
ԣ⣡
ſɳϵСżС߶һۣ׷׶ӵµĴӶ
ֱĽŲ΢΢ȥС̵ĿУ⿪˰ϵ˿
˰ɣ۸ңɶ֤ݵģ
С̳˷ܵţһҲίĹǸ˻»˷ܵĶ
ܺãܶ
ϵ˿⿪°ͣ˿Ҫô棬˵Լ
ΪҪԼĹʿ棺
ѽ治
СڽűȥתתһԱ߿ֵС̣תһһ
أʿûôһ죡
ΪǶˣͣС̣һЦϲСǣһ˯ô
ôô
СͼȻһģմ˽֭Ƭ쵽ߡ
أóԣ
һΧǰСûҲӪҺװһԷ˵ԺҪζӪҺ
С߿һۣͷרעغӪҺ

ʵֹëףܶ಻ë׵ҲСɰѽ
߳Եû죬ֱ˾жʹࡣ
άǸˣˣӳһڰɣӿҪ
һ㣺˲˲ˡ
÷ֻҪİ취Ϳһģһ
տĻͷǵģţͱȽϼ򵥣ԼڼҲǷǳԵġ
÷лл㣬һȥһ¡
÷ĻֱԺ˳ֱƽ̨ȥ˼ţǣһЩϣŶ˳
굥ƴ͵ȥ÷¼Ļ˹ܼҴЩϢȥעһ¡
һУȻʦ
ڿֱ
÷৵һջعԣ侲ذһ㱻زżһ¡
ʦЦеأʲôû˵뿪ˡ
ѾǸּˣҪʲôÿֱܹõѧ׷Ӿ׷
ʦص칫ҵʱýӵѵĵ绰
ĺ屣ЭԺ
ʶڿŶԷͷ鲻Ǽ˸Ƽˡ
ʦŶ洩׵ȡЦôˣϰ
նҽú㳳㣬һ˵ķ֣
ʦҲǺնԳĵĺѿо˵ķֲǺܾ棬˳ŶԷʵʲô֣ҵµˣ
µ壬Ǻܾǰ˵ģڷ˺һˣ
˵ţ˦һֱ䣬ȥֻ˵˾֪ˡ
նĵ㿪һ΢΢ֱ
˲ĺѧ÷ԵǸ


34 
նҲû뵽ĺѧĺѾȻϲͬһ ÷Ը䣬Ҳܷ϶ԷǸˣնΪϲ϶֡
ԼЩ ϲˣʲô߰ĶУ նǵиͬѧĶӣ̳мļҵܳȥֱûͬѧɨسţԼˡ
иɾ
նֻǹǸѪ䣬ԶڵֱҲû̫Ȥ
ĺǸʲô֪һ
ѧʱרоҵŵʦоԺ֣ һԺרעѲϵ
ڶûн飬ֻѡ˼ţ˭ǿ˭λá
ƽʱϲѻ ҲΪܹõҪϢ
նû뵽һ
ûֱ ն϶ Է϶Ǹس֮ѧʶԨȤˡ
뵽˴ Ժһ޽΢ף ĿԶվڴǰԶѧ
һ룬֮ǰɢ̬һ䣬նžη飬λҳ
Էڻûֱ ֻʮطţ 涼ͳһһֻɫСӣ նѬռʮ˶ûϳʲô塣
ҲһĶûУԭеȺǿ
Ǻëûôڳĺնӡͣں峤ϡֻ׺ݵͺͷ
ֻСӿɱȺɰˡ
ն˦ԼԺĶһֱطš
ƵĿͷһˣնһۿͺǼʮǰģϵĻ˸»ر죬ͺŵĻ˿ѾҲһ̨ˣȻá
ɴ˿Էһһ꼶Ƚϴ󣬱Ƚɵˡ
նôţƵĻ˺Ȼ̧ͷͷķ򣬺˵۾ϣܾöԷƺܸˡ
ʵҲˡ
һ˵ӻ⴫СߣҰӾش򿪰ɡ
ĻһֱϵļťһǳһӾأնЩȣû뵽ͺŵĻ˻Աڵ豸ת
뿴ûг֣ڲӣնʱ䣬𿧷Ⱥһڡ
ȿȵʱ򣬾ͷȻһת¶ӾأйŽվڳرߵ꣬žͷĿ峺΢ͷϲ֪ôմһЩˮ飬Ŷ̿㣬¶޳֫ﻹһֻСӣǺͷϵСеˡ
Ķӡ
նĵ
һ룬λžͷ˵ӭֱ䣬ǡ
նպȽĿȣλȻһȫ˳ȥ
ĿȴǰĻ̺ϣ칫ϢػɾմϿȵЬҲ˲
նһĻ꾪ȵʧȥԡ
ֱ䣿Ϊֻλѧ߼Сֱ֣䣬һ겻ꡣ
µѧˣնЩĲɣѵİʲôʱഺ硣
ɢĻն绰ȥЦѣȴ˵ҪˮˣԺȻϵǸСӣնĶͣһ룬꣬ˮһ̣һֻԲӣˮС
СӺ֫ܳˮϵʱֻ֫һ΢΢¶ɫظֻǰ֫Ǳ̣СȵطմˮظԺ󣬱ԼֻצӣϰĿӡ
Щ΢΢һЦͻоѣնÿοССӣָȥһ
ڣλԼԼĿӣһָоͺܲ
ն
ЩŭΪʲôڲԹģʽͿȥһˣ
ֻܴС̵ĽǶ۰Ͱ͵ضš

ĿضĻһҲûҪ˳ͷ
ϣնͿʼңԼû˳ΪʼСˣᵽ˲ӽģʽĺôϵĸоСᵽһģоԼҪֱҪ̾һ
رַ죬ھһȥ͡ĺˬ

÷ҵʱû뵽ʦ᲻ڣնҲǸʵˣҪǼиţ±Ȼ޲˯ʵҡ
նһǲȥġ
÷ûüЩĵţʵʦ𣿡
ûдκνŲ
ʦһٰʮĸ䣬Щʵϵýϵ賿÷ɫһ䣬ԱߵͰ׼Ŀš
ȻʦЩɳƵͳ
÷ʲô£
ʦ𣿡
ΪסԼҪһЩֵֹòסĺն֣кɫָӡûע⣬߹ȥš
һν˵û°
նͷ÷ļʱ׶ԷĿģ΢΢һЦЦЩӲΪղЦеˣЩ⣬Լã÷һЦļӹ
ҰɣʵôˣϢһ£Ҵֱӷļ㡣
÷ŵʦϵָӡжԷӲЦݣ࣬ͷӦˡ
ȺնȥȲش򿪻طżۿһ졣
÷żǹվſڣض򣬷ûˣѸܵǰʦ£Ѿˣ
ն
Цãᵽ˾Υܸ߳Уô͵ˣȻֱܿնֻҸڰ÷Ū˹ȥһ߱ԹظϢֶԷʱֱƸƸֱ˻ᷢ
ˣ»Ц
ȻЦûˣҺڴǼûô׵ǳЦܾá
Цûʲô𣿡
նһû˼˵ԿֱȥˣΪʲôĿȫˣҾ˺ܲ
뵽ǸСӣ϶ĵͷ
ʵҲã㿴ԭĸ𣿡
Ҿúͺе񡣡뵽õǿ壬նüʵǺԸôɰǳϹϵ
ǵȷֻеѣûʲô̫Ĺϵ
֮ǰҲ᲻Ǻı֣ԽԽһġ˵طش֣Ƭ
ն껭ֻһȫ۾Ķ
Щʲݡ
ʣǲǺ񣿣Աһֱԭοһģģ
ôսܶ϶սʧĿǰѪڵˣ˵Щʧ˵塣
ܶƬû£̡һˡ
뷨ΪǱȽ˵ģ֢ûиʹǸֻܴӰ
鼮Ժ̡ӡ̣ڿһ룬ΪԼӰˡ
ϧǸ껭֡
ѿɿɰĺ̡˼ҵ趼ʶ
նϴԣȻĴƬϵһ翴ƵĶ
껭͹Բġ
ΪλѾĺ̡ն˵ֱ̲ס٩
ôǺ
һĳȻײȻʱҲǺλ֮ͬë׵һţɰҪ
Ųǣңһһ֤ģ
ԼĽۼᶨƣȻû֤ĻᣬڵĻϵΣûпɰˡ
ȥУȡֶΡ

նĵһϣͷ۵վڿſڣ߰һƬͷİ׳ҡҡ׹ССĹʿ̶ǰҪȴСƿ
С̲ɵֺõҡҡβͣɵ׳ԲģɰˣɫҲɵûһ˲
Сز仯ʱһ
ͷŵĵžһڵϣˤ˸ϡá
С̣

ĬǽʿĿ⡣
Ȼûá
ΪСС飬С̲ھʢȥڼҾߣʵݺݵظһ¡
ʿҿħĳƺܹ㷺ûԭģ
ͷ϶ǲ˯ˣСô˻ʰ䣬ܶΪ˵˵ܿ졣
ȴһֹӶͯĸо
С߳ʱ൱˯ɣС˯
εضС̵СԴϣһ˯ɡ
䣬ԱߵС߹һƨɼǵزСȣվֻצצϥϣСԴצϣʪСۿͰѷŪһС̱Ŀֿɰˡ
ףСˡ
˵Сͷת룬һҲ࣬ûвҡ
κؽ룬һ죬ҹϳȥ
ͻһߵġ
Сȫ֪ն񣬿ôſϥϣͷȥֶնջоͼյС
յССھ˰Ժ󣬸ȡš
׳־ţһ죬強СȻһˣ
̣
ͬ뷨湷ͼٹһۣСŻĽС硣
ǿ쿰ƶ۵ʱһ߱С̣ұС̣С̿űСݣȴҪغܶࡣ
ҪС汧ֻС̹ˡ
̲סͷֻһڣǱøɸɾϻ֦΢ζ
֦ԵñȽ϶ֻ࣬Сӣ»ذѼˮӡ
СֻңǷһȻȥϴ衣
һȥĽųڴϹɵһС̼طڴȥ
С˯Ĵ໣С˯ͷ໣ףߴôζ
С̵ͷţӦֻСµģСѾʿ
ʿһ˷ܾҲеʢľ޴ţƫƫֲŪĶڴΧԼβͷ
ԱԤС̷˸ۡ
Һǹôһ޴οԴ
ڱķôСùܣҰķŪˣСĮצӣ¶צӼķ
һֲֻûкܴ˼С̻üβ㱻ԷȵʵǲףΪʲôܺԼβô𾢡
С̶Լڵβͣ΢΢˼
βͺֻɱˡ

ĪģС뿴Ŀ䵽ˮԡң´ſצš
ˣʹ֪ԼϺܸɾȻÿϴϰߡ
ֻʲôʱϴʲôʱϴ
С̸ûԷϰߣȴ֪Сرϲϴ裬׼ȷ˵ϲˮ
űʱͲµֻˡ
űһС죬汧̬ŵС̶ʱһ㶡
ȻͦϲģĿǰֻԷԭˮӣϴʱ򣬴ûм
֪ֻһֻʲô̫̣Ȼǡ
һˣԵϲ
ǰϲκˣڣ
Щͷֻһ˲С̶شŷȥ˳ƹţסҪŽĴ
ҪֲšԼ̫СİСӵŸÿ
ԡɢ˿̫壬С̲ס˼·ƿǰ޴ԡ׳ǰһֻ̡ڱԵͷԡñֻצԡ¶ɫĭźһ
С̼ٵĽŲ۾֣Сǣһ衫
С̣
Ĳһ
뻬£СأϲˮҲ̫붯
Ⱦˣۣȥ㿴һС̡
Ѱ˼һ£ˣЦ̫ϲϴԼצצϵĭС̱üëͱǼɫĭ㡣
û£ұ
˵ţϵĭЦ
С̣ԱJPG
ҲСˮֱӰצӲë
ֻԡϴúúõģʦһûСżᳯǱͶȥһм
ľȻܵ˴ˣʱһĳЩǿԵģƾԲ֪
̶ֻװģСһɷơ
ദôһʱ䣬ܿжϲëףëԽԽϲԽɰԽϲ
С뵽ԼԭΣûë˵ָп϶ãβֶˣͷ̣ûëġ
Աա
ԼСϴģΣ̻ϲϲسȥţС̷·/һ嵽ϣҵСϣصؽС
ôң
Ϊʲôţ
ʲôأ

رԹһѣЩþ˵ˣС΢ƣֱˡ
ֻСһ໽С
նԺԵ֡
С̣
Ǹ֣Ȼô˵ˣСϸؿһ¡
ˣȫ
ת˸ղű飬ڴؿϣǱߣƿӣǸǺá
ʵҪصˣն²ºѽ
С
žһڰУֻ̣ش˸Ƿ۾˯֮ǰϰþϣһȵ˯ߡ
С̵һ˯ô磬߾ħʢľܿ˯ô
Сüꡣ
ҹСֱԭΣֱ壬׼󣬺Ȼоʲô̧ͷһ
һֻͷֱ㶵ضСۡ


35 
Ƕά˹û뵽ԼһαײԭΣ һģرſϣĿתض ޹ִͣ·ɻΪʲôһߡ
ĿһСűţ˻˻
ͬʱҲܾ裬 ֻصشˣؼڱ䲻С̵ģôõС̣ ʵһߡ
̫ܲ
Сûûֱ뿪֪پ裬 ҲܻܿѣȷѡӦ뿪 ֪ܿһĻ
Ȼԭأ ſţֻСβĵع
սӵӱ ۿ㱻ˣҲҪۿ¶һ̣ ȫġ
һһںڰжţС˶ɿ̽צӣ ͼס޷ϴߡ
һѾöˣ ôỹ֪Ұߵλã
СȻеԺ Ժ䷢һĻ ͺ
ԭ״̬µεŭ ȥ˼ûеķӣߵǴģ룬Ϊʲô˯ǸλϵӲˡ
Сܴ󣬷ŭ֮໹ܼǵòҪһʼܿȣɵ棬ԼٶȾȻһԺ󣬶ŭֵһȥˡ
צѾ˲û᲻ᳳֻҪ߸ϳȥһצӺݺȥ
ŭʱȻûע⵽ϵСȻһȦʹǱȴĴֲָ˶٣ȻǶά˹˵һֻûӵĴ㹻ˡ
С̵צӻûȥͱβʹסˣβȵȦסצӣС̷Ӧ㽫ݺݵ˦ȥ
ֶնյ弴ײǽڵʱǶά˹һߣþסС̡ҪôϲЩëףһЩûɫ̶ɵ
С䵽ϣ˱β˦ȥܵ˵㾪ţûˡ
ָܿҪгѣʵ̫ˣ
С̸죬С߾Ͳͼͫһۣβƹϵߣ̨ƣҺýǶȣžһСͷϡ
飡
ֶնյ嵹ڵϣһ󿴲Ļҳ
С̽رۣڵϡ
Сβ˦˦ƵλشϣϣôֻˣϵβͼβõϻȦȦ
վСƵĵ֮󷿼Ҳûзת뿪ˡ
϶ֻǳС̣Ͼǰͬ£С߲⡣
ֻҪûΣգߵô裬¡
С߻ص̨µСڰ˫Ϊŵ΢΢

ڶ죬ճֱַߵ̲һֻʶڴһȦűߵĹǰ淢˺˯С̡
֣Сڵʱ򣬾ϲԱߵСϹһֻϲ˯űߵС̡
ôӴܵſڣ˯ȳġ
εذС̱ŵϣԷ˯úܳŲҲֻǶ˶ƨɣǼⷢһмĺ
ͷµȣᣬŵϲζС̱۾ʪرǼⶥģ漴ֳ˯˹ȥ
СԱצӣĮؿţС̸ǺñӳȥҲվװҪȥ˳ơСġϵıӣȵ˴һjioƵػγȥ
Сڸ࣬ĽŲС߻عͷСˣϺá
Ϻѽ
ʲô
Сߣࡣ
Ϊ̡Ըֺ߲ܣΪٳԲ塣
죬ǰ죬ǰ죬϶Եḷֻ́࣬رС̣᲻ˣҪζ
ĵǣСһȦһȦתӣ϶˵ǲġ
ţô֪
Сƶˣǿ϶ҲϲԺġϲҲϲԲȥ͹ȥֻСˣС˵İòĵģÿ̵ܶ࣬ǿķϡ
ΪڶԼ֣ȻЦòУļ򣬶ƤɣҪζġ
С߲֪ԼﶺЦˣǿҲܸˣֱĳɫС
С߷·ָܸܵ¶ȣһʱЩκأ鲻ԽʳûеĻСˣСûëëСΪʲôϲҵأ
Ϊϲѽ
Ƕϲ˵һ֫﷽ʽֻϲëġ
СߣС˺ϲëף룬˵ֻ򣬻ڵ
ͷһôƺЩǣɵòü
Сתڷ磬˵࣬Ƕά˹жնա
Ŷղſ϶ǿ
СߵĻԼ˵ʲôЩʧЦãëҵȷϲǶά˹̣ڲڸĸߣҿ԰еϲָǣֻΪǰһ㡣
һһһؼңԼ뿪Ҹó軹ǻѽ
СƶǶĵͷΪһˣôĺ᲻ĸ飬һֺ飬Ҳʶ
ССˣܰеϲҲһ𣿡
ҲҪ
ҴûкԹѽСԴΪСͻȻɵԴЦѣȥȱˮʱСһ㡣
Сĵͷ
߶եƻ֭ڿĲ輸ϣٸե
ллС
˴СߺɵݵСԴЦеسȥС߿뿪ؿ˺ü룬ĿԱһ䵽֪ʲôʱڽСϡ
һһһۣСвƵ¶ȮݣצҲ¶Ķ
СͻȻһͬں߿ĵı顣
ѧģӦԶòģСЩ̣ȻҵЩϲıô
СߣмJPG
С̣
˹Ȼ⣬ô̵ľ飬˵еë׼в
С̶ĥĥצӣСҲգضһһ̻֮ζһ֪һ˿ζ
ֻɵͬʱ￴ȥ
СС̣⣡/С˵ˣ
һ磬ŸձѵС̣գգۣϺһĺࡣ
ǰСߺС̵ͷ·µĺӡ
ΪյʧĿʱȳһ࣬Ȼһ۵ܲССǳԵµİķʽ𣿡
СͷǣˣԲ𡣡
˵ʱСҲ˼·Ҳڸ˵Բ
ҪС߹񽻷棬Ҳڰĺˡ
ǰεüֱҪԼ񵽵ذȥСֻǵСԴ
ֻ˶ѣʲô£ûҪ
òװֻεòе̣С̱ãСҲ˳ѡһݮζӪҺ
С̾͸һȺ࣬С̺ҹһҲû˯ѵӣŹǷֻιߵʱ򣬲ųűſ죬ȴͶι
ôõĴС̼ʵ۾ˡ
Ǹոմ
ֻܰţôֻܰߡ
취ֻ򣬵ȻҲܶԸֻ
뵽壬С̺Ȼһֻ֪С̿϶̣֪ԷʲôݣȻ⣬ǿ츳ƫƫһһס
׵һ׵ӲԼùϡ١
ʹҲУֵԣǰͷѪӦǷǳģǸͶڵĴҳֱһģӿ̳ġ
С΢΢ۣ¶ĳġ
СʼǱιųԣһˣɴԼצӣֶֶ֣һڸɵһ롣
ҪСۼֿһķݶûˡ
ֻͣʪë˲Ǻצӣ˳һ󣬿ֵһֿʼˡ
Сǲצצʱ򣬲ѹȻûס˸Ƿͷĳλ·ʹС̲
ϸӡʵ̫ˣʹ˯ôȻؼǵսթ޳ܱɵߣ
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Ȼˣ
һϵجΣܾñವġ
ϾȻΣյС˵ֱСһҲһˣȻôεԭôС
ԭС˼һҲС
׵ذξͿԿóСڱ̵ģͷǺӲģӶܶһ˵Ķ߾Ȼβ;̨ƾͰˣ̨ƻû飿
Ŷ
϶һǰĻߣ
СˣϣָצצıȻţΪȥˣôϲ˯̣ʵǰͿ׼ʱ𴲣ҪĻߣˣ
ϵС̶ֺ嶼ڸŶСèƵ΢΢ǳɫ۾ɫߵÿһ붼Ľš
ȵĸҲʹûпڸʲôǵгǿİ˵ţûû£ˣСӶovo
С̣ء
ǲСӣҵĸ
ǣ»ظóԵġ
С̶ʱԼˡ
ǣħز
ߣֻ̣ȥϴˮֻԼɳ棬ͬ壬ʹżĦ϶ҲйͬԵġ
ǰСǺƽڻԸʻõĶֻӦøûŶԡ
СԱ߿ţ˫ر֤ܲٳ⡣
ʵҲ
СúֻĶ˵˵棬ǰװһװ͵ˣڣʲôɫ
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С̣ҺҶ죬Ȼɳͷˡ
С̣΢Цֻɳᶯðɡ
Сȴ̲ס߶
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Сҧӣȥš
СҲ䣬ȻҲ뵽Լôġ
֪ôȻ˼˵ҵˡ

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ãĺʣա
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СԭλˮУܸоԷ˷ܣˮ˺üȦ
ͷ˿ǷϲԵĶֱ򿪣΢ͷɰֻСžͷ˷ܵ˵ǳԺʣ
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36 
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ǵԲӣôԲͳ޵пɰأ
˿Ƿ׷׿޵ֱ䡣
һ뵽⻹ֱô˿ǳ˲ӽģʽС̵ӽǽӴ ǵһδôľͷôֱ۵ؿ
һжŴˣǲûпøܶ˷̲סס۾ ָĵؿ
ɫСһֻצžͷһֻצӳڰߣżһ ̽ͷȥˮͰĺʡ
ë׵ֲޱȵЦݣ¶װ׵ĳݼ⣬΢·˱/ʲôζ ¶λðı顣
ôຣʣƵسԵˣ
ȥң ˵кܶ˵ζģ ûгԹĺʡ
Сʷڳĭעȫסˡ
ҺǵԼצצﻹץһͷ ̡ʽĿ˿ǡ
άǸˣ쿴ҿңĳϲ㰡
һֻǣϲʲôʣ Ҹ򡣡
ͼάԶ񣡣
ͷմЩˮе㵣Ļ᲻ˮǰѾͷȫյǰϸؿ ˳ˮĵطԼϻûʪëëϲһ
Ȼܲ ͷֱøɸɾˡ
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ƣҿԣ
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ʹԼǮȻƤС͸ĵһÿˮ档
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Ǽʱ˵ĽܶʳﶯҲˣͱ纣
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ʱ򣬺ö˿˯ˣ¼İףϷ˿ɣټˡ
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37 
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ͬ˵ûл ˵Cϵĺͬûÿ춼ֱӲҪ
Ȼ Ҫȫ㡣
ǣǲȫڶԼͼ̵ֻˣ ֪ǿÿ춼ֱˣ ֵøˣ ֱҪٱԭˮһȦ
С̲֪ǲǿģϽԱһ ű߲ȥ װǰߡ
Ѿˮ˿һˣٲϰ Сֱ̼ȥŪˡ
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ֻԸ̣ Ŀ䵽ϵĹϡ
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ף ѾﵽCͬ ƽ̨߻ΪԶ侭ˣ յźӾ˵ϵʽҪþ˾õŶ
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38 
С뵽Լ ϵʱгΪܰѼĴߣһˣ Źã Ҫһֻˡ
һֻ Щβͣ צӣ ȴë׵Сѩ
Сֻ̻֪ѩǲ̡
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̵ ĺ󾱰 Сǣ
Сһ
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СĲ䵽ĳط ʪС̿ߵؿΪС̾Ҳɣ  
ֻҪܲôëף һӡ
СصؽţСβ͡
ַˡ
ȻϵĹҲһ£ÿ֪ǹϢǾȻѾˣ
Сѩ
дβ͵ı
۾һȥšȵ뿪еСһֻۣȲıӰ·硣
С̣ȣķ
ǰԱյСܳһ໽УӣſСߣֻǱĿ̣һأСûƿչС̡
أΪʲôңҪȥ̣أΪʲôôɰңҪȥ̣أҲɰ𣿣Ѿˣ
ſСߣ޳һˮۿת
С̣̣ûס䳰ȷγԶˣӳԻ˰ɡ
ʶ򴽽ǣû͵ԣ


˵
ŵϵëըˣ͵شСԶ뼸ض˻ûʲôСԻˡ
ҸղŻˣ
ҵĲѾô
С̣ǣ
С̣

С̺Ȼ뵽֮ǰС˵߷ɧֻ˵Ĺ̡
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Сɵˡ
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С̿ܿˡ
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ССԳƵĴצ棬ë׵ö쿴צˣַСѩϣƻᱻѩ״ŻƵëû
СѩҲжƤʱ򣬷΢°ͣȻȲôβ͹ס
һĻ߹۲С̿ˣĿֻ⳯ѩ׵ӿȥ
Сѩһ۾
˵
˸˵ά˶ոմҽԺҽ˵ˣ֢ⲻ󣬵ʱȽϼϿܻᳳ㡣΢΢üǸ˵
ôһֻ֢صСᣬͦĵģû£һչ˺ġ
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СߣѾʮˡ
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֮ǰֻǲ²СҪǿԴһСѩע⡣
С˵ϹǶֻꡣ
ꣿȻֻС̣ߵС̣ꡤ̺Υ͸еñǼⶥ˶ġ
еʪıǼⴥкܺã˳°͡
СһֻצӰϣȵȶ
ɲֻ
СѩС°ͻͷĬĬضһȻצӴϣѧõͷë׵СԴȥš
ΪǵһֶСѩСĵѧϰţ䵽棬ʦͨóĴβϾţĦ﷢صĽ
ѩ̶ϲ˵Ķ
ȻоĴβͣСѩǰ㣬һ˲Ķ¶סеβͱ˴ͷߣβͼ⣬ˬСѩؽС
СۿţͻȻչȥֱձһڣˡ
׼סһӰˡ
Ц£֪뵽ʲôϵĶ΢٣Сѩͣ¶ؿצӰһ
û£ά˶ࣿǸ֡ȡֻȡѩ
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СѩҪϤѾˣڿ棬ǺΪʲôҲնպС̡
ǽԱգԺӵǽһ˵Ĳ
Լɫ۾΢紵ɵë䲻ðҲúܸߣ̵ձ֣ܶնգⲢӰ˧ԣΪʲôϲ̣
ɰٲãҲͦɰİ
СʶԼϲһĴܲʲôȥֹ˼һֻأ
뵽ǸƭһС̣޵²ܾôˡ
ͷ˼ʱŵСڷ˼
ǲģԼܿһƬڵľͷСѩȻ»˺棬һҲڷȥֳִβɨɨȥż·Сһ£βһֻ߸ߵ
ʱԱЦúܸˣüģĿ
С̲סץץĲ
֮ǰΪѾϲˣû뵽ֻСѩܸϲһֱûȥ
ôϲë
СճԱգӺһϣȻһĶ
¹ͶԵеֲɭ
С̳ԼëԵòϲķ˼УȻֱֱɹ
顪һ
̧ͷ˿СԱ߸֭ʵСˣôˣ
ûʲô
С߲ɫĳЩװðѷС˵߶ɨȥһ߻ش𣺡ײˡ
װϣôֱֱ׹ɡ
Сߣǵģ񶼲̫á
СһצһĶߣСߵĻ߷ߵֲ¡
񲻺ã


39 
צµĶ߱˺üţ ˻˻С̾׼زסߴ磬߾֮£ ڰСϳˡ
Ԫ˧
ҵ˰ûϵϵˣ ߣ ҲǶά˹ĸգ˷ܵ˻˻У þԪ˧ͨ
Ԫ˧ҰԪ˧ҵˣյϲԶ׼
С̲ûбϲøȾؿ۷һһ̣ ⲽһߣӷȥƮƮ䵽Ժ⡣
һ· Ԫ˧˸ССʮ 󼸸Ѱҵص㡣Ԫ˧һǳıˣ δɱ ˸ͽԪ˧ƻȽٵط
նԪ˧ģԪ˧ҲԪ˧һԪ˧ʱҵЩȲҪʲô ΪԪ˧
Ԫ˧ ǻȥɣ ԺȺжˡ
˵䣬 ձһϻżɫ ųಲˣ ĳ࣬˸ʱܲǡ
յϥ£صԪ˧̵
Ƕά˹ȴ˵ż
Ԫ˧Ĵ㣿ն˾䣬Ƕά˹ûӦһ
Ԫ˧ûвӵģհ仰ܽһ·Ⱥˡ
գԪ˧ҵݲء
ŷϢȺѾˡ
Ы̰˿յԪ˧û˰ɡ
ϰ԰ԣյԪ˧Ķ
ʳ˻Ԫ˧һ棬λһ롭
Ы̰˿ƨš
ʳ˻Ԫ˧ò˸ɩɣԪ˧¶ûаϢԪ˧ʧˣͺܺýһ㣬ȻԪ˧᲻ϵǡԿԸƲĹ¡
Ԫ˧䵽Ǹʲô棬һ˾ˣ˿ʦ·߿ʲô˵Сﶼȣڼ䣬Ԫ˧ƷжȻ˽һӲ벻Ƕô˷θĹ°
Ы̰˿λˣǻ𣿡
ϰ԰ԣΪʲôˣ
ʳ˻Ԫ˧ô³ϲŮˣԭƽͷҷΣð¡
ԭƽͷ磺ȫԱԪ˧Ⱥ棬֪

仰һȺϢʱ伣ȻǶά˹עⲻЩĹھ׹ˣȻҲһֱϵȺ
ҹʱԤڵĲ࣬Ƕά˹û⡣
ֻ˵ʱߣ˶йɣҪ
ٸԡ
ȫһɨȺϢǿƲƲ⣬ϲԣȴмЦˡ
Ԫ˧ϲһˣվԻѡ
̫ˣʱ俴Щ߰С˵
գԪ˧Ҫȥסĵط𣿡
ⶰһʧ޵ϷӣԪ˧˵ôܽͣʲô޵Ԫ˧סôãֻ˵Ԫ˧֮ǰܵĺء
յǵؿȥһ塣
Ƕά˹־ܾˣ˵ãסͦõģˣҲԱ׷ʱסţָ
ǣ
Ƕά˹˵뿪ɡ
ΪҪԼһߣ׼ѻС̵Ԫ˧Ƕά˹ȴǽϣӸµؿһۣ˵á
ղ͸Ǹˣһֻ̣һʱԪ˧ΪʲôҪǶ
Ԫ˧
Ƕά˹΢°ͣô
Ϊʲô뿪ʵ
Ƕά˹վǽϣʲôñȽʧܣնܲˣеСҫǹı顣
ҵġϲˡô˵ûǶά˹Ⱳû˲ϲҪĸоǶά˹ֻôݣΪеġ
նУס
Ƕά˹ûֱȥߣѸܽ
ڸСѩĴβ͡
СѩһβʹΧһȦʱʱͷεɫͫ׿
ߣʱ򣬲ԶȻյĽŲѭȥСܽȻܵǰ׵λãͣһƨ/ɰβ棬۰Ͱ͵
Сǿұ
ĻС̲߹ȥߵСѩĶСûֱ߹ȥϥϣצӰͷ
΢ķβסеۣСʶջצӣˬһ
֣°ϵ⣬
С̣
С̵βϸ󣬲͵ϻȦûһֵ˵
ϳŹźѾ̸Сˡ
С̣Сѩಽظ󣬡ȥһ
豸ˣǼʿƼ𱬵ľǸָĻףЩ׵Ȥ󣬷һЩƽƽ豸
ҲǷƽƽЩ豸ȦܻӭģȺǸӵһϵйϵ
ܷǵ
ǰŲʺСϷգĿǰܻӭϷ˵˺ܶģʽرʺ̶ļͥ
Ϸֱɴֱˡ
Һãӭֱ䣬ּ
ͼάǼӲĿˡ
άǸˣʱ䣡ҪԶ𣿣׼ˣ
ϷգǰûǰϤϤգգۣЩ˿ϷպϤŶ
С裺ǺϤ˺üϳⲻרŸҼСǸϷˣ
һ㣺¥侲ӱֻ̰һΪӲЩ
ϷգһЩ豦ը˳ڵĻҵϷһģʽ
ƤࣺѡģʽЦҼ̵ʱȥģʽ챻ˡ
棺ֻ̣ôоȥģʽ
дҵģʽ˰ɣһһܵÿ죬ûܶ
ɯ״ţȵȣղŴԱȥһӰʲô
Ļ͵СѩСѩСѩƮڰеͷβһ˦һ˦׺ݵһͼצӰͷ
ë׵צץѸߣûб
ͼά׺ף
󣺲ŷĶëװ̫ɰ˰ɣļҵ̣ѩѾ˰ɣ˳𣿡
Ͷһǽİϲ
ͶһǽСѩô
ȻͶôǽĻϾֻʣʵһ֣뿴С
ѵСѩˣ߾ǹǸӳ
ֱʹһ߻شСѩͦõģλ벻ҪͶˡ
ĶСѩԲˡ˸Цû뵽Ǹֻʧ˼ӣȻֳˡ
Ͷǽϣ⣬Сѩ̫࣬лл
ϲΪֱİһġ
һͶʮģǵһôģһͶ˼
ллǽ
ʵĲͶôġ
⡣


40 
ϷҪһҳͬ ΪܶȣͬȥļҳҲԭΡ
ϷСѩ֮ǰˣʱﻹֻֻС̣ רλõģ ڶһֻ̣ ãС̲֪ȥˡ
˼ҲûӦһ£ ɴȴС̺Сѩ档
ֻ̱ŵϷյλϵϷɫɫİȫȷû⣬ɽȥ ԼѰȫҲϵϡ
СѩһμϷգŵλϵʱצһֱ䣬 Ķš
Скܶ࣬ żצСѩŵҶĴβͰס
Сѩʱɿ С̾һ СѩĽȽ϶̴٣ʱ΢΢ɳƺ͵ͳݳһֻӵɤè䡣
С̲
Ҫ˵֮ǰѩ᲻Ҳ˭ģദûһͷˡ
СѩСѩ
С̶۸ûȤ 㣬 Сѩƣ ҲͿ
Сѩ С̲ ̺ռϷ磬 ֱҲ׼Ժϵر򵥡
ϲͬڰְ֣ǰԱ趼ҪûΪƶԡ裿
Сѩۿ϶ǶԵģ򵥵ļҪȰְ
С̺Ǿ衣
߼Ը֡
СѩһȻѴβͷСϣ̽ͷֺõȥС̵°͡
С̱õһ飬ֱίˡ
ԹţΪʲôҪֻѩһڣء
СѩһʼС̣ڻëë׵ܼ򵥣ϲ͸ë
СǸѸ֡
Сѩ˵ѩСʲôʱܸСѩëء
Ȼ˵ܵܣСֻСѩһۣСѩûϸܵвϢצСצѺõĲ˲ȡ
С̣
֪ԼҲɽԺ󣬶ֱķ˿˻죬֪һЩϷע
Щ˿ִڱСruaȻûôruaëףǱ˼£͸ǵڷ˿ǰĺܲƵģ뿪ӽǣӽӴ̵ʱ̫ˣòʧһrua̵ʱ򣬸
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ͼάӰӣ㿴ôɰ̰ɣôһֻѩ㲻ߣ𣿣ruaǰ
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ԼûruaëףȻ˱Լżѵruaëĺˬô˿ڴ֪ˡ
ʾ⣬ǰڵֲû̡
ë˶һı΢
Ϸ˵飬ԱߵİťϷŶʱϣϺ󣬴ϷһɫĹߣӵƮŵͷϡ
ϷרΪֱƵģȥϷգϷĹҲԿͬĳֻԹģʽǴԱ߿˲ῴǣҲӰ첻˱ˡ
ϷŹرպ󣬵µλȻ³һ£ϷһƥųЧǰɹΨһСѩĿת
Ҳͦ
һпƼ˵µģ̵ļʶʵû̫Ĳࡣ
СѩþģҲġ
СɹձϵĺɫӣǰһƬڣСѩС̵۾ںڰз̵ֻû̫ܵӰ졣
СѩЩ£βͲ֪оСϡ
СԸԼȥ̡
ǰܿԼһᣬڰʧվһĴԱ·ǣ̵ıԭεˡ
ֻ̣ҲĿȻԭΡ
ССڴſţ߶ֻ̣һͲͬһģƫƫ㿴ʱʪ۾һգһգЩ
һͷڴܼϵСܣǣһ۾ͿСѩ
ϧСѩ԰ûмСѩ
Сܳ˳ְֵĴ䣬﷢ص̵ܲسָķ򿴹ȥ
һ۾ͿſмСӡ
ɫСӳûȸߣԲģ۾㣬úвԣҪܿ˺ü飬ȷԷȷѾˡ
Ļôɰˣ
ؼëëôô
ĴԼǰĻƣ̲ס߹ȥʵãҪæ𣿡
ֵʱͬʱҲʳͬĻ
ãȥĶҿԴȥ
ҵɰǿԻ𡣡
Ժһȥģʽ
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걳ҲһֻС꣬ҲǸղ˵Ҫ̵ˡ
Ҫǵ˵ЦģǺİߡ
ſ뷨ƲƲ죬ҡҡϵС꣬СţߴΪ
꣺ţҿЦء
㡪ҵĺÿɰŶ궢Ŀת˵
ҪȥĶ
˼ˣź뿪Χʱֻʣ´꣬겱ϻϵźᣬʵ
Ҳ̫Ϥ˵ɡ
꣺Ǻİɣ
ǡ֪ʲô
Ȼ˵ãСȥ棬ɳӳǱǱ߻кܶģȥͺһɡ
˿ԼԲŴһ
½ϲر𷽱㣬̶ֻ죬΢¶ıóѵӣʵҪҪҰ㱧ȥôȥԼҲ̫ˡ
еԶġ
һеԶֱӾܾԥһ£Ǿܾˣ̫ϲİԼԭ״̬¡
Ԥϵˣû⣬ԱߵĻﰴ˼ť߻˵ˮ·
Ķߣ
㿴ŵס
ͷذ壬ذ徹Ȼ˸ɫ·һŰɫӶȥˮǼѾŵ˺ˮʪζ
̲סһһӡ
һעĴ۾쿴ֱˣϵСôûòضű˿סëʹһ
ߴһʹɻؿŴ꣬궯˶ӣץסҶ/ҳСӣû£Դߡ
ֻ̿Ըһߡ
ܾ飬˵ֻظϡ
С̺Сѩմˮµġ
ûǵǸɳ̲ʱ࣬΢СƵǰСӦúСһ棬ǿ϶ϲɳӡ
СѩһµأȰմˮ鶶䣬СԶԶĶһۣȻյһԷСɵϷƤ﷢ص
Сѩ׺ݵСͱˣצСֻ꣬̾عһȥˡ
С̲ɽضߡ
мˣԺտ˼ʮһߣϾܾˣɴԼҲԵģ˳һñԼͷϣһССģСͷ
·ˣôһ
ӴŲñ߻ͬյ̣צץżտԵ۾צԼԾӽ˼


41 
޲̽Ϸģ Ϸķʩúܺã˷ӹ⣬Ѷӷŵɳ̲ϣ ԼȥС档
ϣ Թ
޲رӲŽϷ֮ǰֱˣ ſǰһ㣬ΪҪϷֻźĲ֡
һҪѻطſ˯
ͷĲñס۵⣬ Ϸֻ棬 豸ǲܿġ
ȻᱻϷϵͳ߳ȥ
޲ֻѡ˯
ûãβͱ˳˵ ϶ҵСӣ Űƴ껨è СС;ڡ
޲طܵһôˣ
С껨ߴߴ˷ܣ
㽻˸ѣ ܰȥ棬ְҪ˯
С껨˳βϣ
û޲ҹȳ ò ڶӵĴߴ̳˵½Ǳ߹ȥ
֪è㣬 ϻС껨ֻè棬 һ̣èӲǱС껨ʱСİС껨ɳӳǱһƨɸˡ
޲غ˺þòźá
ڻûӵѣѾţһɳӣǱߵııĴ
޲︹ţһ飬׼ȺͶԷļҳк
˵һơ
ôţŲ̵أС껨ôӿٶȣʮӵʱС껨ǿǸˣŴȥһֻɫСһ
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ŵɫһ䡣
ڸ䵱Ȼ˭ǰЩȥѹĸС壬ֶЩϻֳС껨һֻرССè˵ˣһĵ¡
С껨һֻèè棬һֻСѾ޲Щˣû뵽ͻȻܳһֻСѩ
޲ظϽܹȥҪǷֿ
ûܹȥͿֻСѩ˵С꣬С껨Աһ£ȻҲȥһ˾˵СѩĴβϣһͷҧסβ͡
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ĺ̫أСѩزһۣûҲûаС껨ӳȥЩͷذѴβͳȻֱС껨סֱѹС껨ƨɵ¡
СѩظɴɿצµС꣬תС껨˵£ƵҧС䡣
С껨رסβͣиͣ
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껨èϲСӣ

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޲һע⵽ãı飬ŷӦεֻ̫ˡ
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ʵ˿ҳϲģ޲ָǱˣС껨ɣҲǳ档
ѽЦЦ֪ԷǷ˿ԺߵλãöԷ
еģʹǽϷˡ
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44 
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С̷ŵλǽϿסС̱ԺѾ˼˺ܶࡣ
ﶼҪС̺ãοڵ̿ɲǳһܺӡ
ܺӲúýԺȥ˵ļңôС
Ըóͷǵóͷ
ĥŸô£뵽һ飬ôҪǽ
˵С̿ɾˣһӾˣһֻצӰһֻצӶСָָ㡣
˰ҸϳȥҽҪȻôҲᴩǽɣ
ûô
Сߣ
СˣСΪȥ档
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СߣȻҾͰŵԺһ
СצӻӶøˣ
СߣȻҹţСһֱǿŵģΪΪС˻ԼǸСŽϾƽģСֲû߹Сû뵽̲Ѱ·Ҫǽ롣
һ˵Сסˡ
ȥǸСŵȷûйصģʵҲûôؽһƾͿԽ
С̣໡ءʲôҲ֪ѽ
ҿǲԼܲôСѲޡ
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С̴ãߣֻҪһͻŹϵͷ˱һ£պ
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극ϴ˯ʱ
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ǰ漸Լ˯ʧˣСѩҲ׼ùɴüֻԺһ˯
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СһצצģϣȦͿ£촳˻ͲˣһԹԵء
ȻϣҲûɿ˴ͷ濿ǽ
С̣
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С̲Ҫʲôɻذ˵ˣβںҡš
ǹɼˡ
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¾͸ܷ
Сƨɣվˡ
ʮӣԡ
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С̲ͣ˵ְȨ
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˯ʱǰֻ̣˯һһңڱֻ̣ûСԶſȥСѩſСһλãС̾͵ߡ
ߵؽ°͡
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ӡ


46 ׽棩
ҹ žĹİɱȥë׵Ĺצˣʶģ ԭεСæһСѩβ
΢΢ü£ üͷɿǴһ㻡ȡ
Сڱﶢ°͵ ͫںҹзӨӨİ⡣
ԭεĸо϶ǱСǸ̬Ҫõģ ϵҲкôʱߴˣǶά˹ľ״̬ǰ̫ࡣ
ϲëף Ƕά˹ͱë׵״̬ ֻϵʱ򣬲ıԭΡ
۶۵βͼСĵذϸûһվһȦ
Сۣ߱׼һ˯ ٴλ컹һֻëס
Ȼвƣرù
Ѿ˯ȥС̺Ȼʹһûѣ ӷ·һجУ˺ü
ûǶά˹Ӧ һˡ
ƶ Ȼŵβ ʱȵһƿѣ û򿪵ƣ ںڰжһӨӨɫͫ ںڰе ׷ֱһҲֻôȫڣƬԵһߡ
ôߣ
һ£ԷѸٷӦϸβɿ󣬴Ӵϻȥܿ첻֪١
žһ򿪵ƣûʱȥΪʲôһԼϣæתС̣С̻ûѣʱʶ
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ϤĶС΢ƽһʪıǼǰţֱǼζС̲Сһ£˻
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ΪСֻجΣû뵽С̸һʱͻ鴤һ£̶ԴʹĽÿÿİƽ
ΣҲˡ
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νӴǵģϻǸСῴҽ
ҽһֻûĶӹȣִ̽ȥ顣
ܿҽҪģڿˣ֢ĲƵһЩֻҪעһ£ҪѶľйȥ
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Ŀǰ֢ȷһûеõѲ֢ȻǼʣҵһģÿ嶼֢ܿţֻв֢ص
С̵Ѿõ֮һΪëףë֢ϵҲǺأʢһЩ˴˯þ
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ҽοȹ⼸¾ͺˣЦ̳Ժ󣬺ϲһ֢״ãֱԺҲٳ⡣
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⿴СһΣϻСµֲֻ̿飬ҽֲܸΣ̵ֻҵһ룬
һʶֲ֢֮ܺǰĲһ
Ϊһ־ֻ֢˲Żã粻ô˵СᣬӦͱȽǿңƽʱҲʲô
û뵽ôСҲУȻʵǿ֢
ҽ԰㲻֪𣿡Щȡ
ÿ˶УܿĻʵ
ҽɣԣһģëƬͺһ㲻ʲô£ǸϻǸС̡
رأֱȽ˵ˣʮΣϻؼ飬Ҳûֲ񻯣кתļ󡣡
ܶ࣬ҽҵģһˡ
ڱĵطһ٩ĻһЦĹȻ˾ˣһճôһ仰ͽˡ
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ĬˣҽأΪڵС̣ļ򣬡Ѱɣû£û˵ʱģҪ̫š
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Сˣû°ɣ
ҽ˵ˣû¡
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ͬ˯ŵС̷һԱߣͷֻһյɫģССĵƣǵëӳůɫ
ֻỺĺ
ƿԭԼɵλãﱾӦûһֻС̣Ȼûǣʱֻһߣϸβ
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Ѿ˲²⡣
СͻȻС£ܶãڵϵʱûģ
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᲻Ŷţ᲻ˣ
ԽԽòȫⲽ£ߵ߿˿ת߳ңߵԺ
⼸հֽԺһСȻȲ˳øӲݣҲ֪ʲô⣬ÿС߶ݣЩҰɳúܿ졣
ĬĬվиС߲ûԶǲ֪Ƕά˹ڲĶ

ײԭΣǶά˹ᵽеһݻţСǱߣԥܵˡ
ܳȥûԶȥź飬ĸգԭģ±Ԫ˧֣û뵽̽ͷͺԪ˧۶ˡ
գǸԪ˧ֻ·
һڣվ֪ˣ㶺Ϊʲô׾ӵĽڣԪ˧һǵƤΪԸۡ
ն˶Ͻϸ
Ԫ˧ûǸע
С߻ڰоȫټԭ״̬µȻΡֻܸоܷ꣬е񣬺ԥ˼ʲô⡣
ĵظһǰһζţ˿һСʱշֻû߳С
Ԫ˧ʲôҲߵ̫ˡ
Ƕά˹ԭεǸе㾪ȣΪС̽żˡ
Ƕά˹Сڻǳ󣬼ɫ/ɫˣܶǸе㲻飬սϿɱڼ򵥵
ԼʲôƢһ
ԣǶά˹˽أÿһͼӽԼˣԸɱҲŹ˼
Լ⣬֪Լڱп϶⡣
⻹С
ҪǵҵҪһǿġġսпһƬ죬ΪȺˣԺȺôҲͬһûгûм˳ΪԪ˧
Ϊľ̫棬û˻ǱõѡԺ˲ûһƾܵԪ˧
ȻǵǶά˹Ҳߵһе·ʯûֹõҪĶ
սȺ˾ʹ
ȻҲᵽط
뵽Ƕά˹ԭתһȦոת߷·ʲô̰ߵϷǶά˹ԽԽꡣ
ɵֻԼתĸ٣úݺݵβͳһ¡
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ձһβͳͷתûһ⣬ղԪ˧һֱûʰﻹͦ
ڱһ£㲻Ϻۣæֻͣ뿴Ԫ˧ô
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տڱԭˣֲ˵ʱ뵽ʲô̽ʵԪ˧Ҫǻȥ𣿡
Ƕά˹û
տĵطһ˿ǳǳãȻ
ʵҲ֪Լô졣
ȷѡǻȥˣһлصϣÿƫƧƫƧĽ䣬һֻӴһÿ춼ͼＸֻװ̵衣
ĵ֪Ƕά˹Ȼһط£»Ц
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Ƕά˹ɫһɿ쳯Զ뿪տ˼ʹɻԪ˧ΪʲôһһǰôᶨҪ΢һ£־뿪ˡ
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æȺַϢ
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ɵ˰ɣԪ˧Ͳˡ
˵ö԰ô죬Ƕˣȥǲ
ӣ桭ʲô˾Ԫ˧ҿ̫ ˵˵λʲô𣿡
ûлشǣһ˵˵ˡ
Ƕά˹ǲǲ̨֪ܿ

û˸ҳˡ
Ƕά˹ѸõĹյռŦһҲΣԭڵ÷ɿ졣
ܿܳȥһξ롣
Լڡ
ʹ̵ľܸϣܵڸͷð̣ò׷ˣԪ˧ͻȻͣˡ
Ԫ˧ôˣ
ְѯʵ
Ƕά˹֪뵽ʲô任շӦ϶㵽һط۶۵βͼǽڶԾǽϻȦȦĴָͷԽԼš
ֱβͶòУҪǽˣǶά˹Լͷӵϳﰵһ񾭲
ܳȥѰգʲôʱˣ
գԪ˧ˡ
ΪǶά˹ʲôʱܵǽջλͷ˵ĿǰٶȣҾͿԵȻǽȥǡ
Ԫ˧ʱȺɶ̸ҲԻصһפĵط
ʲôˣû뵽Ƕά˹ûȥκһط
ʱķĿ
Ƕά˹룬ĳֶ
һ·ܹԺһ£ԭεһ̣﾿ʲôûиоǡ
ȷõ̬ȣǶά˹ԼԺ˯žˡ
ΪԼ˯þ÷ǳбҪȥһˡ
ûնഭֿԪ˧ವһܲӰˡ
ϵգ
ĺ֪Ԫ˧ĸ֣ΪʲôٶȰ
߰ôƵҪʲô
̲ס²ۣһֵذԭ·ء

վƬٳĲ˵ǰǰ߰һƬӲݣµĵƹ΢΢ƬطһЩȻ塣
վ˿ʮˣȻС߲ûг֣ݴһ㶯ҲޣۣЩʧ䡣
֪ǲԼŵˡ
СС̵ʱ򣬾һֻլmax̣һֻҪţͼţֻԸߣС̻úöԺȥȥһǿᲱ
СѩҲϲС̺֣˲һ죬ԸѾ
ôϲẉ̂ײܣŵҹܣӰûš
֮࣬̾˿ʵСߵԭγȳȵģҲ֪ԷΪʲôװСװôá
ڻտʼС̡ЩٶͲСġ
ϲβͳˣϲʪĵطϲˮϲ˯
ǰľ̫̾㣬û뵽СʵС̣һߡ
һƴƵߡ
ͷ΢΢
СıˣҲ֪Ժܼܲ棬ʧţ̧Ҫ뿪ȻҶҡεɳɳ
ʶ̧ͷԺᲱᲱʵ֦ҶïǳᣬһֱᲱ
һ£ʲôûУʱԼˡ
ôߣô
Ҳҹ̫ˡ
ת׼뿪ͷִɳɳ·˿Ҫע⵽
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ɳɳֹͣˣϼžÿ¡
ȴ΢̾ˡ̧ȡ
ϵɳɳ̧ȵĶԽԽ죬תʱһӰϷԾĿȷ䵽
ϸĺɫβͽزסϸ뿪ˣС̧߲ͷԱһͷȵǰÿ
ᣬûóȻĹ۲ϵСߣСĵָ˲ߡ
ǽȥʱ򣬺ò׷ɵˡ
Ԫ˧ʲô˼߻ǲ߰ҪҪٸȺǼϢ
ǷϢǹ䣬Ԫ˧˿ӦְϢȺ档
֮ǰǶά˹һأȫؾصػظյ
̲ס档
ʳ˻ʲô;˺ͺˣСJPG
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СվôϲһҲɻһ·ң˵Сˣ
СԴһ𴲣ҲϢϢ
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ңû˯£ǰֱ۷ڴϣС߰ԼһС̽ͷ
õָظһö
С߶ʱЩͷת
ָоǰһ֮ǰһֱС̵ģ׽ȴԭΣзˣС߱ƻһ㣬ذСԴ鵽ĴĴָϣԺĺţżš
û̫࣬ϾղŲŰܣôСߣٸʵ׵ʼ䣬»ܵöҲˡ
ûߣߣ֪ôκξ㣬ֱ׼ҲǳĵõϿɡ
С߱ͷβͷǵҵİ̺ۣỬϵβͼ⡣
ûбֳһԸС̹ˣ³ֱ΢Ժۡ
ԽԽϲˡ
ûųı֣СĵذͷϣԼҲȥ˵˸Ƿ
Сĵ˯ñѹϾСֻô󣬱ѹ˿ɲˡ
Сȴβͼ΢㣬ʾϱסˣԲй/ܹŵ
˼Ҳû飬Ҳǵһ˯߲ϣ֮࣬ȻСʵǰǲҲı
СһβͼϻȦȦ
ʱˣСԴˣ˯ɣԺҪˣû
ȻᣬֻҪͲᡣ
С߹ɼˣһҲûҶ
һȴ㱻
Сȫǵ飬ֻû׼һıͿһϤͷ


47 
ûʲô һˬȴֱձɵߡµˡ
Сǰ֫ǰ죬 ѹͣ ䷢ĵͺ
ݾߡ
Сע⵽ мţ С̶֣ȷƹ β˦˹ȥ
սḻСߣС治 ֻĴָϸҲװס
ϸβ˦ȥ С̾Ȼסȣ С΢һ С̾͵ڴϡ
Сߵͷ΢΢ſһƫ βջڱϣ мֹɵģ
СĪ ͻȻջβͣ Ҳûü룬С˹ȥ
ȻԼڿն֫ͽ͵ػſ
ͷ նգ֡
һ ȥԺӲˣ С緹 ҽмֻ𴲡պÿһĻ
Сǣϴˡ
Ͼ̣£Ϊ˲С̲İдӶųСߣûС̾СߵʵζӦҲϳİɡ
ӡ
Һ̱ȽϺúŪ
ýΪʲôС̱Сߡ
Сˣֱ緹һ±Ƶӡ
ˮӾˣֱ򿪡
පҺãֱ䣬졭Ҫܼһ³Ա
˵ֱĵĻˢø졣
һ㣺ʲôë׵̣ҿ
ͼάѾ׼ˣ
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費ԣߣǰⲻ𣬴ﶼ̵ôģÿĶë׾ˣôŪӦ˭ء
أ¥sbôĶ㡣
ͼάˣôӵֱﶼܳʲôܾ
費ԣȵĲ˵۰£ѵ˵ộ˵Ϊܳ˭ţǺ_
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ȻôֲиغԼܶת۵ʾġ
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ͼάţ
ɯ״ţţģҸĳֻԼܹȥģ
⣺Ҳţתžܼë׿ߣruaŶ
ĻһƬתĵĻϸֳһĨЦ⡣
ҲȫǼġ
費ԣͲ˰ɣҲţϹŶ
һǽ͡Ŭ¡
СѩҼҵ̣費ԣ
ɯ״šͶһǽ䡪ը̻
ɯ״ţȻϣҲʶʲôܳСԱлл費ԣӣǷģӶͯҲǣ˵ΪʲôûţʱɣϾ̫СҲǲסʲô
ͼάҿЦһ꣡ɵ˰費Կ˵
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⣺㼱㼱ˣ
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һĳ˺ܿͲˣתŪЩͷԡ
СѩǸ⣬Сʲôʱֺɯ˿ϹϵˣȻʶΪʲôȥ
̣ôͻȻҲ˳ˡ
λڷ٣ﴦ±״̬ûбֳĬĬر΢Цֻ̿˺üۡ
Ļһûʲôȿֳ˷ܵˡ
ͼάҺú棬ЩжôǮԼ˰͵ӼӰæôоˬӡ
⣺𣿣Ҽ޷Ƕ٣ٰѼĵƤ͹
һ㣺¥ϱˣ㿴мҳͶǽԼʮˡ

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ռֱס죬˵ⲻϲģ
һڴ̨ϰŪ仰תۣŶϲģǾǡţ
·˵ĿⶼͶ䵽ˡ
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˹ҿ
˴յĻǰ꣬׷ױʾԼľȣ
ģԭšϲ֣
׳ݣ𣿺òңȻˣԺôùӴ
ţ𣬲ɲɣϲ϶Żţô򡭡
ˡ򡯷Ǳˡ򡯡
˵⻰ǸŪ꣬ҲȺʳ˻ӵĿ򷢳ɵ׳װģ̾һɱ
׳ͬ·𣿣
/ŮҲǶЫ̰˿ָŷ˿ϢǸĻϲˣоĲ̫һ
֪˵Ǹţ˭
۵ʱֻôƣӰǽ
ҡҡͷȷҲǲ˵ֱѣȿɡ
ţԪ˧ȻϲˣǾûٿ

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Ѿпķ˿ˣһֱ㿨ûȥ
С͸һˡ
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СĵһֻצСԴĴצӷһ࣬취ůһů
ʹ߲Ҫ
̴һֻצϣһֻצӾͿʼԼ
ϵСڴзӦˣ໵ؽţûһŰԼ͵ˮҲſȥСѩû¹ˮԱߴ֣צˮ棬ĴŵÿצҲŷصβҡҡλΡ
ͼάӿ㶯rua̰
°궯ǣǲҪô궯û̫࣬żúʱ򣬺Ȼ΢·һ
һۣΡΡذβС̽ţա
ûзԣԺܸˣôߵֻ߶ȥ棬ֱӣɴŵۿųһţ̻ûӦʱצӰϣ˳ʱš
С̡ߣҲţһȵģһ΢ͬ¶߳κת
ֱͨĲӽģʽﵽÿϡ

Сİְ֣λʷ׳ʿԭſԼ¥ǷҪһֱС棬С䣬ǲԹۿ˶ֱģֱƽ̨ģʽҲǴܴż̽ӴһЩµĶ
СİְֿԭΣûʲôöӿģСôĥӲݣҲ̺ͬԼһֱ
֣ûʲôǿýζҲûҪߵͷ
ԼעһˣյʾСİְҲֻԥһӣϢˡ
öֻСȤȱһĻû¡
ţСˣҡͷԵģҪȥֻǿֱȻҪˡ
СʧòУСβͳ˳ְ֡
֣ûû£ģʽܺһˡ
˵䣬Сİְִ򿪲ӽģʽģʽҲǵһãҲ֪Ϊʲôô⣬ģʽܸʲô
ܿ죬֪ģʽʲôôˡ
ӽģʽµᵽĸоȫһ΢צŴȦʹйߵɣȻķǳˬ
ǰ౻࣬ûһֻȫ¼ˡ
СҲСĺô
ֱķ˿Ƕˣ
СİְִûָоΪԭɱ޴ĿĪᣬΪûëСʱĳǲôϲģëף˭ϲȥһֻͺͺ棬Ż֡
Сİְֿ˵ǵһαôȥر̴ĳ̶ֳ˵ǳƣҲ̡
ġˬ
Сû棬ӦѾڵϴˣȥģֻǰצסԼβͼ⣬ӡ
СԼûİְҲ˺Ķ
ʱϿܿһһСֻ¥һȥ
ǳϲС
ֱǷӦҵࡣ
ö౾Թϵģֻ뿴ҵǳʲôͷۣ֪Էơ
죺ˣ
ڣҲˣ
Բʲôµħ𣡺ñ̬Һϲӣһлл
ţ֪ΪʲôԸ⻨ǮأǮҲɣ˭÷ôõӰ
룺Ҳ̫̫ˣ
ΪʲôҪˢֱϿΰгˣorz
һ㣺ʶֵո֣

оצȣѱκʶβ͹סצӣĥš
񰶱ιȥ
ΪС̲ˮˮ﷭һȦʱ˦ϵˮ飬ˮĽˮһȦȦĲơ
εߣѾʼ̲סӵذС̱ŵϣСѩȥȻϴ裬û¹ˮԥվڳرߡ
ǿŵ̵òʧ
СѩͷԹԵشڰߣˮȻֳֿĺ֫ڶţιȥ
С̶̲סϲ˲צסСצצ˵նûѧôڽһ

ⲻС̲ԶǧҲҪܹԭ֮һ𣿣
СԼȥɫȴ̲ס³ֺõצ˺üڣĿˮɾĻЦˡ
ͼάⲻҿ𣿣һ̲סһ̲סˮء
άǸˣΪʲôѹûˣûޣˮҴˡ
ɯ״ţҲĽģǺǡ
Сȫ֪Ļϵķ˿ô²Լֻ̲סۣⲻ̲ס
رһ뵽ᷢʲôСƨ/ɺβͼֱҡɷ糵Ժ룬Ҳʶ
Ȼë׵צӣһ߽˵ţһ߰צӰ۾ϣ֪СĲỹôģʼհȥ㰴ȥҲһķצװɻͷ

ΪֻצԼϷţһ˵նչԣѧϣһȦһȦҪ̫ġ
С̣ع۷壡
ֱķ˿ˬһΣ
צӰ˰죬Ȼgetһ͵ķС̵צԼ˼£Ȼʵѧ𣿡
С̣ѧѧˣ
ֱķ˿˷ˣ
΢΢һЦһ뷨Ҫնհæ
Сǳɫ۾գգۣǺܶӣСնϲϲѽ
Ȼϲˣǻ˵𣿣
Сͷͷ
˿ְצӷԼϣȻ˵նգϷɣһ£ٰࡣ
ͬĻ͵ͷ
С̣֮ã
ӵ۾Цûˣ˵ȿʼɡ
Ҳһ¡
СһҲûвԸ鼤ԼФܾõëţצӻ̲ס
ء
һҸҸⱲӶϴצצˣ
ֱĹֱۣµĴˬͷƤ顣
ܳҪתڼͥȺ棡ҲҪֹң
̫ůˣҲ̫ˬ˰Ҳˣģ


48 
Ĳ ںһȺѴϷŸ̫̫ǵķģȦһλ̫̫رϲ˵̣ ÿδƶⲻ˰˵顣
㿴ѽ ҵ˵ˣ Ǽ¾ǸеĲԣʲô򹷣 ˦˻Ҫȥˣ бҪ˷ʱѽϲǸˣһ鶼ûˡ
ڵ˾̫ѽҵĶϲ ƫҪȥң ʲôõġ
˵䣬 ǹϵָʾ΢ֻ֪ԼɷͶϢѣ ǵɷȥ˾ʱֻǵĶˡ
˵ǵĶӣ ΢΢üͷҡҡӣĵǣѾʮ˰ɡ
ǵģ ôˣֵصͷ
˵ѧУѧ̾˿˵ǵļͥͱ˲һѽ ѧУʶˣ ֻ˷ʱѣ Ϊʲôְִȥ˾Ӧء
ôѵʱ䣬ҼҺӽʮ꣬Ҫȥ˾ѧϰˣôϽɲá
ŻҪ԰浣ʵҫĻܵĹŶҾûá
Լ뷨ȽҪɡ
Ļ·ʲôµĻôǹߺӣûкôġ
ǣ
򣺡Ҹ˵ţڵĺʮѧһ¾裬ǲ˵豦ĺӱĸεġ
ڲʮܾ꣬һ£ҵȰ
򿪹ԣŵķʲôϢ
ƽʱϲһЩϲƵǲʲôãƫƫһα򿴼ˣ֮һ˵Ρ
ǰĺǾͷˣЩԽԽ͵
ȻҲһƵֱӵķǷڼĴȺġ
ǰȺϲӵģεĴˣСһļȺ﷢ӣǰ²۹˵Ҫʲôͺͷؾȥ̫ӡ
ԭ˵ġ
ΪʲôҪȺ﷢ӣzz߳ܣ
ڡ
ȫԱ㿪ӣӭֱ䡫
ã𣿡
̣ˣȰ㲻Ҫ飬ǲƽĴ¡
裺
ȫԱûбţȥֱÿÿҸϴһ·
ܣ磬ԼΪ֮ݡ
ãõģ·
Ϊһֱˣû㿪ӣرڰҲߣ󣬵㿪Ժ󣬶Է϶ֻᷢһЩ
Щƨˡ
ɰ·ȥɲôģǸֱӣ϶ʱֳɫϲֱѽ
гҲãǼǸԼɡ
ֱҲ˽ʽͦõģĿǰеҲ̫ϲȥû˼ʱ䣬Ҹϲȵٿ顣
ǣ˵أ
ǣ˵أܳ
ͻȻֱӣΪģǵҪһ°򣬱̬ޱص㿪ֱӡ
ǵ̸˿ЩϷĸ̫̫ҲΧһȺһȦʵֻмܿǵĹԽ棬ȻǱҲǱֱģϷȿֱ˼
֪⼸˿ֱԺûһֱ壬΢΢ǰ죬¶Եڴ֮ɫ
ʱ׼İס°Ȼ¶۾Ȼ¶һɳԡ
Ա߻мȻò΢΢ࡣ
̫̫ڿСûʲôƵ
̫̫ҲûģȤشչȥȫһֱûа˿鸹СǹҲ˧磬һֻǲʶɫӡ
Ӿյıֻ̣ģУ¾õ뷨
̫̫ǲ֪ѾյһĿתضͷµСӡ
ã˳̾һ
ֱʺҵֱ
һ̧ͷ˵⻰ĲǱˣ֮ǰһһ䶼ֱ̫İ
ղš
Ҹղ˵Ҳϲȥֱͺʺҡҡӣ˵
鲻Ը˵۹⻹
һЦûסҲ಻סյǰʹһֱ
֪Ⱥע̬ĸ̫̫Ѿͷͷյһ𣬼ţûںΪ˲ֱκһ롣
һֻ֧˿ģʽֻ۰ͰͳţòУһ룬ΪʲôֱIDȥһ£ȻԼԼĹԿúͱ˼
Ǹղ㶺˰ɣô򵥵ⶼ벻ףɵΧһ𿴡
ҲӦȲؼֱIDţԼ룬Ȳۿ
ϲĵطȺ̫̫ҼǽңҵľȻǰ
򣺡˵ˣֱʺҡ

ֱǽʵ࣬Ͼһǽһͨ˿͵ǰġ/׻ˮը/
ϲǽĶǰģѾΪȥİһǣ³Ϊһġкܶ࣬ǰһٻͶǽġ
ͶǽʾĻҲʱٶЩ˿еӡ
ˮ棬ﱧС̣СֻצӻϣľĸûһԹԣŪе㲻˼ˡ
ҪСѩ
Ǹð취
С̱СԴն
࣡СβͿҡϣͷ°ͣȻ
ȴ°ͣĿȴ䵽ϣצ̽ˮСѩϡ
˿ûп˼ΪС̸ˣĻ϶ʱһƬ
ͼάҪҪҪ࣡࣡
һ㣺һĵʱ̾ʱˣȴ۵ңұruaˣҪҵ귢ź㣡ݣ룡
üΪʲôˣ
üһǽٿŵ׾ϰŶ
ƽߣ԰úúõģǮ
ƽߡͶǽʺţ

Բͣʾ벻עⶼУһЩˢǽIDİ
һлȥ˳ǱͶˡ
ǸĲȺ̫̫ͶǮͶøˣȻлһͨȻǲҪͶˡ
̫̫ǣ
ʲôΪע·ʽ𣬺ܺãǵȷĶˣǽˢһҪǼͶöŹӣ
̫̫һЦϵЦָ߹
˽°Ͷװ񵱿ˢûʮӣܽܿͳ򣬵ĻϺҲǴһɷǮĶˢǽòиյʳɻ
ӵΪʲôˢǽ
һ㣺ʲôӵգտ֣
άǸˣҼǵӲǲŹûáҼǴˣ
Ͷʮǽտ֡

ûа첻գϻǸҲѽҽ˵ġ
ǮȥóԵĲ𣬲ҪͶôǮѾȫˡ֤Ǯˡ
˻һոոĸ̫̫ŷĻˡ
̫AǮ
̫BҸǮ
̫C𣬲һͶӣС
̸䣬ˢȥʮǽ
ܺã֪˵˲粻˵ԺҲ˵ӡ
ֱβͣĿ˰еͷһۣٿĻϵˣĥţ»ؽ˽˿ˢҲҪһɡ
Ƕά˹Ԫ˧ô꣬ľܳȥ˲ǵȱľǮֶ
νȫ͸Ҳν
ôţǲˬβͼȦȦ㣬ôôܻӭأŶܹˡ
ûסСβͼ⣬Ǵ˵ĵطᰴ˰
ιȥСѩͰ಻סˣһ˷ܵڰϸ߸ߵûȱĵϣССڵ
Сѩƽʱͦصһֻ̣ھȻ־ٶǱʲôֵͬȾˡ
˵С̵СԴ
Сһںסצצ۾һ治ˣôٸߣҲ£βƨ/ɺҡû졣
Ƥ
ЦõİһֻצסС䣬֡
û֡
С̰Ͳϲ
òճƤԸɿԼСѩѾԱصĽˡ
еСѩų˵ˮ˼һ£ÿ϶Сѩˡ
ʲôСѩˣ̵ѧϰͺǿģڰ߿СˣḶ́ѧ˺Щֻʵ
СѩĴβ΢ĲϣһȻΧԴÿƵ֡
˳Ҳ̸סˡ
ѾһЩʵˣôܲˣ֣Ϲưɣǰɣ
ƿβͣëвˬؿСѩһۣţûʲôֻͷԹԵš
λܹ˰ɣë࣬ҰҲͷͷֻҪ뾵ͷ
ϲ
ɶҲֻ֪ɷСѩʲô
ɶҲǣ
ͷȻûʲô˷ˮȥ̱ʾȫᣬСβ͹סС䣬/λãסһ˲䣬ʶ˦ȥ뵽ֳ̣嶯
̣Ҷ
᲻صؾһ䣬ͱСѩע⣬СѩצӱС̻󣬸˵˼ɣ˵ֻצӣһʼǺˣСѩļԱզզС̺öˡ
Ƕ̫ڿ̫ˣɾ͸ʮ㣬ͷСѩ˸ˬҲͣط
Сѩ·õøˡ
άǸˣҪٱӶͯҪǲ¸Ҳһ£ĺճ
һ㣺ÿ춼ںڣԼΪɶӼ̣أʲôѽǴˣҲԸ⣡
AôſͶǮȻ¼𣿡
BͬʣѲͬ
ͼάȻǣⲻ̫ðɣطõķѽӲŲǼǮۿ̡
⣺ǣĸţôǮСⲻﱻǿˣûиͷJPG
DǸиŶģҲǺǮǮ˵ֻһֶѣӣǹ˼άǵǸӿԼҾǺʺһ̽һ
C
ԶһȻһЦ
Ƕά˹ļ˵һΧԪ˧ľ˵ֱ䣬һֱû뿪˴ֱ˴֪Ԫ˧ΪʲôԸ뿪ˡ
ԭֲ˼
ŶϧǮҵСɰ˭ϲ
ôԸҲôɰߴţ˭ԸܻǿԺȺ˵Ŷ
˵ֻ벻
ֱ̾ҪԪ˧ϵˡ
̰˿Ҳֲ㡣
޵¶λðЦݣһֻҪÿһͺˡ
ѾҸˣ
ƾջ룬һͷСĿתضĻСӣһ߲Ǹˮ
ǱˣԪ˧ӡ
ûԪ˧޲ðСȦô⼸˻ܱл롣
ûעǵ̸ʼֱʵ뿴Ԫ˧Ŀǰ˼̫࣬ûб⣬Ԫ˧״̬Ҳǰöˡ
һҲûʲôԵġ
հԼĹ۲˵£ִ˶ʱã̰˿ŵͷͬȷ
ͿֱֻģųԷװģĿԣٿԷôϲֻ֪һһӡ
Ԫ˧ϲ̫ˡ
ﰲ˺ȻʼԣԪ˧Ͷѡ

ʱԶУţֱԺȥǸʲôӣôô
Ӿﻮˮ˿Ҳýζ޲һ죬̸ܵĴУܹܵģֱˬ
̺Ȼɿ˹סСβͣһˮ
һ£ֻë׷ŵߣһˮ̻ӾղͻȻȥеˣǲˣһβô죿
ڰϵС֪ʲôƻ᣺ʺţ
߻Ϊ̫۵ˮ
㲻Ծ
һװι
ϵС̼ͷ󺹣ֱˮȥл
ܿˣֻצϰȵһͰ͵̣Сβ͹סצӣ滭ȦһСȵ̧ͷСһۣ֮ɫԶ׼
С̣Ļߣ
СۺС֮񽻷棬ȻǿģæŰЩ̡ܾ
ţɨ°ͣС֮ǰõλãʹϴɾˣɺܲˬ
ǹ͵͵ֻΪѱĹıǻԼġ
˭ҲûС㣬ֻеĻЩһ㣬òԾ˼䡣
ʻ䣺ô𣿻ᱻˮ
һ㣺ǲģֻеɡǾе֡
⣺ɶʲô⣿
ͼάðɣǺ۵ģһǲС˯أʲôֵ𣬲֪ڻʲô
ɯ״ţɵӣ㲻ʶ𣿡
άǸˣţ̵ȷֻС̣ûǸ赱ճС̣


49 
֪ôģ żˮ
С̲һţϵβͼСβͣ ĹǵβָϣͰ͵ſצצ䡣
̫õӣ СԴ ʵûʲô°ɣ
ҡҡͷСβ͹סָţ Ļĥĥ ΢Ƭͼ ĳĦУ˳Ƭ ߣβͼ⣬š
Ϊ֮ǰ̶ֻͻȻµģСҲһ״̬ԣüͷ
Ǹֱˣ»ټ
ûķ˿ǣ
Ҫһ
Ĺصֱ ÿνкܶƴ Ҫ˷˿Ͳ˯Ҳˡ
С̻ţ ɵһɵĵܡ
ҲûԭΣ ľԭ״̬» Ҳײϲͬĵط
˽ȥ˽˿֢ ֲ֢ܽǾϵ⣬صĳ̶ȣôѾܽᣬ츳ԽߣʵԽǿˣ֢ͻԽء
Ҫ볹˽ϵûصĲ֢ǵľ翴һ¡
ǲ˳ģҲֻϴСᷢʱȲСĵؽȥһΣʱ˳㿴С̵
óĽСû¡
С̱С̣ԼĲⶨҲڵϵʱʶܹԼʱɱ̬֣һǿ֣±ƱˣѾҲαװ
С̱ԭεʱǡ
̽һΡ
ҪС̵ͬ⡣
С䲻֪Լ˵ģܲףСͣʪıǼȥǲ
Сǣȥ濴һ£𣿡˵СԴС̵ùԹſġ
ɫͫض
⣬͵㻹ǵ಻Ϊ˵⣬֪ǲû¡
ұ֤Ľȥһӣòѽ
̿ûһֱؿȴûжʶģյβ͡
ϺȻһ̧ۣСһ£ɫǰһ
˼
ЦˣС̣Сԡ
С˦˦βͣ߸ĥĥ䣬Ƭ΢΢ɳɳҲˡ
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׼ã΢΢ģС̷ŵԼĿڵλãڱ˿ĵطŰɫģ΢Ĺâ·ķ磬С̵
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Сϵˣһ֮սУƴһ˵ġˣҲȫˣƬһأ˿ڷѪ죬ֻҪĵطʺİ߲ۼ
ôصˣҲñ֪
Ժ˵ץİѱεڱĵطսİ˿ôǱһ档
ҺֻҪΣ˿ڶܲһװ֮£ɫе԰ף˰˵ƣҲô
ֻҪصԼ˽˿ռ䣬ŻıԭΣһſԡˮѪֻҪż죬ǿϵϡ
е˶ܿϵģ˲
ߣرþʱС̻úҲΪЩ˵õԭ
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СģˮӿԼԺѾȻұʶɱ⣬βزסֻҪһ춯ػĻ˸ʹĴۡ
еˣצۣרע̽С̾סСβͣС̫ˣһ㡣
βԶɿյĴģβڰίľ˾
ۣԼľһС̵ľ硣
ֳһʵ״̬в׽Ӵĵطһһľĳֵ֡СĶ̽鵽С̵˽
ڶС̵ľ磬ǰľ֮ǰûвؿøϸһ㡣
ûʲô⡣
ܿۻɵ¶飬Ҷҡҡ׹͸¶ɫĹâΡΡĹҶ⣬֪һ磬¶鱻䣬ҵϣȾһƬ·͸ӡ
Ȼòһ
棬СԱţĹ˹βͣȴҹϡ
ǰһµеޣʻҶкˣһƬ޵ĻĮԶѵĴأѷɢŻϢҽǹɳ͸أǲĹâ·ʲôڷХ
αװǰķ̫סˡ
ھһĻԵѣȵǣ绹ڳ֮ʹ࣬С̺ദȴһҲûбֳ
Ȼúܡ
ǰһдС̺̣Ҳ˵ʹѾϰΪˣô¡
һ̣ʲôĹȥʹ࣬ľ粻˵ģ϶ԭ
Щ޴֡
ǰɳȻһСİѿһ㣬ԾȥСİʲôôѿһ죬СҲðͷ
СܶС̡
մСϻ˵ģԵôͷԣԺһruaһruaĳȥ
۵İ
СԴСβ͡
СһѰͷԽģԱһôСβͣҲˡ
ЦãΪʲôһֱ˵Ƽڶģ׷ȥ
һһԭվ˻Ƭ߲аܵľСβͳ˼һᣬһɡ
С̻˻βͼ⣬Ȼ־Լ˼˵β̫ˣûüͱסһ¡
⵱Ȼֻһꡣ
ȻУǻߵɳĮҲҪˮģˮ֮Դ
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ͷӻ֣ӭֱ䡫ڵǣһ˯


50 
仰 ׵Ц˳˯˯ʲôÿģ
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ͷף ôˣ
΢ЦҾ˯ͺܺÿأ
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ĿתضĻѲӽģʽ򿪣Ĳɵһۣһ
׿ɼˣտʼֱʱǶôĲм  
ٿڣᷢһ һַ˿·ɺתۣ ӰòҪҪģ ޲ߣ ˶̬ҲȫǴӵġ
гֻҪֱûл᲻ϲġ
ôɰӣruaôӣô˲ϲ
е뷨ѿһֻĻһֻɫӣڰɫĴϣſһֻСѩ
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Сѩ˯һϣ̫ſ˻㶶վһڴĴߵѲţȻС̣Ŀתض˻ͳԼһ档
ݵסĴצӣֻë׵Ĵצӡһ𣬡Ҫά˶ԹԵġ
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51 
Сһ߳ȥ ûӦʲôǰವһ£ֱСڴСһ ߷ίߵ
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һ㣺ᱻѹ˰QAQ 
άǸˡһǽҶİ⡪С̱ѹס
հϷŽͷϢһͷѸѰңһۿСѩȵϵСƨ/棬һһСβ͡

æֻëൽһߣȻſڵϲ֪С̣Ͻġ
С̱⵹û⣬ǿСģеԱˡ
С̾ϱɱģڲŻС֣רġ
Сβ͹סϸСίίز˲ȵġ
һ飬û£˿ָСԴ
СŲ
ССģղŵ°һС̺СѩֻأԷëëˣؾȻ˺޹ʿ
ʺء
Ŀ䵽ֻ֪ᷢʲôСϡ
磬ʱ򣬻ûͱ̶ֻЦˡ
ֻֻȱڳĸϣڰУͽػζβͣСѩ˹ˣβϵëըˣصؽš
һĸߴͦεˣѩ׵ͷ磬һߵĶ׹һѩëɵëţͷĶë΢Ρ
䵭Ŀ䵽Сѩϡ
Сѩأ档
ףֿЦ˵ӳά˶϶ˣ
ӳνĵͷ
պɹţܣ仹ΧΧ΢ͷСԺ󣬶ǰƮһƣڶ
ӳã֡
ӳĬĬضһջ֮ǰãޡ
˶ûиֻܷС񣬹ȻѾֱֻ֪ͨԼܷ
С̳һϸһֺΣյϢעһˣ໼
նգ
С죬Сβҡû
ƿߣкǽţϾͺˡ
һһɢţ壬ʲһӳ
ڹæ˲˵ʱСʵǶӳһֱ𣿡
һ£Ӧ˼˿һۣҲСǵһӳʺܲһɣӳʵҲǿ
һֱǴ׷ǵǷ飬һ²ǳ£ؿҪСѩƵĵĻһˡ
ˣ˴Ĵָ
û޳￴һֻۣһۣջߣ˳㿪ڹۿֱĹԣˢʮǽ˳ֱ䡣
ϾѾֳˣûҪЩ˿һ۰Ͱ͵سֱˡ
ԣڰлƵСѩ
СѩصسţŲǺܸˣ˵ʲô
˻ŵȥġһ䣬Сѩ˳겻ı飬ǿĻ졣
һ
ޣԼģӦʲôʱ
Сѩôβס
ǶŸɹߵֻǰʵ֪Լ𣿡
߶ʮһС̷ͷ
СѩأͼҲϴ
ϲһɣɿǣ˵֪ͺãͱС̴ô࣬ѹȥѹô죬Сô
С̣
ɲձɵʲôģԷҪʼûпԷĿ
̫ˣ
ܵС̵Ŀ⣬ϵСðͷӵؿһۡ
С̵͵͵һͼȥһܡ
˾򰡣ﲻĻߣ
Ļ߲Ϊֳ˲ء
JPG
СβͣؿСһۣСżΧת
òװѺöС̰ԹԵضϣΪСѩ޾Աߡ
ֱֱޣСѩԥسһι
ⷽȽ̣һؽеģȻ˵ʲôʲô˺öţ
СѩôߣͼιͷȻĬ޾һѣּ̧¶һİ̡
Сѩ
ߴˣԼʲôģͲñ˸ιԵˣһʰһΡ
СѩнβͣСؿһۡ
ջ֣ȥйţܶ䵽ֵ˵лл
Сѩ
˼ջؿӣǸضСѩЦЦСѩĴצӡ
Сѩֺˣʶȥ˲䡣
ûϢӿޱǼⷢһЦ
СѩãسԷ
ΪС̳ԷǳжλһСĳԵϰˡ
ҺСȻƽʱŵ˵ʱ򣬻ܼǵԼҪ¡
Եһ룬޺ȻʵǼҵС̶ˣ
ˣôˣպ˺һιС̣СҧסȻȥȻѻתϵޣβս
һۣû£ֻе档ΪʹȻûиĸһһİ˼ӻദò
Ҳȷ̵ϲ
޲˲죬ллչά˶࣬鷳ˡ
鷳СѩɹˡСѩͷԥһ£ʣҪСѩȥ𣿡
ޣȻǡ
æѲ֣İչά˶Ҳġ
˵úеȴֹ˵֮ǰҲİˣ޾ȻûͬСѩס
֪ʲô޵ķ˿
֪Сѩ߲⣬ҡӣСѩҲһĲѾ˶˺üˡ
ȻôŲ䷹ԡ
΢΢һЦеС˼
ĻʵǸ
޵ͷ
һȻûв´ʵûбҪͶôǽ
ûڿʱָˢʮңֻ˵Ӧõġ
˵ʲô˵鷳չά˶һʱ䣬лл
µ˵ֻõͷ
һеķ˿ǣ׷ڵĻϴ̾š
һ㣺Һ֪ӽӵõķˣ
ͼάΪʲôûеܵãһڣ
ɯ״ţӻչûë֣ƬܺÿᷢŶ
ɯ׷󣬿ǰ˽ҽֱͦʵҵĲ֢Ǽ𣿻᲻ᷢʲôķӦ˵ڡ
˽ҽֵؿһۣԼˣôڴʳ⣬ò׶ɹڣٱȥһ֪ʲôʱܱԺܶ˵ǲܵġ
Ŀǰ֪֢ķӦֶֽҲ޷Ԥ׼ȷ
ɯ׼ʵûб̵Ŀԣ
˽ҽУҪٹ۲۲죬ĵ˵û£ΪǵĹһΣյľء
áɯ׿һû£鷳ˡ
˽ҽһߣɯ˷ܵˮ衪ϣ̣翴ǲ˳ˣֻռ˵Ĵ
ȥһöԷˮȵ

Էڼ䣬ĻһֱҪҪ׶԰
һ㣺ҿ԰ҵ͹Ǵ٣ëףҿң
ڵһ粻ԾĵĻҲˡ
ӣҼСӣģϻطֱ𣬿϶ûбɣҪҪһΣ
Сèɣëףдצӻд䣬βϵëëҲܶ࣬ѾɹëڣԵԵԿһQAQ 
ϴ󣺶ûëףӣ
漰ëûë⣬Ļһֳˣ׷˵ëĺôûëĺôնֻһĿġ
ɯ״ţͰһ׶԰ɣǿڳ

û뵽Ҷģǰ׶԰˵̫鷳ˣһ˲չ˲ộе̶ҪƵչˣ϶տõĵطرһע⣬Ƿֳɻܡ
ڵĵĻϣëĺûëһ𳳣Ҳ
ôŪһȺ̻ؼңͺͷ
ʮȻܣ˿źˡ
һ׶԰Է̵̬ȴҶԿֱԼչ̻Ҫá
ܾˣҲü˵£ֻܱϣ룬ԺҪлѣͿ˦鷳ˣ
극ΪҪ죬صֱɳϺ졣
أôûɻؿȻһֱûϵÿһϵʱǶĬĬԱߡ
ûдԷΪһ
е£֮ǰҷϢ²۹֪ǳ˺óԵģˡ
ĻҲЦˡ
û£ʱ䣬ʱ
Ҳ伸١
һ޷¹֭˵Ǹˡ
м𣿲
޵˵ϲͣ񶯵Ĺԣ̫ˣǸ»һһ㡣
ЩҲûǣߣصԺ·˵صʱͻȻסŲ
ֻͺͺƬ˵һر𳤣˶һǶĻ
֪֡
ǵԼȥСײˣôˣɻ߹ȥǲʲôҰҰݡ
ͺͺģҶӶֻĴָƬ
ƬҶӣǶĿ²£С̽ͷĿע⡰
Ƕ䲻ҶˣǽӲġ
СƿĿ⣬룬ʲô⣬˵ܺÿôС˳
񻨣ݲݡ
ҰݸˡС̲׼ˣˣĵ
ʳ˻ܿԪ˧Ŀ⣺ӣ
ھģôˣ


53 
֪еĹ רһƬʾһꡪ
Ұݣţ ܳǶҰݡ
ǻͻ䡣
£ վûݸˣ ֮ףϧһ£ ȿˣ Կòÿ
оӦͦģŻ롣
Ƿ̫ˣµĲݸֱ С˳ֱۣ ؿˡҰݡһۣ Ұݡøˡ
ˡ
Ҳû뵽ԼôȻĻԪ˧񶼿ðˣרܹԼװһҰݣ ڿΨһƬҶӶҪסˣ ɸ
ôôķ磿Ұݣ ɻ૵
Ҳûܵжķ簡
̧ͷʱϲŵСβͳˡҰݡһ£ٵͷҰݡûˣ ƽһҰݡ
ʹJPG
࣬ ˵ ֻĬĬء
ϵĲݸƤϺȻðһЩӨˮ飬 ɻѣ ˼ʱС̴صһ£עʱתƵȥˡ
С̣ءճȡ
ֱֿ̧ۣܵܵȤնգǲֳˡ
С̣
ءܡ
ȥ鲻ѣһһĵܿˣסʡ
ǲܼʵģ̲Ҫһſɰ
ۼСֱܿ˵̫ˣɼƽʱҧȵľÿζװ
С̣СضȻ˵֮ǰܱС̣㻹ܱģ𣿡
СĬĬؿ
ע£ĪЩ飬ӣӲͷƤ˵뵽ҪܱӣԺǶҪȥruaˡ
ֻҪһֻ̾͹ˣҪëףԷܱëס
»ֺ£
Ҳ͵ˡ
סС̿ߵС񣬸˵Ұݽ˰ˮ
棬ûʲôɫ仯Ĳ˵أյô죿
ҪʣµĶˣ
ˮбֻʣµһԺ󣬷ˮѾûˮˡ

СƱƣ˵ҰݺǿģϣҲǡ
ʳ˻õءã
ˮصңС̺Сѩضڴ̨ϣͷ
ֻ⼸Ĺ̶Ŀÿο˻ǻúܺЦѾ¼˺üƵŶ̬ˣ¾Ȼһʴ
QӼ̸ֻأ
ܰʾдĻѡŶ
նգ2500
ά˶ࣺ10086
СѾ380000
ۣ
һ㣺ЦնվȻƱȻУ˵ǲǸǮˣͷ
άǸˣƱeʵҲΪͶѽôͶնչļһ
ɯ״ţһƱǱңۣĳ˼ǵԺ֧
أСѾȻĻ
ۣЩѾֻĵ˲ռԺֻ̻ȥݡ
裬Ǹ
ָ΢ʱһֱϵС̻̽ͷ·𲻾ĻϿһ¡
ϻ˽棬СɻĿ⣬һûʲôһĵͶƱѡ
ôСȡ˸ţҪǱС̿ˣС̻᲻
ĻС̿ˡ
ΪתС̵ע⣬ɴԭɵϣȻֱ򿪡
ͷץצצ̨ģ˿һֻﲻϲСӣֻһһ׵̡
˵أ˵һΪֲڷܵҰݡҰ
·ֻܲẠ̊́ҰݡΡΡضȫµjiojio
ΪԼѾţƵܹС̶صҰһۣ
໡أ
찡ͷңֱƲңΪʲôҪֻĥ
Ԫ˧ûģ
ƾľС̣棬ûþԪ˧ȣרע̵ֻȻ΢΢ɻؿ⡣
ŵջؾ񴥽ǡ
ȻԪ˧Ķ󣬾Ȼԣľεһ࣬͵ǽ鱨
ֻҪ񴥽ǣû̽鲻ϢȻԪ˧ֱ̬⣬ǿǻᱻնǵģ
ھȻֶ˸
ΪֻһֻͨɰСӣû뵽һҲͨоԼرƭˣ
䣬ʲôʱվ
С̣أ㿴ǸҰֱҵˣҺ
СѩأҲԣ
Ծ
ֻ̺̫𾢣ƵģȫûԼĴľͷ¼ˡ
άǸˣԲۣسϲң
ɯ״ţѾ¼ˣ
ֱ䣬ǿСֻԺȤٷ˿һĸЦ
ͷתѾͷ׼ԼͷһԿԼǵһ ԼŴǾú֣ϰһС䶶һɫĺΡΡ
˿ǣ
Һãּˡ壬ָŴǿ˵ҰݣרŽһ£ֳĳɹ
С´ⲻ⣬úܣֱ۾˶ˣǡ
һ㣺ۣ̫ۣơ
άǸˣʻX3
һֻǣ
÷ҼǵǰȥĲСײ𡭡õģҼǴˣҲ治
һţˬ֯һë漴ȡһ͸
Ϊĳ齱˿Ƿˣ
ɯ״ţһҪҰ
ֱʱϺȻ˷ųһݱ棬ֱӵ첩άС
Ѫͷĳ첩ȥҽԺ飬ȻõֱȻκÿ֢Һܺ棬ڵΪ˳ϧͳɱڵᵽôˣô
֤ɡ
άǰڶ̬ϵһ鱨棻ǰάе鱨棻Сǰάе鱨棻άĳշĶ̬˵ֱκë𡭡
ѪͷѾŵζˣǺĳܻǱΪ飬ơ
άнӵ˵ĵ绰ʱڿֱɻΪʲô˻ʱ绰ԴƸԺľ˻ÿҲһ׷ֱ
ʶ϶м£άн绰ôˣ
ƿڴһ٣׬ǮģӣǴһֺ̣
йأά֧
þѣֱȥһЦ
û£Сѣĸ۵ġȻҥ
άʱҲҪҪ⼸ݱȥߴҿֱĶԿ֢кô˼
侲һ룬;վøȥֱԼӦеĺô
˵ֻܶ˼ϣάв뿴Ǹ
Ȼڡ
άпǲһЦ


54 
Ϊ άȥҽԺ˽ԼߣҽĴѧͬѧ˵ĹϵñȴСһӳֵܣ ƽʱΪԷæ ۵ʱһάмʱ
֪ϵһ άо֪һҽԺǱ߲Сй¶ԼϢ
Ҫǣ ҽ϶ΪǮƶ˽͸¶ĸϢ
ֻ
Ҫҽ˱¸ˣ Ҫ͵˲˵ļ鱨档
άҽ˸绰
ҽպ̨ӵĵ绰֣ һû²ңʲôˣ
άֱ˵ҵļ鱨汻й¶ˡ
ٯ 㿴ô¡
ҽҲٯĻ µվ й¶ˣôᣡԴġ
ԣάЦǾ͵ģ ǿʦ ׼
뵽Щ̱ķԣάҪôϲӣ Щ˿оͳĻӪ άмֱ˿Щ˵ӿǲǶûӡ
Ƕǵķ֤ݾ;Լ̽࣬ǸѪͷˣ ûпֱˡ
Ͼ˶뷨
ҪӪ
ûʵԲҪ
Ļ ٯȥµļأ ȻһЩè壬ٯû˴󵨵͵棬Բûע⵽
ˡٯϵۣȥŰǸѪͷ
ǵһԺԺٯλǼ̷ǧʮһ͵͵̽˽˼鱨棬ñع漰ᱻдʮڣ㾡ɾòѪͷ
Ǽʦ÷ǳ󣬲ΪǹΪάִȵһ㲻İ¶˽ĹиϷͥ
Ҳܽƻվסŵ֤
ԷȻһֱעάǵĶ֪ٯάеҽǳۡ
Ѫͷ˵Ķģ滰Ҳ˵ôĹӴͷ
ѪͷҺܸЦҲΪЩʲôĳλĵطҪװŶ
άУѪͷš
άڼʦڶţʦһɫߵ۾άе鱨ۿ
άУҪܹضꣿ
ʦ΢Цضꣿ
ʮ̫ˣոɡ
ʦõģһнҡ

Ϸ֪֯ëſĻķ˿
һ㣺ԲۣȻԲУ
ͼάʲôϲ۹ãʲôгϴ԰ɵ
άǸˣԲԲӣҸ鷳ˣһܿͽ
ȥϿʼĩȰһȺըëķ˿һЩΪǸѪͷǲֱΧ۵ˡ
ڲǷǾֱֱ·ҷˣ˵ֱӽԡ
ҲҪʵ˼ƽõĴͳ£֯ë£˵Ӧͬǲ𣿡
·ʵɻë׵ϵˣйɰ˷粻ء
ͷķ˿Ȼġ
ɯ״ţ˵öԣԲмƽϺǺǺǣҼǵûٱŶ
أģȻ˸ӣôɰҲ˲ϲж
ͼάһԲо;ٱһڼҺúôأ
һûľٱʮξͻᱻ⣬ĳλլ˿ͳƣʮڱûߴһˡ
ôԲУˮ¿˰ɡ
ֵǳ壡齱ʼˣ
齱Ҫתҳĳ齱ֻ̬һ˿ĳ齱ΪѪͷϲԹϵʶ
Թϴ󻧣ףǸѪͷָڳʲô
⪣˼Щ齱ҿɶ
Ĺ⣺Թġ٣ͻȻĺܿɰԲԲۣǿȥֱ俴ǳë׳𣿣
֧ˣɶҴɶ˿ղ
ߣҲӵ˾ɿ˵ϢΪֱ˵绰ɿһ˼ʮϢ
ɿˣû°ɣ
ɿˣȻ˺˵˵ѾϵǱˣºܿܽ
ɿˣҪǾòˣͲҪֱˣȺɷȥֵģ
ɿ˳һϢ
ɿˣ㲻Ҫţӡ
ɿ˳Щֱ֮άǱߵϢ棬ãʲôѪͷҲȶȡ
鲻
ɾΪģʵʱתǵḶ̌һһ㶵ġ
Ȼ˻ǺбҪģɿ˱˻ҪǸرĵľûˡ
Ҳʲô£˿ǸѪͷάеļ鱨棬ʾȷǺܺõģǴάпֱԺá
ǰŷй²⣬û뵽ĻֽҲúá
λѪͷǾ⼸ݼ鱨ǱģΪԺĳһȻȻ
оԻ·⣬ǸѪͷΪʲôΪάлôİһֻϼЩ£ԼҲһܵõٺô
λѪͷûˡ
ֻҪάҸȨһ飬¾Ѿһ롣
ԼЩʲô˽һλάеĲûǴĻԷֱĳ͡
άû뵽Ȼ˽һӦǼٵģ
άУ
ľ˺ʦȻά৵һվϴżɫԭⲽ£͵ͷ֪˭Ϣ
ľˣάУ˭
άʳָڴߣ˰Ҳùˣɴʦµϸڡ
ûȶãյάеĻظ
άУ𣿣
ȫһ˽¼żСԵ󣬺ǸԺӷ䳰ȷĶ˿ش𣬶ˢˢعüϢ
άУ㲻ʲôЩǽǧҪɵˣ
ôᱻ۸޳ĹգܻԼﵽǸʲô
Ҳʲôܰæ𣿡
άУȻ㶼ô˵ˡ롭һһֱ֣ӣ
Ϣάˣͬ⡣
ѽϲʲôɫ
ת̫죬άʶش
άУɫ
ȷҪɫ𣿡
άУǵѽϣɫŶ
Ѿʼϲάм
Ǻõİȡ
˿ֱߵë£ɫëһ㶼װεģղǡÿ˾䣬û뵽άϲɫ
ɫţֻҪñӾͺ
Իάл˸ɾߴʦϽһ֤ŪԺ󣬾ȥ˸رȨĹҽԺ˼飬״ǰãѾȫëˣԭεëë͹ˮ˭뵽ǰ϶Щطͺˡ
ͬ⣬Ѽϡ
άУѽֱأû˵أЩǲǺѽôأһŶ״ΰ㣡Ѫͷ
µķ˿ǣ
ݺݣǲǿˣޡ


55 
ѪͷʵΪ άеǼ屨涼ǼٵģΪǸȻ屨ôɵı͵ĵ
Ȼ벩 ûǼݱ棬 ôΪ άʦ
ף
ѪͷʦֶҼˣ Ϊ˿𡭡
άУ˼أ ȷַҵĸ˽أ ϣβ֭Ѫͷ
˸նԻ
Ѫͷˣ
ҥҲǶɣ άôΪʲôûס
άУˣүͺͷƬȥˣΪ÷˿ǿ Ȼ𣿻Ҫϱˣ ߰ɣΪ˻⻹𣿡
Ѫͷ
ⳡնԻѵԹۣ ׷ЦڳԹ·ϡ
ͼά˭Ҽӵġôάоͺأͷ
ˮЦӴ ӵа˿ĲȻѾͺͷ
÷뵽ġ
һ㣺άû˵ȷ漰˹ǽİӣֱüһ
ǵһʦ˰ллҼල̡
Ӻܿ Ϊάʵٱ ҪѪͷԵǼʾȥˡ
ԴˣάûвȤ ²طǲ
άУ֯ë£ͼŹĽԡ
һɫëӲĳŹ µĽóʣ ֻܳôСͷԭ
ͼάһ㣡Ҳʣ
άУ¼ҿţۿӵֱȷãͷҲŲӪŶÿ쿴ӵƵ˯ˣܲ𣨷ۣǳİɣҲҪӵֱ˵𣿡
һͬ⣬ߵһԳۡ
Ҳԣллѣ»سԹһӴϣһ˵һɰ໣
¾ʹ˸һ䣬ΪάһǲܶԽŷ֣ȷкܶ˿ӵֱë׵ĵëˣûëҲƬˣ˯Ҳģط·ҲǰԵö࣬Ȼˡ
ȷ
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һƢܹŹֵˡ
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⣬ ĪҲö죬 һõǹĺӣ ڵİǹó
һѣ Ҽӵĺѡ
ҽžһ ʣȻѣǰûм𣿡
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㲻һֱһζûϵʽ𣿡
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ҪǣĪҲ֪ģóȻ˵ȥӲĳЩ˵ĺ֡
˼ҽժ۾ϵĿɬ͵Ѿ޷ء
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ҽʶֶӣ˵ĸ޷ôˡ
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ߣĪ˼䣬Ī˵Ҫʱ뿪ҽһ£Ӧһμ飬ûͿԻؼˡ
Ϊˣص棬Ϳ˫۷ſյС̣յϣСβʱʱһļѡ
еסСβͣ˻ΣСô𣿡
С̣Ϊʲôһ;ˣʲôʱֻɷĴ
СƲֵذԼβͳֲиļѴţֱǴ΢΢죬Ż˻
⿴ۣ̫Ϊʲô塣
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Ȼ¾ô֮Ժ󣬺ֱķ˿˼䣬Ͱֱصˡ
ΪǼಥһСʱȻûʲôԾͷǲһ֣ԼӰ˵ƣС
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⼤ֻë׵Ķ־Լ뵽սˣڼ䣬ֻë׻һս

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Ы̰˿ʳ˻ʳ˻ôˣδĴɩ棬ɩǲôɰ
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ڣС̾ȻҲָоûëëϵƬһҲûȣ˳Ҳ΢Ħָĸоʵ㲻һruaúˬĶ󡣡Ǳë׵İⲻʶĳ˱
ȻڿСΪ׽ɬųһţѹµСβͼ΢΢ţֱһԺûһ̯ġ
СҲпʱ
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С̾һֱϣż̳һţԹԵشͷ
һԣʵСѩС̣ﻹǺίİɡ
ôһ룬һЩΣĿС̣С̲֪뵽ʲôʹͷԻ裬һ۰еκϧһ
һ㣬ϧһ㡣Сֻ̰ŻΪԶȡ˵С̡
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ȻС˵Сߣʲô͵㡣ҲרΪṩĸֿζӪҺСһҵϲġ
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ջ֣ͱĵǰĿƵضͷС̿һԾԼȥ
С̿Сβֿʼ


57 
ѡ
С̵Сβͣ СȴԼβʹָͷһһë׵Сӡ
ۣе
סЦĳ嶯 ߵСԼŵֻͷСߣ ֱΧתȦȦ ߷ӵڵǸ
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ԼĽС༤βˮ棬 ΢ˮ鱻 Щϣરવ
ˮĶ˹Թڵӵ̣СŲӳһСצӣ˰ˮ棬ӿŵջצצ Ϊ̫ͣ Сһƨ˵ϡ
ԱߵСѩû˼Ц Сצˮʧˣ 룬 תˮ棬β͸߸СѩعͷԼβһ䣬ʣһʱ򣬿ͣס
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ҲԼֱ̫ˣί͵һͦϲģ㿴ôʾJPG

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⼸ֻ౻ܾˣʧ䡣
ΪʲôѽΪ岻ͬ𣿡һֻĵʡ
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ʧһĺ
ٿҲܴӦ
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ܼӸ𣿡
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һȺĶļһȻı̡


58 
С̵ͼԣ ֻ࿴ˣ׷׶һۣȻ ٿֻëס
ЩĶ𣿣
ǰ
۰ɫֻ࿿Źκһ飬 ë׵Ҳʲô ۾ҲûбҴľʧ룬 ǾȾӶࡣ
۰׺룬 ˡ
Ǹ׶԰ʦ𣿡۰׺ϴЦݣ Ҳϲ̣ Ҳǳо飬 Ժ˵Խ顣˵꣬ڴؿֲ֪ԼĹԹϣ ˶
ҲʦְСǶѼҵ˵һ顣
۰׺Ŷһеʧ䡣
ЩֻӵĺӣǾ˵ӿ϶һζһ㷺ˣ ԺҲϰ
û뵽Ѽҵĺӡ
۰׺࿴ֱϵԼС̣ĿСӻͦɰġ
Ĵָһ ǸҺֵľģɲͦɰ
۰׺ôһ룬 ֨֨Ц
Ц㣬 ֻΧת˻һĵʣֻܿҵԭΣҪʱ䣬 °࣬ ұԭ㿴һ
ʲôһˮԼϡ
ֻ˵Ȼǿҵ ҵĿǵõܶ˵Ͽɵģ
Ļһܶˣԭʶ뵽ԣܶˡ棬ܺܶǰΡ
಻֪뷨תһȦÿ궼нȤĻҿԸԤƱŶ
ллá
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ңǼҲܺѽ
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ྪȵؿŷԼԼ뷨˵ˡ
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Сӵع塣
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Сֱϲֻúĸоüˡ


59 
ֻëԼԵ𾢣 С̻һȺǰþⱲ⻹ǰһµȥ Ӵˡ
СŷɫͷСβ󼤶ҡţ еĿ ͷһơ
°ͣ סָ⣬ ϸĸоݵţ ļ
ллնѽ
ͷһڡ
СֵԭתһȦ ȻҧסԼβͣ ûӦӣһҧ
أ
æס°ͣβɿ СȴײײܿˣΪβԼƽвǺܺã û߼ǰŰţžߴһȥ Ϊ̫ԲȻ๾Ĺ˳ȥ
ۣ Լȥˣ Сŵæս˫ۡһ͵ľסͣӱϣһ Сɿͣ ϣ СƤٵţһͷ
Ա̧߳ͷһСѩǼⷢ
һɾŤýģһ-״ľС̵ĶӣûסСƤruarua
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СֶζѣС˼


60 
С༱Աת ๣ԴָоԼĥ̫ˣ Сల ιȥ צצԼͷβͼⶼһ顣
ӣ
Сͷ˷ܵˣһͷǵֻͲ˽Ŀӡ
Сֵʱ ֱķ˿ǺҲˡ
ͼά࣡
һ㣺ԲۣҺ֪ԷأһҪԵ㣡Ķóԣ
ɯ״ţ㣿ӣ 㻹һ Դʿ֣
ӺһؼҳԷҲȥԹ Ⱥlspˣ һȥ᲻Σգ
أӣǧҪȺûڲĹǻӻһst
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СӺȻסż̧ͷ򣬻ûʲôַɿذסˣӶѹˣ

һ󣬾ŻӰൽʮһ㡣ӺòװǮˣΪ˽Լһٳ棬ȴԼ֪ʲôط档
ΪæǺü꣬ûôĻһһȦԿƼ磬ֱѡ˸ߣҲĲ
һ˰һ䣬Ҳ֪ϵ㵥ʱôģȻԼ˸֮ð䡣
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61 
ֱķ˿Ҳ˶ ԱΪ̫Ķȥ˿ǸģΣգ С壬 ôܸɵù
ͼάӲҪ嶯
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רעڹŵûпЩܿ챻סĵĻ⼸һǺȥͨ ƹǴм·洫ģ еĶҲŴˣѾмǿ
ԺﲻɵһȺĵϵӡҡҡͷ ɢֿµ뷨 ߵǽ͵ĵƹ⣬ ·һˮ档
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62 
żһ Ȼסжͷͷ״С̣ СĲżŵòһצӹȥ צǰʶֻһ̶ֻѣȻĸо֡
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ؼӺܿɰѽôôףһͲģ
︹̣żϲұֳʲô ͷצӣ ˻С࣬ ʵֱIDʲôѽ
Ժһӵֱ
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Ѿϰ߳ȥҪֱIDˣֱID˲żżֱڹѣ Ѳŷ֣ ӵķ˿٣
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ӺһؼҳԷУ ҪסΪʲôҷô˶ûһ棡ֻżһͼ˰
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ͼά䣬 ʲôʱܼأ
ɯ״ţҫҲ
ͷƮĵĻżȫȴƣ ֱĽʺ޵ĸоǺüˣˣ գ
֪ǵЩСžţ ǿûµģûˣ͸ûȥˣֻ̻С߻Ǳߵš
ǸҪȥ
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63 
ͷµŴֿɰ ˲ӽģʽķ˿ǴѡС̵ӽǣҲ֪Сôģʹô ӽҲʼƽȵëףʱ̶Цŵϡ
ӰѺʯô ѺĿԺ¶ɫ⣬ ֺʴյߣһ һ⵽ˡ
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ӺһؼҳԷҲأ
һ㣺ǰֺͦܲʵζģú֣ ôͲˣ µһݣ
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˿ֺʵ֣˵ ⻹ǵزĿǰֻУ ĿڱǺܺá
ΪζȽأ ںסȻ ϵҲֺܽʣ ζʲ̫󣬳Բϰߡ
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64 
·۰׺දٿ죬 ͬ黹֪ӵϢұûǸĻϣȻ۰׺⸱޲ðǸӲģ ɹļȺĺġ
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65 
ǰĻƯ ǰҲûƷֵĻҲ½ϵĻݲݲ˽⣬һϳʲô
ҲǼʵƷ֡
ӳĸ˵Ļ ͸¶һûԱģ Ƽݵĸо
ΪһС֣ ۵ķǲ̫һ С
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ѵꡰҰݡҲ
֪ôæۼһ껨ѾҪչˣ ɫľḲȥ 仨ÿ̫Ѿ
ȥʱͲˣ ǰ򽻵ľȫԵ˵Ĺ ʶҪȥȻ ɾʱ еĹˡ
ɫľûκεĹԣ ϵʱ Ϲһ޻
ůĸо
ûиоô
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Ϊһ䱻Ļʳ˻һһı֣ʱɢһ˵ζĻ졢ǲᶨ˺þ¡
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ǿֻ֢㿪һ
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˰С̵ĹͷСѩĴƨ/ɡ
СԭϣֻڴܣǲСС̣СؿǺüۣҲûӰֻ棬ע⵽С̵Ժֻë׿ʼСצ
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ŴӸڴ߰ĽڰУһԽɫͫ÷һ㻨Ƶںڰһİߵܶ󣬱СѩԵҵ·ȻѾһֻʳߡ


66 
ϰ䲼һ 治ֹǣ㲼洦ɼ
ǵų˹ ԭһֻ
ɭ ͻȻģȻǶ˸ССѡ
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ĽǧΪһ󣬽ɭ۰Ͱ͵سһۣ ̾˿ Ҫǵͷôץ Ҳᷢôˡ
̾ͬƫͷôˣͬ´չȥϵҳ棬һ
˳ÿ
ɭףǵͷӣ úÿʲôãǱͨˣ˵ǲԺԺⶨĹ档
Ͳ˰ɡЦģϵȸ߶ȸԾš
ֻһ¶ѣ û˵Ҫ˷ǵͷӵƽϲ֪˭ôţƣȻǵͷר
滹д˿ϵ򣬻ĳ£úĿǰְ
ǵŵʮų
ǵһǰͻǵţ һųԭǺ Ҳ ϵһųͻף ǵһֱơ
ڵĿų µǵͳ˵۹ͷ̣Ѿǵһηˡ
֪𣿡׳°ͣȫǺ棬Ȼ֪һЩ˲֪İԡ
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ͷֻ𣿡ǸһЦ˵Ҹղź̵СһҼвˡ
Сߣõġ
˶٣ֲԲ𡣡
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ڵĻ৵һۣĴӵȥʲôСһ쵽ĺ
һҪӸۣ


67 
ڰõڻɫ ýĻһ㲻¥˯ŵףֱӴӿĴ˳ȥ
ʵצ䵽ϣ һҳ
УһĴʱ Ǽⷢ͵ ӯǽͷխǽè
һԾ 䵽ڷ͸ʵĲ ʾεĴĴ⣬Ҳ֪һݶ
һɨȫòѭͣ βȥ͵ػ˻Ρ
С̺˼ѹ 춼û æֵסԼ죬ͷСĵؿ˿˯óӡ
ϵıһһģܹɣ ûյš
С˿
ɲ볳Ρ
˸ǷرѼ˯ ǰȻιʲôרעȥ ʲôûˡ
Сգգۣ צԼ۾ СԴ̽ȥҹ۲죬 ȻʲôҲû֡
֪ҿʱͷһűƵβͣβͼ⹴·һҹһܰĳֻ徲Сӹ
С̺ܿͷȥˣ֪Լ˵ĴıˣС̹ϴ˯ʱϲѴһ㣬ƿ˰צӣ˷ܹӿƣܿ˯ȥ
ļƽҡǰ࣬һֻצϢشӴķ϶ڴ̨һȷûʲôԺ󣬾ݵ強ܺܺõĴխĴ̨ϣһ˫ɫͫĬĬع۲ŴϹһ
Ա߻Сżϸ΢ĺ
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βڵģ΢΢ǰ㣬ԲԲͫ΢У̽÷棬ǰĹİȻƿˣҲһצ⡰ˡϡ
ܶϢʱϲָԭΣҲôĹİ
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ǰԭκȫһںҹﻨһ㲻Ӱ죬Ŀϳĺ룬˵ĺ΢š
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ͫ׷Ŵһ㣬һҶβȴ˵˦˦ȥ䷢ɵĹ˯ԱߵֻСһģһ
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棺
նգ֡
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ԽԽȺòβͱɿ߰ЦһֱӰֻëһβɨøԶˡ


68 
 һ飬ܾ͵ÿλͷ ʲôûУһжĴ
ԼжϣӦõȷڰй۲죬 ͱڡ
ԭεԺϣ ڿֱͷ˿죬ﱧСѩ Сֲ֪Ķȥˡ
ѵú죬 ˿ֱˢ ȫǵĻϸزܿһĻ
ôûë׵ˣ
СѩĴβɨɨְѹźһࡣ
ԲϰһצӴĿӣ ñۣ еź˵û̿Լѽ ôôרע СѩĴβͲ棬Ƕնյëࣿ
˵棬һĺ˵˵
ĻһƬ
ͼάǣ˵Ķԣ
һ㣺ϲˣѽʲôʱµСѽ
ӺһؼҳԷҷӼҵ̶СʹҼҵСӾծģʻ¯컹ü𣿡
ײ⣬ˣ ˣ ǿӰӣӿСѩѽҪף3ޡ
ͷСѩצӣ Сѩ۾ɵԲģ׵ֻצӺߵȥס¶һ϶͵͵
Цˡ
ֱӰһ׵ͷֻëʪıӻ˲䡣
СѩİְԸ񶼱Ƚƫ࣬ƽʱæںܶ飬ʱ棬ǵĶҲǺܾǰˡ
Ȼߣ׺ͲͲʲôֵ£Ȼÿα꣬Сѩǻܺߡ
ֻ֪ůǰְֵĸоȫһǵһ㱻貱ϵëˡ
ڵļҳȫһ̫
СѩϷһȦ¶װĶƤֻצצ΢䣬ŷɫͷСԴһߴ
ȵĸҲСѩĶֲ
СѩצӴͷؽС
ֱķ˿Ǹ˭ܾܾһĶƤĥĥ䣬ëﻹʱʱӵë׵أ
ͼάˣң㣡
ͷһ̵֪ĶƤôԺԡ
ʮǽϲܳá
ٶڡ
ͨɫž޴ĻͻƵѩſڹĵ̺ϣβ;ش࣬ĬĬضǰĻڱ˿ӽǣᵽӽģʽĺô
ѩۣܺĸоúȺһ콻ò١
ֻһֻ±˿ѩĴ󵨵ķ˸ë£ӵаװĶӡ
ĴѩǲƤΣյĶģȻڳ⡣
װһֻԼϣһģ̫ܻܿᱻһҪȣ߽űȥֻӡ
ѾԲˣϧֱСѩֵԵ粨ںûϢţյצӣûҪ
ѾruaؽС
ǽģ۹̫ӡ
ͻСǰά˶ѧĸףʱ̱ŵĹȣϲĳǰ¶Լŵһ档
뿪۹СѩĸһҪ͵û£һ´ӳҲ壬ٿڵСѩ
Сѩӻ۾գһֻצĹסֱۣĶһһ
ΪӦܵǴ
ѩĵţһ߰ںúֱСѩһƣĸСѩȫȫ갴/Ħ
ûһͳ̴ٵؽ
ЪʱÿһĻ
Ϊɷڳλ۹ΨһŮ۱ѩһѵ¶һĨЦݡ
ޣȺѾźˣ
ѩȻںĵ̺ϣ˳Ӧһ
Ъ۾߽һڿֱ
ϲһ֪ģû뵽ֱ޾Ȼôӡ
ôݵڵ̺ϣϷꡣ
ʲôرĵطЪֻ֪Сѩά˶ʱסλļ
ά˶ˣԺƵ
ѩͷҲأ׶ݳһζ˭Ǹˡ
Ъֱ˵ÿ춼Ҫֱһȥά˶࣬ά˶ûʲô°ɡ
ѩβ˦˦û£ҿСӹñĻá
ӣϻܺһѡĬĬŵĴѩЪԻ
ѩ潨ЪҪҪһ𿴿ֱ
ֱ˷ʱ£ЪѾܾûˣɱ˸ĳĳһΪ˱ģѩһ
ЪãСʱ
кܶûдȥ˯ܱ־ȥЩ顣
ĸŸ߸ߵβŮˣգ۱һֻĻʱϽɢ٣ɢſβ͹סѩĴβ˦˦
ѩϻ˵ֱֱģʽ۲ЪķӦѾһĳ谮/ʧһ˲ˬú䷢͵͵ĺ
Ъ֮ǰڹľĽ
ʱΪǴѩںֻצ䵽ʱȻˡ
ͬצ棬֪ôģüӲצ汣ֵ
˵ǵЪְҵɵòʲôֵĶʵɡ
Լʮǰ۹սûнߵľ޷ֳ塣
ܶлˮ㣬ɫشĽ׾ͱȽ϶࣬һʵͻȻǰ̽ԺЪŭѸٹܿʵҺĸˡ
ʵʵģƺƴֵܶ壬һЩ˼ıȣֻһ΢Сʵ顣
Ъܼɵһ˲ֱϰ/ĦʸȥֻβĴѩƨɡ
ѩǡôӣôõֱ֮ǰȥһνӴǸѩ϶Բʲôùʵ塣
ĻЪ˿
ѩ˵ɣǵҽûҪá
Ъؽסһͬ𣿡
ѩܵġľǮԷֻͶҲܸߣѩÿһֱطŶû˵ҵۡ
Ǻ״
˵˾һˡ
ЪŴѩжϣźĿֱҳϵһۡ
ʵʵ˵ֻӵͦϲԷĿǰˣܶԵ۹ûʲôȤ
ź鲢ûдãߣë׵Ĺɢˡ
ֻ޴ëڵϹһѣһҲһŵģһҲûǵ۹ΨĴԾ
ȿֱѾ˯ʱ䣬ЪķԼûƣĸоӡ
ЪԼһеļꡣ
ߴҴңѩĬĬţôQAQ
֪ԼԶڵ۹ķ˿ֱû߼ϤĿŸˡ
û춯СѩƨɣСԼϣ۾·˯ˡ
ҪʲôһֱڸץסˣһŤ;֣


69 
뷨 Ժ˿һ죬ĵֿһֱɶҲɣ ͱűʯô Բͷһߵ
żСѩС̻ĵصһ㡣
ȫ֪ һΣ ûֻë׵βߣͺ
С̺Сѩίίرβ͹һȥ
С̻û ֪ȥĶˡ
뵽ûС̣ ñǵٶһ㡣
С˵ģ֪Լûëƣ ԾԼڣ ʱʱҪˢһ´ڸСԵľǣǰ˼ʱ ϲԼĶƤϵëë
˼ ϲųһŵСģżСβͣ õСݵġ
ţ ʶצӣ˸գ ̧צ㶵ؿһ¡
Щʧ䡣
֪С̺Լע⣬ʹ֪ȥˣ ӦǺҪ飬 ˵ǳȥʱ ˼ˣ Ȼ͸ôż˻л ٻؼң Ժ󶼲ˡ
ϵСӶŰ˺һͻȻ͵˦˦ͷֻצӺϱǰ´ʪСһ۾ʧ䣬˿ͷһ
͵͵ڸϣ͵͵ӵĻĥĥצӣ¶
͵͵۲СӺüˣ֪СӽǴӵ۹Ǳģÿڼֱ̡
ûֻСżΪֻ¶εı飬ȻֻҪֻһͻƨɡ
ȡĸܶ
˵仰ϸһ˼ҲܹСӣСӳûдǱСǾȻѳ
Բģ
˦˦βͣһ£Ҷӻ죬ͬʱʵ顣
Ҳӣ
ǡͷ˳ԼĴצӣһһǽԼһڡ
yue
ԼӲ
ôСӵע⡣
ٲѣһĿ⣬ͷԼΪһֻ죬ҪԲСӷġ
Сӵɨʱ򣬻ʶְԼ˲ء
СֻǿһۣջĿ⡣ң˵ʧ䣬βĴֱ˲Ҷȥ
һü죬ڰ͵֪СѾԼĴڣվȥʶһСӡ
Сôϲ̣԰Сӿһ׶԰֤ÿ춼ëס
˭ܾܾջء
ʲô뵽ˣû뵽Լ⣬һҹԺͻȻڡ
һϣѾ²⵽ԼΪʲô
Ǳ׷ɱ֪Ⱥ˵ĿԼ˺ŴӲӳֱһȺֵֹ׽סһ룬˵Ҫʲôʵ顣
ˣЩһֱ䲻ԭΣֻܱԭΣʱ仹ãʱֻάֻΣԼὥԼһ˵ʵ
֪֮ǰ˺ҽԼѪĹȥ˵ѾֻҪȴ
û뵽ֱڡ
ڶһ磬ײŷڵԱյʱżذץ׼ֱӴȥҽ
һȥ϶һ¾ܻġ
ĵ£ּ״ƨɣݺݵ˵ҪҾ͸Ұ֣ʰ㣡
׵İְʦǵô꣬λʦʱˣſ
̺Ӱ˿һ㡪߸߹ţǶĻ϶ȽУڻ̣Ȼҵġ
ӺԼѡ
׿ǰλôϤĸھӣǣһĨЦݣôˣ𣿡
΢΢һЦСˣ͸һ㡣̧ϵĺӡ
Щ͵׷һ£Ҳ̫ϲ㣬лл
ԣ΢㶣ΪǰҲ㣬ʱ׻ܸˣ˵ϲԡ
Ծ
ֻͷ΢΢һɨë̺һţһʼûǸĶȻһŶһ£һë׵Сβʹ̽һ¡
ҵ𣿡
Цʵ
ֻһͨ⣬ķ΢ˣԱƮ£ʲôܡ
ûʱھߴߴˣʼɣԷ᲻Ѿ˻ݣԲŻסǡ
ɫһ䣬Ӳ˵ǡ
ţֻûô岻𣿡·𿴲ı仯Ȼܺõʵ
ǡ׳ײͷˣŵĲͣΧĺһ
Ȼ֪Ҫʲôһ׼Ķסɫһ׼֡
ΪҪܣֱ۾ҾҪˣ
ƫƧûƫƫһַ־ֺܽǼʾضܿ͵
û뵽ôùװСë̺ȥʵҪǮ
Ȼ¸Լ
˷ӵԻ·𾪵ˡ
˷Ӳûеģ⼸йνӴȻԷٲǲڼңżҲϡ
֮ǰΪҹж
һɹģ˸û̡
Ǽ˵ʺܺãǴྫʢ˵ЩС֢ܿӰ̣һ쵽ʱٵÿ
ӸղſСβϵİߵʲôԱ̡
˵ôô
ԱȼСѩֻ̻᲻ǱʲôҩŻһ
Һû˯ˡ
ࣺ̽Ҳᱨ
ȱ̵֤İȫٱ
ȴʨӴ󿪿ڣЦˣǣΪɵ˵ɣ㵽Ҫ٣ΪʱͿԳû٣Źġ

ֺϤɻһûֳ
Ȼ֪ΪʲôԷôִŵΪǮǿ˳ŶԷ˵һ¡Ųĵؿ
ײĶʶԷղֻǻ֮ƣ˵Ͼ͵ˣԼȻĹ
תܡ
Ȼ
ڼǰ׼λھӵʱ򣬻öԷ϶ǸԭαȽСԣȽʺϽȦȥƿ
ڣײŷԼȻҲп۵һ졣
ٶȾȻ죬һץסļ򣬶İС˹ȥ
һ˲䣬Ѿ뵽͵֣ȻȺץסĲ״ۿˡ
Ҫͨ˵ǰ˳ǵţڹҲһСҲ򲻹
Сˣôû
׾ͻ죬Է£һܽܣ˺һۣứ

˷ô޵ôģ
ڵ˷Ӷôʵ
ض
޺޵ĵ
ü˷ӻˣ
Ļ˷ӣ
ѵֻ͵ģϿ콻ļˣǿ϶ڵ¡
״˿ˣҲ˷ӣ


70 
Сʱ ò׽׺Ժ
ңҵĵܵܡ
治ɫ˵ҰַҪ̥ СӲ̫ϲȥ棬 ⼸ûȽϲڼڿǶˮˡ
Ľоݣ ë̺СҲŬһӣ ˰׵ֱ һ£ְ˰ֱ
Ҳɢˣ סС
һô˼Ҽҳϳ˷ӣ Բ Ūˡ
˼ͷ
Ūɫÿܶ࣬һҲˣû£ 裬 ûдġ
Щʱ ˵ܾһЩ̡
Ǻõġ
룬 ʵҪǣ ҷ㻳̫áǴȥҽԺȥɡ
ǵȻȥҽԺ
ǽԺַϵıһ㣬 ǺԸü
ҵܵܵЩ㡣
ô˵  ղź׶ʵʱ ˵ʲôˣϿǵ𣬺רȥºǵš
ǰһͷɫľ۾ҲɫģЩɰСȸߣԲԲıǼ΢壬üëһ䵽ϵϵʱƲ죬ȴСƨɶա
СûûСΪûͷһڣÿûбҧסü
Сѹӣ׷вصͺʵڼṆ̀вĵͺͱˡ
ءǸСɤ
ûס΢΢һЦ
һȫһûвԵĽܣ˵Ǹǵͷʲô֮ˡ
׵ĸղŵĻһ£ʵΪ𣿡
ǡϾ֮ǰѾУڶɣֱӦ˿ı飬ϷʮĲ˲۽ǣ
ʵǺȥĹ¶Ϊ̫ΣգҴŵܵ͵͵ܳˣҵǣЩһֱڶزء
ҵܵˣҲҴȥҽԺ
Ҳ֪ô졣
۰Ͱ͵س
ǿ֢⣬룬ҿܿ԰æ
ͲΪ֢Ҳֻܽװɵͱ̵Ļһۡ
״ƲصͷȻվҡҡλεĳ߹ȥ
еġһΡ棬Լݵվǰûܴȥ磬û뵽ڱСˣ·ҡҡλΣһû̵С̱ûʲô
⻹ʲô磿
СԱˣҡǰžߴһſϣֻë׵צβƨɺţյģ۸
һſϵı͵´磬ְԼղŵĻ˵һ顣
ôɰ̣ô֢ܿţñֻ꣬ruaһСӡ
һֶ壬뵽˵Ļ۴Сʱôô𣬷ȵĶˡ
֪ѡˣɸֵĵһۣ֪ʲôأ֪˼ܣ²ʧǣ
ڻԸ£ҲѴ׾ãʧǣûУͻʱŻˡ
˵ʲôܰﻨĻ׸лĺģȴûаĻϡ
㻨ǿ֢ⲡҲܽģ֢ǶǼͷ󻼣ƫƫܼһ
ܻһ׶ˡ
ԻΪģöԷҲʲô
ףллˣ鷳ˡ
Сĺ󾱣û£оãûôء
˵ĶģͬʱþСϴɨһȦִ֮ǰСС̺úܶ࣬ܺڵСһ
˴СצӣֻǱʽ̫һСǾʢСܾͱֵء
ױƶĻһ㶣Ϊǿ֢ˡ
ܿ췴Ӧ
ͻ֪϶Ⱥݵ˸һ⣬Ϸֻ̣ײźܻš
ﵢôãҲˣ˱̣ʱûĲʡ
СվСһƨȥ
ŶܴݵĻˣǴ⡣
ﵭš
ֱߵС⣬ǧ㵰⣡
ȥѽˣϲϲԵģ񲻡
ϲ
æܣζûţû飬˵ϲһȫԼĻ
Цеùӣĵֳݣһݵݸһ㣬Ҫ

׳գգۣʧЦллҲˣѾԹˡ
ҲðɣǾҺСˡ
𿴻ƽʱôһǺ˵ģԭλεʱ򣬶׿ˡ
ΪһǵŵųҪѹסȺǵԶڻȻŮһϲƷһ㣬ֻ֪ˡ
װһǧƵСǰ
΢̱ǵζС˸磬ֻҲʶһϲԵӡ
סצӣʵϲ𣿡
Ȼϲԣ
ǧ㰡ǧ㣡
ԺȻӽϼʼ֪кóԵġŴζһ꣬һǷŽ϶ʱ¶ҸµЦݡ
̫æֳ˼ڣССĵܿͱˡ
ûˡȻ㲻ϲԣҡĿ䵽ǷݻûгԵǧϡ
Сһ֪Ůȫó£һûվȣһͷԽ
ףûҪûҪ
Ҳ̫Сˣ޺޵˵
򲻺Ц˳æСС˸Сߣͷ϶մһЩ
ָЦֹ
СѾԼˣޱǵĵ⡣
šĺܺóovo
˲ϵĵ⣬СԵ÷ǳᣬʱ򣬲ͣ̽ͷȥߵĵ⡣
ɾطͼȻԼĺ붼ýﺬţʵġ
ǺܿɰһֻСѽ
ΪСļ˻ڣסԼҪͷԸ
ҲûǣСѩСȻǲһ
СԴιԣÿһڣСͷصСóӡ
ǵĿԽԽȡ
ɲɣλŲ˵ʳ˻Ϊע⣬ЩʱһֱʵʵĴڵżһδɩĹˮذҺѾһʳ˻ˣԼˮˣȻʳ˻Ҳñɩ
Ԫ˧³ţ￴ϷûôͿһ˳ȥ˻
ŶһֻСӡ
СӵԴСӵĺ󾱣ֿСӵƨɡ
ιСӳԵ⣬ϵЦԽԽ΢

Ԫ˧


71 
һֱ ƾԼֱںܶΣ¾֪ԼΪʲôֱһֻСӻᾯ˵ СֲӰԪ˧׷š
Ȼ ָоԪ˧һҲϲǼֻСӣֻѾÿ춼ûʲôɫˣֶһֻ
ֻֿɰëסף
ȫ׺ĮͷͶϵëëЩը ëëģ ɰֱ˰ͷըëëëѹȥ
Ҳȷôˣ֣ ĳ£ѹѹСͷ Ķ䶼ѹſˣ ȵСʱί ׶ʱЦһ
Сצһ£ȴסצӣ ҡҡСҪԹԵѽ
ʲôѽס
׳Ĭһ£̫Сˣһûüȡ
ɣ ֲ˵ϾǰȽ⣬ ܻͲˣ һֱûʱȡһ֡
࣬ ࡣ
ͱѹСضס
Ȼвң΢ЦСͿˡ
СûסЦһ£ͷצСִ˴СԴСͷҧסָϸĥָ⣬﷢صĵͺ
Ǹܿɰѽ
СĵذС׼ֵģһЦ
ǰɣҲá
군⣬״˸Ƿϲģֻŵûϴˣִ˸Ƿ
ôҪȻȥ˯ɣСȷð壬Ժٰӹȥˡ
½ģôһ˵Ǹð취Ȼͬ⡣
Уʱٹɣ鷳ˡ
ûаĻϣӻֱ˻ȥ
СıӰ˸磬һצӰһֱָۣ׵צյģֱһ¶ȵ޻
Ҹ㿴˵ǰǿ֤ҽҲйҽ飬ûζã
þβҲǵһ ˣ·СͷҪôţ⾫ֿȷӦ
̵ľǱȽº͵ģ߰ҲֻԼң˵ûжĹԡǰ̵ֻľ飬Сĵ̽
ɫľ̽СУ̧ͷĹ˹ԼϲϲƵľСֻһº͵ǽӴĵطһӿʵĸоȫ̲סſͷɶģֻצҲסֱ
ŴĴǣµĶԽᡣ
ʣȷǾϵ⡣
СʱֹסɻǸ֢Ǿ⣬Ϊʲôȴûþ赼ֻҪѾˣ֢ļʻή͡
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ҺûǷ룬ÿƼֶƣ滹ʲôƷַѾֹˣ˵Ϊ󲿷ַĲˡ
ܲ𣬵˺壬µľѩϼ˪õǡðѾһ£ֱֶ̫ԾǸԵĸԴ󲿷˲Űȥ
Ҹº͵ģˣæһ¾ͺá
ΪʲôŪôӡ
µСûǸӣһ̯֫ſϣ¶ۺɫ÷档
צ棬ģָ·һࡣ
С۾һֱۣǹ̫ǵ÷Ƥ
ΪһҵǿʱµǵͷӣСǰرQЩ²ͣظ£²ܲˣܶ˶ǺƲͬʱǱزһЩˡ
һκųΪսϰ˱ֱӱˡ
С˱ĸо泩޲ڡ
붯˫ԲıʪĿ﷢ֺõ̽ۺɫġ
ģ·𴫵ݵļϡ
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ͻȻ̣ϵĲȲϵĲʣ޷ԼСģһֱģֱҲ֪ԼʲôǺ
СһӦ
ͺ㾭棬ҸΡ
ļֻ̳С̣Ҫôˣ⻹ǸҲۣǿԽԽõӣ;ԼĶֵõġ
رǻܽµëס
Сһ֪СЦЦȻս˲ë׵գûסҧҧĶ䡣
еСֱ͵ѹôСû׽ˣϸĽ̵ʦӲѣǵҲкֵܶܣȻûһ˶ľٶ
ô
С£§˿ڻƨɣֻЦС֡
С֮ǰû㷴ӦĿУСֻһ̣Ϊ̫ϲ׽ĶƨҲ˼ˡ
ǰ˭ôôƨɣ
ͷҲðҪӰ
СԵҧס쳶˳һڼҧһ
ͷˣ˶٣ͼװ·СӼ룬ƨϲ᲻صؾһ¡
СһܳСŶ
ϲʳСֿǣ⡣
ֱס⣬Цͦ⣬ѽСҧųԡ
УСûסҧһڣ죬ˮЩǣߵĿһɿ֣ĶƤ߽ӣһߺ
նգά˶࣡Сǣ
δ䣬洫ƹॵٵı
ụ̂Ѿ鲻ԽЦСǰ棬Ϊ̫ܵ죬צץסذ壬һ·צڵذϹγһ̶¼ۡ
СѩΪóԾһ·ıһֻ󣬴β͸߸߾ɨĵơ
СĬĬ󣬰𻵵ĵذ޲ãߵʱóһȵëСˣ֡
ллСߡӹë֣͸СצӡҲ֪СȥĶƤˣЩطŵϸҶ
ѵôСѾ츳ܹȥˡ
Լ뷨ЦˣС̫СˣǸԺԺᲱ̫ȥ
Сת˼ȦȻһͷСȷ϶䣬һԴǰƨں棬βͲͣҡţͷͷ濴ͿµĴŰߵβ͡
Сһ㶣ʶȥ˿СѩСѩͶԱߣǳõϰߵɫβɵرѹƨɵ¡
Сѩôͷߵβͣ
С̺һ֪СѩһۣСѩΪԼ棬ƨƨܹȥԴסС̵Դò׼СԴּ˻ȥ
Сżת˺üȦǲͼĵǸʲộ
ǳȥھС𣿣ôּһֻ̻
С
С̼վֻǰצסĿȣΪ̫֣еѾͷίίؿ
ô̻ߣΪʲôҪôడ
ᵽʱֻССΪʲôӲǱӣ۾۾ˡ
ӣ᲻ùϲë׵ĻĴֻܲë׳
С̱ǼһڶݺݵضƼ¶ԲŰߵСƨɡ


72 
СУ ̼ұ̽ë׵СԴúС̶ߣСһ룬 طͺ
С˶βͣƵģ Сǰ˻Ρ
СʶȥβͣСβˣ СƵͷת
ƼС̴ģСûлɶԷһǳޱڣϾôҲˡ
֪ôǱȡġ
ʱҲ½ڵɡ
˲һгʱ ǲԸȥ˼̫ණģֻ뱻ţ ȫȫİţ¶Էкܶë׵̣ еõһȻ
ʵ֤ Ӳ£ȷǻġ
СڵС̣ û뵽ǰǰǰ֮
ˡ
С̺ϲСС̱࣬ ͷףСܸǡ
С·е߲ȣ䲻 ӦСģ ⶣС̺СѩչС
СȻͬ⣬ СѩҲܺСԱ رǶԷϺԼŵƵİߵ㣬ûסСһ¡
ע⵽СƲСƵĿ⣬Сѩʱʶ뵽˵۹λ׸ȥֻѩ
äоѩ࣬Żͦġ
˵۹С̫ҲСѩ֪᲻ֻһСҡҡλε߹ȥֱ˵СѩϣйƵҧҧβ͡
ֻѩǳᣬСһģҧһҧ
С̼Ȼһ۸ԼСܣȥСȲҧСѩеΪںԼ棬СѩҲƵҧȥС̲ûһƨסСѩڵؿһҲᣬŵСͷëըˣһѹӢ
СЦһ
ֻ̻Ĺһš
ԱЦеĿ˻ᣬ֮ĻȵԼ
ֻСëŹһţżƮһֲɫëڰƮƮסڵϼЩһרŵĺȫЩЩë׵ëëܹˣëձ
һֻС̣һֻСѩһֻСֶ̣һֻС
ǰëС̺ϲëʱǴģС״úܶˣëҲˣǺСѩֵʱ򳶵ġ
רŲ£ڵеë׵ĵëڶǲʱεģڴ켴ٵǰµһڣëԺѸٳƯëȡڴ˵ʱ򣬵õδµ
СǻСëڲΪҰ£Կûô׼ʱ
ûϵŶ򼸼ܾͺˡ˻û⣬˼ƬԺܵԺţȽϺãͦϲɹ̫ġ
Сಽظ󣬵͹ԹԵĿӱϣ
СԻʱҲֵúͻ˲࣬ԶԼĿ⡣Ϊ뿴ϲֱ㶵ĶҲ֪ƿߡ
ϰߣҲûñðְС߱ͺͺͷ΢Ĵдģô
С߱ڻ֪ôģȻżֻëϵĳ˵ǳ̣ڻ
СߣСˣܱ𣿡
һҪ֮࣬ʵ㲻Ѿһ𣿡
С߰˰֣ϸֳևı飬ǰԼ뷨˵ˣС룬СԭαСߡ
ȫûѽ
СߵСԴֱӱԭΣС§øһ㣬СҲĿƽȵ
ССˣΪʲôҵĿʼѽ
ûģڵӦǴԴĻе࣬ãΪṩá
һ飬ǳֻҪ
Լ֪Ǹо;ԼҲ
צĿڣϸ£װѽ
СЩģǰɣ
ûʲôرĸо
ɻĿ
סߣСĸûʲô̫ĸоûʲôͬ
С˵á
ʲôʵСΪһˣȴÿζкܶ˼룬̫С߳дĶС߸һŶѧϰǿС̽
û·ʲôãҲʴ
СΪܸоСһĸоá
ĻϵСЦۣѻС˱øһ㣬رϲĶͷ
һֱڲԶй۲
ǰɣͷ˶ô˵ˣԪ˧ǸƵߡ
˵鳡һôԪ˧
СǸ˺üڣֱǻʵ۲̫༱
̳ܲԪ˧Ƿģ
˶ˣԪ˧㵽ﰡΪʲô
û궼ˣ·ɹ˰ģֱͦͦһҲС߱˻״̬ɻһ
⻨ôôȱˮϲŽһɣôֿˡ
Լ̫ΣΣֻȥȥӶ˰ɡ
ʱҪϴ
ԥһǾιȥ̾˿Ȼһˮܡ
С߿ȥ
СߣҾȽҪ
ллСߣһ£ҪСǸûëֱСëëˡ
Ϊ̫ѽ
ˮܣˮ£ȤǳֱӴֱ
ӵϢʾķ˿Ǵӿ룬ܶ˻ûı⣬ˢϼˮըǽ
ǿСӵͣ׷һ㶣һӺ󣬵Ļֿʼˡ
ͼάǲǻȱñѽÿɰ໣
ӺһؼҳԷģǷˣΪʲôСˮҲôɰ
ɯ״ţû裡Ҳôã
ֻϵΪûˮϵëҫԵһëšë򡱻һֻצӣסһɫˮܣˮߣ䵽ԶĲ˵һֱֱͦͦܳĻ档

ÿʼˣҺûö
һ㣺г𣡹
һֻǣʲôʱֵĻ
е찡еorz 
⣺λʵ濴ĻǿԴˮ¿仨ʵòѿ޵ĻɫֵȾգеĻϲ֮顣
ͼάžžžţѧδţ
⣺Сһ
ӺһؼҳԷҪ𣿣Ȼϲûôˮû
ĻĻشǵɻ󣺡⻨һҲ֪ʲôƷ֣ǴЩĹ۲仨ÿ춼ҪˮҽϲŽˮҪˮˡ
ϣһκȸɬ
ֱһĻĶǣ
ŶÿŶЦ
̰˿ŵĴЦԭôϲˮôĶѣǾȻһֱûз֣ǿѾð
Ҳһǵģ»ػȥӾذɣӾضа֤ȸ
ֵ£ҲȺƬкϰ԰ԵˣԭλԭǼģεҲ׳е㺩
ͷٺһ֪ҾȥҼˡ
һȫǺ򣬹һҲȲ⡣
ƽͷάɶҲЦˣͱ̰˿һԺǽΪҪڶٶˮ⡣
Ƕά˹û˵רעضֱСӣ΢΢ע⵽ı飬㣬̰˿Сĵش˸ƣճ鴤۽͵͵Ԫ˧˼Ƭ
Ƕά˹ͷҲûأ䵭ɾˡ
̰˿ʼ磬ʵʵɾˡ
Ŀǰİžʲô𡣡Ƕά˹ֱó˵仰
˵Ȼʲô⣬Ƕά˹ĵͷ׼ҸطרעؿȻ̰˿ȻʵԪ˧һ⡣
Ƕά˹΢ǳƽˣʲô
̰˿ǿÿ춼Сӵֱ𣿡
Ƕά˹һۣûԱ仯ֱû¸𣿡
̰˿֣У
Ƕά˹뿪
ԣֱܻȥֳΪʲôҪֱ
ֲʲôˡ
ϵЦݽֱؼҿСϵЦݽʧ


73 
ˮܣ С˳ֳֿĺ֫СԴظĥĥ䣬 ֻ¶һСƨɣһ߸״Ƶķص
ܳС̺Сѩһ֪Ŀ⣬Сüнβͣ СѩڿСĶԺֱһԾ ԴƵԽСһjioȵСԲСƨϡ
Сʱһ̴ٵĽ
Сѩɲᣬ æСѩĽơ
СѩĴβȦסԼСԱͷ˳ Ȼȥһͷ棬 ŵС͵һŤͷ¶ ôСѩҧ
ѧϰԵ츳ͳ嶯ڲҪﾺֳ嶯츳ȻǵѪҺС
֪зִ磬װûֻŤŤȥëף ӻڵ۰ͰͿŵСҲ
Сӻֻëˡ
һһë࣬شһѣСβëš
ͬҲë׵СӵͷרעĿǣ൱ڿͬ˲ӽģʽĹǡ
³һֱ·ˡ
Ϊ鲻ã 뿴Щܵģ ⲫֱɢһķͲˬ
йһַʽ Թעע˼ϲ Ȼ⼸춼ûп Ŀ䵽һиǵϣüȥ˿
Ҳûûж̬
³ϲѾʧ˿һˣٷĽˡһ¶ûã˵أ³˿ңֱӵ㿪ֱҳÿ񵥵ǰ
˺üϲͣˬ£ԽԽ꣬ͿʼڵĻ²ۡ
ͷ±ܲе⣿ÿοЩݣ˺𣡡
ͷ±ֻܲе⣬һпöˣ
ûЩķ˿³Ͻ˳ֱ䣬˷˽һһԭɶӡ
ȥ֪ˣҲһ˵ֶΣˡֱԣռĳ
ȥһ¾ǷһĻ
ͷ±óҪôŪã
˿
Ϊ˿̵̫࣬ѾܾûгˣԵ쳣ԡ
ͼάλ±ôˣΪɶˣ
һ㣺׼ȥģ澹Ȼ롭λ±û°ɡ
⣺⡭ѵΪ˲ŪֶΣ̵Ķô𣿡
ȫһΪֱԣľɿȥһֱģʽѡȥֱĹֱӽģʽէ˲֪ô¡
ë׾Ҫһ˼ԽϲСԽáɿʵôġ
Ҳȷúܶ˲Ѿҵ˹ۿֱȷʽõ飬ķ˿ÿ춼ˢˢǡ
Ϊôǵϻ죬³򲢲֪Ƿֱֲƽ̨ϵĺˡ
ûһڲӽģʽ£Сӽ£ֱë׵ӡ
Ҳкܶ˶ɻĸˣΪʲôԺϵëëô̵ëһצӲȽȥ·ƶ
³ǰʲôҲΪСͷͼԼĶ棬ů͵ëûκβʣֻϴŵʪζȻ䣬³ΪԼںߡ
ʵֵ
ô³ûͱ˿ôһʱӿ߷ߵȻĴȫûа취רע˼ô죬ڷԼСӰøԺ󣬸оԼó̾һ
³򣺡
С̾һԼҲȷС̾һƵʶࡣ
ж˰ɡ
³Ҫ˳ֱ侲һ£ôû취Լоķǳãָ᲻̧
ΪʼСˡ
˵צ䵽ϣͻ氤Щ뱻ѹסˣģ㱵ʱͷ
СܿɰСӣǵھӡ
ԭֻССǲ̫һ㣬ǡĺú
鷳³ƽ·һӣͱǼᵽζһģһİֺܶࡣ
Ҳ֪ҪʲôΪʲôô̡
³Ժţѵ׶԰ʦ𣬹ֲã˵Щһ̫ˡ
Ҳܿɰ
ܳ
³ԼףΪʲô˽һˡ
ôɰôʦܻ׶԰飬ҲԸùϵȻԼҺ͹ȥӰ
һʲôˣ۾ܣϻλðЦݡ
ССϣ۾ˣ΢ţŷɫϸ̵ͷצ鲻Խķֱϣһȶʹֻİ棬ɫӽ͸ָ¶ȴΪ̫ſצ档
·ൽ۽ǣ۾һдĲλСôֵطʶצӹסֱۡ
û޴ŵСצӣ۽ǰ࣬ȵצڷŵСۿϣ۾ȫסˡ
һƬڰ³ԼӦܵţȻķΧ̫ʣκνģ·ȵ棬һǳǳĺ磬΢Ϣ
þöûôĸëˣ仰˵ֱķ˿Ҳܾûеõˡ
һʱ䣬ֱȫרעӵĳ谮ĻҲûˣֱļ˷·Ǽٵġ
ֻᵽָо˲˵ףǲԸκһӵķÿαӰԺ󣬺ܶ˿Լľúܶࡣ
ë׹Ȼûдģ
ë׹գ
³֪Լָо´˶ãֱһѡ
³ʲôüˣ
ΪŲò˳ֱ³ԭƬ̣ƫͷһ֪
Ŀ⿴üͷһǰ˵ǵм㣡
³һɤۿסݺݵصһۣʱϵıֱ÷ǳº͡
òȥһµݣԷʲô
ݽΪѡǵ⡣
Ǽ˾ϰͱ֪Ϸ˿мˣΪҲ֪ŪңЩ˻ʲôˣ
ҾҪˣȫȫûнȦӵ֣Ϊ˾˵ģЩôͲ
³ҽ𣿣
³ղſСӣס飬˵Ҿÿֱƽ̨ҡ
üֱƽ̨ȺûɣҪαദģҲĸܹʤΡ
³Ҳֻһ䣬ʵǲãɴ಻˵ˡ
ͻȻ뵽ôɰӣ¶ڴǰһһ¡
»ٿɡ
޲ʧ
ߣСruaģȻѪ㽫һ㣬Ѽһ顣
ǶնգСά˶࣬ǡ
ɻգգۣͻȻһֻɫС׻
ֻëףǴģ


74 
ͼά׻Сʵʵ˵ ֻǴĶģҲҪȥ
ӺһؼҳԷȥ̣1
⣺ȥ̣2
һ㣺ѽһûʲôϢȥ̣ ȥӰĻǲˣ Ҳ𣡣ʾJPG 
ɯ״ţǸ⣡ֱһԲۡ
󣺳飡
Ļû˻ֻ׻̵  ߳µһ̫飬ûʲôֵþȵġ
һֱ˵̣Ҳǵ٩Ӷ࣬ ˭ЩȫǼѽֻ˵ʶ˱Ƚ϶ࡣ
ܻǴУĻ ѩС̣ȻûʲôƷ֣Ǽʵ׶֮һ㲻Сٲÿʿ棬֪ѪҲֻܴС׻
˿ǱʾѾǼˣ ױŵ
ǵĵʵеܵţûбֳ֮С׻
ͼάɶС׻Ȼһ㱧ruaֻruaһˬɺٺٺ٣
п˵ Լֻ֪ǴĶܻģ ھ;ֻǲǱ˼ҵ߶˵ģ ˵żѰҡ
ôһ룬 صֱС׻ȥˡ
С׻̷ֻ·֪ʲô߹Ϊ̫ûбĽ·ͬͬһΣʶЦˣס죬۾Цûˡ
С׻
˶ԼϵëС׻ȻǾ˼ԺűģϲëģɰģûҪȽݣһϲ
ʱԼֻë׵̬ȹ۲ģֻҪкܶëһ㡣
кܶ壬СվС׻
ëȻȽ϶ָ̣Ӧúܲ
һϲġ
ƶ
С׻ܿܵ±ߣ˳ӵĺ֫ȥֱһƨͷϣһŲסСѩͷСֿ
ﲻмһƲ졣
һֻСѣԱϲκӣСֻС
ôһ룬С׻ҲС̣ˣ⼸ֻëϣһ
ӡ
׻ӦôеİɣСؿһۡ
С׻ŻͷԵģԲСԴʹţż̧ͷĵؿһۣȻһӣѾССβʹϣΪòϾعš
ʵϤ
ϲβ͹̷СĪΪϲƵԣС̾βȦϡ
żŻôһΣС̿ˣᱻ
ССȻ̶ɲС̳ɹİռ
ҵϤУȻһμС̵ʱ򣬶ԷͬαװܾԺ󱻷˲űԭΣֻС׻
̽ë׵Ķ䣬Сǣ
С׻ӦƵָ۾
µҪʲô°ͣܿɰ
ʲôֿƯڰеͷֱԺʡ
õĴ𰸣С׻ۿɼĸЦ۾ʱֵЦݣ̧ͷ˻СԴ
ϲͺˣС׻ˣֿ»رʲô
ô˵ñʸУǳҪ
̧צӲȵëëŨܵظ䣬°ͺա
Ϊ¶΢΢˫ۣС׻Ǽⷢһߣצƨɵ²ֵֻѹȥ
λÿͬͬ⡣
֪뷨ͷһμС׻СĪС׻צͷ̧΢ж򣬶ᱻͷֻצӸȥ
˹ˡ
ڵ̶С鶼ôѺ
ҪСһֻֻֻ̣ö˵һҺǣС׼ᣬС׻צӵӳˡ
һعԱߣʱҡҡλΣ˦˦ͷûֻζʮС׻ȳǸ¶¶
С׻һĹȥСĵһͷԵϣС׻ĵһš
Сܴ裡
һǵͷӣȻһֻëû̲ȵ¾ˣˣֱһţ̷Ӧ½Ҳ̻ɣ
СֱӳС׻˹ȥնԼˡ
ĺ󾱣εذסС׻Ǳˡ
ֻ׻̰Сû֣ô˵۾ֱˣűҪ
סԼСԹԵġ
ǼëŵĺζӦþԺʣСǼ΢ߺˡ
¶ƨɶԼС׻ҲвƵ¶ߵļûջȥ㱻ס°ͣצҲסߵļ˻Ρ
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С׻סצãֱצŪʪģϽצӳ˳ˮˮצӳһ塣
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Ժ᲻֪ϰ
Щǵš
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żһСƨɻ߲һβ͡
С
ɹǳˣƽϡ
뷨Сֻë׶ʱͺͿԼҵƤСһ˶СӰһº
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С̣أ
㵽ʲô
û˵˿ڶбãҲ̫˰ɣ
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Сۿ
ǸȥĴƭӣ
СѵһΣΪȥЦһ£Ӱŵϣ˳ѺúõСѩҲȥ
Сѩڶµģ׵ζʶ˵ĴȽ϶࣬ʹС̺е㲻һ벻̫࣬ͺС
Сȥǿ˵Ƕ仨Ա˺ôһӡ
Χһе
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ΪǶά˹ΪţʶԪ˧ر𷽷ȻΪ̵һС
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Ķ
С׻βɨСһ£Сǡ
С׻ҡβͻλСԴ֪ǲʲôģ谮̾ô޿֡
ë
С׻С΢΢ֿ졣


75 
ƫƧСԺ ֻɫСצýģһˮܣСĴֵָˮ߻գ 䵽˵һСˮӡ
СΧתһȦ תȥһɫģεĵñӣ ˿ӣеʥ˵ñӣ˻׹˸ССİ
ллСߣʲôʱѽ
ÿȥлһģ ֻмˣ С߲һȥġ
ǰ Ҳûּñӡ
С߱žͷ ñԺʱʱצצһ£ҡҡͷ ë׵İһΣ ۾רעģ ϲĿԼ
Сϲ𣿡
֪С͸Լ ۾ЦûˣϲллСߣ
Сߣ ʱһڡ
С߶ʱסԼԴ ˫޴ڹͷ˼£ ϸֳɫĺΣ ״һ
ЦСߺ
Сݡ
һĻ ֱķ˿Ƕĵ٩
һ㣺С̫ɰ˰ȣҼҵĻֻӪҺӪҺúQAQ 
ɯ״ţڲȥ˰ɹͦõģҪǼӸѣλʦƸңʾJPG 
ͼά¥Ϻƣӵϵʽôõ𣡣룡JPG 
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˵ȥƳԤ棬еһͼˣǵչ˼̣ʦصڳмһֳ򣬻˻գڵʱɼʱҲ͡
Ƴ˵ʱ򣬻һرЦ£һλ˵Ϊʧܣ̫󣬱˲ɼǳܵĸһ׷ֿ֡
桤ˡǡ
Ϊֲƹ㣬ǽõĻˡ
ԿӵֱôãҲ˺öС߲̫˵Ϊ˿һҲ֣Ϊά˻˵ǣֱӰһͨˡ
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һеΪ趨ĳģó˵Ķ˻̫
ɾЩ򣬻˾ֻһѶѡ
ֻǴֱҵĻˣܶ˲Ϊ⣬ʲôԣС߳ϦദΪǼʵĻ˶
Ƕά˹ʲôȻǺ⣬ҲͲȥ
С̵̿ܵˣѾԻȥ׶԰ˡ
С˿֪ԼܻܵǴֻϲС׻ԶԶģյԼ÷棬żȥë÷ӵ
û˳Цߵ̶ࡣ
Сûȫܽȥڴ͵͵濴ʱߣ·ܾСһš
ЦЦ໳С׻С׻̵ͷһë
ǰڵϣȺһӡ
ĺ̡ˮµʱ򣬳Ҳͬëһλûпǣëַõĺ̡Ⱥܻӭĺ̡
չȥֻ̡飬ǣָԷëë
С׻һҲظëëֻ̡пСƨɡ
С׻ܾһ㣬峯ǰһӶϣֻצӰϣԹպָףֻʣצ棬ѧ̸ǵģ˳ʱȦʱȦ
ˮˮԶͣˮַŵһߣͷרעС׻Сķ̡
ĸоǲһ
֮ǰֻ̼ҲйĴ㣬Ȼǵļ̫أҪ̣һ㻹ǻԼԼࡣ
ڻС׻֣ͷһθܵʣԼŻλҵ׼Ҳǡô
ӣߵ̾ͷ֣Ѿ۾ͷ¶ġ̶̵ĲͷñΪĶɫСڰлλơ
ֻצӰҵķС׻ϣʶ
ССѩͣĶרעؿСѩΪСȥ˵һȦϻմ˵ڷѾ˼ƺŪɾȴͣ¶ֻĥĥ䡣
ءءһ߻ƵؽС
ɤСѩУصϧ
̲סȥһһСƤ
ϧΨһˬУãҪ
С׻ûиᣬٳǰ˼Լѹ°ϣסߣͬʱסĶˣֻצСѩͷˣֻ˶䡣
ûеõԤеĳ谮СѩĵسС׻ͺС׻βСԴ
ΪʲôֻС׻βôо
ײ֪նСѩСҲ̫Ѻˡ
ǰС̾СѩҲֻǱԹһ£ǿ׳ͬȨģԺһҪһ㣬ôοһԼСѩûʲôԹԵɵһȥˡ
̫С˼СѩСС׻ƨɣ¶¶ŻƵβʹϣҲ嶼ϣŨܵëСһֻצӲطϣʶſֺ£צɵΪȻǽ䲻˵ġ
ܵƵߣС׻Ϊɴֻȥ
һ룬ë׹ȻǸľ
ûʲôǱǹ˵ûκ壬ֻҪܵõٶһĳ谮
ĵΪҲ塣
С׻°ֻͣצæͣôĲֱֻһڷ˿
ֱС׻ӽǣ鵽ëףruaë׵ĿС
ͼάСŬڵ㣡ְֵ°ҸͿˣ
⣺[ͼ][ͼ][ͼ]
⣺׹գ̫ϵͣ
ǰС̣С̷·ȱ˸Ժû̫Ȥ¡ruaƤȥ档
Ž֮裡
ķ˿ʧˣҼ̣౧ףҲᵽֱӵĸо
СֱӱԹˣֱֻʾھͷڵ̵ĲӽģʽС̾ϣͷĲԷ˿һҲѡˡ
ܶ˿룬ҪСҲһֻë׾ͺˣǸӵľºȵҲ̫ˣ
ڣ·ǵרһֻ˳̶axС׻
˿ϸοŻͷԵС׻
ţСһǰ;
ٿԱߣһ֪С̣˿ޱ飬ˡ
С̣
˺ôһӣŷûнˮˣǾý˰ɣţһɻؿԼ仨ԱٳĿӡ
˵仨ô߰ҲСֱͦͦţӦҲǳԱôˣܰԼԽȥˣû仨ĸ
СɻΧŻתһȦСβ;ѹͣ䷢ͺȻ
˲룬һjioȽԼٵĿų졣


76 
С׻⳯С̵ķһۣ ֱͦͦŵʳ˻ջԼղȥĸװʲôû
ȻԽС̻ǰ۹۱Ǳǹġ
Ҫֻһ㣬 ͻᷢһͨĻˡԱ˵ֲбȽԵṆ̀ ԼֱӰθܵ
ÿ϶ôܳȥģ ҪǱһֻСӷˣԷ˵ã¶¶ˡ
Ҳû뵽ôɾ ô⣬ Ӷôġ
С̳˼Ժ ӣ ҲϢһһѼС׻ Խ ֧֧ᣬ ίίӡ
צϣϻЩ رֻǰצطŵϣ С׻ûüֹ ӡӡ üһ
࣬ ͷƵƨɣ ôŪôࡣ
צӡ
СֱﹰֻԼղŵĻɸˡ
˵Ƕ仨е֣һ
ʲôʲôе֣
֪СǸͿֻΪ˻С̷ȥ˺ü飬εķֻ̫ˣ֮ǰˮЩ඼ˮ
ЦõruaһС̵СƤ
ȥվǱ߶ȥ
С̲ԣڻȣߡ
ûȣ˵źƤϰקΣǰĿյϡ
С׻ͷ
СȥС̣ھȻ˰׻̣ôôأûëëģ𣿣
ȥС׻Լ
ȻС׻սһأû֣ȷ̣һŰС̲ȵ¡
Сʹ̵ľҲͷð̣һצС׻ץӵģ²ٵӡ
ôģһ̶ֻˡ
ðȣֻһϴ
סԱߵˮܣ׼Ǳߣ˸ڣֻΪǻȥʱͻȻһͷ
ë׶̫ϲϴ衣
еĴ̾С̡
ȥˮʱ䣬ʱСһˮͷ·Ҫëһ
ͷлβɤҲɳơ
رͷһС±Ƶʱ򣬾Ͳҽһ
ǵڸ͵һΪʲôæĵع۲ڵ׷ʲô¡
ʵʲôҲû
ֻǸСϴѣ
֪Ǹϴ裬СҲҶ㣬ûϴɾϲϴ˯ϲϴ̬һҪûϹ޶ԣֻ˸ԣݵĽţίˡ
ԱߵС׻ֻɶɶУװԵһ
С׻Ȼϴ裬Ϊһߣϲˮĸо
ڱëҲһġ
̹ȻС׻ͲҽеС̳ĶԱȡ
ֱĹڴЦֹ
ͼάͼ˹СӣСʱϴԼ
ɯ״ţô˲ϲϴ裡ϴ
ӺһؼҳԷǣСʱϴ裬ûͺҲϴ裬ԭϴǲܵģԶҲܵġ
ë˵ȫɵëʪһƵϣܷ̲סˮ˦
ҳ֮ϵëֻǿɣʵָдֲڵҪ֡
ֻë׻ϲϴۡ
СʱجξͲҪˣֱ׳
СҪڱ̣Ųԭһ
ϧھһֻûϴȨֻ̣ܱˮ͸͸ģֻˮ
ˮºͣС׻ſܣβеĴŵ棬Ⱦòˣվ˶ӣˮĽ˳ҪһС̡
С̲֪ΪʲôԼֱС׻ΧתһȦʱӣë׵Բ¶ı顣
ˮԴһζÿԡ¶ϴϴʹɣһֻըëİɫӡ
С׻ϵζСҧ
ֻ֪̻ôۣЩС֮ԴףǶԱע⣬ЩΪ̫
̸ֻðӹС͹Ĵ̸ֻϽ
С׻мƳСһۣܵߣСȶ̣ΪëʪˣһֻƶӣľϲС
С׻С磬ȷĴС׻ϵëëȽ϶̣ܺôСҲˣС׻ϲѾɵĵطֲʪġ
С׻ֱۣߵһ
С̵СԴСѵնգһ㡣
ԣС׻Сһۡ
ֱ俴һĻĹǡ
ӺһؼҳԷϲնգõ˵ƴһٽ
ɯ״ţҲ̫ˡֻе㶫
⣺ţܾΪе죡
գСС׻ͣޣ~ĹȻǾԪ˧Ϊǳ˭Ԫ˧ϲô
ǻô졣
ȻǼװ֪Ȼҡźˡ
ֱͦϣͷɵŤ˵Ķȫһۣ·˼ʲô¡
ʵϣǵķеڰˡ
ΪǶڿֱ
Щ죬Ѿȫ˹ۿӵֱȷҲŵʱǾͼֱڡ
ֱõԪ˧ӽǣǺŵĴȷ粻̣ҲȴĪĴֻۣ۾ͷȣȵָ⴩ë˵ëëһ㣬ָ
аζŨأ̲סǻһ㣬²ë׵ӣ˵̸ꡣ
ͷָ£Ūǵļ̲סһҲ˷Զѵ
ǲ˵е㣬еʵҲһ̶ֳϵ㣬˹˺ǵļɻɾ޴˺
ճô󣬾ûôİԼһط˵ԭΡ
ֱֻͨһ£Ѿʼ˼ԭܵȥĿˣһ뵽Ԫ˧òź
Ҳһúܲ˼ĵطǿֱˣԪ˧Ȼô̹Ȼñ㣬ͬΪ࣬ոоԼߴ类˺ü¡
ʱ򶼻̲סҪ˳ֱ䣬ӾԪ˧ȴҲûһ£
һţһǷʲô˵һ㣬̲סһ
rua̼Ǵģʼֻ̱¶װĶƤССѩ۲Ҳˡ
С̫Ϥżβ͸ʱ򣬻᲻Сİһ¡
Ҳûʹ۶һ
ˣֱĹҲˡ
ǿлӽǣС׻ʱǾѡС׻ӽǣСʱǾͺԥС׻ѡСӽǡ
ر֤Լʱʱ̶̿ܵ
ҲһģȻǶһ£ȻӵһϢ
ǸСүǶжˣҪ


77 
ɼҵλү ҲߵĵڶֻСࡪĪɡ
ǺǶά˹ԺǶά˹µĵһǰмලλĪϵĶ
ΪǺԥȥִǶά˹ Ȼ˽»ǻɻλĪΪʲôԪ˧ע⡣
ֻ֪λүǰԪ˧һѧУġ
ɻûֱĴڣ ղŻȻ
ԭǼල飩С
Īһûж ҽԺͼأһߵ ûʧ֮ǰһھȻ˶
ĸֱƽͷάɶüʵǵųˣ ˵ηǱӡ
ǰʱ˰ѻԪ˧ʧٵϢϣ ˵£Ѿкܶ˻Ԫ˧ǲĲˣ ȻΪʲôôҲԸ¶棬ѵĻҲûвμӡ
ԺԺֳ˵һЩǶǵĻڽͣʵ©ٳ ˵ѾԪ˧ķ˿ѰԪ˧ˡ
άɶӦȰЩҪϢԪ˧ڡҪϼ
̰˿ȴЦһάɶ㲻ĪǼҲС£ȸԪ˧Ҳᵢµġ
άɶ˵ҲǸƺ« ˵ĻѾˣ ֻǺɻ Ϊʲô̰˿ôƶһ׵Ҳûзԡ
ţļģһͷտãı飬Щ̣ѵԪ˧ϲ
֪
άɶ㲻øǿ£֪
պһۣϣ˵үסһʱ䡣
ô˵ϻάɶü˵
գɶҲ֪
նˣϽĪ׼ǵϢԪ˧
ǱûϢԪ˧ߣû鿴Ϣձʾȫ⡣
Ƕά˹ȷûտϢֱûãǾͳˣСҲ鷳
һӣ־ֻ̺С߳ȥԺóԵġ
ȥϲڰ˵һǵߣסǿϵĵطڵϿܻǺܷ㣬ҺڵĿƼܷһĽͨߣʮӾͿԵ
רŸϷĿṩȵ·ѡͨɫºͻɫ㣬ĻɨǵϢʱָͬɫͯװһᣬֻϣСߣһӣʱ˺Щ˵Ŀ⡣
С׻βͲס󣬲˵Ŀ⡣
С̸ɵƵģͷͷߡ
СѩСҲ밤ȻС׻߼˸һѾˡ
СѩαϣֻצֻȵϣֻϸϸαϣЩָױõ˳
̫ΣգСѩĻ˷ԱڶյϣԱָһԱߵľʾơ
ֹ
Сѩſ
СȻҲ۲ô̻ڣϴƵߵԲϹԹ£СƵһ˵
㿴Ӷԣ
ʱСС׻ô͸ɫ۾һܾöԷҫ
ע⵽Ŀ⣬С׻̧ͷЦһ£΢۾΢У°͡
ڿ˵һע⣬°ͱʪģС׻°ͣСױ֡
Ϊ˲˷С׻С̻С̣ϻزСĽ֣ԺͽСˡ
֪СΪʲôȻС׻˼һһԲͨͬѼһԻ˺ð죬֪С׻鲻á
鲻þֱӱ壬е
鸴ӣֻС׻ȡ˸֣µԺС׻ֲˣٱһʱȡ
˰ɣΪȡϰ
־һ°ɣС׻ˣһ¡
С׻˵꣬ſϥϣ°ͣͷϵС̹ҵģЦĶ䡣
֪ΪʲôܴС׻Ķ￴㲻һĸо
ǣС׻ʲôء
ɫһûмĶݵµӦڵģͼƬһ̶ģһĶ
ɫʱɫɫɫеɫǳɫϵ
ЩɫСɽһϲƷһͻá
̶ƷĽܶãһƷ
Ʋ˾ͽƷ
Ʒʱ֪һҲûпţƷ˰׸ߣ˿Ҹ
ֲһƷȴܳΪƲˡ
˷Աӣ˰ˮеϵĳӣȳӻһһζ
˷Ա˵ʲôСߣɫۿ
˽ʲô˵û䣬˷Աò˵ףò졫Ȼתˡ
Сת˵ղڸҽͣͰΪֻ̡
ˮˣֻҪ̵Ŀˣϰ嶼һ㣬ֻһ˰
ˮͷС￴ġ
С߰æʢʱȸ˸ָϰĸҳ˺ܶ仨
ӺͲഥ죬С߸һɫģһɫġ
һͽͣƹڸеһֶȹҪһЩ˽滹ŸֹɣŲ壬ɫĳҪһ㣬ɫָĿڸС
ȥƷͳˡ
Щδ
ԱߵС̰Դۿ˿µͣҲԼģӲͷ˸ɾ
סСѾøɾˣζԺͷСؽš
ЦãУôҵӡ
Ҫȥñ˵ӣɾʪıǼ⡣
С̱һ£һξͶ㿪ҲܳԵˣ׼Ϸ
С׻ԹһһֱۣעСһצָָƷ
СҲѽһ¡
ԽԼιС׻ģû뵽СˣֻܰûõǸùһɫĺɫġ
һιС׻С׻һһڳԵ
ԱߵС̿۾ˡ
תһȦʵûסһ
ԱĿ˹۲ֵļܾͥˣС̽У̲סЦˣʵãЩСɰ𣿡
Цеˣѽܿɰɡ
λһλŰȹȹױϸСԲŮһͷɫĳһһ˵ᡣ
ŮСЦʵ˵Ҳܿɰһλ˿ܲϲôԼ
Ůֻ̡ܿ
ѽôɵ
ŮԼʧһ¾˵ȥɢĵλ磬̾˿С̣Ȼһ˵ҵı˺ӣֻ̳ܺò࣡
Ƕ
ѽ
Ů˸ͷһЦѪܴġ
˵䣬С̽Ųˣɵõĵʵնգôˣ


78 
ôˣ
Ҫˣ
С̱Ƕŵģ ֻǾе죬ûж롣
ֱعͷ ǸŮʲô ŵֱƵģ ԼԴצš
һĬ
ǧҪϳң
С̴û뵽Ȼôá
˵ ôͻȻˣ С̺Ȼ뵽һ
òҲ˰ɡ
뵽Լʧôã ߵʱ Ϊ̫ Ҳûͼ˵һ ÿ¶Ҫ绰ġ
ô͹ȥһ𣿣
õˣ£
뵽ǰȥǺͼ˵ Ů˫ӣС̱СԴ ɪɪ
Ů ҲС̵ıٿ ֹ ֻôͷСģǸһģӿ̳һ
İɡ
٣ں
˼ǰɣ Ҳ һͦʵģǵһ
С첻µز£ ׵С̶ȥǣӡ
ԲǺߣǼʲôµˣµò
ǵͬʱ еЦ
ɴѻС׻һߣ תС̱ СԴؽԼһСƨɡ
º͵ϢסС̣С̻
䣬ٵ̸⼸ֻȥˣһҲûиĹע
ۣ㾹ȻСѩҿԱһ
ά˶࣬ԸĻͿ
һЦȹܹ׵СѩԱߣСά˶࣬ý㱧һºòѽ
Сѩûôİˣصѩ׵ָףһ
ٵȻҲẉ̂Ǳ־룬һ顣
Сѩʶͷͷֻצٵġ
סԼҪеĳ嶯Ҳë׵СצӣСĵذСѩٸоԼˡ
ɰٿ
СѩĻСһߵĶ
ЦһСѩ뵽Ĵʶһ顣
СһǰҲû˵ôĻôСӾôأɰ𣿣
ٸպ뵽ܵܣһֻ׵Ķһ쵽ҾͲģƵʿȳ˵ķڣСС;Ժ󳤴˿϶ǵڶ硣
ʵСѩҰɣҡͷ²˵ҺòңҼҵܵܣҲ̣𣬺һ̫ˣ
ʱ޲ð
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رǱ֢Ӱ̣ƲԼΪΪộֻЩ඼˽͸͸ġ
СҲп֢¶ͬ񣬡ԵģкӶп֢Ҳأϲң
ҪǼСʲ⽨ӵǮûС
ֻ֪СҲп֢ٿ񶼴Ȱ˺ܶࡣ
С̣Ҫٷݣ²Ͼ͸Լһ͵ȥӾ
ҿˡ
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Ŀ⣬ٻͷһɻͷͷ˵Ǹȥһ¡
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ҲֻҪ˸ϵʽȻ뿪ˡ
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Һֱ꣬Ҳûʲôⷢ
Сͷһڵת˺üȦȻϰͷ·Ӯһʤ̡
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еɰˡ
С׻ֳûҲ죬ʲô͸ʲôֻҪιģС׻߲ܡ
ʳС̵Ȼϲ̲סһֱι
С׻СôһֱͣιҲûбŵļ
ͻȻ죬һơ
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С׻̧̧ʾһ㣬ι
˼Ĭһ£ͻ¿ӣС׻ɻĿУͷһ¡
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С׻С̵ʱ򣬺öζףʲôط׹ˡ
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С׻ӽţָҧĥţɫҶһָ
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С׻ѾһֻûƤӹ֣ø߳Ӽɻĳ谮̶ʰ·硣
һΪԪ˧ԾûС
ûлɹһ㣬Ϊ̶ء
С̿һǵĻٿԼǰе߰Ĳӣ˼һ¡
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ŵСͱСչŵСѩ
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СС̽ͷ׾ԲһͷüСԲ
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Ըѣ˭ܳԵúܺÿ
С̺ȻԼβһʹ
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С¶Ƶس濴ȥ
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79 
λŮʿһ꣬ Ǽ磬Ÿղ꣬һ㿴 ǸĴˡ
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¿Ĺƨɣ Ҳû˵ʲô ˾䣺ҵĺɰ
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80 
Ϸʱ С˰ģʪСҲţ Ըĺһ
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81 
û뵽 뿪죬ղŻߵëģڣͷըëСʨǴģ
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ңǰ͸ һǺһģǲͬ һܵġ
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̫Уǵķ˿Ҳͷһο͸һϷȴôĶѣЩ˾ͲǺˬ
鸴ǰɣԸŶ࣬ҲԸܳȥæ㲹ǹҲð
֨ҽУeǺϲΪ
ŭĺ⣬ǲ̫ðɣҲóսģһ㣬£˸ԺҲú˼ദˡ
һ㣺ЩˣϷ˭ĺҲɵģ˭
ıǼҲ찡ǻַأզ֪

ĻԹԵĶʯͷ档
ΪԼս˸ǷߺȻһ
۲쵽лˮΪֽңϷ֡
ӦԼߺȻˣǹҲΪûбȣ䵽ϣһƵ
գգۣһֱצצٵͷһĶӣĺ֫ڲݵϡ
ͷԭΡ
ձסǹȻ㾯ĻͷͻȻֵҶӼ롣
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Сӣ


83 
ͻȻˣ ղŻڵĻϳһƬһ
һ㣺еˣ
ξǿôôùǱ賳ˣºˣѵ˳ˣ ô죡һʹ򲻹
֨ҽУҪҪֲ̫˲ǰɣ Ϊʲôôù
жױͲмֻע⵽ôͻȻһöˣϷ趨ÿɰ
ͼάӵԭΰ ϷˮᱻжȻϵͳǿұԭΣս
ͼάôɰӣϵͳûģ
⣺ԭսȻ Ӳǣ
ôģҲ ҪǱ֪ԼѾһ޸֮ 㱻ӣҲ֪Ǹÿ޻ǸЦ
ȷǹôĺֻ̡һС
ǴԽֵʵң ϲϷ ϷҲкܶ࣬ ԽģҲϲģ ϲÿ춼档
˽Ϸʱ䣬 µһʱ½Ϸ Ϸͼܱסˣ ڱԵһЩ䵥ͼȦˣ ѡ˸ɭƽ
Ǹط࣬ Ŀȷ ѡ·ȥ ·ֽ˲ˣڣǰƽʱʱ˷ܵĹâ
ͻȻһϸ΢Ķ
΢ͷһƫ£¶һĨóѵЦݡ
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ԭսȻϵͳͷҲǳͷֻǼҸõϷ
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һҪúõôģ
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ͼάֱһ㲻֪ͷʺСѡ
֨ҽУҸղŻڽУôսͽˣۻWTF
ӺһؼҳԷ˭뵽ҸղŻʵеĵӣôӣһᱻſޡۡ
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ĬĬǽֱ䡣


84 
ʣһֱΪŮͻȻͳһʲôĸо
ܾû˻ش⣬ Ȼõ˴ǶǵĻظ
һ¥Ѿʼˡ
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¥Ϊ֮ǰ˵ĻӵǸţ
¥ʲôôˣǰ漸¥һƭˣ
¥Ǻô
¥ûҪɣ ӻһĿɰѽ ֵǽǣװˣ ӿʼ齱ˣ
¥ʲô齱ˣȥˣǣ

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Ҳͦɻġ
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֪ruaһѡ
Ҳ̫ԩˡ
² Ǻƣ ù䵽Ǹӣ žһ󳤴֣뷢ȥʱͻȻһ˵Ļش
ӡ
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֪϶ɺϣǰۿˡ
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µ𽥿ʼ鼤ҵ
һǿҵԤиӣܾܿǸӣ
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һ̣ޱңҺֱƽ̨ҪÿԼԭ档
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˯Ҳ˯ˣƽʱҲ٣ÿα׿С׻ɻúߡ
ǰԼĮͳı顣
Ȼڵ·𻵵ĳҪ̲סݵľٶ
ҲôȻ
ẦߣǱ˳ģΪİסĿ׶һеķô
мȷţⲻһΡ
С׻һŻ̯ϣ۷۵ͷסһϸָͣŪ﷢ʵĹøöȥĥǰ¶òһĺ
ָ䵽棬ᣬȶʡ
С׻Ҳˡ
Էһǳ齱ˡ
С׻ǿ۰סҪκθղͷκģҲ
Цһ
𶯣Ҹ
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ڶ
һ㡢ᡢࡢӺһؼҳԷա
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ֻҪճ鵽ˣͿȥ
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ʵС׻ߴţ϶Ѽ̵ֻڼ϶ǻᱻϵġ
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Ƕά˹ȥ
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85 
ǣ ֻ÷ԺھУƱĹвٵĹϵ ̸·һĪɡ
ǰÿݳǰȶվһߣ ȴϳ
ڣ ȷ·һרעֻῪʼͨڣʹڵһţҲû䵽̨ϣĬĬضǰˮ Բ
һȦſĢĸȣﻹһСٵ ӨɫĹâԾ
Ÿʲô þˡԹһ䣬 Ǹһ̨ʲôæҵģһָܰҿ㡣
˵˺Щ۾ͣƮߵˡ
ȶǰˮã ɳƵ˵һ䣺ȥߡ
⻰ðüͷһ
а ֻҾȥԱߵ͹԰ɢ
ڨЦ
תͷĬĶ
һӶûס۾һţ Ϊѵ磬ⲻ벻ȥⰡ˸ȥ
ؿ
ӣϻظҲ˵Լȥߣ˿ʵǲãšһžͲСĲȵʺؼһЬٳţʮǾͽӵ˾ֵĵ绰ȲСĵ԰ȥˣ·˱˵ɱгƨľ켱ؿžѸ߽˳ϵˣԽӲܷˡ
ǴλǰȥѸȽӻġ
ȱͲãʧȥУֱƱˮ죬ѾǳŲȹʺˡ
ҲǸȵһҪȥˣеĳȥ߿ɲȥĹ԰תתҪȥС
ȣ˵ط
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ΪֻӣԴ¶ױȵ츳ȱϯÿһֻᡣ
Դгţʤֻṫûʱֻ㱻ɷŭķ˿ơ
ȴۡ
һβϳʱҲԼУͲǵһˡ
;һ֣ʧȥиվȥ
Űñѹסɫͷ΢΢סԵɫ
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͡
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һѲӵſſһϣŵú΢צҲţָ춼ſˣë׵һ롣
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Сһ£ԼҵŰϡ
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ڰ廢ֻȻ
ֻǵģ


86 
ϵıӹԲ һƽĺһһԱ߻һСİСѩĺٶȿܶ࣬ ӱԵ¶ëɵĴβͣһֻצ΢䣬ӵֱѹţצϵļˣ ʹ̵ζ ûѹ
ڰһֻһֻĬĬӣС׻ĬĶУСʶԼһֻʲô̱Ȼһֶô޴Ϊ
ɵ㶵ǣ
Сǻ˸ ׼ȥ
Ϊһèˣ ССĴض˵ڻ£ ɾͿȥ
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Сޱ߼ʵţû⣬һ룬û䵽ϣ ǰʲôһСĿĵؾͻһ粽δ䵽ԭϡ
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С׻ȴû׷һ٣һͷԽβԼһµλϵ˵㣬ίίĲ
֪Ƿʲôìܣ֪ƫĳֻ̣ĳЩаȻС׻̲סԼ
С׻°ͣӵĵطС׻﷢ʵĹβĴţҪ̲ס¶԰˯ԱߵСѩһβͳȥ
ôСĴϣֻһֻӺһֻС׻͹ˣ̶Ƕģ
С׻쬵ĳ˻ûѹСѩһۡ
ܵĪĺ䣬ûо˵Сѩķһһruaߣʼղܿ
ֱۣŷԼͷһֻצӡ
С׻һȵͼСѩԷʱ⣬ܵԷӵȣﲻмЦ±Ӿͱ뿿ӡ
ûвֻ֮΢գС׻ϴ̲󵽣һ㶼С׻ġ
С׻һС׻Ҳһֱ׵ģʱѵ̣ϲԼ
˵ȻԵõע⡣
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ЦСԴ
Сѩѵģ֮ǰΪԭ˯þߴˣ˯ֱһֻǰСѩճСѩ
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ƿĿ⣬׺ݵСʨֱԼϵı鱣˼룬ͷĳ
ֻгԱˣܡ


87 
СʨΪԼĿڲصúܺáΪһУѧ ֮ǰѾһӵ оӻǵų֦
ȻɽԺĲ޲ߣҪи˾ҩʱڽģ Ѿֻڴˡ
һʼЩϰߣ ˾˸ɼҵүߣҵԼİ취
ѷԸԼ׾˾ˣһ·ĪԵƫƧ
һɫֽǹ 󲿷ֱˮѩǣ Щˮϲ߶ȼ١
ѷϲԭʨӿ̫Ѻˡ
Ѻþˣ һ ĪͰѼǲɢֱ߽һƬҪǨĵط
Ȼ˼һӣԼܲӰˡ
ôһ·Īû׹˵ʲôҵİ취ҲǼٵģ ʧ֮࣬ѷûȥ ߡ
طǶһҲȥ
Ĭĳ緹岹СʨӶţϢذԼٲ
Һüֻһɵĳˣ ֻͱԼһ̸ǲΪ塣
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ʲôطȥᱻ֪ÿһĻ˴ס
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ȻǸϲë׵̣˸жĴôãĪû취ܶԷԶеĮ̬ȡ
ͻȻһʹĪͷСʨصűϲһţܿë׵¶һĨƵЦݣ⵽ĪĴСʨ붼ûܵߡ
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Īһףϴ˵Σܺӵļҳ
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ܲˣСʨۿɼˡ
ȴΪʲôһ죬ȥĪôˡ
Ī°ͣӦǻеûаȫУ㲻õģа취
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ĪСѬаȫС˵ţֳ˿ȡöԷȫòеëë档
ѹϸëͷǳͬĻ


88 
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Ī֪̣޿֡
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СʨͷһϥϣԲĪ ԳĪ ĪСΣҲ̰СʨӿԺġ
ʹ̵ľ˰죬ҲûĪƳȥ㡣
СʨҪڳ̶̣³ˡ
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Īͷֲ˲֣Ŀ䵽Сʨϡ
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Сʨצ˼£Сʨ𽥷ӦҲĪ˼£ڸۣĪ쬵ضһۡ
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ΪʲôԼ̵ʱ򣬸ĸһruaԺһ¶
ǰǰڱʧĴͷĶҲڰһһ̵ģһͷİëסͶ䣬Ϊ̫ʱûдëڶͷǰƣϵһԶ䡣
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ֻɿ֣С׻޹ؿֻǰצ°棬֫쿪ѰװĶƤȫ¶

С׻գգۣأ
˳ģС׻ذ񵽻̶Ƥϡ
ãһ̾Ϣ

С׻צӷϸסƫͷֻͶ˸С
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԰ȫ˽˹׶԰԰Ǻҵģ˶ܻ⣬԰úǺܶͥĵһѡ
ƫƫҲһ԰Ī˵ӣ൱ѧ
ʲô׼ˣĪôģҲþܾɡС׻Сʨӻá
ҪߵĻС϶ǲܸߵģСѩҲҪʹǡ
ôһ룬пűɹ̫СѩСѩҲߴþˣֻֻסˡ
һң̾Ҫһ롣
ϰ߱ëûһ뵽Ǹĳ棬;Ĳᡣ
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Ƿֿѣ뵽ǸĶ̫õˣЩν룬ôſȥҽ


89 
С£ 뵽ѾԼҲһµСѩϢѰҵ߶Է
ܿظ
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˵Լ뷨 ǱֱӷƵ
žĹ˫ֳڹ̨ϣɻ󣺡ΪʲôҪң
Сǿȥ԰ˡѻС׻˵࣬ ⸽ûУ ûĵط
ǳˣط̫С档

Сѩ飺ҪߵĻСѩӦòһɡ֪Ƕӳææ
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Ҫң Сѩȷøһ
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һڴӦ ˼һᣬʵСǲҲҪ£ĻֻС׻ˣ
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̰֣С׻ӦǴ磬СѩǶԳ̬ܵܵȣͷҲ档
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ҪС׻СѩˣͻڵĽͨܿ죬ﵽ¼ңĪ˵һһСʱ
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̫Զˣһۣһͺܺá
ߴˣͻ֪ʾһ鷳լ̡޷ǱҪŶô
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һԲɴӣɣԺϤˣͿᵽǵ¡
ǸڣߵСʵŭβһֱߣצָҲס׵·
۵ģʿɶֹ
СǱȥղҲˣҪңԲҪߡ
Ϊʲô˵ȫԺһȥ
׿֪ʲô·ſתˣֻǵ̵˰һӶߵ𣿡
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90 
ҪҲ ͻȥɡ˫ֻأƳ
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ǵóľټȻҲóѰˣ ɱ˶ǰģͿĳˣڱ̣һôߣ ϶ǻʲôġ
뵽˺ĳ棬 Сͫһϸߡ
侲ˣ׷Լץõ·ۼˣ·
û Сյ߽ݣԾϿ޴ĵƣ Լųһţ Աա
Ժ ڴֵһ
µӣСټᶨҪȥָúСһܣСڱ̣ ЩǱ̾ͻʧġ
һͨͨĴˣһܴùʱΪ̵С
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СѬѽһֻ̹Сʨ֡
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СѩҲܹĸصԭôһֻĪȤ
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ʱС׻ϣѹһûƨɣˡ
С׻ͷһһأ챧һԭ;ͲС׻ԭС̣϶ܿһ㳤ĺۼ
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С׻βȦסĲϲֲ䡣ռõλõСѩһɵԾ̨ϣŵ˼վڵϵСȥ
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ûζļԵĳ̵ֻëë
Сѩʵһβű߲ȥż̧ͷ㶢С׻ƨɣ۾תתȥ֪ڴʲô⡣
һŹǣһ࣬мཷ㣬С߼򵥵һ࣬򵥣֤Եñġ
ζԶԶĴȥԱյС˶ӣʶӣҲ죬һ룬ԼȲ˶þҪֿСʱյſ
ϾҪֿˣѲɻҪһٷɡ
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û취
ζһڱǼղţСŵرסͷ´Ƶȥȥ£ԺһһԷˡ
Сһֱά⸱̵ģҲʶģĿԺ˵Ҫ˵һã⻰˵ò޵
仰Сˡ
ͻȻӵ˳ͷһţɿ׵ĴܳȥԺǿûᲱôߣشǰС׻һԷ
С̲סҧסɰͰͻ֦ߣ¼ƬҶɽɰΣ¹ͷҲҶӡ
Ǻòҡ
·ߣ߿һۣСæԼ
ǰСѩҡҡͷŲ죬㣬Ǳ߷û֣ǸСѩιһ졣
ӲСѩ³뵽ιģֻŴҵҧ˼ȥ

ף
һأع񣬷СѩһֻצϣβڰҡҡλΣԼƨ棬ڴؿ
뵽ʲôݵСԴľظ̡
һԳŹǵС׻ʲôҲ֪Сѩ¶ĪЦݡ
緹һ꣬屻˰졣
һרűСѩſȥ


91 
һģ ܾˣЦ绹£ ұϻȥͲˡ
û£ԺʱҲԡĻסԼСѩСѩʶʲô ֻצӵָף Ĺס·
״Цά˶ǲ᲻ˡ
Сѩݺݵصһۣһ صذԼСԴԽı䣬ֻǰצؼȥ ֻ¶ԲСƨɡ
βǰɨɨȥ ץסβͼ⣬ ɣβųһβ͸
СѩؽС
СѩĺƤڿգСѩֻצץס ֻצӵָҲ棬βͦñֱ ҵĽ
ά˶࣬Ұ塣˶Сѩɾ Сѩֻצȫ
ץס֫ڰػţϵͷͼҧһ֡
ḻСѩƨɣЦСûĵģ֮ǰҼƭƭȣھͲˡ
ʲôʱ߰Сѩûа̧ͷ
СѩԼţؿţĻصܽҪߣʰúܿģ˷Ѻܶʱ䡣
ǵˣҰѵַ㣬Ժʱά˶档
һӦ£˼䣬ϵĹ𶯼£̧һӳһȥˣԺ
ʱά˶չˣԺһ棡
õģ㣡
ǣӻ֣µСѩѾ׷ʲôνʪ۾ĬĬﰧĽš
ά˶࣬ԺѽСԴ
ǵʵ°ɣ
СӶȻͺˣԺϵСѩֻצһ𣬳ݰݵơ
Ҳǻ֡
Ǻܿ뿪ֻ·һԶԶСڵ㣬˻Сʨֻ߳űȥһ߿Сѩ뿪ķ
ʲôʱҪֻܰС׻Ҳһ߾ͺˡĬĬš
֪ǲǿ͸ĻС׻ӱ˹Сʨˣȴû취㿪С׻ϺݺݵزһţС׻˳ļϣèƵĸͷ䵽ӡ
ûҪģԺĻɣɣôruaƤôruaƤ
С׻Թԡ
°ͣ룬ά˶СԺ󶼲ˣСǺСѬ᲻ùµ
СѬãСȴǺСѩС˺һʱˣ֮ǰС뿪Сòƾ͵͵ܳȥӦĶ͵͵ȥˡ
Сѩˡ
˼°̻ͣǷǳбҪġ
뵽Ժɰ̣״˵̾˿Ҫ׬ǮԺ˲ѽ
СѩһߣʰĶСڣʰþԼȴûӡĶˡ
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һͷĹżҡҡͷȥϸȥֹͷϷһȦɫϸߣ˵ҧͷ
С߲Ǻؿһۣϻȥ԰ʱģնҧˡ

һ˵ҲˣĲżǶնҪģһ˯ʱţסС˯Ŀˮĥ
רŸĥĥɲã˺ֲϲ˼ΪˣĲż»ٶһ
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ĶĵڣַһϢ
ʲôʱʱ䣿Զٷ
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ŶҺҰѵַ㣬˵ǻܽѽ
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ҲԽύһ¡
ôʱ򣬱ﴫƹॵ죬ۣͷŲڣְ̧ıӴӴӽȥֻһ
ų극Ұ㣡
ôͺͶϲˣ˸ӣСڵ뵽ǰһҵĳ棬ͷ۵
Ƕֻаֱ۳ʱɰ
΢һ㶼ˡ
Ҳ֪ôܸôʱġ
ƿ˹˹ȥ
ߣʰһѶѾˣߣȻĪڽһ绰֮󣬺ż顣
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ҲǣӦװֻҲȥСվſڴ
֣Сߣұȥ
СߣҲһȥ𣿡
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ȻûУС۾ģͷһαֵôһˡ
СˣߣҵȻȥǡС߰Ƶϣǻ֡
㻹ʲôûҪǵ㰡סʵ
СЦЦû£߰ɡ
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΢ػζһ£ںƲС̧ͷ˻ŸղǹѾˡ
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Բߵ׸ڷ飬ڵڶһָֻʣһͺͺԺӺһӵʱ׾ֱӱСˡ
Ȼ֪ʲôһҹ֮䷿ӵĻҶûһԺᲱˣҲ̫ˣ
׸ûǰ룬Ͼ˭ңһֱӶߡ
ȻҲ֪С߹ȻԼ˵ģܿͿżõķ׷ˣһ·һСʱŵʱڵ¼ҡ
Ͼŵ㣬֮ǰѾһƬ߶ڵ¼ң¼ҴҵٵģϾŵ㣬滹кܶ档
һ˲û˵ע⣬ǰѶ£СԶЩźãʰöͰԼһڼģ
ĪϲҲ¶һĨЦ⡣
ԺסŰɣھ԰ҪѧˣԴֻȥ


92 
ûü˵лл Ī뿪ˣ˵Ǹкܽ飬µ Ŀ뿪Ժغһɵǳɫɳϡ
СǼذڼСǰʱʱָһ
СʨȲȥẠ̇ ڼ֮ȥ ֮ǰֻ䷿һ䷿Īռˣô෿䣬ڿɳſ˯ˣ
ԭµ ûпǹһ˯Ŀԡ
ʨЩҵģӶ֪Լʲô Ժⲻ׷Ī ʲô ѵ˯һþҪ
СʨӺܿ쿴ߵķ䣬д̨ſɹ̫ȥӾأ㼫ˡ
ô С׻СԴҲȥѡһѽ
ǣ С׻ܲһֱ˯ʱϲżҳ΢һ̾ͻ뿪ȥ̽Ѱͷ
֮ҪԼ˽˿ռˡ
Īסʱ Īרᵽ㣬Ҳ۵ȷǵķ׼ò޻
С׻ĺ󾱴ƤëָȵĴ˲ϼѡ
ĻС׻ģ̧ͷצӰѹ£ͷԵײײֱۣһ
ССһ㡣
ô˻
һӾЦˣС׻߾ڰУС׻ػλβͣβ͹סڲĥĥ䣬˸Ƿ
ȻǾ͵Ժһ˯ʱȥѡɣһ죬ǵǰŶСƵģĶ˵
С׻צϣ۰Ͱ͵˼ڡ
ѡ˴һ䷿ƿ̨ţͿԿ԰棬С׻վǶ԰̡ܶ
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ЩǴ̣Ҫǰһ챨Ӧþٰᡣ
Ҿ˵Щ̺ҪСǴһ㡣
װȥѵĪվߣ춼ûֱɣ컻»ҪҪһ£
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㣡
ĵ״һ߰Ļ侲ţĪȥԼķ䡣
С׻ԭθһ¼ҵĴ
ִ
ϵӱצצȥϵëëѹһЩŹţϰצӱסͷצͷ˴꣬Ƶ۾ϣİѹţ굽һһֻ̣צС׻ߡ
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С׻ʲôΨÿԼҪܻԥһ¡
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С׻
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ֻë׶ֶȻĳЩʱﵽ˵һ¡
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ķôŶ
ڶ죬Īֻȥ԰Ȼܻӭ˺ö̵ļҳЩҳΪ˰ҵ̣ɰ̬Լ·һƬë׵ĺӾ
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֪жʽ걧С׻СʨڳϣĪһЩĪСʱȤ¡
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Ī±ӡ
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Сʱ򣿡
һ£ϾǼˣСʱûбɺֻ̡ܿ軳˯ɹ̫С̡ûʲôҲûʲô䣬ľԺ̡ʱһӳǸԺ̡أкһ󶼶ŶںƯ
ҵȺԺǵͺùܶˡ
˵Ȼû԰ϣҵ̻ҺܶණҲᡣ
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ĪɻסԼҪ׷ʵĳ嶯ָ
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ϲǶά˹СѬɹѡˣ̵ͯԺǹͬػ 
Ϣʵʱģûյ֪ͨļҳҲʲô뿪һӿտܶࡣ
ûһ԰ĸˣһλɫһλŮʦǽӽעѧϰҪȵȡ
һнѾ㣬;ǻ԰һ԰רΪṩӪ͡

ͷ
ֱ̻԰ĸ뿪ֻ԰Ҫӻʱ򣬼ҳܽš
ſʼС̣ȻǴû뿪ĸߵģʶĸҪ뿪Ժ󣬺ܶ뿪ʶС飬ۿ׹ӣһŸĸӵؽлš
һֻС̰ԼųӵؿİְżæŵıԭΣһİӱϱһֻСӣСӾŰְӲӲëëӡ
ܶһʼûûʶ̣СҲҰְ谲ο
һʱ䣬ȫǵԭΣվûĪԵüҫۡ
һǺܽĽؿĬĬצצֻ̡
ȻԹ̶Ǳ˼ҵġ
䵽ϵĿԽԽ࣬ӣҪҲԭΰɡ
ĪֹͿһֻſڵϡ
ӰְֱϵСӺĿ·һ㣬ĺһţ䵽ϡ
һ룬
ףӣ


93 
ʱԲͨ ϲķʽһģ׾ֱܷ档
С·ЧĵǷ׷̽ͷ ΪʲôСôġ
һƲˡ
޵ҲǽԼļҳ֮һСèԸر󣬳ŵڣ ˲ʱ ʱ򶼶ﲻβҲĲš
ڵģСèܿܲᱻ԰ѡС
޵µȻϣСè԰飬 Ͼһ˾סڸ԰Զһ㡣
ҺСèɹͨ˲ԣ ޵һͬʱ ֿʼͷۡ
СèԸ һ²̫ù̻ûϣСèѾɪɪĬĬˡ
Ҷͺ̣ԽԽ࣬Сèһܺҧ·ҳģ
޵Сèû취 ֻܿϸغţû£ һְϾͻ㣬ǻȥϲɿò
οûãСèצŴµ Ŀ·ҪԼİĵط
޵ۣҲûȥ۲ΧֱСȩ̀ͷһϲ
Сˣ
Сè෽޵ѰĿ⿴ȥǵʱһ١
СèӵؽлһСצӳ˳ְӲӲëë޵Ҳź߹ȥ֪Ǹطŵëʲôˡ
˾Ȼδһ㣬ֻӴ
һֱµСèӾƲ۾ˣù޵ߵ̫żظһСë޵۵ͷٵ飬æ̴Ǳȥ
òԶٶȺܿ͹ȥˣֻӻмʱȲСèù޵¶׵顣
Сè뿪˹޵µĻĵ˰С
޵ŵȥСèȴصſֱֱġĿ׼ȷӵĻԱ߻һֻС׻ǰСèµľС׻̣ھȻֻǶ˶תС׻Լëë
޵죬֪Լô졣
ͬкܶ࣬һѾۼʮָֻ̣СëǷ׷׶Լ֣ӵӵҲȡ
ҶǶһֻܵסҸķգͬĳҲǵһˣæһ˲ĸǸĿУһȺСëŶ³һ顣
û뵽԰ӵģС׻СʨֻüһһκСëԽԽֱֻ࣬Ҳһѣֲ˭˭ˡ
ĲǼֻ̣һֻȫɫֻжʻɫСèסСԴϸëɵβͱƨ棬ֻСצӰסֱۣĿȷ䴦ͷԽȥ
Сèһ·ôģද׾̣·ܵ裬ҲԽԽ졣
ֱʱԼˣԺķӦڿ϶Ѿӵˡ
ӣ
Ȼڰְֻһ򱶣
ë׵ʱͷȻһֻƣȺۼĹ޵һæҪֹ
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޵ֹۼֻӵצצѾ䵽СèͷҪƵľıۡ
ҪСͷǼë
²Ǻһܽˣ죡
Сè޽׼޵¶ס䣬Σȴָûǹɴ̶Ŀ޽
һʼͷʱСèʶſҪ޺ĳϲСèָмõëëÿαס۳Է죬ʶȥͷǼ೤ľɫëǳСèѾ߱˻ڷԼͺԺ˭͸˭
ҲĶˡ
ɴĴèְֲûзԼСèΪԭŲһϧộôͲأ
Ȼڣ䵽ͷצצǰЩ³Ĵȫһ˺ü˵Сèʶıۡ
ûиܹצ棡
СèĿǰݵУдˣԭεëëӲָ׺ܷצҲʵһʯ塣
ӡֻСצ棬СǾһԷצצӡ
СȲ᲻أӵצ棬ΪûĺͼɣҲ̫õ顣
СèΪҶӵģ
ȫе̵ģ

Ϊʲô̵Ĵôô
СèﲻԼĸо˼£Уֻǰצֱۣצצ½ӴĴҲޱģСèֻצȻʶèƵĲצ
СèͲһֻ䣬ԲĢ
㶵ģȣƨɺβͣСèŤһŤԷϲϸ΢ĴںںôߣСèֻġ
ԭҲ󣬵СèСڶëϸСĻһ˲ؽַ·ʲôȤƵģҲˣ˱һëëܿʪģĵСèһֻըѹӢָг
Сèŵ䣬̲סȥ̡
֪ڱruaԺ󣬷׷һӵϣûëӵ˳У˵ȫڸʲôˣ˵ǵüֻ̡
ĳһͳһװ԰ĹԱһضǸ
ְ
Ȼûڿޣǰһ죬̶ڷֱǲģָһСʱѧ
ȷʵ⣬Ȼûܿѧǰĳȫһˡ
Ƿ˷ܵĽҲûаԼĸĸҪҪ׼ߣһѣۿѾѳһСɽ⡣
ǵڸʲôϷ𣿡иԱֹ
̨˵ŮĬĬǸϸֳһĨɻûйעǶëףĿ䵽µֻϡ
ôе죿
ߵûĻһ飺ʲô
ҲλӵһͷľŮû˵ʻͷϸϸ˼һûĶôһֻӡ
ô̵һֻӣӡ󣬵벻
ԴۣǷﻹ˾
ϢظڶҳƣȻȥˣѧٽ̻ؼңҳǰͲãûмӣֻʣǶӣԱվŵĪ
̧̣ͷվԼǰЦ棬˵ʣҪһְ𣿡

һͣ˼
Ц԰ʦҪһǲų⡣
ҵ԰ôˣû׽ˡ
˫ŹĹâòֿƵʵʣһ𣿡


94 
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96 
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Сʨ߷ûȥСèôˣҪȥСԴСʨҡͷҲ˦һֻ֣צϲȥ
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λˤ̧ͷ¶һþ˵עĿɫ


98 
Ա˵ֵУ Ҳһ˲λǺÿġȻָоһ뱻ıѪƻһɶ
ĬĬͳֽ ˽ӹֽѱѪɾˣʵ㻹𣿡
ȰѵڵϵñӼմ˻ңüͷһ壬 ѸռñӽԱߵͰ档
תش⣬ еĮòллֽһá
Ѫѣ 뵽Լղˤˣʵϴ衣
û£ ΢΢Цһ£ ƹߣ ˳ĪϢԼȻؼˡ
СʨӺȻֻצӷŵϣӣԴԽļһ
ղǸΪŹֵ˹ȻСʨس죬 ¶Լݡ
ڱˣҪĺȥҧˣ ˺ҲǲСġ
Įؿֻצһۣһûϡ
һ·ѼֲиſСʨӰػһ߷Ų Աߵ˵Ҳסڿ𣿡
Լķӣȵͷ
ЦˣҲ˷ӡ
û˵ֻͷ
²Ӧǲϲİ˽̸ıȽǿҲûٶʲôֻ̻ؼҡ
ŵʱ򣬲ŷ֣λúܺÿסǸԺӡ
ķмûкʵĸֻһդһƺһΪΪھӵĻžǵͷ̧ͷĹϵˡ
̣ھӴùϵǺбҪģֳλͷŽȥ
Ҳ˶࿴ۣСĻûˣվߣеķ겻ƽ
ҲԺûסˣھӦҲ
ΪİƽǶһۣŽԼķӡ
ܵǸ˵ζһֱ˸ڣСʨӸձŵϣͲסȥӡ
С׻·ѴˣתһŰߵſڡ
Сʨӱ͵ϮתȥҧֻС׻Ϳˣ
κƱһС׻ضĹ׼һ߹ȥСʨΪ˶㿪һֻԼײʲôǰһֹ๾¥ݹȦ
ǰ¥ֻмףСʨԲ䵽ݵſš
ԼĲݵϣСʨӲ׸ղС׻ΪʲôҪԭԴӴǸСų
С׻֪ô˵ŻֱӶš
ȻС׻ҲôˣСʨӳС滹Լɫĵطһ
ҪҪһȥڿǸ˵ģ

ûжС׻·ûĽСʨڲݵĥĥצӣһԼܹȥˡ
ȥˣֻϺأ·߲˼ս϶ôţСʨһֻ̻ϲϲĴդȥˡ
Ѿܵ¥̨ſŵС׻΢Աߵʳ˻˴ΨƬҶ̽ͷ̽Ե̨¿˿Ϸ˵Ԫ˧ͷСʨӹȥˡ
С׻βͣʾԼ֪ˡ
Աߴ˻ᣬûסʵԪ˧ʲôʱܻȥѾάԭκһˣÿֻҹ˯Ųܳȥ䣬ʵǲǻȥġ
һԼҪôˡ
Ƕά˹û˵ֻƫͷһۣ˲˼
뿴ֵȻҲֻǶά˹ֻ˵ֿԡ
ϴ˸̨ϵĻɴģмҪлģ
֣ǰǻúõͷλԴ˿ϵˮεſϵС׻ϣС׻ת°ϵļˮøɾ
ͷϵĵ̹ģ̧С׻°ͣ죬˳°һӣС׻ɵһżֻӺ䷢๾˻˯
˸Ƿ۽ǼᣬֲƤԼ˯š
ruaë׹ȻҪ۵ģھͷ·һȺСɾûɵ᲻
С׻ĺɵ˯ˡ
ǻûгӿڴߵ۾һᣬƽ
С׻۾һ۶ŵϵĵ̺ɫĵ̺ڵƹԵøůϲڵ̺ϣŴأģȤ顣
С׻һԾϢ䵽̺ϡ
û˶ʶ˶ָһֻǽڷùڴͷżŽʶżһ§һûԣ˯ȥ
żС׻С棬԰͵
˵ɣЩż԰͸һѧǵģ״õ󣬸պʣһֻС׻ż
ҲÿģԺ󶼷ŴͷЦ˵С׻˯ž˯
Ƕά˹˯ŵ˯ܹԣԭκܿɰΣģġ
Ƕά˹лôרעĹ۲ǰֻϣĽëԲԲıǼ⡣
̲ס·ë³
ͷûиɣǶά˹ü£ȥҵģʽСĵİʪͷɡ
֮޾ĳĬ
̨ϵʼĶʵ̲ͣס̽һƬҶڲϣ۲״
εľɴҶƬϣ۵ƬҶӺͻ̾ò裬һ׳̨
ڼңʰ鷿׼ĸͻȻһƺʲô
±
ȿŴ糺գɵš
ҲɣȻûƷֱͷϣȾ;úˡ
ôһ룬顣
Ǳѵģ֪ʲôʱ˯ˣС׻ֻצצϣСƵš
СǣôԽԽˡ
ЦƿС׻
˵ζ¥´СѾˣС׻˼ڣӡ
ÿԳ˯˯Сߣë׵ĹԹ̿ruaһ뵽ԺҲȥ԰չһȺë˵̣·𱻴һЩƮƮȻ
ӻģǰиĵʱ򣬲ҲúúõģôḻҸò֪˵ʲôá
극ĪҲûС׻˯ȥǰСʨһֻ̹ں棬֪ȥĶˣͷϻڰżҶӡ
߹ȥͻȻڿգСʨ֫ڰػ£ԺԵ˼£ͷŲˡ
ղųԷʱûоҲ֪ʲô
СʨһֻԼ뷨̣£ҲԼ취С׻Сѩˡ
֪ԼѯʿܻЧѡ񲢲ʣǰժͷϵĲҶӣСʨӱŤĿУͷһöǡ
ƮƮģһ仨
СʨӺһͬͬŵ߽䣬ûϴͰڵϣݡ
أ
ɾˣ


99 
Сʨܵȥ ͻ룬ǰһȥ̽ѰǸֵ˵ʲôݣ ᲻ʲôĿġ
ŻôɣĪŸ˵ˣȻҵģڼҵסǰȥˣ ֱûôķӣ һֱǶ
ôǲ˲죬ھסˡ
ȻСʨڴդԺæ˰죬 ûݡ
ƺϳܵļȥ˸裬ͷСӣ СʨӺ޻֮
ʶ Լھһʲô˵̣ ˶ʰ̵ֶΰסͷ
СʨԽԽίòװ˻˵ħצΪ˰ͷСӽ⿪ֻƵڲݵϲֲ䡣
һֱëëҲŪˣСʨӲ֪Լʲôʱܺã ˵Ϊ֢ڵ˰ٷ֮ʮˡ
֪Լܻá
˾˻Ī͵ֵֹĵط
СʨӴûҡ
Ȼزȥ
Ҳһõѡ Ҳþ˾˿ԼǱӡ
Сʨû뵽ԼᱻΪֻϲϵëë
û뵽õһǡСʨذצӷԼϱǵĵط·ܸܵ¶ȣһ˰
ڵϣ СʨӺȻڵ˵̫ˣ̫İˡ
վצԥڵ̺ץš̺һ죬ϴӴϹϵġ
СʨӻΪ⣬ʨôܱ߶ȴܡ
ǣò˵ŵ̺ȷ
Сʨֻǰצ˵ϣԲƨţСԴֻצצм䣬ЩյĿצצع񣬷צצ϶ԼĿˮ
ܽ䣬ϴ̨ϴˮͷϴצצ
ˮˮͷˮĽϣСʨϵˮ˦ȥЩʪˣȳȥһһ÷Ƶצӡ
˼ȻʶʲôСʨӿԼצӡ˼һĿ׼ȷĳ嵽ϡ
ʪצڴӡºü÷ӡڸмǿ
СʨֿЦˣ͵ڴֲֲȣֱʪצӶɾˣֳצӴʪٵô
æ˰죬СʨͷԼġƷ⼫ˣ´ܳȥֱܵķſڡ
յķţСʨһ˲ùģȻͷǱԼò˷ԼæЩʱ䣬ǿʼš
Ǳѵģ۾С׻˯ԱߣڴСࡣ
Ҳ֪ʲôȻôۣС׻ʲôСڣС׻Ŷ¶䣬̧ͷ˫ʵĿش˸Ƿ
û£˯ϸ˵ָס۾С׻ȻԹԵſȥɿ֣ǿۡ
⸱˵ģûסЦˣǣӰסССİ
ȥš
ŲŴһ϶һС˳ŷ϶ؼ˽΢ĵƹ⣬һֻСһȦСʨӡ
СѬ
СʨӼ˳ĿСԴһ飬צצס졣
ɪɪƱ䵽ˣȫȻҫצģ
ﻹ
С׻ӱ۶ǸͻȻ񾭵Сʨӡ
СʨԽļȻߣգգۣ޹ӡ
һȫˮôڣҲȳ˺ãҪĺǻģ
ôŪģ
˾䣬ҲûСʨõ𰸣æҵ磬Ӿ͸һɵë
Բж̶̶ѹӢ
ЦˣСʨʶצӣһ룬ȥ
ʵҪһ˯𣿡
ԥģСʨ˵ͷ
ɵϣСʨ˯ֱߵıǰСѩλãСѩԺֱëףе㲻ϰߡ
ںˡ
ѱסСʨӣĺȻſ˯ϵС׻Сҹص
ֻ̹ɵͷ
״һЦصƣۣ˯ӿܿ˯ˡ
ڰſֱߵСİ΢СʨڱǼζȻС׻ģӣԶԣ¶һĨҸЦݡ
ſ죬ɫ̽һ£أ
СʨӹؾصİֻצצźãȻͷȥ˵ȣ˯ǰ׼ƽĺбۡ
֪˶ãСʨӺȻƨ΢
ԵɵɵۣԼֻͷڱƨȴš
˯ԭôСʨһֱΪԼ˯˾Ͳᶯš
ôţСʨȥؽذֱۣ˲ա
Ҫ˯ˣȻȫһʲôֱƳůıѣ
Сʨѹ
΢һʱ䣬˯ʱ˯ţǸİҲһһ
˼ĳֻСۣСʨȥצӽȥĿǸİ
צȵƤëźйɵĶţֻС׻˯㡣
СʨӲ˼С׻Ǹղ㱻ƳȥѵĴ
ţצµȻһ£ŵСʨ͵ջצצԼѳһ棬ë׵ͷģϸָëסԴȫʮ㡣
СʨβҲջƨ棬ɹҿһƬڣʲô
СʨӼװ˯ţ˺þãҲûٲھ˯ȥ
ֱڶϣѹһֱ˯ôССʨӡ
С׻ȵվԱŻƵβ˦һ˦Ŀۺ˯Сʨӡ
漴ȥŪ֮ͣǰСʨ¸±ӣһתС׻ͰѱӸƿˡ
ǣƤ񣬲øǱˡ
ͣС׻Сʨȥ԰Сʨӿû˯ϰߴһ·Ĭ˯С׻в˼Ҳû
С׻βͼ⣬۸Сʨӡ
С׻ԹԵһ£ͱ˵ʱֺݺݵСʨӼš
СʨҲǳԴ׵ģ˺üҲŭˣֻ˲Ļ䵽ݵ׷Ҹϡ
ģС׻һⲻͦõ𣬻װ
ҵáȿֻһǰһ׷ẉָ̂̾£Ǹá
ǰȻûʶã黹
΢ЦĿ֣԰ֵ̫ʱȫ㹻
첻̫𣿡ָɫЩ԰ףǵ㾢ͷҲûˡ
̾˿Ȼûһϴ裬ԡըˣȻûˣܵ˾ţ绰ҵԡףֲϰĻ³Զ緹Ҳûԡ
ɫ԰ףǶġ
ҲϲЩ˵ֻЦһ£û¡
һҪȥȥģ˳ִӶ
Ҫ¿ԽңҾ԰档ӻ֣ס̵ֻĺ󲱾԰ȥ


100 
ǵ԰ʱ СͬѧǶûʼѧ϶ǱȽϼѵģ˵ڼͼҳء
ͬѧǶˡ
ѾϹѧ ÿ϶Թ԰ʱϿΡ
С׻СʨӰڽãſڣҵ̶ֻԹԵСϣοЦЦ
ҵúܲѽ ܻ̿Ҫһ ҪҪһȥѽ
ôһ˵ЩĶͷֻʲộС׻Сʨͷ ĿΡ
ȣҸȥһɡ
ֻգգۣ ο֤Һܿͻ
˵꣬ Ȳĺһȥ࿴ȥˡ
С׻Сʨӣɶ
һ ǵǶ԰Ǻܰȫô찡
ӣǶܹԵģҺܿͻȥ
ЦݣأԵͷ ʵ˵ǣǶԼϲĴҲռģ ҵ̾Ȼ֪Ҫȥ̵£ܰĴڱĵط
Ҳǽз
ʱһҪֽֽ̡
˺ܿߵſڣվſڴҴһĲúģ ˵һңռܴ󣬷·һСɭ֡
СʹȦеشԼϲĵط׷֡
ֻèϸڳȥ磬ŵİζèֵͣվСϣֻǰצǰ۾ſڣȻߴߴߴĽ
ǵĽڲͣ죬ԹԵشԼġλϡ
ڿһİ߽ʱǶɵĽһȻĿ
ϲζ
ѵµʦ
ЩͲסӵ̶ʱ궯
ôãȻ֪Ǵ˿ʲôȴ˵Ƶ챦ʲôϷ𣿡
ֻһģܿδ͵Сèצצһ
ʲôϷֱӳ緹
һǶǵ˼ˣһֻСȮҡҡβС
ŲҪǵģһȺ
һӥ׽С
èֵߴߴߴĽ
ԹţҪȮӥ׽СֻÿζİǸϵųһֱߡ
Ϸôġ
һȺߴߴ˵߸ԵġС
ʼ磬ƣǶʱְƤգգۣǲЩϷˣǰǶ¸ΪĴ
ǽȥչһССͬѧǣûдѽ
Ҫȥչ̣ʵ棬ǰ̻С̵ʱǸʱĴҲչ˹ǡ
ֵˣǶȤ
˷۵ʱŽԱߵ˵ǽտǵʦ֮һϲλʦ𣿡
ǵĿ䵽һ΢Цϡۼֿ̣֪ʲôʱܵűߣȥβɨɨȥĻֻСһţֱϡ
ŵȥ
Ӵһ룬Сۣ
̾ȼˣֻ̿ɲദɵϷҲĸѯʦһ
ΪҲʦ鷳ÿζԼĳطԼԼġ
Ҳû뵽ȽӴ
ɲ֪һֻԼ뷨С꣬ΪСģϰǰ·ЦСʱĿƲסһš
С걧ࡣ
СȻȣɵƫͷһ
̣
ԭҲôҪʱ򣿣
ȵС꣬ܽвҪ𣿣
СһĽӵģǳò
Ҳǰ֣鲻ԽСùԣ
һɻĿͷһûнҴ׵С꣬˵СļҳҪˣȹȥǰɡ
СòͬĿ⿴һۣ֮С꣬һ뿪ˡ
Ȼ֤ܿС껹е㲻ˡ
ſڽΨһѧʩĽ̨ϣβ͵ڰлεë׵ϿԿһ˿ߡ
С΢е㽻Сڵ³˳βͼëë֨֨š
ʦܺ𣿲ȻСôô
СצצﳶԼβͼ⣬۵βͼëëСܿƲסȣëëҪСܿɰСֱ
βͿͺ
ССһۣСܱһŵվĿǽ˫֡
һͨСƵػش⡣
ģʦǳŶ
Χ͵鱨èֵתͷˡ
Ŷ
޵Сģ϶û⣡
ǶʱȤ¸һĻС꣬ȻСش˼Ͳͷȥˡ
Ҷʦرڴ
ߣվ԰ſڣ͵ļҳ̸ӹ뿪ҳС̡
ֻڰ̵ļҳͷ϶ֻϸһ͸ǿ׳ĽǣյҼС˵ѧǿӲűġ
͵͵ܳһҪסʦˡ
̷ǳо飬ʱӦּλҳǷհ۵˵ʵ̫绹˵뿪ְأҲȥϰˣô죿
λְֻδ䣬ҽȥѧУСڰӼ룬Ȼ뿪ְֵĻ
תĻԼĶ䣬Сڰһ£ۿɼϲλʦѰְֶԺˡ
ְ֣ء
λ̵ļҳȰˣεĶһۡ
ļҳټʶһǼ̱ǰһ뻹᲻ðְ裬һתͶ˵Ļ
Сèİְ־ͺȼ֮ԼҵСèļĻλʦԺһֱ԰
ҿ˵׼
СèİְҲÿϧСèϲʦͳڶŵ㣬Сèǳְͬ˵Ļٱǰ˰ְһס
èְɵЦ뿪ˡ
һȺҪ̣ѵĻصСңİ°ǶСá
СèСʨԱߣϳ̣СèСʨӴк
СʨƲͷصĺһ
ĿͶ򿴼̾ƲȵǼ̶ֻѣЦôģ
С׻һ˲˲ضֻͼӽᱻĿˡ
ǶΣյԤ׼˶ֻĬİ׻̺Ǽɵ񣬷·𿴵谭ǱҸĴ󻵵
С׻ŲȺôģѾʼ˺
֪̺ϲͲðңΪСѩС徻㣬ڡ
ǸɶĪĴ


101 
Сǻ Ҳ׽ʱһԹԵؿһȺСëŶţ һƬ
ദôгĵͷھͿֱ
˿٣Ҳ٣ ±˿ǿ԰ ʱܸ԰鷳
ȴúܿǼʣҶе԰ǺСĵģʮǵ Ҳ԰֣Ϊọ̈̄ ½Ǽʣ ˺
ЩԵС Ķܾŵÿ԰İȫҲǺܿ׵ġ
豸ϸ԰ͨ
԰Ϊ԰ⷽµĹǳġ
˿Ҳ٣͵԰ˡ
йǣ˵ֱƽ̵ֱ̨ճʦҲ٣ ⶼǱģİɡ
ô˵ˣ ģֱˡ
ۼֱѸЩ˼ӻСè°ͣһݹ ֱʱܻе㳤
Ϊչ̣ҪǾģһֱطżһ֣ȤģҾͿԿط
ô˵˿һ۽УϽĻ뷨
ӺһؼҳԷҵ죡ֱһ𣿣Ҳ̫Ҹ˰ȣҲŲģҪ
aûҪÿҸˢǽ
bͶʮǽİ䣡
bͶΪ
һ㣺ֱһ죿Ȼֺ£ǧҪǾԲĵģ
Ϻ͵ݰ׺˵ƣѵ³ʱõֱ俪ϢûüϣȵȥܵĵͰ϶š
Ҫֱһ죬֮ǰΪֱ䱻ʲôû³򣺡
æݰ׷Ϣ
һöʵ±ҺˣϢ
ĪΪҪܶ飬ú磬յ³Ϣʱ׼ȥ
׾ڷ裬ǻߵ³ſڣ׼һۿŵӡ
ܾʲôء
³æŶײæſֱȻûüš
ǵȰǰ̨Կ׽Ժ󣬾ͺͶͰϵ³档
ףˣ
³죺
Ҳ˵ʲôæܳȥ˳ŴϣѰ˼ţǲȥ³ˡ
³ȴеıף֪һ￴Ϣ϶һ׼
ֻŻķһ٣ߣֻҪҪշżٲΡ
һö±ɰ rua̫ˣ
⣺飡
˵Щ죬ruaëţ˭ء
԰Ⲽʵһ޴ĴԸϲתģʽһãİ£ѡһ򵥵ݵģʽ
һȺСëСȸߵĹβͲݴ棬ﱧСèСʨӺܾöûôĵطѾ֪Ķȥˡ
С׻Щſһߡ
Զľ룬ʱʱ俴һۣ׽ԺС׻ſţƨɶ
С׻º̫ߣ֣ƽС׻ƣܹѵˡ
ڣС׻һۣվˣȴ뵽ʲôſȥֱſɺȥβͶˡ
ôԵĶҲˣң
ʧЦû뵽һֳС׻ҲȻѡš
һĻķ˿ǣֱ٩
ģɲҺƢ𣬲׺Ǻ岻õģ
÷񣺿ɰ
һö±С׻Ҳ̫ɰ˰ȣ֪ʲôն
ɯ״ţĸ԰ʦ𣿣֪ĸء
¥侲ѾˣǲȥĹأЦЦҿˣҲȥ
ӺһؼҳԷǶѾҼֶתѧ˹
һ㣺ҼҲ̣ллָ·л
Ϊ÷˿֪ĸ԰û̵ķ˿ǾԲ԰ʦġ
ҲʵˣϿһ¾ˣĬϲ˽
Լ԰¸ǣ⣬ܶ˿Ȼ˵
ŻʯҾ֪ô̻ӭʱҲ϶ȥһ԰ŵġ
ųž԰ҵܸսȥС࣡
һֻһλְҵߣڼ棬йҲͨʵ֣Բ罻־֢ʮرѺá
ãڼҲչ˸ѧĵܵܡ
СܵһֻСƵģͲһӦ³ţҪǲԺûҵСһ궼û취һš
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102 
𾢵ʱ ڴһȺǽˣȽߵļλʦ
λʦԭΣһë
һֻӣ ֻȮһֻè
Ϊ˸õˣ飬ʦһԭ棬չǣ ʦԭλëëģ ëëһҲӾȴܱԭε˸̵׽ϲ
Ϊ԰ֻһλʦڿλʦžú˺ܶࡣ
ʦǴк λʦԭרſ˴СϾǳˣ û취úһ Ƕ˵ ·һСɽҶϲʦ档
λʦ˵֮Ҳܺ棬š
λʦϵ̿׷׼ôʦϻ üֻ̫Բˣ·Բأ ๾೯߹Ȧͷתſڵϡ
èʦŵĳ߹ϻżֻβ͵̣ߵߣ Ǽ΢ᡣ

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103 
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104 
С̶һۣ ĪΣյĸоСʨȫëըС̱ȶֻֻͷԷҪ衣
Сʨܹȥ ̧צӷϣԼ̵ľִƣһ߾ضС̣ 
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СʨӣϿӳȥ
һסСʨӶԽԽֻǰצЦŵıǼ⣬ ֣ԡ
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ˣ Լɻȥ𣿡ǵʵ
ëĻ ĿͶ档ʱҹʼʱĲʵɫЩۡ
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105 
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106 
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һɯΪǿ ֿٵڸ
һţɯ׾͸סƫͷĿǶ˵ϻ
ϴּǱߡ
Ŀǽȥ Աߵһ֣ ԴӼһֱð
˷ܣֱһ̸Ҫ
ϾǻӰ
ǴҪȥӾ𣡡˰죬仰
ȥĻӾݵģ Ƕȥ𣿡
Ȼˣһͻ᲻Լͬ˵
Щˣ⣬ ˲ȣ ˵һ춼ѡˮö
Ҳ رԭεʱ򣬺̡ëŨܣ챣ůЧãȵҪ
һǼʣʮ궼ȴںƯţ żʳȥ
˵Ҳкü춼ûݳˣ ëëЩˡ
˼ֱۡ
ʱˡ
϶˵ˣȥ˵ͷС߹ȥ
СѾǰվſڣһЬ Դ
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107 
Ƕά˹
˶һۣ Ծظһ֡
Ƕά˹רעĿʵôˣʲô𣿡
û⣬ ӣЦԪ˧ҲǶά˹á
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±Цˣ ĪĽҲɢ٣ ŵɢԺλǶά˹ķ˿ЩС
ҼһֻҲǶά˹
ȥǰͷ
Ƕά˹ĺף֪ ôû
е㲻Ҿȥ˯ˡε
ףиΡ쵽˵ʱ Ƕά˹ߵߣ 
Ųһ٣ ƫͷĿ󼸷İ˼˿øС
̸ԶһѸٺֶΣһҪʵ⣬ⷽ쳣С
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108 
ŵˮ棬 ǳɫĹâһֻɫӣЩëëˮʪɫ զһ·ˮԲ¶ڵ֡
ˮˮûסˮ﷭һ£ ǰ̶ֻͷϣ Ͳǵˮ
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СʨֻǲôϲˮڵˮҪһ Ȼ СҲܲš
סԼëë ôȥ̶ֻûж
Ҳ˵ȫûжɡ
ССצӷʪıǼϣżչһСʨӵצӣȻסС䣡
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СʨһûעķӦ ѾСëëֶĴ๾
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109 
һǰ СʱǰҪ˸˵ һϲƤ˴һٶԼˣ
ˣﺢӶˣϲƤɵĻ𣿣ǺǣĪӡ
ڣ ׽סƤ ˮӳ֣ϴһѾı飬Ƥ˳ȥ
ӽסƤԺ󣬻˵ñƤˮ˺üȦ Ȼιצצ
ҧצӣһֻצӷŵӵצϣ צûë ΢ ԼҲеջצצԼࡣ
΢΢ſ죬¶װ׵⣬зۺɫͷ
׿ֱ ƴҧԼϵצӲſסļצһԺ Űצӵݸס
Ҳû뵽ͷͦ׳ʵİ׺³ȻֻèСһϵİߵ㻨ƺܺÿͷÿƣ Ҳûж
Ȼ֪˵ëëӲЩ۲
Сèèצצﲻɸ̾һצצŶ
һԺƵĴ˴èСԴŶԷʱһˮУֿʼѡһƤˡ
׻ԭأĶ뿪ķһҪ취һʱ䡣
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˵Ķԣ̫أҧצҸղ͵͵ϵëëĺأôôء
ҪȥҵĽĿ
ܣǶԵģ
³˵͵֮󣬾ͼʵúˡ
һӵİ׻ΪԼںͼıء
һͨĴҺȻõ˰֮ҾԱϢκ˵֭
Ȼ˶ûбΣڿԺĹ۲졣
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λҲǿȸһҲΪܿճϲˣϲһ㡣
ҪܳΪŮѾͺܾˡ
ȻλֻǴΪϲѣΪϲԿѿ档
˽λû˼Ժ󣬰˿е㱻ŵģһĸ̥Ը鷽óˡ
ҲûпǹԺҪҪһµ⣬Ҳų⣬һпԵ
λȸͣǣԱ߰æιˮ
λųˮҸۣӾǷǳ
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λűжòָ
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ȿֻȸ߿ĬĬԼβ𣬿ʼ˼ΪʲôԼῪΪʲôͲܿΪǸ𣿣
յʱһֻɫСĹ棬צӰסȣϧŬͣҲеƨɿӱϾ겻ȥˡ

һһͷͷԵĺɫСܣʹźԼԭβ࣬ҪԲˡ
ֶնյСܷͷԵڵϣ˦˦ͷ﷢
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ǴұгĻڣǰֱķ˿ǶǿЩ裬û뵽һ컹ܿ˿衣
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άеˣʱҪֻܺȵ𣿣޴ǣߣ
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ϧԺû̡ϧһǣһ˯ˡ
ְȫԺܶˡ
ϧһӣֺСʨӵצצοԼộô˵Ӧˡ
Сʨһ
ڶԼΪѾǼˡ
˵˻˳裬仰û˵٣
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׼ȷ˵䵽˸ǵͷduangһûѸΣɯæСʨ
Сʨ޹
ɯ׿Ӿرߣԭξ㣬Ժر𷽱㣬̼Ҹ˿ëëʱͳû졣
ĺľͺͼСһʲô̫ģɰ
ɯ׵ȻǾȻ׳һ֪Ķ
Сʨӵĵǵ̸Ц˼СѬЩƤ
ΪСʨԼȥġ
û뵽СʨӸĪȥģôɵҵͷϡ
СʨӣһǸı
ǲֻͷԵСʨӵʱϥϺȻðһֻϤС̡
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ôţСһβͰСͳֻ


110 
ڻ𣿡С̣ ָ򦡣
Сָ̲ƽһǲ֪Ϊʲô ܾС̵ľǽŵġ
һ±СβͲŵСָȻ󱻲øˡ
ܾС̿ԼĿҲЩԹǼ⣬ѻϥǵСʨ˳
ϴһβ Ÿձʳָһ㣬 һҲأȻڴϣȴЩˡ
ͷСĵĿ⡣
µ̧ͷ Сʨӷŵǻ΢΢һЦ 룺
ȻԹĿء
ΪСʨ𣿿֮ǰҲûѽ ôеӡ
϶Ҫġ
ӦǸ˯ˡ
СϹ⻬΢Ƭ ֻίίСʨˡ
Сʨӣ
СʨӱǱڻһʨһĬĬһ룬СʨĴȥҲһӡ
Ȼ֮ǰûм棬 ʶǺϲԷСʨܾͷ̫Ĺʿڴʲô⡣
֮Ϊϲ߰
СʨӰСȣ ָúܺãֻצ水ϣصĽš
еôһ˿˿
ҲΪݵ̶ֳˡ
СʨǰѧУ ǳͷޣȻǸûбĲݸţΪ嶷Ȩơ
ӴôԽûдӦ˵ôѷһֱԪ˧Ƕά˹ΪĿء
Ƕά˹ľҲΨһûг׳֦ľӡѷȥš
֪ԼʵѾǶά˹ԭλΡڻСʨӵѷֻֻС̿ɶˡ
һҪҸСѩС
С׻ȥĶˣ뵽⣬Աɯ׾ˡ
ֱϲС̣С̻յİ°͸ϣβͼ⣬˼ЦЦСǻؼˡ
ɯ׻Ȼתַ·𲻾ʵھֻСʨӺСˣ
԰
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111 
һ㡣Ƕά˹̧֣ һ£ʲô
ҲûԱߵָΪԼж ü
ǸղŲСŪϵġ
͵
Ƕά˹ŵͷȻ

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Ƕά˹һŷǶά˹ͫɫСһ ķ̲סĹ۲Ƕά˹
ʱÿһҳ ĺӳԺʲô
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ȺȻ֪Լһ׸ʲôˡ


112 
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񺰣һ£
бһָֻ֣޳ָ׼øɸɾָŵۣžͺȻֻ֣Ǹëĸϡ
ˣָڵ¸ë׵ëۿɼץ£ץôأ϶ɣ۲óǰ˼ԼӽǵġˡҲ˼
Ǻ֣ʲôô
ȵԭζܴƵġ
룬ִֻֿëתڱ棬ѸٵİѸղŪҵëˡ
Ⱥ⣬ؽ˼
ƽм񳪸Ƶġ
ʵ۾ˡ
޲ôȥӽǵ˶߼չȥ񰡣񲻺ÿÿˣ
ڰûڵʱȻ˫ֵˣ֪ǲӽǵ˶˾ʱ򣬰ֱӿˡ
ˣӽǵ˿ˣ
ʱȻЦЦ֣˳˳ëë뵽ʲô˵飬ĺ˺С
Ͱô󣬴СΧǸŷӣô׺ߵòɵӣ˵㲻Ϻ
Ȼ֪ô£Ȼúܺ
ں֪Ϊʲôˣ
Ժʱһӽǵ˵ȷҲˣʱˡ
ֵµСʨӺߺ΢΢һЦСʨӱϥϣ¶СƤֻСצצסצ˳ʱ
Сʨ鲻Խſצӣˣ̫Сʨֻһţֱϣͷҧסצצ֣᲻¿ڣֻҧ£ָõʪġ
Ȼָ࣬ȥ⡣
СʨӴ˸磬Ѹٰͷ㿴СʨԹĿ⡣
ëֲɾѹѹСԴСʨӼװһ£С䶼ѹ
״Σֶѹ˼¡
СʨӼװûãֻỻӹֵѹưˡ
ʵǿ
ܶ˸С
Ѿᵽôİ
֮ǰҲûнֱ䰡ˣ̫
ڿԭԼûҵȷĿֱķʽ
Լ
᲻
ôߣСʨӣ˿ɲˣһֱС̱СʨѹסβҲһԣֱСʨȫɾˣһβͰСʨӸȥ
ǺǣҪôһֻʨˣȻֱУ
С̱ӵĿ⣬ֱһβĵϵСʨǸŭԡ
Դ۲ͻֻСҲ֪ô£͵͵´ҲĻˡ
ôУ
һֻƾɶѣСʨӲܣ
Сʨ뾡취򲻹ֲֻֻС̵Ŀ
ǣȻѡݣ
Сʨǫֻ̀˼컹ͣطҧȥ뵽ԼôǸУǿһǡ
СʨֻܰԼѧõηֻձɵСϡ
ЩҲСгɾ͡
͸ղţСʨЩõʱ
ᡣ
ֱķ˿Ȼⳡ֮սһʱĻƮ
һ㣺СʨҲ̫ɰ
ӺһؼҳԷСˣһǸгϢģ
⣺С̾ԼܳŵģСʨӸϿë֧
С֪̾ʦж޿֡
СֳһЩֵζȲӿɰë׵ģȻȷ輼ɣСƵģȫϡ
ʵǵסСʨˣС̾
һβСʨװԼҧˣҲҵţƤ
һСʨӰˣ̳һţ꣬·ί
Сֶ̫ˣСʨһصԺҲûϹȻҲֹСβ
ȳһСʨӣ̫۸ˣ
ôῴ֮ЩСȻСûֵ̫£ǲָԤġ
Ͼ̼ˣҲѧϰһַʽֲиõĽ
ֻĵСʨӣοο
С̿ƤˣƢһ
˵֮ǰţСʱڻ£ƤٶȻͦģһиüΣǼʲϣڵСʱһʮҲеġ
߶չһ󣬰˵ôҲƤˣС̵һֱڳƤȴһֱûж
Ϊһֱû㹻ȫҲǵӲá
ֱڷСƤļˡ
Ҳɵý
СһЩֵΪȻҲֻ۱ֻˡ
ֱķ˿ǲ֪ȻһƬ̾
ɯףСʨӣҲҪ𣬺õģҳߣСʨҲ̫˰ɣ
Сʨҳˣ
Լҳߣ뿪һʱĪȻˣ˵ҪСʨӴȥˡ


113 
е£ Ҫȥһˡ˻ȥ˻ܲٹĪû˵
Сʨһëëڲסʧ𾪣СԴ
Ҫôôż
Ī˵Ϲ Ҳ飺·ϵһЩʱ䣬Щ
С߰ѻ㱵СʨӴݣ϶˵㵣ġ
˵һʲô𣿲СѬ˳ʲô°ɡ
Ȼǡ
Īˮݸ Щ϶Ҳˣ СѬе⡣
ӹˮһڣ֪Ӧúöˡ
˵ͷͷˮ
˻ Īˮŵϣ ƿ֢£ Ҫ׸߱ˡ
֢Ǽôã ֱûеõİ취ͻȻһȫ֢ˣĪЩ˻ʲô¡
Ҳ֪᲻ң ʵΡ
ֻҪҵˣæ˳һľͺˡ̶ٶ⣬ Ҳ죬˵Ҳ򵥡
Ī
ûǾºͣ ܺʹ󲿷˾Ӵųľ
֢޷ǾǾܿƣ˾æ˳ëһ
ȫ֪Լ˵ʲôصԾȫǼʿֻԼһܵʱѵӦòҴŸԼӳ룬ھ˵ˡ
Īһ㱣ܣ
ΪʲôҪܣɻĿžҲ˵ҲһЩѾ˷ˣֻȱѡ
֪ΪԼǣûϵģСʨҲΪ֢İɣ֮ǰ
ܲµĪͷ
ԺʲôҪæģң֪Ķǵġ
ҲǳէȻԼҵоԺȻЩԼܹƿ֢ⲻɵ
ĪһǸ·ģҲԺ޹˼ɵ˵ˡ
һЩ˴ġ
ĪúҪԽȥҲҪɼҴ𲻴Ӧ
ڰ֣˵ЩˣȻһˣԸ߰ɣʱаɣ
ȻУĪþûˣȻҪһ
Էʱ֪ԼϾҪߵСʨһ᲻𾢣צӣûһͿͼöԷôķϣ¡
ĺƤڻ
С̿ҪߵķϣƵһߣ߳Է߿ߣż¶һĨЦݡ
СʨŤͷԼıԲƨɶ׼棬Այֵһࡣ
ͷƮƮЦһƨɣСʨӾͶһ£һ£Ͷһ¡
ֱСʨƨǿ鶼ܲˣСʨӲŻͷһָҧװ׶üҧʵƤûһ¡
ֳС䣬βͣС˼£ԣһҪԷ
ԣ
ԼҪˣ
Сʨӱָָ°͵֮ĵط˫ʪĿˡ
°ͣŹϵԣϲԵġ
Ӷˡƽ̹Сӡ
СʨӶݺݵҧһڣŶ·Īɶ˻ܿĵĳԷ
ٿԱߵС̡
Сۿɼĵ⣬ͷһ˻β͡
СʨӿҪ
ܿһٷͳˣСʨӰԼĶƤԵԲǱĪķ
˼ʳȫ·ϳԵģ˼һССʨëձȫСʨʱëëɵġ
·СģϵʽǵĪҪ˸ҷϢצצСʨӾȵı飬ԺĿ뿪
СʨڴϿ𽥱һСڵ㣬ȻСڵҲˡ
ĪˣԺֲǼ
СʨѾˣһһͷɫɶ̷ĿЩɬꡣ
ѷԼͷЩըëͷǰͷ̫ɻӰһֱù̶ͷ̶ס
ȴһҲŪ
ͷģÿķͰ
ѷһӳԽԽʧ䡣
Ī˵˾ҵˡ
仰ѷ͵̧ͷ˭
ĪȻô˵Ĳ֮ǰͻȻ;Բˡ
ĪһļӸ
һ·̾ڰжȹˣֱϻǵǽѷͻȻļ˺ˣӽͰ
ЩֱǽĪֱԼľ˾˷ϢȻصѧУᡣ
յģһȻȥϿˡ
ѷɵϣͨĺ룬ϵı˲ºͺܶ࣬ͨѶˣͷϢ
Ҳܿظעⰲȫ
仰ѷһ⴫ĽŲϵı¹ΪĮ
űƿ˲ź˼ͻȻʲô̧ͷ档
ѷ֪ʲôʱѾվǰԶλãһı飬΢΢һЦ
ףþò
һֻ̣ЩȻʧȥ԰Ժ󣬾ʧˡ
ųС꣬ţСɰСҲɰСè
ܻеġ
ó
С̺
ѾܹĴС̺֮Ĺϵˡ
죬ճС̻ȥҲˣǰǵԼܱΣһƱ
ȻǵһȥԼֻأе㺦ߣһҪϲϲһҪҹۺС
¸£İɣһȥġ
֪һ˵ٻ˸߲ҵĻ׼ֻȥˡ
ֻʣԼС̣Сߵķӣ°ͣȻ۾һ
԰ҪһȺСӿС̺ȻСȥ档
㲻ڼ̫տ𣿡
βͼ⣬Сһ磬ɲ۸Ŷ
С̣뱧̣
Сĥţôһһ⡣С̲𣿣Ϊʲôǵ̣
СðѼֻСһһӳȥ
ԲƵ䵽ĵ̺ϡ
һѣµطΪСڸ棬һһŬϥϣȻС̰Ӹ߸ߡ
С̣Ⱳûô
Ӿ˺ü죬С̵ĶѾǳʱͻȻɵϥˡ
㻬ȥۼֿסܵæǴȥ
Сǲʲô°ɣ
ӦҪƤˣû£Ȼȥɣҽ٣Ǹ
û˵ʲôֻƤҲͷĴˡ
ȴûôɣС̵Щԡ
Сһʼߵʱ岻ãأʵϱʼС̻Ҫصöֻ࣬죬Ѿˡ
֪Ƥ᲻ʹ֪࣬СǺܲġ
С̷ŵ׼õĲһغᴩӵ֦滹һЩʯͷﻹ˸Сˮء
С̲֦ϣβȴعָ


114 
˵ СͣӦþֹһεƤˣϤ̣ 㲻ܼѡ
ȻСֵ̱úʹࡣ
ŲȥС̵ƬΪҪƤСֻģ Ƭ߲
ĸ СβͲøһ㣬ͷͼֱۡ
ɲУָ סСԴĿ⣬ ѹص֦ſš
׼õĻﶼƤˣ ȻԼϣ ܸоϾͷŲȥˡ
ۼС̵ǺܺãοСģƤܼ򵥵ģܿͺǿһȥ棡
СβͣԺŵۿȥ棬 ֻһ
Ҳ֪ǲ˼ˣ ǳȥ档
СƵñָһȥҪ̡
õģġ
С̺ˣ ֺе㲻⡣ǹԹԵɿſڴֲڵĥ䡣
֪ãԱ߽ģ˯ʱְɳԱߣ֧Դã֪ʲôʱ˯ȥġ
˯ź󣬷ĵƱصֻһյССĵƣС߰Ѵͷùˡ
С˯ú磬Сÿ˯Ժȷûʲô⣬ԼŻȥ˯
Ҳһ
СԱߣֻ۾ںڰ΢΢⣬ն컨塣
ûһ·ʲôͻȻͷĶֱֱİѲ䶢š
СʶѾ̫ˣû˯ţβ;סһʯͷĥû˵ƬϵƤһһġ
ţ϶òԾСƤôһһ飬ƤӦôͷʼȻɳһƤ
СϵǲƤ·ǲѿˣв䵽͵Ƥ·ʲôá
ȻСվߵǰͷС̣һֱֻϡ
ֱһöɫĵƣרעɨ
룬Сջ֣¶һĨɻı顣
ŲСһһ˵Сˣ㷢ڵˡ
Ҫ𣿡
С̣û˵
Сظһ飺Ҫ𣿡
ãС߶Ƕά˹䵭еɳƵãлл
СߣлСˡ
ת߿ߣղ˵е㳳ˣ˯е㲻ȡ
Сҿ˿֣ǺıһֱܽӲСġ
Сҡͷ·ںʲô衣
ϵСĬĬôԻСߣٿ˯ȥϵʹ˺ܶࡣ
һҹȥ˸磬һʱſȥС̡
ֻС̹ԹԵڽ䣬̳һһϵƬ΢΢˵ģγԱȡ
ȻûпƤ
۾ûУһС鶼ҲţҪСִ̿һȦǲԼǴˡ
ɻʱС̲֪ʲôʱ˹ӱԵҵֱϣĲס
ͷ˰̲ûΪƤʧŻе׳׵ģȻԵ÷ǳ˳
С̵βĳط˲ֱۡ
΢Ƭץסŵϣ°͡
С̻λͷβͲֱ۲ɿ
Լеڽˣʹˣôһ룬С̵βͼ⣬ʵɵƤȥĶˣ
С̰Դϣţװ
ĶƤС΢΢Ҳûβʹ˴ִȥС̾͵װˡ
û°ɣ
Ƭ
С̴յߣǲ
װҪҧСȴȥ
죬СԼϲȥ
˵ƤС̣·ҽ֮ǰԴֲڵƬ񶼱úܹ⻬ˡ
ûסһ硣
СûųֵָúӣżСӹÿС
ǵƤȻ֪ƤȥĶˣû£һ٣רС̡
С̺⣬ͷһ˴ֱ
ôģҫϾֻһ̵ֻټŶСβ͡
ͷһۣС޹Ŀ⣬ʧЦ
ǣ켷ֱķ˿Ǿͷ֣кüֻë׵߾Ȼһֻë׶ûˣ
һ㣺ǲлˣ
ӺһؼҳԷ¥ƨԣûëף᲻ѽҪҪٳһԸ
a顣
᣺ҿɣûëˣҿԸҼֻ治ǣ
ûëףÿϧ
ĻĿԱߵĸȡ
Ȼ֮󣬾һֱͷ·صܾǰбʱζ֡
ȻÿζҪ취иϢַȻ۵ġ
һУ񶼺йء
룬Ȼ
ͷ˿ǴкճĻ졣
ʵСʨӺھӸȵȥ˵ǻؼˣ˿Ǻܿϧִ
ëȥӼſڣ֪ԸԸء
ǣƨԣӲŲأ
ɯ״ţۡ
ÿοĻᱻǶЦʶһȺָоȻܸܵҶϲ
ΪûëףʱȻ˵㣬һ˵ע⡣
ǲǺ
صҲǺǺ̡ȻһԲһ塣
⣺ôɰôǺʲ
һֻǣǺ
̶˵ǺͲˣԭκͺĺ𣿣˵ԼǺ̡̡ʮˣƭӣ
Сܱɣ¥ô£ôʲô
ˮֻǣǺͱ𲻳ϰʲôҳϵģȻܲϲҲ㲻Լɰɣǰϲ㣬û뵽ôûˡ
һö±ʲôħ֣ǱǣǼ໡
򣺰ⲻǸ򵥵𣬺̡˵ԼǺ̡ѵƭҲϲΪǲԵİ
һ㣺λɶ˰˵ķ˿ôûǰأ
ʲôȻ˵ԼǺ̡Ǿȥ£Ҳ֪
ѽ˵ȥȥ˭
ʲôôˣô𣬲˵ԼǺ̡û
ǵһСid˷굯ĻŵĻϳһƬЦЦ
Աʣϴô˵ȷúͺһ
ҪֻҪĨѣôຣ򣬿϶ܶ˱ٹ
˲Ųŵ⣬ֻҪһйڣܶҲ˵
Աߵ˻Ȼеͬ˵ʵֱһͦϲġ
ûһۣһ̵ʲôÿģǮÿ𣿣
ٺ٣ԱߵףϴǱĻôǮ𣿡˴ָ
ЦˣȻһרȥһôƫƧСطϵС
ֻҪúãβ͵ˡ˵


115 
һƬϣ Ưˮϵľͱ¿·ˮϵһ߲ۼһźķӭ洵 ȺɫСˮ渡
һȺǿ׳ĺ
Ƭĺ峤ζߵһϣϸᷢڸ߸ߵϵģ Ա߻һ͵Ĺ֭Ͱ ðһ
ζһų㣬һߺŹ֭βһĵķ羰
꣬ʹм ֭Ҳһ㱡۰Ͱ͵ĳԺȣ ζӸߴ ˰ӿȥ ʳֵһɶ
кԺ󣬵ͳһϢʱ䣬һֻ뿵ζܽĺͻȻ͵±飬޴ĳѺıĳһζ㻬ȥ
ζְ˹ ǲ
ûΪֳ׺ݶе£ְ˹߷ߵָŹ˵Ȼ˵Ǻɶ񣡡
ôײУôǺ
ζˣ ְ˹һ̫Ͳƽˡ
׼Ա߶ú˯һµʱ򣬼ְ˹֪ʲôˣžžű棬 ſŴ¶ݣѪҲΪϼ˰̣״̬ɲ
ŭϵĺĺŲǺ

˭ǵˣ
ϴμְ˹Ϊɣ
ְ˹ҾǿҪҿ˯ˡֻ̯̯׼ˮһֻס
ûҪϴأġ
ߣζѷұļְ˹ɿһ٣Ȼһƨ棬΢΢û㿴ʲôأôˣ㲻Ǻ𣿣
ְ˹׵Ĵƨ°ѹԾζ֪𣬳ɰǸȻǺ
˵ʱ򣬼ְ˹빰ζѹˡ
ùԣζмĿҳ࡭㾹Ȼϲְ˹ɡ
ְ˹˶㶼û֪ˣܺõģã
·뵽ʲôְ˹ߺ
ζˣôģ㶼˻
ְ˹ߣ
ζģȷṵ́ͷָָ㣬Ȼֻһӣö̵Ŀζôϲ
ֱ֧°ͣο϶㲻Ạ̊́Ҳ϶ǵݣ
Աһֻ͵˺þõĺϴǵݲ𣿡
ζҲˣĬΪ˻Σ㿪ĻطƵ
ƵʱǷǳмһ˵ģϾְ˹̲̫ߣϲʲô˵׼ζҲֱϲֱִܵҿſžͻȥ̨ȥܡ
׶бĺϲĶ
ǣûȥ
ζ㿪Ƶһöë׵ӣ뾵ͷоٿһҪԼˡ
ʵϣƵſʼ֪ʲôʱ򣬿ζ߾ۼ˺öຣѵûг֣Ĵһ𣬾ؿƵʱʱһס
֪ôģ׶бĺǾͱˡÿɰ
󣬿ζ޵۵ôɰӣȻ˵Ǻû۹⣡
һļְ˹ͷ˵ö԰ɣ
һ⣡һ
ζŭôɰҲµ֣̫ɶˣ
ְ˹ϴǰɣ
ȥҳȻڿ㶼𣡡
ζ°ͣҾ취ھͳɣûɣ
Ѿһˮȥˡ
״ζһЦǿβͺݺݵذѼְ˹ˮȻһͳˮƬˮ
صߣĻϳԺҲֲԾˣЩ˷·𿴲˵ĽͣſڱտƭǺԾһġ
ҲǣǽͲˣҳԺʡ
ôͰҶ̫ʧˣ
ԵղΪ˵Ҳ̫˰ɣΪԼ˭ЦһСôˡ
һ㣺ǸϿ߰ɣ
⣺˵öԣǲɵƣǹɣǺǿүƵģ֮ǰԼ䲻أ
ӺһؼҳԷǲɵûҪôôô
һö±ˮΪҿ˭ҵ£ںʲô
³ָͷڹϣ֮󼸺ѹ飬žžž仰
ԱߵİҲ˼öһ㣬ɵòйذɣ
³û壺ţ
ףû£ȥһ£ܵ˭·רˮ
³Ц˭Ǹö
ǻصǣһյĵصѡϵĳһ羰ܺõĳ³ѾμǽĿ²ϣˡ
ֻദһ죬ܸܵǳķֱǮѾкõԳûִȻҲһֱˡ
ôμĿ
ƶԷú鷳ɡ
޲ʧţֱֻܿԽ˼֮ˡ
һûרųԺˣС̺СһȥԣСȴܳԡ
ûӾذ
ĻС̧ͷץס֣϶С
ȻͣȻУڼ԰ɡ
Сƺϵһ£վԱߣԼϼťϵ˺ü£гһĻüС水һɫİť
ǰķӷ·𲻾ʲô仯Ծ򷿶
¥ͻȻһӣª¥ݣСɬ˵鷳СԼȥˡ
СԴллСߡ
Сͷ»һԱɵݵġ
ͺܺðС
ȷ֮ǰû취һӾصģǲ֪С߷ʲô
ڵСֿɰ
̾ţûвС̿СߵĿ⡣
С߻С̣һƿߣȥ
Ӻι̣ȥԺ󣬲ŷֶ¥ķ֪ô˱Ե͸ĳӣԣˮϻƮһ躣ʡ
۾ʱһ
Сߣϣϲ¶һɰձ飬һ£žͷһЦȻֱˮ
ðˮģѾһöɫıˮʪ˵ˡ
ͷС̣ˮ˺üȦˮģҽոպãǱˮףģĳصףȻȥƮװʵԱߣצצȥ̺ʡ
СȻԺʵϰ߼ǵúӱԵиССİۣװ˺üԲıʯͷ
ֵ˿ɫʯͷԼϲ˲ֱ΢ʯͷմȾһЩϢŰʯͷԼϣֻצצץס
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ǿܺóԵӣҲԣ
ǣƬǼʾͻȻȺǿȻƵĵͣһطƹ˺ðʯͷ


116 
ǽͣ Աٰվڷ̨ϣʱΧûʲôԣȻ˿ɸӣ Ҷطء
ҲĹԱûʲô¸ɾˡ
Ա˸Ƿ۾ִڵͷȻһƬӰסˣ̧ͷ Ȱֺֻһĵǰϡ
ι ȥǵĺ໹Ҫð
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Ա̧ͷһۣЦܿˣȺ˿Լˣ Ա鿴ղȺ˵Ϣ
ո˸ѵʱ򣬻ĹԷ˺ü棬һԱҪεˡ
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С͵͵һǼûԹģźÿˡ
ѾԤϵԼԺ󡰴ӣСſš
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˵ţС֣һѰ̽


117 
˶ ·Ѿܶ飬û¾ͰС̲صԼϣ·Ѹٵ̳һڵ¥ݼ棬 һֵվں档
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118 
˵Ķӱˣ ˵Ǳǿ˺츳ռ䣬Ը򿪵ģжʹ֪ Ȼڳûһͬˡ
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ʼ˹Ĵ̲Сŵһֻʨӹ̣̫ͨ˹Сŵûһ죬һЩ³
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Ҫ˹Ѿǩ˺Լ߳ȥץǼʱԼԼǳǿ
˹ԼԵĲϵɣᱻ飬ĿֻƳ١
˵иߴλΥԼ
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³ֱһܣһ߷ۣΰɣֶЩ̣ҵǼ˵ڼ䣬ǲ뿪ˡ
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ŶǵǸֱƽ̨˷ּƻ𣬷ƽ̨ϵ˵һᱻ뵽ϡ
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ҰһֽԱ߶ŹԱ³һֵķ羰ߡ
ǲǱ˰ɡ˹Զıİףһ˿̡
˹ϺȲ裬ԣһЦҪܱ裬һŬŬ
Цţȴܱ䡣
˸
˹ЦˣС걧ڿĴҪǰϤһأŶˣ˳Сŵȥ˹ɡ
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˹ƲƲ죬㿪ԴδϢ
кüʮϢͬһ˷ġ
ǻΪôùģ㻹ǮҪٱ㣡
أ𲻳Ұ֣
˹ޱɾѡ»


119 
ĳƫƧطĹ棬 ȺսսĲڷС棬ϲԶֵĸߴ ŵһƨϡ
ϴǻڣô찡ȺǿΧ˺ü죬һѾˡ
⼸춼ڹ棬 Էֻ͵͵ ҪȺǿˣһֻֻʣƨɡ
̬ǣȺҪǿǴ˳ȥ·ͻǵ·ߡ
ֱ٣ ڸǵ̬
ҲˮżģôҲ벻ͨԼô¡
ϴ ǵ׸ô찡
ס֣ ⣬ Ҳʵܲ˰⼸죬ܵľϵĥԶԶǰܹĥ
ļᡣ
˵˵ϴ ҪҪȺ̸һ£Ҫ֪ǵĵǵ˭ɡ
겻⻰ һۣȥ𣿣
û뵽ͦվȻȥˣ
û뵽ֵ»ô¸ҵˣĿ˺ϴת
Ҳǲ̫࣬ ȻԩͷԸȥǾȥ
жס˵֣һǵĸģԺǹʣ
Ҳܸжӻõģллϴ󣡡˵꣬תȥȻû߼ͱͷļְ˹סˡ
ȼְ˹ͻȻ˵֪˭ǺǸСģ
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˷ߣְ˹ͷ˹Һ񿴹ݵĵӾ磬ΪɶҪӰ
һǣһǣûĻһӶʶ
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ٺСٵļǸϵľΪҺӣһżʲôˣҲһֱڹעϵϢڷִСԺȾϵ߾֡
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Сֻǵצһڣԣܿͻǻؼҵġ
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С̷ίĺߺԱڵСϺؿںڵСתתȻҲ
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СֿʼߺߣСҲʼߺ
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ӺһؼҳԷʲôӣҲ춼̿rua
Ļ΢΢ǣҲȥһ԰Ĺ
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·Ϻͷ˿˻ᣬ԰Ժȫ˲ˡ
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Сèӣһ߶Ѹٵسܹžߴһ¹ϡ
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Сẹֻ̀Сβ˸߲ңСĿԱ߾ȻһֵֻССèͷԼβʹӴצ³˴Сϵĵǡ
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ķ֣СèǺϲСԲСԲͷƭԺСèͰСԲڻ
СԲС˵Ҳ̫ССèҪβͰСԲǰֻǰצȵıţСԲȥƵġ
ߵСԲͻȻ׽ŵˣֻСֶŵջȥëëţȻǱСèˣСèشС֡

СèȻͷֻС֣˲䡣
СԲӣ
𾪣СԲʵ̫ˣЩ죬ʹûκ
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СԲ۾øԲˣû̸ëëء
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˵ͬˡ
⼸һҲùͻȻץһҲû뵽Щô֡


120 
Ц԰Ʈ ӵֱ˻һЦȴñüͷԽԽ
԰⣬ Ƶ̳ţʵĿˡ
·˿˱ȵϷֱߡ
ʲôҲû˵ϰֽͰһӣ Ƥ΢ƣ ʼ壡
ôţ԰ѧҳţһ졣űҳŵģ ¶̣һ˿̰
˵ĶƵĶӰ Щ̱ҳӻؼң ֱе̶ȥˣ úʦżֻ߳һŮʦ
ԶԶǵĽ̸
ǻȥˡ
컹Ҫɡ
е£Ӧûڼ
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ϻһ˿ϵĹ ˲ͷĵ㿪ȺϢȺġ
˵һֻˣעһ¶Է٣֮ҪѶԷ
һֻ̨ϵͼƬĸʵƷˡνĹصҳ档
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С𽥲·סȴѾõ


121 
ⳡ˯ ѹʱһԼ˯ͷ˵Ĵһʱ䣬 ֲ㡣
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ȻʲôСβС̣СڿС̾ȥˣβͻһһģСڿĶ˲²֣ϣ׼Сһ档
Ȼȥ֮СȴѸٵϥǣСʱ򣬰ѻŬϥǵֻèһβȫ͵Сߡ
С̵ĿתֻڵССϣԶСǹȥ
СĵͷְѲɳ϶СԲ̳žߴһ°СԲ͵̵ֻȦ
̾Ӧúһ˲źʹһ档
С̰ԼβģȻ󷭳Ƥ
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൭Ȼϻһ˿ƣȥֺʵˣҺСڵĹϵ֤һݼݸ
Ѹٿ꣬ȷûͷСǳǼ档
С߱СڣֻС¥
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Сڲ֪ԼȻôͼ˼ˣڰ໳ҹûסϴŵȫǰĵЦݡ
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ϥϵСڷ·˵ĻźȶŰ࣬޶ԣ¶װĶƤ
ࣺԺӦÿԡ
ΪֻǳȥϾֻһֻ̣ȫϵ̫Сˣ߲ȫġ
۹λҳԷʽлҲʣǰһ
Ժ󣬵߸һʱɣݶԼ
¶Ҳ취á
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һ극͵˷ֱʱˣֻʶʲôذš
Сڻʱͷ࣬·취һߡ
ȻͱĴˡ
ֱϷСڻҧŰҪ³߳ͺš
һѰ̽ʡС˼ҪͲᱻ˹ˡ
⻰СڽӲһ˲Ȼſ໵ķ䡣
Ҳ֪ûֻ˵Ժл棬Ժʵʵĸ񣬲ȻԺٺ棬̫ûǺܶ
СӦˣһſŴӣһ˲˲ĶŴ⣬һŹ¶Ի˸С
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СģԺ϶ǸĵѣСβ˵
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ֻŽϢȻɢˣԶԶĳͺһ
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122 
ǰĻԶ̣ ڳϾ޴󣬴ʱֻſڿĵϣ βʹڰУ׺ݵףſѪڣ СһĽ
ౣ
·ܸˣ ſøˣȻͱˡ໣
ɳƵɤɫ
űߵСϸ౵ؽɵĿֻ
С
ϵĴ󻨱βе˦֣ Ȼܸˡ
߽ȥţ ͷ ֻͬǰſڿϵĻ
ŵβͶ˦ˣ ĶС
¶Цݣ֣Сӭ
һ βһ˦ȻԼǳʵ һžͳĹȥˡ
ȻҪʱǰʲôһһβͺݺݵϡ
ֻ֮žߴһˤԱߵĵ̺ϡ
ȵõɴ۾ СջβͣţмĿ⿴ϵĻ
ǳˣѧǰ̵ʱҪ
ȻһֻСĿʼĻ
Ͻȥûʲô⣬һ˻С̼£̫ˡ
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黹ãһ飬ֻϹȻˣڸͷ̽ĽҲʾں
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סӣֱѹź֫飬Ʒֻίί̯⡣
βʹסص㲿λ
бɬȻͱͷƵס˶䣬ߴҧгݵôԼģ
ֲģֱ׳Ļë׵ĴԴ
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ȻѴ󻨱ȥþһǿȻ˯ˡ
ƵõתƸû۵Ĵ󻨱СƵҧס°ڣ뿪
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ŴܾͺĻȻᱻСһβĿͷ˼ĿС̡
˯һ磬Աһ磬֪ôˣ֮ǰС̱յ飬ȻǻҲôȫˡ
֮ǰ˵ΰãûʲôоҲʼ
Ӧȥǿ
ţϴ裬˯һòĻβͣ΢ĸȥԡҡ
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ǵ蹤һ족ֱ⡣
˿ĵΪҪϴ裬һǸʲô壬ǳˡ
ӺһؼҳԷ˭Ϊʲôӵԡ
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᣺ؽʹֵܣøҰɣҸǮ
⣺Ҳ뱻Ӵأʲô
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ԡҷһ죬ѡỺ֣˻˯߹ȥʱ򣬻ſ˸Ƿ۽ǹ顣
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Żϸϸˮڻı˳ˮȥһʵоôˮ𣿡
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ʣģʼϴһ߸غ߸衣
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αһЩգǾССŵ
СŵһֻԸСЫӣ֮ǰ˹ֻɰ˹
ڻ״֮ԣȻᵽԼƺܻӭСЫӾ͸ûжˡ
ڱ˶ԼСദʱ򣬰˹취СŵԸ
Ҳͷץһ졣
СЫӣ취Сŵ̱ͲӦ̫ģĲӦճеҪ
Ϊ飬Ŀ¼ڼ䣬αһֱԼСסһ𣬰˹Сŵŵ
ԼϤĻСЫβ΢˿ʯͷ
Ͱ˹ദüˣסԼС
˹ڲ棬һˣԣһߺСŵ죬ֻһ˵СЫӸҲüį
˹Ҫǽ첻Ϸˣǿֱɣֱƽ̨еҶϤŶСŵϲʲôֱ
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˹Ĵӣֵһƽ̨˺öֱҲܿ˳ȥһ
̫á˹Ų䣬ֵһֱ䣬ֱ˵һΪֱ̫֣˹ûе㡣
蹤ݸ˴𣿺֡˹еЦ˰öôҲŵһ
ȥŷֱҲĶࡣ
ⶼһǧ˰ɲˢİɣֱһǧʲôֱ䶼ûأô˾Ϊ˿ֱ俴˴裿
˹ԽԽˣֱʾ˲ӽģʽ
֮ǰֱеַ·ڶַǳܶ˿ܶˣȻڰ˹עҲϡ
·ĳɾԼܿԼǰи߶ˮһ𣬲˷꣬˹˯ճӦôھ״̬
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ۣȻһ˫䵽ԼݵϡڱදֱҪ̾һ
˫űϣͷܹĸܵ˫ֵȣźеʹָĸо
Ѿȫ۾רͷİĦ֮ǰŵʹ·ԶȥſԡоԼ·صĸС
ȫʵĵط
һͷ㴫Цһָֻ°ͣɼˣ˳̧ԴܵòС
˿̵İ˹ɵҲͷ·ܸоɦ˯ŵû֣һؽͲСЫӾȻѾˣ˲Եֻǯס壬һ̽ͷ̽ԵĳԿȥ
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123 
֪ԼֶһλСڣ ϴ裬ûվԶëĻ棬ӣ ʪë±
ڷ˿ǵйصֱɵϣؿſС̣Ҫ˯ߵĵ̺ϡ
СԲСΪС뿪еӵСѱÿտ ҲԸţ ѡСӵĿ£սսľƨꡣ
ҺС̽Ŀ겻ϣֳʮֵ˼Żأ
ΪĴ㣬Ц ڻҹ˯ܡ
С̾ͻһϣϵչ»ȫˣ ȴû뿪
Ķ䣬 ĻҲͶ仹һϸëë Ҳ
ǲǲ̫ȫˡ԰ҲΪ̵飬üûȥˣֶ˸֪ô䲻εĻ
һ㲻ַգ ݻģܲµʲô Ϊŭ
Ҫȥǰɣһ˵ﻷãǾǶס ҪǲϲǾͻ
СϺСԲϵǱߵͻǱߵ˸ǷɯһҲϵϣֻȡ
ҲɯһϢǺܽȥǺʺϡ
СҲԸһ
ûʲô֮ǣʹǱ֪Ҫȥǣһ԰ĹƼš
һʱֱأ԰԰ռ½ܼëףܼܶຣأ
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ͷǶʰˣǼҳ緹
ȻǼҳ緹һ̡Ϊлһرգ˵ܸ߼ܣ˸ιʳ
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ײͣλλССԲСϵðȫСҲϵϣСವһ´ڵؿڣ˵ʲôҲԸǸλϴš
ǽҪɵϣôʱ䶼ֻܹ⿴ȴܡ
Ȼѡ
³ǣСԲСҲϥǡ
Сɱֻ̰ϥϣȥ
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СԲСڿĳ谮Ӯһ֣СԲ˵ûС֣СԴ
ϵĳԱȫ̵ģЦſҵɰ
ллҪһСβʹ˵ҪˮһӣζӪҺ
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һС̺һСԲСϺһСֻ̿űӵ̣һ˿⡣
ӪҺСߵġ
Ա㣬༸̵ֻСƤӣ˯
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治ɵóͶĽĿ⡣
ΪЩˣ΢΢һۿ
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˸о
뵽Сֱܷ۰ӣȻ˳ſһƨɶڵϣʧɫףøų̵ٶȳǱܹȥ
СΪųⷴӦײײںţСĵˣֲ֪ȥĶֻںСȰԼȥ
ϣ֪ȥĶˡ
СܵߣСץסĿţˮĴ۾Ͱ͵
εһЦԼһҲֵСȥǸˡ
סϸĿ˿Сܣʵ𣿡
һ㶣漴ͷ
ʣҿԱ𣿡
滹û˵ʲôСܺ˼æë׵ϥϲȥ
Ը⣡Ըĺ
ͲͶ˻ģǣЩʣԼҵСӾȻôϲһİˣԸԼ
ҪԼһЩҲǲܽܡ
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⻰СܱС̶ֻܱ󣬱ڻռ˺ôһλãܡѹȡľС̡
ҲС̺øˡ
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һֱһֻ
ôһ룬С̱㰲ȵĴ̻鶺ŪһСϺСԲ
СſԺ˺üܵǰδеСܰݵðԼĴβ֮ãߣβͣСӣȫԱ߻и硣
ķ棺Сûĵġ
СǲܺһλˣֻЦЦȻͰСиˡ
ֻëëСܣҲ˯ˣסĵߣë޷԰Ρ
ڼ仹ҪֳΪˬС̡
ֱǽѾۼ˺ôһȺ̣Ա˵ʱ򣬾ķ֣ԭǶһ𣬾ȵĿĳǵļĵλϣżǸͶĽĿ⡣
ֺгһĻء
ǽһڲǷֱֿȥĿĵأҲƽ̨Щǵźõĵط
ʵܶڵʱյϢʱ򣬾Ѿȥǣ˺üҺ÷ӻš
֮󣬷ֻһСиͬС԰ϵʱûˣתӣӵĸִͳһģɾΪ
Ҳ͵ˣɿöȵڶһ磬ʹС߻һ̣ȥݷøڵλھˡ
壬źܿͱ򿪣һϤվǰ
ǼװܾȵĿȻһӵ
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124 
Ϊֱƽ̨˵ڶ ҲˣûǴǲġ
Ǵܳȥģ ˼¾ȥ
ôܡ
ϧǣ֪Ҫȥǵʱɵÿʼġ
˵ǵһȥǣ ᲻᲻ʶ· ᲻ᱻ۸᲻᲻ϰǱߵ
֪ĵطôһʵĵһϣȻǾ˵Լ
 Ȼо
ȻͺԥǽƱǰȥƽ̨ŵסַ Ҫסĵط˵סӣ ʵʼǱסģ 취λһ¡
Ȼڷڴֹɵĵȴĵ
ȶ˺üˣ
ڵȵסĶǼſӱϿֵȷԺ󣬵˷ܵûԭΣ 侲
ͷֿѾȫܿˡ
ɳóɼ飬ӵȫû ĴˣøƬֳƵģӻͶӰǾȻ䣿
ɵˣ
ֻҪôͰ
ΪˣǲûеϾȥס
Ϊʰӣ òһϣʰˣѾ
ǻƣմ㻻һµ·ٴͣͷſڰ
ʲôû룬岽һܹȥţ͸һӵ
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Цõͬʱ˳ȥˡ
ȻܵⱲдǲһ߼һ̲סɳͺˡ
ǵԭǹʿ棬ʱĿƲסԼҵĳ嶯ɡ
ۼˣòǱĴϾͰݷߵھӣȻȥɢɢ˵ԽʶһСˡ
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Ҳһ˼Ҽ緹ܸǵǿǸˣ뿪֮ǰ͸˸һС
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ĿתƬεزˡ
ףһ˯ڶ
ʱ򣬸ǻò˯ôʱ䣬ûоԽ˯ԽԽ飬履˵ĸо
о嶼ѵõǣһҲƻ˼ҪҪȥѧһٵĿγ̣ԺǰͿµӡˡ
޳ʱ򣬻˲ˬ˼㡣
Ҳ֪ô£ȥݷøǵʱСûȥڴϣʾ˯˵Լȥһ䡣
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ͻؼҳ緹С̲ڼңֻôСȥǸС԰ˡ
ڼŰݷõĳˣ
ܿʧ

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ȻֻЦž˿ޣѾһ̡ˣҪȥ涼ûķݣ
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ȻȻִϵǸСİûйɵĶ
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СİһҪļûУͣһ˲ȸˡ
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С̵˺üӣҲûõķӦ²ʣ˵ҶûԷ
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СҲҴ˵ҵ츳
ˡ
С̲֪ǸΪôԼˣΪһ㶼ԸԼݶʧ䡣
ͺܿװԺȻСڵ˲٣䲻ء
ֻҪ󣬾Ͷovo
֪ôģС̻ھҵҵĸԼŵǰ׼
ˮԶ
׽С̿ԺʵҲСΪʲôôί
Ѿ극ɵС̿˵Ҫݷߵھӵģڸڴһ磡
ԷҲûң
ȥҲûң
ûעĵһ䣬ֻΪǳԴˣڻþƬ»ȥĶ㣬һ㣡
˯ɣǻҪȥݷһھӣϾ˵Ҫ˯Ҳһ
֤С̺ߺ˯˹ȥ
Ȼڶ죬ȷȥݷһλھԺС̾Ųˣֵֹġ
˯
ӱ̳˭ڿҲȥģ˵˯Ҳôȥ
С̾סӣͷ
Ⱳû飬Ϊ̫Ȼѱ˺һ졣
С̣˯
Īһ㱯ЦСԴаɡСͷһƮƮǡ
һġ
ȵߣС̻Щκ룬ûҪ
̨ϳһ仨̽ͷ̽ԣڿڱС̣żúϴ󣡿㰡ɩӶߵſڰˣ
Сһ𣬶ѸٵĴӴ̨ȥ
֪﷢һУ¸ڵ壬ȴԼˡ
ȫһľ


125 
ڵװ޷ȫһ һۿ澹ȻһţеŴϵͥԺ񸴹ţ һиС
Ա˺ܶ໨ȪȪüۣܾȪĵǸԲе졣
ʼλھӲ Ȼװ޷ôôһ ؼûţҲ˼ȥ
մ˸ǰȻһƽͷС硣
ƽͷСŬֳһĨӲЦݣ ˵ã
ȫûʲôģ ֻôСǸȥ
άɶһ·Ŀбӣ ʵڼʱʹԷ ʱɵԼԪ˧Ȼ˷һ˱ȡ޲簡
ǻΪŰ
άɶأȥɵ˸Ȼ˳ȥ
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126 
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С·ûͷСԲҲʲô״̬ СϿӦá
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127 
죬 ıòɿˢһ¹ϵϢ ȻԼһʦܷϢ
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128 
ڵӰӳǺǰĺܲһ ÿһطʹúü£ϵͳ԰ѳرκģʽ
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ֺ棬Ƕά˹⣬鲻Ƕά˹ȥżھп˾ֵĿ⡣
Ǹٿ
֪Ƕά˹Ҳǳģ˼ĵͷûǶά˹ͻȻ׵ء
˵ʵЩŵˣһνӵ˵ıף˵֣ҲȻǰڵϵʱ򣬾ûϲһ˯ϲ
һֱֻ̡ڽӵ˵ıף֮࣬ʵҲûᡣ
ڿԷ֡Լ
ԷԴЦˡ


129 
˵Ƕά˹סڸľƵ й𣿡
Ƕά˹ȵһЩҪߴ
ͷǱ߰ڽԼʹȥˣ Ƕά˹ȴп𣿡
ӦûаɣպҪˡ
˼ͷĸߴǶά˹ͷЩģ ˵´ټ
Ļ Ƕά˹͵̧ͷ¶һĨЦݣͷ
ôɵеСأ˼Ƭ̣ Ѿߵǰмαǰ ûģ Ŀ
һһ꣬ Щ˿ӡҲһλа˹ļαֵ伤
סҡϲ㣡ķ˿
һԵİ׿Ҳû˵ʲôֻЦеĿţ ȴ԰˹˵Ļܺ棬˹ķ˿
Ҳ̬Ūе㼤ллϲ
˹˵СŵҲķ˿
ûСŵ˭ ֻһֻɫСЫӴӰ˹סֵֻβ͸߸߾ҡ滹ûõĶ룬Щֲ
СЫӻֱϣ βҡεøˣ
˹УСŵŵģ
ֻС˹ҲԱ˵Сŵ̫ˣ˶񰲸˹ᱻŵ
Сŵ·ǵĻҡεĶȻͣβͽֱţ߾ǰֻԲĴǯҲ
ˣԼòÿͻȻǰᱻġ
СŵԱĵͷ˳ȥְַ˹ΪΪֱֻ֣ܴϣЩȵģ޴ſš
˹֣Сŵӻ
Сŵ׼ȥȻԼԲĴǯӱͷǸϤ
ԭСŵѽ˹˵㣬βÿǷɫġ
˵ţָСЫӵͷСЫӴģ֪ԼôӦֻûͷ˿˹
Ҳ۰˹
˹ӦǵģҸ˵ģҵССŵ
˵ԼС˹ЩϲӣСŵĺܿɰһҲ󣬶ܶ£˹Աߵ˹һۡ
СŵβǷɫģĶҲǷ۰ɫŶ
⼸ֱͺСŵİСŵĶӡ
Сŵߵǯסа˹˵ôɰ
ȻŰ˹˵Ŀ£ȵǷ۰ɫúÿ
˹ǰɣ
˵Ļ˹Ʋ죬һֱ˰СЫҲ䣬ھͷûбҪôװ
˹ǰʶһΪǽʶء
˹ҵֱʶˡ
˹ͷ
˹ôϲСŵ׼СŵС𣿡̾˿˵ǲǲ̫ãСŵòײӦ˰˹
˹ʼ磺㣬ҿ϶ôĵİСŵ㣬СŵΪϲҵġ
Ĵһ£˹죬˵Щʲôͱ״ˡ
˭˵СŵҪģԼСû
ҲûʲôˣСֲǹ̶ģϲ˭ͺ˭һҲǲ
Щһ˾ȵĿǰĿһαһ̵ֻģʽȻ˹ҲΪ뻻һЩ
ڰȴ˵ǹ̶ģ
ѵʲôĵط𣿻ǰ׼ţ
Ҫ֪˹ССĿǰܻӭ̣òһȺ˿ϷƵ֮ת
׷·ûвֻЦ׳һöըҴĿǰʽһЩĶ
֮ǰȫеֻһȵƵڹţЩ
ڿʼֱģʽÿ𴲿ʼϴ
ϸϸƷζʵԼֱ𣿡
ȻԼġЦеĻص
䣬ΪģʽЩˬļλαϸֳһ˿ϲǵģ˭ûֱ˺ŰΪڵĴ󻷾ֱ˺һֱǵǲӪģ˿൱ࡣ
ܲμĿˣ˿˵Ҳмǧ˹Ͱ˹λĿǰ˿ڵġ
תֱģʽ¼ټÿйƽľͷۣܲͿԼʵˡ
Щھͷǰװģ˿Ҫ
޵Ŀ䵽Լϣ˹ɫ䣬С걳ϵȴ̲ס߬ë
СͷһںݺҧϣѪܵĿ
ʹ˹һ˲ŤһץסҪܵСֻС赽ϡ
ŭ𣺡˹
һֻס˹ð˿ϣҵʹɿ֣С걻һֻֽסһ˹ֿ˿˿ڲǺܴû°ɡ
˹˦֣Ҷҧˣ˿ڻ󣿣
Ŀģ
˹һ٣Цˣֲǹģ㡭
˹״ݺݵصһۣǲǩĺͬоԲ˺һ
СԸ񰲾ɣûҧˣҲΪԵ޹ʵ˺㣬ҲЩڣ
ҪǲĿھͿߣɲ﷢衣
׻ͷһǰ˵ôصĻ˭ԡ˹ҲյԴֻӲĳһĨЦ
ҵĴŵˣԺ󲻻ˡ
ףȥһ°ɣҾڵ״̬̫ܲʺϣСȸˡ
ţ˹أ
һദụ̂ǲǺܸЦ𣬵ʱô죿
׻ӻ֣ǰҲû֣СԸ㣬Ĵɡ
˶û˵˹ǰδеĶԭһܲ˵Ŀ⣬תԼϢȥ
˶˦⣬˹ͷڷתȦͻȻһţһԵߵײǽϣƵһ졣
ŵøСȫһ˹Ǹô죿
˹ݺݵصһۣңôԼ룡
СŲӣƵĲҳ
˹ǿ侲ֻԼûܹôίĿ䵽Сϣ·𿴵ղǸԼǰҫˡ
һ깵СطСȻô
һûȨûƵС̫ôˡ˹ȫ侲˼Ϣȥ
ӵԷϢԺ˹ЦˣһСѣܷķˣѶԷҲǷַӵ飬ҪԶ֡
ȷҪֶȥԸһС
Ǳߵ˺ܺ棬ʡ
г
˹ü
ôʲôǽӲӡ
ǣӡ
Ϣ˹׷ģżʶһˣ׼ȷ˵һصŶӣ˵ʲô¶˹ôˣǰæ
ɵú
Ҫ˹Ҳһʱ뵽ǡ
οɲһεˮôôˣ͵ſùˣǺǡ


130 
͵۹紦 ϰҾţš۹߿Ҿ ߾ӽ
⼸ڵ۹ǽӣ˫ͨѶȷĴͻҵ۽ȥ
˿̵ĵ۽ڣ صͨѶԺ ûĴ˸Ƿ
ŮͣΪʷ޾ͱˣ˳ά˶һǵıά˶ʶʶ۹Ĳͬ ǰλ
ȻһҪԭά˶ˣ
ϻΪң ά˶౻ͻضӳǶԺ ûã Ϊ̫ھͱӳѺͻص۹ˡ
ά˶ÿ쿴ֱòÿҪͿ֣ά˶ĻʱŸά˶ࡣ
ҿԴȥ μԺ󣬾ֻܵ㳤Ժټˡ
ά˶ԥĴӦˣ ڲе۹ķʡ
֪Ѿ磬Сѩ˷ܵſڴϣԽԱߵ䵽һſϡ
·ǵʱ Сѩ̲ס´ȻԭεߣҧĴβ
ѩ͵Ķ˶βͣԺһβСѩϣһԱߵƤһ
¶ԼӶôݵ
һβͳ鷭СѩŬһҧסѩƨɣֱӱѩһŲסĸѩ﷢һƵĵͺ
ˣǡ
⻰СѩŰ뵽ҪˣСѩ˷ܵúʹѩ
һ߷ӣ޿ŹϵϢ˼Ƭ̣ϢͼǶά˹
֪ǰֻսϵĵˣȥ۹ǰʶǶά˹ˣʱǻһԼȥǵء
˭뵽
ǰϢǶά˹ˣ˭˾Ӧ˭ȥά˺ҲֿҪᡣ
һ㲻ĵʱ˹˵õ⣬˹ݸԺԺͲܼá׬ˡ
Ǿɡ
޷˳ְܹСѩһĿĿһۡ
ôôɵĶӣ
ǣӰӳǣΪһʱ𣬸ģʽеСƤúڹԱϱڽϰȵƬ
ȻڶϾҪʼģʽˡ
һ磬һȺαһϤԷЩҲˣֲͬѰ
Ҳûǳ׵ĵز۲¶۵ļα˿
Ҫ̶ȥˣǻʲô棬Һòᷢ¡
ЩҲЦˣôأ̶ϲ
ԴˣֻЦЦ˵˳ͬĿ۰ﹴĶǵļαǣֻ̾˿Ķ֪еֻҪһ¶ԭΣǶֵ̣᲻Ծء
񣬰ûһֻ̣צצˡ
Żеʱ䣬ЩҲӦôһ¡
װеһߣԼи
ΪҲԼķ˿Ӧ춼ԣǵġ
Це˵ͽɣѾˡ
ȻЩȣǸŰȥǸνѣλ꼶Щð̹⣬·ʮ¿Ķǡ
Ųһ١
ǲĳɣǿջԼߣȻûƿߡ
ֵķ˿ȻҲûԷĶ⣬ڿһ˲䣬ŷϲ١
߽˾ͼվֱӺԱߵİף֡
ãҽķ˿ϲܾˣ
֣Ҳ¶һĨЦݣллϲ
Ŀһۣɿ֣ǿǿͰ״˸к
Ҳ⣬ߡ
ֱ˵ԼĿģ屣Э᳤
Цü֮ǰͺϵˣϲ˽ţҲҵ˰ס
ʲô
ǲǺ̡ļѽʵֻҪһͿȫȷˡ
Ӳ֪ԼǺ̡ҪҲЩԥһǼʵĺ̡һô죿
ַһ㣬Ǻ̡ô죬Ҳܱɺ֮ǰ˵Ǻ;øЦ
ɴ˿ɼôڻ
Ҫʲô
ֱͦ壺Ҫһëԭ״̬µģһѪҺܵóȷĽ
ûб𣿡
ûˣ
ʲôʱҪ
û뵽ô˳ǿаסԼļϲã𣿡
һӦ
ϲϲĴȥһ䷿ԭΰѶȡȡѪֻһ£ۼˣǸ˿ڣ·Լϵģһֱ۲ۣѪ˵̫ˡ
ҪôһСѪΣ
ûۣѾԱˣСĵĽӹƷ֤һʱѽ㡣
ݼǻ벹ֱʮݲŻֹͣ
εԱ߿ƷСķŽһʲô
ϧδ겹
΢㶣漴˵ҳˡ
ÿԼ̵ǼϷ涨ϡͳһʮ꣬ԺȥҲиأ
ͱδ
ģҲδ괴ҵֱҲģǲۣĻǿƽ̨ͽĿ飬Ǹ⳥
ֵףѹեͯ
ۿҪǼԣμĿҪеġ
Ҳ࣬ʱǻලĿ飬ⷢ⡣
һһȫȷǺ̡ˣ˵μֻΪ˼
߶߶죬ĺֿˡ
˻ص飬ִҿЩ֡
˹Щ˱ű˵һֱʵ˹˵Ǻ𣿡
Сһû˼ˣôֱӵʳαҲһЦ
˹ԸȻۣѵ֪Ҫ˽ôֱӵʳ˭ΰ
Σ˹ʵǰʶ𣿡
Ȼ˹ҴСϷ˹Ҳˣʶżһοֱ
״ɻͷʱͿֱ˵ҼǴˡ
ûǴжʱȷЩֱ˵Ǻ
˹ʼ磺ҲǹҴģǸֻǾôһӵٴͳļļα̫ܲʺϺദ
Ĵֱܻŵǡüǵ˵
ĿΪʲôϲ˰ѻ˵꣬ллĵĲ²⣬ҲǺ
ңҲһһ̵̻˸ֱ
˵˭Զ˹û뵽˵ôֱӣ۾ﶼðŻ⡣
˹ЦˣϵСЫչʾСŵ˵һ˯
ϲ𣡡
˹ͷӹСЫӣ˵ͷصԼķ䡣
սȥһ
¹϶ŵС곯ϵСǶά˹Ҳ̫Ҫˣ
Ȼƭˣ


131 
Ժ СָŴϵС֣СյڴϣϷƵĿ
С ھһֻ˻˵С꣬Ҳþһݹ
ɸֵĿȻƭôã Ҳ̫ˡСۣ ۲Ĳ
ٿǸ߹ȥСģСǣ ۸С
С̲⣬껹ܱ۸βȥ
㿪 βͼ⣬ Сûˣ ת¹񡣲СĴβžһԼϡ
´͵͵Ц
С·꣬Щ˵ĸоһ֣ôҪȥĳ嶯
˸òĨʲô̵Ķɣ Ҳ̡
ԽԽͿСɴ಻ˣ µ¹Ӳ𱻱˴СԸ
˹ʱ֪˹أ ֶΣܺܲϲˣС껹ǲòڻ
СǰĴβͶ˶
ôߣ濴ʲôٲԼҪȥˣС͵ĥĥצӡ
¹ԽԽȥһСţŵվ棬ָ¹ϵһ£СĶһתķ
˵Сˣȥ˯ɡ
Сһ·ܣһᣬһָ塣
С꾪һΪ᲻ԼԸ˹Ƶڻҫ΢СĴ
СĶͣ
Ǻų⣬һָֻ֣СϵβͲ֪ʲôʱȥˣëɫһ۾һ˲˲Ķ
СǾйԵ̣˹ǻкۼĶ֪ˡ
Żе}ˣȴЦˣһѰڱȥ
С̾ڴϣűӵĿС꣬Сһ֪߿϶ûʲô⡣
ǺݺݵӶԷʱԱߴꡱһ
ŹµƬС̺СҲûô
ҾȥƬڴͷϣѵ֤ء
СС꣺ǰУǻѣ
ǣǺˮԺԺҾԭ
˹һɽ̨ʣͰ¾ѵľģ͵۹ѵ֤ݡ
һ˵һѶ˹ۺڴĿһˢⲿɽ˧
ԱĻⲻǲżʲôÿ
ðҺüζΪⲿ磬ԭ
С꣬˵
˹ҡͷԣȻˣ˵ⲿԭԪ˧Ƕά˹ͰŶ

˹յߣ̶ֻ˵ĻλδԺԺѡ֮һ
Ϊʲô
˹٣ȻΪÿˡ˰ŵѡĻôỹô˧أ
Ȼ
СС꣺ôû˵£
ҵһԼһϲ׷ˣ˹˵Ҫ뿴磬ֱﴫ׾ҵĿ
ף׼׼棡Ǻദڸ
쿪ʼȥĿľͷԼֱͷԴͰ˹ͷԺ˾ȥʲôɽˣֱûд򿪣
ڱҪֱķ˿ӿƽ̨ȴҲˣֻȥļαֱʡ
һ㣺أҲûеҵӣˡ
ͻ׶԰˹أ˹ôûֱ
˹ôڣֱôŶȵƬа˹ģǽĿ鲻ɣ
Աע⵽ܰ˵ˣײ֪ˣ㶼ʼһСʱˣȻûпֱ
ף㣡
ر㣬㶼ûֱˣ
˽Ŀ龹Ȼ߸Ͱ˹һۣʵĴֱ
ȴѾõķ˿ӿ
һ㣺ڼ㣡̡ɶ㻹ǵôϱߵ
ӺһؼҳԷˣҽһҪե㣡
ɯ״ţ˵Ŀֱϣٺٺ٣
˧ƲΪҷ˸įأܲ˰ɣ
ĻһƬԹ˿ȣӿ϶ڿģұ֤
⣺ߣôɾǣͲԭθruaˮ
ҲĻˣٺٺ٣ΪֲǴһСʱǲǸñԭֲһ¡
˹ΪʲôҪԭΣŶŶΪ˸õĺദҶˣõĵݣ
ףûнлл
αҲ˵Ļĵ°⣬Ȼ͵ʲôϵɣȻݻôչ𣿱ԭΣҲԣ
һʱ䣬ڳ˹ԱαǶԭΣԱߵ̿ôֺгζ
˹ҲԭΣԭһֻޣǼʵ壬ơ
Ҳķ˿ϲһ㡣
ŵչ壬̬ӯĻһƬ
㣺˹̫ҶԼأ
ͷ̲裺û뵽ĿָⲨ˹ɣþûˣ
ñӣͣôë˿ô𣬶ұ˶̣Ϊʲôụ̂ǳʲô°ɺǺǺǡ
һЩӵĵĻԭε˹㳶һëݵĿ⳯Ͷȥ
Ҫô䵽ز
ưոݵģһҪۡ
ڳûԭΣ˹ĵװЦ˵ԭο϶ܳɣǲǻҪôŪȥ
û˹߹ȥ˵ͻȻԭΡ
Ͱ˹ĶԻûԭλе㲻ϰء
ÿرԭζö
˹һֻڰȮĻͷȻǰӣɲĭ
ҿɲһ£
԰
Ȼ󰲸˹ǵˣһŵĽ
Ϊ˰ͽȻôװ˹Ŀȥ׼ð˹еôĵʲôԭΡ
ֱ۵ķ˿ըˡ
Ŀǰķ˿кܶ඼ģ֮ǰҲֻǸֱչ̣δҲ֪ԼΪʲôܿȥôĵֱ
ӽģʽĺˬ
Щ˻еɻΪʲôз˿ӣȻʵЩˣЩ˾˵ҪǾϲԺȥ֪ˡ
Ȼ׷˺üֱǻǲ֪ΪʲôҪӡ
ڣǿ֪ˡ
վŵĵطһֻɫСӣԱߵȮҪСֻԲģ۾ͷֻצצͷ
ԱߵȮצӣĿ֮£Ϸ·һ޻ûйôĴУȮֻ۾תתžߴһڵϣצӻǿĴϡ
˹һ


132 
˹һУѧ ѾˣΪͬˣͬһš
ĿԺѧ᳤ ѧ᳤ֻţǿѧܵΣ˹ӹɣϣ
Ȼһжǰһֹˡ
Ǹͬ ѧѷ Ȼˣ
˵˹ͬһأôѷֱ̥Ƕ˺ü꣬ǰڵʱ򣬴ûȥ᳤λã ˶λֻʤΡ
˹ȻܲҲòϣ ѷһȷ
ΪԷҲˣ û뵽Ŷã ˾Ȼվǰû컹Ѹҳȥˡ
ѵң˹Ա߼ʮƵѷٿʮѾԼ
ܵǰδеĳ
˹ͻȻеĶϸֵʵߣ ԱߵϢϢһ߸ǽŻѵѵˡ
ͶԷһѵǻ̬ʧ⣬ ˹ɴ򿪹ԣʲôÿġ
ֱƽ̨һյĹ棬ֱʽգȤİ˹ֱӻ רעĿһ̨ѧϰԷֶκͼɡ
Ҳ˺ܶˣҲûʲôöĿһµļɣ˹һᣬ˳ȥѧϰ򶷼ɵ
ͻȻһ㣬һԾԼûаЩ͸
˹һ֪˭һʱ佩ӲţֱվŲ˵ô֪ûг͸
ѷֵĿһۣ򲻹ҡһģʦ̹ġ
Ȼ֪ʲôʱҲϢңһϴ˸裬ͷɫҫ۵ͷͷŪɺͶžӰ졣
˹ĿõƿߣǿӲİԼͷתȥ
ܺãѷʼͷĨˣȻĨͣ
ػȥ׷ʲôôΪĿˣѷҲǰ˹Ĺ۲Ķ󣬲˵ж˽Է֪ѷǰϴӣͻңҪȥͼݡ
ڵѷϴӣ;ȻҪʮӣ
ܱˣ
˹̬еô
ѷŪͷĵĿһۣƨ¡
˹ߺߵˢֱûһ̲סղŵĻʲô˼
ѷѾվˣĻͻȻóһܸͿϡ
һĵĻش˻ֶԶҲѧģѧУȻܽЩ˵ЩǺбҪģȥѧˣȻܳ䲻⣬Ҳûɶá
Ѹȣ̫ˡ
˹ĸ˵ȥô죿
ѷҪɡ
翴һЩɰģ滺֪뵽ʲôѷ˶
˹ûô׷ʲôҴû˵֡ҿɰݣѵʲô̵Ĵֱ
ѷܶӣⶣҰƸ㣬һҪע
仰˹Ĵԣ˵ѷԺе⣬˾ƼһСҲ֪Ǻξġ
˹ɵĿѷȴû˵ô࣬վ׼ˣ˹ְֻסæ
ھ͹עԺҪôþ
·ֵһǰҲþþȥһЩѵ˹ʼղ䷨ѷû
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ѷʲô߹ȥֱȷʼˣΪѵصԣ϶ʱʾ
ֱʼһСʱˣѷæȡԼĹԣȻرͦס˹׼ھȡעķ˿ͺơ
ߺ󣬰˹㿪ֱ䣬ȿ˿ķ˿
һǧʮѷ˵ķ˿٣
ſп޵̬˹ȥֱһסˡ
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Ҳţſϳ˰οɪܿˣְֱ֤һҵİ취
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134 
Ҳ֪Сʲô صطϢ˵໤Ȩ˵⣬ʱʲô
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ȪûбԭˣαǳֵȪˮﻮȥˡ
λ֮ǰ˹ˮڶļαһģĹӣȥʱùӴųصװԼȥƵĶҲӷøпȪ治
һ㲻ԷˮĿ־壬λαԺ˽͵ģʵҲˮԾϲˮȴûзʩ½ӽˮŶ
ķʩȻָһƵĹˡ
Ǽ߿Ƽ֤ˮǰһ
ֺĿ˺üۣһ˰˹һԭȪҪ
Ȱ˹źĻˮԶȥԺ¶һɬ
ԭΣڵˮ֮СͻȻС̳Ȧ֮رϲҲû⡣
֪ôˣС̵ԽԽ󣬲ŪʹҲ䲻ԭΡ
࿴ı仯˫۲Ծ͸ЩɫСִ̺һȦȦȦסԽ궯


135 
Сǲݳʱ С̺Ȼɿ˰ԡϣ ƬȻЩ
¶ȻͦģСϴ£˵ƤӶˡ
㲻ԭκʹһ𣡡
 ԭΰɣ Һþöûء
ˣ
ڰ˵ʱ߳³ĹԱɫ졣
ĶһۣĵǲǱݵ̫ˣǺ̡ ˵αȽСеԲ ͵˲Ƕ ⬲ Ҳûжɰͦ֡
ҪվھͷģԱΪˡ
벻ͨΪʲôΪʲôҪѲߺŽ𣿹Ա۹۱ǱǹģȴڰԿ֡
׼£ иֱ͹ڻ Ҳԭˣþûмˣ
ðɣ㲻ҪôžǷ˿ߵʹˣе顣
Ļ 㵸ߴٵ㣡
ͬʱ³Ҳ˿ŽĿϵĵĻȻԭεûôɰˣһ
֪кܶΪķ˿رڴԭΣȻֱʼþˣαԭˣչԡݵСͨ졣
˵ԭκܿɰ𣬺뿴뿴ԭҿɣ
۾˶ˣΪʲô̡ԭ˵ôɰ
๾ࣺ¥ûпЭᷢʮȺ̡ԭ𣿽ȥ
ҿˣʵҲðɣҲ˼ʮѡ
һ㣺Ǿ֪ˣҲ̫ˣ϶ء
֪ĻϹǶԼڴΪ˷ֹ״һֱɧǱԭˡ
ֻһɫûͷԱ߻ˮİ˹ΪСıˣæ֫Ϲ
Ȼ˼£ʹˮ¸ˡ
ҲþûݹȪˣԭȪˬԡۻϲţצצԡ۰ɵɷڰߡ
ȻͿ˹װƯ˹һȵСˣ
˵ţĿŵһֻצϴ˴ëëˮ˳˹üֱۣע⣬ӱڻ꣬϶ܺأ
Ѫ̰˹ѧˮϣ˹˵ȻֻõͷȴѾˡ
˳סһֻצӣ˹ΪʲôҪ֣ȥϲ𣿡
Ѻ̡ˮϻ˯¸˹˵£˹ʾԺ㻹˯ңûģ
䣬˹ͻȻе䣬Ȫôأ϶Ǵ
СĿջߣȴĺ˵һ˯ó˯š
ḧŻС̣˹˵ģǷûӾأҲʺ˯ʱͺëġ
С̺ߺ
С̸ϸܶ࣬ѵΪƤ
ڳ˼ʱֻײϣСԲСС湻˻Ȼıԭˣ
СִС̲ԺֱӾֱȥ˳СҲֻ˷ܵһͷͶСĿ⡣
ֻ̣һС̻һ£ÿοǴյϾϲǡ
СԲСϾװûпֻҪڣС̾Ͳʰǡ
ֻ̻ûСԲһֻСֹסֱۣһֻСȴϰˮ档
СԲһ
̣Ѫˣôܲء
һ㣺ҿӽģʽˣˣ໣
ӺһؼҳԷ׼ˣ׼ˣ
֪ΪʲôЩ˿ôȻ˵ԭεȷܿɰҲôŰɡ
Ҫ̫ģ˳ȥˣΪ˱ƼģﱧźܴڴһҲˣ޷ǿɰ˵㣬Բһ㣬ܺһ㡭
޵Ŀ⿴Ļһߴ򿪲ӽģʽһ룬ǹŪ飬˶ӽģʽΪΪʲôҪӽģʽ
ʱǰӽǱӵӽǣӦǱĳֻ̡
֪ǲΪȪԭ򣬴Լʼˣȵģ෴ֺĸо
Ծ첱ӣӽǵֻҲ첱ӣȻΪ̫̣ĶԣͷֻСֵǺܼԼҲд֡
Զ̵ֻĶܴ룬ǻε̫죬еΡ
εһ˲䣬ȻоͷСֱ£һ£·𴥵һ㣬ԼĴֲɵýһȴ¶еˬı顣
ֻһ¾ɿˣеʧ䣬žͷֻȥֱǰ޻ģʵҲǡ
СԲˣɿСԲĽУſȻһ֣չȥ
ëë˵СԲҪѧԼԼСԲСַԼϣڵλãҿˣҲצצԼϣһߺŽСԲһࡣ
СԲ۾ܴ󣬰Ķúϲѧϰ˵Ķ˰Σֶܼ򵥡
ȻڵСʵ̫ϾͰһˡ
˺üζûɹˣСԲϣֻСְԼϣȻצӰȥסһߺŸһ߰ʱʱСԲô
Ļϲ֪ʲôʱֻʣǼԾֱ
Ȫŵ߲ɵĸĪʵҪ˯˸Ƿ͵£ԭεһ̲һڴϣֻһŹԣȴ˯һ߸ʱʱϵȣһһݡ
ԾСԲ̻ˣְСְֽ̣СϺܿѧԼСͷͷ̫Сˣһʹȫ
С겻֪ʲôʱԱߣڶỤֻ̄ܣצһһĿӣһ룬ֺܿ쵯
С꿴һһ㶵ģûع񣬷Լˡ
˵СҲѧ𣿡
ѧʲôСͷԵĿԼǱȪݳëˣе㲻ѡ
ڻ²צӣԼţ̵צȻСҲjioëëë࣬ŲԾ
СѾȫӲˣ
ûпôǻͷһƵĽ
һ⣬ûаצˣȻС껹ţ÷·ݽȥĿӡ
ȵС귴ӦצѾƵԼϣڴĿҲԼɡ
ԴӳԺСҲûôɵĶҲðɡ
Сţ۾΢΢żȻͦ
뵽ûʶԼСͷſָԼżҪСԴԴ⣬ΪʲôΪƨɰ


136 
Ǽ һ䷿ﲻͣôǽڵһ޼ɵáüͷýģ һڣ˹Ҳ̫ˣɵ𣬽ϲٸˡ
һͶ䣬 ҲŲɧŵʹ飬 ܶķȻʦٱǡ
ǺǣϷвϷİ취
Ȼŷǳʱ ˹·ߵúúõģͻȻͷһ١
һ˴ ֻñͷһţ ֱ˵ˣ Ŷ߶µֱ̯壬˧ѱñףԱ߿ֵ˺ݺݵʿˮ
˹ܲùĵһΪ̫Сҳͷһ٣ò״ͨϵᵽ˷ Ӳ˵ɳˡ
Щƨ˿ǵķˣʲôϵ
˹˲ǵѪ ڽ䲻˵Ҫʦƻڸң ˹⿴ĳλãĳ׺ݵĿ⣬һͬʱȴ
ܿ뿪ˣʦֻǰʱѣԷ͸Ҫ߳ɹֻ취ط
ȥȥ۹ȥǵ
Һһж˰źˣ˹ǸæϻǮȴ˵æԷΣԾӳȥ˵һжˣ͵һõʱ
һ޸֮˵Ȼһܳȥб˰æ˹ֿ˿Ǹˡ
˵ǺϳĺҪԱ֮һٶ꣬ǻᱻصɻң˶ˡ
ԷȻԴУԽʱ˳˹
˷˹ӷˣĵȴڣϣΰѵʱ˹ͱƵĿڼϣعѾվ˼档
˹㱵Ļͷŵļҹľޣڳ˯УûΪ˵ѡ
ô򵥵ܳˣ
˹ع񣬸տһǰȴͶһƬӰ׳ͷϵļ̰ĵñҪ׺ݡ
㻹ûˡ
һ˵ţ˹ൽԽԽԶĵط
ֱһƬĻ˹űڵϣ˹־ĶһһҲѾǮ𣿡
׳ޱ飺ǵģҵĻû
һ໰˹еǮˣھȻҪۣⲻǮ
Ⱥɶģµµǿ
׳ؽڣֻʣ
ֻ뿪ȥطǮ׳ô뿪ǿ׳ǿ׳Ŷͷߴȴʶ̫ǿӲĻᱻõ׿㶼ʣ˹ʹ
ҿٸʮ򡣡
֪˭һЦ
׳ϵıͷβûб仯ȴͻȻ˹ǣ˹λá
ȻĳԽСͷ˺ݺݵرһ׳ı˵²£Сڳˣ
׳Ҳ²£ֱȥζþò
ɵʱ˹ľսŲȺǿע⵽Ȼû˼ͻȻһӲӲĶͷһ
˹
ְ˹ӰվѾ˵Ե˹صһȺм䣬˹Ⱥˣֹܴ
˹Ǹӵˣ
ôӣ
ӦþǸƬͳ
иƬϻ̲˸ɵ·˹һۣŰɣûϴôƬϸ˧ء
ϻˣְ˹˹οȥúʰȻ˰ܻӵʰһ٣Ͳ֪
˶û飬һȺ˱˹صǵפ㣬ĦȭƵ׼ʰˡ
ȥε²²֪ôǵζˣְ˹е˭
ѵһλŮ
̫ˣְ˹ǿǴȻֱ˺Ƹ²£ļȿطŰɣ֪Ҫ
û¸ɣ²µ㿪طţûӣŵüͷɿ٣ﾹǰδеƽʣ֪ͿŻ˯ȥֱֻյСӣԾ¶һĨ΢Ц
澹Ȼ˹ԽϢһƬ˹֮ǰΪıɱץз˿취ֻ֤Ҫ֤⣬ǲСʳĳֽҩ
ȻȻᱻѺ岻Ϊƣܱڼá
ȻڣȻԼˣ
ڸϴصķ˿ţ֪ôųܣλڰͨϵķ˿ֱš
Ϣʱ򣬰׻˽¸ˣڲҪ侮ʯ˹ñ˲ȣҲѾˣķ˿Ҳйڣϻʭһ˦ѡ
Ǻú¼ĿҪһ١
˰׵ľ棬Ŀ鰲缦ȷѪʱÿճ̾ǳԳԺȺȣٺС飬ھͷǰദ֮Ȥºܰ顣
Ȼĳ˲޿κεĸ顣
԰ʱ򣬱Ӧÿ˶ԼСȥϷڣüαűܣ¶ڳϡϢ
ʵĿⲻƮͬһط
ڴŽĿһˣɷǳǵϲھ̽Ժ󣬷ҲϲǣǾͶˣһпգȫۼߡ
ڵҪչ˼ļֻ̣Ҫչ˽Ŀֻ̣ÿ϶׺СëţαȲѡ
ҲǽĿԺǻᱻóֵ档
αҲΣָάֲܾãͻᱻ顣
ڡ
ԭεȫǲɫĳ棬Цų֣һ氡
αǼ±ܣȿֺļȥһԭſߣҪһĻԱĶƤſһſһ
ʲôӣʲôӲruaģܷ
ǰʱֱ䵯ĻϷ˿ǼʵĻɵ°ˬ
ǿӽģʽôÿ춼ܿӣ󣬺ٺٺ١
ҲһգҵСʵ̫Դˣ˵ǣ̶ֻతˣֻС̶Դף
ദһ˶ֻС̵Ŀ
ЩʵеǣôӣôôĻء
ССķҲֻǷ˿ǵ٩һССѣڽĿԽԽ֮ķ˿ÿ춼ֱڲ֪ĳһ賿ķ˿ݳˣһԾΪڵĵһ˼ʮ˿Ĳࡣ
պñҲˣۿƣǶά˹ϵֱƽ̨ĸˣ߶ԷǸ⽱Ļ
ӵϢķ׶۰£ĳ˽չŶ
ϧ֣׶㿪ڵĵһϸĿ˿λϢȨΧڣȻܿϸϢȵĲλĽٶȣȵǣǶά˹Ȼϲˡ
Ȼϲˣ
ȵˣһʹ٩Ƕά˹׶ҲʼϾʱע
ı뿴ôֱ˿ٶôģ˵һͬ·ӵ׬Ǯ
ȻԺÿ׷ֱϰߣʱ򻹲ϧΪ˿ֱƳٻ飬⻹ֹȻɹؾȻһ·ûܹٸƵڶ
ٳһһˡ
һ޶飬׶˸߲ҵ֪ͨ˵һһ⽱Եõһʽ
ʵְȨһǶά˹׶Ϣˡ
ǵ̫
ûȥǶά˹ߡ
õϢպʹҳ극ص䣬ڴϣСԲСϱԽ޴С̼һߣСﴧܼСԲǵλá
СѩС궼ֻſԱ߰ĽС
ѻˣڽĿ̫ˣΪԼεġ
ⱾҲǺҪܺǸ⽱ʲô
ƽ̨ϢȣҪżؼҡ
ѾǵĴˣ׼ٿ쿼죬һϲĵط򶰷ӣԺͿһֱסˡ
֪ͷСЩ鶼ܺãǸоԵġ
ܿͱƻΪ˳ű˲鵽˺ܶණܶH飬Ȼ±ྪһ亹
ǸʵұǰġǱȥ˵õϢʵѾڼʮˡ
ǰһоԺֳȥһˣǽоԺΪоֳ֢ɣλԺΪ֧ºɣɾͱżȥˡ
û뵽ľȻ͵͵Щ˲ĸǳ֧ʵ顣
ΪʲôôɻʵһԺյĲԺԺһμεԺ£Ҳ۵㣬Ϊʲôôֺõ顣
ճΪĶû
ĵȥֻһСӣȻСӺ˿֢ȱ˶עһ£Ϣȥˡ
֪һֱʵΪһֱûиȥĶӾٰ
ҶΪʹ̣û뵽ΪӾȻû
ûȻҪٰ
Ƕά˹ΪԪ˧ʱѾλϴ˼ʮ꣬еĺۼڸˣҪǶά˹ṩһЩϢҲܲ
յԾƮԪ˧ϣ뵽´ЩļŭͬʱҲĪ
һϢҲҪ˵ǵʵҷݣǻɶԷ֡
˵仰һֱĬŵǶά˹Ȼ̧ͷŭ𣬡ң
ʵͨʵ飬о֢ǱߴϢ˵кܴһ̡
Ȼ̶ŹտϢʱ򣬲ֱӴ˳ȥʵҸˡ
Ԫ˧ʲôʱ֣
Ƕά˹䵽УɲھͿ׼ˡ


137 
ǸһŻϣ һоԺԼҹţ˲ںǮں飬 ȫһΰоС
˵ȴôΪ˷طˡ
˵ŻԴӱԺ Ҳû; ҲûпӶԴǵƵأǵĴӦòᱻ˷ֲŶԡ
ȻȻôֹۡ
ӵĵͨѶʱҪоԱš
ĴûιԼݣ ˿ıΪҪоԱ˵Ļòôÿ
ʲô˼Ϊʲôܼоȥˡ
վǰоԺҪˣ 侲Ķ˵˷ˣ ҲΡ
ЦһҪͣо ھȥΡҲоԭ򡣡
̧ͷͰʶüʮˣΪоڰĵİ»ͻƣȻ
˶뿪һ˹ţ ֻʣͶӰڰеİġ
˲˵һʼߴˡ
ģʲô˼
ˣȻо֪˺ܶණǵķˡ˵ ¶һĨʵ飬ôõ֤òϣܺնȷģ
֢ǵû̫ϵ ӦôӾ֡
ʹ֣ⷽҶˣ֤оͣ¡
֪ζʲôζǰĶˣһеŬҪ¿ʼûǸ
Ǹ˵ģ뱲ӶʵϣڲŷԼķһʼʹˣôȥ
ĵǺƽǰҸǷϣ㲻˵ǸΪʵܺҿ԰Ū
Ļ۾΢㲻˵ҪһʱŪ᲻ᱻ˷֣
ģȻа취Ϣ䣬ͨѶҲҶˡ
ҶͨѶİڰ칫棬Լ˷˼Ϣ
Ϣȥѭ浸صĴһ񣬻ؼ·һĸӣѧε·ȣĸεıڻΪױļסڸżǡ
ӿĸ׼ϣȿϵıú˷ܣԶԶĳ˸񣬺ЦĸСĿ޴
ĴĿ䵽Сϣ΢ЦųǵͷڳԽԽԶֱؼңϵıԽԽߵ¥䣬վ˺ܾã鷿
ֽһֱص䣬䶼ŽĿõĳ仯仯ķǺһͿԱߵش˰ŷĴ䣬䵽ذϡ
ʱ˴ˣĵȥ
ֱӱԭΣżֻںϣԼһǰƮЩӣȻ޶һ͵طܿܶ羰ɶġ
Щˡ
СȦ˽عβͼͷס
Ҫȥ϶һ𡣡
С̷·ϵĻţ˲ë׵С䣬ĶÿλطһС̫ССһھܺס
ж죬СպöסֻС䡣
СҧĶ䣬ΣСԽԽϲһЩǵľٶռúǿ˯ʱֻʲôСԲСССѩȫ׼ϴ
ÿ˯ǰһսҪСѩС̣⣬ÿζСѩʧܸա
ˮͻһ㣬СֻĬĬܡ
һίòеСѩС̾һ
Ĵϰ˻ܴߣ˸ǷǶȦԼѹǾͱĵطˡ
ϺһƬֻëһ𣬷ﴫϸϸĺ΢ĵƹչֳһƽĻ档
˵ĴӰϢĿ֪޾ںڰ˺ܾã˶һۣϵһŴǵصĳȥ
䵽ˮϣž΢ĵ⣬䵽ϣᱻ˲Ρ
Ȼˣոôһֻӵĵطֻʣ²ϱȥ˻
ɻĿһۡ
ǵõϢֻȣȥ԰ʦӦ޸֮׼壬ֻ־ܡ
Ѳǿˣ
ɫһ䣬Ҫغȴһֻצס󾱣춼ûͱˮС
μӴ˴жģ϶ҲӾˣڱˮеʱҪѲϵȡ
צڴʱȴѲԽԽһֻצȦסĲʹһһѺӵһߣ˾ߣȻȥһ
СǱڴñӶţССѩĿΧ߸
ܿЩˣС̱죬ָֻƽʲôûз
ԭΣСϰѼ̶ֻ࣬ǽһС˯档
Сͷһûж˯ڴϲ˳ţԷΪ˱ļ⡣
СҲ𽥰ŷ˯ȥ
ƽĺС۾ͫںڰŹĹâ
ЩģҵģСĴβһ˦һ˦ڴϣΪ־ͷ棬СҲҶ̫
ûлش⣬С̴ߣΣͷרעĿһ
Ŀ⿴СֱüСȻ㲻ʺ
Ƕά˹ƳһۣСӳȥû䵽ˮϣ˽סСꡣ
ŭС̧ͷһǶά˹ǸĸգհڻѵЦһڴþò
Сݺݵصһ£ȻǶά˹ʲô
Ƕά˹ûȥˡ
С꣬ҲǰЦһұȥͲûȥ𣿡
Ƕά˹ֵĿһۣҵȻҪȥԼȥ
˼СĿԽǶά˹䵽ϵϣһ񣬾ֱӱմˡ
Ƕά˹˵Щӵļſڡ
ҧŰǣ죬ϴ󣬶׼ˣʲôʱ֣
ٵȼ졣
ɻͷΪʲô
Ƕά˹һۣ죬һͷԽˮһ
ϵ˺ЩˣǶά˹æ߹ȥԭȥ˲ס޴ɣ˯ȥ
ڶһ磬ϸϷ飬˯Ժģʰ˾ϴ˯ˣҪȴҲ֤ݡ
ЩҲ֪ûǱˮˡ
Ե޹˰ҹ鷳һرٱ˷ӵıȻҵˡ
¸˵һ£Ӷ˺ܶౣڣҲҪڸλα䡣
漰ȫҶûʲô
ΪȺ˻һжû뵽ֱĿ¼ƽȽӽ֮ˣʲôûз
̳Ƿһ¡
βԺԺıμӻʵ飬֤ȷ䣬ɾѡ˰ٱµѲ飬
ѾõԪ˧Ƕά˹Ϊ֮ܺһ֤ͥо취ֱͥ
ӿ
ţбңԲۣʲôȴţԪ˧Ȼ֮ܺһԪ˧ǺôΪܺˣ
磺¥һûпͥļǶά˹СʱץʵңԼӳˣ֪Ӣ۹ˡ
Ԫ˧
٣ȻԪ˧ԭεͼƬòҺòңʵҵҲ̫̬˰ɣȻôһ̣
ʬ⣺Ԫ˧ԭôе졣
Ҳţһ԰ĵıôãôܲμӻʵ飡
˹֣԰Ŀڼ͵۹սˣֺ֧ƽ⽻һ˶Ŀ˺öˣ˻μӻʵ飿ϣܱ
ںڿãôͲܣҿǱ̫̬ˣ֤ݶôˣԪ˧֤˾޹İɣ
۵Ļô֣ⳡ԰ıĻǶά˹ȥ˰һ档
ΪǶά˹ͻȻĻûü׼ûüϵĵͱѺϷͥͥһԲӷŭ㱣Ѿƽˡ
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˵˰ΣҲòӦ漴ͣõ
Ƕά˹һۣΪ붯ǸСǸ
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˵ʲôǶά˹˵ҵѲסĶѾˡ
仰ĵıȻŤվ嵽Ƕά˹ǰȴס˽ףŭ˵ʲôû
ĶˣǰǿȴԼĶӱһ˲˹Ĺ
Ѫ˿Ҫͻ۾Ƕά˹ָޱ飬ֻ߰Ϣѣ֪ġ
Ͼհܹ䣬Ҳʮ꣬ôʱ䣬㹻ûԼµ顣
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֮һ£ʰĵľɲǶά˹ЭԼܲˡ
죬ӵֱƽ̨֪ͨƽ̨⽱䷢ʹԱʲôԱȴҲ֪
Ǻܺõ飬ϻص⽱Ǻܲóһٷ˵ҲǼʲôء
Ҳܺ棬Ͱ٣͸ƽ̨ĵַȥˡ
ΪԱרŶҪһȥСԲǽСչˣСǰһȥˣ뿪Ҳû˵һھʣСԲСϻСѩ
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138 һ
ֱȦͻȻðһ⣬ ٶȿǽ̣ݾȻֻߣëףߣëôÿ
ɭ֮ǰ˵һһͯǣ ûнȦȥԭеķ˿ϴرˬ ֱδйܼ ˿һһ࣬ܿѺܶ˦
Ϊڵ˷ּƻѷ˿ˣķ˿Ҳֹܿע
˵ôߵ㣬 ɭ˵һȵˡڲϢ˵Ǹ⽱ǺԪ˧һ۲ͣ
Ԫ˧ɭʾһˣ
Ȼڶ죬 ͱĪһ˸ȥˡ
ȥˣ Էķ˿ÿٶֱ ɭ˿Ҳ׷֣
Ҳûз˿٩ɭƽʵܲˬ
ƾʲôһȻԳ嵽һƬǸװ׾Сʲôϡġ
ԽԽþɭս
˵սҲϻˣ ǰҶսʿʲôģ ֱ¸սԷˣͿڷ˿ǵΧ´һܡ
ӮҲûʲôӮĽ
ϻ˵ ɭֱǱ߷սȻ˽˺ü죬Ǳ߶ûлǿԼ
ɭǰδеķŭˣȻ˽ܣֱֱ䣡
ͻȻߵҲǺµģһߣСѩһ֯·ֱͻȻһС򣬸ߡ
Ǵ˰ɣ˸ǣûʶ
ֻ˼һ룬СҲβ;ܾ󣬷˿Ƕûע⵽
СһۣջĿרע֯ë¡
ܾ˵ɭܺãˡ
ǰ˿ǿһ˵˭ɭķ˿֡
Ȼ˾ܾɭߣ۰£ɭͨĲˣˣô죬ҪҺ˷ܸ¸¸£
sosȻоܾߵǱҲ̫˰ɣɭ໣壡
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ڷ˿ǵĴߴ£ɭ˶Էֱ䣬ڱˡ
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ʱ֯ëΪҪ֯ëֻ˵ȤȻϲ֯ë£
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˵˭ⲻҼҿɰ֯ëѽ֯˿һأҪ
˧Ʋ費ǺܾòֱȥֱͿ𣡿ɶë㲻һҾͿ޸㿴
ԭѽϲȻˣ໣ϲ
sosҰӣ
һ㣺ٱǣ˵һôϲ͵͵߹
Ļɭ
ΪսģʽǵӰͶ䵽һԱȫǸִܵģռҵһɭĲˬҲⲻ٣ЩµƵ
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֯ëµĳľͷͷԼ֯ë¡
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ЦˣͺˣǾͿʼɣ֯ë÷˿Ǵ֣˭ĸ˭Ӯˣ𣿡
ĪģɭЦЩҲͷԣл㱾ӦˣӦѾ̨ϣ֯ëˣ
һƬûȵ̨ע⵽Ϊ
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ë׼ҵϷɭ仰ʶȫûо̨ϱ֯ëʲôԣͷ֯ú棬ôһѾһˡ
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ע⵽Ŀ⣬̧ͷɭŷ۾ԲԲģͫǺټĺڣϿʱĳҪС
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ɭȫ̻л㱣֪ϦϦֱֱҪʱָŷӦһץסֱۡ
ͷĿ
ͼλӺ֧֧ΣȻ˵»ػһֱ𣡡
Ȼԣϲ֯ë𣿡һ䡣
ɭЦҲͷҴӦˣԼҲ֯ëµ˵һ飬ԣѺõһЦ»ؿһֽҲܺ档
뿪ˣɭվں棬ͶӰ뿪̨ԱյߺɭС˭
һ
˵˱ɭһǫ᷹̃̄£ü۴̣׼ң

߶кܶ˲֪ķգʱǶά˹һ졣
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˻εԼϲֱֱľ硣
СϵƬЩǳʵƤǲɵ̫Ƶˣ
Сû˵ֻǰĲ˲ָŲְָõĶĶҲЩ
С̶Լһ֪ҲͲϹˡ
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Ժһټģ˵СѩҲһϵ겻ɢˡ
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ĸףĸ׵ļãԷļƣСϵļڷɯһĵλֱͣǺ̸֪ΪʲôСϻ䵽˷ϡ
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ǸӵС͵ȥˣǵĵкܸߵӪֵЩ˻߼ںȥ
˭Ҳû뵽СϾȻƿˣ
λĸҲţСĵһӣΪѾزˣǰʱڴһ⣬ڲпչСϡ
ˣûм棬СҲʶĸ׵ֱһĻϲԾ¶һĨЦݡ
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֮УҲܸȤ˵뿼һ¡
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ҪǼ໤ȨˣȻͻȻϵˣһͨͨѶĲѼ໤Ȩ
ȻǸˣи໤ֵֹġ
ȥ˵Щʲôã˵Ȼôˣ¾ô˰ʵҲǸѡ񡣡
߶߶䣬ҵͨ
ûºۼֻһ죬ҪһȥɯؿʱͻȻһš
ż˵ɩӣȥԪ˧ɣڵˣ
ҲʶȻеԪ˧˭Ϊʲôɩӣҷڣڵ˻
ձʾˣһͷˮʱֱӰ˿ˣСĿ뿪¶СԲв֪ʲôʱֲ˵С̣Сߺܶ̾˿
ڵĳЩ˻иָֻһ֡
е˶챻˽
طԺˣǰ˸޷һϤķӣɲϴȥڰݷھӣҲǶά˹ļ
Ƕά˹ضĳֿռװãϻؾˣع·ȫ෴ġ
ԽмǶԽһϤϢԽǵصѹ
ƿŽȥһƬڣʲôڻžһ´򿪵ƣǰһ౶С̣Ӵڵƹ޴ݲأĿ⣬ͼԼɳ档
ƵİԼҵõǣüЦˣǶά˹ڣ
ţϰβȥȻԼڵβ̫ˣס
ʱͷԵĴͷ
ȻеɰѰ˼š


139 
û˼ ߴչϣ治ɫסߣ ˳š
ϵĴԽԽƣĬŰ¥ķʵʲô𣿡
һϲʹ˹ȥ ˲䡣
ˡ
ڽʱ ԼߣëַɹĻһֻڷڵĴϵ궯
Ժ춼ˣۣڴߣ ߺϢ߹ɵĿ ʣµɰм䣬 ·һűľ
࣬ Ȧ󵨵ĥֻչʾһԼַ
ʲôʱ˯˶֪
ƣ˯úܳʱ򣬲Сƣƺۣ Ĵ˴
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ĵΪʲôҪ㡣
պСǶά˹ˣ˵˵Թ
㲻븺𣿡

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Ƕά˹ѹڴϣװɬûȥ¶Ŀ븺𣡡
ʣȻóԣ㿪ĸϢڰһȻ֡
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Ԫ˧ѷ૵Ҳΰɡ
ʵ̣ܲⲻΣǶά˹ĳߣѷò롣
֪Ƕά˹׷ѷϳǰżޱײУ·˵ôµ֣
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ѷ֪ģﲻһϻûǶά˹ɵ£ܽսжǳ޷ģϣϵ㡣
Ҫһ㣬򲻹Ƕά˹ֻŶԷ
˽ս˼ñ׵ѷֻܿź𣬻ѧУѵֻһܴħоȳѾȫǶά˹˵ʵˡ
ҴҶûִҴҶȥľٶɻ󣺡˵˼𣿡
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ĽԼ˫̸֣ôtvt


140 
ӽʱ ׵ĽĿ¼ԲĿʷߵۣҲӵ˸ķ˿
ķ˿ȴЩ춯 ھٱΪ֤֤ݷڷͥϣһ֮ڿԹ˷Ķȥһʼ԰ΪķŭǶΪʵˣ ر̲˾޴ͬ顣
ڵ֪뿪ʵҵ̶˲̶ͬȵĲ֢Ժ Ϸһļ
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Ƕά˹û飬Ȼͳ
Ϊʵԭڹ϶Ƭ ҪΪñ˸̵ʶĵС
Ȼڣ˿һƬ˼
ҵˣ֪ǲҵĴ ôԪ˧ԭأ Ԫ˧̵ʱ һǸӰ
أСʱ򶼲ɣԪ˧ɫȽϳƬϵĽɫȽ⡣
Ұɶ쳴ܲܲҪɵԪ˧ôΰﰡרŽͼԱһ£˶ܿһ
һ㣺˭ˣ Ҳмðɡ
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÷Ԫ˧ͬȽص㣬ʮ֮ڲеڶֻ̣Ԫ˧ʮꡣ
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