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1 ״
ѦؾگʱӪˡ
گǼگӱ޴ӾǸϵ߹أ˼ƥگĹʱ򶳵ûϣ߶µگ㶳˹ȥ
Ϣܿ촫˾ӪһʱӪĻ̡̻
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˵Ѧʻıûɵġ
Ѧ뵱ʥʶʥʱİʶʮأͬʹ࣬Ӧ񡣵Ƕ˹ϵ紫԰Ǣʥһǻ㽫ԼǻѦʽְֻ䵽˱߽ؾŲ
ֻԣѦȴһԵˡ
˱ꡣ
߹꣬Ѧͻʣεڴ߾вͻʸ⣬δ󽫾һְرʹþĻʵ۶Ҫɵ֡
˶˵ʥ𲻳ɣһͷǡ
ܹʿǣѦǰûɵģҪǼگ
ӪյѦʴףһϵƤۣĵʣô
ˣѹҥԴķзģڹͻȻȥʥѲ⣬ɲ
ʥѲ⣿Ѧһٱ䣬ƽޱҲһ࣬ʱһЦûдﵽЧԵɱ硣
Ѧı𣿡
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ҹְҽȨٲýšѦüëһ˵а磬ҲͻЩˡ
߷ߣŵǳĹΪɽȴ³ʵ˺ġ
ⲻǾɶ˹ʲôʲô𣿡
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¸ֹĻҲ˵ˡ
Ѧ¼ϵ彣̧׼ţһƿӣͺ࣬𱻷紵ž졣
ѦʱӵĶƬ̣Ȼͷʵڴϵǣɱô

Ƭ̣Ȼ룬̶ȻԸš
Ѧʴ΢΢پԳᣬˣҪˣı£һܺÿ
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һɲѦɫٿȻĴһߣͷðĲȣûнӿӣ̫һֱš
飡һ죬Ѧ˰
̫ü˳Ŀһƽȵùţ·ɡ
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̫߳ˡ
Ѧ̧Ϸ޵ȴڴһഩѦ̾ԭҲѹ
ѦʣΪʲôɱң
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ȻѦ˵ʲôѦʶڷ޵Ķ棬ͼ˶Ի
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Ѧжϲޡ
۱ţѦŷַˣԭ˺ܶ࣬ӵʱЩҡҡ׹
һڹˣ޵ͬķϣԽ֮񣬺˰ɡ
йԱæ²ɣѦ
Ŀһ䣬Աڨڨ
˵ɡ
ѦƮڿУűȤĹһĻ͵Ц
ͬ㡣
Ƿ޵һ֮֮ȥҪеãƷ۶
ǰ룬ͬ㣬Ѧʴ֪ԭϷ᲻ŵʹҲǼٵأЦЦţЦЦѦЦͣʼɣ޵ûģ
ڴ˿̷·𻯳ʵʣڿѦɱڵϯͨĳĿȥ
Ļͷһ̷ֱֱѦʵ˳ȥ
ͣˡ
˵ͻĴ磬ҲɻĴ˿ȴʲôҲûعɡ
ûпѦʾűߣ޶˿ڰʹţҲϹͺͺһƬһֱѾûˡ
ӣǹ»Ұ˵ģ


2 

ʸʸ
⺰Ѧڻʱһ
ϵ֮ˣǰһھͻ˹ȥΪʹ˻ҷȴ뻹ٴ
һ΢ͳӦ˻ڱڣЩȻɳơ
Ѧʵʵľˡ
Լ
ͳش󣬱ҴææʰµѸ硣
ѦʻӲһĵͷΪ˿Ʈڷϡ
һСcƵӣ棬ֻһС͸Щ΢ֻһһŴŲϯø鲼첹ġ
ӵ˴һĻҰαѰҪߴЩ˾ɰ϶һأ̵ֱһ紦ˡ
λСֵܣ㻯ɻѦʶϵãΪʱѦʱˡ
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С˵ô˯ô𣿡
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С´һѦ˿ڣ𾪵ִˣ
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¡
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ΪˣΪ
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ҪٿһԼôѦһŻǻֻ÷߷ߵڵϵѦʡ
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ԶĸЦЦ֣ĵĻ졣
ôŲ̫ˣʵ
Ѧڴʱˣ䵽⡣СӻһʱѪͳԿűǸߴЩвмøʲôãƵġ
޵ͷǰôûˣԺԴһǵһμʱء
תͷһѦɫȴЩ֣Ѧüͷ֧Σŵˡ
ѦҸ硣
ޣ
һӰˡѦ¶м˵⣬طӦæȥɫɫŰæ֮ǰĻ⣬ˣûȤĽӦ쿪ˣŲ
Цѽ
ѦϦ͵ʱ򣬳ѣ£ٲȥҪԿˡ
¶źĶѦ誵´һҪҹԷ
Ѧ誣˵ˣ
߹һС·ʱǰȻżҶһţѦɫһ䣬æŷҪߡ
ȴϺĴܳһͷɢһѪһ±ãˣѪƤһҶֵ׷ֱк
ѦЦѵأ±ǰԶ㣡˵µۡ˵վǰҪȥ޵ߡ
޴ĿһĻ˵ϣѦ誰н㣬ǲŵĲʵֳô


3 

Ѧֱײǽ
Ҷ֣ͣѦѪڵϷȻ˫ֱͷŻסͷƣѪ֡
޿ọ̀᲻˰
Ѧһҭзִġ˶پûбҪһ£ײ˵£²ƽϣȴܵ·ǵøѵ
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Ϧһƽڷ޵ļϣӳ˺Ž⡣ӣЦҲǻȱôˡ
˾һ
΢̧°ͣŵϵѦʾ⣬ϴϴѪֹˣ˺˾ͽɡ
Ѧ誣
΢΢üյѦӦɡ
Ѧ誣
͡ѦЦһ겻ڿݼҲ׾ӡ
ǰѦѰѦ誣Ѧʵһμ˷µ˶ײ˷ޣѦѰͷ˰޿ѦĥһĻҪѦʽԼİѦˮ֮С
ǰսңֽвʱˣͨհ󲿷ֶڹٻ˼ΪūΪͣʱС檵ĴٹҲżʡȻڽãı죬˻ǶЩ˸Ұвм
ΪѦʵʱѪͳĸ磬ԸײϲĸĵܵҲŷ۸ҪΪޣѦҪѦ
Եʱ˶˵̫ȱŴĳѦ˹ʺˣһӵİ
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ҹ˷ޣѦ誵ɫ
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˵ĺѦǳɫѿٺ³ϹϵǼҵվ̫һµãû㣬ȴ硱
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Ѧҹ˴ѦˣѦϵͼֲ֡ƽﰮֽ˵ԷҪ죬ϸ̬ȡҩ֮󣬻ĵʣҩϷϰԼϰ
ѦʿҲùҩˣֱ˷
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ѦüëҲûҩҩմ·Ѧʱųಲԡ͸ŷವΣѦȴƸо͵Ʒ֪뵽ʲô΢΢Ц
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޵סаֵװ굽裬һģһ˻ʵ۶ӵĳ谮Ҳı˵¶Է޵ϣ
ղ飬˯Ͳյůģ˯һҹһ㻽Ůȡ飬ɱɳ˷ۺմĹԡ
Ѧʱ㿴޿ϣյĳűŮžȲͣȷ硣
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Ѧһȥ;ˡ
⣡
ӣЦǰʰƫ³ҲûüðȽסţʲôҪ˵ˡ
ӿһµμҾߣڼҲ㹻࣬ǽϹֻиྫ°ڼ
ס˲ݵʱĿɿڴǣҵģ
ӻʲôҪ𣿡
Ѧֱ㶵վſڣ͵ҡҡͷ
ū澱ˡ
ȵȣ
Ѧ΢΢üͱͬԵóЩüĿٸЩ˵ζɻʣҪЩʲô
ĵĻش𣬡ֻ¶ͺá
ӵĹϵ˵򵥣һѡѡʵĸӼccѧȶ෽濼޹ְҲٺ»Ҳ֮ͣһͬѧһͬλͲС
ǲеİˣѡҲѡӣƩѦִⲻԸѦ誺ͷ޳Ϲϵ
ϧԸΥѦûˣλ͸Ƶȴްһ


4 

һѦʽ˸ס㲻ٴϿʱţ˵ʱӣʱǶһѦʡ
Ѧʱ򲻶ֻΪˡһҲ֪ӦЩʲôѧһ֪ûīҲУ˱һЦ޶ˡ
ѦʴӴ̹ɵͷдη˾䣬أΪ˲õ¶
ȴЦЦһʱɫ٣ЦѦĸһ޵㲻˿̿ࡣ
ѦֻΪڿοԴ˸ŬֱܾԺ׷Ǿ仰ĺ塪
޸ѦʲôһѪͳıʲôãѦʽһѦұ㽫Ѧӣ޼޲ܣ޵ѦΪ֪·жʴж档
ްͲѦٶЩˡ
·Ҳû뵽Ӱպ󾹷ϵλȹ̽ɽ
ص޵ʱ򣬷Ͽ飬ŮһԴȡ
޷ʵǱкϢ
𣺡ѦǱˡ
Ԥ֮УһתЦҲٲñһ¡
Ů¶ɻ󣬷ۣҲΪȥԷ
ԷǣǾþĹҲ׹ŮԺһ鴤ȴټ⣬׾ϸʳָ룬Щţȥóԡ
Ůֻȥǵʲõмҡ
ʣ·޺ͳˣ˿

˵Щٻ˼ңĶӵ˿ô૵
ֻǸô롣
Ǹӡ޵͵͵̾һ䣬뵽Ѧı飬ɱ˱ۣüüʹʹ۽ǵʶĿ
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ѦΧŷƮ˼Ȧʾ֭Ҳ벻Լڵôɱ˷ޡֵŷ޵Ĳӣռ£ȴһ޴
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Ϊ֮ӣĸ˾ʵ۳谮ǵùۼʡ
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ǵճ̫ӣǹĶӣʵ۶ϿΨ˷ޡڵңȴ񸻼үһ㽿ߣʵڲǼ¡
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ѦʳХһţһ·ֱײɹ¥ײײĳ嵽ʹȥ
ȴ·ʵʣѦʵɻ
Ѧסˡ
ΡΡʣָ֣⴦˵ĺɫۼһ¿ǽ
ʹһΣסܿ⳵ˮcȴǰһ
ǲ֪Ǹס˾ѦʣǷޡ
һ㣬뿪۲Ϊ
Ѧϥһָ¿ǽͷǽϣסĵʡ
ҽһֹצʹĳԼĿȥ
յůڵģŮűѾ˯ˣڴһָʾ⹬ŮűŵĽޱϴñǱŵ˳ȥ
ֱ˯˴
ʱͷе㷢裬ӦճԶ˱ɳȾ˷纮ͷŮͨѦѾڵˡ
̵ĿʼϴȷʰóʱѦѾаʱˡ
Ѧ䣬˫־ϣ޳æվ
촩˼īɫӣĵαֱ·ͷ߹˱ߣֻԶһءⱾǸѦ誱£ѦӳߴԴһֱûѦʱֻмֲѦ˱㷭·Ѧʱ䳡档
ΪѦ齫ѦһٺٻңĸӾܴ·ûС
ѦʮˣʱѪͳøߴֻ׵ʱſͷһߡ
Ƿ޵һѦʣʰԳȻͬʡѦٲƺǰͣüĿҲͦ壬Щŭ˼
Ĺһֻһ죬ֵѧˡ
籸Σߴˣ˺̺ӣ̼¯ͰĽɳȫ档
˽ӱ㱧ӿ飬ˣҲϷػλէӣװһ濴ԵӣҲѦʡ
ѦҲǣվҲǣͦñֱţ˫ȭϥסɣջס͵͵ޡ
ޣ
һ
һ飬ŭ⣬ŻʣѦɾڿʲô
Դ˽ӣѦʵ۹һֱ޵Լϣԭ⣬ͲסԷһ
ѦʻҵջߣĿбӵĶŶǽڣСcСˡ
ѦɾԳƲ񡣡
ŶcŶѦƮסٵĴҵ
ô۸Ƶģĵ
룬¿ÿ
Цݽϣ
֪ҺÿܲܲҪ˵һҭؿڡ
ûðµ˼ֻǵľõĺܺÿѦʶˡ
޷סͷ̾˿е鳯һ顣
Ѧͨ飬æͷ飬۾ҲҶ·ж仨Ƶġ
÷ˡ


5 ѧ

ȷ޻εԺѾˡ
ٸֲ֣÷ȥλţѦվſһᣬ֪ӦýȥǸվſںţҲǣҲǡ
ʹ˸ɫѦʲŷӦɵ㶵ǵĸŽš
ϣܽ硣ڶеļɤ
ѧﲻˣ˵λڷԱߵ꣬ͷ޿£Ƿ޵Ķ磬ӷӡ
ԼЩֻ֮Ҫȷ޸Щһ˫д˼̱ɲа˲˯ô£ΪʵĶӦڷܣպΪʶЧǡѵͷͷǵԼжڷܺѧƵġ
ӵٸ
׼һЦƢˡ˶٣ĴԹķ˯Ҳ˯´һ硣
ԷͷΪ⣬׼ѵ䣬ȴȻһתƳԱߵѦʣҵİ
ӦһѦʻɵվţָһλ⡣
ӹЦһǺˣʱˣܵǶءתѦʣʲô
Ѧʹؾصţ𣬡Ѧʡ
ԷҲбɫ˿δ䣬ֲ̬һ㹧֮ɫӰһֲ֪Ϊǰôû˵ѦļҵĹѽ
ЦĽӻҵĹӣֶͦȤô
޴Ѧҵӻع£ڹﴫ˸飬ӶһȻΪ̭Ѧʣ޽˻ӼֱϲüңæѦѽǰǼܳѦ棬û˵иֳ
˵ţ⧲ıһģ
ӾŭĻͷĹݽվﻹ׵飬һ˫С۾ɵԲӲҪ۸ޣ
˵ŷݽһתȥʷޣҪĵĴ𣿡
Цء˵ʾѦʷʳУѦʱΪǷԼҪԵģһ·СĵĻã²ˡ
˺ɴԵһ·ĵĶûƿӵʱ
õ彴ڣͷ˽ƵƤƳγԲ˼֥飬ɿڡ
ݽһҪãһϸӣ¿γԣء
ڱٸ˵ĽſΣȻǳ걻ӣϰˡ
ЦһԳԳԣ֪ԣҲԼֳʲôˡ˵´ݽһ۾Сҵĳϡ
ⷬɲǺ˵ݽ񲻹껪ȴֻﳤﳤ϶մúʵԶԶƵġ
ݽͷͬٹٹδǰôҲǾˣӳҲ֪ģ˷ݽ⣬ȴһû̳е˷ǣ۾СԲҲཱུģ˾ǸߵټܰźӣǸͮͮòʤϲ졣
ݽһĸ˵иӲųǻžĳȥһ㣬㶪ٸŵ¡
ˣ
ٸĬһ˲޿̵ı˱ۣ˸ƣcĵ£ȥ
Ӻͷݽȥˣ˵İҲҲǣ׷׳ȥӹվʣ·Ѧˡ
˼ҵ
ٸüͷһŭãλԶһЩ
ͣһ˲ŴŲߴԽԽԶ
ǻͷֳַʵĴ
ʵĲôôã
ѧٸŭˣȥϸ״ȥˣȻһʱ󣬻ʵ۱ǰȥʻ
ʵѽ֮꣬Ǿȡ
˷ޣʵĴȣС
ĺʡ㱼ǰɵ˻ʵ۵࣬Żʵ۵ĶСʱٽСˣ˶ء
ʵ۱Ц޳ԡ
һ̣Ǹ߸ϵľ֮𣬶һĸס
µķѾɫ࣬жѿƫݽȱ۵£ƫģֻ޳ԣҲҪԣ
ûûСģ磡ʵЦһ䣬أ㵹˵˵ʲôˡ
ݽһ죬ǷӸɵģؽ£
Īһڹҡ
ȡ
ˣС˵˵ô£ʵ۴ϵ
һΪѣݽȴֵĿڣдȱۣǷ۸ޣġȻҼΪʱֹ˷˵Ϊ
ݽ鲻úöﶼõõĵġ
˵⣬ʵüͷ΢ɼһ壬϶˵Ŀǣ
ӻһݣæ⣬ֻһ䡱
û˵㱻ʵ۴ˣʵۺһ޻֪㣿ģֵܼǳֵҲʲôӣҲʲô
ӵͷһһʮıˣȷʵ˹ΣʵɫźÿЩ鵹ǿȥˣʲôʱܰ޵Ļȥͺˡ
ҡ
ȥѽĿĬʮ飬콻
ǡ
ʵһ̧֣ˣͽȥɡ
ͷס̷ɫɵ˳˵ڡ
ˣʵ۲˿΢²޼״Ƶʵ۵ĸ
ʵ۵Сжûȥĸˣ
𣺡ʮɣæ
ʵЦССô£ĸԹϲȥĸһˣҲǹµҲϾȥ࿴
˵ǣȥʵˣôô򡣡Ц
æЩʲô˵˸°Сӣ
ǣѦʡ
ϺӴӵڳһţ㵶ƵĹϡ
޴˸£æӡ
æǰ˺ãůĺùϣЩů⡣һ̧ۣȴѦվڽվţǼۣϸѩ硣
ڷ޸ǰѦһֱվŵȵ£ū˵Ȼȥū澺žͺˣѦִҪȡ
޲ĵͷ
պƵڱһľˢˢһƬѥӲѩϷ֨֨Ѧʸڷһʱ޻ֻнŲ졣
ţǰ̸޽Ųһ١
ǻװԣžһǷӵ
ĸ׵ó裬ʲôɵģĴ帾ˣܵ⼸졣ǸӸ˭óǲһĶˡ
һ䣬˭֪˵˭ˡ


6 ɮ

޵ĸǵ谮Ұ޼Ϊ˵ֱʣ˵òǴҰޱȴĶ裻޵ɣñϲĸռ谮ʹ˭ۺ졣
ʵ˶óλΣĸռ谮ĸڹУΨһпǵ谮Ҫڽŵ׵ˡ
ʶƵȴҲԳ㣬Գ̫ӣǹķӣ˶ȷȨơĸӽžڹգвǡ
Ҳֻװԣ̫Ӻͷһϳֻ̣ܲ׾ȥͼĸ֮顣
Ψһ̡
Ӽ̱ĻڼһʱӭϣǷߵİٴ
Ѧһ𾪣æȥ޵ɫֻѾĴһߣڳ۵׾
Ƭ̣ޱ˱ۣת뿪
ʶԣعͷѦʻԭأ˫ȭ𣬳۵˷ŭҰޡ
Ѧɾ޵ˡ
ѣѦתͷ̵ŭ𣬡˵㣡˵㣡
ȴЦˡ
ѦȻ
üºͣظԭĻˡ
Ӿ:˭
ޣ
Ѧʣ

һ̣ӴԺ˳󻹸İٴ
˵˻ײ飬Ӧ˵ΣȴѰ·Ƥһƣŵϣܣɰ
ͦɵġ
ٴûôӲӵĶԹڷѴڸнͣдΡ
ѦʷŭĵŷӣŲһ޵
ӲǸʲô
Ѧʣÿ޵
սȭͷָĦ죬Ѧʷ߷ߵĵ˷һᣬĲ鲻Ը˵˷󣬵Ȼ۾裬ҲգĶŷӡ
赭дƳһѦʣüֻʤĹ߰һԽޱߡٴͷڷƨɺ棬ˡ
Ѧʻ
ĪѦɾ𣿡
ֱתͷŷѦ˴ۿ˷ŭĺɫŭݡ
΢ɼü
ԼѦʲô
°ʵǸ㲻ԷʲôôԷҪһֱͣЪҴڸС
Ī
ޱΪӵĻЩķңʱҲٺѦʿףת̧űߡ
ѦԭشһᣬҴҵĸϣͷɥġ
һᣬֻ˵͵͵ģ͵͵˵cñ۸¡
һ۹۱ǱǹĵĳҲͷȵĿѦһۡ
ޣ
Щ죬Ѧʵ߼Щɻ󣬡ҵʲôϵȻ仰Ǵѹ˻ȥ
ϻһӣװû㣬ŲҲٵǰš
ֵֱݲŸоһů⣬ǵĺʵ̫Щ
ºã޲ŷ֣°ڵվš
ľͷƵġ
߹ȥѦʵѦ͵ɣӻȥϢɡ
޶ŮõĽƳѦһ࣬òԶԷ
ѦʵҪź¡
ĵū澵˱ɡ
ǵµİҲ𣿡
Ҫ
ϸź˵ġ
ºЦ˿ȵĽڱɢ˻ˣǷ룬Ѧӽɣ캮ضģ뽪ߡ
ɹɵȥ˼뽪˿һˣѿǵƳɲƢ֮㣬֮䳣õ
Ѧһڣ˲ʱ
Ƴһ۷ޣԷûע⵽Լæűһһȥʱǻһֵζӵֱθꡣ
Ѧʣ
û˵ʱ򣬷޺񲻴˵˱Ͽ飬˭Ҳֵﾲĵģš
ٶѦʣʱҲԼǲܴˡ
޵
ٹбϣһ֧ͷƤһ࣬ȻʮȻޣ˵ϸһ˿Ϣ
ͦˣ¼ƽʲôٹƤһƣĸһ޵ĵۣ΢΢۷ӡ
¸ͷһӡЦһɺֶΣҲһ·ɫĸҪ
ҵɵӶٹʱ˷ӵĴ治֮ԣͿ޺ޢأĸȡ
һǻŭڰϷһˬǰһûһµĸٹȡ
ӶԴٹЦǾ㸸ûй֣֮
ڵĺ쵽˲ӸûУ߷ߵŤͷ˭ЩɡֻǾøҲ̫Щʶһûˡ
ٹˣ͡һЦ˳ЩʲôһֵС
ǡɫݡ
ٹ૵㱳ĸټңټҶĸϣϿ¶̫ӲѾãõĻᡣ
˵ţٹƳһ۵ͷķӣĽǶֻܿⲻʡĵĶӵķ̾˿ǸôܱȣǴʲô£ܸʲôôֲ˻ࡣĸıȴټฮټǴĸܸʲôô
ŵĶ촽˵ʲô־
Ϳ޺ޢḧϷӵͷٹЦЦ԰ĸҪǰֺûϣҲҪͼǵ㸸֮飬ô
¾裬ǻʵۣ۽ֻǸԶǶϲǴõĶϻλġҲ㸸ʲģٸϺú㽨㸸ʹĿ࿴¡
ӴۣһȻ֮ɫǡ
ٹһ£ۣЦӯӯ˵ʦ˹֪ûлʦ
ĵͺ¿ʲôģٹʵ
ʮ鳭û
ӣȥ
ʩƶɮһ죬ǲʲôˣ
ѦЦһͺ¿ܱܲô˭֪Щʲô򣿳㳳ˡ
ɮ˴һ°ɮ£òȾ˳΢΢ӣһɰȻ֮ɫ˭ǰɮˣһʱһɲĸо
Ѧֻ˸ƣƮΪڷϣڵĽǶȣǷׯϱݣҪӣһ˲һĦƽĸо

һ飬Ĳǽħһѣ
ɮ˴ۣ޵Ц⣬ʩԵδƶɮʵܡ
Ѧʣ
৵һ£ѦʺȻɮǰסɮ˵죬Ǵ͸ʦˣɱҰɡ
壺


7 

Ǻˣǻֱĵһɮǣͨױסַʦ۸ΪһᣬΪɮˡ
廹ǵãǰֻʱ
һΪｲȴ·ֻꡣ
Ӧרڵ·ʱȻðΪŵʦҪҪħ
ʱɷۿ˳ɫͨ¶дɱڣۿҪħ
һľһǰ˷񣬻شʩԵδ
ǹһ죬ͣܲɱԼʱȻŭ˱䳰ȷ˵ͽޱ¡
һԩڻʹ첻˰ǻʵ۸ɱˣѦʶӵЦţͣش̼
岻ֻ̧˫Ϥһеۿ
Ѧʣðɣȷʵܡ
ǲǽֻأôͲֻأѦŭˣǵĦնΪξ͵ܶң
ڵ۶ĿʩֻأִأˡΪ

ѦһȻࡣ
Ҳ֪ұʮ֮Ѧ૵
ұɱԩۿʷһ飬ȴı䡣Ѧʵ䳰һȴ֪Ǹʲô˼
壬ûа취뿪ʹ
΢΢üǲ⡣
ɱҲɱң۲Ϊô
建ҡҡͷ
ѦʼֱҪͺ¿һ֪ҲҲɣôĸɮȫǸҡײƭ
ʩִڻʹȻǳȥġʩβԷִຣģͷǰǰԵʩֻء״Ƹ
ôܲѦʴһӷ⣬ֻҪκһְ취ɱҾƴҲҪúù
ü
Ѧʲôͺ¿ƨǴ󲽿ţ̧űߡ
ͺ¿ƶɮ⼸նʩԳ
ƨ
ա
˼յѩڷ磬·ѩһۣѩվһЩ
űʵ۽ѵһ㵽˳Ĺݡ
ӼֻǺһۣû䳰ȷݽҲͣˡÿʵۺȥѵ֮ļӶΪԾ徻١
ٸƤѦӣشһ¸ղŵ⡣
Ѧʣ
ѦվһԣٸƽѦӾɳԣйǡ
ƳѦֻԼʲôѦãĿ֮ʱ޺Ȼˡ
Ѧѹûٸʲô
һֻԼİٴʹ˸ɫ
ٴľ֣ٸιкμ⣿
ٴվͦñֱ̬Ŀʼ̸⣬ٸסĵͷ΢΢üʾ㳯Ƴȥһۡ
ޣ
ѦҲ¶Σ˸꣬ȴµС㣬ߴӵŷޡ
ޣ
ٸ£ٴùΪīѦѧҲùīڶĥֱֱŵģֻԡһ˽ߵĻīмϳء
īˮɽžߴһ½˷ʵֽϡ
ޱʼһ٣
Ѧʣ
Աߴ͡һЦ
˿Σݽŷʲôٴû߹ѦʴѦ֣ٴЦѦƽʱɻЩ飿
Ѧʿһۣü۱̣ɨȥٴЦһѦĪֻǧġ
ٴһ飬ǣ𣿹Ѧʲô𣿿óʲô
ѦҡͷʱĸֻԼǵСʱĸ׻ָ֣鱾һڲ̫׼ԭһһĽǧġ
ĸʱ˵ԭ֣ǶԭţءСѦʵ֣żϣһһľڵд
ĸ˵֡
ڡ
ĸ˵ԸԺ󳤳̫ǰҫˡ
ܿ죬ĸײһҹǾʬһڱײݲᡣĸϲǸ۵С֮ӣˣѦ鸮ĵλܿ˵ͬΪ˶裬Ǵ͸ˡ
дͼܳȥûǶˣ۵òܿ챻ץ˻һٶ
ΪһӾͻѦĸǽԺֱ˷ޡ
ָűİߴǳǳЦҰɡ
ʱѦʾ޲Ǹ̫һˡ
ٴסĴ̽ЩеûģѦʰʶˣ˾衣ٴֻˣӸǰ˵ЩʲôһͬЦˣһЦһ߳ŪƳһѦʡ
ȥ·ϣѦճڷͷ£ǲǸ㶪ˡ
ĵǵġʵôˣ
Ѧ촽˼£âͷɥʧĴ󹷡
޵˰ȴԷ˵ĵʲôëתͷһԷίһ
˿˸ģôƵ
ദգѦʶʧ䣬ޱʾĲԷеŮġ
磬Ҫȥ̽ɣĸʮδʵѣܷʮֲԸ⣬Ϊʵ۵Ļ㲻òȥʾʾТġ
ѦʶԻƫԺֵ˶ЧźѦʵ˼Ȼྐྵ죬Ҳ̧ġ
ֻһС¹ٴкѦӻ
ѦʵͷƿŽ˷
һݣһ̹ǵϮֱ˹
ֵŵЩƫԺյ̿Ҳ˷˵Ӷϲô䣬ֱ֮ǰסĲһ㡣
ѦɻĿ̿裬˿ϸ̼յͨ죬ȼúúõġ
Ҳν綳ϰˣɡ
Ѧûǣķһֻڼ¡
겻ƣ룬һʮʱѦڻʹĴƮ޴ȥеĺֱҪƷ裬ٿޣҲȥͺ¿ɴѦʵ˭Ҳ˭Ҳ
һһ죬Դֱ֮յůڵӶź⡣
ѦһᣬŻſڵС̫࣬⣬û飿
С̫ãһ˲飿Ѧô
ūȥʳ£뿴ʲô顣
Ѧ֧֧ᣬЩɵɣԽԽá
ϵѦۣǻ﷢һߡ
Ƭ̣С̧̫һڴ䣬һС̫Ц˵ūڿⷿЩ飬ѦӿʲôҪ𣿡
Ѧʴӿ۶
ֽ̧ӹӣ̧̫öӣѦɱ˹ел
С̫ȴ˴֣ǺһЦԾǰ
Ѧʲ⣬ɻǡ
̫һۣһЦѦӺصĺܣū̧˺һ
ѦڶˣŽݣ˰һ˵Ǯ򿪡ֻһǮ
Ѧʶ˶٣ǰǮŽС̫ͷλˣȥƺȡ
̫ЦһӹǮлѦ֣ūǾͲˡ˵˱ˣѦʹţ俪ʼ顣
⣬С̫ߵԶˣİǮ׳˦˦͵
ѦһӷϷĵΪӸµĿѦʷ飬ųŪ


8 Ϧ

¶ʮ¿ʼæµΪ׼޳Сһ·ɫҴȴȻ
д乬֣¹ùæǰæָʹŹǴɨϱ˺úòֻһôУѬô٤ﲻζ˭㣿
޽ˢˢ¹ùõںԺ
üͷ΢ɼһ塣
д乬ĺԺһС԰ס󣬱һĳ˲԰ӡ
ߵԺȻųͷΪֲˡ
ѽСɽϳͷŮȥҪ§ޣɫһ䣬Ů֡
ŷӦӹŮľɾϵЦң̫żˣСŪˡ
̧ؾʩ֬ȴ˹ɫǻȻɵˣЦʱһ˫ӷ·˵Ƶģ鶯껪Ů˵ʵϲıһ˫۾˵һ˫۾а̲סҪõĶ˫ַ衣
Фĸò඼ɣʹ΢Цʱ򣬿ҲʮʮĴ޺
ôô޴ɵ֣һƬüͷԸŮȥѴ
ǣڷ˲ûŷޣͷ󡣡
΢΢ü˵˶ٻأ岻ãٸЩȥŪͺˣ㴺ʱôֱô֡
׵òСƲƲ죬Ժ󴩺㻹ô
޲˵ˣɳɫãֲ֪ˣڨڨЩˣҶǵֲңеķš
Щ˶һȼˡ
һѵúţҪһʵ۴Ϊ˵ܴ׶ѵúѵúšɳ̾ζ
ޣ
Ƿֻõͷˡ
ɺߺεǿת⣬԰ֵʲôʵһļЩʲôҲҪ֣ôණ֣
˵ܰף䣬ֵֻˡ˾²÷Ҹ
ܰ㼦Źǣʲô
·˲õĻ䣬ҡͷոùˡ
ɾɥ̾˿
˿
ˣҸ˸ɺȻ˷ܵ
һ˲ᵽɤۡ
ľ飬ô˷һ㶼ûʲô
ɸСƵܵڼ䣬ױ̨﷭˸̽οϻӣ޺ĳ˹ȥ
ϻӴ򿪣ö֯Ťӣɫ֯ɽᣬٻŽ˫ɫ߲˱ߣ»׹öͨ׹Ĵ̶ֻаհˡ
öӵ׹һһСϳˣǰϹǿ֬񴿰Ͼϸ廪֬չ¼͸ʱϹĹԱϵ¶һ޶ʵ۱㽫͸ɣ˵Ը
û뵽ɾö׹
ȡСöϵڷ޵䣬ЦǸһһһһСպãӴˣۡ
æˣ
ίͰ͵֣æȥ϶Էһּۿڷ󡪡
أСѰôɵĳգգۡ
ޣ
ճ꣬޳޻ˣ;е޻˵Ǹ϶Էпյ˼·˵СɹĵҲǣʲôʲôֵĲˣ
߶߶ģͨ˰㣬ʳΣԵⶼޣҲһӳ·ƫһһԱ²ŲʣԼ۸Ҳ֪ɵЦӭ
ȻʵЩʲô
û棬һֱ顣εȻо˻⣬Ǳ˵һ䣬żˣŻ顣
ǿʮˡЦܵҲ̫ϣСӾӦöѹôԵңϴθ͵ĺҳû
̫ɬ˵ٸ̫Ȥʵϵ黹Ҫúöġ
Ҳᱳƣģǲǣ
ӯ꾣šǡǧġ
նء
նءѦһ淭һ̫ûп飬ֶʶˣֻñ߷עͱ߿
ǡǧġcѧc鼮Ѧʿ飬ӿʼ֡
󣬿Ʋ±ʱдŤŤһһʵġ
ֱɫ͵ƣԾڿĿİĶϰ֡
ѦƮɨһۣôѧ˼Ҷһۣ
޲ɼ
˼ҿһͷ׶̹Ѧǲëûţ
ΧѦ߶߶ҲܶԷüǸ˲Լһ㡣
ѦʸɴѦʶ棬ŶԷ͵ƵĻʱž졣
°ͿŶٵԼ㵹ҳϵúܲˣô
Ѧɾǰƽôɾǰ;øϽͳɾպɻڴЯĳһ\'
Ѧɤӣģ
ǵ꣬ʵʶְʱ˵ԭ
ʱˣôף£ķޣΪλ˵Ŀ̱֮
ѦʵĶ࣬ӵĵЦ:ĵ£ûŹ㡣
ҹֵ̫ţһ˵ֵܰף˵ѦҹҲסһ
Ѧһů⣬ʣǵ£
С̫ЦҲУġ
ֵſܰףһĪչ
ֵСŷʳĹŮ֣ҪֵĲˣūҲûиֳԲǣҲֱӷ⣬ܵ˼˼ٵԵʲô
ֵ½֪ⲻԵĲ˱ִûζܰˡ
޷ɡ
ŮӦˣȻһ£ֵˣ﷽ŷԸǵöԺңոۺҡ
ޣ
һ̵Ѧȥ˵˵ԡ
Ĺݷ˼٣ޱûٴѦʣѦȥ˰ֵζ˳ֻÿԺ顣
ûȫرѣĿİ˼ջûչѦҲûٳȥƮƫԺ￴Ѧʶ顣
޵͹κңѦ᲻óԣϣÿóԵСġ
֪㵽˳Ϧա
ˣѦʾ㳣סУʱҲûؼҹϦȥ
ѦѦʽȥѦʺȻһ֡
Χǽϣ֣̽š
ִȥˣǶ¿ǽʧ


9 

ѦѦ۵ģҲ˵û˵ʹ
Ѧʡ
Ѧʲ²⣬Ӧ벻ѦһΧѦΪģһ޴ΣֻѦߵģܸġΪѦ뿪˻ʹ뿪ʹһѦʻˣҲȥˡ
Ѧǰ˼ΡṬţ߳ͬΰĻʹ
ȴûһˣعͷŷ֣ԭ¹ǽĻҪߡ
뿪ʹˣ֮ȥģһλ꣬ȥʲô
ѦʽŲסأأ˻
Ӧȥһˡ
ţѦתʹȥ
Ϧ֮ҹʹһƬϲ󣬸˵˴·ϵ֦ҲСӹ׷ʢװϯμӹ硣
޽صش͵壬˵ȻʵһϯװҲ׹öײ塣
С𡱣ΪɫԺڽɫΪǺӴŤᣬ֯ϸϸܣԿȷʵ˼ȻׯµĻϣԵòײࡣ
ϦǼ磬ʽԾʵһ壬Ҳ˸˵ʲô
ʵϯֱǻʺ͹簴λƷαŲλ
ɾڹףһλױߵӼȥɫ糣·ϰߡ
ٹӺͷݽ£ӽŬĻ̬óʳ÷ݽĻŭţȻûиҲ硣
еıֹѣʱ޽ˣһݽﻹǣšޡҪˡ
аͽ۾ƳſڵķޣһɨԷ䣬̱ˡ
ٲźۼƳһۻʵ䣬Ҳͬ壬ӴŤˣǳǴõֱʡ
һڣڡ
Ż
Ӹоؿڶµûţһ˲ʲô鶼ûˣٿһϯٹƺЦ̵ʺ̸ʲôϾߵ顣
޼ɵĺͻʵüȥ
˲ɣ䳰
ܣһͳ
һڶ̫ӷﻳִƣƸӣڿʲô
ﻳֵܼ˳òʵۣüýü۵ģ׵˳࣬üۼϡɼ֮
ͷеδϵỊ̇ͷŲԣ˵ǰ˻ʵ۲죬ʢŭĻʵ۵īҵȻ㴫̫ӱ㶫ϢֱϦղűųμӹ硣
񣬽ӹﻳƹľյָȴӻ
ﻳٲȻһɣѧΣ
˵ôһҹΣȥü⣬صڶѡѧ¡
ʫȻҪʷ۸иﻳ΢΢ף˵תͷȥǱķ޺ͷݽӶıӰ޵ķ˸ۡ
ܵǺԡﻳǵ
ӺǺһ²ۣȴĻ硣
ͻϯһӺȻסŻ˵ʱĿ
ʧŻӻŵúˣݣʺõӣúϲʱмơ
ʵü̫ҽ
ѾС̫ҽ̽һϲѶ
ʺЦϲãʱˡ
ٹĿתĿⶨڻСϣ촽΢Цأǲ֪һ̥ǻӻǹ˵ﶼöûµĻء
һ䣬ЦһĵƳɣе־ʼ
ûлõԴӷݽ󣬹λУһûбס
˵ٹݽʱҲûбס
˶ղĻɣɰж֡
ݹ˵ЩʱӲ̣в۵Ҳգжȥ˱ֵ
ǴҶ˵ǴǸĺģӲֲҰøҪֶŵĴܡ
ΪΪسҲ˵ٹ˶ŵԣʵѡϿƷ¹ְԲ빬һλʵƫƫ֪Ĵһ帾Ϊλδй°͡
࣬Ǳʵ۽ѵˣǶɣ˱㲻ȥɣ˽¶ááĺٺҷǸһﰵķûѧʶݵŪʫĳǡŮ
ΪӼҲͽֱӷޣʵֳ谮мӣٵٹĶ̥ûסַ֮׷׻̥ſʼˡ
ɣıɲء
ȥĻңȫȻûлϻõϲ⣬ĸγüߡͨϵҽŮźʳ֮ﶼҪü顣
գ񣬾ЩλϵʺһٹҲһϲΣɵĺһһְĺࡣ
羪֮񣬵ʱɫʲô˼
д乬ĹɫãȻȥֵĺ棬˵̲ҩİ࣬ū˹
ż֮ûƺñĻ˿ЦݽӲŰɣл⡣
д乬
˺󣬷޼ֱŭ⣬˵ˣʳʲôĲҪͣⲻǸ˻ôҪݺ
ƽ޶ɵ̬Ⱦǡǡúúáķܣ⻹һζɷһЦӣ˵ôأôƽʱҹϵãиҪ壬ұЩҩģһ͹ȥ
Ц˼ҲǶЩͽкˣ˽ºͻʺһɣͲˣ
ͷһμ޼̱ӣһʱЩ£ô
ôˣ¶СӼұôࡱڨڨ
ʮˡ
ɹһ˲ڨڨЦͻʺһɣô֪ģʺ㿴ҲģǸˡ
޸ոսȥĻǾ䡮Ǹˡˣ̲סü¹󲿷˶˵Ǻ˰ɣ֪֪֪֪˽ô㣿ҪҴޣͱƭתˡ
޶˶٣ǽδڵĻȥ
ʹ࣬ÿ˶ÿԼĿģɣӭвᱻƵ
һֱףλôʮ浥ģǸʽȦ̫ô
־úЦĸӲģ⣬ȴҪĸײġ
Сɵ˫Ʋǳаˣ
һһɬ⣬ͷ˿ı飬۽޲˲ˣԲĸеȭͷ߬ԿԵ
ΪɵǱ̨ʣֲѵ


10 

Ҷˡ
޶˶ǣʱ磬ˣףĸ念
˵Ťͷߡ
ߵſڣ޶˶٣ûлͷƣı˱ۣԻʳһڵ͹ȥһ˰㣬£¸˭ͷϾ㡱˵Žҧгݵ˵ôҡǺˡǳʱڣС±ӵĺá
£ۣվڵıӰ֪ˡ
лĸ¡
޴ǵ߳д乬ûôԶطԶ֪֪ĸס
д乬װȻʺҪɣΪӲãʵǽͿʹ֮ů㣬ǻʺûеĴ
д乬ʵ۾Ľϵĵ谮ε˿ȸ
һŮ
ðһ⣬Ȼίˡ
˵ʱûһ˲ĶӸô죿
Щ빬ĲŮ֪ģˣպԮڹʮôͲأ
ΪʲôͲΪ˶ӣѧŴ㣬ٲٵģıı·أʼݱĸӹԮָúȥδӣ
ֻٷЩҡƣĮš
ȣӭһɮˣһ°ģü续Ŀǡ
ɮ˫ֺʮһ
¡
޻һ񣬡ʦ
ǰµĸɮɮ̬ˣǸɮɡ
ʦʲôȥ
дЦ룬ƶɮҪȥǰμӹ硣˵ţ峯һ֣޼״̧ͷɻ
ƶɮ۵ü⣬з£ƶɮΪһľΣ
㶣ְ̧üģЦôʦЦˣҲûʲô¡ֹɮȻˡˣ
ȻЦţ΢΢𣬿ʲô¶紺绯ɢ
ȡһ̯ڷǰ޶һǴ̴顣
Цôܴ飬ԥҪܾʦ
ţֻһ鴮ָ΢鴮ȡһö顣
ޣ
̯ö飬ЦƶɮСԵμ棬Ҳöµա
ȷˣλʦĳš
ö̴ƶɮʮգƽľcɢа֮Ч³࣬ĪʧĪ
ĽŽɣ˷飬Цлʦ
Ƿ֣ƽһ⻬񣬷ǹ֣޶һԭССһöϣĿ˲ʶġ
һ֪鲢ǷƷæ֮⣬Ҳƻһ񣬵һúñġ
ݱ˷ޣֱԷߵԶˣ嵭ڣſһ˵ܵ¹Ϊ㾭ࣿѵ˵ɱˣ£
Ѧʲ̲ĵͺ¿ÿģҲ͸񣿡
Ǵ飬쵽ѦʸǰЦƶɮһʩ
ѦʱϷŽıƵʶ˼Ųһ٣Ц˵ҪȥǴ顣
壺
ֿջط飬ЩˣѰġ˸ûȤ˵ʩһֻҲûеĻԶЩá
ȻͿѦޱְͷšڿ£ٰ˲
壺
Ѧʳͷ㵱ߣ治档
壺
ѦüһƬͺ¿ԣ
߱ߵȷʵɱ֮ˡ
Ѧһ⻹õʼ飿ѷСӣҲýǼ˼
ȻЦƶɮΪ¹ƶɮ֮
Ѧøжˣ̲ס˹ơ
ҹ΢ǣùаĿۺĿѦʡ
а
ѦһƬ̺ȻЦˣһµĸɮǸʲôԭҲˡ
΢΢ü
Ѧʵ壬ƭҡ
ָ΢
˵ǱڻʹˣĻ˵еظ飬ҵʱһƬңһϸòԡѦ΢΢°ۣͣЩ⣬ҲǱʹҵҲǷޣԼ
岻ɫĿѦʣƶɮѧղˡ
ҲңʦǾúܡѦ䳰òԣҵִΪʲôԼأûɱ˷ޱɸЩ
͵ʩԼˡ庬Ц
żƲԼѦһüҴôʮ죬ˣʵԼ
ȥǸܵԼҳڹȥִڸıȥҲŻ걻ȥԼѣ˵ǿɱЦ
Ѧʴ󷽷Լ
ʦǣ֪ͨٹ»ҰЩֲɡѦۣббĿ絶·ܶȥ
崽ǵЦȥؿѦʣ·˵Ρ
һ֪ڰҺŪȥƭ˵ұʹҰĴ⣬˵ִ
ûҪƭңôǲǻһַҲ֪ģܸ
循㵵۽΢΢һ
ѦЦˡ
͵͵ЦõԸӣû׷帴ķԷ϶˵ֻҪȷôһֿܾˣʣµԼҡ
˲ڿʦҲˡѦЦһڵЩʲôҲ֪ôʵǵɮ֡
ƶɮʩɷ̫أƶɮΨֶ¶ˣֻ£ȻԵˣȻ
ʦٲߣҪٵˡѦʵ
幣һ˲̾˿ɮ۷أתˡ
ȻԵˣѦһֱĥ仰òͺ¿Ūİɡ
Ҳżˣ˵ʱôۣ˹Ҳôۣȸʮʮ꣬Ѧʵȵ


11 ̼

ԴӰǰѦѦʺ󣬷޺ѦûϵѦ誸ֵ˵ǰ̫æûʱСۣնú
ҲµѦ鲻ãûٶ˵ʲô
һææ˿
꣬Ѧ誱˻ƷְвҲ֮ǰæ˲٣ûͨϢ
Ҳʵ㹻Ϊɣȥǰ̫һÿշһϿΡ
ԭȵٸֿ̰ȤܱӹƲϣʵ۸ɴ˴ѧʿѧʿ̣æ֮ģϿιࡣ
ѦʶԽ̿࣬ϿΣϻϰ֣͵һֱҹ
꼾һ󲡣ӳĹݻʱ˳ִ磬ҹȣ̫ҽַΣڽȥ
ʱڴǰӦĳˣæ̽޵Ķͷʱ޲ŷַﻹһˡ
ȷϷ޵Ƚȥһɵūˣϻ¹̵̹ģһֱ˵
ŬŬʾ⣬˭յӷ£߶ģ壬ֻԼиӰԡ
Ѧӣȣ˵ʲôҲҪڨЦһūסѦӱһҹӣĳŲסˡ
Ѧһ֧ӣͷһһģȻ
ˣһѦһͷȥͷϣˡ
ޣ
£ˣѦʾϲվһ¶СʱĹŮ̫ӿĺ
ˡ
ȥͨº
ҩ𣬿
Ѧʱһֹ˼ߣǼȥ
ޱſڴͷôǶ£ûš
˳࣬ӹ룬СĴҪιһûһڵĺ࣬ƳѦ޴վһߣϷĺ
ȥϢɣһҹˡʹ˸ɫķ룬˳⡣
ѦʣιʹϾ
Ѧһ˲˫룬СڴϣҨһֱ㶵ıҪ
һ飬̡
ǣҴ
ü
ѦСĵĴ˴࣬۾ʱʱŷޣһôԽ£ΨַƵġ
Ѧʶͨ죬ιʱ÷޼ңһܽǰ˴Ƶġ
޾ЩЦڵģȴηηʲôԼܳƵġ
ԵԼ಻ͨƵġ
һָϣô飿Цôʳģ
Ѧεû飬ܸ¶
סˡ
Ѧʱп̿ҲŵģʼΪѦ뿼û뵽ΪԼ
ֺҲ̫¹˰ɣȴȻһֵĸоǺЦů
޽Ц㲻ôùġ
ͲָѦʲôѡֻһʱΪ˲׾ûѦʰʲô
Ѧҡҡͷ
һᣬҿ֮ǰдֵķԣû˽㣬Ҳ˽ɡ
Ȼ˼죬תͷͰһߣڰֵһ˼죬ɶ⣬ɻÿհҩජ
ֱס
Ѧʱÿڷ޴ͷ˻˵һ𣬴һﳣһ춼޸ָϲߣľͷƵģ˵ί˵ֱӵɣԵ಻ƽ׽Ƶġ
˵˾ɡ
պճ۶Сۣſڹ˺Ȼ˵Ѧ
ʱһϲɫ
Ѧ誽ϻһٷȻ˵˷Ϣӻֱӹˡ
ϹٷѦȻһɵģûΪٵΡ
һϺãȫȻԱ߻Ѧôˡ
ĵúܣһȺͷ쳳ܣ˵ҲȱǮҲȱǮѦžĸ˵𻧲£̾ΪʲôҵҪҵٰҲ뵱١
㲻⣿˵û޵
Ѧ誾㤵һۣĶңϴθտͷЩͷû˼׬Ǯ棬զôأ
Ҳ̾˿
ѦЦ̾ʲô˲˵Щܵġ
޴۵ЦЦ˭ûɼʱš
ǰզôء
զôء
갦̾̾һۺЦһţѦ˵:һ٣ȥ棿
ɰߡ
޴ڸеѦɷ羰ķü»ûȬôܳȥ磡
ü
ѦЦ:Ŷԣ»ţհɡ
޶ڵˣԣһҪȥˣѦһϯ˲ˮ
Щ˵Ҳˡ
Ѧ誣ոա
ޣߣȥ档
˵ҪѦʣһ뻹ˣɨ˵ġ
ЦЦֵˣְѦһˡ
ۿѦʣºĴϡ
ʱڣľոճ̵ϸѿؼһƬɫֳƴѣŷ̤Ѱһ֮¡
ǴһһҪĴȥԣ翪ţЩõĹŮҲװӢˬ˿ü
ѦΪĸߴ󣬻װԳֳ˵Ӣ䣬ǵһʱĿٱͿʣһʳ࣬˿ӽ񣬺üŮ͵͵ĺ
ʲôѦӾȻҵĶӹЦȺҲȻЦ
˲ĿѦ誣˼ҾȻӽ̣Ѧ̹ȻȥɵЦͲᣬ򱾹
Ѧ誱ͻ죬ڨڨƿۣûٿ
ѦֳҪôȥ̨ţѦ誱ֱһ˶໹Ǻֳ
ѦʵҸŵ¡
˺ȻЦûĶֵôѵҪ㹲ﲻɣ
޺ЦǴ˵ġ
Ѧʵžˡ
ź壬һ˲Цɱˡ
ޱҲûѦʵĻȻѦʱļ¨һ·ܲһ˿ģϷ֮ģ˫һǣ޼ۡ
һᣬ󲻼Ѧʵˣ˵᲻̫ˣֹ꣬㿴ԶԶһӰ
٣ͦܡ
ĴһἲһһһߣѦЩ
ʱ󣬷һװĻʵۣ󻹴˼ʵۻװϣԵ˼꣬ȴ˼
ʵЦСЩʲôʿ
ޣ
ˣˡ
ʵЦ֪㲻ףһûоȥ˰գ㹭ңʸ
Цĵϼ¨֪֪档
ϻ㣬ؿʸͷ¹ʵȡһ£ۣ׼ԶͷԲݵĸ¹
˵ʲôʲôʱһԵ͵Ծֻ׶󻢡


12 

ʼԳֻͨ¹֮ѱĶܣ֮Ȧ˵ǣԽԹcѱԹ
ֻϻ֪Ĵܳײ˻ʵ۸ǰ
˽ԾֻϻѸײڶ֮Ƴȥʵ׵壬δӦʶùȥ֮յ˵ͷĻצϻ
ǳȥסϻצһӵʱƷˣϻСѱǽģһֻɽл쳣
ǽֻΧһȦ˫ֲ£ʱһƬҡ
޵˾˻һǰȥ޺һϣֱֱȴһ
ѦĽ޷£ŵ˵Сġ
ܾûͷƵײײǵİΧȦȺҳһţһֻϻûһץȥҽһ˺һϻͷӣĿ׺ݵŻˣ䷢ײеĵͺ
ʵ۽סߣɱ׼ϻ۾˫ֲס
Сʵ˵
˵Ľϻкշɳֱֱϻ۾ȥ
ϻͷ΢΢һƲ⻬Ƥë̽˲ྱϻʹһ˿˺ҧ
ʱһֻ˲ʵۺͷ˹ȥ
ģ޺
ʵ۲ֱֻ̼Ҫ󣬵ʱѪĽצֱץһɼǵ˺ۡ
ʣһ˲ŵ
˽ԾȻʱϻѾȥԮǧһʱ̣һӰϻ˹ȥһȭᵽϻͷϡ
˸ߵĻһȭһᣬѦȥһ־סëһճȭͷݺݵȥѦĿ壬һ˽ϻסȭ㽫ϻѪסҺ
ϻ쳯Ѧ˺ҧȥѦһȭᷭڵأкһҪϻ
ʱڽһֻϻƷϹѦʣѱѦʴһϢĽżվס
ֻƷ˺½ǰסʵ۵ĸ첲ֹѪüĿǲֻ̣̫ҽأȥѰ̫ҽѽҩ
ʵ۵ްСġ
ѦѪסĴֱĨһδĿŷޡ
ȻһĹڻʵѪֱϣϾ˼Ѧʡ
ʵһôƲסһֻϻһˡתͷѦʣСİ
ѦӦǡ
ʵ۵ѦĶӣıֻίˡ
Ѧ͵̧ͷ׻ʵ۵˼ѾȫȻˣʵҪѦʡȻѦ̧ͷ˲Ѿ֧ŲסһƬѣǰһ˱ǰȥ
ŷ֣ѦʵıǱϻץ˵ĺۼѪɼǡ
ΪʵˣⳡԲݲݽϻΪײ˳𿴹Ұ޵ĹԱͳͳ˿֮ܲʵš
ѦԵ֮йʵؽƷУξ
㲻ȥü
Ѧҡҡͷϵ̫ֻǿһֱµİ
ͷһЩŵĿѦʣ㲻ǡ˶٣ѽĻȥ
ǲΪ˳ͷôΪʲôʵ㣬ȴȥˣ
㲻ֻǰɣ״ƿЦίʡ
ĵ³¡Ѧʵ
꣡æסѦʵĴЩţ⻰ҽȼйԻú㡣
ֻ뵱µİѦִֵ
ǸľͷĵȻȴһ˿ĸоһЩůһ̧ͷȴѦʵһƬ̫
ҲҪ͢ģȨƣֻҵİĻгͷ֮ա
Ѧϴ΢ЦһЦ޷ѦʵͦʵġѦҡҡͷ˵ҲЩ
ĵѲҪһҰҪԼı·ǣ㣬õĻᡣ
ľͷҡҡͷл¹ģֻµİ
˭ˣвͣȻͷɻΪʲôҰûʲôܸ㡣
Ա¡ѦҲͷ˰󣬡²Ҫߡ
޶ʱ˵Ǹʲôζһ˲䣬ȻԼƵġ
Ȼָоֻһ˲䣬ܿ죬ޱ⣬Ż֪ġ
Ѧʲգգۣġ
֪뱣ңǲ˵ֻܱ͢Ϊ٣ĺãиۣȻƽơ
Ҳ롱
˵ꡣЦЦ÷ˮ˵һʣܻķԺ
Ѧʻͷһα䣬ʱˣ֧֧ĵͷ·ߴӵС
޸ое۾
֪ңΪ٣ܰﵽҵȻȵʱలֵӸţҪסԻסȰ
ֵʱѦʵģǰѦܾǼ£ᵽ˰ֵڷߣ֪Ľֵ˼ҡ
ģ
Ȼ
ȥѦʵ
ĵͷ
ΪѦǸһĿʶӣʱʱһһġȴû뵽ԼδѦʣһδ
ֻԼۣûкúöѦǽľͷδЩ֮ʣú£
ˣҪ˭ģҪ£Ѧʸģ££ȴȥȻԵԽۡѭ򽥽Ļ
ѦȻ޶ˣޱ˵ҵ£ʱԸѦָ㹦Σֻ䣬໰;żһڹӸȥҲǵѦЩһ·Ѧʣ÷޷
괺Ƿɻޣƽ
㼲һտ


13 

ϻʵ˾ȻʱԣȥȾ˴󲡣ѹ֮꣬ƽ￴º󣬻ܵĲһȫˣ࣬һ
Ƕãʵۿʱ޶ˡ
ʵز̫Ӽ
ϵĺгӵ伣ĳڴ˿Ҳ׷׵̫ӡȻʵ֮ǰ̫ӣʽ΢Ҫ̫ӱ㲻ô׵ˡ
һп䶨
ǬʮעǶµһꡣ
ģʹŰٻ
еĻȻ¥׹£Ѿ͵̥δزˣԲѣΣʱɱվ
йۿɽȥġ
游ѧʿ֮꣬ǵĽǰѪҪΪָ˵
ɰٿĪ磬˶ָϡĻ
޹һŨصҩζֻҿССĴ죬紵ȥʵֻǿ˸ӣӳһصӰ
ѧʿָƿڴһĺ˿ȴþ֪Ķ񶾵ĻǰŮ˲ú
ɲ̵ֻûС
ӺĻʵ۳Ĭãڵˡ
ɳƣ˵ֵʱ˵á
סˣɵǵӺһۡ
δѣһвۣܶǲɸɵģ֮ԣδ̫šʵ
ѵǳŮԼȥĲɣѧʿ
ɣٰѵʱ˵һ顣ʵ۵
ڣѧʿŭĴϵ˵ˣվڻ󣬻ԼȥôЦһԲѣʱΣȫˡ
ջ볼ȥƸ󿴻ȥʱָԺĺĿĺãûע⵽һˤȥ˶ֳûסü
ûסģڻȥһּ̣ۿס˻ȴֻһƬ㵡
ţһֻ֣ݺһƣĿŻ¥ݣ½һ̲Ѫ
ѧʿЦһ
ɵ˼ǣԼˤȥģ޻㣿ѧʿĿɭǵɣɱˣô˿̺޲ܽǧС
ŮУӸߴˤвһʬԼȥ𣿣ѧʿ̧һָӺ󣬡ҪŮ𣿴ŮЫ˵֮ǰλزۣΪŮڰе
˻һ޵ƺֹˡ
޵ļ²ͷѧʿġʵ۴ϵѧʿҪ˵ʵֳ޺֮磬ʧ£ԽΪ֣д乬
˾㵵˫ۡ
ѧʿӲȶ񸾣ı¾£˭֪ݼд乬Ȼʺ
汦ּȥ߲źҲһʵϣɹ
Ǵ乬ֻзĺŻᱻȥ˷Ƿ輴ɵһ˵ȥ˾Ҳˡ
ѧʿ㶣ʵ۱Ȼ˾ͳȥ
ѧʿ֪Ѿǻʵòˣǹ񣬡ϳл£ϳˡ
汦£м仰Ҫ
˳ȥ󣬹Сع˵ţ޹ʣ˻ʵۺˡ
ʵȭͿȳԭһֱš
ɻæǰƿӣڴĻʵ۵ıΪ˳
Ӵֵģ¼䣬ԭĻʵ۾һȦ·ʮꡣ
ɴۣ̾ˡ
ʵƣ޻סˡ
֪
סСˡ
֪
ʵ۲ΡΡȥץɵ֣߬ġɵֱѰŮҪҲǽͻ沼ϼ룬һҲ˵֡
㲻ңʵ۲ʵûа취ҲˣǱҪ
ȻˡĪһۣһԺӵĲ˶ûˡ

ʵ۶˶ٵھ֡
øұȫҸо̫ʡ

ʵһαɵĻɹҭסɿŻʵ۳Աӣ͡һЦ˳
ڻʵۼϣŻʵ۵ͷ۵û¡
㡣
סˣҲ֪ΪʲôҪƿҡҧŴѵ̴ŲţΪʲôҪңǹϵôá
ʵնɾ㵵̧ͷҲҲ̫ҽܡû˵꣬˻ʵۻ˼
Ҫˣһҧɵģʱ֤ȷ䣬һҴ㡣
ɻ㱵գգۣ״סס
ŴңҴδǹǣΪʲô֪ǶϲңƲңΪʲôҪٻôң޵ҪԼȥ
˵˵ƴ˿ǻ㣬ã˶ңֻԸ˵֪ʱƿң¥ʱҵô
ӱʱûô࣬ﶼ𣬹ԼûסкöѪҪȫѪˣΪҪˡ
ʵ§סļ磬̧Ϊȥ۽ǵᣬǰ˵⹬˭š
ҡҡͷۣ۽ǵỬµӣٿȻʧ
ţ۰Ҳѱôֻܹңʶ˲ˡ
һǲףΪκңпԣһ˿ڼȻƺ˵ǻʺˡ
ʵȴЩ̣Ĺâ̫ʢһʱЩĸЩ¡ǻʺ̫Ҫ㣬ˡʵ̾˿ҵˣ̫˲񡣡
ǲʺʲôϵ
Ҳ̫ˣϵ¶Щģ̫ӳӲˣҹܲˡʵ۱ۿڴͷϢõ̷С֣ĵľСϴ³çԸ϶СȴܷͿһźС˼ء
ƽװĹԹɣͷȴ˭࣬ΪװĺãȴҲ룬ʻ˼ʮ꣬ܿ͸СС˼
ҪС㶣ˣѹ֣Ҿ˵ʲôñ˵ǵġ
˵ĶԣٻŻϧ֮飬˿ȴȻ˸ĳ
ҲǵƣҲ붮ҶνҪҵҲбòСҪСԲС
Żʵ۵ۣǰЩʲôҲ֪˭Ҫ뺦СҾɱ˭Ҳһ


14 گȫ

¹
ʺ޵
ﻳ˳δҴ¹ȥ·˷׷׹
¹İ£ʺŷһɰµϢ
ʺϺȲ裬ۺʱĶׯԼ޹ʱҲױͦñֱų粻ٹ㻪ȴʤڶׯϡ
ﻳǽ˵ڣǱԾ˳š
ﻳһڣʺŴ򿪡
ǷﻳתѵŴ󿪣һۣΧûˡ
С£ģﻳʡ
ʺ赭дƳһۣ²յԼȥģ뱾ʲôϵ
ĸ󣡡ﻳü
ʺ΢΢һЦҶ˵ʲô
ʿ϶ˣֳ֮ɣ̫ˡﻳǽüͬɶǲû̫вĸһǼ˸ʡ
ɶûвǷ޶вʺ
ʲô˼ûôﻳҡҡͷ˸Ц㡣
ʺ̾˿ӣȷʵ³çԸһţհǰ˺󣬷ŲҲ֪ìܵԸôһϵġ
ʵ㣬Ӧеסʺ
ﻳһﾡ壬Ҷͷϵİ̻ûȫأҲ˶ãңҲȥա
گʺһ£ۣԼ裬
ﻳͷһݡ
㡣ʺյɨһۡ
گô֪ʲôʱ£ﻳǲŵ
ǿӣ죬ΪԼܷƸꡣʺѵǰ£֪گ²صı˭͵λ˭Ҳ֪ȥǷޣǻһ̥ˡ
ﻳԴ֮У˺һᡣ
ʺƵĺŲ裬ĵŶԷЩϢ
ôǾگҲǷӡﻳǻ㱵Ҳţʵ۾ȻگҪǲ֪һϢ¾ҵҵ⼸Ϊ˼¡
ʺһָñƲȥĭȥˣأܼλ
ﻳǱʺһ̭ɫвˬȴֻ̡
ٹ֮ŮֽȨ󣬻ϱͼɵ÷ӼλʺЦЦɵҪΪƾżԽһȴҲ룬ӹŵ񣬻ʵɻıרȨ
ﻳǶˣܱͰٹģΨհظʲˬѾã
ʺĵͷ㸸ʿɲϲôģܵıǷӡ
ԴƣȻ棬˸ԷȶҪ󡣡ﻳǷ
ȻʵʮδɷҲ÷޸ƱҲпΪ˱ĸӡʺЦʱΪۣǿƵ࿹⣬Ҳǲܵġ
ﻳףӦ͵˵һ̥Ҳпܼλģ˵Ǹ̥
˴˿̣ﻳѾȫȻ˻ʺļƲߣľ壬ĸһʯ񱻱ᣬһҲǣܣʱ㸸ܣҲÿǳ
ʺͷЦһٻ游ôһ壬鶼ȥˣҲҪ˵Ҫ߳£ıõ±ʵˣ̥ûˣúýҲǺٻϵġ
ﻳЦ
أȥˣѡ¥׹µп£һסˡʺҡҡͷΪ̾Ϣһ㣬ɣ汦ã´֪ýж༵ԸҲҪʧ衣
ﻳǶ˶ٵ֮ˡ
˵ţ˫ָ߾ʺһҾлĸ㣬Ҫĸ󣬿¶ҪһֱΪˡ
ʺҲ̧Ҳʲô£ԺģǱǿ׳ĿˣĸһֱΪЩյÿԼ
ﻳӦǣȴޱȣ¹󣬿ͷӻôگ˺úңġ
ڻʵ޵ǰһ죬̹Ȱ˼Σ޶޶ԣȻʱȥˣʵʼûд򿪵š
չģף޹ͷԷ裬ӲסΡ
㱼ƺǰһӰ૵ĺʡ
Ѧʵ¡
գգۣſǰǴ׵ѦʣͳһףԵøߴʡ
ѦĬƵһ࣬ϥһ
㶵ĿһѦʣΪȣڸʵ˵ƣİڰ֣ʾѦʿߡ
Ѧʵ¡
ޱɹͷΣҲùˣû˵Ĭ˶ԷһΪ
Ϧʵûǰһڱ˹ȥѦæһ޿Լļϡ
̽޵֪ʵ˵ЩʲôһѦʹ˸ɫʾѦʴ޻ȥ
ѦҲû˵ʲôĬıߡ
ĸĪ乬ʵֲԸޣһʱ˶Է޶е֮˼ѦʱɥĸֲѦ׷޵ĸܣֲ֪ôοޣ챿ֻĬŷޡ
ӻʵ޹ֵһξ룬޹ʱûгСΣŹģѦʱ˺һᣬ;л˼
СʱѦʸպײ̫ӺѦ誡
Ѧ誸ڷﻳ࣬ͷﻳ˵ʲôû뵽ѦʣʱһΣѦʻﱧŵķʱһ㶡
ﻳҲһȵı飬ôˣ
ѦӲˡ
ﻳǱͿһʣô£Ǳͷ̫ҽ𣿺úչ¡
Ѧʣǡ
˲Ѧ˵Ѧ誱ЩΣһ˵ʲôֲ˵ӡ
ʱ򶨻żĹ̽ڣѦûиޣ̽ˡ
·Щ֮
ѦƳûƳѦһۣŷ޾ֱˡ
Ѧߺ󣬷ﻳЦЦƳѦ誣˵誺ĺãȥôǲá
ѦЦֲ̫ҽȥҲҡ
ﻳһüƺΪȻ˵ҲǡŻһתպ˲ǵȥ̽̽ҪȻԵʯĳƵģͲˡ
Ѧ誣ⲻ𣡣
ѦҧҧЦ½ѵǡ
ѦʱŷһᣬֱԶˣȻ˻˵ĳ
£ѦʽŲһ٣ͷȥޡ
𶯣ްѦʵĻ￴飬ץŶԷ·
ѦʲҶˣվԭؽƬ̵̣
Ȼˣڿޡ


15 ͻ

Ǭʮ꣬ʵѳ̱ڴ϶ãԷҩҪźɡ
汦ֹؽһ꣬ںΪ˽ֵɣ̸
Ѧһ˵ƽƣһ꣬ƷѦ򱻵붫Ϊְͷûм档
ʮʵۺ̫ȴδ£ȻÿϳĹݶ顣ʵ۵̬ԣ֪λԵˡ
̫Ӹɴ˻ͣ˳ĹݺͰֵ÷ȥطͬѶ߲ȵֵͣſȸֻѦÿշĻסŷޡ
ݽӳ÷ɿ죬Ҫǰ߲֦ѿƵĳԭֺھԵͤͤҲ첻٣Щ΢֣ȻСС۵ģԲԲһŮģ
ģݽӦúͷòǣһ޺ӡĸһ˫ۣһʢˡ
Բڴ磬Ȼ磬Ȼۣÿƽʵҳһࡣ̫ƽʢãսҷ
Ǭʮ꣬³ҹͻ˺ȻٱͻϮ˼ͻ˾һȺǣִ߾̶һ֮ڣͻǳأر߹cս֮ƵĹϽǹͷڳš
ϢǣԾ˼ߵȥ߹ɱУΪϽ
Ȼһȴ͡
һսһͣԹпܵ⡣
ͷʽ޷Ǹ޹һ۽ȥǳػƽǧͲƥ˫ʮ갲
Ǵ£ֻǹϽʵҲһܺ͡ս񡯱Ľˡͻ˽սްܼĹ˽ͷ­ţһڴĵӡ
ﻳۿûֱ˦˴ϣһŽͷĴ߷˳ȥ
ﻳƿڴ͢ٺ»ΪЧǾ͹뵽ô汲µĽɽ𣿡
һȥʵѾͷ׷ݵòΣ·ʮ꣺Ͱɡ
ﻳ۲š
ʵ۱۵ô죬˭ܽס
ﻳֻÿЦ򲻹㲻ˣ˭Ͻ֮飿
ֻ˴һܣﻳʱ䶪һ䡰ʣˣЩ¾ͱˡ
ˣʱֻñ庮̧ͷƣȻеϾҪˡ
ֵ
Ҫս޳һ
Ѧʵͷһȥֻֽ࣬Ŵڷ࣬вŭļơ
갢ʷձϽϹһֻۣһֱģֽˣָոͻʿɺ֮λ˷ս۱ֽ֮Ͻ˭ܽס޺飬üͷ
Ѧʵֺʵڲǿսĺʱ˵ʷ»һʦΪսթϽ֮սܾʹļƲߡ
˭
Ѧʣʷա
һᣬʵǲ׵𣿴ŰʷΪ˿ɺ֮λɱе֣
Ѧʽ͵ֻһмıԣֶ԰ʷĹɱЩҲļƲߡ
̾˿һսӮ⻼Ѿûа취սˡ
Ѧվȥ̫˵
ȵȣ޿ЦõסΪתӣôɵ㶵ǵģȥǻûڱ㱻̫ҵ
ϧϵǲҹˡ޺һȥ
ﻳһУɹС˧ٱַͻʡ
ºһƥս˾ſڣϱǹ˼ҴСͷ­ƥսǹСԡ
һⰢʷױдţ˵֮ѱ
˼ұ𣬾Ļ̻̣һʱ˵
ʱʷȴ£͡
ʷſڱҪʮǳأƽʮ򣬲ʾĽѺ͹ķˣԸϲԭΪ׵ܰʷȢ
Ҳ˵ݽûзˣͻѾãȢ衣
ʮıҪ޵ͻȥ˵סĵطûУ¶ëѪءһŮ
û˵Ҫްɣ͢ӦûŴȥɡһŮС
ʲôѽΰ̣˼Ҷˡ
ѵҪ޹ȥ˵ͻʿɺǸܵǸзϣ
ֹзϣ˵ǵܵԲбеãԻأ
Ůֵס죬ǹ޹ȥǡ
վڹľԺ˽̸ûֱ𣬼Ҫѿ
ȥȱУ
ŮŷķӣʱһæġǺŮˣԶ˻˵Ĳҽ
־ŭסĴһᣬ彣Ҵҵȥ
ﻳǱʵ˸ѪͷˤҩҵͷѪںڵҩ֭һ̴ҪΪﻳǲȴһߵһߣһǱĻ˶
ߵſڣﻳǱ㿴ӭ
ɫ䣬νʣһǳɣֱָﻳǵؿڡ
ӳ˫ŭҰݽ޹ȥɱ㣡
ﻳоһţһ
ʲô취ǰˣﻳ޴룬㵱ݽ޹ȥʲҲ롱
Ҳġﻳ૵
ֻθһ󷭽Ķģǰһݣʲôȥˣ֮ǰΪʲôͣҪô˵Űݣ
ǶӦͣﻳ־ŭδս԰ܣǴ磿
ؿڱӵĽ⻮һ˿ڣڸϾ˼
Žֲס㾿ʲôʱƣ
ﻳããǶô粻˵
ýȥôӱ
Ѧôӵ˰ν򣬵ʱŵûɢ
Ѧ誣⣡侲ô£æȥ
⧲Ѧ誳źˣӽһ˦Ѧ˦ʲô
ȻѦôһţ侲࣬ûٽָﻳǣֻǳ޵Ķҹô죬ҲãôҲãҪǸҰݽ޹ȥɱ㣡
ֱ꣬׵ﻳһǱݺݵĶŷӵıӰҪԷıӰƳһ
Ѧ誣ôˣѽ̫ҽ
ﻳ룬Խ˵һ֣
գӵ˻ʵ۷̫ӵּ⣬ﻳǹڵϣн߬گ飬۽Ǿŭ


16 ı

һ
ﻳѾŭƽĸһĸֽ岻ѣվͻ̫ӻ㡣
ﻳǳһ׼ˣ
ĸ׼ˣ͵ȵһ¡
¯մһСҵ¯ɢɷۣ͵µһһƬ
һĬ
ﻳ˼ãڴ⣬ɡ
ϺͿˣҲ˭ﻳǲмһñҵģֲҲТ֮£ʵڲ
ĸǺǺǷеƣҹ£Ƿĺʱ
ﻳ΢΢һЦҹʣͻ͵δˣʱж֪گˣ
ĸطҹˣʣ޵ˡ
ﻳǵͷУܺﶢ㣬ܣʲô
ĸ˵һţְ־ѦʣˣҪ£Сķ
Ѧʣﻳüͷһ飬Ǿڷˣжʱ˼ƽϡ

պͻʹǩԼԼ˫ʮ갲̩
ͻҲԼϡԭӭȢݽ
νĲԭһؽһλȥ󾭵ĸɮµһͨΪɫʵΪ亱Ϊ
ǰսң䵽շת䵽ͻС
ֽͻԭ˵Ƿϲԭʵǽ軨׷ô档
ֻǶԴ˵ʧãȴϲ£κΡԭҪϲ
գݽűϼ£һµ𽳵̶ҵĳ˾ǣٹһҹ֮˰׷·ʮꡣ
ʵ۱źźҩɫҰܣ˺þò̵˵ȥѳ
ּ⣬˳⡣
̳źȴԱһգͷĴҴңǰȴǶķ
޵ˣһת˳
˵ˣ
ʵۣ޻˶ˣʱگˡ
ǰΪʵñǣ̯ӣ˭˭ù
ʵҲЦЦ̫Ǻɤ̲סֿҲ룬һûϢϴᣬȴ
˱㲻˵ˣڻʵ۴ǰһᡣ
ʵɳ޻кö໰˵
˵ʹۣţʱȻϸ졣
˾ˣ
ԽԽ죬ϸϸ·һȺ˿ĽŲʵһ˲ʲôæ죡ȥֵС
˱нӵĲҽлƼž
д̿͡
˳ٳδŵĿŻʵۡ
ʵگ⣬ô죡ΪһᴫλСڿ϶һҽگһ˴ɱȥߣ
Անɱһ죬ſ׵ʿŶ롪
ͬʱӰһԾ⣬˲ʧˡ
Ŵ󿪣Ѫӿ˽ﻳǹŻɱ̤֮Ѫ˽һɱ
ﻳĮȻگģʡ
ֵ
ްԺﶺȻһˣףѦʡ
޲㲻Ѳ
ѦɫҰףҴҵߣ̫ӹ䣬ѾƵǰһֵҸоԱϽܹˡ
仰ը˸⧲
ӷ£ʲ
ѦקסޱߣҴߣ
ޣȵȵȡ
ѦͣޣһͷǺŭ£
޼ٵĴ˼ǲܴǳȥ
ߵֵһŴİˣһǽǻһ޷ƿѦҲȥæῪȵȫŲߣ¶һĵص
ѦĿࡣ
޲ǰʶԣصͨ⡣
ѦѾȵ˵ˣ״סס
ʹ֮ҪڵصҪܹ˶ĿѶȿ
˺һᣬѦʲʵ˶á
ޣһɡ
Ѧʣ
˵ȥĸȻ֪ΪҪ֣һ£ĸȻᰲȻھȥҪ˷ˡ
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ޣǣȥĸסٶҪ죡
ѦʳصĵͷһԾΧǽˡ
ѦһᣬʿǵĽŲ㴫˹޺һ١ţΧǽ⴫ɱǹţŹǵĲҽһš
Ѧʻû
޵ϣԾµصͷĶѶѣľ塣ѦҲ֪˵صڣһĸҲӵص
صæڵģһһֻܹǰߣմһͷһĻҡ䳱ʪζֱֱ꣬ǺͷԷ¡
Դһǰɱ乬̫ޱ˸ۣ͵͵˸ص˵벻ʱԼΪĶǣȻԼһ
һһǰţҳһš
ôˣѦôûĸûг£̫ΪʲôҪ֡
ӳȥ˸ô죿
Щʼδ½ѹôֱڣȻЩš
ӳȥ֮󣬸ôأ
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صܳܳ޺˼һԼͷҵĽŲʹʲôѪɺӵĹ⾰
ԶֳСС⣬ص֪ߵ˾ͷ
ӳȥˣ
޶һᣬѦʻû
ǲǳˣ
޶ʱڼžĵصԵޱƵġǵҲ޲һסؿڣصĹȥ
Խǰߣ޵ľԽôûá
ߵصڣСȥΧ̲ݴܺãûˡ
˿˵ص
һ˷޲ϡ
Ѧþˣ¡
ͫٿȻŵŤͷѦ誣
Ѧ誵ı󣬾Ȼվżʮʿ
˲һЩڵϣˣң
֣Ѧʶһ䡣
޼ܿƵķѦʱ
ֻѦ֪صںδ˵ΪγٳΪ飬Ǹ̫ӴϢȥˣôô
ҲǣȨƣѦʿϣͶ̫ȥ˰ɡ
Ѧһװ̫ˣʶѦʵʱѦôڣˣôܻĹ
Ѧνġֻڵߡ
޴
Ѧ誣ıɱ𣿡ļŻѪǿʹ
ֵˣһһݡ
̫ӵѦ誵
Ѧɱң̫վͻɱ㣡ڲϣȻһµӣߵ
ܿͲ̫ˡѦ誵˵պǻΪұǹ
ǲ֪ʲô룬£̫ӻţ
ҵȻ֪Ѧ誴ϵ䣬ٸЦӯӯǸ컬竴δڹƵġ
㵽ΪʲôЩȻ㵱껹˵㲻ϲȨƣ׬
¾͵ǸѦ˰ɣ
ѦŭɲǼ̽ʣ׹һѦǰȥŷһֱѦ誽ΪѰ֡
Ѧ⧲Щһģæһг޻ȥʿһӵϣǹꪷ׷׳޴ȥ
Ŷֵ̽ղԷ˶ڣüЩҵɼڡܿ죬ޱˣýֱѦ調ˣˤڵϹ˼Ȧ˿ѾȻţû̽ॡһء
ʿӿްڵϣ۾
һӣҪҵ⡣
ԶȻٵһ˻Ƴգ˾ĻͷȥֻԶ̹һƥɳ۶
Ű׹һһԾгӳʿͷ­˲ءʿ˫󣬱ãȻ·δ׷±㱻ͷ
ɢȥճһϸӰóϽѪòײеҹ档
˭Ҷ


17 

ϹĽŵĽ⡣
ڷǰ˫ֺʮžģ¯ȼ㣬˿˿
罫ҶͽãݺҶӴƮȻأûзһ˿졣
建ۡ
ǽ
ѦпűϣǴЦҲ֪ʲôʱֵġ
عͷ˫ֺʮһ񣬡һδʩ
ͦͦãͺ¿Ѧͷ֣Ȼ̤
ǰĽȥֵĿ޵:ͦÿ˵־ͳȥ
һ糯ѦʵϮѦѸջ֣عͷЦĶ壬ٵýһ¶ô
ջ֣վЦ
˾ű˴ˣڱ˭Цһ仨
ԷⷴӦѦʸȷͬѰ
˼
ҲˣҿѦʵ˵תĶֻǺƵġ
Ѻ͹ֻ
ǿǿˣǷշתصҲ֮ҡ
ʵ۰ⶫ⣬ô죿
ѡʱգɰɮӭػ¡
ѦȻĵͷƵ:ô˵ǿǿ
仰˵꣬Ѧʱ㲻ٶ˵ǰӻ
Ĭһᣬ:ͻʵǿǿҪѺ͹Ҳûа취
˵ﻳǱͻ̸Ըӳ룬Ѻ͹ȥסѦƵĿӥЦЦĶۣ˴֪˵ЩʲôﻳǱ㼱ҴҵĽѺ͹ͻʡ
ȥӦ˵ǽôɡ
ɫ䣬̾˿:ʩȻ޹ʶ
ǺǺǡѦʵҾͺ棬
ֱ˵˰ɣֻǸ
̫Ѧʴϵ⡮ֱ˵ʮž٣רڿҷﻳǴȥɡ
壺ٺٺ١
ܿδɹ۹ˣ۳ʲôˣѦóƤֱ˵
ٿȻһ֣ʩô֪ģ㾿ʲôˣ
ŶѦʵﻳҧǻڷȫˡ
壺
ʲôˣ㲻֪Ѧü»Ұˡ
δ䣬ѦٿȻֳȥͬʱһѦʱȥ
˲䳾һһкһ
ͬһʱ̣
ѦʱܹĿŷ˾
ڻʹ䣬ǻʹƫƧĵطûݣİ䲻
ھҲȥʱѦ͵͵Щճ
İܲ;мϹ״񲣬󺰴СѦ֪ס˾㳯ɵסȥ
ֻɵľôףȻϾɣΧ˻ݲݣһĿ
װ¾ɵĵڿһˣѦʸ̤͸оԣٿһͷ
һ֧նǽϡ
Ѧۡ
ϲѦʹȻ汦֡
һʿӰ
ܼϸ㳯ѦȥѦѸݣ֮յĶܹꡣ
ģѦŭ
㻹ȵԼɡͷʿ˵
ѦȻεʿΧ˲һ
Ѧʴʱ뷨ֻдȥ룬Ȼ̫ǷǱǲҲ󲻵塣
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Ψдȥȥޡ
á
Ѧʱն˽ʣۣȻϾͬڷϵ֮ұҲ
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Ѫ֮ʹʵʵģѦȴ߶ûкһֻ΢΢ü
Ҳûкõȥһ°ɮȾѪһ
ʩֻƶɮһѡ
˵ĸҪһ

ѦٿȻţɨȥһܣѦʵƷ漴ؿһġ
⧲ƵǰֻԡһǾѡ
ƺһ
ѦЦ¹ƽˣʣһֻˡȻ˵ŻһҲϵĽ̽ȥ
żһ㳯ѦӹȥҪýʣõֱֻ۳Ѧʵļͷץȥ
ҹдôҪΪһ˽⣬Ҳ㸴
ȻΪβԣҺθɡ
Ѧʱ۾Ƶģһ̽ץס󣬳һһһŤ
Ѧʣû
зסѦʵֱȥ
壺ʩ˵ϲ
Ѧʣ̫صɡ
Ͼƶɮרڿ
ѦʱסϣϵýδܻҪܹδĻ¡δˣǽδ𣿡
壺ţ
Ҳ˵ǿ⵽ģǵδ
Ǹۣһ˲Ѧһʱ۰ѿ
Ѧ˫ͺͺģȥһ˲䣬Ѧʾۼ£Լٶγµֱۡ
Ѧʿʱֱ۸պγɣԹ֮ŵĽ
һֻһ˲䡣
ץǽضϱۣסˡ
Ȼʲôûз
Ѧʻվԭأǽؽ
һƶɮ˵á
Ѧʣȷʵ޴ŴɫۣΣдõگϸӡ
ſڣͳһѦʵ״
ѦЦͼȾָһҲԼϡ
ηУѦ˰ŭҪɱң
̨ϣֻµѦͷء
ǰһĻĻǰ
ǰѦŽ档
ǰһת
ܰѩ޺Ѧңң
Ȼȴһѹ£ңңָѦʡ
ѦʵɱҰɣ¡
ѦٿȻۣ𣬼ҪеĽ顣
ʲô
һĻǰδֹʲôʱ
ܹ۹ȥδѵδ
ܣ
ֻѦŽһٱ䣬ʶԣæʣô£

Ѧʻ˵ɵڵأѪû
ȥʿֻǼʿվš
˵ǿȻҪǴ˶࣬Щȫû
Сӻû
ˣ˵ڣɣ컯
ˣ̫ӽȥ
ʿǽ̸ţ߹Ѧࡣ
ѦһϢڵϣѪ۾૵¡
á
ѦãȻ޴Žڸոտĳ
ô
ѵҲᱻɱǹȥδѵעᱻɱ
ô
ĹâԽԽʢѦʰסһ㡣
۾㵡
ţâһѦʲӰ
Ӱ̵ֻǰסһ죬ϳڡ
˻Ұ׵㵵˵

ڵϵѪ˻ۡ
Ѧһ֧أܣһƬʬɽѪ
˺þãۣǻģĹһĨаЦݡ
¡
Ѧ򴽣һĨ׹⡣


18 

ǰʬ˵һأѦ誵ڵϣŵòסŲȫѪʱմֵѪ
ʱ䣬ȫǰŮɱˣ޷֮
Ѧ־壬Ŵŵ˵
ɵõ֣ءӸ۴ѦСӡ
Ѧ誺û鴤̣̣Ҳˡ
̣ҶСãʲôҪ㣬㲻ﻳǻһûʲôǸи־򡣡ֱָ̧֣ڵصѦ誣ֻ㣬ʮ꣬СֵʱûһΣ
޴ۡ
ҡѦ죬۵һ˿ˣҲûа취ǱƵȫҶѺ̫̫ӲңҪɱ±ġ
ˡޱۡ
Ѧһ˿ţûɱ£Ƕ̫ӵˣҸոǴ⹥£ȻûϮû뵽պˡ
ɶĶ·ж˵ĻǼ١
ĩˣɻ˵
£¾ңô뺦أ㻹ǲǵ֮ǰѦż״Ρ
ӱסɵĶһ١ɵӣɡ
ɻعͷ˷һۣգգۣûٿȥ
Ѧһ
лл°ѦȻҽгӰǰһ̼ϱʮ
˵֣ɡ
Ѧ誰Ѫ۵˵˼²վæתˡ
޶˶٣ʰ˵ɢĹ
һֻס˷޵Ķ޲̧ͷɡ
ɳҡҡͷ
һ̧̣͵һӣͬʸƿշɳһİ׹⡪
͡һѦ誵ĺ󱳣Ѧ誾㵵תͷӻ˼ΣȻء
ٿȻۡ
ɵҶ˼ܻš
ʧǵ֪ո˵ĶǼٻֻҪһȥ̫ӣ׷Ҷ֪һЩЩܡ
ķ޵ıٻң֪㲻ģǣֻҪǵĴڻв㣬ǾͲܻ
㶵Ŀɣһ̣·Щİ
ЦЦ㲻һֱ˵̫ôѧˣô飬ֲˣ
ζӳ£ҡҡͷ
ҵھͳǣߣ͵ϣЩ㶼ϡɽ޷ټ˵֮ߡ
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ɣ˿ߡ
ʱԶܼ٣һᣬ׷ˡ
ˣҴߡɷޱ󣬡ߣܿ㡣
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תΣһɨմѪĹȹڿлԲޱű鶯˫գҲգź󷽣ҡ
󷽵Ժڷޱϣ¡
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ͷ
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Ȼײײţɲ㱻ˤŭѷɳˣôš
ŶŶæ֣ʸʱʱɹŵһžսЩ
ԽԽ󣬱ûˣսսʣ׷𣿡
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޾ϲҪͷŭ㿴·
ָŵתͷȥԴӱŮ׵úܣǲǲ
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Сˣ
ʦܣӦһ󡣡
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ЦţǱˡ
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ޣôôš
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أ
նغ̺ӵǱ衱
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꽫ܵûʪ͸ͷϣǰ·ɳĲ࣬мѵнš
ªţɵڽޱűţˡ
عͷͨһɴȥ
޲ҽһ̵˹ȥ
ڵϽۣĿں͸Ͳһ֧ѪѾȾš
ľȻ߹ȥ̽ɱǶˣûһ˿Ϣ
νߣպҲɵʬǰ㶵ģˡǧġһ䡣
رһҵŭ˺ѷθεѡ
ԽԽ󣬷ޱˮļۣ˵ǰΪɵꡣ
ѡʵңԺĻcҸǧģ챳ҲʳˣķۺңҳԶ٣Ҳˡ
״ε˵ɣ̫Ҹط꣬ȥݺòãʦܣݺóԵô࣬㲻ϲԺóԵô
ԶԽԽ޳ţԹԵ˵㲻ǻҪȥҸôҲġ
һ˫ѥӳ˷ǰ޵ԺǸԺӣʲôʲô
ţޱһɴ޻л㱵̧ͷȴѦʵ
Ѧʣ
Ѧޱקŷ޵죬ݺݸһȭ
һȭλ۵ĹӣŵĲô
ѦɿһȭޱĵڵϣûѦʵȭͷһ½һµڷϣޱĺ޻֮оԼͷҪѦʴϣֻӻסͷڶѦʵȭͷ
飡һޱѦŲӰϡ
ֲڵĥۣڲϵ𽥼أֻоǿҪˡ
𽥳룬۰Ϸ˫ץžĴҪվͽ޹
޶ŴòܺǻпʼʹûɵץѦʵ֣þǻһϢѵʵ
cҪcɱcң


19 ιҩ

޾ĿѦʣͫ΢΢ɢˮۿӿգ۽ǵСҲ·޹
ҪˡѦĮš
ˣԼĳͱˡ
Ѧȴǲģ⼸˼ҹľɱ˷ޣִҲħ
ڷϾҪˣȴûһ˿˵顣
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ѦʽޱһͷĴָУһᣬ޻ûκηӦ
Ѧʷġһŷ޵һᣬϵʪһߣͷȥ
һȥϢʼҵĿ
ѦʼϢڵϣȥǣɵʬͷڷɳϣǣƥȥ
޸оԼ˺óóΣһǰָɲ֪֯ʲôӵһͷ飬ɽĹ£ݽſӱϣ۾Ŀʱʱ͵һϵĵģһᣬʽ
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ѦҲˣںڰﹴ𴽣ֻŷ޵ķ򣬡㸸ˡ
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仰ʵ֣ȴûѦʻĳ֮⣬ֻľȻҡҡͷ
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ѦʵķԸȥ˾ɣûҵȴЩ̫ӵ˴ȴұ㣿
޷·˵һơ
ѦʣҲǣѦôڣˣôĹ϶Ͷ̫ȥˡ
ͨ죬Ҫȥҡ
ǷһѦŷ޵ķ򣬵Ѧң뱨ġ
ţѦʻһתڣһˡ
޴룬ѦʵҾһء
˵ΪҴ˵ģ⻰û˵ѦȷʵΪ˺ܶ£οѦϵҲȫΪԼԵʡ
ǣҪ뿪𣿡޴Ҳǣûʲôܸ㣬Ҫ߾߰ɣлл㡣
Ѧû˵
򴽣ʱΪʲôң
Ѧʣ
ûͣѵҪ˵ɱѦʱͷۡ
ޣˣˣлл㣬Ѧʡ
Ѧ룬ŭô׷Ҫɱ㣬ȴһֱǿޣǸġ
޳Ĭ˺þã˵˵ĶԣʱӦôܣ˲¡
Ѧʣƭȥˣ
Ѧ̲ס룬޵ͷǲǱԼˡ
ޣģ
ѦʣճǣҿиɷӾʹסˣ̫׷㣬͵ߡ
أ
ˣſڡ
޻㱵ĵͷѦںڰһᣬ޵Ҿǰô
Ѧʵͷʾͬ⡣
Ҿøʲĸʲô˶ƲҺĸ׵ĳҾ˶оģƴȫ֤ԼȴָһҲҡ
Ҫ˯ˡѦʴϵ
˵⣬ûаҺͷǷһλϣҵҿȨһҲġԹԵ
Ѧʸ޵Ǳۼ¡
ڲŷ֣ѾܼķΧõԼϧ㡱
Ѧ̲ס䣬ô˵Լ
Һܺãȴһֱ㡱˵ȥˣԼ̫ˣѦʶһֱĹȴӲ⣬ôƺͲ¼ɡ
˵Ѧ
ϧ׵̫Ƕˡ޵ֻˣѦʡ
飡һѦ͵һȭҵǽϡ
һcôˣ
Ѧʲ㱻仰ҧгݣںڰݺݵĵŷޣŬû£̫жˡ


20 

գ磬ˬ
ʱѦѾӰ֪ʲôȥˡ
⡪ڳ治Ǹ
һᣬѦʽˣһֲۣҸ¼һҩ˽
Ѧ誴۵ֱѾӺˣӦѦԵʱӵĹǣֱѦʰᣬѾ̧ˡ
Ѧʷ·˴ǰҨһҩյߡ
޲ΡΡһֻ첲ȥҩ룬Ѧʿһۣһ룬˿ɾûˡ
ڨڨջ֣ԹԵѦιҩ
ѦʣﻳȫǼ㣬Ϊ㻹ھǣ˶ͻѲˣǵþߡ
۾һҪһߣ
ѦʽŵҩͰ·ˣߡ
ʣȥģ
ѦʣԶ뾩ǡ
˵˵ȥСͶ
ѦĲɵġšһ
ҲûҪҪȥݣվԷԽοȥʲôͶСˣӴ˹͵
ҪҷﻳǱ𣬿ɥ֮Ȯô
һҩܿף޺Ȼʵʲôҩ
ѦĪǡ
ޣǸ˵ģôȣ
Ѧû˵
޿һ۴ͷĴֲ£Ȼ뵽һ⣬ѦʺǴҴææģϿ϶ûжǮģĶֲȥ
ʣϻ𣿡
Ѧʣûˣô
ȻѦһýʣҩ·ԼѦʺȹҩǲΪǮֻץһ˵ҩ
εĵͷ򴽣Ѧֻһۣ׷ʲôɳĹ˹ǣװһ·ӵˡ
޻ʹѵĻ·źſڵһ·ء
ɵķء
޲ΡΡĹ
Ѧʿۿţһ߹ŷ޵ÿ޶ãϣֻǻĹӣͷ
ţתӣžǵķ򣬳ĬĿͷ
߰ɡ
Ѧתȥǣɳ;ӰһŤͷıֱƨɶŶԷ
Ѧʣ
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һ·޻ȴЩΣȻòԣʱѦʻûһԼʲô
뵽⣬޺Ȼˣʱͬգ
͵͵ѦʣѦĿбӵĿǰԵӲʡ
ӹӳѦʾͷ·˸һе¡
һ֮䣬ǰѦʴһصˣ͸ڵѦʡ
ѦĪһְȫУʲô¶⣬˲ԾҪ
˲Уɳ;ӰȴԸһԸ˺ԶһǣսѦʣȷʣ㻹Ҫ𣿡
ѦĿбӣʱȺһ𡣡
ŶʱʧĴۣ˷ϣһöۺ壬ⲻǹʽ֮ǰֵʱģͦϲʽһֱϡ
ްػ۵ݸѦʣûʲô㣬Ͼ岻ܸ㣬ȥԵ˻Ǯ
Ӱ˸ǣɳŭĵ˾Ӱһۣŷ޵ŵŵŵĳ嵽ǰ棬ƨɶžӰ˸ƨ
ε֣
Ѧʣ
ѦʳǣһþӰԱߣ޸Զˡ
ޣ
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Źأͻ˵ĵؽ硣
뱻ͳǣѹ˰ࡣյľˬ죬ݽΪеطӦö񾩳ﶬļ
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ݽŴڽʮգ࣬ƴǰһԲ
֣ƿӣŹɳݽգգۣ͸ӵķ϶ȴȻԶһ
ɳ߿̫ݽ㲻ٿˣӣ˽
ģԵģʸ˺ܶУȥͻʣҲõĳԲǵĶ
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ոǺãͱƿˣݽ͸ϲԼһߴӰ
һƿ˷ݽϲ
еĹ˺ƣƣűһ߷ɡ
ݽŵסˣ۾գҲգǸߴˡ
һֻ۴źɫ֣ϴ·ƺˣüĿһࡣ
֪ݽһʲôˣƾʲôҵˣ
ЩüǼһǴĹôջѾͷһ
ݽŭĿӣתˣӦýҿɺǺ˶ڣ
ݽסˣ˾ͻʵĿɺʷգ
ʷյ󻹸£ʷշ֣ЦߣشӪ
ԭ׵ġ
ݽ˰ʷգҲζţҪԼδķʷˡ
ݽЩҥԣҥﶼ˵ʷΪգǸ̬
ܿ죬ݽͱ͵ͻ˵ӪʣӪʱҪװҲҪ࣬˺СȻΪӭϴķס
ݽڴϣĶһᣬණûмģƤëΧӽķ絲˸ʵʵϻ˺ĻƤ̺ӡ
һᣬһɧݽһƿһ˽ˡ
ݽϲʼӦþǰʷգ׺ݲб᲻ɱԼ
ŵýסۡ
Ȼѵһصһ̵ƺ˷ݽĶ
ݽ͵͵ۣϲֻܿһڵϣ첲֧ŵأڵ˰Ρ
ˤˣݽɻƬ̺Ӧˣǰȷʵ˵ʷ˫вм
һᣬ˿Цһʵܷй
ݽԣС˹ȥ
ϲһ˲䱻ƿˡ
ǷݽڶαƿϲɵЩŭĵɹȥ
ϵ˴һӣϲЦЦŷݽ
˳ʮֿ㣬֮ЩǵĹӸ綼ضã
ǹɫ㡣
ݽ˵ƨ


21 

ҡҷʷձݽϡ
ӷݽǰ֮ϵ˿пǰ벻ͻҲС
ڷݽӡͻ˶ëѪֱɳªģɰʷȫ߸뷨
Ķţӣ˵ҲϸģǸװͰ͵İʷȫһĸֵͬܡ
˵ʷոͻˡ
ʷմŴϲۣǺ˵ʽ˵˳ף޶Ҫ£Ҳ֪·Բԡ
ݽۣӻԼ򵥣ͻ˲ҲʵСġ
ʷЦ¹סߣоǵĳǣ̫ˣܶණҲֻǿװӣҪ
ݽһ㶣˻ͦĵģ
ķףҪȺơʷִƣֻк˾ƣˡ
˵ţʷսƵݸݽ
ݽֽյˣյľһ롣
ʷ΢΢üɻʵң
ݽɿҡҡͷ
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˵գʷֹȥݽŵýסˣȻʷֻľյ
ʷսյŻϣȾͲ˰ɣͻСȾҲá
Ϊң
ݽһûа
ʷգ˵ŹֱӶײҴ磬ô⣬ȴˣ
ʷ̾˿һյӵѵұȴ绹˺ô
ݽ̧۰ʷաԷǳ໹ʣ˾²
Ҳ²£ΪԣʷЦ
ݽһʷձˣ˵ײбŰ⣿ǹô
˵ţʷ΢ս˷ݽü䣬ŵЦ֮⡣
ݽͻȻչĶŵ˲ŵײ˰ʷյ
뿴ʷȷʵһһĿ㣬˫ֱֱۣ̲꣬
ô
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ݽҡҡͷ
˳ɻηǼмȴܳΪɺұۣЩԹߡʷЩȴû뵽ŵ˹µĲˡ
ʷձȴ÷ݽЩϰӦĳǰӶıҲѾĵӡ
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ݽľȻĵͷ
ʷգҲҪ£ڲ㣬ҵȵõһɫˣúϢ
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תŷݽɫЩΣܷͷҰƳ⣿
á
ʷЦŽ͵Ӫ̺̫ˣԼƲ̫ԸողίʵЩΡ
ݽ֪˵Ǹսˤһӵ飬ɻⲻΪβ̺ȡˣÿǺܲ㣿
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ݽƲƲ죬ֲСˣô˶óʳңԡ
ŮһЦ
һ
ϵưÿտҲݽĲ˲죬óԡ
Ҳ֪ôСôôġ
ʱʷˣǱŽģûٷϴοŵص¹ʡ
ʷЦͻʵĳĴζɻص
ݽԱɿ࣬ټҹһ԰ʷ𽥲ٺ£ǵ΢еء
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ݽЩ棺ô֪ҰЩ
ʷЦ
ݽһᣬʳĵɻ⣬ΪʲôҪҺף
ʷմۣЦ˵Ҽأ

ݽüͷһᣬҺûʲôӡļ
仰꣬һĬ
ĩˣʷյҶģڻʹͻʣôܼ
ݽ
ݽŰɣǶԷְܿѻˣʲôԵġ
һᵽԣݽ˲˸ոյǣʼʷ˵ҪʲôϴʲôʷĵţеĲʷݽ
ݽĵͻʺûеô¡


22 ǰ1

ǬʵۼݱﻳǼλڹֻô򵥵һ¡ûбƹȨҲûνگ
ıɱ׵ܵﻳǵΪ˶Ŀﻳڵǻ˸ưðޣڰֵУǷزɤӣڵ
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꣬Ƿﻳǵǻĵڶꡣ
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Ѧ誣ȵۼݱ̫ӵǻˡ
ѦҲ̧ҳӣθҳƵۣ
ѦȻ˾̫ӣȵۼݱλӦôҳˣ

Ѧ調һᣬȻƽȣ㵱㣿Ǳʶ书ѧҪ㡣
꾰Ѧһ֮սʤʮս˷ﻳǵĶ
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Ѧû˵ѦֵΨһ뿪Ļˣѵһ
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Ѧ誣ǰҪҵĵ궼ûҵ
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СΰңеĽ䲻ؤ֮еؤôݵڽ䣬֪˻ǻš
һؤӡؤԶһŴֲµ꣬һһ׵ĸϺιࡣ
·Ҳʤڸɾĸؤι࣬һҲؤϵۡ
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Ѧĵؤ߷һǮ
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޷һžѦʿ1ȥѦ֮յһ
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ҵʱȥɣ̫ӵǴˣ֮ͱǹ꣬ŷų
̸ɫĽͳ죬˿ȴ·صʱ򣬱Ǹ޴ãȻѦʡ
ĹŴѦʵĹٷɨһۣﻳǻһͳ죿˵ڿúܡ
ﻳҪңҲſѰҵ£ͬˡ⻰˵꣬ѦҲЩֱӣ仰κ˶š
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صѦɻ
ҳص㱻Ѧ誴˽סˣ֪صڵģֻˣͨ籨ţ˭
Ѧסˣû뵽޻ԼԣһֱԼ
꣬һȥɣص꣬ʲôأ
ҵʱҲǵѦʵ
Įس˳ǣȫһ֮ʣ˵ҸŻǲţ
Ѧʼѵcң
Ҫҵ˴ؾǰҵͷؾĿͱһ
Ѧҡҡͷҷߡ
һ˿ı鶼ûУȻǲĻѽѦɾǰƽĳɾǰ;һɾɻڴպЯĳһ
ѦֻԼѵġ


23 ǰ2

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һ궬ȵگҵ˶֪˷ﻳǵĻλǱƹλλˣ·ޡ
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ϢһԾ
ͳѦʱֱ빬Уﻳ»λ˷ǰ
ܳɹᵹﻳǣѦʹû˵Ѧ踺أͶﻳǣǷΪĵ;Ҳ˵Ѧռū׸ƣǰµóͶ£ﻳǳƵͶﻳǣ޼һ
˶ã޳ƵۺȻѦʡ
Ȼ޵ǻȹ֮ĵһ£ǽѦʷ߽
ԾѦҲȻŭ
ȥʷ˵
ڰǰͷҲ̧˵˵һ仰޵Ҫּ
Ѧʣֻʸףǣóûˣʹ𣿡
޳Ĭһᣬ˵˵ڶ仰޲ϲˡ
仰ͬѦ˸ʵʵѦֻԼѵʣ֪
޲Ѧʣʲôʱ֪ģ
ѦƿЦöģʲôʱ֪ģΪһֱ˵
̧ͷĶ
òһʼ֪ɡ

ץһݺݵˤѦϣॡһأ졣
ѦһѪۣãȻĵͷ˵ö
Ѧʻ߬ݽĻƣָ䲻ϵѪ
Ѧǰ̯֣Żطǰϣ͸µģûûȥĵţ˰ɡ
һƬңƺ˶֪
ţͷҲص߳˵š
֪֪Լϲ
Ҳһʼ֪
֪ȴҪװ֪Լһһ˵Ѧʣֻˡ
ֻˡ
Ѧʵǹƥű߽·÷޲ˣĻֶεйô
ѾûٷԼˡ
ɣǰ֣ϻһΡ


24 

ѦȻѡ
컹ţ꣬ޱ˸
ѦʾѺһƬҲ˯ˣɴǽϳ
μǰκܳ¶һ⣬ȻξһĻȴվѩңңɱԼ
ͨһĻ
ѦüȻһʱ޻ۣô˯
˯ġѦʵ
ڶշ㿴ѦȻſǽϵƣƺһҹû˯
硣
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޼ֱҪϲɽôãֱֶѵġ
ֳǸСǣ̲ϡ٣Щӵ
ڻּΪأһϣǸŴԺһǽǽ߸Žֵǲ
ͷһμľ
ԭΪеĳǳؾȲϾǷҲӦǰհҵڡ
ֻĽϲЦտ䴦ڵؤ޴δôؤ
Ȼôô񣿡
Ѧʵ˾ǣġ
Ҳǡ૵ֺ޷֣ճɲãᷢЩҲȻ
Ѧҡҡͷֹͻһۣﻳ۸˰Խѹ塣
૵ž·жǡ
Ѧʴŷ߹հ˹սһҿջ̻һư㽫˳ꡣҪһ䷿һȥһˣҸİͷ
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Ѧʸ޲ͷִˮϴѣܳʵʱѦʶ̫ףǵ÷޶֧ʹʲô
ڴϣ׵Ľסε˵گдҵ֣ԷﻳǲŻɱ֡
Ѧʱ·Ķһ٣ʵû뵽޻˵Щ
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ţ
Щɻ󣬲ѦΪҪʺü飬š
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оԼھ븴ҲҲκͻƿڡ
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ȻѦʾͿˣʱֻԼһ˹·
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ݪݡ
š
СǽԵķ̧˽ȥʮӣ˵ݸƼݵ꣬õǺģ˴˴ûݵģҲ³£ֻʮ
ݺЦڳһںý㣬ƾӣ˵ҲöʮʮҲ̫򷢽л˰ɡ
ﱻеĸˣǱ˿ڣʮĪҪٶˡ
ֵߵߵǮߣ߹ӣվӰ˵ӣ¶ˡ
Ѧ֡
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⻰˵ĺͽһ㡣
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ѩģÿɸˣô˵ԣӢ信ʣ
ɻӢˣ
ѩúÿĶˣأոջء
ѩӿڿȥѾһˡ


25 

ʱֻԺһʹۣǰһŲҰ׵
ޣ
ѩЦ
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⻰˵꣬ѩ̧֣ΪҪ£·û뵽ѩְ·
ޣ
ѩŤս޵Ц㺦ʲôѽ⣬Щʲô
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ʲôط޷ʵ
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ЩͷۣǵѦʷֱ𲻾ã߹Ӻ󣬾ͱ˴
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޲֪ΪʲôȴȻ˿Ѧʡ
ոյһӦѦʸɵģΪѦʺ
ҹѦʵ̬ȾͲԾ⼸Ҳһֱص
˿֮󣬷־ЩΡ
ķԸȥ˾ɣûҵȴЩ̫ӵ˴ȴұ㣿
ѦʵĻ
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ҹѦ飬ʷŲ˵˼ٻ
ΪʲôҪβ⣿ʵһֱ⡣
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һ·ȷʵںڣӦ˵ôֱ׵ģѦʵʱɱԼ⻰ײС
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ţ̧͵һĵ񻨴ʱѳľ飬¡޳͵һԾ¡

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ѩͷĺһ԰Ҫ㣬ݪĻ֮һź㣿

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˶Ƭ̣Ĭ˵ԣ̡̽
ҶҶԳԿͷ֪£ʲôϣұ֤зִ磬̵ùԹԶģ
öˣС費æ̣֮⣬ǿдһʱ䣬֪£ȥҲ͹˳ˡ
˵ʵеƲϺˣԼû׷ˣƾЩ̻صֶвŻöԷ˳ǿɱЦ
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˵մڵһʦ졣
һ˲Цݽסˣ˵ˣôң
ƺЦˣһ˿Ц⣬ⲻǰô


26 أȫ

ȱͱݣ
΢죬ֶ°ͣ׽һ

˸˾Ȼ
ٿһѩ뵽ԷڱŰӣʱһ񺮡
㿴ûвͼأѩ²
Ǿװ棬Ŀɺˡ˵ѩȥùƣʻģ
Ӧʵں棬üͷƳһۡ
Ż
ѽ
ѩץļ쳹¥
ٻţԺܰ㣬ѩŷ߹ѵȣڹһյһյСƣһһ򻨣Сɾ¡
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ѩĹĵֲͣŷ磬Ҫҿ㣬˭Ըһ𰡡
ЦⲻǣҵĴҵĴӦɶϡ
ѩίˣˣ㿴ӣҲǱġ
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޳ѩָķȥأ
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
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ﲻɵðԲ²޵ݡ
￴꣬˼ˣ⼸һ⼸Ȼ⼸Ҳš
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ҹԸĻǱȵģȻˣͱ޿ҪҪģ˭еǰ취ǡ
ݪݵĹ﹫ӣҲǷŵȵģϵźϵˣµźµˡȻҲ˵һɲģҪѧĶأҪȵѧúãҲǿȼĵȻҪ˭ԣҲǻήȼġ
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üĴת÷ɿ졣
ѩ۾һ˷ܵıôѣҰ㡣˵žǰ޵½
޿סԱ߶㣬һֱѩƵӱأѩ˷ˣͽƵİѷ޵·³
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Ѧʣ֪
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޽ٳѩˣסĶˣֹ춯
Цһı
ѩ޽ٳţȴȻЦģҲ㲻Ҹ
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һ޵ĶһʱǰΨַĽѩˡ
ƾ뿪ݪݣЦѡˣ㵱ʱӦýٳң˵ܳȥ
̫Զˡͷһ࣬һ߷˳ûԱϮ
ʱȻһ޾㵵ĵɴۣѩЦİմƬӷ޸ȾѪڷǰ˻ΣҲء
ޣȥ
Ժһʹְһƹǰһڱȥ
ŹӣվڷЦһô򵥸¡
ƣİڰ֣ȥ


27 Ѱ

ңæƣĻ˷
ߵſڵʱԼڵƻȻоԾĵѵǸ˻ûߣ
ţƿš
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飬ѦߣߵſʱȻסʲôƵʵ֮ǰû
ɫһ䡣
ѦȻΣյۣ˵ʲô
ɫ࣬Ҳûʲô˵ūһ
ʱ˶˵Ļ
֮㣬ûʵǣȻʲô˵ʲô˵׵ġ
ѦһһʮģѦĵһ¡
һѦŭ߳Pݡ
´ӣȸųѦ誸Ųȸʰ쵵ëһףȸڿŵĴ˸ˡ
˸Ųȸķȥ
ҹˮҼһϨƣֳ˻мҾƹš
ѦŲȸһƾѦھȾƣȸϲһͣѦϣѦʵָ
ѦЦһѾյȸǰȸͷž룬̽һڡ
ϲ㣿Ѧ
Ѧʻֻ룬ŵƣΪҰˡ
ѦһѦʶ£Ѧʣʲô˼ǿ˵ĺúõġ
С飿ҸĽȫPϰ壬㵹󷽣
ѦҡҡָҲ
Ѧü
Ǳµģ¡Ѧʵ
Ѧ誣ⲻص㡣
Ѧʷ¾룬˳ȥֵȸơ
Ҫ˵ˣѦ誻ӻ˳ȥ֡
Ѧʣôᣬ㲻ýһֳ
Ѧ誣裡


28 

޵ͷؾ㵹ãĵİ˼׵͵˹Ժ˵֪ǻ㻹ǽǧУ
Ѧ£Ѧյ仰
ѦȻһ˲ŭӿʲô˼ģҲģĿɭȻĶѦʣˣһ£ҶӲ˸ϵ
޺ôǷﻳǵĵܵܣʿɱ裬ﻳҪɱڣҲԼ׵ܡ
Ѧһﻳ׷ɱޣ÷ﻳ֪Լ裬»Ѧš
Ѧʳ
Ѧŭǳ
Ѧʵ㣬ȥôȥݪʲôˣ
Ѧָܹ鲻ĳһڣﻢˡ
˵Ѧʰ¡
ΪʲôҪڣѦü˶ɲ¼c飬ʲôֵҺڵģ˵Ĳԡ
Ѧüвˬ
ȥݪʲôˣѦʡ
ѦʢѦ誱ѹΪ죬װõСֶΣûġ
Ѧ誻شøˬˣԼ˾ƾʲôҪѦʣ
ĺ⣬²ֹСֶΰɡѦʺĴѦ誵ĻѻѦ誣Ψֱ²֪ǵС˼𣿣
Ѧʳָӣ΢΢°ͣǵô˵ģ˵㲻ó棬»ᶢ㣬ȫ
ɱģԼֱɱ˷ޣһɱҲŸ⣬±գвꡣ
㵹ã˴ȥϰ壬ºΰ
ѦͫȻһ
Ǳǰĺˣ˶ţҲǵҲԶֵԵʡѦϧҡҡͷɢһҲû˿ⶢң㲻һе
Ѧ誸ѦһףЦ˵˵ȥ飬㵱һΪ˵ǣ
Ѧ̾˿ʹļףôֶԼֵܣҺôҲѦҵӵܣ绹ܺ㲻ɣ
һ˲Ѧ誱ʮ֡
˵Ĺ򣬲ȸѾСľҺϸֱӣκתžߴһ̯ϡ
ѦЦˣ˳ë벻СǸƹ
Ѧ誸޷Ѧʸһֻë˵Ȥüͷﾡ
ѦʲôƵģ͵Ҳ飬룬Ĵ㣬÷ޱΣ
Ѧü˿Ŵʵĸ϶Ҿ뿴ϵ
ĸûа취ӣѵûа취Ѱô
ѦһݣȻӦҲǣԷ޵飬Ȼ뾡취ѰɲϣôҪĽһٳ֣׿ڸ߷һж˭ֲ߻
ʱ޵ıһܺÿ
Ѧһͷȷʵô
ѦʵԣҲԷ飬ŻŻãǴ̼ĺˣѰ̼ˣǵòʧ
ѦЩɣ㵱֮ǰ˵ҲѵΪһֱ㣿
ѦһڻԣҶĹƭңֻˣ˵ɺ޲ɺޣ
Ҳǣˣ˽Ҹˣ˸ҡѦ誵Ѧʵ˵ǣǵͷʲô⣿
ʮ֮ݪݻл磬̺õ˶ᱻȥʱܹ£ͽʣµģҽ˰ɡѦʵ
һѡƷٷ˵޻ʲô飿
Ѧ۾һ˷ܵ򴽣Ǵ̼֪ıߵ㣬Ǿ͸˼ˡ
ѦЦˣǿ϶
Ѧۿ죬˷ܣһ֣ֳǺüƲߣ
Ѧǫޡ
ҾȲһֳţѦ誼վѦʹһҾܵܵһݣ
ѦʴǺЦһݡ
Ѧ誵ǵܵȻȥˣֳȡ
ܵߡ
˺øõܵһѦ誴źĲȸ뿪˾ƹݣԶˣܿƹеƻͨѦңңٱ
Ѧһĵıʲô
һãȻ
ѦԽԽţ͸ڵѦʣĻһֱŰɣָоԽԽеѦһбļƻ
˼ãѦ¶ģµѦͼޣݪҲˣҪ£Ǳ·սپҹͽһȥ
ˡ
ѦǻŭƽвסڣͲѦʵĹ
ʹ
ﻳŭˤеţĿѣ֪ѦֵܿסһһƪҪеĴ޵׵ܣѦ誾Ȼҡ
ĻﻳǼֱĵ˵ȥȻŭѦһڴΣڣȥֳǣ˵ͷѦҪ׽Ҫʬ
ﻳԭǣ׷ɱ±ĸȥѦΪ֮ǰ£Է޺֮ǣõѡ
ȴû뵽Ѧ誵죬ޡ


29 

ʱ, Լϣ˫ַ󣬸αϡ˼, ˿ʹ, ѩ̵ĲԲûʲô󰭡
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ûгԹѾһҹ, һʹ
ڱһһƬ谵, ͸촰ܿһֹ, ¹촰ڵһƬס
ԼԶˣ
޴, ڱסӵǴ䶯š
ⶼЩʲô߰£·, ȴʼѦʡ
ҪѦڵĻͲô鷳, ǶˣѦʻû
̾˿ҲԼˣѦʲ
˰, ֲǷɡ
ţȴЩܡ
ᱻĦ, ޲, ϵűһڡ
ʱ, ſڴ졣
޶һ٣æãͷԱһ˯״Ƥһſڴ͵
ѩ⿪ϵţſڶһŵĽŵĴš
ڿѩֱһ
ߵýˣ޲ſѩ˸ʳУѩСû
װΡ
ѩСûûû
ޣ
ѩɫ΢䣬֪ˣЦҸ˳ԵģûԷˡ
ȷʵѶǰˣ̫ǣûиоֱոʱžøһʹ
ѩЦƿʳУʳ˱Ƕ̲סۡ
ҿǱ͵͵ģ㲻ԿɾûѩһľҪߴա
˻ĸԼģ
޿ͷۣüαȳԡ
ѩĪĿĳˣﺬ¶
޼ˣŷģҽ⿪£ôԣ
ѩЦҡҡָҿɲң⿪϶ҪܣʱҵƤ
һأܲˣ㲻ҽ⿪ôԣ
ѩЦһģڷĴߣιѽ
֮£ֻſ죬ѩԼιʳαСᣬѩ֡
ѩר־ĸιģ׵ָڷĴġʱʱιʳĶָǳǳ
ȫעűᣬѩΪ˿ûз
һᣬڷӦޡһƫͷʲô
ô࣬ȻԼ
ѩ޹գգ̧ۣ¹ҫ£Ŀѩ׵ʳָϾǷ޵Һ
ţѩʳָյԼߣһڡ
޵ʱˡ
ġѩգգ۵
Ƿ鴤ѩս˷ޣÿ֪ôҵһۿʱҾϲ㡣
ޣ
߸ϵģ˭Ҳ䵽ֵطҲǲŲҵģһ㶼һɣѩסĴϢŤҪϿ
Ѿͻת۸ˣͬʱɻѩ˵Լ
ĵԼ춼켱˺ô￴ǡcccҡˣ
ۿѩҪԼϿ̧һŰѩ˳ȥץ񣺡в
ѩڵϣЦҲϲǸĻɫƾʲôǵͼ࣬ȴһ߸ϵӣ
ڽˣӭѩ㵵Ŀ⣬վ˭һˡ
ллĵġ˵ţԽѩ߳ȥ
ѩӵĸ˭أǸϵô㡱
û˵㱻ס˺
䲻һȭᵽѩĸֱѩǰڣ¥СķȫܱȣѩһʱĻ˵ڵֱ
޽ѩϣѩһֵʵ㡣
ѩͷһᣬˡ
ȷѩ赹ܳȥͨ籨ţޱĵ˲񷿵ţˡ
֮ѩȻۣ߷ߵĥϵᣬ޷żĲԲһᣬѩᣬ˳ȥ
ݪݣ﷿ڵƻͨ
ˣ
ͷӰȡһϻӣҪġǧѰ١Ľҩˣһζߵֻ̫д˷ӡ
Ѧƿϻӿֻۣˮͷɡ
ѦóϻҩһȥŷӴɨۣսЩʱʲô
ѰַãҪԼ䣿
Ѧʵͷб䣬Ȳˡ
һʵǵʲôˣԭҲЩΪ㲻ǧѰ١ȴǻʹеǵǺˣʲôݣ
꣬Ѧв㣬ѦҹһʹеġǧѰ١һȴЯר˾׷ٵĲȸˣȴΪͬһ˶
꾿ʲôˣ
Ѧպ÷ӣЩ㲻ùܣڱģ
ںԺ񷿡
Ѧף̧һĺȥﾪһȥ
ԲסˡѦʵ
ţѦʽ˴£š
Ѧ誼£·һȥ׷ɱѦʣԼżȥݪɱޡ
ѦǿԵöɼõȥ޲Ϊ壬ԼٴЩˣȥ
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ȸɵĶᣬһ·˳ǡ
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Ѧʵ˲񷿣һˣû˷޵Ӱӡ
ˡ
ѦһѦڿ϶׷ɱҪǱѦҵ
Ƿ޿ɾΣˡ
ţѦѸ뿪˲񷿣ȥѰҷ޵Ӱ
շﻳǱƹӳʹѦʸոոǰһﻳǵץˡ
òײŸɲΪصǰ޵ġ
ѦʱԷﻳͶϣ˵ԼѶԷ޺ģһʾԼҵޡ
ﻳǰŰɣѦ˵ﻳģԸԼ¡ǧѰ١ûҵԼʱȡԼͷ
޵ʱѾӳ˻ʹɱȷʵѰңﻳǱͬѦʵ顣
ﻳǸѦˡǧѰ١Ѧڰ֮ڱҵޣǧѰ١ɫζһմȾϣϴѲֻһܽ⡣
ǰѦֳǴһʱ䣬ݪϰʵǶʮǰΪʹƳǧѰ١λĵʦ졣
ʮǰǣ͢󰸣Բл˶Ϊˣȴû뵽Ǽѣֳܵǿ˹Ժ
Ѧʱŷֳǣ⿪ԼϵġǧѰ١ˣС̰ƣ֮£ȻԼҩ
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Ѧƺ׽÷ޣ뽫һٽͷﻳǡ
ѦȻ˸
Ѧ誳⣬˺ıݪݣͬʱϢ͸¶Ѧ誵ĸѦ誵ĸǷﻳǵˣȻȥﻳͨ籨ţʱѦ誵ľͷˡ
ϾѦ誺Ѧңǳ˷ﻳδһ۰
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ѩڵҩ
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ԺĽŲԽԽԼķ޵ʱһͣǰ亹
һ¥ĵ£ǽڣǰֻйľڵֻҪ˹ľԼ޴Ρ
ܴһܿ⡣
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ԺԽԽһԺǰԣԺŵıǸ¥ǽڣûһ˿Ӱ
û˰ǲˣ
ոġ
ֱԺߵԶˣһʼǰ
ûˣΧһƬڴĴҡε͡һ
޸оԽԽˣȼһѻ𣬻ԭһֱյУ˶ʼ磬ܵƺһｫǸӲõСɱǧ顣
ʱѦ誺Ѿұ¥ûҵ޵ӰݪϰҲ֪ȥ
Ѧ課Ҵĵó͢Ѳ飬ñﻳǻɣֻĵĴѰңֱ಻ԡ˸¥ʾҷֿѰңԼȻǰһȷš
޲סǿŻ⣬ʼſڴȥ
źȻƿһ⧲ĺײ˸š
¹к˵ϣŹ⣬ֻԼ˵Ρ
ѦҲסˣԼ˰εˣô⧲ĳԼǰ
Ѧѹɤ͸һ£
ԭӳˣǱһͰˮ£ԭȵ˲ɱȻۣ㵵Ѧ誡
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Ѧǰʶĺһʱ޲ſ壬Ѧ誵ϴŰߣʹԵء
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ˡ
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˻ѩµҩ̫أҩңܼˣȴֻǿŲѦ調
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ϣ˰̣ʻһªġ֡
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͸ҵģϤ𣿡Ѧ
ǶԷūʩչ̷˵Īĳ裬Ѧ誵ձ˾Ȼȥ̱
֪֪Ϊ֣ұ˳ŪЦѦҧгݵҹҹʳѰôץˡ
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סˡ
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֣ɼ
Ѧȥ½ط޵·ϣһ뵽һֲļƻҪŷӡ
ˣȥ£ɼˡ
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޶˵ɡһϲģ޻ԸǴת֮󣬴̽ǰѵȴ޴ɱ
ѦһԲ㣿˵ߣΪλҪɱңѦ˻
ڱȻһ̣ʶԼ뷨жʱӦսپ˷޵ͷﻳǡ
֣ɼ
ѦЦˣҲãһñˣҲǣеá
˵ţѦ誰νʣ¹ӳýѩף˸貵⡣
޲ţֻÿЦ֪֮ʱôģûһ֮ɥˣ
µ㻹ڸԼɣǣһֱ޹ƣȫȶ㲻ס㲻֪飬ԲŶɱ֣Ѧŭ
֪ˣʱӦɱ㡣Ѧɭɭ
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仰·һУֱģ˼ȫʿչֳѦ誻һ
˵ûշﻳּȥɱޣһ·ȷʵҡڲ
һ治ɱޣ벻ܲ˵Ĵŷӣһ棬ȴ־ô˾̫ƸۣŷˣѦҿɾȫˣΪһޣֵô
ججǰ뱲ˣ뾭̣ײǱ㲻ᣬ޵İ׷һҹǱ㲻˵Զޡ
ԼǶԵģΪѦңǣһȫԡ
ԣһ·϶ҡڲɱޣǾȷޣֵ𣿾ȵڷ޽֮Ȼҡڲֱɸ
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ԼҪȷ޵ģǷȴ˶
ԼҡڲֻǵԼҪƸȥȷޡ
̾˿һ飬㻹Ҫô
Ѧҭסˣһʱ
ǵһģɱ˵һܸ߿һۡ޵Լ֪Լʲô
пϣʶܿ˲ķѣѦ߳ŭŭǸɱ
ٿȻͫ׽ܹĵ磬һԾ´̨Ѧ誽׷ڷޱһ·˲ѿһӡ
Ϊô
һѦ誺ǺЦⶼǼƻõģұţͷ
ԭһжѦΪ
뵽Ѧ誵ͼֹסŻ
ڲЩʱ򣬷޽һ̲ͣ٣һ׷һܣԺȥԺݪֵĵط޺ᴩȣײ޹·ˣһС
ѩȴתĴѰҷ޵ӰȻһӰܹȥ۾һ׷ȥ
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ŻԺǽѦΧסʲôˣ
Ѧ誼ֱҪӽŭÿ
޴ʱҲ׷ţɣұܣܿ׷ǵߡʱԱȻһֻ֣˽ȥ
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⧲ıӣ㿴ѩЦô㣡
Ҿ㡣ѩЦ׷㣿
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ѩЦģʱѦ誱Ժǲ޷ֻͳŭһٸѲ飡˻Ժǵ
Ѧ誴еӣµĺǾͻ
Ž䰤Ѳ飬һƬ
УԴУ޻ܣѰҿԲĵطﲻУҲ˳Ŵӳȥأ
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죡ȥͨģ
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ѩһֵԭء
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ѩ㵵ۡ
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ʱ̧ͷԺð˹̣һæԺȥ
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ˣ
ŭмˣߣѦˣ
ͬʱ޺òѦ誵Ŀƣһ̵Ѧ誵ĴϣѦһʱáԽԽ󣬷æȥȴѦקס˽ס
ѦҧгݣҪһ
ޱǺòסԣߵȥɣ˵һͱѦ誵ؿڣѦ۲ţǰȻקŷ޵Ľס
ΣѦ誵
˷޵ǰ
ޣ
洰űǰзţҪҡ
̳ҪǺۣƺѩżĽ
Цˣ߿ȱЦѾľ˿첲̧һţȥһҪѩǸ񾭲һ١
Լҩ
ϧǳȥˣ򲻳ˣеϧ
Ѧ誸ʶС浽ȴɱܾˣǰԼģȴǸʶ¥СģǸӲõ񾭲
ȹ̣޸оԼ챻ˣʶʼȴһȻ졣
˭ԶƽĴ˹˻ƶ־ޣ


30 

һ, ޸оԼ˱ѦԸ첲ŷ޵ͷŷ޳˳
ѦʣޱѬ, ߶µ, ĦѦʵҪǲѦʡ
ѦʵʹۣŻķ, ҡ
Էżʵ̣޿Ѧ, Էٵ
еίһ̱˳, ޳ӣͷѦʵĻ, 
Ѧһ˿޴룬Ȼֻһ, ָֻ侲
ıס˷ޣˡʹ, ȴһƬ䡣
ţ૵
˺òá
á
뿪⣬ȥݺòá
á
ţͷѦʵĻ, ûпͷѦʴ˿ȴЦŵ, ǹһ˿аĻȡִǻ⡣
, ֮cֻ
ƿʼ, ͨĻ¥Ǽݪҳһš
ѩŽŲסеȺײòסˣȻһˣﱧǷޡ
ѩѽһȥѦһ߿
Ѧʵ˵žҪѷѩ
½˳סˣѦʶһ٣εץסѦʵ½󣬻ҵҪȥģߡ
ҲߡѦʵ˵ţָϷ޵ָ֣ͷһһ
ߣ
ѦʽѩĻѩѹһ򣬳ķŷޣô죿
ҡѦ̽޵½ҩЧڣ̼ôһһʹѦʶѦһ㶡
Ƭ̣Ѧʴӷ޻һ׹͸޵һֻ
Ѧ׹ӱ㼱ҴҵˣѩãȻĹڵϣ§ŷޣʲôˣ
ʱΪ޾Ǹ˼ҵ꣬û䱻˽ĶˣҲΪһȵˣڴҶһݣʲôߵģ
Ƿ޲һ
书ٸΪʲôҪץ㣿ոǸ˭ѩƵʳһ⣬ʼã޵ݶȻһ㡣
޿ѩĻĬᡣ
ѩ˻ηޣιι˵
ȴֻ۾ĬĿǰȼյĴ
ѩûûû
죡
ѩˣһᣬСǸʲôˣôе죿
޴˿ܵҪѩ˵ʲôһϣѾƣ޲˯ȥǿŵǿйˣһиҩЧֿʼ
ѩ̾ͷ˷޵ĲԾʱһ˷ܣҰ㡣
޿̣ѡһȭѩҩ
һȭѩƷڵأȭȭ׼ĳȥҩ㺦ҩ
ѩæҵĻסͷڵϹҪ
޴¾ûڵϴѩСüָһȭ
Ѧʹڵϣѩ׵Ĺڷ࣬ѦʹƵıԶˣ·ڽƵġ
ʲôȥˣ
Ѧ޳ߣߵһѦµʬ壬Ѧ誵ʬһˣˡǿ壬Ҳӽȥˡ
ͣԺ˻𣬵ʱֻᷢ߱յĽڵʬһ塣
޵ʹĺܺáյܣֲѦʷֻҧǿţĬİͷѦʻ
̫ˣδסһϣһߣʬ㹻Щæһˡ
޵͵͵ġšһҧҳΨһڱ/
Ѧʺܿ˻˵СȵĲţʱʱ͵͵ĴϢ
ôˣѦʵ
ûû¡޲
ѦüһֱŷתմڻҵϿʲô˫һѾˮ⡣
ǧǺá
һ˫ˮӯӯ۽ǻź죬зĴˮһ۾ͽ˸ס
Ѧʺһ㱻ҩ
޲Сĸɵģˣȥ
Ѧʱŷ޻˿ջСˮƹĿ˷䡣
зᣬݽҧֱͼԴ˵ֿϵĿ͡
ȥҸѦʵ޳£ڴϡ
𣡡޻æҲҪ
ѦȻתȳȥ
ߣ޲̵ֻקס½ǡ
ѦʻعͷĿĿңҪߣ
޷Ӧڨڨķ֣Ҳcc㻹뿪𣿡
Ѧҡҡͷ
˿ͨ죬ʶڴϲţֱ۾Ʋͷεǣȳȥ
һԲѦʶ޷ֱۣסĵʹţ㡱
Ѧ̾˿
ΣѦʶһᣬù޲ϵĻҡ
ޣ
ܼˣ߳ܣȳȥ
ѦʳĬŽ޵ɾŰľӷŷۺ죬ҪѪ
ţѦָȥ˲˫ȣһƬհף̲סһ
üͷﷺˮ⣬ͨĵеſҡ
¸ոջ˵ߡ
Ѧ϶ᣬͣظŪţýżⶼ̧߳ܵ
У̫ˡ
޼ٵĴϢţը̻ܿͷ˳
Ѧó˲֣֣ٵͷһѾ˯ˡ
Ѧʣ
Ѧ̾˿޸Ǻ˱ӣĬĿŷ޵˯ա
ڿޱڻһ˲䣬ˣһ˲Щڡ
ڷſﺿ޵ʱЩڱת˲š
ֻʣ¿⡣
Ѧʶŷ޵ĿӿѹֵϢĵҲϲˡ
ƶǸ롣
һŸͷһⲻвô
峿
۵úˣһֱ˯ֱͣѦʺ
Сˮϴ裬ѦЩΣѦȴ̬ظ޲ͷ
÷̲סѦ뿪ǰǸϡ
㲻˰ɣ޷ȷϡ
ˡѦЦһ½ͷսˣҸһЩ
޵ͷ
ͷ𶯡ѦʰͷһóذϸؽޱսͷһһƵķֿһһ
ھ׼ˣ˭Ҳ˵Ѧĸͷ޲֪˵ʲôΣͨͨ졣
ǷƽʱҲûʲôҪǷ޺ȻѩЩ飬ϵľӻͼһĻĻ
еĺеģҲʲô
һ룬ʱˡ
ΰ


31 ҩ

Ѧʺδַ޵Ĳ, עȫ˱սͷϣȫעĸ
ҳǺѦ誵, ֲԱ˻, û뵽һõˡѦʵ
ԭˡ
Ȼ·ϱ㱻ˣ
Ѧʡšһ, üѦ, αʬ, Ӧܿһʱֻǲ֪ﻳպӦ, ᲻׷ɱǡ
ѦʵֻͨܰѲ, Ҫҵǲ֮¡
Ϊӳʹ, ȴû뵽ﻳǻкߣҪѦʵʱûԼѺѦһճ˻ҡ
ֻѦ誽Լ빴Ժ£ǲǷﻳ⣿
޴, Ŀһ
Ѧʸ÷ʣʲô
, Ӧòǡ˽ﻳǵΪ, ȻȻ³çԸ, Բ֮ûеɱԼ֮ǰҪԼһ
ԼпѦš
ǽȣҲҶ϶ķﻳôġ
ЩҲãӦǣһҪô
ԮҲ֪˭ܰԼʵگдԼ֣⻰˵ȥ˭ţԼš
Ͳ֤Լ·ޡ
ﻳǵǻ죬˿ԼԸԼҲһܰˡ
޺Ȼһ£ҸոպȻ뵽һи壬Զ볯Ѿã֪᲻ҡ
˵֮ǳǬ۵ĵܵܣ
Ұף޶Ľ˵Ǹɢѵɡ
Ѧѵ𣿡
̾˿Ҳ֪Ҳ˵᲻Ÿң˵᲻ңҾͲȷ
οѲ⣬˭Ҳ֪Է᲻תͷͱ
ʵûд̽ʲôϢ
Ѧʷ̷޴ӸϵﻳǵǻˣѾΪûκιڵµϢ
һüӣôϢûд
Ѧվڣͷ޶վţüޱһͷĸоԷϴϢ
ʶĺһεԺˡ
ʶͻأһڶƵ˵ѾˣҲҵˣ䵽־أҪԼѧЩģҲԺҪٽҵˣøǽж
ѦʿЦ
ޱЩڣѦſڣȻǽϢ϶˴Ƕãһʱ䣬Ȼ
ޱѣȻֻһһˣҪǷﻳǣҶȻڳð֮󣬶ް˽ʱǻҲѶ
ȥݰɣСˣԺ㡣
ϰϰʱ̫յůڵģԹѦⱸ˱ˡ
ʱȻһźɫĶۣһ߰ɣ
޶һȻѩ
ѩôҵǵģ
üѦҲüͷ
ѩˣȴѦסˣ̧ӵݪݶûˣū޴ȥԸΪţֻӸūһ֮
ѩ޵滨꣬޿ọ̲̀סǻζ嵽ˡ
𣿡ѩʹ飬̧ᣬɿ£еء
ūŹˣӴūɣūʵ޴ȥˣѩһˣݪûˣֲ֪ĹٱϷ⣬׼κ˽ȥҲ֪ȥ˺δūʵ޴ȥ~
üٱˣ
ѩͷˣϲأҹֻλҪɱĴ˱
ѩ˵һ룬㱻޴ˣô˵ģ
ѩãȻҡҡͷ޻ͷѦʣʵ
ѦʵͷߵҹȥһˣŶԡ
޶һ˲ˣﻳǼȻ֪ټǿ϶Ҳ֪ѦʸһѦҪ˵
üСʵ̫ˣô
Ѧʴһصһգۣıǣ߻ʵԶǸΪȻǰƶǵʬ塣
һҲǣͻȻɻѦôôӣܶԼû뵽Ѧʶ뵽ˣ˼ֳܶȣԴӴӻʹӳͺ˸һ
ͦϲڵѦʡ
ѩЩżˣӵӰ~~~
תһ룬ѩ֪ô࣬ҲǸȴϡ
Цҵ㵱ʱ˵ĵһ仰
⻰ǶѦ˵ģѦʼһָϹѩѦСʱҲô
ѦЦˣڳܿ޵ЩС˼
ͷڷ޶ߣȵϢڷ޵ľ࣬С˵ǣʲôС\"
˿
ѩɵؿˣƺڻĹϵ
Ѧ˵껰ӣװƵġ
ڳڣѩ֣ҲСѩϲҪˣֻСʵϴǸҩô
ѩޣٿѦʣˣ˲Ҫã
ޣûУܵеôɡ
˼ûеĻѩѩίͰ͵ĴӻУҪϱߵĻ±ߵģ
ʲô
ѽǣһѹһѹҪĸ
ֱ׵Ļ˵ķ޶ʱ࣬ѦҲؿһۡ
ͨ
ѩίͰ͵صңװ˸ɫҩ裬һһָϱõģ±ߡ
ùңҲصݸѦʣѦɻһü
һָѩЦȥ
ѩ


32 ·

ݪֳǵһ¥, ʤȴһƬ档
ٱݪΧ˸ˮйͨ, κ˽, ˺ԶԶţȴǰһ
ҽ֮߱յĿȫǵʬ壬ֻ, һʬн߬һϳ, еѦ˵Ľ
šһ, ӻҽмһö壬մڻ, ָɾ¶ϵ
ϵ, ´Ӳôǰʬ
ǧѰ١أ
·һ, ǲȸ˾ƣʱγĴųųһʬת
۾ɨǰʬ, һᣬҹѦ˶һ, ͬھ, ôʣµʬ, ȻҪҵˣȥա
ü¹Σ˲ٳһ
һȺ˱תʱ仰˵һ£ֻ̾Ѧ˲ϧͬھҲҪסˣŲ˱µּ⣬Ҿ֮ʵ˾壬ҵӦЧ²ǡ
֪飬Ȼ²֮ʹ˰֣½
֤ȷ䣬ʲôɲġ˶ۣٴѲҲ鲻ʲôᾪˣʱʢŭ˭Σ
ⳡ׷ɱƮƮľʹ˽ֹˡ
糯ﻳ׼ӣ̫ȴ
ﻳǵǻԺ󣬳б㿪ʼѪΪ׵Ķӵ׵壬ʸ֮ġ
ٹ¡ΪȵҲһֱƲ˳Ǭɥ͵ǻգʱһųƲ
ʱﻳ⡣
ӽ񣬷ﻳǴ˷Ȳ裬΢һڣŲ´ɶ¶ĲǱȳĺá
ϸ۱ƽʱּ̱ˣеĻ˵һӼǹζ
ﻳЦһɽģ޿ûк˱ˡ˵գҲһڣ˵˼һ裬ɶ¶Ī
Ӵ˴ΪǰﻳԼеףֻҪӣơ
ǷﻳƵĿڣԳĿʵܵĲɺЩˣ޿Ŷ»ϳްѳֳء
滰һգӼ˿ȣӣվͲסӣͱ·ģܵãܵĲȴЩż
ﻳ΢΢һüӽŵܲһˣʷɥûǰТʵ˵ǡܱ̽һ˵ŷЦһȴµʿסˣЩūŵ죬Ҷ˵ˡ
⻰ﻳҲȥˣȴ֪޾޷£óȥ̽̽ܡ
ԴӳǬۼݱӱûټޣ֮ǰﻳǱ㽫ǹЩȻ÷ȥֻΣǬ۷ɥûɣӱ㿪ʼɣﻳǽ޳׹˹Уǡɱˡ
ﻳ̾һ˵ˣܵĲˣ޵ҲȾ˲鷳ˡ
Ӵһûס¶˿̱ЦݣʲôôѪηЩ
ﻳ̾һ컨޲ǲãʵڲҡ
Ӿһ˲ʵû뵽𰸡
ﻳǳҲ˵˵ϢܴȥУ컨Ҳðͳȥ
ӰŰɣôͻȻֲ
ȵۼݱǰһϡﻳ̾
ǳܸҪȥһôһ˹¿أü»óȥһƣҪȻʵǷĲ¡
ﻳƳһۣ޿ɲЦֻ˵ذɡ
һҭŭ˵㱻ﻳǽĻ˻ȥͶ»ȥ
˷ӣѾ硣
ĸ̫Ϊﻳ·߹۵С·;ľݴԣֳһ
ĸŷﻳ߽ΣһƬڣĸһһ͵ƣڰĵ˲
ŵҲһһɪɪǽǡ
ĸҵˣλʮʮơ
˵գĸ͵ǰһݣﻳǿԷ
Ȼһ޷
ﻳüǲ񡣡
ĸһ㶣ﻳָ۽ǣȱ룬۾Ҳûȱ˵ʲô
ٿ˿ȷʵֵˣɡ
ĸ뵹ʲô⣬պīһ̱ǣǸưͣҲʡһ򡣡
ﻳǵͷдô
ĸһ˲ǳӵѰģӦǲġ
ﻳǣҲˡ
ĸƬ̺㴫һҽС
һӺ󣬷ﻳǳţһ˲ĸþ˽̺ùأ¸Ѿˡ
ǡ
˿̣λ֮ˡȴҡڵĳ˳ǣȥ
ѩһҩɸӰڳ䣬Ĳųᣬκαס죬/ȫ˻ȥ
һԷ飬ѩˣζΣ
ѩһ룬ǿ﷢صĴϢ
޵һüô֪϶˻ˣлҡ
ѩһˡ
ʻͨݵĹٵϣʱڣ·ƻ𣬱һ׷Ʈ̵ٵҲһƬ졣
ͣ˪Ҷڶ»߳ᣬϳѦһﻹſһ顣
ôˣͷ󡣡ѦĿбӡ
ֱ۳ųأȴ»εţ۾ܣȻûôÿľɫ
Ѧ̿Ҷû
ͷտգһھãع󣬺ûʲôطȥ˵ģоϵĵһӾûˡ
޿ѦʣллܻѦʡ
Ѧĵƫͷȴ澪һ˲ʱ޵ޱȵ棬ƽʱӴྶͥ
仰Էθ˵һ㡣
Ѧʾû˳ǣ˵һΪκ¡
ûʲôĸл㣬֮ǰ£ݪݵ¡ĿתĿѦʣЦ
ѦʷһֱԼĲƣʲô
Ҿ˺öࡣ
ѦЦЦʲôʶĵڶ仰ô˵ģ
Цϳʱ޻̽
ɫһ˲Ѧһı飬֪ڿЦæ仯̫ˣҶϲˡ

ޣ
ѦʲЦԼһ±֪ǲǱˣõ̽
ޣ
ѦʳüǷ֣Ѧʵ˽ĺݺһţǱ˼ٰģ·ˡ
Ƶ
Ѧʣۡ
ޣЦҡ
˵ˣŵʯͷҲˡ
ѦʵĻع̤ʵ˺ܶ࣬ʹǰٴ⣬ȥһ㡣
ǰ·衣


33 ɽ

Էݽ޵ͻ, ѹһࡣ
ͻ˲ԷŮ˱ڼϴ, Ȼ翪, ǲûкŵͻ̶ȡ
ŮǴƤƤȹ̬ЦЦ֣˿Ť̬
һ, һ·ǨʷպͿɺȴæ, ǳȥ, ݽֻ֪ڴ̡
ͻʺʹѾͣȻǺʹڴ, ǺͶߵ塣
ʷնãǫ֪Ķ, 崺磬ƽĻҡ
ֻʷ̫æ, Ͼ˼һЩͷݽµĹչСﶼߴߴ÷ݽҲȥ
źݽͻŮк, һ˫ˮĴ۾ոڷݽƨɺĺš
Դһж, ʶ, ⲻ, ݽͻʺ¿㿪ʼѧһЩСĴʱ䣬һߴ֡
Ǻ֣ڹʱԵıģִ۾ºÿһ仨׵ĵƵġ
ݽµŮǷˣȻ뵽ʷҲˣҪҪʷһ㣿
Ц۾ˣ͵ģү϶ܸ˻ˡ
ݽͷӳš
ʷյӪʾԶʷԸ£ݽǶûݽ
ݽߵſڱһҵƺߣһͻæƿӣһֻغɳĽűߣִѪ顰žһ˷ݽϡ
һ˲䣬Ӷˡ
һ֫ڵϣסﲻסƺʷϣлŵѪĵĻعͷŷݽһ˲䣬ʷﻹѪ׹⣬÷ݽһ
ݽͣգգۣգգۡ
ʷձֱۣԭº͵ӣôˡ
ݽͳԵġ
ʷתݽŵĵϣȻιҪΪݽϵѪȴݽűܿˡ
ŵˣʷճ̾һ
ݽСŲţֻԶЩ
ͻļϸոأùЩġʷս͵
ʷǶͻʵľʦȻʲô֮Щݽ
ǰʷô˷ݽüͷ
ʷĵӣʲôû뵽˾µʳ
˵ţʷժף˵ϵĺ֡
ݽһʷĺ֣ŭĵһۣŵ˳ȥ
ʷգ
ݽܳӣһ·磬ȹӭƮ裬߷ߵһ˦֣ĺ־ۡ
ոȷʵʷŵˣţһֱƭĸоʷô
º͵Ƶ
ԭǰʷ׷˳ٵתӣݽ
ʷյôµĵģȫǺܿϧ
ݽӾӹʲô¡
ʷҡҡͷ۾գҲգĿ΢΢һ˿ȣˡ
˭ˣݽԽߣͦõģܳ˯屶
Ϊʲô
԰Ϊʲôݽһ㶣ʷ˸¡
ûе
ƫƫʷջקԼ䣬ݽ˳ӣû鶯
ûſңݽŭʶĽʷһѡ
ֻѵһŰʷյȥڰ͹ƽĲݵϱͲȣʷձݽһƣֱԵ˵ϡ
ݽһʶǰһӣԥҪҪ
ʷճݽ֣ЩίȫЦ⣬ѽˤˣҪС
ݽ
պ󣬷޵Ѧ誵Ľ͵ǰﻳǴϲֻСǧѰ١ĲȸҲ˸ݻĽ
һһ·ͨ˳˰£ڵݵı߽紦
޻ΪԶѦʻĽ⣬ԳǷ޵ı֣ǽʿΪû䣬Ͷݽٳǵݡ
ѩŰɣָѦʷޣ磿ҿŲ񡣡
ü
ѩɷнµͷ˽İɣ
Цеĸһȭٺ˵˵Ͱȥ
ѩűӷͷȻתͷְѷ޵ĻһߣɧŷޣԴ֪˷޵ġ֡ÿСԶСԶ̵ĺţǵ÷ʤ
ѩȲֲϳֻܺͷ޼ڳֲǸֵǱ㳣ԱڽΪսᡣ
ޱֵ÷ˣɴ˳ᣬǰϳѦһѳѩ
ѩû֦չ޺Ѧʽһ£զһС˴үһ㡣
ݱ߽紦һسǣ˸峿سǣ׼Щȥٳǡ
ֺټǰۣ׳ʹýճΪãط벻һƬҡ
Ѧʺͷ˸ѩĴ̽ͷ̽Եƣ̯ϰ忴һۣʣү
ЦǰȥͶݣүҲź򡣡
ѩСԶô˵أô˵үô
ˡ
ϰһۣСҪ봨ɵСĵ㡣
࣬˰סģɴɽΪܣר·Ĵٹ֡
ϰǾ͵ñܶϡ
ЦŶϰлϳʱȴֲԶŸ̯һ̯ǰ鼮ڵϣȴûпһۡ
ֹ⾰ˣ˭ȥ鿴
߹ȥһƣ㷢鼮徭֮ġ
ɨһ۷ޣڵһŲۡ
Цˣʣһ˶٣
ʱǶٱڻǶٱ
ü⾰ûģҲǸˣʵȱǮΪβȥЩӪ
ٿ䳰»ңնԻβʳӣ
޴һ˲
͵⻼ټֺվ޶ҰٹȦ޸գÿӽ߳ɣɻԼµģֻýأۻһȫꡣҪģҪ¸صƦԱƾҪطټټҪТԱôǮ¼ͽıڣرˣԲǮТǣ
λСүȴʣºβȥӪʲô
ĸһֻϵЩֶգΣԲ˭飿ã±ֻýµ䵱ˣҲˣĸ״ոҩǮ
ЩȻΪ֮ҪȥѣֻҪڿŬЩܻȥǾһ˵ŷ֣ڿŬʱҲ޼¡
˸˸
ԼǰЩ뷨ǲ֪ĵ̸ֽ롮βʳӡĽݵ۲˶١ֻӴŷԼԭǶôǳ֪
Ƿ޶һҾϿҵܽˡ
һתͷСѦʣǻжǮ
ѦʵáǮ˷ġ
ȫˡ
õü²Ҫġ
ޣҳ飬һϯʤʮ飬ȥӵúöһ
˳ǣˡ
˵վճһҪʰˡ
æסЦҪſ飿
ָָ̽ͷ̽ԵѩǹӣӵܣֲʶһôأǱȥء
ѩ
ɵĶȫͲˣɡ
ЦˣЩǱ˼ﻹ˱ǧġɶɻʣáǧġ
ҡͷԣ¹ʶ֪£Ϊʦӡ
޵ݸһҲ
Ǹġ޼ɫֿʼ࣬Ȼһϯʤʮ飬ǸÑ
˵޺ѦȴѾˡ
ѦЦүҵǮȥ˸ˡ
軨׷ôݸѦʣЦ㻨Ǯȫ㣿
ѦЦЦĿһۣ˳ѩıԹôҪôð˵űҪϲ䡣
ػûޱܿѦʱһƽѩƿˡ
ѩԹԵˣǷޣϾѦһͲǣѩµúܣÿѦʺͷһʱԹԵĶһԣֻƵġ
˱·
ѩֻƵڳ޺Ѧͷϳ£㷭˷顣
ѦƳϷǱǧġɻʣһֱ
գۣңԶĻС
飬㱵֮ǰҸǧġ˵ϲұ顣Ȼ֪ʱֻΪ˷ɢע
Ҫ˵ԺԹԵģĻұ飬Ҿˡ̾
СʱĸҲ̹ǧġѦĬһ˲
޴ʶѦѦʱһֱڹѦѦʲãѦҲδѦʵֳ
ڷ޵ǱʶѦһֱǸ޸ĸˡ
ЩˣѦҲиĸġ
ʣʱˣû
˺ܶˣĸʱѵΪūҸС檡Ǵ˾á࣬ı졯ʱ˵˿ҸĸףֻΪ˵档ѦĸϲǸױĸ״򷢵ԺʱͲˡ
ЩΣֻǺʣȴû뵽Ѧʵ£̧֣ҪĸѦʵıѦЦЦûʲô
޵ɱܵܣ᲻ᣬҡ
ѦЩ⣺ҲЩѦ誵Ƶģ޲ɱԼҲɱ
䴹ۡѦǰ˵ʱҪҵġ
Ѧʲü
˴ԥҪҪ˵Ļ֪ԼɣҲѦپˣѾѦʵΣѦʧˡ
ȻأѦʡ
ʱӳʹѦ誴˶½أЩĵ£ҿＰʱ־ҡ
ɣѦʱȷʵɴŷ˳ȥʱûжֻΪǽ˳ȥ
Ƿȴ˵ɾһŮӣôȣ
޵ͷҲû뵽书ԲѷκһнǰͶСˡͶС£ҸŪǣﵽʲôˣ
ڹôȻû¶мҸ֪֪
ѦӦ֪ġ
޽ŵｫҴѦ誵ĵ¾ɱڳˣѦȴһ
ûУ
ûУҵʱңҲɱҪɱңҾ͡޴ۣȴЩڡ
ѦЩ⣬޵Ѧ˵ʱңȴûҪɱҡ
Ѧ˽ԭίΪѦֻǺ޷ЩɱԼЩŵЦһǸʲô
ҲǸʲôңҲΪ˾ҡҡڲ׸ƣҴһʼ֪޵
ҲѦʵ
ҡҡͷѦ΢΢üЦЦǷޱԼ֮ǰ£Щε֮ǰҴˡ
Ѧʵı飬ѵԼˣЩɬҲѦ誵ʱ𣿡
Ѧʣҿûô˵ҵ˼񲻺ãԼҡڲ߶ֺã˸ⲻˡԹ˭
ޣҵʱҲô˵ġ
ѦʣʱʲôӦ
ЦЦ߳ŭ¡
ʱѦʺȻ뵽ǰҪɱǲҲƶԼв
һ룬ѦʾԼѦеơ
ԼΪһƬģȴ޶𱨡ֻѦ誵ĳдãԼȴĹ
ǲڵʱķԼѦһˣΪĹڷﶼǿΣգ
ԼʲôûδԷްιʲôɻ߹꣬ͷ涼ûм̸
Ƿ޵ʱΪҪɱԼ
ѦһֱףѵǾԼҪı췴ô
޺Ȼʣʲô
ֹʱˣѽѩƿ̽ͷ
죡
ѩίӣոջ˼үھôү˵
ʱѦʺȻ΢ΧԾһϰȻû˵
ʱܱĳʮŴ󵶵׳ѩŵþһѦʺͷޣһһ֡Ȼˡζ
׳һ۱ɨ˴û֦չѩɱڵһЦǸү϶Ǯ
ǮһҪȻɽĦȭơ
ޣү㽻Ǯء
Ѧʣ԰үǮҪȻСǾûˡ
ѩŻˣæеҲүǣǹ¶ģ
޹ǾϳģǮүϡ
ѦЦ᲻Ǯˣү콻Ҫ
ѩֱҪץˣɽǺɵĶһۣ޺ѦʸıǸоԼˣˡ
ͷѵһᣬŭǮ˵ű㳯Ѧʴȥ
ͷҲǸӣķޣȥǿ׳Ѧʡ
ѦʷһѸײڶ֮һͷ˹ȥͷʶİѵǰһʱһ롣
Ѧв죬Ѱ˸Ӳסһƣͷȴܺˡ˼ʮкͷһѪ
˳ȥԱѦһƵС
޺ѩĿ֪ͣѦ书ǿȴû뵽Ѧܸǿزֱһ򵱹Ī
ʱɽӲһ޷ķޡ
޿Ҳ˵⣬˵ĵʱ֣ŷԾ𣬳˹ȥ
ɽÿ޵ôҲû뵽书˸ǿ


34 봨

ʱ, ֻһȣҪ۸޹·ˣ
·ǰֻһŰŮ˳, , ﻹһѽɫȻĶˡ
Ӣе
ɽĵҲ֪˭۸˭
ȻɽͷһŮ, ȴ¶֮ɫС㣿
Ů߸, Ӹµһ, ԽԽϢˣӳ¼ҳӲӪ
Щ, ˾Ȼʶ
ɽͷˣ֧֧С֪, С뿪¼ҺĴ, һֵ޴ȥֻΪܡ
Ůһɽͷ쿴һᣬҪʵ޴ȥ, Իس¼ȥΪ˵顣
ɽͷЦЦ, ллС, ˡ
ͷ, ôСʵڷĲ¡
ŮˣЩá
ɽͷ쳯ѦһЦλֵվտĳ磬´лһҪдһ
ѦףɽͷֳŮһҾȻˣСǱˣСٻᡣ
ŮĶɽͷıӰԶȥתͷޣǴȥģ
޵ٳǡ
ŮɣҲҪؽٳǣҴһ;ɽŰڣǱ㲻Ϊǡ
ŮΪţһ濪ʼ²ŮݣһЦǾͷˡ
ŮгǽٳˣԳɽͷг࣬ǳ¼ҵļūΪŹ¼ҸϳȥĴɴΪܵӪ
޶ԳȻͶݵ˵ǣһ˵Ѱˣʣݽʲô˵һʶٳлûж˼Ҳʶġ
Щϲʵ֪
ۺ죬û
޺Ѧһѩֻ~¿ôš
δ˵еģ
ѩ
Щ˼ĿһۣһΪ˭СŮװš
ѩһ飺
޽ʣôûģ
㲻ѩ˵Ҳ֪ʧһδҲ˵ġ
渵
ԭݵһ巻ҵ鲼ݸأֻڶʮǰĳһգһҹ֮䣬еĴЪҵ̶伣ˡ
û֪ΪʧģƹˣҲһҹ֮伣
˵һϧˡ
ûˣԼҪôСˣУΪʲôԵ޹ʵͻȻʧ
ĶĶ
һ˵󣿡
ҡҡͷҪͶѵǴˣ
ףɫЩأҪǴ˵Ļϣ󡣡
Ҳֻˣ̾һǱлˡ
֮Ͱˡ䴫ԣ˵ʧΪĳЩˡüͷøˣʶ˵˻ǸЦһ˵ǲ뿪ˣ˼ȥˡ
ˣ
𣺡
һεİοֱ˲֪ôӻ
𳣳̱ǳᣬȴʮʮǸ֮ˡԴӳǵĶѩ㲻ٲŷ
Ϊѩʷˡ
ѩƿƿ޹ʮָȤʶѩֱҪˣû뵽һңȻԼȻȻΪֻ֬һɫ
ָѩóСӣǸʲôţ
ѩʤ̣㶼˰˱ˣĨ۾µġ
ãȻĹӶһˣΪʲôҪĨ۾ţ
㰾ҹ֮۾»᲻ڣôͿԡ
𣺡Ҳҹ
ѩҲ˵ˡ
𣺡Ҳ廰˵
ѩ۵׷ҩȻһΧѨλ֤ڶ۾ã˳˫ۣˣòϡ
һӣôã
ѩҪץˣôʲô
Щǳ岻Щ˵ЩŮõĶӰ䡣
ѩˣҲ̫ˣѹƵġ
ĺһۣѩڨڨˡ
ף¡
Σѩˡһҽ
۾һѩ߶߶ĸ˵֬ҪͿҪλƯȵȡ
̶գ޺Ѧʱ𾪵Ŀųѩ޻̸
պڵ˽ٳǡ
ظģط룬Խٳڲδӿ񣬰Ȼҵ䷱̶Ⱦھǡ
ΪŮӣ޺ѦʻؼУ˵ȥ˴ϢϢǡ
޺ѦڳһСԺʹѦǮѦ˵ոѦ誣Ѧ誴˳ġ
ԺӣɨĻȻѩϣѩɨѽп಻ŭĵųŵˣֳȥ治ң
Ȼ˸ûֱš
ѩأⶼʲôѽ
ݪݵĵһ׷Ȼ䵽ɨԺӣ
ѩ߷ߵҧ־УǸԶҪ۸ԼԼͲϲˣ
޺ѦʣȻѩ˵֣ͣؿʼĴ̽ϢȻ̽˼գȻһ
Щ˵ĻҲͳ˵޼
ûдҲҲСˣ¿ɸô죿
̾˿
ǲһԹﻳǵǻѾ˽£ڴ¡Ϣ
оǹﴫϢ·ȵۼݱʱ˹ȣɤӣ˿ڲԵưͣеӣôľľ
޺Ѧڸ¥ϣ۷׷ףɵ͵͵Цһ
Ҷ쿴ˡ޳ĹŴǡ
ȣˣصñıɱ׵ܵѦʵ㵽ֹ
ﻳڳиȣԹִҪǿֺӣȻԸֻһ׷ɱޣһ͵
ޣҲ㲻ƶǺǻˡ
ѦʣȻǺá
ɻ˻ν⣿
ʱСϲæֹסͷСº󣬷ޱżʣոյĻʲô˼һ˵˶ӡ
ѦЦļһм˿մ۽ŵѧԼ롣
ҡһҭ롣
㲻¶ҡѦʵ
У޷ȴѦһЦӼ˺ܶࣿ
һȻѣԴݪݵºʼѦˣѦܰãʼһѦʡ
Ѧ˵Ķԣ̫Ѧˡ
á
ѦƵȻңȻǺܸ˵ġֳһʨӣƴЦ⣬۷£ҶվǰΪΪܡ
Ѧ˵黰Ŀ˵ЧҵĻŪ÷ĲڣƫƫѦʻûƵѣٲԲ˿ɾˡ


35 ¸

޺Ѧڽٳס, ͣĴ̽ϢԽٳҲЩ˽⡣
ٳ˼ճ£ⷢ, ĳǳ¼ҵ, ¼Ҳҵ鲼ĸ
պ󣬳Ϣ, ˵˴
׼ȷ˵ǳд, ޺Ѧʽһ
ŷѦ˽˳¸, ¼Ȼǵĸ¸װȴ, ˿ͭϢض㵽, ľҲݻƣ֦Ҷïд, ¸һɴϢ
¸ϣ;۽ĬŸԵ£˹صĹ⴦ïܵ, Ҷ£Ǵ, ߵһǰ
վſڹ, Ҵˡ
һ
һλ, ɫ䲻Ц޺Ѧʽ㿪ڵ
֪̱Ǹ˭ѧˡ
ǰΪò裬Ծ˳ȥ
ɽɶ¶ֻһűų貢ǷƷ¼ҹȻԣζϹɶ¶޼
ԶµıĽ⣬¹˵дϢ
Ѱʲô˵
޵ʵǱͶݣȴ˵ڶʮǰûˣŰг¹æ
ףʲôˣ
سѾϸ˵ˣޱСˡ
Ŀһſʼ޵ò˰Σʣĸ׽ʲô
ôʲ˵˿裬Цϵ󣿡
ĸ׽ʲô
ǣ뻹˵ˣ档ѵʶԼĸף
˾Ƭ̣֤
üǣ
ұ󡣡
ޣ
޲ţϾôɵ£ǰ˾Լľ˾ˣ
ǺһֱĴ£ֵ÷зģҾ벻֪Ҳѡ󵭵˵֮ӣ֤
ϸһ룬ûа취֤ʲôûԼ˵ֱ˵ԼҴһûҲûκ
ҡҡͷʲôû˵һôɱмӦûŵİɡ
ʾ˱ñīֽ⣬޳һ˲㿪ʼǻӵı޹Σ޻пɣԼĪа˷ٽϷ޵òˡ
Ҿ˾ˣҡЩ͡
޻δ˵꣬ٿȻƣ˪һĨпЦ󣬵ˡ
ʽ̫죬һʱѦ֮յǰһڷǰͽֽһƣ
û뵽ͻȻѣޱͻıʾһʽͣк޹ȥѦʵڷǰղ£ʱòɿ
ޣ
ȥôôӵˡ
ޣˡ
ʽһ٣ͬʱ֣ͣ޲ڱЩ㵣ˣ
ۣҲǣµ۵ǻݵʳˡ
ĸǰλС˵ĹϵǢﰧ¿ɺˡ
ˣȻˣҾһ
ա
޲ţѦǧݣòײҵ󣬾ͻһ䡰
һŭڶǻŭ޴ͷţǿѹŭ⣬ǰԸ㣬Ͷ·ҪͶ㲻ɣֻŪףﵽʲôˣǰڵļǺˣ
˫絶棬Ķŷޣ÷ЩȻﺦ£ȴԳȻһηӣֱͦ˼ֱֱĻ
ſڣʲôˣԼ¶û˵ڡ
㵱ΪʧΪθչ͵ִҪ޸ʵۣǺ䵽ʦŶˣ
ŷĿɿڴı飬ʶԼʧ̬Įѱʦţ಻ʦ㣬빫Ӵȥ
˵գڼ䣬һ㵣Ѧ̾˿һִڷ޵ļģذɡ
ͬɥ֮Ȯ㱻ϳ˳¸־ŭû뵽ⳡڴѾõǧѰ׾ճ˱ɫ


36 

ѵˣ
ʲô, ˸Ӵŵݣ涼û̸飬ҪŪ, ĸ׾ʲôˣ˼, ѵĸ͸йأ
󲻴ֻܽʱ£ӱѰӡ
޺Ѧʳ˳¸¼, Ǵʱڽٳǰӳƽϡ
𲢲֪췢ʲô, ºʹ, ޿ӱ֪֪Լ󣬱ֻ˵ûҵ, һŲ
ѩɨ˰µĵ, صȥҳ߿ȻʶڲʮգѩѾͳ޻̸Ĺкѡ
ޣ
۵ؽҪҼôùܼҸ㰲ŸɵĻ, ǻܾ˵˵
ѩϲͷС͸ųȥ˳¸
Ҳܿģûɧˣֱһ, ϲѽ
ڽٳа˸Ӫ, һȺС, ׬Ǯҡ
ڳĹʱӿӵ, 鵽˽ĲףÿձһȺߴߴСֵͷۡ
ԺСϲޣʶԴֲڼӣҪǳúÿ
Ѧϴѧ㵽ԺſȥӷޣףСǶЩֻſſ̽ͷ̽Ե͵뿪
ȥٳǲ񾩳ǣɰس࣬ռѩհݺ֡
ֵܿأԺ˼٣ҶðȺַǷ
˵ĿζأʳлϣҲٳֱǳϷ޵Ŀζ·С̯һ·ѦʣʲôʲôһţѦε궼Բˡ
ԵԵꡣûˣݵĶôóԣһԺԲô졣
˳ϦĦȭƣԸҪѦһǣҹҪôأ
ѦϵΧȹʲô
żϣѦææ⣬㣬ϴҲС
޻һ󴮲Ѧʵͷ㿪ʼɱ㣬ޱյѦԱߣܰɶ찲Űš
ѦʰѸĻ׽һס߼ᣬüãذ˲ϵë׼һȥʱ򡪡
Թõķ޺ش˴ӡ
͵һ£һᣬѦʸȥĵƫЩʱѪ磬׵Ѧһ
Ѧʣ
ĸһᣬˡ
ЦòסѦǳ鴤޿ЦӸѦʲ𶯰
Ѧʣ
ӣһѦĮһЦ
Ѧ߳ŭˡ

ѦʱҪȥӣɵıܿЦ˹ǿסЦ⣬մʪϸϸظѦʲ
Ѧʱڷ޶棬ޱη޲ƽ޲ֱֱŷޡļϢ޼ܸоѦȵϢ
Ѫò޲ãڲɾˣһ̧ͷײѦʹž޲
ͷȻһ
ͷһôǿҵظоԭѦôÿ
һӢ˲Ӧáÿʣ޵ĵһӦǾѦʺÿ
Ŀ
ɾˣѦʡ
ڨڨķӣѦεɱ֣һߴš˵ſʼ̼ë޲岻֣һ߸ɵۿš
ѦسССԺﲻһ磬ſܹͯűڣžּˡ
ζƮ˳Сſˮ׷ſſ̽ͷ̽ԣ𣿡
Цŵٵȵȡ
ȻܽѦʣû
һᣬˣƿǣζ˱Ƕϸһ㱡ͣƮŻ˽ǵϣۣҲã֮ʳָ󶯡
ʢһ룬ſڵĺͯǷˣʢǺ룬ˣſڿѦʳˡ
ܿ췹˱һ̫ɽѾˣҼһţʼϦҹ
ѦæĲֿͣʼߦڣܰæˣһҪӣ
⽡Ƥߦֱ͸ѦʺммƤкˡ
޿ʼߣӣҲҲ
ȥϴ֣ѦæýŲմأҪŷ޵ңֱľƣ
ֱ̫ɽɫڣ޵ƣյá
¯̼Ѭůڵģ˰ں˲ˣѦʶ̵⽣ϴлĭζ˱ǡ
ϺڣϺˬڵζһ⽣ܴθůĵס
⽣Ҳ̫óˣ
ѦЦЦǰѧ
ޱ̵ֱȷ硣
Ѧȴ˵ˡ
ǰ޻ؾ˺ͺѦʸ˻ˣ޺óԣÿѰɽ亣ζǰ
һҹ˹ֺڰʯڵ̯Ϻ⽺󣬷ޱ㰮Ǽҵ⽡
Ѧʱ˵Ҫ̯ϰŲ뵽רΪ⽡
ȴˣ˦һӣѦʱֻȥ򣬿ˣֲԣˡ
Ų岻ã̯ʱʱѦʱڵ̬Ų̣ѧһ⽵գԸް⽡
⡣
Ѧ㿪ʼѧԼˣպ¥¡
ԶҳѦȴãİ˳Լķֵ¡
޵ǻ߹ٻؾ˰˵״ѹΡ
ѦʱץĽ˵԰ʯŲ⽡
仰ʵǶԷ˵ġ
֪һὫĻ־߷ޣ˵԰ʯڵ⽡
ʵ÷޼ǵĺá
ϧûãҲԸҴҵն
һ
峿Ǳѵġ
˲ͷȴ䵽һӲ¡
ԺѶȴǸ
޿ЦãźԷѦԺ䣬һ˷ˮ͸˼
޿ſϣңңЦҺ
Ѧһȭû磬һȭϣͷҲأЦ⣬ѹǮ١
ЦǮҷѹǮҶˡ
Ѧ߹ֱúҿǸС
ޡߡһֹסЦ⣬ϲ̵Ľ
Ѧʻºˮ͸˷ʼˮޱ㿪ʼҪȥ棬Ѧתժ˲ϵŵһԵİϡ
޺üμѦʴöȴһֱûнȥ
ѦʺȻ
Ѧʺþöûôˣһ˲Ѧʽ͵ĸ͸ҵ

ȻѦʺɣҲȻˡ
˵ʱˣὫ͸İ֮ˣ޲ʡ
Ѧ϶һ٣šһ
ǰҹЦӯӯ·ֳǰ
ƣźٸˣöҡҡλΣһͷѦʣЦģ۽ǵ޶Ŀô˵ʱˣὫİ֮ˣ
Ҷ˵ʲôˣ
ѦʴۣĬĻӣǰԷڷΣصޣԷȴģһҲģ
ȥ棿²ʡ
ȥģ
תת϶֡
ȥ˼УַǷǻˣģӦоС
ˣϰϰæһ죬æңӦ£ǣ֡
ģġֹ
㿴ǣŶӣѦЦ
һһϰ񲻺ãķѦʰһС룬һе
ꡱһڣޱҧѦʵͷ
ٳǵһ¥С¥ٳߵһ¥ɡ
һ˶¥ǸԶմմ
޺ѦҲ˵¥׼ȥ֣һ̧ͷȴ¥ϵĴиϤӰ
ⲻǳ¹ô۾
ѦʵͷޱѦ¥׼ȥк
¥ŷ֣Ķ滹һꡣ
ֲһϲҵƽղ̫עЩ֪ģǼҲŵŵģӸӵڷǡ
ǿһĨƽ͵Ц
¹Ҳϰ䣿ǼҲǾôʡ
Ǽϰ䣬ҲǺ֮ˡ
ȴ΢ɼһ˿ģκ¶׬ǮôܺͿ⽭һأ
ûĻһ˿ã
ҵ˵̼֮ܶˣϲЩֻӹţʵȴӺ͹ֲ֮΢΢򦣬Щ˵˼ָ
ԶԶţ˵ĶԻ̲סѦʵİ鳡
Ѧü
Ҽﲻֻ
꣺
ŵ赹ͦϲϲɶ¶ô
꣺
һЦˣɵƯԶԶţ껹˵ʲô
˼޷ֳ̼һͭζʿụ̃ȷʵ˿𣬵¼Ҹһ֪ҲҪҲ֪Ǻεݣ˵Ŀˡ
𣬾˼Ϊ˱δ֪ˡ
һûһĺŲ裬ﻰҲͣߴߴ˵š
¹Ľأ
û
ôУϰ֮ôܲأ㿴ңѡ塯Ӳ֡
ѦһᣬʷޣéҲ֣
ǳ鴤˼˵ϰ֮Ӳأĵء
š
޵Цô죬ʲôң
ѦЦһĶЩ߲ŰûеҲһܻ㡣
һߣ²豭ˣûжһġ
겻ţڣôһЦ¹һҲûоη֮ġ
΢΢ü
վˣҲ͸ЩˣһͭҪӹţֱ˵˰ɣҲǱ˱ġ
ǵΧ˶˹ȥ
ѾϲĹˣС㻹أҪȢ㣬ھˣֻƫλãǲܵģɽɵٷ˲ôõġ
Χ˲ˣʱʼ壬׷׶ųָָ㡣
ҲˣױǸĸ֮ý֮ԣﻹ˫࿴ο컹Ǵһ
ɵи̾ЩǲСڡ
һ裬ǻѾܳȥˣҪô߳ŭ
ȻȴǶ˶ţ·ƵģֻϿʼһһ
˵ôͱˡ
ȥˣһöͭ壬һָͭ˳ȥо֮յıܹͭ壬Щɹͭ廮졣
δ귢ŭޱ˹ֱֱ˳ǰĸ۵ĸ۸ã
Ȼֹӣ
ۼֿ̽ϵĽȥ˵ƹ˼У޽һֱѦ䣬ǰ٣һ㽫Ľ
ڣбγ˽
ŭĿԲѩĽڽָһǲˣ
ҪȻޱ죬ͷһʱӽסĲ궯á
ʲô˭ϡǸٷˣ㿴ݵһҵС㵱ƫζûġ޳
Ϻ˸ףΧ۵˿ʼꡣ
ˣվҶ£С棬չӺα˵øǳ¼ұƵģȻչӲԸ⣬±ʹա
˵꣬ӯӯһòУҲ佣Ϊû˼ԷģҾûнҲù㡣
ɫ죬޽ӻѦʳһ¥
˵¥ŵոնлֹӰҽΧ
Ц޷ûи鷳ɡ
𣺡ҲͲ˵ˣʲôʱˣ
ޣһʱ鼱۸㣬Ҹͷˣ¹ĪҪ⡣
գգۣһֹҵأҪͷԭǿջϲһ
޹ЦҪԸҵøˣ˽ٳǺҲûʶˡ
𣺡ֺηգȥ˵
˵˰ɣ廹ÿңϵ¾Ͳͷ˼ˣոɽɵģô£
̾˿Ҽˣɽɵ˼Ҫҵϱ忴ң˵Һǵ棬࿴࿴ˡ
룬ԥϲЩңһֱҼ޵ȥ
޵̫Ŀˡ
ͷʵܶ඼󲿷Ʋǣϵ
ЦҪǵǮƲǡ
ˣҲû˼ģոˣ书Ҳ߯Щͷ
ʱһӱȥɽɵô˸ˣ
عһ񣬡塣
ü˳ķޣ˲ô㣿


37 

޳òһЦ, ط޼ĲԸæ͵չӿΪֶŮֹӰҽΧ
üΪѣ
ü˳ĿչڼճȺ, ֮ǲƵǡ
ʲô׵, һŵչӴ֮ͥ´ʴʣֶŮѿ, ֹӼʱǰΪֶŮΧ
3
ǫ, ֮͡
ɫ΢, ЩŹֵĿ۷ޣ̾˿, ˡ
ȱ裿
һϲϲ¶ɫ, ΢΢һЦǾȴ֮ˡ
ӿ죬ǰ, ͷѦ˸ں棬Сʣô˹ڣ
޲𻰣ǰ𡣡
æ졣
һ·޻, ֱ˳¸Ǵһ, ¸ȴȻһ, ʹǾȻԼ¡
˿, λ£ǰ赹ˮϴμҪųöࡣ
֪ԸˣĶ˶ɫĵ󿪿ڡ
ǳȥɡ
ʹȥˣֿѦʣ޵ҵİһӹģ
üٿڡ
Ѧ֪ǲȳȥ
ʶġһѦЦЦҾſڣ·ġ
Ѧʳţŵĸʦ㣬Ҷŵˡ
ר˾ɱǮƣݵġǽ鱨֮
һܳɱ֣ʮǰӵһɱݵһҩ̡
ӽҩ̣ҩԴవ治ֻ֣ǱߣŻҩ̷Ķţ鵥Ӿˣҩ̶ġ
ޣ
ǳ鴤˸òҵ
ףǬ΢˽ã飬Ȼʱǲ֪ЩǮơˡŷ֣֮ɱʵۡ
һֱҲʱʦŲ˼ɳ
ʱǬκΧֻмӺǱֱֱˡ
˭û뵽Ǭ۵ĵһӦǵǰ
ʱĵѹ治Ը
Ǭϲ档
ɱǣǬ۲УֶֻܳԿ
ͬų֣ǱʦţʵݣҲ¶˳Ǭǰ
ղ£˭κβ˭ɱˣһȥ֮ǰ¿Լ̡
Ȼ껭ϣ˫۾Ǵδйļᶨ
˵
ˣ汻ʦţݰ¶ǬҲһʱԽܣԼϲĹӽԼԤıһʵ
أ
˶٣Ϊ˸Ǭ۱ģԷ˹
Цһڿ˵˽ϵѪӣֻӣɻʹǹӵĵط𣿡
ӣ˹˸ˡ˵λ
ĵⲻͦôϵҵͦõģÿֲˣͦ
󣺡аɡ
ޣǴô£
ЩɣԭҲܲ͹ٳ£ı֮˽֣֮ɱʵδһŭűʸ֮ġ
ţɢ룬µĴҲˡ
ӵһţʦƽҪ׷¼ԭί׷˼ڲһЩࡪ
ԭϲ㵱гڹı֮˹ᣬŵûвҩ̵ʵݱóȻ֡
ƽ㱻˿ڣ֮ǰеи
ʱѾΪ󣬾ӪһССĽ̡
ԭʱƹŴ⣬⣬ӪĽ𣬺ܿ
ƽѲ˸ոճŮ御
㽫ճ£ֳŮ
ʮȥǼСѾҷֵ꣬Ϊ˽ٳǵĵһ̡
޺ȻЩ֪˵ʲôˡ
һĬ֮󣬷޵Ҹʵ汻ɱ¶ʱֻ㡣ң֮߱ˣǸı֮ҲŹǵġ
ͷ˵ף֮ԸΪԼ첻ǵгڹͶı֮ˣʹûеҩݱóȻ֣ҡ
Թ档̾˿ҵʱֻǺǱųңȴһң˿
޵ǰ㣬Ӧǲ֪Щİɡ
ۣ԰֪
ȷŵĸҸΪ޵λҪı֮ˣ
һޱ㶮ˣŵҸʲˣôϲôᱳｫȫɱأ
⻰ʵ˵Щ飬շ޶ԳǬ۵˽⣬ǬۿݴȣżȻֻǽ赶ɱ˵ǰѵǬ۱ûϷô๦ֻ취˳ϣı֮˾
޽뷨˵ˣЩԥƬ̵ֻΪʵ۵Ŀ֮ʣΣȻȥ˾ͲҪᡣ
ʣĸףôģ
һһʮ˵ˣӷﻳǹ䣬˵Ϊ˵˵ţ̲ס
ͷȻȵĴУ̧ͷԭĴָͷ
ﰲοĬһ˲֯ԣĩ˵Ҫ¸ס¡
۾һϲĺһˣ
šһ˵ףǻʼҵЩҲܣֻҰ˼׾;
ЦᣬףһΪԸΪҾˡ
ͷԥҺѦҲ˸Сլӡ
סҲԡȻˣʲôҲУÿîʱ
îʱ춼û
һ޵ı֪ʲôŭϰ䣡Ų鸡ɢɢʲôӣ
æͷŻ˱飬ｫиңȶա
޿Цһǰȷʵ˵ҪĻ
Ȼġޣ˭ʵ
ǣʱ޿̲ôɱ˷ﻳǣҵĶ
ȻҪô⸱ɢӣո뼸ʮĥһ㻹úĥ
Щ˵Ķԣ̫ˡ
ѵˣѵ˵ģɸ֪׵¡
޵ͷ
˵껰Ѧʻ棬ҪȥѰȻʲôƵģ˵첲򿪡
ޣɻſ˫ۡ
ڷ޼ͷȻ£ڵˣӡ
֪ոڸߴ磬ϲ˻ѣ
ĮдŽݵһ巻ʲô
һתôߵٸѦ
Ҳˣ
ˡ
һᣬй
ã


38 

޻ȥ㽫ԭίѦ, ü֮ǰҲδ˵ıѵ˻ûץ
ѦʳĬͨ޸˵ЩϢ, , ֪ı֮˭ˡ
ǬһҰײ£ʵҰĲǰڷ޵ǻ֮ı, ѹȥڳ̡֮
ʱѦѾ޸ȥ, ֻ֪, ϸȴö֪ˡ
һʹˡڶʮǰҪд̳Ǭ, ʧ֮ڣǬۻ, ֿ֤ݣΪ, ȥݡ
Ѧ˰ˣǿá
һ, ʹ
죬԰, Ⱥۡ
ѹ, Ҷȵ΢, ﻳɨһ̨£ѧʿû
̫ѧʿ没ˡ
ﻳЦһ޵ǻûΡ
̫亹˵Աȴһˣ½󳨣ȻǺ˾ƣȾƣ
ﻳε塣
ɣȻյﻳǸǰ˷ﻳһľλƵľűӣ徴һ
ˡﻳεǽȥ
ŭԣˣһ˦ҪĹˣ徴һһҪ˱
ﻳεľٱҲ塣
ﻳǣ̨ܵ£յӵǰ徴Ӷ
ĶһۣƱˣŤͷű󲨹Եĺ
·ûʶԼ˸ûȤģģ徴ˣ
ٹٽһֱӣпȥĹԱ˳ӣָŽʾ⡣
žƱϲ˹ȥ
󣬹Ա˽
öûؾˣôȻˣ
Ƕ˵ȵ۲ôȵۼݱȻ
˼Уܻˣ㿴˳ʲôˡ
һ·Сܣܵˡޡĸǰ
԰ٰ죬ΧƻͨޡȴڵƻµΧҲû˴źҲģޡԼſżüĲˣȻȴռֵˡ
ֵ徴Сһ
ޡ㵵̧ͷһ˿ֻ̡
΢Ц⣬С벻壿
ޡû뵽Ը˵۾ﵹӳƵӣЩȥԱߵľյľһ룬żҪ͡
㣬СǼ̫ˣҲˣòҵԸһȾƵģɴޡǰһĸơ
ޡûȹƣǺһĿԣһԸ˳ߵƣΧ˲Ŀ
ﻳüԸ̫࣬ȶˣȥϢ
˷ȥʱڷĸҪ£ΪʲôҺȾƣ
ֱͻ˸ۡһɴŮӴڳҶӵݸĹˣˣҷȥɡ
˽ҶˣŮӲţôôƣ
ۣһƬҪȻôƭʵСӣ
ŮӷԷֿЦˣǼ֮ɫ˵öԣǸȻǸٻ
ﴹۣ΢΢һЦ
Ǹ㣬ٵһ֧ҪΡ
ͷʣֳǵʱ򣬰ѷӸǰ
׷ꡯѰ֮¾ʣô֧ˣӸҲ䲻
ףǾͺãʣµ⼸֧££
֮󣬷ޱ˽Ļÿîʱȥ¸ѧ䡣¸Ҵҵ󣬸вд˲ٱ±ԴŷްʿΪʦƢ𱬣ÿŷ飬һһٳ
ڳĹݣʦǵѧʿȻѧʿȻҲýߡһͨ󲿷ʱǽġ
Ļλ
ֻҸڴˡ
ȻбԹ鱧Թѧһʱ䣬ȷʵջࡣ
˱һꡣ
ֱ꣬ʢġ
ӳҲѾ꣬ڳ͢ѹﻳǲٽޡڹֻܽΪأ
Ϣٳǣޱ֪ʱˡ
Ѧ˵ﻳǵľ߶˵Ǽ£޵ʱףȴˡ
Ȼﻳ͵ԼҲð棬үֱĺ£ȥүԲĹػ֮ġ
ߣүȥ


39 

Ĳǰͷ, Ǳʦ, ͳ˱, 𲢲֪, ֻ֪޵ľ˾˱Լ, ˵Ӧ
ǰ, ⽫޺, ѦϰⲻԼΪ, ԺȺ
ȥ, һ·, ҪСġ
ЦģѦڣҰȫúܡ
΢΢ü, ˪˲, СѦʡ
Цһ, ֪Ѧһ򲻶̣֪ΪʲôѦͦõġ
֪˵ʲô޶ȥ, ǵ˲ɣ˲Ǻ£ѦʴˣҵĸоܲԾ㻹Щ
Ц֪ΪҺ, 
, ˵㡣ЩεĿ۷, תڼȡһ
ոµӡ
ߵģʳסУѴһǷ棬Ҳûʲô㣬ǰһ˼¡
빬Ѿ꣬곤÷ɿ죬ѾģٲȻɱٷˡ
ӱȻ£ѽպú
һϻ
˵ã֯ĹȴʤһΪɫ⻬߹˱ߣڵȴоµƣаƣ͵ʡ
޻³ݵͦñֱ˵Ǹ湫ӣɫĵӾü续
˿óһiڷ޵䣬Ͷˡ
޳ţѦվ£ŷ˹ﻮһ˿ޡ
Ц߹ȥô˸ѡ
ɫáѦʵ˵ͷһѣҲȥȥ
Ѧʻӳͷ޵һģһӻƣվһһֵܡͬӣ޴ѹӣѦʴȴȻɱȻͨƸʢ
Ǳ󣬷޺Ѧʱһ·ȥڳ͢ͷȥص;н
꣬꼢ģӱ˺֣ũǽҸ壬ȻûͿųͷȥɱ͢١
ʱٹٸͷ㿪ʼ׼ͬ࣬ɱ°Ӱա
֯ɣ˴ССĶ飬ռһرΪһʱݸ˲ٻʵۡ
͢ɱѹһʱս𣬶ǰʱѦͼٷȥأ;б㡰ǡá޲ұɱ·;ϣﻳǴŭɳرѹɱ˸Ƭײ
£ɷﻳıɱ׵ܣҲ˵ʲôˡ
޺Ѧһ·ӱޣˡǰ棬Ѧ·̣ĳӴԼһ󾭹
˵ҹڻҰǧǺá
ֻ
ĲŪŻѣʲôҵݵүگȻء
Ѧʡʵۡ
ޡҪ汨˳𣬵ϻʵۣ㵱
Ѧʴһô˵ģ룬񾡹ء
޵ͷҲǣǲˣ
ʲô
±Ԫ˧
ѦʡͷرҪɵˡ
ޡɵɶҰͲҰ߽ãÿʲôùܣУܵһô졣
ѦʲĿ
ޡ㻹ǵҰɡ
ѦЦЦۻŵ
һţ¶һ룬ںֲ
ѦʧЦУҵı£үأˡ
ʱԶһӡ
Ѧʡˡ
ޡ
˿ٵ˻𣬲ڰųӹ
ҹǧǺã׵¹ӳ·һƬ
Ǹ
Ѧʽ˸£ңǼ
ƥ˾ųǰȥűϵİһܿƵǰȥ
ʮˣڱʷ׷׷Ѧʺͷޣ˳
޿ٵĴһһиٶȼĳ޳δȷ޻ֻ֣á͡һ˵ͷ­㱻Ѧʿ
һ
еԱ˳޺Ѧߵǰ⣬ĶȻǸٷޡ
ƿֻĽ䴦Ÿꡣ
ݵĸƤͷƵģƬƮҶ꾪ֵ̧ͷŷ֣˸ԼȻа˷ơ
ﻳΪ˲ٿġ
ٷһ̧ͷ㿴˷޵ͫٿȻŴͿϼ£ſڳݲĿڣϸţɱҡ


40 ү

, Ѧʱһ
ǰٷûôӴ, ֻӷﻳǵ, ͷȥص;а˽, ɷǱѱɱļ
ǵ, ٷ޷Ǹư, ΪʲôͻȻ˵
ٷ޾ֵ, ݲס, ŬԼڽ, ԼĴڸС
Щ˵, ɤô
ٷ޲ΡΡؿ˿ڣ˻·ʲôƵ, ûп˵, һΪҲᡣ
һ̤, ս˼ٷޣٷ޻æסԼͷ޲Ӽٷ䳶һ, ֤ݵơ
ٷޡɱҡ
ްƹԼϣγ˽
гüٷִһ
һְֻ˷޵ϣ޲ŤͷѦʵɡ
΢΢ü, ǸѦʲôʱô
֪, , ҲƲʲôˣһɡһѦͷһκ¡
޸֣ȻžٽƣЩɻʣΪʲô
ٷ޵ĴǸĻ֪ôܣǱﻳǷ֣Ǳ֮ú롣
в죬ôҪѦΪʲôҪ
Ѧɿ֣͵³ܾЩ̡˵ŴۣΪɬԽˡ
һ˲û뵽ѦʻشʶĲȥٷޣٷ޹һӲϢа˷Ƶľµд˿־塣
ȻƣʽȻͬ˭ܽ˷ֱ
͵³ܾЩ̡
ֻоԼļȻһһͿ
޸Ц漴ʶʧ̬ȻǾЩʱɱ
Ѧ̾˿һɣ±֤Բ¡
޾ýѦЩһ̬ôͻȻ
ҿܡѦʵ
޿ٷųֻӦĻţȫѦʵ뷨ֻѦʽŵң˺ҳһģһ»᲻
ĵѾʬҰˡ
˶㡣޼ֱҪѦʣйˣ㡣½ۼٷޣһ˿
ѦЦˣ˲оԼϷѦǸ榡
ٷ泵ᣬ˼뿪Ϊﻳ;ɱ֣˸ĵС·ȥ;ѦʽٷиһƫԶũңŷġ
ﻳԤõˣڹٵϷ紵ɹ˼죬ûе޵ĳӡ
һ·ִ˾
֪ӭȴֻ޺ѦˡѦʰ޵Ϊưͺү⣬һн˶Ѧ
֪Ϊ޽ӷ磬Ȼ½֪ͬˣʵҲϲܵܣϾǻ׹ݣ֪ЩľսŵʹӰ粼ˡ
صĻ׹ݣӦôһʹôôˡҪƺ͹ڣֱ֪ҪԼӴˡ
Ѧʳ;ɱҲϴһգֻԼͷ޽
֪ŵûɢû뵽һأҪǷ޳£Լ϶ҲҪܵǣ
޶ϯϣ΢ЦŰڰ֣ʾ֪ģֻ΢ЦʹƣӦ궼Ѧĵĵƽ׽˵ưͺү
һ£֪Ҳϸڣֻ˵ҪʥѦһڻؾ˵ͷԻһ⣬ʥ˵
ֻ֪࣬һٽӷѦһֱں֪˵ĵĻش֪ĸ⣬ѦʰһµĻ˵ˡ
֪ȥ˸ۡﻳȻЩС˵ԼܵܣΪɽ¥󣬾ɡ
Ҳ֪ȰźõģȻųг밲
֪ߺ󣬹ܼ޿ĿָָѦʣʾ⽻ѦʣְĽϲү˸ס
Ǹ¶֪ˣĺܷϲġ
Ϊǵһ
շ޶Էﻳǵ˽⣬Է϶·;гޣԼȻĵ˾Ϣ϶ܿ촫ﻳǵĶ
Ǽвеʱˡ


41 ϲ

Ȼ, ﻳ˵;˱ʣ˴̿ǰȥ
ʮպ, ﻳĴ̿˾
ʱֵҹ¹ⱻƲ, īĺ, ºڷɱҹ
ҹŵƴĵѲ߶, Ѧ̾˿, šӽĺ´̿͵ͷ­
Ƭ̺ŷڰѦʣѦ˵ż̿ʬ塣
˽˸ۡǾȻ
亹Ѧվ, Щʬ崦, ŵү
æͷӦǣѦȥıӰ, г岻ǹ书Ȼ˸߳
һҹ, һ߶ŷﻳΪλûжһŮķϴ
ûź, էȻʹӣ޺Ȼһ˲ĲӦ
֪ĸۡü֪Щ裬, һͻ, һ˵µ˺, һЩ, û£ҲҪݸʷǷ̩
ʱúţȴ֪ҴСѾߣŸʳУ˵ǴСĵġ
޶֪ҵС㵹еӡ֮ǰ֪ȥκʱйһ֮Ե
ʱλС˵ϣǡɿޱûдκλСȻ֪ð÷ްæϵӣмһ
λСҲ
֪С⼸վ͵ģ޻ʲô׵ġ
⾰֪Ҳ֪ʲôǸ˵˵ķˣȴһԼŮޣ޽
ձ󣬷޺ôҲ׹ݣ֪С޽ȷʵǸˡ
Сϲ㡣Ѧʵ
·㣬ʺϳΣ޺Ѧ˳˳ǣȥ
ûдʹӣʮ죬ܺú˵ˣںܵĸǽжһ㲻˵
ֲѦһĬԣż첻˵һʮ죬ﻵˡ
޵ջǱ͵ʳˣҸˡ
ѦʲΪȨƣǾ֪ҲǸ
˼Ѿ㹻ԣ޺ȻĪЩˬ΢΢ɫʡŶ
ѦʲĿ棬ڷԷθĽȢΪˡ
ޱĵͷҲһ׮ѻ
ԣˣѦЩ⡣
˵ⷬ̽ĵĽ顣
Ϊǰ޾ôġ
ǰ޳ǻȢ˵ѧʿ֮Ů統ʺȹ̵λ
Ȣޣ»֮ҹһƵģȥ˱߽
Ҳǣһֱ˭ã㲻ֶε£һûˣͽһ߿
һֱˡ
ȴ
ΪʲôΪ޻ȻӦʵġ
޵Һúõģ˼ҹ˵ˣ£ֲֹ֪һְ취
˵ţתЩɻĿѦʣôе㷴
ѦʺȻãһѾԭĹ켣ʼһչ
޸ǰһˡ
ƻ˻ѻƪɽ׸ıƣô׸ı䣬϶Ĵ
ѦЩңʹ֪֮ŮȷʵЩˡ
ޡ
޼ֱѦôˣȻл𣬲ȻŭҲȢޡ
Ѧһ˿㵡
ĶѦʣһ֮ļ䣬Ȼôһ˿˿ѹʹֱ
ҲȢޡظ
ѦʡŶһ
һ˲ˡ
ֱֱѦʣѦȻ̱飬Ƿȴܴ￴һ˿
Ѧʵıһ٣̱һ˭ǷǮģĿףЩɲζ
Է޵ʱѦʴ󲿷ЦŵģһЦϵЩȫɢ
Ѧһúܰģܿ֡
꣬ޱΪᱻɱ˫ۣһһ˼ֻи𣬴Ӵˡ
Ǻȴֵ֣ӡ
Ѧʽ̻ôαˣ̻ٲ¼ɱˣֻԹƣѦʽ̻ôصˣǳΪһϲ̨αӡ
ԶѦһ
Ѧȴ˵Ȣޣ޺Ȼ֣һ㶼Ѧ˵ֻȢޣҲѦȢޣֻҪѦһˡ
޲ٿѦʣƵԶƵľ˹
ԭҰ𣬱ػ㣬ֻмֻҰһԲݣǷޱַ˹
ѩ˵ҲϲôôԼǲϲѦ
Ѧϲϲҷ롣


42 

, ԶǸߵɽͣķƺ, ݵķҷڱǼ䡣
Ѧϲϲ
޲ͷһѦ, ȴѦҲڿ, ǡײ, ͷһ, æתߡ
Ҹոǲ̫᲻
Ѧʴ˿ҲЩãȻڵҲգŷޣ׷ΪκȻôƢ
ѦʵԽˡ
ޡ
ԸѦΪʲôѦȴʲô, ֻǵǸ, ǸʲôҲ˵
޺Ȼ뵽Ѧʺһֱ, Զ䲻ؽһ, ͺ֪һƵģֻԱһжȤ
ΪȤ, Բʡ
̫ˡ
£ĬţѦۼ, һ۱㷢ǰĹľԺһӰ
Ѧæꡱһ, ʶס, Ҳ˹ľԺĸ¹
ȻһǾĸ¹, ĸ¹৵̧ͷڵ۾ˣ̧ӡ
Ѧһߡ
ޡ׷
ĸ¹ܵ÷ɿ죬˲񱼣һ·׷ĸ¹ټȥ
Ѧ칭£ĸ¹ѭֱܣϵر任ŷѦʱһֻۣһֻ۽Ķż⣬׼ĸ¹Ĳӡ
Ҳ׼Ѧʼķ
ߴ١Ҫˡ
Ѧʡ𺰡
ͬʱң֧շɳѸسĸ¹ȥ
һֻ̣һ̶ײ֧ڿײ˴˽Էأӿ
Ѧʡ
ޡѽѽ
ţͬʱɿسµһǳɣĬúһ㡣
֧ͬʱĸ¹Ĳӣĸ¹ҵһҪӣѦֲһĸ¹źȻأڵϲסس鴤
ѦЦЦĿ˷һۣü˵һǳ¹ʬȥޡ
֪ΪΣһʧĸоȻӿͷ޺ȻԼŵΪеġ
ԼϲѦʺ󣬷޷ֲڵĸо֪ôѦദôе޴ġ
ϲһʲôо
ɡ
һͷ¹ȥεĳҲջķᣬǼ˵£ȴûʱôڣȥ·϶±죬һӹŹֵա
˺˽¹ϴɾЩ֪ȥٸЩ˷ˣ¹Ƥ˫Ƥѥ
Щ£ޱܿѦʣȥ鷿˶֪ͺүӰ룬ʱ򣬷޶ȻǺѦһģǽմԻȴֿˣѵǳ
޴ƣܼĿﻳֻ湦ԸвƲֻ࣬бһᡣ
Ϧ޷ӣ⡣
ɫһƬ޺죬Ϧڴϣ̨յúͮͮġ
޺ȻһδԣǰʱҲϦһ·ϷˣѦʣʣҪ¹ȻӲֻ
ǰһĻ·ػǰϻ͸˹ѦʴӲϻ˹ȥ
ʱ˭һӵ⣬˭òΣΪѦֻΪ˳ͷȰ˵Ѧʽ˸ʵʹͣȥУξ
Ѧ֮Ի֣Ϊϻ˵ɡ
ѦʵʱϻץˣԼʱֻ˸ʵƣûѦʣºһȰ˵ѦȥУξͷβûйĹ
룬Լ治Ǹ
ʱѦӣһ·ֳʱѾ뿪ˣȴȥݪ봨˾
ѦʴûҪʲôҲû˵ԺҪôʹͣҹ˵ҪԺǻѦҲѦһڻؾӻ˹ȥԼҲ¡
ѦͼЩʲô
޻αϣۣ˿
ѦΪԼô࣬ôѦʣûϲԼ
ĸֲֹĽһ֣ѦҲһϲ
Ҫ˵ǣҲֵֹġ
ƽʱദģʽȷʵƽ˲һ
ѦʵϲϲԼ
ˣסЩҲûã¡
Ƶʹӵоһأ㸻է
Ϧ価ֻʣһ˿ͣɫģ鷿ûеƣ˿Ѿȫˡ
Ѧʾ͵ƣ鷿ţûӦ
Ѧſڵһᣬƿţ鷿һƬ΢Ӵսڷ޵ϡ
޿ϣĲϣۣ۽۵Ͷ˸ÿĻΣӳüĿ续
˯ˡ
Ѧס͵߽ޣ
˷޽ķǲ̽޵ôˣҪֻǽ޷ϵλȻٱѡ
˶ѡ
Ѧһ޾ˣһ۾ͿѦʵԼѦʻʱһε
Ѧ˳ӵķ˯ˣҾû㡣
޵ͷշ죬ʱˣȥ˯ɡ
ȻĶӡ
ļգ޶ѦʣѦʷˣʲôûʣҲԾزȥޡ
Ի󣬷ޱ㲻֪С͵ĵģ֪СҲýˣܾκ㲻ˣֻо֪Ȼοʡ
ʮպ󣬷ڵʱ
Ժӱһ·ӣһˣм򣬲ũ񣬷֧мɵľӡ
ǲɱֻӣһ·أֱ
طҲ϶Ϊ꣬;ɢң˹ǣһ롣
Ⱥ񹥳ǲäмƻɼȻоʦָ㡣
аջӣ֪ܲסˣָɳ֮ΪΣʱ򣬷ڳ棬Ȼһ仰Ҳ˵Ծڸ¥ģѾǸյһżĶˡ
Ѧֶ۾ģʳسţǰʱԿͻʣ͵ͻ˲ֻ꣬һЩʱũ񣬶Կֱ練ơ
Ѧʵһͷ­ǵľʦץ˻ȥϴˣʦҲץˣǺܿɢӣнģ򱻷ȥֵء
һۺ󣬾ڵĸǡ
޶ʦ֮⣬ԲŷԸѦʲҪѦڻ߷һϢ
Ⱥľʦǵʱ봨֮ǰڼ޻һ˼顣
ڱץʱѾ˱׼ȴû뵽ǺóԺúȵźһϴɾ˴νľ
һ»ƵȲ裬Ѧһԡ
̤ţһ̧ͷ㿴žʱ꣬Ҳǵľӡ
һ


43 

Цӯӯ, ŲյԱһݣѦʽӹյ, Ȼţˡ
Ŀɿڴ㡱
Ц, ̯, ָе, ʾ⺫¡, ԴУǾ
΢΢ףְذư͡Ѧʿһۣ˼װ, գգ, ޹
Ѧʵ
δĺˣȻӦ, ȷʵǸư, ǰʱܿ˵
Ŷ, ˵ΪһԲɤӡ
ǵãʱǰԳĳүʹӣѲɵʱԷ΢
ΪһӣŵΪĸץҩβ, Ȼ, ĸ׻ûаڶ꺮ĸ, ǡӱ, ȻȻؼ
һȺȸմũ񣬼֯޼ɣֻɱӣķһ򣬲˵ͷĽ飬ξ棬ʹȺֻٵһмɵľӣһģȻ°빦ͷ쳢ͷΪʦʲô
ιҲǺĽ飬ȻᣬطҲ󣬵ʤƫƧע⣬ռ쾰͢һʱҲϾ˼ǣǸõʱӻ֮
ֻû뵽ǣλ˵ͬ˵ľȻǰ
ޡû뵽㣬
һ˵
ޡȨ֮ưˣкδ㡱
Цһȣǹ̩񰲣ƽϲ֣˭ԸȲµүĶ飬Ȼģ޳үܷΪūΪͣԾм֮顱
ޱ֮⣬ԼţȻ֮ãк˺ſ͡
Ϊ֣ӱһճɲãΪҺ͹Ա̰ˮ֮Ҳһֱûճ̣ũͨīһأũΪ޳˺ܶߡ
Ϊس֮£֪һЩԷ޾мӣټسʱ޳Щϧĸթ˲Ǯܿ죬ڷ޵Ĵ£һʼˮպ޹ͼֽˮˮ
ھһƬ֮ʱһСʻ˾ǡ
ƿӿһۣ⾰ǰݡ
ȼѬ㣬ִ裬ˮһע뱭У̣͸ɫ
˫յݵϣλȷʵ±ˡ
һ˹Ȼûаһ·ϣʲôˮư¡
һǰ̽Ϣﻳɱ˾ʱ͸оԾﻳǵ뷨ҪɱٻȻҪ·϶֣ô˵˵طɱ
æȥһ̽ڵ֪ЩΪæ˾
պ
յһ˲δֻͨóһϻӣ˵һ֪
ɻĿˣϻӣȴǸֽķ糵ϻĶв㽫ʵ˷ǰ
ƿϻӵһɲޱ𾪡
Ѧʹһۣʲô
糵ԶֽƮƮϣĺһƵġ
޿棬ȷûˣ૵Сʱһݻֵܼһ˸糵
糵͸ֽͶʰ쵵Ĳʹ⡣
˿ֽȷʵǵһˡ޵
ѦŹֵôС㶼ǵ塣
ȷʵշ޵ӣһ޹Ҫ˸˸С飬϶תͷôôꡣ
޵ΪתͷͰѷ糵ˣץ˸С
Ѧʡ
ЦȻ԰ѷ糵õֵΪʲôҪӣҵʱӳһӣ뵽ᱻ֣εҪ
Ѧʡ
Ѧһ糵ѣûȥֲռط
ޡˣʱС¡
޽ݷŻϻӣϣҵʱεҪأŷ糵˰죬˵ҾҪҲˣͱŷ糵ˡ
Ѧʡ
Цˣ˵ҲǸˣСʱŹ֣ھõ˼
Ѧ˵ɡ
ʱֻһ棬Ϊ󲿷ʱɽˮҪôǴݵķأֻһ˴ξǣûҪ˵ֶ飬ûеġ
ΪƫƫʱҲֱӱݣ͵͵˽øԼѵǲ֪˾
һӺ˽ȥ
һͿʼսǵģﲻסĿޣɽãǸ¥޵һͷˮ
۵Ļȣ޺Ѧʴȵһͷ˹޷ȴЦʱȻֻһ棬븸ʳüһ۾ϳ
۾һѽһҪ§ޣδСޣˡ
Ŀɿڴ˵ʲôݾȻҽоС
޴˸ƣʾ£Ѧʵү
ϲʤáãһСûʲôС޲Ҫźá
ްڰʾⲻãĵǸ糵Ѿһݹ˾ŵĴˡ
ŮȲ裬ŵ𾩳ΪЩС޿ɻסùߡ
ףʼƣѦʵү·Ͽͨ˳
ЦǺǵãá
ޱºͣŴƣѦֵү˵Ϊû֪ͨҪ֮£׼ִ٣¡
ЦǺǵ޷޷
ޡΪҪ
װ꾫£һӦȫ´һڵĺǡ·С￴̫壬öЩˣôլأôС
·΢΢ü
Цһ·˵˲˼ϢСָسҿЩնڿ㣬˶ñ¾ͻ֪ǿ϶úʹһ
ﻳҪ֪ǵѪĵ
޴˼ƣѦʱ΢΢һ䣬̧ۿѦʣȫϷʵЦ⣬ʾѦʿ˵
Ƶ˼ǣسǵȫѦʵĹͣԼǸԱ߿Ϸġ
ѦȭɿһƬ̣һү˵ЩǾ֮Ͷѣؿޡ
ޡ
Ц֮ͣȷʵѣܲǴɷо
ܿ죬ֽ˼ά˻ϴϼʱС޿㲣Ƕ˼־
ʲô޲ɫϣĻ¶ģɵ΢Ц
̾ϢһȥʱСޣСʱһ㶼һΪϴ˿ǽһȷʵСޣҲȷʵǱֶûˡ
ɫƽشƣѦʵү˵ǰز־˺ܶ࣬Щˣ˷ء
Цģֻһ˵˾ͺãΪʲô֮ͽðСޡ


44 Լ

Ȼ²
ǡôһ˿ɻ, Щⷬʲô˼
Ц, յ, ͥݴò衣
һʱž, ˸¡κ, Ȼ, Ѿ³ǰڹеǸǸٻΪλͻȻΪͻȻ̽
ѵǷﻳ̽ĿǺûбҪҲ˵Ұ׵᲻Ϊﻳǰ£˵ﻳ̽ԼǷķ, Щ¶һˡ
һ, ˳ɲǷﻳġ
޼ٻһ棬ȷʵȻͬ, Ϊ˳, ټ֮ǰ¡زĴţһ˶±˰еⷽ롣
ôβ³ЩĲԼǼٻ, ãͽ
ԽϸԽ﷢
ӷﻳǱƹԼһϵµԭίʼĩ, ֪ʲô
Ѧޱ, ҲѾЩ΢, Ϊǰʱ, ûмλڱױȥ߹֮ıϢ֮ǰҲûйϵ
ѵΪһıԭĹ켣ԺչҲһǰô
Ȼ˵Ҳ˵һʱž֡
裬ŻڣЦ¹˼ձ֪СھΪˣС޿кζԲߡ
޿ѦһۣѦү˵¶ãΪҪжԲߡ
޵ͷɻĿ⳯ȥ
ԷһֱװɵΪҲŭֻǺǺһЦҲǺүͱֵȻôţǰСޡ
˵̾˿ֻǳԺ󱲵ĵһ㣬ҲֻǵСޣȻСȻ̩Ǳˡ

æƣѦʵүү˵Ȼˣڸסһӡ
ЦǺǵ⵹ãеطססƽˮСҪʲôʱ뱾ˣʱҡ
Ŷˡ˵ȻʲôƵģһŶ֮ǰ˵ºһֱʲôС޿֪ʲôô
޵ɫһ˲ĽӲĲ׽һ˲Цˣ˵ȵ۵گ˹ˣ˵ͳλȵۻűдگ
κˣȻʲô֪ˣô˴ǰǵ
Ȼ޶ԣЦǺǵʱˣȲСˣȸǡ
޺ѦͿͣڷ˱ڣҲһ·ЦǺǵģٳǰ߬ѦʵĳС޹ҲףҪúչǼѽ
ˣ޽иĻÿһ䶼κˣô֪ЩĿʲô
̾˿һɣֱƣ֮
Ѧʵָŷ޵̫ѨİĦ˽١
Ѧһ޶ʱɿܶ࣬ĸоͷƤˣҲ֮
޻˿ֻһ棬СʱؾǵǴΣ֮δ˵˵ҰףҲ˵Ϊ͸ʲԲų겻ؾǡ
ڿ϶Ѿ֪֮ǰǸǼٻҲ֪һЩگ£Ȼһʲô֪ӣҲܿڲǣҲ֪Щ¾˽ٻоǣʲô
Ѧʵ˼㣬
޽ĻĿʲôΪʲôҪҡ
Ѧʡһȷʵ˰˼⣬סھ˵ʱȥڵȻ
ޡһ
Ѧʡᡣ
ޡȲżʱ˭ż˭ˣҵңʲô
պ
ƽѾ缯˵ģɱģӻŵ·ߺȣ˵һ־
ѦʴļУһС߹հ˹գһεĲ̴
̼ΪΣƽﱾͿϡ٣ϣûȲ裬ֻϰһڹǰϴ롣
Ѧƿӣ˲̣ϰ̧ۿһѦʵҽ
ϰ廹δ˵ڼѾƿӣ¶һŽݣô軹ûأ
Ѧ΢΢Щȣֳʱ
߽ڼ䣬˶ǰЦģû뵽ѦȻˡ
һһС¯Ų裬һƬ㡣һ࣬ˮڵĲᲦȥƯĲҶ˵衣
Ѧɫ䣬ֽϣңܲ
ǣסѦֵʱֽ
ֽ߬һţپͷΪ˵裬Ƴһֻֽۣϵǰ֡
Ѧ
Ѧ
ƺѦʽֽϵԼ


45 ׷

ȵĲˮһע뱭У̵Ĳڱд, չƽ
ѦҾ, ȴøű߽³, ʵϧ̾
һɲѦɫٿȻѦ΢ۣĶ
ΣѦʵûʲôϧ, һô, ֪֮ʲôоܸ˵˵ô
ɫ, ʹ̾һⱲҲһˡ
ѦȻԭһ֮¿ԽԽ鷳ˡ
ѦĿΪһˣȴû뵽¾һ
Լܹ, ΪΪʲô
ȴ΢΢һ, Щɣ
Ѧʶԣﵹ˲蹪˵, Ѧʲͷ￴ȥԷü˳Ŀ, ɫƽ˶࿴һ, ƶ˵̸Įġ
ֱٿ, ѦʱŽɢϢ, ٵ˵ǷٵҵԼЩɻһȫȻƽ⿪Ѧһ˲ȫ
ûֻ֪ǰ¡
էһ˵ȻԼܴһĻʲôܵ
ֳǣѦҪζ㣬һζǧѰٵĽҩһζ׷ꡣ
˵ǧѰ亱Уô׷ǧѰ
׷ȼ֮ʱ̳ɫòɢ˯Уǰ
Ȼ񹴽һôȻù׷꣬εԼǰˡ
ôĿıȻˣ￴ޣҵˣʵԼ
μǰǰĲ֮ͬӶƲԼһȻ֪ǰ켣뼫ı䡣
ȻЦɲôһһҵδɣߵ̫磬ȴ֪ѦǸʲô֡
Ѧʵͷûʲô˵ģʱȥүֱ˵ʲô
ϣѦǳһƬԸΪ²ϴı£ָǷޡ
ʲôʲôﶼף˲˵Цķӣ
ѦƳһۣʱŵһɪֻѦʵϰ嵱˵ĶѰҵĺܣϧѦĳû£һҲ

ƵһЦѦƽʲô£Ƿ淽ӣЩϾǱҲҲҲ˵׷갡֮£ʣ⼸֧ˡ
ˣУѦҪȥ󷽵
˵ţǰһ̴ľϻӡ
ҪѦֳֳô󶯾Ҳء΢΢΢Ц˶ʮ궼ҲȴѦˣϧչѦ̫ƭˡ㿴ʩֶΣ͹ԹԵĽ׷ˡ
ǿĳųһĨЦ
Ѧ΢ۣϻӣЩ׷͵ǼѦԸպиĺôɴҵѦҪСޣҺҪɹ練ơ
Ѧ䳰㵹ʲô
ǿɲǡѦһƬģ˶һҲС޲ס
һתףǴ˭ԼСޡ
һ׻գ¡һ˲ưö£ղŻʵ˲̫꣬մˬϢ
ɡΪ޵꣬˼¶ȡ
һֳɡһֻ˲ɿһΪֵĿҷŸ˵Щÿյ֧Ҳ˳үʲôָʾ
ޡ޷һῴź⼸Ҫϼӷǰи
źˣиҲְ໻ְߴҲ֤һֻӶɲ
ĵĴŰƱ΢˶˶٣ʳɻ󣬡²֪үΪҪϼӷѲҪԺү
ףۣ˲ˣѲǿΪҪȻүҲҪү
֪گͱƹ£ΪΪâԲװƵĻӡ
޷ܹܵǺá
ԺҵĲãھͭǽڣɽѡ
תȣ费ֱ߽鷿
ƿţһɮվڣüºͣһǰһ
һпɰá

ޡɱȳӴˡ


46 ݼ

һ, ¡һ죬µĸˡ
塣
ɫ䣬ǽĽţѾǰıʾ, ˭Լõʮ, ô
ü˳Ŀ΢ۣһޱϲĵ, 첻ڵȵѦʩ, ʵ̫ˡ
˵ţ建˹, ĲӼ, ƵģкȻоΣգ̾Ծˡ
ͬһʱ, 康Ȼ֣˹ȥ, ޷ӦĲ, Ȼȭ, ŷ޵̫Ѩȥ, Ѹٵĺһ, ʹСֿסһ, ˳޴̧৵ɨ޵Ĳ
ޱ޿ɱܣֻһֱȥȻֱ۵վȲȲ忴ǿ׳Ȼȴľˣȷɨ÷ֱ۾ʹ޴Ƶ˰벽ƽ˿϶סһ£첲۶ġ
ֻ֮䣬ĴߣȻСС棬ֻһ˲̸ߺҪ
˵ôĶô˵ˡ
嵭̫ˡ
ͬʱ峯ӹȥһס˶ԷĲֵĵɴۣһʹƳ޳˹ǲ뺫źĲӽԷȥ
ɳȥԺڵΧǽϣ¡һû˷Ӧ
޾С
Ȼ˿ȴݲȥֻҪзģҪ
̡
ѦĶ˶ûϻһۡ
ҪʲôѦʵһЩŮ鳤˼ûˡ
Ȼĵͷô֮飬֮顣
Ѧ΢̧ۣڵֱûҵ˼ҪҰ㣬͸ô
һû뵽Ѧʻô˵
û㣬ܱΪҸΪʲô
һ˲Ĳ⣬εǰ֪ѦʶԷޱʲô˼Ҳ֪ζѦʵģתֳǵ֮ΪѦֻõ޵ġ
ȻвмҲúģ뵽׷Ѧʺ³֮Ȼá
Ըꡣ
ҪȨѦ
³֮ȻѦġЦ
֮һֻΪڲɱʱҪȨ³֮ҵĽĻʵۣ㴦á
΢ûϵѦʾȻûгŮ鳤ǳб
žֻȻɷԵˣǱСѦˡ
Ѧ΢΢ǣǣ¶һĨаЦ⡣
кδ㡱
ֻ΢΢һЦȫ˵ƻʱǡ

裬޺ѻʪ͸ȷ΢ҪЩûͷıˡ
ұΪ˲մǷǣȴû뵽øɮ̿͵Ļ޹ϢĶһһ
²ӦȻᣬ۲ͳӦ赲
߱ɱܣײϣͳȵһɮȥնﻳǸЩ£ͽλԷô
鲻䣬üëûһ£޵ĻȻûдֻУ£ƶɮҲˡ
Ȼһɵıܹ¶ľĺò¶϶·ȥһȭԷ̫Ѩȥ
ͬһʱͷҲصץסһŤһֻסĲǰȥ޵ȭͷԲ
ЩһȭںϣȻƴȫȭͷѾӳҪջֲף޼ҧȭͷ֮յںǰһûЩΡ
һ䣬߬ס޵ԱһŤʱһŤƴȥ
ͷ亹֮յĶ߹ȣ𣬡ȥˡ
΢Цˡ
ƽС
ѦʽϻӴУƿӳţɡɡϡ
ˮԷһ͵ǳǳˮݻһ̲
Ҳ׵ǣΪ׷μǰôμġ
Ѧʲ𻰣ҲһĿбӵ꣬ʮǰǷʲôΪμ
һ̾ʮǰõ׷꣬аúܣұ㽫ԶڲȴǱ֪֮ˡҽ׷꣬Ҳʣ㲻ϧѹвҡҵȣҼΪ˶ʮˣȴû뵽ȱˡ
Ѧ΢΢ü
ƤЦⲻЦͷЩԹ˭ҪΪ㣬ҲҲҡ
˵꣬ҲʶðѻѦʵϣŭ׷ʣô֧ɵúúϧҪɾûˣǷҲ䣬ҵĽǻңҾҲš
ȷʵҲšѦʵ
¶ɻѦ˵綼ˡɻʱڴ족
һ˾䡰ڹ˵ɡѦʣԻݡ
̫ĿȥҲ죬Ѿ񷽲ôţѦʳɡֵСߡ
顱һޱһȭ赽˵ϣµɳʯĥۣ߬½ȭͷȥ޲ͷܹڶȭŵ䶢ȭͷĹ켣ٿȻ̧ӲһȭֻһͷĴ죬˵ֱγˡ
򣬷ϥһƷڵϣϥǶĸѹڶԷĲѹ
ɫͨ죬죬ѾƣҧҪ̧⣬ȴûȥץ޿Լϵ֣Ժһ
ʱһƬѣһȭڷ޵ĸôãʱճˡ
߽ţճѦʺãѦһһͷʱȻеһ˿ӽӳԺȥ
޵ԺƧΪҪԼư͵£ƽ۽ӽΪ˼ǿԺⰲ
ѦߵԺſڣŲȻסԺĲݴУ˵ǵʬ塣
Ϊƽ²ӽԺгô¹ʣҲ֪
Ѧʺס˲һӽŵֱĵףæɡԺ
ǿ˵һԻԵĺţ㿴˷ޡ
ѪסһűҪĺǡ
ʱȻһٶȼ죬ֻʶ˷һܣһѩĵ˳ļͷ
ҪܵĿ죬´˿̱Ҫһˡ
ۿžҪɹȴϣȴŭѦʵδѦʩ
ȻʵĿӿ̲סͷͿ
Ѧʶһ˹ȥ˺󡣡
޻סĴϢ֪ܵȵġ
Ѧɫⲻˡ˵Żʽȴͣĳ忳ȥ
ѵĵֵѦʵĹƣ⻰ȴȻЦ¿²֪Ѧʩȥ˭
ѦٿȻһȻһı飬ڵȴתѦʣȻ֪ѦʩȥʲôˣǿⱳڵģظɵĲʲô¡
΢űѦͺ¿ôǷǸƵġ


47 

δ, ƿճͷȥڣ޿ɱܣʯһ, ֻáϡһ, ÷סӭµĵС
Ѧʶû˿ͣ٣嵱ȥϥ񵲣˲
ѦʡΪﻳǻɱ, ȴû뵽㡣
塰, ûá
ѦһҲ, ô½, ô
Ҫ
ֹѦʵʽִɳɱϢ˶ս˿ˮк, ֻȭಫ
޵ڵϷϢڱǼѪ, ҧ, һֻһʹ, ԡһӺ˸첲, ȻȻ, ǻʹޱ, һһǣ˿ڡ
ŲеˣѦ˵ռƣϵķʯΪԽΪˣ˵˵ǲ¡
Ѧһ˿̿¾Ҫɱ
Ѧҧ㲻ȥľϹЩʲô
˵ʵڵģѦĲԸٿ壬ǰ˽嶨Ȼ
൱˵书ߣҲΪѲ
ױܹѦʿĵѸ֣ϵ棬һ
Ƿ鲻֪ʲôƳɣ뵶潻֮ʱֻӼٻϸ΢Ļ
΢΢ü²ӦûţҲһǣ˱µ·
ӼһֱƺΪ£Ǻү
ԷﻳǵҳϡѦʳ鵶û鶯汻ţЩ֡
塰ǴͳƶɮǶԴҳϣ˭˵˲Ϊң㣬£ǻ
ʱһһĵ⳯Ѧʲ˹ȥﾹȻһѶذ
ѦЦǾϵİɣд̻
н崭Ϣá
Ѧʷһųȥ岻ܣһѿסѦʵĽҪˤȥѦʷӦ죬ڿնһֻȳļͷѹȥ
顱һͬʱˤ˵ϣбͬʱ֣ȻΣͷݷģͬһʱ̳ԷʺȥŶԷöԷ
й˫˭κβ˭һ˲ͬʱʶʲôƵģȥڵϵı
Ѧһ˲㷴Ӧ˹æȥĶȻȴҪȥΪڼһ˲䣬Ǿ޴
ֹУ˿ԷĶУѦվһӦʱ򣬱ѾקסϺݺһͬʱȭͷѦʵĸݺһѦ͵³һѪ
޼ѵǰͫ׿ʼɢȥϵĵ
һֻصĲϡ
ż⹴ذذշ巴ס޴ȥһʹʶľ͵һذĲС
ͬһʱ̣ĵڶڵ漴̽޲ʱȻһɴƷѦʱŷ޾͵һĻ
ޱĴ޵Ķ
޾㵵ĵɴۣѦ΢΢üĵڶ£Ѧۼֿ׽ס棬ĶʱѪ졣
ѦʱһɲĿѦʵ·Ѿ䦳һƬѪۡ
ѦΪΪ޵һʼ֧Ҳûкö٣˹˼ʮк޿̵ĵϢѦʩĳôΪҪ˻
Ѧʡƨ¡
߬Ѧʵ½󣬽ݺΧǽϣͬʱֶذݺݴѦʵУǽשм޴÷׷£ѦͫٿȻҧŬǻ﷭Ѫ³ʱȻʲôƵģǿ֣½߬ȥ
ʱֲԣȻΪʱĲϣһɾ޴ȥ
ȻѦѾ߬ס½󣬽ݺݵǰ
ɫϺ죬￩죬Ѧʺͷһǰһ󣬾޴Ĳն
岱һᣬˡ
޲ŷ·飬Ѧʡ
ѦʼٴϢǻһֱŵһ˳ۡһ³һѪ
һƬæѦʱȥҪסѦҡҡ׹ʱȴѦʴĳ
Ƿ޴δĿ־塣
ʲô
ţһɴһͷ޵λãת䣬ֻѦʲ̵ֻ
Ѧ塣
޺Ȼеһ⣬ǵⶥԼĸϿѦԼǰ
һƬհס
թþȫһδɱ˷ޣ֮ʱѦʵȴѾϡ
˫ۣѪ˳Ķͷ¡
Ѧ˿˵ﻳͳ»֪گд˭ְɡ
ȻѾʲôˡ
ǿŵһйˣѦʺȻ£ûıֻʣµ󣬳͸Ϊһ壬ĸ쳤˳
ͫ׻ɢ죬ɤƵ˵
ͣˡ
ɢȥůĳ·ϴӸɾɫչأһ貵Ľۡ
յգâ財
գգۣգգۣãȻŵϵѦʣѪӵ»һ̲
յգâ財·صǰһգһմ裬ҲڵϣѪ
ʧȥɣҲҪʧȥѦô
յգâ財ȴ׹ߡ
ֻؿƵĻţգŴΡΡС˵һ䣬·һ㡣
ţǰһڣҲ˹ȥ
磬յգâ貣Ǹ


48 

һƬ, У˼Ľк
ô
شȥˡ
޷ۣ뿴Ѧôˡ
Ѧû
ȻƤǧоʹһƣϯ׹ĻС
Գϣ׻˹ȻһӰһȭ׻˹ȥ
խĲ, Ѧ, һһ׵ĸιҩ
Pݻ죬ΧһƬ, ԼУиߴӰػ, ȵĿŤ, Ż, ҵս񣬳˹
СԺ, ĺ, ̧ͷһѦĿ, Ŀ䡣
һײ, ޴ӳ˯˻
ҩ, ظĻ˿, ˡ
Ѧء
ڸڼ䣬ҺѾ߷ſڲԸϽˣ֪ʱѦЩһתѾŽŵײײ˳ȥ
һܳţЩײ˼Ѿߡ
үˡ
үȥġ
ˡ
Ѧǰ޼ٵĽŲȻסˣһָϣĿš
ƿš
ʱЬѾ߱˹һįı飬˼֣үЬȴϣ
޴ۣ˳Ľë£ֳֻѦΡ
һ˲һ㵣ǷѾ˲¶¶ˡ
̫˵Ҳ֪˶ͱ˸Դ
֨ѽһƿ˽ȥ
ڳһɵѪζѦ˵̫ˣʹ˿ڣѪҲϵĴ˿˳
ڴǰҩ䣬ѦʵʱΣգ벻ˡ
Ѧ˫ĿգڴϣϢ΢ؿڼ
СڴϣҪֹˡ
ǳȥɣҸ˵Ự޵
˳ȥľŹرյ졣
һָƵķŶĸѦʵĲ
ѦʵƤų˪µĴֲڸУȥһƬǱǼһ΢Ϣ޼ΪѦҪˡ
˻ʵΪʲôҡ
ԺֳѦʴ§סλõһ̡
һѦʵǰδеĿ־塣
ôѦǲҲôһģϲ
Ѧʱ֣ɥĵͷͷĵ˽յϡ
޵͵͵ģ͵͵ģҵʱЩʲô㲻Ӧþҵġ
Ѧʣˡ
Ҿʣˡ
պѦʻûѡ
޻ˣһһĻѦȻûκκתںﰵʾȸѦ׼¡
ҩĲҪǮƵңÿѦʵĴǰۿɼٶ
գȻججڴͷȻһ£һϸϻӣǴѦ˿ʱֵġ
޵黺ƶϻϣӦĶϰɡ
ϻӷ£Ķһ䣬үҲҪע壬ҪѦ˿
޵⼸գ¾ͷˡ
鷳Ҫ޳ŵӣ̾˿תš
һᣬ˳ϵϻӣ򿪿˿ȴǼ֧ɫ㡣
Ѧʲôݷô
޺ᣬûκζַ˻ȥ
ͷѦʣѦȻ˯ţǰû˿仯
һƬңѾʼܿƵţҪѦˣô
ĸ𣬻ǳɹʧܣ𲻹ǹĵʵۣǹʬҰ
ֻѦۣһۣΪ˸ٴĴҲԸ⡣
ңպѦˡ
Ѧһۣ㿴ݵ޲ŵĿգգۣգգۡ
޼ٵĴϢϲ⣬Ѧʡ
Ѧʴ΢΢˹ʾˡ
Ȼһ̣Ѧû뵽ǣ޾ֱָĲͷ˹
ţĴдϴްǿҧһסĴ
ѦһƬհס
һƬհס
ѦʶģƬѦڷӦ˹

ô
ΪʲôҪ
ѦʵĻӦһ㣬ֱӣʶԼոʲô
ޡ
ѦȻ㵵ĵӼҪɳˡ
⻹Ѧͷһôʧ̬ı顣
亹৵ľˣո̫ͻˣѦʻôѦʻô޴Ľ̫ͣˣ⣬ոûûûӡ
ѦĿɿڴһûˡ


49 

ޡ
һҺ, ޱ֤ѦδֻһʱĲԣԲΣգŷġ
ʱѦˡ
ޡ
Ѧʡ
˴۶СƬ̣Ŷͷװ·ƣҪˮ
Ѧʡš
޻մˮ, Сһһմ, Ѧʻ˼գˮ, 촽ѣֻ޻һһʪ
ǸĶ, Ѧ, վһֱ, ѦʰƳһߣ֪ʲô, ǿ򶨵Ķ˴, ȳһ¶ȣѦι
ʱѦʺȻ˵ˮȷǰɡ
ЩۡѦʰͷƫһߡ
ѹֺγ, ޷, Ϣ, ˸㰾ࡣ
ѦûӦ
Ѧ, Ѧƫͷӷ޵ĽǶֻܿ
޵ʹۣʧĳ˷š
ѦʲôǾȷ޹ŵһ٣ſڣ֪ʱװʲôûз˲ҪõģѦ䵭ķӦĴʹģǷ޽Цĵģûб˼ȥ
ġ
˵ŵĶѦʾܾĺף°Ѧʴ̼ʹȥ
ﴫѦʵĮ֪ˡ
֪ʲô֪ĵģûб˼
޳ĬĹš
ѦѺ󣬷ޱ˻ŻѦʳҩѦʻָҲ죬ƺҲ˵˷̵ϢһϲΡ
̵º·ϽҲ֪ε֪ġ
⼸ѦʶԷһֱ䵭룬֪ȻίΪע˺ܶ࣬װԼǸˣκԽĶҲѦʱӿ
Ϊ棬ƽ׵ĸֵƵģһ𣬵ԴѦԺ˺࣬ӶԻ϶ֳܱ
ޡоô˿ڻ۲ۡ
Ѧʡ޷
ޡʲô
ѦʡС
ޡǺǺǽ̫ͦá
ޡ
Ѧʡ

ûмôεĶԻ
γ˺ü죬ţ̲סЩơ
һô
ڸСƵģŤŤô
ͲѦûһϲ
ҪǲϲôܿԼΣգֵô
޸оԼʲô
ѦһΪ
뷨ð޾̲ס˸£ϾѦʻẦߣ뷨ͺֲܿ
ϸ룬ѦôƣֲóķӦȷʵֱŤ
һͣ˲о̹ˡ
ѦΪĻôҪҪûֲСûҪŤŤġ
ˣȲˣһٰѦʹȥ˾Ͳˡ
һͨѦʵ̬ȱ㲻֮ǰǰѾιĻԸѦι࣬ҲѦǷ˵˵ЦЦƤмӺ֮ơ
һշճι˸ҩģǴ󲹣Ѻȣʲôá
Ѧʵ˺ЩˣҲ֮ǰ
ѦʱŴͷ״ʵиϻӣ㿴û
Щһ磬һá
ʵʲô㣬ôš
ġ
Ѧʱǰ˵ĻҪ࣬ǷҲ̲ס˵˼䡰ҵ£һԶġ
Ѧʵš
˷֮⣬ȴ֪仰ΪǵѦ̲ᷳסʳ⼸һֱɻ⡣
㵱ʱΪҡ
Ѧ̧ۣϷȵ񣬺ȻЩ˵Ϊɺܼ򵥣֪
վһ˲ͿˣһĽǶȺ͹켣ļ֮С
һ˲һ̽˸ܿҪ
Ҫ÷ԶǵĶ飬壬ǲһЩ󵽷޷ӡ
ɵӭľȻǷ޵ǣѦʵʵľˡ
ʲô
Ѧʡֻһ㵱ʱӦþҵġ
Ѧʶأ˵ʲô
޵͵͵ģ͵͵ĵ㲻֪ҵʱж຦£һˣҸô족
Ѧһ㶡
Ըµҡް˵
Ѧ˵ǸʲôζʶĲ÷˵ˣܾãη˵ȥиԤķ
Ѧʵ£쾭塣
ޡֻΪ
̧ͷѦ㶵񣬺Ȼٱȥˡ
ϲϲΪʲô˵
ãȻѦʣҡ
ѦʡȻѾȥˣ¾ͲҪٷϣⲻǻĺúõġ
ޡ֪Ϊҵʱʲô
Ѧü
Ц룬ѦԸΪôǲҲôһϲءҲ֡
ѦʵɫȻѿ֮
Ķ飬Ⱳǻˣ±Ҳ壬ԸΪκ¡
Ѧɤӷƣڵ￴Ҫء
޲δѦʵ֮Цҵģñá
ѦʵѾ׺
ѦʲӦӦԵĸоԣҪͬˮûǿЦѻ˵꣬Ҳ֪ǴʲôʱʼϲģҲȥˣٲ˵һκһ˳£ҾҲû˵ˡ
Ѿ׵ˣѦҲûа취ˣ˲ꡣ
һǵĴз·ڣѦԲţ˱ۣʶİסͷȻһɻУЦ
˭¿Ц޵Ҳ²͸ʲô֪һֱҡȥѦʵ֣Ҵǰãң֪һֱҡ
ѦʵȫǼӣΪյ£סѦʵ֣˵ܲһΣġϲ㡣
ǵصĻ˲ûѦʣѦȻţȻ޵ı̫棬ֻǷݵ̫á
ףûҪݡ
ôֻʣ·ϲ
̫Цˡ
һڻĻˣ֣˵ϲ㣬Ц¡
ο˻ɱ
һ̣Ѧʺݺ˦˷޵֡
ѦһֻŭҰޣ˫ۣ˻ΪʲôҪɱҡ
һ㶣ʲô
һ㶵ĹѦѾ˳ȥ׹ߣ̵ֻĸų˳ȥ
Ѧʡ顱һȭϣҶ£޾ûƭ㡣
ѦʽۣĿŭ⣬ȥ
ӽŵļ⣬ȫ޵ղŵĻҪͻ㣬ұ㵱Щδ˵һֱһƭδ⣬̫˺ˡ


50 ξ

ԭ, Ѧʲϲ
Ѧ
Ѧ֮ԻҲֻΪǾ, Ϊ
ֻΪ, 꺮һǾҰѦһ, ѦʲŶĹ, 
һ޹ظ, ֮෴Ѧһֱ, ζΣ̸ϲ
޷·һˮ˸, ԼЩЦǰìܻо, ھʣΡ
Ժ, ǵĹϵҲزǰˡ֪Ͳ˵, ȡ裬֮ǰôΪѦϲ
̫ˡ
޵ĿתϷõϻϣ̴ľϻӵ񻨾£һͲѰ, ôѦ˵ڽ, ѦΪ
, ƿϻ, ó, Ǽ֧㣬ɫôôǹõġ
ѵѦ͸ĸѬ
ѦϲԼոһ޼ֱײǽ
ҲûѦʸ˭ߵĽӦòɷ޺ֲܿĲ²⣬Сһ֧ᣬţٿһһɵƮ˳
ͦƯ޶һᣬᣬȻûʲôζ̵ζûУ˺ÿûʲôرġ
䣬ˣһ٣һɾȻӿ
㲻Ծ˼ǵصû˺硣
ʲô֡
СѦʡ
Ѧɾܿʲô
룬¿ÿ
ΪʲôҰûʲôܸ㡣
Ա¡
ȥЩεξ޶У˷ӿԶֻصΡĻʹʹȻ£һˣڼӲʯϣȴ·һƬһжôĲʵ
ﴫ޵ְϣƿš
ǵصĺɫûڹ˺ź̺װҲǺɫģϲ쵽Щ졣
ھͷһŴ󴲣УӰʱʱѹֵĵ
ſ
ٿȻۣԼ
ѹֵĴϢڴ˿̱ޱȣ޹ʹǰƿᣡ
ݾµһ¾ʣһѹ£ﲻסķڷɢڴĴϣ죬΢΢ۣ۽ˮȾ֬㷺źɫӳ۽ǵǿС貶Ŀ
һֱڿޣѹ϶˱ͷ۽ǣҵĺţ޷ޡ
Ѧʡ
׻άƿᣵĶŲˡ
ʱѦʲͷͷĶϣҧĲǷ޴ûı˺ãѦʵЩѹΪʲôǿҡ
ûѦʵĻȻţѦʵٿȻ÷ͬҰް˻Ϊʲôǿҡ
¡
һỽıȻѣ̧ͷ
ѦʽϨ׷Žϻɫ糣ȥ˯
ȥϷͨ˲ᡣ
컵ξѦʷɫǰʶܿȴԼϣѵһˤȥ
Ѧʡ
æĴӵչ̣ͷӣװ㣬ȣôͻȻ˯ˡ
Ѧʵ㣬Աʱ֮衣˶٣ѦʵŶԲסʧ̬ˡ
޲£û£ôˡ˵ʶԼ˴ɫȻѾ˯ͦãѦʿ϶ǿһֱڷԲŽ鿴
ȻѦûٻػʵμʲôˡ
޾š
Ѧʵһֱ˵λ
˵ʲô޶ʱʲôŰ
޼ֱҪˣʧ˴Σô
ޱ룬ҪѦˡ
Ѧʵû塣
ˡ޵
Ѧʿˣм¡
ڸ뿴ѦʣƫƫѦʻһûƵģ񷽲űĲһ㣬ЩƣķЩۣʲô˵
ҪѦʵѧʿˡ
΢΢ü
Ĺ𾴵ıλѧʿ
ѦףǽᵳӪ˽
ﻳǵڸʲôŭѧʿѾãİˣö˶˵ַʲô裬͢ץץҪѳ͢һŻˮɡ
ٳѦʵﻳǺȷʵԵѧʿѳ˼ţǣ˳кüλˣѾ
һ㶡
ѦʵЩɣﻳǲǻɵѧʿʲô
ա
֣Ѧҩö˶˵ʲôܣ˿ڸպѿ˸Ͷ̥
Ѧܳȥһȭ֮Ľ
Ѧɫֻ࣬пЦ
ʱţͱסʹ飬Բסְ
òĽ΢΢ƿԷıĨԼϣ΢΢üʾɻ
ʹ޵װСޣװֵͷûѽ
ԼԼĦĿ졣
ڻ˰ΣһͰ͵ţǱǰֽġ
޳ɵĽӹţһıЩ£Ų𿪣ǵѧʿıʼԵɨһ֮󣬷ɫ䡣
⡱
̾Ϣڿ˵ˡ
Ѧվ񣬷ԴУδ˵Ĺ졣
̾Ϣس֮¹Һ͵ֱ㻳ɣ㻹ţѾǸٻ
ţŵĽԭء
ȵگ̻̲ɶգ֪㻹ţæ㻥ͨϢ
ޡΪεʱ˵
Цһǵֵ˼
Ǹ˵ƢСҲ֪ȿһʱ䣬پҪҪŸ㡣
Ȼѧʿ۲䣬ƢǵԼԻ䣬ԼƷԣû˵꣬Եѧʿ˽⣬µѧʿ°ǣûΪ֮ţͲҪŸˣñȷﻳǻҪڡ
˲۽ǲڵᣬҲҼˣʵۿ϶ǻɵˣԲּѲ飬ٲֵ֣ͷûѽ


51 Ͼ

պ, ҹɫɡ
˯, һСҹɫʹ˾ǣûоκˡ
˼Ʋ֮󣬷޺Ѧʻæܸ, ھӦˣɾھļ
Ǭگ֮ʱԤϹ, ʱﻳ, óóȻֻ̫ἤŭﻳǣֻܰһһγﻳǵҪΪͻһ, ǬҲʢŭ֮·̫ӣȴû뵽ﻳǾȻĸתͷͱƹȨ, Ѹٵ⧲
ҺóǬһ֣ͽگи˵ѧʿ, ѧʿΪ˹ֱ, ֲ, ʺϵѡ
ǬۼݱѧʿʱӦóگַλ, κνű㴫زϢѧʿΪޱѺ, æԲߴ㽫޾ȳ, Ǻܿ, ޱ㱻ųˡ
ڳǬۼݱ󣬷ﻳǼλĵһι磬زĵһ¶棬˿ģһǷӣﻳƣΪزˡ
ûôޣǰŰɵıﻳǺŪ˹ȥֻ֪Ը£ǵѧʿһѧѧʿֻۣ֪ⲻǷޡ
ѧʿ㿪ʼ׷޵䣬һȻΪѾﻳɱˡ
һ޾ʱóگֻ¶лɳˣֻܽô츲صȵگոһյĶȵ֮
ֱھسǵϢ˾ǡ
ﻳǻֽţѧʿ֪ûΪǸٻûô͡
Ҫһˣһֵεˣȥ֪ͨޡ
ѧʿ˼ȥѡĹʽϡ
һʶ꣬ƷŵùһȨƣȻͶﻳǣΪ˽Ȩƣɱһ·ͨ裻Ҫǣûиگ£˿ƶϳﻳǵǻĲ˳ҵ
һжǸɿ֮ˡ
һ⣬گϣޣǧҪޡ
꣬÷䣬ȿ죬ûйأͽŻˡﻳǶ磬ǻ÷ﻳλϾѾˡ
ԾлȪ֮£ȵ
ߺһ£һֱûûдϢɵÿʼǷ·ϳʲô£ֵʮգﻳȴȻ˳˽롣
鷿ﻳŭһţ˦ϡ
һԴѧʿмӣвҲᵱ˦ڴѧʿϣﻳǻǵһôĻʵۡ
ﻳҧгݣһһظеĻһаã˭ھ㴫š
ѹûյţԭﻳǵ˸סˡ
˭¶˷
Ϊţﻳǻ֪࣬ɵȵ۵گڳеļţǽԽᵳӪ˽鳭ȫ
ǵѧʿеĵʮա
УѧʿĿ񣬺ȻһŲ
ǰͣ£ôԷ
ѧʿû⡣
ﻳǶԵ˷Ըȥһݣ⡣
ѧʿҲҪ⣬Ż
ﻳǡʳõģ´ͷʡ
սսȥˡ
ﻳǵϸگġ
ѧʿûگ
˵˸£ûѳگװ޵ʦޱҪٲ˵޿ɾͲôˡ
ͽ˱ʮ죬Ϸɵʦ֡
ﻳҲգȻԸʸ״˵̲ѧԶ޵ʦûǸңگġ
ѧʿȻۣԸ⿴ﻳһۣڲӦگӦҴҽúøӣһڵĶϷθ㡱
ﻳǵǴⲻ˵Сޡ
ѧʿװȥˡ
̫ӵҪŽگֶ˵ãǷҪϷһԡ
ﻳǵ޲ˣΪԼ룬ҲΪ룬ŵĻǸ޳˸⡣
½õȲ˶ʪηﲼ˷˵
گȷʵ޲һͻҪ̣ծӳõСΪŮòײŮ˵С㻹ֹС
ѧʿһ٣ݿʼ鴤˼ڷŭıԵ˺һ󣬵ѧʿƽϢҵ˼ŮǸңگɲǿԵģ̫ӵ̿Ҫˡ
ЩʱҲסﻳǵٸʱ俼ǡ
ǲԷġﻳɨһ۷ˣ㲻θˣˡ
ֱﻳǵĽŲԶˣѧʿۣդĬ˰Σ̵˿Ҫķˡ
ѧʿ˵Է⣬õƬȻһ˿ⶼ˺ܶϡ
ѧʿʳ֮ζĽŲˣȻ׽Ķһ٣һ˲£ȷΧûˣŻĴͳһֽ
ѧʿ͸¶Ӷ񡰡
ޣϢʹϢΪʲôҪ


52 빬

ҹ¡
ﻳߺ󲻾, ӭһȺ֮͡
һΧڴ⣬ƾʲôñȥ
ĵǱµϽκ̽
ŭǱµĻÿ
үҪ͡
Ĵ, ֵ뿴һۣôô鷳
Ǳµ
һ, ޵ҡ
һʱ䣬ש۵, һɫ
ǻ׹ݣǲҶ, һᣬǲŷ֣˸εҲ
ͬʱĵѧʿۡ
ް, ڵĵѧʿ
ѧʿȻ, 촽ס, گսս꣬صƿ, ڼگϵ
޲ͷ, ˵ЦЦѧˡ
ϸɿݵָ˷޵ͷֻеͷһů, ѧʿͷ, , ĸոպá
աһѦڴŵš
Ѧʳߡ
ѧʿתͷѦʣ㡱ĹľګѦӡߵģѦʾ͸ģֱǸС࣬Ȼѧʿӡ̣֮ΪѦǷ޵ĸ࣬ΪѦʵ̫̿ˡ
Ѧʡ
ѧʿһֱŵ¡
ЦѦڣѧվǰ
ѧʿ鸴ӵĵͷ
޵ߣϲ˶á
ѧʿѸٵ̫֪ݾߣǿȥҵ̫Ҫ
޵Ѿȥļˣġ
ѧʿ˿ұס̫ӣ̫Ӹʱ䣬һ֮Ҫ֣ǵĶһҪ죬گڡѧʿ˵گĵط
ףʾ֪ˣȻòģҪôǸߡ
ѧʿϵȥ
üͷþã˫ϥ£ĵѧʿصĿͷ£ѧ
ĩˣվѦ뿪ѧʿȻС
뿪ĽŲһ٣΢㶣ѧʿŵҲ֪ҵô̫ģ̫ʲôʱǵģܾΣ㻹СΪá
޽һ˲ɫ糣ĵͷ֪ˡ
ѧʿ̶Ѧʵõ¡
Ѧʡǡ
ЦѦʵ֣ɱ֪ϴΪ˾ҲûԺɲˡ
ѧʿĹע㣬ȴ˽յϵºѦӹϵô׽
ֱҲû뵽ЧҵıǧټҪҵگͲڻ¡
Ͳնоķ档
˫ֲӷó˱Ͳگӯگ
ʡɡѧʿһҡǣµˡеڹĹǣگմȾ˵Ѫԭһɱ¾
ҵگ󣬳ҹɫӽ˻ȥ
ôûȥȵҾ¡Ѧʵ
һţӣæˣ˭ˡ
˲̤ӣοŵͷĨĵ磬޽ϡһòˡ
Цаˣ˾λǵ˹
վȳŻˣ巽ųȥˣôҰࡣ
ѦʵɫһɲȻûиҪ¡
۽ǻᣬվԷӯӯһл¾֮
һۣҪΪңҲ˽ѣҷģһὫȻģ˹ġ
ĬĵͷѦĿĶŵ磬һޱȢʺ
Ц߹һѦʣţ˵¿˼ҵ˹
Ѧʡ˵ʲô
һСԺԺλƫƧװ꾫£ҲûʹӣӦǳʱµ֮
ң׵¹⽫ԺյãѦߵԺУʼѦ˸㣬Ҿ˾ǲŸĻ֮ˡ
Ѧʡšһ⣬ΪϢ͸¶ȥġ
ص˭
Ѧϵ˭
ѹص
Ѧʵʲôʱ֪ġ
ް˰ͷ˵Ǽգյ˾˾ţ˵گڵʱҲ̫ţ;˾˽ƾͼƿҪʲôȴû뵽˵ıǸʱܶ࣬Ҿ˸㡣
ѦʳĬĿŷޣû˵
ʶѦˣæҲãʱȷʵæˣź˵ȿȡ
˵ǺѦʱ£ʱֵ÷ǳΣûжƺҲ
Ȼǲܵġ
޻Ϊ˶Ů˽
Ѧɫްѱ棬ǳĹ𣬡ûϵáҪģõıȨ֮Ҫų
΢΢üЩյİס˶ͷ֪Ѧʻǲˡ
ΪѦʻ֮ʱ㱨ʾпѦʰмʲô˺ȥ飬ȴ鵽Ѧʼ
㱨֮󣬷ޱܾòףǲûط룬ټѦ֮˷·ޱ㲻£ҲٽԴϴαʧܣĻ˺ܶ࣬ҲʼûҪ²Ѧ˵
΢΢ͷȻѦʱֵĲԣĽ䱸ȴǲزסķ޺ȻЩѹ
ҲǹҪ˵һ룬ޱҲͲȥˣȻЩûôѦʶţˡ
ƻܳɹǻͷѦһֲɡ
ƽƽ
ȻѦʲ䱸ͽ߾ܣȥѦʵķѦ֪ǿεġ
Ѧʰ͸СһǸĺӣȴϸСǵúֶκҸ
վſ£Ⱥˡ
ЦŻͷӦһһתͷȴѦѾˡ
һգʮ
ǵļ࣬һҶ׷ס
磬졣
ӴԷһͷſڵ¥ĹǷ׷׻־ͱҶƮδѣҶӲȥظ
һ죬һᣬͣˣͳİ𣬡ˡ
ƿӣǰȴһİСԺվſڣЦӯӯ硣
ڶգʮġ
󵽾Ǻ޵һοֻ̫æˣԴӲŸйأһֱͣĴߣĵϸ
޿֪ˣְźˡ
ף˽ݺͱĵطҲҵˡ
Ц¿Խһ򾡡
󣬷ŵѧʿһһǼĹ佫Ĵš
գʮ塣
ѽڡ
ﻳۣ߳޹漴ȥ
ﻳʡˣѧʿûиӦ
ŵһδԡ
ﻳǡļҾҵô
šƾʧһ㣬˹ˣЩֻȼҾ첻ȵѧʿô
ﻳЦѧʿǲһɭϣ¾Ȳ˰ɡ˶٣ﻳֵˣȥˡ
磬Ҫ磬Ȼٹٲܻؼۡ
ʱ죬ʱ˴ɨҶֻ࣬żݻƵҶӱ
Ķһֱߵ̴ӣͷ͵͵㣬ñ˿ôֶұλ˸̴ӵȥô±עⲻǰɡ


53 ǻ

ϯ, ỹδʼԱǸС죬һɺгΧ, ֻмԱЩءһᣬӴϹ, ͦص˽
ԱЩ⣬ƽٲμ, μҲÿζٵȵ, רŸָûôؾ֪
ЦǺǵү
ƽշӶȻ۾ͷҲȴطӾ΢΢Ʋͷ, ΢΢ףŴˡ
˷׷׾档
Ƭ̺, ̴ҲЦǺǵ˽, ڹԱ׷״кһɺͺֵĳ档
꣬۵ķﻳǴǵ˽, ˷׷¹ӭ
ﻳ۵֮ɫ, أǿЦԸ, ٹΣ, ﻳǾƱ, չʼ˵ʡ
ѽڣλ䲻ؾɾ顱˵һ룬ﻳǵĻȻںһ㣬Ȼֹ
Ŀⶨ̴ϡ
̴̧ͷ¶һҹλضܾѵجһݣ΢΢һЦ
ڳЩ̧ͷǵı£˳ŷﻳǵĿ⣬ķޡ
˾
ϵľƱﻳңңһܹף尲̩
һ仰ȺɧǸưͣôʱͻȻܿ˵˻УΪҪ͵͵빬
ﻳǵʱ޹ģôڳ˽£ת÷ɿ죬û޵گΪ˽뾩
ƿڣţʱͲҪװͿ
ﻳΣյۣˡ
һȡһչﻳǵͫٿȻ˽¡
ҳƺƽҵ
ΧĶ΢΢һ٣ҽԾڼžΪ
̧ۣɫȻĶŷﻳǣ콫λӷޡ
ٹٻȻ
ﻳǿЦ
ȵ۲̫˳ĴһŪٵگı淸ϻ㵽Ǻξġ˻һ˱׷ӵĿ⿴żˡ
һگչʾȵױ飬д£㵱ν͡
кµĴ󳼴սƣȷʵȵױʣӡд죬Աһǵӡвͬ
ǰ˴ȨТԪ̫󽻳̫ŭˤˤȥһǣýӲϵġ
ﻳЦֻҪαȵ۱ʼɴȨ⳯͢ʲôӣץ
˭ҡ
һȣֻͳһĽǵ˹
ˢˢڽǰ
ﻳŭɶҪ췴
Цǳֹ
ѺһﻳǿˣǵȥֳǱѦߵĸĸ
ǰ繬ıȵۺһǣ㣬統Ϊ˶ɾˡУʦʬھһ£ָν͡
Ƶڱ£֪飬ȴ֪ʦΪκö˶˵ȥ˾ĪΪı¡
ޡǣظλҲ֪زˣλ˺úÿҵ֮ǰǰģǲһˡ
ӿԼ׵һϵģòһʻǽȻͬģ֮ǰǼٻ
һ˽Ծ
һԱɵүȻ֪֮ǰλǼٵģΪ粻˵
ܵʱδ֪зﻳڣҷô
ﻳһʹ֣Щ֤ݣܣܣǣǴ췴ô
ڹԱ𾪵ʱһλԱվ˳ʱ£ѧʿ˵ȣᵳӪ˽һûиǽ˵һֱڲ鳭˸ʲô
ޡگʼڵѧʿбܣֻ֪˲鳭˵˼ңȴ룬ûк·ϣˡ
ﻳŭʲôͷı棬ץ
־ƲﻳǲȻŭôҲҪı治ɡ
ʱͽĲɿֵʱսԱǷ׷˱ܣѦէȻ֣ķﻳǹȥ
üͳܴô
ҡҡͷУЩǻðģ˻壬ҲƭƭˡһگûлʵͣͳǵѧʿԼˣҲûа취ټôĽðġ
Ȼˣͱ滻ȥˡҪͷ
ЦǺǵġ
ӾĿһ
ֻװ
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ʤѶ
Ϊگһ£Ĳ룬ܿ㱻ס
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ﻳ˺ѷεĺ޲ȵ׷̫Ⱥ
Ⱥ
ȺУһ΢΢һ̱һ˲ӣʱ㵣ͬװ˿סһŮ𣬡𶯡
ͼɱĽͷ亹΢΢ƲͷȴԼͬһƷˡ
ЩСûб˷֣ΪҴ˿̵עȫڷϡ
ȥ
ͷگĺԺѧʿȹ£ӭϻسꡱ
ꡱٹˢˢĹ¡
վǰȻһֲʵ
˷ãȻĿѦʣѦʳ΢΢һЦ
޻㱵ƽɡ
Ⱥ
ڽﰲź£ΪЩ»
ڶգ춯صϢ˾ǡ
˶֪ˣﻳǱƹλλˣλнӣޡ
ֶνﻳǺһצѺֽĵѧʿҹһڴ̿д̣ȴϵȻץ˶ΪǷﻳֵµ
ͬʱҹ³ȴһΪ׵ģһεţ
֪Ϊεûмʱޣҹд̣ΪλᱻϵȻ
ֻŵ˹
Ƿ޺ţǺ֪µ
ۣȥҲֻһ˱
Ѧʡ
ԭѦʴһʼΪ˰̫ǰΪѦʶȻԷ޺δ
̾û뵽ͷϡ
統֣ŷ޺ͷﻳǶųװ˶УޱﻳǵľɲɱʱﻳǻҾʣ˷Ӻ
ְ˵
ˣǻֱˮɵ¡
ϧһС
ɱ
󵭵ˣ鷳ȥɣȷ˵
Ȼˣڷ޻δ֮ǰ
·ʱѹ˼գҲѾų˽ٳǣ޻سæͣæ׷ﻳæŵǻˣæŰ䲼˽УɵķĹǨػꡣ
Щ½ѹæת΢˿ŷӦѾѦнʮû˵ˣҲѾʮˡ
Ƿ޴ȥʱ鷿ŽѦʷʥּҿ˰βóȥ
ʱǰްˡ
΢㶣ʲôʱ¡ΪƫƫҪ֮ʱް
Ծڷš
вõԤУʵ֮ǰ˭ȥ
Ѧˡսս
Ȼˡ
޿ŸոǺµʥּ۵ʹɫһʹıۣ˰̫Ѩ


54 

Ѧʵʲô
һͷԷһ, ʶʲô͵վŹġ
Ҫȥ˹
޴ǵ߳, ̫ˣȥ
޹, Ѧʶ, ôѦΪҪɱ͸¶ʲôѦʶʲô
²ôѦһҪ
Ѧ, ʲô
ʪ޷ӭײѦʡ
һ綹ӳյѦʵĲް, ޱϲѦƺһҲ޻ˡ
΢΢ü, ĶѦ, ˡͷҲأԸȥ׷ҲҪһ
ȥ, ȻĿתĶѦ, ﾡŭ⣬ʲô
Ѧʵɹ
ޡȥ, , , ôʲôˡ
Ѧʲˡ
޽ۣһҪеŭȫѹҧгݵѦʣô
谵мžԼʹ˵ĺԴ˿һЦڷ޵Ķޱȵͳ
Ѧڻʲô
ޡʲôҸҪˣ˵֮ûаϵ
ûС
ﾡŭ⣬ĵѦʸֵ¼Ȼɳɴѳһץ˾ǡ
ޡҲץ㣬ܵøңΪʲô֮䵽ʲôı
仰˵Ѧ͵شսڳﾡ⣬ķ޻һ»ɳһı仰ɵ˵Ϊ·˵أҹΪ˷һɡ
Ѧʵ·𺮱˿㶢һί˲ӿϷ޵ͷĿǱһ£Ǻۣܡ
΢ǰɱ֮ʱȥļ˭ܸҽһô
Ѧ΢΢һ䣬޽ŵȥһֱ֪Ҵûʹ㣬㲻˵ұ㲻ʣֱ˽£Ҳ֪кܶңܲ㣬ȥʲôˡ
Щɬ˵˿ζֻһࡣ
þ֮ѦȴܣҪץ
ͷҲصˡ
ս¯ѬȼմһưƮɢڿС
ѹĹҪ޻һֱæµ۰꣬һ˼ʱ۵ú˱ſڰǰ˯ˡ
̫ŵǰڷ޼̺ӡ
һ󼱴ٵĽŲ漲˽̫æʳָꡱһ
ɫѾһѣ˯̧ͷ
 £ץˡ
д˯ѣ޵˴
Ѻһ޷ɢǱŮ˽ŮӱѾӳ˳⣬Ƿϲ飬˾޴ı»Ҳ
Ů̧ͷ޺ȻЩ졣
֪ȥūʲô飬ūҲ˽١
޵¡
ķ޵İΣЩԥظһ飬¡
ūһŮӣܰѱôء
鷿˳⣬š֨ѽһˣھ
ޡѦΪҪ㣬кιϵ
̧һޱߴ鷢ԭ£¶ѦأѹҪء
ｫͷȥԭͷס¶˳ūߣȻΪūԱ˵ʲôֲɱңΪǷ飬ֻߡ
޶һᣬȻһҼ㣬ֳݪݵϰ塱
Ѿ˲²⡣
޳׻ˣݪݵϰôѾȫãȻˡ
￴ŷãȻӣ֪Щ֪飬֮̾ǰһֱΪֽˣ²֪顣
΢΢üŵھʱѦ˺ııᶨΪѦ˶˲Ȩȴû뵽Ѧ˸ƭˡ
޾ЩЦǣȵȣııҡ
￴ŷ޲ŵı飬̾˿ʲô֪
ѦʽݪݽһֱץԼٵѰѦʺ׮׮ԽɫԽڡ
ôû뵽һݪίЩɥѦʾȳж£ȴû뵽ʼٸ߾Ѧʡ
޲ŵܡ
ûգѦҪζ㣬һζǧѰٵĽҩһζ׷ꡣ
֪ǧѰٵģǹΪ׷õ㣬һմϣҲϴѡ
һжʿѦ֮ԻҵΪѦѦʺѦӦϣƭת
ǺѦ誻ǺıΪ˺
˶ƭѦҲƭ
еһжǼٵġ
һ󣬷޴ǵ߳ţƣѦʹ
ûаѦʹؽֻǹ˹ʱѺɻ׵ĵطþһӦȫܽη
ѦûԹԵı˽ȥֻǹŵЦ⣬ǳһŷޡ
ƣҪץҡѦʵ˵
޼ֱҪˣɳƼſǻʣһֱƭΪʲô
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ʲôܸܲΪʲôҪȨҲֳܸǵʱ򣬼ȻѾѦ誴ˣΪʲôҪ˲ô
Ѧʡ͡һЦˣʲôֻΪ㻹á
޺ȻãʱѦ˵İ˵Ŀֲ
ѦʣǸǿɿѦʡ
ѦģһŪ˵Щ˵Ļ
ǰ˭
ѦЦЦĿŷޣҪͷйô
ҿͷһ˹ȥЩѦߵ˵ϣһԵӾҪѦͷңӵһ뷴Ӧæ£ĳһȭҵѦϣĺȥɡ
һĿɿڴĿǵı½ѦñѪ˼ȭƫƫѦʻһֱЦЦĿ޼ֱҪˣһ߿һĨᣬѦʼţʲôװʲôװΪԼ˲ǰƭҺܸǰɡ
ʲô
ѦȴֻǳŪĿһƳͷ˹ȥвôٿ
Ѧʸ̧ͷƵЦɱң¡
ʶ᲻á
ѦЦݣˡ


55 ǰ

ա
ն, ѺѦʵηտյѦˡ
޹ѺѦһ±ܽеģѦһ, ֻܰȥѣȻϢǴ˵ѧʿĶ
ѧʿԽ, ̾Ľ޽һ˼ĪҪ, ݺѧʿѦ֮ᣬΪӡ, Ѧŷһ·߹˵ģҲ塣
п಻˵ֻܵͷѵ, ˵ԼǿӦȥ
Ѧʵķɾ, ûκ˽Ʒ, ǽѦʵķ˸飬գֻڷѳһ̴ľϻ, ˷ϡ
ηڵƻ谵, ʹ˼յƣҲȻò
դ, һ֧˿, ׷, Ҹ֧ΪѦһֱûá
Щţüⶫμǰ
֪֮ȻΪξǰｫ׷ŻϻƵ
󻹲ǳ˽Ѧ޵
Բ֪ˡ
ȴȻε컳ָžĺ˸ӡ
ޡѦʺù
ҡҡͷѦ˵ӣӦ֪ٵģҸ׷ûм٣Ҳ²⣬Ѧ˿ͨķʽ֪ġ
ЩңڶûѦʲôҪ˵ҪѦɱҪ˵ΪȨѦʾͲ
ѵ˵ѦǰʲôѦʲһ
̫ˡ
ȻЩЦɵȻ׷ô棬ô˰ڲء
ﴹۣ££޷ûù
Ҳ֪Լδʲô壬µ²Ҳ֤һôһͿأ֪һ̣Ѿıˣǰ·δȤô
޲ÿɷת뿪ϧѾûǰ·ˡ
һתŵ̫ϣ¼ǵʲôʱȥ
ޡš
˵һȥ֪ˡ
޵֪ˡ
޳ţ̫̽ţһյ峺ľơ
ص޹֮󣬹õ͹ᣬ˾巻Ĺǲ߲ݸϹʮգڵǻǰлɫ۷ýԺɫΪ׺˵ׯ־
˹ˣȴûȥԸõۣϻԥ
Բ֪
Ļڶϡ
޳˼ãƺ¶˾İ㣬ó֧ɫ㣬ȼ
ɫƮƮƮɢ
͵ؽȼͷһ
ˡ
ȻһԤУȼ׷಻ܳܵġ
ƣı۸˸£һ˹
֪˵ĵطʲôܵľѦйأδǻô˶ţʦڣһǶѦʲĶʱѦʾ鷳ˡ
ûѦʡ
޺߹հ˹գ˵ĵطѦҸۡĲԶǰѦҸҲͻķˡ
ƿţһ΢㶣ʲô
꣬£иؽѡ
䣬ѻĵطµĵذɫΪͬƿذ壬¶һĶ
˹ȥΣա
δ䣬ޱѾȥ
ؽж죬߹ͨæͨһƬһŰ
ǰſеıʣ̧ͷѦ硱
ܱյڵʮյƣյޱ
һźһ޵۽ǵҲԵɷ
޵ĵһӦϴμġ
ڶӦȷʵͦҲԽԽˡ
ľ꾪ֵ㡱
Ѧʲû˵ٻиũңżٻ˾
ɨϵ
ٻʶ֣˼Ȼҡ
𾪵±ֻʣƽڳģû˿ѦȷʵҲٶ
ƺһȥ޾㵵ĻعͷֻѦʻްɫűǰһڣʲô֪ˡ
һƬޣ¶ƮƮģѸ׹һ㣬ʲôʲôһƬޡ
֪˶ãһ¡лѡ
ڵĻΧ৵ϰããһƬͯЦŴ·ܹ
󺰣£㣬·ϻ
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ָЦҲȱôˡ
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ưö£޹ӣɵʬ£һһʲô
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ġ
϶ûܶԶϸѲ顱
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ҹһΣ꣬䣬ͷ̣ǻȵüҪ𣬵ȴģ
ݷŬ壬ɵʬϣԺֻ˹ȥ
ΪǱʶ̲ס룬˵Ѧʾͻˣ˵һ£ҲúúõģһжΡ
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һģ財
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ˮۡ
ûѦҲûһҲΡ
ȷʵˣѦҲȷʵ
ʬһڵϣ˶ӣʱѾ磬ģ貣һǸ
޼ѵĿⶨɵʬϡ
磬϶˶ɵʬ壬޷˹ȥֽɨȥ
޿޺ţסɵʬ壬ɹһ죬ʬϿʼɢһɵĸ
޺Ȼ̧֣ݺݵĳֱҧȥ
ֱѪ޻л㱸оۡ
ĲΡ
ţڿӣһֱڵ̫ڳһ˴ӣ˽ȥ
Ѫ죬ȴѾоˣһǻзӿں䷺Ѫ
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Ǭۼݱˡ
Ѫӿ۵³һѪ˸õ·ϡ
ææҵĽѪߣвסԲԲ
ˡ


56 

޷, Ͻʣ̲ȥСʳܹЩ, һۣ·˱֮, סһޣڶ, 㷢ϵȫ͵ˣòƲ¶ĵ, ͱؤˡ
ĸöҲ͵ˡ
޷ģֻʳƤݸգżˣ׽һЩɽҰ, 񣬻جج䵽˽, ĵĸƲʩ
ô, ͷݱ꣬Ϊūڴ˰Լȥ, Ӵ˱ຣ, ޶óŲסˣҲѧ, Լȥ
ת, һ˼, ܼҼò㽫Զʮĵļ۸˻ȥ
ڹʱ䳣һŴƵӣǿʤҲǽѱΪۣҪ˼ңֻ֪ؾʦҪϥǣؿͷ򲻿ܵġ
ܼޱֱͦһ򣬴ܲȳԷܼòʹȥ
øнʹ֪ʱӦùϥǺͼͷ­һࡣ
Ͼɽڣûգнƾʲôһؿ룬϶ûˡ
Ĳȥ֮ʣһʵʲôء
ܼҺ˷׷׽ү
ܼҵѵأԸүúܣû⸻˸󲡡
үˣ¡
ţ޸оԼ°ͱ̧ĿǸŸĹӸ硣
үЦӴûͦϵֲ
޻ʹҧΡΡᡣ
үҲȱͯôˡܼһ˵ʲôүȴѾҡˣϽ˴ȥΣһ˾ʡ
˵ıӰȻЩᵽѩ˵Ǿ䡰ҲȱôˡʱѦʵ顣
ֻүɱѦʺöˣүΪƣʽּΪˣڹԺһһޣֱͲŻȻֶõҵʱ޾͵ϳˡ
һү£ƫƫүúܣſԱ߿д֣ϻҪ߶߶ģֻġ
СԶֻͦÿģ˭ѧġ
СԶΪʲôЦЦһЦ϶ܺÿ
ֲԶˣүҸһ
ͣ±ʣֽݸԷĵдˣүųһͺá
үҲõ£ľҪϲ䣬ȥ޵°ͣЦһүûЦССǰɲá
üͷܿĮȻүϽд°ɡүҪٲȥȴѾվſڣүֻ㬵£ĳŷдõ¡
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Ѿѣ޶ŶүѾ׽κˡ
ڵԣλүж֮񱣬Ƿ޶ԶûһֻΪ˵үԺ¡
ֱһ죬˶үݹĲ衣
үЦŽѹ£ʪȵĴף޶þȫүƿԷιȥæӳ˸
ǻ˼Ȩƣ޲ڽжȻǵĸ˵ȥС˵Ļһ·£ֻصԭȵӡ
·;ңԶûݣ㲡ˣǲΪȥˡ
Ǹؤ
޳ͨˣȥˣҵӣȥҲǸͽ鷳Ц
ջ׹У䵽ͷ
ؤܺãһ㣬ֵķʳԣҲϽַʰøɸɾ˱㴵ԼӣԼҲա
ù¿꣬ǸΪؤ֮ͲˣŧӣǷҩĶղ롣
ؤ̷ѹЦ˵жӸգҲһء
û뵽ٿѦʡ
ʱڸؤι࣬ؤ߶߶˵ǰ£һͭǮصĴ죬˵עϡ
ѦʴһͳĹۣڵŷĻƣĵ棬Ǳá
Ƿ⡣
г
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Ϊʲôµ񣬻Ա˱
ѦʰջͰ͵ĶԷ޽Լα˹ѺμѵѰ޵ټ˼Ǻί
ίʲôʲôίҶίԵñůƾʲôί
޽Ѧʳһ٣Ѧѹ˵ӣֻ޿⡣
Ѿ̽ѦʻʵԣѦ˵ҲãٵҲãûһϵ
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ﻳѦʽͳ죬Ѧλگ֣ﻳǴȥͲѦʲġ
ǷеѧʿΪѦһոµĵɫӣȻѦȥƴȫһůЦݡ
ѾûЦˡ


57 

Ѧƺ˼, ˿, ֪ɹһ롣
ҹ˵˺ܶ໰, ˺ܶ, ˶ЩȻѦһƽճƣ߶߶ģĸԼ
, ޽ٸ, ŻƵϸĻƾ·˽װΡ޿ЦƵĵô˵ʱˣὫİ֮ˡ
ȻѦɫ΢䣬һ, ȴѦʵǵ£¾ǳҪˡ
Ϊǡ
֪ΪΣ޺Ȼ˿ЦŽջ, ɵüסˡ
װ, ԼѦʺ, Ѧʽ˴ϣΪȥЬ࣬ޱ, װһӡ
ʱ, Ȼо촽ϷһȵϢ, ܸоѦڿҲܸܵѦƤϴ¶ȣʪȵϢҪϡ
޹ģһƬңƽװһ˯ӡ
˺һѦ뿪ˡ֨ѽһѦʳš
ۣתƵ⣬ֱסۣ̾˿
ȻЩѦˡ
Ѧʸס£ѦʶãӦԶҳѦȴÿջŻ
ͬ궬죬ﻳ
ͳѦʱֱ빬Уﻳ»λǰ
Ȼѧʿȴһ֮б˰ɱһ弸űʣµѧʿĶŮ
ѧʿĲǷﻳǣˣ޵ǻ֮󼸷׷鶼ûѶʦǷޱ뼫硣
˵Ҫʺ󡣡
Ǹ֪Ůͨ죬Ȼ޹ܾãȻȴޱȼᶨҪȨһҪ˭ɱҸףҲ׵ˡ
סá
ҲÿԶѦʵ룬ѦʶֻһʱͿǸԶҪȢӵģһվ;Ѧ˾ͺ
һţһװѦԼҪϢ
ѦʵʱɫɷǺÿ
ǿдʹЦҪǿļС㣬ǰ˵ް࿴࿴
ѦһԲˤŶȥ
ļգѦʱŲҲϣµۼλδȹ̣ѦһղϳʹȺԹԣѦʵڷްǰһ̫Ҳ̲סһ䡰ѦҲ̫Ϳˡ
޽һѹ£ҲùѦֵЩСƢ͢££ͻʵ£ص۶ѳɽƵĽûæͷöϾ˼£ҲһдӼڻյĿ϶Ҳۡ
ֻϵķޣòЩ
ϣѦʣΪѦʲģȴû뵽Ѧʲˣƣ˵һѺشʣֻĺͬ棬Ҫɱһ㡣
鵱ҹڻʺ޹Լ޵˲پƣ˹˷Ѿ˯¡
ʾʱģ⴫˴һֹѦ߿Ŵ˽˲侪ѣ㿴Ѧ˫Ŀͨ죬ͨ˹
ѦʷƵģӽڴϣϵļ˺ҪӣȴѦӲ˻ݺݵĶ˽ȥ
۵۷ڣѦʵĶͬ㣬Ǳ˺һ㣬Ҫһ˲Ϊˡ
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⽹¡
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ޱѦʾ޴ǯƵöãʹֻɶԷʩΪѦȻˣҿУﲻסĺšޡ
ԼȵˮϣΪԼˮһ̧ۣȴѦڿޡ
Ѧʲͷͷڷ޵ľ࣬һҧס˷޲ϵ⡣ŵһҶΨѦһ̻ҧԼĺѦʻдһǣֻĥĥ첻Ϊʲôǿҡ
ΪʲôǿҡѦʳ˻
ΪΪô࣬ΪʲôۿҡѦţĹ֮֮ȥ
ƴҡҡͷ
ôϲ㣬ôͲϲһûң޽졣Ѧʲţ˷޵ۣȴ˵ĶȻ෴ľӣ֪͸ðڸֻõˡ
˲׹ߡ
ֻоһĴӽŵӵͷ˶ýʵʵݷĴŲƴȫҪӡ
Ѧ÷ӿڻѦʵӦůģǷֻе䣬Ѧķ֪Ͳ㵱ʵۣ㵱˻ʵۣҾûüֵˣȻҲ벻ۡ
ԭѦһֱġ
޳˳ǣײ֧飬޾ıСˣֻᡢֻŪ˸Ѧɾ֪ô
ѦʵĶ׺ݣ޼ҪιȥУ֪˶ãѦͣ˶˯ˡ
һŰȥǣŻ˿һۣʰԼȷԼرǱˣ˰Ѧ˳ȥ˲ҹ鴫ȥ
ѦʹȻԼƺʲô󻹸˵Լڹڵذһҹû˹ܡ
ľƣگ飬Ѧű߹أһִһܣѦʣ޲ҹ֮£޲ϲˡ
Ѧʡʲôʱ֪ġ
ѦƿЦöʲôʱ֪Ϊһֱ˵
̧ͷĶ
òһʼ֪ɡ
ŭˣӻͳѦݺݵˤѦϡ
ѦһֱΪԼޱ롣
粵ȴҲ粵Ѧôˣ֪ѦϲԼô֪Ѧ񾡹ô
ǵġ
ȷʵٿѦˣҲ뿴
ѦˣϣϻմȾѦʷסʱƵѪ޴ۣĬŽջġ
ǼʹǰѦŵ߹أԲ֣ͱ߹صһЩ峣һһȺѦʱˣжͲģ˻һ𣬱㿪ʼġ
޽һѹ£ԾɶѦʲŲʣѦھлˮؿʼձȨ
ıڲ鵽ɱѧʿ˾ֻѧʿıұڡ
ٺѦץͻ찢ʷգʷǰƻԼɱ˷ݽսΪñֲɱ˵ʷĳˡ
Ѧץ˰ʷգۣһ·ǨرҪɵ֡
ʷձѺϾʷ¶һǣɫĪ˵ôһ仰
û뵽ϼҴȴϣŶԣǺϰ߽Ľϡʷ򴽣ҼǵɱǸʱģû뵽ȻûǸ֡
ʷӷѿɫһЦСʵۣⶫ˭͸ҶЩȲǸܻܵˡ
޻δ˵һԵĴȴżˣǺ⡱
ʷĪǱ£¡
ɫһ䣬ŷ޵£Ѧ֮ѵѦǡ
ʷջȻ򣬡ǸѦʵץҵǸѹֱ;֡ºõԼɱԼˣ
ֱ޳ηʷյĴЦȻޱȣеĴȴѾը˹Ѧͻʿɺʱ֮һϢֵܿꡣ
ʷձͻȺףѦ֪ԼǺ롣
커סѦˡ
޺Ȼ뵽ҹѦ˵Ļ
֪͸ðڸֻõˡ
ѦرѦ֪ЩһֱڰźɱԼˣѦʸ
޺ȻЩԥѦʵõȨƣôѦʣ᲻űƿʳǽԼӵλ
˼˾ȽѦٻؾѺݺ顣
ξ·߹һ޻ۣһʱֲʵá
ǰУˡ
谵ķƯŵɫ欶ֹ죬׷ȼյĩˣˡѦƿȿֺƮ⣬ѦʻعͷޱĿŷޡ
̧֣ϵ죬ɨһѦʣ


58 

ֱɢ, Ѧʲſڣˡ
ƫͷһĿ, һƬš
һѦʼ, ģػλ, ޱҳޱ
ԭǼٵġ૵
оΡѦʵ˱ѵζ
оܲá
޳Ĭһ˲ֱ۳Ŵ, , ˫ֱţ̶˴ͷܳ, ܹɵ
ްβ˵ʲôë
ġ, ֻܿдеľ޵Σ޹ôط, һ, ʲôо˵ве˱˻ԡ
Ѧʴбб, ͦ, һֱ
˲˼޴ϵû뵽, Ϊ˱ɱ֮, Ȼ˴µĸϷ, 㲻ܰɣ޲ɱޣȴֻܷСźޣ̳̰֮
޿ŵĸ̾һ΢΢Ц۽üҶżڽ˵֮֮УѦ䣬òڻϲҰɡ
Ѧʺһ٣һ̿ŷ޵񼸺Ҫɱˣܿ죬Ѧʱƽʵˡ
ȻǸı飬ĵ߹ˣܲô
Ѧ㲻żŭңָ䲻Ǹ㳳ܵģ㣬㵱ΪҪҳΪҪɱҡ
գգۣŤͷľˡ
ŷޱ㱻һɴתͷѦŷ޵°ͣǿȷ޿Լҡ
üͷȥץѦʵҪѦʵȻѦʵˣҪ飬˺һᣬѦʲŷſ˷ޡ
ֱ̧ۣô޲˵ĻҪô족
ѦʵµûҵıҪֻ֪𰸣ҪǲԸ˵Ҳа취ֻ֪ҪЩࡣ
ЦˡѦɫ΢ΪԲԸ˵ȴϷ޽ŵ˵ľսģˣҲ޷
Ѧʺ⣬Ϊ޻ǿףȴû뵽Էô׾ʹӦˣЩõԤС
ޡܼ򵥣޽ű߹أΪûˣ񾡹²Ǻܳô˵Ϊɱ㡱
Ѧһֻ޵λȨأмɵ⡱
һ˲ͣѦһ˲ʶܡ
ûʲôܵġģָ΢ָ̧Ѧʵؿڣôģֻ֤ʵˡ
ܸоԷҵҪһ㣬ѦľȻĿЩ㵡
Ѧɤӵƭҡ
ûС޵Ȼȣûʲôܷвǣƭ㣬ӡ֤Ĳ²⣬Ϊʲôʲô
ǲǻţ޸㣬ûС޵壬ɲ¼ɣ޾ֱ޳֮ˡ
Ѧã÷ʱΪԷһ˲Լþ֮ѦƵ㲻ؼŭңôżĨԼҾãʲôͲҷһŭ֮ɱ㡱
˵֮Ѧʱ㷴Ӧ˹ԣɱ㡱
޲ÿɷ㿴˵ʵҲţ˵ʲôź򣬲д޸ݡ
ѦʵЩҧгݣӣᡣ
΢΢üһֱѦʵڳģ΢΢ָⴥϷ޵գḧԭ㲻ôᣬ֪Ȳ׷ˡ
ЦЦϧѾˡ
Ѧ΢΢üǲ⣬˰ɡ
ǸѦǻķޣָһ̣Ѿˡ
ҡ
ΪһжǼٵġ
Ѧʶĺãᣬľ֮ȫǼٵġѦʶδйģҲδйҳϣѦʶֻǻ⡣
ҹѦˣҹȺķֽεú졣
޽һڴϣûб죬ֻܽӲԵ䡣
ۣǺ貣һ㶣ʮֲǳǳ˯ȥ
һΣ˴ӣѦһĸһѦѪȻЦŸѦʲѦһεıĿ
ȻˣС̽ͷ̽ԵʢЩСǷˣͯЦɢȥ˷ܵĳѦ˹ȥĨۡ
ҹǺ貣ǾԺѦ⽳ԵģѦʾڶ棬ЦĿ
һתѦʳת䣬ѦʱλãűһѦһͷ嵹ѦѪҵĿ
ϧǼٵġ
ޱѦʱڻ롣
Ȼһ̣ѦʱסĲ
ɫƽۡ


59 

ֱͦš
ٷʶͦ˱, Ѧ, 
Ѧʵɫϲŭ, ˵ʱҪңҪе, ѵ˳Ҫɫɡ
ٷΪѦˣʱЩսսǵѦʷ˵Ļæֱͦ˱ʡ, ǰ϶װĺúõġ
ѦʵȰˡ
ٷæĵͷõѦ硣˵ţٷ޻һȦ޵޹޴󣬸ûʣũңȻһסڰֵ, ֵȻҲװ껪, ʱʱ˶, ˶ûۿһֱѦʲڵؽʶ֣⻹һô
Ҫʵ
ٷζ, ֺ»ήٵԼϡ
Ѧʵȴ, , úѧҸոսĶ
ٷæĵͷ
Ѧʡϵͷ˵
ٷޡ֪ˡ
Ѧ߳ţٷԥĺסѦ硱
Ѧ΢΢üٷæллл
һ˲ѦʵıЩ죬֮ûڰ㡣
ٷ޵֪ҵ
仰Щ죬ƺһҲ˵
ʱ򣬴ɫѾƣһ죬нʹȻѦһֱû
´ϵ죬һԵˮյġ
ޡ
ã޻Ҳ˵ɻ˴ϣŲ׶
ȵ죬Ѧƿţ㿴ֱͦͦڴϣѦʵʱһű̵תͷ޻Ϊޡ
Ѧʰ볯һţ⽻ð
ֻһڱ֪ѦԼģޡһЩѦϡ
ѳԡ޵
ѦҲɴֱ࣬Ӱ˳ȥǾͱˡ
ɻشϱѦʣѦˤŶȥ
ڶգѦûﺮ䣬ֶֻ·ֻصǰꡣ
ȵ峿ѦʽţľǷڴһǳ˯Ļ棬Щ
޵ֱЩ£Ѧʽɨһۣûӡ
Ѧûôĵ°Ҩһֱܵü
Ѧʵġ
Űˡ
ɢ޺͸оȫɵЩŭʲô
Ѧʽ⿪ϵ޴ᱧ̫ڣҩҲġ
ͷãЩ䣬̲ס˸£ҧгݵǹ޳ܵġ
Ǹѧġ
Ȳ
Ѧø޶ν죬һ¥¥ܸߣѦ˺ܾãߵ¥˴
㿴Ѧʰѷ޷ڰúõϡ
޻ΪҪȥء
¿
ɨһۣĬˡ
Щˣĵǻ䡣
վһڴ󳼣ٷ޴ŹᣬǼƥվ̨ϣͦأȺ˵ʲô
Ѧʴս˷ޣֵĻɡ
ޱıۡ
ôۿ㲻Ļλôǻ㵱ʵۣȥˡѦʳ
޲˵Ѧ۾ֽĿڷ޵ļϣ۵̲סüûۡ
һᣬֻеߴȵϢѦĶϣͬ˼ĶĥԼڹһĽҵ˵ܲɱ˷ӡ
ۣ۾գҲգ¥
ȺĤݣɽ꣬ٷƥڻλϣò˵ˣѦȷʵںúý
޻ĬĿ˵ѦʲŰѷޱӣ¸
޳ĬĿѦóһ˿óһСϻӣϳˣװϻӡ
Ѧʽ˿չŵ˷޵ǰɨһۣѦʵıʼдŷѦΪ󽫾
ҺûнѦʷⲢگѦʡ
Ѧʵ£Ͳˡ
ޡ
ƣԼô
ѦЦģگ飬ҡ
ޡСʵ۸ȥ
ѦʡڳֻǱ¡
ЦһǷҸǲˡѦףûٿùگ飬óžһǣگĻϡ
㻹ʲôһ˵ꡱ޵ЩȻǻܵŭ̲סˣҪ޸¹ʵۣҺ³޼£ꡱ
蹻ô΢̧Ѧʣã밧ˣǷʲô
Ѧʷʵ㲻Ƿҡ
㣬һ㶼ˣŶԣһǷһǲǡһˡ
ͬһ˲䣬͵ĳԱһˣͷǽһײ
ˡһ޽ӴĲǱӲǽڣһů壬ƺ˭֡
ֻеͷһʹ̧ͷͷһƬϣѦ־ŭĵԼѦϵֱ


60 

Ѧŭ⣬û, ˫ĿҪ, ҧгݵǳҡ
ɨһ, һ
ѦʳӰѷϹˡȴһ̷ƵЦ, Գ´һۣ޾˵أÿôľҸʲôʵ᲻ɡ
ѦһֿӵĿ⿴
ޡ㻹ϲޣô, Ҫ㻹ϲޣһޣһ᲻á
Ѧһ˲ı飬޾֪ԼѦʵ£޸еޱȿ⣬ЦѦĿϲһ
ǲǼûš
޿Ц, ̧ӲŲڵ, , ޸жˡ
ÿŷѦʣƫģרҶ, ĵ¡
Ƭ̺
Ѧŭĳ, ŭˤš
Ѧʡ顱һˤˡ
, ְѦˡ
һӺ
Ѧʻˣҩ޶ʱ˵ˡ
Ѧʶָ޵ĶͷҩȻ÷ڷתȦŭĵŷޡ
ޱװ˯ˣѦʾԣһ𲻶ĵƵģһֱڡ
̫£¹࣬Ѧˡ
̾˿Ŵɫһֱ¹ⰵ̫
ʼ˯ţҲ磬һ춼ţֺһ춼˯Ѧûټÿη죬عͷȥ㿴ڵķˡ
ѦûڷϿŷĲζȻɷ޾ǳԲ¡
ǱҲæĽͷöʵ۵ǻ没ȫεѦʴʵֻڳ߸˵仰ĶѦ졣
Դ˾ûи˵һ仰˺Ժϳʱֻܿ޲ڻλϣ󲿷ֶǳѦ
˳Ҫ̽ޣҲһֱ˸֪ˡ
ʵ۵ƺЩأɫ԰ײ˵Ҳɳ˺ܶ࣬Ӧǵǻ֮ǰ̫æ۳ˡǵ֮࣬λµֶ˼־ء
ҪϳڻλһﲻԳ˵˺ܺõİá
պ󣬵ѧʿǣҪԼһ档
ٷʱˣһǿǼٵ˲вܼ˵Ҳ̫أܼˡ
Ѧʵһʦǹ٣в֮
ٷ޼鷿תѦĿһۣٷʱͣ˽ŲѦʲŵҪǵãǻʵۣǷޣηηӶǻʵۣǸҰ
Ҳǡ
ǡѦնǻʵۣģҡ
ٷһů˵ͷ
գѧʿ鷿
ٷ˴裬ѧʿƵ£üĿģµǸѦӰġ
ٷЦЦһԵѦʵȳȥ޸˵Ự
Ѧ˳ȥš
ѧʿʹ󰾲ˣϳҲվסôã˵£ԼȥϳͲ 
ٷޡ˵ĶĻڳϣѧܰĺܶ࣬ǰͷŸλ
ѧʿʹ󣬶Щġ
ǼٷҲǿ󣬷ЦȻȥѾѧҲǿ󡣡
ѧʿףҪ˵ʲôٷȴȻ춯صĿʱȾһ˿Ѫѧʿһæˡ
ǺѦʽˣæһٷޱ
ѧʿʱ˷ʲôǵµĲء
Ѧʵǰͳɼ˲
ٷЦû£ģʱͺˡ
ѧʿ˾ͺúϢϵĵأıӹǰˡǰҪ˵Ļȫ˵Ψִ˼ٷϢѧʿһҪˣüٷ޸ϽϢ
ٷЦӦǣڵѧʿʱֵǰ̹ңΪ֮ΪᡣΪȻ
ѧʿ˵ǷӹȥıôҲðϧԼ塱
ٷЦ˵˵ǡ
ѧʿɸֵ̾һ䡰ôǸǰһ󡣡
ѧʿߺ󣬼ٷ˿ˡ
ѦʵֵĲ
ٷȻЩġѦ⣬ҹǻҪǲѪͷ׼Ҫˡ
ѦĲɵӦһٷʵѦʲô
ŷżٷޱǰӵİοģѦʺȻ뵽㱻ڷķѾüûнǼˡ
Ѧ磬ʵֵģҽС
Ѧ̧֣ٷֹסߵĻѦʵˡ
Ѧ硱ٷޡһȻѦѾˣٷ޷߷ߵĴӡ
鷿ﻷһȦ˱鿴Ȼûб㿪ʼ겻ͲϲЩѦʽ֣ģ˵ıʼΪѦװһѧӣʵϷǳЩ秵öҲϵֻЩ򵥵ʫѡ
ٷޱ㿪ʼ鷿תȻ鷿Ҳ鼮ֻīֽ֮ģûʲô˼
һɫڳٷ޹ϳһ٣ȡ˳չ
ϵþϵ֣ǷѦΪگ飬ӡ֮ǰдļٷӶ߬˾ᡣ
һᣬٷ˵𣬽گһ˷ڻϣĬĿگһճɻҽ
ѦƿţȻڴϵĽҲ֪˯ŻšѦǰѷްȴͨ죬Ѧͷһ̡̹̽Ѿιȥˡ
˼յ磬ټ˼ǹȣ˭Ҳò
Ѧʲ֪޲˼죬ʱЩţιҩǲȷʱɫѾ谵ˡ
ۣ㿴Լϸһ̺ӣſڣɤЩƣһ׼ڣѦʾͰҩյߣҩ
̵ģѦʱֱӰǽϣҩȥˣһ룬ޱԣɤӾʹֽ
ѦóһųһţЩɻĿѦʣʱɤˣǿڵ޻Ϊ㶳
Ѧʰһŷ޾㵵ĵɴ۵ӣ㻹ǲ˵ĺá
ҪȡѦʳ磬ѷ޵ֻ־ֿǽϣһᣬ̲סĺѾסǽ޿ˣֻܷ߷ߵĵѦʡ
һᣬѦʵֳһ޵ֻһڲ˵
ޡ
Ѧʰѷ˯ˡ
ޡ
Ѧʰҩ룬Żϣְʰһ飬޵۶Ѧʰ꣬ϣʲôʱԸҴ𰸣͵ͷٷſ㡣
޵˵ͷ
Ѧʳ˳ǣȴǰΪһĵš
ޡ
ԴԺѦʷ·˴Ȥһ㣬ڵʱ򣬾Ͱѷһϣûıӣǿġ
һգޱι극ѦϷʱ򣬷޵Ҫһֱôȥ
Ѧʶ˶٣޼Ϸ̵˵ҶѾ˵ˣû˼ģҪɱҪϤ㣬ô¡
ֻѦЦһûģڵҡ
˵Ķʵֻ㲻Űˣһ˵ʲôҪһֱ˵һֱšε
ǲһ¡Ѧʵһ꣬ʲô
޵Ȼǵá
һʱڽֱַͻȻϢ˵ͻΥԼսˡ
ʷƴ׵ĹҪɱԼΥԼǱȻս
Ȼ˶֪ʷյĶͻʲոͻʣʵ㽫˿۵Ĵ
ʷԷݽΪʣս͢ڷﻳǵ±ɢңһŵøƵġʾУ˫꣬շӲͻ˵ĵ£ݽ򱻰ʷɱ
ǰʱ򣬷޻·ϣƵԳ͢Ϸ㡣
һӦøıһеκ
һʱ䣬Ӧ꣬һʷշڶѾ
˻ʲô
Ѧʵﻹһʱ˵ѪҲ㲻úˣǵǿԲ͵ġ
ЦڳѦʰѿأͻϮѦʲԸǴ谭Ǻֱ롣
ЩţΪңҪЦ
ûΪϹᡣѦʵǰҸɽƽ£Ϊ˻ֻΪ˻㡣
뻤ˣȻҲûΪ
֪
Ѧʵ
ѦʵֻʲôΧתȴֻѦΪ󣬾ΪᣬѦһΪȵǸ
޶˶٣ŵⲻһڰѳֳ㲻ѹ
ѦЦЦĿһۡ
һƬңЩŵʣġ
ٵġ
˿
ǰôӡѦʵһᷢ
ݽá޼ѵ
Ҫ̫ˡ
ǰûüһҲѦʵŰ󣬡֪ΣΪ㣬
ѦʵҲ֪ǿѣǣҵı£˵̬ȡ
һƬĬ޳ĬһᣬڴͷʲôҶӦ㣬ֻҪܾ㴦á
ѦʣȴֻѦЩε̫Ѩ£ѵڲҴ֪Ҫʲô
ҪĴҶˡ
Ѧ̧űߡ
û߳Ѧʱˡһعͷ㿴ƥı˫ϥأͷ
ƥı¶¹ͳЩ㡣
ѦʺȻɤЩƣǻһۣͣܣĬ˺ܾãѦʲŻһ򣬲ûôֵǮ
΢΢ۣ͵͵ģ͵͵ģôҾñҵֵǮ
ѦʳĬ
˫ôţһʱ䣬ҶǰſƮҶӣðɣȷʵƭ㣬Ҹ࣬Ҿݽ
á


61 

Ҷǰ
޵⣬ֻشһ, ڶȻݽٸ㡣
ѦվſڱŹ, Ӱ, Է޵ĽǶȿȥܺĿѦʵı, Ѧڲּۻ۵ʱ򡣡
ҵĵߡ޵㲻ͬ⣬Ҳ޻˵֪ᡣ
вޣȴû뵽ԷвˣѦЦ, У˵
Ѧ⣬һʷ޵ΪνűڶʷΪҪɱ
޶ڴϣϥϣûпվſڵѦʣһֱƮҶޱϲ, ЩƮ
ƺ֯, ޳Ĭ, ſڣ޺͵գȶ˾ƴ, ޵޹
˵, ޱס, ·Ļǳݣô˵ڡ
ѦѾסˡ˷޵޹Ϊûһӡ
죬ԭǷ޽ʽ˫֣Ѧķַ޵ڲƵķ޺ͷ£ѵˣȻްޡ
Ҳ˵ȥˡ
ȫķѦͬɵˣȥס˷޵ļ磬ŶԷۣɬʲôѦʵȻһֲֿԤС
һ̣͵ػӿŭҡ
Ѧ޴վԭأãȻĿŷޡ
һǿƽһޣһ߶˵ֻ˵޲ð޹
ѦѾ״ססһ㣬޿һۣϲ㣬ˡ
ѦôҲû뵽ԼǰȻԷ޿ûһӡЩţҼǵãǺˣ԰˯һ
޵˰㶪ȥģֻ˯һ·Ĺ˻᲻ôµù˲Ҫ㡣
ѦãȻĵͷĻңɤµĻţЩʲô
ôҡѦʵ
Ŀһۣޱ˵ģһ֮һѹ°ٰ裬飬ô˵
Ѧʵĺͷһ˲Žű
ɱʮͷôˡ޼ѵĺһҲʱ֪޾Ȼ뷨ǰ֪֮¡
˵仰ʱ򣬷޲ûпѦʵۣ·ʲôȻѦֻΪǲԸ⿴θ
ǰһֱӶԴȴû뵽λӣ죬ڷ޺ͱ˵»֮ҹѶ֮ȫ޸ķǿ
޵ʱʲô
ѦʺȻ뵽ǰ˵Լϲˡǿȷ֮
ʱ˵ʲô˵ʲôʱ֪ϲģǲ֪ˡĸ顣
޵ʱʲô
ǰ죬޵Į˵޽Ϊ񾡹أﲻôôʱʲô
Щʲô
û뵽㾹Ȼһֱô޵ģҪ㣬޾͵ǲϻλһֱϣޱҪôڴſȸôѦʡ絶ֱֱĿѦʣ޵ʱپģȴû뵽ˡ
ѦһΣЩվȡһֱΪǰԷޣӦΨΨŵŵ޹ƭһȴû뵽Է£޵ʱȴʲôûнֻͣǽű
ΪɱΪôѦʼɬ
ȥˣ÷µˣֻ˵ǡѦʻҪʣ޵Ĵ𰸣ֻ㣬˵˵ġ
ΪڸˣͲԸˡĵ
ѦãȻĵͷкܶ໰Է˵ȴ˵Է޵Ǹȴ÷޲ҪǸ⡣
ҽûб㣬ǴһӶ˵ô
ס
ʹԩҲԸ˵Ѧʲš
̧ۿΪҾڵӺѿѦʺͷһ
ޡе˵е˵ԩ˾ԩˣҲΪ˿ڹŸЩ˵ʵǷΣ޹ء
ѦʱһЦ׷޸¹ʱ˵һûôֵǮȴأҾñҵֵǮʲô˼ˡ
Է˵ϱҪԩҲһ֡
ѦʳĬǰ⿪ϵ̧ʾ⣬Ѧҡҡͷޱա
ѦʡͻȻҸ㲻һ
һ̷޵ı棬ûмЦҲĮֻڵȻĳһʵ
ʱң֪ˣΪŮ鳤ûз֣£ΪҴתġ޵Ҹ㲻һҵñ𣬱˳ֵôȥһûʵۣôȹɽûôĿȥЩ¡
Ѧʳϣ˵ˡ
ԣǰ֪ʵҵʱǾ÷ŭǺ¡޶ѦʣбҸҪĸ飬ʱҲΪʲôôãĸҪġ
ѦҲ̲סޱڻã㲻ûӦңֻҪ֪ϲͺáӲ֪޵ʱһԭǰ޲ûùԼӹš
ɱ֮Ҳʣֻһ䣬Ƿ顱ѦĿŷޣ޵˵ͷ
ѦЦˣãǵҽĹȳ͸ңòá
ס
ѦֺǺǵЦ˼ڷ޵ϣĵֻ⿪˷޵һдδ֤ʵǰܷŷߡ
ӽӲĴ̵ޱȣ飬ĵʱ򿴣ܼķΧֺ÷ޡ
޿æһУȻʲôƵģʵдһگ飬㵱ģϧûüͱˡ
ѦʴססɱǸ󽫾ٴˡ
һ˲䣬ѦƿЦּϲ޵鷿Ĺ
˶٣ûͷûβ˵һ䣬ԲסֻԼ֪仰ʲô˼
Ѧʡ
Ƭ̣ѦʼҴҵĳţӦگȥˡ
һɵڴϡһٲĻѦʺΣĸԸĵΪ£ͻˣϣԲסѦʡ
ȵѦʾȷݽѦʵڶ𰸡
Ѧ֪Լ֪˵Ļж౰ӣ֪Ѧʵ֮ģƭѦʽ׼Լ
ûа취ʱ˵ѦʵΪһѳֳѦʻͲֿͻˣô˵Ц
ȵ˵ڶ𰸵ʱѦʣĲݡ


62 

ľѿݻƣҶ׷, Ѧʼ, , ;ɨĹ˷׷׵ͷ
Ѧƿ鷿ţٷ˯Ĵӷ̧ͷ, Ѧ硱
Ѧǰ淭ٷ޿ѦһһӵķʱЩľսѦʲô
ֱ鷿еĹӶ, ѦҲûҵνگ飬һᣬߵٷ࣬˰µĳ롣
Ȼûگ顣
Ѧʶų룬ʡûпһᣬɫġ
ٷ޹, Цû, ʲôᡱ
ôûѦü, ӦòƭѦָʶڳԵûţ̧ͷżٷޣɵʡûС
ٷЩԻû, ʲôѦҪ
ҲǺҪѦһ, 
޸˵ô, گ±˵ֻһ΢С¡Է޸ûҪƭΪ֪϶ȥң˵ǼٻٻҲ̫׽Ҵˡ
Ѧ׼ϳ룬ȻĿһӳ仺ĳһ׹ŽӵĽѦŽߣٷ޵ǰĿ
ٷޱѦʵĿ⿴ЩѦѦ硢ʲôگĽߣʱŭֻţֻگ飬ȴսˡ
Ѧʵ纮گˡ
ٷ޻æҡͷûС
ѦվӸµĿżٷޣӻڼٷǰϣگġ
Ҳ֪ѦġѦ񣬼ٷŵýˣʶȥˡ
ٷ˹ڵأֱסѦʵȣѦʿͷҴѦ磬ҡ
ٷ޿޵ΪʲôҪĶ;Ͱ֪Ѧ磬Ұɡ
Ѧһְٷŵûֹ̱ˣҡ
û桱
ٷ޷ҡͷѦüͷһ壬ٷ޻æ˶ԲѦ綼ҵĴ֪ˡ
ѦһŰ߿ĶҪ´Ρ
ٷæĵͷϺ˱ᣬѦʺȻǰۡ
սбѦʿӱȥ˰ʯŲ̯ţѦ⽣ʳһװֿӱ޵ĸ˻ȥѦʽʳڷǰʱð֭һδ
ѦʵŲҵ⽣㲻ô
峺ƯŰƤԲ⽣滹˴̵Ĵлգգۣȴ꣬ȥگˡ
Ѧס
ôʵ
Ѧʶһ˲ҵˡ
޵ͷÿһûһĴ⽣ʵڲˡ
ļ޵
ѦüЦľҪţãȥȳԵ⽵ӡ
ףѦʳţŷ¿ӣʳиˡֻǰ⽰ˣһϲѦļ
Ѧ꣬ֻҪһѦְļɢĺ⡣
ŷĹ˾ֵĿѦ󽫾׼ë°͵һء
Ѧ߹հ˹ջصܹѺ޵ĵطǹƫƧĵط޹֮Χأܵĵˮ©
Ѧע£޺ȴԾЩ䡣
ǽʱͬա
ѦϴһѣԽԽˣð̼
ްѿһţִԱ߳˱ôȥ
ѦʵҾ⿴㡣˵Űѷˣ춼ˣ̫顣
ĪĿѦһۣʲôȥ˯ˡ
˵˵¡ѦЦôˡ
ЦЦ㡱
ҪǸҲɡ
ǹɡ

޳˳ǣҪҸˣͰӸҽ⿪
ѦѾ϶˵֮飬ɵѵڶ𰸸ңҾ͸⿪
޳˳ǣ˵ˣ˵ȰѴ𰸸㣬ܸҽ⿪˹ˡ
ԴԺѦʱʱڷ޴ܾã޾ڿ飬˯ûжѦҲûвڣ޿飬һооսͼ˯㴵ڵϴ̣ޱ˾룬ֽŹأŷ޾ȵĺߡ
պĶ֮Ѧͻ˵սԡ
ھ͵Űʷսˣֻܵȵʷսٶ֣ΪȿսΥԼǾĻģռơ
Ѧʼñ͵Űʷսһֲ̣̳
⺮Ȼů紺ʷǰպȻȾ˷纮һ𣬷ݽĲˣڰʷյĲǰǲת
Ա߹߶߶ȥϢһ⼸һֱԲ˯ã岻õ
ݽҡҡͷ
ӱƿ˽ǰʷߵŮ
Ůɺȥһˡ


63 Ҳ

, ݽߵſڣԼ治֪˭˵һ, ǳʤ׷ĺʱ򣬿ϧʮԼ, óȻԼֻ²á
ʹ, һֽ, ʲô
ǲԭжԳؼ, Щձɵĺ˿ɲһ
ݽһ, ſڵƿӣݽЩ˽ȥ
̼¯յͨ죬ʷλ, ﻹһ欵輧, ʮͻʽ죬ƺȵű¶輧ŤˮƵ, 裬ڽʿǵĻȰ, һֵľ
ݽһ, нĿ㶼Ķ˷ݽ, ˲Цݽʶü
ʷո輧˸죬Ҳûݽ, , Щǻû, 뿴Ǻεˣɷһ衱
ݽɨһˣʿ٬Ŀ˿ڣһǿۡһЦ
ݽŭܻܵزܵܵxxxxxxxxx
ΰһװĵܴܵȬʷջ벻
ݽǾĸˣҸûȥտɷˡ
ݽתҪţſһᣬڡݽعͷʷմллЦ
һƬţ˶ݽ˴ĶŰʷգ϶ɿ죬ó¶ĺɫȹ
ڼ޸ʷպܾ֮󣬲֪ʷպͰʷյĹϵ
ʷյΪ˶ÿɺ֮λɱ˳ʷ֮е֣ʷ֮ûɱʷգһΪԷвмͻĽǿ׳֮ˣԲмİʷͻͬˣΪʷǼƹˣֶ԰ʷհ԰ʷղŽʷ
Ȼ
ʷ˵ȲмСʱѧʱʷմӼ۵¡
ݽޱ飬̧˸Ưƣ΢ƣȹڷһ˻
˵ͻ˵ͬ˽Ϊš
һգڽΪ棬ƲϺ̬־ڰڵ赸Ȥݽһ񣬡ˣһȥˡ
žžƣʷչЦһ渧һƿ輧̨ӣû뵽˶ˣǺõܵܿɴû˵˵ž§ŷݽļ罫ϰλߣཫʿ塣
ݽ־£סȻʷձһأִνڻ
ԭλϵ輧ѾԾ뿪λãʷմŷݽصλϣŷݽϣ΢΢һʾϵľƺơ
ݽҪվֱʷոȥˣĵãƺһյ˰ʷǰ
ཫʿѾ§輧Ц˵˾䣬⺺˵Ů˾͸ˮƵģҲЩĶˣʱǴ´°
һЦǹҲУ˵˹ټҵС㣬ۡ
ݽһȻűʶԼûſʼǾ˵Լ˵ţݽȻ⡣
ʱʷհ޼ɵ½ݽһŵȻʷˣݽ˵һֻ־ܰסʱСıСĴˡ
ʷյ޼ɵ½ǴЦţݽŭ䳶˷׼˰ʷյţ𶯡
ڹĳĬһ˲ű˸ҵĴЦʷЩȵĿŷݽЦҪⶫɱҡ
ݽҷҪ޳ˣԽŷٹҾɱ㡱
нֱЦŰ
ʷЦס˷ݽ֣ݽеԼֹǼҪˣ۵ģݽֵĿŰʷգ֪ԷһΡ
Ȼʷȴֻǽ֣СĸèƵģɱҡ
ʷЦʵ֪ʲô˼𡱣ݽһ壬ʷձҲû˵ŵ⣬ս˼ңްܼǶǴ
ݽޡһʷ֣Ŀ˲ô˵ģˡ䣬ʷձŷݽ֣ڷݽֵ£ԼŴȥ
һСѩͻ˳սǴɱͻʿɺΥԼ
ةѦʾϣϣһַͻʡ
ѦǰתƵһܵĵ°氲õģ͵Ʊŷޣһūÿͷ
Ѧߺʮգӭһλ֮͡
ɨһŸһģһҲֻɨһֵۣͷ飬ٷͲסӣȿڣҵˣû뵽ѦȻûɱ㡣
޷һҳ飬㵲Źˡ
ٷŭ⣬һ飬ݺڵϣ˲ȣװʲôװװһӸ˭ء
úЦѦ겻Ҫٻ衣
ǷۿżٷתѦʸõҵϡﻩūķҲˡ
ūһֻΣٷްѷˣҲζŷҪӡ
ٷ޵ЩŭĺΪѦ綼ɱˡ
ûɱûɱʲôΪԻ
Ѧ磬еסЦЦȻƽȣϧûɱңżżʲô
Ȼ仰˵꣬ƺüٷ޸ŭˣôãƾʲôռѦ磬Ӧȥٷ޷ŭĽǽϹҵֻ˺ˣʥԨĻǧ󣬾ô˺Ƭ
Ŀżٷ޷裬Ѧʶ˵ʲôˡ
ٷޡֻ˵
Ѧѧ޵֣ѧ޵̬ıô࣬Ϊ˶޵Ļλ
ӣˡٷ޵۶㣬֪ж༵ô
޲Ǻܶᱻ˼ô
Ƿ޳Ͽεʣˤ˿˰ɡ
ٷ޷ŭĳ޺ͲѦϲ
ޡ
ٻϲѦ
Ҳ̲ȥٻˣѦ꣬òѦˣٻһֱͣ˭ܵ
⻰ֲ˵ĿϲôûСѦ˵ҵһ֮֮ȥЦ˸ֵƣ㿴Ҵûʲô㣬Ÿ˼ң˼ҿô
ҽȴҪ䱦ȴòԷһ㴹࣬˵
ٷҧгݵȻǸðɵһƳ޻ȥȴ˲ץס첲˻ȥ
ٷȻĵɴۣϻ΢İӡ޷֣ڻ죬һʱ䣬׵ηֻҡε
ѦʶҰƣʲô


64 ؼ

δڻķϵľ, ԭ乬Դ뿪֮, Ҳ˾ס׳ΪһĹ
Ϊٵĵ, Ѿʧ, ӲݴȻľ, м, ǰʱڽ, ѻķϣѦʱ㽫޲ڴڲصĵ
ٷŭĳ˵Σе̫վڴſֱ, ٷ޳, æǰϺá
̫ٷϺã߶߶Ӳ, ͱˣʱ
ٷĴϵô, ҪѦ״ô
̫æɾū, ū澶ԱĹ
, Ѧһߣλ¾һճƣд˼޹źĹ, ⼸ԭѦʰŶűµ, Ѧǰ, ºžͰΣ˶ǺĽɫ
ǹڸɨ̫࣬½źȫú󣬿飬̵̫ࡣ
Ϊ£̫в²±زѦʼ飬ѦҪȨƵֻЭ没ҪȻôѦǰųӭУºűѦʹ
Щ֪ȴֻ
Ѧʽ޹Ѻԭ޹ΧĹ˶˸飬ԭź޵̫ҲˣвѦʵ£𿴹ܼٷޡ
£ҲֻѦʵָӼٷޣû뵽ǼӵĻʵǸ͵ļٻĻʵѱܹ˹ĳĵ
̫Ŀһۼٷ޵ɫȴȻֶԷЩ΢죬Ǳ˭ţ̫˸˭Ҵʵ뵽·ŽĴ
ѵķϵﻹбʲô
̫ľսĸżٷޣС·ܹ˵޹ߣСѩڵϸ˱һ㣬Ųȥ״򻬣̫С£ϻҪôū澲
ٷŭҲ·ô
̫ŵýˡ
žһٷˤ˵ϡ
̫æǰҪޣϱСЩˤˡٷġ˻һƨ̫Ĳ²ΡΡӣһ˦̫ϣ·ôҡ
̫ǳ鴤Ĺͷū澸ū澸
ٷ޷߷ߵֶ̫һţ·Ҫѷڷﶪĳȫһһ㡣ȻԼˤƨɣһȥЩԼˤ˸ͷ
ݻƵĹľԺ󣬺㵵ĿһĻ
ǷֵͰΪ˳ƫƧС·ȴ⿴˷ޣǰʱͿһ˦̫
Բڴ˵ķ޾ȵվ⴦ľС·һƵķƵĶ̫ȭӣ̬ٳ
ţĵһԼڲ˹ľС
ᲡԸô
ƾɵηڴѪζҽڶűӵһ˵ĺЦֵ˵˾ʲôŴľǸ˺ѷεĲҽ
ݽһɪǽŶ䣬ȥηʱѣɫİȹѾĲˣͷҲΪþδϴճһ
û̿𣬰ȹԵ䣬ֻܾԼһţ䣬紵
֪˶ãηѶƺͣˣݽ˿֣ۡںȻЩɻԴ֮Ĳҽб޴ʹδͣԼҲ֪˶ã˰ʷ޴֪
һӹӲԶݽˣǰʷЩۣ쳤˲ηơݽڼۣʷεӰһཥߡ
еģаʷա
ݽſڣţʷձĿһۣ˲佫ݽһǻ齽Ϩˡ
ʷմû񿴹
ݽǵãϴοʷֱʱںܾǰײ˰ʷѶˣʷտ·˵ʱֱ顣
ʷϱ鵭ɨһ۷ݽתͷ԰ʷյҪ򣬹ʲô
ʷüŮɱңôѵˡ
ȻزѣҲôúŪġʷסӿҲ޷
ʷն˶٣ʷձ˫ۣЦЦĿŰʷգĿӡ
ʷյô˵ǿɺԹŶ֡
ʷչЦİʷյļ磬ʲôŮ˰ˣѲҪΪ˸緭
žһʷհѰʷյִȥɫĶŰʷա
ʷյĿһ˲ΪɭͬǰעŰʷգʱҪʷ˺Ƭ
ݽ˲һͷ亹ŵȭóȻ¼ŭ˰ʷգ˺˰ʷա
ʷջȻ壬ŶԷô˵Ҳҵ㵱δ档
ʷһ˲û뵽ʷջشΪʷΪһ˸ȴû뵽ʷڵʷõЦ˿ǸŮˣҪʲôûУܵôЩһƽϣҰѰɯ͸㡣
ʷЦø輧ҵȽϣɺδ̫˼ˡ
ʷεô족
ʷЦЦҵΪɺðĿɶ͸ҡ
һ˲ľĬݽȻһСʷڹ˵
ʷ΢΢üʷЦû⡣
ƴʶҾͰѿɶ㡣ʷյ
ʷЦ:ԵȫЭɺ
ݽץϵʯ鳯ʷȥҿ˵ʱЩţʷôõһˣΪڵİ
ʷձһѪˡ
ʷסշʯ飬ȥϾĿŰʷյķӦʷ΢΢ü
ͷˡʷݽ̽ˡ
ϾУûҪʷƶΣȥȥɿɺζ̫ˣ̺ӡ
ʷǵĿʷյ:һˣʲôвˡ
ʷպһûз˵
ݽˮ˵ӰԽԽԶ
Ȼʷճðʷղ΢΢ͷϤᣬɿĳգգۡ
ݽ:
ݽãգգۣЩ£ʷշŶգۣʲô˼
պҹʷվ͸𰸡
ڰʷմűӭսʱʷմ£Ӻͻݽˡ
һ·ããѩԭܿ߾ĳǽʱʷսݽʣµ·Լ߹ȥҲٹȥˡ
ݽδӾ޴лعʷΪϵʺ£ؼҰɡ
ݽһߡ
֣ʷսɢ޷ضͷһǣһסˣԲؼȥɣ㲻ļô
롱
Ǿˣȥɡʷһ¡
ݽһ˽Ļ۵һ˳ؼңҲ뿪ܸܲһȥҾ˵˵ҵһģǲ˺ġ
ʷû˵
ݽ޵㣬ô˵ö
ʷաۡһЦ˳ݽͣĴſãʷһЦһı˳ݽߺ죬޵ĸˣ߷ߵĴʷյؿڣʷմ󻵵
ͻˣǲҵģҵûȥҲԼҪʷյ
ȥʷջɱġݽҭڻ㡣
ʷ΢΢ҡͷİɡģ´źɺֻΪǴ˾㡣
һǲģһ
ʷͷ˭ɱ˭һءݽȻװʷʲôˡ
ȥɣҿȥʷһѡ
ݽǰһͷʷЦüº͡
ݽȻ:ǻټ
ʷףҳ˿ɺ㡣
ʱܸܲң㾿ʲôʱҵģ𡱷ݽǰһͷ
ʷ΢΢ۣ̲꣬Ц:á
ΪʲôҪҺס
˵Ҽء
Һûʲôӡ
Ҷġ


65 ɱ

⺮絶, ʷպͲ¿ӱ, ѩԭϼٴС
ǰȻһХӺȻͣʷƿ, ѩӹϣͷ΢΢ۣǰ
ѩԭϣһͻʱӸĿʷϳ, Ϊ׵Ĭذʷյұۡ
˵ʱĬӦںͰʷնսǣΪλﰢʷ뵽˴һ
ĬҺÿɺһ֣һ, Ȼǡ
ʷɫ䡰˻⡱
Ĭذγ˹ġ
ʷմ𡰲ôѵˡ
Ĭ乴΢΢ƫƫͷ, ɺҵǣһ˹ˣүνͣҪүͷ, ȥ
Ĭŵһ̧, ̫˸ź, ңңָʷ
Ӹߴֱֱʷһɱȥ˫սȵѪڰѩϣʷճʱֻʮĸ£ܿ㱻Ĭصնɱ
ĬغŵֱֱʷգҪͷ
ͬһ˲䣬һ֧ƿңңָĬصദĬطӦĲֻһӺ˱һ˹ͷ˴ĩѦ֮ǰӪү
Ĭؾ㵴󺰡ȻẺˡ
ʷѾǰıʾ˵ˡ
ڣ޳ĬĿżٷ޽ˤϡãķ룬ҫﳤȥ
ȵٷߺ󣬷޶һᣬ̵ȥϵƬʱһ΢ĽŲͷ㵵
¡
޻عͷȴ㵵վǰţһ飬Ǳ
޾ȵôˡ
ȻǱǣǷǸǼٵġȻУǰշлɣռһ·ˣȴû뵽˵ǼٵģǾ˵Դ没ٻһֱðǺ˹ѺĪѦ
ס
Ѧ˲Ѧʴ˾ʲô𡱺ŭ⣬Ҫ⿪޵̾˿ⲻģҪܽ⿪ͽ⿪ˡ
ô족
Ҵһš޳һ˲ڰǰдţ͸ѧʿ취ҡ
дţ֣صķŵߵѧʿҪŴ£һְѧʿ
˵ͷ
ҹ
ٷշת࣬˯ȣʵûһһ죬ѦˣʵۻԼô
ʱٻ϶ĺܲҰ
ʱĸС룬ﻳǵץߣ˷޵˷ﻳǣ˸Ѧʣµ˻ʵ۵
һˣֻѦߵʮųɵζ˶Ҫؿͷ˵ɱɱ˾ηָоá
ٷڴϣͷɫӣ߽Ž׹貶Ŀ
ʵۿáٷ૵
һֱʵ۾ͺˡ
ʵۻʵ
»ᱻѦ˺Ƭɡ
һ
ʱʵˣѦܽȨģʣһˣһѦ͸ɱ
෴ʵûѦ֪ԼڼԴʵۣԼǳԲ˶
ٷ޷Ĵתתǧͷɱʵۡ
ʵʹҲСƣֲұȥɱʵֻۣԼҪôɱʵ
ٷһᣬʱ⡣
졣
ٷ޹ӴӴ޹
ڰڡǱ¡
͵͵Ǹʲôȥ
ˣûֱһֱôʥѲ⡣
ͺˡһλ˽ۡ
ڡ
ΧݲһƬٷ޶߶µóһСͰͣڴһã˳һֱη
ٷְЩݲݶסڣʱݲȼգ˳һֱսȥķҲʱʵ档
ٷóӣԱߺڰͻȻһЦţٷ޾ͱ˰ס˸첲
޴Ӱ˳źЦΪҪȵ죬û뵽ˣ¡
ѧʿŰżٷ޵ĸ첲£Ҫô족
޵ȰѰһ
ٷѲ˺ܿĳۣô벻޻ᱻ˾ȳ
Ϊʲôƫƫǽ족ٷ޾Ŀŷޣ૵Ҫһ족Ҫһ죬ʵ۱ɡ
µ㻹ɱޡ޵ʡ
ɱҾǻʵۡٷ˻
˼ٷһţµԲ֪ڸı£˴治ӦѦһٴ
ʲôٷŤͷŷ˻鱯ߣ䵽־طﻳǱ£Ϊ˲д֣ȥҵ˫֣װƣҪҵͷûѦҽΣڻǸˡ
ȥ·ʱһҪɱңûѦǣѦҺã֪һҲƲңҵֶм֪ͷﻳһģʲôΪ뵱𡱼ٷѪĺһٷ޿ЦҪǲɱ㣬һ죬һᱻɱʲô
ȻֿҲԱɱֵɡ´ﵱ
޶Ŀ˼ٷһᣬ̾˿ȹɡ
¡Щ㵡
ްڰ֡
ʱһӰ޹
ڡⲻֻˡ
ʵ۱Ѧе֮£޲δ֮ڣĿǰ֪Ҳͷޡ͵ѧʿ¶ѡ
޻ݣû̡ⱻѦʵצ֪ǳȻةᰵв룬ҲԹĿ
ĽݱһһĴżҲ̣˵Ѧʵˣӱ߹شŵǵöʮ֮ãҲ֪Ѧˡ
º󣬷յѦʴӱš
Ѧ˵:Ϻ¼ǵ£Ⱦ˷纮
ֱЦ˿ѦʣͦǸٻô


66 

İ, Ѧʵž, ǹı壬һЩл
ޡ
󣬷ӻͷݽлؾ, δݽ˺ܶ࣬Ҳ˺ܶ࣬ٲȻһޢ껪Ůģ
ݽģѦʸ޵
ݽһ˵ţһ̯ġ
ö, ϻƷ˽𲭣úߴš
޳ĬĽ߬ġ
һѦһȴҲȴзݽͻ
Ѧʲô
ǡ
ݽѦ˵, ĸļҴԸ¡
Ѧ֪ˡ
û뵽Ѧʻô֪Լ, Ѧε֪˭Ѧʵ
ɨǰŵһ̯żϣԭЩŲǸٷ޵ģǸġ
ӾǵҪʮգҲ˵, ԼȨ֮, ˸ѦʵϢ
޳˼Ƭ, 幬ڣϲѦʵ
ݽŷ粻ɫСĽޡ
ŷԼѾż߬һţæɿֽ֣˵ϡݽϸʣŷ޵ɫǰѻȥѦտ϶Ӯġ
ףһһսӦ˵ģʷշ߷ݽʷձͲܵܣڰʷջȥ·ɱ˰ʷա
밢ʷսսսܣƺ󣬷սûüͳǵķݽʷɱ
һѦʾ˰ʷգѦʱóо̣аʷӦϣԲܴȫʤ
ץ˰ʷգճ˿ɺ޻ͻ
ʧЦϷݽͷôӭսͻѾǿĩǰʷԸʹٺòһһֱȥڴͻ˵Ǻ¡
ݽˣأ㲻ٴţ˳鷿
鷿ڼžݽߺ󣬷ޱƱȫ㣬˼硣ڵϵż
޽żչѦʸдţǹҳ̵ķϻһŷݽһģǰҲûʲôġ
Ѧʲôʱ֪Լݵ֪֮ŸԼ֮ǰ
ʱ²⣬Ѧ֪ݵʱ䣬ҲѦдһ֮ǰȻѦʰݽзݽ
ֻ˵Ѧдһŵʱ֪ˡ
ѦʱĽͻĪɺ֮ӣʷͬĸֵܡ
Լ֪࣬ȴѦʲ˵ǵİʾѦʣԼп
ȻѦʣΪͻ˵ѦʶԼ˵
˵һᣬһΪѾ޷ϴ׵ľء
ƭ棬Ҳ档
ٿֹе֣м䶼͸ůȴȻЩ
֪Ѧôֹܲеʺ޼ֱѦʲôд⼸ŵġ

Լǰӳű˸Ѧͨ籨ţǾ˵вѦʵצҲǣѦʵʱõµ˾ѳѦʵ£ڹڵС
ôٷɵҵΣԼɵ˳Ѧûһô˵ѦǹΪ֮
ӽŵ¶˸ʵʵ
֮󣬷޼һ
˳鹬ڣѦǰ𱻹ļٷޣ㽫ţҲڡ
꣬߹شϢѦնͻʿɺʷյͷͻԪˣʷռ̿ɺ֮λ͡
Ѧʦسһ·Ųޱӽ̡
޺͵ѧʿһҹⶨüƲߣھѦʻؾĵ콫Ѧܻ
ŲѦʻԹԵĻؾץ⣬Ѧʿ϶Ŵɱ뾩ǣ⺺˻ʵ»λ
ѦôܷŹ
ʮ塣
̽ѦʵĴ뾩ǻ·̡
һƬϢҲŵƽʣƽ˿
ǴϢϲõæµţʤ̣ѽڣ͢һϲľ
ǹڣΪţѦʻվҪˣһȥ鲼к©ѦһǾͽܻ
һæѾҹԪںڶջҪϳƣİ˰̫Ѩϴϱ˴Ϊ޲ϲ˯ʱйźԵȷ˯º󣬹ȫ˵䡣
һ綹ټ޹ڣֻǽǵһյ˸΢⣬ʹõڲһƬڡ
һ΢ŵ죬һҪţһֱֻס죬ͬһʱ̣һֻֽ޵ֻεĽͷ
谵ĵƹУֻϷѦŴЦԼѪȵӡ
ǰһڣ޾ʲô֪ˡ
Ǵˡ
Ƿ޻ǰһ뷨
һգһԣһֱ˯ãʱгѹѩ
ЩӦ
޻ۣĿǿĳڲϰ޳񣬳ڷ̼¯ڶů紺һŰƣѦʴһīɫӣڰǰŪʲô
ѦİŪĶͷҲصõͦȫ
ǣǣǣԭһǼƵЦȴôҲЦ
ޡΪպ󵽡
ѦʡһһһԹԻؾɱô
ޡᡣ
ѦʡΪʲôãĺʹһضǴţ㻹û÷ʱ͵°ߡ
ƿԡ
ѦƫͷŷޡΪһʾɱϾıôЦЦôر£Ĺ
ѦŪĶſѦõʲô
һɺ߱ɵͬĽᣬ˷ķʤ»׹ö
ѦӣͬĽϵ˷޵䣬ʱͻʣǶϰ߽İ֮ˡ
Ѧ̧ŷޣЦ⣬ҽ£ǳİ֮ˣ߲ʡ
̲ס¡
Ѧһֳųڣڽͷݺݵҧס˷޵Ĵ
޾㵵ĵɴۣѦʵǼҶְԵƵ÷޼ҪЩΪѦҪ̳븹
ڷ޼ϢʱѦʲŷſʵĿӿǻ޼۽ʪִһЩã촽͸ʪĺɫǻմѪѦ΢΢һ
Ѧֵͷ޴ǱҧƵѪˣһɵ
޷Ѿȫסˡ
Ѧʽɢϵͷ۵һߣ¶µӣ˵ĶԣǼûš
ҡͷ
һϲ㣬һ޲ýǧУһ᲻ÿѦʰѷޱڻĲ֪Ǽٻ۸Ҳ
Ѧʡ֮󣬱㽫ߵĿȫߣֻаʱ㱨ĶұϣֵַܰĴһҲ֪Ըⰲ֡
ûѦʱţ˼ˮ֪֪Ҫǲ֣ھͱǸٻʵ۸ˡ
ѦЦġ
ޱۣ˼ô
Ѧʴʣϣ㰲ֵַҵʤұѾˣȶԲס㣬ԲڶĴʲôҶ㡣
޵ȴû뵽ҲʶôĻˣܻ㡣
֮СѦʵʧĴҲϰˡ
޳Ĭ
ֻû뵽Ѧָǯŷ޵򦣬ʹŤԼȻƭҡ
һ֮ɱңΪĪɺ֮ӰɡĪɺǰʷպͰʷյĸס
Ѧʡƫƫ˵ҴӮͻʺ࣬ǡѦЦƭõԼˣֵֿܵͷ湻ĵġ
޵һʼ㣬㻹ô
ᡣ
Ǳˣʱѳֳ࣬㲻ȥȷݽô족ҶԲס㡣
ûʡѦʵˣͻ˾Ͳô
ޡҶԲס㡣
˵ЩҲûʲô˼Ҳûɱ㡣Ѧʵһʱɣĸ׵Ĺ磬Ҳûܴǡ
ͨˣһϲ㣬Ҳ᲻ɱ㡣ѦЦᣬһʱɣ¡
գգۣ㲻֪ڶĴôڸ㡣
Ҳ֪Ѧʵ
Ȼһ˲ѦָĿڵˣ˵ɡ
޲ͷѦһۣȴȻЩ˵ˡ
ΪѦֱ۳ͷϾĿ·ĲǵȴһĴ𰸣ǱĹ°㡣


67 ԭ

Ҫһ, ʷձץ˵𡣡޵
ʷյһ, еĴը˹ܿ죬Ѧʵʵݱֵꡣ
ͻȺ, ʷձʷҲڰʷյѦ֪ԼʵݣѱѦʲһ֮Ͷͻʣ
ټϱд˵Ѧ޲⼸ѦĿ˵Ӽѳɽ, ѦرˣòٳɵҲһֱ˵ѦͼıڷѦһһֱһֻ۱һֻ, ԴҲһֱôš
ѦͻĪɺ֮ӵϢһǱƵģɳſ, Ҫ޸
һʩѹûа취ֻüگѦʻؾ
һûа취ٷƵĽ½ҹȥ, Ѧʵİ˴״, Ѧʽʱ㽫ѦʹѺ
нѦʵʵ, Ѧͼı˰ֻΪѦǷűѺ࣬ı죬ﱾͿΪ˵Ѧʲ˳ۣԳº󾹶ֳƿ졣
ƣ˵ҪҲ㣬ײǰ
ѦʵȷʵΪѡ
Ҳ߿ࡣ޵ʵȥģʱ˯ˡ
ѦʱѺĵһ޾ȥ˵԰ʯڵ⽣ŲѾޱȥõ¥ҳӰѦȥ
ѧһ£ڱǽ˯ˣϰ֮޲վֻ̫ԶԶĿѦһᡣ
ҾѦʣѦΪʲôΪ𲻳
޶˶ٵѦʱ
Ѧʵı鲻䣬˵ˡ
뵽һ⣬ҵһЩ񡣡޼˸޸ò񣬵ҲƭЩˡ
Ѧ̧ۣЩĿŷޡ
ҪѦʼ̸ףΪʵۣȻȨ죬վǵùǴǵ˼һһж˶ţ˭֮ϣҲ
ǽѦʴء
Ѿ¶ҪѦأһֱӱӵ̬Ҳ˳Ĳ
׾ӵļƻûܳɹس˻ʵ۵ͼţǰѦʵʱ䡣
Ҳƭ˹ȥ
ޡҸհźȥ㣬֪ѾѺ̳һжˡ
һ永󳼣ȻѦѾˡ
ֳƿ죬ظȫȻ˰ǵͻʡֻѦʵĹ餣ʹ
ѦʵıȻƽŷ޵ȻЦ⣬˵ˡ
޳һ˲죬ֻѦʲƿӿ۳⣬ǹµģ춼ˡ
ޡ
ѦʡȻͷûˣҲôģˣΣ޹ء
Ӳǣ޹ء
ͣĺɫʿǿʼӪկ
Ѧʳȥˣ޿ڳһᣬƿӣããһƬѩҲ֪ǵ£еʿԼǧˡ
֪ѦûĻҲǣµѦʲô
һᣬѦʶˣһˣܲð
Ѧʷ룬о·ûʲôóԵģЩ
Ťͷ
Ѧƿ룬˶ٵûв㣬Ȼȷʵ޷Ρ
Ѧһ棬ԼԻι㡱ĬĬĽӹͿӡ
˵ʵѾں굽׷ʲô˵ҲãٵҲգǷ𡣡
ʳ֮ζľ׽ţѦ˵
ѦʡѾ㵽ôˣֻҪʱȻһ߾Ϳˡ
޾ţ·ˣѦʱҲڶ棬޳Է
ֱ޳һڷһŷ룬Ҫǧˣȥʱ
кβɡ
ҪǺңھͿɱңҾ
ѦЦôɱ㡱ѵˮڷ޶ͷһǣϲ㰡¡
ޡҺ㡣
ѦʡҲ㣬ƽˡ
޵ȵʧ٣ܿ鵽ͷϣʱӵȥ
ǲ鵽ʱѾ˴߽磬Ҳġ
ޡҲȥʱҪôɱңҪôҡ
ѦϴЦ⣬΢΢ҡͷ
Ťͷų⣬ɫѾȫˣ޵㲻ɱңһһɱ㡣
ĿԴ
¹࣬ѩյþӨ͸һ޼ʵѩԭ૵ġ
ӴˣѦʱ³⺮ѦְѷޱýʵЩô˿š
Ѧʡʲô
ŷ޽ӣڵľյž죬Ѧʰѷ޷ŵ̺ϣᣬЦ⣬һ᲻Ҳ֪ҪҲˣҾҴϡ
ѦԭΪֻҪ߲ʵı¾ͺˣֱһҲı¸߸ţ·Ҳıѿ
ֱǸ߸ϲµͬ٣¡


68 

, ѦʻȵĴ
ľž, ѬůڵģѦʽֽͷһǿȵ, ѹ¡
𡱷޼ѵƫͷֱܿѦȥ˴
һǹ󣬷Ѧʡ
ôˡѦʵЦ⣬һ̽޵½ŴּĴһӴ, ÷޻һ顣
⡱޼һҪӿֱѦʰ˻ȥ
Ѧʡ𶯣ԡ
޲ˡ
Ѧϥ˫ȣֽ⿪½, ɵСˡ
ѦʵĶᣬԴһ֮֮ıƵ, һ·϶µ˹ȥ÷޻ʶĹ˽ű˫, һ鶯ģ
Ѧ̧ͷ, Щ, ôôԡ
۽Ƿ죬΢΢ۿȴЩ
֣ͣңһ̡ȻǴĲ㲻ԸڴҲԸʱ޺ãֻҪܼӦ㡣
̡ѦʳЦһ¿ǿ
ֻҪ㡣ѦǷ޵ֿۣ˷޵˫ȡ
ƫͷûٿѦʡŽŵ͵ƣ𣬱©ķ紵òסҡҷ
ѿѵˡ
һݵĽ͵ƻֻнľ񷢳΢⡣
⺮Х̵ĴϢǣûڷ׷ɵĴѩС
ȵɫȻ΢޾űӻ˯ȥѦʸɾ壬ŵĸ
ɫָˡ
ȵѾ磬ѩͣӵѩɽϣѩһۣӨ財
ѦȦڻһ淭һƤͼֽͷĶͷƺܺá
ްתƵѦõͼֽϣѦʱͼֽǰƣָһطߵ·ٶȣʮձܳء
һ
Ѧʲδ޵ĳŪתӣù¯һֱŵϡ࣬ιߡ
ȷ޺࣬ѦʱְڻҲƺ
ġӵѩɽ
ѦЦôԱ˾ءǰ˱ŷ޵Ķ÷һѦﺬԹԸҲôˡ
ѦһŷޣĿʶ˳ŷ޵Ŀȥѩɽһ޼ʣؼããһƬ
ѦʺȻ𣬵ڽһĻ
ٵİɣѾܣ··;һֱıо·ߣľǾмϸľûǧۣôѸٵҵ
޲ġ
ţѦʱ㰲ġ
˺ļգ޸˳ӲѦʣҲδйһλӭϣѦʼûѷڵû˹ȥڶָֺЦ
޲ٷѦʸ˻ˣȻѦҲףⲢԸʱǱ˴˶ԷжԼ
ʲôѦʲԸȥϸֻҪ޶˳ͺˣܷʲô
⼸Ѧһֱͷһ𣬷չ󻰱˺ܶ࣬Ѧʱһ߶߶˵ô֪Լַʲô
ǰʷϳģѦФĸʷձѦʾº󣬳Ѧʽ̶ԲߣӾ˱ѦЩϤڿѦʵʱſ϶뷨
öʱϵļҴֳΪĽϡʱĽͻʵĪɺĪɺϥڶֶ࣬Զһֻ۱һֻۣİʷѾ˲е֡
Ľڼ޸Īɺñ㻳ˣʷձѶĽҲ֪Ǳ׷ɱǰʷյֱʣĽӵԭĳʱūѦѦС檣Ľݽڡ
Ȼ
Ȼָ˵İѦЦ
ʱðѦ̾
޵͵͵ʲôõģֶ㲻á
ʱ档棬棬ȴܺùڣÿ仰ﶼơ
޳Ĭ
нԼ߰գѩͣͣΧװһƬƺͷ㡣
Ѧڸͷʱ򣬺Ȼ޳˰׷
ֻв۵Ѧʱİѷָ䣬ûгͷƤĵĽ׷ж˰
Ȼͷѩɽ
ػһǻôѦʺȻʵ
ûлͷ˶ٴ𡰻ᡣ
Ѧʡ㻹ôѦ
ޡһɱ㡣˵仰󣬷ʵⲢûʵıҪ㣬Ҳɱҡ
Ѧ϶ͣûΪ޴ڣֻ÷޵ͷֱΪͷ˵һһֱӴʱȻ
־Ǽᶨһ
¯Ų裬Ѭڶһɲ㡣ֱͷбѦʺȻһ

ţĴʿǺĵͺһֻʰ쵵ڿŵĴ˸˳ϡ
˼üֻȸųӳɹڿлĴɽ˳˷޵ֱϡ
תͷѦʣۣЦ貶Ŀ
ˡ


69 

ʱ, Ѫ, ɺչѩϣյõϵѪĺ죬ضȾһƬɫ
ʹѦ书, ǧ˵ľҲвǧ½ʿ˵ˣܿ·硣
ѦôҲû뵽޻ԼǧѰ١
һ衣
Ҳ֪ʲôü׼Ǻõģһϴһɾû˻ˡͷĽʿǽͳ, ޱʿ³ĵºܿΪ˺á
ѦʿܣĬת̤ѪȾѩ, Զȥ
ʿ֣㱻ֺֹ̧סˡ
ҲĬĸǰ֪Ѧʲô
Ѧ֪һֱ˵һ䡰ʲô˼
Ϊƻȫ, ȴҲأܱ˵һ䡣
⼸յĹ˳ֻ˵ǲȥڡ
治㡣Ѧƣ
һ, һȻ, ǧ, ǻֱķֻѷ޴ߣֻͷһ𡣿΢Ը޷㡣
Ѿ߳մѪսѦԶܰѩڽпĳơ
Ѧתͷ޵Ź£ңңָѦʡ
ѦʺȻЦˡ
ԭѿֻ֣һֱţȻãҲ
ɱҰɣ¡Ѧſ˫ۡ
ŹֺȣĮѦʣʳ˼ʱǰʹ⡣
һ㻹㷽˵ô
ѦʿЦһԶԶġ
΢΢ǣǣǣɵܿ㡣
ɱң¡ѦʵƲ㡣
޵һɣңѦʵš
ѦʵϹȻЦѩһƬѩѪӿ
ˡ
Ѧֿ˷ޡ
ĹײĿޡ
Ѧʵʶһ˲Ĵң
վƿţһڹˣ޵ͬķϣԽ֮񣬺˰ɡ
ǰձɹʱ
ţ岻ܿƵĳ޳ȥһ̷ֱֱѦʵ˳ȥ
ѦһֱѾûˣڷ޽űߣ޶˿ڰʹš
ԣʱҪɱ޵ģȴϵ֮ˡ
޵عɡ
Ѧʻجج岻ܿƵĸڷ࣬Ѿ׻ˣΪʲôصȥһܿԼѵ󣬻Զصǰʱô
ڷ࣬޴鷿һֱҹֱʱ޲æˡ
ѦʺȻ룬ԭһֱôæô
ƣİ˰̫Ѩ鷿ſڵĹ˾ŵΪ·޵ȥΡ
ʱȥʲô
Ѧ׺ڷŷһ˴Ρ
һֱߵεľͷһΪɾңϥϱĿ޽ĽŲۣƵ¡
Ƿﻳǵĵ£ǰﻳǱѺʱҲһѺˣֻҹķΪҪ
Ŀ΢΢תƣڷ޵ıѦʵϣҲһλʩ
ЩɻȴͣҲû⣬żɽûа취
˭
Ѧʡ
ѦͬһУ𾪵ֹͣ˼Цһܸ
޵ûκΰ취ôǣͨ㲻û취
ˡƶɮֱԣΪִҪƶɮ֪ѦĹϵôá
ѦҲдʣǰ޼ȲҲأ˵Լ͵ĽѦʾȳʱѦʰŰɣΪԷ޵Ը񣬸ֶ
Ҫ˵˸Ļ֮¡
Ѧ룬ڷ˵ͰĽԼпԲ˵ѦҲþˡ
޶˺ܾã˵
΢΢ü
޴ۣ֪ĽңȴԶٰãֱҵǻ֮ȴȢΪޣű߹أίʵص
Ѧʼǵ÷޶˵һ𰸵ʱ򣬷˵Ҳ֪ϲҡ
ԭ仰ƭԼġ
ԭ֪ԼϲҲڷѾԻ޵һ޾֪ˡ
塰Ȼ֪м䷢ʲôƶɮ룬²Ե޹֮ˡ
ָ΢Ҳʲôܹ鲻һվǹ
ޡΪҴս꣬¹ΪĪɺ֮ӣǶҪ⼸Ϊ˴ɱԼѾᣬҲҪЩΪֵ
Цû뵽¾֮ˡ
ü°ˣ֪ıҪ
ұţȳߣǹѺȴû뵽ˡ
޵ȷʵǷࡣ
徲˼һȷʵи취
ʲô
䲻˸ȴ˻صȥһ建˵ȵʱˣһ壬Ѧһܹܻġ
ѦʺȻ𣬵ʱΪ꣬ʱһֱ˵ʱδԭ˼
޿Цһɱˡ
һѦ󻳺ر²Σˡ΢Ц
Ҳ룬
¿ǸˡЦ
ֻĵʦû˵ô
΢ЦĿ˵
޷ӦˣҴ㽫ﻳǵ̸ΪѺ
׵̼ʩȷʵֲȥòȥʳһ⣬湩Ľƶɮ
Ѧʿŷ˽ֽϡ
ѾȫˣȻЩٿȥֻһп
⣬崽ǴЦüҪʬʲô
ЦֻҪѦʩĻڴ˱á˵峯һ񣬡Ѧʩˡ
ȻȻʲôֻɵǽڣôҡ
岻𣬴ǴŹصЦ⣬ʳָѦʵĶͷ
ȻѦʾʲôˡ
ļֹұ۱֮󣬽ţ˺óһΣһۣص˹ȥʱѦʡ
ѦȻۣŵ˿Ȼʹʶİ˰ϵ˿ڣʱһ
ˣǻþҲΡ
ɫްˣǲǾúϤ
ܲϤأǰôԴ޵ġ
ѦŷޣȻڳʱ˵֮ʱ޵Ļû˵ꡣ
ʱ˵ʲô
˵ˣΣ޹ء
ӲĻǣ޹ء


70 

һη, ʹյҲȻ谵, ޱ谵ĵƹ⽫Ĳӳ
ѦһֳŴ, ؿڵѾʱǣ˿ڣһۡ
ѦЩã޴ϢʹȻ磬֪ڸԷޣڿ, ؿھƵķţһѹϢû档
ѦԸѾˣû
û֪ǰеࡣ
Ѧζӳ, Է˵ȴֲ֪˵ʲôǰôĲ, ܹ
˳ĬãѦʲŵʡôûɱҡ
ˡ޴
һᣬʵҪ˵ģЩô
Ѧһ, ס۾, ƣ, ҡֵµãȻҲ֪
꣬׶Щʲô
ЩʧĿѦʣ˱ۡ޺ܲϲѦӣ̫ѿˡ
޴΢΢ƫͷ۾֪źδ
ҵļ䡣Ѧʼѵҵ飬ȫˡ
˷޶˷ƴȫ˷޲֮ˡ
֮һȫڷޡ
಻֪ΪҪǶһġ޵ҾЩҪ
Ѧףˣ˵ЩҲѾˡ
谭ǵĲ壬ѹĲ¼ɺͲΣε
Ѧûٶ˵鷢չزﲢܱǸ⣬ǶԷ޵裬ҲǶ衣
Ѧ̧ͷ̹ȻŷޡҪδҡ
޵תЩѹ
ɱҰɡѦʵ
ǶõĹޡѦʵˣԱ£Ҳ޽ٵĶ۾ȣⶼӦõıӦ
ȷʵˡ޵
Ѧʡң㣬Ҷǽѡ
Цһ⣬ٻˡ
ֻһʵ⡣ѦʿЦһߣôңԡ
ȷʵѹ
֨ѽһ򿪣̫๪̣յѣ峺ľҺھҡΡ
ƣöδ̫ѿˡѦʵ
ȥϵ޲õ˻
ѦʺƢЦЦ̫ཫѷϣ˳ȥѦʴۣĬű峺ľҺ
£ҲжԲסĵط޻һжһ޶Լѡһ
ûءѦžƱ
û͹޵ҿ㡣
ֻӵľҺһ峺κβ֮ͬѦʿЦһľƱܲʱһ¡
΢΢ü
ڳ֮ǰķϡ
ʡ
Ѧ̧ۣЩĿŷޣһϲ
Ĭһ˲۾ûٿѦʣ˱𴦣ûС
Ѧʵͷеľһ
¿ձڷ޴㵵һƣ鱯˶ȻȻ¡
˵꣬һ
ޡ㡱
Ѧʰ˵£ܲǰ֡
޵ıһ˲ΪŹ֡
ޡѦûеȷ޻ش𣬱㿪ʼૣ˶־
ޡ
һ
Ѧ̧ͷʡΪڻûз
ޱĮȻĻ
ѦʺȻˣ˲䣬ţû
ȻЦڼžηԵøͻأһЦһ߲ᣬʲôʱ˵ҪɱˣҶĹ
Ѧʱߵĺ㲻ɱҡ
ղŵӺô
ѦʵʱһŤ
һ߲һ߱ȥЦϼȥͻҲʱҲã޿㡣
ձӣ̶£ʪڣӵ۾Ц˲䵭૵޿㡱
֮ʱ
˳¼ңϾļѡһ£ȵգ̵Ż̵ͷʼ¼Ҳҵ˴һλŮ̡
һ꿪ʱͻεĿɺʷǩԼ޺ãͨ·ͻϲ˵˿ҶҲƤ޽ǣ̷Ƶ𽥷ٲʢ
֮󣬰ʷһ⣬ʹߴʾӷݽͻʡ
Ȼ󱻷˻ȥ
º󣬰ʷǰֱһٵѣȻݽִҪߣŵӺͷ㬵ķˡ
ѦѦʻʱڸýĽݽˡ
ĽݽڴʱһԭԱϣϪӣƺĲ
ԺûʹκιѦʵ¡
ȥȥ
ת۹ꡣ
дһֱ÷Ȣһ£ȫԷ磬˭ƵýͲ˭ҵʣö֮Ҷ¡
Ƿӣ϶·ˣޱ㳣Ц˵Ҫһ
һպȻյ˷ݽţݽ˵Ѧͻʣ밢ʷƺ̸ʲôǴش
ްˡ
º󣬷ݽţ˵Ѧס˾⣬ɽϣƺ㶨ӡ
ޡ
޸ݽ:Ҫ
ݽûٻš
ֹ˼££ѩ׷ɣбֵһ괺ڡ
ݽˡ
ѦĸãԤֻһֻ
ޡ
˰ŵʹһ١
ȻֲܲõţҲֻܲš
ʱڣݳݺɣݽ˵ѦֵĻˣͻ
޼ֱ˵
һꡣ
һ괺գݽ˵ѦµĻȥֵľܽҲ֦ñῪ
Ȼӣȴûš
ȵ＾ʱ򣬷ݽû޷ӦʱѾһû
ֹ£Ȼûš
˰ɣȲͷˣȻҲͻȥˡ
޳˼ãù˰Ŷˡ
ֱʱյ˷ݽţأȴǰվ壬ǷݽС
ݽ˵·ϵˣҪں
ڹ󣬷ݽˣڼ䣬ݽڰĶԷ˵Щԥ͵ǣ˭ˡ
޵ġŶһ
˺ܾ÷޲ʣ
ݽСĿһ㣬ǰµľˣӦ֮ǰ귢ˡ
ޱһ䣬ꡱ
ݽ֧֧ģ޲ͷ綼֪Ǹɵĺˣ˵
ݽšˡһ֮ǰ˸¸ðʹ֮ǰдŵĶѦʡ
ȻǸǰʱȴͻʣ˵Ѧʰϻˣ˵ˡ±ѦʵԺľܽرܻˣһֱڸ겼չ˲ټǰľˡݽֲ̾ԸΣ¸ϻˡ
ޡ
ЩԶԣôͻȻֻˡ
ʲôȥɽϵ㼸꣬˲٣˵Ҫ˸ȣǲ̫˭ļһôݽ΢΢ߣû˳ԣǶҲɽҰܣ˵ֻɣ˻ܿ
˵вȥȻЩܡ
ڶգޱҽǰȥѦβѻˣѦʲԸҲУû˱Ρ
Ѧȴˡ
֮Ѧûٸš
⼸Ѧʶ϶Էݽ͵ž㶼ճ˻ҡ
Ѧʺشˣס˾ɽϣ뾩Ǻܽ˵㳤ס
ѦĸãԤֻһֻ
Ѧ¸һӣɽʱסƿӾܿճ䣬ľݺɡ
ѦЩľܽأѾ֦ˣֵܿܿʱͻ
ľܽؿˣԺӶǣܺÿ
Ѧ˵˱ĻɽͷǻֲһϲʱȺһԡ
һһĩ֮ʱ㱻ճ˻ҽҶҲˣǵĸɽͷϪǱ紵ɢűƮɢķ
ΨһδͳѣѦʵĴ£ͿͿĸģĨһۼԿкܶ໰Ҫȴԥԥֽϵֻĸ֡
ˡ
һŽű㱻Զ˴¡
Ѧʲ֮ʱѾԵľܽûΪ˳ĳ֦ѿɽҰ
Ѧڸľ֦ܽʱȻ˲Զ
һתͷ㿴һµķǣɽɽҰ΢ľܽء
ѦЦ·˲Ǿñط꣬Ǹղżһ껨ڣĸպá
ĽɽҰľܽشͷβŶѦϡ
ȱԸԸ
