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ԶéٿȻ˵㣬ȥĮչҲǲУ

᣺ԸһĮһҡ
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***
ƶΪĮһжǴսһҲһϽÿһĮ
ԶֽɹΣչƼȴĮһδ
һҰǿʢշʳδ
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ԭĲҲԸ
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ʼΪӣǸ֮ͽЩֶġ
ֱĮһһǿʢЩ˲ʶԶǸ߸ϵĻλûа˼
ΪһȨˣ˵ЩƺܿЦˡ
ΨϵȨмֵ
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ڲԭϵİӥſ£Ǹһ͵ĹӼϡ
Ӵˣעĵ·ٹµ
1v1heǿǿ˫
ע
1.ΪִţûнָȫԼŬ
2.ܿʷֲοʱڣչҲᾡϵʱˮƽСʲôһչǵˬġ
3.Ȩı£ũҵҵչĴӻ⣬ߺҵ߲ء
4.ڸбȽǿ־ͬϵƾеİ顣
ݱǩ ǿǿ ͢ Խʱ 
ؼ֣ǣԶ  ǣöŶ  ȨıսƼչ
һ仰飺Ҫĺ̫ƽ
⣺



1 
£ؽŹ
ʱԶר־ظһᡣ
˽Զ˴Ϣû뵽Ų죬ȥ˾Ϣ
֪ˣ˽ɡԶе̣Ӧ
ڻûԽǰΪоԺµͶˣԶоԺżȻĹ¼һ켼Ʒ顣
ʱԶͶŨȤ²ѯһλĹʦֻûü飬ʹԽ֪硣
ԭѰĶҲͰˣͷͳĸ磬ô㣬ǸλֲԶ
ֻҪԽȫ԰Ȼأһ¹Ŵɢү
ϱԶôܡһ۾жٸ˵ƺоĿҪǣҲûֺеӵܵ
ƫƫһְܵĸ󽫾ȥƽңոʮݺ󲻹죬Ѻܵ׾ʧˣԴΪֱΪ
˲ԵݵһϷ
ԼλǿŲֶλȡģ˾ָ᳹йԵӶĻھУλļ̳ҲҪ֮
ԶִʱͶԸڹ˾ġĻǺͬ
úõ˲ƫȥҰޡ
ԭ˼ӵλսС
лᣬԶ᲻Ϊ˸еĺھΡϾԼСֻΪһ֮׸ϡ
²ǲġ
󣬲ܸ޹Զͽ߱
֪æӲһĿûϢãԴеΣʱİж
Ψһ֮ǣλҵͬͬգòҲм֮ʱܿԼο壬ضһİֺһİ
ֿֱںλĶʧܣΪӱܺŽ
Ȼ˽·棬ܲô
ԶҲòϣڸҵ񼴴̷棬Ǻмˢӵġ
ʼƲǸռʮһСƬطС⼸겻ϵţڵƼռܱһȫʸ϶ܽа塣
ǿ͹ףԼͶӣ˵ӡ
ȻڱܴƵġסܾ÷ģ򲻹ܣֱ˵ɽϡҲûɽԽܽ
ֻڴӵ£ԼСӣǵùԶȥ˼ﵱӡ
ֻҪÿʵظµ۵ݼʾĹ飬ЩֵǮǣܻÿ͡
ҪͲˣܼ̣ܴ򲻹ǡ
ֱһޱɾɵӵ֡
ܵĻʵǸС۵ּӵˡ
ȻԶΪܴȥѾΪΪ֮ǣ˽ҲʱʱҪȥԶ硣ϣҪװһΨһͳʵ۵Ŀݻ
ԾͱϿԶܵӻ̫ѹȻʧȥɣÿµƽ
Ͼɷ涨²óԶڳĥȤ켼ա
ʮָӡҪľͷһģӣģɲ㲼ȵĥƽپ꨽ᡢһϵйգһɡ
ԶԼϡǿģѲЩ̸ֻֽ˵Ѷȡ
֪֮ýӳׯһḻέɡ
ֺ̣֮Ҫ׶⣬̳ͼƣȻᡣ
Զĥ˰죬Ͽֻ̼èԭ;Զڹ˾ʱιļֻè
ܿ죬Զʧȥš
Ҫ̳èëɵЧô
ԶΪԼ˶εڱڿһȦա
ŽûʲôԶýѾòó̳˳òèͼ
ʻֽвٹ֮ͨԶܿļɡ
ϸĲ𽥹ճٵĺ롢۾ë
ĴèԶе۵ߵСȥҸʪĵطɡ
ΪέĴŮ֮ʼš
Ͼǻ˵ӣ⼸ҵ˶½½ص˻ᾩľҲʼ˵
ʲôϢ𣿡Զ̧ͷʡ
ص£Ϣ١̽Զֱ㱨⼸մ̽ϢĮѾ˾ǣûʵۣ˵ǡ·;ңԶҪЪһ¡
ĮưԶӦ
ǡʱĮŶݡݣïǡµҲ֮Сˣؽ²⣬ֹưĻˣĮҪ̶Լ㱨̽˳ԶĻ˵
ȻԶͷ˿ڲ衣
ãλĮʲôҪԱվŵĽһ߰Ѳϣһʡ
Ҳ¡ǺͲ̵йءԶ˼ĮܵľƣڡλλҲǾһѪȷȡĮվҪϢʱڵܽǣҪҪЮܡ
Զӣ˵⼸Į˶ʳͲҶԽԽ󣬵йز̵ԼǼǰһĮǩģĮ㲻϶Ѻá
ĮǳҪЮܣʡ
ԶͷҲ
ãµۻӦ𣿡ʡ
ѡ𣿡ԶЦһܻʵ۲ˬ£Цοֱֶӣѡ¡
ҪҪźĮǱ߽Ӵһ¡һֱһû˵̽̽ſڡ
ʱȱ𡣡Զڰ֣飬ڶĮһ֪ҲûпƺǵĶóȻȥӴǡ
ŵķ򡣡ʶ
ѧˡԶ֪뵽ʲôЦҡͷҲûкܷʣװײ׾ˡ

ǶԻģĮᣬʱ˫ֱۣվĻ£Χ۱˳ܡ
˫ֱǣԼķݹʹԭǴĮ⼸˲١
ǻɣķƹճӵĹб˽ңİĿսݡ
ķȵΪ˽Ӵ뾩ĸʹ͹ģȡķ֮£ķ֮֮⡣˺µرǽ֮ķѾûдǰˡ
ǲŴĺʻҲޡʤǿ󣬷Ҫķݵ˸ȻǹⵡĮ
ķݵĹʹҲܱȻ˿۹ƽû˿۵һһ㶼ЩСʹʹҲ޴ߡ
Į˭
λֶ֮λֽв֮ĵĲ÷رǽģܣǣµ۶Ҫü֡
ĸǣһĮԡܹĮ忪սǾмԴҲʵۿġ
տĮһ˵ճϸ⾡ľ˸֮
Ҳȡ֣ȷʵһȦʹǲרιˣҲóЩûƤë֮ǰĹ
ĮĲΪһ£ԶڶϾ˵ˡ
ʱڿϷ˱ģͰԼһ£ǲںԶˡ
Զ룬˵ҲˮԵʡ
˵ķݵҲƹûʲôáͷش
л˵
ԶջƯġèèƵһص㣬ῼ
Įջ񣺿Уš


2 
ĮһǴĻᾩ𣿡Զ뵽һµĿܡ
ص£ǡ˵̽˵ĮǰһӸƽ˻㡲ҡձͥٴͥǰܣ·̱ӡ
ƽ̽ר͵͵Զǰ˽֪ĮҲ֡
Զͷʾ˵
СĲ²⣬ĮӦֱһˣСɽһܡ˼һ£Сɽһ·;գᾩȴյľ롣·ȻЩѣȴʡʱһ
㡲䡭ԶѸԺлһݵͼ
·֪ĮܸһСɽɽǻ㡲䣬һء
ԶйĮεϢڵĮθӣ㡲ĵνϸߣǴӻֱᾩƥп
Сɽһ·ƫƧ᫣ƽ̣Ȼûлվƫƫһ·Ҳƥĵط
Įһ;ԻƥӦڻ㡲ֱӱõġ
£⡸ǺЩɻʵ
һǿ⣬֮ǰ¾Ϊ͹ȴδš
ԶʶڸԭӦŴʵһֱȱ㹻˽⡣
Ժʼʶ˸ԭӦĴڣԸ߷ԭʼվڡһ˵ԤֶҲʼûʲôûͻơ
ҲܹǣϾйؿĳɷֵоҪȵ18Ͳ˽չ
Զ׼ǣڵĿƼˮƽûֿкСĽ׶Ρ
ԶſڣͼԿһ֪ĽͺΪ
һֱһֿŵСḶ́еĳʡ˳Ϊ
Զ˶٣˽ʱ䡣
ͬĵкҲͬθߵĵĺ͵ͣε͵ĵͶࡣ
ʱԣ͵
һէһͬĵط㼫пˣǡ
Զֻ֪ܷܾԼŬȥ͡
ⲻˣҪԶ֣Сʵˡ
˼һ̽ſڵС֮ǰ̶˵Щԭ˵һαʱĳһرͷΡĸоĪ˵йأ
ԶЦ̫ˣ
ѰǵһԼδŵĶԸԸţҪ˼á
첻ܿԭܾһ뵽ֹ
ǿз졭Զ롣
ҲˣȻ֪ΪԼıķչ򣬡ǵ¿ӦԵİ취
ĮһӦöǿƥ˼նûлɼ֢״ѾȽˡ
ִֶͨѹսơڹŴ˳Ե㿹ˮ⣬ûʲôð취
ιЩƻСԶ̫ȷ˵
ԭ磬ƻҪȵʿйſʼֲڵܣ˴ֲƻ
ԶĬĬ̾𽥽ԼѾԽһȫİʵ
ΨһֵҵǣԼ֪绹Ų֮ȻҪ
ǷҪһķݵˣʵ
ãѰ۵ʱһЩĮ˾С
ԶԼᾩʱĦźµ۵˼ƵƵķûһøС
ķݵļ±˵ɡ
ǵϷ紦ʯʯҲЩáԸ⣬ҲһԡԶ
ȻΪߣʯʯ̼ܲϷգЩá
УСȥšתҪߡ
Զס죬ʵôԵɡ
ϾԶѽƼ˲ŷȻܷŹֳɵĽ̵ᡣ
ȻΪԼֻҪյµķԸ¾С
ȻѾڣǹԹվ˰졸Ϊ̼ƵߵʱԴµġ

£СѾˡ̬ȵǲСԸ˵ⷨӲһáǻǸʮöΪл
ԶԸ£ʱչͰûˡ
Ǵ󷽡ԶóЩ׼Ͻ˰ԼһȱЩǮɣ
׼ڣȴƳڵııѾòˣϽС˻±
䲻ȱʮöңСȴһġ˵߰ѱõˮȡϡ
¿ɻǵýðǴׯӣׯġı۸ߵÿׯȥ궬챸²٣ȻЩҲҪȥǮڵ
ƺĳԶ̽ſڡ
ԭΪļڱ仯ǰͬû뵽Ȼ쳣
ǰ¡̾˿ϱ㵽ˡ˵⼸͸ǣ컹ȵ
ȫֳ˺µ۵Ӣ֮
Ҳ֪ôۡĵطѰôһůĸۡ͸Զ
ȵǰյҲùȥԸӵƹĴЩӣ̶Χô˽ȡǡ
ԶԸ죬˳㿴ͷǼլӸûкʿˮĵطУֵ˾󣬾ˮķΧȡˮðɡ
ӦмطʡСϰȥæӦ¡
ΪӣޡʹðլӣҲҪׯӹһԶݵΣ¸ǲš
ýּΪȫЩ½ԶҲʮַġ
ЩºԶԺѰԼйع˱ķ
ϷһſԶΧũ˺ЩѼ޶޲Ƴɵġ
Ϊ鷳Ҫˮϸϴɾٺ濾ˮ֡
ˣҪ취ë⡣
Ϊ˽ëԶø߻õļ˲پϳ˺ü㲼ϵӵĿڴѼ޺ǷϽܡ
滹ҪһɫĳΪףȻˣҪϴ
⼸ͷͺķµʱ䡣µĵȴǼΪֵõġ
⻬˿ɵĶޣʮʡ
ΨһȱݾһͷҪķʮ߾ɱ̫ߣֻܷڹ壬ܴΧƹ㡣
Ȼ˶һ¶
л˵
Զջпǰ;Ĳһ󣩣Ķ
Įջδķӡ


3 
⣬Զûʲôð취ˡ
ӺʹʲôھСӵѡַ˵Ҳû⣬ȻͲѹˡӳҲϡ
ΨһľǷӵĲ֡
ĿǰҲƷؽϾµ۴͸լԺլء
ڱԶľҡȡ
ӼǡͼعһȡԾɣһ֮ú
ԭһװҶ˩ʱҶͻᱻת硣
ЩǿóִֻҪֱУ򵥿ɿ
ֹȲжʡҪ۲ϵҡʹֻҲʹ̡
ΪǰԱձϿɵϰ壬ʹúʶԶҲͷˡ
ǿˮԶͻȻ뵽
ȻˮðѡͤҲһȻһˮˮֻΪȣе˷ѡ
ԶԶɢıĥ޸ͤĿԡ
Ҫһˮˮ븮ڡ
ˮѻˮ鵽ݶˮ˳ڵˮˮڡ
ܶúֱΰ
ԶԽԽֱӣֱҪֻͼֽˡ
ܿ侲
ˮǼ򵥣ֻڵˮƽһװãûʱǾԲܽõġ
ᾩʱҪ鲻٣˿ǱҪ顣
ڲſǣȵɣҲ쵽ˡ
ԶΪԼ˼ǲ̾˿εؿϣ˶ɸֵᡣ
ļֻܿ־ɢˡ
ֶȵް취Զһּ̬֮֮ȣܿͼÿ飬Χۼļ޸ĸġ
˴λҪƳϯǰܵ񷨹涨ûԼƼʸġ
һֱùĺµȻûзŹѵõĻᡣļǳߴ粻ʣĻ⡣
ֻÿ˼ÿսʾ֭о޸Ĳ
ܿ͵˻˵ӡԶû̫Ȥ
ǼҵһຮѼ죬پмԡȭͷӲĹҲ鲻ԸǩԼȻԻع
ڼҿ·˼
ȻڲμӻˣԶʼձһֲ鲻Ըĵ̬ȡΪƵĴҪڵ档
Ҳ˵ջòͣǷԶ㱨Ϣ
յҪ۳ϯƵɫΪд졢Ƶɫ
ȻɫĵԶͦΣ󡣵ϸ˵ȴǲϹصġ
ԶܵĴӦǰЩûĻӻҪ󼸷֡
𣿡һ߸Զϵϰѹһʵ
ʲôģԶ·ϵһӣ˵
£ԶѾԶƵϵڸͺµ۶¡
ڸ˳۵鷳ϣԶһֱܻ
ڵݣܸ⣬ûаֻ¡
ѡӺӦܵġԶĬ
㱨Ϣû뿪ǴĦԶ˼ڵĮ˻ᾩŲ£Ѿη˺µ۵ӡگ˴Ҳǻگʦ֪Ρ¿εĻ˵ҲȤ
Զ꣬Ȼ˼־񣬲ǸǷģɽۣǰʳǵĽӡ
΢΢ࣺ𽫾µ˼µ׼
λУԶڹſͣȴʱگĴʦ
λŲģɫƷһĹҼŲĻζһ
ۣûɫĳɢڼͷľԯϳԶ˹ǡ
ԶҲͷǴк
³Զһ
ܸоλگ׵ЦЩаˡô̫˰
ԶŤͷɫЩ׵Ľ죬ʵҲλگײ˰ɣ
ͣµĶµ˵Сĵһۿʱ֪ΪξëȻĸо
Զͷû˵Ųյʼ
ڸûʣϸźʵµĵ̺ɽװΡ
޴ʾšҺǮĸ֡
ԶԼλӣ·̾һ
һĻν޴󡣾֪ܵĹⲢӯҲ֪жҪΪ˺»ʵصӰܶ
ô뵹Ҳǳʲôƽȡеͷǰǡ߸ϡܣȻҲ֪뷨ж಻ʵʡ
һţֻΪչʾԼǣ޷ܡ
ԶԼλӺ㿪ʼܡ
˵Į죬ֻȺµ۵һȼگʵĵλµƽȣǴףҪۡ
Ϊܻʵۣµ۵Ӧϣߵλϡ
Զ׼µ۽겢ûǸλϵĵֻԵ˱棬û߽ס
ԶگĴڶ档λĮͬеļλ졣
һµ۱һ˺ƺƵĽˡ
ڿµʱԶԾһ¡ϾǵһμĮҲû뵽˻Ӣ
ĮĹԿԭ˵Ĳͬȴе׺Ұģ䣬üĿͦһĵܡ
ڹǼձƫĮжӦϸԱЩĺµ۳ĵ󸹱㣬İ֡
Ϊխװ͸·ԶԼĮʵļ
־׳ŵԶҪġϧйȻѾھɻҪȳ˸һЩ
ҪĮļ⣬ЩΪߵˡ
Զֻÿű˵ļ񫡣
ĺܺõĮվڵڣɫȻתµһ֮Լλϡ
ϵĺµȾƱܡλԶдܣ
ڵ⻰ֱԶһ㺮˼䡣
˶࣬Զһһģ˭ҲԷ˵ʲô
λ˱ףԸٲʢµ˵꣬ͽƱľһ
æϵľյҲףܷٲʢ
ϵһʱ侹Щׯء
ܸûԷ϶һڳףӡ
ѹ󣬱㿪ʼй˿ʼţӹ˿Ҳ
ԶǰȻżƳɵƷЩȡ
ʳƷڹŴһֱǺ˵ϰߣʱҲˡ
˻ᾩ֮ԶûԵƷ
ιҲմĮĹ⣬⼸ţƳɵСʳ
Զϲεݰ˵˲ȡҲֵ徲ԹԵس֡
ƫƫϾҪû£ѰĲʹ졣
л˵
Զջ񣺶ķߺ޺ͶĮĵĽĮûջΪĸںͷǣ
עֹȵԭԴڻΪڶãҲش˱ע

һͷɫ˵گףǰһƪԤĹŶ-ƪ໥ӰգİȤıȥղһ¡
δѵ
л衡ںʣ
˵ݶĲף
οѧšԼ
İ
#̽ķ˿ͱԼżһô#
#õĻǳʮһѵˮ#
л衱ʾҲ֪
Ϊһۣʹһİ硣
ĴԳͽ
⣿⽨ſҪáοҲʲôףֻǡôԽǰһɫĽɫѡ
žĴ©ˮéݣл衻ҧݡϾô˵֮û
߳ԺӡǰľǼ˴˵лҲɵҭ
벻ͨôųˮֳǼĶƶıأ
㣬зδϺ
ˮ

۷ȥӶͬƶл衳ɵۣΪĽӰˣô·
ϵ˵Ҫй⣡Ǿ˹⡣
Ŵ׵л˵ҪչҪ裡ҪƶǣİվԽԽԣסҲлԽԽΡ
ǣ˭ܸҪô찡
ȥܲǡ

붼ʮԶðˣںЩ
û뵽ĺگ󣬾˵Ϊ
żֺ棬˳·忴һۡ
ǸеðԼˣʱӣ¢ϣϸ۲ŵ磬˿Σս
һհԣ·ƽ̹ݼ̿ɿĳ
ٵĴףɱңֹСҹ䡣
ĴףܸɣձС
ںʣˣҳˡ
Ҫף
ٺ٣òã˾ũˡ
Ķָ
ײΪĻױ
ڴȻĺɱ˶๼
ܵǼٵģǻʵݶˡ
һƪġȨıͬһ۵Ķ¡ڻӰ졣


4 
ƵӵҲˡôŲ꣬ѧһţˡͻȻһ
ҲĻѭԴ˵ˡ
Ǻµ۵ĻӣշԽǴʱ
УһΪΪĵҲġ⻰˼ڷ档
ԶףҲ̧ͷʵмһֱ벻̫ף
Ϊҳӣµ۲ûɱ壬òҳɽѵʲôֵý
Ϊﰵ¼ѵӦ޵ݲŶ
Ȼпܿŭڸʹڵʱ£ǻЩɣ
Ȼϵĺµ¶ݡ
ԶԽ£ƱɫȻؿڵΪϲʳƷŲԸ뿪ơΪߣȻҪԸ׵ϲΪ𡣡
е˼˲᣺
˼ΪΪʽ΢ҲΪܴ佫ҲûУΪ˼̫ϲƷˡ
ԶңȫΪ˱ȽТ˳ϲģİá
⻰˵Ϊ޳ܣҲ˳
Զ˵꣬ϾɫԽң˱ơ
Ҳûϵ˼µ۵棬˵ôһϵ˲͡
ܵĴæ⣬һֱǵЦ
ʼ˼Զⷬ⡣ղŵĻݺݵ˺µ۵ӣҲ֪ǲ˼
һеԶյس˲ˣ˳ĥķݸҵ
˼ҵĴõĻľ塣Ϊڱůϴʹ磬Ҳѹѹģ͸ųƶı
ԭںΪβֽʹֽۺ󣬾һС
ʱֽҲ̫˰ɣ
ֽʲô߳ɱĶֽܵЩҴ¢šǲٿֽۣ̫ԣĶò𣬸ֽͨҲ̫ι̡
Щ壬˿Ǵĥı
Զ⼸һֱĥֽܷƳֽͩ
ΪʲôΪԽر֮һ칤ղӡ
ԶҲǹڼɱ֮͹Ϸˡ
ڵû취ʵֵͳɱʹ˲ҲòݳƷ
ٹ壿
˰ɣЩ˵ѾݳˣûȤȥЩ˵ˮƽ
Ҳ۰󣬵ʱòǮҪѹեգϾȡ
ΪԽŴִˣȻԺǻۡ
κβһʱķ죬Զ޴Ӱ졣֮ǰԶԼϹ㡣
ֽһ£Զ˼úľΪм򻹲̫ȷȻڼƻС
ߵԶ񣬶ĮȴѾá
ĮʱԵʻλƵйӵʲô¡
ֱոһע⵽λˡ
ֱᣬԶԽʱȫûôӣǵǲ˳۶ѡ
û뵽ȺƵԭУˡüëͷԷԶ
ôûꡣԶĵ
Խ󣬾в˰ĿͶֱܿˡ
ֻж˿ãâĸоΪˬ
Զ޿̣¿ӣߵԴݺݵص˻ȥ
ᶢԶµ۾ãǵһӡ
ڿԶ۾һ˲䣬ͱסˡ˵ûܺԵ˫۾
۾ѩɽĵ̶ǳ۵ףὦһâ
ʱһ˫˵ĵۣβţбһ۾޷
Ǵкֳλʧܺ󣬱ܵӣһʿӵܡ롣
ûΪץȣǣͷЦһ¡
ڲҪ棬ĮʤһԶΪؼԷˡ
ĵ뷨϶᲻ǰӵͬһ¡ϾӲż꣬μҴǵ˶ʮꡣ
ⳡϯֱŽɢרŸӴĹЩ壬ȥԷ;
Զѭšȥġԭ򣬱Ⱥķã˸ͤС
ͤλƫƧƽԵЩ
£ոϣĮô񣿡һ߸ݲ裬һ߳Թ
ԶЦ㵱Ϊû
ɻ󣬡ѵ𣿡
Զһڲ裬ǧҪСĮ־ģôǸ֪Ĵˡ
ƶǶصͷ֪Զϲһѹվšһ󣬾ʹеĹȥ˲ԶһС԰ںš
еĹˣԶһվͤڣؿųʱʱֵ㡣
Ļ潭Ѿֲˡ
ڵ߲úͷ֣ƽıһĳ˴ţһһʱ
ūºĲžһҲĳź
ⴧȵµ˼żԼҵϺƴżֹ¼źį

첢ǳ˱ݡ
ʮǰǽҵСүֱ˸淢̰һֵŭնס
ŮȫټˡûΪūŵ˱߾ǽ
ūЩͼһ࣬ɵ۵Ļ˻أֱӵ
־£һ꣬жֻʣһ˻š
̧ľͷʱӳǽˤôͽֻʣһɽ
ϵ·ظУ˸ҽ
ˣȻڵ߲ãȲôСڵźĺ͵¹ϵ׽ȴĵһ
Զӣūŵǣı·
˵ԶмֻнͼС˲뿪˻ᾩ
л˵
Сܱջ񣺼㣬ѵõ˻ᡣ
᣺ĸˣ


5 
ƾĶۣµ۵ǲġԶһվͤȥ
ͤڵλãǻʹߵĵطվͤܽΧľɫ۵ס
һ˽ŲԶüʣһʳȥɾ֣Ŭһ޺Цתˡ
ǽϵҪĮᡣ
Įȥµ£ԶĬĬ롣
ָǵ壬ٰѺµۣúµһ
û뵽˾ȻôףõĻ᲻ϧϹ
Įô
ԶԸ𣬱˿羰Ҫ罻㲻ϺãȻЩ䵭
𣿡ҲԶ룬°ھһԡ
ȻԡԶҲϵĲǷ͸ԹԵصһ
ҶǽģΪִʱɽ¶ڸƣĵԶϲ
ڳԺȷ棬һֱ޵ˡմԽʱûкĲ裬ֻտİˮΪᡣ
˽ڲߵģһСҶֹԼҵΪ̫޶Լ
û뵽˲ֵϲ趼ȲῴԶ¶Ϸʡ
ֻǲˣдĮ
ԶտڲỰСϲĮʵ̲ؿڡ
ǿ붪۸ĳ嶯˱裬ݵֱߡ
ô˵ĮҲǵ˵ĵˣ֮һѡ
ҲԷ䵭̬ȣʵ¿ԸһĮ
ʲôˣԶûάסԼº͵ȻģպȽĲ
òײƽһɻؿĮ
ûǴǵڶμɡ
һӵȥĮ˵ʵԶ̾
ƺ˿Լ˵Ļжྪףһ£˵ķȥġ
ýȥϢʱԶûҪԼݣ֪ҲΪ档
˼·ʶرƫʵǷô
ιƻʯʯİ취ԼҲûʵ±Է£ɵЩЧ
ܹáƥͻָ˾񡣡
ԶͷǾͺá
ЩһƥսϾȹǡ˻ᾩΪ鼱ҪЩúһֱ뵱л㡣УΪպúʣл񶼴ˣû뵽ỷܣЦ¾
ʹ¿λƺǸ֮ܵˡԶĵ
ԾΪκҪȥĮ
е벻ͨ̽ſڣĮҵĮԭĮƺȱ֮ˡ
Ȼǡһ͸Ĳ裬Զʹķȥµƺ¹ϵ̫á
˵ĲǷϻ˭ʹ򲻹ĵйѰ
µ۲͵ԭ򲢲ڴˣǶԷϿͣʹЩֶ鷳оݡ
ѵССĻᾩУһɼӣʵ
ԶԺͲ̸ԼľûȤ
ңҲΪĮְķ֮ˣ˹òþͻԮ֡
ͲĮˡԶ̲ؿڣϻһòԵ΢Ц
̬ȣЦûж⣬Ǽɳˡ
ԶᣬѸٹһĮΪûס˽յһۡ
ΪɳĮҲó
ɫ糣ͷѱһڲȾڵɫˣɫ˥ۡ˵վ߳˸ͤ
ûдԶ²⣬Įĺˮƽû仰˼ľ硣
ĲµõҲȷʵûȫᡣ
Ӳס仰ȥߵ²ŶġȻȺµĺҲǰûõȥ
뿪ͤԶʹŽѰ˸ƫƧĵطٱκҵԼ
ڸͤĮͤӵΧϣ˳Զ뿪ķ򾲾ؿá
ոǾ仰ȷʵһʱ뷨ںԼ⡣

ȥ궬գһԶ֡
ÿĶĮѰӡ궼ڶǰ̵ͨó׵㣬㹻ʳͲڻΪ׼
ȥ죬һսˣλ御
常ز캣һصļ䷢ҡ
ͨƵһ̵սǣʶ·ϡ
ԼûʲôӰ죬ֻǿŽԭȡʳƥİգ¾Ҫˡ
ǰƵļ̶Ӿס߾ݳУֻʳ
ǳò֪ôźʱյӲµİҪһ¡
ǿṩʳͲƥ̶ӣֻҪ˵ȼ۵ʯС
Ǹ˵ǣЩ˲ûгû٣ļ۸Ǻ
̶ӵĹæشӦ˴£ϾĮʯгϲܻӭ
Įвģֻ󲿷ֿɳĶӵȿʯЩߵͥɳĿʯܿؼϣܶۡͨĶӵȿʯ
ĶȻҲзأֻȡԼϵһ˰ȡãûƶɵʵȨ
ȻȨ󡣵Լ˽һЩʳóʽ϶ʯԵȨԶеġ
׵˫߸˵ǩЭ顣
̶ӵ˵ʹŻز䣬˵
ǲһֿʯǾͻʳԶԼڵڶʣĿʯ˹
ڽصҺѯʵĴ֪ġһڻ㱨ʱἰ˴¡
֪µĮնƵӵǸ֮ˡͥҲв˾ǸĴ
ԶΪˣ᲻ۣĿΣȷȷʵʵĮ
ֱԶʱǸ֪ǴƵӵвʵʡ
̫ر𣬺ûκ˺ֵפ㡣ʹؿڣһԼ⡣
ʵʵǣ
ǸԸʳӵȿʯĮ֮£Щô
ƺ̫ܣʶѾõѡ
ǿǰһתֻ˵ǼɳԷһΪı顣
л˵
Զջ񣺼ʶֵĶԡ
Į£ĶĸˣD


6 
һ磬ԶڷŽŵһμǴʱ䡣ֱĹѰҪʼʱžʱѾȥһ硣
ǰ·Ĺ˸ָһЪϢƫԶȥһ¹ڡ
ʱ̫δɽȴѾʮֻ谵Զ⣬ڵĴձ鶼ýС
ԭ򲢲Ʋ⡣ʱûв͸õ˿۰һ߾ҪӣԼͨ˼һĻ
Ҵ̫󣬵˶Ļ䡣
鷿Ҳˡ̫ƫʱҪ͵ƣܿϵ֡
Ϊʲô
ȻѱǼ۸񰺹ֻڼʱҪĳϣŻʹá
ϾƼʹõĶȻĳͰΪҪԭϣ࣬ȡҲö֬ʹãȼն֬ʱζţ˼ǲõġ
Ĺ߻͵Ϊ
͸̫߽Զ¹׵ֱԹ£µδҲ̫Сھ͵ƶûС
οǴֺµˡµỨϣǴ󷽵ĺܡΪųϵĶǼİ
ΪʲôƫȻ͵ƶûУԶͣϯų󣬺µּӣø˳ЦΨһĿԾǣ⴦طƫƧҲݻµ۲ǰ͵͵Ǯںµ۵ӡ
ԶЦһΪūΪ澵ˣ˭ںأ
ȻƲƲ죬̾ôЩӰЩųкáϯϣСĿǿگ׺Į˸ƽƣСҲû϶ܵʹжء
ǰڱ߾ܴˡڵİΪصĸ˰۹ÿ಻ԡĹңʵ۸ٴųкãǱ˵ɷһһ׸š
ϧ㶼飬ܴӻʵ۵ٹ٣һסԶҡҡͷŽ߳ƫ
ϣ˵λȻûʲô仯ԶŵĮᣬȻʱʱͶĿ⻹Ϊˬ
ԶЩŭ˳ĿԴȥ
ѾһŵӰͶڶϣһֻɫʡϸĹԽ֣ԭӲͦĵǴĥԶ¾ƱԷչһЦ
峺ûпһ˿һĶ⡣
Զһ£ԭŭҲĪɢˡ֪ڳʲôʱͻȻɨ˵ڵӰӡ
԰ôû뵽ء
ԶͻȻ˷Ѹոյ޴׵Ժ
ȫӰӲ̫߶ȰԼγȣбȵȷϡ
̫߶Ƚһ۵Ķôȥˡ
ԶһԼĸϣеĵطΪڱΣڲɹⲻ㣻еķΪݶĽǶȲⵥ⣬ʱƬƬڵ¶١
ʱûж̫ĽǶооʱڷܵĽǶҲûȷĹ滮ǹǸԼľ齨죬Щ⡣
Զ޲ھͻȥ̫߶ȡҲֻ롣ڲûʲôáҪȵա
Ϊÿ̫߶ȶ仯
عԱĵطֻպͶʱ̫ղŻﵽһڵֵֵĽҲ̫߶ȽȷܽǶȺ͹ĳȡ
ͻᾩֲԶȷ˵ڻعԱѹȥ̫ԶֻܸݹʽͶ̫߶ȡ
̫߶ȽǼ㷽Ϊ90-γȲγȲطγֱ̫ڵγȵĲࡣ
ڵڣû֪ᾩγȡԶֻõȵĿȷֱ̫γȵӣǾʱ㡣
ʱֱֱ̫̫ڵγΪ0ֻҪʱ̫߶ȣٸݹʽᾩγȡ
ܼ֮ʱ̫߶ȽǣԼݶʱܵĽǶȺͳȡ
Զָͷջʣ죬ȫѶĮԺ
ʹͷĮͿһĻ˴ŭͶڿ˲һ¡ûüʾԷͻȻ뵽ʲôƵĵͷû
Įһ뿪
ǰͻȻͣ£ŤͷǣЩʵܺݿʲô仯
ûûаɡǱͻһͷԣͰ͵ػش
ԭǷϲĮ˵òʡ
ҲûаɡЩɵش⼸ڻᾩľĮָݻԭСϲġ
ΪʲôͻȻע鰡Įʱ̷˶ԸǼ˽»²ǲʲôš
ѵǽǵˣǲ²⣬ϸ˽ܻʹ뿪ʱ֮⣬ʱߣûʲô쳣
ǵȻ֪Ƕ̶̵İʱϾȥ˼Ƶӵ£ɹջһۡ
ΪΣ
˵ʲôʵոڻ﷢£ûע˵ʲô
¡Į֪ͼӣһƺʧһ£̧뿪
δԶҲڽĲ£̱ڴϡ
¿ҪСĽд쿴ɫЩ԰׵ԶЩ˵
鷳ˣϢһͺáԶԼӵΪжĺֻ֢ЩѾʮˡ
ƽʱʱϢһ̫һ춼ڹڣɫЩʲô⣬Ϣһͺá
С¸¡Զ˵֪зִ磬Ͳٶࡣ£Ϩ͵ƺ󣬾ˡ
Զܿͽ磬һֱ˯Ͳ
л˵
ӵԶջ񣺼ƾסķ1
ԵĮ᱾ջܵش۵1


7 
𴲺е㲻ѡֱ£ȵʱѹ
찡յĲʳ嵭ЩûʲôθڡԶڿϣ˵
С֪һСľͷԸĹˡ콫ˮݹȥڵ
̫ˡԶһպҩݣһ߸̾Ҫû㣬治֪һӹʲô
ЦͷˣСе˵ô
ԶҡͷޣǽȷʵЩƽĹ±Ȳ˵ġ
ᾩʱ·;ңԶԸ»һְٻԼָɵļΪʵΪߵСˣ˸档·һ˵ʳӡճöȣǽһڸûгκβ
̵֮ūпһͻ϶ȫ·
ֻϧĲŸɣȴֻССĹ¡
ԶЩĵüû⡣
һκͺµ۴򽻵Ҫȵݽƹʱˡ
òԶһӲģȻ͹ʻ˳˾µ͵㲻ֵǮز
ҪԶֻУ͵µ۵ǰ˳㵱ŭĻ˰ӡ
ǰԶͳȵشڸУϸоֽȡ콫Ժֽͩ
鼮ϸ¼ֽգҪȵκĩ꣬һм˼ĵ˳֣дһġҪ
ʱ᲻һλͬΰũѧңһ¼ũҵľ
ڷ˴鼮Զ˷񶨵Ļش
ûϿԲοԶֻӲͷƤԼĥ
ֽһԶû򵥣ŵĶࡣǰǰϿЩƵõֻεֽֽͨ
οִֽеֽÿһӹ򶼲⿪õеļ
ֵҵǣʹִֽĽĵطҲûеӹԼһЩŴûеĻѧɷ֣µȻֹֽơ
ֻֽ߲ͽͳɱϣ治һʤ˹ֽȻִʱԶҲỨٿһʯŰƤֽˡ
ȷ˻̺ԶͿʼԭϵѡá
ʼļƻУǵԭ顣ΪƤֲάϸֽͣҲӽ׹ͽʵ
ֱֽĲ֮ѡ
úǷֽļƻ
ǿǵֽĹոӡɱ޷ͣȻͲƹ㵽ײС
⣬ֲҲͨµԭϣǱֽ֪жҪꡣ
ҲշֽҪԭ
ƤǱֲḻöԭϡƤֽʹֽĲߣҲܽɱ
бףƤľءȺҲԶߡ
ľغ͹ʹάӲֱƤֽҪԶֽѶȴ
ƤֽҪѽС
ʹľغ͹ֽķˮŽ͡ˮ֣ÿҪʱĳ̶ȣȴҪһһĹĳиĽΪԽߣԶΨһľͶʱ䡣
ϡˮŽƯϴ飬⼸趼ԶģȻû취Զʵֻ཭ÿڳǽׯӺ͸ϡ
Լմ鷿дọֽ̃˼ûпԸĽĵط
ĴֽĹؼ衣򽬵ԭͨͽ򣬶ֲάΡ͡ϸάжϵáһάԺͿԡҲֽſ˺Ӳȡ͸ȵȶҪӰ졣1
ԶҴ⣬˽Ưϴõľ˵УƤӵһ
ھסĵطǺµ۰Ĺƽġ˵ӦǸŮסĵط
ӵϱ˵Ů죬Ѿ߶ûС˳Ｘ͵ֻ֣ʣΪͷЩҲǴǰ뿪ġ
ǡµļԶֻöǰ£޸ļ
ĺ쵱˸á
ƯϴõľϾαװ߲ˣС˵˿õԺѼļףɹҹͣʴ򽬡
һֳֹֽԽ֮ˡ˹ʱֽеάõ̶ȵıڽάĻ򽬣ֹֽԶԶڻֽ
ѡֹΪЩ𣿵Ȼǰ
ҪԶеѡһѡߡϾûߵֽЧʣɲһ㡣
ǱֳϢԶȴһֱԱߡʱ۲ֽĳ̶ȡ
ʱޱȻԼǰ塣ǰʱڹ˾Ӱൽ賿ڶ컹ܾ缯ֳɽʵؿ졣
ڶϣֽɣһҹԶҲʱɨõ᷿һɫغҩ
ھͿԽгֽˡ
ڳֽ˵ֽм벻ͬϿʹƳɵֽòʱԾ߱ĳЩʡֽмʩʹֽžпˮԣɫԸֽŵɫ2
ļ϶ڵԶԻõģ׼ֽʱͻȻӪĽֽдֽʹӡֽʱֽӻʯۺ͸
ʱһȼɽׯĿĿӪĽǡÿϵḺ́ϸ˳һ䡣
ǿֽģ˵ĻӦò⣬Ͼ˾еֽŶɹҵֽ
Զǰʱ򻹲⣬ǸΪʲôҪÿϰࡣȴޱȸлǿʱŮԽ硣
ڵĸһ㺬вʣҪΪֽϣͱ뾭ټӹоԶǹѡ˻ʯۡʯںܾǰͱǷֺˣũݾо͹ڻʯҩļء
ҩ̾򵽻ʯۣǮˣԶ̵ý˲ٻ
ʶһ⣬ȻӻʯۿԸֽŵƽȣȴ֪Ӷٺʡ
л˵
1ֲοˡ򽬡İٶȰٿơ2Դڹγġֽ棩ش˱ע


8 
ʱôûıʼأԶǰĴ׷Ī
ѯֽ̳˽ûϷˣԶֻԭʼİ취һֳֽɼݣֱ벻ͬĻʯۡ
ֽõǰͱõġǳֽļûС
ֽˣȻǹʵֻׯĵũϾڵֽҴΰѿţϽй
ʼҲֽռصԶȻҲҲֽ᳭Ĺ
״Զ顣Զֻüֽ˷ϰ˷Сֽż
õʪֽҳһԶľ̶ڷֽİߡֽ׼ȷصǰһֽλϡ
ǰֽﵹľӵ֭Һľ֭Ա֤һʪֽѹեȥˮһŷֿụճ
ʪֽľ壬ϷԺڵĽ˷ֹȷ彬ֽѹˮÿһ趼ԶļƻڣɵĽС
ĵڶ뿪˻ᾩ˻֪Զֽơֱȥ鷿ƽʱԶдʱ䶼鷿û뵽ȴ˿ա
Ժɨ˸𣬵½նԺ˵ҪסһĻҲȥˡ
˵Ļ
е˶ԼĸԺЩƽﲻȥ棬֪ܲԺȴġ
Ժú˾סҲû˴ԺӲݶ˰׶ߣûסˡôͻȻȥԺأ
Ҳû⼸չֳɻɫ΢΢׺󣬾תȥԺ
մȣû߽Ϳ鷿̷Сſڡ
æ֣ؽŽС
ôһ£ʵ
û꣬һĪ˵Լȥ֪ˡ
һȥͱԺеĳ𾪵ˡ
ԭԺڱʽĹ߶ѵԺл˼ףׯĹһļӣڵµָ£һ̽УѸ𡣻ų֪ڸнʲô
첽ԺΨһֵԶȵ£ʲô
ԶŤͷͿһãȻֱضԺڵļס⻹һϿı飬ЩЦ
ԶЩŪ˼ָָԱʪֽֽô
ֽЩ㱣ʶظ
԰ԶȻĵͷ
ҲǱԶֵȾһ˲侹ȻãֽҲһ಻˼¡
ܳ𣿡Űɵؿڡ
Զֻֽļʱ治㡢ѧѧġ
ţϷЩֽļ壬меֽһӵĶֽ̤벽Ĺء
⼸Ҳû½Ӵйص˻աԶ˵ҪֽҿѾ˹ĽչʵڲƽĶԴ
Ӧܳɰɡ£ԶʵҲұ̫İգڳʪֽӦûǱȽϳɹġ
ǵҪЩʲô𣿡Ӷ˼ֽһܷɹ⣬ԼظĿһɶ
һ¡ԶָԱ߼ѹեˮֺʪֽԸǰһլӽɻ𷿡լӾűϡſУƽﳣоסڸİ˶𷿽ǶҲע⡣ͽЩֽ͹ȥɡ
ʪֽˡ
𷿺ɵٶȺܿ졣գͳȥʪֽͱһһֽţ͵Զ鷿
Ǽ˲ͬĻʯֽ࣬ҪΪȷʯ۵ӱ
Զǣ˲ͬʯ۵ֽƳɵֽȻ
˴Լٷ֮廬ʯ۵ֽֽԱ㹻ճдҪ󡣼10-15ֽ֮Ʒеһ⻬һֲڵйֽ20ϵֽֽԺ񣬵ʤڽʵ
ڸ߱ļԶûгԣ֪Ǿʯ۵ӿڰٷ֮20ҡȻ΢˵㣬ǸӽʵȽʺֽ
ȷ˻ʯ۵ԶԺĽʣ¼ֽӹꡣ
õֽԶ̯ϡʹϸƯϴǷŵĻɫ
Ҳû취£ϾʱûƯ׼ԽֽƯס
Ƴ챦ֵĹֽȫǾϰɹչ⽫ֽƯ׵ġҲ
ԶûôʱֽףֻֽܽŷƵʵ
Ҳ㹻˾ˣֽͻʱһ·϶ƮƮȻ״ֱ̬ԶһŲȵʵĸо
һäĿԶĽ죬ڼֽʱ¶˾ȵɫû뵽ֽȻǵˣ˵غá
ԶҲû˵𾪣Ϊһֱ˼βֽܾס
Ư׼϶ǿ϶ǵġ
ʱȣ
ԲֻŶʱ롣
Զ跹˼һϵֽʱ˼·ֽıʯҡȰɫĿĩٽĥҲС
ʯʯ޽еΧǽʱʣ˲٣ԶýȡһЩĥɷۣСֽϡ
ĥĹҲңƳɵֽͿʼĥ
쿴ǿ鱻ĥֽ۵ֱ
ȷʵãСʱĴĥֽŷƵ⣬ֲΪʯӣֽԺȱݣֽҲӹ⻬ʵī
ȷ˴˷к󣬽ʹˣյʱ佫ʣֽҲĥƽ
Ȼõͨʯͷ
գеֽɴĥã͵Զǰ
л˵
ֽչ롭


9 
ֽ࣬һΪǶֽ֣ĹвģҲȷܷɹټϻᾩ۾ڶôĵزٰ¡
ֻ֮һԭϵϡ
ׯϻʣԭϣϾԶԶһӦ豸ᵽԺֻΪоֽĽֽȷֽ̺ͽѾÿռĵũͻׯӣ
ֽ󣬾ʵ͸ĴֻʣˢͩһһԶڼǽũׯһ£Ըαɴگ̷ڶһ棬ˢͩͺ
ׯλ£һǮԭׯģѾ͡Զ£Ǹϡ
ݵݻԶߣڻᾩð˲ٲҵһλ˼Ĺǵһ˻ᾩۣ̤ʵܸɣԶָȥׯϸһӦ
ӵĶпǸ֡
нŻʹʹԹǵסıǻҹ塢߹һ฻˼ҵ⡣һ£౱òҲǺܺãָ󷽵Ŀˣ
⼸¿һӣڶľ¥ԱߣǴûʲôֽͩ
Ƕ˵ֽƳɵģǺͶдֻõֽһǶд֣ҼǮƽֽϣ
вٺʲôȥȻֽͩǼκһֽһģ£͸⡣
ֽͩʱǶûʶ඼ĴǣΧ۵˾Ӷ࣬޼
Χ۵İպܿͿӸϵĹ£һȥ˵á
ֽͩܿ챻װ˸еĸϡ
֪µϸһĥɸ̾⻹ã
ͩ͸ⲻ˵ˮҲݲáֽҲΪʵֻҪǴ磬Ҳᱻãٺòˡ
ʵֱ˵ֽͩܿĴЩݣЩƽҪգò˿ĵط
ͨԸ⹺ĲࡣϾֽͩ˵ˣά±ѣǮ
ƹ˵ǰЩڶгµĮˣ˺üȥ
ܴ£Ҳ֪˻ȥԶЩɻ
£ϵĴѾȫԸĻֽͩˡ
ԶŵϵĴӰ֮ʣſڴ˽ĽŲеѼˡ
˸ϲ˵ֽ֮ͩ󣬼ﶼõġ
Զ͸ڵĹߣһʱҲΪп
˻ᾩܴ֮죬һһжòСѾĴ㣺ķĻᾩУֻһһյʱ䡣
ȻҰοԼԵҲûʲôãܻǻЩʡ
ʼֽһºԶҲûʲôϣڴԽЩѾѧ᲻κ鱧ڴ
ֽǰʱмȻֽ࣬Ҳȶ
ԶţⲻһˣֽĲֹһô
ڽΪ֮档
˵ǰ˵ĲˮߣЩпСĸڵôʱ䣬ǵһμЦ
𣿡ԶЩʶԼ˵
ҲػֻأԸ²衣
ȵֽ󣬾͸˼ÿֽͩȥһӣȥֽͨɡԶͻȻڡ
Ӹ˼һ¼ֽͩһմԼٷ֮廬ʯ۵ļֽͬʱĥֽĹ򡣳ƷȻԱҲƽ㹻ճдҪ
Ƕأʵ
ֽͩɰɡԶ¼һ³ɱ󣬷Ը
£ǷЩףվԱߣЩɵ˵
ƽｭٶľ߷ԶЩȡһϵˡ෴ǰڹ˾ʱרŽһй˾Աĳ
ΪΣԶºͣʾ˵
ֽͩĶѾǺܵˣΪϲûֶҲûϵ˵档дֽͬǮϲֽ֪Ҫ˶١ֽļЩҴУóȻۼ۸۵ֽǻüԼ뷨
л˵
ӵԶջһСֽͩĽˡ
ԵĮչˡ


10 
Զ̾˿õķʵеֽ٣ֽ۸߰ΪżƿڼһСԼһҵ¢ϣ׬ȡŷ档Щȴֻάֻơ
ߣˡֽۣ߰ҲûиЩ
Ȼ֪ķգֽͬ۶ļߣҾƶĶֽȨҲʼձ¢ڹײ㡣
ʱ䣬ͷţÿë׶ѪͰĶԶѧʱ򿴡ʱۡ仰ӡ̵ġ
̳˼ţظ֤˾£ûһֲ֮ơ
ǰЭڣҲԸΪܱΪԼˡ
ԶҲ֪˵ЩһΪáôãһζԼ̬رԼĹ۵㡣
ʱýЩ̫˳ˡ
ᾩʱΪӦ򲡵ˣҩʵ̫ѺȣԶˣӲϳҩҲһֻ۱һֻۣԡҩҩ
һῼǡԸ˽⣬һҪģԶֻš
Ǿ˼õֽţȥмȫ֮˵
ǣСȥԸ¡⻰æ߸˵Ӧ¡
ӣƿš
ôͻȻˣԶЩ⡣
û˵࿪ӣ¶
̬ЩǼҴҸϹӣ彣ᵽһࡣ
£ƴϢ˵⽫λӵ¡첽߽Щ˵
ϢʵԶЩüġ
Ҳûʲô£ֵ׳꣬ôͻȻϢ
ʿšϢ̻һС̫࣬ʱʹڰýȥ衣ôµμΪ»ھеš
¶ǰ˾Ųʮˡ
ԼǾң᲻׾ӶһͳߵҪԡʹʱڲλȻѾ˼ˡ
Ҳ˲ùأЩĿڣҪ㰡Ǵ¼̳λƶ֮ԴµԸ񣬿϶
֪ˡԶ̾˿˽ੲݡ
ֻ밲ӣչһ¿ѧôССҪ󶼲
ԶԴԽǰͲݵĹϵҲ֪ԭʲô캦£粻Ͳϰݡ
Զ׼ǣλǶȻûԶùӳԵġ
һʱҲûʲôԲߣֻЩſϣԼǰ;
ӻҪŹģΪϢһģ͹ǵƽ
ԶѰ˸һӦ鶼ݽ˺µۡҲ֪дʲôµۿڵ÷·ܵī
ҲûһõĺµۣԹԵظ뿪ˡ
ʱһȺվڹſڡԶ߽һȻĮᡣֻƥͷſͣšߣ̫ˢˢعһƬΪ׵һվԱߣʲô
ôˣԶ·Щʡ
ԱߵĹԱˣ˸ԶͷӦ
ԱߵĹԱûпڣԶˣҲ͵һ飬ҪѺҮɺٵݽǹʵۡʲôԺػ˵ٲزֵܵţôܣҲһܷҮ٣
ԹԵؽţȫԱվŵĹԱıԽԽӲ
ԶˡձһٵĺµۣǡһĮŭ޴йôΪ˼ҡ
ҪԶ˶٣Ұæ𣿡
Ҳᵹùǡʱ򣬴˺µ۵ùͷҲһΣѵ÷˷ģĮԮ֡
Ү𣿡Щʡ
̫ᣬ֮ǰĮ˽ҮԶЩػش
л˵
ԶƽƽСŰˡ
᣺ţҺϲ
Ǹһ졭


11 
ᱻ̬ȸסˡһ²˵ǵΪԼ԰æģ
ʲôʱݽʵۣԶûĻɣʵ
߰ɣȵʽʱ򡣡ỹûüעԶûлӦʣʶʹ˻
Զһճ̣˵⣬ûʲôҪģӦûǳóѧһºҮ
ˣԶ˵ͷֶ˵ң͵㸮ϡ
ԭ˹й飬ꪶصúܣǳ⣬ɻ˷㡣üһ㿴ֲ´˼ѵ̫ţҮҲûԭá
Զе㲻ͷس˳ޡ
죬Զ˼̧̧֣ߵ˸ϽװԼĽнԶСˡ
ǡԶ뷭ӣԥصתͷ
Զܿʧ⡣
صϺԶһͷ鷿
ոڹſڣ˵Ļ޵ķʸȥ궬պЩĮ˴򽻵ĵʱԶû¾ͻᵽסĿջ̸
ЩΪԶʳĮȼü֮ԵʣǸм
ԶЩ£ǾԶĮĹ£Լʱϴڸؼķ顣Щ˳Ĵ̾˶Щʶ
ϢȱʱЩóէԶջķᡣʱ˸˽⣬м΢֪ƲٶЩõϢУȴδĳһ췢Ӿ޴á
Դѧϰ츳Զ̸ĹУѧǵԡ£úҮЩĮ˽н
һԽʶԵֻһĲࡣ
ǰԶںһЩʱܶೣפ˶ܽһĺȴһƪ򵥵¡
οﻹǺͿ뿪״̬
ճõǿͷֻЩд֣õĲǺϤЩ٥ԡ
ʫˡƪ빵ķϻ͹ά֮ǣ˿һ۶ۡ
ȻԶӦ´£ǶԼʮİա
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ЩĮҲʵڡڶ꿪ʱʮ౾
Įг鶼˹Ҳǰ󣬴Ǹ䡢䡢֡μǡʲôУ޵-ɫ
Щ鱻Զʱʱɴµؿ˼
ȻҪĻǼ
⼸飬Զǣǰ˾СʱЩŰ޾İС˵
ƾĶۣҮΪһƴֻ֣Ҫ˻Ϲɺ󣬲ѧԶҲ˴󲿷ֵĺҮ֡
ֻҪ΢˽һĮ˵;Բ⡣
ܿͷ֣գǼҵҲôĳˣմ鷿˼δ鼮ճеޡ
ԴΪȵĽŸƵƵʱһۣЩʵⲻ֮ǰЩĮ̸𣿵ôͻȻЩˣ
Զû̧ͷָָϴŵĽС
̽澹һдƤֽϵš
ŻȻǰʱһֱæֽһ£ûڵߡ
ջϵ˽ԶҪĮһ¡û⣬Ÿô׵ҥԴ
û뵽⾹Ȼ
챻Լҵµġ׳١úŻعеİ͵ʵǣаհ鷭𣿡
Զ̧ͷ˳ֵ˵͵Ƶλã죬ͿԷˡʱǵð͵Įϡ
˿ڼ֮ѧһһѵһ
ЩŵŵӦ͵ԶȻüۡʵôͻȻҪĮˣ
Ҳһɻ¡ǰŵ²μᣬŵΪϲλĮš
뵽ǰؽ»㱨ϢΪѵΪ˴ҪĮã
ԶЩ˦˦ҡҡͷû°ˡ⼸췭鼮ʱ䱣һƣЩʹ
ԽԶ˽⣬֪¶û˵ʵ
Ѱյ£лһЩ壬һ㶼Ըġ
Ȼ²Ը˵Ȼȥʡ
ͷߵԶ˳Ų⡣
磬õĹͱ컳һĪĽŸ͵Įĸۡ
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ֱԶڼλǰǲžϱǣôһΪ¡
ԶĮĹ飬ԹλǲϹصġΪĮһͲ̫ôǷҲ̫ƽϣֻһֻ۱һֻۣάϵĺг
ݣΪԼҲѧò̫õԵʣҲ̫еС
λ֪ôڡ
ãһλһַǰڵ˾Ƿ̫׵
㵹˵˵ʲô֮ϣбһۣ̲ʡ
Щ㣬ǿĿİػشǶͨԭ֣ƵǵĹ϶ֽţǺã
˵λ죬֮ǰصߵĽҺϾһֱ̫˳ۡ±һۣȻЩ㷲
ͨ˵ͦί
㵹ͦԼԼ⾫ͨаϵվһ
ռλʱЩ϶ûٸ°ӡȺ˵̬Ȼ㲻жá
ɨһĄ̇µˣҪЩЦˣʵλ˵˵ʲôҪڹ϶ֽţ
ҲŶ˶
ǰЩӵҲڳһӶ㲻»ʵܻʵ۵ӣҲ϶û˼鷳
˼ƺûҪµۿӺǡ
һ¾Į°أȺһ䡣
ĿģһӾ²ۣһȥ˲鲻Ըر졣
ǵǱɵ𣿡
ǵ΢ҫȺڵһ㲻ʣû˦˦䣬ת뿪
ǿ¼㷲ٺٵ֡
Ⱥ϶ߵ˰ɣǿ飬ǿ߻ۣ񣬲ָֻŵġһ֡˽Ҷѡ˼ҡҡͷҲ˳ȥڹʱ׷ᡣ
л˵
Į᣺Ÿҷ飡
һ룺

ڿˣָ


12 
ϣ֮»᲻üλĻЩǵʵ
ֻҪԸԹƾĿܣܻ᲻ġЩνؿڡ
Į֮ͥĶԽˣǶѹ磬ѹ硣ҲÿһĮʱٵľ棬ֻø䳹׳
֮ʼΪȨִ£ĮֹսںСҲΪһ㣬෽ŻԼá
ҲѡԸվߡĮδ鱦ˡţ
Į뾭һ׶ΣҪôͳһҪôֹĶзֱ»صǧҸݵʱ

ٹһձ֣׼ԶȲذ̿͡ʺ̫߶ȽǵĹ߰˻Ժ
죬ڵϵԶͷҲû̧ŽŲ֪ǽˡ
ҴææܹĽ컷ܣЩ̫ȷָ˸򣬡ӦǱ߰ɡ
ˡԶ̾˿Ѹ˨һʯͷ˿ŸƽеĴ
û⣬ֱˡӣŻ˹ߺ
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Զ̿ʹ̶βˣ˵ðˣɡ֣ʾԱվŵ˹æ
Ӱŵλϣ˿οԼҲǲܽܡϾǵ»ûѪҲһ˲
ķӦ˴æƼԲ滭ԲԶȰοȴʦ͵ǿ˵ģȥȴʦͺãġ
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ߵеڵλÿȷһֱߡֱָķ
ԶԼҪɿƼ˲ŵļƻͺվ콲һ·ֱ淽ԭŤͷȴǿһˡ
ǲķȥˡԶʧ̾˿ûðڼ۹һֱ̿ʣԸţȵ͵Ӱٴ䵽ԲʱñʽӰ
һвµæӦϲ̵Զ
ڶʱչԶʹŽ쵽˻յӰСѾãָҲѾá˸ηԱߣؿαϣ͵Ӱָĺغϡ
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ԶͷһθееҲЩʲôɡ
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ԶɫƽѣƺͷһԵŰݷá
ȷʵҪ¡վ˵°ϵ壬Ӹµ̬ȴûһ˿棬ȥɽǸ;
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óԭȾСԶס죬Ըȥ
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13 
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14 
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15 
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˵ʵڵģ֮ĲôǰѧУʱҲκ͹ΡרҵһԶÿζҪˮõϸ񡹡
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16 
ԶڶŪֻͷԵСʨʱᾩڣҲЩϢ˹
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游ͳһĮÿһĮ뾭һλ˼죬ȻϳͥʵԶŪ
Զ˼
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һȻĮΪ׵ġаµԼ˳Ĳ䡣
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ЩԶʲôϵأ᲻Ҫһ֮ıľɣ
ԡԶ̽ſڡ
ҪһˡһȫµѹоеĲ䣬ŵľ档
ԶȻ̫⡣
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ҪĮʧˡ²ĲŸʤ˼޵񡣡
Ȼ֪˲֪ĵط˶£ԼῴģҲŵ
ԶԸʣԵĮľƣȷʵı䡣ֻ˵Įһδ漰ġȫİĵطóȻ̤룬δ̫³ç
µݣĮǵõȥϣ¿濼һ±㵽Ϊֹԡ
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˵͸뿪
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Ҳɵһ£ЩŵʣĮڲƭ£
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л˵
١Ϊ˳ߣӦң˽ͣȥ԰ġ괫
ڡһˣסطǽڣ֮顣ʵǡ㡹˼Ǻﲻ̫һ¡


17 
µ۵ձͨŻؾ
񲿵ĹԱǰü˽ֵɨɾ·Ҳˮֹȹҳ˻ϵ۾ֱűⵣĻҲߡжڳڣȴŻʵ۵̾
פĵطԶһСס֣һҡ֣ӱǹڵˣ߰ʱﶼսҵУһ˻ᾩ
ֱȱ磬ص˶Ϊû·˳ǣ֣һ·ֻ˯ڽĵʱһܽ˵
˵ǣڻᾩյĴ٣֯ǿѻĵء
㹻ݺ󣬾ֵܽԼС
֣ʮʱͼ޸ͬһɡɸɻ䣬֣ҲǸڿˣ˼ɣÿձѰЩ֯ӪЩá
Щ䲻ʵ˼ңҲбͷ
ֻ첻Ըĳһǿ׳ɣǵһ纮御֣Ӻ׵ĺӣ¶ĸļ
֣ӿһձһӣϹ۾
֪֣һѵҲƵЩʳ˳Ȱ֣Ӹļޡ
ÿÿ֣ӽǳĬڶȥѰӪûûҹط׬ȡӵĿͷӵ
˼ˣҲȰʲôʵĻƣȽ
֣ڼ᣿ͬԺԼɩӿ첽߽Ժӣ֣ӷš
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˼˵µɮʩʩءոϽӹȥԼɩüϲɫһҪЩȥǾûأ
֣⻰ҲǻϲˣԼɩӵл
ԼɩӸ֪治֪顣
⼸ӪѰҲˡ쵽Щʳǽ˼еȼü֮
ԼɩӰڰ֣лңҲʵס
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֣ԼɩӺЩϲӵԴպȥ£иɮʩ
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ڶһ磬֣Ӿʹӵ˴¡
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Сɳ̧ͷǰһЩ׵ľ£ϻм鲹ȻأȴɸɾģøС
Ϊ׵ɳָϽǰһ˫ֺʮлӺ⣬ʦֵܼ˻æù
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ˣֻһݴɮ¶Ц⣬˵ʩûҪӰæĵطһȴҪӵģ֪ӿɷԸ⣿Ӿ͸ɮһͬס
֣⻰СɳûгǰɮӦڵĹ¡
¶ԥʶ̧٣ֻһѸ飬ǲ棬мɻ䡣
ӷ𡣡Ϻ⻰ҡҡͷԻƽȡֺһ˵
֣ĴǣóȻǰ̫ðգʵΪ̣ԼܲӶ
ڣ֣ҧҧӦӱɳִ¡
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ȷʦ֣ӵΪ𾪶ɵذθߡ
˵µȷʦĸɮû뵽ǰƶϺоȻᾩȴʦ
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⻰СɳЦ˵ɲҪЩɣѧúãԼֽȥ
⡭֣ԭأû뵽µֽȻǱͷ
ǴҶѧֽķµֽ׬ˣ
ֲǽֽӴ˳ȥǾ첻ֽˣСɳּ¶죬˵˶ֽ֮òֽ𣿡
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֣ӵһԵȴʦ¶΢ЦصͷӦŲ¡
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Ҳ֡ǽչСʨӵճӣճԶÿ˯ǼˣҪߺڡ
ԶεЦЦȡǸѾ˹ķ衣
Ҫҵľ𣿡
ձ㵽ϺˡͷҪСİй
Զ룬ԸǱ߰ɡ
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Ӧ£Ծ±𹤾䣬ľͷ͵ľƣвһʹ
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ԶеźĺõСʨָкܲĶƤⲽ˻
˻ľվԺ߽Ͻ
Զ˰֣ʾݸһͼֽº͵ܿ
ľӹͼֽԶץؿãͣľЩɵ
ͼΪ棬С˴δľ˶٣Щɵ˵ʮּࡣС˺ˣҪģһ״ľգ
ԶЩصͷ
ҪģǺèͥһèץ壡
⼸ͷ֣СʨѾʦͨѧĥצһ漼ܡԳʱãôɹڡ
ڣЩҾߡûצ
Ϊ˴£ûĿڣӡ
ԶţСƻèץȻʲٷҲסôƻ
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ľԣͷ˼һ£Եǿԣֻľϵ⻡ЩҪЩ򡣡
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ĥСߣǺľõĶ԰ʡҲЧʡ
л˵
֪ܸܲͬԶķա
߿һԼõĴ̾ϢˣǸϲ߶һ㻹ҵ߶һ㣿


18 
ԶӸóһľԸù̶ľ׮ϡ
Ҳ֪èץʨûҲֻɻҽˡ
Сʨٳһ㣬ܰڻ԰ˡ
ԶҰοţ߷ĵؽľԼת鷿
鷿һ԰۶ڼɽ͵ЩС˳İԡ
ԶĹֻҪ̫֣ӽ񣬴һֻ۱һֻۣûҪѵǡϾԱϰ岻Ǻϰ塣
ˣԶֻʲô֪ƵĴһ˹ȥ
ȴû뵽ۿоȻԼ֡
ռɽ̸ǾԼô
ԶЩʧЦͣסŲôԼġ
ֻһѹǿɲ֪ᾩǶǵĮϵһϣ
˵ָɹ̷İ
ļٵģɱ˵һЩš
٣⹷ӣ⻹м٣ǰЩӻϳԣ˵ĮǵܣһǺüʱ˵İ˻ɣɵ˵
ˣ͵㣬Сˡһƫ˳ֹ
˵ǲǺܻܿˣʼɰʵ
ҲɣҪǸλĮˣЩ˻ָôءһ̾һ
ҵôȥƢֺã֪̽ӣҲӲЩˣǮҲߡЩ޷޵˵
ҲǣƣһЩ˵Ļ·
˵̾һ˽ǳĬ
ԶһСƹ˼ɽûȥ׷⼸˵ĹǵĻȻ˵㣬ҲǿѨ硣
⼸ȷʵߵýЩȻݷãԼҲûⲻǣ
Զ鷿ѽ˹
˵˵ɣʲôҺĮĴˡԶӣͦ󣬶֪ˣţ
СĲҰͷګګ𽫾СĲҪߵ£µΪ˷ġ
ôӦҡҷһµɷԶ벹Ҳǡսϼҡ
ܳʲôԭԼ͵͵ϢǴɡԶԸطǣһҪ֪»زٷǡ
С֪ˣл´ᴦŵŵصͷ
ˣ˵˵ʲôϢɡԶڰ֣¾ҹȥˡ
ص¡ԥؿڵ˴Įߵ׽˵ҪĮ̲ˡ
޻̸֮Զ˵
ҪƺĮ־̲ܣ÷ɽԽᾩӣ
ҥҲýɡ
ʲôԶƲƲ죬ʱЩ䴫ʧȥ¡
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ʲôԶΪ̫Ծƽ˼֡
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СҲ֪ף֪ôͻȻʹϢؽҲȥˡŵ˵Զһûιȥˡ
ĮˮеĻҪ
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ǾֻʣĮˣ쾪̾
ԶͷЩֻؿڣĮǸλӣҲûеôȰ
ͷǵ£СȥؽϢˡ
ˡٷҲ١иҪµ졣Զĺõջ
£Щɻʵ
ڸĮһ˵ܽظĮԶԸ죬ʱ˳ܽظϰк¥õǸš
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ϲܽظһСѼĲˣƹ̸䡣û뵽ƹҲǸˬˣ˵ͽѼڸΪرԶҲ̸ƹ񼸸ںܻӭĲʽ
ôһȥԶƹ񵹳˹ϵѡ
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ڣƺòˡ
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л˵
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˵һ£Ӳȷʵǻ˻ġ
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


19 
ܽظõķٺһż䡣ƿܿĺ
ʱǷκĺüڡ
ƮɢĹ𻨰꣬΢紵ЮˮĻմ˵½ϡƻ;һ⡣
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ûüڣԶתƮƮؿһۣһЦı飬΢΢׵Įˡ
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Զ룬ŲտʼҪ̽˵ϸ
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⻰˵Լû˵Զʵ׼
ϾԼҲܸտʼһ԰ȫǣ
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Ṵ˹ЦĮеҾơ˼̳²
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ᣬԶϽͷлС˸Լһ
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л˵
֪е̡һ-ңôôգ


20 
ѯʣԶûмŻش𡣶Ǵڳһ˼ģ
ûа취𣿲ǡ
෴ܴݻһҵİ취ʵ̫ˡ
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νˣտ࣬գࡣǰ仰˼ڲе׹
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룬ĸܾܾһһͿɽ˵İ취أ
ԶǼְ½ȥ
ڶ꣬ֹ幺³˿Ҳ˽ʳ³һ³˵˿֯ƷȥʳԼҵĸֱķˣʳȱ˶һһǿڹԪˣǩ˳ԼԼ⻹ͨ߼ʳ׬
ΪΣԶ̧ͷᣬϸ۲ı顣ȴֻһ˼ģһϲɫ
ȻΪû⵽óսľ裿ԶЩɻ
ѯʱῪڵλȷʵλѵõıʿ
ԶƲƲ졣˼ҹôһţƵľѧҡμң࣬뻸Ϊٸоֻһıʿ
˵˼ãƺ²ͬ
ԶЩؿһֻۣü۴Цһĺõģ
ЩУĮܲһ㣿
ĮĹֲʲô²ؼ߸߹·ˣڳ⸱ģΪİ㰡
ԶЩۣԭ˼׵ԺͷֻǾ³޹ˡ
仰һ䣬ΣܿԶǰա
ԶԾ˻ʱˣҲô˶û˵ڡ
˵õȷһѵõơῪڵ
ڶԸϣῼǡǣ˶٣ԶǱĳ񣬱Ըô˼ʹѡ
ԶЩס˼ؿᡣ
ԹάԼͳʱ伫ġ
ֻҪԼǿУ޹صĲ°Լθأ
û˻ںϵ
ܱ˳һ䡸Ѿѵõˡ
Զ̾һΪӦǰ㣬ڿɾһΰҵ۲Ŵԡۻ֮ˣû뵽Լˡ
֪ΪΣһ졣
ԶԼһƣֻһְ취ֻðܿ࣬ǾҪıˡ
ˬʣЦ֮࣬꣬γȲǼı
緢֮䶼һľš
ԶӰ죬ҲɵЦŵ˵ͷյȻţҲԸΪ˾Լһౡ֮
ҡͷǶԼţǶԵµš
ԶüʵһֱΪʲôĪضԼо޴Ρ
ΪıƣΪԼԴﴢŵЩǧֻǻ۽ᾧ
֮ԵԴԺδܲǿİɣ
֮ǰ˻죬ʳڡڼȻѾ˳ĺǾһԼõɻ
ԼʳڣΪ˳һ̽鵽ʲôȴû뵽ԷһԼΪĴ𰸡
ڵʱ˵µλص¡̫ˣѸ죬ǳеĹ򡣵ܵõո߳Ľʿ׷棬ҲǷͬѰ֮ˡ
ԶĬȻȴѾݺݼһʡ
ԼǱΧбһȫ
佫ɰ֮¡ǼԼȴԹȤ
ΪӣԼ͵͵ȥˡ
״ЦҲ֮пġʱֵƻ裬ֵشƫƧؽ˲˼
νǲٷһⲻˡԶа롣
£ΪмԶ˶٣ҪĮأ
ԶüᣬԼѾ׳˼ƣھҪıˡ
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ԶɫҲȷʵûôĮ
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ԶģԷֻЦɲǼ佩ϡ
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ֻҪҲΣôεľǱˡ
Զüֻ߶һʲôӦǺҮ
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¾;ĮϢˡԶƱɫľҺһ
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ΪᾩӣҪ뿪ܲ£˳ᵽĮȥ
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СιĿ࿴ġʮֺƭĮ

ȻµЩˣǱȽϴֳİɡ顣
ǵۺְ֧յңôô
֪費ҪעԷһˣտ࣬գࡣƵġɽػš
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


21 
ܽظ֮Զ¹˴ŲŲӡ
ֽһȴʦŬ£ɵطչš
ǰԶ˵һֽѾͶʹˡ
Ϊȴʦ˷ܵòˣҪԼֳֽķ𾭡
Զøƾˡ
뿪һδʲôпܴˮƯ
ԶʱҲٷչʲôҵµض鷿飬Сʨӣٹעһׯ̵롣
徻û죬ʹһذš
£Įڽµ۵һӡ
˵ʲôˣԶΪ⣬ʵ
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һŵؿ𣬵ֻõ˶Էһ϶
Զסѿڶ໰һʱҲ֪˵ʲôá
а취ÿһԶ֮⡣
ˣҲı䲻ʲô¡
ӴһҶһҵĳ
ΪƵԶһѰһ㣬µȥỻȡǳء
ԸԶĮƳĵܻĮͳһε⡣
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ⷨȻէһʮֻƣϸȴûпԻתء
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ҲֻǱ泼лᶨҪ̲ܵģºͿװûʲô
ԣԶʵʵġµҲ㲻ϸнڲٵģǳػһп޵ʵѪ׬
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еǰԱڿ쵼ƶĸߵ׵KPIʱ־顣
ˣ쵼ҪԼļĳض˵Сΰ쵼ôǳڶΣҪ쵼һİ
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ΪƥȻﾭ;ļⳡУĮʼմڿ״̬
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ɡƷƷʵ㲻ʲôܻӭĶ
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ûһζؼţתѰķչ򣬵ѵõĸհԶ
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ǳض˵Ǽջ󣬵ӦҲ֪⣬µ۲ͬ⡣
ˡԣϴЦƶ˵¼Ȼմݹ٣ѾӦ֮ߡ
ԶҲӣᣬһ˵֣Ͽɻǵôµȴʦ
Ŷ˼һ£ܿԶļƻ¿Ҫ֮˵úµͬ£
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µۣѰգ
µ۸ų֮޽¡ۡΪѰʵʼ
ȴʦķ¡µס֣ͬʱҲðӵĸɮ
ȴʦߺµԶǲ֮ˣӰܹ˲ʢ
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ңԶţЩ翵֮˵ոԸԼʵõƵˡ
ЩʵԶ׷ʲôҪ
л˵
࣡
ϾҪתĮСεĮҵˡ
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


22 
յԶŵȴʦû˿ѣµ
ȴʦһϮɫɮۣأ·ͽ̻Ի͵ķø롣
ȴʦ¶ȱ֮ɫڿµԼλʱΪⷬʣ̲ס
ֳַ飬˫Ŀ΢أƽ˵Ľյ÷㻯ҹ֮䣬ֵգϡ
ȴʦ̧ۣһ񣬼ƣԵֵͨ׶༪֣һԲǮƺɢַǡ޶ף㡣
µԣʧɫʦƽ֮
ȴʦãŶ˵֮ܣó־֮񡭡
ɵһȦ飬ȻͼµǰһЩе˵ʦ㲦һ
ԣȴʦ̾һһλʱֵĲ֮˳˱µĶϷǳ־ֵԭ򡣾֮Ϊ壬Ǵ˾þڱԣǻܹв
ȴʦһȭĴ󳼻ĴǣµȴѾȫȻһ˵ǡ
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Ǳ߾սܵۡŻᾩ˳µĸɺ
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µ۸æʵ˾˭
ȴʦ֪ǽ˵ֱ̫ףήͿŶȡĵǸضԺµ˵ĲӴȡ
ԣȻȴʦĻ˼֡
⡣ֱӸĽۣǻƫžԼóĽ
Ҳ˻ᱻνġʦƭԭ
ЩԿƭ˵˼·Ὣ˵ֱ̫ףȵƭӵ£Լ˼óƭҪĽʱЩ˵Ŀľͳɹ˴롣
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ȥɡԶԳԸ

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ϣվһ𣬸̸֪Ϣ
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ÿĸʱ10㵽11֮䣬̫ˡΪһֵ̣ٶʼձһСʱ١
ʳʳлǵ֧֣ôô
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23 
ˣЩԶߣҡҡͷ
С¸еƽ˵ģЩѵ̶ҩˮ°Щˣȴ㲻֪мˡ
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ԶǰЩһıġ
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֪ζʲô𣿡ɫЩ࣬ζŽĮпܴ治ʳ
Զһۣѵȥһʱһ̵ǣҲûд湻ʳ
常ʱߥ޵ļ䣬ںһء̵ǣ󣬻ǿԶȥʳźô졣
һƽΪң뱾ǲһġ
Զûı⣬˵¿Ա֤ڽ궬֮ǰڻϻ㹻ʳͲƥ
ЩȣҪ֪ԭĽռơ
Ҫ壬Ǯ⿿Ի㹻ʡ
ԶгģǺܻ˵ġ˼ãӦҪ
ĮѩɽҪϵʿΪ¡Ϊ˷ֹҪĮľӣԶֻҪЩƣϿԼεԿܡ
ԼԾӵİѿػŵġ쵽ܷ֮󲿷ҲֹͣˡЩҲţǸԶɻ
룬ܿرͬҪ
ʣ飬ҪԿһ֮ƻԶ
֮ǰжĮӦвٵĽءһʵؿ죬Ҳ½ۡ
ʹһûҵκοԶĿǰļƻһ֮Įľһ̨Ҳȫû⡣
˵ͷǵ±ڻʽ汾һͬ뿪ɡ
Զ˵ͷĿº뿪
߳ܽظǱҲ̲סˡСؿѯʵϵƵӣ
ῴ¶ɫǣ֪ЩͲԼϽλĲ죬ĻǵҲ
ҡҡͷЩ΢㵱ΪԶһͨͨӣ
ѵ𣿡Щɻ
Ȼ֪ԶҥԼһֲ߻ģ˾ΪԶж
֪ԶǸͨˣͲᱻԼĴ䵽ӵ㾳ء
ΪδԸͳĴ»뵽ȥȴʦţĮնš̾˿㲦
⵹ǡԼıӣжȴʦ
ῴžþûץסصǣһɸֵسԴһơ
Զ뿪ûգ±㿪ʼҪֽԼܳĵķֽˡΪΣֽļ˭յģ
һ𾪣˼ǡΪ
˵ͷҾƻ뿪ᾩ֮ʱƴӷ˽εǡñ˽ҷƳ˴ңϾ˼¡
⡭ⲻܰɣ𾪵˵ʼİˣ˵ƵᱻССĻᾩأ
ҡҡͷĵط㹻ġһ㣬ûһеİգһֱݷֱʵʱ֡˱Щâ¶˸ѵá
˭ᡣֻмٲˣܶ躹ޡ©âҪԡ
л˵
Զϰ岻ǰһķ緶
᣺رҺϲ
һЩ壨ŷԡ
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


24 
ȷ뿪ᾩʱԶͿʼæµ
·;Ҫ׼Ķнٳ֣òģϵ۵ȥеĵȴҪԶš
ᾩⲻʱڣԶµĲҵѾ˲١
ЩΪ඼ΪռϢðģԶֻҪ׵ƹٳֵеɡ
ԶѡЩ˲һǾܸ֮ˣΪҺʵɿΪԶЩ˵Ҳױ
ЩõķѰһˣ
ڳׯԭ˼һͽϳĹƹšΪ˼ҪȥĮׯϾֻʣǸͽϳжǮ¡
ǼӶТ˳ˣԶׯһӦ񽻸ǮһҲɷġ
ϵУµЩȻǺһԭ
ᾩʱŵСУҪڻᾩԶҲԸҸ¡
ЩҪƵģԶ͹ܲˡûĴ󷢵ҪЩԼ˵δ׵
źһкԶֻڸϵȴźµ۵Ĳĵĵ
µ۵ʥּĵǰһ͹ġ
ּȴʦµʱ߳Ȱ˵̸߹
߹ʥּûȥǶվ
Ը念˳졣߹˵
ΪŵǺµ۵ʥͣκ˹ݡˣ߹վԶش˸Ҿ󣬲Űݱ뿪
߹ߺ󣬽ЩɻʵǺµ۵̫࣬ΪζԵ˹
Զʥּڵɻǵܽظƹ񣿡
ͷƹղǻ˸ܽظƵĸ𣿡
߹İڱܽظ¡ԶϵһƤѩ׵ĺ춹⣬ҧһڡ
СĻǲסͷ
Զҡҡͷ
˭뵽ںµźĸ߹ǰǰֻǸΪûиĳ̫ͷ밲ͱһٵ͵ȵСš
̫౳̵ǹĹλȨءŻûٸ˵С̫ࡣ
ĸ׵ĲĿԼӾʹͳԶܽظƹ̸ʱԶǰ
¶ڸ߹ĸ˵Ͷ·ľĳЩλһ΢С¡
ʱλߵһ仰Ϳɾ˵ˡԶڶղڽµ۵··һ죬ڵ˴ˡ
ʹԶҲûϵһ࣬Ϊȼй˺µ۵ĳҡһӴ͵ȵ̫࣬һԾΪ˻ʵ۵̡
ǰ¶ڸ߹ĸ˶ԣһԸٱἰĹ
ԶҲԸڱ˰̣ͷ¸㣬֮ǰȥܽظʱ˳ְ˸Сæˡ
ͷڶʣǰԶһ衣
Զӹˮ׼ȣԶ
ؽ㡣һ𣬷ֹ̫ܵɲסբײ¡
Զǰվ˵£ѰĹѾҵˡ
Զ˶٣Ѳ㱻ղһɤӸŵӳȥĲ豭ŵϣϸ˵˵
ָͷѰʮλľҲѰʮλֻǵҪѰĹ
ôˣûѰԶü
ǡҡͷѰ̫ˡ±ѾҺ㹻֣ͻȻжʮƴέҵ£˵Ը¡²˽͹»㱨
ΪΣԶҲЩ𾪡
Ҫ֪ձ鲻ԸԶУ汲˶ͬһƬϣӳиҵͬĹ
Զ·;ңԶҪȥĻĮôһ˵ȫİĹҡ
ԶļƻУ÷ĴѰʮԸߵĹѾʮ˳ˣû뵽ȻԸĮˡ
ͷҲЩ⣬˵ǵʦĻӣŲò뿪Ѱ·ġ
Զ˼صͷˣ˵ǰ㣬ǾͶϰɡ
ȥ顣ȭʹ뿪
ʱմ໹ҪҴţԼġ˵㣬˼ʮͽܵ˼С
ԶЩɵض˶٣סʵ֪Ϊ˶ͽܣ
֪ͷǸֻһռǵŮԸԼʧͽܡ
ԶüģֲҪ뿪ܣҲΪĻҪɴŮΪ檣Ů˲ԸŵĻӡ
ĻĺŮɫǿŮҲ
ֻȼɭϵʱʵ۵þνУ˼ʹĻͨңҲͨԱ޸
һϻλһ˵õȮ졣
ǵҲ롣
龳£ðŵӵشżҾܣҲԸŮĻӸʵмֿɵġ
ǴʵԶҲԸӼʦͽʮˡУ֮ɳ̽Ϣ̽ӣԶҲ׷Ź
Զͷڰʾ뿪ԼתȥڵϴļǷ׼׵ˡ
ձǻ˵һڡԶڵĸӣճǰִ̳
ȵճ֮ʱںµ۵Ĵ¹ͬأɱѪԼΪġ
ⳡ˲
Զ˵ⳡĻͷ۵ģȲǲʱ͵𴲣Ҳϼ̨ǰҪ˫ȿԽټ̨ףǡɱѪһڡ
ɱѪ˼壬׼һ̳ţȼҪļ˵עֳɱٽʢء
ҲؼһǽѪװϣò˵պȡٽĨ촽ϣԱġ
ļʽԶҧҧҲͼˡ
ΨѪΪһڣôһʮһ͵ʱζܲ˵ġ
ԶΪһ϶û˯ãȫԼɱĳ
ֱڶ賿컽ѣԾԼıǼһѪѪƲȥ
Զ̾˿̧˫֣ɽһӵļԼϡ
߳ʱԼһ𣬷졣ԶЩԹ½ϵļ壬оԼ嶼˼֡
˼̳ԶŵĻ́ͷ
Ѿ׼̧ͷһ˲䣬Ǳ̳ĸ߶ȸ𾪵ˡ
Զʱһ
һ̳бҪôӸ
ԶЩر˱ۣʼͷ¥ݡޱȻǰ˾רݡ
ߵһ룬㴫һݲȵ
ּˣ¡˵ᣬֻȳ㵽Զǰ
Զ¶Ц⣬һģЩ޺޵ҧҧ˵
ò˵ȻƷԼĸߡǻôʱ̫Ƿᡣ
ԶذһۣڰʾϽÿ
ᣬ׼ǰʱЦһ
Զͣ²ӣմ䡣ûüڣ͸оԼı϶һ֧š
˵֡
ԶͷһЦⰻȻñЩ°ɣȻҪߵ
л˵
ٽ̨ףѪ죬ͿԵõһһϢС:(
᣺ȻǷǱš
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


25 
ԶʱƣȷƾԼļᶨ־Ƕ̳뷨ûκοɲԺ󣬾жİõ˿ӣ֧ǰȥ
˾Ҫ졣
Ҳʮ׼þյĵûٳ٩ֻĬĬص˸λãõԶ
Ȼ˱˰ٿ̨ҲˡԶĺõ롣
İ£ԶɹĿʼǰ˼̳վԼڵλϡ
յĶ𽥷ǰסһеͳµִ
˹ϯϣٵָġ
պ᲻ڵĴҶһĵģ
ɽ֮񡭡̨ϴۻԸġһ˵ֱ꣬ӡ
ԶѾɱ٣Щɵػסˡ
ͽˣ
ֻ˵Ҫɽ֤֮ǽյģǶԱ߽
ģҲҪ˵һ䡸ȻҲúȺ˺ôҲһ䣬ľȻô⡣
ⲻǽպضΥԶƲƲ죬Щм롣
˵עԶѪĳϣԶɿɨһȦ
˶˫ַڴǰ࣬ñͦˡֻһںû
ԶͶԼգգۣ¶һĨЦ⡣
һûѻ˵ġԶš
һôģگĴס˼ֱӸߺµۣԼŷگ񣬲ġֻ˴һگֵĴǹ
λܴף˾ٶǺܸˡ
Զܿ͹˲д˵뷨ˡΪ̨ϵ٣ѾһʢѪͭߵԼǰ
ڻǵһԶ˺ģ̽˽ȥ
ճĴ˲ָ⡣
ԶǿеĲʣϵѪͿԼ´°͵λϡ
Ҳֻ߸̣ûͿĨλòȷ⡣
ŨصѪӿϱǼ⣬Զʹҧأסθһӿ
ͻȻļԶŤͷȥֻ֣ڽɫĹһذ׽ӡ
ԶЩɻؽӽ˹ȥЩӲƷ
ӣ΢ĳ⿴һۣȻ߰öٺɫӣҴСĽ
Զ̧ͷᣬֻԷ˸ͣӦǣģɾġ
ŷ촽ϾȻûаѪ
ԶһЩɻü
еĹڳǰõģζ𣬻ɿڡԶմѪһֱüͷѪζ̫أ㽫еĹӲڽ˹ȥ
ԶĿһֱԼ촽ͣŶ򣬴óһմѪͬ
Զ״΢΢ףУŹڵϵѪĨһɶȻѸٰѽԼ
ٶǰڹ˾ʱ̨ϽתĿյļڵ͵͵ʳС
ԶɵЩȡڽѸӣԭѪڸǸɾٲˡ
ţǼûѪĸоá
Զʱʱ͵һöŸ̨ϵѽŵĽԵһɶ
ɫ𽥴
ȵʱ֮ʱڵĵһ
ֻŻεڵ˴Ӽ̨һ֣Сǰ֮ǰǩԼȥٵףж
Ľ̵Ĵ£뿪̳
̨ʱԶͷһֻۡµŹվߵ̨ϣԼ߽ǵĻʹϵɫߡ
Զµ۵ݣֻһۺ󣬱ԥת̨ס
ոڿʲôѹ˵
ûʲôԶҡҡͷͼȥ
Ѱ仰ͻʶȤزٹʡ
ƫƫһˣֻ߼׷Զ治ɫؼʣոտǰһۺꪣЩʲô
ԶһμôʶȤˣЩذһۣµʲôʱݱ𣿡
ԣ˼ĵЦ̳ܵǹҵĻʵۼݱͲ±𷣡
ԶŤͷһȦΧڵ²顣
ҲǡòΪͬص˵ͷҲúӹϻλ
ԶһأԸпᣬѵöĹ۵ʾͬ
һʵۣܲǴмҲܴһ̫ƽʢһʵܻ̰ұ˥䲻Զˡ
źǣµ۱Ǻߡ
̰޶ȣֵżáֱĶӶһ
ڻûÿǰʵ۸ܵļҵ㹻
ʮӣ˱˼̳ԶṰ˹֣ȥ
Ŀ뿪󣬾Ϳ첽ߵԼǰԸǣĲµձеĽȵ뿪ᾩ֮ʱڳϱһЩ
׵ĲæӦ£޵ݸᣬһͷһЩɻ룺ϲǲϲǹôͻȻҪ
л˵
ϻһǻǾͲҪҹ


26 
ֹ˼գڰҪ뿪ᾩӡһ磬Զ㱻컽
½žͳЩ嵭İɡ·ܲסվԶһ߸һ߶
УɡԶûȫ˯ѣ˶Ժġ
˵Щ嵭Ŀɲԣ첻緹вУԶʶͷ
ֱ·ϴ꣬ùš˻ᾩšͣ£⴫ʱԶ΢Ժѹ
˵ʲô
ԶӴ̽ԴɫϵᣬЩʵ
ΪԴѣһ߶ľƶá
ûɵģʧЦոʵΪδ˶ˣ
Զע⵽ԼǰеȺ
ͷһ׵Ļǰ档
ԶͣʮŽ׼ġ;Զбر⣬ʣжԶ߼Ĺ
ʮ棬ж໤
ôһһƺȷʵ١
ͼŵ˼ҪһЩ
ԶЩɵض˶٣˵ֻǡ׼Ƚϳ֡
СЦŵ˵ͷǵºúϢʲô£Ѱ㡣
ԶӦһ
һµ㣬еһǰ档
̣ޣ
һ˺ƺƵԶǽ
е·ʱͬᾩʱΪ˽ʡ·ϵʱ䣬ѡСɽ-·
ȻһصᾩȷʵСɽȴ̫ѷԽ
ԶǸӹǣȵСɽʱƶҪһ롣
ѡһƽ̹·ߡȻѵճһ·ȴЩࡣ
ֱտԶŵһӺƺƵʱŸԼѡôһ·
ȻĻԶŵЩۣҪ·ɡ
еǰеԶȴڿϣԵɵɵ˯˹ȥ
ҲܹǰѬİϣڵֶһ֮ǰƺõĶ
ĵ£ԶԴʱʱؿҴͷϣ˯ֻǳ⡣
һ˯ŵʱ䡣
ԶϣﻹһͷЩ͵ؿŶ̽Ľ졣
ÿʵգʵ죬еˣ
̣Ѿ˻ᾩԼʮˡ
ԶŶһٴ𻰡
һʮǰǵԶˡԶĬĬ㡣
ǵԶձҪҰⰲӪկ
Ƶᾩ֮ʱһ·ЪԶҲûйⰲӪկľɵЩڴϵĵ
ֱɫڽĲʱԶʶԼԭڴж档
ֻǰϣɢɢɢ񣬾мıԶӪʡ
ҲΪ£Ҳխ˴֮⣬ʣĿռԼתĵز
ԶĬش˳ͷĽ죬ȷϵձɵԶ𣿡
ڵõ϶Ĵ𸴺Զɵسһ
ǺһԴɳƵ
ԶŤͷ֪ðᡣ
Įһ˵ӪǸʮ׵ľ룬ǰò
Ҳǳ£ϾУߴŵļλЩ뷨Ĳ졣
˾ٲ⣬ⷬǰԼҪʱ䡣ҪԼĸĮ֮˴ߡάĮİ
Ȼ׷⣬ûˡĲҰ
һ˶Զ˳ҲΪ棬ϾĮûжమ
Զ˸ùܵ˶޺Ѽ޵ͷ
ԣЩȵ̽ӣԶеɫͷʵѼݵëɣװͷвɵõ𣿡
ԶЦŽ͵Ѱǻġ˺üǲëˡ
˵ͷʵϴʮ鷳
ԶͷķϴൽǰͷּһףϴֻҪһˡ
ԶǸῴ׵ķϴ͡
ȴû뵽⣬ֱֽӹԶеͷѹ¸ܴУ̾˼ʮʡ
еͷϵĻԶһ·ϱڻеһ
˾ԶһʱҲеΣֻϴżЦϲȵĮ˸һ
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ȴû뵽ˣԶĻ˵һ䣺ˣҲô鷳½еͷ뱾ǡ
ԶóգʱҲ֪˵ʲôֻӲͷƤΪѵؿĿİͰ͵ϲ͡¾ϡֻǴùϡ
ԼǾ仰˵ʱʶ˻е⡣ǶԷ޾ߣԼôֱ׵Ҫ˹ͷ
ԵĻѾڣҲ֪ôȡ
ԷѾǿӦҪȻʮΣҲٷڡֻͷӹһ䡸л¡æ뿪
ΧһĻҲһԡ
Į˵ǲСһЩҲûкҪԷ޾ߵĵز
Ķӵᣬֻعͷ˿ɫ͵ӣһʱҲ֪ôϴԲֻεЦһձø΢ǰİУԶ˸
ϸ׼ģϢǾͲŵˡ
˵գת뿪ԶͶһıӰ
¡һʱҲ֪˵ʲôһ²ż˵Сȥøͷɡ
ţȥɡԶǿάסԼƵĹ衣ֻжΣֻԼ֪ˡ
ԶӪվãŻɵЦ
һͷȻԼбãҲڽܲˡֻû뵽һĮһֱ׳ģҲнβ֪ʱ
ԶոǸģĺõشµİ
װʱݹĽ
Զ˽һ¸ĿǰƻҪˡ
һӽĺõ߽ǸЩӵС
л˵
γ̶ȴдһ°ɡĮѾշתһˡ


27 
£кЩһֶֻŴ룬һֻÿ߽ɫ԰׵ԶЩż˵
Ҳ޴¡Զذ˰֣Žҩ֭Թ̾˿
뿪ᾩĵգԶ㿪ʼ¶֮ɫ
ԼԭЩƢθ֢֮ټ·;ʳ񲡵Ҳ֮е¡
Ȱҩ˰ɡ콫еҩݸԶվһ˵
Զ鲻Ըؽӹҩ룬üҩϢüëˡ
˼һҩһԣڵͻȻЩȥûгԵȥ
⻹Զ⼸յһԵ㶫ϽӦ£ϲسԶѰԵȥˡ
ԶŽ뿪ıӰЩذҩһɶ
Զҩ֭󣬱һֻθ޾ɵӿһߡθ۵ܣ˵ǰһٵغҩҲԲá
ͻȻĽŲԶûۣΪǽֻˣЩɻ󣬱۾ʵǸߣôֻˣ
ңᡣſڴº͵
ԶۣͿüԼ
⻹Զ˶뿪󣬵һټ
չضԼʲôϢҲ´û뵽쾹Թˡ
ԶסЦ⣬մ㿪ڣͱˡ
ضոͺá˰֣Զ˸ʵƿº󣬲ż˵ôˡ
Զ˵ͷ˵ûʲô⣬ëˡ
Ǹ΢΢üģЩõ˵ô˿Լӡ
кһУԼҲΪμԶϧԼʱİ
ǰɫЩ԰ףһ˫΢΢̵ĵУбˮһϮ˿ֻýɵذţࡣ
Ŀ촽⶯ȴʲôû˵ڡ
Զ״ֵĻЦЦҲãòҪġ
ֹؿһۣ֪ǺȰǶԶ⸱βģ
̾һʱܵͨݳǣ⼸ձЪЩߡ
ԶЩ𾪵̧ͷ񾭲һᡣ
˲Ƿ˰ɣ֪˵ʲô
ͬеಿ챾ͶִҪԶĮһĻܣ㷴Įֻʣյг̣˷ľٶԼλ̫ȹ
֪ĺԶЩεʵ
Զ¶𾪣ЩƵؿһۣûд𻰣̽¡
˵꣬ͷҲصسֻԶԿ΢΢ڶĳ¶˼
ãԶ̾˿˽죬鲻ԸطԸٸҶһҩ
ʶ˵ͷЩɵʵոأ
ԶЩƲߣСˡ
ŰɵؿԼҵһۣתԶҩȥˡ
ϣȻҪͨݳԶһûʲô飬ĮǱȴǳòɿ
ԶվڣЩԼ
£ҪȵЪŰɣ˽лһʵıӡ
ԶתŽ죬ʵĮǱ߿ǳˣ
ѱӷŵϣ˳С˵ŹĮһ˱㳳СľʱС䣬һ˵Į̫˵ĮλʲôģĮ˺ôƢ
ԶԣЩüġ
Įһ˸Ϊ˵˻᲻浶ǹطǡ˾Ȼ̫ǣҲûӹ⵽˼岻صزЩ˾ٵĶ
Զ˵һ仰ԽԸһջ͹
ЩɻʵƽﲻϲջôҪˡ
ĳЩ˽Զ
ԣƶǶص˵ͷ˷š
Ǵһ·Ǳϣ⼸ѾˣԶָηһ󣬾Ͷϵı
£Įˡһ˽Զ㱨
֪ˡԶһһ߷Ը죬Įɡ
ܿ죬Զᡣ
ڽżյ͵ƣЩ谵ĵƻĵüĿ䣬
ϻҹĺղŵŭȴѾ߰˷֡
ԶýѸոõľջԸһ󣬲Ų˵ϿЩ
Ƴһϵľջ裬Ҳ֪Զǵǽ˻ᳰԻ˸ôˣ
Զ˻β豭ϵĸúܶˡ
׹˵Ϊ¶ԶҪ·ģеҲ֪ôͻȻɢˡ
˴ð裬ʧЦղ²ϧԼӰˡ
ԶŶһ룬ͰҼڻϿ¡
Զһûģ̾һ˵ʹ´СģЩҲԲŹµġ粻ȥᣬڡ
ԶһʱҲ֪ôⷬһ˵ϵѣ¾塣
Ц汾뿪ᾩʱе±ѾǱˡЩ˲ĮԵɣ¿ף
Զĵ㵽ͦǩʲôСˡˡҲ˻˼
һ·Ҫͼ졢򽻵ÿÿദ졣ŴԹ
Ļ˼ЩˡûЩ޸ϵĴ㡣ЩֻȨƺˣλǲĮѡ
ֻǡԶ̧ͷᣬɫ
˾ٵĹҵ壬Ϊ˼ìܣýҳأ
£ѵõĻյľⲢζƽơ
̹ȻؽԶעӣǸЦģһֱԼЩɻü
Զһ̽ϵĻ¶ˡҲ޴󰭣Ϣһձ̡
ԣЦ⽥Զãſڣˣձ߰ɡͨݴһ죬ȷްҲ١
Զ֪룬ֻǵ˵ͷûڴִ
һ裬ѯʣٹɵĮ
һشԼձɵľͲ䡣
Զ˵ͷľͲգǰͥ
ԶһὲһлйľͲϢ
ľͲ˽ⲻֻ˵ľͲа¶һĮˡ
л˵
᣺Ҵ˾Ϊ
Զûл㣿
᣺ûзĻɣ
µе
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


28 
ڶ峿Զһ𴲣ŶʱͿǣվᡣ
Ὣһ޵ݵǰԶ˵ҽӦߡͨǾɫȥתתڻࡣ
Զվſڳãջǽӹݡ
Զ棬ҲΪչԶٶȲ졣
ƵţԶŷϵ΢磬ȷʵԼһ㡣
һӱͣתԶ¾ô
ԶΪʴ˴ķ羰´һǰľɫۣƯ
ⷬȷġǰľɫ治
ˮɽʳذأѵ＾ȴһ㶼Եɪ䲻ʢǰ̲ȴиɫҶ䣬׺Щ֪Ұ
еҲ᲻ɵرá
ᷴӦһԶĻشЦ˵ʵ´˴羰Ρ
Զסʶһ
תͷԶʵµ壬ô
ԶʶԼ˻ЩεЦЦöˡ
ԶĴʱԶͻȻ˼ֻ֪棬ͻĴ
ԶͬʱȥʱԶ˶񣬸æסᡣ
ԼûпĻӦĳֺ䡣
ʲôķ䣬ȺԵĳࡣΪϴԸͣʳΧҲ㡣һֻܵ˺ͻ飬ҧˡ
ҰʱõѡǲҪǡ
˵ʱʱ죬ûһֻڵأֱԶ
״æгޣԶȥ
ԶϣסЩ궯סڱӷɹһ˲䣬ľȻϵ̤ʵ˿ûжӱ޵ľ׼ȵĻɡ
޵ĩþƳɵģҵķԶǼǰĵطԹ׼س˺ϡ
ŵĺӦأʣļֻҲϤ䡣
û°ɣᷭ첽ߵǰ
¡ԶҡҡͷҲʬʰϸϸ۲š
ǰĺ;˶ͨ۷ֹԼԶָڳ̡Ĥغɫͷۻƣβкɫͽɫɫ
Ȼ󣬶ҲǿĽ𻷺䣡
ԶЩ𾪵࣬û뵽ڴ˵Ҫ
Ķ඾ǲۣ˺ҲԲʳ۷ΪʱͶ
ԶĬĬؽеĽ𻷺ڵϣ̾һ󣬷ɿվԱ߻һ֪Ằ߰ɡ
ʵ˵ǣɡ
ԶĲЩɻʵΪż
ɱܿŶ뿪Ƭ
Զһв֪Σᣬ߲µ߽͵
ŷ
Ǹַɳ棿
һ£֮ǰƺģƵĳӣȴûн⼸ֻʹ󡣡
Զ룬֪ηǰԿ𻷺乥ͽˮţ˶ĶϢ󣬾Ͷ͵ﾴԶ֮ˡ
˷𻷺䣬;˶Ըִо綾ͨǼʳһĳֻܵ˺һдͬ֡Զɫؽ𻷺ϰԺΣ
üһʱҲЩȣûѯʣͿԶɫͻǸٴеӣһ˼ģ
Զͷո𻷺ĵطѾԶԶŤͷᣬڵϿɻǵǸղڵĵط
ͷʵ¿ʲô㣿
Ͽа취ϵٵĲ¡
ῴԶһۣӵһȡϵŵĳһֻС

Զֵ⣬Щɻ̧ͷ죬ֿᣬֻһĸĪ⡣ֻü졣
һȻһֻͨѩ׵ĺڸ߿͵ڵλø£˶˫ͣļϡ
ԶϣǸ˲ı˧ˡ
ͣӥʲôģĸ˲һأرԷһֻëסġӥ֮񡹺ࡣ
ŤͷᣬȻһ˳˳ë¿Żȥ
ԶʵûסԼ֣̽ںԴѺ󣬲ȡֽʣд˼仰ݸᡣ
Ὣֽںצϣųߺ󣬲ָԶģֵıʿʵǺ
Զеֽʵݸᣬܵ̿ʣϸ֦ƶɣֱʹãëʷЯ
Ϊ֣̿רһֽǦЩ
ֽдд֣̾ﵱ˼ЯұͷӲƺëʸд
Զ˵ͷʵëҲǻõģײӲõ˳ֻ֡Ƴ̿ʺŷ֣Ϊֲڣ̿ҲûôãֻӦʱżʹüء
Ὣ̿ʻԶɷ£
̿ʺǺ档Įһ˳ϣëҪպīд˵Ϊ㣬ܽ̿ƹ㵽Уܴ󷽱ճ
ԶҲ뵽һ㣬ͽ̿ʵᾡ
̽֡Į̿ʡĿĿʱ
ԶͷȻżȫװĻɳ۹
ŵٶȹɿ졣ԶԸ̾
ЩɻضԶʵҪʲô
л˵
Ǵ塪

СڴʾλҰ𻷺ʱǧҪעȫұݣһʱҽ
һ䣬ƺҽǰbugҽʼƴָѧҽˡΪСƺֵҪһ㣬õȵγˣͽˡҽһʡ
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


29 
, ÿ˶żƤʵĴڴ
ԶոĽ𻷺òԼѨϸһ飬𻷺ĳѨƤʵĿڴװŴ
꣬תкĲ, Զ˷ͣһҪСġǲСıˣһҪѸ뿪Ѫ, ˮϴڡǴˮɴˣ
ϵˮ,´Ķ¶ˣ·ġ
Զ˵ͷżȥ, һת㿴ɫӵؿ
ԶΪڵԼһ˵İΣ͵ȵ𽫺ĳѨ, ±˿ӱ޵شƣΣϡ
һ˼ģ룬ֻǡҡҡͷֻǵƺ뱾ΪĲһˡ
Զؿһ, Цһ,϶кڴǾĺáȻ, ¿ɲ֤²ʧ
ῴЦòſڵֻҪ¶ԱҪɱı, ȻԵµֶ, ǶԸá
Զתͷ, ͷҲص뿪, ֻһ䡰ϴɷģ

һڵ絽ľͲ䡣
ǰķ羰𽥱仯, Ĵ͸رһ޼ʵĲԭʱԶ֪һ̤Įء
ֻǣǰһ޼ʵҰ˿вסģ
ԶЩɻߵǰ棬ͼԶ
Դͨݳɢĺ󣬽ļֻҪԶһ
ʼ컹ЩģԶɫһպùһպ󣬱㿪ʼ˫˫޳ˡ
ǲǰ棬ԶǸϽóλá
ôˣʵ
Զǰһ޼ʵĿҰЩɻʵһ·Ҳûʲô·꣬ô߲ʧ𣿡
Զ죬ʵôûụ̂Щǡ
Աߵԣûü˵Ͻ˹üɫؽ͵ڣ´ɷһġϱı£ϷŵӥǰǺϴ䵽ͥϴѩɽɽﶼǰããһƬΪҪѩɽˣû뵽ǰǴͥ
һָ̧ۣһӣ㻰ࡣ
תԶͣľͲûжǣÿˮݶӡ¸Ӧԭȥˡ
Զ˵ͷǸյġԻ¼Уһʱûлع
ʧȥжʧԶġЩ̽ߣʹ׼ĹߣÿʧҰ⡣ȷʵѵá
ǽ̸ʱԶͻȻ¡¡졣ֻԶɽϣмʮƥɫĿɳ۶£Ϣͳǰ
еޣʾĳͣ¡
Ϊ׵һƤʵĳۣǰμϣľͲ찢¶ǰӭݡ
ԶվһԴλ¶죬ǰ˶һŨܵĺӣòвԭɫ
ʱ̬αװһʮµķӦȴƭˡԶţȻľͲ쿴ЩЦĮ̬ȴûġ
ʾ¶վǴ·
Զļδк󣬲תԶ΢΢°̬ͣưӵ¡䲻֪ΪĮľͲȴӭ
ɫ졣¶ɫǲֻ
Զ˿⣬ĮʱԤϵ˽ĳ
Į˻Ǹ֮ˣʹǵװ׽ǳعˡв֮ĵֻ£ȻҲƴ
ӰԶֵ롣
̧ͷŰ¶Բ޵º͵ЦЦ¶ڲӭûϵһỶӭġ
¶ͷһ죬Ҳ֪ôӻֻһصԼĲ塣
ῴŰ¶ıӰЩضԶôԱ峤̬˺ƣԱ䵭أ
ԶһۣڵҲϣ¸յĮĲͻɣ
ƲƲ죬ÿɷ
µǿִ԰¶Ը֮ҿ±ڴ˵չˡ
ԶףõĶҪ뷢չĮ;Բ¡
ոյĻǰİ¶ĵ˵Ƕ˽͸
ȷʵһˣƢ𱬣۲䡣ǸոԶִɲ죬̤ľһԶողӲһ仰Զ˼֡
ⲢܸıԶһ۶ϡ
ܿ죬һ˱㵽ľͲ䣬ǰһߵ͹Ĳݳ
һݡæţ򡣲ݳǳǳ滹ʱʱ̽Դشİ͡
ܶԶв¶ķԸһ˱
ȥôʣԶһĿĵڸй䡣
ͻȻС˻ҵ
²ˣ
ôˣҪ˵Զתɫŵˡ
СһߴڴŴһ߻㱨£ֻʨӡѣľͲиˣ
ʲôԶ󾪡
ֻʨӱûҰԣôᾪŵи
Ҳ˲϶롣ԶæкС˵иģȥ
л˵
ҲǴ塪
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


30 
ԶС˴Ҵһǰ, æʵôˣ
һλӴиͼϱѾҪˡ챾ǰ·ģ֪ô, µʨͻȻܳһ͡
ȺͻȻܳһƤڵẺӣָԶ, ŭĿԲغҲĹĵ, аֲأҶҪÿ
ѾˡԶ΢һ
ûͼָ𣬶зɿǰ֪ʶ, õĲࡣ
еҽйԶŤͷԸԵˡ
ж֮߱ʱд, ȻҲ⡣
СɿȥƬ̾ͰԶеĴ򶼴˹
У˭ܰﵽиԶˡ
Щɵҡҡͷ
ʱѾС˿е֪ǰڵĲ, Ž, Ҳó°
Զŵ, Ҳĵš
ԶͻȻǰһʯмһ̻ĸʯ, ͼˡʽ䡹ĳ
ʽ䡹˼, ָиվ
æ˵Լ뷨һλͽĴ˼, ˫۷Ź˷Уվ̬, 
Զ߶ȱ˵Щʲôʱ, β˲Ҫ֮¡
λϽͷЩɣΪӣϡ
ԶŮĹҲֻŤͷͼ
ͼԣҧҧҽ㵱аĸƽ
а˷ְա
ãͼͷҾһΡ
ҽʵһ̣˵Ƶʵû취;ס
˵ͷ˴ʡ
ԶĶĿȾ£˲ִҽѧ֪ʶѲԶҲȽϷġ
ĵ֮ŪʨͻȻԭ򣬸޶һ
Զת򱻿Сʨӡ
ʨѾ˰˶ߣǿ׳ĺӣ˺ôĹŰ
ǰˣ˼ưĵͺԴͣײӡ
ԶӣȴһԵļẺӸסˡ
㻹ʲô˱ѵ뿪һŭ
ԶһŭļˣҹΪ˸ͼһ˴ͰĮĹأ̨ιӥ֮˿ãҲף
̬ƽȴ֪Ϊαס鲻Ըÿ
Զ§ʨӵĲӣֹٶȴܳȥСʨӼ״ҲԹԵſԶ顣
ǶǻëʱԶʵë״ֻš
һҲ࣬СʨӾ̲ס
ԶŵؽڵأһԴοһ߿ڵȥȡ굶
뿪ľͰȴΧ˹Ǹŭģ¶ɻؿԶеʨӡ
Զӹ굶кǰסСʨӵĺȣСؽëɾȻ˵ľУƤﳶһ롣
ôһ£Ⱥ
дǰСʨֹѪԶվϸ۲ǰѪĳ롣
βûп׶ӦǷõġ
ݵԱһǰѯʣʶõģ
ɫӵؿԶһۣƬ̵ӦǴëձ롣
ԭϵ񳣳ëռëձëձϴ󣬱ʮɵ
ʱرǲԭϣǹƷټľͲļͥࡣҲѡ
Զմ㿪ڣʹһ
Ҳ飡ҵҪʱ˭˶񶾵ķӣиµȥ֣
ԶŤͷɫİ¶ᡣ
µĶ˲֪ʲôʱ
ڼ˵ȴ¶ĲѲĽʱԶдһӤޡ
ǸϽ첽ߵǰֻɫĴͼ֡
˹֣ͼϲ£˳ĸŮƽ
ͼԣֱ׳̲ס޳ʵƽͺáǿıƽͺá
ڳҲɵġ
˺һͼŻĨĨᣬʵܲܽȥ
ҡͷ˸꣬˽ȥ˿ں׸Ⱦ
Щ֪ʶ֮ǰԶǿչġ
Ҳȥˡͼæͣ˲ӣԵɵЦŮˣҺͱŮ
ԶŻˣҲڰ
˰̣лѺһͼͲ˻
˵˵㶼ЩʲôH£·ſ̧Žصߵڵء
ſŵ̧ͷΧ۵ǣЩҵؿڣʲôûԩģҪң
鷢չڣͳľͲ˽¡
ԶԤͺĬĬվһԹۡ
ԩʲôˣ͵ذθѵݵ¶ǰ
¶۲˰Σд˴ˣһģһ룬㻹ҽƱ磿Ұ䣡
ڲԭϣһʧȥ˲ӻֻбҰ޿ʳͷʣĽ֡
ʱֹƳɵģֱ档ҪɺĻеǻ治ýԶһ
վһΧȫ̵ͼЩ˼ǰԶһ񣬡ͼΪ֮ǰµǸ֮ǰйìܣӦһֱĲôһƻң˵¡
Զڰ֣Цŵ£㲻ǰУ׵ġ
ͼ¶Щ˼ͷ
ҡԶŵϹŵˣڣҲҡ
ͼס⻰ʲô˼
ֹһˣ¶ɵ¶ɻ
ֻΪ˱㡭ҸľͲ䲻һʱô֪ͬеһͷʨأ
л˵
еæǵ۰-ǣ

ˡʽ䡹ʯĴʯеġĸؾࡷ
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


31 
ס, ǰ¶ȷӦֽ˴ȥʡ
ͼһ£Щؿڵǰǵµܹ, ֪ʨǵµġ
ȺҲӦ͵ԶԶԣҲ֪ͷʨӡСô֪
ĸŮƽҵҲȥʡ¶ӻֶ˵ɢ˰, Ǹʲôʲôȥ
ǰֻʣԶ, ¶ˡ
¶˸񣬡ȥʴˣиˡ
˵ͷ¶ǰͻȻعͷ, ǰ㽣ŵ̬ȣ΢ضԶҳ, ǸˣϣµĴҪô˵ط
Զûлػÿɷص˵ͷĿŰ¶첽ȥ
ֱӰʧ߾ͷԶŤͷ, ׵ͻȻ˵˾䡸л
лῴһ, תｫ˵ǣ
Զнӹ, Ტ뿪˴˴
תͷᣬϸոҲ, 𣿡
ü,Ƿ, Ϊβֱ˵
ԶЦЦ, ͷһľͲפĵط,ҪľͲ𣿰¶Ǻܵ͵һӡ
סԶε²Ҳ˵Ҳϣ¸Į뱾Ĳ˳ͻ
仰ռľͲ죬ԼΪζͰ¶̬Ȳͬʱ˵ġû뵽ԭⲻػԼ
ԶʧЦᣬǰԼͷŲ
ὫͷԺ󣬷ְͷǰΣЩü
ĮûϰߣҲûԶǰڻЩһмͺɱط͡ǽǰĳಿһ
ԶЩɵͽװΣЩؿڣΪʲô
עԼ紵ҵͷϣһʱûзӦԶ˼
һ²Ž͵ĮûϰߡΪĮ˳дϵõķٲһͻɢܲ㡣
Զ˵ͷЩεָָԼЩҵͷƽҲϲڣԼŪġ
ƽճӡ챻ȥ£ûߡ
Զɢ׷ɵķ˿ʵûסһЦ

ľͲרΪһ׼磬ԶǰμӹξƻᣬԽҲûٲμӹ͢ᣬ绹ǵһΡ
˶ĻϯصΧڼǰһȾƿ⣬ȫȻûݵλ֮֡ǿģظκιԼ
ԶǰʱʱĻǣ֪ΪͻȻһͷܳõشҲ
ɵأ˼֮ϲ
£ͼһ˿ð͵ݵǰ
Զ̧ͷǰͼϴˬʺЦ⡣
ӹ⣬ͼ˳£ʵµͷСʨأ
Զ̫ذƬһƬͽŵСӴȥˡ
ͼ˵ͷʵ֣
ǲԭ˰Ķ֣ǵԼѡԭֻϲȦ԰֡ԶòƲˣ˵
ԶͣƬ֣ҷ˼ǸСʨˡ
һֻʨӱ͵Եɣϵȷʨӵ֡
д١
٣ͼЩɻסЩְǴӵ˼
ԶҲ֪ôֵֻù򶨵ص˵ͷ
ںԭšƵӵϲˮҥԣͲڵԶܿǵˡ
ͼҲپᣬҲԭʽء
ºտԸμŮϴ񣿡ͼʵ
ϴǾǸٰԡʽһμӣȥۻ࣬ףԸ
ԶҲμֻЦӦͼ롣
ͼԶӦԼ룬߸˵뿪
û뵽ͼǰŸߣž͵ˡ
ʲô𣿡Զʵ
ӦĮͬ֡£ĺûᣬôܵԼ
ֻصݸһƺԶͿؽ˹Щɻؿᣬֿƺ
ỹΪԶƺԴģµľƺûù
Զûб⣬̽źһڡ
û뵽澹֮ǰܽظľơȣȴ֪ûˡ
Щȵؿһۣϲ˵ǻ㡲ú͹ģԼҲû𣿡
æʳָߡ꡹һǰ¶ŵģ֣͵͵װһǧ¶ɱ⼸̳ơ
ѹͳЦԶ
ԶͷЩȻָ⿪˸Цǰ¶֪ˣô
ֱӣԶһ㣬ڵҲôǰҰڲԭϱۼȦɡ
Զüһʱ䲻֪ỰǼ٣־ٴǹŴΪ˳ͷ˵ūʱŻõ̷¶ٵΪҲҶ°ɣ
л˵
СʨӣվǴˣjpg.

ʱеã֪һǲǵСʨӵԴˡ
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


32 
Զ¶ɻ, ЩνЦЦ¶Ҹĵһ󣬵޸ҸͲˡɥһ, Ҹĸ󡣰¶ʱΪĸͳ˲ע⽫ҰþܾڲԭϿ񱼡
ʱ󣿡ԶüȻƵ, 󵽵ʱΣա
,Ӧ߰ʱ򡣡
ǺأԶʶ׷ʵ
˿ھƣ˶٣ذ׽Ӹ, ΪˣֻܴˤȥչҵİķûӰ, Ҹ˲Žұ˻ȥ
ԶǵðǴȥѶʱ˵ӣôţƤɵġ¶Ӳ֡
ذ׸ϲ֪ҪѶοᵱʱǸ߰С
Զ̧۴ãͼҵʱ˺µĺۼ, ȴֻһͷȾƵ, ɫƽüۼǲزס
񲢲ԶЩɻ
ûʲô, ҲûҪҵ֦ͱͱǰ𣬲˵Ҹ֪, ˰¶һٱ, ˰ȥ糶ƽˡ
ԶǰͻȻĻ, š
СʱȻ޹ٻ, ʱ顣Ϊʮ, ңҲǰ֡
㲻úйߡԶƶ
ǵǡ˵ͷңҿֱܻɱҸûбӡ
Զ⣬⽨ĺˣ󲿷ֶλϵġ
󵽵ΪΡ
漰Զ֪òȥЩԥͣסˡ
ȴֱ˵˵򣿡
Щɵص˵ͷ״˫ڲӺ棬Щ£˵һҮ
ԶˣǾ仰˼ǣڵص׵ܡ
ȻڵµܣԶ㲻پᣬͷȾƿȥˡ
ˡͻȻڣŤͷԶʵ֮ǰ˵̿ʣпĮ𣿡
Զԣ¾ƺ˼ƹ̿һµĿԡ
ԭϵ鷳ĻҪ󲻸ߣʹǽΪɺĵطҲֲ
ȻǱʣҪֽдɡ
ֽܵҰòˣûֽĮڵĮմ໹õƤֽ
Զ붼룬֪̿ƤֽϿ϶ǲдġ
ǰиȴʦֽȵƹ㿪Ҳʱ䡣
ڵû˹ǣԾıԼĴҵ
ǣԭϸûôľԹֽ
Զ̾˿ЩԹؿᣬǺѣ̿ʺƤֽдֽ̫ͨд֣ʵ֡
ҲʶԼո뷨Ĳʵ֮ԶЩգο£һ˵㲻Ҫ̫ϡ
Զʶ˵ͷȴ˼Ŵ¡
ԶüΪţͻ˸⣬ŵڶ֮ǰȡ㹻ĲƥʳһֱŵµĳЧأǧҪʳԡ
ԶһֻۣЦ֪ߴԼҡҡͷһڵʳ
ͨʱͱԶȥץĽ𻷺ͻơ
֮⣬⽻һ˳Ļٹվܻˡ
²ǴԼʳ䣬Դﵽĳŵɣȵ˵
ԶһۣôҲûôʳҴġϻǳϵڱ뷨ɡ
ԣЩϧһһʱҲЩԶļƻ
Ȼһֱ֪ԶдܣļƻȫȻ֪״̬¼Ȼ£ɵسʵǵ´ôأ
Զĵҵļƻһ֪͸ѪͶʡ
һʱҲ֪øлλ³ç
Цһ͵ȻҴĮչãȾҪǵĹʳΪ˺ͲǻЩ⣬ٽмӹ
Ȼ֪Ҫк;ỹǵ˵ͷȴԶġ
Զͷһھơԭҹ¶ȱȰͺܶ࣬ȵѸů
͵ӹȻɱߣҲԭϸߵļǮ˱ܸĮڻвռƵ״ҪķпҪðտô
Щ̾ؿԶȻԷԽԼðʵļƻڵɲõķʽ
տôԼЧ£ҪͳߵȴʩоЧ֪Ҫöٱ
ͳߣԼʶѡǰߡԶƻֶֻͲ֪ȳ˸١
ˣǳرɻΪĮı˴ˡ
¶ϲɫԶɵЩɻ㲻Ҫôӹ𣿡
¡
ȻŵµġһЩվԭҹﺮأ岻ã͵»شϢɡ
ȻΪͻȻתƻ⣬ȷʵˡԶҽƻ˲ʱٵʲô纮͵˵ͷӦ飬ȥ
л˵
ԶֹͣҪε룡

ĻҪVVгֳָ£ƪǵVıǲҪ򰡡
лһֱ֧֣ǡ
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


33 
һ, Զ㻻һɫĳۣȥμͼŮϴˡ
ԭΪɫԶȥμʽ, 봩̫ؾ
ƽٴɫصۣѰ˰죬ҵôһɫȽۡ
ԶŽ׼õյط, 㱻ͼλ, ðְѺӱơ
һװ׾СӤ棬գ۾, ǿɰ
ֶԶЦ⺢Ҳ֣ǹɵúܡ
Զ˵ͷ, ΪֵͬĹ۵㡣еݸͼʵС𣿡
ͼҲûԶƴǣˬؽӹԶţͷˡ顣
ľͲԭһɫ޵Сֵܲ
Զظһ, Цų޵
ͼ˼ЦЦϴʼһʱ, ÿ˾͸λϵţ㿪ڵµһԭ, ҴĴ䣿
Զͷһ˴ʡ
ͼסŵĵطһƬţ, ԶǱ߿, ȴû뵽ԶһѸһӲǰͣ
ЩӲÿԼһ׳, ҶƬѾ΢΢ݻƴ, ϻ, ӦǱ𣬶ѷڴ˵صġ
ʲôݣԶŤͷˡ
£ǴӲݳڳݡһ˳ش
ݡԶĵȻϡ
˼Ҫ߽ϸоæȰ¿ҪСģо綾ģ
ǰҼҵļƥǲСĳݣжġȺӦ͵
Զ˵ͷ֪ҶǺ⣬ڼȷǰĲݺǰǷΪͬһֲ
ʹںݶǲԭĴСΪֲݺжжʳжΪǵ̫ʢƬƬֳϼѹݵռ䡣
ԶڵϹ۲ãȷǰֲǺĶݡ
վİգʵݿӰ˴ҵ
ԶʣرԹӰúأǲö˵ţǱݸġˣܼʱЩȥ갡ͳøˣ
Զ˿ϳＸʮֵĲݸüǽҲᱻƻɣ
æصͷиͽϳĺ̾˿ش˵ļǣ۲ԭϵرͲ֣ǽݴȥ꣬ƬطͳɳĮٳˡЩݺǷʱһܳȥһСƬطݡ
ҲԣҲԡ
ԶҲ̾һѾľͲİɼˡ
ݣᵼ²ݳ˻ҼΪǲȥֻӣռԭ
ʹǿƼΪĺȻҪһ򣬸ڵľͲˡ
Զ룬С˵еĴй
С뿪ЩɻʵǴ
Զգգۣûлش𣬶ȥһݹ
ܿ˹ﱦĴ
ͼҲμӺӵϴ񣬲һʣͱԶС뵽
½ңԶΧ۵İգЩɻͷ
Զոոݵݵǰʵʶֲݣ
ʿΪԶָ˺üҩ׷̤Įء
һĮȻʶݡҡҡͷ̽ſڵѵҩ
ش⣬ȴû뵽õԶһ϶Ĵ𸴡
һ£ҽΧһԵİҲסˡ
û뵽ⶾĶݣȻҩ
ԶִҽѧĴѾǵһμˡһ˲㷴Ӧȥϸϸ۲Զеݡ
ֲ򾲡ֹʹĹЧԶͻȻڡ
һе̧ͷԶ˲ݸҩأ
ǸҩաԶԶΪѧϰûеҽѧ֪ʶ
Զ룬ſڵһǮ֣ƤǮǮˮá
ƤǺǰʵ
Զһ£ǰͬ磬ǰʶҩпܲʱС
һֲֻͬأ
̬Զ̽ſڵ֪ң
ͷԶһֻǽзͬȻ治֪ôˡ
Ƥҡ͵
ԭˡ
ǰԣͷ˼ҩԣųɵؿڵ˷ιؽʹ
Զص˵ͷЦſڵˣֱӽˮ庬³ʹ
ûȴ򿪿ڣȺоһ˸˵Ŀģⶾݵҩ
ȻԡԶͷ
վ˳⼸պ۵¿ɷһԣ
ԶһۣݵݸԵĴʾȥһҩ
о綾ô͸ֱӳԣͲڲƭģԶʵ
¶һΪˬЦֵػشӣҪЩͨϰյ򵥣Ҫ˴¡ҵԵ޹ʺҸɶ
ԶҲص߼ЦˣЦſڵģҲẦ㡣
εĿУڽõҩ˹ݵ˸ո˵ҪһµС
Ҫſں£ԶǵǧҪ£³
˵˵ͷԥغ˽ȥࡱںµ˵ϡ
Σеҩܿͼ˵ס
ȺѾȲˣߴٵ㵹˵仰׹ܲã
а˿һۣһҩ³Щ𾪵ҲգĲôˣ
ɴ˫ۿԶȴԷһȻЦ⡣
Χ۵ǺͰһԭأ㱬һҵľ̾
˭뵽ڲԭϸŵĶݣȻһܱβĲҩأ
Ҳ˲ʲô𱰣ϽԶΧʵ£ո˵ǸӷݣǲҲβ˰
Զ̫Ӧԭֱ׵飬Щ޴ص˵ͷֻҪãͿβкġ
ԣȺֱ˰Ǽؽ̸
ǳϣͻԹؽˡԭϵָ⺮䣬µشź磬е˴󲿷ֶͺϹؽڲǵ죬Ǵʹ̡
Զҩ֪жȥʹ
£վԵͼ촽⶯ز֪˵ʲôźá
ԼʱΪؽʹҹ۵˯žԶ˵Ķݱβҩ治֪ҪôԼͲ˸лǡ
ЩԶļϴҪʼˣһС
ͼصص˵ͷԼ˾ƣ²Ļһ̳
Զº͵ص˵ͷȺ˵Ц£ǲ֪ͼСĽƽҪһھưѵúϣ
ɲ
ͼľƵǺúȣ

Զ˵ĴӵЦ̸߻˴ʡ
ӵİжݱ˲ҩƹؽںʹϢһʹľͲ䡣
ʼǻЩɣڳİյ֤ʵ£ܿŷ
ⲻϻ𣿶Գ֤ҩЧǲҲа
ܿ죬ľͲӪʸݾͱ޶˸⡣
һеԶʱⲽԼĴȥļСˣÿ˻жһ̳ӡ
װŵģͼԶϲҪŵľơ
ԶԸգϾʱҲǷǳصƷ
Ǽܲסԭϵ̫飬ֿʵԾֻܾӶ˻
ôô״Щɻʵ
⼸춼д粽ؿСʨӣܳȥŵա˻֪淢ʲô
Զڰ֣Լؽ͵İΪ˸л͵ģ㶼պáʱ뿪ľͲʱǵöϡ
Ӧ£ԶԸ˳Ұ˼
˼֮ǰʱׯһӦĹ£ȴʦһﱸ˴µֽҲԶһĮ
˼ҪΪԶͻȻ𣬺ݵľҲֽš
˼ûԶоͳһλ֮͡
֮ǰΪˬľͲ찢¶
¶һΪԼ֮ǰԶǸ
֮ǰ̫³çֻΪЩܺĴţͶԶƫ
ֱղ»㱨֪ԷľͲһ鷳
ԷϿҵ̬ԶĲɢ˲١
ҪȻΪʲô˼λʮأ죬ڳϴ
ҲԸ֮ǰìܲţЦŽ˰¶ĵǸ
ݺ;ҺҵĲ»ڳԡĿǰҩƹؽʹľͲ仹ҪҺ͵ζҩġҼǵĮУȴ뵽ƺܹ򡣡Զ¶ݵ÷
ˣĮ¶ͷΣԶ˵
ӦģζҩҲĮСҲʲôϡĶֹʹĹЧȴǳá
ڵΪůʩҲϣٶЩؽϵ⡣
ζҩӦǻᱻҪġ
¶¶˼ڵǲζĮܾζҩĵļ۸񣿡
ԶһۣͷˡȻβҩģһϣҪü۸̫ߣȻܿĻǰա
¶ЩؿԶ֣ƵӵǸֵˡ
ƣȴ˿ûΪĮͬų⣬ܵذǡ
ûΪĮĮȥҵİա
ڰյĹذǵݶı֡
ƾĶۣ¶Լǰһ㣬ƽȵضԴеİաԾд󰮵ˡ
¶Щ֣صԶŵԼݵļ۸һķΧڡ
Զ˵ͷˣȵ벿о÷ʱ֪峤
ãǵʲôҪľͲģһҲһƴǡ¶ɫ

˰¶ԶͿʼ˼ֽĿԡ
ǰҲֻżȻһصϣǵ¼ֽŵ㡣жϡֽáʱ̵ȡԾķϤ
˼µĹʱѾ˷ḻֽ顣϶ʵ鼸ΣӦⲻ
ԶͻȻǰϵĽ̸ʱԼΪĮûľֽû뵽գֳɵԭϱ͵ǰ
ֻҪдֽһҪ㹻Ľʵáһֽĳɱִˣ޷ƹ㡣
Զ̾˿޴ʱ˽
к·Ը£˼Զ˸񣬿ڵ
ԶԼļƻϸ˼˵һ顣
˼ſڣӦѡ¸°µʱ䣬±ֽ֤ܽ
ԶͷοԼʹĮֽź̿ʣôֽ۸߰˵Ǯǣ
̬׼˼öһЩϵϸʱͻȻƳϱŵһľ塣
Զָǿľ壬Щʵ:Ǻ
˼˳ԶĿ⿴˹ȥЦŽľ壬ݸԶ͵֮ǰֽϵıʱСһƵķֽ᲻˷ѣ㽫ֻֽҪЩӲճʹáֻױīմȾ˿ľ壬Я
Զ˼ݹľ塣ֻ¶ϵţƳɵӽ̶ֽ棬Ա߻һףӡ
һʱéٿⲻһŴļ
ԼαؾνֽøӽʵأֻҪдֵ׼һľŲþͺˡ
Ӻľ廹ֱӹϣõʱȡʮַ㡣
ˣľ廹ֽܶ𵽱á
Զ˼ܿƵȥ
˼һȻӣЩɵʵ¡뵽ʲô
ԶЦһվ˼ļ򣬡㣬һ⡣
˼Щɻͷ
Ȼ֪Լﵽ˵£ȻԶˣҲˡ
˼˳Զ˼ڵȥֽˣ
Զ̧һӣͬ˼ǡȱʲôȥҰ¶ҪǧҪ
¶Ȼ˵˻ȫðײá
˼һ±Ƶ뿪һԼõԶý취ᣬԼŸС١Сʨӣ̵˯ȥˡ

˼һֽʱҲһˡ
£Ѿˡ
ԶϵĻ̲סļˣʱϢգʲô¾ͽ
ôڲǰ˳֪ԶŸҲΪ
õʳԶȥҰ¶׵ˡ
ľͲפڲԭһǰ˸ҲڵλáȥӦһʱ¶֪Զ⡣
ˣϽԶӭУλ
Զ¶ԭ򡣳ǰհսһ⣬Եɡ
ΪܵԵʣҪ뻻ȡԭĻͱ뷭ɽԽѻ˳ĮǴ׵ĻֶţһĻĹļ
Զʳǿͬ󣬻øʳˣ¶һҲΪ
ȥƽһͷԼԻһʯס
֪·أڵ֪ʱԶҲЩ⡣
һͷԼжٽأֵۣǮʹ⼸ǣ׵ļ۸Ҳһʮġ
ʮΪһʯ۸һͷԻʯס
δҲ̫ˡԶ̾˿
Զ̾¶Ҳ̲סеǳ֪ΪĮ˰ɣʵ·ϵ̫˰
Զ˵ͷţأ᲻һЩ
ԭţأɱ⡣ţļ۸Ӧøһǡ
¶ҡҡͷ˵ţ۹һ߰ǮţҲ󣬸䡣ɹȥģڸвãҲǺܻӭ
Զͷ˼һڵˣǱһĵļ۸׻ţΣ
¶Щȵ̧ͷԶΪһļ۸񻻵Զеױˣû뵽ԶֱӸһļ۸
»ġ֪ƣֻҪһļ۸ɡ¶Ͽҵ˵
Զ˰֣첻ΪҵģЩʳӰ쵽ҡ
⻰¶ˡ
Ϊ֮ǰ¶Զ壬û뵽λƵӲвܣȻ˸
ð֪ô˶ʳģ¶Ͽҵʵ
ԶʵǴ̫ˡ
ľͲܣ¶ԭҲ֪һ
ǵƵӲûʲôʵȨԶǸȥܵӣô˸ԣ
ʹ۰Ͱ͵ؿԶͼõһ𰸡
û뵽˳գգۣʮֱ׼ĺҮ˵һ仰
˵ġڵص׵ܡ
¶״Ҳǻ˸ҪôţҪʲô
аʯ࣬ţţҲǧء¶ʵ󲻵ԶҪôţá
Զ΢Цſ¶ľͲ֮ںóʱÿͷţԭļǮ
¶ԣЩɵԶӡ
ԶǶԷЩţ˳ɹĮܸŵɽͲԭȻЩţһ·Ĵ롣
ԶҲ⣬ֻǵظе˸Ű¶Ĳȥס
ʱ˰¶䲻֪Ҫʲô¶ǴľͲİգлʱĸ
Զߺ󣬰¶оþõس˼š
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Ҳ֪òš¶Щɵҡҡͷ˵ǳˣҶȫŵġϾôǶԭףδܸı״ǡ
ԷԶ
¶ͻȻͣ¡ûȲ¿ѯʣͿͻȻϵľϻȡһʵͣɫЩ΢΢Ƶֽ
¶ɻ󣬰¶ֽݹȥڵֽô
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¶˵ͷʵȥأ
ǶһüǮġƶ
¶ֽŻȥ̾˿ֽ֪λûԭϵƳɵġ
ȻƳɵģһʱûס
֮ǰݺԶͼĮĹϵ
Ϊ˷ֹ֮ٶңεʵԶ˼ԶȺĻԭϽеġ⣬Į֪Զļƻ
ֱ˼һֽ˻ԶŲˣϤ͵˰¶ǰ
ǡ¶ͷһʱҲЩп
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ǲĻԭ洦ɼֽһһ飿ڵ
¶ͷ¼˵ֶܱӵֽ˵ļ;еģţüǮ˵Ҳܳأ
¶˼صͷԶڵֶοɲǴ˵еĵʯɽ֮
ᵱΪʲôʹð޴ķգѹҲҪǳػԶĮˡ
λеӣ治Ѱﰡ
ڣĮǲþҪˡ¶ľ

ʵ¶˵뷨ƫˣԶ˵ҪǵţܻرûصʳҪصڽеϡ
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Ҫⷽ潵ͳɱԶͱ·ƽͨߡЩڵĮ£ҺʱҲ̫ˡ
˵ļƻǣʵţӹţɡ⸬ɵʳԴţļ۸ͬʱҲܽ·;еġ
ĿǣԶջѡɡ
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У˵ԶǲĿ˶Ϊ
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ԶҲԸ˵ĺ⣬ָǽ޳ٰʣĺⶼгɰ׺ıƬ
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Զ˰ָĵϣ͵һɵСʳ˵𣿡
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⼸ϣԶڹ˺üҩ̣ϸ鿴󣬲ҳġ
ȵһ϶ĥúţҲݵòˡԶ˽̳ͬСͻƾƣһ𶪵ڵĴУʮӡ
ԶŹƬɵظ̾ǳƬĲ䣬治
ԶƬó׽ŹƬĴ忪ڵµ¾ӦýȥɣĲ˵Ƭ۲ÿ˶һѺ֣
ԶЦŵ˵ͷ˵һ㶼١е⼴ʹɲͬкãÿһƬĺȶܾȣСࡣ
ȵеȫ󣬾Ͱȫˮϴĭá
˰ʱͳԶǰİϡ׳Сߦѹ顣
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׼õĵȰ赽Զһ˵һߴӰվ
һǽţ·ŻعУС⳴ˮ֡
һճƷԶϸع۲ŹţɫͻĴС
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ȵţʱԶ˰ʢ
Ȳʵ£ˡ
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Ȳһ˲ϸ̾ϸƷʳ
ִżִ࣬ϸϸ׽ܸܵţ⾢ĿڸС
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ԶЦЦԸµ˽͸еİգôҶʡ
ϧе٣ôֻһɺЩϧ˵
ɸʱԶ˳ʮţԼ˲ʮɡ
ǽɳʪһ㣬ЩĻɱʱͻ̡
ڵ֣ԶѾˡ
ΨһĲ֮ɵЧ̫ͣһһɡ
ľͲ䳤ƹţļӹ죬ðƷȡԭʳھͻЧʡ
Զ룬Ψһܴ˹ģǺֶˡҪôĥһ¡
ڵѾԿʼɣ̶ܷ֯ˡ
Զ̻ʵĲ֣ʧЦٳԣҸšȥĮͰ¶
л˵
ַϡ
ŬıСܡ

ݵݲοˡĮݳжƺע͡ݲݺķ״뿪áƪ£ݵҩҩ˵ԴڡйɳĮҩֲһ飬ش˱ע
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


34 
ڵľͲ, Ѿ½½̶ǰ׼һ𽫻ܻȡʳƥˡ
ȥܵ·;ңԶֱĪ, ЩĮѡಿ̿ͽͬУ·ϳʲôҲиӦ
Ϊɲͬĵ̶ɵ̰ڲǻὫԵĻﶼһ𣬵ȵԭ, ٰձƽ֡
ľͲܡ, 󲿷ĮĲ䶼ȵ죬̶Ӷ֮, ٽ
ԶĽľͲ䷢չĮó׵ļɢءЩ̶ӵĵð¶Щ̶ӵĹ뵽Ĵڡ
ԴǰЩӳԶƳɵɺ, ¶ͶԶȻ𾴡ټ϶ԷסũƷӹ߲ƷֵۣԶĻѾŲˡ
ҪǲϹأλҲøԶ뵽Էôһܿɹ˲, ܲںС֮λ, 㬵Ъⷽ˼
ˣԶķԸ, ԼĲ½̶ӵĹ¶޵ԼС
⼸̶ͷһжΤʮˡ
ɫ׾, 沿, Ȼһԭģ
ֲĮ, ԶЩɻؿۡ
¶״, ϽŤͷԶ͵˵ĸױܺĮԭ̿, ȢŮΪ޺󣬱ĮˡΤСڸ̵ϣϤܵķ顣̿죬Ҷܷġ
ԶŻȻʱԭ֮ͷ绹ûôͨҲǳе¡
ܣ˶ˣ㿪ڵνĸλǰһ¡֪󾭲ó;棬λһ·жŴұҸ
˵˵ͷ
Զص۲ŶŵĶΤǵͷ˼һ󣬾ͳԼ¶һȻ΢Ц֪ԷѾԼĴ㡣
ǸˡԶĵ
Ҳټ̵棬ֱ˵˵ˣλס
ʲôף˳ѯʡ
øĻλףȡţ󡣸λģҲõλһԵļ۸񡣡
Զһ󣬶ΤʾԵ̿԰꣬ű㹰˹֣Զ˵ƺȷʵһ˫Ӯĺ¡ô֤»Ļأ
ԶЦſһۣɫ䣬ɳĮ̵ϣϵĸƷļ۸ӦϤ
Τ˵ͷ˵ѰƷļ۸ĳһƷڲͬͬļ۸һ
Զ״ֵˣӦҲֽֽ۰ɣ
Լһĵļ۸񣬲ֽĵط΢ЩΤѿڶȻֽһϤӡ
ԶҪ˵ΤЩԥ
ŻᾩеֽƺԽЩ
Τɻ󣬵Զпúܡ
ʱ䣬ȴʦӦѾʼµֽˡֻޣʹƹ㣬һʱҲֽܵӰ졣
ҲԷԼ֮ǰΪ
װһʲô֪ӿڵˣұ֮һļ۸ֽһ˵ĻΣ
֮һļ۸񣡡
һʱ䣬ʹƽȵɣʱҲ̲ס
Զļ۸һֻֽ㲻һʮǮʹ·;ңԶһҲǴ׬
ңܵгһֽļ۸ԼĪһͷ򡣵˵һͷĳɱһֽ
ʼԶǽ׵ʱ򣬶Τ룬ҪúѹѹۡڵԼ罫ԭļƻԺ
վ޲ǣţԶʽס
¶żǺ˵ˣƲƲ죬ĵû档
ȫȻԼһμƳɵֽʱҲ侲֡
ذըԶɫ糣ɤӣ𽥻ſڵֽ⣬ҽֻһΡȵֽ꣬ܵۺпܻٽʱҲô󡣡
ݲƤһļСȵ䣬ľή֮󣬱ֻܵȵڶ죬µݳúڴոֽ
꣬ȴʦпѾֽƹ㿪
ľͲֽȻԭ洦ɵãֽĳɱɲܵЩֽ͡
һֽļƹ㿪ǵֽʧȥ˾
ˣľͲ佫ֽܵ⣬ֻһ֮꣬ҪҪĮಿ䡣
ֽԶƻ֮顣ܽݶڰյΣѾˡ
ҪĮóеڻҪӹС
ԣЩɥǻΪܿԶףൽܻʳòǶúùءû뵽Ȼֻһˡ
ΤҲЩʧ䣬ǴοԼʹֻһˣҲܶ໻ʳ
̾˿Զ˵ʹֻһνףҲʮԸ⡣Ƿ㣬ȥǣЩưɡ
Զ״Цֻ˵ֽһΣû˵ˡ
Τԣæʵ»ʲôҵȽף
Զڰ֣ʾԵ۸ÿ˶һСɹ
űɻĿڵǵдλǷԸ⣬Ҫȴҳ֮
ΤͷǰһСɢŨĳʳԥһС
Ƭ̣㷢˺Ʒɵİһģһ̾
Ȼ֪ԶôģⶫδҲ̫ó˰ɣ
ζĳʳܣǴܻӭΤ̾
æųɵҲæͷԴζ̶ȱʾеͬ
Τֽһ󣬲ż˵³ŴţƳɵģ
ԶͷĵǽƷ治ţƽﾭԵţ⾹Ȼܱζ
ǲ֪۸񼸺Ρ̫󣬿ҲûкܶܳԵ𡣡Τ˼ſڡ
Զҡҡͷ룺ȻͷԾ˼·ûȫ򿪰
ڵİ±ѽﻹǮɳԡ
ԶʱûŰͨİա
ƶ˾޴ʱ˼ȻѲ𣬵ȥ׬߹ٹǮ
ôҴ׬ǮðճԱҲһϵĽٸƶ
Ȼ˶ûⷽҵɡ
ԶֱӣʼЩ˽ܺӪֶΡ
˼ȻÿܳԵʣܲע⵽ССɡ
Ͼʶ˴óɱһʱСЩ׷ϳʱȵӵǲ
ǳ֮󡭡ΪںܻӭʳͲڵ˻᲻ˡ
˵ԽԽԶЦôǴˣ
Τ˼Զ˵ӪɣһʱûӦ
ͬ£żææվȻԸ⣡
Զ̵һӪɣûȥĶɻѵõζ
ȷ˺Զȥ˴ɵĵط
ΪƻڷչţӹҵԶںͰ¶󣬾Ϳʼ֯մӡ̨ΧǽһĻ衣
Τǵһμɵ̣Щȵظ˰졣
ûѾ֪ˣƳɵɴɿڵʳʡ
Զǣ߼ЩңҪһŵֲǡ
ս˿ЩôʱԱ䣬ѵɣ˼ҵĶżգۻǱ𿴵ĺá
л˵
Ӧûһ£ǻˣǿٿ
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


35 
ΤŷӦ, Լոյ̫ʣɫڨڨջӣȴԶº͵
ѧĻ濴, ѧˣԻȥǲ
ԶԭʹĮɺɵķǡÿΤ¶棬ǰ˵
ϸһ, Щ˻ʺȥƹɵ
ǳ긺ܵĽ, ֱ۵ؿɴĺô⣬Щڸ䣬õΧĴ
뵽, ԶæֵҪǸȤĻͶܿٺòˡ
ΤȷӦ, ؿԶ´˻棬ǵѧɵ
ˣ⴫ΰɣ
Զ΢Цŵ˵ͷ,Ȼԡ
׬Ǯ, еǣαҪܸıĵط¢ϡ
ɵƹȥǵµһҪ¡
, أԶĲ½׶˲, æΧ˹
ҿ
, ı, ˭ҽˣ
Ǳ, ҿˡ

˽żһ, ԱЩªĲ˲ͱó
Τ״æ˳ԼλøԱߵˣվԶԣڵ£ǿɷɻ
ԶŤͷһ۶ΤǴһһ߸ѧϰ𣿡
Ե˵˵ͷǣһ˶һɻҲԲ鷳
ԼͲԸɻȻԸӦοʵѧϰٶֻ죬ֻǡ
ԶЩɵʵӰ쵽̵ʱ𣿡
Į̶ܵӵҪԲԶΪµ˽ĽףǲСʧ
ΤˬʵЦЦԶȻᣬǱҪ˶ųġ⼸Ҳš
ˣǱɣҴ͹µ˵һǡ
ΤԣǹлԶк̶ӵ˵ΧˣѾӦÿչЩѧϰˡ
̫ˣ˸
ԶûٹЩɤž޴ɣת߳ɵӡ
ոոպͶΤ̸ɵļ۸㣬ڵٶȣǺ㹻
ο󻻳ֽźɣͿԽʡһռ
뵽Զ̾˿ת߻Լ
ôˣԶʰĶվ˵
оһ
Զһ߻شһЩɻʵأ
ѾӦֵ֣Իشؽȥˣ˵Ҫŷŷ硣
аɣȥҲá
Զ˵ͷǰʼĥŽĽṹ
ʵԭӣһмķпյ̶Уϲͬ߶ȵĵطֱװͬĵƬһķתͿˡ
ķתķ֣һһֱֱҡ
ǰһַԶ˽ڵұˡ
ҪջȥҪһӲȽϴĵɴеļ޷ϸĵɡ
ҡͱһתİ֣ܴﵽʡĿġ
Զ֮ǰǿһ˼˺ü춼û뵽һʵķӡֻʱá
ڸոգͻȻһµ뷨
ȻԼˣЩרҵľҲ벻
ǳ͸ʽߴ򽻵˵ⷽоأ
Զ˵ɾ͸ɣýдŵľеС
ЩľͲ󣬳ǰæ˼⣬ûκ£óԺúȵдţв
ԶҪæԼܵ뷨
Ȼ𰸲һԣһܻ
öûиЩɥʱͻȻһ˳ڵ£Сһ취ƺС
콲Զɵֱӡ
մ˵˵Ҫһпӵҡĩ˿һ龲ۣٽмһҡԿĿ׶װȥٽʮ龵һװڶˡ
Զ˳Ŵ˵Ĺй滮һ£̾˼ˣɼȽ̶ֱֹϣתˡ
һֱ˼·˿̶ýˮճϣȫѴͳľյǻԺ
ھľһ˵һʱȻʡ
îṹľķ
ԶЦŶ˵ˣߵɺã
ľͷĽĿǰӹԶѻõͼֽ
ʱԶסǵʱһҪϸͼֽϵǻڽĳһ컵ˣֱӻһµĲǡ
·ģСһ
ͼֽһڹͿʼܹĵͶȥˣɾȴǰκһζ㡣
ǵ˼⡣ҶԶǷޱͼֱֽӵݸǸûа˽
һУӵһͼֽ뼸˶ٷˡôܲĶ
ˣ˶î˸ɻϣһԼҲ˵µۣõһͼֽ
еľԶ̱˿ЪϢ
⼸ˡı±֮ǰһ»ࡣоԼǰڹ˾ʱҪæµ
Լ඼õ˻رľͲİϵԼЩҲֵõġ
Ͼ༸գٶա
ȥ˼ǱߵֽĽչʱͻȻǵľ
һ룬һǳɫӰ͵ش˽
ͣ¡ԶڿǴٺǳ
Ǹ˵ϣͱԶˡ
ڵĴΪʳ㹻ãѾ˳ʨӵ͡
ǱôһˣԶ¶´
ٺ˻һ㡣
Զ˻һ˸һͣ£ƵĲ䵽Զűߡ
ԶëָõԴԽôܣŵô죿
ʨӣԡ⼸ѾͲϤˣżҲǲаɡС졣
ԭûֿĵطȥˣҪȥ档ڲҪܺԶվ˵
ȻԼ֪ûйԣ˺ִ͵ġ
ҲԸľͲʱٷǰ
֪ˣԲһˡ
Զͷڰʾڵ֪ĮһЩʲô
л˵
Զ˾á١ֲʺһͷʨӰɣ
᣺οڷѾüûгǰˡ


36 
ڸո, ԶͻȻʶƺѾкüûгǰˡ
²֪ҡҡͷԴǰյ¼Į, ĮƺһֱæЩʲô
ԣԶ˵ͷԸ⼸עЩǱߵʲô쳣, ǵüʱһ㱨
Ӧ, 뿪˴ʡԶһʨӵԴһü˼¡
ʼǵļƻľͲգǰͥ
ֽƳɺ, ԶƳһʱ뿪
ļƻȽҵľͲпȵЩƷܵǰ˵ؽóס
꣬ܽľͲ䷢չΪĮ֮һҪó׵㡣
Էϸ˵ԼĴ, ᲻˼Ƭ̣ͬԶҪľͲפһʱ䡣
Ҳм죬Բæ壬ǡҲɴͬˡ
Щ, ľͲ˶, ӰԶļƻ
ԶʨӵĺлЩӷ£ܾûʱ뿪ľͲ䡣
᲻ﵱȻҲӰԼļƻ, ԷĴ󵨵طչľͲľá
ϾԷĮľвԲͳ, ҲԲһ¡
˵α֤, ɵԼĴڡ򲻵, ԶԲ̽һ˳ŵʵԡ
һ뵽, ԶͲЩü
Ͼһ֮, ·æҲһֱͥĹпǳʲôҪԴ⼸뿪ľͲ䡣
ȻԶԼ֪Ϊһ鲢˼򵥵ԤС
̾һĵﻹãǲڣ¾͵øСġ
ֱ죬ǱҲûϢ
Ľ˼Ѫһظɻ̶ͽʮһľʽ͵Զǰ
⼸ǵԶõÿ˷ǮΪ͡
߰ɣһЩ͵ɵʦԶվ߳˴ʣŻһߵĽ˵һ𿴿Ļ׺òá
⻰ҲٺԶƴǮæŽԶĲ
һеģ˭뿴ԼĶóأ
οǽδŵĻ
Զйһǳһŵӭ
֮ǰĮһͳ졣ϵĲмΪսˡ
սϼһͻľͲ䡣
ΪȽŲ㣬һɲˣֻһֱŲֳľȼù
Զ˺󣬷ȻȽŲ㣬ȴʮϸ¡ΪͳĳҲǵӦ֣ɴһµĸˡ
ȻûпˣһΣ㽫ÿҪ·װסСЧʣ֮ǰ˲١
Զûжվԭأ󣬲ŽеĽø
࿵Ľ
Ϊͳ˧һĽ죬ҪغƽȵĶԴǳͬʩᡣ
ˣԶദʱ;һѰԴ
£ѵ֮ǰ˵Ŀе࿵ϸǰľͷƳɵԲͰҡȦ
ǡԶͷ˰ѽڿеİϡ
ʮͰذڷһ𣬿Щ׳ۡ
ɻҲæеĻƣˢˢΧš
£ﳴûûɡ࿵һСƷݵԶǰ
ȥ԰ɡԶЦʾľ򿪸ӡ
ļƻľͰһȦƣù̶סƬֱ
һľļƻһַ
ֻҪһۣһתø˿ϷĺľͰϡ
ľƵùһʱĥ𣬵۵ʹͳˡ
ˣԶԼļƻͼֽϰƸĳ˿ۡ
ɱľͰУ˸ϸӡ
࿵ڴĿ£ס֣ʼҡֱ
ʼЩת˼Ȧ󣬶࿵ĶԽԽ˳
һӣԶ㿪ڵ򿪸ӿǲѾʺˡ
࿵ŽɵͣЩɵؿԶ
ŵ£ʵʱδҲ̫˰
ҪɣƽҪһ̲ЪСʱɡ
ҡ˰ֱܽȫã
Ȼﲻ̫ţ࿵ǰԶֽӴ򿪡
࿵ڴؿȥȴڼͰ˲㾪ԭء
Ŀ̳һɣó˹ۿ
ȻѾˣֱţΧ۵˵ľȳ̶˿ڶ࿵
򶨵ĵԶˡ
ֻŲæؿһ۽ʺõɣȷû󣬱㿴࿵ʵոҡֱʱ÷
࿵ڶԽٶȵУһʱûӦһ²ŻŸոյĸоڵʼǾЩҡһ󣬱ˡ
Զ˵ͷҲ֮С
ϾҪôһЩʼҡʱЩ
Į׳껹ǸŮѰ˴һЩҡҲ̫
ˣұЩȥðɡԶɵ˵
Զ⻰˶Ͻȥ
Ͼ˭ֻðӱܽʺɵأ
࿵𾢣涨ÿֻҡӱҪһʹá
ԶŻЦŵˣЦҡҡͷ߳ӡ
ȴû뵽Ȼһˡ
£Է
Ŭѧϰ켼ĶΤ
Զתӣˣѯʵʲô£
Τһ֮׳ԶʱϾȻЩŤ̬
¿ɷѡû˵꣬Щ촽
ǲܷѽҲ㣿Զ¶ɫĶΤЦ˵
ˡΤŵػش
ҲǲУֻװöƳɵĵƬķܷ£һɱɲ͡ԶЦſˡ
ⷬ󣬶ΤȻ¶֮ɫ
Ȼ󣬵ҧҧҲǲܽܡѵΤĮûԶվտľ
̾һЩʧص˵ͷ
Ҫǲγ㹻ʳأ
ĳɱ߰Ҫǳǰƺ㹻ɣҲϲǫ̂Զ¶ʧ䣬ο
ףֻǾܴƹˡĻڶǰ֪ɣܡΤ̾˿ֻǾѵãĮཱིˡ
еġԶЦſΤǸο˵̬ƶңڲõĽͻеġ
л˵
᣺֪ûڹҵ١
Сܣ˭Ҳ˵


37 
ֹ˼, Ǹ㼸ʮ˵Сڰɸ˳
Τָ˽һ̳̳ɶװϳʱԶڶ࿵Ĵ£ȥȦ
, Щ̶ӻȺˡ࿵ָȦʤ򣬶Զ˵
ڼǧͷ˷ĽУԶѵõĳĬˡ
ȻһСģô
Τ׵ľ, ĲڸԶԼûôʡ
, Ҳǵһμǰⷬĳ
ڸܵĻУһԻӶࡣΪԭϵ͸С, 䡣
ڣ̶ӵĳװŵĶֽɡ
еһԶġ
ʣµһ, Զġ
ԶṩǷ׬ǮԶ֡
йԵĹ㣬Ҳû뵽Щܻô
ԶַЩؿͼΧĻ˵Ⱥ
, ҽЩ, Ը𣿡ԶЩؿڡ
£ǲ, ľͲİҲġ࿵ʧЦ
ҲǰԶĬȦ׳Ĺζӡ
ЩǣĹѾɵ, ʹҲٳ, Ҫװ״ϲϵķ, ֻɱ⡣
ǲԭϵİҪ, ֱһֻԼ򲻾ͺ, αҪأ
Ҫôֲ
Զüͷ塣
ǵĻľͲİտ϶Ըġ࿵Զ
ΪΣԶЩɻӦòҪ򰡡
ΪҶ𾴺Ͱ¡࿵һԶ׼뿪̶ӣǰҽ˻Ƕݣ˶˹ؽϵĲʹǸɣǶ˵üǮǹҲ䡣
ԣǵʲôҪһģҶȿֺȥæءֿȫǰշĵ뷨
ԶԣϽö࿵ͷ
ԭҪưյΪ˸лԼ±Ҫ󣬾Լıⱳˡ
ˣҪЩѰ·ˡԶ˼š
֮Ҫ뿪ľͲ䣬ʵǴǧͷ
ҪҰЩ벿ɡԶЩ˵
ȻǮֲɢͯӡ
ЩֵǮҪˣҲЩۡ
ΪΣ࿵θɻʡ
˶೤ʱ䣬ұҪ뿪ľͲˡԶ̾˿ôҴߵġ
ԽԽӶ࿵۾¶
Զǵ¹ͼ˰ŲͺˣΪҪأ
ԶһʱûӦ
˵ʱǲԭϵİæµʱʶΪûоȥˡ
ҲæŸһӦùͲ˰ɡԶЩɡ
࿵ЦȻԡľͲ䣬Ҳ˶ţЩҾƶģƽͿάء
ԶŻȻ
ǰŴҶڷʶΪ˶ˡ
¿ɻǵǰЩæŵʱ򣿡࿵ʵ
ԶͷսʱɵǼֱæýŲմء
ǵȵЩ˲һЩ
ʱұǹ࿵ЦŽ͡
ˣ鷳ҹЩЩɡԶָָǰȺ
࿵Ӧ£Ⱥ̾˿ֻЩ㹻ˡҲٳ⣬Ҫ²ٲϡ
⵹ȷʵԶͷʾͬ
˭涨ļֵһأ
ʵΪԼ֧ǵĶ࿵οصģȵ괺յʱǴô
֮ǰԶϸǹ¡
ڵİ򣬳ȥһСΪԼʳ⣬󲿷ֶΪܡ
ܽ׵ũƷͲҪЩˡ
ЩԶͰԼעëϡ
ڵҲռһЩë骷Ƴëձֻڸůʱһá
ҪԭǣΪ˸õıů֬ëϡ
֬ȴܶҳӲݣ鷳
ˣǴֻǲݲһ£ƳɵëձȻҲ㲻ϸɾ
һԭ򣬱ëձĹջʮƳëձɫһҲһ㡣
ԶƻһЩ۸ķ
ֻıƷռڻڵȴǵķء
뵽Զ̾˿
չ·ضԶ
ëļһھʮ·ݺĴ졣
Զֻܼϣ괺쵽ǰҵģİ취
һԵĶ࿵в֪ԶеǳԶŲɣȻҲżʹǲԭȺҲڶԷ˴á
ֻΪʲôҪȵأڲ𣿶࿵Щż
ԶѾתˣֻѹԼĵĺ棬ȥ
£̰ĶΤѰأ
ԶûͿӭ߹˵
ôˣǻʲô⣿ԶЩɻ
ǵġ¸æҡͷǶΤҪˣ͵𡣡
ãȥɡȷ˲ǻԶһŲ뿪Ȧ
ȥ̶ܵѾװ
ԶΤæ첽߹
׼𣿡Զڵ
ϡΤ˳ԶĿ⿴ȥһ̶ֱӣѯʣ¿ڵЩ
ԱߺͶΤͬеԣĳϵĹӣЦſڣ´ɲصģЩ˶ζˣ̵һüǮġ
Զһ£˳ǵĻ˵ͷλġ
ʵողûڵɵ⣬һֱǻôܴģƳ
ȻѾ˲ľңźܴľ롣
ˣɽǰ·аοԼ
ʱ˶˼׾ơ
ղԭĹأΪеˣҪⱭƣΪԶеף
ˣ±ףλ˳죬ƽԶѻ·һߣƱŶΤһ˵
л¡ԭϴ̶ӵĶǺ
ԶԶ
Զ̶ӻ뿪˲ԭ
£ǲҲҪ׼뿪ľͲˣ֪Ķ˳վԶ
֪ԶԶ̶ӣҡͷ
⻰ڷܶԷԼȷʵ֪Ҫʲôʱ뿪ľ͡
ʼںʱûἰʱ뿪⡣
ڣֱʧľͲԭϣѯʵĻҲûˡ
ڶ뿪뿪ʱ䣬ȫһ֪
ǡҲûԤϵԶôֱ׵ĻشԼԭأһʱ侹֪˵ʲôá
ĮǱߣûϢ𣿡ѯʡ
л˵
᣺ŹҵϢȻҡ

еŶǹҪˣٿ-ôô
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


38 
ûС˶, ش
ԶЩ⣬մ㿪ڣȴԷ˲, ˿ĵطһơ
Ȼɫ糣˵˾䡸ûб˰ɡת˴ʡ
ʲôˣջصʣԶѯʵ
ӻȡһ, ݸԶ, ɫ࣬£Ǿӻˡ
ʲôԶ, æнӹš
Ȼ¼פڻ㡲ĹϢ
ԽɫԽ
䲻ͬѱ䡣
һѱ䶼һͳ˧ġ
䲻ͬǾеʿ֯޼ɵԷġ
Ȼѹ, ԭȴҪȻпܾʹ
һӳֻԭ˿ãͳ˧ģڲì⼸֡
ЩӦöĮľг֡
Զüͷв鵽ӻԭ򣿡
𻺻ҡҡͷĮǱ߰Ϣúʵ, ӦǺϢֻŻǱ֮á
Զ̾˿, ĵֻ´±֮ɿٿصġ
жѸݡϢǵʵġ
㡲ڵ˭Զ˼Ż㡲, ڡ
ǰһСӣ̨شò˼
㡲ڼǰΪѱ䱻ֶѹפľҲӦĵϵӲǡ
ѵεĴ̨Ϊ˸ϵеΪ
ĸӹϵ̫õԶʾ, Ѿسˡ
ǲµԶ뷨, 𿪿ڵ̨׵Ĺϵܲ, һֱͥϵСһ, ҲȽ·, ŸĮġ
ԶĬֻ̧ҡҡ̶һ
죬ͻȻһɻ󣬼ȻѾ㡲ε֪أ
Լûδ֪ڵ֪ǰҲֻǷԸһ䣬һǱߵûϸϲ顣
Ȼˣô֪ϸأ
ֻʣһֿˡԶĵ
ǾЩϢġ
ԶĦе˾٣Ϊأ
˵ʲôЩɻؿԶ
£ȥɡԶҡҡͷµסеһʱЩ׽͸뷨
¸ˡԼóȱ˵뷨
οվǰĻԶֶıǵ˲š
ֻ֪ԼֻҪյµķԸȥɡ
ߺоֻʣԶһˡ
Ŵٳȥˡ
ڵĴÿ쾫쳣ʢԶ⸱Сʸģֻ཭죬ÿȥһͨ
ڿյתһȦԶǾ˾Ϊ̽Լûͼı죬ͼŻ䲻
ʱڵΪȷʵѸľͲ˲СܳһѰĽܷΧ
֮ǰйŵ
ԶԽԽķջǾҧҧ˰¶С
ôˣ¶ˣЩϲط¾ףվ
ŵҲϲơ
ڽԶӭλ󣬰¶ԸһƣƵǰ˳һ䡣
Զٱһھơ
ݹľһģһζ
ô֪Цſڵ
ԣ¶ѸƳһ˭ҳҲעܽҸ͵ҵľơ
Զ㿪ڣԷҷ֣˵ǵϲұûټƽϡ
žƱĶ˲͡
ô׵ذˣԶЩš
²⡣¶Цοƽûٴ˳ƺȣϰˡ
ǰˣԶ״ѯʵƺĮϵܺã
⻰¶һ£Զ˼󣬲ӵؿڣӵѾ֪ˡĮε£ҲԸŵǸĮϣʹߡ
ȻǾ䡸Įε¡лɵ̬ȣԶϣŰ¶Ľ
ʼսĲ̫Ĳ𡣲һΪȥʧȥǵֳ
µȴԶԶسԶԤϡ
Ϊڳͷ˰¶һٱ޺Ӧýˡ
ȴû뵽ȻĸֱԴ˷ռľͲ佫֮һء
ʮǰľͲҪÿˮݶӡ
ŲԭĺӺޣţȺո㡣
ֱڵľͲԭϡ
ʱĮǿʢܾµһνԭʱҲפĵطû£ܼˡ¶̾˿
ԶüͷôԽԽûбôأ
ŽеɻʳڣȴҡҡͷõȷʵĮ޹ء
ȻûйϵԶЩؿ˰¶һۡ
رռҲ˶ĮһԹޡ
ԭɻûеõ·ˡԶĵ̾
˵ЩˡʹѾ˼꣬ѹʵã¶ﻹһʹ
ͷƱеľϤ£ǿ˸ЦԶ½ͻȻǰʲô𣿡
ԶǿѹеǺͲ²⣬ڣҲûʲô£ֻǽĮڲ䣬±㲻ԾϡˣŹ죬֪Į٣
˵⻰Զװӣתתϵһ顣
ȴʼղе˰֡
ǣ⻰˶û¶ɫ
¶һãȻ
ֻԶ˵ʵҲ̫ôͻȻ뿪ˡʱֻ˵мҪȥһ֮
е˶ݼȺǱûڴ϶ơ
ô̽ԼԼ춯֪ܲͨ¶ϡ
¶嶯ʺ¡һһıĻ߸
ڶûС
еǺͲ˴룬ԶԶЦЦˣҲһܵȵȥ̶ܵӻ
̶ʱߵĲһ·˵ҪһЩҲ졣ӦԼ뿪ǰ
¶˵ͷ˳Ļǿԡ
ȷ᲻ô̽Զ˼Ʈ˾ӻϡ
ֱԷѯʣԻع
֮ǰʲôҵ󣬿Ҫȵ̶ӻУ
л˵
᣺ҿŶ˼䣬ȻҾҪ޹ŰϷˡ
л¶̹ϣΪرڲ͵ľơ


39 
, Զ˵ͷȵ̶ӻ󣬰տе, Ǳ˳µˡ
¶ȻԶⷬ⣬ʶȤûг
ڸտʼӹʱҪľͲİնȥûȴ⵽ķԡ
, ¶ΪԶԸðѧżա
ʱԶĸνʮָ, һĸлսݵĻһΪ¶Ĵ١
ʱȰסˣûΪһʱ嶯ԶҪ˵, Ȼ˶Է
ǲµ˰¶Զڵ֮ǰ֮ԲԸɵ, ΪϾһʶд档óȻƹ㣬ҵĻյĲȵҶȥС
ԭˣ˼ȫʵ¶Ȼ
, ұ̶ӵĺϢˡ˵
Զͷ, ̸˼󣬱뿪˰¶Ĵʡ
ȷ᲻ǹԼȦ֮, µ˳¶Ի㡲ӻһµĹע
ӻһҪϼӱܡ
̽飬֮˵Ļ, ˳Լ鵽㡲ȥ
˽ļ, ԶװһԴº޲ģÿճ, ѰЩ羰ĵطй䡣
ΪԼȵض̶, ȴ뾹Щ֮ǰˡ
컹δ, Զ˴ʡ
ǰ˵ɽһƬԿԭƯճ
ˣԶʱȥ￴
û뵽ԼǣӪʡһ̧ۣ㿴Զǣһˡ
ˣԶûüѯʣͿΪ׵һ˽ݸԱߵĲ£ŴԼ
Զ۾͸ϸ΢Ĺߣڿ˵ݡ
ôôˣԶѹЩȵʵ
Լʧ˽һµĮᡣ
Ϊ̫ȣԶһʹþơ
ȴ˿ûԶ˵Ƶģô컹δͳˣ
Զָָ̧ԶڣľͲ˵ճƯұȥ
ͷۻȥ֪Ĳµ˼ʲôֱǣԼˡ
ԶеʧҹɫС
Ϊ֪òðԭƻ뿪ԭʱͿԼ֡
˵Ǵط֪ǱЩƫƧ̫ҡҴȥɡ
ЩɳƣԶ²Ϊҹ·Եʡ
ĬĬ룺ȥҲһģҪȥϢɡ
ûԼ֯ԣͿߵǰ棬һ׼·ӡ
Զֻ̾˿Ĳ
һ·ԣֱµͣһƬҰѿܵɽϡ
ˡᷭԶߵһĨɫڵ
ȻϵľɫмֻӰԶĵƽѾʼǰס
ٹãܿ׳ˡ
ԶҲϽǰȥ
ĿͶԶʱͻȻһʵĴС
ԶŤͷȥֻ᲻֪ʲôʱȡһɫĺƤ멣˿Լϡ
ͣ며ɡ
Юɽϵ
ԶûоܾΪȷʵûй¶ȣе㵥
Ƥëżĺ⣬ȴůڵġ
££ϵƤãˣزĲԾ
Զоһ֪Լòö¡գںõůа
̾һ᣺㡲⣬Ѿˣ
ûԤԶѯʴһ㣬Ƕ˶٣ſڵѾˣȺ󴦾˴Լҵʿ
ԶüһĹж֪ġ
ʱһϸĹѶȲںһľѻ֡
ĮĹҪʮϸ񣬲ҪҪöع
¾ѾʮˡԶľ
ԭأһĲ²⡣
ûлش𣬹ǣ漰ĮڲȨᣬ±ùʵġ
ȻϴЦֻЦݲÿ֪жǿ
֪ΪΣԶͻȻ𼸷ַꡣ
Լԭʵֱ˵˵˿ڡ
ӦǵҸľͲʱó̼ٷͼĮ֮ìܵǸˣԶûκ̵ʵ
ƽԲֻԼȷʵЩ
Զô룬Ŀȴûһ˿ԥ
Ĭû˵
ĳĬѾǴˡ
ȷ˴ԼйغԶ
˿ƽ̹ĵط£̧ͷ˵ϸ˵˵ɣҲ֪˭ôȲҪء
һĨõĹų֣ҵصȼΧϼԶеճ֮Ҫƺƴ
Ի͵ľɫУһЩͳԶ˵һС
ԼĵǷֺ̤Įصһ̣סˡ
ЩǶԼи֣ðն񣬽ìͷֱָһдᡣ
ȴû뵽ױ㱻Զˡ
һƲɣǡԼľͲһıӮյ𾴡
ȻĻԶҲЩ˲Σֱº֣߻ⳡڻ㡲ľ䡣
ֻҪӵԼǵļƻ˴롣
Զļƻ粽Уʿᣬѵľء
˵ǸݽɫԶɵü
û뵽̬ȣһʱЩ²Լв𣿡
ľȣԶ˿⡣
ϾԼһʰȱ
ٶԷϧüʿԼ£η塣
ʧˣԼ治ˡ
ԶǧҪ̫ˣʧġ
ỹǵһμģԶ˼׷ɣȴû¶ֺˣǲˣ𣿡
ԶֳһҰǰꡣ
СóԼӲĵףֱһ˳ܡ
Զʣ۵δ⣬Ϊأ
ԷпǮǿ׳˾Ҳôְˡ
Ựеβ֪٣Զȴû˿⡣
ǱҪ˭һˡ
ԭԶĻش𣬴Ժ⡣
л˵
᣺㣬ŵģû뵽ˡ

֮һž޵ˣ˭أ
ûжˣһͷ·
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


40 
һμԶʱ, ǸȻº͵ģ
ˣ⻹һμԶεر¶Լķâ
᲻ɵĿƵؿԷ
ʵʣƵƵԶɨ
Զ÷, Щͷվ
ȡֽõĺһǰ£ʵ𣿡
ǽθܣר˿õġذںʵĿڴ, ֱڻɢ
᱾ǳҹ۲Ÿ˻, ֹ˲Զ˴˴ͼѡôֵܵסǰɿڵĺջ
ԷעеĺϣԶųһ
֪Ķֱ̾ơ˱ž, ˸ɾ
ʱ
ԶһԶõĺգϵĲм, ȥɣ
á˵ͷڲԶвݵƥǣ˻
Զ͵ʶĮƺǣٴ
ǣ£Ϊ, һĮȴޱȻ
Զ뿪ھܾ, ѾݵԼǰ촽΢ջǰƴǵĻ˻ȥ
СܵƽȵĽ, ǧҪ𱰹˼ݱˡ
ԶĬ˼飬˵Լ, ӹ, ͱø߸ϵĮ뿪Ƭɽ
ʱһȦ, ɽһƹġֻΪʱɫ谵, ûע⵽Χľ
, ֱȥ;УԶſԶӲɽ
ԶƵƵɽͣסָ·ʱһʵѩɽԵ˽ܵѩɽĮɽסĮ񡣡
Զ˳ָķŤͷȥ
ֻԶѩ屻ĺһõıɴãĲԭӳ

ɽϵĻѩ겻ɽȴļ紺֮ǰֻ࣬ǰƬɽС
Զǰľ󣬲ɵضỰеɽ˾޴ĺ档
ٿʱԴ˼ȸԾȥɽ𣿡
ԣʧЦ¿һ仰
ʲôԶЩɻ
ɽ¡ҡҡͷЦſһ۷·ǲԶѩɽȥɽƥҪ߲ݵܸҹС
Զû뵽ǲԶѩɽȻôľ롣ЩźջߣǱ˰ɡ
еԵʧ䣬岻ܿһ㣬˼ؿڵȵգ¹ȥ
⻰Զһ£ҡҡͷ
ʹӱޣҲҪյĹ
뿪ľͲʱҲܽˡԶ˶׵ﻹмյĿȥ;ء
Զһۻڵ͵ᣬ˵ҪҪȽʱȥɡ
Ҳʶڵ״˵ֻǵ˵ͷ˳ʱ·߻صľͲ䡣
ȥе׾Զ⣬ľͲ˶֪еĿģֻʱ뿪
ˣ˶˼ֻţһ˽ӷ⣬ľͲԭǸæµƽ͵ģ
֮ǰ뱾˵Ĺģͽó׵ʲô˼һպԶУļƻ
ԶУľͲÿˮǨ㣬Էʽ϶ǳ֮ơ
һǲͥĹϽģʽյҲܲһ쳣ͻʲôȻֺǱʧȥĲݳ
ˣڵľͲԭҲǸˮݷĺõط
ˣԶĹ滮ľͲ䵹ֱӷתչũƷӹĵλ÷չҵ
ƻϾǸ󹤳̣ʵʩѶҲܴҲֻԼһ롣
Զļƻü˼á
ȵԶеĲˮ˵ʱڿڣ¿֪˾ٵķգ
ڵʽľͲľϮ˰ġ
꼴ʹǰĮռǴ󲿷ֵûиıǡ
ⷬٴ룬νð
ԶȻ֪ڹʲô
̾һڽ͵Ǩܹ鲻ǳ֮ƣҪĮܳõͳһͱðȶҲðеơ²һ͵ġȵܵóȶ֮ʱıҲ١
ǰǲòѡһȵľҲԸÿ궼ڲԭֹǨ㡣
ȻҲٷԶı
ڿЩΪʱ磬ȰеһЩЩûţİԶ˵
ǿУֻǹ⿿еĶ̶ܵӡ˼ſڡ
ֻǸʼԶĵƾЩȻǲġ
ļƻ̫οҲûȫʵС
ֻһһˡ
ԶͷͻõͼֽݸᣬƻҪģ
е⣬ƻеţɺ⸬
׼ʱҲ衣Զ͵
ͼֽЩеɱƺЩ̫߰ˡ֮ǰѾͰ¶ϸ˽µȻ֪ԶʱƳһĶ
ͼֽϣƵеֹһ䲻֪ǵľôǿ֪ɱ͡
ڵ£ģˮߵ϶ǲеģǰڻǵÿԼĽΪ
Զ̾˿ãɱҲ߰
ĹȻס̫󣬹̫٣ÿһԶҪн
Ȼڻ޷е˭˵Ҳû취Щأ
̫ԭ򣬲Į󿪲ɳĿʯ̫
ǰȻҪұսһ֮߻Ǻ׽ġ
ڹǵļմǰʦѧϰഫġʱһһҲмͽܡ
ķ֪ҪȶòĮˮƽ
ܽһѧУأЩֳɵʦ𣿡
Զⷬƻ᲻ɵԭء
ǰֻ֪ԭ˵ЩԺѧûѧʲô徭ٵĵȴûԺȻҲ
ԶһľȵɫЦһȰο˼벻Ҫô˭涨Ժֻܽϰʥ˼أ
˼ſڵЩԸ𣿡
ϾӡУЩļնϸܵġԸѧ
ԶЦЦͿ׵ˡ
ʱλ㲻϶ߣԼļҲһı·ˡ
Ͼûصģû˼ôȥͳ⡣
ĮûĹصģȻҲνġʿũ̡ĵȼλ֡
ûϵѹȻ轫ԼٲҴš
Įʱ䣬ԶܿеĹΧһΪĳࡣ
ο˵ֻе¸صĴеĴǿѧҪԶֽ֯ǵļձд̲У˵νһ޴ջ
еˣ˭ԼǧţΪأ
ԶǸгģʶرͬļƻ
л˵
СܣǶѩɽж棬ҪǱˡ
˭᲻һֻͨѩסͣڼϻŵĺأ

Ǳȡ
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


41 
⼸շ, ǼҵĮ֮ƺǰ˲١
ʱԶæҪҹŻȴȴоˡ
쵣Զ, ȥеĴѯʡ
ԣЦԵɡ
Զ඾δ壬ŵڵಡҲģƢԵʡ, Ȼ֢֮, ȴ˲١
ⷬ㲻ؿԶæµʼעڼ֮гϡ
뿪ľͲ, ҪֱǰĮͥˡ
ͥԭǨĲ䲻ͬһ̶ȲڻᾩĶǡ
ͥΧפʮ׾, Щ˱ЩĮƵƵܽа̡
ȴûйעЩڶ࿵˵ͥľͲ仹ҪͰȫעΪԼҵ±ůĴҵϡ
ԶӲȳˣη˹Ӻ¯Զĳϱ߰˸Իơ
ʱ·ȻǲġЩżʱ, ͷԶеķ, ֪ʱһʵĺë멡
Զ⼸һֱŽæµѾʼĳȰ, ڵ״޶á
ֱһɫĴ멳ǰϲڳ˼ֱɫ
쿴Զ, ѯʡ
˶, ԶЩǼ,Įһ, һֱûҵỹ
û, ŲΪԼ˻ȥ
һ⼸ĮǵеƵʣʮַܵص˵ͷˣСıȥĮ͹ȥɡ
ԶԣæӦ£ھȥɣʡĴæˡ
첻ñˡ
ʱбһ멣ʱе·ֱӷ
ԶݵñȽ컹ߵƤݣطеıʣǡʲô
Ǽѵؽе·һߣתͷԶ͵ЩĮСûģ˵һ·䣬µ׼·񣬱СİЩˡ
⻰˵ΪԶһԼմ·ִ඼ЩʵĽۣĮˮɱĶﻹЩġ
̧ۿһ۽챧һƤݣ⿴ɫֵ֪ơοлһƺһŰƤƳɵ̺ӡ
ͲǼ۸ˣһİƤжѵԶһ
ָ֪һƤϸʵĴУ׼˵Ա߿ڵ¿Ǿ̫ˣ
û߶¿ɱôáĮ£ɱЩˣСȻеƣİնأ
ԶûͣЦŵͷоԼһͼֽȥˡ
᱾һƽĽףжڶԷһ˵
ֻԷƷȷʵǲˡ

ڽææµµ׼·ϵĶʱĮľݳڣҲѰһƽ
ݵĹһ壬Ǻµĸҡ
Щó裬һҲǸˮǴߣһԾԭûŻΪ˾ֿȵҡ
֧һƽƽĴӣ̵һмĹְ
ڵֵڷл˯ʱһСŻŵ˽
ةĮ̶ӵˡСЩż
͵£㼱ʲô׷ŵһ£ԭ˯ҲܵһɶЩõ˵
ǰǣǵĻСиëһż˵˵
׷ûػ˻֣Щţ󣬷Ų𣿡
СڰͷֱˣæشǰǴļֽĻûһͷ󰡣
˵ʲô׷һͦϷǰСɿˣȷʵдõֽţ
ǧȷˡСصص˵ͷ
׷ͷ΢òŶСԸȥһҿ£ȥҴ硣ǵһҪ
СסС͹׷ǰų˷ţͬ첽ȥ
ǹȻھţϾȲЩӪ˼Ҵ񣬼ִǮܰպᣬ˵ܴ׬һʡ׷˼
Сӭһڵ̶ӹ£в֪׷룬Щ㷲ؿΤѯŶԲߡ
ȵСߺ󣬶ΤŶ˵λĪҪĻšûǣǲ鷳أ
ɻĴߴ£ΤŰԶǰķԸ渵
Ѱһ㣬ױΪжѰһ˺
νóңοϵĴ
ˣΤŻܵĹʱ©һֽΪΪż˵Ļм׷ע⡣
ΤĽͣųһ
벻Ƶ¾δѣЩҲΪǼƻˡ
ܿǱӭĿ
Զڵ̸мɹȻƬ̹򣬱һ͵ļ۸żҴɴ˽ס
ʣµļʱǱ㰴ռƻеӪԣͶżһ𣬰ƵЩҴǰ
ִҲûй˵ڴܿΰסЩθ
йɵĲʽЩͲǶΤһҪעˡ
ΪʳƥҶĳ̤˻Įĵ·
Ŵ磬ΪҪ򼸳󶹰·ϣһ̿ЩɻضԶΤʵ
󶹿㲻ʲôõʳԶ˻ᵼ
ܣ󶹵ļ۸ͼһЩرƶ˼ңûʲô˻ԴΪҪʳ
಻֪ΤҡҡͷڶԷɻĿ²ǵҪһġ
ε°ûˡʹɻҲûٷʡ
Զ԰ݱɰֽţҲСΪ
ĳ˵Ѿࡣ
Զȷʵúÿһⲻ۵Ķӡ
л˵
СܣΣ˿


42 
׼뿪ľͲǰ, Τһ˲ڴĻƺƵػصľͲ䡣
⻹ľͲİյһμ̶˻ôúϲ£, һԵΧȥ
ʲȥЩ滻ôһæʡ
ʲľͲ̶ӹ£𽫰ѻĻˡ
Ŀյʲشǿɲ, Щ, ǵɺֽأ
ԣ¶һŵı飬òŵ˵, ǲҲɣ´Ǵȥˣ
Ȼܡʲͷ,㲻ڵѧô𣿲껻ʳ㹻˰ɣôϢգ
˺ٺһЦܵܲǻ¡
Ҳǡʲͷ
ߵæΤҲûţһܰԶѰ˹
, ĴҶˡΤһԶ㱨ܽ, һǼƶǰ
ʳǼ۲٣ôǼۣԶ˼۸, Щɻʵ
֪֮ǰڻءҲǰЩ˶, Щ⼸ܰﶼԣ, 򶹸Ե, ǮҲȥˡΤ͵
Զͷʾ˽⡣⼸µûٴľ, ˰, ܲܳԱ˸⣬ĻǮ򶹸ԡ
ôЩֳԲΤڰǺüʳ˿ڡ
ʼΪԶһĳʳõôඹӣ
ÿһӶнһʯ⼸ӣܶѳһСɽˣ
ôһأԶЦſΤҾͲ𣿡
ش󶹣Τһʱе㷢£ôҲ벻еĵ
Զ򿪳װŴ󶹵Ĵӣץһϸϸţ˳ԷԼոջ˼
룬ţƳȥǮ˼
ԭ˼
ΤȻ򡣲ţƳڵɣԶ֮ǰ˵ɡ⸬ⶹƳʲôأ
Ƕɣ
Щ׻ʳ˵ܣĮֳԲඹƷ
е˵ںԶֽ̧󶹷˻ȥЦ󶹰Ķɶȥˡ
ҪƳռ⣬ҲǱزٵԭ֮һ
ڣ֬ļ۸Ҳ㲻ϵö֬ɱֻӸ߲¡
Ҷ֬ҲĮҪ֬Դô
ˣŰע˴һָߣǮֱ˵ϡ
ֻǹôΪеĲ֬ȽϸߵԭƳķп̫׳ͣϴëҲ㹻ˡ
ڳ͵ķ΢Щ֬ɣܱȫö֬û㡣
ңեͺʣµĶҲвôϣǷͳɶʸǲѡ
ϻϣͿ֮Ҫˡ
ֻĻңңڡЩҲ֪ܸܲǰóԶɵ̾˿
ĻѧƼҪɶɶûеǲʵֵġ
˵òľȡԭĲľңԶҲشµˡ
ΪҵġҪô򵥾ͱδҲ̫ˡ
ԶֻοԼ
ӦĮĸ䶼Ϥɣ¶ԻѧƼִͻȻһͬҪ¡
ʱԸصķòϤĪڳⱼˡ
ȻΤŵĵ˵ͷ
Ȼ󶹵òó򡣵۶ĮصϤ̶ȣǿǿ
ֵͥأԶѯʡ
Τ˼ػشȻСڵľͲԭ¶Χһȥ֡ǲܵͰˡҲ֪Į䣬ﶼ׳ɻطҲʹǿЩͺҲܵͣȥܻ
ԶͷĵӦòֹô򵥰ɡ
öΤϸһ£ܺͺһһӦ
Ȼμлʺֲͣﵥһֱ嶾ȫ
˼ˣԶоԼļͷ˼֣Щ̾ĳϵĴ󶹡
󶹰Ϳˡ
ֱԶ̤ȥͥĵ·ʱŷ֣Լ֮ǰ̫ˣȻŸء
ֻǰѰأ滹һ㱡İ˪Ѿûһ
ԪΡ轡ӡɳ桢
ʼɿ޲͸ɺμҪоüֵԼǵԭʱһЩɻ
ôˣ
ԶǰأɫԽԽѿߵߣЩɻʵ
Զָǰأصؿڣͥض𣿡
ϸصлһ˿˿ľ
Ȼǡƶ񤣬ݲҲûʲô˾סȻ֪ԶΪôʣǾϸػش
ǾͺáԶɫһɡ
Ҫͥض㣬ǳǼȥιɡ
Ϊ֮ǰĴݲԱȣԶͥʱȻã㲻
룬еþȲǣ
ǿ쵽ʱն˳
ӵ־ԭɢĲһ㣬ԶľͲǼµʱ㴫Į
ʼľͲİһԶһЩ΢ĵ⡣̶Ӵ˱ʳľͲ¼֮ЩνĲɢˡ
ͶŵĿ˺ڴ
Ҷ뿴ǴƵӣʲôģ
Զʧˡ
ΪʱǰЩ͵İƤ̺硣
£ĮδҲ̫˰ɡһ߸̾һְһչõԶ̺
ʱ䣬Ҳ쵽ĮĶˣһҲġ
ͥıӲɽǵס˴󲿷ִӱ洵ĺ硣Ȼͥ¶ֻڸ䡣
Զ̾˿һ뵽ԼͥһȵĿ죬Щͷۡ
ͥİûпԶЩʧɢȥ
ԶĳڰյΧУꤵʻĮ
Ҿס𣿡ԶЩŵضŹеʵ
ȷϣȷһ׵ʵ
ԼסĵطȻλڡ
ȻܺͺµǸܼĻʹȣռҲС
ʹˣԶǾЩʡ
Ҫ֪סģ󣬾ֻʣһЩӹˡ
ʾ֭˼ܾĴʱˬ
ôվţǶסﲻ𣿡ǿһΧڴ˴СˣЩɻʵ
Įס²̫ʡԶſڡ
ΪʲôʣǺûԶ˼̧ͷһǰĽȥʱɹϾסĵطҪ!
ԶľͲĮսʱóһ飬ǹͨʱǧҪ̫ί
һֱ﷽ʽֱ˵ض˵ס»ײĮɣҲ񲻺ϡ
ȴû뵽ǵıãȻˣϴδй檣֪𣿡
Զ
ԶһһģͷΪλ˾ȣ
Զһʱֲע˽ô֪ûм檡
οʱձСΪһ֮˭뵽ĺ󹬾Ȼһأ
ܲܶǽΪԼԹŴĿ̰ӡֻұΪĮͣӦѾǡ
ǿһۺĮͬԶģҲûȢ𣿡
˵ĺеԼһʱȻҲ
գԶΰ޵òԶĹԼɻ뿪ա
л˵
룬Ѿͬˣbushi
Įֱ׳֣콻Ǯ

ûжŶ
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


43 
Ǻ, ԶͱŸ첲վſڣŽָææذŶ
ľǸ鼮һװ˺üӡ
̧һľ߹, Զǰæͱסˡ
¾ӹǣȥҡĵ˵
һѪһӡ
ԶЩεջ˲, ˻һ, ֺеؿæ
Ǽһվ̫įߵǰڵǾסڲϰ, ȵ괺죬ѡϲĵط, һйɡ
Զҡҡͷ̵ܾ飬Ϊٴľ
ȷĮʱѾ＾޽Ժ
ǱͽҲͰˣڼȻѾסĵط, רΪһ, δҲ̫˲ˡ
Ұǻ˼ӦҲûӭȢĴ, Լסžͺá
סԶһաڶ, ͥȥ컷ˡ
Ҳ, ղûĺ, ů͡
һ·ͣͣͥй, ʲôʵ, ͷ߽ȥϸơ
ͥҲвٺѪͳİգԶУҲԵʮͻأ
ǻ·пһ´˿ʵģˡ
ԶĴһȦ·һС̯
ϰʮĲݱСһϸһſڵСǮ
ŵǸݱӣĮеһֲٱ֯ɵġ
ⶫ㲻϶ྫɣַ֯ȴر
ݱĸǸ˸ò̫ĺԶ˵ͭǮʳУ
Զע⵽̯Ӻŵĸˣֻɫƣ߻ǣһС
ǺܾûгԹһٱˡԶ̾һһӡ
һֱԼСᡣܵﻻһ׹
ӣӲֵôʳġԶݹһףǸ֣ҡͷܾ
ŰɣӳءԶһ۶ڸĺӣڵ
뵽Լӣ˲ƴǣмס
Զִ֪ĶһֽŵǣݸСԸѯʵ⺢Ӷˣ
عӵĻѾˡ
ԣԶü֪Į˵ƫ󣬵ǰӣ߻ȵλãƾɵƤһݹ᾵ģ
ÿն̯𣿡Զʵ
ڵõһ϶Ĵ𸴺Զû˵ת뿪˸˵С̯
ֱ߳˳ţߵѯյ
ռΪ˿ͥһ汲ͥĮ۸档
ĸˣĮСǼûйֻƽԶš
ĽԶ˸ոյ
ĮкܶΪֻ߲ʲôԵʣʧȥİա
Щͥеˣֻ뿪磬ڸ䣬ŷڷԡеĺܶ˾ϢɳǴѩֻ¹¶ĸѵڳֿڷԡ
Įҵṹ̫һˡԶ̾˿
˼ĲԿҵı󲿷ֵĮգһʧȥأǱʧȥıֶΡ
һĲҵ̫ˡ
£
Զ˼θڵʱ
Զͷֻһװںǵľ
ͣ£ύ񣬺һǡ
ǣһ磬ǸԶ󣬺һĿĵĴתơ
żԶץһϸһȻڵľֽϼ¼
ȻԶһٶĿʲôǺʶȤûгš
ֱԶֽյУڿʵ𣿡
ԶͷЩؿһۡ
һΪ˹۲ͼ¼ʱ˻ûʶʹῴĿɻ󣬵һ·ȴʮְ
ʱϲ˴ţһ㡣
ԶĬĬسһ䡣ȴ˿ԣ˵ͷѾˡ
ǱȥɣɫҲˡᳶ˳
ԶӦ£մתͷȴƳԶһƬĵطҲ֪ǺʲôʱϦ£͵Ĺâ
ǽӦûû䵽̶Ȱɣ
ԶɻָƬطʵϣʲôط
˳ָķ򿴹ȥ͵ǶһƬκƽʱûʲô˹ȥֻżȥȿˮһη֡
κ
Զ˷׼޷ɱȥ˵ġɽ
˶٣ЩԥſᣬƬκӦǲԶɣ
ȥһ͵ˡ
ڵõ˶Է϶ĻشԶƬκȥ
µھκʮ״ͣ¡
Զŷ֣ոİããһƬǺˮǸĺİɫ״ᾧ
ȥоǺһ㲻֪ʲôʡ
ʼԶΪη֣ǰյ󣬻ǷԼ뷨
ô죬ﻹܰˮεĳ̶ȡ
ۿʲôͬκĿʳɷҲͬԶһʱҲжϲ
ҲһζһʲôؽСѱˡ
һĪչʱ߹ѯʵ¿Ƿʲô
Ϊ̫Ҫɽ¶Ҳ𽥽
˵ʱЩԶɢڿеİһ
±İɫʲǴɣ
⼸һֱƼƼƼ໯ѧƼķȴڹŴòľƼ⣬μͼҲǴҪԴ
ԶȻǰһƬƬİɫҲʲôʡ
ΪܽȻΪ¶ȵ½ͣμеʵܽȴ䡣
ˣ𽥺䣬ƬκĴͻ𽥱
ֻҪЩɫĿڻȥԼᴿͿԵõ
ˣռԶ
ԶվƲסԼ˷ܵ˵Ͽ˽ЩɫĿȥ
Զģմϣ˼λõɫʡ
ʶشһ˲ЩȻԼеɫѯʵ¿Ƿʲô
ЩԶڷִ˷Уûע⵽
һû򵽵ӣ̾˿͵Ͽɻǵ֮ǰ˵ķ
µʱ˵һ𣿡˼һ£׹ڵѵɫĿ
׼ȷ˵ǿеĳʡԶһ˵һ߾ֱͽһ飬װϵƤڴ
ֻҪԼͼӹͿԵõҪԭ֮һԶ
ˣǱձȥ˿ûжԶĻһ㻳ɣԥشӦ
һջķᡣԶһͥ
ҪСĳأܷ񾡿Ұһ쵽ʱԶͻȻڡ
֮ǰ²ǻҪ׾Ϊ£ڳľӪɺã룬ش
ȻԡԶ˵ͷ
ҪǶԷѣԼ¡
ױǶͶָӡǿ
Ǵǳźġ
л˵
Сܽջδᴿ̼ƺһͶ
Įշ֣ÿ
ҵԵĹ£bushi
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


44 
Ҳ̫żԶٱǰͻȻ
Ҫȵʱ, óͶûʼե
ЩҲţȶŪһЩҲá˰, ˵
⻰Ҳ˵еÿڶ죬ĮĴ󲿷ֵҲͶͣˡ
ЩʿÿҪѵ⣬ûʲôҪ
⣬ҵĻҲ벻, ౸һЩҲá
Զ, 㲻ٷ
ڶһ磬ԶĲ±ּ·ʼæµ
ʹֿԷΪѹեˮ󷨡
ǵЧʺˮ󷨶ȼϵ, Զջѡȡѹե
ˮ󷨽ֱӴڸգгԲ֬˼, Ҳö档
եͻԭԶϸһ֮ǰĹżֽϻШʽեͻάͼ
եͻҪɡĸľͷһװɵĵ𵽹̶á
ҪıǷڵϵĲ֡
һһ׳ԲľƳɵġ
ԲľҪмڿգһͷƺõġһͷڲ濪, áľ
ľһШľͷȵեʱ, ζԲľУʹһߵĶּѹ͡
һһľ׮ӽեͻ, եʱݹײ, ôе֬ե
Ϊľǳ, Զ⻭եͻͼ
ȵøľʱ, ˺ôһ, ŽȻĹľǽ
Զ˵ÿڸ, ȿڲ裬һЩԥʵ£˵ģӦǸե͵ĻեҪأ
ȻҪһָˡ
ԶһϽʣͼֽϲһͿڡ
ȷեͻû󣬹Ǳʽͼֽ뿪
Զ֮ͥǰ⻮һƬطľǵĹ
ȵѧУﻹΪѧǵʵϰ
߹ǻɵĮһեͻǱߵľӪʿѾ˼ļȴԶһİˡ
˵ǾӪʵϵռѾһģƴׯӲࡣ
Զ۲죬ӦڻᾩðׯҪҲԼƵɽׯӲǿܺһϸ¡
һ֮Զͷżĵط
ֿŵģǰԶڵķй˺ᴿĴƳռķѣ򵥵ıÿƼ
ҪպȣˣһԶԼļල½С
£Щýʿ׼Ķȱʲô𣿡һƤñվ´̨ϣԶ˵
Ա߻Ͱ
ԶҪЭԼµĹ£нʿ磬ǣ࣬ԼЩҪ鷳
ԶĴһȦȷû󣬱ʯҺʹмӦˮƳʯҽʹҺ
ţǵпʼȡ
¶ȵߣ𽥳һҰɫ齬
赽ڡԶһ۹еİ׽ʿǷԸ
ȵ׽ں󣬽ʿǱԶָ£һԳ
óϲҺټȣͿԵõռˡ
רŻռԺϿ𽥱֡
£еĶνռ𣿡ָŹеİɫᾧԶʵ
ȥԶϽְס
ռǿҵĸʴԣǧҪִ
˵꣬ٴռʿǿһע
ֻһʱ䣬ͱƳ١
ԶǰմСװŵռҲЩ
ǶٹҵĻ
ֺ͸ʿһЩϸںԶľĹ
ǰͼֽ޲Ӵһγһ
ѾˣԶѯʵ
һԵĹЦӦһ͵ͩˣ
Զ˵ͷһڲṹȷû󣬱Ըǣȵȫ͸󣬱ȥǶľӪаɣӪרŸµĹ£ʱȥɡ
ȣգķͿԿˡ
Զ㱨եͻѾ׵ʱڵŴ׽Ϸ
ǰմٶסеԷڣԶΪæûȥԷڵ˴꣬˴롣
Զֻε˰˻
եͻѾ͵˾ӪУ㽫еݸ˽죬ڴУͷҲص뿪
ӪʿΧեͻǰشȻЩĻȥһѡ
ˣͻȻſڵͺ
˸ϽɢԶóһ·
Զ˽˸źʿǣº͵ѯʵôΧأ
⼸ҺԶѾϤ˲٣֪Ǹƽ׽˵˾˼Ҳ£ֱӴչȥѯʵ£ե
Զ˵ͷҲͣ˵һ䡸ܲեʹ֪ˡ󣬱һ󶹹
˵ע£ʯĥϱɿȻֱ˷ȥڻСʱ
úԶһľͱͱȷȫ͸󣬱ѹɶ
ڵڴһ
ʿѹõĶװեͻСШεľ鱻һ˽ȥʼжͶ϶شӳͿð˳
쿴쿴եˣһԴʿǴ˷ľ
һߵľ׮ҲʼԼĹһһµشŶͼե
Ϳڵľܿ㱻װ
վԶԱߵʿһĻΪɵذ̾ɻʵ£ô뵽ôһİ
һ˵ķ
ǧͶ񲻶ϸĽǻۺͶĳɹ
Զ̾˿пǰ˵ǻ۰ˡ
ϧվߵʿĺﲢãֻǿܺ˽ˮƽˣֱӰѡǰˡˡˡ
⻰૵λƵ¹治һ˰࣬ҲƵġ
Զв֪ԵѾĳֵᡣ
߳Ժţ˷ԸǵϽϣһݱḾˡȥҹ˵һݱӵҪѰ
뿪ԶһԶѩɽ
ԴռǸ˺Զһֱ¡
۽͵ĻͣЩͥвܷΪЩѰһıĻơ
պãҲҪ֡
ԶɴλЩտǸһ㣬άƵǡ
ܿ죬Ǹ˱㱻ʿ˽
·ϣ֪ĹӾȻǴеӡ
ԶЩϻ̳ϿֵؾҪȴûԷЦ˽
иƣԱ֤±ֻЩ֪࣬ԸԸ⡣
Щŵ̧ͷԶ
崺ɹĸοĵĲ
صͷԭŮԳơæڵԸ⣡ʲô඼Եá
ԣԶ˰˽ȥϸ˵ҪĹ
󶹵̨ԺʱܿԴԴϵԺð
ԶǰİĵֻϧЩװ˷ˡ
л˵
520-ûгȥ氡


45 
Ժڵեͻɵع, ԺվõԶȴѾסڹµĴ£רΪ׼İ칫ҡ
, µ˿̿ԴԴϵΪṩ
Զ΢΢̿飬ͻȻʡԼڱʵؿʱס˯ŵı̨һĻ𿻡
𿻼ֱڵ
Ȼʱ, Σ, 㽫¯⡣
ȫڽС
ʱ治˾סǸůޱȺʡ
Զ˵ɾ͸, Ͼ˲߻
ǰЩھӪ¯ʱʣ˲Ѻõ, ó
ЩӪеʿ׳ģǸɻһѺ֣һ㰴ԶҪѿ˳
еںֻˣһһŵƽڵϡ
һͷ̨һͷ̵̴ѡջʱ˳ſ, ޶ȵذůݸϵǡ
̫ø, һɫͰ
Ҳһ, ԶϢȵڶټɻ
̻𿻵Щʿв
⻹ǵһμ, Զεů, ﻹܵȵڶٸɡ
ȥʿһ˵, ҲǺԺһ̻𿻵ҵС
Ⱥڵΰ, ¾Ȼǰѻ𿻸˳
ǰռһռ, һЩۼֿʿϽȥߴŵЩûӦǶѸٵͬţǸϽȥѻ
룬ůˣ
ֻüһŲϯһҲӰЩʿǷ׷װȥµů⡣
⻰վڵջʿҲ׷״סˣžҪϼ
׳˲ض˶ʮͽ˶ʿ
Ǹʿһλãʱֱͦͦм䡣
Կµ˵ĹǼ̲ܶס̾⿻ϰڸƽԷȾƶ⿻ϣ֪ж̹
ԱˣЦŵ٩ɰģƽﲻѵڿϺȾƳԲ裬¸У͵ðѵ
ҲǡԼԴҲ֪ܸܲҼүҲһʹˣȽҲãܲö𿻣Ҳ
˵⣬˱㶼
ӪĽʿ˭Զļ˵ƽﲻϥ¾ТҪΪԼ¡
ԼĶӾսϣҲز˼ҡ
һʱҲû˸ղŵĻѣ˶ﶼЩ̫ܡ
ȻҪȥҵ˵˵顣ǸĵƵģ˵飬ͬȥˡ
˵ĻᵽԶϡ
һﶼһΪԶòʶڵòѰһ㣬ܷĶլʺˣһʲôϵ·ơ
أԶЩʧˡ
治ֲ͡
Щ˵ַǳټԼҲл𿻣ֱӰѴƵϡ
Լæȥˡ
һķҪˣԶͺ㡣
߷ӲȣǿЧ
ϣԶʱ㡣
˼һȻǵ飬Ƴɵϴ
ķƳΪƽͨʹõġ
Ϸ˳ɱúܶնˡ
ķ֮󣬱㱻ȥ
ʼǻƽƽķܰѶϴɾŲҹֻΧ̯ԱشⳤһСשͷһķ
һԣȺͻȻһΪ
ֻһ˹
ղרŸġѴʹû磬Ϊеɱֺãһ
⼸ƾԼգȻܴ󸻴󣬵ôҲǳԴ
һеģƽմȾѪۻࡣԭʵЩ
ˣ˵ŷۣղΧ˹
ҪϰæȡӣҪһ
Ⱥиղ˼״æһһԣҪ˵ôãҲһȥ
ղ룬Ҳͬ˵顣
ŷƹһ£Щյĵ԰ôû뵽һأǴҶǾԸ⹺ˡ
˱ǾӪеһСͳ죬֮ǰûаľ顣
Ҳɵܿ㷴Ӧ˹ϵӵķݸղ˵պáҪԸһһԣֱ̯ϵķˡ
Χ۵˼һ̹̹ĵģѾԷĹЧ˴롣
ܿ죬˶һˮ
ղƹ̵ķȽ˫ֽʪȻڷ˼¡ʱĭ
쿴ĴĭˡȺпʼ˽
Ļں档ֻղٴνȥĭϴɾϵҲһˡ
˿ˮиۣȻϴɾˣ
£Χ۵˶ǰЩŲɣһԵΧ̯Щƽƽķȫһա
Цֻǽֲɵ
ǰķȻЩһ㶼Щԭ˻򡣵ǮֻһɲĶǲϽؼһʲô
򣬻ǰķɣ
ܿ죬Щķ㱻һա
ЩѾǾӪе˸˺üĽ»û򵽡
ƹ֤ջзʱЩ˲¶ź뿪
ֱü顣̯ǰɢȥʱʱͬļƻ
̾ЩˣղԼǿߡ
ٺ٣ʼҲ򲻵˰ɣ
ղܺԥһзˣǮ⡣һҪԭ򣬾ƹ˵Զġ
λĮ¾ȵӣид

ڿϵŮ첹źǵƤղˣæߣкزϽϿůůͣ
ǰЩӣԶɳĽ̺õġ
Զ֮󣬱һרҵ̿Щ̶һרŸ̻𿻡
ЩʿļˣԶҲר˼¼ǵסַţṩ̻𿻵ҵ
ھӪĻ𿻣ֻЩʿԼˡ
һʮʮ٣𿻵ܿ㴫ͥ
ڷǼЩǮˣЩ̻𿻵Ľţû˯ůȿ
죬ղȴûһ㣬żæŵϿеķԿϵ˵ϱ쿴
ղϱԣЩɻشԼɷǿɫķ顣
Ҳûʲôɵʵⷽ龿Ǹʲô
Ͳ֪˰ɣղЦſڣⶫзԭϵһá㿴ҵ֣ǲǱƽɾࣿ
ղһ˵һ˫֣Լϱš
Ȼ˫յ˫ȻЩֲڣȴɸɾģһҲոģ
Ȼ֪˷ãһļ۸ղϱЩӣǺã̫Ҫÿ࣬ҪǮ
ô˵һ뵽ղƽⲻմϲۣҧҧɷ˵꿪ͺһɻ׬ǮǮҲˡ
ղ⻰Щ۵££ӵļ򣬸˵˵ȥǲڻĵҷģ˵úϣ
ģЩŵؿղ
Ȼģʲôʱƭ㡣ļ۸񰡣Ҳͷղѷӽ⿪ݸӣЩҲԡԺϴϴ·
ղϱϽ˿һϴ֣һɷŽ淢ĸ顣
˵Ҳǵ·ģЩŵʵ
ĮûпԳƵϡ¡
ǱѭŹأԶλƵӳƺ˵£һԼ˵ģ
ղ˵ͷԼϱЩп૵»治һ˰
ɲ𣿡ͬ
Ѱܷ𿻡δŵĶҼ۸񻹶ЩѰҲܵ洦
ֹ˼գۿŷѾ죬ǶҲǰôӴ
ԶþӪе˽ĽȻʼƻһ¡
⼸եʣµĶѾ˲١ڶǰǱѾΪĸɲݣò϶ϡ
ˣԶƻŽЩȥ˶ʡ
л˵
᣺ǺһЩ⡣
ԶƽƽĴԽ߰ˣcue
Įֻ¶


46 
ɷͳɷϵķʵӡֻҪեʣµĶ, ˮݼ·;ˡ
ΪĮĶȽϺ䣬Զ˰ѷͶɵĴŲʯҺʹĵط
ȵ㲻Ҫô鷳ˡֻҪѶˮʪٷ̫±ɹͺá
ƳɵķΪ̼׼صĺߣʹò, ֲ硣
Զ֮ǰİ̴ݵʱһ졣
ڷͶʱʿ˵ũոѡ
ЩոҲǺܺõȼϣʼԶǶװ˶ɵĴʱ, ǻЩۡ
һԶ˵Ƴɷ, 꽽ظӷ֮󣬱æˡ
ֹ˼, ʼ͵ĶḯζƮ
ЩʿǻΪǶɷŻˣææҵԶ, 㱨¡
ؾţ󣬵ȵȫ͸󣬱ˡԶ͵
ͣ㱨ĽʿԼԼЩԶ˼
ȻեʣµĶܷϣǲҪĶҲˣ
ԼĲԷ, ԶЦҡҡͷ,еĶϵġ
ڶԷЩʧУԶЩķ㵹Ҳϡ
ûо͵Ķ㲻ֱӱֲաֱз, ׶ԵˮȾеϸ滹п溦
, ǿƲʵ, ׯ硣
, Žʩ, Ҳһѧʡ
Զҡҡͷ, ɹؽԷռϵĳ嶯
ද㻹ҪΪȼϡǶѷʻҪͳء
ͥĴ󲿷صʶƫɣ͸Ҫǽͳػý͹еķ©Ⱦص⡣
ǵ©Ҫĵĳɱʱ䣬ڵԶ÷Ʒʵˡ
ȷЩķûϵĿԺ㱨˱Щʧشˡ
Զ㱨ʱķ͵ζס˶Էѯʵʷ͵ζʮţǰԺӣҸٵĵطǡ
Էҡҡͷڵζأǽʿ¶ʳ⣬㱨µġң¸ǷŵĿִϺ󣬱ҲŲЩζˡ
ЩʯʯռĽʿĿ֣ԶΪ˷ֹӹвķ۳ǺӰ콡˰պֵģƵӷǵġֻҪ˹ͱš
ҲЩζá
Զ˵ͷˡ
Ȼڻòŷͳأ绹Ҫõϵġ
ˣԶ˱㿪ʼ˼⡣
˼ȥǾˮΪʡ
ڵĿƼˮƽ϶õˮ࣬һˮӦûǲѵġ
ֽд¡ˮࡹ칤պҪԭϺԶǷŵһߡ
ˮѾ˼ƻʵڡ
ʿҪæ̻𿻣Ҫ׼ʳҪեͣ鶹ʵǿղˮˡ
οϾڣʱҲԼԱǷŸϢϢ
ĮںԭĴڲͬǳŴѩɽǰһʱգɽԵĻ
ԶܲμӵԲͬĴԻϻиʽĵףʽ
Զǵһ˵ڣЩ档ڽӵ󣬱ԥشӦ
ԷȴΪڣΪһͬҪ顣
ǰõǮ˷Ѿ˱͵Զǰ
бΪηġ
ῴŷԼǰ˱ĺֱּһͷ
ڰãü˱Զ˵²ظˡֱӸ߱һֱɡ
ԶҲûһ²ſڵ󲿷˶ʳ󻻵ķȫۺϳӦʮʯ
һʯʳԼһǧٽʮʮҲǧİٽס
Щˣʵ󲿷ֵķǱͥİĵģǱȥܱߵĲˡ
ƺһҲ֣ԶĻֻǵ˵ͷֱʵǮ´뱾ʣ
Զ룬ԼԭĴ渵
ҪɱЩʿѾٺ»ҲٸǷʡ
Զ㽫һǮֱӻѿ֧
ЩԼİգ㰴ı׼ǷŹǮ
ԼֻҪЩԭϵĳɱˡ
Զļƻ˵ᣬŵĲ¶̲סҪ˵ˡ
ԭԶ࣬ȴȴһ涼ûеõ
ҲҡҡͷԶļƻȥɱ⣬ʣµһ룬һΪѱɡ
ԶЦЦ֪²ЩǮġ
Զ⻰˵ģɣȿĽǮƸҲһСǮû⡣
ỹǼԼ԰ԭ
ԶֲԷֻЭˣϿɷµĲǮȥͥһȼԺ
Զ˵ľȼԺͺĸԺ¶ԺһʣΪ˰Щûˡ
ҲƵľȼԺֻ⼸µԡ飬֧šɸȡˡ
ûյľȼԺЩ̹Լġ
ˣеǮƶȼԺɡ룬ڵ
ĮһİǨģȼԺ˵ûʲôô
ˣܽȼԺĵطҲࡣ
취õ˫˴˵ͬ⡣ˣԶǰЩӶΤõǮҲһ˳˸µĹ
ȼԺҪжิӣʱԹӪҵˡ
ʱõǮҲر֧࣬žȼԺȹ궬컹Ǵ´ġ
ǮƣԶҲ˳ﻮ
ֹգ㵽Įڡ
꣬ڿνʮʢҪԭǰս궬ӣ̫ˡ
ȥ̶ܵӻ˱ʳͲƥյ׸ﶼʳ
̵ĻҲնܵů溮ХֻҪڻϣůġ
ЩƶİգĶȥԶĴ󶹼ӹҲ㹻ʳʧȥͶҲ˾ȼԺһڷ絲ĵط
ոмԶʱߣͼмȡһů⡣
ĺýعϣԶԶȥԶһë׵İӡ
ܵԣΪҪбһ˵ȫжΪ͵ȥԱץ˸š
ʱͬգûһɽһڽʿԶԶ˦
һȺΧ߽ͷӶҲŽɽԶһʱеɻ󣬱ŲȥЩʲô
Ⱥ˶ţͶԶŵء
æڵظóλӡ
ڸʲôأԶŵ߰ŵĶЩɻʵ
Ǯ䵶ͳȻС
ҲзһǶűʯĶ̵Զ͵ڴĿڶ˭
ԭǴģԶ´
ֻǶĵһдǾ
еɻ˵ںһŴЦſڵÿıϣǶĵһа
ԭԶʱĮ˵ʤȻ𾴡
ھûǾҲҪһ
л˵
᣺Ǯ
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


47 
Ȼ, ûй˵ڴɽʱѾ
ȻѾԴ˼ֲ, Ե̾󣬱Ѱ˿մ׼⡣
Զǿˡ
, æµʱ, ˷
Ҳһ򵥵¡
ߺű˴˵֣ţŽһѶѵ
ԭЩŹֿڵ, ȴԵø
ԶЩͻȻ, 嶼ԭĻϣٸԼһ֡
֪ʱĮ˻᲻Ҳϰߡ
һʱЩ棬ƫƫͷǱ߿˿ʳԼɻ
ûϵʳһ, Ƕ˶, Żشֻгԭ򽻵ˣŻΪ, ٸԼ󲿷˶ֱġ
Զ˼ص˵ͷ, ӦǺߡ
̺õԢ, ֣صڴʹֱЩе, Ҳ˱塣
ԶֵԢ, ΪּʹںҮ, Ҳ
ͨҮСԶҲǺе˼
ԷϾĮֱ񲢲һ̫ò顣ƺûϤ˴Ԣĵز
˼ĺ͡ӦʳڡԶлಫȻҲ¶־ᡣ
·⼸־п̽ԵɣһӣʮˬضԶ˵ʲôʰɣĮԭûôء
Լ󷽡̧ĮͬʱһԼºǰ˾
ȨӢʤĮⷽľ򣬼ʹ˶ܲõԶøȸĴָ
֪ǲһͨãԶȻپᡸǷϺڡ⣬еɻ󻺻ʳ˿ڡ
ڵõĻشʱԶһ¡
ԡ֣˼üë
ȫӦѩɽϡëɫѩ׵
Ҳ̶̵֪Ĵʻôôδʵġ
԰˵ͷһȻ
˫չɢɫͫף־Եøܾ˵ˡ
ֵĮԤԵǰ͸ôһ֡
ԶЦƫͷȥлûסѿڶĵ٩㸸ֵʱʹɽϵ˼𣿡
Ҳ֪ԷͬͬԼתø㡣
ȻỹǺϲԼֵġ
ֻһ£ȻüëһЩưάԼֵȨҪͬ⣬һ䴩Դ
СԶһ㻹ֱͦ׳
ֵ̽ȨʱҲ
̫ȥܿ㿪ʼڵףʽ
еĮһܸȺ塣
Զ仰Ǹҥԡ
Χߵһ͸ܸմһߡ
ԶΧͬһƬˣǳ̵ĺӡ
ǲƽֹʱɤŶȱ˴֡
͸˵ˣҪЩÿ϶ϲģ˶ΪǺˣƷ裬һܴ֡
ԶݱһĸУԷθڶĥ˼֡
Ҳ֪ΪʲôǿԶĲԭСǵ£ͱ⸱ħӡ
Ȼظ衹ûʶֺģΪ
ˣͼԶһͬ֡
ջ㿴ңҿ㣬˫˫ͷ
ԭܼ򵥣ǵĻ˵Զʵ̫ɡˡ
ȻҲòʵˣԶȴͬϺɢһֳ
һ֣ͬһֶԷһͻĳֱƮȻɵĸо
ˣȻƽԶ˽ԴǶʮֺͰףҲûʲôӸµļӡ
ȴ׽ֻһĪľηڡ
ȴȫûͬĸ
һԿõȣֱߵԶǰ
䵶ⶼֳǡôĴС
῾ˮ׼Ƚ첻֪˶١ԶʮĮһְֱĽ죬ɻȥˡ
Զξת
ĮԣһϵСȡ
һ˿Ƭ⣬һ˽ӹϡ
˾гسһ˿ʲô⡣

ףڵЩڶ춼˯ʱ𴲡
ҪǰգԶҲһһԱȴһؾýԼ
ֻΪսԻͭˡ
ڻȰѾֻ̽DNA
ԶڴԽ˵Ҳû˻ܾ;˵ʲô
ֻϧԽһֱæŹĶǣĻ˼ǳʲô⡣
ֱĮܰùźͭģһͭһֱҪԻԸ
ĻѾֳ˸ɡǴʽϱ⣬ɫ
Զýģм̵Ĵͳͭ
ԭҲܼ򵥣ĻҪ׼һ¯¯ϼȣ鷳
ֻͭҪպ̿пյĹɡ
ףҲ˰õĹɵġ
ʱûȻûʲôףĹҲͬζ
ɱţⱻгɱƬͷһơ
߲ҲǸժµģǴǰʱ̻ʱ˳ůֳġ
Ϊûȫ죬Ի˿ͺʳɫʺ̻
һ׼Զûżſ𣬶һԣصȴһʳ͵ĵ
һϵ⣬ΪرԶһ̻
Ͷұ
һ̫ЩɻѵҲˣ
ֵӽԶ㽫е˳
ȴû뵽ҡҡͷĲ²⡣
ĮһȥУ䣬ӦԡµЩ򡣵²ٵȵȣóһûá
У
ԶЩ⣬콭ûгȴ䡣
ѲﻹУûע⵽
²֪𣿡ͷ
Զ治֪ͥһֱæ飬ÿղ̫ɽûϸעĹ졣
УסҲԶпգԹȥȻ˵
֪̫ĴôԶһ˿ν
ǰЩԶŴٳȥ䣬ǰĴҴܣں׷
֮һɣûţԼϹ仹ɡ
ȥУˣԶûһʱϲá
Զ콲·УʱǶԻеҲƿ˽
ˣˡԷһţǸ
ûб෢ɿ˸ӣǰͷ£˳ĳк˼ݵķʾºζ
ķһЩĳȻǸԡ˹
Զ̫ҡҡͷ½żˡ
⻰Էȷʵûŵʱ䡣
ϾôʱûԹԶЩȲҲǼ¡
λֱͭ࣬û֣֮Զѡһλ¡
л˵
ˡ
Զ
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


48 
պϾ֥ͨ齴, ۵⣬߲ˣÿһڶǾζ
ڵţƷֲͬ, ֻǳŴȻݳԭʸĺá
ʹþһ㣬Ҳȫ
Զ⻻һխ·ǽһֽýݡ
ӹѰǡôʳﱾ̻Ȥ֮һ, ԶûСԱ߲, Ѳǳȥˡ
Զֵġ
·ñɡԶŵˮðϽ˹
溮ХͭཹཱུŸʳġ
ڵʳŴպϱ, ˶ɢһ
ʼỹ̫ϰֳԷ, ֱ˼ں󣬱ٵףʳʱ̳Ÿѧʶˡ
ѧϰᣬڼǰë̵ţʱ˻Ǵסˡ
, ʲôָǰһƲģĶ, ǳɻʵ
ţǰϲϲ𣿡Զ׼Щţǽȥ, ⻰Ͻͣ˶ش
Ĭ, ԶȻ, δԹë, Żɻ
ҲܹڵĶζ, ֲδ
ζ㱻ӵʳ, ΢ЩǮƵ˼Ҷʳá
ǿϧ˰Զĵ
ЦŶ͵ţǾţθһ֣ϴɾһĤ˺ȥƳɵġ
ԶĽͣϵĳɸˣһ£ǿڵԼԱá
ԶҲȰԹԵظԼ¼Ƭëǡ
רżв˵Ĺ̵Լ
Ĳ𣿡
ǼԶԵýζڻǿ˷еĵִһ©֮ǷŵԼ
ôó𣿡Զ¿ӣʵ
ëǸͽѾؽ
õëûһ˿ζڸˬ࣬ζʹƽɽ亣ζ˶ᱻ۷
һţǺܿ㱻˹Ϸָɾ
ԵòʱԶ¿ӣѯ˶ʳ
Ȼϣڵ໹治ʲôʳ
ɱʣµˮᱻֱȥӵ
ţʳûʲô˻ȥԡ
ףǲ̫ᴦʳ
˽Զ̲ס¶һ̾Ϣı飬ֱǱﰡ
ڵ޲ȥ鷿ʣдһСһֳԷ飬Įÿ˶һ
ԶĿϧ̫֮ԣһԵ̲סʣ£ѵЩʲôĶ𣿡
۸Զ˻ĴͣƳɴôķѵЩ˺ӵҲʲô˲õĶ
Զҡҡͷ쿪뷨
˲õĶ˲õʳ
ϾøոճԵţζΣԶʵ
Ȼʮζʵʵ˵
࣬Ҳɺţһζʳ
Զһڲ裬İŰɵĿУϸ˲ͬʳÿڸС
ˣһµ¸֮·
Щţǡһʳɹɺڱ档ȵԵʱͻˮݷ
ţǣζر𣬻Ծ;ء
Ȼڵ²ʺȥɹɻһЩĲƷǺܷġ
Ǻúõһٻ𽥷չˡ޶ȵöʳ̽֡
Ҫ˵򵥵ģǽЩƳ±ζΪ㡣
ֻҪһ֭ޱζʳҪһЩ϶ѡ
ˣ±֭ǷʱԽã±ʳԽ㡣
ЩˮһĶҲ鷳
ˣԶջǷ˽֪Ĵ㡣ǾרſһЩ±ζС͹ݣɱʣµֱɡ
Ϊڴ쵽ǰʱԼԺúϢһʱˡ
ȴû뵽ŸЪ˼죬Ҫٴæµ׼±ζˡ
Զɵ̾˿йƵļһ۵Ķ
׼£һ¡
ҪÿУһͬ䣿
ʲôԶɻµĶԷ
Ǹողǻڽ±ζƹѡ𣿻ôͻȻܵˡ
ԽδҲ̫˰ɣ
Զ¶⣬Ȼؽ͵ÿǿ壬һֱرġ
Уˣʹ˴ס
Զ̧ͷһ񣬶ԷȻʹ˱졣
˵˵ĻȷʵЩҲ˭Ըˮɱźʱأ
˶ʹԹʱԶһɨһʵļԼС
һʱûջĿ⡣
ûһ˻ܾӵжԷ׳ġ
ûУ
ԶƣֻһԼ׷ŴܶѾܡ
գǰߵѹ˶ںη壬ԶҧҧӦ롣
ڶս˯нʱԶ봩Խ죬Ǹ嶯ͷԼ
ůı㲻˯ҪȥУʲô֡
ϾѾӦᣬԶޱȼѵطӴ
ΪҪ䣬ûԼƽЩƮƮۣǻһ¡
Ϊ˱ůһ멣Щײࡣ
ڴ̹ǵĺǰκηȶ
ΪԼѾùˣУʱȴѾСʱ
ԶһʱЩȣûüԱߵС͵ĻЩƽʱˡ
һҹҲ˵ԷҲ賿ӣУ
賿Į
Զڼˡ
̾ȻĮֵһôõģԼǳԶĺá
ʱһ״̬еעͼеĳǹϡ
ԶŶԷоؼֻһˡһǹѡ
ԼǰƤã䣬Զֵһ㣬ѰԵһʯع䡣
ʵʵ˵ǹƻǺйԵġ
شＸʮĳǹȴͬˮһӯڡ
Ҫ·ʱԼ͵͵һģһĳǹ˵˶Է⸱Ʈģ
ܿ죬㻻һ
ǹƿգâ·µء
͵طڿۏǹһתڿлһĻߡ
Ȼ󡭡ȻֱͣԶǰ
ԶԼҲûԤϵոջԶĳǹͻȻԼǰûˡ
һʱһҪѿڶãʱסˡ
ʱվǰﻹиոյɱ
ὫеĳǹضϣЦһã½ôô磿
Զһʱ侹ȻֲԷʵеѯʣںԼ䣬ѯʵҪʲô
ЦЦҲķܣָָǰһƬյأڵȵɡ
ԶΪβʱһͷ㿴ɫӿԼᡣ
׼ȷ˵ǿԼϵĴ멡
ô𣿡ԶЩɻؿڡ
ʣ˭ʱһ̴һġȴصĴأ
𰸾ǰ
Ǹƽ￡ųӡ
Ŵǣ̽ſڵ¡ҪȰѴ£
ں䰡һȻ
㲻ˣӻǲ̫㡣
ѭѭգ˵ԶİĴط˸ոŵλϡ
õģԶһŬ˺һ׳ŵļ⡣
ʵޱȲпᡣ
ԼֻʮӲϢʮӡ
Դ˿ЦãֻȥϢԼԱ߷űĸ¥׼ΪԶһֵı
žϸѡĳصУʱͿЦõһĻ
һʶͶԷĳ
Ѿܣؽ硣
˯ǰѴʵʵعԼϡ
л˵
Сܼ飺һֳԷʵĲࡷ
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


49 
ȵԶٴʱ, 㷢ԼѾ˯޵Ĵϡ
ЩɻػܣŵĽ졣
¿ˣһ, ˱Ͻȥߴš
ԶûԼôʹУص޵һʱɻѯʵ¼ˣ
ѾʱĩˡһźԶ£һ߻ش
ʱĩ
Զһ, ⲻǿҪʮһˣ
ڹ˲ʱ, ע˯ŵʱ﾿ʲôԭУԼ˯޵ڡ
Զʻǳ˰˲, ֧֧ػشĮѵͻġ
᣿
ڶԷǰ˯žѾʧˣȻöԷԼ˻
Զھڽյʧʱ, 治ɫ˵һԼ𾪵¡
˵ʲôԶսݹëŵؿԷ
ոʲô
ԼȻԱģ
Ҳ˵һ·Ҫ˿Ǳ˹һ£߷ѵˡ
һصͷȻǲҳеԼҵµʡ
侲侲ûʲô˵ġ
Զ, ڿסԼı顣
ֱؿ, ҧʵǾͲֹһĮ߰ҽ𣿡
öԷڴ֮ͥ¹Լ, ѵͲ
СıѵµģĮáֱ׳С,ĮСҲ氡
Ծұ˹һ·Զŭ䲻,Ϊβ̧
ֹĮ, ̧ܿ԰ɣ
, ǽǲйȥ, ûгСѵ
ˣԼŽȻǶ壬רûгǶź߹ȥġ
ˣͲǻӡ
ǾͲ̧һ
ǿԶʣ콫Զѱë˹ſڵĮ˵Ƚ̧֪Ҫãµ˷纮ֱӽ±ˡ
Զ̾컹οĮ»·ûʲôˣʹ˲ײҲҳȥġ
ԶŻ氲οԼĽ죬ɵ̾һ
Ǳ˻᲻ȥ˵
ðɣȷʵ⡣
ṫºðɣ
ֻڹ˾СǿڴһԼᣬôôñŤ
Լ֮ǰǲټԷˡ
ƣӱܿɳܣá
Զ˵˼ź󣬱żæŵس˹ȥѡõ±档
ط֮ǰʱע⵽ġ
ڲֲãռЩ̫խһ̰ȥҺ󣬱һֱš
᱾ǴԶѡһλֺãռִ棬ȴû뵽Զܾˡ
һ±Ӷѣòôʦڡ
ԶǰͺܺáȻطС˵㣬±ֲҪ˽ʳã±¯ɡ
İ͹̨ԶͰٽֵһߡ±ζʱܰѲĹ̿һ
ЩֳɵģԶԸȥ±ƾѾˡ
ʱԶ`ڵ߼±֭
Щĸ棬ÿȺ˳򶼼
ЩøҲʲôˣԶʦļͽܡ
ЩʦϢͨһԶҪмֽ˸ѧ±⣬æؾͰԼͽܸ͹ˡ
һԼȥ˱ˡ
ҪԶԼҲԶѧϰ
Ĳᣬ͵ԶڵĻζǼߡ
󣬱ƻŵҲҪԶ˵İ취ԼҲһλ
˵ʱǳԲ𣬵ЩɲҲܽ
±ĵõĻԶҩЩ
Щ֮ǰľͲʱ˲١ʣµЩǿ±һصġ
ҪڿȥϻЩġԶţһʳ
һֱƻܹҲһ¡
Զ룬ֲҲеԼδļƻС
Ҫ£ǽ±֭䷽ڸߵЩˡ
⼸ֵζϵȿɼסˣԶѯʵ
סˣסˡͷһ㡣
Ǳã֮ҲҪ±֭⼸ζϡԶһ˵һɴǰļζϰ
ǼɡվԶߵСѧͽϽӹϵÿڡ
ΪеĵϲƮõǡ
±õëһŻȥܺһ
ȻѾںһĽ֭ζĽͲһأζ⣬ûа㽴
ڴɹҲˣҲֻǿá
ĽɫԶֻһ׽ȥ±֭Ѿ˺Ưɫ
±ӣֻ±ϵ䷽ѵã䷽ԶżȻһġԼҲڼҳԹζǲ
ȷ⼸Сѧͽ䷽ԶҴ뿪±ӡ
Żȥо⼸ֳϵֲȻҲ֪±ζһƮȥ·İա
ǰĵСÿ˶һЩǱŶӣҪЩƽ۵ˮ
ʵĮҲв٣ȻǿҲôóԣ±ʱԶҲǷ˼֣±֭ζǲ
ڵҲ֪Ƭ½ţǰԶ֪Щͬڻᾩ̫߶ȽʱЩ㷲
ʱԼĹ۲죬ԶȷӦþνƽпռ䡣
֪ǸһЩ֮ͬҲ
ΪûԶЩȻζЩͬʤûС
δֲģǻЩϡ
ޢҶһֲ඼ϲůʪĻĮҲֲ̫Ҫ
ԶԼũҵȫǸ⺺ˮƽȻͲĮֳЩֲˡ
Ǻͻͽˮû̫ߵҪͺͺȽǿĮֲĸҲһЩ
Ϊ˱֤ܹԶǾһȽϺõءֻĵطʮϤϴοҲֻص㿴˼μصĵطѯصĹֱضҪᡣ
ǽϷ»Ŀһ㶼ʱ򿴵Է
ˣֲļڻм£Ҳ̫ż
뵽һ㣬ԶİõԼ鷿
ǰսָѰ˲鼮պÿʱ䣬˳ӱһʵΡ
첻Ըյ̹˵ĮһҪ¡
Զ˽ͨЩǳüģ˽ˡ
Ҫʧȥйؽϵȫ䡣
̱һ߳Ľн
Զʶ򿪣澹Ȼһѻĳ
ǽϢʱԴѡġ
ѰĽҪ֣γҲ˿ɱһµ̬
ԶҲûСѽûпӦһԴı
ϸѳЦѽǰĶʦҲǷ˺һѰ⽣֪Ƿϲ
ܿѽǼϲġ
Զ𽣣Щ
㹻ˡ
ԶлһĽڽľС
ӵһǡ
ڵоû뵽ԶȻԽʽϤҲСϻҪװһģ
ֻվһԵĽ죬Լ࣬ʤ
£֪ӡһľİ
챯ʹ·ոԶĲӣԼ
Ҳ⣬Ͼ˵Ǽֵǧĳľ
Ǵ󷽹˵ԶһʱҲ벻οʹļ׵Ľ죬ֻګګȱһûϵģİ齱˺üҲ𣿡
һ𣡽ﺰ
ٻ˻έ޲һ£ȱһǣҪôָܻԭ
ԶһǸְӣҲ֪Լ⻰û˵
ǣЩЦЦŽһ䡸ȥϻʣ١͸ϽԺӡ
ֻ뽭
Ѿҵʵ̾һ̵Ǽҵ¶лĮ⡣
СסҲҶϽһ뿪ԶС
ܿ죬һٵԶʶһ⡣
ղȥУǲǲ̫ðϾԷˡ
ĳһӾͱ
л˵
ң

ΪԼʱ¥ޣԣ䣨ҹȥˡû뵽Ȼû档
ˣǸOrz
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


50 
ڽҲ, ʹôܼᣬԶڶ컹ǰʱУ
ȵǣᲢûἰշ, һ̹ȻԶʾŽС
ԷĵȾԶҲپ£ػ׽С
˵µǸ±һҵܵ˰յϲ
ԶմϢһ, һ
һʱҲ̫ܰյԷ˼, ǻص˵ͷЩɵʵϿҪζһЩ
صˡԣЦһ, ŤͷܱվŵˣԸ, ھȥһ
һԵæ뿪
ʱԶĶǡ֪ʱ±꿪ûСûע⵽Է˵Щʲô
ˣҪҪһšʱʶͷӦ
ǵ£ɡЦſԶ
˵ʲôܾĻҲˡԶֻø, ˶ԷĹС
һ, Զ͸ܵ˼ֲͬѰ
ĮסĹڣ
Щز˵, ڵ綼ǰɵġ
ٻԼĳľʱЩ鸴ӡ
Զ߷̵ҲǸ˾, Զ⸱ģ֪롣
Էһ߸, һЦŽ͵֪, Լλ, ½ľ, ˲ơǰλ󳼵İٰȰ˵£ŴӦ΢һ¡¾סĵطˡ
ԼΨһɺõסˣ
Զʱ;Ĳյᣬ촽ȴ֪˵ʲô
˵ʲôأ
ǡԲҰ޵סˡ
ǡЩ¾ɵľ
񶼲̫ʰ
շ彣ԣੲݵ̣˵²ЩҪЩ˴ߵñķҲЩҲɵʱͥ
˵ԼҲסĵطһ仰
ܲõԶҪסְɵĹ
ԶЩ̫Ȼص˵ͷ
ò˵һٶĺܴˡ
ԼǱԷıʿӦѾжҪΪԷͿˡ
ǣԶֻһİԵܲá
Ҳֻһжѡ
ж֪˵ʲôźõһ㡣
ԶһЩ̫תƻ⣬ΪβԸأ
ڵûҪסﶼһġʱʱ¶ϯصϢǳе¡
ԶȻʱ;оȷʵʮࡣ󲿷˶ǻѡס΢һɣ
ţãʹƣ΢һļ嶼ס
Ұ˰ܶ˶٣ǴʱľҲⲻȥ
Զ̾˿˵ͷͥİΪǵʱһģ
˵ľᱻҪˡ
˻˵޽Ϊչֵǡ
ЩڵĶľһ
ԶЦΪԼ˽ҪװһΪ˹ҵαģ
ҪʱȺµۣ˵Ĳʵ̫ˡ
Զ̾һֵϸ壬
᲻ЦЦʾŵ˴š
мľȻ±ļ±ˡԶЩȵü
е±ζÿģû뵽ôѾʼӪҵˡ
㲻ʮַʢȴܷԶθڡ
Է;Էһܱͥصѡֲĵط
ΪԶҪʲôϡֲֱӸָɽµƬء
ĮֵһƬطԱ߻ѩɽڻѩˮ۳ɵĺҲʮַ㡣
Լģƽʱר˸Ҫϰ˽йͱ˸
Զ̾˿оԼǰ˺е㿶ͷ
ֻҸطֵ㻨ǣò
ԷܾҲԣ˵һ䡸ǵ½Ҫʱ˵󣬱ػһ⡣
֮ǰҪȥѩɽ𣿲¸һȥ
Զ¸µİţûʲôҪæģʹشӦ
֮ʱԶÿճ𶼻ᵽУһʱĽ
˵˶ûͶԷȣռ֣ҲٳЧ
ÿյķǱȴǰࡣ
Ϊˣ컹á˵ÿյ˶ҲԶ඾
ÿյĳ⣬ԶΪˮһ¶æµ
֮ǰͶʱҪͳء
ʱˮ˼Ƕʱ佫ʿÿնæµֻʱƻ
Զ꿪ʱ޼ˮء
ũĺҲͦԶɡֱڹˮ;Ҫ©롣
ͥˮԴ˼ǰԶǾ콫ˮĺáڽʿҲûǰôæµˣڳˮ졣
ˮ벻ľʯʯʯࡢЩǰĮϡȱΨһȱٵıˡ
ⶫⶫͥû١
ƷԶ˼ȴʿѾʼʯʯʯˡ
⼸һֱΪˮһæµ˶͸һƣ
ƣϵģÿԶڼŸԭϵȣʵЩۡ
ǡ죬Զ̵ѩɽ
ڼһЩķ羰οһΪˮȶޱ۵顣
ͥѩɽǱȽϽġԼֻһձܵ
Ȼڽɽ·ԶһƬͺͺľ󣬵ԶǺµţ˶͸¶һɲѧϲá
·ƽ̹һӦѵʱЩɫʱ˲Ų˰ɽ
ǰɽѾˣԶڴ˴Ӫկٵɽ
ԶҲЩһбΪ˷飬Ÿ·
⸽һɫܺãӦϲͻȻڵ
Զѩɽ˽ⲻ࣬ΨһľͲ俴ճʱὲ䡣
ˣ˼˲ó˴𰸡
֮ǰǸɽȣԶд˷ܡ
Ҳѹ˼ϾǸɽȾֻĹ硣
ԶֻϲѾǼ˾֪ˣÿ·ȥۡ
ֻǶԷƺϲԼʾÿԡ
л˵
Ǹ߹޵ĺ硣
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


51 
Դ, СִܸСϲԶʾ
ɽȡԷԲ֮ͬǰЦӦһ
, ԷڴĿ϶Զںǰڵԭ
һգڲڻ԰Ϣٲ֪ôͻȻȥι˵, ڲŵëըˡϴŵµζ, ּǳԵ²Ҳ¡
ڲֻ֡
ԶҲû뵽ڲЩԨԴЩЦõػһ, ȴ֣ڲԼ̬ȺȷʵĳһͻȻġ
û뵽Ǵٴнϡ
ԶЩ޷޵ҧҧ, ʹپһܡ
ԭһֹȻһܺ˻ѡ
ϾԼǰݳȥǵĲԭϿҰǨʱҪ·Ļ׷һ
ͻȻüԵڲЩ
Զ
Ҫȥɽ, ˵һֻῡĺӵһԵ֡ɲúú
ֱ˯ǰĺܳһʱ, ǳԷǽ϶Եá
ıɫԶǺѿġȴûа־, ˳Ļѩɽķ羰
ȵԶڶվеɽǰʱյǷϲþôҲֲסˡ
ɽȷʵ˵ǰ, ʹǶҲʢǰд, 羰
վңԶĸߴľͺˡ
վŵĵطƬɽȸһһɽͷ, ÿɽͷһⶼֺľš
Զһϣ, ĵطʣ, ·ȥ𣿡
û˵Ѿ˵һС
²ȥû·
ԶаţƬ̺ڳǶԵġ
ȷʵ²ȥû·
ϵֻôģĶ⡣
򴽣ЩȻ˵ڲԼġ
˵˻
Զ˰֣Ѿپܲסκһ˺ˡ
ô˵
ԹȴΪһ㲻ײβʾ˵ʶϵ
ҪһݣӦûѡ񡸽֡
Զûע⵽ĵط彣ϵսɿ˷˼Ρ
̧ڴЦţⲻµ𣬾û˵
ԶŤͷƳһۡ
Ϊ˵ҾͲ
ۿԼջԵѾϤΪӰˣʹķ羰Զ˵Ҳʧȥ
¿һۣȻԥת뿪Ƭĵء
ߣ¶Ⱦ𽥽ǰҲ˰ããɫ
µĻѩƽѩһģȥһּӲе㵯ԵĴС
ԶЩѩ̤̤ȥĸо
ɽһƽ̹ĵطԶȻؽݵֱԶȥ
ѩϣÿһѩ϶˸ϸĹâ
ȥʱ̤ͬмС
ôһĹ
ʼԶΪһѩֱƵ󣬲ſããѩԭ֮оȻһĹ
ĹϵּѩڸǣԶֶĹ߲ûнѩȥǺ˼
Сġ
᲻֪ʱԶ󣬸Ͻһѡ
ոԶȵ˼ʯ飬һ
Ҫἰʱһѣ㲻ûҪˤͷ
Լ߬ţԷƿ󣬹ǽڷ΢ָԶƤϣ֪Ϊ뵽˹ɰϵ
Զ֪ԼЩĪ˼ǴģЩ̫ȻָлϣҲ޴¡
¿ǱոյķĹŵˣὫǰĹʵ
Զһ˲񣬺ܿ㷴Ӧҡҡͷ
²غ¡ỹΪǲԸϣǰȥĹϵĻѩͷķĹ
󣿡⵹ǵЩϣԶɵ¶һȵı顣
ӡ󣬻ͣԼľͲʱͰ¶ֱԻУû뵽ȻĹ
ǡ˵ͷýչżһ
ԣԶ֪ڲ̫ʺٴڴ˴Ѱ˸ȥ𴦿ĽڣҴ뿪Ĺǰ
ǽʲôԸմȾЦЦؿȥıӰһۣõͲŵ̾Ϣ
˵ǼݣʵҲû׼ʲôرĶһƵĹǰ󣬱˼ݡ
ǰϲ徲⡣
ȵɣʱΪժ溬Ц⣬ת뿪Ĺǰ
֮ǰǶ֮ΪôһԶ֮ģ
ῴڲԶ;ԶǰȥŲ
һʱ䱻˼ԶЩ޴򴽡
֮ǰȷʵԴֻɡΪ򣬻ǰĮľٴ룬ǰ¶̬ȣﶼЩϳ
Įо̫Ǳѡ˻رܡ
ĮΪҲ޲ѭԼһԭ
ԼʼĮʱ̽ˣֻΪȷǵ
֮ľطչĮȴûжĮйκθ档
ԶĬЩЦЦ֮ǰԵ˵ԭһڵص׵ܡڵ¿ԼѡǷҪ֪ܡ
ԶĬؿᣬԷ۵һĳγ
֪硣
ɾܾ֮һǣźܶԼ֪δһ¡
ֱԼ᲻Ǻϵǣࡣ
֪˵Զǹʹص˵ͷ
ǽյ̫ʢεԼΪǣֻǸողˤһӣЩ
ǣĮ󣬶Լδ
֮ԶѩɽϣΪҿѾõ¡
գҲһ㣬ǸѵõĶ졣
ʵʱ󲡵ѾˡԲ˲²ȥʲôϵ
ҲǲţԾ
˵ʱƫͷһԶԷȻϵ¶һɫ
ЦЦڵǰɣ
ȷʵЩ𾪡Զ˵ͷ
ʱľͲ䣬ƫһˮݲĵطֽܡ
л˵
ңȴֻһھƵԭ

֪е㲻̫£첻Сı֣˿ڴһˡ
һֺֻòײЩʵ۵벻ȥˡ
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


52 
ľͲڼʮǰ, ĮǿʢĲ䡣ĸӭȢ¶ΪʱҲδû£ľͲĿ
ڵʱ£ľͲ䱻Įýڽڰ˱мֿɡʱĮǿʢ, ǰܵľвƶСռ䡣
¶ʧȥԼãֱĸ̲˴أͥûȴû˿ԹѹԶˡ
ԴĽͱǰ¶Į, ԭ׺ҰǱѱûйļȮ, ٲ
ֻ˻ţԷദʱյԶȴһֶŵġ
ľͲЩʱ֪˶ԷǸʲôˡ
ǰ¶, ûʲôģƢþȼױ, ǸӲļһ
Ҫ˵Į壬ǰֶš
ѲɵľͲһҲйأԶ˼һ˼ͷԺг֡
еġйءָΪһǣ
ָһеķչļƻ֮С
͵͡šһ, üۼм˲ĳء
һûΪԶ¶֮̾ɫ
Ƭ, ͳŵѩɽ
һעҵ
ʱĮͳһĮû꣬Ҳȡйǿ, дĲ䡣
вĮ»صǸҡʱ
ľͲһս, 嵽˵ʱͼĸ䡣ڵĮʲôӻ治˵
, Ҹɥڸչʱ, ĸΪ󡣡
Ϣһ, ¶Ҳ֮е, ӱ޵شͥҪΪԼҪ˵
ĹԶҲ֪ˣ¶ʢŭ֮½ǿдߣزۡ
ĸһٱޣֽ˷ռľͲ佫֮һء
˵ʱǱͥȥľͲϵԶʵ
ͷڽҿյʣʱľͲǿ׳ôôױ㱻ռȥ˰ء
ǵʱ¶侫񱻿ѺͥʧȥľͲ磬Ǳ˵ͨˡ
Ϊɥʱ¶Ϊûг֣ӦҲıеһ
ˣԷҲôƶΪԼõĸĮйأҲŭʧȥǡ
㱻ǷҲ˿Ϊ֮ԶԸʡ
֮أ¶֪ûСͻȻһ󺮷Զķʡ
Զӹ¯˼ĿȴԷʾ˵
ῴԶЩգҡҡͷ
¶֪ʱȷʵŭʹᵶȴڹſڱ¡һֱǰ̷Ѿߣݸһױš¶򿪿󣬱ֱ뿪ͥ
šԶ뷢ʣȴڰͣס졣
ʲôݣԼֿԲõ
ʹǴԽĮ֪֮ٵԶ֪밢¶ö˸ƺ
Ǹĸţ˴˶ǶԷΨһˡǰ¶󣬶ΪֱԷޡ
Զ󣬵ʱǻİʹڲಡʱƻ˺һеġ
Ϊ˼ƻһʧûǰԼĸһۡ
ԼΩһˣıʹ˿֪
Զ֪ļƻĮڵľ档
̾Ϣܿɢɽ䡣
ĬãԶŶҿɷĹǰݣ
˵ͷԶ˵մϵĻѩȻ͸ڶԷĹȥ
¶ǷԶ
ֳһԹҰɣҲûа취ֻҵܻ
ǵĸĸڲȥҲԸͬıٷĮϡ
ǰܳ飬ӦԵҪ󣬾һذɡһˡ
Įĺƽ밲𣿡
ѩˡԶ̧֣סһƬѩ
һ뻹һ˲ͻȻƮѩɽ䣬Ҳǳе¡
ëһѩ׷ıϣƸ֮ˣѩ˪֮ǡԶֽ̧ϵѩ䣬̾
Ҹ˲εǳսǰԤСڳǰҽĹǨѩɽ˵ɣǴĹУǲῪĵġ
ԤУԶĬ
ǳսʱĮռϷ磬ȻĮѾԤϵ֣ΪλҪӦսأ
֪ԶеɻῪڽ͵ʹҸսҲһ˽Ľ档ĮȴǲܲսġʹսĮҲͶҸǰ˵ġ
Զþòֻڷ
ÿҮһҪѧ¡ҪţҪݳҪԭءֻǲȥ
ԶᲢѩУ紵ɢ˪ѩУԵø
Ǹ󣬶ΪĮǵĹȥǱδ
λʱѾע˵Ľ֡
֮ƮɢڿеѩԶԷı飬ֻԼԼЦЦ
˵ʵҲܺãǱˣȻããѩԭϲ֣ǿԣһƬоͺܺá
Զ·ǵһʶһ㡣ǰںµ۵ĻʹǸŲյԼҪҪĮĮȫͬȴơ
ͬ緢Ҳͬ⡣
ôһ˲䣬ԼĳŵѾ˵ˡڷѩȴЦ
ǽʢ֮ʱԭϵĻòޱȡҲʮֲ
л˵
Ƹ֮ˣѩ˪֮ǡԭ鶡еһʫܸƸ֮ˣѩ˪֮ǡ
ллǵĹģû˷ˣҲˡֳڹ԰ϵʱûעűģڴ߰ˣp_q
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


53 
, ǻˣԶմѩɽ
ڵſãǸϤӰ, æӭȥԶ
ôˣԶʵ
ĶҪٻЩ񲻼á
ڵѾȴǰ࣬һ, Щƣ
׼, һ̧۾ƳվԼҵĮ
˶٣ԭĻ£æһЦ, Դĵı飬ûʲô, Ƕδ£˼
ᵭƳһûдļģǺܸԶӵظȥˡ
ۿʧԶĴţջԼ̽ȥԶĲ, ,°𷣡
ԶЩɻؿһ, ĵлӵûԷָʲôӵ
ܲÿմٳܳ©ɣ
ѵǰЩ˵Ҫһֻ׺·ûԵ
Ҳòô̰, , ʱչվˡ
, ȥ˵ɡǶص, Ϣһˡ
Լһյ, ʵûоվڹſлˡ
ƥѵõĺٺõҲסһ춼ϡȫĹͷ챻ɢˡ
Լҵ󣬴Դ鷿
Զһż;ֱȥ
ķϣڳһŻЩϻ̳Ͽֵ𿪿ڵ׷ʲôˣϸ˵˵ɡ
ܿ죬Զ͸ȥ
ĮЩһ˳⡣
һĮЩĽԶеͼֽҩԸ׷һٲ⣬󲿷ֶԸ͵ˡ
ļƻཱིܸ˸Ѱʮλѵˡ
뾹һ˴ʮͽѰ˵ΪԸΨһŮĻӣ˶ԷŵԶѰĻᡣ
ʱĴǣȥ̽⼸˵ĵϸȷû󣬱ְһѣǴĮ
û뵽վЩ̹˵ʱȷʵǡ
ģȴ˵ˡ
Ϊ׵˷Ҫ˵²ſϿڡ
𽫽췢˵󣬾ͰԴȥȴԶķ䡣
һнΪ𷣡
ȰٷҲ١Զû²ʵںδ
ںԺ˿šΪ˲ɣ¶֮˵ǵǼԳƿĻһǣǹܲոģƵĳ
˵ǸԳƿа˶ߣҪſҲʮֺ
ôƿӣҪ˹ȥָĶ·Ͼһɼˡ
õȫԶ˵һ䡣ڶԷϻŸûĴأҲٿ佱ʲô
ˣ˴ɡԶ˸ƿš
ĶǸϽ鴦꣬Ȼû޵Ϣ
һǱ㽫µļ˴˹
ǰǸӦþһ˵ʦˡ
ͽ⣬һģŮӡ
ԶĵӦǸҪĻΪҵŮ
ֻģ㲻жڣҪĻǸɫ֮ͽѣӦеѶȡ
һԶ˸
Զ߽ʱֱӡ
ΪԼ󣬶ǾڸոգƺһȤ
ǱŮԶ״һʡ
СŮ˶߶»شһ䣬ͷڵϣһǫģ
Ҳ֮ǰ׼ʲôɺŪңڣԶؿڵ
ºͣڳ˭ҷ񾭡
ãڵϵ˲̧ͷٲǸոǸΨΨŵŵģ
С˾£Сҵؽ̹׵ġ
𣿡Զ̲ؿڣȻװȥˣ
ɽǳ򽻵˫ֲִڡƴҤ¶ȼߣĴɽϲһۼûС
ƴСҲǿԵġЩ˵
ǼȻ˴ɽݣȻѧϰص֪ʶ
ˣعĨǵġ˵˵ɣνŮ˭Զ˵ţ˿ϡ
һ˽ʱͷˣȻԷ˵ԼŮȴڹ顣
Լνġ̹סҲ˿Ȥȣڵġ̹ס
󣬲Żڳ⸱̬
ܶԷĶԼвȤԶڶܱԷĻǣߡ
̸ݱ˭ţ̸еȨ˭
ǰ̸ʵսĵľԸЩ˻´ࡣ
Ȼ⻰һ˱㾪̲ؿüۡЩĲɵԶ
˿壬˵ǰʵʵ˵աһֱͷŮӿڣЩĪ档
ǡܿࡹǸࡹɣ
ٻ֣ࡹڿûʲôõԢ⡣Զ˸
Ǹ塹˵͵ӦһڳһֵܷĿԶһһʮرǵݺ⡣
ǻΪĻ׷ɱű뿪ܵġ
ֻȴ檱ܣΪԷҪĸӸϾɱ
⵹еԶˡû뵽ǰòŮӾȻǺµ۵ĵӡ
ܴʱ䲻Ժµ۵ĺȻҲ˽ⲻࡣڶԷбĻӺֻ˵Ѳȥνġ߻ӡȴδ˽⡣
ѾݣŮӵ߻ӱվ
Զ̧۴ŶԷʮһòҲδȫԼΣŮӵҲѡ
ֻǶԷȻ˾ĻӣĮͲע⵽ԶЩɵؿԷ̽һ䡣
л˵
ǿԶ°࣬µɢ

ĸе٣˺һ
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


54 
ױڻᾩб, 겻ˣ˸͵İϷˡ̹Լݺ߻ӱ㲻, Լԭ߽͵
Զüÿɷ
⸱ģ߻ĿеżǰһҪ˵ʲô
ûü, 㱻վǰ߻ָ
߻ӿԶ, ϿҵؿڵѰ£һ󡣡
Զ֧°ͣʾ˵
Ӣ, 弸Ҳ˵̫áѰ£ҲͼѰһ·ˡ
߻ӽ˵̬˸ʮʮ, ̬ȶϵһë
Զȴƺûһļ󣬲߻δңһΡȻģ
£ǰ˾Щûٸʾ
̫ܽ֡͡
ԶǸ˽һʾ߻ӿϲ衣
ô, ȰڳһҲܳϿҡ̬
, 豭װģش˴ڵĲҶ, Ȼ¶һЩΪѵı飬²߻æ, ֻλҲ֪, ҲǼ, ǰ˵, ǻĮʹ, Įһŭ֮¡
ûаѻ˵ֹ꣬ؿһۡ
ľȻûл˵ôңֻǶԷϾǺµ۵ĶӣʹҲ𲻱ҪĲ¼ɡ
⻰һ˶һ£Ȼû뵽ԶĮ뷨
߻֮ǰļƻУԶĮô£ʱʱһ׾һΪ£գýԼôṧˣ
ѲǡȡԷΣȻٺݺݵر
λӵ˲¶డ߻̾ҪԶ󴬵ĿӼᶨˡ
Զв֪ڶԷԼѾһ踺ءĻľķɽɫڰΪԷѾȰˣԼϾȥϢˡ
㺰Ϳʱ߻߬ȭͷȻһҧĿʾʹһɫʾԼĵư˳
ҪλĻϹϵˡ
ǣԶͱǰʮĻ˸顣µ۽׳ĵҩص顣
Զ̾˿ĵ߻ʮڷгիˣҪȥԼߣǰ;
ۿҪˣⳡŲ˵ꡣ
߻ӽһŵҲ˳
ĸڽݸһͭǵҪֱ˽֡
Զɵضǰλ߻ЩĿ࿴
ԭΪԷΪܵȺͻĮû뵽ȻﻹһͭҪ֪ڵͭܵǮʹģͭ൱ˡ
Ǳ·߲ͨյ·ˣ
Զ̧۴һ¶ˣڵЩ룬ԷĿɾͲֹһˡ
ѵܵĻλȤ𣿡
߻ôϳҲֻǸ꣬Զ䲻̬ȴ̼ţܿסԼʵĿĸ˵˳
ԶҡҡͷǸģͲѡȷʵȤдˡ
ȻЩż붼û룬еĻѿڶ
Ҽּ̳лλܾ꣬ͻᱻĮʳɾʱҲ޷֮⣬¾ͶĮһ˵ˡ
⸱˵˵ϣ
Զ𴽽ǣ߻ƺԼģѵ̳дͳֹĮﶫ𣿡
߻ԣƺܿղŰԴԶˡ
ãԷűܸд棬öȣӯ⣬ܣδزĮܡǡ
Ļ˵ȥǾͶʴ󲻾ˣڸոѾ˵ô๬͢Ҳһġ
˵ȥͱԶˣ߻һǺеֻĮһͳ£¶ԣҲδǼ¡
⡭߻ʵǱ໰ⷬˡҲû뵽Լѻ˵ˣԷȻ޶ԡ
߻ҲȱطĻ߻պǲ˵ĺá
Զɴؽ¾ԸͿͣԷһ粵Ļᡣ
£ΪҪ߻һĮЩɥ߻ӣЩɻʵ
Ѳǿ߻С־ңǶ֮ģ
ûⷽĿ߻ӵԭҲмƣԶЩϧҲ˵
϶Ҫԭ
ӦΣԶʣ׸˽졣
ĮǸϳȥЩ̫ȷش
ױ͵У˵úµϲĸҲûʲôˣĮҲûʲôôԶ
ںߣǸˡϳȥ˳Щ˵⡣
Щˣһһᡣ
붮صͷʵ߻Ӻ˵Щأ
ܵĻλԶתתеĲյ˵Щúܣ֮˵ɡ
˵꣬Զֱ˸
״ϽСĶˣ½·;ۣƣýˣǸϽϢɡ
Զ˵ͷ޵
ʵոһ仰߻ȷʵ˵
˭һͳ²Ȥ߻ӵǾ仰ȴ
ڱ㽫̲ȷʲô¡
ڵĮڲȨҲȣ˸أδزһƴҡ
ҪǣĮյʽĮΡƶȣرĲͬԭĮ᲻ᡸˮҲһҪ˼⡣
л˵
Զ˼۸Сķɽɫ
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


55 
Įͳһ, ᲻ΪԶԪδ֪
ȻʱĲͬһ磬˵Ҳʲô֮硢֮
Ԫͳµİж, Զúܡ
˵᲻һЩ·ȻֿܣҪ·ϸ
ףţԶһģ, ߽̾޵ڡ

챾ΪԶڶһ˯, ȴû뵽һڻԼ
һ죬ôôˣ߽Щɻʵ
Ҳʳֻ, ֮ǰԶÿΰ̫࣬ڶҪ˯ʱġһμ
ΪҸ, ֪ˡԶ˴Խ˵
ƽЩ˷ܡ
ǡ챻ԶȾҲ߸˵Ӧһϴº, Զһ޵
ԶΪ, ͻȻˮȫú档
˵úˮ϶Ƴˮ, ճʹҲ㹻ˡοȻĮȱ, Ƕúܡ
Զߵ·ȥУķ, ﷺֹ, Ѳɵ½ջĮ䣿
½մǼƵ, ôҲȥĴ簡
ɻ, ԶУ
ȻҲûϵջһת۽˻׸ϣ첽Զ
ôˣʵԷջ˵̫ƣҪϢһաȴˡ
뵽ˮȣһʱ˯ˣϽѰϡ
֮ǰʿʯҺʯ࣬ʿѾճ˲١ٲֿʼˮ࣬ӪԺӾҪʯʯĩռˡ
²˵ȱ𣿡
ԱߵʯϷ棬Զ¡
֮ǰԶ˵ˮһʱʹԷҪҪ˴طһЩȴԶԳɱΪɸܾˡ
ˮǽϣ;ɱߣ粻á
ҽձú棬ϽˡԶһ£һ߻ش
úЩȡ
ⶫĮɲȱǶ죬ȥͥİҪһ㣬ܵ١
ֻҪЩúӦòԶͼҴҵѰɣ
ȻԷһ϶˵úûҪһЩķƳɵˮá
˻ԹԵ˵ŻȫȻ֪ѾȵÿҪϲ£ˡ
Įһ㶼ú̿ɹɵһණȡůδĲʲôô
Į̶£Ķȴ󲻵ġ
ǱϻأԾȣѾµԶеĿġ
¿ǴˮұĵطȻ˶ҲѰЩһơ
ұͶ춼úȼϣṩúҲṩʯҲֻұĵطˡ
ȻԶ˼ͷ
ֶĮǱȽеģҲֻܵῪڡ
С˼ῴղض˸񣬱˴ȴơ
˵ǳ˿ģ·ִ綼յü׵롣
Ȼ㹴˴ǣˣմµɽ
ĮõɽС
ԶҲû뵽һ־ô󷽡ҲĮ֮һɳʯҪұɽرء
һʱЩ֪ôشÿÿˣһС֮ģ˾֮ĸС
㿴˼ҶǶôϣȻˣС˼ң̫ȱˣиСੲݵ
ЩˮѣòȥɽҪĵطˮ֮Կɳ֮ʮǵؿڵ
ǼʶСܣʹеСѾ߸ˣܲԷջ
ǰڹ˾ʱͼ̫ϼ޻ʱˣǵıѾָơ
ЩϺԼصˣǺ飬ţһǰڳ⸱ģȻƭöԷĸԸǺ
ʱûⷽԹȻǸ
ûԸ򶯶ԷֻЩǼ⣬װɵֻžɽͥȴ˿һ㡣ǵ˼ȫ
ԶҲĵûдЦһʱҲȻҲˮ࣬ʰЩúšȹգҵĿûкʵĵط
ñűǣЩ˳ʯ򽻵ֱޱǵ˵¿ɲá
⻰˵ϹҲûʲôˡ
Щ𿪲ұʯˣĸǸ˾ȻҲᱻȥ󳡣ڵɴֱޱ֮ˡ
Ϲ·æǲͷԶھҪܾ
ҲûʲôҪ£ŵ£Ҳ˳·ȥû͵ˣܾĻû˵꣬ͱˡ
ҪѰˣȻûģѲҲֲһĮ
ⷬٶΪԶߵӡ֣ΪѶԷĮı
ԶٳԷվԼһš
ԶҲûôƴǣ͸ŶԷˡ
ʱÿ峿һ䣬ö֮Ҳûٵ緹ԡ
ĳʦΪûʲô¶ɶһԼŵϵ±ȥͽˡ
żæǻкһ¿ˡ⼸±ѧͽѹرٶȶƽտ˲١
Զв֪±ǵķաź󣬱ȥ˾ӪʿЩ̿Ŀʼоˮԭϵȡ
л˵
ƻĮ


56 
Զ˾Ӫʱ, ʿѾ¯ҹɸеúѷԺ
, ӦôһУξվѡõúԣæǰʵ
Զ˿úɸ¯ҵʿʮ, úĸҶһɶ
Ӧٹˮϴһ, ˮԴˮԭϵҪҲûôߡ
ȻʿѾúôɾˣԶȥһ, ֱˮۻ
չúʵرɢʹ˰Ժ, ۻҲѲ̫๦
һʿǱЩúĥЩʪķĩ
һԹŰ峵úʿԱߵ˸̾ҿȽˮȻúҲôõǣ
һͽϳԶȫѾϰΪ⻰, ֻǵƳһ, ڵɶ²ǿǵȫȫģ
Ҳǡ˵˵ͷٶ, һú˵һԺ
Ժӣǰˮĵطˡ
ʯıǹ̶, ÿһٽˮʯ㹻ˡʯ౻ĥɷ, ϻ𷭳, 𽥱˻ƻɫ
úҵıȷ, ٷ֮ʮʮúҶпܵ, ӵıԭϵԼص¶ȡʪȶ
ԶҲûʲôݵķӣֻʿǰղͬıˮ࣬ȵˮٿ
Ǳʿǻæźˮ࣬ԶѾ׼Ļѡˡ
֮ǰҪѩɽµƬػ̫˷ѣûнܡ
ָָ˼أԶԼѡãȥ
Զ·±ӣļƿԶԶس˸Ҿ
ҪҪԵ㶫иĻƳ
ھӪͽʿһ˵㣬뵽ҪܾãԶӦͷ±ǰ
ȿԵɶСȥ˩ոǸĻƼϽӺ˳Զǣ
ȥɡԶ˵ͷΧȥ
·ʱ㷢±Ӹ˲ٱ仯֮ǰֵ㲻ϻҲ֡
Դѷ̺±̶ġɱţ໻ǮġЩ±ζ¾Ƶģϵ𽥶Žⶼ˲١
±̶һʳȻʳζⲢá
Դ±꿪ڶǼҵһպùһա
ԭ±̵СĶҲһԶûʳĵط
˿ֻ˴ؼȥԡԶģһģǱֱӶ±ζǼʳȥԡ
ʳϰˣҲǸˡĥ˼֮󣬻ڵ
ڵı㣬±ʮζ
ֳԷһʳ±̵ⶼӺˡ
ԶҲС˵ֳԷֱӰװ±ζ˵˶Ǽʳ
ﲻëǡ±Ѱ±ζ˼֭Ķɡ
ЩҲǰԶĥ˶ġ
߲±ζЩݳޣ±ЩɶƤǲѵġ
ԭĮղôϲඹƷ±Ƥɸհڳʱܹ˿ͻӭ
ڵлƵȰ˵£ǻ˼鳢ʡ
û뵽һκ˱㳹װζ±ɡ
ڵ±ɣҪЩп˵״
ԶõС˼԰±ζĳԷ
ճð˽ɫ
øպãú;֮ҵһмֵɿڣŨŨĹ
Զǰڶʳζ˶̲ס̾ͨİճԵʱε⡣
ֲʳӯţʮܻӭԶҧŰĬĬ롣
ڳ±ζ￪
ſиصĹԱڵԶæӭȥ
⼸˴ԶΪ飬µݹͷŵ˼
ҲܹǡԶեʣĶɼˮͺЩ˱˵ЩɷϽصϢ
Ҫǣǰջ˵»ڿ󣬾޽ˮˮũ
ڵ֪Ϣ˭ܱ侲أ
Ǽսӵϵ󣬾˺ļλͬŵļᣬŵõ˽еĻᡣ
Զ״ëΪż쳣˷ܵعԱͥ
Զָļأ˺󶼾ЩСá
ȰũΧϣӰֲԶͬˡ
֣ڻֲֺϵĵط
ǰԶͻȻʵڰֵũ߶Щ
һû̫Ӧֹһ䡸Ǽ֡ʱͱվ˾ݺһš
Ķ˾һ䣬Ͻƿǰǰȥ
·ʱͷһۡ
ոջһɷģ˾ת۾ͶԶЦ¶˰˿ݣظԶŰҪʹõĹߡ
ƨɣŤͷԱߵͬѯԼߵԭ
ҪǴˣҲ㡣ͬŵ¼Ȼ˷ʣһǶũʲô⣬˵ܸһõũߣô˵˲˭
ͬһһʱЩ顣
ͷЩ֪ʵҸոô˵»᲻
һ֮£᲻᲻Ǹũ߰
ͬſһ̸ĶˣСȵس˰֣Ӧᡣ
ǾͺãǾͺáһǰ̸
Զͨ˵Įʹõũһµ˽⡣
ò˵﷽棬ĮԭǲԶˡ
ַʽʹõũ߶˼ʮꡣ
Զƶ񤡢μ⣬һΪԭµġ
ҲܹǣﱾͲĮó¡ټһֱѿ֪ⷽʶּϣʳĮڵľҲӦġ
Զ̾˿ǰأлŸʽũûʺĮġ
ͼֽС
£ǹӪ⣬ҲȻҪеˡ
ԶĮĹ˸ָͣΨѰġ
ãĮҲȱĽˡȥ󣬾ȥ輸
ɫҲˣеĿѾﵽԶż˻ͥ
⼸˻Ҫڣֲϵĵط¼
л˵
Сܣȱ˾ȥҪ
ƻͨ
-
Ƕ簲
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


57 
ԶڽϷֵ, ·±ʱÿ˶һ±ζ;
ʱѾЩ, ٺһ¡
쵹ǿ԰ũߵͼֽ
ũߣԶʵ˽Ҳ㲻ࡣ
ǰûֹũߵ˽ֻǰоԺʱĹļż, Ҳǵð˾Ųʮˡ
ϵЩũߵʲʺĮ, ԶԼҲ̫
ýеĹԱǶԸַ˽ˣӦҲΪıһ
ũֹصĹߣ֡ոҲڡ
еȻҲһְѡ, ͷأҲǳݵһѺ֡
ǵԼҲֻǸ⺺, ԶֻĥصĹߡ
ֺո棬ȻǰߵôټĳɱҲͣȽҲ١
صĹߣ硢ҡ졢¡ʮе, ಻ͬĵʽ
ԶȰѿһ۾֪õũ߸޳ȥ, ʣµĹҲһȫʡ
Զ˼˺һֽеĹԱ, Ŵѡ˼ֺĮеũƵߡ
ͿڰԭеũϽиĽܽЩɱ
, Զִ, һ뵽һƳͳֵԯ硣
ԯĺô˭֪, ֮ǰĸ, ܲ, Եͷת䣬һʡ
ڵĮ˵ԯ磬ֱԯ綼ûдﵽռ
Զ̾˿Ҫðõԯ磬ֵûǮ
ԯŵҲʵʵġ
Զ֧̿ʣʼֽϹԯͼ
ԯҲг֣֮ԯڳԯ磬Ҫӵ㡣ڻľǶԯ硣
ֹ˰ʱԶڻͼֽ
ȡֽѹסϨ˵ƣЩ۵Ĳ鷿
˶ϵԯͼ⣬ǿѹڰֽµֽţͻᾪȵط֣ԶľȻϵͼֺ
ϧǣ½ҲֻԶһԽߡ
ͼֻֽܾϣ»˵ԼĹ¡

ڶԶȥһʱ˳µֲһš
ճԹŻԼڣԶͨ˵йˡ
ЩԶӲصļˡ
ǱԶйΪ˸ũЩ
ϾЩũ߶ǰϻģʲʺĮ˵
£˵ˡ
ԶվԸ˵鷿Ұɡ
컭ͼֽ鷿š
ȥԶȥ˼·Ŵ˵鷿
¡
һţϵĲ弸˱վԶȥ
ԶҲûǿףֱѽͼֽ˳ݸˡ
鷿ʱ
˶üͷԼбֽãſʼŤͷȥԵ˽￪
⼸ΪͨũµģʹһʱҲûŪͼϻĶ
ֻǿϳһ糵ǽṹʽϤ߲ͬ
ԶÿһԱ߶עϸĽͣŲڿúͷ
£𣿡
ã鷿вɵ
Զֻֽߣǲδŵ
ҲܹԶ̾һ
ҲǽѯߵĮ̴Ӳ֪ڵĮʹõߣһΪª͡
ͷͷ⣬ԭʼũ߲˶١
ԭЩ˹ԯԯԭ㲻
ԶֻðǼ˶еԼߣֽϻԯϸͼ⣬ϸϸذÿ㲿һ顣
⼸˶㱿Զ½һ󣬶Է˽ԯĹԭû׷ѡ
ǸĽԯûϷˡ
ԶֻȽһܳȵʵµؿ޸ġ
ʣµļũ߶㸴ӣûԶŪˡ
⼸ǿʹõĹߡ
ڰصİҴǵԶձƳһ˫ҡ
ҵ߸һǰľԯľϵͿţľҡ
ϵǿƽ︲죬ԼԵľͷ֮ǰشЩᣬɣЩʺƽ
£ô뵽Щߵİ¶ݡ
ó⼸ũȻڰҵƵȴԶԶԶͼֽϵũߺʡ
ԶҲ֪ôһΪϤֻ֣ðڳһȻģ˵˾ܵ
ܲ˵Щũ߶һġ
ĳ˵Զ⻰Ҳ㲻ƭЩͼֽɲǴϵģ
ֻûеˡ
ǰѯʽԯ絽ʲôʱ
ڵõԶϸ֪ĳŵ󣬲Ŵͼֽ˸߲ҵ뿪
ߺԶ˰ͼֽ͵ľ
ɹҲһӦͼֽʼԯ
ũһºԶȫעˮϡ
ˮʱѡʱɡΪҪʱʱˮҪʱҲͶЩ
ܱ֤治ѣ̺ˮӲҲߡ
Զ˼ѡ˶Щʱ֤ˮ
ڽˮĵطʯʯĸڡ
ÿŻߵ¶ȻҲ͵Ͳˡգͬļˮ̸͸ˡ
ȷʺϽˮȺԶȥаռЩú
Ȼˮ೧ʯĸˮೡɣҲҪһЩʱա
֮ǰԶʰЩúƳɵˮպÿھӪ´Ժӡ
ܸҲ롣
ɵԺԶĹ
ĽҪ֮ǰӳйûӪİա
ЩдЩûԴ긾ˣһֱھӪҲʲô֮ơ

⼸ͥУͷβͻȻһϢ˵ǿüеʣúȥӪﻻʳ
úͿԻסǽϴɾټӰ
Ȼһײ࣬ú԰˵һôûС
ھȻܶ٣һĺ¡
ҲУûʲôӪϢһСһѼúҶռúɾɼеȥӪﻻ
Щ¥ݵģÿúҲֻǹ˲𣬱ֱӰúһˣʡ˵ȥ鷳
Щղú̿ɹɵľͷȡůˣӪÿյҲ׬Ǯ

죬ղúȥӪףߵſʱȻԼھԪ֡
ԪּҲúȻҲҪȥӪġ
סԪʱԷҲԼ
˱кţһӪȥ
˵ǵҪЩúԪֿʵ
·ģ˱һûһ졣
զ֪ǵҪģղһԷ⻰ץסص㡣
㣬϶ǵ°Ԫָһ񣬡룬˼Ҫúûã϶ʳֲɵЩú϶ôģ벻ˡ
Ԫַ˷ϵıⵣ˵ҾðúôľǵˡˡָС
ղ⻰ȻŲɣ˵˵£Ȿ¡
ǣҲͬ뷨
Ҷúô˾޴ĺ档
Զúʯɽ׵ҥԡ
Ӫǰŵӵİնڻʱ׵ĽʿѯŴ¡
ҪƽָǲҺЩִĽʿϢģܲסʵ̫棬ǸĵӶ
ĽʿҲǸ˾˭ôһЦشŹǴײһõĻ
л˵
ԯĺôο˰ٶȰٿơԯ硹
ʿѧʦںָǸۺŵ˲š
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


58 
Ӫ, ǰʱѾʼȲˮˡ
ҪܺӪеĽʿǣһҪˮ䷽췽ʽϼӱܣвɳ
, һ˷Ը
סվڸ߽µһ࣬æشӦ
ֲ֪֮ð˳
ŶԷҴȥıӰЩɵؿڵ, ˮܲй¶ȥ𣿡
ῴһ¶ɫ, ûпڣѾ˼һˡ
׾ԾѿûеĻ, 粻֪˶ٱˡ
̾һüͷ,ǰˮɰʯһ˶ǽȥˡ֪ǶǽǼ᲻ɴݰ
أ˵ʲô
ϣƵǰ˵ѵûпǹҲµݻƵӣⷨǽ, ǽ빥, ǿǲ֪ҪѶ˰
ְΧתǸϵһߣʵԶͻȻ뵽ˮķӵ𣿡
Ȼǡ
Ȼ֪Ự˼
޷ǾԶȻ֪ˮ췽, ûܻʱ˵ȻҲ
½һ
̾˿, ϶Զʵ̫, ɵؿڵʱ, ֽķӲҲǵ̸ȴʦ𣿡
˲֪, ǿĺܡ
ܵĻᾩʱͻȻ˺üֽ, ֻֽֽ۵֮һ
һЩֽ̱ļ嶼Ҫѹ⼸ϸһȴЩֽǴµĲҵ
µȴʦܵµĸɮʹеĴҲҪɵ֡
ˣⷬٶҲõѧӵ
ڴʱѹЩֽҪܵܵĶ˵Լⲻ˵𺦵
ΣЩֻðԼҹֽ۸
ˣǻ˵·ųϢ˵µֽˣŮ٣Լ޽󣬴ֽ뿪ֽ
ڻᾩеֽѾһ룬ٴʩȥֽ꣬ܵ۾ͻήһĵز
ԭЩֽ뿪ĹҲΪֽżĹ㷺ػɡ
Ҫ˵Ժµ۵ᶼԶԶȲԶ
ҲһԺµһִٳֽܵҵ״
£ǲȫȻԶ
ᵱȻ֪ǵĹǣЩ˶Զ˽⻹ǲ̡
ԶĮ£һĮ£Ὺڣ׼˵ڵȰ롣
ǡȷʵûСǹȻ졣
ûУԶĮʱһǶĮմĺ¡
ˣΪλᵣĮתϣӸµؿǡ
ҡҲǸ˼ҡǲ֪Լ뷨ֱͷ
Զڴ˴Ļܺɵ˼
ȻĮ£ȴпܻ
ǵ˵ʵ졣
ȥɡ˰֣ǲ鲻ԸУĿͶԷ¡
ǣ˶¡̾˿Ѿ͸Ĳˮһ
ֻƺһ£ԶûκҪذĮġ
ĮλİչϸõҲΪԼĲı档
ԶͬĮǲҪκεġ
ȻڶԷʱһӣһ֮
ῴԶʹûİԷҲδزܴһƬ
ǵĺһʼվ˱ˡ
ҲԶѡԭ
ԷһУΪκһ棬Ϊͨա
ΪرΪԶģҲֻиṩһûиšȫɵĻʩչԼĲŻˡ
ոǰػʱͽ̷˶ȥ
ڵĵڳˡ
ú󣬲Ż뿪
ԶԼһȥļ󿴿ɲϹʱ䡣

˵ھӪ˵Ͻκ˽ˮй¶ȥ
ȥɽ·ϣԶе¡
ԸʱûбܻԶ¸ûıҪֱӵӦ
Զͷ˶Էһۣ̲ؿڵڽ𣿡
ʲôװɵ
ɱװˡԶ˳µԶ˵㣬ϲǵˮķܻƣ޽𣿡
һû˼ֻǾˮһ´ȥ˶ϵ£ºòײŹ찲ӣɱΪˮҪ鷳
УԭС֮ĶȾ֮ˣϵǸ
Զ·һʱ˳һ֦ʱš
ĽͣҲûʲôķӦνĵǸ͸һӵķܡ
½Ա̬ȣ˺ܶࡣ״ƲͻȻ̾һ䡣
ĪǾ¶ˣԶæŸ֦ᣬͷû̧ػһ䡣
ЦҡͷȴԶĿԼϣֿڵǸ˼̬Ⱦͺܺá
Զ̧ͷһۣ˵ͷΪӦ
֮ǰͥĽϹ俼ʱ˳һֻݱӡ
ȥΪ棬ֻӲ䣬ֻʣһصĲݹ
ո·Ǽʱϵֻ֦ӲĲ֦úƣһ֦
˵ǱСˣᶼʮַѾ
֦ڵЩͷԶ԰ӵ·ߣ۾ظ·
ҪȥĵһɽͥԶɫհ˱㵽ɽµڿ
ӭǵһɽĹ¡һᣬ͹ؽ쵽Ӫڡ
ԶᱻһԺ
ԺӲ˵ס㰤һмֻһǽ
䷿ϵ
չأԶӦסһ᷿
ոڸ·ʱ˵Ļİõס
ȻԷ˵̫һ㣬Ҳֻùˡ
вɹáůסɵ˲ȥ˯᷿

ڶգԶĴ£йһȦ
ɳĿʯȱ˳ɽұĵطӹԭʼҪȥӹܱ
ұһֱͥճʹáһǱȥǱߵȴһӹվڸߴָһСƬ͵
ӹɱ𣿡Զ˳ָķ򿴹ȥ
طպÿԿʱȼú̿ð̣ԼæµȺ
ԣ뵽ȥ𣿡վŵʯͷѯʵ
ǾȥɡԶ˵ͷ
ط˵⣬˵һ˹ɽſڻرء
ͷȻʶᣬ˸˵һߡ
ʶԷҪһյ͵ƣԶ˽ȥ
ȱٲɹ⣬ֺ䣬ȷʵǸűĺõط
͵Ƶ£Զڿľ
źıΰڷţԶ߽ȥоһʽعͷʵЩǸõı𣿡
ĹüǷһڰĪЩ׺ݡ
ǣô֪ģ
һڣüеķͷ·Ǵһɢˡ
к棬оȣôһԼûġݡ
µġԶеıܵػһ䡣
͸ĬĬΪŵƣ߿һۣǱһ¡
ãԶڲιϡ
˳ɽԶͻȻڵ֪֪һרſı
ЩɻءţһԷ
Զһ߱Ȼһֵĵ͵һܳԼһɣԼʮ߿Уնʱǳ㡣
˵꣬üֿڶԷóƵ˼
˵ֵǷǳϡ棬ǲ֣ǣסǡ
һ̹ȻģղССȻûá
ʲôոһʱ᲻Ӧ˵ôҪ
˵ֵҪѶҲߣѴģռңֱȻһ£аɳʮܻҲǼ¡
еԶһ
ոѵںһЩӰҲг֣ɵʵʽƳʱİ
ʢʱڣʿǾǿһУͻǿдɱķġ
ںİҲȷΪ˵ЩԭʧʷĳС
ھº͹Ϊǿʢʢʱڣ޷İھռ֮ʱˡ
Զ룬ǳεس˶Է˵ȷԡ
ЦЦ뿪˴˴
ԶվѾͰˮ೧λûûѡá
ɽĹ½ָ˼ʺϵĵطǣǽҪѡȥʵһ
߳⣬͸Զݹһϸ֦
ԶЩɻؽ˹ѯ⡣
ҵѵ֦Ц
Զû뵽Լ·ϵһһԷһ֦ɵΪһʱЩ촽
ᵹǲ⡣ҲƳ֦Զľٶ˳ָһ֦
۵֦ú񣬵ȴͬһֲҲһ㡣һظԶա
ʹҶԭϣԶĶǱ಻һС
ᶢԶ޳˫ֿ˺һ󣬲ְǸ֦˳ڵ»ǱΪˣȻ±һɡ
ŶԶص˵ͷپݱһ¡
л˵
СܣʢǶĺ汦
ʽοٶȰٿơİ


59 
ȷˮ೧λú, Զҹϻͥ
⼸յѾ𽥿ʼˣʹҹ·Ҳ̫䡣
᱾Ϣһ, ڶߣȴ⵽Զǿҷԡ
ۿŴҪˣ׼û꣬æ÷, ﻹʱٵһա
ԶǹԯĽչ, ʹǸ·ҲﵣܲĮء
һ̧ͷͿϴ, ʱһ
ΪĮľȫ¶, Լȴһµģ
ֵǣǰд£ȻֱӴ򷢶ԷԼ
Զҡļһ¶ԷĮĮ
룬ʱһơ
Զɤӣ˵⼸Ҫæũ, ʱ˲޽Ǳ, ֪ûпգ¿Щȣ
ſһֻӥ, ˼ԼҪҪֻһ·С
Զʱһ²ŷӦԷ˼
ԷԼ̫ˣ
Ҳİ, Լ֮ǰѾӦԶ, ڽ궬첻ս
ͥûʲô·, Ҳǵڹ, Ȼ¿ˡ
ǰΪΰѸũĴ󳼴򷢸Զ
Ҳ濼ġ
ۿԶһֱæص, Լ´ߣӰ˶Էļƻô죿
Ĳ͵ֻǵȷʵûʲôѡ
аԶδ˼ѸٵشӦ
»ʲôҪ𣿡شϣҪѯʡ
ԴвŸɻڹĺ飬ȻҪ˳ŶԷ⣬Ӧˡ
˼⼸ڣֻ֮ӥʧˡ
ֻĸźջ˴ڹϴ֡
̬õı֣Զŵǿ˳
õؼͥͶ뵽˻ȵҵС
ͥĸػڵӣĹȺ͸ַʽռ˺صԭ
ƬزдѩɽĺдƬţ
˵ӦǺʺϸֵزǡ
ĹȷʽμԽԽأĸҲظӵƶ񤡣
ڴ󲿷ֵĸػûչϾĵزŬŬָܻ
ҪǾͰչٹϰʮ꣬ûܣ⿿Щ˻أĮҲܰԼ

ԯôˣԶһ´ľ
ǰգͽԯҪĲˣֻľǱ߻ٳûи㶨
ӦúվãľҲǵһμеĥһЩʱա½Ǳߵһһʮػ㱨Զ
֪Զԯ磬ԼÿüεضľǵĽȡ
СԶ˵ͷú֪ͨҡ
ʮһ»㱨⼸Ľȣһ˼ԯһ¡
Į̫ˣǽĹͥľԯ粻֪Ҫʲôʱȥ
Ǵ춼ԯҲ
֮ǰƻͥһѧУڿƻҪǰˡ
Զ˲¡ȷһšȥľǰһļѧͽĸʾѡһЩԸ̤ʵѧϰ˳Ҹŷеľѧϰ
ھȥ졣
ȵȣ
ԶסҪǵ£ǵðѸĴҲд֮ҪѧУѧϰ¡
ˣеľҲҪǽ֮ǰѧУ£Ӧ֪Լô
֮ǰԶں鿪ѧУʱͬǡԼ¡Ҫǲò˽Ѳ԰Ҫͬѧϰ
ӦģҲΪѧ˵Ҳߡ
ʱǺܱ˿صģԶȫȻں˿ĻǼ
Щ˵ǽѧ˵λӮñ˵𾴣ȸǽǮƶǻҪ
ǵ£Ҫôأ¸Ҫ뿪ˮһµİԶû˵Ͻ˻ѯʵ
޽ݣԶӲľƬֽˮɰʯɡ
ĳɱȻҪשʯǽĳɱҪߣӦҲʵ
ˮԭ϶ҪʲôǮҲһЩɱ
ΨһѶȱˮǸҲϤ޽ݵķǰ춼Զڳ£ָӹǲŸҶֵġ
ԶҪȥæԯ飬ӵĹⶼЩû
㲻õģһ£ѾĮˣᰲźõġԶ͵
ԭأòųɵؿڵ¡ź𣿡
ôˣԶʵ
⡭֧֧˺һžίؽԼĹ˵ڡ
Įû˹ʹ£νҲ˽⣬ǽ½Į𣬻᲻ᡭ̫׵
µǵı飬ͲѡĮУָ˴¡⼸дԼˡ
ʵƾĶۣǸԶ£Ҳ֪Էʵæ
ǽ½ĮеĲ
ԶŶԷ˵Ļֲ˵Ǳʮ־ı飬ʧЦɷĵذѴ½Į
ڴӿɽͥ·ϣѾˮ෽ע˵һˡ
ƤӶҪĥˣҪǻܸ⣬ҲʲôĮתԹҶ֦ˡ
ȸˡԶһгģҲֻýŽɵظ뿪

һ磬Զٴθ֮Լһũ
ǵһԯϵӣԶҲһ㵽Լĵص㡣
Ǽվ¢ϣŸţԯ磬ũһһֵŵء
ѵũ⣬Ա߻һӡ
ЩҪģôǻ񻰣
ũ߬ѣָͷ췢ˣӸæο
Է㣬·ּ磬ƣũʶر԰Ƶũһߡ
ڶԷָ£е˳ת˸ʼһƬ
һغܿ㱻꣬ũ˷е磬Щŵش˴֣ѯʵС˸ոոɶûУ
ĺܺáԵ¶ָϸһ߲ͬλá
ǰȥ罨ָ·ʱȻҪǳͽ̧Щ
ڲܰѷƵ࣬
һ꣬ũǣţվһ࣬弸ȴȲŵ
ԯеĻҪ㰡ôһﲻƬ̱ˡһ˸̾
һǸԯЧץһ꣬Ҳ޵ˣ㿴أҲˡ
Ƕһˣ㿴Ǳ߸ĵطǲز©ʮ־ȡ
⻰ˢˢ̧ͷȥ
һعȻʮƽ֮ǰͬĵز֪Ҫ˶١
£ԯ̫ˡϽյԶߡ
ոָũصˣһ͸ϹԶ
л˵
𽥱µķϰϻ˵Ĺ¡
ԴڰٶȰٿơ
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


60 
Ǿû𣿡Զ, ʵ
˭⣿ԯ

ôߣëĹƾˡ
ԶĿɨ, ҶصԴ
ֻվԶĲ廹ûӦ⧲Ŀԡ
һ䣺£ʲô𣿡
ʲô⣬Ǹ⣡
Զַ, ԾЩѾΪԯԲз۵Ҳõ, ֻñ֣һתȥ۲
뿪ıӰĪЩȴ˲һ, һԵسԯ硣
Χʲô챦һΧת
һӲšܡ񾡹صĳ
Щ˹Ǹ˷ܾ, ͼ˵˭ֵþġԯĲ֣æԶ״
Ϊһٷ֮ͯ۵Ĺˣǲ֪ԶǵĵģȻûͬܡ
ʵԶԼҲ֪ĵûе
ԯֳƽ, ˵ӦǺͽظǡ
һָεĵش, Įر
ˣܾðԯԭⲻذᵽĮƬϺ, ԯ粻Ӧñֵˮǡ
ԯ²ۣҲҿ
û취, ˭Զǰϵеʱ, ǿİ޼ԺӵĻľ, ˾̻Ŀأ
ȻǲȺڰ
ܿǰһ, ҷʡ
ЩûϷ, ڿֻܵԯͶʹúͶǻˡ
εĿУԶ˳Ǽ˵⣬ԯǣȥо
ҲﻷΧԯԱ߾ó׼õĸһҪͬͬ˯ļơ
Զ֪ͷϣָ극ҪԯڵתһȦ
ҪԯˣľǱٲҪԶšٵ飬벩ȥ󣬾תľ
Զһ̤ľĴţǰĵ·ͱѶľǸ˸ˮйͨ
ԶԯֱͼֽڶԶάͼֽѾʮϤˣԶûԹָ
ǶԯѾòˡ
⼸֮ǰڹʱҲûٸũߣԶȴδŵġ
ˣЩֻܿԯʹ÷㡢ʡʱʡȴܿһĶ
ԯ粻˹ȥĸ⣬ĹҲǴѧʡ
ԯ繹ϽûһõĵĵطÿһƵʮ־ɡ
Զһƣ֪ԵɣʱЩ˼
¶ɫҲ֮УϾͶǻۣȴһðȻ֮
Զ֣һжѵԼ֮ǰ鼮ϵļء
ĳصũһ¸磬ǡñһ·˿ͼ¼Լμ
ⱾֱԶп
˵лƽݺˣôмûеũҲɣٳʲôҲְɡ
Ϊ˵äĿݺԶʼѯһ¡
ڹǿѧͽѧȻֻһ֮Ĳͬɴȥˡ
ѧĶǲͬģһбƸ˺ܶࡣ
ԶȻϣЩտԱһĿѧϵͳѧϰȫʦڿഫͽԼʵĥ
ʵȻҪʱ䣬ģǰǱдһ׻Ľ̲ġ
ľѧѧ֪ʶɣ
ѧϰһЩͬľĵѡҲɡ
һЩľùߵʹ÷ҲҪѧϰɣľͷîṹԼҲӦհɡ

ټһͼֽ档
һһġľ֪ʶֲᡷˣ
˻ѧͼֽ棬֪ʶȻòԶġֻҪⱾĴܹͺãʣµȻЩվտܹɽɡ
ˣ⼸ſγ̻ʵϵĿγ̡
ִʾǡʵϰ
˭ûϹƵġ
ڹʱֻֽίȺѧУĵһѧȰ빤ˡ
⼸գͨѡεѧѾľʼԼĵʦ빤ѧϰ
ǰ죬ԶľҪϢһҪ˼Ҿͼգľǰı˳ӡ
ƽѧͽϢȻô̡
οԲͬ
ҲǡľԶġһ㹻֮ͣʾϵĴĶˡ
ѡѧڽ꿪ԽѧԺѧϰľգܶ֡
Ϊѵõǣʾϻ˵ͨѡεѧѧԺǩԼѧɺֻҪѧԺµ꣬ͿһеÑá
ˣѧԺʳ޵ķá֮ҲȫǰĳǩԼ
ƶ˼ҵĺӣÿ벹ɼͻѧнá
ǿ԰װѧһգǱ죬С׬һʡ
һʱһԼļնһ򵥵¡
ʱѧһܺڵոѡ󲿷ֵͨ˶ǿԼһάơ
ܿɹĻᣬҲѹֳаջἤˡ
ΪһѧУҪԯѧǵĿƶȿνʮϸһѧˢȥˡ
𿼺˵ĿҲǣεĿ⣬ȹѧУʽѧʱѡεı׼ͻɺܶࡣ
⻰ڰοЩɥѧ󲿷˶¶ģȵؼ֮һҪοԵݶѧϰһ飬ȡڼºʽӱ
̬ѧȥ󶼿ʼпͥоȻһѧϰ˳
ˣͷβҲ
ѧԺɺ᲻ῪרҵչĻʲôемĹɲȥӦƸʦ᲻ŮӣŮѧԺȵȵȡ
֮ڵͥУѧԺѾŵĻ⣬ܱߵĲ䣬ʼѯʴ¡
ҪǷŵִǵĳѰϹʮµĲС
ڴ£Զƻ
׼ȷ˵ӦԶƻḺͷͬ⡣
Զܲð칫ǩֶ졣
ΣѾ˾顣
Զв˿ţϣϢܳű紫ĮÿһأŷƻĿչ
»صľ⼸գԶæűд̲ģ빤ԯ
ϸѡιȻЧģѡѧʹ㲻ʴӱҲܿһ䡸һͨ
ŲգЩ˾Ѿԯ粿ˡ
ڷֲԯԶ֪ͨľĹǣǿʼԯ硣
һԯ磬Զļƻȫðǡ
һǿǵũ˵ļͥҲǿǵԯǵһǳʲô⣬ðȥҲʮֲΪ
ԶĵһǸûаš
Įڵũҵˮƽʹÿ겻ո˰ЩάҲѵúܡҪ޲ãⲻҪ־ȼǡ
ҲĮķϵԭ
ûţڵһ꣬ȥ׬Ķ࣬ȻҲͲԸȥ
ղȥֲ͸ߣҲ͸
ֱһѭ
Զ֮ǰĻʲô˼ˡ
Įǲսһ·ûС
ڵһжʼˡ
Զһڹæµǣѵһֺ嶯
ǵһԴһĿ춨˹˾δʮĻҵʱ̳ǸƮҡļţһӵĹ˾߲һ̣ʶ
Ұġ־򶼿δĳһʵ֡
ҵͼ𽥷չ׳󣬹˾Ҳȶȴʧȥ˵ֲһеĳ徢
ʼ˷âΪ˺ǸԵõܡ
ڵһǸλʱ־ȴûб
ΪһߣԶ֮ϡһ߸ϵľûκȤֿĳɾ͸С
ʱα仯һֱǸһǰܣһѵʴȡҰĵĿߡ
Į״սԣԶо־Υ˷ܡ
ڸıŰգ˻棬ڻᶨظıʱ
Ǿֻһͨˣһȴпøá
룬˷ܵùͷ顣
ԶӦ뿪ԭʵֵĵط
֮Ǿ뱻ȵĹϵ
ûԶǵϣ
ԶûǣԻǸЩӡ
֮ƽȵĹϵǻҪ
л˵
㻹һ˾ö࣬ûֵʱ䣬ֻϻдӡԸ»᲻ȣͻõġ


61 
, ĮϢ˵ǱߵķὨˣҪҪȥ
̫ոƫ, Զ޵ϢһʹĴ
⼸Զľ׫ǱСľ֪ʶĽ̲ģͬʱҪԯȣֱæýŲմء
ò׽ǱߵĹ, ׼Ϣ, ὨɵϢʹ˹
ôأֻдӻ޵·ϵͷǰӪ½ˮ෿¡
Ȼ⼸ӣԶ˵ǡΪ󶹺ĸ, ѵľӪ㡱ʵ޽ȴֹڴˡ
Ļɫˮ෿ţʮ, ǸӪٸʿס´ˡ
ԶôķȻԼĿ쵽֮ͳ̿һ䣺аɱ⣬ЩҪëջһЩ
Щ̿ҲʵˣԶĻؼڵͥҪɱ, ˰ǵë, ȥЩ̿ͺ󣬲Żһ衣
һһռ, ˲ë
ЩëûоϴҲûϸ޺ʹëּ, ضһ, ǳۡ
ʼЩëԶԼڵĲֿ, ˼κ, ֻٸѰȥ
ٺ, Щë͵˹ԶרŹЩ˰ëֳɴëϸޣϴɹɾ
ݱĸʱо˼ƽϡ
ëƳëձܴë֯ë°
˵Ÿë߱֯Ǳݱʱӡ
Ǳ֯Ӧй֮ͬİɣѧҲ̫ѡ
⴦ᣬΪ˸ڹ㣬ͬҲΪ˽չëձëµһϵëƷҵġ
˵ݱ࣬ԶͻȻڿɽʱӦĲݱ࣬ڶ˶ˣҲûӰ
պýҪᣬºúóһ¶Է
Զ˾ٵΪһݱСжֻʱæòɿһ뵽ͬʱÿѵʿ⣬µģͷǳزƽ⡣
ݽ˵ڻʹٴĲ
ˡһһʨȥɽ棬ÿ춼Ҫȵڵʱ򣬴ٲŶһ
ỹϴ裬νʮʼˡ
ƾʲôعÿȴյظүƵġ
ѶӦԶʵдա
һ·ϣԶ˼ʱҪܼȷ̵ԷԵԼǳСۡ
½ķǰûü˵һ仰ͱƵĳ޸ˡ
Ҳ֪ôô̵ʱڷ˾춯صı仯ġ
֮ǰǾһЩۣԶ۾ȱۣȴҡһ˿ȺȺ
ԶԷ֮ı仯סˣԭ׼õĻҲ˵
ڴ֮зӦ׼úÿɽһŵԷʱͿͳһƴĲݱ˹
ǲݱಢʮȴϡԿŴٵģġ
ԶĳܶѾ׼ˣȴĲݱٸµߡ
ˣЦҲڴ˿ǡʱ
Ҳ֪ϲʲôͱһٵģǵϲٸ±һڲģġ
ı෨֮ǰĸѧģΪԼǵãû뵽겻ʹˣ˺ü⣬Ҳǰν²
ỹੲݣԶѾսȭͷ
ôݱ࣬ȥо֯ëˣ
Զҧ
һԱȣԵԼոһ·ǶôСۣôȡְ
ŬһЦӹĲݱ٣һͺãͲ鷳ˡ
ò˵ݱӦ˲ٹģһ۾ܿó
ܺãֵ˼֡
ԶҪЦЦıʵЩ׽͸̽ſڣʵôˣ
Զ΢ЦҡҡͷѲݱڵûʲôͻȻԼǳС
û׹
û¡Զǳתƻ⣺ӽôˣ
ڻصϤĴԪԶһ߽һ߹һȦ
Զڻ˽ͼֽֽ๤ְ𽻸󣬾ûעߡҲǵһμƷ档
ɺͼֽʱҪ׳۵ĶࡣһģһǸճʮһʮעĿ
ڲõĽͻӭɵĸŮʼëߣë֯ë£ǵĶ죬һʵϡ
ͥղ²ŮѧԺҲὨʱͻɷ֯ҵͬѧǵʵϰء
ʼѡھӪԱʱҲЩĿдѻδĸŮ﹤סᱻһЩåƦϣǳȫ
ھӪԱ߾ûⷽĹˡĸåǿ벻ڸǷʿƤӵ·أֲ
ھӪеʿ᲻֪Ǿ͸ӲˡҪҶ˼ڶͻǵԴھӪſڡ
ҲԶȽһ㡣ҪôǿҪôũֿʱѵһ֧רҵʮܿɵá
׾ǺľƶȡӪʿɱѡζӪͻӦѵͬı粽ѵҲͬ
˲ΨһҪҲڲ̵ʱĸذæ
ЩصӦû̫ع
еĿ֧Ҳɹṩս˵ľˣҲӦĲ͸
׶ԡ
һ֧ӣÿĿ֧СԶԵĹ㣬һ֧׾ÿĻѾͱȫľѿ֧Ҫࡣ
ôҲԶ׼ġľӸҺ׾ӲӲ
ܻսУ֧ӴδйܼȻȡĳɼҲ벻һľָӡĽ졣
ԶڲͬսӦʹʲôսϣ۹Ρ
ȼ䣬ܿԷھġ˵ǲܣ˵츳Ķ
ѩɽ͵ǣѸ͵ӥ·ӵ
ԴѪж˶ٱ飬ս֮Ტ۵ġ
˴һ֧ӣܱýڽڰƺҲʲôֵþ¡
л˵
᣺źðۣ
ԶȭĬɵ۳̡


62 
Įڵľ, ֻӴĺôԶԶͶĸ
սսĵ·վܳԶ
սеѪᣬȥͼͥɢ
еѡӪеʿԸ, ÿѵЩʯңˮĹٺͬůĿ졣õǷĴγԶս, ҲΪԼڵϥ̷еΡ
ԶŤͷһĨǽĽʿ˵ᡣ
ǲ۹, ԶܸоֹսһһοŽʿսɳ, ҲӰÿµ๤ĥһ²ݱ༼
Զ˶, Ҫڣȴ־˵ЩΪʱ磬Ҫ̫һ翵ĳŵֻҪĮһرãһսᵽ
֪Ϊ, Զǵ΢Ĳ, ͻȻɢˡ
ˡһԵˣĵûûɡ
˼ڡˮδнӦá, Զط֣Է״̬Ҳе㲻ԡ
ѵԼո̫ĮˣԶɻ
ʹǼڶԶ, ҲܲжԷ뷨
Ϊʱ˿Ŵȥʦ
Ǹ, ˾õİ취, ǲͣؿ޶Էոþѧ, ϡؿԶǺѧʶ, ԶȴûһҪĴ㣬Щϲõ鶼ûбֳ
ȻͲöǸ˵Ļʲôڴ
ỹڷ޷޲ƽԵԶȴת˼·
˿⻹һҪ
¸ոҲ֮ǰڽݱĸ˸˹
Ǹʱһֱڶ¡Ϊ̤ʵܳԿ࣬Ҳʮȥվ͵õ˾ӪйµϿɣÿ󶹵Ļơ
ԶǵĴܺãԴӵĸӶʳǵ
ǰŮɫҲ֮ǰ࣬ϵ·Ȼأȴϴøɸɾ֮ǰԶڽʱֱˡ
Զڵģ֪òɵҲмָˡ
½ս֪Ϊ£˽ַǰŬѹסԼеļ
Զŵͷ󣬾һֱԶĻмȴʼûлĸмձ֪ͨҪԼǼһҹδ˯
Զѵʱİѩ̿ǶԷ춼ͱ˽ֱһ߳Ķʬ裬ʹ̵İ
ȥĸԶǸм
Ҽǵݱ࣬𣿡ԶóǰβסļŻѯʵ
ϡ˵˵ͷЩ˼££ߵ鷢Ҳʲôı£д󲿷ֵİն㲻ʲôġ
վ󣬿ԶЦĵǰһѧģ⻰˵ɲʡ
Զº͵ص˵ͷ֪ûЦ˵ҿ侫¡
Цһ½ϡ⻰ʲô˼ĪĲá
ӦðĴٳƷõ˾ӪµһµϿɣԶȻò⣿
Ҳ֪ܵõԶ޵յжá롣
̧۴ԶǰĸˡҲǵһμôﱾֱţЩ̿֡
°ϲ˲ĺЩ޴ؿԶ
ԶǸһľ棬ת¶һаζЦڵҲʲô£Ȼݱ֪࣬ܲë֯ë£
˵ë֯𣿡Щ⡣
ǡԶҡͷ
֯ëº֯һ֯һ֯ȫͬ¡
ë߷֯Զһϲֻͨȥ￼ʱԶԶؿһ۱֯ë¡
ͽϳİڴڣָһʮֳĴ롣ʮָɣһëµһӾͳΡ
ԶΨһڵģԼΪʲôս˶࿴ۡ
࿴ۣڶһͷˮŸɻ֧֧˵
֯ë¾룬Ȼ󡭡Ȼ󡭡ëߴһϣȥԣһ롭̶̵һ仰˵ÿĿİͰ͡
գԶѡԸ̯ƵʵҲ֯ķֻżȻһۣҲĻ˰ɡ
һаòһαҪĻᣬܾôװ״ˡ
һҧᶨضԶ˵·ģСóŮһ£¶ʱ䣬һܰѴ¸Ūס
²ԶҲԸ̫ѹ㰲һʱ𣬼ʹ벻Ҳνġ
⻰Ҳûʲô⡣
֯ëʧ˻֯ٲûëձܲЩë˷ѵġ
뵽ë֯İ취ԺԸ𹤷ë֯һ£Ը⣬ȵԺɺȥѧҲǿԵġ
˵𣿡ЩŵؿԶ
ԶҪרŽ̰յԺϢҲ˵˵ģȴδŮҲȥѧϰԼҲȥѧ
ȻġԶЦŵͷ
һŬԷػش
ɵŬ˵һȥѧϣԱͻȻһĵЦ
˵װʳУ췿ݵĽʿŵġ
Ǽ˵ľʮƣԶ󣬸ǺܿԶ˵ŮҲѧϰյϢһʱˣȤԶڳˡ
ԶҲΪСΪǣԸ˼֮󣬱뿪
Զռë󣬱ëߵķЩռë࣬ëҲޣԷѾ㹻ˡ
ڵëǵɱʱܵõһ㡣ҪռޣҪȵ·ݲС
ֻɽϲеĶûеġȵ·ɽῪʼëʱ򣬾Ϳɰɽẹ̈һӣëϸ޸
ëͲҪôӵĹˣûëֻ֣֮ҪϵëһԵͿԡ
ëıůԺ䲻ɽޣȴ޶ࡣʱɵ̺ë̺磬һѡ
Զ¾㱸ֻҪʱһͿԸԭɽҰķëˡ
֮ǰľͲļǧֻҲ֮ء
ʱҪϵһ¶ΤѸëСԶԼƻ
ǰʱ䣬ɽǱҲϢ˵ˮ೧Ѿɣʼˮˡ
ɽǱԭϺֶʮֳ㣬ˮĲҲܾӪߵˮҲûͣ͡
ԭõˮĵطʵ̫ˣҲ˵Զ޽ˮҪˮ࣬ĹѧУҲˮ
ϾҲ𽥿ʼůÿյúϼ٣ٹЩʱգǴӰղúˡ
ǹ⿿ӪʯҺʹճúúȫõġҪˮ๩ҪɽǱߵˮ೧
쵽ʱԶͻȻڵҪҪּĽ˸ң
л˵
С飺
1֯ëߣ
2δ


63 
ǴǽѧļԶ˼
ԶͷȻҪѧУ, Ȼֻһľרҵ
ѧУרҵԽȫԽãֻͷҪҸո߳Ĺ治סϴ󲿷ֵˮƽһ㣬ѧЩʸ
ԶͶЩ, ǰЩȥɽһЩ˼ո߳ҵǿϧ˲š
Ҳ֪Щ˶רŶġĮıȫЩ, ǽ켼ȥ, ¿ǹͣ²ӣתԶ֪, ͨôʹЩв֮ĮӦҲɣ
ԶĿر, ʱüë
˽Į飬˽ᡣ
ԸЩѷĲ䣬ûһ׼вԼ
Ȼ, ˲ÿɷתһȦޡ
ܡ
Զ˵ʮ֮, ǵıٺãҲĮĶ֡
¾ôţЦ, ոǸ࣬ͼŶԷ˲Լһ
ҲšԶƳһ,Įʵ
ѹ²Ծ, Զʤ˱ҳ, »ǲҪ̫äĿűǡ
˵ͦеЦⲻôԵĻ, ͸˵ˡ
Զǳܵص˵ͷ, ׷ʣ˹𣿡
ʮʹشӦͬԭ򡭡
Ͳ˵ˡ
ɶ˹ɡǲѧԺ̫áᲹ
Է⼸ˣ켼ĮģȻҲᱻȥɽ
ˣǸɶɽııУмɶԶġ
ԶҲЩľٴ롣
ѧУҲĮ档û˵ʲô˼ſڵֻ飬ӰɶȵѧʵʲʱָɣҲǴСˡ
иѧ·ȫھָܲĵ
ԷԸ⣬ҲżڿΣǿˡ
ԶİźǺ磬˸ɶϢӶĽУѡ߳óͽܵˣ͵ͥ

˼գĽûһߵˮࡣ
ò˵רҵЧʾǸߡˮǷھӪҪµʱ
ˮ֮Զ㿪ʼˮ骣ʩԼѧУ޽ˡ
ҵԶǰϱ֮һںĹ˾еĿһ붼뽨йء
Ͼ游ǿزңԶҲȻ̳ⲿֵ츳
ͼֽǽһѸ󼸸ƹܹӪĹͶأҪΨԶհ׷ļơ
ν칤Զûýʿǲ롣һǶҪˣʿ𽥻ָѵԶٵǵʱ䡣
أҲĮİǴľҵλ
ͥİһıĳ·ҪͥಿҲ𽥵ؼǿڸĿơ
ҪѸͳһУ⿿Щ϶ǲġ
ԶҲû˼򵥣ļƻȻֹЩ
ҪЩֵܼʲôʱ
ͥĽˮԵطֳ˺꼾ˮλȻҲûôȶֱ޽ˮˮղˮũ
ԶƻȽһˮ顢ˮѺˮˮٸݵ޽ũˮ
๤ΪĮĳڷչǺԥİƻ
ĮİΪǨƣ֪ϤҪԡĮĵͼҲչʮȽ
˵ͼͲҪԶΡֻܽˮϵͳúá
Ҫ޽̰ӣҪһˮһ۵ͼԶܻȷ
ȫ֣ĸ̾ͽ˸½ĹԱ
ˮϵͳҪڴǰɣԶС
ķû׬ǮټǶһЩǮֹ֧̼޽
ٽʱζҪиͶ롣Զ԰󷽣ټҪǰźǳ
ͥİһ˵ͽԼȥ
ˣв˴ŸıˣǸϽ
ôڳɻȻٲҪÿˮЩ´󲿷ָŮҲˣЩгϲٳֵĸŮȥ˹أæµһҲ׬Ǯ
ſڣÿȥȥŵĻﲻһʱͥ
ȵˮ⽨ɺ󣬰ǸǻѡϾ˵ˣ޽Щ̾Ϊ˹ũ
˵еĴ󲿷˶ΪζҲʳ
֮󲻽ÿȥܹʳˣҲµһЩôܲأ
ˣ޽ˮʱ򣬲ļĹˣܶ฽İնŹǰȥæҪһµĹǱ֮һĹڡ
ˮͨˮĵ죬ǶȥΧۣԶᶼȥιʽ
ˮʱרŲ߹ġʱһˮһ±ӿܿ㽫ˮ
ΧԵİմţԶߵĹԱҲһЦտģ
Զ֪̣Լֽӭһ̡Ȼ֪ҶǺ⣬żǻЩ޴롣
䵭ǲ־Ӷ࣬СΧ˵ĽҲ̫ܡ
ԸЩк͹άʱ֮һ˱ֿеУͻȱӦӦԷ
仰˵̫ϰ߱˵ġ
ǿԶ޴룬ͻȻļ򣬵ҪҪȥתһȦ
ԶЩ⣬ʾע⵱ǰ״𣿡
˵ͷָԶǰиطԴӸߴˮƽҲûʲô˻ȥǱߣҪҪȥ
ԣԶǾһ
֪ԼӦ뿪ʹأǵ˵ͷ뿪Ⱥ
˵Ǹطȷʵûʲôˣǳ徻ԭҲܼ򵥡
Ϊ˽أʹȥҲһء
վڰɽԽһ
ˮһ˿ũΧ˻İҲһ
ֵȺȴذ
һϣǸæµ˼µ˰£һ͵ж㾲ĵط
ƺϲ֣ɣһ˵
ҲǡԶۿɼط
룬ſڵǻ̫ϰĳ
ҲǲϲῴԶһۡ
Զûзϡ
վԶ˵㡣ۿȺɻʵ¼ȻϲΪʲô뿪أ
ɻֱ̫׳Զһʱ䲻֪ôش
ʱ̫񲻱κζԼ̫һһ֮һڵ͡
ݣոȷʵӦġԶЩεػش
ȴûʲô˵
᲻᲻صءһڵ;ԭ̫鷳ôӦӦõġ޽ˮʱҪ£ȻӦõʱڣֲʲôӰ졣
Զû˵Դ˵Щ͵˵伪ˡ²Ͳûʲôеġ
ԶҪȴԼҲʵĴʾ䡣
˵ԼӦùյһ⣬ʵȴǡĵĸмҪ˱ȵؽɡ
оԼҪ˵ԶЩȻ򴽡
ոһֱڹ۲Զڵı飬֪ԷѾԼĻȥˡ
˳ŸղŵĻ˵°Լ̫ˣŷɵ㣬ЩԼ£ȥ׷һȱ
ͷԶ
ԶתʱĿԡЦšţһ̬Ͷɡ
òϣڸղԼҪ뿪ģȻͲʳǾ䡸𡹡
ǰСܣǱڴƵӣЩںһѷֲʲôġʲôġ
Ҳ˵ĶԣǸԼһЩˡ
ԶɣĿĵƮһȦϡ
ڵܻȥϢ𣿡
ƲͷȥЦһЦô־˵ͷЦ˵Ȼԣھ͵»ȥ
л˵
ĳԸ͸¶ڳԱĹ־
ͨˮʱ̫һͷȻֵ²ˡҸĴѰңͷһֱڵԱߵϾȻҲˡ
˵ԭǱ߱Ƚ˽һܡϺ͵ӿˮͨˮ̫ģϾǶǼˣǾһ˽˰ɡ
ĸʱ䲻ȶʱеԱ֤һոǿԵȵڶٿ
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


64 
ˮ͹ϵͳ⼸Ѿ, Զ㿪ʼָĸء
ںʱ˽رγеη֡
ֻǵһ, Ҫһμ̶ȣҪøսõŹϵͳˢеη֡
⼸գԶһֱڳǽָŰιȡˮ, ʱҪ, ʾ
û죬Զ˱㱻紵û˵ģڵⶼ͸¶һɿȤ
˵ʵ, ԴܲõλӺͺôȺˡ
ʹҪµ, ΧҲ˴ͣòԼŪûͷġ
ȻǴҵĳҪһЩġԶҰο
Ӻܿˡ

޽ˮʱ˲ٳںӵ׵ɳЩʷ, һμ, ʺϸء
Զ˻˵Ƶݵμ
زƽ, ҹ⿴ģ֪ǿܺõ
ڶʱܷⷢ͵ĶҲѾ죬ֻȴʱʱ, Ϳϡȥ
, ͺĶҲܺܺõصȡ
⼸ְ취, ټϿѧĹȡԶţ˼, ĮؾͿԺ
Ҫʲôʳ⡣
Զ, ǾЩ󶹡
ִһԭĮֲﱾͲߣΪҲкܺõĹ̵ãԸ
ټڵķгҲѾ𽥴򿪣֮ǰöΤĴ󶹸ȥ򣬵ֱԼ֡
ֽһ̡
鷿Զϵļװ̨һܺõģ

£ͥ½һǣ
Զ˵ԼĹ滮ûüȵԷӦھΪ𾪶Ծθߵ
ʮƽؿԷ
Զһ˫µĵۣģȻ׺ʹҲ֮ӡ
ΪԼСĮ׺վǰᷢ𣬵ԶǸ䵭üʱܸоеûס
ŬܿԶעӣŤͷĮ
ܹܰɣ޵нһǳأĲڿЦ
ܼҲûôܵİ
Ľǡ¶һ˼ı顣
ɣɣĴͬɣ
һǳҪǮĲ֪ĮͲԣҲ⼸ܻʵǶǮƣӲźùЩɾסôܰ
Ӣȴû˿ҪֹĴ㡣
ֻҧ̧ͷڵ£ǲЩʰϾ޽һǳصĻѡ
δĻ
ԶЩȻû뵽ֹԼԭȻûǮ
Ϊһɹˡ͵ĸûйⷽķգȻʱʶǮ⡣
ԶϸĥһĮĹŷ֣񡭡ǵĵȷмֵ
֪ǲҲΪ²ųٳٲϿڣԶԷʵҲô𣿡
ҡҡͷ̧ԶӣĮҲû˳ƶֻ룬Ϊδ㽨һ³ǡ
ĵصˣԶ̾
ǴϣԵովҪ˵ġ
ڶĿƻǿͻв˲е˼һ³ǱΪø䰲סڳеİҪسɷȻҲҪййˣȨԶ͵
߻ƣ֪Ҳһɵġ
ˣ໰ԶֱӵŶԷ˵ˣûʲôܻ䡣
һٶҲΪĮδ
ĮǱضҪͳһģֻøܿࡣ
ԶɵĹʶ壬һָƽ˸ٵİ취ﵽĿġ
˵ֶƣԶķա
㹻ǰԸԼ꣬οǨ㵽³ǡ
ǵô֤ЩԸǨأǵڴ
ԶĴ̣ҲǴ󲿷һƻĵһӦ
ܿǵģЩδز뵽Ȼ֪ǨȥжԼΪҪԹ԰Ǩأ
Ϊ档
ԶݲȵؿڣɹջһɻĿ⡣
û̽ͣʮֵ˿ڲ衣
Դ֪ԶںȲϵ޺󣬹еĲˮͶʾ£˶Էϲɽ¶
ڳԴöûʲôôֲޱȡ
ΪԶʱ䳣Уʱ̸ʱȴֻǵزţԶϲðˡ
Զյϣڵɼǵ޽µʱͥ˶ˣ
ǺܳʵҡͷЦЦֱ˸֡
Ȼôࣿһ𾪵ؿԶʶŤͷ֤
Ȼֻõ˶Էһı顣
ˣЩš
ˮ̿ʼʱ⿴޽ʱ֣Щ˶ȴûע
⻹ֻһ¶ѡԶûһϸеơ
ľͲʱͷ֣ֳţΪİղûеôࡣкܶǿԼͶ˷Ϊġ
Τ˽Ǽᶨһ뷨
ĮȻûؼ沢ƶȻܴ
֮Զƻ
չǵţͬʱṩľҵλԼĻᡣ
ΪǨԭĮûлߣʹԱɡ
£ֻҪѡ񣬲İһǨͥĵطġ
ǰǨ³ǣǻܼ߸ϵ죬ǲ
͵Ųİȫ뿪Լ¼ҹ˰ɡ
οԶҲǱƵ̫ˣĴǺܺõġ
һϺ󣬵ڳɹ˼ž
ᵹǸɢɢģǿԶѾþˡ
ԭ˵ֶݡ
ҪòԶҪң㲻òᡭ
ֻܰңԼûǹԶҪȻ֪ôġ
ЦһǶ˰̫⡣
Ҳ᲻صĳĵǲ£ҵС
ɴȥɣһ鷲˻ǲҪˡ
ǸմҸ뿪ˣԴԶбʶȵɤ
ǵĻѣЩǮƵҲ׬á
°ͨɣҪһǳ˵úֻһ򵥰
а
֪̽Զ׬Ǯֻһأ
Զʲô׬ǮûС
ڶʮһͣܰһĹ˾չȫǿοʱ
ǣԸӵĿУԶڣǿ԰ܣ
λһͺܻ㡣
ϾĮĲ࣬ˮܹ
ֲµԶļƻѵκеǲʳõġ
ҪȻҲûǮطλˡ
Զɫû̫ı仯ʵϣͿǹ⡣
κкĿʺ΢óȻʳúпܶɲ˺ֻҪϴӺᴿͿԵõƽʳˡ
л˵
ǣԭˣԶʵ̫ˣӡ
СܵķԣûʲôǱ׬Ǯˡ


65 
طλҪ±ɹ, ĮκΧɫξ׸ǳźһᾧ
, ֻҪЩռپᴿͼӹƳˡ
κںҲʳεҪԴ֮һʱЩ±ˮκֻܱ·һ㲹η, ǾԲȥʳõġ
ξɿʳõ, ͱȥʲС
ⲻǴᴿ𣿳лѧͳֹ֪ʶ㡣ȻԶѾҵ֪꣬ʶǼǵõġ
ȵιģˣҪءڵˮƽԶһ, Щ¶ξ͹æһصˡ
̳ξҪȾϴ, ȥĻҳɳ
£Сֻ˵ϴѣȴûϴΡҪôϴŽˮǶܻˣ
ԶȺƽʮϵ˽лѧֵĴȡ֪ʶȴû뵽, ˵һܽΡ, ⡣
Զ˵ŷӦԼոʲô󲻾¡
Щ˶Ǳ͹ū, ǿԱɱ¼һˡԷĶδţһʱȴ˹ء
廰, Ǵ󲻾
ǰƵ, ĮĹ, ֻҪһ仰, ܾЩ˵
㷲شͷ, ģǰǰʮȻػشʡ
ϴǸ˼˵ܽˮˣȥЩɳһʡ
Զıûһ仯˵ʵԼڽʱ˴Ǽص¡
ԸʱѯʣԷԼҪʸ£ǲԶ޷ܵĴ鷳
ˣԶЩѯһˣʦʱѧء
Ȼǰ˲ԼĲ»ѧǳūķ²ԶҲûʲô̫Ĳ
רҪūΣ޷ΪεķȥʹòкĶټεĵλˡ
ЩˣԶ̬ȺͶЩӪеʿ޽̰ӵĹûаֲ
ղԣ̧۴һ¶ɫȺʱ׹
˵ʲôʾܿڣõҲ轱͡
⻰˵꣬ЩūǹȻۿɼķ
Զ˼ͷ֣ǿֱףԷҲЩⲻˣȡһЩξˮֳʾ
ʾĹУԶܿ㷢һ⣬Ǳù˵ķȥʣЧʵ̫͡
ôһСҺáʼʱˮҪͰģҪһͰһͰعˣ֪Ҫȵȥ
Զ¯ϵǱЩǵˮ˼˻Ϊгʲô⡣
ŹĹԱеĸֱ߳
ԶĮ꣬һľٴǾ岻ѵͬʱҲ˵Ķʼɡ
ˣκƳʳʱ˱׼Цˡ
ǳԶмֱ£˭֪κеξʳãҲûܸı䡣
ƫƫһĮ˵ԴκвΡԵЩʳաʬλز͵ķ
ŬҲеһԱ
˵Ҫܣ²ǶԼ̫˰ɣĵ
վһȺūԱߵѾ¶ֻı飬ȴԶɫ򶨵طԸΧˣκˮ
ҵҪ㻹ҪˣʲôУŬɫݡ
ۺܿһλԶ˻𾪡ɻǲмĿУһΣ˰ˮС
Ũˮܿﵽ˱ͣʹٵνȥҲᱻܽ⡣
Ⱥд˲˽Զûᣬ˽ξȫװŨˮĴС
ǣΧ۵𾪵һĻˣˮеξûбܽ⣬ڲϵؽУԽԽɾ
̳ʱξѾûһɳ
Զϴϴֺ󣬾͸ǽеԭ˿ûע⵽Ա߻վһŭˡ
ָ˸еʲôǾ˼Ҹûа
仰Ŭڵֱ̬̫ʲˡ
Ŭͺܿͷ֣ʹȥɳξҲǲʳá
ô֪ģǵȻ˲עʱ͵͵һ㰡
ֲֿڣôղأŬ¶Ц⡣
겻˳ԭǵòźܿһαԶݻٵһɶ
ʱλٶһζΪкйþ͸¡
ǡãʶԱԶȥ
ܽξҺܽȲΪ¶ȸı̫ı仯ˣȡʳһȡĶᾧİ취
Щȴͬʹ±ˮӽ͵ʱ򣬱ͨʶ±ˮʸ
ԶҨһưڵ±ˮʱ˻Щɡ
ܿ죬Ǳ㿴лƻɫҲϸˮ档
˵ľ̾УԶʮֵ˽ư̳
˷κ±ˮý״
ʵ̼ԼƵҲȥеʡ
ϾҪĶû㹻һղüҲǳ鷳
Ҫ𶹽һԣԶ治˵κξΡ
±еˮ֣ܿ죬ѩ׵
ԶϽ˽̳ʱλ΢΢ĳܿ죬ʣ¶ȱὫ
ȵһԶһŽ
ýྻıʳˮϴһ飬ζӦûá롣
ԶƳΣζȺһ㡣ѾǾƷеľƷˡ
ǵ֪мڡ˭ɾףζޱȴʳأ
˵ֻϵɲܳԵҲš
ξȻԶˣǱϵɻ
оͶԼȣԶϽ˷εĳסÿ˶ֺù󣬾ͼҴҵسԺӡ
ײǵһΡԶתһȦųصĲص
ɹūѾʼε̡
ڣһͰͰ׻ʳκܿ㱻ź˳
ҲǸԶ̾˿һѯʵЩūǴĶģ
ǴȥɽʱĹǿɿʯõĶū
ЩûɣȻҲйܵķա
˵ЩūҵľʿԶܻҲƽ񣬶ս
Աߵҡҡͷ͵ص£Щƽʱķ²
ҵĲİ𣿡Զ˼ãǽ⻰ʳ˿ڡ
ڶԷû¶⣬ǷǳϿҵҡҡͷϲ˺ƽաʱҲʱǣǾҪ˺յݳ
֮ǰҲµһԱȻξжԶ˵ǾԲġ
Զ˼ص˵ͷ֪ò˵ԼԭĴ㡣
ڵʮֿˡϾǸִˣЩ˻ͬ顣
ûжԴҲʥĸֻΪֵͬԶͬһĿҲ᲻ͬˡ
æµūԶջǿڵЩΪū𣿡
ҡҡͷ޵ģЩ˾ʮꡣҲиģͬ
һԶЩǸ
ľٶڹŴһҪ޵ģ֪ΪΣȴû
ҿԸǷЩʳ𣿡ԶʵںӦýйͺ͹
ոջʱشĸͻȻ¶һǳӵı顣
ԶüԷ૵ôµô׼
˵ʲô
ûʲôϽعվֱ壬һһ۵ػشµȻԣЩūǵµˣǶԡ
Զû˵ϸǵˮ©
һֻСһ䡰Ҳѵ£ҪǰǶˣǱҲûˡ
ԶʧЦ֪ٸոǾ仰˼ˡ
ͲµԼôǰ͸ˡ
ĻԶһ֪ΪΣȴûаĪЩЦ
ҡҡͷһߴһ졣
߹ȥʱԶպһòЩ̱˲֪ΪΣ˻һߵĺ
Ȼ֪Էűݺݴء
ȫעﶼڸոյϣȻֱӺ΢
ʲôˣԶʵ
ɻūϽصµĻոξһȽϴСıŽϴ뾪ŵ˵¡
ԶڶԷ˵ʱͻһȦȷûʲô󣬱˵ͷתӡ
֮ǰͷˣЩūڿʱ͸š
֮ڶԷǰƲǡ
ҲûʲôˡԶ׼뿪Ѿ̤ԺţʲôƵĻعͷ
¿ʲôԱߵ˲Թɫ
ûСԶڰ֣״ʮطԸѸոװһȥϿ
κʱͱֳĪĺ档ǡҪȥӪѵûʱ
߳ԺʱͻȻնԷ˵ʱʶơ
ԼӦʱߵѾ߬Ƥڴ˷εĲֿ⡣
ˣͶұˡҲԷһֱӦġ
ԶŬѹǵĪĸоҿ
л˵
ͶұΪạ̃
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


66 
ԾηбԶӺ, Ŭ;ûԶǰֹ
ŬͱǿгΣһλԼûʲôŸɡʧǼ, ԶȻһֱûз֡
ҲܹԶ
ҪԴ֮ˮ̳ξƳƷʼѵʳεϢ˳һ˶
ȻԶ߾ͳ˸ʽˡ
ÿֻӦЩ˶۵ùǺ, ﻹܵŬҪ
峿, ԶѵóʱȥṬ˶ٷ
Ṭ˻һַζǳ̲裬˵ǼĳĮеֲеζ
ԶĳżȻһκ󣬾Ͱζ
ҲԼﳢ, ֪ΪһֱҪ졣һĲ裬ĲȴûṬĺúȡ
, Ϊһ̲裬Զû䷹
źƲԶ£ԱЦʵ⼸ôˣ
ϸ̷꣬ʲô߹Թû, ܾԶЩ˶̫һ
Щ, һ߸ϵ̬Ʋ, Ǹġ
Զȴһ, ū, ûʲôͬ
, Щദ, ϱԶ˼ֲԾ׽ոյĻ, ҲֻԶǰʱŻ˵
ϵĸʵ⡣ϾԶСܵĶƽȵĽūѾҲְҵͬѡ
ԼṩͣԷṩͶƽĹӶϵʲôߵ͹֮֡
ĹʱڶԵЩ룬Զų⡣
һΪ׼򣬼ʹʱ⣬ֻҪԼΪȷ£һȥ֡
˳ӦˣҪı
ԶӹյûüڣǱߴ٩
㲻֪⼸տæµĺܡ
ĻֵģӢǷ
ֻӣԶ̧Ƴһۡ
Ҳ˵ļĮĹ壬͵Ƴ˵£ε˭棿ô٩Լ
Ҳ˽Ѱԭ
Ͼǿΰ
ûƽһܻʳһԡεҪ˭ҪȻӪƶҲϮǧˡ
⣬ӦҲǻᷳġ
ԶԹʵʣ״ˡþաĸֵ˼
ЦһߣԶЩ˲Ǿõʴȿ񣬱ȱ˵Բ󵽵¸ǰˡЩÿ귷ζжģ²ǡֱǵǰ˵
Զ׹Եɡ֮ǰΪʲôô˶᷷ε¡ЩΪ˵ԩͷأ
ҪⶼɹҹܿصġЩΪʲôôƶģ
ԶɻһᣬֻЩضĶӣ֧ŶͷȲ衣
ܲ˵ԼһĮΪ봦£͵͵ʾʲô¾ȥԶ˶ԶĮİɣ
Ҫô˵ˣԶһܸݸչ
»޹ءЩ˼ʹٴҲҰѷεõ˵
ˣֻ˽͵͵Զ飬Ȼġټ⼸նھӪԲǰηͥеľ档
Ҳû顣
ԶͻȻڣỹûüҶԷ׷Լѹ¶Ӹ飬ͱĻһ
²ǰɣЩɵؿڡ
ĮΣԹҵﷷͳһȵġҪ֪Щ֮Իάűƽ⣬ҲһҪԭ
Ҫɷ껹ŵˣ
ῴӦϸѿεĽףԭʵʩӪŶԡ
ɻĿУԶüڵǣͷ·ǵĲһʱս
ۣ֮ǰԶĮʱû뵽һԼϡ
Էһһ֪ģԶ˵û´ĻЩҲԼ˽ɣ
Ȼʾ䣬ȴԶ׼ġĮಿξǴ˽ηﹺõģߣԼΣȻٸ߼
һֱҪκζԷ̫أζûץʵԵ֤ݣҲֻò֮
ԶȴǴӸԴϽ⡣
һֱĮζԴܣڵľӣϲ
ԷȻǣδⲻ䡣Ҳ˽ΪʲôŽֹԭ
ԼΣʹӸϽ⡣
ǰڶЩҪεĲһ㣬ѸĮռ
м۸൱õǹ˭Ըȥ˽εأʹԸðգҲѡǵΡ
û£û˻ȥġ
ȵͥʱԷزپҵ¾Ͳôˡ
һǲܿ׬ܽĮйصⶼԼ
¢ĳһҵӰжǿ׾͸ڳѧϰҵ֪ʶԶϤˡ
ʵʩӪ֪ʵЩǨĲ̶סûУܲڲԭͨʳɣ
ӪΪȶμۣĮ˵ֻνɵͨ涨߼ۡЩ໥һ߼ͻһȡ֮ܰμۿһķΧڡ
ϾôԶŤͷᣬֻԷʮֳϿҵԶ˹֡
Ƕһ˼𾴻Ȼݣ˼ڡ
ǰ̼һһֱ̫ӣԶȴʶЩδӹĶʱ浶ǹĴ򶷻Ҫ
һöͭǮܴӰ죬ʱԶԶһʸвҪ¡
Զ֮ڣһҪԷƵģˣ޺ӡ
ķһ£ܴĸǶǶ԰ĺ£ʵҲȷʵˡ
ţ̿ͶεϢһض˸ʴȣ˵ЩΪǵĲԶ˾ԼռĪıˡ
ıȴԶֹЩ˲ʱԶѾԷεС
ԷԼңȻǽԴϲһԷʲô˼֮ǰĺͻữΪɱ˵С
ĵµģҲΪ˾Զԭ
ȻûпԶЩƻı£ֱѾ֪ԶΣԡ
һܵԼĹڣĺõŲյţ衣
ԶıԼң˻߸е¡
ʲôˣʮʱʼ̣ʮʱ̳λڶ͸ܷ
ǴȺɱľӲηκˡ
ԶῼǵֻһǾҪôܰһĮ
Ȼһ̲ԶԶġ
Ȼֻ顣ԶЦſڣҪҪôȫԼ
л˵
᣺˭ẦԼأ
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


67 
˵仰, ԶҲûظҪ뿪
֮ǰѱһ̲˸ɾ
, ǰͿʼ˲֡ˮȥĴ󶹶𽥳硣
Զȥηʱǡ·ľһ󡣹ũﱻ̷ţչֳ˰Ȼ⡣
ȥ, Ҳֲһ, á
ӭ洵ķŸ¹΢΢ĳŶ˱ǶԶҰվ˺һ뿪
˭ľ, ᱻֳɫȾ
ηԶԱ࣬ЩҪʳĹ˵ʱ, ϶˼Ц⡣
ùãÿ˵ʱһ㶼û
뿪ĮĹû岽ͱ׷סˡ
˵ĻҲܷ͵һ;Ѱ裬ûƬԥͽȫȨԶ
ҲĮһõĴڣⷬٶ
ϾĮͳһҲû, ϵȻҲǷǳơ
Ҫ, ôҲǸӹ޵ľҪӭʮ󳼵, ԶñһרȨơ
ȨҰԶſڵʮŹʵĹ嶼˷ڡ
һר̸µ᷿ۿŽ߾͡ǵʮôһⷢ˳ʮֵݽ
ڼԶһյ÷, 춹, û˵һõĻ
˵Ҳ⼸Զз, ԷԼ, λϵλҪѶԸ
ǰ, Ƕм־¡ԶǾһȭ޻ϣܲȡʲôֶΣԷһΡȻģ
Ҳûʹı˼죬ۿԶǲռʲôˣǣ
ֻεؿڵʾҪԸǣ
̲ˣ
Զ̧ۿ˿Էı飬Ӳ˲ָⲻڵĸмڵλͬ⣬ܵȡΣͬ⡭Ǿˡ
ڣ¢ε⣻κڸԵĲ侭Ӫμ۲øĶۣԴγá
һΥȷҪȡǴεʸ
ļ˶Ǹͷƽʱ˷йˡԶѾӽǵļޣȴû뵽ԶҪȻһһꡣ
мƢѾ̲סվ
ۿһҪŭڱϵλֵļ۸ǰЩ˻Ǵ˼ڴ
ƽѾԶδ˼
⼸˲Լ̧ͬͷԶȻԷе壬ĵؿڵȻ⣬ǾҪ⡸ƽ֡ҲλԿҲλκδҲܸλ˭
䣬˱ͷ˵
Ǹոֻע⵽Զ˵ֹԼ¢⣬űǶԼ䷷ΣԼܵӰ죬ȴȫͬζҲԽطˡ
ŵ˼죬ͻȻ˿ڵ˵μ۲øĶָۣĮڻκεطǣ
⻰˵ģһܹ˱²ɣ
ԶڷϣͷԷ˿飬ȫ²롣
⻰˵ÿνʮ˼
ǿ԰η𴦣˵Լµļ۸ֻĮáⲻŸǿȥܷ˽
ڣʹޱҲԶĴ㡣
ǰһ뻹͵͵شﷷλһҪˣ
ôô׵·
϶Щӣʵû뵽ᳯչ
Ҫ˵ⷷ˽ε£Ȼ˭еġ֮ǰȫΪٸܵϡ
˽º˵ֺΪ˽ټͨеĴڡ
Ϊ񣬼ʹɷϣҲܲסҪա
ԶһֱӰǷ˽εΣոһĨˡ
˻ЩԶ˾ٱ⣬ǰȴʵʵġ
ھ޴ǰǺ˿ԱԵ˼ġ
ȻԶϣһ˽󣬺ܿǩЭ顣
ͥεĮأⲻ˻ΪͥԶЩɱӡ
ûͨ£Ǳʶطٵĵط
Щ쵹ǿ֯ٷ̶ǰΣԶȴҰѰյȫͳߵġ
ⲿֵԼ齨һ̶֧ӣרŸⷽ⡣
ԶҲڸոպͼĹˡ
ϣЩȫûоһٶԼвһʳιƿء
˵ʹǲˣҲ⡣
Ͼ齨̶ҲҪܶǮģԸʡⲿֵĻǰһأ
ЩԶ壬͵ֵмǸ
ȵδѲ佻ЩˣҪ군ˡ
Զһ߷Ըȥֿ⿴Σһ߳ԴĮδ
ҪϽǿͥڸİѿˣȻͿȫƾκѧϰҪһĴĮ
˵̫ӻҪСмʮʦǵ֮ᵱ꣬Ҳþɳߣѧ˶ͳ֮ġڹ£Ҳֻǲᴦ
Զ˽⣬ȫǷ״̬еᾩﲻ競ǿĵز
Ѱյƽϣˡܹͬˡ

Զһֽɵηռ˺ܴһƬׯӡ
ΪεĹҪϸܣƽׯӸʿϸأԭ⣬˶뿪
εȻ˵ˡǶūҲȻһסĶСطûôõĴ
ԶǶǱ׼İСʱơǵĳסһҾİջҪһЩ
ȻӶİմͬΪ˷ֹйܣԶ֮
εׯӵм䣬ξʳζרŵĵ·ȫžҪˮĿܡ
ׯڿʼʱԶǰźĹҵ԰滮ġ
һһᡢһһľһ۵ͬʱЧʵ󻯡
ԶĲŸδĺȥֿʱҲԵشǹ˹丽ļط
ǵһʱׯӻûȫáɰʯľͷڵϣģȻҲʲô
л˵
ľڣֻ


68 
ֱ챻ŹһȦ, Ⱥƽ۸ڶĹǲʶηȫò
ηȻûͥ¥̨ȷһɫ뻮һ˷ֹȷɡЩһǸеȺ𺳡
ȺлⲻĵС, ԼĲԸǩЭ鲻мһ˵ĴͷڸոĵشǲιһȦȴԼͬЪ˼
һУǺ׿̽˵ԸġׯҲǿĳƷ
ǸոտЩоͿԿ, ηһһ͹ˡ
η˭, ﶼŶ塣
Ȼطǹģ˶֪ʵĻλƵ¡
ڶ̶̰;һ۵ļ, ԶظЪ
Ҫ֪ΪЩ˽ԶǺʮյĹ
ڵȴĹ, ̬ʼ𽥱ҶԼܷɹ÷εʸɣЩʼţԶĿġ
ȵǵڴʱ͵˺̸еʱһ, Ҳʲôһ߸ɵȡ
Զʱ䲻ҪӦԷ, ҪԷ̸вɫؽ
ҪöԷеܣֲǳ׷, зִһҪʡ
һʱΪѧУ¶æòɿټϻҪЩֻ˵Զǰⳡ̸ս, ʹൽӦӲϾ, ǳɹ̸ĮǳĴ
æµʱ, ʶȤ, ûĮĹһ, ϢգҪĵ͵Զǰ
ɲɣЩ黹йءԶһ飬Щ
ϵһμԶ¶ɵΪһѺ
ҪδҲ̫˵㡣޶ëҲܾһֻ޶
ΪĮĹͣĮﻮô£ϲúϧмҲͰˣԼҲ޹ܵǣ
⼸ܽȥڿ¾ܾڼʱΪҶ

Щ𣿡
ԶʦûлңϵԶƵģ¯̲衣
ˣʮкԶԷһݹȥ
Զ΢΢̵İ״ɲյ˼˼˲ҡҡͷ
ʵϣڴ²еᷳ
еģڸ磬˶թʱ
ȳҪǰܵӣбвԭ⣬ҲбһЩڡˣɡ뷨ڡ
ֻϧ˻ᾩҲûкõȥʲô¶ţһǻ־ȴ޷ʵ֣ƴĥ޿޲ɣʲôν̬
ڣĮȻÿҹԼյæµȴģΪ˴ʵʵڵĺôȻϲôʹࡣ
ÿǰڹ˾ǩļû̫ĲʵϣԶڸռ̳й˾ʱÿҪԶҪöࡣ
е˳ĵܾľٶЩϺ
ƾĶۣᣬԼܻܺذһ鶼һ
Ƕ˲ģΪһλߣһЩƿģʹвŻҲԲܡ
ȻҲľ
ˣΪԶвԵô⣬ԺӡĲͬѰһ䡸ɾŷġ
Զɫشǰˣǵദս׽ȴԼԽԽԷˡ
Զ̽ѰĿ⣬ȴû˿ĻҡЦȻ²ᣬǺαҪƴأ
ԶջĿ⣬µؽ˽е̲裬ļָؿڵᲢϲ
ǲĮĹ¶һЩⲢԼԸⱻԷڹ
һԱκ˲ٿصӣ֣һѷɫκε˵ıԼҡ
ı֣ԼȻǴڲϢˡԶٺӳһǺ󣬾ͳ˴
ҲһṬȴûһ±е̲뿪ˡ
ԶߺЦһԶʱƣû˿
ŵλʱǡӰͶ¡
ںڰУϵı飬ȴУظ֪ڵá
ӲͷƤǰԳĲˮѹɤӿʹƢٺãҲвġ
޶ۣơʱദȴľõʵһ²ż汸ľӡ£ʹƢٺãҲá
ǸոԶʱֳЦϵ͹˶Щ
ֺγ֪ԶԸ񡣴⼸µദ֪Էݲһɳӵˡ
ⷬٶöԷŭ⡣ԶֻǷȥѾǺίˡ
е뷨ԼףͶԷˡ
ԶֻͨĺϵԶΪĮ£ԼܸԷṩȴ΢΢
ףԶһвΪκˡ԰յĸмʱмֲӦ
Զһһ·ɡ
һΪΪֻһţˣ벻Լʲôס
ʱãԶͺ·Įһ磬ϣȴΪκ˻ͣ½Ų
̰ĵģҪࡣ
᲻֪ԼҪõʲôǱʶȴѾ˾ΪͣĮߡ
֪ôסһ磬޷ԶĵǾһŬ֤Լڱеλĺӣһ㣬ĮĴ붼Զ
ֻҪԶܣ֤ĮڶԷеҪԡ
ԣвͨġԶһ㹻ǵˡĮĹºͶ˵̬ȻΪһ̸
ڴʱκ˽˵ڵõһĽǰᣬҲðյҪЮ
л˵
㲻ú˵ڳ˰ɣֻjpg.
ȷһ¶Сٸһ¡


69 
⼸, Զ֮ദֱáһѾĸݡ
ԴṬȥ󣬶Էĳҳסһÿ첻˼ոܹ߳ɽѧԺ, ͸ֶ
Ҳ֪֪ԼϲϢĹ±˴룬͵ԶǰɹƹͼĴ̲ס߿ࡣ
סڲûӹħצҲ֪Է͵͵ʲôֶ, Ȼڲ֮ǰģ
, ԶĹﲻɽĹż±ָȵļϣͣһֻ޿ĺࡣ
Զ֮ǰֻһŭ, ʬѪǧ, ûһŭ³ȴڽʶжҪ
ֲùŴĻ쵰ܰҸûˡ
ԶЩε̾˿û֮ǰܵķŭֶţٵҭ
Ҫ⸱ʵڲһĻľһõܺ, һֻҪ㲻ԭ, ;ݵо
ʱԶ룬ʲôˮ, ôһ⡣
ǸЩˣѹҵĴ붼, жս, ʱһȵս, ȴڲʱ˵ʱ¶͵ʴ
ڶԴЩмʿʱ, ԴЩȵƶˡ
֮ǰԶҪ޳ʿǵļ̻ʱ, ڽȼԺԼӶЩΪ̵׹Ѹʱʮػļᶨ֧֡
Щʱûȥĵķ档
ںû죬ȼԺһİգԭ׼ʽ𲻹ʱԼ˽һǮȱڡȴûκ
ͥİֻ֪ԶĵǵԽԽãȴ֪ÿһ±󣬶벻֧֡
ʼʱסԸɣֶ֮˵ıŲɣԶûлῪչļƻڶ̶̵ļͽÿһٴ붼䵽ʵ
صѾϾɱһ˷ָȨ֮Լ̬ޱȿ͡
Զ벻ͨеԵɣò𰸣ȻšƫƫԷСѧһľٶԼ
ڴŴʱԶͻȻ뵽֮ǰһ󸹱̶˵Ļ
Էĳؽ̵ڴ޹ϵʱҪѧ̫档¶ҪһӳîӣҲûˡ
Զû鷽ͷ֮ǰ˵٩һȱĸ̻ˣʱȻûаѺ̵Ļ̫
û뵽ܻλû뵽λȻܷڴĺϵϡ
ҲγԵö˵ĻĻеԶŴٲϺëЩԾ롣
ЩϺľٶһֻ۱һֻۣͻø˳Щ
ԶɴؽǰնĲΪԼݲһɳӵϰµĽ⿪ĽᣬظشŴȥɽˡ
ȫûʶԼʱøݡ

ʲôʱʲôطݺǻ㼯¡ԡĵط
ֱǴ̽Ϣ˽Ĳ֮ѡ
öͭӣһ裬ڲ¥ֵĵطһ磬ܽд¶С
ͥĲ¥Ҳһ֡һ¥ŵλ˼ʮӣʱͬ٩٩̸ŽճзĴ¡
۶ߵģǸĮһ˵ӣռݻλá
һ˹طԼļأҿĮǲٴˡ
̬Ⱥܿ˲
˴ԷͿӽվһˣߵո˵ǰ͵ʵ´ν⣿
˸ǰһȫİס
˵Ҳ秵ģ˱ȴû뵽ԷСԼҪ˼̲㡣
˼״Χ
ȺбͲȱǰչ¶ͷġո˲˵ڵ磬ͥİɣ
˸˸λл£˵ˣͷȷʵǵһεͥ
Ķʲô̵̲ġȺһ
ʼԤĮսµˣ˷վŲӽеʲôĴ
˵˵ΪɶĮͲˣ
ǰ˵˵ѵ϶Ļ׳治ɣ֪ô

һȣȫ˸ոճʵǸİˣֻһһЦ
ľסô˵µҵȻ֪˵Į֮ǰΪɶ
˱סˣȺһӰ
ָһȦոֵ׵ļˣ㣬㣬㣬˵˵Ϊʲô
˵ɣ˻ԴؿڵΪĮʳȺԭ˴̡Ӯˣԭʵ۲ŻĸԸʳƥǺȵĲҶ
ⷬۺܿ⵽ǵķԣȥͻ㡲һأܲǲԸѾǰɣ
㡲ľƣȫĮĺþơ㡲ҲƵ⣬űøԣ
ûüȺоһЦ˵ʲôƨ㡲䶼Ҫ췴ˣϲɶأ
ϣ⻰˵ġ
ǣǡ
Ⱥһ޺
ЩҲסس˵ĮզͲҪˣѵԭĴˣ
ȻǡƲƲ죬м
ĪǰЩ޵̰ˮˣҵʱڳºԱߵ˵ˣˮʲôϣʲôԯ磬ĮҲʳˡ
ļٵģ϶Щȡ
ǵ֪ǰʱԶæµ¡ͥĸضķ϶ˣֳʳһ£ǶЩŽɡ
ǻм٣θûֵЩ磿öĺã
⵹Ҳǡ
ׯʲôģǶǳһܽʳӡ
ǿɲһվѵֵ֪ĶǶӣ˭⿿Դܻ
˵Ҳе
ȻǼ±ζ±ɺ±ƤҲͦóԣ󶹻治ʳ
˾ھһͷǣűߵţһһԼҲ㲻˭˵ĲǶԵġ
ܿ죬һ߾ִ˷󶹲ܵԣô֪᲻ׯأҾǴ󶹣Ҳ͵ͷեͣǲ֪ɣ󶹻եϣ
¥ҲʶĹǽ£Է׷ͬ
ΣҲ˲м
㲻ˣЩեͣϣһͶǮǶӲŶǮܱء
ǡͷ㲻֪ǷطжΣǶءӣܺԭ˻ʳ
˶֪ǷãȻĻŲɡ
ĮҪսάֺܵóףԭףΪĮĻû
ԶĮƷ𽥵õԭ˵ȻҪάóˡ
ĮҲ̣ܲһвأ˼̧ܡ
Щûһϣ̵ġִͷһ·ͲĮͿս
ҡһ¶˭ԸϿս֪֪ľͲ䣬֮ǰǸСĲ䣬Դӵڽֽķǽ˼ӹţòˡȥ궬죬ǲ˹á
⵹滰ԶȥľͲ¼˾֪ڵĲ쿴᲻˳ۣȴûһԶȥָһǵġ
ڵ»κĶαɰ׻ʳΡǰʱôಿˢˢͥεڵЩ䰡Ǹùϵ˭ϴ̰
һоݵķأ˶ͬص˵ͷ
һ޺УͻȻһӾôһ˾üʮ䶼ҿҲδذɣǿɱ˶Ƥ
Ȼĸʱܾ޴ڵġ
˳ԴͷȥֻԱߵϣһһˣ˿Լмһ˵ذͷŤһߡ
ȺϳһôƲ£պĹѧԺѡοԣͱȥ
⡭ʲôϵ˽Ͱ͵ؽеһʹŵģ
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70 
ôûйϵ, ѡεǵ³أ
ǰѧԺأõ², ҲһƲԺˡ
˵öԡҿ㻹ǱȥˣʡƲ»Ҫѧϰ±鼮Ƕܰ
Χ۵˺ôЦڴһһ, ˺ܿ, קĶӡ
ֻǹųˣȫûע⵽֪ʲôʱʼǸӾʧ, ֻϼ̰ڷĸ㣬֤

ͬʱ, ԶҲ˳ǣׯ
Ǹĺʩʵӡ͵ķҪϡͺܽأȻпܵ硣ԶĲ£ڵҲһͬϵ˵
Ŷ⣬ԶԸȥҲȥ
Ƕܽľͷʼ, ֪ҪȵʲôʱջԶȡ˸, ò´Ƶĵط¡һȵԽˡ
, ׯǻԾڵ˲߲ˡ
߲˶ˮҪߣȵʱ֮, Ҫ콽ˮ
֮ǰȡˮ, ڵֲ, ճɶôáˮ, ȷ, Ȼ˲߲ˡ
Ĳ̵̱ģҶϻžӨˮ飬⿴žá
ԶָũʩʵĲϽ˹ЦųԶ
һԶͼæ㱨ʱũ
ϲ˵ʮӺڷӦЩ˼ͷʵ½չʲô𣿡
ûʲô¡Զ˰֣˿ĳƣڵʩʵҪķϽͷͲˡ
ͷİɣŻش
϶ǰԸıˮġÿսҲԸרﶢأׯǳ˲ء
ǶǵһøķϽأûʲô飬ʧʱԱ߿Զͷĺܶࡣ
ǾͺáԶ˵ͷ׼뿪תǧǵýˮʱҪ֮ǰˮ÷һҪ˵İ졣
סظ֤
֮ǰμأٲǹȷԭ¡ԶصطԸ壬ҲǺ֮ǰķȣµηӡ
뿪ũʱԶͻȻһɽԵĴ£֪ʲôʱվһꡣ
źζʮֵ͵ȻǱ¶ݡ
æµĲ岻ͬĳҲԺգ游Ḹľ˾ˡȴûйǸ߸ϵë
ڵĲһ̴ֱֲϽ˼ӣ޼ҲǺ顣ȫһͨׯںģ
µˣһҰͷķˣʵԶԺԡ
Ǹܵߣ˲ͷЦأһĮеļ
ԶЩɻػ˸񣬿Լ߹ڵƵӵ𣿡
ԶЩعŶԷ
ȷǣԼղںͲ˵ʱ򣬴˻
ȻԷ׼ȷؽгݣҪô֮ǰԼҪôǶԷר˽Լ
ԶԺлһ顣
ļܺãֻҪǺˣǡʮȷϣԼûԷ
ǾֻʣһֿˡԷͻȻרΪԼġ
Զɫص˵ͷڵѰʲô𣿡
Էʣ¿Ҫͥͬ·С
ԶҲ֪Է«ﵽʲôҩ˵ͷӦ
һ·ϣԷûκйص£ǾĮķĻòԶ˲١
쵽ͥʱֵԶԼ֡
ú˵ҵӦýд̨
̨㡲죿
Զü
㡲һȥңһ䴩ࡣڵĶӣҲվԶǰλ
ƽ˻㡲ҺһֱľפšΪĴ̨뿪㡲䣬Ӧۡǡ
ҪôǴ̨ʿҪôŵ仹Ҫһ
Զ˼˼˲ڶ׾ΣǾúߵĿҪһЩ
ƥǧԡԶһ۶Էŵָ˵
̨ԣһ£ָֻܿǸģ˳򶨵СҪһġ
ԶҲνЦЦڵҵ̽ӦҲ˰ɣôܷ˵˵˾ٵأ
ľͲʱӻϢר˽λεϢ
̨ǰСӣ֮ǰܳ衣
˼ĴʲôҪ⣬졢ƽﲢͥ
ļ仹δʼ̨֮ǰһֱó裬ȻύʲôҪڲμӼʱҲ̫࿴Сӡ
ոԷĽ̸Ȼֻδ¡ԷﻰȴǶ겻ͥӡ
ԶƶԷһͥȽ˽һȻרѰԼġ
Ĳ²ȫȷ̨֮ǰڳеĲ˴̽ϢǸӡ
ȻԶ󣬶ԷϵĴۿɼٶʧˡ򴽣ڵȼ˵
ԶѾ²µ˶ԷҪ˵£﷭˸ۣ²۵ʹ˵ˣҲֻ˫һ̯ȻȫҴ
ϣԶǵЦЦڵɡ
ʱ䣬ӦھӪ
Զ֪ԷӪȥϲʣҲĿڴȡ̿ʺֽ±󣬴ӳſִڵĽʿнһɽֽϡ
ɽѸ뿪
̨ûоٷͥˣݿ϶ǲȥġԶҲ֪ôŶԷȰԼ
ԷİҲûκ飬ǳԾظԶ档
žԶĹԽԽ̨ϵıҲ𽥱ùŹ
£
ԶŤͷֻԷһַǳһѾĿԼ
ôˣԶЩɻ
ҪȥµĹ𣿡̨ɬ
ԷΪԼסṬԲôȣԶԲ²⡣
Լסԭʵڹۣ̫鷳ڳһΪӣʮֵص˵ͷ
ֽ̨ɣǽ
ȷԼûͼڻƺɫӵջĿ⣬ĿбӵظԶ
ܿ죬˹
ǵ߽û˿ɵԶԱߵλ
ȴ̨㿪żɽʵʲô
Ͼھӻʱ̨ΪϿȦɵ㡣εǲϹأ̬ȱмֲ
ԭ´̨š̨ϥء
˰˵
ȻԶϣ̨Ϊͥ޽³Ƕ
ֻһԶף㡲ͥʹǿӱޣҲղܵϸӹȥҪǨ³ǵ
ƫƫ̨ǳǰǺ֡
л˵
̨кö໰Ҳ˵


71 
ӻ㡲䵽³, ʹҹͣҲҪ߰ղܵͻȻǨǲеİҲвԸԶ
̨̾˿ǳǨ, 綼ϰˡ
ΪͻȻҪǨ³أԶ˵ص㡣
̸ʼͬһ鱳һԶԡ
̨һĬᣬ˶, ڵ㡲ܱߵӦ, Ҹͳ첿꣬أܶ˶Ҹ׵ľɲ֮ǰӻһ, Ҳڴҡ
Զ˵ͷʾͬ㡲ȷʵ˵㡣
̨֮λƽҵĻ֮ϵ, Ͳȣ۲ڲһϵе⡣
ǰʱ䣬һмƺïҲ̨üͷ壬˵
ïҲ䣿⵹֮ǰ˵ĻˡԶ롣
߻ӻ˺͵ľͲݺԼͬһˡǴ̨׵ľɲӦûǸ°쵽ǧ֮ľͲȥ
ǴïҲгı, Ǳ˵ͨˡ
ïҲԼм, ǮбȻҲֻһͳεĲ, 찢ζ뽫ȡ֮
ֻԶһ²̫ף㡲Ȼд̨ĸ׷, ̫ǿʢ, Ҳ֪һֱŻ㡲ʲô
Զɻ̫, زˡ
Էͷ, ѹԶ߽͵㡲Ȼ㲻ǿʢ, Ϊ˴࿿ΪҪ˵ԣ㡲ĮҲ͵ġ
ֳֵ΢΢⣬Զе㲻̫ӦŲŲӣŬעϡ
һԼȹԻ㡲ƣڶԷ¸Ѿ˴롣
ΪǮƣǰ˵Ի㡲䶯˼
ϾҪ췴ôȱǮأ
ǻԶһݳƵĴ̨ѵõ˼ͬ顣
˼ҸƵģòǨȫˡȻˣᵽ³ǶԴ̨˵Ӧǵİ취ˡ
ֻǨӦɣԶ²⡣
һԶ밢ʱʱɧţס֮ˡ
ԷȻ֪Ǩãô˳ǵأ
⡭̨һʱЩԶҲȷʵһֱĹǡ
ָ·ԶЦӡ
⻰Ĵ̨۾Ͻվؿڵ²ߴͽ̣
Զؿڣֻ˵ǰǨնȻǲġ
̨Ҳʮͬص˵ͷǨ³ǲ֮ǰΪˮǨ㣬ȻյĲ
˵ᵽ³ǺƸüǮʣЩõľͷ;βҲ˰ѰƵļ۸չǰյĲԸܾͻһˡԶ¶΢Ц
⡭̨еԶ˼
ͷ;βвٵʣڸҲã˻չԶ˵⻰²Լȥڲƭհɡ
һḺµġԶ˰֡
ѵҪԼǮչ̨ɵȰͷ;βûʲôôѰƵļ۸չǣҪһǮ
ȻôģɷġԶ˵
̨ԣҲƴǣֻϲЦտسԶл
ԶļƻﷴԵСࡣʹҪӣΪİҲ⡣
Ϊ˲鷳˳Ҳûмͥɡ
̨Ӧȥģﻹм˽ġ
úſڵһһ֮룬żպѧԺѡοԣ֪ܷ񡭡
Զ̧ۿԷֻЩεط˷䡣
ȥιһ£ԶЦ
̨Щ˼ص˵ͷ
Ȼԡұ˴ιۡԶشӦ
ҪǶԷԸ㼸Ƶķ̬ȻԸ顣ֻƵļǻ㡰յ֮״ڣԼ˽ҲͰˡ
ϲĴ̨ЩɻؿʵҪЩþͷβʲôҪƣͥҲвٹƵĵط
ȻдôˡԶ¶һЩЦݡ
Ϊʲôϵľƣ
ԭǳ򵥡ڵľƶʳģᴿƾδ˷ЩЩõͷβոպá
ҽõľƾһ̶ŨȵģŨ̫߻̫ͣӰƾɱЧ
ķԶ˼ʹչҺľƾŨЩƫеֶҲǺùٵġ
ڹŴ˿ڸȾ˲٣ο괦սеʱ
ܽҽþƾ֪ȶ˵

֮󣬹ѧУҪʽˡֳȻٲԶϵУ
ѧУʽʼѡοǰһ伣õͻȻԶǰ
ǰʱ䱻ڳУµ۵λ˶ӡ
߻ôͻȻȥǱˣ
ǰ˰½ڣüʣ뵱ΪСӵģֱر
ԷͻȻԶǰҲΪ˱£ԶŵԺȥ
ԺרΪģӵݣǲ̫ʡԶسԾܾ
ذҵʲôӡ⻰ԷȻЩеΪԼ׵
ҲҪ˵ԵɰԶЦһڲ衣
⸱ģʵԶ˼ķ
߻ӱӣòŽԼıг
ȥѧУ治ΪѧһźڵգǶѧԺȤ
ҾѧԺܺãҪҲѧԺҲ°ճԲϷˡ߻ӵͷЩɥؿڡ
ѧԺԭ򡣵ŪԺģʽҲܿһƵѧУ
Զû뵽ԷȻֱӵһѧУ
Щȵüӣڿϣڵ֪ܵǼڲĹжٸ
仰Ȼ˶ԷԤϡ߻ΪãȻ΢΢ɴ۾ֱԶòҡҡͷʮֳʵػش֪
ᾩأԶѶȡ
Ҳ֪Էһҡͷ
ôȷܵİֻҪѧЩգάƣԾƶأ
Զ߻ӵߣǣܱͲȱأ
ҡ߻Ȼûô֧֧࣬˰Ҳûܴ
һ˫ֱţûע⡣Ȼ֪Ѿŵ˫ðˡ
ڶԶĿʱ֪ΪΣȻȱУϰʱҪš
ʹЦĳʱԼûָоƫƫǰһǳЦ⣬ѹȸȴ˭
ԶҲǹҪΪСֻһΪɵӰ죬ԶһӹµΪҪöࡣʹǳľߣǱҲá
ĮΪϡȱԲܰһѧԺͬľٴʩУ˲⣬κκõĽ
ԷǼ̰ƾǺɫҪôûµĸ磬߻ӻҪʤһġԶ̾
ҪǸλԶջԭĵöЩ
߻ӳʵص˵ͷԶɫ֮ͬɫЩ
ʵ˭أ
Զûлش𣬶ЦһΪʲô
߸ϣ޳ҵĵλ
˶ΨǴӵȨ
ǡ޾ٻ󣿡
ԶѾ˳ŪԷûзŭǴ۾ұҵĻǶʡ
ҲֻǺҡԶ
˵ϻλƱػһϵеѪȷ磬ʱܿѵĻǰա߻ӱ׵
ͦץҪìܣԶ롣
ǰܱ꣬
գԶЩԥؿڵѧ㶫֮ԸߡҲҪ㣬еľ鶼õģ˵Ϊ谭»ҪԼС
л˵

ʱʱ䲻ȶڶ춼ᲹϡǿʼѰˣҧ־ӣ


72 
Զ˵仰, һ𾪵صɴ۾ԵĲš
ȻԶû˵ҪϻλԶ, ʹѧƤëҲѾҲ㹻ˡ
ͥôʱ䣬ԶӦʵķȻ
ͬʱҲ֪ûа͡ĬƬ̲ſڵΪ, ҪЩʲôأ
ڻû, Ǹλ˵ɡԶɫ˵
߻վԶ˸ʦ
֮Ѹ٣Զᷴһ
ҲûԼһԶйʲôסһǶȿ, ⸱ģֱߵɻڣʵûʲôҪٰڻӵļӡ
Զ߻һ, 㿪ʼı֡ʡƺԷˣһֳ
˴߻ӲŴнȡּԶױʣӦߵĳͯΪܳġ
ֽϵֲѶһ, ͷԡ
߻ӴһŴġѧ뼼ס, ƫֻʣԶͽˡ
һԻԶЩɻ, ̲סʵΪҪ߻أ
ʵǲס˵ΪƺĮĵ, ѵԽ˥, Խ
, ôһľ
ԶЦſ,Ҳ𣿡
ʮֳϿҵҡҡͷ
ڵ, ´ҶһûкôԶ
˵˥΢ôҲܲڵĮ̲ġˣҲֻἸǳԴҪЮԷˡ
ܱȴһµĹƵϢ
ȻѾںĽлʤȴѾǰˡǰʱ䲻һ꣬ͽա
Զ֪Ǹ˵ǸʲôˡԷһֱ̲ܣԭΪ־Ϊĸ嶼
ԾԼִֻµȲӱ¡
һ֮ܿսԺµ۵ִˮƽ֪ᷢʲô顣
ĮҲƱػⳡսȥʱ´ңͿ̿һֻճ
ĮҪģһȶĻչǻȻԸؾһճ־õսȥ
ԸһӢǵľҲԶδѣΪ֮㡣
ԶŽ죬һϵĹ±żһ߿ڽ͡
쿴ı飬ܴӶԷԶ㲻ɡ
ҲǡǼҵװŵĲһգ²ʱʱ̶̿ģôɵ
̾˿ǲҪ̫ۣСӡ
֪Զͷ
Ҳ֪ǲոһյãԵظܵԼڵȸռ̳ʱѾ˺ܶࡣ
ȻǲӵнʵļҲ֮ǰ̨׾۵ˡ
ѧԺʽ죬ԶԼμʽ
ⳡʽԺʦ¸֮⣬֮ǰμӹĸֿҵʽû̫Ĳ
ԺҵҶԶдġʼǴܾģͲס˵Ȱ裬Զֻ˼֡
ǰ鷨ˮƽ㲻ȻȲϵĴңչͼĸдûˮ
Ժһ˽ʯᡢɡľͷ֯רҵ˷֯רҵΪʦûеλû⣬ÿרҵ˰ѧֱӦʦڸԵĿγ̡
һְıԶ֮ǰļĹڿ֮ǰǶԶصѵν̵ѧҲ˼־顣õĽ̲ҲԶһͬ׫ġ
Ӧļ֮⣬ԶѧǴһЩصĿѧ֪ʶ
һһѧǵĻ֣Ƭϣδĳһ죬ٳһڿƼԭ
Ժ죬³Ҳոһյæµнˡ
³ǵĹ滮ԶյƳķƶȣΪǾͬİոֹǨϰߵȷĲͬദʱìܡ
кҲ³ӦĹ滮ֻһڳǵģһڿͥ棬֮ͥĽס
Ǩ³Ǻ󣬿ֳΪİȻǰɵظţڲԭ
ԶڲԭȦһƬطΪרŵȦϣԼС˶ԻƻܷɢȨ
һһڸԼ죬ȻҲǰ
³ǽϣҪȵһյˡ
˻㡲⣬ʣǨļЩǱͥϵ׽ȻԸŹᣬǿԶĴ
Զλ϶Ȿ׬ߺȡ³ǵĽǹηǮһӦȫǾסȫѣֻҪסøһ㣬Ҫ⽻Ǯ
ס⣬ȻҲڡ
Զÿչǵţ󣬻ṩһϲ֮ǰûϡëҲüǮ
Ҫ֪ԭطõȷ˴ΪǱͣظˡ
֮ڶ෽صļӳ££ʮ½½ذᵽ³ǡ
Ϊ˷ֹҪЩӦ꣬ǰ⼸Զɴس˲ڼң񶼽µµĹǣԼ̵ڼ͵ж
ܿ죬µԶ
·ǡǼëʱչʱ򣬶Τһëš
ϵëԶ֮ǰӸչġȻëĲмʯӵѾɾҪһϴܼӹëߡ
ëϴ鷳³İѾȶΪȱֵë㹻Ͷ
ϴëõôƳɵķ
ֻöƳɵķ̫ȴܳͣ˵ǲϸģĹһͲȥ
ϴëòô͵ķҲ㹻ʹˡ
ϴɾëɶɢеζ˸оůġ
Щë󽫻ᱻǰ½УЩɵĸУ𽥱ɳëߡ
֮ǰԶεİǿУҲûиΰë֯·ķ
ڼȵ죬гʱҪůëë㡣һʱС
òëƳɵ·ԶȰë߶ȹ㡣
ǿȴЩë
ڣ˼ٲ⣬ܴ󲿷ֵʿ˹廹ϰ߹ơһӶ˵ճزٵƷˡ
¡۵ĵӣʢ
Զǿһ̻Űëصë̺Լϡ
治ҪõޣͨëҲԡΰѵþۣȴԶҪǵһѵ㡣
۴ͷ֯ļԭϵĸǶǱȲԭӵġⷽ¹ͽͣҪڱĵط¹ˡ
Զ˼˼գûʲôõļƻõİ취ڻƺɫ¹򣬵Ҫɫ޵Ⱦϡ
Զ̫Ϥһ棬ȥѰĸˣʲôõİ취л˵
Сܲó飺֯ëߡ
Сܲϲ飺罻


73 
һСԺָ˴Ӵ޲һ˼ҡ
⻧˼ҵ˽Ī, ǼҵǷֲһԺӵ.
Īһ֮ǰëձģëձҪĵطС, ֺصձҪʱɹһӸǷôһԺӵס
Īһ˵ˣҲֻǰѱëӹëձǿάưˡʵ㲻ʲô󸻴˼ҡ
ߦëձǸʵʵ, ÿۻ, ׬öǮ³Ǻһ˾ҪȻӪˡ
ĪصӲǸԸֱʵŮˣƽ, Ҳڲٳ֡
ȱǵһһıˡɷĪȴЩԥ
զ;øͷ¿Ƶأȴɷļͷɸֵ
ĪҲ, ŽױߣĬĬػ˸ӵķ
ȰɱȰˡӪãֶëձϣĪصİүԺĶ, ס˸ȾͲΡΡسˡ
ĪԾǸĬģ, ӦҲͬԼү˵ġ
ȸϽ˸ӣº, վһ߶߶˵šүǲ֪ڵĳﰡ, ء
֮ǰۼõİ̩ҵ˵, ȥʲôռĵط, ÿһٶǮءڼгס, ٶʮǮ
˵ĿģаүһʱҲЩ𾪡
ǿÿºԱյһǮ, ׶ʮˡ֪ÿߦëձ׬ǮҪ˶٣
ϱƭأȼүе㶯ҡϽȴȰ˵ȥ׬Ǯĸ˶ȥëÿ¸ǮҲ١ǼҶҲˣƽҰտЩȸߦëձ׬öࣿ
˵ȥʧΪһݺó·ùȴ˴ӡ
нŵģû⹤ӪȥطҲͲܶ˵ͥеɾϸأǵëձգ˼ҲһƵϡȽȰ
ȸո⻰˵Īˡ
԰ٺüһк󣬱㵽ͥĴһȦ
òϣͥİȷʵǲ主ˣ˵濴Ɀشֲڵëձ
ëձǲ䶬ﱣůõġ˵ԴĮ󣬾ͷһС𿻡Ĵ齡ֻҪ΢ЩһٷĹϱůġڿϣоһ㺮
Ҳ֪˵ĻϾߦëձǴ˼˵ļա
Īػ˰뱲ӣҲߦ˰뱲ӵëձͻȻȥһȫİеı
ﰡеηηŵؾ¡
ܵùĺҪܲһֱСԺ
Īҧҧ¶˵Уȥ￴û˵ĵط
ڶգ޶˰Ѻӽүһǰһĳš
Ȱ˵ɷʱƶϾǳһȫİĻʵԼҲûʲôס
ǵĳǰ˳ӣſڵһһŲǵĹ
Į֮ǰûйġϾǵԵʱһһܸ֮˼ɽľ롣Լˣܼľǹ̶ˣʹҲò
ڲһˣԴԶĮͥ˾Ͷټ³ǽɣԱɸǸӡ
Ϊֹ֮˻ˮ㣬Զ˸һ뺳ŵÿС
ʱϽԼѹ˳
سǵʿһдŴ޲䣬֪ͥһɵģĵ˼䡣
о¥ҲոˣЩȥµëԿɣǱߵĴǱĵطȲϵġ
л˳ָ·㵽˴רи˵ë
뿪ŵֻһӣһᡣĸ˶ҪǼԼͣǷ֯һļ
ȼªе⡣
֮ǰ˵Ķƭ˵İɣһģˡ
ЩǱߵæվ͵ֻǸĵطëڳӪĵطˮཨɵģأ
ԭд󶨣ǰһһ۵ذԼǰĹ¡
ڹʵʲôʱ룬ԼǰԼʱɷһëձ˵˳
ߦëձµЦæ׷˼䡣
ɻëձȾɫʵ
˼ҪҲëȾɫߦֻȾϽʱһҲһءһһʮػش
ããɽӣһϲ̾
Ըһ⣿˵µۣ˵£ʱɲֹһǮˡվȡ
Ҳû뵽Լɷѧߦëձջóæͷ
ȹº˵仰͸ŶԷ˳ë
һǰȾͱƸȵˡ
汻ķˮǽΧסǽˢʯˮ˻ָɾۡ
ΪĻǸŮΪ˱֤ǵİȫԶ˺üԺſڡ
ȺʱɵһȵظŹ½˴š
˭֪ľĿɿڴ
Ϊÿ춼СŴɨҲʮָɾࡣ
һŵԺһɹëģһʮͬŵӡڵϣΧһɾë˵Цëߡ
ӡСּڹµĴµͷɻģ
ŵײƲһ㣬ƮƮؾ͸Ź½Ժӡ
䣬ԶͼθëȾɫ顣
СǶûȾĻƣֻ֪ģغɫ⼸ɫȾɫ취
ٶģҲʲôмֵľˡ
ǼһĪչĿʱ´ŲȽˡ
ԭҪеt»Щš
ϾԷ󣬻ôðվأԼһֱСôԷнӴأ
Զ崺Ƶ̬ȣɹذ˲޴
ڴĿ£һԵؾͰԼ֪ļȾɫİ취˵˳
ڲȵĽУԶԼһֱ
ڸȾɫĶȻȾֲ֭ҺǿȾϡ
Щɫޣˣ󲿷ɫͨýȾȾɫķɫġ
ýȾͨ׵˵ĳȾв׺ͲϵɫڲȾɫʡסʯˮȣǳýȾ
ˣýȾĲͬҲıƷɫľýȾȾɫʱϵɫǳκɫͭýȾȴԵõɫȵȡ
˲ȵԶܿͻֳȾ
ýȾɫֲڹ϶мء
ôһ˼ԶŷȾֲĲ١ƽྻװɫĻҲܺͲͬýȾ£Ⱦ޻ơݻơ̵ȸʽɫ
Ѳ˵ȾͬԼ뵽ԭ϶һдֽϣԱߵСǽĹ
ֻʣϹ¡¶Ĳˡ
Զ룬ڵ֮ǰȾе
ҡҡͷĿİذԼɷ֮ǰľ˵˳
ԭˡԶţ˸˱裬ʾ˵
洫գȥЩסԶ˼
ûУûвףǷ޶Ҳ㿿ߦëձΪˣµñǡﻹŲյϽվƴǵ
ȻţȴûзͿǼҵǵնԴԼġ㲻ʲôļ
Ƿ޶˵ʵܿôôȫǼԼ⣬ȲԶĸëձë̺
⿴ǰԺŵЩʽķ֯ߵߣͲ˼ӵеģոԶĸûȾˡ
ԼǼªĹߡĲ£ʲô͵µȡ
Լȳ˷ḻľ飬ڵµú£˵£ҲԴˡ
뵽ȸǼᶨԼҪеͷ
ԶԼҶȾɫ֯ëձϤ֪ܲ
Զ⻰û̫Ӧ˼Щʲô
ΪԼûͨԶĿЩʧʱ򣬾ԷڵҳǮǺʰһȾʱëҲȥȾɷһͬȾȵĩҷֺ졣
һ𾪵̧ͷ뿴ǲںԼЦȴֻһԶ
ԶոյĻѪһʱȷȷʵʵǾһġ
ҪԭǲȸԼҴȾɫ
ȻֻķҪûⷬѣԶ벻ýȾĴڡ˵ֱȥΪȾɫա
ΪȾɫⲢ˭ģҲ
ֻԼëձëȾɫδе̫Сˡ
ɴ࿪רŵ׬ǮˣԶ˸ոյ顣
ȣȴԷĻش
ȻѾͻԼͷϵڶˣԱߵĹ½üŷӦ
ʹѾԶ˼Щš
޴ؿڣҺˣͨ˼ңһʵû飬⡭
˵ýͰ͵ģϸֲܴ
ԶЦЦҷģϲᴦ£˽ء
һԵĹʹ˸ɫæվ͵ǰʱҾ߰ء˵˭ͻµģһһĥ
Զ͹µȰ˵£̿ˮʵܻܲؼҺͼһ£
ȻԡԶЦЦȷˣͺɷһɣ±ǡ
ԶָָԱߵˣԷͷҾ⸽סţѰұǡ

ȴϲ£ϽܻصС
ֻүӣĪػûлȾ͸Ͻ˵˴¡
ʼ˻Щɣֱϱóеƺ󣬶ϲŲòţĺ¾Ȼ淢ˡ
ʴȰ˼ӯظ̾
Ƿϣ֪˱˼ҴջǾﻮĵ
Īػһһ飬ǴӦ´¡
Ȼ˶Դǣ¶Ǳúúвɹ˵µĺ⣬֪𣿡
Ժ˶ŷ޶ظ
֪ĪغͲȶͷ
ȣĪСȾ潨ˣƽͶЩҺ㰢أҷġ˼ҿϱ
ȸϽӦ¡
ǰǿһ˵ƴǿάƣôЩڿྡһʱ䶼Щడ
ĪĨĨ۽ǵʪվЦŸȥ򼸽Ҳһ
л˵
ȣҸҵһӡ


74 
Ⱦһʱ̻, ԶڽõëڳһŵԺӡ
⴦ԭǴ֯õģǵڣʹ֯ëëһ·, Ҳû˻ԶʱƻڳȾ
רҵ»ҪרҵԶڸռ˼ûбֵȾϺ󣬾ʹһ, ȾɫȫȨĪغͲȷ޶, Ǵֵ׵ʵȥˡ
ΪСӣĪҲþ棬ӰСǵ, ɴฺԭϲһ
ȥɽɼֲũЩԭϵ˴򽻵, ĪƤӶ˲٣ٲǸľګԵӡ
³ǵĽֵϣİﲻ
иհסðõĸˣҲгҵطˣеðǼϢˡ
ϵ˶, ⷢ⡣
ʱȥű, ˵Լڽ϶Ǯģʮˡ
ʹԶԤϵ·, ³Ǳ߶ȥһĹԱҲ֧, ֻܿάųеΰ, ȴһҲæˡ
ȥ³ǵǵʼ, һֱ۱ԶСȴֵ׳˶ӡ
ԭǸͥڵ, ǰʱ䱻ָȥ³
һ, Զڴ֮󼸸֮佻׵飬˵û䣬Ͼͽ˵еʼ
ô磬³ǣʲô
˵ʲôҪأҪɣԶɫȻ
̧̧°ͣϸϽȥѵʼ˽
ʼȻû뵽ԶȻʱĹ촽źϺϰ죬û³
˵¡һۡ
ˮûһȻ˵ߣҪ˷ʱ˼
ʼ˿üԶֿ˿һ͵ᣬڽԼȷʵܻӭʵ
ҧҧ£ϣ֮λҪǻɣ
ʼĺѻĽҪԶûסĵĺ棬ѯԭ
ڵʼߵ˵УԶ˽ǰ
֮һұúڣ³ǳݺҡıҹ¡
ԭĵʼֻͥҪͥѲ
ֹڽѰ£ȫְڡͥ׾ѰмӸͥң
ˣǰĵʼĹֱáСݡ
Ǯ١˵ľͳĽ
³ȴһ³ľһ𣬼ʹзǽţҲڽ
⼸͵õУΪعأ˵ģΪ̷ȱִģΪԲͨͨġ
ϾԭСﲻͬ˵οɽĲ䣬֮вˡ
֮һ仰ֶӦоУֻеʼ벻ģûаġ
ˣʼҪÿյѯ
ֵķӲǵţ֪ҪȥԲвеСҪȥԺѧ
ֱֵĺͷ۲ѡ
ǰĵʼ𴲣ڽѲһȦһû͵󣬾Ϳȥ緹Ļڵĵʼÿ첻Ҫ𴲣æҲ긮Ŀˡ
ʼ϶˵ЩԶһ׾ųͷͭɫƤĮϣȻ˼ֱ֮ɫ
̾˿Ҳܹ㡣
Ҫ³ǳ鷱ӣĹԱȴûԵʡ
ڵѾԶ˴ͥĹԱȥĽˡ
ջ𣬶ȥ³ǣάΰȥˡ
ȥɲǸ취Զһݳĵʼ̲ס˸飺ҪѡһԱɣ
ǿУֻһʱѡôʵ
Զ룬ڵ֮ǰͥĹԱôѡģ
Į֪ĹŴֱͬӹϽֻĵطʣĲ˵ҲĮָɹԱһ㶼ֻ߸
ĹԱԼĹ塣Ժܸߣĸʵϻǵ˵㡣
ܱͥߵĴ䲿壬ĹڹʵҪҲ١
ԶûԱȻҲ֪ѡεı׼ͷʽʲô
Զѯʣʮѵõض˶٣ɵؿڵһ㶼ͥеĹӵܣúʱָһְλ
ԶһֱĲ豭
ԼҲòʣֽŲһ䣺һʱ󣬱оˡ
Զֱע£Խ˵Խ飬ɴ졣
һԵͷ͵ĵʼҲˡ
û뵽û뵽Ϻ͵˽µദȻ⸱ģ
ƽһϣȻµһƳͱˣ
ͱˣ
ʼһ۱ӣͷֱ
ƽ˵侲Գ֡崺ĸоǼٵģĵһϱ죡
ߵʼƴۣǱԶѾ˼ҪοٵѡιԱˡ
Ҫǲȡ򵥴ֱİ취ֱӿ԰ɣ
οͥ͸Ĵ䲿壬ȵʱΧ
Ͼͥеİնҳ϶ȻǿŵģһӱѡһЩֻ֪죬֪ĮĹԱǲ鷳
еĹԱԶʵҲһԡ
ЩԱУȻƹũµĲ̤ʵϸɵˣҲûʲô£ȫݻְķġ
ⳡԣΪ̭ߣλЩвŸɵ˵ġ
ֻĻһĲͷ³ǺҵǱ߶æʵڲǺִĺʱ
»ıԶҷƻֻ˵˾һԣͨѡιԱĴ㡣
Զ飬ûô˼ʹӦˣȻҲʶڴӹԱı׶ˡ
ѡιĿ㲻ãȵö̡׫Ծпԡľ¼ȡǰѵ¹ԱҲõȵһ֮ˡ
Ȼڵ³ѾȲôˡʼǳ桢۵ģٵһµʱ䣬ԱҪڸλˡ
뿴ûʲô취ܼǵĸɣԶüӣ˼
³Ҫǰռ֮Ħ̫ࡣ˵ЩëƤС£ǴãҲὫսɵ³ǻһ
ˣõĹԱǲ˿⣬ÿϱ£ҪޱϽȻӲ١
л˵
ʼϰ嵹ˮϰ塣
Զ̣첹ϡ


75 
ߵʼĵڶ, Զⶨһϸɷģȥ³ǡ
һֽϣ޾ϸ⼸³ǳֹΥΪ, ӦĳͷʩˡֶŹһĶڡ⣬ڽпܷ£ԶҲһ˹涨
ȥ³ʱ, Զ˳߻Ӻ̩
, ں̩ĳ֣ᲢûбֳʲôرķӦͻȻԶģһʮʲôèèƵġ
пܻèè, ϾڴٵĳԺȣȶԺ̩ġ
֮, ûʲôĺ̩Զ³ǣɹʶһȨµЧʡ
ԶĵõĹԱֳʮֵĻӭ
ǹӼľĲһɸֵԶ, ʲôǴѹнų, ˮ֮еĴˡ
Զڣûа亮ѵĿ, ֱ˵ؾͿʼĵطм
³һмһڳ, һڳϡеĶλҲвͬ
ϵǸмͥ, һԴڽ׺͹ٷóΪ, ʳΡʳӵˮȻ
չջ̯λҲǼëʱ, ³İոͻë
ΪǹӪó׺ԶĲ, еҪһЩģʲôС͵СĴҲ١
ǸоҪҺܶˡľȱ⡣
⣬ҲýԶӴӸȡ˼صĹ
⼸Ӷֵ׵ĽģоԱ֤ùԶڼϵļڶʱĳشÿջнִڡ
ÿ촦պ̷Ħķѵ߰˸ֱٲĺķˡ
Ƕ򵽵Ļɵģ뿪ǰõ
ȷ̼ȱǽгͷһǷȵڶαҪȡ뼯еʸ񡣶ȡֵİգȻҲгͷ
涨Щֵַ˶ֽкãЩ͵ˣ̷ȴɵˣҹֽŵ͸˳Ӷߡ
ǵڶգİһУͿſڰһųӺִĽʿϻڷĹߡ
ǰһʲ֪ԭǵ֪Ͼ̷ЩȱӺյĹصЩֹЩ̷˵ġ
Ա˽͵İǣһһĶʮԶ
ǵĻ˵ǣԭð³ǺԼʲô鶼İҲе㷸𡣵еΪˣǿ϶ϺӣҲ١ǵ㵣Ǳƽˡ
һֱԶԹһеĺ̩ǱԶ۷ˡ
ɲʲôС£Ĳȣпܷġû뵽Զô׾ͰѰհ
Զֻʱİ취ҪгȶҪɷпС
ڵĹԱ϶ǰﲻæˣ⴦ճæýŲմصģĻܳóɷ
ԶҲΪǣĿͶ˸ǡ
ΪڳиýӹܣȨܿ˴룬ֻһСַڲڲ飬Ҫǳ洦ÿеòˡ
Զԭ޽³ǱҪЩȨȻĿѾﵽˡʱǾŹκ˵ʣֵġ
ЩÿҪðնٸ˰ھȻʲô¶ɣ
ǰĴʱԶʾȥɣ
⼸챾ΪԼԶֵȨҪԭĵطȥ˭ԸһմȨµأȻ˳Զ⡣
ԶҲ֪Ǵ˿һԼϣŸԼһǱֻݷ˺ͥϵ׽ļ죬Ȼ㡲̨
̨ԶŸԼİռɷһ£ȻǺԥʹӦԶʱ״Ʋչͷβһ¡
֮ǰҺͰ˵ֻҪ³ǣԭЩõľͷβüǮ֪¿ɻǵã
Զһ£㷴ڣֻʱ̫࣬ԼȻ¸ˡ
ԶĽ̨ͣæ֡
ǲԶǹڲƭǣϾԼǨһ£ԶôֻǲǴߵüһ¡
ڵԶ֮ڱ˵չǵľͷβĳŵ󣬴̨һԶȥĥԷԼ˵ڰ֮ռɷһˡ
ʣµǼ˺Լ죬Զɴؽн
Լóʰǣⷽ棬Ϥĺܡ
ϾĮƬϵĴ̶ͷ䣬ĸûȭͷأ
ڵ¶Įٶ಻ٶҪȡ֮뷨϶Ƿġ
Ͼͱ̲ʧĮͼˡ
ȻԶɷһ춼ҪѰԶ鷳Ĵ㣬һؽӹ˶Էݹɷ顣
ˣǻŵһڰ֮ڣԼϡ̣֮ѧͯȫ֪Զ¶ɷġ
ռɷ鷳Զõ뿪һĸϡ
ԶûԤϵᾹȻܽһӵ˶ס硣ϾһԻ·Ĺľͷ۵
ʱԶҲϴһѰе⡢ţںܶ˶˵ģηɷȴûһʵС
ֱ
ʵȻ䣬ȴ׺մһϵ
Ϊ˸ֱ۾Աѷ֣̫¶Цʱ˫ЩɫӱǵâƵģβҲ΢΢
ˡһֻͣ˼ͷӥڶԷĸ£ز˲ǸõԼϿɵġ
ȻһֻԶһ˵õĴ
̷ߵϣɢּѹȸеϢηηضԶ¶Էע⵽Լ
Զɷ񵽸תһȦ󣬱ɹֵ⡣
ȵ³ǵİͨɷ֪ΥɷĺЩǷҼ͵ϴ롣
ڵҪֻʣԲͨһˡ£Զһʱ仹ûʲôð취
ϾҲõڰղϣưǸĵһʹõķ԰ɣ
ȻЩ죬ɴ»ŵġˣʹЧǵЩڵ޷ͨĵز
һֱûʲôõİ취ֱһգëĹ¹㱨˵ѾõһȾɫëʱԶǰȥǱ߲鿴·ȣһͷ
㱨⼸ȾĲԶȻ֣˵ʱõľȻǺԼ޼Ĺٻ
ٻһԼһμԷʱ龰ʱ˵ùٻ䲻ͥգҲǱѰ˺˲ٵġ
ǵǷ޶˶ڴ޲䳤󣬰˵Ӧ˵ôõĹٻġ
ԶЩɻѯԭ
°ϲ˲֣е㲻˼ؽ͵֮ǰͥҸڵӪʱ˵ͥ˵ĵطҪЩٻ˵úõģҾ˽ѧ˵ʼ˵Ĳ̫ãõ²
ԶʲôƵ׷ʵй涨˵ֻҪ˵ٻܶٺ»ûѧ𣿡
ȻʶԼƵԶǰϽŵ͵ǻ˵ٻܶ׬ǮǶǸϲҪѧأǵĽϰҪѧٻˣ
Щѧϰٻؿͥİ˵˵ĽϼˣǶȥΧͥ˵˼
ԶյԼֱۡôˣͨ˵ĳµģ氡
ͨÿ̰ڵ׬ǮֻάơֻҪ˵ٻ룬˭᲻Ըأ
Զܹ£ԸԷԼµʾ֪շˣֻҪ˵ٻÿµͶһݡ
ԭͥգԶٴ벻ƽǶһ롣Щս빤µ³ˣһԾܾģѧϰٻĶ
˵˶Զ£˭ܱ֤ڽǲȥأѧٻܹܶ˷ݱ֤
ˣ涨ȥûã³ʹһѧϰٻȳ
ֵϣ洦ɼҳקԼСҪǸŴ˵ٻĳ
л˵
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76 
ʱ³, ԶͿʼȫȫоƾ졣
ԶȥѡοԵ٣ܾˣֻڳϸ˵ԼĽ顣
ԭ, ʵǾƾ̫Ҫˡ
ʱûʲôرЧɱֶΣֻмôʵЧĲҩ
Ƕ֪ʱǴ¶˿, ֻܷܿˡΪ˿ڷ׶˻ھиǳ
ʵ, սȥʿֻһСսϵġںʧѪ࣬˿ڸȾ
컹, ǵȵȵĵʱ˿õʿʮ߰ˡ
ҲĮûս, Զ㹻ʱ׼
Ȼһ޾ƾҪüʱЧʣȵҽþƾھԱϣ֪Ҫˡ
ƾһϣ㡲Ȼо飬Ͼһ˶ǿΪġ
, Զ˺üḻʦ¡
Ƶ̲֪Զļƻ, Ҫ׳ŵȰ˵, ֪ĴԽ, ƾͻԽҡͷľƿڸвû
ںĵ, ԶҲֻȥ, ûĽ͡
Զ̬ȼ, ҲȰ, 㰴ԶķԸջľͷ;β
رصͷ;βȱ˹˵ʣ־
һֱȵҲûˮʣʱԶͣ
̳ͷ̳ľƾԶսȥţֻ˻ξҺƺͺľƾ
Զе㲻ģ˵һֵСûȼ
һ£ɫĻʢžƾ𣬵۸Ͻ㵽һߡ
һеĻϨֻ¿տҲס
Χ۵˶еͷԣԶȴûüǽͣ˷˸һľƾ
Ҫ֪Ũڰٷ֮ʮϵľƾûȼƺ󣬾ˮȻһ֣󶼻ˮʣ¡
Զ취ľƾŨȵ׺ϲϸ
ãûԶʧľƾŨȺɾʹﵽ˰ٷ֮ʮϡ
ֻҪӦľˮԵõŨΪ75%ҽƾˡ
ˮױõˡϾͰ̨һˮֱɲ
ڵʱĵһƿҽþƾԶԺӡ
ԺſڣһӵʿšԶմԸһҪעŤͷͿһӦóˡ
üûнԼͻȻԶľӪԭ
ǣʮȻشԶӹǸƿšζƣ
ԶһۣԹԵԼȥ²۵֪ʲô͸Ҵսȥţʲôҩ
õ´ģɲʲô˵Ķһ߽װžƾĴƿԶһ߸
ƶԶ˽⡣
ԶദʱʹûԶκڰĹ
ԶĮΪһⶼǵøáƵİն֤
ԶԼذеã˭£һصģԶĸףʱεû
ƺз֣Զ֮ԻںĶܣΪӱܣпҲǶԷðв
ֻ֮巢ʲôỹ
ȴԶΪƺǰųֵģڰʳһص̶ӵĲǰ
֮ǰ£һķ涼ƽƽˡ
˵ĶʱҲԾˡԶ淴˼
𣿡عʵ
Ȼκζıûƶֵ֮ģֻСԶɫ
Զ仰⣬Ȼͬĵ˵ͷ
ԶеĴƿ˻ΣȴһĶ۴ĸ򿴡
ûӦԶ˾ƾȼһ£ԼոյĹ۵㣬ðɣҲԡ
һе֤ζĶԻУڸԶǴеĿĵءͥеһҽݡ
Ⱥǵ֮ǰԶһͬĮС
ΪԶһһ콡רҲԽԽϾǰʱǱԶİ£ͥпһҽݣΪҽõյΡ
ԶᵽΪȷƾٴЧ
ܿ죬˾ͱҽݺһС
һ첲ϰĲˣɫֹ̫ۡ
տҲԶ˽
аգͥһλԻǰЩӽɽʱһ񣬱Լõľ̻˸첲
Ϊˣʲôġû̫⣬㳶һ·Ĳϣס˿ֹѪɽ
˭ϵڶհյ˿ڱ㿪ʼ׷졣
صǣʼ϶ط˿õףæǵҽݡ
ԶеĻһմ˿ڵĲ۵̫࣬һʱ侹֪˵
˿ڵķܳô
£ҪôأǷҩ룬ڵ
ԶװžƾĴƿݸԸ֮ǰ˵Լ͵Ȼ˿ڡ˿ɾһ鶾ɴ˿ڡ
ǵ˵ͷӹƾԶӣȥһ᷿Ⱥ
Լ˻󣬱Щˡ
ò׳ŵԶ鰲꣬һţסԶӣٵؿڣոյĻʲô˼ѵƿľƿԾ
Զ̬Ⱥ⣬ֻҪոǸȻ뵽˵ʿϾսǳĵط
жľӣÿմھӪеʱ㿴ó
ԶнȳԼ䣬ص˵ͷ͵ƿǾƾԸ˿ܽ˿ûŧļʡ
ôƾδŵȻֵע
᲻֪Ϊ˷ܻǼһֱⲽ
Ȧ󣬲ӦʲôƵģŤͷԶ֮ǰҲҾƸʿϴ˿ڣôʱȴûʲô̫أ
ԶڲԼǰƸͣˣϽ˿룬ֲŨȵľƣЧҽþƾôáڵľƵĶ첻ʮȣôã
ǵԼͲΪʲôϤͬŨȵľƵЧԶѰһԭ򣺡ҴľǾģŨȺƽȵľƲͬԲŻЧ
ܺãоݣһʹŷԶͷ
ƿľֹܷ˿Ϊߣ룬ʵ
˵ȫԡԶ졣ҪеԭʵǹڸˣԶȨһףȻƶؿڣ
ˣǵΪҪˮأֿһҪŪģ
Զ̲סҧĵѵӦ˵ľƾĹЧȻ˼δģʿôһľֻеԭأ
л˵
Сܣף


77 
ᵹϢͨ, ǰŷƾԺ£ž֪ˡ
֪ΪʲôΪʲôˮǰɣ
û⣬Ը
ԶƳһ, ʾ
ҲܶԷܲףԶ㿪ʼһԵվƾɱԭ
ʲôϸףʲôˮ̣ʲôĤһġ
һͨͳɹָ˰
, ԶЦһ, תӣȥ鿴˻ˡ
ԶߺҲվ, һ뿪ķ¶һЩεЦ
ڽȥǸԻ˵ʱ, 㷢ԶƲͷ¶̡
ҲǵһμֲڵĴ˿ڵķʽҲбɡ
᲻Զ룬ע⵽˵ġ
ԶԻʱʵǣʱ, ˾Ǹ, ͨʵдա
һ˵̫΢ҲܾһԻ, ЩĿܼĿأ
Զϣ뷨м
, ֻܿܿеһԱ, ԼܵԼΪԵ顣
ոЩȡֵ׷, ȴɹԶӡ
ԼЩʲôܱԹҪá
ЩİĴʻ, 
ᡣ
صվǰġˡĹȥܡǰͻأı仯, 񻮹յķһۼ
ԶᶼбҪȷǴ˿ڵĲû󣬱Ҫ뿪
ǰԶ̸ǼİֹѪķͬЩ˿ڲҪմˮøɾĲ˿ڡ֮עһͬʾ⡣
ƾǼӽɣֶ౸һǺõġ·ϣԶš
֮ǰηһӣԶȫȨ
Էȴҡҡͷڵ֪ģƾⶫֻдʱŻϡ򲻴̣ⲻ˵ġ
һ£ͷһľ֦޵ˮԱߵĶ磬żׯںߺȡ
гȻľ֪ûпˡ
ãŻڵûҪսܶǲòġ
Զûнӻһֻ
֪ĻǶԵģսʵڹڲпˡ
ۼսһǵ˶¾еӤû⡣
ʼԶҹҹﶼѪ޺Ľ˼µʱŴӻ߳
޷սֻܾܵļս
⣬ԶԸһУǰΪʵԭ򣬶ʲôȨλʧܡ
仰˵ԶԸġ
Լϵĸһʽס
ԶԼһΪ֪ׯӣԽһֳıġ
ׯӲɽ֮У˷ѾûҵڵλáʱȽּԶȥĮﻻӵȿʯҲǱȥ
Զȴʹ
Ȼׯӵλûб¶ĸȴҪΪáΪҪľӣֹǺ˺ƽΪ
ԸûʲôȨλʧܵ飬ǲԼĵҲܿŭˡ
ԶûаȥΪʶļƻ֮СΪı뿪Ŀƣȥطı·
ΪʲôѡᣬԶںദУкܶԼ͵ʡ
ĮȨһ׺ѡ񣬵ȴʱİ˺ͷ羰
£Τˡſʱ׼ȥѰԶë¡
Զ˵ͷתᣬҪҪԼһȥ
ΪԶæƾһ£ѾһʱûпϾֵˡ鷿һ飬ֻʹܾԶ롣
ԶЦЦڹſڷֿתȥë
Τ°ר͵ԶϽվ
Զ˰ֱ֣⣬ȥǶëձˣ
ΤͷԶĿ
˸Ͻֱӣ̾ЩëʵҲǺõġĻҲÿɫޣˣһˡ
ۿΤҪëձһƪǧֵĳޣԶϽ˶Τĳƪۡ
ҪЧʣǵҲ˵ϡ
ΤҲǿУԶë棬ʽĳޡ
˻ڴűɫȾĴֲµʱʹǼҵʵ˼ңҲɫ·ɫ޵ȷʵʮѵá
ҲԶ£ȾȾɫҪȽЩȻһӣ²Ҫˡ
ʹԶңĵӳɱҲ͡
Զ׼εĿͻȺЩ˲һɵǮһˡ
ŸΤҲΪôܵļƻûҪԷǡҪͥһԼü̸
ԶȱΤöԷһҪѼǮ̫ߡ
ΤԶΪʲô߼۴׬һأëձʽûϲ
ΤЩɻѯʣԶ͵ѼǮøЩȻڶʱʹ׬һʣҪȴֹЩ
Τȵ̧ͷͿԶĵӣЦΪҪÿгš
ļƻԶֹëô򵥡
ԶȿЩɫޡϳˡǮȴߵëӣܵʿ嶼ëƷĴڣ󵽶ë֯ɵʱͻᱻ׽ܡ
ڸ˼˵Ҫůѡкܶ࣬ëʲôΨһ
һϳһδŵġëƳɵʱʼ㲻̫ѡ
ȻԶëǱůЧ̶ȣԶڵܻܲӭ
ҪʱǽëƳɵ
ԶĮëٶȱ֣õİ취һԱƷؽӴϤ
ëõѡ
Ưͼ޵ɫüѵãַϲ׼㰺ļ۸ܿõʿײ
ԶҪѹǮԭ򡣱˶Ҫֱֵһᡣ
ΤӷתǿԶ˼·
ԶһθӪʱͶԶľ츳Щ˽⡣
û뵽ֻǶԷ򵥵һııԶǸҪöࡣ
ǶȻʲô壬ΤȴԶٺʲ
ױڸߣĿȾѧϰ̼֮Ժŵر֤Լϴ󲿷˶Ҫ
ԶȴֻңҿԷ󣬲м̼֮£Ȼе˶û˻·
ǶΤ뷨Զ֪ԶһһֱظΪһеµˣ¢ǲԵģһƵ̼û˻·
Ϊʲôκëⶼ߬һ
±ʾֲˣȻԸ¢Ͽ
㶨£ԶϿʼΤġ
ʱſͣһĳ滹жżҵı־ԶʶΤװŵĻʲô
ΤԣЩյ̾˿ص£Щѡ
ѣԶЩɻ
ͥûֲѵĵطϱв֣֮ͥңɱͲһСĿ
Զƶϣǲ̫ġ
Ȼ̧۾Ϳ˶Τŵ
ж¿˶ڰ·Ϊ·ֻʣһˡ
ּ׸ΤһΪ죬ȻҪա
Զεҡҡͷ伫Զ;ˮ߲ʱʼ͵ڿ
ΨһɻľǣԶΤḻˣӦòֵ᷸ͼǡ
ԶɻʳڣȴΤ̾㲻֪Щ˾Ϳֵάءն̫ԣԵϹĲ࣬Զĵطȥˡҿܣſܲܰһȥֻ·̫ˣûǰæһˡ
Զ˶ΤĽͣҲ̾˿
ʱͨ㣬ûа취¡ܲöΤǮİѡ
ȵȣѣ
Զէ֣ˮ˵ǿƳѸɵİ
ͿǱ߲ôˡ
ԶͻȻվѶΤҲһûüѯʣԶԼȥѡ
ΤһͷˮǴԶŻ¿ǰȥһСѣӲɾݵԶǰ
ԶӹȥҲ̫ΤûвɾһŽ
ĵⲢûзֲѲûΪƷֹ϶ıζ
һɿڣ㹻ﵽƳѸɵҪ
л˵
ս̫пˣƽĺ󡪡


78 
ƳѸɺ󲻽㱣, ס;䣬Ƿϡȱʱ˿˿Ѹɻܵ˵Ļӭ
Ѹɵ, Զǵ½³һأǻѲժѹרŵɹڣپȷ紵ѺܿˮѸɡ
ַѸ, ҪΪ³һ⡣
Զ֪Ϸܸܲȷ紵ɵķ, ټϽҲһʲСĿ
ݶΤϷӦǱȽƶĵطĳɱ̫, Ҳ̫ʡ
Ǿֻʹԭʼķ̫ɹ, ˮˡ
ԶͥĲݱࡣպëĵСǶóżգù½˰
ԷһԼҪɹ̵ĴСʽʶԷܲ
ڵõ϶Ĵ𸴺Զ˿
ַĲɶףͨЧܺ, ʺʢɹˡ
Ҫ, ֲݱԭ洦ɼ෨Ҳѡֲѵİ˵ɱͶ롣
, Ǹѵˡ
վһԵĶΤһ±ƵؿԶԸСӣǰԼ, ༸̳
ò׵ȵ뿪, Τڲȥ, һɻؿڣ, Ҫʲô
˵Ѹ𣿡Զһѡ
ò˵, ѵζĺܲһֺ
Τʵҡҡͷ
Զ鲻ѵ˿Ц˼Щգգۣǲ²¿¶͡
Τѡɣѵţһǰɹɸɣ
Զ֮ǰľͲﻮţӹѾʼͶʹˡرȥûüţɣҲһ
ˣΤһѸɡ֣뵽ľͲţɡ
Ҳ֪ʲôԭ˿ףʱȴޱȽӵ
˼һ㡲䣬ֶʲôɣ䡹޸ϼһģһʮš
ٿֱ֣ǲܱȡ
ҲܹԶϾĲ̫ó֣֪ˮƽˡ
ˣԶͷ
Τ⻰Ҳ˲²۵ˮƽˣϽʡ
˵Ѹôİ
ζʲôϣ
ԼҪһ¸ʹʲô
ʹ;ǡ
ԶŰļдϵĶΤЦЦָųѿڵȥѸɣûйǮ
Τʱԭء
ʹէһԶڹϷˣϾ˸ɻǮôǼ¡
ϸһ룬֪Զʹжˡ
ѸɵļʱԶ֪ȴԹġԶöΤȥѸɣǰҵδ涼
ʹͣĮҲֻԶظˡ
ʹ͵ĶΤվԭأþû
ԶӣЦŴȤôɵ˲ɣɵҲøҸɻ
ΤϽҡҡͷͰ͵ؿڣҡҲ˼£ʹ̫ˣҡ
ԶûأϳժһѣԶΤ˵ûʲôģ͸ҵĵֻҪİ취ˡ
ѸɻһܹؼĲ裬ǾɹǰҪ
ΪȥѱʣѸˮʱ䡣ȻɹʱѸɺ׷ɫ
ҲҿڶʱͰѻһĻԭƳˣȻڻҪʾ֭ѰƷ
Ҫô˵ҪأԶ룬û»治ð졣
ˣҲˣһǾܰɹѵĲ̱ʱȥѰʵĵط֯ɹѰɡȱʲôʹҪ
Զһ³̵뿪ֻ¶Τһ˻վԭأԶĴϲ
ԶѸɵķΤҲͷһȵľ
˽ΤΪˣо̵ͷԣȴðſķշѡѵõģҲԶ͵ġ
ķԶֲܸѵİմȥϣ
⼸ĮǴ죬ɹѸûбӰ졣ټ϶ΤҹݵعעѸɵʮѾͺ˳ؽһ׶Ρ
ѸҲȫ̫ɹˮֵģǵҪʱû֭Һʱתȥĵطʣˮ֡
ֹһܣѸѾȫɹϡ
ɫûԶִʱѸƯζȴһ㶼ġ
һѳȥһЩɹɵѸܹҲûж٣ǿװ̡
ԶһԼʣµľȫöΤˣȥҲ̽һǷгӭ
ΤгҪëձǰ⣬һЩƣԼ֮Ļ
رǷܻܺӭÿÿĮ̶˷ܣȿֺŶҪչ
ֻùˣ𣬸˲ϡԲ׬Ǯ̶ֻΪ˺ܵĴ̿ʹùϵҲǺռط˳һЩˡ
еܣشԼҪһµʱ䡣
һ˵ֻǶϷİֲѣȴЩȲˡ
һ¹Įë⣬ΤãǰȥֻдŸܵܣöԷѸһ¡
ԶµЩѸɣǷָһЩֱ˵Ĵ̨۰ͰͿţһ㣬ԼҲûʣ¶١
ԶﳢѸζˣǵҲҪһ㣬ԶЩ䵭üۣ࿵Ъ˼
Ҫ
Ǹˣ˭Ҵӻڶʳģ
̨ȼ֮ѹûκ֪ԶѸ¡
͵ϷĵһѸ˵ͥǰЩֻ֪һƳɵʳͷȴʮɿڣȴûһ׿ڳζ
˺ЩʱգεѸɵ̶ӡ
ЩϷ̶һͥȴûƬͣ;ֱȥˡ
һЩ˲֪ԭǶΤĵܵܵϷ֮ǩչЭ飬еĹͶԶϡ
ǸԶĶ£˺öԼֵˮ
ˮ֮࣬·˴֮󣬻ʣºü
ԶԲԵ꣬ǾͲö֪ˡ˺þõѸܳζˡ
һѸɺܿ㱻˸⡣Ͼ¶ϲĶôܲóأ
ѸɵζҲȷûʧɹɹɺ󣬳ѱζԭ֮⣬˼ֱķζ
ִ˵ѸЩˣڼȱǵĹˣѸɼֱǾѵζ
ѸĮܵǵޣܸˡΤȥܵһѸɣûüͱһ̸Ĺø߼ȥˡ
ʶѸɵܻӭ̶ȣΤҹдŸԼܵܣϽӱһѸɹ
͹һΤûǰƷȥԼйܹ帮С
бǵĹϣҲǺµ۵ĸҡ
֮ǰ˱ΪͶΤֽɵ⣬׬ֻֽܵ۲ǰ߰׬Ǯࡣ
֪Τиܲһָ㣬ҲһֱźͶԷĺϵ
ڼΤ͹Ѹɺëʱ˾֪ǵĻһεˡ
ǿصĲǻﱾļֵ䱳Ķ
ѸҲۣë棬ȴǿһǰδеĹδ
úãռ֮ܵһĲƥг
Ҳʲôңڶ̶̵ʮһԾΪݵţľݶԻ֪ͷһĹҡ
ǰԼŮμŮѡˣͶΤˡ
νӴΤı㲻ʲô֧ˣǹҵĵӹס
θߴѹüëʱһŭģ
Τʩѹȴû뵽ԷһСС̷Ȼ޾ɫԴǼû˿ҡ
ЦΤô˵ҲǺ͵̸ЦˣôẦ¹װϡ
ޱ鿴ʱǲŽη塣
ۿⷨӲãҲֻð̬ȣʼͶΤ˷ëһ¡
ʱ̴žž죬׳־Ҫ¢ܵë⣬˵Ƕ˺üףȴû뵽Τһס
ϾΤԶԶĶ֡
ΤԶĶܹ׸ʲôʼղɿڣֻԷ
¢⣬Ǿܵġ
ȨԶһûôëҲ˵Ƿ֯ļһѵǡ
ǸѳɱúĮһ͡
Զ۵ķϴëȽķ֯Чʡ
ʲôأ
ʲôûС
ԶΤתԶĸʱҪ׬Ǯ˽⣬ûκѡ
εΤǩ˺Լ󣬹̾ʳԼԼѸɺͲɻ
Ǿһе˵˭
ΤЦ׸ϽڣɱңĮ֮ǰʲôҿúܣ־ɵ
εѸɣ֮ǰͷĮֻô̵Ұطġ
Τصҡͷ֮ǰ¶ķʽӦɲ²¿
¶ûн͡Τﲹ䡣
ԣҲһĮĴ¡
һ뵽ʲôϵЦ⣬Ų豭ֶͣ˰ա
Լ룬δҲ̫ˡʵͰǰݲùײš
ĮʼЩδִܻӭƷܵʱ䣬ԶĮĮĲú
´󺧣֪ΪԶˣΪµ۾Ȼôһ˵Į
ᾩ˶˵Զǲ֮
ôأ
Τǰ˱Īı飬֪Ѿ³࣬жʱʹ֡
Դ֪˵ǵǲ֮˺󣬶Τʮ
¶ĮдԼնѵ¾κڮٵ¡ƫƫЩԭ¾ͳɷĲ֮ˣȻ
֪ԶһִٳɵĶΤԾһڶˬ뿪˹
ѸֶǸõʱʮֿɹ۵ġ£һѸɾ˵ܡ
µּʳˣѸƳɵ޲ڣͨˡ
ĮѸܴܻӭƣ̶ӹ
ŷѸɣϷİպ̶Ӹ쵽ǰ׬һʡ
ԶΤǲһݵġֻԶʲʵ̫ЩǮҲ㲻ʲôˡ
ᾩڵʱע飬˹һǳ޵ӣóĹЧ⣬һԾǵϢҲ˲
л˵
һԤյİȤıԵղء
ս񴩳Ȧ󡷣
󽫻һԽǧһFѡĿѡϡ
ŸϡŹ֣㲻;Ķ䭺˵ϲöһ㻹Ǳ˶һ㡣
ôءĶ㿪ʼתֻӴ壬ʺĶĻҰο

ܿ죬תִƼĻ䭾סάĸֵ塣
˿ΪԼҰ˺¥ʱƮƮĻѾֳֳվ˹̨ǰ
ֱӴֱλĿǡüī轣ġ˧硣
ˣݣг˫ϣ֫Ӳ
˻ΪһԴĶʱѾĳλųҵڱ˵ĵȥʷʣ۸ڶȦУŶԼĹŶղ
ˣиҵ޵ī

ÿΪǻ䭵ȫʱԷܻվüʵžž
ԤԻ䭲μĳѶȵգһᱻĥÿ಻ʱ
ͨĻ䭣پڻع鵽ϤĴԪʹ߻һ岻ڡȲֵƿϰ壬Ҳš

䣬ڶⶼɢϲã˿ϼҵĻ䭣ĳܲ룬Աǰɡ
¸֤ʵĲ롪
̣䭾ֻмҰûڽĿ˳ӡ
ǰʮȫܵĻ䭣룺ԼסԼҲǲΪѵشӦ
Ϊ漼Ϊ0ĸܡŬѧϰִƼĴ󽫾ʮȫܴˣ
ҹԡֱУ
1v1HEܣ񹥣ʳ


79 
Ϣǹȥ˺, µʲôʹȥĮԶ
ò񷨣ʱ೯Ҳ
κǱһУƫ϶ԶݲӰܹ, ȥĮųˡȰ裬㰴ı۴Ļ
˭뾹ǷŻɽˡ
Զڻᾩʱαװÿɺãһӹµܵģ, û뵽ȥĮһƵġ
ȥ궬ڻᾩһʱ, 徺׷澹ȻҲŪġ
ЩʲôǴֲµԶ࣬ǿɲ֪
ΪˣѾҥԴԶʵϵǾת, ܹ֮ţΪ˸˼ġ
ܻ֮Ϊ, ΪǵĻʵ޵¡
֮෴ĮʲôˣȻһĿȻˡ
˵⻰Ǵ󲻾κܵĻ½Ӷطǲ²ס֮ڣеԱⷬ۵ġ
˵ʲô, ԶѾ˻ȥ, һ֮ȴʦǰ, Ҫ뾩Ρ
Ҫص鷳ƫƫǱ»Ϻе˵ǡ
ҥԴ˹, Щɮ˵Ϊð, Żή¾ʾ, źµ۳Źһ˵
ϾǵҲûӻ, ڳ, ܽµۺƭȥǵСҪסˡ
ɮʿǵһ˵£д󳼽Ȱ˵µһŭ֮±˻ᾩ

ʦ
⣬ĵѧ첽Ӻ׷
̶գʦޱȫסһᣬ¶ؿǰĶʦ
ˣȥɡĵȰѧļ򣬷οǱȥͨݰˣֲʲôδ֮ء
ԭȰʦڻᾩЩʱգͬšΪڳδûлתء
Ҳ֪ʦԸ
ĵһֱ̹ˣҲ֪Ź񣬻Ҫɡ
գҲûаѹȰĻ˵ڣվͤŶʦʧ˹ٵľͷ
һߵĮһ֪ܷʲôԶ˿Ķȴʦż
ȴʦἰ˲ٹڻᾩĽ˵Լ뿪ᾩĴһЩʱգҲǱܱܷͷ
Įķ羰㲻Ը⣬ǿĮ
ԶдһĮĺһţȴʦ˻ȥ
ĮҪҪˮǾͽȥǰɡ
ԶһµİãǾ㡣
ԴѸƳԶѸ˼ָ㡣
ĸ㶼ǺƷ֣Ϊʱû͵ԵʣԶܾ˵ζ
ǰʱһѡٿԣ˲̤ʵϸɵˣ⼸Ҳһһ˹ְ
³죬Ҳûʲô¡Զͳʼĥ͵
ţ̾ķġ
ʱûĻĳһ̫鷳Զѡԭʼһ취ţ̸һԾãţԼֲ㡣
ֲţǲǵˡ
⼸ͥȣԶȥڻᾩΪ˱İ취óȻͤɱ̫ߣİ취Ǻʵġ
ټı㹻Ȼ÷ֲţ²ǷŰҪˡ
ְ취ȡ͵ЧȻǱȲķ룬ԶȱǮʣµţҲôȻһ鵰ҲݳƷˡ
ͺͼĹߣԶľ֮ǰľͲʱĽèһ
ֻǽֱŵƬŵˡ
ԶհһѶᵽ˾Ķ˹ȥ˵ʲôԶԶ֡
Զֲǣֻǰϣָżʦһҵ͵⡣
Ȼͺĵȣ鵰ԵЩˣڼûԹ͵Զ˵Ѿʮˡ
հѵ˵Զ̲סչȥһ顣
ŵϸĿڸУЩۡ
ԶƷʱͻȻʶһ⣺
鵰⣬ǸһЩˡ
һȱһǣҲƽĵ⣬ĵһ͹ȥҲܹˡ
ηѾˣҲһ顣
쿴ųһڵסԶɻѲǳʦûã
ɸոտƵʱƮɢŨŨվżˡ
£⵰ⲻͿζ̽ſڡ
Զҡͷ⵹ͦϿζġΪ̫ϿζˣŰˡ
ǵΪβˣʵ
Զ̾һӣ˸ĮȥһЩˡ
ʶصͷܸоЩԾƵġ
ϸϸ룬ŷڡǵ±ûаʲôָĮһݵѽ
֮ǰһѸɹȥҿ⣬Ϊοһ鵰ҲҪһݹȥأ
ͷһζԵºĮĹϵɻ
ǰ˵ĮߵרŹߵ£˵²ʽõ¹
ؼǣ»Ӧˡ
Ҫ֪ţԶֻӦһڣ;Եڶڵġ
ǰȰ˵춼ûôƫƫĮһ룬¾ȻӦˡ
̲סеɻʳ˿ڣ£ΪҪ͵Įأ
Զһ£һʱ侹֪ôش
ǽѯʣҲûпǹ⡣ֻʶģʲôʶһݡ
ԼһֱסĹͺͷꣿ
Զشҵϵ⡣ദϣʼȱ֪ⷽʶѭűȥ
ΪʲôҪһ鵰أ
ԶҲ벻ף԰߻˽֮أҲҪĮ𣿡
ǣǵҲǡ컺ڡ
ֻһС˶ѣΪʲôҪشôѵ⡣
ˣһ鵰ѡԶɴذ˰֣Ը϶Խ
Сľˡ
ţȥɡԶӦһͷҲû̧زǵó顣
Сסͷ
һԼԣһĮ׵ģ׵ġ
ûȽԶϢӭӭһ鵰ˡ
ԶĹѾҪͨˣִǻȽԶѾƿš
ôˣ
Զ͵⣬ͻȻ̧ͷͿŶᡣ
촩һīɫۣûȥӪ͹ˡ
֮ǰ²ͥ˹ѧԺϢ˺һأ˵ǱҲһƵѧУܲܽ輸ǡ
ԹԵԶ棬ڵ
УߵأжĸǡңǱߵĲͷìܣǵİȫ֤ˡԶؾܾ
ԺһصĲûʲôøС֮ǰ鷷εʱ⼸¶֮࣬ηµҲǡ
СûʲôʹӦҲǼ䲻˳ۺܾˡ
ԶòİȥѧԺѧϰ͸ɴ³ǰɣ³Ҳмš
ɱ˻ҪİЦͷһ仰ﵽ
Ϣǲ𣿡ԶҲ¶Ц⡣
üʰǺܾˣȱͷ
ԶûסһкܾãǰŴһ̡
Ҳǡɷµص˵ͷ
˵£ע⵽ϷһЩֵʳ
һѩһ׵Ķģ͸ţζģȴδġ
ῪѯʣԶŷεĴ
տ˵͹ȥʲô¶ûУƫƫǽԶʳץ˸š
Ȼ֪ʲôģԶĪЩԲסᡣ
Ͼĺ֪ģȴһ鵰ⶼûԷ
Īʹ£Զ˵Į֮ڵһ仰
ǵ⣬Ҫ𣿡
䣬Զ̲סһ
˵ʲô
鵰ԼѾһ롣ʱЩ˼ң˳ԹʳȴҪҪӳʲô
ΪǳǸһ׼ģ鵰ⲢûпֱӶ˹
ûüΪԼĴҲվߵſڣʽҪһ
ɣ᲻㳢һɣ
ԶıӰ޲ôԽһǰǸ˵Լ
ƫƫʲôûƵģһףŽԼ
ã֪ӡԶŵͷƷᣬֵ롣
滹Ѹɣµ⣬ѯʵ
ԶɫӲصͷȴ˿ӰƷ¡
ζܺãرһ㣬Ӧţģü
ǣΪͣţ龲ðպȡϲҺǺƳɵġ
Ѿķ֮һĵ⣬Զſϣػش
𣿡ӣЩɻؿԶ
ѾˣҲ˷ʳһ鵰ʲôֵ£ԶԱӣ
ƾĶۣԶ̬ǺĿġ
Զûͬһ鵰ľˣʹһӢݣ㻹ǳԵЩࡣ
鵰ҲǺܴûһ㱻˳˸ɾ
ߺ󣬽ʰӡ
ſ˵뿪ʱԶղٿˡ
죺
Сס
л˵
Сܣͺͷꡣ
᣺ԶԶԡ


80 
º, ׯڱ½½ջʱ
ΪԶڴʱˮȵˮʩʩʹҲڲĶɵؽţԽׯڵĳƶʮϲˡ
Ҫ˵õ, ԶȥĴ󶹡
ҪǴﲻأ¶ȡˮ֮ҪҲߣȻͱҪߡ
ֻǴҲи鷳⣬ǾǴȫļ, Ծͻը, Ķɢһأո鷳ɵʧҲȽϴ
ոʱ̫, 󶹵ĺˮ̫ߣʱɹ, ù䡣
ɳ˲ˣۿŵĶһ쿪ʼƣȴ벻һõİ취
ΣֻõԶѰ
һ磬Զճ, Լ׼, Ϳӭ˲弸ˡ
ũɫ࣬Դ, ˪˵һ
Զ˾񿴼˾һ, ৡһ¾, Զǰ
ôˣԶЩɻؿˡ
Զʱķ, ӦǴӹġԼ, , ʵЩֵġ
˸עЩһ󣬾͸Ͻ⼸⽲һ顣
ո󶹵⣿
Զ롣󶹵ոʱȷʵЩֻ̣ںĶǻеԱ⡣
ôأ
ԶЩεؿǰˣָܲѴոɣ
ܶЩҼǵýֵĴҲرడԶ룬ʵ
ǵòֵʱֻͦš
οͷÿեʣĶҲ˰գרŸݷģӦܿյóʱոׯڲǡ
ΪեĶͻȥʳãեʱûôʣµĶɲǺܸɾԶ͸ɴ඼˰ǣȥι
£֪ģĮԭûôؿ֣ǵ½꽨ˮָغŶô˰ռûôոׯڵũߡ
̾˿Ҳң֮ǰȫûпǹ⡣
ԭ
Զ˵ͷ𣿡
ĮϽũߵģǿһ
ֶֻܵúϣҪϼۡ
Ϊԭ򡣡ҡҡͷǱ߻ġ
Զü벻ʲôԭ
Զı飬ɵһ²ŷӦϽ͵ΪռﲢԣðũߵǮ
һԭû˵Զũﶼָ˸İգǶһûʲô飬Ҳǡˣһ`Ǯһũߡ
֮ǰͲʱǶٸԯӣԼջʳϽٸ
Զ׹üĵҵǰⷽˡ
˵һ䡸⵹ʲô¡㿴弸۰Ͱ͵ؿԼ
ԶֱëϽʾ⼸˸ϡ
ԶⲻʲôһҲΪʲô¿ɡ
ֱԶ˴Լǲףԭһ
ԶָŽԲ˵ҸϵĹܼңðũߵǮþС
ŲΪ𾪶ЩľԶԷʲô𣿡
Ѿ޴󣬹һƬӾϰٻ˼ңҪ˰ɡǿعͰ͵ؿڡ
֪޷㵫ȥȡˡԶذ˰֡
ǮͿΪΪ
Զʵ֤ǮȷʵǿΪΪġ
ԶİܼңѾǼˣǵҲȷʵʱ
ԶЩһܻĸˣοԶֹһ
ڵĲƸҲԶ¶Ǯ£ȼԺ;ƾȡ
ƾǺǮģȻ»ҪٰѸһΡ
Զ룬ֲЩũ߲ѷŸգķʽȵ׬Ǯʳ
ԶϰѷŸգΪСҪðʲô¶ٸԸԼŬϰߡ
ԼȱǮǰǹٸĹȴĮķչ
סǧллԶһ㱵
ǽһ⣬˸ոձԼԵ£ѯʵ½ȥ𣿡
ԶػشĮһЩ¡
ʵȥǲ˶ţ˵ƺԼ̫á
벻ʲôҪº峿һֻ֣ƶǶص˵ͷȥ
˵µļҲжٰ˻ڴԴֹ
֪ǱϵĹ⻹Ҫɡһ˲²
ҲãĮĹûзӯ
Ҳǡ
˵Ĳ²⵹ҲȽʵǸһǮӪﲦԸ񣬽Ĺвʣ࣬ȫԶѸ붼˼ɸ
Ҫ˵׬Ǯ⣬ΡȻԶμѹ˼֣ʳΪɻȱƷͲ١
ټƳƷֺã²ƫԶĲ䶼ͥΡ
ڣĮʳҲܷˣǲϵһ
ζţƷҲʼܣԭսɡ
ĮĶ죬Ӧܹñȥ껹á
ëԶҲ˷Ż˾ʼصѰϡ
ĮĺԭҪ硣ԶǵȥʮѮʱĮѾëҪ㿪ʼС
ĲƥҪĮİգͬʱҪռһ֮ء
ļƻЩżƣԶҲòߴ˼ӿٶȡ
ӽܱУԶزƻܣᰲ̫ˡ
ƺܾǿ籩굽ǰĳһƽȴǲƹ
ԶȥͿʼ׼ëһ¡˴꣬ëҲ˲٣ټϹ컹ټһë
ˣȻҪЩڶ㹻ëƥǲѵġ
ԶΨһźľǣֱ죬Ҳûо֯ëµİ취
ΣԶֻ÷˴֯յ뷨
ǰǻգǱֻҪЩëߣڼҾ֯ʵʡһǮ
ëԶͲȥҪҲΪⷽûʲô飬ΨһҲֻиСЩǮ
һֱǶͶãֽÿ׬Ǯȳ󲿷ֵĵӻҪࡣ
ƽϰŮ˳ǣܾԼȸǸ߹Ƶġ
ڿ׬ñԼҪһࡣ˵һӾͲƽˣ˵ЩġĻ
⼸ϳƵ۳֣ʲôĻУԶǣ˽ȥ
˵ֻӶŮӣҪʲô˵¡
û죬ЩϢ㴫˱Ķ
Զ鷿飬Ϳ˽޷޲ƽİԼ
Ҳ׬Ǯ˭Ȼֻ˵óڡԶԽԽȥִ˽˵
Ҫ֪ɷȥĹѸڻûŮԿԵ
Ҳ˵ǲǷл䣬׬Ǯġ
ǹС׬öЩǱӼŮԵĵλԶԽܡû뵽Ⱥ˾Ȼ˱˻Ҫԡ
ȻֻһСˣҲ㹻ˡ
л˵
Сܣ


81 
û, ֵͥĽϱһ档
ʮʽš͸ӱѺ˽е롣
Щ˫ֱﻹشеƾʲôץңҷɷ
к, ǲŹǵģ
Сһ˵ƨһţһץġ
˱ߵ˸ֻ÷޷޲ƽر졣
۵һĻܿΧյΧۡ
ΧİԽԽ, ЩҲҲû˸ոյĸʵ, ʵǾǷʲô°
ûתʱķ
һ˰һ̨ģİе
Χ۵İæÿ, Χ˻һۣڶԷϿɻı顣
Ǽܻһͬ, һЦԶ
ѰգԶȻϲòѡʮȴʲôηĶһ˶
Ǻµԭ޷ˡǰ˵˲ٶԷĻҶЩƾ޾ݵܶϣʱȻԶ
һ԰վصĿ, ԶŲÿǰͣƬ̡
ԷԼͬ˲, Զһǰվڵǰھ¥˵, ëǲǻ֯Щƾʲô׬ô๤Ǯ, 𣿡
ʵǰͷҡ˹һһƳ, ֿλεĳ, ηηص˵ͷ
ܺáԶ˵ͷ
Ǹº͵Ц, ȴûܷɰ㡣
Զߵһǰ,ƺ˵ˡЩС׬ôǮһǻֶΣ˷еĹ¡Ļ
˼ԶһֲظԼ˵ĻŵɫҰףȶ˶¡
Զ⸱ģᡸŶһüҵû˵ٻ
أ˵ЩʲôԶֿһˡ
ĸҰԼ˵ĻԶæСĲǵˣСһʱͿСİɣСҲˡ
˰Զ˰֣һ񣬡һ¡
ǡ
ǰһһһ۵ػشǰ¥Ծƣͬе˵֮ëֻļСӣΪΪԼ
⻰һ˵꣬Χ۵İձը˹
Įļ²ĺ£ŵµĶ飬£Ƕȥˡ
ǵ¾վߣǶҪòҶӺͳҵġ
𣿡Զһʾһ·ŭİգһ߿ˡ
롭ˡ˵Ѿòӡ
ԶͷɨһȦһѵļˣȻָԱ֯ĻڵȻǶЩСǲôĹǮЩϵģ֯ɡ
Щŵ˶ˣĻп֯
ԶǰüҼǵǵ˵ʱǺӲôڷųӡʲǰѺȥ
еĽǰһ˵죬Ͱ֯ǰ
֯ԶеĻġĻ֯ЧʣͷҲǱԭе֯һࡣ
ൽ֯ǰˣ亹˳޽
ǰȻһ֯˵ǲˣĳʲôõ֪
Χ۵ȺʱҲµ⼸ǻٶƵĻû뵽¾ȻЩ˶ץ˳
ԶԷڵ㲻Ʋôڸ֤Լֲˣ
⻰Щ˸Ͻġ
ǰ˵ʲôŮãֻΪէһŮ׬ñǶ࣬ﲻˬˡ
˭룬ԶȻ֯Щ
ԶҲἸ˵ģֻ˫ֱۣؿʮ˶һһվ֯ǰ
򵥵ķ߹ҲڵǰЩȴûһõġ
״ԶɫǣһǾ㿼ѡġ׬ÿһǮġӦõģֲ˵ġ˵ǲ䣬ѵǾ𣿡
һȺ߶ˣţԶ̲סһ˶̵̧ͷ
Χ۵ȺУҲͬˣЩСǸôõĴҲɵشͷ
㡣ԶߵǸ˵йһµˣЦһڵ費Ҫȥû˵£
ûеԷ̰ʱǹİϴԶҡͷˣء
һηļˣСǳڶԶһɨ뿪˽С
ֻʮ˶յɥ֮Ȯһսսˡ
Ƕ㵽ٲ˱Ǳġ
ڶȻѾˣԶҪȴԶֹЩ
֮󣬱㵽Ǯӡһ죬ŮǱ𾪵ط֣ǼҵӾȻûдǮؼҡ
šüͷһʲ֪ǾȻǰѹǮʲôǮׯĵط
԰Ҵˣ㲻˵Ůûô㽫ҲûôǮСش
Щ˵лǳۺͼʣЩС׬ǮԼǵ˱ǴĻˡ
Զ֪˾Ȼ١
ӽ֪˴º󣬱Ѱ˹ڵ
Զȥ궬ڽǸݱĸˡȥëСǵĹϵҲúܺá
ϸԶֳϴëߡȾɫ֯ź󣬰˵ƾ£֯һµĸˡ
˽һʲˡ
ȥܿ˰
һͬĻȾĹ²ȡԶ˵İ취ȾһµɫԶ
·ϱͶ˵ԶǹԭˣûʣͽһһʮԶˡ
ȻԶϣ͸¶һֵ
˵˵ɡ
Զɫƽ΢Ϥһ֪Ѿǰˡ
ʵԶٷŭǰԱѱһͿҲֻöԷûȥѡ
еԭǷŭõ﷢𣬵עνϡ
ԶദʱãԶΪˣӣ֪Щ˵лҪˡ
һ·ߺã±Ӽǵúúˡĵ
Զ֧֣ʱֱӣ˴ָشЩƽס˻ãܶӻصЩỰĵġ
̾һҶŵµĺãԸ뿪ӱֱӰᵽͬסˡ
Զ˵ͷʼʱ㻮˹ǾסĵطסҲ۲Ϊˡ
ֻǡ
˶٣֪ò˵ڣ뵽ǹֻЩÿµĹǮҪУҲΪѹ
ֹأһԵĲ֪Ӻƣ໰˵ίЩ
ƢֱæվЩСӵļǮ˵Թ׬ò࣬໰ǡһɵ˶
ˣУһǴӱĲġ³Ǻʲôһ׬ǮңʱճԾ֣ƫƫﻹðǮǷӻ
˱ˣ滹˵ЩĵỰ˵ﲻõ˹ۡ
ȿڲ裬˵ԶۿһȦϽŤͷһ
˸˶˵ֵ˱Ȳ衣
ȥĻԶ󵽡ܵŮʱǼ˵
Ůڿúص˵Ǿ͸ˡ
˵ί񣬵˵ӦǼģȻҲƵмҲء
һʱ仹ýܱ֤Щ˲ǵǮӻ֪ǷԸ⣿Զ룬ڵ
ЩһϣҪ⣬²ܽġ
ԶҲֻЩǱס׬ĹǮЩǵĻ쵰ȥ
ǵȻԸģֻǡ̾˿
̸ֻסԹиԼƿǮƵġЩױȴ޴ԩ
𣿡
Զº͵Цɹ˰ĵǡ
ǰеڣǻʲôأ
ҡҡͷȥɣ߹ǲѹһᴦõġ
ۿͨİص̲סѯʵأ
֪ǮׯҲй񷻣Զʡ
⡭
һ£ŻشС֮ǰ˵ϷһרŸ˶һǮĵطҲЩǴЩǮСĴδۼ˵Ŀ
ǡԶЦŵͷÿµĹǮ浽棬ʲôʱҪǮˣƾ֤ȡǱ⣬˭⡣
δۼǮׯҲ֪ΪЩһĴ̿ģÿֻмǮܿ
ǱñЯƾ֤ȡ̫鷳ˡſڡ
ԶûзϡʱǮׯвͬΪЩ̳;ԶʱЯʵǮģ˻ҪһʲСıܷѡ
ԶҪֻǵĴȡǮˣǮׯȻҪ򵥺ܶࡣʹҲ뿪ܿġ
αǷǱˣǮô졭ЩⶼҪ
˵ʵھûڣǿнһеǮׯȫ׵ġ
ȴݵĽİ취ԶҲֻӲͷƤˡ
ȻǮׯһ裬СǵһƬ޺ͻϲ
ҲĮûŮҪĵ¡ĹأĶǣƾʲôԼ׬ǮҪЩǵȥӻ
ǰûа취֮ǮׯǱܰѹǮ浽棬ǼЩ˻Ҫ˵ĵģһǮõ
˷һЩԭʮԼŮ˼һãǮҪǶӿǣ㳢˱Ӧ
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82 
Ǯׯ󲻹, Զ߾ӭѯʡ
Զ֪ϾԼ֮ǰ¼Ǻ͹ҵҵйأٺͽڳʲô
ֱ׵˵, ԶĮĶλһֱʵ˲ţֺʲôĶǺ⡣
ȴĵ˺Ǯص飬˶û˵ĴȡǮǮׯҲѯ䡣
֮ǰƾʱҪ֪ԭġƷ, ԶذǮׯʽд
͵һ, Ϳ԰ֱֽݸԷʡûҪٸʵ׵ѯʡ
ΣԶȴԤʧˡ
ԶѾʮ, ûһǮׯĻǶְʮһͨ·ǳ档
·ʱ, ǡòֱֳͥĻᡣǵȻڳĽ֪սϵľ
ӡԶû󶯸ɸʹ˳ʱԶ˳, Ҳǳ԰, û¡
Ȼߵ˶˵ΪάСǣŻᷢôĻ, ֱȴ϶ֹˡ
Ӧкܶǵַôƫƫѡһ֣
ֱؿԶ, Ըκһ΢Сı顣
, ԶûκҪǻرܵĴ, ǻ˻еĲյ, ʵ֪¿Ϥǵļ״
ҡҡͷ, ֻ֪һȥ궬ģʼͷ
ʱΧ˸ԶЩƾеʿҲˣҪ⻨ǮˡԶȴܾЩ˵飬ִ฾˽
ëãЩǱ㵽ǱǱҲٹˡ
ҡͷԶʵʼЩӣǲ֯ǷߣѧöȺӿ죬֪Ϊʲô𣿡
뵽ʲôҡͷǵʾ
ΪʼЩǣʧȥɷ򡢼˵׹ѡƼѣΪĿԿԼΪĵطǲŸϧᣬƴѧϰ±¸ߡ
ԶԲĵ䡣Ӧ˵
˵ҹϨ˵ƺȻźȥߡëձָ˵ıȱȽǡùǳŵ˾ߣֹ涨Ϩƺ׼󣬲û
ԶĽͣЩס
ΪԼԼλÿһ¶ԼݣԾĸκһεľҪá
ȴû뵽Լûע⵽ĵطȻһȺӴİ޾ƶͿѣȻһ֪
һʱеʴӡ
ʶץϣ޴طſԶʶʵ£ǲˣ
Զ֪ôʵԭһֱϣԼðյøá
λԼûɣÿսʿ˷ŵĸʱȴ󷽡
ʱ˵ľԣͬʱҲǸֶεľ
չȻʺϿؽûԶһĴڣķʽʺڵĮ
ԶҡҡͷᶨǵģѾĺܺˡ
ĬáԶĮΪһ꣬Įյˮƽۿɼ˲١벻ΪȱٳԴʬҰ
ͷЦһ£òԶˡ
Զĵһôܺйǧµǻء
ҡͷܲȫܵģֺαأ
ѧô֮ɺһһܲɨ£ιʲô¶ռ˰ɣ
ĿԶƿ۵ҲᣬֻǾ˵£ĮԼǶ֪ôźˡ
Զڵ˵ĸоĳִȮǰԴʱ֮ôһ㣬
˶٣һǰἰԼľΪԭ˵ƻܣԼǶû̫ĸ顣
Įһһľ˺;ӡǡ
İ粢û̫ǣңֻס˲һȴĳĹС
Ҳѩɽ겻İѩҲ˼֮ؿı죬Ҳ˵еĮˡŵĸԡ
Զ벻Եɣܺܿ϶ǣԸĮġ
Զŵص˵ͷͷǡõסԶԼĿ⡣
ĵط˲𣬷·ղϧĵֻǴһ㡣
һģһԶȴ´ˡ
˲ʲô˳ĴȮƣһͷǣӵǰΪ¶ԷʹһĻˡ
ʱѾ磬Զ޵Ϣһ㿴ǰ֪˶õ߻Ӻ̩
ôˣԶЩɻ
ǰЩԼ򷢺̩³ǵĸѧϰݵʼ˵̩ڿ죬һЩȵҲᱧԹ븮ĹദҲ
Զ̩ǹһȻſڵǰЩ˵˽Ϸ£ʦ
ûʲô¡Զػش
̩˵ͷʵֻ˵ʦһרǴȡǮǮׯ
ԶšһһߵһʵԴʲô
Ժ̩Զ˰ʦԶʱʱһЩѯʶԷĿ
ˣԶʻ̩˼Ƭ̱شѧΪؽ⣬ܳá
ΪβܳأԶŲյһۡ
̩ЩСһۣӦŮǵĻ֡
ԶЩؿһۣû뵽СȻ
ʵø
̩һ£ȻСҾǵΪŮ϶˷ԡ
⻰˵ĲרΪŮǴδй£ȷʵ顣
ӦôأԶЦ
ѧ֪̩ܳʵҡҡͷ
Ҳһյ㡣ܵЩɥĸ˿ԵԶڵ
ôʵ֣ܼ³Ѹ˵ĹڿĹ۵㣬ոպá
Ҳͬġ̩ü˵
ʱ֪ЩжִʹǸһָ˵Ҳ⵽ǵķԡ
ԶǿԼǱͬ⣬ɻ
Զȴû˿ĵǣЦſָ̩һǽʵ￪һôһΪΣ
ողǻۻһôͻȻᵽ˴
ȻԶʣ̩㿴ǽʼ˼
ǽıڵ⿪һ˶ܿڵ龰ˡ
ɵؿڣⲻ̫ðɡ
ҪݶأԶݶ
̩˳Ŀ⿴һۣȻһµĻ̧ͷܿƲʵĳ¶̵ǻǽϿһȴɡ
𣿡ԶüԷ
̩ŻȻ򣬵µ˼ǣʼЩɥĸ˿Եһ£Ȼ⵽˷ԡ
ôΪԼҪŮӵֻΪɥŮԵСܶˡ
Ȼĺ̩˫ۣ¶羴ؿԷԶԼЩⲻȥˡ
ڶȥʱ⻹Ƿˡ
Է˵ԼҪͥ³еŮӿԵ뷨û뵽õͬ⡣
ƾ¶ǡ˵
Զҭǳأ
һȻģһپͲҷˡ
Զʶһ촽źϺϣһʱûʲôӦԵĻ
֪ھһ׼ĻģԶεؿԷ
ԶֻýԼպͺ̩˵ġȲݶظһ顣
л˵


83 
ٴջͬľ, ԶļƻڵʩС
£ɥĸ˿ԵĹ涨˳еĸʾϡ

ܵطҲĮѧ̻𿻵ļ
Ƿ˺ü˲ŵܵԵ, ̳Ļǲ࣬ҲĮĻôů͡
ʱëƾչֳˡǰЩë棬ʽۣնյëůЧҲǼõġ
ԭϯϻЩ, ëƳɵ, ϥǺ˫ůͶˡ
Ƿһ͵һ
ڵܣҾ΢һ˼Ҿͻë档Ҫʱһ˭ҵͼ³ɫƯ
ַ, Ҫ˭ԭϯӣʱҲûӵġ
ëܻӭĽ, Τûзʲôƹ㣬ëϱõгĽɡ
ëƳɵĲϱͨӻǹ˲ٵġǶ֪ʱҴë棬ˣ΢ЩǮĶ˼ƥѡ
ë˵Щ󸺵𡣵ëƳɵĲ, ҧҧǻġ
һ, ˼֡
ֱʱ˲ǲŷ, ëƳɵﱣůЧȻͨ˼
ѰҪһһСëƳɵ, ֻҪһ, ˾ů͵ˡ
, ëƳɵĲҪѰϱ˼֡
ʼǻЩ̫ӦëӵĴ, ȥҲȫΪëͷ
֪ëӵĺô, ǹëӳ۵ĲУǰ˳
Դ޳ΪٵҴ壬ʼԼСˣȥëϡ
Ĳ˵ëǳڵıůЧĶˡ
֮ǰöΪ˱ůֻҪﴩһëƳɵɲܺ˭Ըǰӷײأ
ëޱӴһ׮⣬ʼΤѡ˺ʱûаⶼѹڹһϣѰ˺üʵļ壬ֵͬ
ҲΪëӲ̶ܶµʱܵĸء
ۿЩ˿Įĺ׬ȻҲסˣҪȥһĮҲзһ
УȥĮ̵쳣вڲԭ
Ϊ˷󣬻вԸⶥŷôһˡȻҲۼһϰ˵̶ӡ
һʱյ׼Щ˱̤г̡
ѡƽ̹·ҲԶĮʱߵһ
·ıؾ֮һͨݳǣһľͲ䡣
ͨݱĵصĵط
̿͵ͷǻᾩԼҵĶɡԼĵ˽ܣ̶֪Ҫ·ͨݣСһҪǰȥݷѡ
̶ӵִͨݵĵڶǡĵ壬ԼҶɱѡǰݷá
ͨݱȲûᾩů͡һ磬ĵ¿㡣
Ȼƻᾩʤڷ羰ˡ
û˳е鷳£ᵽͨ࣬ĵоˡ
ԼҵļСܸùţĵ˼ڻᾩеϢ󣬱³׼뿪ˡ
ۿԽԽ䣬һʱ䶼鲻ˡ
Ϳ͵ĵĴʿͥ˸ϣ㸸ԼҶɴϢ
ëֵܿýʿͥڵ
ĵϵëʿͥ˲˲򵽵ġ
Ҳѹְϲů͵Ҳ᲻¡ĵԼ°ڣ̾
ǰҲ֪ĮôĲġʿͥҡҡͷ
ĵһأԸпĶӣ̾ϢؿڣĮ˵ķ֯ˮƽǶϲƳɵĲϵġֻȥȥĮԶ
ʿͥɴ˫ۣȷײԼЦ󣬲ҲһΪ𣿡
֮ǰᾩȷʵϢ˶Զһ֮Ȼ첻ôණ
ôȫܣʲôأ
Ǳ²ཱི˷ЩļԶͷˡ
ȴ˵ԶһΪʿͥЩˡ
Ǽ٣ԼҶɴ̶ӻ֪ˡĵɫӣܵһʧ
ʿͥƲƲ죬ûס粵ʹûȥĮܿҲӲ˴áһĳɣв֮ţкأ
ĵѵûвŸ󻹲Ǳ֮ء
ĵûмƽ϶ӻеĴ󲻾ǳĬؿԺ⣬֪Щʲô
ȵѪιҲ
˵ΪĮıܰҲһôûСëϴ಼ϵļ۸㽵ѰЩ˼ңҲˡʿͥߣԿο
ĵƽıµ۵ּ⣬㶼յйء
Ȼ⻰ĵ㲻ƸոǰĬˣ˳ʿͥĻ˵ͷ
ʱŮӶ֯ļΪƷ̶ȲߣѰռ֯ĲȥԼʹá
ˣëϵĴ֣ƽ˼ҵʲôӰ졣ǷΪƥ۸µ档
ΨһܵӰıЩ첼ƥˡ
ܣ͵սƷļЩֵҴ塣Զ޶ľЩ˵ë
ЩûڱСͲö֪ˡ

ǰĮ̶ӸյľͲ䣬㱻ǰľˡ
ԴԶ˿ţӹţ㶼˵ӹܡ
ľͲ佥̿͵תأҲӷ
죬Ϊ˷óף¶Ǩ˸ĵط
񣬲вΪ˿˼ҡ
һĮɫͭ󣬸˰·̿Ǳ㱻۷ˡ
Į˵Ұ׺ݣܵطҪ֣
̶޲̾
˵Ҫȥͥ󣬿ƹҲ˲٣һ̳ԼƵĸơ
ĮëϣѸɵණӷġģ
㷹̶˺ƹϢ
Ȼˣ
ƹһʰӣһŤͷָָϵͭڵڳԵͭ⣬ǵ·ĳԷϣ
ȺжʱͲˡ
ͭζǸոնܵˡˣᾩйԶϢʮа˾Ҳˡ
һۣ˶ڶԷп˾졣̽ʵƹ˵Ϣ
˵ʲôĨԶƹͼۡ
ڵȫԶЩ̿;Ȼ˵ʲôǲ֮ˣ
ۿƹҪȺиϽվƹᣬҲ˵Ϣ֪٣ƹ񣬲ð
⻰ƹ
ֱԵ֮ľͲ䲻ӭ𾴵µ͡
˵˼ûϰԭǡ
ջ˳ֹʲô֮ˣѩɽĻ
̶֮мֹæСͬ顣
˴󾪣ⲻͺʹԶˣ
ԶǾ·Ǳʧ£ŻǡĮ֮࣬ŻǰոƹҲ˵Զʲô
˾ӵľͥ
һֱܹԾӣĮһȼֱֱﻹЩԷ
һ·ֱһֱһ㶼ʣ
ǸںӿΡȻͦĽʲôҰߵˮôҲôȽǽƽ̡һжǴδľ
̶вȱҵӵܡڣȴǵһνҰһ㣬ÿһԼǰ˾ȵ
Įһ˿ǰľ˳˼
ֱʱ˲ľͲǸƹе˼
ľ󣬿ɲֻɲ
л˵

ôеġ


84 
̿͵, Զ̸ǴеҪĿҲ˳·ϰյָë, ͹Ĺһ·ϵˡ
ɨ۶Ů£̶ӵļҲЩȵġ
˵Щ˵л˵³Ǳǳʶر졣̸ĹºҲûΪԷǸͲӱ
̶ӵͷǮĺ, ̬ҲϿ, ׮˳ر㶨
ԼպȡȻ⼸Ǳڸתת
˳Ǻ, ӳ뼸Сɾıһƽũ
ǰǼˡһɾݸԱߵС, ˳¢˼ׯ˴İǰ
ʵĲʲôճҪ⡣
Ϊʱط˲ٵͥˣˣڿ⼸Į˲ͬɾǴʱæµĴҲû̫⣬ڱ˶Էѯʵļ⡣
˻ش, ΪɾͬеĻԱ, һǰ·һ߰Ѹոũ˵ĶԻΧ˸һ顣
ǲǶ˵Į, ǸڻĮһĲë֮ôʳأһɾΧľ¶ɻ˵
ĮĻҲˡʹǿֲ, ҲӦ̫ߡһҡҡͷ, ƶ˵
, ǲ, ոյЩũ˱ġҷǽ̸, ǺƬصӣ˵Ҫţ򶼽Լ׾죬ڶȫȫЩׯڡոũ˽̸˷
ô᣿˷׷ͣ˽ŲΧһ
統ˣĮǲҪܷʳˣ
һˡߡһ޵˵ãǵʳԼջأƽôЩ
ͿĮȱʳǻʲô취Լǣ˵ȺȻȫЩ
ֲûЩǱ㲻Įˡո˵˲ػ졣
Ȼƶ˶ףĮ֮ԻܺǱʱĺƽȫȻΪܵľҪЩ
ΡʳƥҶ֮ƷֻУĮ
ЩΪסĮǿ˲֪ٻе̵
ЩĮԼǶĮȫûκγˡ
ոշ޷޲ƽɾȻҲһ㣬ȻɫޣȴҲٳԱ粵ˡ
ǰʮǰǿʢãȻ̫ηĮǱ񡭡
ˣǲˡ
֮ĽԼǾȫޣֻܼϣڶԷһͬ˥ˡ
ܵɾǻܱ뷨ˣۿĮһطǿʢǵĵҰοҲȥˡ
ֶԷڼٷչȴֻԼһȥʵڲܡ
ȺеһʱЩͳ
ȴǶˣʹԶҲܱ֤Įʳʵ㡣
ҪĮȻͰԶٴı£ڵˮƽҲûκΰ취
Ⱥɾһũ˽ˣǱ㲻㵣ǡ
ֻϧЩ˶ڸ˼ңׯ׽ĽӴҲڴʱԼ̤࣬мʫˡ
Ǽ²֣ʱʩʣôȣǱȫ֪ˡ
һߣԶͲҲŸֵ顣
£껹ִ𣿡ʵ
ճɺǲĻҲ˲٣Լ˻ĵس
ʱʣҪǰͰѴһ°׵
һȵٰŸʱҲæҳ˲
ţְɡԶͷ˾
ԼֵĶܲţٸҪеĻǵԴΪ
ΪʲôЩʳأ׻һġЩɻ
˵һֵӦøһǣҲǰҪʳõʳ
󣬴󶹵ôҪͺܶˡ
Զ֪ʲôҡҡͷ͵ѡﲻҪļֵҪֲĵطϲʡĮ캮Ҳ֣סһá
˼ĵ˵ͷԶֵĴԼĲҲЩȥ
ʲôȥ
ʶ̧ͷԶһ𾪵ı顣
Ҫ֪󶹲ﶼʲôϵȵʳԶ˺Ҳֻмƶ˼ңŻԴΪʳ
ʱǵֲũ򲻻ѡ󶹵ġ
ϴ󶹵ļ۸ҲʮֵͼЩһĳʳıôˡ
ڵ¾Ȼ˵ҪѴ𴦡Ҳ˵û˹򣬾ӵǮӶŷء
Ų循ȵֶ̧˰գԶЦһ͵ɱˣ󶹻եء
ǸãģԶե֪Ҳ
԰˵ţͻûǮ
Զεҡҡͷˣܰտǲôιţġ
ôˣյԼԴ
ԭûôĲԭѶһĶι̫ݳޡͨ˼ҼǺιţһġ
ܣţǼΪĶֻ˽ɱǷģһɱһͷ⡣
ܵİռжιЩѼһ󡣼ѼΪ̫Сʲô֬ġ˶Բˣιıˡ
ʱи˸ҲζȽأȻҲûʲô˳ˡ
һ͵гֱޱȹ
һزסϲɫ̲ס˴֣ܿ󶹴׬һʵĳ
ʲôӵȵǴôı
£һðնЩ󶹣
ԶһɾʮģЦҴŸ¶ɡﻹûеطٿһե͵
Ĵ󶹣͵Ȼ̫㡣ͥӹɶͺپľͲܣĳɱ»ӡ
õľͲ佨һե
пܣԶʵֱӽܣʡȥķá
ûиʵĺϻˣԶҲֻա
ǶͣԶĶƷ
ڴ󶹵ƷԶδֻ̫жԼĶɼ֣һױ棬ԷҲǴֲڵúܡ
ʲôƤ񣬶һĶû˵
ԶʹҪһʯ󶹹ȥʱЩɻҪôʲô
Ͼһʯ󶹲һٶأֶƽ˵Ǻ۵ġ
ʹᵽԶڹµһСԺ
߽ԺӣŵһŨĶ㡣ȥŷ֣ĳ𺳵ġ
ӵ̨ÿ̨϶һڴ
̨̿ž죬ĶҲཹིͣðݡ
Զڴ֮æͣ
һѳĴײƲȥиĭ滹ź磬Զȴȳһĺ
ῴ˿̨ǰæµԶתվһԵĹˣе⼸ܽ˾͵ش
Ǽ˾Ա߿ŵæµǱҪкãȥԷʮޡá
ԶתһȻһ߼ϵĹһ߶˵ǣҪԼֵġ
ѹŭ⣬ȻΪ˵飬Ǳǵ̷ա
ῴһæĵļ̣˻ǸϽ
ߵԶߣӹϵĳףһ߼ƲŸĭһ߶Զ˵ЩǣαԶ֡
ûо飬³˲Զ͵
ԶӦɽһ㣬һֱǹµһ㡣ȴΪȵô졣
Щε˵Ʋȥһ㸡ĭˣҿ˼۱㶼ѧˣʲôѵġ˵ʹǳ˲Ҳһѡ±Ѭôʱ䣬һô죿
ԶЦҡҡͷֲʲôֽС˶һˮ
Ǳó˵㺹ôΣ彡ˡ
ȷʵҲǷɣֻպ˳֣ûͷˡ
Ȼ˵ЩˣϾҲΪԼԶûб粵˳Ļ˵Ȼ岻ãҲҪˣȥ
ۿԶҪţϽס
ôˣԶת¶ɻ
¸ճһĺڳȥһҪ˷纮ˡ˵
ŶԶջĲӡ
ղȷʵû뵽㡣ڹȥ˷纮пҪģҲѡ
ˣĸĭƲɾˣҪʲô³ףָָеĶ
ԶչȥһȻĸĭƲһɶ¶ӨĹ
Ťͷ˿ɳ©ڵ԰ѻϨˣֻҪõƬ̼ɡ
ԶشǸ
ĿڸкζڼֶƷжǶõģɺܳʱ䱣棬ֱߴ󶹸ֵĲ֮ѡ
һĶ㿪ʼһ㵭ɫ塣
Զһ˫꣬߼ем䣬̳ŵһԵļϣһͳˡ
ῴԶ˼κ󣬱ȡһ˫ӣèʣҲһˡ
ոջ˵šȥαԶ֡ᣬһðС˳ʱĸ
л˵
᣺ż̳ˣͨ


85 
˰ʱĸ, ԶŷӦԼԭǴʾͰǵġ
һͣȫ˲˵, ԭԱѧϰҲ˳ȥ
ⲻ൱ڸոյȫ׸̸ֲ
Զתͷᣬ׼˵ʲôͿϵĺ顣
ˣ׸ɾͰ׸ɰɡĵ
ԷһĮ, ̸, ʲô˵ġ
ۿĸ񶼿챻ˣԶϽߵڣ漸۽˽
˻Ϊûչ˺õ, Ҫ̵ηУͷ, Ƶǽǡ
ҲÿûŅ̀ۿȻڽҪˡ
ĮȻڱ۵Ļơ
ǴȥҥԣҲεġ
˽ǰͣ˿ӣԶļЩ˺󣬾ͺһӡ
϶ѬʪյġΪֱӳȥȾϷ纮, ԶȥԱߵĶ, Ъһߡ
ҽ⻻һɵ·Ҳϧ, ϵ·Ҫֱ˷ˡԶ٩
ճʱһ˿Ƶĳĵ˸ͦӢ
ԽǽϾԽסڡôһ, ·¾Զ˵, ٴˡ
ǵû, һ֮Ҳǻᴩ·ġ
Ȼ˵, ŴĻʵһǲᴩͬһ·ڶεġһ·ϴ, Ҫ󳼽ڳ޽ڼˡ
ĮǰɵĹ֪һϷˡ
ѵʱͽʿǱԼ
ֳҲֻĮܿ
̧һȻԶ촩һɵ£Ҳϵȵ֡
ڳһ޿κεӣЦ˵ܲõһǸɻɣǵ¹ⲻȥͱһѡ
Զһۡ
ǴĿԼһⲻȥģ
ֻһ·ˣ˵Ҳ㲻ʲôԶӦˡ
ǵýǰЩûĲһƥɫ֯ĻǺϲ˸ڿⷿˡ
ȥ·
в֪Զ룬͸⿴һۺ˵ٵȥ̫ҪɽˣҪ뱾һͬȥɣ
ԶϵҲɢĲˣ˵ͷԺӡ
ʱȥʱȴ׼
ԶɻʲôʱԸʱͿԶһҴҵӰ
߽ԶϳǴ̨ߵĻи³Ľ
ôˣŻŵġҲˣЩɻʵ
ǰ˹˲ͨһڵϱ㿪ڵ£ϣ챻˴ˣ
ʲôü
ʲô̿;Ȼ˵죬ͥҴɱ㡲졣
ԶһʱҲЩ𾪣ǽסʾԵ˰ѶԷȻؿڵҲҪţϸ˵˵ʲô
Զе򶨴ȾҲǿƽԶ˽ľ
ȥʼˣºһ̴ӱҡºõ˳ŵʱ򣬱תȥ¥Էûһ룬ֱаҵȻ첻㱻̿͵ļʸ˵ýʱϵ졣
̫УԶŪǰ
̨Ȼʱȥľ¥·ôڽֱߵĴ̿أ
ŤͷᣬȻڶԷҲͬɻ
ڻǹʱ򣬵֮ȷ̨İȫ
ɽ˴ˣԶʵ
Ѿȥˣ˵еȡʸʮ鷳пܵ˿񡣡¶ɫ
е鷳ġΪȡͷʱпܻʹƤ˿ٴȾ
˼ͷӦûдģҲǲеˡ
̨ںδԶʵ
ڸҽ
ҽݵӦǱȽбϵģϾԼոͥǿչ˿ڸȾ׵ԭ
аȡͷӦԡ
Զ룬Ҵǹȥɡ
˵ַ꣬Ըӣȥǽй
ǰʱԶ͹ȥľƾҽǸ˵ԻǾͿʼ˵ҽβ˼Ȥ
ҽεĻûһҲаʮҲ˲ٵʵپ顣
ټԶڵִҽѧ֪ʶĮóҽ˴ڵжĪ
ԶҽݺûóȻȥǰҪȥ̽˶档
ҽÿնѬҩݽЩϴŵϸҳӴ˿ڸȾĸʡ
¡
һǾͱһҩˡ
ԶԺ˵ߵʵƾֹѪҩɶˣ
ǵͷԶָָţʾȥҽλߡ
Ǵͽܽȥԭб㱻˳
ʵǸ̨ѰҽҲǶģϾǷḻټҩĸԶǸһЩ
վſڵļſǵıӰʵ£û°ɣ
Զ֪ǻ̫ǣתύһ
һ΢ɾķȵ˵ͷԶڵҸļҩԴ˿мõЧҲܽ˿ڷõĿܡ
˵ɴ˫ۣһŵı顣
ûǿڣһԵб̲סڵ˵ÿǰʱĮоƾҩ
ǡԶ˵ͷԷ֪Ǻ
صص˵ͷľ˵С֪ǰЩСһ˿Ѿ֢Ĳ˿׵ҩ⣬ûʲôõİ취˵һλҽУǸоƾҩȻ˿ھʹޱȣõ˿ȴǽˡûƾȻǵ·ģС
ƾȷʵǻһЩġһ㣬ԶҲûʲôõİ취ܲÿδ˿ǰû߷һҩɡ
Ǳ߻߶ʲǫ̂˵ЩҽηԶĶԻУȴףо˵˼
֣صлԶ㿪ʼ˽ĵȴ
ˣȻ˿ڸȾļҪ󡣡ͻȻһ磬Զʼ򣬵̾
ҪȽȣ
ԶתӣͿָָһ᷿
̫ɽ滹Ҫ䡣Է
Զİ˰ָָ֣ԼؿڣչȥСҽ촩ë¿㣬䡣
Ǿͺáһ£Ż˵ͷһ멣˱ȡϡ
֪ˡԶӦһ
ͻȻڴ̨һƺߣ˵Ķ
Զ֪ǿʼȡˡ
ڣǫ̂һҩþƾϸϸظԼ˫ֺ͵˶
̨мλ硣þƾϴһ˿ں󣬲ſʼµһһذѶϵļʸ˳
ͷȡһٴθ˿ҩøɾİײ˿ڰ
һײѾ˰ʱɫδƻ衣
߳ʱͷðźɼ˿ڴѶ֮
л˵
СͻȻͣˣ֪ʱܲ޺ã͸ϽõķˡʱĻٸһ£̫Ļ죬ǡ


86 
ļ, ˿ڶҪմˮ
ַԸ˼ע㱳ĴҩԶ뿪ˡ
Ϊ˿ٴα̨ʱƶ
⼸ƽҽݵտ, Ҫÿչҩ
ҲǴ˵ˮƽȷʵ߳ҲпǾƾá֮մ̨ˣ˿ҲֻЩ΢΢ĺ, ¡
ڴ̨˵ʱ, ԶҲ˼ʼ⡣
ǾǴ̨Ȼʱȥ¥ŵģǴ̿ôǰ֪ٲأ
ܵɵıеܿԶų˵ɡ
Ҳ˵ǴСļūţԵϸһ
̷, Ҫı̨ĻͶ಻ʤ
˸ûбҪ۵
ִڵĽҲûзʲô𣿡Զ֧Դͷᡣ
ûС
ҡҡͷ, ڵݵڸִڵĽ˵ǸϹȥʱЩ˾Ѿ׼ˣ׷ȥ򣬱㿴ǻ, ʧӰ
Զָö, ˼ſڣ˿Щ˵һҪ̨ˡ
Ϊô˵Щ档
㿴̨мλǼ, ˿ڲҼͷҲûд㶾
˿, ĳ־ˡ
ԶֱһĨӵĶ, , ǰһȺ̿׼ɱ, һȷĿ, Żǳ롣ҡ
ǲΪݱֲŴҴҳġԶĻ
Զһۣ¶һĨЦ⡣
Ҳ˵ǸϵʱȺ̿ͱѾ㳷ˡɴ˿ɼǲҪ̨
¹ϻۡḧ޵
Զһۣ˼Ŵ¡
˭Դ̨е⣬ȴֲҪأԶ˼
¿뷨ˣԶ棬һȲݹȥ
Զʶؽӹȥ˫Ųյһеͷһ˵ĿΪʲôأ
ͻȻԶʶֱӿᡣ
вˮĶȥһ㣬ԶҲ˲ᣬæʵ̨ȥã뵤ʼʲô
һ£üھȥʵʼ
̨ڻԣҲֻҵʼ˽ˡ
ֱӰйɣ˳㻹ʵʱʲôڳԶ˵
á˵ͷ
Ը˵ĿյԶϽͳӣѸղϵˮղɾȻװһʲôûӣ̧ͷ˴ᡣ
Ҳżˣô˷ԼΪ̫Ѳˮ˳أ
һʲôûвģԶ˵ܵĽס
ʵͽԶһһ
֮ǰ㷢֣ʼڻʱԶ䡢¼ţڵˡ
һǰԶܽظݵᣬô벻˻֮ٵԼЦһ޹ԴԼСĵֻ
֪ΪΣȥԶᾹ΢ʤСЦҡҡͷ˴󶹵¡
¿Ѷܣ
ԶǡšһЩ˵ֻǶ͵Ҫ鷳Щܹļ۸ֻľͲ佨һͷͰˣҪԷִƷΪ
˼ص˵ͷǰͨݡĵطֱӹ鵽Įʡȥ鷳ˡ
Զһᡣȷ˶ԷûںԼЦ˱ۡ
ʲôѰ˵Ļʲôſ
һھҪ˼ҽ֮һĹ
ۿѾ˼µĿˣԶϽȰ裺ĮΪһ㶹Ϳսݣ˵ҲҪʱ䡣³ǳ/㽨вǨǳĺʱ
³ǵ£ڳܣòһļӹҵҲûơ
Զ˵˼֣Ͻ·ģһ˵ˡ
ԶŽɵضᣬոıô˵˵ѡ
ʼҪˣ²Ҫʲô⣿ԶԼæת˻⡣
ҲáԶתͷȥ
᳤һ
ʵȷйĴ㣬ϾݡͨһŴƬĸպֲĮڵȱݡ
뵽ԶЩʱյĸỹǴͷ
̶һʱ䣬ĮѧԺֿ˸ʽǳءˮҲԶĹ滮𽥽ɡ
ǰͷ۲ѵʳκͲƥ⣬ҲԶˡ
ԶῴĮܿսҪһе׷ѡ
᲻ˣջǷ˿սͷ
ܾˮˮҲţԶĮٺǿʢĮһȻͬδ
ϣ£ʼˡϹ
ɡ˵ͷ
ǰݹԶ֮ǰʱֱˡ
ӦѡεĹκÿյĹ˴Եʡ
ԶЦЦʼй󣬱㿪ʵմ̨ѰΪ£
̵̨ϢʼȻѾ֪۾룬ѵʱĶԻ¸һ顣
˵̨ҪľͲٽһƷԶʵ
ѾƷľͲ䵹ǿ⣬ϾܺͱߵļҲ㡣ֻǴ̨ôͻȻأ
ʼ˵ͷ˵밢¶죬̨Ҫдߡ
¶ʱ̨ĸй֮һֱ㡲䲻̫˳̨ۡҵʼҲΪԶߵ͵
㡲䲻˳ۻô˼ҵĺþơ
ԶĬĬ²ۣȴ˿ԣڵû˵Ҫ˭£
ʼҡҡͷ̨첢δֻ˵ҪһƵĽľͲ³б㲻ҪôľƷˡ
Զдͳ
㡲ƵļվտԽ˵ĹȻҲϿǽһֽľͲ䣬ȻӰ쵽еľƷ⡣
㡲ļҾƷɲĹѿصġϾҪʳ죬ʱҲݳƷѰ˼ҸĿ
Զõʼ£Ȼ󿪿ڵѳŻ㡲һƷģ಻Ǵ̨ţ̨ҪǵȨҲ
Щ˴µľɲԴ̨ΥˣͼıĲйᡣ
л˵
˵õļӸ


87 
, ΪֻǾһأԶЩ⡣
ǻŷһء
Цһ˵ûǸڱƤӵı̨οʹ̨, ҲȨһ׽ͥģвʹ졣
ԶӦһ̾˿ֻû֤ݣҲ֪˭ﻮ, ºѶ
Щ˦˦, ԶְȻЩ̿ǴӽܵģȺӦǴ棬ǵ, ʾ͡
Ҳֻˡ˵ͷ
ѰͶڳŸʾԶȴûôӡдд̿Ϣֽ, һЩͭǮӶЩڽˣĺͯǷŸϵİա
Զ˾ٱǴӺЩҷɵĴеõС
ͬǣʱֽۻģÿӡƸʾһʿ֧Ҳ°ڿݹĸʾ󣬲ûоܾ, Ǻܻϲؽ˹
Ծڲ, ˵仰۵Ĵ̨ԶǺĵذá
˴̿, ӦҲ˵ߣȻҲ˿ص̨֪ļƻ
޿ײѰ, ûҲ
ܿһڽĽŷܵ, ˵Լһ̿͡
ϸ˵ĳ, ̨еϳ, ˾ǻ㡲Ĺ, ϵһ
Ҳ̫񣬾ȻֱԼĸϵдɱȻԶ治ôҵǡ
ʿϵʱ򣬰һһģֱ󣬲΢ʵһ㡣
еǼԴ̨Թߣһŭ֮²ִɱ£Ҳ֪飬ϲҪΪһ𷣳°ɣ
ᶼ⸱ΪǵģЦˣб˰һۣڵ綼ɱãһ㣬аǡ
ᵽһնµĸ磬һη
ͻȻʶǰ˲ǴǰĮǸɱϣŵᡣ
Ӱ߹䣬ǿװ򶨵ӣɱңҲݵġ
ԶԱߣһʱûסЦ
֮ǰҲص֧ߣұѹȥܱضΧϵ
ټֶ˷˽ε⣬Թ˲ϾˣĻпձ
øϻһӾýȥˡ
ͿܹܲõϢˡ
ð죬̨Ҳµ·ˡ˿ڻָô죬ȫԶ;ƾĸ
Ҳ֪Ĵ̨ôģе֪ľ󣬾ʱʱԶͶ
ضһϵȵĺ񶼱˳ȥ
Զ⼸һֱæŶƷ£ÿؼˣֻÿ˽ӴĽ졣
ƴǵĻ˵ˣҲ˿ûӰ̨顣
ż춼̨̲סԶ²۵£˵̨ôͻȻأ
£ԶʵҲ̫ס
ڴ֮ĹϵмóĻ⼸ͲȥƷзûˡ
Զűʵֶ˶٣ЩɵƲҲǶԾƾƷȤ
ƾǻܣΧرأȻǲܰѷߴ̨ġ
𣿡Щɵͷ
Զ˵ĻһֱäĿŵ̬ȣô˵ˣԴ̨Ʒֹ˼䡣
û뵽̨쾹Ȼˡ¾һȴôߣҪӵõƾķӡ
̨Ȼסᡣڵ֪ѾżͶԶЩü
Ǵûػ˻֣ҧڵȥߴ̨Ҫʵ¿ȥɽȥñ֪Щȡ
ǸϽͣԭأСһȻղصͷӦ£ת˴
һҵϣæѯʶԷ뿪ͥʱߵ׷ʲô¡
ϵĽһԻ૵̨Ƿ˵㣬͵Ϊϻ᲻ã
ľҡҡͷҲ֪
һѾҶӵϸһһֱԵµ̬ȣͻȻ뵽ʲô
һϣ֪¶Դʲô̬𣿡
룬ɵؿڵ¡ºĴ̨Ҫƾķӣջعһ
̨϶û˼һ㣬ڳʮȷġȻᵱҲ֮λ
ֻǵҪʾмȴЩԶᡣ
ζϵļȻɻĿ£ųصĲ߳
ڻȥ̨Ǹϵľȥ
һ棬̨ϲظǽڵʱԶΪԴ֮Уһ˶Щܲס
ǴӴ̨ϳһ޿ؿķ
ˣ̨ԵǳݣȴΪͼıףȻΪ̨Ե˼ĽѾʼԴˡ
˵˼ֻͬǿ͸һУȴûߵĵط
ڻҪġʵϣθͥΪڡ
ĮûʲôҪž۵ϰסǿھӦһȺ൱ĶԡˤӣһȺΧһȾƵʱ
䱾Ͳ֣ͥټϽ껹ಿ³ǣֻͥʢ
ϲֵȻϴر˹
εǣԶ̬ȾԵ䵭ࡣ
ڣҪΪڵҪ˳ȾƣĶûʲôϵ
ȥźûɪɪԶľ˲ֹһ㡣
֢֮ѾѾһӰӡԶΧǰЦ뼸콻̸
ĵûнɽԣǲ֪ȥֱƻʱ֣Żפĵط
ᶼЩη壬ᳯ߹˾ܾһ㣬ݵشԶǣԼĵ̡
ῴȥıӰЦһ䣬Զԡ
ϵ˿ǰԶһơ
̹ȻؽԶĵ٩ͷѾһ
̨ģῴһ۱ףǴ󷽡
Զûע⵽ĳζ˵ͷ˵ǻ㡲õľƣҳ˳ζȷʵ
ɫӪҲȼҹɫ˼ů֡
㷹ظ
ȥԶԱߵĳǺˣƷĮ󺺲ͬ˶ʮ
ԶĸԭҰԶ۾ţʶָŽġ
ѩˣ
ͻȻ˺һԶͷȻ˷׷ѩ
ֽ̧סƬѩĴ΢΢⡣
ѩڻ֪ΪΣԶͻȻĸо
ͻĽѩû赲˵顣ţһܵ
Զӹһ鿾⣬׼ݽʵʲô
˳Ŀ⿴ȥԶϵݸ͵ǽʱһСӸҵġһתˣҲ֪ʲô˼ôãһˡ
Ǻ˾ƵԵʣ۾ѻԶ˵ֻԭҸ֮͸֮˵ġ
ԶŶһûκηӦ
ῴԶãſڵôˣ¿ϲǸСӣ
ԶҡҡͷĹеĻ
еɫ롣
ǲŷӦںԼ˵һԶ˶٣ֻ룬Ϊʲôԭ϶컹л
⻰սɿ̲סЦһԶ
ֻɽУҪȥ𣿡
Ŷá
ԶվﻹţɫҲڶ쿪ڻܳҲˡ
뿪ӪأɽҹܾѩҲ֪ʲôʱͣˣֻյİ£ˮĹԡ
ҹɫʱܿʲôأɫֱ治塣
ûп⣬ԶҲûʣ˾һƬʯ̲ǰͣ
Զ˲ٵľƣѾЩ⣬˼·ҲԾر
ĬǰվԶ
õԶע⵽ˡָָ̧ϵǣǣ
·ʱĻԶ˵ȴһ̾ʹǰһϵԶϡ
ָԶĺ󾱣΢΢⡣
Զ££϶һ멣ͻȻڵϣǲң
ԭأԶϵͣò˻ȥβסĻҡ
ǡѾ֪𣿡ҹɫһԶ
Զûлشʵ¿ˣ
ԶתᣬƾԴתٶȱѰ࣬һ˼һñѰٿڵҲֻЩ
šԶ˵ˡɻ󡹶֡
ҲֻЩɻˡ
Դٶۣǽ̨ЦԼ˵в£Զ뵽̨˸ڱм羴
ʶȻڡ项㺡
ƾĶۣڵ֪ԼԶеɻԶڡϲ±
ǿһδ֪ġԼδʶغ桢⣬Ҫս
Цһ˼Ұ²𣿿ɵˣ˲ϲɣ
Զ˶٣ЩյüҲ˼˵ôˣΪʲôϲǡң
ûԭ򣬵£Ҳǡá
ϲһǺܲģ֪ʱͷ¾Ѿҵˡ
Զ˿ϵѩЩˡ
л˵
ٺٺ١


88 
˵Լ, ԶҲûз˳ص˵ͷǱȥɡ
Զ֮, ˿а⡣
ỹǵԶˤûǰһסĬĬΪԶǣ
ȻǰûйĮļ, ȻڿҲΪϲԼ, Įǣ˵£ԶﻹЩⲻȥ
ŤͷסᣬָָµҪһ, ƥ㹻˹ˡ
ҹɫУԶһЦ, Ȼ붼ûȣԽԼ
Ĵڸ̫ǿԶܸоԴԴϵ⴫
֣·ֻбһ㣬ΨһһʵҲԼ, ϾȻůġ
ѵǳϰ˵
Զû˿ô, ΪԼ᲻ӦûҪ˼Щеû, ĿȻҲû̫ų⡣
ӹ, ֹΪԶƵ˲, ˫˫ĲҰ֡
ĳһָйʧʱ, һָйٶĸ֪ͻᶸȻ
⻰˵òûеԶ롣
ںҹ, ӹʱ, ˫ֲĴ͸
ָоµ㱼ʱﵽ۷塣
ԶоԼ˶ĻϢύֳ֯һ˵ʡ
ԶʼЩˡ
ʲôͻȻڵ
ûʲôԶϿʱʦץѧһЩŵ򴽡
ЩҵЩԣûпһ
ܹԶĴԶѾ˼ˣڲδҲ̫ˡ
ԶҲĻĵûв𴩣˳Ļ˵ȥŰйڻʵʧµĴϣϱѾ½½İˡ
Զ֪ܻûенľĵزЩɵҲƷҵͳΡ
ֻǿЩգͶ·˭Ըⱳ磬췴أ
صӪʱѾҹҲɢȥ
Զ˻ȥ˵һ䡸Ϣ󣬱תԼӪʡ
Զʱûվȣַһѡ
ָϸܵĲµỊ̇ڴҲһ㱡룬ҪֲࡣҲһսˣӵһ˫ϸ֡
ԶΨһȵǣƬ̵ĽӴȻôķ֡
ǰûʾĽˣŮġеĶС
侲ֱ׵ؾܾ˶Էûĸоƫƫ֪ԼǷʱȴʲô
ҪȥյøЩܽԼĿø
ҹͥһѩ֪ΪƣΪ֪⣬Զһ˯ò̤ʵ
гǰġΪӺ顣
ֱѣԶãƽ
һҹ飬һʱЩɡ
ԼҹӦίؾܾᣬ˵ҪûԼ֪Ĵ㡣
ȻҹһһвûҪ˼԰ԼĶԶܹЩΡ
ˣ֪ôԶվ˴ǰһװᣬһʱЩѡ
Զ޴룬̬ȾҪȻ࣬ЦָָԼʵλãڵЩ࣬ҪҪȥһ㣿
Զ˵ԼѾнȥ׼ˣ˵θҹȶ˾ƣӦóԵ嵭Ĳʽ
һᵽ£ԶӾе崻죬˰λӦȥˡ
ùţһ˺ƺƵػͥ
ȥ꣬ԶþҪв١
ÿ˱¯ѩѾȹڵĴ⣬Ϊ¾̨ܴУΪľͲľƷһͼ
ʵ㡲ԭľƷѾܲˣԶڳﱸƾʱȥι۹һΡǳ軹Ƶ̣ʱ󲿷ֵҪɾ
ȻǺͲοִҵ԰Ŀռ䲼ֶηëȣǻвٲġ
̨ҲǼηֹȷȻĵطҪԶæƵ뷨
һԶ鷿ͷֽϹ֪Ϊ˴̨ƾƷıʱƲƲһƷˣҲֵõġ
Զụ̧̧̂°ʾԱȥһ߼ݣһڵҲ¿Űˡ
ĹвģԶ¿Լ᲻Ӧ
Ҳ֪Զһ㣬û˵ʲôҡҡͷһ¡
ȥԶκеξƳƷʼõʳκηξѸٱĮءڣʹƫԶĲҲͥʳΡ
ˣ˷˽Щ˰ǵηܵͷ
˵Ǽͨе
µĴ󳼲֪ҪҪֹ˹ѯҵ
˿ûаԼˣһ˵һߴϷһ޲ҶԼһ衣
Զעһݣ̧ͷһᣬڵֹʲôһſʳǣء
˻ʵ
Զͼֽһԣīڵ֪ǼÿҪǿ˽εġʳε൱һĲѿסˣΪҪֹ
ҲƶԷԭ
ЦſڣҿûѡΪУȻǡ
ԶΪؿһۣʵһͥҪࡣ
Զòյֶһ£ĵֲûҪҪֹǷ˽أԭԼ⡣
ҲϾεɲСܶ˵ľӡ
Ͼڻûȫ˺ͥ⻹ǲ̫á
Զ룬ǮҪǼ˽εĲ޶
ڵЩ˽εĲȡһֹ·ѡ
ʲôǡ·ѣѵЩãȻ
Զ̧ͷ͵ó׵Ǽ̵ùؿ̶ȡáǹ·ѡ
շѵɣԶҲˡ˵̵гңҪɱ̿ͣҪȡá
Ѱ̶ӿ϶ǲȡõģϾǱѾˣҲΪһ˽ĻﶼϢϢء
һӦרⶨһ³̳ǡЩѸɵ̶ӣյ룬ֲȡ·ѣӦʵв
ԶԽԽô´пΪϸ˵Լļƻ
ļƻҲֻһΣЩҪȡ·ѡЩҪЩҪϸá˼·ȴδŵġ
ԴЩ˽εĲлܹЩ԰Ļķ
ЩȵؿԶ·ѵʵ
ȵ·ϵĻѩڻԶҲϸʵȥ
ܿ죬ЩʳΣ׼ȿܴ֮׬һʵĲɵˡ
ôһʵĹ·ѽȥǻ׬ʲôǮأ
˵·ǾҪˡȥ·ѣԭ˽εıʣ޼Ҳ͸ձѰƷһЩѡ
˵ԶΪζǷʳεӹԭǡ
ֻϧǵϲΪԼռ˴ˣ˼ǧڲ͵ܣ׬һǮ
е̵⣬ͨȥܣҪɽ룬˵׬ǮˣСס
ˣʹвҲֻڹؿеһʹ·ѡ
ۿҪůëӵҲ
ȥǰĮһ̶ӣɹڶ쵽ǰ˻ᾩ˻ëƥ׬һʡˣǻԵļ˹ĮͥϢ
л˵


89 
ĮķչȻ˵ļɵ, һԶϵˡ
ǲɱģҲֻĮϷչǿ
̶ӵɾǻصᾩ, ͰĮļԼҳϸһ顣
еĲ˶Ѿڻºʮ꣬ˣǵ󣬶ȵðþ˵
ʲôӡˮǽԯ, Ǹδš
뵽ܴܻӭƷ, һʱ䶼ɵЩǡ
ķչٶȣĮǺܿʢܿĵزˡ
ĮôչȥˡԼҵļһźľϣЩǵѺӡ
, վԸԱߵū͵Ҹ, Ҫ¡
ĮȻֻԼһڹע
̶вȥ̽Ϣˣᾩһ
˵ڻᾩӪľãҲҵĶΪ٣ҪΧϷһ˸ǰܴ󲿷ֵĲƥ⡣
, ȥëϺճ, Ӱıˡ
ǳɶѵĲƥڲֿЩòȥĲ, һǽ۳ġ
ҵһĲƥⲢûж̫Ӱ, ȴǺԶˡ
ټεҼǸûʲôġ⼸ڼŲ, ûԸԶķӡ
˼ȥ, ǾڽĮĻǺʡ
˺µټ߽µʱЩɡϾµ۽޵, ÿյ糯ʱ䶼ĳ˼, ӣ뿴Ӱ
һţͿһϤӰǰʱë϶ԱҼ͡
繧˸͵벻Ҳڡ
ͻûüڣĺµ۱˵֮ǰ̶ܵȥĮľ˵Įǰв֪ͬ԰Ŵ£
ĵ˵ңᾩǣʲôˡ
һʱҲµ۵뷨ػһ䡸жš
ôжأԴˣ˵Ƕ̷вԼҶءЩ̱
ۿܲȥֻʵʵ˵ΪüСȥһȷʵǸ̶ȥĮһˡ
µ۲̲ӦһϿʲô
粻֪Լ֮ǰ˵ЩʲôֻӲͷƤ˵Įƺ˺ܴı仯С˵Į˺񻹷һСˮࡹĲϣصİϰɳӽĳǽ˵ʮּ̣ˮ֡
Ϊǰʱڻᾩ÷зĹԶĴţ͢ԶֻĪ
ǺᵽԶŭ˺µۣʮίˡǡ档
𣿡
µ¶ݣʶشر£ĳҲ֪ˡ
ڸոգ˵Įѳܵĸ󻼣޲òµۿڵ
Щȵ͵͵һ͡һͬ볯Ϊ٣¶֪꣬˱ԡ
û뵽ȻһҲ֮ĵ
ȹ龪ȣʵ۵ʻҪشġش˴ԼǣϳҲΪǲĮ˷չȥ
֮Ӧأµʵ
ϲԣĵȴѾѴǽˡ룺ʲô⣬ڽʱѾ˵ˣõȵڣ
Դ˲Ϊٶ꣬һ֣ɽ󶪻ͬ
ˡ޶ۣһʱ벻ʲô˳Į̿Ҳʲô߼
°ĿתԼϣƳһ磬վصܵشﲩĲЩͼҲͰˣǲɻȱ֮Įȴ벻ܵʳҶʳΡ֮ĮʱֹսЩĮûʳǻ᲻
͵ӵĶһ㣬ǽҺһ㣬ݿ̱綼̲סӡ
һһʱӦ֮ǰѾ˼ȫ˵ǡ
ҲȫΪ롣²⣬Ϊȥ궬죬ĮëӰ͵⣬ڽбˡ
üû˹ʳĮҪ½ӡ
Ļ˵ί񣬵ȴǣһѵĮưո²ǰǣ˸âʱˡ
֮ĹϵǶѹ磬ǿʢʱвĮʽ΢ֱӺĮսкβͬ
˵˼ǣѵǱҪ׳󣿡Ϳ硣
׼µۿڵ¸ϵش󣬻Ǹ顣
µټˣĮһ⣬ҪһطӼ飬˵ǵңʵ۳ƽѡ
뿪µʱвȻµûͬ͵飬رԸʵ̫˽ˡ
Į֮£ưոݣƫƫ¾Ȼͬ˵½ĮĻһ¡
ᾩһУԶĮԶһ֪
µټԡûãյԺµ۽̸߹š
߹ûᵽ̫ںµ۶Į̬ȣص˵ͶԶĵ⡣
Щ֮ĶСܲͽȥģ³ʱͬ˵ġһҪԶùһ
ɵشĮɼѾҳʲôˡ
Զһ룬һ߲˸߹ż
ֻ˵һҳסˡ
߹ܲеǣԶ׵úܡ
Ҫȥ궬Ĳƥ֮пܵıڻ϶ֽšһθеĹˣ͸֤ʵµʵԡ
ԶüṬ
һᣬԶû˵㽫еż˹ȥ
һĿеؿ꣬ü¾ܻӺδ֣
ҶԶ˼
ʳ̫ؼµ۲һǸӸֱӶʳ֣ҶͲһˡ
һʳҪҲĮɻȱıƷ
ΪҶвٿԶֽŵĵط罫ԭĮ׵ĲҶɳ²ʲҶֱûһѶȡ
ĬԶڵ淢ڲҶֽţֻܱпսˡ
ῴԶ˵ͷ
һʱ䣬˵鶼Щء
򲻵ѣԶ̵һ
ΪִܹһƽĻСҪǣʱۼսĲпͶ԰յ˺
ֱ˯ʱԶ¡
ӦڽĺΣҲ˵µҪԻ֣Įܵĺƽֻάֵ졣
Զȥ˯ţ·޵
һհǸ󣬾˵Խͥľɫ۵ס
ԶͻȻ˵Ļ㳯հǸλȥˡ
հǸʱŷֹ۾̨ϾȻѾһˡ
ʯԵתͷһĨЦҲ羰𣿡
Զûᣬһ²ߣͷЩе˯ˡ
ĬûʣתͷԶȥ
ãžҹɫвżƵ
ܿսʱҲͻȻԭĮѾôûսˡ
ͷЦһһ뵽̣ЩӦ
ԶĬؿԷ֪᲻ӦĲо̣ѾƽͻȻơ
˭̣ʵޱȲпᡣ
Զ̧ۿԶָʵɽʵԶɽ
˳Զָķ򿴹ȥѩɽȥ궬ȥġ
ԶŶһ
ˣǻ·ֻĹ磬ʹǶ죬ﶼһƬ֦Ҷļ紺
ȵȣļ紺
Զһ˲˼תͷᣬβסļ
Ǵɽȣ
л˵


90 
ῴǰ, ҹɫУ۾ģ·ܽ˵Ļ궼ȥһ㡣
, 뵽ʲô𣿡
Զɫƽһֲ
ոϸһԼڼǴɽʱ龰
ʱɽ֮һͰһЩɽͷɽɽ֮䱻ïܵĴָţɽµΡ
ߴֲӦǱȽʪļ
ϰԶ˽, ϲϲʪºԡϲ¼ЩɽеӦ㡣
һμǴɽʱ, Ҳʮ档
ããѩԭͱ֮УȻһƬĵطº, Ϻ޿
ʱֻþ, ֱֲĲ֮ѡ
ΨһԶ̫ȷıﺣƫߡǰ׹賡ζӽǧˣҲʲô⡣
ԽԽÿУȴһ⣺Ǵطɽˮ, Ҫ, ʮѡ
Զһʮɻʵܿһ·𣿡
Զɻֱ̫׳, ᶼһ£ʼԼΪʲôһɽ·ˡ
ܿ, ͷӦǲŬ, ɽ, ·Ѷʵ̫
еԶ˵֮, ˱˳˼֮С
, Զ̧ͷ˵һ룬Ӧа취ġ
˵꣬ԶǣԼĵС
ʵԶ˵Ǿ䡸ɽ¶վʱбӦ֮
ںɽ·˵ֱһټ򵥲顣
֮ѣ޷Ϊˮƽ̫
һ£ԭʼ¡һĹ߿ɽʯЧܺиͻеȣؼǣǻлҩ
Զո˵İ취Ǻߣһ̨ھ̫ѣҩԶ˵ɲѡ
ĺڻҩءǡľ̿һϾȵġ
ڶѰǵҽеҩС
Զȴѿڶ˲סˡ
ͻȻ𣬻ҩ˿ɽ·֮⣬Ҫ;սǹˡ
ҹԶһû˯һֱ˼ѻҩóǱס
ֱճ͸ڴʱԶҲû⡣
ʵҩûжԴģȿɽ·Ҳǹڣ̻ȫôѡİˡ
Զ߽죬ȥѰԭϳ
ڴǰ𽥴ĵõĻҩлҩ仹ȲһأҲûҪ籯۵ΪҩľһѪʹ
ΪԶҹ뿪հǸʱЩɫһ
ˣԶһĨЦ⣬ֵϿɷѰһϡٵĵطɱפڸֹ˿
ûʲôԥӦĮһɽ˺ĵطͦѣ˼Ĳë֮ؿҪж١
ֻѰôһطҪ;ЩɻؿԶ
ԶıͿе뷨üϴ֪ˡ
׼ϺѰҿյصĿյԶʼ˼ҩȡ
ڻҩȴԼ75%̿15%10%ҲǹŴġһľ̿
ƳɵĻҩǹееģɽƣҪٽе
ԶǵԼ֪￴ǵıƳĻҩͻʺϿ
ҪӶ٣Ҫʵ֪
µЧܸߣһԶҪĲϡ
ǴһƬԭ滹ΧһȦ׾ȷκβɵ˴
Զűȵļʿ֣µ˵ɱвܻᶪмҪ˵ȥǧ򲻿ɴ⡣
ڳ޲սʿ⻰е⣬˭ûбֳηȴ˼
ʯľ̿һԭϣԶȽĥɷĩ
ʱʯлвʣԶҲᴿˡ
ᴿȣȵҩٲ԰ʱǻƻ˶Ҫˡ
еԭгɷĩԶǰպʵĺڻҩѵȣһСûһĻҩ
Ҳ֪ƳĻҩжǵһ̫࣬ȵȼ²˶Ҫ
õĻҩòװãСͨһģ֬ߡ
ûҩŵذһʯУѸٵȼߣȻ˵ķ񱼻
ûһԶʯб㴫һ졣
ȵըĳ̳ɢȥԶһҡҡͷȻȿɽС˵㣬Ӧʺƽ衣
Զ侲ͬ˽һɫ׵ģҲûסһ
ɽʯܱȺըأ
һʱ䣬˵ļе㷢
ڳ˽һĿ͵ģԶҡҡͷԼֱۣǰȥɵǡ
ҪװŻҩĲȥɽʯ£͸æסɫ²Զ֣
Զⶫ߾ǲᱬըģ̧ȴɫǵǡ
ʱǱĿ̵һ㣬ʶصͷܣĬؽһԵʿ
ǱĻҩȻȸղŴ˼Զŵɢʯͳص˵ͷ
ոõĻҩǿɶסˣԶʼûҩǼˡ
˻ص˵ͷԻûӸոյıըл
ԭлҩ롣
ǵ˵İ취𣿡ѾָƽתԶ
Զ˵ͷըҩɽ·ܴٲ԰ٶȡһӦܸǰͽ¡
лҩŤͷһ۱ըķѵɽʯǸпؿڵȻ˾޴󡣡
ԶЩĲɵӦһȫע˵һαըʱʶԼĶһԵġζصĶ
ղǸǵ񣬶ԶЩҡ
ǵԼһ仰ᱩ¶ӵĶ
ڱը˲䣬ʶķӦεġҲԶòݸ顣
ƣͱ˶֮ǲ㴰ֽԶЩ֪롣
ֵ̫֮ȻˣʹǰԼദʱȫȻް죬ӱƵĺ⡣
סʱֱϵļ𡣼ʹ˺ʵԶظܵϵ¶ȡ
ЩңʶؿԶڵĻҩܸ󡣡
ûĻӦԶЩеʵ𣿡
ѵᷢԼ쳣ˣ
ԶͷһҪ˵ʲôʱߴЦŵµġ
ԼŻҩԸ֮ԶΪĻңԵˡ
ĵȼǾɶͨˮо᣻ᣬˮƳŨƳ
޻Ƴ̻ҩ;TNT
ټȥܰŵߵ·ظһˡ
Զ֪ЩʲôãֻЩûеĻѧӦʱзҵ˼
л˵
е㳤ǹһЩݵĽ͡
ǡһľ̿Ҫֲͬ˵һ˵ʱǲûտԴﵽըЧĻҩȡΪԣ䷽ص̫ˡ
һ˵ġһָһľ̿ĵλŴһ1616:2:3ͷǳӽ75%10%15%ˡвյľǵڶ˵
ڶǹڻҩľ֪ʶemmmmmm͡ҵĺ٣ڿʱǣ˵ҵǾԭҲ˺þöû鵽ʵԴɡ
гʲô󣬻Ҽ£Ҳӭ֪ıҡ
󣬡ᱩ¶ӵĶ仰Ӣ硶̽ˡҲǳϲ
ԼлӪҺСʹ45ƿ߸Ү 3ƿǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


91 
˻ҩ, Զ֯һʩӣɽ·Ĺ̡
ΪҩΣԣԼ䷽ҪܵԵ, ûҩըɽ㽻˾еʿ
ʯ·ĹԶӸӶȴֱ˴ӿɽһū
ڿɽɽڿ·֮Ų֮Щ˸ȻǸо顣
Զ, ˵Ҳмֵ, Ӧˡ
ѩɽ˵֮ͥ벢ԶһһҲҪüյʱ䡣ԶΪ˷㣬ֱסɽｫʿǰӪ
ɽһ׵, Ӻδƣѡ·߶ҪؿǡҲҿԶǰⷽҲ㾭ḻ, Ȼ治óȻ·뷨
պʱ齨Ĺ̶ӱɽ׼ˡ
ԶѾֳָӵĴ㣬ǰȴ
ĸһ࣬˵ʲôһ߿šԶΣֻѡһ뱬Ƶɽͷ, 温ʩ
·ҪȰѶƽ, ٴ¿ٳһһƽ̨
ڴǰһҪķµʱ䡣ȴΪ˻ҩĴ, ֻ˶̶ձ˽ƽĹ̡
ʼʿǱƵļջЩ, ÿεҲղá
ٵ»ҩ, ֱɽըһӡ
ʧ˺üκ, ǲ𽥰סҩ
һը, ̳ɢȥ, һͨɽȵĵ·Ҳ
ԶվڸߴʩӷɿĽȣܾ˵ʲô̫Ӧ
˺üգԶŷӦȻڿɽֲľ
ɽ·Ҫԭڴ˴ֲȫɾȻӰʩЧʣкܴİȫ
ˣԶ滮·ΧֻмϡϡĿݲݣЩ
֮ǰҲǽˮɽ᳹׵ˣھȻһƬͺͺؾôš
ԶĬĬؽһҼ֣Ȼ˰Ѹ·Ĺ½
Ǹʮ꺺ӣΪڿɽɹһͭɫƤ¶һڰ˵ʱԵøע⡣
СΪ£һ
ԶָָɽµĻĵأڵܲܵ·¶϶ľ
Щɻ˳Զָĵطȥɵػش⵹ǿԣֻǵҪ
Զû˵ΪԼϰʹȻֻһɵֲľԷֹˮɽʯƻ·˵ˡ
⵹ԶΣɽ޽·ϣȷʵҪעɽϹľʯ꼾ɽ廬¡
ñ·ֹʯɢ䡣ʱûֻЩľ𵽹µˡ
һѧ˵ı飬Զ뿪˹׳ɻ硣
ɽ·ĹɵؽţԶ㻹Ҫʱ䣬˰ѶΤ˹
¿ҪȥֻܹΤһԶ㿪ʵ
ǰԶţҶһº󣬶Τӱ޵ظ˻
ԶҪ硣
Τ˶٣ɵǲ磬Ҫ鷳һЩ
֪Զ˵ͷ
ѡֻʱҲһ
ӷ㣬ȴûôʱ翪ʼˡѶȻ󣬳ɱҲ˲٣ȴʡʱ䡣
ԶѶΤҲن£ͷһȥǰܣ콫´
ȵȡԶڽסΤڵҪͬĲֲĲ磬ԽԽãһ˲̫ʱ
ͬΤʶʵ
ԡԶ˵ͷʪ¶ƫ͵ɽֲĲ硣
ΤһɻԶ͵ѩɽɽȵԽԽ׳ɻ
ֲʱΪ֮ͬ죬³ɻʴ󽵵͡οǲ־ֲҪСĶԴ
ԶҪͬƷֵĲԽԽãҲǳԭҪȽֺѡһʺĮص֣ٽдƹ㡣
ΤŻȻ򣬲ɵظпܵ
ԶЦЦ˵ȵܺ㲻вȥϵ֮ǰﷷëϵ̼֣ܰ˵Ĳ磬ëϱȹڼ۸Ҳٽһɡ
⡭ǲ̫ˣΤЩԥ
Ҫ֪ǵëܻܿӭúܣ˵ǽһɵļ۸ˣԭļ۸ӼһɣſڶѰˡ
ࡣԶ˰ֲ֣þ졣
ëٽɵļ۸Ƕе׬ֲȴȲ˶ˡ
ۿŴҪˣϵ·ݣٽֲĳɻʱ󽵵͡
ˣԶʹһɵҲҪòϽ˵Į
СˡΤһӦ£뿪ڵȴŸҸ磬ܣȰϢųȥһܸЩ
áԶ˵ͷ
ΤߺԶվϿʩ
ΪЩԶټϻҩըʱܻдʯŽܿЩ
ԶЩεƲƲ죬Щ̫վԱ߼ģһʲô⣬Ҳܵһʱָӽʿȡ
ʩذ֮ڵĵطܿ
Զ⣬ԼҲޱİ취ܿˡԶվ£һĬĬ̾
üһԶԭ񡭡Ǻ鷳
ֻʱ첣Ǹ鷳£ԶԲҪָߡ
Ҫƽ⻬ҪڲûݡԶһп⣬ڵˮƽϷ
˲ֲûбİ취
ԶתԶĽһ֣ʮؿڵҰѿˮҳɫԽǳԽ͸Խá
һ£ĵʺ覴õˮ۲ֿҲûа
ˮˮԽǾӨ͸Խϡ۸ʮְ󣬵Զ˵ȴʲôĶҲûС
ˣʮֵȥˣԶҪ滹á
ԶϣԼݳĬĬǴ˼ӣ˼ֲһˡ
Զ˵Ҳ򵥣˵Ҳӡ
򵥵Ĳһ͹澵һ鰼澵ϣӵĻԶԶȣǰ߼ֱһˮƽϡ
ԶҲûй۲ǿգ̽ص
л˵
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92 
ǿĹ, ֹʲô⣬ͨԶҲ
Զ룬Ǿ򵥵٤Զԭ, ֻõ͸ΪĿﾵһͨĵͲԶͺá
Ͼ߼ԶԼҪ߲˵ѰҲһõϡ
٤Զԭʵܼ򵥣˹ߵԭ, ȽԶﾭﾵ, ȻĿ󷽳γɵʵپĿķŴۿıγɵǸŴ˵
ؿɵ񣬾ҪﾵĿĽࡣ
ںʲô, ʲôûеʱȻŲСѶȡ
ҲԶҪЩˮµԭ, ƽҪٳԣһԶ
ԶһǰùԶճԶķŴߵʮ֮㹻ˡ
Ǳ̫ߣȻԭ˵, ȷʵܿԶĵط
Ӧ, ﾵֱҲҪ֮󣬲ȻĻͺģġ
ﾵھ̫, ͲֳʹãԶһ֧, ̶֧ܹʹá
ԶһԼ֧ɽܵǸ, ʱ뷨
߱Զڿ幫֮ľʱ, ڿ״һڹ۲ɽµıֳ˵, Ѿ㹻ˡ
ҪǿǵԶ֮󻹿ڱĳϷô, ԶҪһıԶպãڴĥƬʱܸʡЩ
ֱͼֽʱԶͻȻ֣ڸûýԶһԲͲļ
ƴϵһԲͲڵļҪϹҲҪЩ
ԶƬ̣ǷԼҪ־ɵÿװƷĻͭԶĴ㣬˴ľм
ľͷӵԶҪЩԶҰο
ȵԶͼֽĵգŴˮӪʡ
ȫʹԶûзԸǴ˼վտʦ
ټľĹҲһ˹ʣȴԳ˼ֱơ
Զͼֱֽݸʵܿ𣿡
ľУһ곤Զ⣬ʣµ˶ڹѧУҵѧ
ѧУ˲һ꣬ѧѾ˳ͨѧУĿ飬
ÿµĹǮ㹻øԣˣỹЩ˽
ΪԺʱרѧϰͼ֪ʶڿԶݹͼֽʱҲİرӦ
¶ɫķǼҪˮĥ׹ʦ
ԶǼʹѼˮʧҲûйϵ󣬼һ
ǶԼļղţҪǰˮӨͨ͸һѵõƷ
ټͼֽϻǴûʽһʱ㺦»ôõӱԶ𷣡
仰֤ǱҷĴ󵨵ȥˡ
ڵͲԶԼҪȷʵߣʼҰȽģʧƷ⣬ǺܿһԶҪԶ
ԲͲļľ׭һȦƣͿһľֹľͷմˮΡ
ԶԶĹͺͺľͲ򱶵Զص˵ͷѩɽɽȡ
Զ⼸죬Ҳͣ·
ԶһͼֽǾȻѾ̳һ·
һڳĻĵأҲڹµָ£һŵ硣
ȼʹںҲϼˡԶɵؿڻϻŸֹߵū
ûлů컹·һµĹͷȴѾð
ԶһæµȺŤͷ˽һ
ᣬȥԹ·ԸʱǹķʳһЩЩ⡣̽ٸÿ˶һǮ˵ǵ͵ġ
¸æӦ£̧ͷһԶ¶վŵˣԸ̾ư
Զ͹֮ľЩԶʹԶܿµ촽źϺϣȴ˵ʲô
Щū󣬻Ҫصɽ󣬸ǵǮҲòϡ
Ҳ޵ģ󲿷˸ɼٻָʱԶõǮܶٸЩ
ҲԶΪܸЩˡ
ԶԶ㿪ʼ۲ɽеΡ
ȻïֵڵȻܿɽеǴˮֵɫ⿴ű֪ʮַ֡
ľҲʮָߴûʮʱԴﲻĸ߶ȡ
ԶҲ֪ɽеڻҪԡǽЩɭֿҲ𴦣رѸƶ񤡣
ңƬɽ˵ҲмʮĶ
ȫ˲ҶһǿԹܵùһĶ㣬ȵɲʱǰͥԼȫն͹Ҳ
ȽϴĲ賡ҲǼǧĶһƬɽ¾㹻æµˣûҪΪֲ轫ԭ̬ƻ
ɽʲôԶҲ
ʱûкô࿱̽ĹߣʲôصֺʹԶҲء
ȵ·޺úԶͣ˿ʼٲ԰
ĮϽĲׯѾ˲ٲ\㣬ǵøϽȥС
ڿٲ԰ʱҪصĵκкģһӦý֤ʺϲ
ۿűĲԽԽ࣬𿪱ٲׯĲҲԽԽ
ÿ첻ǰĵأæ˼ˮݡ
ʱҪ΢ԪءһںĲ԰Уᾭɷֵļݽʺϵķϡ
ںûԶҲֻηһ衣
Ҷ΢˶꣬ǼʵҲȱҪĵĸ֣Զ΢
һ磬Զм԰ٵĽȺ󣬾ͳųɽȡ
ΪʲôҪΪɽ·;᫣ڸ԰һԶĹͷҪɢˡ
⼸ʵԶһԵϣϢ
֮뿪ɽȣΪһ̿˲
ڲ԰æµЩ󲿷ǵһμˣͻҪԶԳ棬Ĳ˳ǩƥĺԼ
ɽͣʮİ峵˻ûϳļ˱Ѱ˸紦һûһ
˵²Įֲɣһ˿ԶƵɽȣ̲ס첲˶Աߵͬ飬ʵ
˵á
Աߵ˳ⱼϢ˽ҲһЩ˵ĮҪչϢˣ̶һصĲ԰ܣǰýġ
ҼǵϾһģ˲һڲ֪ĵķʵ
Ϊ͸ֲͬ˴򽻵һڹٻҲ߰ĿЩϲС
ɲǡǰЩϼֻ֣ܺͬ˳
ո˵˲ͬһڴϹٻ˵ճɶãܳ˻ڷԵ˲
Ѱ˸̾һ䣬⼸Ǳղ˶࣬ӦҲܶ׬Ǯ
ϡ˵ͷ
Ա˼ĵ֣չǾĮֻ𣿡
˵ʼ˵ƲƲ죬һô꣬ûĮܲ衣
˸Ҫ˵վǰ̶ӹ±ǺǼϽǰˡ
ȵͣǰƿ²֪ӻľȻ±ˡ
Щִٵ°ĨĨ֣첽ǰԶ˸
Զһ߰ʾһŲİ峵ȥ
ոջΧһĵĽŷϽÿ·ԶϸϸؽÿϵĲһ顣
ΪȽϽԵʣ󲿷ֲ͵ģŰȻ
ټϲҲûΪ˽ʡϵŪɾһɻĸҲʹࡣ
Զ¶Ц⣬ʮϵʹظһĻǩëϵĺԼ
̶һˣȻܿųȥ
Į֮ǰƹԸ˹£ǶһЩѸɺͷ⼸ڰкܻӭ
һһȥҲܶ׬Ǯ
˻زׯԶ˳̫ûȫ𣬸ϽѲ綼ȥ
ʱԶصطԸˣҪڲ´Լߡǰ´Լһߵľ롣
ܸÿ㹻ռ䣬߶ʣԶòŵó֡
ȵɵļպǻҪµĲзͲüãߴʡ
л˵
ԶʱСܣʼã
ллǵĹģżö-лӪҺСʹ 10ƿGlory 1ƿǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


93 
ھֲĵ, ζ¶ȵӰġĮͲãҲΪɽȵΣԶֲĻᡣ
Ǻι, ±пò
ǿǵһ㣬Զ˿ٵĲ԰㶼˰ɽ
߶ȲʺϲʩʺͲժʱҲ̫鷳
ʱ½˵ĮĲ綼ȥĿǰ, ĳɻʻ㲻, ԶԤеҪúܶࡣ
õƷУһôġ
ҪѡʺĮƷ֣ƻҪȵҶ, Ƚϲܾ
ȵ԰󣬱ûʲôҪԶˡ
챾Ϊ⼸ձܻصͥ, ˣȴû뵽Ǽҵȴֻδͥһ¡
ÿǰȥ԰î˳·һԵķ޵ô
ٲȥҪϴˡĵ
ͥ·Ҫһ̲ǵʱ, ɳŰʱ̸ϻͥ, ·ϱҪࡣ
£ʲôʱͥ쿴վ޵·һȻԶԶ, Щεʵ
˵ɽķ羰ǲ̲, ɽжϪˮ, ɽϾɢ, ·һ־ܴõҲܲһֱɽŰɡ
ԶĬһ, ڵٹһЩʱա
üëһ, ĵǵ²Ҫʹɽ˰ɣ
ʵԶûôֻ࣬ǵؾɽƵģȱʡЩʱղÿЩ˵⣬ӹʵģհˡ
Զɽйһգ쵽ʱƵسߡ
ֽ̧ϵˮңˮʱԶͻȻһ졣
ѵǲ԰˻ûȥ
Զ̧ͷȥȸһԵĽ쿪ڣϵˮұ˰ա
Įôˣһ䣬оȣЩġ
Ȱ£Įɲһ
Զź򣬱㷢ֲ֪ʲôʱʼǼҵ¶ĮͱøͣĮ˵ʱϵЦⶼܶ֡
ƽʲôҲܲĮһݹȥ
ԶƬʱ䣬·ɱ
һקס֣ڻڴ˼Ȧս
£ɫĿǰͣ˾Զǰ״
Զ˽ѩɽ󣬶˱ûټ棬Ҳнµʱˡ
ݵԶܿعһʵôˣ
ɽ·ĽʿͥգȴٳٲµӰĲŹ
⣬ǿӱ޸յ·¿ԶھӼҴƵġ
Զˮ죬̧ӡ֪ΪΣͻȻ˼顣
ΪԼɽݼôЩʱգ֮ԻɽĥʱգҪǺǰйء
ڻҰʵҩԼӱĸ顣ԼȻûǷ˼ӦɴؾܾܲһֱŶԷ
ÿÿҪ˵ףʱȴܾÿڡ
˼պ󣬾͸Ҫæɽ·ֲ£ԶȰԼҪڶվ͸Žʿһͬѩɽ
·Ҳ޺ˣ԰ĲҲʮϲˡۿûʲôڹԼȥѻͥһһȥ
ڿѾҵԼǰûӱܵˣԶһǰˡ
ôˣɻͷ
һ··;࣬ȻӪһɡԶڵ
ȵȳԹź˵°ɡ
һ
ǾҪͷ´·ˡЦߵԶࡣ
ſִͱ
ΪɽʳͱȽ϶ȱԶżնںȸǽʮҲЩζˡ
ûԼڣԶ˿ӣһԿԶ
Է̬³ҲĿ֪Ϊһ·мԭһٷԶƽһյ
ǳϰ˰ԶأԸ̾һ䡣
ǵԼڶʮµʱ򣬷䲻ܺȣҲѰҪЩġ
ڡ
Զᣬе̧ͷͶһЩɻ
ˣҲա
ôô٣ῴԶǰûжķˣü
Զ²һӪղķʳתһ룬һơȻѳΪʲôȥ⣬Լôش
˶٣⳶˸ڣųԵöЩڲǺܶ
𣿡ᶢԶ
Զ﷢飬˵ʲôתעЩɵؿڵӸոһ±о£ʲôͬ˵
Զҧҧĵôƽʱôϸأ
ۿѾԼ쳣ԶҲûʲôӱܵıҪˣɤӣڵЩ˵
˵꣬һ£˫ʶϣָⱻѹ΢΢ס
Զ֯ԣЩѵؼ˵ϿܶҲ˽⡭ʱ֮ദҲ죬ǣҶϲ֡
Ů֮飿
ԣᶼеģݡ
֮飿
е֡
ʵõİ취ֱ˵Լɫ
ǡ
ԶһԼǰʮûκй˼
Լȡ򵽵Ů
ԶԱؿᣬڵԡҵ˼𣿡
ΪǰԼױܵЩһҪôܻضӣҪô¶ʧ䡣
ֻ߼Լʰ⣬ͼһƪǧֵġĸ֤ԼʺԶѡ
ûУƺûʲôرķӦ
վƹмߵԶߣ߬ߵ֣һļѨλһĵʵָⶼѹûѪɫˣ¸о𣿡
Զ̲ס˶ָе㷢顣
ǹؼܲһ֯˺óʱľܾ
ԶЩľȻƾԼֱڲͬʱĬĬ룺ǲǸûԼ˼
Լǲ˵̫ίʱ߱
˵Ҷףʵյἰԭõ֪ҵ˼ġ
ǰδе棬¿ԾͰմǰദǵ²ϲ֮ʲô£ߵҴټҡ
ԶһĵԳơĳơҡˣôճദ
ҲỰ˼Լ֮ǰദԼϲҲޣԼ
ȻѾ֪˶Է⣬ٵʲôûƵģЩڲˡ
ǴӴ˱֮־ԼᣬûбҪ
ѾȨԼ֪ΪΣԶھȻһֽѵĸо
ʶץŵʲôɢԼע⣬һֲŷ֣ȻԼѨλĵ˫ָ߬סˡ
ˣֻһֱء
ĴָһָƽʱΪ˷ֹҲõġ
ʯļӲĴ޲ԶǸңѸɿ֣Щҵ³Ǹ֡
ЦһȻʵµָ𣿡
أεԼǰ˲֪˶ٱԶ˳ǣˡ
úõһ̹ף֪Ϊαӡ
ԶŶǣĵԼǱ׵ǸȴֻԼһ
վԶ࣬߶ȵԭܺع۲쵽ԶķӦ
ץԼָ˲䣬طֱԶԺԼӴУһֲȻΣҲԼȫ޿ܡ
ĺᶯ˶ŬѹסԼЩڵѩɽгȺûﰲӪأûעΧ𣿡
𣿡
Զʶؽӹ⣬Щôδ˵
ôҲһ֮Ӧƭ˰ɣ
ԶЩɵؿԷ
ȻС
ЦһѩɽϵҰǣͷѰҪҲͣϴǼҲܡɽ￴һЩʳòӵͷǱСģΪҰȺû
дԣڽĮйصʱ᲻ԾἸ֡
Զ۾ʱʱ弸ʣɹѸոЩʧܵĶԻ׵Ժ
ÿС˵ǵ۾ģҹʱˡʱԶ̲סЦһƳһ۵ĳЩԼ۾ɫͺǵĲ࣬˼˼ҡ
Ҳ̲סЦһڵȥһ멣ǵƤëġ
л˵
ڴµʱĳЩ˵ɽǰѵµˡ˭ͷǴﶼˡ


94 
𣿡ԶЩȡ
ĮĶ, ͵ЩƤݣܰȶȹЩˮɱӡ
ӦƥɫƤëӣ֪ûӡ󡣡
ǰԶȥЩ, ̫ȷؿڡ
ЩһⶼԵģִЩëɫÿֺʵů͵ģŸԶȥ
ƥƤеһƥûһë, ӦûĳȺ
ԶԼ뵽Ǽ, ٶ۵ص˵ͷ
˱ٽʰӣԶԵϿڵǵϲ, ëɫƯģٸһֻ
ԶƮƮӦ, ЩȻؿһ
ΪԼֱ̹ĺöЩ˼ȴΪԶίľܾ㻻һ⡣
½𣿡
ԶЦ̧̧Ƥ˵ء
̫仰ǾЦ, Ļǽһ¡
ԶŤͷƳһ, ذѸոյĻ
Ӧơ
ûʲôУǸλҲûʲôȤΨһľǸ嶾ȫ޶Ĵ
ԭĳ, һ޹Զһġ
ۻۡ֡
ֻһ˵ǣ̫, виܵǣ, ҲԶٳٲֵԭ
ЩûҪ˵ˡ
Զ, ڵȡһ, ݸᡣ
ϿвȤ
վһС, еû
ʶ򿪺ӣǸһߴһϸľͲһɻؿԶ
ǺеƷȡԲͲ
Ϊ߻Ƕ˾Ө͸ˮ
һȦװκͻôأ
ԶЦǰȻһ£ʾϸ׼Լһֻ۾ȻһֻԶ
ᱻͻȻԼǰ֪Ŵ˶ٱһæеĶѹѹ
Զ⸱ģЦˣſһãЦŰ˰ʾȥ
һͷˮرųǹ뿪ޱɻΪʲôϲǸԲͲһۣ¶Ǹ۵ı
ſڵ뿪ŰŪĶһȵʵ£ǡ
ԶҲԽǧﾵ˼壬ܿľԶ͵
¶𾪡齨ʱһҪʿĿҪá
Ҫ뿴ԶĶ̸ס
ԶĶ˿֮Ķϡ档
ֻǡ
ԼոյЩɵؿڵҸոտģȴǷŴ౶
ոյ£ԶûסЦȻŽ͵ΪԶԭǽԶľŴڿԶľʱԼܽĶһ
ûף־˸ӣڿԶһֻʱȻڽɵԶһ㣬Ǳֻܿһڵ㡣ԶʱŴ౶ˣǱǽʱһ
ǻȻƵĵͷԶ̧ͷһղžǸʿľ룬ֳԶıʣһزϸոտʿģӦ;ԶʱĲࡣ
ߣһ׵ľ룬֮罻뻹Ҫ֮һ
ҲѹͻȻ¶ıˡ
һͻȻھԼһԶĵطԶһǸ棬̲ס˴첲
׼ʲôӦһŤͷȴ֣Լ֮ľ룬Ҳͦ׽ġ
ӦҲһס
ԶЩ򴽣ҪһŲһľ롣
ͱˡ
ƺ̽顣ͷԶĶ
ԶĬĬԭλã̽飬վհǸϣӦܽͥһ
ͥߵĵطԶټסĵط¶ԺӣԺͥ˶û˽ԡ
ᵹûжĻʲô̫ķӦиԶԼû͵ⷽϲá
ҪҪȥԣԶͻȻ
лЩСˣԶô
Ϊող̫õʹӰ߳ٴξԶʱԵø
Զվ󣬿ֱļЦʵôϿɿԶľˣ
ԶʮؿԶԶȻԿɽȵ·
·ԶʮԶ
ոͻȻܽݴԵҰá
һǰ˵˿ʮԶĵط϶֮ԱǡڣʵͰǰɲš
ǰ˺ʲôħһ㣬ܽ񼣵Ķʵ
ֱضԼɫ۾ǾޣԶЩڵƲͷȥڵͨ͸ˮϾҪھдãǲ̫ʵ
һ㹻ˡعڵ
Ȼ֪󣬵ԶھеĴΪ̽飬˽о÷űģһ㹻ˡ
Զ˵ͷԾ²̫˽⣬˵ˣұϡ
Ҫ
ЩͣǴ˹ӣϼĪԳЩ繵ζ
Զһ˵ǹǵһջЩ裬ټʱ䱻Լãùµġ
ȻȴӦԼ·İҪɵԶΪʲôһĿȻ͸Ͻû˵ڵĻ˻
ôã˳˵ġոҵĲǡ
üЩʹԸһĺܸˡ
Զüô⻰Щأ
ϸǰˣȷʵЩ䣬㿪ڵϲȥɡֻǹĵһԶЩ覴ãʱµ˸ȥǡ
ǾͶлˡ
ѸٹһĨЦ仯֮ԶЩոǲרװǸԼˡ
þգһѾȫµϦڵɫˣЩϢա
˶٣Щ̫ȷʵҪͥ𣿡
Զ˵ͷ
ɽԵѾˣȻûҪˡ
ȻڵҲǡѾĻ
ǵϢǱ̻ͥ
Ӧ£̧űҪӪߣ˼ֲ֪ΪͻȻͣ¡
ԶЩɻؿԷָָһԵɽȻԲݵʮ̹ϵؿڵһġ
Զͷ֪ովͿˡ
ԣҺûסˡ
Զ˳Ŀ⿴һӪء
мǶԼģΧǼһôסµӡ
һ¶޹ĳˣʵһ·ôģ
һ˼ģ΢һǰҹڸ·û˯
⡭
Զ֪˵ʲôˡ
ԭҹ̸Ϲİ
ôأҲûжӪˡ˼һԶǰ׻ԭǶ
ĿԶĴҽסڵµ𣿡
СԶԥػش
˵ֺòƵĻͷᶨز붼롣
ðɡ
װҲûˣԶҧԼߡ
̵ô죬Ϊ
ղôûԶأôȳһɾ
Զ߰뷨˴ʡ
쿴⸱ģһʱҲеͷԡ
¸ոճȥʱǻúõôͻȻӣ
ѵĮǵˣ롣
ܿҡҡͷ֪ͥĮԵƴӡ˵һģôǵ
ǻΪʲôأɵǰڵôˣ
¡Զ˰֣Ը͡
һֿڵ̻ͥԸȥ˶ǰ׼һ¡
ǡ˳ԶĻϽӦ¡
ɽҹžżз紵һɳɳָֻܿƽ
ԶϴϺڴ׼˯
ӦֵڻʱһOO@@죬Զü˼ûǰѽ˽
ôˣ£
Զǣڵںδ
ĮӪزԶš
Щɵ˵꣬ǵҧһһٵؿڣ
Ҹо棬˯
رֵء
л˵



95 
ҪҪȵˮһ޼ʵĲԭ, ͭ
á
ϴԶ䵭Ļش𣬻û˵ʲôͱԶ৵һ·ȥ
˸Ÿ, ĬĬջˮ֡
һ磬Ǳ뿪ѩɽ
һ·ϣԶ̷Ľ컹Ҫڣһ, ⵽Ǹ˪ľܾ
ΪŸ·, Զڻȥʱѡ·ϻЪϢ
ῴǰɢŨŨ룺֪, ͲǷ˵Ǽ仰ˡ
ǵûԶ֮ԶɨҶһĮ̬, ȫԼȡ
ԶԼнסһ˵ЩϰߣϾԼľڸɫ
ʹԼѾ˱ˣҪǷһ䡸ǲˡ
Զ, һ·϶, ô˽Լأ
ֵԼ֮ˣ
ֱͣͥĳſڣԶҲû⡣
, ׯѾúܸˣԶ, Գ˵Ȳ
ЩɻŤͷ, Զ͵ȥ￴ׯڵ
쿴۵׷ŵɫԶ, ԥ, ǳȰ˵һ·۳Ͷ, ҪȻȥЪϢգȥҲ١
˳·¡Զ⡣
»ȻȥϢɡ
ͻȻһߴ˹ڵȹղͥһһָģµʱ㱨ȥǸʣ
Զ˵ͷû˵ջ˳ǵ⣬óѳʻ
ԶӦҪϢŹ޵Ķޱִ֡
ȻҲͲ֪ͬһʱһ߷ʲô¡
ʼ粽߽ڣ񶼹˲ϾͼҴҵؿڵϣܳˡ
üʵʲôˣ
ʼӻȡһӼż˫ֵݸᡣ
̶ܵ̽ͨ͵͵ľͲֱ¶ӱ޵͵ͥġ
˵µȥ붬Ͳˡ
ټëƥܳһΪԶ׬һǱѹг¿˲Ǯơ
ЩĹǱڳ϶͸Է°ӣѶԷ⵹
µ۱ͲһʵۣмɹҲټϵطƵƵ붬ʱŲ˼
ȵʱµ۲ûٳ٣ͣǸӳʵ
˵ʲôҪٹɣǱǺһȰŷͷ
ô˼£ˡ
ǰЩϳʱµ۱ͻȻѪ漴˹ȥ
еӦǺֹܲˡ
ټһֱδ̫ӣµôգӵĶ֮ǰϣҴҲʼæվӡ
ڵܣһš
һĿʮеؿż۽޵ʹ׽뷨
ϡʼ̲ס졣
ûü˵ȥü˵ȥ¹
ǡ
ϴҴȥֻµʼһ˴ͷɲ
ϵʱԶ޵
üۼǽûȥԶ£ܺˣĮϽȥһء
Զе㷢£⻰Ͻ𣬰ѴԵķ˿Ժ󣬷ԸҸ¡
ϵʱһͼֽ߽һԵĲ𿪵ż˹ȥ
ݹʱָǡԶ֡Զȴ˲ϼƽЩӹźϿ
ôҴҵذйһǷʲô¡
ԶٶȺܿ죬Ϣ̧ͷᣬĮ˵һ¡
ϲû¶һ㿪ĵ˼ʮ侲ؿڵɵҲ˵ĮҪǰĻչ׳Լ
˵ĮҪ躹ޡ
Զ˶٣ƹȥͷϵͼΪ˻ǰԼһֻݵĻ
ͽĮ֮һսʵ
Ĳᣬʳȫһ⣬עĮһֱ̾Ƭطϡ
Ψһû뵽ľһ쾹Ȼô絽
һʱһƬžԶָ⻮ţƤֽƳɵͼʱϸ΢춼š
ʼ֪ϵĶڴʲôգǣ벻֮꣬ȻܴϿںƽһĴʡ
ʼãڵûĮ֮ǰϿܸ֪ʲô˼
ۿŵʼ˼ԽƮԽԶڿڴĺ˼롣
ǱҪܽˣ
Զ⻰ͣͼϹ滮·ߵĶĬòſڣһѵõĻᡣ
˵꣬ճأֹɵ֮ǰǻ˵Ҫͨݡĵط鵽ĮڵпܵóԸˡ
ڳУΪһ֪һãȻĵʼ⣬϶û¶Ц⡣
״Զ̾˿ļ򣺡ǴսʤʮĮս¡
֪ʲôʵϣԼҲܡ
սѪᡢʹ֪ˣΪԴΪԼҵİգΪ˳õİҲò
ɵЦЦûĮ֮ǰĮʮսɱϰ²Ϊҵġ
Զ˵ͷûнҴĿķǡ
ȷҪܿս󣬱Ҫƶսƻˡ
һ棬Զʵ㲻ʲôС
ԾûвȥĬĬһߣȡһƲͼĶ湴
һҪҽǳ䲻⡣ٶȱҪ죬ǵȵڲҪѹࡣ
һʳϵȾ׼ʱ䣬ûʣˡ
Զոһֱͼڿ¡
ҲȥţɡѸһȷЯʱҲõĶ
ʿǵĿӦǲѱ֤ˡ
ԶڱдŸ¶Ǳ߼ӽһţɺ̸ɣΪʿŵĿ
ˣѸҲһ㣬ǸǷִҲߣҲʡ
ʼһϣ̲ס˾죺£Щ۹ƽо̣Ҳûôõĳʳġ
Զͷû̧ػصȥǿѸ׬Ǯ㹻Щˣٲûҵ˽⣬ɷġ
ǵ°
ʼĬĬӣĵоݼֱһ޵׶ȻǵĹҲ᳣飬Ҳǵˣֵţɲ˵׼׼
˵ʵʼȴʮָмԶġ
̣¶ϯصģʲôûԹ
˵˵ЩΪʿǵĿʿоʱҲÿдǰֱʯͷӲĸˡ
ʼ˴Զȴ˼һ¡
ǾǾƾ
ƾսǿԾġҲԶԴӾƾ󣬾ûƾţһֱӰӵԭ
ôʱǱҲ˲ٵľƾӦⳡӦ㹻ˡ
ǣƾءΪҪܷⱣҺ壬Ϊ㡣
ʲôԶһֱüͷɵؿʵ
ƾ
Զüͼƾ㣬һͬ䣬ҪʱաƾǱزٵġ
Ĭһ¡
ƾۼģټȣ˿ڸ׷ã˾ƾ֪ȶʿ
˲ƾһҪġ
Щʱգµġ
Զҡҡͷܵʱ˲Ϣ䣬һһķա
Զ֣Ҳ˵ʲôŽİ취ʱͻȻԶЩӡ
Զ¿뵽ʲô취ˣ
ԶһϲɫؿڣϿ˵Ϊ㡹ʡ
Щɻص˵ͷǸո˵ʲôϵ
ԶЦŽ͵ǿ԰ѾƾװСƿУȻʿЯʡȥʱˡ
˷ǿУֻǡ
ѵһʱ䣬ǴѰôװƾƿأ
ԶһɵЦЦĪ֮ǰĹѧԺ
֮ǰԶڳﱸѧԺʱմɵרҵ
ΪĮմɹղÿѧڱרҵ˿˵ǲ
ŵִô˵Ҳרҵtop1ˡ
һʱѧԺûٽҤ
ټϱҵİԼĴҤڼ֮Ƴ㹻װƾĴƿҲûпܡ
οҲҪһԾͰеľƾá
׼һ㹻ӦģĿںĲʱһ˹ȥ
л˵
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


96 
Ĺ뿪, ԶͿʼյæµ
ԭ׼ܵţɺѸɵʳԶ³˾
װƾĴƿͼֽҲڵͽԺˡ
ɡƷһʳ, ˼۸Ƚϲ⣬ֱκ⡣
ӪṩϣЩӲţһء
Զ֪ĺľӣǻش䡢Ӫġ
ڵȻ̶, ܵҲҪʿǳԵúһ㡣
, ԶΪʿ׼оһƣǾЩ൱һţɳȥ, ɵһĿ
Ҳͽʡ˺ܴĿռ䡣
ÿʿЯһɣÿݲʱ⡣
̶ӵĻﱻԶϴһա, ľͲţҲûӹ
ֿɱԶȫԤĽҲʼ˼Ӱӵ
ȻԶıҲǺܷġ
ľͲİ֪ԶΪĽʿ׼ĺ󣬲ûνļӰѣԼҵţ, , ͸ʿ׼ݷһ
ϢԶʱں͹ǼƵĴƿܷԡ
ΪʱȽϽ, ԶԴƿûʲôۡҪ󡣵ƿڵĳߴԶȴҪüϸ
ȻûʧճĴƿҪϡʮܲôһϸġ
ϸʶڴֹĽ˵Ѿѵˡ
ԶҲûٿ, Ͼƾ, ľƿڡ
ܷû, ͷŸ˽ʿǡ
ľԶúѡ
ȻľЩ͸, ʱľƾܻӷһ, Ҳȷʵʱܷõѡˡ
ܷķԶãʵƵе̫Ϊˡ
ȫķѵʱ;ͨĴƿȫûȵģҲпܳʮƿϸ
ˣԶźԥطѡ
ʱһɹߣʱǡĮŽһû꣬һʱҲʡȥ˲١
ʱ䶨³ҲǾ
ݺѾԶԲٳ׼ȫˡ
Զĵظʿ׼һӦҩǰǼҴġ
о;УҩҲһϡȱĶʿʲô⼲Щҩϴá
׼׵Ķ͵ӪʱԶǡڼʸᡣ
͸СĴڱĵϣЩ۵Ĺߡ
ԶᲢ߳˱е⣬תԷĮĹ£Сӣʱˡ
Զһ£Ȼ֪ȻҪԴĮһҪһ˼
ΪָɼźԼһͬû뵽ᾹȻҪĮԼ
Ȼ֮ǰҲ͵аѹ½ԼڵȻ͵ʱᲢۡ
Զ΢΢üϽĮĹ¶һˣ
ᰴסԶļ򣬴Ļŵܴá
ⲻܴܲùµ⡣
Զ̾˿˴£Ӧýɼֵεһͬ𣬲ǻǣƣܡ
εľǵ¡
һδԶ˵Զ˫ƺܿĵƵģһظĮεˣǽ¡
˵ǣ
ҽĮǧг񶼽㡣
ҸĮصĳŵɡΡͰ
Զ˱ۣѹеʱޱȼᶨһὫĮһй¶׵ƽ
áЦŵ˵ͷ
ǰһ죬Զѵõȥһš
֮áѵáݣȫΪԶ⼸춼æŸָ飬Զ緹ʱ䶼ûУϴպϵġ
˵ʵڵģҲԶԴԽôʱһµǰĿʱԷ˲ϡ̶ֳȵæµ
һٿƷԶʮ⡣
극һ裬뿪Цض˵ϰĮĹȫȨҴĲ𣿡
Ƥû̧ͷʵʲô
硭ҳûĮĴȨϱҼܿա
Զεķϣ֧Դͷ
ֱֻǸ
ԶڳһģŵֱӶ˾ӵĲ
ῴԶڵģرһֻżȮݵĶֱҧһڡ
ģޱ׺ݣȴӡû¡
ΪԶһ侫µģı͸ԵΥ͡
رסЦʮֳϿҵ˵Ĳʺ
ΪʲôԶʮֲںв
ƫͷȥ治ɫؽͣΪһ㶼񡣡
ĳצȴһ㶼׺ëף¶׺ݵıʱԵøɰ
ĻȻǲҶԶ˵ģȻпһδѩɽͥʱĴȴûԶʱˡ
ȻûסǷжϾӹµһǲģǵҪĮλ
װ˼һڵˣҰȥסĵط޵ģƯˡ
Զһ
ᵽΪԼҪλˣһס
ڼκйءԶԸǰܺƢĻС׻裬ûо쿪
뿪·ϣԶһֱ˼ΪʲôҪרᵽȥԼסĵط
̧ͷһԼĹǽͼڻƷһ㣬ûʲô֮
ѵΪʵĺԼסİɹĮΣѡһֱţ
ڴǰٰȰ˵Ĺø˳ĮԼ
һʲôľ
ԶĸԲһڼľ󣬲Ϊ֮жһ̴꣬һҪһµĮ
ʹҲҪ֡
²ݻҲҪֺ롣
游ǵز˾Ŀһ붼뽨йصСʮš
Ϊʲô½ɡ
ȻΪԶѾĬ˵ͨĵطĮİͼˡ
һӶ˽ķ֮һǲŰǨôأ
ȻбҪѡһˮ½һ˼֮̾ˡ
γĵ죬ԶӦȥС
۽ľӸ󣬺Ž𣬵ײʱ졣
ǵƥģҲȫԶĵǡ
ỹδԶĳӡ
ãԶǰݸһɫġССĸ
װȴʦ֮ǰҵƽ
Զ˶٣򸣴֪㲻ŷ𣬵ȴʦǸɮ£㻹źá
͸ԶԶһĻ
ǵǲŷģ˭
Ǹڲֿķͱɹķõ֤
ڣǵȴ֣µذǸƽװڸĮ
۾е㷢ᣬͷƳһߡ
ûж˵ʲôӹװƽĸؿڵλãȻְ̧ǰ
Զûз̧ļ
һſԶʱԶ
һһֵӵת
ڿճ˦һƯĻھ
Σ
ԶվڳǽϣƥɫĿ㷭ڣܿе˴ǰ棬ʧȥټ
ֱȫʿӰԶתȥ
ǽϲֹԶһˣͷԼ
̧ͷʱǸ侲Գֵ¡Įµˡ
ȥɡʲôһ㱨ԶһȦ
ԶǴ֮е¡ˣ˵仰˽Եͷǣûκɵ֡
³ǽԶûкһͬͥǳ³ǵķ뿪
Եһеɻ̲סʵ£Ҫȥ
ԶŤͷ䵭³˼֡ܵˮøЩ
һãȻԶȴûк̧ͣԸú̩üҡ
ȻҪĳѾ嶤£ôԽһǸλһȽĺ̩
ں̩صܺܲܳɹϻλ᲻ܱͻҵľƸӸӡ
Զ˵ּɵˡ
̩ˣʱҲûж򶨡µ۲صϢûԶ֪磬ϢҲġ
ڲܿ϶Զһ֧Զ᲻ܶȷ


97 
ԶѰ, ̩ԼҲҪȥԶġ
һݣûȺ̩ڣԶʵ߻Ӳ𣿡
̩һ, ˰ʦ⻹ԶһγƺΪ߻ӡ
üһԥǽʵ˵˿ڣʦ, ѧҪȥ
Զɫ, ˷ֲϲŭؿڵ֪ģҲھͻȥ
ѧס̩ü۵ʹԶİŲ⡣
Ǻ̩֮ǰ׵¡
Į˴ηͻϮ, Ʊǳ䲻
ʱǵҪһһ̲飬̩Լ벿´ݵϢҲֻ
, ԶȻһлĮʮ˽뿪
һصܺͱԶĮܵ𺦡
̩Ҳһ㣬ڼԶʱŻ˵
ȻԶķӦҲ⡣
һϻȴ̸֪֮, ɱȺһСȴϲΪǵ˺ҪʡĶˡ
Զһ, ο̩Ҳʲôˡ
һʾ⽭̩, һ߿ڵȵĮĴɽҿ˰ͻܡ, ҪԼҪʲôļֵܶҿɲǰŸհͻػᾩ, žͱָɱˡ
Զһ̫ɵЦһܿġ
̩̿ˮ, ûȽݹĲյ
ܿ, Զλһ˼
˶, վԶҾʦͽ̡
ԶЦЦʾȥӽ󣬾Ͳؽʦˡ
Ǵͬ淽ˡ
ǻӮȻҲܱ
Įڲû̲ôθڡ
ܱЩȺ»ӹĴķѣ𣬸ĳԶãܰһ˵Щ
ܶĹİ˵
̩ȻҲʶһ㣬ЩؿԶѵĮ֮䣬ֻбһ·𣿡
ȻǡԶҡͷ
Ĺʹϵ֪ˣѺúҲһѡ
ܶ˱ƽԸǿ
ԶЦЦ֮൱ȻԷʱѡ˺ٺƽ
Ҫ򡣡һصԶõ
ԶһЩãĺ̩ͻؿڣֿ֮ܣҪȥˡ
̩ƶǶص˵ͷǰ˼˵ȻһжܳɹǸλĻϡ
ԡԶɫЩ׽͸߻ʲôأ
̩֪Զ˺ɻıˣֶΣοԼѰġ
֪֮ĺ̩ʮֳϿҵؽԼĵԶȫг
ֻڽһ˵ʵھᾩ̫ԶѺǼֵܿ⡣ҪȻҲװԶһˡ
Ȼ̩Ҳ֪һ㣬Щš
ԶüŤͷ죺ҼǵǰЩ˴ţ˵ĵѾ뿪ͨݸϻػᾩˣ
˵ͷʱ㣬Ӧٹվִܵᾩˡ
ܵɷ涨طԱ˻ᾩְ⣬ƽگԼϽĵط
µۻԲѵϢڻûдȻĵҴææϻػᾩȻǳѾҵһزˣҪؾסֳ
ĵΪ׵ġǺ̩ҪŬȡˡ
ڻĻһλ
̫Сųմսеӣпܼ̳λľֻʣĸ
ȻҲп
ϾӦûʲô˻һֱеĺ̩Ѻע
ĸ֮УĻӺڳе
ӵľ˾ˣƹܶʮ򱱾Ĵ󽫣ҲȥҲпϻλ
⼸ȣ̩ͺܲˡ
ĸţ˵ҲǳţȴԶڽݣﲻʲôæΪУ볯дҲûʲô
Ȼ̩ԼҲԼûʲôţЩؿԶʦҪ£ة࣬
ԶҡҡͷԷڵһԼʱչֳʮ𾪵Ӵ鱨
µ۾׳ĵҩص֪ǼӵġϡɢȥҲһڻˡ
ԼҪߺ̩󣬶ԷЩɻؿԶѧޱ֪˾кô
ЩϢȥȷʵӰڰеѾĿŵλʱ̣
ԶЦЦ룺ʱˣСϢӰ
ѰʱһӵĸϢӰڻʵۺʹеۡ
ںµ۲أиԵ֧֣ЩϢʧȥ˼ֵʵȴȻ
˴Ļ֮УΪλ֮ҪĻиƵƵԵʡ
ð֪ǼһȺµ۸ӻӹ޵ʵۺǶԳֻ͢ӲԻ׳
ʱҴͳдǾҪֵֵ֮ˡ
ڰеѾȵ׵ļӣװס¶߻ӾͻԵ˳ࡣ
£ĵһ͸Ӽ򵥡ֻҪ֤ԼһӢĻʵۡ
һ㣬ԶԼ̵µĺ̩Ǻĵġ
ѧˡ
̩һŵģԶεЦЦºһܡʱȴŸֵ׵ˣǿʼڰռ䴫㼸ֳĸϢ
ӦԶ˵ͷ׼뿪
ߵſʱֻعͷͳÿżҪȽҲ鿴
Ȼȵ̩ŵʱӦѾʼˣΪԷһԶҪżм飬ֹĮȥ

һ·оֱʮ˳ĸݡ
ˣΪԶȫ׼ڵִԤƵӪʱȻȼƻлҪ˼졣
Ӫʺһӣʿԭȵҹɫٺ󣬾Ϳʼǡ
ҹҪǶԶǣܵĹš
ᾪȵǣԶķáɢݶ̫ʴˡ
֮ܵɾ
ΪǳҹɫͻϮû׼˵ùȥ
վڸߴԶ鿴ԶڵرʱƤ׵ʿڲt̨ϴ˯ĳͺѽ͡
Ҳû뵽һ̾Ȼɡ
ǺճǰӦԶµʿ˺аա
Υá
ڿסź͸úôڸפӰյճ
ݱĮĵҹԶڴǰվãŽ¡
һ˯òȡ
һۡûãǹڴɽפϢ
Զڽҹȴһεһ
ݲͬսѪʬ塢սأڶ
ԶȻѣǲ顣
޵ҹĽ죬æܽϾδԶؿڣôˣجΣ
һɫµԶ߬źľ齣۵Ĵڻع
˰֣һų彭£˸جΰˡ
һģοǿ׳ĮȲʤȯġ
л˵
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


98 
ĻûԶһ, ˼·ߵǰ
ʶǰһһȰֲȰǳ
ѵƵϡԶһüģһ߰û
Ѿ͵ƹ, ȴȰԶ
˯þڲŲʱ̣ôͣǳԲ
¡Զҡҡͷ
γŽƵĹ, ̧ͷһ⡣
ո, ȷʵЩ硣
¹Ҳ˯ˣɴû鿴ꡣ
һԭԶû˵
ʵǸոǸΣĵصĵǡ
սϵ顣ʹս, ǿ׼ȫ, Ҳûܱ֤ⷢ
Ŵ뿪ԶͳĮĹǣܿ־壬ܵǣֳܱһ˿һĲȷš
γ, ϽĮģս
ǰıϮ, սپͬⳡսʱĩҲûпܡ
˵ﶼһ亹
, ԶᶨءһɿĴɽһվĮ, Ų֮С
ǰߵĽʿҲûй˼, ɱ
Զĵ׵ĵȴһ, ϢƮξ֮, ζȾѪɫ, Զʵϵǽʱֳ򶨣г
һˣẦ£ҲᵣǡΪ˼ϵΣֳֺܱ
Զ££·ŵǸ͹ż
⼸죬ԶˣעźһصĶ
Ǳˣѵõûиǻ䣬żһһ
һصļ䱾ͶĮв֮ģŴͥ飬Ǽпܽ˻ҡ
дţʱǻǱȽϰ֣ԶĲ΢һ㣬ʼд½Լļƻ
⽥ԶһֱĽ˽ԸӦûͥҡ
׼뿪Զ˵ҵĻȥȥϢɡҹһû˯Բġ
ŴԶһֱһҡ
쿴ﵣͿʼҹҹ޵档һԶһʲô紵ݶܵһʱ֪
Զ׽ǵԼȰҲûãֻȥֻǰ˼٣ȥϢ
С֪
뿪ԶЩ۾顣
֮ԲǣΪǰ챻ɵѩɽϵĲׯȥˡ
ҶΪƷֲ֦ͬժʱҲͲͬ
ĮİֲҶûһ㾭飬ǵһֲĮ
ۿһ¶ȺͽˮѸӣпΪ˿ή
˾͸ҪԶע
ԭƻԼӦǰѩɽŲˡ
ĮͻȻܿսͥȫ֡
ˣҲֻͷܼˡ
˲Ҷ⣬ҪԶĵ鲢٣ǰʱ̨ľͲ½һƵҲʱ
ԭǽƷߣƾҲҪһȥ
ĮľƲȣǰȥľͲ䣬һʲôὫƾ췽й¶ȥһӰǰߵս
ʱ󵽵ͥ󣬻ûЪһͼҴҵصԶ
Զ⸱糾͵ģΪǲׯǱ߷ʲô£Щżվˡ
״Ͻ˰ֵ·ģׯǱ˳ɻҲ
Զŷ˵ͷ彲Ųׯľ
꿪ֵĲӣϰ򻷾ѩɽĵƷֵĲ˽ȥ
ȥʱԶص˰ѲͬƷֵĲֿ£ԱҲҪдƷֺԭأ֮¼ȶԡ
ݲĹ۲ƸõĴҶֵĲҶֵĲҪһЩ
Զ룬ǰҶֲ϶ֲһǵĲ԰ϻҪһ㡣
СҶҪָҶڳҶƬ⣬вӵӪʵĺݳ̶ϵ
Ҷֲ辭ʺƳնͺ裬СҶָʺƵ̲衢һࡣ
⼸ֲҪڷͳ̶ȺյĲͬ
ڿΪʱ硣
ΪժҶڲһִ̼ˣˣԶǴ㽫ժʱƺһЩȵʺµĻٽвժ
ļֲĳãǵöٹ磬ѡ⼸ƷֵĲԶԸ塣
ΪʲôֱӽеĲĲռȵ£Ҳ˵Ʒ֣ҲǾԶľ
ҪΪĵڣʱǲҪʱڣֱӰ쵽ʮׯơ
ʱ伸ûʲôɲġ
ˣǵʱ⣬ԶǾԹڵĲΪ
ȵׯĲ;Ч涼ȶٿǸĽƷֵ⡣
θߡƵɽܲƷʸõĲһ㣬ԶȻġ
ҲѸƷַڼƻеԭ֮һ
ɽеֲ෱ֳ࣬ʺߣȻʺϲ
ԽĵֻĲҶۣӶγɸ谱һķʡ
򵥵˵ǸɽݳĲζãӷḻ
˳ĻĮĲҶܳΪһƷ֡

ԶĽݱպİġ
ŵʿ·ƥôʱڰϢԶ
ԶԶʿߺšĮݡżʱǽŵЩ
һĿʮеֽϵݺ⼸һֱŵĲ
ˣȥϢɡԶŵĴ˵
⻰ɫƣĴȴû뿪ǴӻȡһݸԶڵרŸµģ˵һҪ
Զһ£ɫ򶨵ص˵ͷ
ȵ뿪鷿Ὣŷ˺
ϵǣݲҲûʲôݡ
һĻоʱһЩ¡
ɽʱһֻɫرķд˽
һݺƽġġǼš
ּʲݳ̶ȴӦо·дġ
ĺҲͱʲݺһ㣬Ըÿֲձֵ쾡¡
˵ʵдһ㣬һ֡
ԶĬĬذǸȦ˳
Ȼô룬ǽۺ÷Ϸ
ʮֵءֱ

ļʤŵĶ˲١
ԶҲʼٶŴսϴۡǷֳ˾ϡ
죬ԶԭվڳǽϺŽͥһ¡
ΪﲻԭûеҵҲһð˳
ͥ˿ڴȥͿʼڲϵӣѾԵЩӵˡ
ΪˣԶ˼
Ҫǣ³ǵĳǽˮɵģͥô˵ҲĮĶǣʯǽЩ˵ȥˡ
ԶݹͼֽʱԶͻȻ۶
Щɻ̧ۣڵôŸ·ۡ𣿡
ԶҡͷЩࣺԣϵźǰ촫ŵʿͬ
л˵
ڡҶֲ衹͡ɽ衹ݣο˲ϵĲ£ش˱ע
Ļ±ӦûῪ-δѵ
˵ݶĲף
İ
#̽ķ˿ͱԼżһô#
#õĻǳʮһѵˮ#
л衱ʾҲ֪
Ϊһۣʹһİ硣
ĴԳͽ
⣿⽨ſҪáοҲʲôףֻǡôԽǰһɫĽɫѡ
žĴ©ˮéݣл衻ҧݡ
߳ԺӡǰľǼ˴˵лҲɵҭ
벻ͨôųˮֳǼĶƶıأ
㣬зδϺ
ˮ

۷ȥӶͬƶл衳ɵۣΪĽӰˣ·
ϵ˵Ҫй⣡Ǿ˹⡣
Ŵ׵л˵ҪչҪ裡Ҫƶ
ǣİվԽԽԣסҲлԽԽΡ
ǣ˭ܸҪô찡
ȥܲǡ

붼ǰԶðˣںЩ
û뵽ĺگ󣬾˵Ϊ
żֺ棬˳·忴һۡ
ǸеðԼˣʱӣ¢ϣϸ۲ŵ磬˿Σս
һհԣ·ƽ̹ݼ̿ɿľ
ٵĴףɱңֹСҹ䡣
ĴףܸɣձС
ںʣˣҳˡ


99 
ȻԶ, ˵ȷʿǴ
˵ıźԶߵĴһ壺ʲô, ˵շˣ
վɣ죬ҲԶںһصӵĶ֮һ
ǡǰ˻ͷվԶ㱨źһص
ǰ˸յ, мɣһһ˭, ̶̼պˡ
ʲô
Զûһ췴һʧģ
ɣǿ, Ҳžרѵʿ췴ľ, ɲ׳ɵġ
ս׾ֱһΡ
ҲǸֻŴ󲿷ֵױ뿪󣬲Ÿ췴ԭ
ڸձˣԶй֮Ե
ٰܾʱҲȥܵеһԱ
ӻᾩĮʱ, һ·ϸûٺԶĲìܡ
ľͲ޻Զһ, Ҳ²ż˵ֱʡ
ˡԶĵ
һһصķȥһʿĻ㱨
ʮǰ, ճ岿Ҫ׺ӡ
ǹ׺, ǱͥԶ, , Ѿȥ˴岿䡣
ȥȡͼԶе̴ӷԸ
۶ȥ, ԶſԼҵ󳼡
ȸԻȥ, ֮顣
˴ǰҪҲǸɹһʱֻصͷҲ˵
СԶؽסǣ²й¶κˡ
ɪıӰԶԱߵĽһ
ᣬ⼸Ҫϸ񿴹ǣԷκйظҵϢȥ
ԶǰһصľӣЩһʱ϶Ǹϲġ
פͥʿҲǧˣлнǸĽ
ҲָܹոǶ˾ţ˭ֲ򶨡
ҲԶҪϢԭ
Ϊǰ߽ʿǵĺܣڵĮκһ㶯ˣܲȡʲô취ԶҪѸ𲻰ͷɱ׺
ڻȥŸ죬׼Ͷʯдľ̿ĵҰšԶŵĺӷԸ
ҪͶʯľ̿ţ༰Ķʲô
ɻȴûֳֺĬŵ˵ͷԶ׼õ뿪ͥ
ҴҶִҴȥ
һߣԶõͼֽҲûзֺķɡ
׺Ӳɽɽ׺ӣһƬĲԭ
ٶǿЩֻһһҹܵͥ
£һ׾ǰȥǷɱ׺Ӱ
ʼһţͶǰԶ
Զ̧ͷŭĵʼһۣذϵıʷŻԶڵֻͥʣǧ׾ȥˣһͥϮô죿
⻰ʼ΢侲üǸô찡
ͥеʯǶϣմһǰ䡣ԶͼͷҲ̧طԸ
ˡʼ۵׵ĽɢȥһЩ
ʯǣȻ֮ǰɽĻҩйˡ
ʱҲڳԻҩǺһӲɽʯըķѣοɣȺأ
̨ʱ׼ȥ׼ҩԭϣȻԶո˵һ仰
ҲҪȥ
ʼԶԥطУսϵۣŵô죿
ԶΪؼʰϵţ֪ûҩо
ʼһҭ治֪
ֻʿûӵȼߣȻѸԶҩѸը
ûҩԵо˺治̫
ܲʿŻҩɺӣȼ󶪽оɣ
ҵҩʱ˵ⶫմˮ
ҲõȥôΣյĵطʼŲӷҲУǵ뿪ͥ˭ƿش֣
ԶεؿڣٶȿĻұܻʲôǽ춼Ȳ˵ġ
ۿŵʼüҪоٳһԶϽֻ䣬󡣡
ҲչˣʹͥҲһȫ
ʼü룬ڽ˵鲻ԸȥԸ׼
ߵʼԶǽһʱĵ鶼꣬Ȼй̨Լͥ⼸ĮСĴȨ
ϣҹɫƫ뿪Լ˷纮⼸첻ˡ
׼Щ⣬һҲҪԶһ뿪ͥǱǰʮƤͰ
ͰרΪװڻҩõġֳ֣ϱװߣǷŻҩĵطмһƤֻһС׹ߴ
ʽԶƳҩʱһƵġ
߷ͰڲΪ˷ֹͶĹϨ𣬶мĸװҩĲǷֹҩڸյȼʱͷը
Ͱ֮ѡƤ˿ǵ⣬һҪء
ҩڱը˲䣬ķѵƬͬԵɾ޴˺
ɴ˿ɼƳʱר̷սġ
ΪʲôʱҩͰһΪҩ鷳Ҳȫ
һ꣬һСմ˻ǣǻûܵĹըԼĽʿˡ
ⷽԭ֮⣬һЩԶԼһ˽ġ
ҩƻʵ̫򲻵ѣʹá
Ҳûбİ취ˣͥܵ˺ľֹһǵİպܱߵļ䡣
һǺʯصƤͰԶһǧ˵ľڵڶյҹϵ䡣
ʹҹҲŻѣһĺڸѲߣȻһս״̬ģ
һ˹Ѳߵ৵һ¾е׼ǡ
Ϊ׵ĵʼϽһԱš
һؽӹʼӹƣŻѵĹ֣һ˵֪ǽ͵µոնð
Զ͵ʼǺذ˰֣һ䡣
ʱڣ䱸һЩǺ¡
ս䣬Զ㿴Զһ˶˳Ǵ˹
졢ǵĸ
Ȼ⿴࣬ѽǶϵһˡ
ԶҲû뵽ĸϸǣ׵Ȼ⸱׺ģ
Ҳ˼ŴʱԶϽǰһȿڵǰ岿ôˣ
ص£յѾδ׺ӸǰЩǶɺӣȡɽһء
ȴʮϸ
ʱӦԸյһϵоٴ룬һԵĵʼʲôë
»ҪЩʲô˵Ѿһ·йԶ
ԣԶҡҡͷȻſڵѾúܺˣҪǳ
ʲô̲ס
¶ǼᶨһɡˣԶô׵еؾҪȰ롣
£򲻿ɰøյĴɽٳ岿ɺӣͥΣˣ
л˵
᣺þûˣðݰɣҲ֪ûյҵļ飨̾


100 
Զûü, һԵĵʼͿڵôûǵ
ڸոյһ˲䣬Ѿ뵽ʮֹȰĻ
ȴߡ
һȵؿԶͲѡֿϡ
ŨܺͺӺЩ׺, ԵΪϲС
ԶЦ˵ͷȥǻұ֤պĵѾһ׺ӡ
ŰɵؽʱԶŤͷ°Ѵͥһ·˹ĻҩԭϺͰ˹
ˣʲôƵһԴ,֮ǰ׼Ͷʯľ̿, ʲô
Ͼ֪ˡ
Զһڳϵ񲼣ʯǷܳһڴ
ץغ, ̲סĿͶ˵ʼϡ
ʼʶغһÿģһըʱ
üҪ, ϽӵԶ
ʱǲԭϺպʿʱͥţʼСʱƤ׽ŪǣûٱСưӵһߡ
˵ݵڵ಻ǹһ, ڰеսľĸо, ʼڻЩĻš
ˣʹѾͳǧͽ, ʱ̲ס﷢
, ʶԶֶΡ
ټԶŰͷ۲ѵĹнȳĶ, ȻԶ˵, ʼȻǲ͸¶ֵġ
ļǵغȥɣʼֻš
͵ʱ, ͻȻԶһԼ֡
ô, £Ͻȥ
ûɣԶһۡ
ʼͷҡ˹һԶָָװſʯͰԸǸѻҩ
ʼϽŤͷò°ѳϵĶж
ĴŴѰʵĵطûҩʱԶʵôڵҪҩ
ϵĿ̶ȶ塣
ʼһãȻָָԱ߽ʿŵĻѣûͿѽ
⻰ԶǰˣָƤͰظһҩע
ʼءһǰͰݸߵʿԹԱԶ߹ǵע
õĺڻҩմˮܡʼؿһԶĬĬ졣
ʲôԶΪ
ܡ𡣡
ʼԴϿϴԲ£һʱ⣬˹ء
֪ڻҩҩʱӦøӽ쾹Ȼܳô©Լȥ췣Զһࡣ
ʼ˵ͷ֪ôΪǵİȫոȷʵˡ
ڻҩմˮʲôãըҩƻѡһմϻǣԺڻҩɱûˡ
һΧȫ̵һʱ侹ȻҲԶסˣòŻعһ˵ѱõĴС
ԭϵĺʮа˸ǱƢԼҲ𡣵ûԶ
ϱδ䣬˵Ҳƽľģѹȸȴ
ϸһ£֮ǰʱûĸо

ڶһ磬͵յʼѡҩĵطš
Զ˹ЩƤͰĺ棬ѾȫסΪѾĽŸС
ҹȥ˯ţһֱ뵽ʲôȻܰ˵Ѿ׺ӱߡ
һˮ»ô
ϧǣʹ˸磬ҲûǸ
տĵϣֻмʿææȥӡ洦ɼĶ
ҪǸʲôҩôס߹ĵʼļǵʵ
ء
ʼ˯ش˸ǷƮɢڽ͵ˮҲأ̫ܿʼá
ò׵ȵеˮڿ˻ҩĳ
ǰľ̿ǡʯʲôĥɷۣٻһװͰ
һ㶼ϡ氡
СˣЩɵĵʼļ򣬿ʵⶫ˵Уôôأ
ţ
ʼһ䣬һĪҡҡͷⶫҲġ
ⶫûеʼ˵ôǳѾȥˣҲֻĵȴŸѾĵ
ǻúܿ죬հ˾Ϳ˱ڵƥ
һز䣬˵ԶϢһ
ȵԼ׵˵˵ʼҩºǽһж̱˴ʵĽϣһظģ
Լӵ⸱ģеĲˣԵһ֡ôȫһ˻ڹĸо
պյյĴɽʱľȻǣˡ
ĪģǳȲ
µĸһżЩ죬̲סڵ죬նҪǼſˣ
˰֣Ͽվͳ׾פķȥ
Զպþڴ˵ء
кδ㣿ʵ
ԶʱԼЯĲͼ̿湴
ͼݸԱߵĸһ䡸ͼϱעλòͶʯתָͼϵļλø
յѾҹһ׺ε⼸Ӫկȵúٶɺӽ
̲סƵƵͷԶúеյľѾо£м仹ɽ·᫵ɽһأضʮƣ͡
ƣսκһ춼׵ĵ
ӵĶ԰䣬ǸգҲȥþպԼ
Զָ⼸öǿ׺ӣȡˮҵƽϸߵĺӰ
ؼǣڴ˴կγһƷΣ໥ЭãǼѵİӪλá
ǾḻϤϽָЩ
д󾪣ԶĿǶ˼־塣
ԶԴƺǺ޲˵ȵҹ󣬱Ͷʯ⼸ͶҩͰ
ռȻһҪ֪ʲôȥ޻ء
ҩͰЩʵǵ֮ǰЩƤͰ
Զ˵ͷ˷ܵĵġ
쳤ѾڰͶʯļطĴ󲿷˶ڹע
Զ׾⼸첻ûҩװҩͰͰŪͶʯټϸʿأѰ˽ֹԼҪȥһͬ
أҶòС
Զ˰õͶʯʵǹŤľ½ӵŤܽʮͶİ׿ĵط
ֻҪͶʯλðźʣôҩͰֱӽյľըķѡ
ҹһ£ͶʯϵľѹͣȻŵȼĻҩͰ׺ӣص˯еѾ
Զϵش죬صҪضƵġ
һֱڵһߵֱӵֱ˫ۣԶİն˵æסӵĶ䣬ܾͯ
𾪣һμ˶ʱŵһɷס
⡭ǻҩͰ𣿡Ѽڻҩɽʱĳĵʼǣ̲ס̿ˮ
ϵıըȼ˵оԶĻҹɫԵøۡ
ھ޴ıըУӦġ
ȴƺ˺ͷʹĺ
̡Ѫ̳ȻζţԶȴûбܿ
ܼıըУؿӶ԰ķ
¿ǲ̫ӦڻǴյԶԣȰοҪȻӪУｻҺ͵ʼǡ
ϸ˵ԶһֱӲ뵽սҲǵ᲻ӦȱܿǰЩпĳ
ԶҡҡͷУĲԵø
֪ǻ˼ʵϣԶвûһƼʿʱ־ҵͱʹ
˵ĮϰףĮûͳһʱ򣬲ԭϵĲ䣬ʱʱս
СĲ̲Ĳ䡣
һսܺʤһὫеԶɱʹ׵ӤҲŹ
ŮսƷһ˻ȥǷһ
ʱǲңԭϵŮһշת䡣
Ƶսĥлϲû˵Ըͱһ䳤áͷ
ǽܰѸյѾ׺һ࣬պһоͻ䷢
ԭϵĻѪȾῪøңȴҲȲڻлЦ߸ˡ
л˵
Ͷʯ
ҹŴǵͶʯӦӦûôԶģһףͶصʯ顣ʾмٽôأҿǽ
ᵽŤҸоӦǱһһʹõġͶԶͶӦһ㡣ϣʵ䡷˵ԽʮصʯͷͶ˰ٶףɣӦûôԶһ˵450룬Ҳ400ףҲǲο֡
һԭģȤıԿһۡ
͵ĿŤʯɵϵļ̳صĳοܣһֱĵˣװкʵӹɡ˵¶˲һŤʵúܽˮƽڳοܵˣλ֧żλáƽʱʹ˽֧żϵĺ
˵Ķͨӵ״ʱڵ˵ĶװһƤʱý̽ӽˮƽλãڡӡƤŽʯĵ塣ðװɿʱ˱ԺֱָܴλãײĹ㽫ԻιĿꡣ
ʿֻеΪҰ¿ʾײʱοܵĺӾ¿ӡһ㡣ʯһǿĹԽʮʮʯ鵯450ľ롣սݱ䡷ߣTN


101 
յһ̴ûκ, ȵֹͣͶҩʱǱߵӪͱըĿȫǡ
ʹѾ٣ҲЩİ˵ӡ
ڱ˵, 뿪սʣˡ
ûڰӪկʱʱ˺ġ
ҹͶҩʱвжѸ͵սסһ, ȻһҹҪȫû
, մѾҲ˴롣
ڱ˵ͥˣܻܲŻصԼĲ䶼ɡ
Զڣغڵࡣ
ûƵ, һҹڱըҪʱͻ˴ʡ
߽, ԶͷҲ̧ؾʵ𣿡
ǵ˵ͷַӦԶڵĶϽص£ʱһ̱ˡҪҪ̽ȥ̽һ
ԶŶһ, ˹ѹѹ߲ڵ, ҡҡͷ
ˣǳըӦûѸը, ʹġ
ǵһμԶ⸱ģЩ̫Ӧ, ú㶵һ, αһ䣺ǻǿϧ
Զǹ˹, ǿ¶һЦ⡣
ҹͶһҹĻҩͰ, İӦö˰ɣвҪæ
ʼЩ, ը˿һʱҲϰˡ
ڱըаȻ硣
ʶرҪ񶨣ڿԶǲüۺָϽ˵ͷ
ǣǣ黹в٣ұȥæˡ
ԶӦһϽ˴ʡһŤͷȻ˲֪ſ˶õĵʼ

Ҫʣȴֲ֪ôڣֻ㬱졣
ʼһۣܿ˼
ǰ˴Դ͸ŷ쿴һĿԶ󣬱˺һһԻͷԵߵӦ鲻ãû̫£õһ˾һ
ǵ˵ͷʲôƵһš
Ҿ˵ӦõȻϢģ²Щˣĳ¶Щŵˡ
ʼΪغһĵ˭ǡǡˣʼ˰Ͳɺͬնˡ
ң¸
ҩǵԼһַġͥ˭֪ȻӲŭȴǵˡ
κͼǲ˶һ˵С
ôẦıը
ڵΪʲô鲻ãʼȻ֪ţȴ֪ô֫ûͷԵ˽
ֻһקԶԶĴʣһ߶֮㲻Ҫ˴¾ˡ
һ徻Զڰʱֵȵ˸ʹ
ʹһ·õģǱըսͱռҴұɹˡ
ϻвСĲϵ࣬͸Χһҹըһ죬ˬγĶԱȡ
ʹռԶʱĵҪǾ˱ըĵʲô
һԵĵʼüͷһ壬ûü˵λϵԶʵôҹıը𣿻һΣ
ʹ৵һ¾ð亹
ҹЩЩһأͷ项һ죬ǷӦͿǶΧжըɢ
ӪʽŸգӪʵصм䡣ըʱǱ㵽ս˲ûյʲôʵԵ˺
Щըķѣ̿һ治ģʬͶ֫нɢųζءȴһش̼񾭡
Ļͺúʲô˵ʲô˵
ԶӸµؿվмʹҹͶǵЩﻹв١
ʹ̿ˮͰ͵شСġСġˡ
һԵ̲סһ
ոջԳơ᡹ھ͸ĿڳơСġˣͷ
ȻҩѾըˣô̸оɶˡ
ȻǶԶߵ˵ġɡΧм䣬쬵Ŀ׶һɣʹɲôá
˱ԶɨһۿҪ޳ʹü
ǡʹŶ
˱ԡ
Զ״ƿݵص˵ͷ
ӻɻϲĿⶼʱԶŲزġ
ʲô
ʹԼݣʶԶķߣɣģһ
ôλá
ϧû߼ͱվһ߿ͨһ˼Ӳĵϡ
ԶûʹĲ״ƵģԹԵؿڵЩᱬըĶأҲˣܴɣ
ʹص˵ͷ֪Զ⻰˼
ʵϣʹ˶֪Զ«ʲôҩ
ֻǳڶԶޱΣûб¶ѡ
ĶȻ۲ƣǵӪô࣬ǿһʲСĿ֧֪ϲϲ
һԵ̲סһЦ
ǵɱ˻Ҫİ
ҿ̸еĲǸڹŹһĸձˣˣ²õҪѪ
Ȼֱڱըо͸ˡ
ֹǣԱߵҲһŬЦӡ
ֲ֧˲ͬʹıԳƵʮָӣбķߺޣжڱըη塣
ϲϲϲʹǴԴˡ
״Զص˵ͷ
ʹģոѿڶǡϲԶһ˵Ȼ첻ϲһ͵ĻԵʣˣҽһЩըˡ
˼ֱ̫ˣΪʲô̸еԼأ
ʹʼ
ȻϲǾͰ챬ըķýһ°ɡԶЦݺ㣬ֿ
ᡭʲôʹͻȻһֲõԤС
Ȼըķˣ㲻˵ϲ𣿡ԶһȻ
ǣǡ
ʹͰ͵ءǡ˰죬֪ô
˵ϲը
˵ͶôᱬըĶҰĽʿΪʲôǻҪǮ

ģոĻһ䣬ôʣһ뽫ʿҲˡ
ãʹεʵʲôã´Ҫأ
Զһ˼һ߿ڵըʱ˲ٵͭúҼǵøвú󣬲ʮúѺЩðɡ
ʮ֣ʹ
ɣú󲻴ú㲢񣬱˵ʮֵúҪɶ꣬ǰúڿգһôú
£ôú̿ȷʵ𰡣¿ݿݡ
ʹԶֻӣʾ˱죬Ȼ˵ǸĻҾֻнɣըƽȻԼȥˡ
вĻȴԶ˵һϧܲԸƵġ
ǲһըƽвһţʹ졣Ķ˲ˣϽڵϢŭϢŭֻʮֵúʵڹ󣬿ɷСȻȥ
ʱ컹šԼ˱Ǿ͸ж¡ΣȴҪԼ䶼һܱסв
Ҳ֪ԼʹһƬҡ
ԶȴݵúܣҲû͵˵ͷ
л˵
ǸǸˣ˴٣ϰдģû뵽һĻᣬؼҺü֡
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


102 
Զɴػ, Ѿɫ׵ʹȥʱѵ֪ģĲǺܺ, ղϢҪ˴ɺӸˡ
ʲôȻֿ԰ըĴ
ȵе˶뿪ֻʣԶһʱ, Ŵĸ, ʵҪҪȻϢżնû˯ˡ
ü߶ԼرԶǰʱǸܵת
˹ȥ飬Զͷ¶һĨЦ, ѵûоܾĽ飬˵ͷа, ȥ˯
⻰ϽһĽ죬εĸˣԶҲƸոռɣʹǰ㣬ЦŸŽԼĴȥϢˡ
ϾԭǺԻõ, һ汻Ǹѻ˵, ȷʵȱϢйأ
ȻٴԽһΣҲԼúܺ, ԶһȦܣﻹǾͺܺá
ûҪٷʲôˡ
Ϊ⼸ԶһֱΪɣս·, 컹һĲ˽
еԶԶŵ˽Ķ, Щӡ
ⰲζжѺ, ҪҪ಻ࡢ᲻ζ̫ˡԶžͿʼüͷ
ҲȰ衣
Ƚ߽, ԶȾܾ
Ѻ, ǰܴĹķݵġ
첻Ϊһݹȥ³
ԶĵϤζôܲѺȡ
ǽ˹Ȼ鼫ԸȷȷʵʵⱭζŹֵİ͵ߡ
ԶϺȣҲͷˣһ߰ŪŲߣһ״ʵǲǲ̫ϲǸɣʹ
Զ̧ۿ𣿡
ԡҡҡͷ
ôģԶЩ档
¶һ˼ı飬һŻڵƽϲϲʱȻԣ̧ܲۿ쿴һֱûôƹǸʹСı²ǲǲ̫ϲˡ
Ȼ֪Լϰߡ
ԶЩȵüɵֱӣ𣿡
ҡҡͷܳʵػشûˡ
˵ͷڻش˽ʼʵǸ⣺ҵȷϲǸʹ
졸ŶһûķӦԶЩʵôԭ򣿡
һ£²ǲϲСı㲻ڵǰ
ԶЦһµġ
һŲյһԼϲǸʹԭ
׼ȷ˵Ǹʹɣ䶼ϲ
ѰҲͰˣ˵ڲԭϣһжʵ˵
ԶΪʤɴԼҪǣûҪǡ
ɣȴһ̬Ĺء
ĳʱԽ¾ǴǰĮڻսʱϰߡ
ʱԭʳȱЩ׳ԣԼգҲζŻ˷ǱѷԴ
ȴδɣЩ˷²󣬲ֱɱǽǶһΧɱЩۿȡ֡
Ըֵ˾ؿ޶Լǰ衣
Ҳ⼸걻ˣǲȲȡһԿԵĻ
ԶǸ뵽ǰѻ˵ɳǶһǲòͬ򣬲Ϊʱͺ޲ֱӰ׺Ӷ԰Ⱥ˶ըһɶ
ҪǸɴɣռ˰ɡ
Щ˶²ūûûҹǿ̡
ԶԽԽþ̫ˡ
쿴Ų֪뵽ʲôЩԶСѵ£ʱѾˣλ˹ҲѾЪˣʲô£ɡ
Զԣָֻ˸ոˡ
ֻһ뷨ˡĮܽϾܴӸҧһѾʵѵãʵû˼һȥ
˼ˣ¶һϧı飬ĵ̾˿
ԶĬĬ˼ڸ⡹ԸӦĿж󣬾Ȼûע⵽Ĳյǰذ˸ɾ
״Ҫյ
ԶϽعֵס˽Ĳµҡͷ
ȶҲãǶǻʣ࣬㲻ʼλ͹ȥ⼸ҲûٲģӦҲҪ
һ˾Ӧͬʹࡣ
ԲԶҪһ˾Ը²ΪεؿڵСľֻһ
ԶһźӣһǾ˰ɡ
Զ˯ĵʼ֪һűӣ˿֪ԼղŲҪһζĥ
һҹıը󣬾ô󳷣˵ɽɽС
һըĽʿЩ˵ùʧȥжʿȻҲֱӱ¡
˭֪ը᲻ٴϮЩ˲ֻƽٶȡ
ԽʣıؾԽջ⼸գʱʱͻᴫҰһŭ
ŭһɥʹϢʱǴﵽ۷塣
ΡࡢԶ
պҧԶʱǸģԵױһ
Ӻ޲Ƶġ
㾹ң
ȥҲܴӦܣ
ճʹ˻͵ϵĶˡ
ʹż򣬸Ͻ͵͵һԵֳ
ֳ˿ĵط˻֣ʾȥ
ŭеĸղûע⵽µʹŴһŵھͶɺӣһҪԶܣҪ
ոճʹֵ˸ϽǰŸշŭĿ⿪ڵǧ򲻿ɳ嶯ڳɽԶ˵ļư
һһǣҧ⻰ʲô˼
룬ɽ֮УɽҲóȻɽԶ˵ĽƻһǡҲ֪ܱըĶǺǶҪ
˵˺зִ磬ǵûнȫûĸ˵ڡ
øˣԸ񣬻֪Ҫʲô¡
ҹıը¡
ڷ嶯뷨Ƿ޷޵ҾҪʮú̿ᣡ
ôأе롣
ǰǳը󵽷·췣
ȻôͿõضɽҡĶԼëȻɱ
һˣİ
һ޴ıը󣬾ֻʣ¼ɢĲ֫⣬ĿĽ
ԶȻ˵ǲӦһ䶼һ±ըôǼʹ֪⻰ģֻΪвǣҲֻѡš
ȫİġѹһеʱڳûһܽȥ֤仰αĺ
ԭо仰Сɽڣûա죬أԶҪ󡣵ȵŪըʲô滮Ҳ١
˵ĻǸոǸˣĻȻڸвٷġ
Ȱ˵ĸգ˲١ȻϻǸ޲ýԶɱ֮ģȴҪȥĻˡ
͡˵
ҧȴӦԶ˵ҪĵȻ˲˵
л˵
ԶţҾǻñȽϿ졣


103 
հ, յʹȻԼȴǻһ
˵ԭǸʹ֪ʲôԭ򣬵ڶվͷһ, ڻڲţֻ˹
ʹһ£һ·϶һ߸ϵ̬
ڼԶ֮󡭡
ȻϣʹһԶ, ޿κεشӦʮú̿Ҫ
֮ڡ
Զü,֮Ҽʮú̿Ļ
ɲ֤ը᲻һ
ڵԺԶȫԶδ֮ԡ
ʮú̿
εʹҧأһһʵҪǲе̫ǿˣ
ʮú̿޹أɰڳһ²ؼ, ߸߹ģӦԶҪ
ڵľ, ҲûоܾȨ
˻ԣС
˵ˣúΪɣԴЩǮϢϢء
ԶҪʮú̿ǼֱǴϸһ, һ, ôܲ
𣿡ԶѺ˿ڲ衣
ʹûļ죬洫һƮƮ
Һθأ
ʹֻоԼϥһƵ, ƫƫ޷ֻӲҧš
Զ²յ, 嵶ֲ췴, һҹ֮ڱɾġ
Զ˵ḻ̌, ƫƫǴʵ, ǲƽ, ֱֵ
ǰɫŤһ챻ԼҧˣԼƿڴĳ嶯
һƲԴɾ͵֡
£˺һʹһԼ
λʹڸǰˮˣܿ侲һ£ȻۿΪǿŭźΣѾƽ޶
ԶͶһĵЦſڣûɣĴɽ֮Уټ䲿ǽãǾʹ˻ɣأڵʵǲôɣ
ԳƵвˣʼǱۡҲûа취
һȫÿ꿪ڡú̿ӦԶҪ󣬻ôάԼ
ǣڵ˲ûΪвһǰĻңϸܴǵϷЩСм
ʼֱЦһڵͿνõټ䲿仹ԸԸѰɡ
ټ䲿ŷ˽δ׬׬æµʱ
˵Ҫһʹ·ѣֲסԶֺã۸ֵͣʱǡܴңμ۴ǡһǻȥôһʷã׬ӯ
£Ƿ˲ŻΪһѾû˵ĲԶ
浱ǰѶпܱѣɣ䲻һʱˡ
ʹɣ˵ǻͷڲ֮临ӵĹϵʮ
⻰Ȼһһģһڵȴ¶ѻҲѵġ
Ҳ뷨Ȱ̧ͷɽɽ£˼Լܲƽ뿪
Զ˫΢أⷴĻ˵
Ȼʹңæʲô˼
ϵ˼
ԶһԸ̸ģȥ죬̫ɽǰһı֣Ҳ֤λٸ½Ļڡ
ˣȫˡ
ʹһ߳ʣһǶǵģ
ԶҪƽŭȵɣ㡣
ʲô
ûɸյ񣬷ǲ˸鷳
ô֪ԶȻ˺أǶɽˣǸըôըǣ
벻Щ⣬ֻ֪Լǳô鷳ջɱģ
·߲ȵʹͬԶĴһƬ
ǸʹԱģֱҪ̫ˬڹ˺һ˲ŷӦ
ǵ˵һ仰ʲô˼
ôͲˣ
£ҩͰѵͶɽ֮УըѾ𣿡ȷӦһȵʵ
ȻܡԶشֱ׳
ҩҪըǣͶˣﻹ͸ճƤ
ǡոǻЩɡ
Ȼǿǵġ
Զڰ֣֪Щڵıʲô͵ҹƱգڵúܣǵһμ˾޴ıըոעⲻЩҩͰôġ
ԶɸҩͰǴһ㶼֪
ڱըʱӪһƬǽ壬˭ܷЩķѵƤʵըҩأ
ҩͰǿɱһȫδ֪ġ㲻׵ĶŻޱ޼ʵĿֻš
յľ˵Ǳҩըɾ˵еĿ־ʴɥʧս
˶ǴˣԶһ˵Ǳе˼
ո㲻ҩͰôģټ϶Աըη壬ʹǲûжԲɽʿըҲԶвŲɡ
ȻϵʹתԶ˵ĻյŻŵ̧ͷɽ¡
ԶʲôʱɽϲЩըĶģմʧɫ
ҲҲûõȥһɲսĽʿֻܾҰá
ܿ죬Ǳ׺פǰգǱһֱɽһأǡ
յ̽ӵϢ󣬱׼һս˭룬Էȴ֪ΪͻȻҹ뿪ɽɺӻ䡣
ʱûע⣬ĪʱԶɽ˲
Ϊ˷ֹһըɽŹ׺ӰӪկ
һһƬƽĵʹĳ룬Ҳڵһʱ˻ذȫĵش
Զȷлɽֽźǿɽϵһһľֿɣ̽ûУԼһľٶһͻıը
ڻֱð亹ʹҰԼŭԶ˵ֻ˵Զвҹǰ͸ı֡
˶ʱըĿֻУûעĻңֻΪļע⵽⡣
Ҫ֮ʮֵú̿ԶͻȻǾԵЩˡ
̬ǹ˲϶룬㿪ʼҪôԶ⡣
ûԼʹӹһ٣ǵսľģ¸ͻȻע⵽©
״ϽǰһʾԼóдú̿˸Զ뿪
⻰׷¶һɵı顣ʹƽж̰úܡ
ū޲õʹôͻȻ˴󷽣ȻҪԼú̿׳̫߳ˡ
⵹Ǹİ취ڸԼ˵ǱȽġ
ǮֲԼȻԸˡ
״ʣµļҲԸȵس˵Ѫһֵú̿ԴΪչָԶĳ⣬Լܾ뿪زȥ
һʹһ˾ռһ롣
Щú̿ȥ֪ܻٽʹ۵öѪˣҲұ¶ֺ
ЩǮǺõģŭԶ±շ֣Ǯûˡ
ƾһֵú̿ԶڵͷǩԼŵ²ڵĲøҹµģըǸ
ǩԼĵ죬ԶԸʼ׼ͥ
л˵
СܣսƷؼҿ


104 
, ǲȸճ𣿡ʼ̧ͷʵ
һǴ׾ˣ䱻ɱǹô죿
㻹յľʱǰҵģأɷİɡ
ԶЦҡҡͷһɽķ, ˵գվͻļǧб˻ɽġ
ˣȻҰĲûӦ֧, Ƣָ, ıʿĻҲֻǿ
ƾһˣʲô
ʼ㶵ءŶһȻǽԶ˵, תȥΪմͥ׼ȥˡ
Զ֮żͥ, ˸߷ʲô⣬һҪԭǾǴеʱѳԭԤƵ֮á
˵ճĹ½̨ҲȽϷģǷʲôͥǱҲһһʱԼ, Զ⼸Ծɹѡ
ϾǱߵĽеؼ׶Ρ
һۡʾ, ѽֳ·Ȼ, ټбͨݡ
ͨһƣܾտԵֵĮˡ
ʱ, ԶһҪͥġ
ͥʱ, ǱʱһҩͰԭ, ԻѵʱԭȻ˰ա
ΪԶʱԸ, ˭, ԼԲڴ͵ɻؾˣ֮󣬻üװ첡
յͥ⼸Զһֱ鷿鿴̨ÿռ¼ڹĶľ˼𽥺תϷ롣
ڵȵܳŵʱԶ߾յһ԰¶ļӼż
˵⼸ɽʱִüҪǰ̶ܵӶȴ
Ϊɽ䣬ҪôĵҪôľͲͣȹߡ
¶ţǵɽӰغݵĲԶҪҪǰɳʵľӡ
ԶźüǰһʶżıԵһ˼⡣
ʱƵ
ʱʪȴ󣬵ʼʱصƳҩͰʱ䣬»ҩ˳ʧȥá
⼸ֵĮ꼾ˮḻɽҹ²ִȷʵд֡
Զ֮ǰûע⣬ڱ¶һѣŷִоš
ܲӵоٶȴֱɽʧ˷򣬶ǰսĽʿǴӰ졣
ԶźһֱĬһԵĴ̨̲סʵ£ʲô⣿
ԶŽĽ죬ݸ̨ŤͷһԵĵĸʵǴǰо;һô죿
ͷ˼һŻشг쵽ǰд󲿷ʱѡ·СΪоʧ򡣡
ǲĵأԶʡ
ĵĻſڵǱɳһ·̽·Ȼ;ñǣں˳űоһоٶȱ١
巽򣬿ɻЩԶ˼
䲻֪ڴҪα򣬵شܱټеͼĻ·Ŀܱ󽵵ͣҲӰоٶȡ
ˡԶ˵ͷ
ą̇̄ż㿪ʵ¿а취б򣿡
Զı鲢żֻ̨Ѿ˶Ըµİ취һڴԷ
Զ֮ǰԸ£Щԥؿ򸱽оʱѵָʾĶ𣿡
ǵֶָͳ˰
սʱ˾ϣôȴһûйӡ
ԶǵԼƼģʿйųֵĴƻ
Ͼһƽĵطһûָ룬ʯûбأ
ڣ粢ûԶ֪ǸŴƫ̫࣬һ±ʵ˵Ŀָϳ
Զɻصͷ
ⲻ˿Ա˾ôڴ·أ
ǿԶɻ󣬴̨͵ָ֪ϳĸͷӴּأɽоЯֻҪڻǻĮʱŻָϳ
ԶڹŴָӡͣں˸ԭǸһзλķ̺ͭεĴʯɵ˾ϡ
Ǹûʵָϳ֪˾ûʲôϵ
̳״ĴʯεĵײСĦͬʱģһ㹻⻬ƽ棬Ӧõȷָʾ
ԶǾãǰѴʯƳӵ״ҪǿĴʯһҪķѴĥĹʵǲ㡣
Ǵá
˼ˣ׼˲ٴʯùƳһ롣
ǰȴײ֪С˶ٱĴ룬Զ⡣
һֱӰװڻУ֪˶١
ܿ죬Զʶһ⡣
һֱӹϵָܷɹ⡣
Ǿβܽˮƽת
ԶͻȻ𣬺ָǰѿָʾĴʯƳεıƬȻڵһϸ룬֧ĴƬתġ
Ѵʯĥ״Ҫôܰأ
ԶǰͷһϸĴ룬ѵ˳Ĭ
ָ̫
ԶָʱʶΡ
תĴ뻹ôָԶһʱЩãȻ
ʱ䶼ý˴ĥˣƷԭȵ඼˷˲˵ҪǣǵʱҲһˡ
Զ׼һùǼӽεĴƬһ˼еĴôá
֮⼸ܰ׷ѣ
ڹǼӰӵָʱԶҲͻȻġϪ̸¼˼ָ
Ҫַ
һ־ˮˮĸˮ棬ָʾ򣬺ͺǺʱõ̵ԭơ
ڶֺ͵ַȽƣǽһȽϹ⻬ĵطָʾָ׸ǻϡ
ַԶڵһʱųˡ
ҪΪְ취Ȼôǲ㡣
һ£ڴо;УҪҸƽ޷ĵطͳһڴô
ҪһСģݴȥôСһ뻹֪ܲҵ
ԶǸ;ͷְۡ취ָʾķҲ׼ȷ
һҲȽƳķǾڴмճһϸĲ˿ڿָʾ
취׼ȷȻԣͬҲ̫ʺоʱʹáһδ绹Ҫָʾأ
Įǳ̬
ھֻܼϣڹٶȺˮˡ
Զͼϻˮ̵ʽһƽм䰼ݵԲ̡
ʱмʢˮٽˮˡǵо;ˮһ͸ĸӡ
֮ǰԶ͸ǼʦѾ˲ٴĥˮƬľ飬ĥһ򵥵ƽ澵Ҳ̫ʱ䡣
ȻˮǰЩǵ죬ָ뻹ƲĻԶҲֻ֧ԮƷʼѵˮˡ
֮ݵĽʿǳǰָƳ
⼸ĳƫʱʱʹ˵ôǾԶڴŹָ롣
ΪʲôǵȻΪԶһ纮裬ÿ챼֮䡣
ңټһĮֻʣԶһסˣĵطҲǿţֹ䡣
л˵
ԶǰĺڲǺڣ˵ָ벻롣
죬˾ûʵǲǸ׶˵


105 
ڹí˾, δָھǰ˳
ԶûʡǼƷʼѵˮ
ҪΪ֣֧Ƴָ룬ٲڶǶһ͸ӡ
Ͼǽ뱩¶, пܾо;ˡ
Զһƴָϸ꣬ǵļպܺã˷λϵĿ̶ûкָϸ⣬Ѿ޼ˡ
ȷ˷û, ˰ȥ˸
Ϊʱ, ʱֻüƳָ롣
һݵľʹ⣬һͥԱʱ֮裬һ, ˵õϡ
õָĵڶ죬ݵľӾͰԭƻ·̳
ڲϸͼ, ˱ָ룬˵Ǵɽ·̵ɳĮǶҴһ
زӺ󣬱ĳƫûоʹͣ
Զû˰¶˵, ̶ӻΪľͲ䡣
Įһ̶, α򣬴ڲԭߵ·, Ǳ޵Ŀγ̡
Τһҵ̶֮˷٣ܴһԭǶż˼, Įһĵλġ
ͨûϤĵε, пܱʧããĻҰС
Ҳ谭Įطó׷չԭ֮һ
ָ, ĸʱ󽵵͡
ΪʱľͲ̶Ҳԥˡ
ֻȻʯѵ, ָּ, ǿ͸ˮӾͲһ˸ġ
ʱֳǼְ취ˡ
Ǽְ취鷳鷳˵㣬һ⣬ҪʲôɱѰ˼Ҳܸ
нǰָ뻹Ϊðɣƹ㻹Ҫ⼸ֵͳɱķΪ
Զй̨Լдļּװָ͵¶ͻȻ𣬴Լûн
æͿˡ
ԶʳָԼͷ
̨һ̧ͷͿһΪԶ⼸æָûϢãͷ緢ˣæʵôˣͷۣҪҪܴ
ԶƵʷʵ˼ŷӦҡҡͷ£ֻˡ
˵꣬Զһߣһ߿ڵҪȥƫָĹ￴Ҫһȥ
̨˵ͷ첽ϡ
һ·ϣ̨ЩԶ壬ʱʱһֵǵ͵͵ԶЩݵıӰ
ԶʱʱͶĿ⣬ЩεذѴ̨еߣ͵ոֻôƳ˹ʯ嵱û⡣
̨Զ鲻αûͷ۷
һأע⵽Զոջ˼æʵ˵ʯ˹Ƴɣ
ĴʯȻĿʯ䲻ʯһ󣬵Ҳʯһ˵
̨ڲٹԼ״Զһ˵ͷȻǿԵġ
֪ˡ
ԶѾʵشˣ̨㲻ٶԣĬĬԶָƫ
ˣ
һţһʮҵĹܳԶ㱨⼸յĹȡ
ʼָ붼Ѿ˳ȥǲûоʹͣǼš
Ͼⶫ˭ⶼõϣ౸һЩܹ鲻ǻ¡
ȥȡǿĴʯбƬͼԶԵ˷Ը
Ȼ֪ЩʲôڶԶݵľһĻûʣҪĶ
Զ֪ԼһȲЩרҵĹûԼ֣ǽ潳ˣǴԼ
ʱ˹ŻҪ֡
һõشŸӦԭƬβһ״Ȼûպ죬ͷϱߣβ򱱱ߵķˮС
һ˵ųƬڲ˳ŵųķУӶﵽŻĿġ
ˮУΪ˼ӿƬĽٶȣٹ̶ڲӵС
ڽƬˮʱһСɣǱûˮʱβ͵Ĳ΢бƬĴ
һ̽Ƭͱָġ㡹
ڶַǺʲôȤζСʵ֣ôʯĥ룬ҲĦŷ
ԶǰʱԼ˾һĿŮʵ顣
ַԶýһ顣
֪Ƭԭ`򣬻ĸ⣬ǰһַ޼ƬǴȴķ˲ٹ򣬿Ĵ㻹һֽ򵥴ĥЧá
ԶĦŵķָ롣
ϾַУûʲôѶȣһʡʱ䣬ʺϴƹ㡣
Ȼְ취Ҳһŵķգȴǵǰ뵽ЧáĮյķˡ
˳ʱ౸
ȷְ취кԶͷ̨ʵոտɿḶ́
̨Զɷһ㣬һָͨʾС
ԣһ䡸ȻڴʯĦһָʾϱǲ˼项żæŵػشˣҿˡ
Զ˵ͷûĽͱԸȻˣͰŸ¶죬ӹָ󣬰÷̶ӡ
ǣľͲǶûôԴĴʯ
뵽ԶֲǵðõļʯҲһĹȥ
ϾʯĺûἫ̶ӰƳĴȻҪѡǿĴʯС
ľͲ䣬Զǰ죬ΤһƷ׼ȥϱ߷
ⱼҲʮҪָ
Զĥ˹ŻĽˣʵⷿѾƺõָ룿
йĽæ˵ĿǶˮ֣
ԶͷӦеģǸü¿ҪãСȥȡ
ԶʾȥתԸ̨˳Ҳ¶ͶΤ͹ȥƽõϡ
ԶԼŵ󷽣ȻΤֻһ̷ΪҲǰ˲ٵæ
֮ǰΪ˲ĴǺðհ̽Ӹ˹ںµ۲صϢԶΪء
صˣһָˣٹصĶҲ͵
㶨ָֻʣճҪ
һԶȻǾܾҪ̧ع顣
ﻨļڣȻǰɵģķ羰ȴ
ԶһŻ԰ʱʱһŲԼȥ
̨Ȼ˹Żżʮֺ棬ΪԶԸҪ죬ҲûƫǸԶȥȡ¶żȵһͳ
һ·ϣֻԶ󲻷һԣֱǰ˻ֺĹʱ˺ܾƵģ£ܷ񶷵һ⣿
һμԶʱʣһֱжˡ
Զ鸴ӣһʱҲ֪Ҫʲô˵ͷʲô⣿
ָָ̨Ļƣٷɿ죺ǽϵͼڻ˭̵İ
쵽·Ƶġ
Զһͷˮҡͷ
ⲻͨװõĻѵʲôɣ
л˵
Զܵ᣺֪Ϊʲôһ


106 
̨ϸһ¾Ӧ֪
ϾԶߵʱҲ, ûԶһķ˼ϡ
оֵֹֹģ֮ǰרǹԼ, ظͶ
̨Ҳֻڱ͵͵߶䣬ǰʡ
򲻸ҵġ
ԶһֱĬţʵʲô𣿡
̨͡ɵԼвĵڶ죬µʱ, ԷԼǸ
ѾߵĻת˸䡣
ûʲô, ͦ͡ÿġ
ԶܵʶԣԼûб˻شϰߣڴӦһ䡣
ֻߴ̨һ, ԼĮ̡
֪ǽϵͼڻʲô˼𣿡Զ״Ʋʵ
ϸһ£ȻʮãȻҡҡͷ
Զ̶ġ˵ûһ, ǽ
һҪôǼк׾죬Ҫô֮ǰڿܵĵط
ּ֮ĮɫͼĻرϤ
ԶҲʶԼʴˣһãȻ̴ˡ
ҲʲôҪ飬Զʲ𰸣Ͱ¶Ժ, ֻŵȽʲôʱⷽʱ, ˳ʾС
ΪҪ֪Ҫȵʲôʱ֪ʱȴ, ֻһҹԶɹĹ
ԴҪ뿪ͥ˵
ܵΧϱָʨΪèĴѾǸʨˡ
ȻͷǷ۷۵ɫ, ζûȫ, ⿴Ѿܻ, ȥŻٰա
Ϊʲôڻûַ, ȫΪ, Įİն֪Զһֻúʨ˵ͽ˶ͨԣˡ
ȥİʱԶڳԭҰ֡
ͳ档
ͨԣȴֻԶ׽ƽֻտӳסУǳտԶҪһġ
Զǰʱȥ䴦յңһ߾ʮ֮á
ϴԶȥѩɽнʱʱѴٴɽˣգȴʵʵʮûмԶ
ˣԶ˰Ѵٽӹͥǰϴָͣ
СʱĴ٣Ժڻνײ軨ݡ
ѾǸؽٽĴˡ
ôһ֣ѻϵһײһᡣ
ƫƫ۵ǸֻҪһԶһ̧۾ܿȱһ顣
ԶǺЦ˴ټƣнɹĹ
ǸٶȺܿ죬Ҳʲô⣬Զֱ޲ûǨӱԺһ̡
űƻһָԭԶŴٵĶ䣬һʰߵĹ⴦ʱҲģ
ΪԶĴط⣬һӱ㽩ֱӣص£С˸ġ
ŶԶһص˵ͷ
ǰ˲ûйԼ˼ɵشŵʵʲô⣿
Ҳûʲô¡Զ˶٣ֻЩǽϵĻʲô˼
⻰ش¿ܲǺǽϵĻĮһͼڣ겻һࡣ
ЩһŵǣʲôǱʲôб⡣
ڣûвһڡֻΪʲôԶסĹʡ
⻰Զ˳Ŵٱëָ΢΢һ٣ĵҲĻ𣿡
ʵѾԼ˴𰸣һ룺һĮɫأ
Ǿϲ
ȻûСҲûشĻֻǵʸõġ
ģᣬд˽ǰɣ
Զɫ䣬ȴѾ˼ǧִȨλķ
ʱ˵ʲôš
ԼλҪԼסĵط
ȥɣֻȥι١
ڸܵղԾ˳ɵزһ䣺Ǹʱ̫Ҳͼڡ
ϵĸԭʲôš
Ӧ̫ûɣ͵͵˲޵ĺ顣
ˣȥɡ
Զ˲Ͼ˳νϵ⣬˰֣нЩˡ
ľҲôһˡ
ʼ̳λ󣬲Ϸ¹󳼱δ壬޵Զʱá
˲Щ߰Ļͼڡ
ΪʲôڻԶסš
ƾֻԶǧ֪֮ˡԶֻΪԭ
ֲ̨ʱôŹ֣ҲǿЩͼڱԢ⡣
ʱΪԼֶΣȴ룬Ȼһ㺬塣
Ϊ£Զںյǰߵۡʱûʲô𿪵
ôЩ֪롣
ѵǵϹͨݵٶ̫ˣ
Ӧðͨݵĵѹֻ˰µʱ䣬ѾǷ۵糸ٶˡ
͵͵Զı飬ѵЩãȻ
ȥϢɣʱˡԶг˼䡣
ڴ̷ûʲô޵ģԴԴϵغ㹻ݲһ̴ʵ㲻ϼѡ
ĵķҪԼ£˺еƽա
Զ֮ǰյݱ󣬱㳹Ъ˹ǵ˼
ֻһͨݰˣڼƻ֮ڵ顣ʲôʱ˻ᾩԶܲŻм־ȡ
ӦС죬ԶյԺ̩Ϣ
һżֻЧϢ
һµۼݱ
Լĵ֧˻λ
Ӧڲ֮󣬺̩ܽܵľȶ
ʱ򣬹ƾҪĮˡ
ϾСսܻĮ˽ƣߵʱ
ʮݿɲһСĿٴȥԶѼҵͿ˴롣
;Ͳ֮ǰܣءïʱǰˡ
ʱļƻǽǹ黹ܣԷڱ߾Ӽе㡣
֮ľĳǳع黹ܣҲǴڶ෽
ҪıΪʵ㲻ʲô֮أʹĮİͼҲʲôֵ
αǿǵĮϰϵĲ죬ټм仹һƬڣǵİպ뵽Įȥ
ʱĮڲҲ̫ƽƽѶȣ罫黹ܣЩʵڵĺôû㡣
ΣԶȴٽѾռĵطˡ
ڵĮѲҪǿпĻвܻȡԼҪԴͨһػŹպֲʳ޷Ըȱݡ
֮ŵĴƬҰԶҲʲô⡣
ͨ·ٵ޺֮;չ򣬲꣬Щط׹Į
ڽǰӦܺ͵̡
һᵢա
ڽ궬ѩɽǰͽͨԶĹٵ޺ãǻܺͰһס
ţ⡢ΡëƥһĻﻻȡǸʳ˴˶ܹڡ
ɽһصͼùԶ彭Ը
ȻѾǰ϶ˣڱ㿪ʼ滮صĹٵ
һȵǩԼ󣬱̿ʼ
л˵
ϸǲ֪ˡ
СͬѧھǲģΪĮϹʱǾѾںСǿϴδй檡ˡ


107 
Զڿʼ滮ĮͶԶǵĹٵ, ȫǽϵĻԺֻżȡʱ߻᲻ѹһڹһżϡ
ÿۡĶһױʣīǳһ, Ӧдһʱе鼱һҪֻܴҴҷеıʡһϲŻּɫּͬ
ʱôһ䡸ΪҪȥһ, Ƭ̡Ļ
һ, ںӱϴ·һֻҧһڵĹ£ǷֲŽꡣ
ʮż, һⲻ, ϲ
Զ˵ʱβܱһ̬ˡ
ҹʲô𣿡
̨ڿԶʱ˲Ƭ̵顣ҪԶԶǽͼһ¡
ʵһﲻ𰡣
ԶΪǼ¶ԷǰǼһ, Ĭصݸ̨һͼֽ
ǣ
̨һɻؿеͼֽ, Ƭ̺΢΢ü¿Ǵ޽ܵĹٵ
ͼɽһĵ, ڴ̨˵ϡɻĵڣ·˵ǱƷ, ҪͶȴ١ԶڼҪ·, ֮ǰ˵ġһĮҪú꡹Ļƺȫ㣡
Զȴϵ̨⸱Ӧһ, ̾˿ոյĻһ, ԶѾܵĵؽˡ
ӶԶ, ڶĮĵط
̨ЩԶô˵һʱ䲻֪ηӦЩص˵ͷ
㿴ЩطİʲôݣԶʵ
Щԭˡ̨ʶڣûü֯Ա㱻Զˡ
㿴ԭˣֻҪĵطĮİͼǾĮĳеİղ޲ͬ
̨Ҫȴεط֣Զ˵ĺȷʵȷġǻ㡲һڼʮǰҲĮڲҲ³аĮԾ
һ룬ƺΪԭˡȷʵмֲʡ
Զ̨ͷ˼Ҳ˵̨֪ǸˣԻ˼
֪ڴ󲿷ﶼǺʹ̨һ뷨ʹ̩ͨһضĮ˵İǲͬġԭˡԭҲԡĮˡݲʲôͬС
ֻԶ֪ͬжôҪ˫໥ϽɣôͨһؾԶĮìҲδ֪
Զʼһ˺ƽҲǳһ㡣
ܹʮʢת˥ӣ⼸ӵķصĸ˰ۣñ߾İҲÿ಻ԡ
Զͨһصİչøһ㣬ܼĮںϵĻҲʱһɫ
ͨһس׹ĮȱҪı̨Щ˵Ĺ
һһԭˡȻǲеġڴ̨ҲѸԶ˼
䲻ʲô壬ȻԶ˵ǰЩ˶Įĳ񿴴̨һհ졣
ϾԶ˶Ŀõģ϶ҪԶķԸ̨Υ֡
ǵ޽ٵҲΪ֮Ĺϵ̨һ˲丣飬·⡣
ǡԶһӿɽҲ飬ֲңͨһҲʳҲҪǵʳΡţ⡣
ж͡Ѹɡԯ硢ëƥ
ĮණǰǵƷһٵռóƵγܾںϡ
֮ǰǹĶҲֱӽͨһء
ԭİղԭ㹻ţƻƽܼǣ֮ǰԶͿǹեɵĶܣѣֻա
ǽͨһأõصİ֬ʳã׬һʡ
ھ͵Ⱥ̩ǱͣһƬطʽǣԶܿʼʩԼļƻˡ
ǵ¿ҪھͿʼ׼·õĶ֪Զ·Ĵ̨ɿڵ
ĮǱ˳Ļ̩Ӧ±ͣٵ³ܿʼ·ˡ
Զһʱ䣬Ը̨ȥһˮ⼸㿪ʼľͲˮɡ
һʡһһˮʮʱ䡣
Ḷ́кڻҩɱ·Ǹʡʱʡ
̨ȴߣվԭʵ»ʲôԸ𣿡
֪ԶֻΪһ£ϲԼרŹһ˵ġ
Ȼ̨㿴ԶͼԼ֮ǰڿٲ԰ʱǸɽʿ츺𹤳̽ȣȵ·»ƵɽܣҲ̫ʡ
ȥ괺죬޽ˮһϵˮʩ޽³ʱԶͷ⡣
ĮûרƹܴµĹΪʱڸ£˾ֻʱ˼ա
Įķչ½١ֲÿζԶˣһרŵĲƹҵԵüޡ
̨ͼֽҲǸ⡣Ҫ·Ҫǵģܲһֱõ²ٳšĮҲʱһרƹܸ̽Ĳˡ
ֻĮδйµĹ̨Щԥؿڡ
˵Զӹְʲôã³ǵĹҲĿƶѡ
ֻĮ֮ǰûƵĹְζûжµˡǰֻһˣƹܣԶҪľˮ̵˲Ҳƥ䡣
óȻһƹܹ̽ĹҲǸʲôУпܰԶˡ
̨ĵ
Զ֮⣬̨ĵǲ޵ԼҲһȫµĲŲһ͡
˲ܹҪġ
Ȱ֮ǰѡ³ǵĹپһ԰ɣܲѡЩⷽ츳ԶԼҲЩ
ҲֻܼϣĮز¶˲ˡ
⵹Ǹð취
̨һϲɫص˵ͷ³ЩĹ۸лǺܲģȻڡѡΡвڴ
ֻǿҪЩʲôأͻȻʶһµ⡣
ϴεĿԣԶûԸֻһµ̣ڿϸ˵ԼĽ󣬱ȫȨƹˡ
Ҳ⣬»˼εĿ˾Ҫˡ̨һؿԶŵ¸ԼһЩϵָ㡣ϾҲһ۲۵С
ǣԶûлشԼЩϷʵطʵⲻѾ𣿡
̨ãȻգۡ
¸ô֪
⸱㯵ģɹЦԶЦһȻָָͼֽǿ⣿
˵ҰɽͼǣȻԼһٵΪ𣿡̨Լ˼Զ˼
״ԶЦŵ˵ͷԴ̨ķӦٶʮ⡣
һμӿԵǷ˽·֪ʶһĿȻˣ̨һƵ
й滮ˮ跽˲ţԶͲˡ
οѡγⷽ츳ˣֻ֮ҪѧϰЩ֪ʶٸʵΣҲڵҪ
л˵


108 
ʵԶһֱ, ĮڵĹƱҲвҪĽĵطȫƷؽĻ鷳ȴľˮ, һڡĲų
Ϊ㣬ҲһǸĸƵʱűֱӲοĹְá

, ҪҪȥľͲ䰡
ɽǶ, ͻȻӣսһԴʵ
, ׯĲҲ˼֦͵Ľ׶Ρ
εļ֦Ҫ޼˵Ĳ֣Ʋ֦Ҷ, ٽ֦ѿȷӷ֦á
޼ժ֦ҲҪ㹻֪ʶ;顣ЩطüЩطһĹء֦Ӧзʡˮȷϡ
ĶͺͺҶĲأһ漰ٵרҵ֪ʶû˸Դ
ȻԶҲûֹ裬ΪǰͲٲׯⷽ, ǱȲϤٵġ
Щ˶ǵһμ, ԶİѼ֦½ǡټܵսҲβ׶ΣûʲôҪĵ, ˵ѩɽԶż֦Ĺ̡
Ϊԭ, ֦ͣһ, Զڴ, Ųׯʱ¼, ͬƷֲ
, Զ²ӣʾʵȥľͲʲô
һȻϲҪʦس𣿡
ԶӦһ²⻰ʲô˼ĴڻͥǰᾭľͲ䣬ֲʲôСѵʦسҪȥӭӵ
ǵԶı֪Զ̬ˣЩεͷ׼ԼղŵĻҲ䣬һЩ䵭ڴ
֪ˣæ꣬ʱüҾȥľͲӭӻؼҵĽʿǡ
ҪȥһΪʶؽӻ
˵ʲôһ᲻صĿ
ǸϽס죬ڨڨЦһ£ǸңҸԼҪæȲŵˡ
Զû˵ӦҲû˵Ӧż¼˻ӣǸϽͷ˴ʡ
ҿոңȻһߵ¶Ҹˡ
Ϊĵǣһ᲻Ϻ͵¶˵Ĺϵġ
ǴŹ˵Ľ뿪Ӫء
ﻹһԵĲ壬ŻڴŰӵԥԥԶʵĮʦسֻ·ľͲ䣬;ֱɽͥ𣿵ôҪרôһˣҲ鷳ġ
Ϊò뵽ǰڲʱ峤ĸױڽʿǻصһվӭӡ
ÿθ׿վϣ°ڱ紵ĸʱرˣǰȥȻĸױȥ
⻰򲻸˵ڵģֻĬĬ߶䡣
Զһ£ãڵҪʼ޴ľͲ䵽ԶǵĹٵˣҲ̫ģ˳ȥ
ԭȻصͷ˳ǴԼ̫ࡣ
ôºֹϵأ
ԶǼ⣬Ĳӵݸ壬ȥׯĸ˰ɣ⼸һҪǵùעʪȣһֻˮ࣬Ҫˮ
ϽӦһ
ӹӵʱʶӵĺȣȻһȵʵôĲӣô㿴𣿡
Զûʲôءšһ
¾ȥŵˡ
ȥɡ
뿪ﻹ߶šܹŲʱ¿ٶȿ찡
ʵֻһ·ˣҪԹȥأ
ԶŲӵֻ֣ͷЦһ
Ĺһ䲻˵м䶼͸¶˼֣ûʱ·ϣֻΪ̤ƬصĵһʱܿԼҲʮֵðˡ
æ⼸죬ʰͥɡԶ򴽣ŽԸ

ǰľͲʱѾʮ֮ˡ
;У̩ҲĮͣĵطǣͬʱ˻ַѺԼ
Ȼ֪ĺƽЭάֶãĿ֮ļڣĮܵı߾սˡ
ΨһԶȵıǸ˵Ȼûгû١
Ϊˣˡ
䲻֪ʲôʲôԹͷһֱ̲Ϊ롣Ϊ˲塢ԼһС
оԭѾͷִĿ֡
֮ǰ£񶼲һӱ£ԵЩѰˡ
ѵͷ̵ǮûˣԶü²
֮ǰ֪ڲ˲С⣬ȻͲһ棬Լȥܵӻˡ
ҵ֮ôΪ˲֮⣬ҲӪҪԭ
ѵ̶˰ɣ
ԶѵЩֻдһŸƵ𣬽н˹ȥ
ܿ죬յĻšԶϣĲΣȷʵѾʮϾĵز
нĲ⾿Ȼµġ
£ʲôôģЩɻʵ
ԶЦҡҡͷûͷûβ˵һ䡰ҵû뵽һصǼȻ̴Ƶͷϡ
ıãȻԶŷţԭ
˽ⱵľǺһصĲ䣬ںƳʱԶɷʳΣЩ˸ǽԭ
ֻ֮ǰǴԭ˽Į򷽺ݣǰԭˡ
ܵгҲ޵ģܷεľѹеһ˱ĿͶơ
ǡΪƣְμ˲٣Įαʮ˳ؽƵг
ƵĸͲΣԱ߾Ĺܿظɢ¸سǵʿ󣬼۸ߵαƴͨ
ƫƫвˮ̣һʹӪ治ԣһʱȴҲ˿
ƵعϡҪԴһ࣬ڹӪʳֱԶ֮нңɲ̶ˡ
ڷƲǰƵƵº󣬾ֱӳûһͣƫƫҲûа취
֪Լı˵ü˳ĺԶ֮ļ鶼ʮá
һ񾭴İ¶ˣǰ·ʱ͵͵е̴Ӵԭ
ٴ̤ľͲԭԶڵһ˶ʮ־ȡ
û뵽̶꣬ľͲ侹Ȼ˿Ƹͷһľ޴仯
˲ԭϵȴǰඥ⣬ﻹֲֽţӹȴССʮм仹кüģľ¥ᣬΪ̷׼ġ
İգſȥҲǰ˲٣ɫҲ󡣼ԶһˣΧ˵Щ黰вϽܻԼУȡʹϹԶǰݵġ
ԭϵûôϲıҲֱҡϲԶҪΧߣԼе
ԶҲȾЦеغ˵ŻŤͷʾ⽭ѰǵݹʻϹ¡
ȵ˰¶Ϊ׼Ĵʱ˵ǽ죬ŵʮ̴ӣﶼģɴ˿ɼľͲİֶϲԶˡ
л˵
ͬѧ󵨵㣬ǾֹϵѾܽӽˡ


109 
࿵߽ʱ, ԶоǰĽʲôƷ֡
ˣԶеĽһʾ⽭࿵, һʵôˣ
࿵Զϴ뿪ľͲǰָȥţӹˡ
һͳ졣ȻȽ˲мЩ㣬ȴʮϸ, ţڵĹģ, 벻Ŭ
˴ʣ࿵Զ˸񣬲, ؽ͵˵ľͲ䣬Ͻ, û뵽ϻһûڵһʱ¡
ԶЦŰ˰֣ǱߵľҲأֲֻľͲһ죬αôż
࿵Ц, ﶼ˵, ˭ٶһ죬ڵһʱԶ
ʱôԶԼûʲôҪ, һ裬˼ҳ
еµĸ, һжá
࿵·ϵ, ͻȻʲôƵ, ڵ¿ɻǵ֮ǰŵǧֻ𣿡
Զͷ, Щνӡ̡
ʱֽɻ˸ܵ, û뾹ȻǧֻʱΪ֪δǶ˺ü졣
ӦѾɱ˰ɣԶʵ
Щǳ˵Ĺ򣬼ʹţҲӡԶʹë⡣ڶëͥȱë󣬱ö࿵дǵȥ
ɱ˲١
࿵˵ͷֲ֮Ǯĸ򣬽Сᣬ㣬˲أ
ԶôҲû뵽ЩȵüʵҼǵòİնû򰡣ô⻻ôǮأ
࿵Ȼ˵СǶȻûĸ򣬵ľͲ䲢ûʲôгҪȻԶҲΪЩȥ·ˡ
֪࿵˶٣׼ԵɣЦ˵ô⣬˵µĸ
Զգգۣϵıɻ𽥶˼ãȻô֪¶Լйأ
˵࿵еĲյ֮ǰͰ¶˵ҪľͲ佨ܵʲôóġ
˶ٺ󣬶ſ֮ǰʲô˼Ǻԭ̿ԽԽ࣬дǧ֮ĽϹġҲʼǵƷ˺²˵µǻ˼
Զ΢΢ףʾ˵
ԽԽ࣬Ҳ˲ٿ¥֪¸ոûп
ҵע⵽ˡԶʱȺĳ
࿵һͷĮİջãЩԭˣʮа˸Įţʲôζ
ԭôһ¡ԶءŶһ
ɫ׵ġִȥʱҲһҪɫ
ֻıɫݴר׿͵İˣȲϲľ¥ԭ֭ԭζͯۡ
ֹˡ࿵ЦҡҡͷͭĳԷסЩԭˡԹһεĶ޲ҪԵڶϣ
ԼգϲúܡһľͲԭˣ˲жҪ˳·ȥͭ⡣ΪһٻƳг̵˿ɲ
Զһʱ侹Щ֪˵ʲôáû뵽ԼһʱͭȻôӰ졣
ͭܵô˵ĻӭԶ˺һ󣬲ĬҲͦĵġ
Ҳ֮ϲˡ
ԶЦҡҡͷ˵ȹٵ޺ú󣬻ܷչԭɫҲδ֪
ˣǾٽ̴һʳɡԶ
ʲôʳ࿵۾һ
һʱͭôܻӭµĳʳֻɲܳԵζ
е⣬һ㡣Զͷһ鵰̣Ȼڶ࿵ڴĿУص˼Ҫ׼Ĺߡ
࿵Ͻȥ׼¶͸һ˷ܺȲ
ȽŲ㣬ȴ߳ͳƵĶ࿵սѰɻǵ٩ʵ࿵ҪȥøƨƵġ
֪Щʲô࿵ʮֲмƲƲ죬׼ʲô
ںѺĿУһͲ㣡
٣ˣѰеĶˣڶ࿵棬ҵҪ·Ըʲôˡ
˰뿪С˶ɡ
һߣԶȴԴ˼һ¡
֮ǰͥһ͵ĵ⡣ѵãɱͣʺͨ¥ƹ㡣ˣԶƻ̸ǲ㵰ߵ
˼ƷʱͻȻԼǸ͵⣬ƺϲӡ
ϾǸⶼ˷ʳð㶼ʣˡ
ǡսʤؼҡ
Զ˼ת÷ɿ죬ǲǿĵӭӹĽʿأ
Ͻ˽죬ԸľͲչţԽԽãȻں˵һ
Ϊûгţ϶ǻŻġ˱Ҫôʱ䣬Ȼǰţ͡
Ȼףʿƽǵ⵱ȻԽԽԽáԶһװһ˸ߵܡ
ܹ㣬ǴӴСеḷ̌õ͵⡣м𵽹̶á
ԶƻܺҪģߺĨҲûС
ҿ֮ǰľͲ滮ţӹΪ˲ԶƵе࿵ŹӶ˲ľճά
ҪȻļƻ͵ΪҲ㹻ĹҪ޷ڴľͲǰɶ̥С
ͼֽԶͿʼ˼һ¡
ǾǣΪףսʤӭӻؼҵĽʿǶģǲȴǴ׵ɫô˵ɫܹе㲻̫
ʱûпʳõɫء
Զ˶ڱϣ˼ʲôȿʳãȾɫûζֲ
ȥԶĿСɽһһĹϹϣǸոհġ
ոǸ֪ƷֵĽԶע⡣ȥãԵ̴С£ֹӵ֭ˮȾɫմϣϴþòϴȡʱǧСġ
ⲻҪԶһǡȻСһų˳ζ
ɿڣ֭ˮӯȾɫ͵ζһ㡣
Զæ̴ѯֹӵԴ̴˵ϱ߹һӵĲԶвֹӣʱ׷æȥ̴˵Ǹطժ
ڶԹţĹ߻ûѧϰİȴѾԼʱˡ
ԶķȻҲȫѵģѧϰˣպҪȥæڰ˵Զ˾ٻǺˡ
Ͼѧļӵһõգ˵ıǹϸԣѡ
ЩͭĵңĸǹųԴӡ
ˣվԶǰİգǼͷ֮׵Ȼ˵ˣ֮ҲľͲİջṫѧһ죬ͱ˶ռһȻ
˵ܴͨԼĥǽǳԴˡ
л˵
ϣ⣬ףʿսʤ
ʵϣĳĳϲԵӡ
ժԡ˫ȷ÷Զ


110 
, ԶʾʱЩ˶ޱ棬ɴ۾, ´κһϸڡ
ѧƷ˻صУԼǰΧˣϢġ
ŵ, ¶ѧ˵ʲôһչʾչʾ¡
˵һֱͭóԵĳʳϡ
ļٵģ
һصļаү, Ļƣ˹ܲ˳
ǿɲУ
˽ŵ˸Ͻҡͷ, ̧쿪Լߵˣ˵Ҫѧ, ͵ȼ졣Իṫģڿɲܸǡ
һԼԺȥһүͣǶӲ½˵ˣΪӭӻؼҵĽʿǵ, ڰ, ǲʡ
ӭӽʿǵģүĶӼ򣬵ͷĶ, ȷʵǰԡ
ϣȵϴĮʿ, ǴܳԵ·˼״, ͣ², ˵
зݣ־ϲʵ
Ȼ࿵˵, ʲô, ֣ͬ˸һˮۣ˵
ֲ²˼ҪĳʳʲôɢȥһԿĴڴ
˵ȷʵԶļƻУÿն׼һС鵰⡣
Ȼֻǰƴһ飬Ҳһˡ
һĵȻǲֵģ˳˵⣬ǵ컹Ҫǧͨĵ⡣
˵߿ǰƣô൰⣬;͵úüʱԶǰգù˺üҡ
ټϹæĻ⼸ϰ飬Ϥ˵ʮʦҪȻôĵ⣬治һڴﲻͲǰɡ
գ컹δΪʱĵļ¥Ժæµ
ȥŻ𣬱õ⿾ˣ
ȥⷿǲˡ
õѸɣ
Ȼæµ࣬ҷֹȷɣԺﲢûзʲôҡ
ſƵϴ̨ɢ棬·İ޲Ϊ֮פ㣬һĿٸҲ½˵һӡ
ֱ̨ұһ̨
ȵ׵ͱУ𽥴򷢵ƶɶ˳ǱﵹɫĽ֭ƶȾķɫ͵һߵĹ̨ϡ
ͿĨһ͵ĵߣζŽе
⻹ûнԶָ£һ㱡ļ飬ٵ׺ݮһɫζȫɣ˴ߡ
ۿߵҲҪˣܽԺԶ£Ҳóˡ
á
Զˮϴȥմŵۣǵһ·ľͲԭǰһСɽϡ
ͷȥ͸εɫϦȾҵĳȺ죬Զɽһϼ⡣
ͻȻкƵضʼ˸ϽԶȥ
ĮĴ
ϻˣ
æķ򼲳۶ȥȻµصǲ࿴ͣµĴ
Ϊ׵һɫַ΢ķβ𣬼ˣ¶һϤЦ
ʹȥ˶꣬ԶҲûףԼһȺޱȿΧм䣬ôһ̧۵˲ͷĴڵġ
ʱ˿̣߶ϵһ˲䣬ԶĶ߾ֻʣԼ
Ǻ˼ģҵ
ɫ۾Ҷֱף̵Զ˻ľȴʼûбȥڳУֱֱӡ
ԶԶˣ߽ȻԼǰ⼸£ˡ
Լסⷽأҹĵǡ
ÿÿԶǿѹĻţԼʱ޲̷ɵߡ
ֻûûҹоÿһսɱǰ棬ʱöһ㣬ٶһ㡣
ԼڴڴĴݻصԶߣûйĸ
Ŀ֮£᲻ñֵ̫ԣֻ̧Զļһѹ
׼ջʱȴоԼؿڶһĨů
˶ԭءãջ˫ۣԶıϣһһ°Ƶ˳š
ǰҲһֵؽԶӵ뻳УԶܡ
ظܵ˵°;͵Լͷ
ãԼһգŤͷЦſڵ
۾ôˣ
Զһرһ۾Ȼؼ̫ӲˣѵҼۡ
ŶԭҲĽڣ˳Ļ۾ͷ
ȻԶҲʶڲ꡹һԼЦ˳
ԶͬЩܵԶҲ˴УҺԼȥˣֻ°¶һˣƵĿǰĳźϺϣˡ
ᱳԶݺ˰¶һۣڹʶࡣ
¶ûüԼ粵ԶͿڵȻľͲɡ
ͷ㷭˦´Զǰ档
һԶҲȶͷһûڣ֪ҪʲôƵģӵԶϸ˵һ顣
ζ˵Ǵϵľƾȴǰһ뻹ࡣʱȣʱ˿׷áǰཫʿòսϼһȴû֮˿ڸȾ
˵ʱЩ䣬һ룬ҡҡͷ
ΣмΪ˿ڷ׶Ľʿ
Զܵ͵ӦһȻǵѪһսδʮڣнʿˡ
ǰá
ῴԶã˵ǰҴĮôõδ
룬Ҳ롣
ԶĮһոµģû޹졣
ˡʲôƵĿԶڵϺһɺر
ƽ㶼Ѭʲô
Զһɻ󣬸뷴Լ֮ǰԺʱ
Ժӵĵ벻մ϶ѣƶζˡ
ոæʴ£ѵⶼˡ
ԶЦЦڵһҪúףһЩС⡣Ϲ·ʱմϵζ
ûиǣǸʵ㣬һ˶ߡװʱ˶ˣȫĿɿڴΧڵԱߣͷ˵ʻװη㶡
ʲô͸¶ʱоϲԡ
Ȼû뵽ԶеġС⡹ߡԶֻһ䣺ǵζ𣿡
˵⡹ʱһЩ
Զûע⵽һ΢С쳣˵ͷӦǡ
ͷЦһԶ˵ΪףʿʤģãԵˣǵǿ顸⡹
вܿƵسһЩ̫õ뷨ڼԼʱǸּᶨӵ¹
o̩񰲵ĳȴ뽫ΪС
Щĵģص˽ȼתǧٸͷ֪ʶԼڴƺ˱ӦĿܡ
ŤͷԵˣ֯õĻߴתỹʲôû˵ֻЦʵϴεǸҺϲǸζ
л˵
¶ӦڳףӦڳжۡ


111 
Ķӵúܳܳ, ˣҲֻǳĽʿеһСˡ󲿷ֵľӻפͨһأȴưȺ, ٳĮ
ʱҹɫµľͲԭյõƻͨһ·ɽˮĽʿҲȺӵΧԣﻹһС⡹ĳʳ
鵰ⲻԢ, ζҲرɿ, ʿһصһС飬Сͽϸϸŵڻζ
㵰ȻǽҹͷϷ, ɵĶ˵һ˸ߵɢ˵
, һƳʱ̳ΪĿĽ㡣
ůɫҫ£һӯ͸Ƿһɫ⣬п˶̲סԼ˾ŵǰƻõĳ
ԶҲû뵽˵ķӦ˾, ڻ, ԭƽƽĵȷʵ˼ݵС
ģԶȻЩӵ, ȻҲᾡܵذѵĳߴΪľ𺳵á
ԶԭļƻҪѵ˷ֶʳ֮, ȴû뵽ճ, ⵽˼еķԡ
Ƿ׷ױʾ, ô׳۵Ķ˷ָԽʵǱ, ŵм乩͡
ԶҲû뵽һӦ, һʱԭأ֪˵ʲôá
Ϊôõİ
ֲʲôƳɵģͣһϣ˵᲻ΣȾѾˡ
Զ˽˼ӣջֲ⡹ֻøһӦ˰ʱٷָ˳Ե
ʿǴԶЭϲصػȥˡ
Զ˵ıӰŬԼȥ˼һϣ᲻ҳ⡣ЦõذοԼ۸Ҳһϵˡ
ȥɡ
߹Цſοϲ⵰᲻ھͳԽȥ¾Ƕһ
Լڵһμʱʮ𺳣Щͨʿˡ
һ뵽˺ףԶΪӭԼԴ˳֮г⣬ӿϸϸܵ⡣
Զ˵ͷڵΪףĵ⣬Ȼǿıá
˼ɳڵЦ⡣
֪ΪʲôٻصľͲԭʱ˶ԵЩģûƽС
΢ı仯ظ֪ˡϵʱԶķ򿿽һЩԶҲû̫ķӦ˿Ǻӡ
ҹԭףʤ̽ʿӢµ߰죬ཫʿз質Լлܵĸ鶼Ÿͷų
˹ͣҲֻǻ죬ڳ衣
ζԶͲⱻ𼸷ֺ档
ΪԼԱߣ֮䲻һľ룬Զ̧첲ļƫͷʵôͽʿһ𳪸裿
ǽ죬Զϸһ£֮ǰʱûпڳ衣
ΪΪĮ󣬲⡣
˱ĳԶʹͷʲôǱȺʮʿǴһŸʧһ֮ϵأ
˵ʮ˼һҲûȡʤʮĮʿſ˵ϣԼҲⲻմЩммǱġ
£ܾ˽ʿ͵룬Ե÷ǳѰζˡ
ȻԶʱᲢûش𣬶Ƕ˺þãԥԥؿԶ΢֪𣿡
Զ˵ͷġ
ðɡ̾˿ش»ǵһĮμʱΧΧǼҳˮƽͺǴɡ
˵ԱһͷһھƣܿԶߡ
˺һҲûԶвɻһ̧ͷͿԶЦ۾
꡹һԶǰЦ
ԶһƫͷЦһ֣߳϶˵ҡǲЦģģ̫Цˡûס
Զ⸱ģԭļҲɢһЦ
һԶƽ
ôҲûϵȻԭ֮ǰǻ߰ĸг첱ӴֵĮ󺺣뵽ӢϣԶ;øЦ
ŬѹԼһչĶ뷨תעƵģһ鿾ð͵š
۵С㣬׽ʱ֭ˮ磬ɹԶע⡣
һߣȴҲͬͷЦſԶ̲סʵ»ᳪ𣿡
Զ⣬Щ𾪵ؿᣬƺ˵Ҳ㳪ܾѾˣô˳أ
ᱻԶԹĿⶢţҲûа㲻˼״ɻüԳһ𣿡
аɣԲλһ¡
·ԭʱһĹ߳СȻʲǺΪɺܶפ˼֡
Զ˲֣һɣ߳
תСΪԶȴɽ峺Ȫˮһ㡣⣬עǰ˵Ĳա
СܹҲûм䣬Զܿ߳꣬ŤͷԷ
ΪǱŹԵʣе΢΢̧°ͣԷü
ȴûԲλӣ˼ĸ
ԶԼȱò˼ˣ˵ʲôỰһתЦʲôħƵģһֲ굽Լ
Ȼûиʣ׸衭ҼǵãĹﳪİӵġ
ǵԶı黹һ㣬Ͻ͵زȻҲԡ
˵仰ʱĿԶԶ֪仰ġӡ˵һ
ԶͣԼֻģĸʡ
ڿıʱͷ뷨
ô᲻ֻ֪һᣬʹᣬԶΪĵ٩¶յıʱҲø⡣
Զ´һȦȻ󹴴һЦ֪
»޴ˡ
ĸ֣ΪԼһ㣬˺һŻعԼ
ɻѯһ䣬ߵ˾վһ䡸ȻϢ󣬾ȻŴʷȥ
ԶȥıӰͷһ໰ȻйƵ޶һҰݡ
ԼղôûץסԶҪôأ
һ뵽Զ뿪ǰһĨЦ⣬һգͺ˼ھƣ޲ðѼǰԼһ١
֮ȻʡҪҪѵָˡĸٶһ£Լֵòʱ򣬴ùͷ
ְɣְɣ˰֣ʾ⸱ϽȥĶԶոǾ䡸֪ʲô˼⵰ȥ
ǡСӦһմ£ֽסԼ
ȵȡ
ϽͷϻʲôҪԸ𣿡
Ǹϵĵ⣬Ựһ٣ǵøһ顣
Զģʹƣ
סϽͷ뿪ڡ
л˵


112 
µ, ø硣
磬Ӫؾʹ˽ʿǳɤ˵۵ȻģȻҹԶָǵ͵ζ
Ϊʿڶ, ʹʦǴ絽æµһ죬ÿֵģҲСƴôһ顣
ЩĮʿǵʳͱѰ˴࣬ǵ㵰Ҳ͹ǳζ, һ, ˾Ϳʼ˼͵ζˡ
֪ʲôʱǳһص⣿ӪУһϵҰ컳ζ
Ъ˼ɡԱߵͬŤͷɨһ,֪ԵЩ棬һС͡Ķôģ
˼֮, æΧ˹ߵ֪ôģ˵˵£
˻˻Դ˵Ǵӵµһ˵ġͰҪţ龲ðգȻȡϲľ, ټǺ͹, ²ŵõġ
ôӣһ¶ȡ
ɲ˵˵ͷ˵ԵЩ, ľͲеţ飬ƳɵġôĶ, 㳢Ͳ, ƽԵã
һ, æŸ̾͵ƷӡϽ, ѹֻô
һʱ, еζԵø˻ˡ
ԶӪУʿǲڳָһ˻еĳ
һߵʣԵðࡣ
Զ뿪ʱ򣬱Ӱôʵǿװ򶨰ˡ
µʱŵỺ
Զһ輦˿̧ͷĲ֮͡
һԶУ˵һšƫƫ˶ˣҲûһ¿ӣֻ̧͵͵ɫ糣Զ
Զֻװ˹غࡣãɤӵϲŵôӣ
˼㱵ءŶһһԵĺҧһڡ
Զ⸱ģ̾һӵʲôҪʵıʰɡ
⻰ԥãſڵ˵Ļʲô˼
Զ򴽣ϿЦô𣿡
ǰˣɫ̹Ȼαһ˵ͷ
˾ֱֱţ˭ûȿڴľ档
ȻѾΣʧ䵽ԶԶϲŭ¶ԥ֮ɫ
ʱ䣬ԵزԼĸ鲻Ѱǰڣûжκ˶ģʵڲԼĸ㲻ϲ
Žµ̬ȣԶٿպ𸴣û롭
ˣԼһʱ嶯û͹ò˼ҡԶһմ㿪ڣڴ𣺡ҪҪţ裿
Զ
ˣǾ˼հɡ
һ£ʵ֮ǰϹʱȵǸ𣿡
˵ͷѾָԭӡ
ԶǵǸţζ֮ǰÿÿȥṬ̸Ҫ£Ͼͻ˳һ˱ǵţ衣
ҲΪſԶʱʱȥṬ䷹
ǵԲûϸ档Ǹţ֮ԷζأΪķԭԸ̣ϲڣ˭ķζأ
Զɻʳڣͼ͵֮ǰºȹţ裬ġ
֮ǰ裬һֱ¯ϣ϶
Զɫһ֪Ϊʲô
˵ͷ뿪ͥ¶ûкȵˡ
һС̿¯ϵ̲ཹཡ죬ϤԶǼ⡣
Ὣһյǳɫţݹѵ£С̡
Զ΢΢̵ţ裬ͻȻڵһʱ䣬ҿܲĮ
ԣŲһ٣תʵҪ𣿡
šԶͷֽ͵ҵǰᾩʱЩæûдá
ԶļңʹҪȥҲģԼӦ
ĬӲԼģûбɫ
ȥƣȥЩ¡
Զ䣬͵̧ͷ
ո˵ʱԶõǡȥǡءǲǾζƵº󣬻أ
Ȼֻ֪Զһ˵лһ˿ϣ´飬ͻͥ𣿡
֮ƽʱЩҲƽ˲١
ȻԶһãȻ֪Ϊʲôôʡ
ΪΪĮ¶࣬û˴͵ׯĲҪҵڶǰʱЩͨظչ鵽Į֮Ҳ٣ڲʱ䴦Ƶ£ֻѡڡ
ԶĽͣŵ
ϵЦԽԽԶŷӦԼȥƾͲ˰
ƫͷȥЩȡ
ĿƣԹԵ˵һ֧ӻ͵°ɣ»ʱ·ǰӭӵ£
УֱʾפɽһذɣʲôϢҲܼʱյ
ԶڿԷһõĻ㲻ܿƵѿڶһصĮǡ̸һ̸ɣ
ੲݵ߶Ӧͣ
Ҫ̸ʲôһ
ͻȻΪԶһƪͣСĮֶõһͻȻסЩҡ
̸ǡԶ
ǵȴеķһ㣬ؿǰˡ
Žŵ˫ֶ֪÷ںδᣬԶЩ˲ƽһ¶õţ裬ȻſڵŮ֮顭
ôʲˡ
ڡ
Զ˰Ҳû뵽ʲôʵʣԺŪȥⷽ棬һֱǺóԣҲû׶ʲô飬ǲǰ֮ϲ𣿡
úܿ죬һ˲ֲԶĻʵʵͷ̫롣
ãףܿЩҡ
ȱ˵Զִ̧˵
áӦúѸ١
ҪһЩʱտҶĸ飬գҲҪܳʱ䡭
Ͼ£˭˵׼Զһ仰û˵꣬㶨һᶨµһֱûпҶԵµ⣬Զ䡣
аӥ겻塣һѡԼİ˺һı䡣
İ˫ͷ
ԶƵӦһ䣬ȴѾ΢΢졣
ô˵˵žͻȻأܲܿһʵû˵ꡭ
ڵĬȴû˸еﶼŵ̤ʵ
ãͻȻڵǵҪȷԼ⣬ʵһָ򵥵İ취
ʲô취Զ̲裬ͷҲ̧ʵ
վ
Զ«ʲôҩ˳˼վ
ẬЦùԶĴյŵϣȻûлعԶͽԼĻ
Զߵʵ¾ò𣿡
ĻһԲ棬ȴԸȣ̲סݽȥ
ԶıǼ⻮ĲŵϵϢţ㡣
򶨵ص˵ͷаɡ
ῴ΢΢̵Ķ⣬ûнҴЦһǹƻʵǡأ
л˵
飺䣬𡭡


113 
Զܵʶ˲, ͵ѿҵˣͳԵɣ
ڸղ, ķỮĴߡ
Ͳһ㡣Щϧ̾һַſ˻ˡ
ԶŭصһۣƲͷȥ£ˡ
ǰ, ˳ûţ衣
ῴЩҵıӰ, ҲûԶԼĴʡ
ã̧һԼ촽ͷЦһ, ģƱɫͷԵĻ
Ͳһ㣬ϧ

һ, 춥һֺգĬظԶ˳Ŀ⣬ԶȺ
һ磬ͳȥǽ㶩ţĿ
, Ҳ֪, ԼԶߵʱ׷ʲôĶǵĴ¡
֮ټԶʱ, Ѿڲվˡ
춼Զţ򶼿ˣҲû󵽵ʲôر֮, ֵǵפ㽫ʱ
, ڿʲôأ̲סɻ, ʵ

Զһʱûع, һ²Żشûʲô, һЩˡ
ɺĵǰʹǱΪѣ϶ɽеׯӵʱû˼ôá
ѲǷʲôֵ¶޲ߵˣ
뵽ɫ䣬ʵʲôǵһʵݵͥǴɽȥһ㣿ߺһطһ㣿
ĥСʱ˼Į·
һʱҭ˰εԶռԭС֪ĳʶص£ɽ·̽һ·ƽ̹
ԶûгӦһȻԶĲԭ
ĵʶĲԾ
ǵͻȻ˼ʲô
ô⣬Ҫˣ
Զعͷ¶֮ɫʵôˣ𣿡
ǵġ
ϽҡͷȥСľ͸ֻǡ
ֻʲô
ԥ˰죬ڰԼ뷨¶˳ֻСܾţݳǣĮá
ΪʲôôãԶüЩʵ
Ȼ˵Сܸоʱڻᾩʱһж̹ĮĮһͥȻǰÿæµҪ񣬵ЩʱСĸоʵؿġ
ԶһǵĻ˳Ǵ֮ǰҲ˵ˣ֮ǰ඾δ⣬ҲģƢԭ򡣵ԵĮ֮һպùһգɲ˳Եʣ
Զ
ѵǰ궬ոǿĽ
ȻԽҵ۾ݲǺͬ컰˼Զȴġ
ʱԼҲᾪĮľ޴仯
ŽһɫԶҲ̼Ū̾˿˵ҵݳı꣬òײôЩҵ˵ҪͲҪ𣿡
ҴǰýһǳľҲ֪˭۵ֱԶһЦ벻ʱǨǼҽزūʲôʱȻôˣ
챻ͨ죬æĵС֪ˣͱٴȤСˡ
ˣҲ˵ˣͷ̧աԶЦ
Զ˵˻ʲôʱ̣Լǰ׼
Զشմ뿪ľͲʱɡεݣҲҪ̫ˡ㾡е˺ﶼЩ
Сס
˵ͷմȰԶ̫ˣȻС
Զ״ؿڵʵεݣ˴ׯϵ⣬һһ´㴦ǻҪ뷨
һãȻҪСʲô
Զֿ̰һˣѵĲʮ֮һɺ
ʱԭءãźۿŮȫټˣûΪū
նףĸԾֵȫȥ
ôܲأ
ȻǺ޵ġٿʱѾ˿ǻ
Զ̾һеӵݸ죬ңû㱨˸ĸĳ𡣡
ֵܹ£
켱ᶼ˲߬Ӽæ¼СһСĲн죬ţر»ôô룡
ԶϽסҪ¹Ľ죬ú˵Ż¹ʲô
ˣ֪Ҫ˵ʲô
Զ˰֣Ͻı⣬ǰٲۣλصݣҶȻҪ游ĸ屨ġ
ʼԶἰǰоһЩԤУˣ仰ʱ̲ס
аٸнбϲͼжԸĸ˼жԶĸмԼͻ޴롣
ĻںͷͰ͵ؿڣȴ˵һĻ
´ҡǣСġ
ԶЦݺ㣬ǴյůŽġ
Ҫмң͸ϽȥԸЩţҪ·ˣҲԲˡ
ص˵ͷһĨӦСȥ
Ž첽ıӰԶܺõ۽һ䡣
մ̧ŻԼʣȴĿţͻȻԼǰеΡ
ᱧһ£ҪȻԼƵĳ
ڴֻ¡
֪ΪΣԶͻȻͲôˡ
Ų㱻ԼڲԭϵĴյӲͷƤ˴ʣȻһ֮͡
ѵ֪˲ڼңһֱ˼ǺʧΪ𣿡ԶῪ˵͸Ͻȷ˵
ԭĹҼʶǳ֮ǰδ˵Ҫл¸֪ˡṰֵлһȻػ˸š
Զҭ۲ҧڵ֪˰ɣ
֮ǣȻѾ֪أϽҵĴ뿪
˵ͷԶδ֮
ڵ¼ȻѾˣǾͲ˲ڼңڵУҲͲʧ˰ɣ
Զ
Ǹ߼ѧʦ
һֱ׳״ΪᣬԶתͳ˴
ôҲˣŽˣԶЦ
¸˵˲ڼң˼ǺʧΪ
һҺģԶֱۡ
ȡ˴ǰĽѵ֪ҪʿɶֹٶŪȥԶܾ治ԼˣϽһˡϴǸ֤²Ϊһ
˵Ҫţ⣬Ҹ¿ɣ͵ˡ
ü˳۵ģ͸ոմȤʱֱˡԶԼһ¡
Էڿⷽ滹ǺˢӵģԶһԸԼļγʮûϢص˵ͷЦˣǾͷˡ
᱾жɺޣţ޹İ
ţֶҪֿźóԣˣԶĴٴӭ˶ӵᡣ
˿ԼΪһ֮ӸԶһ˵һޱȻؽţ˵ĴСȻϣϸϡ
ȵţⷺɫĽʱͽУ¶ãټиԶ
֮ȫһ̷ֱԶ࣬ĵĽ춼硣
һʧǵģǼʲôһԼȣԼΪ̫𾪶ʲô
Į̷ûϵ
л˵
ЦûϵûйϵͲ֪ˣĳ˻᲻طȿ


114 
Įһа, Զʮַĵش뿪ľͲ䡣ǰܾÿձҪ߶ɾӱĽ顣
Ϊǰݳǵһ·ϣԶ˶αװ, ڳڵȺյûյϢ
ֱԶǰųٶ۵ʶԭǰյġյִϢʲô˼
׵𣿡Զֱ⡣
Ͻеľ׵Ժ󣬵ͷӦһж׵, ֻҪ, ̡
ǰ£ͰԶķԸݳǡƵȫҵ
ĶǺҪΨԽһֳıĶׯ, İն񣬴󲿷ֶҪһ뿪, Լ¯ҲҪһߡ
ΪҪԼٵĶ̫࣬ɽæµʱա
Զ֮ԽǨʱѡڣĮҪƿصԭ⣬ҪԭߵС̫ഫϢ
Ľˡ
˵֮ǰļ̳˾򣬵סԼ, Ȳƨһ졣
͵͵˽, ʼ£д󳼡
֪һɻıԼĶǶԼλ֮ġ
˽εϢԶ¶, ֮ǰжڶˡ
ĺô, ¶֮, һ, Լλ
ϧϵ, ⳡʤĻ, һͬҲĽݡ
Ҫ׼ĺ׼𣿡Զͷ·ƣʵ
ķԸ׼ˣѾݡࡣ
ռƻаɡԶ˰֡
ʼͨݳģЩҶԾ޴Ľ𻷺óԶץȥʱǿ˽𻷺ɱͲױ˲ԡ
󣬺佻רŵ࣬һֱ͸ˮιڣÿÿŵϤˮǱһӵϡ
ߺԶһֱͷĽ죬׼㼸٣ȥ㸸ĸɡ
ʵĸĸն׵ļ඼ŵ;Уʬ޴ѰڵĹҲǽһ¹ڣοˡ
һ£̧ͷԶ촽źϺϡ
δڣԶ֪Ҫ˵ʲôֹסҪ˵ĻлƴǵĻڶ
ګګ죬ջǵ˵ͷлӦԶļڡ
Զ򷢽ȥ棬Ҳο֮飬֮ܲԩôЩꡣ
½ʱҲû潭ԶʵһֱŲ´¡
ݻĵڶգƶްŵϢ
ӵͷԵ档
رأÿս˶ҪϸŲ顣˭֪ȻǱһȺ֪ɹ۷ˡ
˰֮˼̸⣬Ҳֻܸ̾һ䡸ʱ˲áˡ
ĽڸϣѬʲô붼롣ʱֵϹļڣϵ˱Щڡָ̡ľϵˮڷС
ˮ˱ǣڸ㣬Լ϶մ˹㣬һȺһǽ֮Ľ𻷺䡣
һ͵ػϣŭЩ˶ĺ䡣˦ų¶Ƥ
ǱպƤһ㣬Ƭ̱е̡ѣΡ
ݺȻ˵֢״Ѱİ취׽ⶾҩﶼаɫֻʧȥ
˭֪һоȻԶݵԶΪ

ʼԶںʱΪ˲¶ɽׯӵλãԼһרŽӾĵط
սַʼתׯе˺ط㱻Ժֻ˿ڴ˴
ҹ䲻۵ĲֿͻȻӭһŶˡñڵʵʵֵҹ˿ݣҪ˿Ҫǵ¡
˵ʲôǵ¿ʲô˶ܼģֵҹһ衣
ңǵԶĮͥҪô
֪ݡ
Ŷñͳŭûв´ǰ֮ҲѲ˸ϵ
ֵҹƶһ¾û˴롣䲻֪֮ô£лңһӱ˿˶ߡ
ֻҧ˲֪ԶںδһߣϢѾͨ𴫵Զ
Զ𼱼ææĻ㱨̾һ֪סģ˴ɣ
֪˭һȡ
ݵλ˭ֿ֪ľλأԶһ
˵˫ĿԲ鲻Խʵ
֪Լһʱʧԣæͷ૵½Ӧû֪
Զؿڵǲ治֪ˣ
ܿ죬һɫ˱㱻˴˽̧ժ¶ñȻԶĸס
Զ֣һŵȥȻǰǳЦþòˣ
ûаҪģ
ƺԼӴ󲻾Ϊɫ糣Զߵλϣ״Ƹп˵״綼µȥ֣ȱ껹ݶ
ԶƤû̧ǲԶˡ
ʹˣҲϲὫλ㣡ͻȻθ
ŵ𶼱һԶȴȻǸƵģ
죬ɫسŪҲǣĮҪֵҲƵλ
Զ˿ڲ裬ƺһ㶼˵ι˫Ȳмϧ˸һλ
֪Ҫø˭ˡ
˵꣬Զƺʮǰ˿ϧһһ
Ȼ⸱ģˣؿھҵòƽҧ۱λ˭㶼뿪뿪ƣ
Զ̧ƤƳһۣҲͲطλҪ˭ˣĮյġ
вǰȴղȻŭЦһĮвңǣǾҪһ䲻Ϊˡ
Զ䣺һԡ
ǰˣԼǰʱĴţڻһԴ뿪ݣǴׯӺˣҪ¡
ԶĵԽԽϣθڵԽԽˡ
ҡҡͷׯһҪߵģׯҿԸ¡
ҲߡԶﲹ䡣
һôܿԶĴ㣬һɽյׯӸкôҪׯЩȽĶ
к¶ռ˵ĵһŪ
ɡԶ룬һҿ԰Ѷļˣ¯Ҳ¡
ûü˵ԶǣһҪ󡣡
ʲôҪ󣿡õԼҪģҲ񷽲ͱˡ
֮ǰֿ̰ʱ̫ĽǶҪϴ彭ҵԩԶ渵
ǸС̴Ӻǽˣ
ԶػмسŪ֮ʡһ˰ˣҲõ˴¡
Զ֮ӣе˼ʮԡ
Цһԡ
л˵
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


115 
ڵõԼҪĺ, ͷ뿪Զ鷿
ΪҪȵɹԶĶһ֤ǰĲ󣬲ſϷȥ
ôҲܶ޲ߵ, Ȼô׾ͱŪȥԶҲֽⷽţׯϵĹְִ˰ұ̹һ顣
ֻʼ㽫ׯеˮŸжˡ
ˮԶƳˮķ豸ûˮţ̸ܽ, Ȼֻʣķķ
һ¯ĸ, ֻˣÿϾҪʮ
ķֱӰ쵽¯е¶Ⱥеĺ̼ûԶָ, ֻ֪ȴԭȲķĳɱж, ʹôĹճҲΪķ粻ܵӰ졣
ͲԶÿǵˡ
˵ݺݵذһ񣬵֪ΪΣԶȴ㲻Ϻá
֪ԼûԵϵڶԷ, ȴʵʵڵ׸ӡԴԽĵһ, Ϊ׵һһȫ͡סûκι
ʹԼϲĴ, ʼԼλ±ö, Ҳ޹ؽҪһ, κΰˡ
Ϊʱڷ, ҲֻΪʧȥһϸļ̳˶ġ
ǰǸĮ, Զ˼Įʱ
ԭϽ׵Ⱥ, ԶĸҹɫһԴ𣬶⶯ҡ
СȻʱЩǷᣬ̹̹ᡣ
Ƕ鰮һ£ĮϣԶĶǰٷ֮ٵΡ
ҹסеĹҲǻеţ̫𣬶ǡһůĶԶٶ۵һС˼
ҲҪʱ䣬ڻصĮ󣬱ܸǸ𰸡Զ롣
ڵһұľõϿʱ츸һҲƽյϢԶһ̶Ը̱ͣ뿪ݡ
ΪװƽҲõ˻ָȻȻѡԶߡ
Զ׺Ѱĵεν춼Ὥ֮ϴԩȫΪԶڡ
˴Ķ£ֻţԱôԶȥ
żգԶһֿʲô챦ţ˶е㲻ڣ̾˿Ὠ顣
ôţĺѹġ
챻Զôһ˵æһ飬Ťͷȥװȥˡ
ԶûɰʱֻعͷΪûע⵽ƵģOO@@ظԶ̺ӡ
ǲʲô˵ԶŽ죬ͻȻʵ
ԭΪԶѾ˯ˣŸҴŵжȻԶŵе̺Ӷûȡ
ƽһ飬СͷƵһǵ߶˵𽫾ˮŸˣһ˷ķķ´ǰŬͰˣ˾֣Ǿܶ
ԩƽﵱȻˣϲ⣬ЩõΪԼôʵڲֵ
ʵޱ벻һȫİ취κ͸мһϵһЩ޴صͷ
Զ̾˿֪ϰοڽ˵𲻵ãʹ˶İ취˵Ҳûʲôֵˡ
⻰̧ͷֱ㶵ؿԶ
̩ںǩЭʱ˾ͱʵˣҲ񣬶ƵĹһ滮ͷָ
ò˶೤ʱ䣬ܱƳջǵһأΪ̩»ʵǻĵһ
Ϊʲôһֶȫء
ԶˣѵӦ÷һ鵰
ȻҲá
Ƴıôʱ䣬Զһ鱨Ϊ꣬͸ѧ
Զȥһֱѹǿʯͷϲ̵طı̺룺ǵôһˣôܳԿأ
ˣ챾ԶȡţղԼ˵ĻϽŤͷԶʵҪˣ𽫾СǻĮ·
Զ˼һѡ˹ɵ·ϾҩͰըҲһʱȥȥ׼ʮú̿ôˡ
յԶҪԼϢ󣬸յޱʹġһ߶թԼˣ޵һߣʵںԶ췣
Եıʿ⸱ģһݵرһĨӵľٶڵǣֱӽ
շؿıʿŭɵû̽˵ŵǧˣһѱŵĶôɱȻ˸᣿
󼸸֣ռú˵ġ
ıʿ˸ѪͷƵĶ㵽һߣ˵
ղͷػ˻֣ʾϽȻԸ˵нú̿һ͵Զ
ҪǻЩչǮµĹ취֮Զɣǰչʮú̿
һȥˡֻһڷУֱת
ǿĴڣֿͥ飬ûһѵġ
ûȹ׺ӣͱĻҩͰըûһʿеҰĶǳҹıըбը˸ķѡ
ִݹˣȻԶ󿴼èһ
˺ͻԶڶ쵽ǰִͥ
ʱ뿪ľͲѾ¹ȥˣͨԶĹٵͨԭĮЩµİգҲΪ⸳˰۵ߣεĮԱ˼ְء
ûͥԶͿӭԼɳ۱һˡʶһĨЦһ
ݵϴԶһɫĴ멣ȥĹ
ΪʲôҪԷסΪ˵ҪԼӷϴ֮⣬бڼԶʱ˵һ䣺
Ȼû㵰¡صӭʽԸԶڷһŨţ裬֪Զϲϲ
ڵˮͨˮֳҪԶ˵⵫¡صʽȻϲģɿţͺ㡣
ŹԶŲյһֻèƶһϣ߶ڵʱͥĸ顣
ãһźҪ뿪˼Զѵҹ캮ٲȥҪˡ
Զȴһ㣬̧ƤƮƮһ£֪֪֪סĹǽϡ
ǽ֣Ķʱ
ȻԶƵ˵˺仰ǽϵЩͼڻʲô˼
ûɵΪԶѰ
ԶסûиɵԵɣǳЩ˽ġ
ΪɵģԶסͺ񡭡ĳ˿ԼЯһһ
ˣᵱʱţԶ⣬һˣҲеڶˡ
ʹԶն˵ԶΨһİˡ
ڱԶˣҲûʲôԽƱģΨһĵģԶ᲻
ȿ˵Զ𣺡ŶԣҲˣĻһɫˣʱ޲һ°ɡ
ܣ
ỨƵʱ򹤽õõϣôܾɫˣҪͻȻ͵ԭء
仰˼ǡԶһ֪ͼڵԢ
ЩСؿԷѯʣ֮ǰֻһЦ
Զȴûһһؿڵ֮ǰӦ㣬Ҫ֮Ĺϵҿˡ
ȷʵ㡣
һ仰׼ʳڵĻֶߡ
ǲƵģֱؿԶֱԷЦγһ㣬͵ǰһסԶһ㡣
ŻȵպҹУô
ȻΪΪʲôԹŻߣһֱ߶Զķβʵ
һֱʣǳ˵˰ʱׯϵĹ¶һ죬ǲ뷨Զǽһ¡
컵УǾϽΪԼĲԶǸ
ǸϵĶȴûаǮϵ
һѱ㽫ԶᱧԶԻŵУԼ޵ȥ
һǽԶϵƿ
ڽԶϺȴûʲôĶضĴߡྱͷţĿġϸĴ缡
Ŀ⿴ţԶڰ̧˫۴󾱣ѵˮһ㣬ĺᡣ
ĬϣҲһɡ

ڶ磬Զʱϴһʵİë̺ҹļ˲£ôĥ
ֱ̧ۣͼסῴĿ⡣
ͷãôôˣ
ԶƲͷȥװʲôû
Ҳ⣬ԹԽ͵һѩ䣬Ͱһ̺ӹ
Įĵһѩ
ȥѩ󣬻µϣ
л˵
ݣҡ


ĵͽˣõʱδһƬӵĿܵʱ
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