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½Դ磬ȨԭУԤ


1.  һ£׽棩   ξ

ͻãsĸߵƷĹġ

ֵ죬ڴS㳡ķװˡ˵ĳ۸Ҫüǧܶ²ļ۸񣬵ճΪ

Ȼȴһ

ٻٻõôرˣڲż㰡һŮӿǰյĴţɻ󲻽⡣

ͬսȥ֪Ҳû˵ԭ˵ڸװޣ
˶űպϵĴŰ˶顣

֮ǰҲкܶ˿ڴſڣ¸ָĲ²⡣
һ⣬Ǵġ

ԭǣҶĸҪҶѡ·

Ϊ˸ʵķ񣬴ʱرմţΪҶĸ

ҶңSв⻧˼Ҳ˵

Ҷץסתز⣬ͶʹССͬĵط

ʱЦزʲôãڿֻҪˡ

첻ˣҶЩɹԽţBȦӡ

ҶBеͷϴ󣬶źҶ⡣

ҶĸڹĺͻãҲҶϼµġ

õĸ˽ӵ˺СҪϢͣظϹаĵ飬̵Ҳʱš

ˣС㣬ҪʲôҺǰ·ø΢ֺõ˵

ҶĸŸ̬ӦһˣȥЩȽŮꡣ

øʲôĪıϵıϲõţˣЩӦġ

Щ漯ڴõ¥ǲǺԶ߼·͵ˡ
Ҷĸ²ߵҶǽĹ֮á

µڣ

ҶĸŵĶɳϣĵΪȿȣֻҪڻѡ·ϸĵͻѡҶһȥԴ

һʱҶϡ

ԴʱཱུϸߣдŲġ

һ׸عӣĺһ㡣

Ҷĸ˹Ҷ鲻õԭ

Լʲôδ˵иδ򣬻ڳǰͶġ  
ĪһδڻҪΪعװ磬ΪǰúøС

һŮ˻Ὺģ

ҶӣһԸμӺϯһʶ˽顣

ҶҶĸ׮ּɣŶԺڴ

ҶЩ꣬ҶŽҪʲôܵõ
ҪϵǣҶҷѾҲҶһǵĹȨ

ճеʳסУһ

ƢθʳһŲԣܽҶʳȫǴȻ
ﻹΪҶܹԵ㣬ƸǼƵĳʦЩʦĺĲϵ

·ǾϸݳƷ߶Щǻǹʦƣÿһ϶һ޶ġ
˯¸Լļ۸£ֻҶϲ

˵Ҷ˾ýǮҳģҶҲԸӻ

ȻҶһ쳤ҶҶĸżȻڱ󷢳ԺĹ

ԼŮ棬˺ͷЩ֪ߵ˺ƭͼıĸ
йŮÿ߰ĿļǮƹ

Ҳûж׸ͷͬʱĵȥŮ¶ԣǮƣŮĺܾί
Ͼ粻ܻһӡ

뵽ԺŮ㿷ˣƾɵ·ҶҶĸľʹ
ԼҴСĺӣݲܰί
Ϊ֮ƣֻһһ

ںˣ˹˼·ѡ

ΪAаҵĹ˼ң񣬲Ҷ
ߣ⺢ӣҶţƷ£Ϊǫ񣬳Ļһ˲ţǸɶõĺŮ
ҪҶ޵˼ңйүӳҲû˸Ҹܡ

˼ˣҶҶĸλ

ȻһУҶԸΪǰᡣֲЩŮٵˣȻ˼ŮԸҪദһʱ䣬ŮϲҸͷҲ͸ˡ

ҿɾͲһôõĻᣬǶҶĳȰ
ŮҲǿ޸ദûദ˵ҲûеŮҪദһʱ䣬ǲϲˣλˡôãڻίŮĺˡ

ȰҶϯᣬϹһ档

裬㿴׿ɷ⣿Ҷǿһ·

ۻɫ黨ȹѹסһ۵ģ͹ֶּ޵ɫгѩףеաҶ΢Ц߲ʵӡ

Ҷ磬ҶĸصͷȹӰװ

Ƕ̶̵Դȴķһͷ
ʱ򣬴ͣҹķ⣬Ҷô˸硣

⺢ӣǰҲ֪ഩ·
˴ӵҶĸ˵ѵҲš

裬֪ˣ̲ԼȥspaȥĻʱҪ˰
ҶֹҶĸĻ

Ȼ鲻ô򵥡

һСС磬صҺȴݱ˸ð

ҶԼͷؽᣬκģû˳Էθڣ
裬׼ҵһˡ

ŹǷ¥ˣͷεֱ㶵ŴϢ

Ӵ翪ʼķչ˹ľ硣

ȲΪλôɸð
һôεҶڴϲúϾһξ

ξֲܳξʵ
ҶſžǸξ

׶ʵ

иϵ˵24ĵطһ飬һСħܲǿư顣
ĶŮ䣬һΪδֶΣ޶ݺ˵ĶŮ䡣

Լ˾Ůޱ
ⱾŮϵľƣ͸ջعһȡ
һϾͻĺӡ

ҲǱˣԸδ򡪡ס
ھܡʧ䡢һϵҸһˡ
Լһ·ϵظŮ鷳Ů䣬׷³

ҶⷬȻǲš

δ粵ܶ໭ǿƹ䵽Ժ

УԼԸջعδһ飬ƴҪǰºӡ

ƽδ޵ͷΣû¾ȥ֮ࡣ
뵽ֺķ˸飬δǶԼǣ̬ƽƽ

һɾꡣ

ֱһ죬˴ӻعŮ

¸꣬׻һ۾ϳŮˡ

˺󣬹׺ޱǣԽ࣬˵Ĺϵ𽥷ı䡣ݶصǣɹ̼еҶ

ԼҶңŮ˺ܶ಻顣

ɹ·ߡ

εʱҶجоѡ
ξе塢¸о

С㣬С㣬𣿡ſڹʵ

裬ʲô𣿡

С㣬үˣ¥ϡ

ˣҶĿԱϴԼͼҴҵ¥

ҶҲҶĸ硣ǰñȥ⣬Ҷںֹ˾һʱ䶼ͷ

ڴӳ𣬾ͺ͸ճһҶ˵ֱʱ̫ˣҶҶĹǻϲ

ϲõ嵭˸ղŵıˣҶȻε֮Ժ

ҶʱҶر
磬ڻˡ

ǵãˡۿöǸĻҶҲǺܼ

ŮͿǰɣҶһͬŵĻҶ

ԼŴŴĹŮҶźֻϸ׵ӰҶ̲סζ˵

ǿɲְÿ춼Կҿһûпˡ

ŶȥɡԭһŴ㿴ģҲϡ

ɱ𰡰ְ֣Ӣĸסǳʹȥ
ҶҶĻ˵ıϻǲɿڣҪҶڶ

Ŷĳ᣿ȥҶЦҶ

һʱ䲻Ҷ΢ôһЩİС
ڱҶҶôһָ֣оʧ




2.  ڶ   

ϣ
㡣еʱ˴ޱ⺢ӡ

ҪƽҶ뵽ֱӾӦ£ξеվӡ
ޱȥʲô

裬ޱȥʲôҶʵ

˾˵ģ˼ޱ֪ⳡȥ򹤣׬ѡ
Ҳ֪ⳡλýΪƫԶޱ⺢ӵõʱҪĺ࣬ڳ˳
ⲻϣʱȥڻǲùܣġ

ŶҶ֪ԭû̽ͷ˼

ҲҶĸʱҶ͵

Ϊף׵Ļع飬˼ҰAжľƵꡪκ̾Ƶ꣬һƽڽӴľƵꡣ

ʱ磬ҶʰױҶһޱ˽˷ɻǰAС

ҶĻױŶӶٿ죬ʱ仹ǹȥ˺ܾãͷյĺ

ͬҶţޱ򵥵ʰԼҶҵȺ

ɳϣΣֱֱͦģ֪ΪҪʲô

ޱҶûɫ䣬ûа㲻ͷɹصȺ

ĺӮһźҶҶӶ˵ĺøС

Ҷ¥һ´ɳϵ𣬡Сá

ҶĬĬλǰעŮӡ

ͨһԲȺϳϴŰɵţп㣬Ͳ֪ЬӡҪ˵ʲôͬͷʣֱֺԶй

ҶĮջߣģԵùҲ

΢΢ףǻӦޱʺ
ҡõ

ޱಽ˳ӵĸںͷ·ʱźСѾͷ

μⳡĲֻҶбǧС㣬ǵļҴ󶼱ȲҶЩ˼⻹ҪҶҵıϢ

ҶʱЩǧСһӵϣΧҶת

ǱŷӴҶѳζǣľǱĴʻ㣬ϣܺҶģӶάϵԼҵ⡣

ҶˣÿȹûмǴĻHҵɡҲֻܳŵȹӡ

ҶãϴҶ˼ֵ1.5ڵ͸㣬ʱάŮġ

ҶþòÿοôôˣĺãҳûôÿƤϸë׶

Ҷ¸ھҵհʱȥһҪμӰ

ҶǲH͸ϴϢ˵HΪĿ˶ҷһ¾㣬㣬˭ʸ񡣡

ҶȻдţɫûаֱ仯üëһ¡

ģЩǧֱҪͷеĻ»Ļ:

иõˣȻ˭Ը㡣⣿ޡ
ǺǣװǵָжˡǺǣﲻһŮˡ
B˭˲֪ҶһһûõóֵĵطȫһѳëҵҪû˻Ȣ㡣޶޲ʲô
ϣŮԸһأҶ°ѡ

ޱڳӵƵʱĴӾƵ룬ûκע⡣

ޱ㲻Ǽ㣬ڲྭֱָû˵

Բҡҷɻˡͷ˫ִ°ڣŲ

ޱϴ̬ãྭĻһ룬
һ¿һ·иɻʱҲڿ㡣

Ȼޱ¼ߣ
㰲ŵĹǸ϶˾ƵݾƣЩһҪǧݲóκβ˻ˤˣûа

󼸾仰ྭмǿ

ޱ˵ͷʾֲ
װžϯ



ߵеƹȫֻһϣ¡Ź׵Ļع顣

ţүЯŹ׵ǳ
лλĵ׻ع֮գӽ쿪ʼפչ˾ܲһְ

ƹ⻺𣬹ӢӰǰ

ʱȫ߼ڹϣȴĿŮ顣

˵ע£һһᶨҶķ

ӳǣҶ毺õӣµױݡ  

үүҵδޣһƿˡ
гűģװǫǫӡ

ҶС㣬𣿡ҶǰȻ΢Ƿʩ

һڶǧĶҪˣݺݵҧ
ǣ󣬾ջعĹ׶ȥ˻ꡣ

ҵҡҶʾͬ⡣
˶˾ռߣС֪ء

費ַܷܷŵ׵ġ

Զ裬һɲŮò

׿ҶͬʱҶҲ

ɫϸͷƮͷϣӢĽü£˵۾ʱ촽ţʽ䡣
ȷԵʱ

ҶξԼ飬ѲɾǱƤƻˣ

һսᣬѺԵĸ

Ҷһ˵䣬ǧ֮Ļ⣬һ
СЩμӹε᲻Ȥ

ٰĵţʲô󣬻ؼҸðЩʲôݡ

һߣ
ҶžƱӦǰϢˣ

ҶֶӣǼҺ½
壬ĻҼͻСûпʼЩ⣬ﻹ׼ء

Ӧ¸
ϲҶ㰡ǧĺɾͶ
ĻҼӲûҪҪҪȢĵغ޲÷ϱףһ

һع飬ҶŮ飬ݲڳҵ˶룺˼׼Ҷˣ

ΪAкBͷļ壬ǵһһע⡣

Ӧһһˣľƺһһ磬ƣҸطЪϢ

鵽ҶһڽԵģҶЦҡͷŲȥ
ˣǻܣڽ帣

ˣ
ҶͻȻĳҶһҲޱһ

ޱɶẓ̌Ҷ
ûпҶӰȻŵò˼ƱľҲ֮˳һЩ

ھޱڵѪҪǱ֪ˣҪ۶Ǯǰ״ˡ

˵۾ˮ䲻䡣

ҶЦźҶ٩꣬ŷޱҲ۾ˮ֪ķ֣Լˡ

ûжٺ˾ͷҪЩǮҾɡ

ޱǿҡҡͷܾҶĺ⣬Ҷүллĺ⣬Ҳá
дſǻ۾ͮͮģǼҲģԭƾ˼ɫ

ɫҶмֶݣޱǮ£ҵĲԡ

ҶҲһȰޱǾǣǮ£Ͼдȡ

ַȰ裬ޱ̧ͷǿز£鲻ԸǮŴ뿪ˡ

ޱž»ص˺̨ʦĲɣ
ޱôˣզ

ЩƳʻͻȻһûʲôЩˡ

ʦΪʲô£ôһЩƣĵİȵû֪ġ

ǡǣðɡ

ʦЩƿɾˣֱƱʲôáģ֪ġЩŻŻ㡣

겻пһ䣬ǺüǧľƣһҲɬڡ

عͷޱǴſžãһҲûж
ǣʲôú¡ôõľƣҪǲԺɾͳˡȻѣⱭҪ

ĵʦвޱһ

һ¶ǣǵʦǰúȡ

ͷһһ
𶯣ôͷ

ûоޱˣ
ˣҲˡҡˡ

ʦУȥӻ뿪

֣ﰴһ֣пŵݡ

ﻹţôôȡ





3.     

ү±ըԵϢûԤϵù׽ֹϼ벻ƵĹ˾һЩ˴ֲ

ڵһЩϹɶ˼Ҳ׷ײ²үǺ˼

ôһ˾һջعëͷСӣҲ»˾
ǹϼŵĽӰˣǲǾζŹү׼ù˕F֣
Ů飬ǲǻ׼Ҷ֣

ֵĽΧһˡ

ֶϲ㰡һع͵ôشְ񣬵ʱչһϹͷ
壬Ļϵ׳Ӧһѡ

СӣһԾʹӹҲһһʹôһϢ
壬ⲻǿȽææ³Ƕǿأףɹ

겻ԽӢҪүүĽܣҶϲСӰ
壬Ҳǡô겻㻹һǰӢ

Сӣ޸ǳջعдߣҶҵĴС㰡
壬ֻûһƲ飬ʱҪĳˣ϶ġ

ԱҶϢνҶǱ˵Сȶڸ˵
ڽ׼ҵҶңСҪȻ㡣

͸ҶǱߵһǱŷӹ׳һЩ

ԶûҶҸΪ˵ûѡ

ڼһֱǰƣ׶ǲ˼ƣֻԼǱھ

ֱ̨Щ˲ŷŹףź뿪

ȶ˵ĹӲطԼ˾ƣĵҪ֣ǿӲҪһ˻ص䡣

Ƶ궼˼Ұˣûеǣڵذһ֣ߵĳǰŶ롣

ʱ֪ʲôϲڵ



.ҩ.ޱȵĳ壬ҲԻͷԣǿһ˿ǹ۲췿䡣
ûˣȲϵ

ȹӣѩ׵Ĵ.¶ڿУޱ˸Ÿӿ
ѵȹӣѾܻȡ

Ȼȥ£·ڵϱ䡣

ȹ׽ʱ򣬾Ϳһȫ.¶Ůӣڴϡʤѩڽ׵ĴϷֲ嵽һס

һֱͷ.ǲǱͣеͷ  

˭ôŭĹɤŰơ

Ժޱǿſһ죬ͨС죬ֻԼһ˧Ӱ
ҪٵسӣΡΡȥ

û뵽ڵޱȴãǰ͹.̡

׵߱ι̶סĻԽԽǼȡ

ٴѯʣԴŲͷеһ˿ǵסϷǵԡ.
Ůˣ㵽˭

ѭ۾еޱǳ֣Ҫƶס׵졣

жͷʶض

һ㣬˵˳ˡ

Ũİٺϻζ׵ıǼ⣬Ĵʱţֱ۲Ծķסޱϸ
֫۵ߵƣ·һͻɢ

ĹףһʱͻȻŮôĽܣһ»񣬲֪Ǻãһ

Դޱûôǣһ֮

ƺƷζ㣬һѹ
ĩ˻Ҫͷϸġ׵촽

ٶеҰھƾĳ£һʧ
ĶһֵͷռϷ硣

׼Ӳ˫۽סޱ
΢촽ס΢ıݣȥͷ衣

ȶ˸߷壬ޱײײߡ

ͷ飬Ѫɫȹۡ

ڼ䣬дӵС̣׵Ĳ

ʦͨеͣƿէˮţͻǹ

ʱޱƬ׵ļӳѳ̥Ǹѩ׵ļ޶欵ɫʡΪ˵ޱ̥ǣ

漴ڿӣǸ̥ӡһһҵǡ

ÿһǣޱӶ֮ζ﷢Ӱù崺硣ǵǡ

Ż¾ۼһ·ͨ裬̧ͷ֮ơ

εǣ߲һƬһһ쳣ǿҵķɫʹ˫ۡ

ޱԼƯںСһ˳ӿҪƷںһı

һҹ󣬷ɢһ˵ζþòɢȥ

ʱսڳ˵Ĺջǳ˯ȥ

ޱ

峿⴩͸˴˷ڣͨսĺۼޱȵı¶£ûһõġ

ޱȫÿһʹĶһһ顣
쳣һɡ

Ҫǣ߻˯һˣԼʲôûд

źµޱС´뾪ˣɿؼʰҵ·

ллأ·ܴ
ֹסҡ

ޱϡǰ˳ʲôûпܡ

վסޱվס
δ뿪ⶰ¥ͱྭס

ྭ࣬ޱʵ㵽ﰡỹûн˵ȸҲ

ڻƣޱںһɣǸǸԣͷΣȥ˸طϢ

ྭɵؿţͷΣö˶˵ôͷΣ

ޱ¶ڨڨЦ㣬ȥЩҳ˷ɻͷκġؼһ𣬽ое㲻С

˵㣬ǲ԰Ҳ쵽β˲뿪ġ㣬Ĳǹġ

ҪҲûгʲôӣྭʱŹȥ׷ΣޱҼţûгֲȻʮ㶼ֲʧ

ҪҴҵ뿪ޱҲԸྭжĽ
õģ֪ˡ

ûϢµĺȦһţ԰׵Сϸԡ

࣬ྭҲû˵ȥ˽ᣬҲˡ

ྭȥıӰޱץʱϽȥϧĲ̫ǣ˴Χļ⣬ʹһš

֮£ֻܽȺһƹ·

ޱȥһʱ䣬ײŴӴϻתѡ

ʯ骻ζδɢһζڷŨҵɢȥ

Ĺ׳ͷӴ
ȶƵͷʹѣ֡һַͷһֳŴܡ

ҹƬۻƵģڹԺɫ.Ļزš
ЩһһŮˣһӵŮˡ

ϻܸܵϸƤĴУϸֱеζŵвŰٺϻζǰʱʱޱϵ̥ǡ

ָо̫ãõΪֻһþ






4.     

ŴҵĴĳЩطӡɫĺۼһжʵģĻ롣

ȻǸŮûӰ׷ŭĻܣͼҳǸŮ˵ļ

ŭӿͷûǸŮ˸ԴԼܣ

ʱĹף޲þŮˣһЩѺáĽ

塱ͷĵ绰ʱ˵

ιʲô顣Яž޴ŭ

εҲʱŹףĹ
ֻܾҵҵػر񣬡ܲãҪȥŻرְ滹Сʱ

ϷŪıߣʹ˻硣
ŴӴϾͻ̸ȥһ¡

֮࣬Ƿʲô¡
ܲã˵

κ̾Ƶ꣬һװ
˵꣬Ŀµ棬ϵ·ûһõģ

ţšľܺ棬ǳõְҵҲûйʡ

ǹүӴܲڹСʱ͵ִ˼κ̾Ƶꡣ

һţǿҵĻζֱš

ˣȰ·ڵϡ
û˵š

Ҷ࿴ŵķ·Ƿźú󲻾̧ͷ˲䣬һŮ˵ץֱ۾ڹ׼ıԡ

ȥսж༤Ұӡӣô죬ô
︹̡

úĹףָϵƽ顣

侲طԸȥҳ˭䣬һҪ˵ȫϡϢҷˡ

ҪǱ֪Լ֮꣬ȻһŮǿϣЦ
£ûбҪڡ

ҲɲУ⻰ǰſᡣ



ҶҶͻޱڶϲŶ

һ·ɻӵɫţһʱûע⣬ˤ졣ڼϢĸף

۾
ޱޱôôٻСүϾͻ

ŸƣӣĹϹݺᣬƾ˼ꡣ
ޱͱձպϺϣԥҪҪ顣

ԥ˰죬ǲְ֣ûʲôֻϹȽˣϢһ

ţޱͳֻոһϵĹʣְ㿴׬а˰Ŷ

ոһ񣬿ֻϵĻ¶˽ı飬
Ůġְ˵˵ʲô

ɹɻأޱɫпɳϣ
ְ֣ǸƵɺˡ

սķ̫ྫ˷ȥڣһû˯þսôһЩ˾ᵽɳϣ˯ˡ

ڵĵոһŮ۵ɳϣΪϵĹ۵ޱ⺢ӣҲ˵

ȥ̺һǡ

ŮˣոİˣҲͿԳȥˡ



˽˷ɻϣ

ҶԶԶһƣԹ׼÷вӡ
ãҿһ˲ţ˵̸¼񣬵ǸķԿǿǡ

εǼ٣ܹҶ˸Ӧˣˣ磬֪ˣ˵ˡ

˵꣬ͷתһߣжڼ⡣

Ҷ״̬ҶҲǿȥֻû⣬
úã粻˵ˡˣһе鱦㿴һϲϲ

˵Ҷ鱦Ȥˡ
ҶתͷҶһ񣬡Ȼ˵ˣҾǿԭ㡣ͼƬøҿ

뵽ҲԼҶƵû˯⣬ѡȥ̳
Ǹ̳ĳvip˿ͣʲôʱ䣬̳ĴԶΪ򿪡

˵Ůĺ÷
ҶҲ⡣

һһҵ꣬ϲͻŵķҶûйǣõķŲ¡һЩϲģñš
һҾȥһң䵽ͷǹɢȥŰݡ

ʱЩҲʱҲȥüСʱ
С㣬Ҫ𣿡

ˣЩŵҵĳҲˣȥĹʷһ

ؼǰųϵıҶͷ켫ˡ
βΣⲻȥǹס

ͨ˵ص˯һ

һ˯˯磬Ҫе绰𣬲ȻҶ˯ϡ

ãһϲⲻ⡣һഺ

㡣Ҷ⾪ϲ

XXưɡÿŶ

绰ҶСһ𳤴ĺýáƣֹ˾ǧ

Ҷ֪λãٸ

ֻڰ̨λһ̷īŮӶš

ûӰҶسȥ  
ƣĻҪ찡

ߴѵժī¶һŴĪǷȧǣͻüëҲǴֺڵĽü
ȫ˵ĸҪйҿɻز

壬ûɶȥˣʱˡ

˵һᣬƱľǺ˼

𿴶ǧС㣬ȥݣͨ׷Ů

һǰѡ𣬶ڽĿпһС⣬һ

ͶƱȻĿɻ
ҪдͶǧӡ

ԭûʲôҲȱôһǮ

ͻڣȽĿ˾գΪȷԼгλֱӻһǧһλӡ

ûϢʹ˶Ķʲôǧһǧ򡣡ǧؽ𣬾Ϊһˡ
׵ǣкʣ϶½˰

鷢չزҪ˽Ҳѡ

ŶƣǰΪ׷ǣӼʮˣֱһǧ
ұȲҶңһǧ˵ʲôǮҲǶּһµ

ͷԶʲôۣܼŮֽԡѧ

ĶֱӶ˶еĿԸѲӼһ취Լ

ⲻûа취ĶƣѡȦı档

ƲмƲƲ죬ߣûлҾͲȥҵҪơ

ⷬĶҲ˼ֻ

ƣǾı¡ҼôǱķ

ѵܻһΣҶʵ̫ˣƣѵܻһΣ⼸BеĻҰˡ

۾һûá

˵Ļ

׻عҶαһϢǲ˳һȦҲ֪ˡ

ʵңҶǲҪ͹˼
غ°뱲ӵҸЦһɫ

Ҷǲ죬һ죬ܴƶˣϾȦ
ǴСס

ףƵͻȻθߣҿɴû˵

ǰǰңһһţ˵⹫ҳǰµġΪ⹫͹˼ҵүǰսѣԼԺ׼ҡ

յĺýãҶһΪ죬벻ף⹫ⶼȥ˰ţ粻ҵҵƫƫʱҵ

Ŀɿڴû뵽ͷû˵

ƣи׵ǣ˼ҲӦΪǵϱ

ǲŷӦ˼Ҳô㶨˹ף

˵˰컰ҶҲеڿˣһһƣ֪˕Fˣ31갡һˣôһ绨СŮ

ɲô˵˵ʹˣ˭˲֪˕Fǹ˼ұȨˡСӦҹ˕Fˡ

ˣƣ˵ˣǲ޸˼ҵġǿӲҲ

ҶĲãѸתƻ⣬˲˵ˣˣϲпաһ춼ҪҼҵˡ

۵ʱȥ̫죬쵽˻ûĶãʱ͵ҹҪֱʱ






5.     ǳ

ſϧ
û˵õĻҪˡ
ƺþûܺͺýô죬ָо̫ˡ

ڵ˵ڶİ죬æͷͼҴҵҶ档

̳

ҶͶƾͨͨĺһԳԺȺȹ䡣

˾ȥһҵЪϢ

˵ʮ߾ˣȦЩ䡣

ʱܽһЩԣ⼸Ҷ˲ٵĹϡ

Ҷǽһɿ֣ȫûע⵽ޱĶ



һ󣬹׵İͷ׼ʱޱϣϸʲôطѧѧʲôרҵС

ĵһĿʮеؿš
ĳʱ۾ϵֽ߬ҶܺãȻ߰ˡ
벻һᣬϲˡ

ȥŮ˸нְλͰųҵ
ģ˵㡣

ԭ׼ҶĻȢȥƿҲ뷨

ޱĸ׾ȻҶҵӶˣı뷨Ȼ㲻֣ǾҲˡ

λһЦԭΪҶһ벻ôݣȻû

ޱӦˡ
⼸ֵĴǿ󣺲ǰһˡ
ʾʲôܱ֮ǰɾ¼öˡ

ޱʵϰݡ

ӣعƽ
ƽȴǰӿ

εĻʱʮֶݣһҪ뿪ˡ

25Ҷվڰſڣϴɫĳȹﵲסŵʣϵīס٣¶һӣС졣

վһķ羰ߣöƵƵĿ

ǰƻǿһ飬˵Ļٺúÿǿǡ

úƣ֪ˣһῼǵġƱʱ䲻ˣȽȥɡ

ҶڰңƱӰʧת뿪

붭뿪ûжãͷһ¡

ǰ棬ȴдԶĵطߣ밲ڵλԽԽԶ

Щ˺Ҷÿ˵ţȥ棬кϷ죬˵淢˴¡

Ҷ˺ģǷʲô
Щͷ

ͼͷ˾޶࣬ЩȺΧһȦ
ҶѾȥȴޱӰһֲõԤӿ

ޱһֻһͿȥֻ߰Сˣһָһװĵˣдʣ

ΪղŵΪǸҪҸղų־ˣʻСҪڳˡ

װĵˣǱˣǹ˕F
û뵽Լһ·ɻͻôĵ顣

ǰʱүӿధ󣬹˕Fסⷬ󣬲ͬع

֪ԼС;ͳøҪⰲȥӭͬΡ

˵Ҳɣ˭ãƫƫŵޱ

ͬĵŮޱҲһ˵ġ

ڲȴע⵽ǰһҪײһСк

ޱδȳ⳵ͣȣͼææؿţ³ȥˡ

кʼͷسˡҲǹ˕F
㵽ôûпǰик𣿡

֮֮˺ܶ·˵Χۡ

ָ𣬹˕F³ûгǹ˕Fߵ̲ס:
Լܲʲôʱݹ

ߵޱǰɫλС㣬ҳԻɲҽӵƤȺдܳһ·ܵ·ϣڵǵĲʰ

ޱ֪ڸ̬סˣã鵽ϣ㻹ҪƱ硣

´¶ĵ飬˵·˵Ļ硣

ޱӣϸغͻﻤСк˵Сѣˣղŷʲô

ʱСкסˣҲţܵܶߵעӣֱӰޱĶӣǲ˵

㿴ûУղŵΪйڣСӿǱŵһ仰Ҳ˵ˡ

ܵҲϣǾǣײ˼ңǸҲ˵ûİ

װȥǸӢɵå硣

߶󺺣۸˼һСŮʲô˼˴»Ǹͺ˼ΪһŮʿ

˱ЩȺڵ֧ޱͦıֱֱһҪһ˵

˕FסĿǰΪֹһ仰Ҳ֧񲻷ֹȥ

˾š

ȻһԶܲãص
ǹ˕Fһ

Ҫ˵ڴϵ飬Ǵ˼µ顣

ƵʾţСкżҳע⣬ԼѼҳ֣һ·Ŀİߵ·룬ˣʼָͷȫȻûע⵽һ

Ļ棬ޱͦڳǰȳСк

Ƶŵ֤˕FûдСкԼײġ

ǵزޱɲģĴôֻǸӣúýˣղΪʲôҪҪͱˡ

һŪЦˣͱˣղŵ˭ڱ˭

Ҫۣ˕FһѰס˵˵һ䣬С㣬֤ˣǾ鷳λ

ͳ񣬸дԣС٣

ûеõǻӦޱһͨУ
վסǾ׼˾ǰûдСʵʵ˵ǲ㸺𣿡

ޱ϶˹˕Fһ

С㣬˺֣С˵ʲôϵ㲻ȥС裬һֱǾ
Ͳסе̲ס²۳

˕FҪ뿪ûֹһССޱܱΧ۵ȺڸǱͨŵÿһ·

Ź˕FҪԶޱһ˵ľֹ
첽ǰס˕Fĸ첲

¹˕F첲ϴر¶ޱ۵ףֵɽ͵֣¶˼ɫ㣬ǹ˕F

Ϊ˷ֹޱʶ˕FʱӴֳЦ׵׼һЩϣой˕Fı

ѹ綥ӱʦĽһ޶Ͻһֻ

ޱղžûп

ϵȸղŸΪܸе߳ܣ벻øһλαӡ

λδֱӱ뿪ȫд

ˮʯˣ˼״ûֿɿȺķ׷ɢȥʣһЩĮޱ˼

ȻⷬɸҶ˿ذը

ʲôǹ˕Fޱʲô˹׵ˣ

̶̼죬㷢Щ飬Ҷ鸴Ӽˡ



Զޱƽ׾ˡ

ٽʵϰӵļ٣ܷҵʵϰĹ˾ޱûаա

ոҶҹЩ꣬μӰޱ
ո˵˾ǹʴҶҴûпոΪҶҹ˶ʮ꣬ڻոһЩС

ЩõĸޱĽϸ۽磬ԸҲȥո͵Ĺ˾

ЩǱʶջԺʶľܾȥС˾ȫûоûʲôԵĵط

ִܿĹ˾ǿʡһͷ˾ȫ˲ţҪʲôʵϰûУ

ԴˣޱŻ̻̲

ҪȻĴѧڹҲŵϺţһС˾ʵϰȫû⡣

ԣѧУⷽĸ˸ޱ绰˵ɼ죬ѧУʱչ˾ʵϰ

ӵϢޱϲ⣬ʦģұ֤úʵϰģᶪѧУ  






6.     ٽ




ʽȥչ˾죬ޱ˸磬ĴԼ

ϸͷβ߸ߵعԺ
·һӣɫĳһɫţп㣬Ŷסмֶаζ

ͣޱԵġ
һǰԼʹ

鴦ƽһְλְܵλͷԡ

˵ְλܲӵģ˻һŮӡ

ǰɣܲǲҪŮӣǴʶ

ѲҶҵСϴܲòǺĿ裿

пҮȻܲøʲôҪⰲһְλ

鴦˻۷׷ףŮѾ鴦ſڣ
ʣչ˾鴦ʵϰޱ

˻һԭֵİ칫˲䰲˵ˢˢתޱ

˵һ۵ķӦǣһӡ
һ˫¹ԲĹĵģҲԲĹĵģҲ۵ģС͵˵ĵط˵ǸҲ֡

Ժĳһʣ˳ĲҶ˭

ղŵڸסޱĻֻԼܵ˵˵ʲô

۵ĿޱŵֽڰУҲǣҲǡ

ȻʵϰǰɣȽ򵥵ĸһҽܡ

ҽܹ鴦ޱݣ϶𣬸ŵĻҲɵΪġ

ޱĳָ鴦ĳ˸ѡ

˾ǳ³ڼҵںУòõó֣γһ۸ڶƢ˲ޣЩ֮ͨԱ

ǰõĻϣһ˲ŵܲһ顣ֻ˧ˣԼ

Ϣʱ䣬ޱˮ䣬ϣóйع׵Ϣ

ޱѽ˾ɻϰߣ
³ŵĶ𿧷ȣΪ·ڣޱĹϵ

лл³Ĺģ˾ͦϰߵġ

ޱҿͲӦûѧİɡڴѧɼӦҲȻôҹ˾
Ǹҳһ

ڴѧĻɼСҹ˾ѧУŵġ
˵ޱ¶˵ζѧУƼȻһܽչ˾ôõĹ˾

³УλεسΪ׹ϵǳ֤ݡ
룺ѧУƼ¾һ˵ǡ

Ȼޱ͹׹ϵһ㣬Դ֡
³Ŀеͷޱ̬ȸȳ

Ժ⾡ҡ

Ŀ𣿡
ޱɴ¹ۣ³ĵӰ۾ɼȫĵ˵Ļ

Ȼİ
³չ¶ЦݣޱĿһ֪Ĵݡ

ȻޱĽǶȣ³ϵЦݣƲƲ죺ô̫ƭˡ

ޱһֻСãһ˵塣

˵ʵޱڹ˾ûжҪɣÿ˾ȣͲϡ

ޱЩֹҲĬϵģĿҲ

׵ĬǸźţ鴦˼ܲû˵ޱԽֺá

ʱ䣬ޱʵϰνˮ⼫ˡ

ޱзļҪͳȥⱭȾ鷳ͽȥ
³˵꣬˫ֺʮ۾գͰͿޱ

ʲôҰɡ

õָޱŶ롣

峿һƵս칫ңٱĹ·϶һ⣬˼˼

ޱĲɵҶڷĶ䲻ı졣

Ѿιףÿһޱǻᱻ׵˧ֵࡣ

ܲãĿȡߵޱͷҿס

ԽޱԽ졣
̫ܲ˧ˣ˧

ڽȷµʱޱûȣȵĿȾк£ȫ㵹ڹϡ

ޱû뵽ᷢʶȥԲܲãҲǹġ

ޱļ⣬ȻӦԼڸʲô
ܵγѪߣܲãĶԲ𡣡

Ϊ£ִ˲ޱĵ

۾΢У.۾̸¼˵Ӧô졣

׵ĿЮǿҵԺɶɣޱԼҪϸ˿ܲãʲôĳͷҶԡ

ޱ˫룬ӺĹ̹̣һܵӡ󷢴ȱŹϣΪ´ξ

ޱʲôҲû壬ܲ÷Źһ롣

ûע⵽ʱܲõرʡ

ȤؿޱĶӵıӰ°͵ֱϣζһЦ
ŮˣҵֶΣôϲɹˡ

ڵڴޱһ˿Ȥ

⼸죬׺ޱ֮䷢飬ҶһŲ֪еغͶƹ֣

ǴAеԭ򣬶ƶԹ˼ҵСϢ˽Ķࡣ

Ϣʱ򣬶صҶһٵĲ͹ݣܱû˲ſڣ˵˼Ҵٹ˕FҪعˡ

Ҷûаִ
ξ׻϶ԣ˕FûУֻмܡ

ûд׳ذĻAпСϢ͸¶үӲˣûмˡ

룬үʱѹ˕FлǴѼŴ˕Fͷ𣿡
˵ʱ򣬶ƵͻȻθߡ

˕FһֱAеĴ˵İ汾ͬ
˵쳣ڹԼҵ۹˵Ǳ˼ĴڣԲŻʱͳ

ϧ˕FʱھԶΪʲôҪԭ³С

ǹ˼ӱھͳ̳ˣ˕Fڲڹڣڵ˶˽ⲻԴ˾վڹױֹ֧ס

ǰᣬүûסţǰ뼯ӹ˾

žһźţүӻѹϼ˕F
ЩҡڲĹɶֵ֧֡

˕FĻعСϢĳΪ֮

ҥд˕FĿɿˣҲԽԽĹɶ˶Թ׵֧֣󰵰׼ֹ֧˕F

뿴һǼŵļ̳ߣһǹ˾ܲãʤӣһĿȻԺҪѡ񣬿һҪѡ˕F
Ϊ˺ѵδġ

죬˼ȥABУûļҵſԺ͹˼ҵȡ
δҪǼˣҲֻм޵˼Ҳõѡ

ƣ㲻Ȱңһ޵ġ

ʹҶţǰμҪغͶ˵һ飬Ϊ˶סƵ죺

㿴춼ʾңҪȥ͹˼ҵ飬˼Լϲˣʲô

˵ãһ˵˷ãӦϹ˕F㿴ξĺ棬˹˕Fʵܱס㣬˭

Ϊȵ׷ǰߣͬҲ԰ߡ
̽飬ǿ˺ö౾Ͷ˲ٵס

ڣϤĺܣȻΣ˵ڰʾ㣬ǧҪٸ

ƿǰ罿ĺѣ25껨һͣƫƫϲ˲ϲϵˣǰ³˶̾Ϣ

һжļԺҪźҶصеĸޡ
ư¾ġ

ƣ֪ˣҾԲں͹˼κǣ




7.     جγ

ӻؼҵһ·ϣҶ˼
ǳԽǿʱҶþ㱡ĲɣոӦ

С㣬С㣬ôˣոĵǡ

ûʲô͵Һˡ

³һ̣Ҷıܼ尾ڷ伱ת

ôأ֮ǰûʲôӴġ
Ѳģޱ͹׷ʲô
ĻԼ

뷨һҶ˲סˡ

Ժһ뵽ˣҶʱҶĻҶҵġ

磬㡭ܲܲޱô͵׵Ĺ˾

ӵ绰Ҷ⣬ãô뵽绰

ǰʱ䣬ҶľܾҶΪҶ˺͹׽ͷԼӵĺߣ

УͰϸϣ֤

˼ҺҶҵɲ˵˵ģԴҶ͹׻عһЩ˽ӴͷҶҲа취ʵס

һĻĽҶסҪߵĹףܣȻߣһм˽Ҫ㡣

ŶҶ̲סˣҲӦ֪ˡ
üĿָģ

ȻˣҶʼˣܣҾ㣬ޱƸǼ˼

ǣʲô˼ҷȰ㻹ĺʲô˼ʲô塣
дʣڳһܺߵģ

ףѻ˵ʲôøɵĺ£þû뿪ҵߣܲʲôСӰѻ˵
غҶ׵ںŭҶ

ˣһӰθߡ

ǣҶķԸô͵ڶڼŴޱ˽⣬ޱĵɲҶҵ˾

˼ޱǺԼȹġ

벻ͷɣҶŭЦ
벻ùܣ뵽ǣǿԭޱǲͨĹܻ᲻֪ڶΪʲôҼӵҷȰһ䣬ͨĹܺúò顣

Ҷͣ˵־Ĺ˵ȥ
仰תߡ

ҲûѡҶִ۾𣬿ޱŮƭ

ֲֻѯʹףҶתͷҵ

õ˴𰸵һӵĻؼҡ

ذԭ˵һ飬ãҪ濼ǿǣ˿ס

ҶؿҶ
һξȫһˡξͷβɶ֧Լġ
ξҲǺܿɿ

Ҷ۾̫ҶЦĿڣ
ãôˣô𾪡ѲɸһŰˣ

ȻҶװһģҶ

ôȫõĸ磬ôܻѽ
Ҷᳵ·εεĺҶŽ

ҶҶֵҲű
ҵôôɰʢЦ⡣

ҶҶѯԭ

м͹׵̫ڼңҶȾҶĶ䡣
ҶͷʲôҲû˵ֻЦЦ

˵Լӵӻ֪ԽǷʲôԽҪʲô
Ҫ˵ָԹ׵ĺøиߣʵ䷴

ҶûпڣҶ֪:Լǲ֪ġ

˵۰Լ漰ԭԵûаء

ʲôԭҲãٸ粻ȰԼź͹
ҶοԼ

ڻҪæҶûڼãҪȥ˾ˡ

ټļֻʣҶһˡ

߱߻룬ղҶĻ

ڵڶϿޱ˵ޱǶϢ
᲻ͬһȹ

ҶùҪķܵĹϵŹ׻Ҷ˵

˼ȥҶһAУȥ鿴õļء

ȻҶҲ㹻þԴ

˭˲֪ҶǰҶˤˣ»ˡҶ൱ڵҶҡ

ΪһССĴþﲻҶҡ
ҶС㣬ߡҪѾļص˳

չ׵ķԸӵſڳĻȫ
ǼܲסҶһޱ

ޱƬǿǱ

ҶĻͷˣ³ȥѼصŮ˳ݺĻ档

ѻҶŷԸѹ׵ĻҲͣͬλá

棬ҲҶʣಽҶָ¡

֮ĻһԱȣʾ˽¥һ

еӣʶģǹסŮӣܴĸҶ

뵽ǰ죬׵ԼԼɾڵļء

һ𰸡
ͬҶټпбŮˡ 

ҶϾ˼۹⣬ҳһƬ

ģԼĵطһ飿ޱ͹ⱾŮ

ȻôһƵ꣬ô෿䣬ãĵطȥƫƫһط

ΣҶʵ벻ʲôõɡ

סˣһ㲻ģ˭ޱĹȥйЩҪ

ྭһȦ˹ϵҶĿڣС㣬ҹʲô𣿡

㣬ޱڶ뿪ʱʲôһ첻һı𣿡
Ҷڴؿྭ

ޱ룬һĵطྭͷβ뿴һȦͻȻ۾һԥؿڣ֪㲻㣿

Ҫ˵˵ĥĥĸʲô
Ҷྭôٲ˵һҪѯҶõĸ˴Żһѵ

Ҫ˵ʲôͬģĵڶϣޱ˸һֻŸСʱɫҴңʲô¡

Ҷ΢˼Ҫ˵Ǻڹ׷ȹ鱻֣Ҳ˵ʹ
³һء

һȽ֣ޱĺȦͬæһϣȦҼصģǺڵĸèһ
ޱ״̬ν
ྭ̵Ӱ졣

˵˴Ҷֱˡ
˷˲ɸ˵ܣޱͲ۵Ȧس

ˣ˵ĻȻģЩҲͻԺ

õʣҶάסɫס飬һ侲˲²͸ʱʲô

صصصаȫеĵط
Ҷȫסѹһкǧ

ô죬ô죬ѵԼҪȥ

Ŀ־壬جγһӿ

ʱҶС
һ磬ܰ塣

ýö˵Ļͷ:
˕Fָλ̳йϼŵġ

뵽ǴڻУңƳӰߴ͡

ٳӢ˧Ϊĸ磬Ҳȥ

ҲίԼ

Ҷ»ᷢξ飬뵽õİ취Ǳ˕FĴȡ




8.  ڰ   ͬ

ϣҶ鷿ſǻ
ȷܷͬԼȥAе

Ҷôһûгڶһ˴B⡣
ڴѧڼ䣬ҲѡڼҸġ

Ҷĵش鷿ŷ̽һͷ:ְ֣æ𣿡

Ůѵ鷿Ҷϲ⣬̰ͷһԣ˵ϲ:Ůɣͷ䡣

ҶƮǲȥҶְ֣ҪȥAоסһʱ䡣

Ůְ˵׼Aסã
ҶΪAչҶҪȥ￴뵽ﳤʱס

˵Ҷ飬ͷûһһ£ꣿһꣿְ֣Ҳ֪ʲôʱ

⻹ˣʲôʱȷҶûдӦĿܡ

ְ֣ҾȥAһ棬ʱˣϾͻģֲǲˡ

Ҷ뷨ʼղ䣬һڷ

ҲУҲСƼ˵Ҷһɣְ֣ҡʵȥ׵ġ費һֱ˵ҺҲȥAУ⻹ô飿

Ҷɫ΢еɶҲҪǱߴôáҪ飬͸Ҵڹ˼ң׼סͷЩȫĵط

õĺõģְ֪ˡ
ҶŴڹ˼ңָܺ͹˕FиĽӴҲûзҶ

ҶҵĴӪפBУAҶҸǳûжܹչҶ
ҶҶһסͷͷչ˺ҵıŮ

ˣǻˣ

Ҳֻдڹ˼ңҶܹŵġ

̫ҶAдôһʱ䣬žҶ˵˵ģҪ˼죬ҶͻҪؼҡ

ֿǣҶǿǿͬ⡣

ο²ҶҶAдһκܳʱ䡣

Ҷ˸߲ҵ׼뿪鷿Ҷʱ뵽ʲôסҶŮһļ㿴

ԭҶѧҵһꡣ
һҶҶջȥȥμɶԣȥ㿴չ·ϣѲҵ˸顣

ȻҶҵ󣬽ֲּ˼  

ûĸҳϣԼҺӺãҲһζֵ̫أҲ׼öƽּŵ

ɶƳҲǴźúöû̳мҲͷ

ԱȶңֻҶҶҶĿݶȸߣһġ

Ҷһ֣Թ˾ŲʣȫԸܹ˾
Ҷ룺ⲻС

ĬĬչһм䵵ε鱦˾Ҷ֡
Ůһ鱦˾չԺҹ˾ͽͷȫ

Ҷݺͬʱͷˡ
һԵĸ𣿸׾һҪҼ̳м

ְ֣ҡҲеġҶһۺͬܵľܾ

ŮûеԸԸ㶼Ҫϡãҹ˾ķֹ˾AС
ŮҪˣȥֹ˾񡣵ʱȸȶˣͻҽܹ˾

ҶĺͬᣬڸͬԼǰAоסԼҲø



Ҷ֧֣˾ҲᱻҶ˵ϾҶҶҽΪ谮Ҷˡ

Ҷ֪ԼҽεεҪһAͷֹסǡ

Լ㽿ͷôĺá  
ڹ˼ҵĻˡ

Ҷŭ䲻䲻ҵؿҶ̶̼ϲ˹ס

缸ĹȰûκãҶס

뵽Ҷͷһʹ
Լûסá

ҶĶ֧֣ҶķͨͨЧ

Ҷ˳ǰլ

ҶǰҶңҪլϢʹ˹׵Ķ

ǣôϲңϲԶͬһط
ӵϢĹҶűġ

״п׷ŮˣǿҶҵӻһҶɱŮˣˡ

һ뵽ԺҪҶŮ˹һ£׻ļƤҪˣ

ͨ鴦ߣ

ԺҾ͵ļҲ͵լʱҾͲȥˡ
״ҪԶҶŮˡ

첻ԸһſھҶЦ

үү˵˵Сʱ򻹳ûС

˼լһ׵ĽǿĽ20ӡ

լ˹һ弸˵ĲƸۼ

ųصĴŵĴ򿪣ӳǾ޴ȪԼһð׳

¥ߵıשɫǽӳ֦ҶïĹ

һׯྲĸо

һ޼ʵĲԭƽڴ߶

լϽǻרſһϢɽˮͤӣӦоУרùүɢġ

Ȼټլƽֻйүӡ˕F͹˾ס

үʹˣӲˣٴȨǰͨˣ

˕F͹Ǵæˣÿصլʱ䶼ԶʱүӶ˯ˡ
ǹףͷŻһΡ

ҶܹլŹүӣүͷĵĲˡ
ƾɵӹо˼ֻ

үҶһ˼įСʱ¡
ҶͲЩЦ顣

һ⽲һһһ쳣ĺг

ӹһţҶע⵽ԺﲻԾղŹүӵĻ

˭뵽˸˧ӢĹ׹ܣ5ʱ򴲡  

Ҷһ뵽棺
5Ĺף5ߵĴյ˯¡
һ۾O@Ȼ˱ķġ
һʪһƬԭϹˣϻճһɧζ

Ҷ̲סҪЦ
ȻλεʾЦ⡣

ͷϵҶŮ˾ЦЩʲô

˼լ׿ѹԼĻ
үүŹүӴкŰĿƵҶϣĳƺˡ

ҶҪŻˣôƺô˲ʡ

Ȼ˺׸硫
ذת֪ûжĵףҶԸȱĵˡ

ǿŹ׵ı飬Ϊã·״̬ҶӦõġ

Ҷкת͹ү˵үүһʱҿܻزլˣ

װ˾ϵæġҲʺҪϢϢ

үʲôˣӵƢԲ˵֪ʮʮܲ¸˾Ųʮ
ǰı֣ԼԾûϲ˼ңⲻŷӶ

үӶҶʮ⣬  
ôõŮӣԼҪǴˣŵҲһ

жʱ䲻ܻҶĿϲ
֮ǰãҪ͹׵ͷ̧ͷ׼
ÿֱҪ̫

ԹүӵȰ裬׼ɣүүҵҲҪЪһᣬĹ˾ɻָң˾һʾ޶ĵӣʵæĳ鲻

ҶҲһ԰Ȱ:ǹ׸ҪϢСͰӹǸˣһҪҸһʹʹζβá
˵꣬գŴ۾ŹףǶĹػ

⻰զôŤ·Լ᰾

һ˫ۣͷĲ
ƾҶ̣һ






9.  ھ   ı

Ҷз˹ףûзӦвɰ͵Ц:
ôңͺĹһɡ

Źүûɶļ󣬾ڼӰѾүүù׸ȥǹҪҡġ

һ鲻ԸΪ˹׵ҵͬĴģ

ү̾һҶ⺢ӻǹڵˡʽλʱܲܳɶһδ֪  

Թףүû˶ҶºͣʱͰȥסɡʱҪǻôһͷӡ
ĩβŨŨԳζ

ĿĴɣ̬ҲˣүүĻҪǹʵڳ鲻ҲȥһǰྡТ

׵ҲɺƭүӣʮҲ
ֻǿ˹˾ķæ̶ȡ

չ˾ǹһĴ˾Ϲݵļӳ֣һЩ̷׷и̸ͬһ׳һĶ

Ϊȷܹ˳Уæˡ

ڣҪ˳ưҲǺ

ûʲôҪãصլǴк
ǰ͹үӸƨɾˡ

ʱίˣȹСæ꣬Ҷú㡣
Ҷįɳϣүֹסϧ

Ҷ¶һ΢Цϲίûµүү⣬ù׸úæ

үһ̾

Ʋ̽ͷͷɫڲ֪бڡ
үʹ󣬾㣬Ҷ˵һ¥Ϣ

ȹ˕FصլҹլĵģӶҲصϢ

ͷһشİĵطϴҶ˯ž
ڴշת࣬۾ĵؿ컨壬˲ֻ֪˯ûϮǶӶܲס

ˣȥҵ㶫ӡ
ҶλƵشӴڲ¥Ŀأֻ΢ĵƹ⣬ǽС¥

ƽҶԼĶӣҵʲôԺأ

̧ͷ󼸸Ӳر̽ӣϵֻЩûõ

ֻǰһƬĿͻȻһյƣһ˴ԼվС

ůƵĵƹϣûůֻһƬš  

ϸ٣ݵʮʮ񣬵ףǰ˸䡣࿴ϼۣ·׹޾Ԩ

ҶӦ˾ǹ˕FԼҪҵĴȡ

ѹסļУӾֵпٵת䣬дһ˿ɲֺãǹ˕Fɣˣ

˕FӣƮƮһƳǸεεС

ӰںڰУֻĵƹҰף޷ò

һϯɫĳžɢںͷһ۲תоġ
ǳȴǱ˯ȹǸ˯ѣңӶ˼¶

ҶүΪδޡ
˕FջҶϵߣš

򵥵ĻӦҶʺתصķ䡣

˕FɤڻǴεĵͳ䡣
ɤҶģ벻˕FĺÿҲ

õص䣬ԺвͣزǶ
٣Ҷ磬˿ʼձ

AУҶûɲȥѣڶʰʰԼȥҶơ

ƽӵҶϢʱţֱĿҶӰı

ƣĻŵĺܡ˵ĶԣǳĲΡ
һ̧ͷ۾ǰδֹĴɲˣµһƬãȻ

ƵĺݺݵشʹԼСʲôй
뵽ҪûΣԼҺѾͻɳЩ飬㣬еıʹ

صӵȣµĻͿ޳ûбˡ
СųҶôգµá

ԿߵˣҶסˡ
ûԴޣֻ۽¼ᣬۡ

СûµģûµġһжԹȥġ

ҶƽһѪʳĹؼ
ǻԼأ飬ҶҶĸ˵

ҶͷڶƵļϣ㲻֪Ұⳡ⣬Ҫûóʲô֤ݡƾ˵һΣǲš

תͷ۵׵ɫ֣ؽ
ԣһ㡣ûʶһЩ׵̽Ƕޱ͹סξķչڽĳһ϶ĵǵƬ

סѵ֣㣬һס

ƣǿ֪˕FϲʲôŮˣ
Ҷʵ벻ͨɵһģʲôŮĶ

ҡҡͷҲ֪

˕F̫أAеȦҲй¼

Ҷ֪ǽǹ˼ҵӱĵһˣʱ

뵽۹һת˵˼ϲһģ˕FڹʲôŵŮûû˵˕FϲǸŮӡ

ûжãҪȥæڹ
Ϊʮߵľˣµ˲࣬ÿϻǻѹһ顣
ƣͷȻȥɣҵĺϢ

ҶŶȥӰͷЩ
Ըܹ˳˳˻顣



װլĵЩѾ͵֪Ϣ׷ױʾҪһɶף

˵Ҳ֣ڱͣΪȴһȺֺ֮ˣ֮͹׹ϵá

׵ЩѾܼҵȲϹ˼ңϺܷ񣬵ƫƫѡϷ˼䣬һӡ
ȥμɶԣȥ²մͨ

ƫƫԸⳡɶԱǹϵõĽ֮֯ġ

ҹ̫ȥ̨Ǻ

ͷ¶ȣƺ˸еƺص˶䡣
ưɰĳȵȴΪ졣

׸磬ˡСҿȺʱˡ
ӵİỷס˽֮٬

չ˾ԽæҪⳡɶԵ֯ǽ֮㣬׸ϯ

ˣԷ
׷ϻ˵ɴعóʿֽкá

ȵ¶ȣƾص׸ܵȡ
ֽ⿪˧˦һߣͻĺ¶ͷɶԸС

ȾһͷƷĽ֮㣬ɵضƱҡͷĺƣϲ׸磬ϲ˰

˵ŹϲĻȴǵ٩

ڶŵùˣ׵һժϵߣ¶ĵʵĸ飬

ǣһǴһֺ̣뿿ʱԼιϵתȦ޳֮ͽ
׽Žеĺһ

֮ͬҶң˵ҵļҲȲҶңǽ˵վǹ壬ңֻûˡ
ǹǸ߰ѪǲϲҶ˼ҡ

׸磬ҶôãѲҪһ˽飿
֮㲻ԸԼҵĺֵܱҶ˼Ⱦ

֮У㼱ʲôԺסϼа취ԭǴȢȥƿϧ֡

֮Ҳڹ׻عǳмҶ
ġѹֹ׻ᶯ˼

׸磬ƾݣҪʲôŮûУʲôÿϧġСͽмŮ˽

켣Щط֮Щν·
һͳ˼òŮ

Щˣûд뷨Ʒĺ˼

֮ȴһҲûмӾͺһüȥ˽һչ̬

һĻԺиֳޱӰ
ǣôŮˣ

ŲҪ嵹ǳʵ
ֻͨޱĵ绰




10.  ʮ   Ķ

ӵ绰ޱʣǿűע֣ǹûд
ĴٶʣǸȥ˾ưɡ

ưɵޱСϻѨ

ưɵĴɫɫˣű.¶ŵŲ̊Ϸҡ̨»
߻ӵдޱĻ롣

ߴããȺУѰҹ׵Ӱ

ޱһӹԹŮϢ˾ưڲ֪ʿע⡣
Щ˻߻׳ϣͳֻҪޱϵʽ

ޱ̧ͷϧ˼ҲҪӡ
Щ˱įջֻصλϺһƣȻʿǺ˵

ޱĳ䣬һƬѰҹʱһˡ

ۼһȺѪյʿǺҾƣ˵ŲĿĻ
ЩԺȾͷˣûأ˵źԽԽ

ƾֵ˫ظйٴ.£궯ѪҺ᲻ֵʣǱüͣҪŮ塣
ޱĳָжʵֵ

ޱһ˵ܾĻһûôõ

ȺϵЦɷ̬ȼΪӣС椣Ȱʶ㣬ҪƲԳԷơ

ֵ˰ޱΧס˵һɭĽ䡣
ÿһ˶ޱǰ׳ʵû˵һݺݵؿޱ

ޱЩûк£Ƕһ˵̵̬ǣǲԵģǷġ

ޱǲϵģиƢʧȥģȻ󣺡ֵǱϻֱӴߣҵҪôǣ

⻰ɸޱصһ֮£ϵľƿӡ
滹ûгʲôŵĽ

ϧƾޱû˭
ƿڿתһȦ׹أڵϷ޴죬һصˮ

ƿо׼ŭȺˡߣӣױسޱȥȭͷ

ޱۣȴʹ١
ϲûиܵʹۣǰ

ޱķɿ죬򼤶ϲãٸн

·ĸӢۣΣպ
һ뵽ޱĶˣߵĲҿס

Ȼ׵ɫȴÿ

ڰڣҵȣûеޱӰ
һǱ˵ȴĶ󣬻ûгζĹɫŵ˲ҿ̸

Ҳ͹ϵõĽ֮㻹Һ˵ϼ仰
׸磬СˬԼ

ǣǸҡеľƱӦˤ顣

Դӹ׳ûзôĻ
˿ֺ¡
ǸҪŮˣǵ𡣡

ŹһԲ߳š
ȥޱˡ

ֲ´Ľ֮׷Ħ°ֹͣסĺ棺
ŴӦͷһο˸һŮ˷ôĻ
ҪĸŮˡ

ɵǣޱڵڹװ档
Ⱥ˵ִڼңһűע⵽

֪ʲô˵ģȭͷޱա

аԲˬһ
ҪҵŮˣʹҵûУ

ǰɫɨȺ꣬еĺΪʵʣظǧС
ûнӴƵȺŵˣбľٶ

βĽ֮ȤؿһĻ׸簮һڰ
Ůٲڣ崿ģҲһζ

ֲ׸粻ϲҶҴС㡣
˼ĵӣʱ߶մ

еĹޱ֣Ųɿ죬ȥſ,.İڡ

ǹ׶һĽ,ղŹ״ӰԺﲻϵĲš
̫˧ˡ



Ϊ˽һ˽˕FҶ׼ĬĬ۲Ź˕Fϲá

һ˸硣

ϺðЦլӶ˴к
үүϺð
͹үӴк˕Fк˕FϺð
𣬸л

경Ĺ˕Fˮǽϻ䣬ʧ˼̻ϢҶϺá

õ˹˕FӦҶϵЦݸϵ΢ЦҪѵ档
λϣĵ緹

˼ҵķϽʳԣ޲
Ҷĵؾˡ

ڲϣĺЦ飬ùүЦ

үүºôţ
ǲСкʵӶ˼ҵĺӣ
԰үүô֪ģ

ҶڽľBȦӵ£ŵԵܣȻ.˴ñӣ˽ӾȻӶ˵ġ
֪Ϣܲס˹ȥ˼ҡ

ҶƾŹүĵλ֪ʲôϢûС
ǴûһҶһĵؽڶԴһúЦ顣
ǵʹ󣬿жİŴüɫأ

ܵҶĹģ鲻Ĺүϡһ롣

ү仯ù˕F࿴Ҷһۣ벻ҶСж˵츳
ûע⵽ԼҲõˡ

ʥˣҲĵˡ

Ź˕F緹ҪȥӰҶ˕F磬һûϵʽء

˕FȥĽŲһ٣ζĿ

ڿжӣ˭ҲûȰ

ү֪ԸĮ̬ȣûбʾҶ˵˼仰FϽȥϣѲͷ˵ĻҲˣ

˵꣬үסҶ֣ҪԺ˕Fвϰĵطүү˵үүȥ˵

˴͵Ĺү񲻻ῴҶϹⶺԼģԼԵͣ
ȥҶԼϱݣүӶҲ⡣
ҶмֵŮۡ

үⷬ˕Füëһû˵ʲôתóֻҶϡ
ͳȥ˾

ĿĴﵽˣԵ緹ҲˣҶҲûдıҪ
үү緹ԺˣҾ¥ˡ

صҶ¡
ԼģղӣΪԼеС˼ˡ

ֻ΢ϵˡ

˕Fͷ΢Դͷ
ǳƾ˵֣һ˼ҲûС

Ҷб̲סͺ²ۡ

˼主СŮƣ㿴ĺͼƬ
ҵġӵ΢Űȫ˵΢Űӵˡ
˼主СŮǿɲҲ˭
ҵġҾ֪ҵĽġ
˼主СŮƣ˵İѹ˕F׷㿴ȦģҰֵĶ˼
ҵġҪԼСŮܣһôܻò£

ҶһûһĺͺѶš

ҵġ´İйˡʽ

û˵϶پ仰ҶһαȽ⡣
ź˳졣

ͬڹ˕F΢ţҶ΢ſνǶ˶ʡ

΢ͷһֻèèЦһá
ȦһЩ򣬹ճĻܸÿҸ
衢ְ֡羭Ȧ

ֻһЩճķȴħһֱȥ
˕FûзӦѾһ·ӵִ˹ϼš
˹ڳȴ

첻ܾ˾ӾֻһĹ˕Fɫ˼Ļ͡

˾ţۣٿȥʱ
˕Fֻصı䣬·ղһĴ

˾˦˦ͷȻղԼˣôôᡣ




11.  ʮһ   ͷ

ȽϹ˕FҶǱƽķΧȴϡ

ܣǸʲô
ޱ飬ŭ졣

Ӣ۾Ӱĳ֣ޱǿŮֱ
·ϴ³ĸ첲

ܲǣҵĸ첲ˡ

һ㱡·ޱܹظܵƵĳȡ
ļ̲ס

ҹĺ紵ľζ˵ˮζӿޱǼ⡣
ζҡ

ޱ쵽УûкȾƣȴλƵģ˾һ
Ųһ·ק˳͹һ˺š

ȶƵζܣûй˼Ĺףϳ˵ֱӰͷпϣޱο

ޱŨҵİٺϻζش˹׵ıǼ⡣
ζͷֻۣû̹

Ĺ׷˸ֱӽͷޱĶ
ǡô

̫ǣǵޱԸܵ׵ĺ
һһ֮ޱĻ
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üͷЯŨصıţ
ƣܱյĳ֮˽

ޱֻóĿ̫ϡϡҪ
ܲõôô

̫ĶӰ뽩һߣŴķ羰

׵Ľλģưûжٵľ룬һ˾͵ִˡ

һ˲䣬ޱзŨҵĲ᣺
Ϊʲôڿһһ㣬ͿԺܲöһ

סеĲᣬͷ˯ŵĹףܲãѣˡ
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ȶƵޱֻܲ˷䡣

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뷿һ̣ѹһףƣ̱ǽߡ

룬첲ûûӳȥѹԼϴ  
ޱһ̧ͷ˵촽һδһ

ޱֵ۾ô
ʶҪƿס

ʶѵĹᣬ
˫ֽѹޱҶĸ첲ƾǳߵǼޱͶ뵽ⳡС

һ£ޱȫĵͶ룬ӳ˿հף˸տʼʲô

һӡӣֱޱصײͣ
ʱһߴﱻ

ǵʱ̫ޱͷκģֲ嶫
ܲãԲ𡣡

סѣεԴҪվȻʱĺģδվ𣬱ص£ˤڵϡ

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һסޱָס°ͣͷǡ

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û뵽飬һж
ޱͷ߼ˡ

Ƿֶޱ̫ݣһѾ¥ԸӶ˰̲ࡣ
ĸоù鲻һϾЦݡ
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ʵ̫ˣûзֻüͷˣˡ

ͷҲһ̧һǲס

ʱͷвãѹסŭ𣬶߹ȥеǿӲˡ

ޱǣ˫һӣֻѵһ׹أ˹һֵࡣ

һٶë˹ףЦããǺüˡ
ϵ㣬ѩذĺ

סޱ°ͣȥ

ŷ˸˺ܶεǱûбų˵顣

ϵ̫õʱ䣬ޱִ﹫˾ʱѾٵˡ

ܲͬʱ鴦档

ȹ߽ܲðһΧϣнǺ棬ޱôô٣ôܲͬʱ

ޱعϷ飬õ䣬ϰŤͷش˵⡣

³һԿޱ飬ͷżˣզ˵

뵽ԼĿǰݵĽɫͦޱߣһû𣿡

׺ݣ޲ðǵƤһ

ʾͲʣʲôסһԶˡ

Χ۵뿪ˣޱ̧ͷм֮Ա

ûˣ˵˵Ƿʲô
³һĵǣޱ⵽ʲôҡ

ԿˣޱĵﲻԸ⽲ʲô

һعˣȥ³۾˻ϺֵܲĲ졣

³ץסеص㣬ϣѲޱСӻܲסһ
ޱǺ͹סһ

ޱһʱûзӦ
⣬ɫ죬ૣûС

˵³ް
᲻֮ǰˣޱǹܵݣС.ˣ
Ҫúù۲۲졣

ţ³һĹػ̬ȳȻ͵ͷܲõǸָ͹ȥˡ

õ𰸵ޱû䣬Һú롣
Ŵڹλϣѳ³һԣûע⵽ԽԽڵ



ҶϹ˕F΢ţɲǿȦô򵥡

11ʱҶֻԭڴֻһԾ𣬴򿪺͹˕F롣

˼主СŮ˕F磬ʱ䵽ˣûгԹأ

ʱĹ˕FڰͷæڹүûֱӰܲõְֻǰһְܾλ
ڹĹ˕FڹڵĹ˾תǺ
үӴȹ˕FϤٿʽ

ǸһĹҲ٣ڹ˕F緹ʱ仹æڹ
ĬĻ˸û

Ҷŵؿ΢ţţϢϢ
ֻ³ϢɿĴ꣬˕FܾĻᡣ

˕F磬Ǹ֣ɲܲԷѾϵþƵĴǻܿ͸͵һҪ԰
ŷһèèͷı

ȻҶϵǼƵĸˣȥϼŸ˕FͷһҪ㡣
ܹ˕Fûͬ⣬ٷһҪ͵

˕Fֻ漸ӵʱ䣬˵һ֣ƣСֶô

Ͼõϱһģ˕F΢ЩĶӣһμ̵Ļ˸š




12.  ʮ   

ôͬҶϢϲ⣺˕F磬緹׼ĺ΢һ㣬ұ֤ܿͻʹᵢ̫ʱΡ

ҶҾƵĳvipͻķԸƵ꾭ʮֵĵӣе
Ʒµɣ˰Сʱ

֣֮Լ԰Щʳװ´
ĵȴʱ̫Ҷ᲻ˣԸµȥȥһҪٶʹʳǧҪˡ

Ҷָĵطǰ̨Сͫ׵
òŵĽ

ȲһװģͨС粻һ
Ķа˸һ˿

ǰ̨СóԾʵʣҪ˭

Ϊ˿ʹһ·糾͵ĸٶȿɿ죬 
ڳͷȴ˲ٵĺ˵
ҶС㣬רŸ˕F׼͡

˵ǰߵʱСԳһҶڹ˶ˡ
˵ڶʱеԽ˕FⲻεĹܾ˼Ҵ١

ѲǰյҥԾȻģҶҴСҪ͹˶

Ȼǰ̨СѾ˴룬ǱŹ˾³˵ûܾԤԼǲܷȥģ鷳ʾһԤԼƾ֤

Ϊ͸緹Խɣû뵽ᱻż
СãɣҸ㿴һºҶҶҴС¼ܿ԰ɡ

ǰ̨Сûάһ΢ЦŶҪܱҪʾйصƾ֤

µǰ漱ת֪Ǻá
һ׳ɫӲǼκ죬ͷҲʼð

ʱʱӵܲæĸ

һ۾ͱ˶ߵ緹ס
ҶС׼緹
δҲ̫ˡ

ǰļУ˻ûеִͳ緹˰ɣܷԸá

벻Ϸ࣬ʵҲء
ӹԺֱһڵݿƶ

ʱ˲࣬ûбɺһΧۡ

鴦˻ûȫɢȥĴڹλæڹ
ôһѵĶֺ鴦˺䶯

ʲôôһ磿
΢֪һˣǸղܾԸȥõģ

⻰һõĺܾ˵˵ʲô˭͵ģ
еĻŮģʲô
ǲδϰ͵ģ
浽ʲôôһ䡣

һ·̧ƣߣڻҪشЩɫɫ⣬ƣش𣬰˕Fѹţ
ҲҲ֪Ҫ֪ȥܾ

Žʱ˕FҲˡ
ղҶ΢˵緹׼һ㣬û뵽ôࡣ

˕FʧЦСƢԡõģ͹

ʳﱻ㱣ĤסЩԵø

뿪˰¶ʳԭģˮġǰߵȣһǹ˕FϲʳĺϲĿζ

˕FүǰʱҶۣ˵Ҷġ
ʱţ޷ĺ紫еҶϵ

ҶҪAдһʱ䣬ִ򿪺Ҷ¼

˕FתʮԪ
˼主СŮţ

Ҷ㿪΢ţΪ˕FʲôϢյһתˡ
˕Fʲô˼

˕FǮ
˼主СŮ
˕Fʣµľ͵㻨Ǯ

ֹ֣Ҷػź͹˕F¼
ǳô뷨

ҶûǮ˕Fתһ˹
˕Fת10Ԫ
˕F㻨Ǯ

ΪҶҵСҶȱǮˣ緹ʹֺõζȻûµɡ

ûж˕Fһתһˣ
˕Fת10Ԫ
˕FҶԺһˣǮ¡

˕FȻ˵Ҷ˼Ҳˡ

˕Fڶ濴Ҷ£ͣµĵֻ֣ڿϽעת

һԵ棬ǹں˭죬ĵôã
òǺҶҶСɣ벻˭

ľоԼ·֪һβΪ֪顣

ϵȹ˕FصլʱҶɵɳϵ

νֶ̡̣

Ե޹ʵ˹˕F30ԪҶԴ̬ȸ飬
үүһ뵽Ҫǹ˕FһڲϳԷǶôĹ¶

үȰҶ䣬õСӡԣԷ

Ҷꤣζķ˴Ρ
ʿˮܾ˹үӵ룬ǿصȴŹ˕F

ͥԺڡ
Ҷ۾ǹ˕Fˡ

˕Fһĺü䵭

˕F磬ˣûг԰ɡõķ˶˳

Ҷ鱻˕FĻһɶ

ˣڹ˾Թˡ

Ҷԭ˵ˢһʧסŭ˵Ǿͺá

뵽ԼղɵɵڵȴŹ˕FеĻԽ
ˡ

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һһãĹ˕FΪʲôҶһԲϾ뿪

үԻӣȥFһ˹µŶӵ㡣

ɵҶͷһүеԹ˹˕FŸʲôϽȥ壿

˕FüģҶҵôӵģίҲܡ



һ죬ޱĲɣ˵ĽкҲһûһ磬սľĶȹһ졣
Ĺ׻ڹ˾ʲô

һСԼˣ׸ޱĸܣҲ

һæڹ˾

˕FΪϼŵܾûֻڼŵĹϹ
˵ǹү۰ӣװղסүӵ뷨
үүʲô˼ϼŵļ̳ߵ˭

֮ԻͷүӻᰲΪϼŵļ̳ߣΪүӸװŵĹ˾Ǽ׬Ǯļӹ˾֮һ

ձҵͰŽȥ˕FүӶԹҲûŴ

ܹүôţԼŵļ̳һְڱصá

Ŷ̵ĺͬ˼֣Խ÷æ

°ʱ䵽ˣ鴦½½ˡ

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й۲סޱȥ·
Сһ£ܲýһȥ

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鷳ܲ˵һҡ֪ˣһȥ

ޱϸſ־壬˫а¹ˮӻ΢΢  

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ޱܵĻصλϣƲ֡

³û뿪ǰһĻеɻԽĴ
ޱô°ôˣ

ѻޱҡҡͷû³

³Ҫ׷ޱʱ̤Ų˳

ޱһĲ⣬϶ʱܲϽϣ

³ɿޱ֣ŲʣԶ





13.  ʮ   ͺ

ǰţޱںС鲽ĸţ֮Զ
һƾ;ùϵͷ㲻¡

³ζԴпЦ뷨˦ȥ  

׿綯ǰţִﳵʱĳλϡ
ԭõ飬ޱίСϱಽ˳ظںͷúת

תޱһƬУһѽ䱧𣬱ڡ

ܣǸʲô
׸ղͻȻľٶޱһɵԹס

ûлش𣬷Ը˾AĹġ

Ȼһ̣ޱ
ҵŮˣôԴ˵·

ͳصĴ׵仰ޱģ
Ҫ뿪ףܣſңҲְĽٵˡ

ײŭЦûаޱ仰ϲҲãϲҲãǻһֶҪԼע⡣
ǿȵƸޱͷԺֵ·ͲҪˡ

ܵޱ׼ϵޱѡ
ޱߣƶħԹԵģȻ

вĻã˵һ룬ޱͣԼĶ
ӣɵĴڹ׵Ļ

ֱӵִﹺģ߳⣬ޱжüɳڡ
Ȼʱӣ΢һ£۵ɫŤˡ

׼ޱûиһתͷޱŤơЦһޱ̳

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Ŀ֮£ޱ̧߳ܵͷˣԼ˹׻
赲Χ˵

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ⲻǷϻŮѣʲôǵĴڻ

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ΪŮѿҸָ˧

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ޱͷһν߶˵ĵԵþִٲ۾ŹףߵޱߵҿҶ

ۼĵԱһ 
ûһ۵ǧԪ·װõ  
ޱϵ·ûһǸ߶˻һЩвֵɫ

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ޱ㲻ģǸ߰Сè˶Ū˼

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Щ·ҪҲøҪݲþܾ

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𣿻죬ҿ㴩·
ޱʶӦ£׵ŭһ֡

ޱһ·һͷۡ
¾ģ׬ǮͰ·Ǯܡ



׺ޱǱأҶ͹˕FͬҲǡ

˕FվҶǰһΣղҶһߵģ
ɤӣҶţҶңš

СǱ˵ҶҶٵȱˡ
ͷһص˻Ÿӣͷֱըˡ

ŭίӿҶԽԽί

Ҷſ˕Fûǵ˼ͳֻͺѶ߿ࣺ

˼主СŮƣ㶼֪˕Fж𡣱СŶӵԷɵãڹ˾ˡǣҵôá

ҵġȵȣȷǹ˕FĴ

˼主СŮôͲǰˣñСŮôã

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Ҷͺĵ߾þûеȴӦĹ˕Fͷ۵Լüģ
͵ǿ緹ķϡ

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ò׼յطһϢѣŭʲô͵Ůӣ

Լ20ꡣ
յϢһЦҶС㣬ܣҵľ飬 ϻ˵ĺãΰٲ

ҲеȥHеİȥ

ʱꡱһҶҵſˣ¶һεС

˕F⣬Ҷ飬˼֣˕F磬ղҡҲ㷢ġ
СûеǸҶŤˡ

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ư͵Ӧ£á

õ˴ӦҶһɨղŵľɥ˕F𣺡˕F磬æţϼǵϢ




14.  ʮ   ׽

ڶһ磬ޱӴΥ׵·һ

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Ĺףע⵽ޱԥ˳ĳôûһҪŵ𣿡
ᣬ˲

ޱΡΡشѡһΪΪصȹ

ѻڵ֯ȹϣȹϵ׺黨崿ĸо˲͹Գ
ͷɢԺ󣬺ϵĺȹãгżѩӡ

һЦ۾ﲻ£̲סҪȾϺڡ
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ܡܲã·ˡ  

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˼ŽҪţ䣬ѹͷ뷨

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ڴ죬ӻǿ͡

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ޱɲһôûдװ
ޱȹÿİİпҲȥ
ޱͦÿҪһ쵽װôÿһҪûˡ

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³Ͼͱϳȹӣǵ¿Ҫ
ĽؿޱޱޱĽ··ɹ󰡣һҪü򡣡

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·ˣôô

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ЩĿصͷûʲôһΪͦ˵ġ

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õޱӦĳ³ϵٱ仯ûиղŵίȵޱĸ첲ޱޱϻʲô飬ܸ˵

صλϵޱ̾ȹӿô찡



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Ӷ˿е֪˕Fܲϰߵġ
ҶͰı磬һܲ

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Դãֱ治˕Fٶʲô˼

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ϸŨҵĲľ㴫ӹ˕F˳˕F磬лл㰡ûпǰ·ȻҾҪײȥˡ

˵꣬ԼԴϽǰյɫ

Ժ󣬹˕FòջԼ֣΢΢ףܲ·

ɤܲĴԣضҪˡ
Ҷ֣߶еġ

ʱڣͷӿ
ҶѹԼ˼רںͷܡ

վǾˣҶʮӾͽкۣҪͣϢ
˕F磬ҡܲˡ

ҶĽк˕FͣԼǰ·
תûϧ˵ܲڼֻ֣һ·ˡ

ʵܲҶҲܱģóƽ͸ĸ̬˕F磬ܲ

ǧذתﺬ޻һ

ĻҪ𣬹˕FԼˡ

еЧҶٽζŹ˕Fĸ첲˕F磬òò

˕FŴޱͬˡ

ҪܲˣҶɨղŵƣȸԾ߸˵Ź˕Fĸ첲Ҫܡ

Ҷߵһ룬ŷӦԼڸʲôεطǣŹ˕F첲

˕FƤͷ˕F磬˼

żıǰߣŲ֪ʲôֵС·ϷС

ҪڳһĻһɴ۾Լܲʲôʱô˵һŮǣ֣

Ҷ˵ıӰ˕FĮѵõ¶һЦݣ
滹һСӡ




15.  ʮ   

경صڵҶ۵ɳϣ

үƼôۣȰ˵̫ˣѧЩ˼ʡ

үүǼʣȥ塣һȦ˵еۣܲ˼ˣĿ£˶ˡ
ҶЦź͹үӽ˵ŵʱ۾¶˷ܵĹâ

үүҸ㽲ղ棬˹˕F磬Ȼͳˡ

ⷬٶү£Ŷ

ҶҪĲ֣Ҫغȹүӽ˵ʱ顣

ȹ˕Fϴ裬·¥ϾͿҶ͵Ц˽Сꡣ

˕F¥Ӱϵת䣬Ϥ΢Ц
˕F磬ϸоúðԺҺܺһܲ

˕FûļڣүӵĹ˕FֱܾһFɡ

Ȼүӿ˵ˣ˕FӦ£ƽϲ²͸ʱ顣

˼լӵ糿һƬֵķΧжȹ


˰ޱԾظڹ׺棬ͬһؼҡ

źȵƽҪæһࡣ
Լ㵽°ʱ䣬鴦˴󲿷ֻڸλϼ

ޱͻȻȥû⡣
ܲü粢ſһȥͷһؿһ棬鴦̾˺䶯

ڽһ֤һ

ܲڳǼװæֻ
뿪˴ţӰʧ鴦ը˹У졣

ԲۣûпޱǺܲһȥ
ǰɡûпޱ͹𣿡
ǵģûпġǣֱš
ȵȣôһȥ
ɵܲúޱ˲ݣָ˼ͬһط

ڴһΪԭʱ˲һ

ҾòҮǿޱ͹׵ˣ˵ݣˡҲ˵ģ˵ղ߳ȥʱݻ῿ô˸Ӷȥ˵ֱ۶ҪнӴ

Ǻܿ˷ǲǼ˼ҳñÿܹô˧ݣúõĴĹϵҪʲôģ

ǡǣ˻Ҫ˵ЩʲôһѱԱߵͬ°ס

˺ˣʲôϵֲҪݻǱʲôϵ֮ǲܵĶ󡣱ˣڻкܶڵɡ

һˣ鴦Ľ죬תͶ뵽С

ղǷɵĻ޺ۣûʲô˵ºۼ

ҹAѤöˣ·Ե޺ںڰ˸ʮɫ˵ۡ

ڳϵޱͷŲĬĬעӳľɫ״Ľڳһû˼ͳ

һ·ǿ̳·ޱޱȾᣬҪôڡ

ųԽԽӽ̳ϸ۵˫Ź׵װףǸˡܣһܲܰѳͣǸ̳

Ŷ
ɻؿȥߴѹȡ

ߵע£ͷһװеޱӽŵһţ۾˼Ŀطֺʶץŵأ䲻ɵȾϺΡ

ޱľȣջߣǼⷢһߣͬ⡣

ޱĺһղŵĹܿȥ̫ˡ

һεִ̳ſڣһȻһ·ԵĲݶȴŹС

ܶƹӶģҶƬˡ

ڽӵҶ󣬶ϾϵԼϵһƷԱ֤̽

Ȧˣʶʲô̽ȫǹУؼʻβ룬ЩϢˣƬҪߵַ

òɸѡƷˣ֪ﳤĵһ

ûз飬˼Ҳӡ
Ϊ˼Ψеӣƽǰбڣѽӽ㡣

ΪƽеĳϰװĲȫǷģֹܹŵ

ⲿˣޱҲͻơ

һü죬ޱ°඼Ǻ͹׳ųţſڶ׵ҲײޱƬ

Ҷ޶ı꣬Ϊʱ꣬ҧҧһа취ؽ˹һĳƺš

㵽󣬲٣м
һҲûȥרŶڼſڸĿŽ

һСʱȥˣСʱȥˡ
ʱڵȴţնȵĺеĿȲ֪˼Ϣһµĳûг

ڹϢʱ׼ʱһ͵ݻıӹλõĴǰ

ǰΣĳͣʶעţĿת磬ע˲伯ϡ

뿪һ֡

пһ۾Ϥһۣ
ҵѽⲻǸƺ

Уٲ죬´ټлһ𣬼ææ뿪ȹݣ׷ϡ

һ· ûиһ·β浽ͣͣھλá
ԣܲ׽ǱߵĶ

˲ϣûжùоͿŮӳģ·𿴵СǮǮԼĿڴ




16.  ʮ   ݺ

ޱӳͷҲصֱ̳ȫȻûע⵽Ա߿ġ

̳˿͵ϢһڵȺﴫˡ
Щûϰĵôɾʹλ˿ͽ컹ܹˡ

˵Ⱥû˿͵ͼƬǴǵд˵һεӴһŮӡ

ޱһ̤ʱĵԱȫӭ

崿˵ģϻŵôôȺǸ˿͡

С㣬ҪЩʲô
С㣬·Ҫ𣿡
С㣬·Ҫ𣿸ʺŶ
С㣬㲻翴ǵеƷŶ

ޱ޴һԣЩĵԱӦ

죬૵˵ǸҾҪһһȹӡ

иͬûзӦޱߵһߣСҵҪʲô룿

ǰĹ̺˳ֵʱλЦС㣬鷳ʾһ±Ĺ

ޱãȻؿ

ǵģǱȹӣֻǱĹʸ򡣡
ǵޱЯˣĵز䵽СЯĻûйϵֻҪ˵ֺϵʽǿڵϲѯ

³ԭû򵽣Զ˵С˼ҪޱĹ

ⷬޱסûʸܹĹ涨

ûпֻܺ͵˵һҪſ𣿡

⻰ɫ˲ͱˣӣûпȴܴͲȺ˵ô˿ָͣǱʲôˡ

̬Ҳûиղŵ飬ΪĮС㣬ûпͲ򡣡
ͷҲһ£ͷæԼȥˡ

ޱŭҲ𣺡Դ˿;̬ȣ

һ£ӷһߣʲô̬ȣҲԼǻɫ˱Ϣļһ

ѻ˵ʲôʲôɫ

ߵԱע⡣

һǽػͬ£һǳµĹ˿ͣ˭ⲻԵ

˺ˣ˿͵ǸΪôԺ͹˿ͳ
ǲԼͬվޱǱߣȫǶָ

Ǹƾʲô˿ͣĹûУ·֪ǰͽĸģ˻ǹ˿ͣ
Ǻεıġ

˻һڳĵһѲɲ´ˣǸ˿ͣ

ϸ۲ޱϴȹɲزסԱ
ǲ´ˣްա

ǰͷĻѾ£Ȼûзˮɡ
˵ȰƽϢⳡ

˫ֿտյޱŭ˳죬дŲˡ

ôˣ˭㲻ˣ
ܵޱŭ𣬹׵ɫҲѿ򹷻Ҫӣ˭ϻͷϰë

ǹѯʣޱͷŭһ룬ĿİĽ˸ղŵ顣

飬Ҿͽ˰ְλ

û뵽취ޱϳž֣ǲǲ̫ðɣ

һ˳ͷȻʲôӦܵĳͷ

ĸоĴͷӣޱӶݵĳֿհףŤҪ뿪
û׵ĻҵӦ£ԼǰĻ

û⣬ޱ복ΪҲȫˡ

ȱ󣬹пܵؿ
һϵĶջЩƬ㹻һüǮ

ڶһ磬

³ڴأ鴦ȴޱֿտմſڣõıס

³㣬˼ȹҪ򡣡

û򵽳³ȹӣޱļΪΣֲһ˵ŽĻ³㣬ҪɣʲôҪҰɡ

һ磬ޱͬǺһװ硣

ɫ֯ȹϣ³ôôۡ
ǿάϵƽûе𣺡ˣһ£һġ

ޱĻشתߣ³ִΪޱԸԼޱģа취Լ򣬾ǲԸֲǲǮ

ǰʱİι˹ˡҪһСæⶼϡ
ԽԽĳ³ڹλûа취ע˼ڹ 
ŵϵҵЭ飬һ뷨

ŭʹĳ³һֻҪޱϻʲô

ĵ̽ͷܡ
鴦ĵأͬǵͷæԼ飬û˹ע³ߡ

³»ϲҲ




17.  ʮ   ˻鵹ʱ

صڵĵϵһŵҵЭ飬¶˹Цݡ

ŪԺ̧鴦˶λϣUޱ

΢΢ܲܰæһæ

ţ

ҶеۣϾҪˣļûдӡ
³˫ַŶӣ΢΢£

ޱûлɣеʵ³㣬廹ŵס𣿡

еۣ
³϶СĴָסu̾ҵػζͼޱע⡣

³Ϳȥɡһӡġ
ޱ֪ע⵽U̡

֣Ҫһߣų³ķ

ޱôһƣ³ûϵԭأָϹסu̱˦

̸֮ûѹҲͬ¿˹³ɫôôŸϽȥҪ˿ᡣ

һụŵڹͬ£U´βҪӡ
ע⵽³ѿɫҲȰ˳³㻹ȥɡ

ӡҪѶʱ䣬ޱܿˡ
ڴӡҵȣûеȵ³ĳ֡

³㣬㻹ûкϾҪʼˡޱͳֻʵ

ޱޱһҪһʱ䣬ܲܰҰڻںá

õģ³㡣Ҫ㰡
ûʵԸΣʹޱԥӦ¡

ޱϣı˻ҡ
黹ûпʼҿһˣɭտˡ
ֽķЭ飬תߣһҲԸ⡣

10㣬׼ʱʼ³󼸷ӽ

³ڻ
ʻǸղ鴦ˡ

³һ΢Цöˡ

һĻչ۵ףõüͷһʾ档

ڹײõ۹У졣

鿪һ룬׶ϵЭ飬潻׵ĽԲԾ𣺡Э˭𰡣ҹ

װϵЭˤϣһ졣

նȻ֮С

ڳһ˭ͷ͸ͣ뱻ⳡŭǣ
ǵ³׷һѺ

ȴУŲæվܲãЭȻҸģǷЭȴǸ

Ŷ㵹˵˵˭
Ϊǳ³ĽƱ磬ŭˡ

ޱʱҶۣίæӡŽġ

ҲͣģʱλԼԼ
ȷôһ飬³ոսʱһô
ޱĹɡ

һƨ£Цؿޱޱƽ߶ѣ
Ըȥޱн

³ͦذͷµġ

ޱԻ󲻽⣬֪ľ¶ţ³㣬ôҡ

ޱ޹ı飬³мһˣ
װʲô棬˭

鶼ֵϣҲͲνˣǣ˵⻰˭˵ôЭԣҽӡUļûдŶ

ӻͳỤڰУλǲŵĻԵӳ

UͳǸ񵽵˵ףụǽޱġ
ȴڳÿһһ

³¶˵óѵ΢ЦŵؿŴĻϲŵݡ

һзŹȥһһֿȥ˿

ܲã֤ҵĴһת޲ðޱңôȻޱĴȻӦеͷ

ޱףͳ³Լģô᲻ԣôԼĴ
ٿĪ磬ſǻܣңĲҸɵġ

滨ᣬۡ  

׵ԭƫޱޱԼ۸û˿ֵ˼
³ȻһҧޱĴĻб֤𣿡

³סϵ΢Ц
֤ݶˣܲûҪ㣬.ˡ

ܲãҪ֤ݣЩ֤
³ֱ׳һҲ顣

˿³ڿ޿ޱ֪׸˭

˷ʱ򣬹׵ȡ󷵣һƵǳ³Ķݵļء

ڴϲ󣬹ЦνûеĴ

ޱҲƵһõĳ³
ܾСһʳ³³㣬ΪʲôҪ

ᣬ˿û

³û뵽׻ڰ칫װء
άԼĸ߰Ըش

ûеõ³شޱ׶԰СûеõǹίصͷƲ֣ӿͷžһ£ۿ¡

֪ޱĵָĵָԼ׵һ˲ʹ³㲻ݺͬ£޻ڸ֮ģչ˾ӭ㣬ְɡ

⻰³񣬡ܲ㲻ԴңңҴӺѧ㲻ԡ

ֻ֮ôο޹
ӻ֣Ȼ˰ѳ³ϳȥ

½½뿪ޱɳУͣ¶ѻһ̲ˮ

ޱ޸ͣȥᣬˣΪһŮ˲ֵá

ǿӲʰ˽˶ĳ³߷߲ƽȥ˾ŵһ·߱ޱ

·ſʱһۣһֱס

ֻޱ͹û˵ĵطȡ
ǽǶȥ˵ƺҪϡ
Բݹϵ

ǰʱ䣬˾˲²µ˵ͷ

ϷˣƭķŭŶԸϳŵĲ³۾
³ɺۻһóֻһĻ

Ȼصֻ͵ƬԽԽʡŭʹʧȥǣԱϱϣ

չ˾鴦Աڴʵٱ鴦ʵϰޱ
ʵϰڼ䣬ûкú÷ӰţȻʵϰ׶ι..˾ϰ塣ұԼͷ˵ҥԡƾҥԣȻܸԼĹ  

β˸ղ͵ĵͼƬԼĹ֤
³̫ͻȻûüջĹ֤

λһϾ顣

ȥöİΪŮӣô顣

Ϲˣؽһ˫ûпŵۣӣװ˻ô𣿡

ǣǿ쿴·ⲻǼҵҾͲţһʵϰб

̳ĵԱ֤ͼбϵŮƷȷСûʸ·ƫƫҪ򣬺͵ĵΪԭִ˰Ҫ֪֮

ǰɲǰɣôҪ˰ɣͱȥ£װʲôӡΪдľЩ·𣿡

޸ù˾˵һ°鵽ôİ·˳ԹϳԵĺ۰

Ǿǣչ˾˳һ˾û˵𣿡

#չ˾##ʵϰޱ#ȴһСʱʱͱѣѸٻ𱬡




18.  ʮ   ˻飨һ

Ҷеһ֪ϢҶ, ʱĵڴֻʱƷϢ
ҵġƣȥΧ, ȥгϢ

Ҷһ, ޸п, Ȼξзչһ

ξ, ԼʱԹף׺ޱ鱻ͱ, ҲΪǱ˱ģҪɢԼ͹ס

, ׳ٿ, ڷϳޱֻ֮ͨ¼ϵ, Ƭǳ³ģҺýǶ, ԼĶ, ֻҶʸΪԼӡ

ʱԼϲ֮У¸ĸһٷ, ҲҪ͹׶, һһҪ˵ǣǰǰڵȻӡ

ƾ¶һԾΪϹ
Ӣ, ˾۵ˣ޿ƥеļңһʱ˺ܶã׷  

Ҷֻޱ͹ܵƬԳһЦ
ôԵĹϵξԼȻܺ, ȻǱԻͷԡ

ֻûж̽Ե㻹

˼主СŮƣûµġֻȻ󲨺ˣÿ˻顣

Ҽġûľͺáȵġңȵ˻ƾôõҪʲôûС

˼主СŮˣƣ㰲ŵ̽ŵôˣʲôջû

ҼġҪҵ̽ûҵһɿĹСȻûĵʲô̼ƬһЩ

ưѹз˵Ƭһȥ

յЩƬҶ¶һЦףܵİ

ϻȶȣûбѹ£ҶͨҶĵ绰

ҶȻŴ󲿷תҶдĹȨʹԾҪμεʱɶᡣ

ϣ˿ؽżʱĹ滮չ˾ĺ

ͻȻһŮ绰ˣŮ绰ˡĵ绰

ΪҶŮҶһصĵ绰

ҶһֻܣƲ»һˣŮ˵ʲô顣

ŻͲҶظܵҶż͹УίһӾӿͷ˵϶ſְ֣֡ȥΧײ۸ҵġ

ҶĿ⻹ˡ
Ҷæȥˡ

Ҷûпȫݣǿǰ֣Ļѹס
һĿʮдԵؿֱ꣬ӽӳصڵϡ

űңקҶϳ棬ͷʹô簡ñ۸Ҳ֪

Ҷ౻ק۵һǷʲô
ʱʲôҲûз˵Aи⿪ġ

ŵڻԻĶӣҶһȥϵϢ˼Ҿ̣ǵı

ҶɻΧ˺ҶһĶϵֻķѣûһõĵط

λ飬㤵ĿǰһĻŵԶԶģλôĻ𣬿ҶС㷢ʲôõ顣

ŵҶ̲ס˵˾໰ֻзŭԴõģ֮ǰĺ㡣

ףǾͳȥǹ˼ˣҶҵıɲ۸ġ

йһͨҶƽָǣȲҪ֪ʹˣܲЩ̼

Ҷ뵽۰õ裬Ҫ֪ıЩҪʹȥ
ͷһʹǺҶһ޵һۣĹ⡣  
ģһҪù׸˵

ŭɶҶϸŷɻǰAУһ·ɻֱ˼լ

ڷɻǰѾ͹үˣ鲻˵ûģҶȫ͹˼ƴһƴҲҪи˵ù˼֪ҶҼҵױȲϣҶҲǺ۸ġ

үŵ飬ǿ˥ܵŹ׻
ô˵Լ۰ƽЩǱԵ

үҶųüְοģ˼ҾԻһ˵㱻۸ȥҪǹ쵰˶Բ飬үүǸġ

æںĹף֪ʲô϶ԴѾַ졣

ῪһĹͻȻгɫÿһʵ
ʲô𰡣ܿٽ




19.  ʮ   ˻飨

, ׵ɫ׵ת䣬ֳǵɫүүʲô𣿡

һ, ԭӹǲõĹүԽ˥, ӼҴҽлع˕Fһɼһߡ
˵, ױܵķӦǹү⡣

ĬĹ۲׵ı, СذֻΧѵһѵݵǰ

Ϣ, ׵һıڣǿԼڻҰοޱĺ, ɫ
³, ġǶĳͷ̫ˡ

û˿, ֮ȥ顣
޵ӱ޵ĸϻع˼ҡ

鿪һ, ϰ, ֳֻмΡ
˷׷ײ²Ƿʲô

ҵЩ˽翴ѣ֮ǰֵб۵ҥԣһĥ, ²ſڿӡ

ЩæϢ, ӦΪ

ٵ꣬¶һµķӦ, ȥǰɡһΪޱǹܵݣû뵽Ĺϵ

缸²˹ϵһˣʱⰺôû˵ɡҾ˵֮Ĺϵһ, ʱǻš

˭뵽Ȼޱ˰ܲһΪҶأ

ȵȣҶô죿Ǵ͹𣿡

ôˣǮ֮ȥˣ˵˽¸أ

ʲôָҶأ

ҵ۷׷ף˼ǹҶҶԹ׵ļ֡

ֵô˕FҲ˹

ڹ׻ؼҵ·ϣүڿϸذοҶ
ȹФүүú

ӦүӵǣҶϸ΢ĳ
˫棬һûһµ޴ıС

ҶǼҶģǰֵˣίҶԱߣæҵغš
ҶᣬҶŰ׾ӲǱƳ˺ɫ

ϵĹ˕FԹۣҶƾ׾ӵݼŻסҶҸӣ̻¶һ˿ȤмֿϷζ

աաٵؽŲҶҸϵ㣬ŭ嶢ŴæĹףף㻹

ǸؿˣҶ鲻˵

ҶĳЦζ㵹˵˵ʲôİ
ɫȫȻҵҪ㣬ܱʲôɡ

ͣͣŲæ˵ϱϵŮԱͱġԭڹݱˣԼĴڱϡݵԱޱ

ҿѹλϣҶҵԱ˳찲ο˼䣬˭֪ԱĵϣĽǶȡĿģ޷ǾǴڱ

ҶԹ׵ĻŰɣҲƵ顣
ô

ҶԹⷬͰ㶼ţǰʱ͹׵̸Ҷǿ͸Ըˡ
̶̼ʱͻõ̬ȣ췭ظĸı𣿸ı䵽ȥˣ

ģҶ¶˼ЦЦҲ֪õ㡣

׻Ҫ˵ЩʲôҶϣǹ׸磬ôЩƬء
̧ҶǸƶޣûյɣǰ

õ˵ǱҶϣﱾͷơ
ڻҪظղŵĻ⣬Ҷһı飬ûвͷҶãЩƬղſǽ͹ˡǽǶ⣬ҸޱװףʲôϵҲûССǱһЩϲˡ

𣿹׸硣Ҷȷŵʵ

Ҷãġ׸Ⱳӳ˭ҲȢû˱ʺҡҶҪǲĵĻ׸ԺŮһԶ῿ĳһŮԡͷЩ˾䣬Ҫɢ
Щ֤ĻײҪǮһһһ˵

ҶĻһ׸磬ЩƬôһ£
뵽׻ˣξһЩûƭҡ

ڽܵƷƬ̾ͳϴһƬ²ƹ׵

ֹҶͼӻͳһƶòƬһЩƬѩһ׷£䵽ﶼǡ

µÿһƬȫʾޱ崿
ͬǣݻıǰֻ̤뿪

ЩƬҶϸӻʲôס

Ҷֱӳ˹׵һȭ.

Ҷһʧ뵽֮õĹףоȴһӣѲݸˡ
뵽ͰŮиˣһ¡




20.  ڶʮ   ˻飨

綯ֵҶ, ŻˣסԭأĿҶһĻķ

һȭ, Ҳˡ
ƾ, Сû˸

һȭ, Ҷʮʮ, һȭֱӽ׵
ױİϾͺ, ߸ߵĹ𣬾õͷ, ִֺ

ǣһ, ۵ùס˻Ľһ
߱, ۾յɫ

׿ɲʲô͵ӣҶһȭ, Ͼ͵ȭҶ

ȭͷЮŷϮ, Ҷͬܵһ˲ʡ
һȭ޹˼, ص뷨, Ҷ³һѪ

ҶһѪȥڵ޵޻, Ź׵ĺġ

ڹ׿ڱϵϢ󣬹үӱ֪ѡ
˵ǿԺƭסҶҸǣȴһһˡ

үʧؿ۰мӵӣʲô󶼲ҳϵģ
ҶһȭүӹⲻԤǴͷҪùʶԼĴ
ûе׵ĵǸ״ˡ

, үӳס
Ŷְ

ջҪŹȭͷֹүӵƫġ
۰ӱһȭ׷ŹҶ

֤ȷ䵽ز¶޹飬ǿ˵ţүүҡ׵ģҺޱǵ¼ϵүүţȥš

үӼڽƱ磬еʧ޷Ŵ󣬻ĸ飬ʣЩԼǲˡ

үתߣҪĵӣǺãȻ˵Լ޹ȥޱй

ҶŹүԸܵүӾ񲻼ãһ˥ܵϢ
üͷȰŹүӣүүҪ¥Ϣһɡ

үҶŵǵص̾һǹ˼ҶԲ㡣

ЩүӶҶչˣҶԵ޹ʹˡ
ҶҡҡͷοŹүӣүү鲻ع˼ҡҵĺãҶ

ιӧȥޱ
үνͬ⣬ѾжΪޱһ仰ı䡣  

һʮʮ٣鴦˽֪ϵıϡ
ǿޱŸʲô޹ǰʱ䲻֪˶ٻһ

鴦ûбܻģ۷׷ף

װʲôǧС㰡ԭҲǸСӣỹΪ֦ͷ˰ɡ

Ϊж£ǿˣ˵ʵϰԼġף˹£ְλ

ֲ֪ܵˣŻĹϵ⣬߲߰

Ҫ뿪ﻹ

ȻأûɸɲЩġ

˵꣬Цʱʱȥעޱɫ
۲쵽ɫɥһЩЦøӿˡ

ЦԽԽޱŻйƵ˵ţʲôЦģҺܲװףЩǳ³˵ġ

ͷڽƱ磬Щؿޱ̫ЦȻ˵ܲûйϵ˵˵·ô

ޱǳɫ˵ʲôֻܷߺ޵ָָȺˣ㡭㡣

ޱûʲôĻиЦԽĵ⣬Աͬûע⵽ôˣûлԷɡ

Ц꣬鴦Ŀһ˲ļžС

ı뵽һô˵ô˵ô
ͳŷŭ

תͷֵصɴ۾˵Ͱͣܡܲãá

յϵߣ鴦ÿһϣҪǲɾֱ˵չ˾ȱ⼸ˡ

һȣصͷ

ײͷĳһԵޱ

ϣޱסģŷ궣䣺
һ´ȥլүү˵ע㡣

ޱҲǴˣԼ˼ֻ˵ôһЩ
׾ϵۺǿЦԼ˵ޱȤԶûеҪĳ̶ȡ

ȻޱȻ˹׻˼
ǲŵ̧ͷ˸˷ܵĹâ̶Ƽᷳս͡
һ˶ڰ͵͵֡

ܲãҪȥˣѲܲҵŮѣ
ޱԽ˷ܣ˳ھ޴ϲ֮С

³լޱǰ𾪣ѽ԰һ
СĹ켣Уûмĸ˼ҵסҶһҪ

һԱޱĵȻԾĹı۾Ƶҿ
ļʲôɫߴ׵Ĵߴ٣߿㣬үүǻڵš

ޱջһεߣרĸڹ׺ͷ

̤ŵһ̣ޱûŵЦݳ̣תΪֵɫ
ҶҶС㣬ô




21.  ڶʮһ   ɹ˻

ޱߴҶŲ, ҶҶ˵Ӱ롣
û뵽ڹ˼Ҽǣϵľָʶ߶

үү, ޱҰ, ʲô
ޱжʲôص, ٿһ, ɢɳϡ

ޱĽž˺ܶ˵עĿ
ҶһֱͼҵЩʲô
ֱ߽, Ҷ崿޹۵׵ʧһ

, ޱǰɡ˵˵, Ҽôʶģ
С, үŸһ˿棬Ϊᡣ

ޱ˼ͣڹ˾ǰʱҥ, ҶС֮Ĺϵ, ѹûүӵ⡣

첻ޱش𣬹׳һޱ, үүʻ

Ϥ, ޱһӣ¶Ǹ, ˼ղû˵⡣

Ҷӹ磬ޱҶôãԴҵġ

ͻȻָ, ޱͷԣҶС㣬˵ʲôҲס

ޱһҶ˫棬صĿһҲ¡  

ҶһԳ̾һޱʧ벻ȥԹɵŮӣȴ飬
ޱǰɣ˵˵ЩƬô£

ޱһĵʲô
ЩϵиǸǵʱϣȥ̳·ⲻʲô˵飬ҴӦҪһͬȹӣ°ʱ˳ҹȥȥ̳Ժһؼˡ

ޱŽƺʲôԽԽͣ󼸺˵ʲô

Ҷˣүүְ֡һˣҹľȻһŮ˻ؼҡ

⻰ޱæҡ֣ġ
֧֧ذ˵һ仰

ޱҪԽԽڣæڣҶãҳԣɲҽޱؼңûиɱ顣ǲɹйŮһһᷢЩʲô𣿡

ˣסҪͷӣȥС𣿡
׻һζĽƱ磬үӶˡ

үү
׵ɴ۾Լʲôһ۰мӵүүվԼĶ档

ޱҲףƾһͷӵ仰ͶԼ߾ͷ׷׳Ǵ
۾ҪңҺ͹ûʲô
ĶҪ޳

ʱһʼͳ䵱Ĺ˕FˣõܣϽλС㡣

ѹޱ⻰תϣ۾ҪοĿ
׸ûޱڹүӲԼıС

үһˣȥٿᣬڵǸ
ţǸؿҶϸӣҶСܣǹ˼ҶԲҶҡ

үͣһᣬӳһըԵľ
Ҹ˳йϼŵĹɷת5%Ҷǹ˼ҵ

⻰һڳ˶ˡ

үүĲá
ξҶ͹׶飬үӸ0.5%Ȩ㹻мķֺ졣
5%ĹȨ֮ؿ֪Ҷ붼û;ܾ

ﻹ˵ģԼ͹˕Fų15%Ĺɷݡ
¿ɺõֱҶΪŵĴɶ

þ̳ҶҲүӵĴ𾪣æ֣үӣ̫ˣ͸ҼỤ̊ˣ㻹ǸϽջȥɡ

үӲΪȻҶϵܣô˵ġҿŮ޾ͦõģȹҪĶࡣЩ죬ͰԼŮˡ͵Ů𣿡

ҶҶҶַ󣬼Ȱүջ뷨

ǲǿͷӰǲǾͷʹˣ˵ð
үӰѻ˵ϣҶֻܶŹ׼ʵ۹⣬ͷӦ¡

˭֪үһͰѹɷתЭãǩ֡
ҶӦʾ˕F¥ȥ鷿ĳļ

û˭Ȼ߸Լ״үһеԸͷˡ
ѵһĵˣүӾŸһ 

ԭΪүүֻʱ⣬벻Ȼıá

ʡߺޡʧָӣ׺ۣЦޱ뿪  

үӵľͷԽԽãǰͷһֱǿž
ǽƤͻȻһɡҴȵػζͷֹס׹

˷Ľк
ȥͷҲһ£ԹԵǰߡ

Ҷۼֿ죬ææطסүӣ˵ţүү㡭㻹𣿡

үҡҡͷүүûµģֻҪϢˡ
ӻ˕FŹ˕Fĸ첲Ƶ¥

ҶŹүʧıӰĵƲס
ְ֣˵үү

࣬õģһжõġ
⻰˵ҶҲ˵Լ

һʨĻ겻ѣпǧ

ʱݵֹͣһʱ˭Ҳûп˵

Ҷ״ˣãɡ»Ҳˣһֱס˼Ҳһ顣




22.  ڶʮ   ߷

Ҷſ컹ҪҶЩʲô, ε绰ϺԼʵǲѡ

ְ֣ȥæ, иҡ
Ҷĵ˵š

ʱڽ, Ҷߵʱ, ֻܳ˵, Ů⼸Ҫôô, ǮֻܹҪܿġ

ҶͷҶҶнԶӰ, 뿪ˡ

, ɫˡһգ۵Ĺ, ʹڡ
ҶʰԼҶA߶˵ľƵ, סжͳ׷

Ҷһź׵, 벻˵עҲѡ
ڵǼϢʱǰ̨СþͶβ̧ͷشҶ

ҶҶ, ֺЦ
׵İٵ, ˵ſڷ磬ʱøÿɰ

Ȼص, ҶҶӲ輸ҵҽҩ
ǶƵ꣬ƲЩҩƷ׼ȫ

˻ҶǩȥûпʼͿҶʹĽг

, ŵ㡣
Ҷ쵶ն飬ɿͿĨ

Ҷõİһ˿˿ĳ鶯
磬ҲǵġˣѧСһ״ˡ

ΪʹҶ˵ٶȷŻһһٵĵزãġ
˵仹ų

磬Ҳģ˵㻰ɡ

ҶҶ˵ŻȫѾ˵ţãҪʲôϾ͸  

ҶǩͰ磬㻹ȰðɡɫˣҲûȥϢˡ

Ҷһ㣬ΪҶ˯
ҶϵƣͣĻʽãϢȾˡ

һ鷢̫࣬ҶӷĺܣǻصҾʹĸǷ

֪ԼϴϰߣҶһͷԸƵԱϲѬ㡣

Ѭ㱻ȼŵĻζŶ

Ϥζĵ׶İĲҶڴϷ˯ˡ

һߣ׾ûôõ顣  

Ӵų׾һ·קޱ󣬾ֱޱγһȦϡ

ޱŽгܲãۡ

ûܣùʹľ

ޱ˵ЩʲôŹŰ׵׺ݵɫûյľӷ緶ǵƦå
ŵĲ˵

ΪάֿеûйϵιûдޱһͬؼңתһǮȥסƵꡣ

ص״ȥ鷿ŭϵĶɨ档

ˤ飬ƽϢеŭ

뵽Ҷƾ׻5ĹȨеŭϴܡ
һԵ峯ʱڵĹŶƿʧ˼ǧ

ߵߣҵң鷿صƷ𻵵Ĳˡ

һصƬ׵ĻСȥܶࡣ

üͷͨĵ绰ȥ5ٿ߷ᣬ˵Ϲڼŵ顣

һը˹

ȥչ˾Ǵ˾ֱٿ߷ᡣ

Ҫ˵Щǿŵ㡣˵ΪڿġΪ˸һٿᣬЩǺ

ֲ˼ܵܲãЩ˲Ǹǡһ棬֮

չ˾ⲻã˭ܺá˼⹫̬ȣɱĳЩźһ򱶡Ȼǿһԭ

¥˵չ˾ܲǹ˼ҵӣ˳ǽһӢ쿪һ۸ˡ

죬¥ϵĽϢ׼ȷ𣿳˧ͳΪܲãⲻֻС˵Żֵ

߷δȻ

ڴУڶ㷢׼ʱٿ

һ죬ûгڼڼõҽ

˵ʲôʲôвܺã
ҽ˵ʱǻ׵ļ󣬹׷˻

ҽŵ˵ţܣԭͲܻôָֻܾ֤׷ȥȷһʧ

ſʱһź׵ЩֿЦһ˼ֵˮƿ

ƿŵ֧飬ˮһأʾŹ׾޴ŭ

׷ԸҽŽɪɪ¹׽ŭǨƵԼϡ

ҽ˵ҪǮֻҪκңǮԡ
ײҽûа취ΨһĿܾǮûи

ҽΣͲǮǮ⣬
ܣҶǮҵĻشǸղǸûа취Ͼҽá

ŭ壬סúúãüˡ

ȫѾҲõҽǽơ

̶̵İСʱȴǹȥһ

ڴУ˵ǱСˣȴͱƽƽĹ

ɫ䣬һ
ֱῪʼ֮С






23.  ڶʮ   ʧ

, ߷׼ʱʼ
˴ηõȫֱڿʵʱ˽⡣
һٶһӮ˹ڵĺøС

Ŀ, ¡سϯ, Ŷ·, ڱһ˿, Ųͥ

ȵȣǵȵ, ǹףңҵ۾ûϴ˰ɣ

ȥ, ǹ𣿾⻹˧

ע⵽ӡֵǰ, ЩڴĶˡ

ǰ, ǰɣ׳, ۾ҪϹ, ⾿˧

ǰ˭˵˧ģվһͨĹҪȺлܱϵĳ

, ǳһʲôÿ, սϹ֪ҾͲ˷ʱڵǰ, ڶûɹ

¥ϵĽõȵңҲˡ

ԭӿΪ˿׵ĳࡣ񿴵ˣһ㣬ҲûµıҪ

ԽԽ뿪ֱֱ½

ֱʾڹǰĴĻϣ, ۵һ˿

ҶȻҲֵĻᣬĻϿʱȫŰΣҲסƽӣûյĿ
ЦϾͺͺѶƷЦ顣

˼主СŮƣûп̫Цˡ

Ҽġ:ãҪƭĸ顣

ڹº󣬼ڶ׼ףŹһ˿һı顣

׵ţʶ׼ǫ̃ʣ
ȫƪص㽲³ĶоͼŶԳ³ҥĨоĳͷ

˵߷ᣬǹ׵ϴ״ᣬͨڹ¸

ʻڣеļ߲ѡڹס
Ҫ֪վſǹ˼ңAеͷңڷ²ֱָ̨㶪˷롣

뷨߾һ¸ѥɦ⣬

ͼеŮʿʲôϵ𣿡

ݸһЦͷôôŤ
λʵĺãҺͼеŮʿûʲôĹϵ¼ϵΪλŮʿԩΪ˾㰲ο˼䣬ĵˣĽǶ

ҲǼ٣һɰ滰
⣬ʵʵ£պгãһҲš

иֹǣϹڿɾûôˡ

ţ˾οŮԱʵ𣿹²ǰЩڵɵ˰ɡ

¥ϵģûϹడǸСѧɣ˵Ļôԡ

˵ô˰۵ɶû𣿻˵СѧҿǡŮ֮ľ붮

¥شһ¥⣬ڹ˾ͦģҪĳȥ롣ÿϰ嶼ѪһԴԱƴظ²ˣǻһЩϰȽᣬ˽ҲǻİοԱġ

һ¥ûпٿЩС˵Ӷˡ

ʲô²˵ϰ£ϰԱһþ;ò

ҶŹ˵ǾúЦ

ҼġƣҪļһڷ˵ʲô
üһֱһüһǰԼϴĸɸɾȻƵһɶ

˼主󻨡:ڱŮ˻ˣǻ

ҼġţˣȻõСָ䲻ϡ

ҶͶǱ߼û˼ѯʣױⳡᡣ

ӿ²ֻаСʱ

ţôͽûʼأ

ԶԶԣǾǣǼô£ôʹ⣿

ҿĵķᣬһ˵ŮӶⱨˡ֪ûоǰĹ˾

ⳡûҶξ䶯ʣ˲ξĺ˹ײٰ

˾ϵλ÷ƫƣ෴

˕FҲڹעⳡᡣọ̈̄¶ζƵ΢Ц
õܵмֻͷ

߻ʱعүʱڶ߶ף˵ϣʱߣ

뵽˕Fһ̾

ⳡᣬүͬĻĬĬעţǸһλᡣ

ӿŹ˵ÿһ仰үӼֲֻҶĵǸͷβǽƱ磬

үӱʹ̾һʵǲίΡ

˼Ƭ̣үӴ绰ʦʦ׼޸һ
µԭҪ׵ĹϼŹȨȫҵĴӹ˕FµλĵķҶչ˾ĹȨ35%15%˕F5%Ҷ

Զ뵽һССķչ˾ܲõְλʧ֮ۡ

ڷϹһĺ㣬˷һ˵ȣǰưɡ




24.  ڶʮ   Ԥı

˾ư, һ֮㳣켣ľưɡ
ǺҶ˻飬ҲҶڿۺ5%Ĺɷݡ

ӵҪϢƤЦĽ֮ӭ˳ȥ, Ӵ, ׸, ô, ǲҪҸйй

ƤЦģûи
ױ˵ȥİᡣ

ǳĽ֮˾ռ, ٺ׸磬֪Ҫ, Сͱ㻶ϲľơ

, Ҳ˵, ϵľƾͿȡ

¶ǣױǰʹ, , ҪҶһ︶ۡ

ǰ׵һưɣ˽֮ע⣬
ƣ˭⵨, ȥŹ١

׸, Ҷ⵨ļһ㣬ҪҪСȥѵһ¡
٬, ·﷨ûʲôǿηɵġ

ǿɵһҶҴٵôýӽġ

Ź񲻶Ծ֮ź֪ӦҶͨˣӦҶҴ١
Ҷҵһ㣺ȻǱ³, ȭͷ˵
ǣҶҲǸ֮㣬ʱô֪أ׸磬˼Ҿ͵ȥʵ

뵽ǶʱܵŹ򣬹ڵˣҶˣȻƬв˻飬ǺǣǺġ

Ʋ֮㣬㶮ʲô˵

֮ûûƤˣ˵ɫ糣׸磬˵ĺáֱִɵ˼ңô㡣

˻飬Ƚ֮˵꣬ʲԺתһȦɫù
׸磬ԣ˵ĲԾ

׸Ȥؿ֮㣬Ҫ˵ʲô

׸磬㿴ǰʱҶôϲ㡣Ϊ㣬ǿԴBһ·׷AУģôôͬ˻飿֮㻰Խ˵Խ죬׸磬϶ıġ

žƱ΢٣Ŷ˵ʲôı
˻һϵе֮⣬׵ΪӣһԹ

֮ӷת뵽һĴ𰸣׸磬˵᲻ַͨʽע⡣ΪǰʱߣԶԣҶҵĺԼڽУȻûнĿܡҶԭ򣬲˻飬ƶ󻹻顣

֮ⷬĵƨϣЦһҲǽ˼ңȻʹֲֶΡ

ȻҶϲԼ˵5%Ĺɷݣ˼ͺðˡ
ֻҪŮ˿ģɷݻֵ

׻һתʲô취ҶŮ˿ģ

֮˵Ϊʲô׻ʣǲʵʡ
ǶЦ˵ţ׸磬򵥡ŮǼ·պHҪµ׸ȥ͸Ҷٷְٸˡ

üɵؿ֮㡣

׸磬п϶ЧҲйŮѣ 
֮Ͳظˡ

װŰɿǴͨĵ绰ȥHе

ͻȻӵָһʱͷԣܡܲã

û˵꣬绰Ǳ߾ʹ˹׵ǮûƣϾڰ칫

Ҫ˵ЩʲôҶϵͽ͵졣

ܺҶùɷݵķ׻͸¶ɡ
ɢӣɳƷžơ

Χջͣڹ鲻֮ʵ׸磬СʲôҪСҰŵġ

ţһЦչһʱ䣬Ұ׮飬ͻӻ
˵⻰ʱޱԸڹ׵ĿǷΧڡ

֮ԸϰΪĸĸҲǸÿͷ֪жˡ

׸磬ұ֤񣬾һͷ֮ЦžƱСҾף׸磬ɹ



˕Fæ깫˾ؼҺϰߵߡ
ȿһƬȻҶѾ뿪

˕Füģ˵ǹ˼ҶԲ
ͨĵ绰ȥǿһ͵Ҷ

ΪԤԼ˺þá
Ҫˣڹգ̳õĶ򵽡

ͷɲ򵥣ǵ귨͸ʺĽ
ϣ԰ǧļ۸
ԭΪ͸˕Fĸס

˼ҺҶ֮䷢ֵΪ˕FҲš
İֹס
ڿɵãҶҶСһܾôĶ
ҪǷŵŴ׵Ļ

ֹţҶڵľƵꡣ





25.  ڶʮ   һģһ

ˡڼžľƵ궥

˭, ҶûעźˣֱӰˡ

쿴Ҷģ

ʱж˴ŵߣɾڼá
ͷһ˿, ɢɢԺ, ҶεĻζζ  
¿ŵ, ϴ˯ż  

û뵽, ҶԼҵװ硣
һҵعš

, Ҷŷɿ죬ü١
ûû, ʲôûп

򵥵Լ, Ҫʱ, Ҷһ٣
ղʲôҲûз

, Ҷ, ¶ׯŵ΢Ц
ʲô𣿡

, ˵Ż, ԸղҶΪš  
ҶСϺãܾ͸

Ҷͷ, һ󣺡ţ
ûϵ

ǵģЩܾ
ɫһûб䣬һϡƽ顣

֪ĵĲƽƷ΢΢
ϰûжλģλҶСνǶһġ
Ҷ⹧

Ҷλͷ˦ԺﲻԾ뷨, Լôù˕Fġ
ӹƷصңڴϣش򿪡

һ˶ҵϡ䱦Ҷɢһֱϵϲ磬ĵĸˡ 
صذѰӺóڻȥȫ͸¶㡣

˕FȻ
Ҷǵ˺þҲû򵽣ԭΪҪź

˷ܵƽҶһߣڴŤˣȥʱʱڻİóϼۡ

Ҷƽ˺üȦҲľһӣ²ʲô

տɫıʯڵƹڷ⣬˶ʯԱǶʯ˵һҲΪģҶġ

ļ۸Ҷ֪ġ
ǰʱϣһһ԰ǧļ۸¡

ԶûнҥԴϴ˵شΪ˼֮İרʱŮĽŮӡ

û뵽شоȻǹ˕F
Ҷɫӣ˕F֪֪ĺ壿



ҶĵյǱ߹׵Ϊ
ӵ׵绰ϾͣеĹͣظ̳ûϰ

Ƽ򵥣ʵȻ

AHר̳ôҡ
˵࣬Ǳ˴֮ȴϺһǶһڳǿķ·ϵʱҪһСʱ

ȥ빫˾̳
ӹе֪İҵûйģAֻгǶͳҵ̳רй

ûа취ӲͷƤϰǰԽĳǶ̳

յô벻
ų·ϼ֤˴ڣ·ϡٵУòɣ°߷ڣȶ·ϡ

·ƶļ˶ȻǲЧʱڵȴţ˳Ƕ̳Hר

ʲô˵ʲôûˡ
ȻߣõԱĿ

רĹ㱣΢ЦǵҪֻй̶Ѿȫܱ꣬Ǹ

ǳǼ̳л𣿡
ܱǸAеŵϻˡ´ƵĻǰԤԼ

ƣͷԱûпʱ׵ŭڴ绰ŭ
һҧҧСϻ̳ϿֵĲͨ˵绰

ûʵյ˹׵ŭ𣺡ôµģʲôû

΢ĽͣܣAжй̶ˣϻˡ

ھưɺ˾ƵĹףͷͣҽڣǮ򲻵νûޣԼ취һҾڰ칫ҿûеĻʰʰ뿪ˡ

ûа취ֻܽת˹㡣

ٴӣĲǮ⣬ǵܹͼֻѾȫ꣬ûа취ṩˡ

˾ƵĹƢбӣҽڡʲôˣǮ򲻵Լȥ취֮ھҪ򵽡
ԸĻžһ¾͹Ҷ˵绰

ֲɵ˻ֻת뿪ռţµӲˡ

͹֮ĶԻһǽһζ

ͬΪˣ¶ͬĿ⣬̧ͷȥ˲ࡣ
ĸ첲ĵظ֧㶣иСڳǼ̳㣬˽͵͵һϰǮû޵ĻҰ˵˵

仰ɳĮޣϣϲתͷе˵ллڴſŹ㡣

ȴʱ䲻ãĺý仰ˡ
̧ͷ¶һõ΢Цˣͬˡҵλڳ̳HרһкŮӡǰ˵Ҫ׼۸ɲˡ

ϣ͵һл󣬾ͼææظ

εˡ
ղ̳һæ·ϵĳƸղǰ࣬ͨ˳̳

·ǺķһͷʱѾϰ˵㣬Ӱ칫ҳһ·һˮûкȣһûнʳ
ꤣͣȻȴûʱԼĶӡ

һ³ʹæ¥ݳָ̳ʾHҵſڡ

ʱŵԱȱ壬ĿҲϡϡɢɢûаֿԡ
δʱ˭Ǻ룬ӭ˳ǳǼ˵Ĺ˿Ͱɡ

ȷݺ󣬺صһС䡣
˵Ƿǲֿ⣬ڷŸְﻹһѡ

źһҵİ£ɵ£ͳһǽధġ

۾һˣ䵽ʵܵˡ






26.  ڶʮ   Ʒ

С, 㿪۰ɣǮ
ΪһֵˣͲ֪ˮж

Ĺ˳, ӷɿת, ϧı, ᲻õظŰ
, õҾͷһҪѿ, ҲԸ㡣

˵һת, һڼ600۸Ļ, Բԭ׼Լõġ

ûлɺﻰʵԡղŹľͺ, ʹΪŷ

ˬó֧Ʊӡ¡
ûмӣһ׾ɡ

ȥıӰ, һİķЦ, ¶óѵ΢Ц  

˫Աһƣһ˸ߵİǽȻ¡
ֻ߰λãƾճһһİ

Ĵаһ, ϵЦĲãû뵽, ôһš
ﻹж԰ϧ

ص, Լǧ򵽵İипǧ
Ϊһ˴󼸰򣬼۸񼸺ԭĹһǮ˵⡣  

׼ؼϢʱʱѾ˰ҹ·ϳϡ, żڹ䴦ܹһ·ֻӯɫ·顣

ڶһ磬鼫ΪãС˹װ칫ҵš

ֻ̤Ըܵ칫ҵĺ
̧ͷһŵĲûнг

ûů飬һû˯þշתû˯⣬չ۾컨۵Сۡ

ڶ컹û׾𴲣˾

ô
һû˯ã绹ĸǵù׻ԽĴ

ѵɵصͷܲãԲҲӦڹʱ䳪裬һŵ㡣

ĵǸûʲôЧɺأԸİأ

ֽݵİݹȥİ칫ϣܲãԸġ

˹ļһû壬ͷŭȥˡ

ȻŴȣ칫ҵš

ߵһ룬ɵɵվԭûжǵһŸʲô

ϢĸСʱɽʶػһ䡣

ʲôŰȥҶ׶ĳٶۼΪô£½ûˡ

仰һף⧲һԼʲô
ҪΪԼ⼸䣬Ǳ죬Ĭڹ׺棬ǰҶڵľƵꡣ

һʱ䣬ܲѹֵ

˵ǣȹҶʱڷڡ
ҪǳʮӣҶǿɾ˵ˣٲҪһ

˭Ҷ

ΣҶԼױûвףŷĵƵš

ΪֺҶûгһѱЦݣңҶá

˲ҪˣҶƽ񣬡ô㣿
Ҳ

ȻעⶼҶı仯սȭͷסҪļ󣬡ҶãǴҲԣҲһʱñԽӽҡǸ񡣡

˵꣬һԵ̧첲ϡ

˵Ǹ⣬ǸĲ˹ӵĸ߰˵̬ʩᡣ
ҶŶҪˣš

ҶһҲҪףžҪߡ
Ȼν¶ɫ

ûлˣô򵽵ģѲɡ

Ҷûдףֱص

ڴĲʱҶ￩һ£ָкƲԡ
Ѱа档

ҶЦͻأھƵ

׹˲Ҷӻˣ

벻ڵĹ׹ܣȻһٻ
ЦҶЦá

ҶЦᶼҪͣǽЦ̲һš

Ī˳Ц׵۾Ż𣬺ǳĻҪѿڡ

ҶȽ˵˳ܣ벻ùܾȻٻŪˡ
˵һЦ

ٻһεʧʧʧ˽͵ʱ䡣
ȹ׷ӦûҶӰ

ܲãô죿Ź׺սľʵ

ʲô¡¸½Ҳûˡ

׿İһѳ£

Ϊ˼ΨӣȻҲЩݳƷĳͣҲ֪ηֱǲƷ

ⷭ飬ûҵÿһı롣ζţԼһٰ

İݺݵ

ֻǰһӰµıۣƤŶ

һХűͷ͡
ͷܵȵҺ塣ƴսһʺɫ

ãȻ̧ͷǰû˹׵Ӱ

һ뵽򵽼ٰ飬صҶȻЦͣ

Ϊ˷һȦû뵽ᳵ·ĹܹףгһվȻ˼ٻ˸󳵡

ܿ죬ϢѸΧۣϢܲĵ޺ۡ

ҶȦȱˡ
һʮʮ٣ܿAеȦҲ֪˹׳¡




27.  ڶʮ   ѱ

ҵЦƽʱ֪֪˹׵Ц, ɲҪʹ

֪һ﷢ʲô飿
ʲô鰡Ѳɹ˼չʲô˾
, ǹ˼ٻ, ̫Ц, һСЩƷƴк, Ȼ˼ٻ
ԣϢɲɿ, ô򵽼ٻ
ϢҿǴǱߵѿе֪BеȦʹ, ˵ɲɿ
ȥ, ҽЦЦΪĹܾȻʧ˼ٻЦ, УҪЦ߱ˡ

, ϢҲһǸĸĶ, ҵ鴫ҵֵĶߡ

೤֪ϰ๤ĿʱȥҹףĵĻ͸¶Űο˼:
ֶ, 򵽼ٰʲô, ´עͺ˰

ˣԵûʲô, ϻ˵ĺãԵĿԽ࣬ĸԽࡣ

ֶ·ܶģһһҪϸ𰡣Ҫһ͵ȥˡ

Щ˵ﲻʲôζ, ƫƫҪװ̵ܽӡ

ǳοҲͰˡ׷ֿԳ飬ô᲻һš

ܣûԤԼ㲻ܽġ鴦ƴŻܽ

Ҳǹ׵ľ֡

ҪҪǹ˵ңʱû̸ɣʧ˭𡣡
¶֮µҪ˭ӡ

ϣ鴦һηηţư͵ط˻ܽ

·Ľ׵İ칫ңһƨ˻ϣӴⲻӢĹܣôҲһ˼ٻ

Ծ֣û˶ԳĿ˭ǻŸʲôϽȥ

ӴӴӴ!ˣ˰˵ð
ɵɵûй仰

ŵ̬ûȥĻðˣﲻӭءЩ˻ڿʲôϽ
ȥ

ͷ˾ˣ鴦æңܣǹܵһ»Ҫæڳȥ

ţ´ҹЭ̣鷳ҪǰԤԼ

˵Щ鴦˾Ҫְѻܴ

˵˵Ǽ˼
ԭЦģֿˣҲ뿪ˡ

ϾѹǼˣҲòʧ
ùŭգһ֡

ǰ֣ЦüΪЦף׻

ǷЦȭͷŭӡ
Ҷҵš

Źײͨߣأҹ

֪Ĳ״ӵ绰ɪɪ˵ĻĿİˣܣ岻ʣϢˡ

˹һңĶͷֱһӣѪ˳ſһأڵϻһ̯Ѫ

ȥҽԺʱҽԺҽĿһָ׸ǳ˿ڣСӣʲô˿ô

ŹӶ֮󣬲ҵֻڨڨ˵Լ·СĿĵʯˡ

Ϊ˿̫úҽͷڼҺúϢҪ˿ڷס

ӵ绰˵Ļشײǹϣŭ֫ӣϰ࣬һС˶١Ҫ˾ÿ˾

鴦һİÿһ˶æԼûע⵽һͷİɫ  

칫ң׶ƨɾһߣô°ڵˣȦӶ֪ɵĺ¡

һȥԭ򣬷·һע˾Ҫˤڵϡ

ҲѪˣǻˡ⼸ܾίôûУ⵽

۾ᣬһԡ

ⷬǿɲɣִ˹׵ù㣬ưͰ˵

ȹйԼŭһŽһȥű̯ڵϣ﷢ʹġ

ӣﲻмĺһת뿪һ˱ڵϡ



׳ĳ£Ҷ鼫Ϊ ʰʰ׼ؼҡ

ɻϣ׳ĳȻҲҶߣ԰СһĶ磬εص˵ҶĶͷ
㰡㰡˵ʲôأ

磬鱾ͺܺЦֻǸ˱˶ѡ
ҶƤҶ˸ͷ

ǰ㣬áؼҺ㿴ʲô˵򡣡

ҶӣҶĸ첲ҡţ磬ˡ

ҶҶЦ겻:ӦǷ˹װɡ

ͬʱҶĸҶΡ




28.  ڶʮ   

ûпҶӰ, Ҷĸɫżͷ۾, ʱʱš

һĨɫǰ, Ҷĸӭȥ, 䱧˸ҵıŮ, ڻˡ

Ҷĸ˫ϸϸҶӣ, ۾ỨǸɱǧ, Ȼ˶Դ, һƬġ

˵, ԹҶ⹫ͷʲô۹, Ϲ㶨һ׮¡

ŵĸ˲, 飬Ҷչ¶Цο, ûˡ˳͹˻, Ժ󲻻κιϸˡ

ǰյŮҶĸҶ۵, Ҷĸˮ
ҿŮڹ˼˶ֲࡣ

һԵӶ꣬ŹֵؿҶĸ
Сֲˣ
ϵļϸףܵİơ

ϻ糺, ͸ź죬ɫǰҪϼ֡
ܿļ

Ӷ˵뷨ҶĸͲ֪һ˼ҶıС
˵ͷ˵˿ǻ  

ͬҶһ𵽼ҵĻҶȻӽŵڣҶĸֻҶҲûзָҶ

裬ǰɻôĺӵأɱ˿ã⼸AҲˡ
ҶҴΪ˺ҶĸģҲǰס  

⺢ӣ˵ʲô
ҶһƴڻҶĸﵽûǰıˡ  

Ҷ˳Ƴ⣬һ˫ڶ꣬
裬׼ʲôԵӺö

Ҷĸ˼汻Цĵ˵ҶĶͷ㰡㣬֪ҪһӶ˱ϲĵˡ

ҶҪˣҶҲûко۵뷨˸ڣظϻؼҡ

ȻؼҿҶһһһĳʳҶǿżӲĲӣЦ
ˣͺá  

ȻҶ鷿ϸߺ顣
ٰ飬ҶҪ˽⣬Ȼİ취֪ҪҶ֪

Ҷһһʮ齻ҶֻҶԡ
ĺããͷԳԣΪҶҺǵġ

Ҷս̳꣬ǵС֮
񲻹ǹŹүӣЩҶ⹫Ķ飬ȫ档

¡¡Ŀյ죬Ҷҵ鷿¶ů㣬Ҷش˹Ƿ
һ·ɻأҶֱ;һϢҲûС

ƱŮٲѣҶкɸֵĸо
ŮԺ͸Ұȥϰ࣬ΪҲ֪AеǼһζûȥ˾

ҶؿҶ˲ˣԼйΪ˵£
ְ֣ҡ

ҶҪ˵ϼ仰ҶشϣˣЩѵĻ㲻Ҫ˵ˣǲͬģһ͸ȥϰࡣ

ûа취ӵҶתͺͶ²Ҷܵ
˼主СŮƣ㶼֪ոҰж֣Сˡ

ҼˡôôˣҶôˣ

˼主СŮȻĻȥ˾ȥܲô˾񣿰ҸͲҪȥʲôͬʲôģͿ¡

ҵġҶô㣬ָͲȥˡ

˼主СŮûõģԹˣһҪȥ͸аһףèè̾Ϣ

Ҽġ

˼主СŮ㡣

Ҽġҵ뵽һӣе㡭

˼主СŮ˵˵

ҼġȻҶȥ˾ȥ¡͵ǻط棬һЩţȹ˾ƲˣҶҲӦˡ

˼主СŮŶ˵ĵмֵǾ졣

ĻҶڴ

ڶϰ˵㣬ӶҶţС㣬С㣬ȥ˾ˡ

ΪҪſڵȴܳһʱ䣬䣬ҶŶ
Һˣ߰ɡ

Ӷ¶ɫСױݾϸһˣº顣

û˿Ҷһҹȣ𶼿Խܡ

鱦˾λòģbеһ
ȻҶҲԶһСʱĳ̾͵ˣվڽΧԻ

ҲҶ³ĵһͷ

˾ΧǼãĽİ̳Ҳֻһĵһ롣

Ҫ˵ŵǱǰ·ϵĳϡ٣ȥֻˡ

ҶԶɽüͷѾ̤˾š

վס˭һŮ




29.  ڶʮ   

Ҷͷ, ֻһŮӳ
ǰ̨λã̧ͷ۵¶ɫ, ˫Ҳ, ذָס
˾ɲʲô˶ġ

ε, Ҷ, ŴϿɼһߡ

һĹȥ¶Ҳػů洦ɼһŮ, ҶȻҲԸ⴩ص·

ͼһᱡİȹһ˫ȹ˿¶, ͸¶ɢ˵Ϣ, Ĺ˾롣

Ŵĵױ, һ˫欵һۺŴ·ڶЦεС, ҪһǷ

ŮӸе, ²Ǵĸ糾ģ
Ҷĵһۣǰ̨Сþͼա

ǰ̨СõӣҶûз, ػһ䣺, ֪ġ
ŽŲݵķ

ҶûаԼĻϣһҪǰ, ǰ̨СˣҶ
˵Ļô㲻Ҫȥ㻹ȥ

İͻȻקŸ첲Ҷе, ÿüë𣬸첲þҪѡ

δҶǰ̨СþɿԼ֣ȻղŵΪֻǿθСˡ

ǰ̨СÿҶû˵ˣǹһȰȵ˵ͣǲ˻˵˲ǰǰߣ䳤Ǹʲôģʲô˶С

ǰ̨СѵҶ˵ʱͻȻһ̷Ÿྲ˳˹ǳ⣺Ͻұ졣

ϹϾߵҶǰ棬սսĿڣܲãˡ

鱦˾ܼ࣬յܲҪϢ󣬱æû뵽ǳһ

ӵݿԶݼҵĺܲãͻ߶߶˵ͣûŻȥ

ܼԼĴԣεܲƢ𱬣ǺǵĶ
ס˫֣ŵؿҶʲôٶ

ŭԼǰ̨СɫתΪͷȿԼݣһϲҪܼҶ״

ȻִܲУ׹ӡ

ǰ̨СԼܼݣڹ˾ˣ뵽ǰ޵ŮӣȻεܲá

ȵĿűԼ˵ˣ˵ýˣܡܲá

˵꣬ǰ̨СýͷһԲȴҶĴá

ûԤļ籩꣬ҶֻƮƮĿۣʲôҲû£˾뿪ˡ

ҶȥıӰǰ̨Сû˸ղŵĹܼ˵Ż
㣬ʲôܲãֽϻһŻ˵

ˣԺɳģ˵ע㡣
ܼ˵ŽĻûнζڹ

仰һһҶͷܹ˾Ĺɡ

ܼעҶĺ󱳣¶ǵСȣȻױݡ
ĵӣ۵׻ϲɫɿڲס

ſ﷦ζѯҶ˻ûе칫ңͽ˺üǷ

˺ˣЩҶ֪ˣȥˡ
Ҷһƿ칫Ϣҵţ׼ȥߣ϶ѻɽļӶ

ܼʶȤĽ˽ܣĵҶϰ칫ҵĴš
ڴ⣬ܼһĲмǣһݰˡ

һü춼Ҷ˹˾ֻȥ˯һ˼ҲûзϣϵļԽԽࡣ

ÿ׼ȥ˾ӮҶĺøС
ſһЩСǮȨ⼸ϰĽ

Ҷϲ⣬ÿȥ˾ԳԺȺȣȺ¡
ſָҶпȥ

ǷĲпһ뺯
ҶɻĿҶ

ȿȣǹ˼Ҽĸ뺯ǹ˕Fĸʮٳʱȥһˡ
ҶԼҹŮɫء

㲻ͬҶ͹˼һǣ뺯ǹ˕F͹ﻰǹүʵҶܣϣҶܹϯ

Ŷְ֪ˡ
Ҷûôֽ࣬£Žڴȥ˾ˡ

˾Ҷ뺯ͻȻԼԹ˕F֪֮٣ĸһԱһŲ֪

Ҷ뵽󣬾ûк͹˕F˵һ顣

ָ΢ŵͨѶ¼ҡڲԥҪҪȥ
Ҷҧҧ㿪˺͹˕Fҳ档

˼主СŮ˕F磬ǲĸˣ֪ĸϲʲô

˕F׼һЩ

һ䵭ҶƲƲ졣תͷѯʣ

˼主СŮƣ˽˕Fĸף

ҼġҲĿǰֻ֪˕Fĸڹ⣬Ҳ

ûеõʲôõϢʲôҶѡ

ʱȻţܿ͵

㣬ԭȲæĳʱˮƽѵһĺʱƽ
Щ뻮һͬʻͬһطAľƵꡣ

ٰһᡣ
ⳡУļһЩˡ

ҶҶĸ첲شӴ߽Ȼһ벻ˡ






30.  ʮ   

ΪҶСΨһһŮ, ҶоעĿĴڡ

ʦƵȹǧһƵɫûгĽס

ĵƹ, Ҷ, һ˴Ŀ⡣
ҵǧΧ߲ͣ, 
ҶС, ÿû˱ʺȹӡ
Ⱥ, ûϴĻӦ˹ʦƵİɡҶСĽԤԼ, ֪, λʦϵĶŵ, Ҳ֪ûҶСĺˣгһ, ŵƵ·

, Ͳ֪˰ɣҶСλʦĹʱؾͿԶ·, ɲʲô˶š

߹, ҶСĺÿ·İĺ䰡, ղҴԶ㻹Ϊӡ

Ҷʤ޵˵Ĵ
ĬĬƵ꣬ҪһȥҸϢ
һϤӰߣ

崿ӣˣϤĸо, ˲ޱ

ҶۣǸ䣬Ҫϸ˾ǲޱ

Ƕ̶̼ӵĵ飬ʹûиҶĲôһء

ҶͣǰĽŲӣôˣǷʲôˣ

ҶҶ˵ޱˡ
ָǸֻһˣƺղ˾һ

ҶǴ㵵ı顣

ûпʲô쳣Ҷתͷе˵ãǲ̫ˣǽ뿪ȥϢ

ҶŴҡҡͷ磬ûµģǻǿ߰ɡ
˵꣬ӿŲǰȥ

ҶҶǿıӰһε̾

ҶߵĴ£Ĵ롣

ֻһλЦ̵ĸˣʲôҲûС
ЦݣҶˣȴǿ룬
ǾҶҶɣ˕F⺢

ҶéٿǰȥֻʮŮˣǽˣ˕Fĸס

ƵĿյϵУΪĿԴԴϵҶһ˿ȹиеȡ

ĸƤݣϵ·ȹӣصѹϡ
㱣ůɫɲ԰ףûһѪɫ

ҶջԼߣԹԵվڹĸԱߣ˵Լĺ

ԪĸƮƮƳһۣ׵˵л⣬֮Ժ
ȥͱĹ죬·ǸֵһĶ

΢ĲʸҶв
Ըȥڰй۲죬ǺĸɫȻЦ⣬͸¶Զһı֣ˣֻһˡ

һһĿǰ񣬾ʣĶӹ˕Fûг֡

ڴſΣڴŹܾʲô
΢֪һ˼ڲˣǶڴ

ĿУһӳڴſڡ

߽˾
ǹ˕F
ȴ͹˕Fɵ

ǰ۾ǹ˼ұ־ԵۣǶĵۣû⣬ֻů⡣

һĨЦ˵ߵĸǰ棬ŹĸɫһȥûЦݣϵЦ˼֣
ĸףǶӸϵף㸣»ٱɽ

ĸһƵϵһ鲻Ը£˵
˷磬ҽ

λй˷ˣûмþգԭੲ˵ͣĸգôûмӰѲɡ

˷绹Ҫ˵Щʲôͼ˕FֵӰƵشſ˾鵢ˣǶϵĺ񡣡

˷ûй˕FӰֻ
˷һ˲ĽӲڼʱڱָָǸɵģ

˷죬Ҫ˵ЩʲôǱ˕F䣬ûиһ
һɺŵ𣬷·ٶ˵һ仰˻ôͲ˵

˷˵һ仰

˕Fǰסĸ԰׵ɫѯʣĸ˰ɣҪȥϢ𣿡

ĸڹ˕Fصͷ
˷һ첲

˷簵ҧһԸǰĸһ첲Ϣ
˵ıӰں濴Ǻгһˡ

ȥҶ۵һ㶣˷磬˭˼ӱֻ

ҶҶĵһ䣬ϸϸ˵
ð˷ǹ˼Ĺ¶ֻЩٳڴǰ

Ҷղſ˷ݣ٣ֻǸ¶

ãһͻĸоҶ˼ɬغҶ˵ţ
磬Ҫȥһ䡣




31.  ʮһ   ʣ

Թһܴľõط

ҶҲû뵽, ſʱſһһŮִ
ŮһϤȻ

ںĵʹ, ҶĵĽӲڽ, ̽һͷ档
һɲ, ϵıþ, ɴ۾Ŵ, ԼĻ档

ִŮޱǹ, һ֪İӡ
Ҫ֪ξ, ޱ˹, ûкĸйܵĽӴ

٣֡ǹ, Ҫ
ޱ, ߺ޵Ҫѽ֮

ûӲǱˣǽ֮, ûյ

ϵǳЦ, Ϊذޱָ·һþͿ԰˫۶ϡ
ޱ, ΪͿңΡ

˵꣬ޱһͷñǼķβ¶
һһĺޱľ硣

Ƥȫޱת, ΢΢浹ȥ˫סСֲͣڿܡ

֮㲻ûɿϵľ
ޱĶ䡣

ŨҵԺɶɵζޱŰΧĿ϶
˿̣·ؼֻʣһζ
ޱر죬ӶȾ֬ɫ

ޱľȣһǴӽ֮ı﷢
ɱˣ缸ǰ˭㡣˵أ

ḡŵһһв

ޱ崿ҲһǰŲʣӿ֮㣬ͣ˿ܣɽ֮
Ǹż֮Ūڹ֮䡣

֮俿ôĽҶ͸˵ıӰΪǡ
޼䣬ûʲô

ҶסԼͣľʻض
ô£ޱôͱ˺ˣ

Ҷ֮жξ룬Ҷ˵ֻܿ˵Ķ

֮Ųǲڴ֮ͥ£ޱ֣ǽϡ
һһޱҪá

ޱĺ촽¶²رۣȴŶ
֪ôһ죬Ҳǵ

ǴιڷϵĵǸԲĻʵȻ
ⳡƺƴ˾֪³ҲǹۿԱ֮һ

ỹûпʼͶֱ䣬ڴŹ׶ޱݺݵĴ
ֱʲôҲûУԼܵ

ʲô˰Լ˾ȥˣñ˺ǰɣôĵҥԣڮ˼Ůӵס

¥ϵģӴʲôУܹߵȽɨ·İ̶Ȳϡ

𣬱๤˱ȣô๤˻Ϊס³أǱ

Զԣ䣬๤˶硣˻ñˣǸӬһ˭ճ˭ù

³ĻһԣһǶĶ
һУԾӣһһ¡

Ҫޱ..ˡ϶ŹܣȫǰԼô䵽ⷬز
³۵ɫһߣ޲ðޱ̻

ڶһ磬³ûһ¸߰سѰҹ
췢飬ʲôûзһûԺʲôӡ
ǰȵؿŵĵԣΪˡ

׾ͷԸɱ³´һҹ˾Ƹ³ôںչ˾ԡ

Aд󲿷ֹ˾ܲãɮ濴棬һʲôֵԱ˼ҵӡ
׵ľҲǣŭһ蹷ζܡ

ʲô˵ʲôʲô¼ҡ
³һҵͽչ˾ûԱܾľ

Գ³ʣHR˵һ飬ԲС㣬Ȼܺãǲϱ˾ҪԿһҹ˾

³վ߸ϵؿHR
ʲôƹ˾Ҳңǹ˾ûеˡ

³ŭ뿪һҹ˾ջͬĻ
ԾܾΣ߰еŭﵽ˶㡣

עHR˵ţǲвѧ𽵹ǹ˾Ǹǹ˾ӡ㵽ãܾҡֲÿȲϱĹ˾

HRǸˣɱŮˡ
³С㣬ǹ˾СݲһǷȰ㣬úԼϵۣڱˣ

λǿ˶ħС

³ͷѣʹ£˫ַסԴͼʹ

HRô꣬ûп龰

ûʲôɣҪҪҽ
ŵǰҪ³





32.  ʮ   

³žһƴHR, ָ׻HRһѪۡ

֮һʹHR𾪵̧ͷ, סİ, ڵ
㡭ǲв

³ͷ, Ц, ۾Ƿɫ
вҿв, ˣ㶼, 㲻в

˵, Цħ, ڿտԼɭ

HRǰŮӣ۵, չʾ, ֱ³ǰ

񲻽ûʲôҵHRĻˡ
һԿףѳ³Ԩ, ڵıӡ

ϵķЦ, ɫ  
㣬Ҳҡ㲻Ǹɫ˥Ů, Ҳ֪ôλãòǿֺĸ˰ɡ 

Խ˵Խ֣ĿHRֲ
˳³һۣûѡӼزͨ˵绰, 

ιǾѰ£鷳һˡ
ԶԣǵǵģXX˾λXX԰

³ûʶ̬ԣؿHRģ
о죬Ҳûʲôã첻úýѵ㣬ҾͲճ¡

HRû˵ų³ϴڿ԰ĺһ
ﲻɵ͸¶Ц

ڵĳ³ǻҩͰһը
ʲôʲôЦİ

̧֣Ҫһλ£һŹHR
³˫ָҪʹһԿֳ֣סĸ첲

Ǿ죬ˡ

ڽӵ󣬵һʱͳ
ȸϵʱĿ˳³׼ˡ

λŮʿҵһ˰ɡ

ɳ³ʱ׺ݷûˣɰؽѯʡ

鲻Ǻأ򵥶н
³ǰɣҪִ磬˻Ҫôʲô鲻ܺú˵һҪִ˲ܽ㵱Ǹ˽ˡ˾ͻɸΪ񲯣Ժðɡ

ׯµɳ³ûвȰţ
ǸǸΡּҲҵǸ

λվҪȥHRͷ³Ƿ

  һƲס
㸸ĸأɳһˡ

³ͣɫûţ˵ĻÿĿİ
Ǹǰɣҵҵ

HRǰͷ­һһ˵ţԲҴˡҲ㡣
ŰؿHRϣҪƽԼ

HRҲͲ绰ˡ
HRĮؿų³û̬

³ĸĸɳһǽŮһ֪Ů˱ϥ˵ζ

Ҳ˳³ĸĸ
Ůû𣿡

ڵĳ³ͷң¹ڲȷǷӡ

ѵĽĸĸų³ɳ

³һŸճӭ˸ƣ
Ǳ㶪ˣ㿴ʲôģ˲ˣ

ϵʹԶûʹ³ס𾪵ؿŸĸ
С󣬸ĸǱҲûУᰤˡ

Ǻ㣬˼Ҵˣ˻°ףӲǰô㿴㣬ʲôǵġ
Բĳ³ĸĸʹļס

³ԭأûڱзӦãɫ
ɫĸĸź̾˿
ˣú÷ʡҺֻҪæ

ʱ仺ţԭأ۵ɫֵָ죬
ޱҪôܵЩ



ĵڶ죬յ׶Ľ֮ޱڵľƵꡣ
ǰΪῴһƻޱ

ţޱƽĿһۣһԣԹԵԶˡ

ʲôûпСү𣿡

ޱͷҲؾ뿪ˡ
½֮ǰĸ첲Ҳһ˦

ޱǿؾܾ֮ĳִֵرʾҪһ˻ȥ

һü춼ˣӸ治֮ܽİ

һܵޱһν֮ԹۣʲôҲûм

ת׼뿪֮ĶǴڹ׵СҪƾıƢͲԸᡣ

ͻȻһ޴󷢳ﵹء

֮ػͷֻޱʹڵϣһţ˵:ȣȡ

߽֮ޱϲĺɫȾһţȫͲ˵ɫ

֮ʶΪޱˣ뱧ޱֱĶͷϡ

̣ǳ̡
ǳȵ¶̵ý֮һҪҪջأޱҽԺȥ

Ҫջֵ˲䣬ޱ˵ٶȣ͵ץס֮ԼϷţﹾţ

ޱԼ֮㻳꣬С޲ļ






33.  ʮ   һ

ޱ, ѣ
ޱý֮

ȰΧκλ, Ψһͷ, ƴܸĵط
ޱˮһ, Ѱĵط

ⲻ֪, ŨҵİٻЮŽ֮㣬ϵȼ˻֡
֮ޱ, Թĵǹɲ˵뷨ˡ

ޱûвΣյĵ, Ķ䱾

޿, ̡
֮һѱޱ, 

֪ϦǺϦݶ԰Ρ

뵽Ǵεľ, ֮ĺɵļ
ڻ谵ľĿռ, ޱֻʣĺضƣ֮Ķĥ

ڽ֮ޱĺ촽ʱ, ޴ײǱ
컵ķΧɢһɶ, ֮̾ɿޱض, 
˭

һһƽҶĵط
գգգ֮ĽŲǲ˵ļ, Ŷ⡣

ûˣ
ֻһˣֻӰ

вŮſڸʲô
һֵŮ˼  

̧֮ͷһλεŮӾ͹ͷϡ

ûнŮһ˲Ǻ죬˵֧֧ᣬ
Ƚȥ

λŮؿ֮һۣﻹƿڴ
ŵģģɲ˻ġһ˴ﲻãƫƫҪŮſڣ֪ĻΪڣ͵顣

ֱĸ䣬ͣ
֮ؿŮ
Ҫˣͽԭʬˡ

ʣ֮û˼飬߻ϲź
ԶȾͷŹˡ

ʱϴ̨ԵҶԼСȡ
ԭֻվɷԼ׷Сȣ֪ײʲô˽֮ע⡣

͵ֵܱ飬ҶʶĶ
ͷ˵˳ƵĽŲ뿪ǿűĽԭء

ҶԼðϸСĺ飬Ӳ˼ˡ
žӣֽϸϸĲȥ߱һǶ˶ɫʯĽָߡ

⺱ɫ״ʵѵÿɹ϶һܿľƷ
ҶɵذָģԺ

һ˶˲ʱ䣬ҶļҶȥķ˲֪ۡ

ҶӰдҴҵҶĸ첲ϤЦݣĴ󷽡
ߵĴ£ĺ̨үҶǡ



ҶȥҲ߻Ц
ֹĹլ»صԭӣį塣

ʱǰڷź֮ǰһʳүȴûθڡ
Щѵν緹ʳʡ
ĸ׵գʱҪǸҶңҶӼһ뺯

ֵܹˣ䵭ĸ֪Ϊԡ
ûҶ˵һжԵøⰲڵ塣
ĸоӿϹүͷ

˕FֲҶϸʳĹ涨͡
һһ棬ǶŷʱڵĹӡ
үȴеĿԼӣȲҶ֪֪ȡ

ĬصͷҶ뿪ֹֻйүӻ

⼸죬˕FûҶĶ΢ҲûϢ
ǿһ飬ġ
ֻϰԲ

߹հ˹գҶ˹ү齵ĵط

ûм棬ûеҶԹүӵĸ飬
һֻŻûɤڷ
үүŶ

үүϴ˵ĶǰףҿǸˡ
ȻڹүԱߣױһóһƾɵס

Ҷͷɫǻ֮ȥĽ͵Źүӵı

ɫʻҶүӵҲ
͹˕Fʮδı棬үͽһƬ֮飬ȴ֪Ӻ˵
󲿷ֶʱֻԣ˴䵭ؿŶԷ

үӴӹصؼⱾס
ȷȷǶǰĹ±ų޴ϲãصذղ
úãˡ

յҪҶȴ¶˼ģ
үүʵ󲿷ǿ˕FİҲ¶˶Ƥӡ

⻰һ˵ڣҶڳ˶𾪵ģ

Ҷѵתͷ𾪣ʹļףεȱ飬ǵɫһʡ
ô뵱Ҷ˵ãʧģع˕Fʲô顣




34.  ʮ   

үӸ׵һ, Ǵ׼ģ
ͷӿοĸо

үӲԸȥ̽仰Ǽ٣ҪĸԸƭ

Ҷ⻰, ˕F۾, ϸ۲Ҷɫ
ֻ, , ܻĿ⡣

ҪǵˣԼ¾ⷬ
˕Fɲ, һ
Сƭӡ

˕FŹүӣﰵ̾һ¡
عЩ, Լæڹ, ڶԹүӵչˡ

ʱ, ӦҶĻ᯼

үү, ô˵ѽ, ǲѽ
Ҷʱ⣬Ծա

Ҷ͹үãõ֦ͷ, үӸȥϢˡ

ҹ¶, ˵ȥ˶ĺ䣬ǻǲĺ⡣

ʱʵڲȥ, ˕FҶ͹үӵ̸
үүϾŵˣҽ˵ҪϢ

ò׺Ϳĵ˽һЩû˵ʲôҪ
ү¶ãҲͯһˣ, 
Fҽʲô˵仰Ļʹˣǲˡ

˕FεؿŹүƤ˽ֲ£Ҷվ˳
үүɫˣȻȥAдϼ죬컹ȥլ㡣

ɢⳡҲβ
ߵߣɢɢʣ°Ӷǻʰо֡
ⳡҲҶپմæȺصʱס

Ϥ޹ζҶڴ˯Ĳȣü壬дʡ

ξһƬտĵط

ܸɾͷһƬƣŵײһء
ƵĹû谭һҶȫԡڹ֮С

ؽµ㡣
ģǲ޻ϡ

Ҫĵطƣͷһ徹ȻƯڿС
޷Զ֮֮ǰ
Ķ

طûб߼ʣҶڿƮ˺ܾãǿûоͷʲô
ΨһģﶼǽһƬʥ覡

ûˣûбľɫûоͷ͸
ˣйƵĽĲȥ
˷˸

ҶطǶ£ռͻȻʼŤֱµĹ
ͷЦ

Ҷĺëսļʣ˭ҳ

Цһ٣ű㻺ʧ֮һϵͬʱҶǰһߵķ

Ӳ洦ɼģ
͸ǣΧĻΪһ塣ˮƲ任ķһ͸¶档

Ҷ͹ˣˣ
һöͨӿ֪һǰĽ֡˸˸߶ĴۣȡοԿĻᡣ

棬ʵ̫ˡ
ҶĻɣȻŷ

÷ھǰ˵˵֣Ȼͻʾ˵ǰ
˵꣬ⷽɢ

ӣҶ촽΢֣Ҷ٣Ҷĸף
ˮһһδӾȥҶĳҶǰ

ֻǾԶڲ࣬ͷ׷
沿ݺᣬɹɺɫָѲ๸۾ǲ
Ҷƾɵ·ɫ滹ҳ

Ҷһʲôʱйǵӡ

ϵãҶͦΡ
ָǰ꣬ߵ˵ţףҿˡĹεļһҵһЯ㣬Ů

ײҶ裬ⲦҶָм
ѣ㻹ΪǸĽܲãһؤǾӪļҲǱ׵ĶӾϡ

Щ̼Ҷ
ˣ˵ҶùĳɾͶҪչϼŻҪЩ򡣲ϧˣôõĹİ·ˣ˵ʬ嶼Ҳˡ

һҶϴ

㡭Ҷ˵ʣȻأקأʹڵϳ鴤

նֵĲ״뿪˼ҶΣ

գҶڵȥӵϴĿ
ʬ廹ĽҰ⼢ҰʳΪ

죬ѩ棬һȺҰȺŵѪζӵ
ǲܵʲôжʳ
ҰȺ˺Ҷɣʬѳһ飬á
ѪȾһء

еĻģˮ³֡

Ҷ˫סͣԼһ˿ʡ
᲻ܿԽԽ

УҶΡΡ˵һ֣ơ

ƵӺû̫仯Ҫ˵е㻰˫Ц۾ôͣʱĬؿǰ

ꡱһŴˣ̫ЯʵĿ谵ķ䡣

Ʋ˭ɷſտǰһҲֹȥ

ýˣϡ⻹Ҫл㣬˵ҪϹܶ졣

׵ƶħڿյķصţݻŶƴġ

õţɫıصС

εŻӿͷܲסˣףȭͷҪŹˡ

ƻûп׵ͱƷҪң㻹Ƕɡ

򲻵ֻܷߺ޵ĿŹףйͷ֮ޡ

ڹǰһֱνôҲѲè׷

תشЦ
ЦУڸһƵ׹

ܲԼµĴܲ˹ʱʱ̵̿ĥ
ѡ´ķʽҶ

Ѫһء






35.  ʮ   ⣿

ν, еĻ滹δûв꣬ҶѾûȥˡ
˵ر۾ǲֻҪԼ, ͵ûз

ȻỹǴۿ, 
Ҷ޷, Լػĺѵ, Ȼķʽ뿪
һյ³

ݵʱҶˮ̫, ۾۵Ӳ

ʣһҶɤ, Ϣ³һ֣ľүӣ
˵˵

ˮɢȥ, Ļһת, һӣڷһ軨͹
ɫı, Ž׵Ĵ, ˣԼ¶䡣
һҽԺĲ

үˡ
һϢڲϣ˫Ȱ۾š
ΨвԵĵͼ֤š

һİ׵˽, һý롣븩., ͸ڹүӶߣűձա
֪˵ʲô, أߵĵͼĲƽһֱߡ
үӵִӴ߻䡣
ˡ

ʿҽһϣ޺һ, ڻһƬ
λİȺУװ𾪵ģ
ûע⵽λӵͷʱ¶Цݡ

ҶҲûע⵽
һμ֤ܵ˵ɫ㱣͵ؿžӡ

黯Ӱ
Ҷֻүʧȥڲϡ

ôϣһΡ

ܰ۵ҶţֽڴһΣںʲôŷ
ͻȻ͵۾ӴӴŴ
ϳһ㱡

ҶȻǵξд龰ؾʵзһ

մ͵չба޴ɲء

Ҷͨͨͣξеĺ
Ҵ´ڷｹ겻ͷӬתתȥͼԼĿ־塣

ջǲͨҶĵ绰

磬磬
Զ׼Ļҡ

Ҷе˹ãôˣǷʲôˣ

Ϊ־壬Ҷ˵ǰԲմ磬ңΣεְȥˡʹصڵϣǰһֱλáûȥ

֮ĻҶûȥͲ

ãζ෴ġ۰ಡ屶ⲻǰȥɽˡ
ҶĿοûʲôãҶڿ޿䲻ͣ

ҶӣغҶ
ðûµģûµġﶼǼٵġ۰ֲǻĺúõġ
ְжã㻹һ¥ģͲǻಡӡ

Ҷģһ䰲οҶƽ

ҶҪ˵Щʲô绰һͷҶܣʮӺһҪٿ

ҶҶУAУһѹ

磬㻹æɡԼһҲǿԵġ
ҶûпڣҶĹҶϵ绰



A鱦ֹ˾Ʋ칫

˵ɣ׷顣
ҶϣŵȺ޲ðͷˡ

Ҷԭʱסúõģܼһͨ绰˵Aе鱦ֹ˾˴鷳ؽȥ

µ죬㿴ңҿ㣬û˸վ˵

󣬶վһˣ˵Ųܲã¸׼ͻ鱦Ʊ˳Ϯˣ˰ѾϷˡ

ԭأȻϮˣȥ˵ȥ

ڡ

ԭ屻ˣйصȫˡ
˵꣬˱۾ȴҶİ١

Ա鱦˾ĵһ죬ͱȷ֪ҵױϮеһƣƵıܺá
ڳԱֵĴƲ鼫ˡ

ѣֱǻ
ô£ôûУ
ׯţ·緶Ҷ̲סƿڴ

ŭصڼžİ칫
˶ŭʵʵذǰǰ󽻴

ôͼĴô붼òܣȷȷʵʵˡ

ڼǰҶϣͬΥԼǾΥԼ£ڹ˾Ʋּɡ
ǣһΣеǾδٵġ

ξҶʵϵ·ܹ塣
ںĶŵõױܺ϶ĳ졣

һĻ̼ҶҲֵ˼
ԼּŵĻǲǸͲᾭЩ

©ƫҹꡣ
ͬǼǧĴӣһǰ鱦ơ
ǲܼʱΥԼߴＸڡ






36.  ʮ   

Ҷ߶Ƹ弱ýͷö, BǱܼһƧĿȹݡ

һŵǲӱ
ȷԱϿȣܼеƷ, ɫǻ֮ȥư

˵, ʲôһҪԼһ

ҪһĻҶܹĻ, ͻܼᷢӡ
ξ, үȥǰվߵӡ

Ӵӵһֽŵ, ȻƵܼǰ
ֽĿǸı꣬Ϲء

ֽһ, ܼϵĶׯʧһɶ, ۵׵̰¶ɡ
, Ҫ뻳С

ȻλӰסֽӣû׵ؾ͸, ѯʣ
йǸӵ, ȷȫʧ𣿡

㻹ģʧĳ׵׵ģûвġ
ʷ, ܼɫòͷˡǮķ, ʵػش⡣

ܼȥıӰ¶ӵЦݣǴס

Ӱʧ, һЦմӿȵ߳ߵһ˵Ľ䡣

ԴĴܵȷûˣزͨһ绰
ϰ, ģѾˡ

ﾡĵ̬ûڿȵֺ

ص鱦˾ܼ౧ֽӿܵλϣڴؿҶĺϷ

óԼһƺõĸֽʱҶæĲɿʱԼɶϣȹ˾Σ

ֹͣ˾ְܲλֵ

ܼճյЦţ·𿴵ְнԼ֡



ܵӰ죬Ҷæµһ֮Уֻܳʱү˵˵

˼ңϲɵشƣɫ

һΣ͹ү˵˵Ż˾۵ɳϣ˯Ĳʡ¡

үϧҶָ˕F˼һСûʲô顣飬ܰһһѡ㵽ãԹۡ

Ҷæ飬ʲôܡ΢һ¾֪ˡ

Aлĵĸǿһľ֣ҶܲܰʱƸ壿

һ⣬ȫעܡ

ЩȦģû˿ҶΪһһõĴС㡣
ҲֻӼҶȤȥˣҲͲġ

үӵȻҲ֪Ҷ˾ʲô
ͼȥҶʱ򣬱˕F

ʱ˕Fô˵ţ꣬ôܼʺ硣
ֻҶԼԺͬĥѲܹȥ

үӿԼĳӲģͻСҪ̵Ļ̣㿴㣬ڶ۳ʲôӰ

˳⻰˕F۵ɳϵҶ

ȵǴЦݣ˵ľҲûС
źڵ۾滹ϵȦ
һŰֽ۵㡣

㲣͸¶ƣ롣

˯ɳҲһ顣

Ҷ˯̫𣬹˕F˯Ľ

˕FߵҶߣӣĸ첲ȴʧıҶߵ

Ҷߺ󣬾סķ仹άԭģȴгһһӭˡ

˕F·ߵüһһ¥ؽҶŵϣ¾Ρ

ڴϵҶ޺ȵСһ

˕Fͷһص̾һ
վԼƵ̫ˡ

ʱȻȥҲ˹ү¥Ϣʱ

ǰүӻǷĲҶ
FҶСûʲô顣Aûм˵ϻˣҪܰʱ򣬾Ͱһѡ

ʱҶѾصBУŴ͹׵ĺ

˕FŴû˵˵ͷǴӦ˹үӵĻͷȥ

үӲָԼͬ⡣
ǳԭûдﵽԤڣɿڡ
񿴵˕Fͬˣ֮ϲүķˡ

ŹүӻصϢ󣬹˕F۷ؿ
ɫĲ輸ϹİڷҶİڻֽһԵ¶档

û֪˕FʵҲͨ鱦ơ
ŶֻϲͲϲڻ벻

˕FҲ

ѧʱڣ˕F¶鱦Ȥ
鱦оҲ¹һЩƵĳɼ
ֻʧȥ˶鱦ƵȤҲͲչ

óֽƷҶơ
ŸֽϴԵسһơ

̵ճ״
ĶΧһ𣬺䣬ýӲʲݣʾ֮ˣ±Ĳͷ

ͼֽעĲϸǶÿһֱע

ŵĸֽͼĺۼʤ
仯仯ȥɾûһġ

˕Fؿ۵¶͵ɫ
˼Ȼ죬Գ

óʣƸհ׵ĵطĸĽ

ڶһ磬ѵ˯һþҶҪϰٵ
Ӱ￴Ÿֽϲ

ֻ仨꣬м׺ıʯ

ռŵĵطʯ䣬ȴֲԵӵԵõ

ʯ͹߶˵ͬʱ̺ʧȥĳʺϸ˵û

Ҷֽ

ûоòԾʱİҹҶЩңΪԼĳʱƵġ

ͻҪˣ˾ĿǰٵҲͿԽˡ
Ҷٿ飬ζƽһŻ

ۿƣƲһ˵ȲŶҶķڷ

쵼ߣҪԲơ
󲿷˶ҶƫΪòûֻϺȡ
ֻݣûڿڡ

ϣһУͻг






37.  ʮ   

, ###ʦ#ȴռѣѶԴ۷׷ס

ŶҶ̫ÿ˰ɡмʯ, ôôÿ
ԶԶ, ȵʯǴһ, 䡣, ·˾һƬãã޼ʵĴ
Ȼʲô֮רҵʣֻ֪ҿ, ĸоõϴ̫ˣһ޷ݵ
ϧǮտ, , Ǿ, ƣ·ůʢһ, ޶ˡ

п, пŵ

ϳɵʦҲע⵽ҶȽȽǣĥлһ
ҹ˾ʦ, ȥͲ, Щ鱦Ԫء
С, ʱܸܳһƷ

һʱ䣬ҶҲյԺĳ
ҶŮҼҺһ쵽֪, ˼ϡ
Ҷϸ磬㵹ǿ԰ˣӡŮһ˾ҿ⡣
ҶиȮŮ£ŮҲҶҿǲ˰

Ҳ鱦˾

Ǻ̷鱦ĳڵĶ⹫˾
Щ󣬵һʾҹ˾ǱĿá

ǶԽԽϲ˾Ʒ

ǣҺ˱ƷƣǿƷƱĲƷоҲ
ţ¥˵ĶԣȻûľޣͦͿġ
ǿͲʸడûбʯ۸ֻҪһǧԪ
˵ֻҪ룬͵ӵͼǣ׼µˡ
ȵңҲ׼ҪˡֺÿҲÿ
أΪʲôû㷢ӡڱĵֹӻ
㲻һˣҿϵӣʲôǧ

˻ϲǳ

ЩҶɵĸǣɵˡ
Ҷˣ˱Ʒ

ǰɲǰɣҶʲôʱôˣ˵һǲݰ
˶ˣ粻˵òûԴ
ˣӶһµ㻨ǮͷԭҪ׬㣬ںˣûǮˣҪˡ
ʲôһѹ˴ء
˵Ҷţ˵ͦÿġ

ģҶͷķõŤת

ԶBеֻܼ࣬ѣ
֮ȼա

ôܣҶķʦЦ
ĽشԵƳ
϶˭ڱ

׼ϵĸֽϣƺڳЦ
㿴㣬ʲôãæôãȲ˼ҶСָ
Ȩĺôӻ־Ϳ԰ܽ˵

ܼߵ˺˸ֽ
뿪˹˾һƧصطͨһ绰
ιµ֤ݣ԰ﵽ㡣

Ƚ̸ǵı飬

Ҷ㲻һ˼ңûб¾ͱռλòš
ĺҪ־͹á

λӺܼͨ껰ͰֻݸӰˣ
ϰ壬ˡ

ת¶Ӱ
ǹס

λӣýˣҲǹ¹Ӷ

ǰʱ䣬ڷϵĽŹүӲˡ
̸УԹ׵Ĳ

ûã˼ҽ׵ϢΪ
Щֹ֧׵Ĺɶԥˣ׼Ҳԥˡ

ǲǿڹףӲӵĹ˼ӵݡ
᧿ΣҪҪдǡ

һʱ䣬׾²˳
˵Ҫǩ̼ͬң˵ҪǼ졣
Ҫ˺ҲװҪæȹ˵

װЩͨͨҶͷϡ

Ҷ鱦˾һ̣ױһֱıһЩ顣

ǻǮܼͨ࣬Ƹ
ŲϧԱ⣬Ҷߡ
Ϊ˾Ҷڹ˾Ʋ̶չݺݵҶһ

ƾҶǸľԴֱһ׾ٵ顣
û뵽硣

Ļ׵ͷ
ϵĻ϶ҶĿ佱Ļ޷Ŵ

ǺǣʲôҲ˿佱
׵ź

Ǹ³Ϣұȥ
Ļŭ

׾ǼѵעҶϣһɫǺ

Чʾǿ죬ܿϵѳ#³##³ȥ#
ЩʣͼҶЩϢѹ

³ޱ飬֮ȥһ֣˹ס
ײĴˡ

³ǵͼ۸ޱ
⼸׮鶼ڹ׵ϱĵϡ

һˣͷԸ˰˳³˾ҽԺĻʿչ˳³
᲻ᶪⲻǹ׸òĵ顣

˶죬³ͱ˲ˣӣ
ͷ͹ⷢճһһ
ͷϲ֪ճʲô˵ġ
ɫƣ촽ѣǴԭʼɭֹ
ϡ첲ϸС˰һһѿϽš
·ҲƳһһѵر塣

ȳ³ĸĸʱǼģĳ³
ĸĸۼɫ

ĸӰ³ȥץųĸӲţ
ţְ裬ҳȥûвûв

뿿³һӶζ
ĸüͷһ³ָԣúƣʲôʱ򲡺ˣٽȥ

һڸŮھϾĹϵ
ĳ³ҲûоıҪ

ûжãҽԺǱ߾ʹ³ȥϢ
Ϣ󣬳³ĸûбˣѵı顣

ѿֲ´һų³Ĺϣ
ԭǻо񲡰ֲ֮ǰо־塣
ȥҲãԼвΪΪΪ񲡾۸˵Ľڡ
¥˵Ķԣ֪ǲģͷ˭ûһϵëһġ
֧֧֣ƽˣ˴˵ԼǾ񲡣ҪƲá

ˮӿ룬ڳ³󶼲ԸŹҪڮ

Ҷ֪ԼѵϢشֻҪѶƵķ

һۣҶע⵽³š
ȥŵ¶ۣһ׹뺮




38.  ʮ   

񶾵, Ҷ·ξ

ʱޱѾ͹˳һ˹ֻԧ죬ɵ
ϻһ˵cp, ǶԼ׵ǰŮʹ
ڴһ, רעԼ
ݲĿ
Щÿ첻ǿ˵, áҶ·ϡ

ѹһݡ
Ҷ̬ױ, ڱУ߲
ض֢

ʱ, Ҷһȵ˯ߣһݳޡ
ôԼ, ʹ, ȥһֽѡ

ʹЩֻξﾭ
ֱĸо̹, Ҳǡ

Ҷָ⻮һۣ۾עϤۡ
ʮ, Щ۵ı, ϶ˡ
ĺⲻӿ˻ɵ𣿵ˣҪһ, Ÿ

ƲסеĿ־, Ҷҵĺýö죬

˼主СŮ, пǸŮ벻˹׵Ĺϵ
Ҽġȥúһеģýຣ뿪ˡȻ֪ʲô¡
̫, ףҶС㣬Ϊˣʦĳƺš
ôôÿҺýƳġ
˼主СŮ˵ƣͷܾãʧ鲻Ծ
˵úõģôйȫˣ
Щʦֲǵһҵǲض
Ҽġв˾ļзʲô
˼主СŮֵĵطˡ
˾еļҶˡΨʮǰҪڽбȱʧǶʱӰ
ڱʱΣһжûκɵ㡣һɣڼرǸʱζֽš
ҼġĻ鼫пΪġ
˼ҸСŮάʱ伫̣ʮӡܹô̵ʱе
Ҽġ㣬Ǹǻ
ûз飬Ƴ˵Ʒ˾ͽ¶šҲûʲôãָĳԱĴ⣬ֲǲܡ
˼主СŮԣ˵Ҳеһע⹫˾ҵҪĸèеֶ˵顣



Ҷù˾⣬͹үӵ׼̻ؼҡ
ǱޱϵҶͷȡ
ԼҪҲҶͺˡ

ޱĽмһ
ôˣҲҪѣ

þʱûмޱе˶Ŀ

˴˼ޱ˼µ˵һ仰
ġңû˼

ǲزסɬͷҪù׿

ʲôȻҸ˰š
пɳ赭д·һ

ǣûСֻҪҶɫĲա
˵
ԼôôأʲôҲãõĳֵıҲûС

Цһ
գҶǸɵʲô£Щӱ͵ġҲģŻġ

һ䣬ޱ°ͣ
㣬ʱרҵ˹ơȻôĵĻȥҲá

ģ˵ľһ

ͻȻϢޱһͣűߣ
ҶôôԵԱ˵Ͷɹ˵ͶɹͲֵǮ𣿾Ϳ͵
֮ǰһǸˣԭҲǸСˡ
ǰأι˹ˡ

Żޱһ߷߲ƽЦӹ׵ǻз
ȡˡ

ޱ߶Ǻʱ˵˼
ԣʵԸôأ

ޱ˼Խĺˡ
ڹ׶ϸϣô

Ҷصҵʱ򣬰ݷﲻ
ҵϣרƵĻᡣ

˼С㣬ǲܵƵġ
ʵϲҵƣ鷳ҵĹ˾ϵרŵ˸顣

ӦһŵˣҶƣɳϢƷűеĿȡ

Ӷ˽һź
С㣬һ뺯

Ҷнӹźӡ̽ȫ鱦ʦ֡

üëһ
ǹ鱦򺬽ߵı
ԲѡżΪ̵Ҫ
뵱ԼѧʱһͿԲμˡ

ҶһĿʮУٵݣڼɫûʲôȤ
ֱµС֣ע⡣





39.  ʮ   ֪

αms.liرί

λ鱦繫ϵĴ, Ϊһ
϶ۼʢĵظơ

ȻйʵϢȴ޼
û֪ms.liʵΪ

ߺҲǴء
ߺ, û׼ȷϢ, ֻж̶̼еؽܡ
Ƴ, ǼĬ, һѶҲûС

ǰ鱦ƽ޴, û֪
ֱĳһ죬ĳرͻȻһʷǰơ

ڲͬ, ѸƵĳ, ʦΪ
Ҳߺ, ˲űƽռһϯ֮أһԾΪڶĿеż

Ҷһ, ѧʱڵż

ms.li, ٳڹǰ֣鱦չʽ
αίĴָ
ȥͬ⣬ĵݷϴӾ뵽

Ҷûɲμα
źż, ۵뺯, صطŽ

ǽȥĲƷõһ۾ͺˡ
Ҷڴš



˕FȻѡְҶ, Ͳɻ򵥡
Ϊ˽ʼĩ˕FԸȥ顣

Ϊ䴦˼ʷ⣬鼫Ϊ
ڶ̶̵ʱ䣬Ͱһ

ݵڷڹ˕Fİ칫ϡ

˕Fϣ˹ĵطġ
ȿһʱ, һ٣ŵٿһۡ

Ļ־Ȼǹף˕Fһ
ԼõܺʹгԶ뵽ȻĹε顣

ȹ˕F󣬿žУվһԣȴŹ˕FķԸ

˕Fޱ飬Į
ȥһҺ͹׼ʱ䡣

Ȼָûй¶ĵĲƽ

򵥺͹Ǳ߽һشЭ صͰڹϼŶĿ

عͷһεԼ̸
׶Դ˼Ϊӡ

ͷžĵĴ磬һ˿
Լʱ䵱ʱ˸һڿȺԵóʮ㡣

Ų¶һЦݣӭŹ˕FĽ
磬ˡ

ȹ׵ڣ˕F䵭ࡣ

˕F΢΢صͷǻӦ˹׵ʺ
ţǰݸһֽ  
޾ϸдţЩӹ׶ҶΪ

磬ʲô˼
ûֽӹһ΢ЦĿŹ˕F

ף磬Ϲ˼ңְɡүүϣ
˕Fһ˿Ź׵۾ͼҳĻ⡣

¶۾ͬûһңһţ
磬˵ʲôô

˕Fٴ˵
ףԼú÷ʡɡ˺Ҷ黹ҪʹֶΰĹ˾үүн̹㣬Ҫ㵱һС𣿡

㻰Ѿ˵׳ˣɫǲ䡣
װƣ
磬˵Ļʲôȥݺ⼸죬ҺúõĴڹ˾ʲôҲûиɡ

Ż˵ĺãԶв˯ŵˡ
˕F׵ı⣬źҡҡͷ˵ʲô
ǰ˕Fһۣ˾뿪ˡ

׸ɫܻ
·ڳЦЦǸСЦʲôҲȲ˕F

ʲôǱҴ꣬浱ҵĳˡ






40.  ʮ   

˕Fߺ, ǷݿظŹеϣذϡ

Ͼһݳ裬λεʾֶ֮ӡ
ܷԸµС, Ҫץ, Ȼ˰ѱ

۾, ϵıһ, ûв·о⡣  
ϵ, й¶ĵķߺޡ

һȺ
ô, ץ˰ѱ

ϵ, ͷ뿪

һ·, ٿķɿ죬۵糸, ǰ˾ʮӵĳӲǱѹʮӡ

һ, ֱ鴦һŭ𣬽칫ҡ

ûзӦ, Ϊʲô
ӭһȭͷ, Юŷصҵϡ

һȭŹŨŨŭ, ۵ֱʹ
̧ͷҪʹΪʲôҪ

û˵ڣžһϵϾӵϣʮʮŭ⣺㿴㣬С¶, ǲǵı˲֪ʲô

ѩ׵ֽŷ׷£ڸסвɢĽűߡ
Ĩϵִֽһţһ
һ־ĸоӽŵװֱǣȫļƤëȻ

ֽһֲԼɹ飬ϸµʲôʱԷ˯С
һֱڸ㣬͵

ɫûţ˵ΡΡź¡ֽŵָǲѣܲãûá

ĵǸûн׵ŭ𣺡ǸǸ𣿻Ͻȥ飬˭йܡ
֮񣬷·鲻Ҫ̻һ

ѵܴԿصŹ׵ŭ

صͷŹױ̬ȣǣǡܲȥ顣
Ĺŭ壬ŸʲôϽȥɻ

뿪󣬰칫һƬžжԹ˕FĲ޵ķŴ
ҵĺø硣



ʱƹԣܿҪ鱦Ʊظһ졣
ǧݸˢˢػ㼯鱦ί

ݻؽƸλרңһãǧݵĸѡƷ

ms.liάظУһʵʵأΨһ˫۾¶棬˷ֱ治١

ڳίms.liίϢʱܼ
Ϊйms.liĳ鱦һδ֮գû֪ա
˫۾ſڣҪһλʦķա

ӳľȻӣǲʧ
װʵûа취֪µģ

˼ʧܿ͵״̬һ˸߲ҵӭms.lims.liˣӭӭҿɾ͵ˡ
þò㻹Ǻǰһذ
ms.liǴæ˰һο㻹ǰ
ûйϲEٰչ˵˵صıֽýһͨﰡ

Ms.liЩû˵ʲôͷǶ˵ʺ򣬽űϯλϡίСһ㡣
ЩίƽҲǾ˴ĶܵվһС񡣵ҲΪС£ͺms.liǰƽϵ顣

ݼȫίⳡ鱦Ĺ
˵һѣһݣעԭƷһǳϮĻ5ڲòμӸþٰ췽ٰ鱦

ЩǿԭƷıȡ
ΪȫӰ鱦ɲҪҵһάԼϴĽλ

ЩίҲҪ֪һЩƣԱʾ֪ˡ
ǵȵ󣬱ΧԲϣһǧݵƷ
ʱûע⵽ms.li۾һݡ

δһԭƷһȽȽ߸Ƚ
۵ĳͨеίִݣŻζĳ棬һƬżȻм䲻ͬ

Щί鱦꣬۹ⶾ
ԽƷɨһۣ֪һ˵ʵˮƽ
ίͬǶЩɬƷĸ֪һ£ҲûʲôҪִĵط

Ǻĺ죬ίĽҲһƽ
ֱгõĳһͼơ

ҶƷҲڶƼһĺ̨
ƵƷһ࣬˲;סˡ
ơ󵨵ίԺֳ︡ĵһͷ

ɫ绨Ƕһ׺ڴ׵ʯϣЩɫıʯǺƽŵҶչƽϢ
Ǳһϸϵסӵĳڸ첲ϲһȦ
İ׳Ʊ£ʯԣʡ

ίǿƷϵЦݾûͣ˼شλվƲסĻǴƷиܵˣλʦ̺ž޴Ǳ

Ȼms.liϵƽ룬ϸ۾ı飬ϸ΢ܸ֪ķߺޡ
ϤıʴϤĴ䣬ms.liֵ̿顣
ϵЦݻûţ㽩Ӳͣסҿϴſ֣

ίھ̾ҶƷľޣ
죬ǿƷĴĿǰΪֹҼõƷ̫˾ϲˡ
үͷԣλʦ츳СҺܸܹһʦܹˡ
֪ûаʦһ񣬾һԴﵽ󼰵ĸ߶ȡ

Ŷ߶ҶƷƵms.liĵ¶֮飬һĻͻأ𣺡ϸʯ鱦ϣеʶ𣿡

ԣͣms.liĻ

̱ʯķֲ״18귢Ĵաӡϵĳһƶȸߴ80%
Ms.liȻһأΪ϶ƷڳϮһʵ

⻰Ǿףҵ⽹ۡ뵽ֹϮȻ֪㲻ʵ
һʱ䣬ίɫʰ쵣޲óԼƣջǰ漫佱Ļ





41.  ʮһ   Ϯ

ίĿ鶼ms.liĻ
һϳɵǰ, һǳé®С͸˭Զ׼
ǽĿ鱾С֤̬, ms.li2018귢Ĵաӡϵе鱦Ƭ

һms.liбʱ, СС鱦Ʒʤö, Ǹղ˵ƾʮ
źһƷ, ѵҵλãȻһһԱ, һƷ˵ݵĹע

Ms.liƵƷʰ쵵ʯɫĻ, װɫĺϽ, Ǵ, ͵ĲݵʢŸɫĻ䡣Ѥöָ
⺺Ʒ, һʱĳͷǣҶϮˡ

ȵݰms.liƷڷŵλίǰ, ЩһΪҶϮʼΪصĳϮֱű˵ĴС
֮ǰϧŵͷί, ذ޷ϡ
ϵ, ٶչֳ顣

Ms.liһ԰й۲˵ı飬С㡣

һ, ͿԾ˵ˣĨɱ鱦緢չĿܣŪζҪ̫ˬ
ű˿Լϵɫڿֺѵϴȫ͸¶졣

׼չʾһѡֵƷʱ, ms.liѯʵ飺ݣϮ˭ʱҲñܿҵͽܡ

Ҷ
ŵݻһ䣬һذը

ίǰʱѣνӡ̣䲻һʴӱʦ
鱦ҶƳעȼߣ˻ƻȥݷһҶֽ̽ʱ뷨

ڷһ飬ίǶҶӡνǽ㡣
ҲпǳϮġ
˽ί겻ѣû뵽͵ĺ󱲴ӹӾõ
Ȼms.li֪޴˷С
ûãԼ仰ͻٵһŻˣעһʲôĳɾͣһ顣
ֿԶȸղŻҪࡣ
Ms.liֲ¶ϵĵ⣬þòɢ

ǧƷȻǲ٣Щί鱦һɾȻûʲôִܿ켸֮ھȫá

ɣսҲڹ
ȴһֻǲμӵ˹עȻ󲨡

#ƳϮ##ʦϮ##ľԭ#ЩűĹϾ͵ѡ

ϴѣȻûӿҶǼҹ˾΢£ʲô

˵ʦǲǳϮȫҲǲǳϮġ
¥ϣҴ󷢴ȱĸ㣺ǵģʦǳϮȥ鱦ƱĹװдƷӳϮ5겻òμκθþٰ췽ٰıǲǳϮͲˡƶϮҲǳϮġ
ҿˡЩòҵһϺθڵǳϮģ鸴.jpg
¥ϵ㲻һˡÿֱӾˡˣؼһƼݡѡһ뵽ҵƼˣһϮƷ˽Ǯ˾͸˲Ӭһܡ
ǣ֯ˣҲոյңԭҪȦģұ顣ڿҲǣҲǡһ˾ķúõĸ㴴ˣһ쵽ڿ˼ȥ˼ҵģyueˡ
ܾܲٱˣ鱦ƽ磬ҪڿԾڹǰ뵽Ժ򵽵鱦ǸƵģȫó׵ϴɾоԼɾҪˡ
˾Ӧøҹǲǵˣʲôţ񶼳˰
ǮǮϮ˵Ʒǻ˼׬Ǯ²ˣȻʱң޳ܣ

ڼ̵ʱڣ϶Ҷ˲
Щ׷׻Ϊˣ󶯸ɸַҶľֹ
Щԭͻ𱬵飬һѻ
ҶϷʲôûʱȥ˽⡣
ܲð칫ҵλϣͷöش̴ֹҪ

Ϊ˲ù˾ʧȥЩḷ́ҶһȰȥ˵˵ס˼ĴҶ鱦˾ͬϵ

ҼġˡͻȻһȺ˵ģ˴ͷ㣬˵ǳϮģǿЦƾı»ҪϮһЦЦҥԿҲЩСӲŻš
˼ҸСŮƣ˵ʲôʲôϮŹ˼죬ô˵ʲô˼
ҼġˡȥϿһȺӶڿ裬
˼ҸСŮƣõĺõģϾȥ

ҶΧ龭
ȿμӱƷʱϮʱҶԭء
ϮϮ

Լģ۾ٴӳǳϮ֡
ĪһͰˮҶôˣ̫ħˡ

Ҷ̾͵ԼĴţ顣






42.  ʮ   

ͬʱ, Ҷķһʱ䲻һӵƵⲨȶ, ѸʵѰһ

Ƶģ, Ҿͷζ, ߵҲʡӽԾ͵ĵġ
ƵĻһŮ, ǰɫĳǺɫİȹ, ԼԿ·һͼؿڡ
һ޴logoȻͷlogoģ, ǿԿŮ֮
һжָŮ, ѡĿѡ֡

ѻûзӦ, ΪʲôһѡĿѡֻҶϹϵλѡֽĻһʯǧˡ

ҪǲҪˡʦпܡ, ǳϮƷġ
˵֧֧, аϢȴǾ޴ġ

еͣٺŮ˵ͷСԱϮ񻹲֪, ˵ܲ˵š
ѻҪ֪, Ů˵ЩʲôƵȻֹ, һȵѡ

ǰȶʱƣѾ½ƵһϾͰµĸ߷塣

ߣǵķߺ޳õҰ׼ȷع޹Ҷ
Ҿ֪ʲôʦ, ǹ߳ƷǳϮģǰʱȫҲǳϮġ뵽Եķӡ
ʲôͷб¾˵ҵҪͷȻӷɣȥȺˣ˵ĳɹ
Ǿǣǰƽȣƾʲô˼ҾȨͿһ˵ķȨУ1202갡⽨һףǻ֮

һƾƵм˳ϣҵƵŮ˹崿˵ͯʱھΪ˵ޱ

Ϊη൱һֱ·תۣεؽޱ˽λ
ͳСۣʵΣҷˣżеӡ
С㲻ۺҳĻôÿ˰ˡ
Ŀ治ˣôÿС㣬ǰȻûʲôͷ̭

ʵޱڲμӽĿǰͺͽĿǩ˺ͬ
ǱλڶѡЩǽĿƵľ籾ûЩѵͶƱء

ң⵵Ŀ̾ǹףͶգΪޱԸܻޱ

ޱʵʵ˵ѳ嵽Ҷá塣

ˣϮߵΧɣô죬Ǯôǡ
ǺգǮүǮү³
ȥ鱦粻ӭİ

鷢͵̬ȫms.liһֱڱս
ѷһһߵms.liƲסЦݡ
ҶҶĺҪ־͹츳˭ߵкɲɵأѡҷƵƷүעⰡ

ҶѹĲ״ms.liǲ㣬׼³

Ms.liת鱦ƱĹ棬ʼһ֣ÿһʵġʦǰ֧֡һжҪܹƷĻϡ

Ms.liλ齽ϸߵĻ棬ΪżͬҵѶ
ʲôңҶ㻹еѧŶԣϮ뱲Ҳס
ҵŮˡλôŮҰ㡣
ġȥƽ粻ӭˡ

ԽԽʦվҶֳϮˣƽ磬ĨɱҶΪʦһпܡ
ķչƣĻms.liڵõ㡣



Ҷڷ˲û뿪ڼߣϵķ
žԼѾ飬ȴûţһҶһ³

ΪСĺӣߵ˺ƽ˵ûУỹ
һʱ䣬Ҷνŭ죬޵ķŭҪй

Ե޹ǻḶ۵ġ

ֵôзҶ벻֪ѡ

Ҷֱˤһ̨ԣʾ֪Ϣķŭ
飬ȥ飬ĸ۾ļһȻеҼӡ

һԵѻȸҪҶùͷͷһοĶŵܲã󶯸λӡ
߳ȥʱͷŵѳһĵĻ£µеĻš

ϢҲ˹˕F

ܾͻȻһˣǷĺҶС㡣ҶСϵķֹۡ
ر꣬Ͱͷ£ӹ˕Fڳ̼ɫ

󣬹˕F·һ˲ͣ۵زļ䡣
ͣæĹ㻹ȥ飿

ڹ˕FҶ˵ĵ£չѸ͡
ûСʱⱳһms.liŮ˸Ĺ

ĿҶϮýĿڹˮӲǰȦ֪ı֪ĵز
ҶΧµۣаms.liˮۡ

Ҷﻹסֱӵ֤˺ţms.liնߡ

˵˵ǳϮģɥĲĻǮˮܺãɣMs.li
ĶŽӲӵҶϼŶ³ͷΣճϾڶΧۡ

ôһһ޿δܽһ£
ȵȣһһʼĳϮݺʵ˹ⰲŵģ˾ms.liɣ˶ɵˡ
ȥȥϢҲ̫˰ɡǣϮί𣿶ֲms.liһ˿Ծģְ
ǣѲɾҵĹעƫǿΧ֤ı־ҶϼŰⲻBеĵһҶǾǱ׼׼ĸ𣿺üһ·ˡ
ԲԣáĻҶͷȷʵСĻǸƵӹɾġƵҶͷСǳϮǣ˱ˡ

¼ms.li£Ҫ齲
ڶɣms.li˿ţû̻ظѵʣյĥʱ⡣

ҲŲص˺ţ2018꡶աӡơ
ms.liϾطǰɣǰɡ21۾Ϲ˰ɣ𲻳֮ƶȰɡ

һϵķֱˣѶ಻Ǻܿˣ
˲ˣͷ϶ھһϸճ꣬Ͼµģӵ¿ûǿ졣
žһ£ֽܿˣעһ졣ϷŵҲ̫̫˰
¥ϵֵǣȵң㲻ͬһҮϳԵֳֶţ̫ˬˡԺŹϵѧŵ㡣

Ҫ֤ݣ̶ʱڹ˕FյģҶ˶١
Ȼڷms.liνԭƷʱ˕Fɵˡ
˵Ҷڽms.li˵ms.liڰԼ׼ȷ

վڷ˼ϵͼǰ˹˕FƵ
ms.li˱ʯɫеӷ״Ƕʯжģȫ͹˕FƵһ





43.  ʮ   ת

˕F񾭸߶Ƚ, ms.liƷνԽԽľ
Ʒ˕FĪϤԽǿ, ·Լƹġ

еɻ, ˕Fһ˺, ѧʱƵƷ
ԱȼƵƷ, ˵һģһ˵ȫһ¡

ƵĻ硢鱦, Ӵʵѡһ
ڵƷ˹˕FƷĽ, Լķ, ûо޵ĸо, ȫĲ

һ⣬˕FⷢƷ, ȫ, ˸־ͳƷ

̵ǣŽms.liϻһٳƷ, ԭⲻذ˹˕Fơ
Ms.li󻹽ýɷ, ھͷǰԲѵģԼľ

˕FĻ, һƷ£Ϯˣ𾴵ʦ  

˕F˻ķ϶ΧţͷϵͳԴģʱĵһΧ
ms.liŮʿ, ΪʲôƵƷջᱻд֣ҿЭṫϣԶԭƷͷ

Ľչһתһԭƽ˻ڹսҪԼ֡
ǿв۵ˣȻ鱦ƽһָŮЩƽסˡ

Щms.liƽķ˿ܿ;ۼ˕FΧ棬
ţ꣬ʲô˶һͼ׼ˣ
ʲôˣҼżԶһЩҪѷȦһ״ȦȦͲһס
ͳϮ˰ʱʱƵأʲô֤ݿ֤ҼŮǰ滭ģǳϮĻһ˵ϼϮҵƷأ
¥ϵģˣǲȶ¡զˣȫˣҪǡǮ 
ʾֱ˵ˡ

ЩΧ۵·˿ȦڵˣһΪǳϮЩ·Ǿͼл˕Fϡ
񲻶ģǡǮԸԺƷᷢ֡
ǾǣΪСѧˮƽܺʦᲢۣ
Ҫˣ˵ɣҶǮncۡ

˕Fķû̬תѸӽеҶϡ
һ󲿷ֵѾΪҶԼݣΪýǮ˴Ŷϴס

Ҷµ۸ӵ޼ɵ䱬ݺ󣬴г̬ӿ룬̾۲β
ȦĵطǮǶ²סҵģΪǮͿΪΪɡЦ
ôϲϮרŹڡ㣬̧ͷⶼ1202ˣΪѶûӵ
ǺգȻɫѲյĹ

Ǿms.li˵ms.li״̬һֱڻֲ̿
Ļ˕F͵ΧҵҴҵѰʲô

ѵǷˤ˴ʦĽ
ҪƷ飬ms.liҲˣͷӬһڵĽ䷭ңҳĶ˵ڵϣġ

ms.liڵһҵʲôʹĻһӡһ澮ȻİڷŹ˕FȫƷ
ms.liҵ˾ݣæطҳһŻֽϸϸغ͹˕FΧжԱȡĩˣڵϣϵޱȵľţˣˡ

ԭms.liĻǳϮ˕Fġ
ֻǺ˕Fʧȥ˶鱦ƵȤҲûйע鱦Ϣ
ûϵ뿪Ʒ  

˾ms.li

ڳǰһűҵ꣬ϴʦ
һЩӰ˵ƵԼ
һżȻ£һЩƹһ鱦ʦȦϢ
Ms.liһ֣Ȼ˳ˣǰƵƷ˷ˣβԼǱΪ

Ǻms.li˕FƷԼ֪ȣ˳һ鱦ʦĿеż
Ms.liҲ±֣һΡι󣬾ûзʲô飬ܵԽԽ˵׷
£ms.liԽԽ޼ɵչ棬Թ˕Fʲôı䣬ֱӸԼ־ͷˡ

ms.liɧ£

ԣںӱߣвʪЬ
˵Ĺ˕F̾ͷԸ¡λץȣӿٶȣms.li

ڹ˕Fͨ£λƴĺʱܡ
ǿ֧£Ǻķ˲Сʱ׵׵زms.liЩΪ

ûԥû棬ܺͽ⣬˕FֱӾͰѵĽϡ
ΣʲôҲû˵

Сڵ鱦Ȧôһλѿϣ˶ɵˡ
ȥȥԾ׽
¥ϵĽãԡⲨǳϮûгϮˣͼڸ࣬ǿⲨms.liṬǿϧˡ
ˣ뵽ǰǸôһλ˵үˡ

ʵϣвms.liʵ˿ڸţЩ˿Ͳms.li飬һжǹ˕Fݺ
ʲôἦҲɣҼҽ㲻Լ
ӣҪҼҽ㣬Ʒô𣬻лҼҽ㣬Ҽҽ֪ȡ

ms.liϮ󲻾ãϾӻԾüȦڴУ׷Ҷ˵
ǴרҵĽǶָҶͷβûгϮƵϿǺms.liƵĲ࣬ĺرԸ͹ɳϮ

ȥһЩгѵ̬ȿνһٰʮȵת䣬׷׵ҶµǸ
ɷ죬һǸѡ
ãҴˣҸ˵ԲMs.liģԼһϮˣе㡣ίı
ãģ˲Ʒ





44.  ʮ   

ǰ˫н, ܳɾһˣҲܻٵһˡ
ЩѼȻҶΧȻҲڵ֪ʱ, ȥms.liΧ¹ڦ
Ҫ, ô޳֮ˡڰײ, Ѻڵ˵ɰ׵, Ѱ׵˵ɺڵġӴˣҲʲôˡ
, ms.liҿ, ˡҵʲôû, С͵Сһ׵Ǹˮ, Ź˵ÿһŻûӺ𣿲Լ𣿶ġ
ЦϮ˵, ˵ǳϮġ, ҹȥҪֻɫ

ڹ˕Fms.liоҶҲʾ
ؽΧѰһ, Ӳڰһһ졣

, ȫû˲֪ms.liɥĲΪ
ncۻڸ翹, Щ֤ѡԿʼΪms.liûЩ۽Ϊ

󲿷ѻǱǵ̬ȣܵ鱦ƱΧ£ǿҪ췽Ҷһס

鷢չز, 鱦Ʊĸ˲òվԼѡϵʧ󣬲ҳŵҶһĲ

鱦ЭŸŷݼˣms.liȡ˼ΪĴ¼ʹڶӣȫ˼ȲõӰ졣Эɱms.li鱦ʸ

£ms.liӡ
ڸѹ£շҶ͹˕FǸ˵ԭ£ҴӴҲ̤ƽ硣

Ϊⳡ־ľߣҶ鼫Ϊӣһ·
ƽ͵ĸ磬ϱź
ζƽվms.li
Ĵʱů

ҶͨҶĵ绰
磬ܲҵṩms.liϮ֤ݵ˭Ҫлл

Ҷɤ𣺡ãģѾ취ȥ죬ҲˣϢ
ҶɵҶ

źõģ֪ˡ磬ҲҪϢŶ
ҶͨͲݹҶҲһů
ùԼˡ

϶ֺҶ˵˼仰ҶعҶϵ绰
ͨҶող鵽ϣϵɫް

˕FǣнӴǹ˼ңҶҿɵ 



ҶݳϮƺƴרעѵͱޱҲš

ڹ˕FϣһŮѵ׼˯·ϣ̸Χϵȵ¼

ǿԭǸ˵ǳϮǱԩģָϮǳϮģ˵㲻Ц

仰һ䣬һЦ
ȴЦˣλŮ˵Ҳ֪λ˵ǳϮˣŶ
Ȼʮ˫۾̵ؿޱҪν͡
ЩŮһϷʣ͵ſޱЦ





45.  ʮ   

ޱվԭ, ۾ãɫ˵ʲôҡҲ֪
˵, ͷȥ, ҺȺŮ, ܵȺŮ衣

, ڳŮޱһףֻα
ޱҶϮȶ, ɹڱ˵λ, ˱˵롣
󲿷ѡֶĲ
˭Ҳ֪, ޱһἷ˭λá˵Ҷѡ, бƾʵƫƫ, Щıֶ, ޳ 

ЩŮĺǳ£ޱһԲصͷȫһ, һֻܾӡ
ڳ, ⳡʮʮЩŮ۸ޱ

˵Ůޱ̵ӣһӵĻ
˵, ȴһҲ˵ʲôӦҲûС

ư˵Ļ𰡣
˵Ůѹɤ̲ŭ

ޱȻǿز˵, վԭء

һľͷˣûκηӦ˵ش
ԼԼˡ
ЩΪ˵ǸŮԣȤˡ

ʱţҲشȥڸסǣؼһƬڰΨ·ƻ˸

һǷϮ˵Ůʧȥ˺ޱִͷ
شޱ߹мصһۣǰײޱйԼĲ

ֳĹҲģѧһЧ˵ߵĶ

һ½һ£ޱҡҡ׹һСľͻˤڵء
ȻһŮʱޱˤڵأһҽд

ʲô˰վվȡ
һŮתͷһޱڵϣʺѪµֹס˽Ļ

Ҳסǰ滹һЩû뿪ˣıԹţ
ô°Сֵġ
ʲôô󣿡
ҿҿôˣôѪ
ҵѽѪѪ

ֳҺģû뿪߸ѡΧޱߣߴߴ˵ͣͲȥæֻǼװһĳѯޱҪʲô

ΧӵޱԹۣ͵һˤӾۣеڸһͷʹһͷĺˮ
ޱҪ˵ȴʹһĴҲ˵

ߵܵݣҴҵشӿܹ
˲֪ޱݣ֪
Ͷ̵ĽҪλڳʲô壬Ŀܲܽȥһ顣

ȵݸϵʱϵѪѾһ̲
ޱɫ԰ףﲻϡţ˾ѪС
ΧûһԮ֮֡

µݸٶڿ죬ûпѪٶȡ
ݿһ̲Ѫɹȥɪɪ
ҵڣ⾿ʲô

Χľ飬ݺǳһŸʲôϽ120
仰£Χ˷·γѣæҵشֻͨҽԺĵ绰

Ҳҵ飬æͨ˹׵ĵ绰 ܣðޱСˣ˻һصѪ

ڹ˾æĹףЩﻹ˼
ʵݣʲô飬ޱôѪ

ݱ̬ŵɫΨΨŵŵû˵һľӣǸƺѧԱ֮Ĵɵġ

׵ԵɣһӵĻôİôԸİ
һŵݣһɫæĸޱҽԺ
εıAеĽ⣬Сʱ͸ϵ

ڹǰޱѾңĿһſڽصȴ

ҽԺȵĵƹ׵ĻۣЩϹΣ֪Ӧ
Щ˿׵ӰǴһ
̫ˣ˵ˡ

ޱأҽ˵ʲô𣿡
׳һЩˡ

Щ㿴ңҿ㣬ûһվ˵
׿Щѵӣŭֱͷ˵һư˰

⽣ŵУҵҽһͬ顣
˭ޱļһͬҪǩȷϡ

׹˲ѵЩˣתͷ˵ǡ

ҽ´ŹףĲΣʵޱʲôˣ

ҽŹƿԣȷޱûʲôϵ
ǽʱֻ̣ӲͷƤ˵ѡ

⻰һ䣬Щ˷׷ױɫû뵽֮Ĺϵܡ
׻Ҫ׷ޱľҽæңûʱش׵⡣

ܿͽˣĵޱڲϱƳ
˫Ŀգ˯ڲϣɫӵĲ԰ס

ҪǰҽеһԵ

û˵ʲôҽͷһʹôİŮѻ˲֪ұ

ҽѵĻû˵꣬ͱ״ϣĻ𾪣ӣҽûи

ҽûкǣŮѾ10ˣҪˤ̫أƻܹûˣҲ̫ģŮѵĵӲǿҪκúðοοŮѣ´οɲҪôСˡ

ҽ˵Ļȫû˼ȥ˵ãȻתΪŭ˭Ӹһҵĺӡ

ʱȥޱƵ»ǲʹ۵ÿüë
Ҫ˵ʲôתͷһĹףһ

ôˣǷʲô
ޱӺƮץס߼ʡ

ǣޱ㵹ǺģȻűүһϺӡ
һһ٣޲ðޱα˺
ʲô崿ʲôǼٵģһƭӡ 

ޱûиܵ״ʱķŭעڹ׻ĺӣ
ޱϲüңһľϲӣҵĶһС𣿡
һ˵ŻһŶӣȻĵޱڴ

ע⵽ޱĿģжǣ㵹Ҳ䵮¹˼ҵѪ

⻰ޱɫһָӵĶһ٣ܣ⻰ʲô˼ôʲôҲ䣿أû𣿡

׿ŵ飬⼫ˣ³̵Ĵʣǵģǰĺûˡ

һʱ¥ޱס飬Ĵ
ޱҳһţʧȥյʣŹף쵰ʳӡ
˵䣬ɢͷԺƮߣ沿һӡ

׶ǰһĻ޶ԣЩǶޱ򵥵ĳͷ
˭ҲԼ˽ԻϺӡ

ޱķ񲣬յ뿪
ǰ׷ԸſڵȺʱϢˣûҵ˭Ҳܷޱ
˵ЩΪľ뿪ˣ˼ޱĽк





46.  ʮ   

ޱͻȻ뿪, ڽĿȻ󲨡
˵ٷƣޱʱѵ⣬ҽ˵Ҫܡ

ڵϳֵ̯Ѫ, רҵЩ˽ͣ©̫ԭ, ʲô⡣
ЩŲ, ˡ

ԭЩ˶Ҫ˵, ǺҪɾĵйеƬ, Ҿǲ˵ȥ

̬Щ˶Եɲ˻ɡ
Ҫûй, αҪ̯ѪԲѰ

, Щ¼Ŀ, пվ;ۼһ𣬱ޱʱ뿪ԭ
˵ޱز, Ųžͱ, ޱĽͬ
һһס

ûԶܡ
Щۼһޱ顣Ϊۣʵ۵Ĵڡ
ûǸŶ, ǵѵ, һ˵Ĳͣ

˾Ͱ಻סģҲ˹ȥ, ѯһ쵽˵ʲô
˼ɹˣҲһ졣

һʮʮ١
ޱסԺ׵ԭ򣬴˴ѡĿÿѡ֣ӽĿڲ硣
ޱԭȻڴнһƣʲôһʮ, ʲôޱͽѾˡ
Щҥ˵ĺһ顣

Ŀȫѵʵһͷ
ȻǰޱɷƵҲȥ
ĿĿģӪѡѵ裬Ӷӹںѡ֮Ľܶȡ

μⳡѡ֣󲿷ֶоˡ
סЩѡ֡ȻȻЩ׵ҥԾʹ˾˶ߡ

һЩԼѡַչ·ޱƵľˣԲŹλᡣ
Щ˽ʾ֭ôŸҥԣԼ˻õԴ
Զķ治ᡣĻôޱ½λ

˵ǣⳡѡиҲμˡ
ͻȻޱͣѵʱ֪Ĳ򵥡
ϵѡĿĵ飬Ҫȥˡ

ϧǣµĲ˲ޱĵˣҲǴӱ;˵ġ
ֻ֪ޱǰҹˤһӣԭǸ廨ţʲôɶС

û©һҪϢǾޱֵ̯Ѫ
һĲ⣺˵ޱһ̲Ѫ

ţСصŶƵһߣ̽ͷĴȥûʲôˣŵغͶ˵ƽ㣬һƭ㲻ɡϢҿ֤ݵġΣƬ

ǧ㣬ʲô㵽ˣΨû㵽ȥ¥ݿڴ磬Ȼ˳һƬ
˾ǶµСˡ

СֻƬһŻ԰ķ羰ͼ
ƷͼƬûпͼƬޱʲôϵ

ע⵽ƵĲ⣬С˽ӹֻƬĳһŴ
Ƭ⴦Ŵ޶ʱܹϡϳϺһˡ

ȻӰģµ̯Ѫȴһ
ɫ״λãһ̲Ѫ

ƾȵصɴ۾ָƬ״Σҡ⡣
С˿Ŷ𾪵ӣ˵ƽ㣬ƬɲҪ˵ȥ˵ޱǿı׿ɲǰˣҲ˽

ʲôǹסڣ˻һıء
ƼС˵ĲţﻹǰοģзִġƬɺҪúñ棬ָԺʲô;

ƾͺС˶˵л

ǰ겻ɢޱ۹һתҲ̫£пտȥ˽˽飬ڴ󲿷ѡֶޱͻȻ뿪ܺ档

ԼС˹ԹԵӦ£Ƶת磬Լ˹ԡ

õҪϢͣľͺҶϵ
²ĹȻûޱסԺ鲻򵥡

Ҽġ:ذϢèè̽ͷ.JPG

˼主СŮޣʲôϢ

Ҽġ:ȻޱһﲻԾҾ˵ôö˶˾Ҫһʱ䡣

˼主СŮ

ҼġµƬʾޱ˵ϣϿһ̲Ѫ룬˭ûлôѪڰҹ¡

˼主СŮѲޱʲôˡ

Ҽġ:ⲻܵġޱһ岻һֱͦõ𣬿ȥǻ󲡵ӡ˵ҪزǲȡͬõʱޱĹŶӣǲܲԭ򣬶ޱһıġ 

ƻĵҶûвõͷʱɢ

ԭ򣬻ʲô
ҶָͣĻϣɾɾִ

ͬͶƽƾֱҲΪ鲻򵥡
գҶ˺ҶͨѶ¼
ȶ£ҶͬҶҳޱסԺԭ

ĻͷҶ۵׵ĺȦ۾ɴڹ˾
ҶĵӿŨŨĵģɵضðҲ߶ǵһλôҲûҪҪעϢ

˵ĹģҶһɨ֮ǰƣ֪˸磬ͷĿæãͻؼϢãҲҪעϢ

ҶĹػҶһֳ嶯޲ھͰԭ





47.  ʮ   

ԴҶԩѩԺ, ǵҪԼ
Ҫ͹˾Ķﲻ֮ǰ˾ʱȣй֮޲ŵ˵, Ҫ֮ǰࡣ

, 鱦ƽ˭֪, ҶһȽȽǡ
, Ͳõ۷⡣

ǰЩȡĹ˾ԣǳӶˡ
˭֪Ǽ鱳ôķתڿɵ, ҲֵܹԼȥ̸ͬؼ˼һһͬ⡣

һʱ, ҶĹ˾鱦ͷ޶
, ͬĽҶ, һλ˵żȻܹ, ǲǹô򵥡

Ҷ, ڵһҵϡ
ѩ׷ɵĶѹեҶҵʱ䣬ռȫע˼ȥ¡

, ҶڹҶϺҶ绰, ֽ빤״̬ҡ
칫ſ, иŮںݺݵԼûע⵽

㱨ܼ಻ûϽȥضһ¥񶾵ضҶ
۾ɵϴǻðļ⣬ͲҶճ󶴡

.Ǻãⶼ, ôɶǱ㡣
ʱܼ༵ʵĳª棬ε¶

ܼøֶĵĴʻҶֱŽ롣

ܲãз鱦չ뺯

֪ǲҶĴôоܼ˵⻰ʱмҧгݡ
תͷһܼı飬һ΢Ц͸ղ˵˵ĸоʲôϵ

ҶͣеĹתӹܼź
ŷ˶m֣źһ١

ͣʱ̣ܼܶȫûע⵽

ҶŷȫݺҶ˼һᡣ
˼ʱҶ񲻾䣬źܼǻ

ĪĳĬܼ﷢ë·ʲôܱ֪

˺һҶŲ˵ȥظ췽Ҳμˡ

һ𰸣Ҫ˼ôʱ䣬ȻǼ.ˡ
ܼڶӷһ޴İۡ

ں㱨ʱһ˵ŹһҶ

ܼȫ㱨꣬׼칫ҵ뿪ʱͻȻҶס
.вɣûпҪ𣿹Ȼɵġ

ҶͷҲ̧һ£һ죺˵mXXѧѧģ

ܼŵͣסҶ⡣
ͷɻؿҶ

ģиǸѧҵġҪ档ȻѧĻʱͰΪӴԱ
Ҷ˵赭д·һҪ顣

ʵ̣mģȽϴļˡ
ܹμӽӴֻˣͷ
ֻˢһ˵Ժа

ƽһͷϣܼ̾ųЦݣϲ̵ӦˣܲãðҲʮûлȥXXѧˣҲ֪˽ôˡ
ܼǻʲôһ߶߶˺ܾò뿪

ҶܼķӦе

һȥMѧˣô֪ʶ죬ּǴչ
Ҫ֪ģʽ鱦Դmm鱦Ϊ̸ʡ
ǣܼûȥmѧ

ܼ˵ŻʱҶһ˿ضܼŹϸ΢ı顣
̹̹˵дʣ˵ӡ

Ҷҡҡͷвʵʵ뷨˦ȥ
Լ󡣻ǲСļǴһ֣ϾܼҵҲʮˡ



ҶĽչܿ졣
˵й׷ӣҶŶӻǲԭ

ݽذڷҶϡ
񣬾ҳֽ

Ҷ㻮£˼ۣ˾ɵˡ
ǰվŵŵʵȷûв

ĵͷУҶܵʲô͹¡
ޱһŮӣôͻˡ

Ҷֻ˶ĻҲǺҶһķӦš
ҶŵԼ۾ٰȷֻϵ֣
У˭ĺӡ

뵽ĽԺӿֳһͷǹס

˼û˳Ƶĵ绰ʹһըԵϢ
绰ͷŵ˱ϣޱסԺΪ˰






48.  ʮ   

ȵ, ȵȣƣո˵ʲô

Ҳ׺ĵ, ˵һ, ˵, ˱, ޱסԺΪˡ

룬һ֪ޱеϢ, Ҷνζӳ¡
ҴҹҶ˺ͶƵͨΧȷϢ

ͬʱ, Ϣͬйǡ
˿ޱסԺϢ, ˭еķ, ΪͨסԺ

һʱ䣬ϸ廨ŵı #ޱ#, #ޱ#, #ޱĿ#ռѰ

ֵ, ѿˡ뵽һи, ƴΪݡڻ𣬻ֻöġ
, ¥ϵֵ㲻һˡһиμֽĿʲô±˲֪з֮ˣöİƭҸˣǱҳʺ#ޱĿ#
ô½, з֮ЦݿɿϢޱĺ˭ģڻûжأҰһѣ֪˭ġŮˣƾʲôǮҹȥ
ԶԶԣѾˣȻˣ浱ɵʲôʺԣĵˡĿʶȤޱ
Ҽĵ顣иȻ崿裬崿崿ӵĸ׶֪˭
֧¥ϵľޱҹȦﲻΪΪĵط

ѣҶΪľΪҶһְŵġ
Ҷ֪

յҶҲӦò֪ûжãôôϾͱӦð
ҶֻĻܸоë鴦¶֡

һߣҶ˾ע⵽ʱڣϷӿֳޱе顣
ӣޱеϢ硣

ϢĻȫ̴ԭļƻƾ깤ֱظܵĲѰ
ҵ飬ææؾҶر
˵ȫ˶֪ޱˣ

ͷһ£Ҷһθܵ͹¡
˦£ڵ֪ըԵϢҶԴҳһš

˭Ϣ͸¶˵˭һı飬Լпеһöӡ
Ҷͷ۵Դ˲ֶΣԶԼ



עϵѣֹгԹȺڣĻʹ

ȷѪۣ˷عرֻ
תͷӰµʵԸôˣ

ʵӴлɳƵɤܲãˣβȫɨɾˡ
ȫе˵⻰ģѪоӣ˲

Ȼ˷ش⼫ˣ˵͸¶ϲãããɵĲ¹еæˡ

ıôõĻ͵ȹһ߽õȦ
˷뵽Ľ֣ŵЦݡ

ɵĺܺãͺúûؼϢһ٣Ѿϰࡣ
˷˵崺磬ȴŲɣݲ

Ϣ˼̧ͷ۾¶ϲллܲá 
ȵĿģȫûע⵽˷۵һӡ
ĵ񣬾ڳЦһɵӡ

ʱһһεĹȥɫ칫Ҳ𽥰
°°࣬ԷĳԷ¿ռŵİ칫ҡ

Ȼȷû˴ڣش˳
뱻ڸǣȴزסͷ˰̣һֻ޴š

ļСʮԸһŻǡ
Ҫ㻹޵Ļͻץߡ

ɼ֮£Ҳѹһ쵽ڰҪƼʵģ

վڸ߸ߵİ칫ŵĳҧгݵ˵ף㵱ζԴҵģҽʮŰɣⲻǸθСˡ

˷ϣĹ׵Ӳù

ޱеûжã׽ٻعլ
εٻز˽ٻأǵٻء

ʱٿ飬ֹ˾ķչš
λҪչ˾һڸ߹ܽϯ

׾һȺҪǰĿıѺţѹعլ
ĸݣǾǣ澡ʧ

̣ҲЩ߹ܡеŴ֪ͣʲôæѯߵˣеӹһתƺ˵ʲô
Щ߹һͬʶչ˾Ҫˡ

һ·ϣԼΪլ
˫ֱڿƣǿƵͷѺһˡ
һ·ûͣ󺰴УҪѡ
ǲܹô֣վ˹լ

һţ׵˫ȱݺһ˵šһϥصˤڵϡ
Ҫ˵ĻȱڿС





49.  ʮ   Ͼ

ûܹĹ, ʧȥյķȣеǸʲô
һͷƷʨӣҪ

λµܽ, λϵĹү۵׵ʧ, ε¶
˺, һ, 󳳴аүү𣿡

үѵʶ, ͡
ǽֱֱ׳үү, ûС

үӸʧؿŹ, бŷŭƽô, رҵ𣿡

үү⻰ʲô˼, ˵ÿһ仰ҿɶġ
һҪվ, һαߵıڰѹȥʼձŹݵ̬

㻹ң㿴㶼ʲô, Ҫ㶪ˡ
ү˵⻰ʱ, ͷӿ
λϴŴ

ԱŵĹ˕F, ״æǰĴŹүӵıүүһ
ͬʱÿʾ⣺ޱС

ԣʱѧУαϳ˵ʲô
ŵ׹˕F˵ʲô

Уޱôүү֪ˣ
˱һ˭Ϣй¶ȥġ

ܹ۵׵ķŭܿȥ, Ǳ˕F׽
СӾԶԴ֪顣

׵ķŭɢȥȡ֮𾪡
ɴ˫ۣüëһĲţүүǼԲġҺޱëǮϵҲûС

ͷ׸ǰǴһ
ʵ˦ˣǲһҧԼû

㣬˭ܶԵȥ𣿻ٵһŮӵףϡ㿴Ϊ䵱𣿡
ŵĹүԽ˵Խ˲Ҫʹȥ
үӵɫ˲ò԰ף˵ʱصĿͷʱʱЩŹүž޴ʹࡣ

˕FҲ뿪˫ĴŹүӵıүүЪһЪȥú˵˵
ţܹӲԱߵĿշ

Ᵽһţ˺αƵס

磬ʲôУҲǵһ֪
װԼʲô֪

ףˣҲͱװˡʵ㽻ޱǵ£ȫ֪ˣ㻹ܵɣ
Ź׵ڻαװ˕FһҲĺ͹ػء

ʱ䣬æŴѡĿ£æŶޱûʱҲͲֵ֪÷з顣

ԭΪ˭͵͵˹үӣȻֵȫ֪
עŹ˕Fڹ˕FƽиܵЦ
Ȼαװˡ

Ϣ֮䣬׵̬ȷ˷츲صı仯
磬ҲʵˡޱҸɵΣԸ顣ҲүүЩ˵£˼붼һ׵ģˡ
׵ɵں˵°ܻĻ

ףôҲ˵ޱԸԸ⣬Ը⣬ʲôݣİ˻Ůѡ
Źһν˕FʵԽûгŵŮУЩоʲôүүһ̵ֱŮԣȥǵ𰡣

һʵĻ׵˿ţ̧̧ƤһЦ磬ʲô⽨һסԸУ֮£òô¡ǵޱлӰ˼ҵ㱣֤һ죬ⱲӲ˼ҵš

ˣFҲȰˡ
һϵͻأزѷ˶һ

˕FȷӦүүôˣϽ£ҽ˵Ҫ
ǡǡ෴תȥԹүӡ

ףȻ̬Ҳ˵ʲôϾҲҵˡ
үӵЮƣ롣

׹˲ñ飬ڵʣүүʲô˼ʲôҲˡ

µ񣬹үӵķӦҲƽϵ˼һͶϾүϵһ¾ȥְ
ĩˣүӵطԸ˕Fȥһ£ǵðЩ϶ȥ׼ȫ㡣

үӶԹ׵ĲһһϦγɵģγɵġ
ǺҶ˻飬лԼͬʱŮ
ҪԼ֪˼̤ΪıȡǮƵĳ롣˼Ҳ°ܻ

£׳׻񡣹˼жôҪ֪һ
үүҴˣ֪ˡҲŪޱ˺үүүү㲻Ҫңӣװ

ƾ˵ڶĻүɲΪʯĳԭء
飬ҲǸ˹˵Ϊˡ



ǹ˕Fİ£ܿүӺ͹׾үϵ
ӴԺ˽ѪԵϵİˡ

Ӷ˵ЧҲܿ죬ã˼լйع׵Ķȫʰİڷ⡣

ӹֻ󣬹׻Ҫլү˵һЩȴסףѾǹ˼ҵĶүˡԼݣﲻʲô˶ܽȥ

ҪӲ˿ûа취Ӱ˿ر档
ֻܿŹүӺ͹˕FнԶӰƿڴ˼ʲô˲ģʲôص˼룬һЩ⽨ϵ˼룬Ҳ˼̵ˣԼˡ˴үү

ԶĹүⷬ̾һFȥѱЩջɡȻôϲ˼ҡ





50.  ʮ   һ

˕F͹үӵӰнԶ, ڹ׸û˵Ϊǵȥ

ţ˵ݻ, ˕F͹үԾûдԼ
û, ׵ŭĴˡ
Ʋ˭, 浱뿪Ҳа

صסĹΪ, ÿÿ뵽үѵĳеŭ޷ŵӿ
ɶ, ˵ǳʲôҪô档оһԸϷ, ֻһС, ûע⵽, ºҲʱˣʲôĵط

׵һֱŭ, ȫû˼ڹ档
, ԺΨһͷȥưɺȾƷɡ

״ֻֻͨѶ¼֣֮Ĵӳ, 
ݵѹסŭ, 漴ͨ˵绰ι֮Ÿȥưɺ

Ժͨ, ǶAеĸ־ưɣֱ֮ᳵ·
ǣӵûвȥɣ֮ϲӦˡ

˾ưɾĲͬȽִ֮ưʱѾ屭¶, ϳһŵ졣

ʱļȥҹҲ𽥶ĽźȾʱĻȭȾʱȰЩһоͼ

ǣھưɰĹײ˵ֻźȾƣ˵˺ȡ
ûгΪСܵĽ֮Ҳ˵˵Ļ׵ùͷ

˵ȴ뵽˸

ġ׵ġƵģһһüǣûдŷա׵üͷһֱ壬ȫûչ
üͷ۾ɵϴ󣬾Ͷһֱ´һʱؾ׼ȥѵ˵ģ
׺ݵӣŵĽ֮һߣΡΡظžơ

ôհûпүһҪ𣬸ϡ
ǣСҵĲԣϡ

֮βͣǶ  ͷ

ʱδδһһţͷ߸ߵĹڰУ·ϵԽϡ٣ʱѾǰҹʱˡ
ܹôܺȣҲܲסһƿƿʮƿӹࡣ
ⲻںȾƣǰԼھƸ

ˣľƾסԴʼȫ˵˺
ߣʲô˲Ʋ˭أ
ҹҲҪ㡣

˵ģǰԲź
׵˫ֻûйɵĴҷɣʹڵƵĽ֮㡣

׸磬ĸ۵˰Ȼ۸׸㡣
֮һžƿƣһ߻ҪЦ

ײ֪û֮Ļǹѿǲ˵ͷŴơ

Ǻüƿ¶ǣڽ֮ڴ£ڿڡ
ûлش֮⣬ֵ˵Ų֪ƵĻ

˭˭Ϊ뿪ǾͲа
ǸҵţվȻôҡǺǣҵţ㡣

¿ɵãأʼֲǰƵ˭
ҡҡλӣָŽ֮㣬˭

׸磬Ұ֮㣬㲻ϵð
Ź׵˵ҡε֮¹׻ˤ˫۷¡

ҡԴϰսȥϡһɲˣ׶ķȱ󣬾ǲҪ֮㴥Լ
ſң˕FǲߵġҪ뿪˼ҡ

Ŵԣ֮ǰĶס̽Եһ䣺ȵȣ˼ң׸Ҫ뿪˼ң

ƾŭϵĴԣû˼
Ƥӹ๾ŵһһʮȫˡ

֮Ӳɵغ˰벽Լܵľ
ҪǱ׷Լܣܼ̫

֮ɫӵɳĹס
ûǲݣԼָθദǼֺǾǸųֺõĻ޷ṩκΰ

Ȩ׺󣬽֮ĵȥ
Ӳźˣȥܱܷͷ



Ǳ߹ޱֵķзҶҲضá

õһıƽܼʱЪ˱뷨ȫȫ׼νӴǡ
Ҳ͵ܼԴҲԱԴԹصҲһЩɶʡ

ȵ˺õʱ䣬ܼٶһ£ֱȺ򡣾ܼϰ򿨣Զɵġ

һСʱȥСʱȥСʱȥ
̫һһʵȥĹ

üСʱȥû߹ܼļ٣ֽ͡
ܼ׼µӲɣ׼뿪ʱһ߸ݵӣ߰˸ɫ·£߽ܼڵλá

ܼսһλӶһͷɫľտɫ۾һ䣬˵ǿᣬһֻ޺С̹
ܼ˲ͱˣ̬Ťûۿ֮ʻܼɰͷ

Ϊܺиʱദع˾һ·ܼӣûŻ죬ӲǰѻȥʱһСʱӳһСʱ

һ·ϣ˻شܼ⣬ûһ˿ͷ·ܼνܸȤ
ʵϣ﷭˸İۣܼıּΪ

̤빫˾ŵһ̣˲ɵĳһڿԲ˹ֵŮ˵ˡ

ܿ죬˾ͺҶˡ
תȣҶ˳ºصףᱡף͹Գ˶϶ȡ
̫ĹâҲŻңҶһصĹʡ

˽ʱҶģ
Ըܵǻﲻֵ
⣬Ķĸо

ϲԣ45ȵ΢Цʸ
ɴ֣һ˫ǽڷַҶǰҶҶܲãXXX˾ܲõĶӣδ⼸콫Խӹ





51.  ʮһ   뿪

ÿĿİĻ˵, ˵ÿһĴ˵Ķߡ
̾ȻԼĶӣݡ

Ҷɲǵ𾪣ɫָƽ, ƽĺͺ̵Ķ֣һ, ӭ

ûиܵҶ䵭, ̵ĶӼ˵˶ͺˡ
˵, ¶һڽ׵Ĵ
ʱ˶˵ʶȻ仯, ˵ҵɵӡ

ʵ˶̽̽Ҷϲһ͡
Ҷ̸ȫ, ˶Ŀת, ŹҶһ˿顣

Ȼ, Ҷϳ˸ճ𾪺һƽ, ûбı顣
˶עҪʧˡ

˶, 顣 

ҶƽҲƽ
Ҷܼҳһţû·

Դ˶Լݺ, ܼĿεס
û뵽ǰɲ⡣֪, ԼӻʱӦñֵĸ㣬Ŀ¸õӡ

򵥵ĺѹ, ˶һ˾͸ҶĽŲǰң־ˡ

ܼĬĬջ˴ߣͷǰ
ȥҵһ·˶ߴ͵ӰԺ֮ȥ
˶˵ҫ۵ЦݣܼĲɵĿ

һ뷨Ժγ, Լβȥ׷



¶Ĵ˯ߵĽ֮ѲӰ
Դ͡

չɢɢ˹䷿ݡ
Ҵľƿɢ䣬źصľζ
ױ˵·ҲһţҲ

ľ̫̫ңĹȴ˵Ļ
ֻԼԼǵú֮˵ЩʲôǹŬҪ˵ʲôȴûκӡ
˿ҲʲôҪ顣ԼӦЩӡ

ڷûн֮Ӱѹûзϡ
ֵĸطɫ

ǻشӴʱڣһ
һ˾һѹҪɡ

үôõʱ䣬վǶиġ
ûջκβƲŲҲֺ䡣
лڹȵضȹ°뱲ӣЩƲ㹻ǡ

ԣĹչ˾ܲãӵ˾Ĺɷݡ

ڰ򵥵ʰԼ󣬹׾ͳš
칫λûȣȺĪյʮ˵Ĵְš
Щְ˵ְλ˾ţҶУли𼸸ĿԱ

һô˴ְԲ
ֱˣǽйͨϧ˵ͼǡ
ܹôЩͳһھǲҪˡ

һΣѯʣ׵õĶͳһĴ𰸡

һ˹ڼ䣬͹׵ĹϵΪС
ŹͷӬû߼ҡʵǿȥĵ׵һԡ
ûˣѹɤ˵Ҳ׷ѹˡЩǲ˵ġҲǸлܲЩҵİ£Ÿ͸¶ġ

ױϱ鵭Ȼһ֪֪νı飬Ķ߸𣬾۾˽Ļ

ɤӣɫ˵ܲãʵǹүӵˣܵЭġڽӵҪߣҲͱȥΪЩˡ

ױ⻰ŵĺȻ֪˾ﱻôˣЩҪְλ
֮ȴ֮Ƿŭүүʲô˼ѲԼڹ˾ȡõĳɹҪİɣ뿪ԼܾӪ˾ˣ

ܿ죬׾Ͷ뷨˻ɡ

뿪Щ˵Э˾˵ǳ˴鷳С鷳ϡ
첻٣Ŀ׷ֲͬ⡣
ԭȾĿ̸





52.  ʮ   

ĽȻù׼Ϊ
ڻϴ, ĿĸˣЩڸʲôǣ˾ҪǲУ

, ǹ׵, Ҳ޼¡
̸, ţһ, ǰ

ûа취ְ뿪˴󲿷ֶһЩλĺ
֮ǰĿ, Щ˿֧ŵġ뿪ˣλõҲҪȥϤ, ĥ, ⱾҪķһʱ䡣
, ׵ȲĴߴټӿԱѹ
, ˾, Ļɢʲôǻӭһ

ν², ´ǧ
׶ںüĿ̻Ϣ, һʱʹAȦӡ

󲿷ֵ˵֪Ժ󣬻ڹ, һжû׵¶ۡ  
ǲ֪Ѿ˼ҡ
Щ˻η׵ıⷬЦ󣬵ȵǶԼ㡣

ǣ׵ľֻȴûй˼ɡ
һܿع׵֣, ѵѵá
Ҫڻȥƣָ´λлῴ׵֡

ҡڵȥչ˾ԱţӲ˹׵İ칫ҡ

صĽŲ΢̤ڼžİ칫
Ųƿ칫ҵĴţΪ̬ȼΪͷûУ֪æ𣿡

ûеȵǸ죬õһЦ
ܺô簡֪Ϊôˡ

Լ͸¶ϤУ״ӷæĻ́ͷ
ֻĵпţϵƲмĿ

ûбӵĹףੲݵǰⳡĵˡ

ûкͻܹͨ뷨
һҲǣֱӲͨ߾ҪϻߣιǱиҪߡ

ܼæ߹Ϲ׵ĵ绰
ǲ˵ˣ͸ߡһû˵ꡣ

ǽ˵ĻΪҪܽԼȥͣ׶䲻ߵĵط
ף㾡ĻˣֶΣվҡ㿴ͻһҪԼ
ЩԼḷ́ҿɾȫ˰

׵ķӦ绪ԤһɫȻı߽⣬ΪԾ۾ضŻܣ ⻰ʲôѻ˵

ӹ׵Ĵ󺰴Уèдؼ˵㲻ΪЩû֪ҿ֪һŶ
Źӣѻ˵ըһը׵ķӦ

仰׵𾪲һ١
ݵľȺϹ׵ɫͻָˡ
ϸעŹףȻʲôͷ

ûмȥ˸ͷ뿪ˡ
Ȼصĵϣصزͨһ绰ιȷ˵Щģ
Է˵ʲôֻܹҶϵ绰ʼһĨЦ
üһҿô



δδʱһţע⡣
Ҷ˶ڻҴӰձ죬ɫҲõɢʱ

˺죬Ҫ˵޹صĻнͣǱΪʲôҪơ
ⳡЧѸ٣ܶҪȶĵط˳Ĺʶ

ⲻˣҪ鱦ᣬMķʽ
ΪҶȻе˶μ
˳˽ܼͶXXXѧ

˶Ǳ׼׼ĸǮһѡ
˵룬вμӵɡ

ðһûвμӹᡣ
˶ӦҶ˵¶˷֮顣

ⳡλڳеĻƽضΡ
ҹϢԶ˹Юǰߡ

˶ſڵȺҶ  
ͬǧǰҪλ˧ϵʽһ޹

ͻȻ˶ȺпһĨɫ
ôУǵһҵҶ
ǰЩ֬ˮۣûһܱȵϡ

Ϊ˳ϯⳡᣬҶ˰װ˾׼
ĶɫȹĶдŤ˶ĺᣬȻ䡣
ļҹɫУɰ׵ķ⣬ñΪ塣

˹ҶɵЦݣɢ˺˶֮ĸҡ
ĲϿһ·ʵʿϱ

ӿҶӰһ˶Ŀת
ˣݲˡ

˶ķ㶣Ҷ۾΢УЦŽ˶ǰζˣҵˣǽȥɡ

ǲ۵׵Ц⡣
˶һķɿ죬۵Ƕڱصõ

᳡ؼ򳡣߶㣬ߴΰAпҲڶô᳡ڲװҲߺ
ƺ˰ײˣֽɵƷ洦ɼҶµĵשҲɶһƺڹŴĻʹ 

ǣĵطûʵĵطУĵڶ㡣
ĵһֻ棬ڷŲƷõļα͡

һĽûڿţڶĽҪʾɷ뺯
˵ڶ㣬Ҷžķж죬֮ˡ





53.  ʮ   

ͬڵһӺݻ, ڶ¶߹š

ӳһɫĴ
ɫ֧Ըߴ͵ĸоЩӵΧǿڵĴһ˿  

ڷһ˶Ľ˿ľӡڰ׳Ƶҫ, ӽ˿˸, , һ޷ݵ, ֻܸ̾Ȼ񹤵
ӵһ40ƽ׵ĵｫļαƷϢ
ӵǰڷһŷľƷԲһȣԵһ骡⼸зɫ, ŨľͷζƮڿУþòɢȥ
ǿĻ, ˻, Ϊ˹Ŵ

һľѪ, ͵ͬʱ͸¶š
ͷרΪڵƵİᡣ

Ǹӽǽ˿ľ, ʼҴ
ͷרŵĵͼӼ۷ʽ, ȷ˵˽
ƷỹṩƷרҡ

ּµķͷΪ˼ް, Ѿ˼
Ǽӵ볡ȯ

ҶȻҲڰļα
յŶ¥, ˳˶ܻʷ

ǰļα뺯ӡǡ 
ȰſڵķԱ, Խ롣
ÿαרӡǣҶһ京ŵĻ

Ҷȥſڣ׼ʾ뺯
Ķߴһվס˭֪ﲻʲô˾𣿡

ҶֹסڽŲͣſڻ߰˲ĵط, ߵ˶һ
ػͷһŹŮӣʳָָָԼ
ŮϴC³İȹϴŹ䣬ŽӡʲôصĶϣѹסԵòײࡣ

Ҷ߶ݵͣŮϣͰͷתȥͲҪŮйͨ

֪ҶĮĶŮӵǰ
Ůӱ˵ӻǰҶȥҵĻ㲻治ܽȥġ

εţҶɫòͷ
˭¡

ŮӿҶͣǰĽŲΪԼȰ˵á
Ҷੲ˵ͣͶˣ˾ӦԼݡҪ˵ĳ谮һ죬ҪԼλá

ŮûбϳҶ׶ɫȹ˽˶ƣϸûۡ
ûпƷƵı־ҶһӢӣʶΪҶһòԱߵӡ

˵ĻزĿҶüͷ׼˵ʱ
ǰӦڲޱӰҴҵشԶţգǵλҵˡ

ȿǰҶʱޱϵϲɫʵһɶҲȻֹ

ʱҶɫأ
˫ֱǰüëһϷı顣

յŮӣûע⵽ޱɫѿһغ˵Ż
ޱޱáȰȰǰʧŮɡ㶼֪жѸ㣬ͲȰ˵˲ܽȥҪȥڰ

Խ˵Խףޱˡ
ĵ֣̽յ·

ڴָ״̬е˵ͬѵˮһ㣬޸о

ޱޱ治ҪôûеµĹϵİϡ
ޱ̲סˣգˡǻǹȥɣϾҪʼˡ

ޱ۵ȻûʸĶ㣬ǽ֮ġ
ΪֺеĸȻܵ롣

֮ԶڹѡҲͱ軨׷׸ޱ
ޱСһû
ֱڱύҽԺѾޱ˵ա
ǵûޱû˳ˡ

ֵ÷зе飬ԽĿ鷢ʦΪֶΣĻ
ţޱڲһҵƵܶ˷׷׵ָ꣬Ǹϣ׵ˡ

յ֪Ϣ
˭֪ỹôأﶼҪ涨
֮Ҳûʸİᣬֻڴ

ղҪᣬſڵķԱ¡
ڷԱ䳰ȷ£˻ͷ뿪ˡ

ޱ֮ĶԻҶһֱûгϣҲһ¡
Ҫޱڸʲô

˵գЩޱޱʲôҼ˵ͷİȰѲһ˵ˡ
һ䣬һϣҶС㣬ôվ棬Ǳдĵط𣿡





54.  ʮ   ì

еľ, ڵ֪ҶϢʱʹæĳȥдҶ
ҶĿˣǳµĿˡ
Ҫô, һǼǧĽ

ο, ˲ٺûΪѹᡣ
Ҷһ, ͵ֵһȵҵ  
Ŀ, ŽӴͷ

յ¥¥ݿʱյ˵϶ʹĶߡ
˵̧ͷһ, ˡ
ֻҶվڰſǰԹǰλŮӡһ߶߶˵ѵ˵Ļ

⻹, Ҷѵˣ
ӽŲ, ֹ˵˷׵Ļ
ǵҶ, Ӷһ֮

ʱջûʶԣһ˶Ҷ,   ͷĲϲء
üͷ, ʲô˵ӴҰҽС²ĽŵˣֺɡΪԼĵλһȰ, ָʹ˰ɡ 

ɫۿɼٶ, Ϊƣضزס˭˵ĵط𣿡

շǵ, ֱ׳ضȥأ˭һǰһεĹҲʸѵǡҪϡ
ᶨΪԼûдһڵҶ;֪
Щµݣﻹͣ˵, Ƕá

꣬Ц˭ǺǣľǸ뿪ᡣ

ʶ˵Ǹ
ɫǱħһ̬ȴӰתΪ˲Сȥ 

۾ϴָָ˵Ͱͣ㡭Ǿ
ؿžͷ ϢΧʹر۾

ջУȫȻûע⵽ޱĴ㶣·⡣ 

¹˵ǵ뺯óҪǵݡ

ޱԴڻ״ֶ̬ȥŻعˡ
һŴңȻʲôżٵĴӰó뺯˫ֵݸ

λڴĿˣᷢ͵뺯Ҳжصķӡǡ  
ϸϺȷ뺯еŭ֣ҲǿˣҲҪĹҶΪĿˣʲô˶ʸ˵ġ
ǰֵЩ죬Ҳ˵ˡǸ˽ˡ

ȻǲԸģͲ˵
ʼգΪûдҪԹԹҶԼݡ

ʱıƽܶ˵ᡣ
Щ˼֣һչȥ̽ͷҪ֪ʲô顣

Χ۵ԽԽ࣬ƤޱȳŲסصͷյ·ȰţҪջǵǸɡϾҪʼˣ˾Ͳˡ

һԿϷҶҲˣλСҪǲԸǸҲûϵϾǿ߷;һˣʲô̷أ

ڶ෽ѹ£ձȿ˿ڣԲ𡣡
˵꣬תƿΧ۵ˣܿˡ
֮£ޱֻ׷ȥ

˵˵ǺΪЦֵλϡ
ʱǰᣬǴüһãˡ

ߵʱһʦ׼ʱǳһҲˮĹ󣬱гʱչʾƷ





55.  ʮ   

˳˵֪, һһƷ֬ĺϣļ۶Ԫ

Ǯޱɵĵһ
֪󣬵ǲ֪ô

ޱĵ̧ͷ, ΧϰΪı, е¶˵̬
˵ܵ˳
ﶼһЩʲôˡ

ʦһ, ̨Ȼһ, ء  
ȫǫ̈̄ϣһ¶ڴɫ

Ŀ, һԲӵ»Բչʾϡ

һӡ
ͨ徧Ө͸, ̻ɫϸ̵׺Сϸ, ⼸Ƶϸ練, ơ

ºƷ͹⣬ֳƹҫ, ԡ
չա

ޱ⺺, Ҳܸһ

ԲƽȺʦĻʾϵϸ
, ӹʦȵ, ӵһһ걸
Ҳܻӭԭ֮һŪ١

ޱѤʱ, Ѿʼ

ļαľӣʮʮϵӡ
̶̼ڣΪİ

ȻֻǴ֣Ǳ߰ˮЩ˾ͺҶһ㣬ĺ޲
, Ҷкܶ࣬ൽԼСʱʶһ
Ʒ벻Ҷۡ

ҶԵ˶ҲǺ޲
Ϊ鱦ҵӵе鱦Ҷ١

Щʯ޷ıʯᲢۡ
ڻ˵ϲã⡣

ֺ壬ᾲġ

ڻĿУӦǼƷ
ܵҶļž˶Ҷĺһ㣬
ҶĵҪԼĻҪʵ



ֵĲޱľ֪˸ı䣬Ӹտʼ𾪵ڵĵ

41ûϼӣ
һΡ
Ρ
ΡµģʦĴӡ

һ
ļ۸ɽ

ǰĻֶޱɫƽġ

ݵĳɽͣһƷ
γһͷһշ
Ĵ͸һ˿ɫԶԶȥһǰ

֮УεҲһƷһ
ѡϲģΪһٶʮ
ǼܲסαҪ飬һγ

ޱĻƷ۸ĸ£һǡ
Ʒǰ׸һҪҪǮ

һüƷޱֹˮ
ڵȳ˶ʮƷʱȻñˡ

һ׽ϣǵ׺żС鱦ԭʯ
ĲƴּαУδС̫óȥӶˡĴ󲿷ʧȥ˹

ǣԭʯĵƹӳ£һһ⡣
ͬҹ΢ǹ⡣СȴҲָ򣬸ϣ

ԭޱһ˿Ķż۸ȴֺܿ

Ľ̷Żˣֻмټӽк
ʮļ̵ʮ

ޱǿĸȼˣأأԥ
һԵտȥ
Ҫֱģʲôԥġ

ʦӣ׼֮ʱ
һ£ֱקޱĸ첲ӡ

ã43ŮʿӼһԪҪӼ𣿡
ʮ򣬵һΡ
ʮ򣬵ڶΡ
ʮ򣬵Ρ

һޱԶʮļ۸
һ̣ޱȫȦģó֮ĸõ֣ϲһֲʵС
õˣǲ

ޱȦУտóڿĲϲ
кڿŤŤӡ

ļƷ棬ա
ֵƷûһʼİ󣬼۸ʼΧСλļ۸

õޱ⣬֪ʲô
ѾƷȤˡ

ޱյԥؾ˵˲У붼û;ܾˡ

ޱûзӦԼ˵ʲôյˢľͺ
ǮôСæһʮǲѰ

ޱӦѾ˵
գҡҲǹ˵ġƷûǮˡ
ޱ˸׾ӵĽںŪ

ޱ˵ãһ˵յ
ʲôûǮһӵкڿ˸˵ûǮⲻͰ˲¡Ȼ飬̸ʲôѡ
뵽յӰ߲ȥֶס䣬ҪκޱĻ

ޱյìܣûӰ̵ĽС
ԼСʱչ˴˴ѹƷʮĸѪԭʯ

ڳ˽סȴλĳ֡
ȿ󣬵һ
̫Ưˡ

ʲôɫĵƹ£ԭʯʼճɫ
磬ƽϳ̫ǰҫۣǰ

ǰʦٴǿλԭʯFǾ֤ȼߵԭʯ

һһڼα
ȣFܲĸѪ죬һΡУʮԭʯȻȻôߣҲʮѵһ
֮ܶƷΪ

ڼα̾ԭʯѵʱļ۳ˣһǧԪ
ļαһεһ۸ɲ򵥡

ʯûܹѡ
ڱʯǳ˲䣬˶ϵЦɫ

ѵÿɹıʯM Ҳǲ
򵽾׬

˶ҪȡһѣҶ۵ŨŨȤʱ֪ԭʯҶڱصá





56.  ʮ   

˶Եɤ, ȿȣ鱦֪ҶСܷȻ, 鱦ļ۸һ︶ġ

, Ҷһüͷ, ֵˡ
ȻǺϧ, Ǻͺ̵Ļϲȣز
΢˼, ׼Ӧ˶󣬶ߴ

˶۲Ҷɫ, ɫûв, ͸뷨
ǣӵƷ, ˶ҧҧӳ룺ҶС, ԸĻ, Ҷ֧Ʒ۸İٷ֮ʮ

Ҷ붼û;ܾ˶˶ˣƷҾ㣬˵Ķ֧ļǮø, ҶǺ, ҺҲ
йоŻ֮ˮ֮ǲҪøġ

ůɤЦ, 㻺˵Ż
˶δйMǰŮѣǣһȫǻ𱬵Ƣ

ᣬЩã˾һҪõ, ǫøԼֱǳ˵λ
˶Ҷĺøв

ʦǿĻ˵꣬ӭǴһļž
óǧʽƷһˡ
ҲЩڰֲ

Ļϵֲ԰Ϊλ
һЩ˵вɵʡԹ޵ȸ顣
˵ΪʲôҪģʽԭˡ

缸ʮ䣬ȫΧֹһŵ¼
ϰһǸӰԾõƷ󼰵ļǮߡ
˱㶯ɱ.ģҹʵʩ˶ıΪ

ңǸջȴ˲ٵ𺳡
ЩӴ˱㲻ϵ׷Ӱȫʽ
ӹȥʦĻϵ
˿̣ѪԭʯѸߴǧ򣬼۸Ϸһ
Ϊֻӣ˲סˣûϼӼۡ

ǧһΡ
ǧڶΡ
ǧ򡭡ڡΡ
ǹϲλˣԶǧļ۸Ѫԭʯϲ㡣

עĻϵ֣ͷٸнΪԼѾǮԼǮǰ澺ȥļ۸񣬲˼ҼӼ۵ļǮ

Ƕǧ۸޸пǧĳߡҶ档
ĻǰԼÿγۺһ߾ֻԼһļ۸ҶΪֲĻܾá
ĺ˾ͻȻ˳۸ͣǧ

Ҷɻ󣬲Ӧð
ǧϡ䱦ֱǼ©ˣǵûпܴ׬һʣ¾ǧҲӯࡣ
ңеӲξˣôҲȱǮûеİ

ҶС㣬ҶС㣬Ҷܡ
ţ
ҶС㣬ƷҸǮˣǸ뿪ˡ

ͻĽкҶ˼

ˣôʲô˾ͺˡ
ҡͷЩҵ˼˦ž뿪С

֪Уʱ䵽ҹŵ㡣
첻ԶͷͷҲʵҹֻɢɢǶš

α½½ɢȥнм˻ڡ  

ƢǲԸޱһ뿪
ޱ˵ʲôβʲôҲ

ޱҲ˵ˣǲġҾǶҲߣİɡ
վǿƳͷһۣߺġ

˻ֻޱ̬ȸĲͷˣ˳ºݻ 
Уһš

ޱ뿪ıӰеĲء
˵ʲôýã΢˵˵˵ˣ˦ɫָ㻹滳Уһ
ŴտվһˣĲ鲻Ը뿪ˡ

֮ķ϶ԽԽԽԽ



Ҷ˶ȥЧνá

׻˵ֶ̡̣
˵ǿŸѪԭʯ˶ĿȴҶóġ
һأĺϻ̸ΪǢ
ֻҪ漰ԭԵ⣬˶ԸҶŶӵ뷨һЩϸڵƣҲû̵Ҫ

Ƶķ˳˳͵󼸲̶βˡ

Ҷ̵˳Ǳ߹æͷö

һü̵Ļùķù˾Щɶľ

Щɶţɳһзȥ̽̽ڷ磺ֶ˾ǲǳʲôⰡ˭ʱûгֹ⣬ûйϵصһӰ˹˾⣬ǿɾͲˡ

Ϲɶ˵̰УмǸһȵ̬ǵùķҪӽͣ壬ͷĺˣʲô⣬ᵢġ

˵ĵһеģ
ϹɶɵؿһۣһѾһء
ҪǻܽʱÿǲǸû֧֡

Щɶһֹ֧ףҪǹײֵܹЩɶǵȥŵˡ
ǱˣֻѡԼһ

һ죬죬źͺüȥ
ĿĽ̻ӣţУǰһ㡣

ò¾ԱĥϺùϵֳ⡣ 
һĿĹؼϸһȫûа취չ

֪ùױףЩǸʲôԵģ˾Щˣôؼļûһ𣿡

һܲ˹áı⣬ܲãǲǰݵĴְˣҲ֣ʵǲᡣ
ӭǹ׸Ļȥѧȥʣ⻹ҪҽǣҪ컹ǲͻƣЩ˶ҹ

˾ڲĿҳһţⲿҲù 

һ졢죬ü춼ǱкתѰζˡ
һЩ˵ƨסˡ

Ҫףⲻ䳰ȷһ£
ӴϣȻǹ˼үܹ취Ⱑ
ܣĿɵôˣҪҪЩ˾æֵһ°˵Щ˾ɣǲ
ܣɰ⿴㰡ģǹ˾ˣ

ǳҲˣʱա
ߣڹױǽš

ŹһͷĲԣǷһġ
Ǹ˹ûƭԼ
Ȼ׶ԲסˣЩĿӿ۲˺ܾˡ

ɱ˵Уûܸ
¿ɺãڰ칫յźԭ˵ĺúõĺʱ׼˳ֱ˵ԡ
յģЩ˿֡æǶҵš

ʱ䣬ôæµͽޱ֮Ժ󣬱ỹһѡ
ڽ֮㣬˻ڹأڹĻ磬ޱ˸û

ĬĳĬ£˿ɳ֮
#һǣ崿裬ʵΪٸĹ#ڰҹȻһ硣 





57.  ʮ   

ӳＸ, һϸޱС
Ƿ綥ѧȴܹչ˾ʵϰ
ʵϰڼ䣬ⲻɻ, һĺ͹׹üȥ

ޱó, ֮Ų˵Ĺϵ
Ȼ, Ҳһרҵ, Ϊޱ
ңޱ뵱ѡĿ, Ҳйɽ

ڣǰʱ䴫б, ޱе, Ļǹ׵ĺ, ǹ˼ƲޱݣѺ
ԹΪ, ĿͶ, ޱڽĿȥ

βƬ
һǶǸСˣ˲עʱ͵͵š

ϴޱ, û˳, 
С˾ʶޱĿɽСƬ, ˡ

Ƭ̻̲գڱСѰ˺ʵʱϾ۸ŵùĹС

һԶ֮ǰĻҪޱһ١

ϴαǵʱҲİҪ, Ȼ.ƭˣͶƱ
ȥȥҼҽԶһ㣬Ҫһ𤵽Ҽҽϡ
Ҿ˵ޱʲôûǰεѶӰӬ޷ĵôѣ϶⣬Ȼ

ȵȣҵעչ˾ޱ͸ù˾ܲһȣ
Զԣ¥ϵĽǵġˣչ˾ҸողǼҵĹƱвУӦˣ׼Ͼ׳ȥϲޱֻɫܲõƷ϶á
˲ò࣬벻ܲģϴοķһкøУˡȨı˽ܲþ˲
ȵңҲ׼ǼҵĹƱˡһ뵽һݹǵϰС˶ģһȭͷӲˣզˣͨ˵Ͳ𣬿ѹե

һһӿ˽ĿΧ棬ˢˢҪޱ˳Ŀ顣

ǵֻһ
Ҫ͵ǽΡ
һףҪĿ

ȽĿ黹Ҫ֪ѵģա
ǰʱ䣬ޱԼͷĻûȥ

ŭԼ˺ţһҲµġ
ŴתӣջƱ˵һѻޱ㾹Ȼˣôͷΰ㵱ɽá
ѵ̱״̬ԣ˭ĸԸһһơ
岻ʣһȥͷ˷ѵʱȥġ
ЩֺδȡΪҵѡ
ޱƾԼĸ˵Ե

üһѡĿ³һȾ󲨡

ҼգίˡСɵӣ˼Ҵ㣬㻹áҿˡ
̫ܳˣֳŮ˲ѡҪģҪģǷ˿һֱ㱳֧㡣
Ŀˣޱ.ӣԵҼôĹػ𣿹ֲ㱳ĽҪˣĳЬ˭Ҫ
ǣûз۴ˣڰû˭һǣжҶҪˡ

һվͻԽԽվ
ţһЩ˶ŽĿѡֵͷΣˮ㣬˵һЩƼٵĻìͷȫתޱ
ִˣѡֻкôûл

ԽԽ󣬵ǲѹ̫ӿǺܵɡ
ҵòסǱߵ˼ϾͶ˴ʵʽ𣬾Ϊޱ

ʱѡһԣװʲô֪˵ڻǡ
ûʲôãޱǱߵľԽѿ

ޱԺ󣬾һֱѡĿṩ
۱صҵһ·ϣ˶ָָ㣺
ûУ˵ľ棬棬ûмôҪŮӡ
㿴㿴ǲǽϵˣ
ûûƤԶһ㣬ճϾͻ

ЩޱһҲûƮ޵ߡ
ȻѵĿˡ

صҺޱֲôҲ򲻿ҵţʹӦ
֮£ֻȥѯʽĿ飬⵽ôһ顣

¥ʱͰԶ˶ൽеͰ
սһȻԼƷθŰĳζŶǵӡ

ޱˡ
һͰԣҪĶ

Ӵⲻҵĺýô䵽Ͱ
վӸµĿޱʧ̬ǵЦ

ޱеĲԾ˫קĿȣɫǰ󣺡գ⾿ôһ飬ҵĶôͰ

ղ̵һǿޱָ˵ô£Լĺ²ǵˣңҿûѣ˾ϰ壬ĺӣһŮӻ顣

˵Щޱæܵɫ˥ܵɫ
ǻͻȻһֻ֣ݺݵشޱһ뿪ˡ

ƵʹޱûиоһֻҪط
ޱشӵվ˲ױݴ磬һӳط
ӵ˵ĵطޱĶ߻Ǵ˵ĳЦ

ޱҳһţҲɶá

ԴӻԺռŵĹɼһ·µڵȥҪͣˡ
ɶǲĹ׵ĸʷҪΪ׵ĸ飬ӶӰ칫˾
ɼۣǿɾҪúø˵˵

ףô£ĿˣڻĹ˾ɼ½ǲǲҪܲˡ
һ뵽ԼеĹɷݼֵʮеɶƢͿƲס

ֶ˵㡣ԼĹ˾һ⣬ʱǿƨˣ˼һʰЩأѹ˴󲿷ֵͷ㣬ûиԤΪ

Щɶָֹ𣬹׵ɫڳһ̼





58.  ʮ   

Դɶһһ, ȫͲޱĹϵ˵ģɣ壬ǻǻӺǵˣһᴦõ, Ǿͷİɡ

ղͬ, ׽Ӷûа, ɶǲ֮ǰ
˵ŴƱĻ, Щɶһֱֹ
ǣŹ׵滹˵ſ׻ֶ, Ļλɶ, ô᲻ء

ȹ뿪, Ǳ־ۼһ, ԺĲԡ
һֱŹ׵жҲǸ취

˵, ҿ
ɲ, ӹ˾ڣûгֹô⣬Ŵĳ, ˰
˭˵, Ϊֹ֧ףҿͶ˴۽ȥҪǸҿ, ˭˵ȥ

ҿǹС̫ᣬס顣ϾҲűҵûжþ͵ܲã׻ǲС 
Ǿǣ˼ǹ˼ҵӡ̬޷ˣ˼տ϶, ϾҪֺˣɼҪǻܻͶȥǮҪˮƯˡ

⻰˵ǿ˕FǺӣ˼ܹ˾úõġ˽⣬˼һܹ˾һȵһҪȥ˵˵ù˕F֣
˼ҹ˕Fŵܾźúõģֹ˾ܲã㵱˼ɵ

˵˵ţɶǾͼ尧յ⼸ɰǳˡ
һԹζһʱ˭Ҳûпڡ

ȵλͷвԾĵط
һɶˣдɻ

ţ

Բԣչ˾ô飬ܲǱû˹ҹ˼ǱҲû˵ʲô
ôһָɶ粦

Զԣʹ󣬼ͷˣûзӦСӺʹ
ҲǣӦð˼զ˹ѲǶˣûôأ
Բܣϴƨ飬ɼ۶ûӰ죬˼Ǳ߾Ҫ߷ᡣ̬󣬹˼Ǳ߲ûзӦ

ɶһȥ˵һ޷ŵʵǣ˼׼ˣ

ûй˼ֵ֧ĹףڹɶĿɶǡ
ЩĻ⼸ɶҲеԥ
Щ죬飬ɶʵûɼ֧ȥ

һȫû˵ĹɶؿˣҵǾһԵΡ

˭ͬʵ

˷硣˼ҵӡ
⻰أɶ㿴ңҿ㣬߽֯ڿУƺĳֹʶ

һǹɶǵİȳ²֣һǼǵ׷ᡣ

չ˾¾ۼý壬˵֣˵֣ССʮˡ
Ǽչ˾¥ǰͲŴ

Ǹǻǻ㲻

ײһֱڹ˾һЩĿҪȥͷԽӡ
һֻ⣬һȺ߷ӵΧˮйͨ

ȿֺؾŻͲ´ʱ
ܣ֪ϱôġ
ܣԹ˾ɼһ֮ڼ½ʲô뷨𣿡
ܣ˵ڰ칫  ˼һУ𣿡
ܣ˵䣬˵䡣

ᶼһڱڵİ£ѵ
кЩߣ԰갡ʱ˾ͳһٿ߷ᣬʱӭʰ

ɢ˼ߣƣӽ˳

ʱ򣬰ЩѡһѡѡһЩǾģͬʱЩʵĴ𰸸׼á
յ̵ҪϰΪ̬ȹӦˡ

ɶɶ˳׵ɫһü춼ţޱء

㬵˵XXС  
ҿף±׵ŭ𲨼

뿪ĿޱҲȥضڹ׸ŵʱס
ɳֻ۾նǰ棬֪ʲô

׿ţޱģһ
ֱ֣ݺݵקĸ첲ţϴҷǰô˵İ㲻ǵ𣿡

־֮һ˵Żһޱ󣬵ˡ

ޱڱ˵Уһɲǵʱ׵ŭ
һӣ̧ͷ˵ýͰͣҡû¡

һֻޱֲţһֻ΢ϵۡ
úÿô˵ģЩôġ

.ˡ..ĿǸֲĴ

ޱƳͷҪ
ԸǿӲͷǶĳͷҿ

ޱڱıԵţţȫˤڵϣ
Ҳ֪Ĳ֪

˵˵ţǵ˿ǻ

ޱЩֹޱһָֻ߸ߵ 
·һҪ䵽ϡ 

ʱޱȫµرۡ

սŵ˼㡣
ͻȻķ˵绰

ؿޱһۣʱһתȥ˵绰 
ܣˡ㡭ȥΧ
绰ͷ쳣  

Ҫ˵ЩʲôޱŵףҲΪܲáһĵļһ  

׵ж˵绰ݺݵضޱ˵һ顣  

ʱޱͷңɫ԰ף۾ﻹڴתʹ쳣˿ӣͻоӣظһ飺Ǹ

ʱڣޱǻһˡ
ǰĵСųͨͨ

޿̣ǰҪúýѵ

ǣͻ

ޱ˫ڿкұȻҴҴˣҲҡ
ɫдŵǸ΢ӡ

ӲǹϤģ

˵ʲô˵Ĵ
ޱıת䣬һŭ⣬ø̶

ǰ龰ʶͣסǰĽŲ
ޱаˣ

һ˲ͣر仯ףڿв֪˭˵Ż

һֿ־ڹĵȻ
ޱˡ

װ򶨣ʵҪ֮󼪣 
ξʱŹҴú÷ʡ



ϵĹһһ
һ껹ûϾϽűϡ

֪Ǹһ˵ϼǱ׼ǵչ˾ְܲλ
磬иӴ̼ġ

棬һ۵ĵӸ߲£ҲǼΪ
ǰɲǰɣѵ֪Ѿ͹˼ҶϾϵ

#˼##ףΪ˼ҵ#ȴ˲͵Ѱһ˵Χۡ

һЩֲ´ѣϼŵ۵ԡ
˵Ǽûжˣ
˵׼͹׶Ͼϵ  

ЩԭֻǱԵ̬ȣû뵽ı΢ظˣ
ǵģײǹϼеһԱϼÿһԱȨÿһŮԵ

ѽɸȵ¼һѻ
̬չԽˡ

׿ƮѣֻĶˣ
ĸСְӡ

Ҳ飬˭  Ҫ硣
׻õĹ

ѵĳ֣Ǹû뵽ġ  

˕FĦֻŹϼŵµۡ 

Դӹ׳׺͹˼һ޺󣬹үӵӼߵ˥ܡ
ҹʱʱүѹɤӵĿ
ǿеθڣһҹصǰ

Źүսݵͷѹ˵

Ҫ˵˕FԹ޹ףͲܡ
󲿷ʱ䶼ڹĹ˕Fڹ׵ĸνǵ
Թ׵Ĳ׷ȫȻǿڹүӵϡ

ûǰʱæµʱСѾ御ˡ
˕F̣Ĺ׻Ź˼ҵñӣΪ

ǣȹزʾ˕FδѵĻشʱ
ѡʵʵ˵
ˣȥףǽָʲô
˕FԸ

չ˾Ĺɶǿѣٿ˹ɶᡣ

ҿڸղֳ˷ʱ֪ҳһš
Щɶ㿴ңҿ㣬ɳһԡ

λȻѾ͹˼Ĺϵôǰʱı֣ڴ׵Ķ³ϯλǾͶƱɡ

ɶܣɤӣȻг֮ͬôӽԺ󣬹׽ٵα˾ܲһְ
ôܾʱܲһְ

û뵽֪£Щɶֱˡ
ľأνѩϼ˪





59.  ʮ   ˮ

Ϊ˺͹׻, ع˾ҡҡ׹Ĺɼۡ
չ˾ϣֱڹϷӼ𣬹׽ٵչ˾ܲһְ, ܲһְʱܾΡ

ȥȥ, չ˾ٶȿ԰Ǵҵ, ٶȾǿ졣
λй˾ҿʲô, ʲôǵ˼ҹϼţӻ, Լҵӡȿȣĳĳ˾˵ľ㡣
, Źϼûд, չ˾ֵԩÿһ, ŹÿһˡҼᶨȥչ˾ͷõҵΧ
, Ǽҹ˾, ϽҹѧϰҵĻǲ˵˵ģҪʵġ
в, ̫ˡȥǼҵĹƱǴЩ¼, ǿ϶ѹ˾չõġ
¥ϵĽõȵңҲȥ˳Կ, ϵʱ򣬸ʱڵĹɼôͣʱǻܴ׬һʣ

չ˾ĹɶҲû뵽ͨ淢, ˾Ĺɼ۷ˡ

ʱķɿ죬̫߸߹𣬵̫ɽ䡣
ܿ͵ٿ߻ʱ䡣

ͻȻ׺͹˼˹ϵüҲһֲ
û뵽иӾ˵ϢλᣬһϽ任Ŀȡõһϡ

ǹ飬εļ߻᲻ϴֱ
ѡý壬κ˽롣

鶼𣿡
ϳǰһȷϡ

ܲãģЩߺȫɸѡ֤ʲô⡣

ʱ䵽߷ʽʼ
ǰ漸ڴûѯʼ̱⡣

ܣô϶ù˾Աĸ飿
ܣԹ˾ɼ۾ҵ½ʲôӦԷ𣿡

ǣż߷ƽ𽥲Ծ

ܣ˵𱬵ѡĿĺģԴʲô˵ġ
ܣչ˾㲻ٵܲһְôġ
ܣ˵͹˼˹ϵϢʱ׼ȷ𣿡
ܣ͹˼˹ϵĸ˲Ʋвʲô仯𣿡

һһǶһһꡣ

׵ɫάֲס
һʣҷȰλýѣҳԣɲҪ˵

òһԴԲ˺ˣǡǻѯйص⣬Щ⣬ٿһ߷ʡ

Ҫǹǹ˼ҵǵĹ˼ң˼ɡ
ֽϻһʲôûŵġ
Թ׵ںڵ𣬼ǲµģʡ

ܣǲζԹ˼ҵĴ
ܣʲôԭ򣬱˼ȥ
ܣ˼飬ǻָ𣿡

µý࣬ҳһš  
ΪռƴӿףҪõ𰸡

׺аԵˣԸȥشǵ⡣
ŭһ󲽿뿪

#׺##ŭ##׷ŭϯ#ȴǶѡ

Щݣѿ֣Ц
áΪοԺŪѡΪϲеġ
ǰɲǰɣʹ˰ɣϼźģĵ˲䵱ܲȥ˾ˣ¡ȰƷ¹ˣȥ⡣
¶ˣڶˣαӡС壬ȥһҲ˷ѡ
ҲԼλãҪռڱ˵λòš

ЩȦӵ˳Цݡ
Ʋ߹Ǹģ
Լ˼ҳЩ겻֪˶ˡ

ˣʱЩ˽ⲻǹɶ



Ƿ˻᷵طֳԼĽ׷С
ӵĻ֣Ҳ
鷢չز֪Ǹ͵֡

ûޱӵķ˵ֽš
˾͹˷硣

ϴıôãòҵһڵ㡣
ͱ赭дιȥ

Դ˹׵Ĵ󲿷Ŀ裬Ǿͷء
˷һвʣùӦܵĳͽ䡣

˷ܽϴε飬ĥĥȥþ֤ݲ㡣
Ҫǿ֤ݣܸ׺ùӳԡ

򲻸ˡ  
һС˷һޱѪ¼ʱƬ
ԽɺϵǣƬǣǸ۳ȥš

˷翴Ƭ۾˷ܵĹָƬ
úãµҪѡ

Ǻһƽϣƽ˾
˷һ£·λˮ
Ѹײڶ֮ƣѸλ

ʱ䣬˷ϲһֻֻǵ
϶áĻ˷ͷǿġ
ԽݣԽˡ

˷ԭΪ˼ҶĴջعﲿֵȨ
û뵽˼ֱס

ԤڵĽ˷ζЦѡ
ڣڶ˹ס

˼Ψһ̳Ȩģֻʣ¹˕Fˡ
˷۾ɱĹ⡣

ٵ𣬻˹˷˼
ݶѸٻ
ڹ˷ֻпģ·ղǸƱ˵˲

һſ֣ͷ˰Ծˣ߽
ָָֻϵ֣˵

ôҴӦûʳ԰ɡ
˿̵Ĺ˷磬̹¶á
ܣ𣿹С˵˼ˣ
΢΢̫š

˷վصļ򣺡ģĴˡ

꣬ʶظŶϵ˰̡
ʱţȥܾá˰̻ڣûа취Ĩƽ
˫ִԸһİ͹ƽ
һжʾǹףǹ׵ǿɵġ

мŹ˷磬ͷмػɤۣ˵
󹧾˷¹ǧһ仰ܣֻҪһ仰ԸΪͿء

Ҫ˵ǰ˶Թ˷磬Ž黳ʱֻй

˷羪㵵شסæ˫ĸ첲Ǹʲôʱǲ˵õ𣿲һףҰ㣬߹һס

۾ֱ㶵ؿŹ˷磬ǹһã˵ʲôʲô

۵׵ϣ˷˫üǳŨŨصģЩ죬ҲˡͻؼҺúϢϢ˺ϰࡣ

׵ĵ̨Լʹ
¸߰˵ţܲãҾҲϢʲôȥɡ

˷һĲͬղŲҪΪҸͿصôˣ˵ĻͲˡúûؼϢϢ

εͷٺһЦǣܲá
תõ뿪ˡ

ע˱Ӱʧ˷ջٵЦݣһɵӡ

һͨ¼䵭طԸöһĵʲôȥҸʱ

ǹ˷籾òײϡ





60.  ʮ   һ

鷢չﲢûꡣ
¿һֻĻ, ˵Ѿļˡ

Щϣһ˶Թ׵Ϊ
ǹ׵ĳ, и˷ָΪ

ȴż߷, ʱѾ˰, ϡ
չ˾Ǳ߶ɴ, Ͽ˽Ʒ

װ㻹, δ޵ĿܣǧҪ벻Ȼ뿪˹˼, ɲһ겻񰡡˾⼸, Ҳѧ˺ܶࡣδ, ĺϢ
ɶ˵ſưοĻʵ, רżŹײĻ

ص˾, ܲð칫ǰڷŵӡ
ߴɶǼض
ⶼʾŶĲӭҪ뿪顣

׵ȭͷӲ, ҲԸЩɶ
һ, ǰºݻʮӶʮһҵš

߷, д£ҵظϻعԢ  
֮Ǳߣ

֮ϰߵشֻʲô·
ϵţЦˡ

Ϊĺֵ, ֮ͬʱܹĿҲġ
ǰĽ֮㣬¹ױĹ˼ңڹ׵ΪʲôԹ
Ҫ߾ȫֺùףı׶չˡ

׿̨ˣ˵˵Щɹĺ£ôԵѵÿɹĻᡣ

֮춯صԣ

ͷЩĻ»治١

ʱڣǿУӲǲɢ£УΪŮѡ
ѧϰأǲúѧϰģӿΡɹ
ڳɼôãȫѧУڹ˼ҵϣ˭ù˼ѧУɶ 
ĽĳᣬǮĵġΪ׿һ¥
ЩЩסˣù˼֪

ѧУ衢ǳ̬
ֻҪ˳ۣ͹Ҫʲôɡ

ǰһ۵ʵԣǶۼΪŷ
棬ʱͻᱰɣӹӾǻġ
ˣҪ˶ְҵǰ;ðع⡣ЩѶڹ
ƹףԺȥļҹ˾ҾͲļҵĶǲǮ׸һƷжӵ  

Ҳע⵽ۡ
Ҫ⻹𲻳˭ɵӡ

֮㣬ģӱͱӡ
Ӵǰһ棬Դ

Ų´Ьġ

ڵĹη塣
ʲôµģزиʱ

׸նߣֱӶԼֶ
֮㣬־ͱͷڹꡣӵ⣬ʲô
ܣ֮˭ҿɲʶ֮ìܲҪǣ޹ĵˡ

޹ĵˣޡ֮..еû¡ҴʱǱϥģϧû¼Ȼʱųһֺֺǡ
ף˵Ҳǽ֮㣬Ҷûǿ֣˻𡣶ˣȷ˻ġ

֮㣬ϱƱΪΪ㵽ͰȫˡбҪ㣬飬ȫб档Ը

˳ŷз  ֻһ뷨
һ˵ĵߣȻû޵ġ

õϣԸãɥĲ顣

ǶԹ׵ӡȵס
֣ǰѵһţǫǫӡ
˺Ĺ

һһϵıǹѩԽԽ
ĿǱ߳׻

ĽۣĿĿǰʽ⡣  
˸ۣ½ĿͷʹֻһһĿԺϡ

Ҳ͵£ĿʽŲ졣
Ǻ½ĿͣϽȥѰµͶ̡

ֻҪܸ׵ңȺ£˷Ȼ
ĿϢųûжãϽĿ顣
ԼԸΪµ̡

˷ɱȹ״ˣͶʵĽԶڹס
ǩĺͬ˫⡣

ͬǩѡĿĵݣϹϾѡֵ᣺ܣ棬㿴ˣǸޱô

Ļڹ˷ǰ
һ΢ϥдģ֪ĻΪǹŴѡֳ

˷ĵطҳȻޱֺò
ޱ鷭ţӹмĹâ
װĸϲŮˣΪʲôˡˡ

鲻ӹ˷磬۲˷ı飬ͷϸĦʲô˼

ọ̈̄˷һ仰˵ıһֱһģüëҲһ¡
ļŸȹһ⵽ҪҪޱȥ

һʿվ˳ܣԣŮ׼ͲӦðڽȥ

˷ûֱӱ̬һ仰ˣúñ֡

ܣ⻰ʲô˼զ
Ź˷뿪˵ıӰеݺ˵

ɵޱúñֵ˼Ǵĸɾ㡣ýĿܵõۡ

£ޱ꼻һֵ



ĿȥҹףҲ޹
һûʲôֵĽĿײɵװ׵ؼǮͶȥ

̶̼죬ᵽʲôһϣһ¡

ڣϵĶӰ쵽˹ϼŵĹɼۡ
ȻӰޣǹ˕FǹүӣĴ
ֱ׵ĲֲƲԼɵʧ

ж񱨡ǲʱδ
׵ùһһ졣
и鷳





61.  ʮһ   

չ˾Ц, ʲǿ
ţǼʶһ£ʲô

ûд򹤾, ôȥһ˾ְԱ
żȥһҹ˾ܲһְ

ڹ, Ŀûа취, ǹүӵš
û, ǰڲǽչغúõġ

HRӵ׵ļһħʵ
չ˾ܲ, ôͣ˾ʲô
ȻӦƸܲһְֱӾԺһ

HRʹ񾭲, ϻǿһЦ, ˵ģ廰ļҿ, Ȼؼҵšʱǻ֪ͨϰġ

һҹ˾HRƢȽϻ𱬣˵ֱ׶ˡʱǹ˾ҪҪ̤ʵ, ҪøԶȻʱ, С˾ʵ䲻㡣

״С󣬾ûܹί
ˣɫ, ˦ɫhr

ŭ, صסأͶޱСС

ǵ, ѡޱһ
һмŮ䡣

ͷһμޱ裬Ǿÿ¡
ǣȼ֤˵ڶΣ׼治ɫܵس

, ƾһӵԸһޱ´ࡣ
ᣬżǷޱҲûа취ֿ¶ѿ顣
ַζˡ

Ҫǵϣ졣
ޱԽȫѪҺԽǷڡ
ŷǵһ鱦һ

Щʱޱûϡ
׶ڿһ˷йż

ܡܵãһСְλò㻹һܲá
ټķȫޱķЦ

Դޱ׵һޱչʾ
ʹޱгƣЦ

ޱ˫ڿлҪѹ׶
ǰ׷ѹ

һʱ䣬˭û˵š
һĬ

ͻȻ̴ٵĶ𣬴ߴŹȥ鿴
һʱķŹޱ



ʲô콵ϲ
˷û뵽һĿḽôһϲ
ȫ֮⡣

𱬵ѡĿ»һ̣ޱ˳
飬ѡ֮Ҳ۷׷ס

Ŀ飬鷢üʮСʱˣڷˡŶMʱ䣬ֻˡⲻ׼أô
¥ϣĿΪӡ֤һŻʱҪǹ׺ޱװ׵ģʲôϵҲûУĿֱҪޱͺãαطôľ
Զԣôһ
ȵȣǣҸʲôεĽƬ˧˧˧Ҫȥˡ
һۣ˰ˡ˱ˡ

˼лͶ̽ѡǣ˷ܻˣǼԽɫ

ڻӭϣѡһػ֦չģ޲õһһϸ¡
ûбͶУһӡ󣬱ǳɹ

ⳡھƵ˽Ծб֤
һûоˮ˵ġ

һһһƿһƿ
ȫˮĿ񻶡

ȫ̹ǺȾƣġ
Ϊ˼˷ЩѡֵȤⰲĻðգսҲǾǧѡġ

˷粻мɵϷ
κ̫ߣĵڱ򵹣ҲЩСһѡ

ɺϵ鷢ˡ
ͶϷѡ֣϶ǽĿڶģܹѡ֡
Ŀİţ˾֮ģ·˽֪

ԭ7˳Ϸոպá 
ǣڲһҲȱһ

һԴһϼƣնȥ
ΪĿ鴴˲ٵ䲻һλԾա

̼̼̼
һת̿ʼתա

ʵҪѡðգһкͺ̵Ļ
ǿŹ˷簲رɳ۾ǿѹѹ¡
տɳܵˣѡĻ

˵һ֪Ҳ֪İԡ
תΧ󲿷˷Цһؿ

սɤӣҾͽһܰɡޱ֪ġһ  
ͷһת˹ӣޱӦûһǻǵϴٳȥ𣿡
ȥĿᣬ棬ޱһֵ20˵һƽŮܳܵġ

˵һȷµӡ

ˣöˡһҪһôҪ
ʲôţ˰ó20ȥҪ崿衣֮ǰһϣӦˡ
ǾǣڱȫڣƷȷСоͺúڼμʲôѡĿһͲӦμӡ
࣬ЩŮ˵ͽ뵽һϷС

Ϸڼ˷û˾ȥ顣
͵뿪ᡣ

ع˾·ϣ˷粦ͨĵ绰ȥ飬ޱ˱󻹸ĸȾ

װĸ磬ͷһƬԭ

ٶȺܿ죬һСʱǸЩܵƬ˷ֻϡ
֮ޱĻᣬǰڻĹ׷֣רȥһЩ˵ĵط
淢׾ûз֣ԽĴҲ޼ɵ

˷ֻϣһƬϤס
Цɫ񲡣
ҵĺø磬ŮҲҪͺֵһ

˷绮ֻһŲķ͸˹ס



ǾŮ֮ˣῴЩƬϣ֮ޱĽ޳ѡ
Խ»Խ¶ǡ

ãã֮СӣҺġ
ñӵĳ裬ùʧȥǣ˲˭ġ

ޱĲӣǽڣ۾ȫǷŭޱ滣ӣˣǲǺܿˡ

ףԼУͲԹȥҵıˡ
˫ش׵ĻԽĴֱðͷ
ʲôڣһֻҪɱ

ޱֵĴ󣬻һĽףʲôˡҲһˣźǲǺбɱҰ

ͷһҪͣͣ
ޱӵ⣬šͷʮ׸ߵĵ棺ûУ֮ء

ףб¾Ұ㻹н֮á
ޱһαһö

Ҫסޱ֪ͣôģޱ׹¥ˡ
ܿ죬ٵ½
žһڵը˻Ѫһء

ޱˡ

ˣײŷӦղԼʲô
Ȼڴ죬ıȴһĺ
׻񣬴͵¥ޱʬ塣

ǹ׻񣬹ӹ׾ֹҲŵˡ
֪ôڶ̶̼ڣͻᷢ顣

鷢ˣҪȥ
֣ͨ˾ֵĵ绰
ǸʲôˣҲ͵ˡ





62.  ʮ   

ٶȷǳ, ڳе
׻ޱ¥ıС
Ԣо

ÿÿ鷳óһ
ޱʬԱΧſֵļүæȰ뿪  
޹ԱҪٻʬ, һЩҪ֤ʧ, 鹤һš

ʱ, ʱֵ, ̫ڰС
ԡҵУĪطš

Ķͷϻһ㱡
Щӵ绰ͷɱ, Լٶȸȥ  
һݲаٿ

ޱһȻС, ٵ˹ע
ʱ, Сĵ, æڹ

⼸үǾסĵطޱ׹¥ص, 
洫޴, ųſ

ŵѪģʬ壬治ɫ 

ʱŵأޱǰױĽΪ
˫۾þòܱ, ֵؿǰ档
۾۰׼Ϊ͹ۿ, Ҫ

·ڸǵļչ£ϰ߲, ûһõġ
һ֪ޱǰ⵽˳ڵŰ

ֵβ̵ĶԴػὫ֮Է

ЩΪҪϺһ򣬲Żҵ֡


Сҵİ£ޱڵĵԪ 
ǵһۿǹס

Ȼ, ŵһ̲һ̲ʺѪȫסķһ򾪿ų˰ɫ
鵽Ӱ󣬸ŵǽڣ˫ֱסͷ૵˵ңңʲô֪
˵ɫ񲣬ͷĴһΣ뵽ܾߡ
ӵһۣ̾ˡ
ڽӵʾһǰ𰲸׵㲻Ҫ£㲻Ҫ£ǲץġ

һ죬ͬ˹׵עùײע⣬һȥؽױڣֹȶ׹

˾ϣ׺
ȷȫ󣬵޾ĺڰ

鷳ǵɳȥһˣ¼һ±¼
ھһȻ׼

״С顣
ܵĳ̫˴ڰ費״̬

ʧǵظھ棬ԴһƬհףʲôҲһֱԹ߶ţңҡ

ЩΧ۵Ĵү׳ָָ㣺
ǲǾǸ鰡ɱ˵ǸŮˣ
ŶҼˣҼǴӸ˵ˡ˱͹˾ְһȣ粻
ף˧һСӣȻɳ飬ƤҪˡ
ˣҪʲôƤȻҲṴ˾ˡ

Զڳڵһӣ  
Ǻαأ֮ⲻ˵ġ
˵Ļд̷ͽ̡

󣬷Ժоˣд̡

ǰѺĿ˵ػȥ̳ǰշںΧһҪǻᾡ㡣

ľɫû˿ɣҪɵĿ
عԼƵһгźڣ˵дŲ鷳Ҵ仰үү˾һ仰ӹײТܸТˡ

һľ
25 Żں뿪硣
ЩˣΪʱ

Ǳ߽ԼһҶԼȫµһ

ɱޱϢһȦκˡ
û뵽ӻĴ

ȥȥǷˣɱ鶼ĳ
л죬ù鰸Ҫǹͷ֪мҪ
ллأˡЩҿûˡ

ҶԶǧ֮⣬ȴޱصһ̣ĸо
ȫ˲泩ǰ˳

оĴҴңȥҲҴҡ
̶һӵʱ䣬ݵҶ˴
ˣûзϡ

ݵĲ˼صֻϡ

˶ĺһ䣬ҲȻع
εĺ˫Ϊ⡣

˶ǱߣһСƴŻɫʣһܺ

вרһƵε鱦ơ
⣬Ƶߴǧ
һЩֵͬˣסһŻʦ

ôҶߣΪεĺͬ˾õʽֱӿһȵ
ܼ໹ѴɣְAеķֹ˾ȥܲá

εĶϴιںǩĶһġ
ͬҲɱӡ
˶ûΪҪ󣬵Ҳù˾æýͷö
ܼȻûʱ䣬Ҳû˼ȥҶ

Ҽҵġʧɱޱ
˼主СŮ
Ҽġ˵ڱˡðô֮ⲻ˵ġ

Ҷֻϵ֣һʧ
Ǹǿû˿Ժʼ˵Ĺףܵ˳ͷ
׵̨Ḷ́ԶԼɡ

ҶֲʲôΣʲôʵ

ҼġϴβǸ˶ܾͼı졣ҪȻƾʲôչˡΪ׷ȻͨǵƷлУƾŮ˵ĵо˶Ͼͻ

εΡҶֻ𶯣˼
ֻϵϢҶʧЦˡ

˼主СŮƣˡҸֻǺ֮ദ˵ˣѲɼ׷һΪҷ
УҿøһѪ졣Ѫ찡õƷʣôĿҪҲҪʮꡣ
Ҽġ͵ˡ˶ˡæˣAпҡһǱߺİ
˼ҸСŮ˺ˣҶѾʰˣϾͷɹ
Ҽġemmm񣬾˵үӵӲ̫áҪǡ

үѲǵ˴ˡ
Ĳģξʱ仹硣ܵģܵġ
ҶסõͷеظϵAС





63.  ʮ   ز

Ȼ, εĴģǿѨ 

Ҷ˵ķɻһء
˲ʰԼǱ𼱻ǵظ˼ҡ

Ҷе֪ͨ, үһҲûС
ֱٽ˴, , ŷû֪ͨ

ҶԳһЦ
ҶĹѧȥˡ
, Ҫҡ
㿴㣬ʲô

Ҷԭ, ָ򶨵ģ

ϵù˕Fתתլſڡ
Ȼһ·, Ҷ׼, ˺ܶ
ǿүӵһ, ֹס

ˣˡ
Ĳɣ, ҲǸӵ

ҶѾͷ, ʲôүүⲻúõ.ѣˣ޳һСèˡ

Ҷ֪үʲô֢
ƾż仰, ܹܵ, ү˵ʱ㡣

ǹүӹеҶͷһů
ȭ, ָģʹƻᡣ

Ҷջϵˮǿ᲻Ҫ£үүͷɺˡүүʲôҪȥĵط, ȥ
˵ΡΡźصĿǻ

ү¶ЦݣͶˣûʲôÿ޵ģ㿴Цÿүүˣ߲ˣͲȥˣԼһȥˡ

⼸ůĵĻҶ㡣
˭ȥһ죬˭߲·һ졣
ƾĹүӣʵŵҲûС

ҶǿסˮӲس⡣
͹үӷ˾﷢顣

ҶѾͷˡܹһҹ˾ĺãôһӡ
үҶϲĽɫο

үԼ״

尡  
һоһǳŲ˼졣
ϣһ㹻ˡ

үӵ˥ܣԶҶ
һӹΪһλĹ˕FҲʱ°ࡣ
˕Fһţۿɼƣ  

ŹүӴӴ˕FΪУүүôˡҽ˵ҪϢ
˵꣬ҪŹүӵȥ

ʱĹүӣмͯӣȰ  
Ŀ˕F֣תͷȥǲҾͲȥˡڴһ磬˵Ĺͷɢˡ

˕FŹүӾǿϣ¶εһЦ
ûǿҪүȥǾڹүߣҶ͹ү֮ĶԻ

ʱҶй۲˕F״̬
̫á

˕F۵Ȼ˺Ȧ°ðһСû
ɫ͸¶ƣ롣
ͷ⻮һ˿ۡүӵĲء

Ҷ˵ƣŴٯǻ 
үƳ˵˯ˡ

ŹүӵƤһһϡ
ҶһүүúϢɡ

ʾ˕Fȥ̸̸
˵ڿײ˕Fˡ

ԽԽӽ죬ˡ
ǵϣͷǴһЩ

Ҷ͹˕Fվ̨ϡ
һ޼ʵĲƺʹƮƮүүôһ¡

˕Fû˵ӣͬޱ޼ʵĲݵء

ʱȥãõҶΪ˕Fǲ˵ԭʱ
˵ˣүүҽ˵ľŵ̫죬´޽廹ܻ죬ûһҲ졢Ҳ¡

˵꣬ҶסͣԼľѣòײ˯ŵĹүӡ
˕FصգǧﻯΪһ̾Ϣ

ţһţǳʱĳĬ

ϴ͹׶Ͼϵֹܵǹףйүӡ

Դӹ׺뿪󣬹үʱʱȥСʱƬ
ûбֳ⣬ȴһֱԼ

ʱҵ˺󱲵ĸ
ΪӣӵĻӣġûһˡ

ϴһңûи顣
¹˕F˽±ģȫܡ
ڣӹ˕F鵭Įʲô˼ĵף

϶һңȻҸ
ڹ4꣬⳵˫˫ɥ
£״СɹүӸ⽽Щ

϶ǰΨһͷĲ¹ףϣƽƽһ
񣬰׷ͺڷˣүһ˹ס

ǲԼˡ
Ȼ׵ôôӡ

뷨ѹŹүӴ
ԭүӵ壬ǿ֮ĩӲš
һͳܲסԽ裬ûа취ء

ͷҭͷӶţ̧Źүӵ

ҹĵ׵Ŀ־塣

벻ԼԵ飬֮ͻ档
ǰڹլֵӣүӶԼĹػ
Ҷ

˕Fһ̾ϢطȥҶϵˮ
ůɤ𣬡˺ˣˡ۾Ҫˣʱүү֪޹ˡ

˕Fָһһȥˮ
Ҷʵ

˕FⷬҶ֣£زɡ
Զԣˣʲôÿ޵ġÿһ˶ôһ졣

Ͷʲôʱ򶼿Գȥ棬үӵȴޡ
AеҶȫĵŹүӡ

ҶѾͷͷʲô˼ȥɡ

үүʲôǲˡҪȻүүô᲻Ҫء
Ҷϻװĵı顣

ôءҶѾͷүүܸл⼸顣
үḧҶ֡

˴ӵĹүӣ᲻֪Ҷ˼  
ǵһģԼ
ҶҵѾͷˡǸТ˳ĺúӡ

ҶݵЧˡ
Ĳ˵ үӽʳһ㣬ܹһڷ

ʱҶŹүڷݺĲݵɢ
үӽ꿪ҵĹ¡

磬Źүӳһҩ˯

ǣÿ춼ݾͺˡ
ϧ첻Ը
鷳ˣƫҪĹүķ

Ҷĵ磬լһλ֮á

Ҷӵģʶزϲ
ĺɫͷźɫſĶһ˫һḡҶ  
˭һƦåļһ

ӶԱ˵Ҷԭǹ˷磬˼Ҷĺӡ
ϴڹĸϯϣûмסģ

ҶԹ˷ĵһӡ󼫲˷Ҷۿɾ͸ˡ

ŮҪΣһТ
Ҷɫ·Լķϻŵŵױݡ
ûƽԵһ͵

˷ǰһ
ԼǸ۹ⲻС
һŮҪȥһƽƽˣǳһȣԼǰ̡

ҶҪк˷үӵʲô
ƽ簧ϲǶԴһİ

˷ûиܵүӲӭƤЦشȥүүҾģʲô˼

ͷû𣿡
Ҷͷһμʶү¶һ˵Ĳϲ





64.  ʮ   

˷ƤЦ˵үү, ⻰ʲô˼ôܻ뷨

ǰҪȥү, ⻹ʱʱҶ
ƺڰʾŹү, ĶԻ, Ҷڳ

, ûˡʲôֱ˵
ү¶õ񣬹˷ڷ˭

˷һλƴ, Ҫ˵ԼĿģүүҾ彡״, Ѳһͼı

ûʲôĻ, ͻȥ, Ҫ¥Ϣˡ
ү첲Ҷǰ, ȫҪ˷硣
Ҷ, ǰŹүӵĸ첲Ҫ¥

Źүȥ˷
òл, ι˕F˲ڡ
´ֺ, ֪ʲôʱ

˷˲ҶڳҴҵؾҪ¹үӡ
үү, ȱ߰лҪ˵ղֻ֯ԡ

үתӣŹ˷ּеͣסӣɵĵ˵ɣʲô顣

˷¹үû, ټ죬֮˵һ֡
үүˣҲҪ̫ġȻ˰ɣְĹ˾ ˭Ǹ⡣ҿҿ϶ķڷģǴ羿Ǻæûйǰÿæ賿Ҫǽӹչ˾϶ûʱ˯ˡҲĴ壬ûг˯ߣɲһܵסɲа

ǹү֪˹˷ıԣһھҪʲô
Ҷӱ˷һλȥﻹûзӦ˵ʲô˼žؾͽˡ

˷ĻүӱһһҲ
Ҫչ˾ֱ˵˵ôһѸʲôȻˣӵĻһ׵ġ

˵˼˷һ㲻ջȻһƤģүү⻰ɾͲˣҿû˼Ϊ˴롣

үû˷磬һ仰˾ת뿪ˣС˼ǲͬġ
̬ĮڶԴһİˡ

ҶվһԣʲôҲûнҲĬĬزŹү뿪

˷뿪Ӱ۾Ǵ˻𣬽ǧС
ͷӣ㻹ǳٵúÿΪӣôĥġ

صĹүӣڴϣסҶȥӰҶѾͷȱߡүүЩҪ㽲

Ҷ¶֪ɫү޵ı̾
ôõһŮޣǹ˼ҶԲס

үӺ˼ڴߵĲ裬ɤӣű㿪˵ҶѾͷԺһҪע˷Сӡмݵ鵹Ҫ֪˷ǹ˼ҵӣ˴󲮵˽ӡ

⻰һ˵꣬Ҷֵصɴ۾˫Լ͡
Լ֪ʲôܡ
µزҪȥ֪Խ಻Խá

үҲ֪ܵԡ
ŸղŹ˷ɫ»Ҷͼı졣

ҶѾͷүүã˽˷簡СǴû˵Ƕ⣬Ƕһֱ˵ӡ
ǣʱСϣǵ֪ԼҪűš  
үүˣ֪ܻʲôʱԺҪСİ

үӵеϣŨŨĹػ

ҶŹүӵصصͷ
߲ƣʱСġӣһҶҵøеı֡

ү˿

ڹүǰԿĹ˷磬ûͣҪסչ˾ľģǼᶨ˹˷ľġ
ôһ鵰ǰвȥȡӡ

˷չ˾ƶԵļƻ
һ棬չ˾ĴɶǱϵȡǵ֧֣ϣϼʩѹ
һ棬ֺ͹˸磬ƣͨ˸Ӱүӵ뷨

ǵûд˷֪Լ
ͬΪ˼Ѫ֮¡
ҽΪ˼ƾʲôԼܼ̳йϼţҪ⵽˼ҵӡ

׺͹˕Fǹ˼ҷͰƽռ˵ĺô
һЩ廨ͷϼžӦԼ̳С

ڹ˷˫£ĿĽչƺȡ˳ɹ
չ˾ǱߣԭһԹ˷кøеĹɶΪǣͷ˸Ĺɶ
˷ķ棬ɶǮӽǮº󻹳ŵܲãؽ߸λɶķֺ

˸Ǳ߽չ˳
ڹȼ٣ڹڵ֪֮٣ԹϼķչģĮģڹϼŵӡͣʮǰ

˸ÿͿŹϼŸĸ߶ֺ죬ӡ
ڶԹ˷еչ˾ֶûȻΪһС˾

˷绰ʱңֹһΣ˸֮ġ
˕F⺢ô飬ĳԵܵǱôңҲ֪İġ





65.  ʮ   ͯ

˸ɢˡ
Ƕӵ, Ҳ
ǼڹֽԵӺ󣬹˸ŶǰAС

ɻʱûйĹ˸۵ǲزסľޡ 
ŷɻɾİ·, Χ洦ɼĴ, һơ

⻹ûꡣ
ɻִAǰ, ɫ
·߰װ̫ܰ޺, ͵ůɫװųС

ĻʩȻ˿ȹĲ߳⡣

˸Ϲ˷ŵĳ, ǰլ
⳵·Ϸɳš

һ·û˺û, в֪ܳһΣ
ȫ˼顣
һ, ˸𾪵˵
Mýһ

ȹ˸ִլʱ, ʱ䵽˳ʱ
Ҷ˕FүԲϣʳ

Ҷ˵һȤ, ϣܺùүӶԼڷ
ЦĹ˕F, ϵıҲ͡

ǶôǢ
꼻һ֣ձƻ顣

ôˡ
үͷһע⵽˷, ˵

, ǲܻ𣿡
˸˵ߡ

߽ڣ˸߶Ȼ, Ҳע⵽ڶһҵˡ
Ҷްĳ࣬жøжΪ㡣
֪ĸ˼ңʸ˼ҡ

Ź˸вڵĶ⣬үӽҶʱϣзִ硣
ɽ, λBҶҵĺӣҶ

˸ûүӵ⡣
û˵ˣŹүӵĿӦļұͽ˼ҡ

˸ûнӹүӵĻ磬Ҷһε
Թ˵ԼҪ˵Ļ֣ɫô°ǿҪ˰ɡ

⻰һ˽°үѹŻ籡ɽʲô˼ﻹ𣿡
˸ӹүӵŭνƲƲ죬û˼ҾͲǿЦʲôġ

үӺ͹˷ʱ˕Fһֱشλϣеس͡
һٶ˹˸ŭ

˕Fûп׻Ľ𣿡
˸ղܵŭ𣬾ת˕Fϡ

ûĸףҲ䵱ҵĸס
˕FȻģ͹˸γĶԱȡ

ɽ㻹ʲôûµĻ뿪
ү׼Ϲ˸뿪

˸ܲסί׼һ˦뿪
뵽ĿģӸ£Ŀ˵
˕FģͰչ˾øܵܣˡ

˕FûпڣͱүһھܾУ붼Ҫ롣

⵽ܾ˸˲ͱˣ̬ǿӲ
֣һ˾Ҷһˣôˡ˵ȹ˕FԺ˹˾ˣٲ˵ܵܵİæ

˕Fɫ˿ûб䣬;ؿŹ˸
·˵㻹ʲôо;ʹ

ǣ˸ĻԽ˵Խ֣˕F׬˴Ǯˣͷ˰֪֪˭˭ĵ

ۼֵԽأ˕Fڹүӿǰ˵ˣȻô֣˾ø˷ˡҳ˵ǰͷ˾ԣӯԸϼǲṩġ

ĿĴﵽˣ˸̬ϾתˣЦе˵ŻͶģҪ󷽵㣬ϼġ

լҲûʲôĵط˸˵껰׼뿪
ǰҶλϣ̲סҪѵˣλҿͲĿǰҪúѧϰԼݣʲô˶ܽ˼ҵġ

ƽ޹裬ҶƢҪȥ
ǹǹ˕Fĸףǳܣʧȡ
Ҷѹסĵ׵Ļ

Ŵӵһ͵ĹүӻҪƺ󣬡Ҷղǹԡϣˡ

˸ߺ󣬹үӵԽĲС
ҶĲ¹үӵ壬Ҫ뿪

鱦˾ҵ񲻶࣬ŵʱйܸܲá
Ҷڹ˼Ҷ졣

ҹɫڵĿ£Ũصܵγˮ

ŭүưܵӿˣŲסˡ
Խ˯춼á
˵ĴҲ٣춼ҪķѾ޴ 

Ҷ
ֻڹүǰװǿǿһЦ

ҹҶǶڷĬĬ
ԼΪֹүš

ǹүԤϵԼڿҪ
ĳһ죬Ҷ죬һľǰ졣

үү֪Լ״ʱղˡ
үڴϣƽ˵

үү
Ҷдž֣һõͷԺγɡ

˰ôһ졣ǰТ˳ĺߣүүѾܿˡ
үӿοҶ
һתүү˴뱲ӣûôˡǰʵмæ

Ҷ붼ûӦ£үү˵ʲôҶȥ

Ǳģǹ˕F
˵꣬үӳ̾һ
Ҷ˕Fͯꡣ

˕F⺢ӴСͿˡӣСʱɻˣǿߴߴ˵Ϻܾá
ϧʮ꣬ɽǸ쵰˹˷ţ˵ѪΪӵĸ׳ȥˣԹɽҪ

˷ĻعǽȷѪ꣬˺˹˸͹ĸһ߲Ķȥˣһ쵽ڼǳܡ
ҷֵʱΪʱ˕FԸ˽ǰضڽ
Ϊ˲̬һ񻯡ڹ˷磬Ǿһӡ˸һŽ

˵Ļ̫硣Դӹ˷ס˾ͷ׷׷⣬ͲԸӹܹ˕FͰ׵Ĺ˕FӸҡ

ҶĶҪˣ˕Fͯ굽Ǿʲô

Ժֳ︡һͷС
źɫĹװ㣬ϵı¶֪

ܹȥҪøĸ棬ȴȴǸĸ
Ȼ˵˼ȴܸܵԼĲϲ
ڼϣһּûиĸӰ

ССĹ˕F׸ĸΪʲô᲻ϲԼ
ǴСҸļͥеҶܲġ

˵иҽרоⷽ棬Űͳһ;Ǻüꡣ
Ź˕FС͹һˣүүߺʵǷĲһӡҪǡҪлĻһѣиչ
ү˵һѻɤܲסʼҵؿԡ
ҶϽǰĴүӵıүүġҸɩ飬ҿ϶㶨

̸Ҷ˕FУʱԾشŴ͹С
Ź˕FͷƤ顣
ҶôˣôоڿСӡ

ܵ˕Fڵ壬Ҷæתߡ
벻ΪƣΪĹ˕Fͯ꾹Ȼôҡ

⼸죬˸Ҳûš
һAУŲҪôͻȥ





66.  ʮ   

˸Aز, Ȼ˹˷硣

ҪǸ˾ָҪˡ
˷һ˷İ칫ʹֵϰ, ﵱĵ̡

˷˻ںͷ, һŷλñռ, Ρ
֮, ӲؽŲת˻͵ɳǱߡ

˸ܶԹ˕FȻҲܶԹ˷˵Ļ
ֻ˷Ƚ, ˵Ļù˸ġ
Թ˸Ļƫ˷硣

Ҳǵģô, Ҫȥ˵治֪˼ЩǮȥˡ
˸еҡϰ, һؿŹ˷硣

, Ķԡǰһ־֪û, ׼¡
˷ڵضϲ豭, άŹ˸

ǿɲҲ˭ѧŵ㡣´ҿɲȥ˵, һӵĻʲô, ɫ²ȥĴβк𣿡
˸ûнӹ˷Ĳ裬Ź˷, ſ²Ҫͷβһ顣

֪Դӹ˕Fعҿɱһ۸ˡûȥⱭѾӵõˡ
˷ӹ磬û˕Fһҩ

˷Ҫ˵ȥΪĶ˸û˼, 
˺ˣ֪ˡҲϡҶһˣϾԺ˕Fǻ̳йϼŵģ㻹ҪıϢ
ҲҪŬȻҲϲ˕F˼Ҽܲס׬ǮÿҵķֺǮˡ㿴㣬ͣʲô춼ûС

˸жû˰ư͡
˵Ļ־׼׵ϡ
Լ˵ĬģΪǱԼ˵ˣԵá

Ȼ˷Цԭأ֪¶ʲô顣
˸ΪЩ˷ȥˣת˻⣬

벻⼸귢չĲȻ׼Aм죬ȥҰһЩĵط
˵дʣǿӲ̬ȣȫ˷ܾĻᡣ

˵Ĺ˷ֻѹڶЦŻӦǡ
˵Ļ˵ˣ˸ƨɾ׼뿪

˷Ź˸ȥıӰǴ˶ߣ˲ҧһڡ
Ҽ̳˹ϼţڶʰ㡣

˕FЧʺܿ죬ڶɹ˷絣չ˾ܲõϢ
ͬʱȥ̲ű˾ʣӹ˾
ʵֶӪӯԸ

ôôչ˾ֱ˹˷ϡ
Ժһͷǻթɹ˼졣
ûǻ顣

˷Ǳ߸߸ˣүֹۡ

ڹ˸뿪ĵڶϣүһû˯Ⱦ
񲻼ãɫ㲣ǵ߳˷š

ڴҪ¥һ˲䣬үǰͻȻڡ
ûзӦһŲȿգ˴¥ˤ
ѵһ˾޴

Ŀùүˤһ̣Ҷ˲ɵվš
Ȼûеʱ䣬ٶȳүߣżѯʣ
үүүү㻹ҵĻʹ

еҡ
үˤʱ򣬾ֻ¥ݵľ롣
ҹүˤʱƨŵأԴǱûˡ 

ֽ˕FԵøĳ侲
ϵıԭͨ˾Ȼĵ绰
Ȼ绰ʱ򣬲˫й¶ĵĻš

ҽԺǱһϵеļ飬ƬƬѪĳѪ
ķ˴ʱ䣬ĽǺõġ

ιүֻȽ׹ۣҪʯҽԺ
õĳҶ͹˕FеԤڡ  
εƽΪأܲסүʹˣʲС
˯дʱ˯ҲʼСʱǰ˵Ļˡ
˕F͹׳Ȼͬʱ򻹽д˕F֣гɹס

ǹү״˸һҲûճ粻԰ΣǲҽԺﻹйүλˡ
ǹ˷żȻΣÿ˵˼ػػˡ

ȻҶҲ˹үЩ֢״οŹүӣүүûµûµġҽ˵ˣ˲أͺˡ˵кñү϶İߡ

ү֪Լ
Լʱ򣬰Ҷ͹˕Fе˲ǰ

үүΰʣµʱ䲻ˡ
ҶҪ˵ʲôүסˡ
֪ԼѶãҪཻһЩ顣

үү֪Լ״ǲġ뱲ӣҶҲûʲôź
ǣүүǰĲˡ

ҶѾͷЩæǰæүү⺢ĲүүûпۣĶһҪ£үүˣͷҲ᲻˵ġ
FпҪİһŮӹôһҹ˾ס
˵A޹ʵġʱҪúƴúûҪԴ

㰢F˾ҪҲҪúϢүүҾʱ򣬰ӣΪԼ˲㿴ˣˣˤһ˾Ͳˡ
ǱߣԼŰˡϡͿ˴뱲ӣ˲ˣҲտˡ
й˷ǸӣԼͺˡʱʲôͺ

ҶܵԾˣЩһҶܲסˡ
ıӿҧ촽ǿزڹүǰ¡

үӴʱڸͷκģڼ˵š





67.  ʮ   

F, עݽϡǮ׬ġүү֪أֵһ˿Է㲻и
ǲǼӰൽ賿, ǹ˾뿪ġ
˾һ, ɲ׳Էġʵڲоͻһ

а, һһҪչ˺Ҷ, Aܵί
үүпġ

Ļүӷȥ˺ü, ǿ

պ⣬͸ҽԺĴսԵøá
䵽ү, °߲Ӱ

һƬ¾õģ

Ž, ү˾, Ƥ˯
˕Fŵطƽү, Ҷŵس, ѹүӰϢ

ͷԣһμžڲİϡ
Ҷܸܵү˵ĲԾ, ô˕FȻȻҲܡ

үµΪ, ô˵ǡ
󣬹˕Fһ仰 , үү ˾ˡ

ҹž
һյյˣһغڣֻ·ƻ˸ӨӨâ

ͻȻӵֻڰعլ
Ҷ˯н𣬡ι, λŶǹ˕FŶ

ٵԼ˵ʲôֻʶض

ֻظһ飺ҶС㣬ǹ˕FܾܾˣĲʡ£š鷳һ¡

Ŷˡˣ 
ʱҶʶȻθߣ˵˭ˣ˕F
õ˿϶𰸵Ҷæش·¥·ɱ

ڹ˕FϲϵĹլӶǲڵġ
ԣܸ˕F򿪴ŵˣֻҶһˡ

δˣζ
ҶһţûмˣһŨҴ̱ǵľƾζ
˕FǺ˶پơ

Ĺ˕FĲӡ
ʶģɫ죬űձգ֪˵ʲô
п˫۱ţֹ˕F廬䡣

Ҷֵһ̣νϲ
ҶϹһټޣҪ֧Ųס˕Fˡ

ǣæҶС㣬ˡһ¹ܾ

벻˕Fݣһ⡣Ҳ֪ϵĸʲôо
ҶӲļ⣬ʱ˵뵽

ƵĹ˕Fء
Ҷ˺һͨæϴקŰѹ˕Fõɳϡ
ƲĻˣҶԭؿŹ˕F

ʱƵĹ˕FʶģϲԱߵ˭
ܵظܵһ˵㣬ңǰȻŵõ廨һ

ħһݵػʹĴԡ
˕F΢ɿüͷ

ѾƲ費ҪķѺܶʱ䣬һѾƲͳˡ
ҶȻȻóλãʩչ 

Ҷôһ뿪ǹ𽥱䵭 
ʹ˕F֣߶ʮһ㣬Լק 

Ҷ˿̸ոֱ͵ܵһ
ûվȣصˤ˹˕Fϡ
˕F﷢һ˿ƺߡ
˵ƺߣԲ̾ǵõ㡣

СպÿҶ塣
˴۵Сۣεضӡ

֪뵽ʲôϽתߡ
ɴķ±ӣ˸뿪ˡĵذѿռøҶ͹˕F
뿪ٶ֮죬Ҷס

ƵĵƹŹ˕FҾ徵
Ƶǰͷңûƻ˧һ˿ǰ

ҶˣԺﲻɵظֳղŹ˕Fĺ
Ǹú
Ҷһ˲պ죬ɬصͷҵظ˕FѾƲ衣

˿̵Ĺ˕FʶصСʱǸʹͯꡣ
Ķ޵Ĵ

㻹ʲôİǸӡĸȥˣҲ˭ȥ
ʱװǰǴôŮ²ȥְڸһ˽ӣͷûֿɿ𡣡

ʲôҸ㣬Ҹ㣬ѵûǰȥһɫͷǱ˸ĵˣҸġΪ粻֪ǵ𣿡
ô˵ĺã¹˕F͸ģ˭Ҳ˭ǣǰ㲻һ˽ӣڹ˕FļҲ

ŭϵڹ˕FԴ
ʹؽгһҪӣ̥ͬĸƣֻž˰ȫС
أ϶˵Ż

лҶ˼
ͷ˕FĻϡǲҪܡ

ĸ֣Ҷһ¾뵽ү˵˕Fͯʱ򣬸ĸǳܡ

Ҷ˲
ȥ˼ӲµĹ˕F
˕Fں£ڷϵɫԽԽ־壬ԽԽ
һһ׾ŵˣνԼɳϣɳϻп϶ 

ܵ˕FҶĴŹ˕Fı
ź˯һһ߳ب˯

һ˫֣ס˹˕FĶ䣬ЩĿĻ
ƽںߡ
һ

ڶһ磬ʹ˕F
Ǽ⻹ԼԼŵһ㡣





68.  ʮ   

˕FԴ, ۾
ʲô

ɲдԣƺһƬΡ
Լһĸ첲
˕F̫ˣǲ顣

, ˕Fһ칫, ˻㱨깤
, ûʲô, ȽϹֵ顣
ѯдźе㲻˼

, Ժֳ︡˕FקҶĸ첲ԼĻ档
ϵɫ΢

û, ҶС, տܾһ
ն˵

, Ӧûзʲô
˕Fűת˻⣺׼ûС

, Ҷ͵Źүӡ
Źү˵, ŹүӸˡ
Լ

ˣϴιүӵĶ˕Fȥˡ
ԺҶԼ, ΪҲӦһ

ܾ, ܻҪһʱ䡣
˵顣
벻ǹЧʼߵ, Ҳ겻ɵʱ

ҶҾ㣬ʲôȱʱĹ˕F֪͵ʲô
ֱȦкɹյ͵ĻױƷ

˕F
ԭŮϣЩ

֪ʲôӵĻױƷã˴Ķ⻯ױƷ˾ĹȨ
˕F׼ЩȨҶ
һҶҪױƷ˾ΪҴ죬ʺʵĻױƷˡ׻յƵķֺ졣

ֻҹ˾ܲں⡣
תùȨĳڷ, ˲ٹ

ر֤ãƯ
˕F

ûаͳȥʹһجġ
үˡ

þ
үӵӹǰˡ
ļԶͣ1202꣬һ︴յĴ졣

һҵ۹ĵߣӴ䡣

ҹһеĹһƬڰ 
ڰ޳٣һһ˹үӵһưܵ˼䡣

үߵʱܰ꣬˯ƽˡ

ֵĻʿԾҽķθա
ϧˣΪûа취үӵ꣬Ӻڰ޳
үֹͣ˺ĵͼ轵һֱߡ

үȥϢ
ӵϢҶ͹˕FǴæҽԺ

ҹ·Ŀ£һ·϶ûʲô
ľ·ϼʹ

 Ҷŵؿų⣬˫ȭﰵһжǼٵģүүǺúõġ

ȻҽĻҶĳ롣
ܱǸϢүڽ1123Чȥˡڰ

λҶ㱣ΪԼû˯ѣһΣôأһүү˵ء
˵סȥˡ
һˣûˡ
Ҷ뼫ذʹУҽ̲סοҶС㣬ү˯ߵģߵĺܰ꣬ǻһ˿Ц˵ѾǺܺõİˡ

ҽοʱ̫ƽĵˣŹүӵʬˡ
Ҷʧ̬ĳȥҪүһ档

үүүү
žһء

ȫ̹˕Fû˵ĬĬǰҶ
ϤߣҶ˲ϱģԵڹ˕FĻﺿޡ

ʱǾ˵Сҵů

ҹսᱻɢ
ˡ
Ҫȥ

үȥϢɵʵ̫
ԶڹĹĸҲæعμӹүӵİᡣ

˵μӰᣬʵŹүŲķָ
ΪϱǶԹүĲƸš

Ӵô㻹֪عˡڵʱ򣬲ˣ㵽ʱˣ
˸Է̵
ĸһŨױĨģвˬҲ֪ǴĸҰ˵ı

ôˣûоТѲɰڵʱ㾡Тô˵֮ǰļһֱھưɣûдӵұòɡ
ĸʾػضȥ

˸߳ŭһǣֲ֪ܵĻܵڽΪ˰ֵǮ˽Ķļһ

Ź˸ĸҪ
˕Fһǳˣſڸʲôʦˡ

˸ܵҪȥȴĸӲס첲ߣͣ㣬ʦˡ

˸Ź˕FźĲ鲻Ըر͡

һ棬˷ҶӰǹĸάֲסԼɫ
סӣָˣʦô°ʲôʱֵèܲˡŮˣһ֪ʲôö֪ĻΪǰһš

ҶˣƢһӾˣڵĸءүүҰɳۡȰ㻹ȹܺԼ˵





69.  ʮ   ־

ĸֺ˵Ż, нǱģһҲҶ

˕Fŭ𣺡ˣλBҶҵǧүүǰϲ, ν, ҲΪүүŲ

ĸͫ, ָҶ², ŵؿҶ
㡭㣬㾹ȻǸͷˣ

⻰˵˻粻˵, Ҷɫš
ʲôȻ

ܿĸԱ񣬹˸õıƲס, Ҳôһ, 㿴ˡ벻, ˼ݸ߹ţɲͲɾˡ

˸˵⻰ʱ, ȫȻ, ԼǰҲҶ
²˵ŷ

ĸķŭҶתƵ˸ϡ
ƵؿŹ˸ǣΡҲ֪˭ϴC, ѹ˵Ӷ, ֵЦҵСһ䣬ʱ, ˭μء

˸͹ĸͲܴͬһطûãҪ
˕F  죬ʦԡ

һ˸͹ĸŷӦʲô
ƽñ˿ôõ֡
²Ĳ鲻Ըıͣһķƽ

λøԶԶ

ڰ, ʦҲܳʽүǰ
ȥ󣬽µйϼžҵĴӹ˕FͶ˾ĹȨ

ʦһ䣬ʹӱóһţƤ  ǹүǰĴбʱܡүӹˣתˡ

ôһ˷翴۾ˣƲͷҪע⵽۵׵ķ
үү̫ƫˣͬӣƾʲô˕FԵõô࣬ΪѪͳ

ţʦүӵµֽóһ֯ÿƶɽӵԮ֯ҶΪ֯ĸˡ

ҶʦӹпȻһűĿƬеķء
˹үӶԼΡ

ʦҶܺ󣬼˵ţ˽λmĶȼٴȺҶ
óһţƤӣݸҶҶС㣬ǹĹڶȼٴĲȨλڹ⣬Ҫһʱ䡣ĵȴ

Ҷ˫Ŀɴ΢ţû뵽үӻԼô࣬ԼȱǮ
æҡֱۣ̫ˣҲ¡

ĸҶô󣬰бӡ
ǶȼٴѣˣҪôӦ

ǹ˕F΢
ȼٴǱ鲼ȫ򣬴ССҵȼٴ塣
οүүеĴɶһķֺͿԸߴڡ

ǱҶںʦ֣Ҫ¡
Ĳ£ҲȱǮ

ҶСɣҲǹǰԸ϶ϣܹµġʦȰ
˕FҲʦȰҶ°ɡ㲻ǴӦүүˣүүĶһҪ¡ǲ£үүҲ᲻˵ġ

ư£Ҷӹݰ롣

ʱ򣬹үŲмֵߵĲѾˡ
ǹ˸͹ĸǲ֪۰Ͱ͵ʦ
˸͹ĸţȻүӸҶһôŲԼΪĶ/ϱôֵøࡣ

ΪŲ࣬ʦһ˵꣬λڽλDе׷ҵĶϱأĸ֣ʣ¶ǧֽɹɽ͹˷ƽּ̳С
ʦóпͷ֤ĸ˸͹ĸ

û뵽˵Ķ˵Ĭ׷׾ܾܡ

Ҷһ˻Էֵ÷ݣԼΪֻһǧֽ
˸ŲķַΪһʦóҾѣαƾʲôһ˿Էֵôࡣ

ĸΪֵ˷ӣҪǻֽˣǧ϶еġһǱȹ˸õĶ࣬ͦ⡣
ǷֵõŲȻҶһ˲࣬е㲻⡣
ĸһ԰ǻ˵Ǿǣʦȥóһ˭ͨˣ˵һŪǣǿɲԺŪġ

ʦ
ΪһʦΪ˼ҷʮʦְҵ±˻ˣһ޿̵顣

ɽŮʿءүӵԸǲκ۵ģҲΪүӹʮ
ʦ˵ߡ

˕FҲվ˵ˣˣǻҪʲôƽ飬үүүү塣й룬ƽﶼʲô
⻰ͲĹΣ޳ܼ˵ˡ

˸ͺһˣƿڴ˕F㳤ˣӲˡ˵İЩĽǱԵﰡҲǣ̳˹ϼŵǲһ׶

ǣ˕F⻰ʲô˼ǰ͵ѧϰѧû֡ײҳ㻹ˡ˭˭һʺһĸ㳤ġ
ĸҲһĲͬ
Ҫȥ˸ˣԼǼ˼

鷢չز˷һԿֿģһѻ
ְ֣ҲҪ硣Ͼүүȥǰ˭ҲûмǶֽţҲ֪

Ź˷̧ͷСؿһ۹˕FµزȻû˵Ļôã϶ᶯֽţ˿϶Ǹ磬Ǳˡ
ǵ͵̲跢ԡ
⻰˵ãһ˵ǻϽ͡

˸ƢһӾˣгŲƣߣ˵ˡ˳ǹ˕F˭Ұġ˹ϼŻ㣬ҪռǵĲƲ

ڹ˸͹ĸѹϼŷָ˕FͷʣµĲƲӦƽ֡

ĪһҶԭǵǮơ
п϶й˕Fֱʡ

ˡ
Ǯڹүӣܹģδ̫Ӧˡ

˸͹ĸڼײˡ
մźƷݳ޵
ƲƽˣǺĿǰģһһʹԼҡ

Ĺ˸͹ĸ
ǰ˺αƵף¶˵ۻĵһ档

ҶԸеʡ
Ƕ̶˼Сʱܲˡ
󣬹˕Fôͯʱڡ

ҶĿͶ˕FԽ

˕Fʱǰ־磺ڹҧˡ
ͻȻܵһĪϤߣ
˵ļƤ

ܵ˕FĲҶæתߡ

ԽԽ֣˳ɡ
ʦ˵ˣˡһƵǹүԸңҸǿġ

Ƶ˹үݵӡ
վڴǰ֦³Ҷ

˺һᣬүӿˡ
תӣỺ˵ù˸͹ĸܴĻʦȥŲ졣ûгϢĶӺͶϱĻŲ
ˣΪĸ׵ԣҴӦ鹻ˣ͵ҲˡǰڸǴ鷳ʳôһɡ

Ƶ꣬ĸȽŷ飬ûа취վס
ˤڵϣҪιȥ

үӵĻɶԹ˸͹ĸ˵һѡ
ôҲû뵽үӾȻôһ֡
һԼǰһˣʲôҲò
ⲻУԲС

ĸþȥקס˕FĿţɫذӣöӣԲĿܿԲԡҵǷŲǲǲջȥ

ʱĹĸûиʱİҪӹ˕Fõһ𰸡
Ź˕FϥֻΪǮơ

ͬĻй˸̬ȻǿӲӣҾԭ֮ǰΪĻͰѵǷŲ

˕FۿŹ˸͹ĸ
ûоĸΣͼõܡ
ΪǮԵĵϡ

һĸ֣ʦѷָǵŲԹүӵľȥ
뿪˸͹ĸ

һ־Ļ

žǹүӵİᡣ
˸͹ĸΪƲֵָĲ죬һ¾μӰᡣ
ʲôðˣΪ/ϱȻ󶼷ֲǮ

ⳡᣬȫ̶ɹ˕F֡
Ǽ켸ҹûкۡ

ŰĽҶҲҪҶ뿪AС

ҶǰŹ˕FԽ۵׵Ͼûȥ°ðĺ磬Ҳûȥʰ

Щ˕FæµҶҲڳôıʹ󣬻ܰ鰲ŵ㵽
̲סǰȥ˕F磬һҪעϢˡǸıǮүүϣæµ

ߵߣɢɢ
ֻʣ¹˕Fһ˹¶ǰլ

û˹үӣûҶլҲֻ࣬й¼š
˕Fشӵؽóһƿƣȵغţʲô缸겻ҲԼһȹġ

¹ӣҲɢ˹¼š
˕FֻܺӰ顣

أ鲽졣
˸ĸ˫˫ȥ󣬼ֽԵ
˶˵һ졣

˷չ˾ܲúæŴչ˾ġ

˕Fһ˽һ˳ӰԵĳš

ƽرŸҵıꡣ
ôƽԶAеǮܣܼࣩͲסӣһ

죬Aеķֹ˾ٰһ鱦չɹ
һɫǮܵЦˡ
ʲôʦôһ¡һĸá

รչܲӡ鱦ƶļԼһûAпԼչ
Զԣչǰ ֱףһ񡣺ϲķϣԺ鱦չԶһ㡣
ͬ¥ϣЩ鱦ƺôҵİŮ̫ÿ̫ÿˡ
ǳ尡鱦չǴģǸڰ˸ͼƬǸʯȻ꣬ͷҲǺܴ󣬵ҲʯǶһҲƷơ
죬ĺúÿȥȥˣֱ˲ռɵӣϾֻҪһ

ˣǽ׷ģǷ顣
ǻʱ߶ȷ磬ʲôҵ

ܿ죬ϸѰǳⳡչһͷβĳϮ
չlogoںţ⣬һ鱦ƽԹ⣬оͰǸΪϲơ

Ϊ˷ֹ֣ⳡչϮңֹ޶һëͲᱻ֡
գǱ۽𾦵Ƿˡ

һӵϣӿ롣ǻչϹ鱦ˣǾܵƭ

˵ô£Ϯ˻ɼٰ졣
˻˿ҲŲҪһڳϮչƷ֪ǲǳϮġ
¥ϵĽã㲻ûɡƾǳϮġܰǮһϮ
ȵȣǣҷʲô˾̱ǲǾǰʱǼҹ˾
ǡɲɣǼҹ˾ͦд𣬶кܶ඼ԭġΪʲôҪ㳭Ϯ顣
˳͡һϮչȻһٴƱҲܣƱǮҲҪ˿Ӧˡ

ֵķзûжϾը˹
#չϮ##ƳϮ#ȶѡ

⵵ص飬Ҷ֪
ʢ˵س嵽Aзֹ˾ֱɱܲð칫ҡ

һӦóֵ飬۵ܹ˾ 
ҶҲ̲סʧ̬ˡ

˭˭ģ
Ҷܲõϣӿ졣

±йʻˣˢˢؿǮܡ

¹ѻǮ⼸ѻյ˸š
ܲѹŵµԱ





70.  ʮ   㶨

չõֵĳ, е鱦ƣȫǮһ˸

Ǹܣȴһֶ, ıܿշֹ˾ܲõȨ 
ƶʱ, Ǯܳײܲ, ķ

µԱ
Ǯǰҹ, ԼĵطҪЩԱ޸ķ, ϰǰĥЩԱ಻ԡ
һİź, ǮҲܼͷ, һѵë
ճȺƲԱ, ԱĿеġŮħͷ

չôʧǮ̡

û뵽Ҵˢˢؿ, ţǿҸʲô, ֲֻһ˸𡣡

һչõ޿̣վ˳
ЩܵǮѹﲼѪ˿, ݴĸһ, ˳ֳήҵľ״̬һǳʱû˯һþ 

Ҷ, ǲ֪ЩǮĺ¡
һѣеʱķʮӡ
Ǯܵ飬ûȫ꣬ЩܵĿ̡

˱±ķյ̬ҲҪվָǮܡ
Щ, ܹǮָܵɡ
ȥҪ

Ǯ˵ָغϾ˵ʲô㣬ʲôҡзԸ塣ҪǷԸ飬ˣչˣǾƣҳΪðĸ̨ܸǱ˾Ǵһֺ̡

˺ˣǮҲ𼤶ļٲˣٵ治ˡ˵Щ֪ˡ˻ʲôҪ˵𣿡
ҶԲʱѾһ뷨

⻰һ䣬ָ⣬֧֧أһŶͷ㿴ҿ㣬û˵

Ҷܲõϣ˵Ķһ
ŵη飬Ǯ۵׵ı飬ʲôס
ǮܼȥAУھ˺һ档 

ҶҲǴҪΪЩԱҪЩԱΪѡ
˻ӣЩԱ뿪Ǯһܲð칫ҡ

ټİ칫ʣҶǮˣ·Ӫһַɵա

ҶжȫĻϵıʡ
Ǯܻڸղŵķŭһŭ⡣
һʱ䣬˭ûп˵  

ǮԽԽƾʲôСӾѹ˦Լͷϡ
ΪԼҶһʱ䣬Ҷľͻƫ

Ҷܣ㲻ֹ֪˾һжôѸ㡣۸ģҵĻˡһԱҹʹӣⳡչ󲿷ֶҪԳ
Ǯ˵˵˾ίˣԼЩĲף˻Ҫ۸

ҶǮеˣ䵭ؿǮܿĹž޲°Ȼʵ㲻Ǹ𣿵ԱҲĻ

Ǯܻ˵ŻԼĲף䲻Ҷ⡣
һʱ俨ˣ˵˵ϱ˵ıסɸɰͰ͵³ңңҲ֪

Ҷ˲ͱˣº͵ɫǮҸһλᣬʵ飬ҿǴᴦĳͷ
ҶֲɵӣǻǮܵһ֮ʡ

Ǯԭأ黹ǸҶȻ
ûʲôݣǰѸղŵĻظ˵һ顣

ҶɫǮܼȻ㲻Ը⽻Ҳǿ㲻ýƱ磬Ҳĳ󲿷ζϡһض˾һýɷõƵȥЩߵǸ

ǮܵȻͬ⣬ѿڶƾʲôֲġ
ѼӲǮܾҶûаѱһжƾҽ

ҶóһĴӡֽдIpַϸк˲ĿеԵķַ
УһŴӡֽڲͬķַʷ¼ָرϮվַ߶غϣлչðŵı༭¼

ǮܴҶӹֵֽصܣⲻܡÿηʹԺɾĸɸɾб༭¼ɾһɶǲָܻġ

ֹ˼ӣǮͻȻӦԣֽԡҵIpÿζǱģԲըҡ
˵һ仰ʱǮܵͻȻθߡ·ֻҪҶӦ£ϾͳȥҶơ

ҶµģӦˣǰû֤ݣȷը㡣ǰ룬֤ˡ
ţǮܳ˵Уó˲ӵµֻ
Ȼֻһ㣬ղǮ˵Ļȫ˳

ǮܱߵıԵʱҶͣ˲ţ๣ô֤ݻȥǸ

ǮܲԼʲôԼôΪ˹˾á
˵ֲǵùĴ⣬ǶǽбĴ¡
α֣áһҵһ㣬ݸĶĸһЩ

ǮȫǾǿ˿ûз֮⡣

Ҷһ̾
ϧˣϮ֮Զڹ˾鱦˾鱦ƹ˾֮
ǾɱӺɡ

ǽǮܵͬǲҶ˸ĳ⣺ЩܵƭĹ˿Բ

ȴʩν鱦ҵͷһλ
Ҷ֪ڹ˿ҵ޷ǮֲġҪڹ˿Ŀõҵ

Ҷ˼·£ѱûжã˾Ĺ΢
ȳεĴ󣬰չ˵ְ¡˵¹˱չƱĹڣ֧˿¹˱鱦ߣ鱦ԭʯ۴ȯṩʸ

ⷬ󷽵ľٶȺĿеĲ

⻹࣬ڻˡ鱦˾Ӧð߷λҪĹ˾ƷĿеĵλ
ֵñǶĴʱҲġ´βҪڷˣҾԭˡ
ǰɲǰɣôһ㲹򷢽лӰ˭ǾԵġ˰ôһ취ںŪ˭

¥ϣǸܾתɡϲʶǸ˵е֣鱾Ǹһ˵⡣ҪǱĹ˾ֻǵǸòҹ˾Ǹ⳥ز˺ò˾ҲһԱò
ǾǣѲҪǮȫ㣬㻹ҪҪ˾ˡǲ鱦˾ˣǾˡһԭʯۣǲɻԭʯ׬ȡǱȳƷ鱦ĵͺ֪ܶ࣬ʶ˵Щܾġ

Ҷ鱦˾ݳϮ粨ŵֵ󣬹˕FǱҲš

ܲãҶСǱߺ鷳
ڻ㱨깤ⲹһ䡣





71.  ʮһ   

˕Fְ񽻽ӽеĺ˳
ϾܶɶؾͿ, Թ˕FܲһְҲּɡ

ǣûз粨ûȷѪꡣ
绹ûзӦ, ϼѾ˸ˡ

˕Fһֹϼź, Լαӡ
ӷæĻ́ͷ, ѯʵǷʲô

ʵʱ, ɫ΢Щ֣, ƺҶС㴦ˡ
ڹ˕Fɻ£ֻݸ

ҳȻ鱦˾ĵǸ
ʱƽ, ӿ˴, ǻֵġ
ô, ôǸݵǸһ, 鱦˾һȶȡ

뿪˼˵Ҷ, سɳҲ˶һı졣

Ҳ˾Ӫ˾ˡ
˕FֻȻ鴦Ĳˡ

˵һ, Ϊͽ, ϾƶҶһƬá  
˕Fһתȥɨβ, ѿغۣҪʲô۵㡣

ͷӦ£عܲð칫ҵĴš
ǰȥķ¶ɫ

ǳԵʲôϣܲ, Ҹһܡ

ȤżŰһըԵϢ
Ŷ˵˵ƽȫ档

Ҿܲöˣϲˡɫ͸¶Եζ  
˭֪ϢͷҲص뿪ˣģ㻹粻ҡ

ææİҸ㽲ϴܲòǺȥʱҾͷܲöҶС㲻һ㡣
ôţȥ㱨ʱ˳һҶС㣬鶼ĲˣܲûԸȥæⲻϲʲôʲôʱܲôˡ

бƳһۣǲָͬܲðҶС㵱ãɱ䡣
¾ͼˣʲô䣬ⲻżܲϾʮˣŮ˶ûСҾҶСͲɲŮò䰡

üëһļ򣬡Ͷ͡



Ķܿ죬ϻ˲սԣرһЩжӡ

Ҷڹ˾ĿڱҲø
˹˾󣬷ø˼סˡ

ⲻϴǸʦڵĹ˾ҾòҼˣ´鱦Ƶġ
ͷô飬ûаǳҹ˾ĺϣҿҹ˾ĵ´Ҳ׼ҹ˾Ƶġ
¥ϵ¥ϵģһҹ˾Ƶ鱦ƽۿĲֻҪµĹʾͿˣһʡԼá
ȵȣµĹû˵ɣҿ˰ɡ
ѽ¡һµĹǧͷ㡣ҹ˾ƿֻҪһǧԪһ޺ÿɲµĹʡŮӻҪԼһ㡣

ܶ˿Ķˣ鱦Ů
ǣͨⳡϮ¼ҶĹ˾ӪҵҪһЩ

ȻǮͲˣ˵ǽơ
ĵ̨ܵȺ˵

鱦˾Աָ˵ǰǰ̨СǮܵԶݣɻˮ㡣ӦĹµҪһԱǰ̨Сȥɵ㡣
һ󣬵ҶܲǸˡ

ǣ㻹Ҫǰ̨СøΪǮܵе
ǮܵҲûٰܵ

Ȼǰ鱦˾ԱվǮܻһְԱʱóϮֶΣںϴʦĴ⣬ɹְ
žǵԽԽվָǮЩĺ¡
߹˾Աƣҥڮپֵ׵ȵȡ 

ôʱһְϲ֪մ˶ۻ¡
ǮܵԽԽڵ˺ܹ˾ܣıȡԼ档

ºˣѷ׷ָǮܡ
벻չϮ¼ȻǵһΡ

˵ЩѾϱըԵţЩŭѻǵ˸ӱըšǮѧ١

Ϣûгãһȶȣѡ

ʵǳҲɺϡ
ϴȥμչкܶߣǴ鱦һġǶԺķչҲע

и߾ǱҵXXѧǮܱҵѧУһ
ڿչϲǮƵһЩ׼ȥҶڵĹ˾ʵϰ

һӱôϣܵ˺Ǯڴѧʱھûһϡ
һ鲻ҪֱӲ˸ܡ

ѧУ¼ţȥǮܵ֡
üһôһ˽֣ǳȴǮӡ
߱ӣ൹еƫM˵ǻˣǻѪġ

һʼΪʱˣ˵ĳҲᷢ仯Ҳûзϡ
ȥ

ѧУдţǮŮʿʮǰ⳵Ч 
ȿʱŻˡ
ǻˣ

ͷͱ񶨣ôأֱǿЦ
ŵƬ˼һƵֺͷԺγɡ
ǮѣûѧУϹѧ

뷨һͣ¡
߷ңͼҳ֤֤Լ뷨

Խңյ֤Խ࣬ͷԽȷ𰸡
ǮܹȻǶˡ

ûһض#ѧ#ѡ

ϢıǮҲһֲ
Ҷ˺вʣţƾʲôҪңûʲô
ǮҪҶһ

ǮڼҵĶȫңһҵǽ壬ƽЩ
׼ԼļһǸý˸״ҪԼ
Ǯֻܴ󣬷س˳ǧϰϢ

ǰɲǰɣô˵ǮܾһͷβƭӣȻҲǳġ
ֲôԭͿʼˡ
񲻶ˣһ˵ֻţѲҹͲ
ԣôôٷˣѧҲ̫ˡ
¥ϵĽãûа취ǼҴѧϵͳֻԱУѧţУǵǲϵġȻ˾Ҳôꡣ
ǾǣѧƵĶ֪ѧУȫ򶥼ģһ˺ѿϵġȥ֪

ѧ٣˺Ǯ߲ܵ
ڵϴޣһر˰ǿչ¶ڴڹ
Ҷġ鷢չﶼĴ





72.  ʮ   

Ų´Ьġ
ԼѾҳ, ô 
ǮܲҰ׵ɫںֻĻӳ£Եøɭֲǳ˵ħ˵

ιСǮмҪͽס
ͨ˵绰, ǵЦζ

λý, ʱڹ˷İ칫, 㱨ϵȵš

ɲ, 㱨ţǮܵĵ绰ʹˡ
ڹ˷, ͨ˵绰Ŷ˵ʲô顣

Ǯ˵, ˮ֮ץסһ, ƴҪץס
Ǯܽʾ֭Ż, ˵ĵģ

, ǹ¹ķ, һҪҡҡң϶ң, Ҹô, Ҷҳţ˿϶ҡ
Щ˾Ǽʹ, ˵ʲôšûУϵЩ鲻ģѧҿȥģ˵ʲôð졣
˵ûйҲпͰɣǰʱĺҿҲǳһĹͣ, ζҪңҶǸ.Ů˳ܵĿࡣһԲϾʹңǰҸ˾ϴ׵ĳ..ӾӦøµ

󼸾仰ǸĻܵǮǿҵķߺޡ

ǻԼ𡣳ˣ㻹ʲôüֵǸЦ
Ǯܡ
׼ܾǮܵʱ˷ˡ

һ  
ͲԽԽãǿù˕F͹˷ûͻҶ޹ǹ⵽˹˷

ðԽԽãҵҶûа취ܡ
ҪҶܻܵڻᾫ˷˷ܵĹâ򼤶¶õ̬

ԻͷӦ£Ǯܵ۾ˢľæӦ£úãлʲôҪҵĵط㾡ܷԸ

ҲûиǮֱܿ˵˵׼

ɷǮǣֻҪҶۣΡ
뵽ûӦ¡

Ҷ˵绰ǮηһЦɫԸ
ҶŰɡùӳԵġҲ̶ζ



Ǯܵ뿪Aзֹ˾氵͵֣һҲû¶û鷢
ڲܵŮħͷѹˣҸܵλÿճ˰Ҳ֪˭ְܹ

Aзֹ˾˳ҶҪڹ˾һʱ䣬ɨβҶǰˢҶȥˣһֱȵ컹ѡ
һʱ䣬Ҷܲð칫ҵżͷƨִŲʺƨҶе㲻˼ˡ

˵Щ޴ſŵĳɷ֣Ҳĵĳɷ֡
ʵǵ˵Aзֹ˾˶ҶӡҲǺüˣΪż

òϳˣϵؾʹǮܵ飬һ֮˹˾󣬻ù˾۶ˡ
ֲ˼ᣬܹ˾ܲá

׾Թ϶ʱ䵽˰
βߣ໹δʱ¶һ
ҶһжǻȻһµģ 
ԹүӵıʹҲʱнȥ

ŹүǰУҲ֪˕Fһôˡ
ʱҶֵĵһ󣬾Ȼǹ˕FƵĴӡ
ͷʵǹŽɫ磬̤ǰլ·

һβľɫ糣һһľǰ
լſڵıغҶк

ƿصĴţլӶ˾ϲΧȥ͸¶ϲãҶС㣬ˡ

˕F磬ôʱûп
ҶΣûп

ʼʱӶ¶ɫ˵֧֧ᣬܹ˾ﻹ飬һһͻ

ֻҶүǰҲӶǣȰŵ˕FҪҹİȥ
ûɹүӵУЩӶͷΪš

үˣ˸ǣҵˡ
˕Fۿɼٶȱ䵭ȫķԼ

ָǰæµűǰæµ
˕FԼӰӵӣԼǸˣҲҪϢģͿſ

һü죬Ŀеļ١
ҶɵŭͷǲҪˣ浱Լǽڲ
үүĶ𣬵ǴӦúõģڸʲô

ŭеҶϵб׼ú˵˵˕F磬ʲôʱҪº̸

ϢǺܿͻظţһġԼ߰˵㡣

ǽװŽ˿ʱӣʱָ㡣
绹磬翴һӡ
Ҷ˵ӻʱ䡣

ȹ˕F¹⣬ʱҶȴȻ˯
ӻϻڲŹѪĵഺż磻ϵƬţذڷһԣԭżӵڵϡ

˕Fεؿţߵ̺Ӹϡ

սʱҶ΢ͷɢɳϣ˯˵˯˵ҶӤа촽һĨɫŵļɫʡ
˕FȻڲ֪пˣʲô

ȹ˕Fӷлҵظϣֽͬ˳
˕FظԼһȣƽ顣

ʱſȴֱе쳣ƣŻɵϢ۾ȴ
ټķֻԼžؿ
˕Fһ̨ʧȥ˯
ŨĿȵĴڹլҶǱζѡ

ڼˡ
Ҷ۾ѡ
ʶûгѣ˕FĿȱɷ˵ضߣﻹ߶ţ˕F磬Ҳ˵㡣ôӦүү˵˻úϧԼ壬ôŹ˼죬ˡ

ʱҶٲȻѹ˕F˸磬Լ壬ﲻɵ˻

˕FڻƵĵƹ䵭۵Ǹһһޱϲķ
η

תҶʱ۵׵ǲڻ¶ˮ·̻ζ

ҶЩڹ˕F߸Ŵ
˳ط˱ӣǣǲӦúȵġ
δעϲá

˿̣Ҷû뵽˕FӦ£΢ȡ
ǽϵʱָָ11㣬ȥ˯ˡ

ˣ˕F磬ʱ䲻ˣǸȥ˯ˡ´˵ð˵ͻˡ
˯ϮҶŹ˕Fĸ첲ߡ

˿̵Ĺ˕FһһӦҶĻԹԵĸ

ǹɵȻһλڹ˕FǼ⣬ƽͷꡣ
ֵܹˣƬ̵Ĺ¼ҲѰ
˕FûʶǶôǰֵӣҶ߶ϲ

صڴϾرۣΪ˯ţ֪˯ˡ
һҹߡ

㣬ɫȻһƬף̫͸âء
˕Fշת





73.  ʮ   ϧ

Ŵ̫, ˕FеΥ
峿͸ɴů䣬˷, µһ쿪ʼˡ 

ѵһкþ, ˕Fһ鶼
õ, ˾Աܵˡ
ʲô, ܲƺܸˡ

Ҷ˕Fȥϰࡣ
յĹլ, ӶæԼ飬˵˶ûС
¼Ŷ塣

˕Fģ, , ƺһǿܰߡ
ô˰, Լչ˲áСƵġ
뵽Ҷһ̾Ϣ

Ǯʣµ̯Ҫһʱ, Ҷ׼ڹլ졣
Գʱ, úչһ¹˕F
Ҳ֪ԼߺܲܲҪ̣Լ塣

ݵغӶе֪˕FëҲһˡ
ǰүӻ, ˕F

Դӹүȥ, ҳһš
һͺҳԵ㣬ʱ򻹲, ȫȡ
ӣθҲܲס

Ҷ޷ӶĹ˕FԺϵ
Ƕʱ䣬˕Fɹɡ

εҡͷԸӶ׼ʳ׼緹ȥ
ǲúóԷҲһ顣

Ҷʳ, ϼ¥£Ȼǰ̨СˣŮʿ˭

񣬲ǹϼŵǰ̨ǱԼǸ˾ǰ̨̬ȺϺܶ࣬ǿԿǻ˾Ǹǰ̨
ҶջԼ˼˕Fܡ

⻰һǰ̨ٴҶһװ硣

ˬԼķ
Ҷ̻Ƶĳ䣬ʣûʲôƷƱ־档
һţп㣬г˫˶϶ȡ
˕FûйĴ磬һˡ
ʩȻ޶ˡ

ǰ̨Сö۹⣬Щ·˽ƶ
Ҷʣ²ļǧܲá

ԴӼŻܲúǰ̨Сжš
Ӻǧ⣬Աߡ

ҶĽ֣ǰ̨СýĻŷܺ⣬ŮʿǷԤԼеĻʾһԤԼ֤

Ҷû˵ʹӵͷҴҵĸ
ܹż˵ҶСˣõˡ

ӵҶҪϢٴУæ¥¸ϡ
һԵ⣬ҶС˶ѣбҪôԴ𣿡
һ䣬㲻

磬˕F˾õ飬ȻȻ͸ܵˡ
ԭԺһ뵽ҶȻҶСAС

ܲã὿޵ҶС㡣
ΪҲࡣ
Ŀϲĵ˿ĵˡ
ָԺϾܲ÷ˡ

ǺڽӵҶϢͷɱ
ǧҪδܲ÷ˡ

Ҷ˳תͷѯʵˣ˕Fæ𣿡

ǰ̨Сÿǰĺܲߵкϵǳӣ˻˵Ц뿪
˶ˣŵϴ󣬴󵽲һͷ㣬
˭

ǰ̨Сþ꣬æСȺһר̸µСȺ
Ƶǰ̨ȥȥղĴˣȻܲõߵϵܺáѲܲõŮѡ

һʯǧˣһʱȺֵķз
ҪͺͷʲôʲôҿʲôܲõŮˣ
ӪҼšιι֣Ůѣǲ²ġҵҪʲôĴˡ
Ҫ°ࡿŮϵãΪܲõŮǷַӵ飬ָǼϾͻӭŮˡ
ÿ춼ڵǰɣǲˡҾܲóһעģŮѵӡ
ҪôͲˡȵȣҾÿܾŮѡܲõ鲻ǺܺãǲŮ͸ˣ
۲΢ˡҾ˵Ķԣ϶ġˣ벻ܲûΪһ˵ĸġ

Ҷ֪£Īδܲ÷˵ͷΡ

Ҷźӣۼֿæù
ôصĺӣôδϰš

ææ֪Ҫܲرճʱ䡣
Ϊ˹˕F£ġ
ⲻҶǰˢøУͻ˕FҶر

ϧҶ飬ʵ˕F绹ǹҪ
Ҷ˵ԴǣһĲͬ

˵Ҷʳоͽȥ
ҶȥıӰսȭͷ
콫˹Ҳ˸ضԶ

ϼŶܲð칫ҷ˕Fһ䵭䡣
Ժڰ׻Ϊ˱ҪļҾߣûӵƷ
ģһϢҲûС

ҶŶ룬ˬʵҲ˕FĶ
˕F磬Ҳ㻹ûгԷɡҲûУó׼˫ʳһɡ

ò˵Ҷⷬ׼˹˕F
ǵ˕FʳеĻʳе˾ǰ漸һ
˕FŷžˣֱȺĲˣȻԵиˡ

Ҷ⻰һ˕FףӦҪ
ԼǿԵһ³ԣܲҶŶӰɡ

ΪլʮӶˣû
Ҷʳкһζɢȥĵ׵Ĳ档

һѳҶθ

ˬ۵ļķѡ
֮λðĽϣҶĿڸ֮

ǵ㡣
ʵ棬˻ͮͮ͵˲Уžʳָ󿪡
һȥˬŷʮˣ飬ʣ㣬ֿڸһ㡣

ҶųţҸ۾ȫ͸¶ĸܡ
̵տһȾƵĴ˷ݼҳζ

˕FһԿţҶôġ
вʣôó

ԭûθڵҲҶһ
ȶбʱ˕Fط֣һ׷ôͼˡ

˕FԱ㣬ҶҲͲŹ˕Fˡ
ʰŲ;߾׼ˣǰ˵һ飬˕F磬Ǿĸ׼Ŷ

Ҷôͳˣľȡ
ǰɣôˣһ

ģ֪ô˵˳
ҶһôͻȻ˲⡣
ǰҾ˕F緹ġҶ뵽ʲôһ䣬ˣ㲻Ҫù˕F̫Ŀȣ岻á
ӦûʲôûнҲ뿪

صλھղŵ顣
вУ˾ദộʲôʱܲ顣

֪ҶסڹլڲĹ˕Fδ¡
һϸӦùϵܲķ档

ɲ֮䣬ͻȻ뵽ʲôɫվ˷ܵ㵸
һͬ칫ҵƵƵĿ

¶ı飬ǿɵһ
ӳˣֵֹģȥҽ

ڶ죬Ҷһ緹ϼš
εȥʱҶصһ˵Ĳˮ





74.  ʮ   

յĲˮֻҶˡ

ҶС, ʵмæ
һΪѵվҶǰɫ֮ųɡ

ԥҶµ˼ֵĺ, , 㵹˵˵ʲô, ܰæĻ, ҿ϶ǻġ

õҶӦУƵؿ, ҶС㣬ʵҲǺѰ, е㼬֡ʵܲʮա

˵, ΢ͣ١
еشҶɫ, ׼Ҷ֪֪ܲЩжҡ
Ҷϱûб仯Ӧǲ֪

, ˵, صͻЩܲùжôңܲЩùĽ, ʵǿ
һ˳, ĸߣܰԼչ˺öǴ, 顣ôҪӣܲЩûжȹΡ
Ȼ٣վһ£ҽܲʮˣոӾм塣

ҶŵͷķŻض, ҶСͬˡ
˵ٶҶСģʲôز֮ĻһᰲŵģʱֻҪܲôӦĳؾͺˡ

ҪģֱɵĲֵһᣬҶȻӦˣ˕FȻģС¾Ͱϡ
Ȼʵ˕Fվǵʲô

æ˵󡣡

Ҷ¹ʱ䡣
Ǯ̯ܵʱ㹻ˣʱԺú˕Fա
ޣôҪӶûжȹΡ

Ҷͨ÷˾ͷֱˡ

˕FʮգҪ͡
ҶһʱҲ֪ʲôԼҺýöƣʱҲиı

˹׵ĸǵѡĿڻһ
ϾÿѡĿܴӿͿԽӶѵĻᡣ
һ⵵ĿͲȱȶȣȻҲͲȱ

ʽȱ⣬ĿҲµͶ̵λݿȱ֤ʽĳ㡣
ʱ˺ͣԹ⵵Ŀܻ

µǸĺӣ⵵Ŀǽһˮ
˳ϻеգ˵Ưڶʱڻ˲Ҳǲǡ
һָܴܾгų

ԡ˶ܾԴæѵ
һϵҲճ࣬һЩʱ䡣
ǣӵҶ̾͸Լˡ


һʱûпҶԵø⿪ġ

Ҷһֻ̳Ĵţ˶Ƶ˵
Ŷ˵һһ۾Ϳֱ۵龰
˸һЦ

ҶϾͼӽŲơƿҶȵȥˣʱûп㣬㿴æ˶һȦ

ôţ˵ǰʱæ˵㡣أҿ˵ҪȥBС
һĽ䣬е졣

˵˶ˣƣҲŲȥͦõġгԵģйңӹÿҿɲҪȥ߶ָҪȥ̫ˡ

ѡĿôĻ𱬣ԶBеĶ˽⡣
Ůµ˻ãЩĲ
Щͷ˹ˣҲûŹҵ

ǺҪжƻȥ˭֪Ʋϣ
ڵ绰䵭ľܾˣְ֣ˡһAĺúõģҾʱȥˡ

ŶŶܹƿˣҶҲûȰ˵ʲôõĺáʲôҶ֧֡ǾȲ˵Щúùһ䡣

ŹţһʿƷǰ
ǰһŵʿƷ¸߶˵У
ƷҶۣ۾ᡣ
ι˕Fʮø׼ʲô
ƲҶĲɣѯʣôˡ

Ҷһһʮȫ˶ƣµʵ˵Ҹ׼ʲô
˭֪ӭǶƵ٩ҿԼҳĿİɣҲһѡ﹤˶ѡˣǲǶԹ˕F˼

⻰Ҷææطϣ˵û˼
߽Ʒꡣ
ҲĴ𰸣ҶĽŲȥˡ

ʱʱٽʮ㣬Լǵ˷ʱƷ壬ҶˣĿ˶ûС

ĵҶͶƵӰȫΧȥһк֪λСҪʲô

Ҷ̬Ⱦˣ˿˵ǶԱ߿ڽߵλҪһʿʲô

Ǻʲôϵأһԣ̬º͵ʵû˸ܵð

ǸɣʱʲôҶع˵

ǵµһֱʽԼǿΪ
Ҷͷͬ⣬Ҷǵչʾֱĵط

һۣҶͱһֱˡ
ڵıǶʯڲǴֱʵǶ̱ʯ͵вֱıƤʣŵʡ
ҶĿУֱ͹˕FΪ䡣

ǵҶҪʱԥС㣬˼б֮

ҶҲ᲻ˣֻʹ˶ιǿ¿
¿ãģʽҲһǱǿ֮վǲһ㡣

Ҷ׼ź뿪ʱҵľҴҸϵ
ͷ󺹹˲ϲãææسҶС㣬ӭٱꡣĵǱҡ֪ҶСʲôҪġ

ŵɵվһԣŭŸʲôȥ˵кˡ

ⲻˣ̳Ҷ¡
ΪҶҿ̳ȫض漰ҶҲǵˡ

ӵϢ˵ϰŮˡ
٣ͼҴҵˣдܵĵط

ҶǶǿֱҲûʲô壬ǿһֱȴ֪֮ɲʹ
ȻǴӦģһֱѣ֮ҶĿģҲﳬֵ

ֱõֺҶڳϷȥͣǵ΢ЦͲȥ
ңҾ֪Ǻõġ

ŮģɵشȤҲ֪ǶֱõأǶҪ͵˿ء

ҶŶˣһĽͣϵɫׯྲƣүүҺúչ˹˕FҰɸ磬ûб뷨

ŶͶҪ˵ʲôæ⣬˺ˣȲ˵㲻˵⸽һζĲһҰ

ȻƵעߣ߶߶˵ţҸ˵ǼҲڸһ

Ĺˮһţʱ䵽˹˕Fյ졣





75.  ʮ   

, Ҷ˯̧ͷ⣬̫ȻڰС
ΰѼ, ǹ˕Fա

Ҷֻ, һͷϢ, ҶС, ܲþͿԼͻʱܲþʱԿϢ

ظȥ, İɡ

ٽ죬ͷ䳤ǵ, ɫ, ȫûаȥζ

æµһҶλ, ľɫ
ӳó͸˕Fֱ, ɫıڰ׳ƹҫ, Եøʡ
Ҳ֪˕F᲻ϲ

Ҷŵؿʱ仺ţ򿪺͹˕F¼
˼主СŮ˕F, ҷһҸζĲ͹, ҪǾͷ԰ɡϾϾҪȥˣ´Ҳ֪ʲôʱܳԵ

, ҶŵĿ¼֪һܲԼ˕FϾ㲻á 

¼һͷ˕FǱߵ˷ֵм䳡пʱϢ
ҶϢ˵Ȼת, ˼ů

Ǻ˕Fתͷѯܲܿճһʱ䡣
⻰һϾͷӦղӦҶСϢ͹
˵ܲýֻҪһ˿ͣ˿ͲǺҪ԰ϻ

ҶСȻףԼٷְٻᱻܾ
İǡ

ڼ䣬Ҷܲð칫ｹصȴϢɫؿ¼ڿյķȥڰϽӦĸϽӦѾ벻ĸõˡ
ȿ˕Fظ֣ͬһʯͷ



ܵ˕Fãһ׼˳أԱƷȫ׼á
ҶֻҪʾͺãȫҪġ
ҹĻٵø죬ûйһվͰ
ȹ˕FִʱҶһſڵȴ
ϴŽɫ·C³СƤ۾Ĵĵ
Ҷ˕FӰųЦݣӭȥ˕F磬ˡǿȥɡ

ؼ仹΢⣬˕FֻݵҶһˣ˫ڵü׵۾ҲȾЦ⣬ţǽȥɡ

£˸ڸϽѿռø˕FҶˡ 

ȻҶţܵ˲Ծ
õôԼǰμվۻ֣Լһ

Ƿۺɫĸǽϡõ廨洦ɼ
Ѿ£ڿһˣҶɻҲ˸𰸣ֻѹе󣬻װ޷

һٽڵλãԱߵĴȥ³ˮ·Եĵƹ任ɫʣһ

ţ߶
Ҷƺڲؿʱӣڵȴĳһʱ̡
ʱʱغ͹˕FϹӵʱ䡣

ָ˰˵㣬Ҷظһ
ʮǰ˕Fڴʱ˿̳˺ȴû˼ǵա

Ͷİʾ£ȫĵƹȫϨ䰵
˕FվʶקҶҪ

˕F磬ûµġ
ҶĿοУŵӰ߳ţȫ˼˕F質һԻиڰࡣ

ŵ⣬ҶЦ۾˕FŷӦԼʮգڴĿ´

˕FǸжһů
⻹꣬ҶӰó˕F׼˕F磬ףտ֡Ҹ׼ϣϲ

ҶĻû˵꣬˕FǰӵסҶ˵ллҺϲ
õľ֮ƺҪҶ

ٵʱ򣬹˕FĽؿűСգյĸ׼ܵõ˵ף
ʱһԶڹ⣬ǶôĸĹģֻܼһۡ
˕FˣÿһӵĵעŸĸİ

ʵٵ룬ǹ¼ŵһˡ

˕FǵͳٵҶըδҶĶӣɬصͷϲͺá

ⳡףҶڹ˕F˲ĥӡ
ǳ״˹˕FҶĵ׵Ľ黳뵽ԼС



Ǯµ̯ӽ꣬Ҷʰʰ׼صBС
ʱһֱæܺúÿճһʱ䡣

쿴ҶϢµæˡ

عҶܲð칫ҼһϤ
ȵǰȥô

ԣλտɫ۾ų˵Ĺâͷ㡣
¸˺һʱûм棬λԣɻҶߵ

ǰʱҶ˶
ڻصmҶνԺﾭḡֳҶ޶˵һֵʱ⡣

ϲ˲ȥ׷ⲻӡ
˶ɴദM£һεʱ׷ˡ

ҶȻΪ˶ԼкøУΪǷʲôҪ顣
Ҷɻ£˶¶˲˼ı飬ϴBУϲæܻбĺĵطкóԵĵط

ϴεĺҶ˶Ӱ첻СȻӦˣʲôĩпˣҺúôBС

ҶӦ˶Ըˡ
һɡ

BУ˶νб
˺ܶ䣬ڴѧһʱĻ˵ĺѣı

¾㱸ֻǷ硣

򵥺ѹ˶뿪
಻סϲãȲҪǸˣۣ˵ĺԵġͬĩȥˣ˵Ӧȥʲôط

˶ԭ뷨׼ֱӸס
λȰ˵ͻˣԺܶ᲻㡣
Ŵ˶뷨

ȥ԰
ã˲ڵػظ

˶Ħ°ͣ⵹ǲĵط

ĺ½Ӷ

ǰʱҶһҪҶҲǡ
Ǵ꼯ŷ飬Ϣʱ䡣

صУҶǰЦ绨Ҷüͷһ𣬡ڼúϢ㿴㶼ݳʲôˣȥ˶ֽƬˡ

ҶæµҶ
չ˹үӵʱ򣬿ҶһȥҶǸżæˣAзֹ˾Ǳֳˡ

˵ĹػħһɢҶһƣ
֪˸磬һúϢġҲǣȦðˣ˶˧ˡ

Ƽʱĩ
ĸ̫Ʋͷ·棬ɫġ
ĩ¶ȲǺܸߣżһ紵ǳȥĺӡ

ΪγţҶø硣
¥ʱĩӰҶλϳ緹

ҶӳҶӰһ˲˸ӡ
ͬŵĻҶ






76.  ʮ   ᣿

Ҷתͷȥ, ӳǹҶ
ƵĳԳӯӯһյϸ°һп㣬̤ഺεױ, ͹Գ˸ĳ

Ĵģ, ôͳš
Ҷɻ
Ҫ֪Ҷƽĩʱ, ǾԲġ

, ǣ
磬ҽԼ, ϻеٵҡ

ԼִҶǸ񾭡
ƽⷬ, оԲɡ
ǰ, ҶԼ²۹, ԼŮƭĸ˵Ǻͬѧȥ, ʵͱСȥԼᡣ
뵽Ҷ, ݲҶɡ

Ҷ˿ʱ䣬ؾͳˡ
ıӰҶҪѯʵĻ

ĵ, ȵ, ͸ˬ̫ů, Ҫ˯
Ҷȥ԰·ϣ߱·ߵľɫ

˶һڶ԰ſڵȴɫľԵý̻Ի͡
ҶӰʱ¶ɵɵЦݣɹЦҶ

Ҷ԰ҶϼŵͶʡ
Ҷ˶Աͨʡȥ˳ʱŶӵķա

һվ, ˶һ  ﻿ŻеĶ
˵Żʱҫζ

ֻ·һ޴֡мֻ̬ʳˣڰģԹԵڵϽʳɰ

ûĸ˿Ծܾʳ޵ҶҲ⡣
Ųһһϸʳޣؽ⼸ֻ
пֻʳޣӳҶڹעˡ

˵ϲĶʱҶ۾أڷŹ⣬֮ǰǸģ
ǵ˶Ŀתضţ˵ʲôȥ

ʳ޺ݹ԰ָ
Ҷˣ

ι÷¹ʱ˶˵ҶС㣬ôõĶϲЩ
Ҷ˼˵˼ιϣʳްë׵Ķɰϧ涨˽ֻܵ԰ˡ

һŻ⣬˶ʼ⽫ҶϣѯϲʲôϲʲôɫĶ

һ·ʱת˲͵磬Ҳóȥ緹ˡ
˶ ҶС㣬лһ磬ٷˡ 

˶ˣС²ҳݣɡ
ִִȥûи

ĩĵĶ԰ǵʱ֣ȥڵǶ·ϸɽ˺

Ҷ˵ʱûпǰиˡ
ļʻײһ£һȣ˲Ҫǰˡ

˶״ϡ
һǰϽסҶȵס

Ů͸ϴݹȥ
˶ֵܸܵϸ·һͿԽ۶ϡ
ͬʱһƮǼ⡣˵ʲôζǺš

˶һõʱ̣һᣬֻźؿҶ뿪ԼĻ

Ҷ·մȾϵĻҳ󷽵ллл㡣ղŶ㣬ȻҾҪˤڵˡ
˶ջԴ߰ͷСС¡

ԭǲһ飬ԼȾҥԽס

Ҷй˾ҪæĲҶ²֪Ұûƭˡ
ǣҶһڣȫ̶ҡ

űڴƬԼЦӯӯغһİ˵Ż
ҰСӣȻФҼӡ
Ҷ⼸Ƭصˤϣ˵ȥ飬е˭Ҫȫϡ

벶ȸں
Ҷ벻ԼεĳУҶĹע˹˷硣

һʱ٣˷ƿչ˾˾Ҳ졣
ֻֻһ˾ܲã˹ϼţҪȡƶȨ

˕F˱ȽѲ˷һʱûʲôѱҹ˕F붼бڣûа취
ԣ˷˶Σֱ׼Ҷ
ŲŮˣֻ档

Ҷĳег̺״˷һ˶ˡ
ŲͬĽǶȣĵŽǶƬ

˷⼸Ƭ¶˵΢Ц
ǿ¡



ζ԰Ҷ˶ľˡ

˶͸ҶһЩСҶ⡣
ǲڶ԰˵ϲʳޣһʳ޵׹ĺӻϲɫ

ʱȥĵطҶϲģȥԵĲҲϲġ
ģٻҶܵ˲Ծ

ϲƣֱֱ׵˵˶ʲô˼Ѳ׷ң

⻰˶һ˲伤ֹʶҪͷϡ
뵽Ǹ˵ȲҪӦ¡

˶ס˳嶯ȻһЦεͷҶС㣬ôءЩΪ𣿡
Ǻ֪յش֣ҶС㣬˸㡣MϲŮˣǻˡҲ֪ô׷󣬾Ҫæ
Щǻ˳˵ǸǸ񡣡

Ҷ꣬ˡ
ȫûбҪˡ

˶ɵ΢Ц̲סȰ˵˼䣬ԺɲĺᣬǸϲŮġ

Ҷһü˶һϻûв鵽Ҷ̲סˣϴι׵ҶٵӰ

ҶҶĸڼеϣòҶһðϿôһšһӲ̵ɱԼŮѣַ֮ײУš԰ãڽǰһҪǸʲôˣҪ֪֪ס

⻰ҶﾯϽ׷ʣǲϲʲô֣ʲôͣʲôҵģͥء 
Ҷ˵һѣ黧Ƶġ

ʦڵˣҶһʧЦְָ磬ˡǸǰʱ乫˾ḷ́ϲˣңֻҵıҺʲôϵûС

˵꣬ҶˣҶԾɲš
ЩܾǸӿԼӵв⡣
Ҷȥ˵Ļ⣬ż

ҶĴڣùҶҵĺС
ڹȥĿת˹˕F

үӵԣҶҲšԹ˕F

һҶҪȥĹ˕F
ʱտĻֻҶ͹˕Fˣո˹˕F

벻һ侲ƵĹ˕F¶ı顣
֣µ˵ģһúõȥġ
ӣǵ֪ʲôֵ顣

ղҶϲϱʿ˕FＫΪĲ
ֻûзϣΪڶõĹġ

õ˴𰸵Ҷ뿪һĹ˕F
ڻʶתȦȦԽԽļꡣ

˼ȥʵǷĲ¡Ľûг˕Fʹ˺Ҷ¼
ɾת˺üƪŮ⵽ֺšóһһҪһ֪֪˵ģǧҪİӡ





77.  ʮ   ʱ

Ϣ, ҶһεʧЦ͹ȥ˕F, ֪ġǸǰʱ乫˾ĺ, ϲˡ

ͬʱ, Ҳľ, ͣذѽ͹ȥ

˕Fֽҳд˶, ǿʯͷء
Ҷ˵ġ
ԼղŷȥĻϺɬˡ

˕Fղһϵе, Ҷ֪
ڵ֪һҪϢ

, ˵еʸ񣿡
Ҷż, ͸¶ġ

˶Ϊ׷Ҷأб
֪ҶĲμһԵı, Ʒ-ʶ鱦Ʊĳʸ

ⳡԵı˵鱦ʦı
»Ǹ, ܽ붥鱦˾
ھĸ࣬ԽΪһµ鱦Ѳչ

ô˵ĽѲĶ
ÿѡֿνǹ֮, ǧ򡣵ܹ, ëǣɼⳡʱѶ֮

Ȼ, ¶⡣

ⳡԵ³Mÿɼͷ鱦˾
ĸΪ˺⼸ҹ˾õĹͨÿ궼ҹ˾һ֤ܽ

Ȼҵܣ֪֮١ȥҲܵõһǰϢ

˶ڵĹ˾m, ģҲûʸα̡
ǿԴαļҼš

Ϊ˲ҶĺøУ˶ǰϱӾõ
ղ˶ҶǸżһʸ

⻰Ҷ⣬˶̲סеɫҶС㣬ǵġ

˶֮⣬Ҷɫɫ䵭
ΪҶţϾͽ͵ҶС㣬ģٷְġ㿴жһ޶ķαʶ

˶ҪȥȴҶľֹס졣

ֻżԭⲻػ˶˶㡣ҲҪ  
·һֵһƷ

Ҷ˶ˣҶС㣬ǳʸ񣬿Ա֤¡
żϡ

ҶһۣдųЦʸ񣿺ǺǣҪӮӮһмڸС

Ǹÿѧ鱦Ƶ˶֪ıȡĽΪ
ÿ껪вƵ˲μӣܽ޼
ˣһ˶ûС

ûл˻񽱣һֱҶеź
Ӵѧʱھ־μ񽱣ԭûвμӡ

ʱ;Ȼμӡ
ǲμӣӮƯӮù䡣

Ҷԥľܾ˶⡣Ҷȡ֣ԼһƬѪ
ϴ˷ŭΪʲôҶС㣬ѵá

⻰ҶһۣûбҪЩֶҿϣһƾҵıӮùھ

˶һ߬ż뿪ˣͷˮҶ
Ī

ûǮܵĵңҶ˾ת𽥺Ÿ˾ְҲпʱϰ

ϴ˵Ļǵ˶ʹ죬Ҷһüûп
Ҳãֶʱϰ

صҺҶеس嵽ƴϰмָ߿̵Ķ

ҶҶԶıӰε̾
޲ôȥһѵͬԼ

Ҷ֪ʶΪһͨǲμӵһ㡣
һʲֱ֪ǵģʽҶΪ޴Ѫһĸæµ

źò죬΢˵ҶӰԽˡ
ҶгϢʱȥҶȰ˵ãҪǻǲҪμˡ㿴ˣĻúϢ

磬ҲȰˣҪȥġ
Ҷ촽ﻰļᶨ

̧ͷǵǵԼҸ磬磬ⳡڹϵλ֮ߣ󻪹û˻񽱣ǿɱ̾
ϣƳMȥҲΪø֪һͳ֮Ǹܵ

ҶǰԼӣ۾Ǽɫһǰ
̾ˡ

Ҷ־ҶҲûж˵ʲôܼṩȻҪҪҼһʦ

ҶԭҪܾײҶеǾܾͻݺݵ˺һ
ˣҲһƬġ
˵ͷӦ¡

ʦϣҶһ뵽Ѱǹ˕F
Ȼм鱦˾Ĺɷݣ˵ʶһЩ߳鱦ơ





78.  ʮ   ܾ

˕FڽӵҶ, ıһ˲Ĳ죬У֪ˡ

л, ٰķþҳˡ
εİæ, ϴεȰ˵, ҶԸ  

˕Fص칫Һ, ˼ѧʱڵʦ㣬Ī

ȫѧݱҵMѧ, ʦ鱦ʦ塣УڼβμӱMıһ˽, ҾòΡ
, ۵ͷ, ҪһнʴĹ˾

ӵϵҶ⼫ˣϵϲòضزס, ʱŻһ¡



, ҳʲô
ʱ䣬Ҷڹ˾ﱻҶһͨ绰гƵؿŴƶľ
˾ɻһҪ

˵Ҹʦ, ڴȥ

⻰һ, Ҷ˲ƣҶĸ첲, ʦͣҵʲôѧУ
ҶһһϸµغҶ˵š

ʹ·ϣִ֮һҲ͹ݡ

͹ӳУĻž죬ֺġ

ĪṩĶλ, ͹׻Ҳ
Īһڴ˴İȺ

ҶŶ룬ֻһŮӡ
ü𣬵ﺬŴǹ޵΢Ц

ûйԣĬĬءŮӡ
ΪҪѡƧĵط

ĪҶϵЦ˼֣Ҷɣ˕F˵㡣

ԭʦͲ
һۣҶĪӡ

ҶҶֲֻ֧Щ
֪ĪٵͿ˼Ϊ˵
ڼнʣϰס֮

ĪɳܵĶˣȻҶҲȦˡģ򵥲һ£ûдﵽԤڵĻҿܡ

Ҷ򵥵ʾĪϲ¶Ҷ̾
СС;ⳡԵıаյġ

һ棬˶Ա˴˵ӡ󶼺ܺá

ĪԳҶԸ˵ҲҶҲ졣
˲ʦѡ
أҶҲĪ²һЩе¡

ҶæԼһ˶Ҷ׷ڼ
վǷŲҶǳһִ

ϴεĲ죬˶ʡ
ҶĴ˲١

ΪİݷãҲǵҶķ

ĳһ磬˶ᳵ·ܲð칫ҡ

˶Ĵ߲֮࣬඼ˡ
һ׷Լܲã鱦˾ڲˡ

鿴˶ȥܲð칫ҵķλϽ˶Ҷڲڰ칫ȾͷֱߵķС

ΪεĹԱҶרڹ˾￪һϰĳץʱϰ
ڰĪ뵽˹˾Źһһʱ䡣

Ҷ˶æ˼˶֮ǰǳڶԺ̵ذˡ

˶ųʳУûӰ˧ͻݵĸо

һšǿûУ֪ܲûûгԷʱùϲʲô
ĺšҾ˵Ķԣǹ˾ϾҪӭϲ£
ǰ̨һšǰɲǰɣǻ˵ڻ֪ɡλԼҶܺüأ϶飬λûвʱ򣬰
Ʋһšôcpǰ˾ǰʱḷ́ǰЩǿˡ

Ⱥ˵Ȼ죬ҶŴ£һֻϰϡ 
ſڵĪԾ߽Ϣ
ҶԾɵͷæ飬˭

ҶС㣬˶
ϤɤҶ̧ͷƮʳУ۾Σ˶ʲô𣿡

˶ȻؽʳаڷŵϣʳһһóҶûоܾĻᡣ
ﻹ˵ţһЩˣҪ㳢

˵꣬˶ʶʲôŲ䵽˵ǻŮӱȽϲԵʳҾͳҲ֪ڣһ¡

ҶæϰйһŻȥ緹˵Ҳͳ·ʳ
ί˵лл㰡ȷŰɣҰͼֽϰͳԡ

˵꣬ҶԼͼֽ˶ǰλΣֻһĳΡ
˶űձգһ仰Ҳû˵Ĭطʳ뿪ˡ

ôһʳаڷϣ벻עⶼѡ
Ī˵ԴдȤζ ӴļɶƷλġ

һˣҶ˵˵ǰ㣬ôһ飬ҵҪҪˡ
˶ƵĵãʵΪķˡ

Ҷüͷ¶ɫ˲С⡣
ʱֻĪһҶͷ㻹̫ᡣ˰׷ġ

⻰ˣ
ҶŵŴϴ˵ˣ㣬㡭ǲǸˣ˵ϲˡ

˵ϲģѵһϲָڿ㡣
Ȳ˵ģʳеİװ֪MΪϡ
Īָݾ׼ʳУһָƵӡ

Ҷһ֪Īȷģﻹе⣬㣬²ʲôᡣҾò̫񰡡

´Լ㣬˵ҪŮӵģһ֪̽

ûã˶ĩʱԼҶ˵Ǹ¿һвݡ  

в͹ݿҶ˾Զĵط׼·ȥ

ԽԽҲԽȡ
̶̼׵·̣Ҷһ㱡

˶˸ۼĿҶͷϸСĺ顣
ڵȥƿˮҶһ¡

˶һԼҶƲʵԣôˣ֪Ůӳʲôģ

ȷ˶һֲݸҶȪˮֽУƬҪһֻûУڼֻֻϡ
߰㣬ŨŨ顣

Ҷʲô׵һͿ㻹ܱʲô
ʱʤ

˶ȥˣԾͳˣǣҶҳĲԡ³ϲ㣬ܸһλᣬѡ

ȴҶĻؾ˶һˣ֮䲻ʡ

ܾش̫죬˶ɫٿıˣ
Ҳ֪ΪʲôϾͷˣҶС㣬ʲô˼һʲôطĲԡ

гʺͷŭ·֮ǰΪҶһҪܡ
棬˶һʱԽܣǰ컹Լʳ

ûʲô˼ҵȷϲ㣬ذɡ
Ҷ˶תҪˡ
֪˶̣ҲͲķôʱϡ





79.  ʮ   ׷

̬Լȫһ, ˶ŭ죬û뵽Ҷľܾ

ȥıӰ˶첽ǰ, һסҶĸ첲, ̬ȺǶ, Ҷ, ʲô˼Դҵ, 㲻֪Ϊ㸶˶١
дŨŨıԹ

˶֮ǰĸͨͨ׷ӵҶͷϡãΪ˻ݳʸ, ԼǷ˱˶顣
ȻΪ, ô, Ҷ֪϶жȻԼ
ҶҲȨܾЩпһԸ

ϵĴŪҶ, ſ, ϲǲϲûʲô˵ġ
ߺ޵˦첲 Ҫ˶

⻰һ˶ķŭ
Ҷǰ, ˫۾ֻзŭ, ˧Ҳŭһ𣬱Ŀ
, Ϊһ˿ô̵ʱôı仯ǽҿ˶Ϊ֪һ档

˶ܵҶӴϵȣȴֱҶѩ׵ļһϵĺۼ

ҶôҲûа취˦˶˲ʲôڣһҧ˶ĸ첲ϡ
ʱҶǴѪ, һе˺ҧµĸ첲ֱҧһСѪߡ

˶û뵽Ҷôݣȫû׼
ǿҵʹϯȫ˶ʹɿ֡

ʱӸʱ
ҶȾܣƽٶӵ̳ͣĳϡ

ɹڳҶĸо
ڴŴƽ˶һ񾭲

ѪζѪһһεĴ˶ĸ첲ð
ϵĿҶ.ӡ

˶̳ȥȻûҶӰ
ߺ޵ͨǸ˵ĵ绰 ׵ʣ㲻˵ܾˣҡ

ͷϵ˶ˣԼȥʸȥ

ŵ绰ͷûг˶ˣҸйԼеĲʲôϹ⡣ºˣ˼һڻؾˣҾͲӦ㡣
ֱԽ˵Խ֣޲еĹ˦绰ͷϡ

˶Խ˵ԽҲǣ˵ӵ޼ɵ
绰ͷ˶Ŀ̸˶ЩԼģ˵ġ
ƽͣ˶ϴС

˶Ҫ˵ЩʲôԷᣬֱӹҶ˵绰
źֻ˶ŭﵽߵ㣺úãһüˡ

˶һҲҪطȥֻ⵽衣
ͣľ͸ɻҪ̾뿪Żĵط  

ԭҪҶṩʱĿƣǶһ١

ɻʱ˶µأģһ
ȵ˲ˣһȫûڡ



Ҷڽܹĵ׼С
ȻǻһЩ벻鷢  

ֹһµʱ䣬ͻȻ͸ıˡ

ԭȰٷְίΪίѡһٸƷѽͶƱͶƱռܳɼ40%ܳɼǰʮ

ƷͶݲ䣬ԾɲͶݵķʽ

Ȼ˵ιĸı䣬˻רŽ˼߷н͡ɸĲʱԣûյϽ

㣬ʲô°һ¿ʼĹˡ
ҶŸڼ߻٩٩̸²ۡ

Īû̫⡣
ƾMʱμӵʮδͱĴʱı򣬶һû֪ͨͿɼһߡ

ĪһĵοҶ⵽һ£ѽв룬չMǱߵָڸ˵аġ

ˮڣһһ
Ҷص̾һ

û˶ŵӣҶ⼫ˡ
ǹ˕FǱȴˮȣĲɵģҶ
˵ҶBп϶ĺúõģһأһæûչ˺Լء

ȥ˕FԷBС

Ҷȵڹ˾￴˹˕F˕F磬ôˡ

ҶԼ뿪ʱ޶Ŷʺ򣬹˕Fǿŷıƽĵ˵˾BһЩĿ˳㡣

һԵˣ̲ס²ۣ˳㣬ǿ̫˳ˡ
˭ΪεĳУÿֻ˯4СʱճʱҶ

˕F磬һһЩҪææ꣬ҴȥBеزŶ
˕FҶȻǿģɨȴϵƣ롣

š
˕FλϣŵҶ

һȥܲð칫ֻҶ͹˕Fˡ
˸ԵͷæԼ飬繵תС

ʱھ׵ķΧš
ˣؼ

ʱҶûп˵üͷ壬Ƹ塣
Ѿγɣܾȱʲô

ͻȻԱһֻǽڷ֣覡޶ʯҪа档



һҶĻꡣ
Ȼһ˫ˣҶˣߵתߡ

ߴϵĻֽҶ˲úߣԾؿŹ˕F˕F磬㣬ѧ鱦ƣ
Ǵû˵үҲû

Ҷ˼ĿУ˕F˵ͷ

ҶԾĴ壬˕F磬Ҳ̫ˡ

˫۾ʢǹ⣬һ۱ԸܵŨҵĿޡ
˕FУ䲻ú˼ĺˡ

ôߣҶû˼Լ⡣
ڹ˕F䷳Ľ£ԼԼһЩ

˕Fĳ鱦˾Ȼ󲨣Ҷܵĸ첲뿪

ԭʵ̫˧ˣ˶Ҫ˧
۹߾һ׾ϣϸֱ˧ˡ

ǰ̨һšûпҶһλӸ첲¥ĺ˧˧һĺð䰡  
ĺšҲˣ˧Ȼû˵֮Ũĺ䡣
Ҳˡ뿪ʱλʿ֪˵ʲôҶܾȻЦˣЦø⿪ġúÿİ
۰˺š˵ǲǺܾû˾ˣҶܺûʲôϵˣ
ǰ̨šʲôܾãҲ죬ָ˼鵢ˡѪÿһվԭġ

Դϴι˕FҶǰ¶һ֣˕FпվҶ鱦˾
Ĵ࣬Īļʾʹˡ

ʦܣˡ
Īϸغ͹˕Fкֱ˵ǧذת

˹˕F䵭ػӦڿһİˣתߡ

ĪԵŹ˕FıӰ

һˡ
ظҶɽһһ飻ϸҶϲʳҶ˵ʱЦ
ưȫĺҶһˡ

֮µᣬǶô˰ĪĶˡ

һΰ˕FڵʱĪҶ˵л̸ڼ޵˕FǼˡʦڶڼڵ١ʱǻƺΪѵһšϧڶʱһȻ׷˿ɻҪϺܶ౶

Ҷ˳˵ȥ벻˕F絽ڻû

𣡡ĪͻȻθߡ

ҶУĪ˫ɬŤŤ󣬲˼Ŀ˵Һϲʦܡ

⻰Ҷһ˲ĿհףӲ˵

˵ʦϲʲôϲʲô
Īҵ˿۵Ķ¸߰˵ţûע⵽ҶĲԾ

ҶǰĪߵģ˵˕Fʱ﷢Ź⡣
ĪԼɩӣǲ

סĪ֣ģЩұ֤ԺʲôܼķΧҲ㡣˕FϴСˣҲиˡ

лл㡣
û뵽Ҷô࣬Īϲ⡣

˵ɾ͸ɡ





80.  ڰʮ   

Ҷ, ǲڹ˕F߹ʱͦõѽ

ǰһζ  ڹ߲Ҳˡ
Ĳ, ôͻȻ

, ֪֪˕Fϲʲô
, һ, ѲҶСҪܲ׼ʲô
Ҫش𣬵תһ, ʲôԼȥ˽ܴٽ֮ĸ顣

ǺΪͷ¶Ǹɫ, ҶС, , ҲǺϾ漰˵˽

õ𰸵Ҷ, ź
ð, ҪԼȥ

󣬹˕FǸܵҶʱʱƮԼԼתȥ
ĴƮ, ϲزס顣

, ⡣
˕Fĵ飬, ȥưɷһ£㿴æˣûʱϢ
˳ھưɷɵʱ򣬺úú̸̸

ʱѵһĥ˵飬ҶҲܾûг׵ķˡ
˕FԼȥưɣȻǿĵġ
˵ھư, Դӹ˕F׳

˸̥Ųͬ˼˹ưɡ

쵽ˣдӳ˯л
·ϵĳԽĶ࣬·ɢҲˡ
ֱС̯ߺ·̸֮Aзḻʵҹ

ưɵĴҲ˶죬ӵµ·ʱ˰ˡ

Ҷᳵ·ҵ˾ؿһҰᡣ
Ϊк˕F˕F磬顣

ҶĶǾưɾ֣ӳʮɫĵƹ⡣
ͷ裬ķˣͷѹ̫õ顣

ִʱĿģһһȡ
ģҲúȡ
˕FҲź˼¶ǣȴ⡣

˷ˣҶȴˡ
ƾǲߣܲסǸȾƵġ

¶ǣҶðǻ˵˕F磬ôͷ
˕FҶľƿˣںˡ

ȻҶʹù˕Fߣôܣҿǧġңһܺȡ

ԣٺˡ
Ҷ˵źڼ䣬˕Fɹ˾ƿ

˕F磬һҪȣ
Ҷڵ˕FĻ

ԣǲȡ

˕Fò׺ûйһҶ
ʼ˕FԼʱ࣬

˕F磬ĺѰҸоԼûаÿλǸоԼȱһ㣬ֲ֪Լȱʲô
˵˵ţҶӯۿǾǿĲ¡

Ҷļ˕Fǿġ
һ˴ڷſ﷦ζѵһһ顣

õҶô˕FĶҪˣˡ
ǰοҶúãЩҶ֪ˡ

ҶסˣŹ˕Fһ鷢йЩƣ
˕FʲôҲû˵Ҷı

ſţҶĿСƣŹ˕Fļ˯ˡ

ʱҶ糺죬գĳϹ飬СɵСɵͺལˮˡ
˕FؿһʹҪһǷ

ԽǿǼŵԽŨңӯűǻ
ͷ޷˵ͷ˕FһһĿ
ֱ黽ʶеаˣع

˕FҵƿҶһ˴Ҵææӵ棬ںʿƽǻ궯

ˣҶ۾
ڰΰѼ䣬л㱵ؿһ˳ú˕F

ĵʹ£Ҷߵߡ
֣ҵŹ˕Fߵţ˵Ҳ

ֻҶԽԽ֣Σյĵط
˕Fһ׽ס֣Ǵʲôæ˦

һ˲䣬ܵ½绨һļߵƲʡ
˕FҪϱɫʡ

ǰҶ¶ã¶֪
˕FԲλ࣬˲еͷŤתͷ

Ҷˣ˕FģС˧磬ʲôְ㿴ˣؼң㡣

˵껹˹˕FƤˮۣ

˕F˼ûлӦҶ
ҶҵûеشһǷϮ˵˯ˡ

峿̫ոһյɢ˰

Ҷӳ˯ѣŶͷԴط顣
ţֵصɴ۾˼ؿ˫֡

ԼȻ˹˕F磬ҪҵϷ
Ҷͷû˕F硣

˺һŽԼ飬ɫмֲڡ
ҶյԼԴ
ҶҶôõĻᣬȻûаסȾƽȾƣȾ¡

ص˾ٴο˕FӰҶԺ̲סԼھưɵĴ£ûеӭȥ

ȻӦĪܻҪɵġ
Ҷڹ˹˕Fżɽؽ˕F磬ϲʲôϴμûгԺܶӡ

ȻҶΪҪʣ˕Fϡ
ûʲôϲģܼסʳҶϲġ

ţҶԾˣô˵Լϲġ
ĵ̧ͷ˕Fɫһ棬ѹɻ

õϢҶסˣͣ˾뿪ˡ
ٴȥֺͷεҪٳһǱ

лл㡣
ĪõѶһĸмҶֲͣĵл

ûʲô
ܵĪôл⣬ҶҲемܲס

ת˻⣬㣬BһᣬǸĻᡣ

Ȧӵĸǣв£żʲա
ЩÿĥʲôаŴѵʱӻ
ᣬͷľٰ졣

ᰡǺáʦܻ᲻᲻ͬμӰѧУҺû˵ʦܲμӹʲô
˵꣬ĪϣĿҶϣҶ˕F

ôҵţҶ㣬ңҲһܳɡ
Ҳûеס

Īһţʱ۲˕Fˡ
Ҷ˵ʲô˕Fհ졣
Ҷܳɡ

ĪһĿҶͷӦˡ
˺͹˕F¼˕F磬иᣬȥμ𣿡

Դ󣬹˕FԵظܵҶضԼ
ƣôˡ

һӽԼ˕FȻӦ¡
ڳϯ޸УҶ룬Իһڻؾ

ӦԼҶǷ

˕Fʵ׼ʲôɫ·

ƺɫɡ
Ź˕FӶػӦԼ飬ҶǿķŻ˶

ϼ粣ȾѤõɫʱҲ°ʱ

ȥ̳
˕FڳԸҪԸҶ·

ãʲôҪġ
ĵŹ˕Fһ˿ĵ

ȿȣʺŮ·
ҶԼѡģ˕FֹסĿܡ

ᣬֹ
Ź˕Fһ֪ӣĬѵܣͦſμӵġ

˕FһĲ⣬

ܣ˵֪ⳡμӵвٳӢʵ϶һЩֺеˡҪҶСϿЩˣǿô찡  Щܱ֤ҶСĺҸ𣿡

˕FϵʹϾ
ΣУĵǾԲܳ档

ؿȥԺĽӱ
ⳡԼúöЩĵˣвֵĻᡣ

ʱһζ
Ϊʢ׳ᣬǰĸ͵Ĳһֱõر浽ڡ

ڲװν̻ԻͣǽϵŸĻ滭
֮𣬽ݻ͸Ϊһ塣

ⳡᣬҶϯˣûȫϯ

һװǸ롣
شСԹⳡᣬΪҪ

ûжã˕Fˡ
ٷڸڶ˵Ŀ⣬Ͼ˺䶯

üĿϵŦһ˿ؿ۵ߴסԸеĺᡣ
ϸȱװ˧ڳκһʿ

˕FûΧ˶ĴǻѰҶӰ

Ӣӣдŵӵǧǰ˧磬㻹ȱ𣿡

λǧƴϻŨصױݣǽճ毺õġ 
ε˵Ż˿

˕FϲĿڱǸˣɲϲ
ľ;ܾˣУԶ㡣

ܾˣλŮûвϻЦӯӯ顣  
ƤŹ˕FŻ˧磬˭˵һ

˕Fݵ̬ȸеᷳԶ㣬Ҫڸҡ
Ⱥд˴Լѡ·ˡ

Ҷ˕FϼӲǱͣҲûͣô

ϤɤĪ˷ܵĻعͷ
˵ԼˣϵЦݸĲãʦܣˡ

ͻȻһڵ˵ųЦ
ǰɣͳ

˵⻰˾֮ǰλŮӡ
ƶظһ뿴ˣܹù˕FܾԼ

ģֻСұˡ

ûеĪ˵ʲôŮʧƲƲ뿪ˡ
μ˷Ǹ󣬷źͻ
ϧúһӣ۾Ϲġ

һֱԼ뿪˕Fɫ࣬ǳһ
ĪϴԼѡ·ţô㣬أ

Ī׹˕Fһô£Ͱ˵Ż˵μⳡᰡ





81.  ڰʮһ   

Ȼ
Ī·, ˕FϷ꣬·ô㴩ţ

Īק½ǣɫ˲òҰס
С˵Ż, Ҷ͹, ˵ʦ׼ġ
ʲô, ·ǸҶ׼ġ

˕Fεظ, ƣҲ

˵̸ڼ, ִ滺Ϊ١
ܱߵĵƹⰵе, һῪʼźš

Ӱ, ｻ 
ԽԽǧ˕F߾£, ܼô˧ˣҪ͹˕Fһ

Խļ, ڴߴǸϽҵ顣

Ⱥӿ, ˕FΧˣΧܲ͸硣
߱ڵԶľ

ĪܾС, Ź˕F½, ı˕FԣŹ˕Fĸ첲

һӴ, ӿڶ
һǧ𲻾˕Fĺ󵨵֣Ҫ˕F衣

˕F׵ĳľܾˣŮˡ
˳Īĸ첲, е˼ԡ

˼ҶŮˣҲܺȥϾϾҪʼˡ
Щǧɢ֮Ⱥɫź뿪ˡ

Īϲ˕FŸˣʦܣǿ߰ɡҪʼˡ

˭֪˕FЩǧ뿪ϾͿ֣ʦ㣬˼ԭҵͻһһЩҪȥ
ǱǸɫ̬ϵĲ١

Ī㵵ţʦܣǡ׼뿪ˣ
ϵ΢Цϵ򶨡 

š
˕FӦ

ԭμӾΪҶҶ˲ڣҲû˲μӵıҪ
˷ʱ䡣

ĪŹ˕FȥıӰǰס½ǣʦܣܲʦһ֧衣
˰ζ

˕Füģ֪ĪҶõѣҪѻ˵
ͣʦ㣬Ժ˵ɡ´һڻ顣

˕FһҪҵҶô¡˵μӵ

Īϲ˕Fɵġ
˕FҶ֮޴Ĳܸܲ

ù˕F˵ĪԾɿ˹˕F½ǣĬĬؽ帧ƽĺۼĨһ
ɬ˵ţʦȥæɣֻܵԺˡ

֮ǰƭԼ˕FҶΪүӵԡ
ڿأǵԣԹ壬Ѿˡ

ĪŹ˕FͷҲ뿪롣
һ׹˱ӣ֫

һĪۿл䣬޼յİ



˕FҴææػص˾ͷһȦûҵ
ͷĲԽŨأͷһ㱡
òǳʲô顣  

˕Fͨ˵绰д
ŵ绰ͨе绰ͷȴû

˕FڰУ
ù󣬵绰ͷһι˭

ϤɤĲأ˯?
Ӧ˕FǣҶĺ

˕F㬵ҡҡͷ˰ˣʱҲˣú˯
绰ཱུرҶϣҶû⣬ԺﲻϵػطϿĳ

ϣ˕FûпҶҶȴ
εվγһķ羰ض
Ҷ

͹˕F֮Ųˣǿ۲쵽Ķ

ҶĪ㿿˕FĪĸ첲
ڻؿˣĪͨĶ䣬߶ļ
ýָͷ֪ˣʱ֮ضŨһɾ¡

ԼڴĻ棬Ҷȴ۵ܣܵҪ
ӾƱӹƱųƵһθ

ֱӣҶû˼ڿȥˣҲҪٴȥˡ
ԭ˕F᲻ֻǶԼһˣҲˡ

Ҷ뿪ˡ
Ǳ߹˕Fڱ˾ŵʱҶһϢ뿪ˡ
ʱһûоκˡ

¹ڴϣ壬ֱϵ·ƶɢϢ
ůƵĵƹҶϣ¼ŵӰӡ

Ҷʧڴϣ˵ϵѹ
ԺŹ˕F̨кĪ龰

˺Ŀԣ˫ԼֻĪ
ǿˣǲǻ佱һOŮò

ԽԽƣԽǷƾԽ룬ֹ

ͷ컹ûҲ˯УҶˡ
۾ʶ𽥻ǵһɶ

Ҷֻϵͨ¼Ժȴûκӡ
֣ôǵù˕Fûд





82.  ڰʮ   

, ӦòʲôҪ顣
ҶԼٵԴ

ڶϣҶϵͼֽ겻ᣬûȥ
Īڵλ, յ, Ӱ

ҶԺɵһλĻ
, ĪŹ˕F, ˶ȹһҹ

ⲻãⲻԡ
ҶƲסԼԴ, ֻƵͷ
ҧűʹʹʶ

ҶǱر۾, ҵ뿪
Ҫúþ

ƵĴһ, ɭֲ, ˹ˡ
ȻҶʱıܷ
סǿģظƷȥϢ

ǵѡĿɹ, ҹһ·һ
ǧǧڵע, µ˳ų˲ǡ
ȱкܶյԴ, ˶ƵĹҲǴӡ

ҶϢȥһ, ʱճ
ҼġʲôûѪԵϵ

˼主СŮ, ֮ǰһֱɸ簡
Ҽġʲôԥģϲϲ˵˕FûŮѣûе⡣

˼主СŮ˵ңҪҪù˕FӴӴҲǳڶԸĹġ
Ҽġһ仰˵ɡһǹ˕FűŮ˵, ҪŮ˳Ϊӡʲôо

˼主СŮ
ҼġⲻͺˣҪǰ˻Ҷ㻹ָо˵˕FҮǹϼŵܲãAУûһܺȵġ

Ҷص˼֮ڿڡ
ʺܵγѪļ٣ǿ궯

ڰȻʡ
ϲ˹˕F

ƵĻ㴰ֽҶ֪ʲôȥĪ

īƶԣԽǲҪԽ׷

һսǴҶ˾ήҵĪ
Ҷ켸ּ㣬磬Ϻð

пЩҪ㽲
ĪסҶæȥ塣

ȵĿڿ硣 
ҶĪԡ

ҶҡӣһȦһȦ  
Ҫ˵ ں֪˵ЩʲôҲͱա

Ҳ׼ȥ׷˕Fˡ
ĪƵ˵ţ˵껹еƷſȡ

һ
״Ҷﻬ䣬˲ٿȣԶ׼ľȡ  

ĪûԹ͸¶ֵɣôˣܾ𣿡

ͨˣҶڹ˕FһֶˣҲˡ˵鰮Ͳеȫ

ĪĻϿңŪ١

ĪļҾʲô󸻴˼ңв׼ǻǴﲻ
ȻҲMμôΪ׬ȡ䵱ѣḸĸѹ

ٵһۿ˹˕Fһһ¶Ÿ߹
ǳͬķԼ̻ʣ·Ʒʲôɽ亣ζ˵ĺÿ

ģģĪͶʦע˸Ĺע
ߵƲʣɼԼǵϵ࣬ڹ֮
ÿÿĪǲɵԱµڻвࡣ

˵ϲ˵ԼΪˡ
ڱģǽˡ

Ĺ˕FһƽĪڻ롣

ĪƽУҶץȹ
ɫԥ֪ôڡ

ʲôǰǰڡأһֻҪǮ
Ī𿧷ȣϸϸƷȥ˺ܶŵӰӡ

㣬ɣҹ˾ʦϯλá
ҶͦϲĪģе᲻뿪

ĪӦ£Ҷۿɼس̶ȿġ



ظʱԽԽҶ˼ȫƷϡ  
ĸ˵ܾȱ˵ʲô

ּ尾֮£Ҷչؼ죬Ըӽ޸ġ

ȥɣκ顣ڹ˾㲻õڡ
˕F꣬ԥľͬˡ

ӲʵüۼݣҶԸ
лĵطһźã֤û˿Դ㡣

Ҷɫӵס˕F޷ʱ顣

ڲһСʱھ˰ľƵꡣ
Ƶλھƣ羰ʤա
ʱϡ١

˾ƵĶ㣬ûҶκ˽ֹڡ
ҶִƵ궥ʱѾϲ²úãĵĿһҡ

޴ǰڷҶõĻߡ
̧ͷԿһغɻظƽеķꡣ

ܣҶ˵飬Ҫ㺾к鱦С
Ҷ鱦˸õĴ⡣

һ޴ľϲ

һƣҶ¶΢Ц
ˣ֮ǰȱֿҵĸ飬ͬľżûֻ꣬Ǽ򵥵ϡ

Ҷɫŵط䣬Ƹ巢͵˵
ȴίѡǰ100ƷͶƱ

һδƽһ

Ҷǰ䶨˸ӣMϱ˺ϡ

һ˷粻ģͣƬϵ˭
򲻸ˣҵˣҳɹߡ 

صm˶Ʋ֣һֱҶľܾġ
ҪҶʹ

Ҷгһļϣıһ޴İ
ˡ

һѡΥӵMѣ˲ 

ҹMֵ죬Ǹմ˯еǿʱ䡣

Ӵôıд˻ŮΪӮñʤֶΣ췽ˣҪּ˵Ĺϵ

ӵĺ渽ŮӺһ췽ȵƬ

ûƬǰʱҶ˶ȥʱ˷ġ
Ƭģ˶ģǽҶĳֱ׵չ˳

ȥɣŮӳҪŮ˸ҹ
ҽǲμΪȥ꿪ʼһֱ׼ܱˡ
¥ϵģҸ㻪˾ģΪʤԲֶΡȥﲻܹõĵط
̫ЦˣһΪжܹ췽ӣǰϳһŮӣˡҿǸˡ
˵Ҫҵ˲μӣǲμֻķˣںˣʲôħֶμˡ
˳Ҫһ˵ǲǾ˵һ 
ͬ˳ǿҪȡŮӵıʸ

鷢ٶ֮죬˷˶֮⡣
ûоʱ䣬ͽӶаһλҲˡ

ʱƣԽԽԡ
һЩἼֶεȥѲͼƬӵϢ

Ƭ˸߳ļģ˶ģЩҲǴϸ֦ĩУԭƬԭеģ
ͨͳƶԱȣããĴ鱦˺Уҵ˼Ƶˡ

ףǿôˣôӦǵڶţ˶ˡ
ҿİĺǸ͸ˡ
ȵǿ˶ָָǲǴŽָȻڿͼƬ˶ָҲŽָϧͼƬеܱϳָǲͬһʽ
Ҿþǣ췽Ӿ˶

鵽Զûн
˷Ǳû뵽ǻôͰǳ˶Ϣ

˷磬ô¡㲻˵Զܵ𣿡
˶ڵ绰ͷܿŭ

˶԰꣬һжҵƿ֮СϵˣһԤ
˷Ҳһ˶һһԴķ

˷绹еڶ׼˶һ룬ʲô

ȵȣʱ仹
˷ڵ绰ͷ˵ţʱס˶

Mֵ÷зģ˰ᵽ˻ϣָŮ˭顣





83.  ڰʮ   ת

ֵʱ, һֺմӵƽ
ӾMһϵսԴԽļң໪Ѫѹˡ

͸ҷŸɾ, ҪΪ, ǾͿ˵
Ǿ, ûбѡ㼼, ҪȥˣҪҽڡ
˴۽, ʲôһǾǡĸ˻û˵, ǾͿʼҿñ, Цˡ

ºˡ
MǱ߿Ҳŭ, ˣ˻ս
ֵԽĴ, ԽԽĳԹ·˲롣

ҶǱߵõϢ, һʱȥϷ
ƲƷԼɣûΥ顣

˵Ҷй˕FӢߣƷӴ쵽Ķ, һ, Ͳʲô⡣

ã˭, ȥ
һϾͿôߵϢҶķζҪըˡ

˶ Ҷҧ˵⻰
֪֪治֪ģ˭뵽˧°Żġ

ãġ׷Ź
ҶҶŭ֣صŵԡ

ҶҪҶǱ˶, ƱؽҶ͵

Լ˽˺зһƵ
ƵУMģⰻȻ˼ɾ

˶װЦݲãǱߵľ֡
ϣǸһɫ£˧ˡ

ƵĿͷ˶˵Ϊ֮ǰҶĺϵںദнϲں󣬲Զȥ׷

򲻸ˣҶԼ򶯣˳µ˾һˡ
һŸѪ챦ʯ˵Ķ

˵ʱʱ˶ʼЦݣҸģ
˵˵ţ˶ɫͱˣϵЦʧˣȡ뼫ʹ֮С

˵£˷ֵԭԼεķָɵ˺

ԭҶĴӦй⣬ͬⲻǿԼm鱦ĵλԼΪ壬鱦ߵλˡ
Ҿ֮ǰĺҲǻ㾡ϵĹƻԼԸ˾

ԼˣתתΪĶԤı

֪Щԭ˶Ϸ֣Լ˵ȥŻ˺ƽ֡

˵˶ıԽʹ֪࣬ҶˣŪԼĸˡ
˵úƽֺҶڲϵؾͨԵԼͬ飬֮ĸ顣

˶ĻдžȻҶְɡǲϲġ

Ƶʮӣ󲿷ʱУ˶ڽҶУ߽óͬ飬ƱΪ׷ĻÿһΪ˵ʵԡ

һǱѰ
ѵһһտʼҶ˵ĻҲҡˡ

Ҿ˵ŮĲʲôöô˵˰ɡ
ҿˣôŪһ˵ĸ顣
ӣȻŪ˶ĸ飬ǲ֪˶MӰɣŰɣŮӻ⵽еıӦ
ͬ¥ϵ˵ŮӾӦ⵽ӦƽŪˣеĻŮģͨͨµ
ЩŮ˵վʲôô˵

һĶ˶ˡ
ϲõĹ˷ļ򣬺˹ϵһ˷磬ܲǳɹˣչҶڹ˾Ĺɷݺҷһ롣

˶˵дŰĲ߻Թ˷Ϊ
˷һȭͷͷķŭһ߽Լ̬¶ֺõЦݣҪúлл˶ˡ

ҶǱҲʱʱ̹̿ע
Ǻ˶ƵϾͲȡǿӲֶΡ

Զ޷װ˯ˣҶҲûж˵ϻֱӷʦ

ǿӲ̬ȵǿסһЩ棬µҲ˼ֶ⡣
ǻ᲻˰˼Ҷ׼ʦˣҪǼٵģôᷢء
emmmҲ֪³ûˡ
ģʦ˵ʲô⡣ɱ˵öкϵҲϲʦ

MѻƶذϢͼҳҶĺϡ
ŰţЩѲԾˡ

ǿежʱһ鱦ʦ
õ𰸣ЩѲżڡ

ǿԽԽƳ鱦Ƭһء
ǶصķǴ󵨵ɫֱǺ֮ǰǸ鱦һģһ

ԽԽ˳ȥңһܴӡ

죬ƳôÿƬҪЩС͵С顣
ţǴ˵еĻ𣬺ÿеĶҪ
¥ϵģҵĸ㣬Щˡ
֮ǰ鱦ƹƵҳϲ벻֮ǰҵİϡ

û뵽ȻǴˮԼ˲Լˡ

ѵ̬Ȼ˲ٺ󣬽Ŀŷ١
Դ֮䲻յǿӲмֵ

ﻰСζ»Ҷ
˵װףε־ҶһϵҲûУ֤ҶĻԭġ

ǻڲѡз֣˶¹˾˲μӡ
˵һۣȡѡֵıʸ

ţʲô˼Ҳ˵Ҷ׵ģ
ǰɣ⻹ʶıôôˡ
Ǿǡⳡ˶ĹɣȻôȡµѡ֡

M鱦ʷϲûг֡
󲿷ûа취ȡ޼աҪڴбϵرĨڡ
ûĸĸԸ⻹һס

ͳȥ󣬸ĨĨͷϲڵĺ˫ֻֽһǰģ㿴𣿡

һֵˣǰϥֺá

˲ǣһһֿȥŹµۡ

ŵûгʲô׵ۣɫŻǧסúö飬ĺõĻ㡣ҪǳֲĻСĵĺҪԼӪ뱲

˳ϻ̳ϿֵӦ£ϲͣ˵ţģô֪ġ

սսջѹʮ񣬡ͺá
̬Ȳ̲˰ղסش⡣

ڸ˾ҪҪڲ伸ʱ뿪

ıӰʧԼһڣи̱ϣˡ

˵Ÿηʵ˭

ϵĺһ΢Цı飬׺ݣ̣עͶ

⻰һ죬ʲôͷǮǸߴǧ򰡡
ڴĿ£ȴҴʲôĵ顣ǵ´Ժдǡ

Ӧ¡

ڳ˴úϸȥƵ꣬ͨ绰  
Ըڵȴŵ绰ͷϹϾܲãǣѾˡ

ԭ˱ǹ˕Fߵ˴ǰMΪ˴Ҷ鷳

Ҫ˲֪ǼĪΪ
¹˷С˿

ŵ绰ͷ˵ܲãⳡй˷Ӱӡ

绰ͷĹ˕Fƣҹ˾û˯һþȰҵ֤ݷ˶ףʲôӦûжĻЩϡٸ˶ҵĹ˾ʩѹ



ǻҶһס
Ͼ˼ұ˶˵ˣϷ˶һԵݣΪľǽȥѡܹ

˶ŭɶıΪһ
Ź˷緢˺һͨƢ㲻˵ҶˡڿɵãˣվҶߡˣҪȡҹ˾ѡֵʸ񡣡
ҪʲôãҲˣ֮ǰҽǮ˸Ұɡ

һ仰˹˷ŭ⽩סεһЦ˶㲻Ҫż黹лתһк֡

һ˾ףһҹ˾ס

˷ΪԼչ˾󣬱Ȼս𣬱Ͼ֮ǰڹ׵Ĺµȷ
ҹ˾ʱһѵ̯ӣܹ˾İǰڵĻָͺķ˹˷ʱͽǮ

Ϊֲչ˾ʽת˷ȥ˲˽˲ƲϵܲúԽԽԭȵĻˡ
Ѿ׽ˡ

˶Ǯٻ

Ȼʱ˶ԸŹ˷Ļˣǣ˵õҳǮʣµ㸺Ҫ˳ʱ˳ھͲˣԼһҲС

©ƫҹꡣ

ִУ˶ֻˡ
źˢס
ͬʱ˶ĸ׵绰̸

˶˲Ϻ͹˷ִҴҵظϻؼҡ

һӭȫ˵ָ

˶׵һվָӣ㿴ɵĺ顣Ҫ㶪ˡ

Щһе֤ݱӡߵһɢűߡ

Ҳһһ𱸣Ǿǣ˶˵㣬ôˡܲеûЩ鱬Ը׵Ĺ˾ɶӰ𣿡 
˵˶׵ı˳

Сǲ£װ˲𣬷Ҫһ顣ºˣ˾ĹɼΪҪܵˡ
֪ĸðݼɶҲҪ˵˶䡣

˶ӽԺԭأ׺òȥĻðŸʲôϽǸŮǸ

Ǿǣ㲻ỹҪɡ㲻Ϊ𷣰ɡ˼Ȼ֤ܰݷ͵ȻҲܷϡ㻹Լȥ˵ǸҲ뷨
Ӧס

˶ǰһĻܵﶼ𱸵ɫ޲ȥӡ
ȭͷĲ鲻ԸطƵǸ

Ƶʵʵؽľβ߻ʵʩҲԼûкҶЩܵ˺Լġ  
ԼݺҶԸܳͷҪϡ

ƭӣԺҲȥҵĶˣĵˣҺڰ˵ˡ
Ůˮ𰡣ΪԼȻôĵ飬ɹһˡ
ȻǸ󲡣׷Ů͸ˮҪƻôְˡ

˶ҲΪ񸶳˸߰Ĵۡ





84.  ڰʮ   

˶ʧȥΪĹ˾̳ݡ

˶ֳ, ˾Ĺɼۼ»һʱ䡣
ףǹ˾ڲĹɶһ¾˶еĹɷݡ

û˹ɷݣЩն䳰ȷ, ȥ
˶ܲס, Զ߸߷, ӵY

ɼ, ѡ
˺ӵ˶ϵĻҲԸݳ޵
, ǮҲǹ˼ӡ

Ȼʧȥ˼ӵ˶, , ӻڡ

ҶMڳ˶, Y׾١
ҶںĲҵ̾˹

Ըֵ׵, ˶ְʱ, °ӡ
Ҷûϵ˶ԸǮƻӻһ, Ҳȥ򹤡

ûа취յ˶, ҪѽӼõĵ·
Щѣ׷ױл, ͵ǲʶ˶ˡ

ļյգϵ¶һʮȡ
·ϵϡ٣ԴæѰҳĵطûע⵽εһõˣ۾ǰ, Ŀ

ӵĶɾ˶ݵƤǵĳ̶ȣһɰĳζ˻Ⱦ˶񼲡
ڿУ֪˵УĴϡ

ڹ˷Ǳߣ˕Fͬĸֵܣûжٸ顣
Ȼزͨĵ绰Щ֤ݷ˷磬ʹ˿֣ͷһǲϵĻչ˾ҲûбҪӲдˡ

˷翴ֻİ˷ĶţһԼ˶顣
˲ɵȻŴвζȰԼ֡

˷Ű㿴һһ飬۾Ųסڿ
ĪѪҺڲ˷Ԩ

ȻҾ㳢ʹζ



ҶҲø

ⳡ־֮ǰMǱ߾ûм֪Ҳû˹עⳡ
ϵͶƱߣָڳذܱ

ⳡ־磬Ҷ֮ױȵȶȣԽԽȥעⳡȥעҶ

ڹ鱦ƱƷͶƱͨһҶͶ˵һλ  
ƱڶƱһûĽ˾

һں󣬹鱦ƱĹ˽ҶֹȻС

վıѡڳԸѡǷΪڶڵļѵ

ѵлᰲѡϤ鱦ƾĿЩĿȫ̱ܣһ϶ûС
ˣ滹רŵʦжƷ

ѵôãҪһʸ߰볡ѡ
Ȱһֵˡ

ҶǲȱǮҶȻȥμӡ

Ҷڵ֪ҶȥμMļѵĵǡ
߻ʵԶһҶʲôԼ߱޳Ī

ҶǰҶڼǧҪͷ߾衣
׺˶¼ҶмֲľԱĸо

ҶҪҶһͬǰμﻹһҪȻһ˾ˡ

磬ĺˡġ˵ȥμӼѵģֲȥɱ߰顣
Ҷ⼸üͷԽԽҶͣؿοҶ

ҶǣǱ߹˕FҲͬ
Bжʱ̫ˣʱûصAˣʼշĲҶ

ҹ紵ԴȡϡڵĿż⡣
Ҷ͹˕F¶̨ϣϥ̸

еϣǶα뷨пգԡ
˕FĿ׷ҶƺʱʱصͷӦ͡

գĵǻΪһ仰ǱߺúñԼ
һоڲС

ڶ졣

ҶǰĪǸϵ˻ 
ѾְҶڵ鱦˾ڵֻҵ

æĪͷɫ죬˵ţǱͺúñѾˡ

Ҷֹյ˵ͷţ֪ˡ
ӵ

ɻɵĹ㲥𣬶ų˿ͼƱ
Ҷ˵עĿ£ӻټת뿪˻

AеM12Сʱʱ䡣
Ӱ쵽ҹ

غ󣬲ͬAеĲãMʼӰ֮¡
¶ȸߴʮȣǸģ·ûа취ȫִ

̫ɽſڹһ磬쬵ġ
Ҷĸ첲ϼƤս·

ڳڲԶ˾һŴӣyeyao

Ҷ˵һۼؿҶ
ӼĸԵˣӿŲǰ

ǹ΢ЦҶҶСãǹ˕Fߵ£ͺáMκҪԺҽһᰲŵġ

˵꣬˸ơվĸ󺺣Ҷӹ

ͬʱĵ磬֪ǰûдףԸǸ㱸ϵġ

ŵ˾ǵع͵Ļˣ죬·ƽȵطɳۡ
ʱıҶľƣ滺֣۾˯ˡ

һ·ٵǰС
Ҷ˯Ѻ󣬳պõִ˶ȼٴ塣

ؼ谵йһ˿
·ߵĦ¥ɫʣۼ

ҶС㣬Ǿǹү͸һȼٴ塣ѾԸˣ  Ԣ߲㣬ڵס

MĶȼٴڵĴྶ̳ͥԢֳһӦȫִ
ѵǣҶѵĵطȼٴԱߣҶϢ

ҶĽŲ˶㡣

ͻأ˹Ԣĸ磬໪Ԫء
ߵĹʵľ죬滹Ե

Ŷ룬ִԼڹլԶ롣
װκԼڹլסķֺ

ҶΪʱıֵĺȦ͡
ݵضʹ˸𣬰ѿռҶ

ķԼĺ

Ҷ۲ŷ䡣ϴԡϴƷΪԼˡ
ͷһ͵ϲѬ㣬Ũҵζ

ͷȺЩᡣ
ֻܣ˕Fܵȫúˣ޾ϸ

ѵѵѵ˱пγ̡  
ҶĿγʱ䣬ĩ絽һ̲ͣȵǻѧʱ

μӵ˾Ǿ֣ϻٴαߡ
ҶΨһһŻףԼͬزĵͷ
ǲ˹ʺ˰ˡ

ϴĺ飬Ҳš
ˣʶطҶչֳĲŻ

ѵݴ󲿷Χ긴Ŀ
ЩĿ˵ǱܣǷݲҲǿõֵġ

μѵӪˣȻǲȱǮ
ڼл֪Ŀ

ҶЩ˸롣

֮ǰҶǲϲ֮ý󣬽ڶҶĿ佱ǳΪ˵Щ˶Ҷ

һȺŮ˹Ϊ׵ŮͷȾĺɫϻſŵױݣɫͲѷ⼸дϡ





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λŮվ, ĸ
̧°ͣñǿ׿˵̬ؽܵλմС, 鱦˾ҵġ

Ҷ, ̲ػӦ, , մС㡣ҽҶ

СӣҸմСھ, ֱԲ
ţ۾ɵϴ, ⳡӦ֪ô˰ɡ

Ҷǿ񾭲һȥ, ӿ˵Լǰ, һҲû

Ҷ뿪ıӰը˺ģ
մС, 㿴ŵģ, ûаϡ

մɫΧĵģ˲Ҫմ
Ҷ, ܺ, Ҽסˡ

μⳡѵˣȻǲȱǮ
ǲԸίԼ, ǱļѵӪϢ

żѵӪԱиȼٴ壬׷ǰ

˵ʲôˣ֪˭𣿻Ͻ

ҶصԢʱſھڴ󺰴С
սһҫ۵ĺ췢, ⲻǾǸղŻԼ

ǰ̨ɿɨǰ˵ĴŴ磬C³İϴH·
ȷǵﲻˣ˼ŮʿǲԵ޹ȥͻġŮʿҪ㿼һµڶ㣬ȫһµġ

մﲻܲˣִҪ㣬׺ݣҲܣҾҪķ䡣ʱڰСʱڸ㶨ȻĻҹ

вԣǰ̨¶ɫһʱ䲻֪˵ʲô
ڴʱһⲻմСôҲס

Ҷһô

˵ﻹܸʲô
ҶһЦؿ

㣿ס
ţմϵİת뿪
ŲҪסͬһط

ѲĿ뿪ǰ̨мؿҶҶܣڡ

úøɡ
Ҷûǰ̨Ȼݵִﶥ㡣

ԴҶ뿪󣬹˕FҶ
ÿ춼ڻ㱨ǿĻǷĲ¡

˕Fץʱ䴦ڵǿճʱ䡣

ƣҶصԢĶʱ·𿴵Ϥˡ
Ҷŵ۾ʣţǻǣӵ

ǹ˕F

Ҷ̾˷ܵسȥҪӵ
ԴûзӦѾˣӹ˕FĻͷһ˫۾ؿȥ˕F磬ôˡ

ϤˣҶĸˣ״Ρ

˕FµķֱӴļǡ
ɲ̾˿ˡ

˾еҵ˳㡣

ûˣֻԼҶ
˳Լ⣬ĬǣҶ߽ȥ

󣬹˕FȻɿҶ֣ɫȻ
ǵľٶ·Ҷˡ

ҶҧŴҲ滺

Ҫʲô

ڹĹ˕Fһ˫˫֡
ֻڹڴЩе裬⼸ΪҶʰ

Ҷپղŵ⣬ע˕F˵Ļתơ
һڣÿԶǸĿͣԵθҪˡ
ϧûлʳҶʵĽ

ǰߣǴŹǣѳɡ

˕FΧȹϤڳæµ
һڵˣĪغʡ

ҶڳæĹ˕FԺͻȻĳһʫ֮ڹ飬Ҽҡ
ԼͷЦ﷢һЦ

󣬵ǼžķԵø

ôˣ
ûʲôǾù˕FڼΪͻݡ
ҲҶܿ˕FЦ

˺ˣϴϴȥԷˡ
ͻݾͻݰɣܱȲϲúá

Ҷԭ͹˕Fûб̫Ǳǰʳĺݺݵؾ޵ˡ

ǰѩ׵͵Ľ£һ
һȥûʹʹ⣬˳
ؼ𣬷ŽδȻ㱾

һ˾Ҷθ
Ȳؽָڶ

Źһ£һҲˡ
һȥŴŹ۵ܱ֭ˮ
΢һ룬óԵ˼㡣

ѳҲһ
ļķ֭ˮݾǸ裬һθ

ҶĻ걻Щʳﹴߣ޲ܶ೤һθ
θЩʳرġ

ѵһĩҶҪڼ
ͣӵ֣˕F磬츽и֪ɲҲμӡ
Ȼԡ

˵ǽգһĿ񻶡
㳡ϣֱ߰ƷСĽûмڽĿķΧ

ҶǸؿ˕Fôͱˡ
˕FûзϣܺҶһãʲôʽ
²̯λǰƷ

գҶȵóһ
˕F磬ȥĵȥһЩ
˵꣬˾˶̡

˕F𣬾ûƷ
תͷ棬һͻ

ȵʧʱ˕FȴҶӰ
ҵæ档

˕FܣûҶӰѯʵԱʾûпˣ绰˽
һһ˼ͷԺҶˡ

˷ҶıѡЧʵ͵ıذ취
ڽյ̯λǰôشĽգҶûɲμӡ

ǣù˷綢ˡ
Ӷ˳Ҷ͹˕Fֿ֮ʣɺҩסҶĿڱǣѸٽŵű˴ϣ˳ȥ

ôץû
һɵͣӵĽֱߣһֱϻɵĵѯʵ

Ұ£ү㻹ץ
ԵҶ˴³קͷҰĴҶӣǲӡ

ҶŽ޵¶ڿУֻнֱ΢ĵƹ⣬ɵסҶĽۡ

үǰҶĲӣΣڿһ¶ɫûǸıꡣ
һʽ׾ʹɡ



ںڰӳ£߹հ˹գʶرܿأżǵķ򿪣һĲֿǰ
ƣǵһ

ɺҩҩԽȥҶӻ۾һȦһȦɴǰľ
ֽͬסãֻصط

M粻ʱʱƮСꡣ
ưܵܣһνһεĵ䣬䵽Ҷϣʪ鷢

شУҶļƤʡ

žžડ
ƵؽŲڿտĲֿŲӵġ

ҶͣشԭأװԼڻС

үôˣǸô˵
һ࣬Ŀ

˵ڶ˵ǰһ
Ǯˣ˵ĵĻ˵ǴãֻҪˡ
үֻϾ޶תˣ۵¶̰ɫ

˾Ǹү
ҶĬ롣

үұ֤Ůζˬȥһļһ˴뱲ӣûмڶƤҪõġˡ

˿еĻ绰ԽԽ࣬˵ҲԽԽΣ𽥿

Ҷ۾˫˫ڵϼѵҪҵƷ
һע⣬˲ҪˤڵأҶϽסΡ
ҧأйһ

үŮ˵һø£ʲôŮûм
ааɡ
˵˵ţͣˡ

Ҷһǻ궯
һֱߣϵ͹

ιѡ
һ˫ҴֲڵֽӴҶƤɲǣ˽һֱߡ

ǸôкҶǲ

үզ飬զûѡ
ִҶ϶һƬҶû

ûѾûѣ˯˱һζ
ү̣Ƥ̧һ£ĵ˵

ۡǺ˵ζ



ҶʧѾСʱ˕FĴﵽ˼ޣµЧ𣿡
ϣصûӣÿһ¾ˡ

ǰ˕Fû˶ҶĺƢ

ڿյͷһֱðϸСĺ飬ܲãµѾڸϽˣϾͻҵҶС㡣

仰ȥ˕F˺ܶ飬ϵľ/֣ƺڱʲô
ᵽɤۣɹ˕Fһʲô

һͨ绰ҵˣҵҶСˡ
˕Fϲȥ죬Ͻȥ

ԼϵߣƵĳٵظ
һҪúõġ

Ĺ

ԵϵؿһɻŶֳζζֱӡ
ҪŻĳ嶯žŸһ
ӼҶժ使ʱ汬˾޴
޴Ʒġ

ү׷ͣ½Ųؿܡ

үô죬ͷС
ӣϽӡ

Ϲأ
š

ǰźؿһҶϧּƷ˲ժ

׵壬ٵؽɨһ顣
ܲãûˣˡ

ӣǣȥ׷ϧҲҪҵ
˕Fдźݾ

ֿ߽⣬ĻԶĻҪӡ
ηĲֿƮɢŶζѹѹģ

һȵһˮһӵࡣ

ǰһ˕F廨Ҷ
˫˫űסףƽﾫĺǻŤתһڶͷϣ治״

˕F۵ǰҶǰ棬ǲֽ⿪
ڳʱҶֱϱճĺӡ

ˡ
Ҷ˵ڹ˕FĻ

ҪһԼ֮֡
뵽Ӿ̲ס

˕Fæϵķ£ʵʵסҶ
±£

ȵ۾Ҫˡ
ܾȻҶС㱧ڻûмܺĸŮйܽӴ
Ⱳġ

Ҷס˕F꣬ڵĻ
ֻϸͷ¶档

ûûˡ
˕FŲҶ

ү
һʱû˵ҶɤɳƣʱĺΪܡ

úã֪ˡ
˕Fһ߱׾ذҶһʹɫ

ڹ˕FİοУƣҶ۵ڹ˕F˯ˡ

Ҷ̵ĽëͶһƬӰɫ±ò԰ף˯ɽüë
˕Fϧͷӡһǡ

֮ͽѲ˹˕Fץ
һɭķϵ˳ץˡ

ܲã˱ץˣѾ˵Ļ˭
˭

˷硣

ȻװĵܵôϲڵĻչ˾ˣЩС˾Ͷչˡ
ҪĻȥǱߣظԸһ 

˕Fڵ绰˵Ƶᡣ



ҶجоѣеôҲûа취ү
ɫδֵؿǰ

ûй˕FӰҶŽ´Ѱ

˕FҶ˲߶ʮһȥ˕F磬ȥﰡҶûп㡣
дſǻ

ǣҵĴ
ʿϢҶıǼ⣬ѣͷԡ
㷲ס˺

Ҷڹ˕F촽ӡһǡ
һڹ˕Fϣûеڶˡ

ѵˮһǣҶҪӹ˕F뿪
˕Fۼֿ죬һסҶҪͷǡ


һհգش

Ҷ԰׵촽Ⱦ֬ɫ
˕F۾ȼһŻϵ¶ȸߵˡ
ͳŰףϲ㣬ŮѺòá

ҶɬصͷС΢Ź˕F˕F磬ôªĸ׵ġأأҿɲӦ
˵ǻزסϲá

ǣͻˡ
˕FҶͷ

Դ˕F׺ҶԽˡ
˵ʱ޲ýԼ˶˹˕Fϡ

Ǻ˕FԼϢƳһڣMúҶ

͸㡣
˕FһκаҶǰ

˕F磬úÿ
ڷһƳɺĻ״׺ųǧʯڵƹҫ£⡣

氲װ˶λ´λҿҵ㡣ԲҪ򲻵ѵ£Ҫժ
ҶϲЦݣ˕Fðƺֵõġ

Ҷ˷ݡ
ϸϸô¿϶ҪķѲʱ䡣

˕FСؽóҶĲϡ
һʱ侹ȻҲֱ治˭ס


ڵʱһζҶѵӪļѵҲβ
˭ҲûеЩʦҲαʽе⡣

ι鱦Ʊʮȶȡ
󵽣ÿ춼˲ϵԣϣ㿪ʼ
ϣֳܵۿƱ۶ν

ԣαĸǾḶֱ́
ڱĿѾǰʮıѡֵ

вꡣ
Ҷڱǰ⵽⡣

˵ʲôۡ
ŵŵ绰ͷģ˵Ļ

վĹ򣬽ҪھչʾԼƴ⺬鱦ʲô͵Ķԡ
չʾʽģǴ鱦T̨ķʽչ鱦
˭ֳܻίϲ˭ǹھ

ģأɱĸ˰ŵġ
Ϊ˸лҶΪײٻ⣬䵽ΨһһŮӣס
һ۾߱ģУ׸עĿ

绰ͷʣģ˵ŻζҶʵ۵ܣܳŲˡ

ԶҶԭתȦȦֱţմһ͵֡
ãҲԼ䲻䵱ھ

´ӽʱȥҸ油
Ҷһҧһţ׼Լϡ

ߵֱʽʼ
ֱλ㳡ݣʮյ۹ͨһ׼

죬ֱ˿湻ġ
˵бΪ㣬ڴڴ
ǸģǺÿ
Ҳ֪Щ鱦󲻹󰡣ҪǺÿĻҵҪ

ί棬Դ
Ż˳ģһһ
ѡǾƵ鱦ϣϣϡ

ʮɫ鱦ڵƹӳ£ԣʰ쵡

ÿÿǿǸָôôÿõ廨״ֱϹҵۡ
Ǹʹõ鱦ǺʯǴȻģĺúÿ
ȥǰģȺóԵҵظǱߡ

ֵҶƵƷʱͦأƸ߰ǰȥ 
һһ̤˵ļϡ

ȫ˿ǰģأһ˵Ŀ⡣

죬˭ֿģÿһŶȵҵļϡ
Ҷ죬ʦܵģأ
ȫңҶôôÿ

Ƶķչ

ɻƽڷɵķģĩ˾޴β̵ͬ
˵۾ǱǶҫ۵ĺ챦ʯ

ҶĲϻźĻ״лϣ˴ӺĻз衣

Ҷһǰ·˵ĳ𶯣ھ֮ﰿ衣

޵ױݣ߶ȱ͵ɫʣǿҵĵƹ̼£ǶôȻġ
Ƿ˻κı

Ҷ̨վµǰȺ۵ƣֱۿûл

ĻһƬѵĿҶĽŲƶ  

Ҷߺ󣬳ڳⱬҵĻˢһȿ١
ɱң̫ˣ˭Ҫʰ·硣
ҵı͵ˣû˻ǻνһ
찡ʲô·
ҲˣʲôôƳôÿĶһһ֣֮·Ļ  

ںۿմһԹ޵ؿĻǰҶ㣬
һקŸ֣㲻˵ˣõİ

ʹŤתӣϻҪСֺմմС㣬᲻Ǹģƭǣûи˵Ҷ㡣

մܻڹϢֳҶĶ⡣
ôˣҪǻҸҵĻǼҲùġ

ҶعȻͲĲͷ
ôôɣϾҪʼˣˡ

ڵӻǰۿⳡ鼫Ϊӡ
ҶûԼ£ҲܳɫɱԵΪҶеˡ

ֻ𣬳׿Ҷĵ绰һæ֮°Ҷϡ

Ҷģȥڶͨ绰
ֻڳȣ㣬С棬ιҶСʲô𡣡

ҺҲǹһ˵Ļʹ˭ҵǿԷһ  

ҶС㣬ڿʲôЦô˵Ļ
ײ˵ŻֶֻС
ŵ绰Ҳס顣

аɣҵǿףΪ֮
ҶԸ˶ǿ࣬Ҷ˵绰

ʱܿͽ

ǻѹ֮»Ĵ𰸡
ίǲᣬǸ鱦ȡ˲ĳɼҪȥֺЩǡ

һǽ֮Ļίе۽

ҾմƵĲȣѾյĲˡ
ڸҿЦǴֲڵƻܵϹھҶǮ
ûûգƾ˵ġ

һ֪ԹҵǾҶСƵĲ
ԶԣҲôãȻҿʲôƣɫֳ޵ġ
ͬͬ⣬ҾҪͶͶҶģմôһ֪

аɣаɣȻĻǾͶҶˡ

ίѡʱֱһֱѭŹ档
һ飬飬顭ǶŲͷˡ

ôǿǵ˺ܾˡ
Ǿǣ㰡ҶˣҶᱳˡ
¥ϵĵ㣬ҿǿ顣
飬ҿǿ߱顣

ǧʹίǳˡ

ڰίǵݺ󣬽ĵʱ
Ҫͷ˹Ū飬ٴһ߳ŷдŽ鱦ƱĹھG˾ܲù˴α

˵עĿ£˕F̨ŲκǵسֵĻϡ
ڵܲöô˧ıҪ˫۾Ҫ
G˾֪Ǹ˾𣬶̶ڣͳɹУһϷռذס
ȵȣ˲ǹ𣿹ϼŵܲãôͳG˾ܲˣѲҿˡ

Ҷ˵ĻΧˣֻй˕Fһˡ
ԭǽеҪҪæ

Ź˕FźɫԼϴźɫȹ¿
֪£ҶĶȾ֬ɫ

˕FǵͳŵɤααĹھҶҶҶС㹧ϲ㡣

Լ֣ҶȦ״̬λϡ
Աͬ£ŷӦ
ֱ̨ʱҶɵģԺǰ档

ÿɰûɡ㡣
ԶԣƵĺܺÿһ֪ĻҲúÿǸܵص
ȥ׼ˡ
һ˻ȫһҶҵĽҵż

ҶԺģ˕FЦһԽϵĽݹȥ
ϲ㣬

ҶӹͻȻȫĵƹⰵչĶ򿪣¶ͷͬڰһƬա

ô飬Ļô
ҵҲǣǲֱʲô¹ˡ
ȵȣǿ쿴̻ӡʲô֡
ǣҶܵŮ
¥ϣʲô˼Ҳʶ֡
ڸס

̻ܿͽ»ָ⡣

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