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ݱǩ ͢ ֮ Խʱ ˬ
ؼ֣ǣԕD  ǣڡܻʺ  ϵʫʼ
һ仰飺ʦǶϵʫʼҡ
⣺ǿ
Ʒ
һԽΪںͲܻʺĶӣεĻ̫ӣԕDΪʹӭ۷壬Ӵ˼ǧ谮һ˯ȻѲ룬û뵽ʦǺպ̳УѸƷѧšͣΪ̫ӵڴҲҪŬ
ķɣˬΪλ̫ӣջĲһӮʼҪͨŬѧϰܶʵ֣ǣʵ񸻹ǿΪһ


1 
꣨Ԫ1045꣩
峿
ƫԕD˯գգ̧ۣԼֻС˫ۣ߶ʱ
һ꣬˫ۿǳˣҶ˶ʡһǰձʱ򣬿粢ô
ʱôŹȥһ꣬ʲôʱܳ󡣶һ˵ȻһӤĺΪӤʲôˡȻֹˣ˵ʵһʼĺܱﲻ֪˶ٱүȱۣǲôûıԼӤԼºؽԼӤĲпʵҲûа취ϾԼһҹ֮䳤
ںͲܻʺĶӣǳ£ΪʷϣںͲܻʺûжӡԼĴκʷϵĴЩһӦƽʱյĴΡ
ϱӣһսȦûõˡڴںͲܻʺĶ֮ǰոĺһйصľ硣ⲿʱڵڡ
ɱصƵ꣬û뵽һͱڵĶӡѵںͲܻʺĶΪԭԭӦôڲŶԡ
ˣʲôԭ򴩳ںͲܻʺĶӣѾҪˡڣҪ飬ץΪ̫ӣץץĶǳҪϾ¹
ˣ˵ʱͱּΪ̫ӡʱڣһʽΪ̫ӵˡ
ûгͱܹעΪǲܻʺڵĺӡһֱǰĴǶǳϣܻʺΪڣΪµӣʮ꣬ٳûµӡȥܻ꣬ʺڻУɰѴǸ˻ˡ
ŵ˵ǧĿ³ġһǾڲΪ̫ӣڵһ̫ӣ١ǣżȲ̫ӡû취ֻЭİϾͲΪ̫ӡ
ճû¾ͱΪ̫ӣǷǳ𵴵ģͬʱַǳġ鼤ȻΪ̫ӡΪ뵽ʷϻġ۸ıΡ
Ϊ̫ӣպ϶Ҫʵ۵ģԲġ۸Σʱ϶кܶҪϱӣһͨˣȷԼܲһʵۡ
ˣʵǳԶʱǲ顣ڣҪǵץץʲôкúõػš
һǳҪ顣
ܺúõػţ̫ӡʵʲôĶǸơ
֮ҪغúõػţҪΪڵĺӣСʱزˡ
֮ǰӺĸŮ˸ţȫزˡ
ʷҲڵӲã÷ǳѡֹˣõҲãȻҲ½زۡ
ھͷǳԼҲزۡûκ⣬ǺпͻȻûˡ
ȻԽγ£մûͰݰˡγܻصִǷǳģµγˣҲزִ׻˵ĺãţγúõػš
ڻĿϣԼһСĿ꣬Ȼꡣ˸ĺӶûлꡣ
Ȼ꣬һǳ΢Ըûа취ԼܻҲһǳ˲õ顣
̫ӵץǳĿӼǰͿʼץһڼںͲܻʺץǳӣּҪ¡ء
ץץʲôʹԺʲôĳɾͣȻǰٷְȷǰٷ֮ʮеġ
ֹںͲܻʺԕDץǳӣǰĴҲǳעǺ֪ǵĴԺʲôˡԣԕDŻץͷۡ
֪ץϻڷһЩʲôҪץʲôܡϡ̫ݡ
ԕDСϣ˼ץץʲôһһϮ˸Ƿͽ硣
˯ûãһСŮŵ˽󣬻Ůˡ
СŮߵСߣƵض˯ŵԕD
ԕDֻС־ߣС΢΢ţźһһĵģǳɰ
СŮԕDཿɰС¾ԕDûȥ֮ǰСŮȥԕDСԕD˯гѣһ
݋ݣDDô˯СŮͷվߵĲܻʺ
ԕDճʱԱȡΪԕDԭڸȡΪΪ⣬ϣܳΪµ⡣ӭϵ̫͸ԕDDͬϣԕDܳΪε̫
ܻʺСŮͷɫ˵Ӧÿˡ
ôŮԴﺬضŮ˵Ҫ̫ӵ¡
СŮͷ˵ûгѕDD˵꣬عͷ˫ССԕDԽԽϲDDÿ
վСŮ󣬵ͷҡҡԕD˵̫ӵ˯㡣
ܻʺĿֳ翴Ŷӣ⺢Ӻ˯һ˯šʮʱһʼ˯šʮʱѵʱֻһΪӵʲô⣬̫ҽ˵ӵûκ⣬ҷǳŷġ
̫ӵ˯һ¡Ц˵СӶ˯ܳ󡣡
݋ݣDDʲôʱѰСŮҲǸЩȲˣϣDDϾܺ档
ܻʺҲ֪ʲôʱֻܶԸ˵Ҳ֪DDʲôʱѣһѰɡ
ɵص˵ͷá
ܻʺͷ
ǳȥȣҪȡݵŮֻϴְ̫ӵ´ѡҪ̫ӵ˯
һֱԕDֱԕD֪㲻
ðɡ
ܻʺĸŮ뿪ԕD޹
ʱ˯еԕD˸
ݺ͸žţֻһ𴲾ͻ̫ӵ¡
һ߳ŵģһ߽صԕDѡһͼԕDûѡ
ݼŮôżǺЦΣ̫ӵӦòѣȥɡ
һ⻰СʱͰ͵ݣ㣬ڵһòãDDӦúܿͻˡƽʱʱ򣬕DDˡ
ãǾٵȰʱŮ̫ӵ˵һŮû˼ȥġʱ̫ӵûѣ͹Թȥ顣
˳صͷá
ܿϧʱԕDûڵȣǱݡ顱ظȥ顣
뿪ûãԕDˡ׼ȷ˵Ǳѵġʵƽʱ͸ˣǽǰˣȻ˯һ˯ʱѡ
ճԱھͼҴҵ
һ³ûлأųһȲشӲܻʺﱧԕD


2 
ڱӵĶǳһƽʱûٱӡͷһ˫ڰ׷Ĵ۾ͷʱһƬ̲סöͷز˲ӵĶͷ
ԕDܸܵڶϲ۰ĵ͸һ
޳ݡЦݡ
ӲÿɰЦݣڵһĶҪڻˣ̲ס׶ӵС
һԵĲܻʺݿںԕD֮Ļ˵Ҳ¶Цݡ
ڻﱧԕDԱߵĲܻʺ˵ DDľ񲻴ʵҲԕDӡǳԕD֮ǰԥһúõͻȻزۡ
ԥڵĵڶӣĺӡԥճʱӺǽûʲô⣬ͻȻزۡԥز۶ڵĴǳΪòĶӡԥȻûбΪ̫ӣǰͺ󹬶Ĭ̫ӡԭһЩٷΪ̫ӣȴԥû
ڵһֱǳѣӸϡ١ǰĴΪһֱǳġǰЩ꣬Ǽڳٳûлӣһ飬ڹҵĶӣ̫Ӹʮǰھ͸ҵһӡȵԥӾͱͻȥˡ
ԥزۺûлӵǾٴҵĺӡǷǳԸҵĺӣϾ̵ĺûԼӺá˵Ҳ̫ϲ֮ǰǸӣȻǸҺΪϻ۹ɵġʵҲ̫Ըڴҹһ̫ӣҲûа취顣
Ǵߵýûа취ҽ̬ȥйޡһǰйǻʺٳûкϢĻʱȴʺеĺϢ
ӻʺϳúǰͺ󹬶ھ޴ϲСǰĴ˵ϣʺΪټҵµӡ
Ժ󹬵˵ʺҪܵµӣҲһʵԸ˵ûΪټ»ҲǷǳѹġ
ʺУ˵һ£Ҳһ̫õ顣ЩʺһֱûлУڹΪ֮ģϣ̫ǻʺΪܼ̫ȨĶӸһǰһֱ̫ѳֳ
ȻڵЩӣܵ˵Ǹ˵ġʺµӣͲٱǴߴȥҵĺӡ
ʺкھÿĺӵ״ʺӿûг»˯õ̫ҽ˵̥Ҳǳ˲١
ڻʺµʱ̫ҽжﻳСӡϢںǰǶǳġ
ӻûгڴŵ˵ǧ谮һͬʱҲǧһ
ڷǳӻʺһ̥һֱʡ˺̫ҽǾչ˺ûʺӵĻӡֹˣԴӵ֪ʺ󻳵ǻӺ󣬹ټÿ춼ȡ֡ԼȡòãôǰȡһҲŵ˵ȡһǧ֡ˡ֣ԕDָ֡
DD˯ѳԱ
ѣ΢΢ü˵ƽDDڳʱôô˯ʱѣڲÿ춼ӣʱҲԶӵϢǳ˽⡣˵ÿʲôʱÿʲôʱ˯ÿʲôʱ˯ǳ
̰˯Щ
ﲻģͶԺïʵ˵ȥ̫ҽԕDھͷǳӣһ㶼
ԕDòĶӣԲöκ⡣
ܻʺȥ̫ҽûпֹټҶԕDDǳأDDκʧ˵ԼҲĶӵӡûйټôľԱ
ïʵĶǳ죬ûһͰ̫ҽˡ
̫ҽ׼һһ񣬾ͱڴˣȸԕD
ԕDڱڻУ̫ҽ||վһԣϸظúض˵ټң̫ӵӿûκ⡣
ôһʱ
ټң̫ӵף̰˯̫ҽڹĽ̫ӵµ飬ټңСӶ˯Ǻ¡
̫ҽô˵ˡ
տʼÿ̫Ӱ
ǣټҡ
֮ǰ̫ҽÿոԕDڸĳÿոԕDҲΪ˰ġ
ڶԥزһһֱڻʱԥӣôԥͲͻȻزۡԣԕDھ̫ҽÿոԕDֻҪԕDӳһ쳣̫ҽͱԥͻȻزһԕDϷ
̫ҽ뿪ݼڵɫЩ̫ÿذοټң̫ӵ̰˯˵̫ӵµӺã̫ġ
ܻʺҲ˵DD⺢һ˯ټҲ̫ġ
ڸ˵ʲôͱһֻС¡ţͼĶӶЦ÷ǳġеĵǲ˲ʧˡ
ԕDΪʲôôŵ޳ݡЦЦѽѽؽ
뿪˵οڻһ꣬ͻȻῪ˵˻ɡȵץ󣬾Ϳʼһһֵ˵
һˣܵľǲ˵Һһ໰ˣȻһﲻ˵ܰر
ܻʺټңDDҪ
ԕḐС֣ڵ˵ġӤ
ڵͷԼ˲ӵС֣Ȱ˵úúãģġ
ԕD⻰Цĸˡ
ڱӵЦݸȾҲɵ¶ĵЦݡ
ԕDһ˫СּڵǾڱطǳˣͷԼ͵ӵ
ԕDЦķǳݲСڵȥڵСӡ
ԕDǸӤһ˫СֵɲСЩۣû¶ӵ֣ɶӾĺӡ
ԕDźӻ񫣬ק
ӴڱԕDӲذһСƺӣ۵Ĳɵؽһ
ʹĽԕDЦĸˡ
ܻʺΪۣæĵʵټңû°ɣ
ڶԲܻʺ˰֣ʾû¡ش˴ӵСֳ˵СһﻹĻû˵ֱ꣬س¡еӴ
еĶִЦ
ܻʺ״֪ڸ档
Ц̫ӵ·ֺĶء
ȷ˺Ķ
ԕDû뵽ʵ۵ĺô棬ҷǳгɾ͸Сû̫֣˼¾ûپˡ
ԼĺӣȻղŶԻʺ˵û£ʵۡû뵽DD⺢ӵ־ô󣬾ۡ
ĺӿɲߡ
ܻʺڱӱһߣڽûкȲ裬Ͷ˵ټңȺȿڲɡ
ڵȷЩˡһ³ոֻűDD趼ûкȡڰѻĶӵݸܻʺ漴յ
ԕDܻʺڻǳĹɡ
ں󣬿ʵՕDDץûʲôɣ
ټҷģû⡣ǰʡζ֪ǰܻʺ㱨ץİšܻʺϸ󣬲ûзﲻԡʡ׼طǳ׵
ǾͺáڿܻʺеĶӣĿ磬֪DDջץʲô


3 
꣬ԥץץڵ塣
ʱľǵΪ̫ӵʱ͸ġ
ԥץڵľ壬˶Ϊ̳дͳǸʱڷǳˣԥΪ̫ӣϧûеȵԥ
ڶԕDץץʲôǳڴ
ҡоȣ˵ټң̫ӵץʲôǼõġ
仰˵ڰ˵öԣܕDDץʲôǺõġݵĹڴСһ𳤴÷ǳáƽʱڶỽ
ԕD仰ȴΪ⡣ץץԵĶĶһᱻΪǲѧӵܡ
˱ִ˻Ҫšץץ̫õĶһᱻϲõıǩ
ܻʺû˵յץץĶ̫ãһᱻպƷвá
ΪĸףöץԼϲĶǣΪʺȴϣץϴڴĶ
ʱïʵ˽ȸںͲܻʺ˸󹧾ټң๫ͷ๫
һɫ˲֪ˡ
ïʵԣ˳ȥ
ܻʺеĶӵСȰ˵DDʱ㡣
ܻʺڻԕDһ߶ڻ˻ֻС֣һѽѽض
ʺ󣬽ԱŕDDȥߡ
ǣټҡܻʺԭʹ㱧Ŷȥ԰ߡ
ˡ
ټߡ
뿪˵ոչټҽʱɫЩ̫á˵ϲ¶һĨǵɫʱչټҺæµټһæθھͲ̫ãЩĹټҵӡ
ܻʺҲע⵽ˣȹټٹʱҽ̫ҽټҿʱգǰǳ࣬ټҺʹǶǳæҪﲻģָټҰټһϲ
ҴͻȥټҰθһֺóաСϲֳʳټҳԣټҲǳϲĶһЩټҰԵĲˡ
ټʱûͰõĳʳȥȻܻʺôעǰ飬֪ʱչټҾʹ飬ÿ֮ǰüζûš
֪ˣվܻʺ΢΢񣬡Ȼȥˡ
ȥɡ
뿪վڲܻʺĴ˵ôԸټҰ
ܻʺԕDվ˵ټϲķʳǳˡķʳټҲһϲͷǳȥߡȻǰ£Щȡȥһɹһ
Ȱܻʺ󣬵ǲܻʺһ۳ŵ죬˵ʲô
DD݋ݴȥ԰ɢ
ԕD͸ܻʺһĵЦݡ
ܻʺҲ¶һĨЦݣͱԕDš
ԕD˫§ŲܻʺĲӣſڲܻʺļϣ˫ۺضĴʵܻʺÿ춼ᱧŶӳȥ߿
԰ǺԶһӺǾ԰ʱʢܻʺǻû߽԰ԶԶŵ𻨵ζ
𻨵ζǳŨңᡣܻʺͺϲ㣬ÿ춼ôȥۼ֦𻨲|
԰ܻʺԕDһͻһ߸ʲô˺ʲô
ʱ䣬ܻʺÿ춼ԕD϶
һܻʺǣŶӵ̶֣·
ԕDֱ·ڻʱֻװ·ץ˵Ȼ·Ͳ̫ͻأ
˿̣ԕDܻʺ·ŤŤţûһε
ʱںͺڸ鷿顣
Ѿʼһʱ䣬ǽеزǺ˳߹١߱߷ϡ
ïʵ˺ܳһͶŲ˽
úȺȿڲ裬ټۡ
ٶЩĽ뵽˳ûлغԺʱӦЩˡ
ǣټҡ
ïʵܿͶ̵Ľой𻨸⡣
һ𻨸⣬ȻЦ
ټңЦʲô𻨸ʲô𣿡Ҳһ𻨸⣬ϸؿ˿ûзʲô쳣ĵط
̫ӡЦ˵̫⺢ӺϲԹ𻨸⣬һ꣬ȴܳԡһܳĿ𻨸⡣
ᵽ̫ӵ£ͷǵɫ˲Щ
ټң̫ӵܳԣ˵θںáЦθںã˵Ӻá
͵ͷ޳ɣСܳǼ¡
ŷ˵̫ӵ³£͹Ե
һ⻰һȻ˵ѹϲԹ𻨸⣬ԭ
Ǳ仰Цˣټң̫ӵǲǳ˺ܶࣿ
ڰϣЩ󳼼̫ӵ¡ǾҲûм̫ӵ¡
̫ӵ£ǰĴǷǳġҲһ̫ӵµӣԥ
̫ӵ¿ǹټҺͻʺĵӣΨһĵӣǲϣ̫ӵ³¡ϣ̫ӵܽس
ǰ˺ܶࡣ˵Сӳúܿ졣
˵վ̫ӵµץ񣬳ҲΪ̫ӵ׼Щ񡣡
һʵ ׼ʲô
˵׼һ
׼һ֡
ŷ޵Ҳ׼һ
׼һҲ⣬޾̫ллˡ
ټҿˡ
ڱߺȲԵģߺͺ˵ЩйԕDȤ顣
ýζʱʱڿ̫ӵ´
һӵǻع⣬۸ղŵ顣
԰ԕDѧ·ѧطǳġ浽ʱǰܻʺűص
ԕD԰ˣص̺˯ˡ
Ȼܻʺˣʱڲûôȥ֪ͨһѰõķʳȥ
ȵߵ˰͵ʶѾʱˡ׼£ȴһš
ţûϢ£ֱδʱŽ뵽԰ûм̫ӣïʵȥ̫ӱ
ԕDûãʱ˻Ժġ
۰Ͱ͵ؿïʵ̫߽겻̫ӵ¹Ȼ˲١
ڴïʵĻбӣһ˫ۣһߴŹǷʵ̫Ӹѣ
ïʵ̫ӵ¸ûá
μ̫ӵ¡
ԭЩԺԕDһʱ˲١һ˫Ĵ۾ɻֺؿļˡ
⼸ͦ˧˭


4 
ԕD˿ǣֿ˿ڣɰСдɻ
ָָǣѽѽ˵ʲô
Ȼ˵ʲôڴŲµ˵ʲôָָվߵһˣԕDܵDDλǷ͡
ͼ̫ӵ½ԕD˸񣺡Ͳμ̫ӵ¡
ͣ
ᵽͣԕDһӦǡ¥ǡƪģѧʱ򣬿ȫıСʱ򣬷Ӧûûд¥ǡ
ԕDضŷͿﾪ̾û뵽һܼġͣ
ϱӣֻϺʷϼ͡Ⱳӣͻվǰ̫˼ˡǰķͺʷϵķ͵Ļһ
ǰķźӣһǴɣҲǸߴ󡣿ʫʼңһ
1045꣬ʷϣʧܣ꾩1046꣬дúѧͷۺµġ¥ǡǻûбų͢ûʧܡ
DDλŷޣдķǳáڷǳһһܷͺŷǡ
ŷ޼̫ӵ¡
ᵽŷޣԕD뵽ľƬǳġͤǡʱŷ޻ûдͤǡʷϣŷޱݺдµġ
ǰŷֵ׳꣬ȴһɷǵģˣ޵ˡ
λǺ
μ̫ӵ¡
ᵽԕD뵽ƪĴʡ筴ƪǺ괴ġڵĺֱ׳꣬筴мʮꡣ
ǰĺƤ𪣬忡һŵʡ
Ǳ࣬ĴС
λǸ
̫ӵ¡
ᵽԕD뵽Ǳġ⽻١ʷϣγʹɹ̸оܾҪ
ڸѧƷԕDΨһӡģдŷ޵ʫŷ
ǰĸ㣬ʱ
λǴУҶںϺʷϡѧǶǵƷ
ĸԕDǼǸӡǣĴǡӵǣϱѧʱûٱǵƷ
ĸˣһдʫдʡд£ȻùľǺѧǡ
˵ҷҪһ֣һƪõȥһۡ
ĸ̫ӵһ˫ؿǣͷһƬ
ԕDָŷǣһֱѽѽ˵ʲô
ڼ״ЦŶԷ˵DDϲǡ
Ҳϲ̫ӵ¡Ǽ̫ӵ½ãͷĲ١ټңиˡǵټҴĹҲȥùټϢ
΢΢ͷ÷ȥ
˳󣬺ȿڵ̫ӵ¿ǽо񡣡
͵ͷ޳ɵ˵̫ӵͥظԲǸ࣬һܽƽĳ󡣡Ͳóдʫд£Ҳһ㿴֮
ŷ˵̫ӵ¿ǻɰպһټһ
͵û
뵽ղ̫ӵ¶ǿСģ̲סЦ̫ӵǿɰһǵһμôÿСӡΪòӳҲǵĺȴû̫ӵ³úÿ
ͷǳͬ仰ͷ˵ԶԶԡ𿴷ͳȴǳģǳϲСղſ̫ӵµʱ򣬾ͱ̫ӵ¿ɰˡ
ŷ޵̫ӵµһ˫۾Ưġ
ͷͬŷǵ˵
ŷ˸ףǶԿɰƯСûκεֿ
Դ̫ӵ£ټҵľҲò˲١˵Ҳ˲١
΢΢˵ȷһټҵҲǳ
ŷ˵Դ̫ӵ³ҲеزкȡõЧǲġ̫ӵǴεĸǡ
仰õ˸һµصͷ
ʵ̫ӵµĳҲ⿪˹ټһĽᡣɫ˵ǰԥز۶ԹټҵĴܴ󣬹ټ˻ˡ
飬ŷҲ֪ġԥزۺ󣬹ټҲˣҲ˺ܶ࣬Ƕʱϳټһл㱵ġ
Ǹʱ֪ﴫҥ˵ԥͱ͹֮زۣΪټûжׯ̫ܲТ̾ϢһһֱټҶԼûжׯ̫ܲТһĻΣͰҥΪ棬ǳ𡣡
ʹǲڳͷûжׯ̫ܲТԲŻĺһһ뿪
ʱȰοڣ²ܹϾ֪ν֪ǣڲûаⷬȥ
Һ̫ӵ³ˣȻټһһֱڻ
̫ӵµׯ̫ܲͬһ죬˵ׯ̫ܲûйټҡۺ˵ׯ̫ܲǹټҵĸôܹټҡ
ŷ΢΢ü˵ģټΪԼׯ̫ܲ꣬߹ټңׯ̫ܲڷټҺ̫֮ĸ顣ǰҥҲ˵ģ˵֮üѣΪûжׯ̫ܲТ
˵ϣ̫ӵƽس󡣡̫ӵԥͻȻزۣԹټ˵һĴ롭ʱʲôĺ
̫ӵһƽģЩҲĵϣԕDƽ˳س
ιԕDԵġ
ԕDѣԵģͱïʵ
ϸذѹ𻨸飬ȻιԕD
ԕD˼ĵĲ¡
һ𻨸⣬ԕDųԱȻٳԣСӳԱˣʱԲȥˡ
ιӳģͱŶӳȥߡһߣһָ·ߵĶԕDϡ
ԕDܸӣСѽѽػӦĻ̵ĸˡ
ïʵǵ󣬿ټЦݵؽ̫ӵ϶ҲɵЦˡ
̫ӵµĳ˹ټңȻټֻһβ
ڿŶСϵĲЦݣһƬͬʱһƬ㡣˵ԕDׯ̫ܲ͸ĶݣҲׯ̫ܲԭ¡
ʱڱŸ˯ѵİ˹
ٰ˽Ǹ˸󹧾ӣټұ̫ӵ԰ɢ
һ⻰üͷ̫ӣ
ٰ׼˷ŭŵõͷһ仰Ҳ˵
Դ̫ӣټҶͲôġ˹򣬱ԕDһꡣ
ǰ˻˹ʱڶΪǻӣڷǳһ̥ǻӣŵǻӣһΪ̫ӣȴŮ
Ȼǹڲûֻǲܻʺ̫Ӻڶ԰˹Ĺעûǰôࡣ
ԕDڶǷǳĹĺ۰ȻЩӰ˹Ϊˣ˺ܲ
֮ǰ°ٹͱ͹ڷǳϲ۰ÿ춼ڣ˹ȴûõڵϲʱգæ飬ûҺ󹬣ҲûȻҲûп˹ǣȴÿȥԕDܲˡ
ߣҲȥ԰ĸ˹ǰ԰


5 
߽԰˾ˬʵЦСӡЦ߽һͼڱ̫Ӿٸ߸ߣ̫ӡЦͣ
ͬҲЦķǳġ
˿һĻͷԽزˣɵؼӿµĲ
ïʵԶԶؿһüͷ΢ɼ£ǹ棺ټңˡ
ԕDɸ߸ߣïʵ⻰еĶ˲̧߽ͣˡ
ߵڵǰ˸񣺡檼ټҡ
ﱧԕDڲȥˣЦɡ
лټҡ󣬾ͽصһڣϴСټңǲҺ򰡣
ڱڻеԕDһ˫Բ۾ضˡ
ǰλ˳ȴһҲĸȴǳȣǶһ֣һݡ
λ˲ʷϣҰʷڵϲԽǰĵǲļϵˡΪˣϳܻʺΪ󡣲˻ŵʱûΪġھ׷Ϊʺ
ʵȺΪλһֱʥ費ϣ󱻷Ϊʺܿж谮ϲ
˵ġʡϲ¶εɫᣬЩֺõζ˵ô򡣡
ôҺ򡣡˿ڵװͰ͵أȴ㶼üûҺء
⻰ʶԼȷкüûȥԽΡ
⼸գõЩ࣬ûȥҵĴ
ߡټңûʱ俴Һȴʱȥ
Ļû˵꣬ͱڴϣҵĴҵĴҵĴھȥ򡣡
ԕDڶֺõ̬ȣкǳԾΪڲܻʺǰû¶ôСֺõһ档˱лҪܳ衣
ټң㲻ȥҺҾֻð㡣˵꣬ʹĸﱧ˹ټң㼸ûˡ
ڵͷһȻŮЩˣɫҲЩ԰ף۵ɫȥ˹ŷԼлŶӣһʱЩΪѡ
˼ڻ̫Ӳ֣ǳˣɫҲʱ¶õɫ
ټңüûбˣ㱧ɡ
ʱ򣬰˹ЦЦֻС֡
ڼŮҪеɫ˲ѻеԕDݸïʵ
ԕDïʵʱ򣬿ǱһĨóʤЦݣһת
ڸ׼ȥ˹ͻȻӿˣջ֣תͷԕDDDôأ
ԕD˫ۺᣬ죬һͰ͵С飬һ˫С֡
ûκԥְԕDغDDޣDDޣDDޡ
ʱ˻İ˹Ҳ
򲻿ޣ򲻿ޣ򲻿ޡԽǺ˹ޣ˹޵Խ
˹Ŀҭҭ޵ۡ
ȿǰɣ
ԕDЦȿޣµġ
ɤӴô壬ǿޣ޵ڷǳۡ
˹Ҳڿޣ޵һ޴룬ؿڣټң
ںѰ˹ڻ壬ѱԕDڲȥ˹
ĸ򱧻󡣡
˶ԸȻڱ˹
ۡԕD޵ԽԽ޵Сˮ
ڵԕD޲κγɣ˵ȻҴȥ򡣡˵꣬ͱԕDķߡ
԰ˣԲһ˫۾ŵؿŶڡ
ٰ׼һŭСؿڣӣ˹пܶˣȻɡ
˺˫ۣŭһػص
ڻ·ϣԕDڿޣ޵ˣżۡ
ԕDԭֻһ£û뵽һ޾Ϳ޵ͣҪޣ᲻ơ
ܻʺ·ǶȻڻЩȣǹ˰ʮ壬ͻת
ڱſ޿ԕD߽Ѳܻʺݶŵˡ
ԕDһܻʺ󣬾ͳ˫֡
ܻʺ״ϽѶӴڵĻﱧ˹
ԕD˫§ŲܻʺĲӣСľίͰ͵ؿš
ݵһμ̫ӵ¿޵ôģǽ۵ʵټң̫ӵôˣô޵ôģ
Ҳ֪ͻȻޣ޵æңô壬DDǿޡ
ܻʺһ߱ŶӣһغŶӣDDޡDDޡDDޡһμӿ޵ô޵ôģܻʺǳۡ
ԕDڲܻʺİ£زˡ
ڲˣһ
ټңղŷʲô飿ܻʺ˽ӵģӲԵ޹ʵĿޡӶӳ˶˻߻򲼵ʱޣƽʱޡ
ûʲô顣һãȻղţұŕDD԰棬ʲô鶼ûз
ᵽ԰뵽˺Ͱ˹
һ£
׼뿪ǰʱԕDȻֿˡ
ԕDһޣھͣ
ڣҲȲҵҲȲȵǼί
ԕDϾСһͿˣڲܻʺĻ˯ˡ
ﲻģԕDǲǲ˾ְ̫ҽ˹
̫ҽҴ⣬ظԕDȷԕDûκ⣬ںͲܻʺǷġ
ǰʱʱ
֮ǰһţİ˹;ܾ롣
뿪󣬲ܻʺﻹǲģôȥ԰ʲô顣
Ķǳ죬ûһʹˡ
磬ټұ̫ӵ԰棬ûһ˾ͱŰ˹԰ùټұ˹ټȥ˹ʱ̫ӵͻȻˡ֮󣬹ټ˱Ű˹漴ټҾͱ̫ӵ»ص
ܻʺ⻰
֪ˡͻȻ֪ôء
ݿŮʵô£
DDԴˡһ˵DDһǿҪȥãԿˡ
ⷬòܻʺס ЩţԴأ
̫ӵ»ûһ꣬ͻԴˣ
ܻʺò˼飬Ϊ˵Ҳ޵
˵ǡ
ġһصͷһƶ˵DDǳԴˣõá
ʧЦû뵽̫ӵСС;ͻԴס


6 
ں˰죬ڰ˺忪ˡ
Ϊڽ󣬽ںź뿪ˣЩ뵽ǻظ£Ͳڼƽˡ
뿪󣬲ûϻظ£ȥﵣĶӣȥӣһֱǡ
ʱ򣬸ڶԕD档ǽĻЦϲ¶һĨЦݡ
洩һϲվ˹ȥ
ڸ߽ͳ˹
˫ֱڵСԴؽе
Ůͷһ˵ù𣿡
ù˰ҽһ뷹ڵĴ֣ҡΣ݋ĹɺúˣҺ͕DDϲȡ
ܻʺڵϵԕD˸񣺡ټҡ
Ҳվ񣺡ټҡ
ɡߵܻʺǰֱԕDӾ񲻴˺ܶࡣDDûٿޣ
ڲܻʺǰڣDDûпޣɹˡ
ԕDСԴ˿ڣѽѽؽš
ϸطԕDĽЩɳƣ뵽Ӧ޿޵ģʱǳۡ
DDɤЩƣ̫ҽ𣿡
ܻʺ˵ЩˮͿˡܻʺȻ̫ҽҽ飬ܽһЩ򵥵⡣
ԣصͷüͷ˵DDƽʱٿޣô޵ôĶ԰ǲǱʲôŵءСӱŵɲһС¡
ΪDDԴ˰
Դף¶ɻ󣬡DDԴףʲôף
ٺһЦDDõĴװ
ĴףһãȻDDʲôף
԰ʱǲҪã
˵ǡ
ǲҪõʱ򣬕DDͻȻأ
ϸ룬ֻ
ô˵
DDǳԴ˰ȥá˵꣬ڻԕDʵǲDD
ԕDԸѽѽؽ˵ǵġ
DD˵ǵġһ˵DDڳԴס
ʵԕDǳԴףǲ˵óѡ
û뵽ǿЦãͬʱַǳá
DD㲻õ𣿡
ԕDСԴ¿ɰСдãƺ˵ʲôǶѽѽؽ
DDڳԴס˫ֲɫǳض˵ԺڕDDǰҪãȻDDҪԴˡ
ӵС DDôԵ𣿡
ԕDֽ˵ҾôԵ
DDûСȻҪã϶Դ׵ġһ˵һͷԼ˵ķǳԡ
ھøĻмֵϾԕDǰûбӡ
û뵽ǵĕDDôԵص¶ӵСͷ
ԕDֻС֣һĴڵ
ӴڲЦķǳġ
ãԺ󲻵汧ˡӶôԵ̵ġǸոʲô
ڽ̕DD˵ָָ̺ϵ˵݋˵ÿ̕DD˵DD˵
ڵͷһŵǡǧġɵЦڽǧġ
԰ǰǽ̹ҡǧġô̺ϵġǧġ˵Ҫ̕DDǧġ
Ҫúý̡ùǧġͶԕD
ڽ˶һǧġ뿪ˡ鷿϶˲لӣȥġ
ڻظ·ϣʱʱЦ
ټңЦʲô
ЦDDЦݵ˵⺢СС;ȻԴס
ïʵЦ˵˵̫ӵºϲϣ˰ߡ
仰˵ڵĿˣû⺢ôԵԺ˵ǸС
Сðïʵ͵кӻǰԵЩá
ָָïʵһͬ˵⻰˵ĶԣкӻǰԵЩȽϺáСʱͲԵ̫ˣһֱ̫󡭡DDǰԵЩȽϺá
ټңԺɵעˣȻ̫ӵֻԴ״ޡ
Ժһע⡣
صھܺõĄӡ
ڵ̺ϣԕD˵ѾԼĹ
Ͳݻȥˣסרŵķ䡣ڲסķסڲܻʺķ
ȸһԕD󣬲ܻʺͰеǰĹΡ
Ȼ˳ڶ沢ûôԣͱĲ̫á
ܻʺش£еĵطش𲻳ûпǹúñ顣
㲻Ҫ̕DDô㲻úõض飬Ժô̕DD
һ⻰ĵ˵݋ݣһúöģȻúý̕DD֡݋˵öԣǽ㣬úúö飬ܽ̕DD
ܻʺοصͷʱ磬ȥְɡ˵ֲ꣬һ䣬ãԺܽ̕DDд֡
Щ˵ĸڱøɾãھȥ֡
ߵʱԕDкDDȥˣ档
Ҳרŵ鷿ǲܻʺΪõġ
վһԣؿŸ֡
ƽʱи֣ǲԸҲ̫棬ǽȴطǳ档
һһ裬ȿڲϢ¡
ҡҡͷ˵ڲʣٺȡ
ȣˡȰ軹ǳȺȱȽϺá
ðɡеëʣӹ裬ССڵغ
С˵һμô֡ǰù֣ú졣
ԺҪ̕DDд֣ҵúú֣ȻԺҽ̕DD֣DDдĳ󣬿϶Цġ
ǹúúˡ
صͷţһúֵġ
˼ڲ󣬸֡
ڷܻʺԕDǧġȻ֪Ƕڶǰһ
ԕDһͷڲܻʺĻ˯ˡ
ܻʺ˯ˣԱȥƫϴ
ǵ·ϴ裬ԕDѾľϰˣٺߡʹĴˮŪòܻʺϺǰ·ʪ|ˡ
ϴ裬ܻʺĴ¶ӵСƨɣС
ԕDܡ޳ݡضԲܻʺЦЦ
ܻʺӴ·ĸι̡ץԕD͸öˣ˵֮õ顣
̣ܻʺԕD˯СӳԱ˾ûһԕDͱ˯ˡ
ԕD˯źûã͹˯ˣЩʧԭÕDDд֡
ʱˣȥԡɡ
õģ݋ݡ
ȻͲܻʺĸҲǳáҲ˵Сڲܻʺ߳
ڴϣһ˫۶ŴߵСԕD
݋ݣDD˯ú㰡
ܻʺ¸ĺ󱳣ʱˣ˯ˡ
ɺãһ˫۾ǶŴߵԕD
݋ݣ˵DDץʲô
݋Ҳ֪
ͻȻ뵽ʲô͵˵݋ݣDDץܣҿ԰ϲĶŽȥ𣿡
ʲô
ϲĶЦ˵ÕDDץϲĶ
ֱ͸DD
ֱͶû˼ϣDDץŲܻʺӣҡҡ݋ݣ𣿡
ܻʺС˵݋ݺ㣬ǕDDץһʲôܷŵġ
ԕDΪ̫ӣץͬһ㡣ץϣڷŵĶǷǳģʲôܰڷȥġ
һʧ䣬ܻʺ˵ȵϣٰڷһЩÕDDץһΣʱ԰ϲĶŽȥ
˺󣬻ϲ˽ܻʺĻлл݋ݡ
˯ɡ
ϣؾ͸Ųܻʺ𴲡
ĵһܵԕDСߣ߸˵ضԕD˵DD֣


7 
̫ӵµһǰ󹬶ǳע
ǰϳʱûǹף̫ӵµֹˣǶ׼
󹬣Ƿ׷ǰף̫ӵµвǰף̫ӵµ
ΪǵԕDһϲĺɫ·ĵԽ۵ʮϲ
ܻʺڻԕDԼ԰ġΧۡ׼ȷ˵ȷǡγһ޶ġ
Ǻ佱̫ӵ£úÿо񡢿念пǰͯӡ֮컨׹˼ˡ
վڲܻʺߣڳҫĕDDжж
ûһټߵïʵټҵ̫ӵȥӢ
ʱѾ糯ڼӢ׼ݼף̫ӵµ
ïʵ̫ӵ´һɫ·Ŵһɰ
ԕDԹԵرïʵڻһ˫СֱĲӣһ˫ۺضĴֹаڷ˺ܶʻپա
پнƽͳٵ˼̫ӵµһ죬ڷôپգҲϣ̫ӵܽ١
ïʵ̫ӵ²߿죬ߵЩȴǳȡӺïʵԕDִＯӢ
ïʵ̫ӵ̤Ӣһ̣Ƿ׷װĿͶеԕD
ԕDô˶ſҲ£һ˫Բ۾ؿŴǡ
ڰϼ̫ӵ£Ǹʱ̫ӵ²Ű죬ССһš̫ӵһ꣬ճ˲١ˣ̫ӵҲЩ
һɫ·̫ӵ£ǻеͯӣʮֵƯɰٹٱɰ̫ӵȵˡ
̫ӵôɰоĴǵ˲١
Ҳһɫ·ĶӿɰˣȲشïʵĻﱧ
ԕDڱ󣬾Сѽѽؽš
ʱĴͻȻȫԕD񣺡Ȳμ̫ӵ¡
ڱڻԕDŹٹ٣ЩԼֻС̨֣µĴǴؽš
ЦŶԹĴ˵̫
л̫ӵ¡
վԹվáţֲУף̫ӵ½ƽ
һһף̫ӵµǵףٴʶǳأϣ̫ӵܽƽسҪʱûС
ԕDû뵽ǻˡе֡еͻеʫе챦
ˣ
ˣ
Щ͵ﶼǳֵǮһȥۣŷǵ֡
ڼյܿģллǡ
ǰݼף̫ӵº󣬾͸ȥ˰ٻͤǺҲڲܻʺĴȥ˰ٻͤ
̫ӵµڰٻٰͤ죬ٻͤõطǳƯ
ڴŴڶ棬ܻʺǺ档ΪŮбŮ߹
ȫú̫ӵµʽʼ
ڿ˿棬ûпˣתͷһԵïʵʵôûˣ
ټң˵˹ӲҪչ˰˹Ͳμ̫ӵµ硣
üͷһ壬ɫЩĵʵôأ
˹
̫ҽϲأ
̫ҽ˵˹˵纮ûʲô󰭡ïʵڽŵİ˹οټҲ̫ġ
⻰˲١
Ǿͺá˵꣬ïʵһֹı飬ʵ£
ïʵһɣ֪òÿ˵
ïʵԥò˵΢΢ü˵ʲôֱ˵
ïʵԣгɣڵټң̫ӵµ˲ϯǲǲ̫ףð˹û˲μ̫ӵµҵĽڡ
΢΢ü˵չҲáʵǹŰ˹Ϊɲμ̫ӵ硣
ô˵ïʵҲ˵ʲô
ڱڻеԕDЦ˾ǹⲻμ硣
û˵˺Ͱ˹ԕDۿݡ
ʱٰȰ˵ˣӣ̫ӵµ磬ϯǲǲ̫á
˺˵ʲôõġһ࣬һ١
ӣټҺ̫ܿӵ£ڹټҵϣҲӦóϯ̫ӵµ硣ٰ׿ĵȰ˵ȥμ̫ӵµ磬ֻ¹ټһ᲻ˡ
Ӣ⻰е飬һõ˵һء
ӡ
˲ͷشٰ׵Ļȥǲȥԡ
ǣӡٰײȰ˵
ߣҾǹⲻȥμ̫ӵ磬ǲȥǸ
ܻʺ˲μ̫ӵµȫ⡣Ϊμӣ赽Ǿ̫Цˡ
ڱԕDһ󣬾ïʵԕDȥҲܻʺòܻʺ˰ԕDͻ
̫֣ڵĻŵԕD˵ЩȣֵĶӻᱻȵ
ܻʺĸԕDȵץʼٰԕD
ԕDղڵĻ￴һ裬ûʲô˼˵ЩˡûлصĸĻ˯ˡ
ԕDҲŻˡصԕDСߡȵ翪ʼŻصٻͤ
ϣûԕDܳԵĶ׺
ȵԕDץΪ̫ӣץһ˼Сץ̫һһ˼ҵץϾУץٰ졣
ץϾٰ죬ôǺǾ͵ڹеⲻϹءߣ̫ӵµץǰĴҪۿġ
֮ǰԥץϾٰģǰĴǲûйۿϾԥǸʱûбΪ̫ӡ
󣬰ٻͤмڷһźܴӡ
ϰڷ˸ֶе塢鼮ëʡ̡ͭǮߡӡµȡ
ԕDʱںͲܻʺ󣬻дվԡǺǲûվԣǼǵϯλϡ
ܻʺֱԕDָָϰڷŵĶ˵DDȥץϲĶ
վڲܻʺߵĸͷԕD˵DDҪúץߕDDץʲôǋ݋ݺͽ㲻˵
ڴӲܻʺĻﱧӣԶDDϲʲôȥץ˵꣬ͰԕDϡ
мԕDûмȥץȺؿ˿ʲô
ڼӿDDȥץ
ܻʺҲ˵DDץ
ߴٵDDץ
û˵ǿԕDʮ֡ȡǺ֪ǵ̫ӵ»ץʲô
ԕD˿ܻʺֿ˿ڣʼ
ںͲܻʺʱҲڴ
ֳһӱ÷ǳ˵ĿⶼͶԕD


8 
ԕDȡͽԭץĶֱߣڷһĵһĿץⱾ
ںͲܻʺڴŵؿŶһֱߡԕDֱߣһһ̹𻨸⡣ǵĶӻֱץ𻨸⣬ϾƽϲԹ𻨸⡣
ץϣ˰ڷͱ֮ĶҲ˲ٳԵģ˵𻨸⡢ƻ۽ȡڷЩԵĶΪľջԕD᲻ץЩԵĶ
ԕDֱߣ̧С֣׼ץ
վڲܻʺߵĸһֱС˵ץ𻨸⡢ץ𻨸⡢ץ𻨸⡭
ƽʱϲԹ𻨸ԕDȴǰĹ𻨸Ӷֱץ
ץˡںͲܻʺͬʱﳤһ˵϶¶οɫ
Ǽ̫ӵֱһץסжʮָ˺⣬ǵ̫ӵδһʫʵĴ
ԕDץġŵոĵط漴ֱȥ
ںͲܻʺǼԕDȥץǳץʲô
ԕDֱߺһץסСľץСľ£Сľڸղץġϡ
̫ӵץˡץСľ̫ӵԺһ˫ȫˡ
ԕDһεںͲܻʺķ˹ȥ
ںͲܻʺǰʱЦЦﻹѽѽؽš
ܻʺΪҪ׼ֱʱ򣬾ͼһץסӡ¡
ӡ¿ɲһӡ£ƽʱõӡ£Ҳ˵ǵӡ¡
ԭԕDץϣ̫Ҫ̫ӵץЩ̫ʡֻ˶Σӡ·ڶӵץϡ
ڰѵӡ·ԕDץϣץӡ¡
ȻԕDոץľںܸˣﻹеССʧ䣬Ͼԥץץľ塣
ԕDץӡºǳˣϲػ˻֣˷ܵؽš
ڼץӡ£ʮָˣ̲ס޵ããã޵Ķӣ
ǷӦǳѸ٣ףڣϲټңϲټң
ϲ̫ӵ£ϲ̫ӵ£
Цķǳģɡ
ԕDץӡºֻصӵм䣬ѸղץġСľڻ̧СںͲܻʺЦطǳá
ܻʺ󿴵ЦһСģĳ硣
𿴸ղŲܻʺһı飬ʵʮֽţԕDȥץԵĶãûʧץˡСľץڵӡ¡
ȥӣȴ㿪˫֣һؿ
ԕDһ˫СֽرеĶ֣ѽѽؽš
ڼ״ɵʧЦĶôץĶǺЦο⡣
ԕDСԴڣ
ģĶڱ֤
ԕD˿ڣصͷ
ֱӣԴ˵͸λˡ
æ˵ټˡ
̫ӵµץ󣬴Ƕ뿪ˡ
뿪;УǶ̫ӵ¸ղŵץֵ
̫̾ӵպһ˫ȫ
ͱźӣЦ̫ӵպһǳϻۡ
ŷЦܼ̫֮ӵպһ˫ȫ
˵̫ӵץ˹ټҵӡ£պһټһ
Ե̫ӵ²ʧġ
̫ӵպһΪǴε̫
岩п̫ӵ²ǵӡ
仰һ˵͵õ˵һͬ׷׾̫ӵ²ںͲܻʺĶӡ
Ȼ֮ǰԥҲܺãԥ̫ӵȣǲЩǾ̫ӵ±ԥ˼
ԕDץץô⣬һΪԺΪһ˫ȫˡôǶۺܸߣͬʱڴҲǳߡ
ǹϲܻʺҲ׷뿪ˡҲǳʶȤףҲصԼĹ
˵֪̫ӵץץСľӡ£ǳΪ⡣
˫ȫ˲мһץһľ˫ȫǿЦ
ٰô˵ŵøϽȰ˵ӣɲô˵ټҿǷǳ˵ġ
ƲƲ죬Цʲôģץľ˫ȫϲ֪ж˫ȫˡȻô˵Ƿǳʲʵġ
ӣ⻰ɲڹټǰ˵ȻǹټҲ˵ġٰ˲ϲ̫ӵ£ǹټʮֿϲ̫ӵ¡ڹټǰ˵̫ӵµĲǣټһġ
˷һۣôɵ𣿡Ȼ֪ټ۰ϲ̫ӣȻܲҲִ֪硣ҿɲץľܳΪ˫ȫˣſɡ
ٰεؽеӡ
Щͷ˵ˣҲ˵ˡ
ٰ׼˽û˵̫ӵ£ĵ׳һ
ʱѾԕDص
ԕDصûþ˯ˡʱ˯ʱ
ڼ˯ˣﻹرץĳ硣
ټңȕDD˯Ͳץӡ²֣ʱ˸ȥҪӡ¸£һֱԕD˵öӡºһҪһֱԕDҲʡ
ڰڰ֣Цҽòӡ£ÕDDš
ټңӡ¹ش󣬲ڕDDӡҪǶˣɲһС¡𣬲ܻʺ󵣴ԕDҲе𡣡DD̫Сˣ檵Ūӡ¡
ӡ£DDޡץӡһ𣬕DDһֱӡ½ץɼǳϲӡ¡˯ţӡߣˣǻޡ
ܻʺЦ˵һˡ
DDˣšӡ£ڸںӣöӿޡ죬ӿ޵ۣöӿޡ
ڰѻ˵ˣܻʺҲ˵ʲô
á
DDץˡСľӡǲǺܺãС̫ץܵ顣ֻ֪DDץԵĶҲץĶ
ܺá˵DDץСľԺΪ˫ȫˡ
ǕDDץӡأ
DDץӡ£˵ԺDDԺܼ̳ҵ²
ƶǶصͷԭǕDD̫ˡ
ԣDD
ڻҪͲܻʺһͻظˡոʵУкܶҪʱգںʹǶǳæµ
ǰܻʺȰ˵ע壬עϢ
뿪󣬸˵ø˰ҵڶμôġ
ʵΪʲôǵڶΣһʲô
һǋ݋DDʱǸʱҲһЦķǳġ
˵֮ôˣΪˡ
DDԺһ𣿡ʲô£ȫˡ˵DDԺ̳²ô˵DDպһ
ģ˵ܻ꣬ʺɫЩأĵʵôˣ
ûʲôҾDDṼټҵնץľӡǺܺãͬʱҲЩáΪԕDûгͱΪԺΪ˫ȫˡԕDԺ󳤴ûĳͣʱ˶ʧ
Ϊĸףܻʺϣѹг󡣵ǣΪʺϣܳɳΪ˫ȫˡ
ܻʺ飬ο̫ӵ´ϻպһṼټҵΡ
صͷǳ޳Ļ
˵ĶԣDDԺһǳġ
ܻʺ΢΢ЦЦãŸĻ
DDΪ̫ӣ˫ȫЩúý̵Ϊ˫ȫˡ
ͬʱ˯еԕDεԼһȺн̵ڱз͵ġ¥ǡ


9 
ԕDǰŵòᣬڶûл
ǰգεԼǼ̵Ǳз͵ġ¥ǡֱŷ޵ġͤǡֱ⡶ʡһ϶ڱǵ»ʫʣʮֵĿ¡
һٲμӸ߿ӦòҪٱйʫ˰ɡ
ܿ죬ԕDͱˡ
ʱѧߡܻʺԹ݋ݣ̫ˡ
ܻʺ⻰ʧЦôأ
ǽұͺŷǵ»ʫʡС죬д˲ˣǵ̫ˣǣ˵Ҷ鲻档
ڲܻʺеԕDⷬԹͬ顣ͬʱԼСñ顣
ܻʺ¸Сʵ֪ΪʲôҪ㱳ǵºʫ𣿡
ͷ˵֪˵ǵдúãʫдҲá
дĺòã
дĺá
ȻҲдĺãǲǸѧϰǵºʫʣ
⻰󣬲ˡһſڣǣǵ̫ˣǰ汳ˡ
ܻʺһίСģЦЦǾͶ౳飬ֱΪֹ󸣿С鲻żԽżԽãҪ㱳̫żˡ
㱳ꡣҧҧּ˵ұ̫ˣ㱳ꡣ
ûдеȫɣܻʺĵȰ˵ûһ֮ڣ֮ڱɣ
ҡҡͷûС
㼱ʲôܻʺº͵Ц򲻴鱳鲻ż֪𣿡
˺󣬹˳ص˵ͷ݋ݣ֪ˡ
ԕDԸ˻С֣
ܻʺЦŶԸ˵㿴DDڹ㡣
סԕDֻС֣Цݵ˵ллDDĹ
Ҫúö鱳飬ȕDDˣܽ̕DDˡ
݋ݣDDԺҲҪ顢𣿡
ȻҪúѧȕDDˣҪúõؽ
ܻʺ仰ˣʱøɾ݋ݣһúѧġ
ܻʺڻԕDŵˡܻʺղǾ仰˵ԭΪⱲӲòμӸ߿Ͳٱʫʣû뵽Ѳˡ
Բۣʱڴڶ࣬Щд˲ºʫʡҪȫУֱĥ
һ뵽͸һѧϰзǵºʫʣԕDȻ볤ԶСӡ
ԕDܻʺĻŸ
ߣŲϡ顢顣
Ӷ𣿡ܻʺʵ
ͷˡ
ǾŰɡ
ÿ춼šʱţʱš
݋ݣ𣿡
ܻʺ˵Լá
Ȼÿ춼ԕDǲÿ춼Ҳÿ춼š
ԕDҲֻÿµĳһʮʱü²ĸû
ţ߸ܻʺ˵ѧʲô
ܻʺ˵ιԕDԷ
ԕDѾһˣܻʺøøˣÿնιԷ
跹ԕD˵̫ζˡһܳһ롣
ţܻʺʹȥɢʳ
ܻʺԕD·ԕDʱᡰ·ˣƿܻʺ֣Լ
ԕDߵķǳߵķǳȡ
ܻʺ͸վһԣŵؿԕD·ŵԕDһ仰˵
ԕDǳȵһţ˺ܳһ·ҲûˤһЩˣ˫ֲͣ
ܻʺûиתǣڽеݡݡÿ˵ˡٲ˵Ҫˡ
ܻʺͻȻӽסˡ
ǸӦ죬һ˷ܵؽе݋ݣDDˡ
ܻʺŷӦæߵӵǰɫڴ˵DDոսʲô
ԕDǶԲܻʺɵЦЦеݡݡ
Σܻʺ÷ǳDDٽһΡ
ݡݡ݋ݡԕDֽе݋ݣ
һ݋ݡеطǳҲǳ׼
ܻʺƲסذѶӱڻ
DDЋ݋ˣDDЋ݋ˣDDЋ݋ˣıشе
ԕDῪڽС݋ݡȲܻʺҪ˼
݋ݡ݋ݡ݋ݡԕD
ܻʺŶӵСΪ̫ļ˫۶ˡ
݋ݡԕDؽһ
ܻʺԕDһϲøж
վһԵĴҲǳ̫ӵ»˵ˡ
DD˵ˣDD˵ˣDD˵ˣ赸شš
ܻʺ˵ضҪ˳ԕDǳТ˳ֶ˼݋ݡеһĶ컯ˡ
ԕDܻʺеضˣǳԾͬʱҲǳɻῪڽС݋ݡôж
һĸ˵ʮ»̥ĺӽһ݋ݡһΪҸΪж顣
݋ݣޡԕḐС֣ظܻʺϵˮޡ
úúã݋ݲޡܻʺǿЦ˵
DDءԕDǰָָԼڴؿDDʲô
ԕDСԴ˫ãȻؿŸ
ָԼԕD˵㡭㡭㡭㡭
ˣСѾͷϲķϣԸɡ
㡭㡭
ͷԶԶԣ㡣
ԕDŴŴֽһ㡭
Ӧطǳ󼤶ץסܻʺֱҡҡ݋ݣDDҽˣҽˡ˵ֿ꣬ĵر
ԕDŸһϲģ㡱ô
݋ݣҪȥߵDD˵ˡ˵꣬ˡ
ܻʺ󼤶һͻָƽʼԕD˵Ļ
ȥڣڲڡ
һšʱš
֪ȥ󣬸˵üѹֵûš
ںѾţ˴ʱںȲ졣
ſڣ̫Ըȥڹϲ˾ˡ
ȥ˵ɣҾͲȥˡ
ǣ
ïʵˣлһĨɻ漴ǰʵôأ
Сķġ˵
ʲô𣿡
߹ټң̫ӵ»˵ˡ˵ո̫ӵ¿ڽ˻ʺ͹
𣿡ïʵһϲʵ̫ӵ»˵أ
΢΢˵ͷţ̫ӵ»˵ˡ
ͰϢ߹ټҡ
ïʵ߽ڣȸں˸ټң̫ӵ»˵ˡ
˵ʲô͵վߵïʵǰ˫ץļ˵˵һ顣
ټң̫ӵ»˵ˡïʵ˵ո̫ӵ¿ڽлʺˡ
˺¶ϲ漴ͼææ뿪
˼ڻ˵뿪ˣһߵؽе ټң


10 
ܻʺǣԕD·ָ԰Ļݲһһ˵һֶѧķǳ죬˵ķǳһҲ
СӸѧ˵ʱѧز̫ãһ˵Ĳеĺӳʮ꣬ܰѻ˵ԕDտѧ˵ܰѻ˵ĺӣǳټ
ԕD˵ΪȡߣȻֻһ꣬ǳˣܾ˵֡
һԵĴܻʺһ̫ӵ˵̫ӵ¿ڿˣͽ̫ӵ˵˺ܳһһڿˣϢºȿڲɡ
áܻʺѧ˵ѧؿ죬һʱ̫ˣһֱڽ̶˵˶ӻСѧôʱ䣬ӦÿˡDDȥͤϢȲ裬òã
ԕDɵصͷ˵á
Ҫ݋ݱȥ𣿡ܻʺʵË݋ǣȥ
ԕDҡҡͷ˵ҪԼߡ
ãԼߡ
ܻʺûǣŶӣҲûзԼߡڶӵߣߡӵˣܼʱס
ԕDոһ·Ѿϰ·֮ǰˤߵĺڲˡ
ܻʺСĶӻˤ
DD㡣⺢Ӹѧ·ͼ
ԕDûܻʺĻһ·Сȥͤ
ܻʺˤӣһֱ󡣺ǵûзԕDȵܵͤûˤ
̫ӵܵͤûˤԕD佱̫ӵ²ѧ·ߵôȣ̫ˡ
ԕDͦԼСţС¶Цݡ
ܻʺֱԕDϡ󣬴ӴӹյιԕDˮ
СӲܺȲ裬ԕD׼¿ˮ
ԕDո˵˲ٻȷЩˣ๾غһյˮ
ܻʺó־ز˲ǵˮ
DD·ߵ̫죬ˤˤʹԺ·㡣
ԕDͷǳ˳˵á
ܻʺ󱻶Թɵӿɰˣ̲סӵС
DDԡ
ʱӲԶ
݋ݣҰѵˡ
һ󺰴УܻʺΣ⺢ӡ
ĻͼǣŸС˹
԰еԶ·Ҫ̡ȻǣŸСܹҲһ̵Ĺ
ܻʺԕD׼ȴֹˡ
DD˵أڳԕDſ˫֣DD㣬òã
áԕD˵꣬ͳ˫֡
ԕD˵áֱסˣһʱְѶӱܿͷӦ˹һϲذѶӱ
DDĻ˵˰ָָԼԕD˵DDе
ԕD˫ڴͶŴŴؽһ
ӿڳؽһһˣٽһ
ԕDֽһ
⼸еĻŭš
վһԵĸָָԼ۰Ͱ͵ؿԕDDDǵýʲô𣿡
㡣
Ӧطǳ
DDٽһ
ԕDԹԵֽһ
ЦݣDDDD⺢ӿڽˣеر
ܻʺ˵ղų檽̕DD˵˲ٻȫѧˡ
ڵͷеĶӣȰʵDDղŋ݋ݽʲô
ݡԕDڵϣһ˫СҡţԹظ˵ղѧʲô
ĵ˵ֶӲ˵ķǳǵ÷ǳѸղŲܻʺ˵Ļȫ˵˳
˺󣬾ŴͣDDѾѧô໰𣿡
ܻʺҲǳԾû뵽ӰղŽĻȫסˣһû˵
ӿɰС޵ǕDDһѧô໰
ص˵ͷDD
ԕDڲõЦЦлл
лл΢΢£ضԕDЦŶ
DDȻ˵ллDDԕD˵DDôллҰ
ԕDܹԵ˵лл㡣
DD̲ס˵DD̫ɰˡDDúÿֹɣ̫ɰˡ
ոһ·˵˲ٻԕDЩˡڵĻſС˸Ƿ̧۾ض˵ˣ˯
˯
ûߵԕDڵĻ˯ˡ
صڶذѶӷŽСϸظҴñӡ
һӿɰ˯գڲ뿪ƫ
DDôͻȻͻ˵ΪԕDҪٹ²Ż˵û뵽ԕDץͻ˵̫ˡ
һŻῪڽˡУʱ򣬺ܶ໰˵DDӣڲῪڽˣܰѻ˵ķǳһ㶼
Ҳ֪ܻʺԵDDͻȻڽг檡݋ݡҲǳ⡣
ЦDDôͻ˵˵ô˵DDϻۡ׻˵˵ĺӴ
ʮ޳ɵ˵DD
ʱïʵ˽ټң๫¡
ͷתͷܻʺ󣺡Ϲһš
ܻʺ󣺡á
ǰรԴϵĹΡ
ԭ߸˵ĸ˪ӣʱû˾񡣡һкöûܹ꣬ܲ쿼Ұ
Ȼô˵ǵٸʱ䣬
ˡ
ˡ
ߡ
ټߡ
ŷڸſڵȴڣڻˣ׼ȴ˵һϢǡ
ϲãǺʵټңʲô飿
̫ӻ˵ˡһضԺҫո̫ӽҡˡ
˺һ棺̫ӵ»˵أ
ڵͷԣDD˵ˣһ˵ķǳ
̫ӵ²һͻ˵أһȣĶŻ˵
ŷ˵Ķһʮ²Ż˵
Ƕ˸ףǶԺʲôʱ򿪿˵ȴǵ÷ǳ׼ȷ˵ǶԶӵһοڽǡǵ÷ǳ
˵о仰˵ĺӴ̫ӵ²һͻ˵˵̫ӵ´ϻ۹ˡ
Ӧ죬ںϲϲټҡ
Ҳû뵽̫ôͻ˵һ
ھ͸ҫԕDԕDո˵Ļ˵
һһ㶣Ĳ˼顣
̫ӵ²Ż˵Ȼܰѻ˵ķǳֹˣ̫ӵ¾ȻܰѻʺĻȫס⡭Ǵϻ۹ˡ
ǶԕDһ޺ǳˡ󣬲£˵¡
ԕDһ˯ѣǰ󹬶֪˵顣
ǰĴǵ֪̫ӵ»˵һ£׷׿̫ӵ´Խڴ̫ӵ³


11 
ںͲܻʺԕDѧ˵ѧطǳ죬ҼԷǳáǽ˵Ļһ鶼ѧᣬҼǵ÷ǳǷǳ⣬Ҳǳϲ
̫ӵ²һ˵˵ķǳáһʱ䣬ǰ󹬶˵̫ӵͯ
Լͯ˵ԕD⣬ϾǳˣԶװСӣҲװСӣž˵
Լؿ˵˴ϻ۹˵󣬽ʱ͵飬˵䲻ĻҲ֡
ԴԕD˵ÿһݡ¡Ǿǽ̶˵ֹˣ̶Ӷǧġʫʡ
ȻֻǽԕDûöӱʹˣԕDҲһ꣬ͽǧġʫʣǲ̫ż˵㡣
Ϊ˲ԼһͶѧϰԕDûչļܡںͲܻʺᱳ飬ǿ϶ؽ顣
ԕDʽǰҪһǺͺΪͯꡣûһĶӣ׼һܺӡ
˳ĺûǳԣܺӲǳԡߣһܺܶ飬һĺӺܶǲġУĺûʲô³˵
ԕDø̫֪ڵİţԲŻҵ³
Ҫһͷ۵ܺӣһҪԭǾԺøĳǡ
γĳĵλ̫ˣҸټҽа壬ҹܹټҵļ¡ɲһĳܡġߣԺҪ䳼ĵλҪƱػĳǡաС͵áܡ뾭ѵ
ܺӻǺܺģֻҪƤϷ߾СڻСʱϲ˷Ҳߡ
ܺӣиҪҪǾǿ壬ԼȻꡣ
ֻһ꣬ܲʱвͨĿǰֻͨ·塣ֻǶ廹УӪøϡһ꣬ҩʲôʱʺԡ
ĿǰӪĶֻţ̡̺ʵĸãѾһٺĸ顣
ţ̣̺ӪҲաǣҪôË݋̶֪áֱܲӸ݋˵á
û뵽취òܻʺ֪֮ǰԕDֻܺúóԷϱӣﳤ˵СӶԷãܳߡ̫Сһٷֻܳһ뷹Բ뷹
ʱԕDš
ݱڻܻʺιࡣ
ԕDһ꣬ݾͳ˼ţ̫ܳӲĶι࣬طǳŴڼ
վһԣڰȰü͵ݸ˲ܻʺ
ܻʺѰõļ飬һιӳԡιԕDһڼͻιһ࣬ҭš
ˮԕDԼҪġˮ󵰶ãÿϳһˮ󵰡
һһˮ󵰣ԕDͱˡԱˣвסˣҪȥ档
ԕDһ棬Ҫ顣ţ͹ԹԵȥˡ
ܻʺݴԕDȥ԰档ԕDҪ㣬Լ԰
ԕDˤһֱߡܻʺݾͤһ죬һ߿ԕD԰ִݻ
ԕDÿĻȥץܻʺִ֡ݻΪֹץĻд̣Ȼֹ
ŲԶ̫ӵС԰ȥݲɵ뵽ҲԥԥʱҲϲ԰ȥϲ԰ץ
ܻʺע⵽ݵ¶ֱ˵ɫ֪뵽ԥԥţһһø硣
վˣһڶɡ
⻰΢΢ЦЦðʲôڶı
DDϲԹ𻨣Щڶı
̫ӵϲԹ𻨸⣬ҲһϲԹ𻨱뵽ʲôЩϧ˵ϧ̫ӵ̫СʱԲ˹ɺ⸬ȻǻһЩɺ⸬
ȵ꣬ܳԹɺ⸬ʱԶһЩ
ԶԕDߵ̫죬СİѴŵòᡣ׼ʱԼȻµ
̫ӵˤ˲ޣԼ޵Ҫܰ岻ޡ
⺢ӺٿޡܻʺЦҲ֪˭
Ӧɡ
ô˵ǣСʱȷٿޡܻʺϲޣСΪųı֡
̫ӵ»һ仰ڹάʵʵ˵ܻʺϻ۵Ůӡ
ܻʺԣʧЦСʱûô
ݻ˵ʲôԶԕDˤˣһģ̫ӵˤˡ
û¡ܻʺĸ׼ˤˣôżǣˤˣ޵ġ
Ƿİǰӵʱǳۡ
кӶˤӲʲô¡ܻʺȻҲ۶ӣ὿߶ӣкƤʵЩȽϺáܻʺ󲢲㽿ӣԽǽԽãġֲڡЩСʱֳǲųģÿ˵嶼ǳá
ǰǲ̫ءԥز˺ü꣬ݶԥزһһֱڻһֱԼûչ˺öӡ
仰òܻʺĬ¡ܻ꣬ʺ̫ԥȰû
Ҳǽ˵꣬סݵ֣ذοĴ
ҡݵ˫ۺˣһƬʹࡣ
ܻʺݵֱڻЕDDҲĶӡ
⻰ҲƲסش۽ǻ䡣
ǕDDС񵱳ԥȻǲܻʺǲܻʺΪܻʺ־ظݲᣬ⼸޵̫ˣ۾޻ˡ̫ҽ㲻Ҫٿޣôֿ۾޻ˣԺôDD󡣡
ݵͷʵ˵ҲˣҲˣҪúõؿ̫ӵ³󣬿̫ӵȢӡ
չһܽƽس󡣡
š
ԶټݸϽᡣ
ڸ³ӡ
ԕDԶԶؿڣͳ˹ȥڶſ˫֡
ԕD߽ţײڵĻ
ڱӡײͷһѱӾٸ߸ߡ
ԕDĵЦ
ڱŶһɸ߸ߣĵʵDDոʲô
ٺٺ١ԕDڲЦЦһ˫С
ڰϵʱСӡԕDոһֱץŪֶǻ֭
ô£ע⵽ӵ˫ַǳࡣ
ԕD˵ְ꣬Сצڵϡ
һԵïʵڱ̫ӵŪˡ̲סЦ˳
ӵСӣС
ٺٺ١ԕDСצӶڵ꣬װһŪ˴
ڲݶŪЦطǳġ


12 
ڵŪҲ⣬Ŷ԰׷ҸϡϷ
DD׷һߵ˵ţһ߶ԕD֣ץιԵġ
ãץԕDСȥץڡ
С鲽ܵغûһͱץˡ
ԕDһѱסڵȣС˵ץˡ
ڶӵСԴһЦDD
ٺٺ١ԕDЦطǳ⡣
ֵץˡ¶ӵԴDD
ԕDͷ
׷ڶӵ󣬡ץˡ
ԕDһֻСһſ˫֣׾

ˡȥץӣץˡ
ܻʺݿһĻԕDDDܿ㣬Ҫץˡ
Ҫץˡڹ|С鲽׷ԕD
݋ݡԕD߽ţܻ߳ʺ˹ȥ
ܻʺվ߳ͤԳܹԕDſ˫֡
ԕDײײܻܵʺĻ݋ݱңܡ
ã݋ݱܡܻʺӣС
ڼܻʺЦDD⺢ӾȻ֪Ұ֡
ܻʺڻеԕD׷Цطǳ⣬ץ
ƵʧЦһץ㡣
վͤݣںͲܻʺԕDֵĻ棬ϲɵ¶οЦݣټҺͻʺһֱͺˡ
׷һ׷ˣһѱסܻʺеԕD
ԕDڱӱ
ץˣӮˡ
ԕD˵
ӮˣûиŶڹⶺӡ
һûиԣԕDС¶ŵı顣
ڱ𾪵ıЦˣͷ˲Се͸Ը㡣
ԕDЦؽе
úúãԸ㡣ڱԕDȥͤϢһ
ïʵǳϸĵؽȲ͵ģܵظԕD׼˷ˮ
ڱԕDͤˮСĵιӺȡŶССڵغˮһƬ
һԕDЩˣ˴뱭ˮ
˹𻨸⣬һιԕDԡ
ԕDϻڷһ̰ɫĸ㣬Сָָʵʲô
һԵïʵ˵̫ӵ£ҡ
һңԕD˫۵ʱһС¶ɫŴŴʵó𣿡
ïʵ˵̫ӵ£Գ
ҪԡԕDתͷڣҪԡ
һҵݵӵضԡ
ԕDصͷš˵꣬
ʵó𣿡
ԕDڲһЦóԡ˵꣬۰Ͱ͵ؿڣʵҿÿ𣿡
Ȼԡڸ˵꣬뵽ʲôһԵïʵԸȥ̫ҽ̫ܲÿҡ
ǣټҡ
ԕDʳʮġԕDܳʲôܳʲô̫ҽ
ܿ죬ïʵͻˡ
ټң̫ҽ˵̫ӵ¿ÿң˵Ӻá
˺ͷˡ
ʲô𣿡ԕDСԴһãȻֺʵ
ˮڳԵҾġ
ǲҲóԣԕDʵҿԳ𣿡ҵˣ̫ˡ
Ӷ棬ܻʺЦ˵DDǺȵģȣ
룡Ϊ˻ȥÿ̡
ã݋ݴ˸׼
΢΢ü޳ɵ˵ʺôÕDD飿ζǳأ˼ҺӺȵģDDΪ̫ӣôܺ顣
ټңDDȣܻʺ󲻾ÕDDΪ̫ӾͲܺ顣
ԕDһ˵ȡ
ô˵ֻôӦǾ㳢ζأDD˺󣬾Ͳٺˡ
ллԕDһҵݸڣҲԡ
ллDDڽӹӵңһԡ
ԕDԹԵص˵ͷһԡ
ʱٰ׼ҴҵسԕD˹
μټҡμʺμݡ
ߵٰˣʵôأ
ټң˹Ȼȥ
ʲôˣڰѻԕDݸܻʺ󣬡ȥ󿴿
ڼ뿪԰
ݿܻʺ󣬿ʵҪҪȥ
ܻʺ˵˲Ỷӭǹȥ
˵Ҳǡ˵˵йټҿ͹ˡ
ڲܻʺԕD΢΢šü˹ȻȣҪ˰ɣ
ʷϣ˹ڽز֮ۡǰ˹ţΪʷزۡ
ϣˡ
ϣ˹ֻͨķȡ
ԕDģܻʺͱ
˹ˣԕD԰棬Щ̫׵
صԕDߡܻʺ׼ڶ
ֱʱҲûһֱδʱĩ̫ҽе
ټҰ̫ҽȥ󣿡ܻʺڶ棬˲ɵסô£
˵˹أټҾͰ̫ҽ˹ȥ
˹뵽֮ǰɽͱ͹Ƕ˷纮ز۵ġǲǲأ
ܻʺɫЩأǹȥ
áȻϲˣǰ˹޹ġϣ˹¡
ܻʺǰ񿴺ԕDһԕD͸ˡ
ݺͲܻʺʰ£ǰߵſڣ͸ܵصա
߽ƫڱ˰ο̫ҽڸ˹ʩ롣
ڼܻʺˣ΢΢ͷ˾ûпһڵĻ޵ķǳġ
ܻʺ¿ڣټң˹ôأ
ɫص˵ڷȣ̫ҽ취ȡ
˵ټң˹࣬һµġ
⻰ڵĻ̧ͷõص˵ʡ
ݱô˵ɫЩ̫ÿ
̧˵ļ򣬡һƬģôô˵
ҲҪǵļٺġ˫ۺ˵ߡ
ܻʺ⻰΢΢˵ټң檺ݾˡ˵꣬ʹ뿪ˡ
Ȳܻʺ뿪˵䣬޵ģֲˡرˣĺ󱳣ذοһµġ
߳һߵ˵ǺĹİ˹Ȼ˵Ǽʣ̫ˡ
ʲôһֱһֱϲǣǵܴ󡣡ǻȥڶɡ
̫ӵӦˡ
ȲܻʺǻصԕDո
ԕD󣬾ԺܻʺݼڶʱѧԕD档
Ժ׽ԲصϷ
һƬЦԽԽء
һ綼ˣûлظĄӡ
̫ҽ뾡˸ְ취Ҳûð˹ȣں˷ǳһƢõڷ̫ҽһͨѵ⡣
ʱܻʺ׼šʱһŵ˽ˣ˹ûˡ
ʲôܻʺ󾪵˹ûˣ
ڸղţ˹ûˡ
ԕDϢ÷ǳءû뵽˹ǸʷһزˣԽԼꡣ


13 
мվˣǰ󹬶һƬϲõĽСû뵽˹ͻȻûˣһʱһƬ¡
˹ͻȻްˣں˵Ĵǳ󡣰˹ں˵ĵŮ֮ǰйŮٹͱ͹Ǹճûþزˡû뵽ŮҲزˡ
˹ԕDһ꣬һֱúõءȻ˹Щûʲô󲡣ҲٷȡȴͻȻȣڣ̫ҽЩ޲ߡ
ڰ˹ز֮ǰ̫ҽǿҩº󣬰˹΢ȣûþûϢ
˹ز۵⧲̫ҽǾð˹ķȻڣǲ˵СӷҲһ㶼ϼ죬֮ǰİٹͱ͹ǾǷȺü죬һֱûȲز۵ġ
ںԭΪ˹ܽƽĳû뵽˹Ҳزˡ˹زۺ󣬱Ϊ˹ָ֮ķΪᡣ㰲һ
Ϊ˹زۣܻʺȡڵİš
ȥ˸ǹټҲԸҡһżǣïʵ˵ټ⼸һֱæ£ûôϢҲûôʳҵĹټȥᲡ
ټ𡣡Ȼܻʺڲమǲܻʺ˽ڵӣͻȻزۣټΪĴûкúõع򡣡
⼸գһֱæ£˭ҪͨصԼ
취ùټȥȻټĻᡭĵڻᲡ
ܻʺ㣬ʱˡ
ϾͱŕDDȥҹټҡ⼸գܻʺûȥڣǸʱ侲һѹ˺üգڱȥȻӻŲס
̫ӵȥҹټңټһġ
ҲԸǡܻʺݷԸһЩټҰԵķʳ͵
ǣ
ھͱDDȥܻʺ˵꣬ͱڻСľԕDDD݋ݴȥҵ⼸գټûDDDDһֱʵȥˡ
ܻʺûдԕDȥڣΪڻǨŭԕD
ڰѰ˹ز۹ԼϣΪİ˹µġԴԕDڶǳ⣬԰˹ûôģǳھ
˹زۺԹڣ˵̫ӣͶ԰˹ܲʣԽΡ
ܻʺڻѰ˹ز۹ԕDϣ⼸ղҴԕDȥڡ
ֲܹܻʺô룬Ϊһֱǳ谮ˡ˹زۣȻڣҪڹԕDΪԕDڵĹУŻᵼ°˹زۡ
ˣһ̫ǡԣܻʺŻô롣
ûԕDԕDϾ˹ڵŮŮͻȻزۣڽܲҪǰѰ˹ǨŭǾͱˡ
ïʵԶԶؿܻʺ̫ӵһϲæӭȥμʺμ̫ӵ¡
𡣡ܻʺʵټ𣿡
ڵġïʵ˵Сͽȥ档
ܻʺïʵ߹ټң⼸ՕDDһֱʵȥˡ
ïʵ˲⣺ǣ˵꣬ת߽鷿
ټңʺ̫ӵˡ
Ąӵڣеıʶסˡ
ïʵ˵ʺ˵̫ӵһֱȥء
һ⻰еıʣææߡ
ïʵ״һϽȥ
ܻʺԕDվڸ⣬ɫæ˳ˡ
μ١ܻʺĻû˵꣬ھַ漴бԕD
ڰԕDСرڻͷ˲Сϸشӵɫɫ󣬾ãʱ˲١
ԕDһ˫۾ؿڡּղڲ˲١ֹˣһǳ㲡
㲲ʵôˣ𣿡
⣬˫۶ʱˣ£һʱ˵
ԕDڲ˵תͷܻʺʵ݋ݣô˵
ûӵС۴ȰؿŶӣŶ߽
ïʵܻʺվԭز¶ɻʵʺ
ҾͲȥˣÕDDúõټҡܻʺïʵ˵ҴټҰԵķʳ㵽ʱȰټҳһЩ
ǣ
ܻʺû˵ʲôת뿪˸ǰݵĹ
Ųܻʺԥ뿪ıӰïʵ΢΢̾˿ʺŽȥúõذοټһټ˵жǣʺȴˣⲻùܵ顣
ïʵ߽鷿ڷԸȥ̫ҽ
ǣټҡ
⼸գûȥӣЩĶӵӡ
ԕDڵĻһ˫Բ۾ֱֱض
ôôŵ͵ؿŶӣʲô𣿡
ȥأһƬѪ˿һƬȦʱûôϢ
⣬Ρͷ˲ӵСʵأ
ԕDͷȵ˵
ıʹ˲䱻ԕD仰ˡͷᣬۿȣҲDD
𣿡
ġЩ⼸æûȥ㡣Ժÿȥ㡣
ʵڲûаѰ˹ǨŭԕDʱգûȥԕDΪ˹ˣ̫ˣʱû˼ȥ顣
áԕD͸һЦݡ
ڱӵЦݿɰˣһƬ̲סͷٴβӵС
ԕDز˲ڵ̵˵ԡ
仰һƬɬ˫ʪ|ˣãԡ
ԕḐֻС֣ڵ
ɶҺõ㡣ûˣǕDDúõءǡ
ʱïʵ̫ҽ˽ڲõ˼
μ̫ҽͱֹˡ
̫
ǣټҡ̫ҽǰظԕD˰󹧾ض˵ټң̫ӵµӺܿûκ⡣
ģ˹ͻȻزۣԽԕD
ټҷģ̫ӵ·ǳʵһ磬̫ҽȥԕD֮ǰڷԸÿȥԕDÿԕD󣬶ԕDϸؼ¼
̫ҽ˵ôƶڰ˲٣ǲʮַġ
̫ӵô
̫ҽʵ΢΢£ڵ˼
ټң̫ӵ»δʱӾͷǳԕDڲܻʺĶ̫ҽ͸չ̫ӵ³Ҳһֱûκ⡣
أزǰҲܿҲͻȻûˡҲǡĺԕDҲ
̫ӵµӱԥӽ̫ҽڵĵǣ̫ӵµһֱټԷġ
ã㡣
̫ҽڵɫ̫ã˵ټңѰɡ
ڰڰ˵û¡
ټңɫ̫ãóѰɡ
ֻûϢãûʲô顣
ټңҪעϢ塣̫ҽ˵
ͷûˣȥɡ
ˡ
Ȼ̫ҽĵ˵ԕDӽﻹġʧȥʧȥ򣬲ʧȥDD
룬ïʵ˵գȥһ¡Ҫȥһ£DD


14 
糯ȥΪԕDԭԕDһȥ£ԕD̫Сʱʺϳš
ʹŸȥ¡ĿǰֻӣһԕDһǸ
ڵĳŮҲôΨһһûزۣƽĺӡȻƽ꣬ﻹǵǡΰ˹ͻȻزۣԽĸԕDҲûˡ
ڸո㣬ΪԕD
ʦDDĳûɣԕDھΪһյơʵڸÿӶ˳ơǣԕDĳƸǵĳƲһ
ԕDĳƣµտϾ̫ӵĳơ
ټҷģ̫ӵµĳûҵƻյԽԽµݴȱ˵
ô˵ͷ˲١
ʦһҪտÕDDĳơ
µ֪ĵǣοټҷģƶɮտ̫ӵµĳơ
ԣüǳĲûм١Щص˵DDǴεĴԲܳ¡ֻи͕DDˡø͕DDƽƽһжȡ
ټң̫ӵ²µģֵǳƶ̫ӵһƽس󣡡
ҲϣDDܽƽĳ󣬵ǡ˵Ȼסˣֻ¶ΡΪ݋ԭˣ򡭡뵽ͻȻز۵İ˹ڵ˫ˡеċ݋ݣָĸׯ̫ܲ
ûжԋ݋ݾһТ݋ڹҡأDDĳΪ݋ԭˣû뵽ûˡ
ӷ𡣡µֵټң̫ʴȣΪûжТ͹ĺӡ
ǣҵĺһزۣⲻڳͷ𣿡
ʳӣ̫ôΪҪͷӡµƵذοټңˡ
仰ڳĬ£ֵǋ݋ڳͷңǾүڷҡ
к֮£Ϊͷ޹ӵµּڵټңүΪͳͷ
ǣΪʲôҵĺһһزۣʧȥӣڵĴǳɥ֮ʹģġ
ټңûԵ֣˵µ̸֡ذοڡ
ڲֹһµֵǰԼûжĸТĺһز۶ΪˡµֲôΪһδεذοڲҪô룬ţǼ⣬Ȱο
ټңûжׯ̫ܲТѱĽᡣֻҪһʲô飬˵زۣߴγִ󺵣ֻõ飬ڶΪûжׯ̫ܲТµġвõ鶼ԼϣǲԵġ
󣬳̾һҲТֵĻ˵ķǳԣԴ֪ׯ̫ܲĸھһֱԼѾΪĽᡣ
ԕDĳĽ⿪˲٣ǰ˹ȻزۣĽˡ
µҲףôοȰ˵ڣڶû⿪Ľᡣеǽ廹ϵˣԼԼŪôһĽᣬֻԼ뿪ȻԶ޷⿪Ľᡣ
ټңƶɮһֱΪ̫ӵ汣̫ӵƽ¡
ֵ仰ڰЩǾ鷳ʦˡ
ټˣƶɮ顣ִƵضЦЦټһģ̫ӵ´һЩ̫ӵ£ƶɮ̫ӵΪӡ
⻰ɫȻüúúãÕDDΪļӣDDͲ¡DDǷļӣͲՕDD
̫ӵǴεĴһ̫ӵΪӡ
˫ֺʮµֵлʦ̫ллˡʱ˾ŷ֡
µּ¶ЦݣҲ˲١
ټˡµ֪ڵӲ̫ãΪ˼أӱԽãԴ˵һ£ֲŻĵȰοڡ
ﰲˣµظµ塣
ûиڵߣһһ񡣰˹ͻȻزۣҲøǳԕDԕDܵһûˡ
߹ֻҪĳϣͷͻͷ汣ӕDDƽ£Ҫеͷ档
ʱܻʺڶԕD档
ԕDһЩˣڲܻʺĻ˫ֱһƻССڵؿš
˫ֱƻеĻ̫ɰȵݺͲܻʺ
Ҳȥ¡ԕDôɰҲϣ¡ҲȥΪԕD
ܻʺ֪룬ЦЦȻȥôټ˵
Ҳʺϸټһȥ¡˵˵ҵҲȥ¡Ǻ
ټҴȥͺʣܻʺ£˵DDµģ㲻ҪġܻʺȥΪ˸ԕD
ԕD⻰̧ͷݲõЦЦ˵DDµġ˶زۡȻԼҲ¡
̲סԕDСԣ̫ӵ²µġ̫ӵݹأһµġ
ʱ˽˵Ĳˡ
ܻʺԣ΢΢üͷʵô£
˹زۺ˾ͲˡЩӱͲ̫ãʧȥŮԽԽá
ū澸ոռ̫ҽһҴҵģһ䣬˵˵ĲȻأȥ
ܻʺͷôȥ
˵˵Ĳأܻʺ󲢲ʲôȥˣֻ˵Ĳءȥĵѯ£ҲֻΪʲôıơ
˵飬ܻʺһ򶼲ʲôһΪ˶ǳӣΪټһ¼Ŀġ
Բܻʺ˵ֻҪ˲ĵߣһֻ۱һֻۡ
ߣáˣǰͬ鶼ûСƽΪ̫Ű裬ԲŻᡭ
ܻʺݵĻ޹ءڵϲ۰ݸղŵĻڵĶпܻڲˡ㲻ù
Ҿǿһǳ˳ˣ˭ǳºͣΨ˲º͡ټҶ˵û˵ȥһֱΪʲôټһô谮ƫ̻ˡʲô飬ѻʺټҶ
ټҶôҸùܵ顣ܻʺΪ˵Ϊ䣬ȴܻʺСԺֻҪ˲Υ飬ܻʺͲ
ҲסȻûòׯ֪񣬰Ѻ󹬹ľùټҲΪ󹬵鷳գǹټȴƫƫʺĺá»ʺ̫ӵ£ǹټҶԻʺﻹ䵭
ܻʺΪʲôĮø˵
ڹټ㻹ǷǳҪģԲҪΪˣ͹ټ֮ĸ顣
ײܻʺ˼΢΢ͷ֪ˡ
ذ̫ҽߣ˵ˡ
̫ҽûа취ֻ˳
ӣôҲԼӲ˰ٰСȰ˵ӣټһ۵ġ
ۣЦڹټҺû̫Ҫ
֮ԲȻأΪ֪ȥΪԕDһ¡ԭΪȥΪû뵽ȴǸԕD


15 
ڴŸһիŻعһعȥӡЩɣԕDո˯š
վСߣĿǴȰؿ˯ŵĶӡûʲôֻϣDDܽƽسԺ̳дͳΪεġ̫
һӿɰ˯˳ȥ
ܻʺݼڴ»ɫ˲١⼸һֱüǳʹҲûˣЩɻ
ʵټңȥ˳
ڷ²յЦ˳˵꣬תͷܻʺ󣬡ȕDDһЩ޴ȥ£µִΪӡ
ܻʺ΢΢ȣӣ
µִՕDDΪӡԵֻҪDDΪļӣ˭һƽƽس󡣡
ܻʺԣϲɵ¶Цݣټ˵ ֻҪDDΪļӣһᱣƽ󡣡
ݸ˵ǹټȫ̫ӵ³Ϊļӡ̫ӵ³ΪļӣүͲ̫ӵ¡
Цֵ飬޾÷ǳáDDǴεĴһՕDDΪӡȻں޲ھʹȥ£Ƕ̫Сʱʺϳţǵȵ꣬ӳһȥ괺ůˣ޾ʹDDȥ¡ 
ܻʺվ˸񣬡лټҡ
ĲµľǕDDԕDھһֱزۡڣ޿Էˡ
ټң̫ӵ¸ҪΪļӣһƽ˳س󡣡
΢΢ͷDDһܽس󡣡
һھ뿪ˡûмŻظȥ
˼ˣٰ׸ߣ뿴
ٰҸڣֻܵսľ˵ټң˵˵⻰ټˡ
ڶٰ̧̧ǣʾ
ˣʲôƢ˾ܼڲһݵЦݡ˭أ
ٰײ˵ĬĬվһԡ
治ޣվſڣ˵ˡ
ûκλӦ˵˰˵ٰ꣬׷Ըúչӡ
ǣټҡ
ڸ׼뿪ʱ򣬵ڵڳˣټңˣԺͲҪˣȿȿȡ
˵Ŀת߽ڣڴ۵ؿˡ
ⶼˣˣʲôСƢ
ڴϵ˵ڣõ˵ҲҾȥǡ
⻰ʱüͷس˵˵ʲô
ûк˵һ԰׺ѪɫȴһҲòеһݳûˣһϻʲô˼ʧȥŮ˵Ĵǳ
۵ؿˣذοǻкӡ
ˣһЦ
סЩ֣ؿһкӵġ
˦ڵ֣˵ټֻ̫ӣټֺαƭ˵ǻкӡ
ھⷬЩĪҲû
̫ʲôϵ
ټֻ̫ӡ˵ټ̫Ӿ͹ˣôҪĺӡ
ڱ䳰ȷҲûжŭģʵôأ
ټңΪʲôҪȥ£ʵȥ²Ϊ˸𣿡
µĸɮΪ³ȣôˣ
ɮΪ³ȣЦһټңȥ̫İɣ
Ϊʲô
ȥ£һɮΪ򳬶ȣһǸ͕DD
ڹټ̫ΪҪʲôǡ
˵ʲô޵Ů
ټң򡭡ȿȿȡ˵Ļû˵꣬ͼҵؿ
һ˵ĺ󱳣һغٶǻкӵġ˵Ĺ٣ϲٶ֪ѹչ˺Լӣˣ޺һӡ
ֻҪ򡭡ȿȿȡֿΪȵ̫һʱûл˹ȥ
ڼ˻˹ȥʮֵģæïʵȥ̫ҽ
̫ҽķǳ죬ϸظ˰˰˵ŭġҪܴŭ󱯣Ȼء
ˣһֱĴߡûͻ˸Ϊͺ
ȵϣǧڰ˺忪ˡ
˶ʿɶֹÿθƢֵ̫áڲУİѲڣȰ˵ڻظϢ
ڻһфҪûˣͻ˸
뿪ԭһЦˣ˲
վһԵٰ׼ɫãǰĵʵӣôأǲﲻ
ҶЩˡ
ٰһϲæʵӣʲô
ࡣ
ūȥ׼
ٰ׵Ķܿ죬ûһ͸˶ࡣ漴Сĵι˳ࡣ˰һȫˣǸˡ
ǹټа취ӳԶ˹ް˺˾Ͳˣʱٽʳ
Ҫӡ۵׻һĨ䣬ûˣĶҲúõġ
ӣ̫ͨˡ
˵ȥҩɡӣô
ںԕD׷ҸϵϷ
ܻʺһԣ߸ԕD·߿ԕD֡
ԕDһԕDץס
DDץˡ
ٺٺ١佱ԕDЦطǳ⡣
ܻʺԕD֣Ϣһ
һѱԕDԕDԼˤȥһ˫СֽرĲӡ
ԕDֻһ꣬ǲᡣֻĸЩġ
ϲԕDԕDҪǲѹһ졣û취ԕDֻ
Ӻˮܻʺʹȥϴϴ꣬ϴԕDϣڴ˷ͷ
ܻʺϴ꣬ͼӰѴŪ߰㣬ǿЦá
ˣµʱ䡣
һ⻰ԕDԹԵſڴϣܻʺ˵¡
ÿϣܻʺ󶼻ԕD˵£˵Ķ徭Ĺ¡
ԕDһͷˣûܻʺ˵£˶˯ˡ
ܻʺԕDŽСԕD̫СʱʺϺ˯һŴϡ
գ壬ȥ顣һ춼DD档
ԕDź󣬾ͱȥ԰档һٳûǡ
݋ݣôûƽDDˣյôû
û³
û³𣿡
ȥ
ͷţҵ档
DDȥȵɡ
ãʹDDȥ
ǣԕDǰǵʱѾ³ˡ
̫ӵ¡ټڸ๫๫¡ïʵ˵
๫
˵ǰ
֪ǲǰĵӾǸ̿
ԕDŷǣûмʵûϳԼûм


16 
ʵҪð
ïʵԵСľͲ֪ˡʱ򣬹ټغܿ졣ʱ򣬹ټ鵽
ԕDʵDDǻȥȵ
ԕDСԴ˼һ˵ȵ
ãǾȵȵ
հѻ˵꣬ͼԕDڸſڵʯ
ԕDºСߵĿλԸ˵㣬
áԕD
ԕDʯϣ˫ֳСϥϣ˫Զ
ѧԕDڳһģһĶ
ïʵԕDǽʯϣڳһģһĶɷǿɰ
DDɡ˵һ
ԕD¸Ļ˵
ˡȻü
š
˵ʮ
ԕDɵشʮ
ʮߡ
ʮˡ
ԕDȫ˵ˣһعƣһ߿佱ԕDDDȫˡ
վһԵïʵһһȣ̫ӵ
DDһġ˵òá˵壬Ҫ˵ʮ
ԕDͷ˵á
˵˰˵ġ
š

ˡ

ߡ
DDȫˡԕDСԴҼӴѶ˰ʮһ
ʮ
۰DDִˡֹ˹˵ʮ塣
ʮ
DD̫ˡ
һԵïʵ̫ӵºԥȫԣһ𾪡
һֱ佱ԕDϺ޲Щ˵㣬̫ˡ
𣿡ش˴ԕDС˵DD̫ˡǰ汨Ϸʹǲǣ
ïʵͷ̫ӵ´ϻ۹ˡ
ԕD˫ֱأһ˵ǽ˵̫ˡ
ïʵ̫ӵزΪЩСģɰˣ̫̾ӵ̫ɰˡ
ȻDD˵ˣٳѵġⶺԕDҳѵİ
ԕD˫ֱأ΢΢°ͣŵ˵
ǲˡ˵˵ǧġòã
ԕDСԴһɻؿŸǧġ
˵һ䣬˵һ䡣ָ˵˵ƣ˵ġ
ԕDͷŶ
݋ݽ㡶ǧġһܴԕD
˵ɡ
˵ŶȻ˵
ԕD̴ﶬղء
ˣDDݺݵذԕDһų⣬ӯ꾣ze
ԕD̺شš
ִˣDD̫ˡ
վһԵïʵĿɿڴҵ찡̫ӵ²һ꣬ȻᱳǧġˡȻ⿴ںͰǣ׼ȴֹˡ
վԕDǵı󣬶ïʵ˰֣ʾҪڡ
ꡣ

ԕDûзǱǡ˵һ䣬˵һ䣬˵˲پ䡶ǧġ
ںͰԕDȫԣһֲǳԾ
ǰںͰ鷿£Ȼ⴩С˵һǸ̫ӵ¡
̫ӵȫˣð졣ţ˵ǧġ̫ӵҲȫˣԽ档
ڼزˣʹŰ˳СһſڵʯϣҡͷԵ˵šǧġǿɰͷһƬ
۽⿴ڣϲվؽе
ԕDԣתͷһںͼλվ
ͺǸϽԕD͸񣺡μ̫ӵ£μ
ǰ׼ʯϵĶӣԼվ
ԕDȵվС͸һЦݡ

ڱӵЦȵˣϲ¶ЦݣְԕD
DDôҸոճ⿼ȫشˡȲҫԕDĴлУDDᱳǧġˡ
Цոȫˡ˵꣬ԕDСȰ˵ǕDDᱳǧġ
ԕD⻰һԲۡʧˡôɵɵȫˡ
ᱳᱳǧġһҲᱳ
DDᱳǧġոȫˡԕDᱳǧġ˻Ҫˡ
ԕDһſɰС˵ᡣᱳǧġᱳ
֮ԡˡǲǽ顣տ˵ûã챳顣飬ǵܻ˵ɡ
˵ʲôԕDָŰ๫ʣ˭
ŷޡ͡ĸԕD֮ǰǣˣʶ
˭
ô죿
ɺͷ̫ӵ¡
Ƿͺŷǡ
μ̫ӵ¡

ǰȻǰ죿
ƭ˵İɣ
첻Ӧǰ̿
Уͷϵأ˭أ
̫ӵӵɴһ˫۾ޱȾ㵵ؿΪʲôϽ
ڼһֱŰʵDDôأ
ԕDͷ˿ڣֿ˿Сдɻ󣺡ǰøСһǴİ죿
ǰôˣ
ŵ̫ӵ𣿡
ԕD԰֡
ڼ״ԕDţͼԕD
ԕDסˣ˱÷ǳӲһҲҶ
ԕD˿ԼС֣ûбڡ
ûİס
û뵽쾹ȻǸСҳûǡ۽硣
ڴԽ֮ǰԕDݵǲйڵʷ磬İİһǺ̿ͷͷи
Ӿƭ˰
ԕDòܺ˱ˣ
ڱŶӣǵ껹ЦķǳģǺЦΡ
ǱˣһؿԕD̫ӵΪʲôͻȻǵ
ƼŷǼһ㶵ģ̲סЦ˳̫ڸء
棿ǻһ¡
̫ϲ˵Ц˵޵;
ԭ
ԭ̫ӵڸ氡
ǺȻ÷ǳҡ
ԕDһתһ뷨Է֡
Ϊ̫ӵҪǳǰ͵ԕDϡ
ԕDٺٵضԷЦһ漴СצӺݺݵץ·͵ĺӡ
ӴͻȻקӣ۵Ľ˳
ԕDЦҪȥη͵ĺӡ
û뵽ӻη͵ĺӣ΢΢£ֻضԷ˵DDϲ˺ӡ
ԕDŴŴ˵κӡ
ЦԷ˵ϣģ̫ӵϲκӣ̫ӵ°һĺӡ
ԣٴΰ͵̫ӵµϡ
̫ӵ°ΰɡ
ٺٺ١ԕDٴְη͵ĺӡαȸղŻҪһӰӡ
ٺٺٺ٣˷͵ĺӣĪĺˬ
ܻصִ֪ܲ͵ĺӡ
û뵽ССһŵ̫ӵ£־ô󣬰εۡ


17 
Ȥʵϣģ̫ӵ°κӵĸоô
ԼĺӣЦ˵ͦ۵ģû뵽̫ӵССģ־ȴС
⻰˵غǶЦ
ŷ޵٩ղűκͦܵİΪ㲻ۡ
ܱ̫ӵ°κӣһǳҵ顣͵ǲǣϣ֣
ǼˣֻзһѺӡ
Ӳÿֹһ̭Ȱ˵Ѻˣȴӡ
ͳ౾ʹһѺӣһһʶûС
ܱ̫ӵ°κӵȻһǳҵ顣΢΢°ͣһ˵
ͻʧЦҡͷ
˵̫ӵµĵӲСȻҰϣֵĺӡ˿ͣϷʵЦһСϣֶᱻſޣ˵Ұϣֵĺˡ
ԶԶԣҶֻҪҾͰϣ֣ŷЦ˵һУˬ
͵ҶҲǡ
Ҳ˵ҶҲǣֻҪ˵ϣҼңҶӾͻرɡ
ûаԼӣô˵̲סЦ˳
źӵķͣˡ
ǰҵʲôء
ӵӿʮ׺ݣ˵С㣬ǳҲвٴ󳼾㡣Ц̫ӵ¾Ȼ㣬벻
һ̫ӵǾС
УŷǷ·һЦһִЦ
ͱλЦԽԽڣǾǼ̫ӵ׽Һӡ

ٴǣˤˡ
ϣ֣ȵǰ
ҲԕD˺ӡ
ԕD˷͵ĺӣȻڡ
ڱӰκӰεۣһҲûɶӰĺӡ
ԕDһڵĺӣεֶˣʱŹ
ڽïʵȡһЩġʱգԕDֳ˼ڳԵģҪ˰æ顣
ǸոʲôϷڹʵ
Һ͕DDոͽӡǧġϷ̲סҫDDˣǽӡǧġˡ
DDô
˫ֱŸеԕDЦеؿеľʱ죬ڲ⣬Բ
DDϷòãЦһͰ桶ǧġɡ
Ȼˣ
֪
ԕDҡҡͷá
û뵽ᱻӾܾ΢΢㶣ʵ㲻𣿡
룡
ڣΪʲô棿
ԕDС˵档
ܺģDDòãںDD档
ߣͷӡ
ͷӾ̽ңҲŲϵ
áԕDָָͽ档
ǣֻ档
ԕD˿ڣ漴һ˵Ҳ档
ܾڣ
ЩѹæԕD˵DDϷɣȻĵġ
ԕDԣڡ
ڶ˵ͷװ˵DD͵Ϸѹ
ԕDװЦΪңҾͻϵҲŲô
ѹ
ͷDD͵棬ѹ
ԕD˺󣬶ڲһЦҲѹ
ڣ
شû뵽ġ
ҲԕDش𾪵ˣؿ
վһԵïʵ̲סЦҺüʱסˡ
ԕDЦһ޹ѹҲѹ
ڱӡТŪÿЦãְѶӱͷС
С
ԕDض죺󻵵
ﻵأӶ죬ڲЦطǳ磬СϷ
ԕDֵǲ档ŲһͶ顢顣
öûа취ֻˡ
ʲô
ԕḐڵ˵Ҫ
úúã˵꣬ͰѶӷڵϣ׼ſڵϡ
ïʵ״Ͻǰ˵ټңС̫ӵ°ɡ
ڰڰ֣ʾïʵȥţſڵϣɣDD¶ıſطǳ͡
ԕD˫˫ŵڵıϡ
ڵĶӻĺ󱳵ͶԸ˵ŕDD
ǣ
ԕDڵĺ󱳣һݣ
Ŷӣڵع
һԣ˫׼ȥԕDȴԕDӿˡ
Ҫ㡣˵꣬ں󱳣ݣһ˫Сȿҡš졣
úúáƥ΢ӿٶȣŶڸ
ڱϵԕDһߴؽšݡһЦطǳġ
վһԵïʵڹڵϹеȻǳ𾪡ǰԥʱ򣬹ټҲǳ谮ǹټҴûйڵԥ
ڣټҹڵϵһƥ̫ӵڸǡټ۰̫ӵ¡
ԕD˺ܳһöļͷϡ
ԕDڵļͷϣһ˫Сֱͷһ˫СȴĲߡ
ץŶӵֻСȣڸС
ԕDЦķǳģЦ
һڲͣ
еڵǰڿʼĹΡ
ԕDڵĻ㱳ŷ޵¡
α鱳زõڵĿ佱
긣ĹΣֿʼ顣ԕDԭΪû飬û뵽һ̡
һԕDͲˣشڵĻ
ԕDŸ֣˵㣬èè
˫۶ʱһûӦ۰Ͱ͵ؿڡ
һЦ磺èè
ʹ׽Բأһֱ浽ǰ
ţԕD͸ڸá
ιԕDԷĶǳҲǳСģûԕDҭš
һ磬ԕDЩˣһķιӳԷڲš
ţִԕDȥɢʳ
ɢ경ԕDˣֱڸ˯ûһڽ̸֡
DDҪҪд֣
ԕD˿ڣȻ뵽һ⣬ץëһ
ڸոдõһɰ壬ͱһһͨˡҲɶӺ
ԕDһһŪһ˫Сմīʹ̧Լһ˫С֣ڵڵ϶ī
һԕDŪ˴̲סЦ˳˴è
ӵСӣݵ˵DDС
ٺٺ١ԕDЦһ漴ץëڵϻ
ûֹһûһͱ߰㣬ûһǸɾġ
ʵԕDڵϻһˣСôֻŤŤһһЩһϻһˡ


18 
ͱ̫ӵ°κһڳϴˣٴ󳼿ʼӡǶϣ̫ӵ°κӣ׽̫ӵµĺûᡣ˵ܱ̫ӵ°κһǳҵ顣
һʼûע⵽飬ŷִǶ˺ӡ
ôûӣǼ°͹ģ̲סȤǲ̫׽
ʵǼҲӣǲ˼Ͼ֮ǰһֱЦӵķ͡ӣһᱻͳЦġ
һ˵ӲÿʵԼӺܺÿ
ŷǷ׷׵ͷ˵ԼӲÿ
ڿ˿Ǽͷ˵ǼӵȷÿǼĲȻҲǳڡ
ô˵Ǽĵһǲӣǹټǲӡ
ԼĺӣһԵõ˵óͦÿġ
ڿͣЩ˵ÿûϵǷвŻǾԲǰ
ŷǼûסСЦ˳
ͱ˵£ϴʵ˵ֲ
ڵͷͬȷ
ͣôùټ⻰ڿ
ûٵ٩ͣع˵¡
ܻʺԕDϡʵԕD߸ܻʺ󣬲ܻʺٰ߻ظ
վһԸԕDľڸȥˡ
һܻʺͷ󺹾ͣСӳܻʺӻһɾ·
ԕDһˣݸһЩģԵġ
ģԕDסˣҪȥ档
݋ݣҵ
ܻʺӵСæ㲻ȥŵ
ȥ档
ȥ棿
Լȥ档
Լȥ棿
ԕDص˵СԴţԼȥ档γһˣȥ͸طûȥ
Уȥɡ
ԕDܻʺӦˣϲض˵лл݋ݡ
ܻʺԪɺԪظԕDԪǲܻʺźԕD̡
ԕDشԪǳˡ
̫ӵһ˳ȥ氡һǣ̫ӵҪǳʲôͲˡ
ܳʲô顣ܻʺ͸һ񣬡ڹУ˭Ϊ
ҲǣﻹЩġ
ԪɡԪػտÕDDġݣܻʺĸ׵һҲĶӳ¡
ݼܻʺһҲģҲ˵ʲô
ԕDķߡ
ԪߣܾˡСѼһҡҡλεǰ棬Ԫǿɰˡ
СһЩۣԕDͷٶȡСһ˫ֱڱҡͷԵš
֪жɰúĻ˵ԪȵزҪҪġ
ǰᾭ԰ԕD·԰ʱ򣬻ժ˼֦׼뿪԰ʱԶ
ʱգһֱ̫ҽĵص£Ӻõزˡģٰ׾ͽߣɢɢġ
г԰Ҳûõطͻɢġٰ׾԰ɢ
һʱû԰԰ŭŵĻ䣬˵Ȼ˲١ԕDʱʱûˡ
ԪɺԪؼˣϽٰ׼ԕDҲæ
ԕD˲û񣬻װʶ˫ֲͷˣ˭
΢΢ӸµؿԕD
ԪСضԕD˵̫ӵ£ˡ
˼ԕDྫ¿ɰ۵׻һĨûˣĶȴغúõأһ̫ӣǲƽ
ԕDһãȻʵʲô˵ָָ꣬ˣΪʲô񣿡
̫ӣƷ׵͵ӼҪġȻܳ裬ֻˣ̫Ҫġ
ݵƷ׸ߣԕDǲҪģԕDҪ
ʵԪסˣһʱ䲻֪ôش
⻰һ˲۵׻һĨ䡣ǲĶӣСС;ͻˡ
ԕD˫ֲһСˣΪʲô񣿡
ɫǳѿԪǼ״һĶʱ˻̫ӵ²
ɨˡһ󣬾ת뿪ˡ
ղţ̲סԕD֡ǣ֪ԕD̫ӣ̫ܵʲôֻʱ뿪
ԕD뿪ıӰߵԪɣΪʲôˣ
⡭ԪɺԪز֪ôش
ת뿪ŭǻʺĶӣڵĳ谮ƽǰȴԕDҪ񣬶˵
ٰ׼ˣҿ˵ʲô
΢΢ۣΪʧȥͻʧ裬۸裬Σ
裬ˣ
뿪԰ԕDҲ뿪ˡŻıǰСߵ̲ߵ
ںͰ£ïʵ⡣ԶԶؿһС£뵽̫ӵ£ͼæ˹ȥ߽һȻ̫ӵ¡
μ̫ӵ¡
ԕD˫ŻСԴ˿ïʵС¶Цݣ֪㡣
ïʵ|˫ɻؿ̫ӵ¡
ǵߵˡ
Сǹټߵ̡ïʵû뵽̫ӵ¼ǵ־ϲСïʵ̫ӵ¡
~ï~ʵ~ԕDŴŴؽһеïʵĶˡ
̫ӵҹټҵ𣿡
ԕDͷţҵ˵꣬ïʵʵҵ𣿡
ܣСʹȥҹټҡ̫ӵ̫ɰˡ
ԕDïʵЦЦлл㡣
̫ӵˡïʵʵ̫ӵ£С˱߰ɡ
ԕDҡҡͷҪҪԼߡ
Сĵ㡣
ïʵ|ԕDߡ̫ӵ»ˤ̫ӵߵطǳȣûˤ
̫ӵ£ȥɡ
ԕDïʵͷҽȥˡ
ԪɺԪûиŽȥïʵһſڡ
ԕDûм߽鷿վſڰСԴ˽ȥ濴˿ŷǡ
Ǽа
ԕḐСȣż˽ȥߵ
ڸնյȲ裬ͻȻӴӰһСԴһڲˮǺɤҵؿȿȿȡ
ټңû°ɣĵʵ
û¡æеĲյվŷԕD֣DD
ԕDӺ˳ںٺٵЦ
ʱǲŷ̫ӵվ
ԕDСܵڵǰȵضе
ְѶӱӵıӣôˣ˵꣬˫Żʵ⻨˭ģ
ժġԕDһپյݸڣ͸
һȣ͸ң
԰͸
ֽӹȰЦллDD
лԕD˵ʹڵȥȻߵŷǵǰеһֻ𻨵ݵŷ޵ǰ㡣
ŷֱɵˣؿԕD
ŷûзӦԕDСԴʵ㲻Ҫ𣿡
ҪҪҪŷ޻ع˫ֽӹԕD͸һ֦ľػɫ˵лл̫ӵͻ
˵꣬ԕDߵǰеһ֦͵ǰ͸㡣
͸ң£ҲϽɫؽӹ̫ӵ͵ľأл̫ӵ¡
ԕDСֻ仨ںŷǾûˣǷǻûյ
ûˣժ˻͸ǡԕDذοǵǲҪģǾлˡ


19 
̫ӵôôɰ(*??*)
̫ӵ̫ɰ(??)
̫ӵ̫ɰ(*^^*)
ǷǼĻָ׼ȷ֣
ǣǱȴʮϸĻǵǳ͡
л̫ӵ¡
ԕD˵ָ꣬ͣ˵ӡ
ͱԕDƺסˡǼ̲סЦҺüʱסˡ
ԕDСԴŷ̵ͣ˵ӣҼǵ㡣
ܱ̫ӵ¼סһǳҵ顣
ͻعɫЩ˵л̫ӵ¡
ԕDԷ֣
ԣɵض
ԕDԷͲЦͶԷ͵ĺСħצ
ӴͻȻԕDذκӣεۣһûס˳ȻһӴﺬпųɷ֡
͵ĲҽԕDЦطǳġ
ҲЦ˳ԕD֣DDܰη͵ĺӡ
ټңû¡ͺǺƤ˵ܱ̫ӵ°κǳҡ
Ǽⷬ׷Ҫ
û뵽ͻ˵ôġĻöסˡһžѹЦ͵˵ֻ̫Ӽ㣬ĺӡ
ĺӣΪԵõ˵ĺӶ̫࣬ӵ°Ρ
޳ܣ
޳϶
ûϣľȻô޳ܣ
ǼⷬҪĻˡʶͶ꣬ûзһֱķ;Ȼô޳ĵһ棬ǹĿ࿴
̫ӵ»Ҫγĺ𣿡ͷǳġʵ
ǼͰյ̫ӵµǰ̫ӵٴΰĺӣǡ̫ˣ
ķͣǼȻôҪķһ١
ŵĺӣΰײΣԕDٴȥѷ͵ĺӡ
͵ĺӷǳӲҲǳ̫ðΣԕD˾ţ֮Ű
̫ӵ»Ҫ𣿡÷͵ĶǼģһǵĵˡ
ǼٴͲҪ
ġģڶЩȥˣЩ˵ͣ㲻Ҫ̫ӡûһ๢ֱķ;Ȼôķеһ档
Ҳȥˣѵⷶͣϣ֣㲻Ҫ̻̫ӵ¡
ͷҿûн̻̫ӵ¡
ڶԕD֣DD
ԕD͸һǳɰЦݣӣһ󻨸㡣
һϲл̫ӵ¡
ԕDû˵ʲôԹԵߵڵߡ
Ҫĺӡ
¶Σ漴ְѶӱͷ͵ӵǰǳֳ˵ΰɡ
ٺٺ١ԕDذ˰ڵĺӡ
ӴڱεؽһǹеطǳΪǶӿġ
ԕDЦطǳ
Сֳ˵һС
ٺٺ١
ǿںԕDܻ֮ϲظЦݡ
ټңûʲôˣˡ
ոոټزˣҲˡ
ڵͷ
ˡ
߳ŷҲ̲ס̧·͵ƨɡ
ͱߵ£壡ŷ޵֡
͸Ƕŷ޹˹ƣߵĺã
ϣְû鳼Ǳʰŷͣ˵ո̫ӵǸĵӣǴ۽硣
͵ϣ֣ҷҽʶ㡣
Եû뵽һֱϣ֣ȻҲġ
ŷбһ۷ͣղŶ̫ӵǸķе̫ˡ
ô˵һҲǳ⡣
ǾǼ̫ܺӵ׽˵꣬ԺҫۺӣҪ̫ӵº׽Ǿѧӡ
Էͷһ޴İۣǲŲѧ㣡
ǾͿҺ̫ӵ׽ɡ
๫һ̫ӵһ¸
ͬһĽҵġͬ֡ǰ꣬ⱻ
ŷûסٴ̧߷ͣαͶˡ
Ȼ͵ͱȺǴʮ꣬ͺǵĹϵҲֳƽҲ档
к󣬺Ǽͷ͵ĹϵԽԽá
һ˴ֵػصԺ
ԺǺƽʱ칫ĵط׼ȷ˵ԺǺԺİ칫ҡ
صԺŷǼæĿǰеĻ˳ǻкܶطҪĽ
鷿ιԕDԵġιӳԵģʶʲô
ԕD˵ղ飬뵽֮ǰ԰һ¡
˭
ڱʵ£DDأ
ԕDͷʵ˭
ǵӣС
ǡԕDͻȻСǳ࣬ŲССǽĽ㡣˵ĽĽ㣬ָĽ㣬Ҳݡ
ҲС
ڵĻû˵ͱԕDϣǣСǽĽ㣡
һĹĵģæúúãС
СԕDǳֵ˵СǽĽ㣡ֻС
DD˵öԣСڼֻСοˡǣӲСҲЩʧҲ˵ӣҲԸԕDС
˭Ϊʲô񣿡ԕDһɻ˵ҶΪʲô񣿡
ʵҭסˡ˵Ʒף̫Ҫġ
סԕD΢΢˵ϲҡ
⻰΢΢üͷأ
ԕDСԴ˵ңɵطǳס
֪СӶԴ˵ǳУܴӴϸܵ߶⡣
̫ߵ˽н
ԪɺԪ˽˸
ʵ·ϣ̫ˣ
Ԫɴǵģټҡ
ʲô飿
ղ̫ӵ԰ɻ԰ɢˡ̫ӵ²ʶˣ˭Ϊʲô񣬡Ԫɶ£ԥ£˵Щˣ˵һ䡭˵Ԫɲ˵ȥˡ
˵ʲô
˻˵ǻʺĶӣȻ˾뿪ˡԪ˵꣬˵һ䣬뿪ʱɫѿ
꣬΢΢ʵûж̫ʲô
ûУʲôû
ڻ˻֣ʾԪȥ
DD棬òãԕD˭ڴȥ棬תע
ԕDҡҡͷؾܾá
ܾºȰԕDΪʲôã
ҪԼ档ԕDڵϻСǳ˵Լȥ档
Ҫȥ棿
ԕDСԴգգۣߵ
ĲҪ𣿡
݋˵æҲҪŵҪԼ档ԕDڻ˻С֣ˡ
ߡڶ·Сġ
ڲԕDïʵ
ԕD˸ߣžߵԺߵԺſڣ洫ִ


20 
˳ܣ
ԕD˫۵ʱһСС˹ȥ
ïʵ̫ӵҡҡλεţæ˵̫ӵ£㡭Ļû˵꣬ͼ̫ӵˤˣŵʧɫæ˹ȥ̫ӵ¡
̫ӵ¡ïʵԭΪ̫ӵ»ޣ׼ο̫ӵ£̫ӵġ
ԕDïʵŵؿ̧ȵЦЦҲۡ
ïʵһ˲䱻У÷ǳ
̫ӵ治𣿡˵꣬ϸؼԕD˫֣̫ӵµһ˫СûвƤһ
ԕDҡҡͷ˵ۡ˵̧꣬ïʵļһС˵οҲۣ㲻Ҫޡ
ïʵЦݣ̫ӵû¾ͺãС˲ޡ
ԕDصͷԣ
̫ӵ¿ԵïʵһĶҪˡ
̫ӵ̫ɰˣ
˻ڳܣԕDοïʵС˹ȥ
ͷִŷһԿϷȫûȰܵ˼
ïʵ׼˵̫ӵ¼ݵԕDʳָڴ߶˵ꡱϽ졣
ԕDվԺſڣ̽ӣСԴ˽ȥһ˫Բ۾ض濴
ԭǷͺͰڳܰ
ͺͰԭִϵһЩ飬ǳųžͿʼʫġ
ԕDſſһͷߣС¶ǳı顣
ڳܣڶʫİ
һԣһߺȲ迴ϷһΪͻ߰Ȳʣʫ˵ĺá
ԕDǳܾôڲͬʫ
ںȲĺȻſڶһСԴһڿˮǺɤžҵؿ
ԱߵŷޣϽԱŲŲľ롣
ɹ磬ܲܺúúȲ裿
ûдŷޣϽվſ˹ȥ
μ̫ӵ¡
ۡںȲŷޣһڲˮ˳
ڳܵķͺͰֱסˣæݣǳߵſԕD񣬷·ղʲô鶼ûз
ԕD˿ǣ˵
л̫ӵ¡
ԕDͺͰСԴʵΪʲôܣ
ʵķͺͰɫһ졣˵϶һĨεɫ
̫ӵ£ûгܣղںϣʫʡ
æͷ͵ԣϣʫʡϣǰ֡
ԕDͷ˵݋˵ǲԵģǲܳܡ
ͷһ˵̫ӵ½ѵ
ԕDǰһº͵ʵ̫ӵ£ôԺأ˵곯ԕD˿ֻïʵ̣ûйټҡټأ
档ԕDŴŴ˵Ҫ㡣
վԕDïʵ˵๫̫ӵԼ棬ûùټ㡣
ͷ漴ЦԕD̫ӵʲô
ΪʲôԕDʵ
̫ӵ£Ժ¡ʱע⵽̫ӵ»վ⣬Ͻ̫ӵ˫֣̫ӵ£ȱɡ
á˵꣬ԕDͶԺſ˫֡
̫ӵҪģȵغһĶʱһ롣СرԕD
ԕD˫§źĲӡ
СرԕD߽Ժ̫ӵ£Ժ
ԕDһ˫ۺؿ˿ڷ˺ܶӣϰ˺ֽܶź鼮Щû֮һͨİ칫ط
̫ӵ±ڻССһţ˼֣Ȼ᲻÷̫ӵ¡
Ǽ̫ӵ²֣һʮĽʺޡҲ뱧̫ӵ¡
ĽĿ⣬ǵЦЦ
ŷʹʹ񣬲˫֣ʾ⺫һ̫ӵ¡
Ʋͷû̫ӵ¡ŷòᣬŷ޺ݺݵص
ǷͷӦ죬ɹ磬㲻Ҫ̫ӵվŰϿ̫ӵ
ŷæ͵԰ɹ磬Ͽ̫ӵ
ŭصһ۷ͣǲ鲻Ըطе̫ӵ¡ȻԕDλϡ
ϸߵſڶïʵԸɷȡһЩĸ̫ӵã
СȥáïʵЩûڣôû뵽̫ӵȡġ
ԕDںλϣǼߡ
Ҳ
˵ȲۣҪ
⻰һ˵õ˵ĵͷ
̫ӵ£ȲۣҪ
Ͳ̫ܿӵ£Ǻòлӽ̫ӵ£̫ӵԶԶġ
ԕD˿ǣգգʵĲ𣿡
Ȳۡ
ԕDŷǼжߣһ|||ʡؿЩë
ʱïʵŵ˽
μ̫ӵ¡ïʵԕD˸󹧾˵̫ӵ£õġ
áĶЩˡ
ïʵ˹𻨸⡢ҡ̵ģԕD׼һյˮ
ԕDһ𻨸⣬ССڵس
һԵİǼ˫۴ȰؿųԵĵ̫ӵ¡úһ仰ΪʲǾǰǼһȸЦؿԕD
ïʵվſڣŷǼڵϣһճյ̫ӵ³Եģ濴Щȴַǳɰ
ԕDһǼ۰Ͱ͵ؿһʱ䲻˼ȥ
̫ӵͻȻˣһĵʵ̫ӵ£ǲǵĲθڣ
ǣĺóԡԕDǣһĵݵǰԡ
ֱӴˣҳԣ
԰ԡԕDּһ䣬ܺóԵġ
Żعɫϲּ˫ֽӹԕD͸ĵġ
л̫ӵʹ͡
ŷǼõ̫ӵʹ͵ĵģһʵ۾ˡ
ԕDһĵݸŷޣɿɰ˵Ҳԡ
ŷû뵽ԼҲУ΢΢£һм˵л̫ӵʹ͡
͸Ǽŷ޺ͺõ̫ӵʹ͵ĵģǶʱڴ
ԕD۰Ͱ͵ЩЦͬʱ⸱ͶιģĪĿɰ
Ҳԡ
̵ģֻʮģԕDָŷǺ󣬾ʣˡ
ÿ˵õ̫ӵµһģһЦ棬ٷƻҪˣ·ǵõ˲ι
ԕDŵĳٳٲԣ¶ɻʵǲ𣿡
̫ӵ£ؼҳԣ𣿡᲻ó̫ӵʹ͵ĵġ
԰
ŷǽ˵ڲҲؼҳԡ
Ǵؼҳ԰ɡԕD˵Ǿúóԣҿٸǳԡ
л̫ӵ¡
ԕDʣµģϽ֣
ӺԕDָָʣµġ
á
ǣ̫ӵ¡ְװĵӶ˵ԕDǰ̫ӵ£
ллԕDСԴʲô
̫ӵ£
ԕDתת漴ԺЦһãҿԽ㺫𣿡

£漴˵ԣ̫ӵôоôС
ԕDֽӹеĵģȵߵſڡǼǼһֱ֣̫ӵ·ȵ
ߵſڣïʵǰ׼ֱԕDȴԕDܾˡ
ҲԡԕD°ָָӵĵģˣһһġԕD͸ǵģôҲïʵǡ
ïʵסˣһʱûзӦԪɺԪҲסˡ
ĺܺóԵģǲ𣿡
ԳԳԡïʵعڵ˫ֹشԕDӹģСл̫ӵʹ͡
ԪɺԪҲл
ԕDЦЦ˵
ŷǼԕDѵҲ͸ïʵǣûǳϲ 
̫ӵСС;ʰ֮ģǹټҵĶӡ


21 
ڸһӣӳٳûлʵ̫ȥˣôûл
һԵ̫ӵ֮ǰȥԺ֪ںδ
ԺüͷôȥԺ
С˾Ͳ֪ˡ
ڷеĲյվߣȥԺ
ǣټҡ
ڻû߽ԺſڣԶԶԺﴫĻЦ
ֵͦİ
վԺſڵïʵˣæǰ񣺡ټҡ
̧̧֣ʾïʵվָָԺʵôô֣
عټҵĻ๫̫ӵ档
ڼïʵһ̿ģ΢ʵ̫ʲô
ïʵ˸Сӣȥ֪ˡ
⻰Խ棬ãȥ
첽ߵԺſڣûмŽȥվſ͵͵濴ĿĻ档
ֻǼſڵ̫ӵǵϣﻹšݡ
ԕD֮ǰģ׼뿪Ժٴźǰ칫û뵽ȴǱʾ̫ӵˣ̫ӵƽʱϲʲô
ǺԼŵģԕDȻ˵ƽʱһǼ򵥰Ǽ̫ӵµġ
ŷǼǳ͢سڼҲǾǵĶӵ˵ܱ̫ӵµҲһҡУټҶ̫ӵµǸ̫ӵµţҲˡ
ڼسԶһġӣֻ÷ǳЦ
ԺǼŸ̫ӵûע⵽վſڡ
ڿһ뿪ˣïʵæȥټңȥ𣿡
ȥˣɡЦ˵޽ȥǻ᲻ڡ
ټ˵ǡïʵ뵽λ๫̫ӵµĻ棬̲סЦ˳
̫úǵģ
ǣǺ๫̫ӵġïʵѸղԺ﷢飬ϸϸظ˵ˡСź๫Ǻϲ̫ӵ£һֱڶ̫ӵ档
˺ֵЦݣDDྫ¿ɰֹɴ˭ϲ
ټ˵öԡ
ڻͷһԺʧЦû뵽ǾȻôġ
ïʵ֪ڲûֺķϣټң˭ǵ̫ӵôϲ
˵öԣDDϲô棬ˡǼDDɣȵʱٱDDš
ǣټҡ
ǼԕD̫ӵ˶èè
һԕDˣͱд֡
ԕDȻúõд֣ץëֽϺһһŪֶīʹںϣŪúīȻûк˱ˣҲѰǼŪīˮ
̫ӵŪŷǼû̵ؼ档
ȵʱïʵԕDȥš
ԕDߵʱ򣬶Ժǰ˰֣ޡˣԺ档
ǣ̫ӵ¡
Ǽ̫ӵ¡
ߵſڣԕDïʵſ˫֣ŴŴ˵ˣ㱧ȥҵ
ïʵͲãϲ˵ǣ̫ӵ¡˵꣬Ȳ||ְԕD
ǿһĻЩĽʵǺ̫ӵȥ
ԕD˫§ïʵĲӣٴζŷǼ˻֣ҲҪԹԵš
ǣ̫ӵ¡
ԕDȻ뵽ʲôԷ˵ǵҰժǡ
û뵽̫ӵ»ǵͻһ£æлл̫ӵ¡
ˣǡ
̫ӵߡ
λ๫С˸ˡ
ߡȻïʵ̣ǺǶһȽϿֻǿڹټҵϣïʵһ
Ŀïʵ̫ӵ뿪ֱӰŻصԺ
ïʵԕDصҲڡ
ڴïʵﱧӣ˫īʵôŪ˫ֶī
ǽд֡ԕD˵꣬Ͱһ˫СڵϡϣЩī
д֣дʲô֣
ԕDҡҡͷûдһ˻ҲҪд֣Ͻתƻ⣬Ҷˡ
ïʵšڷԸ
ǣټҡ
ڱŶû֣һȰʵȥˣʲô
ȥԺ棬ͺ档ԕD˵ͺèè
һԵĸ⻰һĲ˼飺DD๫èè
֪ǼģҲǡǸӡǳ࣬һҲDDӡ
԰ǺܺõġԕDЦ˵컹档
תͷڣһ𾪵ʵ๫DDڸǶǲӣǲġ
ġ
⡭ŵˣôܣ
ǺϲDDڵ
ԕDͷ˵ԣϲңҲϲǡʷϵһںϵˣ̫ˬ̫гɾ͸ˡֱСҲûκκôģܡС۴۸ЩС
ƺֳһDD˵ĺǺ๫ɣ
ԕDգգ˵Ǻ
ڸǺ
֪๫DDСʲô顣
ïʵǵĶܿ죬ûһͲúš
ڸԕDţûʳԵĹءĵʸѧʲô
ظѧʲô͸ڱԹѧĶԽԽ࣬ҲԽԽѡ
ڹúѧҪ֮
ں͸̸ݣԕDţרĵسŷ
ŮӣԺҲÿ״ԪΪʲôҪѧôѵĶȻܹɣڶ棬Сӵӣûô
ŮҲҪúö飬͵
ô˵죺֪ˡ˵꣬ԕDʵǕDDԺҲһôѵ𣿡
ԕD⻰Ŀ⿴ڡ
ӵСԴȰ˵DDԺĸѡ
ͬؿԕDǕDDԺǱһ
DDϼ縺źҪĵӣҪȺ顣
ԕD֪ܿơڲһ࣬껹ʱ䣬ңࡣ
ǕDDԺ̫ˡŶ˼;ѣԺDDҪе飬ǵöѰ
ԕDҲԼܿ
ЦЦ˵DD㲻һ㻹Ҫúö飬Ϊ㣬ҪDDһð
֪ˣһúöġҪDDһðҪúö飬ҲҪúд֡
ֱںˣԕDﳤ̾˿̫ˣһһεرƭѹԺᱻƭؼ޸⡣
ԕDˣθڴ󿪣һķű
ţڴԕDȥɢʳɢʱںϷԕD͸ˡ
һϷͻȻı⣬ǧġϷ
ԕDһǸϺꡣû뵽ʱôãڻǺ桶ǧġ
ˣԕDȴûд𡣲ôǲںΡ
ɢһԕDˣڱص
ԕD˯£ïʵڻ㱨ټң˲ˡ


22 
ĸׯ̫ܲ׵ܵܡԴ֪ׯ̫ܲĸھͰѶׯ̫ܲĿǷȫֲϡ
Щ꣬ڲϸټְǰְ꣬ͬƽ£ܾˡ
Ϊ·ǳ͵ûΪڿؾͱÿԴ෴ԽǱھأԽǵ͵⼸꣬ôӹٽȫܾˡֹˣӲᵳӪ˽ԶһȨơԽԽڸӾ
ڣ˺ȻˣȻǳġȥ˵ʱ򣬻ѹ̫ҽȥ˿ֻ˷纮ûʲô󰭣ڻǲ̫ġ
⼸գ˳ͻȥˡȻһֱ˵û£ùټڲȥϵȵĲҩ
˼ôٲȥԼϿΪ͸ϺòҩĹϵβʮͺˡ˺лڡ
ڼ˵Ĳˣͷˡ
ʱں졣
ǹ˵壬ž͸ҳ
˱ʾӺ˺ܶ࣬ⶼ˹ټʹ͵ĲҩʾһжãڲҪģҲҪʹͶ
ڿվߵ⣬ĵѯСܵ
˵޶ۣ鲻ùпټҵĺ񰮡
˵ͻС鲻̫żҪ
ʵⲢСʮ꣬ˡ˵ʹͶ⣬͸Ͻתƻ̫ӵ顣
ᵽӣڵϲ¶Цݣ˵ӵһЩȤ
̫ӵǴϻ۹ˣǹټҵĶӡ
˾ҲкЩûмDD˰ɡڶԺһԵïʵԸȥ̫ӱ
ǣټҡ
ԕDںͲܻʺèè
պȻ䣬ܻʺ󲻸ԕDԼһ˳ȥ棬ҲԕDȥ棬Ķܷ纮
Сһܷ纮׷ȡһȾͻز۵Σաܻʺһ㶼öܷ纮
ܳȥ棬ԕDҲû֣ܻʺȥΪá˵ԼҲĳȥᶳðɲҸðһð˵ͻ˹زۡ
ʱïʵ˽ܻʺ񣺡ʺټС˱̫ӵȥˡ
áܻʺ˵꣬תͷԸȥЩ䣬ܻʺĶӻᶳԸϵĺƤ硣ɫ磬ĵԕDԽɰˣǵýо˹֪𣿡
ԕDɵص˵ͷ֪ˣ݋ݡ
ܻʺӵСȰضȥ
áԕD˵꣬תïʵſ˫֣㱧Ұɡ
ǣ̫ӵ¡ïʵСذԕDڻʺС˸ǡ
ܻʺͷûжʲôȴģϽïʵ
䣬Ҫ̫ӵ£Ҫ̫ӵ´
ǣݡïʵ˵ģС˻Ụ̫ӵ£̫ӵ
ǾͺáĵԕD
ïʵٴ񣬱̫ӵ뿪
ڼïʵŶӻˣվǰȥïʵĻﱧӡŻɫĺƤ磬ĵԽƯɰ·еСͯӡ
ԕDСȵЦЦ
ӵСӵСȣûб紵䣬ˡ
DD䲻䣿
䡣ԕDֻС֣ڵ㿴ҵֲ䡣
סӵһֻС֣ͷףͺá
˴ϽԕD񣺡úͲμ̫ӵ¡
μ̫ӵ¡
ԕD˿˺⡣˳һʵغǳ޺ⳤһŷǳƽӲߣȴǳ֣վ˵һ
ǿӺһӵⰡһҲ䲻ϸ
ɡ
л̫ӵ¡
ԕDܵDDλǾ˹ǵľ˾ˡ
ԕDˣԹԵؽһ˹˵ӡ󲻴һǳʶȤˡ
˳ϻ̳Ͽֵ˵ҵ
ڼܵλǵıܣҪб塣
ضڻԕDЦе˵̫ӵÿ
ߣΪҺÿҾͶı俴
ԕD⿴ǲڽ塱
DDôб尡
ԕDתתɰС¶޹ɫָָ˵ÿ
شû뵽ģ΢΢㶡
˵ÿֱӴסˣ¶ŭίı
̫ӵ¾Ȼ˵ÿ̫ˣ̫ӵºÿ
΢΢£漴Ц˵ټң̫ӵԽԽˣ۾ĸһģһ
ô˵ɫü𣿡ĸׯ̫ܲûʲôӡ󣬶òǼǲ
ģ̫ӵµһ˫۾˽㡣֪ľĽ㣬ԺܴתƻתƵ֮鿴̫ӵ£һǳο
ᵽĸڵϲεɫ˾ˣ݋Ļο𣿡
һǳ˵ġ˵ǳ϶ʱ򳤵÷ǳƯ̫ӵҲǳÿ
ԕD仰̸̾߻˵
ټң㲻ģҪһֱ𡣡֪һֱûТׯ̫ܲһ¹ڻ̫ӵ¸ͬһҪǹͲ̫ӵˡټΪÿǷ㣬취ֲǳ̿֡
仰˵ڵĿˣ˲١
˾˵ǡ
ԕD˸ղŵĻﲻ߿ܻ֡ʶȴ裬͵µ̫ˡϧôһӡ
˹ԕD˫֡
£漴ɫü޴ܱ𣿡
Ȼܱ˾˱DDڰѻĶӵݸˡ
СذԕDڻԕD΢΢ЦЦ˲ȵˡ
̫ӵǹɡ
DDһ˳ڵ⡣
˵СʱǳɣСʱͷǳƤ˱ԕDҡţ̫ӵµӦСʱ򡣡
𣿡һ죬݋СʱҲɣ
ʱ򣬾;˵ɶ˵Ƥ£óúõظѧ⻰ںڣġСʱ͋݋ݵĻȴǳĻ
û뵽˾СʱƤ
СʱɵƤˡ¶ɫ˵Сʱ飬÷ǳ档ԽԽöĸҲԽԽöӾĸĶ͡
˸Сʱ飬Ҳ̲סڣټңأ
ԕDһ⻰üͷ⾹Ҵ⣬ǳıӵ


23 
ڶ, ҪʱѧܣһǳϲҸʲô𣿡
⺩ЦЦҺþûм, Ҳ֪òã
ڱڻеԕD, ۵׻һĨ䣬⿴ʵͽģû뵽ССĻȴ
Щʵ
ͷ͸һ档
һ, ȵʱ޾ͰѸڿ˵, ˾һŰɡ
ټңʹá
˵Ļû˵ͱڴϣ˾ˣ޺þûкһ, һš˵, תͷԸïʵȥһ׼һЩ˰ԵĲˡ
һ͸һ, Цطǳġ
˼ڷҪҲֻܴӦ
ʱЩʱ, ھͿĹΡ
ƽʱڼҲúö, ʮ, һƪᱳڶԴûҪúö顣
˷ǳرʾ̫谮⣬ֻҪ˵, Ͳ顣
˻ǳؽ̵, ˵Ϊ۾Ͳúö顣Ϊ, ͸úúö顣
رʾԺһúö顣
ô˵, ʹ͸һ׽ķı
ʱ˸ոɫ԰׵ؿڴϡ
ټ𣿡
˽ˡٰ׼ɫÿСĵذοӣˣټһġ
ǰʱգټټҸ״˵̫ӵԭΪټһû뵽ȴټѵһ١
ټ˵խȻһ̫ӵ½ƽϡ˵ö̫񡣰չأǸø̫ӵ񡣹ټһ˵Ӳ̫ӵǰ˵Ǿ䡰ǻʺĶӡ
ӵȻ͸ټҳټҾԽԽȡ֣ԹټԽԽ۰
ټûиӳӺú÷ʡ
Ժ󣬹ټҾҲû
ʼգ˲Ϊ⣬ùھͻԹǵ˺üûеڣЩˡ
ܳڶһ򡰰˳Ҳ죬üǵһΡ
ڲüû󣬻һĶûСں˳ܣŲҲһ
γܣڶ˲ܲʣʶˡ
ٰףټˣǵһιټô
ӣټˣȻҲüûٰһʼ͸˵ˣȴôΪÿ˶ȥټңټҿ϶ǣÿȥټңټҶǴûй
˽üͷɫյ˵û뵽ټһô
ӣ˵̫ӵµĲǣټҵȻҪٰ׼ʶԼˣŸҰﻰ˵֪ټ̫ӵ£˵̫ӵµĲǡ˵̫ӵֻһ࣬ΪһຢӼƽϣǲЩˣ
ٰôһ˵˳Ĭ
αظ̫ӵ¼ƽϣٰ׿ĵȰ˵̫ӵǹټΨһĶӣǴεĴټ̫ӵӦõģȴΪ̫ӵ¸ټҳܣⲻǹǹټ𣿡
Ҿ
Ǻοأٰ׼Ȱ˵ξǹټˣǹټֻ»ᡭʧ裬ٰ֣ײ˵
û˵ԭΪڹټҪˣǲĶҲûҪڹټûвҪ
һֱǹټĿҪˡ
ӣ̫ӵ²ֻǹټҵĶô򵥣̫ӵǴεĴԼҲһֱϣܸټ»𣿡ٰ׾֪˻ô룬û̫ӵ£ټҾͱ̻ӣ˵̫ӵ¶ԹټزҪ
һį˵ûΪټ»ӡ»ӣһᱻΪ̫ӡ
ӣᣬΪټ»ӡٰ˵Ϊټ»ӣ˵̫ӵڹټûôҪˡô˵ΪӲҪٶ̫ӵ²š
⻰ǰʱһ˵öԣֻҪ»ӣĶӾûôҪˡ
ڹټӱȻʺҪ»ӣ϶ȵù̫ӵ¡
仰˵˵ˣϲɵ¶Цݣ˵öԣҪӣȡΪټ»ӡ
ô̫ˡٰ׼˰Ļ˽ȥﳤһⲻǡ
ȵϣȥټⲻǡ⣬Щڣټǲҡ
ӣʱˣҪҪţ
š˵ҵӡǰʱΪڳܣְԼˡ
ūȥ׼š
һߣѧͱӵ˵˺ˣûʲô߸˵ķӦ
Թɵظָ˺񣬡˹塣
˵ܵǰ ˰
⣡˳öԹ񡣡˵꣬Ͻ򸣿񣬡
죬򸣿
˾ˣһ˲ôߣСϲܺá
øƨ
ԕD
Ǹĳȴ˱֣ӲѸ޸⣬¸һҡ
ص˵ͷҺϲ
˿û˵Ǵı̫ܿϲ⡣
ԕDߵǰվǰָ˵ҵģҲϲ˵ֲ꣬һ䣬ǳףԺҽԶһ㡣
ԕDôԵػǳģȳǹҪġ
ֱɵˣԕD
ҲӵĻ£һŷӦԕDӵСЦֳ˵DDôôԵ
ԕDƿڵ˵ҵģҲϲ߽㣡
ϲ㲻𣿡
ãԕDؽеһҲãҵģҵģ
æ˵DDģֻϲ㣬ϲˣ˭Ҳҡû뵽DDôϲ
ǲҪѽԕDָ⣬ڵڡ
ûУôѽ͸ˡĿǰڻûаѸ޸뷨ϾӶС
ģԕDɵؿڣûƭң
ģƭ㡣
Ҫϲ㣬Ҫ㡣
DD岻ġ
ҲšԕDڵĻҶû취ֻðҲϲߡ
DD֣ôܸߡڶغ岻ġ
ⱻԕDô˵ίˣɫС¶ίı顣
̫ӵ£ûи
һֱ˵ϲ㣬ҲŲ㡣ԕDװͰ͵ض˵㲻𣿡
DDСǳ㲻ôԳ˵
ԕDŭڣһĹĵġ
Ҳϲˡ˵꣬Ÿ֣㣬ߡ
һѱԕDϾҪˣȥﰡ
ԕD죬ʱҲҪҪ
˼״Ŷӵǰ˵ټң£ȸˣ´š˵꣬뿪˸
ӿˣҲû˼š
ҲҪԕDһ߿ޣһڵĻ
ԕDˣżDDˣ㲻Ҫˡ
СˣDDˣˡ
ԕDСһ޾ͣҪ݋ݡ
úúãȥҋ݋ݡ
ҲҪҪԕD޵ˮȴǳֲҪ
DDԡ
ԕDïʵ֣˵㱧ȥҋ݋ݡ
ïʵڣڶͷѻĶӵݸïʵ
ԕD˫ֱïʵĲӣҭҭ˵Ҫ݋ݡ
̫ӵ¿޵ôѹïʵˣ̫ӵµĺ󱳡
ǣСͱȥһʺ
ԕD߿ޱߵͷš
ïʵֿڣȵͬűԕD뿪
ȻҪһȥŸ߳ԕDֲˡ
ҪԕD޺ţߡߡߡ
ںһȥҋ݋ݣòã
ءãҪԕDһ˵һ߿޵طǳߣҪ㡭
ӿ޵ɤˣۡ
ڸɣҸŻȥ
ڼӲҪǺۣȥҹٹȥ
ģοDDһͺãҲҪ̫ġ
ʧЦû뵽⺢ôԵǿС䣬DD⺢ӾͲˡ
˰֮ǰΪãDD޴ֹ˵꣬ʶԼ˵ĵ飬æס졣
ᵽϸһĨˣܿʧˡ
Ե
ȻȥˣǵŰ
á
ȸ뿪ΪεҡҡͷԺߵ˵˵DD⺢ôôԵСϲ
شټң̫ӵҲϲ⹫ñ߹
Ƣ˳ͿޣҪޡǺǺЦǳ磬Ҳ֪˭
˿ڣԥ£ŵ˵Фǲټ
ޣһȣСʱûôԵܽرСʱ΢ͻᱻѵ߳ͷɲҰԵ
С˾Ͳ֪̫ӵ˭ء
ںȻ뵽ˣ̫ԵƢǸٶЩ񣬲ɵطһЦ
ɻʵټңЦʲô
ЦݣûЦʲô뵽˶Զӵ̬ȣɫʱ˼֡
ͻȻһ飬оһſڣټң
˵ȥ˵ֲ꣬һ䣬Ժ˹ϻȥ
ôŵö£æ˵ǣټҡټķǳ˵ⶼ˺Щӣټһǹټҵһô˵
ʱïʵѱԕDص
ܻʺӿ޵ˮ޵ۻˣæѶӱС
DDޡDDޡDDޡ
݋ݡԕDеطǳί
һίͰ͵ģܻʺˣ݋ڣ޲޲ޡ
ⷢʲô飿ïʵ̫ӵô޵ôģ
⡭ïʵһʱ䲻֪ô˵
ʱҴܻǵѕDDŪ޵ġ
ټŪ̫ӵ£⵽ô£
Ѹղڸܻʺ˵˵
ܻʺ˺ЩЦá
û뵽DDôϲҡЦ÷ǳ⣬ûەDD
ܻʺһָӲᣬһغDDᱻߣ˭ߡ
𣿡ԕD˵Ǹ˳òÿ˵ϲ㣬Ǹ˵
̫ӵף˵һ
̫ӵ£ԶĽ㣬ġ̫ӵôŮǶݡ
Ǹϲ㡭ԕDһ۾ͿԸͼı졣
Ǹı壬ϲܻʺ⣬ȻͨЩӺʵ
Ҳϲ㡣ԕDǳԵ˵ҵģҲǸϲ㡣
úúãϲܻʺҪޣϽ߸
ԕDܻʺľز˲䣺ǋ݋ݺãá
ܻʺ󱻶仰ЦˣΪʲôã
ϲǸˣǸ˵ԕDؿߵҲϲǸˣҲӦòϲǸˡ
ôĻܻʺʧЦ㲻ϲ壬Ͳϲ壿
ţҵģӦҵģҲϲǸˣôϲǸˡûôԵϲǸˡ
Ǹıܣϲûʲôԡ
ǲԣҲϲǸˣҲϲԕDһСˣҪϲǸˣҾͲϲ˵ּ꣬һ䣬݋ݣҪϲǸˣҲϲ㡣
ܻʺЦ˵݋ݲϲǸˡ
ԕDͷ˵ҵĺË݋ݡ
ܻʺû̲סһЦ˳ֵ˵ӵĶͷôôԵ
ԕDֿݣСǳض˵СҲϲǸˣȻҲϲˡ
ݸϽ˵úúãҲϲǸˡ
СҲǺõġԕDʱˣܳĽëϻǹ飬Ͱ͵˵݋ݣҶˡ
֪ˡܻʺӵСӣ޲ޣ
ˡԕDŴŴ˵Ҷˡ
š
ǣʺ
ΪһԕDű
ܻʺԶˣǣԺɢʳɢһԕDˡ
ԕD˯ˣھӲܻʺ֪ԭЦá
ټң̫ӵ˵ˣҺͻʺҪϲ⣬Ͳϲˡ
ڱ⻰Цˣô˵
ɲô˵ҺͻʺϲͲǺË݋ݺͺСԵ̫ӵ»˵ϲ⣬Ƕϲ
ϲϲû뵽˰Եû뵽޵ĶǸС
Ҳû뵽
ڿܻʺ󣺡СʱûôԵDDɣʺ󣿡
ܻʺһ޹˵ټңСʱûôԵ
ǕDD˭
ܻʺ˵Ȼʣ˵Ӷ游𣿡
пܡЦǸССʲôûʲôû˵ôͲϲСأ
Ϊ峤òÿ
ؽе֪ˣŮô˵⣬ڲˡ
ݣƤضͷDD˵峤òÿֲ˵ġ
ڶݻ˻֣ʾҪ⡣
DDһô֪˼Һòÿ
ɱСDDΪDDСʲôDDأȻ֪˼ҳúòÿ˵˵ȷòÿ
СȷͨҲòȡˡԵȕDDЩø
ԼòȡˣÕDDòȡ˰
һɣʲôʱòȡ˰
݋ݺͽ㳤öÿ
⻰˵ںͲܻʺЦݡ
У๫Ҳ÷ǳÿؽڵĶ̡
ô˵һʱƿԣ޷Ϊ˵öԣѡ٣ѡв֮ʿҲῴòò̫ªǲ볯Ϊٵġ
DD
ָŸЦ͕DDǺýܡ
ǳԴ˰ɡֻ´Ҫٿ壬DDģģ᲻
DDǺϲ˾ˣΪʲôϲСأ˹ˣ΢΢̾ʱÕDDС⡣ȻںϲܣǼӲϲҲͲöӼ⡣
ҲܼҡҲϲ⣬ÿμֵֹġÕDD֪Һͱ棬DDһ޵ġ
ԵӡȻΣݣʱҲҪС⡣
̫ˣ
ǳϲûбֳ
ôDDɣDDǺܼǳġ
ڶʱͷۡӲӰԵҲǳǳƢҲǳҪɲס
һһ˯ŵĶӣͻظˡ
鷿ڸ£˵ԕDİԵ顣
˺󣬷׷ױʾ̫ӵ°ԵЩûʲôã෴Ϊһ͸ðԵ
˵ıȽֱף˵ԕDСС;İ
ŷǶ̫ӵĿ佱Ƿǳġ
кӻǰԵЩȽϺá˵꣬뵽ӦѾˣûôöӣڸǣ˵޸ô
ǰ˵ټңЩĸ̫ӵ£õĺ̫ӵ¡
ԴǰʱգԕD͸ǵĺǼ˾͸̫ӵ¡˵ģǻһЩȤĶԕD
̫ˡЦǴĵģDDϲں͵ĸԕDһ£ʱԣϾԕDС
̫ӵϲͺáǴĵģеȥ꾩ĸģеǷģ߸ġ
ˡ
ټˡ
ǼҪȥ̫ӵ¸ˣͷǳʶˡ뿪ھź͵ĵȥ
ܻʺڽԕDͼ
ʱ򣬲ܻʺ鼮﷭һŵͼŵͼҴģ游ġ
Ŀǰεĵͼ϶ĻĲһڴεİͼںĻͻһ
ԕDСڵͼָһطʲܻʺ󣬲ܻʺȻϸظ˵һЩס
ָָطԕDָĺɡ
ĺɣܻʺ۵׻һĨȻظԕD˵ĺɡȻ֪Ƿǳϸظ˵ĺɵԴʷ
ԕDſϣ˫С÷ǳ档
ڽʱòܻʺԕD˵ɵ飬Щɻ󣬻ʺôDD˵ɵ飿
ˣܻʺԕD
ǰȥܻʺ׼ְѶӱ
ԕDת˸СܻʺĻƨɶڡ
һЦǿӲذѶӴӲܻʺĻﱧ˹
ԕDȥڵţҲҪҪ
DD⺢˯ѺȻڼǳ
С۶Ҳ֪˭
˺óԵĵġ
ԕDһ˫ԲĿڣ˵㲻ҪΪľҡ
㻹֪򰡡벻ģ𣿡
ԕD׵˵ܣ
ҪôҪڱŶС
ԕDǳԵ˵ҲϲǸˣҲϲǸˣȻҲҪ
ڹװʵǸ˭
ԕD˵⣬Ҳϲ⣬Ҳϲ⣡
û뵽ӻǵ֣DDΪʲôϲ⣿
ÿҪҽ㣬ҲϲԕD˵ţȥڵĺӣװͰ͵˵ҵҲϲ⣬Ҳϲ⣬ȻҲϲˡ
ڱץץۣæúúãҲϲ⣬𣿡
ԕD׼˵ԡ뵽ȸڿ»ǻø޸⡣취ڱ֤
ת£˲뵽һ⡣
Ҫ֤
֤
֤СԕDܻʺ󣬡݋ݣд֣ҪõǩֻѺ֤
⻰һ˵ںͲܻʺ󶼾ˡû뵽ӻ֪ǩֻѺǿûн
DD㻹֪ǩֻѺڴȤ֪ǩֻѺʲô˼𣿡
˵ҪǩֻѺұ֤ԕD˵㲻ҪΪСƭҡ
ǩֻѺҪ
ԕDصͷš
ãǩֻѺڼ֪ǩֻѺ档
ܻʺֽͱʣЦʶӣDDË݋ݸдʲô
дϲ⣬ϲ㣬߽㡣
ã݋ͰдܻʺÿԕDд
ԕD˿ܻʺûкͷˡ
ҪǩֻѺ
ãǩֻѺڴӲܻʺӹëʣڲܻʺдõġԼд֡𣿡
݋ݣдôûƭ𣿡
Сһʺ֤
ܻʺЦ˵ټûƭ㣬д֡
ˣ˵ҪӡҲҪӡ
εƽʱ˵ʲôô˵ǩֻѺ
Ҫӡ
У
ܻʺȡӡ࣬ݸڡ
ڸղŵġԼϣĴĴָӡ
¿𣿡
ԕDصͷˡ֤飬ԺôѸ޸⡣݋ݣұܣǧҪõ͵ˡ
ڱⷬЦˣӵСӣС
ܻʺݡԼ飬ã݋ݰúñܡ
ǩֻѺˣ㻹Ҫ𣿡û뵽һǩֻѺǱӱƵġ
ҪԕD͸һõЦݣϲˡ
СƨЦˣӵСԺ˵Ҫ
ԕD˿ڣСǳ棺Ҫ
СȰʵԲԵģ
ԣȻԣ
Ǻ͸ĵġ
ԕD˫˵͵ĵĺóԡ݋ݣһԡ
ãһԡ
뵽ոʱ򣬲ܻʺԕD˵ɵ飬ʵʺղڸDD˵ʲô
ܻʺ׼ڣͱӴˡԕDȴ݋ڸ˵¡
檽鼮ʱҵһŵͼܻʺ򵥵ظ˵ղŸԕD˵顣
݋ݸղ˵ܶطԭǴεģǱˣΪʲôԕD˵ʮݡոʮݣһֱγʵ۵ԸǴԿطڣûаʮոºҲû
ʵҭסˣҲʮǴĿǰû
ʱûȥ˵꣬һص̫̾үүһֱҪոʮݣϧֱҲûո
ԕDԼСظǳ˵ȥˣһҪʮ
仰ںͲܻʺסˣ
ǵĶһҪġԕḐڵֱۣһҰ
ãԶ־Ϊ׵ڷǳοû飬ϣ
ԕDСţģһ
ӵСԴĽãȻ֪ʮݵĿԺСǼô־ǿοʺѕDD̵غܺáΪDDŲܼҵѪԲŻ˵ⷬ
ټң檲ûʲôֻǸDD˵ЩطʷԨԴܻʺĿȰؿŶӣû뵽DD˵ⷬ檵游͸ף常һֱϣոʮݡոʮݣԼҵԸҲǲ佫ԸܼҾǡ
ûոʮݡںȻ뵽ץץСľЦDDԡ
ϣDDԡոʮ̸ס
һԹɳԵĵԕDںͲܻʺ̸֮˵жѣһոʮݣ
ģûм뿪ܻʺ󣬼ԕD˵ĺʹɵ顣
ʱ˼ˡ
ʱգһֱȥڣȴٳٲ
ȥټҡ
ӣţôȥٰȰ˵ӣӣ֮ȥҹټҡ
˽üͷɫǵǽ
µӣټҾͳҡ
ģټҾٸôٰ׼ȰڲȥҹټңѲټҵġ
˵öԣҲܰѲټҡЩԼӲãٰףȥ
ǣӡٰǰӣ˵ȺúϢɡ
ͷﻹǷǳšιټôЩˡ


24 
ҹȻ, ֱ˲٣ܻʺ¶ԕDûȥ档ڲܼҺͺǾһЩԕD, Ȼס
, 飬ԕDܻʺһ廨Χ
һ廨һ߸ܻʺ죺, ټһֱˣ˵ǲҪʧˣǰʱ, Ҳ֪ʲô飬ټҲȥˣȥҲȥԼȥټ, ټҲ֮ʱ, ﶼڴʧˡ
ᡣܻʺĮ˵ټֻһʱ˵
ֹһʱ, ⶼһˡһֻ˵, ټʲôʱôòˣټһֱ˵, ξȻһ¶, ̫ˡ
һʲôŭ˹ټңùټôòܻʺȹټ, Ȼ
ʲôǹټôټô˵رʹ, ټҲ, һμټôõ
ܻʺŲµʲô, ø˵
飬Ҳùܡ
ҿټˡһֱϲˣڼټҾ֮⣬ǳ졣
ܻʺֵݵĶͷֺЦ˵㰡
Ǹˡ
ôҲԽ㣬ֺα˳ǲܻʺûа˷
ҾǿŹټҳĿˣ˲ݲ˾ҲѻʺζԻʺ񣬹ټȴˡټԼǸ֪ˣȴƫƫ治֪˸ټҹʲôԻ
ܻʺסݵֱ֣Ҳ⣬ҲҪ⡣
סܻʺ֣Ҿί
ҲίһҲίܻʺЦЦ㡢иЕDDҺҸ㡣
Һ͸̫ӵ»һֱߡ
ܻʺסݵ֣á
ʱʵټ³ȥ𣿡
ٰ״ټһû³Ӧÿˡ˵꣬ʵӣҪȥ𣿡
˵ߣȥ˵꣬ݣҲþûиʺ밲ȥʺ밲ɡ
ǣӡ
ȥ·ϣȻԳЦû뵽һҪȥܼټҡһ£ôټңټҾǲ񣬹дʧ裬˺Ƿŭǻҡ
ټҵһζôˣ¹ټĲϲҪˡѾһûмܼˣôȥ죬ټҡ
Ϊܼڣ˲ϧȥܻʺ밲Ϊľڡ
ÿ˳󣬾ͻȥ̫ӵ£Ҫڣȥһܼ
ӣ˵Ӧøʺ밲ġٰСȰ֮ǰʺҩģӦȥл
㵹ǻҽڡǰǾԲܻʺ밲ô˵ܵ㡣
ӣֻҪټңټһ
ϣˡ
һ̺˴ٰ
ſڵ̼ˣһǳԾ͸һ
ٰǰ˵ʺ밲ģ鷳ͨһſڵٴαˣ׷¶ŵɫڷʲô衣
˼һɫõüͷôҲܸʺ밲
æعСȥ
ſڵ˵밲Ҳһ𾪡һżҴҽ棺밲ʱվſڡ
ʲô밲ݷһŵľ
ܻʺһҲ⣬ɫƽضԴ˵
ǡ
ŵʵô밲
һԵԕD˵Ȼ֮ⲻھƣ밲ȻΪ˼ڡ
ܻʺĮ˵밲Ϊ˼ټҡ
һ˵Ŀġ
Ҫ
ղ밲ֱټΪֹ
һĸ첻ն
ᣬһ£ûмټңˡܻʺ˵Ȼ밲˵꣬Դ˵ɡ
ǣ
ûһ˽
˿ܻʺݣüͷ΢΢£Źؾصظܻʺ
檲μʺ
ɡ
лʺ
ݼûкɫ˵˽ôп밲
ؿһݣûдĻǿܻʺ˵ǰʱգʺҩģ檽ʺлʵܻʺ͸˵ҩģûзá
վٴܻʺ˸
ܻʺ̧̧֣ÿ
ˣǰЩӾͲˣôϵղʺлƽʱᣬҪƤӹһ㶼ᣬǳϬҿΪ˸лʺΪ˵ȹټҡ
ôؽҴ˵ɫ˲÷ǳѿ㡭
һ£ټûм㣬۰Ͱ͵صȹټҡݺؼˣ㻹ǲҪ
һ仰׼ŭˣ͵վݺ㾹ң
Ҳվŭˣ˵ݣ㲻Ǹˣ㾹ҵֱҵ֣
ɫԭЩ԰ף±һǵͨ졣
㡭
ˣû뵽ôҪ
һԵĲܻʺԕD¶Ծؿݣû뵽һ˳ݣȻ˵ҪĻҪ֪ƽݣ˵ػ
ǰ׼ݣȴһƿ
ոմ󲡳ˣݵĶ֣һƵúԶҺٰ׼ʱסȻڵء
ˣһ˾Ҷִң̫Űˡ

ʱ洫ˣʱɫ˫ᣬģó
˱֪ˣԲŻһӡ
߽һɻ£΢΢šüͷ
ܻʺߵݵߣĺ󱳣漴һ񣺡ټҡ
滨ֳ꣬񣺡ټҡ
ԕDԹɵ
˼ڳƲס𣬿Ǻܿ죬ǱߵЦݽס
ֱӴ˵߹ߵԕDǰ||ѶӱԲܻʺ˵ɡ
лټҡ
վ˫ۣͰ͵ؿڣټҡ
ӣߣ׼˵ʲôֱܻʺ¡
ܻʺ΢΢ҡͷʾʲôҪ˵
ʲô
ڸ˵ﻮһĨ⣬¶ıȴǳί
ټҡڵǰһʲô˵ʲôҪ˵ܻʺ밲ǲŵģԾֱ˵ڡҺþûмټˡ
һԵˣ޳ܡ
ڵĮؿһˣ޲㣬°ɡ
仰ҡҡ׹׹
ӡٰ׾һæȥסˣӣӣӣ
ڼ˹ȥ͵վ˹ȥٰﱧˣٶٶٶ
ܻʺۿŻȥ˺һŵĵڣԺһԵĴ˵ȥ̫ҽ
ǣ
ڱȥ˸ڵƫ˵ڴߡ
ܻʺԕDһվһԡ
ܿ죬̫ҽˣ׼ȴڻִϣϿ
̫ҽϸظ˰˰˵Ϊ̫ʹεģϢһѡ˵ԭӾвٴϲ󱯡
ڷԸ̫ҽٵҩúõص˵ӣӸϿ쳹׵غ
̫ҽ󣬾͹ȥ
֪˲ϲͱ֮ǰûԕD˵档
뿪Ҳ̲ס˵װΣټҾȻ
ܻʺһŭʣֺЦ˵ֲǵһֺ֪α
Ҿ뵽ղŷ飬оûţ߻װոǹװΣټҲţǳģɼټﻹǺںԭΪʧˣû뵽ûС
ܻʺĺ޲Į˵һֱ𣿡
˵׸ټҹʲôԻݵĻû˵꣬ͱܻʺϣҪ˵ˡ
֪ܻʺΪãͷ˵Ҳ˵ˡ
ܻʺε˵һֱ˵㲻Ҫ飬Ϊں飿
Ҿǿߡ
ֻԼӣòʧܻʺͷһ¶޹ؿǣͷöͷ˲ӵĶͷDD벻ҪԵģ
롣ԕD֮̾ԿˣΪԴ׼ʣΪܻʺ󱧲ƽǲܻʺԼȴȫ⡣
ܻʺûаڵɷ򣬶ǰڵ˾ԼڵĳӣԲô谮ˣܻʺ󶼲⡣
ȥԵġܻʺŶӣЦ⸬ԕDֳ˼ܻʺʼ⸬
ԕDãҪ⸬
̫ӵ£Сң벻ԣ
ԕDС˵ԣҪԡ
ܻʺݶϲһЩСʳܻʺûݺã⸬۽ȴһ
ԕDϣζسŵġ
ܻʺݲûгԣ˵顣ڸղ˻赹һ£Ҳûһ䡣
һЩССѼƽܻʺ񣬻һЩ飬˵ֵȡϡ
ԽԽ䣬ܻʺʱֲ˵ȣҲ˲ϣֻ룬ԷЩССѼ
ôʵ
Ҵ㡭ܻʺ⼸쿴ЩйطӼǣ˴ŵ뷨
÷ǳ棬һԾԾԵ˵Ҹһ
ղײգǽͿʼɡ
úúá
ܻʺЧʷǳ죬ûһô˼
ԕDվһԣȤؿŲܻʺһӺһСӡСһӣŰѼϣСӷŽӣϴӡ
𣿡
ȻУÿһʱһεܻʺҲϿķ취вУ
݋ݣʲô󼦵𣿡ԕDһʵ
ܻʺӵСԴ݋ݲ󼦵ڷС
С
ܻʺظ˵˵ʲôзСÿβܶʲô⣬ǳϸؽ⣬ûаܣҲûа㲻ͷ֪ӴֻҪ˵飬ȻȫǶǵá
ԕDһȻصͷЦ˵݋ݣСɲԸ氡
棿Ҫòܻʺ΢΢¡
𣿡
̫ӵ£ǳԵģߡݺȻ뵽ʲôЦ̫ӵ»ûмС
ɲôܻʺЦ˵ٷֻСѼСDD档
Ҫ棬лл݋ݡԕDҪһֻ׶죬ָʹ׶߶ˡ
ͬʱ˹һۺᣬίؿڣټң㲻Ҫٶ𣿡
ûвҪ㡣
㲻ңȥ˵ıίˡ
⸱ίı飬ںۣԽͣ
ץסڵ֣ذټңٶ֪ˣ㲻Ҫٶ
ˡһ֮̾˵Լεʲôˡ
ٶ֪㲻ϲʺ󣬵㲻Ϊϲʺ󣬾Ͳϲ̫ӡ
ټңҡ
ִ̧˵Ļ˵̫ӲҵĶӣҲǴεĴ
ټң֪ˡ˹ԹԵϴҾǼʹټ̫̫ӣԲŻ̫񡣡
̫ΨһĶӣǴεĴҵȻ΢΢̾ϢһЩһֱûлӣǾʹȥұһӣ̫޲Ը⣬˕DD޾ͲñǴߣҲᱻ˵޵¡
Ҫæַ
ټң֪ˡ˫ֽסڵ֣ڱ֤ټңԺٶ̫񡣡
죬Ҫ˱֤Ҳ̫κ飬ǿ⸱ֿϴı飬ְѵߵĻ˻ȥ
ز˲ϵˮٶҲϲDDϣܰѕDDεĴ𣿡
˼࣬仰ʲô˼ھҪ̫顣
ټңף̫ʲô飬ټҾ
ؿһˣְĺ˵ãԺһӡ
仰˲丧ƽĲ֪ټҪ»ӡֻҪ»ӣټһǳ谮ʱĶӾͱòҪˡ
ãһᾡӣΪټһӡ
ٶԺһܸһӡ⻰ڰˣһϣ
ټңԺܲܲҪôòң֪ʱôȹô
ں˱һ𣬻˵ʱնԱ˴˵˼
һֱ˯²뿪뿪ʱ洺硣صʹ˲ٶˣ鱦޳Сҩġ
ָֻ˳谮󹬵Ƿǳʧ
˸һ£ܻʺһҲ⡣֪Ҫڳˣ˲ˡ顣
⼸գܻʺݶû˼ȥ˸һ¡æŷССѼС졣
ԕD͸ҲǳעСһ¡û¶ǰѶڴϣûзС
ڵ֪ܻʺڷСҲǳġÿӵʱ򣬶ѯʷСôء
ܻʺǷգûзһֻССѼС졣ǲû٣С
ԕDܻʺǳٳûзСЩż뵽һ취˯ʱ򣬰ѵڱѹ˺üڷһֻС졣
꾩˺
Ķ䣬紵
⼸գΪ̫䣬ﲻ̺͹ŮˡܻʺԕDҲᱻʱղţ
ԴϴԕD˵ҪʮݣܻʺͿʼ˵һЩйرĹ¡
ܻʺܼңȻŮС͸һѧϰ书ʵı书λֳ֮ϡܱҲ游һֱ˵ϧˡжһһܺý
һֱܻʺҲԼԱҲսɱУΪЧϧŮս˶ӣԲΡ
Ȼ֪ոʮݵĿԲ󣬵ǲܻʺϣԕDոʮݣ²ȫոջһЩҲǺõġԣѧȫ̸
ܻʺԽµķʽԕDĹµʤԕDýζΪвܼѪĹϵԼɵؾЩ̺ı
ԕDһܻʺ˵¡ֻĹ£ԕD±ıòܻʺʮ־ϲöڱ֣Ӿĵؽ̵ӱ
ʱܻʺڸԕD˵
ԕDﱧŴף֮ǰС졣СѾ˲١׷ǳոԕDߣԕDӰ롣
һԣһ廨һܻʺ̫ӵ˵¡
죬ܻʺԕD˵ġ󡱡ʷϵĹ£ϸظԕD˵󡱡
˵£ܻʺ͹ԕD⣬ԕDûղŵĹ¡
˲ܻʺѣһʱԕDȴܿʹ˳
£ִ⣬ԕDŴ״ȥ
݋ݣܳȥ𣿡
䣬Ժ棬Ҫȥĵط
ԕDСͣͰ͵˵݋ݣҺܾûȥˣȥ档Դһʼûʲôʱ䳤ˣЩܲˡ˵ĺůͣӦòᱻ
䣬݋㱻šܻʺҲ֪հѶӾ̫ãҲû취
݋ݣҲ䡣ԕDߵܻʺߣС֣݋ݣҵֲ䡣
ܻʺӵС֣ůůģů͡
ԕDֳ˳ܻʺӣҡҡȵض݋ݣ̫Ҫȥɹ̫ҳȥɡ
վԕDűߵĴӣŲܻʺҲ˵ҲҪȥ档
݋ݣҲȥ棬Һʹһȥɹ̫ɡԕD˫ֱŲܻʺȣС݋Цطǳģ݋ݣʹӦҰɡ
ã݋ݴӦ㡣ܻʺӵСضͻ֪֪
ԕDϲصͷ֪ˣҾͻֲɵӣ˻棬һᶳСţɲûزۡ
ܻʺСЦ˵ȥɡ
лл݋ݣҳȥˡԕD˵꣬ͱףС˳ȥԪɺԪؼ״æȥ
݋ݣô䣬ôʹӦ̫ӵ£ݵԕDȥᱻš
ٲȥ棬Ҫˡܻʺ˽Ķӣʱ䣬һֱȥ棬Ͱﻵˡ˵ģů˲٣ȥɹɹ̫Ҳá
Ͳ̫ӵ¶Ű
ҲûáܻʺЦкӲܽòȥߡ˵û¡
СЩɡ䣬˵Сܷ纮ǴҲױ˶ȣʱ򶼻ͦȥοСӡ
ģȻܻʺŶԶӲǲ
ܻʺô˵Ͱһ롣
ԕD߳ͰѻеĴ׷
Ԫɣȥ÷԰Ҫȥժ÷
̫ӵ£ժ÷Ҫ͸ټ𣿡
ԕDͷкǣǴҶժһЩ÷
ǣ̫ӵ¡Ԫ˵̫ӵߡ
ԕDͷϴŻͷñϵźƤΧƤͲë޵ģʮֿɰ
˫֣ͦصƵš׸Ľűߣҡҡλεš
ԶһƬ÷԰ǲܻʺ빬ֵġ
÷԰ԪɺԪذԕDʮ֦÷
ԕDԪͼ֦÷ʣµ÷Ҫ͸ͷǡ
˾㱨Щš
ǰգ˾ص꾩
ïʵڸſڣɹ̫ȻïʵǶʱǰһǾͿһССӰ
̫ӵ£ïʵ¶Ծô죬̫ӵô
̫ӵ¡
ïʵϽȥԕD
̫ӵ¡
ɡԕD˵ҵǲæһֱûȥֱסˡ
ټ˾๫㱨
˾๫ԕDɻգգۣʵ˾๫˭˾
˾๫ǰձ꾩
˾Ⱑ
һа
ᵽ˾⣬뵽ľ˾ҸףȻǡͨ
ǵҪ˵ã
СҲ֪ïʵ˵˾๫ӣҪ͹ټ̸ۺܳʱ䣬̫ӵ²ȥԺɣ๫ûм
ðɣȥҺ档ԕDïʵ˰֣ʹŴ׺ԪȥԺ
ȥԺüΣ·Ҫïʵ·
ԺǸոæ꣬ʫʸ踳Щƽʱûµʱ򣬾ϲдʫʸ踳
ǰʱ䣬˴մصصʱд˲ʫʺ¡һȲŷۡ
ԕDߵԺſڣûмŽȥǰſڣ͵͵￴ֶһˣһûмˡ
üĿ˭λа
ԕDתתС¶ЦݡתԪɣС˵ſڵңҪ
Ԫѹ˵ǣ̫ӵ¡
ԕD׼ԺΪ·̫̫Сֻ̧һ㣬粻Ժżˡ
ԪɺԕDԸǰְֱط
ԕDԺǴûнȥػԼСƴżϱģôĶĲȥ
һ׵ЦԕDְ
ףС
߶ԕD˵֪ˡ
ԕDͷ״׵ԴĬĬߡΪԼͲᱻǷ֣߼ͱˡ
ԕDǾһ̫ӵ¡ϽԕD
̫ӵ¡
ԕDһźǣû뵽ˣǿϧ
ɡ
л̫ӵ¡
ԕDﱧŴףСԴźǣЦеʵûҰ
ǰһ˵Ⱥ̫ӵ¡
ԕDԣǳصͷЦԺ˵Ҳǣˡ
⻰˵úǺǸж
ǰϸϽĵʵ̫ӵ£䲻䣿
һʣǷ׷׹еؿԕD
Ҳ䣬һ㶼䡣ԕDСԴŴŴ˵݋ݸҴ˺ܶ·оԼһ
̫ӵС˵ģҲ֪Ƕģȵġ
̫ӵ£治𣿡⼸գǳ䣬ǳŵʱ򶼻ᱻĴ£ο׵̫ӵ¡

ԣԕDǰ
ԕD»Ĵףȡ»Ͳ̧һ˫Сڰϡ
ҵֺůͣԲԣ
ԣ̫ӵµֺů͡
ñǲ䰡ԕD˵꣬һ˫СҸůů
л̫ӵ¡ԕDߣԕDһ˫Сȥ
һԵķʮĽؿŰ
ԕDѰůͺ˫֡
ǲ·ˣҲñ˵꣬һߵͷ԰ִһ˫֡
𿴰ƽʱڳطǳʱڣһ˼ϸеˡ  ڼ̫ӵΪȡů˫ĺˡ
ԕDظ֣һڰѰִůˡ
ˣůˡ
̫ӵ¿ʧ̬ͷ˵л̫ӵ¡
ԕḐİļ˵ǴˣҪഩ·
ǣ̫ӵ£һഩ·
ԕḐͷǣСǳض˵ҲҪҪ䲻䡣
ǣ̫ӵ¡ŷǷǳɵ˫֣ȴ̫ӵ¼顣


25 
, ԕDʹ֡
ֺô󰡡ԕDСַڷ͵Ȼ£ֱȷ͵Сܶࡣ
ſ̫ӵµСְ, ̫ӵ³Ҳ񳼵һ󡣡
ԕDСԴ, ɿɰʵʲôʱܳ󣿡
ʮ̫ӵ¾ͳˡҲ֪̫ӵ»ʲôķɡ
ʮ󰡣ǻšԕD˵͸ʹ˴, Ͱһ
һͺͰ¶ɻ󣬡̫ӵ, ֺϣʵһ
һ󣬻ǵֶӲԕD˴ָϵļ, ǵֻÿͺͰֲ˼ӣкܶ˺ۡСʱҾ, СͰæǵַǳֲڡΪʲôǵôӲ־ͲӲڴС, ûиɹֻ, ֳдɵļӣûļ, ȻҪȰǵ͡
ס˷ͣһʱ䲻֪ôشܲ˵ټŰɡ
˵̫ӵ£ϣĴСͰ, ϳ˼ӡ
, ʲôԕDһ߰ﷶʹ, һߺʵ
̫ӵ֪￼һѡһЩ˵̫ӵ̫ӵ֪ͨϰյĲס
ݣɽ񡭡СʱƶɩΪ飬˲ٿࡣԼҲ˲ٿࡣ
͸̫ӵ˵ЩСʱĻԕD÷ǳ棬ǲûǸʹ֡һ֣͵ů
Ǻ
Ҫȷǵ֡ۡһЩϲûôӡ
ůֻ֣ǵСʱ򱻵ôԴˣԼһ˫ִԼȡůڣ̫ӵ´ů֣úǼⷢᡣ
ֺÿһ˫޳ָڷ
л̫ӵ¿佱̫ӵµҲÿһ˫ذԕDһ˫С֣ůˣлл̫ӵΪů֡
ԕDԺЦЦ˵꣬תͷŷޣޣҿ䲻䡣
̫ӵ£ֲ䡣ŷޱ˵߹ԹԵذ˫ֵݵԕDǰ
ԕDһ˫Сץסŷ޵˫֣޵ֺůͰ
ŷסԕDһ˫֣ش˴ꡣ
·ࡣ
ԕḐŷ޵ļһС˵佱޹ԡ˵꣬
޴ذԕDл̫ӵ¡
ȸ֣ԕDɻؿ˴գ˭
˴ռ̫ӵ¡
˴ճʮ㣬ЩɫҲЩ԰ףЩ硣

Ĳӣ
ĳܷϵ֡
ǰôûм㣿
֮ǰΣ̫ӵûмҡ̫ӵ¹Ȼɹ˵¿ɰ㡣
һԵĺ˵̫ӵ£ǰʱټҰص˻պᾭ
ԕDͷ漴˴Ц˵գӭ
仰˵˴ֱסˣɫݵ˵л̫ӵ¡ص꾩󣬴ӺǵĿ˲ٱ顾ӭ̫ӵ˵仰ȴʮָж
Ժɺͺһ棬һ㻨ԕD˵꣬ͻȻ뵽ʲô˫˵һĳԡ
л̫ӵ¡˴û뵽ԼҲĴʮ־ϲ
ԕDʲô飬СߵſڣԪɽ˽
ˣժ÷Ҫ͸ǡԪù÷һ֦һ֦͸ǡ˵÷ӡջǾӣҾͰ÷͸ǡǲǲӣҲǾӡƳҲΪ֮
̫ӵ仰˵úǼӯԭ̫ӵǶǾӡ
ԕDߵǰس˳ӣٸ˵˵Сʱ顣
ǣ̫ӵ¡
ߵſڣԪȡһЩȲ͵̫ӵ¡
ԕDڻ˵һЩСʱ飬˵ȥɽҩǮȥץǮȥҰ˳Ե顣
ǼԕD棬Ҳ˵Щ顣Ȼ̫ӵ»Сǰ˵һЩ伲飬յĲס
ԕDһֱΪǮϰյӦò̫û뵽кܶ˹ſӡҪܶࡣ
ԕD˵Щйյ󣬺˵ЩȤĹ£ԕDһֱЦ
ԕDû뵽ŷ˵һҲ秣ǳڶгЦ
˾⻹ڻ㱨
˾˵˽ʱĻ㱨ûһ㲻ͷԽԽ棬˾˵һЩȫ
ֱʱ˾˵ꡣ
˾ȥڸϽȲ衣֮ǰ˾㱨ʱ´ûҺȲ衣
˾๫˵˾๫˵ʱһ̶ûͣʣʡ
Ҳû뵽ô˵˾޾ϸڻ㱨ϸһЩëƤС¶˵޶ˣŰɡ
ټң̫ӵԺ
DDԺһȣüͷô죬ʺôÕDDţȥԺ
˾Ժ洫ĻЦЩ棬ɹʲôȻЦôġ
ѵʱ̫ӵ¸ûȥˡȻǺ̫ӵԺţԺŲϸʺ̫ӵ³ԡ
ԕDؽζЩ᲻뿪ԺЩˣûȥˡ
գ档
յ̫ӵ
ҲҪúóԷ
ԕD׼뿪ʱ˾˽иСԺ£뵽̫ӵ£æԕD񣺡˾̫ӵ¡
ɡԕDض˾⿴˾ⳤǿЩࡣ
ǰһԕD˾⣺̫ӵ£ʵ֮ǰҲְǰղŵ꾩
Ŷ⣬ӭԕD˾⣬СʱûҸ׾ˡ
⣿
˾ⱻ⡱ƺˡ
ӭ
˾ⱻԕD䡰ӭůˣͷʱһƬɫ˲ҲͲ١
л̫ӵ¡
ԕDȻ̯֣⣬ˣû÷͵ˡ
÷ģ˾һͷˮ̫ӵ仰ʲô˼
÷͵ġ
˾ʱ̫ӵ¸ղǾ仰ʲô˼ɹ˵̫ӵ¾ǻ͵ģû뵽һ̫ӵ£Ҳܵõ̫ӵʹ͵÷͵ġ
л̫ӵ¡
ҶˣҪȥҵţͲ˵ˡԕD˾ǰ˰֣׼뿪ʱȴˡ

ټҡ
һѱӣӵСӵС֡ӵССֶůůͺ͵ģͷˡ
䲻䣿
䰡ԕḐС֣ڵҵֱҪů͡
ڼǻ񣬾Ͷ˵ɡ
лټҡ
ôܵԺأ
ȥҵģǵæҾԺҺ档
̫ûи鷳ɣ
ûУ̫ӵ·ǳɡЦ˵̫ӵ»ͳ÷ȺǸм
÷
ԕDڵذο㲻ҪԴףҲժ÷
ġڵͷز˲ӵСӣʵӶ
ԕD죬Ͱ͵˵
ȥš˵꣬ŷǣ޺̫ӾͲǣҲŰɡ
¶ŶӣԕDʵʵ
ټߣ̫ӵߡ
ںԕD뿪ˣ˾ʵǸոպ̫ӵʲô
ʵˣȻ̫ӵҲů֡ŷһҫ˵ղţ̫ӵ¼䣬͸ÿ˴ů֡
ʲôÿ˴ů֣˾һԾô£
֪
˾ͷ֪
ǺȾơŷ޺سûթ˾һ١
û⣬ȥ¥Ⱦơ
ʵˬ졣ص˾ļ
ڿԸ˵˰ɡ
ԡŷ鲢ïظ˾ղŷ顣ʱʱ͡
˾һĽʺޡ
һˡ˵꣬־̾û뵽̫ӵôůġ
ǰҲû뵽ɰůĵ̫ӵ£ô˲ϲǺұ̫ӵôԴ
̫䣬ھûниһš
ԕDϣһ߹ԹιԷһҡֻСšʱʱҡԼСԴСﻹĵĺߺ
ڼ⸱˵Сģ̲סЦʲôôˣԺͺʲô
ûʲôǺǸ˵˺ö¡
˵ʲô£
ԕDһҡԼֻСţһŴŴ˵кĹ£ҲвĹ¡
Ĺ£ʵʲôĹ£
˵кܶûǮ飬кܶûǮԷ𣿡
û뵽ǻԕD˵Щ飬΢΢£ܿ˰ǵġ
ģкܶճԲ顣
ΪʲôԕDСԴһСϲãȻ⡣
ӵСǵĻá
ʲôϵԕDС󣬡ǵ㲻˼ҳԷ˼Ҷ𣿡
ǣҲѲ˸ϵǵĲáûΪײظ˵ǻʵְۣôεϰճԱůĿǰû
ԕD˳ڵӣ͸һõЦݣġ
仰ڣȰԕDЦЦҪû㳤ˣ԰һ𣿡
ԕDͷ˵ðҳˣһ
DDԡʺǰһöӡ㳤æ
ǵҪȺܾˣ˵Ҫʮܳ󡣡ԕD˵݋˵һû꣬ǵҳأԵҳ֮ǰֻܿԼˡ
㳤󡣡ϣܿ㳤ֲϣӳ
ԕDﱻι˷ˣճԵùĹĵģʮֿɰ
۳ؿŶӣգó־ظӲ˲ǡ
ԕD۶ЦЦ뵽ʲôſ˵ֱӰķʳȫȥ
ڼ״Щģ̧Ķӵĺ󱳣һŵʵûбҭţ
ԕDҡҡͷ˵ûС
¶ӵСӣ˵֮ǰô˵ģԷҪϸʣ̷ˡ
Ļû˵꣬ͱԕDϣ֪ˣ´βˡ
ֵ¶ӵĶͷ´ٻ𼱻ǵ̷ˣƨɡ
һƨɣԕD˵رС죺ǲƨɡ
ǵšʵոʲô⣿
ԕD⻰װͰ͵صһڣҲûʲô⣬뵽ˡ
üͷ΢ɻʵôˣ
ǲҲûǮ·ԕD뵽Ǹ٣ֻ³͢ǵٺ»ֻǿ꾩ûжǮƤ¹Ƥ·ʱ򣬴λû޻û޷ް֮·ҿ·٣ֶˡ
𣿡ڵûע⵽㡣
Ҳ䣬ǲҲû·ԕDڵӣ͸һ·ɡ
ôİǣкοһ۴󳼵̫ӣǺ̫ӡ
ã͸һ·˵꣬ʵֻ͸ͷ˲𣿡
ԕD˵·Ͳ˰ɡ
ãǵģ͸ͷ͡ڰïʵ˹͸ͷ͡
ˡ
ôİͷͣôĵЩԴˡ
ҹ˰䲻䰡˵䰡ԕD˵꣬ȥץڵ֣ů͵ġҪ䣬Ҿ͸֣Ͳˡ
˵İҪ䣬͸֡ڻ֪֮ǰԺǴů֡Ҫ֪һἵʵġ
ԕDԼСظ˵һֵġ
ڵͷöͷ˲ӵСͷDDǵĺöӡ
ǣҿɺˡԕDһ˵ԣҪҺá
⸱˻˵ΪЦˣЦ˵úúãá
ԕDڵֱۣһܹԡı飺βҵĺõ
㰡ڵݡ
ԕDָָϵļһҪԼ
ãιԡ
һߣïʵѡȥԺ
λ๫̫ӵǶţټҪ멣ùټ͸ǡ
ͺͰ𾪣̫ӵ
λ๫ҪϧӰǧҪ̫ӵ¶ǵһƬġïʵ˵꣬˳ȥٴŰš
ïʵ뿪󣬰ͷͶ˫ۣۿҲʪ|ˡ
ǹⶺͷͣؼܵõ̫ӵµĹġʵǲʣ෴Ǻܸм̫ӵ¡
ͷ͵ãҪǣ˵ǡ⼸գͻȻ䣬Ҳİûкʵ·ůҪ͸·ҲõĽ͡ڣ̫ӵΪ󵽴멣ͷˡ
̫ӵҺεºܡǼⷢᣬͷҪ˵ʲôΪ̫жһ仰Ҳ˵
ͷƺҪѶƻȥ
˾̾û뵽̫ӵСС;ôϸġ
ŷЦӵ̫ӵ£ˡ
˵̫ӵպ󳤴һټһ
ԕD·ϣǾܿǵ̫ӵȻףȴһʴ֮ģպ󳤴һΪһʾ
ҪԕD֪룬һЦ̫ˡĿ겢һʾ
ԕDţͿʼι׳Է
ױ󣬾ԕDιġڵϣ˫С׳Է׳극ܽԕDĻ˲䡣
ԕDŴף˲׵СԴ
ڿԕDʹܵĻɵʧЦ
Һʹ׳ȥɢˡ
䣬DDͲҪȥˡڵĶӻᱻš
Ҳ䡣ԕDһȥɢɡ
ڵֿ˶ӵջǴӦһȥɢԭ뱧ŶɢӾͲᶳţǱԕDܾˡ
ԕD׷ҸϡϷǰܣں׷ԕDſ˫ҡҡλΣҲѧſС鲽ҡҡλε
ڱͬܲƶЦˣ񡣡
С˻ǵһôİ׶졣ïʵСС̫ӵµƨ̫ӵ´㣬İ׶Ҳԡ
Զ׷ԕDסС˵ȣСԴԕD
ԕD׵Դ޵ֵ׷ˣϿܰɡ
ײ˲ԕDģų
ף׷ˡ
ܵĿ죬ڵˤæDD㡣
׼С׷˽ŲԕD׷
DDǸûȥˡСһöһͲܡǸûȥ˯ˡ
ԕD棬ҲԼᱻСӿǷǳģ΢СľͻᲡȻ䣬ǻСЩ
ףǻȥ˯ɡ
ڼܵСͨ죬Ѿκγɣӡ
ȥ
áԕD˫ֱڵĲӣСľ
׽ظڵĽűߣһص˸
صӵĺ󱳣ֶӺһƬʪϽïʵ׼ˮɾ·
ڸԕD˲ӣָһɾ·
ԕD۾СԴһһ㣬ˡ
˯ɡڰѶӷĴϣϸظǺñӣǰıӡ
׹ɵڴߣһҲС
ڵĶӻһֱڴߡʱʱһԕDĶͷСͻȻȡ
ԕDһ˯ѣھïʵ̫ҽϸظӰȷ϶ûŷġ
ʺô䣬ôÕDDȥ棿΢΢šüͷɫЩõ˵DDҪǶˣô죿
ԕDڵֲܻʺڲܻʺ󿪿ǰ˵ԼҪȥģ㲻Ҫ֋݋ݡ
ܻʺӵǰͷһů
݋ݲҳȥ棬ҷҪȥ棬݋ҳȥ档ԕDάܻʺ݋֮ǰҳȥ棬ҿҪˣ㲻ҳȥ棬𣿡
Ŷ⸱άܻʺģǼǺЦȥҪ𣿡DDЩ˭ѧģ϶ǸѧģƽﶼڸDD˵Щʲô
԰ҪҰԕDصͷǳֱ׳˵˵Ҳ䡣
ڶ񣬺ӵıͷ䲻㲻ᶳš
ǵҲܳţҲᱻšȻԕD֪ǵӣȥ紵šţҪ춼·ȥܲˡ˶ܳš
û뵽Сͦ˵ģһ˵ЩӵСͣЦǴˣᶳš
ԕDֻӵڵ֣һ˵ǵͲ𣿡
סˣΪ
ڳĬԕD־˾ǣ㿴ҲΪʲôҪŰ
վһԵĲܻʺڱ˵ƿԣ̲סЦˡ
Լܳ棬ȴҳȥ棬СԕDС˼˰ҲûǸʣС
ʲô
ԕD˿һ˵ֻݹٷŻյơ
һȣDD˵ʲô
Ŷԣǹ٣ǻʵۣӦýֻʵ۳ȥ治ӳȥ档ԕD˫ڵǲԵġ
DDֻ֪ݹٷŻյʲô˼𣿡оϲû뵽ӾȻ֪仰ƽʱҲ˕DDһЩõĶ
֪݋ݺͽ㶼˵
ܻʺԣ¶ãȻʲôʱDD˵ֻݹٷŻյơ仰
˵Լ飬ȴСԼţȴҳȥ档ԕD˫ֲ΢΢°ͣ˫ۿߵؿڣǴ̫ƻˡ
ڱⷬЦˣ㻹֪ƻ
ҵȻ֪ҵġԕDת£С¶Цݣ˵ƻǴǲǺ갡
ֵԕDĶͷֳ˵Ǻꣿ
㲻ҳȥ棬ǺꡣԕD˫ֱأЦеڣҪ𣿡
龫֡û뵽ôϻۣѸĶãõˡ
Ҫ𣿡
ҪǺ꣬ʲôڴ˴գСꡣ
СӣСûϵǵǴˣǻϣǺͲáԕDһǴ˲۸Сӡ
ڿܻʺָԕD˵ʺƽʱҲô˵𣿡
ҲŲô݋˵݋ֲ۸ҡ
ȥ۸㰡
ԡ
ǵҪ۸㣬׼ô죿
ڵĻ˵꣬ͼӱ죬˫ۣˮת
ءԕDͿתסܻʺȣ˵݋ݣ۸ҡء
û뵽ԕD˵޾ͿޣϽ۸ˣDDޡ
ģ
ġ
ԕDӣʵʵܳȥ𣿡
DD㶳š
ڵĻû˵꣬ͼԕDִء
úúãܳȥ棬ȥ档ڸϽѶӱһĺ󱳣һغޡޡޡ
˵㻰
㻰˵һԾŶ
⻰ԕDʱˣ͸һȵЦݣллǺꡣ
ŷֶӵСûһˮʱЦˣǺꡣ
Ǻ꣬Ϻꡣ
Ϻꣿش¶ӵСƨɡ
һԵĴ׼ڴСˣڶڵĺ߶˼¡
Ȼڻûгɴ׶죬߶Щ۵ġ
߶úáԕDڵĻ˳ȥ׶ڲܻʺ󣬡Ҫٴң׻߶ġ
ˣ㵹һֻö찡û뵽DDĶ컹
ټңû°ɣܻʺʵ
ڰڰ֣û¡
㲻ôô߰ԕDһ˵һ߶ڰڰ֣ϿȥӰɡ
Ѽһߣغ޲ð׽ݺݵشƨɡ
ȥԣǲ̫ʱ䣬֪𣿡
ԕDӲܻʺ̽СԴ˵֪ˡ˵ֶ꣬ڻ˻֣ǲͷ˵߰ɡ
С꣬ˡ
ϺꡣԕDͷһı飬Ǹ㸣ѧġ
ںεҡҡͷǱߵЦȴ硣
Ȼظʺ㿴
ټߡ
Ϻߡ
DD񡣡
Ŷߡ
뿪󣬲ܻʺöӵСԴôܽеϺꣿ
Ϻ꣬û˵
ԺôйټңΪ
ԕD޹գգ˵ǣû
ܻʺǣӵֻС֣ض˵ټûҲôС
ŶԕDײܻʺ˼ô²ܻʺҪ˵ȥֱ˽ĻĲӣ˲݋ݣҪ¡
ܻʺ̧Ķӵĺ󱳣á
ظ;УһҡͷһЦ
ټңЦʲô
ЦDD֮ǰ˵Ļһһ׵ġЦȻֻ֪ݹٷŻյ仰벻
ټңǸ̵غáïʵ˵Ȼ̫ӵ´
DD⺢Ǹ޾ϲĽ޴ҪʺǣǵĶǲһҲô˵
ïʵһ⻰֪Ҫҫ̫ӵ¡
ڻصһӣͰѺǽˡǸ˵£ٵطѩڵĻѩ֣úǶעЩ˵£ȲҫԕD
ǶһҲ̫˵𣿡
ټңĶһʱ˵ԵĶʱܰѻ˵
ŷǷ׷׸ͣʾǵĶӱȲ̫ӵ¡
ֻݹٷŻյ仰üĺӶһ֪ʲô˼̫ӵ²֪áŷ˵̫ӵǴϻ۹ˡ
õ޵ͷϡЦ޻ΪǵĶҲˡ
￴ڹҫ̫ӵ´ˣټң̫ӵȵĶԶ̫ӵ¡
𣿡ЦݣǶǴӣ޻ΪǵĶҲһ
ټˡ
ټң̫ӵ˴պô̵̫ӣͽ̫ӵ´ˣӦúúý̵Ӧ̵
ڸոնյ׼Ȳ裬仰еĶɵضס̵
Ϊ̫ӵɣõȵꡣ֪Ӻ͹ʽɣҪǲëԼ̫ӵµ
÷һ仰һԲ۾ŵؿŷ͡
̫ӵµ
ϣҪģȻ̫ӵ⣿
㣿Ҳ͵Ļˣ̫ӵ
ǰӦ츮ڽⷽ棬ҪȺо飬ҲлȨ̫ӵµ
ŷҲ̫ӵµǲ̫˼ڡıȲϷ͡
Ӧ츮̵ѧڽ̵ѧⷽ棬͵ȷһסʱûԕDɡ̫ӻСʽһ¹˵ʱֻöƽƽسʱǡ˭̵̫Ӷ飬ǵúú롣


26 
ѩˣ𴲼ѩ, ػ݋ݣѩˣ
ǽĵһѩ, ϣǸꡣܻʺѩµ÷ǳ󣬾ͶԸ˵ѩµЩվͲҪȥˡ
𣿡ץסܻʺ֣ϲ˵ҽĲȥ𣿡Ȼǹ, Ҳѧһϲ顣ܲż, Ҳǳġ
, Ҵ˸˵һܻʺȻ뵽ʲô, æѴ˹֪ͨһλҲҪ, ǣʲôʱѩͣʲôʱٽ顣
Ůһ˶į, ͽ˼Ŀһ顣
̫ˡ˵Ųܻʺ, ݋á
ܻʺ󿴵⸱ϲصģ, ʧЦ, ֵ˵㸣Ķͷôˣ
ͷţˡ
㰡ܻʺ󸣿, , ҪҪ˯һ
ҡҡͷ, Ҳ˯ˣҪѩˡѩ̡ϲѩˣÿ궬춼ѩεѩҪúõ档݋ݣǶѩ˰ɡ
ѩ˿ԣǲܶšÿѩܻʺ󶼻㸣ѩˣҪٴ·
݋ݣھȥ
ܻʺסε˵ʲôٶѩҲ١
ѽͻȻһ
ܻʺһһһһէʲô
݋ݣDDץŲܻʺ˵DDûмѩҵȕDDˣһѩˡѩ̡
ãǾ͵ȕDDһѩˡܻʺͷȥš
ãҪһ㣬ѩ̡˵꣬ϽԴ˵ȥҽ˵Ҫѩˡѩ̡⼸գЪ
ǣ
Ȳܻʺ͸ţԕDˡҪһЩ
DDѩˣҴѩˡѩ̡
˯ѵԕDԺţһߴŹǷһãȻʵѩˣ
԰ѩˣɺÿˡһ˷ܵ˵㿴֪ˡ
ŶϱǱ˵ԕDѩûʲô̫ȤϾһѩµûǴѩ˶ʮ꣬Ϳˡ
DDѩˡѩ̿ɺˡԕDƼϲġ˵꣬뵽ʲôּ˵DD݋ݻѩˣСӡССè݋ݿˡ
DDϲʲô݋ݶѸ㡣ܻʺӴ·һѱӡ
ס
ã݋ݴһס
ԕDţȲȥԺӡӵץһѩݵԕDǰDDѩǲǺܺÿ
ԕDͷ˵ÿ
һСѩݸԕDDD㡣
ݼ״ؽе
ûµġܻʺ֪ǵԕDᱻѩţ͸һ񣬡DDûмѩҲûѩúõظ¡
ᶳ̫ӵµġѩ̫ˣݵԕDѩᱻš
ûôܻʺ㿴һֱǺúõô
Դ䣬ݾ쵣ԕDᱻֱڣԕDúõأû
ԕDŻͲŸ͸һСѩ
DDǲǺܱĻû˵꣬ͱѩˡѩ򣬾ո͸ԕDѩ
ٺ١ԕDԸЦ㣬
ͻȻңЩˣһŷӦؽеDD㾹͵Ϯң
㱿ԕD˵ܿˣ븣ľ롣
DDҵšץһѩ£ԕD˹ȥ
ԕDĺױУҺñӡ
̫ӵ¡
ǕDDҵġ˵ţͳһѩ
óŮһѩиš
ʾֳһѩ
ܻʺĸŮεҡҡͷ
݋ݡԕD˫ֱڱ󣬶Բܻʺؽһ
ܻʺʵDDôˣ
ԕDѲڱѩʹڲܻʺϣС޹ֿɰʵ݋ݣ䲻䣿
ܻʺû뵽ᱻ͵ϮֺЦ˵С˵꣬һСѩӵС䲻䣿
ԕDͰ͵ضԲܻʺ˵䣬݋ݲҪҡ
ܻʺ¶ӵСԴ֪ˡ
ԕDֺõضԲܻʺЦЦ݋ݣѩˡ
ã݋ݴѩˡ
ܻʺԕDڶѩˣϽģ㣬ǲѩˣȥ݋Ƕѩˡ
̫ӵ£֪𣿡
֪ˣ㡣ܻʺ˹ȥ݋ݣѩˡ
ԕDСﲻʲôæֻվһԿܻʺ˶ѩˡ
ʱ򣬼ܻʺڶѩˣʧЦԕDվѩɫˣ󲽵˹ȥһѱӡ
ټҡ

һŵʵDD䲻䣿ӵСӵСůͺ͵ģЩ
Ҳ䡣ԕDһЦеѩžߴһϣ䲻䣿
ڱһ£ε˵С
ڵӣãһѩ˰ɡ
ڹĵʵ䲻䣿
Ҵĺůͣһ㶼䡣ʵ𣿡
䡣
Ȼ䣬Ǿͺһѩ˰ɡָָǸղŶѵһѩˣǻûжѺãһѰɡ
ԕDڵļ򣬡ѩˡ
ܻʺ֪ڵԕD͸ټңDD͸ůͣᱻŵġȶѩˣһ뽪ͺˡ
ܻʺô˵ͷ˲٣ѻеĶӷӡ
ãһѩˡ
ĵػҪѼѩˡ뵽һ⣬Ƕѩ˰ɣһһѩˡ
УǾͶѩˡ
Ұ㡣ԕD֣DDһѩ򣬺òã˵ţͶԕDһʾDDѩ򡣡
áԕDͷʼѩ
׸ĽűߣһԳ򣬰Сһѩ
ںͲܻʺһѩˣݸŸһѩ
ÿ궬죬ڶ㸣ѩˣѩ˵ĶԕDǵЭ£ںͲܻʺѩ˶ѵ÷ǳ졣ʱͶѩˡ
ѩˣСѩˡѩмѩߣڡѩ˵ߵѩǲܻʺұݡ
ڲܻʺѩ˺ѩ˵мǰһСѩԕDѩ˺ѩ˵мǰҲһСѩǸ
ԕDѩܾʲôȻ뵽ʲôԪɺԪظ֦
DD֦ʲôʵ
ԕD֦ߵѩ˵ǰ֦ѩ˴һ
ںͲܻʺǿһĻͷݺһ
ԕDָÿѩˣŴŴ˵݋ݡС㣬ǣ֡
֣ı˵ѩǣ֡
ݿѩǣ֣ԕDղǾ仰ĵطݺݵش£˫۲ɵغˡ
ڱӣ۴ȰؿŶӣDDԡԕDղǾ仰ݺݵشڣʮִ
佱ԕDһͷʺţʲôõԣ
ܻʺ۵һƬɬȴʮƽ
ټңɡ
תͷܻʺѵ˼ᡣ
ܻʺĿؿ΢΢£漴ô¡תûпԻѩĸ˵Ҫˣȥˡ
ظоںͲܻʺ֮΢գǳʶȤ˵Ҵȥ·
ܻʺ֪ǹҪ߿ȫڣûҪ
и·ڸϽȥϣСˡ
ݻ뿪˵꣬ȴڴˣϽȥ·
Ŷȥ·
ݼŮߵܻʺߣŲܻʺֱۣεһ⺢ôô¡
һ뿪ˡߵʱԲܻʺ˵ϹšҲ˵ϻ
ˣΪܻʺеˣǲܻʺȴǳƽ
˸ոպҩһĿζٰ׸Ͻ۽ӣԼ۽ɡ
һ۽ŰĿζѹȥ
ټЪ
ٰ׵ͷ˵ǵġ
š˫ü΢΢ɻ󲻽⣺ټôˣôһü
ٰ׿˿ˣɫ̫ãСؿڻصū澲֪
ʺʹʲôֶùټһһֱĻʺôôιûһ
̶ĻٰҪȰ˵ˣ뻹ûҿڡ
ʺ󵽵ʲôټҴδôӡ
ūû˵ʺʲô顣ٰ׼üͷˣ˵ӣΪˣźټңԹټҲŻȥʺǡ
ϲ⻰ոջһʱЦ绨ҪźټңֵŻʺ󡣡
ӣǸϿðɡԴӰ˹ް˵һֱ̫áǰʱգ˵Ӻò׺ЩΪ䣬ֲˣֱڶûкá
Ҳӡ˵ĵ̾˿Ҳûкãҵġ
ٰ״ŵӴ˵Ļӣ̫ҽ˵˼أԲŻٳûӡֻҪſģܺúõӡ
ٰף˵ټһ᲻ϲϻʺ󣿡
ӣټϲʺڹټʺԶԶġٰϸظ˸ǺñӣȰοټһ»ӣɵӡ
Ϊټ»Ӿͺˡ»ӣʺͲ̫ӡ
ӣᣬΪټ»ӡټȥޣûκβǹټҪȥʺ˾ͻ᲻ˡӣɲйȻͲ˻ʺԸô
ٰһ仰ˣ˵öԣҲʺԸøϿá
ٰﳤһ
ӣϿϢɡ
ͷٰװæ£˯ûãھ͹
ϸѯٰף˵֪˯òҲЩͷˡߵʱٰϸչˡ
˺ھͻ˸
ˣеæںʹǶкܶ鴦
ԕD͸׽Բء
ٽ꣬ԽԽ䣬ںͲܻʺ۸ûȥ顣
öĸÿԕD棬һľͷˣ׽Բأèè
ݺͲܻʺԺһɹ̫һ߿ԕDˣ
ܻʺʱʱʧЦеĲյʵʲôôһֱҿ
ݼԼ͵֣΢΢Щ˼˵ûж
㿴ʲôܻʺԼѵұÿˣ
һЦ˳Ǳÿˡ
𣿡ܻʺЦôûз֣
ɫ˲١˵ִ꣬ص٩һ䣬˷ϲ¾ˬ
ô˵ܻʺ˲˵ʲôصһۣЦҰ
ˡټʱһֱΪˡټ֪ĺá
ˣӶŹټܺͻʺúõأŹټܺͻʺɪ
ңǕDDܻʺɫƽһƬĮټǿڕDDϲŻˡ
̫ӵ£ɻ£ײܻʺ˼յѩ𣿡
ܻʺͷǡ
Ҳյѩ𺳵ˣþò
˵ˣҲǺ¡
𣿡ܻʺЦһЦ˳
Ǻ𣿡ʱ򿴲ܻʺ󡣺ӶͲõõټҵĳ谮ǻʺ̫Ըܳ衣Ƕϣ͹ټɪǹǣ̺͹ŮǶǳϲػʺϣټܺúôʺ
ɪܻʺҡҡͷ˵Һ͹ټֻྴ
Ϊʲô⣬ǲǲϲټң仰ݱܾãлʳ
ʳ˰ܻʺһֱڵ仰һΪԶʡ
û뵽ʺͲµҪʲôЦЦҡˡ
ܻʺڰ˵ûй㡣֪һֱΪҺ͹ټҵ鵣ģҾ͸˵
Ҫǲ˵
ܻʺٴδݵĻҺ͹ټɪΪټҲûаҵӡ
ԣˣôܣ
Ҳûаѹټҵɷ򡣡ܻʺ˵ټҶԾǹټңֻǳӣ𣿡
һԾ⡭ݱܻʺⷬŵˡ
ʺǹټԼԸȢģǴǰѡġܻʺտʼʱҲĻĽǺܿͷڲϲЩͰǿŰĽԳӵźټҡУܼλȨء
ˣи۲ܻʺˡ
ҽʮٳûУΪټҲϣ»ӣûһȨƹصҡܻʺԭһ˼͸ŮӣûþͷڲУҲ֪ΪʲôԸĶһλȨصңһְصĻʺ󣬶ǹټҵӡǴǴߵýټôDD
ƽܻʺί
ҽ˻ʺӵϵݺٻʲôƽġܻʺһֱѣûΪʱ͵Ρ˕DDûʲôġ
ټҶƽֲʺ󡣡֪Ϊʲôϲܻʺݳ۲ܻʺ󣬻ЩڡԹ𣿡
Թѡʺ֪Լʲôʲôҽѻ˵Ϊ㲻ҪΪҺ͹ټҵģҲҪȥˣΪֵáܻʺϣΪ˶Ϊʧȥ˹ټҵĳ谮
סܻʺ˫֣ôáﲻʺ󣬼޸һͨˣһ÷ǳҸټҾΪǴ󳼱ȢģΪܼңͶﲻϲ̫ˡ
ھúܺú֪㡣ܻʺݵֱԺͲҪΪҺ͹ټҵġ
ݵͷġôõĻʺټҲϧϧ
Ժ˵ʲôֱӸ˵Ҫݲʣܻʺ󲻺Լ˵¡֮仹ʲô˵ġ
ǣ
Զס˫ۣץԕDǡÿοҪץԕDʱԕDô߶øԕDʹ
ԕDҲҸװæȥҴס
֮ǰܻʺݷļѼ죬͵ȥںܺڣûһֻ
߶˸󻹷ǳţƵضҪȥץÿܲ
݋ݣDDָʹ۸ҡίֻҲܻʺ״
ԕDܹԸ㣬򲻹ףȻҋ݋ݸ״Ǹѧġ߲ߣ
DDˣթֱţ݋ݣDD̫ˡ
װ߶𣿡ܻʺĵʵ
݋ݣôۡסܻʺӣҡҡͷ݋ݣDDʹ
㣬бթ
ԕD仰һϲ˵Ӵ̫ӵ»֪թ
݋˵İ
ܻʺһֱԕD˵йرĹ£аթˣȻѧˡ
㣬Ҳһװ㰡
݋ݣҲҪ졣Ĺĵ˵ھȻĴ׶ȥDDĴס
㲻ݷǳ˽ԼŮӣͼһʱϲ˾ͻᶪ
݋ݡ
Ҫã݋ݸ˼ʱ䡣ȷҪһֻ׶죬݋ݾ
֪ˣ݋ݡ
㣬㻹治׽Բذ
㲻ôװ㡣
ãҲôװҡ
Ǽɡ
ǽֻϲϲȥ׽ԲأܻʺݶεЦЦ
ȵϣܻʺ˵þûȥȰȥš
һ룬Լȷþûȥ͸ĵȥݵĹ
˵֪ټȥʱһڴ
һ۾͹ˣԕDιõһꡣһ죬ԕDȽУСʲôֻҪԳԺȺȾˣҹءһһ죬ͱȽæˡ
һǴ󳯻ᣬںԕDҪ巵ܳд󳼺͸ʹڵĳݡȻԕDףѱΪ̫ӣӦҪٹٺ͸ʹڵߵݡ
һ磬ԕDͱܻʺ̫ӵĳԕDһδĻ̫ӳƽʱǴ
ܻʺԕDظϴϴҲûȵŵʱԕDԺ۾ڲܻʺĻ۾΢΢죬ʶѲܻʺιĶȥ
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·Сĵ㡣
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ԕD񣬾ͼٹͻȻϲ£ϲ̫ӵ£
ڴЦúúãɡ
ԕDûж룬ΪǴڹϲڼ񡣲ͼһЩбҪôôУǿǲ̫ЩȻԼһͷЩûгԵͷĹ
DDǻȥûбԕDߡ
ԕDͦأǳƵڵߡ
̫ӵǸСС˶ǴʱȴֵϺơ
ߵ̳棬űӣïʵòãǸĿ
ԕDԹɵصͷáԽĻȤ˯߸档
ڱԕDȥ˼ӢǺ͸ʹҲȥˡ
Ӣ˼͵Ĺ
ôǺ͸ʹȻԕDʶˡ
ԕDץܵʱ˶ˡǸʱڲûԕDס
죬ǶףسݣǸԕDʶ
ʱԕDСС¡ʷӢڵס
ԕDĿ⿴վߵһϡʮ꣬㣬˹˹ĵġûв´ĻӦþʵҲʷϵӢڡ
ԕDûгǰʵӵиһʱ䡣ûԕDʷһΪӢڣԕDͲΪӢڡ
ʵ̫ӵ¡ʵڸԕDʱ۵׻һĨ
Ȼʵ


27 
ԕD, ïʵԕD
ԕDïʵڻʵʵСʱڱ̫, ûֱ˻ȥ, ûֱӻصٽţΪܻʺ, ٴΰͻȥ, ϶ЩԹԺ, һʵ
ʱҲǳ֡ڸǺǶǰܻʺꡣ
ïʵѶ˻ܻʺæǰӡ
ڸǺǼ̫ӵ»ˣæԕD񣺡̫ӵ¡
ԕDſڲܻʺļϣ΢ؿһŮ, ϲʶ
ɡ
л̫ӵ¡
ԕDʶϷˣҲĸ, ˼֡
Ϸû뵽̫ӵʶзǳϲŵؿܻʺ󣺡ʺ
ĸ, DDܻʺ˵, ֶԻԕD˵, DD, ĸ
ϷСرԕD, ̫ӵ¡
ԕDԲϷ˹ɵؽһĸ
һĸеòϷĻŭţ̫ӵ³˲١Сﳤ˲, ǳо, Ϸͷ˲١һֱ, Ϸ˷ǳԕDСĺһСС;ز̫ۡӵֳÿ˲١
˷׷׸ͲϷ˵Ļ̫ӵ³Ưþ
ܻʺȲϷ˱һԕDŰѶӱϷʹˣԕDЩأܻʺš
ܻʺԕDһһڳˡȽڸǺŽˡ
ܼˣ˲Ϸˣвܻʺĵϱֶӡ
Ͳպ涢ԕDԕDҲǡ
ܻʺֶһֱŶӿЦʵնڿʲô
ùãڿ̫ӵ°Ц˵ùã̫ӵ³ÿ
ͬصͷ̫ӵºÿ
λֿ佱ÿԕDЦˣԲ˵ǳҲÿ
ʮһ꣬࿡㣬һ
սʮ꣬Ȼû㣬ҲΪӢҪȲ׳һЩһ
̫ӵ¿佱ÿͲն̲סЦˡ
݋ݣҪͱ档
ȋ݋ݰ·ˡԕDμ񣬾Ͳٴˡ̫أֲôůܻʺĶһֱᶳš
ǵһ¡
á
Ϸ˺ϱ̫ӵ¸׽ǻϲ
ԕDָɻʵ݋ݣأ
С﹬Сˡܻʺһ߸ӻ·һʵȵʱûг£
ûаʲôûзԕDԹſٸ˫֣òܻʺ󷽱·úá
ô˵ܻʺͷˡոһֱڵԕDڼںͼʱд˵СдҲ˹ִǶǻ̫ӣڼⷽòҪȻԺᱻڸڶӴѧǣסˡ
ԕDߴߴظܻʺ˵巵ˣ˵ĺʹɵʹʱС˵˵݋ݣҲϲĺʹˣ̫ˡ
һˡܻʺϯϼĺʹɵʹһһ
݋ݣôΪʲôǲ
Ѳܻʺסˣһʱ֪ô˵á˵Ϊ򲻹
򲻹
ԣĺʹɱۺǴβǵĶܻ֡ʺӴġɺʹ֮ĹϵԕDһӾˡDDҪǶǴмӣ֪ô𣿡
ԕDСȭͷǳ׺ݵ˵ǣǴˣǾͲҶ񡣡
ܻʺ󱻶ӵĻش𾪵ˣǸǾϲDDǲܼҵĺӡ
DD˵öԣǴǺǣǾͲҶ񡣡
ԕDװͰ͵˵݋ݣҳˣһǡ
ܻʺӵСȰ˵ã݋ݵšDDǲܼҵѪ˵ܴĺʹɡ
ԕD·ŴȥҲͲ档
Ͳռ̫ӵ»ﱧһֻ׶죬ǳ档
ԕDҫظ˵òһһ㶵ġ
ǲţԕD͵չʾһ
ף֡
׹Թһ߳ԕDϡ
ףһֻ֡
һ߳ԕDϡ
ͲտһĻ˾Ŀɿڴ
ԕDô׵վôתȦȦô׵أô߶²Ͳա
ͲǱôĴ׾ˣĿؿŴס
ΪףͲնֻ̫ӵ³˳ݡ
ܻʺԕDֶһҲˡ
Ͳվ̫ӵȻףǶöö࣬Ƕûࡣ
һСԕDͺλһ
ͲոԕD˵˺ܶ飬Ҳ˵˺ܼܶҵ顣
ԕD˷ǳĶȥܼ档ԺҪ̧䳼ĵλܼҾһܺõĺ˵ܼңպһ֧Ӧöܼ׽
ʱïʵ̫ӵȥ硣
ͲҲȥˡȻͲ󣬵ںŲ̫ʡ
磬޷ǾǺȾƳԷݡ
ԕDڱڻֱιʳ
Ǻ͸ʹڿһĻжΪ𾪡
˰Ǽʶγ谮ԕDģ󳼲ûмڳ谮̫ӵµĳ档Լţι̫ӳԷǵȻǳԾ
ʹڼô谮̫ӵ£ҲĳЩ㡣
ιӳ극Ҳûз¶ӣǼŶš
ԕDڻض˿Ǽ̫ӵ³ǿֶ̧̫ӵ
ǿԕD͸һЦݡ̫ӵ¹ɿ˵Цݣ˲䱻ɰˡ
һǺ͸ʹǣû˼ԕDڵĻﻻһƣĵذڵĺ档
ţӺȻºӣͷݵŶӡ
ԕD͸һ޹ֹɵЦݡ
ڵͷʵԵԵĶ
룬Ҿεĺ档⻰˵÷ǳֱ׳ͬʱַǳɰŰɡ
ãΡ⻰ŨŨĳ硣
Ǻ͸ʹǾͿ̫ӵڰιټҺӡټҲǳݡ
ٴ뵽̫ӵϲ˺ӵİã̲סԼĺӡΪ̫ӵĺӣ̫ӵʲôʱܰǵĺӰ
ԕDһڵĺӣЩˡ̫磬û˯á
ںȻֶûаĺӣɻ󣬵ͷһֶĻ˯ˡ
ïʵҲע⵽̫ӵ˯ˣСض˵ټңС˱̫ӵȥϢɡ
һ˯ţһͻѡ
ǣټҡ
ض˶ֱۣöӸĻ
ԕDͷڵֱϣ¾͸ÿšǣֲ㣬в˳ԷЩ׾üζûмסˡʹҶŪѻеĶӡ
Ȼע⵽һĻ׷ﾪ̾ټҶ̫ӵµĳ谮
ڲԲˣ͸ĺ˯÷ǳ𣬲һЦӳ˯ˣŶرӣݸվһԵïʵ
ЩԶֱӱȥŕDDʱԕDѾ˯ˣڵİͻ;лᱻš
ïʵСؽӹ̫ӵ¡ȱ̫ӵ£̫ӵûбŪѣﳤһ
ټңС˸ˡ
·ע㡣
ǣټҡ
ïʵԕDصչ̫ӵ¡
ԕD˯ñȽϳ˯ʱҲȽϳ˯ʱûѣŵˡǴһ̫ҽͰ̫ҽԕD
ڼ̫ҽһ飬ζһ궼ڲҸԕD̫ҽ
ܻʺҽڽеܻʺΪӳ£ľսӰڶӺúõأʲôⶼûУȻ
ڵ֪ʲôⶼûУֻ˯㰲˲١һܳǵĳݣȥںͼ죬ĵĶӻᱻŵ߻ᱻ۵
ԕD˯ʱĩѣûֱȥ˼Ӣ
ǹ磬Ǽ硣
ںͺ󹬵ǣڼӢš
ԕDֱڱڻιǶԡǶǽӡ
ճڣԕDҧһӲĶҺû̫ȻССݾҪѵ
ڼӳԳһöͭǮǸˡ
ԕDʱʱ˻ڽǮ˳ԵǮĽӣԢµһкˡ
ԽǶʱԕDСˣٱѵʵ֤СǶԵġԵڶǶʱֳԵͭǮ
һǶԵͭǮɲһĺڷǳˡ
ιԕDԽǶʱԼҲ˼ԕDԵͬһ̽ǶûгԵһͭǮ
̫ӵһԵͭǮվϲ̫ӵ£̫ӵ¸˵ԕDݵʱͻȻһ£˵̫ӵµĴպһΪεġ̫
ƨĵڵĿ
Ҳ׷վףԕDԕDڵƨ
ԕD˵ݵʱͻȻһ£һȻʱǿΪʲôôȣԭǰˡ
ȻЩǱʲô¡
һգԕDʱԭͻȻһڳд䴫ϰն˵̫ӵ
Ϸǻϲǵǣ֪Ե׺òãԽܻʺ˵顣
ܻʺ˵ԣǸʱֻڹдû뵽żѾ˹⡣
¥˵鶼˵̫ӵ⡭Ϸһǣֻ꾩ǵ˶˵̫ӵǺǻһʼӵĴԣϷ˺ܸˣǺ֪꾩в¥˵˵̫ӵͿʼˡ
ܻʺԲϷ˰ЦЦĸףǺ£õġ
û𣿡Ϸ˻ǲģ鴩÷зû𣿡
û¡ܻʺײϷڵʲôס֣ġDD̫ӣǴεĴһ¡
ټǱߣϷһֱ֪ڶǲܼΪɵ̫ӵԻڲ졣
ټҶԴ˺ܸˡܻʺοˣһգ˵DD𣬻˵DD񣬹ټ˺ܿġ
ܻʺô˵Ϸʱˡ
Ҿ¹ټ˲ˡ
DDǹټΨһĶӣǴεĴټô᲻ˡܻʺԵټҰͲȫµ˶֪DD𡣡ԕDΨһĶӣôԺпܻڲá
ǾͺãǾͺáϷ˳һˡ
ĸףңõġ
Ϸ˽סŮ֣΢΢̾˿˵ټһֱǲܼҡ˵û˵ȥЩίˣ̫ӡŮѡ빬ʺǲԸġ֪ŮҸҲûа취ֻؿŮ빬Ϊ
ʮ꣬ŮΪʺ󣬵һֱûΪټãвٶŮõĴԡ˺󣬷ǳߣͬʱַǳŮŮӣǹټҲŮ»ӡŮ̫ӣִ̫ϻû˸˵Ůκβǡ
ĸףںܺá
ãǾͺáϷ˾ͲܻʺһŮСͼΪ۰
ĸףһ顣
Ϸ˼Ůɫ࣬ͷɵһݣʲô飿
ĸףʲô£ýšܻʺº͵ȕDDٴЩȥܼѧϰա
Ϸ˱ܻʺ⻰ˣ̫ӵȥܼѧϰգټһӦ𣿡
£һټҺúܻʺ뵽ڱϵ츳ЦĸףDDǲܼҵĺӣڱϺ츳
𣿡
ܻʺϸظϷ˵˵ԕDڱϵ츳ԼҪոʮݵĺ׳־
Ϸһ𾪣漴һϲ̫ӵ¸СʱһģһСʱϲ游˵̵飬游˵ҲһͶ
ҼǵãǸʱ꣬DDСʱ
ʤһȥ常˵һ常Ӧûǳ̵̫ӵ±գǡϷ΢΢ü¹ټҲӦܻʺĸڼǰͲˣܼҵļ常
һ˵ټҵģȥ常˵һи׼ܻʺ˵ȵDD꣬Ҿȥ常ѧϰ
ãһȥ常˵ϷǰͲ̫ӵǲܼѧϰաˣٹվԪڣҵʱͼյƸ̫ӵ¡
á
Ϸ˺Ůһţڹдˣڲˡܻʺ˵飬ˡ
ܻʺôѲϷ͵ſڡ
ȲϷ뿪ŻصûʲϷҲܻʺǲ£Ǹܻʺ˵Ԫڵ顣
ٹվԪڣҪֻվͻȥԪڣڴŲܻʺ͸ȥ۵ơܻʺȥҪΪøԪڣټӦû̫ӵһȥ۵ơ
һԪڹ۵Ƶ̫ˣټһᵣĕDD߱ŵܻʺʶԪڵӵҲġ
Ҳǡ
ʱڸڴ۵ơ
ԕDҲһˣڻûглܳ棬ȻŹ˵γԪڷǳֺ棬ȥʶ¡
ϱݹڣǲʶγԪڵ֣Ǿ˵Ԫڲʷһַ
ҲҪȥ
㲻ȥ
һ⻰ԕDͲˣʵΪʲôҲȥ
̫СܳȥڼӲˣغԪ˶࣬ᱻ˵Ԫڵʱ꾩ǼˮйͨÿԪڣˡ
㲻Ǳ𣿡ԕD˵㱧ңҾͲᱻ˵
Ҳпܻᱻڿ򸣿˵ԪڣԹԵڹ
е
ҲûãԪڣǾڹ͵ơڵĴȥ͵ƣԕDȥԕDһ֣ڹ͵ơ
󣬽һɨŵò˵ˡ
ԕDӵתת⣬݋ݴǳ۵ơ
Ҳ뵽ܻʺ󣬶ԕDʹʹ
ԕD⣬ͷ
ڼԕDڼüŪۣ֪ʲô
ȥʺҲûã޲ͬ⣬ʺҲܴǳ
ǳ棬݋ݴǳȥ氡˵̫ˡ
ԕDǳͬصͷ
Цˣǳȥ棬ǻˣ
ǻˡ˵DDûгӦôDD
Ҫ档ԕDߵڵߣ˫ֱȣСҳƻᣬһûп
ӵСԴ㳤ˣʹ棬ڲС
Ѿˣʹҳ档
С
ڸհѻ˵꣬ͼӱ죬һҪ޵ı飬ŵϽ˵¡
ԕDҪ޵ı飬ϲʵģ
ġ±ӺŮһֱ鲻ţæïʵ˵̫Ӻ͹
ǣټҡ
ЄҪȻȥǡȻ͢ûϳʱ仹ǲل͵
ǲˡ
ԕDˣһ
DDǴ݋ݰɡ
ԕDͷ˵áղűˡ˵ǣû˵Ӧǳƻᡣ
һصܻܵʺߣ݋ݡ
ܻʺ¸ͷЦ˵Ҵƻ᣿
݋ӢĲܻʺƨ݋
ЦŮС˼Ҷܿο
ͷ㣬ֲͬҳƻᡣ
ȥԪڣ£ˣݲ̫ϲ˶ĵطСʱԪڲʧԺͲϲȥϿƻᡣĵƲÿ𣿡
ûйֺ棬˵DDûгƻᡣ
㲻Ҫ̫ӵ˵¡ݰ˵݋ͬȥҲͬȥ
݋ݡ
ҽ겻ƻᡣ
ûãȵؿԕD
ԕD׼ڣͱܻʺϣDD̫Сܳƻᡣ
ԕD͸ôܻʺڣǾǲӦǳȥ۵ơû취ԕDֻܿˡ
һʼںͲܻʺӿˣûӦǺԽԽף޵ɤӶˣͬˡ
޵ĺǳԣԕD֪һ㣬һıȡҪĶ˵СȨ֡
ΪԕDҲںͲܻʺͬ⣬û뵽ǳɹˣǳ졣ǰҪʲô͵ͬ⣬Ҳޣǵ˵䣬ͲٿˡǣDD͋݋˵ޣԽԽ
ԕD߸̫ˣ޾ͲޣӦԽԽ
˺̵ܽص˵ͷԺҲҪ޵
õںͲܻʺĴӦԕD͸Ԫڵĵ
ǵУԪڵˡ
Ԫ죬˸ʽĵÿһǳºÿȵϵŵʱ򣬻ƯĿ
Ȼĵºÿȫ˸ԕDĿ⡣㵽ȻǺܽϲΪļ㵽ϵ֮ǰǻùԹȥμԪڵ硣
ԪҪĽաһ죬ǻݼںͲܻʺףԪڡǲýףأϾԪڵǼ硣
ԕD͸ͰͲסںͲܻʺǳܻʺǱߵû취ֻǰǳ
ǰǻװһͨ˼ҡ
˹ſͣһţ
ԕDţʱһԾ
ţ

ܻʺӾ㵵ضţǵһμţظ
ԕDһγǳȱϱսǳеĻҪǿţ
ڰԕDڻŲܻʺղŵĻ˵йţ顣
ڽԕDⷽ棬ںͲܻʺһͬ㣬Ǿÿζʮؽ̵ԕDһС飬һСĶֻҪԕDû߲֪Ƕǳĵظ߶ӡͷǵţǻϸذţøԕD
ڲܻʺߵĸȻ֪ţʲôǻ÷ǳ档̾ԭţôá
ԕDڵĻ˫ְţĳϣ̽Դ˫ۺضų⿴
ڻûеУڻʳǸ⸽ǳ࣬ûа֡
ڼӶŴ⿴Ŷһ𿴣ʲô͸߶ʲô
һԕDǳţڵִС
ֵԣϿն˸ָĵֵԣ˸ʽ̯ӣԵġġ֬ˮ۵ġֻġĿԕDĿϾӡ
ȻûеϣвڽֵϣŮ٣ع֡
ⷬľԕDһ̸ܵεķ١
֪ʲôʱ˹ָŴ˵ĶԕD˵DD㻹ûгԹˣҸ˵˺ܺóԣǳ𡣡˵̧꣬ͷڣDDûгԹˣɡ
ﲻ֪Ůڴʲô⣬ҿ԰ɡ
ҡֺõضЦЦҵȻԣ͸Һ͕DD˰ɡ
ã򡣡
лл뵽ʲôԕD˵DDҸ㻹кܶóԵģ˵ݣɺóˡ˵꣬뵽ʲôϽ˵е֡
ܻʺˣЦҲݺ͵֣ƽʱҲг԰
݋ݣһġһ˵ݺ͵֣Ĳһ
ùûйĺóԣ
ĺóԣҲóԣǵζһԸ˵Թ˹ĶĶٺóҲûйĶ㡣һҪÕDDݺ͵֡
̧¸Դû뵽ĸǸСè
ҾСè
СèҪ̻DDڶԻеĶ˵DDǧҪѧóԡ
ԕDЦ㣬óԡ
ôô˵ҰչĹĵģҲŲóԡ
Ůˣæúúãĸóԡ
ԕDͷ޳ɵ˵㲻óԡ
ұͲóԡЦݵ˵
㣬Ȼ㲻óԣǴõ˳ԣݺ͵ֳԣͲҪˡ
Цݽϣ󲻷˵Ϊʲô򣿡
Ϊ㲻ó԰ԕDһ޹˵Լ˵İͲҪˡˣ˵óԡ
ҡԕD˵ҭסˣҪһʱҲ
ӰŮ۸ƿԣӵСӣС
ԕDְڵĺӣϻ
ͻȻذεһӣ۵ڵһ¶ӵСƨɣСôô
ƨɵԕDڵְڼӡ
ڹ۵Ҳ¶ʹɫǵԕDǳģȻذӡ
ŶۣҲۣǻÕDDĺӡ
ټңˡïʵͣţվţԡ
ڱԕDţܻʺǣŸţ
ԕDһҾ¥ſͣҾ¥ûʣʮɡ¥дš¥֣õԲ˫ۡ
¥
ζķ¥
û뵽ֱ˷¥
ϱӣĵǲҲз¥Ǹǰķ¥ȣĲ̫Զˡ
߽¥ԕDٴα¥Ļ𺳵̾¥Ǵεһ¥
ʱδʱǷ¥һ¥ˡ
ԕDǳһ¥ʱ˶ؿǡȻſͨѣһӦǹˡ
ǿڻԕDʱ̾ԕDúÿ
ڻƵĴ£¥һż
ڿ򸣿ʲô͵ʲôɡ
⻰һϲҾ͵˰
ɡ
ǵһ¥֪¥ʲôóԡҪǰæˣԼܵˡһ˺ü¥Ƶġ
ܿ죬ĵľͶ˹֮ǰ߶ݺ͵֡
ԕDڱڻιԵġȻ縣˵ĵĸζһ
ģ裬ͳ¥档
Σֻģ¥档
ʱֵϵȻ࣬ǻûдﵽ˼˵ĵزȵϣֵϵ˾ͻᰤ
ڱԕDܻʺǣŸ֡
һǰ治ԶڲµգڱԕD˹ȥ
µյ̯ǰˣûмȥվȺΧۿ
ԕDǰиСļͷϣͶ˵Ҫϡ
áھӣöļͷϡ
ԕD˫ֱڵͷһ˫СȴڵĲߣŲǰ
ǰСӺȻͷ˿һƯСܵܣС¶ȵɫ
ԕDǰСһֱΪԼմʲôû
ǰСֱֱضԕDԕDĪ
㿴ʲô
㳤ÿСܵܳÿÿĵܵܡҽ넣ʲô
넣
Ǹ넰ɡ
ʯĶ넰ɣ


28 
ļͷ, ŤŤͷԕD
ÿĵܵܣʲô
ÿĵܵܣ
ˣ˵Һÿķ, ҾͲƽҵܵܡ
ҽЕDD
Yangyangһֽͷ, һָָϵ̫, ̫𣿡
ԕD겻, ûж飬֪yangʲôyang˳넵Ļ˵ǰ
̫Ц˵, С̫֡
ǰĺСؿ佱ӵ, ʧЦ
ҽ, С넡넺˵, ѩ넡ҵȡס硷
硷
û, Ҳûб
넿һ꣬꣬û뵽ڳʫ, ʯĶӡ
ҿԽ𣿡넼Ťӵ״̬, ҲԽ넡
ԕDʹؽе֡
֡ƺʱը, ˵넣֡
ԕDһ޹գգ˵Ŷ, ֡
ˡ, Сͺڡ
, 넣넣֡ÿĵܵôЩ
ԕD⸱ܻСģúǺ棬棺ǣûֺ
ûֺ넵ԕDһôڶҡı顣
ԕDص˵ͷУ֡
֡־ѵݺݵز|넵ؿڣһֻ˪ӡ
넳ú֣ԲʮֿɰΪ֣ߵ˶֡넡˽֡
㳤úÿҲˡװͰ͵صһԕD漴תԕD
ڼӰ˼زˣӵСȣЦε˵DDô۸˼ң
ܻʺ̧¶ӵĺ󱳣ؽ̵DD˼ǲԵģģϿ˼񡣡
ǰ͵͵䣬ԕD˵ܻʺ仰ĵص˵ͷ
û۸ԕDգգۣǳ޹ɰ݋ݣû񰡣Ҫ넺Ҿֵغÿ
ԕD˵ÿת˫ؿĺÿ
ԕDЦСǳ˵ţֵغܺÿ
넵ʱЦˣЦطǳġ
ҲҺÿÿܵܵĲܴǵڶҳúÿˣϲ
ֵغÿԕDһ˵ֱ넺
վһԵĸԕD넺ÿõԲ˫ۣһšس˳ܻʺӣСʵ݋ݣֵغÿ𣿡넵ֺڣÿˣDDǲ۾⡣
òȡˡ
ǣDDÿ
DDʹȻԕDڳһ޹ģǲܻʺöڹʹ㲻ѧDD
DDͬؿһЦķǳĵ넡
Ȼô˵֡
ʯӺͽĺӵĶԻúЦû뵽һĶӱ۸˻֪Ļϲñ˽֡
վʯߵͱƭˣϲ̣ҲúЦĺ˵ûֵĺܺÿ
ʯһֱö̫ˣķˣҲƽʱöӳЩ⣬ҲöӳԵ㶫ȴΪ֣öһЩûʲôãСӾ͸һЩ
֡û뵽Сʱôƭ
넼ԼЩԶ֣߽Щ
ԕDڵţߵǰȥ
ãߵǰȥڿŶӣؼǰ档
ϽλӣںԕDվʯӵߡ
ܻʺǣŸ˹ȥߵߣλӣ˼鷳ˡ
ǰĸˣȻһŵѣϸĻϵ˿ǰĸûκκΣȴһ
ľǰλһǴ˼ҵķˡ
ӿˣҼҺðˡ
ɴɰܻʺͷ򸣿Ӵк
ɵ˸񣺡Ӻá
СӺáֹɿˣʮֵϲ
ߣܻʺ
ǱߣںʯҲ
ھáʯֺܶ죬һʱ벻
ʯǰλ죬һʱ벻
꣬нʿʱԶԶؼһ档ǣΪ̫Զûпڵ
ʿںȥݣ֮ȥ۴ءȥף۴꾩ΪְߣЩ겢ûлʥȥ꾩Ҳûʸϳʥ
ӽʿڵڣʯֻһ֮Եһ棬ûпվǰҲûϳ
ʯһڷвŻʯҲǰвţҼʶһʡ
λŶӵĸ׻ȵǼͷϵҲ
Ȼֻ꣬һСǳ˵һֱԕD˵ͣ
ԕDû뵽ô˵Һ޷֮ġһȫ˵ˡ
ϲÿƯܵܣ͸˵˺ܶȤ顣
ʯ˵۴أͻȻ˵ʯ֡
ԭ
֮ǰ岩˵й۴ص飬йʯ顣岩Ƽʯ
ڼʯˣֺһ̾Ȼ֮š
ʯԽģԽ̾ĲʶͲŻ
ǰһԲͨˡ̸ӦóţڳΪ١ôû˵һˣ
ĲŻӦڳкû˵Ȼȥӹִ¡ӹ֡
ʱǰȻһȲԭ˲еĵա
µյġ
µ𣿡
ԕDҡҡͷᡣ
һ⻰ͦСţһµա
ԕD⸱Сı飬ǳӵ˵֣
넵ȵľ仰С¶Цݡ
ϲĸƣҲµӮ㡣
⸱ŵĿԕDͲˡǰҵĵָָڸߴһϻ
֣Ҫֻϻơ
ϻƺÿӮ㡣넺ĵ˵
ԕDһ˫۾ؿ넣лл֡
Ҫȥµա
á
ڿԕDʯǸӺ棬һ𼷵ǰ档
յ̯һߣ˵ЩġҲԼƶġ
ЩķǳɣȫĵԕDеϻΩΩФ
С๫Ҫĸհ
ָָڸߴϻҪϻƵĵա
С๫ϻƵĵտɲ򵥣ȷҪ𣿡
¡ȻССģȴСҲ°ɡ
ϡϰȡϻóһֽݸ넡
넴ֽһдһʫޱľ¡
С๫ޱľ´һ֣¡
ޱľ£˵ǶŸġǸߡ
С๫ţȻ֪ǶŸġǸߡϰֻ꣬ȴ֪ŸġǸߡǾ
ϰĿ佱넺ǲΪ⣺ʲô
С๫ܲ³ʲô𣿡
롣šСüͷһ˼ı顣
ԕDڵļͷϣһ˫Сֱ°͵ͷϣһ˫Сػζš
ޱľ£һ֣̫òˡ
ԕDͲ˳ǽûж飬ܻش
ûв³ܻʺ֣Сʵ݋ݣʲôְ
¡
ҡҡͷ˵Ҳ²
ʯӰûڵҪҪһЩʾ
ҪϾҪ³ˡ
֣һܲ³ġԕDڵļͷϣ넼ʹ
̧ͷԕDЦЦţϾͲ³ˡ
²ͲҪ£԰¡
ҲҪҲ¡һ뵽˴𰸣˫۶ʱһǵضϰ˵֣Բԣ
ԣС๫ôѵն¶ˡϰ˵Űϻݸ넣С๫ϻˡ
넽ӹ󣬾;ݵԕDǰ㡣
ԕDֽӹ넲һЦлл֣
ԕD佱Ц÷ǳˡβ͵ģʱСβѾȴǫ˵ûʲô㻹ҪʲôӮ㡣
ԕDͷ򸣿㣬ҪʲôӮ㣿
ʱŷָĴڡƯЩ˼ˡ
һϲãĿԸ𣿡
ԕD넣֣Ӯһҽ𣿡
ЩͰ͵˵Ȼԡ˵꣬˫ֽճȭͷ򸣿Ҫʲô
ҪһֻСõ
ãӮ㡣ϰȡֻСõ
Ӯӵ͸˸Ӯ͸Ͳܻʺ֮Ӯһ͸ʯһ͸ڣһԼ
ںͲܻʺû뵽넻Ӯµ͸ǣﾪ̾⺢Ӵϸܵ
ʯںͲܻʺӴܵǸˣȴ˵ϲˣСǲҪٿӣȻӻ὾⡣
ԕD̾넲ǴʯĶӣСС;ʹϻ۹ˡռϱӵıˣĴ
Ϊ˸л͸ǵԵġ
ʱ넺ԕDǰ棬һ֣һ߳ˡ
ںʯǵ̸
ܻʺǣŸߺ졣
ȻͲܻʺ⣬һʣĵ÷ǳġ
ڼ˴ϻۣʯô̵ӡ
ʯڳ̣ͷǳ󷽵ذںúõ˵˵˵ûбŶӶ鱳ʫýµķʽӵĺģöϲ϶飬ϲϱʫ
޵ҫֻܱ꣬һٶ׵ʫֹˣӻʶ֡
˺ٴο넴ˣʯǸøף̵ӡ
ʯʢǸӶӣǵ⣬ϲûֳ
ʯƽô̵ӣôͶദ֪ͨ˼ҵĸôദƽʱʲô
ʯͰƽôͶദôָ˵˵
÷ǳ棬һ̵ܽı顣
ǰԕDһֻںʯһͷߡ˭뵽ʵۻʹôӣô̵ӡ
ںʯ˵˵÷ǳ𾢣˵˵˾͸ҫԼĶӣ˭˭˲ûгȻͳΪʷЦˡ
넳ˣԕDĴ
ʲôĶߺóԵĶСһؽиԵĵ
һھʯһǰĲ¥Ϣ
ǱȽˣոտճһ
һͼ̵ġ
ںʯûһ¡ʯ˵ݺ۴صķס
ҲԕD˵˺ܶݺ۴غ飬ԕDʮ
ϱӣԕDһԸǾαúɽϧûпʼʹ˴ΡⱲӣעĴ棬αúɽԸԶʵֲˡ
넺Ȼ뵽һ飬ԭ߸˵Сʱ
ԕD넺Ȼòģֱۣĵʵ֣ôˣǲǶۣǸոճ˲ٶֲԻ˶Ӱɡ
ҡҡͷ۲ؿԕD͵ǾҪ뿪꾩ˡ
뿪꾩ԕDһȣҪȥﰡ
˵Ҫȥݡԭ넺ܸܸȥһµĵطǽԕDʶôƯĵܵܣЩȥˡ
ʲôʱԕDǵʯͨУŻص꾩ô˵һߣҪܼһˡ
Ȼʶ넣ദҲһʱԕDϲ넡Ҫѵһͬѣѻǳܺ˵źúõظ棬û뵽һҪ뿪꾩
ҡҡͷ֪ӦҪüɡ˵꣬ץסԕD֣Ĳᣬ᲻㡣˵ѵһʶˡúÿˡ˻Ưɰúõ棬ǾҪˡ
֣Ҳ᲻㡣
ǾҪ뿪꾩ܻʺ
ͷ넶Ҫ꾩ĵƻᣬǰǾ뿪ˡ˵ѵһ̸ѣϧʶҪֿ
ʯ˵ȥ¡
֪ʯҪȥͨһ¡ʯ֮ţȫ꾩ְǱʯܾˡ岩ʯܾ岩û취ֻͬȥְ
֣ԵǻټġλʶѣʯҲÿϧѲ࣬ѵһ˵ѡʶ̫ˡ
ζЦЦ֣ǻټġ
֪ʶӹ𣿡ʯͻȻʵ
ӹ̣¶ɻ漴룬ҡҡͷ˵ʶ
ڲʶӹ̣ʯЩʧֲʶӹ̣ôӹҲʶ֡
ӹˣ
һλѣΪʶŵԺص꾩һȾơ
΢΢һЦ´λص꾩԰λѽܸʶ
ãǾô˵ˡ
Ǹһȥݰɣ˵ݺܺġ넾Լ̫ˣһȥ档
֣ҼҾ꾩ǲܸȥݵġ
һ⻰ֱʧô죬᲻㡣
һԵĸ뵽һ⣬ǿдŰ
Ŷǿдš넶ʱָֻ˾񣬡һд֣ʱҸдš
ԕD˵DDʱҰдš
ãдŸҡ
ðһдŸ㡣ߴߴ˵ҵݣҰݺģóԵĶдŸ㡣
ãҵš
˵ˡ넳ԕDСĴָ
ãԕDԼСĴָס넵СĴָϵһ겻䣬˭˭С
깴˻ôĴָ¡
̧ԕDļ˵ҲСˣѧдˣôʱͻдöˡ
ԕD⸱˽С̲ס͸һۡ
֣ͱҴһꡣ
԰ұһ꣬ȥдöˣ㻹д֡һضԕD˵ҵѣܲд֡
֪Ҫѧд֣ҾͲˡ
û뵽ѧѣҪѧһд֡
СͻȻͷǳСԕD˵Ӻ֮鲻Ů֪дţ㲻֪дŵݣ֪֮𣿡
ԕDû뵽ССͻ֪άǵ˽ǡԺǴ˼ҡѧҡ
ϧҪˣȻҽд֡ԼСظԕDҫʶֿɶˡ
СӾȻҰĺܴ󰡡
Ϊ̫ӣСӡ
ţҺܿҲʶ֣ܶҲдܶ֡
㳬ҵġ넲˵һʶ֣д֡
ߣһʶ֣д֡
һࡣ
ԕD˵˵žͽϾˣ˵ԼȶԷʶ֣ȶԷд֡
ԕD넸ոջúõأôһգ۾ͳŵøϽȰǲҪܡ
㣬ûгܡ
넵ͷ˵ӺĽ
ԕD넵ĶԻɵЦ
ǴģԺ˭ʶֶࡣ˫ֱص˵ˣҪҸ硣
СӲҪ뵱ĸ磬ͼǲС
ҪˣǲҲҪҸ硣
넲⣺ôУСôܽ硣
Ҫˣô죿
˵Ҫˣʲôʲô˵ֲ꣬һ䣬ǲġ
ãô˵ˡСӣԼ˵ŶԺҪˣɲҪޱӰ
넺ٺٵЦҵҸ硣
ԕDЦܡ
ӮˡԺҪһƯĵܵˡҪĺǡˣסĵİôд㰡
ԕDסˣܲܰѻʹĵַ넡
ܻʺյº͵ض˵Ұѵַд㡣
ð
ܻʺʲ¥ĻҪ˱ʺֽĸҵĵַд넡дʹĵַʣдܼҵĵַҲʣܻʺ뵽ĸҵĵַ
ĸҾидʯǣҲᷢǵݡ
ӣ֪ܲͨţ
ӣ㲻ĻҵȻͨš
Ȼ
λĸҲԼͨš
ڶʯ˵֪ܷͨţ
ֲ鸦Ը⡣
ҵֵš
ԕDǶҪдţûдţʧ䡣
ʱ¥µ˵Ȼ˵̫ӵµ顣¥ĲһҪ˵̫ӵµ飬ǳ
ںˮԕD¥˵飬һˮǺɤҵؿȿȿȡ
Ѷӱ̧ԕDĺ󱳡
ԕDһͣһŰСȵͨ졣
¥˵˵˵λ͹٣Ӧ˵̫ӵ³һʱԭշһ¡
˵
λģҽ첻˵顣˵źӣЦǺǵ˵ҽ˵̫ӵ顣
ʲô鰡
˵̫ӵץץĶǿ֪

˵ûӣ̫ӵץһһľ͹ټҵӡ£֪ζʲô𣿡
ζʲô
˵Ȼǳм˵ץ̫ӵպڣѧʶԨ
ԕD
ץСľ̫ӵպ׿˵˵ظλ֪̫ӵµǲܼҡ
֪
ǿ֪ܼʲô˼ң
֪ܼǿ
ûܼҲǿ佫֮ҡܼҶɸս̫ӵһܼҵѪ̫ӵպҲΪһıĽ˵˵ɫ÷ǳ̫ӵΪټҺͻʺĶӣպһΪ˫ȫˡ
¥Ŀ͹ǻã
ץټҵӡ£֪ʲô
֪
̫ӵպ̳йټҵ²
ԕD˵鲢ïؿ佱Щ˼ˡͬʱַǳѹ
ڣҶ˵պΪ˫ȫˡҪûǻᱻȫµЦ
ԕD˼ȥһͷڵĻ
ڼӺˣɵʧЦ
ʯһ÷ǳ档ȥײ꾩û̫й̫ӵµ顣ǰʱգ̫ӵһ£Ƕ̫ӵµǳ档
ֹʯһ˺̫ӵµ飬Ҳǳ档ǵٵģͨϰնԻʼҵ棬ǻʵۻ̫ӵ顣
˵˵˲̫ӵ´ϻ۵顣֪֪̫ӵºͺǵһЩ顣˵ԕD·ʹ͸ͷһ¡
ʯ˺󣬶ڸ̾û뵽̫ӵСС;ʴ֮ģǹټҵĶӡ
ںܸʯôӣǰ
ʯЦټʾ̫ӵպҲʾǴ֮
䡰ʾ΢΢ЦЦ̫ӵ»СҪúý̵
ԕDڵĻ﷭һ޴İۣǺǣŲʾ
йټҽ̵̫ӵպһܳΪʾʯ뵽̫ӵµ֣뵽һ𣬸пټҸ̫ӵȡΪD̫ӵպܳΪε̫
ڵͷ˵һܳΪġ
ղŵĻһϲضԕD˵Ҳ̫
Цܸ̫ӵᲢۡ
֣ϻۣպ󶨻᲻ʯ⻰ǿ׻Ļ
ӵСԴʯ˵ֻƽƽس󡣡˵꣬넣֣넶պҲ᲻
ּԡ
ԕD˳ǰ·СԴ˵ǳȥɡ
넵ͷͬ˵ǳȥɡ
ãȥ档
ǣԕDǰ档ȻյԕDĶԣֵ죬С˵Ҿ̫ӵºá
⻰˵ԕDһ֣֣Ϊʲôұ̫ӵºð
ΪѰܺҳΪѵ˶ǺˣǴˡ
С˵˰죬ڿԼǳƨ
˼֡
˶ϱԽԽ֡
һʼ˻һ𡣵ǣԽԽ࣬˱Ⱥɢ
໥ҶԷ˰Ҳûҵ
넼ԕDɢˣò㶼ˡο˵ҵĵַ֮ǰȥҸûޡ
ɢԕDҲЩʧ䣬Ժͨš
ټңʶ๫
Ƽݺ۴˲飬Ǹ˲šЦû뵽ڽ
ǻԵܻʺ뵽넣Ц넶飬ѵú͕DDͶϡ
ϲ֡
ҪϲԺòãڼ넴ϻϸܵԕDպӵİҲ
ԕDһãȻʵʲô
һ飬һòã
ðԕDһ飬ôԺӾͲˡþ˼ͬСԸԸҵİҪԸҵİǾһ顣Ը⣬Ǿˡ
ںͲܻʺû뵽ԕD˵ⷬǺ⡣
ãʱԸԸ⡣
Լʡʷһôʯһ˻ݴϺüꡣȼǳˣԸԸİ
˵ãԼʡ
ܻʺȻ뵽һ飬ټң๫뿪ǰӦûȥǵҪǲھ¶ˡ
ҲԣȴDD͸ȥǮң˳ȥʱʯ֪һ˵ʵݡ
ǮǲܻʺĸңвԶǮҵĸۡҲôʱʯŰݷøҲỳǵݡ
ԽԽ࣬ºͲܻʺɢһֱԕDһֽǣסܻʺ֡
ܻʺĸᱻɢǵӽ˨һ
δϣ꾩ҵĵȫһʱƻͨöĿ
˸ָĵƣиָıݽĿǳȤ
ڱڻԕDԼһ˫۾ãӦö೤˫۾ܿù
Ԫϣƻһֱţֱڶˣǿ͵һϡ
ԕDŵĹ㳡һ̨̨ڱݽĿŪӰϷϷӼȸֱݽĿ
һĿԕDȥ˷¥
ڷ¥¥ھٰԪʫᣬѧǰμӡЩѧӴ̫ѧ
ںϲѧʫѡ
ÿԪڵʫᶼֲٺʫôʡ
֪Ԫڻʲôʫôʣ
ˣ¥Ｗˡǰռλӡ
Ԫڵʫŷ֣ǰμѧǷǳһҪʹʫôŷ޵ĳޡ
ÿ꣬꾩ǶٰʫᡣһԪʫᣬһʫᡣʫᶼɵ¸ػ߲Ż֡
ȥʫֵģй״Ԫʸ֡Ԫڵʫֵŷ֡
ŷҲϲѧӣѧӵĲŻ͵ʶ
Ȼˣǳ沢ҡŷͭ࣬Ԫڵʫʽʼ
Ԫڵʫǡûκơ
ѧǡǳɣҪ֪ԪڵʫᶼԪйءԪûйϵɡ
ȻѧǲΪʲôǡʵʵԡΪʫʡ
ڵ֪ԪʫǡЦһŷޡ
ԕDһСظԕDԹʫᡣ
ԕDʵΪʲô
ΪұʫϺʫôʡƲƲ죬˵˵ЩΪʲôôϲʫʰ
ԕDҡҡͷ֪Ҳ֪ŴΪʲôϲʫʡʫʹ죬Ǻѧ
ϣٳһЩʫôʣٱЩʫʡϲ£Ҳϲʫʡ
ԕDĻЦˣͬһѡ漴뵽ҲҪĺʫôʣ˲Цˡ
㣬ҰһԺҲٱЩʫʡ
ǳжDDлл㡣DDĺõܵܡ
ϧǵûгɹʫᣬʫôʽϵس֡


29 
Ȼ, ԪʫϳֵĺʫôʣҪЩû°ʫʵˡҪʫʾͲһôʫʹ죬ùƽҪºʫʹ, Ҫ౳ʫ, ǡϲʫʵ̫ˡ
ԕDͬЩǲǳϲʫʾûбİ, ͲЩʵʵ顣ʫ, ΪһЩʵ²Ǹá
һ뵽ºʫʸ踳, ԕDʱ޿
ȻԕD͸ᱳʫ, ֹѧʫʡ
ںͲܻʺڻع·, Сһﶼûʲô񡣲ֹ, һζ
, ô, 𣿡ܻʺСԴ첻ĺܿô, Ҫعˣ
ҡҡͷ˵ǡ
Ϊʲôģ
ڵͷһۿƲֵĶ, ЦʵDD, ôҲ, ᲻ûع
ǡڰ̾Ժ󱯲ҵı
݋, Һ͕DDΪҪʫʡ޺޵˵Ұѽʫϵĺʫôʶˣᱳʫʡ
ںͲܻʺû뵽˵ԭ, ǿЦá
Թһкܶºʫʶûб, ֶôʫ, Ҫʲôʱ򰡡أ飬챳顣ǰʱգζڱ¡ʫʡ
ܻʺЦ˵ºͺʫӦ
СٵطǳߣҲϲҲ뱳˵꣬Ͱ͵ڣܲ𣿡
ڶԸͰһЦǽ˵Ļȴǳ顣
ܣҪúõر
ת˽ܻʺĻڡ
DDɲܸѧŮ飬ںΡԺ󳤴ˣҪúñ顣
Ҳ볤󡣡Ϊ̫ӣԺѧϰǳءѧϰ徭ʫʸ踳Ҫѧϰֹ֮ˣҪѧϰաˣ꣬Ҳûɵӡ
ڱⷬĻЦ㲻Ǻ넴˶ģҪѧᱳʫдôҪҪ𣿡
(o)ˣΪʲôҪִġ
¶ӵĺ󱳣գ͋݋ݽ㱳ʫд֣òã
ԕD˵
DDҪ𣿡넴̼ӣôʱͻᱳܶʫд֣ܶһʫᱳһֶдٲѧҪ넣넸ˡ
ԕDҧҧ˵ѧĴΪʲôҪִġΪģǰʼ˶ģɻ
ãտʼ͋݋ݶ㣬넡СС;˴ϻۣҲȫ넡ֻҪúý̵ӣһ넴
ԕDһ⻰һ˲춼ˣemoˡ
ˣҪ˯ʱп硣
˯ɡڻ±ƣöӸ˯
݋ݣҲҪ˯ֻ˯Ǳʹࡣ
ܻʺĸĺ󱳣˯ɡ
ڿ˿Ķӣֿ˿ܻʺŮεЦЦԺúúùܹܸëDD
ټңҲϱԹƽﻹʵʵر顣
ںȻ뵽ʲôɫõÕDDڶҲ֪Ǻ»£ìܣһϣض֣һֲϣض顣׻˵ۼˣڵĶ̫ӡ
ܻʺڵʲôټңڽһЩ򵥵ĶϸҪѧᣬDDѧɡ
ڵͷ˵˵İ졣˵꣬ͷȰѾ˯ŵĶӣ¸£޾ʹDDȥ¡
з汣ӣDDһƽƽس󡣡
һܡ
صУڲûлԼĸֱȥ
ܻʺϴԸԕDϴ
һ죬û˯ԕD˯÷ǳڱڻϴҲûѡ
ԕD̫СʱܺںͲܻʺ˯ڴϣֻܼ˯Сϡ
ϴú󣬾Сߣֳ°Ϳ˯Ķӡ
ܻʺ󰲶ٺøŻصԼ޵С߶ŶӿЩʵټңڿʲô
ڿDDڿܻʺʵ˯ˣ
˯ˣһ۵òᣬ¾˯ˡ
ʺҲ˯ɡ
ڲܻʺҪ˯ŵʱԼԼڵĻ
ʺллDD
Щû㡭ΪDDлл
ܻʺⷬвûҲû
һ磬ھˡҪ糯µһĵһ糯糯û̫飬ʱͽˡ
糯ڴҴһһ·ͼææسܻʺѴŕDD͸Ǯҡ
ܻʺϸǮǰ׼˲ٶ͸ʯһҡ
꾩ȥݣ·;ңԶ۳Ͷ١ܻʺΪ׼ЩԵġġõģ;л᷽Щ
Ǯûãʯһ˾ǮңǴС
ԕDһһ⡣ڳһ˵
ԕD֣һڵСд˲ᡣ
Ĳȥ𣿡᲻һȥݡ
֣Ҳ᲻㡣ԕḐ넵СԸдŰ˵꣬һԵнӹһСӣһֻŸ룬ֻ֣Ÿ㣬Ÿš
Ÿ룿ϲؽӹСӣ𣿡
ܣҪúöֻŸǻʳ˾ģʮ
˫ְСڻУһضԕD˵ģһúġ
֣ҵš
һдŵġ뵽ʲôϽԕDÿѧдְ
߿ѧдֵԕD£ͷ˵һѧġ˵ֲ꣬һ䣬ǲġ
ҵġϲ̵ЦһҸġ
ܡͲһ˻һСƨ
ߣ넺ԕDĵǱߣʯҲڵ
Ȼ᲻ãվҪֱ
ԭûޣǱţһ̣̲סˣ޺ÕDDҪ
ԕD޵ģǱôһޣŪҲ̲ס
ڰԕDڻУ˺ܾòŰá
ֱʯǵţŻسǡ
ڻҪæͱʯһңͼصСܻʺԕD͸ص
̫ӵôˣôһĵģһеʵ̫ӵﲻ𣿡
ǣ᲻ѡܻʺ˵ոջһ
̫ӵ£Сĳԣòã
ðһ˵еĳԣԕDָ˾񣬡СҪ⡣
úúãСϾ͸̫ӵ˾ͷĶˡ
תȥСģܻʺԕD֡ԹԵؿ顣գҪˣкܶºʫûб
Сʱǲܻʺֵġǰ̸ϵЩڣܻʺֱóԕD
γûкƴģֱֵġ
ܻʺһ߽ԕD֣һ߸ʲô˼
ԕDȻѧҲһܿƵ飬òѧûһѧͻᣬǲܻʺ飬ѧᡣ
һѧᣬǾ̫ˣԕDԼɡš
Сʱװźףǵȳˣžûôװˡ˵Ҳһ¡װСͺá
ʱ꾩һţϣѾˣڸѧʫѧԪʫϵʫʡ
ѧһǸϢһԵģȿڲ衣
ǲܻʺ͸ǵģǳ¿ɿڡ
ǲ˰ֻǳһСڣͳԳĵڲͬ꾩õĵġԼҲģõĲ϶ͨĲϡ͸ǵĵķǳõĲϿ϶á
ʯǲʲôο⡣
ҾǾЩ˼˵ʶһҾ͸ôĶ
ǵݣһЩݵĶǡʯҲû뵽һô󷽣ôϸܵΪ׼ô;ҪõĶ
ãʱһЩ
ιŸԵģ⻰æ˵ȵݣҪץһֻ͸͸һֻŸ룬Ҫ͸һֻƯ
á
ˣŸɲͨ˼еġЩһ˵ݣ˵һʲôˣ
Ǹ󡣡ʯһ˳ţǾһңϾ꾩Ȩ˽⡣һҶǻˣǲǵݡˣṼһƬ⡣
˵öԣϧʶһͷֿ´μ滹֪ʲôʱ򡣡
ʯһ˵Ժǻ꾩طꡣ
˲ܻʺʯһ׼˲ٶһ;˺ܶҲʡ˲鷳
ԕDԭΪĶĻһƣû뵽ûУ෴ɡԸѧѧԸѧͲѧܻʺһ㶼ǿһ
ںͲܻʺԕDʮֿɣǿ飬Ҫ飬ɰĽˡͬʱǳΪ˻ڿ飬鲵ˡ˵ѾˣӦ棬ԕDֻꡣ
ԕDοôʱҲҪض顢飬ƽ⡣
ʱԕDڸŲܻʺ飬ǡǧġ
֮ǰܻʺн̹ԕDǧġǸʱḶֻ̌ǽź档Σܻʺٴν̡ǧġͽ̵طǳ棬һһֵؽ̡
ǧġ飬ÿӸտʼʱ򶼻ѧԕDҲ⡣
ԣκᡣ
ԕDŲܻʺԹԵذ仰һ飺ԣκᡣ
ܻʺִԕD顣öӰ仰ظһ顣ʵԕD仰һ顣
һ仰ܼ򵥣ԕDһֲر˳
ܻʺ佱һȻʼһһذ仰ÿֶдȻһһֵؽ⡣
ڽÿֵʱ򣬲ܻʺ󻹻ʡ䣬ԕDõֵ˼
Ƚ仰İ˸ֵ˼󣬲ܻʺŶӵ֣ʼд˸֡
ԕDСûܻʺдֻ֣дƮ
˸֣ܻʺԕDд飬ͻдˡţٽһ仰
һԣһ廨һ߿ܻʺԕDд̫֡ӵĶͷһƬ
ѧϰ˰ʱܻʺͣԕDһ
˺óԵĸԕDԴԕDʼʶֺÿ춼ֺóԣ
ֹڶţңԕDͱŴȥԺˣ
ʱ򣬲ܻʺˣҪҪѧҪѧͼ̡ѧܻʺҲѧ
ԕDʹԺϣһһϣĲֺ
һԕDԪɺԪ档ʹһԪɺԪһߡ
׺ԕDϵʱᣬǶֻ˾ͷǳ׺׷ԪɺԪ߶߶ԪǷǳۡ
ֳ꣬٣߶˵ĹҲ˲١
˰ʱϣԕDͲˣԹɵظŲܻʺ顣
ǰںŷǸ¡˿̣һߺȲ裬һġ
ټң̫ӵ¶ô裬еĲյʵ
ڸʺѧǧġѾѧһˡЦʺÿ֣ǵãҲдڻ̫Сдòá
̫ӵ»д˰һȣ̫ӵѧ찡
⺢ӼԺãʺ飬μס˵⻰ʱ鿴ǳƵᣬڵ⡣
ŷǿ佱̫ӵ´ϻۡ
ʯĶȻǲЩʯĶڕDDôʱѾᱳʫд֡ڿûӸʯӵĶԼ
ټң̫ӵ²ſʼʶ֪֡ڲľ̫ӵ±ȲʯĶӣ̫ӵµĴϻۣһܿͻᳬʯĶӡ
DDҪʯĶӣҪ˼Ҹġᵽʯھ˵
Ԫʶʯȥ˽ʯϸ˽ԽԽʯĲܡ
ŷ֪ʯģ岩˵˲ٹ飬ǲûмˡڣټҶʯ޲ڣúǶǳ档
һǾȥ
صԺŷ˵ԕD顣
þûм̫ӵˣҲ֪̫ӵ³ûУǻڴһ̫ӵ£Ժһ£ǾҲûм̫ӵ¡
ԭΪ˳󣬾ܼ̫ӵ£̫ӵΪ飬һֱûԺ
̫ӵڶһ¡ŷһ뷨͸̫ӵһ̫ӵ֡
ʯĶܱʫд֣ô̵İ뵽ĶӾͷǳͷۣҶӵڶ˼ʫҲд֡Ķӣ꣬ǳƤԸúö飬úǳͷ󡣡
Ӻݺݵһ٣ͻʵʵض顣ŷ˵̫簮ˡ
޳ɵصͷ˵ûɹ̫簮ˡ
ӣЩε˵ҲᣬҼҷ˲ᡣÿ˵ӣͻŶӣҳ
ŷָźسЦڣ
̧ĺļǳض˵ɹ磬ڽⷽ棬ɲܾڡ
Ҳĺļù˵̵˵ɹ磬ڽ̵ⷽҪǾڣǽ̲öӵġӴǣúý̵ɲŵģɲΪھͲúý̵ӡ
ɹ磬ҾӦú˺ú˵һ˵Եӽˣٲúý̵ˡ
Цɹ磬û뵽ôڰ
˵һͨ죬ӲΪԼ⣺ǲһʶ
ҿǲҰɡ
ǡ鳰Цòᡣ
ŷ뿪ھǰӡʱԕDſϣ졣
Ϊġ
ԕDûע⵽ڵĵüͷص졣
ϱӣҲдë֣дĻ˵ⱲдëӦòѣ̫С˵ûʲôץʶץãΪ̫Сˡ
ԕDԼ춼ŤŤһ
ֻһֱֵ꣬дĺáȻֵֺƮдùдøһ
ڼӽһ죬̲סʧЦִ˴ӵС
ԕḐͷˣûʲôؽһ
ôûо񣿡ְѶӱĵʵǲﲻ
ǣҵдòÿԕDָָոյ죬㿴ҵдö󡣡
ԭΪ
Ӹոõֿ˿غܺá
ƭңزÿֲԶˡ
ô˵̿ס˵Լֱ넵ѿ
ԕDصͷ԰ֱдĺá
û뵽ӵĺʤôǿӵСذο넲ѧдֵʱһһ֣ͻһдĺá
𣿡
ģֻҪúõ֣ԺҲһдĺáڹӵ˵Ժ󻹻дĺá
һҪдĺáΪˣϱӻǸ鷨ңⱲܲһĺӰɡӵϣҲҪãϱӵֵˮƽ
ôиɾοŕDDԵġ˵꣬ŶŶӵһһ졣
һ֣ھûö졣
Ϣһ£졣̫Сʱ죬Сֻ۵ġ˵ոո݋ѧʲô
݋ݽҺܶ䡣
ʲô˵
ŶԣκᡭԕDѸղŲܻʺġǧġһһر
ܻʺ̵زֻ࣬ʮ䡣
ԕDʮ䡶ǧġһֲȫ˳
DDȫˡںĵؿ佱ӣDD֪ʮ仰ʲô˼𣿡
֪ԕDɵ˵݋ݸ˰
˵˵˵ĶˣͽóԵġ
ԕDƲƲ죬˵ҲŲҪóԵġ
ҪóԵģ
С˺ܶóԵġԕD˫ֲǳ˵ҲŲϡ͵ĺóԵġСĵģȹĵĺóԡ
㲻ҪóԵģҪʲôԺúóԵĵ˶ˡ
ԕD룬ʱû뵽Ҫʲô
ˣٸҪ
ãڸ˵ʮ仰ʲô˼
ԣκ˼ǡ
ԕD˵ʮ仰˼С࣬޵DDȫ˵ˡ
ڽŲܻʺ̵ݣԕDÿ첻жæڶһ̵ӡ
콥ůˡ
ھԕDȥ¡
գ糯ھʹԕD͸ȥ¡
µҪ̫ӵΪӣһ¡ص顣ԣԕDӵʽǳ֣ءʵߵŰݣȻֵǼڲᡣȻֻһҷŸԕD
ԕDķҷŽиۡȡţϣһил۸
յʽڵﳤһھʹԕD͸һһݷ𡣵Ȱ𣬾ͱµ뵽ԺĿͷ
ԕDڵߣ˫ŲյССڵغˮ
ټңƶɮʦֳˣ𣿡
ɫһϲվʦˣ
ճأҪ𣿡
ȻҪ鷳
ټңԵȣƶɮȥʦ֡
ܿ죬µִʦǰڡ
վʦǵ¸أҷ𷨾ǰʲôɻ󣬶ҿվʦ졣
վʦһͷһ۾ע⵽ߵԕD
ԕDϺһֱ񻹷ǳﲻЩţϺиòῴǴİɣ
ڼվʦһֱŶӿ黹ǳ࣬ﲻЩġ
վʦDDʲô𣿡
վʦع΢΢ЦЦټҷģ̫ӵºܺá
𣿡ܾÿվʦոտӵЩ졣
վʦ͸һ
ټҷģ̫ӵ²¡
Ĳ𣿡ĵ飬ǶӲƽƽ
Ĳ¡վʦĿȰؿԕD̫ӵºܺá
ܺã
ԕDһͷʺţôϺлл
ټң̫ӵȡΪDǶԵģ̫ӵպΪε̫
վʦô˵ﳹ׷ˡ
DD̫һģҲŻȡΪDϣܳΪε̫
̫һдˡվʦ⣬ټң㲻õġ
ʦô˵Ҿͷˡ
ԕDϺе˼ԭ˵иպ󻹻дɾ͡ô˵Ӧƽƽ
̫ӵ³Ϊļӣһ̫ӵ¡վʦĲȡһʦ͸ĵһöӣľ͸̫ӵ¡
վʦʹã̫ˡ֪վʦӷǳ󣬾˵ǰһ¸صĴʦӡλʦʵĵӡС͸ʴʦѧϰ𷨣𷨷ǳв˳۹öӣվʦܾˡ
ټң͸̫ӵµܾܾ
վʦô˵Ҳپܾˡ
DDллվʦ
ԕDվվʦлллʦ
վʦԕD֣ԕDԹԵߵߡվʦһӵӴԕDĲϣض̫ӵ£öӻᱣƽ£Ҳᱣ׻һҪã֪𣿡
վʦ̣ԕDĪЩѵԺᷢʲô
֪ʦԕDӷŽ·ؿϡҲ֪ǲĴоһůؿӡ
վʦԕDͷȺ͵ض˵һҪá
ԕDصͷһáվʦöӣԺĻᷢõ顣
ĿԱ𣿡
԰ԕD˽վʦĻոΪϺлҴǴԽߵݣû뵽ûУһöܷ׻ӣǸˣܴ
վʦԕDڻƽʱϲʲôϲʲô
վʦүүһе죬ԕD֪½ģ
֪ԕDڶʶ֣վʦȻ뵽һ飬˵ټңÿ̫ӵ͵Ҫ̫ӵ·𷨡̫ӵպɱ¾ǳأỵĸ𷨣պɱ¾㲻ƻĸ
ȻDDѾΪļӣȻҪѧϰ𷨡
ʲôѧϰ𷨣
꣬׼ȷ˵껹Ҫʶ֣Ҫѧϰ𷨣⡭Ȼ̫̫ˡ
ԕD΢΢죬һ˵ӣվʦС˵ۣѧϰ𷨶кô
ԕD˿վʦ˳ص˵ͷʦѧѧϰ𷨣͸һǹԹɡ
ԡ
ڼվʦϲӣǸˡ
վʦDD鷳ˡ
ټңǷļӣ̵Ӧõġ⺢Ƿ͸ε̫⺢ӳ¡ټңĿԴ۳ȥ𣿡
Ȼԡ
ۣǳȥߡ
ԕD˿ڶͷ
á
վʦԕD˳ȥԕDԭΪվʦһЩرĻҪ˵ԲŻû뵽վʦֻǱߣ˳˵˼ҵĹ¡
ͷֶ˵ʦֺϲ̫ӵ£պʦ̵ֽ̫ӵ·𷨣̫ӵһḣ񡣡
û뵽վʦôϲDD֪վʦƢԣȻԴÿ˶Ͱף۵˺١DDܱվʦĸ
س˳ڵӣСʵDDҪҵ𣿡
ǣDDңDDֻǼӡ
ŶŶŶǾͺáˣΪDDҪҵС
һվʦԕDصͷի
ԭιԕDԷģվʦˡ
իھʹԕD͸عˡǰվʦ¸³ԕD͵
¸³ʼԕDÿ¶Ҫ´죬ſվʦѧϰ𷨡
ڱʾǵģ³һԕD͵¡
ڻع·ϣԕDվʦ˵ʲôԕDѿվʦ˵ļ£˵˵
˺˲׿վʦġ
صУڰѿվʦ˵Ƿܻʺ˵˵ܻʺ˺ﰲ˲١
»ںͲܻʺǾǳ˶һǲôԕDСС;زۡ
Դվʦ͵ӺԕDоԼͦ꣬Ӧû⡣


30 
һ
ԕDֳһꡣ
ʱ, µ£Ϳվʦ壬µĲΧ, 塣
һǰʼ, ԕDÿ³¸վʦѧϰ𷨡վʦѾѧһķ𷨡˷𷨣վʦҲԕD˵塢鷨ࡢҽ, Ⱥܶණ
վʦ˷𷨾ܶණҲǳóһ, ԕDѧϰ˺ܶණ, ǳ
ʦ֣ӮˡΧ²վʦ壬ԕDʱʱӮվʦġʦ֣һ̰ɡ
ԕDǷļ, ʦǷ, ԲܽпվʦΪʦֻܳƺվʦΪʦ֡
ȻϿվʦԕDġʦ֡, ʵվʦԕDġʦһ, վʦѧϰ, ԕDԽԽϲʦ֡ʦ֡ǰǳ, Ҫκαװ
ԕDǴԽݣվʦͷ, ֻûȷ˵, ӿվʦСӿܿ
, һ̡ԕDСʦܡվʦǳϲ۰Ҳǳ硣
һ壬ԕDʦ֡壬ʦֵΧ塣
һʼԕDվʦΧ廹αװϾֻһĺӣֳ͵Χˮƽ̫ŹˡǣαװڿվʦиһվʦֱóʵˮƽΪ£ԕDµվʦ֪ʵݡ
ԕD·ǳйԣֻ֪֪ءϱӣ˵ĸоʱģǳºûκιԣǷǳסģܿ
վʦԕD壬壬Ҳڽ顣˵أáԲ󡱣ҪһζĹ
սڿվʦĽ̵£ԕDķô񹥻壬֪Ϊ֪Ϊ֪Բͨ
ս˫ǳţ˭Ҳ˭
һ࣬ڱվʦġݲС£ԕD˲١
ߣԕDڿֵظվʦ塣Ǳߣˡ
£ԕDȥѧϰʮˣҲζ£ڿʮûмˡ
ȥ꣬ԕDտʼվʦѧϰʱÿֻѧ졣ǣӽ꿪ʼԕDÿ¸վʦѧϰʱԽԽ죬ִʮ죬ʮ¡ںͲܻʺͬ⣬ԕD޲վʦѧϰ
վʦѧϰѧܶණѧ÷ǳɣϾڿվʦҪκαװ
ڸ̸£л

ڵ̾ĵʵټңôˣǲǷʲô飿
ڰڰ˵ʲô£̫ȥ¿ʮˣֱҲûȥ½ЩöӸվʦѧϰ
ټԭ̫ˡ
˵ʵҲ̫ӵˡ
ټңֱȥ½̫ӵ¡˵꣬Ȼ뵽һ⣬ټңǿԸһȥ½̫ӵ𣿡
á
⻰˫һһϲɫ˵úúãǸһȥ̫ӡڲһȥԕD±֮ǰһȥӶӣͱؾܾˡңԕD˵ӣڲӡû½ڲ½
ǣκǸһȥӕDDDDӦòӦûԹԵظع
ۺ˵þû·ˡ
ŷ޵ͷ͵˵Ҳþûȥ·
˴յͷ˵ȥ·㡣
˵Ҳûȥ£ոټһȥ·㡣
ԵҲȥ·㡣
Ȼ˳Ǹһȥ¡
ǣټҡ
ָһúȥ
ڸһӣھȥˡ
ǰ˻УϲԽֱּΪΪ£Ǽڸһ٣̫谮ˡ
һڴ󳼷ڲΪֻʱա׼»ӣٲΪ˳Ҳٷԡ
һ̥ʮڴأϣΪһӡ
Դ˻Уÿ춼ǰÿһ³ͻԴ˻кÿһ³ͻȥ󡣲ҪԕDÿһ³ǻȥ
ԕDҪȥѧϰھͺȥ
˼ˣͱֱ
ڼλк˱ý٣ҲĿĲ룬˺ܶࡣ
ι˳Ѫࡣ
ܻʺԕD·˲٣øԕD·ˡȥ꣬ԕD·Ѿˡ
һ࣬ԕD˲٣Ҳ˲١ȥ·ȫ̴ˡ·ȫ
ԕDȥ괩˵·ܻʺûӣǸ˲ܼˡܼԕD·Ǵʡ˵ܴ̫ӵ´ľ·һǳҵ顣
̫ӵȥ¿ʮ˰ɡԕDݺͲܻʺҲǳ롣֪̫ӵջز
DDûŸŻӦòԕDÿλ֮ǰǰŸŻȥ
һ죺βҪѧϰ°ɡ
ղӦð²ŻܻʺҲӣǶӸſվʦѧϰǺ£Բܻʺ߶»
⡭ʲôã̫ӵ´ŶԸعˡû̫ӵ£о˲١Բã̫ӵô᲻뿪
ϲվʦܻʺЦվʦ̻ܶණ
ͻȻ뵽ʲôɫһӱþ̫ӵôϲվʦԺ󲻻ҪҰɣ
ںȲĲܻʺ仰ǺˣȿȿȡʲôDDôܳҡ
Ҽ̫ӵôϲվʦﵣġ
ңվʦҲҡܻʺݵֱҪ롣
̫ӵ²Ҫѧϰ̫ãʮ͹ˡ뵽ˣֻУ˵һ̥ǻӡ»ӣ̫ӵ˵Ǹвټô谮ˣҲһֱϣ»ӡҪ»ӣټҿ϶ǳϲ˵ĶҲٰ۰˵ᳬ̫ӵ¡
вܻʺǳ侲˵DDǵӣǹټԲ̫ӣΪ谮˵ĶӾͷϳDD
ҾòһҲ֪˺ܻټңټҶҲһûǣ˵ͷԷȾ͡
ܻʺֵݵĶͷЦ˵ټҷȣǿɲͷԷȡ
Ŷдǡ뵽֮ǰټҪΪΪǷǳԣΪͲ֮ˡ°ˡ
˵ң㲻ҪġڣǹټңҲDD
ǣ
㲻ەDD³ԲôˣԸһЩóԵġܻʺЦϲĶ
̫ӵ»ҪúõظһÿԕD»ݶˡ
ټҡ
洫ܻʺݱһµ¶ȵɫ
ټôˣ̫ӵ²ʱټҺٻ
˽ܻʺݸϽ񣺡ټҡ
ɡڸմǱ߹ǳãһ⡣ʺմȥ½ӕDD
DDŻأ
ûУȥ·㣬޴һȥ˳ѕDDӻ˵ղȥҪ²Ż
ܻʺô˵֪±DD֣źһȥ¡
Ҹոջ˵̫ӵǲҪ²ټհ̫ӵ½ӻ̫ˡϲõ˵ʮûм̫ӵ£Һ̫ӵ¡
Ҳ룬ǸСûĵĿ϶ǡᵽԶµĶӣΣǳ硣ʺ󣬕DD޵ĻĻԺѧϰʮ죬Ҫѧϰ¡
ǣ̫ӵѧϰʮɡ˵ָĿڣѧϰɡʮҲ̫ˡ
ڷǳ޳ݵĻԶԶԣѧϰ͹ˡ
ܻʺʧЦãҸ˵µȷ̫ˣÕDDȥѧϰʮ졣
ڸܻʺ˵뿪ˣصˡ
գ糯ڴźǰ¡
ԕDվʦΣڴźһ㣬ﲻ֪ʲô⡣ΪȥɷѿģȻѺһ¡
ŷûм̫ӵ£һ̫ӵ³˲٣ֳˡ
ŷǣԕDǷǳĵģдǡ
ڸվʦԕDŷ
ǹĵѯԕDʱ¹ôԵú𡢺ȵĺ˯ú
һʼ֪ԕDÿҪѧϰǷǳĵģϾԕDǳסǵǵ̫ӵ³ԲáȲá˯ãϾûлʹá
ǵ̫ӵѧϰûǳоͷˡ
ԕDʾһкܺãŷҫʮѧĶ
վʦƽҲԕD徭𿴿վʦǷˣҲǳͨ徭Ҳŷǲֹˣʮóдʫʡ
ԕDʮոſվʦѧƪġ͡ӡѧʫŷǵҫһ
Ȼ֪ǵ̫ӵ´ϻۣÿζᱻǵ̫ӵµĴϻ۾
ͼ̫ӵ˴飬ԽҪ̫ӵµ̫ӵ꣬ٸټһ顣
ɡ
ð֪ԕDƽиվʦѧ塣վʦոķһǸվʦĹǿվʦĶ֡
ɣܺġΧ壬ǲһĶ֡ߣΧ壬пܱ¶ʵˮƽǣ壬ͲⱩ¶ʵˮƽ
壬ʲô壿һ˵壬һɻ󣬡ô£
¡ԕDһӷ̵Ľ㣬Ȼһ߾Ӯˡ
⵹ͦ򵥵ġ
ұСˡԼСԕDܺƤ¡
̫ӵ£롣
ԕDִ£ִӺ¡
ԕDͺ壬ǺһԹۿ
ˣ̫ӵȻܼ򵥣ȴûô򵥡һ̣ϲ򵥵塣
ò棿ԕDոռһ壬ͷˮҪҪһ̣
ð̫ӵٴδͽ̡
ո¹һ̣Ѿ֪ôˡԭΪڶ̣䣬û뵽̫ӵɵӮˡ
µһ壬ԕDˮոյ壬ԕDûٷˮԺܿӮ˺
Լʮ̫֮ӵ£ˡ
ɹ磬ã̫ӵһ̡ŷǿԕD壬úȤ̲סҪһ档
ֱӱŷ޼ˣ̫ӵ£һ̡
ð
ŷԭΪԼȺǿһ㣬û뵽Ҳʮ֮ˡ׼һ̵ʱ򣬽ͼˡ
վտǼõġƽʱϲ壬ϲ壬ÿζ͡
Ȼ壬ǵһ£ûԕDӮԕD˶ʮӲӮ˷͡
ƺԼˣÿһƺˣǵˡ
ѷͼԕD壬Ҳˡ
ҲˡǲԼô򵥵ˡ
ԕDӮ˺дУǳгɾ͸С
ںͿվʦ󣬼Ӹһûм壬ºǺ档
վʦ壬̫ӵŪµ巽ʽܼ𣬵Ҳ˼
ڿһѧˣŷ޼һ̣ûκˡ
DDի͸عòãں݋ݣСﶼˡ
ԕDǳؾܾá
û뵽һ½ӶӻعӻǲԸعЩˡ
ΪʲôãDD⺢ÿ¶᲻ûع
һжûиʦѧ꣬ٻȥԕDҲ֪ܻʺûд¾ôգһع
Ĳܸȥ𣿡
ܣһûѧãҡ
̬ȼֻܴӦӦԕDͻ޸
ǵ㣬һȥ
һȥ݋ˡʲôãǺóԵĶ࣬عԴͣԋ݋⸬Сķ˺͵ġ
벻ڴʵ
ԕDûκԥ˵롣
ˣְѶӱԕDСĲ
ԕḐ֣ڵ룬ʲô롣
СûĵģǷǳģ̇Ĵ¶ӵСƨɣ㾹Ȼһ㶼ˡ
ԕDװһģشװò񡣡˵꣬ڵ
ɶץסӵһ˫С֣Ͱ͵ʵĲ
ڵôķϣҾǿɡ
ڱ⸱鲻ԸЦˣûĵС
һфӵģ㻹ǸϿȥɡԕDڵ˵ǵúһȥ
ã㡣ָ˵һŴźǻȥ
ŷǼ̫ӵ½ղعﶼЩʧ䡣֪̫ӵºջعǶʱָֻ˾񣬴ӺǾ̫ӵ¡
ڻصܻʺݼûаԕDӻﶼЩʧ֪ԕDջͷˡ
ǻصԺæ£æǾ塣˼壬ͦȤ͸ѧ
ʱ䣬ڳдз
꾩ܻҵϲ磬˵ǻʼǵһ꾩ǵˣ·
䭴ӳ棬꾩ǡ˵ºҺ飬ʹ¡
ɲǻǱǰ𺳵ˡ
·ǳΰҷǳׯʥڼһ̣᲻ر¡
һǣһ߽£ȥ
긣ִ¡
һԭǾµķ羰ǳáȻʱֵ죬µķ羰Ӳӡ
µĺԺһüÿ죬ͻɽɫǳƯ
ҶƮڵϣҶڵϣʮֵ׳ۡ
ÿ죬кܶΪ˹ýɫ˵ľɫ֮һ
䭵ĺѼƼȥ£һҪȥá̻Ի͡
Ȼ£ȻҪȥһ
䭴˼ɮ˺ҵýӲӵ
ԶԶʱ򣬾ͱĽɫǲûоʲô⡣ǽʱر𺳵ˣرһɫˡ
̫Ư̫׳ۣ̫ˣ
޶ڵϽɫҶ
Ҷǽ𣿡
ҶҶӡ
ǽӣҶҲ£ƬҶۿ̾Ư
ҶÿͳԼװҶ
ճҶѧҲԼװҶ
µΪʲôĲһüüɽҲǵҶûµҶÿΪʲôҶǽӲӵģЩҶǻɫǽɫġ
Ϊطһ֮ǰ꾩ǵطҲЩͷǳͨôöĿ
Ϊ
ͻȻһŴŴѭ˹ȥǰ治ԶվһСɮˡСɮ˳ʮ־¿ɰ߻һֻ׶졣
޽һ׶죡
޽׶족ڵس˹ȥ
ޱ׶߶׳˹ŵһߴţһܡ
ҡ
ףԕDһԹͣ£ȻŤֵӹԹԵػصߡ
ԕDĴ׵Դ۸ˡ
׿˿Զޣ쳤ӶԕD˵ҵġ
ԕD˴˵ʲôͷ˵㱾Ǵ׶찡˼û˵ԕDʱ룬ǲΪִС߳ûаԼ죬ΪԼһǸˡ
ίԴ˲ԕD֡
ĿɿڴؿԕDʹ׵Ļ
ԕDŴ˹ŵ
˼ոմŵˡԕD˿ǰˣ˳ú񣬲ӦǸӡ˶úܺÿţɰһֱԼˣǶ죬˵Ǵ׶죬
ǱԕD仰ˣ˵С¶Ծɫ
ף˼񡣡
ſ߳ǰұ֣߳޵ͷ
ĶԕD̴׵ģһѧͻᡣ
Ǹ˱Ķסˡ
Ǵ׵ϣʩԭ´ס
ָŴףҪ˵ʲôΪ̫𾪣һ仰Ҳ˵
СʦôƺλСʦûȣӦµļӡ
ԕD˫ֺϵҽиֱۣӽҸ۾Ϳˡ
СʦŵǺܺСʦ
ԕDؿ˿Ǹˣǲ꾩ˡǵĿЩĴǱߵġ
üüɽԕDܵ䭣ҴСޡ
䭣

ޣ
ԕDԲһ˫۾ŵؿǰˡ
Բۣ˭ˣȻ䭡ӣ
䭼Сʦ𾪵ؿǣ²ɻѵŵλСʦ
Сʦ
ԕDŴӾ޴лعǳ𶯣?ʧˡʲôˣȻոӡ԰ոӲӦüôô꾩ǵûĻʷ޵һ꾩ڲμӿƾٿԵʱôھ꾩
Сʦû°ɣǲҸղŵˣ
ԕDҡҡͷ˵ûСҵ찡ȻޣһСʱİ汾
ʮң㣬˹Ĺɡ
޿߰ӣе֣һԲԲģܿɰ
λʩ𣿡
˵º
޴̽СԴ˵˵һúƯ￴ġ
ԕḐͷһͷӲӵͷ˵ûµÿ죬кܶ¿
ո˵Żڲͬ𣿡ûԕD˵ĵһ仰
ԕD΢΢ͷ԰ʦ˵֮ڲͬΪһֱϴ񡣡
Цô˵Ҳû
𣿡ԕDСԴʵºģֻҪһʵֵġǰ꾩£Ϊ˸Ժаɡ
ллСʦ֪Ѿ긣ˡ
üݺԶģǧ꾩𣿡
Сʦ֪üݣЩʵ
֪ڵͼϿԕDٴʵ꾩𣿡
ǵģ꾩档
䭺ϲ棬꾩Ҳ
Ҷ꾩ģԸǽܺĵطԕD˵꣬ǸԻּһ䣬кóԵĵط
ȻóԵĵط۾ʱˡ
ͷСʦܡ
Ҫȥĵط棬һҪȥᡣԕDؽܵкܶģˡŪӰϷпϷ˵ģˣ
óԵĵطѡȻǷ¥ԕDܵҹУкܶóԵģºóԵĶһҪȥ
ޱԕD˵ķǳһҪõȥҹС
ѽܹЩطû뵽ǰСʦҲ֪ô
ллСʦ֪
ҹеĶóԣҽǶԕD֮ǰȥҹУҶܱˡ
æʵʲôóԣ
ôʣԕDпǳԻ
ϲ׳֦࣬Գ
ãллԕD˵óԵļˡ
ѽˡԕḐԼСͷǸ˵µի͵ҲܺóԣҪҪ
⻰˵˲÷ǳȡ
УµĲҲܺúȡԕDǸ˷룬λʩĻҿԴȥͷϢȲ衣
ڴؿ䭣ȥȲɡ
֪µի͵ģСʦǾ鷳ˡ
ԕDڰ˵鷳鷳Ǹɡ
޺뿿ԕDߵĴ׶죬ֻܽظߡ
һֱԕDߵĴ׿̲סʵֻ׶𣿡
ǰǱҷġ
ģһ졣
԰Ҹ˵ԕD˵˵ô׷ġ
Ǹ˺󣬶׷¶ɫ
ԕDָҫ׵ĴǸһһ㶵ġ
޿׵òһˣǴ׶
ǿͷλʩϢһ£ȥ˸Ƕ˲衣
鷳Сʦˡ
鷳
ûһɮ˶ˮ͵ġ
λʩá˵꣬ɮֶԕD˵ʦ棬ȸˡ
ԕDǿվʦʦܣıַǳߣʦ壬ʦ档
ɮ˽иСʦʦ桱ò㱻ˮǺ
µĵĺܺóԵģǿ㳢
޸Ͻһĳһں˵۾˲ɴ˺ü֣漴ͷ˵óԡ
ǰɣܶ¶Ϊ˳ԵġԕDһ˵µĵĲֻ²ܳԵõʱҲһܳԵ
˸СʦĸǲܳԵôóԵĵġ
ʦ˵ԵλʩԵԕDЦ˵ҵȻҪǳԵóԵĵġ
޳ԵչĹĵģڳݲضԕD˵ᡭ桭á
ΪĵĹϵ˲ԕD֮Ĺϵ
һ߳Եģһ졣
һԣغŲ裬ûд֮ĶԻ
ԕDĸֺóԵĺ͸ֺģžĵˡ
֪ԕDҲڶ飬޾͸ϲ
ԕD̾оǴУһ˵ͷǳо
һʱ޾͸ԕDΪѡ
ԕDϸһȥҹСȻԕDȥȥˣֻþܾǡ
ի䭾ʹ뿪¡绹Ҫȥݷѡ
ߵʱ᲻ԕD˵档
ԕDҪع£꾩ǵŵ㣬Ȼȥ档
䭰ǵŵԕDӭԕDĵ
ԕDԼãȥ档


31 
̫ӵ»ع, ԭЩԵĻʹ˲
У˲ϲ̫ӵ, ǳϲ̫ӵ¡
̫ӵ³ྫ¿ɰִ, ЩҲǳá̫ӵÿοǣǴк, ǡ
ʱգ̫ӵ²ڹ, Ǹɻûʲô̫ӵڹʱֻҪ̫ӵµЦݾͲۡ
ԕDصУĵľǲܻʺݺ͸
һԕD˵, ˺ܶóԵ, Ҫúõزһ
һӵĻ, ԕD, ͸ߴߴ˵ͣ
ܻʺǹ¶ʱµ, ʮѧʲô
ԕDʱѧʲô, ʲô˶ܻʺ˵ˡȻǸˡ
ܻʺ˵, Ҫһ, ȥǮһ¡ʱ, ֵҪˡ
ܻʺ󲻷ԶӳѰӡ𿴶ֻ, ĺܡ, ı⡣
ڵ֪Ҫ, ȻǷԵ, ǼԕDҪҪ, ıͬȥʵ, ֪ԕDǼٿ޼֣ǹԹԵشӦˡ
֪ԕDҪҪһǱھܾˡܻʺҲͬòᣬ˵ܻʺƫԕD
عĵڶ죬ԕDͳѰǸˡǰȥһ˸ڴкڻϳ
̫ӵ£ټС˸һʱգЩ⣬ںͺǶǳæգ糯һϾһ硣ʱϵ綼û³
ԭһǱԕDܾˡߣҲȽæʱ鲻ӳȻԕD߸Źڻǲ̫ģïʵŶһ
ųȥױϳԕD䭵Ĵһۿïʵ̡ʱ֪ҵݣͲҪҳˡ
ǣİΣ
Ҫǲģ˰бҡԕDҲ֪ݣܵһ˳ïʵ˱
̫ӵ£С˰иɡïʵԕDֻż
ԕDҲ֪ïʵô˵͵ͷӦˡ
У㰵иҰɡ
л̫ӵ¡
ԕDԽĸˡԽǵǰָʹڵǰ˾Ա
ڲԕDһ˳ԭҪʮ˸ܾˡĸţ;˶ˣе̫ҡˣݰֻһǲܵġ
ԕDպҪ佫ĵλһеǶˡеǼ̫ӵ¶Уǳϲ̫ӵ£̫ӵ׽
ܱѡб̫ӵ£̫ӵһԽ˵һǳҵ顣
Ǹ˵ŵŵĸȥǸ֮ǰԕDȥ꾩õĸЩġ
һֱڿ͵ԕDĵԕDˣǷǳϲ
ԕDֻԽ˿͵꣬ǡ
һ۾ͿԕDߵԽǸȫɢϢͨô򵥡
ȻͲµСʦݲ򵥣û뵽ô򵥣ֻ¸Сʦš
ԕDǼ󣬾ʹǹ꾩
䭼ԕDĸûиһȥڣû᲻ˡ˵ĸţҲõǵİΣ
һ࣬ԕD˺üι꾩ǺĵطǱȽ˽⣬ֵѺĵطȫˡʱԕDȥ¥ԷǳԷ¥óԵĶ
ǻ꾩ã
ٹգǾҪȥˡ
һ߳źóԵģһ˵Ҳȥ꾩̫ˣкܶóԵģȥ
ǾͲҪȥԕDʵԺμӿƾٵİɣ
ԕDֻȴ֪ƾһ£һҲ⡣գ˵ӦǴ˼ҵĺӣݲ򵥡
ţҺ͵ܵԺ󶼻μӿƾٿԡ
ǲ꾩ȥ̫ѧ鰡ԕDôһ̫ܿѧ̫ѧǴѧÿ궼Ըصѧӱ̫ѧֻҪ̫ѧеĿԻܴ
̫ѧ֪̫ѧҡҡͷ˵ڵ̫ѧ֪̫ѧѿŶû̫꣬ѧĿԺС
Լôû𣿡ԕDЦŶ˵Ҿܿϡ
̫ѧѿģҺ͵ܵڻСǷǳ֪֮ġ
ڻУǹأԕDȰ˵Ժμӿƾٿԣҽȥ̫ѧ̫ѧкܶҲкܶвŻѧӣҪǿ̫ѧԺμӿƾٿԻкܴİ
£Ҫ֮ǰû̫ѧԕDô˵ЩĶˡ
Ҫǿ̫ѧԺҾܾȥǡ
ۣԺ󲻿̫ѧ𣿡ʵ
ڻСȳ˵ɡ̫ѧԺԽȥһʱ䡣ǿȥˣԺԡ
ͬǿ̫ѧǻŬϵģʱǾ̫ѧ㡣
ãһΪ
һΪ
ڷ¥ţԕDͰͻؿ͵ꡣҪȥݷѡ
ٷֱʱԕDԼãߵһ죬ǡ
ļգ޶Ҫ䭳ŰݷãԕDٴǡ
ǷֿԕDûмŻعȥ˾Ӳ֡
Ӳ־ǹ¶Ժ
ԕDһֱи뷨Ҫһ֧ԼľӡֱӴеľӪˣԼľӲ̫ʵʡߣЩγӪѵʿķʽ
Ҫһ֧СͽѵʽĽʿҽʿǱĹԴӾӲѡһЩΪʲ
̫ӵ£Ӳʲô
ҿԕDԽſ˫֣㱧ҽȥɡ
ԽɫһϲæְԕDڻ
ȥɡ
ӲֵĻԕDҪһЩǸɾࡣЩĺӴȻǴֲ·Ǻôõ·ҴǵɫƽʱӦǿԱӲֵҪá
ԕD֪ܻʺƽﶼһЩĺͳԵĵӲֹ֡ˣܻʺ󻹻ѹһЩɵĶȥǮ͸Ӳ֡УܻʺļýãҲǺǼеķʱʱؾǮӲ֡ԣӲֵǿԵġ
ĿǰӲмʮӣʮ꣬Сļ¡
ԕDؿһԾӲֵЩͦġ£ûȥܻʺһ
ߵʱԕDԽЩǮӲ֡
ӲֵĹùãԭΪԕDӲѡӵģѡźѾߣû뵽λСֻǿ˿λС˶پӲֵĺӶ⣬Щϧ
̫ӵơԽΪԕDӲ֣Ϊ˾Ǯ
ԽˣԕDҲýʲôôΪ
£ڻع𣿡
ȻعȥǮšһ࣬ԕDһֱһ״򲻶š
ֵţԕDŻعԭڻع֮ǰȥܼҵģ뻹Ȼعܻʺ飬ο²ܻʺ
ԕDصУںͺǻæȻѾ³ˣǻڸ¡
ֻվڸſڣ͸ܵ洫աܲ
æԕDûнȥǣïʵǰæתһˡ
ܻʺӻˣĵѯô
ԕDʾúܿġ
݋ݣ
һ֣µı飬ܻʺЩ죺ʲô飿
݋ݣ齨һ֧Լľӡ
ܻʺԣһ𾪣Ҫ齨һ֧Լľӣ
ԣ݋и뷨˵
ܻʺͷһݣɫҲ˵
ԕDҪԼӵ뷨ǳϸظܻʺ˵˵
ܻʺ˺ʮֳԾû뵽Ӳ꣬Ȼô뷨
DDҪ齨ͯӾ
Ҳô˵һ࣬ԕDվʦѧϰջĶ࣬˺ܶ뷨齨Լһ£粻˳١݋ݣÿ𣿡
Ϊʲô뷨ոնӸ齨Լһ£ǳԾ⡣վʦƽﻹʲôôöȥѧϰ󣬲˲٣Ҳá족˲١齨Լһ£ɲһ꺢뵽ġ
݋ݣԺҪոʮݵģҪһ֧Լһ֧ԼԕDٴʵ݋ݣ𣿡
ǲԣ݋ֻǾȻ뷨ÕDDվʦѧϰǶԵġֻǾӲֵĺǲ
݋ݣʲô⣿ԕDʱֻ뵽ӲֵĺӣϾ޸ĸûκǣңһ˼Ͷھ
ͨ˼ҵĺӡܻʺʵ齨˵ľӣ
ԕD˵һľӣҪ࣬һھͿˡһٸ֮Скˣһٸѵˡ
һٸ˾͹𣿡
ʱһٸˣС
ã݋ݰ㰲šܻʺȻڶ뷨Ƕڶ뷨ʮֵ֧ġʲôҪ𣿡
݋ݣ̫СѵǣȰǸܼѵɡԕDˣһٸڲܼѵǳΪһϸľˡȹһЩִѵ˵ķʽϸѵǡ
ԣһ游ȥܻʺҲЩڲܼѵΪʡ
݋ݣһЩܼҵĺӼɡȻڲܼѵôвܼҵĺӡ
ô˵ܻʺﻮһĨ㵣΢΢ЦЦ˵վʦѧ˲ٶ
݋ݣܼԺҵĺܡԕD仰⡣
ףܻʺûж˵ʲô
ʲôҪ𣿡
ҪǳϸѵǣҲҪӡԕDһֱôξӵʵ̫ⲻҪľӡ
ãһ游˵
ˣ݋ݣ游£һˡ
ܻʺʵ£˭
һеˡԕD˽ڣʦ˵һţӦָʹ
֪ܻʺǰ˵еˣָʹӦòܼܲҵ£УܿΪܼҵˡ游ȥ£졣
ԕDû뵽һ㣬ֻ뵽Ժ³ܲңܱҪסãԲܼҵļɵ϶òܼ£ࡣ
Ǿʱ£ϣܼܱס»ʮ꣬ǻǰδѱȽϺá
סʲô˼ܻʺӵĹǣãΪʲôҪܼұ
ΪĳԕDһֱڲܻʺװСӡڸվʦѧϰн˵һЩ͵Ļ݋ݣҲ֪佫ڳûʲôλĳżвܣҲأԺӦûְʱĳӹٽ𣿡γ䣬佫ڳеûʲôλĳ۸طǳ
ܻʺдһû뵽ӻ˵ⷬ
˭ģվʦ
ʦָ˵Щ˼ʦ֣ұˡ݋ݣѵ𣿡
ܻʺԽվʦÿ춼˵Щʲôô˵˳ϵ顣УվʦһˣȻԳϵô˽⣬ǽ⡣
˵ûеĳǲɵȨ
ϣ౻ĳΪѵʱ游ܱסԺҪģҪĽšڻС¹꣬ڳҲûʲôȨʱ౻ĳΪѣȲ游ԡ
Ȼĳϲ佫Բܼңĳǻǲ̫ϾܼǿԪѫҷǳȨơ
ܼҪס࣬Ǿһܱסĳǻ˵ʲô
݋ݣҪˣԺҪõ佫ĵλԺһܺõӡ
ܻʺԕD˼ɫص˵ͷ˵ãһ游ڵ౻Ϊѵʱ򣬱סࡣԲܼҵסûġ
݋ݣҪ游ھͿʼ׼
׼ʲô
׼ոʮݡԕDСǳ˵ҳҿ϶ҪȥոʮݣϣǸʱ򣬲ܼҵľ͵ġ
ܻʺ󱻶仰˵ͷȣɫüãһ游ҪϸѵʿΪոʮ׼
ˣ游ƽʱнŵˡڻ̫Сܶ鶼ˣֻ游ȥ
ܻʺͷ˵á
Уϣ游һľӣ̽ĵľӵͶ򡣡ԕDǰʱ뵽ҹգԴγҹգҪĴ̽ʮϸġ
ϸܻʺ˲ӵͼ
ԕDͷ݋ݣܼӦϸɡ
ܻʺôʣûдϣС
ǾòܼҵϸģܰĵĶȫ̽ԕD˵݋ݣԲܼҵʵӦҪϸɡ
ܻʺûκԥ˵ܣһ游ȥ˵꣬ʵ㻹ʲôҪ𣿡
ԕD˼˵ʱûˡʵкܶҪЩԼȫܼˣҪ齨һ鱨רռ鱨
ܻʺ˿ӣԥ˵ʵ˵Щʳ˾
݋ݣʳ˾Ǵ̽Լ˵ôԕD֪ʳ˾ģһ̽죬ר̽״ԤıҡѡԶҪԵĶǴԼľӣĵľӡ
վʦʳ˾˵ˣܻʺˡ
˵˰ʦָ˵˺ܶ顣ԕDĬĬظվʦǸʦ˵Ĳࡣ
˵öԣʳ˾ҪԵԼˡһ㣬ܻʺΣͬʱҲñ
ԣʳ˾ס游ȥ̽ɡ
ã齨һ£Ҫټ˵𣿡
ʱ˵պˣٸ˵ԵԲܼҵļɵǾԲòܼѵ
ܻʺҲʱҪ߹ټңպ϶Ҫ֪ģȻټһɡ
݋˵˵վʦƽﻹ˵ʲôܻʺöδ»һӱó첻٣֪˲顣
ʦ˵ǻ̫ӣЩ֪͸˵Щ顣ԕD֪ܻʺ󲻻ȥҿվʦ֤ԲŸÿվʦ˵һЩϵ飬ĳ佫ľʦ֪ԺҪոʮݣ˵˲پеĵ顣
ܻʺľվʦĸDD˵˲鰡ԾǕDD⺢ӾȻȫˡ͹ټҶΪDDСӦЩ飬ԾûиDD˵
ǋ݋ˣ݋Ӧø˵ЩDD⺢ӱлҪϻۡԺ݋ݻ˵Щ顣Ȼܻʺ󲻲볯õ飬Ҳڻݵǰ˵õ飬ǲʲô鶼֪෴Գеָơ
ð݋ңҾͺúѧ˵ʵһֱ݋ݵβܱҪáʷϵĲܻʺҲǳвܣ
ܻʺӵСԴһȰ˵݋ݻúý㡣ԕDDĴϻۣ˵պᳬټҡ
݋ݣٽҰɣҪֵš
ȥɡ
ּһţԕDд˶ֽûжʮţҲʮš
ÿΣ넸ԕDдд÷ǳ޾ϸÿٷʲô˶ԕD˵
һ࣬ԕDѾϰ넵Ć¡
дʲôʲôʲôдʮֽ棬дʱֶʲô顢ʲôʫʡѧ˶֡
ÿοֵţԕDǳľֵѧϰȡ־šΪˣԱȲ֡
ǴеʯĶӡʷϣҲǳвŻ
ڣԕDѧϰһ㶼иΪ֣֡硱
˵ԕDǿ̫ѧһ£Ҹÿ̫ѧ𣿡
뿼̫ѧ𣿡
뿼ֲ뿼Щìܣ֪Լòÿ̫ѧڵ϶ǿ̫ѧġ
˵뿼̫ѧϲ꾩꾩
Ǹÿ̫ѧ𣿡
̫ѧкܶҲкܶвŻѧӣҪȥ̫ѧ飬˵аûֱӸӸòÿ̫ѧȸǷǣ̫ѧкܶȨӵܣҪȥ̫ѧ飬ܵǵӰ죬Ƕľͻò⣬ǻᱻӰ졣
̫ѧȷкܶȨӵܣЩȨӵܻɡͨѧӿ̫ѧ󣬺ѲӰ죬ҲŴ¡䭵ȥ̫ѧҲܵӰ죬˼ܵϡ
ظӷȥ̫ѧĺô׶ˡ󣬻ȥ̫ѧ飬׻֧ǵġӲȥ̫ѧ׻ǻһؽǶ顣
䭵һ˾Ŀɿڴ
̫ѧô𣿡ֵЩ䭵Ļŵˡ
˵ĻҪӡһض˵꾩ǾʦȨȨƶ
⻰׷׶˳Ĭ
ҪҪ̫ѧҪúǲϣӿ̫ѧϣڶʱմȾȨƣʱǶ̬ͻᷢ仯ĿҲò⣬ⲻҪġ
ͷһúġ
ƲƲ˵ϲ꾩ϲۡ˵꣬뵽֮ǰԸ˵Ļ˵ˣȥ̫ѧ飬Ҳῼ̫ѧ
۵򵥣ԺӦûῼ̫ѧ
۵ʲôݰ޷ǳ渣۵ݡ
Ӧšǣļң䭾Ͳ֪ˣϾ꾩кܶҡڵȥ̫ѧҲϣȻȥٺúҪҪ̫ѧҪ̫ѧȥҪض顣
֪ˡ̫ܿѧڶϣǵȻȥٺúɡ
գǾҪȥˣǻʲôطȥ𣿡
УȥŰɣҪźóԵĶˡø˵һ㶼ûҹеĶóԣÿһԡ
ãȥš
ʱʹԕDȥڣںͺ£תȥ˽ķҲǹнѵء
ѵĽǼ̫ӵǣһǳ
̫ӵ¡
ɡԕDԽЦЦǲҪңѵɡ
ǣ̫ӵ¡̫ӵˣǶúչԼһǳѵ
ԕDǵѵ̫ˣŵǹȥϰȻûˡ
Ϊսܽȱнƽϰûϰġ
ûУǡ
취Ū
һƥõսˣҪŪȵǮȻǻ̫ӣûʲôǮҪ齨ԼľӣǮ
ںǮԕDʱ֪齨Լһ£ԲҪǮ
һСҲҪǮҪǮʡӣֻҲԼ׬Ǯɡ
Լ׬Ǯſסôô
һֱԕDû׬Ǯһ¡ڣȻոʮ֮ǰ׬Ǯ
ԽǼ̫ӵվһԣСǳؿǣΪԼĲãǸѵ
ʵԕDô׬Ǯﵹкܶ׬ǮķӣûбǮ׬Ǯ»ø݋У̫Сˣȥ׬ǮҲ׬ˡ׬Ǯ飬ÿ݋ݰæ
ԽһԕDϢһ
ԕDԽˣĽʺ޵ؿԽҲ̫ӵ׽
̫ӵ£гʲô𣿡
ʲô𣿡ԕDԽ㡣
ûʲôԽ˵ģһֱڶǡ
ûбǷְɣʷϣΪ׵ĸʿıҡԕDʷķԽǡ
ûУģûбǷ֡
Խ˵ôƶԕDˡ
ǡ
ǣ̫ӵ¡Խ˵꣬뵽һ飬ϽԕD̫ӵ£ҢٽߵĺܽҢ˵ĲձΪСֹˣĹԱߵúܽ
ԕD⻰һҲ⡣
̫ӵ£һšԽɫЩɣ֪ò˵
ʲôţ
ҢĴ˵˻ǻӣ˵»ӾͻᱻΪŹ˵˵Խ˵ȥˡ
˵»ӣ̫Ӿͻʧ衣ԕDԽû˵Ļ˵ȥ˵µĻӽȡ̫ӣ𣿡
Խͷԡû뵽̫ӵ¶֪ʱ̫ӵĲô̫ӵ£һ顣
ʲô飿
в˰ͽҢͨҢˣ˰ڹټǰԼ䡣
ʲô𣿡
̫ӵӢ
ʷϣ˹ᳯǮư١ʵеҲʼᳯˡ
ܲ鵽Щ𣿡ԕDʱݾߣҲڡУڶʮֳ谮˹ᳯ٣ֻҲš˵ǲſʼ֤ݲ㡣
̫ӵ·ģһ鵽Щˡ̫ӵ¿Ż飬һҪúð졣
ǵãҪݾߡԕD鵽ˣȺúü
ǣ̫ӵ¡
ԕDȻ뵽ʲôЦЦ˵ȻҢĴ˵˻ǻӣͰһѻ𡣡
Խ֣Խ񣬷ǳɵذѶݸԕD
ԕDԽߣСض˵˼仰
Խ˺һ˫۵ɵԽԽ
̫ӵ·ģһô¡ԕDղǷԽǳľ̫ӵֻ꣬ʮ
ˣڽԵôԕDԽǸ֮š
Ե
ǾͺúñĺԵԺá
ȻԕD仰˵ûͷûβԽ˲˼
ǣ̫ӵ¡ԽɫȻ÷ǳ
úѵҾͲˡ
̫ӵ¡
ӽķ뿪ԕDȥһ˸ںŷǻ¡
ǻ˵
ïʵͷ̫ӵҹټҰɡ
ðɡֻ·ƳҪֹˡʱŷޡǶҪ꾩
Ǳ꾩Ҫü궼ܻмءԕDϣǳ£ֹ顣ľǲҪʷùߡ
صܻʺڸ·
ݼԕDЩˣĵʵ̫ӵôˣǲǷʲô飿
ûʲô飬ǵæԕDС˵ȥ˵üˣæ
ټʱرæݲ֪Ϸ顣ȹټæˣһġ
ԕDͷԲܻʺ˵݋ݣǶɡ
áԕDµʱ򣬿վʦ̹徭ǽ̵ֻƤëû̡ܻʺԕD徭ͽ̵طǳ
ݼܻʺҪԕD飬ͻصԼĹ
ܻʺԕDʱϢһ
݋ݣм
ʲô飿
׬Ǯ׬Ǯ
ܻʺ¶죺׬ǮΪʲôҪ׬Ǯ
ԕDҪ׬ǮĿĸܻʺ˵˵݋ݣ׬Ǯɡ
ܻʺû뵽ⷽ鶼뵽ˣô׬Ǯ
Ҳ֪ԕDҡҡͷ˵ԲË݋׬Ǯ
ܻʺ¶ӵСţ̴ò
݋ݣҳ˻㡣
ã݋ݰ׬Ǯսܻʺһ˵㻹ʲô
游Ƕҵһ㣬ҵԵñů
ܻʺЦ˵ãҸ游˵
ˣ游Ӧ𣿡
ȻӦˣ游ܾ뷨ܻʺһ常˵DD뷨ʱ常һı飬Ц游˵ֻҪҪ飬á常̾DDĴϻۺͼı˵DDԺһոʮݡǣͬʱĕDD̫Ҫ֪ۼˡ
лл游ˡ
ԕDĵ黹ǷˣҪˡķͺͺǣʱһֱȨǵ


32 
⼸, ڵܳأֻӵʱϲŻ¶һЦݡ
һ, ھǰˡ
뿪΢΢üͷʵ⼸շʲô飬Ҽټһֱšüͷһصģ
ܻʺ˵ӦǳϷʲô顣
Ϸʲô鰡𣿡ǣŹټ⼸˲١
ϵ, ܹĵġȻܻʺ֪Ϸʲô飬ø˵, Ͼ󹬲ܸ, ҲҪǲĹټңһЩԵĳʳ͹ȥ
ݵͷãҴͻȥ˵, ˫ü, һ, ټҵӱͲ̫ãÿγϷʲô飬ټҾûθţԭݵӱø, ȥټҵܲס
ټͳʳʱ򣬺úȰȰټҡȻԹ̫谮, ʵǷǳںڵġĻ, ټһһЩܻʺĻ, һȤȥȰ˵ڡʱȰ˵ˣùټġ
ܻʺ仰Щ۲ܻʺ󣬵֪ܻʺ󲢲⣬ûǰ˵һЩοܻʺĻ
Ȼȥˡ
ȥɡ
СóԵģأԕDݣָָԼʡ
ݱԕDڴСģЦˣСԴһ谮˵̫ӵµġСú󣬾͸òã
ԕDص˵ͷãҵСĺóԵġ
úúá˵Ҹ飬ĪĳʳܱϲԕDôϲĳʳǳˡ
Сߡ
뿪ԕDĵ̾˿
ܻʺӵ̾ĵʵôˣ
ҵĺǡԕD˫СϣСǳǲҪϳ꾩˰
ܻʺ΢΢ףӦǵġ
ǻãǻᣬ㱻ϳ꾩Ժ󻹻лʷϣŷΪʧܱϳ꾩ʱʮŻص꾩ŷʱŻȴأӴҲûлص꾩
͵Ĺ·һֱܿƳ֮ǰ;꾩ƳͷˣΪϸֱʲô˵ֱӴŭȨ󣬵꾩Ҳû
ͲСˣֲǺܺã浣α꾩Ҳزˡ
£ֹˡܻʺ֪ӸǹϵܺãҲϲǡҪǱ꾩Ȼ᲻á
ԕDС֣¹ֵ
Ϊʲôֹټңܻʺʵ
ΪûаֵסϱݹڣԕD֮ǰ˺ܶйڵʷϣڲ˵˽⣬˽⡣֪һյȨǵţȴûмֵ׵֧
ܻʺЦҪֵװȥɲס
ǲף֮ǰӦ֪ܲףܵţǻˡԕDڵԸ̫ˣ̫ηηˣȻȡһЧǾӦüֵ׵ȥΪȨǵİٰžηΪסȨǵʩѹͷһ⼸Чȫ׷ˡԹеʱ򶼻ָܵ谭ȨǵšλֵܼףǿӲôԶܳɹ
ܻʺô˵Щ⣬ʵ㣬ô
ԕDûκγɵ˵ֵ׵ȥ
ǣȨǲͬ⣬ִô죿
ԕD˫ֱأһҪǲͬ⣬ǾʹͬΪֹ
ܻʺüͷʵôǣ
ܼ򵥣ɱӺǾͻԹȨǣӦǿӲȻЩȨǾͻôߣͷϡԸȨ󣬱ҪǿӲֶΣȻǲµġ
ڶܻⷬʺǾϲ
DDȨûôöԸܻʺظ˵ҪԸȨǣһһ档
ԕDײܻʺ˼ʵôһӣôһ棿
һȨģҪϰգȨȻǲӦģʱǿӲذҪϰգȻٱ𴦸Ȩһô˵ȨһЩְֻ߸һɽ
݋ݣһɽͿ𣿡
԰ɽȨԼܻʺһ˵ȻɽҪȨΪͼ
ԕD˺̵ܽص˵㣬ԲܻʺЦЦ˵ǋ݋ҪסȨһһõİ취ȻȨһҪǿӲȻѹסǡ
ڣʹһȨݺݵشȨúõؿšһȨʱٸһССĶݣǾͻԹԵ
?С
ܻʺͷĮ˵ټҲݡҺÕDDӲټңȻȕDDԺ̳дͳصټҵĸޡ
̫ϧˡ˵ǱأǵĲܣһܰعغܺãϰ˵Ǽ顣݋ݣȥԺǡ
ȵȣ㲻ǵķ͵ӲôһЩҩ
ð̫ҽȻͲҩֹǱȥأֻЩСطﷶǡϣҪʷأϣλʱ򣬷Ƕڣ
֢ҩȽϺáܻʺ˵һЩճȥص;Ҳܵ㡣
áԕDֺõضԲܻʺЦЦ݋ݣ׼ɡ
ܻʺع¶ӵСӣЦ˵С̴ò
ԕDŲܻʺֱۣҡҡ݋ݣˡ
Ȼ݋ݺ׼ǋ݋ݲܰ׼
Ϊʲô
ᡣܻʺҪ͸ǶһỳỳɵġԣֻԼ׼
ԕDҲǣ݋ݾ͸һ
ǋ݋ЩʲôɣԪɺԪȥ׼
ܻʺֵ˵ӵСţЦ˵ֻԼ룬Ҫǰ룬ǻᡣ
ԕDȻ̾һǡ˵û˵ȥаɣԼ׼׼Ķ̫ܵȫһΪǋ݋ݰ׼ģʱ϶݋ݣֻԼ׼Сӣ׼Ķ̫ȫ뻹ܺͲΪǋ݋ݰ׼ġ
񡣡
̫ӵ£кηԸ
ȥһЩģҪǳԡԕD׼Щȥοǡ
ǣ̫ӵ¡ԕDȡ̵ģװһʳԪš
ԕDԪǰԺȥԺ;У˳ȥ԰˼֦𻨺ɽ軨
ߵԺſڣ͸ܵԺɢѹϢ
ԕDû߽ԺվſڣСԴ̽˽ȥ
ԺǶڡ
ʵԕDȥҺǵĵطԺһ䣬ҲǺǼ˵İ칫ҡ
ŷǶ£ûע⵽վſڵԕD
ԕDתת漴뵽һ⡣ͻȻ˽ȥȻһ
Ȼ£ǲ£顣ȻһУһ̫ӵ£ǸϽվ񣺡̫ӵ¡
ɡԕD˫ֲشЦҸոհŵ˰ɡ
ԭɫصĺǼԕDϲ¶һĨЦݣ̫ӵ£ŵˡ
Ҿ֪ŵǡԕDЦ÷ǳ⡣
̫ӵ£ôʱˣƽʱʱ̫ӵ¶ʺ顣
˰ԕDͷһԪǣԪ⣬ʳУȡ̵ġǳԵġ
л̫ӵ¡
ԕDԪصнӹȻһ֦һ֦͸ǡ
ãͻǣϣһÿ
յ̫ӵ͵Ļ鲻ɵֺ˼֡
л̫ӵ¡
ԵġԕDŽţģһ͸ŷУǽܵĺܺóԵģһҪԡ
ǵͷеĵģͷһůʱգΪһ£ǳãյǵĄԽԽࡣǣڼ̫ӵ£ǵʱ˼֡
ԕDŵĲԣʹߴǵĺܺóԵģǿ԰
̫ӵµĴߴ£ŷǳĵĵζɢͷϿɬ
֪Ϊʲô̫ӵ͵ĵģһҪ޵ĳ嶯
ʱգǱȨǺǲϵصǲίΪϵôһ졣ίѹƳòеɫҪֹ
ֹζһа׷ˡǲԼѪǲľôǣٲҲûá
ԕDĬĬسԵģһ仰Ҳ˵΢΢̾Ϣһĺ
ôˣôˣԕDСԴֹĵǣǵ𣿡
̫ӵŨŨعУĵ׷һ˿˿ɬ
̫ӵ£û¡
û𣿡ԕD֣ʾ
ԹԵԕDǰ̫ӵ¡
Ļû˵꣬ͱԕDһ˫Сġ
㶼Ҫˣ˵Լû¡
ԕD˵ţºƭǲԵġ˵ֹ꣬ĵʵûб𣿡
ۿ΢΢ȣ¶һĨ̫ȻЦݡ
̫ӵ£ټҲûǡ
ΪʲôģԕD˿ǣûǣΪʲôôѹ
û뵽̫ӵ¿˳һʱǲ֪ô̫ӵ˵
ŷ˵̫ӵ£顣ʵǲûڴȴǡ⻰˵÷ǳΣִŲʡ
ʲô飿ԕD˵飬ǸĹͺá
Ĺ
ʲôĲˡ
ʲôı䲻ˡ
ǵֱó
ŷֱԕD̾˿ǰʱ䣬ǻ緢һøһ
ޣǵôˣ
ŷǿ˿ԕDĲ֪ô˵ȽϺá
̫ӵ£û¡
̫ӵ£Ҫ뿪ˡȻ˵
ðô˵׷תͷĿǴǾðø̫ӵ˵顣
Ҫ뿪ԕDԲһ˫ۣСǾҪȥﰡ
̫ӵ£ǹþҪ뿪꾩ȥְûҪ̫ӵ£ϾǹþҪ뿪ʱ̫ӵҲ֪
ȥְǶҪȥʲôʱ
̫ӵ⣬Ĭ£˵̫ӵ£ǶҪȥأʱ֪ʲôʱ˵Զ꾩
ΪʲôǶҪȥְԕDʵǵȥ𣿡
ǵġ
᲻ǣҲҪȥءԕD᲻ðǡԣĲȥְȥ˵Ҫȥء
̫ӵ£ԸȥְԕDǰɫ˵Ҫȥ£ҲΪ͢Ч
ǣˣҾͼ˰ԕDСĲᣬץסӣҪ𣿡
̫ӵ᲻ߣЩܣΪҲ᲻̫ӵ¡
̫ӵ£ǻġ
ʲôʱ
º͵˵̫ӵ³ˣǾͻˡ
ǻҪþðԕDͰ͵Űǣ᲻ߡ
ǱԕD˵ͷ̫ӵ£ǻġ
ȥҵǲߣòã
̫ӵ£ԸȥְŷĿȰؿԕD㳤ˣһôɰִ̫ӵ£Ҳ᲻á
˾ͲܽҶˡƽںͲܻʺԕD飬ŷҲżԕDҲܽдˡ
ŷ֮ǰԕDԕDƽʱֹ֡ˣҲʺϸնʶֵ鼮ʫʼԕD
ԕDһ¼ռ˺ܶ˼ԢĹ£Щ°Тǡ
ںͲܻʺ󿴵רŸԕDĹ¼;úرġ
ǳ˽ԕDд֣ࡣ
ԭԕDҪ꾩̫ӵµԺ󣬹Ҳûл̫ӵµ
̫ӵ£ԺԸдšЦ˵һĸóԵģġ
ԕD죺ҲҪóԵĺͺģܲܲߡ
⻰ݺݵشںǵͷϣúָжѹ
̫ӵ£Ժ󻹻ġæתƻ˵̫ӵ£ǼԵİɡ
̫ӵ£ĵĺܺóԡ
̫ӵ£ǿԶһ𣿡
ŷǲٿ̫ӵ²ѹı飬Ҳ̫ӵ˵᲻ǵĻȻǻ᲻̫ӵ¡
ԣҲһֱ꾩ۿ̫ӵһ㳤󣬿̫ӵһɲšϧǼ뿪꾩ʱ̫ӵ³󡣻Ǵػص꾩̫ӵѾˡ
ǲۿ̫ӵµĳҲۿ̫ӵ´ССһűһ˵ߵĺӡУѾϰ̫ӵµĴڡǸټһһʱռ̫ӵ¾ͻ
Ǽȥְü꣬ʮ궼̫ӵ£˵һп顣
ԕDתƻ⣬ȥְһ£˳ǵĻת˻⡣
Ƕһ㰡ˣҽԪɻȥá
ŷһ߳Եģһ߹ĵԕDոܻʺѧʲô
ԕDڰһһ˫СȣһҡСԴظ˵ղѧˡȽƪݡ
ŷǾ͸ԕDؽȽƪĺ壬Ȼָ˵Ĺ¡
ԕD÷ǳ档ò˵ǲǲӣ⡶ݾǲһǽطǳ׶ȴֱ⡣ΪԕDСǽȲǺȷΪʮȼĻôܻʺͺƽʱԕDֻ֡Ȼֻ֣Ҳǳ⡣
ÿܻʺŷǸ⡶ߡӡԕDϱӵĿΰˡϱӣʦġߡӡķǳǳ˵ʵΪˣⲻˡ͡ӡе⡣
ǼԕD˵ӡѧӹĹ¡
ֱʱԪɺԪԕDûţǲͣûټ˵ȥ
ԕDǻӻ֣šǰҪúõسԷ
ûлظţȥݵĹšΪһʳȻܾԣԕDֱӻš
ԕD뿪ˣϵЦ˲ûˡ
ص̾̾ξȻе㲻ȥء֮ǰȥأѾϰȥְԱȥְʲôҲûκβᡣǣαȥأȻЩȥˣҲЩ᲻뿪꾩
΢΢ͷ޳ɣԭȥְûʲô뵽ü꣬ʮ̫ӵ£ҾЩ᲻뿪꾩ˡȻȥְһʵ飬ְҲܶ顣ԣȥְҲûʲôãֻЩ᲻̫ӵ¡
ԭ̫ӵµڿǲˡһϧ˵漴뵽ĺϾҪص꾩ЩĽʺ޵˵Ǳͬ塣ͬټҵԹټҵӣӦû̵̫ͬӵ¡
ǻص꾩̫ӵӦóˡһ뵽ü꣬ʮ̫ӵ£ŷʧ䡣ʱ̫ӵ»᲻ǣ̫ӵ»Сʮǣʱ˵ĻǣϾСӳ󣬻Сʱǡ
ŷ仰˴Ǽ˵Ϸ׷¶𾪵ɫ
ɣ
̫ӵ³ǣ
ںݡš
ʱգΪȨǼһ£˯ãҲԲã˲١ţθҲûбãθڻһЩ
ݵղСֺóԸڳԣڵĿζʮ˽⡣ÿڵθڲʱθڱõĳʳУҪһ㣬˵Ķ÷ǳɡ˵ܸܵҵĸо
ںһֳһ뷹ﳤһ
ڿ⸱ĵı飬Ц޽˲٣֪𣿡
⣬ǳ⡣Цݵ˵ټң֪ææҲҪţ㿴ˡ
࣬ʵûʲôθڡ̾һҲֻеθڡ
ټң㲻úţһᵣĵġټҴС»߲ľͲϲԶһֱڻ
仰ڷǳжסݵ֣ؿ˵Ҳֻںòš
ټңֻңʺҲ㣬ÿûθڣʺͻһЩԵĳʳԡȻʺﲻټҶĿɹټһֱʺ
ᵽʺ΢΢Ĭ£̾̾˵֪
ô˵Ҳ֪֪ʲô
ټ֪ͺá
ֳ̾һ
ݣݹеʵټңôˣ
ڰڰ˵޾ķ
ݲǳϵ飬ûٶʡ
ټңҪǲæݡ
ãɡʱ볯ϵķ£һɡ
ټңɵңȻҲĶ֡
塣ЦDDŪȤ
ð˵һӮټҡ
ҵӮҰ
ڴߵ塣
ڹˮӮˡ
ټңҾ˵Ӯ㡣
µò
̫ӵŪǺ档Ц̫ӵǴȻô塣ݲ̫Χ壬ƽʱ̫ϲ塣ǣҪĻϲ͸档
ᵽӣڵ˲ͣǱҲ
ԽԽ飬ʱƭޡ
ټң̫ӵƭʲô
ƭ޵鲻٣ÿҪʲôֻҪӦ͸޿֡˵֪ǼٿޣϵǴӦ
Ϊټ̫ӵ¡Ц̫ӵ´ɰֹ˵ʲôҶοټ㡣
⺢Ӿ㣬԰ԵĺܣҪʲôҪʲôô˵ݣֻҪ˳⣬Ͳˣ岻ã˳Ҳ֪˭
̫ӵټҲ񡣡ټСʱҪʲôȸ˵Ӳͬ⣬ټҾͲҪˡ̫ӵ²һҪĶһŪ֡
ʺ󡣡ڵܻʺһԵǿƵˡ
ټңݻʺ˵ʺСʱҲ
ЦЦû˵⡣
һ壬ȥˡ
Щ˯òãҲ˯òãǽ˯úܺá
һֻˬӵƣһɨա
DDˣȥ
ټңҸһȥ
ԕDոʱϣʹһԵġ
״СԕDһ𳤴һֱԵĶʳԕDʲôͳʲô
ԕDճģںݾ͹ˡ
ڼˣһûиɻ
DDˣôǵ
ԕDһ漴Ťͷڡ
ڿܻʺ󣺡ôˣ
ܻʺЦ˵ټң
޵¶󣬡ʲôǕDDأ
ԕDŤͷŭڡ
֪
ֱӣöĻ
ʲôϸ룬ûʲôǕDDɡ
ԕDذڵĺӣ۵ڵһ
СС˵ʲô飿
ҪѰǸߡԕDڵ죬ҪѰǸϳ꾩
ڱ죬ҧ¶ӵС֡
ԕDϽԼָ˳ˮǰ·ϲ˲
ڱĶЦˣԕDԴ
ô֪ģ
ȥԺҺ棬ҿһصӣôˣ˵ҪȥˡԕDڵʵǲߵģ
⣬ڻûش
Լȥְġ
ԼģԕD룬ֻʷϣǱȥزͦΪǱ⣬ûκãȥְ
ԣȽϸӣ㻹СӻСҲø˵ϵ顣
ǰʲôʱԕDװͰ͵ʵ㲻᲻ǻ˰ɣ
㲻ߣ
ҵȻ߰ԕD˵ˣԺ˭棬Ժ˭˵¡
㵹ͦϲǵġ
ԕDڵǳ˵㲻Ҫ⣬ǻܻʲôʱ
ǵıְֵ֡úãǾܻ
ǰʲôʱܻ
õĳɼǾܻ
갡ˡԕD̾ϢһʱóԕDǵŷǼ꾩ص꾩ĺŷޣͻˡ
ܿġ΢΢̾ҲǣǲòߡȨǺ󳼲ݷ꾩ֻܰǱ꾩ʱ뿪꾩ҲãȻȨǲŹǡ
ʲôʱߣ
գǾҪˡ
һЩ𣿡
üͷʵʲô
ԕDָ˵Եİȵİİ·ϾгԵģкȵġ˵꣬ڣٴʵҿ𣿡
û뵽ӻⷬģкοС˵ԣʲôԡ
ԕDȻ뵽ͣ˵Ӳãܲ÷ĵķͻʷء
ڳĬ£ԕDڴĿ˵á
Ҫ̫ҽȥӺòáԕDڵĻҪӲãҾ͸һЩҩ·ϳԡ˵꣬һ̵ˡ
һˣ£˵ǹķͰ
DDһֱ๫棬ڵ֪ҪߣDD᲻ǣҲǻ·;г¡
ݸ̫̾ӵϸġ
ЦҲѷϲȻЩζôķǣʵǷǳο˵ġССͣͻĴ󳼣Ǻ¡
Ժæ顣ȻԕD̫ҽǺɻ
ԕDԷ֡
̫ӵ£ʲôԸ
̫ҽѰԕDСǳ㲻ܾҪԹԱ̫ҽ
¶ãȻ̫ӵ£û
ӲãҪ뿪꾩̫ҽѰԕDԹԵ̫ҽ
ԣһƬɬǼⷢᣬ¡Ҫ˵ʲôһ仰Ҳ˵
ԕDתͷ̫ҽҪúõظ
ۿȣǰȻЩʡ


33 
̫ҽͰѺ, ԕDʵ̫ҽôûʲô⣿
̫ӵµĻ, ๫Ҫúõ̫ҽɫЩ, , ๫ƽʱҲҪעӡ
̫ҽ, ҵӦûʲôɡ;Լͦ, ܳܺܡ
๫, ⻹ܴ󡣡̫ҽ˵, ๫Ҹ㿪ҩ, һҩβһҩǵ
̫ҽ, õҩԕD̫ҽ˵꣬תͷ, Сǳ, Ҫúóҩ, Ѳκã֪𣿡
ҾԼͦõġ
͵Ļû˵꣬ͱ̫ҽϣ̫ҽݺݵذѵһ١
๫, ļ¡θͷ
̫ҽƽʱвȴԼû, ɴϵˡ˵˷һ, ˵÷һ仰˵
˼ͱ̫ҽѵظƵ, һܲЦ˳
̫ҽ, ҩԕDȻص̫ҽԺ׼һЩҩʱ÷ߡ
ǣ̫ӵ¡̫ҽֿͣ๫һҪúúҩҪԼӿЦ
λ̫ҽ˵ʲôֻܹԹԵӦǡ
̫ҽͿҩøԕDԕDֿһ۾̫ҽݸ͡
̫ҽٸǰԕDǣ˵ǶҪһӲˡ
ŷû뵽ҲҪ̫ӵ£ǡ
ԕDŷǣûв˵㣬̫ҽ˵㡣˵꣬óŪ񿴺ǣû뵽Ǵ˻¿˵ֹ꣬˹ԼԺ˵߲ߡ
̫ӵЦĺǣ
̫ӵ˵öԣ๫ǻ伲ҽǲԵġ̫ҽ˵Ϊûв
ǹԹԵģ̫ҽԕD˫ֱأСǳϾҪǲԹԵ̫ҽõƨɡ
ŷһ⻰æ˵鷳̫ҽˡ
̫ҽصͷŶԡ
һֱΪԼӺܿǱ̫ҽһͰѳٲ
̫ҽ߶߶ذѺǶ˵һ٣ȻҲǿҩһβҩһӵҩ
ԕD̫ҽҲǶ׼һЩҩʱ͵ǵĸϡ
λ๫̫ӵôǣǿɲҪ̫ӵµһƬ⡣̫ҽԕDôķǣĽһҪãҪҩ
ԕDͷǾǣúúҩãҪСӵǡ
ŷǱǼⷢᣬ˫۷졣ǼװһƽģǷǳʣǡһúúҩ̫ӵµĺ⡣
ԕDô˵ЦˣŹԡ
̫ӵ¿ԵĺǣЩЦá
°ɣҺ̫ҽˡǹվҪ뿪꾩ǰ϶кܶ๤ҪҲкܶ๤ҪԕDͲ¡
̫ӵߡ
ԕDͻȻǳ֣ص˵һҪ꾩һ뾡취ص꾩ʱȫȫظ̫ӵ¡
װ˼һµصͷԣһҪ꾩˵ʵα꾩ǶⱲӲٻ꾩Ĵ㣬ǺȻ¶ģôǶҪ꾩
ϣ֣Ӳ̫ãҪúӡ̧·͵ļ򣬡Ҫʱǻ꾩ˣȴء
ֻ̧ӵ֣ŭ˵ϣ֣ˣҶ̫ӵôعܹ̫ӵµĺ⡣һӣȡ̫ӵ³֮ǰص꾩̫ӵ¡ȥؿɲҪ°Ȼʱֻһ˻
ģһ꾩һ˶̫ӵ¡
ԭΪϣ꾩Ļ䣬ڸղű̫ӵµĹˡ
Ȼ˵ȥҲΪ͢£ʵǷǳġڸղţ˲˾񣬾һȥؾͺú£ȡص꾩
ЩĽͬˡһ뵽Լĺѽһֱ̫ӵµߣ̵̫ӵ¶飬ͷǳᡣ
ҲĽʡ
Ѿڻ꾩·ϣʱվͻִ꾩
ͬλӦҪࡣ˵ҲãҲܷЩǶˣʣЩ̲ˡͬҪˣʱлһЩ뿪꾩ҲİЩ
ڣҲߵ÷ġȻ⻹ûбʽְΪ࣬Ѿǰ˵ˡڳƺΪࡱҲΪǹټҵ̵̫ӵʲ
ոһ£ϣص꾩̵̫ܽӵ¶顣ڱʾ͸˵¡̫꣬Ϳʼ̵̫Ӷ顣
һҪ꾩
ǷǵԼ
ԕD뿪Ժ󣬾ֱӸ̫ҽȥ̫ҽԺ̫ҽ׼ЩβҩĺͲӵĲƷֹˣ̫ҽ׼Щ˵ҩġ
̫ҽʾһ׼úõģԕDҪġ
ȥ̫ҽԺԕD˸ȥ¾֣¾ֵ˸ǱһЩѺͲϡ
֮ȥǶһЩĺ͸÷Ǵ·ϳԡ
ˣϲȾƣһЩ·Ϻȡ
ԕD׼һЩþƣʱ͸͡
е鶼ˣԕDŻص
ܻʺӻһˮ
ˣ
ԕDˮͷ˵ˣվԪɺԪظȥ
ʲôˣݺʵ
׼һЩ·ϷЩԕD뵽͵ӣ̾һӲ̫ãһĲȻǲ̫صĲҪúõѾ̫ҽ׼ҩġ
ǾͺáܻʺʵĶҲ׼ˣ
ȫ׼ˣһ͸ǡ
ӻЩʧ䣬ܻʺְѶӱС˵Ѿ顣
ϣԺܺúõػӲãԺʱʱ̶̿ţȻĻʷء
úûġ
Ȼ֪ʲô飬ǴԼµô¡
̫ӵ£ôķ๫ǣһúûġ
ţһܺúû
ܻʺӵСԴʵ𣿡

ܻʺԕD顣
һԣһ߰·һ߿ܻʺԕDǶ顣
գԪɺԪطԕD׼õĶһһͺͺ˹ȥ
ԕDѡڰ˹ȥΪľЩȨʹǿ֪ǲûбټ̫ӵ¹ġ
ŷû뵽̫ӵΪ׼ôණԴȫ׼ˡ
ǵļ˼̫ӵôණǸжǰġ
ŷ¶ʱȻǳƽǵǻصԼ鷿Ҳ̲סʪ|˫ۡ
ڵ֪ԕD͸ŷǵĶԼ׼ģûж롣˵ԕD͸ǵĶЩ˵͸ǺܶԵģ˵ģ⸬۽
ԪɺԪطԕDȥͶû뵽ʱһĶЩǷ͸ԕD飬бīֽ⣬ֻһЩĶ
͸ԕD鼮ǵıղءõ顣Щ鼮ǻ˱עΪľԕDܿö
ŷǼԼͬһ뿪һ죬ԕDȥǡ
û뵽̫ӵ»ǣǷǳ⣬ͬʱҲǳж
ԭǲ̫ӵǰʧ񣬵ʵûס̫ӵµǰʧ̬ˡ
̫ӵ¡ôõ̫ӵ£Ǻεºܡ
꾩ǻҪԕDǶ˫ۣˮ˸͹ⶺ˵ҳˣ˵ͲǵǣһҪҳǰ
һᾡص꾩Բ̫ӵǡ
ȥؼǵúҩǷ㡣
صķ˵̫ӵ·ģһӡҪӻص꾩պúø̫ӵ¡
ǵأ˸дŰ
̫ӵ·ģһдš
ԕDŷſ˫֣˵
ŷְԕDڻ̫ӵССһţСıرڻ
·Сģҵǻ
ǶһµعڵϣԕDһǳ֣صǡ
л̫ӵ£̫ӵǧǧǧǧꡣ
ԕDʹ¡˫СԴ˫Զգĵ̾һ
ѧСˣҲһ
޽֦ĲܻʺӺʹ׵̾Цʵôˣ
ͻȻú塣ˣȻúġ
뺫๫أ
ԕDŴŴ˵е㣬֪ߵˡ
๫ˣͲȥԺأܻʺ޼һ軨еļݸ񡣡Ժﻹ󳼣ȥ档
岩𣿡ԕD΢΢С˵̫ˣҶ̫ˣ񺫺ǻ档岩ͱȺ꣬ǸоȺʮ꣬Ϊ̫¡
㲻ϲķ𣬽ôȥأܻʺ˹ڶ
һֱȥѵҲûʲô˼ԕDְѴױ°͵ڴ׵ԴϡСԴ˲С˵°͡݋ݣҢܶߵúܽ
ᵽ飬ܻʺĿЩ䡣
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ҢӽҪʲôƿʹ𣿡ԕD׹⻬˳ëвͨȥͽˣ˲ٶ
ܻʺ˵£֪Ȼܻʺϲ˵飬ǲû˶ˡ˻кʲô飬֪ǰհټ˹ְ
ԕD֪飬һ죺Ӧˣ
˰ùְӦˡܻʺЩ䣬ͻȻټߵĹְ
ڲߵĹְԺԸҡ
󡣡ܻʺһֱûжˣΪ˻ûĵߵ顣λУСԽԽࡣƵѺͻһЩ͕DD顣ȵǸʱԹʰڣĴQɡ
ҢĴ˵˻ĻӣвٴҪ֧µĻӡԕD˵˵»ӣ̫ӾҪʧˡ
ܻʺ󱻶⸱װӶˣֵ˵ӵСţˣ
ԕDֱסܻʺֱۣЋ݋ڣҲŲ¡
ܻʺѶӱ̧ĺ󱳣˵Ћ݋ڣ˭˺㡣ʹǹټңҲ˺DD
ԕD˽ܻʺز˲䣺݋ˡ
ʱں˵¡
գػص꾩գһϳ
ĵһͱְΪࡣȻ˷ԣǱˡ
ջȻкܶҪ档˳ڻ㱨
Щһְֱķǳá㷶ûб꾩ҲҪġ
ڸ˵֮ǰïʵȥһԕDûȥ
̫ӵ£ټҪ£ʱûʱС˵һ
ˣ
ոջ
ԕDͷ˵֪ˡ
С˸ˡ
ïʵ뿪󣬲ܻʺԕD˵ǹټҵ⣬ټһ̵顣
ԕDҲµˣ֮ǰǰ⡣
݋ݣһͽҶɣ
ջְֱΪ࣬æʱӦò̵顣ܻʺһµСģ̲סЦ꣬ûеʽ͡ȵ꣬Ҫˡ
ܻʺô˵ԕDﳤһ껹š
㲻ϲ𣿡ܻʺ󲻽ʵϲ飿
݋ݣһġԕDһ˵݋ݣ͵Ҷ飬ʽؽҶ飬ѧѧѧͲѧǣҪǽҶ飬ҾͲƾԼԸˣʱ͸һ飬챳顣
⵹ǣʽ飬Ͳɵض顣ܻʺԵвŻҲвܣպҪúѧ
ԕD˳ص˵ͷҶ飬һúõظѧ
Ǽ棬ǽ飿
ɡ
ķϢ
Խڣһ죬һ߰עǵĶ
̫ӵһֱǣʱ䣬ǲûʲôһȺ˵ĶС
ʱգһֱ££˲ˡ
ڣﲻ˶˻»ӣһΪĻһ̫ӵܳ衣
в˳ͨûְϣǣһټӾĻǵǰǾ֧˼ĻӣȻ˵һֱʥ費ϣµĻӿ϶Ҳܹټҵϲ˵ټһΪ˵Ķӷ̫ӡ
£ĽǳͨԽֳĽֲû£
ĽܰģǵȻ֧ԕDһΪԕDǵӣѱʽΪ̫ӡΪܼңܼ̫ӵңܼǿԪѫȨš
죬Ĵ˳ԷȾơ
Ǯ˳ԷȾƣҢġ
ֻ£ǣǿЦ
Ҳ֪ҢʲôԻȻҪ֧˶Ļӡ
˵λټ»ӣʱҪĻǹҿô졣
˵˰ͽҢ
ҪĻǹǾͺˡ
ɣԲѡͶҢɡٰ֮
ǻӣʲô̫ӵżʲôƾ££𣿡
ǣ̫ӵµıǲܼҡżҸܼҶѻʯ
ܼҿɲǳصġżҪĸܼҶǾǰɣԽ
Խ΢΢ͷǵġ˵żңǹټҶԲܼҲҪ֡
ԽôĿŵذҢ£̫ӵ²𣿡
̫ӵ˵Խһ˵
˲Խ˼һЦζ̫ӵӢܽ˶ɵӣټǳȨƿǷǳ˽ġԽû˵Խʲô˼
ǲΪ塣Խǳ˵̫ӵ£ҲǡҪʰǣҪ̫µ¶֡£ҪǶǡ
ûʲô쳣̫ӵΪʲôǶǣ
Խ˵̫ӵǶǲģǿ϶ʲôɸ˵ܣֻڻûб¶ǿɲܴ⡣
һƽʱͦصģҲͷǵʲôɸ˵ܣ
Խ̫ӵô֪⣿
Խʵһ£˵ô֪
û̫ӵ°
Խһ⻰ֵܣôʡ˵ֲ꣬һ䣬̫ӵ˵⣬һ⣬Ǽžͺá
⣬ʱǷ֣Ǿ˰
ǰǻǼǡ
̫ӵ½飬һҪãʱˣ̫ӵһʹǡ
һߣں˵
ҢͶ˲ٽ鱦Ȼ˲ȱ鱦ЩԶ١˵͵ģҪײҪ
Ǳ£ػ㲻
ص˵ͷˡ
࣬ӽ飬һãҢ˵ͣ£кܶ޶ԡ
ԼĶӣζЦЦ˵»ӣʱǾͻ֧ҡ
˵ǡ
ٵȼ¡΢΢ۣлһĨڱصõĹâ»ӣ⹬Ͳвӵ֮ء
»ӣ̫Ӿʲôˡ
վһԵٰ˺ҢĶԻ㷲
Ϊ»ӣƫ衣ǳǧӵĲ˲ٹŪ
ȥ¶ӣͬʱӵ˺ҲСӵӱͲ̫ãòЩֳ裬ֻСӵʱǳա
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ټң֪ܼܲһ̫ӵ£ϣĲ˵̫ӵϲȥԺôԺȺ̫ӵµĴݹ٣һֱûеȵ
̫ӣҪЩ⡣
ڻ֮ǰϣĸ˵̫ӵµ顣
ԣȤʵ͸˵ʲô
ϣĸ˵̫ӵ´ǡ˵·ô˵̫ӵµġ
ĻЩЦõ˵û뵽ƽʱҫDD
ûҫرǷᡣһ뵽ҫ̫ӵʱĿǾͺҫ̫ӵ°һ¡
ǲû뵽Ҳôĵһ棿
ҡҡͷЦ˵û뵽ڱȥ֮ǰûӵģλص꾩ȴ˺ӡΪʲôأȻܵ˷͵Ӱ졣
ǺϲDDDDҲϲǡЦ뿪֮ǰDDƽʱȥԺǣ͵ĳԡҲ̕DDһЩDD˵¡
ϣ˵
η뿪DD͸ǲٶڰԕDǽ̫ҽ͸ǲٳԵĺõĶһ¸˵˵
˺󣬸̫̾ӵССôϸܵѹϣǶ̫ӵ¿޲ͣ
֮࣬ǰ˵DDһ£㿼ǵô
վ񣺡ǳҡ
ڶԺһԵïʵ˵ȥ̫ӽ
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ԕDڸܻʺ顣
ʺ̫ӵ¡
£
̫ӵ£ټȥһˡïʵ˵꣬æһ䣬
ԕD΢΢£ң
ӷ๫˵飬Ǻ棬
ܻʺԶ˵ȥɣټ顣
ԕDðɣҹȥ
ïʵܻʺ˸͸ϽԕD
ԕD׷ҸϵϷûһܵ˸
ˡ
æվתͷſڡûһͼһྫ¿ɰĺӳڡ
μ̫ӵ¡
ĵ죬ڼ̫ӵ¡ûл꾩֮ǰӷ˵˲̫ӵµ顣
͸Ǻѣÿ¶ͨš̫ӵץ֮ǰ͸ͨдĶ£һЩϵ飬û˵̫ӵµ顣ǣ̫ӵץ󣬷ÿθдŶᵽ̫ӵ¡һ͸дţһ̫ӵ¡
Ͷҫ̫ӵ¡д²۷ͣ˵ôҫĶӡͷҫ̫ӵµĿǣ͸үүҫһ
Զصʱ˷͵ĸԕDǳϤҲ˷͵ĸ⻹ûм̫ӵ£Ͷֹɿɰ̫ӵ³档
񣬼̫ӵµıˣָ˵һƯɰֳ
ԕDߵǰض˵ɡ
л̫ӵ¡
ԕD˸񣺡
ڶԶ֣DD
ԕDԹԵߵڵǰ漴ڻС
DDλ࣬Ժ
֪ǰ˵ԕDض⿴ݣţ˵ĸоС಻ôڼˣûʧ
Ц̫ӵ¸ϣ˵һ㡣
ҰԕDû뵽͸
ϣĶ̫ӵ¿޲ͣȻϣ˵ֻҪ̫ӵ£ͻϲ̫ӵ¡
ԕDһ˫۾Ƶض⿴ôҵİ
̫ӵ⸱ɰСģ۵һƬϣĿ̫ӵ´̫ӵƯ̫ӵ¶á
ԕDû뵽ǰֿûа۷
ڼһЦеģֹ˹СӣЦ˵Ϳ佱ܸˣ
ԕDص˵ͷٺٺ٣ǳˡ
ڴȤβͶ
ҿûβ͡ԕD˵꣬⣬ȻͷǺѣҲҺõѣԺԽ𣿡
⻰΢΢£漴Ц˵ҡ
⡰⡱á⡱ķ塱ķһô⣬Ҳʧ
Ժ󾭳ȥԺ档
˵ǳӭ̫ӵҳ档
¶ӵСԴ˵ƽʱæ㲻ȥԺ档
ԕDһҪæҾͲ˵꣬ڵĻߵǰ͸һ罾ĵЦݣ⣬ӭ
⻰˵ͷݺһһȰضԕD˵лл̫ӵ¡
һҪ飬ˡԕDڻ˻ֶ֣˻֣⣬ټ
̫ӵߡ
ԕD˵̫ӵˡ
ӱ佱ﵱȻǳĵ⣬ȴ˵ղŹɿɰʵԵĺܡ
СӰԵЩȽϺáпѹϣϲ̫ӵ¡
Ժ򽻵ҪСġ˵Ժˣͻ׽Ū㡣
Сĵġ
̫ӵ£ֺ˵¡
ԕDûлȥ˽ķۿԽѵ
ԽǼ̫ӵˣǳϲ
̫ӵ¡
ɣǼѵ
ѵһԽ͵ԕD
̫ӵ£ԭȥ
жˣ
ˡԽϸظԕD㱨ǹ۲쵽ϣǵֵ
ԕD룬Ǵ϶֡
ǺĽǣǧҪǷǡ
ǣ̫ӵ¡ԽָԕD㱨ǵ顣
ùǣҪǡǵ鲻
ǣ̫ӵ¡
ԕDָԽЩ飬Żص
ǵ飬ԕDûиܻʺ˵֮û˵Ϊ²˵
ҲΪ֪ʷ֪ҪʲôԲŻԽǡ
ܻʺ˵£ܻʺô֪⣬Ҫô˵뻹Ǿ߲ܻʺ
ǵˣٸ݋˵ɡ
ԕD֪ջæڶ첢ûȥԺ档ʱգ΢æЩȥԺ档
գһƬƽ˾
ԕDǱǰ
ϣҲԽ˵úյϡ
ϰҹǳƽʲô鶼ûзԕDӦҪ°ҹ֡
ʱԕDԪǽѡ
ô
صµĻ滹ʲôûз
ߣȥԕDͿʼһ˯ûٸܻʺ˯һ䡣
£ϣǴǳΣգǲҪȥˡԪȰˣСôʺｻ
£Ƿץô죿
ԕDҲǣУȲȥԽǵϢ
ûãͳˡ
ıңڹɱ˷Ż
Ԫһֱ棬һл⣬вҽϽܽԕD棺£ˡ
ߣȥԕDǰԪȥ֪ܻͨʺԪķߡ
һ·ɱ˷ŻֱƸ
˯бѣ֪ңŵòᡣ
ïʵڵߣ粽롣
ǿҪɱʱ򣬱Խֹˡ
ԕDԽѾƷˡ
ɵòѺſڡ
ǣ̫ӵ¡
ԕDһȥ˸
ӵĽ͵վææߡ
ټСġïʵϽȥ
DDôڸ⣿ںȻ뵽ʲôɫˢһ±ò԰ףDDᱻѾЮ˰ɣ˵꣬ĵ˳ȥ
ԕD˳Ͻ˹ȥû°ɣ
һѱסԕDͷ´һ
DDû°ɣ
һź£ԕḐû¡
ڼûˣҲǸɸɾ룬һ
ôˣ
Ȼ㡣ԕDοڵѾѾˣûˡ
ʲôѾѱ£
ʱԽѺſڡ


34 
ټҡ
ɡ
лټҡԽվ˵
¶ɻؿ˿ԕD, ֿ˿Խǣʵô£
ԕDûлش𣬶ǿԽ
Խ˲̫ӵµ˼, ǰһ˵عټҵĻ, ı, ȷֺǡ˵꣬һ۱Ѻڵϵˣ˵ټ, ˾ҵıʣµѾҲȫˡ
һѾȫ, һ, ɫϲ˵úúá˵, ʵ, ⵽ô£
˯úúõģȻ֪£ŵϽ, ֱ֪ңŵòᡣ, Ӹ⴫ĲҽŵսľΪԼҪµʱ򣬶ȴûˣֱ֪ʲô顣
ԽûмŻش, ǿһԕD
ԕDԽͷ, ʾڻ㱨
عټҵĻ, ǰʱճЩ쳣, ̫ӵ, ̫ӵóˣǵҪʲôԽ˵ⷬȻԕDԸô˵ġȾһֱжˣһֱûʲôǾǰգǺȻȻ࣬ѡڽֵóȻؼϢȾЩΣ͸̫ӵ»㱨˴£̫ӵóȽĽǡ
תͷվߵĶӣĿο
ԽϰҹȲ˿иһֱǣǲûʲôǹʱǾͿʼڹɱ˷Ż𣬳ǰֹ˵꣬Ȼڵϣùټܾˣټҽ
վߵԽǰַǡ
úãʱֹѾˡ
ԽǱټҿ佱ûеΣǹ˵ټң̫ӵȣκͼıĶóһҪֹǡ
ڿӣº͵ʵDDôû˵
Ҳ֪ǵҪʲôֻԽȶǡԕD͸ԽǴ̨ͨˣ˵㣬ʹݾô˵꣬üͷɫ˲Щֻû뵽Ҫҡ֪͸˵ˡ
ְѶӱӵСһȰ˵DDúܺã˵֪ǶӾοͽ
ԕD˵õܵˡ
СĺںͷһƬû¡
ԽǾȼйҪúõǡ
Խ̫ӵ仰һ÷ǳȴǳƽ
̫ӵ£ְǱټңȲҾӹ
̫˵ĶԣǾȼйһúʹ͡
Խæллټңл̫ӵ¡
ڷ»еĶӣߵ˵ǰʵΪҪң
˵ͷû˵
ïʵǰ˵ټңСǰɡ
΢΢ͷʡ
ټңټңټңһ󽹼ǵӲԶžͼͦŴӣһȺææظ
ڼˣɫʱ
ټң˼Ҵҵس˹ͷЩң·õŵġץסڵ˫֣ͷϸϸؿ˼飬ټңû°ɣûˣ
ס˵˫֣˫ؿû£ûˡ
𣿡˲̫ţּڵӡ
ڷǳϣǰתһȦ顣
̫ˣټҡ˽ڵĻ˫ֽûˣ̫ˡ
ڱˣ󱳣û¡
ԕDվһԣ۵ؿں˵Ļ
˴ڵĻ˳ǿЦ˵˵ңĹټ£ʹһЩ㣬Һùټû¡˸ոʱע⵽ԕDĴڣŲµԕD˾ڣкߡ
ЩҵͷȡԼϡ
û£㻳УҪСġ
ټңҺͶĺӶû¡˵ֻҪټû£ҺͶĺӾͻúõء
ʱܻʺˡֻǴݺʹǹûд
˼ܻʺ֮ؿʵʺô˵ֿ꣬һԕDָ˵̫ӵ¶Ȼʺ硣
ܻʺֱˣǸ˸ĵʵټңû°ɣ
ܻʺʱûˣ˵û¡
Ŀⵣĵؿڣټңû˰ɣ
ڿʱ˲˼᣺ûˡ
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û뵽ݾڵǰίڡ
ټң˵г£;ʺ˵ʺﵣĳ檻£Ͳó檸һǳ檷ҪŻʺһһЩˡ
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ҲԼᱻô˵󣬾͹ɵص˵ͷȻȥˣټҲϢ
ͷֶ˵ʺ񡣡
⻰㵵صɴ˫ۣƺĻ
ؿˣɣʺ񡣡
˲Ը⣬Ͱ͵ڡ
޶ԣ˵
˲ٳɣ鲻Ըܻʺ񣺡ʺݣղųʧˡ
һ㲻ҪŻо񡣡
˱ô˵ﰵޣЩҧгݵ˵檸ˡ
ֿһˣ΢΢ҡͷûиȥԹͣԭء
ڶïʵ˻֣ʾ˴ȥʡԽȥʰо֡
ǸԽҪԽһʰȴԽǸˡ
ҲòܻʺݻȥԕD
ڻ·ϣһŭ˸ղǻ˼̫ӵ¡
ܻʺͷ֪ԣղʲôû˵һ˵ʲôͻᱻټҳ׻ɡ
һ֣ټҸò˵Ļ˰ɣټһ˵ĻùټҲɻʺһ㣬˵ټˡ
ܻʺǲοЦЦûС
û𣿡
ֻ㣬дȥ˸ûдԹټû˵Ļһȥôټҿ϶ỳ
Ǿͺáĺڻỳɲܻʺ󣬡̫ӵôڸ
ȥȹټҵġ
̫ӵ´ȥȹټңݾ⵽ô£
ȥ˵
ںԕDԸѾڴˡ
ԕD˫ڴϣԽô˲Ծһ£мһ£ϸϸظ˵ˡ
˺ʮ𾪡û뵽ССͣ¾ôܡ
ԭΪҲû뵽ȴҡԕDĵ̾һ˵֪ǰ˵ˡ
üͷΪǻ㲻
ԕDͷţΪǳġ
DDΪʲôǻ㲻
ԕD˿ڣһԥԥı顣
һֹı飬ڶȰЦЦʲôܸ˵
˵ˣ㱣֤
ɻ󣬵΢΢˵ͷ֤
Ϊ֧ܶ˶ĺӣ̫ӵ˶ﺢӵ·
ԕDĻû˵꣬ͱڳϣ˭˵Щģ
ڽﴫˡԕDҧҧС鿴ίҶ˵谮ˣ»ӣһٰ谮˵ĺӣʱͲҪ̫ӣҪ̫ӣ˵ĺΪ̫ӡ
һʵĸ˵ģ
֣ǸղŸһĽԕD˵һмû˵
ʲô飿
ԽǸ˵ֱҢˣҢĴ˵˻ǻӣ˵ֻҪ»ӣ̫Ӿͻʧ裬ԕD˵꣬˫ۿͰ͵ڣµܵܣĲҪ𣿡
ڱӿС񿴵ͷһʹæԕDĺ󱳡
᲻Ҫ㡣
ԕDڵĻͷ̫ŵʵ𣬴Ҷ˵˵ܾܵͲҪˣ˵ҪҺ͋݋ݣ
зǳŭû뵽ҢȻɢҥԡ
ģ᲻Ҫ㣬Ҳͻʺ󡣡
Ĳ᲻Ҫ𣿡
ŶһһзǳܣŶ˵DDǵõĶӣ᲻Ҫ㡣
ԕDһβʵ˵ܵܣĲ᲻Ҫ𣿡
ᣬ˵ܵܣDDǵõĶӡ۵ؿӣԶ᲻ҪDD
ԕDСĴָ
ãСĴָסԕDСĴָԶҪDDϵһ겻䡣
ϵһ겻䣡
ڵĴĴָӵĴĴָ˸£DDԶǵĺöӡ
ԺҪǱԲҪˣҲҪˡ
⻰˵ͷһʹ˵һԾŶɲԣ벻Ҫ
ðɣŵ
Ϊʲô˵ڼӱҥ˵ʮۣ޲ھͰҢһ١
ԕDͷС˵Ҳҡ
Ϊʲô˵
µ㲻ˣµĲҪҡ
ԕD仰һѵӣݺݵز|ڵؿϣɵDD᲻Ҫ㣬ԺʲôһҪ˵Ң
ԕD죬ǿ˵ǴŰ
ҪŵںԶҪDD
ԕḐСȵЦЦãŵ
ڵͷ׶ӵСҪҪ˯
˯Ȼ˯
ڲʵΪʲôҪ˯
ԕDһ˵Ϊŵˣ˯˻جΡ˵꣬ڵϿ۾˯
仰˵ڱǼⷢᣬ˫΢΢죬Щã۾˯
ԕDڵߣСǰıӣض˵Թ˯ڣجβ㡣
СӺ˯ڣһƬԭΪԼ˯ţǱӺźž˯ˡ
ԕDڼûаѣӦ˯ˡ
ӵĻТ˳ԕD佱Լһ䣬һϮ˸Ƿ˯ڵߡ
˯УԺ¡ԼںͿվʦ塣
ʦǲΪûжĸТүڳͷޣ޺󣿡
ںȻʲôʱ飬Ǽǰź¡
ټң֪ׯ̫ܲĸν֪үׯ̫ܲ󶼲
޵ĺΪʲôһزۣеɫߣ޺òĶӣԳһֱúõģȴǰʱزۣѵڳͷ𣿡
ټңԥûԵ֡
ѵҪ޺󣿡һ޺Ļʵֻۣᱻ˵ʲôˡ飬Żᱻͷ޺
վʦؿһڣټңжӣǻʱ򡣡
ԣǰһЩŵʵʦ˵Ժжӣ
վʦ΢΢ףۺӣĪ˵ǣԺжӡ
ϲʦ˵ԺǶã
󡣡
޾жˡ
ЦݣǿվʦĻϵЦݽס
ټңӱǻʺ
ʲôʺüͷɫòʦ˼޼һӣǻʺ
վʦͷû˵꣬˵һ䣬ټң˻ʺΪ»ӡ
ڵüͷغ˻ʺ˭Ϊ»ӣ
û
ʦԸ𣿡
ټңɸġվʦ˵Ҳѡ񲻺ͻʺӡ
ڿ˿վʦ漴ε̾һʦ޲ʺ»ӡûʺ»ӣͺͻʺˡܼȨ㳯Ұ޲޵̫һȨ㳯Ұҡް󣬴εĽɽղܡ
վʦ֪ڼɵܼңûаܼ˵
ټң˵ˣҲѡ񲻺ͻʺ»ӡ
ڲģʦĳ˻ʺû𣿡
ûˡվʦۺӣһص˵ټңͻʺĻǵӣע
²ܼҡںγµӣΪ̫ӣǲܼҡ޲ݰѳֳݻ˴εĽɽȻްûȥڡ
վʦû˵ʲô
ţеĳ˱仯
ںͿվʦվµ£ǰ
ʦĳ˻ʺû𣿡ʱڱǴȥҹ̺ӣ̫
ûˡվʦ˿ڣһض˵ټң꣬ͻӣպ󲻻лӡ
ʲôھˣʦ˼޽겻ͻʺӣԺҲûлˣ
û꣬޺ˡ
ɫɬ˵ע
ټңҲԲˡ
ڿЦʦ޲òˡûлӡ
ȻټԸˣǾͲҪ˷ավʦοټң֮֮
ʦ˵öԣ֮֮ݰѳֳӸΪءպúý̵̫ӣܼңҪòܼұֳ
еĳַ˱仯ǰվʦչǰ顣
ʦ޺ҵĻϲ˵޺ϲ̫ӡ
ټңľ˲١
ǰԴӕDDǳ˸ɾоԼ·˲١˶ӣ˵ҺһǰĻ
ټң̫ӵͻʺĵӣע
𣿡Цдʦԡ
ʱеַ˱仯
ټôʱ£
վʦЩԺˣΣڡ
ټΪ£
㣿ȻΣлʦġ
ټңѡ񣬲лġ
ʦ֪Ҫлʲô
վʦضЦЦټӦøлǻʺΪ̫ӵ¡
ڹЦʦǴʦµҪ˵ʲô˵꣬΢΢̾ʦ˵öԣӦøлʺ󡣡
Ȼټ֪Ǿ˵ʲô
վʦĻ˵꣬ھʹʱո
Σ
ΰ
ڸ˻ЩԺûлعȻߴǳǳĺ˹ȥӺ˯ڴϣһ˫СѹĶϡ
⺢ô˯ģôԼ˯ˣ
رӣ漴Ѷƽڴϡ
ԕD˯÷ǳûбŪѡ
ڲڴϣֳĿ۰ֳؿŶӡ
޻ıDD˯ˣıDDûجΡ
ش¶С޵Сǡ
ԕD˸ڵĻһ˫ʶץǰ·
ӹɵ˯һĶҪˡ漴뵽Ӹ˵Щɫʱ
ʱïʵĵ˽Сؽеټң
ԕDϸҴñǣ漴ƿ´
ʳ𣿡
ʳˡ
ڵͷû˵ſ˫ïʵ¡
·³Ѷӣתȥƫϴ
ϴãïʵ͸ʵĽ
˵ܵҢָʹװңȻá˵ïʵû˵ȥ
ʲôѾµˡ
˴ȹټңʱ˻й
žһڰеĲյݺݵˤڵϡ
ïʵŵøϽڵϡ
һˮһƬŭ
ïʵ̧ͷСؿڣټңһ顣
˵
˽ҢĴύĴɢҥԣ˵һΪټ»ӣʱټͻ̫ӣµĻΪ̫ӡ
ţҢɫŤˣҢΡ
ǣټҡïʵʵټңҪδã
һΡ
ǣټҡ
Ŷûãֱȥ糯
糯ûнҢһ¾ڹﴫˡ
ܻʺݸոš
˶˯ñȽգ϶ˡ
Ңôأһɵ˵ǰʱգټҲǲĹ𣿡
Ӧʲô顣ܻʺŲµô£ʡֻܵȶӴӸ֪׷ʲô顣
Ȼ֪ʲô飬ҢǽȻܻʺݲҪ˵飬ݻǿˡ˵ĲùΣررʹ졣
㰡ܻʺεЦԺڹټǰǶ˿ЩϾڻСʲô飬һͻ㡣
ңߵ˵ңټҲš
ֲǲ֪߻ɿ𣬾ټ㣬ڹټǰ˵Ĳǣټ˵Ļ㡣ܻʺô˵ΪݣΪԺע⡣
Һ͹ټҴС꣬ټҪ˵ĻҡݺȻ˫ۣ˸
ܻʺû뵽˵ˣϽڰο˵ģټҺСһ𳤴󣬾ᱻز㡣
ʶԼʧ̬æᣬתƻ˵ԕD顣
֪̫ӵûУ
˯ڻûѡ
ô˵飬Ҳ֪̫ӵûбŵûجΣԽ˵ԽԕD
йټڣDDµģ㲻Ҫġܻʺ뵽Ƕû˯ãض˵ȥúõزһ
һ࣬û˯þصݾֱͲܻʺ˯һŴϣȻһֱ˵ҵ飬˵ʱ˯Ҳɡ
ҵȕDDܻʺЦ˵˯
Ȼȥˡ
úò
˻˯ûѡ
ٰײҳˡ׼ˣٸҢһ¡
֪飬ҪʱҪǶ̥Ǻáǣֲܲӡ
ԕD˯ʱѡ
˯ǰһ̸³˾ʹȥš
û𣿡
ûУźһšԸԕDһιߡ
ԕDҧһڣ̵س
ӳԷԵ㣬ԭûʲôθڵ˵θڡ
ԕDˣԼţҪιǣÿκͶţιӳԡԕDû취ֻιԷ
ιţιԕD顣
ԕDȵ鱻˲ٶ˵֥顢ҡ֮Ķûһζ
ԭԶӺģǺӺȵӺܺãûٷˡ
ԕDӳڣȻܹ纮һηȶûСܷ纮ĴҲ٣ܷ纮ĴΣÿûͺˡ
ţǣһȥ
ǰŸյ˾
֪ĲΣŶûãͼæ֪ȥкǷæȥ
ܻʺǸԶ֡
ԕD˳ߵܻʺǰ݋ݹɵЦЦ݋ݣ˯úܺãûجΡ
ܻʺ´¶ӣӾ񲻴ˡ
Ǿͺá˵꣬ĵڣټң˯úòã
˕DDĸúܺáڰԕD˯һ¸ܻʺ˵ˡ
ԕDԼСظһ˵ڣǲõجεġ
ڱӣ˲ӵС
DDǵСǣЕDDڣͲ¡
ܻʺڶԕDһ۰һֱͷϵĴʯڿˡټҲûлɕDD
ԕḐڵļһСĿǶ˵ģһᱣġ
仰˵ͷݺһͷ˲ӵСӣЦ˵DDǵĺöӡ
ïʵʱȻ˽ټң
üͷһ壬ɫЩõ˵
ټң˾ſڡ
˵û޵߳Ҳκȥżˡ
˰
ǣټҡïʵȥ
˼ïʵˣæǰȥ׼ȴ뱻ïʵֹˡ
ïʵʲô˼
ӣټ˵С󡣡ïʵ˵ټһҪҲκȥ
˼ؽе˵ʲô
ïʵղŵĻָһ顣
ܣټҲңҪټҡ˵žҪ
ӣ󡣡
ټңҪټң˳ɤӽе
ïʵ˲Ը뿪ӼǿӲذߡ
ӵôѲˡ
ܻʺкǳԾټң˷ʲôǹټҵһˡַʲô顣
̫谮ˣ軵ˡһ뵽˵ǷͷǳۡDD¸݋˵ȥʹ档
ԕDµҪܻʺ˵ʲôŶ˵ɣҴȥҽ档
ԕD뿪ˣڰҢ£ʹң˴һ¸ܻʺ˵ˡ
ܻʺ˺һԾټң˵ģҢľң
йġںڳ˵û뵽Ң˾ô󵨣
ܻʺǣЩŹ֣Ӧûô򵥡
˵˲ٽ
֪û뵽ǻ˺ݶ˳һ㣬ˣСӣûȱ㡣ǸĵˣȻԼˣ˲ûΪô
ΪʲôΪ˻й𣿡
Ϊ˻йԶֹΪ˻йô򵥣ôΪĺӡ
ܻʺ̫ˣ
ƽ̫ˣ˲˼
ټң˻⣿ܻʺװ׵ʵ
ôΪĺӡڰԕD˵Ƿܻʺ˵ˡ
ܻʺ˺͵վŭҢǾҡ˵꣬һ𣬡DD˺һܺºĺܲ檾Ȼûз֣ټ𷣡
ǰܻʺû޲ԣҢ˺DD
ټңҢɢҥԣ͕DDĸ֮飬Ŀ
޲
ټңDD
޸DD˵ˣԶ᲻ҪõĶӡɫǳ£DDǴεĻ̫ӣκ˶ȡ


35 
ԕDص, ݋վϣ˫Զգɫ
݋, ˣ
ܻʺӵ, ԶջĿ⣬תͷĿºʹȰؿŶӡ
ټҸոˡ˵, Զ֡
ԕDŴСܻܵʺ, ̧ץס݋ݵ, ҡ£݋, ˵ʲô𣿡
˵˺ܶࡣܻʺǣŶӣȥ˵ô¡
ǰʱ䣬Խ˵ЩŹ֣ҾԽǶǡԕDһҡŲܻʺ, һ߱ıţԭΪǺһҢˣҲ, û뵽ıҡ
ôû˵
ԭ˵, ֮ǰһֱûʲô, ҲûиͬۡԕDôܻʺ˵£ǰͻȻ, ҶԽǲǿˡ
֪£Ϊʲôңܻʺ̧¶ӵСԴ, ôΣ, 㾹ȥ, ֪݋жൣ𣿡
݋, º, ҴŲµҪʲôԲܸ㡣ԕDܻʺʼ˵㣬϶ȥȻȥȵԲԣ
ܻʺ˵ԡ
݋ݣȥȵµô㣿ʷϣȷǲܻʺȥڣڲûилΪһжľ֣ȼݵĹǿеظˣΪ
ܻʺ΢΢üͷû˵
Եԋ݋ĲɣһΪһжľ֣л㣬Ӳ¼㣬Ҳܸ㣬ȥȵԕDֶ̯Բܻʺ˵ҴȥȵͲһˣỳңĺܺá
ܻʺⷬЦ˵öԣҴȥȹټңټҺпΪľܻ֡ʺﾪ̾ӵĴԼĶһֱ͹ټڕDDǰྴû¶ʲôȴDDطֹټڲɼɵ
DDô֪ټڲɷңܻʺϸ룬Ҳûи˵ټڷһ¡
݋ݣҿİ
㿴ģܻʺ΢΢ü¶ɻ󣬡ôģ
ԕDһָͷȣңҲͲôڶԋ݋̬˵ǿ߾أ˵ǵĮС˵ᣬǳ谮ǿ݋ͷǳ롣
ܻʺþŴͣû뵽ӾȻ۲ôϸ
ģ݋ǲܼˣܼɵܼҡԕD˵س̾һʦ˵݋Ϊ»ӣΪĶһȨƹصҡǴһֱߵȥҹ̺ӣֻԶ
ܻʺû뵽վʦ¶˵ˡվʦôʲô鶼DD˵治ѕDDӿУDD⺢ӾȻʲô
˵ûDD⺢ÿζšԭΪDDˣû뵽DDܱиҪ⺢ӲôЩİ
ԣҲûи㣬Ͳỳ㡣ԕDץסܻʺ֣Сǳ˵݋ݣܵôɷ㣬ҶվߣҪ㣬㱻۸
⻰˵òܻʺͷݺһְѶӱ˲ӵС
݋͹ˡټ֮ǰлΪһöӣγлDD
ϱڵʱԕDͷǳܻͬʺʲôûʲôûдȴһֱһֹˣڻʺѿΪܼңҪôĶ̫ƽ
ⱲӣΪܻʺĶӣۡڶãӾͺúõضԣԲʷϵʺһ·
ԕDֱסܻʺ݋ݵĺ󱳣˵݋ݣһúñġ
ܻʺ˫ʪ|ˣڶӵľֽرԕD
݋š
ԕDоЩʪ⣬ٴ̧݋ݵĺ󱳡
ܻʺƽ飬ַſӣվǣŶߡ
ټ˵й˺ҢԸңΪľ˾ȼйô£ͷӣҲǰŵİɣʲô
ԕDСԴԲܻʺ޹գգۣ݋ݣΪʲôʲô
ܻʺ||ִ˴ӴС
ûʲôΪʲô˵ָʹģܻʺô˵ʱһӦǶʲôúõظ݋˵DD⺢Ӳǳġ⺢ӲʹмıҲ֪˭СʱûôϻۣټҾ͸˵ˡ
ܻʺ󿴴ԕDһҲ⣬Ͼ݋ݷǳҺβܡ
ˣ݋ô֪ģ
ܻʺЦ˵֪Īĸ˵꣬˫ֱأ˵ɣô¡
ܼ򵥰ԕDЦе˵Խǵʱ򣬸ǣ͸֪ô˵ԕDûԽȷظʲôǲɵӣ֪˵ʲôȻǲһʼָʹǣھһ̱ƹ˵õš
ܻʺӵСЦ˵Ҿ֪Ĺ
ٺٺ٣݋ݣĲɡ
ŶһСģܻʺĵؿ佱ķǳãǼҕDDεºôֶ¹ɡТ˳Ķӡϱӵ˶ٺ¡
޵ԕDЦķǳ⣬β͵ĻʱСβѾˡ
һ㣬Ҿһ
ܻʺЦؿŶһСģֵ˵ĶͷǵΪʲôıң
ûĻӦǲ佫ĵλ͡ҲԕDĲ²⣬ǿټӾϣƴһѡĹټְףҪְнȻûбȵ컹ҪѵĿų̶ȣҲǳףǳͨʿǡ
ֺͨʿһΪ׿ԽŻᱻѡȻûдﵽ֮ӵĵزҲǾӢһֱټҺ͹еİȫȴһֱѹۿЩĳƽƣǰҫȻǳⲻƽ
ԹͲ̫ã޿̵ĵزǾͻ嶯֪³ǳңҲҪһ
ܻʺԕD˼̾ϢһԽ䣬һֱ佫λ£佫ǲҲܼ佫ǲܼұۺֻҲǳҡ
𿴲ܼǿԪѫǲܼЩڳвûʲôʵȨܼڳУûһιؼҪְλ
ĳǲų佫ǣҲ佫ڳҪְĳǾԲ佫ڳմȨ
ǲԵģ佫ǵĵλӦúĳǵĵλһߡԕDһ˵ĳι佫Ǳȱһɣ֮ĵλӦƽȣ˭˭߹󡣡
ܻʺܳԾӻ뷨Ҫ֪һֱ˶佫çֻɱˣĳǴĳǶߣԼ佫һȡ
DD㳤Ҫı佫ĵλһ׵顣
֪
ĳǺܲǡԹʷĳдŭĳǣĳǻʷʹʼʣĳ޶ı
݋ݣ֪Ǻĳ𣿡ԕDȻ֪ŭĳǵ³ᱻĳǹĨڡʷϵĻʵ۱ĳĨڵĲ˵ʼʡҲ£ҪոʮݣҪ佫ǵ֧֡ԺᱻĳʷϺڳʲôҪľոʮݣϰչϺӣ۸衣
˵ôᶨܻʺзǳο
݋֧㣬Ҳ
݋ݣ˵ʲôҿղһصģԕD뵽ʲôüͷ˵ỳ˰ɣ
ûУлΪôõĶӡܻʺ֮ǰ˯˵лĻǰڷǳʽظлܻʺΪԕDôõĶӡ
Ǹлл㡣ԕD݋ݲмڵĸл
㰡ܻʺһֱû˵һ£Ҳû֣Ϊ˲ֵ֡ԕDܻʺǾԲŹˡܻʺû뵽ûгֶԸˣӾͰ˽ˡ˺Ң飬Щðˡ
ԕDҲ֪ЩʣʧˣҲӰ
Ҿ뿴ڵУҪҪ˵꣬Ц÷ǳãڵУӱȽҪ
ܻʺʧЦ㣬Ҳû뵽ܻʺһֱĿУ˱ÿ˶ҪҪѾõ»Ӻᱻټҳ谮׼Ҳùټ˲ϲDD׼ԕDᱻڷ׼
˵ʵҾõ˺Ңľ֣ǵȴƫƫˣû뵽ġԕDԭΪڶ˳谮ĳ̶ȣǲ̫˺Ңֵġߣڶûκβ¼ɺͷûôܳ衣
ӦҢĴ£ŭ˹ټҡܻʺĮ˵Ƿǳ谮ˣʲôߣС
ӦòٷΪ˰ɡ
ܻʺЦЦ˵ֻڲΪԺ˵ˡڲܻʺʱ̫黯ټҲ׷ŹҢ
ŹҲŹҢԕD鵽Ϊֹˡ
ԺһҪ݋˵ܻʺɫǳãûг£ԺͲһôõ
ԕD˳صͷãԺһ݋˵˵꣬뵽ǣԵʴȣһǣƻǱΪƽ񣬸ϳʹ݋ݣǱϳʹòܼǡ
ǿ֮ţ
ܴƽһĲܣ˵ǹעһֵýġԕDԵֻҪǻᣬúǵĲܣǾͻǳģᾡܵչԼԕDΪһѺõԺúõѺõ
ȻôΪҾòܼǡܻʺ˵ϣԺ󲻻ʧ
ӦòʧԕD˵žԼСӣ݋ݣЩˣǳԵİɡ
ܻʺԸȥȡһЩŶһԵġ
ܻʺԕDĸڡڱ硣
֪飬Ҳ֪ҵʼٸ˺Ңǻ֪ҢĴɢҥ˵Ҫ̫ӣʮ
Ϊ࣬ȻҪһԣһҪϳ˺Ң󳼷׷޳ɡǻ˵ԻڣˣһҪϳˡ
Щ˵ԕDǲܻʺڵĵӣ߹ߣ̫ӵ´£ǾΪһ˵ĺӷ̫ӡ
һҲƽ̫谮ˣŻִ治ֻ顣
ҪΪʱ򣬴ǾͼԡΪһŮˣʵ֤ǶԵģ˻û»ӣͼı̫֮λ̫Ϊˡ
ڱһ仰ҲˣΪ˵÷ǳԡ̫谮ˣҲеҰġ
ϳҢˣԼǡʴȣҪǵ
ּݶҢְһٰӡҲΪƽ񣬲ϳʹ˱Ϊˣû߳κҲȥ
ĳͷǻ⡣
;еĺǲúҲ֪飬ȻǳߡǷ׷дӣڄʹҢ˺ǡ
дĻȽϺߣͷ;д÷ǳˣһҲ
ǻڄдԕDǴεĻ̫ӣκ˶˺̫ӣʹڵĳҲС
ڄ˵֮ǰ͸ڣڲҪ̫谮ˣϧڲû˷˴ȻŹλᣬְڸһ
ҰѾ꾩û뿪Ҫһĭ
ͲдӰһдŰһ١ûб̫ӵ£̫ӵί
ԩϾջص꾩ûãû뵽ᷢ顣
Ᵽ̫ӵ£Ҫ鷢
ֵֻ
ε飬ܺڣϾܵ˾ţǴûһ̫谮ˡԣŲˡ
ԕDܺߣȴǷǳϧǵ̫ӵܵ˼ί˺
ٲԼΪˣԼҪһֱŵڲԸʹʲô취öĺڣҲû
⼸գŲһֱ֣ûκذԼŪö̥
ʹŲ˶̥ҲûĴǳ
ʱŲ˿ڴϣɫ԰ף鰧ˡ
ٰڴߣҩ룬ధŲ˺ҩ
ӣﻹкӣԼҲҪ˶СӰ
ټҲҪˣҲҪҶСӣǻŻʲô塣⼸գŲһֱ֣ΪܼڣûмڡǰôֻҪ˵ܹǣ̥ڶû
ӣֻҪƽƽСӣټһỶϲģʱټҾͲһͺġٰײ̿ŲôȥȰ˵Ų˵ӣΪ˻СӣԼӶˡҪǷ̫ԲԼˡ
Ų⻰ûʲôӦ˫ﻹһƬҰܡ
ٰ룬ٴ̼Ųˡ
ӣѵʺԱֻ˻ʺ⡣ȻӺͻʺ֮ìܣʱҲֻûʺ̼ӡӣԱͬǸˣôһֱܹټҵĳ谮𣿡
ⷬ˵Ų˵㷴Ӧٰ׼״ٽ˵ֻҪ»ӣһḴ裬ʱͿΪĲûʺǲùǣԱ˳𣬻˻ʺǵ⣬Ҫ𣿡
ҲҪŲ˿ն˫˹԰׵¶޺޵ɫҪҾ˲⡣
ŲЩ񣬻˶־ٰﳤһŲ˵ӣҪľӣƽƽСȻټҥū澾Źټﻹġ˵ټһֱϣܸ»ӣֻҪ»Ӿһܸ裬Ҫ
˵öԣҪҪƽ»ӣҪ衣Ų˱ٰⷬ˫۲˳ޣͬʱֳ˶־ιҺҩ
ٰ⻰ϲæҨһҩιŲ˵ߡ
ӣҪúúҩ̥
Ų죬ԹԵذѿɬҩȥ
ٰ׼Ų˺˼ҩᣬŵæ־ᡣ
ӣôأǲҩ̫ࣿ
Ųҡҡͷ˵ٰףֻҺá֮ǰټҳ谮᲻ܰίҩҲ᲻԰ࡣ̥ټҲԸһۣѵ֮ǰټҶ궼Ǽٵ
ӣҪģټֻű˵ĲˡٰװοūŹʱ䣬ټҾͻףʱһġ
𣿡ŲµڲҪˡ
ģҪ
ãҲһӣºӡĺΨһˣԱ
ӣҩ꣬ٳԵ㶫ɡ
á
ںͲܻʺջ衣
Ų˶̥ټҲûȥŲʧ˰ɡ뿴Ų˳ʧ衣
ܻʺɹõľջװһֻʱģƽºӾͻḴ衣
ǰɣݲԸš
ټ۰ô꣬иģΪε飬ͳܻʺȻڵĹϵܣǿ˵˽ڵˣεùټҺǲûùټҳټȥΪҪٴ顣
ټȻŲˡݲš
Уһֱټҳ谮ŲˣŲ˴治飬Ƕǳֹټ̫谮ټΪ˸һʱҲȥ谮ܻʺ˵ȹһʱ䣬齥ˣټҾͻȥ
Ųô飬ټҾȻ飬Ȼ谮ټǷ𣿡Խܡ
ܻʺصһݣԡ
Ҳ⣬Ĳ⡣ŵ˵ټ˰Ųô
ܻʺһ˵ټ᲻ŲˡټҲûаŲ˰̹ĵĵز˵Ųˣ˵᲻Ųˣ᲻Ų˶İ᲻ŲˡȻҪһ㣬ԽǷ谮ŲˣԽҪ谮Ųˡ˵ףټҾһˡ
Ų˵׸ټҹʲôùټ˰ݳ˲ܽܣЩʳԴס
ټҺŲ˵飬ҲҪܡܻʺһֱ÷ǳףŲ˵̬ȷǳݡҪŲˣټǾԲŹ˵ټҵϣֶԸŲˣټҲаѱ߽ڷϵʺ󡣡֡ڲܻʺںŲ֮ĸ̫ɣҲ̫Ц
Ҿǲǻʺֻ¹ټҾ׷Źʺ
ʲôģŲô֣ڹټлǷǳҪġܻʺο˵Ų˼ƽϡ
˵ĵҶ޷һĲںݲǲܻʺڴСһ𳤴˴СͷǳáȻһֱˣǴûмʹŲˡڸղŵ֪ŲˣĲܿƵʵ
йټңȻںܻʺݣҪΪȥ飬𣿡ʱŮΪʣһʱ嶯ص顣ܻʺϣΪʣֶԸŲˣص顣
ײܻʺ˼ͷ˵ģҲŲʲô
Ǿͺáܻʺ˵꣬˵ʱգҪڹټǰŲ˵飬֪𣿡
֪ȻղżˣǲûʧȥǡҲ嶯顣
ܻʺ˿ݣЦ˵Ǿͺá
ݲ˵Ų˵飬תƻ˵
ٹʱҪ붬ˣҪҪ׼һЩ͵Ӳ֣ÿʱ򣬲ܻʺǶռһЩȥӲֵĺǡ
Ҫ׼һЩˣȥ׼ôˡܻʺ˵ĿǰӲֻµĺӣʮûС
ĺأ
ˡ⡰ˡǲܼҡǻܣܻʺ󲻺ø˵
ôຢӶ˰һ죬ϣЩӶܺúõء
õġЩԺҪսģܲܺþͿүˡ
̫ӵôûл
ȥԺˣֻҪʱܻ
ǰգԕDȥԺ⡰桱
ǳӭ̫ӵ档ԕDһԵġȲ衣ԕDд֡顣ֹˣԕD˵¡ȻԕD塢
ʱԕDд֡
ȥ꿪ʼѧд֣ĿǰΪֹһˡԕDдҪһǰúܶ࣬ǻдķǳԼ÷ǳΪ̫Ʈˡ
Сûʲôд־ͺƮͽôдֲƮ
һ߽ԕDд֣һ߽ԕD֡
죬ԕDʫʺһЩ̫֡ӵ¹Ȼϣ˵ǳϻۣ̫ӵ飬ѧᡣ
գ̫ӵദԽϲԕD
ʱԕD뿪Ժȥڡ
ڼӻˣʹŶӻš
ʱգڲţšͬʱҲڲܻʺĹݵĹ
ܻʺ׼ʱشӻţ˸Ͻš
׼Լţȴܻʺûһѧ
˽ŵʱںͲܻʺǶûôءŵʱ򣬿˵
ǸںͲܻʺ˵ѧʲôȻԹҪ顣
ŸıԹںͲܻʺεЦݡ
ԕDʲôԕDѧĶ˵˵
ԕDĻˡԼǽ㣬ѧĶӦΪܵԕD죬ԕDʵȴȫ෴
ٲúö飬̫ӵ¾ҪˡŮһ㣬Ρ
˵û˵DDѧ˺ܶʫʣҲᱳ͡ӡٲúö飬ҪDDˡ
ԕDDDѧôʲôDDѧô죬Եñ
ԕDһ޹ѧò찡˵꣬ӵؿһ۸ǽ̫ˣѧѧϰĽȻģȣĲ졣Сӣϰ꿪ʼʽѧϰ徭ҺֵĴĲھͶ֣Ȼ϶䡣ǵĴǵȵִݻص꾩ڶ֣Ǹʱ϶֡
طﱿˣ̫ˡ˵꣬ԹؿںͲܻʺ󣬡݋ݣǸѕDDôDDͲɰˣЦ㣬۸һǰDDֿɰֹɡ
ܻʺڱ仰ЦˣԼ鲻ùֵ͋݋ݡ
ǡضԕD˵DD꣬Ҫѧô졣˵꣬һŽԕD⣬ѧһЩ
ݱ仰Цˣ̧ͷ
Һúö顣
һ棡
㣬ٲúö飬׶Ȳˡ
DDܵܣ
ڷϳںͲܻʺǼֲˡ
׼С˺߶
ԣ׷ס׷ԕDܡ
⸱Ƥģöͷϵ˳
ڵϲ֣ر
󣬻ǲܻʺͣǲʵʵؼš
ţûмŻظߺȲ裬ߺͲܻʺ졣
Сˣðúѧˡ꣬ٹҪǡǰѧϰأҪѧŮ졣Ȼ黭μҹ֮ȶ
һ뵽ŮмҪǣﲻɵЩżˣӽúõظŮɫ
Ҫúõøѧϰˡ
˵Ů졣⺢ӵڻŮ졣ǹڼǰҲҪѧŮ졣
ǾøѧڿԺֵŮͶӣȻ뵽һ飬תͷԲܻʺ˵ʺǲǸѡһŮӽúý
ԕDûгǰǰʵӵǸʱܻʺ׼һŮӽʵֱ˻ȥܻʺҲûŮ
ټңпеĺ𣿡
΢΢ҡͷûУѡȻ޿
ټңDD꣬ǲ̫˵㣿ܻʺ˵檴ȕDDʱһŮúý
룬Щˡ
Ǿ͵ȵDD꣬ѡһŮ


36 
ѩ׷, ±һƬѩ֡
ʱԕDͿվʦڷ塣
һ̿ʮů͡
, ЩվʦۺӣһȺ͵ʵ, £
ԕD, ԿվʦȵЦЦʲô£Щᡣ˵꣬еӵ, Ȼֽ˻֪Щòø˵ȻڶԲܻʺЩǶӻǷǳ۰Щ݋˵ˣǲûи˵
վʦһӣʵ ټ˵ʲô
ԕD˿վʦոµһ, ϸ˼һ, еİӡ
ܼҵ顣
Ӧ֪ԲܼҺǼɵվʦָѵ
֪ҸоҵԲܼҵܴ󡣡ԕDеİ, ðӴʳָ䵽ָֹ䵽ָСĴָ, ִСĴָصʳָϡܼҵҺܶ, ǵƫƫԲܼΪɵ
վʦûлشԕD仰ЦеʵΪΣ
ԕDְӷıϣС˼һ, ˵Ϊҋ݋ݡ
֮ǰ˵, ǲԸܻʺ»ӵģǴǴߵý, ǲġվʦһԕD, ݋ô
, ǳβܡԕDһ˵˵ʵβⷽ棬ҵȲҋ݋ݡУҵЩȲҋ݋ݹϡ
֪Ϊʲôϲ݋ݣ
ԕDѿڶΪҋ݋ǲܼŮǴǱΪʺġЩ棬ϲĲܻʺϲǲϲŲˣŲ˳졣ڳϲҸǷֻŮǳ
Ҳԭ֮һһҪԭ򡣡
һҪԭ򣿡ԕD΢΢üͷ¶ɻɫʲôԭ򣿡
վʦԕDû뵽ٴ݋˭
˭ʵԕDһͷˮܿ뵽һȻ˵ĸԭĸ̫ҲǳмıˣʮвŸɡ݋ݲܻʺ̫һвܡ
С̷̫̫ܽǳϸ񡣲ֹˣ̫һֱѳֳ̫ҲٳٲԸ
ԕDϱʱڵڣǸʱݵڻûȻһֱߴ̫󻹳ڣ̫иֽڲԸ黹ڵʮߺͲʵġ
׵Ϊʲô˲ϲ݋ݡԕDϳ˵ԭڋ݋ݵϿĸӰË݋ݻĸһѹһֱԸܻʺӡ
ټϷ֮󣬳ñʺͲܼҰѳ֡վʦԕDףûٸӣصĸޡ
һ㡣
վʦԣЩʵһ㣿
ĸӡ˵Сĸ󣬵ĸֻǰεĻʵ󣬲ûа󡣡ԕDһ˵ǋ݋ݵӣòĶӣеǲһġҋ݋Ȼǲܼˣڋ݋ݵУҪȲܼҪܻʺǷǳϻ۵ŮˣڶӺ֮䣬ң˼ӡһӣòܼӵͷϡ
վʦ΢΢ףЦ˵ڲܼңͲ𣿡
²ܼʲôԺᱻܼЮ𣿡ԕDΪЦһ²ܼҵͷ𣿡
㲻𣿡վʦζ˵ȻܼڳвûմȨǲܼ佫ĿеĵλǷǳߵġ
Ȼ֪Ҫòܼ佫ĿеĵλոʮݡԕDеڿУȻһץסһҪòܼ佫ĵλĳǷͥ񡣡
ĳǷͥɲһ򵥵顣
֪ԲܼҵȨƵλܸĳǽа塣ԕDʱϵıȫûƽڹʱɰ棬ĳǵĵλ̫ˣһͨ佫ǵĶ֣ǲܼҿԡ
վʦԕDĴ㣺ҪòܼҸĳ໥ƺ⣿
ԕDͷ˵ԣʦ־ÿ𣿡
С
ʵԭ̵ġԕDԭѧƺĳǣ뻹ˡţλڼܺܺõƺ̺Ĺ٣̻Ҫˣһѹס
վʦüͷ޳ɵ˵̲С
ʵһѺܺõĵõúþͷǳãõòþͻҳԕD˵ǺŵúѵǺ˲һã뻹ˡ
վʦ⻰ɵʧЦ㵹š
ԕD΢΢°ͣһƨ˵ţҵеġ
ܸȨʷϱŪ鲻١վʦԻ¹ŪȨǳС
ԕDͷ򲻵ѣǲ̵ġ
˵򲻵ʲô
佫ѹסĳĳѹס佫ʱҪάƽ⡣ԕDеİӣϣҪ֡ǰڣ佫ǿ϶ֲĳϾԴνĳλһֱ佫佫Ҫڶʱĳƽƽǲܵġ
ǾҪֶˡվʦӲŷϣԕD˵ƺزã󳼾ͻʧȥƽ⣬õľƾͻᷢ仯Ҫ֪ϵһ仯ͻӰ쵽Ҫ֮
ԕD׿վʦ˵ⷬģʦ֣ģҲóϱȨĵط佫ƺĳΪ佫ѹĳڻСúúѧϰȨ֮ʦúúýҡ
ںȲĿվʦԕD⻰еĶסˣ¶˼ı顣
ۣҽȨ֮
ԕDصͷֺõضԿվʦЦЦʦ֣ȻǵȨ֮˵ָ꣬Ͻһ䣬ʦ֣㲻Ҫ˵㲻ᣬҲŲš
վʦЦãۣΪʲôΪһȨ֮
ԕDСС¿վʦƨʦܡ
ΪʲôѧϰȨ֮վʦû뵽ۻһϺѧϰȨ֮
ʦ֣ҵȨ֮𣿡ԕDСʵǰҵĵȨ֮ú𣿡Ĳܻ݋ݡ˵ʵʱ˴󳼶࣬Ȼ֪ʲô
ԕDô˵վʦʧЦҡҡͷ㰡
ʦ֣ͽҰɡ˿վʦܣԹߣǾˣѧϰȨ֮ʵġ
վʦۺӣֳ˵ֻ֪ã֮ҪôãͿԼˡ
ԕD˫ֱȭԿվʦ˵лʦ֣һúѧġ
Ҫ˵ܼҵ飿վʦְѻ⳶˻
ʦ֣֮ǰ˵Ҫһ֧ԼľӣòܼҰæѵһӡǰʱգòܼǡԕDʳָộߣһ£סһʱһʱ֪飬»Ϊ֮ǰҵҋ݋ľ֣Ͳˡ
Ϊʲôܸܻʺ˵Щ飬ȴԥҪҪ߹ټңվʦؿһԕD㲻Ǻιټң
ȻҺ۰ǵϾǻʵۡԕDֳ˵ʦ֣Ҳ֪ʵ۶һëǾǶɡСʱỳɣԻҋ݋ݡҵΪһжҋ݋ݰŵģԼ˼
䵣ģȥټҺú˵˵վʦԵһЩټҲ˵ܼҵ顣
ԕDֱӣ˿Щε˵ʵʱõ֪Һܴһ֪ܴ˵ͻʽ顣˵ʵڲʽ顣ڵضȽϺá˵ꡣ

ʦ֣Цʲô
۰ڹټǲ𣿡
ԕDڰ˵һġ˵꣬־С
ۣȥټ˵˵ûô⡣
𣿡Ȼʦô˵ˣ԰ɡһعȥ˵˵ɡ
վʦ뵽ʱ丣۾Ҫ£ﳤ̾˿£˵
ۣʦָкú𣿡
аһֱţûȡԕD˵ţӻͳӡ
վʦصͷš
ԕDְӷŻػУشš
ʦ֣Ǽɡ
壬վʦԕD顣ڿʼҪԕDȨ֮
ԕDһ࣬ƴտվʦ̸Ķ
µʱԕDÿ˯ǰվʦѧϰ𷨡
վʦԕD𷨵ʱҲ˵˵ϡ
վʦѧϰ𷨣ԕDصԼķֳд𾭡дһʱͻȻ뵽վʦúӡ
ʦֲԵ޹ʵúӣѵҪ£
գһ磬ԕDʿվʦʦ֣ǲҪˣ
վʦԣû˵ĬĬؿԕD
վʦĬԕD֪¶ˣͷɵһɫòʦ֣γ𣬻֮𣿡Ϊ£ôֻһֿܣǾǲˡúõأоӡȵȣòԥһͻȻȣȻûˣ
վʦԕDɫӲ˼ٵ֣æοڣ㲻֮ǡ
û֮𣿡ԕDڵֱģʦ֣Ĳز𣿡
ᡣվʦ˵÷ǳƶ㲻زۣҪԵࡣ
ֻҪҪزۣԵ࣬Ҳ¡վʦ˵ô϶ԕDŲ΢ô㣬ҾҸԥһͻȻزˡ
ᣬ㲻زۡվʦ˵ģû뵽ԕDµˣеһ١
һ٣ԕDܻץص㣬ʦ֣м٣òٰɣ
ֻ٣ǵһ١վʦ͸ԕDһ񣬡û֮ǡ
ʦ֣˼ҵڶٻ֮ǣԕDæʵʦ֣ҵڶʲôʱ򣿡
վʦ˿ԕDĪ˵ʱͻ֪
ʦ֣ڲܸ𣿡
վʦԵй¶
ԕDʣʦ֣ҵĵڶҳ𣿡
վʦͷš
֪ڶڳԕDﳤһǻšȻڶڳ֮ʱõԼСʦ֣ôôడһоȻ١
վʦ˵콵㡣
ԕD˲׿վʦ˼뷭ۣһллү
Թɴ߶ҪĥѣҪɴµˣȻҪĥѡվʦԕDֺοɴ߶Ҫĥѣ󶼻׻뺦µǡ
ʦô˵ҾͷˡԕDȣִȵϥϣոջǽźµʱЩɵֻҪͺáʱȥ棬۷𷨡
ˡ
ʦ֣ǼɡȻˣͲõˡ
վʦЦؿԕDոջ£ھͲأ
ʦ֣㲻˵ôһʲôֻҪˣûʲôúµġ
㵹ǿÿվʦЦ
ʦ֣ҿҲûðԕDƲƲ˵ҿܱ𣿡˵꣬ʼ˵ⲻ˰ɣǾͺúýܰɣֻҪСûСĿ꣬Ǿǻꡣ
ܺáվʦϲԕD⸱ӣǼɡ
ǣʦ֡
ΣԕDûѧϰ£ѧʮͻعˡ
½Ӷӡʮûмӣĺܡ
ʱգúܣûжŰɡ
̿𣬷ǳů͡ԕD˿ڣʮ첻Щô˰ǲûкúŰ
ԼһãȻ˵𣿡
˰ԕDڵ㿴϶ûˣ˵Լûݡ
ҲӵСֲǰôģ۵˵ҲûжˣǲʱûгԺã
ԕD˺̧ԼСɵ
ûаϻкܶⰡĻʳܲÿٷԡ㲻Ҫתƻ⣬˵ǲûкúóԷ
ӹĻͷůůģø͡
ʱձȽæûʲôθڡ
æҲúúóԷԕḐڵôСӰ㿴ҶúóԷȴûкúóԷ
ӡѵЦݣǣԣӦúúóԷ
ҲϴСҪӵ㰡ԕD˵
ڱԕDⷬϳɡĻЦˣãԺġ˵꣬ͷ˲ӵС˵˵ʮվʦѧʲô
ԕDͦԼСţǽ˵Ҹ˵ѧ˲ٶ
ŶС飬ͰЦú˵˵ѧʲô
ʦֽҡ
ڻع·ϣԕDָͷǳϸظ˵ʮѧʲô
ڻﱧŶӣͷţϣ˵
ԕD˵ʮѧĶھͿ
ڵĿʣԕDһҲţǳػش
ÿοʶӶ飬Ӷشطǳãûʧǳˡ
ʮվʦѧ˲ٶܸˡ
ԕDһı顣
ǳӵСǼҕDDǴ
ǣҲ˭Ķӡ
ƨĵڷǳãǵĶӡ
ϳïʵڵЦпټÿο̫ӵ¶ǳˡϣҲֻ̫ӵùټá
صУԕDڸšжţڵθں˲١
ԕDŵʱһֱڼв˼⣬Ե㡣
ڰѶӸеĲ˺ȫˣҲӼ˲ٲˡ
ŵʱԕD˵˲顣
Ͷй£Щ»¹ԕD˺󣬾ͻ˵һ˵
˵ֲˡ
ÿ꺮߶ᰲȻССּģǷǳ
û˵صͷ
ǲ𣿡ԕDⲻγǮƽ
ӵСԴĳ˵ϣԺܹܡ
ԕDصصͷԺ϶ܡ
ʲô£
ǲҪ˰ԕDſӣСԴ˵ҿܶȥĺӸС
ԣҪˡЦÿǣкܶС
ҿа׷ԲԵȥԼСԕDŴƾٿϵ̬ȡ
в˲μӿƾٿԡڼһŽԼǳСĵĴ̣ͨϰ˵μӿƾٿΨһ˵;ǻһֱǿΪֹ
̫ˡ
ǰǳסڰ̵ιӵߡ
ԕDԹſ죬ȥ
㿴˼ҶŬ鿼ƾ٣ԺҲҪŬ
ԕDȥ˵ֲÿƾ١
ǲÿƾ٣ԺشҪȱ˸ӿ̿顣뵽ĸ˵Ҫѧ㲻úö顣
ںúö鰡һ뵽꿪ʼҪÿÿҹѧϰ徭ͷۡ
DDԡҨһιӵߡ
ԕDԹ쿪ҲȰ
ãҲȡιһԼٺһ
ιӺǱ߶գڴӻóظӲ˲ǡ
DDԱ𣿡
ԱˣԱ𣿡
ҲԱˡ
վһԵïʵ˵̫ӵµĸټ˲ٷʳʱգټҵθһֱ̫ãÿٷͳһСڡķʳҲûùټҶԡ
ڵһïʵ졣
ٳһ㡣ԕDïʵʹһïʵ⣬ʢһ뷹ǴˣܸһСӳԵһ࣬öһ㡣
ԕDֽӹïʵոʢõһ뷹Ըڼвˡ󣬵ݸڣ÷ǳǿӲ˵ð뷹ꡣ
ԱˣԲȥˡ
ҪιԷ𣿡ԕDգգ˵ԭǸСӰԷҪι˵꣬ߣӣιԷ
ðιԷ
û뵽ڻҪιԣԕDҨһ׷ˣݵͣ졣
ڷǳϵſ죬Ѷιߵķ˳ȥ
ԕDһιڳԷһһ߶
ôˣôúóԷ
Ц˵ԺҪǕDDιԷһԹԳԷ
ðԺᾭιԷ
û뵽ӻӦкǲ죬ܿбһƬ
DDιԷ鷳𣿡
ԕḐֵؿڣΪʲôҪ鷳˵꣬Ҩһ׷ιڵҲǾιҳԷôιԷҲӦõİ
ڱ˵ġˣǕDD֪
ҵȻ֪ԕDǽ˵
֪ǕDD
ԕD佱Ȼ÷ǳࣺ㲻ҪΪƨͿԲԷҸ㣬뷹Է
úúãһԹ԰뷹ꡣֳ˵
һԵïʵ̫ӵιټҳԷһĻֻʮů
ԕDιʳ£ڽ˰뷹
ڳ꣬ԕD֣ʾͷ
ذͷͷͱġ
ԕDһͷһؿ޵ԡһķ
ͷʧЦֱѶӱ
DDǵĺöӡ
ԕDС˲ڵǕDDĺõ
ŶССӣŶϵζǰδе㡣
ȥɢʳںþûгô෹ʳһʱЩˡ
ð
ûдԕDȥ԰ɢڸĸߡ
һԕDͷˣ˫֣
ڶһѱӣĺ󱳡
ˣ
ԕD˫ֱڵĲӣ°͵ļϣŴŴ˵ˡ
ȥ˯
ԕD˸Ƿʵ˯𣿡
õ˯
ԕDͷڵľز˲䣺롣
һĶҪӲ仯ˣã˯
ص޵ڵĴ䣬ϾûůԕDſؿ˯
ԕDſȴůϣûһ˯ˡ
ڵͷ˯ˣҶ°ѶŪѡŶڴϡǱԕD˯⴫ȾûҲ˯ˡ
ïʵŵ˽ںԕDһ˯ˣ۵׻һĨЦ⡣ǰǸҴñǡ
ƽʱû˯ϰߣ˯˰ʱˡ󣬷Լ߶һ˫Ѿӣ£εЦˡ׼ÿӵһ˫Сŵʱ°ͻȻӵһ˫Сˡţֱ˼š
˯ڼŵԕDӣһ˫СѾӴŲˡ
ŷֶ˯ߵˡ˯֮ǰԕDɵſؿ˯һԕDؿϵȥͷСϡ
⺢˯ôôʵ
ڲҳ鿪ԼСȣŶӵСԴرӣöӼſؿ˯
ԕD˲ؿڣ漴졣
û𴲣ŶڴϷ
ԕDһֱ˯δʱĩѣͺڴϷ
ڴһӳ˵ġ
ģھʹԕDȥ
ܻʺһֱԕD
һԕD˵ˣҪóԵĸӡ
һ뿪ˡǰ߲ܻʺϻš
ҪȥԕDóԵģһҲ뿪ˡ
ܻʺԕDϸؿ˿Ӿɫˡ
ȲܻʺʣԕDذʮµѧϰ״״һһʮظ˵ˡ
݋ݣúõһġ
ʲô
Ҫ齨Լһ֧ӵ飬Ǳܼ飬Ĳܼҵ顣ȻԕD˵Щ飬ûһ͸˵Ҫȸܻʺ˵һ݋ݣǵ˵ģʱỳ㰲ŵġ
ܻʺ˵ôټ˵ܼҵ飿
ʵʵ˵¡
Ӧ֪һֱɵܼҡ
֪ԲҪ˵ԕDץסܻʺ֣Сǳ棬݋ݣҳˣǻ˵ܼҵģǻھ˵
ȻˣǾȥټ˵ɡܻʺԕDļ˵Ћ݋ڣͷĵȥټ˵
вܻʺ仰͹ˡ
ԕD˽ĻЋ݋ڣʲô¡˵꣬뵽ĵһ٣ɫԥ֪òø݋˵
ܻʺһֹı飬ʵôˣ
݋ݣʦ˵ѡ
ԕDĻû˵꣬ͱܻʺϣ˵ʲô
ʦ˵ѡԕDһϸظܻʺ˵ˡ
ܻʺ˺ɫò԰ףһ˫ĵǲ
վʦ˵û£
ʦ˵ҲǻЩࡣܻʺǣԕDץסܻʺ֣ο݋ݣЩûʲôֻҪͺá
ܻʺְѶرڻ׶ӵĶͷ݋᲻Կࡣ
݋ݣʦ˵Ҫɴµˣ϶һЩĥѡԕDܻʺ݋ݣʦ˵Ҳģ㲻Ҫ̫ġ
ûл֮𣿡ܻʺǳ̲
ʦָҵӾǻ֮ԕD˵ʦ˵ֻҪӾܷ׻
վʦû˵ʲôʱ򣿡
ԕDҡҡͷ˵ʦû˵Ͼй¶ԕD˲ܻʺûиĵһڶ֮
ܻʺܽܶӳ£գҾȥʿվʦ
݋ݣҲûãʦֲġԕD˵ʦҪܸң͸ˡ
݋ݲؿ°
݋ݣҲµġܻʺôԕDЩڸˡǣߵĻʱҪǳ£݋һڸֲ̿ӱµġ
ܻʺԕDؿڣDDһӡ
݋ݷģһֱúôšԕDֱסܻʺ󣬡݋ݣҲµġ
ܻʺһǿԼ侲ţ㲻µġڲܻţȻȕDD£Ҫô졣
݋ݣûиߵҲҪԕDԭڣھ̫ãʹ˸Ĵ㡣ŵ
ãҲ߹ټҡ
݋ݣ£Ҳµġ
݋Ҳ¡ֻЕDDһӣүҪӣҲá
ԕDתƻʵ݋ݣʮշʲô飬ôŵ˲٣
ϵ飬߾̫
ߵ𣿡
ܻʺ΢΢ףÿ궬죬߶ЩأԹټЩġ
ֲҸɿսʲôǸǮ𡣡
ܻʺֵ¶ӵĶͷԺ˵⻰˵꣬˵ҪǮҲô͵ġ
݋ݣҲ¡ԴǮһ²Ȥֻҵ˵ܼҵ顣
á
݋ݣ˵ɡ
У݋͸˵
ǰܻʺһֱڸԕD˵ֱŲͣ
ڸܻʺ󣬻ԕDһһٷǳܰšţںͲܻʺ壬ԕDһԿ壬ʱʱ䵱˵ľʦ
ܻʺһھ֡顣
ʱĩԕD׼ʱ˯ˡ˯Ժʱ򣬸оԼһ䣬һȡҪôҲۡ


37 
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ô
ʦֲŸ˵н, нˣ
Ÿջصͳ£ҪҪôѸ٣
Уõ, һ׶ûУΪʲôͻȻᷢհ
Īطոò֮ǰԥһɣ
ԕDԺţ̫ˡ, Ϊʲô۾Ϊʲôһ
ٲг˷, Ҫһϰղ, Ҳջˡ
ԕDоȫǱǦƵ, һ㶼ܶ
ʦ˵ӱ, ֮ǡ
ԕDοԼ, Ȼ͵סڵķȣ˯˹ȥ
ʧȥʶ֮ǰ, ԕDĬĬᱻճɵӡ
һ̫Ҫճɵ, ϶˻̫ӡһɵӻ, ȻԺӿ϶ù
޵, ܻʺȻоѹ
, ˯úܲ, һֱԕDѡȻԕDһֱο˵û£㷲
ܻʺ, кǾ̲, ޷˯ȥһ˯˯ڣ漴, С˴
ſ, ʺͻȻ·, ΢΢£æʵôˣ
ܻʺԽ̻̲ȥDD
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ܻʺûȴõƣͽµĵƹȥԕDķ䡣
ԕDķڲܻʺ޵ĸڵĸڡܻʺͻȻƿ߽ڴ˯ŵԪؾˡ
˭Ͻŵǲܻʺæȴܻʺֹ̧ˡ
ܻʺߵߣӽüͷɫͨ죬ǳʹ࣬ͷ͵һ
æȥӵСԕDϵ¶֣ʱʧɫԪش˵ȥ̫ҽ
ԪظոձѣԺģǱܻʺһŵóˡ
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񣡡
ܻʺд󾪣Ͻ˽
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̫ӵ·ˣ񾪵£ܿͻع˵ūȥ
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۲ܻʺôУԕDһ㷴ӦûС
ܻʺ뵽ԕD˵ĽѣбԽֲ̿
DD㲻Ҫŋ݋ݡ
Ķǳ죬ûһͶһˮ
ܻʺ˫ַнʪĽ΢΢š£ŽԕD˲ͷ˲ֲ˲˫֡
Сźܻʺ󣬴ûмܻʺ˺²ģæο̫ӵ²µġ
ԣDDµġܻʺ仰˵Լ
Ȳģܻʺ׼⿪ԕD·ȫڸԕD⿪·ʱ˫ֶҲûн⿪
״ǰ˵ūɡ˵꣬ٵؽ⿪ԕD·ָС̫ӵ¹̵ʹʱеôộ
ܻʺ˻ô˵һԣŽʪĽӲȫ
ԭΪ̫ӵֻͨȣû뵽̫ӵ·ȵôѹֻʺôµģ
ܻʺɫףǳءС󣬲ܻʺ󲻹ʲô飬ܱ򶨣Ǵʱȫʧȥ侲
̫ҽԪһ·קȵ̫ҽ۵˿飬׼ܻʺ񣬱ܻʺֹˡ
Ͽ̫Ӱ
ǡ̫ҽִ̫ӵµϡָ̫ӵµ󣬱̫ӵµ¶ŵˣôộʱó
ܻʺվһԣŵص̫ҽ
ʱڵ޵ԺִûвܻʺӰ
ʺ󣿡ɻƻͨһֲõԤУæƿ´
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뵽Ƕӵ޵һæ˹ȥ
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ʲôڴʧɫ漴æ߽ڡʺ󣬕DDôˣ
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аǣ뵽ԥ¡
ܻʺҲ뵽ԥǰһѣ
æַסܻʺ󣬡
ܻʺһǿԼ侲ǣ΢΢̫ҽҲʲô취һҪ̫ȣ֪𣿡
ȥ̫ҽ޽ɫǳѿ˫ֽճȭͷβ̫ӣͷ
̫ҽڵϣŵɪɪǣټҡ
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ڽ˺üԕDһ㷴ӦûС
ܻʺԴٴηԸȥ׼ˮ
ǣĶǳ죬ûһֶһˮ
ܻʺ׼ٴθӲӣȴ뱻ˡ
ʺ
ڴӲܻʺӹմʪĽСظӲöͷС󡢲ӡ˫֡
ټңҲҪá
ڽ⿪ԕD·ǳذѶȫÿһһ顣
ܻʺˮµģ˵ټңٲһ顣
áϸϸظԕDһӡ
ԕDӣڸоϵȶ΢˵㡣
ټңһ̺ٲܻʺȻʮĻŲǲûʧȥǡ֪ԽʱԽʧȥ侲
áΪ̫ԕDʱʧȥ˷ִ硣ܻʺôô
һ̫ҽԺ̫ҽˡڽûֵ̫ҽѾȥˡ
̫ҽһ̫ӵǷаǵµķȣǰԥһзǳ̿֡
ǰûоԥپȲ̫ӵ£ټһῳǵԴôһҪ뾡̫ӵȡ
ڴߣһֱŶһ˫̵С֡
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ǣټҡ̫ҽǾһۺڿһȵķӡ
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ܻʺֽӹҩ룬ڴߵ˵ټң㱧DDιDDҩ
áڶǳرԕDöؿĻ
ܻʺڴߣҨһҩ˴һҩֻЩִ̣˴ֳһҩֲˣιӺȡ
˯еԕDΪ̫ʹ࣬üͷ͡
ܻʺӽ޷ҩ˵ټң󿪕DD졣
ְѶӵС͸ˡ
ܻʺϽҩιӵ
˯еԕDоһζܵذ͵Ŀҩ˳ȥ
ܻʺæ˲ӵǣټң᳼檰ҩιDD̧DD°͵ģҩȥ
ڵͷ漴ٴ󿪶ӵС͡
ܻʺָϽҩιӵԕDҩ³֮ǰæ̧°ͣҩȥ
УԕDоһζüͷøϵıøʹࡣ
ڵ£ܻʺιӺһҩ
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ӱ룬һǻһǱ
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̫ӽۣôһ£
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ۡеԕDһֱʶؽۣۡۡ
һؽۣںͲܻʺżۡ
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̫ҽǼŭľս
ټңֻһֹۡ
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ġ
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ںͲܻʺ˵һԣ̫ҽǸԕDģۡ
ܻʺϲ|˲룬ٿȥƲͷȥĵᡣ
ְѲܻʺذοDDµģ仰˵ܻʺҲ˵Լ
ܻʺ޲öĲʹϡ
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ԣDDµġȫ룬˫۶ˡ
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ǸոպȵҩãԕDʼð
ںͲܻʺ״ͬʱ¶һĨϲֻҪðȡ
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ܻʺڴߣְԕDӣڶӵؿϡ
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˰ҹ̫ҽȵķӶûԕDȡ
ïʵ˸糯ʱԥ£Ǿڡ
糯ǣղϳ
ǣټҡïʵ˳
ĴڴԱߵƫϳ
ïʵ˽ȸλ˸˵λ๫ղ糯
⻰׷¶Ծɫ
ǰʵټôˣǲ岻ôټҴ᲻糯ǲˣҲǿ糯ôˣټѵòʡ£
һ仰Ƿ׷¶Ĺеɫ
ټ
ǹټң̫ӵ²ˡïʵüͷ˵ҹ̫ӵºȻȣֱ̫ӵ»ûȣټҺͻʺһֱ̫ӵµߡ
ʲô̫ӵ²ˣ
̫ӵºȻȣ
̫ҽô£ôû̫ӵȣ
һ̫ӵ²˷ȣǸӵˡ
λ๫ղϳλذɡ˵꣬ïʵͼææ뿪ˡ

̫࣬ӵ²ˣǺã
ٴͻȻ뵽ǰԥǳ
̫࣬ӵ²ԥ
λ󳼵Ļû˵꣬ͱϣģ̫ӵ²ԥԲµġ
˵öԣ̫ӵ²ԥԲµġ
λǻȻȥɡڹҲﲻæ
뿪˴ƫڳ·ϣǶǳ̫ӵµĲ顣
ݺ͸ŵ֪̫ӵҹһ¡뵽Ķԥ˹ȥ
շǳѹ֣ÿ˵ı鶼ǳء
ܻʺӳٳٲȣòôȥ
ټңȥվʦ
ܻʺᵽվʦ˫۶ʱһǿϣһ
ãϾȥվʦ˵꣬ͶïʵԸȥվʦ
ǣټҡ
վʦΡ
Σͼïʵˡ
ïʵ׼˵ʲôվʦ˵
ïʵ£æվʦΪ˾վʦïʵӻʳ˾ƥһƥãһƥǸվʦġ
ԕDҹһֱûһֱȣһֱۣܻʺڷǳۡ
ݴŸȥ˷ãԕD
ͷصؿڵϣԕDƽ¡ԸԼ̫ӵƽ¡
һ߸ͷһ߿ԕDû¡
㱣ӕDDƽ¡ءҪDDһԺúö飬£һҪӕDDû¡˵꣬صؿһͷ
ݺ͸ͷˣ˵϶Ѫǣ˺⣬
Ų˸ոţʱԺɢ
ٰ׼ҴҵһŵŲˣ̫ӵ³ˡ
̫ӳʲô飿ŲĮʵ
ҹ̫ӵͻȻȣֱڻûȣҶ˵̫ӵ¸ǰԥһֻǡ
Ų˺ȻЦЦЩ
ٰױŲ˵ĴЦŵˣЩµʵӣЦʲô
ŲϲõЦݵضٰ˵ЦǱӦӦ
ٰ׼ŲЦЩ񲣬кǾ塣ӲͷƤʵӣʲôӦ
ǲıӦŲЦЩʮֿ£ݺҺͲ⵽Ӧۣ
ٰŲ⸱ģԽֲ
Ų˺ȻȻͦŴӣӲ׾෴ɡ
һ裬һ߿ĵشЦۣۡ
ٰװңû󣬲Ȼⷬһټңʱټһӵ
Ųһ裬ֳС
ٰվһԼŲô˵質СĿֻԽԽ
ԴӱԽĹŹ֡ǰһϲЦտһ̾ͷһˤֹˣЦЦžͿˣſžЦˡ
ӻʺ̫ӵ£Ļʮ
Ϊ񣬹ûʺ̫ӵ´̼ӣȴԽԽ޻ʺ̫ӵ£޲ûʺ̫ӵ¶
ʱգӱԽԽŹ֣ﲻ֪߶ʲôУÿ˯ǰЦЦ÷ǳɭ˲ëȻ
Դӱ󣬹ټһֱûֵԭ
ȻɢųͦŴӣ˻Ǹǰһж˼ֹ졣
̫Ҫˡ̫ҪˡŲ˻سš
ٰŲ˳ʣŵõæǰȥȰ裺ӣڳʲô
̫Ҫˡ̫ˡ̫ҪˡҵĶӾҪΪ̫ˡҵ˻ʺҪ
ӣҪٳˡٰױŲ˵ĺŵĳʣŵûɢӣҪٳˡ
Ųûٰ׵Ļϲسš
ٰ׵ĻᱻֻסŲ˵죬ٳ
ס͵Ųˣ۵׻һĨ漴ſݺݵҧסٰ׵֡
ٰ۵ôӡū澴ˣū澡
Ųҧٰ׵ֲţеɫԽԽݣϵЦҲԽԽŤ
ֱٰ׵ֱҧѪŲɿ졣ͷңɫ԰ף촽Ϊմٰ׵Ѫʮֵʺ죬Ǳ߹ŹЦݡ
ٰױŲ⸱ұܵģŵˣӡ
Ų˺Ȼյٰ׵ǰߵѪٰһЦҽˣ㲻Ҫɨҵ£֪𣿡
Ƿǳٰ׵Ķȴʮֿɲˡ
ū澡֪
Ųٰ׵СЦӯӯ˵̫ǲǺ£
ٰ׸оԼһضţӲͷսս˵ǡ
ŲմȾѪĺ촽һЦЦ÷ǳȻͬʱַǳɭ䣺Źԡ˵꣬վֱӣּ衣
ٰҲ̲ס˫ȷصڵϡ
̫ˣ
̫ˣ
Ųһͻصڣױǰױ硣ͭԼʺѪ˫ǳ⣬Цˡ
ٰǿľ£ŵ˽
ӣҪױ𣿡
Ų˻ͷٰףٰŵֱӡ
ˣȥ֡Ų˵ţӳóһСҩƿҩ
ٰ˫΢΢ؽӹŲ˵ݸҩƿлӡ
ȥɡ
ǣӡٰ˳˫һˤڵϡոʮֿ¡ԽԽˡ
ŲױǰСüۡͿ֬ױ˲
ԾԼЦЦǺܿϵЦݾʧһƬȡ
Ųʯ죬׺ݵԼϻԭµһ˲ɭɲ
ƺǳ⣬Цˣʯһ
ٰ״ϵ˿ڻʱ˵ŵò
ӣ
ŲԼЦ÷ǳã𣿡
ٰ׾סˣؿŲˡ
ٰף𣿡Ų˵ֱɭ
ֻٰͷƤ飬Ұһؿڣ
Ųشǳ⣺Ҳ
ӡ?
Ųڴϣٰ׻˻֣ʾȥ
ٰײ˵ʲôֻܹԹԵȥ
վʦѾˡ
ӻóһɫҩƿȡһҩ裬ιԕD
ʦDD£𣿡ڼеʵ
ټңҩøȡ
վʦĻû˵꣬ںͲܻʺ˺˵϶¶ϲɫǣվʦĻȴϵЦݽס
ټңĵҩα겻α
ʦ⻰ʲô˼
ܻʺšüͷʵʦʲôα겻α
ĵҩøȣǺܿ츣ֻᷢȡվʦ̾˿˵۲Ƿаǡ
Ƿаǣܻʺæʵʲô
վʦŲܻʺû˵
ڽʵʦDDǷаǣʲô
ܻʺվʦĬؿ˵Ȼ뵽ʲôɫþŵ˵ʦ˵DD
վʦܻʺµ΢΢ͷ
׹ܻ֮ʺҧгݵ˵׹֮DD
һţ׹֮DD
øȣҪαվʦܶ˵
ܻʺѾµ˭˵飬Ҳ飬һĲ飡ǰѹоߣҲҪҲ鵽
ǣïʵȥڹһѲ顣
Ҳµ˭ˣš
ܵģܵģ
ܻʺһŵģ֪µ˭ˡһԽܵı飬һƬ䡣
ټңнֹʹ׹֮׹֮DDĿġŲˣΪǣŲˣ
˵ʺ˵öԣġ
¿վʦҩûһԕDˡ
ۡ
DD
ܻʺڼæߵߣ˵¶ϲɫ
ˮ
ܻʺ˺󣬼æһˮظվʦ
վʦףСĵιԕDˮ
ԕD¼ˮоЩգգۣãȻؿſվʦʦ֣
ʦ֡վʦԕDСڸоô
ԕDӻǻģʱûʲô顣
ܡۡ
ۣ
ԕD˵ȫۡ˵꣬죬ؿվʦʦ֣϶ӣۡ
վʦοϾͲˡ
𣿡
ġ
ðɣ̡
ܻʺӵĻгʢŭ
݋ݡ
ӽܻʺæȥ۵׵𺡣ߵߣ||ԕDЦЦDD݋ڡ
ԕDزܻʺЦЦ݋ݣҲµġ㲻Ҫġ
ܻʺ˫ۣʵ˵ţ㲻µģ݋Ҳ¡

ߵߣ۵ؿŶӣڡ
ҲҪġԕDĻû˵ֻ꣬˯˹ȥ
DDDDDDڽĵʵʦDDôˣ
˯˹ȥվʦۣӺ˵꣬ǵʱ֮ǡ
վʦô˵㰲ЩǼôʹ࣬ʮۣʮֺڡ
ȥѹһ䶼ܷŹһҪҵ׹֮Ļ֮ˡϣٶġ
ǣټҡ
ܻʺЦһ
վʦԕDĴߣ
УԕDԼԼѭ˹ȥߵһ¡
һϺУľ
ԕD˿Ϻһ
ԭ۵÷ǳӣȻûôˡԕDһϲϵظϺо
֪˶ãһֱľоϺкȻͣ
֪Ϊڴˣ
ʦֵ
Ǵʦ𣿡ʦ֣˭
Լģ̫ӵ¡
ԕDһȣ֪̫ӣ
Ȼ֪һ֪һǧ󡣡
㶼֪ԕDԾ£뵽ʲôɫþҲ˰ɣʦֲ˵ô
û
ԕDˣ̧Լؿڣûͺá
㲻㡭
ʲô
ûʲô̫ӵ¼оɡ
Ϻ˵껰󣬼оԕDʲôҲʲô
ˣǼɣͲˡ
ʱïʵ


38 
, ôˣٰ׼ïʵˣкǻϲæӭȥ, ǲǹټʲôԸïʵ˲̺ŵöʱס졣
ҷټ֮󡣡ïʵޱ˵Ųأ
󣿡ٰŵɫˢһ±ò԰, һƬ֣ΪҪ󣿡
ҷټ֮ȫ, ȻҲҪïʵٴʵŲأ
ϢھȥٰͨоŲѣײײܽڵӣˡŲһʢװ磬ɵס, ӣǡӸոհԼһʮֿɭôһתְԼطǳƯ
ŲԼոջõױ, Цӯӯٰף𣿡
ٰ״ص˵ͷ, ǳĲ˵, ˵ò, ӾǹŮˡžĴŲ, ٰһ˲ʧ񡣡ӣˡ
Ų⻰, ЦһЦ, ĵʢ, ʮֵĽ޻ٰƲۡ
ٰ²Żعæӣˣˡ
Ų⻰ǳƽЩģѰɡ
ٰ㶣ôһҲֵǣӺ񻹺ܸ˱ѹ
Ų˼ٰԭأüͷȥ
ٰ׻عææ˳ȥ
ѡ
ïʵԭΪŲ˻ٰû뵽Ų˾Ȼô״Ӧˣ̫ˣѵŲ޹ģ
ѡ
ïʵ̺˽ȥʼ
ïʵٰ˵ÿطҪѣŲ˵޹
ٰ۾㵣С¶ɫ
ū͸˵
ŲƲ
ٰ׼ȥŲ飬ŲԼˡ
ïʵǿʢװŲˣɵػ
С˼ŲˡïʵȻعؾصŲ
ض񡣡Ų˵ǳºͣȻټ֮ѹǾѰɡ
лŲ¡ïʵȻЩŲ˴󷽵̬ȣǲûеģ漴Լ߽Ų˵޹
ŲǳԵãһûбѹĻҺͲվߵٰ㷲
ïʵŲ˵ķ䣬ѵ÷ǳϸһطŹǴס
ܿ죬ïʵڴҵ׹ޡ׹д̫ӵµֹ֡ˣ׹޲ȫ룬һѪȾ˺ɫʮֵѪȡ
ïʵѪȿɲ׹ҲëȻ
ȻŲˣ
⵽ж̫ӵ£ŻôѪȵ׹ޣ
ѹ̫ӵ²ڣ
ǿվʦֻŲ˵Ļɹʱ̫ӵ¡
̫ӵ²꣬Ų˾Ȼôֶı̫ӵ£ǡ̫ݶˣ
ïʵһ̺Ҳ׹ŵˣŵͷƤ顣
ïʵ׹ȥŲˣûпڣŲ˵ҵ˰
Ųˣнֹʹ׹֮㾹ʹ׹̫֮ӵ£ïʵƽմǷǳº񣬵Ǵ˿ȴǳ
ٰ׿ïʵе׹ޣֱŵ̱ڵϡ
Ų˶ϣĿǳƽؿïʵ
Ȼҵˣǻȥټҡ
ïʵ⻰ԽŲ˵̬ȹŹ֡û˵ʲôֱӴ̺뿪
ƽʱŲûʧ裬ïʵʧ񡣿ǣղűŲ˵Ķˣһʱߡ
ïʵ뿪ŲܺõغС
ٰ̱ڵϣؿܺõŲˡ
ӣΪҪʱգԽ죬ԭΪ׹ޡ
Ų˵ͷٰײһЦΪҲܼټҰ
ٰԣԲ˫ۣĲš
ӾȻΪ˼ټ治Ƿˣķˣ
ŲֳЦ˵Ҫټˡ
ˣ
ķˣ
ٰɪɪڵϣĵľ
ںͲܻʺڵïʵѹ
ïʵˣæѯʣҵ𣿡
عټҵĻҵˡïʵѻѪϸ׹޵ݸڡ
ڱŵˣ⡭
ܻʺïʵù׹ޣ׹дӵ֣ȫز롣׹޵ŵŨŨѪζ
˭ô̫ӣ˭ܻʺʵ
ŲˣСŲ˵Ĵѵ׹ޡ
⻰һŵı顣
ܻʺͲµŲˣû뵽Ų˻˺ݶ
Ȼ˵꣬ؿڡټңŲݶֶı̫ӣǻһ˿ڣܻʺֻھᵶȥŲˡ
ŭ˵޾˵꣬ïʵ˵ҪΪʲôҪı̫ӣڿܻʺɫ˵ģ޾
ܻʺ̫ڣ˵ϣټ˵Ųˣܻʺưոݡ
ܻʺô˵΢΢£˵޾ڸղŵ֪Ųʹ׹֮ڲţЩܽܡһֱĵŲ˾Ȼô顣ŲˣҪԕDD飬ȴ˺ֶıDD
ܻʺ뿴ŲˣȻԼƲסǰɱ
ټңӭ񶾵Ůˣ㻹ȥɡ
ܻʺ飬úչ˕DDȥȥ˵꣬ïʵ˵ȥ󡣡
վʱ΢΢£ŲЩġ
ܻʺ󿴵һĻֻһƬĳûڣתѰҿվʦվʦ׹ޡ
վʦѪϸ׹ޣ˵һӷ𡱣Ե׹ˣһ𾭡
׹ճɵĻұͲҡ
ʦͿ𣿡ܻʺ󲻷ĵʵ
ˣۻҪһӡվʦ̾һ˵׹̫˸ۣҪúһʱղܺá
ܻʺԣŵʵʦ᲻˕DDӣ
ᣬ׹̫ݶ
ܻʺһƬɱ⣬վʦˣæοʺﲻ̫ģۺúһʱվͻá
ʦDDúӲ²ɣܻʺĵľǶκ˺󣬻ӱ
Ԫˣ˺ЩǺúõص󣬻ǰվʦܻʺĵǣοĻúø۵ӣʺﲻ̫ġ
˿վʦ仰ܻʺࡣǳ֣صվʦ˸񣺡лʦ
ʺﲻôĵʦܣǷĵӣĻչ˺վʦǲԕDµġ
DDܳΪʦʦܣĸҺпվʦڣȻΕDDֻ»׶༪١
ĵĸվʦüĿЦЦʺӦÿˣȥˡ
ʦأҪ𣿡
ʱߣȥ۰ɡ
ʦϢ¡ܻʺѴ˹ôʦȥƫȲϢ
ܻʺصԕD޵ڣڴŶӵС֣Ŷ
˯еԕDȻȫˣҲӯ١ܲ۾û뵽ɵؾ֮ۡǰƤӾˮຸסһôû뵽һӾˡ
ܻʺˣϲDD
ԕDãȻؿܻʺӻԺġ
݋ݣ
ܻʺϲŶӵС֣݋ڣ݋ڡܻʺһ߿ޣһЦ
݋ݣôأԕḐֲܻʺϵˮԼһûС݋ݣ㲻ҪްҲ޵ġ
ã݋ݲޡܻʺæֲ˲ϵˮDDڸоôۣ
ˡԕD˵ﶼˣǻ
ܻʺ󲻷ĵʵĲ𣿡
ţˡǻǺܡ
ܻʺӵС۵˵ܣﲻ𣿡
ûˡԕDŴŴ˵݋ݣǺ𣿡ûˣѵˣ
ܻʺ΢΢ףˣҪú
݋ݣûзˣͲҪˡһúúҩԼ
ôɵĻܻʺ˫ʪ|ˣ݋֪DDԡ
݋ݣҺۣ˯
˯ɡ
ԕD˵껰ٴ˳˯
ܻʺڴߣŶӡһϸҲñӣվȥ
ʦDDոˣ˯ˡܻʺضԿվʦ˵վʦDD
á
վʦϸظԕD˰Բܻʺ˵۵ƽȣӺҪúͿҩ
鷳ʦˡ
ʺˡ
վʦдҩһ١ʮٸۻҩ
лʦܻʺӹҩһۣظھȥץҩҩ
Ųڰˡ
ڿʢװŲˣɵ£漴
Ų˿˸񣺡ٶټҡ
⸱ģûյĻϲĵķŭ
ŲûڽԼһټңˡ
Ų˾ûһеŭʢ̧׼ǿ¡ĶӣͣڿС
Ų˿ֵ̧ĶƯţټңҪң˵꣬۽Ǿᣬ滨꿴ټң㾹ȻҪң
Ų⸱ģǵۣǴʱֻзŭ
޲ô𣿡ѹŭ䣬㻳У޺޲ɱ㡣
Ų⻰·˺ܴĴ΢΢£Ŀ𾪵ؿڣټңҪɱң
޲ɱ𣿡Ҳ̲ס٣㾹׹̫֮ӣ֮ǰж谮ŲˣôھжŲˡܽԼһֱ۰ĳȻһޱȵŮˡ
ټҲҡ
Ų⻰˵Ƶᣬڶȴ羪ס
˵ʲô
ŲӯӯЦټҲңҺþûмټˣǹټȴٳٲҡ
ԽܣΪ㣬ʹ׹̫֮ӣ
Ų˷ǳ󷽵صͷǰ֪ټ̫ӣֻ̫ӳ£ټŻҡ
ž˫ֽȭͷǿԼҪȥŲˡ
ټңΪʲôңѵ㲻ңҪ𣿡Ųһᣬһ߰Թؿߣ֮ǰҵϲǼٵ𣿡
ؿۣɫ÷ǳѿ
٣𣿡
ټңǷˣǹټҷġŲ˵ɫ𽥱ŤΪʲôŲǸ˵ĻҲûаңΪʲôҪͷΪʲôҪң
׿ڳҢľ֣㻹ϣǿؿڵʹ˵ҢĴɢҥ˵»ӣʱµĻӽȡDDΪ̫ӣҲȡΪʺǲǣ
ѵ𣿡Ų˺Ȼеټ˵ϣΪ»ӣѵҪǵĶӳΪ̫𣿡
޸˵DDǴε̫ӣǴεĴκ˶˺
ΪʲôŲɫؽеټΪʲôôĶӣԼؿ˵ټңǰҵģǵĶӲӦ̫ӣǲĶӡ
޸˵̫ǵӣǳӡ˵ŲΪ»ΪģѹDDǴε̫ӣκ˺DD޴ˣ޲ó㣬еҰġ
Ų˵ټңǲǲĶӱҪ
ǣҪ˵У̫ӱκ˶Ҫ
ȲҪҪ𣿡ŲһƬ𺣬ضڿ̫ӱȲҪҪ𣿡
̫ӱȻʺҪ࣬̫ӱκ˶ҪҪ
ΪʲôŲ˲ĵغټң㲻ǰҵ㲻˵Ҫ𣿡
εĽɽΪҪû뵽һŲ˾Ȼ޴뷨̫ǴεĴ¹شεĽɽ̫ΪҪ㣬ǻʺ󣬻˶û̫Ҫ
Ų˲ܽ˵Ӿҵҡ£˵ڵϡ
ΪڹټҪˣû뵽
ھӸµؿ̱ڵŲˣһֱǸˣ֪ԼҪʲôҪʲôû뵽㡭˵ؿһʹ
ټңûаңŲִֵضڣǰҵ궼𣿡
û˵ؿŲˡ
ټңûаңŲ˷˷Ƶں㵽ûаң
ԸԼûа뵽ΪԼŲˣԕDزۣʮֺڡ
ټңûаңŲ˹ִʵ㵽ûаң
ǿؿڵĽʹޱ˵ûС
䡰ûСŲ˲ŵصڣƭңǰҵģ𣿡
һһ¶ȶûУûС
ŲͻȻشЦЦǳ
ԭ顭
Ų˺Ȼӣûյİ谮ϧûٿһۣת뿪
߳ڶߵïʵ˵ŲΪˣ»ӣŹŹ乬
ǣټҡ
ﴫŲ˷ĴЦïʵ﷢ë
ïʵڵǰģæǰסڡ
ټңû°ɣ
ڶïʵ˰֣û¡
ïʵڵɫѿЩǣټңû𣿡
û¡ڻӿïʵ֣ȥ
ǡ
һͻȻߵïʵǲһǳ޴飿
ټָŲ𣿡
ǣдǶ޲̫谮ȴᣬƽ⡣һ˵֪˲޴ˣ޴ش
ټңֻǱɱˡïʵڸոּŲΪˣӦٳƺΪˡ
޼ޣһƬģȫĵޣ޲Ż۰ڴûٵ۰һ£㺦Լ۰ĶӡΪ޼ɵʺԲϲʺ֪ʻʺΪ̫ӣϲ̫ӣǿ̫ǴεĴκ˶̫Ӳ飬ûмס޵Ļ
ïʵ˵ټңԼҪͼı졣
еҰġзǳ𣬡ǿվʦDDΪزۡޡһ뵽ΪҪزۣԽʹһѪӿϺۡ
ټңïʵںȻѪŵôʧɫ̫ҽ
û¡ڴӻó˲ߵѪ
ټңѪˣôû£ïʵһǣǽ̫ҽ
ãֻǼġڳҪκˡ
ټң
ؿïʵ𣿡
ïʵҪȰ˵ʲôû˵ǣټҡ
æʲܻʺ󣺡DDôˣ
ܻʺ˿ڣһĮ˵վʦ׹ޣDDѾˡ
˺˲٣˾ͺã˾ͺá
ټңDDȻˣû֮ǣǕDD׹޺Ԫˣܳһʱաܻʺ֪ӲǱںãǸѲ˹ϵ谮ŲˣŲôʹ׹DDվʦ˵DDҪúõһʱա
޵Ĵ
ټңδŲˣ
ѱΪˣºӣʹŹ
ܻʺͻȻ̫ˡ
ϣټҲҪٴ乬乬ܾĥõĳͷܻʺڻ᲻Ҫٵ
ʵڲ᲻ҪٵһʴȣԷ˴һʹ֮ǰıңûҪǵ
޲֪ܻʺڹûŭ
ټңDDѾûˣȥϢɡܻʺ󲢲ڹڣ뿴ڡ
Ȼܻʺ˼ֻߡ
޲ۣŕDD˵꣬һ۲ܻʺ󣬡ʺҪˣȥϢɡ
檲ܻۡʺڲߣҲ˵ʲô
ʱҩ
ܻʺֽӹҩ󣬾ͼڱӣ󿪶ӵС͡û˵꣬Ҩһҩ˴ιӵ
ڷǳϵ̧ӵ°ͣöӺҩ
ڵ£ܻʺιӺһҩ
ȲܻʺιҩڰѶӷڴϣϸҴñӡ
ܻʺû뿪ڴβŶӡ
ïʵ˿˴ˣĵȥ
ںͲܻʺ󶼶ԕD˭û˵ЩĬ
ʺ޵Ĵ
ܻʺ⻰ͷû̧һûи
޲㺦DD¡
ܻʺ̧һεڣ䵭ټңûпվʦDDֻ»ԥһزۡ
仰һ̣ݺݵڵͷϡ
ټңDDֻĶӣҲҵĶӣǴεĴܻʺһֱڵǰǿģǽȴǳDD£Ҳ֪һʲô͕DDһӣǧģκ˺DD
Ų˵ɹôܻʺһΪӱ𣬾ŹŲˣҲŹڡʹǹټңҲŹ
޵Ĵޱ֤鲻ٷڲܻʺʲô
ټң˺DDҾŹԕDǲܻʺۣ˵ãҲܴ
ҲŹڵؿʹ΢΢üͷǿʹûзһ˿ʹ|
ܻʺ˿ڣû˵
ԕDһҩûþˡ
DDڼˣһϲؽе
ԕDգգۣ
ڡĿȰؿԕDDDߵϻﲻۣ
ˣȫû
ܻʺһˮDDȲˮ
ȡ
ڱԕDöؿĻ
ܻʺףһһ׵ιӺˮȶӺˮ־ز˲ߵˮա
DD벻Զ
еˡԕDȫҲտҲ
ܻʺԸȥ
ԕDڵĻСԲܻʺιԵİࡣڣС݋ݣûζóԡһĿζ˯ʱιҩ
ڻܳĶʱֻܳ԰ࡣܻʺӲ԰׵Сۣˣ݋СһĺóԵġ
ܳģܳ𣿡ԕDؿŲܻʺ󣬡ڰĶ𣿡ϱӣСʱðͻڰǣȥ
݋ݸۣòã
ãھͷšԭһĿζֺһζûеİ࣬ǡ̫ѳˡ
úúã݋ھ͸šܻʺôķۣԕDԵİ˲ٷۡ
ԕDԵİ࣬оöˡ
ܻʺӳԵÿģҲ¶Ц
ڵͷӵǱзĨȥ
ܻʺӰһСȫȥְ˲٣ܳԾ˵ںת
DD𣿡
݋ݣҳԱˣˡԕD˵ܻ꣬ʺڶһ㲵ģæʵ݋ݣ𣿡
ܻʺ΢΢ЦЦ݋ݲ
Ҳ
ҲҪŰԕDߴٵǸϿȥš
úúã݋ݴȥš
ھȥšԕDܻʺ¶кȦˣµǿ϶ڶû˯݋ݣŸϽȥϢûˣǲˡ
ôǵĻںͲܻʺһƬů⡣
ۡ
݋Ҳۡ
ƭˣôۣܲǸϿȥϢ
˵öԣټҡʺǸϿȥϢɡվʦ˽Ŀˡ
ʦ֣˰ѹôûˣԭʦˡ
Щվʦ˵ټҡʺǻ۵ĻȥţȻȥϢ
ԶԶԣǸϿȥţȻȥϢ
ںͲܻʺΣֻԕDĻȥšϢ
ԕDڴϣһ˫۾ؿſվʦʦ֣Ұ
ô¡
ʦ֣Ҳ̫ˡȻԕDʱȫҲǳǲǿʦ֡
ôأ
û˵һ¾ͳ°ԕD챧Թһعͳ¡
й¶
ʦ֣й¶˲١ԕDڻԼΪͻȻȣʦ֣һصúõأôҹͻȻȣ
㲻Ǳ׹֮ˡ
ԕDԾ׹֮ʱ뵽ʲôд֣֣
վʦͷǡ
ԕDתתŲģֻŲж

Ͳ֡ԕDɫƽ˵׹ⶫܺ𣿡ϱӿӾ磬󹬵׹䣬úܼ١
ܣԼѪ׹ޣд֣ϲ롣
ѪԕDˣ룬ѹһ˯ʱ򣬾öӶҡ
Թ׹֮ǳаţɲҪС
ԺҲСˡҪﻹС׹֮
ȻûˣվǱˣҪúһʱավʦ˵ʱͲҪȥѧϰ
ʦ֣Ҫð
¡
ôãԕDֹǴԪ
ǰҪú
ʦ֣úܸǰ𣬲ʲôɣôаʲô֢ɡ
վʦЦúãϷ߶ԡ
ԕDˣǾͺá
ۣ㲻ޣվʦȻʵ
Ų𣿡ԕDƲƲ˵Һ˵ʵҪǲңҲž֡û뵽аŵֶκҡ
վʦЦЦû˵顣
ȻûˣҲûˡ
ʦͲܶһ𣿡
ټҺͻʺ㡣վʦ˵Ǻܵ㡣
ʦ֣ʱҪȥ£ҵѧϰô죿ԕDСԴһת˲뵽һ⣬ʦ֣ÿнʮ죿
ԡվʦ˵꣬ȤԕD㵹ǰѧϰ
ⲻ᲻ʦ𣿡
ӻϿϢɣʦ㡣
á
վʦڴߣСظԕD𾭡ûһԕD˯ˡ
ʱǷǳ̫ӵµĲ飬֪̫ӵûȡ
ڼȥ˱ˡ
ˣܲܲҪˣ
ҵ̫ӵ¡ǣҲ֪̫ӵôأ
̫ӵ¼࣬µġ̷˰ο㲻Ҫ̫ġ
̫ӵºȻȣǰԥһܲ𣿡ԽԽģ̫ӵҪǡ
ޣ̫ӵһûµģ㲻Ҫ˵ɥ
˵öԣ̫ӵ²µġô˵ﻹǷǳġ
Ҫסȥʣ˵̫ӵѾûˡ
Լȣվ˵ãھȥ˵꣬ͼææˡ
뿪̷˫ֺʮض˰ݣү̫ӵû¡
ԶصİǣһֱܾʲôõҪ


39 
⼱ææؽ, ֲֹһˣӼҲˡ
࣬Ҳ˰
֮, Ҳ˰
岩˵ҵȵ̫ӵ, ֪̫ӵΣ
Դ˵, ̫ӵǧγģ̫ӵʴӱǲϣ̫ӵ³¡
ֱֲ࣬ӽټҡ岩ǲ֪̫ӵ, ֲðȻȥ, ֻڹſڸż
ҽʿӼ˵, Ժҡ
Ӽǳ˸񣺡࣬ҵȾĺϢ
ο岩ǵ̫ӵ¹, һµġ
岩Ҳϣ̫ӵû, ̫ӵⲡ̫ͻȻĵ̫ӵ»ǰԥ
Ӽ磬˵⼸ҹ, ûзִ֮ף̫ӵ¾ԥԥµʱд֮סھͽʿ
ߡ
˹, ֱȥ˸ڲڸ
, ټ, ҪټңСȥ档˵
⽹ֹеʵ, ̫ӵ, 𣿡
, ̫ӵѾȡ
𣿡һϲ̫ӵˣ
ڲǰ̫ӵ¾ˣûˡԵ̫ӵҪú
¶ĵı飬ϲ̫ˣ̫ˣ̫ˡ
һ˲ѵģҲ̲סЦ
࣬Ҫټ𣿡
ˣҽ֪̫ӵûȡһʯͷڿˣ֪̫ӵȣҵҲܷˡ
ˡ
̫ӵΪλͻȻȣգ̫ӵ´»عǺúõģȫвӡúõΪλаǣ
⡭֪òø˵
һֹı飬üͷ΢ɼ£ѵ̫ӵ²Ƿаǣ
ԥ£Ǿ⡣
̫࣬ӵ²ǷаǣǱ׹䷢ȵġ
ʲôʱ׹ޣ
ǣ׹̫ӵ£̫ӵ²ŻͻȻȡϸظ˵׹̫ӵһ¡
˵Ҳ֪ھ͸ǣʡǸż
Ļȫ
Ͼʹ׹֮亦̫ӵ£
ټּΪˣºӣͻŹ
ʹ׹֮亦һ񼫣ټܻʴȣһ࣬亦һҲΪټҾȻʴȣ
ûðɣæȰ˵࣬ϱϾáټҿõķϣҲᴦϡ
պҪӺ̫ӵ¸ΣǳŮˣټҲʴȡ
⻰ûӦֳֻܱĬ
ˡ
࣬ټ𣿡
ټҴ˿̫ӵ°ɣ
ǵġ
Ҳȥţˡ
ߡ
ȥԺ·ϣԽԽڶϻ飬Բ᲻ôϡԹʹ׹֮֮˶ҪټβϣһӺ̫ӵ¡ֹˣʱ϶Чʹ׹֮
˷粻ǣùټϣ
岩Ժｹصȴ⡣ûþͻˣæǰʵ̫࣬̽ӵأ
ӼɫʮѿһƬŭ⣬ĵʵ࣬ôˣѵ̫ӵ»ûȣ
һǿŭӼ˵̫ӵѾȣûʲô󰭣ֻǡ
ֻʲô岩Ǽһʢŭģвɵص˵̫ӵˣΪλ˷ŭ
̫ӵ²ǷаǣǱ׹֮亦ġ
ʲôӼǴ󾪵׹֮亦̫ӵ£
Ѵȥϸظ岩˵˵
岩˺󶼷ǳŭ׷ʹϡ
Ҿ˵ܳ谮ǹټȴƫƫ谮ϣԽԽŰ衣ټ֮ǰƫ̻ϣϰ裬ϾȻ׹֮εĴټҾȻʴȣټǺͿ
Ȼ׷Ч׹֮
Թʹ׹֮֮˶Ҫùټ
Ҿ˵ϻ񣬿ǹټȴƫƫš
Һ̫ӵ¼࣬ûб亦ɹ
࣬ùټϣ봦ϣЧȣ
ϳҵһټԣ
ڳ·ϣǻϡ
⡢Ӽ岩һ
ټ̫ͿˡӼҡҡͷ˵ܶʴȣ˲һʴȡ
岩̾ټһ谮ϣȻ᲻ôϡ
Ȼģ
ϣιټҲҪٺͿӼ糯ԣֻһƫ̻ϣ᲻ôϡ
ټٷͿҵȾͳ𡣡
ξùټƫ̻ϡ
ܿ죬׹֮亦̫ӵһ¾ʹ󳼵ĶܼȻҲ˵Ϣǳŭ
βϣܼҾԲưոݡ
صҺдŸԶصĺѷͣʹ׹֮亦̫ӵһ¸˵ˡ
Զصķǵˣʱ֪̫ӵ±亦һ¡֪Ǹӷŭ
ںͲܻʺ˵㶫ԕDĴߡڿվʦѻˡ
ʱïʵҴҵ˽ټңͻȻˡ
⻰΢΢һõĮïʵ˵̫ҽȥסӡ
ǡïʵȥ
ܻʺһڣЩټҪǲģԹȥDDš
Ȼܻʺڼû
ûʲôĵġ˵꣬˵һ䣬޲ټ
ܻʺؿһڣ֮û˵ʲô

Ȼ̫ҽҽŮȥϵ˳һҹû
һ磬ȥ糯
糯һʼΪԣһֱŰΪ˵ʹ׹֮亦̫ӵһ£˵ʹ׹֮Ļ
˵꣬ӼһڴϣȻϻ亦̫ӵ¡
ַͬϡڻҪϵǽ᳤
ǵԣǳĬ£Ӧǣþʹ
Ǽûƫ̻ϣʮο
дżˣҲżٴʹ׹֮
飬õ󳼵ͬ⡣
ڼ״ֻּż˸ϳ꾩ǡż˵ʹ׹֮ʱģһ塣
Ƕͷ⣬û˵ʲô
˵ϵ飬ſʼ˵
ȻڵЩҲ̫ãظ¡
ͬʱԕDˡ
ۼܻʺݡĴǰɵ¡
݋ݣôʲô
ſڴϣ˫ֳЦؿԕDûа
㣬첻ȥ𣿡
⻰ĸʱС˵ؾ˵DDҺ㣬Ȼȥ飬̫ˡ
̧ŮСԴӣ̫ӵ˵öԣȥˡ
ҾͲٶDDһ𣿡סܻʺֱۣԲܻʺ
̫ӵˣȥˡ
գµģվͲҪȥ顣ܻʺͷ塣
лл݋ݡҽһնŕDD
εЦɲ̫ӵϢ
״ұ֤ᳳDD
ܻʺĿȰؿԕDDD
еˡ
òܻʺԸ˳ȥܿ죬Ͷһˮһյ²衣
²ԕDġ
ԕD죬ܻʺմʪĽϴ
ȸϴܻʺιࡣ
ԕDһڣ˫۵ʱСﰾ𣿡
ݼԕDһھͳ࣬Ǹˡ
С㰾࣬òóԣ
ԕDͷóԣǳóԣСĶóԡ
ˣСܶóԵġԕDĺº͵һ㶼ܻʺڡ
ҵøϿ
ܻʺЦȻϲСﰾ࣬ǾͶһ㡣
á
࣬һζûУʮζԕDһ඼ȥ
ԕDֶ࣬ոռõҩ
ŵҩĿζԕDüͷ
ܻʺСʮֿܣغҩܺõÿ졣
݋ݣҪԼȣ㲻Ҫιˡһһڵغҩֻࡣʹʹһꡣ
Щ̡ܻʺ߽ҩߴԳһڣ¶ȲˣŵݸԕD
ԕDӣ˫ֽӹҩ룬¶׳غ
ԕD⸱ʹģǳĸͬܣҲСǳ
ܻʺݿԕD⸱ȥģ̲סЦ˳
ԕD๾أڰһҩȥȺҩٶʹؼһ
ܻʺǳʱڶӵһ۽ԕD۽ŰĿҩζѹȥ
ʱɫҴҵ˽
ϸոûˡ
ܻʺ⻰΢΢£ʵôûˣ
»ûþûˡɫЩֵ˵һ̥
̥
һ̥һֵ˵˵ǺȫںڣģʮֿˣҽŮͲŶŻˡ
һǱӦ
ܻʺû˵ñϣôˡ
Ҫ˵ʲôǳɵû˵
ܻʺ״ʲô飿
ԕD͸ؿ˵ŵǣߵܻʺߣĶС˵ϵǳѿ˵ӶҪɳˣһͳ÷ǳʮֿɲɭ
ܻʺЦʲôʸĿ
Ŀһ̥ܹ鲻ãʦɣȻ֪ᷢʲô顣˼ʦȣȻϺǸ̥˷ˡ
ȥ롣ܻʺʵټǱء
ټһû糯
ȥïʵ˵һȥ˵ȥܻʺҪŴɵĺ£ǲܻʺϣȥĺ£ôȥïʵ
ǣūȥ
ȴ뿪ˣʵôˣ
ûʲôôȥ֪ͨïʵïʵȥϵĺ¡
ԕDȵҩаߵãոպҩʱַˡ
ܻʺ˯ˣϸظҴñǡ
݋ݣǳȥɣŕDD
ãŕDD
¸Դؾ̫ӵ¡
ɵص˵ͷС˵ҲᳳѕDDġ
ݸŲܻʺȥˣܻʺ͸˵Ŀһ¡
ıӦϵͬ鶼ûСӦá
ܻʺͷţôˣǱˡ
ɲôݺ޺޵˵ôɣ̫ˡ
ˣҲֻôˡ˶ˣܻʺкޣҲʲô
ʵټ֪𣿡
ټһû糯
Ҳ֪ټ֪˻ôЩڣϾǳ谮ϡȥֻ¹ټﲻܡ
ҪǵĹټңȥܻʺ֪ݶڵĸ飬ھͿȥȹټ³
˵ҹȥ
ȥɡԕDʹ׹亦ȻڵĴǲܻʺǨŭڡԕDǰܻʺǷǳصġǣڵĲܻʺֻĮ
ݸյڸ³
ڼЩ⡣Ȼ뵽ʲôбýǲǕDDˣ
ټң̫ӵºܺãǰһ࣬ҩո˯ˡضЦЦҪġ
Ժﳤһ
DDû¾ͺá
ݿ˿ڣԥ²ſڣټңûˡ
⻰ɵס
ݼ˵һ̥һһ̥
ʲôһ𾪣̥ǹ̥
ǵġݰѴӲܻʺ֪˵˵ʺѾïʵȥϵĺ¡
ڵؿֽʹǿʹƽ˵ïʵչش
ݼɫƽ㱯ѹ΢΢һЩġ
ټңû°ɣ
ڶ΢΢ЦЦû¡
û𣿡˽ڵˡС¾ϲװûµӣȻһ˶ĳط͵͵ѹġ
סݵֱ֣º͵ض˵û¡
̾˿ټ˵û£ֻܵû¡
ټң³ûŰɣźŰɡ
ϳǰЩģڻǿĿڵĽʹװûµӶ˵޻кܶҪģȻȥɡ
Ͳµڻô˵ټңæɣȻȥˡ
뿪ڽ鷿µظĄӣһؿԽʹæסԼؿڡΪ̫ʹſϡ
ڰڱı飬Ǵ鶯ļܿʱܲƽ
صݵɫǳǡ
ټӦԼһĶѹ
谮ˣϺĺӶûˣܲġݣܻʺҲ˽ڵˡ
Ҹô죿
һ˾һɡȻܻʺǨŭڣڳ¡ȥˣҲ㡣
Ҳֻˡ˵磬ټû̫ӵ£Ҿȥ
ܻʺ΢΢ףԡ
ïʵڴ˴ϵĺ¡
򱻱Ϊˣûйġ׼ȷ˵ûġ
ïʵϺӵʬװڹײ󣬾̧ѡһطˡã˼ûеġ
ʱǰïʵʹϺӵĺ¡ȥܻʺ¡
ܻʺïʵİЧʮ⣬˵һ
ïʵصʱѻָȫκ쳣ïʵǷڵ˫Щˡ
ïʵ棬ɫƽص˵ͷˡ
ǣټҡïʵڻ̥һ£˵ټң̥ΪĹȣƫ衣
һԾ裿
ǵģߵĹŮٰ˵Ϊ»ӣҢؽƫïʵԵƫȥ»ӣǶĸ˺ܴԭӾͲ̫ãƫֻӸá
û˵
ïʵ˵ٰ׻˵֪ʱ֣һʬпܻ̥ϼֳ衣
ڵɫԽˣïʵС˵ϸҢ飬һ̥ʱ汧һӳ䵱ӡ
һĴ˵ʲô
ïʵŵæڵϣټϢŭ
ðϵĄȫӵڵϣ汧һӳ䵱ӣ
ǵģټҡïʵſڵ˵ϻ˵ʱĲǻӣҲ汧һ䵱ĺӣѾҺˡ
ҧгݵʵļҵĺӣ
żҵĺӡҢһңϲʱ仳СŮ̥ʱͻҵĶ䵱ӡ
ãܺãɫŤˡ
ټңΪϺͺӵѹïʵźˣȻ֪ʲô
ڵؿԽʹǰȻһڣǰȥ
ټңïʵһ漴æȥڣȥ̫ҽ
ǡææܳȥ̫ҽ
ܿ죬̫ҽ͹ˣϸظڰ˵ΪĽʹ˹ȥ
ܻʺݵ֪ڻ˹ȥæ
̫ҽ߲ܻʺΪ̫ˡ̫ŭĽʹպ󣬲ڵ󱯴ŭȻڻḴĽʹ
̫ҽߺïʵܻʺղŵĻڡ
ܻʺïʵǷ˱ϵķ󵨾ˡû뵽ϾȻ쵽˵ز
һߺ޵˵ôң
ܻʺ󼥷׹֮ãĺӳ䵱ʲô
޷죬ҺõļıûгɹȻݲ룬ϵıɹôεĽɽżҵģ̫ˡ
ڸչ˹ټңһȥտDDڣԕDڲܻʺΪҪ
ģһչ˺ùټҡ
ܻʺ΢΢ףû˵ʲô뿪˸
ԕD݋ݻˣæʵ݋ݣû°ɣ
̫ҽҩѾûˡ
ö˶˵ģôͻȻ赹ѵΪңûϢõԵʣ
ǣϵ鱻ĽʹȥġܻʺڴߣҪҢҵĺӳ䵱һ¸ԕD˵ˡ
ԕDһ𾪣ǸҰ
׹֮ãʲôҵġܻʺһ˵ΪбʹΪǸǸ̥еΣ֪һжϵıһʱܲ˰Լȥˡ
Ͼ谮ꡣԕD̾̾˵Ƶˣһʱǻ
ܻʺһЦҵġȻܻʺһֱ֪ټΪʲôϲϣ⣬Ҿ̫ɡʵ֤ǶԵġ
݋ݣұ亦ûйϵͲҪԕDڷǳͬڡ˭ܲ
е󣬲ܻʺˣضԕD˵ãķϣҾͲƽˡ
лл݋ݡԕD亦һ£ܻʺֻһ鶼ûˡòܻʺҪڵϣǰڱֿĹϵǳ޵Ĺϵ
ܻʺ¶ӵĶͷû˵݋ݿʲô
݋ݣҶˣŰɡ
ãš
ԕDͲܻʺţڲ
󣬾رݡǰݵĸľرš
ڱ̫յݷǳۣûƿͬر
ټң㻹ңлʺ̫ӵ£и
վһԿںݽһǰֱסǡ
˵öԣ㻹ǡ
ſ֣ݺ͸رڻ
޻ǡ
ݺ͸İ£ڽƽŪˣҪʱղܺá
ݺ͸ţǵºúõϢһ硣
ǰԕD
ֻһ첻˲٣ԕDоһʮꡣϵĴлҪ󰡡
û°ɣ
û£ôûﲻԶӣǳΡ
Һܺã㲻õҡԕDְ֣СĴҲ㣬ҲҪԼ
⻰һƬɬۿ΢΢ˣ۽ʪ|ˡ
DD
ҵϣ㣬㲻ҪԼԕDץڵָҡҡ˵Ҳ֪ô
±ӿʧְ̬Ѷӱڻ
ԕḐڵĺ󱳣ŴŴذοҲ㣬ҲҪԼ
Ҳ̲סͷᡣ
һúõأҲҪúõءڵӱͲãΪϵ飬Ľʹˡ飬ֻµʱֱǶҪúõءɲϣûгھˣȻ׵ͱȵǻΪͯʵۡ
ĵز˲ᣬЩʵ˵ãǶҪúõءôһοܶˡ
һŰɡԕD˵ҪιҳԷ
ãιš
ԕDװûпڿ޺˫ۣţ㻹Ҫ
Цã
ǽʱ򣬼ںԕD˵˵ЦЦ㳹װˡ
ЕDDڣټҺܿͻܻʺ̧ݵļ򣬡㲻Ҫˡ
ݼЦˣҲܸˣ̫ӵа취
ҪúøټҲһˡȻܻʺϲڣϣԕD֮ǰܺúõġ
ģһùټЩӡ
ܻʺӦԕDڵĲƽϡ
ټңŰɡ
ûмԼţιš
ȻԕDӻǺθڻֳһ뷹
ź󣬶ſڴߣҲڶ顣
ݿһĻ÷ǳܰ
ϣûлظֱӸԕD˯һŴϡ
Ϊ˯ߣ˯÷ǳȣûʡ
ӣÿնԕDιӳԷιӺҩ̶Ӷ顣
ϵ飬κ˲ˡֹˣĨȥϵĴڣ·˴ûгֹ
һʱԶصİǵ֪ʹ׹֮亦̫ӵһ¡τӣϺݺݵһ٣Ҳʹһ
һֱ֮࣬ǰ꾩ʱ򣬾Ͱĭ̫ӵ±亦ǳŭڄڡ
ڿоٳʮŭ顣ٴҰ꾩Ȼһ챻
ˣзͣҲڄȻûаö࣬ҲǳݡǾͺõ㣬ûڄһֱ
ڱҲͺͰˡ
ֱ˵ûãôģô̫ӵ¶ˡǵ꾩ʱ̫ӵºúõأʲô鶼ûУôһߣͽ¡
¶ģһҪõȻص꾩ص̫ӵߣúõر̫ӵ¡
ֵ⣬ԼԩǣǲĽִͣǿӲΪûá
뵽Ҫ̫ӵµˡΪ̫ӵ¶ˣûʸ̫ӵµʺ̫ӵµ
Цˣ̺ܽùټң̲̫ӵ£
ԕDɴһ̺̫ܽӵ¡ϧԸΥ
ǰ̫ӵ¹£ô̫ӵ˵Ƥ
˳ȥ̵̫ӵ¶飬˸ա
Ԫ˵̫࣬ӵһȥ˲ܼңЩʱɡ
ȥ˲ܼң
Ҿ̫ӵ»


40 
ڶȵʱ, Ҳûа̫ӵµȻ
Ԫؼŵʱ̫ӵҲûлֻǰȰ˵⣺, ̫ӵֲعˣɡ
⿴һԪأе顣
žһȻǺܴ, ǻǰԪһ
е飬վޱ뿪ˡ
ԶԪ̧Լؿ, һ
Ȼղûŭ, ˡ, ô̫ӵһ㶼¡
ü̫ӵ¶, ̫ӵ¶, ϶ҪټҸ״, ټҸ״̫ӵҲ, ϾټҶκβ̫ӵ¡
ҪҲ̫ӵ³ˡ
뿪, ֱȥ˸
ڸոոӼ岩˵£ŭؽ֪˸գɵʧЦ࣬ûеȵ̫ӡ
˸, ˵̫ӵȥܼˡⲻǲ̫ӵȥܼ, ǲ̫ӵ²úö顣ټ, ̫ӵ¾ȥܼѧϰգúö飬ⲻװ
̧ʾɫº͵ضЦDDڻС飬ϲ赶ŪǹڕDDôʱҲϲ档
ټң̫ӵ½ʽɣҪúö顣˶ãҪ꾩ʱͼûкúý̵飬һ֣Цġ̫ӵôʱ򣬾ͺúöˡҲڵ
DDںúöôĶǵúôȻڱЩǲû¿ҵ
̫ӵʴӱĶܿͻѧᣬǸ˵ģǡ˵΢΢£漴ĵ˵Ҫ̫ӵ¶ѧ㶫Ϊ̫ӵ´̲סҪĶ
Ц˵DD˵ˣ㲻ҪΪ۸ѧ
۸ⱻʾ΢΢£Цõ˵ɲ۸̫ӵ¡
DD˵ѧϰͲѧĶ۸ָ⣬Ц˵ЩͲ۸ѧ
ⱻⷬ˵ҭסˣ޷
̫ӵǡ̫ӵֻ꣬ǷǳƵʱ˵̫ӵ¡
࣬DDʽɣҲҪ̫żԭһӴöӶѧ㶫Ǳ˵һͨ־ö˵ĺܶԡڕDDôʱ򣬿ûѧĶࡣ
ټң˵治Ļ˸˵Сʱû̫ӵ´ϻۡ
ô˵ڲǳ˵⡣
DDȷСʱ˵꣬ҫظ˵ʤ
⸱ģ̲סʧЦټңȻҲ֪̫ӵ´͸öȰȰ̫ӵ¡
ȰˣûáѧԕDƽʱĶ̯֣˵޺

̫ӵ»ǻ˵
һ̫ӵµĴϻۣǶҲѧáߣ̫ӵ¿ɴءټң̫ӵԼΪԼѧúܺãٺúõѧȥ˵ֲ꣬һ䣬СҪá
࣬㻹ԸDD˵ɡںεض˵˵˵ûá
̫ӵ˵ˣ̫ӵ²ԕDް취˵̫ӵһ䣬̫ӵܻ䡣ɣ򲻵ã̫ӵ²ûдҲˡʱǿӲظ̫ӵ¶˵㶫̫ӵֱӲټңģ̫ӵ̫䣬úѧġ
࣬ͲܵġڿοDDϾûеѧҵ
άƫ̻̫ӵ£Ҳټ˵Ϊ˵Ҳûá
̫ӵСʱǳѧʲô͹Թѧʲôôڲء
䱧ԹĻںЦDD˵ΪСúƣԲŻǽڣˣƭˣԲԸǶѧ꣬DD⺢Ӳ٣ҲõƤ٣ְֺޡ˵ʲô;͸ʲô飬;ͣȴ񳬱ѧ˲ٶ
εҡҡͷ̫ӵǴεĴһĺͯһСӦöѧ˲ܼ縺𵽴εĽɽ
࣬DD̫Сڸ˵Щ޷ġȹ꣬ЩͻѧġڴСѧָĶ˵úϢûкúϢÕDDСʱһ˵úúõأҪDDСͷǳࡣ
ô˵˵ʲôֻܵͷӦ
ټҵġ
һŰɡÿڸ״Щġ
лټҡûǹټСʱ̫ӵûйټСʱɡ
ڲܼŵԕD䲻ش˸硣
磡
̫ӵ´磬ܰǶŵˣʮֽţȥд򡣡
ȵȡԕD෢ıӣԲܰ΢΢ЦЦ游û£Ӧڵǰҵ״
̫ӵ£Щ䣬ִ˷磬ǽд򿴿ɡǲܰСĵԕD˷纮̫ӵڲܼҲˣټһġ
ԕDҲ֪ܰǵʱ̫֮
游û£һȥ˵һ˵꣬˵ؾСͣܰԹϲҵ״û뵽⾹ȻǸ״
ܰ˵̫ӵ£ҲΪá
游ˣǾ̫䣬úѧġԕDƲƲ˵ɲ޳Ҹѧաѧ
üͷ˵ƾʲô޳ɣ
ճ˵ĳǿ佫ѹ佫
һߵ˵Щĳ̫ˡԕD꣬ԕDİҲԕD顣£ѧպͱȻǡ
ԕDԲЦЦ˵ô˵գҷѧɡûгĽͳȻŸոûãǰܼѧϰպͱΪ£ĳǵʱǰڲܼҡ
ܰȰ˵£ϾպҪúø顣̫ӵô׽ǲܼң佫ܰǷǳ˵ġǣ̫ӵ̫׽佫úö飬ЩĳҪˡ
ǲĳ֣Ҳ¸ĳǶǲ̫ӵ£̫ӵ±ĳǷ顣
游кúõظ飬̫̰ˡԕDšüͷСĲ⣬ҴҶ޲ÿʮʱ飬Ҳʮʱ顣ҳ˶飬ҪѧϰպͱҪʦѧϰ𷨡˵ڻСŸûã̻徭ǲ̫ˣ
ܰԕDô˵Ц̫ӵԼԹĶࡣ
ҲѧѧƪѧΪƪ٫ƪƪ˵̰̰ҲһԵؽôɡȻǲѧ
Ƕһµصͷ̫̰ˡ
游ģԕD̫ӣΪĳ֪̫ӲҪĹ̫ӣҲ̫ӡ
̫ܰӵô˵ˣͷ£ܼһһֱĺܡ
ͷ£ʲôǶ֧
֪ǼŰɡԕD˵ţǼȹ
˵£Ҳ㡣̫ӵ´̫꣬ӵѧȴȲ̫ӵ£̫ˡ
㲻ҵĶ֡ԕDڲвܼҵѪպͱ츳ǳ׿ԽܼҸĴĺӶĶ֡ǲͲձʮ꣬ҲҲԕDĶ֡
ڹϣԕDΪСʱǲͲǵĶ֡ǣڱϣͲղԕDĶ֡
ͲΪ飬û뵽ȴ׵̫ӵ£ǺܲǲС
£ȼһ㡣ÿζô˵ÿζԕD
ŴûõģĴβҡ
һ㡣
ڲܼţûйôĹءŵʱǿ˵˵ЦЦġ
˵˵ֵţͲվԕD塣
ս
֣ҪҲԣܵвͷɡԕDóӣУֽסӡ
£ҪʲôͷպȻ뵽ʲô÷ǳѿ£Ҫǳȥһ˵óɣ
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ǳ׳ˣ˵㳤úó󡱣ǡҺܵÿ죬ȻҪˡ
ԕDָҡҡˣûʲô˼ˡ
Ͳ̫ӵô˵ͷʱһĵӿһĨõԤС
̫ӵ£ʲô̫ӵףǹȴǳ࣬׽Ū˵Ĺǳ࣬Ҳ
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ϵˣ˭˰εĲͷ¥ĺóԵģǾûʲôµġ
Ǿ°ɡ
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ԕDͲģǼվһ߹ۿ
ʱԕDһͿء
ȻԕDǻķڷ
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¡
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̫ӱЦøһƻжʱ΢ʵ̫ӵ£ʲô
ԕDǣԲЦ÷ǳã֣ˣȥϣһˣŮҪ|˵㡿
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ððպͲ޳ɣ£á
ԕDЦؿŲ֣ҲҶģ
£ˣΣʱ룬ùôׯһˣô̫ӵôһ龫ֵĶӡ
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ЦؿԕD£ҲǶܣļ
ҲǣֱϾҴʮ꣬һֱһСǺܶԕD˵ţͰеӵֲٸҲӦõġ
Ȼ֪̫ӱڼǲǹԹϵˡ
ãҺ¡Ӧ̫ӱҲķӱƵò¡
ˬ졣ԕDԲü֤
·ģһ֤ġ˵꣬磬£һҪӮҸ磬ȥŮӱס
仰õһͬ
һȺϷĵܵǸЦˣǻΨ²Ұ
ٺٺ٣磬ǻûпŮӱס
磬ҪǸһŮӱףһ䶯Ȱ꾩ǵġ
˵ءЦ÷ǳ飬˵Ҫһӱס
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롣
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Ϊ˲䣬Ҫǿ˲٣ջԕDĶ֡
ԕDɫظ壬һõ塣һԕDҺȵˣŷԼмˡ
ÿθԕD壬ᱻŵΣԕDŵëȻΪȻһ㶼ûв
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ʱۣһۿˣҪ׵ˡ
һۿǸŮӣӡȻŮװȴΪ㡣
ͻȻףֱӴסˡ
꣬æλŮǸ
λŮӺ֪Ǳܵ׽Ūףûй
ԕDͨ죬ʹȤǲϲǸ˵ʹˣȢϱˡ
ǸԕDĻһЦ
ܵŪ˶Ҫˣ׷ŵܵǴ
ԕDֵһȥ˯
˯ѺԕDűֵһϰ
ԕD˱ûκˡ
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ܰվһԼ̫ӵһһϰкοͬʱַǳ
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ܼҵĺ̫ӵôʱûһ̫ӵôܳԿ࣬ǵĻʺҲû̫ӵô̿ڷܡ
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游վͲˣҸøˡ˿գǻܼץعٲ飬ҪܼҪˡ
֪ˡܰಢܼҪˣڻûбҪ֡
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ԕD߽ܻʺ˹
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ԕD˫ֱŲܻʺС˵݋ݣһˡ
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ھȥԕDԲ֣ˡ
ڵ֪ӻˣǰ
ԕDԡˣܽĻϣָʹ˵ֱᣬҰ
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˵ӣøϾ
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ܻʺԕDⷬˣɣ
ԕD˵ģһģ
㲻ͰѡѧôʲôԕDʽ֮ǰԕDڡܻʺ󡢿վʦѧ飬ҶȫѧˡȻֻǽԕDһЩƤëԕDȷȫѧһ顣
Ҳ£ҲѧԕD˺ߣҿǷǳæģҪѧϰܰеʱ䶼ڶ档
æʲôӵСͣæ𣿡ǰգԕDûȥܼѧϰպͱҲûʵʵظ飬ȥѣ˺ܾòҵ
Ҳѣǿûе˵ԕDЩˣԣڰ˵𣿡
ӽСԡڲԶֺõЦЦû˵
ܻʺصһ۶ӣDDûûС
ڰԕD˵û¡˵ּ꣬һιӵ
ţŶһ塣壬ֿ¶ӵĹΣȫԣûٿʡ
ˣŷ޿Ҫˡ
ҪˣԕDϲʲôʱ
Цڳĺܲ
̫ˡԕDϲǰأҲҪ𣿡
ҪһЩҪܻŰǻ°ǻŷȻдŸˣ˵
ҵԕD¶⣬ΪʲôҪҵ
ŷ޾һ˽̲㣬ëԼҪΣЦ˵ŷ޷ǳвŻҲܽ㡣
ԕDûмŴӦתת
Ŷһ˫۵ת֪ͣڴʲô⡣
ôŷ޽㣿
ǾҵɡԕD룬һûʲô˵˵ƺ⡣
Ҳ
ԕDˣָԼôôһҵ
Ҳ̲㣬ҪԽ̵㡣룬⵽ôﷶǣôһ̲ԕD
ðǾ÷ҵԕD˵꣬뵽˺ǣẫҲҵɣ
¶ˣҲ
аǶҵɡȵȣǶΪǾ̫׳ˡϵʫʼ̵飬̫ҲͦţƵġ
ԕDıӣϷʵ㵹߲ܡ
ǶǴӣһŻ磬ҵҵĸܱôŻʫʼǽ̵ֻһˡ
Ҫô˵ǳ˵ġ룬Ӹߵý˵ǽ̵ӣӿ϶Ը顣
Ҿ͵ȺǻˡԕDȻ뵽ǣֵ֪βμĿƾ١ˣʲôʱ
ʯһҪһЩƻҪꡣںʯһֱעʯ顣ʯĺܲǱӣҪһɼס
ðɣٵּꡣ
ڻЄҪԕDһͻ˸
뿪ˣܻʺϸѯԕDڲܼʲô
ԕDͲѲһİŮӱһ¸ܻʺ˵˵ܻʺȻЦˣǻǾö̫ƤˡԕDʾ˵һźԵ
һʼԕDϣܼ޵ܼңͲίǺ뻹ˡ
˵ڲͬ⸣޵ܼңǲܼҲԸȢһΪܲ
УҪһ㣬ܼǸ壬˼ʹϵӣټֲȨ޹ȥҲһǺ¡
ǿϲĸɣ޸Լϲ˰ɡ
ܻʺ˵һԕD
݋ݣһȥ˰
չԹԵڶ࣬Ҫܡܻʺ
֪ˣ݋ݡԕDܻʺ˻֣݋ݣˣϢ
ܻʺԕD͵ſڣֶһϢ
ԕDʹ˳ȥᵽĶ
һסټĹԕDǷǳˬģϾʲôܸʲô
ص׺ʹھͳԕD˹
׻֮ǰֻ׶죬⼸ҲһֱԕDߡǰʱ䣬ƤŪ˳ȥܼҲûдȥ
ײ˲٣һԽ׺ݡﲻ˶߶Ҳ߶
Ǻ͹ǼףŵöԶԶġһݣǾǡ̸ɫ䡱
һɽȫѩסԕDȤζظȡΪڡԕDһǰڽϼ񵽵ģ
ԭԵģǼںʹһԴ͵ִڻܵͰѴڵġ
ԕDùĽ˸һ򰰣ڴϻ
׺ʹڸԕDһػصǵСѡ
סڣң
׺ʹԕDĻ
׺ʹڣԕDȥ鷿顢֡
ȻԸѧÿ˯֮ǰؿ飬֡
ʱԕD˯¡
գʱ糯ͼææ
̤ͼ׺ʹڳ˹
ԕDվڴߣⱻ׺ʹ׷ԺܣܲЦˡ


41 
׺ʹڷǳ, ǲûȥ߶ȥײ⣬׷ܡǼⱻŵõ, ׷øˡ
ʲôˣʲôĳһĶȤζ
Ԫⱻ׺ʹ׷úǱúǺЦһ̲סЦ˳
ԕD׽Ū⣬׺ʹŵò࣬ƿ˳ȥ
סͣ¡
׺ʹͣȻǻ׷棬ǲòС˵Ļ
ԕDⱻ׷ùñˣһǵͨ, ģЦװһ޹ģ
ǵƤǹ׷, ûŵɣ
ﲻ֪̫ӵµĶ磬̧ñٷԕD˸
̫ӵ¡
𡣡ԕDûǰȥԷ⡣
л̫ӵ¡ԕDŷ۵С, һˣ֪̫ӵ½Ƿпն飿
ԕDЦӯӯ˵пն顣˵, ˸, վ鷳ˡ
̫ӵ¿ˡ
, 
鷿
ԕDĶ鷿ǲܻʺԲõĶ, ǳ¡
Ԫɾ͸һ裺࣬ò衣
ԕD⻹Щǳĵض˵Ⱥȿڲ軺Ǵٶ顣
л̫ӵ¡һµģʵ÷ǳ죬Щ
ԕD˫һ˫˫ֱֱض⿴
ⱻԕDЩĪеĲյ̧Լûۼ
̫ӵ£ʲô𣿡
ûʲôǾ㡭˵ԕDⲻ˵ȥûʲô
ⱻԕD˵ɻôˣǼԕD˵ȥûȥ
в̫֮ӵ¸֪
ԕD⻰˫۶ʱһ棿
Ȼв֮
ͷ棬̫ӵ¸֪
Ĳ̫֮ˡԕDֳô档
һ⻰￩£æվ̫ӵˡ
ԕḐ̧֣ʾ
⣬㲻ýš
ĵһ̫ӵ¸֪
⣬һ֮Ƕ̫̰ˡ
ԣ¶ɻʵ̫ӵ̫̰̰ʲôأ
ԕDһα˫ֱأСʮࣺ̰Ҵ
⻰΢΢㶣̫ܿӵµ˼ʧЦ̫ӵʾ
ԕDһ˵⣬㲻ܼҴͱҶѧǲԵġ
Ȼ˵¡
̫ӵ£ѧΪʲôԸѧ۴ȰؿԕD̫ӵ£ΪεĴҪ縺εĽɽҪȱȱ˶ѧܸõؼ縺Ρ
Ȼ̫ӵ⣬ʹúõظ̫ӵ˵˵¡
ԕDݵȰѧСΡ
վԕDĲֱۣЩĳôô¡
ӿ˵ڣԕDΪ̫ӣϵκܶ࣬úö飬ѧ޷ôεĽɽ޷츣ϰա
˵˵ȥȰԕD徭ѧ徭Ϊˡǵȶ
̫ӵ£ǳˣö飬ѧ˵ÿġ
⣬ҪǱ㻹Ҷ𣿡ԕD֮ԲѧѧɵڶڡҪ㻹Ҷ𣿡
û뵽ԕD֪΢΢£Ц̫ӵ£ʴӱһѧͻᣬԶѧ
⣬ҺæģҲѧԕDС˵һҪѧϰպͱҪѧϰ黭ҲҪѧϰ𷨡
˵̫ӵ£ʵȥѧպͱһֱⶼ̫޳ԕDȥܼѧϰպͱԕDΪεĴȫûҪѧպͱߣԕDѧպͱպ̡УĵľԕDڲܼѧϰպͱᱻЩ佫øЩ佫ս
ݵȰҪѧպͱű佫ԕDε̾˿
վԕDĲ佫һ˫ŭԕDصһֻⳳ
ԕD佫ϸ⣬Ϊ˵ͨԴν佫ͱĳǿ𣬱ѹżⲻѧպͱҲǲԵġ
ʵһǳסЩĳзǣⷽȴһǶûС˵ǷսΪ˲ðܿ࣬ǻ⣬ÿɧű߾ϰտ಻ԣôӶˡ
УÿĽôǮƽųΪȴԸųҲԸ̣ǵķ
޷ǵԻ·
⣬ô˵ǲѧġԕDõЦЦ⣬Ƕɡ
̫ӵûаĻȥҲû̫ӵ»Сʲôպúý̵̫ӵ»׵ġ
̫ӵ£ǰѧȽƪһ顣
ԻȽ֡ԕDһֲذȽƪ
ԕD꣬Ϳƪĵĺ塣Уȡ仰ʲô˼
ԕDȫشˡֳ֮ǰƪݣԕDȫˡ
ص˵ͷ̫ӵѧúãԨƪԨƪʵʵ£ôΪʹ
ȴԕDԨƪݶһ顣ȶԕDٶһ顣
ԕDһԨƪ⿪ʼһһΪ⡣һһ佲ȫƪ壬Ÿȵؽ⡣
ƪʵʵ£ȻҪϸؽ⡣ϺܶʷһЩͨ׶ؽԕD
Ԩƪݲ⽲⵽ʱûнꡣ
̫ӵ£糼ټ⡣
⣬£ͲˡԕDվ˸񣬡⣬Ҫȥ͋݋ţˡҲԺš˵꣬ⷴӦܳ鷿
̫ӵ¡ĵ׷˳ȥͿ̫ӵ뿪ˡ
ԪԕDѧ֮ǰڴװ򰰡
ԕDһѧŴڳ˶ֻԕDһˣԪֻܸܡ
𿴴һֻ򣬵ȴţˣҲѷɫ
ԕDȵڴڵıϣǣǣڴڵĲԕDûн߬ǣȻܵúܿ죬ȴǳȣûˤСˡ
˼̫ӵڹбܣһҲϡ档ȻһʼʱǷǳģϾûм
ߣֲţʵʵ̫ӵµȴһԹԵ̫ӵȻ̫ӵڣﲻ˵ġ
˱˵ﲻ˴ڣҿڳ̫ӵºͶļˣǲκ˽ӽġ
˻̫ӵ񣬴ھ̫ӵǰʧˣһҳţǾͿ׷˹
һţһ˵պҲҪһֻ
һߣڼʱҲӸǰ
ԴԕDȥһͲûڶԹ϶ԡ
ΪܺͶһţÿ϶
ԕD;԰ʱ򣬼ǰ棬̧´ڵԴٶȡ

ӵת˹ȥԶЦЦѧˣ
ǿӲѧģȻҪϡԕDš
㽲ʲô
콲ԨƪԕDʼ˵⽲һ綼ûнꡣ
ЦԨƪǳҪ൱޵ʱ˺ü죬Ҫúõظѧƪݡ˵꣬˵һ䣬Ժ洦
ԕD﷭һۣ֪ˡ˵꣬ڻӻ֣ȥҋ݋ˣ߰ĴڵԴˡ
̧ӣٵر
ڼӶˣЦС
ĴСˣ߶ڵȣȻˡ֪أûа߶ۡ
ֻˡ
һԵïʵЦ˵ټңҪǰѴˣ̫ӵ»ƴġ
һ׶ݳʲôˡĴ󳼣ÿһ߶
һֱ̫ӵô
һïʵڷϵ޿û
ïʵЦŸ͵ǣټû̫ӵ¡
ïʵ̧
ԕDŴڣûһ͵
ܻʺˣ΢΢üͷܹöЩţϲҲˡ
ԕDӴڱ͸ܻʺһĵЦݣ݋ݣˡ
С㡣ݺ͸ҲڣԕDǴһк
ĿƵŴڣһεضԕD˵DDҲڣд¡
˸ĻмغһԹԵ˵һԡ
̧ô¸ͷһŮʲôӡ
㣬˭涨ŮҲ򰡡ط
㣬İɣڲԸ⡣
DD˵ھһԸ⡣ֺõضԕDЦЦÕDDһΰɡÿοDDڣú硣
ԕDԸ̯֣㣬ڲԸҲǿ
DDؽе
ԕDٴתͷԲܻʺ˵݋ݣں棬Ӧÿ쵽ˡ
ôûһ
ߵ̫û
ܻʺֵ¶ӵĶͷΪε˵㰡
ģDD
㣬Ҿд㣬Ҳ˦±㻹İɡ
ֱţ݋ݣҲҪ򡣡ڲԼһֻ
־סĶ䣬Ҳ롣
ŤӣݵоԼĶ䣬ڲܻʺ
ܻʺ̧¸ĺ󱳣㲻Ҫˣ݋ҲӦ
݋ݡ
ڸյͼŲܻʺֱôˡ
˵Ҳһֻھܾˡ
ģζǳãԕD˲١
ţھʹԕDȥɢʳ˳㿼ѧĶ
ԕD˿ڣЩᣬ֪ò˵
ǰúõ̸һ̸ܼҵ飬ǵ飬ȻĻʹϣٸ˵
ڼһֹЦЦ˵ʲô
Ҳ֪òø˵ԕD²֪ǵ顣
?ʲô˵ġ
ԕDСǳ᣺˵ˣµ
ԣüͷǲʲô飿˵꣬ԶӰЦЦ˵ʲô
㱣֤ˣһЩˣԸø˵һ˵ˡ
֤
㷢ġ
Σ״úúãĲDD
ǻʵۣһԾŶҪҵĻ
DD⺢ʲô飬ô
ԕDȻ÷ǳࣺǵǾһ֮ĶԻɡ
ڱ⻰Цˣãһ֮ĶԻ
ȥ˵ɡ
á
ص
ïʵ棬ʱκˡ
˵ɡ
ԕDΣһ顣
ڼô棬ͷһݣҲ
ʲô飿
Сʱ˵Ҫջʮһ£㻹ǵðɣ
ǵãôˣ
ڷǳ֣ص㣬֧֧պջʮݣȻǰڶԕD˵֧ոʮݣԕDֻһϷԣҪȷ
üDDպҪȥոʮݣ˵꣬뵽һֱڲܼѧϰպͱɵض룬ܼոʮݣ
ˣԕDһۣԼСʱ˵Ļô
ȻԕDˣڲûаСʱ˵Ļһ¡
ٸ˵һ飬ҳһջʮݡ
ͻȻĬ
㲻ͬ⣿
ڿ˿ӣ΢΢̾Ϣһǵͬ⣬Ǵջʮݲһ򵥵顣
ҵȻ֪򵥰游͡ǲոʮ𣿡ȻոʮݲףԕDջ
DDһ˲Ƶ顣ȻҲջʮݣ̡Ϊһսܿ۵ϰա
ÿ͸ôǮҲһ˲ƵôԕDû˵͸ĵǮѵϰճģ
⡭
ԕDĻڳ͢Ǯÿ͸ʮʮǮ⣬һ͢ûǮˣʮʮǮŪǮƽܹ鲻ǳ֮ƣܱ֤͢һֱǮôܱ֤ĲһֱʨӴ󿪿𣿡
ԶӵЩ⣬һʱ˵ʵЩ⣬ǲûֻǾһʱƫһ磬Ǿƫһʱ
֪ͷǣǮιǣֻǵθιԽԽ󡣡ԕD˿̵ûƽƤЦǳ£Ƿ޳˵˺Լ˺ԼǸòĺĵԼܱһƽɣ
Ȼ֪ǲܵģDDҪոʮݿɲһոģ˵ʮҲո
֪Ҳ֪̻ĲͲÿ͸ĵǮǿӦ̵İɡԕDܻʺˡ
DD̻ܶˡ
̾Ͳ𣿡ԕDʵÿɧű߾ٱϰաֹˣǻñ߾ѵһֱӲܣ
DDһǳп顣
˵֧֧Ұɣ
DD֧㣬ǲͬġ
ҲŲͬͬ⡣ԕDΪ˵Ҫǲͬ⣬ʱԼȥ򡣡
ܼҸ˵ʲôҲЩöȥܼѧϰպͱ
Ҫ˵ĵڶǲܼҡ
ܼôˣ
Բܼҵͷǲ̫Щܼһ̡׼ȷ˵佫ÿʵĿеĴ̡ú˵˵ܼҡ
͵˵ܼʲôھýĶһЩһ
ֻ㣬ֻ游СǶɵ佫ҵĲܼҰɡԿ췴γ»һ췴ĽɽŪһͱȨϷ룬佫ʵȨܼҲֹ佫ңǼӧңһֱλȨأ游Ƕǳܼҡ
һ죬û뵽֪ȶٴһЩ͸˵˵ܼҵ飬ȨƵ顣
ԕDһԾı飬գգ˵㲻Ϊʲô֪ɡ
݋ݸġ
ԕDҡҡͷʦָ˵ġ
վʦھˣô˵Щ飿
ΪǴεĻ̫ӣʦֿǸ˵˲ٳϵ飬ȨƷ顣
ھסˣû뵽վʦ˵Щ飬û뵽ӾȻȫ
ԕDڵЦЦҺܴġ
һعһ𾪵ؿŶӣû뵽ôϻۡ
ʦֽңһ᱿𣿡
뵽վʦдǻ۵ˡԭͷǳڱվʦϤĽ̵꣬Ȼӱ
ԭһЩٸ˵Щ飬ڼȻ˵ˣǺúõ˵˵ܼҡ
ڷǳϸظԕD˵˵ܼҵ顣
ԕDҲ˵˵ԲܼҵĿ
ԕDĻĿɿڴ˵ʲôҪòܼң
԰ܼңòܼҲǺ𣿡ԕD˫ֱأЦ˵Ҫոʮݣ϶ҪҪܼҰ
ڽüͷ˵DD֪ܼҡ
֪ܼλȨأǲܼһѺܺõĵԕDָô棬аúѵȻҲԦѵ
ڿŶ⸱ӣһʱЩסˡ
ԕDڴؿ֪Щŵˡڵǰ˻ӣˣ
ڻع׽סӵС֣ǳӡ
㱻ŵˣ
ŵˡһοЦû뵽DDô
Ҳ˭ĶӡԕDڿһڴ
ںȻ뵽ʲôӵСǲ͸ʺ˵ˣ
ԕDתתЩ˵Ҳûк磬ͱô㡣
̧Ĵ¶ӵĶͷȸ˵ȸ݋˵
ΪܼôԕD˻ȥ֪㵣̫òܼңòܼҵȨƸʢ²ܼһвεĽɽ
Ȼ֪Ҫòܼңڻǲ̫ͬһòܼʵȨױܼҳ⡣
ܼҲᷴԕD֪⡣
ܼǲᷴǻѳֳáڳ˵
аѹסܼҡվʦѧϰȨ֮ԕDջܴ󡣡˵Ћ݋ڡ
ʺ󣿡Цһǲܼˡ
ǣҋ݋ݣ݋ݲܼ˶ԸӡԕDڶԲܻʺкܴĽ䱸Ҳûڷ½ģƽ͵زܻʺദڋ݋ӱȲܼҪ
ԕDһ޷Ϊóܻʺķǳ۰ԕD
òܼ̫ðաԼѹסܼңԲΪѹסܼҡ
ҿԵġԕDֻǸ˵òܼΪոʮݣû˵Ϊ佫ĵλ佫ĳǶԿ
ҪǸ˵ˣһˣһᷴô
ڴСܵǡʵ¡ĽСͱĹС;ĳǲǹҶСΪ佫ʵȨһ佫ʵȨͻ췴ԣǲܽ佫ĵλһ¡
˵ܼҵ飬˵һɡ
Ȼʲô飿
Ҳûʲô飬齨һ֧Լľӡ
ʲô齨һ֧ԼľӣһαӵĻŵˡ
԰Ҹ˵ԕD齨һϸظ˵ˡ
󣬳Ծذ˵ΪӲǰǷѾ𾪣û뵽ӸղŵĻһ
ʺģڲ̫齨һ֧ԼľһԕDġ
ǣԼģʹ݋ݵ݋㡣ԕDûи˵ʵԼѾ齨ɹˣһѵػ
ԕDվȥȼúѵѵ
ͬͬ⣿
òܼҰѵںܻץؼ
ҴԼѵôѵͲùˡԕDϸظ˵ôѵ˵ͬͬɣ
Ҫǲͬ⣬òܼ͵͵ذɣ
ı˵ˡ
԰Եͬͬ⣿
ӵһҡҡ
ܲͬ𣿡룬öӻСҪ齨һ֧ԼľҲŪʲô
ллԕDЦ÷ǳ𣬡ˡ
ڶԶ֣
ԕDվߵڵǰ
ְѶĳ˵DDڻСҪǺúö飬֪𣿡
ԕDڵ˼־ĺӣװӣʲôʱûкúöأĴοңûлش
ڱؾźӲţ۵ֱæĵǣкúö飬ˡ
ԕDسһƺӣɱѧȻҸûꡣ
°ͣΪε˵úúãѧ
ԕDڵĻ˸Ƿˡ
˯һڱȥ޹ԕD˯˰ʱˡ
ڸѣ
ټң̫ӵǲ⣿
DD˯ʵҕDD飿
ţԨƪûн̫꣬ӵ˵
˵ɡ
ǳȻԺ̫ӵˣٹ
뿪ïʵڵ׷̫ӵ׷ǽ
Ҳúý̵DDDDԸѧҲϣܺúõظѧ㶫ϾвŻҲвܡǣʱԸѧҲֻõȶӳЩʱͻĸԸظѧ
ԕDһ˯ʱѣ˫ߵ鷿
Ҷˡ
̫ӵ¡µԕDʱǰ
ԕDһϤŵþ˫Ķסˡ
ڿ⸱ģûסЦ˳
ԕD㵵ؿ⣺ô
Ȼڵ̫ӵ¡
겻ɢ
ԕDӵһӦ
ʲôԕDĵһ
Ȼǵ̫ӵ¶顣Ц÷ǳͰף粻Ǹ̫ӵ˵Ҫ̫ӵ¶顣
Ҹ˵¡˵꣬ԕDȾˡ
̫ӵ¡û뵽̫ӵ»ֱߣ£æ׷ȥ̫ӵ¡
ԕD⳯׷˹˵һԲۡ󣬸Ͻӿ첽
̫ӵ£Ҫܰæ׷ȥ
ҲܣץҰ
£ûո顣
̫ӵ£ܰ
ԕD׷ᡣڹ׷ҸϵϷǿһĻˡ
ԕDϾСӣһܲˡȥҪץˡɲȥ顣
ǰ԰ԕDܽ԰Ȼݵһ
̫ӵ¡̫ӵ¡̫ӵ¡׷԰ԕDŵһ̫ӵ£
ԕD֦ϣرɣӸµؿµ⣺Ҳȥ
ⴭŴվ£̫ӵ£̫Σգɡ
ߣҾԕDµ˻֣£㻹ٽҶɡ
̫ӵ£ʹټˣû¡˫ֲ˵̫ӵ£ԨƪҪ绹ûн꣬ٸ⡣
绹Ҫȥķûո顣
̫ӵ£绹Ǹɡֲ
ĶˣҲٸ顣ԕDû뵽ô׷ᡣ
̫ӵ¡
ԕDĻҪǲߣҾͲȥ˵ֲ꣬һ䣬ǲȥ顣
˵ʲôȴڵ
DDں׷˳û뵽ȴϡ
ߣҾ


42 
뿪, ȥԕD顣
뿪ԕDŴһʱ򣬱ֱ
¶ӵСԴ, Ǻô
ܹô, һֱ׷Ҳ, ҲҪץˡԕD˵ǷôҪ׷ȥ顣
Ҳúý̵㡣ӵСԴ谮˵, ԨƪҪ˵һЩ
Ҷ˵ûգٸ˵û뵽ȴҡԕDȻŭڣ, ֪Ҷ, 㾹Ȼңһġ
޿ɲǰæ˵, Ȱ, ŲߣҲûа취
ԕDŲڵĻ, һø˵ڴʲôС̣֪ôϧ, ˵Ը
ȥİԵ𣿡
ԕDͷһҲŲҪȥ˵ڸſڶҡ
ڿŶߵıӰ, εҡҡͷ⺢ӡ
վһԵïʵ˵̫ӵ²Ըѧ, αؿ׷˵, ֲ˽̫ӵµôԽǱʲôԽԸ
ǰ⺢ӲԸ飬˭ܱʧЦҡҡͷ⺢ҲĵȰѧҲԸѧڶӲҲӲӣҲǺް취
̫ӵ»Сôʲôïʵ˵̫ӵ´һЩƣ̫ӵԼͻѧ
ڵ֪ΪʲôôżζЦŷǿҪˡ
ïʵ˲ڵ˼ЦԭΪ
ǵ飬޲ˣȻDD޵ڿɲǶһǶˣóһʱ䣬Ӷ
ïʵЦû˵
ԕDûмȥķȥһصԕD͸ܻʺԹոձ׷һ¡
ܻʺ˺ҲúЦ㻹ɷѿİ
ԕDһ߳Ե㣬һ²۵Ҳϲ¡ʱһֱٸ¡ϣܺ͵һµľ
µľ𣿡ܻʺ˵ǻʵۣͨ˶ϣ˳Ϊ֮
ԕDģ֣м˵Ҫӵʵˣǹ֮
ܻʺⷬڱ˶Щ治Ļ΢΢Щ죺㲻֮
ԕDϵҡͷ룬һҲ֮
ܻʺʵΪʲô
һ֮кܶԕDʼ˵ҲΪڶ˵һζʾǺ£͸һڻʷϵĻʵУԕDϲ馣Ǿ仰عţ𢡣
ʲôľ
ԕDû⣬ͻȻôһʣɵסˡ
ûҾľ˵Ҫ˵ĻǾǰڵĺ۰ɡ
ǰڵĺ𣿡
ǰڵĺ۲ΰԣǸܺõĻʵۣĺ۾ˡԕD˵꣬ͻȻ뵽ʲôֲһǰڵ¡ҲСǵúһ仰¡Ǹûʵۣϧ̫ˡ¡磬ԻǾ
ںȲĲܻʺⷬһڲˮǺɤžҵؿȿȿȿȡ
݋ݣҴûԺʲôĻʵۡԕD˿˵Ҿϰзԣ´õıĻʵۡʷʲôģûǣһζʵ壬ġ
˵ĺܶԡӱг졣
Ҳϲҹ¡ԕDѧԭ
ܻʺ˿ԕDһ˵DDʱǺܺõһѵ𣿡
ԕDԣ΢΢¡ܿ˲ܻʺ˼
݋ݣˡ
ܻʺ˼ûٶ˵ʲô
аɣԺżѧ¡ǲܸѧģȻһ䱾
ӿɽҲ
݋ݣȥķˡԕDڹʱÿ춼ȥķ
ȥɡ
ԕDԴ֣ƨƨߵس˹Ҳų˹
ԕD˴ڵıϣ׾ųɽԕDĻС
ԕDĴ׵СԴЦ㵹Ǵ˵̧꣬´ڵͷڣˡ
ںһ󣬾̧ӿٵرԪںš
ûһԕDǾ͵˽ķ
ԽǼ̫ӵˣ׷ǰ񣺡̫ӵ¡
ɡԕDӴڱ
̫ӵ£ȶڵ̫ӵֻҪڹУÿ綼нķһѵ
ҽѵһġԕDɨһ۽ķѵأһȦס
Խæʵ̫ӵ£ôѵ
ѵԕDָָԽǣѵҪҿǵΡ
̫ӵ£ܺõġԽǷǳŵ˵
˵òáԕDָָѵأԽ˵ھѵܣҿܶȦ
Խһ򵥰
źöΣʼܰɡԕD˵꣬ȻԽǲһЦҪܲʮȦҾô׺ʹں׷ǡ
׺ʹҫضԽǽ˽СԽҲ߶һҪ׷ǣһɫЩ
ʼܰɡ
Խͷ˸
£ܿò𣿡Ⲣһð취
ɱСܲԕDܲԽǣһЦⲻ˵ܵúܿ죬һǾͲˡ
ǰȦԽܵķǳݣǵȵȦʱÿ˵ٶȶ
̫û˰ɡԽԽԽǱӵ˵
㻹ܲȦԕDһģشţȥԡ
Ծԡ˵꣬͸Խ
ԽܵȦʱ򣬾кܶܲˣŴܴߵġ
ȵڰȦߵھȦʱ򣬾ֱӵ˵ϡ
סڡ
׺ʹյڵϵĽ߶ײ
ķѵһҽ
ԭܲ˵Ľ׺ʹ׷ѵؿ
ԽǱ׷ʮȦԕDôͣ
Խһһڵϣɫʹ࣬Ŵڵغ
ԕDһŲڸоôܲ𣿡
Ҫ˵Ϊһ仰Ҳ˵ֹˣоĺȫѪζ
ԕDֿ˿ڵϰԽǣԽǽ
ԽվԕD˸񣬽Ͱ͵˵̫ӡ¡ȡĻû˵꣬;ҵؿɿȿȿȡ
ʮȦûܵ˵ôġԕDͲµԽǵУû뵽ôСǵô㣬ԺôսɱУ
̫ӵ£ǡ
˵ƽʱѵܲܲ˼ȦԕDԽǲı飬֪Ҫ˵ʲôܲǶܲ˶ʮȦʲô˵ġ
̫ӵô˵ԽǾ÷ǳ
ΪеİȫȴʮȦ߲ܲ߰

ܲѵķʽǲҪСܲԕD˫ֱأǳ࣬ÿϺѵܲʮȦ
ǣ̫ӵ¡
һǵģǿɲҪи
Ⱦи
ϢˣѵɡԕDԪнӹվڰǰʼ
ԽǼ̫ӵ¿ʼҲе飬̫ӵһ
ԕDÿǳ棬һһֱˣҲֻ˦˦ֱۣȻ
ԽǼ̫ӵôڷܵһҲ͵ѧ̫ӵƴ
һʱ̫ӵ»ϢԽҲϢ
Ǽ̫ӵÿаģһʮ塣̫ӵôʱ򣬿û̫ӵôܰѰСʹڵǣҲܼаġ
ԪɵԕDϰʱˣ˸첲ϽǰȰ裺£һʱϢˣȻֲˡ
ԕDеĹظԪɣ˦˦첲Ÿо첲ܵ㡣
£ְÿζаġԽǰڵƨ硣
ԕDһԽǵİģǲûаѰУĵض˵ǱȲһСӣǸ硣
Ȳ
֪͸ڼϰԕDһԽʮ࣬ڶϰպսͶɱһˣҲܱסԼ
ģպһڼϰ
ǼϰٹѵʱǵѵԕDһֱԽҲûʲôЧպÿ£Ҷῼǡǿ˲ͨһϳͲ
Խ⻰æǣ̫ӵ¡
Ҹλᡣο˲ͨ͸ҹԕD⻰һ˵ԽǶŵɫˣЧȻڿбֵúãҲǡ
һ͡
Խǰʱһǣ̫ӵ¡
¸³ͿʼˡԕD˼£˵һ¾Ϳü򵥵㣬ͿܲԴÿ¿˻ǰߣн͡ϣǲҪʧ
һ̫ӵʧ
㿼ˣҲԕDոġ棬ϸؼƻ
ˣˣǼѵ
̫ӵ¡
ԕD뿪Խʮּ¸µĿʮڴ
Խ̫ӵ½ôˣͻȻȦָ㿼ˣ
ˣ̫ӵ¸ոǾ仰ʲô˼˵ڼϰԺսϾɱУԱ
ǽȥս˵ûд̣ʲôս
̫ӵµڸʲô
Ҿ̫ӵԺ󡭡Խ׼˵ǻֶסˣ̫ӵʲôܲ²ġ̫ӵ½ʲôǾʲô̫֮ӵµĻǲдġ֪̫ӵΪʲôô˵뵽Ժпܸ̫ӵ³۳ɳԽͷͱûȡ
Խô˵úеûپ⡣
¸¿нͣǿɲ䡣
֪ʲô
̫ӵµĽͲ
˵ˣҪú
ڻ·ϣԕD£ܿؽ𣿡̫ӵ²ؽʲôˡ
ԕDûֱӻشǷʵְʲô
аȫټҺ͹ùãİȫ
ýҪ𣿡
Ҫ˲ԕD˼£ô˽õټҵӦ𣿡
ǰ˵ҿʹûԿ˽һ²Ҫõͬ⡣
ԣдһôҪľӣټҾȻ̫ӵʹûټһǳ谮̫ӵ¡
ܲѵҲòܼѵǶܲʮȦԕDòܼҵʿҲһ
ǵŪ֮ǰ˼Ȧ̵ᵽܲĲס
֮ǰСܲڲСˣ
ЦĲεЦЦû뵽ССܲȻô
ÿϺһܰʱĲˣҲܳܶˡ
ðʶܲȻҪúõѵ
ԕDڴϣĦ°ͣ˼
ԕD˼ʲôʵ£ʲô
빭
ôˣ
̫ˡԕDõĹֲִЯ뵽˹ūūСЯūҲǳԶ
һɻ󣬡£˵𣿡
ԣ̫ˣҲԶһ㣬ūļֻҪһ۾ȥҪܰѼʸȥ
£ѵõĹõġǲܼҵĹҲȲϹеĹ
̫ˡԕDûдĻĥôѹūŪϱӣûнӴҲûнӴūڹū˽⣬ǰʷϿǹūô죬֪ҵúúĥ
£Ҫĥʲô
ţúúôѹūڣ߿㡣
£ȵҡϽ׷ȥ
ܻʺӻˣȥԡ
ԕDÿ˫ʹؾٲֻԪɺԪźԡ
ܻʺԡһصı飬вǣæʵDDôˣڽķʲô𣿡˵꣬վһԵĲ
æҡͷùã¸ոջúõء
݋ݣû£Ҿ顣ԕD˵꣬оӿտյģԲܻʺ݋ݣҶˣŰɡ
ãš
Сﲻڣ
Сš
ûнԣҽҪһ롣ԕDҲܶһ뷹ˡ
£ƽҿûи԰
ŵʱԕDΪֱ̫ᣬв˶вȡܻʺ״
݋ݲǸ߹Ҫʿɶֹôְֲ˫þٲ
ԕDֺõضԲܻʺЦЦ݋ݣһˡҵֱ۾ͻáֱۺѾϰˡ
ܻʺֵԕDĶͷֳ˵݋ιԷ
Ǿ鷳݋ˡԕD˵껰͹ԹԵذſ
㰡ܻʺΣȴĳ谮
ţܻʺԸԕDֱֱָۣ۲˲ҩ
պô
ԕDǳɵ˵݋ݵġ
ܻʺ̫ŶӵĻԲ˵ҿÕDDպǺֹ
ǣùá
ԕDŻȥġû˼ô
݋ݣһ£Ȼȥˡ
·Сġ
ԕDҴ˸󼱼ææ뿪
ԕD뿪ºɻ󣺡̫ӵôˣôôż뿪ûм̫ӵô͵뿪
ܻʺҲ棺վͻ֪
ԕDûеȲŴڼææػص
ػص̫ӵڻʲô
£⻭ʲô
ūԕDǺĹū
ūôСĹū𣿡һȣ£ҲǹūڳĹūú񣬶ԕDĹūǳСǳεġ
ǹū̺ԶԕDֻǵúĹūʲôӣʲôز
ļٵģһţôСĹŭԶ
İٲеġԕDҲжԶǵʷϼعŭİٲ˵ֹ
£ƭ˵İɣôСĹūİٲֲţԕDƽʱѵõĹԶһٲ
ſɡԕDԼոջõĹūȥïʵʳ˾ûպսܱ
˵ô⹭ūǷǳı
ǵġԕDϸظ˵˵⹭ūô
ԪĿɿڴ
֪ᴩԽִʱ͸ö࿴顣
˵ԕD뵽˵|ҩľ֡ըȡ
˵γл|ҩİɡǵĩʱ򣬻|ҩͱо˳|ҩ̻ϣûϡ
һЩٰȸȥոʮݣʤĿԻܴ
£Ҫ˭һɣ𣿡
ʳ˾Ӧÿԡ
ʳ˾ɫˣ¶־Ӷɫ£Ҫûʳ˾
ʳ˾ӦⱾ¡
£ʳ˾ˡ㻹ٽӴɡ
ԕDֵ˲Ķͷʳ˾ԺҪΪõģٽӴ𣿡
ǣʳ˾
ģԕDȻ뵽ʲôˣеûʳ˾һˡ
£ͺá̫ӵСǴĺܡ
úúüƻô˽
գʱԕDԪɽѡ
ԕDŲһܲ
˾ڶԺܲ˰ʱ۵òŻ
ܽԕDŲȥܻʺ밲Ͳܻʺһš
ܻʺһƣģǲû˯á
ԕD˵Ϊܲôۡţϸظܻʺ˵˵ܲĺô
ܻʺһ˵ܲôôԕDǣܲԣǲš
Ϊ˲ԵʣԕDͲθڷǳá˳̹࣬
ԕDôġҲѧˣԕDԡ
ôôżߣ
м顣ԕDӻͳĹūͼֽݸܻʺ󿴣݋ݣĹū㿴ô
ôС
ܻʺɣԕDظһ
ܻʺ˺󣬾Ŀࣺ˵
ǾͿ϶˵ԕD˵ҴȥïʵŻʳ˾˸
ûʳ˾˺úܻʺԕDĽܺ󣬱˵Ĺūˡô뵽Ĺūܻʺֱӵ뷨ˡ
ù̫̫󣬲ã뵽ūԕDЩȲˣ݋ݣȥïʵ
ȥɡ
ԕD̺󣬴һԾ˵݋ݣ̫ӵĹūҪóʱСܻʺһ𳤴ܻܲʺӰ죬ȻҲ֪ԕDĹūŪж𺳡̫ӵ̫ˡ
⺢ÿζŵܻʺôϻۣǸǽͬʱеġۼˣĵĶΪ̫ˡôҲ֪Ǻ»ǻ¡Ӳǳ綮
݋ݣ̫ӵôȻǺ¡
ܻʺ΢΢ЦЦûٶ˵ʲô
ԕDֱȥ˴ïʵڴſڣԶԶ̫ӵæӭȥС˼̫ӵ¡
ɡ
̫ӵ£ҹټ𣿡ïʵ˵ټһϳ
ҲҵġԕDïʵ֣ҹ
ïʵɻ󣬵ǸԕDˡ
֪̫ӵСк£
Ҫ鷳æ
̫ӵˡ
ԕDóõĹūͼֽݸïʵûʳ˾ذһĹū
̫ӵ£ǺֹūïʵһμôСɵĹūһɡ
ġԕD֮ǰԲܻʺ˵Ƿٴϸظïʵ˵ˡ
ïʵԕDĻôסˣ£⡭
ôûʳ˾뷨ӡԕDֱһûʳ˾
ǣ̫ӵ£ԕDïʵҲûʳ˾
ˣеԕDҪĵïʵ˵˵Ҳûʳ˾
ǣ̫ӵ¡ïʵʵ̫ӵ»ʲôԸ𣿡
ԕD˵ûˣǺȻ뵽һ飬ѯʵʳ˾ʮݵͼ𣿡
ʮݣ
ԵģҪʮݵÿݵͼҪոʮݣȵúúõ˽ʮݵÿݵĵƺͻԽϸԽá
ʳ˾еģСҸ
ˣûĵͼУҲһҸҡԕDֲУйĵĶҲȫҸҡ
ǣ̫ӵ¡ïʵ֪ԕDҪոʮһ£̫ӵ·ԸйʮݣһҲ⡣
ԽϸԽá
Сס
Ǿˡ
̫ӵˡ
ˡԕDûлضȥ˽ķԽûгܡ
Խڳܣϡϡš̫ӵÿܶʮȦǲ͵
ԕDֹԽǼܡԽǳ꣬Żض
ߵһԕDʶؾ
̫ӵΪ̫ӵҪܣϽ׷ȥ
̫ӵ£̫ӵ£̫ӵ£
ԕDߣ£ղǻزܼҰɡ
仰ԕD͵ͣʲô
£ܣΪ𣿡
绹Ҫúõظ顣úúöʱԕDǻúöġٻزܼҡ
ЩʧһΪղö顣ʵܴǱ飬ϲѧϰպͱ
ʱ׷˵̫ӵ£ʲô
Ҽ׷ңʶؾܡԕDȷˣΪ׷ҵԵʡ
ǳĴ̫ӵ
ֱܵԕDĵʵ 㻹ðɣ
á˵Ϊ̫ӵ²顣
ö飬һǻġԕD˵꣬ǿ£Ȼö飬ǲġ
ԣΣ̫ӵ·ģö顣
ǾͺáԕDЦЦ߰ɡ
صԕDʵʵظ顣
յݣԕDʲôʵ£ָôʵ
ȻԕD޳һζʵǲǴģϾһҪ
ԕD÷ǳ棬ο
̫ӵ£ô࣬ʲô𣿡
ԕDͷ֪һ㡣
̫ӵ˵˵
ϰո˰ͿԕDԵĵʵ˲ԕDϸظ˵ºĵʵе
ⲢûиԕD˵ĵ۵飬û뵽̫ӵ¾Ȼ֪֪١
̫ӵڶʷˣ
ʦָ˵ʷϵ顣ԕDɲ֪ڶʷǡҸո˵ö𣿡
̫ӵ˵úܶԡ
ߣԕDظ顣ǱߣھȻûĄӣڷ
ïʵڷ˺óһЩģǰСʵټңû°ɣ
Żعïʵҡҡͷû¡
˳𣿡
һ۵˵Ĺ˵ز
ټңҪǵģЩõҩĸˡ
ҩûá֪ϵĹ˵ز˵ǣһ˿˿ϲá
Ǿһλҽ߳Ĵȥ๫β
˵̫ҽȥ
ټң̫ҽҪȥǱߣô죿
ﻹ̫ҽ̫ҽվͳȥ
ôԸïʵҲȰ˵ʲô
ïʵȥ̫ҽԺ̫ҽ
ŮDDһ󡣡ںȻ˵
ïʵûͷûβĻ˲ʲô
ټң˵Ů˽̫ӵ£
ڿïʵʵΣ
ïʵԥ˵ټңⲻϹء
üͷһ壺ﲻϹˣ
ټңСӳ̻ûʸ̫ӵߡïʵ֪ڴʲô⣬СĵȰ˵ټңҲС̫ӵһŮɡ
仰˵ڳĬ£һ˵պDDĳڵȻ֪ϵŮûʸԕD̫ԺԕDĳ
ҲҪպ󣬵̫ӵǲ׵ġïʵȰǻᷴԵġ
ڕDDźҲ𣿡û³ϣڿóϵŮڕDDߣҲź
˵ô˵ïʵ֪Ѿ⣬ôȰ˵ûá
ټңúͻʺ
뵽ʺڵʱšüͷ˵ȥ


43 
ԽԽů, ٹʱֽܷ𰡣ÿ괺ʱ򣬲ܻʺǾͻԕD͸ֽ𰡣
ܻʺֽ𰡣
ڴֽһϰ, ԢŰѾһ겻õĶȫ, ƽƽһ˳졣
ܻʺԕDһӥֽ𰣬ϣӥһڿа衣ݽһѵֽ𰡣
洫, ܻʺæͣеĻվ׼ӭݡ
ټҡ
ɡڼܻʺֽ𰣬ֵ˷ֽʱ䣬ֽ𣿡
Цӯӯʵ֪ټҽҪʲôֽ𰣿
ڿһ۲ܻʺֽ𰣬Ͷ˵͸DDһɡ˵꣬˵, ޿ˣʹDD͸ȥ·ֽ𰡣ÿ괺, ڶԕD͸ȥ·ֽ𰡣
µĺɽ羰ÿ괺죬꾩ǵϰնֽ𰡣ߣ£µĺɽֽиõͷ
⼸վȥֽ̤𰡣Ц, Ҫ֪վֽܳ, Ҫ˻ˡ
ܻʺʱ, ϶ʲô, Ȼʱ
ټ, ǲʲôԸ
飬ʲô¡
ݺʶȤںͲܻʺ˸񣺡ټң檻£ȸˡ˵꣬ʹŻûõֽ뿪ˡ
뿪ˣҲûм˵£ƵغȲ衣
ܻʺ⸱ģ֪˵Ʋʲô顣˵Ҳ
ں裬еĲյԥ¿ڣʺ֮ǰ˵һӽ㻹ǵ𣿡
ܻʺ⻰ͷ΢΢һµΪʲô顣
檼ǵã׼Ѱҡ
޵ǿһӡ
ܻʺԣüͷ΢ɼ£ʵ֪ټҿеļҺӣ
޿еĺӣߣźDDҲӣҵĺӡ
ңܻʺһҵѶϢǵ꾩ǵȨģĸң
꾩ģ̻֮ңһѵŮDDһһŮźDD
ܻʺȻ֪˵ļң仰˼ˡ
ټңס
ڲµܻʺᷴԣ׶޳ɣﻹе㲻õġ
кβף
ܻʺʲôʱһ̻ѣܾûô򵥡
ټңóһӽΪԺDD̫񣬳Ϊ̫ĺӻûѡãһŮźDDⲻϹء
DDһСŮźǺ𣿡ضԲܻʺ˵̫ҡ
ܻʺЦ̫Ц̫ơԼ޾ˣöӸһ
ټңѵŮԺDDĳ𣿡
ûеͷ˵DDϲĻ
ټңԸԼŮ͵Ů𣿡ܻʺµĴ㣬ûжŭҲûжΪֵáټңŮɲһ򵥵顣ҪȥǣȻѧź˵ĻŮԿ𣿡
ܻʺһ仰סˣ֪ԸԸ⡣
޻ԸŮ͵ʺ㻹𣿡
ټңҷԲҪҪǕDDԸԸ⡣ܻʺؿһڣټңøDDһ¡ûеõͬ⣬ֱӰѵŮȥź᲻ġ
һźӦò᲻ͬɡ
ټңʕDDȻʱܻ֡ʺ֪ڵӣ֪һֱԣôھͻŸɣһѵŮźԕDȥԕDDDƢ֪Ҫǲϲκ˶ǿˡ
УʕDDûٶ˵ʲôת뿪
ܻʺһïʵïʵ˲˼
ïʵڻصȥһ
ïʵĻתܻʺ֪
ʺټ˵ѵŮʵǳϵŮ
ϣܻʺ¶ãȻ˭
ڽǰһŮܹټϲʱټҪΪ󣬵ǴǾóϳ΢һ֮ĸԹټΪ󡣡ԵټҼǷԣͷΪ󡣡
ܻʺû뵽֮ǰ⵵ӵ飬ټҼȻϲϣΪʲôûóĳ
ټ˵᲻áֱڶټΪʲôΪ
ܻʺ⻰ûסЦ˳Цû뵽ټҶλһֱԼǹټŮˣټİŮ˾Ȼϡ
أ
ټҾͷųϳˡ
ܻʺüͷζ˵ô꣬ټһֱϵ
ǵģϵĹ˲أټ̫ҽȥĹβ
ܻʺǣЦټҶǹػ˼Ҽˣһֱ
ϵ겢˵ټŮź̫ӵ£С˲Ӧû⡣
⹬Уٻ󣬻󣬳ϲҲŮźDDҲ£жŮֵܵסеٻĵλջϳ̻ݵͼȻڹС
ʺǸֶļƵˣȻҲùټ˰ѵ
⹬мŮûĻûֶΡܻʺЦҪûֶΣټôôһֱ
ʺ
ҲŮźDDܻʺǾĶһޡ£֪ȥɡ
ǣʺ
˵һллïʵĲ²ټ˵ѣȻǰˡ
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ֲһΡܻʺľ̫Ц̫ǻ⡣
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ÕDDһܻʺһƬ䣬ǾԲÕDDһ
˵ټ˵ټҵǲǻˣô治Ļɲ˵ڡ
ܻʺһô
̫ӵǱߡ
DDӦġܻʺǷǳ˽ӵӣDDҪ֪ŮݣǾԲӦġ
̫ӵ´Բϵġ
ܻʺôáϵõ÷ǳãЦ˵öԣDDϵġ
ūȥ˵һɡ
ãʱDDţԸ
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ڶԕD˺ü磬ŵòᡣ
ΪԕD˷纮ʮֵģԪȥ̫ҽ
ԕDӣ˵ûвӦ˵һ˵꣬Цеؿ⣬ǲ˵һ
ⱻ̫ӵ⻰˵ÿЦã̫ӵ£ɲ˵
ûԹҲ𣿡
ᵱ˵Թĵʵ̫ӵ£Ĳý̫ҽ𣿡
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̫ӵ£ġͤǡ֪̫ӵûȤѧˣ֪ԕDԸѧ徭ݣͰŷǵϡ
޵ġͤǡ𣿡
ǵģ̫ӵȤѧ𣿡
Ȥ޲ǿҪôʱԼҲͺ𣿡ԕDﲻ֪ڴʲô⣬£Ͳˡ
̫ӵ¡
ĺæԕDЦЦȥˣҲԺɡ
̫ӵˣεҡҡͷûٽ̫ӵ¡
̫ӵ¡
ôˣԕD뵽ʲôһϲʵǲǹū˳
ûУʳ˾ǹټȥš
Ǿ߰ɡԕDԲԸȥš
á
ȥ·ϣïʵԕD˵˳Ůһ¡
ԕD˺һŵı飺˵ʲôҪѳϵŮŮ
ǵġ
𣿡ԕDھȻôƵ飬Ȼ˵Ůźңⲻһ顣
ïʵɲҸԕD̫ӵ¡
˵ҵôģԕD̫˼ˣΪ᲻óڹίͷӡȴҪóϵŮŮ⵽ôġ
̫ӵ£С˲ԡïʵΪ̣еӸڵ顣
ˣ߰ɡ
̫ӵ£Ҫ԰ïʵǵԕD˵ԕD˵ʲôŭڡѵټҶԳʮֿء
ԕDïʵ˼ͷ˵֪ˡ˵꣬ïʵһлллЩ
̫ӵˣС˸ġïʵҲ޳ôšЩڶԲܻʺĮ谮ϣϳ赽޷죬ʮ顣
ʵֹïʵ̺͹ŮǶڳ谮ϣܻʺһ¡
ïʵ֮ԸԕD飬ǲԕDܳŮźһ¡
㲻ңҲͬ⡣ԕDЦ˵߲ȱź򣬲Ҫһĺźҡ˵һĺźʲô
ïʵԕDеġĺӡЦˣסûЦ
̫ӵ£Ҳꡣ
ïʵ⻰ԕDݺݵص
ôˡ
ïʵæЦûô
ˣȥ
ûһԕD
ҪҳԴ𣿡
ԣԴ͡ԕD˵֪ͣʲô˼
ԕD˫ֲɵذڴͷ¿һ顣
ڣǼ鼴
ڱԕD⻰Цˣ¶ӵԴ
˵ǵ
ѵ𣿡ԕD˫ֱأرק˵ɣʲôң
ʲô㡣ӵС޾Ͳܺô
ܰǾŰɡ
ԕDһԵĲˣ԰ɡ
ԕDҲƵš
һֱͣظӼвˣԕDһ㡣
ҲԡԕDҲڼЩˡ
ãҲԡ
ܻʺš
˲ܻʺ˵˳Ůһ£ҲΪ̫ˡ
ټҰ̫ӵ½ȥţҪ̫ӵ˵Ůһ°ɣ
Ӧǵġ
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ᣬDDӦܻʺ˵÷ǳƶ
¹ټûƭ̫ӵ´Ӧ
DDûôƭܻʺʢһͲҪˣɡ
ܻʺ˵ô϶΢Щֽӹ룬ͷ
ŵʱڲûпڸԕD˵Ůһ¡ȵɢʳʱ
DD㰲һòã
ԕDбһڣа
˵ŮӣһŮ㣬òãպŮߣź㣬棬òã
ԕDͣ½ŲŹֵؿڣв档źԪɺԪأҪŮźҡ
Ԫǲһ㲻ҪһŮ𣿡
ΪʲôҪһŮңԕDһĪ˵㲻Ҳô
һѣŮǳɴҪǿϲġ
ȻڰԕDڣţҽѵŮɡ
ˣҲˣѵŮܺã㣬òã
ãԕDܾطǳɴࡣ
Ϊʲôãû뵽Ӿܾô졣
ΪʲôΪһӦԕD̫ЦˣΪѵŮ𣿡
ΪǵѵŮ𣿡
УҲȱ飬ҲȱźΪʲôҪѵŮԕDɫȻ÷ǳ࣬ͼı찡
ͼı죿һΪʲôõͼı죿
˭ǴεĻ̫ӣҪŮ͵ź򣬲ǳ̫ôԕDû˵Ůҵ̫ɣѵⲻͼı𣿡
ڱⷬ˵޷
ǲɵ
˵ɵڣ¶Ծɵ
ѵ㲻ɵô˼Ҷͷˣ㾹Ȼɵذ˼ҵ˵ͣ㲻ɵ˭ɵ
ڱ˵ҭסˣ
ʲôѣ
һҪѡ
ΪѾͰ˰ԕD˵ѱҪ
ڼˣæ˵ûУڵĿУҪ
㶼ˣ˵ҪԕDСʮַŭԵĴѵûͼıô㿴ˣ㻹ѡ̫ʧˡ˵꣬ԕDˡ
DDDDDD׷һû׷ԕD
ԕDֱȥ݋ݣˡ
ݼԕDˣæӭȥеʵ̫ӵ£Ӧټ𣿡
ȻʵûͷûβԕD֪ʲôЦЦûУҲûдӦһѵһ١
һ𾪣ѹټˣ
ܻʺЩʵټʲôأ
ɵһ˵̫ʧˡԕDѸղڵĻܻʺ˵˵
ܻʺ꣬Цúã
꣬ͷˡ
̫ӵ£ô֪ïʵ˵ģ
ԕDͷţ˵ġ˵ҲӦ˵꣬Բܻʺ˵݋ݣںҾͳȥܼңٻع
Уȥɡ
ˡнڣĳ
ʱԕDѾˡ
ܻʺԕDǰ˵Ǿ仰˵ˣټңDD˵ʱ㡣
һΣ⺢ӡ޲Ǹ˼
˵ټң̫ӵº˵УѵĺӱҪ
ôܣDDҪںڸ˵Ůһ¡û뵽ӻͼı졣ʵӵĻ˵ĺܶԣֻû˼ȴһźû뵽Ƕˡ
ټңҾ̫ӵ˵úܶԣǸѾͼı졣ݵ֪˵ǳϡ
ûͼı죬ֻ޵뷨޻ûи˵̾һ˵û뵽DDķӦô󡣡
ܻʺۿЩûڵڣټңҸ˵뾭DDͬ⡣
ټң̫ӵ²ϲ㻹Ƿɡû뵽ʱʮ꣬ھȻûǳϡֹˣȻóϵŮź̫ӵ£߳ʲô塣
ȻDDϲǾˡھЩϧʺDDѰһõŮɡ
ãϾͰš
ڼԕDûоôظˡ
û뵽DDķӦô󣬶һΪ޵ͼı졣
ټң̫ӵ´ϻۣΪͼıҲǰ֪̫ӵ飬Ҳ̫ӵǷ˵̫ӵΪټҵͼıҲܶԡ
ֳЦû뵽ССȻô裬Сʱ벻ⷽ
̫ӵ´ïʵתƻ˵ټң̫ӵˣǺúô̫ӵ°ɡ
ڶʱͷؿïʵ˵޸ô죿
ټң̫ӵκİ취áïʵһĪ˵СҲûа취Լɡ
صһïʵҪкá
ïʵæЦԹԵ˵һԡ
ڳ̾һ޲˵͵ʴף˵ľڡ
ïʵ˵֪֮ǰҾ͸˵ˣҪô
ڿЦ⺢ƢҪװ
ȥ˲ܼңԕDûмȥڲܼң꾩ǳһׯ
ҪӲܼȥׯӣţȥҪһʱ
ܼһֱԕDļӣһһٶӡЩеǾӲֵĺӣеǼҵĺӣеƶϰռҵĺӣеǰʿĺӡȻҲڵĽʿĺӡ
һٶ꾩ǳڵĲܼҲ̫ʵҺᡣܼ꾩ǳһׯӣׯɽҷǳ󣬰һٶӷ˵⡣
ѵһٶӵĽʿǲܼҵĽʿǾܼϸѵĽʿѵʿⷽһ֡
ԕDûȥȥ飬ȻҪúѵʽѵǡ
ȻԕDûȥǹǷǳ˽ġܼÿ¶㱨ѵ
ԕDȥ꾩⣬Ǹׯúô졣
һܼңȥ˯˸ÿ˯һбزٵĲ֣˯
ϱӣ˵СӶ˯ܳߣⱲҲҪ˯ԼøһЩ
˯ѺԕD͸ŲܰѧϰաѧգͲǾͿʼ
ܰǾ͸ԕDū顣
һ͸ܰ˵ԕDĹūһ¡
ܰˣȻǱ𺳵ˡ
£԰Ĺūͼֽһ𣿡ܰԿܰྫͨҲó
԰ھͻ㡣
ܰ࿴ԕDĹūʮֳԾ
游𣿡
ԿܰǳϲԕDĹū£ūҪսϻһ
ԕDһҲǫ˵Ҳôá
ȡ
游ɳ𣿡
ˣҴȥ
ܰఴԕDķԸǰĴ̵ĵطɳ˳
ԕDԲܰɳ̷ǳ⣬Ϊĺܱ档
ģսɳ̾Ϊģս
ߣ˵ھģ⡣
ܰûмȥԕDĹūվһԹۿԕDģս
ӦǱʺȻȥѵܼˡ
ҲʺǱ
ҲʺǱ
ǿ԰ˣʱˮͳ嵽桭
ҲЧ³֮ս
ԕDģսܰοͬʱҲǳľ⼸ûϹսֻͨɳ̾õսϣǲ̸ֽ
ɳ̣ԕDҵ˺һһֱɳģս
ţԕDǾ͸Ųܰѧϰ
ܰʱϹսսսо顣̵ԕDǱôսϻ
ԕD÷ǳ棬ͬʱҲѪڣһ޲սɱС
ܰ˵ָԕD˵սһЩп顣
ԣǲҪ̺áܰص˵Щ̲ò򡣡
ʮݱջⳡ̲ò򡣡ԕDᶨ˵ֻаĴˣ߾ϰղԶԶعϰȵӡ
˵öԡһʼӲܻʺ֪̫ӵ³Ҫոʮһ£ܰǷǳ˵ġܼһֱҪոʮݣǹټҲԸ̣Ҳܳոʮⳡ̱򣬶ұӮ
ԣҪڿսǰó׼ԕD뵽˹Ľüͷôûд̣ܶཫʿӦöսôɱС
ܰԕD˼˵·ģܼһúѵʿи
ҪѽʿĥһѷĵԺսɱС꾩ǵĽʿܶûսɱУˡߣЩһֱĳǴѹûյֻǻ̰ʱ򲻺úѵǣպսҲֻ·һ
ǣ¡
գȥ꾩ǳׯӼҵԕD˵ҼҵȥӪ
еĽһ㣬ôӪʿҲôѵԽǣȥӪѵʿ
£ȥӪټ֪𣿡֮ܰô˵ΪӪʮҪûйټҵּ⣬̫Ҳȥ
֪ǰ˵ǹеĽǽӪĽʿҶʹԕDЦ˵ԣ游õġ
ܰд󾪣Ȼټֻ̫ӵһӣû뵽ټҾȻ̫ӵʹǡ谮̫ӵ°
ô˵Ҿͷˡ
ĥһµѵʽԕDһ˵ѾùеĽʼѵȥׯӣҲҵѵѵĻʱƹ㵽
£µѵʽʲôķʽܰЩʵ
ԕDԲܰգգۣ˸ӣʱ游˵ѵЧٸ˵
ڴšܰڴԕD˵µѵʽ˵׻ҲԕDں֡ԕDЩ֪̫ӵ´ϻ۹ˣھ·Ҳǳ츳
游ǱдϢ𣿡ǰԕDòܼרŴ̽ĵϢÿһʱ䶼ϢϢС¡е飬ȥ̽ʱû̽
ʱûСܰԵ˵Ĳݳòڽ붬֮ǰӦûʵһӡ
ᵽݣԕD뵽
ҪĺѪأ
£Ѫ̫Ҫ򵽺Ѫס
ǾһЩԭϵԕDָô棬˼취ԼսһֱģվɿǵԼսܻǮһҪԼս
ǣ̫ӵ¡
游һɡ
á
ԕDһ߸ܰ壬һ߸ľе顣
ܼûڳְǲھְǶԾеǳ˽⡣ԕDҪ֪Ǿе顣
վһԹۿԕD壬۾е顣
Խ˽е飬ԽǾγ佫̫ˡܰԕD˵պҪ佫ĵλ佫лͿءϧڻ佫ǵ֪¡
£Ҫ佫ĵλʮ˽ĳܰźӣһ˵ν֪֪˰սʤ
游˼Ҷ׽ĳ˽ĳ
ܰ΢΢ס
游ˣǵĹϵܲԕDӣҪ˽ĳҵϳڻСǲϳġ
£ʵܸ꣬ټϳһ¡ܰ˵£ڳ϶࿴ܳ׵˽ĳҲ֪Ҵ£˵һ¡
𣿡ԕDûȥϳܰô飬ÿСãȹ꣬Ҿ͸ϳһ¡
£Ҫߣ˽ϰյܰﻹǷǳϣԕDһ
ԕDͬصͷ⵹ǡ˵飬Ȼ뵽˴
ÿ괺ʱڶܻʺ󣬻Ĵ꣬õһȥ
һ磬ǾʹԕDȥ꾩ǳׯӡ


44 
ȥ꾩ׯҪһʱţ, ԕD˶˵
ǰԕDͰ˿ƸŪ˳˿꾩ǷǳҡǴٹ, ƽϰϾʱ򶼻˿ơ
˵˿ƣǻ˵һ顣
ǰԕDŲܻʺһ, ̫֡˿ƾǴ̫ȥġ
˿, ֻ̫ŪȤŵС, ˵Ϸ塢塢ƴͼľżȺܶණ
ЩȤĶ, ֻ̫Ūͱֽ
ֵ̫ĵһԕDġѿһЩԢԹ»˵Ȥʽ
Ȿ÷ǳԺ꾩ȻϰսΪС˻
ԕDָ̫ǩԼƶȣԱ֤ÿ¶и¡ǩԼС˻ߣǩ˲ٻߡ
꾩Ƿ, вѧӳԷ⡣, ǿͨд߻С˻׬ǮԼ
, ̫вǩԼС˻ߺͻߡЩ֤߱ÿ¸¡
ԕDָ̫˱ֽ־
ֽΪ飻һ, ڶְ顣
飺רű飬Щʵġ
ְ飺רűһЩȤ飬ߴٹˣֻ˵İϢ
ַ̫ʾռָϢ, ǰϢȻ, ÿϢ
Ϊŵʵ, ԕD̫ǩԼߡĿǰ, ̫ǩԼļʮ, 꾩ÿ䣬ȡָѶϢȻϱֵ̫ı༭ɱ༭Щš
̫Ūıֽ꾩ձĿǰ꾩ΪУΪıֽ
־ֵ̫־а֡һ־Ǻױ־Сרſ꾩е·ΡΡױݵȡ
ڶ־ʳ־СʳרſǱصʳ
־ǻ־СרſǸֻ
־С˻־СС˻רſǸС˻
־Ƕ־СＯרſǱֶ꾩ܶϲèȡ
ڴΣèǷǳʥһ顣˵ھӼұһֻèҪھģ񻹲ܺס
־ҽѧ־СҽרſǿճҩģõҩȻиҩĵĿգԼ֮顣
־ѧ־Сѧרſ˲ǵ»ʫʡ
ڰ־ũҵ־СũרſǱũҵйص顣
־ǰۺ󣬾ʮܻӭ
ԕD̫Ūƶȣȿӡþֱ͵ͻļ־ĳɱЩߣͨϰպһ㶩ֵ̫־˶ǴٹˣǮˡ
еѧǶ־ͺһ𶩹ֽ̫ġ
ֻ̫Ƴƶȣ㣬˵һһǮȻ̫ҲƳĶƶȡҪֵ̫־鼮ֻ̫ܰ־鼮̫֡У˳־߳顣־߳ıīֽ⣬ҪԼ׼̫ǲṩġ
вѧûǮ־Ҳֳ̫׬Ǯֳ顣ȻҪǳߣҪּ࣬Ҫ鷨Ư
ֳ̫飬ѧṩһŵֳֵ̫ĺԺװεķǳű£ǳѧǵƷζѧǲƷ裬ܺȾʫͶ͸ݣס
ѧǺϲ̫棬дǶϲ飬֡
ԕDָ̫ԱơԱѽ̫κһ顣ֹˣڵһʱﶩ־ֽ߱Ƕ־Ǿġ
Ա̫ṩֻҲǻԱںԺʱ䡢ˮġʲôѵġ
ԕD㼢ӪÿֻʮԱҪΪֵ̫ĻԱкܸߵҪ󣬲ҪһѧˮƽҪƷв
ԱơĳԱµ飬̫ȥȡĻԱʸ񣬲ԶֹΪԱ
ֵֻ̫ͨĿ˲ܳΪԱûͨ˵ˣǧҲͬΪԱ
̫꾩ѧӺʿϲĵطÿвѧֹ̫鼮߽鼮
ԕDڶһԿŷ۵ũҵ־
Ǵ죬ũǿʼΪ׼ũҵ־ϸؿ˴ǰҪʲô˵ݡ档УʱЩʲô
һ߿һ߸̾ũĲס
ֹ֣ũף˺͹ٻҲвסԕDһЩˣ;ȲϢһʮУжס
޳ɵص˵ͷ˵öԣÿһжףֻũ׵ġԴӿũҵ־ƽԵ׷ÿһ֮סũÿ춼ĵز֣ĳ溦Ҫá
ʿũ̡ԕDԵȻũʿ棬λҪȹ̸ߣũȴ֮ײġũΪҪүɫүɫãͻ˳ũǴգũǵӻܺùүɫҪǲãͻиָֺũǾͲкõճɣʱũǵӾͲù
Ȼũǵĸ˰ǲܱ֤ũÿ궼кõճɣÿһ궼ܹϺӡԕD̾һ˵ֻÿ˳ŴƼȫүɫ£
£Ȿũҵ־ܺܶļɣӦöũá
ԕD仰Цˡ
ǼԕDȻЦһ¶ã̫ӵЦʲô
£˵ʲô𣿡
֣Ȿũҵ־Ǹũǿ𣿡
ѵ𣿡
ȻǣⱾũҵ־ǸǿãҪֵ֪صĲסԕDЦ˵˽ũҵϧʳǸũ񿴵ġҪũҵ־Ϊ˸ѧǿģ˽ũҵ˽ũҵĲףǲʵ£ŪĲɡ
Ǹũ񿴵ãһԾǿã
ЩȲֵ˿áԕDЦؼһ㵵ı飬ʵǾũǻỨǮ־ôǾũ־ô
˵𡣡ַ̫۵־һҪʮǮ˼˵ܱˣǶͨϰ˵۸ɲˡ
ũҵ־еĶֵ̫ȥũ̵ģũǻҪ𣿡ԕDζ˵Щũһӵʮַḻⷽ棬û˱Ǹ˽⡣
˺¶һĨȻɫԭˣ޶ˡ
Ұũҵ־ø߸ϵѧ֪ũǵ֪࣬ÿһʳ֮ףǲҪСũ񡣡о仰ƷΩжߣ͵ѧߣũ̡ϣͨ־Ժ̤̤ʵʵΪϰʵ¡
˫ֱȭԕD񣺡£ġ
Ϊ̫ӣЩڻСкܶ黹ˡЩġϧӡˢɱ̫ߣѷš˼ְ̫־ѷŵÿ˵Уÿ˶˽⣬ǲܡ
֮ǰԕD¹һÿ¶ֵ̫ҽѧ־ũҵ־ÿ뿴ǿҽѧ־ΪܶҩЩ˽⣬ԺսˣԾȡǿũҵ־ҲΪ˽ũĲףǲҪ̤ũء
£ֻǿǲġĵ˵ܸͬܣǲġ
˵öԣҾôʱ򣬿ôȥũǲ弸ȵʱôȥũӡǲᵽԕD˵ѧǣ̫ѧÿ֯ѧȥ伲࣬ǲ֪鲻ΪΪ츣ա
£뷨ܺãټ˵𣿡
û˵꣬Ҹո뵽ġԕD°˵һȥ󣬺úõظ˵һ˵
ȵʱǼҲɻԲ˵
ͷϺմֽĲͲչɵص˵ͷð
ŵܵͷմֽɵʧЦ˵°
ߵ̫ˣ㵽ƣôӮ
ո͵ǣ̫ƻˣơ
̫
磬ɡÿθ̫ӵƣǶ÷ǳҡ
֣ɡ
á
ԕDһԣ־ؿһȻ뵽Ӧٰһйعջ߿Ƽ־칤ġ
ȹգ꾩ڸֵ̫ƹ˵¡ˣðѴǰĹպͿƼȫռһεġ칤
ʱңԕDǲŵׯӡ
ܼҵׯɽ׼ȷ˵һɽȺɽƣɭܲûˣҵ
ׯǺܾǰܼҵһȽġʱϣΪ˱ӻܼҵĺˣɽｨһׯӡ
ǰЩ꣬ׯܼġǰׯӲű̫ӵµá
ׯӷǳ󣬴ССмʮ䡣̫ӵµһǰ˸ȫס¡
ԕDǵ֮ǰׯӵĹ¾յҪϢΪԕD׼˷ʢš
ԕD֮ǰзԸҪׯ֪˭Ҳ˵ݡ
ǵʱѵѽš
ԕDǵׯӺûмȥš
ţԕDȥ˯˯ʱѡ
֮ԕDǾȥѵعۿѵ
Ϊѵһ굽ĺӡڶǾ굽ʮĺӡʮ굽ʮĺӡ
һ˸С꣬ʮꡣÿŲܼΪϸѵ
ԕDվһԣعۿѵʱϰǹ
ǵĶǳͳһҷǳȣһҲࡣԕDѵʱı飬ЦҲǷɣһ׺ݡ
ΪˣѵʱҲӦ׺ݣɡ
һǹǶԴ
ϰԴʱҲǳݣԶһҲ顣Ȼ㵽Ϊֹ
ǿĶԴϰͷȣԣ޲ȥǶԴ
ϰԴֿʼϰȻδаģѵĽǲġ
£ѵô
ԕDѵ⣬ǰѵغܺãҵǵѵȦŴѵʿûѵܲ
ǣ¡
һ˸ѵҪȹнķѵشһЩĿһȦס
СһһȦͲˡ
굽ʮһȦͲˡ
ʮ굽ʮһȦͲˡ
ԕD۵ڵϣüͷ
ȻС
𣬼ӴǵѵÿѵܶʮȦ˵꣬ޣҲҪһܡ
ǣ̫ӵ¡
ǲܻʺõܣǲܰĶӣԕDѵ
Ǹҹ¸˵
ǸԕDȥ鷿ԕDѵƻϸظ˵˵
ԕD˵ѵʽǲǼδδŵģһ档
ÿʮȦȻϰѵٽеǹѵԕD˵ÿ֮ǰϰվˣѺѵʽ˹
վ˺ԕDȽ˲վˣ
ԕDʵڿȥνʿǵվˣеվķǳͦΣеվηηеվĺձһ㾫ʶûС
ǸŲѧ£ԭֻվź·ôѣôۡ
һ׶ûκθصѵȵڶ׶ξǸѵʮ︺أȻǶʮȻʮʮ
ϰѵΪûвãѵɵġȲúˣͿѵˡ
ԕDƵϰеܡ˫ܡšӵȸֺõѵĶ
˸ѵԕDҪʶ֣һҪѧϰ
һ֧ӢľӣͷԼ򵥺֫ĽʿǱʶ֣Ҫó
ׯרŵǶʶ֣ҲרŵľʦǱЩʦϾʦŲܼϹսġǲóսḻ
ҪǹʵĿˡֻǵѵҲҪʵսѵÿ¶Ҫпˡʤߣн͡ʧߣгͷ
£ôˣ
˷Ϊ֣һǼ򵥵ѵˣǵѵɹԕD˵ָ꣬ڶʵսˣǷΪģսˡôʵսˣƶ
ǣ¡
ʵսˣܿǵѵɹܿǵսҪĿǲŽһ¡ԕDʵսˣһҪʵģսսϵպͲпᡣ
ԕDⷬͷһݣɫǳ˵Ӣ˵öԣ̫ӵȻСھ츳ǳˡ죬ʶˡ
Ȼ̫ӵֻǸ˵˵ѵʽ̫ӵµѵʽĺܾˡŰ̫ӵµѵʽѵ֧÷ǳǿ󡣲ԣǿ
ǿҪúѵԕDЦҪѵغãʱͰѵʽƹ㵽
һ⻰˲Ѫڣɫ÷ǳ·ģһúѵʧ
ѵáԕDܼ̾Ҳ佫ңѵʿһסܼѵǶԵġǱԣҪѵ
£ôԣ
򵥵㣬Դ򣬱ԕD˵µѵʽѵһʱٰҸղ˵Ŀ˿ǡ
ǣ¡˵꣬뵽ʲôԥؿԕD
һֹı飬ԕD΢΢ЦЦ˵ʲô˵
£ûи
ԕD΢΢£˼£ͽлɡ
Ǳ־ˡ
˵£ȡǲǲ̫ףϾûС˼ԕDûеǻƵۣȡΪ̫á
ǾͽɱǰɡԕDͷǣȡɱǺʺϡ
ɱǣɱǣɱǣǺǼ˵֣֣£ã
ǾͽɱǡԕDҲΪֺơ
ʮɱǾŷɥľӡͷǱɱɥȮҲַΡȻǺ󻰡
ˣһ˸ˣÿ˶ʺȥսɱСղŹۿѵʱԕDͷЩ˲̫Сʺսˣȥѧģ˵԰ϸ߾ʦαװȥ̽ϢҪǵĳȻذȥѧ
ԕD˼ͷ˵·ģȻᰲźá
˵˵Ϊѵõˡ
ǡϸظԕDƽѵõļˡ
ԕDص˵ͷܿ뵽ʲôüͷ΢΢š
Ǳ䣬սϰⷽ棬ıȽ׺ҪսӮģǵĽʿ䣬һҪʤһ
£һӵһٶƥս̫עĿˣʱЩĳҪˡӪвսЩս¼ڲģʹõġҪӽӪһٶƥսɱǾѵ϶𶯵ġ
Ѿ游ȥɹǱ߹ǵսʱǾͿϰ䡣̫꣬׬˲ǮȻ
£ɹǱߵսɲˡ
ٹҲҪ򣬴εս̫ˡĿǰΣսĵطڱ߾ľӪ꾩ǵĽӪûжսٹҲȺѪ󡣡
⵹ǡɹŵȻǱȲϺѪģҪȴεսúܶࡣ
ǵ취ЩѪ|ҲǺõġ
ֺͲһԕDȥϢ
ڲܼҵׯ˯ú룬Զڸȴû˯á
գ糯ǰ׼ԕD顣
̫࣬ӵ²ڶһ˵
ڶüͷ̫ӵһֳ𣿡
̵̫ӵճûл̫ӵСת⼸նعˣȥ
΢΢üͷ̫ӵȥܼ𣿡
С˾Ͳ֪ˡ
̾˿漴ת뿪˶ǰ
ڼ֪Ϊ¡
ʵټң̫ӵȥˣ
޵Ĵˣһ֮¾ͳ˹ǺüնھȥܼҽӶӻع
ټңʲô
ڱʵЩΣһʱû˵
״ûȥ
ȥһ˲ܼҿ̫ӵ°ɡ
DDǸƢȥҲûáڶԶӵӻǷǳ˽⣬Ҫüա
ټңʲô̫ӵô⻹˽̫ӵ¡Ȼ̫ӵЩƤƢܺãƽټ߷Ƣ̫ӵ¼նعɼ̫ӵòᡣ
ڳ̾һһʼǺ⣬û뵽ǕDDô
ټңʲô飿
ڿ˿⣬ԥ£Ǿ⡣ҪŮԕDһ¸˵ˡ
Ȼûɫ̫ÿ
ټңŮź̫ӵ𣿡
ǣԼ⣬޻ûи˵¡
ټңòԣ̫ӵµĿǶԵġû뵽ʱʮ꣬ټҾȻûǳϣѳϵŮź̫ӵ£ǡס˵Ů΢ŮҲûʸź̫ӵ¡
⻰˵Щãûбֳ
˵Ůǳ̻ǳŮźDDǿԵġ˵ּ꣬һ䣬еĹŮ΢Ҳк̻ܶ
һ⻰֪ڶԳ
ټңֻŮǿԡǣ˵Ůź̫ӵ£ӦֻŮɡ
⻰˵ڳĬˡ
ֻŮûʸź̫ӵߡȻ÷ǳ̫࣬ӵݹأߵŮ˵ĳܲ
ʱſڱտǳ꣬ҲΪݵ΢ǾͷΪ
Ȼû¶ɫ⻹ǸܵŻ˵ټң̫ӵ»Скܶ鶼ôš
ڿһ⣬û˵
̫ӵôǶԵģټǷ뷨ɡܸ̫ӵ¾ܾ˹ټҵİšȻ̫ӵףԼݺУ֪ܶǳ̫ӵģοԺõ̫ӵ±ƭҲõ̫ӵ±Ů|ɫ
DDԸ⣬ްҲûáڿЦԸ飬˭ǿҲǿ
̫ӵһ
⻰ΪεЦЦ࣬̕DDɡ
ǴȥܼҿȰȰ̫ӵ¡ԨƪŽԕD˵ԨƪļղԕD˵ԨƪԕD֮ǰ콲ĶԨƪ·ƪҪһ𽲽⣬ԕD˽ʲôǡʡʵСʵ¡
֣Ҳֻ
ȥɣ˵֪ˣҪ޵
һѹټҵĻ˵ԕD飬ָ˵¡
ᵽ£ڵɫһ˲档
ͬʱԕDׯۿɱǾıԡ

ԷΪ֡һУǰӲᶯһ־ǻУӻᶯ
бԷ׶Ρһ׶ɣڶ׶ɣ׶ʮɡ
һ׶εɵľ룬ɱǾֵضûһѰСܶ˶˰ġ
ڶ׶εɵľ룬ɱǾֵػԡһЩѰУҲваġ
ɱǾȼͷȥǱһȡ
£ҲȥһȰɡ
鲻
ԕDͷӦãҲȥһȡ
ԕDӦˣǷǳˣǽԕDĻϵЦݽסˡ
ǣгͷԕDЦò⣬ҪˣҪǰɱǾϴ¡¾ӣҲòǸǰɱǾϴӡ
ǣô⣬Ҳֻ̫ӵó
ǺԕD̼ǣôɱǾ
ϵˡ
ҲŲ¡˵꣬˿ԕD£ҪˣǲҲҪϴ
Ļû˵꣬ͷͱ޺ݺݵ¡
񣬵ôܸϴ¡
ҪˣȻҲҪϴԕD˵Ҳ䡣
£Լ˵ġ˲÷ǳоﰵţ̫ӵˣҪɱǾϴ£ʱͺˡ
˵ģ뿴ҸɱǾϴǲܵġԕDؿ˿϶ɱǾϴµġ
ӣһŵ˵Ҳá
ǾͱȰɡԕD˵꣬뵽һ飬ǣдˣԕDڵĵӣƽʱӦýǲܻʺϲDD
ǣ
ɱǾĺǼԕDǼӸҪһȼﶼǳ졣вСԕDǣǼӸ粻ǵĶ֡
ڱ֮ǰԕDҽ¡
ҽвܕDǽԕDЦŶɱǾĺ˵ǱȼǸ缸ҲԡӮˣн͡ǣǸϴ¡
һϴ£ɱǾĺ˷ˡ⼸Ӹϴ£;ʹ졣
֪ǸҲҺǱԣ
ɱǾĺͬ˵ң
ǾͱȰɡ
һҽܡ
ǽ꣬ʽʼ
һжʮӣԕD˺ʮɱǾĺһԡ
һֵɱԣԕDĸʮɱǾĺǶ˰ġ˫˸ƽ֡
ڶֵɱԣԕDͲ˰ģպͲ˰һȦʮɱǾĺǣҲһ˰ģʣµһ룬е˰ĵһȦҲаĵڶȦȦûѰС
ɱǾĺǼԕDĸӸòкǾȣæղŵӣСԕDĸ
ֵʮɵıԣԕDĸֻԕDһ˰ģаĵĵһȦڶȦ͵ȦûһѰС
ɱǾĺǣûһаģõĳɼ˰ĵһȦòãһѰˡ
ⳡԕDӮˡ
һɱǾĺϡһֺ͵ڶֱǿԕDǴ˸ƽֱ֣ˡ
ɱǾĺǣڵֵıԕD
ѾʮֵıԣԕDÿѶаġ
ɱǾĺǵȻ䣬ļȥԕDȡмԕD˼־ˣһ˸ԕDһѰаġ
ԕDһֱû˼ԻС
ΨһһûԕDɱǾĺӣУԴûκ顣
ҲΪ֣֮ǰеֱһ
ԕD˾֣ûзֳʤ
ɱǾĺǼвܕDĹӸȻǵдƽ֣÷ǳ˼顣Ҫ֪֡
ԕDѾԶʮɣûκ
ʮɻпǷǳѵģΪԕDһѺ
䣬ûаģаĵĵڶȦԕDֻҪаĵһȦӮˡ
ԕD𹭼ĿضʮĻСúеļʸƿаġ
ԕDӮˣǼ
ķڷʾһβ䡣
ȵȣûʮĻаԕDߣÿԕDһȥķԕDϰΪ˽⣬ǴûʮĻС
ԕDЦЦ˵Ҿһԣû뵽ˡʵĶ̬

ƽʱôġ
һʮɵĻоˣҲ̫˰ɡ
Ƕͦİ
ɱǾĺǼԕDĸӸôǵƫǳԕD
һԕDľ롣
˿̣ȥ˲ܼҡͬʱԶڳݵŷ̤ϻ꾩·̡


45 
ǰ, ʧܣŷ޺ͷ͵˱꾩
ŷְͼ, 츣, һƯܱ꾩
ţ, ŷڿš
ԕDһǰдġ
ԕD֪ŷ޼꾩, дһŸ, ڴջ
ŷ޿̫ӵдţǲһЦݡ겻, ֪̫ӵ³˶٣֪̫ӵ¸ô
ŷ޻꾩, ˻꾩ְһҪǾǽ̵̫ӵ¶顣
ͬʱ, һҲ꾩·ϡ
һ˾䭸ˡ
˼, ھ꾩̫ѧ
Ȼ䭲̫Ը꾩̫ѧӾ̫ѧ, Ȼ֧֣Դ꾩
, ڽ̵޶顣
Ϣ¡飬Ⱥȿڲ衣
, 
һߺŲ, һ߳ŵġ
, 꾩̫ѧ, ˵𣿡¶ɻʵ, ֮ǰдҪҪ꾩̫ѧĲ˵𣿡
Ц˵һϲ
ãȻգգۣϲ
ǵ꾩ֱȥˣһǳϲԕDһϲǳڴۿǵı顣
˼һȻ˵Ǹۿ϶˻ˡ˵꣬¶˵겻Ҳ֪۳ʲôء
ӦԽԽÿÿ¶дŸǡȻ겻Ϊÿͨţ֮ǳϤ˵ʽˣ֪ѧô
ôӦѧúܺðɡȻһֱ͸ﻹЩ븣۵ġǰۻûʽɾͶ˲飬ʽˣӦö˸ˡ
ȼˣúúõؿ
磬˵ǿ̫ѧҲῼ̫ѧʱǾһˡ
ǿ̫ѧٽ̸ۿ̫ѧȻ۱Сܶ࣬Ҫһ飬Ҳһ¡
ӵĶԻȤǵǺĿ̫ѧ
ЦЦеĽ̵һ̫ܿѧ
ԴӾ̫ѧ䭾꾩ǵѰŪ̫ѧѧԵĿ
˼̫ѧѧĿö꾩̫ѧ
䭿ӣ΢΢̾˿Ҳ֪꾩̫ѧǶǴϾ̫ѧˣӶˣЩҲûãӡ
ǿ̫ѧһȥǵĸ׽ΣֻǸ꾩ûдϼˡ޿̫ѧ䭴ӽһ꾩ﶨӡ
ϲ꾩ǻüݰɡ֪䭲̫޳̫ѧҲ֪䭲̫ϲ꾩һչ˺õܵܣõġ
æ˵Ҳչ˺øġ
ֵ꾩ôܷġǲ̫ϲ꾩Ϊ꾩̫̫Ȩ΢Сľͻ뵽ȨС
ǶСˡ˵ǳס̫ѧõǡصѧӿ̫ѧס̫ѧҪǿ̫ѧҲס̫ѧ꾩ⷿס
ɣ꾩ǲġ䭶ЦЦ̫ѧ˷ӣպȥ̫ѧҲ㡣
꾩֮ǰ䭶źһУѰæ÷ӣҺˡ
չӷ棬ǷǳûǮġΪ꾩ǵķ̫Ҫ꾩һ׷Ӳ̫ʵʣԻⷿȽϻ㡣
ֵ꾩ְʱҲ١
ס
˵ʲô䭴ϣ̫ѧ࣬Һǵĸ׶꾩
ѾҲ˵ʲô
ˡ
ûԣ̫ѧ鲢ûдһֱΪӲҷǳǲġǾ仰Ȼ̫ѧ飬Ǿͺúö飬Ҫ顣
ɫصͷͬ˵֪
ϢˣǼ
á
ֶ
˵飬ԕD˲ǡ
ǰ뿪꾩ʱԕD͸ǲ鼮͸ǲٱīֽ⡣
ԕDַ̫۵־ֽС˻ͻĸǡ
ȻԶǧ֮üݣΪַ̫۵ıֽ־Ƕ꾩ǳ˽⡣
䭽̵һƪ׾ͺһַ̫۵־ǿǡѧ
ڿŷ޵ġͤǡڿ͵ġ¥ǡ
ʵŷ޵ġͤǡ޿˺ܶ飬ÿοᱻؾ޵ÿ¿вһջ
磬Ժܲдͤǡôõ£
ֻҪúö飬һдǺš
ŷ̫вŻˡһĽ˵˵кܶ󳼶ȥ̫ѧｲ飬֪ŷ᲻ȥвŻˣ޺ǳ㽡
ŷ꾩䭵֪һŷ޵飬ǰŷ뿪꾩ȥְ
һʧŷ꾩
ʵأ
Ҳ꾩Ҳȥְˡ
꣬Ҳһʧ䡣
һͷɥģ䭰οǵպԵǻġ
һ⻰ָ˾
ֻҪ̫ѧ飬һܼŷǡ
ͷԣպһܼ
޿еġѧ̫̾Ūıֽ־̫ˣȵ꾩һҪȥֿ̫ǰߵʱ򣬻û̫֡û뵽뿪꾩ûã̫֡
˵ܶѧϲȥ̫ʫʸ踳ԺҲԶȥȥǶཻϲַ̫۵ʳ־־С˻־ҽѧ־ũҵ־
ֵ̫ϰȻŪôÿ־
һ˵ֱ̫ϰͨˡ֮ǰдѴֵ̫顣ֱֻ֪֪̫࣬ϰȨһ˲̫֡Ѳ²⣬ֵ̫ı»г֧֡͢Ϊַ̫۵ıֽ־еĴǱ붩ġ
Ҳһв֮ˡûвŻǾԲôõıֽ־˵̫кܶ飬й±һҪȥ
ǣ磬ǲǻԱǲĶ̫Ĺ±
۲˵ֻҪֵ̫ͨĿˣܳΪֵ̫ĻԱôһԾԾԵ˵ǿȥԡ
ãȥԡֵһŵ㡣ǾκǰǾẦη壬ǻȳԡʧˣҲ£ԡ
䭺ϲӵġη˾Ӧ¸ηܴһƬء
˿̣Զݵڽصȴµ־
ԕDѱֽ־ĸֵܣҲĸ넡
넷ǳϲÿ۰Ͱ͵صԕDĸ
ںɱǾһѵԕDһ˺ü磬ŵòׯĴ˹
ׯд򣬸ɱǾĺǿˣϾѵʱ򣬾ˡ
ԕDӲû⣬ŷġ
ǰԕDͻȻأҲŵ˲ܼˡһֱܼҲʮԕDӡ
ԕDׯ졣죬׺ɱǾˡֹˣͲ˲顣
ôȻܻʺǻᵣġߣһֱȥ飬Ҫˡ
ڼûлعＱˣҲܻʺ
ʺ󣬕DDһֱûлһֱʲôʱڲ˼˵ӣֻڣЕDD
ܻʺһ۾Ϳ˵ѣò
ټңDD
ڱܻʺ˵ЩΣҪȥܼׯӽ˵꣬˵һ䣬һֱڵȥֽ𰡣
ܻʺ󲢲ȥܼҵׯӣ˵ҽЕDDDDȥ
Ǿ鷳ʺˡDD⺢ӸʺĻֻҪʺһ
ټңDDòỹÕDDѵŮɣܻʺʵ
ҡҡͷ˵DDϲǾˡ˵꣬̾һ޿ǲܡ
ܻʺͷ˵֪ͺá
ܻʺô˵ϵı鲻ɽסвЩΣЩѿ
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ܻʺվ񣺡͹ټҡ
ڵüͷ£ת뿪
ïʵ˿ڵɫ֪ܻʺˡ
ھòܻʺղŶ̫ˣʺȻãҲƫ̻ʺ⹬УȻһ֪˶ûС
ïʵûлظǰסĹ
ڵȵ˹ŷԼǰסĹ̾ȫҲֻ˽ޣ֪ʲô
ټңïʵһ˸Уĵʵû°ɣ
ڻعضïʵ˵û£ظɡ
ټңʺҲԹ̫ӵߣ̫ӵ»ʺҲˡ
ԣԲܻʺǵԹҲˡ
޲ԣȕDD޵úúõغ
̫ӵ³ȥˣӦҲˡïʵԵټңֻҪúõغ̫ӵ£̫ӵһ
Сڿɲú塣ô˵硣
ԕDڻع֮ǰȥһ˽Ӫ˿Ӫｫʿǵѵ
ӪĽʿ̫ӵµĵʮ⡣ԭΪ̫ӵ»ʲô飬û뵽̫ӵֻǵѵ
ԕDԽӪĽʿѵ̫⡣ֹˣûڽӪｫʿǵлϸܵս⡣
ںǺƽʿƽѵʱ򶼻ǳͣ˿иǽӪĽʿȴǡ
ǳʱûսֻǳʱ䱻ѹϵȫĥûˡ˵ǽӪĽʿ˵ǸΡ
ҲֽܹӪĽʿҲսǳ͢ǻᣬֻججضա
ԕDûж˵ʲô˽ĽʿһǺúѵǺúػ꾩ǵİȫ
˽ӪĽʿһԕDûоôֱӻعˡ
̫ӵ뿪󣬽ӪĽʿǻһãȻ̫ӵͻȻΪʲôѵǹǺúѵ
ƽкúѵû͵ѵ̫ӵ¶ǵѵ
ܽʿǶһãģҲûжֻͣ˵Ҫϸѵ
Ҳнʿʲôǵͷ÷ǳ
һֱټҼûӪ⻹ǵһлҵӪһ̫ӵ¡̫ӵǴԵ޹ӪҲĪعǺúѵ
̫ӵӪĿģĿľǺúѵζԺпܡ
ߣ̫ӵӪͷһ̬ȣһ׽佫̬ȣζʲôЩĽʿһ뵽ͱ÷ǳ
ܽеĽʿӦ˹ζض˵һ䣬սı׼ѵµʿ
ЩĽʿ⻰֪ǲ¶ˡ
ԕDعֱȥûȥ
ܻʺϸش¶ӣӾ񲻴ˡ
⼸ȥׯӣÿ𣿡
ԕDԲܻʺõЦЦ÷ǳġÿģջܴ
ڣܻʺ󲻷ԕD
ÿľͺá
ʱ洫
ټˡЦټҿ϶֪̫ӵ»ҴҵظϹˡ
ԕDһСǳˡ
ݼԕD˵û̫ӵ£⼸չټһֱ⼸ղڣټҶû˯áݼ⼸տ̲סҪ˵û
ԕD˫ֱֲأһС˵ڵһҲҪ
ڸ߽⻰æ˵˭˵ڵһ㶼Ҫ˵꣬ææߵԕDǰȥӣӶ㿪ˡ
ԕDڲܻʺԶԶġ
ڼӶЩʧ䡣ҲµСûôú塣
DD֪ˣǸǸҲֻԕDˡ
ԕDվڲܻʺûгҲû˵
DDĲأڵǳǳ㣬㿴òá
ݼôԕDذ˵û
̫ӵ£ûټգ㿴ټҡ
DDòãڵԽûˣ㣬õúõؿ㡣
ԕD˵պֻƵ
㻹ʲôֲҪԕDʮְ˵
ӴˣﻶϲڵDDҪ֮ǰһʱͿŻõѵŮ㣬㲻ϲͲ㡣
ܻʺ̧¶ӵͷʹʹ˾˳ȥ
DDòãڶװͰ͵ģԕD֪ˣһĹµĻᣬòã
ԕDüװͰ͵صڣ֪ˣ
ͷ֪ˣٸһ𣿡
ҲǲܲᡣԕDתתС¶һĨЦݡ
ڼӻЦ֪ڴʲô⡣
DDҪʲôǰԕDᱻԕDݺݵթһѡΣ϶Ҳᱻթ
ԕD֣ڰյԕDǰţͱԕDݺݵؾ
ɶ
ԕDݺݵڵذ˰ĺӡ
ڱεۣһ硣
ԕDڵסıӡ
ôôɵ
ǣɵDDںˣDDԭµòã
ñ֤Ժô顣
㱣֤ԺԲô顣æ״
ҪġԕDغݺݵթһʡ
ԕDҪĶĶҪۡǣΪöӿģҲҪ
ȫ㣬ԭµ𣿡
аɣҾԭ㡣ԕD˵ţֺݺݵڵ´ҾͲô׵ԭ㡣
ˡڳԕD˫֣ɲԱ㣿
˭ҵԕDСģʮǿɡ
ſ˫֣ذѶӱСûӣӡ
ԕḐڵĺ󱳣㱧𣿡
⻰ڲɵʧЦַſӣӵС
С첻һ㶼𣿡
ΪʲôҪ㰡
Сûĵģտɶ㣬õһ
û취㱧һ
ֱһӣڲŷſվϣڹĵʵȥˣ
ȥׯˡԕDЦ˵ׯ档ڷܼѵܸȥܼׯΪ˿
ʲô
һҰ˰ԕD˵ظ˵һͨ˵뵽˴ҽܲܺһȥ
㻹СٴһЩٴȥ
ҲСˣԕDǰ·ĴӦõǶ弸ᵽũĲס
ΪΣ
ÿ괺Ͳôһ޷ôᵽũĲסԕDС˵вٴ󳼸˽յĲףֻᵽյĲףǲŻ̤̤ʵʵΪ¡
ھöӵⷬ˵úܶԣǲ弸
ɡֹˣպ㻹Ҫȥݡ档ԕDָ˵ȻȵյʱϰոӡˣҪ̫ѧѧôǲ֪ļ֪࣬Ϊ츣ն飬Ϊ˹»顣
ھö뷨ܺãͷͬ˵ã˵˵꣬ʵ㻹ʲô⣿
̫ѧѧȥļࡣѧдǵĸܡԕDո˵꣬һ⣬ø㼸أ̫ѧѧԼֵȻԼոӡһЩĶ˵ˣ߹ʲôġ
ⲻԸȥʵ𣿡
̫ѧѧֵĶǿԼԣҲ͸ƶ˼ҡԕD°˵Ҫ̫ѧѧܵջϲãͬʱҲǸܵ˵ĳɾ͸С
ӵСԴһο˵뷨ܺá
ԺʱҲҶȥߣ˽ļࡣ
û뵽ӻģǳˣãԺȥߡ˵꣬뵽ϾҪˣٹգȥأòã
ð
ʱգũأΪ׼
۵ġ
Ҳۣ𣿡
¡ˣգȥֽ𰣬òã
ðֽ𰣬Ǿȥء
СӶôȤкǿοȻʱһۣģĺܲ
գ˳󣬾ͼææǰ
ѵûб׺ʹϷŪ
硣
ԕDȹ˸񣺡̫ӵ¡
ɡԕD˵꣬Ҳ˸񣬡Ǹ⼸û顣ȻԸѧǲ⡣෴ϲ⣬Ҳûж飬Ӧⲻǡ
΢΢£漴æַԕD
̫ӵ»ͺáԕD֣ĵʵº͹ټҺͺ𣿡
ͺˡԕDЦ˵ٲͺãҪˡ
ⱻԕD仰ˣ⼸գټҺܵ㡣
𣿡
ġοؿԕD̫ӵ£ܸô񣬾ܾ˹ټҵ顣
ҿǺܴġԕDͦСţ˵
̫ӵ´ϻ۹ˡ
鷿
Ԫɶ衣ԕDȺȿڲ裬ڽ顣
裬ҲûмŽ̵ԕD飬ʵ£ջعǰȥ˽Ӫ𣿡ԕDǰȥ˽ӪųеĳǾ͵֪顣
ôʣԕDһҲ⡣
԰
£ȥӪʲô²ǲܼ˴ԕDȥӪ
ܼҡʯҡ߼ҡҡżһֱûзոʮݵ뷨û뵽ڰ̫ӵϡ
ܼ̫ӵµҡܼ̫ӵ£̫ӵԺӦȥոʮݡ
Ȼ̫ӵ¸ܼߵúܽǣܼ̫ӵµңûɣҲûʸֹ̫ӵºͲܼ׽
ȥӪĽʿԕDһ޹ֿɰ˵Ǻúѵ
һǲܼ̫ӵôģ
ܼҹȻûзոʮݵ뷨
£ôȥӪʿǺúѵ
ԕDֵؿһ⣬ʵҲȥ𣿡
ʵ㶣˵̫ӵ²ȥǡ
£ȥ˽Ӫʲô룿
룿ԕD˼˵ûʲô밡
ûʲô𣿡ʵ£᲻þӪܺ棬ߺࣿ
úݽӪʰɡԕDʼ˵ûʲô룬Ǻ͹еĽһ
̫ӵ¶ԽӪûʲôĸ룬ﳤһ
Ӧʲô𣿡
ҡҡͷ˵ҵĵ»ᱻŵϾӪôˣ赶Ūǹġ
ҵĵӿûôСԕD˵еĽҲ赶ŪǹǵְΪ˱İȫʲôµġ
˵öԡû˵⣬£Ǽ˵Ԩƪɡ
뽲
죬ԕDԨƪʱ˵˲ٹսп顣ԱսϰմĿѣʵϰմõ
ԕDװ⻰İʾ⽲֮ǰͲµ˵սĲпᡣ
£սǲ̵ģһսƱػϰʧ˵꣬־˵κϱʱʷκϱսҲϣŪͿ̿£һսҾͻöϰվͻܿ࣬Ϊϰգ׷ս
ԕDͷ˵Ȼڴⷽ棬ԕDø磬Ϊû˼
̫ӵ°Ļ˽ȥص˵ͷż˵ʵʵ¡
ʱͣ£֪ûпգ
ԕD˵ʲôȴˣ£ûиˣܼܲ飿
пգ
ԕDôʣһϲпգп𣿡
а顣Ͼûи飬Ӧø顣

ãȥˣߡ
ߡ
û뵽ԕDôý׼һӵĻȰ˵£ȫûó
´Ӧ飬ܺõػصԺ
࣬鲻̵̫ӵº˳˵꣬岩뵽̫ӵȥӪһ£æʵ̫ӵΪλȥӪ
ܼ˴ȥģ²ûʲôĸܡԕD˵Ļ岩˵˵
岩˲٣
ܼҹȻûзոʮݵ뷨
ǼټҲӦոʮݣͰ̫ӵϣǿɶ񡣡
ܼ̫ӵµңܼȻŹôõĻᡣ
òܼǵ̳ɹ࣬ƽ̵̫ӵʱҪˣܼƭˡ
ǷģԲòܼǵıóѡ
ԕDȥţҲˡ
ܻʺ˵֪ȥӪһ£˵ʲô
һֱոʮݣԸĿսˣһҲ⣬ȥӪǵȻš
ڣܻʺû˵ʲô
ҾȥûʲôǸʲôôšԕD̫֮
Ϊܼҡؿһ۲ܻʺûбܿ˵ܼҺʯңһֱûзոʮݵ뷨
ܻʺ⻰۾û̧һ£ͷš
ðɡԕDȥӪһǿӪｫʿѵôһ̽ĳǵ̬ȡȻĳǵ̬ûʧ
ڸ˵ʲôԕḐִոʮһ£֮ǰ۹˵ˡ
㰡
ʱȥӪˡĳǵ̬ȣѾ֪ˡ֮ǰĳ֪Ҫոʮһ¡
΢΢ͷǾͺá
ţԕDض˯һһ顣
գһֱڸԕD˵Ԩƪ·ƪݣ̵ԕDγΪһʾ
գڴԕD͸ȥµĺɽֽ𰡣磬ԴԕDȥء
صʱԕDִʹõ߲̫ãЧʲ̫á취ߡ


46 
ǰʱ, һּ⣬̫ѧѧÿȥ伲̫࣬ѧѧһֵ
ּ´, ̫ѧѧȻ, ׹ټΪʲôּ, ʥּǱӵġߣ̫ѧѧֵػҪƽʱҲǺ˵ѧ֡
̫ѧѧÿһ˽ԣں¿ÿһι, һԡÿοԵĳɼҲڱҲ˵Ҳѧ֡
ǰ̫ѧѧıֺò, ȫԿúòáúûн, ò, Ȼгͷ
̫ѧÿ꼶ΪұĸࡣȻװõİ࣬Ȼİࡣ
ÿµ˽ԣúѧܴӲð, ðѧҲܵࡣһѧ, һʮ˽Զ÷ǳһûУͻᱻ̫ѧ͵, ̫ѧľǳҡѧҪŬƴ, һ˿и
ԭ̫ѧֻƷϵŮƽϰյŮǰ, Ƴ, оһǹ̫ѧġĸ̫ѧ, ʼƽϰյѧ, ˿̭ƣǰ˵ĺðѧࡣ
ԕDһʼ֪̫ѧ̭Ƶʱܵ˺ܴľţΪ̭һû뵽γѧǶôˣ̫ѧѧѧϰʷӼҪѧϰ黭ʱͬһ̫ѧѧ
Ȼ̫ѧ̵ѧȫ淢չԕDû̫ѧ̳ѧӣǹԣ̫߸ϣһ㶼˽⡣ԣŻ̫ѧѧȥ伲ࡣ
պҪĹԱ˽伲ֵ࣬Ҳǳ˽⡣ΪֻԱǲ̤ܽʵΪϰ¡
̫ѧѧʮַԵġһǣǾԼƽʱ鶼ǳæûϾʱȥ棬ʱȥ伲ࡣǣǾԼǶˣôũһȥֵء
Ȼ̫ѧѧԣʥּǱ̫ѧİЧʷǳ죬ûþŪ˼ѧ֡
һʼֵʱ̫ѧѧǷǳܵģһʱ䣬ǾҵȤѧϲֵءкܶѧԸġ
ԕD֪̫ѧѧǺܺõֵοʱգͲܻʺҲڹ
ϱԕDүү̷ǳϲֲֻˡүү̵Ӱ죬ƽʱҲֻʱүүֲˡ˵ֲ˷治Ǹ֣ҲʲôĲ
ֵĲ˷ǳ࣬Ͷڳٿյֲˡ
һʼԕDֲ˺Ը⣬һˡÿĵһ飬ȥ˵ؿûгÿ˵Ĳ˶ᷢ仯һһ쳤Щ˷ǳгɾ͸С
ǶԕD̫ѧѧֵһº޳ɡֵصķ糱̫ѧ͹ңҲڸ󳼼ڣǼ棬һ¾ʶԷĲֵôֵúõĴ󳼻ܵҫֵòõĴ󳼰¾һҪֺá
ʱԕDڿԣǡ
ǰգԕD꡶ѧϰӡ֮ǰúúõؿԕDԡ⡣
죬ԕDǰѡÿƪȫĬд죬Ҫÿƪݵĺд죬Ҫÿƪдһƪ¡
ΪԕDİȻҲҪһ𿼺ˣɰΪˡûʲôҪúòöν
ʮ죬ԕDڰѡݿˡԺֵÿȥѧϰӡ
ԕDдø岩һġȻԕDдʱϲûĴ壬ʵĴʻȴǳģʱһѪ
̫ӵµ£ǳô˵ɣ̫ӵµ¾һʯͶ뵽ˮУһȦȦþ޷ɢȥ
Ű̫ӵ´Ű岩ǿ̫ӵµ£þ޷ƽĲ꺢д¡
Ӽ⣬Ц̫ӵ²ѧСҲǳд£ʮ꿼нʿ
д£̫ӵд£ʦͽ
౻ǿ佱ǫЦЦʱɲд£̫ӵ±Ҵϻۡ
岩Цʤ
Ӽ޵̵úá
ڰ˵̫ӵ´ϻۣһ̫ͨӵ±ȹټСʱˣֻҪúõؽ̵̫ӵ£̫ӵպȹټҸгɾ͡˵ʵҲû뵽̫ӵдôõ¡Ȼ̫ӵôͨЩͨĴʻһӵʱȴǳشġ׼ȷ˵ܴĲ̫֡ӵд£Ҳҵͻ룬û뵽̫ӵ»дˡԭΪԼ˽̫ӵµĴϻۣû뵽̫ӵ»ܸϲ̫ӵ¾һأÿζ־ϲ
Ժöھ̫ӵµĴ
岩̫ӵµ£Ȼ뵽һ⣺ҽ̫ѧѧ̫ӵд¡
Ӽǳ޳ɣã̫ѧѧǺúÿ
ȸټҿ󣬾ȥ̫ѧԕDдĺ£Ӽ˵ȥټҿ
ټһǳ˵ġ
뿪ӼпټҸ̫ӵȡΪDûȡ
̫ӵʴӱպһܳΪε̫岩Ц̫ӵ»СֻǸոĳ
ؿŶд£߿߾̾ãããдĺã
ڿƪºſ˵ټң̫ӵ¿ɱСʱˡ
ڿĵЦDD⺢ӱͱСʱҲû뵽ôͻдˣ̵ĺð
Ҫ̫ӵ´ҲЦݣ̫ӵÿһζܸǾϲ̵̫ܽӵôѧｾοͬʱ־÷ǳҡ
⺢ӴţͬʱҲǳƻǷжԺԶ෢Ĺ֮
һ෢̫ӵĴϻָ֮˵£ԕDȥ̫ѧѧһ¡
ڵȻԣ෴ǳ⡣Ͳ˶ܿд¡
磬ԕDд¾ʹ̫ѧ
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Ϊһ£ԕD̫ӺȻ
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꾩ĸ¥˵˵ԕDдһ£ԕD졣
ڵ֪ԕDţǳ⣬̲סȥܻʺ˵
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ԕDҲ͵֪ԼŻ̫ӣûһϲãˡ
վʦԕDһüı飬Ц˵ţ𣿡
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ԕD°͵ϣ˫ֱͷһգʧˡ
ѷҲˣô롣վʦźӣЦЦ̫˲һ¡
ʦ֣ҪԺдõᱻġ
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վʦЦЦŶԡ
ʦ֣ǼɡͨˣԕDͲ顣
á
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꿴˿Զһоǳߴߴ
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СӣһͰЦСӣҪȥʦǽͲˡҪ·ѯɮˣǻġ
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׶쾹Ȼıϣ֮ǳشСɮˡ
СɮýŹסϣýű˵ߣִ֮
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ԕDȻԶиڿǣµĶɵضסˣվڲԶ˵ʩ·𣿡·ǳ󣬵һλ˺üεµ˺·
عԕD˹ȥԕD˫ֺʮСʦ
ԕD˫ֺʮ񣺡ʩ
Сʦû·귢ǰλСʦǴУ÷ǳƯ˿̲סϲġ뿴Ӹߴ
ôԕD΢΢ЦЦλʩᱻɫ޵
ϧˡɣӦм˰ɡ
ţˡԕDָָҶʩժƬҶȥ˵Ŷ
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ԕDϸشꡣ곤࿡㣬ƤЩ԰ףЩ硣
ʩİ㽭Ǳߵģ𣿡
ǣСʦǺǮصˡ
ÿкܶຼݵ·
ʶԼûнܣЩʧæ˵Ǯˣ֪Сʦôƺ

ֺϤһʱȴ벻˭
ԕD˵ҽиۡ
ۣ΢Цһ֡
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Ĵ˳꾩
ĴɰԕDĽˣͬʱּʺˡΪҲĴݲĴ档
꾩ûʲôõķ羰кܶóԵġ꾩Ψһķ羰žַҹʩϿԹһ꾩ǡַǳ죬벻
꾩ҹһҪȥʶ
ҿҪƼطԕDǳҹУҷǳϸ˲ʳˣǿҽȥ̫֣벻顣
ллСʦƼ
ԕDỹ£һ뿪ˡǰһҪµĵĺի֪·ɮ˴ȥ
ԕD뿪ˣֱˡ
һȤֳԵСʦͷ˿еҶЦ컹˰һ׵ţȻƯɰĸСʦ
ԕDһͻȥվʦ顣
˭ˣôģվʦʵ
һˡԕDĻû˵꣬Ȼһ⣬˭ˡԲۣϪ̸
̧ԼĶͷɫǳա
УȻ벻˭ǡ
˭
һˣԺкܴĳɾ͡γĿѧҰȻˣǡԺ󻹻
վʦԕDЦЦζ˵ǼȻǾ˵ԵԺ󻹻Ե
ԕDЦЦƶ˵Ժ϶
Ǽ
ԕDĻţҲ˵ġȻµ˵ǸƼԵģȻǳԲġ
ԕDߵʱ򣬸ҪţԵģ͸ɮ˵ܵģܳԵ
û뵽µķ˺͵ôóԡĸȥ㣬ҲţǴûгԹôóԵġ
ķ˺͵ĶôóԣǸСʦܵҹĶһóԡһҪȥ
ţ뿪ˡԭǰСʦ𣬵ɮ˸Сʦʱæֻɮ˰æת
뿪ºȥ̫֣Ȼ𺳵ˡ
ֵ̫һжԾûм֣Ҳûмֽ־һж˵ʵ̫ˡ
Ļƽﾪ̾꾩꾩꾩ˡ
һһ϶ֿ̫飬ֱִ̫ȣ뿪Ϊֿ̫鿴̫Ͷ룬ͰȥߺӺҹһ֮Ժˡڶһ磬ֿ̫顣
ԕDպҲû£µӦ̫ˡ
ǶˣֻҪȥ̫֣ͻյشֵ̫Ķÿ춼ἷˡ
̫ѧѧѧҲ̫ܵ￴顣
һִ̫˰£ڰ̫ʷӡıֽ־ȫˡ
ǳֹˣҰҲ˲١Сʦ˵û̫һõط
ǳϲ̫֣Щ᲻ûȥˡҪ꾩ǣÿֿ̫顣
꾩һ£ǵûȥĸ˾ģͲԥ̻ܿȥˡǰ̫Щֽ־
뿪꾩ǺĶʮǸڵִ꾩ǡ
꾩Ǵ㳤סġǸ˵ִ꾩Ǻ󣬾æʰ١
ȰٺúѰԕDĲɣԕD¡
£ԕDѾѧʮ죬صˡ
ûмԕDֵʧǲ֪ԕDļµɮ˵԰ţ꾩ǵĵַɮˣɮתԕD
䭼ôЩʵôôͻأ
ûۣ£ؼˡԭԕDһϲû뵽ûмԕDѾµɮ˰æת꾩ϢӦûǡ
磬Ҿ˵Ӧǰ˵۾ͻµǡ
û뵽۲һֱ¡ʧˡ
Ǵеģ᳤ʱ¡䭰οӵգۻǣҲҪйڣҴȥ̫֡⼸գһֱæʰ¼ңǸæﶼȥ
һҪȥ̫֣ͱü
䭴ȥֵ̫֣̫Ĺģ𾪵ˡ
ȻԕDϸؽܹ̫֣ۿһ¡
Ƚ̫֣Ǹһα𺳵ˡһжǵ
ĻƼǸ˵һ̫֣ǳϸǽ̫֣һһ㶵ġ
Ƚ̫֣Ǹ˽̫д¡
һ̫̫ӵµ£ȻҪȿ̫ӵµ£Ǹп꾩Ի̫ӵ¶ôвŻǷǳˣҲǳǵ̫ӵôвŻ
ִ̫ϣǸ˲Żص
ֿ̫һУ̫ǳԾֱǵ鶼ûƽ
˵꾩ǶԵġ֮ǰ䭻̫Ը꾩̫ѧȥһֺ̫ı뷨꾩̫ˡ
˵ûֻҪȥ̫־ͻ꾩ǶԵġ֮ǰø۵ĻЩˣǽȥָ̫֣˵һûԹʵû꾩仯ĺô󡣡
ͷ꾩ܺͺܶѧǽһֱ˵鲻ܱ쳵ĶҪȥ߿Ҫ˽ܽ
ǿ̫ѧҾͻüݽĸ׹ֹް̫֣Ҳϲ̫֡
ͻȻô޲ʧЦ
⼸ǲҪȥֿ̫飬ڼ︴ϰɫ˵Ҫǿ̫ѧڿ̫ѧ֮ǰﶼҪȥڼúøϰ֪𣿡
Ȼ֪أ˹ɵصͷģ⼸һúøϰ
ǰգһ꾩ȥ̫ѧμ̫ѧѧԡ
̫ѧѧûй涨ʱ䣬ʱʱһ㣬̫ѧѧԷǳԻμ̫ѧѧԵѧӣѡʲôʱ򿼡
ѡµ׿µ׻ʮ졣ʮ㹻Ǹϰ
ԕDյš꾩ˣǳϲ
ԕDһֱȰ˵꾩̫ѧһֱܾΪĲ꾩̫ѧʱǾȻ꾩ˡ
ǾȻûǰһϲϲϲ
ԕDԭȥǣ뵽ʮ֮|Żȥֿ̫飬ͷˡһȥǡ
ܻʺ鲻ʵʲô£
݋ݣ꾩ˡԕDЦ˵ھ̫ѧˡ
ܻʺ£һ˭
ǰ꾩ĸˣ
ԣһֱȰ̫ѧˡһ뵽ԺܾȥǣԕDͷǳá
̫ѧɲÿ
޵Ĳѧһ̫ܿѧԕD˵÷ǳ϶ҶǷǳġ
Ȼôϲǣһȥ顣ܻʺô꾩̫ѧ뵽⡣ǿһ顣
ҵİ𣿡ԕDû㡣
ܻʺ΢΢ףԣǾһ顣
ԕD˵˰ɡ
ΪΣ
꾩̫ѧΪԺ󿼿ƾ١ԕDһ˵Ǹ߶ֻᵢǡ˵ȥ̫ѧ飬ܸͬ˽ܸѧӳΪѣҵĻиָǲáǼû˵٣û񲹵ģǲᱻͽʿֻԼμӿƾ١
ǲͬȻܼûڳ͢ҪְƾܼҵĵλвܻʺԺҪʿĻҲܱ͡
ҲǡʯݻͻټӾʱҲܵõ񲹣òμӿƾپܱͽʿԕDİ
ܻʺΪѿǵôȫο
ȻǾȥ̫ѧɡ
һȥǡ
ԕDյ꾩̫ѧĺϢҲյһϢǺϢɡ
ǰʱ䣬̫ҽȥϵĹ˿һȥûл
£̫ҽһֱңľϵĹβĵ£ϵĹ˵Ĳκˡ
κ˲̫ҽԭΪû飬Ի꾩ˣû뵽ϵĹҪϺ롣
ϲԸ룬ĹԸ룬Ĺ˼Ҫ룬ûа취ֻͬ롣
󣬳Ͼ̫ҽһ꾩
̫ҽųĸŮһ̤˻꾩·̡
յϢ󣬲ĳǣïʵɻʳ˾ȥǡ
ïʵóϵĹ˼ֺͳϺ룬֪Ϻ͹ټҵ顣ϵĹΪټҵĹϵٺͳޣǻáϵĹ˴һ⣬ǾͲ̫ˡ
һֱټҶԳ³ϼӣټҲһֱߣټҲЩڵųϳˡ񣬳Ϻ룬ټֻ»óϽΪ
ïʵ룬߲ܻʺ
ܻʺ֪ﲢûκβ
Ҳԡ
ʺïʵû뵽ܻʺ󲻷ԡ
ټҵӣ˽⣬Խ飬ԽҪԲܻʺ˵ֻҪ˺ӣʲô飬⣬Ҳܡ˵ҪɳΪҲѯҵҴ𲻴Ӧ˵Ҫ
⵹ǡ
ïʵĬˡ
ǿ϶ᷴԣǷҲûáܻʺ˽ڵӣ˵ټҺ֮ǰųϳˣôιټҾͲٴϣһóϽġ
ʺϿɲһֵˡ
ֵַĳԕDD飬ҲʲôܻʺһƬ䣬ҪԕDDǲŹġʱټҶŹ
ֻ¾˵ټһóϽ
ҲҪܣټȥʲôƵڲܻʺﶼġ
СġϣϽʵЩҪ̫ӵ²Ȼֻ·һ


47 
һ, ԕDԽͲȥǡ
ס̫ѧ߻ǳãֵɾְһǳʺ϶ĺõط, ס⸽˲Ǻܶࡣ
ЩԶ, һǲסġסˣѧӡ
ѧӣõģԸס̫ѧ, ̫ѧⷿӡ
Ϊ̫ѧĽֵ˹𻨡ÿʱ, ʢϮˡ
ȥסĵطҪ̫ѧſھԕD̫ѧſͣ, ش´εѧ
̫ѧſڿͨͨ, ȴһɺʥĸоֻվſ, ûнȥܸܵ洫ŨѧϢ
ԕDվ̫ѧſڳٳûߣɻʵ, ڿʲô
ԭ̫ѧԕDһ̫ѧ, ֮ǰûЩһе̫ѧǳĺ, ͸Ĵѧһ
, ̫ѧʲô
ǳ
, ˰ɡ˫ֱأһмؿ̫ѧĴ, Щ˲ǽô, ̫ѧôܺ
˵Ҳǡ
Խʵ, Ҫȥ𣿡
ԕDڰ֣ȥ, ǻȥǰɡȻ̫ѧЩ棬ҪĿľǼǡ̫ѧԺлȥ
һӣԕDסĵطһŴԺӵķӡ
ԺĹ¿飬Ȼǰʱһ¶ϲɫ
һǸˡæе飬һܵſڣȲشš
ԕDվſڣеһʳУֵЦЦˡ
޴ţԕDվſڣ˲ɵסˣؿԕD
겻۲˺ܶ࣬Ư˺ܶࡣ
ԕDؼ̳ںͲܻʺŵ㣬ٷǳ£µǻһһĻġ
ԕDֵɵɵ̧ǰ˻ӣ᲻ʶ˰ɡָָԼǸ۰
޻ع˾ϲؿԕDۣ
ޣþòԕD˾еʳУ꾩óԵĵǡ
ֵһóԵĵģ˵˫۶һȦҲ˺ܶࡣ
ۣ
ʱֵŷԽͲǵĴڡ
Խǻӡ֪Ǹ۵ǣûм
ۣλǣ
ұ磬
ǴкǺá
á
ֵԕDǽ
ԕDǾڹµǰ
ԕD˲衣
ԕDʳУĵ˳
ǱɣܽǼ⣬Ǳӵ⣬꾩ĵģǳɺܽЩԕDùŪģȻ󴫵䡣
ɣܽ⣿ֵһãΪЩģûҲûм
ЩµĵģǴӹдģǳóԣǳԕDùеŪִĵģҲŪִʳ˵Ѽտ±ˡȡ
һǹдģһɳġģһζ
ֵһڣ˫۵ʱ˺ü֡
óԣóԣóԣһ˵óԡ
ģҲóԡ
ֵҲˣ˵¶ǳҸı顣
̫óˣ̫óˣ
һ˵Ȼóԣⶼ̫ӵŪġ
⻰˵϶¶ɻ󲻽ɫ̫ӵ£
ԕDصһ۲漴ǽ͵˵Щ̫ӵϲԵģȻʹӹﴫ˳
æͷԣЩĶ̫ӵ°Եģ꾩ǵ˰ЩĽ̫ӵµĵġ
һȻ˵ԭ˵꣬˵һ䣬̫ӵ°Եĵģóԣ
꾩ǵĵ̶ЩġЩģԕDڵģֱӴӹġĵģԺǳ
ðǳģһδı顣
أڼ𣿡
³ˣ
˼һֱдȰ꾩̫ѧһֱھܾңһΪǲˣû뵽͵͵ˡȻ겻ԕDֵһֱϵûһİУһѼϤС
ָָߵǸ粻Ҹ㣬˵һϲ
Цʵۣ㾪ϲ
ҷǳϲҲǳ⡣ԕDЦݵ˵꾩̫ѧķǳˡ
޼ԕDЦ÷ǳģֵҲЦǾ֪ˡ
ʲôʱ̫ѧԕDʵûȥ̫ѧμ̫ѧѧԣ
ˣµ׾ȥμ̫ѧѧԡ΢ЦҪ⼸ﶼҪȥڼҺúϰ
µ׾ͿûˡԕDǲһЦһܿϡ
˵Ҳܿϡ
ۣǿ̫ѧҲҪ̫ѧ˵֮ǰ˵Ҫǿ̫ѧҲҪ̫ѧûǰɣ
ûаڲɣʱȥ̫ѧȹȥԕDǲȥ̫ѧģżȥ̫ѧǿԵġʱҪλǰָҡ
һúýġ
ԕDͺ
ȻһֱдţЩ˵ꡣڣȻҪúõһġ
ȵʱʱ䭻ˣ׼ԕDȥԷԕDѾ
γľ¥ͿջСʳ̯Ӷķ
ԕD˷¥ûһ¥ĻƾͰԕDõķ˹
ǻǸĴˣȻܳԕD
ԕDҲǰִĻʳŪ˳ʵγǳԹӵģûôḻԕDγĹӸḻ
С⣬رóԣһҪԕDƼըҲǳóԡ
Ǹ˳£Ȼ󱻷ˡ
¥ĽϷǳóԣҪպųԡ
ԕDָ£Ǹ˳һٷǳζĹӡΪĴˣƽڼҲϲԹӡǣǽԵĹǳԹóԵĹӣ̫óˡ
ӣеġ
¥Ūҷǳóԣ꾩ϰյϲȻҲǴӹﴫģҲԕDŪġ
ڳ棬ԕDԲίԼͷϱӣԳԾ͸ޡⱲӣԺóԵģίԼ
ǰСܳʲôԺܳԺܶණͰִʳŪ˳Ϊ꾩ʳ˲٣꾩ǵϰ˿ڸ
ǳ緹ԕDͻعˡ磬ǻҪϰڵĻͻŵǡ
ǿǰԕDǡǿԣٹǡ
ԕDһعȥ⣬Ҫ⼸̫ѧѧԵп
֪ԕDҪ̫ѧȥ̫ѧȡЩ̫ѧѧ
磬ǾյԕD͸ǵĿ
ԽģǼҹΪλŪ̫ѧѧĿЩĽ壬ϣܰλ
֮ǰѰæŪ̫ѧѧǺüǰģ̫ѧѧŪ
ллۡ޷ǳжҲǳм
λл⣬һԽ˵ףλ̫ѧ
лл
Խû˵ʲôת뿪ˡ
޼һ˼ı飬æʵôˣ
䭻عһض˵̫ѧѧôŪģ۾ȻŪ
֮ǰ˵ۼﲻ𣿡
Ӧǲܼҵĺӡͨ²⵽ǲܼҵĺӡ
ܼң޶꾩һ㶼˽⡣
ʺң̫ӵµҡ
ʲôȻ˽꾩ңǻ֪ʺҡ
ѹָŪ̫ѧѧǺӲྫƯǳйһĹ·ģġֻгڼҲŻһȻɵĹɲҪ۵һƬ⡣
ͷһݣͷǾԲṼ۵ĺ⡣
ûи˵ݣҲǲŵǡһ˵ҲҪΪǲܼҵĺӣͺԶ͵ʲô֪Ǻǰһദ
ǱϾǼСӣȻ֪䭵˼
ģ۶˵ֻǸۣʲôܼҵĺӡ
ͶˡָָĿȻ۸Ŀھɡ
ǣҲеҪĿ
ԕDȥҪ̫ѧѧʱ뵽һ飬ʮĿƾٿȻòϿƾٿҪ
˵겻μӿƾٿԣǰǰĿƾٿǣƽʱ࿴Ժμӿƾٿа
ԴϴԕDдйءº;ԕDдµġҵ
ڽԕDӡÿһƪݣͻԕDдһƪ¡
ԕD֪ģҵֲܲдߣдô£װдҲˡ´̫ѧ̫߳ûС
ʱĿγ̽Ȼ뵽֮ǰԕDҪ̫ѧѧһ£ĵʵ£ѿ̫ѧ𣿡
ǻûпԕDվգǲŲμ̫ѧѧԡ
Ŀ̫ѧ𣿡
ǺġԕDЦ˵ҲǳвŻ
Ȼʵˣ̫ӵҪҪſһ̫ѧѧĿ
𣿡ԕD΢΢£æҡͷҲеġ
̫ӵ£ûԣô֪УԕD̫ӵ¿ԡ
ֻѧˡ͡ӡԕD̫ˣӡѧƪݣô̫ܿѧѧԕD֪֮ġ
ⱻԕD仰Цˣ̫ӵ¿̫ѧԿ
ԿмＸôԕD˵аԿԺ˵αװݣȥ̫ѧһʱѧݽȥҪؿȥ
վͰ̫ѧѧ
ԕDͷ˵á
ˡ
ߡ
ߣȥ
һ߽ԕDݳһģеʵСôˣˣ
ݺݵصһԕDDDԩңҿûǽ
㣬˭ԕDƲƲ죬˵㾭С
ҡȥԕDԕDɵض˹ȥ
ܻʺ̧ݵĺ󱳣ӣֵ
ǣټôܡôóϽɫˣѾŮټô
ˣ̫ǰҲ޹ӣҲӽ˹𣿡ܻʺָָԼҲ޹ˡ
ǲһġܻʺڽ֮ǰҲ޹ˣǸռûͺˣΪǰһҪɡպûãͷּ빬Ϊʺ󡣡ټҷųϳˣҪΪǡ
ԕDݵĻɵͣ½ŲʵҪĸϣ
ݾ鲻ú֪׼ȥܻʺ˵ϴιټҶ˵ѣ
ԕDˣѵŮźңĳѽ𣿡ȵȣϡȥϸòǸ¹⡣
ϱӣԕDݹʱڵڣ֪ʱһ¹⣬¹Ϊʺ󣬵ǰ¹΢Ƿԡֻ÷ƼĲΪʺ󣬶¹ⱻų˹
ܻʺ΢΢ףǡ
ԕDԸóϵŮź򣬾ֱóϽǡ
˫ֲСʮߣ̫ˡ
ݿһ۸ô˵ټҡ
ͷ˵Ͳ˵
ǸϲǼ𣿡ԕDԲһ鸴ȼǿȡĹѪ磬ѳ˰ɣ
ܻʺ󱻶ӵⷬЦˣֵĶͷټôƣҲȥҸŮϺˣڻ꾩·ϣŻվ͵ִ꾩
ҪóϽΪǲӦġԕDЩ󳼻ǱȽ˽ģ꣬û޸ˣ΢ԵΪѼŮֻĳΪ
ǷҲûã
݋ݣôԕDЩĲܻʺ
ܻʺ֪ӵЦЦټ֡
ܻʺȫ⣬ԕDͷˡ
ǾְɡԕD󹬵鲻Ȥ˵ӣԽǷóϽԽҪóϽŮϣǳ档
ݼܻʺԕDóϽʮֳԾ
̫ӵ£ǡ
Сӣ㻹˽ô
ǣϲһֵˣҪǽǵڶϡ
ǵڶϣҲŹܻʺһƬҲԭ¹ټҡ
ݷһص̾Ϣòƽ˼꣬û뵽ټóϽ⹬ҪˡϣǸˣҪ̫ӵ²
ԕḐݵֱۣذοСЋ݋ڣͲҪˡ
ܻʺЦЦڣҲÕDDٴγ¡ϵٴη
㣬Ћ݋ڣͲҪˡڸܻʺܵġ
СҶӶˣŰɡԕDתƻݣСʲôóԵİ
ݹȻԕDתע˺⡣
һ⣬ԕD˫˲̫ˡϱϲԵһ˾Ǻ⡣ǻˣΪóԡͰķݣһֱûҪԵζǰʱ䣬ĺϱӵĸζһģһ
ֻһ⣬ԕDܳ뷹
ܻʺӳԳˣָӣÿСóԵģҪԼԳš
ԕḎϣͦԵԲĶӣ˵СĲ̫óˡ
ݱԕDô˵Ц÷ǳģ´һ㣬̫ӵٳԵġ
ҪС㲻ԕDհѻ˵꣬Ȼ뵽ϲԺ⣬æ˵Сܸܲһĺ⣬ѳԡ
ð˵ҪһЩĸѳԣ
Ǿ鷳Сˡ
鷳鷳
ΪϽһ·ա֪óϽһ⵽ǷԣһҪСѩ˼룬ʱߴ飬ֱóѩ
磬̫ҽųѩĸŮص꾩ȴųѩĸŮȥңԸķ˺úչ˳ѩĸŮȵϣҪѩĸŮ
ʰòװκһֵ
ֵĻǳţܱһƬְΧҪһ㣬ܻʺԶ
ȵڣ̫ҽųѩĸŮ
ïʵȥڹſӭӳѩĸŮ
ʮ겻ïʵϸڹһòкǳԾ
ѩǵïʵǿкʺá
ïʵȻϲѩҲ¶ͿӭӳѩĸŮ԰͵ֵ
ֵȳѩѩֳѩеģзǳˣͬʱַǳݡ
ѩһڣͺ˫ۣʵػټҡ
ڴǰһѱסѩ
ïʵվڵ⣬ڴĿüͷ΢΢塣
ʱĲܻʺѾ֪ѩĸŮĽһ¡
ټҾȻ͵͵ذѳϽӽ⡭ţ̫˰ɡ
ܻʺǣЦ´ǷԣֱóϽ֪Ҳˡ
⡭˵ⲻһ֮顣
ȥܻʺſĻĮ˵Ǿ͵֪
ֵǱǲҪźã
ܻʺͷţȥŰɡ֮ǰϣ⡣ΣٶԳ⡣
ͷ漴˳ȥȥֵ顣
鷿ԕDڻ滭ʮݵĵͼ׼ȷ˵ڸʮÿݵĵͼ
֮ǰïʵӻʳ˾ʮݵͼïʵڻʳ˾ҵ˷ǳϸʮݵͼ
ԕDʮݵͼо˺ܶ飬ŵ˵ͼÿطо͸ˡ
Ϊ˰ʮݵÿݵĵͼԶĿÿݵĵͼĬֱửΪֹ
һԣؿű
ʱԪ˽ȸԕD˸漴˵£ڸղţĸŮˣסֵ
ԕDĬͼûͣ˵û뵽Ȼ͵͵ذǽӽ
ټǡ˵ʲôֲ˵
ӣȥ
Ԫʵ£ҪҪ
ã݋ݻᰲźһСԕḐͷԪ˵ȥϢɡ
ǡ
£ùİźˣһŵ˵ɲϵ鷢
݋ͰźˡԕDĬͼϴƽƽܵĳ谮һĿɲֹһˡ
⻰û˵ʲôı
ֵһУܻʺԕD⡣
ʱԕD׼ʱȥϢ
ڶһ磬ʹŲȥ޼ʹ
죬Ҫȥ̫ѧμѧԡ
ۣôôˣ
ȻǼʹԕDдʹʣ֪ʲô˼һǴ˵ġ
һеĳԣһϲۣлл㡣
Եıȥ԰ɡԕDʳУóģǷģϸģǳ˲ֶӡ
ۣ̫ллˡһм˵Ҳ鷳ˡ
鷳ԕDӻ֣Ц˵һҲ鷳
һĳʱһ˵ģùĹĵģǳĿɰ
ۣҸ˵֮ǰ̫ѧѧ顣
鰡ûʲôǲ÷ϡԕD˵ҪллңǾ͵ǿ̫ѧҳԶ
ðʱһȥҹгʳʱգֵڼͷѧϰﶼûȥͲҹеʳΪæűǿûȥȿ̫ѧһҪȥúõسһ
ԕDͷ԰ҹеʳ˺ܶࡣ˵꣬뵽˺⣬ȻصЦЦǿ̫ѧǳһóԵģǻǳϲԡ
æʵʲôóԵģ
һˣǳԕDϳ˵ǳóԣóԵǻֱԼͷ
ǱԕD˵ЩˡŸ۵Ļ˵ǳóԣһǳóԡ
ǵš
ʧġ
ǳģǰ̫ѧ
ԕDһȥ̫ѧޣһܿϡ
޶ԕD˵ͷţһῼϡ˵꣬ǿ䭣ǽȥˡ
ȥɣúÿ
䭺ԕD̫ѧˣܽȥ
ۣСǽҪһ죬㲻ȣȻȥɡ
ԕD䭵˵ͷãȻȥϣٹ
á֪ۺܿӣû˵ϲҪĻ
䭵ԕDֱӻعˡ·ȥ˴
ïʵԶԶؿԕD΢΢£漴æ˹ȥ
̫ӵ¡
𡣡
̫ӵ£ôأ
㣬ʳ˾˰ѹū𣿡Ѿˣʳ˾˺ü汾ĹūûһԕD⡣ʱ䣬ʳ˾һֱڸū
ˣ̫ӵٵȼա
ٵȼաԕDϵЩֻЦ˰ɡ
ˡïʵΪε˵֪Ͻһ£糯һʼǾټҡ
Ϊ͵͵óϽǾͲ֪ôԕDЦҪǵҾ͹ҷǳ¡صӭӳϽǾ֪ҵ̬ȣ˽ʹ飬ⲻǸôָű𣿡Ȼò˵ڵĲ̫ã̫̫ܳ࣬͸ˡ
̫ӵ˵ǣϧټҲס
ûսҶˣڻȥԕDïʵ˰֣ʳ˾ˣһʱ
ǣ̫ӵ¡
ˡ
̫ӵߡ
ԕDת뿪ͻȻ뵽ʲôɵͣ½Ųתïʵ
̫ӵ£ʲôԸ𣿡
ԕDߵïʵǰѹѯʵʳ˾в̽Ӱɡ
ïʵ⻰˫һ˲Щ漴ϸһĨȡ
еģǲǣ
ǣ̫ӵʲôԸ𣿡
СԕDïʵ֣ʾ
ïʵԹԵԕDǰԕDС˵һֻ˫г
ԕDǳʵ鲻Ҫߵõ𣿡
ïʵԕD˵ͷ̫ӵ·ģС˾߹ټҡ
⻰ԕDЩ⣺Ϊ˵Уû뵽㾹ȻӦˡոҲֻһ˵ûбϣΪïʵӦϾïʵڵĸ
ïʵԕD˼̫ӵ£СȻ̣ҲϣԺոʮݡ
û뵽ҲһѪԵˡ
̫ӵ£С˵ϼݡʮеһݡС˵游ĸݱɱˡ
ïʵô˵ԕDʲôˡ
ģҳˣһոʮݡ
Сŵ¡ïʵǳ˵£Ը飬Сһá
㡣ïʵİԕDǷǳŵġˣߣҲûʳ˾˿Ū
ǣ¡
ˡ
ߡïʵĿԕD뿪̾Һ̫ӵǻʺȻ̫ӵ²ô־
ԕDûмŻضȥ
̫ӵ¡
ԕDڴ̸һǴûģʴ񣺡˭ˣ
һӶ˵ĸŮ
ԕDԣüͷôˣ
ʺ밲ܲõ˵ټһûи֣ϾͲҪʺ밲˵꣬һ䣬ʲô
㣬݋ݶʲô
£Ͼǹģʺҫġ
̴ˡԕD˵Ȼڋ݋⣬ҾͲȥˣȻضˡ
£ȻضɣȻĸŮ֪ʲô⡣óĸŮǺ꾫ĸŮ̫Ưġ
һȥˡԕD˵ţһǷ̫ˣһȥ
ߡ
ԕDǰŸ뿪ųĸŮʹ˳
ոՕDDˣ
ǣ̫ӵ¼ĸŮھͻضˣ˵ȥƽǣǣٸ
Һ氡ܻʺЦ˵뿴Ǹʲôˣùټʮһֱ
꾫ĵȻôԵùټҶһֱ
崿Ȼ󣬻ܴѹֹټҶ
ô˰
ܻʺζЦЦһϷǵſɡ


48 
ԕD, ûп顣˯ʱѣ֪糯ûнһҲ⡣
ԕDŲǰ, ݺ͸ڡ
DDҲ, ´γܴܲҰڴԕDڹҪùˡ
Ļû˵꣬Դͱݺݺݵô¡
ǰʱղǲŸ̫ӵһֽ𣿡
ǾǷֽ𰰡, ȥҹк档С˵ȥῴӼ, ˤӡȥҹгԺóԵġ
̫Σ, úôڹǲøϳģйټҺͲܻʺ
ǕDDͲΣ𣿡˵, , Ǿƫġ
, ϿûгԕDԼԩˣҰ֮ǰصΣԵһЩ, ϳΣԾͺܸߡ
Ұߺߵ˵, ͸
, ˵ûáԕḐ°ͳݵķŬŬ, СӦ㡣?
ݺ˵붼룬ʵʵڹ
Ͱܻʺ, ؽе݋ݡ
ܻʺԸҡҡͷûӦ, ҿɲҴӦ
ʱ, С, һСĿģ
֪Ůǹڳ⸱Ͱ͵ı飬Ĳ̣ڲǳʱڡ
ʱ乬ﲻ̫ƽʵ㡣
ܻʺԸ˵˵öԣʱ䣬㻹ʵʵڹ
Ҳ֪﷢ʲô飬Բȥ档
ڲУԺ𣿡
Ժԡܻʺͷ˵ԺÕDD
лл݋ݡֻҪܳͺãһһ㣬DD㵽ʱ˴ҳ档
û⡣ԕDϣڸ֮ǰЩȵˣǹϵĹԽԽࡣ
̫ˡʱָ˾̵ؼš
ʱҴ˽ɫǲÿܻʺˣټҸոּΪˣϵŮΪ
ʲôݾ͵վһŵı顣
ոչټ˳һ³Ͱ䷢ּ⡣ɫѿ˵ǷԣǹټҲڴǶڸſڣټջس
ܻʺĮ˵ûõġ
ݲţôԣټҾȻһУôϲ𣿡
ܻʺĽһҲ⣬ǼЦԽǷԣټԽҪϡ
ڶڸſڣټҪӶ𣿡
ܻʺ˿ݣټҷʺʱ򣬴ǲҲڹſǰ𣿡
ݵͷ
ܻʺʵǷԳɹ𣿡
죬ɫ˵ûС꣬ڷʺʱ󳼶ԣǹڹſڹһҹҲûջطʺּ⡣
ҲһܻʺʾɹټҺʹȥǵš
С݋˵Ķԣ㻹ǲҪˡ
ε̾˿˵ġܣҲܲˡ
ţܻʺԕD˵ȵϣȥȰǻȥȺǵͶСˣٹһҹǵӿ϶ܲˡϺأҪǹһҹġ
ֻȥȰҲûáԕDʱĺܲЩĳʱܹϼ켸ҹջسǣĵʱȴһûС
ȰĻֱýǼߡ
ҲֻôˡԕD˵݋ݣȻȥˣ绹Ҫѧࡣ
DDһѧ粻飬ԕDһѧࡣ
־סĶ䣬㲻ȥ̫ӵ¡
㣬㻹ǹԹԵظɡԕDԸ˻֣뿪
ڻضǰԕD·ȥ
ȻûнȥֻվԶһۣĴȫڸſڡ
һֱͦ˹ڸſڣﻹţټңϲΪܲΪ
ԕDһҡҡͷ뿪ˡ
£Щĳô£ɻʵʱһڵϷԹټҲΪˣĵʱôû⸱
ҲҲĵطԕD̯˵ŲţԺҪȥոʮݣҲڹſڷҡ
?ţǵ㲻ǡ
ǲᱻҪЮǣƵġԕDû˵ǹҲı䲻ոʮݵľġЩĳǶ͹ڹſڷԡǼȻϲ򣬾ǹˡ
£ϻȰǰɣ
ҵƢȰģǋ݋ȥȰֻȥȰˡ
ùøҪǣǹȥĬĬ˵á
݋ǻʺ󣬾ܣҲӹܡԕD˫ֽ汧źףɵţ̯ϵһˣ݋ݵĻʺҲǳס
ɲôǼǲԸùùýʺġ
ȥˡ
ԕDջصûãް׾ࡣ
֮ǰްһֱڽ̸ࡣԴԕDʽɺԕDࡣ
ް˷ǳѣԕDദǳ졣
ްѧһǳ顣
ް׻졢ȸǳԕDһֻ׶졣
ԕDڸްѧס
ްÿνԕDʱ򣬻˵ܶҰȤ£ԼǵȤ¡ԕDÿѧܶණ
ʲôʱȥд
̫ӵҪȥд
ȻѧȻҪȥдŶԡ
ȹʱգʹȥҰд
ҵŰ
ް׼ʱˣԕD˸񣺡£´ȸˡ
ߡ
ߴްףԕD׼ȥȰ˵ǻȥ
ô
Ԫɴټһֱڸ
ڵȥֵĴ󳼹ڸſڣﶼȥˡ
ڲûΪǷԶܻ෴ǳеؿ飬Ąӡ
ïʵһԣ뿪˵ټңýѸλ๫ȥɡЩ󳼶һˣڸſڹ˰죬ӿ³Բˡǹȥֻĳܲס
ڰڰ˵ϲ򣬾ǹ򣬹ΪֹùһҪЮ꣬ϵʱҲڹſڷԡûǳɹԸ
ǣټңҪһֱȥǵӻԲġĴǶˣȫǹˣҪô졣
ޱ˵ԲǾͻԹԻȥǹ򡣡ҪܹáҪˮͳԵġ
ôïʵҲ˵ʲô
ǣټҡ
ʱԕDѾſڣǻͦعſڡ
вٴ󳼹ɫ԰ˣҧţݹôϡ
Ҫʲôʱ򣿡
̫ӵˣǷ·𿴵ϣһȵؿ̫ӵ£Ȼû
μ̫ӵ¡
ö񡣡
̫ӵ£Ȱ˵ټջسҪΪˣ
̫ӵ£ϳ΢ּŮܽΪ
̫ӵ£Ȱ˵ټҡ
̫ӵ¡
ԕD֪һĴ󳼾ͻȰ˵ҪΪˡ
ɡԕDȥ⣬Ǳܾˡ
̫ӵ£ټҲջּ⣬Ⱦ̬ȷǳ֣̫ӵ£ذɡ
ѾǾĵϣҲıġԕDȰ˵Ҳ֪ӣôҲûõġ
̫ӵ£ȰȰټҰɡ
̫ӵ£һҪȰȰټҡ
̫ӵ£óϽΪ
ǷԳϽΪԭ򡣵һԭǳϳ΢ּ޹Ů빬Ϊһԭ³ϻΪڶ̫
̫Ҳ޹ӣȵ۲˷ԣֽ̫빬֮ר̫󣬵̫ѳֳꡣ
̫ѳֳĿ־壬ǵڶûǡ
ʵ̫ѳֳʱΪ͢Ϊϰ˲ٺ¡˵ʵλ֪ʲôӡǣǲܽŮ˰ѳֳܽǱһŮָʹ̫ԴйҲǵá
̫һټϹټҶԳǷǳ³Ժ̫һѳֳ
λҲûãҲܸı뷨ƽʱ۰ǣŮ飬ǾģûпȰ˵
Ȱ˵ڣһỳǲܻʺȰ˵ģȻŭйܻʺϡ
ԕDԼνǾ݋ݱ
λ̫ӵ»СټҲ̫ӵµĻڵ˵ڳġ˽ӵˡ̫ӵ£ذɡ
Ҳؿǳ°ԕDĵȰ˵Ҫȫˣô죿
̫ӵ£ڹټջּ֮ǰȾ¡
ڵ֪ˣïʵԕDӽ
ïʵ˹ȸԕD˸˵̫ӵ£ټȥ
̫ӵ¡вٴеԕD
ԕDǵͷ漴ïʵ˸
ǼԕDӦˣһ¶ϲ

ڶԕD֡
ԕDߵڵߣؽһ
ôˣ뵽ʲôõüͷʺģ
݋ȰǻȥǻǼֲȥҽнǿӲذѴǼܳ
¶ɣʺȰ޵ģ
ԕDʵϣ݋Ȱ㰡
ڱԕDʵ£漴˵ϣʺȻÕDDȰ˵ģЩССʧ䡣еϣܻʺȰ˵ֲϣܻʺȰ
Ȱ˵㣬ҾʣķǳҪΪ𣿡
üͷɫϲŭ㲻ϣΪˣ
ԕDһ˫Сֲ˵ֻһ顣
ʲô飿
ȷϲǵڶ𣿡ԕD˵ţСҿɲٴαҲ꣬һų󣬲Ҫʱĳ˸һ
ֻûھסӵСۣͣߡ
ǣǰҲˡ
Ͼǵڶϡǳ˵ǰٴη
Ұѳ˵ǰͷ
ʲô󻰣
ڿ϶óãǳԺҪǻУһӣʱ̫ӺпܳΪĸӵжд̡ԕDҲǳ࣬͸һֻҪ»ӣǾͻҰġûУܱ֤еһЩ󳼲ֳ֧ϵĶܱ֤ЩϲĴ󳼵ջ£ܱһõ𣿡
ڱķʵסˡ
ûмܾܵסȨջ󡣡ԕDָָڸĴǣ𿴴ǹ棬ͬطΪˡȵΪ»ӣоЩ˻ı̬ȣȥֺóϣֳ֧ϵĻӶȨ
վһԵïʵԕDⷬĿࡣû뵽׵̫ӵ£Ȼ뵽Щ˵̫ӵµⷬ˵÷ǳԡ
ڱӵⷬ˵ƿԣΪԕD˵ⷬпܻ֡
ڳĬԕD˵Ҫ̫ӣΪĶ·Ҫô죿
ǰ˵κ˺㡣
Ҳ𣿡
ҲСĿȰؿԕDDDڵûκ˱Ҫ
ԕD˿ڣ˵÷ǳֿ֪ƭ

ڴ϶ӵĻԵֻӣҲֻһ̫ӡڽӳϻع֮ǰڲʲôû룬෴˺ܶࡣ뵽ĲǴǵķԣԕD
ǰԕD䣬飬һֱһ̡εӱ亦ÿѣؿʮֽʹҲǳ¡
һֱǳڹڳ谮ϣŵ϶ԕD֡һֱ룬ûйֳ谮ϣԕDͲᱻ䡣
ڽӳϻع֮ǰھһóϻУóϱɵڶϡ
óϱɵڶϡ˫ץԕDļɫǰδе£ϱ˵ڶϣһŹ
ԕDû뵽ڻ˵ⷬԾŴ͡

DD˵ǵõĶӡȻDDǲܻʺһֱԼ˿վʦĻѡܻʺԕD
DDСʹϻַۣǳ¹ɣǳ¸ҹϡߣDDСͷǳϰգԺΪһܺõľ
һֱԼЩСų»ηηǕDDȴûСΪDDһܻʺѪСͷǳ¸Ҵ󵨣ûеġ
ϣӲҪηηţϣӱ㣬βŻԽԽá
ᱣ㣬ٴܵ˺ǰ飬ڲپˡ
ҲõĵԕDû뵽ڲóϻСڳ˫֣
ڲɵһЦְѶӱڻٴԕD֤ó˺㡣
ԕḐڵĺ󱳣ص˵ͷ˵ŵ
ֱԕDöϡ
Ĵ󳼲ùܣþ͹á
㲻ǹ°
Ҳҵġ¶ӵСһ顣
ԕD¶ʵʲô飿
ҪױҪ|ЮǣƣһҪ|ЮɹһΣͻһֱҪ|Ю㡣ʹ޵ľǴǵҪ|Юʱ򲻵òҪ|Ю档
һֱڶԼǳ֪֮ҲûдǵĸôεĽɽ汻ҪЮǣ˽棬ԲЭ
Щ󳼲ҪЮ㣬ҲڼҪЮ㡣ЩһֱǣƣôһûУΪ˴εĽɽΪϰգֻ̡ܱҪЮ֪𣿡
ԕDһοôɫص˵ͷ֪
ԺҪոʮݣһᷴԵģǻ뾡취ֹ㣬ҲڹſҪЮ㣬еĴײв㣬ǧܺ¡ڲϣԕDһҪЮһߺ£һֱᱻǣơ
ˣ
ԺҪһǲҪЮĵDD¸ҹϣ󳼡
ԕD֪һҪĵǲôġ
ģҾôҡ
𣿡Цõúá򣬾ǹ򣬵ǹˣǻȥ
ԕDһ̵ܽ˵˼ˡ
ӵСԴһο˵׾ͺáDD⺢һͨķǳˡ͸㵱һ֪ܱҪЮ
Ľ̵Զǵõġ
ʱˣ¶ӵĺ󱳣ȥŰɡ
𣿡
滹Ŵ󳼣֪ǻʲô㲻ҪڸеĴ󳼻õöӿ
Ȼд󳼹ţҲҪšԕDڵĶӣ㳦θͲãʱţĳθøá
ӹĵڣͷһƬů⣺ģίԼš
˰ԕDڵĻ
ſڵĴǼ̫ӵ³ˣһɫǳ
ԕDе񣬶ҡҡͷ
Ǽ̫ӵµȰ˵Ҳûãһɫ÷ǳʧ
ǻǻȥɡ
ҡҡͷ˵̫ӵ£Ȳȥġ
ǲȰԕDҲٷѿࡣ
̫ӵ£ȥɡ
̫ӵ¡
еĴ󳼲ԕD뿪Ǹտھͱһɵñˡ
ԕDͰЦЦ̫ӵ£ȥɡ
ԕDͷת뿪˸
ԕD뿪Щ˵࣬Ϊʲô̫ӵ£ֻҪ̫ӵºһټջּ⣬ټһӦġ
̫ӵ²꣬Ǹӣô̫ӵºһڷԹټңǳùټ̫ӵ𣿡
⻰˵øոЩƿԣǻǲġ
ټһ۰̫ӵ£ֻҪ̫ӵºһټңټһӦġ
࣬ôҲΪ̫ӵºá
˵̫ӵ»СҪ̫ӵǣǳϬ̫ӵ³ʲô飬ȫҲˡ
岩˵̫ӵһټңЩӵ̫ûˡ
ӼһЩ̫ӵһټҵĴ󳼣ǼֲˣǾͻȥɡ
ô˵Щ󳼵Ȼܼ֡
̫ӵ»СʱҪ뵽ϵ档
Ĵ󳼹ԹԵӦǣࡣ
ܻʺڵԕD
ôǱ𣿡
ûУҲҪܴǡԕDڶ˵Ƿܻʺ˵ˡ
ܻʺ˺һд𾪣ټô˵ģ
ţҲҪҪЮ
û뵽ټҶ˵ܻⷬʺʮ⣬ܿģڶԕD˵ⷬ
ټǲܴ𣿡ݺ͸û̫
˵ǹˣǻȥԕD˵꣬Ϊε̾˿ҲȰˣǲҵĻҪڸſڡ
ټҪΪΪ˰ݵǳӡ
ȥȻڶԕD˵ǷܻʺٹܹڸſڵĴǡŰɡ
Ҳ֪Լܲˣﳤ̾һҲٹ顣
ţݺ͸ȥˡ
ԕDûмŻضǸܻʺ˵һ顣
݋ݣոм˸˵óϻС
ںȲĲܻʺԣеĶסˣ¶һĨ㵵ɫټҲóϻУ
ǵģ׿ڸ˵ġԕD֮ǰ˵ĻԼڶı֤ܻʺ˵ˡ
ܻʺ˺ǳĬ£ЦһһԵ顣Ϊ˱ԕDóϻУǲܻʺû뵽ġ
݋ݣǺӵġȻںܶ෽ͦҲͦģǶӻǺ۰ġ
ġĲóϻУʡòܻʺˡڲܻʺԭƻǲóϻеġ
݋ݣһضˣϢ
·Сġ
ԕD뿪ͼԪɼҴҵس
Ԫɫǳ԰ѿĵʵʲô飿
£ſСԪɫ־˵дײˡ
ʲôԕDɫˢһ±ˣæʵô£
ոչټҶԴ˵ǲջּģôģȻֶԹټԡԪɲ԰˵ټҲȻһ̨ɹײˡ
Щĳ𣿡
ԕDɫصʵô
ټ˵˵жײջּ⡣ԪɲƽºʴȵĹټҡǰټһ̶Ըͷڣһ̨ɹڹټǰײټҾȻ޶ԡټҸոȥֵĲܴˡ
󣬳ԾؿԕD£ټôˣ
ǲ뱻ҪЮ˵ʵԕDЩŵˡǱ̨ɹײŵǱεġġŵ
ʲô˼
ԕDûлش⣬ǶԪɷԸԽʹǳ
ҪǲԸ⣬ô죿
ǾǿƵǳ
ǣ¡
ԽǷ̫ӵµ׼ʹǳ
ǼǶɫһŶ˻ģһĨһˣЩĳǾͱŵûá
ײ̨ɹٵʬ嵹һƬѪУûȥʰ
ŨҵѪζŸſڣÿ󳼵ıǼ⡣Ǽ̨ɹٲڸſڣټҾȻûУôǲܽܡ
ٴŵ̱ڵϣǲһǡ
Խһһͳûκη
Ѵ͵ſڣԽǾͲˡڴôؼңԼ顣
Խȥ˶ԕD㱨Ѵͳһ¡
̫ӵ£ЩĳƵˡ
Щĳ͵Сǰôܲŵ
еǱײ̨ɹŵˣеǱŵˡԕDһ˵û뵽̨ɹٵӶ
£ⲻټһ顣
޴ԕD̨ɹײҲһͬ鶼ûУв޲ɼ塣ĵʱ򣬲Ըͣѡ־ǳǣԸӢۡǣȴв̫Цˡ
ɲôŪĵʱôӲǡЩĳʱ˿
£ô
Ǹ̨ɹٵʬ˰ɣȻͻ˶ˣܲ˼ҵʬһֱڷڸſڡһ嶼ûС
ǣ¡
͵ſڵĴǶȥˣûмڹſڡ
岩Ӽ˹|ߡ
࣬ټ岩ܲڶ̨ɹٵĮģټôˣ
ӼšüͷһƬ䣺Ϻñ£ȻѹټԵת
޺޵
࣬ټҪΪˣǸǺã
˵ֹ˹ټˡ
ѵؿųϽ𣿡
û˵˽ڵˡڶ̨ɹĿӶ֪ôԣڸı⡣
ࣿ
ǳֹˡ
岩Ҳֹ˹ټңǲ̫ѳֳһٴη
ⳤ̾һǾˡ
⻰˵岩ӼҲĵ̾Ϣһټô
˰

ڶգֱּôǺúõڼϢһ죬ٽϳ
ľţٴ󳼶ŵˣеĻŲˣȻϲ˳ּ⣬˵ǳˡ
𿴴ڸſڷǳӲҲǵһμײôܲ¡
ԕDȥ޼ʹ
̫ѧѧҪ졣һ͵ڶ쿼ʷӼͿºʫʡ
쿼úܲĵȥԡ
ǿڼ䣬ڹ﷢飬Ѿ꾩ˡ


49 
ϸսû, ͳΪʸ֮ĵġҴ꾩ǡ
꾩˵ϰ˹ºҲһ, óݳһҲΪ
ʹȫµҲ޷ıڲΪ˵ּ⡣
ںϣǴûгɹֹ, Ҳֻˡ
Ǳһ, ڶϳһϢ, ǿָˡ糯ʱ, Ƕǰշֲֻ, Ҳʲôûз
ϣںʹ¡ƽʱһга
˳, ǰԕD顣
ԕDϸضɫɫǺܺãҲ̫ã˲١
ǰշĴô𣬾Ȼһҹ֮˺üꡣ
ע⵽ԕDһֱΪԼմʲô̧Լûκζ
̫ӵ, ųʲôǳﲻ𣿡
, ɫ̫, ûϢ𣿡
ⱻʵ, һЦл̫ӵ¹, Ϣúܺá
ԕD˵Ѿ˼Ҳûʲôˣܡ
ԣɵס󷢳һε̾Ϣ̫ӵ˵öԡ
Ҫ鲻ãʱͲˡ
ԕDĻû˵ִ̧꣬Ļ̫ӵ£û¡˵꣬¶Σգûн̫ӵ¶飬ǹⲻȥ
ҲûзϣҲҪ⡣ԕDЦ˵Ȼ֣ǾͿʼɡ
ǣ̫ӵ¡ϴεݣ̵ԕD顣ȻڽԕD֮ǰԕDǰѧݱһ飬Ȼٽһ顣
ϴѧ¦ƪԕDһֲذ¦ƪݱ˳׼ȷذƪĺ彲һ顣
ص˵ͷԕDƪ
ƪݺҪ⽲÷ǳϸ˺ܶʷӣԕDõ⡣⽲ŽţͽƫˣŮϡ
ԕD⽲飬һҲ⡣ǰշô飬ҪǲԶŮ˲֡
ⲻϣԕDԺ󳤴һŮϷСʱ򣬾͸˵˵Ů˻飬Ͳᱻɫ
ΪŮΪСûкúõؽ̵ڡı䲻ڱɫԣ̵ֻ̫ӣ̫صڵĸޡ
ⲻ飬Ů˰ѳֳҳõ顣˵
ԕDֱ﷭ۣ̲ססˣΪŮ˵ǷǶԴûκһ򶼿ŮˡôҲı䲻뷨÷ѿࡣ
ʱˣԕDҪȥţֻʱĿΡ
£п𣿡
¡
Ȼǳѵû׷ԕDţ̫ӵ£ˡ
ߡ
⣬ԕDŲǰš
СﲻڰһûݣԕDЩ⡣ƽֻҪû£ݺ͸š
ȥš
ԕDüͷװһܾȵӣȻȥСš
ܻʺ¶ӵĶͷЦ㰡
ҪǣСһ⣬Ҵȥǳ磬޵̫ѧѧԾͽˡ
ҸС˵ˣӦû֮ǰȥȡܻʺһǣӵС֣һǣֶӵȥš
ںĸŮš
˲ܻʺĻûпڹڳϵ顣ʲô鶼֪š
֪ǰϷ飬ŵˣǳԣûиݺͲܻʺҪ
ϲţΪģΪ˷ǳɿڡ
ţûлظݡ
ڲ̫ǡ
ʵǰϷ飬ǺڵģҲЩµġ̨ɹײʱЭˣҧסˡ
գ˯úܲȣΪε̨ɹײΡ
Ԫ֮ǰ˵ںʴȣƽ̺͹Ů᲻óͷǰϣ̨ɹǰײﲻ޶ԡ
һǰǺµģҲǳΡ
ͺºڡ
ԼǰסˣȻDDһܻİ
ڵƽʱȥǰϷ顣
Ҳʲôû˵
ԕDţͻص˯ʱִԽͲˡ֮ǰ˰Ҫĺ͵
ţϣԕDſڳֵĽֵŽֵС̷ߺŨ̻᲻رá
㿴ʲôأͷյߣ泯濴˿ûпʲôʲôûУЦʲô
ԕDûдӴջĿ⣬ŽֵϵȺ㿴ʲô
˰һ⣬ֲǵһγضŴ⿴ʲô
˼䷱γкܶ⣬ǲ÷ϵγķǮʵʱγѾʱͷˡ
ʲôÿԕD˼
ҪػⷬʷϣһƬľ˶þͻᱻ̤ƻȻһƬ
ġ˵ּ꣬һ䣬һһػ
ʱǰ洫һɧԽͣţԳԕD˵ǰˣ·סˡ
ԕDӴӳ̽ӣ涢ǰԶֻΧһȺˣвҽ
ֿ
ıԣԕDҲ⣬ߵĲ˵ߣǹȥ
˵ǰΣգǲҪȥˡԽǰ治Զһҽǰ˴¡
ԕDԽļ򣬡û£һȥ˵꣬ԪɣȻعǡ
ǣ¡Ԫɼţ˸ͷߡ
ԕDŲԽߵǰִ
û뵽Χ㣬ԕDһʱ伷ȥߵһţţʲô飿
żһƯĺӣɫʱ÷ǳͰףһӢۺúͷӡ⼸ӾϽ͵Ǯ͵ǮȥǻǮǴˣǶЩӡ˵ûɫո⼸͵һ˵Ǯӣץ⼸Ҫˣû뵽ոǿȫڵء⼸Ӹոջڽ˵ǵֵܲŹˡ
Ӣۺú
ɲôոûղ¾Ͱ⼸Ӵڵأ۽С
ԕDŵݶЦˣ̫ˡ
СޣҴȥǣԕD֣׳ӲȺм˽ȥǰ档
ԽͲ״æ׷ȥ
ŷǳûһʹԕDǰ棬ָŽŲһ˱ϵ˵
ԕD˿ǰŲ˱ϵˣӢ䣬ĸߴ
ʶ㣬͸ϿǣȻǵֵǲŹġ˵Ļû˵ֱ꣬˺ݺݵز£۵ضʱҽ
˭ǵֵܡʮɷˣŹ˹Χ۵ȺһɢֻʣԕD˺ˡ
ԕDһԽԽ˲⡣
£˵һԡ
ԕDͲԶԶ˵һԡ
ʮŹ׺ݵس˻еĹ˲ҡ
λ̨Ҷ°ɡ
΢΢£˫ֱȭԽ񣺡л̨
ʮ˶ݵĽӣûһͱԽ˴ſڵϡ
˵ĽӣԽַǳݣһ㶼û顣Ǵˣǻ
ոջǳŰĽӴ˿̶صϣÿ˵ıǳʹࡣ
ʱٸˣҪʮӺԽһߡ
ԽΪ׵Ĳ֣ĵóݵơ
Ϊ׵ĲһԽƣõɴ˫ۣϽԽ
ԽһѷΪ׵Ĳ죬ҡͷԸʮӹΡ
ǡ
кúõǣǵ׷˶Ȼɴá
ǡ
Խ뵽ʲôٴζ˽·ǣ̫ӵ¾ġ
Ϊ׵Ĳһ̫ӵ¡ĸ֣ŵɫһӱò԰ףæ˵С˲ҡ
Ӧûˡ
Сһȥץġ
һᶢŴ£ҪиˣСǵԴ
Ϊ׵Ĳ⻰ŵ˫ȷڵϡ
Խʮضӻ֣ȥ°ɡ
ǡΪ׵Ĳк£ʮȫˡ
Խߵ˵ǰĵʵ̨û°ɣ
û¡ٴԽǸл̨ȡ
̨֮ͣطϡԽЦ̨ͷЩΪ񡣡
Ϊ㲻ϣ͵ҵǮȻҪֻû뵽ôš˵꣬ʶԼûԱţæ˵ɡ
Խְֺ
ȣ²ʲô
ֹǫˡԽ˼ؿ˿ɣǷӹҼнʿӰӣ
û뵽Խ۾ô⣬΢΢£˵׼ӾǾ˰ɡ
ǵģִȥӾ
׼ϣȥ߽
ʱԕDŲ˹
ԽɽܵҼҹӡ˵ֶ꣬ԕDܵλ֣׼ϣȥ꾩ξ
λСӡǰλСһټԽɲ²ԕDһ
ԕD񣺡λӿˡɣȻ뵽ҽɫȻ÷ǳӿˣ
ԽӦ죺ˣҽ
û뵽ݱôͷ֣Щ˼ЦЦǡ
ԕDԽ˺˵ıԽ
û뵽ҽ
ԕDû뵽žȻ˶ҽ컹ˡǿҪˣȥ̫ѧǡ
ԽӺúõġ
ǡԽҲɺúõģȻ뵽Ҫ죬̫ӵô죿
ҺͰȥ̫ѧֺúõġ
ǣ
Ҳ¡ԕDǸЦЦӣһ£һԽúġ
ߡ
Խ˵ʲôԕDһɨ˹첻˵ʲô
ԕDŲǰ̫ѧ
ԽﵣԕDİΣ֪̫ӵ²Ͳܸ
֣Ȳ衣
ǾͶлˡ
ԕDߣһ˫۾ؿܣһ䱸ģ
ԕD⸱֮ӶЦˣ̧ĺ󱳣Цڿʲô
ûԽߣҵСġʮֽţҵñ
ܱʲôԕD˵ջûҸߣұࡣ
ҡ
ˣ֪ҵİΣԕḐصĲĺ󱳣οаţҲµġ
ԕDôһ˵뵽Ĵڣִ̧ԼĶͷ˰
ԕḐ²ƨɣԴ
æЦⲻһʱ̫ţô
Ҫָ㱣ңҾ͡ԕDĻû˵꣬;ͱסˡ
ɲ˵
ԕDõ֣͸һۣҪ뱣ң͸ҺúϰգҪȵս㡣
ͷǳɵ˵պһúϰա˵꣬뵽ղŵɣʵҪողǸɣ
ԕD΢΢ͷţˣָǿǸ֮šôҽˡ˵ҽȻһңǽͦҵġҵǰҽˡ
ûҽ˵ҽսɳûʣˡ
ԕDһ㵣ûʣˣ
ǵģû´ĻӦþֻиղŵˡ˵ֹˣЩûˣڳûκʵȨҲûھְ˵Ϊ󣬲ȥӾ
һңֻʣһˣȷ̫ˡԕD̾
㻹Ҫ𣿡
ҲҪҲ͵͵ȥ߾ӾԕDɫ˵һңΪ֮ôԸԹ꾩һɢˡңҲȥս
ңҲȥս佫ѪԸڼһˡ
Ǹ֮ţҪ˲ţԲŻԽ̸
㰲ȥ
ȥ
⵹Ǹȥ֪ģϲֻһԱ󽫡
ˣȥ̫ѧɡ
ԕDǵִ̫ѧʱǻûпꡣ

䭱ԕDһЩ̫ѧſڣۣ˰
ǣ׼˺óԵġ
ۣ鷳ˡ
鷳һҲ鷳
ûһ˳
ۡ
һϲãԕD֪ǿò
úܲ
޽ͦţ˵|Ųʮ
ϲҾ֪ܿСԕDʵɼʲôʱʲôʱȥ̫ѧ飿
վͳɼǿˣվͽ̫ѧ顣Ȼ֪Լ͵ܵܿУڳɼ֮ǰѻ˵
ô찡ԕDһ죬һΪϢ
꾩жʱգ͸öˡһ꾩ֵæϰα̫ѧò׿ˣҲȥ̫ѧ顣
ҽȥҹкᡣԕDԭΪǿ̫ѧϢգȻ꾩û뵽ôҪȥ̫ѧ顣ǺúϢһգϾҪȥ̫ѧ顣
ðȥҹ档
뵽μ̫ѧѧǰԕDŵǵĺóԵġ
ۣ˵ĺóԵأ㲻˰ɣ
ȻûǣҸǴˡԕDǳԻһ̫ѧ͵˵ĺóԵġ
˾еʳУǴˡ
˫ԕDʲôóԵģ
ȻǾ֪ˡ
ЦˣȻȥɡ˵꣬вһ䣬ᷮ¥Ͳ˹Ͽȥ
ǸϿȥ
ڻȥ·ϣԕDǽտʲô
ǽҪºʫʡǽ쿼ԡʵ¡ΪĿʫԡΪ⡣
ԕDһµǡʵ¡üͷһ쿼ʵ¡Ҳӷ
ϴο̫ӵд£ǶԿʵЩ֮ǰֿ̫̫ӵµ£ԡʵ¡Ϊġ
̫ӵд£ǶʵЩ˽⡣
ԕDȻû뵽д»ﵽǣǡ
˵˵дʫʣֱдúá
ԕDˣﾪ̾޾ޣͲдʫȴǳԡдôõʫʡ
صס޾ȲҪԕDĺóԵġ
ԕDҲӣʳУó⡣
ϣ˵ĺóԵġ
Ǹ˼ԕD˳⣬¶ͬɻɫ
ѾˣŲʲôζ
ۣôЩڣָں⣬󣬡ʲô˰
˽к⣬ġ
һ˵ǳóԡ
ˣûŵζҲǾӨ͸ģԕDЦ˵ȥһȣǻǳϲԵġ
ԕD˵ĺóԣǽŽɡ
ţڿȥһȡ
ʵۣôȣ
ԕD˵ڹһ¾ͺá
ȥȡ䭶ȥ˳
޷ǳ棬Ǹһȥ˳
ⷿһζ
˵ζǸ˵г˾ϲ
̫˰ɡ
㣬ǳóŶ
⻹ûгȺãǾͼеԡ
һԕD˵ˡǾͼææӼһ
Ⱥõĺǳ̣һ̵Ĺһżسš
ڣǸ¶𾪵ɫƺôóԵ⡣
ԕDͲǸ˵ı鶺ˣôó԰ɣ
ص˵ͷóԣ̫óˣ̫óˣ˵ִ꣬ӹһ
ǲҪˣ֭跹رóԣǵȷ¥ʳٳ԰
ûԕDĻһһԡղſںڿȴӨ͸ֹˣܷʣˣǳȴһ㶼ˡ
ôʶģ
⻹ЩζȴһҲѳԡ
ۣôģΪʲôôóԣ
͸дԕDӻóһֽݸǺ
ӹϸؿ˿
䭺ްͷ˹ȥѣҲܼ򵥡
ô򵥵ôɿڵĺ⣿š
ɱϼ򵥣Ҳ򵥣ȴ򵥡ԕDһָ˵Ҫţ΢һ㣬ͻˣҪúûôסڳԵĺ⣬Сһһġ
һصͷǣˡ
ҲúúѡҪѡ廨⣬ѡλҲζԕD˵ÿһ趼Ƿǳġ
һһ㶵ģԭôӰ
óԵĶôġԕDЦ˵ǹҪζ
תͷڴ䭡
ʧЦãƽڼһ㶼³
ۣ¥ĺûĺóԣ
¥ûк⣬СģĿǰûдȥ
̫пڸˡ
ڷ¥Ļưѷ֮ǰǸ˿Ҫˡȷ¥ķ˴û³Է¥ĲˣԕD˵ģú֭跹
ֻǳԺ֭跹Ǿͳ뷹ʵڳԲ£ǹƻܳԡ
뷹ǳԵûδٳԺ⡣
ǳԳˣԕDôȥҹгʳ
ڰ֣⣬ҹеʳӴ˲ʳˡ
޳ɵص˵ͷԣҹеʳȲϺ⡣
䭳Գ˶ӣһֱŲö
ͬʱö
䭱ӴȾˣҲ̲סҲö
ԕDǸ˳Գŵشö̲סЦ˳ǼʳҩôϿʳҩȻϻܡ
ûСһ̵ӳԷֻ߷ֱӳԳšǸ˵һγԳŶӡ
ȥЩʳҩ
ãھȥ
Ǹ˽ӶĴöˡ
Ĳȥҹгʳˣ
ҡҡͷ˵ȥˣڳ˺⣬ʲôԡôôóԵⰡ
޸͵һԺ⡣
ٴǡ
⻰ǵʱ÷ǳ˷ܣ𣿡
ģҴһЩǳԡԕDϷʵǽ̫ѧǰٳһٺ⣬Ȼǽ̫ѧɾûкԡ
ԣ˵¶ʹɫ
Ȼ޲ס̫ѧ̫ѧѧǺģҪ̫ѧ緹
̫ѧҲҪϿΣϵʱĩʵ͸ϰһ
ϿѺѧᣬ޿Ͱ͵䭣˵һҸͿˡ
䭱ӿÿЦãһѧᡭԼҲϲԣһҪѧ⡣ȹʱջصüݣѺӳԡ
ʳҩ˻ԕDϿǳȥ
ǳʳҩ󣬴öͣס
ȻǽȥҹУǾͺúϢɣǡԕDǹɣҾͻȥˡ
ۣǳԵ̫ˣĳԲκζˣȻ⡣Ȼǳ˶ӣǻܳԵº⡣㡣
ǰԕD͵ſڣղҪ˴
ԕDʾǵģһǡ
߳ǼҵӣԕDͼԽظ˹
ôĺ𣿡
ĺˣ͵͵Ӽܳģȥ߾ӾԽԵһеɢˣѧػΣսɱС˵Ϊֱ𡣡ɵĸֶ˵ĵ£Ѫɲܲ
ӡ
ȥཫӦˣѾˡȻԕDûȷظԽ˵ȥԽµԕDȥͶࡣ˵дһƼţ˵ãԸһС𡣡
ԕDû뵽ģЩ죺ǶԼġ
ϾˡԽʣһܻܿõཫ¹͡
Եġ
£ݸˣһҪոʮһ¸Խ˵꣬ͳԕD𷣡
ҪΪãôûԕDַԽҲãðոʮݵϢݸ߾Ľʿǣ߾ĽʿǾͻ׼
¡
𣿡
ԕDһۿԽεЦЦ¿˰
ԕDغһߣ˼ܿ
ǣҶܿ˵꣬⻰̫ԣ⵽ڿڱ
ԕDϵЦݣȻ÷ǳԺ
Խһæ˵ҡ
ˣعɡ
Ԫڵţ£С˸˵һҪĹūѾˡ
ԕDһϲ𣿡
˵ʳ˾ʵˣﵽ˵ҪЧ
̫ˡԕDţϿع
ǣ¡
һعԕDȥïʵïʵҲڵ
С˼
ԕDһѷïʵ͵ʵūأ
ïʵóһѹū˫ֵݵԕDǰ̫ӵ£ʳ˾ҲҪġ
ԕDӹūϸؿ˿õ¡СᣬҪġ
£ūװʮ֧ʸïʵϸԕDܹū
ԕD˺󣬼ɴ¡ū׼һ֧ݵһʸػ׼еķ
дһҽ˸Ӹ߿ˤ
Ԫɼ״ķȥ
ԕDԻʳ˾Ĺū⣬ʳ˾úãҪúõǡ
£ǻʳ˾ġ
ǵͣûʳ˾˶һЩԕDԸú󣬾͵߾Ȼ߾ڰûɱɧţһ죬߾Ͳʱѹū͹ȥñ߾Ľʿúϰ͵͵Ҫĳ֪
ǣСסïʵ£ʵ£Ҫ߹ټ𣿡
𣿡ԕD˼£ʱŰɣµ᲻СĸĳʱĳҪ֡


50 
, ܻʺ¹ūū𺳵
һҪ, ͵ÿʿ˵꣬æʵ칭ūĳɱ߲ߣ
ͨ϶ҪһЩǺõĹȣǿ϶͡ԕDûʳ˾ūʱ򣬶ǵĵһҪǳɱ˹ߡ칭ūĳɱߣǾ͵òʧˡʺϴ, Ѿûʳ˾һ, Ȼ͵͵͵߾
ܻʺͷôš֮ǰ˵ʱ򣬲ܻʺ֪ūܺ, ǵذѹūлҪʿ˹ūľӵʱʤһЩ
ԕDԲܻʺصЦЦ݋, ūɲյū, ðľ֡|ڡ|ס||Ū
ܻʺ, ĿЦøĪĶӣ֮ǰ˵ū, ôֲ, ʲô
ԕDҡҡʳָ, ӵ˵ʱ㣬ǿ϶Ҫȹū
ԕDô˵ܻʺǳڴҵš
ԕD΢΢ü˵Ҫ, »ѡľֲô, ֻ»ʳ˾Ҫʵܾò, ֪ľֵĽṹ
ϱ, ֲĻԱľǷǳ˽ϤġУľַܲΪԭҲ÷ǳ׼
ѵĻʳ˾ӦܻʺӰѹūŪԶӳģŶҲ
ʳ˾»ǲġԕDȻ뵽Ӧʳ˾ʹͣ݋Ҫ݋ݣʳ˾ūӦͣҵǮҽ¡
ոïʵȥ͵ūСܻʺЦʳ˾ĹӦý͡
Ǿͽ݋ˡԕDվԲܻʺ˸񣬡݋ݣһȥˡ
Ͽ鲻Ҫ̫Ϣѧϰ棬ܻʺȫΪӲģҲõĶӲѧá
݋ݣС㣬ٰ⣬ȥǳԡ
á
݋ݣˡ
·עⰲȫ
ԕDÿ˯ϰߣô磬ܻʺ밲ѧʱţܻʺ밲
£˹ūǲǸȥˣһ˵ʱͳůˣʱǾȥԣȻԹūЧ
ҿ档ԕDһ۾ͿС˼ԹūǼ١
ĲֺõضԕDЦЦ£ѵ㲻ȥ𣿡
ԕD˵Ķˣȹʱů͵㣬Ǿȥԡ
ԕDӦˣ̫ˡ
ȥ꣬ԕD͸ȥԣһδԣԵ˼ֻӡ
ԣһҪԵһֻꡣǳС׳־˵
ԕD͸һӵ񣺡Ϊ˵ҪԵһͷܣû뵽ֻһֻꡣ
ҵҪԵһͷܣһԵһֻ˵ɡǷǳ֪֮ġ£ҪԵһͷܰ
ҵ룬⸱С϶ҲǲеġԕD˵¹⣬һͷ¹ɡԿ¹ˡ
¹Ҳʱһԡ
а
ܼӵÿ궼ڴ죬ԡڲϲԣԴûоٰԻԵĻߣĳǻ϶䣬ԴҲȤ佫ǵǶԴԸȤǲٰ촺ԻԣٸȤҲûá
ʱɱǾϣԽǡܼԼһƬɽרΧġΪ飬ܼһĳǲι˵ܼҾٰ촺ԺԽݣ˵ܼҲпʲôġ
ðԽԽ档
صԕDϰΣ֣
գ˳
ԕDбһڿĶʱһֲ̫õԤС
ǡ
̫ӵ£ǰ̫ѧѧԡ
̫ѧѧ
ðɣԡ
£ǿʼɡ
ԕD򿪿ȴͷβɨһۣĿȻѣ񶼿
ȻԣǾͿɡдľͿ¡
йڡݣԕDȫдǹڡѧߡӹݣͲˡʵкܶǻġ
̵֮ǰܻʺڣпվʦ̹徭Ȼܻʺǽ̵ķǳǳԕDȴȫǵġ֪ȻһӴѧϰ꣬ɲ絽ѧϰ徭
ԕDйءĲȫԣк⡣̫ӵѧ꡶ʱһʱ䣬̫ӵ¾Ȼܰѡǵ
йءһЩӡݺԕDͲˡ
ֻЩˣûѧˡȻ̫ѧѧѣҪȫĻҲ֣ǿܿ߰ʮ֡
ҲǿԕDеĿ̫꣬ӵ£ݿ
ԕDӹһǿдºʫʵġĿȻʵ¡
̫ѧĿԾͲܿһЩйصô쿼ʵ¡塢ʲô˼
̫ѧǲѧӿʵºʲôģԕDûס˵ǲ¹ߣ
ⱻԕDʵþ£漴¶ɵʵ̫ӵ£Ϊô˵
㿴¿ʲôԕDָſõ˵ʵ£ҿǰ̫ѧѧľʵº塣ʵº壬̫ѧûбĶɿ𣿡
һԭôһ¡һЦ£øÿʲô
ԕD˵쿼Щ£ֻѧǶ飬֪˽ѧӣպ볯ΪֻὲһЩΪʵ£Ϊǲ֪Ҫʲôһ仰ѵĳˡ
ſڱտھ£Ϊѧܱ֮ʿôԕDԽ˵Խ̫ѧΪѧô̵ѧǣѧһ̳ô
û뵽ԕDôǳ㵡
ƷΩжߣΪ仰ѧһֱǸ߸ϵģмũ̸Ϊ顣ԕDŭ⣬ѧӾԼǶˣΪԼһȣӦȥ˽Ǵġ̫ѧ̳ѧΪ˹»ƾ٣볯Ϊ٣Ϊ츣գ̫ѧҲա
⾪㶰ŻعĿǳԾԕD
Ϊѧ춼ڽ̵ѧʲôԕDΪ̫ѧΪѧ͸Ӧʣ̵ѧǾʷӼҲҪ̵ѧѧ˽Ҫѧ֪Ƕ鵽ΪʲôһȺظ̳һȺظ
ⱻԕDĻŵˣжˬȻסûЦ
Ȼǳ֣صԕD񣺡̫ӵ¡
ԕDͻȻһæȥĻ
ôʲô
̫ӵ£ղŵĻڵǳû뵽׵̫ӵ»뷨̫ˡܸˡ
ˣԕDЩȣһΪ
̫ӵղŵĻ˵ķǳԣܶѧӶ鿼ƾΪ˹»Ϊ츣աһ˵ǽ̵ĲԣǸѧ뷨̫ѧΪѧӦ̵ѧǺúö飬Ϊ͢ЧΪ츣ΪȨ
̫ѧΪѧӦѧıʣѧǲ֪ǶĿĵʲôԕDʹҲÿѧӶ鿼ƾΪ츣աʹѧǶ鿼ƾΪ˸ıԼˣǿУ볯Ϊ٣ıԼ˺󣬻츣һ¡
̫ӵ˵ĶԣǳˡԕDⷬЩΡ̫ѧĽ˵顣
úõظ˵ԕD뵽˷ͣ΢΢üͷ˵̫ѧиĸûиĸﵽס
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Ҫȥѣûռ飬
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ҲȫαˣǡԕḐ²ļ򣬡ˣȥš
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СӦˡ
ȥ;УԕDĴԵ顣
ʱԪɿǰԶˣæԕD˵£ǰǳ˺Ϳ
ԕDԣ̧ǰ濴һۣ漴ջĿ⡣
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Ԫɲ²ǹķǸӦǴӸɡ
˵ţùŹټûڸŰ
ԕDбһ۲ôʲô
ٺٵЦû˵ʲô
ǰߵĹŮԕDæԳ˵ˣ̫ӵں档
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㣬Ͳܲ𣿡
ܣĺǲϲġŮСԴӣҪǲ飬Ҷ㣬档
˼ԱŵˣԹԵ˵Ҷ飬һúö顣
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ϧԕD˼̫ѧѧӦ˫ȫҪ徭ҲҪֱ顣ϧĳǾԲѧѧϰպͱԺǻˣҪ̫ѧպͱĿγ̣ѧѧϰ
DDϧʲôʵ
ԕDԸЦЦûʲô
ܻʺ֪ڿϧʲôһŽԕD
ǲԸ飬ԺԼȥ
ԕDͷţԺԼڲ
ݺ͸ؿ˿ܻʺԕD˵ʲô
DDڿϧʲô
ûʲôٲԺ⣬Ҫˡ
ڳԺĲԕDô˵طѡС
һ룬ݺݵص㲻ٳԺˡ˵꣬Ͻ˺üŽԼ
ƾʲôҾҪԡ˵꣬͸˺⡣
ָشУǹ㲻ܸ⣡
һ̫ӵµıءŲܸǲǹظ˳ԡ
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԰̫ѧѧҲˡ˵ѧǵķǮѧ
̫ѧΪʲôûŮѧӰ˵Ҳȥ̫ѧ飬ʹһ顣һ飬ˡϲЩҪʶµѡҲڹ飬ȥ顣
Ϲ˵ʲôݵ˵Ů̫ѧѧǶѧһŮȥʲôԺ˵ֺ
Ϭŵˣ˵ʲôɵصͷš
ţԕDװźʳлضˡ˯Ѻȥǡ
ûмŻܻʺ˵ϵ顣
Ҿóǹ̫ӵµġ
ӦòǡܻʺղҲɳǹ·϶ԕDģǺ룬ûдزĸŮսֱܷ顣ȥǕDDǺ͹ټҶŹǡ
ˣټҵҪóϵŮź̫ӵµġݼܻʺţһ˵񣬳ĸŮˮ¥̨ȵ£ôܲŮӽ̫ӵ¡
ŮӽDDĺӾ͵ͷˡܻʺ󰲸ݵDDǹټҺҵۣҪǸҶԕDDֵ֣ٻٶûˣҲҪǸˣ֪ʲôʲô鲻
ڲ̫ӵʲôԺءǲųĸŮġò
ģһֱšܻʺؿһݣζ˵ͰźһУ㲻Ҫġ
˲ײܻʺ˼ʱ
ȻţҾͷˡ
ϽҲܻܲʺεؿݣôͲء
ⲻǡôԻʺǣôʲôôܲϣ޶ˡ
ڿ԰˰ɡ
ݵͷЦڳװˡ
磬ԕDִźȥǡ
ԕDˣ˰㡣
ۣ˰
ԕDȵ̬ŪĿЦãȤǵڵңڵȺɡ
Ц˵ǵȻڵ㡣ȸۣڵȺô
һԵص˵ͷ鿴ǳֿۣڵ㡣
аɣ֮ΣҾǵĻԕDû䭣ɻʵأ
ȥˡ˵žͳ̾Ϣһ˵öԣһ㶼򵥣Ϳʼ⣬һζûгɹ
޲˷˺ܶ⣬ոûպˣȥˡ
⻨˲Ǯ۵˵
Ҿ˵˺ûôԕD۰Ͱ͵⵱ʲô֪ΪѲˡ
ƽڼϲǼһֱǵǺģѵˡһֱԽеʳпʲôˣһѧͻᡣԭΪ⣬Ҳһѧͻᣬû뵽˺ü飬ûѧᡣ
Ƕ⣬ֵģû뵽˺ϡ޶ˡ
ʧ˳ɹ֮ĸٶͻˡ
ϣܿѧᣬȻǵǮ²ˡ
Խһֱ¶ɻʵմӣµʲô𣿡
Щε˵ûУʲôûС
Խڿ㣬ڿеʳСԕDϷʵԣڿʳĺ⡣
ԕDһ˲ǵͨ죬Ͱ͵طǡ
?㲻Ժ⣿
룡ɵ˵ԣ˵꣬Ͱ͵ؿԕD
ҲͬԕDۣҲԡ
һСèӣԕDڶˡ
Ȳһȡ
̫ˡ
ûһ䭾ͻˣ˲⡣
޴䭸ϿԕDһȣǵȲҪˡ
ҲԺæȥȡ
һζͳˡ
ŵ˵ζ뵽ճԵĺ⣬һ춼ǿˮ̿ˮ
⻹ûȺãǾſվԣ۰Ͱ͵صš
ضŹĺ⿴ԕDûסЦ˳ǵӶҪˡ
ûԕDĻ䭣Ⱥ˰ɣ
Ⱥˣ԰ɡ
վߣһҸسź⡣
˴ĺ⣬ζǸ˳˴ʧƷԵǶҪԵĺʲôζˡ
ڳԵԕDĺ⣬Ǹ˾Լ˹
ˣ׷ǸϽʢѺ֭档
ԕDĿɿڴؿվߣһԷ
ǡûţ
ҡҡͷķ˳ȥſڵûԡ
ΪʲôûŰ
˵̫⣬ˣԲ緹ûԡһ綼⣬Ҳһֱٳ⣬ԵĶˣʵûθڳ緹˸۴ĺ⣬ǾθڳԷˡ
ԕDŲµʲôûٳʧܵĺ⡣
ǰѺʢ԰
ҡͷʾվųԾͺá
һǸֳ뷹ְԼԳˡڲʳҩУǸϽȥûö
ޣǿô𣿡
㣬ǡΪ˺⣬˿̵ıǳ㣬ɢҸĹâîʱĿȥ̫ѧ顣
Ƕ׼𣿡ԕD˵Ҫû׼ͷ˸һݡ
׼ˡ뵽ܳһʱճԲ⣬ɫʱȻ
ʲôʱ尡
һһ죬Ҫ¸µײ塣һ뵽¸µײܳԵԕDĺ⣬ֻ춼Ҫˡ
һ޿ģԕDЦҲζҪ¸µײܳԵⰡ
仰һѵǳֺݺݵز|ֵܵĿϡ
ۣ̫ˡߵؿԕD
ޣڸ֮ҪáԕDڳһı飬ǿ̫ѧҪѧҵΪأ˺ɡ
ôصԹصԕDۣΪʲôҪǳԺⰡΣڳԺ⡣
ԹԕDǳ޹ô˵ҵĴ˰Ժ󲻸ǳˡ
ۣҴˡæǸ
Ǻú̫ѧ飬˵һȥ̫ѧǡ
ǾԕDǲܼˣҪȥ̫ѧǺܼ򵥡
ðǵ㡣
ۣҪһȥ̫ѧɣԸ۵ݣҪμ̫ѧѧԣֱȥ̫ѧ顣
Ҹûãʱȥ̫ѧ飬ǵҼꡣ
ãǵ㡣
ԕDһ֮ǰعˡ
ջعͱȥ
˰
ǰˣû
ԕDǳ˵ûС
̧ô¶ӵСԴ˵Сûĵġ
ɶ£ԕD뵽ʲô˫˲ǲʲô£
Ǻ¡ҲӣŷҪˡ
ҪˣԕDϲʵʲôʱ꾩
ա
̫ˡǰ꾩ļˣҪһ˻
һϢ¸̻꾩
ҲҪ˰̫ˡԕDʵأ
ҪһЩ
û°ɣԕDһֱͼҩĺͲƷкúõسҩͳԲƷӺ˲١ǣ̫ŷ͵Ļ·ͱϲǡ
㲻ǾҩĺͲƷôӺ˲٣ƽص꾩ġ
ô˵ԕDͷˡ
ʱïʵҴ˽ɫ̫õ棺ټңˣ๫ûˡ


51 
ʲô, ûˣ
ںԕDͬʱ¶ŵɫ
ܣԕDüͷһԸŵı飬Ҳ˲ҩĺͲƷ, дŸ˵, , ôܳ¡֮ǰҲʷʮ겡, Ҳ׼˲ٺõҩĺͲƷ
̫ӵ, ๫ûˡïʵѸղյżݸڡ
ڽӹ, ϸؿ˿󷢳һص̾Ϣ, ϧˡ
ԕDù, شͷһ顣ǰİҹŵġ
д, һֱ̫ã, Ȼʲô󲡣Сϡ
ΪС, Լû̫⡣ټϣ鲻ãһֱѻ, ֲúõسҩ, ԽԽá
ǰʱ䣬˷纮ķȡԭΪ֮ǰһû, û뵽ûͦȥ
ԕD͸ҩĺͲƷ, һֱûгԡԼӲ, ûҪ̫ӵ͸ôҩĺͲƷ, Ҳûгԡ
ǰİ죬ѾˣҲƽЩ˶Ϊûˣû뵽ҹͻȣһʱ÷ǳͣ뾡취Σǻ졣
ԕDģʮߣʮϧ
Լӵһ£Ļ͵ҩĺͲƷ
ǰ뿪꾩ǰԕDƽһҪغӣҲһҪ͵ĲƷӦĺúõأû뵽תȥأͰĻ֮Ժˡ
ϧʮͲšһвŻˣȻϵûĲŻڣҲһǳˡ
ǰҶǧƽﱣغԼӣһҪ͸ĲƷӦҺúõءÿдŸҪ˳͵ĲƷȫûаҵĻȥԕDҪ
˼ϸ壬ǰᣬѻԭ򡣡ںϲºʫʣʫоܸܵǱȽϴġ
Ҿ͵Ϊǰҹ˵ҪϣԺܸѧϰдºʫʣغú£ȡ꾩ҲӦˣû뵽ԕDԽ˵ԽҲԽ˵ԽΣû뵽ȫûаҵȥ
ְ룬ΪԭŻĲţھ̫ϧˡԼ벻ôҲûá
Թ԰úõ¡ԕDдϲţǼûʲôøСΪĲŻŻôµعãϴӦĺúõأתͰĹһԡ
ֲ˵Ĺзϵˣĺջ
˵ȥְһʼ϶иָĲ˳ֻҪ¶ĺú£һܿ˷ѣŷһǣѣģôС
ڼ̧ۣļ˵ÿ˶ŷ̫дˡ
ԕDԽԽһСǵͨ죺úðϧԼӡ
ûðɣڸϽؿڣ˳
ѾˣҲûá
ԕDȻ뵽˷ͣķ͸һ
ĺúõģû𣿡͸һУװĻ˽ȥﲻ͵ҩĺͲƷҲһƭҰɣ
⵹ûУͺĻ͸ҩĺͲƷȫȥ
ԕDɣ𣿡ǸʷһˣЩķҲʷزš
ڿһïʵïʵ⣬ضԕD˵̫ӵ£๫غܺãûг¡
ûƭң
С˲ƭ̫ӵ¡ïʵ˵๫ĻܰϧԼӡ
һֱҪص꾩ôܲĻڰ˵Ҫŷ͡
ںïʵô˵ԕD˲١
ǾͺãûйҵһƬ⡣⣬Ļᱻʲôʱ꾩
Ǳ߻ЩûãҪײܻ꾩Ҫˡ
ԕD˵ҴдһŸƽƽػ
ͲҲĻ
Ҫô죿ôѾûˡ
֪ͨˣ˸ȥӻ꾩ڵ޻ʹһЩˣָԭְᡣΪһˡ
ԕDͷ˵ҲֻˡΪȥضѻô꾩ָԭְ˵ӦһǳõĽ֡
ӵ̾ССӲҪ̾
ԕDֻӵڵ֣ĵ˵ϧӺºͣȻƽʱ࣬꾩ʲôóԵĺͺģһʱ͸ʮ갡
ǰʮꡣҲ̾Ϣһ˲ˣϧҲûá
ԕD̾һ
DDȥ݋ݣתķˡķǲܻʺѡ
ǰȥء᲻޶һȥسԿ࣬޶꾩޶
ãھȥ݋˵
ܻʺ֪飬Ҳǲôˡ
ʮ갡ôܻ͡ʺأޥôܣķ˶ޥǶ֮ŮܻʺǹŮСһ𳤴˵ĸǳãͬ׽һ㡣
݋ݣúðοɡ˺úðοҲûˡ
ôô벻ܻʺüͷ˵
̫дˡ˵˼ȽУǷǳߣһ鲻ǵ⣬ǾûܣȻԹ԰ذԼ
ܻʺһҡͷһ̾Ϣھȥ֪ͨޥ
݋ݣҪǲģһ˹ɡķ˷ǳమͻȻţֻ˽ܲصĴ
ɫ첻ʺϳȥռҿ
һȥ
á
ܻʺѴ˽һƣ̳ȥռң֪ͨޥһ¡
ΪͻȻţʱԕDͲܻʺûʲôθڡ
ţԕD˲ܻʺ˵һŻض
ڻض·ϣԕD黹ǲãȰο˵£Ѿˣ㲻Ҫ̫ѹ
ѹϾ˵ԕDû˵ȥ
£ԼϧԼӣѹҲûðûûаͬ顣ܲһʵ̫ˡЩûãһѾͳܲסȻѰٻġ˵׻̫ûá
һ仰˵ķǳ̱˵Ҳǳԡ
£ĶˣԼϧûҪΡȻԕD߲꣬ǳϦദԕDӻЩ˽⣬֪ԕD˿ϧѹжΡ
ҲµȥػѻпܻǰŻǰ㶣ΪľúõػţȻƽƽػص꾩ԕDǻûоĲܣٹܻ꣬꾩ġ
£㾡ˡ
ˡôϧҲܻ
£㲻ǲ̫ϲĳΪʲôôܣ
ǲϲĳ佫ĴѹĵǲǺ޿ȡ֮ԕDɫضԲ˵ĳܵġ佫Ҳȫǿ֮šңֻĳ佫õģҪĳ佫ͬЭκã𣿡ԼǲǸ˰ϢðΪĳ޿ȡ֮佫Ҫǿĳ
һμ̫ӵôض˵һʱŵЩסˡ
Ҫĳ佫ͬЭĳ佫佫ĳ֪𣿡
ƶǶص˵ͷ֪ˣ¡
ĳûôⲻԕḐص²ļ򣬡Ժڿĳ棬Ҫһζѧѧ˼ҵĿȡ֮
ɵˣѧϰĳĿȡ֮
ҵİպҪĸϣĳĲܣҲҪ佫¸ҳϡԕDĳضԲһֱĳôĵ⣬պô˫ȫ
£ҡ
㲻Ҫʧ
ԣͷһݣ漴˫ֱȭԕD񣺡£һʧ¶պһúõѧϰĳǵܣҲиպͱѧϰ
Ļ˽ȥԕDصͷҾ֪㲻ʧ
ɫ£ģպһúõغѧϰ
ͶˡԕDЦǻȥɡ
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֪ţռھ޴ıʹ֮¡
ޥ˵Ϣͻ˹ȥžϢ
ܻʺһ㷴ӦûСʧȥ꣬ľؿڴϡ
ܻʺ󿴵⸱ʹģ絶ź̲ס˳
ԕDռÿ˶ǳˣͳ԰οǣǲҪ̫ˡ
˹ټң˻ʺ̫ӵµ̽ռ˻ָ˵㾫
ܻʺΪʺ󣬲ܳʱڹţο˶ޥһŻع
ڻع·ϣԕDʲܻʺ󣺡݋ݣĶôռյŵϢĶҹǰݽ׻ؼҡ
ҲвŻܻʺ˵꣬ӵ˼DD롭
Ķǿ֮ţպһȫҲȴ֮ź
Ǹ֮ţá
ܻʺô˵ԕDˡ
ָԭְչ涨Ķܵõ񲹣ͽʿõԺɡԕD˼һںԺѧϰŷǻ˭ԸĶӡ
źܺáܻʺ֪ôŵĿġ
ӦҵûǾӰɡ
Тˣٰ¡ȥչأĶҪΪТꡣ
ã݋ԸռǱ˵һͻȻţռʧȥĹǣϢռңռаȫС
һޥ˵ܻʺ΢΢̾˿ϣޥͦ
ҪһܻͻȻʧȥˣûһǻġ
صУܻʺԕDȥ˸ڻ㱨ռҵ
˺̾Ϣһ
ԕDѶĶӵİŸ˵˵ڶû˵ʹӦš
ڻ㱨ռҵԕDͻضˡ
ȥˣһֱڵԕD
Ǹһˡ
̫ӵˡ֪ԕDȥռңĵʵ£ռô
Һ͋݋ȥ˺Ǻ˵㡣ԕD˵ռҵȽӻٰɥ¡
ӿϧˡ͸ԼֶһĲţҲܲܡ
ԕD˵飬˵ֻѹתƻѯ⣺ո̫ѧĽĵô
̫ӵµ˼úõظï˵ˣ޳İšЦһʱ䣬ô¡
ԕDԣصͷǾͺá
£ʱ䣬ȥ̫ѧ˵ïĲãٺúõظ˵˵
Уҹʱȥ̫ѧԕDԭʱȥ̫ѧޡǶɡ
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գǳרע⽲ΡȻӦ̫ӵ»úѧϰȻҪ
ʱΣԕDʹŲȥš
ӳϽھҲûҲûкͲܻʺùš
ڲһ£ܻʺں˵ڲá
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ԕDһ֣üͷôأ㲻ᱻȥ˰ɣţݺ͸ûкһá
ûУ
ԴǴΣԕDԺھҲûǰҲûøȥ⡣
ǾͺáԕD˵꣬ﲻģͰԪɽ˽ȥ˵ȥ⣬ҡ
ǣ¡Ԫǰ
ôôŸ棿DD⺢һͲ⣬ˣǲ⡣
݋ݣǸԽͼı졣ⳤúʵĻǷǳġ
Ըͼı죿ܻʺ¶ɵʵͼʲô
ͼ޸
ܻʺ󱻶⻰ˣεЦ⺢Ϲ˵ʲô
݋ݣҿûϹ˵ԕDһ˵Ȣ㣬ٻ󡣡
ܣǸı塣ܻʺö뷨ЩˣҪȢټҲӦģϾֲԡ
ԕDζ˵݋ݣǿɲһ
ʲô˼
ԕDûֱӻش𣬶Ƿʲܻʺ󣺡݋ݣʲô̬ȣ
ܻʺ˵
пǷ˵ҪȢ㣬ԥӦġ
һԵĲԾŴͣɣǹı壬ټôܴӦ
ֻȽ꣬ڵѽ޸һźܺõĻ¡ԕDԵһֲҵĿǷǾԼˣ޸һί
ܻʺ˶ⷬ󣬾úеڵӣĲ˼ɱ֣Ȣ
ûʲôѧʺ볯Ϊ٣Ȣ˽ܳΪԕDȻܲȴٺ»ݻߣǵΨһŮǴΨһĹȢ˽㣬һӵٻ󣬺ֶΪأ
˵Ķԡ
ǸˣȴǡԕD¶˵޸ʲôýҪһǽ㲻ϲ⣬Ҳõѽ޸⡣
ԹټҵӣĺпܰѸ޸⡣ܻʺЩǵ˵Ҳ̬ȣ˭Ҳֹ
ȥֹҪѽ޸⣬ǵԺǻһּý롣ԕD˶ԲߣҶҿûаΣʱҲҿ
ܻʺһ⻰֪ڴʲô⡣
ҪвټҰ
ԣҪѽ޸⣬ֻвˡԕDǳֵ̯һӣΪҶϵңҪְѽ޸⣬ǾͱҵǻҲҿûа顣
ܻʺֳؿŶӣ㰡
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Ӧòټ¡ܻʺ˲ˡ
ǲᣬԼȢ㰡ԕD˵ķǳƶ݋ݣſɡ
ȻԕDˡ
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˵ûжס
һ⻹û˵ףԸС˵ףϲʲôŮӡ
ⱻʵĺˣû˼ش
һ⸱ɬģǲϲˣͻ顣
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Ϊ⺦߲˵͹˵
ԥһŸ˵ϲҪȢΪޡ
⻰һ˵ڣҲŵˡ
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û˵飬Ąӡ
ïʵĵ˳ȥС˵һͼææȥ
ԕDûߣˣüضԲܻʺ˵݋ˡ
ǸܻʺԕD֮ǰڸ˵ǷԕDǡ
ںȲ裬ĻذĲˮȫ˳
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飬֪ˡܻʺͷлл
ˡǴСųģС͹ɶ£̷ǳãϣһùޣԲһùޡ
飬ȥ
݋ݣС˵һи׼ҪˡһڵĻҪǰѸ޸⣬һᱻ˵Ӧġڽ㣬ͲҪˡ
ãһС˵ܻʺ̾ÿһùټ¹ˣû뵽ټһ
һֹ顣
ȲҪвټҡټҪѸ޸⣬ҺСȰȰټҡܻʺ󲢲ϣвڣΪǲ̫ǵȰˣٸټ˵
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ţ̸ȽϺá
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ܻʺ΢΢ףȥɡ
݋ݣȻȥˣȥҡ
á
ԕDص˯һʱʹŲˡ
£˽ϰūĲʲôʱ򿴿
ԕDûʳ˾ĹһūȻ˽ԽǡΪʱĳ֪ūĴڣԕDûŸеĽ
գԼ顣
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˵֪̫ӵ˽¼кɻ󣬵ԕDɫش̫˳
⻹ڼҪȢۻˡ˻ôһ˵ټң͸ס
˰˺ݺݵѵһ٣Ҳݺݵʹһ٣ġ
ȻӦ˵ͬȢͲԷ
һŻˣȥټҡ
ʳʳҲȥټҡʲôʱȢ뷨ʲôʱ
˴ûм˷ôĻЩŵˡ
˺۰⣬ΪҵպùټҴӦѸ¼޵
ۣ̫ԕDЩϲ

ۣ㡣
ʲôֱ˵
㣬ɲ̫Ͷд⡣úôóԵһӦȫ˶ԵԾ뵽Ͷ嵽ʳϡͶǰѯԕDͬ⡣
ԕD΢΢üЩΪѡ
ðҪͶ塣
Ҫȫµ֪⣬ԵǶԵģǡԕD˵ҵļ۸ᱩǡ
ϲʲô˵݋ݡϲʲôͻ䣬ȻĶͱǡϲƻôƻ۸ͻᱩǣͻᵼͨϰճԲƻ
ھ͸ԕDͲܻʺƽԶҪ˿ϲãȻͻ¡
ǰԕDѼŪȻ󴫵䣬ļ۸ǣͨϰճԲ𼦵ԕDǿӲֶƽּ۸񣬼ļ۸Żָ
ۣⲢȨ󰮳Ե⣬ӦòǼۡȷȨǰԵ⣬ٹƽﰮ⡣⣬Ȩ࣬óԡ
⵹ǣǾðͶɡԕDȻ뵽ǼҲʲô£ܸϰһ롣ļ۸ǵ̫ףǾó͢ƽּ۸񡣡ôأ
Щ˼˵δɹ˵꣬æһ䣬Ҫɹˡ
ڴĺ⡣
µףӦɹʱҪ
ãһ
ԕDֹĵѯ̫ѧ˵̫ѧｻ־ͬϵѣѧϰǰоˣο
֪̫ѧĺܺãԕDͷˡ
ָһԕDŻعջع͵֪ŷ޻ص꾩Ǹˡ
ŷ޲Ż糾͵ģʱ޷ʥ˵;˷ǳƣҪúϢһ
ڵ֪ŷ޻ص꾩ּڼҺúϢաϢúٽϳҲ١
ŷȻں̫ӵ£Ҳ֪⸱ǱģʺϽڵּ⣬Ϣٽ
ԕDЩȲҪŷޣûмŵȥŷޣǵȵڶȥŷޡ
ŷڼϢ˵һЕDDĺҪ
һDD֣ŷ͵վȻһƵȥſڡ
ԕDŷ޻˻֣֪˭𣿡
ŷϸشû̫ӵ£ǰ˲٣Ҳ˲١ֹˣ̫ӵֳƯ٣ǰˡ
μ
ԕD˹ȥֹŷ޵񣺡ŷ棬Ҫ񡣡
ŷƺŷסˡ
ԕDŷգգۣŷҿһֱڵ̵ҶŶ


52 
ԕDŷ޴ͷ, ϸϸش˼һЩɣüһƬƣ, ޵ͷ˼˿
겻, ŷޱЩҪ֮ǰӳЩ
ŷ޼̫ӵһֱЩţ̧Լʵ̫ӵ£ʲô֮𣿡
ûʲô֮ǱˡԕDŷΪ꾩, عƳ˲ٿࡣ㶼аͷˡ
ŷ, һЦЩûŵ̫ӵ£
ҵӿûôСԕD˵, ŷ, ǲǺࣿ
ࡣʵ, ְǷǳģŷ޾ֵãΪࡣ֮ǰ̫ӵ²ϵóСӻ϶ǵСʱ飬ŷûмԕD, ԕDǡ
ôܰˡԕD˵, ҿǾдŸǵģ˰
л̫ӵһֱļǹҡȻ̫ӵ²Ǿдţһ֮ڻдţĵѯص, ǼҩĺͲƷ
лԕD˫С, Цеؿŷ, ޣ˵˵ְ¡
̫ӵڽޡŷ޶ٸСӸղŵڣ̫ӵһֱûнޡΪ̫ӵ¸ˡ
̫ӵʲô
ʲôԕDЦ˵ޣ˵
ŷ΢˼˵͸̫ӵ˵˵ݵķɡ
ðԕDڳһϴģ
ŷ޽Ź£ԕD˵˵ݵķ飬˵ķǳȤڶг
ԕDýζ
ԪɼʱˣĵߵԕDߣ̫ӵ£ʱˣûعˡ
ԕDЩ᲻ûعǱع
ޣȻعˡ
̫ӵ¡
ŷ԰ԕD͵ſڡ
ޣոմػ̫ãڼϢհɡ
̫ӵ£ϢһվͿˡ
ҲϢաԕDվţϣ̧ŷ޵ޣ㿴ɫж֪뼱㱨񣬵ǲգ㻹ڼҺúϢգɫȥϳ
̫ӵ¡
ŷ޵Ļû˵꣬ĺӱԕD¡ԕDСģŷ˵ޣԹ
̫ӵŭɵŷֻܹԹǣ̫ӵ¡
ŹԕḐŷ޵ļְ˵ޣҪսһϳȥģջʵʵشڼϢ
̫ӵµĻһڼҺúϢ̫ӵôģŷȻټһ㱨ڳݵĹ񣬵ǲܾܾ̫ӵƬ⡣
ԕDԣ͸ŷһõЦݡ
Ŷԡ˵꣬Ȼ뵽ʲôֶŷ˵ޣӭ
ӭ仰شŷϣĵطһ˲ؿɬ͡
ԕDſ˫֣˱ŷޡ
ޣҺܸˡ
ŷֻرԕD˫΢΢˵Ҳܿٴμ̫ӵ¡
ԕDַſŷޣЦЦޣһôˡ
ŷ⻰ɵؾסˣ£ΪΣ
ΪԺҵˣٽˡԕDվţϣ򵥵ŷ˸񣬡ԺҪˡ
ŷַԕDһͰЦ£㻹ǿԽҡޡ
ٽ޾Ͳ̫ʦصˡԴΪԕDҲûнй⡾⡿ȻعˣڼҺúϢ
ߡ
ԕDŷ޻˻֣תţ
ŷվſڣĿԕDţԶȥֱҲţתص
û뵽̫ӵ»㡣ŷ޵ķ˶ԕDǼҿһ£еǳԾû뵽̫ӵ³Ưɰŷ޷˵һμԕD
̫ӵ¶ǼһǳġŷЦҲû뵽̫ӵ»ҡ
ɼ̫ӵǷǳġ
̫꣬ӵһֱͨţعòãǵӲãÿһʱ͸ǼҩĺͲƷ̫ӵôĵؼǹţŷǷǳжְʱƴ£ϣ꾩
̫ӵ˰
̫ӵ¶ǼһƬ֮ġԣҲҪر̫ӵһƬ֮ġǼƴҪ
Ǽи
ֹǼôõ̫ӵ£ӵĸҡ
̫ӵ¿ڼҺúϢտɲܽ
ϢһաŷΪص꾩·;мûͣȷۺƣ
Ŷԡŷ޵ķ˵ó˲Ҫȼ룬ɫãȻ̫ӵµĵġ
úúãҶȼ롣˵꣬ŷ뵽ʲôԼ˵˺ܶ𣿡
Щ㻹Ǻܺÿ
ȿȿȡŷЩ˼ؿ
ŷ޺ˣŷ޷Цĸˡ
ţϣԕDһֱЦݣ̲סʵ£ôϲŷް
ŷ޺вŻպ̵ҵʱҪúøѧ
·ģһúѧġ
ԕD˵˵ǰŷദ飬Լŷǽ顢д֡
ѹŷ޻ôˡ
ŷ޺ͺԺõˡԕDһ˵ǺҹϵãպҳոʮݣӦòᷴԡ
һ⻰֪ԕDʲô˼
ıԶǡ
ŷǼĳãպҲܰĵԴոʮݡ
£ҪһԾ
ԕD΢΢ףȻȻѧϰպͱʲô㵽ʱһս
⻰ͷʱûȣǣ¡
صУԕDȥ˸
ïʵԶԶؼԕD߹æǰӭμ̫ӵ¡
𡣡ԕDʵڲæ
̫ӵ£ټֵ
ԕDüͷïʵ˵Ҹ˵һȥŷˣŷ޳;ƣҲ㲣ڼٶϢա
ǣ¡
ˣ𣿡
£ˣûдﵽҪĽǻҪĽïʵ˵ٸһʱա
ԕDҲ֪¼ãͷ˵Ǿٸһʱա
л̫ӵ¡
ʳ˾кڻ𣿡ԕD˵ĺڻʵǻ|ҩ
ڻ𣿡ïʵ΢΢ 
ʳ˾ûУԕDŲŻʳ˾ûкڻ
ʳ˾У£Ҫڻʲôïʵ£ڻΣ֮
֪ڻΣգҲûúڻ˼
ԕDô˵ïʵһ
Ҫڻ
ڻïʵһ𾪡
ԣ֮ǰҵ֪֪ڻôԕD˵ɣӻʳ˾ŪڻңҪԺڻ
ïʵ޳ɵ˵̫ӵ£̫Σˡ
˵ԣҪԶ֣ǿԸҿԕD˵УѺڻ䷽ҿ֪δĻ|ҩʲôóģȻúִĻ|ҩȽϣҲ֪ôľŪ
£вԺڻ𰡡
ԕDïʵˣɵЦҲըһɽҿЧ
ïʵЩãʵ£˼ǣ
ը¯ӸҿԕDǺ뿴ڻըɽҪôǻɧҡ
ը¯ӣ
ըˣ
ïʵæͷܣը
ԕDϻеʱ䣬Ͷïʵ˵ʳ˾ը¯Ӱɣը¯ӣᾪˡ
ԡ
ȥʳ˾˵ڻûȥʳ˾֪ʳ˾ʲô
ïʵˣ̫ӵ£Ҫȥʳ˾
Ҳȥ
ïʵ¶Ϊѣ̫ӵ£ʳ˾С»ŵʳ˾ţʳ˾Ƚïʵ»ŵԕD£ʳ˾ȥĵط
ʳ˾ϻ
ûС
ΪʲôȥԕD֪ïʵڵʲôҲȥʳ˾ĵطҸطը¯Ӹҿ
ïʵԕD˼£մ𣿡
Уǽ׼¡ԕDïʵѴûǿӲҪȥʳ˾׼ˣǵҡ
ǣ̫ӵ¡
ˣȥ
̫ӵߡ
ȥ·ϣԕD˵£Ҫȥʳ˾ʳ˾ɲʲôõط
Һܺʳ˾Ǹʲôĵط˲¹ͷᵽʳ˾ÿ˵ɫӶη塣
ɣʳ˾յĵطôȰ˵£ʳ˾ﻹ˲ˣ㻹Ҫȥ
ֲȥʳ˾ĵΡԕḐ²ļ򣬡ֲȥʳ˾Щ˵飬ܲڶը¯Ӱɡ
£ǿȥׯը
㿴ʱпȥׯ𣿡ԕDҲȥׯӰûʱȥ
ҺһȥȻȥʳ˾ΪԕDһȥʳ˾
ҪǺ£Բøȥ
Ų˵ҲŲ¡
ԕDҡҡͷû˵顣
ʱïʵֵԕDĻתڡ
˺Цŷ޵ǹĵĺܡ
ټңڳԴ𣿡ϴȤڼ̫ӵ¹ŷ๫𣿡
޳ԴףһȻЦһ޿ûгԴס
ټң̫ӵȥ̽ŷ࣬ӦҲǴȥİɡ
޿ûȥԼҪȥģһֱڵŷ޻Ц֪ŷ޻ص꾩Ȳȥˡ
̫ӵĺܹŷ๫ˡ
DDŷǼϵܺá˵˵ţ¶⣬ŷǼŸ߰˶ΪЩǶԕDDȴǳ۰
̫ӵ´ϻۿɰ˭˶ϲϽЦҿ̫ӵҲ̲סϲټͻʺô̫ӵôƯ㰡
ڱһ仰Цˣָų˵ڴ޺ͻʺ󰡡
ټңҿûдͻʺľͻʺ̫ӵ̫ÿˡϵɫǳϣԻ̫ӵ±ĺÿ
һԵĳ˼ص˵ͷ̫ӵ³ÿһҪÿ
ڴЦDDɲ޺ͻʺ󡣡
һȣ̫ӵ²ͻʺ˭
ׯ̫ܲ󡣡ᵽĸڵɫ˲DD۾ׯ̫ܲһģһ
֪ׯ̫ܲڵĸûмׯ̫ܲ󣬵ǵڹ˵ׯ̫ܲݳɫ
ѹ̫ӵ˳ڡ
DD̫ͬһ죬Ǻ񡣡
̫ӵº̫ͬһ̫ӵи
⻰˵ڰDDˣ
ǰʱգӸ·̫ӵ¡ϼԕD̫ӵȻףȴһϡ
𣿡ǹɿɰģϣû
ϣһϡ
޵û֡
Ϊ̫ӵǷǳɰĶӡ
һֱڿԕDʮָˡ
һԵïʵ״ºǾɡҪϴˡ֪ټϲ̫ӵ£ڹټǰֿ̫ӵ£ټҸˡǰڹټңζ̫ӵµһ۾ܿ
磬ԕDȥ˻ʳ˾
ʳ˾ڻʹһ۵Ľ䣬˾ŷɥĻʳ˾
ïʵԕDȥ˻ʳ˾һҡ˵ңǿռȴǳӦڳġ
мڷһ˸ߵ¯ڷһźڻ
£Ǻڻ䷽
ԕDïʵнӹ䷽γĺڻ䷽ܼ򵥣ǡʯľ̿ҪȺĻ|ҩ䷽׺ܶࡣ
ïʵԕD΢΢üͷΪʲôԣʵ£ڻ䷽ʲô𣿡
ЩԕDѺڻ䷽ïʵ¯ĺڻŰɡ
£ȳȥС´¯ӵƬ˵
ԕDͷŲȥվš
ûãһţо΢΢¯ըƬڵϵ
ŵòᣬһֱ˫ɫ֡ԕDȴɫƽûа־塣
һԕDֽң¯ֻǱըƼƬûȫը١
ïʵԕDһõı飬Щŵʵ£ʲô𣿡
һźڻԕDһ¯ը飿
̫ӵ£һźڻïʵʵ˵ǿˡ
ԕDָ¯һڶҡı飺⣬ǿ
£źڻըһСɽïʵڻС
Ҫ˺ܶࡣԕDµγĺڻ϶ܸȣһźڻըһ¯ɣûУʧڻ䷽̫ˣǡʯľ̿ıüӴ󡣡
Ӵ
Ӵͻ󡣡ԕDùǼӴȻһʵ顣
£ӴĻͲڹʵˡʱҪǰѹըˣô졣
Ǿȥʵ顣ԕDбһïʵңʳ˾ûзӡ
еģʳ˾꾩ׯӡ
Ǿȥ꾩ׯԕD˵ҽҪıʱùһ
ïʵӦܿ죺̫ӵ£ıڻй𣿡
ԣҰͼֽ㡣ïʵԕDʮεġߣïʵƹܻʳ˾
ǣ¡
߰ɡȻԕDʳ˾ïʵ϶Ӧˣúùʳ˾
ïʵ̫ӵûҪʳ˾ﳤһ̫ӵ¶Իʳ˾棬Ҫȥʳ˾ط
ڣ̫ӵ̫СʺϹʳ˾
ʳ˾ԺһЩԺҪĶֻܶ࣬ڻʳ˾ĹáĹһЩԺá
ǣ¡
˶ˣٶһЩѧȽϺõˡԕD飬еѧȽϺõ˺󣬾ڻʳ˾һԺ
Ժïʵһ˵֣̫ӵ£Ժʲôģ
ǮƵġ
ԕDǳϸظïʵԺãԼô
ïʵܴģԕDĽ󣬾ԺãȻ󱻾ˡ
⡭
ûףԕD˿򵥴ֱķʽˣôïʵûסïʵûҲϾǺŪģγ˵̫ǰˡ
ˡïʵ򵥵ظһ顣
ïʵˣԕDǾܴ
̫ӵ£ӢïʵԕD𺳵ˣ̫ӵ£ԺӦɳ͢
ԕDͷԺ϶ڳ͢רŵԺڻʱڻʳ˾Ȼʳ˾ԺóˣǸʱһ齨Ժ
ïʵԕD˼̫ӵ·ģСһô¡Ժ͢Ժ츣͢츣ա
˻ѧҲҪˣȻԱʱγѾʱͷýԺ
С˴ȥջѧҲ˵ˡ
к˺󣬸˵һ
ǣ̫ӵ¡
߳ʳ˾ԕDûлضҲûȥֱӳˡ
ţϣԕD£ո˵Ժʲôôû֮ǰ˵Ժʱÿ֣Щɾӵʱˡ
ǹͼලǮĲţ̫һ
ûףҡҡͷ˵
ˡԕDٽͣҲòϡ
ïʵôˣЩïʵһ̶ˣȻû
˼ұ
ʱԪ͵ͣţԕDͲţ˳ȥҺԕDʱסţĲڡ
Ԫɣʲôشе
ˡǰ˵·м䡣Ԫɫŵ˵Сȥ
ûײ˰ɣԕDƿ˳ȥһ˵·м䡣
Ԫɷ·мˣһŵʵ˼ңû°ɣ
˼ҶԪɰ˰֣û¡
ԕDţߵԪǵǰԪɷŵˣͷңݲɣȴһɷѵʡ
˼һŨŨľζӦǺˣ·м䡣
˼ңû°ɣûˤţ
˼ҼԕDȻЦĸɸǰСͯܵˣ
ĺ
ԕDվһԿֵˣ˭ʶλ˼𣿡
Сӣߣ㲻ùȺвϳ˼ңָ˵ȾƣԼȵģС㲻ù
˼ƿԪɵ֣ûһܺȡ˵꣬ĵˡ
ߣ?
ԕDһ죬Ǿ벻
Сӣ㲻ùҪȥȺ󡣡
Ⱥߵļҡ
ߺôǸˣôȺ|ŮΪ顣
ʲôˣ
⸱ģвŻġдʫʣȺЩŮȴ
˵ǰٵġ
٣ܣ
٣
Сӣ߲µģ㲻Ҫġ
ԕD·˵һл»صţϡ
ո·˵ߣԽԽϤ벻˭
ȵȣòһаɡ
ԕDԼĶͷԼ˭ϧ˺ü¶û
£ôˣԕDһֱԼĶͷǵʵ£ͷۣ
ǣҾøղǸߵЩϤ벻˭
£Ǿһͷӣ㲻ܼһֱڵߣûмղǸͷ
ˣˡԕDϸһû˭
£ʲô
ԕDţǵļңڵ
ԕDˣ䭾Ͱдõø
дǺ¡˲ǲӣдĺɫζȫֻǿд֣ͱݺݵزˡ
д̫ˣҿˡǳԻдԵĶǡ쾡ݱȽСҺŵ˺ζ
Ҫô˵һǳˡ
д̫ˡԕDҾðдԵ±дĺá
ǡ˵ۣҪҪĺ⡣
ԕDһ⻰￩¡֮ǰ޳ĺԵ޿
ɲԾܾ
ð˼ܾ
䭺ܿӳһڵĺ⡣Ǹոð
ζǶԵģǾǲ֪ô
䭵ݸԕDһ˫ӣ۳
ҾͲˡԕDӹӣһⳢ˳
ţ
ζûô⣬Ȼ
ڴؿԕDۣζô
ԕDĺȥ˵ζܺð
ô䭲̫ţΪʧ̫Σûƭ
ûƭ㣬治Ȼζ϶ȲСġʮֵĻСĺ֣ĺֻ߷֡ĺҲóԡ
䭼ԕDûƭǻϲ
һΡôĺ⣬ɹһΡ
ҾǻûаպáԕD˵Ҫĺóԣܹؼٿ»򣬾ܸСһóˡ
ȷܹؼôεĺ⣬˵ۣʱգҪüݽӰǵĸ꾩Ҳİס棬ʱס̫ѧҪǣʱֱȥ̫ѧǡ
ʲôʱ̰
ʮ̡
ģһտðǣ۸ԕDЦЦ˵һᾭȥ̫ѧǣͺóԵġ
ۣ鷳ˡ֮ԶԕD˵Ҫߵ飬ϣԕDܰæտǡԕDݣտǣܵһ۸
ˣҵѣչӦõġԕD⼸Щæûȥ̫ѧǡȹпˣһȥ̫ѧǡ
û˵ʲô
ˣϰǻ˵ǿԸ̫ǩԼͶǮԕDǵĲѧԶдºʫͶ嵽̫֣ǵ׬Ǯ̫ѧкܶѧӶ̫ǩԼͶ壬ҾðҲԡ
ãϰǻҸ˵
ҲͶ尡
䭵û뵽㣬ԕDô˵Щ⶯
Ҳԡ
꾩ǵѧӶϲͶ嵽ֵ̫֣̫ıֽ־Ϸ»ʫΪ١Ϊ̫֣꾩ǵѧǰŨҲȥ༭
Ҵüݻȥԡ䭾ȥ̫֣֪༭ʲôġûպ꾩ʲô񸣻۵Ǹ⡣
ԕDָһ뿪صҲû˭
ʱԼ鷿
һԼԕDڻһЩϡŹֵĶ£⻭ʲô񵶣Щūֺ͹ū̫һ⻭ǼӳĹū𣿡
ǣľ֡
ľ֣ˣ£ľֿɲľǳģͷǼģ㲻Ǽ𣿡
˵ľ֣ƽʱľ֡ԕDľ֣ش˴׼ȷ˵ǻľ֣Ҫúڻ
ڻԾڻô
Ժ֪ˡԕDոջľֵ󣬽Ҫľֵÿṹʳ˾ĹȻľȹūǿǧ򱶡
ԣصԲ˫ۣô𣿡
лҪԕDһ߻һ˵ʱľִʿÿһѻľ֣ôҲǵĶ֣ҪǸ׳Ƴ
ĸ׳Ƴõһ£˵𣿡
ʲôʱƭ㡣ԕḐһ۲ľֲôʳ˾ĹҪƵûܳʱ䡣
£úø˵˵ľ¡漫ˡ
Ȳ㣬ˣۿ
˵ðɡ
ԕDľֵĽṹͼ󣬾ȥϢˡ
˯ǰߵ˭Ȼûͷ
˯УԕDε˭ˡ


53 
дйغաֵ̫ġʳ, 꾩˲Сĺ䶯
д̫ˣ˶ˡ˰е⡣
˵, ϶ƽϰڳԣȨ࣬ⲻó, ƽʱ⡣
ȨȻдĺˣǲ̫ôóԡ
ⲻô, ܶȥûɹ, ʹûɹ, ҲҪƽǳԵóԡ
ȻܶûгɹѺ, Ƿ¥ĳȴɹ⡣
ȥ¥Թ˶ζˡʱ, ǲ֪ƪд²ûпʡ
Ϊⲻ, ¥ĺ⣬˶ܳԵ
һʱ, Ϊ꾩ܻӭһʳ
ֻҪԹˣ޲ڡ
¥Ϊɹ, ֱ֮ǰ˲١
ȨԭԺⲻмһ, Ǽܲס, Ե̬ȳ˳, Ȼһʰ
Ϊ, 꾩ǵùӦļ۸˺ܶࡣ
˵һϲ¡ϰպ̷̻, ׼ʼ
Ȩ꾩򲻵, ȥݸ, øݸϰܵ˶ݡ
ԕD۸Ǻ, һֱûʳ˾˶۸񡣵ļ۸񳬹ʱ򣬾ó͢ƽּ۸
͢ǿӲֶƽּ۸ǲٺ̧ļ۸ļ۸صˮƽǿ϶ҪǰҪһЩ
Ŷ̶̼죬˸ϲȨϵҡһ䣬˳޵ʳҲ˴ٹ˼ҵĲ
ĳָ֣ϰһ룬ϰ˵һ¡ˣϰպܸлд˺աµˡ
дйغ£Ҳ꾩ǣҲʳļ۸ǡ
޿ɲҽлдһƪ£ǿһġǳѼĺ󣬾Ӧȫµ֪ʳҲӦȫ˳Եʳ
ѯѵͬ⣬д˺ƪ¡ǲҾӹҲҽܴҵл⡣ǵѣ߸ߴҡҪлллǵѣҪллǡ
£ŪģΪʲôߴң̫ӵĻᡣϰ֪ѺŪģһŷ㡣
ð֪ҵݣ
£ݣ֪ġΪ֪̫ݣϰ̫Ūĺ⣬δ̫ˡ㲻һӰ
ԕD֪˼ҲΪãûҪ
ڻСҪʲô
£֮ǰ˵ҪôڷҪˣκ飬ŪĿɲһ츣յĴŵ˵Ǵһ
ǺҪҲôҪԕDζ˵
£ʲô˼
㿴ǸͣǶ˵ǡԕDбʣ˫ֽ°ͣߣһʼû빫ǰд˺£ŻúǵĹ͡
ǣŪİ
ŪģǲúԕD˵ʲôִĻˣ֪ΪҺãǺ˵С¡
£⻹С°ʲôǴ°
˵ߡԕDֳЦ˵Ȼʳ˾Ҫʱ츣ա
£㵽ʱ򲻻ֲߴҰɡ
⵹ᣬŪһȫ˵֪ġ⣬߸˵˵Ҳ˵ԵӣҲȫµ֪Ūġ
⵹Ŷʱˡ˵꣬ԕDֽϻˮǺƽʱˮ̫һʵ£⻭ʲô
ˮԕDָָֽϵˮ
ƽ￴ˮ̫һ
ǲһ¸ĽԕDˮǺģʱڵˮŪˮţ¿
һԾˮţ¿
صʱ򣬿ţ磬ΪʲôˮУԕDëʣ׼ϸذˮĽṹţˮ¿ˮʱ°빦
£ôģԽԽԕDÿԕDĶδδŵġ
ԕDһڣġ
ˣһ˵ô˼Ķ²㡣游Ƕ˵̫ӵţ˵һ㶼û£ǸšҲֻŲεôණ
ҲǡֻǱȱ˶һ֪Ķȱ˶һЩˡ
֪̫ӵ²ϲ˵ţͲ˵ˡ
ԕDˮṹͼһ룬ͻȻ뵽һ飬˵Ҳ֪ûˮ⣿ʵûˮˮ
£˵ʲô
û˵ʲôԕḐһ۲ϰˡ
ɫ£ԹԵ˵ǣ¡
ʱǰԕDˮĽṹͼˣҹԪ͵ïʵ
ԕDˮṹͼķǳϸïʵһ۾ܿסʮ𾪡
Ԫɼïʵһŵı飬¶ʱЩæʵôˣǲʲôԵĵط
ïʵĵһƽԼ飬Ԫ΢΢Цû£ת̫ӵ£һô¡
ǾˣС˸ˡ
Ԫ뿪ïʵڸſڣһ˻ʳ˾
ʳ˾ĹïʵûˮͼǾĿɿڴһľʵ̫ӵ»𣿡
ïʵͷǡ
ʳ˾ĹȻˡÿûͼֽһһˡ
˵̫ӵôЩģÿ̫ӵ»Ķδżδģǰ̫ӵ»ͼֽȴַǳľˡ
ïʵʵһ㶣Ц̫ӵš
޳ɵص˵ͷ̫ӵµȷšѾ̫ӵµ뷨𾪵ľˡ̫ӵԺʲôô˲˼ĶǶٳԾˡ
̫ӵҪ˺𣿡ïʵʵ
ʵ飬ĿǰЧվø̫ӵ¡
̫ӵ˵Ҫǰ͡ïʵԵǿɲҪ̫ӵʧ
ģһ᲻̫ӵʧ
ïʵֶ˼䣬Żص
ïʵ̧ͷһֱҹеʵڿʲô
ïʵջĿ⣬ЦǴһ̫ӡ
⻰΢΢㶡ȻΪʲôͻȻô˵˵Ķԡ
ǰǴһ̫ӡ
ïʵо仰û˵̫ӵ»Ǵεĸǡ
գ˳ȥ̵ԕD顣
ʱԕDڸĲ˵سݡ
ԽԽůͣ˵ĲҲԽԽãȻҲԽԽࡣ
̫ӵ¡
𡣡ԕDЦЦһϾŪˡ
ԺﶼֲˣҳöܺáʱգԕDǳԵ߲˶Լֵġ
̫ӵ£ɡ
ˣϾͺáԕDͲӿеĶûһͰѲ˵Ĳݰˡ
̫ӵ£ֵĲֵá̫ӵֵĲ˱ֵĺãЩˡ
ԕDЦٺٺ٣˵ֲ츳
̫ӵ·ǳֽ˵ֲ츳οǸˡ
ȣͲԶˡ
ֲֵĲð
ûֵĺá˵ţ¶һĨɫ˲ٲˡ
ǿ϶ˮˣеĲ粻ཽܶˮԕDͷͷǵظ˵ֲ˵ŵʲôʺ϶ཽˮʲô˲ʺ϶ཽˮ
ķǳ棬ͬʱʮֳԾû뵽̫ӵ¶ֲôó
л̫ӵµĽ̵ܽˡ
ɱСֲˣֲҲкܶѧʵġԕDЦ˵ֵһ˵ֵأԕD뵽վǴҪŴȥã㻹ǲҪȥˡ
£Ǵ£ܲȥǳ࣬ߣû¡
û²Ź֣ȲֱˡԕDҲ֪ⲻȰ˵Ͼ࣬ǰٹ֮ףҪǲȥ˵ȥˡ
£ӻͦʵġ˵꣬ԕDмлµĹġ
ԕDû˵£ȥ鷿Ǽϡӡ
ʱĿγ̽
ԕDŲȥ
݋ݣһȥ
У̫Сˡܻʺٴؾܾ˵ůˣǵˮǺܱģᶳġ
݋ݣûô
нܻʺԕDЦЦ㳤ˣÿ궼һʱ
ҲԕD̫ӵ£㻹СʱڱĵᶳġҪǲˣǶᵣĵģ㻹ǲҪȥˡ
һصͷһȰ˵ԕDDDǰô
ԕDܻʺֲӦҲֻˡ
аɣԺǻ
ȹ꣬㳤ЩʱҪȥܻʺЦǸʱ벻ȥɡ
݋ݣҲȥȥɣ
ĴһŶܻʺϷʵŶӣĴ̫ѧѧҲȥŶȷҪȥ
ԕDһȣ̫ѧѧҲҪȥ
ǰ̫ѧܽģټӦˡܽڣʵ̫ѧУ֮ǰ̫ѧѧ˽ô̫ѧѧֵôܽھ͸ټ̫ѧѧһȥϰǿѧǶũҲǳġ
ܽڵͦµġԕDû뵽ѧǸŴһȥķǳá
ټҲúãԲŻӦʡ
е̫ѧѧӶȥ𣿡
ԣȥ
Ȼÿ궼̫ѧѧӲμӴ
㻹ȥ𣿡ܻʺЦŶӡ
ڣҾͲȥˡԕDȥڲ֪ʵݡ˵ȥֲȥҲûá
ǲǵ֪ݣܻʺЦ˵ݣ֪ġ
ڻ֪ԕDǵ֪ʵݺ󣬻ԶϲѹϵʱƻιϵʱˣһԸǡ
ôϧ֮Ĺϵܻʺû˵ʲôˡ
Űɡ
СҪԵЫӣ𣿡
ˣζܲ
̫ˡԕD
ڳķǳ츳ԕD˵Ĳˣ϶
̫ӵ£ôó𣿡һŵʵ
ԕDĴָóԣǳóԡ
ܸ͵ص˵ͷ̫óˡ̫ӵ²ţŪԵķҲš
С˷š
ݱķǳˣ£ϲԾͺá
ÿԕDԵĲˣݶǳģҷǳгɾ͸С
ţԕDܻʺһȥ˸밲
ں鴺顣ҪĴ󳼺̫ѧѧȥɲһ򵥵飬ȰźһСȻҪǳʲôӣһԴҲ
֪飬ԕDȻضˡÿпΣŷѧϰʫ
Ͽ֮ǰ˯һʱľȻϿλ
δʱĿ̣ŷ׼ʱ
ŷϲ˵µķʽ⡶ʫԕDöͬʱԕDϲϡʫ
ÿ磬ŷ޻̵ԕDһʱġʫ
ŷ޸ջ꾩ûãټְÿ²٣ֻܽԕDһʱ
̫ӵ£ʲôĵط𣿡
ԕDҡҡͷ˵ûУ㽲ĺܺö
ŷ޵ϣ̫ӵûܸ̫ӵ¶˵һ
֪æϿԺæ°ɡǣŷ޸֣١Ȼǻһʱ䣬ŷǵҪæΪ׼
£ˡŷ޵ȷæʱգҪٸǵĿ⡣
עϢ
̫ӵ¹ĵĻŷͷһůлµĹģһעϢġ
˶ˡԕD뵽һ飬ҪʮǵĿ
£ҪȥǵĿʲô
͸ѣǹҪμǡԕD޲̫ѧѧ̫ã˼꣬ӦûμǿԡҵѺвŻʱܸʶǵʷϣŷ޶޺ǿء
ðŷϲвŻˣ£գѹȥǵĿҸ
лл
ˣȸˡ
ԕDŷ޻˻֣ߡ
ŷ뿪ԕDǰѵĸˣϽԪ˹ȥ
ŷûԶԪɺܿ׷ȥ
̫ǵ͸ĵġŷڵĹְǺѧʿо̫̫
ŷ޽ӹʳУԪ˵лл̫ӵ¡
ǣ̫ߡ
ȻԕDڲٽŷޡޡǺŷ޵Ĺϵû˱롣ǸǰһԴŷޡ
ŷ꡶ʫԕDȥķϰ
еĽʹԕDѵʽ󣬲˲٣Ҳ˺ܶࡣ
ԕDڵĽ⣬ΪϿҪġꡱ
ڽķϰԕDȥڣ˳һš
ŵʱϸظԕD˵˵飬ϾԺҪԕD֡
ԕD÷ǳ档пû뵽ô鷳Ҫء磬ҪѡƵա֮ǰڻҪأ챣ӽ˳ӽʳա
պǸգҪԕDʹȥ
ȻԕDμӽĴΪ̫ӣ
ڼػһ£ԕDѾϰΪˣķǳ
պ컹ûԕDͱ𴲣Ȼϻ̫ӵĳȥ
ڸԕDһţǰȥء
ȻԕDŹһ˵ڼصʱϵ챣ӽ˳
أھʹŲܻʺ󣬻дǰ꾩ĵ
̫ѧѧǵĴ£غڹſڡ
ǳˣ̫ѧѧǾ͸ڴǵ
ԕDվڹſڵĳǽϣǺƺƵһȺ˳
£Ҫ͵͵ȥܺ棬һȥ
ˣ˲áԕDԹٵٶߣȵ磬ǲߵ䡣죬ǶڳıԺعҵڹ￴ҡ
ΪҪھػع̫ʱ䣬̫ڣԾסڳĻʼұԺ
ʼұԺȻûлʹ󣬵ҲСװĴ󳼺̫ѧѧǡ
һʼİԕDڹԕDԸȥʼұԺҲֻڹݻڹչ˺ԕD
£û˽Ƕ飬ǳ𣿡
ھͳ
£ող˵Ҫڹ￴𣿡ôҪأ
˵ĿϻҡԕDбһ۲Ҫǲڹ
ˣ£Ҫһ˵꣬ԕDȵЦЦ£ǳȥﰡزܼ𣿡
ܼҲû˰ܼҲһȥ꾩⣬Ͼػʼ˵ְ𡣡ȥܼʲô
ҲŶ游Ҳȥ˳⡣Ҫ͹ټǣԶڼȥﰡ
ԕDתתһЦȥȺ󡣡
⻰ŵýŰ£˹ԵǰҺԕDʱסúʹܽӴ
ú·
վӺһֵԕD£ո˵ȥĶ
Ⱥ󰡡ԕDǳƵᣬҪȥǷ¥Ů֧Ժ
ǲĻ£Ҫȥ
ԕD־סĶ䣬˵ССͣô䲻ʹ˰
̫ӵ¾˶䣬ŻعץסԕD֣㵵ʵ£֪Ⱥʲôط𣿡
ҵȻ֪¥
Ȼ֪¥㻹Ҫȥ˵꣬ԕDĶͷֲ̣¾֣£ûȣô˵ⷬ
ԕḐִ֣ݺݵصһۣҲûջӡ
£Ȼûȣô˵ȥȺĻ
ԕD˫ֱأбŲ㲻ȥ
ҡͷȥ
ԕDֵ²ĶͷȻ㲻ȥڹɡ
¡æסԕD֣£ҪȥȺ󰡣
İԕDһ˵ȥȺߡ
ߣ󣬡˭
ǰʱգڽǸͷ
ĸͷˡ
Ǹͷֽ
һͷˮ˭
д塷ˡԕD˵꣬벻ֻ˵ȥ꣬Ӧþ裬ǧַ飬˵
ʣһȻ˵ⲻǰʱչĴô
״ʣͷ״ʵߡԕD˵סȺȥ
ǣ£ȥʲôʲôϵ£㲻ȥȺ󰡡Ҫùù֪ȥȺǶˡ
㲻˵Ҳ˵Խ˵݋ݾͲ֪ȥȺ󡣡ԕDԲζЦЦͲȺ󣿡Ǻģȥ
˵ʵǺġ
£㲻ȥ
ȥߣֲȥʲôʲôԕDٸϻҪǲȥ͸ڹ
ȥҪǷ̫ӵһȥȺ󣬹ùҪ֪ˣһġ
Խ˵ԕDҪȥȺ󣬸һӦ˵̫ӵȥȺˣûٴС֡
ԕDǳ˹ûмȥȺ󣬶ȥ̫֡û뵽յ̫־Ҫҵˡ
߽ûкȾƣͷģ·Ҳģ˿мɷǵζ
̫ͶġҲ̫ǩԼߡ
ȻѧǿΪдʫyinʫǲɷвŻߣÿһʫʶyinʫ
ס塷ͱֿ̫ڡѧϡ
һʼм̫Ͷ塣ֵ̫˸ЩѧһǵǰдĴʶֿ̫ˣŷֲ̫ظȺĹǵĹ£̫Ͷ壬û뵽һͶУΪֵ̫ǩԼߡ
ͶʫʣͶдĻǷܻӭĺܲ
ÿ¿ѶȺúõط£ÿµĸѲµ׾ˡʹûǮȺĹҲߡ
ܻдŮ֮鰮ʫʣȺĹǾϲʫʡÿдʫʣͻᱻȺĹǴ
ԕD׼סææشǰ뿪
˿⸱Ｑģ֪ǼŻȺȻȺĹǷ
ԕDƹģͶʲôӡ
ƹİոݸԕDĿԕDһۣȻд鰮дġô˵أֺ¶|ǡ
ſۣ;岻ʲô壬ԕDг壬Ȼݻƹġ
㲻ܿ顣
û뵽߻д鰮
д鰮ܻӭһֱĺܺáƹ˵ȻƷЩǲŻеġ
ȻдĻˡ
Щ˱Ϸǳ࣬˽¾ϲֲĻԕḐص²ļ򣬱ζ˵Ҫ֪ϵòȻ˺ܶࡣЩߵѧӣ֪˽жϲд鰮
ƲƲ죬˵Ȼα˵꣬æʵҪȥ
ƹ⻰ʵҪߣ
ԕDͷԡ
֪ҪС˸ովס
޷ҴȥȺ
ƹıŵˣ򲻿ɰȥߣҲûռ㰡
ΪΣ
ƹסˣһʱ䲻֪ôشô˵õѣͻȺȥ϶
ԕD˲ƹ˼ȻЩˡ
аɣ¸Ͷʱס
ǡ
ԕDȥȺﳤһ
ƹԕD㱨⼸յϢЩС£ʲô¡
꾩ûʲô£ǽǱ¡
£ʲô飿
ԽڣǱֻ˼ꡣƹɫص˵ڣǱӦ࣬ǽǱȴûô꣬˵ֲ֣
ûꣿƹ˵·ǽļڡʱһ¾Ǻü죬һҲ֡
ûô£ǱΪû꣬ΪֹûдƹһɫǱٲ꣬Ҫɺ֣û˵
Ǳһֱ꣬пܻɺԕDƹĲ˵Ļ˵˳ҪǸɺǾˡ֮磬εһʳԽϡ꽭ϸɺǾпּܳġ
Ǳߵϰնˣǹٸȴûȥϱƹļ˵Ǳĸɺˣпܻ֡
ýǱߵļ߶㣬ÿͻ㱨Ϣֵ̫ļߣ鲼꾩ĸ䣬Ҳֲˡ飬һ˵õԸǱ߹Ա÷ɺ׼
ƹ̾ϣǰ׵ˡ
ͳ꾩жֻѼ졣ԕDĽǱΪɺ֣ǰӦԵ׼뵽ϱӿһţڹֵֻ֣÷ǳأʮֻѼȥ˸ڹңؽ˸ڹҵĻ֣Ҳֹ˸ڹҵĻӵġýǱߵļҲͳƽϵļѼ졣
ɻʵͳƼѼʲô
Ը֡Ǳķ˻֣ԕD׼ͼֻʮֻѼȥ


54 
꾩, ںͲܻʺĴǣ̫ѧѧǲ
ںͲܻʺĶǳҷǳ׼, Ͼÿ괺
Щ󳼲Ĳ, ںͲܻʺذѵһ٣Ǻúõز塣
ĺòùغճ, һ㶼
̫ѧѧвǲмũ, Ƕˣô, ǵǼ߸ϵĹټҺͻʺﴩ鲼·||زĿ˱仯
ֵûڼ¹, Ҳûֹˡ, Դ̫ѧ, ǾͿʼѧϰֲֵˡ
̫ѧֲֵ˵ʱ, ǷƽʱԵĲȻôࡣ, ǳ򵥡
Ȼũ˵࣬ǲû֪ж, Դֲֵ˺, ᵽ
ԭΪֲֵѾ, û뵽ࡣ
һ߷ǳز, һСţ, ᵽũˡ
ֻеһС֡|һ, Щܲ, վ˴Լ, Ȳ磬ũǻҪݡ档Ҫˮ类ȵ죬ҪӡȸãҪӣǳࡣ
޸̾ũ̫ˡ
ǰ̫ˡ̫̾ӵΪʲôҪֵأΪũͲס
̫ӵ²ôô˽ũĲףѹʵô̫ӵû
˵̫ӵڶһأ˲ٲˡҲͬ˵ģ̫ӵݸ߹ȴеֵأΪ˾Ǹ˽ũĲףԺܸõΪ¡
磬ǰö鿼ƾΪ˹ҫ棬Ϊ٣ûа츣շλ˵޺ΪǶμӿƾ٣ӦΪ˳͢ЧΪ츣
ܵⷬɫǳοޣô̫ˡ˵꣬ĵ̾˿ǰ뷨һ̫ѧҲǶӦΪ˰ա
磬ԺҪõĶ飬õ˽ԺˣܸõΪ¡
صͷ˵û
磬˵̫ӵΪʲôû޶̫ӵ·ǳ棬һϻ۵̫ӵ¡
˵Ӧ̫ӵ̫СˣԹټҺͻʺûдɡ
ǿϧûм̫ӵ¡޸п̫ӵ²֪յĲףЩѧѧϰ˽̫ӵСС;Ļգǡ̫ӵȣ̫ˡ
ڻüЦǽһĻգİյĹټңǵĸ
޵ͷ˵磬һҪŬض顣
š
磬꾩̫ѧǶԵģ޷ǳǵ꾩̫ѧ
˸һֱȰǿ̫ѧ
磬ǲܼҵĺӣôû
̫Сˡ
˵۸̫ӵһǱֵܣһ̫ӵ¡˵һ˫۶ʱþ
Ȼ˵ۻ̫ӵµİԵûи֪ݣǾ͵ʲô֪ɡ
磬Ϊʲôݰ
ǵ֪ݣͻԶɡվֱӣִ˴Լ
ʱʱ˺ܶࡣĴ󳼣Ͷǳ󣬳ʱ|۵Щܲˣֻվһ
ںͲܻʺûϢҲϢ
嵽ʱŽǻصԺѾˡ
Ȼֻǲ˰ǶƽﲻôɻĴ˵̫ˡڻصԺϢ
ںͲܻʺҲǳۣصԺ͸ţûкʹһš
ܻʺԡ꣬ͼһֻŸ˽
̫ӵµš˵꣬ʹŸĽȡŵݸܻʺ
ԕDʲܻʺղô۲ۣ
ܻʺţԕDڹʵ㣬Ҫܡ
ԕDոš
ܻʺڹԕDȥݵĹš
ݺ͸һͻضˡ
ԕDһضĴ飬ʵ£ʲô飿
ûԤɺ顣ִɺ˹ꡣǣŴɺʲôء
£˵Ǳ߹ʱվˡ
㼪԰ԕD΢΢šüͷ˵Ǳ߲ûˮⰡ
ˮ⣬ʲô
ˮأȵɺʱ򣬿ԷˮˮũԕDһ飬ôģǱ߳ٳûвûˮ⡣
£Ǳһˮ棬Բûˮذɡ׳ָɺԺܶطˮء
˭ܱ֤ˮ档úõظ˵ϵ飬õּڽڽˮ⡣ԽˮĵطԽҪ޽ˮ⣬Էһ
˵ǡ
ϣҶൣˡ
ο£͹ټҼΪǱһûµġ
ԕDͷû˵ʲô
ĳָɺ㹻ʳҲ¡⼸꣬Ǳһֱ˳ģʳÿ궼աĳָɺӦ㹻ʳְɡÿ͸ĲʳҲ֪û
뵽ʳԕDȻ뵽ס׺֣ҲܴڴȫƹֲͲõֺּġϧʱĳ˻ûзָױǴ½û״
ԴڵҲûɴȥѰ޴½Ժոʮݺ⻹ǮЧִȻȥѰ޴½
ԕDһüһչüģΪڵĽǱߵֿڰοһ
ԕDˣҲý͡
ո룬ʱŪİ취ʳĲ
Խʱүô͸һָϵͳ߿Ƽϵͳһʳϵͳˣڴֲֲߵʳϧүûиָ
ûЩʳֻˮ취ˡˮΪԬүүߡϧγûԬүү
֮ǰ݋˵ڽϺϷֲˮǵúˮֲˮֻǱֲˮŪֲ̫ܡ
ˮûкĿƼû߲Ҫˮ¹򣬿ǲˡ
ȻˮûٽһǾֻʩ취ˡ룬ôѺķϸŪȵȣĻʵҪɷǿʣ˵סصȡЩںܳγǡûз֡
ѺĻʸҲ̫ܡ
׸㲻ҲŪԕDܵ˴ſϣԹ̾˿
£ô̾
ԕD°͵ϣһϹȥ
Ȼʲôˡ˴ԽϵͳΪʲôûа
ˣ£ʲô
˵̫ˡԕDſϣԷǰ鴵һֽϲ¶һĨĵЦݡ
δ֪˶࣬Ҳı䲻ʲô
ˣҲ޼¡
£㻹С϶кܶˡ㳤ˣܶ顣ԕDЩüæο
Щ鲻ǳҲġԕD˵꣬Ȼ뵽ˣǿ԰Ū
£Ҫʲô飬Ҳ˰ڲԕDʲô鶼
ҾÿԡԕDֱӣָ˾񣬡һСҪѧϰ˵꣬Ϳ
ԕDָֻҲû˵ʲô
ʱԪһֻŸ˽£ʺˡ
ҿԕDԪӹţһܻʺʵ㣬ƲƲ죬ʲôʱʵˡ
£컹ҪȥȺ󡣡ز̨
ԕDһ鳯˹ȥҪǸ݋˵飬Ĳ㡣
æģ£ұ֤˵
Ҳ֪ô
϶ˡȻûֹء֮ǰֵأ۵ðο
ȹգǾȥ̫ѧǡ
ðҲ̫ѧ棬ȥ
݋ӦҲ۵ˡԕDԭдţ´ŲܻʺϢͷˡ
ʱԕD׼ʱȥϢ
գԕDø飬˯ʱѡ
Ͱˣ³ġ
һֱڶĳţԕDֱӳԡ
ţлʳ˾Ĺ
ïʵȥˡǰú󣬵һʱȥ̫ӵ¡
ԕDҪˣȲڶԺʵһûбڹĵأڴڵϣվڴߡ
ߵĺԕDҪ̫߾Ͳ
վһԿԕDԡ
ԕDߵһԣò߸ء
֮ǰԹõߣʹ˺ôûа΢õ̫ܰˡ
£ߺÿ찡֮ǰߺ̫ࡣ
ţҪ֮ǰʡܶ࣬ﵽҪĽԕD߲Ǻ˽⡣ϱӣżңӵߣȻͰ˻ʳ˾Ĳ
̫ӵ¿ޣʳ˾Ĺǳˣⶼ˵ĸȻСҲôõ
һҲҪԕDĵؿ佱治Һ⡣
£ͺá
߷ãԺũֵؾͻܶࡣԕDһ˵ظĺãׯڲֵĺãˡ
£ֻǰָʾҾӹ
˵ййԕDԻʳ˾Ĺ·ǳ⣬ҲҪǣҪõǡ
ʳ˾ĹＤϲȴû¶£СǸġ
Իʳ˾Ĺ˵˵ǣ㻹Ͽл
ʳ˾ĹϽлл̫ӵ¡
ɡԕDЦ˵ǸϽһ߳
ǣ¡
ˣľнչ𣿡
ʳ˾Ĺ¶£Сǻû
ԕDͲµľֲڻأǸ˱ôˣ
յ˵һӱȻˡ
ԕDصͷǾͺá
ǵӢôû뵽Ӵ̫ӵ´ûдﵽҪըһɽЧ
ҪըһɽҪᴿĿǰǡʯľ̿ӦᴿЧ
ᴿ
ᾫԽԽáǿ԰ǡʯľ̿ᴿһ£ʱԺڻ
ʳ˾ĹԕD˼ǣ¡
ڻΣգǧҪСġԕDҪΪ˺ڻʧȥ
ԕDô˵ʳ˾Ĺ΢΢ĵӿһͷɬ֪Ϊʲô˫Щ졣
ǣ£Сһעġ
ԕD΢΢ףסǵİȫҪ
ǡʳ˾Ĺû뵽̫ӵ»ôЩ˵İΣ
ԕDһЩ飬ûʳ˾Ĺȥ
ߣȥء
£ȥ簡
ȥ֣кܶյء
߰ɡ
ԕDԪߣǣŴڣŲǰ֡
ʱգ꾩һֱû꣬µطǳӲڵĻ̫ڣ˵硣
Ҫ֮ǰڶЩǺѵز
ԕDЧǳ⣬Ŵһ
һԕDͲˣ˺ڵϣűĵأЦķǳġ
ôӲŪ̫ˡ֮ǰڣ˺ôһСǣŪزҪ̫ܰ
絶ܷ絶й̶ã˷ŵʱͲ̫ǰߣҪķţȻ߾׵¡ϧеˡ
£ʲôˣ
ڴǰµŪũǸؾͻʡºܶ࣬ҲǰĺáũѾˣʱءظĺãʳճɾͻһЩ
⵹Ŷ£šʮ·ݵʱǻҪôʱǻҪôŪ߾óˡ
ҲǡԕDվƨɣˣȥˡ
£ʲô
ȥķ
𣿡
Ҳûʲô棬ԕDȻ뵽һ飬ǰһ˵ôǲڣԽϰū
ҲҪū
ϰūֻܳôǲ͵͵ϰǱ΢
գԕDڶϰΣȥķԽһϰū
պ磬ںͲܻʺǻص˹С
һعԕDȰѽǱû˵ˡ
ڵ֪ǱпܻɺȻʮֵǣæּûʳ˾ȥϲ鿴
˵꽭Ǳߵ飬ԕDͰŪøڿ
ڲۣԕDŪߡ߲ãǳȣʮּϲ
ԕDŪ֮ǰûи˵ΪľǸһϲ
ڷǳϲ͸ϲ˵յõԕD߽ʲô֣ԕDûȡֱӸȡΪ̫硱
ڿŪôõӦȫµ֪ȻҲҪú֪
ּù조̫硱ȻѷŸա
ͻʳ˾Ķǳ죬ûվһ̫硱Ȼڳ͢İ£Ÿϰա
ϰһʼԡ̫硱ɵ̬ȣò̫ãǵ˺ַǳáǶԡ̫硱޲ڣҲԕD̫ӳ޲ѣ˵̫ӵǵĸǡ
Ϊ̫硱һ£ԕD̫һӱ÷ǳá
Լһӱɡˡ飬ԕDûʲôӦ
̫ӵ¶Լϰϲ羴һ²ôȸԾºɻ
̫ӵ£̫硿ϰպǸм꾩ǵϰնڿ
ԕDԣӦƽʲôÿ޵ġ
ġ̫硿츣˰գȻҪʵ£˱佱
ⲻӦôԕDüͷ˵Ϊ̫ӣ츣ղȻôɿȿȿȣװʮ˵̫硱ȷΪϰգΪ˲ȡ
仰˵סˣ˰ŻعɫǳοؿԕD£˵ĶԣΪ̫ӣ츣ϰӦõġ
ԕDʼ磬˵˵ûʲôÿ佱ġ
˵Ķԡ̫ӵ±ǳޣûʲôؽǲٴ󳼲
˵󳼵ģһˣһ飬кܺõǳˡߣǶҪ׵̫ӵȴֻǾ顣
£Ǽɡ룬ʱʱΪ˺£϶Ҫ֪ӵк̫ӵ⡣ʹˣͿһУȻҲʲô
á
ʱĿγ̽ԕD󣬾ʹŲȥš
ݼԕDˣ˵ġ̫硱һ¡ݵĸסڹ⣬˵꾩ϰտԕDһ¡
ȻԕDݵӣһֱԕD缺ԕDϰճ̣ǳԺ
DDҶڿ㣬˵ʲô·
ԕDˣ·ôһ£һߣôɳ˹ϵ
DDСʱһθأôǸʱ˵ôЦӯӯ˵Ȼôõߣ꾩ǵϰվ˵·
ԕDⶼǺüǰ飬û뵽꾩ǵϰջǵģһһ³һΪ·湻ḻġ
Ǽ˵꾩ϰն˵һ̫ӡ
ԕD㶵˵Ŷ
DDϰնڿ㣬ôİҪǳĵ˯ž
㣬㲻ҿôҾͲٿˡ
ԕD⻰£𣿡
ҾҸ飬ûʲôø˵ġϰǻǿɰǺãǾͻ졣
ԕD˼һɻʵDDʲô飿
˵ԕDε̾˿ûٸ˵顣
݋ݣҶӶˣŰɡ
ãš
ŵʱݺ͸˵顣
ˣ̫ӵ£кܶʫʿ佱㡣
ڳԷԕD⻰Ǻסˣҵؿȿȿȿȿȡ
ܻʺæĶӵĺ󱳣ԡ
һԕDڻˣһСȵͨ죬ţʲôдʫʿң
ԡ£ĸʫ˵ԕD
ԕD˺󣬾÷ǳ߳ܣһСˡ
DD˲𰡡
ԕD˸ߣĲ˿Ƥ񣬱ôҲ᲻˼ġ
ܻʺӺˣǲҪ˵ˡ
Űɡ
ݼԕD˼ˣЦû뵽̫ӵôߡ
ãš
ţԕDͱȥˡ
ڵݸԕDһֽ
ʲôԕDɻ󣬴нӹֽͷһǼʫϸؿ˿⼸ʫʶڿŪߡ⡭
²⼸ʫ˭дģ
ԕDϸؿ˿⼸ʫʵķϤǵһʫ
˾ˣŷдģ
ԕDŷ޵ʫʷǳϤʷתһ״ʣһŷдġ
ԣŷдģдô
дķǳáԕDǳ͹۵һ㵵ʵΪʲôҪдʿҰ
Ӧÿ䰡ӱ佱⼫ˡ˭дˡ
ԕDϸؿ˿Ҳдˣ岩ӼҲдˡ
Сǵʫʺ£ԕDǼ˵ʫʻ·ǱȽ˽ġ
òּдʫʿҰɣӣ߳ܵ
ӻڣ̧ԕDСԴ˵ôԼдġ
ԕDˣڵܸӡŷĴʫʼдһʫʿ÷ǳң־ò˼
츣ϰգҪ㡣ЦǶڿ㡣⼸գڵǳãΪһֱڿԕD
ҹΪҿдҵʫʰ
԰߲ˣ
ǸˣͦΪġԕD˿˵ֻҸ飬ûҪҡ
Ŷˣû˵̫硱飬תƻ˵Ǳߵ顣
Ǳٲֹ꣬ܲۡ
ᵽǱߵ飬ԕDɫһ˲Ҫô죿
ѾּýǱúˮĹȵ
úˮ᲻ΣգԕDúˮ̵ֺʱˡ
һСǲΣյġڽüͷ˵úˮǱ߾ûˡ
㻹ּýǱ߶һЩˮɣԺֱӷˮˮũ
ڵͷ˵ǱҪһЩˮ⡣ڱԕDҲ˵ˮ⡱
ǱĸɺˣʳǱ߳𣿡
⼸꣬ǱߵʳճɲӦù˵ţ¶ǣҵǽǱ߻ֻ֡
ӦԻ֣һ⡣
ʲô⣿
üѼԻȳ桭ԕDϸظڽôüѼӦԻ֡
һһ㶵ģDD취𣿡
аҪڻȳ治ǺܶʱãȳҪǶ˾ûʲôˡҪڻֻûγʱãȻִģϮǸʱĻȳжѼǲԵġȵǱ߷ֻȳ棬ϼѼ졣
ãýǱעЩ˵DDʱգһȥΪǱѾָɺͷȥ·Ϊꡣ
ðԕDӦķǳˬ죬ʲôʱȥ
˾ѡգȥʮ졣
ʮ죿ԕDһ죬Ҫô𣿡Ϊȥոˣû뵽Ҫ·ʮ졣
ʮ첢ãȥ𣿡
Ҹȥ´ʮ죬˵¡
ڰѶӱӵС˵ǵĺöӡ
Ҫ;硣
ڰïʵ˽˾˽
ûһ˾˾͹ˡ
ټңһգ˼
ãȥ
´պҪ̫ӵһǰΪһµּ⡣
ǵ֪ǸҪȥΪȻʮ֧֣Ҫһȥ


55 
ȥ֮ǰ, ԕDȥһ̫ѧֵܡ
ȥһȥʮ죬ֵ壬û꾩
ʱ, ԕDͲǰ̫ѧţϡ
ԕDԱ, ڷʳУװ˸ֺóԵġ
ǰʱ, 뿪꾩üݽӡߺ, ֵͰȥ̫ѧס
̫ѧкܶصѧӣǾס̫ѧѧ̫ѧѧкܶ࣬ҶǶŶԺġ
ÿѧ, ѧһ䡣ÿǳ鷿һķ䡣
ΪȽס̫ѧѧ, סСԺֻ, һסһ䡣
ֵһסУ, Щϰ, Ǻ໥顣
˿ֵ̣ѧϿΡ
ԕDŲ̫ѧ
̫ѧĴſ, һǽȥġԕDǲһ, Բܼ˵ݽȥˡ
ԕDͲǾ͸԰һ, ߱Ĵš
̫ѧĻǳ, ˺ܶӣ˺ܶ໨ݡ
ʻʢļڣ̫ѧĻݲݶ, ʮƯ
ѧ, ѧﴫһ
ʧͨһȦ, ̫ѧû֮
ȷͨԕDջغĿ⣬ǲôĵĻʺϾi顣
ĸѧðôѧãĸѧð
ǻϿΣǹǡԕD˫ֱڱ󣬡Ⱥúõعһ̫ѧ
ðɡ
ԕDͲߣ㿴žͿһƬ˵أ˵˲ٲˡ
߽һÿ˵ضСդΧţ滹һӡдšӡҳ󡱡
סҡӦǰ༶֡
ӡӦ͵֡
ûֵĺáذѧֵĲ˸ˣ˵ӰֵĲ̫СˣҳĲֵϡϡֵĲġ̫ѧѧֲ˲а
ĻУɾԕD˵꣬΢΢°ͣһ˵ȻֵĲá
ǳԵõ˵ǡ
ߣ䡣
һֿһ˵ء
˵ֵҪ֮ǰǿ˵ֵĺã˳ĺܺá
ǰǿֵʲô𣿡
ԕD˹ȥϸؿ˿ӡ·ݣ˿ֲˮֲӡ糤Ĳ
û뵽̫ѧﻹӰ
ڵͺãӷҪˮԕDص˵ͷ̫ѧ᳹Ĳ
ʲô᳹Ĳ
ѧֵءԕDЦûз£ܲ
˵̫ѧֵأ̫ѧʮӣҲҲҲҷ¡
ϣǲΪӦҶֵءԕDվеϣֵصĿġ
ЩѧⲻһƬģҲûˡ
ҲǡҪĳʵµģһȺֻҧĽֵˡߣ
˭
ǰһ˿ǲܼˣ̫ѧι۵ġ
ܼȨ˼ңݵ壬Ǽ塣
ó壬ǲܼҵļһ÷һܡ֡
һԕDǲܼˣ˸񣺡ܹӣ̫ѧι̫ѧ𣿡
ͷ˵㣬
һܼҪ̫ѧ飬ʮּɫɱ
ܹӣҪǲĻ´ǹ̫ѧɡ̫ѧкܶٻ¼ҵĺӣǶȨҵĺӲûС
ѧӼԴҪ̫ѧǶڶȨ˼˵ǲϡ̫ѧ顣
ȨǮõԲҪѺ͵̫ѧ
лˣǲҪǿԼ䡣
ǲܹӣǼ䡣ʲôҪĵط¡ָָԶǳضԲ˵¾
˸񣺡л
˻һ񣺡ܹӣ㡣
˵ͷˡ
ĿͲ뿪󣬾ͼææȥܽڣܼ̫ܽѧιһ¡
ԽϷʵؿ٩ܹӣոպ簡
°ͣһƨ˵ܼ˵ʱͦõġ
ԕDȤոװĻģİƽʱԕDǰûûƤǸոǰȴڳһӵģܻͦ˵ġ
ʲôװģ˵ҾǲܼˣҪװʲô
ҵ˼㻹ܻͦ˵İ
ô⻰ڿҰ
ԕDЦЦҡҡͷû˵ʲô
ԕD̫ѧ
˲֪һƬ֣Ȼһ洫
Ÿ߽࣬ѩɽʥѩ
ԕD˲ɵͣסŲרעһ
ֻһԕD˸оǵʥѩϴһ㡣
ˣԕDŻعδ
Ҫȥ𣿡
ȥˣŵ˾ͲˡԕD˵ˡ
ֹһͻȻһ
Ӧ¿ϢˡԕḐ²ļ򣬡ȥҰǡ
ڼϰࡣԕD˼ҵ˼ϰࡣ
ȻϢˣ޲ûгɢġ
ޣǡ
ǣͬʱſڿ˹ȥͼԕDվſڶǻ֡ͬʱϲؽеۣ
͵վææ˳ȥ
ۣôˣóһʱûмۣͻȻ̫ѧֵۣǳˡ
ȻǰԕD˫ֱأЦ÷ǳãңϲⲻ⣿
ϲ
⣡
޵ͬԕD÷۵̲סǣԕD˭ǵĵܵ
ֵʾǵĵܵܣǵѡ
ͬһֱǣǾʹԕDȥ˱𴦡
ǵѧòԶһС԰ӣ˲ٻݲݡڻˣľɫǲϿǰкܶѧ顣˿̵ûʲôˡ
޼ԕDǳˣۣ˰
˵̫ѧ￴ǰԕDϸذֵһкȦЩģ̫ѧû˯𣿡˵ָָ꣬Լ£ǶȦˡ
Ȧ̧Լ£ϲûڼ
ˡԕDһĵʵû˯𣿡
˵˼ЦЦʱգҺͰ޶Щ
Ǹòʱʱɣ
ʱ
ҼǵîʱҪɣһ˯ʱԕDصԲ˫ۣһŵ˵ǲҪô
ҪڡԕDļ򣬰ҺͰ˵һ˯ʱˡ
һص˵ͷʱˡ
ƨԕDһֿڣҪǹ˯Ͳ᳤Ȧˡ
һ˵鰡
ԽĿɿڴ̫ѧѧӶ鶼ôƴô
ͷ˵϶Ƕʱ˯еʱ˯
ԕD̫ѧѧӶ鶼ô
ʱ˯îʱ飬˯һʱһ㤣ǻǲҪ
ޣŬ̿ǶԵģҹǷǳӵġԕDĵȰ˵ȥǻӰġǶıǮӰˣԺôμӿƾٰƾٿԿǷǳ۵ģҪ֪ܶӲãڲμӿƾٵʱײɥ
ֵԕDһ仰ŵˡ
ǲҪΪӺþܺҪʱμӿƾٿԵʱ򲡵ʱ͵òʧˡԕDһ˵ԽԽҪӣǲμӿƾٿԵʱƽ¡ˣҹú˯᳤ߵģǲɰӰɡ
һ仰ְֵŵˣ˱ǳ塣
ҹĳߣ
԰̫ҽ˵ġԕDһʱ죬ûʶԼ˵ǡ̫ҽΪԺ󳤸ߣÿ˯ʱԺҪҪΪӣǾ찾ҹ˯ʱ
ްͷҡĸ˹һҲΪӣԺҲҹˡ
ҲŵˣԺһ˯߳Ϊӣ̫ˡ
ԕDϸĵѯ̫ѧ
ޱʾ̫ѧһаãлԕDһֱ̫ѧ顣
ϲ̫ѧԕDǿġ
Ҿ˵ǻϲ̫ѧġ
ۣ˵Ķԡ˵̫ӵѧֵһ£˵Ϊʲô顣ţ˵𴺸һ¡˵̫һ¡
ԕDֵЩ˼ˡ
˵д¿̫ӵ̫ʱԕDһڿˮǺɤ漴ҵؿû뵽Ҳ¿ˡ
˵̫һ£Ͷ̫ӵ³һεذ̫ӵ¿졣
ԕDˡ
վһ죬ƴЦ
ԕD״̧־͸һӡ
ʹ£漴Ц
޷ԕDɫЩ飬Ǹӿ϶ۺ̫ӵǱֵܡ
ҸǴ˳ԵġԕD˵꣬һԽ
Խ⣬ȥȥţȡʳС
һгԵģ˵˫۵ʱþ
к𣿡Ȼ̫ѧķƽҲ˺⣬ǷĺⲢóԡ
ȻС
ԽĶܿ죬ûһͰʳ˹ݸǡ
һãʳкء
ҸǴ˲ٳԵģԡ
ʳпʲôóԵģ̫ʧˡߣﲻǵѧޣ򿪲̫á
ۣ̫ллˡ
ۣǵĺѡȻʥ˵ڸ֮Ҫã̫ѧķõķĲóԣѾþûгԵóԵġθǴôóԵģ˼ʱꡣ
ˣۣպҺͰϢʱһȥ档꾩һʱˣǵǶûкúù꾩ǡ֮ǰȥ棬ȥҹгʳʱˡ
ۣһȥҹгʳ
ҲһȥҹгʳպҪ£ˡ
ۣ㲻ÿ³ȥ𣿡֮ǰԕDи˵µļӣÿ³Ҫȥѧϰ𷨡պ󲢲¸³
ġԕD㿪˵Һʱ֣ĿڵټҪպ󣬹ټҪȥΪµɮҲҪΪҲҪμӡ
Ϊæʵôˣ
˵ϸɺˣټΪ꣬Ҫʮ졣ԕD˵ȻǼӣҵķ𷨲ҲҪ
һϸɺˣ˵ɫ÷ǳǡ
ټȥǲǽǱ߸ɺǳأ
˵ӽڣϼûꡣǹģԕDøǶ˵Ҳûʲôǽļڣǽȴһ궼û£Ǳ߳ٳٻûд
ôأ
ԕD΢΢ףԣټҲҪȥҽǾΪ˸˵£һʱ䲻ˡ
ҪҪ
ȻһҲǣǰǣͺóԵġԕDʲôֱӸ˵
ЦЦҪ£ֱҡ
ۣ̫ѧﲻ£㲻ҪǡԕDҪȥҲǣֵǸжú
ʱˣҪѧö顣
ȥɣǾˡ
ۣߣǾͲˡ
ǼҪˣٸԕDǶ˵ʲôææػѧˡߵʱ򣬻ʳС
ԕD뿪̫ѧ󣬾ֱӻعˡ
ֵ
˵ټң̫ӵҪȥΪŮ첻ܸһŮҲ뾡һġ
ô˵΢Цľ͹ˡ
ټңһ顣
ڷеĲյ΢ؿϣʲô飿
ҲзãǿڹķΪᣬټң̫ӵΪʮ죬ǺŮҲڹķΪʮ졣
һԵïʵⷬ΢΢ü˵Ǻֶΰ
û뵽ôģкοݵãڹ˵꣬վס˵˫֣ɫ˵ˡ
˻סڵ˫֣ڣټңҲ뾡һ˵꣬˵ټңڹзһ£Ҫʺ֣Ҫټʺ˵һ
ïʵв죬û뵽˾ȻҪûʺֹôһòȡĻᣬȻҪøʺǡ̫ˣ̫ˡ
㲻𣿡ĳ˵ֱ֣Ȼʺǡ
ڵģЦ˵ټңʺǺ֮Ӧ֡ߣݵ΢ôʥ顣
΢΢üͷ˵Լݵ΢
ټңҳ΢ʵ£Ҳ⣬ҲҪ⡣ǳΪ˽Ҫɻʺ֡
ڼ˼֣Ҳֻ
ã㡣
ټңȥҲҪעӡڵ˫֣һֱеضעϢúţչ˺Լȡ
ų˶ĹĻһůůġ
ҲҪչ˺Լ
һھǰܻʺ˵һ¡
ڻǿǳڹзΪһ£Ҳرǿǳòܻʺ֡
ܻʺ˺Щû뵽˻ֹһ¡
ˡû뵽ڹзΪ
һֱġЦʺ󣬹һ¾ͽˡ
ܻʺͷ˵ټҷģ檻ô¡
ʺó˰㡣
ܻʺ֪ڵĿģûоܾãó˰æ
ԭΪܻʺܾû뵽ܻʺˬشӦˣЩ⡣
˵ʲô˵
ܻʺһֹı飬΢ɻʵټңʲôԸ𣿡
ڿ˿ܻʺջû˵
ûˡվ˵޻飬ˡ
ܻʺվ˸񣺡͹ټҡ
ֿһ۲ܻʺɫ뿪
߳΢΢˵ʺ󡭡˵ںȻͣסˣû˵ȥ
ïʵСؿʵټңʺôأ
ҪȥʺȻһ仰ûж˵ЩìܣһϣõܻʺĹģһֲҪܻʺС
ïʵ˲ڵ˼ղų˶ڶһǻʺȴһĵĻûж˵ڶԲܻʺˡ
⡭
ïʵҪܻʺ˵ûһʱҲ֪˵ʲô
ҲûָïʵشղŵĻ̾һ˵ˡ
ïʵǰڣ̾ټҪʺģǲҪʺĹġ
뿪󣬴üͷ˵ʲô
ܻʺüͷ˵Ǵ
ǲʲôıưһ䱸˵ڷǼ鼴
ôΪ˸ԼȡһȻڹ֣ǳᲩһ
ôׯʥ飬ټҾȻó˸һ֣΢ʲôʸһֹһ˵ټά
ϾġܻʺԴ˵ʲô
Ҫһְ̧̫ˡ
ȥѳ
𣿡һ죬ھҪ𣿡
ܻʺͷԣȥ
񲻸˵ʲôæȥֵѳˡ
ԭΪܻʺҪղû뵽ô
檲μʺ
ɡ
лʺ
ܻʺżɽ˵ټҸոո˵ڹзΪһ£ˡ
վܻʺ˸񣺡лʺ佱ҲֻǺȻ뵽
ĺܺáܻʺԼû뵽ڹзΪһ£˲ܳʲôĿ뵽飬˵ˡټһ֡
Ļû˵꣬ͱϴϡæվԲܻʺ˸񣺡ʺûʸһֹе
ǣټֹе
ʺ檳΢ûʸ֡˵̬ڵĺܵͣߣûֹľ飬ﲻҡ
û£һôܻʺɡ
˲ܣֳܻʺ˸񣺡һʺ
ʵڹзûôӡܻʺ򵥵ظ˵ڹзҪʲôʵоͳ𾭡
ķǳ棬Ѳܻʺ˵ȫ
պҪڹзպҪԡ㡣ܻʺֶһóȥ
˴ͷβֵķǳûһš
ϲˣڳҲһÿγֵķǳǳĹءǶûһ˿ʧ֮׽͸ȻŰ裬˿͸ǳȴ˿͸֪ʲô
Ǻ꣬¶β͵ġܻʺɫ˵㼱ʲô
Ҿһ̫ӵ¡
ϴܻʺǳƶʱԕDD֡
һԕD£һɡߣͱ󳼷ԣûվڹվȽŸԲݺԕD
ҪǶԕD¶֣
ǻǶɡ
šȻ˱ֵطǳʵǲܻʺû˶½䱸ˣҪСġ
󹬵ǺܿյҪڹзһ¡˵ǳģǶΪ˲ȡڱ˵ʡ
ˣȫ⡣ԡ£ϰд𾭡
ͳˡվȻȥܻʺĿ
ܻʺûпʼ˾ôĵسд𾭣Щ⡣³װӣزҲס
ǰæں̫ӵȥһ£Ҳæڹзһ¡
Ϊ˵ںԕDȴһ㶼æȥ֮ǰԕD⼸컹ճŷ޶顣
죬컹ûԕDͱϻ̫ӵĳȥڡ
򵥵ţͳǰ¡󳼸һǰ¡
µĴʦڴ۱Ⱥǡ
ԕDڻɮ󣬿ʼµĴʦһо
Ҳо𾭡
ԕDڴ۱оڴ۱ſо
о糭𾭡
𾭶ԕD˵Ǽҳ㷹γ𾭣ԕDġ
ϣо
ǰĹ̻϶ȵ죬ھͿﴦ¡
ϰǵ֪ټҺ̫ӵΪ׷׿޹ټҺ̫ӵʵ£ҲԷΪ
ڵӲ̫ãȥڶʮͲˣҲķǳأû¼ֻȻعˡ
ԕDûиһعǵΪ
ʮ죬Ǳ߾ˣµķǳ˺üĴ꣬˽ϸɺ
ԕD֪ǱѾˣţļٵģô𣿡
վʦһ˵ĳĴ˷档
̫ˡԕDϲڷǰصؿͷлл档
ϰյ֪̫ӵһ˼ΪɹýǱ˴ֿ̫꣬ӵ
Ȼ˴꣬ʮûнԕD¼Ϊ


56 
ʱ˷纮, һʼأֻͿԣûз, ûվͿʼȡ
ոȲˣ˴ǵĻص
ԭΪص, Ĳܿû뵽ص, Ĳ鲻ûкת, ԽԽء
ڷķ, ĿԽԽ, ֿѪ״̫ҽ뾡һа취, ֻʱڵĲ顣
ڲˣصк󣬲ܻʺݺͳչڡ
һ²ûнܰ;, ܻʺüֹһ¡
ڸͬʱܻʺǺԶµԕDҲΪ
ԕDΪ, ˣ˴, ˸ɺڵĲ鲢ûɫ
ڵĲʱʱõʱ, ܿڴϿ, ǻǲ´ȥ糯ʱһ, 춼Ѳ
ʱ, д¶Ǵ, ǾͻĺõĄ͸ڹĿ
ڵǻ⼸ʮٲ糯κȻأôһôûϳ
ͻȻأдǷǳǡڻ̫ӵ£ĳˣλй
ȻԕDܵڣʮĸû꣬ʱܻعֻܼ¼
վʦ֪ԕDڣһֱοڲ£ֻǻᲡһʱա
ԕD֪û֮ǣͷĶˡʹˣһʱյĻǻҪܾòá
ʮĸԕDͼææػع
ΪԕDҪعˣһھˡգֻ˯һ졣
Ȼˣ廹ǷǳҲôá
洫ڲ԰ϲ¶һĨЦݣDDˡ
ĻԕD˽
ôԕDһع
ϸش¶ӣɫ;񶼲ͷˡ
û¡
ԕDڴߣɫ԰׺Ѫɫüͷ˵㶼ˣ˵û¡Ͷʮû٣ݲ˲١
ǣסӵС֣ԶӴȰЦЦûˡ
ԕDվһԵݣʵСҵ
ݿڣڶҡͷ
̫ӵ£ټҵӺҪúõ
Ҫã
̫ҽ˵ټҪ볹ӣҪһꡣھ񣬼ԕD˵̫ҽ˵ټ֮ǰ̫ۣҲܴ󱯴ϲ
Ҫ˵ʲôһھͿȿȿȡ
æһݸڣټҺȲ衣
ڽӹյͷ˼Ȳ󣬺ʱʧˡ
û£û۵ȻûDDһΪ̫ҽ
̫ҽڽ˽ټҡ
̫Ӱ
û¡
û£Ҫ̫ҽ˵غDDԣ̫ҽѰȻġ
áԕDҲ֪ڵӣԹԵذ̫ҽ̫ҽ
̫ҽظԕDһ󹧾ض˵ټң̫ӵµӿûκ⡣
̫ҽô˵㰲ˡ
Ǿͺá˵꣬ɫһӱƣDDû£Ҫġ
⸱ӿɲûµӡԕDסڵıĴ֣ҪϿ
ЦЦãϿڰѶӵСջϿȥúϢϢ
һɡ
ĻȻȥϢڹ˵Ҫõġ
ãһȥϢϢˣ㡣
Źԡ
ԕDվ˸񣺡ȻȥϢˡ
ͷúϢ
ԕD߳ڵ޵̫ҽ˳ȥϸѯڵ
̫ҽʵԕD㱨ΪȣּϿԣ˷βڼʱס飬Ȼβͻɷ졣
ʱգڵķβЩǲûг׺ãҪҩơ
ҪòãԕDǳҪʵ
̫ҽ˵̫ӵ£ټβ̫أҪָǰʮֽǲܵġ
ԕDͷһָܻ֣
õĻָܻ̫֡ҽǳص˵õĻָֻܻġ֡
ԕDš˫üЩţôأ
̫ӵ£ټҵԭͲ̫ãļ̫ҽС˵ιټֵ˷βԭͲõѩϼ˪ߣټһֱûкúϢԡ
ļʲôʱļİôû˵
ټһֱļǲء̫ҽԵǰȻأټΪ̫㣬ؿڳ˽ʹ
ǰеļ
ǵġ̫ҽ˵̫ӵ£ģټҵļƵĺܺãǺء
ԕDԣͷ˲١
õҩĸӣһҪõӻָá
̫ӵ¡̫ҽڽеû˵
ԕDһֹı飬˵ʲôֱ˵
̫ӵ£ټҲҲûкúϢȥӰ̫ҽûԕD״֪ټҲôػӣ¡
ʲôôػڴ£ԕD뵽ڸղ˵ЩԲģľ¡
ټÿᴦ¡̫ҽҪµ飬ֻǡ̫ӵ£ģùټҵĲء
ԕDüͷ˵֪ˣһȰġ
̫ӵ£ټ˭ĻˣһҪȰȰټҺú̫ҽ΢΢̾˿˵ټҵĲúþǺò˵ġ
֪ˡԕDͷ˵һúȰģȥչ˵ɡ
ǣ̫ӵ¡
̫ҽ뿪ԕDְïʵеǰ
ʱճúæ
̫ӵµĻϵûд£Сȴ١ïʵڵߣȻ֪Ϸ顣ϸظԕD˵˵ʱճϵ顣
ԕD˺ɫЩ˵ⶼЩС£Ǵôã
̫ӵ£ʱյĄӶĵġïʵ˵ĺúʸټҹĿ
ܴС飬ΪʲôҪĿ
ǹټҪģҲ֪ټҶԳϵġïʵҲȰںúϢʱҪܳϵ飬ڲûȰС£ټҲʮģԡ
¹ģôӡ
̫ӵ£ҪúȰȰټҡ
һúȰġԕDȻ뵽ʲôؿһïʵʱգˣǿɻʵ
ïʵ⣬ͷһݣ˵̫ӵ£ڣϲ¡Һùټֻ̫ӵһӣһӣֻ´Ǿͻ᲻ʵˡġ
ԕD΢΢ףҾͷˡ
̫ӵ£ǳãǹжû¡
ԕDû˵ʲôˣˡ
̫ӵߡ
ԕDûмŻضֱȥ
ܻʺ֪ӽջһֱ
݋ݣһˡԕD˻ûнȴ
ӵô񣬲ܻʺ󲻾һЦ
ûһԕDͳڲܻʺǰ
݋ݡ
ܻʺԕD֣DDË݋ݺúÿ
݋ݣû¡ԕD˵ߵܻʺǰ
ܻʺҵذѶӺúõؿ˿ԕDǳǰת˼Ȧúõؿ
˵㡣ܻʺӵС¶۵˵ʱգˡ
݋ݣҲࡣԕDЦ˵ƽµʱҲо𾭣ûʲôġ˵Ϊ˽
ܻʺֱ˱ӣһο˵ǕDDˡ
݋ݣû°ɣԕḐܻʺ˵݋ݣҲˡ
݋û¡ܻʺӣˣ
ˣ̫ҽ˵̫ãҪúõľԕD̫ҽ˵Ļܻʺ˵һ顣
һֱ̫á
ȥɲУҵúúõظ˵ڹ˽ԕDϣܺúõءڼݱ̫ӿ϶ҪǻģʱͳΪͯʵˡҪһǵͯ꣬Сͱڻλϡ
ǻ̫ӣܶ顣˻ʵۣܶˡߣ̫С˻ʵۣд»Ǵ˵㡣
Ļټһġ
݋ݣôСͳڵǣ
ź
݋㲻ȥź򣬴û˵𣿡ܻʺΪڵĻʺӦչеڡչڣǾͻ˵͡
ûУҪҵź򡣡ܻʺ˵ÿնȥͿˡ˵Сͳź͹ˡ
û˵ͺá
ڹΪûչ˹ټңҲܻʺЦ˵Բ˵ҵĲǡ˵꣬ʵô
݋ݣºܺáԕD֪ܻʺģͰʮ݋˵˵
ܻʺ˺Ȼۣǲû˵ʲôϾԕDġ
ĺܺãǱʱһֱ꣬Ӧòٸɺˡ
û뵽ô顣һʱ򣬽Ǳ߲ûꡣعһܿ콭Ǳ߾ꡣ
ܻʺ˫ӵС˵ǕDDǴεĸǡ
݋ݣò˵˰ɣʱգһֱŴµΪ淢ȫ֪顣
һԵĴ˵̫ӵ£ڴҶ˵ү͸ε𡣡
ԕD֪
̫ӵ£Ǳϰ֪Ϊү꣬ǱϰշǳлҪΪ
ԕDһʲô
ǰ˵ȴ󣬾͸
Ҫ˰ɡԕDˣýǱ߲Ҫҳ
ϰյһƬ⣬ܾˡܻʺ󵹾ûʲôҪϰһƬġ
ǣҲ̫߳˰ɡ
ҲϰΪûʲô߳ܵġ
˸
⸱ԾܻʺûסЦ˳ţ
šʲôϰո
ܻʺֵ¶ӵĶͷ⻰ҪȻġ
ҾͲˡԕDԼһТӡ
ջ˰ɣϽȥϢ
݋ݣҾֱϢŵʱҡ
ãȥ˯ɡ
ԕDԭΪԼ˯ţû뵽˯ˡ
һܻʺ󲻷Ľ˯÷ǳ㣬ҴҴӡ
ܻʺûмߣڴߣŶӿɰ˯
ʮûмӣܻʺġ
ԕDһ뿪ܻʺôáʮ죬ܻʺһæΪһ߹ӡ
һӣܻʺĵ뿪
̫ӵ˰ɡ
DDһ뿪ôá
˵̫ӵ£Ҳ̫ӵ¡˵û̫ӵ£̫ˡ̫ӵ»ˣһӾͱˡ
ú˯žͲˣٳԡ
˯УԕDԺľоȻֿǰǿּǸݵϺС
ףôˣ
ΣϺûлӦԕDĻ
ԕDϺвû˵ʲôϴһҲ
һ˯δʱĩѡˬ
˰Űɡ
݋ݣûţⶼδʱĩˡ
һšܻʺԸʢһȺ
݋ݣôҰ
˯ô㣬᲻ý㡣ܻʺһؿԕDСģҪһ㡣
Сﲻڸչ˵𣿡
ǰΪܻʺСӳ谮ԕDˣǳۣҪóԵģҪúõظ㲹һ
ԕDЦķǳãСá
ţһȥټҡ
á
ȻµķʳζķȾͲԶˡ
ԕD뷹ֺ
ܻʺӵθôãܸˣθҲű˲١
ĸꡰٵţǰڡ
ڿڴϣڿⲻǰĄӡ
ԕD˹ȥһѶеĄӡ
˄ӵһãȻŭصãˡ
DDôˣ
ܻʺ˸񣺡ټҡ
ݺͳ˲ڣڸȥϢˡ
ôڿӣԕDվڴߣ˫ֲһߵصڣ̫ҽ˵ˣӷǳܴ¡
޻ûӶܿڳԕD֣фӸ
ҪúþΪκ鷳񡣡ԕDǳ࣬ʹˣûд·һЩС¡ЩС£ǾܴãҪ㴦
ܻʺһû˵ӽѵڡ
ԕDװͰ͵ڲúϢĄһ¡
ڱӡѵһ£һʱ˷
ӽ𣬵㲻ٿӣΪϵ鷳ġԕDݾܾҪǺúȡհá
˺óһŻعΪεŶӣDDӲµġ
û²˵㣬̫ҽ˵㡣ԕD˵βôأƽģϢµġ
ûô
ӱҪԕDЄӣҴ͸˵Ǵ£ǲҪ㡣
DDʱȥϳٲܳе顣ڶڳϵǷǳģġ
㲡ˣ˾͸úúԕDĵȰ˵ܴС£ʲôĵġ
һղӣѰ˵фӸ
һֱϵ飬ⲡԶðԕD˵ţСβأ㲻ãӰԪġ
̫ҽ˵ڲ̫̫ҽĻ̫ҽŻġ
̫ҽʮӣҲŻҰԕDŻ˵һ治ĻҲ뻹ûгû˵˵꣬Ϳ
һӿˣˡ
DDޡ
ԕD˺󼸲ڹһ߿ޣһ˵Ҳû㡣
µġ
µġء㲻úþͻءҲҪ
ڳԕD֣DDġ
㲻úͻԕD޵һһҭǲǲҪҺ͋݋أŲú
ڱӿ޵ĶˣһѰѶӱ̧Ķӵĺ󱳡
ģDDޡ
㲻úͻԕDԽ˵޵ԽףΪʲôúҪңҾûĺӡءҲҪ
ܻʺ֪ϷǼӿ޵ôģǲɵۡ
ټңӦDDúɣȻʳѰġ
úúãӦúڸϽ
𣿡ԕDĽëϹ飬Сģʮֿ
ӿ޵ˮۻˣֲ˲ϵˮ
ģ
ԕDӣʵ˵ӦҺúӣġ
ãʲôӦ㡣
ԕDСĴָ
ãڹӵСĴָϵһ겻䣡
Ҫ˵㻰͵͵ҿӣúҾͲҪˡԕDıǳ࣬Զ㣬˵ţԣ
ڱӵϬŵˣһ˵˵㻰ֻǡDDϵȫǴﲻİ
㲻ʲô
ʵסˣһʱ䲻֪ô˵
ԕD뵽ʲôת˵´Ǹ
û˵
㲻ǰԕDȻΪʮǣû뵽ǡ
ǲţǲġڲʮǡΪȫȫŴ󳼡ˣҲܲܳе顣
ԭǵĲ
Ϊʱʱ̿˽⳯е飬𣿡
ԕDͷ˵ˡ
ӵСһ˵֪DDԡ
ȻĴǣأԕDո뵽һ⣬ָָԼ˵ҵİɡ
Щû϶ӵ˼·Ȼ㡣
ãǵذڼ䣬ȥϳ㿴ӡ͵ǰѧϰˡ
ʲôڱⷬˡ
ܻʺҲŵˣĿɿڴؿŶӡ
ԕDٴ˵˵Ҵȥϳ㿴ӣܷ˰ɡ
ھ㵵ؿԕD춼û˵
û뵽ӻ˵ⷬǶҲ
ôԕD˫ֱأһŵ˵ҾòǴ£ֻСµĻӦÿԸ㶨
ؿһ۶ӣȥϳӣ
㲻ǲĴǣֻҰ˰ԕDΣΪĶӣҵðǣܰ
ãȥϳӡڸո룬öȥϳҲһ¡ǰ˽ϳôϵġߣȹ꣬ӳЩҲöϳ˽µġǣDDȥ糯𣿡
ԕDҧҧ˵Ϊ˵㣬˵𣬾ǻҲĵ
־ԕDСͣʲôԺ˵ֻ
ΪҲҪΪò
ڱⷬ˵ͷůůģһƬãһò
ԕḐڵЦŹԣ
ڸϽɿӣĲûãԶһ㡣ţܰѲԕD
ԕD˼ڵľ롣
Ǿô˵ˣȥϳ
ãּڴȤϳɲڳ˯ŰȻ͸ˡ
Ҿ˯šԕD˵ֲ꣬һ䵽̫ģ˵Ļ˯š
Ǵȥϳģɲ˯š
ðɣŬ˯š
һ˵Ҫúõ˵ʲô
ԕD˲ڵ˼ͷ˵ãһúġ
ïʵ
ïʵ˽ټҡ
ּ̫Ӽ
ïʵ⻰ĵԲ˫ۣ¶𾪡
ǣټҡ
ܿ죬ּʹÿ󳼵Ķ˲С䶯
ڸԕD˵˲ٹϳ顣
ԕDķǳ棬ȫ
˵꣬ԕDһ顣
ԕD׼ȷذڸղ˵ȫ˵˳ûɣ
û
ԕDƲƲ˵û뵽ϸôŵ
ЦҪסϳһǳҪ顣
Ŷ֪ˡԕDϳǿô㻹ʲôҪ𣿡
ûˡ
ǵϢˡԕDԼظ˵ͽҰɡ
ãȫˡ
İɣġ㲻Ћ݋ˡϢˡ
úúãϢڷǳڿ𣿡
ˡԕDĵؿ佱ڵԡ
СһֳЦ㰡
˯ԕDߴٵ˯ˣҾߡ㲻˯ҾͲߡ
¶޹ˣᱻĲȾ
Ͼ˯˵꣬ͱ˫ۡԭΪԼ˯ţû뵽һ۾˯ˡ
ԕDߵ߼˯ˣΪװ˯ü
ܻʺ߹¶ӵĺ󱳣ټ˯ˣ߰ɡ
á
߳ڵ޹ïʵǰ棺̫ӵ£
ܻʺһ۶ӣӦΪһ¡
݋ݣ鷿ࡣ
ȥɡ
ԕDˣæվ񣺡̫ӵ¡
ɡԕDֱʵǲΪ˼һ£
ǡ
ӲãҪֲĳе飬ʱϳӡԕDԣ̧ʾʲô˵


57 
ԕD˵, ޾ɵſϡ
һԵïʵԕDһı飬ĵʵ̫ӵ£ôˣïʵʱոԕDźݺͳˣź͹ˡ
ïʵź˼ʮ, Գϵǳ˽, ڲŻԕDź, ΪľԕD
û뵽ô鷳֪ô鷳, Ͳϳһ¡
, Ҫġïʵο, , ǻ̫ġ
ҲǡԕDֱӣٸ˫˸˵˶ã
ïʵ˵˿ʱ
ԕD, ²ӣŤŤӡ
˵Ȼ֪ΪãԲŻ˵ô೯ϵ飬̫˵ˡ
̫ӵ£Ƕ˵ïʵЦ˵, ʱϳ˵һ硣
Ҫ˵һ, ҿסԕDƲƲ˵ʱ˵˯ˣǵĴ
̫ӵ£ټҸտʼϳʱ, Ҳס, ҹټҲ˵˯ˡ
ļٵģԕDСʱð, տʼϳʱı˵˯ˣ
ģҹټҾ˯šڱԕDСʱͿʼϳˡǸʱھ˯Ҫ˯ˣҲ˵ʲô
ҾͷˡԕD˵Сʱϳ˯ţȻ˯ֻݹٷŻյư
̫ӵ£ټúѧϰïʵµ֮ԴӦԕDȥϳΪľԕDǰѧϰԕDϤϰ߳á
һúѧϰġԕDʵϳǳģˣҰƫʰҴӽסƫ븣ЩԶҪסڶЩ㡣ֱסڸƫʲôֱȥҵȥҋ݋ݡ£Ҳܵһʱ֪
ïʵСϾͰȥʰ
ȥԕDתȥڵ޹ڻڻ˯ڴߡ
˵һԕDȥ
˵ԕDܻʺԹ˵Ҳ˯ˡ
˵ʲôܻʺʵ
˵˺ܶ࣬ǳϸظҽϳÿ˭ôӡԕDһЩ˵Ļܻʺ˵¡
ܻʺ˺󣬸̾ˡ
ԭȥġԕDʱȥϳҪ뿴е˽³дǣʲôߣһСҲʲô˼ǲ裬Ϊǡʲô˵ʲô
ʲôֱӶԴ˵
˵ˣ𣿡ԕD죬²ܻʺιƻȻǻ̫ӣҾһСӣǻԸһСӵĻ𣿡
ĿҪǶԵģȻܻʺó־ظӲǣ̫ӣ˵ʲô˵ʲôҪίԼߣСӣ˵Ҳûʲô
ԕDܻʺһ仰ɫʱһŶСӣ˵Ҳûʲô֮ǰ룬Ҫϳʱ˵Цˡ
ܻʺֲһƻιӵߣ˵СӣԵȨ
ԕD˲ײܻʺ˼Це˵݋ݣ֪ôˡ
úÿúܻʺһ˵ϳѧܶණ
ԕDص˵ͷ݋ݣ֪ˡ
Ҫټϳôûǰ˵֮ǰ˵Ҫټȥϳܻʺʵһ
݋ݣҲͻȻ뵽ԕDЦЦ˵׼ȷ˵ͻ롣
ͻܺáܻʺȻ뵽ʲô΢΢ü˵ϳǺģÿҪ첻𴲡
ܻʺĻû˵꣬ͱԕDϣ݋ݱ˵Ȼһùĵġһ뵽ܳһʱ䣬ÿҪ첻;޿
γôãÿ춼˯Ȼѣ£Ȼ
ܻʺֵ˵ӵСԴЦ˯˿
ԕDԣһԹΪʲôϳҪô磬Ͳ𣿡
ǹأһֱ
îʱĿϳǴʱҪ

ԕDĵԲ˫ۣÿ춼𣿡
ÿˡ
Ҳ̫˰ɡԕDͬһѴǣһô϶û˯ã糯ʱ϶ܺú𣿡
Ȼܺú¡
Ҳ̫ˡԕDš˫ü˵УҲҪôȥϳĲһʱãҪϳϺܳһʱ䣬żУܲˡҪϳʱһ£ĵʱ
ĵʱܻʺһ㵣DDϳʱɲġ
݋ݣող˵СôȨôԕDЦЦھԡ˵ֻϳֲԼȥϳûҪѭ浸ءҾʱϳҲ˵ʲôɡ
ܻʺȻö˵мֵЦСè
ԕDïʵе
ïʵ˽̫ӵ£кηԸ
ȥ˵糯ĵʱϡ
ïʵ⻰¶ȵʱ
ԣ˵ô磬糯ĵʱϣ˵һ
̫ӵ£⡭
˵˵ġԕDïʵЦЦû£Ͱҵԭ
ïʵһ۲ܻʺ󣬲ܻʺͷ
ǣС͸˵
ʱҶˡԕD²۵ʱϳŶԡӦøϰһ塣
ʱϳܻʺЦʱϳʲô
݋ݣֲÿϳô顣ƽ鲢࣬һʱھ˵꣬˵ʱȻȥšԕDЦ˵ԱɻҾźܺ
ܻʺСЦˣ˷һʱ䣬ټҺʹǶæһʱǲµġ
𣿡ԕDΪȻʱϳһ𣿡
ôûĄӵҹܻʺ¶ӵСӣʱϳѾˣ㻹ʱ
ԕDӣðɣҷʱϳ뷨
ïʵȥԺԕDĻԭⲻת⡣
󣬲ûЦķǳͰ
µĻ֪ˣһת󳼴ʱϳ
ïʵӦˣһ죺
֪ïʵڳԾʲôЦ˵̫ӵ»С˺ڳʱܶԡ
࣬۰̫ӵ°꣬ټҺСʱϳôùټҳʱϳ
̫ӵ»С硣
࣬ټҲСôûùټҳʱϳïʵǱȽ̫ӵ¡
֪ïʵڸЦʹˣ̲סҪ۰̫ӵһЩ
ټ֪Դ׵ġ
ǾùټҳԴװɡЦ˭йټСʱû̫ӵ´ɰ
ïʵ⻰˵ʧЦ漴ǳͬص˵ͷ˵ķǳԡ

ܿͰԕDּ⴫ȥ󳼵֪󣬲ûκβҲû˵ԕD糯ʱ䲻ԡ
ïʵصķӦԕD˵ˡ
ԕD˺Ǿ£ĵЦ涮ҡ
ܻʺǳ죬ïʵһû뵽ô׵شӦˡ
໹ǳ㡣
݋ݣôɰ˭ϲԕDЦķǳ⣬Ӧõġ
ʲôܻʺ˵˵ĳƨ
ԕDһؾ݋ݣš˵ֲҪԿôɰСӣô˯á
ܻʺ󱻶ⷬƨĻÿЦã㰡
݋ݣȥȥ鷿ˣٹһš
ȥ鷿ʲôܻʺɻʵ
Ӱ϶˲لӣĹģȥôӵġԕD˵һûпӣ뿴ôдӵġ
ȥɡܻʺ˵úÿ
݋ݣˡԕDܻʺ˸󣬾ʹïʵԪȥ˸
ȥ鷿֮ǰȥ˿ڡڻ˯û
ԕDڻ˯ôöûѣ֪̫ҽûƭҲûŻĲĺأҲҪú
ϳǶԵġ
鷿ԕDؿһıͱùŹ
ïʵվһԕDɫԣæʵ£ôˣ
ԕDеĄӣͷïʵһѾʵ֪݄дʲô
ïʵҡͷʵ£дʲô
℞дسһͷţͷСţ˵𡣡ԕD˳˵ͷСţȻһдϱ˵Ҳ̫˰ɡ
£ĄӺܶࡣïʵ˵ʵûôдӣֻдһЩëƤС¡
ûдͲҪдԕD˵ƨҲôĵġ
ïʵЦ˵£ƨĄӺܶ࣬˾ͻϰߡ
ĵĄӾӦöһߣҪܡԕDÿĄӣ˷ʱ䡣ǾȻظֱ˲Ŷԡ
һ٣Ҫʲô鶼
ظԕDġΪôĄӣֱӱȽϺá
ԕD¿˺üӶڸ밲Ȼ˵ڣûĴڵƨ
ǶĄӣһɻָǡ֪ˡ
ԕDſţͻȻ뵽ӺĵۡǶʱ䣬Ӻһ»ѡӺƨۣظǡ֪ˡߡ޾ĺӡ
ԺĄӵʱ򣬿ѧӺү߸Ц·ߡ
ïʵ̫ӵЦЩ֣еʵ£ðɣ
ԕDûסЦڄдһЦ˵ҪһЦ
£ĄҲܳԺϰߵġ
ԕD
ԕDͰфӵЦԽԽЦԽԽ档
ïʵԕDӿЦͣҲ̲סЦˡ
£ʱˣȥˡ
ô͵˰ԕDӿʱ䣬վ˵֪ΪʲôõĄӶ
Ϊʲô
Ϊ档ԕDһ˵ƽ￴ӿˣķʱ򿴵ЩƿЦĄЦһЦҲǺõġ˵꣬͵Լġ
ïʵû˵֮ÿӶԕD˵ʮ渺
ЦˡԕDԼЦЩˣԼȥûѡ
ǡ
ڻû
ԕDں󣬾ǰͲܻʺһš
ŵʱܻʺ˵˵翴ĄӣѲܻʺҲЦˡ
ЩʵûдӾͲҪд
ǱдܻʺԵΪ֪ǣ˵ǵǡ
ԕDһ⻰ͷӦ˹ԭڵǰˢڸаѹûдҲҪණдӡ
صĹԱֻͨдӲܳǰдЦҲҪдӡ
ԕDһȻԭΪ
ע⵽пܻᱻ꾩ܻʺпдҲдģ𣿡
ԕD̵ܽص˵ͷˣдĵЦú£ˣȻᴫʱܵ꾩
е˲ô밡ܻʺ̵ԕDͶȡɵĴ󳼺ܶࡣ
ҿɲ쿴ĿЦĄӣҾ͸˵ĵĄӾͲҪ͵鷿Ąͦ桢Цģ˷ʱ䡣
ǿĺܿ𣿡
ǿĿģпĵĄӵʱ䣬ܸɲ¡
ǾͲҪˡܻʺԕDһ鼦⣬ȥ֪ͨս㡣
ʱˡԕDڼ䣬ûߣϾ𷨡
ˡ
ţԕDܻʺһŻظӡ
ӿһ룬֪ˣԕDϽȥ˿
ڵ֪ʱҪסڸȻˡ
ԕD糯ʱһ¸˵ˣҫǱȽ
ڼûз糯ʱڳʱЩԾ⣬ǳԴף˵ƫԕDȻĳԴס
ԕD翴һҲ˵ˡĺ棬Цͣ
Ц󣬸ԕDȻЩЩƿЦҲǴǵһƬ⣬Įӡ
ԕDﲻ޳ɣûзڡ
ڸ񲢲ôãɷǳԕD˵һͲˡ
ԕD˵һֻ˯˹ȥǵǡ
̫ҽ־˯״ҲʱջһЩһʱպھͲ᳣˯ѡ
ԕDȥϢչ˺ڡ
ԕDһҪϳƽʱ˯һƽﺥʱĿ̲˯£ʱ˯ˡ
գîʱĿ̣ԕDͱïʵѡ
ʱ糯ԕDǲ˯ʱ
ԕDԺرïʵźشóҪȥ糯ȻܴҪɫĻ̫ӳ
ϴãԕDЩǺһֱڴǷ
̫ӵ£Ϊš
ԕDִһǷïʵ仰΢΢£Сˣ
ˡ
ôСԕD΢΢ü˵Сչ˵ѾۣôһΪš
̫ӵ£ݸžȥϢˡ
ҲУ³ٸС˵ԕD쳽ʱˣīæš
ݸԕD˷šƤ࣬顣
ԕDŵʱ򣬴Ѿˣ˿ڴƫȴϳ
ǵľһ˵Цġ
̫ӵϳһ£Ǻڴġ
ԲûлӴ̫ӵµĴ˵һ̫ӵǰ¶ĺûᡣ
ٴ󳼾һҪ̫ӵǰúñ֡
ԕDţææ
ڽ֮ǰݣǳƵ˽ȥ
̫ӵ¼ݵ
ԕD߽վ˴󳼣вûһŻߺ¡
ǳߵǰȻֱͦ
⻹ԕDһϳĴ󳼻Ầ£ִ٣û뵽̫ӵȴʮִݡ
ϳԕDʷ췭ظı仯ƽɰɡǣȴǳϡ
ͷ񣺡μ̫ӵ¡
ԕDޱ˵ɡ
л̫ӵ¡
̨µĴվӺ󣬾ͺؿϵСС˶
ԕDҲؿŴǡĴ󳼣ʶĲࡣ
Ƕ˵ԕDüͷλ󳼣ˣʱûϳʱ䣬ϳʲô˵
̫ӵһƬТģǳȰ
Ҫ𣿡
ࡣΪ࣬ȻҪͷá
ԕDͷ˵˵
̫ӵ£ɴ
ԕD⻰һϲǱôͲˣ
ǵģ̫ӵ¡˵ⶼ˹ټҺ̫ӵµĸ
⻰һ˵󳼷׷׸ͣȻʼԕDʺƨ
ǶҪԕDˡ
ԕDʵȥֻÿڴǡ
ȻǱɴô޽ˮˡ
岩ڵ̫ӵ£Ǳ߿ʼ޽ˮء
ýǱ߶޽һЩˮأԱֻ衣Ǳãڸտʼɺʱ˴꣬ǲ漸¾Ͳٸɺ
ǣ̫ӵ¡
ţ󳼷׷࣬˵ĶС¡
Ƚ̫ƽûʲô鷢
ȻС£ԕDķǳ档
С²ҪѾúˡ˵ЩС£Ҳ˵һʱ
ԕD˵飬ûʲô࣬վǰкܶˣҼҲ֪˭࿪ʼһҽܣ֪ǽʲô֡
û뵽ԕDô˵Ǿ£ϲá
ˣҽܵʱ򣬼ǵ˵һǵĹְԕD⣬㿪ʼ
ǣ¡⿪ڵ⣬ְ̫̫࣬
ҽֵ꣬岩ǡ
ֵ˵ʱһɫҽܡ
ԕDŴǵҽܣְֲ
ҺòܻʺǰǳϸظԕDܹεĹְƶȣȻԕDڻµġ
ԕDһֱγĹְƶ̫ӣԺʲôġһʼܻʺ󽲽ⲢûһЩŪס
γĹְƶȲӣв©γ֮߹٣Ϊԭ
֮ǰƳȻı˵߹ٵ󣬵ҲֻǸ˵Ƥëûг׽߹ٵ
ԕDҪ׸ı߹͵γĹְƶȣ׵ľ񲹡
ŷǵĺӣҪμӿƾٿԣ񲹾ܴͽʿ˽ʿ볯Ϊ٣͵¹ԽԽ࣬ͬʱЩμӿƾٿԵѧ˵ƽ
Ժ̨һҪĵľƶȡǹٻӵܣֻȨӵܣǺӵܣҪ볯Ϊپͱμӿƾٿԡ
ȴҽ꣬糯ͽˡ
ԕD˳ȥڡ
ڽ磬ڵԕD³
洫ԕDڲһЦԤƵҪ
ԕD˽ڿڴϣȸ˸񣺡
ںȻֽյĶЩһǡ
ǵһμԕDӡ֮ǰصʱԕDʹ˻̫ӳڲûдӶϿϡ
ԕDڶԼʲô𣿡
ŻعԶӴȰЦЦûУûж
ǵΪʲôҿ
Ȼл̫ӵϡΪDDϳ϶˼ǡ
𣿡ԕDԼûио
һϳʲôоϷʵؿԕDû˯Űɣ
ֲ㣬ҿû˯šԕD°ͣһ˵Ŀˡ
ô˵˵糯˵ʲô
ûʲô£һЩС¡ԕDļܺã糯ϴǸ˵飬һظ
ڿһïʵïʵͷ
ǵô⣬ôǴغòã
ðЩС¶ãҪʲô
⻰˵ĺܶԡ
һ糯ţڵڻǵһ糯ʱŲ顣
ŰʲôýŵġԕD˫ֱأվڴЩĵط°ѲԕDֲ̫ûмǡ
һŴݵģкοͬʱҲЩȡΪԕDһϳ϶ִٲû뵽ûһ
˲ţʲôо
Ĳ̫һ
ﲻһ
ûôġ
⻰ǿЦãʲô
ΪģȻһ˯ţû뵽ûСԕDһ˵ЩС飬ȴĺ档
أ
оǸоԼ϶һΡԕDʵʵ˵ǰʱ򣬲ʲôǽ߽һ̣;á
ʵʲô
ԕDôʣһׯʥĸо;ԼСӡ
⻰˵һ㶡
ԕD°ͣɫ˼˵;ԼҪԵԼݡ
úúáοDDָоܺáDDҪĺãܸô롣DDôСôǿģ̫ϲ⡣
һϳҲ𣿡
һϳǳ£µһƬհסڿ޵DDȵĺãԶ㡣
ԕDԣٺٵصЦʤ
ʱٴ꾩׼μ̫ѧѧԡ


58 
ǰ, 꾩棬̫ˣ¶Ҫ꾩̫ѧ
ʵ, û׼, ȥһЩط, һЩʶԼ۽硣Լ, ûҪһʱȥμӿƾٿԡ, о仰ǽС鲻·, ߿Ȼ󣬹پúöμӿƾٿԡ
ΪԼѧʶڲμӿƾٿҲ, ϴ꾩ֿ̫˰µ飬۽, ͬʱҲѧ˲ٶΪ̫֣ҲҪ꾩
Ҫ꾩ǣֻһ·, Ǿǿ̫ѧ, ֻ˲ŻӦ꾩
ؼҺ󣬻Ѳٿ, ˵˴Ӧ꾩̫ѧ
ͬȲʰ꾩ǡ
֮ǰ, 뿪꾩֮ǰ, ֵ̫Ļƴ, й̫ѧġ
ٴ꾩, ֻһ֮СȥϴסĿ, סú󣬾ȥ̫ѧѧԡ
պμѧԡͼ͵ȥ̫֡
뿪£꾩ַ췭ظı仯̫ѧֵ̫ĻƴһƾͰ⼸̫ѧı仯ϸظ˵ˡ
ֵ̫ĻƵĻ󣬶̫ѧԽ档
μ̫ѧѧΪ꾩ǣΪֿ̫飬̫ѧ顣
üǰȥѧ飬Ƕ˼վûжˡѧѧӱ飬ϲɡĶǡᵳӪ˽ԺͶԹѧûʲôӡ
˵̫ѧǴѧ̫ѧѧ࣬ȹѧϾ꾩ȨġΪ꾩Ϊü˷ģ뿼̫ѧ
̫ѧ󣬾ͺúõض飬Ͳܲʡ
ԭΪ̫ѧ͹ѧһû뵽뿪£̫ѧͷ˱仯̫ѧȻѧֵأѧ⡭ȫ벻ġ
һֱΪ鲻飬Ҫȥ˽һУܶ顣
꾩̫ѧǶԵġ
ִ̫һ죬˽⵽꾩顣ڶգûȥ̫֣ǰԼڿ￴鱸̫ѧ
ԭȥҸ۵ģ룬̫ѧȥҸۡ
˵꾩Ψһһʶѡٴ꾩ǣӦȥ˵һ
磡
鷿ֵԕDһ硣
ȥ̫ҽïʵԕD磬ʱæԪȥ̫ҽ
ȵȡԕDסԪɣ෢ıӣһԵïʵ˵û£ûܷ纮Ӧ߶ҡӦ˵ĺˡ֮ǰ˵ȥ̫ѧǣʱգæżûȥ̫ѧǡ
̫ӵ£̫ҽѰԕDӣïʵһ㶼⡣
ïʵģԕDֻôӦаɣǾȥ̫ҽɡ
Ԫԣȥ̫ҽ
̫ҽĺܿ죬ϸظԕD˰ֲûκ⡣
ïʵ֪ԕDûˡ
Ҿ˵˵ҡ
˵Ӧǣǿ϶ĺˡ
ԕDͬ⣺Ҳôá˵꣬˵ȥ̫ѧǣ˳һЩóԵġ
£㲻ȥ𣿡
㿴йȥ𣿡ʱգæȥϳ糯˯Ҫ顣ΪˣͲö顣ţڿ˯һʱ˯ѺҪŷ޶顣
ȸŷ޶飬ҪæſӡȻѾĹˣÿ
˵ʵЩ󳼴´治Ҳд˽ֻҪǣģ»Ƿǳ׵ģһΪ͢
ĹĄӣԕDѧ˲ٶֹˣҲ˽ظԕD˵ϵ飬ô¡
ͬһԕDǺգȥ𣿡
ԕDͷǾͺȥ˵꣬뵽һ飬ˣ֮ǰŷҪʮĿƾٵĿȥ͸ǡ
ʮĿƾٿȻμӿƾٿԣҲ֪ʮĿƾٿж
ǲҪμӿƾٿôʮĿƾٿ͸ǣǺúõĥ
Ҫμӿƾ𣿡
ǲμӡԕD֮ǰʹҪҪμĿƾٿԣǲμĿƾ١Ǿ̫ѧ³μӿƾٿԡڣǾԼûʵμӿƾ١ȰʮĿƾٿǿ˽¿ƾٿԡ
ãҴǡ
ˣҪƪдºʫʣ˵Ҫġ
ɻʵ£Ҫǵºʫʲô
ãǰдõºʫʸҡ˵պŷ޻ῴǣҪȺüꡣлǰŷǣǾǰŷ޿ǵºʫʡ
ã֪ˡ
ԕDû˵ʲôӡһվ鷿һߣ⣬ԼϢһ¡
ʱܻʺСʳ鷿
ʱգÿϣܻʺ󶼻һЩԵ鷿ԕDڿû
ܻʺ˵һ뿪ˡǰԕDúϢ
ԕDҹûټӣǿ֡æżͬʱҲ֡
úֲаֱֵдĺÿÿκͨţֶҫ֣ȻЦԕDûдĺÿ
պ󣬲ѡʱȥ̫ѧǡ
ǼˣԕDûкʧ䡣
ۼ£ʱûǣǡ
ۼʲô飬Ҫɣ
Ҫ˵æˣǡ˵꣬ԕDķԸæ˵ˣҪдºʫʡ
ҪдºʫʣһȣҪЩʲô
ǰдõºʫø
ûж룬дºʫø˲
ҺͰдºʫʲã뿴õºʫʣǿֱֽ̫ϻ־ϵ±ȽϺá޾д²ڣҪѧϰд»ʫʣӦÿЩɫºʫʡ
۾뿴ǵºʫʡҪ뿴õºʫʣ뿴ֿ̫ǵ£ֱӿŷǵ¾ˡˣʮĿƾٿתǣǺúÿ
ʲôʮĿƾٿһ𾪡
Ǻú˽ƾٿ⡣
⡭ǷǳԾ͸жû뵽ôϸģȻΪ׼ʮĿƾٿ⡭޼֮ллۣǻúÿġ
ʲôҪæ𣿡ʵûȱʲô
ʲôȱһжãø۲Ҫǡ۱Сܶ࣬һֱȴǳչǣǸжͬʱ־ЩΪǲûаϸۡ
ʲôҪæľ˵Ҫ˼ָ˵ȱʲô˵֪ġ
ЦЦ˵ҺͰ̫ѧʲôȱ
޸͵صͷʲôȱ
ҪǺȱʲôǵø˵
ģҪæһ͸ۿ
Ǿͺáָ˵һ뿪
ԕDյ˷дĄӡ
дĄӣǿ˺󣬲ûģøԕD
ԕDϢǰʱմкͰǶ
͵֪󣬾дӸԕD
ڄǰԕD֮ǰΪһ¿һţֹڵһ󣬶ԕDһ£ʾǳ֧֣ظԕD˵˺ܶ೯ϵ顣
ڄӵ󣬷дˡݴ˳Ǽǡһ£ᵽء
أ
Ǹ
Ǹ˼ҡҺѧ
Ǹ˵ΪģΪΪʥϾѧΪ̫ƽ
ڄͰؿһ˵ǿ֮š
ᵽأԕD뵽ڳΪѧʼ֮ǰոʧأǸѪԵˡ˷͵Ľ飬ȥоѧȻѧ
λУԕDǷǳģҲǳĿǰ϶
ԕD룬д˷Ÿͣ÷;ټ̫ѧ顣
̫ѧ飬ܺǳΪͬǵʷϣغһμӿƾٿԡ
صУдºʫʵݸԕD
ԕDؿ˿д¡˵£˵ǶС
дǡ׾ĶУѧ׾
ԕDﾪ̾ǵĲѧ
佱ддĺãǸȣԼдСơ
ȵ磬ŷ޽ԕD顣ԕDͰдºʫʣøŷ޿
дºʫʣ㿴ô
̫ѧ𣿡ŷ֪ԕD̫ѧѣҹϵ֮ǰԕDҪʮĿƾٿΪľѡ
ԣ㿴ǵˮƽô

ŷؿ˿дºʫʡտһ̲סãдĺá
ŷ޿дĺãԕDǸˡ
ŷ޿дºʫʺ󣬺ĵؿ佱£λѺвѧ
𣿡ԕD˵ɲҪҵϣ佱дĺð
£ĺвѧ
ϲǵ𣿡
ϲ
ʱˣҰǽܸʶ
ŷԕD˼Цһֱµλѡ̫ӵôϲأһж֮ȻµλѺвŻ
ǿǷǳ羴ģһֱҪݷʶ㡣ԕD˵ȰϢˣҾðȥݼ˵ֲ꣬ǲ֪ҵݣ㵽ʱǿɲҪ¶ڰ
ŷ΢΢Ц·ģ㱣غܡ
ԕD֮òȥһ̫ѧǣϢˣʹȥݷŷޡ
˺ֱֵӾˡ
ݷŷ
԰֮ǰҪºʫʣøŷ޿ġһĿɿڴģЦ˵ŷ޿ºֱвѧǡ
⻰ĵһ
µףϢʱǣȥŷޡǺú׼°˵꣬뿪ˡ
Ȳ뿪ãֵھ޴ġšС˺ܾúܾãǲŻعȻֵһµ¶Է
ֶǳأϵʱһʹУ۵ǳһ˻
ţֵܶͬ˵ۣΣ
磬Ĳ𣿡޲ţԼĴȣ˲۵
Σģһŵ˵Ҫȥŷ
⡭⡭⡭޼Щ״Σ֪˵ʲôˡ
һԼ˵ޣҪú׼ŷǰʧ񡣡
ͷһãȻʵ磬Ҫ׼ʲôΪ̫ʱʧȥǡ
˼˵дһƪ£дһʫʣʱݷŷʱŷָ
ã޵΢Щ
뵽ǲܼˣŷ޼ǲʲô£Ƕ˵ܼŷһǳҵ顣


59 
ҹ
͵شһ, 漴оѡ
ڴߵѣæվĵʵټңôˣ
ڴ, ɫ, ڵش
״, æȥ̫ҽھܾˡ
, һˮһˮڵ΢ƽЩ
վһʵټң𣿡˵꣬˵, Сȥݡ
ڰڰ֣Ҫú˯
ɫ԰ףϻſ־壬ЩģС˻ǰ̫ҽ, һ
ã޻ͺáڿڴϣһ
ټҲԸ̫ҽΣֻվһ˵˵ľ㤡
ټ, ζǷ, Ҫ̫ǡ
ڿһ, ĵ˵εˋ݋ݡ
, ʺ𣿡ɻ, ټεʺʲô, Ȼų
ǻʺ, ׯ̫ܲ󡣡뵽ΣϲΣε޸ͱȥӸׯ̫ܲÿϴ档
⻰֪ôοڡ
ڽ˵޻Сʱ飬Ǹʱׯ̫ܲ󾭳һЩСʳ͸޳ԣ˲·һΣޱѵ⣬һܵһط͵͵ޣׯ̫ܲҵޣϸذοޡʱ뱧޵ģ쵽һջȥˡ뵽ΣһƬӣȴϡҪޣֻСعģ޿ߡ
˵˫ۺˣЩܣæοټңׯ̫ܲ˵ֻҪúõģͷˡ
ӾǰȴϣܱǺεȵĲ̡˸⣬εǰһֱš˵档֪أ֪ޣǴȴƫƫޣȥĿ
۽Ҳʪ|ˡ
ټҡ
݋һֱڵȥȴʲô֪һ涼ûм˵Ҳ̲ס˫
ټҡһμڿ޵ôģһʱ޴룬֪ôοڡ
ȿȿȿȿȡڵӻûкãܴ󱯴ϲ
ټңˣæȥ̫ҽǻǱֹˡ
Σֻý˰ûзԡ
˯ڸƫ˵ڳ£ææ𴲸ˮһæڱڻﰲο
ĵ˳ȥݺذοڡ
ôˣïʵֵźԕD˯ºͻȥϢˡ
ټôˣïʵҲ֪֪ڳˣҴҵظ˹
ټεׯ̫ܲˡڸղŶ˵Ļïʵ˵һ顣ڰټҡ
ټôεׯ̫ܲ󣿡
ҡͷ
ïʵ΢΢šüټҺܳʱûׯ̫ܲû뵽ׯ̫ܲԶǹټеһᡣ
ͻȻ뵽һ飬ɫ˲ó
ټεׯ̫ܲ󣬿϶ټˣֻ⡭
üǰ˴ݼټңټĻ£˵ϲҪӭȢΪޡȻټûдӦǹټ⶯ˡ֮ٴݼټùټҲĻ·ǣѸһźû¡
ټ˵ĻҲû͸顣ǣڹټεׯֻ̫ܲҪ취ֲңʱпܻϲһ¡
ïʵ⻰ͷһջ̫ӵ˵¡
Ѿ˵£ټҲȡ£¸ͻ顣ԹټҵӣǻġͻĶǹˡ
˵Ķԣ̫ӵ²Ӧġ
ټڲţҪǼָ͹ͻ飬̫ӵҲֹ˰
ïʵ˵˵û˵̫ӵа취
ͷ˵ϣ̫ӵа취ֹ
޹İο£Ѿƽ
Ǹո̫ˣԭ˼֣˵һ˯ˡ
ݵڻجΣһֱڴߣһֱ֡
Ϊߣ˯źûΣ˯ķǳȡ
գîʱĿ̣סڸƫԕDˡ
ïʵԥ£ǰεׯ̫ܲһ¸ԕD˵ˡ
ŵԕDԭЩ⣬ïʵĻʱɢ
˵ĶԣԵ֮ǰòõȢͷû뵽Ȼεׯ̫ܲ󣬶һεׯ̫ܲǰľǡȥһңˣѵεׯ̫ܲһ¸֪ô
ͷ˵ãϾȥҡ
ţԕDȥڡ
ڻ˯Ĵߡ
ԕDСʵСû°ɣ
ݶԕDЦЦټѾûˣĵȥϳɡ
СһҹŵɣȥϢɡ
˵Ҳۡ
ԕD֪ݶڸ飬ô˵Ҳǿ
ȥϳˡ
ȥɡ
糯ûʲô顣дʦҲԕD˵Ͼ˵ˣ̫ӵҲ
ȻЩС顣
ԕDϳһʱգĹ۲죬Ѿдǵļ
ȻϳĴ󳼶ĳĳǲšһһǷΪĸ塣Ȼ岩Ϊ׵壬ĳеλȨߵġ
ЩĳֳĹƽʱϳʱĦǵ佫ʱȴֱ÷ǳŽᡣ
Ϊ׵ΪλȨأҪٽһһΪֲ͢һˡ
ҪһСֶηǳ࣬˴š
ʱѾȥҡ
ƽ磬ȻȥңҪû𣬾Щˡ
ҲϻֱӰεׯ̫ܲһ¸˵ˡ
ټҽһټ㣬̫ӵ˵Ӧ֪ô
⻰һ漴˵֪ô
̫ӵ»˵ˣ㳹״ټȢ뷨˵̫ӵ˵ֵʱ֪ʲô
ͷһв¶һ˿־
һ̫ӵ·ġ
ˣʱʱ꾩ʧ
ԣ¶ɫǺ⣿ʲô꾩ʧ
ˣ̫ӵµ˼ʱҪ꾩԰͵ϼңʱҪڹټҵǰ𣿡
ĵһǺܿ־
ˣվͰȥϼҡ
ôʶȤŻЩˣǾ鷳ˡ
˳ϻ̳Ͽֵ˵ܹˣǳġ
ֽ䣬뿪ҡ
Ȳ뿪ǷϵϡȻ᲻ȥϼңڲòȥϼҴꡣ
˰ѹټҽ˽ùټҰȥϼһ£ǿһҪ
ү˿϶Ӧġ
ҪǲӦһȥͻϼҡ
ϼңҪ𣿡
ҾҪˡ˵ڶˣǰ̫ӵһ¡Ȼ̫ӵֻ꣬ȴһ㶼Сֱڣ̫ӵ±̫ӵµĻôȹټҲˣ̫ӵ¾Źҡ
Ǹӡ֪֮Ի򸣿⣬ʹġҪٻҲ⸻󱳺ΣաȥŰɡ
ǣү
뵽ټҶΣĵε̾˿
Ȼø̫󣬵ȵ۲ûвǡ˽λݣҡ
ʵ㲢Թ޹ټҲĸסǶԹټõİšǣټȴʼն鹢ڻ
УˣȻϣ˺һټˡ
ȥҽ˽
ټҡ
˾ˣ
лټҡ
ӣеѯڵ״
ڸˣûʲô󰭣Ҫһʱա
ô˵ͷ˲١
Ҳĵѯҵ˵һû£ڲҪġ
һҳھ͸˵ΡһᵽΣһľǱͱһ
ټңʵ㲢ԹΪ֪ȵôõģǶ㣬Ƕ˵õİš
݋ݣôܲԹ
ټңĲԹ˵֮ǰȵ۾͸̸飬Ӧ顣Խ˵ֻҪúõľͺá
݋ݲԹôĿ
ټң˵Ҫɼҵ뿴ΪһһʱΪ̫̫࣬㲢ĿǲΪǸʱû
𣿡һɡ
˼㲡صʱ򣬳ȥ˵˺ܶࡣϣԶҪ֪ĸһ¡
Ϊʲô֪뵽ʲôüͷݺһ壬Ϊ𣿡
ǣΪ㲻ÿǷ⻰˺ģ֪Ҫǵ֪ԼʵݺһöԲ
݋
ģΣֻܸ顣˿˿ڣȻ÷ǳ࣬ټңζĻ룬ġ㲻ԹҲԹ̫෴ܸл̵̫ĺܺá˵һ̵ô㡣˵ȵԶ̫ǶԵġ
һ㵣ôܣ
ģ˵ټңǾÿǷ㣬ԲŻΡ
𣿡
ټң뷢ÿǷΪε˵һֱöԲ飬֪ô룬ھġ
ټңô꣬һֱڲңô๻ˡ˵ĳǾöԲ㣬Բңֲң⡭ʶ̫أһܲסġ
𣿡һֱԼĻ
ˣ͹ˡæټңҪֲˣĳܲˡ
Щ꣬ԽǶҺãԽǵսľŽᣬĿ־嵣˵
ⷬ󣬾Ŀࡣû뵽ҵĲô
ټң֪ӭȢȻû£֪ڻô룬ټңҪõģǸı壬˱֡һᷴԵġ
Ҫø¼޵ң˵治ĻẦҵġ
Щõ˵ôẦң
ټң޵ܣҲûκĶ裬ЩҵĶ裬Ѿúܶ˶Ҳˡ˿ĵȰ˵ټңҵ²λø¼޵ң˻ôң
ΨһĹǴΨһĹ޲޵£ǹı壬ӭȢ
ټңҪٰҷڻϿˡ˺Ȼֲ˵ҹλأһ亹
˾ˣ
ټңҪù¼޵ҡ˹ڵϣӦֻܡֻܡлˡ
˾ˣڱ˵Ļŵˡ
˹ڵϣͷŵ棬ټңˡ
ζӳ¡
ټңΪ˽㣬Ҳô
ڿ˿ڵϿధˣɫǳӡ
΢΢عڵϡ֪ⷬǹټҲ죬Ϊҵδòô˵ߣԼҲӭȢ
˾ˣ޴Ӧ㣬ɡʵ˸ղǷ˵ķǳԡ
лټңмվ
˾ˣû뵽޵Ĳ˲
ټңǳ֪ôǳСһƬ⡣֣̿ټңܺãĺܺãĸˡ
֪ˡôǶԵġ
߳ڵ޹ʱѱ亹ʪˡ
ԕDպ³һȳһ߳üͷ
˿ԕDȻһæ񣺡̫ӵ¡
ү𡣡
л̫ӵ¡΢΢ֱԕD
үǿԕDע⵽˵ɫЩ԰ףͷϻ亹Ųµôˡүɫ̫ãˣ
ټҲûǳ˹ټҵһƬġ̹ϲ˵һֱûǸӡ̫ӵ¡ֻҲ˵ѳѹĵײĻ˵˲١
ȻѸ޸⡣
̫ӵ·ģѾټ˵ˣټҲ뷨ȻղŸټ˵ʱܺ£ǹټҲˣǺڹټҲû
ǾͺáԕDͷ
̫ӵ£ˡ
үߡ
߳ʹϲ¶һĨظЦݡصңͷˡ
˵֪Ҫ͵ϼңȻɡ˴ӹл͸󳳴һ޶ϵҲԸȥϼҡ
ȻټҴӦ˻ǲ̫ģǾ͵ϼңϼҴꡣ
ô֣˲Ϊұʾ֣͸һȥϼҡΪŻвˣ˵һȥϼҡ
ô˵ͳȫǳǿӲذһ͵ϣҶǿǡǰ·ܻΨʡ
˼ģˣѾˣѾȥϼҵĴϡ
˵Ĵ֪̫ӵ¶˵Ƿ޳ʱߡ
ߣ̫ӵ¾һֱң˵Ǻ¡
ԕD֪˰ˣǲ졣ô⡣
ܻʺֵԕDĶͷвأ
ҿûСԕDڳһ޹ı飬Ӧˣ˾Ȼˣû뵽ġ
ܻʺؿһԕD漴Ц㰡
һԕD°˵û뵽ôʶȤİͳ꾩
ǱŵġܻʺЦ
ǲвѡԕDЦһôɰôء
ܻʺ󱻶ⷬ޳ܡĻЦˣԶԶԣǕDDɰһҲˡ
ԕDЦɫ˵ôʶȤ֪̫֮ˡ˵꣬˵һ䣬˵˾ˣôû˰㡭ûа˵塣ʱ治á
ܻʺ֪Ҫ˵ʲô¶С
Ҫ֪㱳ô˵ᱻġ
݋㲻˵Ͳ֪ԕD˫ڰˡıӦòᷢˡ݋ݣպɵúúõظѡ
Ļ£Ҳ岻ܻ֡ʺѡԸѡġ
۹ⲻãҲġԕD݋ھͿԸѡˣѡ簲ġ
ǻ꣬㵹ͦżġ
ȼٸҷǾˡΪ˸Ļ£ǲġ݋ݣھͿʼɫɡ
УҰиҡᵽ£ܻʺ뵽˶ӣء
ʲôԕDһĳ
֮ǰټó˵Ůź㣬ûǰɣ
²ǹȥô
Ůźһ¹ȥˣǸŮһ²ûйȥܻʺԭ˵ģǽ˸Ļ£ͳû˵˵Һ͹ټҵ˼һŮӣԽһ𳤴󡣡
ȿȿȿȿȡԕDһڵǺɤ˺ðͣǣ݋Ҫ÷С޲°
Сһ𳤴󣬲𣿡ܻʺЦ˵Сһ
ǣ݋ݣҲ꣬ڸ˵£ǲ̫ˣ
ˣСһ𳤴֪ϲã˽㣬𣿡ܻʺһ۶ӣҪʮ󣬴Ǹѡ̫ѡһ㲻Ϥϲģ
ԕDû̫һ¡
݋ݾѡһŮСһ𳤴Ǳ˴Ϥȳˣǲĥϡܻʺ݋ݻúý̵ŮΪպȥոʮݣûк֮ǡ
݋ݣǸŮΪҶ𣿡ԕD΢΢üͷ˵ǸŮ̫ƽˡ
ܻʺ󱻶仰£Ϊε˵DDϵŮӣĸΪɷΪӶ
仰˵ԕDĬˡ
݋ݵģȻ㳤ҪȢһιѡ̫ܻʺ̾һ˵ҲϣԺҺ͹ټһ𣿡
ԕD˿ܻʺͷס
Ǿ݋ݵĻܻʺӵС݋ݻϸذѡѡϲġ
݋ݣһС֪ʲôϲ
ܻʺ¶ӵСӣЦĺܣǰװ
݋ݣǲѾѡأ
һѡҵŮ꣬ý㡣
ԕDܻʺô˲뵽һˡǸ˺ʵ࣬ܶ꣬ӦòǸˡ
˭
ϡ
ȿȿȿȿȡԕDٴα݋ݵĻǺˣϣϲӦøʵôôֻꡣ
ôʶܻʺЩ⡣
ʶڲܼ˵ԕD㵣ϱҴꣿ
ԣꡣܻʺʵϱꣿ
⵹ǡĸϸʷϵĸϵͲһ
ŮһЩȽϺãչ˺㡣ܻʺϺܴءܶ¡
݋ݣɡû̫һ¡ڣͻȻ£һ°
ãú롣ܻʺ֪һͻȻ£ӿ϶һʱܲˣøһʱöӺú롣ʱ䣬݋ݰϽнһ档㲻ϲǾˡ݋ݾ
áʷϵĸϸܻʺһܸɣҲ
ܻʺû˵ϣתƻ˵ϵ飬ԕDǡ
ԕDķǳ档ǳ
݋ûϳǶԳõľȴһ
ܻʺһԕDͻظˣҪӡ
ÿϿĲǽյĄӣǿǰĹĄӡ
ǰĄӣɲֻС£кܶ¡
žһԕDеĄӺݺݵˤϡ
ڿĲһŵӶ££ôˣ
ˡԕDһߵ˵Ӯģ˲پʳġ
£㲻֪𣿡
֪ۿǻԕDеĄӣӮķǳƯıֲҪǮġԕDԽԽôġ
ֽӹӿ˿ȻҲˡ
̫ˡ
ïʵԕDòᣬϽοǵ£ܳǴӮˣǴˣζǮĻɡ
޺޵һȺͷ
Ǯϰղ𣿡ԕD̼ˡ
£ԺҪİٱǧػǡ
ǵȻЩǶǮʱҪһֲظ³ԕD飬Ȼᱻ˯šˣҪȥݼŷɱˡ
·İɣûʵ£㲻ȥ
ȥˣŷ˼ɡԕD˵Ҫ˵ˣʹȥ̫ңֵǡ
Уǽˣȥ̫㡣
ͬʱ̫ѧѧֵΪҪȥݼŷޣ˷ܵؾ顣
磬Ҿҽ˯žԼؿڣ磬ڵķǳ죬оҪ
ޣҲǡ޺á
ҪǸھͺˡ޸ϽڲѹѹΪʲôǸȥŷиڣǾͲˡ
˵ô£ûȥ˰飬Ϊ̫ţһֶûпȥռŷǿɲʧ̬
磬֪ˡ
һ磬̫ѧȥŷޡ


60 
, ԕDԽȥ̫֣Ȳǡ
ԕDûȥԺֱĶ, ߿ߵǡ
Խһ佫ԭϲ, ǱԕDҪÿ춼նѧϰ˿, ԕD, ؿ
ղμ̫ѧѧ, վȲֿ̫顣
ֵ̫Ļƶӡǳһϳ, ĵѯ̫ѧѧԿô
ԼǺĵ, ԼܿϣԻƲ˵ô˵ȻԵ̫Ըǫ˵ԼŬˣ֪ܲܿϡ
Ƽɫ, ֪һ, ֹϲĲһ̫ܿѧС﹧ϲˡ
æ, һǫѷ˵һһ
, Ƴµ־, Сιơ濯˴ӹĹգҪǸȤ, ԿȻ, ƲֻƼµ־ιơÿһ, ƶƼһ顣
ԣ˫۶ʱһɫЩ˵Ҫ
ƼȤһϲæ˵ԵȣСø
鷳ˡʷӼ鼮ϲ鼮
ƺܿ͸һοȻϸΪܵӣǵһڵġοҪߵķչʷȻص㽲̫磬Ժúÿ
ллһúÿġ˵꣬ʵÿһڿǵݶһ𣿡
ǵȻƸϽӣιơ·һΣһڷ۵ʮҪҪ򣬿ɱǴӡ
ҼˣллҡлȥĶˡ

šιơǰڵĶңǰˡ
ɨһڣûλ׼Ҹ顣
ߵʱȻһϤӰΪԼˣǰϸؿ˿Լûпˣǻϲؽеۣ
ԕDרעؿ飬ͻȻ˺ۡΪˣ̧ͷ˹ȥֲǣòǳ⡣

ԣҡԕDղЩ㶣ΪԕDʶˣ׼˵˭ʱû뵽ԕDǸˡ
ԕDվһϲ˵꾩˰֮ǰ뿪ʱ򣬻ȥҹԕDǸʱԕDѾعˣµɮ˰˵һ
ǰ꾩ˡЦ˵֮ǰȥ㣬㲢£û뵽̫㡣
˵ԵԕDû뵽ٴμΪϴ뿪꾩ʱͲ꾩û뵽ʱ£ٴ꾩
ʱԕD˶ǣʶﲻ˵ĵطСض˵ȥԺ˵
ҲĶҵ˶ڿǣǸղЩʧˡ
á
漴ԕDȥֵ̫ĺԺ
ֵ֪̫ĺԺʲôģǻԱûʸ롣һνԺԺµĻ𺳵ˡ
ԕDҪ
ûһлƶˮˮġ
ۣ㾹Ȼֵ̫ĻԱˣ˵ֵ̫ĻԱѵõģ㡭
ԕDڰ֣ҲǻԱôСſʼ飬ֵ̫ͨĻԱˡ
ɻĵطֵ̫ĻԱ˵Ŀ֮ǰȻǹڵĻԱĿҲǳѡ
㡭
Ҽһݿ֣ǲݵĹŽġԕD˵꣬תƻʵô꾩ˣ
꾩μ̫ѧѧԣոտꡣ
μ̫ѧѧԣԕDһȣ֮ǰôû˵
ҲͻȻҪ̫ѧ˼ЦЦԭûп̫ѧĴ㡣
ôͻȻҪ̫ѧϴθ棬ҲֻǴҴҵ˵˼仰ûٴԕD˵ľϲ
Ϊ̫֡˵꣬ɵغˡ
ԕDشˣΪ̫֣
֮ǰֿ̫鱻̫鼮𺳵ˡԼ̫ѧЩΣǸԕD˵ˡ˵꣬ǵͨ졣
ԕDĿɿڴ˰ŻعЦ磬̫ѧɺǿ󰡡
ԭΪԕDЦû뵽ԕDȻ
磬۹ŶԕDЦ˵̫кܶûе顣
ԕDĻЦˣΪЦҡ
Цʲôܶѧϲְ̫ԕDһ˵̫̫ѧְ
ԕDô˵ͷˡ
̫ȷкܶûп顣
ԕDƼ̫Ƴıֽ־ÿһݶһ㿴ġ
ۣݺҵһμ֡
ǣȫҲֻ꾩̫֡ԕDԱһƼ̫顣
֮ǰƼٴԕDƼҲӷķǳ档
磬̫ѧѧԿôԕDԼһ׳յ⣬ĲŻһ̫ܿѧ
ҾԼĻܲܿϣҾͲ֪ˡ⻰˵ķǳǫ顣
һܿϡԕDָ̫ѧ
̫ѧô˽⡣̫ѧĿģȫΪ꾩ԕDĽܣ̫ѧЩһûô⡣
ˣ̫ѧﻹѣһһޡԕD˵Ǵ̫֣ʱʶպ̫ѧ໥֧֡
𣿡ûдһ˹꾩ܽѣǵȻõġôãӦҲܺá
ģֵҲǳвŻԕDһٲʺƨ
һֵԽȤˡ
ԽһԣĬĬسŵģԕD졣
ƽʱ٣Ǹ˵ȴǳࡣϤ˿һСĵôģһᾪ°͡
꾩һʱˣһκͱĵôˡ
ԕD֪Ȥιơ`йݡ
⻰ǳˣʾһȵġ
ʱˡ
޼ԕDǳˣԕD͸˵ŷ޵顣ʱûп
վһ˵ݼŷޣصԲ˫ۡ
ԕD˵𾢶˼ǣֻ˵˵꣬ӡʱǷһûмİˡ
ҸǽܰλԺǮأոողμ̫ѧѧԡԕDܵ磬Ҹոոֵܡ
ԕDĽ£ֵʶˡ
ǼԕDѣּһ˲ţвŻӡǳá
ûһͺ
ָԕD˵ŷ޵飺ۣŷѧôû˵
ԕDһ޹û˵𣿡
صͷû˵û˵
ΪҸ˵ˡԕDգգۣ漴һ˵ԭû˵֪ˡ
ۣŷѧˡ
ǵģŷҡʫԕD˵꣬ȻٺٵزЦޣŷѧҾǵʦ˰
ŷ޽ռֵǳϲԸԸѧֵȻǳ⣬ŷΪʦ
޼ԕDЦĸСһƻ˲ɵʧЦ
һʦ֡ԕDҡͷԵЦš
޶һۣ漴վؾصԕD˸񣺡ʦ֡
ԕDû뵽һæվȥǡ
ҸǿЦģǻ񰡡
ǵʦ֣ǸӦõġϳеʦ~~~
ҲŽеʦ֣
ԕDǽеĺǲ˼һ˵ǽʦ֣ôï}ûŰǻǽҸ۰ɡ
ǴЦ
ԕDʱŷڶյصۡ
ˣҪȥ̫ѧ飬Ǻúõظ˵˵
ð޾ϸظ˵˵̫ѧ
ˣסԺӣһǿյģסһɡ
𣿡ʶˣȻԸסһ
Ȼԣ˵һͺá
Ǿ鷳ˡ
֣ˣѣӦõġ
ԕDһԣŲǸ˵̫ѧ顣ţͻȻ뵽һ飬ʷϵϲ׼ȷ˵ܶ˲ϲ
ʷʷڡ
ڣǳΪѣӦòʷɡ
ʱˣԕDʱˣǸûȥˡ
ԕDһţ컹Ҫ糯ϵûȥ㡣
硢ޣҵûȥˡ
ۣ㲻˵ҪһȥҹгԺõ𣿡
ޣԲסˣ£Ҳܻؼ̫ԕDһǸ˵пˣǣʱǳҹ̸
ۣȥɡ
ȻȥˡԕD磬ҪʲôҪæҰǡ
˵磬㾡ǡ꣬һ硱ûдۣǻչ˺ģİɡ
ҾͷˡԕDֶ˵磬ʱ䣬Һæʱûճ㡣пˣֱȥ̫ѧǡ
ۣ㲻õҡŲµԕDݲ򵥡
ˡ
ǰԕD͵ֵ̫Ĳſڣţ
ԕDǰ̫ٻ̫ѧ
ȻܾԕDĺ⣬ֵ̫ĺԺ
ţϣ顣
ԕDʶθ˵˵
ûпʲô֮ԕDΪʲôôչ
ԕD߲Ҫòȡˣʾвѧһܲ
ԕD˵Ŀ⣬ŷġ
˵˵ǺŷΡ
ŷһǾͿǡ˵һʼܽţشʱЩͰͣܿͲˡ
ʲôأ
ܿʲô徭ƲƲ˵ҹĿκȴȫˡ
ǵĲŻ徭ⶼ𲻶ԣǾˡԕDǳģǾŷƼǡ
⵹ǣŷֿǵºʫʣǵ޲ڡûд£ŷϲǣȻԸԸѧʹӦˡ
û뵽ҴϳһʦͽԵ
˵ҾŷǿϲΪѧġ
ԼûвŻûдŷŷῴҵΪѧ˵ѧԕDǵŷ޵ѧпˣٰܸŷʶͬΪѣܺ˱ˡ
ʱգΪЩ֮ǰ˯ڵѵʱԽԽ࣬˯ʱԽԽ١
ԕDÿ˳ȥڣϳʱ˵
Ϊûд£ЩС£Ҳᷳġ
ÿԕD˵곯е飬Ҳ̵ôЩС¡ʵڸߣ͸ԕD˵ˡ
գ˳ԕDȥڡ
Ϊڵ٣
Ĳ˵˵ټǷǳտģ鲻ƽ
˼ԕDˣ˸񣺡̫ӵ¡
ԕDͷ˸񣺡
ڶԕD֣ȰЦ˵˵ϳʲô飿
̫ƽûзʲô£һЩС¡ԕDڵĴߣ糯ϴ飬һһʮظ˵ˡ
˸ԕDһ裺̫ӵ£ò衣
ллԕDֽӹյ
ĵȥÿԕD³˵ǳʶȤȥ̸¡
˵飬ʶô
ԕD˵Ҫ飬ԕDᡰƽϡ޳ǵĴȻǣ£ģԲЭ飬Ҳ˵
һԕD뿪ˣȥܻʺ밲
ݺͲܻʺڰӡ
ٹʱǶˣܻʺǰӡ
ԕDȸܻʺһԣһߺ̲衢ŵģһ߿ܻʺǰӡ
ܻʺĵѯ糯ûзʲô飬ԕD˵ӣһС£ûʲôҪ顣
˵СºãټҾͲõġ
ܻʺӣͣԕDĶ棬ʵ֮ǰ݋ݸ˵飬㿼ǵôأ
ԕDһ̲һãȻʵʲô飿
ܻʺӲǵãΪεЦ£ϵ顣
ϣԕDһʱû˭ͷʺŵʵ˭
װܻʺֵԕDĶͷϣı㡣
ŶԕD˭ˡ
ǵôأܻʺ΢΢˵Ҫ݋˵û롣
ԕDЩ飬£ԲܻʺֺõЦЦ݋ݶҵ飬죬ܻʺԕD˵˺ԕD뿪֮Ժˡ
ܻʺûˣװ֪
㿼ǵôϣ
ԕDܻʺǳΣա
ܻʺشǳ⣬ضԶЦЦãգҾϽ
݋ݣо仰Ҳò˵ԕDСؿڡ
ʲô
ܵǲǲ̫ãΪһִˣĽܲ˱׽顣
ܻʺüʵʲôã
ѪԵϵԕDϴʵ˵ѪԵϵһ𲻺á
ܻʺΪʲôãԭΪ
ûѪԵϵԷˡ
ûѪԵϵԕDһ죬ϲŮôôܸûѪԵϵ
ŮŮǲܻʺýŮý㵱·߼񵽵ġý˺üӣһֱҪŮ֮ǰСӵʱѲԺҲ޷Сү͸һŮ
ŮԕDŮ
ԣŮ赱·߼񵽵ġܻʺ˵Ȼϲģ缺
ԭԕDĵһŮͲãȻĽܲˡ
ڷ˰ɣܻʺû뵽ӻûѪԵϵû߱ܳɻܳ˶ͲС
ˡԕD˵꣬ʵûаҹĸ
ҹûҵӦöˡܻʺ¶ཱུСϲ֪ŮɲҪǰ˵©ˡ
݋ݣģҾԲ˵ģԕD˵꣬״ұ֤
ڶӵı֤ܻʺǷĵġ
Ǿͺá
ʱһ죺̫ӵ£ܺõŶ
СԕDʵʲôʱ
üǰҲϢСﳤ÷ǳˮƯ˵ϸģǳйأȸСȴȸء
ԕDһͷˮôûмÿҪĽգܼҶ˽ܺãȷûмϡ
Ǹʱȥ£ûм⼸꣬Ͼĸ׽ܻʺ밲ǣÿʱԕDȥ£һֱûм档
ŶŶŶ
̫ӵ£ĺܲЦһ붮йأҾ͸ˡ
⺢ۡᵽŮܻʺοȻĸ׺͸ǳţȴûа㽾ݡ
Ǹ֪὿ʲôݵ٩ԕD̫ӵ£ϲϵġ
𣿡ԕDһ˵ϲϲҼ˵ʵ݋˵ĶԣȳˣȢǸѡ̫ȢһСһ𳤴ˡߣæûʱȥ̸˵ûʱȥĥϡ
һСģʡ˺ܶ顣˵˴Сһ𳤴󣬱˴˵ӺͰöʮ˽⣬ദҲȻ
϶ϲġ˵ķǳƶ
ԕDɫ˵Ŷ
ܻʺ˵һԕDʹŲظˡ
ڻȥ·ϣЦķǳ£ϽĺƯŶ

ҵȻЦе˵£ϽɺˣǳᡣǶϲϲһ档
𣿡
ͷϽ㲻ƯҲǳ˵꣬æ˵һ䣬˶˵Ͻùá
݋ݣ񣿡
 ùһɡ
݋һ⵹ġʷϵĸϸܻʺһβܣ
£Ͻܺõġһ˵Ͻĺܺã
߶߶ظԕD˵˺ܶڸϵ顣
ԕDԸһԵܵӣǿЦá
ص˸鷿˵ϣԕDЩͷˣֻס͡
֪ϽܺãԱ𣿡
£漴ɵصͷ
ԕD֣ڲֱϲ˲֡
£ôЩ˰
ʱˣԕDϿΡ
ԕDÿ˳ܻʺ밲󣬾ͻ顣
ǰʱ䣬ԕDˡӡѧѧ
ϵʱγ̲Ž
ԕDȥڵ޹һš
жһţڵθڻúܶࡣ
ţԕDڸһ¡
݋ݸ˵˰ɣ
˵ˡԕDͷ݋սҼ
޼ǸĹʵڲϣԕD̫ǲܼˣǲò˵ܻʺŮ涼㣬ԕD
ԕD⻰ǳԾ⡣
ڱ⸱ŵı鶺ˣʲô飿
ԕD˿ڣζ˵˵㲻Ӧ÷Ȣܼҹ𣿡
ǲȢܼҵĹ̫Ǹȷܲǿ㡣
㲻ԣ
պոʮôôȢܼҵĹǶԵġһ˵
㲻Ƿոʮ𣿡ԕDֵڣô񲻷ոʮݣ
޷𣿡û˵޲ˣ㻹ǻոʮݣ𣿡
ԕDԣ¶㵣˵ˡ
޾֪ڵݣҪոʮݣôܼҶ˵ͷǳҪȢܼҵĹǸܼҳһŶ裬ܼһȫ֧㡣
ԕD룬㲻ȢϣܼҲȫ֧
ߣҲǸ߼ҵŮ仰⡣
ԕD˲仰˼û
ڼ˼ЦСûĵģΪ롣
ԕDվ񣺡л
ָԕD㰡Σֳ硣ԡ
㷴ԲҪ
üͷ޷ԲҪ
ԕD׵вͬҪǾٺãҲ⣬һж̸̯˵Ҳǲһ𳤴ģ㷴ԲҪ
ڱ⻰ЦˣС
ԕDʼ˵ҿ˵
Ǳߣܻʺôȥһ˸߼ҡ
ѲܻʺĻһֲת߷ˡ
߷˺Ȼʮּ
˵ˣһҪú׼
߷״˼ס˵꣬æѯʲٹԕD飬˵ԕDϲʲôϲʲôϲʲôϲʲô
ԕDϲã޾ϸظ߷˵ˡ
ˣ̫ӵϲϲ֡
ľ֡
У̫ӵºܴϻۣǧҪǰˣĻǳض߹ʲôֱ̫ӵǰ˵ʲô
߷⻰ɫһݵص˵ͷ֪ˣʲô𣿡
ûʲôˡ߷˺ǽţЦЦʵ̫ӵºܺദģø߹̫ӵ²Ҫִ̫١
ϻ̫ӵ¸ճʱûм̫ӵ²ܲšҲкüûм̫ӵ¡
Ҳ̫¡ָ߷˵˻뿪
߷԰Ѵ͵ſڣȥܼҰѸϽ˻
һ߷˵Ҫ̫ӵ£һĵʱòͬʱҲǳڴ


61 
պ, ߷˴ŸϽ
ܻʺȸ߷ǡ
߽݋ݣ߷ˡ
Ͽǽ
ûһ, Ÿ߷˽
߷˴Ůܻʺ񣺡ʺݡ
㣬𡣡ܻʺɫһϲ, ǰַ߷ˡ
лʺ
ݴŸϣСƤ𪣬پ, 
ϰ, 겻Խˡ
˸񣺡ݡ
ǰ, סϵ˫, ԽԽϲ
ϸﳤе񡣡
߷ϲ⻰Ц˵и, еʺ
ܻʺЦ, ҳ, ȻҲһ㡣
ݿ˿ܻʺ, ֿ˿߷ˣȤ߷˾˫һ
Сʱ, Ҹȥ, ҶΪ˫ӡܻʺŸ߷Ҳʾ
ܻʺ͸߷Ȼýã˳ĵȷСʱ, ߡ˷, ߳ȥľΪ˫ӡ, ˳, òСʱô, Ҳġ
ɲôǸʱҺﾭƭ˼˵˫ӣ⻥˴ƭ档߷Сʱ飬ʧЦ˱ƭת
˺ϡû뵽СʱôƤ
СʱĹ࣬ʹһЩ¡߷˹̾˿˵Сʱͱʺġ
㣬ĻҲٰܻʺ󲻷˵СʱҲû°
߷˺ͲܻʺһЦΪܼҵĹǲ˼ҵĹСͱֹСʱǳڡ
Ÿ߷˺Ͳܻʺ˵Сʱ飬־ú־Ľ
߷˵˵ž͸пû뵽һʺ
ܻʺ̾ԼҲû뵽
߷ŲܻʺЩۡ
ܻʺԸ߷˰ЦЦתƻ⵽ϣһʱûϺ񳤸˰
Щ˼˵Ǳ֮ǰЩ
ܻʺĵѯʸϵ˵ʲô飬ʲô
ȻܻʺǳУʷ϶Ĳܻʺ󣬸ﻹƲסĽš
ЩܻʺҪţﵱԼҡ
һʼЩŲǽؾͷ
ţĵԕDϡ
Һþûм̫ӵˣ̫ӵһ˰ɡ֮ǰüθ߷˴ϽܻʺǶԕDˣһֱûмԕD
ᵽӣܻʺϲ¶һĨЦݣ˲١
ݽŲܻʺĻ˵̫ӵ²˲٣ˡ
˵̫ӵʱڰټҼټϳ߷˹ĵʵ̫ӵ²꣬ټϳ𣿡
ڸ߷ߵĸ룬̫ӵ¿ɲСӡ
ɲ£²ܻʺЦһʼҲỹ²׵ˡ
̫ӵ°ټҼټҲܰĵ΢ЦټҶ̫ӵ¼⣬һֱ̫ӵĺá
߷һ𾪣̫ӵ²ôǻȮӰ
㣬ɲҪȻǳġܻʺô˵ﻹǷǳ佱Ķӡ
̫ӵ¸Сʱһ߷⻰ԕDˣְѲܻʺˡ
СʱûܻʺЦ⣬Ҳû󵨡
߷ͽʤ

ܻʺ߷˵ԕDø߷һһ㶡
ϰţĬĬ˵λûиǴԽʿŪִ̫֣Ū̫硣λҪѻ|ҩľŪ
˼ҴԽִܰһЩĶԽʲôŪͬǽ˾Ϊʲô˼Ūôණʲô
ֵ̫ĳ֣øϷһ硣λʶ£ֵ֪̫ϰ˭ֵ֪̫ϰ̫ӵ£Ͼ֪̫ӵһ
Դӵ֪̫ӵ磬һ̫ӵ£úõһġһ棬Щ¼̫ӵ¡
֪λǸʲôˣҲ֪λǲԸһ硣
ˣ̫ӵ绹ıܡܻʺ˼̫
̫飬˺ܾá
δ檺ĵٰ݋ݣҲС檡Ϊִ˵ȻܲԺɷ檣Ҫһһޣʱܡڵļһ檵ɷӦûҵġǣļǲ¼޵ġ
Ȼ͋݋ݺ۰ǲڻܼ˼ң϶݋ݾ
ҪˣֻܽܡҪܣҲίԼʵ̫Ժʺ̫
̫ͦõģ벻õĳԲůû˸۸
ĵľǹȻִˣǲ̱ߡڹⷽ棬˵Ķ֡
ĵľԺ̫Ȼͱʲô̫Ӳûˣһ
飬ʱĲϡ
ȿλ̫ӵǸʲô˰ɡ
̫ӵ£ҪҪԱݰ
Լ˼ţûܻʺ͸߷̸
ϣϣϣܻʺϻûκηӦ
߷˼Ůڷ̧Ůֱۣϣ
ͻȻ£ŵöһ£݋ݣ
ʲôأʺ㼸ûзӦ
΢΢˵ûʲô˵꣬վܻʺ˸񣬡ʺǸСŮʧˡ
£⺢̫̫ˡܻʺһº͵˵DDСҪ¡
⻰ֻ¶һֲʧòЦݡ
ôܲ£
鳬ţŵĶðˡ
DDܿɰģ㲻Ҫ¡
ֻܵͷ˵֪ˡȻϵһ̫ӵ¼棬ģٱ̫ӵλΣﻹ̲ס
˵ʵϱӲμӸ߿ûô²
ܻʺϻһӲڵģذοһЧôá
ˣϼDDͲ
ܻʺôһЩСʳƽʱԕDԵ㡢̲衢˫Ƥ֮ĳԵġ
ϳһ硱ĵģϰµ΢Щ
һ߳żĵģһԼͬǴԽʿ̫ӵ²ִܰһЩ߿ƼĶŪִܰʳʲôûǡԽʿˡ
˵ŪִóԣǼҳĺóԣ
ܻʺ¸ϽţûĵسԵġ
߷˼Ů˵һֱĬĬسԵģҲ֪ΪҲˡ
ʱϳԕDʱ֪ˡ
糯ûʲô£ȴһС顣
д࣬˵ʿռء
ԕDʵʿΪʲôҪռأ
Ĵ˵ΪʿԵŻռũء
ԕDϣʳָôεķ֣ʵʿأ
̫ӵµĻʿѾѺΡ
ԕDվǰʵûΪʲôռأΪŰŰռص𣿡
̫ӵ£ⲻʿһǿũء˵ǾǼũ۸ԼʿԲŻռũء
󳼷׷׸˵֮ǰнʿԵ޹ʰռũءֹˣнʿǿ
Ͼͱַʿᡣ
վſڵĲڮٽʿĺ޲óȥۡ
ֻнʿǿ𣿡ԕDޱؿŴǣ֪ЩҲǿũأǿŮ
⻰һ˵ԭЩֵĳ˲ð
ԕD˫Ϭɨһ۴ǣĮˣֹнʿҲ
Щһʱ䲻˵
̫ӵ£Ȳû֮¡
ûļ˻߼û𣿡ԕDĿؿſڵĴǣһû𣿡
⻰ʵЩһʱҭסˣΪǲұ֤ǵļ˻߼û
Ǹոյ˼ֻнʿǲŰ飬ȴôԕDԭ˵ʲôǼĳԽ˵Խ֣ȥˡʵҲ˵顣
ǸոǴʿʱôԼԕDǾͱȽʿǸأ
̫ӵ¡
д󳼿ڷԕḐֹˡ
Ҳڰｫʿ˵ǸղŵĻʧƫġǰԼ˵ķǳУѽʿ͵һǴʵأʿǷĴҲвˡԕDúܺЦ˾ûʿ˾ʹˣʲô
ԕD⻰˵Ĵƿԡ
Уո˵Ǹʿռأʶûʣ˵ΪŰռصġԕD÷ǳʿռǲԵģӦΪʲôҪôʶʣƾǰľ飬϶ԼʿǿӲũأǲǲףࣿ
ǰһȳԕD˸󹧾˵̫ӵ˵ĶԣӦʿΪʲôũء
ǸʿңΪʲôҪռũء
£鲻ʣȥʡ
ãھȥǸʿԕD˵꣬ïʵ
ïʵ⣬˳ȥȥΰʿ
¡
Ȼ糯ݵ΢ʿֱڴʾͿˡ
һС£ûҪֵʣΪǸʿ䡣
ԕD֪˵ʲôֱӴǣҺܺ棬Ҫʡ
ԕDô˵Ҳ˵ʲôˡ
ܿ죬ïʵͰѰռũصʿˡ
ʿͷңȫعڵϡ
վߵĴǿʿ⸱ɪɪģһǳ
Сʿһνǵһǵһμ̫ӵº󳼣Ȼ˵µһ仰˵
֮ǰĴ󳼳̫ӵ񡣡
ʿôһӿ־岻ȫĸˣҪ˵ͻȻʧһһ
ԕDʿľ㤣ֱߵʿǰ
ʿڵϣͷ۽⿴һĨɫ
ԕDʿǰǿһĻɫһ䣺²ɡ
м˹ȥ׼ԕDԶʿ
ԕDǻ˻֣ȥ
ҡ
ֻ˻ȥȫڽ䱸״̬ʿ˺̫ӵµĶһһʱȥ̫ӵ¡
ԕDʿļ򣬹ŴŴ˵ͷ̧
ʿһе㤾˲һ룬̧ͷһķǳƯСӶǰʱסˡ
ԕDʿЦЦʲô֣
ʿؿԕDǮġ
Ǯģ
ֹܰ
ڼеģ
ʿɵ㶵ģǵġ
磬㣿
һ㡣
ǼСģ
ǣһܵܺá
ԕDЦǼ˻ͦİ
˵˶áʱʿѾûٷˡ
ǼҾһ˵𣿡
ǣҲǱʿǳ˵Ҳģǻռصˡ
綼Ǳ
ǣǱ粻Ǳڼֵءʿ̫ӵ³ĺÿ˵̵ģﲻɵط
ĵ
ڱߵ˵ʿ¶һĨˣǰ꣬ɧűߣ类ɱˡ
ԕD⻰¶һĨȣû뵽ǰʿʿ
ĵ𣿡
ԣǽı
ǮģΪʲôҪũأԕDº֪ͣũǷġ
ʿصͷ˵֪
Ȼ֪Ϊʲô
̫ӵ£Ҳǲа
һԵĴ⻰
ʿŵˣæͷ
ԕḐͷؿһ۸ղſڵĴ󳼡
󳼱̫ӵ±񿴵ͷв¶һ˿֡
ǮģΪʲôУ
ʿֺˣ˵
ԕḐǮĵļ򣬹ڣ㲻¡ʲôԣԸ˵ĿпԭҿԿǲ㡣
⻰ʿ͵̧ͷ˫ĿڴԕD𣿡
ģԕDʿЦЦ˵̫ӣ˵㻰
ʿԥ̫ӵ£أһ˾û·ˡ
⻰׼ǳʿ̫ӵһɨŵһ仰˵
Ϊʲôûл·
̫ӵ£Ǽҵĵرˡʿڵϣɥ˵Ǽʮûе֣ûʳԣġ
ԕDüͷʵǼҵرˣ˭ˣ
֪ʿҡҡͷ˵̫ӵ£ǰԼҵĵأǱ˼ҵĵذ
˵ʲôԼҵĵأԕD룬¹Ȼ򵥡̧ͷһվһԵĴǣĿ䡣
̫ӵ£ƭֻѰҵĵû˼ҵĵءʿԕDһͷ˵Ȼû飬ǰ֪˼ҵĵǷġ
˭ҵĵأ
֪˭ֻ֪Ǽպ˵Ǽүǳ͢١ʿһ˵̫ӵ£Ǹرţ˰ҵĵأ˱˼ҵĵءȥۣǴˣе˱ץˣڻûлȥģǰؿŰ˱
ԕDʿһŭ֪˵ѡ
ҵĵأΪʲôȥ٣
̫ӵ£ûãЩٲϲǵģѹ۸ǵģ氳ʿ޺޵˵֮ǰһֵܣǼҵĵҲˣȥ٣Щٵ˵˱˼ҵĵأӣصڶûг֪ǻ
⻰üͷǳѿ
Щ󳼺飬¶־塣
ﻹȥ٣ֻԼȥˡ
㲻ȥ٣Ϊʲôǽ˵
һСȥҽʿֳԕDصؿһͷ̫ӵ£˵Ķ滰ȥ飬Ҫ˵һٻͲú˵꣬״
ãھ˲顣ԕD⣬࣬ȥ飬ж٣˭ռʿء
ǣ̫ӵ¡
ԕDǮ˵˵Ҳᷣ㣬ά㡣
̫ӵ£ҪֻͣҪҵĵء
ģҵĵػỹǡ
̫ӵ£˵ܲҲǣ
ǮĲǴˣԕDǶݣ˵󣬸˵һͻػǴˡ
ǮϲɫֶԕDͷлл̫ӵ¡
ǮģܰңܺãԕD޵
̫ӵ£Ǯķǳַǳж˵ʲôлԕDһʱ䲻֪˵ʲôá
ȥδ죬ͻỹһס
л̫ӵ£л̫ӵ£л̫ӵ£
ԕDïʵǮĴȥïʵʹ˸
ïʵ⣬ԕDͷ
ǮıȥԕD˫ؿһ󳼣֮ǰҪǮĺúõġǮڴ£Ҿģ
һ⻰֪̫ӵҪ¡
ԕDͻȻؽе
ڡҲĴ󳼡
ڸ߹£ô£ԕDصϣȫɢϡ
ɫ԰ףͶ¡
ԕDźȻ뵽ղǮĵĻɫ˲
ˣڳ͢٣˵ľɣ
ͨһ˫ȷͻȻ˵ϡ
ԕD⸱㤲ģ΢΢ۣǳ㣡
̫ӵԩǳûУûСڵϣ鿴ǳԩ̫ӵ
ԩԩ˵㡣ԕDȥϲ飡
ǣ̫ӵ¡
̫ӵ£ԩûСĻû˵꣬ͱǿӲȥ
ȺߺԕD󳼣漴ЦǺǣǽù´۽簡
ƽԕDԳơ¡ǮĵĻԳơ¡ɼʮŭ
ոַͬʿĴʱȴûһ˵
ʶʣֱӰ˼ҶԕDǻŭ𣬡ԩ˶ˣ
и󳼹ǰ̫ӵ£ղǸʿĻȫŰ
԰̫ӵ£ղǸʿѪˡ
̫ӵ£ʿĻţŰ
̫ӵ¡
ֻ࣡ԕD絶һؿŴǣǮ˵ǡ˵ԕDͣ£¶ȣ¾ģ
˵̫ӵ£ģһ¡ǮԣܹϢ
µǵĵԕD˵꣬ؿһ⣬࣬ϣǵĵùʧ
ǣ̫ӵ¡
𣿡ԕDʵ
ղŷЩ󳼻̻̲ﻹ˼ࡣ
ûС
ȻûˣǾ˳
ԕD뿪Щ󳼾͸ǱԹ˵̫ӵôһʿĻ
ؿһ˵ЩĴ󳼣˵û飬Ͳú±顣Ǻ±飬Ǿ˵й
⻰˵ЩǹԹԱ죬˵ʲô
ԕD˳ûȥڣǻص鷿
Ӽ岩
ԕDǽ
һԕD
ԕDûĮؿǣ࣬Ӧòǵһηǵڶûз֣ôµģ

֪ǿ佫û뵽ǾȻ佫˵زԕDԭûд˵佫һ£ǽǮĵ飬ʵˡʿǵرֱжʿŰأǰµ̬𣿡Խ˵ԽԕDץϵĲյݺݵˤڵϡ
վһԵĲԕDʢŭŵˡ˵ʲôһ仰Ҳ˵ˡ

ԕDһ뵽ǮĵĻɫԽѿǮĵĸΪ߾ɱǴεӢۣôģҵأԩܵܣôẮ˱߾ʿģԺ˭ԸⱣεı߾ػεİգԕDǮĵĻ
ΪÿǮĺɾΰ𣿡Ȼһֱ֪ĳżѹ佫û뵽ѹֵزֱ˷ָûнʿػ߾꾩ǻõվ𣿡
ԕDڣûжƿڴ˵Ҳ˺ܶࡣ
ôԴʿģǵأǼû֣ҪǼԕDһǺˣǿǴεĺóӣ
Ǳѵ޷˵Ҳû뵽Ȼд󳼾Ȼѹʿ˵ز˵Ҳǵ
̫ӵ𷣡
飬²飬鵽ףҪĴж飡ԕDߵҪ֪ǹٹ໤ܹȥĻû˵꣬ľвȴǳס
ɫ̫ӵ£ģһϲ£ô±ܹȥ
ǣǼˣԕDǷǳŵġУ˲Ĵ󳼣Ҳ²ЩȨ󣬿ûռũء
ǣ̫ӵ¡
ҪǮĺúõģ𣿡ԕDǮڴᱻĳЩ󳼰ɱ
ס
Ҫȥ˵£°ɡ
ˣ
أҪڡ
ڼԕDˣæʵʲô
ĴǴεĺóӣԕD
üʵʲô飿
ԕDǮĵ飬ǳϸظ˵ˡ
˺ҲǳȻ飡
𣿡ԕDûðɣЩĳѹʿǵ˵ز
û뵽ڰïʵ˽ּ⣬£
ǣټң
аǽҪǡȻԕDʹˣԕDϾ̫ӣǻʵۡڰǽѯʣ֧ԕDľ


62 
߳ڵ޹, ԕD˫ֲ̾˿
£̾ʲôʵ
ԕDбһ۲˵أ
ôһʣ˲䷴Ӧ˹, Ϊղŵ鰡˵, ϲ¶ŭɫ, , Щĳʵ̫ˣǡ
ԕDһסͣصһۣڸſ, ˵ע㡣˵ַ꣬ſ͡
Ҳʶﲻ˵ĵطͷû˵顣
ԕD˵һ˲ܼ, 游ǵжʿռ, Ҳ游жٽʿռ˱˵ء
£㲻һزܼҰ΢΢, Ǻþûȥܼˡ
ԕDһ۲ܴ֣û˵ҪǸȥܼ, ֪ʲôĺ𣿡
ûзӦһãȻʲô
ԕD⸱ȵ, ̧ƨɡ
ͻȻߣһ, һԶ
, ʲô
ΪԕD˵ɲ, һɸֵ˵, úö, දӣһ㳤ûС
Ĳپί£ˡ
ԕDٴֱǰߡ
£ȵҰæ׷£㻹û˵ˣΪʲôܺһزܼҰǰǾȥܼô
ԕDߵԪɿȥˣԲ˵ܹӣ¸ղŲڴϰѴһͨǵǮһ¡ʱ򣬵ȥܼңЩǿ϶Ϊڹƫ̻Ǯģõά佫
Ԫô˵ڷӦ˹¶ȻɫŶ
ԕDǳصŲԪɶˣȴûп˵
޷ֻܹԹԳϣҴ
ԕD΢΢ۣһ˵ڲô֪ƫ̻佫ڻʱĳ֪ƫ̻佫һ¡ղ糯ϣǴ˵ʿ˵̫֣ġҺ飬Ȼ֪жʿѹ
£Щĳ̫ѵ佫𣿡һ뵽糯Ϸ飬ŭɶ
佫ǵȻţҲһ˲ܼң游˵ˣ游ǻ֪ôԕDҲ佫ǲƽڲܳĿŵİ佫ǡһ¶佫׽ô佫ǻᱻ۸ĸҡûгûȨ֮ǰǰﲻ佫ǵġ
⻰˫˲һ¶ϲɫǵ´
˼ԕD̾һ䲻ף̫
£ⲻû뵽ô˼ЦЦڲô
ԕDĲļĳ˵ӽÿնһҰɡ
һɻʵ£ҳԺʲô
ԣԕDָָԴ̫ˣԺҲԣ˵ܱ㡣
һԵԪæͷòЦˡ

ԕDվһԵԪɷԸӽÿලԺҡ
Ԫ̧ͷЦʵ£ܹһҪԼҰ
ԕD룺һ
£ؽе
ô̫ˣ
Ϊô㣬ԹԺҡ
̫۸ˣ
ǰߣԕDںЦķǳġ
£׽Ūܹӡ
ҿû׽ŪҸոյĻġԕDһԪɣÿҡ
ԪɾˣΪ̫ӵǹܹӿЦģû뵽ġ
ʲôÿ׼ҡ
Ԫͷǣ¡
ҴҽɫЩãʺˣˡ
ܻʺһ⻰͵վǵʵʲô飿
̫ӵ糯Ϸ˺ôһͨ𣬸ո³ص鷿ַһͨ𣬻ˤһյԕD糯Ϸһ£Ѿˡ
ܻʺšüͷ˵DD⺢Ӻٷ糯Ϸʲô飿
˵һʿϰյأʿأԼҵء飬һһʮܻʺ㱨
ܻʺ󣬶ǳߡ
̫ˣ
̫
ʿֳǱ߾һʿɱˡ飬ҲǷǳŭ̫ӵ˵ʿֳǴӢۣӢۼȴ˰ռܻܵԩ̫ӵ糯Ϸ˻𡣡
ܻʺЩ˵û뵽ʿǱѹ˵زѹ֕DDߣ
ݲõ飬飬Ҳǳ
̫ˣ
ʱŭ˽˻ûееùã۸ˣ
ܻʺίͰͻղŭʧһ롣
ţͼ˽
ùã۸ңҪ
ܻʺЦؿŲDDô۸ˣ
߷һЦǲʲô̫ӵ²أ
ãҲûУұܻʺӣùãһҪ˵˵¡
ô㰡̫ӵأ߷˿˿ûпԕD
Ұѵ˦ˡߺߵ˵˭е˵Ҵû
߷ߵǰִ˴Դӡ
㾹Ȼ˦̫ӵ£ԼĹأ
߷ôѵ⣬Щί˵۸ңҲŲҪ
⺢ӡ߷ֱ־Ķ䡣
ۣҴˡȵؿϣ㣬ҡ
͸һĪ
㾹˦̫ӵ£ҿǲƤˣ
ãҴˡ˵ķǳ졣
ܻʺְѲӸ߷˵¾䣺㣬͕DD棬õ档
Ȼ⺢ӻԽԽûйء߷˰Բ˵ȥ͸˵زܼٺúѧϰءѧãͲҪ̫ӵ¡
߷һ仰ŵˣã֪ˣԺ󲻻ˡ
ʱԕD˽պ߷˵Ļ˵裬ĵӺСģ϶Ҫ˯žˡ
ԕDˣ߷æŸ
̫ӵ¡
ԕDǰַ߷ˣЦ˵裬ô񡣡˵꣬һԵĸϣҲɡ
л̫ӵ¡
վӺ͵͵شԕD
ʲôз۵
ʲôдݰף
ڼʶˡ
û뵽̫ӵ¾ȻôƯȺЩСҪºÿ
ԕDҲ¸ϣĺÿе݋ݺ͸߷ˡ
݋ݡС衣
ɡܻʺԶ֣DD
ԕDߵܻʺǰʵ݋ݣôˣ
ܻʺӵɫˡ
˵糯ˡ
݋ݣ֪˰
֪ˡ
ұܵģǴ˵̫˵㣬ҾͰǮĽеһû뵽ôһ˷ָһ뵽Ǯĵ飬ԕDɫһֱѿû뵽ĳ۸佫۸ز
ùãЩĳ̫۸ˣһԸ͵
ܻʺʵ飬ôģ
ǳ£ЩռʿǵأҲǲȨ󣬿Ȩûаռ˵ءԕDǳϬϲ飬ϳͣȻ
ټô˵
ּϲ£ҰǽȥѯˡԕD˵ұϾ̫ӣûʲôϣǵּͲһˡ
ܻʺڣҲΪԭ
Ѿּˣûʲôˡһ£ԕD̫ӹϽķΧҵȽˡ
ټּ£Ͳ᲻ܻ֮ʺӣ㲻Ҫٹˡ
ԕDʼ˵݋ݣҲܲ˰
ףܻʺûٶ˵ʲô
ˣҲҪˡ
ţˡҲûʲôá
ϵһˣȥ԰ߡ
ԕD⻰һôоװ
ȥɡ
áԕD˵㣬Ҵȥ԰ɡ
鷳̫ӵˡ
ϽŵظԕD
ԕDǰ棬һ·޻ߵ԰
ԪɼԕDǲ˵Ҳ˵
ǰһͤԕDתͷĸ˵ȥͤɡ԰ķ羰ԕDͿˣûϹ԰˵͸ֲ죬ԺЩΡ
á
ͤԕDŸϲ
ԕDԪɽ˹ȥȡһͼ̵Ĺ糯ǰõţЩˡոͺ˼ڲ裬ûгԵġ
ǣ¡
һͨͨؿٵϥϵ˫ֽճȭͷ
ԕDһִٲӣ˵㣬ƽڼϲʲôȻһЩҳ˵¡
ƽڼҿ飬廨ϼ򵥵˵ƽڼ顣
Ůڼ飬ԕD岻ϻҲ֪ô˵ȥ
ϱӣԕDѧУǷû̸ҲûҪõŮѣ֪ôŮദҲ֪ô͵һμŮ졣
һֱðͬʱΡ
һᣬǾԱݡ
̫ӵ£֪ı˻𣿡
ԕD⻰ĵֱ˫ۣ΢΢Ŵʵ˵ʲô
ϼԕDһ˹ģЩЦ˲ʧˡ
̫ӵ£ҲǴġ
ԕD
ϰ⻰˵Ȼ÷ǳɣٺˡ
Ǿǰģմͱӵ·ϣǸʱΪԼˣû뵽݋ݼ񵽡
ϾͰγ飬ɫظԕD˵˵
ԕDһʼǳԾžͻָ侲ˡ
ҿַ̫۱ֽ־֪ˣ֪̫ϰǵ㣬Ҿ֪һʱѾ׷Һ¼㣬㣬ҲԱݵģ뻹Աݡ
û뵽˺һԕDЩ˼飬С˵ܳ
Ҳû뵽Цһ뵽İ磬һһˣͷǳġ
ϱʲôģôᴩγ
ϱӸմѧҵտ˽ʦʸ֤һȥףһΣһճӤ˵飬̲ס²ҵǶԷޣ˺üŮǸǮ˵Ͱˣ˵ҲҲҡ
ͦҵģǱô˵㻹˵ġ
ۣȻҸմûþˡܻصִһ£Ҳزִ
ӦûزȥС˵ﲻ˵ԽǵƱô˾ͻزȥˡ
㲻֪⼸ôġ磬̲ס¿ˮ¶ţ¶ִ˵ݣȻ󱻵⼸ķǳʵһ鶼
ԕDˣôСİɡ
Сʻ괬ҾûʵʵȽϰȫԹִ飬һ˴Խʲô鶼ʲô˵ִĶҲ˵꣬˫۳ݵؿԕD̫֣̫硣
ҾǶ죬ǱġԕDЦҪҲ
Ȼʹ˶ࡣϼԼ˵˺ð죬ҽܣˣϱҲиңӵңʮ꣬ʦѧıҵѧӢġסڽꡣСʱڵ۶סꡣ
ңԕDЩ죬
ҾҴɸϣΪֶͬԭ򡣡Ȼ֪Ϊʲôᴩɸϣˣϱӽʲôʲôİôİ
ϱӽԴסڵ۶ϷѧԺıҵһйڵʷ磬ڡ˵ϱӵ֣ԕDһֻĸоɱ磬˼ƣصƵ˯һʹһճӤȻ֪Լʷϸûе
ԴϵɫȻ÷ǳеʱǲڵ۶ʦжİ
ǰô֪
ҲǰҺǳͬѧҾǰ棬ǸʱҶӣ㻹ǵ𣿡
ôһ˵ԕDˣѹҸղžЩ졣
̫ˣû뵽γͬѧ
⻹û뵽ԕDҲһҼǵѧھתѧˡ
ԶԶԣǸʱҰֵˣһ˾͸Ұȥ˽꣬Ժһ˾Ͷڽˡã̫ˣ̫ˣү治İγԽ磬ϱӵĳͬѧ̫ˡ
벻ϳǻᣬԕDҵĹϵϾǰ
ͬѧ棬Ȼĵϳе顣
е飬ֻ÷ǳС֮һӱ˺ܶࡣ
ԺҾͲˡҿЦ˵ԺͬѧңҾʲôˡ
ӣӦ֪Ϊʲôͬѧɣ˵ˡ
⻰ʵĸһ㶣ú˵ͷ˵֪
ôģ
ЩΪˣʵôģ
ԕDով飬ӣ㲻ʺϻʹ
⻰˵ķǳֱףˣֱӴסˡ
ĸϣôпӦʹ㲢ĸϡִ˵꣬γˣ㲻ϰ߻ʹԕD֪⻰˵ĺǲ˵ʵҪ֪̫ζʲôҲҪ֪Ժʺζʲô
ϳĬ˵ʵڽ֮ǰҾͷǳᣬҲ֪Լ̫֪ܲԺܲûʺ󡣡˵꣬ԳЦһ˹ζžҪҵ̣϶Ƕġ
Ҳ˵͹Ĺغ᲻ϰߵġ˵Լ꣬Ȼϰ˹еϲǻ̫ӣֻһͨĻӣԺһĴһɢүһӳԺ֡ϧǴΨһĻ̫ӣϼ縺ŴνɽһԺֵˣҪԴνɽҪȫµİո
ڹɿֺܶࡣΪͬѧԕDŲԸѸڹڹһͨҲںܶࡣ
ҵͷ˵˵Ķԣǡ
ģֻҪҲӦҋ݋ݺ݋ݾͲ빬ԕDЦ˵ҵͬѧңȻҲǺõģҲô
ҹЦ˵ͬѧǾܾ𣿡
ǰҾܾ㡣ԕDɫӣΪܼҺ͸߼ҵŮֻҪͲܵʲôίǣһ˹ͻܾίҋ݋һ
˵ʵҲԸ֪ҵ֪ԼɸϵʱжôȻʷãǺôк͸ѧʷ֪˭ҽǰ룬Ϊ磬ҪҲô
ȻĽһᾡ㣬Ҳܱ֤㲻ίԕD˵ķǳϿңҺæкܶҪ󹬵϶˼Ժᾭ꾩ʱһڹܵίˣҲ֪֪Ҳ޳Ī
݋Ȼ㣬һǱϱʱǵĹϵͻú΢݋ݿ϶ҪΪ΢Ĳã݋ݾͻ᲻⡣ԕD˵ԴǵѹΪ̫߻ʺһһͱܹע΢һãͻᱻ޷ŴȻ
ԕD˵Щϲû
˹͵ʧȥңҪɴǺͰĿе̫߻ʺ󡣡ԕD˵ҋ݋һĵܳܵסЩѹ𣿡
Ͻŵһڿˮͷҡɲ˹ģˣΪֻҪַ־ˡ
֪Բ޳ôпܻǸִˣܻʺ⹬Ȼĸݣȴһ˶ܰԼԸš
Ҳ𣿡
ҵȻҲǣǻ̫ӣкܶˣҲáԕDһϵ˵ΪͬѧϣγЩĿЩ
ϱԕDⷬˣ£Ҳô죿˵꣬˵ûңһˡ
Ҫһ̫ԺʺġԕDδûʲôҪΨһҪ̫Ժһ֮ĸܵΡ
㲻Ժһϲ𣿡
ûʱ̸˵ȹҳˣҪȥսոʮݡ
£Ҫȥ̣
ԕDͷԣջʮݡ
ϳԕDĴָ䣡
ԺʲôԕDʵ
ңҡҡͷҲ֪ԺʲôҴγԼһʲôѧѧӢγȫŲó
㲻ʦѧҵôԕDǰ뵽һ⣬ԺһŮ
Ů𣿡ҲԺʦ̽ѧʲôģγŮӲǲͷ¶ôܳȥ𣿡
˵Ůӳȥ飬Լ찡˵ԼŪһ˽ӽŮӶ顣
á
˫۸𣬵ǺܿȻȥ
²ô
ԾԕD˵㻹ûԣô֪С
ЩǰǺ»ġ˵ǽ˵ˡγôãһִ鶼ûΪ
ԺὨѧУЧִľڶ飬ԕDˡĻǾ꣬ȫµĺӣŮӶܶ顣
ԕDⷬһ˵£γʲôʲôȫµĺܶһ¶뵽ġϱͬѧǴγ󣬲ȴô󡣸ȣĸ̫Сˡ
ҵΡԕDְѻ⳶ҾԡҽѧУ֮ǰȽһЩƽƶŮӡ
ص˵ͷãԡ
֮ǰԼúö飬Ȼʲô
ںúö飬˶ҴЩ˵Ȼڱϣͦģڶ棬һǺùǺܴġ
Ǿͺá
ϾԼղźСˣ֤ݡ
һԪɹԕDŵʱ䣬Ǹûˡ
ܻʺ͸߷˼ԕD͸˵ЦĻλĸʮο
ŵʱԕDϽĸźóԡ
һ߳ԣһ߿乬ķ˺óԡ
ܻʺǼŵʱ򣬻һֱţ¿϶ˡ
ԕD͸ϵĹϵһӱ÷ǳãǸǷᡣ
ţܻʺʹ˺ܶණϣȻ͸߷ǻȥ
߷ž͸뿪ˣڹôǹء
ȸ뿪󣬲ܻʺȲʵˣ
݋ݣ㲻ʺϽ
ܻʺԣϵЦݽס󲻽ʵΪʲôʺϣ
̫Сġ
СĲ𣿡ܻʺ˵ܲ
݋ݣΪ̫ԺΪʺ̫Сʲô飿ԕDǳ࣬Ϊ̫ΪʺһһעֻҪ΢ĲãͻᱻǲΣܲסǵѹ
ССȽ˹úͲٵСˡܻʺһúý̵ġ
݋ݣԽ̵ҲСԕDøܻʺ˵ʵ݋ݣԼʺΪʲôҪñ
⻰Ѳܻʺסˡһ̾˿˵݋㣬Լˣ㣬ҷġ
݋ݣ֪ΪҺã㲻ҸȫҡΪִˣ̫ͻʺġ݋ݣҲ֪˹ͲԼֻܰմǺͰǵҪ̫߻ʺ󣬾һ
ܻʺ˺һʱĬ
݋ݣ㲻СЩ棬̫ԕDζ˵ڹ̫ûк³ġ݋ݣ㲻㣬Ҳ
ҼĵͦĵģΪϣԭûа
Һϲ㣬ͱҲĵʺҵ̫ԕD݋ݣñڹڵػŰɡ
ܻʺȻЩϧǶӲ⣬Ҳǿ
Ȼϲʺ̫Ǿˡ݋°ҡ
݋ݣһ̫ûʺġԕDδӾôһҪ󡣲һӣҪ̫ͻʺ
DDͲҪС𣿡
СãСﲻʺʺ󣬲𣿡СӲʺʺֻʺ
ܻʺ׶ӵ˼ϲ¶һĨΣǲΪҺ͹ټҵĹϵ㡭
݋ݣӻϺͻʺĽǶ͵ܺáԕDҲʲôֻ͵ͺˡ
ܻʺûΪ͹ټҵԭ򣬲Żᵼ¶뷨ۡ
ҪһܹģӡȻӵҲ̫ͻʺ
˵ĹﲻҰ


63 
, ڵ޹
ûϸϣ
ԕDͷ˵ûϡ
ôûأǺ棬ǹﳤĺÿִ, Ǹ߼ҺͲܼҵŮ, ĵûϣ߼ҺͲܼһ佫, ȻܼǿԪѫ, Ǹ߼ҲǼ佫ҡ
ԕDֱ׵ʺϽҲʺ̫
ʺϣﲻʺأ
ȫʺϡڹ, ԕDֻð֮ǰԲܻʺ˵Ļٴθ˵һ顣
Щ, û뵽ӻῼǵôԶ
һʲôĹ
̫ģԺҲʺġԕD˼ɵ˵˵ǻ̫ӣԺ϶ǻʵۡȻл̫, ԺܳɹְʵۡھԕDһӣԕDԺ϶̳дͳ
ô˵, ڲûȻҲûκβ
Ҫ݋ģôһ˵, 뵽ľǲܻʺɫ΢
Ȼڲ̫ϲܻʺӣǲɷϲܻʺʺķǳ, ̺͹Ůŷܻʺ, ǶԲܻʺҲκδ
ڲܻʺûԕD֮ǰ, ΨһܻʺĴûиټµӡ, ڲܻʺΪټңΪô̫ӣǶԲܻʺǳ⡣⼸꣬ǶԲܻʺǸֿޡ
ԕDڵıЩŹ֣бһ݋𣿡
ʵ£һʱ䲻֪ô˵á˰죬˵㲻һԼϲģܻʺΪʺǺܺõģΪӾ͡ô
̫Լϲ𣿡ԕDܡ治͸һۣԼϲģ̫𣿡Լϲģ̫顣̫ɲһˣҪùһأǲ⣬Ҫ֡ⷽ棬㲻о𣿡
ںЦˣ̧ôԕDСԴӡ
СЦ
ӦñҸ˽ǰЩǲܳе飬ܻʵ۵ĺ֮¡ʺҪܣĸҲҪܡʺҲҪܣ÷ϣ»ʺ²λ֮ʲô鶼Ҫܡ
⵹ǡʺûһԼġһʺ̫ŵģڶܻʺǴѡ̫ԺĻʺ󣬲һˣԴǿ϶Ҫֹܵġ
Իһ̫˰ɣʡ鷳
ڱ仰ÿЦã⺢Ϊʡ鷳һ̫ˣǡ治֪СԴʲô
ԕD°˵һãд
ཱུСֳ˵㰡
݋°ˣͲҪˡԕDǲ۹⣬Ի݋ҡˣǵôأ
Ǯĵʵᵽ飬ڵעȻɹתˣǺūռء
ԕDԣɫһȻǺ׽ǮĴ˵Ҳūİɡ
ǡڳ˵ū˲ء
ôúԕD뵽ʴȵӣϽ˵εһҪϳͣɷŹȻԺ󻹻ᷢ顣
øδãʵ
ūץȴһٰӣûռҲȻŵɳŵɳŵγרŷ˵ġںΪˣûȫҲ
΢΢ü᲻̫Щ
ûɱʴˡԕD̲סַһۣ֪ݼʿأǳӣϳȫµĽʿǺĵģ
ö⻰˵ĶԣǾġ
ôһٰӡ
һٰ̫ˣܲסģҪ˼˵ʮӿˡ
аɣǾʮӡԕD˵ʹߵϿּɡ
ڰïʵ˽ּ⡣
ܿ죬󳼡佫ǡȨǶּ֪⡣
ϳͺҵūͣԕDҲڽǮġǮļҵػ⽱
ïʵȥǮʥּǮʥּ棬һֱͣؿͷлټңл̫ӵ¡
ïʵԷǮģҵػˣǴ˵ҲȥˣԺҲռǵء
Ǯһ˿޵ĸƵģлл̫ӵ¡лл̫ӵ¡лл̫ӵ¡
ïʵݸǮһУǹټҽһӡ
⡭ǮһԾһӣô󣬴ûмһӡ
̫ӵ°ġïʵûаԕD˵ûʵʵ˵̫ӵ˵ɼΣ˵Ϊػα߾Ӧ
Ǯķǳʵ˵󣬾Ӫв磬ٲˡʵӪֻǲ簲ѣûѾͼǮһӶûУʲô
ïʵ֪ӪͨʿĲǹټҽģš
Ǯ޴ؽӹһӣȻֿˣһ߿ޣһٴθлټҺ̫ӵ¡
Ҫл̫ӵ£ǾͻؽӪúѵúõر꾩
ǮصͷһúѵġԭΪԼˣû뵽̫ӵ²Ҫأһӣ̫ӵǡˣ
ˣȥɡïʵ˵Ӧúܵ㣬ϿؼҰɡ
ǮҪ˵ʲôɫȴǳԥ
һֹı飬ïʵǳĵʵ㻹ʲô𣿡
ǮĹ˵лл̫ӵ¡
ïʵû뵽Ҫ΢΢£Ц˵̫ӵºæл⣬һת
ïʵô˵ǮĵıЩʧ䣬ܿͻָ
Ǿ鷳ˣȥˡ
ïʵͷ߰ɡǮļ̫ӵ£Ϊ̫ӵ²ܼ飬Ѿ̫ӵܹܵġ̫ӵټǮģĳǻġ
ʹūռʿһŭ佫ǡ
佫ƽﱻĳǴѹѾʮѻˡڣĳǾȻĿŵѹʿ佫ô̡
ε飬ŭ佫ǡ
佫Ƿ׷׽ڣҪټΪ
ƽĳǴѹ佫Ϊǲ佫ǣʵͦ佫ǣϾ佫һ˸󰡣һաĴĳ϶Ǵ򲻹佫ġ
ĳǼε鳹佫ǣ֪鲻ܴ»Сϲϳͣ佫һȻ佫ǻ֪ʲô
佫ɲĳӦ˵ġ
һּ⣬ǳ¡ʵ֮ǰ¹ּ⣬ּ⣬ǰڳ̬ȸ佫ǿ佫֪͢ǳ飬ʿܵκѹ
佫ǶԳ̬͢Ⱥ⣬ǵȽ
ε飬ǣٳд󳼣Щ󳼵ĹְдСںû뵽ġ
Ȼǣ˲ˣڲǰϾ佫ǲ
鴦õĽ佫⣬ֻ»佫ǻ֣һʱ仹ưոݡ
ϳЩµĴǣôӵĴӣýְĽְεΣɳŵţñΪ˵ıΪˣ֮ûǰκ档
佫Ƕǳ⡣û뵽ֵˡ
ʿҲаռػģڵȻҲطŹǣһϳ͡
ĳǼ佫Ҳϳˣƽˡ
佫ԭΪͨ飬ܺݺݶѵĳû뵽ԼҲɾͷˡ
һʼڲ̫صسͷµĳǺ佫ǣԕDҪϳ͡ǿռһ£ĴطŹȻԺ󻹻ᷢ顣
ټôŭϳôˡĳǣ佫ǣֻȨʱҰռ˵ػֹˣǻˣʵ㡣
ԣѾպļūŵɳŵ˼ūĻȥ˶
ŵɳŵˣֻ·һһʼǺ滹ǻġ
ĳǡ佫ǡȨǰռȫҪ˻һϰգϰǷǳˡ
ΪǮһ£ʱմǰǣǿɲСµʱֱɻ¡
ԕD糯ýֻúЦֻҪû£ץסǵβ͡
ȻʱСģǴĄӣǻøԕDĿ
ԕD鷿￴ӣһʱգҲûʲô顣
ʵ£ǲǶˣ
ʲôץǵİѱְС±ɴ𣿡ԕDһ߿ƻһ߿еĄӡ
ѵ𣿡˵ʱգ糯϶ûʲô飬Ƕôˡûʸ봹ֻվڴſڡ
ǲ࣬˵һ⡣ԕDüͷһ˵˵й
޳ɵص˵ͷ⵹ǡ
ȥԕDԴǲһûκβ˵ֻʱʱϳΪû£Ǿ̫ˡǮһ£ǲСκһС¡ʱգǶԄϵÿ鶼ʮضԴ
£㱻Сˡ£ʵˡ
С׼ȷ˵ұˡԕDû̫ӷ
ԕDɫƽ˵ⷬЩʵ£㲻𣿡
ʲôġ
ǲ̫ӷ㲻𣿡ǳ
ԕDʵһСӷô
ʵסˣ˵ᡣ
ǲ͵ˣȻǻ̫ӣھһСƨǲҵһºҲһ̫ӵһ¡˵ֻǰϳֲˣǻҷҿ϶ҲŹǡ
£ô˵ǡңһġôǻ̫ӣЩ󳼾ӵ£ͺܹ֡
ֵáԕDνھ͸Ҫˣһų󣬿ɲ뻹ûгͱ
£濪
д֪ʲôʲô鲻ֵԕDбһ۲ѧѧȻͻᱻ
£ǲ˵ұ
εǷӦܿ찡
ؽе£
ٶСȥѧء
ᵽ߷ˣ˲ʵˡ
ƫģƫĵ㡣
ƫҲǺôᵽ߷ˣԕD뵽ϣʲûñûйɣ
ûУǲûйϽ㡣ԥ£Ǿʳڣ£ϽôãΪʲô
Ҳ˵ôʺϽʺ̫
ϽܴģֻҪùúúѧһѧ̫ġڲõġ
ѧġԕD˵̫ʲô£㻹ڹá
⻰룬ԕD˵Ķԣȷʲô顣
£ǲϽùһ𣿡
š⹬ʲôõġߣ뿪
ԕD˼û˵顣
£ǻȥ𣿡֮ǰ͵˵һȥԵģϵҲûȥɡ
ʲôԕDһ۲ȥܼҵĹûУʱȥô
Ĳȥ𣿡ɥ˵ҿڴ˺ܾá
Ҳȥûʱ䡣ԕD˵ԲɣǾȥ԰ɣǸʱӦϳˡ
˵ҪʱҲȥˡ
ѻ졣
æסԼͣ漴Ͻ˼ڣͯ޼ɣһȥԡ
ԕDٴӡǱߵĄӣɫȻЩء
վһԵïʵƼԕDɫЩأĵʵ£ʲô𣿡
ԕD°ͣ˼˵Ǳһֱ½½ꡣ
£Ǳ겻Ǻ𣿡ïʵ˵ǽļڰɡ
·ݲǽϵ꼾·ݲǽϵ÷꼾ڡԕDϣԼˣϴϸ¿ʼһֱ½½ꡣһֱµ·ݣǾеΣˡ
ïʵԕD˼£ǵĽǱߡ
Ǳ±꣬ҵġ˵ԕDû˵ȥϣҶˡ
ïʵοԕD£Ǳ߲µġ
ԕDеĄӣïʵʵǱߵĵ̰ô
̰𣿡ïʵ˵£Ǳߵĵ̰Ӳûг¡
ûбٹ𣿡
УǶǺü顣ïʵʵػ㱨⼸꣬Ǳ߷˳ûзˮԵ̰Ǻõġ
һɻʵ£ʽǱߵĵ̰ʲô
δȻԕDϣԼˣǱһֱ꣬Щ̰ι̣׳¡
£ǵĽǱ߻̰
ĻûյԕDһŵ졣
ԕD˵Էһïʵ˵
ǣСȥ롣
ܿˣ£кηԸ
㿴Ǳ߳Ą˰ɡ
ʵ£ϱĄʲô𣿡
Ǳһֱ꣬ҵĻᡭ˵ԕDû˵ȥ˼ԡ
˲ԕDĵǣο£Ͼ겻֡
ǲ֣һֱЩˣϾҪ죬±꣬ҵĻ¡죬СĽЩȽϺãǱߵĵ̰ô
ԕDⷬͷ΢΢һ̫ӵµĵǲǲ޵
£˼ǣ
ʲôûзúõؼ¸̰ӡ⣬Ǿ͸Ͽ޲ԕDûĻǾڼǿһЩԷһ
˵ǣͷԸȥǱһֱ꣬Ϊûж룬̫ӵȴΪⲻĽǱ߳£ˡ£ϸġ
һϾ·ݵʱ򣬽ϳָɺԕD֮ԵĽǱ߳£Ϊںһ꽭ϴɺͷˮˡ˵Ǳ߲ٸɺǲѱ֤ᡭǰȽϺá
Լǡ̫ӵôϸģο
͸ԕD˵ϵ顣
˵˲һʱŽ֮ȥ潭Ǳߵ顣
Ļ΢£漴Цݵ˵û뵽⺢ôϸġ
ټң̫ӵȻСȴܹϰաԕDôŽǱߣǳˡϵ飬ǵ𣬳ע⵽ǳˡ
DD⺢һϸġĽһһDDĵǶԵģýǱǰԤ
ǣټҡ
ߣϸǱߵ顣Ǳߣ鷿ԕDȻ뵽һ
ôˮˣ
ˮôҪĶȻǡ
˴ԽŴؾͰˮ˳
ǱķˮˣˮŪ޵̰ӡˮܺܿǾˮӹ̽Ǳߵĵ̰ӡʱҪķˮˮ๮̵ĵ̰Ӧòôױ١
úõˮĲЩ
ˮԭϺ񲻶࣬ʯʯɰҡúʲôġ
ǲЩԭϣ߻ϣԲ֪
ԕDֽдһϵвϣȻݸïʵûʳ˾Ĺ
ïʵӹֽţһԕDдĶ¶ãȻɫ£Щǡ
Щһˮ࡭ԕDϸظïʵʲôˮ࣬Լôʯʯɰңճˮࡣ
ïʵһ𾪣£⡭⡭⡭
ˮǸöԕDïʵĻ˵ˮ಻޽̰ӣܸǷӡ·޽ǽȣҪˮǳι̣שʯӲ
ԕDָïʵ˵˵ˮĸôԼˮĸֺô
ïʵͲĿɿڴ
ûʳ˾ĹǸϿԕDԸȥϣýǱ߹̵̰ӡ
ïʵһݣǣ£С˻ߴٹǵġ˵꣬ԕD˸Ȼȥ
˫۳ݵԕD£ô
ԕDǳ赭д˵ġ
ľôĶ𣿡Ȼˮʲô¸ղŵˮҪŪǳ
ԕD˵ΪұȽϴ
ǳͬصͷ£̫ˡĶôãǡǵ¡
ԺԺҲܱԕD͸һ񣬡ǵöԺҡ
֪Լֱˣؽе£ң
ԕD֪óĺң˹ȥ
ʶؽסͷһǺң
ïʵԕDдˮ෽ȥʳ˾Ĺǿã֪ʲôïʵĽ£֪ʲô
ǵ̫ӵɰɣһ˼˵ˮ಻һġ
ïʵطʵ̫ӵһ𣿡
Ȼǡ
̫ӵǾïʵǳضһҪ죬̫ӵ¼Ҫˮ࣡
ˮ෽˵ˮķӲŪӦܿһЩ
̫ӵˮ޽Ǳߵĵ̰ӣһҪ졣
޽Ǳߵĵ̰ӣǱ߳𣿡
̫ӵµĳ¡ïʵ˵ˮ飬һ飬ʵ̫ӵҪˮûУ
ˣ׼ȥʵ顣˵ʵɹˣ̫ӵ¡
ïʵͷȺúʵ顣ʵ|ҩľأ
|ҩڸĽûдﵽ̫ӵҪĽͷ˵̫ӵ֮ǰᴿĲǲ󡣡
Ǿͼᴿ
ʵ|ҩѾܴˡ
ïʵһ۹ٴûдﵽ̫ӵҪĽǾǲãǵü
ٷɵصͷ˵ãᴿ
ľأ
Ȼ˳ʧܵĴǳ࣬׳£ԻǲСһ˵ü޸ġ
ڻ|ҩľֲǿ޸ĸĽïʵ˵ֶ̹꣬޸ĸĽʱעⰲȫҪԼȻ̫ӵ»ġ
ģһֱСģԼ¡
Ǿͺáïʵ˵˼뿪
ص鷿ˮһ¸ԕD㱨ˡ
֪ˮ˳Ҫȥʵ飬ԕDǿġ
꾩þûˣˮҪܹȵˡ
£֮ǰʵˮЧ̫ãָĽ˲٣ʵӦܳɹ
ԕDصͷǾͺá
Ԫʱ˽˵£ټҽȥ
ãϹȥԕDվ˵Ӧú˵껰ˡ
ڼˣ֡
ԕDڵĴ˵˰ɣ
˵ˣּýǱ߼̰ӡ˵ýǱ߻֡
Ŷ֡ԕDССڵƨǵǵȫ
ƥڲЦˣϸġ
ǷδȻԕDǰԤȽϺá˵꣬뵽ֹߣһӱ÷ǳ࣬㻹һּ⡣
ʲôּ⣿
ҩģýǱ߻ҩġԕDԵķˮߣҩĵñá
˵Ķԡ
ʱҪҩĵļ۸񣬿϶̧ҩĵļ۸񡣡֮ǰͷ̧ҩĵļ۸񣬵ͨҩĶ𡣡ó͢һЩҩİɣԱֻ衣Ǳķˮˣ͢ҩģҲ֧ԮǱߡ
ʲô
ԕDϸ룬ҡҡͷ˵ʳҩıþ͹ˡǾġϣǱʲô鶼ᷢ
ïʵȥ˵һ
ԕDûȥܻʺţš
ʱգڵӺ˺ܶࡣ̫ҽ˵ٹһʱ䣬´߶
ʱۼҡҡּҡҦҡ߼ҵļڲܼҡ
⼸Ҷ佫ңÿһҶǼΪۼңʮΪ
⼸ܼҲΪ飬Ϊ֮ǰǮĵ顣׼ȷ˵л̫ӵµġ
Ϊָԭǲýֱ̫ӵµлܼұл⡣
˱л⣬ۼܼһһĿģǾȷһ顣


64 
ۼҺͺȥ˲ܼ, õҪĴ𰸡Ժ⼸ǳ࣬ĳǵע⡣
⡢Ӽ岩ŷǵ˻ΪһǾ佫ͻȻôƵ, һʲôͼ
佫ʲôͼı, ôǿ϶ӽ̫ӵ¡
ԕDʱգǼ˾ƽ˽, ʱ򶼲
磬ŷ޽ԕDʫ, ֽԕD鷨
ʱգԕDʼŷѧϰ鷨ŷ޵鷨ʫһɫ
˵ԕDտʼʱ, ŷ޵ġǸʱ, ŷΪ
ѧϰд֣ϰ鷨ԕDڽ˺ܶ࣬ǰдĸһ˵Լֺܳ, Ǹȡ
ǰյֵ, Сҫʼѧ׾ˡѧϰٶȣԕDнȸС
, һ˾Ҫݻص꾩ʱǵĶԼҪ֡Ҫ֣Ҫ硱, ɲԸ⡣
ԕD, ŷһָ
ʱ, ïʵ, ǸԕD˸񣺡̫ӵ¡ŷ, ïʵɵûп档
ԕDͣ±ʣïʵŷޣһֹı飬˵ʲô飿
ïʵԕDûŷȥֱӻ㱨̫ӵ£ˮɹˣ
𣿡ԕDɫһϲĳɹˣ
ɹˣǳɹ
ߣȥԕDŷ˵Ҵȥһö
ŷԕDïʵղŵĶԻµӦøˮйأǳȤ
ǣ¡
ïʵԕDеһСԣںһˮ
ʳ˾ĹǼ̫ӵˣæԕD񣺡̫ӵ¡
ԕḐ̧֣ɡ˵꣬ʹߴٵŪҿ
ǣ¡
£ʳ˾Ĺܵ˵ˮиߵ͵໥ãˮԼתͻʡܶࡣ
ںԵˮԶתţˮһԵСš
ˮתغܿ죬ˮҲǳ졣
ţʳ˾Ĺһͷţţתˮˮһӱ÷ǳ١
ԕD⣬޻ʳ˾Ĺĺܺá
վһԵŷ޿Ŀࡣ֮ǰᵽݵʱ򣬾߶ũ·ǳ˽⡣ȻҲǳ˽ˮ֪ˮһֱǿġ
ڵˮýŲŽ̤ˮǳҲˡ
ŷ޼ԕDŪˮҪýŲȣˮߵ͵Լתܿţǡ̫ˣ
ʵܹȶĶԕDϸʵ͵ˮ͵ˮܹȶĶأС͵ˮܹȶĶΪƵĲͬ԰ˮɴСС͡
صµĻʵˣ͵ˮܹߡ˰ء͵ˮܹġĶءС͵ˮܹĶءʳ˾Ĺܵ£ǻڵվĵʵȻˮСҲܳɹȡ
ǾͺáԕDͷĵؿ佱ʳ˾Ĺǣĺܺã
˵ʳ˾ĹǰԕDˮͼֽˮ˳ȻҲиĽĵطϾƽ̹ĵط͵ƶ͵ĵطкܴ
кܴĹ͡ԕDʵˮĳɱ󲻹󣿡
󣬰ָʾǰˮɱһڡʵˮҪĲϾľͷúõľˮһЩһľˮͻһЩȻõľˮõľһ㡣
ʳ˾ĹĽԕDǳ⣬ٴΰѹǿһ
վһԵïʵ˵ȥ˵һ
ǣСȥïʵ˵꣬ȥ
ˮô
ŷһԾؿԕD£ˮ𣿡
ģǻʳ˾Ĺ
ʳ˾Ĺæ˵СҲǰ̫ӵ»ͼֽġ
ŷѹסӿͷ𺳣ƽԕD£ô뵽ģ
֮ǰоӹˮִʱڵõˮҪȻõˮýŲȵģҪǰҡʡܵ˵ǷҾܲһţ¿ȻⷬԕDߵģȻҾˮ
ʳ˾Ĺһƨ˵̫ӵӢ䣡
£ˮ̫ˡŷ޻û̲ס¶ɫ£츣ϰա̫ӵˮ㣬ܶأׯڳúáˣõظɺ
ʱڼææظ˹
ԕD´ˣһæ˹ȥô´˰
ŪˮïʵﻹסһҪۿŪˮʱ侲Ĳǿ´߶
㻹ô´̫ҽ˵ڻ´Ҫʱղ´߶û뵽쾹Ȼ´߶
ڰڰ֣û£ҺܺãҿŪˮ
˹ȥˮҪ˽ŲȣԶתȣʮ𾪡
ô£
ԕD䵱˵ԱϸظڽŪˮôģܹȶĶء
ïʵղи˵ԕDٴνһ飬ǳúúã̫ˣ
ˮͲõĹȵ⡣ԕDЦ˵ֻҪˮǾͲõظɺ
DDĺܺãĿȰؿŶӣĽԺΪϰһ¡
ԕDһǫ˵Ҹġ˵꣬˵ּƹɡˮʱʱ䣬һֱû꣬Щɺˣǹȵĺʱ
áּùͻʳ˾һЩˮȻѷŸǡ
µˮС̫ˮΪ̫ӵŪԾͽ֡
򵥴ֱ֣ԕDûҪ̫ӼȥǷЧڼҪС̫ӡˮ
ԕDΣֻȥˡ
̫ˮĳ֣Ȼ˾޴ĺ䶯
Ϊ֮ǰ̫磬̫ˮĳ֣ϰûκɡȻʹú󣬷̫ˮǳãҹȵطǳࡣ
̫ˮ꾩ͱطضõ˳ֵĹȣðһ
һ£꾩ͱطûꡣżһ꣬ëë꣬ȫáۿԽԽɣԽԽżǼϻʱ̫ˮˣǵȼü֮
̫ˮ꾩ͱطƹҲƹ㵽Ǳߡ˵ǱߵûгָɺǲԺ󲻻ᡣ
ԕDΪŪ̫ˮһ£ݺݵ׬һ
ϰᵽ̫ӣǸֿ䣬ְԕD졣ֹˣϰλѲܻʺһˣϾԕDǲܻʺ
ܻʺڹǺܺõģ䲢ûʲôⲻ˵ܻʺãϰǶԲܻʺ˽⣬֪ܻʺǺǻ
ǰЩܻ꣬ʺûΪµӣϰָǸʱ򣬻˵ܻʺǲǻˣԲӡϾϰʾûж²ܹڣǾֲֻܹܻʺˡ
Ǹʱ򣬲ܻʺ̫áԴӲܻʺԕD󣬹ЩõԶʧˡ
ԕDŪ̫磬̫ˮĺöߣϰߡǵȻ̫ӵ¸мҲô̫ӵµĲܻʺл
Ϊ̫ˮһ£ܻʺһӳΪϰĿеͺ
ܻʺ֪ȻʮֿġĵĲϰ˵ͺ󣬶ϰ˵һöӡ
߷˽ܻʺ󣬾͸˵顣
˺ܻʺˡĿУܻʺȫõĻʺҲõˡǰЩ꣬Ǻϰֲܻʺʱ˺ܾá
ﱾͺ󡣡
ܻʺЦҿɲͺ󡣡һֱܻʺ󶼲ΪԼͺҪ㣬ԼһϸĻʺ˵ûΪϰʲô£ûʸ񱻳Ϊͺ󡱡
ϰĿͺ󰡣֪¥ô˵ġ߷˻ȥ¥˵˵ܻʺ飬˵·ΪľǸ´ǵ̫ӵ¡ֹ˵񻰹ܻʺ󣬻رؿ˵ܻʺ̫ӵµʱ콵𡣱˵ܻʺԕDʱ½һƬ⣬кܶڿУϲ̫ӵµĵ
ܻʺ߷˵ĻǳΣ˭дĻ
ǻ˵ô˵ġ߷ЩµʱҲúЦֺ档
ܻʺЦõ˵DDһ죬ϵȷһƬ⣬Ϊ̫ոġ
ʱҲ˹£˵ʱҲ𡣡
ܻʺЦЩ˵Ӧȥд
˵ô˵㣬Ϊ㡣ˣҲЩܻĵҲ˵˵ڿʺ
ɲܻʺ˵ҿɲʲôɡϰǿһöӣܡǣ˵·˵ʲôˡ
ϰϲһˣϲô߷ԵǾ̫ӵ̫ˮǺöһôõˮԾΪ̫ӵ²ˣ̫ӵ£ӦҲ񡣡
ЩˡܻʺҲ֪ϰΪûʲôʶΪ͹鹦ڡ񡱡
ȥ̫ˮ棬̫ӵôģ߷˾֮̾ǰ̫Ҳǳ档
ˮġܻʺЦкܶϡŹֵ뷨
̫ӵ
߷˽߲ܻʺôģһǳҪ顣
ˣҪһһȨﴫˡ߷֮ǰϽһµĿĲ֪ôˣʲôû˵⼸գвңƼǼҵĹ
ܻʺԴһҲ⣬ȤʵļҰ
ۼҡҡּҡҦҡҡҡʯҡżҡ߷˵Щ˼Ҷ佫ңǼҶŮҺ̫ӵ²󡣡
һֱ⼸ѡǲ֪ѡļҺáܻʺѡϱȿǵĿ϶佫ҵŮϾԺҪոʮݣҪʿ֧֡⼸Ҷ
߷˵ͷ޳ɵ⼸ҵȷҺǼҶϽ顣
㣬⼸ҵŮ˽𣿡ܻʺ⼸ҵǷǳ˽⣬ǶǵŮͲô˽⡣
̫ӵ²ŮûôҲô˽⡣߷˵⼸ҴһЩĹﵹ˽һЩ
ݳͻ磬⼸ʱ򲻾ܼô
áܻʺ˵ֻǼңȻ̫ˣƷϵǶŮμӰɡ˵ܻ꣬ʺôȥһ˾࣬˾ѡһ
ܿͻ߲ܻʺ½˵Ĵӡ
ܻʺּܲƷϵǴŮμͻ硣
ּһ£Ȼ֪ܻʺͻĿġ
ܻʺѰͻĿĸԕD˵˵ԕDûκ
ʱҪ¶氡
ΪʲôҪ¶氡
㲻ܻʺؿŶӣԼ
ʲô֪ôԕDԲܻʺЦЦ݋ݣѡɣĿ⡣
ܻʺ⸱νģһƬΣаɣҰú˵꣬һ飬ɫһ˲÷ǳ࣬游Ҫոʮһ¸ۼǼ˵ˡ
ԕDԣ̧˵ôΪ游͸˵ˡ
游û˵ǰղŸ˵飬Ƿǳ֧ոʮݡۼǼҵ֧֣ܻʺǰģԸΪʿ䡣
ۼ֧ԕD⣺ȻǾǵĽʿҵѵʽѵ
ԕDòһ˲ܼңĻ游游ۼǼҴѵʽѵʿˣѹūŸǡȻһжҪ͵УҪĳ֪Ȼ鷳
ܰ࣬ҲԕD游̫ӵµĻּǼҡ
ּǼǼ佫ңԼһѵʽǽԕDѵʽǿ϶⣬ԲܰòܼҾǼұһ
ۼǼҼܼҾͣһʵĽʵˡ
ܼҾԴӽԕDѵº󣬷·̥ˣһѪԡ
ۼǼҵĽʿȻûκܼҾ÷ǳҡֹˣǵĽʿϺҲˡ
ǵĽʿͲܼҾȣ̫ࡣǰһˮƽϣǱܼҾԶԶ˦
ܰۼǼңǲܼҾΪ̫ӵµѵʽŻ
ۼǼķڷԸ̫ӵµѵʽ
պ󣬲ܻʺٰͻ԰ٰ졣
ǰμͻǶ׵ŮμӣС꣬ʮһꡣЩŮĿɰľ£֮ȫÿ
˿̣԰ٻޡ
鷿ԕDڸ顣ǰʱ䣬ڰѧˡʱ䣬ʼѧϰ徭
ڸѧϰ顷
ĺѧ徭ѧ׾ſʼѧϰ徭
ʱĿγ̽
£㲻ȥ԰𣿡ԕDؼüŪۣ㲻ȥ𣿡
ʲô
˰㲻˹ùý԰ͻɡЦļأ£㲻ȥ𣿡
ô˵ԕDôһ£˵ҪǺ棬ȥ
£㲻ȥ𣿡
ȥȥ͵ţȥҋ݋ݰɡԕD˵꣬ǰڵ޵
£㡭£ǵ͵סģȥ԰ˡ
ܻʺˣԕDûʵDDأ
ȥټˡ˵꣬Ͻһ䣬ġ
ܻʺ￴С˼šȫŮ죬ȻСʡ
áǰ͵͵ؿ˿Ȼɵ뿪ˡ
ʲܻʺ󣬸ոյĹǲֶӡ
ܻʺʾֶӣв̫ߵİ
˵ӱȽϴֱ̫ӵôû
ܻʺ˵ԕDţͲһš
̫ӵ²ǶЩϧ
ڵ޹ԕDںһš
ôһţȥ԰ţ
ȥ
Ϊʲôȥڵ٩ӵӦ֪ʺٰͻĿİɡ
ԕDͷ֪ҲȤ
㲻ȥ
݋ݻѡãȥȥνԕD˵ͻ飬תƻ˵ˮ顣
֮ǰ˵ˮ顣
ʱ䣬ʳ˾Ĺһֱˮ࣬ЧǺܺá
ٹʱ䣬ʳ˾ܰˮˡ
ڵǾܸˡ
ţӦܸϡܸڽϳǰˣˮŪһ߾
΢΢üʵȥ߾ʲô
޲ǽԕD˵ñ߾Ǳ߻㰲Ͻӹ̳ǽӸ߳ǽȵ죬ʿɧţ߾Ǳߵĳǽֵܵסǵɧš
˵Ķԡ߾ĳǽȷҪǿӹ̡
ˣҪ·ԕD뵽֮ǰȥ꾩⣬ĹٵЩӿݵġ꾩ͳ·һˡУ꾩ЩƷҲһˡ
ЦҪ꾩𣿡
ͰһЩõĵط޺áԕDû˵꾩ǣҿûôǮ
Ǿģưܵĵطһޡ˵꣬뵽ӺõĲˣDD㻹ϳ𣿡
ôʣԕD΢΢šüҪϳ
޵Ӻ˺ܶ࣬´߶ˣϳˡѾһ£ɵЩܲˡڼ䣬ûȥϳҲٴ£ܲϰߡȻӰϳ˲٣ĵ׻Щ
ԕDڼҪϳ顣˵ޣһڷŬĻʵۡһûϳ϶Ѱ
ȥ̫ҽ
ǣ¡
ܲȥϳ˵㣬̫ҽ˵㡣ԕDҲϣϳͲȥϳ̫ҽ˵ϳҾȥϳ
㻹ϳ֪Ϊ룬ǹô˵ģϳˣ
ԕD͸һǳĵۣϸ񫣬һ㶼ϳ𣿡˵꣬¶һǳԸɫΪ˵㣬ҲŲϳѾһû˯ˡ
ˡ
֪ͺáԕD֣Ҫҡ
Ҫʲôʱ䣬ȷDD⺢ˡ
ǮҪȥսս飬ԕDûдڡȻòܼսһҪȥ㱱Ǳս㱱ôõһطɹˡ
㱱λԽũҵҵǳԭԭĵطںܶǰɹˣɹҪõ
У㱱ܲ
ȥ㱱򣿡ھöˣ㱱רŹɹģǻ𣿡
ǮΪʲôԕDҡҡʳָ˵ǮʹĥֻҪ㹻ǮǾԻǡ
ǣҲʲô
ǿɲһԕDһص˵Ǯˣ
˭ȥ򣬲ܼң
ǣʳ˾ˡԕDǳؿһڣ㲻Ҫʲô鶼뵽ܼҺòãûвܼҰæҾһ޳һ
ʳ˾ˣ
ǰ֮ǰ˻㱱ҵҡԕDٺٵЦЦķǳ⣬ǲǺܴ
ڷǳԾ⣺ɻʳ˾˻㱱֮ǰھԕDʹûʳ˾ȻԕDҲûʳ˾¡
ֹ㱱һ˻ɹϾ긮о󶨸Ͼ򸮣ͬ
ʲôڳˡ
ĿǰûлɹȨġԕDĦ°˵ȹ꣬Ӧܻȥ
ڣ
㲻ҪǮҪһءԕDʨӴ󿪿ڵԽԽ
Һúõ˵˵¡֮ǰûԕD˵ȥɹһ¡
Ǿ˵ˡԕDֵЦˣһȥġ
Һú˵
аɣҾͳ˵
ԕDͼ򵥵ظ˵˵ȥɹһ¡
󣬾Ĵסˣ춼ûзӦ
ϧǵϸϵͳ죬úúõǡԕD˼˵ڻʱǡ
ڻع黹Ƿǳ𺳡
֮ǰôû˵
ڲǸ˵ô
ʵ˵㻹ʲô飿DD⺢ӾȻô飬һʺǲ֪飿
֪û݋˵ϾûгɹԕD˿˵ԭɹٸ˵ģΪսֻǰ˵ˡ
Цˣ㻹
ⲻ㲻ͬ⣬Ͼ֮ǰոʮݡԕD֮Ը˵£ΪѾոʮݡ
㻹ʲô飿
˺ܶ飬ʱ㡣ԕDӣʱٸ㡣
㡭
㲻ԕDĵ˵һģǲڣΪܶ黹ûдﵽҪĽ
ô棬ֻѹĺ棺ãҡ
ģҲġ
㲻Ȼ֪ԕDʲô飬ŶĵҪǮ
ȸƽɡ
㻹ǸҪ
ұҪһǧƽġԕD˵㲻ôٰɡ
ڷǳ󷽵˵һǧƽ𡣡
꣡ԕDˣϲˣ
Ȼ֪ڻǷǳã ɽƬ
󷽵ĵ
ԕDõ͸һǧƽ𣬾תֽïʵïʵԶ㱱ˡ
һ뵽ʱ䣬սԕDһľͱ÷ǳȡ


65 
̫ҽԕD, ڵҪ֮ǰ˺ܶ࣬ȥϳҲԴ, ̫ۡ
̫ҽͬ⣬ԕDϳ¡
ڻָϳ, ԕDʹӸԼĶһûлضͻȻ, ЩϰߡϰߵÿîʱĿ׼ʱƺþáڹ˼, Ϣָֻǰ״̬
ʱ, ԕD׼ʱʵڵʱҲֻǱڸһʱ
ԪɺԪؼ̫ӵˣæ˽źϴ
ԕDһֱڴǷ, Ԫɹĵʵ, û˯𣿡
һϵΡԕD˵꣬˸Ƿһ㶼ǵá
£Ҫ˯һɣԪɼԕDôۡ
˯ˣ˯ԕDԪӹˢմƵˢˢҲԼŪ
ˢϴ, ԕDĴ˺ܶࡣ
ûл, ԕDòزܼˡ
ܹӻûл
СһǹġԕD˵, ͳ޹, ȥԺ֮ǰסڸ, Ҫ糯, ûʱ䳿ܡڻصȻҪܲ塣
˰ʱĲһϴһ裬ԕDˬһ붼ûˡ
ţڻˡ
£սˡһԕDȲظϢ
ԕDɫǳƽŶ
ԕDӦôƽòá
£սˣôһ㶼
ʲôüġսӦ飬ʲô˷ܵġ
£ս㲻һֱս㲻Ӧø𣿡صܼң֪ܼҴ㱱ǱսǷǳļ
˰ⲻϵ𡣡ԕD˵սܼҾѵˡĿɶɹǵǳ׺ݣǴεĲӦԵġҪӮɹǴҲԼһҪɹ
£㲻ȥ𣿡֪ս󣬾ͺȥ
ʲô
ս
롣
Ϊʲôһ⣬£㲻ǶսܸȤ𣿡
ȥ
£Ǿȥɡȥȥ
ԕDؿһ۰ͰĲʵԺ𣿡?
һ⻰֪Լˣʱôе¡
ÿԺңôһ㳤ûУԕDúɸֵŲȥܼ𣿡
£Ϊʲôȥܼң󣬡ֲϳˣǮĵҲȥһʱˣȥܼ˰
ĳһֱڶ𣿡ԕD޿̵ô²Դ֮ǰۼȥܼ游ĳǾͶˣˣ
ԕDô˵ôһ£æԕDֺõЦЦˡ
ԕDȻϵЦݣɫ÷ǳࣺһֱһֱô㲻ʺҵߡ
£ԕD仰ŵˣ¶̵飬£ҡ
ԕDϲĻ˵Ҳ㱿ҪһֱôĲʡڻС߻ûʲôˣôʱ£ǵҳ߾ͻиħ֣㻹ôôʱ򲻽Լ£ҲẦ£֪𣿡֮ôŰΪľðҪһֱô
ԕDĻŵɫ԰ף˫Ļ̿޴룺£һģ㲻Ҫߡ
ԪվһԣҲԕDⷬŵˡ
ʲôݣԕDȻʵ
̫ӡ
̫ӣζʲô֪𣿡ԕD֪ڲ䣬Ǻʱ򣬵ǲΪİĲһֱ档֮ǰòԺҳӣڿЦԭΪ˼һȫû⡣
˵ͷҡҡͷ
һµı飬ԕD֪ס
ڻСǵΨһĶӣʱûо뵽ȨĶУټϋ݋ݱĺãûʲôƣǵҳ󣬸ƾͽΪҵİʱҲٸָƣһֱôҪôЩƣ
ԕDⷬ˵ĲĬûôࡣ
£ҡ
ջȥúõһ룬㻹ҵİǾͻҵİԼˣǾͻȥĲܹӡ
ҡҡҡ˫۶ˣһҪ޳ı顣
ȥúõҵĻԕDֻһŲǼ⸱¶ģͻȻı⣬òȥ˼
Ϊ飬ǾԺϸġΪǲ̫Ϊ̫ӵİֻǰĸ
Ϊ̫ӵĸ̫浥ẦԼҲ۵̫ӡ
ԕDϲò¡
¡ҡſˡ
ȥú롣ԕDԪɣԸͰزܼҡ
ǣ¡
¡޵ˮ˵ʲôǿԕDݾܾŵһ仰˵ˣֻܹԹԵظԪɳ˶
Ԫɼһֱٿޣæο˵ܹӣ²ˡ
ǣ²Ҫˡ
ܹӣΪ㣬ԲŻ˵ղǷ
𣿡
ܹӣ̫ӵ¸ã̫ӵ¶ֵһһֱ̫ӵµܣδİѵµ̫ӣԪɴŲµʲôܹӣ̫ӣǴεĴδĹټңӦ֪иȨĶ͸ΧڵµߣΪڻСЩ鲢ûֳǲûС
ҡԪô˵˵ʲô
ܹӣһֱôڵ߻ΣյģԪҲò̫ˡСôҲǣһֱȥǾͲʲôˡ̫ӵ½֮ԶԲܹ˵ôصĻҲ²ܹӻһֱ̫ӵ¾Ժ£Բȥ濼ǡ
ƺЩɵص˵ͷ֪ˣһúõġ
ĻԪһܹӣºں֡
Լá
ܹӣСȥɡ
á
Ȳ뿪ûãԕD顣
ܹӽ첻ڣ
ȥˡϣȥ
ԕDɫ̫ԣ¶еʵºͲܹӳ𣿡
ûУȥú˭ڸ̫ݣð̫ݵ塣̫ˡ
£ʲô𣿡
ûʲô顣ԕD˵£Ƕɡ
ԕD˵Ҳʣ˳Ļ˵á
ϵʱĿγ̽
£һ
ʲô飿ԕD룬Ҫѧҵɡ
£ٽʷǡɫǳ֣أѧϰʷǡˡ
ѧϰʷǡȻˣҪӿγ̡
ԣѧϰʷǡˣúúѧϰǰʷǳ࣬ʷΪ̫ӡ
ãѧԕD֪ʷǡѧɵĿγ̣ѧѧѧѧҲܽܡ
£ԭΪ̫ӵ»᲻⣬û뵽̫ӵôˬشӦˡ
ôһȵı鰡ΪҲѧ𣿡
Ϊ᲻Ը⡣Ͼ֮ǰҪ̫ӵ¼ѧҵ̫ӵºܲԸ
ʷǡѧɣڲѧԺ󻹲ҪѧԕD̯˵һھѧ
ǳ翪ʼʷǡ
û⡣
ûٶ˵ʲô̫ӵ¸ˡ
ԕDǰţ·Ԫɣô
С˰Ļָܹ˵һ飬ܹӺ⡣Ԫ˵ܹӦûúġ
Ǿͺá벻ףǾ˵ʺϴߣصܼҶҲá
£ܹӻĿĵġ
ϣɡ
ܻʺ֪޿뿪һ£ԕDˣæǲǺͲˡ
ԕDܻʺ˵£ұֻŰ뻹Ǹúõ˵״߻ʲô
ҲáܻʺǷǳϲֶӵģǲɷϰЩˡ꣬ҲСˣǸ׸߻ʲô
ϣס
ǺӻǺܴģӦסܻʺš
Сͽأôڣ
ȥˡܻʺԸԕDʢһѧʲô
ԕDѧġ顷ݸܻʺ˵˵Ҫҡʷǡ
û˵վʦ㡶ʷǡ
ʦֽҵıȽɢԕD˵Ҫ֪Ҹʦѧ˲ٶҾˡӣ϶Ӵѧҵġ
ʱһֱڰټϳ£ûкúóȥ棬ҪҪȥ棿ܻʺȻ뵽ӵѣӵ㲻Ǻþûм̫ѧô
ŶþûмˡʱæϳæŴ£Ѱˡ
ȥ档ܻʺһô࣬öӳȥһ¡
ԕDͻȻ뵽ʲôӵתš
ܻʺ⸱ģЦʵڴʲô⣿
ԕDԲܻʺȵЦЦ݋ݣȥ̫ѧ졣
ȥ̫ѧ죿ܻʺüͷʵʲô˼
ȥ̫ѧ漸죬ع֡ԕDЦһģס̫ѧ
ס̫ѧܻʺ΢΢ü˵С
݋ݣ͵ȥ̫ѧѧԕDܻʺҾȥ̫ѧ죬ͻ
̫Σˡܻʺ󲻷Ķס̫ѧ
̫ѧﶼѧӣʲôΣաԕD˵ֲ֪ҵݣ̫ѧɱҡˣÿγлʳ˾İңǻᱣҵġ
ܻʺû˵
ԕDվߵܻʺߣҡҡ݋ݣʹӦҰɣȥ̫ѧ졣˵꣬ϳԲܻʺе݋~~݋~~݋~~~
ܻʺ󱻶⼸еˣӵСȰ˵úúá
𣿡ԕDһСʵ݋ݣͬȥ̫ѧ찡
ܻʺֵ¶ӵĶͷЦ˵ͬȥ
̫ˣлл݋ݡԕD˽ܻʺĻؽе݋ˡ
ôģܻʺϲ¶Цݣ찡
ʮ죿
ʮ̫ˡ
죬԰ɣ
У졣ܻʺվһԵĴ񣬷Ըȥ̫ʰ
ǣ
݋ݣŷΣȥ̫ѧԕDգգ˵Ҫһϲ
㻹ļ
ˣҪһЩóԵĸǡԕDԲܻʺ˵݋ݣС˵һ⡣
СһЩóԵģȥһԡ
ԕDͷ˵ǋ݋ܵ˵꣬׼ضݣ݋ݣҡ
ȵȣһ˵
ʲô鰡
ܻʺϴεͻ磬ҿӡ
ԕDˣһŵ˵݋ݣ㲻Ȣ̫ɣ
ֻ̫һĲܻʺԵӶۼҡּҡҵĹ
ԕDҡͷ݋ݣֻҪһ̫Ҫʲô
Ҫܻʺһɣʲô˼
ԕD˿ܻʺԥ£Ǿǰ݋˵݋ݣֻҪһ̫Ҫ
ܻʺ׶ӵ˼һ˲÷ǳࣺDD֪˵ʲô𣿡
݋ݣ֪˵ʲôֻҪһ̫ҪԕD֣µ˵Ժ˻ʵۣҲֻһʺ󣬲ӣ
⻰òܻʺһ׶Ϊʲô뷨
݋ݣһ͹ˣ
DD֪ǲܵ飡
݋ݣУѡһɡԕD֪뷨ܻʺ϶⡣Ҳ֪ܻʺʱ⻰档̫̫࣬ˣֻҪһ
⻰ܻʺ󲻾ʧЦﶼܺãҲ֪ѡһá˵꣬˼˵ɣһ̣ʱ򿴿˭ȽϺá
݋ݣ㿴Ű졣ԕDǿһ飬ֻҪһ
ܻʺȻԕDĻĻûе档
úúã݋ֻ֪Ҫһ
݋ݣʲô飬ûµĻҾͻȥ˯ˡ
ȥɡ
ص˯һʱԕD͸ŷѧϰʫ
ÿŷѧϰʱ䳤ˣϵʱŽ
κԕDʹżʳкóԵģææظȥ̫ѧ
̫ѧĿγϵʱĿ̲ŽԕDȥʱǻûѧ
ԕDԲܼҺӵݽ̫ѧұʾҪ̫ѧѧ졣
̫ѧȻӭѧ
ԕDܾ̫ѧİţ˵⼸סѧˣ⼸ǰѧϰ
̫ѧԕD̫ѧʶѣǾûжһٸѧ޺Ͱ༶
£һ̫ѧﱣɡԽԕDһ̫ѧ
̫ѧﲻΣգ㻹ǻعɡԕDԽ˵ʲôòݾܾ˵Ҳµģȥɡ
Խ˵ʲôֻܹԹԵ뿪̫ѧ
ԕDǰ༶ſڵ£ĵصѧ
һѧ
뿪ѧ߳ѧã׼ǰó
޸߳ſڣͿһδˣסˡ
ԕD֣ޣ
޶һµգգۣۻǰʶûгֻþ
ԕDĢ́ǵǰ˻ӣǲ᲻ʶ˰ɣ
ۣǰһѱԕD
ͻȻԕDЩסˡ
ԕDСЦ˵Ǹۡ
ԕDʵ۲ۣ
ۡʵش
ǾͲΣˡ
磬ұۡ޼ԕDҲ뱧
ѻĸ۵ݸܵܣһѰԕD˹뱧ˡ
ԕDûк˱ˣҲ޵
ɵЦĸۡ
ԕDֵ⻰ɫЩֵ˵˭ֵķӦԕDЩ¡ҸǴ˺óԵģû׷ǵȥô򷹡
˫˵ȥô򷹣Ȼѧޡ
ǵý硣
ھȥ磬Ȼѧޡ˵꣬ȥ
ԕDޱ̧֣޵ļ򣺡ޣ㲻ôʳлѧް
ŶЩطԕDʳУԕDǵѧޡ
ڻѧ޵·ϣԕD˵̫ѧ죬޷ǳˣұʾҪԕDһ˯
ԕD߽ǵѧޣĴ˿ֻ治ʩҲǳȫ
ްԕDĲȡ
Ƿм䣬һӣڷľһ¯ӡƽʱˮҲһЩԡ
϶飬ʱͻѴӷôͷһ
һˡ
ԕDǳˣۣþòʱ仹ðɣ
Һܺðôϰ̫ѧ𣿡ԕD°һɫ;񶼲ˡ
ϰˡмؿֵⶼ˰ǰæ
Ҳûаʲôæŵζֱ̿ˮȳԷɡ
˰ɣ
ԕDЩ˼ЦЦþûԺˡ
ȳԷ
ѾԕDĲȶȺˡ
Թĺ⣬ͦóԵģΪһ㡣
Ǿǰ˵ԕDĺ˼ζĺԕDȣһϣһϡ
˵̫ˣڳԕDĺ⣬˵һ㶼š
ԕDЦؿԣԣҪҭˡ
ֻųԺ⣬ʱûգҲûԕD˵
ܿ죬ԕDĺⱻǳԵһⲻʣһ֭ʣ
˺⣬ԕDЫӺͿѼҲǳˡ
ȻˣǳԵδ
пʳ֮ǰȥҹгԹʳǸ۴ĲȣͲԶˣǺ⡣
ôǲ˼ζٳԼ⡣
ͷǳͬ˵ȷ˼ζ
޸̾Ǹۼĺóԡ
ԕDһ˵ǣС˿ǷǳóԵġ˵꣬һ飬ʵղղĸ꾩·𣿡뿪꾩кü˰ɣʱ䣬Ҳôü꾩ˡ
͋݋Ҫȵս꾩˵кܶҪţԵʱ꾩
˵ʵǲ꾩
ǲ꾩ɡԕDֿʵ磬ĸĸأ
ҵ͋݋ݺܷҡĸǹԱǹ꾩Ӷ顣
ۣ˵ˣĲ𣿡һ£ȥݼŷޡ
õĲˣȻҲûǰᵽŷޣԕDһ飬磬û뵽ҲΪҵʦܰ
꾩ԕDŷƼ
ŷ޾ǴȻʫķĲ鲻ǣ㡣
ǰŷ޿ֻʫģԴ걻ȥݺͲپʫϵĲ顣
ллƼҡվԕD˸񣬡ʦ֡
ԕDͻȻŵˣæվ˵磬ҽʦǿЦġ
ЦЦûٽԕDʦ֡
˱ߺȲ裬졣ȻҲԕDӹġ
֪ԕD̫ѧ죬һһ飬Ȼǳϲ
ۣϺһ˯ɡ
磬Ҹ˵ˣһ˯ֱסԕDһ䱸ؿ硣
ޣǸ磬Ӧȸ˯
ҲԕDһ˯˼ڡ
ɣҽ˯˯˯ԕDû뵽ģ˯
ǲԸصͷаɣǾŰɡ
ԕDֹĵѯһµûзʲô顣
һ£ԕDȻû̫ѧǣò̫ѧ̽ǡ
ǸԕD˵˵һѧʲôʲôʲô
˵˵ţ˵̫ˮϡ
ÿ£̫ѧ֯ѧȥ߶ѧϰǰʱ䣬̫ˮĳ˲Сĺ䶯Ϊ̫ѧѧȻҪȥ˽⡣
̫ѧ֯ѧȥ̫ˮһרȥ˽̫ˮôġ
ʱ̫ѧѧǱ̫ˮԶת𺳵ˡ
һȺѧӻΪд¡£ԕD֪ġ
̫ѧУ԰ҲһˮһС͵ˮ̫ˮ̫ѧѧԼģ˺ܴ
Ƕ̫ӵ¸ֿ佱ԕDЩˣϽתƻ˵ǰʱյĶڡ
Ƕֵ̫־ϷдйضڵʫʡдĲŷ޻õиԕD
죬̫ѧٰ˻дʫʡӡϵȡ
ÿμˣһ˽
ǻӣһֱûǾֻԼˡЦ˵Լġ
΢ź˵ϧûԵ
˵ҰӲ̫óԣǰǰӺܺóԡ
ǿϧˡԕDû뵽ǻӣûϵٰҳԡ
ðһٰԡ
һԕD͸ȥѧá
ϣ̫ѧǲϿεģѧǻȥѧÿѧϰƺѧУϰ
ǵͬԕDǳ棬Ͼ⺢ӳ̫Ư̫ϡˡ
޸ͬǵѣ̫ѧѧ졣
ԕDǵһ̫ѧѧˣ̫ѧѧȻ̫ѧѧ˶ǹٻӵܡ
ϰΣԕD֡
ѧϰʱǾʹԕDѧޡ
صѧޣԕDûм˯·ȥá
ǶǸɾˣˣÿϴ裬еѧӼ춼ϴ衣
ȥϴ裬ԕDϱڴѧⱲӴΣû
ʱûʲôˡ
ֵŸԼϴ裬ҪԕD衣
ֵеؿԕDþܾǣǸ衣
ҲԕD裬Ϊߣû˼ڡ
ֵԷ裬Ժо飬ԕDʱ򣬶ǳᣬûдԕD
裬һ
裬ԕDֱֵܴ·
·ԕDͷˡ״ǰ棬ԕD
ԕDſļϣûһ˯ˡ


66 
иԕDֶ, СǱģչСӷ棬Ƿǳоġ
ԕDſļ˯, ɵطŲߵķǳȣûŪԕD
޼СӵƷǳ죬Щ죬Сʵ, ڼҾС𣿡
һֶӺ͸۲Ҵģ̇ԕDĺ󱳡
ԭˡ󣬼ԕDſļ, СཱུģʮֿɰִһԕDС
˯㰡
˯еԕDСľʶز˲䡣
ͷһɫ˲Ҳ
ǿһĻ¶ۡ
СС, ģ, ڻر
ûһ, Ǽ˻صѧ
ԕDķ䣬ջصѧޣҪԕD
Ǵ㱧ԕDȥķ䣬ǲˣֻܰԕD޵Ĵϡ
ԕD޵ĴϣСǺñӡ
, Լ, ˶ڴ, ˫Ŵ˯ԕD
ԕD۽ëֳܣ΢΢̡谵£۽ëڰͶһƬӰ
΢΢Сţཱུһһĵģɷǿɰ
۳ÿ
æͷͬţÿ
˵ֶӺÿˡ
˯еԕD֪Լһֱſǵıǳ|
˶ԕD˺óһֱȶ˲վ
صԼԣʰԕD˯ŵӻ
ǵķ䣬ǲ˼ڣֻ뿪صԼķ䡣
ƽϣ޶ῴ顢֣ǽ׼ˡСϴԕD
ܵôϴ˯΢΢£ޣ㲻𣿡
޺С˵ѧϰˡ˵꣬ضЦЦ磬˯ˡ
ʱ׵ܵΪʲôô˯û˵˯ɡߣҲҪ˯
ԕD˯棬˯棬ӣԕD˯
һԕD˸޵Ļɰ޼ˡŪԕDСرԕD
޻бԕDûһ˯ˡ
ûĵߵܵܵĴߣ޺ԕDһ˯Ľʺޡ
||ְܵܺԕDǺñӡ
һϣԕD˯ñȽʵûҶ
˯ǷǳʵģϲҶûѹԕD
գîʱ׼ʱ˯
ֵÿ϶îʱϴþȥ顣
ԕDֻСèһĻУͷ
𴲵ĵһ飬´ȥܵܵĴ߿ԕDԕDԼһ˯ţЦһֻСè
ͷţèһɰ
ʱԕD˸ֵ
޸ϽԕDǺñӣԕDļ¶档
ڷææϴþ˹վ޵Ĵ߿һԕDĵʵ˯ĺ𣿡
˯ķǳá˵꣬ҫ˵˯ġ
⻰һ˵꣬ȻյĽǳá
磬ҪѸ𣿡֮ǰ˵һ飬ô磬޲֪òýѸۡ
˵ø˯ɡ
ԕD˯ô㣬Ľ
Ǵȥѧö飬¸һ𣿡е㲻ġ
Ҳģû취Ǳȥѧö顣
Ӧû¡
˵ǴȥȡһЩ緹ţ緹ԡõ緹һֱӦţʱû緹ˡϢʱǻ
ͬʱ˵ͷá
ֵܿϴãȥ˷á
˵ڲîʱǷ˲ˡ
̫ѧѧǳڷܣϺ𴲡îʱ磬вʱ𴲶顣
緹ǳḻࡢʳ⽡ͷȡ
ڷ緹ԕDһ緹ȥ
ԕD˯ȫûļ
ǰ緹¯Сš
ֶԕDɰ˯տһ뿪ǰѧö顣
ߵʱһֽԕD
ʱԕD׼ʱ˯ڱٸ˫֣Сȣһ
һûеȵԪɺԪؽźϴʱŷԼڹ
ԕDãȻؿǰķ䣬ﰡ
˯ѵ̫ӵºԺһʱûԼںδ
ڴϣԕDһԼ
ȥˣϿȥ𣿡
˸ǷڴϷһԕDĥĥ𴲡
޸ջͼԕDˣ˼æߵߡ
ۣôˣô˯һ
ޣôˣԕDڴߣСҡţǲӦڶ𣿡
Ϣˣûѡ
ԕDִ˸Ƿ̧˫ۣŴŴ˵Ҹѡ
ԕDһģº͵ۣҪҪ˯һ
˯ˣҪһ顣ԕDԼСϣԼѵ㡣ƽʱڼҲʱѵġ˵꣬Ӵ
޼״æվڴߡ
СӲܳվڵϣġ˵꣬ڴߣָԕD¡
޸ӣԕDĳæȥֹޣԼ
հѻ˵꣬Ǹ£ָЬӡ
ԕDֱվڵϡ
һԵ·ظԕD
λд·ԕDЩ£ôðǰСء
һСӡ
ԕDӦѾϴá
˿̣ԣɵسǴӷô緹
ۣõ緹ϲθڣǵķõĳʳԕDθڣϾԕDǲܼˣԵĶȽϾ
ԕDҧͷȵգգ˵θڣܺó԰Ȼζ϶ȲϹΪѧУķ˵ζĲ
ĺó𣿡Щŵʵ
ԕDص˵ͷĺó԰˵ּ꣬һ䣬ûƭǡ
ԕDĲƭǣǾͷˡ
޶࣬ҨһιԕDߡ
ԕD˿ޣԹԵſȥ
ԣҪҭˡ
ԼҵܵιԕD࣬ǰûڣôû뵽ء
ԕDһͷһࡣ
緹͸޺ȥǵѧá
ԕD޵м䣬ԹԵغһΡ
̫ѧ֪ԕDģǵѧﲢ֡
ѧ򴫡ԕDûѧ
ԕDһС޸ѧһķǳ棬úǿɰټϣԕD÷ǳƯϲ̲סҪ
мСޣʲôְ
ԕDվԹɵ˵ҽиۡ
ۣǷţǸ֡ȻǷţǲɷһ֡꼸갡
ꡣ
ڼ𣿡
ˡ
ʵЩ飿
Ѿѧˣѧ顷ԕD˵Сʫ
⻰΢΢£û뵽ǰƯС޶ô顣
ҲһȡȻ֪ڸŷ飬û뵽۶ô顣
۽ɣ黹ûаѧ飬̫ˡ
ġ򴫡һûѧ
ۣ˵飬ҿԿ𣿡
ԕD⻰ĬĬط˸ۣǲÿϲʰ
Ȼ²ۣȴ˵ԡ
νߡ˵ôһ䡣
ԕD붼û룬ֱӴ֮װɣ֮ɡ
ԕD˵νޣҡʹλĺʲô
ԕDλĺ˵˳ǳصͷֿԕDӡԕDһֲذȫı˳Ҳǳ׼ȷ˵ƪݵĺ塣
ԕDشĺֿܲ͡ӹԕDȫԡ
ԴǰһԕDͷĴǱͨһñǰ˲١ֹˣҲ÷ǳáŵ˵ڵļǴ˵еĹĿԣѧĶʱãǵ÷ǳ
ԕDԽԽȡ˿̣ԕDһ
⺢Ӳȫݣÿƪķǳ͸ݴɲ꺢еġ
˵ԕDˣһȺѧҲԕD𺳵ˡ
Ƕ˲飬ͻȻ徭ݣǲһȫԡǣСһɵؾͰȫԡ
ۣո˵ġ򴫡ݣ𣿡
˰ո˵ǡ򴫡ݣԕDƪĹ¡Լƪݵ˵˵ֹˣʷ¼
ƯС޻֪ʷԽȣҲü
˵úã˵̫ˣԽϲԕDԕDһĺӡ֪ԕDǹٻӵܣ⼸̫ѧѧô츳Ĵϻѧۣѧʷǡ
ѧһ㡣ʦѧһ㡶ʷǡ
ٿԕDڿϣټȥԕDȰЦЦۣɡ
л
ǿѹס飬ָһصģǼ˵ꡣ
ϵʮ꣬ѧϢ
ۣһ¡ԕD֣ɫǳͰס
ԕD¶ɻ󣬲ǹԹԵߵǰ
ʲôԸ𣿡
ǳȺ͵ʵҿԸ𣿡
ԕDһ⻰֪Ҫʲô
԰
߰ɡǣԕDС֣Ϣĵطȥ
ѧֵͬΧˡ
ͬǷ׷Ǵ۵顣
ȻѸ۵ʵ˵ֻ˵ǵѣ̵
еͬ˵̫ѧѧ˶ǹٻӵܣ²⸣һǳ͢ټҵĺӣô
ͬǶ丣۴ӱֵǳ⡣Ȼ۲ǵ׵ܵܣһֱѸ۵ܵܡ
ϢһӣǼϿΡڿΣϵǡ
ԕDûлڸ˵
ûмһԕD̫ѧ飬ƽϲʲôϲʲôϲʲô顭
ôԕDɡ
ԕDΪʲô̫ѧѧ
ԕDǳʵ˵̫ѧ飬Ҳ̫ѧ顣
̫ѧô
ԕD˵ղŲ̫ѧ飬֪òáҪ죬֪̫ѧòá
ԕDССģȴǳء
벻̫ѧ飿
ԕD˵֪Ϊ̫ѧ
ô˵ûٶ˵ʲô⼸úᡣ
ԕDԭΪἫȰ̫ѧ飬û뵽ûô̫ѧǳġ
ָԕD˵һȥ
ԕD뿪ˣȥܽڡ
ڣ̫ѧѧĺǲܼҵ𣿡ܼ佫ңȻ̳ܽôĺӣ벻
ܽ΢΢ףǲܼҵġ
ʵϵ𣿡
ܽ΢˼˵Ӧòǵϵܼҵϵĺûĺӣϵ
ڣ⺢Ӷǳ츳֮ǰڿϿԕDһ¸ܽ˵˵ڣôõĶӣһҪס
ܽƳһ˵ʲô
ʵһ㶣ڣȻ鰡
Ǻ˵ǲܼϵĺӣǲ;̫ѧҲμӿƾٿԡܽԵ
⻰Ĭ£˵⵹ǡٻµĺӻ񲹽ǲòμӿƾٿԣͻᱻͽʿǣ⺢̫츳ˣμӿƾٿԣҲ̳һϯ֮ء

ҵȻ밡⺢֪֪֮ǲ¸ۡ
ܽڼڴ˵ҼܼҺ˵
ܽô˵һϲڣ㿴Ǻӣһϲġ
ܽڱô˵ԲܼϵЩȤˡ
磬ԕDȥ˷á
̫ѧķúܴҲǳɾǵѧĺ̫ѧķõķҲǳḻ
ѧԱϷڷԵǼĲˡ
һ㣬ԕD̫ѧĻͦԻġ
ĴˣǵĿζȽءԕDȻǳһĲˣڻСܳؿζĲˣ͸һŶȥ򷹲ˡ
ͻȻһСӣһ÷ǳÿȻ档
˹עԕD޶ãԹԵŶӡ
ŶӴ򷹲ˣһλصѧ̫˻ˡ
̨ЩߣԕDվڹ̨ǰֻ¶ֵʱŬţԼ¶һ
򷹲˵ϲһǸƯɰĺ򷹲ˣȻǷǳȣͬʱַǳϲ
ԕDӵܣֱſڹ̨ϡ
СӣʲôļҵĺӰôôƯ
ϲҪһȣҪԺ⡣˵̫ѧõĺⲻóԣҪҪˡ
ϡϲԕDȣ׺⣬СӶԷܳŶ
ллϲ
ԕD÷ˣ˵һԵ
ûԕDϲûи򷹲ˡ
÷ˣһķУһֻԕDķС
ǸոռһλӣԕD֡
ԕDķ˷ˣޱˡ
ԕDԲôˣͷ˲ٸǡ
˱߳Է죬˳ڷѧ˵
ҪǿԣѧȻĵ
˵ǣԕDʵ磬μǿ𣿡
ҡͷ˵겻μǿԣҾ̫ѧٲμӡμǡǿԾͲμˣϾ̫ѧһꡣ˵⼸һֱĴûкúö飬μǣҲС
ǶμǰԕDΪ³ԡ
˵ǻʸȥμӡֵҲμǿԡ
ѧﵹв˲μǿԡ
˵ǿԣԕDȻһҪ顣
Ӧ֪ǿҪĸ˰ɣ
ͷ֪ŷ˵𣬿ƾٿᳫƽʵķ磬ٳǰĻ硣
˵Ҿƽʵܺá
ǳ޳ɣҲúܺá
ԕDô˵Щ죺Ϊϲ߻Ĵ塣
ǰϲڲϲˡ˵ŷ˵̫ӵƽʵġ
ȷġ
ԕD֮ǰ⣬ڵѧ̫ôʻֻϲŪƧֻ㡣
ϳһ˲ٴǵĄӣвٴ󳼵ķ̫ϲûĴϲƧдӣԕDʱ򣬷Լä
ԕDÿ̫˷ʱ䣬ּôддļƽʵЩûĴƧдӣϳͲ
֪ѧҲϲд£͸ŷ˵ǿᳫƽʵ硣ѧǸʲôƧַ磬ͲҪ¼ȡˡ
Ǹĸķ飬ǰʱ˲С䶯
ϲûĴʻƧŪԼŻѧȻԸƽʱ硣ǻΪдʫƽʵ硣
Ϊ͢ȻӶѧǲƽʵ磬ǾͲҪμӿƾٿԡ
ѧҪμӿƾٿԣҪ;ĻǾ͹ԹԵؽƽʵ硣
һʱ䣬͢ᳫƽʵ磬ЩѧֻЭܡ
̫ӵǸʵˡ̫ӵ̫̫ˮټᳫƽʵķЩ̫ӵһʵˡ
ԕDͷ˵̫ӵµȷǸʵˡ˵ԼЩ֣֪̫ӵǿʵҵˡ
ԕDô˵ؿһۡ
۸̫ӵǱֵܣʶ̫ӵ£Ȼ֪̫ӵǸʲôˡ
̫ӵǸϲʵµˡ˵
̫ӵ̫ѧѧȥֵܿп̫ӵʵǺ£ҲҪ̫ӵѧϰԺ츣ϰա
ô˵ԕDǳ⡣
ϣѧǶоԺʵ¡
緹ԕDǻصѧޡ
ǽѧݣȻһۣۡ˴˲ܽ
ԕDһ£̾ϲ飬ҲķǳвŻ
꣬Ϳ㾭ϲй鼮
ԕDֵ壬һɱֵܶˡ
ʱܻʺݸոš
һԣĹĵغŲ衣ԕDԼȥ̫ѧһº
Ҳȥ̫ѧ顣
ǣ݋ǲͬŮװȥ̫ѧ顣DDҲ˵
ܻʺݶûдĸĽ
Ȼ佫ңȴǳׯ֪˵Ǳȸǡ
⻰ط㣬ҹѧѧĲ˰
˼ұȲԶˡﻹǳء
ܻʺЦҶǼңȻǺõġ˵ۼңʮ佫ңӧңڵʱȴλҪԶ˼ҵĺӲ
Ҳܺá֮ǰͻϣݾͷǳϲۼҡּҡҵĹһʱ仹Ծ񰡡
ܻʺζ˵վüģȹʱ֪ǵԵΡ
ﶼãѡһ̫
DDʱֻҪֻ̫һܻʺЦ
һﲻǳֵĹﰡ
˵Ůһ̨Ϸ
̫ӵⷬСĻݺǿЦã̫ӵ»֪Ůһ̨Ϸ
һ˵㣬DD֪Ķɶˡ˵ܻ꣬ʺ󣬡݋ݣ˰ѕDDӻɡܳ棬ҲÕDDڹ档
ٽ⼸̫ѧú档
݋ݣ̫ѧǶĵطĵطôÕDD̫ѧ档һ˵ǲԵġ
ݺЦص˵㸣ĶͷǼ̫ӵȥ̫ѧ棬㲻ܡ
˼ߺߵ˵ҾǼʣôˡ
ͬʱƹ
ۼҹּҹҹҲոšۼҹּҹ壬ҹһԹۿ
Сʶҹϵһֱ
˵̫ӵȥ̫ѧˡּҹеĺӣ̫ӵ¸òҪ̫ѧɡ
ۼҹӦòᣬ̫ӵӦֻȥ̫ѧ漸졣
Ƕûм̫ӵ£Ҳ֪̫ӵ³ʲôּҹԕDǳ棬ԭΪսܼ̫ӵ£û뵽̫ӵ²ڹ
ҹ˵˵̫ӵ³ķǳÿ
ۼҹﲹǳ
ּҹ￴˿λѣĵ̾˿˵Ҳ֪˭ܱ̫ӵ¿С
ۼҹЦ˭̫ӵ¿УǺ¡
ҹͷ͵ţǺ¡
ۼҹ˵ҪľǺúѧϰйغǣҪûʺʧ
ʱһϰ˽
ϰ֪ͨǴδʱʼͿʼѧϰеĹǡ
磬˲ûѧϰأϰŽܹһЩ
ˣÿҪѧϰ黭
ѧϰ黭ȣΪѧϰǾˣû뵽Ҫѧϰ黭
һ˻ڹ̫ӵ¡ϰɫ˵ȻҪ黭ߣ黭ģպǻҪѧϰĶ
ϰպҪѧϰʲô
պ˵ҪѧϰǺ黭ϰ˵̫ӵҲѧϰ黭
˲׽ϰŵ˼ϰģǻúѧġ
գ̫ӵ¾ҪعˣʱҪȥݼ̫ӵµģ⼸գҪúѧϰǡ
һվҪ̫ӵ£ĵʱ


67 
, ԕDѾϰ̫ѧҺ̫ѧѧǶˡ
̫ѧѧǶϲԕDƯֻСޡʲô, óԵģÿĶø
Ҳ㹻ԕD˽̫ѧĽƶȡ֪ǰ̫ѧĽʽʲôģڵ̫ѧĽƶȻ᲻Ҫļȫˡ
ľʷӼͻ̫ѧԺֵءֲˡ
ÿµĩ죬ǻȥ䣬˽ׯڵǲҪϸ˽, ҪϸؼءȻǻҪдƶе¡
Ǽ¼ݲӵ, ñ鼮Ȼ
̫ѧﻹԼ, ѧҲҪݡ档
ǰʱ, 꾩һֱû, رԽԽɣѧǻżĺǸʱ, ѧǴѧУСһͰһͰװˮ, Ȼ󽽹ĺ硣̫ˮĳ, ˹ȵ⡣
ѧǶԼֵأʮġÿ춼ȥׯڵׯڳʲô⣬Ҫǽ, ͻȥ̾ḻũ
Ϊֵ, ѧǸ̵ᵽũĲ, Ҳׯһǳ, Ҳ֪ԺҪǿУ;ΪϰʲôȻҲһЩѧ˽⵽Ĳף¶ĺúö飬һҪС
Уһ򡰸߸ϡѧǲǰӻ߿ũ㣬ǳԕD⡣
Ȼ̫ѧĽƶȻв⣬ܵ˵Ҫǰúܶࡣ˵ĸֻģһԸ̫࣬Ȼǿҵķԡ
ĿǰĸĽԕDǱȽ⡣ڻʣµ©Ժ޸ġڣɡ
Ϊݵ⣬ԕD̫ѧ顣
̫ѧĶշǳãѧҲǳڷܣҲǳȻкܶٻӵܣǲûԕDеĹĶǺɡ
ĹٻӵܶҲǳڷܣûжͬڳԽ̬ȡĹٻӵܻߵģƽѧӡⲻˣҲı䲻ˡ
գԕD˯һѾȥѧöˡ
Ȼ̫ѧ飬ԕDÿ绹ǻ˯һʱ
жæÿ״򲻶˯һʱľ
СӰڷ˺ü̵ĺͼ߹ЩԵĶֵͬѧõѧġ
ԕDûмȥѧãȳһġȳģ裬ˡ
ѧﻹڶ飬ԕDûмŽȥٹһǾͻϢٽȥ
Ϣһӣȥߣ˿
һ磬Ҫعˡ´̫ѧ֪ʲôʱ
ԕDûԶǵѧõĸһӭһһûмס׼ʱûԷȴȸ񣺡̫ӵ¡
ʶңԕDһԾû뵽̫ѧﾹȻʶ
ܽڣܼϵĺӣû뵽ӾȻ̫ӵ£ʵһ
ܽΪ̫ѧĽڣżҪġ֮ǰʱԶԶؼԕDüΡ
ոտԕDʱܽڻΪԼˣ߽һֹȻ̫ӵ¡
ңôûм㣿ԼˣԕDǡ
ûע⵽ֳܽԕD˸񣬡û뵽ǵ
ԭԕDɻʵ˭
̫ѧĽܶá
ܶã
εѧң
ԕDʮ𾪣ȴûбֳ
㡣ԭеѣܶð
£ȥһ𣿡ܶһֱԕD
ðԕDҲܶ˵Ͼ̫ܶѧĽڡҪһҸ˵һȻǴңżġ
ǳһ
ԕDܶǵѧõϢ
£⼸̫ѧô
ͦõġԕDЦ˵̫ѧĸĸҪá
ԕDô˵ܶһ
̫ѧѧϰΧҲܺáԕDȰ⼸쿴̫ѧŵܶ˵˵
̫ܶӵ¶ǵĸĸ϶Ȼˡ
ʱϢˡ
ԕDȽȥ˵һ˵ܽ£ʱͲǶ顣
һܽԕD£΢΢£ܽʲô
֪ԕDø˵ʵȸȥ
ȥɡ
ԕDǴк󣬾͸ܶ뿪ˡ
ܶһ磬ֱѧŽ
ԕDܶõ룬ȥһš
ܶпͬ˵һ㶼û̫ӵ´ϻ۹ˣй֣պһᴴڴεʢ
ԕDȥҵǣһ
һ˻صѧϢһ
ܽʶҼˣҽȥ⼸̫ѧô벻̫ѧ֮ġȻǼٻ磬ԕDܶһֱ̫ѧĸ飬̫ѧѧӵڴ
ô˵İ
˵̫ѧܺãҺϲ̫ѧѧϰΧٳ̫꣬ѧ顣ԕD˵һ̫Сʱʺ̫ѧ顣
ۣǺ綼ҪμǣҪǲμ֮ǰ̫ѧ鰡޾ǲμǿһܿС
ǿ϶ԕD룬Գ̫ѧ꣬һ顣ˣҾҪؼˣʱˡ
Ȼ֪ҪȥﻹǷǳ᲻á
˵ۣܲܲȥ
Ҳȥҵ͋݋ݲһֱס档ղعպҪ̫ѧǋ݋ݿ϶ͬ⡣⼸նûи飬Ҳûȥˡ
ЦЦ˵п̫ѧǡ
ǷģԺÿ¶ǡԕDЦ˵ȻǴóԵġڲ糯ÿӣʱͱö
ȵµ׵ʱ򣬸ǣһȥ档꾩ﻹкöطǶûȥµ׵ʱǿϢա
аʱҴ꾩ǡ
ðð
һȥѧá
⼸գȻûиŷ޶飬Ǹһ飬ҲԕDѧ˲ٶ
鵽ʱԕDǾȥá
һˮ̲Żصѧޡ
صѧޣޡץΡ˭ץΣ˭ͺԕDһ˯
ץΣ˸ԕDһ˯Ļᡣ
ֵĽʺ޵ؿԕDǣߡ
˯ǰԕD
ʷϵѧǳо϶ͻԲ
ڵȻûз϶ͻԲһ衣
ָȻСȴǳͨÿθǳ
ԕDžԺ˯ˡ˯ǰ뵽˾žų˷ŵȻعͰѾžų˷дȻƹ㿪
žͷָ۲˵ˣע⵽Ѿ˯ˡʱˣҲٿˡ˴򣬰Ѹ۱ûһҲ˯ˡ
ϣУԕD뿪̫ѧ
ǰλܽڴһкл⼸ǵĽ̵
λԕD뿪Ҳǳᣬϣ顣
ܽ԰ԕD͵̫ѧſڣӭԕD´̫ѧѧ
ԕDߵ̫ѧſڣԽضſڵȺ΢΢£ٴܶõ
ţԹԵԕDߡ
ˣڲٴλصߣԕDȻʮָ˵ġ
ص˵ͷˡ˵꣬ɫǳ֣ص˵£Ҿʧġ
ԕDϸض˲ּղܺȻ֮Щԭһ˫¶˫ۣ˿̱÷ǳ㡣
⼸˺ܶడ
ֳǸ˵˺ܶࡣ˵ɫ£ǰ̫浥ˡ
ԕDûʲܰǸ˵ʲôʵܲµ
Ҿ֪סȻЩǻǷǳġ֮ǰҪΪûпϡλصܼң˵ˣҲÿˡûʧ
ԕDô˵ݺݵһţ˫΢΢ˡ
£Ϊ㡭
ΪҲҪ㰡ԕDѲû˵Ļ˵˳
Ͱ͵ص˵ͷ
ԕDָ²ĶͷôܲҪ㡣ûףԕDǻΪһ󽫾ûֵܣȻҵı֣һֱ㵱ֵܵġ
¡кᣬƴŲҪԼ޳
ж᲻ᵯްԕDװ˵Ժɵñ㡣
·ġӣѲ˻ȥ£ȥ˵ս
ôԕDʵ
ǳߴҲǳоɫ˵ϸˣǺ
ԕDͷǾͺá
ѡõļƥ|֡˵ɱǾǰվͿʼѵˡ
Ȼʳ˾Ǳ߰սʱܺúõǵս
ָԕD˵ս顣˵ֺ꣬ԕD˵˵ܼҾɱǾѵԼۼǼҵѵ״
ԴۼǼҰԕDѵʽѵǵĽʿ̥һ㣬һ÷ǳо
£游ѾҪոʮݵľۼǼ˵ˡ˵ۼǼҷǳ֧֣֤һúѵʿ游Ǽÿ궼ٰԣȱļҵĽʿѵĺá
ԕD⻰ǰһ˵ⲻ
游˼ǣͣҲܸõѵ
ҳͿ԰游˵ҪʲôĽ𣿡
游˵㽱͵ʲôԡ
Уˡ
ָԕD˵һЩܼҺۼǵѵЩ鶼ǲȥѯʵġǰǲ뵽Щġ
ˣ游ǺúоĵԕD˵ȻɭЦЦȸɵġĺʹȣЩԣʰġ
ǣ¡µԕDʰġ£⼸̫ѧô
ͦõġԕD򵥵ظ˵˵̫ѧ顣
£´ҲҪȥ̫ѧѧ
а
ûãԕDǾͻص
ȥڡ
֮ǰȥ̫ѧ죬ԕDֻܻʺûиߵʱԪȥ˵һԼûȥ˵
ԕDµһǳ
Ȼˣڶȥ̫ѧһºܲ
˰죬ԕDڰں忪ˡ
ʵڲǺӲ
һúھ͹ĵѯʶ⼸̫ѧô
ԕDǳϸظ˵˵̫ѧѧʵܡ
ܵ˵̫ѧθĸĵĻ㲻
⻰˼кܶط㲻⣿
ţһЩطҲ⡣ԕDɫ˵̫ѧĶĳûнʿ
ڱ仰Цˣ̫ѧôܻʿ˵꣬˵һӪʿ
ԕD˵ԺǽһУɣרʿȻ̫ѧʿǾ⽨һѧУ
΢㵵У
ԣУԕDǳظڽУô
һ㵣һ𾪡
뷨ܺá
ǵ޳𣿡УղͻȻ뵽ġϸ룬нУıҪ
֧㽨У뷨ܵǵķԡ
ǷԾͷ¡ھⷽ棬ԕDǲںĳǵ뷨
ڽǲܵġ
ҲڽҳٽڽѧУ͵λεظĳǣҪոʮݡڲʱĳ֪顣ڽѧУ֮ǰúúõ׼һûǲеġ
ú׼һжźٸ˵
ã⼸зʲô𣿡
ûʲô飬һЩС¡˼С¸ԕD˵˵ˣͰ¸Ҫˡ
𣿡ԕDϲ˵Ҫˡ
аµ·̣жʮ·̡ڴһфУóӵݸԕDǺͰдĄӡ
Զڹ;еĺͰʱ֪ڻָϳһ£ΪԕDڼϳ
ҿԕDӹӣרעؿ
ڄԕD밲񣬽ŸԕD˵˵ڻ꾩;еţ˵ԕDԕDڴ
ҲڄʺԕDдڻ;м̫ˮһ£ְԕDһ
Ⱥ㡶˵εɷ
ԕDԴûκð
ڵɫ˲Ǳ߻´꣬ǵĵҪˡ
ԕDԣüͷʱš֮ǰýǱ߱ʳҩģ𣿡
ѾˡԵʳ˾ûаˮҪϲˡ
û𣿡ԕDˮҪˮû뵽ʳ˾ڻûá
Чá
Ǿֻٵȵˡ
ָԕD˵Щõ飬ԕDȥ
ûмӣܻʺﻹЩ͵ĵġһĵģܻʺ֪⼸̫ѧغܿġ
ԕDܻʺ˵˵̫ѧʲô飬݋ݣһ뷨
ʲô뷨
òܼҵĺȥ̫ѧ顣ԕDһ˵˵ڲȻ˵ġˡָĳ̫ѧѧδĳܼҵĺҪȥ̫ѧ飬ܽؽӴ˽ЩδĳǡͬʱܼҵĺӶҲǺõġ
ܻʺ˲׶ӵ˼˼һ˵游š˵꣬뵽ǰԕD˵ۼҡּҡ
ԕD˵ûҪɡ
㲻
݋ݣ㲻ǻûѡôڼʲô
Ͳ棿ܻʺԶ⸱ν̬ȸеΣлһ㳤㲻ôС
ܻʺô˵ԕDֻ˵Ǿͼɡ


68 
ƹ, ۼҡּҡظϰѧϰǡ
ϰżܻʺߵĴˣ֪ʺҪټλ
ôˣ
ֽϰʺҪλ
⻰, ֪̫ӵ», ʱý, ͬʱЩڴͼ
ϰûжʲôǶʺʱҪʧ˹ǡ
ﶯһµصͷ, Ŵˡ
ȥ·ϣʱʱס˴˵֣Ϊ˴˹
һӹ, ڵȺȥͨ
, λﵽˡ
ǽɡ
һŴ˽
ʺ
̫ӵ¡
ɡܻʺǳº, һȻĽ顣
лʺ, л̫ӵ¡
ܻʺĵѯ⼸ڹôûﲻϰ, 벻ң£ѧϰ۲ۡ
ۼҹΪ, ֮, ҲΪصһɵػشܻʺĹ⡣
ۼҹشܻʺʱּҺҵĹһֱ͵͵̫ӵ¡
ԕDǶͿ˹ȥ, ŵæͷ˲, ˵ͲѸȾ˺ɫ
ʱ, ԕDͿ˿, öܺÿȻ󣬾ûˡǲСѾͷ
ܻʺôˮ͵ġ
ԕDĶ棬Թؿ̫ӵ¡
ܻʺע⵽ıһ˲÷ǳ𾪣ʧЦĲ˵˵DDĳ࣬ǾǺÿġ݋ݵԿ䣬DDƯĺӡ
ܻʺԕDһһ
˵˭ʱ˭վԕD
ԕD̬ȷǳڲܻʺЩ䲻ˡ
݋ݣҸûضˡﶼˣûضˡ
ܻʺͷãȻȥ
Ӹˡ
æȥֵ˵ԕDֱۣʵ£㿴һأ
ԕDûлش⣬ֱ͸һۡ
£öܺÿ㿴һأı鿴ġ
ԕḐ²ƨɣ㻰ࡣ
£Ǻ𣿡

ԕDɫЩģС̽ʵ£㲻ûпаɣ
ûʲôвеġԕDĮ˵
ԕDشŪˡ
ԕDҲ˵ʲô̧Դˣȥˡ
ԕDǻصѾڵˡ
ԕDȸǸϾ֮ǰȥ̫ѧѧûǰ˵
ûйԕDǹĵѯ⼸̫ѧѧѧô
ԕD֮ǰںͲܻʺ˵Ļٴθ˵һ顣
ܽѰ
ïǳĺѡЦ˵ïһǳвŻˡ
ΪܽһϹŰ壬û뵽ͦİԕDӡܶѧо̣ϹŰ壬ظܶһ磬ǸֺܿȤͷ
ïҪ֪˵ϹŰ壬һίġЦïϹŰ壬֮ǰĸĸͲͬˡ
ҲŶ
ָԕD˵һЩܶõ飬ҫ
⸱ҫĿô°ԕD
£ïĺвŻ˵£´ȥ̫ѧï顣
ܽп𣿡ԕD΢΢üʵܽԸ𣿡
ïҪ̫ѧƽûʱ飬Ҫȥ̫ѧĻпս̵Ҳո뵽ģÿȥ̫ѧ죬ï̵ܽ顣
ðѯܽԸԸ⡣˵̫ӣҲǿ˽̵
ïġܽڽ̵ԕDԕD˵һܺ顣£⼸̫ѧѧѧʲô
ѧˡ򴫡һЩݡԕD򵥵ظ˵⼸ѧݡ
˺ȻǷǳȣΪԕDûпʼѧ򴫡ȥ̫ѧѧѧ򴫡ѧûͷûβȴˣطǳ̡
ıЩ죬ԕDɻʵ˵Ĳ𣿡
£˵ĺܶԡЦȳ򴫡ʱٸúõؽ⣬ǻǼѧ顷ɡ
á
ϵʱĿγ̽ȵʱԕDʷǡ
ԕD߽ͱͻϮˣҺӦ죬ȻҪɳС
㣬ôأ㾹Ȼɳң
ȥ̫ѧ棬Ȼȥָ
һŮӣôȥ̫ѧԕDȥ̫ѧѧ档
ȥġĻû˵꣬Դͱ¡
ʱˣԕDԹ
һƲֵģԕD˵´γȥһȥ
ԣ˫۶ʱôƭң
ģµ׾ʹȥ档
ԕD˹ȥһѱסԕDDDˡ
ȥͺãȥͲã㻹
£תƻʵôһ
ҲԕD̫ӵ£ϲһ
ԕDʼ˵ûʲôϲϲġ
DDһϲ𣿡ԕD߽
ܻʺԕDɫʵDD݋˵ϲһ
݋ݣûϲϲġԕDΪε˵֮ǰ˵ֻҪ̫ˣĲҪ󡣡
ܻʺ⻰Σ֪
݋ݣ㿴Űɡ
ܻʺ󣺡ôģôνܻʺ֪˵ʲôá
˵̫ӵ»̫Сˣ֪ʲôϲ
ܻʺҲп
ڹѧϰ¡µʱ㹻˽Σʱܴѡʺ̫ˡ
ԕDȵĲܻʺƨŋ݋ݵ۹⡣
㰡ܻʺֵ¶ӵĶͷΣ硣
݋ݣҶӶˣŰɡ
úúãš
˿̣ƹһţһ˵ԕD
磬Ǵ󣬾͸Žϰżѧǣû졣
̫ӵ³ÿּҹЦ˵
ҹ︽͵ص˵ͷţÿ
ۼҹȴ˵̫ӵ¶Ǻ⡣
ǰɣּҹһ㵣㣬ôôΪ
̫ӵ¼Ǻ󣬶û˵仰뿪ˡ̫ӵµʱۼҹϸɫ
㣬̫ӵҪض飬Ӧòǲϲǡ
Ĳϲǣͻǻȥ˰ɡҹ˵ûǻؼңǾ˵̫ӵ²ûжǲ
ּҹͷ˵Ҿǲȥġ
ۼҹϣҶˡ
˷ܵ˵̫ӵµ顣
ȵδʱϰŹǹǡ
״ݺݵһ֪ǲûб̫ӵ


69 
ںص꾩֮ǰ, ʳ˾Ĺڰˮ˳
ˮһŪ͵˽Ǳߣýϱ̼ǿ̰ӡ֮, ȥ˱߾, ޲̵ĳǽ
ʱգ͢ˮ޲꾩·ưܵķӡ
ˮĳ֣ȻҲ˲Сĺ䶯
֪ˮ̫ӵŪ, Ǻϰٴα𺳵ˡ
Ϊˮһ, ԕDͳ͢ˢһ
һͼʶˮ֮, ȻǷǳӾϲ
ص꾩Ϣ죬Ϳʼϳλ˾ʹ, Ϊ̫̫
ںĻ, ԕDʮֻӭġ
̫ӵ»Ǻǰһһͬʱַǳˡ겻, ̫ӵ¸롣
, ⣬ŷһ̵ԕD顣
ÿ̵ԕD
ֵԕD顣һ˳, ԕDڿĵͼЩʵ£ĵͼʲô
ԕDɫ˼ؿҼǵĽ, 𣿡
԰ϣһġ𿴺, ʵξз, ʱ, ͷһԿĵ֡
һ˵оıŪԲԕDû뵽ھҲвܡֹˣʩĹʿѱĽʿؾû㻹о²ܰ
ԕD佱ĺЩ˼ЦЦ£Ƿǰ˵ʽܽ̽ʿġ
ĸԕDһϲ
˽٣
£˽ĲǺܶࡣ
ĵ˽˵˵ɡ
ԕDĸȤֻð֪һЩԕD˵˵
ԕD꺫Ļĵʵ˸һ˽⣬ͬʱԸɵһ³ġ
£ĵʲô
ԕDûлش⣬ǷʵǸòոģ
ոģһԾ
ԕDͷԣܲܳɹոģ
ԕDɫǳ⣬ͷһݣҲñ
£ʲô
Ȼشңûпոģرߵĳǳأ
д󾪣ǻػشԕD⣺£ҪոģǻܳɹոģĴЩ󡣡˵ֲ꣬һ䣬ҪոģǲӲܵġ
Ρġ֮һֱά΢Ĺϵƽ⡣֮Ĺϵ˱仯ôƽͻᱻơ
£Ϊʲôôʣһ룬òᡭ
ʵʵظ˵벻ոģԕD˵꣬ǿһ飬˵ʵ
˿ԕD˰˵Ȼոģԭǵĳǳء
ã仰͹ˣȻûʧҽĻϣ˺󣬲Ҫκˣŷǡ
⻰ŲµԕDҪ˵ʲô
·ģκˡ
ԕDԺСĴָ
ʧЦСĴָסԕDСĴָҡҡϵһ겻䡣
ԺƷԕDŵùġ
ȹ꣬Ҵոġ
Ȼ
ȻµǺǷǳԾ£Ҫոģ
ԕD˫ֱأЦе˵׼ȷ˵Ҫոʮݡ
ʲôõһ
ʮݵҪԣҸ˵Ӧ֪ɡ
΢΢ף֪
游ǶոʮݣΪǷԣһֱûȥոԕDһ˲÷ǳ£Ҫ游ǵԸոʮݡ
£ոʮݲһ򵥵顣
֪һҪջġԕDĿֱֱضźҲ֪ǻᷴԣǲôԣҲı䲻Ҫոʮݵľġ
̫ӵ²꣬һ˲䣬ϵϡ
¡
ǲһҲŰ㣬ɲҪʧ
֪̫ӵΪΪŻ˵顣ʮֶݣ£ģǵġ
ĴǶƫһ֮ԸǮƽҲԸֿԕD˵һص̾ϢǮƽǳ֮ƣĺʱᷭ˺ԼʱùĻǰա
£˵ǡڻǮƽһ£Ҳǲ̫ͬģ΢ᡣ
ʮǱεһϣֻаʮոεϰղڼ˯һȾʮҲǴεİȫߣҲۣɵҰԽԽҲ˳ЩһֱЧ´Σ涼Ч¡˵ûҰģƭ˵ġЩ֮û̲ΣҪΪ̫СȹЩ꣬ɱεĽǮʺһ˺ԼִΡ
ġɣͷҲҪԸǾɹźͽ
ԕDȸɵĺʹɣȻ˽ɹţ϶𲻵ǱǸϵȥǼʮ꣬һ궼̤ԭ
£޳Ҫոʮݵ뷨ȴǷǳѵġ΢΢üͷ˵Ҳ֪Ĵ󳼷ԡ
㷴𣿡
ԡҪոʮݣ֧ڱɱɧűʱĲ顣
仰͹ˣԕDЦݵ˵Ҿ֪֧ոʮݣںǼУ⡢ͺŷǻǮƽˣͺӦòǣȻˡ
̫ӵΣǳˣ£Զ֧
ԕD˵֧ոʮݣҪúΪе׼Ŷ
·ģ׼ġ
ΪУ²£ȻĳǵսǳŪȨⷽ棬ǿٮٮߡʱǿ϶㣬ż㡣
££Ĳ¡ЩҲͲһߣ
ҳˣԴȥոʮݣҪڳϸЩ̣ڳϣܵһʱ֪Ϸ飬Ҫڳϸ
£ҪԴ⻰ŵˡ
ԣֻԴεĽʿǲŻееظĺɿ⡣
£̫Σˡ
ԕD򵥵ظ˵˵ոʮݵļƻ
дΪ𺳡
£
ҼȻոʮݣȻҪø׼ԕDԺգգ˵ҿɲ׼̡
һƬȣɫǳᶨ˵£Զ֧ǵµĻ˵ʮոģʱһغóã
ʱ⣬ѳýͰǣԷһٶʮġȶ飬ڶһţٺú˵˵
ǣ¡
ԕDһԪɣԪ⡣ȥһЩˣʱ͵Ȼȥܻʺ棬ԕD粻š
ϵʱĿγ̽ԕDš
ŵʱ򣬺ԕD˵˲ٱӪһЩ飬еĶԿ顣
һԵĲ˵Щ飬Ŀɿڴͬʱı˶ԺĿԭΪһǸ޸֮ĳû뵽ھôȻ˲òࡣ
ţԕDͺĵͼ
ھ棬ԕD϶ûко飬Ҳûкöࡣ֮ǰŪôĶҲֻźһЩ
һԕDѧ˲ٶԼĶ̫ˡ
ȻԕDԼĶ٣ǺȴôΪ̫ӵ²꣬ȴ֪Ӫܶ飬ڱ档
һ͸ˣΪ֪ԕDÿ綼Ҫ˯ߣҪ
£ŵù𣿡ЩģҿǵĹϵܺá
ԕD˸Ƿ˵ŵùͰǲһ
ԕDŵùûٶ˵ʲô
ʵͺͺһξܣϧһԕDţȷͻһҪȰ˵֧
£û뵽Ȼô͸Сһû뵽ȴξܡ
˲òࡣԕDִ˸Ƿ˯ˡ
һʱŷ̵ԕD
ŷ޸һԴ̣ԕD˵ոʮһ¡
ϵʱĿ̲ŽԕDȴŲȥ밲컹û밲Ĳɣȥֵˡ
ˡԕD㱨һֱû˵񲡵ĺأԹټȥˡ
ʲô˵ԕD˹ﻹһڡ
纮ȡ
ԕDû˵ʲôŲȥˡ
ŵʱԕDܻʺ˵˺֧ոʮһ¡
ܻʺ΢΢£Ҳû뵽֧ԕDոʮһ¡˺֧֣Զ˵һ¡
ˣˡ
һϲ˵Ͻ˰˵꣬ͱ˱˵ùãô˵һҶþûмϽˡ
ǲڶô
ǽʲô𣿡ԕD֮ǰ˵ûбҪҪ˵һ顣
һ顣ܻʺüͷ˵Ͽ߼ס
ϿԕDüͷһ壬Ȼ뵽ʵ˭ףʵ𣿡Ͽ׷⡣ˣϿʵĵ
ܻʺ΢㵵ô֪
ʵ͸󡣡ȻⲻʵʷϣʵĻʺǸϡǣⲻ԰ʵ͸϶ûбӽϿô߼סô˵
ò⣬ԲŽҡܻʺ˵
ʷϣʵһԷޣڡ
݋ݣô룿
Ͽһһǲģֵַġвٶʵ飬ΨϿǳʵϿ˱Ƚ϶ࡣ
ʷϵϿһ˶ʮӣʵҲӢڣĵʮӡ
݋ݣô˵Ը޸ʵһͻּ⡣Ը޸ʵǾͰܾϿס
ϲȥϿ
Ǿ;ܾϿס
ֻϿټͻ顣ܻʺ¶ǵ˵ټҺϿĹϵϿ׵Ļټ˵Ӧ
Ҹ˵Ӧͻ顣˵Ͽ߼ײ֣Ͼ߼Ǽ佫ҡһֱҶ佫ǣֱ鲻ǱϿô򵥡ϣˡ
ܻʺӵɫЩ̫ԣĵʵôˣ
ž꣬ϿףҾè塣˵Ͽ߼׺Ǹϲž꣬뼰ǻ꣬ھЩ̫ԡһ˵ŮʮһʱףȵŮӼǾͳɻ顣
ʲôè壿
ԕDҡҡͷ˵ʱ֪ܾûбô򵥡
һȥ顣ϿʲôͼıǾͲܵġ
ԕDͷ˵òһ±ȽϺáϣˡ
£ʵ˭Ȼʵ
Ͽĵʮӣûг֮ǰӵ˵£ԕDܻʺ󣬡݋ݣߴһʱôô
ʵ⺢ӻܴҲȽᡣܻʺټҵе񡣡
ԕDһȻѹֵѡ
Ҳ£վǹټҵӣԹټҶ̫ϲܻʺͦϲʵӵġ⺢ӻȽϸж⼸ϿһЩңлҵĽ̵
ô֪ܻʺ֮ǰûиԕD˵¡
ʵ⺢Ӿ±ᣬ뿪󣬴ûܻʺ΢΢̾һ˵Ҳ±ᣬҲû⺢ӡϾ⺢̫ӣӵ
ԕDòʵԼ˼ӦϿϿ˼ȻʵĻӡ
DDʲôܻʺŶӵɫЩأﲻЩġ
݋ݣʵһαͳʱͲС˰ɡԕDһ˵Ӧ֪ӵΪʲô
Ӧ֪ܻʺ˵ɫͻȻˣDD˼ǡ
݋ݣ㣬𣿡Ȼ᲻ģǿ϶ԹϾػؽӵüΡ
ʹϿҲôܻʺοӵ㣬㲻õġ
݋ݣǲһȽϺá첻ʵѾˡᵽʵò롣֪ǲ֮ǰԭ򣬵ҲȾ϶ëûгΪʵۡ
ӲϿܻʺ΢΢׵á
Űɡ
ţԕDܻʺ˵һ뿪
ڻض·ϣԕD£㲻ϲǸʵ
̸ϲϲҾǾϿͻȻ߼Щ֡ԕDȻһʱʵȻصĺܺã۵׻һ˿䡣Ͽûвͼı޵Ͽһѡ񡣡
ʵΪʲô
̫ࡣԕD˵ϿĶ̫ˣЩӾûһ뷨ô
һ뷨ûУܶѵܹ
ԣ㲻ʺϼ޵Ͽ


70 
ص꾩û, Ҳص꾩
󣬱Ϊ֪Ժ̫̫֪ɷרŽ̵ԕDɷ
ȻûԕDʧ, Ҳ޳֧ԕDոʮݡ
˺Ͱ֧֣ԕDĵЩ
ʱ, ԕDûʳ˾ս, Ѿȫȫ˳ͻ꾩
֮ǰڰ꾩ıɽ͸ԕDսսһ, ֱ͵ɽ
ʳ˾㱱óѵ͵꾩
Ȼ㱱ɹռ, 㱱ϰմԼɹˣΪǴˡ
лΪЧ㱱ϰȻʮ⡣
ԕDȥɽ˿, սʮ⡣Լѡһƥս
ϱ, ԕDȥֲμӹѵⷽ, һס
ԕDӱɽһЩսڹ, һЩеĽʣʮƥսͲƽϰ
ʵҲ㱱սȾͲ˲١
, ԕDŷ, ʹŲȥѵϰ䡣
ǵʱ, ܻʺ
ʱ, ܻʺ󾭳ѵʱ, ԕDһѵ
ܼŮܻʺԕDʱѧ
ϰʱŽܻʺԕDǻص
ԴԕDս˻, ܻʺÿ춼ȥѵ, Ȼ÷ǳá
ܻʺжһһսĽϧǴεĻʺûлս
þûдˡܻʺ˵Ҫʱٰһ
һҪٰһСʱͷ˵ðð
݋ݣʱǲҪٰԕDҲ򣬵ڲʱ򣬡Ǳ߳ˣھٰᱻǲεġ
ܻʺ⻰üͷʵǱ߳ʲô飿
ʱգǱһֱ´꣬ˮˮλһֱǡǰʱӹ̼ӺӰӣֻ½Ǳвٵطˡ֮ǰԕDһֱϣԼ룬ʵ֤ĵǶԵġҺǰýǱ׼
ܻʺͷ˵ãʱٰ˵ֹ꣬ĵʵǱˮλǣӦԴʩ𣿡
ʳҩתƵȫĵطԕD΢΢üɫЩص˵ĿǰĴǱߵĵ̰ǳŲ˶áѾּýǱƵذϰճߡȻˮǿӸߵĽǱߵĵ̰ӣˮλԽԽߣԽ̰ӣһˮλ̰ӣͻûׯ͵
ܻʺһǾͺá
ϣǱߵĴͣɡԕDô˵ǱߵĴһʱͣ˵ġ
ǱߵĴҪתƵ꾩ͺˡʱ䣬꾩ԽԽȣꡣˣҲµëë꣬һ㶼졣
ڽ֮ǰ꾩˺ü꣬ˮˮ˵Ȼ꾩ĵᱻɹ÷ǳɡ
Űɡ
ˣԕDСĳӰѺ˺±Ū˳ȻĲĳԲȥ
ţܻʺ˵һԕDŻض
صԕDͲæŶѧϰ
˵ûеȣҲûпյб齵£ԕDǿѧϰʱûȵǺ
ÿ깬ж洢飬ΪľʹáʹҲʹãù滮ʹáҲ˵ÿıʹöһķһʹõı鳬֧ˣǾûˡ
ԕDʹñ黹þϸ㣬ʯƱ
ʯƱɹ󣬿ʹñ齵£ٿٿѵʹá
ԕDʯƱƹ㵽䣬ϰҲõ顣
ûʯƱǰǷǳģ˹кȨʹõƽϰòġʯƱñûôϡ٣۸Ȼ½ߣʯƱҲǳ򵥣ֻҪʯܰѱ
ʯƱĳ֣ϰӺù˺ܶࡣֹˣϰǻñ˺ܶʳ
ʱԪɶɳ
״Ͷе飬ɳ˹ȥ
Ұıɳ
ıɳǳóԣԕDͲһܳԺü롣Ϊǵĳθ룬һֻܳ롣
ͬʱ̫ѧҲĿ顣ǿûбɳԣб齵¡
ԴԕDʯ̫ѧҲ˱ѧǷ飬¡ǰ̫ѧǲᷢѧӣΪ̫ѧûб˱飬̫ѧǺѧ϶˯һþ
һ飬վ塣
ް飬Ĵ⣬|
졣ʵռҵҲǲûкõܴĵزǼòġû뵽̫ѧȻõϱ磬̫ӵȻ뵽ʯƱ
˵̫ӵš
̫ӵµĸ˯һþǰڼҵʱÿ춼ǳȣ˯ʱ򣬾ȵһʱѣû˯þ˱飬ܺúõ˯ˡ磬ʱ磬˯ɡ
á
ڷڿ̫һڵ־һ־ϣϸؽʯƱԭ
Ľζͬʱﾪǳ棬˭뵽ʯƱ
ʵʯúܶ࣬Ʊֻһáܶ˻ϲʯҩʯ̻𡣲ʯƱǴû뵽ġ
ڽҹǱ˰꣬¡ôضڲײеذҹ롣
һҹ֮䣬ˮˮλ̰ӣ˴ׯ͵
׼ϰǶתƵߵذȫĵطʱûΣա
ȽǱ߷ˮϢ꾩ʱϵһĳʹׯˮˡ
ﲻĽǱߵ˸ϣǱߵΡ
ˮ󣬽ǱߵĴûͣƣĳʹׯԽԽࡣֱ֮ĵطûͣ
ȻǱ߷˺֣ΪǰԤ׼ϰյءߣʳҩıĺܺãǱʱּĵ
ɲȥǱ֣ͬʱִȥ˲ʳҩġ
Ȼˮ˺ܶط㹻ĵʳϰǺܰģûг־ŵȺˮϰǺ͹ٸһЭ޸ˮٵĵط
ˮ󣬿϶ᷢߣҲԕDˡ
̫ҽȥ֧Ԯټϣ㹻ҩģǱߵ߱Ƶĺܺãû絽ط
֮ǰǱʰٺˡ͢ȥˮ࣬޺ñˮٵĵ̰ӡ·ӡ
νϵĺַǳأΪǰԤԱǺءΪˣϰǷǳлں̫ӵ¡
ǹټҺ̫ӵǰԤ׼ǽǱһּġߡʱҲӰ쵽ط
Ϊ£ԕD̫ϰĿеԽԽá
֮ǰϰΪԕDǱˮˡȵˮ󣬽ϰΪ˳


71 

, ںʹϳ
ߵλվһλƯ꣬վЩˣһֱϵڻԼ˫, ԼҪôۡ
ע⵽ӵСصһۡ
ԕDյ, η͸һۡ
һ⸱ģ, ֪ͷˡʹʹĵ㡣
ԕDվЩܲˣֱӶ
ǿ̫ӵ, ֪̫ӵ²ͷ, نˣϽꡣ
ڿһĴ󳼣ʵ𣿡
Ƕһµҡҡͷûˡ
վ˵³
ԕDһ⻰, վ, ţ³ˡٲ³Ҫʱ
½, ¶, ԕD֡
ԕDǰȥһץס֣ҡҡ漴챧Թˡ
¶ӵСԴ, ε˵㿴ղųɺͳȻô˵, 硣
ʵˡԕDί˵, ٲ, Ҫ˵ʱ˵, ӷһ, ๾ؽ, Һö
һӽжˣǣŶӣӿ˽Ų
Ԫ׼˵ġ
ԕDһصʹڵس
ڱģӳԵô㣬ȻЩˣŶӳ˼ġ
ԕDڸճģ͡ŷޡǼ˾ˡ
ǼΪ˽ǿԡ
ǿûмˡȻ׼Ķ׼ˣǻҪϸ˶ԡ
ϾҪʼˣŷȻҪڻ㱨ǰ׼
ԕDһŷǻ㱨Ե顣
γĿƾٿϮƳĿƾƶȣƾٿԲһ
ĿƾٿԷΪԺԡԡԺ͵ԡγĿƾٿԷΪԡʡԡԡ
γĽԣʽһʽɵطسֵطԡһʽǿ⸮ԡ̫ѧԡԵȡ
ʷϵĽһУֽԡǣʱգγĽԱ˴죬еԺԡ
Լʼ͢͸طǳӡ
ߣĿƾٿԻŷ޸֡Ȼǲ֣Ҳǿ١׼ȷ˵Ǹ࿼ǲ࿼ԣҪ࿼ʡԡ
ʡֽԣʡ֡μʡԵˣȻǽԵĺϸߡʷǽԺĵڶ괺пԣ·ݿԡ
ȻʡԻ£ǻҪ׼ãȷһʧ
岩ǽƾٿԵĳˡĽԺʡԵĿⶼǳġڽԺʡԿԽ֮ǰǶܳżˡ
ԕD֪ʷϵγʲôģʱյγƾٿԵĳҪģֹܷƾٿԵĿй¶
ŷǵĻ㱨ûʲô⡣
ټңĵԣٳĿˡȻԻкøµʱ䣬ǵԵĿǰáʵԵĿ󲿷ֶˣ󼸵Ⲣûжáһ˵Ե󼸵Ŀǻʵ۶ġ
ڿһԵĶӣ˵DDԵĿ
ңԕDָָԼһԾ˵
ԣԵĿӽʼھҪԕDϳ¡룬öӲǿԡ
ԕDº˵ð˵ֲ꣬ҵúúʲôĿ
ŷǼԕDĵĿûзԣ෴Ǻڴ
̫ӵ£Գ۵Ŀ
۰ԕDתתʵ۵ĿҪھʷӼҿ𣿡
ŷ˵£Ŀ
ԕD˫˵ˡ
㲻ҪҳĿڵĶﺬǿƾٿԡ
ģҲϹĿġԕD˵ҪǰԵĿ⡣òοԵĿ⣬֪ô⡣
ø
ԕDһ𿴄ӵʱ򣬸һۡ
£ڻԕDôԕDҲ˵Լ뷨
һӣŷ޾ͰǰĵԿԕD
ԕDؿ˿ֵԵĲĿȡԾʷӼһÿʱº;ʷӼһĿʲôĿ⣬˼ǡ
ڼһ˼ģʵ뵽ôأ
˵˼ԕDЦе˵ʵߣѵ·;ʷӼһ⡣
⻰Ȥ˵뷨ܺãʲô飿
⼸곯͢䷢Ĵ¡ԕDһ˵ѧǲֻ飬Գ͢䷢šǵʱ˽⳯͢Ĵ£˽飬ǿ˺󣬲ܸõΪ͢ЧΪϰ¡
ھԕD뷨ܺãͬصͷ˵˵꣬˵һ䣬ڴĿ
ԕD΢΢°ͣһ˵ʧġ˵꣬վ˵ҵûضˣȻҪȼˡ
ǰͻص꾩󣬾ͽ̵ԕD塣ڸѧϰš
ԕDڻض֮ǰȥһԺҷ͡
ڵԕDˣæšš˹ȥ
ڻض·ϣͿԕDһԕDǰѧݱһ飬Ȼֽһ
ԕDһֲȫ˳Ҳ׼ȷؽͳĺ塣
ۺӣĵؿ佱ԕDѧúá
ԕD⼸Ϊ۰Ϊ
֮ǰصʱԕDҩĺͲƷúñӡǰص꾩ԕDӸΪģÿ¶̫ҽ⼸͵ԕDļල£ĺܲ
ΪˣԼļ˶ǳлԕD
ԕD͵ӱãҲǷǳˣͬʱҲǳгɾ͸УΪı˷͵ˣû÷ʷء
˶ͼ̵ԕDšϵʱŽ
£ǵó֮ǰ˵𣿡
֪λУԕDôܲǵáҪμӽĿƾٿԣ
⵹ûУ꾩̫ѧѧϰǰͻص꾩Ҳһֱرϵ꣬ذܶȫˣҺͷҵ鼮ûзŹдŸ߷ͣûɿˡô˵ͽ꾩
˵Ժ鼮˵̫ѧ鼮ֵ̫ؿܳһʱˡ
ʷϵʱû꾩ظһǰ꾩
Ǻ°̫ѧһֱڸĸҸĸĵķǳáڵ̫ѧֻѧ徭ȫؽ̵ѧӣġȡˣҪʶ
£ҡ
ԕDЦ˵ϲвŻˡ
ֺԕD˵һˡ
ԕDŲǰͲܻʺһš
݋ݣڿʲôԕDܻʺŻΪֵõ˺ûǰ£־Ȼǻ񣬶˵Ļ񡣡݋ݣôڿ˵Ļ񣿡
ῴЩĸȽϺá
ԕDܿµ݋ݣòڸѡɣʮ꣬ٹ¾Ҫˡܻʺһֱڸѡ
ڸϽʮ꣬ٹҪˣԴӽ꿪ʼҪѡ
ǰϿΪʵ߼ףǱ߼Ҿܾˡû뵽Ͽȥ߼ס
Ͽţ߼Ҿ϶£Ͽġ
߷˾ܻʺæŻ¡Ȳܻʺѡѡ󣬽ʱڴͻ顣
Ļ¶ûаźãĻ¾Ͳô˰ɡ
Ȱϵ¶ãϿģȻϿ߼סܻʺ˵ţ˵¡
ţҰúÿ¹ͱҸúúõذѰѹء
ʵĻ²˵ʱøޣȵʮʱˡ
ʮ޸ոպãҲñʮˡ
ǹԶʮˣϲСܻʺ˵ŮӶʮ̫ˣᱻġ
˭㰡
϶ʮ̫ˣǸʱ㶼ɻˡԕDʮˣǸʱӦóɻˡ
ʮ꣬Ҫɻ顣ʮʱѾɻһˡ
Ҳֻʮˣܵȵʮꡣܻʺø϶¡
ԕD⻰˵ʲô
Ѿںš
ԕDŵ㣬֪мġ
ǰʼݺ͸ͲšҪΪˣУ˵ǲһžͲ̫á
ȻһţݻǾó͵
ʨͷ޶ģһҪܻʺе޶ޡǰּҹҹһ빬ѧϰºͨ˲ܻʺĿˣ˹СܻʺԽ̵Խĳɫ
ڹк󣬾ͺ͸Ϊ˺ѡһֱסһƽһѧϰӰ롣
ûŴݵĺóգȴ̳ĺóա޲ʮ꣬һֳȫ
СѧʨͷԕD󣬺ܸӵؼһʨͷ
ܻʺæʵζô
ͦóԵġ
޲ѧ˺õĳգѧŮ졣
ݵŮҲǳãȫܻʺŮһˣϾСѧպͱ
޶֪ǳ˵ġܻʺԽ̵ޣͰϱԴ
ΪвڣҲԕDһš


72 
, ԕDͲذܻʺ󿴻
Ǳֵÿһǰл񶼿ˣȴһûпϡ
݋ݣҵЩ˶аԕD˵, ȫ档
һԷصͷͬǣȫ棬ûһõġ
ûһϵĽͱ㡣ԕDδĽͱҪǳ, ݋ݣѡɡ
ùãѡһЩõİ
ܻʺԕDͲĻЦˣѡЩ˶꾩ǵſ
ʲôЩ꾩ǵſԕDһŵı, 꾩ĺ˶𣿡
ùã㿪ЦİɣҲһı顣
ܻʺԕDǣֺЦ˵Ҹѡ, ȻҪȫ꾩õſ
݋ݣЩ˲ſ
Щ˻ſܻʺûʵ, ˵˵ʲô˲ſΪ˸͸ϵĻ, ܻʺһֱǡޡ꾩ſ, ȻٴЩſѡõġŵ˵ϵЩſǾһһѡѡģ꾩õꡣ
ԕD˵Ҫһɡ
һصͷԣĲſֻ˲ſ
ģܻʺֱԕDǵĻЦ, ģȫ꾩ֻһңϾͲüˡ
Ʋļ˵˵, ʮֿ, ַǳвŻ, 꾩ǧŮɰ
ðɣĵȷң˶ҶĲѰɡ
԰ҶҲ
Ҫնô˵һûꡣܻʺʧЦնҲҡ
ȻûвúÿǳҲʮֿʡټϣĸߴ䣬Ǹ۲۵Ĵ˧硣
ң꾩ˡԕDޱȿϧ˵Ǿֻȫˡ
ҪѸϼ޵ȥ
꾩Ҿǻ꾩ԕDһ˵ҾͲȫξûϽͱǡ
ܻʺִ¶ӵĶͷҪҰ
݋ݣΪ˽ͱҸ㡣
ˣǵڰʡܻʺضԕDǻ˻֣ߣϿߡ
݋ݣô˰
ڸҵҡܻʺ˵ָ꣬ԕDߣˣǿ߰ɡ
ԕDͲϳ
£ùòĴӸղЩѡ˰ɣ
݋ݵ˼Ӧǵġ
ù̫˰ɡ
ԕḐ²ļɭɭЦȋ݋ѡ˺ȥ顣
˲ԕD˼¶ͬЦ£һҪúõؼ顣
վһԵԪɺԪرԕDͲϵЦŵˣͬʱͬδ
صԕDͲȥ˯ˡ
һʱŷѾڵˡ
ðǸеĿԴ󲻴󣿡꣬޺ǶμӿƾٿԡԺʡԣԕDһͨԵĻͲһˣϾܲμӵԵ˶ٮٮߡ
Ժܴ󡣡ŷ޶ǳġ
ŷô˵ԕDͷˡ
ǾͺáʵҲģʷϵʱǲûμӿƾٿԡ³ԲŻôŷޡ
£û𣿡
ҶǵȻģﻹ̲סġ
£ͽйҡŷްο·ģǿеĿԺܴ󡣡
ô˵ˣǰǿ϶ܿСԕD˵Ҳ̵ǡ
£ҽ̵ǲ࣬ҪǿԼŷĺϲǣҲǳǵĲŻһֱڷܵĶ顣
⵹ǡԕDЦ첻ˡ
ŷ뵽һ飬ɫ£ǻ֪ʵݣǿкͻ֪ʵݣʱô찡
ϣʱҪŵǡһֱΪǲܼҵĺӣ̫ӵǱֵܡ֪̫ӣֻ»һϣʱǲҪʵһ¡
ֻ»ŵǡ
ʱǹҲʵݣҪԼ䰡ԕDϣǵ֪ʵݺ󣬾ͺԶҲ֪ʵݺ󣬿϶ǰϾݵλ⡣ǣ˵ϣܺǼѡ
ԕDһĲı飬ŷ޶ȰЦЦ·ģʱһ˵û
仰ͷˡǷǳŷޡߣŷ޺ѳΪ˺ѡŷ޲ǵǵĲ
ǰ죬䭴꾩󣬵֪ӰŷΪȻҪԵŰݷá
ŷ޺䭵ĲŻΪˡ˿˵һʣܿͳΪ˺ѡҵĹϵǳã߶
֮ǰŷ޻Ƽȥ̫ѧ䭾ܾˡʵ䭺ʺȥ̫ѧ䭾ԼԼ̺ܽӣΪǸסڽˣûġ
䭺ԕDƼȥ̫༭רŸѧ־ߣԼƽʱҲϲʫģڡѧϿǡ
ֵҲֵ̫־ϷԼʫĺͻһ˿ѾԼ
Ǹǳã꾩Ȧ쵱ǸֻҪһʫģͻǵѧǹۿ
ǸдʫʣһֱȺĹǴҾó˥
ֵ֪Ҫμӿƾٿԣ꾩ǵѧǶܲܿ״Ԫˣ꾩ĸķҲڶܲܿ״Ԫ
󲿷ֵǶܿ״ԪֻСֵ˶ǿСɴ˿ɼ꾩ǵ˶ǳġ
ֵȣԵûʲôڸСʵǷǳвŻģĲŻʫϡϲоҲǱеѧ
ѧУֻ徭ͳʲôĶѧ
ѧѧƲϵġԴ˺⡣
Դֵ̫ġιơⱾ־󣬾ϲоѧԕDӰ£ϵֽһ
˵͵˵ǰԕDѾžų˷ƹһ¡꣬žų˷ĳֿ羪κ˰ĺ䶯
žų˷Ͽڣǳʵáһ־ܵϲƳ硣
Ȼѧǲѧžų˷ʵҪõžų˷ĳ֣̫ˡ
žų˷˶裬꾩СǶᳪûжСҲᳪߣ˾žų˷ûж˶
ԶˣԹ
ڷܵض飬Ҳ̿оȤĶȻûоԲѾͷˡԕDòãоԲ϶
϶ͻԲ飬ԕDûֱӸҲûԼŪǵԼо
˿̣Ÿոõĵ
Ԫؼˣæǰȥӭӣ۹˰Ȼ۹ﻹûбټҴͻ̫ӵ£˶֪۹δ̫Թÿ˶ʮֹ۹ﲢû˾Ͱδ̫ļƣԹÿ˶ǳº
Ԫ͵ġ޵̬ȷǳ
»ûϢˣ۹ٵȵȡ
˵ҵȵȡԭľߣ뵽컹ûм̫ӵ£


73 
Ԫȥƫ, ƫϢһ
۹Ȳ衣
лл
Ϊ̫ӵϲݵĲ裬ҲϺȳݵĲ衣
γȲ裬϶ǴĭԕD̫ϲֲ, ͰѺĳݲŪ˳
Щ, Ӱ£ںͲܻʺǶ˳ݲ, һЩҲϲȡ
Ĳ趼Ǻò衣ںȵĲǰýǰ
鷿, ŷ޸ոոԕDΡ
Ԫؼ״˽, , ۹ˣƫ
˵£ȳȥرһ¡Ȼ˵ԕDİ, Ƕ˵Сټϣʮ, ӦҪӵġ
ԕDͷ, Ԫ˵ɡ޳Ϧദ, ԕD⡣
, ¡
ûһ, ޾ʳ˽ȸԕD˸񣺡̫ӵ¡
ɡ
л¡޳ԕD˹ȥ, ʳеĵȡ˳, ҽ˫Ƥ̡, в
ЩִĵĶԕDŪġ׼ȷ˵, Ͷ˶Ƥ, ġȻ̸ֽޡ
Ȱ˫Ƥ̶˵ԕDǰ£ȳ˫Ƥ̡˵꣬˵һ䣬ûôǣô𡣡֪ԕDԵģϲ̫ģϲԵ
ԕDֽӹ˫Ƥ̣Ҩһڳ˳
վһԣ˫۽ŵؿԕD
ԕḐЦЦζ
ԕDô˵޵ϲ¶һĨЦ²ͺá
ʨͷҲܺóԡԕD佱ȫ̳Сĳա
ԕDôޣֿģϵЦҲñȴǫ˵ȣһԶеѧ
Ҳ԰ɡ
á޲ûоܾԕDһԵġ
ԕDʲô޸͸ѧʫġ
ʫģ޺ԕDһţ˾𸣿Ļ¡
£ʺΪѡ÷𣿡
ʵİɡԕDǺ˽޵ӣǾѯ¡
ԕDһۿ޲˼ЦЦ˵ˡ
ûѡáԕD˵ҺͰ݋ݿ˻ûһõģ档
޾ˣ棿ܰʺѡ϶ѡ꾩õſôܻѡ档
ҺͰһûпϡ
Сؿڣ£ǵ۹ǲ̫ˣ
𣿡ԕDôãδĽͱ벻ܱȶɡ
⻰ĬĬһ
£㰴ղܼҶӵı׼ҵĻ꾩ǵſ档ܼҵĴӺͶӶ꾩Ĺӣ˲˫ȫһ˲ţ꾩ĹӶǡ
û뵽꾩һſûС
ǵҪ̫ˡ
ʵۼмӸ͸Ͳ󣬵Ѿ̫ˣôۼҾͲٺͻʼҲٺͲܼ
˵Ǹ߼ˣҲǲܼˣķۼˡ
ǴΨһĹȻҪ涼㡣
ʵҡǴΨһĹȨҪȢ˲࣬ӻĶӶԸȢΪȢͲܲ
ι涨ܲһȡ˹˾¾ԵˣҲζȨûκιϵ
һְʺȨЩûʲô־ӵܡǶˣֿϣԸѡ
𸣿ϵķͺѡˣֻҪۼˣ˼Ҷԡ
Ϊִˣǽܲɷ檵ġҪķֻһӣȨǲܡȨӵܣ϶檡
Ҫһһޣֻ¼ޡǣ¼ֲܼ޵̫
ķڽ꿼еѧѡɡ¼޽꿼еѧӵǿԡ
⡭᲻ί߹أԸ߹ļȫܼ޵ŵԵ˼ңܼ޵ҡ
Ҫһһޣֻ¼ޡ
һһޣһ𾪣ôܣ
ʲôܡԕDؿһޣ޳ɲ֧һһޡ
ԕDô˵ͷݺһɫԾԕD
µĻʲô˼
ˡ
ԕDһģ˵ԺҲֻһҪ׼
仰סŻˣ˶ˡ
Լ֪ͺˣʱҪߋ݋ݡԕDȫ֪ⷬжྪ춯أǳ
£㡭̫𺳾ˣһʱ䲻֪˵ʲô
֪㲻̫ţġԕD֮ھ͸˵飬Ҫһ׼պæûôʱ;˷ںϣһ͹ˡ
޵һ˲䳤ͨ죬ľ޴롣
⡭⡭
һ򶨵ڴ˿̳׻ˣˡ
ԕDһι޵ԵģȻȥҸղŵĻ
޲֪Լôصġ
صҲþûлع˴ھ޴С
۸ôûаѡ
뿪ԕDͲŸʷΡ
֮ǰԕDǸѧˡʷǡԺǾʹܿʼѧϰʷ
ʷΣѾʱˡ
ԕDȥͲܻʺһš
²ܻʺһŹµͲÿ춼ȥš
޶˵ʲô⺢һ綼л㱵ģܻʺһԕDʵ
ԕDһ޹û˵ʲôǿ䣬˵ĳղ
⣿ܻʺɵؿŶӣû˵ģ
݋ݣ˵ʲô
һЦ£ǲǸ۹˵ϲ
ܻʺֶô˵úпܡ
ѹ޶һ綼㱡
ܻʺˣԕDҲý͡
ˣڱķѡһ뷨
ܻʺƶתƻ⣬֪ӺˣǳĵûپŸղŵĻš
ʲô뷨
ӽ꿼еѧѡɡԕD˵˵¼ˣδıɲ۸㣬Ҳ
⵹ǲܻʺͷ˵ʱ򿴿꿼еѧӲòô˵μӿƾٿԵѧӣܻʺȻ뵽ԕDѣDDѲͦõô
ԕDû뵽ܻʺϣǿЦõ˵ǲСһٸӣҲҼޡ
ΪʲôУ
ԺҵسҲϣǱȨǣԕDⷬ˵ð١
ܻʺ׶ӵ˼ʱ뷨
ǾͿѧӡ˵꣬ʵķأ
ԕDʼ˵ķû뷨݋ݻҰɡ
ܻʺָָӣ漴εҡҡͷ˵㰡
¡ùãҶӶˣŰɡ
ãš
ŵʱԕDͲܻʺ˵˵ѧݡ
ţܻʺԕDǱ
ٹ꣬ԕDҪȥʰġ⼸ԕDҪѧϰֱ
ܻʺѧһʱıԕDͲŻض
ڴǷ޴лع鲻ؼָˡ
׼ȷ˵κģԕDǷ
˵֪檺Ҳϣɷֻһӡ̫ӵ¸Ժֻһӣô
־²ܵģ뵽̫ӵ¸˵⻰ʱı飬̫ӵ²ƭ˵ġ
ްԼڱڱ͵͵ЦЦķǳۡ
ʱԕDĥһ¡
귢˲飬һЩҪԕDļȽϺá
ʵԕDйʮݵĿҪô϶ᱻء
ǳȽʵĿ⣬ѧ̤̤ܲʵʵ¡


74 
ڽԿ֮ǰ, ԕDȥ̫ѧǡ
ԕDÿ¶ȥ̫ѧһȥǣһ߸ܶѧϰ
ȻԕDѧʲôĲȤ, ԺĴм, ܶѧʶԨͨ͸, ѧϰ, ԕDǳ
»ûȥ̫ѧѧϰ, ô˻ȥ̫ѧܶѧϰ
ǼԕD̫ѧѧϰ, ʮָˡ
ȻϾҪμӽԣ̫ѧûΪҪμӽԾ͸ǽԵĿ⣬ǸһϿΡ
̫ѧΪѧҪμӿƾ, ΪǽƾٿԵĿ⡣ѧܲܿУҪԼ, ǿ̫ѧƾٿ⡣
ԕDĿƾٿԵĿ⡣ԕDĸ, ǶԿƾٿԵĿһ˽⡣
һֱϵĿƾٿԵĿ, ҰЩоķǳ͸ԽԺʡ, ǻǷǳĵġ
Ϣʱ, ԕDǴѧ
ǰ䭴꾩, ֵʹ̫ѧѧ˳ʣһסԕDÿ¶̫ѧѧ, ʱסһ
ٹҪ, ڵô, ̫ѧｫٰԡ
̫ѧٰ, һôǾѧǲûصϼҲμӽԡ
Խ̫ѧﻹٰʡԣʱѧҲûصؿԡ
Ȼֻ̫ѧѧӲ̫ѧμӽԡʡԡǲ̫ѧ￼Ժͽԡ
ص̫ѧѧ˵һǳõ飬ȻҪرزμӽԺʡԾ̫鷳ˡ
˵ʵЩšȻǶԽԺģ黹ƲסĽţϾǵһβμӿƾٿԡ
ͷǳš
ЦЦҲܽš
ôûĿаԕDȤ˵Կǿƾٿ򵥵ĿԣҪԶУǾ꿩
֪ԕDǹڶǣǲûǶԽԻǺĵģֻǵһβμӿƾ٣Իš
ǵøϿӦȻȵԣҪô죿ԕD˫˵ԣǿҪ巵￼ԣǸʱټһ棬ۿǿԡ
ԕDô˵жʱһۣ㲻Ҫǡ
ҿûǣ˵ĿɶʵԕD˵ԣ˹ټڣкܶڣ˵Ϊ𾴵ͷͣӼ岩ǡ
⻰ּֽΡ
ۣǻûвμӵԣھ˵ԣǡ
ǰ׼Զţǿô찡ֶдˡԕDǵҺŷǳǣǲҪʧ
ǿЦۣڸѹ
ڸǶԕD͸һõЦݣһܿеġ
εЦô˵ǲòа
̫ѧѧӣ̫ѧμӽԺʡǷǳġԕD˵ǿԾܻѧ˯Ϣ꾩ѧӿԲ뿪ԺԼĺŷҪǿãǾ˵ȥˡЩôһô̫ѧѧǲμӽԺʡԵʱ̫ѧΪṩ緹ʱ͵ÿѧӵĺŷǳԱ
ΪʲôôѧӼԴҪ̫ѧһ̫ѧǳãһ̫ѧѧӲμӿƾٿԷ㡣
⵹ǣܶĽ̫ѧ￼ԡｻ˲̫ѧѡЩرĽ̫ѧѧӡ
ôҵ̫ѧǶԵİɣ
ԶԶԣǳԡЦ˸㡣
ҿǶܿеģʷǳߵġԕDգգۣһҪаȻҪҵˡȻҵ黰ԕDȷע˲Ǯ
ۣǾе
ԕDһ޹˵ûжԼô
ûС֪ѺֵܸУʷǳߡ
ҾǿѺԼСԕDٺٵؼЦǿɴ׬һʵġ
ۣעҪáĳȰ˵ԕDҪѺע
ԕDʾѺעΪͼһ֣Ϊ׬Ǯ
ѧϢһǻصѧü飬ԕDֱȥܶá
ԕDȻ̫ѧ飬ǲûкһ飬ǵܶý̵
̫ѧ죬ԕDͻصС
ǰԕD顣
ΪԕDǲܼҺӣԕDҵĵйص鼮
ԕDһعȥ˺ԺĶﲢûĵ鼮ǺԺ϶С
μ̫ӵ¡
ɡ
£Ժʲô飿ʵ
˵ԕDʦ֣ΪҲŷ޵ѧԕDһЩŷ޶顣
ǰŷ޴ػԕDʶˡ
ʦ֣Ҫйĵ鼮ԕD˵꣬뵽ҲȤæ˵
£ĵȤ𣿡ɲ̫ӵµʦ֣̫ӵ¼ֽʦֻ̫֡ӵôС
ңһѣĵǳȤԕDЦ˵̫ѧйĵ鿴ˣҽ裬ҶﲢûЩ飬ԾԺҡ
ԭˣԺдӹĵ鼮ҡ˵ȳҵ󣬸ȥ
Ǿ鷳ʦˡԕD˫ֱȭ˸Ҿ
æ񣺡ˡ
ˡԕD˻֣ͻȻ뵽ʲôͣ½Ų˵ʦ֣ûµʱ򣬿ȥֵԺȺȲ衢尡Ǵΰ˴֮һཻѧܶණʦ֣㲻Ҫ˼Ҷġ
ҪǲһȥȲ塣ŷҲ˵ȥԕD̫˼ڣԕDŸȥ
ʦ֣˵㻰ҿǻŶ
һȥġ
ԕDƤ˵ʦ֣ݰ
£ˡ
ʦ֣ˣˡ
ߡ
ԕD뿪Ц
Ȼ¹Ϊ̫ӣǴȴǳºС
뿪ԺԕDոȥԺͰǺһ裬һ졣֮󣬲ȥ˸
ڼˣ֣һϢ
һǺϢԕDڴ˵ʲôϢ
ʯҪ꾩ˡ
ļٵģԕDЩ̫ŵ˵֮ǰ˵Ҫײܻ꾩ô
ǰˣǻڵǰص꾩
ǿ˰
ٹһʱ䣬ǾҪݶ꾩
Ҫ˰겻ԕDǺֵġ
޼ǵ֮仹жԼôûӮ֣
ȥԕDһ漴͵վ˵Ҫ˰
ҪˣŶӣҪˣ
ϸдŸңݵȫˡֹˣдŸĺѣĺѼ鵽ݡԕD˫ֱͷ˵ֿǧˡԭΪԼ֣ܳû뵽˲ˣٶ졣ʱ䣬˲ǧ顣ȣһ䶨ˡ
Ҫ˼Ҹˡֻ˵
ԕDص̾˿֪Ͳִˡ˵꣬ȻЦȻҶûֶ࣬ҵֱдĺÿԕD鷨˺ܶ࣬ϾһȺнŷǲʫдĺã鷨ҲǳУҵ±дĺáȻʫûдĺá
˼ֻʯ̵أСͱʦ̵Ҫ鷨·Ȳ֣ͶԲǵĽ̵ˡȡЦ˵ʲôõġ
⵹ŶԕDʼ˵ֻܽˡҶ˵ţֲšʯʲôְλỹȥְɣ
ʯǳвܣδݻҾͲȥءһֱݺʯϵΪݸ󡣡
ֻʯԸھСԕDԵ˵;̫ȤϲΪϰʵ£λ꾩ǻҪȥء
βȥأ޻꾩ڿһԕD˵ʯ֮ţðԺá
𣿡ԕD°˵аǵȻʯı䷨кܶ⣬Ҳвٿȡ֮
˾Щɣʯı䷨ʯһ䷨ˣʲôˡ
ʯȷ֮ţʶ˺ŪȨⷽ治̫С
˵ŪȨһ£һȨ棬ô;Ͳ᳤á
Ժʯ䷨ĺõģõȻ
Ҿùݸְ֮ס
ùݸСˣ
⵹ǣʯϲʵ£ʵ¡ԕD뵽ʷϵʯ¼ڵѾǵ¼ʯɡ
¼һȣʯɷ𣿡
Ȼʯְڼ䲻Ǵܶ¼ôҫϰճү
޿ǿ
룬һȥдŸ֡


75 
ԕDûмŻض, ȥĲɣܻʺ󲢲
ʱ, ܻʺѵ޺͸䡣
ڽ֮ǰ, ûѧϰ, ϾǸʱ̫СǰͿʼŲܻʺѧϰ
ܻʺ书ʮ־տ, ޵´ࡣ
ʦͽֻ޳ʮΪۼң棬ǳ츳
һѧϰѧֻ꣬, ѧ, ˵аģаӾͲˡ
ޣ÷ǳãаĵļҲǳ
ܻʺ˵ҪжԺһΪһĽ졣ʵ޺Ͳܻʺ񡣴СͱϺ츳, ַǳ͸ϧŮ
ΪЩԼԲܻʺ۰δĶϱ
֪ܻʺѵϰ䣬ԕDܹȥ˿
ʱ, պÿһаĵһĻ
ãվһΪ޹ơ
Ȳ, תͷ˹ȥ, ԕDڸвһԕD˹ȥԕDʮĵطȻߵԕDǰԕD˸񣺡̫ӵ¡
һɫװ޶һӢֶһѣĵʮֵҫۡ
Ĳ
лµĿ佱ԕD佱̵ģ£ջѻ𣿡֪ԕDм̫ѧ
ջǻеš
£ѵһβμӿƾ٣ſ϶ġ
ԕDԶܻʺڽ̸΢΢üͷôһ㶼ûн
Ҳ˹ȥ£ԡ
ԕD˿ޣһ˵Ǳһѡ
޾£˵£ҲĶ֡
ҿ˶١ԕDЦеؿ˵Ҫǽн
һнһ˫ÿʱ
?£Ҫʲô
ҪʲôҾͽʲô
ãҺ͵ȡ
ԪɰԕDƽʱǣ˹һƥߴĿȫڣûһʣƤëʮֵľ
޵һƥģҲǷǳá
˿̣Ѿ
£ҪôȰ
ͱ˭еİĶࡣ
á
ûһ˾ͱ
ϣ
ܻʺ͸ԕDڱԣ˵һԹۿ
ʮ֧ԕDÿһ֧ʸаġҪԕDЩ˰֧ʸ֮ǰ޸ԕDԣֻ֧ʸ
ıԣҪ֮ǰһ֧ʸԽˡ
ˡԕDЦʵҪʲô
£һûãٸ㡣ͻȻҪʲôһʱҲ벻
СԕDߵǵߣЦ㣬ѧѧ꣬һ㳤ûа
ܵܳЦŭصԕDۣҪܡ
ԕDſϣŪ㣬ҿ㻹ǲҪѧˡ
ѧѧʲôϵ
㣬˵㣬˵ﲻãŮѧãҲáԕDֱӣޣҲ̫ãʲôᣬǳ˰
ܵôЦĴеDD
㣬϶Ҫˣ˵ʲôᣬô˰ԕDһ̾˵ֻּܵͻ飬Ȼһ޲
DDĳԕDеޣԕDض˹ȥ
ԕDµ˲̧¸µøͻȻ
ŵü݋ݣ
ܻʺǳݵϣһֱסһסǣͣ
δڲܻʺĻ˳
ܻʺɵԕDǳ޹ǽ޻ңˣȻҪֻعǷǳά˵ġ
ܻʺĸĺ󱳣˺ ûˡ
ӲܻʺĻ̧װͰ͵صԕD㲻Цңô㡣
㣬˵ʵڲܻʺ£ԕDֻøĿڣ㣬ҴˣҲЦ㡣
ߣһûٴԕD
ԕDӣԲܻʺ˵݋ݣһȻȥˡ˵꣬ˡ
ڲܻʺްο£ڲˡ
ԕDһصȸдš
ǰոԕDһûȥ̫ѧȥ˲ܼҵׯӣ鿴ɱǾѵ
⼸꣬ԕDĳĳǶĹעԽԽ࣬͵ԕDûȥܼҵׯӹۿɱǾѵ
ȵ
ôˣ
ȥš
ڣ޾ԕDһš
ԕDһ۴⣬ŷѾʱĿˡе飬վٸ˫֣
£㿴ʲôôԣܻʺʱˣӻû
ĵԵĿ⡣ԕDߵ޵ߣǳȻǣ֣ҳԵĿ⡣
΢΢סԕD֣ĵʵ£óʲô𣿡
ûãϾ¹ѧǵǰ̣ҵءԕDû˵飬ʵô֮ûٿ˰ɣ
ûˡҡԕDֱۣ£֮ǰô˵϶ġ
ãȻ£Ҵÿһʱ䣬ԕD档
£Ҫ
ǰ꣬ˣǹҺܾãҿɲٴ档ǰϦԕDŸһ棬⣬˳¡˵Ҫˣʱ治̫á
Ҳǡ
ϲҪؼôŽȥҰɡ˵Ϊδ̫ӽÿؼҴ죬Ͼûм޸ԕDԻܾȥġ
ðʱŹһȥ̤ࡣ
ԕDǣ֣߱ġ
ߵһʱ˺Ů
꣬˵λһֱûʵǰҪλݣǴǼԣλͲ֮ˡ
ڳ˼ԣԕDĴȿ
ԕDǹлһ
ȻԕDûкͳ˼ô棬ȴͳ˼Լ棬Ͼһѧϰ
޴ü꣬ǲһġҲֻг˼Ժ޲ԾͰһ顣ȻֹǿŮŮ
Ȼ޺ͳ˼һ飬˵Ĺϵһ㣬ûʲôûʲô
˼Ժܱ֣ʱͷֵķǳ͵
Ȼǰڳܳ裬Ҳ۸˼ԡ
˼ԕDŮ˹ԕD˸񣺡̫ӵ¡
Ҳ˸񣺡ӡ
ҪȥŰɣ
ԕD£ԣҪȥģ
ҪȥЦ£ǾͲˣһˡ
ߡ
ȳ˴ų˼뿪üͷղע⵽¿ʱʱ͵̫ӵ¡
ԕD޶¶ɻʵôʲô
£㳤̫ÿˡʵ˼͵ºϾµò̫ɫ˳˼ԣ£Ҳ͵¡


76 
ֵ
˼Ů⼸ն, һ겻ģĵʵԣôˣ
˼Իع, ЩãȻˣ, ôˣһʼս, ˼ԶԽгˡ㡱ܲϰߣ⼸Ѿϰˡ
ôˣĿⵣǵŮ, ôˣڷǲǷʲô飿
˼ҡͷ˵ʲô鶼ûз
Ҫƭҡ˵ɫȻʵظ˵ʲô飬ǲЩ۸㣿˴ûмŮ⸱ģǳġ
㣬Ҫ, ûб˭۸˼ԹɵضԳЦЦ, 㣬û£û¡
Ҳ˵˰˵¶һ˵ɫԣҪ𣿡
˼⻰æ˵, ôܸ֣û¡
㻹ƭ㣿˰˵ʲôʱô㻹˵ʵ
˼ҧҧ, ɫԥɵųˣ, ҡ
ʲô˼Ů⸱ֹı, Խ˵ôˣ
żģ˼ԸϽο㣬û£ǡ˵ˣ
ʲô˵꣬Ȼ뵽ʲôɫһ˲÷ǳأˣ
û顣˼̧СųˣҾǡǡ
ʲô˿ҪŮˡ
㣬˵ˣҪ
Ӧ㲻
˼Կ˿ˣҧ´˵㣬ҡҡ˵˼һŰСǵͨ죬ҡ㣬̫ӵ
̫ӵ¡ĸ֣˲ôˣɫһ˲÷ǳء
ϲ̫ӵ£˰Ůոδ˵Ļ˵˳
˼Լ˼㿴ֹǵͨ죬Ҳͨ졣
Ů⸱ߵģ˻ʲô׵ġ
Ϊռ̫ӵ£˺Ȼ뵽ǰʱռ̫ӵ£ҲǴǸʱŮʼ˼
˼˵ͷ˵š
Ů⸱²ģĲ̣΢΢̾˿㲻ϲ̫ӵ¡
㣬֪ǡ̫ӵºÿ⼸̫ӵºټ棬̫ӵ³ʲôǰʱռ̫ӵ£ֵ³ԽԽÿˡϲúÿˡ
˱Ů仰Цˣִ˴ŮĶͷ㰡
㣬̫ӵºÿ
̫ӵǺÿ㲻ϲŮϲ̫ӵ£ڳ˿Ͼ̫ӵ³ĺÿС̫ӵ£вϲġ
㣬Ϊʲôϲ˼ίû캦顣
ǰ˵顣˵һӱ÷ǳ࣬ŮǳȫµŮӶϲ̫ӵ£ԳΪ̫ӵµɣΨ㲻ԡ
ʵ˼ǲ
㣬ǻûԹ֪ôС
ټһͬȥ̫ӵµĲǻʺǾġ˿ĺף̫ӵǻʺۣۣŹǵġ
㣬ҿʺﲻǰ˼Ծȥܻʺ밲òܻʺͦº͵ġ
ûǵǵġ˵ԣϲ̫ӵµ飬㲻ܡһûʺ֪ϲ̫ӵ£Ҫϳʹ
ɣ˼һŵı飬ټҶôãôܻûʺǳȥ
ټҶǺãһ漰̫ӵ£ټҾͻ顣ĳŮ˵̫ӵҲǹټҵۣκ˶ܴĸŮ⼸ڹܹúãΪټҶҵĳ谮ûеʺûдŭʺǵʺĸŮϳģصĻĸŮǡ˵˾û˵£֮ԡ
˼ԱĻŵˣԭͨһһɲǱò԰ףһ˫С¹ɰ޹˫¶־塣
ѵʺᡭ
ɫǳ˵ᣡ
˼ԣľ㤡
㲻㣬ǧϲ̫ӵ£ֳܱҲŮŮϲ̫ӵ£Ǿ鷳ˡԣϵĺжǣԺõġ
˼Ա˷ŵĻŵˣ԰ԹԵصͷ㣬֪ˡ
ְŮУĺ󱳡
ֻϣһƽҸľͲˡ
˼԰Ļͷ
ŮĻ˽ȥһҺԶ¹ɣԲִҪϲ̫ӵ£ֻǡ
ڻʲôʱ
Ϊ˵ԕDȫ֪ԼʲôûòһС
ʱգһ˼æų⡣
Ϊ¹ѧǵǰ̣ԕD⣬ǰĵԿȫоһ飬ֲ鿴⼸귢飬ڳ˼ԵĿ⡣
ڿԕDĿ⣬ķǳãҲǳ
ԕDҲԼĺãʱѧǴһ
ǰգԿˡ
ڽԿǰԕDȥ̫ѧǣΪǼʹ
һ죬ǾʷӼͲۡʵԡʡԡԿĶǾʷӼͲֻۣǿѶȲһ
ԿԵѶֵĻôʡԵѶȾа˷֣ԵѶȾʮ֡
ȻĶǾʷӼǿѧǶԾʷӼ̶ȡ˵бʦɡ仰һ˶У϶һʦġǣƾٵĻôҪ仰˼˼
ԕD֮ǰԵĿ⣬˵ʵǲѡϱӵ϶Ⱳӣʦ̵ԾʷӼ˲һ˽⣬žòѡ
ǿԣԕDȲؿǣǿô
ǾԼûӦͨԡ
ͨԣ˵ʲô¡ͨ⼸̫ѧͰ׶ˡ
ǿʡԡ
ʡڶڹ󿼡
ʡԻ£㹻ѧ׼ˡ
Կºṫɼ
˵Ŀƾٿԣ֮ǰԕD飬¼ȡͬʱƶ´ͽʿҲҪ١
߹һֱǴε̡֮һǰ꣬еһ߾Ǽ߹ٵֻ¼ȡϼ١ʵ˾μӿƾٿԵĿ˵ƽ
ƶȲ߹ĻǿƾٿԵ¼ȡȻƾٿԵ¼ȡҲ٣Ǹƶµȣ˺ܶࡣ
Ҳ֪߹ԭǰŻͬΪȨ棬ƵĲòֹͣ
ԕDٴͽʿ϶⵽ǺȨǵķԣȴǳǿӲߣּԺֻƷϵĹԱ񲹣ÿֻƼһˡ
һȡƶǲܵģǿͼ֮
ΪԕDٳһѪ·ȵԕDǻʱܳȡƶȡ
ƶȣƽռҵѧǺ¡ҲǺӵ;ĺûᡣ
ԕDó͢Ҫӵܣ̨ҪֺӵܣȥȨǿ⡣


77 
Խ, ŷ޺ͺǾæµæĽԵĿ
⼸죬ԕDһ³ȥԺ, ۿŷĿ
ΪʵеǺ, ĿʱǿͲ˽ס
Ȼ̫ѧμӽԵģǵĽԿͳһ͵, Ȼ͵Ժġ
Ŀǰ, ǲûпɫĿǽǷַǳڵĿ
ԕD˺ǳ, ȥԺɫĿµ޵Ŀ, û뵽ǵġ
˵, ԕDʶ޵ıʼ, һ۾ܿǵĿ
ǰͰǵĿ
ŷ΢΢˵ǵĿΪǵŷ޵ȻҲʶǵıʼĵǵĿʱһֱ޲, ŷ޺һ, ѧοͽǿĺܲ
ԕDһ߿ǵĿһ߳޵ǰǣá
ŷۺӣЦе˵û
ͰǵĲд治ʵ, ۾ġ徭ѡһ仰һλ, ÿԴΪ⡣
дĲۣıƽʵ, ߼ǳ, һѪ
еٶΪ޵Ŀɫ, Ӧǽ꾩ǵĽеĵһߵڶ
ĲҪ޺ôһ㣬ĿΪһ
ԕD޵Ŀڿڿ˺Ҳǳ޲ѣӦñΪһ͵ڶ
ҵ޵ĿԕDĿ
ҲȣǲЩǣҲǰʮ֮ڡ
֪ǵĳɼԕDûмȥǡ
ڳɼʽ֮ǰҪǵĳɼԵáЩ˽סˡ
ߣǶԼԺġһ꣬ǾͶ뵽µһָϰУʡԡ
ʡԻ£ԕDԭһȥԣҪʡԣֻ´ǡ
ԕDǴȽԵĳɼȥԡ
⼸꣬ԕDͲÿ괺춼ȥԡ
һʼֻвܼӵܴԣǾǰ꣬ۼҺҦǼҲˡ
ĳǼ̫ӵº佫ҵӵһԣһǳ䱸Щ佫Ǵ̫ӵ¡
Ϊһ£ĳǻۼǡ
ۼǻΪϳĳǳֻǺ̫ӵ´ԣû캦飬Щĳƾʲôǡ
ڳ棬佫ǳĳǣǺĳûгһ£ֻþˡ
ΪԣԕD佫ҵӵǵĽǳá
һʼ佫ǵӵܶԕD̫Ӳá˵ԕDǻ̫ӣЩ佫ҵӵһҲǳϾе˼ҵĵ̱ȴλҪ
ԕDȻҲЩ佫ҵӵܶǺŷûԹУԕDƾɫսǡ
ڣЩ佫ҵӵԕDհĳǲ֪Щ
꣬ԕD˽²ûкЩ佫ҵӵҲֻڴԻ
ĳǼ̫ӵƽʱ˽º佫ҵӵûʲôŷġ
佫ӵǵ֪ĴڽԳɼٰ죬һ׼
ÿĴԣ̫ӵ¸Ľͷǳ佫ӵǷǳĶߣ̫ӵǰ֣ǵȻҪúñ֡
֪ԕDҪȥԣҪԕDȥ
㣬ǰĴԣҿǴȥˡԕDǳεؿŸǽҪˣ͋݋ݣСǲȥμӵģ㻹İɡٹ£Ҫǡչأǰǲͷ¶ģǲμӴĴͻǸȥġ
ԕDǺȥԣΪ룬ֻܾܾҪ
͵͵ȥԕDգգ˵ҿװ̸һԼǳá
УºҪõ֪ˡԕDбһ۸˵ҿɲ밤ӡǰ꣬棬øˡعͱ݋ݴƨɡ
ϾҪˣǸʱʲô鶼ˣͲܿô
㣬㼰ǳˣܲμӴԡԕDŲĵǸʱסĹȥȥ档
ȥװͰ͵ʵ
ԕDܾطǳ䡣
DD
ԕDôʹʹ
˲⣬Ȱ˵μӴԵĶӣȥĲ㡣Ҫȥ棬ǿԾٰһŮ
Ů
԰ҿԽޱޱǣʱһô޿еޱޱҹҲǰһҹ޺ޱޱǱùϵ
˫˵ððʲôʱ򣿡
һȥ£µ׿ɲԡ
ãҵĺϢֻҪܳ棬ͲִŲμӴԡ
һ仰͸㶨˸ԕDĵضĴָ
޶ԕDĵգۣϲ¶һĨЦݡ
㣬һ¾ȻȥˡԕDٴȥֱȥμӴԡ
ǳػ˻֣Ͽ߰ɡ
ԕDΪεЦЦ˿ҵ飬Ͻˡ
԰ԕD͵ſڣ£ʲôģ
㿴Ű졣ԕD˵ֲ꣬һʲôҾͳʲô
ԕDô˵ЩߵЦЦ£㵽ʲô
֮İɡ
֪ˡ
ˡ
ߡ
޻صڣͼüŪۡ
Ȥҿ㻹ֱȥ
ȥˣô죿޾٩Ѿϰˣˣûˡ
ҲŶ㻹ǲҪȥ
ʱˣȥˡ
ȥɡ
ǰȥ顣
ǹͿѧϰĹ
ѾҵˣڲҪȥ飬ÿջǻһЩ顣Ϊǣʱһֱѧϰҵ飬֮
ߵſڵʱ˳˼ԡ
뵽˼֮ǰԕD΢΢üͷ
˼Լޣͣ½Ųתߵ޵ǰظ޴к۹
޸Ͻ񣺡Ȼޱ̫ڻ̫˼Ҫġ
۹𡣡
˼Ը޴к󣬾תûк޶˵ʲô
ʵ޶Գ˼ԵĹ۸вϾ˼һֱǳ͵֮ǰ͵̫ӵ£Ϊʲôʲô鶼û
Ѿˣ޵ˣ׷ǰкʺãڳ˼ԣû˴
޸к󣬾Լλϵĵ
ѧ٣ܿˡ
ԕDҲҪѧ١
ԕDѧٵǱˣǰ
𿴰ƽڳһ࣬ƽ׽˵зǳϸ壬Ϻ츳
СʱûǮѧ٣ʮóɣͽѧ١
һڴΪɫģеʦȣҲѷɫЩó٣ͨ
棬ԕDϱӾ츳ⱲӵȻҲС
ϱӸүүѧ٣ѧĻ
ϱӵĻּϰĽ̵ԕDĹѧķǳ


78 
ǹԳɼ, ʱ
̫ѧѧǵĳɼȻ̫ѧ﹫
̫ѧУ԰һʥ˹㳡ڹ㳡, ſӺӵĵ
ÿ̫ѧʲôҪ鶼˫ʥ㳡
˫ʥԱһܿܳǽ, Ǿ̫ѧĹ
Եĳɼ
˫ʥ㳡ǳ̫ѧѧӡ
Եĳɼʱвѧ컹ûʱ򣬾˫ʥ㳡Ⱥ
ȻԿԺ, ܵѧӵӰ, ҲýŲ
ڽԳɼǰһϣ˼ûô˯
΢΢, ˾ȥ˫ʥ㳡
ԭΪԼĺ, û뵽ǵʱ, в˫ʥ㳡ȴ
ȵ쳹״, ˫ʥ㳡վѧӡ
Ǵ˵ıǳţͬʱַǳڴһֵ, ƺƶԼܿ, ǵıɻϲһСֵˣһɫ԰ףв˾̲촽¡
кܶ˫ֺʮ, ˫ʥĵͣ
ϣү͸λ, ˫ʥܱǿ
̫ѧǼѧôںԳɼûй, ΪǵҲˡ
ʵ, ҲѧǵĽԳɼ, Ͼ̫ѧǴѧѧǿԵ̫࣬ѧ˵һǳ顣
̫ѧѧǣȫȥ˹Ժſڵȴɼ
Ժ̫ѧѧǵĿɼȻҪ﹫
ʱԺĴſڼˣ˲μӽԵѧǣǵˡ
μӿƾٿԵ˶ͨϰգкܶ඼ƶ˼ҵĺӡ֮ԶμӿƾٿԾΪ˳ͷء
ƾٿΨһĳ·ҲΨһܸıԼ˵ĻᡣΪܲμӿƾٿԣŵ˵˼ҹҪ֪һܷǮݳ޵顣ͨϰռ˼ҿֻһ㣬ʣ°|Ų㶼ȫҧݣսӶ顣
ʮ꺮ܲܳͷؾͿƾٿˡ
˵ǿƾٿԵĵһԣҲ򵥵ĿԣҲвѧӿС
ڹԺſڵȴԳɼѧУԿвˣͷ԰׵ˡ
Щ˺ÿ궼μӽԿԡɽ꿼ΪľܿϣΪľǸıˡ
ѧǽصȴԳɼʱԕDʹϳ
糯ܼ򵥣Ǿǽԡ
ΧŽۡ
ԕD˿ڶ¡
УгɫĿ£ڻôǿ
̫ӵµʶһһʱʱصͷ
ĲдļΪʣȻĲƽʵȴᡣ
ǰԕDͳƽʵĲɡѧȻ΢ʣǻǽƽʵѧ
¾ƽʵѧмΪɫˡ
ԕD꾩ǽԵǰĲۺЦʵλΣ
ڴ󳼷׷˵дļãȻ̫ѧ̵úá
Դǰ̫ӵ̫ѧĸ̫ѧѧڿƾٿбֵķǳãݺݵΪ̫ѧΪ꾩һ
ԹϵѧǶΪɫڿƾٿϣϵѧѹеطа̫ѧ
˵̫ѧǴߵѧǽϲѧӶ̫ѧǲмһ˵ģӦ츮ԺȻѧǡ
һֱӦ츮Ժǿѹ̫ѧǴѧĿеһԺ
Ӧ츮Ժ֮ѹ̫ѧҪΪӦ츮Ժеѧӷǳࡣ
ĵԣ״Ԫۡ̽бһӦ츮Ժѧӡ
ǰЩ̫꣬ѧѧûһ˿״Ԫаۡ̽
״Ԫۡ̽ϱѧǳаˡ
ڿƾٿϣ̫ѧǲӦ츮Ժġʹˣкܶ˼ԴҪ̫ѧҪ̫ѧ꾩ǣҪ꾩ﲻٹٻӵ̫ѧ顣ô˵̫ѧС͵ȨģҲС͵ĹٳӦ츮ԺǵԺ
ǰԕD̫ѧĸҲصԺĸԴӸĸ̫ѧͷԽԽãѹӦ츮Ժͷ̫ѧܲʤӦ츮ԺҪԵĳɼˡ
ǰĵԣ״ԪӦ츮Ժģ̫ѧģ̽ǿӹġɼ˵ǰĵԣ̫ѧӦ츮Ժ
ĵԣ״Ԫ̫ѧģô̫ѧӮӦ츮Ժ
дȻҲ֪̫ѧӦ츮Ժ֮Ľ˵ٴ󳼲̫ѧѧӣ꾩ǣȻϣ̫ѧӮ
ٴ󳼶˵״Ԫ֮ţ˵пܿ״Ԫ
Ҳϣܿ״Ԫһ̫ѧ
״Ԫ֮а֮
Ǿýĵԣ״ԪͰۿ϶̫ѧġ
ȻǻûмֵģǶֵǳá
һЩ֪ŷ޵ѧ׷תͷŷ޽̵úá
ŷʾ̵Ĳ࣬Ҫ̫ѧ̵úáȻ˵ôǫ飬ǳ˵ġ
ôŷƨʱԕDʹʹ
˲⣬һ˲óðæվá
˵Ե飬˵˵ٵ顣
⻰һ˵Ƕ¶ɵɫ
߳ʵټңôˣ
ÿпƾٿԣͬʱҲٿԡγ䣬ٿԲء
ÿβμٿԵǳ٣ǰЩʱ򣬻м˲μٿԣڲμٿԵֻмʮˡ⼸ʮ˻ô
ʵμٿԵ٣һΪ䣬һ佫ҲϲƼ
佫ǸƼҪټҺĳǵͬ⡣ֻҪǵĽͬˣҲ߱Ҫԭ
١
⻰׷¶Ծɫ
ܿ죬вٴ󳼳ԡ
̧ʾǰ˵ӪĽǱͨٿѡֹ佫˽Ƽ
һ⻰ı̬ȣ׷޳ٿԡ
ٿԕDġ
쵱ٿԣǸѡ˲ٽ֮ţҲΪͨϰٴṩ˳ͷصĻᡣϧγٿԾͱвãʵ̫ϧˡ
ԕDٿԣһϰṩͷصĻᣬһǶ߱ȻҪѡγӴ佫֮š
Ϊڸٿ佫Ȼٷԡ
ڴһ£ӻԾԣΪٿһһĹؿ
ԕDĳٿԵ³̸أпĳǶԸ佫ǻǡ
һ£һʱ϶ֲġ
³̺
ʵٿһ£ԕDͼƻźˡ֮ĳ飬ΪԻĳǡ
糯ԕDصһʹҴȥ̫ѧ
ķǳʱյ̫ѧ͹˳ɼ
ǽԵĵһ
ǵڶ
ǵڰ
ǿԼĳɼݺݵһͬʱַǳΪֵܿ˵һ͵ڶ
еȻˣûпе˵Ȼġ
ڰûпԼֵѧǣһıǳţšܡвֱӿ˳ܲԼûпеʵ


79 
βμӽԵ̫ѧѧʮ, еʮ
⿼еıʿ˵ǳˣǿƾٿ򵥵ġôѧҲ֮СֻʮˣǾˡ
ûпеʮѧ˫ʥ㳡ϵĿ޵÷ǳ, м޵˺ѷΣһ
ԕDͲǿһĻ, Ҳݡ
ʶǼ޵ľѧӣƽѧϰǳ̿, ҳɼһֱܲû뵽ȴûпС
޽˵ƽ컹ûȥѧö, û뵽ǡ
ȴÿǽûпУٿ꿼ĻһܿԲ꿼һΣÿ궼ԿԽ꿼Уٿ
ǵһοԣԕD΢΢£漴˵һοĻ, Ϊ̫, ûпðɡ
޾ԕDĻе, µ˵Եĵһ죬Ҳǳţдʱֻ΢΢
ЦҲǳ, Ķˡ, , еĽŶʱһ롣
͵˵Ҳǡ
ǵһο, ôҲ, Ƕˡ˿ԣԕDǳˣߣףȥ
ף˼ЦЦֻǿԣȥףǲǲ̫ã
Ͱ޿ǿ˽Եĵһ͵ڶѵף𣿡ԕḐļЦ˵ȻֻǽԣǶˣ͸úúף
һ˵ǲԺóԵ𣿡
һԺóԵģ˵۾ˡ
˵Ǿ͹ˡ
ߣڷ¥λӡԕDЦǲ顣
һ顱˫۶ʱɫҲü
ۣþˣԴһǰԕDľƣͰ˺Ⱦơ
ʷϵҲǳϲȾơ⣬ҲҪоƺȡ
ûԕD˵껰һʧﲻúЦǸҽճЩ˸þơ¥кþƣʱȡ
ίͰ͵˵Ƚ͵غȷ¥ĺþơ˵ָ꣬ԕD˵ۣǷҾư´һҪҰۼҵľƷǳúȣһھͰˡ
ģ´һ㡣ԕDָ˫㣬ô
ϲõ˵ۣ˵㻰
ָָԼۣأ
Ȼû˵ȴ۰Ͱ͵ԕD
ԕDʧЦģû뵽ôȾơڿ𣿡
ߡǸղŻͬЩûпеѧӣﶼǷ¥ò˺þơ
ҺԕDǰλӣȻȥ¥϶ûλӵġ
Գɼкܶѧ¥ף
ԕDǵ˺󣬷¥ˡЩ˶⣬ǿԵѧǡ
ЩѧǼֵܣ׷ǰǵء
̫ѧ﹫ĳɼ͹Ժſڹĳɼһģ̫ѧֻ̫ѧѧӵĳɼһ𹫲ġ
ԕDǸѧ˵䣬Ͳȥ¥ϵżϢ
˵ڰȻҲܵѧӵĹά
ʱǲ¥ԕDǻϡ
ԕD٩λܻӭ
û뵽ô顣Ǳѧѯڿдʲôʫʣдʲô¡
Ҳûдʫ˵˳ֱ֪ѧӸֹά
ֵĲǰȫ꾩ˡֵֻҪдʫʣͻᴫ꾩ǡֹˣᴫĺɹ
ЩĺɹЧ´ΣѧϰεĻԴεĻʮƳ硣ֻҪγʲôʫʻߺ£һᴫĺɹȻҲᱻƳ硣
ֵʫʺĺɹǳܻӭȻҲĺɹǳ
֮ǰĺɹʹγصʱ򣬻ǵʫʺ¡
ҪŶԕDȻ뵽ʲôͻȻЦķǳҪڵϿˣ꾩ﲻ˼ҿɻҪŮŶ
ҲźٺٵЦ˵ֱӰ׽ȥŮ
ʲôǱ⻰ŵˣֱ׽ȥŮ
ԕDһ˵õȵԡǿʡԣͻв˰׽˵꣬Цвţֺÿǲ꾩ŮӵĿеɾȵʡԳɼһ죬϶ᱻ׽ȥŮ
΢»棺˵ǳɻ顣
ǰɣһ֣ܰɣ
пŶԕD˵ǰڰ׽𣿡
ԕDôһѣ顣ʱǻһţû뵽Ҫֵˡ
⡭⡭Ǻã޶ˡ
⸱̲ģԕDͲЦķǳֻ
ֱ˼Ůͺˡ
ۡȡЦǡ

ˡ
İŵˣԕDͲϵЦݣЦǡ
Ҹ˵ġԕDɫȻ÷ǳ࣬꾩Ǻвǿ״Ԫ߽ʿʱкܶǵŮ˵д󳼣꾩ȨǣҪ׼
һͷǵҲеġ
֪ŷ޺ӵһЩ飬Ͼ
⡭
лԼȻԾܾԕDǵʷϵӺ֪ܶʱյĻʷ
ûлԼ˵΢΢Щɬ
ԕD⸱飬ʵʲôϲˣ
û˼˵˵㡣
㣿ԕDϳ˭ǵĵһӺͽ
ߺͰ͵˵ ǡǡ
Ҹ÷˵Ȼ㲢ûж»ԼѾĬˡҹƵȸ翼УǾͻᰲŸȢ㡣
ޣͨһе
磬ֲʲô˵顣˵ķǳ۵ȴһĨЦѵԺȢ㣿
Ҳû˵Ȼǡ
Ŷ÷С޲¡ԕD˵
ȭ˵ϲ㰡
磬ôҲߵˣӶˡ
һ˵Ǻ°㲻ò˼
ʲôʱǼɩӰ
ۣ
ˣԕDûٴȤתͷޣޣأû÷
㲻÷ʶҾҪ󷽶ˡ
Ŷļҹ
ʷҡ
Ҳüݵ𣿡ԕDʵüŹ㣿
΢΢ͷǵģҲҸк󣬻ӭȢʷҹΪޡ
ȵؿܵܡû뵽ܾܵȻһ㶼˵¡
ǶлԼ˰
޵ǰɡ
ˣǸеʱ򣬾ɾܾˡԕDȻ÷ǳ࣬˵ʵҲϣǱЩ׽ȥŮ
ͬʵΪΣ
ǳд󳼣ȨǵŮͻᡭԕDû˵ȥǶġ
Ȼͷ˵ʵҲ롣
̫ѧ飬Ƕ꾩Ȩʹ󳼶Щ˽⡣ǲ뵽ǵȨȥ
֮ǰʹ顣
Ϊŷ޵ѧȻŷûŮŮֵúãв飬ȻŮ
ʹǰô˵ġ
Եʵ˵ȻҲûἰ¡
˴ǵ⡣ԕD ܻӭ
Цõ˵ۣͲЦˡ˵꣬ǸϽתƻ˵Ͻ˰ɡ
ԕDûϷѵĻƽ˹ʼˡ
ǲҪʲô͵ʲô
ͬʱ꾩ǵ·ϡ


80 
ڷ¥, ԕDִȥ˻
ʱϲֹһвÿǳ, вٻǳݻ
컹ûкڣϵĻ͹
ĵҲʮ־ɺÿ, ԶԶȥһӡף洫Ҳʮֶ
ֹ, ж˵赸Ҫ輧ʮò
꾩ٹ˺ͷʿϲڻѾԻ, ÿ꾩Ǻʮ֡
˴ٹǣвϰϲ꾩ǺԣңңеĻﴫ
ǽԳɼӣѧȻҪúףһڷ¥ףȻҲҪڻף
˿̣꾩Ǻ쳣֣˿, ŮŮĻЦ
ԕDһСĻ⻭װεķǳ, ûʵĻ, ԵЩסˡ
ǲܼҵģѾԻʫ
꾩ǿǴˣĻȻҲǳ
꾩ǵķӺ͹ǶҪϲĻ, ȺĹǡȺĹܵǲĻ, ǽһҹ, Ϊ꾩ֿȵ, ĻȺĹ, 
ĻֻĺѣһЩѧǡһȾ죬һʫ
ԕDΪľǸף
ǳģ׼ʦ輧Ȼʦ輧ǲܼġ
˿̣ԕDڻһ͸裬һ壬ʮ⡣
һֵʦĻһ˸٣һ˴|
ԕD֣ӭֵ֡
ֵʫĲ飬óɡ
ֵһӣԕDͲ
ۣӦûḧٰɣʵ
ԕDûпڣǰ˵ᣬҷǳͨ
⻰ڴؿԕDۣ֪û㸧һ
ǿԵķϣҾѵΪǸһ
޴Ȥѣۣƽ︧ٻҪǮ
ǵȻΪ˭Ҹ𣿡ԕD°ͣ˵ҪҸ٣ҪҺôġ
һͷͨûʸٵġ
Цǽж˰
ԕDڹǰ΢΢ЦЦڸһȨ
¶ʵʲôȨ
ȨԕDһ󷽵˵ʲôӣҵ˭ȵ
ͬʱ磬ɡ
΢΢£ЦҲ֪ʲôӣɡ
𣿡ԕD˵Ҿ͸һɢɡ
һɢæͷ˵Ǿ鷳ˡ
ˡԕD˵꣬͵ɢ
ץסǵĶ䡣
ûһǵͳױԕDġɢ
ԕDġɢõ洫ķǳ
ǲرۣԕDࡣ
ȫһӱ÷ǳͬʱֱ÷ǳɾ
ԼԼԶһʼô⣬һǡɢķǳãϽߵ˰
ԕDǵĻĲԶһǳװεķǳĻ
Ⱥģÿ춼Ư꾩Ǻϡ
һͷڻĴβһߺžƣһߺӡ
һƬ֣֮ͷ̫ԼһܵβȾơ
ͷȻһöһͣºȾƵĶŴӲԶ
ǹɢ
ɢѧǴᵯࡣÿ˶áɢ
ͷԼҲᵯࡶɢԼ಻ôá
һͷվ˫۳Ŵɢķ˹ȥƼԶһǳµĻͷЩ죬һʱ벻˭ҵĻ
˵ġɢŶͬʱַǳ
ݻ֮ͷ˷ǳݣͬʱַǳĽ
ʲô˲ܵɢĻ֮飿
ͷʶôˣæ˷СԼŴԶµĻ
ԽӽԽܸܵеĻ˻дݵ
ݻʹݵûеģҲҪġ
ͷûмϻǰѴڻԱߣɢ
꡶ɢͷоһҲûﲻ١һֱѹĵĲ˲˺ܶࡣ
ʵͷ֪ﲢû⡣Щ켣ȺÿҪһУ֪ԼûСÿΪԼԼҪǰ顣
ÿÿʱԼɱֿЦ
Խʵ˭
ͷͿԽ˸񣺡С϶ߣ˵ࡶɢ˶ʶµ֮ˡ
ҼҹӲܽʶģ߰ɡ
λӣС϶Ҫʶͨһ¡
Ҷ˵Ҽҹӡ
Խôˣ
Խһͷ߽һͷ˵Ҫʶ
ͷ
˵ߡ
ߣԕDССľ£漴Խ˵
ԽԕDɫЩдΪԾͷʲôˣô̫ӵ¶ı
ǡ
ҼҹȥԽ˵ְߴСϡ
ߵľƺȵЩ࣬յϲҺԽһס
ԽʱͷһŨҵľζһǺ˲پƣĵǶʱһ롣
ԽĴ߽żСޣɵסˡ
ԕD뿴ߡ
ˣ˵ϾǺ
ǰһ棬ǲûи˵Ҳûмû뵽ȴڻϼ
ԕD´ߣͷңݲ㲣·һܰ
ߣ
С϶ߡɻؿԕDǣʸղ˭ġɢ
ԕD˵ҡ
㣿ߵԲһ˫ǵ˫ۣһд𾪣㵯ġɢôܣôһС޵ࣿ
ΪࡶɢһɣȻͨ͸֮ˡʮ꣬ôһʮС޵ģ
ҵİԕDһŵı飬ɻʵʲô𣿡
ܣҡҡͷ˵ôһС޵ģ
ҵİԕD֪Ϊʲôġɢٴһ顶ɢ
ٴ֮ġɢ߾ĿɿڴԭʮС޵ġɢ
ԕDһСξûٵȥʵ˰ɡ
㡭Żع̱ڵϣشЦЦֳ̣
ԕDǳԾؿͻȻЦߣΪλ
ЦԕD߷𣿡
ԕDЦЦžˮߵǰʵߣôˣ
߱߿ޱҡͷ˵ţҾȻһʮСǿЦ
ԕD⸱״ģ֪һʱʲʲôֻܵƽ˵
ֿЦӲͣʱѾƽ˺ܶ࣬Ҳ˺ܶࡣ
ΡΡվԕD֣ص˸


81 
ԕDŵ, Ͻַ
ʲô
ߵϻˮģʮǱ, ֮ǰǵһ˫ۣ˿ȴһƬ
ллСӸղŵġɢ
ԕDһͷˮΪҵлߺö˶˵лʲô
СӸղŵġɢʮֶС϶һġɢʱıǳ, ȫûƽȺ˵СӵġɢС϶Ҳûﲻ١
ԕDؿһߣ˫ü˸ղŵȻ֪ʲô飬ǿ⸱뿪ģԕDߵĵл
ҵġɢãҵҡ
С϶ҡ߿ԕDֻǰʮС, ÷ǳƯ, һȻһСʮ, üȴһƬأͨʮ꺢ͯСӹգ
ղܡԕD΢΢ЦЦ, , Ҹ۾ͺá
ۣСС, 漴˵֡
л佱ԕDֳ˸, , 
ҲҾ߶ˡ
ͺá
, ԕDǼһһܸʶ
߿ֵ, ʮ, û뵽λǶմնӡ
֮ǰ˵ֵĲʹ꾩ǡ꾩ǵѧû˲֪ǡȻ߱꾩ǵȦų, סȺ֪ǵġ
Ϊûеʮ꣬˲ûȡ֡꾩ǵѧ˽¾ͳƺմӡնӡ
æվ񣺡ˡ
ֵдʫʣ߷ǳв顣Ȼдʫʴ鰮ģǲɷдķǳá
Ǻ˲һΪдyinʫǴߵʫУֿС
ȻֵߵʫʣǲߵΪˡ
켣Ⱥ󣬺һȺ|¥ŮһΪѧǵУͨϰյжǷǳƵġ
ղôˣԕDĵʵ
ûʲô߲˵£ʵôǼС⣿
ȻԕDǲԼСޣٵǵȷСޡ
硢ǿ˽ԣףġԕD˵
ԕDô˵һ¡
ϲλֵнԵĵһ͵ڶڽ磬Ѿ꾩ˡȺĹȻҲ˵ˣôߵȻҲ֪ˡ
лǵһμߣ̬Ȼǿ롣ûп
֮ҪԭûԕDǵпӡ
˵ЩϰҲȫʲô۹⿴þû￴Ŀ⣬кǴ
ܹӡ
Ҹ۾ͺá
ߴؽеۣССôᵯɢĻ֮飿ġɢûа֮飬
ʵԕD£漴Цܼ򵥰Ϊһ֮˰ҵࡶɢҲǻ֮ˡ˵бȽϸ壬Ƿǳġ
ۣСС;˻벻ߴӸղŵġɢУʹݵ˼㡣һʮĺӣȻֻּ㣬ǲ˼顣ٰ룬ȴԽԽȥһʮĺӡ
ô˵ԕDȻ뵽һ漴߸ղΪʲôֿЦ
ΪСҪʲôԲŻ
ԣסЦ⺢ӻȤ
ľƲ㳢
ҾͲˡ߳һڣϲ˵þơ
ΪǺþƣǾͶһЩԕDÿЦ˵ƣܹ
ҾͲ˰˵꣬߾ʹں
һʼǸûл˵ǺһƺǾȻĵĶʫʸ踳
Ȼ߶˲꣬ġīˮûбƸߣԭѧʶˡ
Ǹһͱߵѧʶ𺳵ˡ
ԕDûȾƣһԱߺȲ裬ߺ졣
ҲûкȾƣԕDߣĬĬسž¿ɿڵĲȡ
£߽Ⱦ𣿡
ҾһԽԕDһֱڼƻһ飬׼ʱʵС
ʵʲô鰡
ѧõ顣ԕD֮ǰ˵Ҫѧһ¡Ȼľꡣ
ԕD˵££ھҪ죿
ʱ졣ԕDûҺãԼҾÿѧõߵԕDʮͬġټϣϱӱߵʫʣһֱȺ䲻ʲô£Ͼʷʱ򣬻һȺΪĺ̫ˡܰ
Ը𣿡һʼԕD˵ѧãúܻ̫ӵôʵΪ츣ƶϰյĺӣǺ¡
ӦԸɡԕDô˵ʵû׵ġ߲ԸѧõҲˡ
˿ںȾƵߣƲƲ˵ҿԸ⡣
ԸˡԕDȻЦķǳթȰпյʱ򣬿ȥЩӡǿ϶Ըġ
ҲԽ̰Щ֡д֣ġ
ģʱٲ㡣ԕDŲ˵¾ͽˡ
ɫһӱ÷ǳ棺·ģһġ
ҵطԕDᣬæ˵һ£š
𣿡
ңĳǻΪǲܼ¡ԕD±ԳĳǲŲᡣ
ԕD˼ͷ˵Ҳǡ
ȸϽʾԺܽŮӶ顣֮ǰϸ˵ͰŮ˽ӣרŽ̵ŮӶ顣˶飬Ů漼ܣԼǶǿ
ԕD˵Ů˽ӵҪĿľǽŮǿ
ϽԺҪŮӶ飬ǻ顣ǲ̫޳ɸϰŮ˽ӵġ
ᡣ
£Ӱ쵽Ͻ
Ӱʲô鶼˻ϻʲô塣ԕDԲ˵㲻ҪѧЩĳ
£ҵȻҲϽԺίô
Һ͋݋ڣ˭ҸϽίԕDٴǿϽǶԵģ躦·顣
˵öԡ
ߺǺȸˣѾʫˡ
һȾƾдʫһ£ԕDʮġǶ飬дµǿԣдʫʾͲС
дʫ̫ŰӲһûС
ǶԕDд޲ڣǶԕDдʫʾͷǳͷۡ
һߺĲʡ¡
ԕDȰͻ˼ңͻ̫ѧߣûаͻȺ󣬶ǰ͵̫֡
ǰԕDһֽԸԸԸ⣬͸ֵ̫ƹ˵һʱ
ԕDͲûлعϾʱѾˡǻ̫ӣҲûȨùŴ򿪡ȥ˲ܼҡ
ܼҺۼǵĹϵܲ⼸ÿ궼һ˭ҶԸ䣬͵⼸ҵʿԽԽá
ԕD⼸ҵĽʿͦ⡣Ȼ߱Ƿǳأһʱˣֻͼ֮
УԕDһֱ˴㱱սټϣԼսܼǼҶһЩĺɹҲ
⼸ҵĽʿѾսոʮݵ׼͵ԕDһˡ
ԕDԴոġ
ոĲʲô£ǵõ̷ɹڴڸбȽϵ͵Ľ
ûȫ׼ǰǲóȻȥġ
еһж׼ˣʱԕDܷĵȥոġ


82 
, 컹ûԕDʹŲعΪҪ糯Ǳϳǰϻع
ߵſ, Ͱǡ
ǼڹſڼԕDǳ졣
̫ӵ¡
ɡԕD˵꣬˸Ҿ, λ簡ȻǳӣҲԕDԕDΪѧǻǵġ
£𡣡ǰһַԕD漴ĵʵ, ûع
ոף, ûлعʱĩ, дž͹رաʱùдųֻлʵۣǻʺͻ̫ҲûʸýյĴŴ򿪡
ԕD˵û, Ц˵żסڹ, ܺһϳҲǲġ
, ķǳ˰Ц˵
ͦ˵ģҲͦпġԕD, ߺͰ˵, ̫ѧ, ЩûпеѧӺͷ, ǲζ
ԕDô˵, Ͱɫһ˲÷ǳ͡
, Ҳ֪ƾٿԶѧ˵жҪߣȻϲ֡ߣȻѹ
ԕD̾һ˵ǧѧӰԼ˽ڿƾٿϣǲװ˵꣬Ͱǣǵ꿼ƾٵʱʲôľ󣿡
뵱꿼ƾٵΣڻ¡
ź°ɣԼУԼԲͼ˵
һԸ͵صͷʮ꺮ΪľǿС
ԿƾٿԱ빫ȻͶԲµĶˡԕDɫȻ÷ǳ£Ÿ񲹱ͽʿ;Ժʮѧ˵ƽ
£ƶԹžУϮʹƶȣһֱ˰ҲƶȲãҪȡƶȲһ򵥵顣
һֱƶȲǶԵġԕD΢΢ü˵ڿʼڣ⳯еĹԱ֮ƶȳģЩ˾ǻԵ֮ڳ͢ڰպôˣ͢ҪǮǡ
ԼǡҲƶȡڷƶȣǱڲȥˡ
£ټӦòȡƶȡ֮ǰټƷϵĹԱ񲹣ܵǵķԡڹټαȽǿӲЩԵĴҲ޿κΡ
ȡԺȡԕD˵һͬʣоӪҲҪȡƶȡ
£ҪոʮȡӪƶȣֻ»Щ佫
ԕDǲ͸ұţһҪȡƶȡ˵꣬һ飬λǺúԱһ¡
ԱˣͰ¶ɻ󣬡£Աôˣ
ԕD˫ֱص˵ڵĹԱ˷һٹ໤ûʲôáһ˵õĿƶȳ
Ͱɫһݣæ˵ǣ¡
һǰǡȻԕDֻǰŴϹһʱĳǾǸʱγĹԱƶ˽⼫Ϊ˽⡣ǸʱСûϳԲòֹ¡ϳԹһЩˡЩԵĹԱ̭ˣĹԱ
·ģһľ޸ĹԱƶȡ
ǾͽˡԕD˵Աһ£뵽ʱҪѧãʰǣʶܽСӶʶֵ𣿡
ʵİ㶣£ʲô
Ҫ꾩ǰһѵѧãЩƶ޷ĺӣʶ˿Խ̺Ƕʶֵ𣿡
ѧãͺԕD仰ŵˡ
ԡԕDѾˣ԰˵Ȼضһ·ѧһ£˳˵
ǣ¡
ԕD׼ضͼްĳ˹
£Ұĳ˹ֱȥɡ
лˡԕDųǰ
봹ЩԶԕDĸϻضȥֻϳٵ
ڼӻˣæʵDD𣿡
ûüãһ͸ϻع
ԕD˵ſïʵź¡
ڶïʵԸ׼š
ǣټҡ
浽ʱʵ浽ʱɣ
ûУ浽ʱĩʱԕDѾó뵽ʱղҲð浽ʱǱںʱǰؼҡ
ǰָԕD졣
ô㻹浽ʱ
ԕDס֣ߡ
ҿɲ浽ʱҵ˺ʱҪ˯ġ
һʲôںȻ뵽ʲô̫õʵǲȥȺɣڹǶ꾩һЩԵ黹ǱȽ˽ġ֪ѧϲȥȺǽԳɼӣ϶вѧȥȺףء
ôܣԕD˸ۣû˵ȥȺ󣬰ҲԸȥ
־ԕDĶ䣺㻹ȥȺ󰡣
ԕDһŤԼĶڵо
ʲôʱ˵ȥȺ˰Ҳʮ꣬ǸӣȥȺʲô֮ǰǶȺ棬ҲͺһʱȥȺһ¡
ֵ˵ӵĶͷﺬ棺ڲȥԺ󳤴Ҳȥ
ȥԕDٸϻҪϳˣǸϿ߰ɡ
ȸϵʱѾжվá
ϣԕDվжӵλ
ïʵһϳյ糯ʽʼ
ÿ糯鲻٣Ǵ鲢ࡣԕDһֻ೯£һֻͷŷ˼Ķ
̫磬ǆ£ԕDЩˡ
һ˵£һԕDһĵģ֪ˡ
ԵĳɼѾôʡԡ
Ϊʡ¡
˵ʡԣԕDγĿƾƶȲá˵ƾٿ˹ĺظǲɷĿƾƶõġԕDÿԽĿƾƶȣ˹ľˡ
ƾٿԣֻʷӼͲۣҲÿһЩĶΪԲοĸ߿
ø˵˵ĸƾٿһ¡
ҪǸĸƾٿԣֻ´Ҫ¡
ǆ£ܲѿƾٿԸĸˡ
˵ƾٿԣԕD뵽˰ѧһ£Ȼ˳úúø顣ˣø˵һϾѧòһС¡
뵽Щƶȴ޷ĺӣԕD뵽Щ޶Ůؤǡ
޸ĸûм˵ĺǿȥӲ֣޶Ůȴ޴ȥǵʱר޶ŮĵطоȼԺ͢ҲǮǿȼԺЩ¿ǡ
ȵȣӲ֡
ÿ꣬ԕDȥӲ֡ȻȥɱǾ񣬾ӲĺӲ࣬ճ˲ٷ䣬ǿЩ¿סȥ
ѾӲֺ;ȼԺϲһרЩˡߣкҲµҲá
ԕDԼܲ³͸˵˵
̫ӣ̫ӣ̫ӣŰԕDл
ôˣԕDعãȻڡ
Ϊεؿӣ֮ϣʲô
ԕD˼£ֱڳ档
Ҹո꾩в޶Ů¿ڽֵǡ
ʵЩôˣ
ЩûչˣϲǲǶԕDһ˵Ҹո޸ĸĺӿȥӲ֣Щ¿ȴֻ֣ڽͷӵϣԼ֮ϡףԼ֮סһ׻мһһǲòڽͷ
⻰һ˵ںʹǶ¶ȵɫ
ʵʲô뷨
Ҹոɳ͢潨һԺרž¶͹¿ˡԕD˵ʵǰѾӲָĽһ£¶ҲЩ޶ŮĿˡ
˵ټңΪ̫ӵǳá
Ӽ岩ͣͺͺҲǳ޳ɡ
ҲöãԕDд³̳ʸ


83 
˳, ԕDȥš
޲ǰģġ
ϳʱԕDö˳м, öܳһͷţ
鷿, ڸһڴڵԕD
ԕD糯¶͹¿һ, Ƿǳ⡣ղţԕDֻ˵һ, ôû˵
źԕDȥ鷿ϸظ˵˵޽ȼԺһ¡
ʵ˸¶һԕDոŵʱ뵽һЩ, ø˼ҰǲľȼԺø˼ҾһЩʳǮȼԺ
, ø˼żǿԵģǾø˼Ҿǲ̫ܡȻ˼ǮһЩСǮȼԺûʲôǾĻ, ˼ҿ϶, Ͼ˭Ҳԩͷ
ԕDζЦһ취ĸԸÿ¾
ԕDô˵ں岩Ƿ׷׺ʲô취
ԕDһЦ, ˼ϲľ
ǼӦǳ죬˲ԕD˼
, ø˼Ҿ
ʵҪô
ܼ򵥰, ÿ¾˼ҵڱֽ, ȫ꾩ǵ֪ԕDһ˵, ÿĩʱͳ˭ıȽ϶࣬Ȼٿڱֽϣͷͷĺ£˵ǻ᲻ᶯģ
Ц˵Ȼᶯġ
ֹˣÿĩʱþȼԺһлᣬ˵лһֱˡԕDЦе˵ʱɳ͢Աȥͼ֤
úúáЦ취á
һ뵽һļƿİ취
æʵʲô취
ᡣԕDԵ¡Щڷ¥죬꾩дٹˡЩ˿ԳǮĶ
ԕDǳϸظ˵βᡣ
һһ㶡ԕD˵ĲһʮֳԾ
ԕD˵᲻ھȼԺϣҲϣ˵֣ôļʡ
áЦݵ˵
Ϊ˺ЩһʹۡԕD˵꣬ЦķǳթĸԸġ
Ц£̫ˣ
ĬĬ˵ⲻһǳ
и̾ȻСǶȴʮס꾩ȱľǮˣЩǮ˶ԾƶϰȴʮֿѡԸǮڷ绨ѩµϣҲԸǮ;ϡ
ЩǮȱľǮȱ̫ӵǿǵ˼һ¡
Ҳֻдϻ۹˵̫ӵ²Żôõİ취
ʱҲԳСǮ͹ˡԕDЦЩǮ˿͢󳼶Ǯǿ϶ԸǮˣΪǵĸǳǮһǶࡣ
ȵʱһϯμӡ
ǵʱҪĵĲμӡ
̫ӵӢ
ڿ˵࣬͸ǰˡ
ǣټҡ
ǻҪԕD˵ȼԺһ¾ͻԺˡ
ͺû뿪ԕD
һ˵
ʲô飿
ѧá
һ죺ѧã
ԣҴ꾩һѧá
ԕDϸظ˵°ѧһ£ЦDD뷨ܺá˵꣬˲ֱǣʵʡ
ҰѧòЩȥμӿƾ٣Ϊʶ֡ԕD֪ڵ˼ǲμӿƾٿԣ϶һ׵飬ҪѲǮ͢ǮҲô㣬һġһ˼ҵĺӶ飬Ʋȥ͸Ñ˵˵鼮ͱīֽҪѲǮѧÿ¶飬ڱīֽϵǮкüӣ⻹ٵġҪ飬ÿ¼ʮҲеġ
ѵѧӣΪʡǮıīֽⶼǲģҲҪһҡһ꾩һϰ˼һµѣ⻹ٵġ
ʶ֣Ժȥ̵ѧͽ׬ǮԕDɫ˵Ҫǽˡ
ڱⷬ𺳵ˣ漴һο˵DDѧõĿİɡ
ϣһεϰգÿ˶ܳԱܶ顣ԕD⻰˵
ãڴ˵DD־ǳã
ԕḐ̧֣ʾڲҪô
֪Ըôʵ֣꾩ǰѧáѧãһͼݣ˶ܿ顣Щѧϰꡣʱ䣬㹻ʶ֡ЧĻʱȫС
ãԡ˵ȰѧԿ
ѧȲԳ͢죬ԼǮ졣ԕD˵պ͢ٳѧá
΢΢׵á
һ¸˵Ȼضˡ
ȥɡ
˶ԕDðǰѰ
Ҫ󲻸ߡѧʲҪ̫ߣ̺ܽǶ־УƷáȻÿ¶ٺ»
ˣҪ͸¶ҰġȻղŸ˵ѧãʱ֪ѧһ¡
ͺԕD˼·ģǾ͸¶ġ
Ѱһ¾鷳ˡ
ˡ
˵ѧһ£ԕD͸ź顣
ʱԕD鱾ϵûжϾ䣬뵽š
뵽ţ뵽˺ƴ
ڹŴѧ֣֣ĺѧƴȻʶ֡
ǰʽɵʱ򣬾γûбţϾȫ̡˵ʵտʼʱķǳͷۣϵŵ顣
֮ǰѾžų˷ŪڲѺƴͱŪԺѧǶʡºܶࡣ
ԕDỽһ£
ԕDعԺǸЦЦǸҸոˡ
£ʲôǲʲô£
롭ԕD׼˵ǻ˻ȥӣŪٸ˵һкƴͱŵġȻƹ㿪
ԕDһصģµ̫ӵӦҪʲô顣
ǳڴš
Ǽɡ
ϵʱĿγ̲Ž
ԕD׼ǰţû뵽޴˰˹
£ʺˣͲܹӲȥš
˭˰
ϿͿ
ԕD⻰üͷΪϽף
ͷ˵ǵģʺġ
ԕDɫû뵽ʵġ
·ģʺǲӦġ
߼Ҿܾôȷ݋Ҳѻ˵ķǳû뵽ǻѴ򡣡ԕD΢΢ۣ۵׻һĨΣյĹâʵȢϽǲưոݵġУֻʵģ˸ϵøϲò޸


84 
ϿͿ뿪, ԕDͼææȥ
݋ݣϿǡ
ΪģҾܾˡܻʺ΢΢üͷ˵ƺûз, ֻ»ټ顣
ھȥҵԕD˵, ʹҴææȥ
, ںͳ壬˵ԕD, ΢΢¡
DDʱ˯ôôأ
վ˸񣺡̫ӵҹټҪ飬иˡ
ͷ漴ïʵ˵ÕDD
ԕDڽʱ˳ˡ
˳˸񣺡̫ӵ¡
ԕDͷ, 漴߽
ʱǸ˯ôôأڹʵ, ǲǳʲô飿
ԕDһ·ܹ΢΢ǰĲյȺ裬˲˵Ϊʵ
ʵ΢΢ü, ôˣ
ԕDڵĶ, ϿͿ݋ݣ֪ɣ
֪, һʺʲô飿
ҋ݋Ϊ˸ʵ顣
飿΢㵵Ҫ˭
ϰ, ǰϿ߼, Ǳ߼Ҿܾ, û뵽ǻ, һֱϵ߼סԕDõ˵ǽҋ݋ΪȢϡ
㲻ʵȢϣ
Ȼ롣
Ϊʲô룿ζŶӣ㲻Ǿܾ˸ô᲻޸ˣ
ԕDˣܴ治͸һۣҪǼ޸ˣһԣʵҪȢҲͬ⡣
ΪΣ
ʵȸϴü꣬˵͸ڼǰ˵ˣȴٳû˵ףҪȵϿҪ߼ףΪΣ
ڱʵһ㶣Ϊΰ
Ȼͼı찡ԕDһߵ˵֮ǰ̫鲻ʲôܣʵӦҲ֪˵ִ߼ȢΪʲô
⻰ɫʱ
Ͽ݋ȢϲɹһȢġԕD˵ֻ¹˼գϿͻһͻּ⡣
һ˵޾֪Ǹö
˵ʵ𣿡
Ȼ֮ǰѡʵӵϲʵ
һʼʵǲģǵһΰʵͳٴΰӵʵ⺢ӵ˼ͱòһˡ
ĺӶôֻٴΰʵӵڲܻʺ֮УھҲûаʵӽ
ԕDʵʱ¶ЩԾ¶ɻʵ㵱ѡΪ̫ôôܲϲӣ
޵ܺãι˼ͱˣ뿪ʹһֱҵ˿վʦĻȻڵ̫ʵְ֮ͳȻһ˵ģ֪Թ޵ġ
˵乫˼ػؽӽַ޳ͳ˼ԹҲԕD˵˵˼ҲϾ֪ԼΪ˵̫ӡ
ߣΪϿһʵû뵽ȴһػĵˡ
ҰĲ֡ԕDѻ⳶˻ҾȢϲġ
϶ûġڱԕDôһ˵ҲôΪ
ϿҪͻּ⣬ɵþܾ
޲ͬġ˵ûʵһ£ҲϿӭȢ߼ҵŮ
ô˵ԕDͷˡ
Ӣ
Ϊޣ
ⲻӦôϾϿĹϵԕDϽĸƨǵı㡣
ںЦֺصһ۶ӣƶ컬ࡣ
ҾͲˡԕDڻ˻֣Ȼȥˡ
Ͻɡû˵
ԕD뿪ڵɫһ˲ñ䡣
һԵïʵڳСؿʵټңôˣ
˵ʵΪʲôִҪȢϣ
ïʵɫԥ˵С˲˵
ˡ
仰ïʵûгɵ˵Ӧǲ⣬ǳ̫ӵµġ
¶˵û뵽˵꣬ïʵ˶
ټңǵʵ̫ӵ²𣿡
DDûг꣬ѳꡣһƬɭ䣬˲е˼
СϾȥš
ԕD뿪ûмŻضȥڶ˵Ļָܻʺ˵һ顣
ټҼȻ˵ͻ飬ôϿͲپˡܻʺ˵Ϣ߽㣬ġ
݋ݣڻǷĵʱ򡣡
ʲô˼
ײɹֻʵᰵһЩϽϽ㲻ò޸ԕDϣԼǶˣĵʵġ
ܻʺԣһƬɭ䣺һ迴ϣҪϳš
ϣҶˡʵֶҲҪȢϣôֻһֿܡǾˣ
ֻʵˣŻ뾡취ȢϣϾϱӣӣҲĻʺ
ΪʵۣǲܿӼ޸ˡøϼ޸ˣΪϣǲ뱻ñӡ
ʵˣŵ㡣
ϱǻʵۣⱲĻλǰڵˣҲ᲻ƽ⣬ȻԭĻλ
ʵҪˣ޶ԣʲô鶼ɡ뾡һа취ͻȻðλˡǣЩʵûжʲô
ԕD룬ѵʵû꣬һжڰţ
ܻʺŶӽšüͷϬеʵDDôˣ
݋ݣܾʵ˲̫ԾԕDܴԽôʵҲ֡ʵû˶Ų֪݋ݣ˰жʵɡ
Ӧû˶ʵܻʺǷǳ˽ڡ
ǾͺáԕD²Ӧûïʵ˶ʵȥïʵһЩ顣
ʱˣȥݡ
݋ݣм˵ԕD׼뿪ȴһֱʹ񣬺Ȼ뵽һ˵գҴȥԡ
ȥɡܻʺ󲢲ԶӳȥԣԼע㡣
݋ݷģһעġ
飬ԕDٰ졣ǲܼҺۼÿٰ촺ԺԣԕD̫Կ˵ݲμӡ
ԕD棬̫ӵݾٰ촺ԻԣҪ¡
ԕDòһ˲ܼңҪμӴһ¸߲ܼҡ
ĴԲǲܼҸٰ죬ҦҾٰ졣ԕDòܼ֪ͨҦҡ
صԕD˯һʱ磬ŷ޼顣
ŷ޶飬͸ŷڵĿƾƶȡ
ôڵĿƾƶȲ̫ãԾ̽Եظŷ˵˵
⼸꣬ŷһֱǿƾٿԵ١ԕDҪĸƾƶȣǿ϶Ҫȵõŷ޵֧֡


85 
ȻԕD˵ĺ, ŷ޻ԕD⣬вһ
£Ҫĸƾٿԣ
ԕDŷ˼, ûз, ʵ, Σ
ŷûмŷԣʵ, Ҫôĸƾ٣
ŷһ⣬ԕDɫҲɵһֽ࣬дͯԡԣԡԡ
ͯԣԣԣԣŷ¶ɻʵ, ͯǺԺͻǺ
ԕDֽϼд, ˵ַͯΪԡԡԺ׶Ρд, ˵, ͯ߱Ϊ, ŲſԽԡ
£ǰѽԷΪ׶ΰɡ
̫, ŪͯԿҪȽѶˡԕDбʣ˫ֽ°ͣһֱôεĿƾٿ̫򵥣ÿ¼ȡ̫, ͵¹Աÿ, Ҳ߹ٵԭ֮һ
ŷ޶ԕD˵޳ɣ˵öԡ
, ȸ˵˵ԡԕDϸΪŷ޽ܵɸ֣ÿĶ¾У峡 ԵݻǾʷӼͲۣʫʡ
߲ܽſԣȻɸ֣¾УݺһȻѶҪӡԺԣɸݵѧ֡ԺԲÿ꿼ÿ꿼Σɳ͢ѧ֡ЩйصĿƾٿԵ϶Զ
ԕD˵ͯƶհ峯ġ峯ĿƾƶõģԾֱճˡ
ַǳϸظŷ޽ԡԡԵĿ̺͹أԼֽοԵĵһʲô
ŷ÷ǳ棬ԽԽľ
ˣ߳Ϊˣ˿ֱˣȻְ󡣿л߽йʿʿҲֱˣȻְҪȾ˴һЩʿѡμӵԣҲѡ񲻲μӵԡͲ޸ˡԕD˵꣬뵽һ飬æ˵ҾÿеԵˣ״Ԫۡ̽ǿν֣꾩ǵϰǼʶķɣҲǺúõһ£Ͼʮ꺮ġ
ʱŪÿνǲģԕDÿ԰á
ϸظŷ˵˵νβԼô
˵ν֣˵¹硣γ¹ģҪġ
ԕD˵ڴŷޣ˵Ŀƾٿô
ŷ𾪣ֱ˫ԕD˰Żع
£˵ĿƾٿԺܺáŷޱԕDµĿƾٿԾˡΪ̫𺳣Żʧ̬
˵ĿƾٿԿʵ𣿡˵ĿƾƶȱϾģγδ̫ȽĴǽܲˡ
ŷһƽ¼顣
£ʵС˵꣬˵£˵ĿƾٿԷǳãķǳãµĿƾٿ̫ˣ
ԕDɫһϲеĻҾͷˡ
£Ӧøټ˵ŷ޲֪뵽ʲôɫΪ̫ǵͨ졣⽫ǡǡǡΪ̫ŷһʱ˵Ļ
ȸ˵ҪǾÿԣҲŸҸ˵Ȼµ˵뷨á
ŷ޷ǳ˵£뷨ǳãǳã̫ӵµĿƾƶһʷ£ھȥټ˵˵꣬ץԕDߡ
ͻȻߵԕDһ±ƣ߳žѹ
ŷһʱ𱰣ԕD󲽵ߡ
һʼߣֱԕD
ԕDŷôҲܡ
ڸ⣬Ƶŷ̫ӵһ·һΪʲô飬æӭǰȥ׼񣬽ŷӶ
ŷûеͨԕD߽˸
ĄӣȻŷޣ΢΢£׼˵ʲôŷԕD
ԕDһ·קײײ˸˫ֳϥǣڵش
ڿ⸱ţģæеĄӣߵԕDǰĵʵôˣ
ԕḐְ˰ڣ߼ˡ
ŷʶԼղʧ̬ʧˣæںԕDټҡ̫ӵ£ʧ̬ټ𷣡
ô£ڶյݵԕDǰDDȺȿڲ軺
ԕDӹյڵغȺһյ裬ƽ
̫Ż
ŷһټҽ
ڶŷ޻ӻ֣ʵʲôôʧ̬
̫ӵ¿ƾƶȡŷ޵ɫֱüԽټң̫ӵ¿ƾƶȷǳãһҪ
µĿƾƶȣô£ھԕDDD˵˵
ԕDʱѾѸղŶŷ˵Ƿٴϸµظ˵˵
˺󣬸ŷ޵ķӦһǳ𾪡
һԵïʵҲǾĿɿڴȻμӿƾٿԣЩڵߣԿƾٿǷǳ˽ġ̫ӵµĿƾƶȣ֪µĿƾƶȻʲôĺ䶯
ô
úúãһ˵ã̫ˣ
ô˵ԕDͳ׷ˡ
ʲôʱ뵽ģʱĺ֪Ϊʲôô뷨
糯ʱ뵽ġȿȿȣ糯ʱ뵽Ŀƾƶȡ
˳ô˵ЩССĳԴס뵽µĿƾٿԾȻȸ˵ȸŷ˵
˳ǲ˵ȼԺѧõôȻҾ˵¡ԕD˿˵飬£Ȼȸ˵ˡ
ô뵽ģ
뵽İԕDɫ˵ʵһֱôεĿƾٿ̫ˡҪǲμӿƾٿԵѧӺܶ࣬¼ȡ̫࣬¹ԱҲԽԽ࣬ҾÿƾƶȿԸһˡ
οֽ˵DD뷨ܺá
ҪµĿƾƶȣôһ飬
΢΢üʲô飿
׷ϳƶȡԕDһ˵ĸƾƶΪ˸õΪ͢ѡ˲ţѧǵҪȻǷǳϸ񡣵ǣƶ;ˣȴòμϸĿƾٿԣԹնѧ˵̫ƽˡ
ټң̫ӵ˵ļǡȡƶȣĸƾƶֻѧΪ͢ΪǡȻŷԼΪ߹٣ĶǿԿ񲹣ýʿԺ;Ϊ٣Ǻ¡
µĿƾƶҪ֮ǰϸܶ࣬ѧ˵һ£㲻ȡƶȣµĿƾƶǺеġԕDɫ
˵öԡصǰǣȡƶȲһС¡
ƶȱȡֹҪȡǵ񲹣ҲҪȡ佫ǵ񲹣ĳǺ佫ǲŻûԹԡԕD˵üͷû˵΢΢̾˿ҪǲȡƶȣµĿƾƶȾʱҪˡȡƶȣµĿƾƶȣԺǻɡ
DDȡƶȣµĿƾƶȣ޶Ҫʹ顣ڷǳϲԕDµĿƾƶȣǾԕD˵ҪµĿƾƶȣȵ÷ϳƶȡȥǽ
ǣټҡ
飬ҾȻȥˡ
ͷţȻȥ
ԕD߼Ȼͣת˵˵һҪμӴԡ
ȥɣעⰲȫ
˰
ڸ£ԕDòμӣΪǳƤ˵ڳҲĻ
˵ԕD꿪ʼʽϳСûȨĻǲǶ
ߣȥԵġ
ԕDߵſڣʳҪȥޡ
޼ԕDǳϲ
£ôˣ
ȥˣҾ͹ˡԕDǣ޵֣ߡ
ܻʺˣЩֵʵDDôʱˣƽʱԕDڶ顣
ȥˡ
ѾʳУõĵĶ˳
£һ˰ɣϿЩġ
áԕDһ߳Եģһ룬Ҳ֪ܲ˵ǡ
ܻʺɫЩգЩĵʵôˣʲô飿
ûСԕD˵꣬Ƽܻʺ޶һǵؿǰЦЦû£Ҿ顣
ʲô飿
ԕDеĵģѸղڸܻʺ˵˵
ܻʺǷǳԾɫЩص˵ֻ´ǲԸ⳹ȡƶȡ
ǿӲǾһȡԕDڹǿӲǾͲˡԵǲᡣ
ټԺԼܻʺ˵˵µĿƾƶȷǳãպһҪС
һԵû˵ƽղܻʺԕD˵£졣Ҳڹ˵
ţµĿƾٿԾͺˡԕDµĿƾƶԽԽá
ܻʺο¶ĥ
ԕDֳƲƲ˵ҪǲУǾֻԼˡԺǻҪæոʮݣûʱȥ顣ϣǻ֮ǰܰЩ顣ǻ󣬾Ͳһæոʮݣһ߻Ҫæĸﳯ


86 
ںʹ鵽ϲŽ
ԕDȥš
, ʹֵôԕDôʣʵǲʲôϣġ
ڿһԕDĬ
, û̸ɹԕD, ֪Ȼ, ÿԼ
Ŷһʧ䲻ѵģٶ, Цһ˭˵ûгɹ
ɹˣԕDһɣļٵģǴӦˣ
ӦˣҪȵԽĸƾ١
ԕDǲ̫ţ㲻ڶҰɣôô״Ӧ, òںɡ
ֵ̧¶ӵĶͷΪε˵޶ʲô, Ǿ¿ƾٷǳãΪӦ, ͬ⳹ȡƶȡ
ԕDһţôô˵
ڿ⸱ŵСģ, ʧЦǺ˵¿ƾٷǳ, ͬˡ
ԕDֹ¿ƾپȻõôͬȡƶ, ҲҪ¿ƾ
˵ʱڵĿƾƶʷƵĿƾƶȣǺõز
ԕDƾƶȿ϶γĺãǲõġ, ôƳ¿ƾ, Ҫð
, Ҳ˲ٿɡ
̧ӵСԴһ˵֪һֱҪȡƶȣûкʵ޷ȡ񲹵ġΪȡƶȣôõĿƾƶȣôܲ㡣

ΪȡƶµĿƾƶȣ
Բ
˵˰ҿΪѧ¿ƾٵģΪ˳ȡƶȡԕDڵ
úúãΪѧӡЦ糯޾ͻȡеƶȡ
֪һҪκ˰Ȼ˵Щţǿ϶⵽ַԡͲ°
У޾ô𣿡
ѵ𣿡
ڱⷬˣ̧ôԕDԴ
޲֪оȻ˵С¡
вǵС£ʵǵС£Ϊӣܲô˵ɣҲ̫Тˡ㻹
ڵһ۶ӣɫ˵λڼ䣬ȡƶȣպǻȡֻ»顣ΪףȻҪúӡҪڕDDǻ֮ǰɨһЩϰDDԺǻרĵȥոʮݡ
ԕD⻰ͷݺһ𾪵ڡ
㡭û뵽ΪξȻǿӲһء
˵պҪոʮݣǳ棬ʱ޷ĵȥոʮݡһ㣬ԕDոյǻϳһЩƣƱػ⵽ǷԣӰ쵽ڲϣԕDǿʷλǰԕDɨһЩϰ
ԕDⷬжˣõĵ
ǵĶӣȻҪáĶӵļº͵
ԕD˽ز˲š
лл
Ķӵĺ󱳣ȡЦʮˣ
ԕD˫ֱڵĻ
ʮôˣʮ껹СӣôͲ
ӵСݣ㰡
ҶӶˣŰɡ
á
ŵʱڰһ¸ԕD˵˵
ʵ֮ԲȡƶȣҪΪͷΪ׵ļس֧¿ƾ١
岩Ƿǳ¿ƾٵĺãԼ¿ƾɵӰ죬Эȡƶȡ
ԕDдΪԾʱڵĿƾƶȾô
Ƕ¿ƾ޲ڡڼһѼŽԕDЦ岩ֿš
ҲʲôšÿαţԕDر顣ε¿ƾ٣ճʱڵĿƾ٣ԼģԿţɲҽܡ
Ҳ֪Ӳϲ˵ţû˵
糯ʱû뵽ȴ¿ƾ١
ԣԺٿҷͲҪңҿ¡ԕDһĺ˵˵
￴ӵС˼ֺЦ˵úúãԺ󲻴㡣
ʲôʱ¿ƾ٣ԕD¾ͿʼͯԣԡԺ͵ԡ
ͿͯԣôҪˣеϡ
㲻ͯԣͲĽԺʡԵĿ𣿡ԕD˵Ȼ¿ƾ٣Ǿ;ʵ겻¿ƾ٣ԣô󻹵üϿƾ٣¿ƾپҪƵˡ
΢΢ͷ˵öԡȽĵԿּ꣬¿ƾ٣ΪͯԳ⡣
¿ƾٵĿҲΧƾʷӼ˵£ͲҪˡһȺ󳼶⣬ǳô꿼⣬оˡ¿ƾ٣ֻԺб
ʵʲô
˭֪һһ򣬻Ǿеĺá
Ҳǣͷ˵¿ƾ١
ȼԺ顣
ţԕDһ壬һ߻ҳʮܰ
µʱĩԕD뿪
£Ҫȥ𣿡Ԫʵ
ʱˣͲȥŋ݋ˡԕDؾ˫֣쵽һ룬Ȼһ飬ַſڣ
£кηԸ
˶ʵʲô쳣
صµĻûκ쳣ïʵ˵ʵٳϿһֱ顣
ٳţԕDʵƽʲô
ʵƽٺϿҲûïʵ˵ӱȽϰһֱԼԺ
ԕDԣһŹ֣ƽﲻţʲôѵˣʵˣʱֵǿ⣬ﲻţҲ̫ˡ
Ҫˣ϶뾡취ԼȻôϱӵĻλ
£ڵʲô
ϿΣ
£ʣ
ϿĴΣԕDʵܳ裬ǲϲ
ǵճϿǺܳģǿӣԲûʵȨ?
ԕD˫ֱأʳָôֱۣɫ˼
ïʵԕDһ˼ģʵ£ﲻԾ𣿡
ıûʲôԵĵطǡԕD΢΢ü˵ΪʲôҪִȢϣ
£ʵִȢϲΪ𣿡
һԭ򣬵Ӧûԭ򡣡ѵˣʵûʵûΪʲôִȢϣѵԸһ飬ȻѣⲻܣԲܣ
ôһֿܣǾʵ϶εϱӵ飬˵ε˸ӡ
ʵٳûжѵûεϱʵ۵飿
ԕDһ˵Ǻܻ¶β͵ġʵ¶β͡
յ糯ϳеƶȣȻڳ˲Сĺ䶯ٴ󳼷ԣǷЧ佫ȻҲԣҲûá
ʵƶȵ佫ǣЩͨĽʿ佫ҵĽʿ
ԲܼΪ׵佫ǲƶȣΪ˵ûƶνеĻǺ¡ûеĻҲǻ¡
ͨ佫ǼۼǲԣٵֿҲûãҲֻܽȡƶһ¡
ĳǼ佫ǶˣٷҲûãҲֻεؽܡ
Ȼȡƶ˼죬ƽϢˡ
ֻȡĳǵƶȣô϶ưոݡͬ佫Ҳˡ
ΪͬʱȡĳǺ佫ǵ񲹣ټǼ֧֣ûд
ѧ˵ȡƶȣȻǳˡһֱǶƶȷǳöǲƽǣǾƣô͢Ҳȡƶȡû뵽гһգܿƶȱȡһ졣
ΪƶȵȡѧĿеĵλ˲١
ûаƶȡһԕDͷϣҪΪȡƶòĳ佫ǲˡԕDͷϣôЩ󳼺佫ƱػԕD
ƶ˳ȡ¿ƾһ¡
¿ƾ֮ǰǵ˽¿ƾƶȡ
⼸գԕDȥ¿ƾƶһ¡
һգ̫ϢҪԕDһ档
ʱգԕDæžȼԺѧã¿ƾһ£ǰ߸ˡߣһֱûдϢԕDΪԸ⡣
ԕDŲԽǳ˹ǰּ̫ߡ

߻˸񣺡ܹӡ
ԕDϽߣҸô
ۣո鷳ˣͬʱҲлл㡣ߵĵлǳֿ
ˡԕDߣ߽ͷ룬ûһ˿ҡӺҲˣ·ҲɾԵ÷ǳо񣬺ڻϼǷСͷˡ
ͬʱҲذԕDһ
ڻϣȵЩ࣬ټϻǺֻǵø۳ĺÿһ⺢ӻһϣǲܼӵܡ
ߺ֪ϵĻǲģټϸԳղܣܺòµ۵ݡ
ңΪ֮ǰ԰ɣ
ǡҲӣֱʵۣҪѧ𣿡
Ȼģҹ˼գѧþҪѧˡԕDʵ֪ǷԸѧõ
𣿡ĿؿԕD̫ãѧòĶϷɣֻǲܼıȡ
ô˵İ˵ôߵ˵ǲܼһҪѧıô㿴˭
ԕDһ۲˼
ۣңΪʲôҪѧã쿴ԕDֽûе棬ʱһֱ£˼Ի
ƶͥĺܶ飬ʶ֡ԕDֱӣɫǳ࣬ҲҼҾƣҲΪıȡֻΪƶͥĺһЩ顣
ƶͥĺܶ飬ʶ֣߰˵֪˵ʲô𣿡
ҵȻ֪˵ʲôʻɵ̬ȣûԕD෴ܸôʡȻ֪ǲܼҵӵܣӦ֪ҲȱǮҰѧõĿĺܼ򵥣Ҹղ˵ѧõĵصҶҺˡ
һȨӵôƶӵܣ
һȨӵΪʲôܰƶӵ𣿡ԕDʵ
Ȩôƶ
ȨǲᣬǲܼҲǡԕDߵ˵ܼ۸֮£
˵ûС
ҹùΪʺֹоˮ³˿ĲϡԕDùþǣΪ£Ϊ츣ѧòǹ¡˵Ѹù˵£ù÷ǳ֧ô
ᵽʺϵɼЩ
ۣҪôѧã
һ˵Ұѧòƶӵȥμӿƾ١ԕDԵֻܶ顢ʶ֣ܴж˵ĵ
⻰¶ԾΪ˿ƾٿԣ
ûкʮ꣬ôܲμӿƾٿԡԕDЦҾǮҲӦƶӵܶʮ鰡ֻܹǶꡣʱ䣬㹻ʶ֣ҲǶһЩ
ԕDô˵˲˼ͬʱҲԕDѧòġ
꾩ƶӵܿɲ٣һûвӦÿ˶ʮ꿼ƾ١
ۣѧ˵ϲɵ¶һĨɫС϶á
飬˵ˡãǲġ
Ҳǣ꾩Ҳһˡ֪Ҳ֡
ԕDȻվ֣ص˸񣺡ϵѧõ
߱ԕDĵ̬ȴˣкǶݡվַԕD
ۣ㲻þС
Ĳȥƶӵܣʵίˣ㲻ͺá
ҲҴӦ㣡ʱգ˺ܶ顣ⱲӻԻ͹Ҳʵ⼸ʮججػšиᣬ֮ǰһ飬һ飬Ը
ѧллԕDЦ˵̵ܽúǡ
Ҹлл㡣ٴ֣صԕD˸
ԕD˵ѧõ顣
к𺳣û뵽ҪԶذѧðȥ
˵ѧõԕDִȥѧá
ѧþھӲֵĶ棬ǰԺһжʮ䡣ԺļǸ׼ġǰԺʮѧõġ
ȻЩ¾ɣѱװεķǳ¡
ΪԕDԻ̫֮ѧãֵ̫ѧãѧý̫ѧá
վͿ԰ᵽѧúԺס
ҽջȥʰ£ٰʵʲôʱѧ
պһ˰鼮ͱīֽԕD˵Ӧסʱ鷳ʰĶ
û⡣
Ҳϴ¡
ϴ£߾ˣæ˵ǲʲôٹˣҪź򡣡
ҪæŽ飬ʱԼϴ·ԕD֪ʲôȰ˵ϴµѧǵĸ׻߽㣬ǲҪҲҪѧ緹
ۣ⡭
ȻһḶǮǣ׬ЩǮá
ۣ̫ˡ
ֻܼ顣
£߳ײԕDѧõġ
ԕD߹һ̫ѧã뿪
߼ǰľӲ֣кܶ໹ؤЩ֣ʵô£
ľӲҪĽɾȼԺר޶Ů˺޸ĸĺӡ
߿ԕDʵģ


87 
Ȼ, ǳ͢ġԕD֪ΪʲôģȻܳϣⱾ°
ҲһʡȻ֪Ǹġ
û뵽͢޶Ůˡ
ԕD˵Ǻ, 𣿡
⵹ǡȻЩߵѧǣԳ͢ûʲôʱ, ޹͢, ޹ټҡΪټұһȺḯɱ˫, , ʹˣŷʱԼ̫ΪǡһЩŻǳ͢вŻ˺ܶ, ˵ࡢ岩ŷ޵ˡǹ̫ѧðھӲֶģ
ԣԺӲĺҲ̫ѧö顣ԕDЦӲֵ˼иѧãҲˡ
ԕD˼, ؿһ˵, û뵽СС, ôȫ
˵ذ̫ѧá
Ҹܵˡ߶ԕD˵, ѧá
, ȥɡ
ˡ˵꣬˫ֱڱ, С, ҡͷԵ뿪ˡ
ԕDȻߺС, ߸ˡ, ̫ѧõǶԵġ
ȥ濴
, ¡
͢棬޽ȼԺһµȻܿͿʼˡǰգȥЩ޼ҿɹˡ
ǱŻɵ̬ȹˣסӲֺ󣬷һġھӲǲеطסзԡ
͢ǷޱѹӦһ͡
ǽ˾Ӳֺһϴһˮ衣ȫϴɾǾܳԵһٱ
һסǵڻмˡ
Ӳ׵ĺǷǳӭǵĵѾһס˻ˡ
͢Ǯ޲Ӳֵķӣһ˷䡣
˯һ䡣һ˯һ䲻ʵʡӲÿܴȫסˡ
ĿǰסӲǵﶼǳ͢ǾģȻҲйоġ
кܶ覴õĲϣܻʺ󾭳óӲ֡ǰǾӲĺӣҪǡ
Ȱ꾩й¿˽ӵӲֺ󣬵ʱͻʽΪȼԺǸʱҲļʳ
ԕDһ͢£ûڷܣͷˡ
뿪ӲֺԕDŲȥ̫֡
̫ѧҪ鼮ͱīֽ⣬Ȼֹ̫Ӧ
֮ǰ̫벻ѧӰæд鼮Ϊ˸̫ѧõѧǡ
ѧһ£ԕDҲֵ̫˰졣
ĿǰѾյʮѧ
ѧʱ򣬺ܶ˲Ѷ顣ֵ̫ô˵ǾǲšǣҲһЩš˵ţ˵Ǳһ̬ȡ˵鲻ҪǮΪʲôȥԡ
Ҳвٺȥ飬Ǽ˲ͬ⡣
ƶͥ˵Ҳһܰ£æ׬Ǯȥ֡˵úȥ飬ǾͲܰ¡
뷨˺ܶࡣǿѶҲһݳ޵顣׼ȷ˵һûõ顣
Щ˲ǲ֪гϢǶ鲻ϾгϢҪܶȥƾ١μ˿ƾ٣ҲһǸС˷ʱ飬æ
ʵںҲкܶҳ뷨
ԕDԼ͸̫ѧõ鼮Ȼ徭϶ҪеġҪСǧġ顣Ǹտʼʱ򣬲Ƕ徭ԕDտʼʱ򣬶Ҳǡǧġ
鼮ҪԕDóÿһǵ͸̫ѧõѧ졣Ȼŷ޺ͷǵ˵
ȷ͸̫ѧõ鼮ûκԕDŻع
ԕDһعȥڣԺһ¡
ǰԕDûʳ˾ջ֮ˣȻԺʵ飬ʳ˾ԺѾˡ
֪ԺġȻԺڻʳ˾Ժﳯ͢˲顣
ʽԺˡԕDԺԻֵǻܸԺ
Ϊʲôû棿ʵ
һû֣ԺͻòԕDɫǳ࣬ԺܺúõΪ͢Ч
ԕD˼ͷ˵ã㡣
ˣ͢ʽԱԕD˵ԱˣǵĴͳ͢ԱĴһ
üƷã
͸ԺһɡԕD˵պҪ̫ѧһѧŻиѧϰơֹ̫ѧطĹѧҲҪѧϾطҲҪơ
˼ÿضҪƣ
ԕDͷûÿرҪơ
˼˵á
ڳֵʶƵҪԣ޳ÿԺ
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ɳ͢Ǯׯһ£ԕD͸˵
Ǯׯһ£дӣ糯ࡣ˵꣬˵Ժһࡣ
ðҴȥдӡӽʼʽϳԕDд˲لӡ
ʵʲô𣿡
һ֮ǰȥ¾Ӳ֡ԕDھӲֿ˵˵ֻ꾩޽ȼԺɲУطҲ޽꾩ǵľȼԺŪúּõط޽ˡ
΢΢ͷá
ԕD°˵ûˡ
̫ѧðôˣ
׼׼ĲˣպʽѧԕD˵꣬ߣ͸˵
ڻǵߣЩŻϧ
̫ѧõûʲôϧˡ
㾹Ȼ
ȣԼҲ⡣ԕDЦе˵һȥ˰
ذɡ
ԕDصæдйԺͿ賯͢ǮׯĄӡ
дꄞӣѾˡҪæдкƴͱŵġûȥš
ţԕDͿʼдƴ
ԕDڻ̲סʵ£⻭ʲôôû
ԕDĻЦˣɲǷƴ
ƴãȻƴʲô
ÿֵԕDֽд²֣ϱƴֵƴ
ס
ԕDǳؽ̲ƴ
һʼԕDһһ㣬Ȼ÷ǳ档
£ÿֶƴ𣿡
Ȼ
£̫˰ɡ
иġԕDָָոдõĶʮĸȰʮĸˡ
ǣ¡
ԕDдøƴйصĶͿʼעͬʱҲעš
ڸעʱͻȻ뵽˰֡
ƽʱðֱȽϷЩ˵ʱҲѰŪɡ
æʱԕD׼ʱȥϢˡ
糯Ϊ̫ӵһ࣬ԺǮׯһ˵˳
ԺǮׯ飬ԕD˵Ҳǡʱ죬Ҳʽˡ
岩Ȼ֧޳ɡ
󳼲ǺܶǼǶͬҲûзԡ


88 
̫ѧ˳ѧ, ѧ֮ǰʮ
ڿѧǰ̫ѧյʮѧû뵽ѧĵ죬ʮҺ̫ѧñһٸ˵鼮, Ȼ鼮ˡ
ߣ, һ, ȫ̵ܸʮѧ
ʮѧ, С, ʮꡣ󲿷ѧʮ¡ʮϵѧԼ˵ǸȱٵĿ, ܰɻܰ׬Ǯ
ʮϵѧֻ
Щѧûж飬ͨƶĺӡǱֳ, һʮˡѧ, ʱÿȻҲӡ
߲̫ѧõ, ԕDΪ̫ѧõĽڣҲУ
Уߵ, ѧҲõ, ԕDΪʡߣ, ѹ, Ͳи, úø̫ѧһ, ί, ԼãĽ̵ѧ
ѧ죬ԕDȥһƼʻʮ¡أΪľ꾩ǵ֪̫ѧõĴڡ
ֵ̫ıֽ־Ҳ̫ѧõ飬꾩СС䶯
̫ѧòҪÑѷ鼮ͱīֽ⣬ܷ⼸գ춼ѧ
ӿѧʮˣڵߡʮˡ
ǰѧ̫ѧ߲ܣҲûȥ˲ÿѧʵͥʵЩǮĲǵĺ̫ѧö飬úȥ˽ӡ
ѧԽԽ࣬ΪԷ֡ԕDȥػ
ѧû죬ѧͼҳ£ЩǵƦҪռ̫ѧãԕDȥʰˡ
ߺƶУǳϸֻҪУ棬ǴĻ߷²ξֱӿȻߣ˵ʦ棬ͻֱӿ
µٺʰ̫ѧõһж졣
죬ԕDпվͻ̫ѧÿÿοض飬һСǶ֪ʶڴ;ð̫ѧǶԵġ
ԕDһЩѧǵĸ׻߽ϴ·ѧѧôɨ
Ȼн겻Ǻܸߣ˵ҲһʲƵ룬ҪҲѧ緹Уѧʣ˺ʣҲܴȥ˳ԡ
ˣԕD̫ѧУɫӡԕDϣ̫ѧõѧӵƷͬʱҲһͲΣǿػߡ
ÿѧУֹˣÿڶỻУ
̫ҲļʹᡣǾ˶`ڱֽϣ
̫ѧó˽ѧǾʷӼ
ǰʱգԕD˰֡һƳͷǳܻӭ񲻹ǳ͢䶼ð֡ȻڲС֡ǽС֡
̫ѧõѧѧϰ̫ѧҲſΡȻſΡ
ԕD̫ѧõѧѧϰԺҪǲ飬ȥﵱ˷ѧͽ
ĻΣԕD̫ѧÿΣ̺Ƕ壬ѧϰգѧϰϡ
ͨǴģϾǼǿϡ
̫ѧвӣԕDȥɱǾȻȥɱǾʲô˵ϾǳµΣա
ںʹǶԕD̫ѧúܸȤڻ̫ѧÿ˿ǣ˵Ͱǻ̫ѧõһ
ѧǲ֪˭֪ǿͷǣһ㼤ػ˹ȥ
ʮ־巶ͣ͵ʱ͸СԵܼżһ˷ܡ
ڽⷽǷǳһףߴ˺ܶྭ飬ǳ
ϢʱҲ̫ѧһ̺Ƕ飬ͺһϡ
ǲԼ̫ͬѧѧǶһҪģǷǳ̫ѧõѧǡ͵£ÿһʱ䣬ͻ̫ѧѧ̫ѧõ̫ѧǣʱҲ̫ѧ顣
Ȼ֪ǲܼҵĺӣǼܰͷĳ͢سǶȣд𾪡
̫ѧһﰲٺãԕDŷĵȥԡ
ĴҦ֣ص꾩ǵɽ
ҦҺۼҶԼΧ
μӴԵĶˡеĺԕDһеıԕDʮꡣǶ佫ҵĵϵӵܣڼãǼδϣ
⼸ԕDЩ佫ҵӵǻķǳ졣Щǳ߰ӵǶԕDҲʮŷ
ȻԕDҪкܶСǶԕD̫ķڷ
ԕDڴϣϣԵࡣǰ꣬Եͷǡȥ꣬ԵͷǺͼֻ¹
Χﱻ˺ܶදĵȻ¹ꡢӵСΣյȻǺܡ⼸꣬ûԵܡȻÿ괺ԺԣԕDǶԵܡ
ĴԣҪȥĴЩΪ˲ˡЩ佫ӵǴѣǼԶݡ
ԕDˣۼӵȹк
ۼʮңȻǳ󡣲˵֧˵ϵҲǳӴ󡣲⼸ʮۼҵĵϵࡣȻ࣬һȴǳ㡣
Щźüң϶вٰ࣬ۼҵĵϵһݰûСΪ˴ǳ͵ҷǳǫѷûаŰʡ
ܼ⼸ʮǳ͵ۼұȲܼһҪ͵ŵ˵ۼЩûʲôڸС
Ĵԣۼӵܶ޵ĸ硣
ۼҵϵΨһһŮӣ˵ǧ谮һĸĸĸǷǳ۰˵»ˣˤһҲšǰޱѡнĸĸ͸ʮֲԸ⡣
̱ȳ͢ҪңԻҲͨη˵ǲûаѻҷ
ǰޱڹﵱ̫޵ĸǶԕD̫ӻġ
õģ᲻һίȻ̫󣬵ͬʱίȻòǹһֱǵ谮š
ǰ꣬ԕDһβμӴԵʱȻۼӵܵˡȻԕDɻˡֹˣոǡ
飬޵ĸǶԕD̫÷⡣뵽ԺҪͺܶŮԴףǶԕD÷˲ǣǰʱ䣬˵̫ӵԺֻһӣǷǳԾ
ʹ֪̫ӵ̫ӵܶ˵Ƿ˵̫ӵºãǷǳ⡣
ⲻһƥѪ͸ԕD
ԕDû뵽δĴǻ͸һƥѪЩ⡣Ǿϲ
ܿ죬˶ˡ
ԕDһʽʼ
տʼ죬ԕDͲԵ¹ӡۼǾȻԵһͷǡ
漸죬Ҳ֪ԕDããȻһֻܡͷûˣ˵ܣʮΣա
ȻûˣҲΣաԕD侲ָ£ͲǳɹذƷˡ
죬ԕD˰ͻص
ԕDֻ׸ںͲܻʺ󣬱ϾܵȫǱ
̫ӵԵһͷһºܿ꾩ǴǴǣǰǶʢ̫ӵ͡ŴžԽԽ棬ԕDɽӵʿ
ú黹ĺɹԴӵһ͵̫ӣֻ΢΢£û̫⣬ΪڹⴵǵĻ̫ӡ
ǾôεĻ̫Ӻһûаһ¡ȻԺǼʶλ̫ӵ󣬲ŷֵĴǼٵģΪεĻ̫Ӳͣ׺ݣǲԭϵĶǻҪ׺ݡǸʱѾˡ


89 
Ĵ, ԕDΪһͷܣûκֻ˵һһֻܣ˵ؼһֻ˵ĺࡣ
һֻ׺, һֻһ񡣻Ƿɴ˷򣬷ɵ꾩ǡֻΪ, ԲŻɴط
ֻ˵ĺȻӿе, ҷǳ׼صԕDĻ
ԕDʱ, һҲǳ, һ˫Բ۾Ͱ͵ԕDԕD
ϱӣԕDȥرǱεʱ, ࣬ʵݣεݡ
Ⱳӣû뵽, һʮֹɿɰ
ֻ, ֻԕDӽ˽ӽ, ͻ÷ǳ׺ݡֹˣֻԕDιĶιóʳ˰ݵ, Ҳԡ
ԕDֻչ, ҩιʳ
еҩȻǼõ, ¾ú˿ϡ
ԕDԭΪ˺úߡûдº, Ͼ, Ĺ, ǴȻ, ǻʹعȻأߡ
಻ԸߣԕDֻҸȡΪ󺣡
ԕD߲һֻݣһֻɵСè䡣
ԕDд֣ͶԕDֱߡԕD˯ͶĴߡԕDϳͶĽűߣҳϵһ
󺣷ǳԣԕDĻԕD״ƽ;ѵţĶץ˵ӻС֮Сѵˡ
֮ǰսһ꾩ǵѱʦѱʦѵѵӥˣӥ
ԕDѵ󺣵ķʽǸѧģһѧˡӥѴѵս۾
ɹɹ̵ʱ򣬾ԿǵһЩˡӥǵӥǵ۾ǵʹǵġ֡
񺣶ޣϮɱǷǳ˵ģ߶һ˲¡
Ѿȥһʱ䣬ٹһʱվҪʡˡ
ʱ䣬糯ϵĻΧʡԡ
ʡ֮ǰҪȹڡ
ûмˣǹ꾩ǶŹڵա
ÿĶڣ꾩ǶٰۡʫᡢյȻ
⼸Ķڣ̫ѧѧǻμ۱꾩ǵϰչۿ
ȨǲۣǴ򡣹ٰ
һ죬ǺȨǶμӶᡣ
󣬾ͻڹμӴ
ǰ꣬ԕDСûвμӴ꣬˲٣Ϳʼμ
һҰϷҲǹ˶
ڵĲôãǲܻʺԕDȴǳá
ÿιоٰܻʺһŮĹھԕDٶĹھ
ڵǰһ죬ԕDǣӡ
ÿڣԕDǳԵӶǲܻʺݰġ꣬ԕDԵްġ
ԕD͸ǵӣȻǲܻʺǰģǹġ
֮ǰִЩ廨ֵֹӸݣ´ڵкܶŹֵڶ˵̵ڶˮڶ̵ڶзڶȡ
⼸꣬ԽڶӣԽܻӭִ棬ŴҲ氡
ԕD𵳣ܲζӡ͸ǵӣģҲ̵ġȻԶԣԕD̵ܲ𶹸ԡ
ǷҲ˲ӡ֪ԕDϲӣڶͺ춹ڶĸ׻ԕD˶ڵġʡҡ
ڵǰһ͵죬̫ѧż١
ް뵽һڡ
ʵ⼸꣬һֵʱסǼҡÿѽڣ϶Ǽҡ
ڵ죬ԕDҪڹģϿԳ档⼸Ķڣ϶һһμӶڵʫᡢա
ÿԪﶼٰʫᡣ
ֵʫʷǳܻӭÿԪڣѧǺ͹Ƕǳڴֵʫʡ
ǰ£꾩ĶķͿʼѺ޵ĶʫʣѺдĺòá
ĶڻǺһ֣ûʲôõ鷢Ķʫᣬֵܵʫûκػõһ͵ڶ
ֵдʫʣ꾩ﴫˡϣȺĹǾͰдʫʱ˸裬꾩ﴫ
ڹû죬ʡԡ
кܶѧӻûдӶڵϲлͶ뵽ʡС
ʡԸԺܲһԵ̲һԵѶҲܶࡣô˵ɣԵѶ֣ôʡԵѶȾǰ˷֡ԴƣԵѶʮ֡ʡҪ죬ѧǲ뿪ԼĺŷԺԼխĺŷ
ԣʡԵĿԹؾϸˡԵʱ̫ѧѧӿ̫ѧ￼ǿʡԵʱǾͱѧһҪȥԺԡ
һ̫ѧѧӿʡԵʱһôǾǲûϼҿֱ꾩￼
ʡԵʱԕDԵķ꾩ǵձòһҪ֮ǰԵĽŲ١ˣҲҪȽԵʱУ׼ҲҪȽϿ
ԕD䵱һؿ٣ȥԺѲӡ
һѲӡ
ǷֽȻһСӣǾһ뵽С̫ӵ£һ÷ǳ棬ͬʱַǳ
ԕDǺضЦº͵ЦЦ
һЦÿǸӼˡ
ԕDЦ󣬰ǳ˵λ濼ԡ
⻰һ˵ͷԣٿ
ԕDڿѲһͳˡ˵ʵζ˵θڣʺζѬˡ
£ȥһ𣿡˵꣬һ飬˵һҪȥ𣿡
ԕDڰ˵ڲǼҵʱ򣬲ȻӰ쵽ǿԡ뵽ղѲӵʱ򣬿Ǿ涢Σü˵ҼѲߣҲӰ쵽
ǵһμ£Ȼǳ档Цǵ»ôÿΪԕD죬ԲŸҿЦ
ԕDԼһ˵ҳǺÿһֱҿҲ
̫ӵⷬƨĻЦˣÿġ
ԕDһصͷǵȻ˵꣬ȻȥˣѲӰɡ
£㡣ԕD͵Ժſڡ
ԕDţԺգգۣʡԽˣһϲ㡣
һоϲʱ˫۷Ź˵ڴš
ȥæɣһعˡ
ߡ
ԕDڻعǰȻ뵽֮ǰ˵֬ˮۣȥ֬ˮ̿
֬ˮ۲ô˽⣬ûưõø
֬ˮ۳һģǱȫվձǰֱ̿ˮ
Ҽǰؤ۰Ͱ͵ض̯ϵձض˻֣ߣҪǰ
ҡҡһһ̫࣬ߺ
ԕDһĻǰȥԵ˵ϰ壬ձ
űǰɡҶǳذűСӣı
ԕDӹ׷˸ղſձˮˡ
硣ԕDֳ˳˵ӡ
˵ͷһһྫ£ŹСӣɵס
磬˰ɡԕDеձݵ˵ǰձ
˴סˣ
ԕDֱӰձ˵УһңװһЩӡ
磬ձ˾ͲóˣϿ԰ɡ˵ЩǮҵס˵꣬ʹԽ뿪ˡ
һʱûзӦԕD˺ܾòŷӦȻ־ϲղžȻСܵܽʲô֣סǮˣһҪǮǵʱȥ˰


90 
, ʡԽİ£ǿǽʱ
֮ǰԣǺ, Ǵݵǣʡԣûа, ǻֲ̿
ԕDһģΪûãⲻܰǵĲŻ, һܿʡԡ
ʡԺѣܰʡԵĿడǺѰ
޵ͷ˵ȽѣҲǺѡ
Ǻ, ôһɥģԕDƵ, ǵ϶ܿʡ԰
, ôİ
ҶһֱġԕDŹֵǣѵǶԼûģ
˼ЦЦǺġ
мհ
Ĳɡ
һնû𣿡
ûС
ԕD˿ǣǫ顣
ǿ϶ܿ, ͲҪˡ
ԕDô˵, Ľ˺ܶࡣ
ۣлл㡣
ʡԿˣǴʲô, ҪҪȥɼ죿ԕD˵, ҿǵɫ, һģ, ǺúϢɡ
ҡҡͷ˵, ǲϢ׼ϰʡԱȽѶˣôһʡԸѡȻοʡԲǲ֤Ծס
͵ص˵ͷҪʡѣǵúúøϰ
޵ͷ˵ԱʡѣǲúøϰĻǻᡭ
ԕDǵ飬ǲԸϢҲǿǡ
ðɣǺúøϰʱҾͲˡ˵꣬뵽ʲô˵һ䣬ԵȷʡѣӦúúøϰģҪĵѡ
ۣǿԣٴǳȥ档
ðԕDһƣ˵ǺúϢɣȻȥˡ
·Сġ
ԕD߼ͣת˵⼸޷飬û˼ȥ棬ȥ̫ѧý̺Ƕ飬ƽ
޾ԕDǳã硢磬˵öԣǿȥ̫ѧý̺Ƕ顣
ǻȥġ
ԕDֶǺúϢ뿪
صУ˵һ£ⲻùĵ飬û⡣
ȥֵˣڸԕD룬תȥԺ
ͺŷǸոæãںȲ壬ԕDˣæ
ԕD󣬾ͺͷ
£ǵó֮ǰ˵𣿡
ǵðԕDеӣ֮ǰ˵Ҫ꾩ߵˣʲôʱ꾩
ǰյţӦ쵽꾩ᵽأ͵ɫ˲÷ǳͰѾïкˣʱ̫ѧ
ˣȥλʷ϶ĴУԕDǳ档ˣһ
⻰ŷǷ׷׿ԕD
£ʲôԸ
ִε鼮Ƚɢû˰һ𡣡鼮ãʱͻɢɢпӦðе鼮ãҲĶͬʱҲܺúõ
£飿
ԕD΢΢ףţ飬ѾʷӼ޺ãʷ޺ãҽ޺ãѹ޺á޺ãں
ǱԕD⻰ˣû뵽׵̫ӵ»뵽顣ʵЩ͢һֱ飬޵Ĳ̫ӵ˵飬޵ĶһЩɢɢ顣
ˣһֵ䣬һڴεֵ䡣ԕD˵ָ꣬ԼһûаעͱŰġдãҪдֵ䣬ǡ
ֵ䣿һãȻ£ֻ˵ǵ䣬û˵ֵ䡣
˼ǲֵֵ䡣ԕDؽʲôֵ䣬Լֵô
˺ϲ˵£ǳãÿֵ䡣
ֵԻҰһֵ꣬䡣ֵ䣬ȻҪƴȥȰҸղ˵Щðɣʱޡ
£鲻һС¡
֪鲻С£ԲŸ˵ԕDɫȻ÷ǳ£ǣĺôûǸĳһЩʡǶ佫ǡҴ͸˵
ǣ¡
ԕDָ˵˵ô飬Ȼȥ̫ҽԺ
ҽҲǳҪ
ӹҽɢҲ˵߰㣬ûһͳӦðҽúõһҽһǳ׵飬ҪѣϾҽҪϸ˶ԣҪȷûһǴġ
ԕDҽһ¸Ժ˵ˡԺ˺󣬹Ȼüͷһ̫ԸģΪҽ鲻ѣǷǳࡣҪ֪ӹҽǳ࣬ö嫺ҲΪ
Ȱ̫ҽԺҽãһúԺǱ߰йҽ鼮ȫҳҲȥѼʱһ顣ԕDòݾܾ˵ҽޣǸԴ
ǣ¡ʵ̫ҽҽĺôҽ̫ˡ
ԕD̫ҽԺѻظһ¸˵˵
ڷǳ֧һ£ּôǺ̫ҽ顣
ԕDڸһӲ뿪
£ô뵽鰡
ĳЩԕDԵߣǱ޵ġ޺飬Ե£ҲԺкôҲҪޣһ游ޡ
游ޱ飬⡭
ޱԽ˵һ¡
ԕDŲȥܻʺ˵˵һ¡ȻҲޱһ¡
ܻʺҲ޳顣ޱһ£ԼСܶ飬Աǳ˽⣬ޱΪʡ
ܻʺһԕDŻص
һصæżдעͱŰġѾд֮֮һдꡣ
Ҫµȥǰдעͱŵġǣǰƴͱƹ㿪
ʱ֮ǰڽϱԕDձ꣬ҵ˶ʦסլڶʦûлûˣֻſڵȡ
ʱͲŴӹһſڣæǰȥδأ£漴ϲá
ѧˡ
̫ˡͰϸشһ˷ǳݣ֪һ·ǳࡣ
֮ǰԕDڽء
ΪǮ͵ܶûгһٱԲŻձ̯ǰֱˮ
͸һԸˮúõԡһ
ԡ꣬ͻ
ʦͽ߳Աġ
˵ǰһСӾһ¡
˵Сӳ÷ǳƯһһӦԕD
һ
лл֮ǰСӽӣȻ⼸ûȥݼĳ
ǰؾ͵꾩ûеһʱҷͣΪҪȥݼ꾩ǵ׳
⼸պúϢϢˣٴȥ̫ѧμѧԡº˵ʱúϰ
һжġ
ˣҸ̫ӵ㣬㿼̫ѧѧԣҾʹȥ̫ӵ¡źЦ¶ܺ档
̫ӵҪң˾ˡ


91 
յ糯, һ¡
Ȼһº鷳ǴǶ֪ĺô, ĺһʷǶԸ顣
ûзԣھּŷ޸֡ŷ޹ʷⷽǷǳо飬ôҪ齻ʲȻŷĿǰҪֿƾٿ, ȵԽæ顣
˵һ£дƺһ¡
ԴԕDˮŪھּˮ޽Ҫĵ̰, оͰƺӡ
ӹ񣬻ƺһֱˮ⣬ÿƺ׳¡һƺӳ£ûܶݸ
Щ꣬ƺӱȽʵ, ûֳشˮСˮûͣ, øİǿ಻ԡ
͢ȥƺӵ⣬ʼûʲôЧֻ޽ƺӵ̰, ʵܽ⡣
˵ƺӲһ򵥵顣, ܶطˮ, Ҫǻƺӵķ⡣
Ĵ󳼽޸Ļƺӷļ, Ƕӡ
Ҳкܶ, Ҿˮһˮ, ôֺҲˮ
Ȼ⼸꣬ʵ˲٣ûֳˮðǰҵ˼꣬ǽӿʼʵˡ޽˺ӵˣҲ赲˺ˮǡ
ٴӣǾôޣûһõ顣
һǳּѵ飬һǳǮֹˣҪǨաʷϣÿ޺ӶỨѲٲ
Ͷ޴Ͳ޺úӣôô޴ĴǶԵġͶôͲ󣬻ǲ޺úӡԣÿÿֻܡ첹
Ҫ£ֻּõŰϰǨߣһԤʧС޺һ£ʱˡ
˵궨һ£˵һ¡
ʡѾˣǵԡ
ǿƾٿΪҪĿԣ˵֮أںʹǶΪӵԡ
˵һ£糯ͽˡ
ڼһ˼ģĵʵʲô
ˮһ¡ԕDſӵͷص˵Լ°ͣӲǲΡ
ԕDô˵һϲæʵа취Σ
ҵÿͼȻҪȥز鿴¡ϱӣ⹫ˮרң޹ٺˮⷽ棬˼ҷǳо顣ֹˣ˼һʷϵˮһоСʱˮܸȤ⹫˵˺ܶˮ顣
е̨Ҫһˮļ¼Ƭ⹫Ϊרҹʣ˺ܶĽ顣⹫Ӱ죬ϲˮԭ㳤̳⹫²ΪһˮרҡϲϷѧͱϷѧԺ
ïʵӵͼϸظԕD¶ӵ
ԕDؿ˿ӵͼӸʷϵӺ
ʷϵλֱˮ峯ʱڱ߱κˡ
εĶӼֱһҪСһЩ
һǾͺðˡȥؿ
Ҵȥӡͼͼʵ΢ȥ鿴
DDа취ζӣ
ȥ˶˵˵ӣ꾩ǺӾķӳ£ô꾩ǺҲӰ졣գҾͳȥӡ
꾩ǲԶȥֻҪ졣
ڳĬˡԕDһ˳ԶţԕDʲô⣬ǳܲġ
DD̫С޲š
Զ˱ҰԕDո뵽Ҫȥӣÿ̽ʵ
ʵˣ֪һ˳ԶţʵһŹôóĻᡣʵʲô鶼ûǾ˵ʵûˡ
˵γʮ꣬ûг꾩ǡóᣬ꾩ĵطʲôġ
У㲻ȥڵɫȻ÷ǳ࣬ȥӣҲûˮ˵ˮһǣ̫࣬ǻᷴԡ

ԕD˵ʲôͱڴˣDD̫С޺ͻʺ󣬰ǶͬԶš
ʮˣСˡ
DDΨһĶӣǴεĻ̫ӣγԶų£޺ͻʺô죿ڳܲʧȥӵĴۣҲܲʧȥ̫ӵĴۡ
仰ԕDߵĻסˡ˵ʵҲұ֤Լһ˳ԶŻƽ¡ߣĳˣԵ͋݋˵Ĵ
DD޺ͻʺòĶӣǱ̫ӣҪǳ¡˵£漴ɫص˵޺ͻʺᡭͻʺġ
ԕDһ²ģһƬɬ
֪ˣҲȥӣҪȥ춨ӡĳºֻµ͋݋Ҳ¡
ô˵һɫͰ˵ã޴ּȥ춨ӡ
ԕDû˵ȥһ£תƻ˵һ¡
һԕDͻ˶ϾҪ顣
磬ֵͽԕD顣
£ǰʱûоһˣ
ԕDûзӦһãȻ˵Ҿһˣ
ûиһձ͸һǮӣ
ԕD顣
Ŷ£ҵʱһڴ̯ǰˮ͸ձָһǮӡ
£Ȼ˵Сӳ÷ǳƯڳ棬ǿǳÿÿСӡô˵뵽ľԕDϾԕDĳ̫ɫǼ˶ᱻ޵
ԕDô˵һȵʵʶǸ˰
£ǳء
ʲôأԕDˣļٵģؤһ˾Ȼʷ϶أ
ļ˵һ£˭ҪǮ볼Ц˵СӳüΪÿ뵽
ǻԵԕDﾪ̾ѵ÷һģû뵽Ȼء˵еơǰǣأġ
ǰû뵽ȻǰءЦ˵Ҳصҡ
ǲ꾩ǵ;гˣ
Ǯ͵ˡ
ԭˡ
ֻǮ͵ˣû¡ͼ˵£ؿ̫ѧѧԣʹ
ԕDͷ˵ã⼸գúϢɡ
⼸պúϢ
˵ص飬ͿʼԕDϿΡ
Σڷ뿪ǰԕDһױīֽأȥء
лл¡
أȺúϢϢٺúϰΡԕD˵ǰף̫ѧ
л̫ӵ£ˡ
ߡ
߷ͣԕDŲȥ
յԕDĶͱܻʺס
ۡ
ܻʺŶӵĶ䣺Ҫȥӣ
ȥˣȥˡԕDæģ݋Ҳȥˡ
ܻʺɿԕDĶ䣬ش˴Ķͷʮ꣬ﶼȥ
ԕD䣬һɵģȥˡ
붼롣ܻʺ˵ûг֮ǰﶼȥ
ԕDǳ˳˵֪ˡ
ܻʺ⣬ӵĶ䱻š죬۵ӵĶ䡣
ˣš


92 
պ, ʡԵĳɼ
ʡԳɼ֮ǰԕD֪ǵĳɼ
ʡԿ, ΪԼòãԼʡһûʲô̫İաȻԕDˣǿķǳá
ɼĵ죬Ǿȥ˹Ժſڵȴǵʱ򣬹Ժſڼˡ
ʡԿ, Ƕڽصȴɼ񣬳ɼҪˣǵøӽš
ȻԕD˵ĲİտʡԣһնûС˿, ǵǳ
ʱԕDȥ糯
糯ûʲô飬˳
ʱĿ˳ԕDͼææȥԺʱ򣬹ԺſһƬԕD뼷ȥȥ, ҲҲǡ
ԕDȥǼңڼǻ
䭺ӲûȥԺȳɼǷӷǳ, һܿ
ԕDˣǷǳӭ
ʱ, ʡԵĳɼŹ
ʱԽԽֳȴɼĿǵҲԽԽִٲ
ޡ˽ǣŶԷ, ˵ıֽڴЩء
˸һ, вΪ̫, һúѪɫ
ǽŵ, ð, Լ
ˣķǳ죬Ҫһ
һԺŴ򿪡
ڴŴ򿪵һ˲䣬ֳ˵һĶᵽɤ
ţĸ֣бһУȻŵʡԵĳɼ
ӽóʰڹԺſڵרϡ
ԺſһǽרƾٿԵĳɼ
ûʰ񣬾ͻص˹Ժ
ߺ󣬿һѷӿ£һεڰѰԼ֡
ڻʰҵԼֵĿʱϲõĻеشҿˣˣˣ
Ҳֱӿˡһ߿ޣһЦģʮֻǵϲ
ЩûڰҵԼֵĿģһһѰԼ֡ѰҺüûҵԼֱ֣ܣ˵ܿһŪˡ
в˼ԼûпУܲصĴֱӻ˹ȥ
ƾٿ¼ȡ˺ܶࡣֻ¼ȡˣʡֻ¼ȡһˣֻ¼ȡʮˡ
ʡûпеˣ껹ԲμӡûпеˣҪȵٿ
ǽԹɼʡԹɼ̬ܿܿıϡ
ıȽûվǰ棬վм䡣ǻûڻʰҵԼ֣ͱ˸ֵֿ֪˵һ͵ڶҪȽԿĺһ㣬˵
˵Լ˵һߵڶֵţֱԼʰ
ʰϵһ͵ڶǣֿ˵һ͵ڶ
ǽһһ߱һŻϲЦݡ
еѧӷ׷ףأֵص˷ǳࡣ
ԣǿ˵һ͵ڶʡԣֿ˵һ͵ڶôĽô˲ϲ
ǻûлؼңǿеһ͵ڶϢѾǵļ
רŵ˻ǰÿеѧӼ֪ͨǼ˿еĺϢ
ǿ˵һ͵ڶȻǵһ֪ͨ
Ǳǻ֪Ϣ
ȻǷ֪ܿУû뵽ֿ˵һ͵ڶ
ԕD֪ǵĳɼʵܲܿʡԵĵһ͵ڶ顣
ֵķǳãǵһ͵ڶǲٴ󳼾֮ǰڽϿ˵һ͵ڶʡϿһ͵ڶ᲻᲻̫á
Ǿò̫õԭܼ򵥣Ϊ̫ˡζеһ͵ڶǻ᲻̫
꣬ŷ޿ԵʱΪǰ̫Ϊ˴ѹ棬û״Ԫ
ĿĴǾԽвŻˣԽҪѹĥĥȥǵǡպ;̤̤ʵʵΪ͢¡
⼸꾩ǵǳ󣬳д󳼶ֵ֪ҲǵʫʣǵĲŻ͵ģҲмʵġ
ٴοеһ͵ڶĴ󳼣еΪǿǣвŻ̫⣬ҪѹһеǴ⼵ǣٴοеһ͵ڶ
Ϊ޳ɺͷԵĴ󳼸ռһ룬ŷҲ͸ڻ㱨飬
Ҳ̫вŻ̫ᣬοеһ͵ڶһǵεģ޳ɲٴοеһ͵ڶԕDôá
ԕDΪĺѣԾάǡÿƾٿӦùƽǼȻ˵һ͵ڶǾͲΪ̫ᣬ͹ǱõĳɼߣǺпڵϿ״ԪͰۡοԶ˵һ͵ڶһ̸ѻ
ЩӽԵԣһֱеһߵڶ˺١Ŀƾٿԣοеһ͵ڶˣһϲ£һʷ
ԕDô˵ںЩԵĴǾúеǾͬٴοеһ͵ڶ
ԕDҪʡʧȥһ͵ڶĳɼ
֪ԼĳɼǼææظϻؼҡ
Ǹյң䭺ԕDſڷ˱ڣףٴοеһ͵ڶ
ʡУܿһ͵ڶĲһ׵顣˵ŷ޺ͷǣڽԺʡϣǾûпһ
˵ȽԻˣԕDҲˡ
˲ٲ˻Ҫһò˸ף
ԕDҲٳԵģǴŷ޺ͷǵ˵ʫġ
ŵʱԕDһߺȾƣһ죬շǳϲ졣
ʵٴοеһ͵ڶ顣
ʵʲô飿
ǵĳɼĿ˵һ͵ڶǲٴǾ̫ᣬǿУǻ὾⡣
֪飬Ͼŷ޵꿼ԵʱҲѹˡ
˵ܲٴοеһ͵ڶҪֻҪоˡǵĻٴοеһ͵ڶǵȻˡҪûһ͵ڶҲѹ
ʵôðǿеһ͵ڶ
Ϊ̫Ӱ˵ˣ̫˵ΪͰǵĳɼԕD˵⻰ʱе飬˵ǺпڵϿ״ԪͰȵǸʱοԶ˵һ͵ڶʷϺټΪһļѻ
ⷬŵһھˮǺɤҵؿ
˺óһ˲ƽ
ۣǲ̫ӵ˵ܿ״ԪͰ۰
ԕDЦЦǰ
ۣǼˣҪٵûп״ԪͰۣô죿
һܿеģ
޲׸ΪʲôôġԼһĶûСУǶԼܲܿнʿûʲôġ
ۡЦҪǿУ̫ӵʧġ
ģǿУ̫ӵҲʲôԕD͸һ΢ЦУҪԼġ
ǣ
۶ѻ̫ӵ˵ˣֻƴϰȡ״ԪͰۡ
ΪԕDⷬǿʡԵĵһ͵ڶϲöʱûˡ˿ǵǳأҾѹǳ
ţԕDӲ˳ȥ档֮ǰ˵õģʡԾͺúһ


93 
ԕDʹʹ˴, 浽ʱŽ
硢ޣо仰˵ٹ¾Ҫԣʱ׾ҪˡԳɼһ, ̫Ҫ¶, ʱǾܼ
ǼԕDɫʮ࣬ͷһݣ, ʲôֱ˵
ԕD˿, ԥһ˵Ƿ, ǻ𣿡
⻰ʵɻ󣺡ۣʲô飿
Ҫ顣ԕDúܺ, İǵ, ϣΪʵһ, ʧȥѡǻ𣿡
ȷӦԕDЦЦ
, ʲô飬㶼ǵĺѣõܵܡӦ˵ɡŵʱ򣬸⺢ӾͲСı¶ݣ⺢ӾȻûв
޺͵ص˵ͷ, Զǵĺ, õܵܡ, ͰԕD׵ܵܿ
ô˵ԕD΢΢һ֪, ǻ᲻᲻Ҫˣ
̧ԕDļ, Ц˵, Զǵĺ, õܵܡ
𣿡
ͬ˵ģ
ԺҲܺԶ
ᡣ
˵㻰ԕDԼСĴָ
һЦã
ԕDˣһ
ԺҪǺ룬ǲǵġ
ԕD˵װͰ͵Ļֻǳɰ
Ǻ룬ǾС
ʱһƨɡ
ۣǲƨɵġ
˵ġ
˵ġ
ԕD³׷ˣϣ첻ᱻŵ
ۣǲᱻŵġ⺢ӻΪǲ֪ʵݰ
˵ǿɲС
ۣģǲ㡣
ԕD˵ôƶȻð뷨ȵǰһ죬ڴǿı顣
ô˵ҾͰˡ
ûסǰֱסԕDĺ󱳡
ۣԶǵĺѡ
ûһͱȻԕDޱס
״ְˣְԕD
ԕDǵ˱󣬾ȥ˲ܼҡ
Ǻʱعǲܵģֻȥܼҡ
£һ档
ŲܰЩأԕDͷɵһʲô飿
йصġ
ԕDһˣ
ڻûг£Ҫˡܰ˵ǰãˣټһٴνʱְȵǸʱһĳǵż
ʵʷϣڼǰ͸ʹˡΪʹŻᱻĳż
ԕD֮ǰĵᱻʹᱻĳ۸ԼǰʱҪΪʹˡԣ⼸໹֪ݡ
£֮ǰΪ˱ࡣԹټΪʹǵˣͲٴηˡܰԵٴηְẮġ
ԕDһε˵˹ӹְӦõġٷְֻ»Թ̫ӡ˵꣬΢΢̾˿˵ҾͲֹ١ʷϵĵ࣬ҲʹüŻᱻչ٣Ȼա
£費Ҫ˽Ӵ࣬ĳ
ԕD˼˵ãҪȵְԺ󡣡
ǡ
ೣڱ߾Գе鲻ô˽⣬ҲԳ͢ĹĶǲ˽⣬ظЩ飬һ佫Ҫְᱻĳżᱻĳѹݺ׼ԕDĵ̺һףȴûӡʷϵĵ࣬ҲԲŻᱻĳ۸ôҡ
·ģ˸˵ܰʵ£ҪҪ˵
ԕDĦ°˵˵ɣŻš˵꣬Ȼ뵽һ飬˵κпܻʹʱͻᱻ꾩Ҫκ佫
㣬Ӧú
յ꾩ʹ佫ǿ϶£һʱԻɵɵظ佫ᱻĳǸӼɵԕDʳָô棬Ϊε˵ʵ꾩һ£Ӧüر߾
˵ǣ꾩ֻᱻĳ۸ŪȨһ佫϶ĳǵĶ֡
ϲܰ˽£һõر߾һξǱ߾ػաļֵҲ꾩ǱȨǱĳϣһˣȻҶȲ
·ģĻϸظӦòǱĿġ
ϣɡѵýţԕDʧȥ
˵飬ԕDȥϢˡ
𴲣Ȼ󼱼ææظȥϳ
ϳ·ϣ˺Ͱǡ
ͺŷȥϳȥıȽ磬ԕDβûǡ
һǡ
ʲô飿
ڵģ糯ͨٴεһְġ
£ǲõְ𣿡
ԕDڰ֣⵹ǣְһᱻ꾩
¶ʵ£˼ǡ
ڱ߾˲ٹκпܻᱻΪʹ
Ͱ⻰˶ʮֳԾʹ
ţкܴĿܡԕD˵ɫõһ佫ΪʹҲ֪ζʲô
ͰȻ֪ͬʱҲԕD˼
еĴǾż佫һӱ߾佫ǳдǵĶ֡ԕDͺ˵ҪǱԲ¡ʷϵĵ࣬ǱΪ׵ĴǸ۸ġһĺӰ£ûж佫ѹ
·ģһᱣõཫ
ˣǿԺаͺڵߣԕDܰĵ㡣
ǣ¡
Ͱѳ͵ԕDһֱȥ˸
ڼˣ͸˵˵һ£˵βְֹ
õʲô
ʹĹͣΪʹΪʡʵǰھõΪʹǸʱԕDֹˡ
Ȼ꾩𣿡
ԣ㷴꾩˵Ϊʹ͸û꾩
ȹʱر߾ɡԕDһ˵Ӧڱ߾աһص꾩ǱĴ󺣡еĴڴʱ񵽵ĺࡣ
֪޲꾩ôϾ꾩Ҫػ
ô˵ԕDͷˡ
̧ԕDļȥϳˡ
á
糯һʼ˵˵ٴһ£ּΪʹ
ּһ£ǵȻԣǷûá
ǼڼΪʹڰѵӱ߾꾩Ϊʹڱ߾
ϵǻ󣬾ʹӦõ꾩
Ͱ˶Ա˴һۣڶԷп˾ȣû뵽ı̫ӵˡ
պԶڱ߾ĵյԼΪʹּ⣬ͬʱ꾩ּ⡣
꾩ǰܰȥ֮ǰԕD˵Ƿ˵ˡ


94 
ҽ, ̫ӵ²ϣ꾩ԲŻڼǰԹټΪʹܾ˵һص꾩, Ʊػᱻĳżѹ
ǰ, ܾǳϸظ˵˵꾩ǵľƺͳĹĶǡ˺˴˺ܾá
ȻԕD, 꾩еľһ㶼˽, ԳȨҲ˿˽⡣Ȼ˵ĳ佫ѹ, ûԸܹԲû̫һ¡˲ܾⷬ, ˾κ, þ޷ƽ
ҽ, ε꾩ķǳΣա
౻ܾⷬŵһڿˮǲԹʵأ
ҽҲûп, Ҳ֪ﲢûһ佫ЩһΪʹ佫ܾζ˵֪ζʲô𣿡
һãȻ˵ζʲô
һֻСȺ
ʲô౻ܾŵˣô𣿡
ҽ˵ıлҪ, ĳһֱѹ佫, ˵Щشѹ, һ佫ȥ꾩ǣȺ𣿡
ЩĳĺɹʿҪ𣿡಻̫ŲܾĻ
ĺɹʿײ, Щĳϲġܾ̾һ˵, ŪȨЩĳóİϷ, Щûһ佫Ҫְ, ЩĳֶΡ
̿ԣŪȨĲС
ҽûȥ꾩ǣһᱻõĳǴѹȻ̫ӵ²ô
⡭̾һ˵ʵҲȥ꾩ǣҲʲôʹֻرϰա
ȥ꾩һʱز˱ܾ˵ЩĳǲرġǲŪϣǲưոݵġ
Ūңһ㤡
ҽ˵䲻̫Ļǳң꾩ûκθܾ˵ߵڣЩĳǵжд̣һ
ԽԽ²⡭ܲȥ꾩𣿡ڵ꾩Ǿһѣȥˡ
ʥּ£ȥ꾩ǡܾһֲæοҽҲ̫£̫ӵ»ᰵб
̫ӵ±ңྪ£¶ԥɫܹӡ
ҽʲôֱ˵
̫ӵΪʲôҪңһ˵Ҳûм̫ӵ¡
Ϊ̫ӵºʶĲŻϣĳǻٵܾ˵Ȼ뵽һ黹ûи˵ˣ˸̫ӵ³ոʮݡ
⻰վһԾ˵̫ӵҪոʮ𣿡
ġܾôķӦ֪Ҳոʮݣû˵𣿡ԕDҪոʮһ£Ӧﴫˣôҽһ㶼û˵ӡ
ûУû˸˵°˻ȥĿƵضŲܾ̫ӵҪոʮݣ
ģܾһ˵ٹ̫꣬ӵ½Դոʮݣ̫ӵҪĽţԸ̫ӵȥոʮ𣿡
Ը⣬ȻԸ⣡ͷҷǳԸ⡣Щĺɹʿɧűÿζʮֲ̡Ǻ֮ǣһֱҪʰĺɹҲҪոʮݣǳ͢ûոʮݵ˼
Ӧ֪̫ӵΪʲôҪ˰ɡ
֪ˣ֪ˡЦݵ˵û뵽̫ӵ»ôҡ
һû˵ʵüǰ̫ӵ¾͸ǲܼҴкǰбĳѹҽҲ̫ӵµķԸܾٴǿ̫ӵ·ǳĳǻٵ
ⷬһƬȣͬʱǳж
Һεº̫ӵôң
вŻ
̫ӵôӣȻǷǳˡ
ܹӣ̫ӵ»ʲô𣿡
̫ӵ»˵ˣᾡرһֱ꾩ǡܾ˵̫ӵ˵Ľţػڱϰղܹϰȵӡ
౻˵ۿ΢΢죬û뵽δı̫ӵô˽
ܹӣȥ꾩ǣҸô
ô˵ܾ֪ڰĻ˽ȥ
ȥ꾩ǣҪκ佫ǲܼңҲ
ΪΣ
һЩ佫ĳǼɵʱĴ͸Σˡܾϸظ˵˵꾩佫Һĳ֮
Ȼܾ˵ķǳƽǵȴþĶǡû뵽꾩佫ĳ֮ĹϵôӣôĽš
ȥ꾩ǣԺͰкߵý̫ӵµĸ֧̫ӵոʮݡܾ
ȻԶڱ˵ͺ飬ǰ
֪ˡ
˰ͺҪκһĳǶġ
ͷҼסˡ
У̫ӵϲܺߵ̫ܾԵеĳǲ֪̫ӵҪոʮһ£Ҳ֪̫ӵ¿佫̫ӵºߵ̫ͻĳǵĻɡ
಻˽⳯еľƣǱ˲ܾ˵ô˵Ҳ˺ܶ顣
̫ӵ·ģҾκĳ佫ߵýҲߵýһᵱʲô֪
ˣܾһ
ǾͺáˣҪʲôҪæ԰ҲܼҰæ
Ҳƴǣһġ
ܾ룬Լû˵ʲô
ҽ̫ӵ½飬ȫ˵ˣҪмǡ
ܹӷģһǵġ˵žվǳʽܾ˸񣬡ллܹԶ֪Щ顣
ܾæַࣺҽˣҺܸܳΪոʮݵһԱ
ЦΪ佫ȻҪոʮݣĺɹٷΡ
˵仰̫ӵպһ
Ҳ̫ӵ
˵£ͺ
ںȾƵʱ򣬲ָܾ˵˲꾩ǵ顣
̫ӵ¸Ȥòܾ˵˵ԕD顣
ܾ͸˵˲ԕD飬õĿɿڴû뵽ˮ͹ū̫ӵ
̫ӵ´ϻ۹ˣЩһֱоĺɹȵպ̫ӵһܴǳɹոʮݡᵽԕDܾʮݡ
û뵽׵̫ӵôԕD˾ͳݵ֮ǰȥ꾩ǣں޲Ͼ͵꾩Ǽ̫ӵ¡
գ뿪˱̤ȥ꾩ǵ·;ֵܾ𣬻һ·꾩ǡ
ڲܾص꾩֮ǰ͵̸дص꾩ǡ
պ󣬲ܼյţɲתԕD
ԕD֪˵ݺݵһµǸçڿ໹Щӵġ
£ӦöԵ˰ɡ
ҪԕDЦֻҪԹһ꾩ʱܺúõġ
Ӧû
ܱסˡԕDǳˣϾֵõһԱͽ
ڱġɹ֣Ľʿһ˽⡣ټϣǳнţԕDķǳҪİ
꣬Ҿرĳǰѵ꾩ǡ
Ҫǳʱ䲻رǱǱ߲ᰲУ꾩ֽ̫ԣĵ꾩Ǵˣᱻٻ˫ۣʧȥѪԺͶ־


95 
ӱ꾩, ӱ޵Ļһ¾͵ˡಢǻؾְ, ҲǱŻ꾩ǣôż꾩ǡ
Ҳп, õ಻ҹ·꾩, ߱Ϣ
ȻټҶô˵, üŸȥ꾩ǡ
󳼶ڵȵ꾩ǡΪʹ佫, ǿǷǳʺͼɵ
໹ûеǾѾǰôԸ
ԕDȻ֪ĳǵС˼, ֻװ֪顣
иҪҪǾǵԡ
³ʽʼ, Իһʱա
һǰ, вѧӴظϵ꾩ǡ
ͨʡԵˣȻҪ꾩ǲμӵԡ
꾩ǽ֡
꾩ǵĽ, ܿŸѧ, ˵Ÿֵطԡ
ʱ, ԕD̵ظܵγĻϢ
ʷ, γĻ;ΪʢģҲΪġ
ǿƾٿһοԣҲǿƾٿҪһοԣܲܳΪ, ܹܲҫ, ܷܲɻڴͿˡ
ʡԽ, 꾩Ǿͽ״̬ϾĺҪ꾩ǲμӵԡΪػ꾩ǵİȫǿѲ
ԽЩнӪʿʱǳæµÿ춼ҪæѲ顣
꾩ǳ˱÷ǳ֣ͬʱҲǳš
ԕDڽֵϣԵظоŵĽա
̫ѧΪţѧǶͷϰΣսԡ
֮ǰԕD˵̫ӵºܿǣܿ״ԪͰۣǷǳѹΪ˲̫ӵʧ⼸ÿ춼ƴض鸴ϰ
ԕDóԵĻ߲Ʒȥǡ
գ壬ԕD˳ǣ
˿̣ڷ¥ߺȲ裬߿
һʱ䲻ôоˣԕD˿ǣǵɫҲ̫ãʱǲǾҹ鰡
Ц鿴ſžʱ䣬ȻعѾʱˡ
ЩЦǲǹⰾҹġ
û˵һֱڵͷǵĻ
㱸սԵ飬Ҫһֱҹ鸴ϰǵӻԲģʱҪڵϻ赹߲ô죿ԕDĵȰ˵ڸϰʱǧҪչ˺Լӡ
ǳĬ
ԕDΪε̾˿ÿһεĵԶѧӻ赹߲һ١˵꣬˵ɹֻʣһ֮ңڵϳ£ǹһȻٲμӵ𣿡
ǱԕDⷬ˵¶ǡ
У巵ʱǻټҺʹǣѵùټҿƣģ𣿡
Ҳû˵롣
ǾͺúϢõ״̬ȥμӵԡȻֻһ죬ǵ巵￼ʱںͳ͢Ǽ࿼ѧǽٷǳѹ״̬ãѧǳܲѹεС£пܡǲҪԼӿЦ
ǾԕD˵ķǳԣΪʱ䰾ҹǲԵġ
ۣǴˣǲٰҹˡ
ãͷԲŻѣԵʱŲԕDָָǰҹ鵽ԣôԵʱΪûϢãӻǿõԵġ
ǱԕDⷬ˵ˣҲҹѧϰˡ
ǰĻ˽ȥԕDһողǣĻᷢ˵
õԻûпʼʱץϢɡ
ͷģǻúϢġ
ԕDΪεǣҴ󣬽ȴʮСһֱǡ
ۣǸΪǵˡ
ԕDôĺ͵ģǳж
֪ͺáԕD͸һԼᡣ
ԕDࡣ
ллۡ
ԕDػӵ޵֣ԼС
ҵ
ԕDô˵Ǹˡ
۵СúÿַǳǳǣҲ֪۲ϲÿֻܳ䲻ൽ󵽡
ʱ¥´
ԭѧӣʫȲʡ
ЩѧӣһĴй䣬߲μӸֻŪԼĲŻԼһͻᱻĳͣټҵע⣬ԵʱǾкܴĿܿС
ȻҲһڿѧϰսԡ
ˣ˵вֵΪ꾩Ĳӡ
⻰⡣
ǴԼǲӡҪ֮ȥ
ǲ⣬ǿǷǳںԕDؿһǣһ˵ֻҪӮǣܳΪ꾩ĲӣǾܱĿ
ɻ󲻽ʵΪʲôҪĿ
ԕD˵Ȼ뱻ĳʶǿԵʱкܴĿܿС
ҲУǻ˶Ƿˮ
ȻᣬҪǱĳ󳼿Уǿк;˿ɽԺ;ͻ˳ܶࡣԕDЦЦ˵ʱá
һ̵ܽı飺ԭˡ
ΪвԳд󳼶ʶǡԕD˫ֽ棬°˵˵бס
бף
Ǳܹעб׾ǻᱻ˼ʣԺ;ᱻʹӡԕDĵ˵ǻἵʸвŻˣҲ±вŻȡ
ԕD˼ɫŨ
²£
ҡҡͷ˵¡ʵֵСڸĽ͸ּг󡣱ʹӣֵܴС;١
¾ͺáǽ˹ٳʹӻС£ݺǳ¡ᣬΪ̫ˡЩҪȡǲ֮˿ɲ׷ŹǣǣǺǱ
ôǣǶǱġ˵ǲںЩֻúøϰ
ͷڹҲν𣿡
ν
ǻ˵ĻǵԕDʳָô棬ڿǰǵҪǻˣ˵һ¡
⻰΢΢üͷۣ˼ǺǱȣ
ҪȵģǲȡԕD֣Ǵ˹ԕDǶС˵һ
󣬳ԾؿԕD
ۣû뵽ô
ԕDһ޹ﻵˣôá
û뵽ۻ軵һ棬һǳɰ
ԕDڷ¥žͻعˡ绹Ҫ飬һֱڹ⡣ߣҪϢ
˼գԕD²Ȼ
ѧӣȻǱʫʡ
ǾܾǣǲģͿʼǣ˵˲ĻǡƲѡͬǱʫʡ


96 
ֵͷѩǵĶʫ, 꾩˲С䶯д󳼶֪飬Ͼֵ꾩Ƿǳ
ʫĵصڷ¥, ΧǶʫ
ԕD̫Ҳǳ棬˳ȥ˷¥
ʫʱٰ, ܶ˷¥ԕDǵʱ, ¥վ, ҺǰԤλ, ȻԕD¥ȥ
ԪڡڡڵʫᣬѧƽʱҲϲ춷ʫᡣ, Ǿٰ춷ʫΪд裬Ϊ˽ΪӮǣѩǾٰĶʫΪ˶ȡǵĲ֮
꾩ǵѧǶ۵¥, ҪĿǵĶʫᡣ
ԕDǳ, ǲ䡣
ѩɲ֪ʲôֶΣ˺ܶѧӡЩѧǵַ֧ѩɣΪѩɼʹ
ԕDվ¥, һ߳űǺ«, һζؿ¥ݵϷ롣
˵Ǻ«, ǰԕDŪ˳Ǻ«һŪ, 꾩ʮܻӭڣ꾩ǵĴСﶼǺ«
ҲڳԱǺ«£ѩɻǷⰡ
ȷǷ⡣ѩɳǳװԕDֱۡ, Խ, Խ򡣡
ΪȻصͷѩӮǡ
¥, ѩɻʵظǿشк˵ʲô
ɲǳصģʷһھ˵ֵæűսԺæûʱμӺͷѩɵĶʫᡣ˵ֵ֮ѩôҪֵ˫͸ǡ
⻰˵ķǳҲ˵ķǳϿңǶԷѩ˵ǳ衣
˵ʫΪд裬Ϊ˻ཻȡġԭμӶʫᣬǷѩ̫ǲòμӡǿĵĶʫᣬֵٲμӡһΡ
ѩɱⷬɫˣе㺭ûзƢ
ʫʽʼǼڡ
ǰҲûжˡǰдйڵʫʣǰڡ
ѩûκγɣдһƪʫʡ˼һдʫʡ
дú󣬴ҿ
ѩ˸ʫʵĺû˵㡣˵ѩɵʫдĺã˲Ϲӡ
ȻѩɺвŻǸȾͲˡ
޵ʫʳǷѩԶȲϵġ
ѩɿдʫʺ㲻ҲóԼдʫʱȲдġ
Ҫڱһһûκƣⷢдֵûκ
ѩɰдõʫ˳Ƚʵֱֳʫûκ⣬ѩٴˡ
дõʫҲȲдģǲࡣ
ʵǶʫ֮ǰѩжǵʫʣﲻǱдĺãǰ˫֮ǰдʫʣһдģ˴дġĿ˫ֳдʫʣٻ˫֮ǰдʫǱ˴дġ
ٴˣѩɻǲģǱһһ˫ա
ѩķڷĶƷ˺֣ص˫ǵǸ
ǼѩɵǸطǳг⣬Ҳûټƽ顣
εĶʫᣬ˫յٴδǡ
ۿѧǣμӵԵѧǳױ˫յĲŻˡ
ѧǸѩһ˫յĲǱģʵϡǣͨղŵĶʫᣬǷ˫вŻǵĲŻǳߣǱȲϵġ
ʫǰֵٴǿҪúϰսԡڿǰǲٲμκλҲڳ˲ҪٱǲμӶʫᡣ
˷ѩɣҲǱʫʡⷬﻹ˫ձʫʡߣǳּʶǵĲŻԲս
ּĶʫôˡں֮ܶС
μ궷ʫᣬֵͻؼˡ
ԕDŲ׷ȥףӮöʫᡣ
ۣĲǶʫ˰ɣЩŵʵ
ˡԕDЦǸղڶʫչֳĲŻݺݵ𺳵ˣǲ붪Ļǲǡ
ﳤһǾ̫ˡĵĶʫᣬĲٲμӡ
ܺúõظϰսԡԕḐǵļͻȻ뵽ʲôʳָָ˵мǲҪҹ飬עӡ
ǣһǡ
ϾҪˣԕD֪Ǿ壬ҲǴڼ顣
ҾͲȥˡ
ۣ㲻ǻȥ𣿡
ǻؼҪѧϰĶҾͲȥˡԕD˵ǿԣȥǼҡ
˵⻰ԕDɫò
ãȿԣǺúõһ
ʱһúõظף˵ԣԕD鲻ɵص֮ǰӦҵģǣǲҵҲԶģûǰɣ
ûСۻΪ²οģԶҲ롣
޺һصͷ
ٴô˵ԕD΢Щ
Ҿͷˡ˵꣬ǻ˻֣ˣǺúøϰ
߲͡
ǷֱԕDͻصˡ
ڶʫǰһ飬ǾԕDء
ؿ̫ѧѧԺ󣬾ͱʹȥԕDȻڹ棬ּ̫档
ԕDصʱǼϾּϺʷ϶ʱǸСᣬΪʷϵĴлš
ھһǸС
ԕDʱȫûδе󣬷ǳļ˵
ԕDóһƽ
΢侲󣬾һֱԕDлл֮ǰڽϰҰӻԕD
ԕDûоӣػ֪ˣػһֱ顣
Ȼؼ̫ӵ°º󣬱鶼ˡ
ԕDĵѯص
ؼ̫ӵôʮָжԕD˵˺ܶࡣ
һԕDѾʫˡ
ظԕDһ˷ˣͿʼܲ˵˵
ԕDû˵ʱʱӦ
û뵽̫ӵ¶Ǹ˷ܵغԕD
ǷʹϣعҪԕDĵڡ
ٷֱʱԕDأ̫ѧúö顣ֹˣ͸һֵ̫ĻԱֵ̫鼮
رʾһúö飬Ҳ࿴飬Ṽ̫ӵ¶


97 
ԽԽ, ԵҲԽԽ
³һǿԵӡڿǰ䭷ȥ·󸣡
ʱ䣬µǳʢ, Ϊǰݵ˷ǳࡣЩ˻ѧӺѧǵļˡ
ȻΪ˵, ϣڵϿС
󸣻Ǻ, ȻҲôݡ
ڿǰ, ԕDһȥ¡
Щÿ¶ȥѧϰʵͰµķѧ, һֱѧķǳ
վʦ˵ԕDл۸ǻ̫, һܺɮˡ
ԕDԼҲô, û뵽Լôз
Ȼѧ, ԕDǼվʦѧϰ
ӽںͲܻʺڽԕD, ǽ̵ĵվʦ̵, ԵǳԶˡ
վʦǳ, ȴǳںͲܻʺǻ˽͸
˵, ԕDվʦѧĶʱ, ҽȤ, ͸վʦѧϰҽ
վʦҽǳ, µɮ˲ˣκõġ
ʱ䣬̫, ԕDҲ÷ǳæµ
˿, ڴ۱Ϊǩͽǩ
ԕDóǩ, һķǳ׼ˣǳǩָԕDǩ
󲿷ֵ꾩ǵ˶֪һǩķǳ׼ȷĸСʦ
ԕDǩֻʱǰ⣬ʱͲˡңǩˡʹÿ컹кܶǩ
ʮһ죬ո䭷ʹ
ϵ󸣣Ȼֳǩ
ԕDǩ٩û뵽һһΪǽǩ
Ц鷳ʦˡ
ԕDϵЦݣһ˲÷ǳλʩСɮǩˣȷҪСɮǩ𣿡ԕDǩҪһһǩ
ȷ鷳ʦˡ
ԕD֣ǩСɮ
Ƚǩûƴǣղų鵽ǩݸԕD
ԕD˿ǩģ΢΢ЦЦʩ³ɵġ
̫ţ𣿸ۣ㲻ǡѵķϣô˵İɡ
ԕDװõ˵λʩСɮ𣿡
ԕDˣһæ˵ûûûУллʦǩ˵꣬ͰһӷŽ˹
ǩԕD˿󣬶˵뵽Ӧҩ컨޹ʫȡƳġĪٽ״Ԫʡ
ȻʫҲ֪ʲô˼󣬾õԲ˫ۣһŵı顣
⡭⡭
ҲһԾĻ
ԕD˫ֺʮ˵ʩϲ㡣
һڿˮ˵ۣ𣿡
ʩҲ𣿡
ҲҲңллʦ˵꣬ԹԵ˵һߡ
ޣԕDǩĺֻ˵һ֣ۡ
ۣ£ʲô˼һǳԾ
ԕDǸʷжǿ״Ԫۣ߰˾ǩϿġ
ԕD˵ЩʲôǺ滹ԕDǩֻȳȥʱԕD
ǩ˿ûôǳǩʲôǩ
ʱһԕD뿪˴۱ص᷿
᷿
ۣղŸǽǩ𣿡
ңԕDߺߵ˵ҿǩˣ֪ÿжŶҽǩ𣿡
ֺõضԕDЦЦǲǲ㣬Ϊ죬ԲŻ˵ǶеĻ
һͷ
ģǸǩĽǩģΪ˵οԕDһ˵ǲҪ㻳ҵ
ԕDô˵ֱˣֻǵɫһ˷ܣһϲãһ˼顭֮ǳʡ
һɵֵӣԕDǸ˹ȣúÿԾˡ
ǩģǲĻ顣ԕDָָ˵ǲúÿԣ϶ģϵɵЦ
һ⻰ϵЦ˲佩סûһǵɫ
ǩĲܴˣջǺúÿ԰ɡ
˵öԡǸղΪ̫ˣΡ
ԕDվӹóһУҡóңһݸǡ
ҸĻտԵʱǵôϡ
ۣллͰԕD͸ǵҴϡ
ܱƽƽԣǲᱣǿСԕDһ˵ҪԼʵǿ汣ӣ𣿡
˷ǳɵصͷף
ףǿУԕD˼͵ƣܿУ
㼪ԣ
ŲŻȥ
ǰԕD첻Ҫٶѧϰһú÷ɣúϢ˯˯˲ܿõԡԕDǰ͸ǵҷͷߣǽ˯һþ
ԕDҵʱ򣬻˰ҩݣǰ
ԕD͵ҵĸڵԵǰһ˯÷ǳá
Ե죬ǵľǳáˬݣΪʲ
컹ûǾţȻ󼱼ææȥ
Ǹϵſڵʱ򣬹Żûд򿪡вѧڹſڵȴ
ûһǾͿ½½صִ﹬ſڡ
ŷ޿ǣû߹ȥǣԶԶضЦЦ
Ϊ٣ڿǰӽǣȻΪ˽ס
յĹ裬ǽŵ˺ܶࡣ
îʱŴ򿪡
˽ȥ
ȴ߽ȥһٸѧӽ
Щѧ߽̲סĴ
Ȼ컹ûг״ǹеĵƻȴ硣
Щѧǵһνʹ𺳵ˣǴĵη壬г羴
һٸѧ巵ſڡԻûпѧʱܽ巵
ѧǴ˿̵ǳţв˰һЩȫ΢΢Щ˫ȷЩŶӣЩ˻һ򼱵ı顣
ûһ巵ĴŴ򿪣ѧǽ
ѧ߽巵󣬷ָղڹſڼĴ档
̴£һһҵԼλӣȻ
巵ǳƽʱġ
ֹһ˽
ѧ
ڶѧ˵һĻŵʽʼ
ԕDŵǣûиһ巵
õȿ˿⡣ȿ漸ʱǲɵסˡ
ԕDĵһ⣺ıʲô˼ڶ⣺Ҫô졣⣺Ҫһʲôĳӡ
һйصĿ֪ĳǿ϶ԣԾûˡ
Ϊԣ糯ԕDΥ˯˸һ˯ʱѡ
ҪʱŽϢһʱ䣬ǲ巵
ԕDţȥ巵˿
ſſڣĵ̽Դ巵￴ڷܱʼؿԣͷˣ뿪ˡ
£ǿԣȥǡ
ǿԣһƣ֣ҪǳǵǰĻŻȥʹˡԕD˵ǵȴ͵죬Ǿϲɡ
£ȷǾϲǾ𣿡
С
Կʮṫɼ


98 
Գɼǰһ, ԕDȥǣٴθȷ֮ǰ飬ϾҪˡ
ǼԕDһٶǻ᲻ΪǾ, Զûκβͷ, ෴ǳĵظ, ܷʲô, ǶҪġ
ԕDô˵ﲢûз, ෴ǳš
˵İ, ֪Ϊʲôǳš
ģǲԕDΪʲô⡣, ԕDô, ۡĲᣡԶᣡ
ϣ쿴ҵʱ򲻻
ΪʲôͷʺţԕD仰ʲô˼
ԕDؿһ, Ǿ֪ˡ, ǰ, ̫ӱڳ˵һֱŰ, Ҳʱ֪ʵݡ, ϣҵʱ򲻻ᱻŵ
ŵãȻ, , Ҫʲôǣ
죬Ǿ֪ˡԕḐļ˵ϣҵʱ, Ǿϲ, Ǿš, ӦǾŹһЩ
޹ڳֵɫԕD˫ֱ״̬ۣҪʲô
ԕD⸱ʵġ¡ģŪÿЦãܶʲô
϶Ҫ¡
죬Ǿ֪ˡԕD˵Ҳ˵ס˵Ļ
ۣҪǰŻˣǿǻƨɵŶЦһ⡣
ðҵŰͿҲҴҵƨɡһ£Ͳ˵ˣ
ӵľԕD
ԕD뿪ʵۣôˣ
˵һҪ׽Ūǡ
ͷ޳ɵ˵пܡ
ǣҿۺɫ˼˵ƸζǵĶ
Ц̫ˣһҪ򸣻۵ƨɡ˵꣬ٺٵػЦ
޺˼ҲŲЦ
磬˵ŪʲôĶ簡֮ǰ۶һЩ磬ء
۲̫ӵµıô˵ڹŻǡ²˵۴̫ӵǡ˵뵽һֿԣɫþ֮ǰ̫ӵ˵ܿ״Ԫ˵ûп״Ԫۣ̫߰ӵҪǡ
⻰ŵɫ䡣⻰˵÷ǳԡ
ѹָһֱ
ҲŵˣҲ˵Ҫ̫ӵ𣿡
ԽԽöԣȻһʧ˵ûп״ԪͰۡ
ﲢǺʧ״ԪͰ۲ҪֻҪǿоˡһʼ޾Ͳܿ״ԪͰۡ
ͷ˵ûֻҪǿ˾ˡ
̾һ˵Ҳ֪ܲܿС
޿ıȽϿ磬ûпУٿˡ˵꣬˵һβμӵԵ˺ѿУһ㶼ǲμӺüβܿСûпУ֡˵ʵҪǿˣǲ֡
޵뷨һûУ´ٿ´һܿС
޺ô˵еʧʱʧˡ
˵öԣҪûпҲûʲô
ԣ޺û֮ǰôšʱ䣬ǵȺԵĳɼҲǳƽ֮ǰϰ¡
˵ûпнʿǺܿϧǻᣬٿûҪ֮ǰ²
󣬾ͻصԵѧü顣
Խ˾ͻص̫ѧ顣ֹǣ̫ѧѧҲˡ
֮ǰĽԺʡҲ̫ѧѧϰ
죬ԵĳɼҪǣ컹Ǻһ飬ҲԵĳɼ
ǶԵԵĳɼǺ⣬ѧӴҲǡΪ֪ǿеԵĿԲǺܴûб̫ϣ
еԲˣΪ̫ѧѧӿԺʡԾ̫ˡߣеҲûʲôϵֻҪʡԣҲ;ġ
γʡԣеʱڵԡֻҪԳΪˣܵ١ȻһʼְСպٵġʡԵҲ
ԣûпУһ˻ѡ;һ˻ѡٲμӵԡҲ˵Զܵ١
Ȼкܶ뿼״Ԫҫ档
Ȼܶ˶ԼеԲô⣬ǵȵڶʱǵ黹ǲؽ
Գɼĵ죬һٸѧҪٴν
ʵԳɼһǳ֣еǰ͡
һ컹ûһǾˣȻ󼱼ææظȥſڡ
ǸϵʱвѧӺʹǶڹſڵȺš
îʱŴ򿪣ǴȽ롣εȴǽѧûиŽȥҪڹſڵȺּ⡣
ȥ糯
յ糯ԕD̫ڳġ
һС糯ھǰ͡
ʱ̴һٸѧӽ˹ſڵĹ㳡
ѧǷſкܶһǳ࣬˿ͷɵһ
˿̣ѧӵĶסˣǻּѵȴŴ͡
ûǾõȣܿйԱˣ񲿵ĹԱ
ѧǸϽ񲿹Ա˸
ţ񲿹Աʼɼ
εֻ¼ȡʮˣǲʮ˵ĳɼǰʮĳɼ
񲿹ԱǴӵڶʮʼֵѧӣǴסˣ¶ϲɫٽžͿˡҲ֪ڵǰʧֿ̬Ц
汻ֵѧӸһķӦǿЦʮֻǵϲá
ǵʡԵĳɼһԼû뵽ԼῼУӦû뵽ֿ˵ɼǷǳ⡣
Ѿǻû޵֡
֮ǰ˵ںޣʱ÷ǳ졣ֹˣĲ֪ʲôʱ򱻺ʪ|ˡ
ܵǿʱΪִ̫ٲһ÷ǳ԰ס
̽Ӧ츮ѧԺѧӡ
ǡ
һ̣һᵽɤоһҪɤĳȥ
ޡ
Լһ˲䣬޸оȫһӱ÷ǳĴҲһƬհס
ֱ籧ڻŷӦ֪Լ˰ۡ
ûеϲ״Ԫ
ֱֵɵˣûзӦ
ȵǰͽߵǵǰǸȥ״ԪͰ۷ʮѧӣҪϽʿ
κر̴ˡǷӦʱѾ״ԪͰ۷
ѧǻ·ٴαſڡ
ʱ̻ïʵ
ïʵ˸񣺡Сǹټߵïʵ
һǹټߵ̣æ˸񣺡
״Ԫۡ̽ˡïʵ˵λҪټҺ̫ӵ£ڽȥ֮ǰСҪ˵˵ǡ
̵
ïʵϸظ˵˵ںԕDҪе
ǼǺúïʵŴǽ˴
˵ͷ۾ŵ˽
߽һɲǣǸоŨŨϣ˫ȷҪ
ǵȷҪ񣬱Ͼǵһʥ
μټңμ̫ӵ¡
ͷϴһº͵ɡ
ǽŵ˺ܶࡣ
ͷ̧޿
˹ɵ̧ͷΪ棬ïʵĽȻֱڵ
״Ԫۡ̽вŻһ˲ţǸˡ
ټô佱ǻϲ
ɫͰ
ǼټôУزٺ£÷
ˣ̫ӣ״Ԫʶɣ
ԕD仰ܲТ͸һۡ
̫ˡ
⻰кɻ̫ӵʶǣ
ǶŷѧȻʶ
ȵȣôô죬
̲ס棬תͷࡣ
ǿһǳϤס
ͬľۣ


99 
ԕD߳, ߵǵǰǻ˻֣ң
ޣ
Ϊʲôۻǵǰ
Ϊʲôۻڴ
Ŷˣ̫ӵµı, ڴ֡
ָ
̫ӵµıôڳ֮ϡ
ȵȣô̫ӵµĳ
ۡ
һƬңȫ֪ǰǸʲô
ĿɿڴؿŸۣûκηӦ
ԕD⸱ģ, һҲ⣬֮С, ʹˣ⸱ģǾúܿɰ
̫ӵ»񡣡һԵĴ󳼼ǰ첻, ̲סѵǡ
ôһѵ⣬һ, ǵı黹ǷǳԾ
̫ӵ£̫ӵ𣿡ѵǿˣվǰ˲Ǹ, ̫ӵ£
һԵĴ󳼻˵ʲôԕDһֹ
ԕD͸һϤֲõЦݣٰŶ˵, յǵǰʮǷ˵, ϲⲻ⣿
ϤǷЦ, һ˲ȷǰǸۣȻǳ׾ˡ
㡭㡭㡭Ϊܵǰδеĳ, һĻ˵
ԕD޵ļ, ΪϤ˵, ϲǿ״Ԫаۡ˵꣬ʹһ˵Ҿ˵̫ӵºܿǣҲǳǣǹȻû̫ӵʧ
ޣǰǸۣ̫ӵ£ǸˣǱ˸ˣ
ô̫ӵ£
ôܣ
ǵڻţ±Ƶı顣
̫ӣ޵״ԪɺͰŻˡڹ۶ӣָ˵ˡ
ԕDһ޹ҿûС
ˣ㲻ҪˡڶԕD˻֣˻صУ״Ԫɡɡ̽ɣ׼һ£Ҫνˡ
һ͵˵ǣټҡ
ţԺïʵȥȻԺʼν֡
νǽеģԕDġ
ڿ֮ǰ͢˽Ե״Ԫۡ̽ν֡
һ磬꾩ϰɵԣεص״Ԫɡʡ̽ɳ֡
һ죬رŮӿͷ¶سɵԺ;¥ϡ
ʱŮǣţǴֹеŮӶʢװ磬Ϊľ״Ԫǵע
״Ԫǻרŵ̡ӹſڿʼС
󣬻ʮʿ
Ϊ״ԪɣȻǰ档
һɫ״Ԫ۵ƽʱӿʱ鲢ϲãͲ⡣
Ӵֵܶ˻ھ޴ĳԾУڻûлع
̫ӵ£
Ϊʲô̫ӵ£
̫ӵôǸۣ
⵽ô£
޻겻ϣȫǸղڴϼԕDΡ
ֱﵽɵϣԵİǵĻѣŻع
ţʻ־ңˮǡ
ǵעܿͱתˣ״ԪͰ۵ϲûˣʱ˸ղŵ顣
νֵʱԕDææӹ˳Ȼֵ̫Ķ¥Ͽν֡
״Ԫۡ̽ν֣ȷĴ򿪷ʽ
̫ѧѧҲԣĿǷĻ棬Ѫڡһ̣¶Ҫ״Ԫۡ̽
ŵ˵νһʱ̣ҲһΪļ䡣
νҪɵꡣΪνֵٶȺѹʱ
֣ǾܻصԼļңܼǵףء
ȵϣǻٴνμӹΪǾٰ¹硣
ԕDûȥǵļҡҪʱǿ϶ͼǷϲãͲȥˡ
ǿν֣ԕDͻعˣܻʺ˵˵νֵʢ
ܻʺ˺󣬷ǳĽͬʱҲȥ
ԕDָܻʺ˵˵ڴǵѲܻʺ˵Цͣ
ͻɣȵ죬״ԪǻعҪ˵ġ
ԕD޿ֵ˵֮ǰӦҲҵҵС
ܻʺ˵ͲǸԶ
⻰ԕDϵЦ˲佩סˣĵ̾˿Զ϶⣬ǲǰңϾѾ֪ǻ̫ӡʵλߵıΡͱѣΪݵĹϵ˾ѣҲҡҶҪ󲻸ߣǰһˡ
ܻʺ˵⻰۶ӡǣû˰ο
һ붼ûУԺֻǾ
ԕD⻰˵ˣܲТص݋һۡ
݋ݣͲܰο𣿡
ο㲢ܸıʲôܻʺӵԴ˵ǵעǾǻһľЩ
ԕD˵һЩ͹ˡ
ʵ㻹ǵġ
һֱʲô˼ԕDҲʱҪǣֻҪ̫ӣһҪǵģھ֪
Լھͺá
ҲڣϣҲҪڡԕDվ˵ȻضϢˣϾϵ¹Ҫ򡣡¹磬ֻȥ¶һ棬ȻʣµͽԕD̫ˡ
ܻʺͷȥϢɡ
ԕDص˯һʱ˯Ѻѽ쿴Ŀνֻ
ΪǴϲӣȻԕDģ첻ö顣
һ¹Ҫʼûлá
ʱĿ̣巵ٰ¹硣
ǿнʿʮѧͽ巵
ǰá
¹绹ûпʼȺѧӣûˡ
ҪһЩŵҪʱĿ̲ų֡
ùټҺʹûеѧǻ̸
״Ԫۡ̽ȻֺðͽĶ
Цˡ
һǵˡ
һӳΪʿֺõĶ
ǣʿǺܿ췢ֲٴ˵
ԭֵֺ֪̫ӵʶҹϵǵȻϵ
Ǻ̫ӵʲôϵʱڴ飬Ȼ־ˡ
νֺ̫ˣʱѸ̫ӵһ¸ˡ
ް˵ˣȻһˡ
ôܣţǲƭҰɣ
Ҳƭ㣬ʵһ𾪵˵ҵڶŸ̫ӵ¡
۲̫ӵµıô̫ӵˣ
Ͼûо飬Ȼдһǲǳʧȥǡϸ룬ֵǰһֱ˵Ļǣʵݡ
̫ӵ£롭ķ˵˵
˺󣬾úе
븣ۺ̫ӵһ󡣡
ǡ
Ǹԭ 
ѹָ֮ǰһֱǻ᲻
Ҳ˵˽ŵǣû뵽һ
̫ӵӦø߸ϣôǵƤֿɰĸۣ
˵Ӧûһ͡곤ģҲ侲ġǼȻӦ۲ǾҪ˵
޺ȻЦǾҲ
Ƴһޣɫʮ˵ޣҪ⻰ѹġ
ҸոտЦģǸ˼æ͵
֮ǰôԶǲʧȥǳ˵ǲ˸۵ģҲʧ
ͷ˵˵ǣ۶˵ǸۡȻڳϣ̫ӵ¡ô˵Īز


100 
ʱĿ, ¹ʽʼ
ʱڴԕD¹ϡ
Ǻ½ĽʿǷ׷ںԕD񣺡ټң̫ӵ¡
ɡ
лټ, л̫ӵ¡
̧ʾ⣬ôǺ½Ľʿ
ţڿʼǹϲλѧӿнʿżǺúΪ͢Ч, 츣ա
˵껰վƱ
Ǻ½Ľʿæվơ
ڸǺ½ĽʿǺƾ뿪, ʣµľͽԕDˡ
ԕDԲƣȾ½ʿǣϲǳΪ̫, Ҳϲ;ԕD͸½Ľʿ
ʿǼ̫ӵ׺, ûʲôӣط
һǾͷ̫ӵ¿ǵĿ, Ҷдʫʺ·ǳ˽⡣
еʮʿǵĿ, ԕDˣҿķǳ, Ҳдĺõʫʻ¶
½Ľʿ̫ӵ¿ʫдĺãдĺ, Ȼˣͬʱַǳж, Լ̫ӵ¿ˡ
˿ԕDʿ˵Ц, ЩССĳԴ, ǸǳԾΪĸۣʶģǸеǳİ
ԕDд½ĽʿǣΪľ½ĽʿϲԕD̫ӣԺΪԕD
ԕDʿһˡ
ôϲⲻ⣿ǰԕDûиղŵġ̫ӷϤĸۡ
ǰϤĵƤĸۣǵﲻһ
Ǿţòãܡ治ضԕDһۣڴϣǰŵòᡣ֪ԕDϣǺԶԺ˵Ǹǰһ
ͷǲŵû˹ȥ
ǻǺǰһ˵ԕDĵһ͸
֮ǰ͸˵ˣǽܿң˵ᱻŵԕD˵ţڳһ޹ı飬ûƭǰɡ
ǱԕD⻰˵ÿЦãһֱΪ̫ӵ±ܣû뵽ȴ̫ӵ±ˡ
˵Ϊ̹̫ӵµıܵݡ
΢΢ԹۣӦ˵ġ˵ָ꣬ԕDǽڴͲɵˡ
û˵ȴͷ޳ܵܵĻ
ʵһֱ֪ô˵ҵݡԕDЩǸ˵⼸һֱûи˵ҵʵݣһŵǣǻԶҡԭҲǽ֪ҵݣһӣдϲӣ֪ҵݣҡԕDѡǣݣΪԭ
ۣư޹˵֪ǿУѡڽ֪ݣΪ̫ˣͲҲƽϡ
С˼ԕDΣǳ̹Ȼ
ҾǴġ
ۣ̫ˡʶĸۣɰֽƻ
ԕD΢΢°˵ȡ
ʿһֱǿﲻ˵ĵط
ۣæɡпˣġ
ô˵ԕDע⵽˶ںǡ
Ϣʱ䣬ȥǡ
ǰͽ½Ľʿļڡ
֮ԸļڣҪҪµĹٷ
Գɼʱ򣬹Ⱥ½ʿĹְҲˡ
״Ԫֱۡ̽ӽ뺲ԺֲطҪ꾩ĵط
ԕDָʿһ뿪ˡʱ¹磬Ǻ½ʿǶ᲻ڡ
ǰԕDգգۡ
ǿһĻԕDֳЦЦ
ԕD뿪󣬲ٴ󳼺ͽʿѯǵ׺ԕDʲôϵôʶġ֮Կ״ԪͰۣǲ̫ӵǰ˵˿˵⻰ˣȻǼǡ
ⷬȻǳŭ˵ֻ˺ݺһ٣ȻǸȥҹټҶţ̫ӵǲĸǿˡ
˵⻰Щ˵ȻȥšǾǼǿ״ԪͰֺۣ̫ӵʶԲŻ˵ⷬỰ
ְЩѵһ˵ǲ̫ӵ£ܻٻ̫ӵµ
ЩæǸ˵ԼȶˣŻ˵ⷬ
ûټƽϣ
һ¹Ǻ½Ľʿ뿪˹
¹СܿʹںԕDĶ䡣
ԕDͲµô˵Բ⣬øЩ˼ƽϡ
⻰Ҳû⡣
ǻ̫Ҳ˽ף˵˴Ǽʡ
ԕDҪ˽׵Ļ͸ǣԳǼ⡣ߣԵⲢģ뿴Ҳˡ
ƾٿԵĿ⣬˳ֻ֪֪ǲ֪ģҲûʸ鿴ģǻ̫ӡ
һ㣬γĿƾٿԷǳϸһ˽ףܵĴҲǳءԣڱʱڣٻᷢƾװ
ڶ糯ԕDƾٸĸһ¡
֮ǰ۹ѾʱµĿƾٿԡ
岩֧µĿƾٿԡ
ּĸƾƶȡ
µĿƾƶȣ֮ǰԕD͸ϸˣҪٴ顣ߣԕDµĿƾƶȷǳҪٸĽ
糯¿ƾһ£ûʲô飬ܿ³ˡ
˳ԕDʹŲԽǰǼҡ
䭷˵ԕDݣʵһ
ǣǴǰôԴԕDģڻôԴԕDҪΪԕD̫ӵ£͸ԶԕDѹ
ԕDǻǰһԴǸж
Ǿ͵֪ԕDݣ۶Դ
˿̣ԕDޡԺĹ£߳ԵģߺȲ衣
ۣ̫ӵ£ôȥµӣǵһμԕD¡
ԕDһ˵˵Ӧ֪ҳ֮ǰҵһֱûжӣһӣ鶼֪ɣ
ͷ֪飬Ƕ˵
Ȼҵҋ݋ݾңҲ֪֮ǰҵйӣӣһճزۣһزۡԕD赭д˵ҵҋ݋ݣҶԼꡣΪƽҵȥ£վʦΪӡǷĵӣүͲңȥӵԭ򡣡
ԭΪ
ΪļӺÿ¶Ҫѧϰ𷨡ԕD˵Ȼѧϰ𷨻һԭ򡣡
޺ʵʲôԭ򣿡
ʦ֣Ҳǿվʦ˵Ժɱ¾أԱСѧϰ𷨡
ǱԕD⻰ŵˣɱ¾أ㣿ǲ˿ɰĸۻɱˡ
˸˵ȹ꣬ҳˣҪԴȥոʮݡڿ԰˵ˣΪ£ʦ־Ժкصɱ¾
ٴαˣոʮݣ
԰黹ܣǿɲҪ˵ȥԕDʳָڴߣһƣĴԸǮĺɹ̫ƽҲԸոʮݡ
ۣԺҪոʮ𣿡
ԕD϶ͷġ˵꣬ؿ˿ǣ޳ɣǷԣ
Ȼ֧֡Ǽ˵͢͸ɱոʮݣĺɹ
޶ԕDĴָۣ֧㡣
ͷ˵Ҳ֧㡣
ԕDͲµǻ֧ոʮݡǰ̽ˣҲԳ͢ÿ͸ĺɹʮǮ;⡣
Ҿ֪ǻ֧ҡ
ۣʱǺһȥոʮݡʮԭ͸ڴεģ͸ջˡ


101 
ԕD˵˲ٹոʮݵ, Ŀɿڴ
ЩæŶ, æſƾ٣Ծ²̫˽⡣ԕD˵˲ٹĺɹ飬ŷִβûôƽ¡
ԕDָ˵˲ٹĺɹڱĲ飬ǻðɣԕDҪʮջ
˵ոʮһ£ԕDָ˵ƾٸĸһ¡
յ糯, Ѿּĸƾƶ, ԕDڸ, й¶лܡ
ԕDǳϸظ˵˵¿ƾٵ̺͹˺, һӦǽԿ˽ʿûп, Ҫ¿ƾ١
¿ƾôϣô, ǲһܿС
, ˵, ¿ƾķǳá
̧Լظ, µ˵Һҽ꿼˵Ե״ԪȻμ¿ƾ, ֻŶС
ҲһٺģҺҽ꿼˵Եİۡ
ҲǳңҺҽԿ˽ʿ
ԕD⸱ҵģˣǾμ¿ƾ, ǻῼнʿ, 
ǿɲһ뵽ʲô, ɻʵ͢ΪʲôҪĸƾ, Ͼһǳش飿
ڵĿƾƶԶЩ, ÿ¼ȡʵ̫ࡣ˵, γƾ¼ȡƳĺüʮټǧ͵³߹ٵҲ͢˺ܴĸЩԱУ˵߻Ե˷ǳ࣬ȫʵ£츣գԿƾٱĸ¼ȡ١
ǾԕD˵ĺܶԣͷ˵ۣ˵ĺܶԡ
Ӧܿ죺ǰʱȡƶȵԭô
ԕDû뵽뵽ƶȣ͸һ͵񣺡û߹ٵԭ򣬲ΪÿĿƾٿ¼ȡ̫ࡣһԭ򣬾ƶȡ񲹽;˷ǳ࣬Щ˾ֺСߣƶȶԲμӿƾٿԵѧ˵ƽ
ҪµĿƾٿԣôҪȡƶȣŹƽ
һȻԭ
ˣͰǱֵԺˡԕDЦ˵״Ԫۡ̽һֱǱֵԺȻǵĹְСǺԺкܶ飬кܶ±ǿɲҪ
һ⻰޵˫۶ʱð̹
̫ˡ
ƽյĹģǿɵðסԕDؽֻҪںԺͻְǸʱǻᱻɵطְҪ׼
ֵЦ׼ˡ˵ʵֵ̫ȥԺֱȥְΪʵ¡
磬ҰȥˡԕD˵֪ѧһЩʺ㡣
ŰĿˣһм˵ۣлл㡣
磬ʵҾûʳ˾Ĺʺ㣬˾ؿнʿȥʳ˾̫ԲˣҾͰȥ˹ʵĹǲʳ˾ġȥʳ˾Ĺѧϰ֪ԸԸ⣿
Ը⣬ҷǳԸ⣡֪ʳ˾ʲôģ⡣ԕDжϡ
ԕDӻͳһöƵݸǻʳ˾ƣͿԽʳ˾ֻȥʳ˾Ĺȥط
ơͷϸؿ˿еƣַǳͨšʳ˾֡Աߣʲôûп
ģһպöơ
ʳ˾Ĺͨʧġ
⻰ʱڴ
һҪǶѧϰѧϰ
ԕD˵˵
Уڸ͵һȣ˵ûǮûȨûƣ𣬱۸һŵ㣬ǾǹĶһЩ˾Ǹ㼼ģ൱ںĹСǴ˼ڼϣûʱҲûǸȥȨ
ҲһУȥʣһܱ
˵깤ԕDָ˵Ժ
ԺСҺܶ߹ٶԺԺ˵ŷ޺ǡҲںԺ¡
𹤲ԺЩӣƺܶ࣬ҲڹĶǡ
ԕDϸظǽ˺Ժ˵˾ǡ
ǰԕD˵ĻͬʱҲԺԺһ֪
ԕDյŵ˼ڲ裺˵ǰͷٳп϶ȫһ˵ţ¶һĨɫд󳼲ÿ˶ֱģһ붼Сˡ
⻰ЩЦõ˵ۣô˵д󳼺𣿡
˵ĿʵԕD°˵ĴµûŪȨĵǲ١ˣḯ١˵꣬ص̾˿
ԕD⸱ģæ˵Ժʵ£Ϊ츣
ô˵ԕDЦݣҵԺΪ츣
Ȼ˵˳д󳼣ԕDٶ켸Ҳûʲôָ˵˲ٳϵ顣
Ȼ֪п϶ٲ˹Ķǣû뵽ôأĳ䳼֮䡣
ˣŷոʮݣǿɲҪǰ˵©ˡԕDǳĶոʮһǻܣĳǲ֪ŷ֪£һᷴԵģʱĳҪˡ
ۣҪոʮһסİԺǻǻ֪
ڲ֪Ȼոʮһ¾ҪǶɱˡԕDڻСʽϳûȨ޷ǿ⡣ٹ꣬ҳˣڳվ˽ŸԼȨͿԸˡ
ģǲǰ˵µġһ͵ĶʾǻܺԼ͡
ԕDͷʾˡ
ţ˵һЩĳ佫֮飬Ŀࡣ
˵Щ飬ԕDָ˵Ŀǰ͢һЩõ
ԽԽľԽüͷԽ
û뵽ٵ棬ȻôࡰЩʱգԴݻٴεĻҵ
ЩûбʱȫԕDɫ÷ǳأʱ䳤ˣЩƲסرʱκˣݻΡγ̫ˣǳ׽ꡣ
ȿȿȿȿȡǱԕDһ仰ŵˣȻǻ̫ӣôֱ˵λǲǲ̫á
ۣ˵ЩãҪ׳ȥǲһ°
֪һӰγܣǿһĳȥԕDǣԺͿˡʵҪһ䷨ʯ䷨̫С
ԕDôأǵȻʮֶݡ
ֻۣҪܰ㣬ʲôԸ
仰͹ˡԕDЦǻҪѧϰ󣬽뺲Ժ͹ǿҪúѧϰ
ģǻúѧϰġȻǿ˵ԣǵʽʼǵ;ҲſʼΪۣܰ츣գǻкܶණҪѧ
˵곯е飬ԕD뵽˽ʿζ̫ѧҵס̫ѧѧˣæ磬סģҺ𣿡
羭סǼңȻסǼҡ
Ϊ˵ûǮûȥⷿסպǮˣȥҷӡǰ̫ѧʱʱʱռסʲôѾǹĹԱǰһסռңǲסûǮûȥⷿӡպٺ»ǮٴռҰȥ
磬ǲ˵ôסǼҡ
Ͱ޿״ԪͰۺĻҪ˰ɡԕDȤǵʱǳˣסһʲôӰ
æͷ˵Ҿ˼
ߣϲʵ飬סһ϶̫㡣ԕD˵磬ҪǲĻʱס̫ѧãǱ߻кüշ䣬԰ȥסԕD֪źõķӣһӦǰ̫ѧסпܻӦ磬ҪǾò˼ƽԽ̫̽ѧõѧǶ飬ǵַ⡣
Ȼ⻰˫۶ʱһĿ԰ȥס𣿡
ȻԣЩҲǿšԕD˵ƽɵö̽Щǡ
û⡣ϲõ˵ۣлл㡣

ҪǼҰȥûǣǲ̫סѼң鷳
˵꣬ʹռҰ˳ȥᵽ̫ѧá
ͬʱΪʹĵڵִ꾩ǡ


102 
ҹ
һŶ, ñӰԼڵʵʵСںڰʱʱͣĴ±˷һ
Ȼ߽һڰСһƹⶼû, ɫûСǣߵķǳ죬һ㶼ûܵڰӰ죬ڰСһ
߹հתߵһǳͨѰСԺſڡ
СԺ꾩ߺܳΪסĶͨϰա
ĳ̵ţһһϸ˴š
ϸ˿˵ʱ, ոһӱ÷ǳͰ, ҷǳͨ, ͸һϸûʲô
ֶ, ˰, Ͽϸ˺Ͱ׵˽ҵСԺӡ
лл˵ĿǷǳ, ӺЩ𣿡
Щ˰Ц, ҾСë, Ȼǧ, 鷳˰
˵ʲô, , һ, ȻҪ
˵ĸ첲, ˵˵ЦЦ߽
߽˺ʹɫ˲ʱ, ȫû֮ǰϤס
ﻹ, һ˾֮ǰȥҵĲܾ
ҽ, ּˡ
ܹӺþò˲Ǳˣεʹࡣ
ҽ常
Ͻܰ񣺡³һ³ǲܻʺ游ܱȻǲܻʺĸסǺЩǰܻʺĸײţ³ͱɲܰࡣ
ܰǰԷࣺ
վ˵һֱµҡ⻰ƨ˵ʵܼ佫ǵеĵλǳߣ佫ǳܼҵĽߣܰ㲻ǲܼҲǳʱ˹ĺɹʿ²ٹ͡
ҽˡܰʾҽΪսϷҲϰ
౻ô佱Ȼǳϻ̳Ͽ֣ܸʱȡ
ܰƵЦĵѯʵһ·˵ûΣգûзʲô顣
ʾһ·ûʲôΣգЩоա
һ꺮ůȻŽ⡣
ҽǰǣְϵǣǲʲôҪҪ˵
ȷһǳҪ飬²˵
ܰһ⻰ɫ˲ࣺʲô飿
ҵ˸Ϣĺпܻڽ׹Ρ
ܰͲܾʧɫϢʵ𣿡
ʵɫ˵ҵĻʹϢ϶ġ
ܰͲܾ⻰˵ɫʱء
ΪιΣĸǩ˺ƽԼÿ͸ʮǮĲٹΡЩȻĵһЩʿɧűǲûεͼ
ӽ껾ͲˣԭΪСܿͻãû뵽궼ûкã˵껲أûûˡ˵Ӷλ񣬶̫Ӳӣһֱ̫ӣҪ̫ӣε˾
껴Ӧˣ
껲ûдӦֹӡձȨһֱ빥ΣҪ֤Լ̫ǿ껲ˣʱܲøһᡣ
жٱ
ʮ򡣡˵ܲ˳ʱ֪Ǳ÷
ܰ΢΢ף˵öԣ׼
⼸ôӾû˼Ρ 𹥴ΣӸ̫ӣĵλ
ܲóܰȻһʵ
ײܰ˼ҡҡͷ˵Ųó
ܰԣ¶һĨϧɫ
һ̫ӵ飬̫ӵ´
ҪҪټңʵ
߹ټңϢԴͻᱻʣټ㣬Ĵȴ㣬˵ΣʱͻᱻǹܰǣЦЩ󳼶ʹͲ㻹û꾩ǣǾ뷽跨ѰĴϢ߹ټңø˴һѹɡ
ܰⷬ۵ײɵ¶һĨɫû뵽ĳô
ֻǸ̫ӵ£ûϵ𣿡
ûϵ̫ӵ»߹ټҡܰߣ̫ӵ»ᴦô¡
ܰ˵ôƶˡ
Ǿת̫ӵ¡
ҾͰѴ֪̫ͨӵµ֪ܰ˵꣬ʵҽҪסģ
ɡ
סܰ˵͵͵ǰǣ֪£һᵯġ
͵͵ػȥɡһ͵͵꾩ǵģĴ󲿶ڳ⡣г̣Ӧպŵ꾩ǡ
յϢͻȻĽǵġ
ʱѹأȥġܰ˵գס
𣿡
Ȼ㣬ﲻᱻע⵽ܰ˵Ժӵǲܼˣסְȫ
ܾ˵ҽúϢǵˣٺǻϡ
վܰ񣺡Ǿ鷳ˡ
ҽˡ
ָܰ˵Щйĵ
ʱˣܰȻȥˡѲܾŵࡣ
һ꾩ǣزġߣǰ͵͵ǣһֻز̤ʵܾðȫЩ
ܰصܼҺ󣬾ɸ봫鵽
ǻʳ˾ģҲǰ׸룬ǻҸ룬һܺע⵽ǡ
Ҹշɵͱ󺣸סˡţ󺣾ʹŻҸԕD
ԕDһǻҸ룬Ͷ֡漴ԹԵطɵԕDֱۡ
ӻҸȡżԕDûҸȥˡ
ԕDżɫɲǼͱ÷ǳأͷһæʵ£ʲô飿
͵͵ؽˣҴһϢ
Ӧܿ죺ĵ𣿡
û˴Ϣ˵ĵӺпܻ¹Ρ
ʲô
ԕDżд˻ţڴ󺣵ϡ
Ĵ󺣵ͷŽ游
󺣵ͷ漴ĳˡ
£ô죿
ʲô֪˵
£Ҫࣿ
ԕDͷǰǣô˻ȥһֱҪࡣǾȥࡣ
ûһܰյż
̫ӵҪ࣬Ȼᰲš
ڶ죬ԕD˳ͳ˹ǰ̫ѧá
ʱʱȥ̫ѧã̺Ƕ֪֡ġ
һ̣Ȼһ졣
ԕDûлعֱȥ˲ܼҡ
ڲܼùţȵʱĩŲܰȥࡣ
ܰһʮĺӣ£µӵݣõԲ˫ۣŸϽ񣺡μ̫ӵ¡
µݣԕDССľ£Ͼһ£ûȸ
ǰȥַࡣ
ҽ𡣡Ȼ౻ʹԕDǻǳƺΪеԡ
л̫ӵ¡໹Ƿǳȣû뵽̫ӵ»ܳȻȵ̫ӵµĳ̫ڡ̫ӵȻףȴһϣ˲С
ԕDǹġһμ࣬ȻһǳϵӡŷߣΪ̫ӣҪлʼҵϡ
һֱҽǼˡԕDеʵһ·ðɣ
л̫ӵµĹģһ·ƽ¡
೤һһ֮
ԕDûи໰ҳֱӽѯ֮¡
һһһʮػ㱨ԕD
ԕD˺ֵָô档
˼ʱĶ
ܰ͵û˵صԕDڡ
һԕDָ˫ֽس˵ȻǾӺ̫Ӷ
ܰʵ£ô
͵͵ӣ˵ûжʱտɻˡԕD΢΢˵Ȼ̫֪Ӵ¶֡
£Ӻ̫ӶǶ֮ˣǺš
ǾšԕDЦ˵һ飬ʱû¹Ρ
ԕDôţû˵ʲô
ԕDԵЦЦ˵Ҳҵˡ
˲⣬ûа㲻ˡ
Ӣ
˵ĵ飬ҽ˵˵顣
ͷһϽɵ˵˵


103 
ԕDĵʱ뿪Һγû, ȻԕDزȥܼҡ
һʱԕDˡȻ佫ͷԲ򵥡֮ǰ, òܾ, , ͬʱҲеơ
֪ʷϵĵǸʲôˣʱյĵıҪĽš
ԕDǰ˵ܶ顣
εذ̫ӵµĻס, ԕDġ
ܾ̫ӵ뿪, ໹һģ, ʵҽôˣ
౻ܾһ, Ļʵܹӣ̫ӵֻʮ𣿡ոո̫ӵ죬оԼٺһ졣
ܾ׵ľȣЦ¸ոʮꡣ
ĲʮСӡ̫ӵµһһﶼǳءֹˣ»ǳϻ, ǶԾϵ顣ûȥս, ǵ¶սǳ˽⡣ֹˣ»ĺɹҲǳ̫ˡ
Ȼ̫ӵ²ϲ˵ţȷšܾЦ, ҽ, Ժֵᷢ±лҪϻ۹ˡ
಻̫ײܾ˼, ɻʵܹ, ⻰ʲô˼
Ժ֪ˡܾ˵꣬뵽֮ǰ̫ӵ¶Ե˵Ƿʵҽװɵװ𣿡
Լ˵ҿװç򰡣ԣұç򰡡̫ӵ¶ĳǵǰװ̵ֻç򡣻˵çҲֻ̡
ͷԼ򵥵çɲôװ
ҾӦÿװ񡣡̫ӵ˵ĳΪһçͳĳǵԸĳǶļɵͻ١ȻĳǾͻر
Ǿͺá
ܹӣٸ˵˵̫ӵµ¡
̫ӵº󣬵ԕD˳羴ͺ档
Ҿ͸˵˵ʱ̫ӵɡ
ððԹã䣬ڳһϴģ
⸱ģܾʧЦһ̫ӵ۷ˡ̫ӵСȴǳ󡣲˵ĳ˵Ⱥ佫ҵˣ̫ӵҲǷǳŷ
ԕDصܼҺ󣬾дһżô͵ĵĶǡ
󺣣͵󣬲ҪŻȥĻʹһʱ䡣ԕDŴ󺣵ͷº͵˵Ҽǣ֪𣿡󺣱ѵĺܺãǧţܼӡ
󺣵ͷСԴ˲ԕD
ԕDְѴ󺣱ڻĺ󱳡
úüӣҲҪעⰲȫҪ˷֡
ֵ˵ͷ漴ͻӻӳɳ
£ô󺣼ĻʹҪǱ֣϶ᱻסġ
㱻סҲ취ɻġԕDԴ󺣷ǳģš
Ҳǣ󺣻ء󺣲ǳԣǳ۸ܶΣ
˵ôˣһֵĺûᡣʲôʱ
ɹǼӿɱĵ׺ݡٳûһ£ôγһһ䣬ɹԼҡ
£ֵ׳꣬ǲײ
ⶾҲ°ԕD˽ӽӽҲ²˶ΪǳʳסзǳСġ
ȷ¡˵ֻ
ҪþͺˡԕD˵ɹضңʱǹĺûᡣ
£˵ͻᲡɭЦ֮ǰҲͻȻ𣿡
ǱڵɱġڵԼҲȻУԷرϡԕDҡҡͷ˵ְ
£ûл֣˵л֡ο
ϣɡ˵ɹ飬ԕD뵽ɹš
ĺɹɹŲĻ
ɹŵɲһʷǶŷޡ
ԕDüͷɫǳǣĵʵ£ôˣ
ɹšε϶ȲɹŵҪɹţֻˡ
ʳ˾Ĺһֱоľֺͻ|ҩҪľֲûǰѻ˳
ԕD֮ǰľֲ˶ûʳ˾ĹѻģȻԶԶľ֣Ǳȹǿ̫ࡣ
ɹŵֻǿǲģд|ڡ
ʳ˾һֱһֱûгɹ
ԕDûʳ˾Ĺ
ǳĺɹôԵľɹšԕDָָͼϵɹţǵﲻСǷǳ̣ϲǡ
Щ嶼ױ֮ˡ
ԕDְĿ⿴ڵĽһСڸûĺɹǿǣɹЩ
ʱϽһԿɹţȻ˳ٰѽˡ
£ô
úú롣һһ˫İ취һý֡
պ󣬵ӵִ꾩ǡ
͵͵ǰһ£ԕD֪û֪
飬ԕDںͲܻʺûиߡĵҲû˵Ϊܴúá
ִ꾩ǺڲûټաϢˣٽ
ڵ꾩֮ǰھ͸źסҲ˵ڴ͸һۡ
ԵĹͣΪʹۡӦõġ
͸ۡһ£òٴĽʺޡҪ֪ٴ꾩ǶⷿסģྐྵȻ˸ۡ
ĸۡʰáּ⣬ڸúõϢա
գвݷŲ
ĳǼ佫ȥݼ࣬һҲ⡣
ʵʵڸۡϢգվͽʥ
ڼܸˣһֱЩڱĺܺá
ʾġ
ԕDʶࡣ
ϸػ㱨Щ걱Լ꾩֮ǰ顣ȻҪһ£û档
˾£໹˵˲ٱ
˵̫̫ˮֺ󣬱ׯڷࡣ
˵Щ֪ġоӪȻĹ١
磬һš
ĳǵ֪ºﵱȻˬϾ಻һç
ڸ˺ܶ࣬ĵʱŽ
õȻȥϢһ糯
Ӹ˳󣬾ֱӳ˹ûȥԺʹǴк
Ǿõ̫ưȻԺǴк
౻ǿߣԲܵʲôǶ
صҺ󣬵յһѰȫ͵ġûд
ȵϣͺ͵͵ࡣ
֪Ƕ̫ӵµĸ̫ӵǡ
࣬ϲߣ˲ٹڵػһ£ͶкøС
֮ǰ࣬ӡҲ
˶̫ӵµĸһʡ
ͺ˵˲ٳе顣
ȻԕD˵ˣ˵
͵ĵʱͺ뿪
̫ӵ۹ãǸýţ
ͬ仰û
պǶһЩ
Ȼ
գ컹û𴲡
źææȥϳһϳȥ̫磬Ҳȥ̫
ȥ̫ĳǣᱻǵѡȥ̫Ҳᱻĳ˵
ȥĲ粻á


104 
糯ûпʼ, һ죬һߵ糯ʼ
ؾһ𣬶һվһ, ûǰ˵
ע⵽Ƕָָ, ǻ˵ĺܴ˵ç˵һ佫˼ιƾʲôʹ˵΢, ûʸϳ֮˵Ļǳ
ǾǹƵ࣬Ϊľõ෢ŭ, Ǿаѱر
ȫװվһԡȻرܱĳǸϻȥȻ̫佫
̫ӵ˵ΪʹʵġЩΨһһʹ佫, ҲΨһһϳ佫ôţͷһϢ, Ժϻ佫, ֻĳˡȻ, ôŻһε⣬ǾԺ̧佫ĵλ, Щ⣬ĳ벻ġ
ĳ, ͷǶΪ֮õʹ, Ϊ˲ٺ͡
ԕDҲõϿر, ǵȻ꾩, ôͲĳ۸뿪ĳѹ佫棬Ҳ佫ǳԶ볯ã벻Ȩġԣ÷ر
ˣ꾩ʱ䣬ҪΪ佫Ҳἤ佫ǡ
ԕD֪ΪʹĿĺеĿ־Ǽ˺ܶࡣͬʱֳ˶־
ĳǼǵӶЩȣû뵽ç̵ͦġĳ׼˵ЩĻʱ糯Ҫʼˣֻʱա
ǰԼĹְվá
ΪʹǴһƷĹԱӦվڶǰС  վұ߶λ
λұߵĴǼһ佫վǵǰ棬еȻƽ
ûһͼټҺ̫ӵ˽
æںԕD񣺡ټң̫ӵ¡
ڶĴ̧̧֣ʾ
ԕDվߴ󳼵Ķλ͵ಢվšȻмһξ롣
ǻӭ꾩ǣ޵ЩڱĹ
ڵĳɾͣԼһ̴һ̶û䣬ĵط
ţ˵һϳҲǵһ꾩ǣ϶Ժܶ鲻˽⣬ôǶ
˵⻰ʱ򣬴ǶûзӦ
ڼһĬ΢΢̾˿ֱӵúͰƽʱࡣ
Ȼǰ˵õġ
ԕDôţΪľúͰܹذ࣬Ҳ˵ʲô
ͰȻҲ֪ţ˻װһģ
󳼼״ɵͬһѡ
˸˵պҪ鷳ˡ
æ˵ңǸġ
ؿ۴ǣﺬǺúú͵ദ
ټ˿ά࣬ǸӲʣҲڵǰֳ
˵飬ǰһࡣ
ҪǺƴͱһ¡
ǰʱ䣬ԕDдƴͱŰġȻøںǿ
ǿ˺ڣȻΪˣ޳֧ƹ㡣
ڳÿ󳼶һǰոոӡ˵ƴͱŰġȻҲС
Ȼⲻϲ佫ǵѾΪʹΪѵ࣬ѿ
ǿڲͬġ̫ô¡
ϸؽʲôǺƴʲôǱš
һʼ¶棬һǳ𾪡
⽲꣬ԕD̵Ǻƴ
ԕDïʵʹ˸ïʵ˲⣬Ӵ˳ȥţһľ׼ȷ˵һɫľ壬ʵǺڰ塣
ǰЩӣԕDѺڰͷ۱Ū˳̫ѧ÷۱ںڰдֽѧǺƴͱš
ԕDŷ۱ʣվںڰǰдabcdefgһЩĸȻ̴ô
Ǿѧõѧһǳظ̫ӵѧƴ
糯ͱԕDĽѧʱ䡣
һʱ䣬ԕDͰѺƴˣڴûǾͲ顣
ǲûú֪ܶƴǸö
ûûϵΪŷǻ̵Ȼš
ŷǺܴԕDһ飬Ǿȫѧᡣ
糯ھּƹ㺺ƴͱšӴԺѧϰƴͱŵȳ
ڣѧǼ棬ʶԷʲô飬ҲʶԷûд»ʫʣʶԷûѧƴͱšԷѧˣ˾һ𱳺ƴ飬ÿ춼꾩ݡ
̫ѧѧҲѧƴͱšǵǰ徭úƴͱű
ÿѧƴͱţ̫ѧѧǶ̫ã̫ΰˡ
ΪƴͱţԕDֺ̫ݺݵسһ
ˣΪôҸõѧúƴԕDѺƴһҥϿڡûжˣҲܳƴĸ衣ȺĹҲᳪƴ衣
˿̣ԕDںԺһ顣
ԺǹͼݣԕDԺ顣
ֵ뺲Ժ׸ÿںԺ飬ķǳġ
ۣôƴͱŵģ޸ŷһһѧˡȻǵŷ޽һΪʫʸ踳עƴͱšɲһС£Ҫ֪ӹʫʸ踳ʤǱעǳһЩʫʸ踳
ǣԺҲҪΪע
ŷǽ̻Ǻ󣬾Ϳʼ׫ֵ䡣
֮ǰԕD׫ֵһ¡Ǹʱûдñעƴͱŵġûб׫
񣬺ƴͱƹ㿪ôֵԿʼ׫ˡ
ԕDϸظôдֵ䣬ǾòѣΪܱܿдá
Ǳдáֵ䡷󣬳͢濯ӡԕDڽ飬ѹֵļ۸þ˶ֵ䡣
˳̫͢Ҳܿӡֵ䡣ȻΪüȼģ۸Ȼͨģ۸ͳ͢ļ۸ࡣֻ̫`ӡ汾ֵ䡣˵ֵݲ˵ֵֽһЩƶͥĺҲֵ䡣
Ȼ̫ѧĺǲҪȥ򡶴ֵ䡷ΪѧûѷŸǡ
εġԕDֻܳѣܲ˵˵ʵҾһЩֵֹΡ
ʧЦⲻֵֹΰɣǺΰ
޿ЦۣǲǾμ㣬Ȼдƴͱţ
ԕDָޣ˵ˡ
ԣɵЦ
˽£ǻǽԕDۡȻϻǳƺΪ̫ӵ¡
Դӵ֪ԕDʵݺ˲ûΪԕDԶ
ÿգԕDԺǣ˵ỰȻȥʱ䶼ڻʳ˾Ĺ
ʳ˾ĹȹĹȥ˻ʳ˾Ĺѧ˲ٶȫڸ㡰ѧԣ޲סڻʳ˾
֮ǰʹԕDܲܰʳ˾Ĺ
ԕD飬ܰʳ˾Ͼʳ˾һֱ˿Ҳ˿־塣֮ʳ˾ǳáȥʳ˾Ǿ͵ڻ
ںԕD˵ܲ˼ļˡҲǣ˼ʳ˾뷨
Ȼסڻʳ˾ÿ컹ȥѧϰҲȥʵ顣
ԕDûʳ˾Ūһӣʵ顣ʵǸרһʵҡ
ʵңͿԡΪΪˡʱջǶȤȥԺұй鼮
ԕDһпվһо
ȻϱԕDϷѧԺĻηǳãѧСѧУһֱμӰһֱǹھ
Ϊùھһ£͵廪ȻϷȤ;ܾ˱ͣȥϷѧԺ
꣬ϷѧԺʱʦǺͼǶеʹģҪϷѧԺʦǺͼҲֻ֧ܺ
ȻϷѧԺѧڸеʱ򣬾ǰѸѧˣѧĻѧ棬ȫָ
ԕDĽ̵£˽ԽԽ͸ҲЩС
ԕD˵У֪ҪѻԲŪˡ
磬ֵʳ˾һԷ
˶Իʳ˾ֵ֮ȴ¡ǿʳ˾ûдô¡
ڻʳ˾һʵңһԹ󣬾ͻʵ˯
˯õı˿õı˾֪
ʵ˯һŻصԺ
ȵ磬ԕDԪɺԪظ͵ĺͲ衣
Ϊеĵĺóԣúȣֵȫȥְһ꾩һںԺҲԸ⡣
꾩Ǻ󣬾ձŲͣҲȥݷˡÿӹ󣬾ڼ
ĳҪѰĴһʱѰͰ򵽵ļҾϻ߼ϡ
ԕD˵Լÿˣǧĳץ˰ѱȻͻᱻĳȺ
Լ˵Ҫǳϸ񣬾¡
ĳǼļҲʵʵһʱֻԺѰ
糯ϣͰڳһģ˳ȥԺͺͰˣ̬ȷǳҲǳ롣
˰ͺæȻ໹֪ĳǿӶٴΡ
ת䣬ûʲô飬һƬ͡
ԕDæ޶ӵ顣Ȼȥֳ죬ȥˣѶӵһ
ѾҪˣӺܿͻ
ԕDڶӽǰˮ˵ˮס˺ͬʱҲסˡסɲڣҪڽǰˮ
ӵͺӵһԕDѸ߱ˮʽͺˮʽһȻȥ޽ӡ
Ķӵĺˮˮλܵͣʱ޽ΪʡˮҪͲ
ԕD糯޺ӵʱ򣬲ٴ󳼷ԡԕD͸ϸ˵˵ÿζӳµʧж١
ӳµʧɱ޽ӵķøߣһߺüݣͲٷӡ
޽һ¾ô
ԕD˻ʳ˾Ĺ͹Ĺһȥ޽лʳ˾ڣǲ͵ġ
ź޽һºԕDָ˻𿻡
Ϊˣ첻˯ڿ̫ˡ
ΪлأʵǵůԕDЩҲû뵽
ǰգȥ̫ѧý顣ܲŪЩ̿ʹˣһ˯䡣̿Ļ˯һþȻѧҲ̿ǾͶš
ô˵ԕDŷִλûпѿŪ
ʵܺŪ
ʳ˾Ĺ˵˿ôŪ˺ûͱɹŪ˳
Ū󣬲ǻʹƽϰռﶼڸǽ
ˣͨ˼Ҳܽ
ߵ֪̫ӵŪĿһֱ̫ӵʵ¡
Ϊһ£ԕDˡڣϰᵽ̫ӵ¶˵̫ӵ´̫ӵʵ¡еĸţֱ˵ԕDǾȿѵĻ
ЩŵԕD˺ЦЦûе档
Ϊ˿꾩ǣط˶ڶ˯һů͵ľ
ԕD˸ȼԺŪ˿ȼԺ˺ͺǾͲˡ
գ꾩˴ѩ¶Ȼ½˺ܶࡣ紵ϣǱһ
ܻʺݡޡڿϣߺȲ裬ߵģǳ⡣ѩ׷ɣХ
ϷǳůܻͣʺǴ·񡣼ʹǻеȡ
޺͸Ⱥˡ
ݺ˵̫ӵŪĿǺö
ͬص˵ͷÿ궬죬ĸͲܺú˯¼лأıġ˿ĸÿ϶˯һůĸҲˡ̫ӵ̫̫ˣȻôõĶ
ǰ˯˯°ҹ䣬һ˯Ҳ䡣˯ǰŮǶů˯ʱͲ䣬Ӳһů͵ģȵ°ҹӾͱӡֱ
Ц˵ں޲ÿʱڿϡ
ܻʺЦɲô˵꣬̾˿ϰǵӾͺùˡ
˵̫ӵһ츣ϰյ顣
ģ˵݋ݣǴưɡ´ѩʲô鶼ˣƴʱ䡣
˵ϸ£ˡ
ļķǳ¡أϾǴΨһĹļȻᡣ
Ȼˣûѡá
֮ǰܻʺѡ˲ûһ⡣
ڶŮҪǳߣҪò˫ȫҪáǣôԸ
ǰۼǼϣۼ˼ңǲԸüӵӭȢߣ˼еҲʸܾ͵¸³ٳûж
ᵽͻ˵һˣǾ⡣
ǰⱻ˸ȥϼҡ
ⱻȥϼҵĵڶͳ˻顣ӡ
ȥ꣬ʾԕDܲܰĺӽӻ꾩ǡ
ԕDѳɻӣӦòø޸⣬ͬ
ȥ꣬޶Լĸһ꾩ǡ
ϼҵ϶û꾩Ǻã⼸ǳ˲ٿࡣص꾩ǺⲻҪ븣ȻԺͻᱻŵຮ֮ء
ⱻ˵Ļŵˡص꾩Ǻʵ˲٣ǰﻹŸ
ڵӣһٸ⣬䲻Ϊ͸һԡ
ԸҲܺ͸ɻ顣
˼⼸վ̫ãŵʵôˣǲϱûаźãѵ
ǡ˵̾һǳ꣬븣
빫ʲô
Ѿˡ
֪ˣǶѾˡȻ֪ʲôټҲù檡
ôùҵ檣϶ҵӰȻ뵽һ⣬Цķǳթǿ檰ڵӡ
⻰˫۶ʱһϲɫ˵԰檡
ס˵ֱۣúõظ˵
ã˵˵Ļû˵꣬뵽ǰʱ˾ǵĻ۵ײ¶һĨ־塣
ɡһܻ
ҲȢҲ᲻öѹ
ãȥڲУϾǰղžǡ
ո˵
úúãһ󡣡
ͬʱĸһ˺ü磬ŵΪˣϽȥ̫ҽ̫ҽ˵Ӻܿûκ⡣
ԕDΧŻ¯顣
⻹ԕDÿ춼顣
ʱĴѩȫûͣ˼ԕDȥţöСһԡ
ûоܾԕDһš
ԧ
ʹˣܳġ
ԕDϲ
һԕDⶼȳ˺
ӦóԹӡԕD˼⣬⡣
˵ǡһӣ͸оȫů˲١
˵ӣ͸ԕD˵ЩڹӵʷȤ¡
ԕDýζ
һ㣬ǳ⣬Ǿıʫ顣һ仰ݣǾߵͼݡ
˵Ժ鶼ˡ
Ժǧ⾹Ȼȫˣһˡ
ţ뿪ˡǰԕDҵԕDдһƪйʳΪ¡
дʫһ£ԕDѾϰˣϾЩд˲¡
뿪ԕDûȥ˯ϾųԱͲڻ¯ǰһߺȲ裬һ߿ӳԡ
£Ҫȥѩ𣿡ÿ궬죬¶ѩˡ
ѩ̫󣬵ѩͣٶѡԕD˵꣬뵽һԪ˵ȥѩ𣿡ÿ궬죬ԕDԪǲѩȻŵڶݲȡ
ˡԪ˵ѩСǲ˲١
ǾͺáԕD뵽һ飬üͷɫǵǣܶط´ѩڻ꾩;Уҵ;лΣա
ԭʯһҪǰϻ꾩ǵģǸճûգݳ£һֻصݡ
ϸ£ʯһٴγ·ڻ꾩;С
ԕDһ˻꾩;䣬˸ȥ̿;Ҳܿȡů
£һӦûҿסϾѩ첻С
ԕDҲǣϣһڿլ
ʯ㵽ҪѩûмŸ·˿ᡣ
Ȼˣڶվѩ
ʱʯڿϿ顢д֡
ԕDѿŪ󣬺ܿʹ꾩ĵطϰռվﶼŪ˿
ڸԕDдţԕD˵;е
ʯڿֵ̫ıֽıֽЩʱˣǼǰġ
뿪ǰԕDǼĹȥıֽ
Ҳڿϣڸ޸¡ǺķвЩº͵ǡ
Ҳ֪ѩҪµʲôʱ򣿡
ʯ˵գѩͻͣ
ʯĻվͲѩˣбһ
Ǻ·𣿡
ϣѩͣ·ȫǻѩʯڵ˵ѩˣٸ·
ġ˵꣬ȻпҺò˸ӺȻһҪ·ϡԕDòܻʺ͵ġʯһ˵Ӳʱס˿վһпܶ·ϡ
Щܲһ˰ܶࡣ
ʯǲǺ⣺պ
϶Ҫġλ꾩ǣҲһ˴˲ٶϣϲ넶㻹ûд𣿡
ûУкܶ໰Ҫ˵Ѿдֽˣȫûͣ˼
дҲʱͲȥ
ȵһվվšһдţһ˵һֱڵһȥҪѩ꾩ֽһЩûҲ֪ʲôˣǲǺСʱһÿ
ûӦó˲٣ҲӦóһ˲š
ʯ⻰ȴ˵һеССʱ򳤵úÿ˾ͱòÿ˵꣬һ넡
ע⵽񣬵ʱըˣʲô˼˵ҳ󳤳ô
ѵ𣿡
ûУøÿˡ˵ҿ϶ȵСʱÿ
ֶûУôʱǳÿ
Ҳš
ʵ
ΪֳûǣЦؿǳ
ʯͻȻ뵽ӺܼǸСӵĶԼ㲻Ҫ꾩ǣҪ˼Ҹ硣
넼ôСܴ治͸ʯһۡ
ҲŲ䣬DDҸжˡǿ˲顣DDС϶ûࡣ
㵹š
ߺߵ˵ţһеģ͵ſɡ
ҵſЦ
ٴдš
ЩÿºԕDдšȻ겻ǹϵȴһֱǳáһ뵽ٹһ¾ܵ꾩ǣܼͷͷǳˡ
һˣžдԽԽоÿκдŶ˵ĻȼһҪ˵ݷ飬ȫ
˼ϲõдţڴȤ겻Ͳʱʶ㣿
£ҿˣһϳҡ˵
˼ҵʱϲ㣬ҿô죿ʯ⿴ӳԱ


105 
Ȼʯ˵, պѩͣˣ·ϻѩأһʱ޷·, ֻܼڿ
вס⼸Ѹĵط˸顣һϰ, ÿȥһطֺĶ, , Ժ͸ԕD
, ԕDյֵֹܶĶ, ˵ι״ʯͷ, ϡŹֵ֦, õֻЦ鼮ȡ
һյ͵İʯͷʱԕD𾪵˶ɵˡһɲǣΪǺĳ, ϲʯͷ
ֲ֪ʲô˼;ʯͷ״ܺ, ȻһԕD
˰ʯͷshiһ״ʯͷԕDȻ˵Ҫ͸ʯͷ, ȫĻ, ͹Źֵʯͷ
ԕD״Ҳ˵ʲôּ͡
ֳȥһȦָԕD˲ٹֶ
ÿμ͸˵Ķô, öԷ, ȰҪ, ˵һϲġ
ּǹҵԕDʱڶԺһɹ̫һտ
ǰʯͷƬ˿̣˿̵졣
һԣʱʱ⴮
˵ζԕDͲ̿ˮ
ԕDϧûȻ⴮óԡ
ˣϽһݸԕD
ԕDӹȲҧһڣ̵ֱ
һ̵һߴһȷ硣
ԪǼæȰ˵£ԡ
ԲŹ񫡣һ⴮ԕDڶˡ
ǳ޳ɣԲźóԡ
⴮ֿ廨⡢ǣ˲߲ˡ
ԕDԪ⣬Ͳֿԡ
տ
ǳͬû
ֵˣԿ⡣ԕDЦ˵Կ
ֻ÷ǳҡ
ܻʺ֪ԕDûţڶԣЩεЦЦ޶һЩȥĶDDȥÿΕDDǳ꿾ͻϻͻ᳤ݡ
ǣ
ܻʺöӳԿ⣬ǲò˵ܺóԡԼÿҲһΡ
ԕDͲ˲⣬ԼСӳԳˡ
Ͳֿ˲ٳԵģȻ͵Ժͻʳ˾ǳԡ
ȻǳԹ緹ˣԕDĿ̫óˣ̲סȫˣȻҲԳˡ
ԕDںԺ񲿵ȼŹ
һֱںԺûȥšξ͸ԕDȫȥһ顣
һӲˣԕDʹŲضˡ
˯һʱԕD͸ź顣
󣬺ԕD˵˵
佫˽ҵҽҽûᡣ
ĿǰΨһһʹ佫佫Ҫ£ֺԕDԴ˺⡣
£Щ佫󷽣˲ӻ߽ӸҽеĻŮˡզҶ֪佫ôǮ˵ʵе㼵ˡ
ĽʿûʲôǮģϾǵٺ»ߡԕD佫Ƿǳ˽ģӻ߽Ӹ佫һĽʿƽյТǮ
̾꾩ǵ佫ҪȱĽʿǮ
Ȼ
£Һǰҽ˵ˣȻҽĺпܱ佫ơ
Ҳ˵ӦҲ֪ԕDЦ໹Ǻܴġ
Ҳǣҽȷϻۡ
ָԕD˵Щ飬뿪
뿪ԕD͸Ŵްѧ
⼸꣬һֱŴްѧް̵ֽķǳġԕDĻԽԽãȫõ˴ް׵洫ԕDĻǳǶ󻭡
ԕD󻭣Ϊ̫ӣΪĻĺá
ȻԕDĻûе뻯ĵزĻ˿̲סϲ
ԕDѧѧٲΪұ٣ûǮװҫͳ˲ٻÿ꺫ǼԕDԻһ͸ǡҲԶ֡
һԕDǾǻ
Ȼֶǳţڻ滭츳ȴһ㡣Ϊ㣬ԕDѻѧá
òһ泬֣ѧһҪԽѧԽãĪ
ް׷ǳԕDô츳ǳڿѧѧ̸ԕD
ԕDǻ̫ӣһΪĴ󻭼ңް׷ǳһ㡣
ԕDʱ򣬺Ȼ뵽λڣ̾ѵԼ츳
鷨ϵܸߣǷɰ壬ȫǴ鷨ҵˮƽĵҲȻûдްôҲó֡
뵽λһЩɧֱӰѱθûˣԕDһԺһҪдһ󱲣ԺǧҪλʵۡ
˵ڣպ˵ֲλڡ
ԕD΢˻ػ
ǰմѩΣǳΨһһ
ް׺ϲԕDĻȻԕDѧԕDĻǳʣ˿ˣ鲻ɵرûĻЩ
ԕD껭ް׾⸱ѩ
ԕDǳ󷽵͸ڻϰӡ¡
֪ްв̫ӵĻȥ󻭣ؾܾˡ
ް뿪ûãԶĴڷɻˡ
֮ǰԕDļıɹˡĵף̫ӶҪ¶ֵ֡ԭͲͣΪһ£³˺
һ£ֵæȨûʱ;ȥܱ顣
Ҳû¹ΣھŪ̫ӣȻԼλ
󺣻󣬾ͲͣضԕDС
ԕD֮ǰѧӥ˵ʲô
£˵ʲô
ԕD΢΢ü˵껵ĲҪˡ
ʲôǲ𣿡һԾôͺˣ
ԭǲأǰʱպ˺ܶࡣԕDһι󺣳⣬һ߶Բװ˶֪
װΪʲôװӦ֪̫ӺӶȥɣ
ԕDһ˵ô˻ῴĶжͲ
ԕD˼ͷ˵ϵԹ̫ӺӶ鰡
мģмǺøסԕDԵΪĵһǵȻǸס
£ټҶ㲻
ǺܺãֹһӣкüӣʱͲһˡԕD˵꣬һЦˣҺõֻһӣҲøֵԲɱҲøݸӲϷ롣
£ǽô죿
ԕDȻЦһټһѻļӶĸǾͲε⡣ɿǷǳóġûвҲǺ¡ĳˣԴη
£ҿĵ̫ӺӶʲôˣҪ̨˵Ҳһ°ɡ
ȻǲҰġԕD˵̨һ¾¹Ρ
껻ǻźá


106 
˳, ԕDȥ˸
ÿ˳ȥһţһĄӡ
һ, ïʵ߽ټңˡ
һ⻰, æеĄӣïʵ˾˽
ûһ, ˽, ȹؾصظںԕD񣺡ټң̫ӵ¡
ǰȥԷˣ˾ˣ
ԕDһ񣺡ү
΢΢ɲ̫ӵµ
˾, ڷ
лټҡС
ú, ھĵѯ״
˾һʱûˣﻹð, ;ĸӻðɡ
лټҹģһа, Ҳܺá
ϸؿ˿˵ɫ, ɫ, ǳо˺ܶࡣ, ˵ïʵ̫ҽ
֪Ҫǲ̫ҽ, ټǻ᲻ĵ, ûоܾ
̫ҽĺܿ, ظ˰˰, ˵˵ûʲô⣬Щ˳⣬úõһͺá
ÿνڶ̫ҽڣ֪˵û£ڱ㳹׷ˡ
ôԴ֪⼸ǰϼҳɻھͷø޸Ĵ㣬˾ˣôǽ޻ûпĺӣ
ټңĺӻ̫СĻһᳳǡ
ЦСӳֲǺô
ĺӻСþүǴҪˣô죿ԕD˵Ҫ֪СӺġ
ԣǻʱҪôһ˵ڲС顣ȺӳһЩ˾ٴǽ
ǣټҡ
ӲܽܽЦ˵޼ûмˣ˾´νǷ
ô͵͵ؿһԕD̫ӵµɫЩ䣬һæ˵ټң⼸Խӣǲ
ôˣʲô飿ڹĵʵ
׺ûٶ飬ÿڼֺСǹ˵ⲻãΪľڲҪټ⡣Ȼ˵ĶʵⱾͲصϼҺû˵Ĺ׷ŷңԽԽ
˵ĻĿɿڴ
ô⸱ӣ
ͲټͲҪˡڹ飬ټңҪֹʹ͸εģȻĴ˵ıܡ
ԕDȻ˵ϼҵʱ򣬲ǵıϼҺаԵɣ
⻰üͷ
ͷݺݵ£漴æվټңûн̵⣬ټҽ
ˡԕD֮ô˵Ϊľǳ׾ټ뷨
һ漴˵޷ټҽ
үϼҵЩ飿
⡭˲ҿ˵
ڿ⸱Ϊѵģкǲ̡ǰ|ˣϼң˾꾩ǣܹܵ
ټңǳ޷һ֣̿
˾ˣϼ飬޲ƽϣҲҪ黳
ǣټҡ
ֻԺ顣ڵɫȻ÷ǳ֪࣬飬޾ġڵƢϼҴܵӺаԵ˲ٲ飬һϳ͵ġǣο˵ϣûгͷ⡣Ҫ飬ġ
Ǿ֣æ˵Բⷸ
һԵԕDȻ뵽һ⣬˸żթĹâ
ȥ̵⣬ʹıܣҲŰ衣
ھöã˵ãȥ̵⡣
Ҫ˽ǡԕD¶˵СҾ;ûʲôء
ǳĴǳûн̵
ǰʲôãΪͦɰģڵ֪ϼڶûаֺøˡԕD˵ûйأϸ룬⻹ûйء
Ǿϸؽǡ
лټҡ
˾ˣһҪ̺á
ټ˵ǡ
ҪѧãһֱѧԕDЦ˵ֱѧΪֹ
һᶽѧá
û˵飬תƻ˵顣һֱ˵飬ԽԽ¡
գûһš
˻ž֣뿪˸߳˫ȾͷڵϣǿţûԼߵſڣҲ̲ס˫ȷˤڵϡ
С˷ʱȫڷ
ԕD˵ڣ͸˵ⲻʲôöȴɰ㻹ɰ𣿡
֪⸱ģ
ԕD˵꣬ԺһԵïʵ˵ȥϼ顣
ǣ̫ӵ¡
ʵò飬Ҷܲµʲô
ȻҲܲµΪǸʵĺӣû뵽
ʵԕDһЦһҪʵûʵˡ
⺢Сʱͦʵİ
СʱͲʵˣǹǰװʵϲԕDЦװϲ㣬Ҫͽɻ顣
ʲô˼
Ϊǰϲ𣿡
ѵ𣿡
ǸԕDܲТ͸һ޴İۣװģΪľԺȢ㣬Ϊݱ󣬻һٻѾȢӣֻﻹŽ㣬ҪΪ
ⷬɫ÷ǳѿû뵽Ȼ˼
ȻΪΪʲôȢ㡣ԕDӵؿһڣ㿴˵Ŀ治СҺýûм޸⣬ȻⱲӾͻˡ
ô˵޲˸
ȻأԕDû˵ΨһŮҲǴΨһĹҪҪ⣬һʻţϡ
Һûдͻ顣
ǾүַԣʹӦˡԕDûвˣ˼ַŻƵĻ¡֪Īү˽ʲôˣԲŷŻ¡
˾ôãô⡭ʧ
Ǳĸ׳軵ġԕD˵ԺҪټˡ
ټˡ
˵꣬ȥΪȥ̵飬Ҷⲻúö飬ôô졣
̶ڻȥǡⲻúѧǾϳֱͣúѧΪֹ
ô˵Ӿ֪ôˡ
ûкˡ
׽һ£ԕDֻˬ¸ܻʺ˵ˣҲǳϲּ
ʱʯһ³ǰ꾩ǵ·ϡ
һ£һ˾ִܵ꾩ǡ
˼գԕDյּĶȻûʧһǹʯͷǹ֦
˵ǲǹģԕDǳƷζôĹ죿
£Ҿǹⶺġ
ȻôԕDЦ꾩ǣҿɵúúõдд֣ԕDҧرء


107 
ܻʺˡ
ǰ, 꾩˴꣬¶Ȼ½ܻܶ࣬ʺʱ˷纮
һʼ, ȴ
ܻʺһãʮĴָͻȻ, ǵһΣԕDŻˡ
겻ˣȻпܻᲡɽܻʺ
Ȼܻʺ, ǲû֮, ԕDǷ˺ܶࡣ
⼸, ԕD˳ȥܻʺ
˼ԕD, ˳ȥ
ܻʺ, Ҫ̼ġ, һʼܻʺû̼ǳ̼ġܻʺܾҪ̼ڰæ˵ܻʺֻôӦ
˺ܻʺ̼֮ǰ, ڲصʱ, ظ̼񻻳ɲܻʺ, ҲĬˡ
, ܾó˸ܻʺ̼ģһֱ, ⼸ճźܻʺǳ, ûõ, ΢Щ
ԕDڴߣĿĵŲܻʺ󣺡݋ݣоôûкõ㣿
ڴϵĲܻʺɫ԰׺ѪɫҲ˲١
õˡ
ԕDϸؿ˿ܻʺɫľպ˵㣬Щ
݋ݣľȷպЩ˵ںתúһʱվܳ׺
û¡ܻʺһĨ΢ЦҲôҡ
݋ݣ㲡ôأôܲġԕDסܻʺ֣ش˴꣬݋ݣҪǲҵģǾ͸Ͽɡ
ã݋ݸϿܻʺҲû뵽ԼᲡôأǲʹˣһССķ纮Żءû£Ͽȥ顣

䣬ͲҪţúڶš⼸գֹܻʺ󶳲Ҳ˶һ١һ쿴һξ͹ˣϾͲҪ݋ݲѲ㡣Ȼ⼸꣬ҲǶӻСӡܻʺѲԕDԕDһء
݋ݣӺء⼸ԕDÿ״򲻶ܲ壬ѧն塣ȻҪÿ顣˵˵ǲᱻȾġ
݋ݵģϾͲˡܻʺԼ˲ںҪǶӲˣᾪźµġҪË݋л㡣
ܻʺô˵ԕDֻܴӦã݋ݻ
ܻʺ˺ϲ¶һĨЦݣDDԡ
СӺԕDΡ
ˣϿȥɡܻʺҪϿȥ顣
ǣϾߡԕDε˵݋ݣúϢ
粻Ҳŵġ
ãҲԕDܻʺ˸񣬡݋ݣˡ
߰ɡ
ԕDܻ߳ʺ޵ͼ˹
¡
ɡԕD˵úչˋ݋ݡ
·ģһչ˺ġ
ԕDͷˡ
ߡ
ܻʺ˺޾ûȥ飬չ˲ܻʺ
ҲֻʮĺӣܻʺչˣҲ°ѲҪչˡܻʺû취Ҳֻˡ
ܻʺ޽ˣ΢΢̾˿⺢ӡ
݋ݣҵӸɡ޴ϲܻʺĻЦ˵̫ӵ½ҵģҵɡ
DDģܻʺ΢΢Щ죬DDӣ
޵ͷǰʱ̫ӵģ󣬾½ҡ˵꣬Ƥͷԭϲڱˡ
ܻʺʧЦ͵ɡ
̧֣زҡ
ˮɻ𣬲ܻʺһֻԼů£һ΢紵ظӡһӱƽ
ӣʵǰԕDͻ뵽ġ
ӣܻʺ˲ɲ٣
ӣû뵽DDôһ档֮ǰDDǺдӶǴˬ߽
݋ݣʵ̫ӵһˡˣдôӡ
ܻʺЦ⺢ġ˵껰ܻʺ;Щˣûһ˯ˡ
޼ܻʺ˯ˣ̾װ
ܻʺ˯ˣ޾Ĵߡ
ǰã˼ˣ뿪ˡ
һźܻʺҩţٴҲ˶ǳкܻʺ
뿪󣬾ǰ˵²ܻʺ
ÿϣڶҪæĄӡʱŻܻʺ
ʺɫҪպЩ
ų˵֣˵⼸źʺˡ
ضЦЦټңʲôҾźʺҩ
Ҳ֪ݲĳˣԸóڲܻʺߡ
Ժ֪ĺá
ټң֪֪ҵĺûϵֻҪټ֪Һþˡ
ְѳ˱ĺãһֱ֪˵꣬˵⼸꣬Ҳ޵ߡܺãǺܶͳһڻܷ
ټңҲǳߡ˵ɫǳᣬҴûһܻعߡ
꣬޲ڹС˵̾һ޵ûԸԸǴôꡣ
ټң㵱ҲΪҺáסڵ֣˵һ𡣡
ĿˮؿųˣְС
֪ڻЄҪģûڸôûһ뿪ˡ
صֵЩۣ˯ˡû룬һ˯˯ʱѡ
˼Լˣﳤһ
㣬ˡ
˼ŮǺ£Щɻʵôˣ
˯˴졣
ʲôʱأ
ʱ
ʲôʱҾȻ˯ôãһȡ
㣬ڸоôûﲻ˼ŵʵ
Ҿú˲١˶ŮЦЦӦ⼸û˯ãԽղŻ˯ôá
㣬Ӧźʺ۵ˡ˼˵㣬˰ɣϿŰɡ
Ƕˡ
Ķˣ˽յθڷǳã˲ٶ
Ա󣬳ֻû˸ɾ
ȥ
㣬˲ӭ㣬ȥʲô
ԣʺﲡأΪӦź򡣡һ˵˷ҺҲΪԭͲȥ̼
㡭
ԣǽ꣬ʺΣΪѹиѿ𣿡
ûС
ԻʺֶΣҪǲѣ⼸꣬ûжκ顣˵ʺ⹬Ϊˡ
㣬Ͳ𣿡˼֪ҪΪܻʺ󣬵Ϊ˼Ե΢ǷԣھͷתΪʺ
֪Ů仰˼΢΢ЦЦޡʺ߹Ϊ˴õĻʺ˵꣬ش˴ŮĶͷԣʺܺãӦøмǻģ֪𣿡
˼Եͷ㣬֪ˡʵ޻ʺ˵ʺûΪѹǡ
һȥ
á


108 
ܻʺ󲡵ʱ, ݺ͸˺ͳ¿һֱź, ˵ټ, ԕDĹ, ܻʺûͺˡȻ, βأӱ˲, Ҫúһʱ䡣
ںһƽ˾, ܻʺҪʲôģܺúõؾ
գݺͳ˻Ǿܻʺ󡣲˲ôܻʺ˵һͻ뿪
Щ㲻˵Ŀġ˵Ҫֺûʺ, źʺʱ, ûпֺáźûʺ, ô뿪
˵ڴʲô⣿
ܻʺҲЩ˵ͼʱպ֪˵, ˵һ, ɡ
˻صֵ󣬾һصģ
ԼĶ, һƬ
ǰʱգȻЩ˯, θҲ˺ö, һʼûж, µƺò롣
ǰ˱ڽӽʱ򣬾ȷظ˵֮䲻кӡ
֮ôΪ̫ӵ£ҲΪ˱ûκԥĴӦˡ˵ѾԣҪҪν
ټӣ»ӣֻûʺǲ»ӵġ
ս꣬һֱٺȱֱ̫ҽ˵Ҫٺȣóͣ
ͣȱһ꣬ôͻˣ
һֱԼٻϺӣû뵽ȻˣЩֲ
Ȼû̫ҽǳ˿ȷԼˣϾǵһλС
˵֪ԼкûиκˣŮ˼Զûиߡ
죬һֱھҪҪڡ
ڣڲϾ͵͵ػСǣҲףڲӡ
ټӣǻʺɹӡ
ԼĶӣ̾˿ӺûԵ֣
Լ֮ǲ˵Ầԡ
룬ĺӡ
ȻҪ֪κ֪
Сʱ游Ĵܣ֪顣̥ҩô䣬ǳ
ߵĹŮڹŮߵ˼䡣
Ů󣬾ȥ̫ҽԺ
ùŮȥץҩץǻѪҩѪҩȶˣĺӾͻ
ŮĶܿ죬ûþץٻѪҩ
ùŮҩ壬ɵذһѪҩȥ
һѪҩöĺٺȼ롣һȼ룬ɵġ
ȵϣֺһѪҩ
˻һ£ֻԼ֪
ĻѪҩڳɹذѶĺӴˡ
Ů˴ѪŵҪȥ̫ҽֹˡ
£СֵʲôŵĶӣɫ԰׵˵
Ůô˵ˡ
㣬ôôأ˼ԼһѪɫһǳʹģ
˿ڴϣϷһӡ
Ӧ˺²Żôܡ
㣬Ҫ̫ҽɣ
̫ҽʲô˵ûôһʱͺá
㣬㻹ǺúõĲɡ
ãģúò
ңһ򶼲Ȼ϶ȥ
ÿ춼ˣôأҲúò
ܻʺɴһЩҩó˲ӡ
ڴ˼´Ӳ⼸ֺúõزһ԰׵ڳ˺ûб˻ɡ
Լɹˣܰˡ
ΣçײûѪҩĺӣԺǲٻϺӡ˵һ¡
ʵҪ˹ټҵĺӣẦ˹ټҡ
Ȼܻʺ˶ֵ飬˭û˵ԲܻʺȻ֪顣
ԭһ粨ôϢԼˡ
ٹһʱվǶæΪ׼
һʱܻʺӺ˲١գæʳԲʵǰӺͰԲ
Ҫ ԱʳԲ
޺͸ŲܻʺһʳԲ
ûеԕDǰԵ˱ʳԲ
һ˲ڶһִ꾩ǣԕDʱ͸һЩʳԲ
Զڻ꾩;еʯһˣҲǰվ˱ʳ
˵ûеǺܶطǰ˳˱ʳ
˼շǳļ꣬ȤôżҪ
ص˵ͷ룬ǳ롣ϾҪ꾩ˣֵȴԽԽ죬һֱٴ߿һЩߵʯǷǳ
ʯбһ۶ӣôżҪ˼ң˼Ҳһż㡣
ֵһʯдŸңǳңһֱǳҡ
ʯһģ̲סҪ˼˵ǿ
Ųǿߺߵضʯ㲻ҪǴ˵Ļ˼С֮ꡣ
㲻˵ԼСôô˵ԼСѣ
Ҹˡ
ְһεҡҡͷ
һ·Ǹ죬Ȼġ
ԽǴߣʯԽøϳֺ޲ҧ

ԕDһĄӡһӶϢһ
ˣһ˿Ҫ꾩ô죿ԕDеĲյʵֱټʯ𣿡
һ˺úϢա˵ţһĨЦݣǵ꾩ǣһȥǣ겻ȥ
ԕD˲Ҫʲô⣺û
޺ڴʯڳϼ޵ķӦЦķǳ⡣
϶ŵʯġԕDЦҲڴڴ֪ʵݵķӦһǳȤ
ͬʱʯͬʱһ磬ŵˡ
ʯǸ֮ţպҪúڷǳʯĲܣںȻüͷɫЩ̫ÿ
ʲô
˵ʯϴ衣
ô˵ԕDôһ¡˵ʯޱ߷ϲϴ衣Ϊϲϴһ£ʯЦ
ϴ裬ǡеģ˵ʯϴ裬еȻЩ
Ժּϴ衣ϴһ㣬Ҳܲˡȵȣֲһϴɡֻˣʡ
лʵּôϴġüͷ˵ʲô
ɵ˽¸˵
Ǿ˽¸˵Ϊ󳼣ݱɾ
ںԕDڵʯǻһЩҲڴʯĹ
ѷǳģǰʯһ˷ӣҲǰѷʰɾΪ˲ٶ
磬ʯһڵִ꾩ǡ


109 
ʱ, ٴλص꾩ǣʯһ˶һֻ֮СУû꾩, ʯһ˷꾩ǸΪ, һʱΪ˵ط
ݸ꾩ȣǾƫƧСׯͷĴС
һݹѰ, Ȼ꾩ôĵط, һ˶ЩϰߡܿǾϰˡ
ǻĵһ, ڷ¥Ϊһ˽ӷϴڳԵԕDиһЩʳ, Ȼóԡ
˵, Լľûз¥յĺóԡݵľ¥ĺ, Ҳûз¥ĺóԡ
ڼǰ, ʹθطŵ˵, ÿÿ, ǺòóԵ
ʱ, һ˶ڸ·ڿվԵĶһ㡣ôζǰһ˵Ȼ
һ߸ʯȾƳԷһָʯ˵һʱ꾩﷢顣
ټּڼҺúϢ죬ʱҪŽ㱨˵, ʯһ, ޱ߷ģ뵽֮ǰټҵһ, ʯ, ټһ, úԡϴɾٽ
׼в˵ʯ⻰еĶɵضס
⻰æе̧꣬ƣﻹ˵ټӢټӢټӢݳ꾩ǣһ·ϣһ趼ûϴôȰϴ裬ϴ
ʯеĿӣεźѣӹ̣㲻ٴʥּɣʯŹټһּ⣬Ǻϴ裬ԲŻ˵ⷬ
ʮӣҲҼٴʥּЦ˵ǹټ׿ڶ˵ģڽ֮ǰúõϴ衣
ʯǲ̫ţټôôֵּ⣿
ֺ²ټӦ˵㲻ϴë˵ţ治͸һ񣬡ټҶ࣬ԲŻּڽǰúϴ裬Լϴɾ˵꣬յʯţȻסڱǣһܲ˵˵һ·ûϴ裬϶ˡ
ô̭ʯɫȫûа㲻˼ֱ׳˵ζ
˵ôҪĻֱӷһۣ¶һȻɫŶ~ԭǳ˰
£漴ӦЦ
ַǳТ˳˵׿еĳˡ˵ţȻصͷѹֵô
ֿһҲ
ˡ˵Ц
Цʯ
壬˵Ķ԰ɡ
Ц넶˵ķǳԡ
ʯݺݵصһ۲Т֣ô˵ӵ𣿡
һ޹Լ˵İ
ʯٴӣ˵ټôܳϴϴ衣
鸦˵ʵϵȷζղŲ˵ʯĻͺ˵ˡ⸱ģȥټңú𣿡
壬ҵѬټҡ
ʯֵһ֣ұ졣
ȫľ棬Ҳû˵ʲô
鸦ټҿɲʧǰȻţҾʹȥϴ衣
ʯֱӾֲܾټҡ
㻹ǸȥϴɡԺѲϴϰĺΣһ·ûϴ裬ֻϴһϴɾġҴȥϴ裬ȻǰٴȥϴһΡ
ҽǰȥϴͿˡֲûҪȥϴ衣
˫ȭԻʹķңң£ʯ˵ҿǷʥּȥϴ裬Ҫּ𣿡
ʯټΪʲôҪϴϴ衣
㻹ǹԹԵظȥϴɡּԱЦķǳġ
ʯıǳʥֲֻּּܹܿԹԴӦ
һ޿ı鶺Цˣ鸦ټǽȥϴ裬ֲǽȥһı顣
ʯбһû˵Ҳϲϴ衣
ֶ˵壬ټңټҾּõȥϴ衣һϴĵΡ
ʯ⻰ְ̧ѶӵСѼ״
һ仰˵ֻܷߺߵ
Ц˵á
ʯؽеӹ̣
鸦û뵽Ҳµʱ򰡣ֻЦץסİѱ
ʯЦļթĺѣЩڣںӹ̾ü
ˣֹټôԸ̫ӵҲҽϴ衣
ʯ֪Ͳݻ
ùټҺ̫ӵһϴĳӣֻˡֳ㻹
ʯӲҪˡ
ôѣú档һЦʯ鸦ٰ
ӹ̣仵ˡ겻û뵽ӹ̱ô
ûٵ٩ʯͺѼȾƳԷ
ʱŹˣרĵسʳ
ʯٰ㲻Ըظϴ衣ȻҲȥˡ
꾩кܶ࣬ҲӷǳݻȻûдʯȥߵϴ裬ǴȥǼϴ裬۸񲻱ˣҲ
ʯһ·ûϴ裬֪жࡣ
ַ˾ţ֮Űʯˢĸɸɾ
ϴ裬˾ͻȥˡ
ʯһķӾҵĸ
ٽǰЦ˵գټҺ̫ӵңûдȥϴ裬Ҳܽˡ
Це˵壬ˡ
ͷ˵ȷࡣ˦˦󣬡ҵֵڻЩۡ
ʯá˵꣬ߺߵˡ
˸񣺡壬ˡ
⼸գǺúϢ
ǻġ
ָ󣬾Сȥ׷
վԶʯӴʧЦҡҡͷ鸦˵ӣʱĺܺ
һصҾ͸˵˹ټҺ̫ӵּϴһ£һһ㶡֪ʯȥϴ裬˷ǳлټҺ̫ӵ£
ûиȥ¥Էֱȥļңķ˺Ůһ˷ȻҲȥϴ衣
գ˳ͱȥ
ںԕDѯйʯ
飬һһʮظ˵ˡ
ںԕDǳЦá
ôϴҪʯһ
ټңԽ鸦˵ϴҪ
ԕDզࣺһǵһμôϴˡʯһĳȻںǱǡ佫Ҫǲϴ裬⣬ʯϴ裬Щ⡣
Ҳǵһμ
鸦Ķ˵ϣټҺ̫ӵּܾϴ衣
̿ʯĶҲܲϴ谡
ԕD˵Ǹ˶ܲ˰ɡ
Ե̫ӵԼǡ
Ц˵ˣ޻ᾭּʯϴ衣
ûʵһֱּϴģֻʯһˡ


110 
ʦ, û˵©죬֪Һ͵ݰɣԕD֮ǰǺʯһҵĹϵ
֪ʱ, Ŀࡣû뵽鸦һֱᵽȻǹټ, Եֻǡ
·ģû˵©졣ҲǳڴʯټҺ̫ӵ»ʲôı顣
ǽոʦһȥʯǰɡ
ðѻ, Ȼȥ
, Ћ݋, ݋һȥԕD˵ȥЋ݋ݡ
ܻʺ֪ʯһѾִ꾩, ӦԕDһȥʯһˡ, Щ, ܻʺһֱϵ, ˵Ĺϵܲ
øԕDһţǰȥˡ
ȻؼһȻȥʯļû뵽ʯֲڼ, ǳԹ緹ȥ̫֡
ʱ, ںԕDʯļ
˼һˣæȥְ̫ʯл
ʯһһ, ͼææظ˻
ںԕDԺĹ, һߺȲ, һߵʯֻܻʺ, ȥ˺լ
ΪŮ, дǡ
һ·ɱ, ˻ûеſ, ȴص
 
ԕDֽæеĲյſ˹ȥûһͼһ곯ɿܹ
֣֣֣֣
ΥĳƺֵٶȲɵЩû˽ֻ֡һˡ
֮ǰ˵ˣˣԺҪٽ֡ÿдŻǽ֡
˵˲Ҫ֣ܵԕDǰԕDʱŭ˲䱻ȡ
겻ԽԽÿСʱҪÿ
ԕDҲϸؿ˿֣ȷˣСʱôˣǺСʱһڡСݵʱܣҲɹˡ
ҪǰЩ֮ǰ˧һЩСҪǰһЩһС˧磬ϧ̫ڡ
ԕDĿɿڴض˫ֱأϷʵؿ˵ôʶˣ
Żع黹ǷǳԾ
ٰԕDȡЦֵ㲻˵ϲô˵һҾϳ𣿡
ðɣ⻰ȷ˵ġ
㡭ŤŤ˵㳤øÿˡÿˡ֮ǰ˵᳤ˡ
ԕD΢΢°ͣһ˵һֱöÿ
ôƨĻֻ÷ǳУϾһֱͨţﴵԼ
ոյıŤжʱûˣֺٺٵЦûһֱöÿ˵꣬ǰһѱסԕD
ͻȻסԕD΢΢һ£ֱ̧ס֡
δֵܣرסԷ
ֱԕDŵϴζʲôζûŹͦŵġСһԕDľѱš
ԕDһƿ֣˵֣ʲô
Ϻ㰡ֺʵͿôôŮһ
ƨࡣ
ǣϺ㰡ǰûŵ
ԕḐ֣ͷţŵһζ
·ϵζϴ·ʱ򣬻ʲôɡ
ԭ˵꣬ǰȥ

̧ǵͷϱȻ£ȸӡ
ðһȡ
ԕDַǳر˱ȸӡ
֣Ұ
ܣһߡּԼԕD
б㲻ҪŰָߡ
ûеţҾôվġصŽţԼԕDһߡ
ԕḐصֵļĵ˽š
֣ǱҰ
һ˵ңҺܿͻᳬ㡣
ʱ˦µʯڵˡ
ԕDʯ˸񣺡壬þò
ʯԕDʱ΢΢¡û뵽겻꾫¿ɰСޣɾƯꡣ
㳤ٰ
ʱҲ˳ʯЦ֣ò
ʯæ񣺡֣þò˵꣬ǽȥ
겻ֵûʲô仯
Ҳǡ
˲١

ԕDҲ
ֱԕDȥ䣬ġ
Ȼһֱͨţǲûм档ڼ棬˵Ȼкܶ໰Ҫ˵˵
ֱ˵赸黹ǳḻ
ԕD˵ʱʱڻӦ
ԺλҲ˵Ļ
ܻʺһһ׼šܻʺ̫ˣͰ˴֡
ȵʱţԕDǲͣŵʱǻ˵
ܻʺںԺԣûкһԡ
ʯǳ̸ڸߡ
ţʯڼԺһߺȲ裬һ߼졣
ԕDֵķ䣬˵ݷ顣
˵˵ţ˶˯ˡҺںʯ£ȻСһᱻ
ӸǺñӺʯǻصԺĳһ壬һġ
ԭԼС¶ţûйںʯɡ
գ鸦ͻڹмټңʱ鸦һǳ𾪡
ֻ΢ʯĺǹټʱı飬ͷǳ֡
ʱһҪͽ鸦һȥټҡ
ԕD˯һʱ˼˵
ֱʯļţǲŻȥ
ֲԕDߣҪҹ
ڼ״ԕD׼Բ糯
ڵÿ죬ţͳ׺ˡ
䣬ԕD־ûгȥ档
ڵ£ʼ鷨
ԕDƫͷɰ壬ƫ顣
˵鷨ֲ٣˵˭ʢһ
鷨ȻһǾͱ˭ࡣ
ֽϣԼ鶼ддʱûдֻ꣬ܵдˡ
ʱԕD׼ʱ˯ˡ
˴˵˳ȥһƬڰ
ԕDڱ˵ǵĻ˵˵ţ˾ͷˣûһ˯ˡ
˯źʯŵ˽棬ŶԷ˯Ļ棬һЦ
˸ԕDϸҴñǣ͸ʯһ˳ȥ
⺢ӳÿ
ʯͷǺÿҺ
һμ넶ô˼ϲ˿Цϧǹ
ʯһ⻰֪ʲô
ǹҲ
˵Ǽһûй˼ԕDúÿǳϲͰԕDϡѽܷˣһҪʡǻŮǿԽŮ׼ҡ
ʯ鲻޳ɵصͷ˵ʡ
˵넶ˣҲܿġ˸ܻʺһ죬ĵҲǳ˿ġ
ʯ˵Ҳˡ
صеڣȻȥ
ʱͲܻʺڴҲ˵ʯһˡ
ͨ˵ݺɵϲãǴûиܹġ
ܻʺ󻹺õ㣬ڽǰкܶѡڣ̡гӣûѡ
ս鸦ͻңʱǲһ̸ˡʵںܲʯ֪ݣʯѣݰԶʯ֪ݡ
ټңʯǸ֮ˣ˵˽ﻹǰ㵱ѡ
𣿡Цڴš
ڸܻʺ˵˺ܳһ˯¡
һ磬ԕD׼ʱʱڣϰԿڽԪɺԪءһû˽£ɻųۣԼһƬڰС
޵һƬڡ
ʱĶߴﲻɵһæ˹ȥģģһɵʱԼֵļңϳ漴һվͽ˯
ԕDٴʱ飬Ǳֽѵġ


111 
⼸, ԕDһֱһ𡣰ȥ꾩ǣסּ
ԕDֵĶԼԕDˡЩ꿴ûֶࡣ
ʱͿʼ, ԕDϲϵġ
Ըķ䣬ԕDԸ֡硱硱ǰ滹һ, Ǿǡ֡Ҳ˵ԕDΪָ硱
ָ硱ƺòᣬ֪ʵʵؽ硱û뵽Ȼָ硱, ̫ˡ
ûԕDǹġ
ԕDҪָ硱Ǹǰһ֡, ԕDʾ, ָ硱Ӧõġ
֪ԕDǹ, ֲòҪָ硱
ԕDôĵû취ֻôӦ, ָ硱˵ضԼ硱ԼԸ硱
˵ʲôֻ˵ԕD硱
ô˵, ԕD⡣
û뵽겻ԽԽˡ
ʯӱԕDĸ, ﰧ̾Լһӡ
, С硱Ͳ֮
⼸գָԕDĴ, ķǳˡͬʱ, 꾩Ǳݺˡ
ʱ, ԕDڿϣһ壬һ졣
ԕDЩĵʵ֣ʲô
գҵҪټһ㱨ݵ顣
ôˣԕDʵ㵣ټ𣿡
ǣҵҵҪټְеӶصҵ꾩ǣȥְ
ԕD룬Ȼ
ô㲻ȥأԕDؿ֣㲻ϲ𣿡
Ҫǰҿ϶͵һȥأڡ
ΪʲôˣԕDĦ°˵ѵΪ᲻ңԲȥأ
־Ȼͷţ᲻ԭ򣬻һԭ̫֡ᵽֵ̫֣˫۶ʱ̫кܶûпġ
Ҫϲֵ̫飬ҿԼĸ㰡ԕDǹô˵ġ
ô飬ôĸҰֺȻ뵽ʲôԕDðԹǲ߰
ҵȻ߰ŻҪߣһ᲻õġԕD˵ʵ
ԕDô˵ֵСʱϲҾ֪Ҳ᲻ҡ
֣꾩ǣԕDɻǰ˵Ҫα𣿡
ҵαΣ˵ɬС¶͵ĳ죬һֱĴܲǸ鰡Ӧ밲
⵹ǣǸĴܵûʲôһ˼ҸĴࡣԕD֣Ц˵û뵽㻹ͦϸĵġ
ҿһֱϸġ˫ֱ˵Ȼ˵Ըȥأ֪һֱҪ
Ȱ
ȰûãҪȥء˵ţ̾˿ȥطְΪ˽ذյ
ʯ⣬ԕDǾġĳЩ󳼲ͬʯʵݹľ١ô˵ݴһƶСسǴСسǡ
ʯĲеġı䷨ĶҲǺõģı䷨ڴЩʵʡ
˵ټҼܸɣͬȥء
ټҲͬ⣬ԵƢȥصġص̾˿ҵĸһͷţһ
ԕDȻ뵽ʲôζ˵м߲ˡ
⻰˫۷ԕDʲô飿
ҪǻУ߲ˡ
԰֮ǰ˵ҪŮΪأû־ԕDüˡ
˵ҪˣӦòܾ㡣
úúãվ͸˵Цݵ˵
һԕD˵Уȥˡ
ԶԶԡ
ּԕD壬Ȼ˵顣
ڷˣڿϴ壬ǲСİԼָˣ۵ɵؽ˳
ʯӵ۽æе飬ߵӵߣӰԼָˣЩ۵˵谵ϻǲҪˡ
ָϵѪȻʯЦЦҸոˡ
ʯóһСƿӣ˵ָͿͿҩࡣ
ʲô飿
ԥ˵Һˡ
ʯ⻰һ㶣¶ϲɫʵģ
Ķӣɫɵ˵ҲȷоԼˣֲȷ
򿴿
ͷá˵꣬뵽һ飬¶յ˵ҪĻˣǾ߲ˡ֪ʯλ꾩ְٴȥְĻˣͲܸһ·ˡ
ĻˣǾ꾩ǡʯ֪ʲôοͺҪߣҪŮ
ʯô˵ͷġ
ĻˣҲϣǸŮ
ʯͷ˵Ůá˵꣬ȥ˸ڵķ䡣
ּȻһ䱸ʵʲô
һؿʯʮ뻹Ůá
һ磬Ҫְƻܻȥ
һ⻰ŵʵôˣﲻ𣿡
ҪǲھȥҴ򡣡
ԶԶԣھȥ˵ž˿ҪȥҴ
ʯֵֹпҪˡ
ʲô־е
ԕDҲһ𾪣ողŸֳ⣬иãʯͲû뵽ͳˡ
С֡ʯһ磬ȥ֪𣿡
ͷ˵֪ˣһͰѴ
ʯ飬ͻԼ˷ˡ
תͷԲһ˫ۿԕDʲô찡ǰ˵ͻˡ
ԕDЦ϶ˡ
һѱסԕDȻıҪˣ
ԕDֵܵϲãҲˡ
ǰҪˡҲҪãϧһûõ
ӷ䴫Ļϲ̲סһʯҪûлϣ넶׸һ
ʯʮƶ˵һˣŮ
̵ģ㼪ԡ
һ磬ʯȥ˹
ʵƷףûʸְġڵҪְҡʱûϳֻܵ˳ټ
˳󣬵֪ʯͽˣïʵʯ
ʯȴïʵ룬ͺƤһȥˡ
ʯïʵ󣬵ͷ߽񣺡ʯټҡ
ɡ
ʯº͵÷ǳ죬
лټҡʯֱӻóӡ
ïʵ״ùӣȻݸڡ
鸦˵˵ɡ
ȵȣǡ֡
ʯ͵̧ͷڡ
ĺʱ˴סˡ
վһԵʯ⸱Ŀɹı飬ֻ÷ǳȤ
ڱʯ⸱ı鶺Цˣ鸦㲻ʶ𣿡
ʯ־Ȼǹټң


112 
, ־ͰԕDק
ԕDûˢûϴͱȥҴ
ּǲԶһҽݣҽá
ôûŰ̧ҽݽյĴ, ûڰ
ԕDһ, һߴŹǷŵ˵, ϶ûŰ
תͷԕD, ͸ÿ𣿡
ԕD⻰, ǳ͸һۣ˭ҵ̻ʱţҲҪʱɡ
ô죬볽ʱءƲƲ˵Ϊҽ˾ͻῪš
ôܣԕD²۵, ҽҿġ
Ҳҽͷ˵, ô죿
Ȼؼңҽݿ, ⼸ûϳ˯ͻȻˡҺûȥ˯
ǲȥˣǾſڵţ˵ܿͿˡ˵ţҽſڵĽ
ǰ, Ҫȣ
ص˵ͷҾţȿ, ҾͰѴȥ
ҪһʱԕDַˡ
˵һʱֺĵ˵϶Ὺš
ԕDַ裺, Ȼȥˡת׼뿪, ֱ۾ͱסˡ
, һȡ˵ţҪԕDһڽ
ԕDȻܾҲŲɵɵصȣҪȣҲȡ
һѱסԕD㻹ǲҵĺֵܣֵҪһȡ
ԕDȥֵ֣Ҳĺֵܣſҡô죬ҽſڵһʱǷ˾ɵˡ
ҵĺֵܣһȡرסԕDߡ
ûеҽݿţͻᶳԕD˵ҪҿɲҪ
ϾҪˣҵȵȡ
ҲȡյԕDĶ֣ԕDܿ֡Ⱦͱֱסˡ
ڵϣ˫ֽԕD˫ȡ
һȡ
ȸӡԕDﱬһֿڣ鵰ˣҪصϡ֣ҷſ
ţţǲţ
㲻ţ˰
ԕDû֣ͼ
ǳң
һû㣬ʲô
һȰɡ
仰ħһԕDĶһֱ졣
ԕDַУֻôӦˡ
ǣִ֣ͷűҽſڵĽϵȡ
꾩ǵĶ̫ˣԕDı鶼ˡ
ҺãԕDûȶã˰ʱҽݾͿˡ
ʺõĴϰԼţհǿˣͱСˡ
˿̣ʺõĴϸظ˰
ԕDվһԣŵؿŴ
ָ˰һֱźӡ
һ֡ţվ˵ϲϲˣ
һ⻰˵϶¶ϲɫ
ġ
ˣѾһ¡
ҿϲشеҪˣ˵꣬ͱԕD
ԕDһҪˣ
ҲЦݣҪŮ˰
ǳֱ˵ˣŻһ£ʱﲻŮ
ֺԕDͬ˵һã
ԕDȻ뵽ˣƿ֣˵ʲôҪû⣬費ҪЩʲô
ԕDôʣæͷ˵ԶԶԣҪעʲô
ôи̲סЦ˵Ӻܽûʲô⣬иҪಹҰҪעʵֺҪĶд
ԕDæмлл򡣡
ǳεذһждֹˣд˲ٶиܳԵĶ
ߵʱ򣬴ˣÿȥҽݰһ
˱ʾÿȥҽݰ
ԕDְѴͻҽݣҶԸղһµǸ
Ҳ֪ǹңûǵТ˳
ո˵ˣиˮãھȥˮɡ
Ҫ⡣ԕD˵Ҫһֻĸ
ԶԶԣھȥ򡣡
ԕDһס֣ʵ֪𣿡
˵֪֪𣿡
ô֪
ô죿
ԼɡԕDЦ˵ȥˮɡ
á
ȥ̯ˮֶûǮȻ˾ˡ
ԕDǴǮģΪԪǰæǮ֣ҲûдǮϰߡûǮֻÿֶء
ȥˣ
ԕDʵʵ˵˵ˮûǮֻܻػˡ
ֺܲ˼˵Ҳ֪ĸ
ӵĻǳжľ͹ˡ˵꣬վ˵ڻûг緹ϿȥԷɡ
ʲô
ձࡣ
̫ˡ
ûһԕD˾ڲǰ
ԕD࣬ȻԼûˢûϴ类
˼ԕDɫȻ÷ǳѿ¶ֵɫŵֹ꣬ĵʵôˣǲҭˣ
ԕDع˺ְЦЦû£Ҿûˢûϴ˵꣬¶һȿ޻Ҫѿı顣ҪˢҪϴ
˵ϴҲ١
ԕDˢˢϴβŻصǰ緹
ߣԕDǿĵس緹Ǳߣȴǳ΢
鸦㲻ʶˣڻǳƤضʯգգۡ
ʯ֣ô㣿
ȵȣǰʲôλû?
Ϊʲôֻ˹ټң
Ұǰ̧ʯļ򣬡ûŵɡ
㡭
վһԵҲ̲סЦ˳ټңʧˡ
û¡
ʯתͷӹ̣Цʲô
鸦㡭ûмô±ƵģûУһο鸦ôʧ̬ӡ̲סٴЦ˳
ӹ̣һ¡ʯһ˵
֪ʯôҪΪʲôɵִ˺һơ
鸦۲ۣ
ʯԼЩ˵ۡ
ǾͲΡһμʯô۸ĺ۸ǣټڳ۸
ʯԣԲ˫ۿڣ֣ǹټң
ٰ˵仰ԕDһ
ʯܵⱲġŵ˵Եġ
ڼʯһֵر飬ĵʵ鸦ŵˣ
ʯعǳӣǳֱ˵ŵˡ
ïʵӽʯ
鸦Ǹһֱû˵ҵݡ
ʯ׼վ˵̧ʾ
ǰżȻʶ㣬ܺΪ˴򶯣ҺһʡЦ˵Һܸʶ㣬ҺΪѡ
ʯ⻰¶Ծɫټҡ
Ʋټҵݣͨ˺Ϊѣһĵ顣⻰˵÷ǳģһֱҵݣ֪ҵݣٺѡ˵꣬ʯǸǸҵݡ
ټңҡڸղŵĻ˵ʯǳж
ʯһֱһֱĵĲǰѱ˴˵ѣĵġ
ʯڻǳ±ĺǹټңﲢûйڡ
ټңûй㣬ҾǳԾû뵽һʯ˿̾Ȼ÷ǳ档
ûй𣿡
ûУûУҲһֱΪ֪
һ˵ټң鸦дŵʱһֱᵽҫ
ҫʲôںʵ
ҫðǳϸ͸˵˵ʯҫ顣
һһ㶵ģû뵽ʯǰôҿЩ˼ˡ
ʯȴûа㲻˼һֱ׳ı顣
־ôá
ʯ˷ǳ̡ôãͺ޲ȫµ˶֪ĺֵĺá
һֱڸҫ֡


113 
ʯһ, ӻָ˵ټңȸְɡ
ã˵ɡ˲лʵ۵״̬
˵, ʯڵ̬ȶǳ档
Ȼ֮ǰʯ˵ݵ, ǻкܶಢû˵
ҲʯÿдĄ, ǄдǴ, ûдĺܾ塣
ʯλְ, ǰ飬޾ϸظڻ㱨
÷ǳ棬ʱʱЩ⡣
ְ㱨϶һǻ㱨ġ
ʯһš
ǾһĻ, ʯǹټһûôľˡ
ŵʱ, ڰʯѣǵӡ, ʯҲѣûаټҡ֮ǰʯԷһ
ΪߣΪԹߣܵںʯ֮顣
ţʯڻ㱨ʱû˵˽¡
ֱʱ, 㱨Ž
ùžͷǳʶȤˡ
ʯȿڲɤӣ鸦, ķǳãΪ, Ϊټ, ҶΪе
ܡټ, лл㡣
˽£㻹ǼְɡڷеĲյ˵鸦˽£һϣѣ𣿡
ʯǳˬ˵ȻԣֻҪټҲ
ҵȻЦݣ鸦˵ģܺΪѣĺܸˡ
ټңҲܸˡʯʶһֱҪõ֮һڣɹټңܸı֮Ĺϵ
֮ǰ֪ҵݣ룬ڷˡ
ټң˽»Ǻѡʯ⻰˵÷ǳֿ
ã˽»ǺѣھԼ̫ˣܺʯΪѡ
̫ӵˣʯ뵽ԕD
ԡ
ʯЦѹô
넶֪DDݣȥҪҪ
ԼְɡʯټһôĶҲñ̫ӵһţȻֻһ˱ŵ̫ƽˡ
һ⻰֪ʯڴʲô⡣
ǸӰ
һ˽£˵¡
鸦ϣ꾩أ
ʯ뵽ӻˣʺȥأͷ˵ټңԸ꾩
ڼʯôˬӦǳĲ죺Ը
Ը⡣
һΪȥء׼һӵĻȰ˵ʯû뵽Ųó
˵ʵȥأ⡣ʯ˵꣬Ҳ̲סϲ⣬Ҫˡ
𣿡Ϣʯеģϲ㰡鸦
ллһŮʵʯҲһֱҪŮ
Ц϶Ůġ
ʱˣʯһֱڹ
ߵʱ͸ٶǸиӵĲƷҩġ
ʯҲû󷽷
ȻڸʯźְλԕD֮ǰ飬ʯȥ̲
ʯֱԺ֪졣ϳˡ
ڻȥ·ϣһֱЦʯڸĿɹı顣
ЦʯһҲұʾʱķӦ
鸦֪ǹټˣôʵԺôԹټң
ʯһ޴⡣ĺѷϣͲˡ
ϣǹټңǳ˽£˵ҵĺ֡
бʯܰѹټҼѣ
ʯʵΪʲôܣ
ǿǹټҡ
ǹټôˣʯ̫ľȣεɷ涨Ӳܺ͹ټô
⵹ûУû˸Һ͹ټѡ
ʯ°ͣһ˵Ҿ͸ҡ
鸦Ҳ˼˵׻˵úã黢ټվǹټңͨˣҪ˽º͹ټѣҪŭ˹ټңô죿
ӹ̣УټǸʲôˣ
⻰ʵһ㶣ЩĪ˵ڸ˵ģ㲻Ҫ⡣
ôùټǸϲŭ޳˰
ûУϹ˵ɫһӱ÷ǳ࣬ټǸʾ
Ȼ֪ټʾΪʲô˵ֻʯ޷뷨Һ͹ټĺѣҲΪ֪ǹټңͺԶǲƽͬʱҲ|顣
⻰˵ƿԣ鸦㡭
ӹ̣֪ڵʲôŹټҡʯŵЦЦҲҿ˵۹⡣
ʯô˵Ҳ˵ʲôˡ
鸦ͺá
ʯЦЦӹ̣зִ硣
⻰㲻ˡ
Ҿͷˡ˵꣬пû뵽͹ټҳΪѡ
ʯ˵ԼҲû뵽
ܺ͹ټҳΪѵģǵһˡʯĴָԕDѧġ
˵Һ͹ټҺԵ֡ʯ룬ѹǰһμֵʱ򣬾;̸£һôѧʶԨԭǹټҡ
ʯĻᵽˣһ˵鸦ҵһηͦҪġ
ʯбһӹ̣Ǽʣ
ָָԼһŵı飺Ҽʣ
ԣǼʡ
ûС
С
Сһţ
ԕDҲûлȥֱ
ʯصҼԕD񡣲漴뵽ֻ֪ԕDݣסˣûԕD
ԕDʯɫػʲô鶼ûзһ¾֡
ʯ϶ˣȻôʯôô򾲰
֪Ļˣʯǳˡ
˼ûôಹƷͲҪΪʯģһǮ
ǹټʹ͵ġ
ټʹ͵ģ
Ҹټ˵ҪˣʱȥأټҾʹЩ
⡭̫ллܼˡ
ټʹ͵ģҪúóԡʯ룬УʱͲӣǹټһ¡֪ŵ
һúóԵġټʹ͵Ĳҩﲻҳԡ
ʯĵʵô˵
˵Ӻãλûʲô⡣˰ֺԕDһȥҴһ¸ʯ˵ˡ
ʯ˺˵СТ˳˵꣬ӵĶӣɫ˵ʱ꾩úõذѺ
áЩһֱɷĴܣһֱҪܰǳ̤ʵҲǳҸ
ڷԕDڿ顣
ʯ˽¶ӵͷ¸˵
Ŷҹȥ
뿪ʯæԕD˸񣺡̫ӵ¡
ԕD΢΢£漴ַʯ壬ңҲʲô̫ӵ£Ҳʲôӣ㻹ǽɡ
ʯ˵á
壬ҵʱŵ˰ɣ
ŵˣŵòᡣ
壬ҵһֱܸܺΪѣҲǳϧǵ飬֪ݣҪǸԶˣѹġ
˽£ǻǺѡ
ԕDԣͷˡ
ҵһˡ˵꣬뵽֣壬ҵݣʱҪ֡
ûдҲûдʯ˵꣬˵һ䣬Լ֡
ڻУ֪ǵݿ϶ᱻŵ̥ãԲǶԵġԕDͷ˵֣Լְɡ
ӣʱֵᷢġʯһҲ
ûһ־ͻˣȻ󲻿ذʯķ˳ȥҪǿ顣
ȵϳԷʱʯǰһԴԕDԕDЩ档
ʯǸˬˣΪ֪ԕDݣͻСŤŤ


114 
ùź, ԕD˶
ϱûʲôֻּ䣬ţֻܴڼʯϴ, ûӶ档Ȼ, ˭˾ֽ
, һ, ʲô㣿
ֳüؿеƣʲôáԕD⣬һʱûзӦ˵ʲôʲô㣿
ȻʲôԕD˵, 㲻һֱڼɡ
?ҵȻһֱڼ氡, Ҫˡ
ȥ飬ȥĸ飿
, 飬һȻ˵Ŷ
Ҳ԰, ø¡˵, վȥ鷿ʯ
ԕDһ֪ģ㲻Ҫңһֱû顣
ֶе, ЩΪЦЦ⼸̫, û顣
ԕD
뵽ʲô, ˫ԕD, 鰡
ҲǸ߹, ڼҶô
Ŷ, ֮ǰ˵ڼҶ顣˵, Һһɡ
һ飿ԕDЩ, Ҫһ鰡
ͷţҪһ顣Ҫһ飬Ǿһˡ
ԕDô˵ؿһۣȷ
ҵȻȷԕDɫЩŹ֣ͷ΢΢һ̽Եؿʵ㲻һ鰡
ҵȻһ飬㡭˵ԕDͻȻͣ
ʲôͷʺš
ԕDô˵ᱻŵ
ŵΪʲôᱻŵ⣬漴뵽ʲô΢òǳɡ
϶ġԕD˵ǶҵҪܸߣԽҶǳϸ񡣡
ǣ¶㲻ֹһм
ܶ࣬ÿ̵ݲһԕD;ʷӼҾкü
ܲôʲôһ˵ֻͥһ̵Ӷ顣ߣһΪʦΪһֻһ
Ϊҵҵǳߣúܶҡ
ܲǳУû뵽ܲô
ܲǶӳ
ĸϣгϢɡ˵ʹǶϣĳ
ʱʯ˽
ʲô뷨ʯֱӿӣżɽʵȥ飿ʵʯѾӰźˡӹ̵̽Ӷ顣ӹڽѧǷǳļܵܶһ̵ֽģҸǳ
һ顣𣿡
شʯǳ⣬ͬʱ֮С΢΢£漴ʵһ飿
ֿ϶صͷţкöȥDDûϵ𣿡
ʯûлش⣬ԕD
ԕD΢΢ЦЦ˵Һֺһ飬Ҫͬͬ⣿
ʯȻͬ⣬鲻ġ
Ҫһ飬ҵܲͬͬ⡣
ֺŵ˵ܲһͬģϾôԣҶҲǳ
ǿɲһʯбһĶӣܳ˵ܲ顣
ô˵ŭˣﳳˣ
ʯЩŶӣھͺܳ
ôôĵ
ʯٴӣ뿪ˡ
̫ˣ̫ˣ˵ţһĽԕDܲãºУҵϴ裬˵
Ҿ廹ͦõġ
æҡͷãһ㶼á
ԕD²ʯĶС
ԕDĬĬͬһ֡
ʯΪףû¾ϲ棬ըѡ
ܲͲôɣ
ᣬҵ|ҡԕD룬ɰͰ͵ذοֵÿ۰ӵķʽͬ۰ķʽ
ߺߵԸҪ
Ȼһ飬Һ˵˵ҵǰɡ
ãڳһϴģ
ҵĵһѧʶԨŸ߰˶д£ʮͿ˽ʿ
ԕDĻû˵꣬Ͱֵľˣʲôд£ʮͿнʿ
ԣҡ
˵
ԕDȸ˵˵⣬˵ŷޣٽ˵͡ˡ
ԕD˵Ŀɿڴ
ǽҾʷӼǣн黭յԕDϸؽ黭յ
һŵ÷ǳ
ԕDЩϧֱмͺˣֱֵ
ܲо
ԕDͷţ
ʵǴ˼ң԰ɣ
㲻֪ô
ҾұĻҪ󡣡
϶Ĵ󡣡ЩŵģԕDϷʵҸһˣ
ôܣֺȻһŹ˵ôҸҪһˡ
ԕDЦ㵹ǻռˡ
ֺٺٵЦֵܵı˲ռײռ
аɣռֻҪ㵽ʱ¾ͺá
ʲô־ԼСˣҵĵӿûôС
ҵšԕDЦЩ⡣
ôЦЩհ
ԕD޹գգۣЦĺ
ȵȣܲò᲻Ӧɣ
ӦûӦԕD˵ֲ꣬㵽ʱҪڰ
ҷʲô
ڸһ顣
ҲŲᡣ
˵ġԕDû˵⣬תƻ˵һ֡
ð
ʱԕD˵ûؼˡ
᲻ԕD
Ҵ˺üˣҲûؼˡԕDԵٲؼҶ飬Ҫˡ˵꣬˵죬ƾܺһˣڼ㡣
ðٻؼҡ
С
գ컹ûʯͳǰӽҪϳˡ
糯ڿڻӭʯ
Ҳǳӭʯ
ʵвٴ󳼺ʯĲŻ˵⡢岩ŷǡ
֮ǰ岩һֱƼʯһֱȰ˵ʯ꾩ǡʯ꾩ǣǳˡ
糯ûʲô飬ܿ³ˡ
³ǰ岩ŷǴʯϤ»
ڻصûãܻʺˡ
֪˻УܻʺΪѣȻҪȥ£˳ԕDӻ
ûзԲܻʺȥˣԽǱܻʺ󣬲ܻʺܾˡ
ܻʺȥ˵ʱ򣬴˲ٲٲƷһЩСӵ
û뵽ܻʺôණǳж
ܻʺ·ǸСʱ򴩹·ССʱô·Ϊ·ҪȾ·ӲСϣ˺Сӽ۵Ƥ
׼дŻң˰æŮӵľ·û뵽ܻʺôϸĵˡ
ȻǸСʱ򴩵ľ·޳УǺӡ
Ҳֱܻʺл
ʯѾ岩Ϥ˻Ȼȥ̲
ȵ磬ҪԕDһһ¡æȥڣ˵¡
ڵȻԣ෴ǳ޳ɡ
֪£̫ӵµİ


115 
ּź, ԕD͸ܻʺ뿪ˡ
ǰԕDֵļ˵죬ҵ㡣
ص˵ͷţڼҵҡһ뵽, ܺһ, ͷǳȸԾ
С, ֶһ˶顣ʵ, ֮ǰвСһ飬ЩС̫ٺһ顣
Щһֱʯ顣
ʯ, ڽ̵ⷽ, Ƿǳ档Ȼٲ˶ʹü
Ϊʯļ, ЩŻԽԽࡣ
˵ԕDһ, ԸԕDһ顣
ʵ, һֱϣһһ飬һ档ȻԕD, ֮ǰһֱ, ܺԕDһ, һ档, ҪʵԸ, ͷȻǳڴ
ԕDôڴһ, Щ, ס, ûиݣԼ֡
ڻعţϣܻʺֵ˵ӵСԴҪŵô죿
ҾЦСԕDЦķǳԼ˵µġ
ܻʺεЦ㰡軵軵ġ
ҿûָһ飬ԼҪһģҲǳȫԕDΪԼ⣬ңŻ֪ҵݣȴⲻ֣Ӷӵĵ
ԸӻǡһԩҰ
݋ݣԼҲûи𣿡
ڻУҪǸҵݻŵܻʺ˵Ѻٸҵݡ
ڴֿҵķӦԕD;ûǳ棬̲סЦ˳
⸱Цģܻʺ֡
ڹֻ֪ᷢʲô飬ϲãﻹӡ
һô˰˴Ȥʵ
Ȼˣһֱһ顱ϲ˵Ҹ˵һֱһ飬һ棬ǰѶ̫Ƕңҡ
һСĸ˵˲ǰС֮䷢顣
˺ǳѹΪûз֡Լĸ̫ʧˣȻûвЩ顣
ǰô˵
ʲô˵ģǲһ飬һһ顣ƲƲ˵Լ鲻еģֻἵ˵ûҪύ
ֶʵ̫ĺӣ϶
˵һĺӣǻԕDʱ򶼾Լ֡
ԕD˵ţѲô˵
һ˺ŽѣֻᱻŴʺõĻŵĴ»ԽŬʲõĻͻἵţŵš
ֲڶţ˼ǳϸ塣˶Ǻ⣬Ƕ⣬ܸо
֮ôϲԕDһԕDһйͬ⡣ԕDĸѣûдκ⡣
ԕDһַǳģҲǳ
Ҫ֪һܶ㣬Ĵˣ̫ѵˡ
Ӧø˵һֱȰ˵ӳȥύѣһ档
ûʲô˵ġ˵ڲôкܶ飬Щ鶼ǸģǸһ顣ңЩ涼ǴĿģ˭ͺˡ
ôãӶǰ⣬Ҳûѹ΢΢˿
Ȼáָͷ˵ԕDŵ㣬úÿһһ
˵˺ܶԕDŵ㡣
ԕD˺һ𾪣ΪԼ֪Լôá
˼ôϲԕDˡ
㲻𣿡
Ȼá⺢ֽΪµĺӡ
Ҳ˵ˣȥʰ顣˵꣬ıػصԼķ䡣
ȵʯˡ
ֳ嵽ʯǰ˫
ܲӦ𣿡
Ӧˡʯѵû׽Ūӣһ͸һȥ
ΪʲôҪһȥֲ˵컹ûˡ
Ҳ޳ɣǣ넶ȥˣǼҵ˻ûѣǴôˡ
֪ģԼȥ
Ҳǰĵطպһȥʯݾܾ㵽ˣҲˡ
ôʲô
Ϊ˭һô˼컹ûˡ
ļٵģôû˵
Ҳˣô𣿡
ʯûлش⡣ΪԕDô磬ȥ飬ȥϳ
һ·
ԶԶԣ넶ôƯһ㡣˺Ȼ뵽ʲôæʵҪҪ׼һЩ͸
á
ⲻ̫ðɡ
ѾǴкˡʯʶŷǵģվ͸˵ӼΪ̫ӵ°һ£ǵȻǳӭϣһڷ¥ǳԷ
ʯźˣ˾Ͳˡ
ˣһʵײף
ʯûлش⣬һض˵һ飬ȷҪһ飿
ȷ
ڣ
ڡΪʲô󲻺ڡ
Ȼһ飬Ǿͺúöʯǳһǳ
ҵȻúö顣ڶϣǷǳġ
ʯ⻰ûٶ˵ʲô
쵽˵طɲҪ¡
ʲôϻҲҪ£֡
ûϻ˯첻Ǿͳ
֪ˡҰˣôû˵
һ˽Ǹӳ
ʱʯѵÆ£쵽ԕDһҪعأҪԼһС
֪ԕDǴ˼ң²Ǽҿ϶кܶء¡
ʲô˼Ұ˺ʵ
˼ңҷǳкܶء
ʯһӺͶӣζ˵ҲǶ࣬ҷǳɭϡ
˸룺ѵȨ󡭡
Էʯû˵顣
ΪԼˣʮ𾪡뵽ԕDһҵ̸ºȣ־Ȩ˼ңһҲһ
ʯ͸ȥ˯
һʼΪԼ˯ţû뵽һ˯ˡ
ڷ˰˵Ƿʯ˵˵
ʯ˺󣬲⡣
Լ⣬ʲô
֪˼ɷһһȣ넶˵
û˵
㿴ˣô˵
ʲô˵ģСʱҲ
ˣðɣ׵ˡ
넶ȥҶûϵ𣿡
ʲôϵʯ͸һ񣬡㻹Ųһ𣿡
넶һ鷳
ᣬǺϲ넶
ԣ㳹װˡ
넶ܸܺһ顣
ʯߣϣ컹ܸˡ
һʯ˯ˡ
ʱ˯еֱʯק
ֵһô磬ڼ緹͸ʯһţ
ǴӼʱ컹Ǻڵġ
ţûã־Ϳʯ˯ˡ
ȵ˹ſڣʯǳؾ˾ӵĶ䡣
رѣص㾾Ҷʲô
ˣ³ʯ˵꣬Լţ
ֱŶ䣬ţ
鸦ʯ˹넶Ҳ˰
塣ֹɵشк
ʯŷˣǰȥк
Ķӣŷ´֣Ц˵źܻ顣
Щˣǰôһ¡
Ӧôȥ

Ϊʲôô൱ٵģ
ݼŷ
ִذʯ˵ģԹԵظŷ񣺡ŷѧ
պ̫ӵ߶Ҫġŷ޶
ǡȵȣպ̫ӵ߶飿ʲô˼
ʯִȥݼͺǡ
ִһʼ±ƣڵ𾪡
⵽ô£
ʱŴˡ
˹Ҫ˵ԹԸߡ
ǣֻ˵ʲôǣŽ˹
ΪʲôҪ
ҪȥҰ
˹־͸ܵһŨŨϣͷɵطĵӿһĨη塣
ԕDڴƫſڵ֡
Ǽ̫ӵ£Ȼ׷
㶵ظʯһ
ɡ
ֵĶ䶯˶
ԣôڹ
һˡ
ԕD֣˹ȥͷŵ濴̧ļ
֡
͵̧ͷ漴۾㵵ؿԕD
㡭㡭ô
ԕDЦе˵Ҽҵġ
ҡȵȣﲻǻʹ˵ʹңǡ
һ㤵ԕDһЦ֣˸㣬һһݣǾ̫ӡ
֣
ʲô
̫ӣ
ʯһŴģʮοӦŶԡ
ǸиͬͬȻоһš
ִˣͰ͵˵̫̫̫̫̫ӡ
ԡԕDǽ˹ǽܵҸ넣ӽһ顣
̫ӵ£ոѾˡ
ʱԪ˹
£糯Ҫʼˡ
ԕDͷѾ״֡
֣ҴҪȥϳȸԪȥҡ˵ֶ꣬Ԫ˵ȥ
ǣ¡
ԕḐֵļ򣺡ԹڶҰ˵꣬Ŵȥϳڷҵ֡


116 
ִ㶵ظԪ
ԕD֮ǰԸԪ, ׼ЩóԵĵġ
ԪվһԣִسŵģģЩ, Щ, ̲סЦ˳
˫۷ſ, ˫ŵģͷĬĬسŵġ
ԪɼһֱԵ, ûȲ裬ᱻҭ, ǳĵظһ衣
, ò衣
⻰̧ͷһԪɣȻֻеؽӹյͷ˼Ȳ衣
ַеĲյûٳԵġ
ӣĲθ𣿡ԪûٳԵˣЩŵʵ, ϲʲôģС˸
ոճ˺üģֺ˲裬ֳԱˡ֮ǰܵľţرƽˡһƬհ׵Ĵ, ʱҲǡ
һ, , ԪʵǶ𣿡
Ԫû뵽ֻ, ӻûлع
, Ƕ
̫𣿡֪Լ޴һ顣
ǵġԪɲûΪֽԕDС֣Ϳѵ
ֵ˫۵ʱɵ÷ǳ󣬻Щŵ˵Ȼ̫ӡ
Ԫֱûеʵӣðɣ
ֻعû£ҪһȻҪһ仰ҲǸԕDѧġֳŶͷʼйصһС
Ǵˡָǣôǰ飬ͷ־кܶ˿
ѹ֮ǰһֱ²£󲻺ڣ
ԭΪԭ
ȵȣе
Ҳ֮ǰ⡣
֪ݣȴⲻ
͵վҧгݵؽе
ԪɼһðɵģǵǣСؿڵӣû°ɣ
žһСͨ죬˫ŭ
쵰
ԪʯǳԾ
๫ʲôô治
ԽԽֺ̧ݺݵشӡ
Ϊ̫Լֶˡ
ӴֱǳʹرԼ֣ش˴
Ԫɼ״ϽȥֿЦ
̫ɰˡ
ӣû°ɣ
û¡ֺۡ
ӣʲôʵ𣿡Ԫɻָһӣ̫ӵ˵ˣʲô⾡Сˡ
⻰΢΢£ȷкܶҪʣһʱ֪һ
һɡ
ԪٴֱԕDС˵ӣС֪͵Ǻѣ棬ǲҪֱ̫ӵµСȽϺãȻ˵̫ӵ£鷳ġԪ֮㣬ҪΪá
Ԫɵ˼̵ܽص˵ͷ˵öԣԺעġһӱޱȵ̫ӵ£һʱ϶ϰߡ
ӣҪҪٳЩģ
ҡҡͷ˵ˡ
Ԫ룬ûһ˾һȽϺá
ӣʲôԸܽСˣС˾ſš˵꣬˳ȥ
Ԫ˳ȥ־ſϣŬԼĺֵ̫ӵһ¡
ԕDϳ
ˣԽԽࡣУŵĸ̡
ʱȻ߳У˸񣺡ټңбҪࡣ
ͷʾ˵
ټңʱձһֱĺɹɧţɱ˲ٱĽʿͰաÿ궬ʱ򣬱Ͳĺɹɱᡣĺɹкܶط֣ճɲǺܺãǽɧű֡
ʱ䱱ܵ𺦣ǳϸظڻ㱨
ʱ䣬ĺɹѾɱ˱ĽʿͰճһǧˡ
Ļ㱨ɫ
ܿд󳼳˵ʡ˵κĺɹǩԼ顣
ۣⷬԕDʮֻ󣬺޲ǰЩ˼š
ʾ˵ĶʵĻȥʵ
ʹô˵вٴ󳼾Σ
ԕDȥˣתĿؿǼˣ죡
⼸󳼱ԕDǳŵˣԹԵر졣
ǶȵԕDһֱԕD糯Ϻܰ˵𣬾ǿ˵٣ǽ̫ӵȴˡ
ҪǸΣ۾ԕDϬؿ֪࣬࣬۾ʲô³𣿡
֪ǳ˵̫ӵ£ûΣ˵Ķʵ
ĺɹڱɱӣΪ󳼣ıϰյȴֻںǲڿʣԕD˵ﻹûϰգ˵ѹϰյһ仰ԕD˵ķǳ
һӱ÷ǳոǼ󳼵ͷ˵һ仰
ÿ궬죬ĺɹɧűڱɱӶᣬǵһ֪𣿡ڳϴˣԕDЩĳԽʧ˵ĺɹʹǩԼɧűҪǲţھȥȥûбɧţǸȥ𣿡
ǵȻȥ
ʵÿ궬죬ĺɹɧűֻǲûеһ¡Ϊ֪ĺɹٱ¹Ρ
ǲǾĺɹٱ¹ξ´󼪣ԕDؿһĴ󳼣ǲǾĺɹɧűֻСС֣һǧʿͰղʲô飬ǲǣ
ԕDʣûд󳼸һش
ǲǱĺɹ̲ˣҲûʲô
ǰСĵ˵̫ӵϢŭ
󳼷׷׸̫ͣӵϢŭ
ڼòᣬҲæ̫
ԕDǰ˸񣺡ټңһֱűĺɹɧű̫ˣ಻ڱǱ䱾ڱɱᡣټϣĺɹвٵطճɲãֻһʼ
ʼ
ĺɹԽԽ֣Ǻпܳõ಻ڣ򱱾
˵ټң̫ӵԼǣҲĺɹô˻ᱱ
ټңǴҪķߣĺɹռ죬ô¹ָտɴ
̫ӵ£ǴκġɹԼǲṥεġ
Ǿǡ
̫ӵµĹˡ
ԕD⻰Цж棬ĺɹʵʵԼЩĳǴˣƫƫȴϷԼͲ˵ᡣ
ǲҪ˵ɧűЩ˺ɹԼģûܵκԕDؿŴǣ룬޲ɼ
⻰˵ôҭסˡ
ټң̫ӵ˵ûпܷǲò
΢΢ף̫˵Ķԣǲò
ټңõصرĺɹ˾Ͳ
״æټңԸص
ͺһ۱˴ˣ漴˳Уټңʹص
ͷҲ׷׸顣
˵Ȼ㼴̻ص
ǣټң
ҪغñҪĺɹ۸İա
ǣټҡ
ԕD࣬ɫǳ˵࣬ϰյİΣͽˡ
̫ӵ·ģػñĺɹ۸գ
ãǴνʿеģԕDָ˵佫ĳػղӦ飡


117 
˳, ԕDûмŻضǸȥ˸
ڼӻ̧ļ򣺡޲õرô, ô
ԕDŭ˵Щ, £һӦȻǹĽʿϰյ, ԵࡣԽ˵ԽǵʿϰյҪ, Ҫ̨
ڸ, պ̫ӵ仰
ԕDЦȻһֱ֪ĳɲ佫, ڹҰȫǰĳ֧佫û뵽ǲûСߵ, ЩĳǲǴεİΣҪ, ϰյҪ, Ҫǲ佫Ȩ
ſڵķͶ˵һμ̫ӵôһֱ, ̫ӵ¶еˣ˵, ػҲ̫ӵ˵
΢΢üͷ˵̫ӵµıİգǼô˵, Ȼ
岩˵̫ӵ¸òΪеĳǼһɣ
վںʯ˵, ̫ӵ˵úã
ԶһԕD
ԕDӹյ, ͷ˼ڲ, ŭЩ
еĴ󳼶
д󳼶Ǽ, ǴˡԕD˵꣬˵ҿĺɹ˻Լ¹εĴ󳼺ܶࡣ
⻰û˵
Ϊ˵öԡ
ЩĳƽʱܴôôԕD⻰˵÷ǳǰ£Ĳ¹ΣǾȻΪһֽԼһֱƽ
仰׷¶ɵɫ
ǰĲ¹Σôһ£ôûټ˵
ԕD˵üƣ͹ˡ
ļıʱ¹Ρ̾һ˵ĺɹò
ֻеĺɹ꾩⣬ЩǲŻ֪һֽԼûáԕD뵽ֻڶڸôһضˡ
ھ㵵ʵˣ
ֻڶҡ
ǺǱŵˣúðοһ
ԕD뵽֮ǰĿɹı飬̲סЦ˳ھȥο
߳
̫ӵ¡
ɡ
л¡
æ˵£еĳӡ
ԕD֪˵ʲôִ̧Ļ
֪ǲˡ˵ʵղ糯Ϸ飬ĺҲҷǳʧ
¡
ǽȥɣȻضˡԕDú˵ʲôת뿪˸
Ǽ΢΢üͷ
뿪ЩԕDͿĵغ
Ԫؼ״ǳԾ£˰
ˡԕD˵ղ糯ϣ
£ûҪΪЩԼӡ
ǲܱյԕDϵЦݣɫ÷ǳ£Ȼһֱ֪ʲôˣû뵽ǱлҪ̫ʧˡ
£ǲϣͲʧ
⻰˵ĺãԺҶǾͲκϣˣʡұ
Ԫشתƻ˵֣£Ǳŵˡ
һ뵽֮ǰı飬ԕD;úֺЦߣϿȥ˵꣬ͼӿ˽Ų
ʱѾԼĺֵ̫ӵһ¡
ԕD˸ջصʹؽе֣֣֣
ԕDĽּæ˳
ԕDֵ߽ɫƽˣȤ侲𣿡
ֺݺݵصԕDǹģǲǣ
ֻԕD΢΢£漴Цݵ˵԰ҾǹģǲǺܾϲ⣿
ɭɭؽе˵꣬ͳԕD˹ȥ
˾ʹ
ֲԕDĶ֣ܿˡ
ԕD§ֵĲӣĴȥ
Ӷ
ҳ˵ģ
ҲҳԵ㶫ԕDԼĶ˵һûš
ԪͲúš
ԕDһţһߺ졣
֮ǰǲǱŵˣ
͸ԕDһۣ˵ء
 ܵŵıһģһǸӡ
ᵽ־һӻ𣺡Ǹ쵰֪ȴⲻңΪľܵš
ϲˣǹⲻģ
ôУôĵ
һֱ㣬ֲǲ֪
УһҪҵ
ô
ûá
ˣˣһ˵ʱҪȻŵͲˡ
ֵͷ˵˵öԣʱܸ
ôҸһ𣿡
°˵ΪʲôҺһ飿
ԕDЦҾ֪㲻ʧ˵꣬ЦҪǲңһسЦ㡣
ֲϻΪʲôҺһ顣ְ˵̫ӣҲ¡
ԕDʵΪʲô£
ΪǵҺѣֵܣ仰˵ķǳ档
ԕDһ֣ص˵Զĺֵܣѣ
ٺٺ٣Ҿ֪
һΪ֪̫ӣͲҵĺֵܣѡ
ôܡ˵һӶҵĺֵܣѣԶԶġ
仰ԕDظжˡ
ûп㡣
Ҳûп㰡̫ӵ£Ƕ˵ԶĺѡҪȻ᲻Ҫѵġ
ԺǻǸǰһ
˽£ǻǸǰһϣҵ̫ӵ¡
áԕDǻǺǰһùֻ֡ûʲôң
ûˡͨʲôⶼûˡ
ϿΣ׼𣿡
׼ˡָ̾û뵽ǳд󳼡
֪ˣкθ룿
ǳҡЦ˵Ҳ÷ǳˡ
ǶвŻʲôĵطǣǻúý̵ġ
һʵġֺȻ뵽ʲôһȻѹôá
ұô̵ãж
⵹ǡ
ԕDţеֵ꣬Ȼࣺ֣һ飬мע⡣
ʲô飿
ǽҶ鲢Ϊҿƾ٣һ㲻á
˵°˵ģԺһܿпƾٵġ
ԕD˵ߣʵÿƾ١ֱָΪٵģҪμӿƾٵġ
ԕD˼ҪμӣҪ״Ԫҵ꿼ƾûп״ԪҪǿ״Ԫͱ
ʵ걾ÿ״Ԫģپ̫ʢû״Ԫ
Ȼôû˵
Ӧò֪ԕDһ֣һʢҲῼ״Ԫ
̽һֻҪҵúþС
㿼̽ĿԻǺܴġԕD˵Ȼһ飬͸סһɡ
סڶûϵ𣿡
ҵİһסڶûϵ
Ҹס뵽һأҽסҽûȥҵˡ
ףɹְǶġ


118 
ʱ, Ҵȥҋ݋ݡˣҪۣһʱǲġ
ð
ǹȥɡ
ȥ·, ԕD䵱һص, ڹ˹䡣
һ߸ԕDߣһ߰еذЩط
ʱ, ԰ʱڵ԰Ƚɪ
ԕDֹΪϤϤ
˵ʱ԰Ƚϵ, ǼɽͤʲôĲõطǳ¡Ϊʼһ԰, ȻҪһ˼ҵĻ԰ΰÿ
ִС͸ʯĴ, ˹ľɫȤ
Ȼ㻹ûгףѾʮһ, Ϊǲ󹬵ġԕD, һǿ󹬵ġ
ֵͷ, ԕDĶ̼
, ĹغǱȽ϶࣬Сûѧ, һԪǽ㡣ԕDֵļ˵غѧã鷳ġԕDִ֪СҰ, Ĺغǲ, ɭ, ֲϰߡ˵ʵ, , ܲˡ
ܲʲôɻʵ
ܲ⹬ĹغǡԕD΢΢ü˵ҵڹ˼ؼҡ
ֲغߵ̫С˰ɡ
С㣬⹬ĺܡ
̧ԕDļ򣺡һϰߵġ
ԕDؿһ֣漴Ц˵á
ָֽ˼طԕDŴȥ
Ǹյſڣͼ˴ų˼˳
ԕDСֽܵǳ˺Ů¿
˺󣬸Ͻ
ˣ¿
˺ͳ˼ԕD˸񣺡̫ӵ¡
ԕDԳ΢˸񣺡ˡ
˶˵˵꣬ʵ̫ӵ£λ°ɣ
ǵġ
˴֣޵һ˲šʵֳЩڣǲġ
л˿佱
ЦЦ˵̫ӵ£ǻ£ˡ
ߡ
ߵʱ򣬳˼ĵؿһԕD
ȳ뿪˭
ǾǼǰټͻȻع𣿡Ϊ飬д˄Ӱѹټһ١
ǣ⼸һֱʵûʲô顣
ŶŶŶ˺û˵ʲô
݋ݣҴ밲ˡԕDû߽ȴ
⻰Цı݋˵ˡ
ûһͼԕDһЩڵ˽
݋밲
ָϽ񣺡ʺ
ܻʺ˹ַ֣һĵ˵ȻǲǱŵˣ
ַǳʵص˵ͷţŵˡ
ܻʺֱֵЦһºͣĸҲݣϣ㲻Ҫ⡣
ĸҲǣҹҵһ뵽־ͷǳ֪ǵݣȴⲻң̫ˡ
һԵݵЦΪʲô㣿
ԕDֽܵҵСݡ
æ񣺡ݡ
ݿ˿֣⺢ȻЩڣǳúܲü仹һɻ龢˿̲סϲ
ܻʺôúȵĲͺóԵĵġ
ݶַǳ棬һֱ⡣
Ҳ£ûо󷽷ظ
ݼָ˵һ㶼£̸ӡֺ˼֡
ּݺƣ˵ᣬȻ
û뵽ô˵˵ԕDʮȤһֱЦͣ
ܻʺҲֵĻЦˣ˵ˡ
һԪ˹ԕD˵Ѿˡ
ԕD뿪
뿪˵⺢ӻȤ
ܻʺЦ˵Ǹ
һȻûа㺦º;н˵ҲǴ󵨰һݺϲ
С͸ʯĴܣȻ󡣡ܻʺ˵⺢ӻǳDD˵š
ţ
ԣ⺢ȫ̳׵ĲŻСС;ͻд£дʫʸ踳ܻʺԵDD˵Լ넶˵넶š
Ǻͦģû뵽ȴһŰ˵꣬΢΢̾˿ڣΪź˵ϧ̫Сˡ
ܻʺһ⻰֪ʲô
ʵ넶ͱȸС꣬С
ݼܻʺ˼Щϲ˵˵ǣС겻С
ô㿴넶
΢΢ЦЦ⺢Ӵֻ飬Ҫǋ݋һϤҾšһֱûжĸ׵ģȻЩż
ܻʺɫȻ÷ǳࣺȰ㡣
΢΢£漴ʵ㲻ͬ𣿡
Ҳͬ⣬ǕDDͬ⡣
Ϊʲôͬ⣿¶ɻʵ¾ø䲻넣
넶ԕDD˵ҪǕDDѣպ󻹻ΪDDسܻʺ˵넶Ȣ˸Ͳܲˡ
ܻʺ仰˵ݳĬˡ
ֻ๫ҲӦ넶Ȣܻʺ˵ټҹҲͬ⡣
̾˿ˡ
ܲһúܶ˲ԸǸѶԭ򡣡ҲҪҡ
Ҳֻˡ
ܻʺ˵÷ǳԣԕDڶͬ⡣ԼҲԸȢŬΪ˲μӿƾ٣Ϊ;ġΪһԼǰ;
صԕDٴθ˸
ʯֵ֪ĶҲ֪⺢Ǹš
ԕD֮ǰѧݱһ飬Ȼֱһ顣ţʲô˼ԕDȫش˳
ͿʼԕDֶ顣
ǰջزܼˣԕDȥׯӣɱǾѵ⼸գʱ
ϿιУԕDֵĬǳߡ
ǰ˵Ͷˣһܾһ
Ȼһֱ˵ʯĶӴϻ۹ˣӦñ̫ӵ²һЩû뵽ʯĶӾȻһ㶼̫ӵ£ʵȡ
˵һӽŶһǳֽ顣
ϵʱĿγ̾ͽˡ
ǰԕDǲҵдһƪ¡
̵ô
̵ıҵöˡϲõ˵Ȼ˵ʫ顣
λҲǳ
һǶԵġ
ԕDбһ֣˵ռı˰
ٺٺ٣ı˲ռײռ
ʱԪ˽£ټȥš
ãϹȥԕD˵ӦҲһš
ҧгݵؽе
ˣȥ
ȥ·ϣԕDѧݡ
ԕDֵ뷨ĺͬ˲Ҫ˵ʲô֪ԷʲôϲԕDһԭ
ȵ˸Ȼʯ
ּ͸һʯ˹ȥ
쵰֪ǵݣȴⲻңǲǳ뿴Ҷץǰ·ƴҡš
ʯӶӵŭ𣬷ǳ󷽵سϣţҾǹġ
ŭе
ʯĵزһ䣺֮ǰŵӴˣ
ŭգҪ治˭ҲҪ


119 
ù, ԕDִȥԺԺִ֮ȥ˻ʳ˾ȻҲʶǡ
ֵ֪Ĵ, ϾԕDǰܶΡңҲдʫʺ, ֪ǸǳвŻˡ
ȻҲ֪ǵĴ, ҲдºʫʣǵĲŻҲǳ͡
Ȼǲûм棬ҲûͨԕD, ֪˴˵Ĵ, ˵á
棬˵ûһʣǶԱ˴˵ӡǷǳõġ
ԕDֹЩطŻصһʱ, ϿΡ
Ŀ, ǰ̵ġ
Ȼ˺ܶ, ǲûпɷ顣ɷ, ǳ棬÷ǳ档
ϵʱĿγ̾ȫˡ
ֽҪؼʰһЩ, Ҫ˵һҪסԕDһ¡
ʯ, ֲ顣Цһ£ɼǵ÷ǳˣҪֻ
ڻؼҵ·, ʯһĹĵģ, Ϊ˵ɡ
ֱû, ˵ɣʱըˣɣѵͲˡ
ǸҪϽȰ裺˺ˣǸҪˡǳؿһۺʯ鸦㲻Ҫ׽Ū넶ûмôϲ׽Ūӵĵ
壬˵ҵ֣ίˡ
넶ģ㲻Ҫ̫⡣æתƻ⣬֣넶һڶʲôܣ
ܣ˵ûʲôĸܰ
һӱ̫ӵ£ûʲô𣿡ȻʯֲǸ˵Ĳһ󰡡һ̫ӵһ𣬾ûһ𣿡
˼΢΢˼˵ô˵ˣЩһģϾ̫ӵ¡
⣬ûأ
УǶǳءֱӣ˫ȭϥϣɫǳ˵Ҹһ飬ѧ˺ܶ鼮ûеĶ
ͷ˵Ƕʫ飬ַǳвŻǽ̵̫ӵ£鼮ϵݣҪĶܸ̫ӵһ飬ѧѧĶǷǳˡ
ЦЦ˵Ҳôá
ʵ𣿡
գգ˵Ǹ̫ӡ
仰˵һ㶣һЦµȻǸ̫ӡ˵꣬넶ڸ̫ӵߣɲٸǰֱ̫ӵµСǴ󲻾
ص˵ͷ֪ǰҲôС
У̫ӵ±Ͼ̫ӵ£עִ硣⻰ʯ˵뵽ʯڵ̬ȣʯúõظ˵
壬ҵȻ֪
넶̫ӵǺѣָ̫ӵ߶飬֪ζʲô𣿡
壬˵ʲô
ִŲµ˵ʲô
Ժ̫ӵµسɲ̫ӵʧ˵պᱻֺܶðͽᣬСġ
壬ģһעġֽⷬ뵽ˡ
Ͼֻ壬Ǹף˵ʲô
úø̫ӵ¶顣֮ǰʯҪ̵ֶ飬ͰֵԼѧֻû뵽ֺȻ̫ӵµİ޷ٽ̵ֶ顣ȻЩϧܸ̫ӵ߶飬Ҳһǳõ顣
ֵͷ˵壬һġ
һʯֻص
ڼǸӡǻûеңſڳεҡҡͷ
Ǹڳʲô
۸ˡ
ô۸ˣ
⿴ҳ󡣡
⻰ݺݵصһʯô𣿡
ʯǳֱ׳˵С
ˣ
˵֣
˰ӵ㲻Ҫ˵˵ȥҶô
ͦõİǶǳҸһѧ˲ٶ˵˵Ҹ˵
ߴߴظ˵ԕDһȻ̫˵飬Ǽ˵һʱüɫӣ֪Ӻܿĺһ顣
ʯȻһû˵۵ȴһƬЦ⡣Ӷôˣ׵ȻҲġ
ˣסңҾͲˡ
ʲôסң̫˼鷳˰ɣ˲ͬǼѾ˲鷳ٸ˼鷳ˡ
ȥҲ鷳ҿɲ컹û͸ŵһȥңҪסңͲ𴲡
΢΢ü˵̫˼鷳ˡ
ʯӵĻҪһȥҷ鷳סҡ
û뵽ʯͬ⣺넶һ飬Ѿռ˴ˡҪסң⡭̫Ƥ˰ɡ
ʯһ۶ӣΪͬ˵Ƥȷ񡣡
һ⻰ˣƤź񡣡
ʯûд֣˵סģסɡ
ǡ˲˽ʵֻǾ̫鷳ԕDһˡ
Ҳ⣬ʲôʯ͸һ񣬡סҲûʲôѧѧغǡ
ɷô˵˻˵ʲôɷ˵Ҳԣ넶סѧѧ˼ҵĹغǡ
͸ʰ
ллЦ˵ԺÿһΡ
úúãҪúҪڡ
߶߶ظ˵˺ܶࡣʵЩҪǻϾԼҡ
ֺܹɵرʾģԲ¡
˸ʰʯе鷿
֮ǰ˵ĻӦס
ҵȻס
ﲻǼ˹غɭ⣬в顣ʯʱıǳ࣬û֮ǰŪӵϷŪ̫ӵߣҪעĶܶࡣ
ȻʯҲû죬֪Ҫֶࡣ˵˲飬÷ǳ档
ԺҪעСʯ֪ӵӣĶڹǰһ˵̫ע⡣㲻УԿԼ۵̫ӵ¡̫ӵߵˣһһкһһ̫ӵ£𣿡
صص˵ͷס
Ǽ꾩ʲô㣬ȴ̫ӵ߶飬϶в˼㣬ҪСġ
һġ
Ҳ˵ˣպ̫ӵµسҪľǸ̫ӵһúö飬ԺҪΪ̫ӵ·ֵǣҪ̫ӵʧ
֪ģպԕDұۡ
ʲôףʯҲûٶ˵ʲôӻ˳ȥ
ȥˣһʰ
ȶ뿪ʯҲûвװոһϸ󣬴˿ȴЦݡ
ʯһֱҰġȻҰǺõģΪҪΪ͢飬Ҫõ츣գȻЩһֱȥְ
꣬һֱи뷨Ҫ뷨ʵг뷨졣ԭ⼸ȥְܾ飬Ȼ뷨
ͻȻУûȥְҲ޸뷨
ʯţ뷨Ǻõģһʩл츣ȫµİա


120 
ڵر;, ĺɹ˶ԱɱԽԽءĿǰΪֹĺɹɱĽʿͰռǧˣʧĲƲЩ, ĺɹԱΪصһΡ
֮ǰвٴ󳼾ĺɹ̫֣ʵȴݺݵشǵ
ʱյ糯, Ƕ÷ǳʵڱϣǲ˵ʲô
ڵһº󣬸ϻص
ĺɹ˼, ûΪ, ϾʱŹ, һʱѵĿ¸ˡ
صûã͸ĺɹһػ, ǰַȫɱˡֹ, ໹˰뱱ԶĺɹפӪˡ
ĺɹʿ, Ǽɧű
ǰӶĺɹĽʿô, ȻһѵǲǵĶ, 빥򱱾, 뱻ܾˡ
Ȼĺɹ¹Σ֪Ĺ, εĽʿǲưոݵġ, ҲǹεĺʱҪ, , ξͲٸǮ
ÿյʮǮ, ĺɹ˵һʲƵĽˡ˵, Ǯһһ䡣
ԳˣֻʮİܴܴΣȻǲضԴñ
Щ꣬ĺɹиָֺ˻˴ΣÿǮȻûϢ
Щ꣬ĺɹıǿ׺ݣǹڵ̫áһ̣⼸ϢͰ׷ˡ
⼸꣬ĺɹǲٱεġЩͲ˵ˡ
ζĺɹ˵һֻҪֻ˳ˡڲٷһЩ
⳶ԶˣԹ
ڼһصĺɹ˾ͲɧűȻˣڳϰѵһ
ǵȻ˵౻佱Ҳ˵ʲôʱҲҽڰѵӱ꾩ǡ
ĺɹɱǧıʿͰһ£ǾȻûһ˺ǳҰΪԕD࣬д
ԕDŭ׷׷ԣԕDòᡣ
˼Ҷ۸ſˣЩȴ˳ܣԕDڳϷһٻ
ԕDĻǳֱˣûаǰ׶ʥ飬ûѧʥǰǡ
ھö˵öԣҲ޳ɶ飬дʵԕDдģǳǿӲҾĺɹٸɧűεĽʿǲӲܵġ
Ҳ֪кܶİѴǻˣҲ̫ùǻ˵ǱʿΪǲû˺ԼĴ㡣ǻʾպԼĽʿٺΪ
Ȼ֪˵ǹûʵĻ̬Ȱ˳ԕDҪľЧĺɹ֪βô۸ʵǿ׼ĺɹʱûгεĴ㡣
ԕD飬佫ϳ
飬ǳԾ佫ϳ
ԣ佫ϳʱ䣬ԕDԳϵĴԽԽʧòĳôȥ
ǲ̫ˣھ㵵֮ǰǴ佫ϳ𣿡
ԭǴڳվȽŸ佫ǽ볯ãڵòǰ佫ϳԕD˵Ҳڱһϵ̬ȡ
ǰڲʲôԴԕDϴԡҲôڱһϵ̬̫ʧˡ
ĳǰѳֳ̫ˣ˵һáԕDüͷ˵ʱôˡ
ü˼佫ϳƱػĳǲɡ
󣬵ȕDD꣬佫볯ãʱĳǶԕDDDD̫ӣʱĳԣԕDDܲ
ˡɡ
֮ǰ;ԕD̨֮ǰһЩһЩ飬ԕDǻһЩ顣
ãּ佫ʮϳ쵽ˣٹգþҪʣȵʮŻָϳ
ʱ佫ǵĵλ佫ǲ볯
ԕDϳ佫Żص
£Ȼּǹټµģĳǻ֪ܲǵ˵ĳǻܲ
ͲɡԕD˵ҲǲٲҲܻ̫ӡ֮ǰ̫⡰Բ֮ǰĳ֪Ҫ̧佫λһ¡
֧ԕDöԡ˵ʵЩ̫ûй÷ǳԣЩǰ׶ʥ飬̫Ƕ˵ˡ
ϵľ͸øıˡĳǲųǳŰ裬͸佫ĵλѹĳǵ档زܼң游˵飬׼
ǣ¡
ճڵּ´ˣʱκˡ
ԭҪȥԕD飬ּ֪⣬æתǰ
ּ⡰򡱵ĳǴֲǲΪλּ⡣佫˵һ¡
յּ佫ǷǳһĦȭƣ޲ϳ
ܰӲе֪顣ۼҺҦܼ顣
꼴ϳϳǰǵôĳ࿹⡣
Щ佫ǱĳǴѹϲ˳벻¡ĳǱ˵λǳ佫Ƕĳǣ˵֮ǡлᱨǵȻ׷ŹЩĳǡǶûϹԳϵ鲻˽⣬һʼ϶ĳǵĶ֡
ڶԿĳʱŽһ£Э
ЩĳóŪȨ䡣ǲĳǵļƣԼڧ
ʱĳǷ佫ϳ
ܼң佫ϳôԸĳǡ
ܰǻʺ壬̫ӵ游ƾΪ佫ǵġͷˡ
ټҺ̫ӵϳһĳǿ⣬Ϊ͢Ч츣գǲֻŸĳǽϾҲҪһЩʵ¡
˵öԣǲΪ͢Щʵ£ᱻЩĳǳЦģᱻ˵ûá
佫ְǱΣػհ
ػɽҲЩ顣
Щĳ飬Ҳ
ټҺ̫ӵǰϳǾùټҺ̫ӵʧ
ԶԶԣĲã˵ҪЩĳãǸʱֻҲûзĻᡣ
ҪǱŽһ£ű˴ˣܱĳ䡣
Щĳرգǿ϶᲻ֶǣԼԼȻٰһ򾡣Ǹϳá
Ǳһ塣
佫ߺڣտɲá
ĳǷǳ佫ϳһг佫ĺԿطꡰͱȨĿġ֮һ仰ǲ޳佫ϳ
ĵǵĻû硣˵꣬Ǽ佫ϳ
佫ϳΪ˵̷ĺɹ
ĳĺɹṥΣΪɲ
ȴ˵ĺɹȷʱṥΣԺأ˭ܱ֤ĺɹԶṥΡ˵佫Ҳĳӡ
ĳǼڼҪ佫볯͹ڸſڷԡ
ǻ˵ôΥˡµĹأ˵ᶯҡ
Ӵǵķǹڸſڡ
ԕD֪һףǲм
Щĳֻ¹򷴿𣿡
ҲֻһС
£ǲǰҪײӰɣ
ᣬԕDǰǼ֪ײҲõı⣬Ǿȥײӡ
û˵飬һãȻʵײô£
֣Ҹ˵ѼǰǷɳΪһ¸˵ˣ˵Ҫĺɹôйá
˺󣬷ǳԾ⣺û뵽Ĵ󳼻Ӧһû뵽ȴǡ
ڵ󳼴̰ͼ֮ҪһֱƫһǡԕDǳЦŲţĺɹ꾩⣬ЩǲֿȰ˵£ȥݻ߽깶šʷϵξ˵ֻҪƫһǾˣڰǵͳ͢ϣȫںġ
ǻԕDĻ
ЩԽܣǾôû𣿡
֣ǱĻҪûϡԕD˵꣬Լ⻰˵òԣˣĺɹʱûϵġ֪ʷγĳʲôӣʱյγĳûʲôǷǳвŻ
֣
ǹڸſڲߣڹïʵܰǼ
ܰǽӵּ󣬴Ҵææؽĳǹڸſڣʮ˹ֺشǰ߹
ĳǿһĻȻǳߡ
ںͲܰʮ˺ܾá
ĳǼô׽ܰʮˣһǳءǲΪʲôͻȻ佫ϳȫûκס
ܰϲЦտ߳ǻĳ˵Ƕա
佫⸱ģĳгŭ
ĳǼǷûã򵽰ûٹˡ
ȻټҼҪ佫ľǰ佫ٴδӳϸߡ
뿪ʹĳȫȥ岩ļôԸ佫
ԕDţʱѻص
ڿɹͼ
ּһֱɹͼʵ£㿴ɹͼʲô
ԕDָôɹͼһ뷨
ֺͲͬʵʲô뷨
ȥһɹ
ʲôֱԕD仰ŵˡ
ĲΪ壬Ŀǰĵɹȥɹ˽ǵ
£˰ɡԕD뷨̫ˣǴε̫ӣҪȥɹɹ֪ݣΣˡ
޳ɰ˵
˵ùú͹ټҲͬȥɹ
֪ԕDںͲܻʺǲȥɹġҪ͵͵ȥɹֻҲвͨҾ˵˵
£ô˵ĻԺҪ˵ˣðɡڳһµı飬˵ġ
£ȥɹʲôЩ棬ֻ˽ɹȫȥ˽⣬ûҪȥ˽⡣
Ŷȥʲôɳ֮ԕD˫ֱأһ˵ڹɹ֮ǰɹźʰǡ
ǣȥˣ㲻һʲôϾ㵽ɹͱһͨˣҪӽɹҲ̫ܰɡ
һԕD˵꣬һ⣬ü뵽취ˡ
ʲô취
һɹҵİ취
£ʲô취æʵ
ҵúú롣ԕD˵꣬ͲֺͲ֮ǰɹϢо
ȻǷǳż֪ԕDİ취Ҳ֪ʱܴ
һʱ䣬ԕDİ취һ룬ʣµһúͻʳ˾ϡ
ڶ糯ûκ⣬ǻڷ佫
ԕDﶼԸɹİ취ԴǷһºġ
Ͳµǻ糯ϼԣ˵Ҷ
ǳһȥïʵ˳
˳ԕDͰïʵˣһȥ˻ʳ˾
⼸꣬ʳ˾ҲԕDĸˡ
Ͳܻʳ˾飬ԕDڡ
ʳ˾һǳҪĲţǾǰ
˶ǾϸѡģǶϿѵǸǳ࣬˴ɱͲ̽ǻ顣
Щ꣬вĺɹ
ɹҲôýӽǣԕD뵽İ취ð˳ɹӽɹҡ
ïʵͰ˱ԕDİ취ˡ׼ȷ˵̫ӵµİ취ͷƤ顣
ԕDïʵһ죬Űİ취ơ
ȹ꣬ʳ˾İʵ취
취ãҪѺüʱá
ԕDģҲȵü
գд󳼻ڷ佫ϳһ¡֪ûãǻǼַԡ
ڳ÷ǰûͣϢ
СھʱʣôǺúùꡣ
꣬佫ǾҪϳĳôܹһꡣ佫˵һꡣ


121 
, ³
ѧ˵ǷǳҪһ꣬ΪҪ¿ƾٿԵԡԺ͵ԡ
ǰ¿ƾٿѾʵˡǸʱ򿼵ͯԡ
ԡԺ͵һǿԵʱ׼ȷ˵, Ҳ¿ƾٿԵʽһꡣ
˵¿ƾٵͯѾ, ԡԺ͵ȴǵһο
ͯ¿ƾٿ򵥵Ŀ, Ҳ׵ĿԡáżΪʡ
Ȼż, ôҪԿ϶, ѧǲŻѽԡԡԵ¿ƾٿԵĵһꡣ
Ȼ, ˿ԡԺ͵, ҲҪͯԡ
ͯԺ͸ÿ궼ԿԺԲÿ궼Կ꿼Ρ꣬ҲܿԺԡ
ǰͯԣݺݵŰһȫµѧǡ˵ͯ¿ƾٿ򵥵ģҪȾɿƾٿԵĽѺܶࡣֹ, ǰ¿ƾٿԵ¼ȡҲ˺ܶࡣУԶ˵ŴҲ˲١
γʷ϶ԶõĳÿοƾٿԵ¼ȡ࣬ǳŴ, ˵ּߣеظõĸֲߡ
ԕDֻŴˣôͨϰվͲƽϾεĽɽֻҪˡ
¿ƾٿʵеʱ, ͼ˶˵Ŵߡʱ, ȫµѧǻ, ˡ
ԕDڳ˵ϰյĴΣǶ˻ʿĴΡ
˵һ仰ƷΩжߣⲢԡ̫ߣǺ¡ԣٶԶ˵źߣǲҪ̫Ϊǡ
Ҫҫ棬ҪͷأǾͺúö飬μ¿ƾٿԣҪһЩеûġûŻ߾Ͳܺúö飬ͿǾ˵û¡
Ϊ飬ȫµĶ˶ԕD̫ЩԕD⡣
˶Զ˵Ҫˣ佫ǵҪҲߣԕDһͬʵġ
ѧǼ̫ӵ¶佫ҲǳϸĲż١
¿ƾٿݱؽšµٿҲֵؾš
ǰûʲô˲μٿԣٿͬ衣ԴӶԾӪ佫ǵĹְиĸԺ󣬲μٿԵ˾ԽԽࡣ
뵱ܼ򵥣ҪھӪְͨ͢ĿˣͲˡ
ڹԱͽʿĿƶȽͬʱҲÿͨ͢˵ĹԱͽʿǺܶ࣬Щ˶ǻˮ֮ȻҲвٹԱͽʿְ
µĿƶȼΪܵĹԱͽʿ˵Ǻ¡
Ϊ£ǵطţǳ͢󶼻Ȼһ¡ȻЩûкõĳȴʵϵĹԱͽʿ˵һ£ǿϣǸΪ͢Ч츣ϰա
ԺΪĴڣոѿʱ屻ɱˡ׼ȷ˵Ƶطǳá
¿ƾٿԣһ£Ǿ佫ǵĵλ˺ܶࡣ
ǰ佫Ǹϳʱ򣬲ĳǵĶ֣佫ŽһģӲصֿסĳǵѹԡ
ںԕDƫ̻£佫ڳվס˽ŸȻĳȣ佫ǻѷһĳҪ佫Ǹϳǲܵˡ
һֱĳǵĵλǳߣһáǣԴǰ佫ǳڳϣĳǵĵλûǰôˣȻҲһá  ĳϣγȻĳǺ佫ǡ໥ƺš
ԹĳǺ佫ǾͲԸһֱֻ͡γĳλ̫ߣֹѹ佫佫޷ĳǿ⡣ǣڲһˣ佫»صϣλ˺ܶ࣬ĳǿ⡣
ԕDԿĳþƺ⡣佫ĴڣĳǱʵ˲٣ǰŰ衱
ߣ佫ǵļ룬˲١ÿϳ佫ǺĳǳһǳȤ顣
ĳǳϲҧľ֣佫ǾͷǳֱסĳǵĻ˵佫̫ס佫ǵĳ̫ظ
佫ϳ˸ĳǿ⣬Ҳ˲顣꣬ڱϽľ²˺ܶࡣ
ĺɹʿǰɧűǱϽð١
ϣ͢ͶĲԽԽࡣĲ˵˵ս͢˺ܶ࣬ڴԼս
ĳǼ͢ôȻԡںԕDûд
ȻںԕDû˵ʲôĳǲɵӣܿټҺ̫ӵҪʲô
ĳҪ飬ǹټҺ̫ӵ²ûȷ˵Ҳÿ顣
òȰ˵ںԕDҪսںԕDǳ޹رʾǲû˼ֱӰĳҭסˡ
ĳǽʱûʱ䣬Ҳûоȥ飬ϾƾٿϾҪʼˡ
ƾٿԣȻĳǸ𡣶佫ǣٿԡ
ٿԺͿƾٿǴ꿼ƾٿԣٿٿԡ
ĿƾٿԣҲҪμӡһβμӿƾٿԡ
ʵĲܣǰܲμӿƾٿԡǰŻص꾩ǣ¿ƾٿֲ˽⣬ûðȻ³ߣԼ黹࣬Ҳá³ȥμӿƾٿԣҲһܿС
꣬һֱΪƾٿ׼ʮİպŸҲμӽĿƾٿԡ
ƽʱһģԼǳвţڶԴƾٿȴʮֽһ˿и
Ϊ˱ӣֹûнԕDһ顣ȥ׵ڣһֱڼҸϰΣΪͯ׼
һԭǾǽƾٿԵܿԕD
֮ǰ˵ˣĿƾٿ¿ƾٿԵһ꣬ǳӡߣ¿ƾٿԕDģƾٿԵܿٺʲ
ȥԕDæ׼¿ƾٿԡԡԺ͵ԵĿкܶġԣΪ˱ӣڿƾٿǰԕDʱܼ档
ԕDҪ˽ףǰ⣬ҲҪ
ֿǷǳԭģҲǳţſԼҲܿС
ֲμӿƾٿһ£ʵܶǲġ̫ӵµİòμӿƾٿҲƽƣΪʲôҪμӿƾٿԡЩ˾μӿƾٻռһе˵ƽ
˵мø
ܱôֻҪֿƾ١һ֪Լܿ볬Ϊ̫ӵµİҪпƾ١
ΪֵԕDȥǲȥ
ֵĹϵҲǳáŵ˵ѾΪԕDұۡ
ǡǰֵȥְȥ˽ϣȥ˱
ҲȥأȥְȥȻûдǹ١Ƿ̫ӵµּȥ
ԕDһֱڹʲô¡ĿѧңӦöȥ߿ܼĲܡ
ԕDһ¡
ǰʼھԕDһЩ¡ԕDԽԽ죬˲١
ĿƾٿԽ󣬾ȥ˰ǽпƾٿԣھ׼ȥˡ
ûûһȥȥԕDһֱڶ˵仰ö䶼ˡ
ȽĵԽȵ·ݣԕD;ȥȻʾġ
Ȱİռļ
Ϊ˹ģ׼ꡣĿǰĵʱѳ죬ˡ


122 
³, ͯе׼ʱ
һ㿼ĳȻǾʷӼԵĳԣÿ뿼
ѧӿԵĵһ, Ҳ, Բü
ͯԵĵһ, ¼ȡǷǳġѧҪǿ, ôʣԿɿɲѧӿѡʣµ, Ҳѡ񲻿
һ, ѧûп, ôԲμӵڶԡ
ûпһԵѧӣҲѡ񲻲μʣԡһԣû˲᲻ʣĿԡһ㣬һûͨˣ뿼ʣµԡѧӿ˵ڶ, ͵üμӵĳңȫͨڶ͵ĳԣʸμӽĸԡ
ԿԵݣ徭Ҫʫʸ踳ۺʥ͹ѵ, ԼȡԕDӽȥġ
ɵĿƾٿԣǽԣǵԣԵʱҪһĸʽ, ˵İ˹ġԕDǿҪʽ, ѧǵķ, ȡ˸ʽȻһЩɻ䲢ûȡ˵ʵ۵Ҫܻ䡣
ԕDŪ¿ƾٿԣȻҪǰĿƾٿѣҪǰĿƾٿɣѧǹĿռ䷢ӣѧǷǳϲȻѧɷҲ⡣ƫ⣬ôдٺҲûã͸һ
ǰĿƾٿԿۣϲʷӼݡµĿƾٿԵĲۣٿʷӼĶ⡣
ѧֻ飬ֻ߹Ҵ²˽⣬ôڲϾͻò˸߷֡
пƾٿҪĿ⣬ҲǷĿ⡣ô˵ɣһѧڿ徭ʫʸ踳ʱ򣬿ĲôãĲдķǳãôпƸ¼ȡƸ¼ȡҲֻͯԵСԡԡԵĻвͨġ
Եĳԣһ쿼һǲſġ
һԽ󣬵ڶͻɼȻѧѡ̲ڶԡ
Եĵ죬컹ûѧǾҪִѧſڡ
ÿسǶйѧطרƾٵġ
ǲסڿϾܴӹѧȻǲܳڿ졣
Ե죬ѧֻ׼֤ͱīֽѧһɲ
ڽǰԷѧס
ǿƾٿ򵥵ĿԣѲҲǳϸ񣬲κһס
еѧǻСڴĶУЬ·ﶼܳеѧСͷ֮伫
һִСͻᱻϳѧμӽĿƾٿԡ
ʱûзףôԽ󱻷ףôѧӻᱻͷҲܷҳͷʮأʱᱻͷ
ƾٿǴɣǴڿƾٿ϶ֽţѰ·
Ѳѧӵʱ򣬻Ҫ˶ѧӵݣԷִ
飬ǺеģڹŴˡ
ͨѲ飬ѧӾܽѧȻ׼֤ϵķźλҵԼλ
ҵԼλѴıīֽڷźã׼ԡ
һ۽˿ͭ࣬ԿʼٽţǷſ
õԼĿдԼ֡ţſ⡣
ԕD֮ǰ֣õ󣬲ҪŴ⣬ȰдãȻϸ⣬ûӡˢ©ֵ
ûκ⣬Ҳǳ򵥡
ʣʼĴ⡣
ԿѶȶ˵̫ˣʱʹȫ⡣
˵Կѵģǳס
ԵĲôϰչϺӡ
ʵ˵Ҳ򵥣˵Ҳѡ
ķΧ̫ˣѧǺֿܺҲ塣
ѧһЩĶش⣬̸˵ʵϰչϺӣǲдϰչϺӵİ취ôǻò˶ٷֵġ
ǰĿƾٿԣôһܻø߷֣ڲС
ԕD̫ӵ⼸һֱǿһ飬Ǿʵ
ʵÿѧУʵУҲ᳹ƾٿС
ǰһοԵʱѧд۵ʱ򣬾ϲ̸дķǳƯҲܵһ֡
Ժѧ֪дƯˣʵ
ԕDһֱѧӺ͹ԱǰдĺÿûãΪд²ܽϰյ⡣
ԕDһֱԹԱǣ̫ѧѧǿһ飬ǾǹȻǿá
ڣȫµѧӺ͹ԱǣԼϰǶ֪ǵ̫ӵǸʵˣϲŪһЩͷԻ߻ڵĶ
Թ
ֿ۵Ŀʱûκԥʹʵʳ
ʵ⣬ԕDһֱۣԕDѧ˲ٶ
ϰչϺӣľϰܳԱů
ϰ˵ӾܳԵıܴůܿ𲡣Ҫ󸻴ϰյԸôӡ
ԕD˵ôÿϰճԵñůȴǳѰ쵽ô򵥵飬ȴǳѡ
ִһԵĿ󣬾ǰˡ
Ľʱʱ
ֿɲȵʱ
ټô罻ǳԾǲû˵ʲô
뿪һ̲ס˿Ŀȫˣһ
һѧӡﲢûڹѧſڵ
ֱӻ˼ң˼ôһ
⻹ûеʱôͻˣ
ˣȻͻˡһĳ
ôͿˣһԾ˵ƾٿԺ𣿡
ѣԷǳ򵥡Щ˵Ҳ̫˰ɣø˵˵ӴԵѶȡѧ仰һɱ
ȻԶǱȽϼ򵥣ǶԲ򵥡
ô˵ͷˣ
ˡַǳŵ˵һܿԡ
ǽֱӿˣ
ͷš
ȥ˯һɣ緹㡣
ȥ˯һʱڼЩˡЩˡÿͯԣܽ
ȵʱ˰ֽ
ֵôһˣˣǳˣһֱԡȻ겻ʲô档
ȵ磬֡
Ȼˣͽ˾
̫ˣʱдˡʵô
ºܺá
ضˡ
㿼ͯԾܻȥЦ˵ˣ˸һϢжˡ
ļٵģ
ǰݡûãͰ÷ס
׵ʱ򣬲ֻȥϲơԕDΪݵ⣬ܻʺڲԶţûȥϲơ
ȥ·ݣӻС
һʱдŸԕDϲá
ԕDˣ˲ٶ
˵ԺҪǺӵĸɵǵȻͲá
ԕDĺȡ
ԕDĵһӣӦԼȡɺӵ游ȡĻͲ̫ʡ
һӣٸȡ֡
ȥ꣬һϲ£Ǿ޳ˣȢʷӡ
æĴʱûʱ䣬Ҳû˼Ȣӡ
޳ףԕDߵ˲ûгס
ûж
ܻ꣬ʺ˲ٻ£ãǸã¸һֱûжס
꣬ʮˣǴˡڱ˼ңʮûˣ¿϶ˡǹ¶ʮûжҲ˵ʲô
ԼûжһҲ⣬ż
Ҳûжסȥ꣬ˣв˸˵ףûͬ⡣ûʸ񸣿ԡ
߼Ҿڽ꿼еĽʿУѡһŮ
ϲǹķԲδķֻҪһҪ󣬲檡ԣҪһŹӡ
ģһСӣ˻ˡдԕDţм˵ϲá
ϧˣҪƾ٣ȻǿȥݿҲġ
ֻ⼸궼ȥݿĶˡһ֣һ˵㿼ԣǾҪ׼ȥˡȥ˱һǻزġ
⵹ǣǵʱ˵ܿ޵Ķӡڱһֱڵǡ
϶ܿ
ָһŻض
ʱԕDں塣
ǰãּԕD޴ͻ顣
ڹ꣬ڳΪʽ̫
ȵԕDʮ꣬ʱͻס
ˡ޽صһԕD£ͲӮһ𣿡
Ӯ˼𣿡ԕDڿվʦĵ|Խտ˵޲Ķ֣ЩвŻĴ󳼶Ķ֡ڲܻʺǣͲԕDĶ֡㣬Ѿˡ
޵Ȼ֪£̫ˡ
Ͳ˵ˣ˵黭ѧķǳáôŬѧϲϵ¡
˵ʵڵµߣĻв
ЩһֱԼã䲻ϵ£Աȴ˵ĺܺãҪ׷Լ
ҽ塣ԕDЦ壬һġ
£Ҫô˵һġȻȲϵ£ܱȵϹ͹ȡ
𣿡⼸꣬ƢԽԽˣֵ͋݋̫ˡ
˵һˣǾ⡣
ǰⲡˡ
ܡˡĲģϷġ
ΪѰ̼ҩȻԼŪˡ
Ϸ磬ķǳ
ڿңҵҲΪˡ
ҲΪ飬˾û꾩ǣһ˻ϼҡ
ô˼ֻϼҡûа취ֻôӦ
һʷϸı罫ᷢ
£ƾٿԽǲҪȥ
ǣôˣ
ҿԸһȥ𣿡
ȥʲô
޺˵ȥ㡱ǻû˵Ϊŵһȥ˱Ҳﲻϵ£ᵹæ
ҡ
һƽġԕD΢΢ЦЦڹһ
صصͷŵһƽ
ʱˣûڶôˡ
뿪ͻصǰһ¸ԕD˵ˡ
ԕD˺Ц˵ܿСԪ
ԡԡԺ϶˵һǾͿСԪ
СԪȻС
ԡԡ϶˵һôͿˡ
ǰͯԾͿˣû˿СԪ
ֵĲѧ˵ܿСԪ
СԪѣСѡԕDЦҲ֪ûҿԪ
Ԫһⲻܰɡ
ȻԲ󣬵ҲǲܡԕDҲǸղ뵽Ԫһ£ĿԪǴεһԪڵ״Ԫ
һǾò̫ܡȻҲϣܿԪ̫ˡ
Ҿ˵˵㲻Ҫ˵ҿɲѹ
ͷ˵£ȥƾ٣˵ܿԪ
ңԕD£漴ҡҡͷ˵ҿɱȲ֡ڶⷽ棬ıȲ֡ȴôΪ
ҾСԕDһ֭š
ԕDҡҡͷû˵⣬˵ʵ
ǰʵˣȢĸһ
ʵȢϣںͲܻʺ󶼲ԸȢϣֻ÷
˵Ҳ֣Ȣһ£ʵ⼸ǳʵûκһ飬ԕDǲ̫ġ


123 
Եһ, Ҳĳɼڵڶ繫
ڳɼ֮ǰܶѧһȥѧſڵȡ֪ɼҪ繫żֵģȲȥѧȥѧſڵ, ܿһ
ûȥѧſڵȳɼ, еشڼ￴, Ϊĸ׼
, ˼ֻȥѧȳɼ, ̲סߴٵ넶, ôȥѧȥ˵ʱ, ͼѧӵڹѧſڡ
ʲôȥġں壬ʱɼûй
һ㶼˼еģ¾Щ֣Ͳȥ
ҿ϶ܿν
ôţ˾öδ̫, Ϊʲô¡ҪûУô죿
仰ʲô췽ҹ̷һ
Ǹ𣿡
΢΢£漴ҡҡͷ˵⵹ǡ
ΪʲôΪҿԣһŵض˵, ԶУЩ׶ˡ
ҵ˼Ҫһأ
ն˵ûһһܿԡ
ˣһС
Բȥ˵꣬塣
Ϊε˵ ôȥ, 㿼ڼ̫, Ҳ֪Ǻ, ǻ¡
˾ˣûҪȥڼϿڼ˵ûκ塣˵Ҫ״Ԫֻۣ߰̽ĿƾٿԿڼҪһȥһ˹ѧȳɼٹȥ
ԣЩȵ˵㲻ǲȥɼô㻹ȥѧʲô
ȥֱӲμӽĸԣͲμʣµԡʣԣҪǰ˵һġԣҲñˣٹȥûȥѧſڣ֪ѧſѾˡ
ҲС˼ӻǻȥѧſڣûٶ˵ʲô
ߣȻ֪Լ˵ڼоĿԡǱߣԕDѾֵ֪Գɼ
£ҪҪ֪֣ͨʵ
֪ͨӦ֪ԼˡԵĶûУЩİ׶ˡ
Ӧò֪Լڼɣ
˵˾ˣڿڼںԕD˽ֻ֣ڵϿԺʲôĿڼ⡣
ҾͲȥˡȥ֪ͨԳɼԕDôһ˵ûбҪˡ
ȥҲ̫ϲ
ıԕD˵ˡ
Գɼδʱĩ
δʱĩ׼ʱڹѧſʰ
꾩ǵ¼ȡˡ
˶࣬ǽĸԡԺԡԡԡԵ¼ȡ˶ٸ¼ȡ
ƾٿԵ¼ȡһʮˡֻ꾩ǵ¼ȡط¼ȡܳһʮˣֻܱ꾩١
ǿƾٿԿĵط⼸ϸƽϵ¼ȡ͵½ѧǵľǳҡ
ǿƾٿԱȽϲĵط³͢ſ¼ȡҲࡣμӿƾٿԵѧûн϶࣬бȽܶѧҲȽ٣ֻнһ롣
֮ǰȥְԕDͽһ˶飬μӿƾ١
޵ȥĵһ꣬ԕDֵ̫ȥһ̫ѧá
޵Ĺ£̫ѧõѧԽԽࡣȻֻ̫ѧö飬ǶԱѧǶμӿƾٿһܺõļ
ʶֵĺӱԽԽࡣǶ֪˶ĺôԸμӿƾٿԡ
ȻֻԸ⻹УøһЩŻߡ
ԕD֮ǰȡ˲Ŵ˵ߣڱûȫȡ
̫ˣ־ĺɹɧšһЩŴߣǲԸȥġ
޵ȥְһҪǾǷչľá
޵£չػ׽ĺɹľԶչ
ʱԪ˽˵£Ÿ
ԕDһ⻰æ˵
ûһԪɾʹһʮ꣬㣬ݵ˽
¡
ɡԕDŸ׼ˣ
صµĻһж׼ˣ͵ȵһ¡
ԕDԪɣԸԪɣȥһ˾࣬¸ѡõӡ
ǣ¡Ԫ˵꣬ȥ
ԕDʵû⣿
£еĴˣûκ⡣Ÿǳػ㱨СҲеĴϸϸؼʮ飬ȷûκ⡣
ˮҲû⣿
ûУһж
Ÿô˵ԕDͷˡ
𣬿ʼ׼ʡ
ǣ¡
ԕDǳϸظŸ˵׼ЩЩ
ŸïʵյͽܣҲ˵СïʵïʵӰ졣ոǿ½棬ҪԕDĹ
ǰԕDоͼʱȻ뵽˺óס
ʵεĺó׷ǳЩεĴҶҩĺͲԴԴϵ⡣
ԕD뵽֣Ϊεĺóôַ㣬Ϊʲôѧ֣ôεĺó׸ӷ
˰ѴεĶȥ⣬ҪѺĶشΡ
ԕD͸顣
ó״Ƿǳ͹۵ġ
޳ԕD顣
ǰԕDΪ׼
ǰ׼̫ˣȻȵ׼ô
γĴǷǳģԕDøĴȣѷɫ˵㡣ûʳ˾ĹǰĴŪȻδֻŵ㡣
γĴֻŵ㣬µĴ
ȥ죬µĴֻ˳һֱˮ
ˮڣûκ⡣
ˣˡ
ԕDͲο֣󣬾ʹѡһ쵼
ïʵԕDƼŸ
ïʵƼ֮ǰԕD֪Ÿġ
ŸһֱΪڰбԕDıԕDЩڹûг¡
ոǿΪ˽⣬ҲǳĻֶΡïʵ̳ģïʵˣŸӹܻʳ˾ԣԕDδΪʡ
ԕDִӻʳ˾ѡɱǾѡˣǸŸһ
ˣڴϣԕDװ˻率|ҩڡ
ʳ˾һֱоľ֡|ҩڡǰ꣬һֱûŪɹǰŪɹˣڲǺܳ졣
ԕDļƻ˷չóףҪһ㣬Ǿҵ޴½ȻĿǰ϶ûҵԺ˵ҵ
˾ѡ¸µļգŸǾܳˡ
ԕDŸ顣
⣬Ƶǰȥѧ
ʱʱԵɼѹ
ֲִʱڹѧſڵѧӲˡ
ԼɼҼԼеѧȻѾ߸˵뿪ڹѧſûߵѧûпеģǲԼûпС
ȻѧſڣǾ˳㿴Լ˵ڼ
һ۾ͿԼֺȻдڰ񵥵Ҫλã΢΢£漴ͻָı顣
ԼԵһ飬ﲢûʲôϲԕD˵ԼԿڼںߣԿһҲʲô˲顣
Լĳɼ߽ѧμӰºĸԡ
ȥѧ;УǼұϲ˵֪ӿԵİףȻǳˡ
ǼңҲֻġֺʯʲôʯ˵ӿԵİ׺


124 
ӿԵİ, һЩòף
ʯصңĴ⣬΢΢üͷʲôӣ
˵һɷ漴Цݵ˵넶˰װ, ȻҪףһ¡
ʯ⻰, Ӧǳƽ, ЩΪ⣺ֻǿԵİʲôףġ
˲ɷ⻰, ʲôֻǿԵİ, ô׵𣿡ƽʱɷ, ˴, ǽӿԵİףһϲ£ɷ򲻽ΪӸˣмһˣЩˡ
һԶѡʯӣӷӦƽƽ, ⶺӵôܵ㿼Եİף
ѵøͳһսߣˡ˵꣬ǳ治ط˸ۣһԵİ, ʲôõġԵİף֮СȻԵİףҲ⡣Сˡֲף, ˲Ļ, ƫƫҪȥô˻
Ӧʯ⣺ΪһԵİ׾͵, ˵ҵĶӡ
˵Һ⵱һߣԣŲҪĶӡ
Ҷҡʯ͸һӦøж¡
ߣӦ넵ĵڵ˵ţҵһ㡣
ʯϾ˵ãҵš
һԱӵ˱ôţôòףˣ
Ҫ
ûҪ
ʯֶһµصͷòᡣ
ǲҪԡ
㶼ˣǲԲ˷𣿡˵ķǳ´βҪôˡ
ʯ˵˵ǮԼ֬ˮ۲𣿡ȫûҪڴϻԩǮ
˱ʯǸӵ̬Цˣ˼ҵĺҪǿԵİףֵףýַھ֪ôôԵİף˼ҵĺ뿼Եİ׶Сˣһǳˣô넶⣬Եİײһֵùٵ飬һ˵飬ʲô
ʯ˵Լ򵥡
ֵͷ޳˵֮ǰ͸˵ǿƾٿ򵥵Ŀԡ
ɷͶӵ˼ǿЦá
ñ֪Ǹôԣǡ
ַǳϬ²۵ԶУЩҲҪˡ
ʯȻû˵Ƿǳͬ仰
Ϊε̾˿˵넶ɲѧš
ʯ⻰Щˣˣ
ڶ棬һֱţɷвţЩźͰ
ʯôӣͷԲˡ
ȻǸûҪôףǳԵʱ򣬿û飬òȫԹˡ
ʯǣŮȥɢʳʵȥҴš
ִúҵĵܵʯ鷿ߺȲ裬졣
Ǽ飬㻹𣿡Ȼ˵
ںȲʯһʱûзӦ˵ļ飬¶ɻʵʲô飿
䷨㲻˰
ʯһֱԼı䷨Уæ
ҴȿƾٿԽࡣʯѾƺñ䷨ݣڳ͢æſƾٿԣʱ
ı䷨ͿƾٿûʲôϵӰĿƾٿԡ䷨һ£ùټҺ̫ӵ֪ȽϺá
ټҺ̫ӵºӽĿƾٿԣǵȿƾٿԽ˵ʯﵹǲһʱ
ҲǣĿƾٿ¿ƾٿΪҪĵһꡣ
㻹ס͸ټˡ
ҳﱸ˶꣬ҲꡣΪ˱䷨һ£ʯǰЩһְֱܾ顣ȻûְǾȥ꾩ũ߿Ҳ˽⵽顣
Ҳǡ˵꣬뵽ʯ䷨ݣЩǵüͷֻı䷨ܵܶ˷ԡ
ֻҪټҺ̫ӵ²Ծͺá˵ķԣʯȫ⡣
ټҺ̫ӵ·أô죿
ʵʯ£漴˵ټҺ̫ӵΪʲôᷴԣı䷨츣͢ͰյģټҺ̫ӵ¿϶ᷴԵġ
ôĹټҺ̫ӵ²ԣϷʵЦѵǾ͹ټѵĹϵټҾͲı䷨
Ȼǣ䷨ǹ¡ʯɫһӱ÷ǳ࣬˽º͹»Ϊһ̸ߣټҲṫ˽֡
ҾãҪǷ䷨˶࣬ټֻ²֧ı䷨һʼʱҲ޳ʯŪı䷨Ǻʯϸ󣬲ʯı䷨ġ
ټҲᱻЩԵ뷨
ǿɲһ˵֮ǰĸĸôһʼټҶסԵѹַ֧Ǹĸ겻ĸֹǱȥء
ʯⷬ΢΢ü
ԵԽԽ󣬾ǹټҲסֹֻͣĸ˵ı䷨ȻŪĸĸﲻ̫һǶ˵棬Ȩ󡣡
ȻںܶȨ󲻲ǵȨ͵λһֱڡҪı䷨ùټܶסȨǵʩѹ𣿡ʵʯı䷨Ȼ֪ʯı䷨Ϊκãı䷨𺦵˵棬Ȩǡ
ʮǰټûжסȨǵʩѹòֹͣŪĸĸڣټҾܶסȨǵʩѹ
鸦Ҫ׼
Źټı䷨
ټҿ϶˼ǹټҲһֵܵסǺȨǵķʯʱ䷨ܶˡƲȨǲ˵ǳд󳼶롣òɹ׼
ʯƬ̵һģ
֪ʯǲı䷨ʯ˵ЩҲȰòɵ׼
֪䷨ʯЩѪʯı䷨ɣɲСĴ
Ҫ
ʯ׺ѵ˼΢΢׵
û˵䷨һ£˵ֿ԰һ¡
ʯһʹŶӺŮؼˡ
صҺ־͸ʯȥ鷿ϰΣΪĸ׼ʯ顣
Ǹ鷿һԼԼ飬š
ַЩеܾûзҳˡ
ôˣ
ʯع΢΢ҡͷ˵ûʲô
˵ʲô𣿡
ӹ˵ҵı䷨пܻʧܣᱻټҲɡȻ֮ǰʯǰһĵģʵǷﻹе㵣ǵġ
岻ֵ֧ı䷨ΪʲôʧܣҲ֪ı䷨ݣúܲ
ʯ˵Ƿ򵥵ظ˵˵
˺˵ټסȨǵʩѹ̫ӵ²ȨǵĿ²Ȩǵ̬ȣҲǵĿֻҪΪǶԵ飬ͲȨǺʹǵ뷨ǳǿӲع᳹ʵС
𣿡
佫𣿡
佫ϳ̫ӵġǸʱ򣬴ǲǿҷô佫ǻǻص˳ϣ񻹺ĳǷͥ
ʯô˵ͷˡ
˵öԡ
û뵽ı䷨ôûģ
ҲǶҵı䷨ûģǶԡʯ˵û˵ȥˡ
ģ¿϶޳֧ı䷨
ϧβ´ˡ


125 
º, ׼ʱˡ
Ե̸һҲǿĳԣͿֱӲμӽԺԡûпԣԼμӵڶԡ
ȽԶ, Կ϶ҪһЩ, ˵, ̫ˡ
ʱ, ֿ긮, ǰ뿪ˡ
ԵĳɼҲǵڶ칫
ûȥѧſڿɼ
˼״, û֮ǰߴȥɼ
֮ǰ, ˻ĶӿϣӲˣ˰סοԣ˵򵥣˾öһܿС
Գɼĵ磬ұϲ
ֿ˰, һҲ⣬ɷǳ򶨡
˼ֿ˰ףǸˣû԰ôСˡ
Ժ˹ϲʯ, ˵˵ܿСԪ
ֿСԪһ˵飬Ͼ¿ƾû˿СԪ
˵ΪʷϵһСԪ, ʱһʷ
ʯԴ˻ǲΪ⡣ĿСԪ, Ȼ, ʲôϲ¡
ӵĲܣСԪʲô¡ߣͯô򵥣СԪҲ˲顣С˲õ顣ӿСĿܺСǲҪϣȽϺá
ʯصңһЩǿֿСԪһ¸˵ˡ
ҪҪԺҲаףСԪ
ֶԴ˺⣺СԪʲôáĿСԪҲûʲô˵ġ
ҪǿСԪǵһˣҪҪԣʯǹô˵ġ
СԪһʲôٵģֺǲΪȻͯô򵥡
Ӻܲмʯͷˡ
СԪô뿼С
ҵȻ룬ҾÿԲ󡣡ֶԼǺģо仰ˣ˶ǣǽѧӡҵĿֻһǾǿ̽ˡ
״Ԫ߰۶˵޹ؽҪֻҪ̽ˣͳˡߣ̫Сˣ״Ԫ߰۵ĿԺС˵
ȻʱԸĿˡ
˲˵˵¡²μӿƾٿԣҴģһúá
ʯô˵ﻹǺܸ˵ģȴûбֳ
̽㣿ʯӣ⸱ڵģ̽ɵġӮҵġ
Թ̽ɶǳúÿ˵ġóûʸ̽ɵġ
ʯô˵ʵ˵ֳó
Ҿͺ˵㣬Ҳ󡣡ֲطҳĳҲ󣬱Ͼҳ㡣
ŶСӳ
ʯ˵ҿûôڡ
ұסŭݵ˵Уұɾ
ֱ˲١ȻȣЩڵġ
ȻЩڣǿȴǳǸС
˼Ǹֳǳεҡҡͷ
ٴοаһ£˲ʲô
ٴοи԰һ£ԕDҲϡ档
˵䲻ҪĻҪ³Ժ͸ԣҲܿ׻
£ֺпܿСԪ
ԕDͷʮ֮|ˣ顣˵飬˵һ¡
ǰԕDѰʯ͡
ںܳڹŴǱȽټġ
Ŀǰηֵͷǳ١
ͭϡеġ
Ѱ꣬ʳ˾ҵһȽϷḻ󣬲ھȽѡȻЩѣǲһ취ûСʯҲҵˣʱû취ʹãΪûм
ʯǸʱòˣֻҸǡ
ԕDŪȻ㹤ҵĿǰεʺϸ㹤ҵ
⻼ܶ࣬Щû㹤ҵġ
ھ͸㹤ҵôֻٴε
ǵ⣬⼸һֱڽ
⻼⣬ûпʼȵ·ݾҪˡ
ǣ⻼һӽġ
ԕDԼСȹʮ꣬ʮٸ߹ҵҲü
ʯҲһòˣսãջٵо˵ʯյоЩݳˡʹݳޣԕDǻսϡ
ҵʯͣҵ˲ú
ȥ꣬ԕDú¯ӺͷúŪ˳츣ϰաúЩ󣬲ÿÿõ
ϰռﶼú¯Ӻͷúˮ̫ˡ
ԕD鷿һú¯ӣרտˮݲ衣
˵һ£ԕDһֱѸŪǼޣʳ˾ĹʵζûаѸһ²ԕDûʳ˾Ĺ
ҵһЩԕDûʳ˾ĹǴıЩոʮһϡ
£һֱѷıĺɹ𣿡
ʳ˾Ĺڴµʱ϶вϸġЩϸı¯Щĺɹ
˵ǷǶĺɹ˵ǰ
вĺɹΪЩûмԸ⻨Ǯ򡣡Щȱ㣬һսӰ쵽ǵġ
ܾòȫ
ǳȫԕDǻЦĺɹûǮǷֶΪĲ˵˵ĺɹ˲Ǯ
ԕDôǰĺɹ²ˣһһңĺɹԸⱻ²ˡ
Щĺɹ
ĺɹĽʿҲЩò˶ȡ֮ǰζʲô
ζĺɹĽʿǵڴε
ȵսεĽʿ֪Щȱ㣬ʱԸĺɹʿ׶ˡ
ԕDѷĺɹҪľ⡣
Щȱ㣬ĺɹǲֻ֪Щ
ȻĺɹԶҲЩڴΡ
ĵľӪѾʼʹЩԕDζЦЦǺΪʲôòȫ
»ᱻĺɹ֡
ǲֵᷢġЩ˱ĶĺɹҲֲˡھڵɹľӪá
ԕD˵ôƶû˵ʲôˡ
£ɹǱߵĹԱԽԽ̰ˡ
ԽԽ̰ðԕD˫ֳϣƽ°ͣҪǮȻҪṩķ񡣡֣ԕDҧرء
Խ̰ԽǺ£ǲ̰
ǣ£ҪԽԽ֣ô죿Ҫ𣿡
ȻҪۡԕDֵʳָô棬֪ܴǵĵߣȻǾûǮ׬ˡ
ҲǣɹЩԱθڱιˣҡǮΪԺԴԴϵǮɹЩԱҲҳ׵ǡ
£취̫ˡ
ԕDһЦϾû˲ǮɹҲ⣬˭Ǯȥ
ôöǣҪͻȻˣǿ϶ϰߡ
ɼףѡԕDЦЦ
˵ǡ
ǰ뵽Ըɹķӡ
ɹ˾ܾˡ
ЩɹԱȻ֪ǵĿĲǵ͵ס|
µ̫ˡ
˵Ҳǳպݶ
游˵ҲֻеŲķ
ɹеķǳãò˼꣬ɹһоܱաʱɹʲô¡


126 
ԺԵĿ̺͹븮һ, ԺҪԺ͸ԡ
֮ǰĸԺȻĳ, ֻҪԣͲҪμʣԡԺͬԺԱ뿼Ժ͸ԡ
ԺԿԵݺ͸һѶȴһ
ΪͯһԣѶҪԺ͸ԼҪѡ
Ժܶѧ˵ԺԾһܶ˿Ժ͸ԣȴԺԡ
Ժ, ѧǾ˹, Ϊš, кܶŻߡ, ۸˰ͻ١, ܴӵ쵽һЩ, λ, ܵõ˵ء
˵ǿƾٿԡ͵, йܱûðɡԲѧ˵Ƕûʲô֣ܿ, Ҳһҫ顣
ڹеĵλ, ÿв˿šкܶ˿˼ʮĿƾٶûпš
ɵĿƾٿԣԶҪЩʹкܶûСЩھɵĿƾٿûпŵˣҪԺпźѡ
µĿƾٿԲӴѶȣҲС¼ȡ
꾩ǵ¼ȡҲֻһʮǰ¼ȡٸ, ǧһСʮ, ֪üˡ
ԺԵĵ, 꾩ǾȻСꡣ
컹û־ͳǰѧ
ȻС꣬ǲӰѧӿԵ顣
ѧڴ飬ȴŹѧŴ򿪡
îʱѧ׼ʱ򿪡
ΪĹϵڹѧԺﶥѧڵȴѲʱͲꡣ
ɨһΧвˣ׷ԲԵ˲μԺԡЩ˵ͱе游˵ʵЩˡ
Щһֱţ˵ǾͲǶϣα˷ʱ䣬˷ѼǮμӿƾٿԡ
Ȼֲ⣬Щ˲μӿƾٿԡ
ܿ죬ֵˡ
ֵ֪ģϾԺ͸ԣ˰סڽμӿƾٿԵѧУǱȽġټϣԺ͸Եʱǰ벻ӡ̶ѡ
ͨѲ飬׼֤ҵλ
ҵλſϣصſ˯ʱڿˡ
õִµɨһۿ⣬ȷȸѣǶ˵Ƿǳ򵥡ʱ־ʹп⣬漴ǰˡ
˼ʱһҲ⡣ǹĵѯһ䣺Ѳѣ
ѡ
ʲôʵ
ҴȥͲڼˡȥ׵ڣûнˣˡӽҾͲˡ
Ŷ⸱żҪģ̲סȤô
ҶûˣҺþûмˣˡֺԕDͬͬסϰ˱˴˵ĴڡڣͻȻֿ£ǳϰߡ
ԕDľǹеĺóԵġ
˵ǸԻͷˡȻ˵ĳղǸȣǿ϶ܶġ
㻹һ̶벻°Ҳ֪ƻˣаɣɡ
֮ǰһֱסڶﶼڶҪʰض
Ϊ̫ӵµİȻнơ
ſڵȻʶ֣ع׷׻ӭ
ֺܻ˵ûԼ̫ӵµİĿˣ෴ǳ̶ͣϲҲ˵ڹԵͦġ
˹ֱ
⴫΢΢££ı˵ˣֿԺԾͽˡ
ûͱﻵˡԕD˵꣬Ԫȥ׼һЩƽʱԵĸ㡣
ּҴҵ߽鷿ȻûǸԕD
ԕDһѷ֣˱һ
£ˡ
֣Ҳ㡣ԕDϰߡֺȻߣǳϰߣҸо˲١
վһԵĲԕDǱű˴ˣ˵ԷĻĵط˸ۣ˻顣
ָԕDһ
ʵҲ֡
һ߳ŵģһ߸ԕDǿͯԵ顣
ܿ죬͵ŵʱ䡣
ֻųζȣû죬ҲûйԕD˵ȴýżԕD˵
£ͯԻ̫ˣӦüӴһЩѶȡ
֣仰ҪǱѧһᱻġ
̫ˡ
˵򵥣Ƕ˵סԕDбһ˵ǰԺԣֻ֪꾩жûп𣿡
ʵˣ
ǰμԺԵİٶ涨¼ȡٶǿǿﵽ¼ȡ׼ֻһٶǰԺԻſˣȻһٶûСѧǶڱԹԺԱǰĽѣ˵͢Ϊǣǿ𣿡
ԕD˵£
Լ̫ˡ
̫̫µĿƾٿѶҪǰ˲٣ѶȣȻѧҪˡ㲻ı׼ȥˣҲ˸һ
֣Ϊİȫ룬ԺֻҪ˵ˣȻ㱻򡣡Ȼμӿƾٿԣô˵ЩǷˡ
ʼ˵ðɣԺ˵ˡ
ô˵ҪСԪԕDϷʵ֣ĿСԪϵһˣкθ룿
ûκθ롣˵СԪֲʲô˲õ顣
Ȼ
ԕDͲµֶԼСԪһ²⡣
һƾٿԵԕD˵³Ϸ顣
ʱ䣬˿ƾٿԣϲûʲô鷢һЩС¡
ЩС¶ԕDڴ
ȥ꿪ʼھͷԕDܶ¡һЩش飬ҪԴȻԕD
ǼڿʼԕDµȻ֧֡ǲ֧ҲС
ڣʲô飬ǻֱԕD顣
ȥ飬Ҳᱻڸϵ
ԕDʹãȻתڡ
ϣڶʲô⡣
ȥԕDֻʮ꣬Ǵȴǳϵܵ
һʼǻ̫ӵ´£Ͼ̫Сˡǣ̫ӵ´ȴҪúܶࡣ
ȻտʼԕD»Щɬֺѧûþˣ֮ԽԽˣԕD·ǳ񣬴ҪºԕDǺƲġ
ԕDһֹı飬ĵʵ֣£
££ҵЩᣬ֪òøԕD˵䷨һ¡
ôˣԕDȻ뵽ʲôЦֱ۸أʯ۸Ϊ֡
ûУҵӦԼ˵ǵΪ˼ɿƾٿԣʱֲ֪ԕD˵䷨һºϲʡ
һµģԕDЩˣôˣ
룬ǾȸԕDҵ˱䷨
䷨
ԕD룬ʯı䷨Ҫˡ


127 
ּ򵥵ظԕD˵˵ı䷨, £ҵı䷨ô
ԕD˵ʯı䷨ɫǳƽ, ȴһҲƽȻ֪ʯ䷨, ô˵, ﻹƲסسԾ
ʯı䷨̫ǰ, ǳϺȴʺγ
ôǰı䷨ʯڳˡ
˺Ŵͣһر顣
⡭䷨Щ꣬˲١Ȼڶ棬ȲֺԕDҪ˴ˡ
ּԕDĬͷ΢΢һ£ҵı䷨𣿡
ԕD΢΢ЦЦ֣Ȼֻ˵һ, ı䷨ܺáĻû˵꣬ͼֵɫ¶һЦݡ
ǡ
, ողЦݾסˡ
ʵʡ
ʵʣЩ, ﲻʵˣҵı䷨, ǰְһľ飬Ҳ濼ܽġ
ԕD˵ۣƽ͵ؽ, ˵ʵ, Ͳܽ, е
֣˵Ĳʵʣ˵ı䷨鸡˵ʵʯı䷨ǺܺãĲʺγ
ԕDô˵ֵ΢Щ̫ԕD˼
£˵Ĳʵʲô
֣˵Ĳʵִʵʡ
ִУ
ԣִлһ⡣ԕD˵ı䷨ǺõģһִȥʵġԭΪϰպõ飬ɿӺϰյԪס
ʲô˼ֱԕD仰ŵˣ£ҵı䷨ôẦϰգΪ˰䷨
ı䷨Ầϰգִб䷨˻Ầϰաʯ䷨֮ʧܣִе˺áͱ˵Žţũ֣ũǲǿԸȥ裿
⻰˵ЩãȻǵ˵ͷǣû
ԭ˼ũԸȥ裬ǵ˵طţΪũţ֡ԕDüͷ˵еũţ֣ܰŵţĺúõģеũȴû
ҪǰţǿӲؽЩûţũôũʲô³
£ֹּΪũţ֡
֣̫ˡԕDҡҡͷ˵ȷּõŲܱũţǵҪΥ͢ô֪
Уĵطţֵũܶ࣬õ˳͢İϿɣôطŻôԕDΪصĹԱʲô鶼ġҺ͵Զ꾩ǣô֪Щ顣ߣٹ໤˶顣࣬Ҳϰ˵Ըġ
ԕDⷬóĬ
һԵĲʮ޳ԕD˵ЩΪĹԱϰսţֵ顣
ЩԱΪɲϰյĹԱĸںһѡűϰսţ֣ĻֺϰռĵزԕDŻ֣з
ʷϣʯı䷨йһʱ䣬ͳԕDո˵ĵűϰս²ϰռҲʯ䷨ʧܡ
֪ԕD˵Ķԡ˺ͷ
£ûа취ֹЩԱ𣿡
ԕD˿֣ҡҡͷ˵ûа취Ҳ˵ı䷨ʵʡ˵ֲ꣬һ䣬ִ½Ҹղ˵ĸء
ͷͬ˵˵ǡ
ǳءı䷨ΪãǸոԕD˵ִⷽĺı䷨һ¡
֣úõظ˵˵ԕDĵ̾˿˵ı䷨ʱʺϴΡ
΢΢ףһúøҵ˵ġʲô뵽ˣΨû뵽˵ִС
Ǳ䷨Ǹĸ÷ʵСԕD뵽λкܶڲûɫı䷨ĺܳǰôģʯʱںı䷨ܳɹʵС
£ҵǸʵ䷨ġ
ַǳϸظԕD˵˵ôһ䷨ݵġ
ԕDͲ˶һĿɿڴı顣
£ֻǴ˵ҵı䷨û˵˵ҵı䷨Щطá
⵹ǣ޾ϸظҵ˵˵°ɡʯı䷨һ㶼ãЩõġ
л¡䷨뱲ӵѪΪЩؿǳ˲ٿ࣬˲˼ϣѪôװ׷ϵ
лңı䷨ҪһöûУҵĺѣҲ᲻ı䷨ڹ˽ϣԕDһ塣
£ҵı䷨ҪһöûУҲ˵
⵹ǡ
һԕDȥԺ
ҵʯ󣬰ԕDԱ䷨һµ̬ȸ˵ˡ
ʯӵĻǷǳԾ÷ǳء
ټҺú˵˵䷨һ¡
ʯͷãټ档
ܿó鲻̫ˣ˵ˣı䷨ܺãֻһЩֲʵʣҲЩݻõġ
ʯ֪ڰο˵ĺܶԣû뵽ִִϣһѪָ׶ˡ뵽˵ᷢʯһ亹
²㡣
û£ضɡȻʯЩܣûб˵̫ӵ˵ķǳԡ
û£ŷĵػضˡ
˺󣬻ðɣԕDĵʵ
˵˵öԣǲܡ
˼ǲܣ벻ŻôʯвţҲһù٣벻ⷽ
£㲻˵Ҳ벻̾˿˵ҶԹٳǲ̫˽⡣
ԕD仰Цˣ㻹ûнٳȻԹٳ˽⡣㿼״Ԫͻٳʱ˽ܶ顣˵ֵ꣬ļ򣬡ٳ飬㻹ʱҪģȹ·ݵ԰ɡ
ԺѾṫɼţԡ
ڹ׼ʱ
ԵѶҪͯԵѶˡ
֮ǰԺԵһżʵԲǿƾٿҪҲѵһżҪԣɲһ򵥵顣
£ĿԻѣ
ȻѣϾһοԡԕDζ˵ǰʡԣһѶȶûУ˵Ѳѣ
⻰ŵˣô𣿡
֮ǰǰʡԵĿ˵ʵһѶȡû뵽Ҫʡ⡭
Ҫо˿ɲһ¡˵ĹҪŴ󡣿ţǲֱȥٵģǾ˿ԡȻȥ٣һʼĹְǳͣúãԺְġ
ֻǷǳŵ˵·ģһоٵġнԪûʲôգǿоˣİջǷǳġ˵ҲûнԪԵĵһнԪ
صֻǸǰһԕD߶顣
պԕDһʱֵ֪ԺԳɼ


128 
ԕDİĳɼһ, ȻһʱԕDټϣԕDǽƾٿԵܿ١
ԕDֵ֪ĳɼ͸
, ԺԿ˵ڼ
ԕDô, ΢΢üͷ漴ƽ˵ǰף
ԕDͷ˵û, ֿ˰ס
ֵ֪Լֿ˰, ɫǳŶ
ֵķӦô򾲣ЩȻ˵, 㿼СԪ
ֵ֪ûκ
ӦˣǵһСԪ, ֵܱܲظ˵㣿䵭ķӦ, СԪһǳϡƽ顣
бһ۲ʲôø˵ģСԪĲһֵôСֵ顣
?
ӦԕDͲµˡ
˵, СԪϡ顣
΢΢ͷû
ԕDؿ֣֣ȻСԪ, ҪҪѡҲˣ
ԕD仰, ֺܴ治͸һۡ
£ΪСԪôôÿ𣿡
ԕDֵļ, Це˵, ҾĴǣǺпܿСġ
һԵĲǳ޳ɵص˵ͷ, ŬŬ˵Ϳˡ
, ٸѹ𣿡
, ڼ, Ϊ¿ƾٵһԪˡԕDԭѹ, Ҳ뼤ֿСǣɵؿСԪ˵ŬһܿС
£֮ǰ˵ԺͻԣеԷǳѡִû뵽С顣ԼҪô룬̫ԲˡܿоͲˡ
Ǻѣ㿼ȫûġϣ˽ֲܵˣʯԕD
ûл꾩֮ǰԕDһֱϵǳ˽⡣ֻص꾩ǣΪԕDİԕD˽⡣˵ŵĻֶԼ˽⣬»ԕD
֣ĴǣúõŬһѣǺпܿСġԕDֵļ򣬡벻ԼһѣԼΪʷϵһԪڵ״Ԫɣ
ԭûпСĴ㣬ԕDôһ˵ЩĶˡ
£ľܿСȻ֪ԼܴǶڿСһ£ﲢûʲôա
ԼһѣǺаտеġԕD°˵ҿרŽ̵㣬㿼еĿԸ󡣡
־£漴æҡͷ˵ôæרŽ̵ң̫鷳ˡ
ҾҲ̳һԪڵѧԕD˵ţɫһӱ÷ǳ֣࣬˵벻ԣҪԣ͸㰲š
һԡֵ֣ҾӦһԡ
Ϊ̫ӣһԪһ¡ԕDΪϧ˵ϧ̫ӣܲμӿƾٿԣĿ޷ʵˡ
£ϣʵĿꣿ
⵹ǣϣԡԕD̼˵ô㲻ң
ֱӵؿһԕD£̫ͼˡ
ֿԕDҲûΣ෴ǳ̹Ȼ˵Ҿڴ㰡
ȻͼǺáֺȻЦԸһԡ
ִӦԕDһҲȡǷǳԸԿԪ
УҾרŽ̵㡣
ʵҵҾ͹ˡȻǳЦ˵֪ĲŻܿ״ԪġúýĻпܿСġ
ټԕD˵ŷǶ㣬㿼еĿԻһЩ
ȻһֲԤС
£ǡ
ԕD¶һЦЦĺɭȻħѵ
֣֪
ںҲˡԕDЦķǳҪħѵ
Ц˵֣ҲΪá
£ΪԼ
ԕDһ޹֣ôΪԼΪð
£ҪԪڣ¿ƾٿԣָֽƾٿԵ̫ӵ»ᱻ˳̵ġĺܡ
һû뵽㡣ԕDı鿴ˣô˵Ҳ㿼Ԫ̫ӵҲմ⣬Ҳʷ
թ̫ӵ£˿£װɵˣһʼǴ⡣
ɵԕD޹̯֣֣Ҵ⣬ҲаҾͲôҪ󡣡
Ȼ˵ʵȴЩˬ
֣ǿԪһԡԕDǳֿԼûаտԪջҵ顣
ֵһ۵˱˻ԵԕDû˵˭˵ûаա
֣ȻаգͿɡ
֣ǡֱ´
Ҿ͸˵Ҿǳ̵ġ
֣ȻѾӦһԣʲô˵ˡúõظǶ顣
ȻԕD˵ˣ֪ԿСǳˣҷǳԸ̵֡
ҲǱʿСҲԸһԡ
⣬ŷҲӦˡ
Ϊ֣ŷǻһô̵֡
ʯ֪ҪСǾ£漴ͼС
ܱسרŽ̵ԕDǵڶˣһǳҵ顣ǳҲǳж
̵֣㣬ҪǿСͶ˰
£ܲܲҪٸѹֺȻѹǳ
˲㣬ǲԼǱܷӳΪ˽ֵӣԕDŻôѹ˵ѹǶŲѹ
һ˽Լѣǡʱʲô¡
£㲻̫ӣһһ𿼡
Ҫ̫ӣ˵ԼԸ⿼ԕD˵ţɫ֣͵Ϊҿɡ˵ʵԿƾ٣֪ԼЩôעܲμӿƾ١
ԕD˼ûд
ҲŲҪΪ㿼ҪΪԼ
ԕDЦУΪԼúÿ
ڶ죬־ûиԕDһ飬ؽרΪĽ̵
æΪ׼ʱŸ
ĵ죬һԕDˣȻϳȥ
ôҪĻԕDΪ̫ӣȻҪ֪ڣһҪϲ챣ŸĴһ˳
ԕDģȻ֣ڲҪȥ
ַ꣬˲ٱڡ
ţԕDŸźƺƵĴӴ꾩Ǻ뿪
վͷϣŴӵ뿪ԕDڴ
ŵŸʱδٲƸҲδ
ȻŸŴŴ뿪ԕDѾڴγصĻ档
˺óףԕD幵óס½ϵ˿֮·ðĽС
ջرİռļݣǰĵ·ͨȫ
ǽ꿼ƾ٣Ѿոˡ
ոģԕDһ֮ڸ㶨
ɹһ֮ڿ϶У֮ڣӦò


129 
ʯı䷨, Ȼûȫõͬ
Ҳʯı䷨ܺãǾԕD˵ܶ඼ʵʡ, ʯı䷨ȫ, һЩõġ
õĶûκγɣּȥȻЩõݣ˵編ʲôıˡ
䷨ʯʮʱһĻܾģ˵һѪ, һŹһ롣
һѪ, ֮ݵĶãֻ֮һݲűɣʯ˵, ϶ǸСĴǣЩɵ, ķڷ, ûκԹ, ˼ǲܡ
ʯûз䷨, µı䷨Ȼ, µı䷨Ҫھɵı䷨֮Ͻ
Ϊµı䷨, ʯٴȥְ֮ǰı䷨ȫʵУΪȥĵطˣ͵ص˽Ĳࡣ
ڼʯҪȥְҲֻôӦ, ҪȽƾٿԽ
ʯԭҲȵӿƾȥְ
Ҫȥְһ, һҲþȡȥ, һġ
⼸꣬꾩ǣûȥְҪΪ̫Сô˵㣬ǲ꾩ǡ
ʯ꾩Ǵ꣬ǲϲ꾩¡꾩̫˽ײϰյͲûʲôϲȥأ˽⵱ϰյ취ǹϺӡ
ʯʵɼңԕDǷǳ͵ġǶʵʵڵΪϰ£ôϰյӻùܶࡣ
˵顣ֿԺԵʱԕDĳٹȥ꾩ⴺ
ǰھͰѴԕDٹٴͲܻʺͲ¶ˡ
ںͲܻʺ͵ȥΪԕDõģŰѴȫȫؽ
ÿ꣬ԕDҪǴա
ʱԕDʹǸز
յʱԕDŴǸӣӡ
ˣԕDŴȥݣ档
Ϊ̫ӵ¾ȥũ£ںóزͳЩ顣
ֹˣ̫ѧѧǺѧУѧũҲǳ˽⡣
⼸̫꣬ѧپͨũµѧ
ԕDвѧóũ£һţũҵ
ũҵڻרŹũҵ顣
óͨũµˣҪƾ٣ֻҪũҵŵĿˣũҵְ¡
ũҵŵĹԱԽԽࡣȻǲܱȵġ
˳͢ũҵطҲũҵ
Դũҵũ·˳˺ܶࡣԕDˮûɹ
ֲˮԕDҲ٣ũҵĹǼо
ԕDũҵĹϡԭѻʸģǻҪĿԪ̫࣬ĿǰλûǸþпʲôŪ
첻ǷϿ԰öķ͸ݡʲôϻǿԵġ
˵ҪĶ㣬ԕDȻ뵽ء
ؿǸöŪúǳȻһֱû
ԕD뵽غ󣬾͸ʳ˾Ĺ˵˵صԭȻȥȥ顣
һ½ʳ˾ĹǺԕDûٹע顣Щ죬æսһ¡
սϣҪõս˵ŪĴ|Ҫսˡ
ԕDسսʼоȻıоЩΪޣŪսҲǳأ϶ûȵġ
ҵ𡭡ԕD
ѹҵŪĿǰε״ĲʺϡǣŪҵܶ༼Ҳòˡ
ԕD˼ȰŪڹҵԺ˵
ҪŪĺܶණ뿿
ǰûоֻʷϿҪ̫סԭ֪ġ
ԕDͼԭʳ˾Ĺ˵˵
ʳ˾Ĺ˺ȻǷǳ𾪡
ЩǾ̫ӵĶÿζᱻš
ÿΣ̫ӵĶǴһǣûã̫ӵ뵽ĶǳԾ
ʳ˾ĹǾ˽ۣ̫ӵôЩϡַǳĺö
Щ꣬ԕDһֱûʳ˾ȫļܹɽ񣬻ʳ˾Ĺǳ࣬ó档
ΪҲҪ͵Щͻʳ˾ߵĺܽŵ˵ɻʳ˾ˡ
һգԕD˳ǰ׼һĄӡ
ȿȿȿȿȡǰգЩ纮һֱڿԡ
ԕDïʵһȲ裬ڸϽڡ
˷纮݋Ҳ˷纮
˷纮ĵڶգܻʺҲ˷纮
ܻʺ󲢲ǱڴȾġ
⼸ֻ꣬ÿµĳһʮŻȥƽһ㶼ȥֵ
ܻʺһֱŲ̲ķ޹ϵ
ԕDҲû˵ʲôͦõġҪá
ʹˣ΢Ѿʮˣһ겻һꡣӽԵظоԼˣǰ
ƽЩҩƫƫӵȷûǰãûʲô⡣֮ǰʷϵһʮͲţ̫ҽڵӡ
̫ҽǾĵĵ£ڵҪʮʱҪһЩ
ʮֵ׳꣬ȴһĲ仹ļǰЩ꣬ļʱʱ⼸꣬ļһζûз
ҪӣҪš
úúãԺһߡ⻰˵÷ǳܡ
׷纮ﲻ˷纮ֹںͲܻʺ˷纮̺͹ŮҲˡ
ԭΪֻһͨķ纮Ͼÿ괺죬ﲻ˻ܷ纮û뵽ûգ꾩ǵһ˷纮꾩ǵҩı÷ǳš
ԕDյϢ󣬾ּҩǼּۡطƷ纮ҩġ
ͨķ纮иðԕDǽţĻˣæ̫ҽȥ꾩ǵҽ
꾩꾩ǵϰǲҪĴѣôڼ
ʹԕD˲ԤĴʩǻ˲ˡ˲ࡣ
˵ǣʱûпƾٿԡпƾٿԣֻѧҲá
ⳡиðÿ죬ȥҲ졣
ǺϰǼ̫ӵ·ӦѸ٣ҼʱĿס飬ûòһӣǳ塣ͬʱҲǳм
꾩ǵиðպãԕDյϢɹڳ컨컨ʼɹӡ
ɹƲ컨ôпܻᴫ
ڹŴ컨͵ڵ
ԕDæּϷɹ컨Ρ
ɹ컨εİա


130 
, ԕDڸ˵컨ɹһ¡
һ컨뵽ǰõ飬ɫ÷ǳѿ
ɹ컨ΡСʱ, 꾩˵컨Ȼ󴫵һ, 꾩˲ˡ
ʱźڵһС̵컨ȫ˺ʮֵˡţûþˡ
DDʲô취ֹɹ컨ӵ𣿡Сʱʶ컨Сʱĳٴݡ
ԕDšüͷ˵ʱûʲôð취̫ҽԺƶһϵеԤʩ
ڵͷ˵ãô졣
, Ҫסɹ컨, ͱ뱣֤ĽʿͰǲȾ̫ҽȥԷһԕD˵, ּñľӪԤ
ھּ, Ȼ˰Ӽ͹ȥںܿдʥּ, ïʵæ͵
ԕD̫ҽԺ̫ҽе˸Ԥ컨һ¡
̫ҽһɹ컨һɫ䡣
ɹβԸɹ컨, Ǿˡ, 컨Ǿ֢, ĿǰΪֹûκΰ취컨ϵ컨ˣֻܵ
̫ҽԺһ̫ҽ컨ʶ컨񻹲컨Ŀ־޴롣
ԕD˼̫ҽȥ֮ǰǵôԤ컨ұ˵֡
ʱ϶ûҽÿֻ֣ɴ֡
˵ɴͲò޻
ʷϣƳʱ޻ʹˣǸʱ޻Ϊģ·ġߣ޻Ҫ󣬺ܶطֲڼǰԕDùǸ޻ӣôȫڶֲ޻ֹˣ޻ڵô˳
޻Ҫ޳лƤ·ˡĿǰ޻Ѿڴȫƹֲϰô޻·
üɴ֣ԤЧǲģҪǻѭʹá
컨Ҫҩģ౸һЩұ뾡
Ԥ컨Ĵʩ̫ҽǰǰҩĺɴЩʱ͹ȥ
ֻбԤ꾩Ҳõ̷ȻطҲҪǰԤ
ɹ컨һ£֪ô䣬ϰշǳš
Ĺˣᵽ컨Ƕ֮ɫ䡣
Ȼɹ˭ҲȷᴫΡ
ϰĻ̻̣ԕD˸ʾϰôԤʩˣϰǣָȡԡͷۡʹֻϳ˺һҪȥҽƣҪڼӲ
ʾϣϰգ͢׼˺ܶҩģҲ׼˲Ʒϰշġ
ϰǿ͢ĸʾʱ˲١
ĺ󣬽æ׼ԡ
Լɹ컨Ӱ쵽ѧǵ顣
Ϊ˳ҲΪѧܰĵؿԡԵĸһһ
Կǰ죬־ͻԼˣûڶš
⼸գڼϰΡ
ǰʱ䣬ָǶ飬ѧ˲ٶԿǰðѼλ̵Ķúõ¡
Կǰһ죬ԕDյĴϢ
ɹ컨Ѿġ
в˵컨
껺ͼλΪ룬æ˳ȥ
ԕDΪϧس̾һ
£̾ʲôһеʵʲô𣿡
Ҳ컨Ѿ˳ȥ
ʲôҲ컨ɹȥģһʵ
ţɹȥġԕD˵ֲ꣬һ䣬ĵ컨ͦصġ
ǴΡľڴεıϡ컨ôأôξΣˡ
Ҳ֪ܷܲסԕDǳġ
ɹɹһǹɢ컨ġ
ҲųֿܡԕDֵʳָô棬ɫ˼컨ǵǿṥɹġ컨ĴȾԼǿǾ֢һȾϾͻȻǹɹĵĺûᡣ
⵹ǣ˵컨Ҳ˰һص̾Ϣûʲô컨𣿡
컨ԕD⻰΢΢£漴뵽ʲô̧ĴԼĶͷһյ˵ôˡ
£ʲôˣ
ߣȥ̫ҽԺ˵꣬ԕDͷȥ̫ҽԺ
£ȥ̫ҽԺʲôæ׷ȥ
̫ҽ̫ӵºȻ̫ҽԺΪʲô飬һ¶ٴеı顣
ԕD̫ҽһ¶ţǰЦЦûзʲôµģм
£ʲô飬뾡ܷԸ
뵽һܺԤ컨İ취
̫ҽ⻰һɫ÷ǳ£ʲô취
ţȻţ취ˣǡ
ţ̫ҽһ¶ɻ󣬡£ʲôţ
ţԤ컨
ԕDǳϸظ̫ҽǽôţԼţķպá
̫ҽԕD˵ţһĿࡣ
ˣԺţţķշǳС̫СпܻţʱǸϿʵ顣
£
ãԕD˵ķǳƶãҪϿŪ
̫ӵ˵ô϶̫ҽǲٳԥ
£Ͼȥ
ˣţһķգŪʱСĵ㡣
·ģһСġ
ţ齻̫ҽԕDһ
͵̫ҽǰţʵɹ
̫ҽܰţɹŪôԺ컨˾ͻٺܶࡣȻţܱ֤һ컨ţȾ컨ĿԻС
ԕD뿪̫ҽԺתȥ˸˵ţ顣
͵վɫǳDD˵ģ
ģȻǰ̫ҽܳɹţԕDЦ˵ȳɹˣôԺǴÿţʱܺܺõԤ컨ԺҪ컨ǾͲˡ
úúã̫ˣЦݡ
̫ҽǰţŪҪѵظÿţԕDһ˵ţֻ²ϰûǮţ
˵öԣϰţ
εÿţôǾͲ컨ˡϧޣĿǰֻܰţŪκ컨磬ǲġ
һҪ̫ҽŪڻ̫ҽԺһּ⣬̫ҽذţŪ
ڲּ̫ҽҲƴȫذţŪΪ֪ţҪԡ
ţ齻̫ҽԺԕDʱõһԡҪæԣϾǽƾٿԵܿ١
¿ƾٿԵĵһԣǳشúöţκ鷢
ԕDȥԺٴθǺ˶Ե׼ȷ󣬲ûκ©ŷġ
ҪˣҲ֪ڽţ˵
»еţϾҪд|Ԫ
ıԕD˵ˣЩš֮ǰͯԵʱֽŶûС
ʯӵĽţسЦôԿã
ֵһʯҲԿãҿнԪǴӦҪд|Ԫġ
ǺѿнԪʯ˵ŷȰ㲻ҪǿԼнԪ
֪ǹ⼤ģֻϵˡ
ƫƫҪнԪ͵ſɡ
𣿡ʯһɣҵš
ú˵ûٴתԼ䣬׼˯
Ҫ첻ȥԺԣ˯¡
ԷǳҪĿڹԺ
ԕDȻ뵽ʲôζЦЦ죬ȥԺΪܿ٣Ӧȥ


131 
Ժ֮ǰͯԵ̲һ, ȻԵݻһѶȿ϶رʮѶȵĻͯԵԼѶֻķ, ôԵѶȾ߷֡һӿάȣѶȿ֪
ͯԵԲǿһǿҵ쿼ܻؼңԲǵġȻֻҪڿ죬ǲܳؼҵġ
Դʮʼʮһ, ʮ忼ڶ, ʮ˿
һԣҪʫʸ踳о塣, ѵģҲҪġ
ڶ, Ҫ徭Ͳۡ
ԣҪʱʵͲ, 
ڿԹУѧǶԼĿǳС, ֻһƽסѧǳԺȶҪխĿռȻҲҪס档
ѧҪԼӡȻֻܴ˯ԼĿĵϡ
ѧǷˮһЩƷ, з
ʱڿԣѧǿɶҪԼԵġԕDѧǿѾˣڲṩʳˮѧǺпܻ
ϲҲǸ⡣ʱڿԺͻ, ϲԼĿСṩһͰѧӡ
첻ܲС, ܲ, ֪ζжšԕDʱڿǿԻ߻ԵģûҲᱻѬ
ԕDּڹԺ޽˲ѧ뷽㣬ԳԼĿȥϲȻΪ˷ֹףѧϲʱ򣬻ţš
ʮʱṩˮѧҪĻֱ򿼳롣
еѧӴı챡ƣů͡ٿṩǡ
֮ҪԻһ㣬ѧûк֮ǵؿԡ
ϿѲִҵĿ
ȻСǺܸɾѰıʡīóڷڲϡţٰѱͷóڵϡٽţѲͲ豭óڷźá
ѧǲܴԵģǻڳԵĶֽ˵ṩʳûҪ
ûһѧǾ½½صˡ
ȵʱĿ̣׼ʱ
ٴ˽ȻóÿǼ֤ܷģûб𿪡
ȿǼ֤ٲŻܷѿóȻһһŸѧǡ
ѧõ󣬾ܴ⡣ѧҪˮԾʾ⡣
֮ǰѧվڹԺԺѲ飬һȫ䡣
ѮǷǳģϡ
ٷǳϸģȿǾ룬ȸѧǷˮ
ûмŴ⣬ǵˮ
ǰԕD͸һ޽ǰַһЩʣµȫ
ܿ죬ֵ֡
ҪһСˮݲ衣ʱǰζ˱ǶƢ
ԕDߣֵĲ˲١
˼Ȳ裬ָоԼ˹ȫ¶̹ˡ
еغ˼ڲſʼµɨһۿԹȻͯѶˡԵѶûг
ڿ֮ǰǼλ˿⣬ҷǳѡԵĿǳȣԵü򵥶ˡ
ƾٿԵĿⲻǳġǼ֮ǰһֱٳ⣬ܲһֱ
ԡԡԵĿ⣬һԕDġĿⶼǺԺ˳ġ
ԕDĿȻѣԷǳ󡣿ҪǲܺúĿͻ壬ʱͻƫ⡣
ֿĿԕD²һϲĿ壬̫ˡ
쿼һԣʱ˵ȫ㹻ġ˵ʱ»Щ
ֺѧĿԡʱ糯ԕD׼Ժ
ûлض³ֱӴɫĳԺ
Ǽ̫ӵˣȻæӭݡ
ԕDǲùúõȥѲ࿼ûмȥֵĿȥ
ǳֻѧдֵ
ѧǶͷרעش⡣Ѳٲû⡣
ԕDŲڿѲһûĸѧǰͣѧӴ⡣ҪվѧӵĿǰŵڴѧӡ
һѧӴЩˣ̧ͷ²ӣȻһɫ·ǿɻ£ļҵĺӣôܵԵĿѵĳٵĶӣ
԰ٵĶҲԵĿ˭Ȼһ⣬ò̫ӵ°ɣ
ԕDע⵽ڿѭ˹ȥһѧĿɿڴµӦ֪ݣ΢΢ЦЦ
һЦǸѧЦͨ졣
ԕDٴȥǸѧӾûĿԡתһȦ뿪ˣǰһ
ոձԕDע⵽ѧӣǳ
ոǸ̫ӵ
ļ̫ӵˣ
ˣո̫ӵ¶Цˣ
ټѧӺһɵЦģ˵úÿԡ
ѧһæͷ⡣ǣһʱһֶдȥġһֱطŸոպ̫ӵĿԵĳ
ԕDȥһʱ򣬱ѧϳ̲ס˳˲á֡ԕDΣֻһѧǺúÿԣұʾǳڴܿС
̫ӵô˵ѧǵȻǳܹ裬һʱ˼Ѫһ
ԕDȥ˼ֱַֻ֣һѧǺúÿԡ
ȥֵĿ
ֵһԕDġԕDڿõԲ˫ۡ
⸱ԾģԕD̲סЦ˳
ԕDôˡ
ԕDü˵ܿ٣ȻҪѲӼ࿼
ֲŲԕDⷬûʵĻõǹġ
ԕDջĿ⣬ɫ˲÷ǳ࣬Ѳ顣
ֿԕD⸱ģǳ治͸һۡ
ܿѧӷԕDֱӽ˳̫ӵ£
һУ̾˵ע⡣
ȫѧȫվԕD񣺡̫ӵ¡
ԕDæʾ⣺Ͽ¡
л̫ӵ¡ѧǹɵ˻ȥǵǳ
ѲӼ࿼ģû뵽ŵǡ
ѧæ˵ţһ㶼š
Ȼ֣ǿ϶Ҫ˵һѧǡ
ǴδĶ֮ģϣܺúõؿԡԕDЦ˵ϣҪΪҵĵӰ쵽ǿԡ
ڿԣԕDҲ÷ƪۣ򵥵˵ˡ
ѧ˵̫ӵµ仰Ѿҡ
ѧǱԕDĻؼˡǴ˿̳˸ɾѪڡ
ԕDǰգգۡ
ֻظһü
ԕD뿪ڵĿ󣬾ֱ뿪˹ԺҪٴȥҲӰ쵽١
Ϊ̫ӵµĵÿնòһˣ÷ǳѪǺǶܵѧǼѵ飬ԼĶ־
ڹԺſڵԕDæǰȥ
£ôôͳˣ
ѧǷˣٴȥӰ쵽ǿԡ
Ҳǣô
ͦģ͸ǰ
һȣСȥԵģȥƷ谡
ôҲáԕDǣԶ˵Ӧòѣ˵ܿнԪ㱱˲ԕDžͲţˡĿǰ˵Ǳţ󣬲ÿ˶ʸ
Ǿͺáʵ£ǽȥֱӻع𣿡
Ȳعȥ̫ѧÿ
ǡ
̫ѧú;ȼԺû⣬ԕDͷˡ
ԕDһ
⼸꣬һֱ̫ѧý顣ԭӲã⼸ӺȻ˺ܶ࣬Ҳо
߸ԕD˵ҵ˻ȥĶҪ̸ĺӶʶ֣Ҫľһ㡣
ڣ߻֪ԕDʵݡӣԕDʵݲȤ˵ֻҪԕD̫ѧþͺãĲҪ
֮ǰΪ̫ѧð첻˼꣬û뵽̫ѧѧԽԽࡣ
̫ѧøĺǶˣҶʶ֣
һѧѾҵЩѧֱȥ˵ѧͽǻʶֻ֣ڵѧһʱ׬Ǯ
ѧҪ飬Ҫμӿƾٿԡ̫ѧõǻƼȥ𴦶顣
̫ѧֻѧǶ飬ǲμӿƾٿԡ
̫ѧñҵһЩѧһȥѧͽһС뱻Ƽȥ˽Ӽ顣
ǵѧͽǼȥ˽Ӷѧǻᾭ˵˵ǵĽ
̫ѧõʦǸһһǳܡ
ԕD⿴龰Ȼ̫ѧֻѧѶ飬㹻ѧʶ֣ѧһ
ԕDһֱһ顣ЩѧҪμӿƾٿԣǼûǮûѧϰҪҪѧѧŴ顣ȵѧԺУ;ٻǮ
Ȼص飬ɲСУѧ˵һ¡


132 
ԕD뻹Ǿô鲻, Ầ˶ˡߣʯı䷨ࡣʵУôʯı䷨ҲʵС鲻ɳ͢һ͢, ôùϰա
μӿƾٿ, ɨäҪǼ̫ѧã̫ѧںܶط
ǰʱ, ԕDֵ̫ȥϽ, Ǳ߿̫ѧá, ǰ̫ѧҲڽϺܶطȫص̫ѧüжʮ
һʼ, ̫ѧõķȫֳ̫еԕDŪ˴, ЩǮ˻ߴٹ˺, òĸԸǮ̫ѧá
ÿط̫ѧðĲǰѧӷǳࡣڽ, һ̫ѧװǰѧӣֻ̫ڽ꿪һѧáֹ꣬طҲ̫ѧá
ԕD̫ѧڽϵķǳãԽԼǶԵġֻҪԽԽĺȥ̫ѧö, ôεδԽԽá
ڶμӿƾٿһ, Ҳܲˡ, ֻҪ, ʶ, 취׬Ǯ, ʱǾǮ顣
ѧ黹ˡ
ڼԕDˣæʵԺǱô
ͦõģұ˳ССɧ
ûֳӰɣڹĵʵ
ûУҼѧһԕD򵥵ظ˵£ѲӼ࿼Ե
ôֺпܿнԪ
Ժܴ󡣡ԕDü˵ǿǻ˲ģҪǿнԪ̫Բˡ
Сǽ̵ҪȥܿнԪ𣿡
ԕD⣬ֳ°ͣ˼˵ҿ϶ܿо˵ģǽԪͲ֪ܲܿˡԼнԪĿԲ
ôûţ
֪֮
ںȻһضԕD˵ԣúú⡣
ԕDһʱûзӦ¶ãʵʲô
˰ɫǳ˵úúƾٿԵſ
ԕDڵ˼
òڽĽʿиѡɣ˵꣬üģǳͬ˵˼ѧʮ꺮ò׿нʿ϶Ҫ;һչҪ˼ⲻͶ˼ҵǰô
˵Ըء˵⿴
ԕDҲǡ˵ֻٻ󣬲١ߣƷײͣǻʼˣһٻ󣬱;Сٺúܶࡣ
аɣһעġ˵Ҫѡ
ˣҪ¡
˭ԕDһ㯣˭
ԕDǵ˭û˵˼ԣ˵Ů
ô˵ԕD˭
Ŷ˵
һٹҪˣҲøѡˡλŮƽʱǷǳĵġ˲ϣ޵ŴǾֻڽĽʿѡˡ
ԸŮ޵ţܶμӿƾٿԵѧӳš
⡣óԼĻ˵ͳšֻҪԷϽͺá
һΪѳ˼Լ޵Ȩ֮ҡȻЩ꣬ԕDԳ˼Ե鲻̫ģ֪ڶŮǺܹ۰ġĿӵеĶС
ᵽ飬ڵıЩӣȻǿϾ޵ŮǺȨǶĳǽģԸǵĶȢԡּͻ飬ԽЩȨҵҲʲôӹ
ԕDЩ죺û뵽ôΪ˼롣
Ȼ޵ŮһֱŮԴΪ˵ĹϵݼڣԳ˼Ů۰˵˾һŮϣһҸ
ðɣһ⡣
ʵɡֹԕDԼ޸ͦõġ
ںȲԕD⻰Ĳˮ˳ҵؿ
ȿȿȿȿȡ
ïʵ״Ͻ߹̧ԕDĺ󱳡
£ðɣ
ȿȿȡԕD˺óһŻǳؿڣ˵ʲô軰
ô˵軰ˣԼ޸㣬޺ͳ˲ܳ׷ġڶԕDЦЦ޶Ƿǳĵġ
붼룡ԕDֱ͸һۣǲȢ˼Եģ
Գͦÿģ֪ĲǿԵġ
ҲϲҵԧװԕDӳҵԧףҪ݋ݺʹǻֵġ
֪ûиָ顣ڵȻ֪ܻʺᷴԳ˵ŮԕDҲ֪ǲͬ⣬ûᡣ
㻹˵𣿡
뿴̬ȣû뵽ôųԡںȻ뵽ʲôüͷɵšDD㲻Ϊ޺ͳ˵飬ԲŻôϲԡ
Ȼǡͳ˵飬ʲôϵԕD̫࣬
㲻ޣڷǳԾ⡣
ΪʲôҪ㰡ԕDû뵽ڻ˵Ҳûʸ㰡
ڲ̫ţһ飺Ĳޣ
֣ˡԕDЦõ˵݋ݶ㣬ҹʲô
˺㳹׷ġ
޻ΪΪ²Ųϲԡ
ˡԕD˵꣬ǿһ飬㲻Ҫҵԧװ
㲻ϲԣ޻ʲôԧס
ԕDؿһڣ˵ģͰˡ
Ǿͺá
ˣֺô
ԕDֱĻŵô㲻ҪҵԧˡȻȢ˼ԣ̫ˡҸ˵õѣҵ㲻Ҫ
䲻֣
䲻⣬Ǻʲʵ⡣ԕDһ˵˼Բʺֶ֡Գ˼Ǹ˼һֶ֧֣Գ˼Բûκ˼
ָ˼ԼΣԳ˼ûа뷨
Ҫֲϲ˼ԡ
ȻǾˡҲֻʣûҪֺͳ˼Դͻ顣
һ½ĽʿͲҪ˰ԕDڹҵԧס
ã޵ĺϢ
ԕDϽתƻ˵飺ؼ沢飬и뷨γؼ沢ǳءȨǺǼ沢أϰûʲôء
Ȼ⼸꣬͢һֱŬ⣬Ч̫á
ʲô뷨
ǿֶΣӴ̷˵̷ԕD뵽ڵɷ̫ãУɷ޸ġγɷȨ̫Ѻãͨϰպͼ˺ܲѺáðʯ޴ɷ
ɷȻôȻɷ
Ϊڵɷϰ˵̫ƽˡԕDɫµ˵̫˵ˮܸۣɽҪϰգȨǺʿǡǵɷȨǺʿ̫ˣǶϰվ̫ˡ
ɷǵĸ˰ҲøһˡԕDǰ֪ӽʼſʼ˽γĸ˰Ȼγĸ˰̫ˣϡŹֵĿ˰˵Ǯʵͷ˰
Ȼγ֮͢ôǮһһ㸳˰Ūġ
ԕDûȥ꾩ĵط˵ǰʯȥĵط꾩޷ȡ
Ȼ˺ܶำ˰˵ʵ˰̫ˡԕD˵ȥƳĸ˰ǵĸ˰Ƴļʮ
Ȼ֪Щ飺ô
øĵĸģȡȡ
д³̸ޡ
á
Խ˽⳯ԕDԽǷγڲǳ࣬ҪĽĵط̫ˡ
λʱе޸ľ޸ġ


133 
Եʱ, ԕDֻȥѲӼ࿼һΣ֮ҲûȥԺȥ࿼ΣĳֻӰ쵽ѧǿ, ûǲҪȥȽϺá
ѧǼԕDһ, ڶ, ǵ˼, ûм̫ӵ࿼ѧǾֻˡ
ͲµԕDֻԺһΡڿԲǰ뿪, ־͹˴ٶȣȻǰдˣǾֻܴڿ˯ˡ
ԵĵڶԵĿѶˣʱѧͷۡ, ˵, ̶ֳȵѶܽܵġ
ڶʱ, ԺųաѧӱڶĿѵˣ˻˾Ϣ
˵ѧǾѣǼ࿼Ҳѡǿʱ, ǲԣȻǿ϶С
ԵĵڶԾѵһѧ, ȵԵʱѵһѧӡ
Ե, һαһѣѧǵԽԽ
ڵ̫ѣѧڿԵʱ򶼼ˡ
˻С£еѧֱӼ˹ȥ, еѧӲˡ
Եʱ, ֻܴԼĿµ, ټΪţԲ˯ãǺ顣
ʵǰʡԣвѧڿڼ䲡
ּϴ𲻳ļ֮»赹
εѧӻᱻķ䣬дǰβѧֿܼԣصԡѧӲĲᣬ޷ٲμӿԣǾֻԺˡ
ԕD˵ڼпܻᲡЩˣû뵽˻赹
ԕDһֱҪָͲӡÿܣȻѧա
֮ǰʯܣӱͲָԕDǾǳ
ڷǳԼŵһӣȻҲпڿԹв
ԕDֺͲҪǳߣҪԣҪǿ׳һΰ˵úãǸıǮûкõ壬ֺͲôΪԕDǽѡ
˵ԵʱѧӲεԕDһҲ⡣ڵѧӣǰѧӣĺܣ޸֮һҲΪ
ȻԕDÿԵĻ˺ܶ࣬Ǳѧ߼϶ǷǳġѧǴ϶Բ˿ԵĿ࣬Ҳ֡
ǰ꣬ԕDּ̫ѧ조ΡѧӵӣǿԵġ˵ܲÿ̫ѧѧҪܰ˰ףұ꣬ܵһ㶼ܲҲҪꡣܲĳɼ¿ĳɼ
̫ѧÿ¶¿ĺõѧӿȥõİ༶ĲõѧӾҪȥࡣܲ¿ĳɼһѧĻο˵һƽʱܲɼô¿ɼͲǵһɵʮʮ¡
̫ӵôǿӲ̫ܲѧѧӼʹٲҲֻӲͷƤܲտʼܲʱѧǶܲˣһʱѧǷܲûôܣ෴ԽԽɡֹˣǻԼӱ˲١ȵʱ̫ѧѧǲԕDһġ
⼸̫ѧѧǣĻγڣҲǳɫ
ѧܲԕDѧϰպȻպԸģ˵ѡ޿ΣѧǿѡѧϰҲѡѧϰ̫ѧǿѧ
һѧӻѡѧϰպʣһ˾ÿܲӾ͹ˣûҪ˷ʱȥѧϰջ
ܲһ˶ǱѧģǾϡ
γͺвѧ˽»ߡԕDŪǲһġ
γϱȽƫʵģߵ÷ǳڡԕDŪϣʵǺ
Ѻ˹̫ѧѧѧϰֹ̫ѧѧӣӪĽʿҲҪѧϰ
ǸЭ˶ѧǺͽʿ򣬲ܶǵӣҲŽ
ԕDᳫ£ϱѾΪŵı
̫ѧÿȶٰϱʤĶ÷ĽھӪÿҲٰϱʤĶҲ÷ĽȻֹЩϱбַǳʵʿְ
Ԫڡڡڣٰ͢ϱԲμûκƣֻҪμϱȥμӡȻ϶ȥ̭ơ
ԕDŲֶμӹԪڡڡھٰϱһ˹ھ
ǰϱֻģڵϱõ˳͢ϿɣʤĶ黹н͵ԽԽϲϡ
꾩ǣܿСǻߴϰϡ
ϱôܻӭԕDְҵϾְֲҵ뻹ˡ
ְҵְֲҵ̫ʱ̫ʺĿǰ
˵ÿԪڡڡڱǹϵרűûҪٸְҵ
ᳫϣֻΪǿӣΪ˸Ǯ
˽ʵıԕDǲܵġҲ˵һ㲻ܣֻҪչؾֳٰС
⼸꾩в˽ʵϱССְ֣ҵôš
ϱߣŮߡ
Ůϱ佫ҵĹŪģܻʺǳ֧֣Ůϱģ
ŮϱŮѧá
ǰ꣬ϾͿŮѧã̫ѧһƶ˼ҵŮӡһʼǷԵģǲܻʺ֧֣ŮѧŰ
⼸ϾٰŮѧҲķǳŮѧó˽ŮӶ֣ǶǿˣһЩļܣ˵Ů졢ҽȡ
ϣŮӳҪ֣ǿҲҪбԼԺѣԼҲܻ
ÿ¶ȥŮѧýŮǶʶ֡ĽϰȥǹءȻǰԕDͲܻʺͬ⡣
˵ŮҪѧͶҲҪѧغǣϾӹ񣬹غǲٵġ̵ĶһЩճһЩغǡĹغǣȻǲ̵ġ
ԴȥŮѧú֪ԺҪʲôպ˻ʺҪΪµŮӴõ
ϣгһգʽؽŮѧУµŮӶȥѧö飬ѧϰ֪ʶ
ԸԕDȻֵ֧ģĿǰǲ̫ܵġҪ֪ԹûĸŮѧãټ˶ŮҪ̫̣Ůͷ¶棬ôŮһȥѧö顣
ҪŮѧã͵ڶ׵ĹطսɲһС£ᱻǧָġԕDޣֻͼ֮ԼŮѧá
ڣ˵ʽŮѧУǶڵĽĸﶼܵ谭⼸꣬ԕDһֱڸĸ̫ѧеĺ˳ʵһʼܵԵģûᣬǿԵĸĸ̫ѧĸĸ˳С
պ󣬺ܶⶼˣٴʽŮѧУҲ١
˵ѧУԕD봴ҽѧԺøѧҽ
ƼҪҽҲҪҽƼٽҲûá
֮ǰ̫ҽŪţĿǰûŪԕDγҽЩˣٽҽķչ
ǰԕD飬Ҳ̫ҽҽ顣ҽ޵ĺܲȥ׵ʱӡˡ
Ȼҽ鶼޺ˣǾ͸øѧҽҽѧԺɳ͢Żи˵ѧҽ
ԕD˵˿ҽѧԺһ¡
˺ЦDDһһǰգ޸ɷ͸˰ҪҽѧԺ
ⲢͻҽѧԺýԕDɫǳ˵ҽƸļҽֻԽԽ࣬˵Ҳ᳤޽ɷ͸˰һµҽѧԺǰˡ
ǰգѾּðʯɷûԺͬ޸ĸ˰
ʯͰһҪ޸ɷ˶ǳˣҷǳ޸ġʯʾͰ޺ɷȥְ
ԭ;ͨɷ˽γǰĳɷʯһֱ̲ĸְԴɷҲǳ֪޸Ĵɷٺʲ
ǿʰƸҽõĴҽѧԺ̵˵ҽѧԺԕDͻȻ뵽ģѾһ˶ˡ
д³̸ҡȻղ˵ԕDһһ޳ɿҽѧԺġ
áԕDˣҽѧԺտʼ̫ҽȥ̵
ҽѧԺѧѧķǳãͨ˾ֱӽ̫ҽԺѧҽ˵̫ҽԺ顣ΪҽѧԺѧҽ˲١
ԽǰԕDͰѿҽѧԺ³дãҽڡ
糯ϣںʹ顣
һϵĴ󳼾ӦýҽѧԺԽԽѧҽ
ȻһϵĴ֧֣ôҽѧԺ˳ͨ
ҽѧԺ꾩ǿȳˣеط
ԽԕDΪܿٺһԵĿ
ԕDСʮ鲢٣ķǳá۲ŻȳкܶҪáߣԿһԳģĿûκ⡣
ԕDûȥֵĿ޸ġȻϵǺŵģͨʼҵֵĿûȥҡ
ֵĿĵġһʼĵʱٲ֪˭ĿֻѧӴ÷ǳãǲдرã˿ǰһ


134 
Ե, ֶ÷ǳãľӵʱǰһ
һʼûзֵĿ, ٷݿдķǳ, ̲סøٿ
ٿҲ÷ǳ, ȻøԕD
ԕDӹһֵġû˵ؿ˿ִ治ǲдķǳһѪ
, ˵, ִò, ԕDǻ˵ġ
£λѧдô
дķǳáԕDΪĺѲô˵ģֵȷдķǳá
, Ȱп, ݿдΪɫӦΪһ
ԣݿãӦΪһ
ݿΪһûκ顣
£ݿȫİǲۡ
Ҳ֪ĸѧôвŻʫʸ踳дĺ, Ҳд÷ǳʡ
ԕD, ûаѺֵĵط, Ƕ֪˭Ŀ
ʯĶ넵ġ
넣
С๫ģ
ԕDѿݻղֿ, ϵıʼǲ𿪿
ԕDĻæ𿪿ֹȻ넵Ŀ
С๫ġ
丸Ӱ
ݿС๫дģǾͲˡ
С๫֮ǰС|ԪͲдķǳá
๫꿼ƾٵʱҲǳõġ
ԸӶǳвŻ
ȻԕDİвŻģǿ佱֣һζֺ̫ӵ¡
ԕDȻʵľܱΪһ
£С๫÷ǳãӦΪһ
ǲ̫СʺԪ𣿡ԕDǹôʵģӦĥĥ𣿡
˵ǣ̫С֮ǰֿС|ԪнԪ|Ԫġ
ԶԶԣ̫С|ԪһεģⲻǺ¡
๫ҲΪʢΪ
ô˵넴ķǳãΪһȻġ
ΪС͹ѹ
С๫֮ǰ|Ԫֿ˽ԪԪһϲ¡
ԪǴʷϵһ˰ʷġ
С๫òãΪҪһԪĲӣǿеذС๫ŪɽԪǲԵģС๫ĴúãԪĪ
£С๫ӦΪԪ
ԕDûм¾˵޳ΪԪ˾֡
̫ӵô˵޳넱ΪԪæ֡
ԕD£ʮˡ
޳넱ΪԪ˾֡
޳넱ΪԪҲ׷׾֡
ԕD£ֻˡ
޳넱ΪԪ˱Ƚ϶࣬Ӷ넱ΪԪ
£ùټɡ
Уȥ
넵Ŀȥݼڣǵ뷨˵¡
󣬶˵Ȼ޳넱ΪԪǾΪԪ
ټҶô˵ˣЩ޳넱ΪԪҲ˵ʲô
Ԫãĵڶ͵ͺˣȫտúò
ԿʱԕD⵽ˡ⼸˴ķǳãóǸвŻˡǲ֪ôƷô
ԕDЩïʵ˵ˣɻʳ˾˵ǵļƷƷƼϺͳ˼ԡˣøѡ
֪ԵĳɼԕDûвҴţòֱӸ
֪Լ˽ԪǳһŲŸˡ
֮ǰ㿼С|Ԫʱ򣬿ûôˡȤֵοнԪôˣ
ҲӦø𣿡ֳһۣҪǿнԪһŹҵġ
ǣ˵ˣܵǽ̵ҪûпнԪͶԲǡ
⻰û˵Ҿ֪Һ˽Ԫ
ԪԪĻԣɵüӰѾ
Եĳɼչº󣬽ſԡ
Ե̺͹غһֻԺһгԺ͸ԡ
Ժ͸ԵԱ뿼꣬һԵĳɼҪȡԵܳɼԿòãԿúãôԵܳɼͲáֻгԺ͸ԶúãԵĳɼá
ԵѶȻҪѣҪлԪɲһ򵥵顣
Ȼ֪˵꣬Ȼ뵽ʲôæʵܻع𣿡֮ǰԵʱ־ǰؼˡ
ܰڼҵϲɡ
ع
ֱϲ󣬾ͻعˡ
ԕDԵĿ󣬾æųﱸҽѧԺһ¡
ǰҽѧԺƸĻʰѾȥˡ
⼸գв˺ʹǰȥ꾩ǵѯ֪ĺǷǳı
꾩ûֳɵķӸҽѧԺãֻ½ӡ
ԕDѾּù˸ǽҽѧԺԴˮŪ󣬸Ƿӻ·ˮࡣ
Ϊˮĳ֣ĳǽ޽طǳ̡ĺɹĽʿι򱱾ĳǽûгɹ
ԕDּ̫ҽޱý̵ҽ飬ýѧӡ
ˣԕD̫ҽԺԺҽѧԺУ̫ҽҲҽѧԺȻ˫ְݳ͡
Ϊ̫ҽĸԸؽ̵ѧѧҽԕDֱӰѺҽѧԺĹ˹̫ҽǿڣ˽ڣͻǺܶࡣ
УͽڵְƸ̫ҽ˵˺̫ҽͷȣǳԸҽѧԺ
̫ҽ˵Ϊһǳҵ飬ɱ̫ҽá
ĿǰҽѧԺڽУ̫ҽʱæȥ̵ѧԕDǲҪţ
̫ҽһֱʵ飬еĻ˳ɹһξ롣ڱǱϷأʱûĺɹ컨ֻϷҲԶܷסһĺɹ컨ᴫΡ
ҪϽ컨ǰԕDϣ̫ҽܰţŪ
Ȼţûд꾩ڵԤؽšԕDԤһи
Եĳɼ죬ûȥԺſڵȳɼϾѾ֪Լ˽Ԫ
ڹɼʱ򣬻ֵĿѧǿԪĴ⡣ʵôԕDҪģΪľֲѧӻɡ
֮ǰС|Ԫʱ򣬾ѧӻ|ԪΪ̫ӵµİ
ԕDϣΪ࿼ĳɼɣ˵ǳƽ
ԕDˣѧӼֿ˽ԪһӦǻǿֵĿʱĲƽɶʱʧˡ
̫ѧǻֵĴѧǿѧǺúõعĦѧϰ
ԳɼֻصмǶ飬սĻԡ
ֿ˽ԪȻϣܽſлԪĽ̵ԽԽ
æ׼Եʱ̫ҽԺڳɹֳţΪ˰ȫڼ䣬ԕD̫ҽԺʵ鼸Σȷɹʡܰĵϰţ
ڻԿǰţĳɹ˺ܶ࣬ںԕDּϰսţȻǴСӿʼ


135 
ţɹŪ, ںԕD̫ҽȥ˱ĽʿǺϰǽ֡
Ȼţɹ, ǲٷְٶֳɹʮţ, пһ˺¡ʹţĳɹʻǷǳߵġȻţ֮ǰ, ǰϰ˵ţΣգԼע
ţԤ컨ʹֺΣգϰǻǷǳԸġ, ţѵġ
ţԸģǿҪԺܶٹ˶Ըţ, Ϊ, дǱҪţǵļ˲ǿ
ţҲÿ˶֡ţ֮ǰ̫ҽߴϸظ˰ȷţ󣬲Ż֡
ΪѧҪμӿƾٿԣʱţȵԽ󣬽ʱͳһţ
ţɹʵⲻҽѧʷϵĳɹ, ҲĽ
ԕDΪţһ£ݺݵˢһøСЩ꣬ŪٶÿŪĶ, 츣ϰաϰĿ, ̫ӵ·ǳ
Ϊţһ, ԕDϰĿзˡӹ컨𲻵ľ֢ˣҲ޷Ԥ컨̫ӵŪţԤ컨ϰǲٵ컨ϰ˵ǡ񡱡ϰǿˡ񡱣ûεסֲ˹ġ컨
ϰվǡ飬ԕDˣûеһ¡
ԽһȺѧһ߽صȴųɼһҪΪǰĵ׼
ڰ³ٰ졣ԣµʱ䡣
Ժ͵֮֮Ըµʱ䣬һѧǾͯԡԺͻԺľƣӦøʱϢǵǿƾٿΪҪҲѵһԣҪѧ㹻ʱϰǲܿõԡǣ³ʱ䲻ȣԻ
ѧǺ뿼ԣȻһȥμӵԡǣѧӿԾͲˡʵԵʱ򣬾кܶѧӲˡʹ˼죬Ҳûа취μӻԡ
Ϊ˷ֹѧΪûμһĵԣԲŻµʱϢϰ
һԣѧһ·նعԣɹʣһ֮ңΪܲμӵԣǾ̫ϧˡ
ڳ͢İţѧǻǷǳġ˵ʵԣûҲǳƣ
˵֣ԕDǶǿ˲١ԺͻԣȻû˵ʵ۲ᡣԻصңͷ˯һ˯ڶϲѣŵòᡣ
ﲻģϸظ˰˵ֻ۵ˣټû˯ãŻôƣúõϢվͻá
ô˶۵ˣЩ޸֮ѧǾڿûвȻصҶ׷ˡЩǿһûԼڿв
֮ǰԣ꾩ĴͷǳæµæŸѧǿ񣬻Կ꣬æµ
ԕDȼ֮ʹطҩģ꾩ҩļ۸񣬲ȻҩǼۣòѧûǮץҩ
ԽҪ²Żṫɼ
ѧȻĽҲֻܰĵصȴɼ
ԕDûĻԵĿæŶţͳｨҽѧԺ飬ʱûʱ䡣
Ϊֵĳɼһ۲ݡһοҲǳɫǾˡ
ֵ̫Сˣʮ꣬ѾԪԪ⡭һ˵顣
һֵǲϣԪǹѹΪϧĲŻԲŲԸСС;ԪΪǾû֡
ʷϣΪСвŻˣûʲô³
ټϣвŻ˶аúĥĥ
鲻ݣֻ
ҲˡһϣԪһҲ̫СԪ˵һǼ¡
һʱҲ˾ֻð⽻ԕD
ԕD˽ֵӡ˵ʵִСʹ϶еġȻǰǰЩġ˵м
ȻЩԕDڣǾԲֳµġ
ڣ֡넲µġԕDһȻ˻ԪǾ͸Ԫ
£Ầġ
ᣬڣ¡ԕDЦҡ
ԕDô˵ˡҲ˵ʲôˡ
ֿ˻ԪԪһ¡
ʯֿ֪˻ԪȻǷǳ˽ڶǰǲֳ
ֵ֪Լ˻ԪȻǷǳ˵ģǸһ
ʯ˵֮ܿУȫǽ̵зûǵĽ̵ǾԲῼнԪͻԪҪ⽾
ֲûнΪ˵öԡ
ҲûеΡ
ʯ˽ӣȻóֲûнΡ
οлԪٴǷԵġ̫ӵ¿㵣㿼лԪɲܹ̫ӵµ
˵Ҳ֪
֪ͺáʯ˵꣬˵һ״Ԫˣ㲻ҪڵϹһ񡣡
ģҾԻڵӮ㡣һֱֵĿǿ״Ԫ̽
ҵšʯ˵գԽǼ顣
̫ˡͲˣֵȻϣܿ״ԪⲻԕDڴҲԼԸ
ڿ֮ǰǾԲиģ෴Ŭ
Գɼʱ򣬵ȻҲֵĿˡ
ѧǿֵĴ󣬶ٴοлԪһ£ķڷ
Գɼ־ͻصǶ顣
ĵԣԕD֣Ҽ࿼Ҳ˵ѧǿԵʱ򣬻ῴ̫ӵ£ῴڡ
ԽûãǱ߾ʹõϢ˸Ⱦ컨
ĺɹ컨Ǵ˴Ρ
Ⱦ컨˶ûţ߻ûţˡ
ţûбȾϡ
ʵǰЩţ֪ţĺô
컨һ´꾩ǣϰĻ̻̣뵽ţͲú컨ʱְˡ
֮ǰûţ꾩Ȩǣڿʼżţ
컨ΪţͷܶԴ
ںԕDּñǱԴ컨ɢ
Ǳе޹ԕDﻹǷĵġ
޺͵ǹȻûԕDʧû컨ӱӳ
ǰ컨ȫȫε˶һ
ĺɹ֪а취Ԥ컨ȡԕDǻ컨ΣʱǾ֮⡣
컨ûʧ⼸£ĺɹΪ컨˲ˡ
ĺɹҳԱ׷׶ǵйԱⱻ컨Ⱦû뵽컨ûзŹǡ
ԕDӵϢ껺ļӶȾ컨
ɹңɹûдȾ컨ļһ뱻ȾˡУһЩҲ컨
Ϊûа취컨ɹֲ컨ӣͷǳ׺ݵû˵컨ˡ
ɹӪҲвٽʿ컨Ҳ
ԭΪЩ컨ˣֹ컨ӣû뵽ûС컨ɷǳŵɹ
ԕDɹ컨ĴȾٶȣ˵ȥ̣ɹͱ컨ˡ


136 
ڵԿǰ, εһҽѧԺˡ
ԕDһʽûǳ¡ءֹˣϵٹٶȥۿ, ǸҽѧԺӡ
ǰҽѧԺĴ򲻶࣬ѧǺܶࡣŰ, ֻеһѧ
ѧ࣬ҪԭǺܶ˳ֹ̬ȡȹӣӦûѧ
ҽѧԺ̫ѧѵ, ѧҲࡣǺܶѧӵļͥ, ԕDŻѧѶķǳ͡
ѧǼ, ԕDŲȥһ
Щ, ԕDһֱſվʦѧϰ, ѧϰ𷨺͵֮վʦѧϰҽ
վʦҽտ̫ҽԺԺжԕDѧҽѧķǳ, Ҳѧķǳáŵ˵̯ȥ˿Ҳûġ
ҽѧԺѧû뵽̫ӵ»ҽҽҪ̫ӵ¾ȻԽ, ˵ҡ
˵̫ӵҽѧԺ, ԭֹ̬ȵ˷׷úҽѧԺ顣
ӹ񣬴̫ҽĵλߡ, ԕḐߴ̫ҽĵλǰѧҽѧ˵ҲǺ¡
ҽѧԺĽҲϰǶһ·
߷˴ŸϽܻʺ밲
ʮ, ȴٳûж߷δϽ, Ϊ˸ϵ¡
ÕDD˽μӿƾٵѧӡܻʺҲŮ, ˵м˲ȥ˼Ʒ
߷һ⻰¶Цݣ𣬶ʲô˰
ϼôЩ˼ӡ
ݿôһĻȤϵϺ˰
⻰һʱߵͨ졣
ǵ˵£ǴִĸҲò˼

̫ӵûи񣿡߷ȲҪδŮĻ
⵹ûУ˵Ҫȥ飬ڻûиô
ݿ߷һļģ㻹ǸϿ̫ӵ½õºúõظ߷˵˵
úúãھͰѕDDܻʺ˵꣬һۺһԵĴ
⣬ǰȥ
߷˿ŮޣЦٹ꣬º۹ҪˣΪ㣬ܱȵ
û뵽˵һŰС΢΢졣
㣬ģѡŮټҸϴͻ飬ؼ޳ȥ
úúá
ܻʺݣЦ˵꣬˫ϲţϺ͸һ޳ȥ
ðȼޣϽųޡ
Ҳ븣ܼ޳ȥǾ¹ټֿСʮˣٲ¶ҪΪϹˣĸǷǳżġ
ǰܻ꣬ʺѡķݾͦõģһûпУ¸ûж
DDˣټӦûῴСܻʺ󰲸ݵθ¸öˡ
ϣɡĻٲݾҪԲ¡˯ˡ
ԕDոմӸΪ˽μӿƾٿԵѧһ£æԪɰѻøŸŴ
߷˺͸ϼԕDæ
ҲϽԕD񣺡¡
衢㣬þòʱô
л¹ģһжá
ԕD֪߷ļҲûӣֱӰеĻݸ߷ˣ裬Ұѡļˡ
鷳ˡ߷˵꣬ͼ͵ش򿪻
ܻʺݣԼ޶ܺߵ߷˵ߡ
߷ȻļǴ򿪻ĶȴǷǳС
һӳĻһˡеˣ峺ǳ
úãʱġһ˵
ͣǽˣĸ˶ũǼΨһһˡԕDܵѾйʿ⣬Ҳܿнʿ
ܻʺ˵ǸϽĵˡ
ǺϽģΪǫͣҪǽԺãҽѣҲûʲô֪ԕDȻ˵飬ǿ϶ǵطǳϸȻǶˣǾũǸТ˳ˡ
˶ЩĶˡ
߷˺Ҳһֱϵڵͷ
һúӡ
ͣ߷ֽ¿
ļ඼ãţԼȴǳϽѧ
˿ˣҪԷļͥ
Щв̫ɫһһƣǾǼ˵ĹϵܺáҪǣĸŮûĽ㵱ħ
ˣǵĸĸŮĽذ
ԕDһϸܺ󣬸߷˶ͷǳ⡣
ϣô
Ϻ˵ֻǿô֪òã
ҪԸĻҿ԰Ǽ档ԕD˵ͲԼ˶ܲҾǸܺõѡ
ܻʺ޳ɵص˵ͷҲͺá
һԹ˵ϣҪǿУҾõ°͸ˡ
߷һŵ˵ҿǿͣɲܺ
ʺ㿴߷ˡݱ߷⸱Ųѵı鶺Цˡ߷˺͡
߷Ц⣬ǳ⡣˵ţ˵ԽԽ⡣
ܻʺϷʵЦĸ￴ŮԽԽ⡣
Ϻ޲Ҹطȥ
£ûſҲϲ͡
С˵䲻ĻԸ
ΪΣЩ˵˵ù䲻𣿡
ǣΪҪʩչԕDԵͶ鲻Ϊ˹ҫ棬ҲΪʩչԼıΪ͢ЧͲܲıͲʵ֡
ԣлһĨʧ䡣
ǿϧˡ
ŵѧӣǷǳϽĵģҪʩչԼıԽķҰǸϺҷҷԭ򡣡һȦûҵʵѡ
ݵ¶ɫ⡭ô찡
ʵҵ˼ȨұȽϺʡԕD˵ҵмѡʱһ¡
˫۶ʱһæʵļѡ
СȲҪҾͰѻø㿴
úúã̫ˡһ
£æ£ǼͰɡ߷˺޲Ͼȥ͡
ԕD˵ס̫ѧãÿ춼̺Ƕ顣ǿװȥ̫ѧþȻ档˵꣬ϣ㣬ҪŮװȥ̫ѧһ
ãá߷˵ôˣվȥ̫ѧá
Ϸǳεؽе
ʲôúߵġ߷ȻŮΪˣôõҪǴˣ̫ϧˣɵúúðա
ϣ
һԵԕD޲ûסЦ˳
㣬ĲҾȥ
ܻʺҲȰȥͨһͷӦˡ
ԕD߷˿ʱֵںͳҲڿ
֮ǰԕDԪɰһݵĻ͵
֮ǰҪԕD˼ѡԕDעˡ
ںͳǶԕDļѡǺģ˼һûпУұʾʱˡ
һŮô˵֪ŮûԕD
ԕDʱ֪˼Զ뷨飬ʱҪæ׼ԡæŵԣҪæųǰ׼
ȵһҪǰ˵ʵѾЩȲˡ


137 
Եǰһ, ԕDڸ˵յ׼ˡ
ĵԣڲ֣ԕDȫȨ
ӽͯԵǰʱĻ, ԕDٰغܲûгκβ⣬ԲŻѵԳ׽
ӻ㱨׼˺Цˡ
DD, , ޷ġ
Ĳ¶氡
ͷ˵, ¶Ϳˣ档
ԕD֪ôĿΪ, а, һֺõġʵȥ, Ҳ죬ȵʱͲԕDΪ̫ӣһθٰ, Ҫһ࿼Եġ˵ʵ, ʵЩԸ⡣
Խ, Ҫȥһж׼𣿡ǲ̫ĶȥģǶӼҪȥҲֻܴӦ
׼, 㻹ǵּû׼͵ԕDʳ˾ﱸ, Ѿ͵, Ϊ˰ȫԕDû׼ЩݱȽϺá
յԽ󣬺޾ּûͱ׼ںȻ뵽֮ǰ컨ﻹЩġDDĵ컨
ĵ컨ѾסˣʱʲĲɹһף˲ˣӲذ컨աˡо仰г㲡ҪΪ컨һľսǻûлعǻ벻ջ񡣡
ڿ˿ԕDû˵ʲô
аվͺá
ҵİպܴģһ̣ǾԻӮΪ˹ոʧأѾ׼ʮꡣ
ô˵ͷ˲١
ˣһ飬ĲҪĲ֮ǰ˼˵£˼ԲԸ⣬˵ϲϲʲôӣĬڲɵӣ˲׳˼Ե˼֮˳ˣ֧֧ز˵˼ϲԕDһ¡
ϻᣬԕDɫЩã֮ǰ۹飬Ҳϲ˼ԣûΪĴ㣬ôʣ
΢΢̾˿Ϊϲ㣬ȻҲ㡣
ʲôԕDˣһȻ˼ϲң
ԣ֮ǰļһûпУϲʲôӣҲ˵ʳ˲֪ϲ㣬Сϲ㡣ڸ̾û뵽Ǹ֡
ԕDҲֻ΢΢£漴ͻָ
ΪϲңҾҪΪ𣿡
һƬ
ΣǲΪġԕDǳԺҪᣬȻҸ㷭
ˣæ˵úúãԺ˵ˡ
Ҹѡļ˲ҪΪã͸ּͻ顣˼ϲһ£ԕDһʼЩ㵣Ҳ˵䲻ҪĻĸŮӲϲһֱĻ£Ầ
˵öԣȵԽ޾͸ͻ飬ȵǣͰ޳ȥ뵽ԕDĻ£Ц˵̵ô㣬Ҫ޵Ļ¡
ԕD޵Ļ¶ںʮ·ݣ˾ྫϸѡĺӣʮõӡ
ʱ乻ˡԕD˵ʱոģҲ̫ûˡ
ɹǱôڵԕDĵʱɹӲܣһŻġ
ɹǱΪ컨һԹ˲ϾԕDһ˵ߣɹļλӺͼλڴʱû˼ܱ顣
ôҪõ̷ɹɫضɹС
֪⼸һֱڸɹ˴򽻵ԕD֪ɹ˵ӡɹԱǣʵһ㶼ûɹһͷǣһͷǣǳ׺ݣҲ̡Ϊһڳʳʲô鶼ó
û˵£ԕDҳ
Ǹƽʱ£Ҳ˵ҳ顣
ںԕD޻˵ԸĹϵǳáͲܻʺѾûʲô˵ˡ
ԕDһŻص
ߣһصģĵʵ£ôˣ
ûôǡô˵ˡԕD˵Ҫȥˣ
𣿡
ǣ̫ˡԕDЦ˵һ죬ҵȴ̫ˡ
£Ҳ̫ˡ˵ţ¶ɫ£˵ͷǳȣ޲վȥ
Ҳǣڵæõԡ
վͿԣҲ֪ô
Ͳһţƽˡ
ıԕD˵ˣΪ̫ţڴϷȥ˯ž
ԺͻԵʱûôŹ
ԪͲһԪԼһԪûУǹһˡ
ڵʱ˯šʱ
Ȼֻ˯һʱȴܺãһƣ
ڼﱥس緹ָʯһǰʹ
ţϣʯһ䳰ȷȻ֪ǹģֻ̲ס
ţһ״Ԫ
ҿ㿼УҲҪԼܿԪڴϣʯǷǳӦ֡ġ
ƫƫԪ˫ֱأ°ͣߺߵ˵ҪΪʷϵһԪˣҲҪΪΪҵһԪˣ
СҪǿУҿǻЦġ
һܿС˵ĵԲڿǰ˵ӿУĵȴһֱ˵Сԣ뻻
˵󻰡
ٴ
ʯӻָľ񣬾ûٿڴ̼
һſڣ
ȥұߵѧӶУʯȥ߹ԱǵĶС
Żûд򿪣ǺͲμӵԵѧǷֳУԹԵſڵš
ûһŷˡûȥ֣ǶЦЦ
ַǳ˳ضЦЦ
îʱ׼ʱ򿪡
˽ȥμӵԵѧҪڵһ
Ϊеԣǲȥ糯ֱȥ巵
ֹһ̴ŲμӵԵѧǽ
¿ƾٵĵԸǰĵԲ࣬ûʲôı䡣
ѧǱ巵ſڣǵѲ顣
ѲѧŽ巵
ѧǵĶͷҴ߽巵
߽巵һ̣͸ܵŨŨͷ˫ȷµǰʧǣѧǻֱӹ
ѧ̵ĴҵԼλӡʱΪԻûпʼ
վ巵ߣȴ̫ӵµļ١
̫ӵ¼ݵ
վãѧҲϽվá
ԕD˽
Ȳμ̫ӵ¡
ѧ̫ӵ¡
ɡ
л̫ӵ¡
ԕDһ飬˵ʼɡ
ǣ¡
ѧãŷſ
ǻԪλӵĵһλһõ
õȿ˿ûȱֻ©֣Ȼֿ˿⣬дԼ֣ʼ⡣
ԵѶһӰθ˺ܶ࣬ȻѺܶࡣ
ѧõʱһҡ
ȻϵԻѣû뵽ôѡ
Կһ죬гԷϢʱ䡣
ȵʱѧҪԼĿȻ̵Ĵȥƫ緹
緹ӦģζȻǷǳãҲǹġ
緹ѧǻȥ㡣ȷ꣬ͻص巵ԡ
ԕDڸõţҲûϢͻ巵࿼
ԭȥ߿ŵѧǣֻϡ
Ϊ˲˯ţѸĄӰ˹һ߼࿼һߴ¡
ʱĩԽ
պÿѧ̫ӵ´С
ѧǶ뿪ˣԕDٸ˫֣
һ죬۵ᱳʹȳ
Ԫ۵£Сȥ̫ҽ̫ҽ㰴
ˣûʱ䣬ùţҾҪȥԺĵԿ
֮ǰԕDûĻԵĿԡԵĿġ


138 
ǰ, лԵĹʿһʮˡεԵ¼ȡֻлԵһ, Ҳ˵ֻ¼ȡʮˡ
ԵĽʿ񵥷Ϊ, 񵥼¼ȡкüʮϰٸһΣ¼ȡĽʿٶ
ԕDһֱǰĿƾٿ¼ȡֱ̫࣬Ǵײһ, Ÿ¿ƾ, ¼ȡ
ʮ˵Ŀһһҹʱ㹻ꡣ
ܲμӵԵѧӶһĲŻĿʱһЦݡ
ĵԿʱ, ٿٵһʱȥֵĿ
Ȼϵסˣǿͨʼϳ
ͯԿʼѾԪǶıʼӡ̡
ֵĿһʱ䱻˳ĵطǳ档һģһ޲ڡֵĿ󣬾Ȳøٿ
ٿ, Ҳǲϳޡ
ַǳвŻ, ʫʸ踳дĺ, Ҳдķǳá
дʫʸ踳ǳԣôʷǳ, Ƕ硣дĲҲǳ, ݺݵش⣬˿˺ඥ
ǶֵĲŻȫʯ, Ҫ볬ǲ̫ܵġ
, ʯԵʱ, ĳɼȫܿ״ԪġֻΪ̫ʢ״Ԫ
ʯ꿼Եʱĳɼȫɵ״ԪǶǳ
񻻳ʯĶӣҲ÷ǳáǣܲ״Ԫֳַɡ֮ǰԺͻһһ޳ֵ״ԪһС˲޳״Ԫ
ԵһʵûҪٿϾѾԪڵԲ״ԪЩˡ
޳ֿ״Ԫǣ֮ǰԾͷֿнԪЩˣɻ̫ᣬΡ
״Ԫ飬İۺ̽Ҳз硣
ǰۺ̽ˣ˵ĳɼ¡Ϊ۲ݡ
ȻľôͽܿٵԕDˡ
ԕDȿֵĿһشúã״Ԫ޿ɺǡ˵֮ǰѾԪûҪڵϻѹĳɼȻΪ˴ԪӲֿ״ԪǾûҪǣڵĳɼ㹻״Ԫ
鵱ȻҪڣִúãֿ״ԪӦõġߣԪһ£ҲǴ̳ϵһ¡
ټҶͬˣԵĴҲ˵ǣֿ״Ԫһ¾ô
ǰۺ̽ѡԕDϸؿǵĿǴöܺãĲ÷ֳ¡ץΡ
Ȼץ̫ϷҲûб취á
ץεȻԕDܿץץһȻͰѰۺ̽
Խĵ죬ǳɼӡ
죬ʱ𴲡
˯ñȽ̤ʵ֮ǰԵʱôš
ʯŶһɵģ̲סôԼ״Ԫ
ôΪ֪Ļ
ûп״Ԫ͵⣬Ʈ˰ƮʣʯǸѧġȻǸԕDѧġ˵ô֣ô˼Ʈ
ֵͷ緹
ˣô֣ƮӲʯԹԵ˵
ȥˣһͷ
úó緹
ʯ
緹һȥ
ȥʹ·ϣʯǳǷش̼֡
޿̣
Ǹÿ춼ᶷ죬һ첻˲֡
ڹſڶ졣
ֺЦؿŶĸ鸦۸넶
̫ˣòҪƮ
֣Сʱ֣Ѿˡ
넶ְ˵ţ¶ɻ󣬡Ʈʲô˼
壬ҵ˵ҵ⡣һ͸ʲôʱˡ
鸦Ҿ넶ܿ״Ԫ
ܣʯ˵ն״Ԫġ
넶֮ǰԪο϶ܿ״ԪЦ˵ҵ넶Ԫ
лл塣
ѧǺʹǻǷֿվڹſڡ
îʱŴ򿪡ΣѧǺʹһͬ˽ȥ
ֱ߽ѧڴſڵš
ʮѧǽŲѵվڴſڡǵɫмнšΡ
ʵǾ㿼нʿҲûʲôйʿѧӣǿֱӽ;ġߣʿĹҪȾĹٴ
ԣûнʿʮѧ˵ôҪˣȻǺ¡УҲʲô¡
ڴںԕDû˳
ǰͻǺǰһûʲôı䡣
û˵һЩûʵĻֱɼȴҰʼеֵѧӣ¶ϲµǰʧǣֻǻ˵
ܿ죬ֵװǰʮ
ֱŵģʼװʱһĲܿƵؿ
ˡֶԼоĻһ̴ɤ˳
ûһֵ̽Ͱۡ
̽۶һڿˮô״ԪǲǾ
ô룬Լ֡
һ˲ÿհףȫһӱ÷ǳһ󣬲Żعž޴ϲóȫ
ûãïʵԪ˹ſнʿĶʮѧȥʿ
ȻýʿֺͰۣ̽ʥ
ȻһֱڹǴǵһν
ѧ넲μټңμ̫ӵ¡
ѧ
ѧ
ɡ
лټңл̫ӵ¡
ڰ״Ԫۡ̽˿һ֣ǴʷϵһԪڵ״Ԫ
佱ֵʱûǿʯ˵丸ӡ
ʯǫرʾֻԶ
ǣֶ˵һˣԺúõΪ͢Ч츣ա
˳󣬾Ϳʼν֣һΪʱ̡
ԕDΪҪæ֤˺Ϊʱ̡
ѧ˳ʹ糯ûн
ԕDٹٵ棬ڣǰոİռļݡ
ȻĳǶٲµԕDҪ̣û뵽̫ӵҪȥ̣һҪġ
ĳǵȻԣ䳼Ƿǳ֧֡
ԕD̫ӵ»û˵꣬ĳǺ䳼Ǿͳ
ĳݵ˵̵Ļ䳼ֱ˻ȥ˵ոʮǡԸ̫ӵҪɡԸ󳼵ȻҪ֧֡
䳼Ǿĳǳܶˡһʼǳĳܰĳࡣ
ĳôԣոʮһǲıġ
ڱĳǺ䳼ǳͷֱۣûͱԕD
ǰĳǰѳֵģǰͱ䳼
̫ӵҪģȻǳϡ
Ҳϣֻʵʵذ̫ӵ׼ݡ
糯ĳǵȻû뿪ȥ˸Ȱ˵ںԕDһ¡
ڲǣĳǾ͹ڸſڣջּ⡣


139 
ĹǷԕDո, ںԕDͶԡ
Ͷ飬ĹǾɡֻҪټʲô鲻飬ǻȰ˵, ɹ, ͻͶԡ
, ĹǰǰͶ˺üΡÿͶԶûгɹΪøǆ¡
ԕDǺĳǳ, , ʹڴͶгӮĹ, ҲıĹǷոһ¡
⼸ʮ, ĳǵС¹ˣҲų, ûǸӴ̡, δӮģҪǮ
Щ͸ĺɹǮɲ٣ҲʱЩǮҪˡ
ںԕDܾ˴Ͷ, ĳǹڸſڡ
ԕDһȥ󣬾ת뿪˸߳, 岩ǹǰ, ǵɫ
̫ӵ£ܳġ
̫ӵ£̻εϰմѡ
̫ӵ, ˲, ʹð
̫ӵ, Щ, Ǵκò׺ıֺƽϵܳģƻ֮ĺƽ
̫ӵ£һģɹӲܵġ
̫ӵ£ɹܳûǴΡ
̫ӵ£ڹ̩񰲣ҪĳЩ˵Ĳԣƻƽ
̫ӵ£ʹã˼



ĳһధԕDҪġ
ԕDǣǿ⸱Ϊ˴κõģһĪŭӿͷ
̩񰲣ԕDЦһ漴˵Ĺ̩񰲣ΪĺɹԼãǻͶǮǣ
ÿ͸ĺɹǮȴ̻ѵĻҪ࣬˵˭˲ơ
̫ӵ£һ̣λҵġ
ңԕDһѧ峵һŸ߰˶Ӧ֪ʮݵҪԣҲ˽ΪʲôҪջʮݡҪɡԸȥոʮݣȴﷴԣҪ𣿡
̫ӵ£Թ
ԕḐֱִĻޱ˵һѶôԶûá
̫ӵ¡
þ͹ðɡ
̫ӵ¡
ԕDûٴĳǣֱӻصͬʱ䳼ٵһ¡
ĳǹڸſڣ䳼ڻغ̫ӵֶԲߡ
ʱǵĿνֻڼȵʱνֲŽǻصңѵף
ˣڸſڷĳﲢûʯͺǡ
ʯһֱǮĺɹųΪŷǵ˵⻰Ǻݺݵѵһ١Ժٸ岩˵顣
ڣ̫ӵҪոģʯǷǳ޳ֵ֧ġ
ԕD֮Ծģһ׼˺ܾãһĳʯͰڡټϣϻ䳼ڡ
ǰϲĳǵһá
Ȼ䳼ǻѷĳǻĳǿġ
ԕDģȻʿȥڳϵ䳼ǲߵġԕD꾩ǣΪ˵̷ĳǡ
ȥ˱ĳǻں󷽸ʹӣû׼ʱִﱱ飬С֮Ĵĳǣ
䳼ڳϿţĳʲôֽҲˡ
ĳκرӲһֱڸſڣһֱţټңܳģ
ڱĳǳ÷ˣֱȥֵ
ĳǲܽ͢ģֻܼڸſڡ
һԾضԲܻʺ˵̫ӵҪģ
ܻʺеĲյɫ˵š
̫ӵ´ȥģͲ𣿡˵һæҲܻʺ
Ϊ׼˺ܶꡣܻʺ̾˿ֹڼǰʹˡ
̫ӵΪʲôҪģһʵ̻ܶˣôȰȰ̫ӵ¡
ոʮĿ꣬ҪȥջҺ͹ټҶֹ
սգͲ̫ӵ³𣿡
Ȼ£ҲֹȥոʮݡܻʺȻ¶ӳ£ֹӵ롣ߣΪ³ﱸ˺ֹܶ꣬ӡұ֤ȥ󣬲ս
ʹҲΣհǲԕDȥġ
µģҪ
ޣ޶̫ӵȥ
С̫ӵһֱ룬ֵ֧ȥ޶΢΢ЦЦУŵ²¡
ǻǡһε˵ǻǷİ
ŕDD
ߵĸ˵㣬DDҪ飬˭ֹˡ˵ôôܳ£ľ֧Ȼƽ
ô˵Ҳ˵ʲôˡ
ãȵƽ
ʱ˽ܻʺĳǻڸſڡ
ܻʺԣü£ټҺ̫أ
̫ӵڶټ䳼ں䳼¡˵ټȥֵ
ȻǾͲҪǣǹ򡣡ܻʺĮ˵ʱˣ͸ǳǻһط򡣡
ǣ
¶ǵ˵ĳô̫ӵȥԵ˵Ǻ°˵꣬˵ĳǻĨ̫ӵµĳó顣
䳼ڣĳˡܻʺ󵹲飬ߣ⼸꣬DDܺãĳҪĨڕDDϰǲ˵ġЩܻʺԕDӰ죬ôԽԽǰˡ
ҲǣЩĳôôϲ¹򣿡
ƲƲ˵Ϊֻ¹򰡡
⻰òܻʺЦ˳
ܻʺԴԸȥһ˶ÕDD
ǣ
ʱԕD䳼Ƕû¡ֱ䳼ڶš
һߺ䳼ţһ졣
ţԕD䳼£ֱʱŽ
䳼뿪ʹǰƵȥ˸ſڣĳǻڹţضĳһ䳰ȷ
ĳǱ䳼ҫˣм̲ס䳼Ǵ䳼Իƭ̫ӵ£̫ӵ´
䳼˻ȥĳųĳ|ֻǮĺɹ
ĳǺ䳼ڸſڻһ첱Ӵ֡
վһԵĿɿڴؿǰһ档û뵽ƽݵĴǾȻĸŮһ
׵ˣĳǲ䳼ǵĶ֣ûһͱ䳼ƿԡ
䳼ˬˣƨˣĳҧгݡ
һĳȥ
ĳҲ֪ǲڹվһһȳһߡߵſڣǲûȥڹſڣںԕDջּ⡣
ԕD䳼󣬾ȥ
ܻʺǶڡݼԕDҪȥô
ԕD֪ڵ㰲ο˵սȥֻΪ
ܻʺĵѯ׼ôˣԕDʾһж׼ˡڹ̳ȥ


140 
ϻ¹, ԕDûš
ʱĩнʿĶʮѧӴŽʿμ񲿾ٰ¹硣
Ŀνǽʿһʱ֮һô¹ҲΪʱ
ǵĴ, Ƕʮѧ
¹粢巵ٰ졣¹ûʸ巵ġ巵ٰᶼǹҼ, 롣
⳶ԶˣԹ¹ٰ졣Ҳרžٰĵط
ѧǰǿнʿΣһһá
¹绹ûпʼ, Ҳû, ʿǾͻϲͺ
Ϊ״Ԫ, Ϊ̫ӵµİ, ҪֺúͰͽ˺ܶࡣ
ȻֲͷӦ飬Ϊ̫ӵµİ֪Ц, ǳغ˵
֣ʣµĶʮĸʿмǿ֮, ;ԕDеˡ
ԕDΪѡķҲе˲š
ԡԡԵĲϣ͵Ĺ۵Ȼ, ȴҲסĴ, ҲǸʵˡΪţ˽ײϰյĲ, Բд
ԕD˵, ԕDҲͶ׽׽
һʼ˼˵Ǻ۵ԵĲ, ̲ס߽
ֵĲдķǳ, ѧǷǳŷġ֮ǰ, ѧֿнԪͻԪΪ̫ӵµİ, ǺֵĿеĻɲʧ
ͿֵĿдĲǷǳ͵ģͬʱҲǷǳ۲¡
˺£ûסǰҲ
ּͺ˵ʵҲд£ȻĲɲ̫ڣǿĽǶǷǳ׼ȷġдҲǳʵ
һͺܶ۵һ¾Ͷˣ̲סһȻûзһʱʱ뵽ǵ̸С
ͽʲô㡣ȻûпмװǰףǰʮСճ͢ĹأһҪԺְġ
ҰʮʿûʸںԺְҪɵְġ
˵ȥְԣؼְ
Ȼ꾩Ƿٽأ꾩ǲѧʲôҪȥְѧܶණҲΪϰ츣
Ҫȥְ뷨Ȱ˵꾩ǣȥԺְ
Ժкܶ鼮ʵԺǹͼݡ״Ԫһʼ䵽ԺְһξꡣһںԺ࿴ѧϰһĥǵġ
־ȥְ֮ǰҪ࿴飬ԺȥҲóߣԺĹԱǶвŻˣһְҲѧϰ
;ǳãĻںԺְ꣬Ȼȥְ
֣Ժָֻ̡Ǻһ;֪ѧʶԨ̲סҪġУ¡
֣ҪʧˣҲȥԺְ
ԣɵһΪΣѵҪȥְ𣿡
˵ȥأǲȥְǸ̫ӵȥءȹڣҪ̫ӵһȥ
̫ӵȥأ̫ӵҪȥѧ𣿡͵һӦ
⵹ǡ룬Ӧû֪̫ӵҪոһ£ûͣ˵Ҹ̫ӵȥ
ȥһ̫ӵȥʲôѲ𣿡
⣬ûлش
֪ˡ
⻰ϲ¶һĨɻɫ׼˵Щʲôʱ˽
½ʿǸϽվãȻһ
ʮֿףǿнʿ˵һǵĻ
ʮʿĻ˵ͷȣһɫ޲Ϊ͢Ϳء
˵껰¹翪ʼ
ʯ˽
ǽʿǵĹ͡
󳼣ԭڹſڹšǡ롱ˡ
¹磬½ĽʿǡһȺ󳼹ڹſڣ½Ľʿǿʲôӡ
Щڸ͹ŵĴǣϥǺ˫ȹˡеˣ·һȳһյģȥμ¹̫ʺˡԣͱʯͰ|͡
ʯǵ˺ҲݽʵҲǼ½Ľʿǡ
ֱ˵ûʵĻߴ治طۡ
ʯݺݵһ֣񾯸ʵ㡣
Ⱥ˵껰ԕDˡ
½ĽʿǼ̫ӵˣһǳ˷ܡȻû
ԕD漴Ʊ½ĽʿǾƣףǿнʿ
ԕDȺ½ĽʿǺƣȻ¹ʽʼ
ʦ֣輧裬˲ϲ
Ϊ״ԪȻͷԕDơ
ԕD˵棬ݺݰֿһ˵ԪڵĸڿƾٵʷŨīһʡ
־ƣǰۡ̽
ֵ͵ʱԕDҲ佱һûгɻ顣
ͺʾԼδɻ飬Ҳδס
ԕDЦ˵Ȼûжףǽ鲻Ҹ˵һ¡
ʹˣû뵽̫ӵ»ͻ顣
ѧӷ׷Ľʺ޵̫ͣӵΪʲôƫƫͻ顣
²Żع漴æл
л̫ӵ´ͻ顣
һ㣬һǸ߼ҵŮиϡ
סˣΪԕD˵ĸϣʶġ֮ǰ̫ѧüһĹǸʱװΪӣû뵽ȴŮӡ
л̫ӵ¡ͶԸϵӡܺãԸ͸ϳɻ顣
Ķ³ǸӣǾһճɻɡϧǸʱǲ꾩ǣҲϲ
л̫ӵ¡
Ľʿˡֿ״Ԫ̫ӵ²ִͻ飬ȴʹͻ飬͵ʲôá
ֵĻ£ԕD֡ԼѡúٸǴͻ顣
ʹ飬ԕD½Ľʿôĺɹ
½ĽʿҪĳйǶĺɹǡȻκǩԼԼΪĺɹΥԼȻ¹Ρ
ǻʾҪĺɹпɳ֮
½ʿⷬشԕDǳ⣬Ҳǳο˻ǷǳѪģĹôˡ
ֺ½ʿһԕD뿪ˡҪһֱ¹磬ʿҲŲ
ʯǸԕDһ뿪ˡ
壬ߺ󣬳þͿˡ
·ģȾĺȡ
ͺҲԕDġ
壬ڹ־͸ˣʱһ˺úþ۾ۡԕDɫ˵ģһƽ
ŵ¡
ԕDû˵ʲôԪɻضˡ
ʯûмŻؼңԺ֡
ʱ¹½ĽʿǷ׷׳
ʯһ˼ҡ
ֺ˲پƣûкڽμ¹ǰ˽ҩ
գ̫ӵҪһ¾꾩Ǵ


141 
˵ô, ̫ӵҪȥģ
̫ӵΪʲôҪģ
úõģ̫ӵôҪİ
Щòаȵ, ̫ӵôҪȥ̰
ѵ֪ǴÿʮǮģ
£
û˵°ʮǮ, ҪǮ
ҾҲôǮ
, Ǵÿ껹ҪǮɹ̫ӵ¹ģΪԺǮġ
˵̫ӵҪɡԸջʮݡ
ǲ֪, ر׺ݲ̣ÿ궼ɧűɱ, ޶Ūñ
ԶԶԣҲ˵ˡҼֶڽﵱ˵Ƕ, ĳǲ, һֱǮƽʵÿ͸ĺɹǮȴ̵Ǯࡣ
͸ĺɹǮǴЩͰ˰õô, ǵѪǮĺɹ˰
̫ӵ˵ÿ͸ĺɹǮ, ϰյϣǶܹϺӡ
ô˵̫ӵ¹ǶԵģ
ȻǶԵģҷǳԡ



꾩, ԕDһ´ķзЩ죬꾩еĴССݵ˵˵ЩĶ, 꾩ǵϰջðɡǲ֪ľȻôǴΣ̫ӵ¹Ϊ, ҲǱΡ
˵˵ĵĶһԕDŵ, ϰ֪ΪʲôҪ, Ҳϰ֪İռļݱڴεġȻҪҪϰ֪ģʵΪ˱Σϰǵİȫ
֪ĵĶкϰǷ׷֧̫ӵ¹ģĳû뵽ġ
⼸գĳǻڷԕDһ¡ɢһϢԭΪϰǻ̫ᷴӵ¹һ£û뵽ϰǾȻ֧֣
ĳǵķԣںԕDûзǷȥ
ԕDԭǳãϾǣһֱȰ˵Ҫģ˵ҪĻΪʷˣǻˡ
ݵѵŷǣѵŷƿԡ
ĳϲݵ䣬ԕDóһǡ
ЩԕD˲飬ټĿڲűͺãҪ˵ͺѡټϣȺĳ͡顱
УǲԕD˵ػԕDҲûֱӴǵСºƫһǵĿ
岩û뵽̫ӵͲȴ¶֪
ôԕDǰһֱšɡ̫ӵ£ǳǵĻû뵽ͻȻһ죬̫ӵ±òȻܽܡ
ͼԕDɵڶڣϧԕDߣҲϣԕDڶ
̫ӵºȻáѱĳǰѹڲܼҵ佫ϡǾԲܼΪ׵佫̫ӵǰԻڣ̫ӵôȥġ
ĳǼ̫ӵ¹һ²ɹ͵ͷβܼҺۼҡ䳼ԲܼҺۼհֻҪǣܶԸ佫
ܼҺۼϵᷢ飬׼ػز˹ȥ
Щ죬糯ϣĹǺ䳼ǳͣ
ڱǳͷֻۣÿڴǣǱ죬ڶϳִ
ԕDȥĳҧ䳼ǣڳϾͰǺݺݵѵһ˵ǲΪεİΣԣΪϰ룬ֻ뻨ǮƽĿǳΡ
ĳȻԕD
ԕDڳϸĳǿ˿ͼǿαġɹɹŰΧ
ǳ沢ϬظǷ˴ԺҪԵΣգǿɹ˵׺ݺͲ̣Լǵ
䳼ʱʱԕDĻ
ĳԕD˵Ժɹ£ʱǵ֮Ϳ̿
ԕDĳǣɹʱѾڶţò˶þͻ¡ǴζԸɹţôԭᱻɹŵڽ£ʱǾͻԭΪԭסȵǸʱ򣬺˻ʲô³ϸ˵
ĳǱԕDⷬŵˡǲԸɹŻ¹ΣԕD˵̫ǲòš
ԕDĳǣһٴηôαոʮݡֻаʮջˣܵɹ¡
˵֮ҪոʮݣΪɡԸҲΪ˸Զϰƽԭһɹŵ£ɹɽ
Щĳ̫ӵµĻ˵ˣ̫ӵ¹ǶԵġǣǺܶĳûбԕD˵ʼվǲԵġ
Ǽַһ£ԕDٸǷϿ࣬ȥ
½ĶʮʿǷǳ֧ԕDģ˵ɹһ£Ǿ¼̤ǵĺɽ
ǰһֱǳֵġ
Ժڿйɹŵ鼮Щʱһֱڿⷽ飬ԽԽľԽԽ̫ӵµ˼ǶԵģһҪջʮݣغôεķߣɹ¡
֣һͬǰȥ⼸˽⵽εĴ;ԼΪεĹԱӦΪЧǣںԺܳȥ
⻰ͣеıʣ̧ȵͣҪȥ
ԣȥһɫǳ˵µһҲԸġ
򣿡Цһɲܵġ
֣ȥ΢΢˵֪Լ޸֮ƽҲûжʲô飬ȥҲﲻʲôæվڣҲԸ⡣
֣ȥΣա
Ҳ£ҾһΪжӦ֣ȻţһЩó̫ܰӵ˵˵Ҳȥɡȥ
ּɫᶨеıʣɫµʵģ
صͷǳ棡˵꣬˵⼸տйɹŷ鼮̫ӵµĵǶԵġ
͵Ļ󣬱˵֣Ҫɻģȥ˱Ҫӳ٣
⡭͵û뵽
·ݿ϶ǻزģ㲻ܲװɡ
ҡ
˵֣㻹꾩ǣȵ³ɻ˵
ǡ
ִ͵Ļ˵֣꾩Ҳʲô鶼ˣе飬һҲ֪ܶ˷Ե¹ġ
˲ֵ˼ͷ˵ãһϸ⳯еĶ򡣡
ģҵ˱һᾭдŸ㣬㱱顣
л֡
ͺɹŵ飬ԽԽɹſ£Ϸɹš
ָԕD˵ȥһ£ԕDòܵ͸ϵĻ¡ȵٿɡ
պ󣬾ѽڣǽעƽ
ڶĳ˵ʲôӣǶ䳼˵ȴǺӡ
ֹڡڶգһ磬ھʹԕDȥغڣǱԕDһ˳
֣صļ꣬ԕDֵٹԼʿǵǰһʵǼʿǵĻ
ڳĽʿǱԕDĻ˵Ѫڣͬš̫ӵǧꡱνɽ
ʿǵĺ쳹գò꾩ǵϰǶˡ
ϰǱʿǵĺˣһͷȣ̫ӵǧ꣬ʤȻ
ԕDݱڣŽʿǺƺƵ뿪˻ʹ̤ǰ·;


142 
, ݺͲܻʺ˵
¿ˣ
ûУƾ졣ܻʺ, ЦЦģDD¡
΢΢̾˿˵Դӵȥ˱, һֱϰ, ǵĵ³¡
DDкܶ˱Բµ, ͲҪˡܻʺĸ׵ķûôǡ
ô˵, ﻹ̲סġ
, , ǱҪ꾩, ڱ᲻ᶳŰ
ԕD뿪꾩Ѿˡǰ͵ִ˱һûмŹ, ѲӲ鿴±
޵Ĺ, һٵľ, ԕD⡣
ϰ֪̫ӵԴģʮ޳֧֡Щ, һֱĺɹ˵Ⱥ, ĺɹǡǳ͢, ϰǺ޲Լȥĺɹ
ô꣬͢ڳģϰǷǳϲ
ԕDڹǰ, ԱϰǷһʵ, ǸϰճһŶ, ǣδʮİգһܻʤһƽӡ
ϰ⻰󣬵ȻѪڣֱ̫ӵǧꡱ
ԕD˱º󣬾Դġ
Ȼ֮ǰһֱܻʺǱ֤սȻƭܻʺǵġ֮ô˵ΪľǷġ
ԕDһս£෴ǳ侲ûȡ࣬Լ󽫾
һ£ԕDεΪ󽫾ָӡ̫ӵġ
ȻԕDҲԱоûϹսûʵս顣һδ̣ԲԼָӡ
һսԕDֵķǳɫĽʿǷǳȻҪĽʿǲҪ͸¶սϢȻںͲܻʺһּȥ
ԕDǺǰǰ󡢴ССʮ̡ÿһ̣εĽʿȫʤñϰǷǳ
ĶԴιȻǳŭʹʣ˻ȥ
ȻѾ컨֮ǰĵĽʿȾ컨֮һ˵ûľӵԪǵȷĵľֹˣĵҺ͹Ҳв˸Ⱦ컨ǰҪ¹εӾͱȾ컨Уĵ̫ҲȾˡûӣûиġ
ʵʹû컨ԕDҲڹ󹥴ġ˵컨ȷԕDæ
ɹ֪ιģȻҪû٣컨Ȼɹڡ񡱡ɹԹ˲Ͼûɱȥ͡
ɹû컨ԕDҲа취ɹûϴκ֮顣
εĽʿѾոİռݡٶȥ꣬ԕDܴոġ
꾩յԕDǴʤ̵ϢȻǳˡ
䳼Ҳǳ˷ܣ׷׳̫ӵӢ¡
ĳǲûиˣ磬Ĵλеĵķ񱨸
ĳ˵ɥ䳼ֺǳĳȻ佫ǣֻʾǲԵġ
佫ú޲ǰЩ˥ĳǡ
Ϊ䳼ڣĳڳûֽţơ̫ӵ´ӱ
ȻΪʯͰڣĳǵЩıơûʹ
ߣܻʺ˵ûյԕDšǱߣյĽݱ
ʮǰεľӺĵľִΣ˫ǳ࣬һ̡
ⳡ̣ԕDָӣ󣬵һָӡ
ⳡָӳɫʤӮģɹսһƥɱͽʿ
಻Ұ͸˵ⳡ̫ӵָӰŵġȻû˵ԕDսһ¡
յݱ󣬴ϲæȥܻʺǿ
ܻʺݿ˺Ҳǳϲ
ڰԕDݺݿһ˵ܻʺԕD̵غܺá
ܻʺǫرʾҲڽ̵úá
֮ڻϲѸ£֪̫ӵȥ˱һֱڴʤ̡
꾩ǵϰյ֪󣬵Ȼǳϲ׷׿̫ӵӢ޵Сͬʱﰲ˲١
Ȼ֧̫ӵֹ֧ģ̫ӵҪǴˣϰյӾͻòù̫ӵ˫ȫ仨ˮ
޵֪ԕDִʤ̣зǳȸԾдһŸ̫ӵ¡
ҲΪܸܵˣҾ֪DDһܴʤ̡
̫ӵ¾ͨǾԲ˵ġȻ̫ӵ֮ǰûϹս̫ӵֱ飬óֱֻҪս̫ӵһľ󣬾һܴʤ̡
⸱ģ٩޵ҿ޲ɵȥ
޺е
˵˰ɡ˵꣬ϵϷʣ˵DDҲDDС󣬕DDû뿪꾩ǣͻȻȥ˱һֱģܵ¡
͵ǽ
ЩҺ͕DDûзֿɫ˵ϣDD
Ҳϣ
DD϶ܸǳɻǰһ˵ͺúõ׼Ӱɡ
߳ŭؽе
ҿû˵
ӣԼγǣ޻˻ȥ󣬹ҲҪ𣿡
ǰʱ䣬ڸ¡δҦˣҦҵӡȻǵճ͸ͬ䣬ϲʫϲȨᣬϲ;ֻˡ
ҦӳȻûвɫ꾩ǵſлǺġߣ˽ԺãûӵܵЩëϲĴд
ټԿһǳ⡣֮󣬰͸棬û뵽һ飬Ȼ޻̸
Ҧһϲ£ϲȨϲԺ֣Ȼʫ
ϲ˴ˣھּͻ顣İʮˣ˳ɻ顣
ΪԕD꾩ǣԸĻ¾Ͱ
Ѿ׼ˣ͵żˡΪףҦӾҦӻ븣档
ҦӷʲôóԵĶͺĶһʱ͸
˺ûҲһʱ͸Ҧӡ
ҦԕDƼģɻʳ˾ϸƷû⣬ֺͥг
ЩȲҪ˰
ҲûС΢΢Щյȥ޵
վ˹ȥû뵽ҲẦ߰
ޣ
һ֮һͬдŸԕD
ԶڱԕDں͵࣬ս¡
ڼǰͳΪ˸ǵΪұۡЩẉ̂ǳͣ˲ٹ͡
͵£ԕDͳ˧սӪȥĽʿ
⼸죬ԽԽ䡣ŵ˵ܶɱҺǰ˳׼ؾ͸ʿް
ǰԕDƹֲ޻޻£һԭΪ˱Ľʿ
ĽʿǼ̫ӵôǣгмĸԸΪ̫ӵ¸Ϳء
ԕDĵѯվڵʿ䲻䡣̫ˣͺͼҾơ
ƽʱӪǲʿǺȾƣǱĶʵ̫ˡʿǺȼҾůʿûվѲӵġԕDԼҲҾů
ʿǱʾǲ䣬̫ӵ²õǡ
ԴԕDľӪĽʿǾ͸˼ѪһһǳѪϾǵ˺ܶ꣬ڵȵܳġ


143 
һĵĽʿ, Ǿɫ
ǹ߻Ӳû뵽αǸǲŸҡ۸ΡгһջôǿӲ
⼸ĵĽʿһֱ䡣˵, ڽڰˡ
ĵĽʿڴεʿǰ޻֮
ԕDĵʱ򣬲ûʹôͳʹҲĴ仨ˮ
֮ԲҪҪɹ֪
˵ģòԕDСģľôɹȾͲԶˡ
һ·ʤôϰǹһְȵꡣ
ԕDڱ˰̣ǳ, ϰǶ㷲ǣԕDڱһֱڴʤ, ôεĳúϰպݺݵءüˡ
Ҫ֪, һֱζǡ䡱ĵطÿ궼ǮĺɹξȻܰĴĺ޻֮, Ǹκݺݵسһ
Ĳ˵, ˵ϰǣڱ÷ǳе, ǰ²ᵽģϰն¶мɫ
, ŵ˵˴ϰճġȫС, ǾǴεľӲ, ǷǳǿģܴӮĵġ
걱ķǳ֣ϰǵ϶ЦݣǷĵЦݡ
ÿ궬죬ϰնĵսľĺɹɧǣǺúӡǣ꣬Դ̫ӵ´ĺɹ˾Ҳûɱӡ
ϰǲȵضɹ˶죬Ҳܿĵع꣬ǾӸǵİȫУǲٺĺɹ
ȻϾҪˣԕDûл꾩ǵĴ㡣ߣ˲꣬Ǳ߽䱸ĺɹпɳ֮
εľջ˺üݣвٽʿס⼸ԕDûйȥһֱڱ
ԕD֪Ǳġ롱ֻҪڱϰǾͻǳġΪñϰǾΥعһְȵ꣬˱ûȥոļݡ
ϰǷǳжԕDʱնǳĵظԕDĶȻһЩֵǮĶЩϰǵ⡣
ԕD޼ꡣ⼸ҲһֱڱĹãϰյҪǰùˡ
һգԕDڱĳǽϵѲӡ
վڳǽϵߵ㣬Զ֮ǰİռļݣǴε
£Ӧܰİռļȫջ˰ɣ
ԕDͷ˵⣬׾ȫջҪĵûЩʱ䣬пҪꡣ
ϾһʱṥҲƽҲ飬ԱЩ˽⡣룬˵ʱһֱĵ顣£ոĿʼһֱӮҵĽʿǻе˼
ԕDô˵һҲ⣬ЦҲ飬һֱǵ˼빤ĿǰĻǲûӵ˼ǴɣԕD뵽飬ÿһʤ̣ýʿ֪ǵʤ֮ס
˼빤޵һ˵ʣǴŲµʲô˼
֪ܽԕDϸظ޽˽ô˼빤ġһ壬ǵ¡
һǷǳó˼빤ġԕDԼԺԼڲźãԺܻ˼빤ߣľӪٵķǳã˵ɷǳϡ
ѹָ˵ĿڲŲ¡
˵Ͳò⼸õšԕDá⼸ȻԶںݣڄϰѳд󳼶һ顣
֮ǰԕDҪģΪ׵ĳǷԣ֪󣬾дһ℞ӻ꾩ǡڄУذǴһ١
ڷǳ糯ϣٹǵ棬ïʵĄӶ
Щĳ˺󣬵Ȼһࡣ䳼ЦֹǾ̫ˡ
ԣ޲øԕDһȻξġ
£ȹ꣬ǲǾҪ뿪
ԣľߡ꣬ǵüġô᲻ң
޳ʵ˵᲻ãǸǲġ
ԕD޵ĵģЦЦģҲµġ
£һҪԼ
ԕḐ޵ļЦ˵һģ˵꣬һҪ꾩ǣҵϲơ
ʵ޵ʣܴӱߣϾ꣬ꡣ
µϲƣһȡ
ԕDһŴӳǽԕDؾӪˣ޻صšȵϣԕDȥ޵ĸһԷ
ûˣϲգǲܻʺݣΪ˼ԕDвûжٻ֡
Ȼܻʺ󲻵Ķӳ£ǽûжӣġ
ԕDҲˣڣ΢һЩ
꣬ԕDڱڲͬ
Ϧһ죬ϰ˱ʳԕDͽʿǡֹˣ˲ٺòˡ
ϦһԕD͸СһһһҵذʺãɰϰǼˡ
˵Ǹϰǰ꣬ʵҲڸϰǵ𡣹꣬һ磬ԕDŽʿ뿪˱ȻʿػԷĺɹ͵ϮرĽɡ
Щһֱŵػ߱Ըĺɹ˷ǳо顣Ͳõıᱻݡ
ԕD뿪һ·߸ͽĺüط
Զ꾩ǵںͲܻʺյϢʱѾȥˡ
뵽ô컹ڴ̣ܻʺڵȻʮۡʵкüΣںͲܻʺּԕDҲ֪ʹּҲ
£³ӭȢ˸ϡ
ǳ׵һ죬ʵ͵͵سڸ߼ҵĸǰӼ޸ˣǳӡ
͵͵꾩ǵģһ۸ϳ޵󣬾ĵ뿪ˡ
Ͽ˲ûзȥ꾩һ¡ص꾩Ǻ󣬺ǰһԼԺ飬˿
Щһֱڳﻮ׼һЩ顣񣬿Ҫʱˡ
ͺ͸ϳɻ󣬺͸һȥ׷ԕD֧ô
ڼҪȥ׷ԕDȻᷴԣּȥ
һºͲŸϵֻ֮˰£ҵԕDǡ
ˣԕDǵȻӭ
;͸ԕD飬յļϢ
֮ǰûж飬֪ԕDҪĺ󣬾Ϳʼж顣ˣ̡
ԕDһʱ󣬾˼սۺҲܳһЩ
ںһԕDߵľʦ
һ꣬ԕDһֱڹģûлع꾩
һУȻҲ̲һֱӮ˵Ҳгʤ֮ʦ
˷Ǻ£Ϊܴȡ顣
׵ʱԕDҪĵȻûôô򣬺ʱ²Ű
ԕDǹǰ껲ˡ̫Ӹɵӣ˳λռλûãʧˡ֮ȨԕDͶ
ͶǲٸǮ
Ժ󲻻ġ
ǰĵˣõ˼ãõľͷˡȻǰҵ˶͵꾩ͳһ
ոĺԕDûмŻ꾩ǣ
ڣָܶܿ
ȻҲ츮Ҳǰĵ
æ£³ʱԕD̤Ϸ꾩ǵ·̡
ǳҪ顣ʮˣˡʮ³Լɻ顣
һºԕDڻص꾩ǡ
ص꾩ǵĵ죬ȥ꾩ӭ
ûĶӣûסһֱסԕD
ԕDֳ˲١ڣڸһͷ
ˣ˵Ҳ˱仯øӳء
꾩ǵϰվڽֵԣǲʻӭӿ̫ӵ¡
ԕD꾩ʱϰǼشţ̫ӵǧ꣡
һ̫ӵ¡ǧ쳹꾩ǵգѪڡ


144 
û, ںͲܻʺǶԕD˼ȻǳȻҲкܶ໰˵
ԕDҲвٻܻʺ˵, Ͼ﷢˲顣
һ˺ܶľ, Űľá
ԕDص꾩ǣ֣ú꾩ﶼֲ١
, ԕDûһعȥ糯ںͲܻʺúõϢһʱ䣬Ϣȥϳ
ԕDҲ飬ص꾩Ǻ, Ϣ˰²糯
һϳ͵ٹǵ棬ٴϸ˵˵һ¡
佫Ѫ, ֱ̫ӵӢĳȻû˵ʲôҲûпɨˡ
ԕDʤ̵Ϣϵشص꾩, ĳٷҲ˵ʲô
δʤ, ˳֮ǰİռļݡֹˣǰһϹ˲Ǯͺö, ĳǲ˵ʲô
ԕDǹʱ򣬶ҽһγ׵ġɨ, ջ˲ٲƲŵ˵, ЩƲЩ͸ĵǮҪ, ɼǮ
Щÿ͸ĲǮԼҲ׬˲Ǯ, Ȼ˲ٲƸ
ջصǮȻҪõϡ
̫ӵ´ĴôǮ, Цĺϲ£졣˵ٷԹ, ڳ׵֧̫ӵ½ɹɹ϶ҪǮĶࡣ
һôǮ, ˵ˣڣвĳҲ˰ǮЩٵҲù
ĴǮںԕDһһϣ˵úøϰյЩʣµǮͶӪ
ΣԕDĻڳУ䣬ĵλְθ˺üȡ
ڣԕD仹һţǾǡս񡱡
ϰǿ̫ӵʱʹģʤ䣬սʲô
ԕDص꾩ûã͸ޡ
޵һ죬ǳ֣Ҳǳ¡ءǼױʮױһҲΪ꾩ǵϰǴ۽磬ʶ˻ʼҵĻ
ҦӺ͸ԭϲԷ˳ɻԽమΪʡ
ںͲܻʺ󣬻ݼҸЦݣҲǳġ
Ļ󣬽ԕDĻ
Ϊ̫ӣĻȻҪȸĸ¡ϲ졣غҲǳࡣ
ԕD̫̾ӽ治סʮ³ԕD޳ףٹͬ졣
ȥۼӭȢ޵ʱ꾩ǵϰվڽֵԣһ߿֣һף̫ӵ´顣
ԕDһܺãϰǶǳף꾩ǵϰǵȻҪԹ
ܵϰǵĳףأԕDϣ˫ֱȭֵԵϰҾл
ۼ˶ԕDŮҲǳ⣬ӭӵʱ򣬲ûж
ԕDӭӵޣ꾩һȦȻȵʱŻع
Ƚ˹ԕDǰáȰ붴ԕD޺˽ơ
һеǺԕDͳȥʹǺȾơ
̫ӵ³ɻ飬ȻҪףء
佫ǺһֱԕDľơҺԕDǰ׼ᱻ佫ǹ
ʹǺһƣԕDװԪɺԪطȥװеĺȡ
ԕDһ˵㶫֮ʹһֵǧ
ɻԕDûмȥɹ
ɹ컨ûкáʱȥɹ
ڼӳɻˣԾͰе½ԕDֵС
ԕDսԽϣĴһ㶼СߣϹսһѳʲȾѪĽǰĲǡ
ԕDĻԽ죬ҲԽе֮࣬Ǽο̾ǻԕDǲԣԕDӮġǻϣԕDҪٳ̡
ԕDǵУȻܵǲ޳ɹһ¡ûзϡ
ɹһڱеģĳôԶκθı䡣
˵ʱ䣬ȥɹǸ׼Ļǵ׼˵ɹһ£񹥴ô˳
ɹԕDĴ㡣Ȼʱ䡣ʱꡣ
ԕDûлǴϵȴǳϵ
ˣ֮ǰΪԕDɻ飬ּ¡ˣ˲ٸ˰
ԕDø˰ּ̫࣬˲٣ϰ˵һ¡
ϰǼ̫ӵһ͸Ǽ⸳˰̫ӵʾԕDԽá
ԕDּطõźú·ˮ⡢޳ǽѧУ
˵ѧУͲòҽѧԺĿǰҽѧԺѾںܶطҰݱ
ԕDּøؿѧãԽԽܶʶ֡
ˣؼ沢һ¡
Ȼ͢һֱϳؼ沢һ£ǻǲٹӳ÷ȣ沢ء
ԕDصú󣬾ɻʳ˾˵Щ֪֤ȷԕDϳ͡
ԭֿţԕDѹԕDЭû뵽̫ӵ·ǳǿӲȫǡ
ЩռصĹ岻֪ڸģÿͷĿͷóҵĳҡŵţεΡ
ȨǼ̫ӵôϿᣬٸԕDԿʵʵذѰռؽ˳ȥ
ȨǶŵˣЩǮﻹҼ沢أһǳʵϽ
ԕDջأַϰա
ϰأ͵зԡ
Ϊ£ϰǶԕDм㡣
ԕDԭѺĳаưã뵽ô͵ڸȨǳаصĻᣬʱϰûءԣ룬黹ɳƿءΪˣԕDּ˹|֡
|ֵþǹȫءÿطУֹЩ|ֵĹԱǻþȥ鿴û˰ռء
׵ʱϢ
ˡ
ûãҲСû뵽û죬̫ҲҲС
ʵԕD˼޶СʺкӣҪȥɹ̫ûУǺͰǶ᲻ĵġ˵䲻Ļˣи
ϧԕDûۼ֤Լĺӳ·ݣŴɹ
ȥ׵ʱɹڰ컨ˡǻû컨лָʱ򹥴Ϊʡ
ɹȻµιĺ󣬻ṥǣҲ˷֮ǰ컨ʧأǲǴεĶ֡
ԕDһʼɹǳ˳Ӯ˺üνʿǴܴġ
ǰεĽʿʮ־ɹʿΪɹʿǳ׺ݲ̣ټεĽʿȫǶ֡ɹĽʿǰһûôεĽʿǲٺǡ
⼸̣ԕDûжӦò˶þҪ
ԕDɹʱʵʱˣʼļƻ


145 
ԕDĻ, Ϣ˰²糯£һʱ䣬ûдڹ, ڴ¡
ڴϢʱ, ԕDÿſվʦод𾭡ôΪˡ⡱ϵġɱ
ʱ, ԕDսɱ˲ٵˡշҵ˵, ˲ɱ˵ôΪ˱, ɱ˾ɱˡ
˵ԕD̫Щֶвޡ˵ʱ, ˯еĴʦ鲻Ҳӡ
ڼ, ԕDÿ춼ǳϵظſվʦод𾭡
ԕDڳȥɹǰ죬ȥ˴¡һ, ոɹ˳һ棬ϣһЩˡ
ۣɹ֮ǡվʦ˵Ͷס, û˵ȥĵѾԕDȥոɹ̫ȫ
ʦ, ֪ոɹΣաԕD΢΢ЦЦ, ûҵĵڶѡҼǵʦǰ˵, ҵĵڶѾҳʱ, ӦոɹʱΣա
վʦû뵽ԕDǵ, ΢΢, 漴ɫ˵֪ͺá
ҿû顣ԕDɫƽûΪڶѶֻš
㲻£
ʦֲ˵Ҳ֮ǣǻЩࡣԕDķǳֻҪҲͺá
㵹ǻվʦ޵
ʦ֣Ҳô죬鲢ܱܿ𣿡ȥոɹǻΣաȻⲻˣǾͿ㡣
վʦۺ˵ͺá
ԕDʵʦ֣λСʱһλҪ𣿡
վʦؿһԕD̾˿˵һ
һԕDŵˡû뵽ôءСʱһҲǾһˣֻҪͺá
˧Ҫǳ˻ӰĵģҪע⡣
ԕDͷ˵һᰲźõģ
վʦ֪ԕDı£ûж˵ʲô
ɹǻ֮أǧҪСġ
һСĵġɹʲôԕD˭⼸꣬һֱڸɹ˴򽻵֪ɹ˵ӡʦַģһ῭ģȻɹոԕDǷǳܹɹ
ʦ㣡վʦԕDոɹ󣬽ɹҲҪ
ɹɹŸΣաԕDɹŲǴĵˡոɹһոȻɹŸϵĮǼʮ꣬ϰ̤ԭȻɹ£ڴ|ںľֵǰòһ
̤ԭȻͿ̿ʷϵһŪվʦɹһ̤ԭôʱһһӲҡ
ʦַģֻҪڵһ죬;Բɹ̤ԭػεĽɽϰյİΣһΡ
õվʦֶӡ
ʦַģһֱţûдȡ
Ǿͺá
ʦ֣ߺҵĹ£ϣߺȥԕDɫ󣬡ʦڣҾͲõҵ͋݋ǵİΣ
ãһȥ
ʦ֣ĵؽҪκ֪ȻҵĻݾߡ
վʦԕD˼ͷ˵á
ԕDվʦ󣬾ͻصںͲܻʺʵ
ȻЩ꣬ʵļӲûκԕDʼնġ²ʵһֱûжûҵʱʵһֱڵȴʱΪʱոɹ֮ʱ
ɹ˵ڴεı߾ϣҪľԶʵĵʱ֣ôӱ޵Ļڶʮڸϻ꾩ǡǣҪɹϻ꾩ǣʹӱҲҪһ¡
һµʱ㹻ʵܶ顣ʵĶ죬һڰһж֡
ԕDʵĵ̷ûи֪һȥոɹʵһжûзȥɹȥɹʵͲðȻض֡
ȥɹ֮ǰԕDѾȫ׼͵ʵ
ȻԕDˣȥɹʵҲסʼļƻ
ʵǰ飬ճЩԱнĽʿЩ꣬Ͽ˲ʿ͸ҪǹӦ
һչܿ칬ӦʹϢںͲܻʺǶơ
ʱ򣬱̫ӵʧٵϢ
һʱ䣬ú䶼˶
ʵ飬ŽֱʹյĿںţںͲܻʺ
ʹʵεؿơ
ؿڴϣ˫۷ŭصʵ
常ΨһĶˣβûл̫ӣСʱͻʺ빬е̫û˱Ҹʺ̫ӡʵڴߣڳһТ˳ģ常ҲˣֱӰѻλңΪֵǡϱӵķչ͵ǻˡǣⱲԕDĪܳĻ̫ӣĻλһֱš
ʵû뵽㾹ȻȿȿȡΪģҵؿû뵽㾹Ȼ治췴Сˣ
常û췴ΪǰʵһΪáı飬ԕDˣû˻̫ӣǺͰǻ̻̲̫ӣ˳Ǻϰǻġ
̫ӣDDһָͷȲϡ
仰˵ŭʵֻոջЦӯӯʱ۵һƬ𺡣
ûԕDǴε̫ӣǴεĹټҡ˵꣬ɫŤȰʶ㣬ϿдλگңȻ顣
˵޾Ҳдλگ㡣
ã㾴ƲԳԷƣǾͱֶ顣ʵվվһԵĳ˵ͽˣ֮ǰҪλگ顣Ȳˡ
ģһܵõλگ顣
ʵڹӦǳˡ
˽ŵġ
ڽӳ˻ع֮ǰʵҵҰˡ׼ȷ˵ʵѺĸĸв
ϣˣʹ޵㾹Ȼޣ
ʵ̬ȣ΢ЦضԳ˵£ҷġԼһĳˣʵǷǳηĵġˣˡ
ǡ
԰ʵ͵ſڡ
ʵԳ⸱ƴӵģ⣬ֶЦЦ³ɺҾ㡣
лӡϲ
ʵû˵ʲôת뿪ˡҲáٹٶԺɽء
뿪󣬾ȥԺǣʶƼΪε̫ӡ
ȻϡܾʵǷŭ޳ǡ
֧ʵΪ̫ӵĴƤ֮ࡣԵĴǣȻ̡ܵ
ȻΪ׵ĳĺɹʱûһǡǣʵʱǵ˷ȴˡ
ڶųƿڴſڵʵˣһ϶¶Цݡ
Ȱ㣬Թдλگ飬Ȼһ
ˣǾԲдλگġڵĻû˵꣬ͻȻһҽУ
һҽŵſڵһ
һֱڲҽУſڵͷƤ顣


146 

ʦ, û𣿡żʵ͋݋û𣿡
ǰʱգܻʺÿվʦ޻ش, ûκ֪
ʵǰ, ҵޣɱ͸еĺӣһֱûҵ
ܻʺǰȥ£ԾԤϵʵ治췴
վʦһȺ͵ض˵û, ټҺͻʺõ׼, ƿǱʵΰѿأʵһжڹټҺͻʺ֮С
ǷǳŲܻʺﻹ̲סǡ
µ͋݋ǻΣա
ټҺͻʺﲻΣգ̫ӵҲƽ¡վʦ˽ĲضЦЦͰţȹջʺԽع
վʦô˵, ﰲ˼֡
ллʦ
վʦû˵ʲô, Ÿղŵ, ޽𾭡
ʵһֱڵȳдõĴλگ飬Ҳûʧ, ǰ˴λگ顣
úú, ̫ˡʵŴλگ飬ûмŴ, ϲõ˵, Ĳ
˵, 򿪿, ûв֮, Уд
á
ʵ򿪴λگһ̣˺ȻóһذףɲҺʵȥ
ʵֻŴ򿪴λگ飬ûСķˣ˸
ˣץס
ʵߵ׼ץ˵ʱ洫һɧţûãͼ˽ûһʵȫסˡ
ʵŴͷĽȻŭԽ㾹ұң
ҴûЧ㣬㣿ԽĿⲻмؿʵ֮ǰǷ̫ӵµװв
ʵϱ֪в˲ٳеĳǺ佫ǡЩһͱЩĳ佫ǲɨأְΡ
Խû⣬ĸаѱʵ
ĸװԽԽʵİţԽȴһʱȰԕD
ԕD֪󲢲⣬ͲµʵϱӵЩ顣˵ðѱвд󳼣Ǳ޳ܣʵô֡ͰԽ˳ʵ顣
ֹԽＸһ˶ʵвˣ˵ˡ
ԽŽ˳ʵҰʵס꾩ǣʵ˳
˹˳ʵЩ˱ʵв˳
ͲҰ㸸鹫¡
ѰѴ̫ӵ£̫ӵҴԽؿʵƾҲ̫ӵᲢۣʵձɣһ󣬾ҾԼ̫ܺӵᲢۣǳ롣
ʵڵʲôԽЦ㲻õˣȫסˡ
ʵһţܣڻʳ˾Ҳˣҿסïʵ˲ܱȫ¡
Ϊôױץס𣿡Խʵ̫ˣϷ
ʱïʵ˽
ïʵʵ¶һĨ־ɫ֪ïʵıºֶΣԶïʵǳɵ
㡭ǡ˿̣ʵڷӦ˹ɫŭƭң
ïʵ˵㻹
ǡïʵܲʵתͷ׺ݵصˣˣ㾹ұңһ㡭
ҵļͱȳˡ֮ǰҲڸʵϷʵڼǰȥҲܻʺ󣬰ԭԭظܻʺ˵ˡ
ܻʺʱ꣬ǳԾû뵽˾Ȼʵڹϸ
˶ڱ飬ټʮĴôܱڡ˵ʵ飬ļ˶ʲô³
ԥ˺ܾãŹȥҲܻʺ̹ףϣܼܰȳĸĸˡ
ܻʺôг⣬ȻӦļˡ
ԕDͲܻʺó˼װʵӣΪʵͨ籨ţʵϹ
ʵ̫ˣֻᶯ֡ԕDٸèϷ͸ΪܳɹߣԕDһֱʵʵĴڣ˵һʱը|ʱը|ȽϺãŰôһĻϷ
һĻϷ룬ʵϹ³еĴ󳼵ġܹɨЩ档
һϷȻҪúݣȻôԵʵЩĳﻮ
ʵ˵ʲôǸʵ̫ۣټһֱѪûһ˹ȥѱΡ
ïʵȥԺǴ󳼵ʱǵһĵڵİΣ֪û£Ͱˡѯûҵ̫ӵ£ïʵҵ̫ӵ£̫ӵûг¡
Ǽ̫ӵҲû£һϲֱ˵汣ӡ
ȻĺɹʱųǶںԕDĵĵġ
ʵ淴һ£岩ЩĳǷֻ̫ӵºáȻ̫ӵҪɹ̫ӵ¾ִ治
ʵ췴һװ׵־磬ûĻˣڻЩδΪûݹ񫡣
֮ǰݵĲɣ
ټңݵ̫ˣƭʵצû뵽ڻôƤһ档
ϰյģ޻ݼ졣Ϊ˲ϰվֺ£Ǻܿͽⳡ־硣
ټңݣԺϷˣԣѾΪˡҲΪһϷҶ
ڴްЦҪǸϷҪ˵ޣҲҪˡ˵˹ǴǶ΢ʣϾĶǷʵˡ
Цҿɲǣôô
޿ɲ뱻˵ڱ˵ˣҲ˵ˡ
ټң̫ӵû𣿡ЩԶɹԕD
û£һжƿСڶԶǷǳεġ
ô˵ͷˡ
ټңʵҪô
Ͽ췴Ȼ塣һʴȣλôû壬ʵһıۣҲ˴εɷǰ⿪ʵߣɫŭ̧ص޾֪ʲôö
ʵ޳ܣȻԼ̫ӵ㣬ҲǲҪڳݺ˿ʵһָͷȲԕD
޾ͿʲôöҲҰġٴлվʦҺ˿վʦĻܻʺԕDûԕDôڵĻ̫ӾʵҺ˕DDûЕDDѽɽʵֻ¡
ټң鶼ȥ㲻ǰ顣
˵öԡ
պʵļ˶ѷ
ڱͷǰʵմǻʵۣ˵ԕD֣Ļλ
ϰǲûаĻ棬Ƿˡͷǰ׷׶¿ˮ
ʵûãԶɹԕDˣԲѡ
ʧȥʶǰסһ£ںͲܻʺ֪


147 
ԕDս˵, Ǳ˵ģҼж
˵ĵط฽˶, ʮա
еʱԕD֪ĵڶˡ֮ǰ͸ֺͲ˵, һˣһҪס, Ϊ, һҪ˵Ϣص꾩ǡ
ԕD˺, Ȼǳǣǻסˡһ̫ҽҽ̫ӵ£һ͵ס˾ġˣԕD˵ڼ䣬ӹɹԕDԸġ
ԕD뿪꾩ǰվʦһƿҩƿҩרΪģġԣԕD˺, һţΪƿҩ
ԕDĿڴļȻǳأһʱܺá鷳ǼϵĶɹʵĶ|ҩ̫ҽǶɹĶ|ҩ˽, һʱҲҩ
ʱҵҩ, ԕDǺѱס˵ɱǾ˶ɹĶ|ҩ˽, ҳɹƳҩ
ԕDԲ, ˹
, ֺͲһֱĵ, ǿԼ侲ԕDٲĻס
ڻԹУԕDֿСʱǸϺУָһ˾ţˡ
ԕD˾ʹûΣգӻǷǳжǾһҪָǰĽҪú¡
ԕDǾԣΪĹϵֺͲǲ֮ǰôǡ
ԕDһº󣬲Ұ׵ϲ˵ѪɫҲָĿԡ
һɱǾһ·񣬹ɹüǡ
Զ꾩ǵںͲܻʺǲ֪ԕD˵ϢһֱΪɹܺá
ɹӶݱٹٺ꾩ǵϰǷǳ˺İ
ԕD˵ĵڶµĳϣȻһΣһྫ¿ɰСкСûãյΪһӵĺϢ
ȥɹ֮ǰΪδĶӺŮȡ˲ٵ֡Ӿͽԫi
ܿϧɹڣһʱزȥ
˵ιɹԕDԲ˾޺ĺӡ
޻ڼ䣬ԕD뿪꾩ǣ˵Ƿǳ̵ģϾΪӣڼ䣬ɷȴûߡ
ԕDúܶԲޣ޲ûйԕD෴οԕDչ˺ԼҲúչǵĺӣҪΪǵģĵոɹ
ûۼ֤ӵĳԕD˵ǳźҲû취顣
ӵĳںͲܻʺǳġ
һ˾£ԕDֹˡԕDӲʲô˲õ飬ûҪôš˵ӻСһʹ£ݶ̫أԸճĺӲһǺ¡
дţھ÷ǳеȡ˴¡
ԕDȻû꾩ǣǼĻ˲ٶӡ
ΪӵĳԕD˷ϲ¾ˬԭҪĸµӣ²ˣûκκ֢ǰһ
ӻָԕDͶ뵽սСԵѲк󸣡սǳ˳ɹüǳء
ɹû뵽εľôʵһֱɹʿСεʿôεʿǰһ磬ǵĶ֣ʵǲǴεĶ֣εʿĴֲ
εľһ·ʮǳأȻǳŭһѵɹ͵ĽԸΡ
ϧĽʿʱҲûκλ֮
ԕDǰɹʹôҪԭ򣬾Ϊ˺ݺɹˡ
Ȼɹ˱εŵˡ
ɹͱɸ˳ˡ
ɹԴεҲֻһ³ɢ
֮ǰιĵʱûʹͻȻ˴ûмʮ𺳣ɹŵòᡣ
Ըɹ˲ĴΪǡǿʱǻβˣװһʵģǻһᷴˡߣЩɹɱ˲ٴˣֶʮֲ̡ɹĴǶԴϰպݶ
ٶȾͿ˺ܶࡣûãʹɹϾſڡ
ɹϾ򸮾Ǻı򸮵ĵλ̫ҪˣԕDɹ֮ǰ;һϾ򸮡
򸮵ؽɹҲһ춼ûס
ԕDڹ֮ǰ͸ͶĻᣬɹ˲ԸͶǾֻǿ
򸮵ĳǽǰ綹һ
Ͼ򸮺ԕDǽ㹥
ɹû뵽һᱻι¹˵ܴ裬ϾЩǰһֱϥ
ʧȥϾ򸮣ɹȻǳŭĶȥ򸮣ȥ޻ء
ԕDʾϾ򸮺ٽûֹ
һɹȣԴεϰ˵һǳܵϢ
Щεϰպ޶ɹˡŵ˵˺ɹŲ֮ͬ
ڣǵ̫ӵʾɹĹǾôġͬʱǾǰɲɺ޵ɹ˺Ҳǹ޲ս޲ʤ
ԕDͬ
Ͼ긮϶ҪһϾ긮ɹĺģҪס˵ɹһֱ䣬ȹ긮ʱֻɹ˻÷ǳ׺ݣͬھ뷨
ԫiһʱԕDæŹͬ
ϣԕDվڴǰ̧ͷңҹе
ֺͲ˹ȸԕD˸ԕD硣
£㴩Щˡ
֣ҵӺˡԕDȻô˵ǻԹ硣
£עЩȽϺáתƻʵ£ʲô𣿡
iץץʲôԕDЦСʱץץһһѽ
˵ѹֵ˫ȫ
ץʲô
ֵҲץ飬һֻʡ
ѹСͻ顣ԕDأ
һľ
𿴲ģսϣʮսȫûиǲܼĨڡô˵ɣϡ
ָ̾ѹս
£ҾСһһ˫ȫ
һԕDץץԵĻĶϣܸһ
丸ӣͷİɡ
ԕDӣûץ飬ҲûץֱӰץˡ
ӵץϣ뿴ǲʵ۵ϣ᲻ץûʧֱץҽ֡
ץ˵Ҫʵۣɰڸ˻ˡ
ӵ٣ںΪ̫
ºԕD֪ץˡ
ɹع´ͬԕD͵ǾŹо󶨸
о󶨸Ͼ긮Զ´󶨸ô볹ոɹֻһˡ


148 
µʱ, ԕDڹ´󶨸
ɹ˼󶨸ȥǵĴǳΣظܵ˺¿־塣
Դ, ɹһưӣ´˽ͬϾ򸮣ǶŰ̬, Ϊ˹´󶨸ľô󶨸Ľʿεľ, û뵽󶨸ξӹˡ
о󶨸Ͼ긮Զεľӹ´󶨸, ҲζŴεľǵƤӵ¡
εľܴǵǰ, ɹԶ벻顣ǰ˸˵˻ṥǵĴ󶨸һǸЦû뵽ʵͰǰ
Щ, ɹһֱڴ֮ϡΪֺǣÿʮǮֹ, öɹ, ˾ǵһ, Ϊ壬׸
ʵɹһֱҪ¹Σʮɹ粻겻˳ճɲá, û㹻ݡ
˵, һֱǮ, ǿЩǮչɹú, ¹Σʱһܳ׹´Ρϧû뵽˻ǣǻǴεĶ֡
ɹ÷ִһ˾øδ򵽵ףһ˾Ӧ͡
飬ǲԸ⣬ΪһֱǴͣȥҴ̫ͣˡǣҪǺʹοףǻʤĿԺС
һǾʹεֿסһ󣬲ҹӳϾ긮ٳдȥ󶨸ԕD͡
ЩˣǸԕDˡҲЩˣһֱϴϢԕDǡ
ڼǰԕDһСרɹ⣬Щ˲ǮͺöɹĴǡ
ЩǱۣԸʧȥƱԸ⴫ϢԕDǣҲԸ⳼ǡ
ٴˣҲˣɹļӣһЩӡʵҲߣûߣȴ˲٣òᡣ
ûߵĴҪʹ˴򵽵ףǲǴεĶ֡
ԕDԭΪϾ긮ҪķѲʱ䣬û뵽һ²͹긮
긮ʧǰֻߣȥ
ԕDǹ긮󣬲ûоʹ˴סɵȥ׷ߵɹˣԲܷŹǡ
긮󣬲ζų׹ɹҲջʮݡ
ʯʮϰһֱûջʮݡʷϣֱոʮݣǸʱѾʱİˡ
ջʮݵʵ̫Ҫ֮ǰ˵ʮػԭķߣǵֵ˵İȫߡջʮ֣ϰǾܰĵҲܰĵطչ
׹ɹԕDûмŻ꾩ǣһ
ɹڣȻ࣬ϰûߡȻвٺˡ
ˣԕDȡߡĳôǾͻɴ񡣵ȻΪҪشεĹغǣɷ
ЩЩ˹˰ӣԸԶ߹硢롣ǷǳʶʱͶԸε
ɹĺˣǾ͸˵ˡһֱڼǴˣǱĴˣǷǳˡ
ɹ˵ķϰߺ͹ȫͬЩ˵ȻҪúý̵һ
ԕDд˷Ÿڣ˹̵ЩͶ徭ʹεĹǡ
ڳʱĳһ޳ӻԾڽ̻ɹһ£ĳǷǳԸģǺ޲ȫµ˶ѧʷӼ
ȥɹ徭ҪɹԱȥ
һɣҪɲˡЩ꣬ȱľǹԱȻ֮ǰԕDÿƶ̭ٹԱγĹԱĿǺܶġ
͢Ķǳ죬ûþ˲ٹԱ
ǹԕDûмŻ꾩ǣ̵ܽô
һ·׷ɹҵˣ׷ɱ˲١Щҵɢߣеӵеӵɹţеӵ˺Ͷ˹ڡ
ɹҵ̵ᵽξӵͣԲǰǡʮ߶ʮɹ˾ԲΪС
ԕDʮ߶ʮİҪʱϰİȣŹЩɹˣҲɹ˺ͽпɳ֮
˵ڵɹźͽûдε⣬Ͼǻ漸ʮôʵۺ񡣵ǣΪ˷δסǣԶ¹ε⡣
⼸꣬ԕDǲȥɹţϾЩһֱڹĺɹʿǶˣӦýʿһǣҪ׷ɹҡնݳԕDҪ׳ġ
̫ӵջʮݣɹһ´صΣȻǾٹ졣
ڵ֪ϢȥȣӯظϢ
佫ǵȻǳˣϾҲһֱԸʵ֣ǲ˶ˡǸһȣĺϢ
ĳ֮ǰһֱ̫ӵ¹ɹ̫ӵ´ɹİʮջҲǷǳġ
岩˵̫ӵǶԵģĿǳС̫ӵµʵԺٷ̫ӵ³һ¡
ĳջʮݴʲôҪٷԣ˵һЩɨ˵Ļʷˡ
ջʮݣһҪ壬ǾǴʵ˴һͳ
ںͲܻʺǼԕDٳûһֱдŴ
ιɹԕDҲʱ䣬ҪԤƵʱЩǶںͲܻʺ˵ûмӣԶȻʮ
ԕDҲϻ꾩ǣ긮߻кܶûаźãʱܻȥ
ɹԕD̻꾩ǡص꾩ǣס
ص꾩ǵһ죬ȥ꾩ӭд󳼺ϰǡ
̫ӵһ̣ǺͰǷǳһﺰš̫ӵǧ꣡
꾩ǵϰնӭ̫ӵ»ؼҡˣطϰҲϵ꾩ӭԕD
ԕDƽص꾩Ǻ¡δ£ҪΪջʮڣֵͬ졣
ֺͲûиŻǻûãü긮УǻҪ̽ϢΪԺ󹥴׼
ص꾩ǣԕDڼĶӡ
ӸСʱ򳤵һģһǳƯҷǳϻۡ
ȻСһԳûмԕD޸ԕDĻ񣬲һֱ˵飬һֱ֪һǳĵ
СһԕDʱһҲİҷǳ˵ؽ
ӲʶԼ׽ԕD֪޵ĹͣкǸжͬʱַǳǷ
ԕDúϢһʱ䡣ܻʺæűԕDӣԕDҲϢһʱգúõظžۡ
ȵ꣬ԕDҪæµΪڴǰλ


149 
⼸, ڵԽԽ˵ûʲô󲡣Сȴ٣ԽԽʵҪǰλԕD, Ϊ, ΪԕDٳ̡
Щ, ԕDǴ, ǹɹ, ǰǰꡣġ˵, ˵Ҳ̡, ںͲܻʺһֱĵԕD˳¡
Ȼ⼸꣬ԕDû, Ҳûг£ǲܱ֤һֱ¡֪ԕDպҪɹţĶһȥǼ겻ʱҪĵǡ
ΪԕDʵʵ꾩, Ψһİ취λֻҪ˻ʵ, ͲԴ
ԕDһ֪Ҫλ, ȻԸ⡣˵Ҫ̳дͳ, ھʵۣΪкܶû
ڸԕDˣԽԽ, , ҲԽԽԼġ, ̫ҽȰúþǰλԕD, Ϊܺú
ԕD̫ڵĻȥʹ̫ҽ̫ҽʵԕDڵӵȷ̫ãٲֻͣ»ᡭ
Ȼ̫ҽĻû˵꣬ԕDµ̫ҽδ֮˼
ԕDǰλΪĹϵûλסܳȥ̡ʹ֪ڵĿģԕDҲٲ͹£ȻҪɲТˡ
Ҳ֪ӸմսúúϢʱԕDλԕDּۻۣȵĵԽټ̳дͳ
ԕDûþ͹ˡûи˹꣬ǹһŽꡣ
ԪڣԕDȥˡ
ϴιĻȥ˴¾Ҳ⡣
վʦӻǸǰһӲʣȫûκα仯ɷǳá
ԕDɹڼ䣬һֱΪԕDԕDԴˣǳм
վʦһԕDϸظ˰
ԕDվʦüͷͷһЩʵʦ֣ҵ⣿
˾һûкúӲûгáվʦ΢΢ü˵ûӾͿʼæµٻԪ
ԕD΢΢šüʵӰҵԪ
㻹ᣬǵòվʦ͸ԕDһ񣬡µʱ䣬úúúҩ
һ⻰ԕDͷˡ
Ǿ鷳ʦˡ
Ŀڴպǻļ
ļԕDҡҡͷ˵ʦ֣Ŀڲ۰
ڲۣԺۡվʦָָԕDĿڣˣһ֢ûеġúֻԺãĿھͻᷢۡ
ԕD
ĵúúҸЩĵҩշá
鷳ʦˡԕDΪԼûˣû뵽ʦ֣һ»˵ѾȥˣҲûʲô飬ǲܻʺҪ֪϶۵ġ
վʦͷҲټ˵˵꣬תƻʵô죿
Ҫǰλңǲٳȥһô죬ֻ꾩ǡԕDȥɹŵģںͲܻʺǿ϶ͬ⡣
꾩ǣҲкܶҪվʦȰ˵
ȥ棬Ͳϲ꾩ǡԕDЦһϧҵעҲһֱ뿪꾩ǡ
Ρվʦɫ˵һ㿪ʢɲҾõȡ
ʮʱ䡣ԕD˵ʦ֣ٵʮ꣬ʱһҪ㿴Ƴʢ
ʮ꣬һܻģҵš
ʦ֣мҪ鷳㡣
˵
iѾˣѧϰҵһվʦѧʶǶǼϵġߣ˻ͨ͸ëiѧϰëiһիiΪͽ̵һˣʦɰɡ
վʦʧЦкܶѧ峵Ĵ󳼣㲻ǽ̵㺢ӣȻҪһϺн̵
Щĳ徭ɵˣ¡iպҪ̳ҵ²ܱĳݱ̵ΪʡΪȻҪ徭ΪҪҵ˼Ǿܱ˼ƣΪ˼ġʹͽ
ԼΪǰļ䣬ԸѧϰᱻӰ졣ǣӲǽ̵ǿ϶ǵ˼ǿ̸ӣӱҪĻʵۣɲҪġ
վʦԕDĹ˼ɣͷ˵ãҽ
ʦֽġԕDվǳ֣صվʦ˸񣬡ʦ֣лл㡣
վʦ񣺡ģһ̺
Ԫɡ
ſڵԪ˽¡
ڻع̫йټҺͻʺǰѫi͵ԕDԸٸǣվʦҪիiΪͽʶ֡
£ͰС´𣿡
ţʹԕD˵ÿ£Сֻڹʮ죬ʣµĶʮڴѧϰ
£С»ССÿڴ´ʮ죬ֻ¹ټҺͻʺ᲻ͬ⡣Ԫ˵ÿֻڴѧϰʮ죬Сѧϰʮ죬ʺǿ϶Ӧġ
վʦԵСѧϰ¡
аɣǾԕDתͷԪɣô˵
ǣ¡Ԫ˳ȥ漴ͻعˡ
ȥڣ˵ˡȻ᲻ȥѧϰܱվʦ̵һ¡
ܻʺֻ֪üͷûпڷԣð̫ˣС¸һÿڴѧϰʮ졣
޵Ȼ᲻ö뿪Ӹվʦѧϰһ¡Ҳ֪ԕDôţΪ˶Ӻá
û˵ʲôҲûΪʰֱԪɰѶӴȥ¡
ʲôУȻ϶ûйкáǣȥѧϰģȥܵģ޾ûиʰϸ
ԫiڴ¼ȻǳˡԕDСһǳվʦѧϰ
ԕDʱҪڴ˳ӡ
ڴڻǻ˸ӣ˽Ҵ¡
ЩȥĴӴĲƸǳḻԕD鲻Ҫٸ㺣׷ſóסںʹǶԣϾǮ̫ˡ
˺ȻҲ鷳˵ٱ˵в֮Ҫ˷ˡ
ԕDĺɹ֮ǰ˺չ촬ҵ
Щγ촬ԽԽãҲԽԽȽȻҲѵԽԽá
Щͼı֮˼εĺô׺ڴεĺ
ԕDŴӶϵĄӣһ뷨ԣ뷨ˣһֱûʵ
ҪУĽʿʱˣ԰ˡˣѧӦٽһƹ㡣
ڣβҪĺɹЩǮ츣ϰա
ԕDдһڿУϸ³̣յ󣬾ܺãû˵ؾּ
ĳǵȻԣ佫޳ɡĳǳ佫ǣֻؿų͢У
ԕD뿪ŮУģڻʱ
˵ŮУ⼸ϰŮУԽԽ࣬ԽԽŮѧö顣ǲʶֶҲѧ˶ǿ
ԕD꣬ʽŮУ
ڴ£ԕDŻصصϡ


150 
ǿƾٿԵһꡣ׼ȷ˵, ԡԺ͵Եһ꣬Ͼͯÿ궼
ԕDصú, һ¾æֻԺͽĵԡ
¿ƾٿһʼ, Щ꣬ѧѾϰ¿ƾٿԵѶȡ˵, Դ¿ƾٿԿʼ̭˲ѧ, Ϊٵ˺ܶࡣ
֪Ժ͵Ի̫ӵ֣ѧǷǳ
ԴԕDոĺɹ, ѧǶԕDǳݡ׼ȷ˵ѾԕDżݡ
ֹѧ, ǽʿҲԕDӢ۳ݡ
佫ǳԕD, ϾԕDջʮݡ
ԕDһæֿƾٿ, һߵޡǻ
Щ, һֱء֮ǰں, ǰȥݡһֱڱһֱǰĸײţϼТ·ݾܳТʱͻص꾩ǡ
ǰ꣬ʱ, ḻ۽֪ʶ, ѧ˲ٶɹط϶Բ˴ƫ, Ľ˻ǡĳɾԶ
ԕDص꾩ǺдһŸ, Тص꾩ְԕDһֱ˾²̫ףúõһ˾ࡣ
Щһֱ̫ӵҪȻ岻ݴǻЧ͡
ԕDҲдŸޣȻ꾩ǾһۣȻȥĵط
ǲ꾩ǣȥְȥĺɹĵط
ԕDȥȻᷴԡ˵ǰĺɹĵطҪúùȥҲġ
ڲǣʱص꾩ǣΪҪæΪɹźͽ׼
˵һ飬һֱ׷ɹҵˡǰʱգɹɹҵļλӡ˵Ĺвˡ
ûʣµɹҵһɢɳЩӵĮĵطһʱٻ
ԕDõ಻Ҫ׷ɹҵġлȥͲǻͣȻúõһ¾ӣΪս׼
ýʮôǿ󣬵øϿǣǹԹԳΡɹţǲܵģǳҲǲܣǾɹӦòԸ⳼Ρ
ɹţԕD뵽һܺõļƲߡ˵ʵƲִ߽۵ֶΣǷɹţǻɱú|ľͳһɹв䡣
ʵʱɹв仹ûͳһ֮ĹϵеĺܺãеĺܲáԕDҪľЩԷϲ
֮ǰȥɹŵˣʱó
ȹ½󣬾ȹСɹŲ䡣ڹʱٳûɹŸ֮ĳޡ
ԴԕDصϺȻÿ컹ϳ»ϾͽԕDˡ
Ȼüûлصϣ黹Ƿǳ죬ҪǺƲ˵ġ
ԵѶûѧʧһѡѾϰ¿ƾٿԵѶȣҲ֡
ˣҲ١
ٿԣҲҪ徭ҪȻܿ϶Ҫ
ٵʿǣֱӷֵӪûеˣȥУ
ԕDڼ䣬εĵһУѾˡǰʱ䣬Ѿˣ˱УȻǽʿǵӵܣͨϰա

ݡںͲܻʺ˵
ʵıǼº󣬲ܻʺǳ׽
Ʋʵ췴˵ݽ󣬲ûõ飬Ҳûʧ飬Բܻʺһ򶼾ء
ʵıǼ󣬲ܻʺǺõģȻٷ
ܻʺӣһΪӳԵģһߺ졣
ԫiûеʽɵͣԕDŷھͽ̵ԫi
ԫiʽ֮ǰſվʦѧϰ
݋ݣĵޣٰһͻ磬ǽͻ£ô
ܻʺд⣬ͷ˵ãҺþûмĺӣǡ
ᵽϲ¶Թɫ
Դӳɻ󣬸ԽԽҰȥ档
ɻ뿪˻ʹԹĴ棬Ȼʵʵڹ
һºͺҦȥ棬ֱвŻص꾩ǡ
ȺһСҲ̲סٴܳȥ档ǳȥ棬źӣһˡŸ²ŻǼ˴ߵýֻǻ
⼸꣬ǵĺӴˣǷʹźһȥ档һ˾סڽϡڽһŮ
ǰһ˲Ŵӽϻ
ǻص꾩Ǻ󣬾ͽںͲܻʺǡǣǰʱգӶˡǰղźãһֱûн
ǳȥ治ǻ¡ܻʺǳĽ㿴ЩòǺ֣ܿҸ𣿡
һ˵ϵҸһ۾ܿ
߻ˡŮЩҸҲˣŮÿγȥ棬óʱ䲻ǹ͸һŮȻܼ֮ǰ˵ʮݶһ飬ʮʲôķ羰ʲôʳ˵ǲ̫Ұˡ
DDʮ˻ҪȥܻʺЦ˵ʵҲȥ
ݸ͵ǰ;ʮݶǺõطҲһֱҪȥǸʱûлȥлȥǺ¡
ܻʺЦ˵ȥ
˵㱱ķ羰ǳãˣǱߵܶ࣬˵ܺóԡ
ô˵Цû뵽ҲǸóԵİ
Щ˼ЦСʱͰԡ
DD˵ˣʱͻкܶ͵꾩ǣʱǾܳθڳ⡣ܻʺ˵
Ů˾͸ö⡣
ʱ洫ںԕD
ܻʺæվߵſȥӭݡ
ټҡ
ɡ
ԕDܻʺǣ޵
ڻﱧӣܻʺЦݣͺʵ˵ʲôôˣ
˵⡣ܻʺԵ㱱⡣
˵ʮǱкܶ򣬶ҺܺóԣԾ볢
ǱߵǺܶ࣬ǺܺóԡЦǱߵ򻹺᳤ܻëǵë·
ë·϶ů͡
ԕD£϶ԹǱߵ˰ɣǲ˵óԣ
ţǳóԣ꾩ǵóԶˡ
ԕD򵥵ظܻʺ˵˵ʮݵʳòܻʺ¶
ܻʺ˵һԕDʹ̫Ͷӻضˡ
صԕDȥæŴ턞ӡ
޾ͽ̶Ӷʶ֡
ԫiؼ̳׵̣ǳĿ
һ飬ԫiȥ档
ԕDеĄӣŶȥԺ档жæ档
վһԣ΢ЦؿɷͶèè
ڷǳҸķǳҸ
۰Ĺţг谮ɷ򣬻дɰĶӡ
ŰѶӾɷһƬᡣ
¡
²òɫǳ׿Խˣ»רһ
ܶǰ˵һֻһӣˡ
ǰʱ䣬ټҺͻʺҪɲǱ¾ܾˡ
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