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3 
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߬߬Լë׵죬ԸŮڵ̿øЩ
ûдӾлع񣬹λˡ
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ڵϸ΢Ĺ仯ǶţȴȸոӭλҪЩ
Ȼʲô΢΢ĿϡȻšüġ


4 
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ͱվջ˵ů罫˵Ļ϶͵ߡ
ѡ㣬״빬ȥ㵱ûлҪ˵
أ
һֱΪ÷ԭһԸ𣿡
ֻҪһ仰·Լȥһ仰˵ôֵãƭƭңһȥɡ
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ʱʮǰԼӣһֱʮ꣬㡰վסˡȫҰ䰮˱úܺãҲ洿ɡοʱǶޢ֪꣬¡
ʱ䲻ɺҲˡ
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Сʱ򲡵ûٿޱӣЦ˵ԼԶޡ
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ôأ
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СϲΪǻẬЦЦÿΧů
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빬ǰһ죬۾˵ҡ
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գգۣջ˼ʰ䴽һӣȻȥϴ
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ȵ
﹬Ŵϡ
Ӧġ
֪һأˤˣûǸ;ˡ
ûϣͲʧ
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ա
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ʵỲΪ飬ѹ·ŭȥỲ⣺׺ʱг
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ʲôҩʵ۵۾Ļ
ͬѪǷۡỲһһ١
ʵһ£Σ¶ģƽҾ壬ǸõıĻ᣿
ỲⴽǼɼعһĨųЦޣӢ
źĹ˴˳нݡ
ƽʵۣһĸͬ

ỲԪʱǰƮϸѩ
Ҫɡˡ
ҲδҪͽߡ
·Ϲ˿Ỳ⣬ԴҴԶԶܿ򹧾
Ỳ棬ỲȻıӰЩãȻ
⹬̫࣬֡
һǷ˹̡
һǼͽա
ӡأ
֪
û֪
Ỳ˺ܶ࣬ͽỲ˸ࡣЩ˶ŬỲĵϸΪ֪֪ˣΪͶá
˭ҲỲĹȥ
Ỳ⣬ûйȥ
ܶС̫ǶѰŮʳЩλĹǻڹð츮ۡȢӡỲȨƣˡҲг͵Ů͸
ˡ
ڹûиۡȢޣûˣˡ
ɶҲУֻǹϸɵķ̫أС̫ӿɵҲûԵöˡǲʱҽеС̫˵ЩҲû˰Ͱȥϵˡ
Լӡ˼
˵Ȩƣ˭أҳٽԱŪ
ỲԵô
ˣĴй
ӡǱһû¶ȣҲûġ
ܿҡͷ
̫㣬ڻһˮ
ӡġ

ʵ棺ʺﲻѧ
һ飬ʺӲ¶ûūĿγֻ˰ӣͷۡʺŽСδ£߳ء
߳ģ
Ỳڣһ۾Ϳ͸СʺǸӲͷƤģ
ûСϣֱ˵ֻʮա
ʹӴ󷨣ղջѧʱˣҪϴЪˡ
Ỳͷۼźϴ


5 ź
ûӦỲ⣬ΪԼˡ
ͷӡˡһ˷Ӧ
һۼźĻȵۣǻʺۼȵ۶źãȴź򲻵ã

ҡͷСɷɷ׵ġηˣϾر׷˰ףһѪɫûС
⵹Ỳе⡪СҲ̫ˡ
šĵİ
ԡ
˻ʺﻹڣԡỲȻѪҪϴ˯ðȡ
𾪵Ỳ⣬ԭ¶ԲԲģӣҲ΢ţ¶װ׵Сԭǲ԰׵Сһ£Ƶģͨͨ졣ܵγѪ
ỲȦηϵķָҪСʺҪû޳
Ǳ㡭ӡˡ
ỲЩؿһۡСʺǿ򾲣Ŭǵ
ȥ
ң¸ӡû
˿Ȼڲ
ҲҶỲ᲻ͻȻֻöЩôͷһ⶯ô
±£С𣿡
ſʰǣ𣿡
ʰüҡͷ
ԥһ£³¡ʱǶò񻰣óºʰһһ㶵ġ
˵ºͳһ˹ʵʵﶼ¶ɲʲôӣֻҪ£ȥǲþġ
ỲѾõˡ
Ѵӹ澿е֪Ỳȥ޵ӲͷƤȥỲվڴױ̨ǰ
ͷ޳ָתĿ֬СԲԲİ״ɿ֬ת̴ľ̨棬೤˻졣
뿪ƮЩ磬ҲƬ¹⡣
ʹ˸ɫ߹ȥ¡ֽزϵķͲҡںڵٰ
ȥӣŷľѾỲˡ޷ֻܵǵ˿
ţԼ
Ỳ˹ظųٵġᷢᷢм档
ľһ·£β
̧۾ͭȥʣջúѧ𣿡
̧ۣͭ¸Ҷߣ˵й硣
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ġ
ѧġ
Ỳ⸩ȻסβǴͭпǽ˵̵ֽĲãۼ
Ϣǵ̴㡣
˵Ϣա
쬵ġ
ˣһ¶ȶûУﵽⶼ͸ˡ
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ֱֽС۵ݸСʺӲͷƤִȥԸ˫ƵĽ
Ỳһ˹طҵĴᣣһ߿ʣҪۼҹź𣿡
ӡæﲻӡġ
Ỳˡ
ð죬ŵӲŷƳ˿
½òãƵֻóϨ˵ơ
չ磬ΪԼ׺ĸ׵Ļᣬ˯ˣɫһЩø׺ĸ׵Ĳǡ
˯š
ҹ־ֺڡҵġ
⹬λݵ͵ģҪȥʵ۳ңԡС̫ñӾŹ̧ȥǹı⣬öдϵϣʵ۹һ㽫д˴򿪱ӣá
δ˵飬ʱͺܲ⡣˵ܲˡ
׺úõĹڼｿţŮֶܽӴô˹Ϊ˱ʵ۳ҾͿԱһȺ̫أ˶ûʲôԡ
˵ͣΪ̫಻ˡ
һЦ̫࣬˶ǡ
ⲻˡ
ȱһ飬˶ˣĵأ
⣬Ỳ
Ϊʲô̫أ
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ССкŶӵžɲʲô£ĸǿ޿䱯ʹ
ԣһ۾ע⵽Ỳ⡣
ʮ֪꣬ʲô˼͡վڿصȺòٳ鵭ȻĮɾּᶨ
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ֵ̫ʶֲ࣬ĥ˰죬ˡᡱôдϱӣϸɤдԸֲ
˵һһǵǼǲӡ
ҳŤŤУֺһ
롣
˵ּݣһʦӴҡ
˸Ƿ˸Ժ˯ˡ

Ůӳɻ֮йջʺٹ٣˼ͷ
Ԫͷ˽ŵһû˯ãһͽŮҳɩϴŮҲˡ
⵹Щ⡣
Դӳսϴһ֮Ҳûгţճիˡ
绹ڡǿЦŸ˿ڣҪúõġ
㶮ˡ
ɩ¸׺ĸչ˲ðɣϵɫҲɩЩǵɩǰƼô㵽ˮ©񡭡
绹ڣȻϣɩӺҲúõġԵ˵
һͷ
ˣӣƺӱܣҪվǿ֧ţȫΪ
ʮһˣҪ͡վĸߣͤͤ
˸ǳԣֽԭ׼
ͼ˵˺һڹ澴ִߵ£òͼһǰȥˡ
ϯĹԱ١
ûߵ˻ʵۡ
ŵʵϵľζ⡱һ
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ͷĪͻͻ£˵ϣֳŮ
ˣ
ʮһꡣ
ʵִһȻתǰߡ
ǰһ֣˵ôûȥϣȥá
ãȻ
ʲôӣ
˵ùŮȡˡ
˼ѡúñܣǷװ
ɫ΢ף͵͵šŮһѡ
Լʲôϥһ񣬼ܡ
ȵǰѰ˸Ļ﹬ҲҴҴŮ
˹ŮϢ֪ĸŮ˹˿
תͷƵĻʵۡ
ʵˡ
ƺĻʵʲôԣ빬ձˡ±ŽղҪʲô⡣
ȻʵûþͿʼ
ϯɺʹ󳼼Ҿ춼ĵģ˻˶֪ʵƽʱӹɫһƣòб
ϢỲ⣬úỲ㵽ˡȥʵۣ˵ˣȥЪһЪ
ʵỲĸ첲ɵЦǻⰡЩ󳼷Ҫ⣡
ʵۡٺ١Цţ˵ϴŮٲģҪ˭Ҫ˭޶㣡
ʵۻλվ첲һһȦ
޲ɫ
Ỳü
ʵ۾Ѭ죬ҽקˡ
ǣỲ֣ɻʵĺ˼Լվȡ
Ỳӹӣɫ䡣
ʵۣѾԽԽûˡ
ʵһߺһߴһˣЦץȥֱӽ˿ǰߡ
һСкҪȥ׷
ĸ׺۾æסòȥӵ졣
ʵû߼ֱӽϵ˷ŵϣϡһ˺Ȼء
ɫҰ׵ؿһĻ
ȻһһСŮ
Щʲô
߬ӵֽֽ
ỲĮؿŻʵ۵ĻƣᷳظҪʡһġˡ
ףСʺ
ˣظһ飬ʵˣͻԪ
һôǰ˵

ūŮĳӡ
û
ʯӳϵķ
ǻʺ
ǣ˱㿴Сʺվ


6 
˿һĻɵˣֿվܵҪסСŮҪŮԪסֹ֣
ү
Ԫû˵СŮıӰü
С̫ã˼˺͸βĴ򣬼û˽Ӵô˵Ѿˡ
е㵨ӡ
ǣվ
ûʺҲû˸ҶԻʺôǸ󷢷ʵۡ
һͷɡӣƵĻʵȥ
˵Ŀ̶
ĲӱˣأСűȥ
ϵķڳģζڼžĵڣײܹ֮Ỳߵʱ򣬶Ƶһ˻䣬ҷš
ỲⴹĿ׷ϵص
סʵ۵΢΢ŬԼ򶨣ϣˡ檷ȥϢ
ʵԺ̧ͷȥһûϳ˭
Σ죺ݱ޶˻ʵۣôҡ
ǰϳԪʺĳˡ
ʵ˾ƣƫվվȡ˰ûȥ
ŻʵָʹȫקСˡظǾ䣺ϣˡ檷ȥϢ
ʰҪȥæס
۵ԼСӡ֪ҪĲǻʺȥæ
ԥƺǰߵʹקһѡ
鲻ǵһηˡҲйһΣĲǳޣһλӵạ́Ȱܵطߡ
ȵڶطٽгңֶ֮ûųȥʵŮ˶ģáһշߵȫɱˡ
Ҳ飬̫󼸶Ȼʣʢŭ֮´СӰʹڱסˡ
һվǸ˵๫
磬ɫҰܡܹȥɼסԼӡ»δɣϵѵҲˡ
СקƵĻʵʵڳ
ۼˣŲסˡ̧ͷһȦվڲԶѵȣ𣡡
֮ǰٲԥ֣ͬ˹˻ʵۡȻأͬӵܹ
ỲЦһ¡
ŵһμʱССһΧűӿ޵ûûˣĿ⾹ǰܾˣһֿȵ۰Ͱż죬Ӿ˲١
ֱִ׾Ҫӣһ
ʺ﷢˻ǾµģỲڿˡͳûʲô
һ˲䣬ǰ˶ˡ
һһԼһ亹վ򴽿Щˡ
ʵ۵ģ̫ҽģ̧ģʰġ
Ỳ߹ȥҷص˹¸áȻԹС۵ݸ

תͷ˿ȻŽִСϣǿŲŻȥ
ûˡ
۾̽˵ӰӣӦ֪ġɫ󡱣ΪСϵһֱ΢΢š
ûס
ỲѾĿƿĿǰĮȻɨϵĳһŻ߻ʧη
ǣʹ졣

ɢˣ󳼴żҾҴ빬һɫЩ̾Ϣ
䲻Լһܲݣɳ֪ɱ˶ٸҲ֪ж˼
ۿ߽ԼҵԪͣ˽Ųϳţһȥһˡ
ȥʲôʱȥֲʰ˵
ԪԥƬ̣˵ʵȥỲ⡣
һȥѰʲô
ԪҲ֪Լóǵ㡰顱ֻӡ̫ǲǻˡ
ֻһˣΪСŮȡ裬һҲߡ
ԪỲزؾ·ϡ
ӣſỲӰ
Ỳڹеס֮ؼΪƫƧǰҲԶỲڹȻнΣʱϲǽߣС
Ỳ벽ĵط߸߾ɡỲҪŽˡ
ỲƳԪһۣŲûͣ
ԪŬЦЩ˵ǰһԵɺϵһ꼽⣬˵ӡ֮ǰѰӡ
ỲЩȵؿɲϽ硣
ԪϵЦЩΡ
£ȷ˼ʮ꣬ͷһ⡣
ۿỲҪߣЩӡλȨأȻһԾŶʹϷԡ
⻹ҪỲսʱ˵Ϊ̫ۣԪע⵽¶ɲǶܻġԪҩ
ҩūͻʱ˻
Ỳˡ
ʱԪֻЦЦû¡ỲȨԽԽݺ˺޾ļ¡
Ԫûٴ𣬸Ǻҩ֮١Ҳûе˵ԸҩҰҲø˹
û˰취ҩһó
·һСͤʯѵļɽϡỲ̧ߡ
ѩ࣬ʯմɨ»ǶѩʯײǹשɽʯǿݴŻѩ
Ỳ࣬˶֪顣
Ԫֻԥôһ˲䣬͹Źȿһ׷ȥһһϵۣɽʯѩ
ͷŴỲѥ̤ϣ˿˿ͬʱһ˵Ŀɬζ
Ỳͤʯ£ԶΡɽ
Ͻкޣʡ
Ԫ죬ȴһʱ֪οڡ
ĳճȺñнŷɥʷᣬɱŲԼԮʹسսһ߶о̤ʬΪࡣ
ĴΪʮоƫƫ鳼ı棬Ҽɱһǻ־δչ
ĳŮգԲжйƱϻʺӳ¥һԾѳ
ĶŮɫiҲѧ׿׿СӸ֮ϣɷˡضˣȴ°С޹ھҲջ١ʱңɤӺϽͷ˳һ棬ɱ±Ѱڱء
Ỳ˵Ź
ÿ˵һ䣬Ԫɫ԰һ֣֪ʱڵأڴԼؿڣϢüѡ
ỲԪǰִսЧҵľĴ롣
Ԫû˵ڷ˫ۡ
ỲЦˡ
һ
һ졣
ͤȥԪòסỲ°ڡ
ỲӸµ
СŮ֪ӡԼշԪ˵ţսȣҪƾҪ¡
Ỳס
ԪֻһƮѾվ
ϽۼֵֹáỲЦЦȥԪϵѩϽȥ캮̫ҽȥϽ塣
ỲĿԪԶһͤ˺ܾá
ѩ𽥱Ϩˣ¸
һϷһдۣأԼҲٵóס
ڰŸոտʼ
Ỳͤûزȥ﹬
ţڴ£һ顣ϵƹƣϣ۽ó
רעỲ⿪ڡ
۽޲˲תͷվڴỲ⡣䴽ƹ⽫ӳ˵ů
˵˻úѧġ
ỲӴֶ̽Ĵͼת˸µݸȻƤõˡ


7 
һ£ӲͷƤȥݹָСֱܾ֡Ỳ˫۾ܰ˿͸еССϷΡ̫ҶỲĿ⣬۾ȥ߱ϡ
ϵСںءܡ
ỲƽαӴױ̨ϳľȻ˻ỲˣһûһطŪױ̨֬Ʒ
ͷһһ
ԼʺÿҰձ̫ŵһһէġһ룬˧ҲûģȨҰοԼ
ලԼѧϰģ
ȥĴ£ලʵǴСЩһ룬ֲûʵǸʵ¾ľˡ
鵱רЩỲȻڡ
̧۾Ŀһۡ
ױ̨ĵƹûӵ̧ȥ۾һʱûӦֻӰһµɫԵøȾѪƵģġֻһĹ۾ӦĹߡǣỲ
Ỳ̧۾٣ղ۵ס
һ̵ͷָͷڶشҴַһҳᡣ
ѧѧ¡
ͷ濴飬ѧϰСôܡ
Ỳӣ뿪
һߣ̰鶪ˡС齣Ѿǰùڱ˺üˮҡڱȺġ
ôˣʳ¡
߹ñӰΧʵˣ˵˵»ûء
Ŷһüĵ˵ͷ
çײˣѱˣ̾˿
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۾ȥ£Ǽأ
Ҳ˼֣ѹ˵үռǡ
۾Խżֳ֮ɫ
ү򡣲㵽ڣҲֻүĶ
Ķлʱүгıɥү췴ƺƴ󡣻ʵʢŭҪϺүңȴȥ¥գڶСһˡ
ȥˣСеıѾСˡ
쳤˲ӣӿŵĴȥǽɽͣôԶԶÿС
ʱ֪ǲҲŹǽɽӣŽ
ԼȣСӵܳʳǣɱǻƻʵۣһ
ĪĿᵶ빬˹ʵͷһĻ
ţԼжҪжԼ񳤽ǰСŸѧգõöǹҲҪͶȥСɱУΪʵԴһ
ʰǶҩ˵洵ôãһҩСȾ˷纮ɼ
һӿӳһȥеļûˡ
Ǹӡ
Һúúҩ˫ݣܰӹýʵӲ𣿡Ƶġ
ܣȻܣ
֪ʰں
С֪Լ缸㣬ײµʱΪ޹ϥϣЦ˵Сµһã㣬Ҫͱ˱Ƚϡ
Ѿܾòȥȥˡ
䶼õģϧ˶ˡԽõļ䣬Խǿɬˡ
˸ĿڽƵķͼϡ黭ͨһддӵûдѳûɱеı¡
ܸԼķʽЩʲô

ҹ˾ҸУձʵ۵ڿޡ
ˣް棬ƽ᲻úӣֻ߰˴һһǡֻȥء
ܿӵļ磬ĿⲻĴܾʹ㲻ܲˣ
๫ǡǡ˫棬
Ҫ˵ˣûܵһʱȥ㣬֣Ȼ㣡⾩ǼȻȥˣ뿪ǡΪĻʵ£ƽЩʥ飡ȥݣȥͶү
Լ๫ֹס˿ޡ
ڶһ磬Էڼҹ̸˵ǣѱһֲ͵ỲС
Ỳû˵ʲôֻϴ֡ոմӾˮƫϲˮһ˫ڱˮзϴţָˣҲ
ԹɫȻӡǲץҪһһ·ˡ
Ħӡ뷨
ӡϴ֣æϸɾѩӡ
ԶԶһС̫༲߸ϡæȥ档
ԭǹе˵ӡǰվǲڣ֪ôֱϲŷ
¹ãܲ⡣
˴գϦʱ衣
С̫СʯӵһʱšһдֵỲ⣬ѯʵĿ⿴ͷСʯӲżϹϾػػˣλС
ỲûʲôӦԾд֡
СʯȥĵСסˡ
С֪ܱסŮĸ
ڶ࣬Ҳ˵㲻ʢ
Ϊʮλȴֻһ
СԪͻʺðġ
Ԫͻʺǻʵ۵ĵڶʺҲĶ㣬С
ʵ۲ϲӡڸţȺŮ˵ĶӾֻŮ⼸꣬󹬵ҲһλҲûֻǶˡ
Ϊʲôû˭ҲֻۣڰϹš
Ỳ˱ʡ
Ͻȥ멡
ʵһʱǰỲȥ
ںզࡣʵˣƵһʱŹȥӡҲûˡ
ʵỲȥỲۡʵÿЩۡⲻǵһ ˣȷе˵ÿˡ

ʵ۽ձϳǷһ졣ʱԪƫϣһ߿ż輧裬һ߳žιĸ㡣
飬ҲֻʺʺСֳ빬йغ˵
ʵĿת輧赸˵ǲأỲȥˡ
ӡȻ˷ġɳõ鶼ӡæˣ󹬵ҲҪ𣿡ֽһϸݵʵۿڱߣ㣬ҳŮĸǴϻ쳣͡˵ʺֻСûҲЩֽΡ
ʵŰ۾輧ƿؿ
Цһȥյʵ۶ߵֹ䡣

Ỳ⵽Ԫֱ鷿ȥ鰸Ѷĵۡ
ỲĽŲȻͣһƫµСŮϡûǴ﹬Ĺ澡
ʺˣʡ
С̫䣬Щεؽһһʮˡ
Ỳƫķԭһ̧ȡ°׵멷ķ
ߵ⣬ʵۺ輧ֳĶ
С̫ͷ
ỲûСʺָָ̧ţС̫æŴ򿪡
һʮߡӳֱͦĽСӰ
ʵ˽ڴǰ輧ġݡ
Ỳ߽ȥ
£д̿Ǳ˹С
ʵһֱӴӴϹضỲ󣬱סȣź̿ģ
׷顣ȵ
Ỳ˵ˣʵ۸Ͻһߺšݡһܡ
Ỳת
ӣһûſޣСɷףһѪɫûС
Ỳ⻺ȥʺ󣿡
۽޲̧۾Ỳ⣬ԼҪ侲ȴһڵʱˡ
Ỳһ


8 
ͬʱһϡ
Ŵ죬ȥһ
ҡ³һ֣ظֶĵĸоˡæ֣˫ֽһסԼ졣ͲС˫ס죬ֻ¶һ˫ںڵ۾ͰỲ⡣
ɿߵСཻ̫䣬ֽܽذỲϵˡ
ºʰҲ첽һűһǰˮ
ĹעvxֺţС   
С̫ܽỲɾ·ֽؽӵźỲ⴩ϣٽۺáǸӡˡ
ʼգỲûֻȦСʺ󣬿һΡ
ͷźסԼŻСüͷһ𣬴ΪŻ̫ˣ۽Ƕ˺졣
˳ӣӹŮĴɱЩˮỲźЦһʣô𣿡
վθЩỲĻԺвָЩθʱֲˣСһ˫ѾסԼ졣
Ỳʶһ
ۿüͷһʹʹţҲŮӺɰȡǿ飬˰ֽݽ۾䣬Ծع˼СС㡣
ỲΪûҲȳȥʱ̵ؿڣǵġ
Ỳͣ½Ųȥ
ſſؿαϣ˫Щգ˵ġĺܶġ
ﺬŵǻûȫӰ֣˵ĻƵġ
Ỳ⿴ѩһһǶ΢΢ûֳ꣬ԼŮ֣һǳԡ
ỲĥšǸСӣҲ֪ǴС̫ɣΪ빬ûȾϹһĹľ
ϧˣյĵطȾȾҲ顣
ĴָָʳָϵĴƵزŪһȦڣǳԣĥĥʲôô⡣
Щȵؿ
Ỳ⿴۾︡־ȣ־ֺܿʧΡ
Ỳ׽仯Сʺ˼һۿ͸ˡȻھ֮˭ⲢҪĵֻ̫֮࣬ʵۿģǻʵġֻǶĻʵ۰ˡ
ųµվỲ˵նлӡˡ
ỲȻЦˡ
ۼҲְô̿ͣлʲô
ŹֲỲⲻЦЦںÿÿò֮ˡ
Ŀһ磬̸˿ڣӡΪаȫȻлġ
˶٣ʹؽһ䣺Уӡ·
Ỳһ˲Цɫȥеķ˲ܵظ
һס˿ڡ
ˡ͵꼽Ǻá԰գỲⲻٿתߡ
ʲô꼽⡭վԭţԼµʲôֲԼµ顣
ỲС̫ӭ棺ӡ¼ȥ
Ỳ̧ۣķ
Χ˸ˮйͨ
ȥػۼҪȥ׷ô̿ͣݲȥỲԲ͡
Ỳ⵱ȵУ˸պɻĻ͵ϣҲûʧϵλȷ쾡¡
ʵۣϷץһöӰˡλȻȥģȻҲԻһȥ
Ỳʵ۵Ļӹ⡣
临ˣһĵԡỲȴ̫Ȥ
ӦһܵϷ
չﻮջøĿһδϯȡԼ
ỲժʳָϵĴָ¹Ĺ⣬۾ϸšָһϸĺ죬Ѫöָĵ㾦֮ʡ
ỲƵŴָöֵǵĽָָ仯ΪҽһҽҲˡ
һ紵ĺ칬ƣ׹ŵĺҲƮỲϵĹʱ½Ӱζȴղɲ۵ס

ѵҹЪµʱԪȴΪ˯š˽꼸ܺԽԽˡŹͥԺһšȻۣߣҪ˶þ߲ˡ
Ҳ
˵жйѫ˵ʺΨһĻӻҳȥŮӦô󸻴Ŷԡ
ǰǵȷԺաԪʱҲҪٻֻǺŮ£ЩĻζԽʳﷴˡֲ̫ƽյҲ̫ùԪҲƶ˰գֻ˵ƶӡ
ԪţԶԶ鷿ŵơЩ⡣
鿴̫רעԪŹߵˣû֡
ڿ飿
һе˵ءæվ鱳Сغ游
Ȼɥصͷ
ĸЩ
ԪŮǰĪԼĳӣ۾Щɬѹѹβſڣѧ
͵̧ͷŵȻȥ߬ӣϣʣ游ԽЩطܿЩ
͵͵Щ飿Ԫʡ
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Ԫ׼طȻ˵游ǸǻʵҲ䲻Сùã
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׵٣Ԫһ㶣һ֣ѸתߡԼһҪͳŮǰ
Ԫһܡӻڡ
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̫ʱһ֮´СӰʵۼȥˣûѵĸʵҲˣԸȥ롣ˣǲܲһˡ
ʵѲǵӵĻӣ˰ķУİԼӣﻹԸȥ̫ǰ
˼ȥ˸⡣
޲Ǹ˻ʺ·æ³ûʺȥ̫عѵӦ
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ּ͵﹬ʱ̲Цӯӯ
ܹܻʵǶõ¶ѽ
֪ڹÿһжľս¼ʵۡܳȥ̫ǿ̫ѽ
һ㻶ϲҪ϶ˡ
Сӽ꣬ȴûм֪㣬Ҳ֪Բԡ
ǲԵġ
½Ӹ׿ЩСӵ顣˵СӲ̫ˣСȾϼֻҵ޷졭üȾϼֳ
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Ỳ˵ĻȥˡԼڹʵ̫ˣҪͨˣҲһһϦ顣
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̧ͷ¶һŸɾƯ
֮ѡΪĺ˵Ȼԥˣġ
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9 ʳ
ĥţĺỲߵǾʶǵȷǶõѡˣٴлĺס
ĺҽлĺҲм᲻áﲻǸ̫ƽطȫûи⼸ƽգҲûٴӰ˷㡣
õ˻ˡԼ빬Ҫһˡ
ֵˣĺױˡ
Ϊۼˣ޴ʵĿηûôִֻеīͱ¿ôĵһ¶ôɡ
˵ıʣƭ˵Ĺ
ֵĽ̵ɤȥϵȴһ죺ޣǼٵġٵġٵģ
ִӣе¡֮ǰϿСʺ˫糺ŤŤģô͡
֪ʲô˼𣿡
һ䣿кŮ࣬衣١ǡ鲻ߣ򡣢ڡ
̹Ȼӣüͷøˡ
䴽¶Ƶ۾Ҳ䡣ż֣⼸ױ˺ܶ飬ѾˡҪѧ𣿻ֽո٣ñЪЪ
΢΢ƫͷĲҡΣۡ
ŻʺòǺáòЦЦܽӵĻȥҪѧЩ
ֿɲҸ٣ȥŮ̬ŮԼһһЦ
־ϧŮӵ֣ʺɾɵʵɹ̫ѧЩɣҲź
ֽΣҪѧ衣
ΣΪСӲãǴûġӲͷƤѧᡣ
ҲͷۣŻʺϸȴû뵽һĵӶûСƫƫǻʺҶ˵
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¹Ůȴһ˵Ȼùø˽֮Ӻ࣬ҲŽ˵Եõģٲᱻ͵ȵС̫۸ˡǰһµᣬϳҹǼѶաϴλΪ̿һӵ̫ڻ
¹ŮޡһЩϢɡҪǸȺ̫˻ˣٱҡ಻࣡
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ȥԴЦڿࣺҪȥǿԸ־ôȺˡϢʲôӡĸɶӣֱȥӡ
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«źüͷ壬Ҫȥ㿴һɫӰǰġ
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һ۴ѩɡţͼ¹ȥ
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վ£ңңỲ⡣Ỳ˰ĵĴ߿һۡ
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Ỳ͵Ц𣬵ʵ۵ĶӳۼΪȻʹġ
ǡʵ۵ŮΪӡů齣ӡʹ𣿡


10 ֱ
մ˼ǳ۵֯ƼԽů´һƵĻ֯ȹһʯҷضë׵İױϸ㡣һ˫ִ󲿷ֲǳ۵Уֻ¶ź¯ָ
ĳ䣬һůڵĹӰ
վůվӰ
Ỳ⡣ϸءŬȥ۾ͽͣɫ۵׺̶޵ף̽
һô˵ǰ̵ֽβߴģѧǰ繴ǰǱĬ
ɵỲվǰʱ׼һϵЩżɵ˵Ƕûϡ
۾ϵ̹Ȼؽ뷨ٿ
һڣЩڵģԼı׾ɹ˵ĺ꾫Ҳûѧ˼ƣֱֻ׵ס
ʲô붼ûУ˻ʺݡ
Ỳ۾ĺֻһ˲Լֱ˵ûдûʲôСܶù۾
Ѿ˼ȥСЦļ
˵ûи𰸡
֮ϸѩƵƮ䣬ڻѩשϡҲϸѩƣ۾
۽޳̣һƬϸѩ۽ϣܿ컯۽ޱЩʪˡ
ỲȻЦˡ
̧۾ȥǴżСŵġûпỲЦ
æ䣬Ժſţණ˵Ỳ⡣֪ûжʱˣ˵Щʲô˵տдѩ˸·ҪڱһաûиӡʱÿտڿΣ
һֱỲⶼǵһյվůɾ˵ֲڱ׾Ĺ֮
ʱỲֻЦЦ˵ۼҰ˰Ҫع
มһ۾Ỳֻܿź¯ָ˿¯Ƕŵİ¹
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ỲޣŶ˺ƺƵɽȥ
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üĥ˺һ˵شžˡ
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ľűƿ֨ѽ೤ɳơΣµ߹̧֣
Ỳۿ̧߽֣ΣС۵ݸ


11 ʹ
ˮһ̧ңò뵳ʪС̫̿ûøЩϸǺӣ̿Ѭ˹ˡȻѾغãҽ¡ˣұ㳹ů
С̫Щ˳ȥ
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ǹ⽫֧ߵġʰѾһ֧ˡ
ȫȫ⣬ܰСӡĳ˼뽫ԼĴǡӾˣԼ
ˣֻỲ⣬аˡ
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ỲЦЦժ·ߵһ֧÷ᡣ
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վȺ̴ӵķߡ
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֪Ǽǿ
ѹѹñת뾩ķȥ
֪ܱԼȥһټʱûֹؼҡ


12 
У̯֣ڵСɹޡСɹšѩ׵ĸ֬ŵ˵³¶㡣ϸֱ棬ԼһҩĿζֻߣһ̴㡣
ǽϣϷǰỲ͹ġҩ
ԭҩӡġ
ðȥӡԭ
Ỳԭȥҩ͸ʺ󡣡
ûиʲôҩҲȫʶ˰ġºʰǣҲҡͷû
һعˣȥ̫ҽͳˣʰ˵
۾ҩ޸ǺãսСβü䣬Ծش˼ǡ
ȥ̫ҽʲôҩ
˵Щˣ˭֪ʲôҩأ̫ҽ˵Щ
򴽣СɹСսС
ΪѾšˣǳ¶ºͲҩĿ඼ŲˣӺճ˵̴㣬ûа취ԡ
⴫ỲⲻͣáỲһƮĶУҪԶѡ
ͷԼϵ·źĹװ滹ë׵Ķ񣬽ӹʵʵġ
ǣѾʵˣỲʱƫ־Լû·Ƶġ
ź޽΢ķĴ߰ӲˣԶӲˡĬĬǰ󣬽ԼøʵЩ
ϵỲŸժ֧÷ǱáõȻԼһֻЬҹ
ӰһζȻҹЬֹȻ˿
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ÿڸỲ˻Ӧһøˡ
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ƺ̳ӱڰפͣ
̣ƿߵĴһǣ͵͵ȥ
Ỳȥǰ棬򿪡
һصײˡֽԾɱš֪Ỳ֮⣬ֻǿӶޣޡһһĭ³
ڵỲǰϣѾڵأүĵ棬ñΡ
Ỳɫ䣬żǳЦ
̧֣ǰȲӸµƵؿڣۼҷּعǡ̫󡢻ʺСһͬСԻСµĶ䡣ֻðͷˡ
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ۼ˸÷󡣡Ỳ˶٣ɫЦΪʲôҩ


13 ڷ
˫Ѹƫ캮ˣỲЦ۾Ҳֱˡ
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尾ļקһ룬ק龹ǡ¼¼һ飬Сʱ򿴹ǰ뱾ʱֻа뱾뱾һֱûѰû뵽Ѱġ
ʱʱ齶׼ʡʱ˶Ϊϲò뿴ʲô飬綼ᾡŪ
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ӡԴɵģ
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ص﹬ù뽪һԼȣһ˰ġĺڵĽǲҲ

աһױҪȥ̫밲ʾ̫ࡣ
̫ˣÿδһնҪġҪ˵紩˶ɡʰ˵
飬ǰһڼʱ˵ůЩʹ
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̫ûȻذա̫˵캮ʺ󲻱չʰųһʮͺáֶ˶٣̫˵⽫Сڻʺߣֻ»ʺȥʻʵ۵˼
⡱һ
ԸȥʵֻۡҪվڻʵǰͻ̲סֳޣ˼Ͷĵë
Ϊϣòһˡ
һԭһӣӲͷƤԪȥ
ԪԺţԶԶỲ⡣ƺԪ鷿
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˵ȣ֪֣ȡһɫСҩŽС
һỲɫ۵аֹЦ
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14 
ỲףתʱЦŵġ
ʲôЦġ
ỲⱳӰƵصһۡСƿֵһǷŽԣȻСƿպãתȥʵۡ
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¯ݸ£ϵĶԸϣŽŰѶñϡ
üĿеִҲе⡣Цһʲô˼￴Ц𣿡
ҺĽô֪üͷ
ɵص
ʲôһ񶼵˹˭Ҳ޲ˣЩͬΪˣ˭Ҳʹ˲𣿡
ҪЦˡ˵ҽСŮĽɣû뵽棡
ˡ˽ģתߡ
ıӰҲǣЦҲǡ˵ȷĴСʺڵ˵йɵģ
һΣʰ̲סֹ̫ˡ
¿һۣջ߳˼
۾е¯Щ
̫ˣԶûաСˣҲȥˡɵúúûţҪȻ˭Ǳأ
˶ԽɲΪơ
Ϊ
һλةĵ
֪ĳıƣҪʧǶѽЦЦȵܵظˣٰǸá
͵ۼҲ㣡
Զ˼ϸ
תͷԶһ̫ñӳ򴺸Ǵ﹬ȥġַ˴ȥĹ澣˿ۡ
߹ȥ˸æӸµƳŴڣȥɹеɡ
˰죬ŶԶȥıӰǧл
ÿһ΢Сֵñս
ƫͷʰģСǰģ
ūģв顣͸ս̷ӵַ˼ɻ䣬˵ٴ͸¶ˡ
ͦģպñɡЦɡ
ʵ֪ĵı
֪ﳼ֮Ů

ϵסĻʱǰĽǰ˵ϵٲܻʵϲҲΨһĻӣǲġѯ
ԶԶ֪ҪᵽǱߵģߵѾʰˡ˫ڽǰһƣ˵ȥȥȥȥ𷳱
˵꣬תܡ
ˣǶţôһƣֱӵڵءϡһϽʰ
ƽ˵ȥһ﹬뱾˵˵ϯ顣
ǡ
ϵˣԴ˻Щӵġ
˵ͼǰߣȥѰϡƹȣܵԺȥˣҲùȥ롱ˣԼȥѰ
ܽ鷿εؼӿ˽Ųȥȥ鷿ţϡ
Ķһֻ⣬һֻڡ
ỲȦ
վǰȥ½󣺡أҵأ
ỲһִֻļϣϸϸĲӡϵĲϸỲ΢Ťϡ
ỲתͷĿϡ


15 Ħ
ĸ
üŤͷȥСֳԥ
Щܲ˫ƶüдˣ߹ȥǸСƿݸ
Цˡ
ĵؽӹȥšƿȴһʱûš
æǰƿѺɫСǶ̯ϸضеԣһӳ̫ˡ
ϹŹֵصһۣ죺ҵǣҳԹЩˣ𣡡
Ƕ̫٣ĵļǶһȻСһ죬ֱӽСƿȻƹܡ
С£תͷԶıӰμˣôôϲܰұһ˫Сȣͦ졣
úú˵˵ڶûᡣֲ밴չĽСǰ˵˵ѵˡ
°ôˣỲȻڡ
һתͷȦỲ⡣ûڿͷŪϵļСƿϰһɫʰ쵵СƿʽϸոߵǸɫһǣͬζǡ
°ͣ
ɻˡ
°ôˣ
վһȦỲǰ̴ľϰһСͭȡͭȴɴ˴
СͭһľⱻˣýճֲֻڵĲݱơ̰ĳɹ
ˣС鷿ûоˡ
ԥһתỲ⣬˸ðյ⣬е㲻̫ҡ
Ƭ֮Ỳһ˫̧ۣ֡Ϳ˫ֳ棬
յỲǰ۾ɫȥӳ
Լ°ֱոԪʱ°ͱӶ񣬲ʱеˡ
Ỳգ۾һ˲ȻȥקСۣһ˳һֻֿ档
Ỳŵʳָ̧ȻĴָָĦ࣬
Ƥۣ°;΢΢˺졣
Ӷ𣿡ʡ
ֻ
۾һˮ˫Ӹɸɾġ
ỲⷴĦָͣϢִλȴȸոЩ
ƵؿڣʵۼҲǺܶ˼
ͷһͷǸѸٱýĶԻΪҪĴ𻰿ɲаֲ
Ӷ֮顣ֺα͵ۼֱԼۼҾûлϿ£ỲĿ
˶֪ŵλǸܻʵۣ۱նỲɲǹʵ۱ȵùԼҲСʺΪ˶һˣȥͶһĶС
۾֪Щʲô
ỲĦּЩʣﵱ治ۼң
°
ѿڶûаԥ̧۾Ỳ⣬ٲһ䣺¡
Ỳü
ڼ׿͸˵˼ȴһ˲ֲСʺʲô
ǣ˵־Կ˷޲ȴ
۵ףѸ̵ĺޡ
һ뵽Ҫ׹أ˳ᣬ¹Ѫĺӣ;ñٻҪʹ࣡սỲ̧°͵߬ӡֺ֪𣿡
Ỳ۾Ȼһ㱡
ޣ
ǣ̫֪˰
ỲͳЦתЦȤζض½֪ۼȥġǲǸۼһ޲Ŷԣ
ʣȵۺ̫ѵҪȵۺ̫һޣŮģѵҪȥŮ󣿡
Ỳа˵
۾ͼһ˿һɫ
ػû̽
ΣỲȻЦˡ
ĺ޿ǡỲһ²뵽ʵĴʣǲˮ
ỲĪ־Ȼ
ĺ޿ûСʺ򵥴⣬
Ỳ֡
ֱϸϸȥɫһûٿڵ˼˵ȥѰСˡ
Ỳףߡ
΢΢üתѰϵģϵС鷿ỲⵥദʱѾˡỲݣڲϡ˽Сɵദʱˣɡ
ߵſʱȻͣ½ŲתỲ⡣
ӡġ
Ỳ⡰šһҲû̧ͷСƿεǡӴ©Ĺϣ޿޵ٰӰ
ӡ´ʲôʱᣬһ
ỲеǶŽԣ̧ͷվſڣ׵Ĺս谵鷿ʹ۾Ҳ̫üֻۣ˺һ㶬յůеˡ
ϵİˡ˵
˿߳鷿
ûͿվԶüȾɫԵǵߡ
߹ȥʣɿ϶ܵȥˣ
Ǳȥˡ
룬ϸջعȥҹԵСˣҲϾҪᵽ﹬շҲ
ĬĬ﹬ߣ̾˿Ȼúýϣǰ˵ﶮνӡзͷöľ
ֿɺЩˣʡ
Ƕ⼸һֱߡ
½ͣ˵Щǻûá֪°Ѳһֱûҹͷ
ͷЩźá

ỲǹȥҩҩЧˡֹգҲ峿ʱȵطȲİ̺һۼˡ
æʰʣµҩ˹ܲгȻܿϸ׼硣
ȴ˵ںΪæµʱǰȴһ¡
糯֮ʱϳ˽ذףŻɱʵۡȻˣϳûܳɹɻʵۻ˸Ŀ֮¾ŵƨްֵϡ
ʱỲⲢڳϣڴǾǵĿ磬ӶƮʵζ
Ỳ·ӺŽ㱦¥һ·ͨ裬¥һ롣
Ů˱ϥɪɪڴǡŮ˽ɽ㱦¥ͷơ
̧ͷ˵
ɽһ̧ͷỲƵӳɽ־嶼ˡ
Ỳɨһڣ֡
ɽ˷ӦҲ֪ŵĻǱǰ˵òվߵѾһĸ첲̧֡
һõĺӴϡ
Ỳ֣̽һֻһϢ֡Ѿ֪ǻڣֻҪԼڣ̫ҽԺȺҲ
Ỳӹ˿ڱǣζתһ䣺׼һ£ͽС
ð죬ɽ֪˭ŵô˸¡
Ỳճ㱦¥ȥǡС̫첽Ϲ糯ϳɱʵ۵ˡ
Ỳⴹ۾͵͵Ц
С̫ļ磬С̫ܳȥ
Ỳ˺ܶǣǳԣʲôܡǷǱϹϾС
Ỳһǣװǵĺ̫Сֱֽ˷׵©̼ҵ
һ߳һߡ
Ƥĺֽͯ׷һСײɫʰ쵵ǶһЩ
ͯĸ׷ỲŵɫҰֱӵڵء
ֵĽкȻ
¶ĺͯź̧֪ͷỲ⡣
ĿУỲͯͷץ˰ǹ
иšΧ۵˼ֱԼ۾̾⺢ͯײӡ顣
ỲվԶһůѩɽ۾ǰŮ˵ƺҲ׻ģףů
뻭ˡ
Σ


16 
գꡣ磬ǲᾪģֻں󹬣Ǽ硣ʮλЩѽѧ·߲׵ģǶҪ硣ٽףЯҾݣһЩСӡСǣҲˡ
ʹЩ֮ӡŮʱţʱһñ
ԣ԰ֱ˺ͯķѡ
ʹ׼ӵĺͯЦǾͷ
ֹˡʰӽһλ޽ǻ׵ϸ˸ں档
𰲡ϥ
ʰǽ˼ʱûĹ¡߹ȥ£̾Ȼ⼸ˡ
ӡֿһ֣һ壬˭СʱҲ֡޼仨ף࣬ĪȻ
̧ͷǰһʱӡǸ˵ǡվסСӾȻôˡҽʣСӣһʱüȾϴȰ˵͸ͷɱʱڱź򣬵ȥ˱𹬽̫С»عգֲزˣһֱղܹ
˵Щɳƣû
ϺҪע塣
䣬ܽ˵ôţ
ֲʱȻҲ½ϣҲǶղ׷
ϵĴȰһգ˲֣¹
ͷһ⿴Ϲؾص߹ǰҲ֪ǲĴС˶ֱͦˡ
ʺǵĸãǵµĸҲǵĸ󡣵ԺҪʺĻТ𾴡ְ˵̡
תתһۣջ֡ʣǰ˺󣿡
ˡϣһμ⺢һ
ǰ˺󣡡
ǣ㵵ؿ泯ؾصؿͷƤ⼸ĸˡպһúĸĻ
Ͻ۽ǵ͵͵ȥ֡ûأ־ˡǰٷְٵΣ˵ҪŰϣ⺢ŵ
ֵɫͻЩϵǵȥաҪ˵
һЦתתһҾȻֶ˵ֻδã亰̫ҽơܳȥ档
뿪ķ
֪ɻֽͣУۼδʵټٲԱ
Ȼһ£ôһ˲䣬ϣƤ⺢ӲѣҪѧټٵرԼ
ϸɫѾף㵽Ϊ̶ֹת˻⡣ЩҵֽƻϡҲʱģֻЩѰ£ʵ֪ʲôˣεؾüͷ˵֣˵˵ϵɡʲô鶼á
ƽʱϺ˵ĵεΣüȴһƬȰ
еĺӣΨһˣ
ţʱϵƤչգʱΪü
Ĵ
һܣ󣬼ѹҹҹߡ¹ǰͷһԥ
Ǹءܳܣ᲻ŵοֻ˲ܣÿһ֪ԽǶһ֡
֪ǲԶȥġβֿʼ£֮϶ֻǹһˡ
ִȰͷ
ܿ죬ɴŹǹʰҲپ׷ĺͯߡ
ϺȻ֪ܹǰ
֣
̾˿ϵ½˵Ƕ˵ˣյȥˣ
һ飡
ְһ壬ƲƲ죬С죺֪ˣһȥǰͷ棡
ִյֶߣСʣָ𣿡
ָ½Ķ˶٣δ
ʡ
ǱϻЩЦ˴СԹϡ
ûһ
վȥɡԼעЩ
ǰһ̻һأȻ˸ӾԣǸӵСˡ

ÿɴŹǹʰףԱ㡣˺˴˻նЩ⣬ÿľͺãضʰ
ԼվڴǰͥԺֵĺͯСǵЦüۼ䲻Ⱦ˼ĽЦ⡣Сʱһ
ʰɫ˵ҪҪȥߣ
ŴϺĶ񣬴ʰڡ
һѩյѵǸʵӡ·ϵĻѩѱϸɨɵ·ֵĺ÷֦ͷŵĻѩȴԾɳ飬ʾŴջ磬ϺҲδԶ롣
ں÷£űϢ䵭÷㣬̧ͷһС̫Զһ۲ʲôԣһĥȴƺڵʲôˡ
ǰС̫һЦ¶һСԶԶضһ
ͷһȻС̫ϣڲΪ·Ǹͷ˲侲ضʰ˵һȥ
ʰãȻ⣬ʣԼȥأ
ȥС£òš
ʰԾɲ⣬ȴҲʣתȥˡ
ԭƬ̣ųǸС̫ȥĬĬԼĽŲãһССĻ
кܶĻЩǹеĻܷ꣬ЩŻ̨ŪǰһңǺߡ
Сֹ̫˲Ϊ֨ѽһƿľţȥΪľŹϡ
ȴţڻ谵ֻھ޴Ļ̨ϰһյơԭڻ̨ϵڶ辰ҵطڵ棬ֻһ÷
Ỳڻ̨Ψһĸ߽ŵϣ˹صŪȾϡ
˵
һۻ̨ϵȾϣ˹ȥͣỲࡣǻ޵ڶӡ
ỲƳһۣȻءŶһָָԼȡ
ŴһۣŽǰŲ˰벽ľսϡ
תỲûŪȾϡ
ԣ̵תỲ˸첲ƹĺȦ˻Ⱦϡ
ձյؿƵصɫŻ̨ϵȾϣԼﲻԾ
ỲڽȾϵɫˣŽĿϡ
ĿͷһȻ֪ﲻԾˣ̨ûлֽ
ŵ̧ۣỲĿ⡣
Ỳʮصȴš
ϲȱˣš
ԶԼͯЦ
ֽ߬ȹ߬صӡӣǾµƺָ׻ˡȻһ֣Ȼͷ¡
·Լѡġ
Լѡ·ǾͲίʹͷѪҲЦߵס
¾£࣬Խĵϸӯһա
תȡ˴ڱʴӵϸʣȻתʵݸỲ⡣
ӡЦţβṴֽġ
Ỳһۣӹıʡƣʼʣ̨ϵ÷һһĻֽϡ
ǲ̿ģЩ䡣
ϵıīҲġ
ǿţŬֿ޿ײĺĥЩ
ȵѽ
ȥ棡
ԣڻĸѰ
𼸸СӵЦй˶СЩܵƺżӵ̸Ц
ŲЦԽԽˡ
̧ȥỲ⣬ϸʣרע
ӡӸһỲһʱˡ
üȥպȾϣûͣµ˼


17 ɼ
ҧỲĵȻ
ǸС̫ţ˽ɣỲΪʲôһ㶼ⱻײ
ⱻײͲأ
ԥ
ھ·ãʹỲ⡣̲סС̫ס˽ġ
ȴǲԶһ仨
ѽͷôģ
λ⻨ءȥ档
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˵ͽŲԶˡ
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и˼⡣˵˾ӡ̫Ỳ¹Źַǳ⣬⻰û˭һӵΪأ
רעӣ˳Ŀƣıʼ⡣Ȼؿڵ÷
һѸһĨ죬ƿߣٶ࿴һˡ
ֲ辰أ۵ɽ÷׵ϵ
ɫҷڲסϵ̴㡣
ﰲġ
ֻżỲ̱ʻʵϸ΢졣
棬ԼЩСӵЦֻ̫ԶǧɽˮƵġ
ųʱ䣬ֵȣ̣Сڣӡʱˡ
ϵ磬署һʱΪʺǲȻܿ硣
յ磬޴СԹʣʲôжѡôԸⵢҪļʱ
ỲüΪԼջһʲ⡣һǣһСĲˣػ
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СźĹȴ˵æԼСӱ첽߿
ŻľŹϡ˹⣬ΧһƬһͷͷỲš
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һ
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СȴͦñֱҲйỲۡ
·ߵſڱỲ˺һԷһھͳȥһûκȻѱĻ˸ˣųȥͷҲأľҲء

صĻֲ辰ػΡ
ỲŸɾѩӣҪϵգеӻûȾϣַ֡
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Ƶתۣڻ̨ϵ÷
»ػǻ÷ա

һΣһɫĳºͲ顣
ʱʰǺû뵽Ҳ
ͷС˵ǸС̫;ֶ뿪һСǼλСǴһ·ļɽͻȻܹģū澺ͳȥ
ֵĺʵ̫ˡ֣ҲҡỲ˽еͻȻͻȻ̫˹ȥţһ̫ˡ
û˵ʲôǰȥ
ǵشһɫĬĬ¯ݸů֡
ǰ棬Ѿɫ糣ˣüۼżЦ
Цϣţãû˼ʱ
ϯ亢ͯǻЦ򶺵Ҳչ¶Цա˭Ҳ쳣ʵϣѾӲˣǿš
ϣСûһȥвͥԺ֡
Ÿõ¯ڴǰϣš
СĽɵرܡ
Ⱥ˴룬ϯ׽ɹ澷Ŵ϶񣬻﹬
ص﹬鲻֪ȥæʲôˣԺｻ£ʰǷڵ
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ͷؿڣϢʼ÷ȥǰһ̣Լ㲻ܵ°ǧܡ
һȥ˺ЩȾ纮ҩǲ̿Ļ£Ȼ
һ˶µģȾϷ纮Ǿɼû뵽սûûˡ

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ãòգҲܱӻˡ
硭
⣬ؿ޺š
Ҳ֪ﻹ⣬аħ˵
ѹۼҾ׼㡣


18 ޳
һ磬վڴߣŽ쳤˲ͷ
գգ۾Ưķּ︡ɻ
ѹѿˣˡ
һֵĻͷСֵݸ֣ǣȥˡֱ߳﹬˵Ųôѹ
Ҫһۣ񿴹ȥúöˡ
ͣ½ŲС֡üãʣ֣ҲҪ𣿡
ԼС֣һָͷ̽ĸˡ
֮ǰλȺչСӵΡλҲʢǺλֻһ֮ңƫƫãһ׹¥ȥˣһŭʥձ
һ£ָͷջȥճɸСȭͷ߬ڴս
϶˶ԼĪҪЩԵӲĸĻ뻰
ϵһʱ뷴ּᶨĿ⣬ѻ˻ȥЦ˵ţ϶š϶ֵֻĻ
ͷվǣСּǰߡ
һһһһ׵ǣ֣ĬĬǰС
֣һǲĸˣĸϵͷűߵСʯӶ߿Сʯӷ·˻ѩ
죬ʲôҲû˵

뿪ûã½ݣ߽齣ȵط۾ݶ
ˣȵЩҩˡ
æҩŵһ࣬תСźСŮȥֻƫŵ̫ҽȻҴߵ߸ѯʣôˣ
ҲǸѹ
ʱǰÿηһһҲûУز˵
Ȼ֪಻ڣֻ̫ҽϹ¸
ף̫ҽҲȻյǳȣࡣ
˵ƫȥµҩ
ºʰǶǴϲ
ʰ۾ЦЩûаˣ
ʰǵЦҲ۾Сʱ򷢲۵ܶζʹĥŻһ˰ˡÿÿѹߵ˵ǵӣ㲻˽ֻһδĬĬڲʹվ
ֹһɳι࣬ϲ΢ЩɫҲ԰ˡ
ҾûãȥЪһЪòͿˡؿڡġ
֪ɵһһֱ
ºʰҲûǿȥߡ˲չˡ˵ȴǵһμײļһɽ
̫ҽѹ´Ҫྲ˵
õġ𻰡ʹ̫ҽ˵Ҳû´
ָпǰʵˣūʰԺйԽµʱ򡣺ûʲô¶ˡ
ε˴ҩβѵɡü̵˵
˹磬ЦҲãϣûдҩ֪ӡ
Ȼʣ˵ʲôʲô
ҡͷū澲֪ʱ°ҹˣǳºʰȴҲ̫ҽȥ˵ӡ˲һӣֻǿһۣ
۾û˵ʲô
ţҲ˵ˡ
ʱ˯ȥҹ˯Ҳգز´ÿŵʱһձһն
˵գѾ´΢߶
ϣش
ͷʣҪ𣿡
Űůͣϻһ˫СȣŲƨתȥ̯ϵָͷ˿ҳĬĬֹͦӲ١
Ϊ纮ֻǾɼҲ½纮Ĳϣ顣
СӴֶרע飬ûãϾͽᶪһԣ󿴿ҿ
ܵױ̨ǰط̨ϵΡһ֧ҡ˻ΣҫĿġ۾Ҳ
ӽײһĻʱľ
ɫһ£
һеĲҡˡæܵǰֱͦ£±ض
ЦЦ˵϶Сءһֱ۵ģһ¡
Ծֹ
ֻ֪ܻ֮һ̾

ֹգˣոմһһůá
ڴǰϣտ죬ָĽŴһͰ͵ӡ
²ε˵ȻůֻܳһС
۾ҪǼƵ¶񣡡
ųºʰǳ﹬Ҳû߶Զֻ﹬÷һƬһߡ
۲ۣҪҪȥǰͤЪһЪʡ
ͷ˵á
ʰһੲݣ˵ѾҪ˶þҪ̫ҽԺˡ
ģʡ
šʰǵͷ̫ҽԺɵúµһ
Ҳһ˵ڣȷЩ
һ˵Żһͤȥչɽʯ˫¹ͤӳһӳģͤõỲ⡣
Ųһ٣
Ťͷߵĳ嶯ɼȻײˣתߵĵֻӲͷƤǰߣŴ˴кߡ
ҪڣỲȴȻ̧֣ʳָڴǰʾ
⣬ȴҲӡĬƬ̣Լֻһˡӡ֡
ϸỲɫ
˱Ỳ⣬ƫƫһ߶÷ãһȤζ˵Ǻû˰̸˵ûǻɡ
ԥһ˹ȥỲʯ¡
ǸŮ˭ûУⶼˣһû㲻ʶڲ󵱲Сʯӣʵڲʹʹ˼׻ѽ
ˣС֮ûСʯˡƾʧһ㣡
ڹµƾʧ̫˾ռߣɽʯһ͵гԾƵСŮС̫࣬ҲСʯӣۡǸŮˡ
Ǽ˹ˡⶼˣԭӡҲϲŮ˵ģϡ棬ϡ棡ǰǰŮٶҪΪӡڵġŮȥС̫࣬˵˵ǾϲŮ𣿡
С̫ԾЩˡһ죬˼˵Ĺ˭ϲӡ֮ǰæŸɴ£֪ҵĺ¡ٺٺ١ǵƣӡζҪ˶ҲҪͷˡ
ϺˣǸŮӡʲôζأǲ°
аɣʱҲô¡ĬĬһ䡣
סˡڸոûתߣ
˶գ֪
͵͵ԾƵĹ˵һСʱ䲻磬͵ʰ˶ȥ
͵͵Ỳ⡣
ֵһյƣ޳ָžյƵתţûȡ
ԭҲΪ˺Ỳһ͵Щ֪ôڡ
ỲЦһ
ۼһС
ŵ̧ۣ㶿һ䣺޳ܡ
ٺݺһ飺
޳ܣ
Ỳ⽫δľյ£ڵСƿһɫСҩݸ
ΪϴγԹǶطŽСһ̣ȴɲǼӿĿζѬúȦ
۾ȥỲ⣬˵ȴɢƿµҩһһ㣬ÿࡣ
룬ͷһ˲ų
ỲȻյδľƵݵǰ˵ԼƣǱľյѾĴ
ܾ͸ȥ˼
գȴ˿ڡ
ݴĿζ˲ɢȥֻδ㡣


19 
ԭī̾յʢŵģǾơ
򴽣СĽ۴մŵһ㡰ơУȥеĿࡣ
ڼ󡣡Ỳ˻Ȼŵǰ
յ̧ۿԭлǾʻȥȥԼֵһյ
СںţȻײʱҩĲʲôˣǰаħͷӡ
ǰỲǹȥҩȻỲĶҽ
˶֪ỲڸǳϵҩͺܶһΪǿɹƭŻʵۡ
Ѳɣ涮ҽ
ⲢҪҪǣ֪ỲⲻǲǾ֮ͣԣպ⹬һǱڵĳ롣
ţҪٵһյ
ỲȻס֣ɾ޳ֱָϡ
ʱʱ¯ůġֱһȻȻ⣬˽
ҩҩֶỲƵ˵
һŵˣʯϣש̵ĵ档
žһˣʪש˫׶·ѿ
һʯˤͷȻֵǣװŵҩȴǼǳҲ˵ġҩˡˣȨȴ࿴һۡ
ʹ˲֣ؾصطϥϣֲڿս¯Ҳ󷽷ĿǰȴỲ⡣
ӡѱá
Ỳ⿴һۣͤߡ
ͤڴɽʯУɽʯȴŴƬķ۵ɽ衣ǺͶ÷ֱƵģþȫš
һ紵ɽƮҡŨķҷ
Ỳժһ֧ǳ۵ɽ裬ᡣ
Ҳ֪Ƿ۵ɽĵ޳ݣ׸ɾָųĵ֧ɽǳ
Ŀ׷Ỳ⣬ˣ⣬ỲȻתͷײɻһ֪ҪҪƿĿֻûỲѳһȻ֧ɽǰʯϡ
ֱỲԶˣϵɽüָͷŪ֧ɽĻ꣬ʲô˼ء

Ỳ˹ȥ
ΪලɶǰỲ˳Я˶ᶽְ֮ԽȺỲᶼĶ
˷Դ֣أһصģỲҲ£һˡ
µξŲΧɸ֮ء
ʮ̫Ǿһ̸ЦһӵұǺ̫Ǳŵһ㣬ǰ˿ҡ
µٲȻһص֮ء
Ŵ򿪣Ỳ⿴һĳתߡ
ӡӡŹϽƿˣһ·һȥ׷
Ҫ׷ĴŴŹ׷Ỳ⡣æЦӡյˣۼҲŸ˽ӡϲȥ˵
ʲô˵աỲ˼ֲͷ
Ϲ磬ؿ޲ؾݺءۼҲΪʥϰΣǣ¿ɼţ
ỲƳŸ϶ֻҳЩϻǷ˰ա
ŹһȴòӲͷƤ˵ȥǣӡְԵȫǣûʲôɵǵģЩĵȻӲӡķۣǵҺֿԻòͷк˻ۼҲ뾡
ŹµرģڼĹʱһЩʵְ
аǾ鷳ѷģץ˾ȥỲЦŹļ硣
ŹϵЦһӽ

⡭ĸҲð
һӹбĵؽҸ֮ʿڶࡣ
𣬳һϮλˡʵһޣ⾩бλµүֻоıء˵ҲɵҼ̷ʦ׷ڶ࣬ڶǿһ֧
ͬͻѪǴƶվʿǲȨŪİġıҪ꣬ȴûǰǿ󣬲಻Сûļ֧֣еֻһǻΪѪƾһպͲɱľӡ
Ỳ뿪ûֱӻعȥǳԡ
ǵ̷ԶԶȽļ׼ãϹϾ͹ȥ
Ỳһֽǳԣһл
ţڹðۡƺҲ
ǰôû뵽
Ỳ߽һСҧһɫĴԡ
Ҫע⣬;쵽˸ٵˡ
ỲȻЦˡ
ԭǴ⣿

ϴɱһ¶ţ
Ϊ̫ԶỲﾹһ˿
һɫӰϢس֣СǰΧġÿһ˶Сɱ֣޲һѪɱ
ỲƵسǡ
ֱҪߵСľͷǰϵѪζãŷ˽Ų
̧֣޳ָĲӣŰ߲Сǽ棬һ㡣
ŵת˸ָ¡
أǽ档
һȻͽʯǽ
ȻȻ֣ȥֽŵĴԡǴģҧһҧϸöˡ
Ỳǰߣ·ɱֽСĳζס
ҪߵʱխСΧµкɱ˲䵹£һ⡣
ỲǣȻǰʬ塣
λɱֵ֪ǺʱС顣
Ỳ˺ԶǶС˵ʬſʼѪѪûСѪζѬˡ
ȻỲѾŲˡ
˶˵Ỳɱ˲գۣѪ
⻰ȶԣҲԡ
ɱ˵ȷգۣѪû̫֪Ѫǰ
ԣҲˣȥѧа
ѧаͿ˹ŵɱˣѪȳš
ȻˣڵỲ⣬ɱˡ

ʣ΢ҲƲǶеĺͤش˺ܾã;ù澻ȥȡȲϸԹȻȥ
մͤ棬ʵ۴ǰ档ȥȻҪײ
ȻǲԸġ
ǹֹ̲ס顣
ҹ˯ʱѹ㣬˵·ʹ;λ˹ȡȥλʹůҲҪġ
ԭ⹬˵ġֱɽʯ֮ۼˡ
ʵ۽һһҴ;ļϣλӵšλֻŶǶ
ЩԪźĹˣλߵĹȴһҲޡ
ɫЩɫҰܣԼͷฮŮ裬ôܵˣ
ĵﲻֹ̣ǣС
ҧ˺ܾá˾ϣȹ첽ߡ
ıӰϵȻǡ
¡
ǻʺ󰡡˵ʺˣʵ۽λӼϵַ
лȻ˵̫ҽ˵༫ӡ檿ȥһƣ˱֮ءǴ붨ȻҪлӽ
ˣʵȻ˭ȷŻӳ漱Ҵȥˡ
˿
æ϶Ƶ¶ˣԸá
˵ϴΰڶպĴ㣬յȷͬΪŮӵĲ̡
庮ʰһɫ񣬸Ҳá
ȵؿЩܳ
ΣҲ˵ԸȥԼҲ﹬
Ȼĳֵȷûʵλʺ
ջȥûãԪĹ̫ഫ
ޡ


20 ϲ
ɫ糣Ȼϵˡ
֮ԸȥﶢšŸոսɫʵڲԣ벻ɵ¡ַԸߵŮ˵һ֪ܽĸס
£˳СϵĲдµĹΡ
ʰ̣ڻǿڣǧ벻
̧ۣºʰǶһǡ
ʲô飿ҲԸ̾һͷײ𣿡
ºʰﶼж޶ʵۡ³ĬţʰС죺ոձܿͺˡ
ǻʺ󡣼ʹǵۺ󲻺ͣһʮ嶼Ҫڻʺ󴦣ǹοʵ۱Ͳҡܽײ񣬶Ӳ
ǲһʵˡ
ʰ룬ҲλӵʱӣԼ˵ˡ
ʣϹεĴȦ
ϣϣ
Ůڹʱɸɾֺα˹ûʺݵӡ
Ը벻ԸȴҪôȡ
ǵ㲻Ըֵһᡣ̯˵ǲΪҪѰٻΪǡ
ɲѰĿİ󣬴Сͺү򽻵ˣϧ
ȻˣȷԸ
ϵĹΣɳ
С˺ǻ̫ãĽ¡ҲһֱԼСӵˣɽʥּȻ룬ʺЩʲôأ
ܲܰһӡ
ڹдЩʱգԭԻʵ۵ľ¾ǵȻ޴ˡһʵۣϵݣаֵη̵ģҲεӡ̫ࡣ
ԭһңɼƺҲûô˵ˡ
ֹĺ֮Ҫʿ࣬ôͲҲʿأ
̾Ȼ̾տδ̫ҽԺ
ҪĶ
ϥѯҪҪš
ԭѾˡ
ŰӹµҪȥиõ⣬Ȼ뵽ʲôɫ˱䣬ĬĬˣֻùʢСࡣССİ״ʢŴڵϹ࣬ζһϲġֻʢ˰룬Ҳûгꡣ
ºʰֻ޵飬ûθڡ
Ÿճȥ㵽ˡ
ǷּġʵǱߵźӳ衣֮⣬ϣʱ֧ˡ
նлˡ
˵빬ǰǼˣ裬羲ǰó衣վһԿæ˶ΪʱҲȫ̬ȡû뵽ҲԼĶ
ߣůȵĶĪЩͶʧ˼̤档
û飬
һ׻ɫеɾС˱߽ǡ
պ԰Ķ
Ĺ澽ݸʰǡ
һۣ˵ҵǼ
һֱϸɫԣųָԼŮôôˣ
ū澸ūôˡմĶҲǺɫûˡ澸æߣһȡһ½ʰǡ
ǵǼࡣϾ⹬ĸࣿ˵ѣĵطҲҪġ
Թʱ񣬳Ǽһʽ¶ȵǼȫµġԻĬϽǼµġ
ɻֻһ˲Ȼ⡣ĿοЩʲôɵ£ҽҹᣬֻϸ㣬˵˺Щӣϻûʲô衣
ʲôҪȻ֪ûѧֻʵǲòˣѧҲ̾ߣֻôȥ
һϲ͹еദΪЩοǰλĻʺǰľµģֻÿЩĥһ硣
䲻裬Խ̱Щ𣿡
һ㶣æ˵̫ˡʲôΪ
۾˵ױһ£˵ǹ軭Լġѧѧ
ӣʺҪױݵ磿룬ʵʵЩ²ʺʺ嵭ЩĻ
ȥױ̨ȥ
Լ֣һʱЩβ֪Ƿİܳ
绹Ȼ˷磬žͿʼѩ޷ʱѩ䣬ŷѩĶˡ
ѩ뿪﹬
ûãȥŵ˹ػӡعˡ
ͭױݵԼޣԸȥȡǼĶ񡣡
ת¶һųɴĽݣüһɰŮĿ
ãѾ޵Ȼ˻ȥҲûùźԼ»·ȥ
ڷڣӷ߽߱Ǽ©·޿ײƵġķѩԽԽ۾ضš
˲ӭС̫Ѳ֮ǰǸ
ӡջûã²¥¥С̫ഽݰףȥֻʮӡ
⻰һ·ģȻͰˡ
Ỳ֪
ϴһ㣬òһ¥ţŻεľһ¥ȥỲ⡣紵С΢
Ỳ¥
֮ϴһѩ£ɢǰһŷϣϥϷһᣬʱطš
ڲʱ򣬴඼¥󷭿伮ʹᣬѵ
վſڣңңĪ߬½ǣʱô׼Щš
Ỳ̧
ЩԶƹơü࿴ɫ
˵ӡҪ
ỲЦһʣﷸʲô
û𻰣ϺĶ񣬹ſڵ¼ϣȻ󻺲Ỳ߹ȥޱԼ׼ȥʲô
ÿһڰ߲ӰԽһ֡
ʱӦױ׼ôۼˣ
²ߡ
ʲôϲߣỲʡ
ߵỲǰͣϥϵǱǷһ㰫ϡȻԼȡᡣ
΢΢תỲ⣬βŵǳǳЦϲߣӡ
ỲЦ̧֣һء
Сʺ˵Щʲôȴ۾ڡỲĿϵµɨ֪ϤױݣҲ̴㡣
Ỳƣȹڡƣ̺ɫȹβ¶һСؽ֮ϵİס
ǻֽFҲ˴ãỲ⸩ֽȹק⽿С
ĿΪȹϣ۽޲ɲ˲
Ỳüã޳ȳƣкľкʳָϴöǽ䣬ɫԽĵָɾ 
Ỳʱס֡
ֻĽСԽĵָ޳
Ỳ̧̧ۣȥ۾鳤۽ްרעỲǸˣȻ£ſСʺΣɤΪǵó
Ƭ̺Ỳָöǽժˡ
Ỳⲻ⣬Ŀһ̽
δлӡҩǵѾȴһдŵãӡҪ𣿡
δңѿ
Ỳü
ǰѷ赣¿ɻήӡ

Ỳסָⴥů⣬ݵݾּ
лҡ


21 Ѫ
Сϲ, տԥ֮±ϵաΪ֪˻޳谮ıʹ겻ҲмΪ, ûжûгͷ
˹пֻܿԼʱշɳٲǰ, òѧ¸ҡ
һ¥̧ͷ¥ϵķ, и˼ֵҪʲôȾ, ֲðʧ⹬ͷһùصж, ʺߣó̷ɵҳʺ, һһ⡣˻ʺʱ, ӵҲģŻʺõġ
Ѿһʱˣٲ׼׼Ԫȥ, Ҫˡ´֣Сֹš
¥, Ỳš
öժȥַ㰫ϵĹǽ䣬˵ءỲĿ׷öǽ, µӰֱ
һӵĶԽһʵ̺ȹỲϥ, һֻ΢΢̧ߣȹ¶Ьǰ⣬һţ˵ء̺Ĵȹչѩ֮ϡ
ǲ̫ðʧˣỲĿϡ
̾ǰʧǼ.ǲҲնѩɫӣϸָϵѪۡ
ϢǵѪζʱζרעΪָģ˵ۼһˣʺʧｵۼͷϡ
ϸͼ޴ջ𣬻߻⡣
ȴֻᡰšһ˵ϲвͨȻֻ²ߡ
±ˣ
ѻ̧ȥӯӯĿ飬νԴֱ˫ѻ΢ȾϼǳĹЦ⡣˲Σݽƽ
Ȼ°ˣӲֿŮٵķӡ΢΢ʥ
Ϊ̷ñ£ֻС࣬ŸֻһյůůĻѡ˱£Ȼٲʧ̬³ָסỲ½һ㣬߬¡ǷϸС΢ɼ
Уٴεݽ٬ʣӡñܺñ»ģ
ỲⴹĿɫһ纮̶
΢΢ֱͦյøһЩĶǵͣҪлӡñζȡñ´档
ֱͦļ῿ļ磬˿Цš
ʼգỲĿδüۼƿ
һ£չŵģ
ɾɵüĵɰ䣬Ⱦ㺣ʲôĻȡãǣ۾쿪ʵʵ˵Ǿ˵ĻģҲá
һ̣ỲϥһᣬѾˡ
ӡЪҪȥϴԪȥˡǷմѪ۵ѩУ΢΢һ֣ת˲ɿ
ת¥ͷŲҲ
ΨдڱĲĽŲƮЩתĻȡ
ỲȦһ̤ľϵԶޡϵѩ¸ɾ࣬˷ǰڣµҲɢȥ
ΣỲߵǰľƿȥ
ţҲɢֻƬѩ׷̴ֹеխ·϶źĻѩŲ֣ԶѩһŲȹĺۼʯĶӹţҲñˡ
գΨխ·̴αȵĻ谵·ؽ԰ãӰ˺ڰԶˡ
Ỳ̧֡
ѩǸɵģδʪˮȻָܽϵѪȫһۼǺۼָϵ·
𣿡ỲЦһǡ㼴ۼҲ᲻á
Ỳ̴еĺڰͷƵָ

ߣ΢˫Լϡ
ηʱ̵ֻ¡
ǿųĴ侲Ȼ޴档
ԾӲͷƤԼȥ䣬ոÿһ仰ÿһٶÿһ©
ߵһ
̧Ĳѩ侲
һܽʱỲǷֹûôҪˡҪģΪ˱ܿʥ衣ҪģպݱʱỲϵ֧֡
¯ࡣ˵
ŽһԵ¯Уȡů
Ȼ﹬ԡ¡
ʰʱȹմŵѪŵðûҲҽｻ澣
ʰ׵ԪĳѾˡɫ糣صϳ𽣬ºʰһ·ظš
ʵ۲ԪǱߡ
Ԫ¹е̫ͣҽ˼ѾСҪˡԱ䵢ǱߣҪ˶þͻ
¹ãûиҪ顣Ц˵һ͡
¹Ҳ໰Ը˵ڵϸź򣬲ŹȥҲûԶֻţŷԸ
ǣһϣŻʵ۹
ֻǽȣ빬յѾͬ
빬һľսֺޡ޻ʵ޿κΣԼֻʹЩСֶβд΢ֻܽҪؼҡǧֳo
񡭡
ƽضţϥط֯ƣϷĹдҪ˾Żʵ֮󣬸δ׵϶ȻλǸúӡ̫ศǸɴѰɱΪ
նֻ̣
ֱŽϸ鲽߽ԼȻѾһʱ
˵Сӣá칫ѩ·ʹñˤˡ̫ҽԺ˶˹Ρʹ̣½ûԪˡ
ɼ̴ǡ
ݵطԸ̫ҽԺ̫ҽϸΪΣ˴µӽǴϲأġ˷͡
ܵʺ
С̫ഹţпʺǻʺ󣬺Щɲһ
Ԫºʰӭ
ɫ糣
ʰϵЦȴûס
ʰһۣʰ̷ӦһϵЦڵøЩ˵⼴֮С½Ǳ´ϲǴϲ˫ϲţ
׵ĳüۼ಻ȾһĨЦ
ҲЦˡ
˵ĺá͡Ź澷˶񣬽ִڳµСϣҷصȹ̧뿪
߽ͥԺԶԶỲվǰվǰϥ¡
һע⵽Ỳ⻻·
ϲǼɵѩ£˳ڰɫҹͦҫۡ
Ӧǰã¼ͷһѩ
ջߣֻûпĿбӵǰߡ
ʱѩ׷ɣʱѩСֻ࣬ƮŵѩĭӣɡöࡣҲɢ¶һ
﹬·ϣ๬ҺŻʶҪˡ
ҡĺͳζ
۾չЦա
ķʽʧźɬ
ҡҡͷѹȥ׼Լ롣

֮ʱҼҶʼ׼ꡣ
ǡ
ЩбʽӶ˿ԽԽ㣬ûʲô飬ʽպϹ
һ߼żĴֽһ߽Ȥ£ͼү̺ͰЦһЦ
С˼ææܽʰˡ
ײ˹ˣֹҲޣԪ
С˾ǰѹȫȻǣûУվſڣͰͣ󡢴үˡԣү;;͡ſڣ
˭ԪΪԼˡ
ϥϵ¨ӵˣ߲ʵɢءС˵Ļȴ˫Ųʹһȥ
ףһˡ


22 
Űյķѩ, վİĸۡǰѵõظּԥãȻ
Լ֡
, 
ûй
ǰһ˴˶, ֪Լ֣֪Լ, Ϊһûйˡ
Щ˲ֻԵɺϵ, ߵ˽աĿŰչʲôӡвʣƥһ, һһƾһǻѪ, Ҳ֪պͲǣۼ, γԼľӡ
֮⡣͢Ҳɵġ𡢶е
˷ȻΪ˴¡
ǰպȻ˸

ĸ, ޶
֪֡˭˲֪սñҲΪʹ޵ĳ͢ЧĽ
ǰ
սʱ, ƺҲʱ
׷ʣŵʧӰ١
ĸȰ裺½ǰȦסıֽǣ
Ҳǡ
ǵǰʱ, ѪȾ͸ԭɫҲֱ治õ½󴦣šƽ֡
, Ů̡
ԼȢްɣʹɻ飬ҲãŻŮӻΪǶ֣ӦҲǼŮӣŻᴩǼ
꣬еıԽԽ࣬ȨҲԽԽҲû׵˼ңҲͶͱˡ
ɽͷǿԽΪˣΪŷͱ
ÿÿҡʱǻ½ϵġƽ֡ȥɳǼòˣԶǵǡƽ֡
㣬ϸܡ
ֵŮӵİɣ
ʧ˹ȥļ䣬ȻóȻԵŮӡԶҡʹ⣬ҲܻŽȥˡ
ο䲻ǵˣԼ֪Ǹûģ֪Ƿ񻹻ŵŮӣһֱ

ĸڣ޶
ӱܵˡ
ðϺŷѩ꼴֮ʱյԺš
ľš֨ѽһŵС˴ŹǷֹ˭ôߵš
û˵С˿Ȼŵõ
һǰһҪˣС˼˹ƵģԼתܡ
ü˴롣
ͷŸ첲űߣ˼šʹǾþɳҲ޼ɵĽʱҲⲻ
ûã˽ŲǽŲæǳŮӡ
̧ͷѩ١
֮ңϵĽŲȴ벽Ҳá°һξһǰ߿ξˡ
ʹѾǧٻطΣ٣ϵ۾Ѹᡣ
ϣʱĪʲôһ¡
һ̣֣ң
һڣԼһ¡
÷˫סԼ죬Ѳܿص¡
ǰµŮӣʹζѸٷڡǰһȴŵһ
ѩ·ϽŲţƺÿһҪƵġ
ֻԥһ˲̴ǰȵסϵСۡ
ϵϢ͵طСϵȫһĸо̧ͷϸȥߵݡ
ӣϷ˲ȷزڣ૰㻽ųӵС֡
̧ͷԽԶһӰ˼΢ŹȣɣϷ˲иС߬ĸ½ǣС
Ϥĸо
һ̣
仹δޱȷԼ
ɿϣһǰڣڸѩ֣ع£׿ͷ
ǣӻˡ
Լ˵СۣûΣתͷصʶⲻΡ
˵һͷһѩ䰡ůͣ񣬿ȥ㸸ף
ŻعƵģææܹȥȥסڸ׿ʱѸٵͷ
Ϸ򸾶˶ԳǧҲòһշѩůЩЪ¡˻˾ͺã˻˵Ļỹкܶࡣ
ǻϲ˿ȥ׼ˮȥһϴ·
ȥĬĬ
꣬³ȴһֱʼڷһȱ
Ѿߺ۾˵⼸ÿµʱ򣬷˶үµġ
·ţľǰ߰Ѫµġƽ֡תϣ˵ȥҲǵˡ
Ϸ·Ķ΢ͣһ£˵˻ͺá
Ҽǵ㡣
һ㶣һ£תĻþȫرסеʶš
Ӳֱ£ӵŻźţһѪ黯ɶӵᡣ

һ磬Լϲ·ŵصŸ׺ĸ׳ȻǻһȥðҪõĶ
ԭʽ꣬ԼҲ˼žϲãζ
Ը׵ļ䲻̫ࡣСʱǲڼҡӡԶһӲףҲЦֻżĸ׵ʱ¶͵ӡ
ףر֣ϲ
ԹԵظĸߣЩִ١
֪Ů飬ͷ˵ȥø㸸һȽ
ãӦˣæȥȻֹ׻᲻᲻ϲëëûҵӣǣæͷקק½ǣϸСĲӣװ
˸õȽС˫ţȺŸ׺ĸȥ
۶Ǹףûע⵽ȵ׽һҩۡ
ȻˣʹĺͯǸĳˣҲᷢỲ׽ֽš
ỲƵƹȺϲĶ¥ڴǰ£¥½ֽһڡĿ׽ˣջߡ
Ҳʲô.ҩ
ָܰҩˡ
ỲƵתϵССյЩȥ꣬ˤӻûȬ
ỲⲢˣûоµľ
żһֻ۱һֻۣ
ûۣȻʱ͸һ֧
ỲֻǾҳô𣬺ܺ档
Ըȫµ˶޴
һжչ
Ỳ͵͵Цˡ
ð

ʱ֣еᣬŹ澵棬Щ
ˡ
ܲ裬һףԼ
Ҫ꣬дŵƽʣַС³ʵֻᶼһдӼ򣬺޲һһף׼𾲹
Ҳǣʵ۷ٺ»
²̣Щꡣ
֪̫һؾȣԶȲꡣֻܴӸѻˣ̫ƽ
пţй˽Ųæ˵
ʺ֣

ܵ찡ʰǽغ
ºʰǴŹ˼׷
ʰڻټüȥ׷ˡ
ȹܣƵȹ
ټʯǰŲͣȥһСˤˣǵʰں澪ûаͣҲȹԼԶǵӰȥ
ֱӰԽԽֱǰȴйǺ͹أСʱſ˫ۣ˽ֵĻ
硭
ͤڸߴ
Ỳվڷͤ˫۴Χϡ۾Զһ·ܣܵ޷ʧͯ˽ֵĻ
ỲƵתָ˽̴ľǺСǺмΧиƿһԡ
Ǵǣġ
ɽζġ
Ỳ˰ɣ
еǽָָԸȥ﹬ۼˡ


23 
һȥ, ͷۡģġҵļƬﴳ಻ᡣϳ壬ͷۡ
ֻǺȻ˲Ż, 
վʯ£ڸߴһðͷ۾
һ, ãȻġ
ļ˶µĴĥ, ԭģͦΡΰɽ
ļ, ǸȴȫȻӵġ
ûǸС׾ͱͬ࣬ССһ, Զɫ԰ףźİܴ粻ܳ䲻, ڷ֮ءչԹԵرϥڴϣȴڿű˵ʱ۾Ц
½, СЦ˵磬ޢޢˡ
, һһֵССͱ顣
ϥ, 顣
Թ뷿֮ص˽⣬ֻ˵ĽͰŴ߷ɵȸд۵Ŀ
ޢޢС
ΪһֱΪεԴ, ƽƽޢ֮꣬ͻãľսص
Ǹʱ, ÷ڼϣͰȥ֦ͷһ˫ȵ˵ޢޢ˶ޢ֮꣬αĺȥúɽ
۾ʣ𣿿𣿡
ЦųŵȻ˿ȥĵط飬ޢޢҲԡ
õĶޢ꣬ʱѼǣѾɻ飬һĺعװ
ȼ޸޵ˡ
ļ
ʶԼЩãӳֵĻ˿СŸߴĳ֡ʹ˫ӯӯʪȴԾЦСʱǸӡ
ǧתǧ˵ڵģȴֻٻһ飺磡
ŭüҲޢޢ
ص﹬˵Сʱֳ࣬ȥЩɺá˵һжãЦŵͷ׷ʡ
࣬ڹȥûн̫࣬Ҳûν˹Σʵֻ塣
ѾˡԲҽѵ뾩ԲˣҲ˼ԶԲտտԲ²ȻûԲôྭ飬ȴҲҽ˵á˵Ҫ̫ҽԺˡ
˵ȥֲ˾䣺Щˡ
ǣ˼Ƕծи绹Ұǡ
֪Բ˴ΪֶԼо֮ԼҶضˡǾԼЩ긶ʵ̫࣬˼ָмǷ֮⡣
ʱϺȻ
ϲдҵǵһˡ
ԱдõĴվſ̽ͷȥգգۣеԥ
϶ϺǾ˾ˡ
գ۾ش
ֶͣǶ϶
ɨһۣʮ䵭ءšһ
Ͼؾ˾˲ϲҲ˾ˣֻСһſҵתߣͷҲءСͦñֱ
ϲͲϲ¡
ҲûϲŲϡ˵ϲҲϲ˾ˣ
ԶķתͷԼֳԼµ˼ֳϲϵԭЩʲôû˵ǣѾվҪȥݼʵۡ
Ӧȼʵ۵ġ
ȥ
ʶ˵ܴúôţһͷüӳŷӦޢޢѾˣЩȻص˵ͷ

ֻͬԪȴ׼ȥֻƫԺ
Ԫڣʵϣ˵ȸ߸̧ڰϣһŮűߣظȡ
ԶԶʵۣʶ̧ȥص
Ȼʱѽ˱С
ַ£۾ŵڡ̷ĹŮһµĻū׹˳һȥϥһ̬ÿһֶǳԶһһĸ֡
˾Ϥˡ
Ȼǰĸıʱһֵܸ̾һ䣺ɱʵۣȳṷ
ˣಡ齶꣬念ǧؾһǻҾѪٱЧ͢
ʵ񣬴׵ŭ
ʵ۴Цֿ
ˣ޵Ĵ󽫾ˡ룡д񽫹ﻹʲô֮
ޡȻо񣬽յȭ£ս
ǫˣǫˣӼ𡭡ʵ˵ٸԭְȴƺӦʹỲ׵
Ͻְ˭ţҲ

ƫﵣšֲ֪çײˣɻ̲סǡ
ƫĴȥһ
鷿ĴţỲڴǰۡ۶Ҳ֪Ƕ˼ա
Ҳϸֻɨһִۣ¼֡
ĿỲ
һֱϣỲüãûаֹµı΢ģǲ˵˭Ҳ͵ȲȱĻˡɷǡݵȵȿŵ֮ʷϣòҲǵġ
ҪȻμʱҲ㱽ϳɾߵˡ
ݵطĸϵۣʾܾ˵
˴ԶỲ⣬ѰֵĽϸе֮ˡ
Ỳձʵָϡ
һԼ˼ݵʹæĿջЩҿỲ֡Žǰĵطãؼ룬һգ᲻ᡭ
ҲƿߵɲǣỲתͷƵ˱ʣЦһ
ĽŲæӭȥ
磿ϸɫСĴĦ
Ŀʱϵı˲żЦ˵ˣҲҪչ˺Լ绹£ͬ﹬ˡ
áԹԵӦ
꣬ᷢܶ飬ҲὫһ˸ı䲻١ʶ绹Ǹ磬ȴҲȫǸˡ
·﹬෴ķûкͬԪһҴҵسȥˡ
˹ţеС̫羴غš˫ĵ
˵ﳤȥ
紵ӡŴãڸͣ£ס֣תԶΡĻʹ
ǰǣЧ
ԮʱЧҵĵΪֺñĺˣҪ׳ʺ󣬻ʺʣ׹ڸǽ
ھһγʹ顣
֪ܡãˣʵУޢޢݻУ
ȵбҲۡ֡ɽǸʲôã
յֲ˲
һ̣صʣݺݴ̽ɽУû룬Ϣ

﹬İ·ϾͿڵŨ̡
﹬ˣ˼棬з磬ԽԽѬﻹȱ𿿵̫ˣ
æ׷ʣˣ
ģǴ˵Ŀⷿģûˡ
˿Ը˻˵ġ
̲סɣ﹬ô𣿰˵дֵף˻ϸŶԡ
վ·ߣԶỤ̃ü
û·Ե̫ãй̫
﹬Ļһʱ˲𣬼ʹˣҲաݰᵽ¹
˰ЧʼߣʱѾ¹ϴЪ¹޵ˡ
ɣܾﲻԾ
޵
ߵβĲżǰȻ̧ơ
һų
и²⡣
ԥƬ̣Ų߽źİãŵ̴㡣
̴ԽԽŨ
ڹд̴ĵطֻһ


24 ů
, ҲĵģֻԼͲĽŲʵе}ˡ
ҪȥģҪȻ, ù··ɭɭģҲ֪ͨȥٶˣС˵
飬ŵ̴ζ𣿡Լ, òȷϡ
㶣ϸȥ, Ȼŵ̴ѵͷǣ̴ζ
ҲǸġȻҲԼµʲô
վԭ, Ĭš
ȥ˼
ǰ·ͨͷĵط, ֪̲֪ڣ̴ζ޿ײ롣ԥһС, ǰߡ
Ӱӭҹ۾, ɽӳ߲¥
ǰʱߵš
δӰ֮󣬴һƬ̴, ǵ̵ţǲϽǲš
С̫˳վº, ߽ϹϾΪƿšȻЦŶԲ˵, ҹﺮˡȥ䰲Ъǡ
Ъ
Ųͣһ£̧ǰߡż, ԼﲻԾǰߣ̤ľʱŻȻ
һ¥ʼŰ׺Ƥ̺ǽҲոµĻַ̺̌ǽڣ̺Ľȡ
˿̼ţů㡣
ʮĲ˻
ů紺
վ¥ϣŻŵĻһżǰߡ
¥ỲӳϵӰƿţȴû̽ȥֻվſԶ
Ỳʯִ̫֮֡Ӧ¶ȣµδģŲѩɫ̺֮ϡ
ʯԵǸ޴ײˣһֻͯߵ֬ţڼڻƵĵƹ·ر⡣
ԾؽĿỲձʵָϡ
Ỳһſڵ˻ǼȲҲ˵ȿڣմ𣿡
ü۾С˵ۡ
ʲôѾˣȴһ顣
š΢΢һ
Ỳ̧̧ۣƳһſڵջ߼д֣ӲۼҵҴҲǾȡ
㣡ҧѿʼ˺졣
գȴƫƫ˵ĻԼϷ̣ԸⱻỲ⿴ӡæתŵӰ
ỲȻ±ʣߵſڡ°ͣתСֿͻȻһ£żϡ
Ỳվڣվ⡣
ϣ˿ӣỲƫƫϲˡϸȤζؿ΢΢쵽͸
˵ۼҺʧﾹǸõġ
ʱԶˣ
˭˵ҪΪۼҿů齣ֻһζۼźˣỲ°͵ָȣתĦࡣ
ȻſԼָ͵ǰ˫ָ
ľٶΣŵһӲ˵ҹ¶أӡЩЪ
԰գתߡŲ٣Ķӡ֮ǽŲ죬ȻС
ˣỲЩزȥԶȥĽŲֹңͳӲˣǡ
Ỳת߻ʯ֮ʣһдꡣ
̫ʼŵĺīһԣѩ׵ֽȾ
ѩֽϣд˶һޢ֡

գڴ£ָϥںСʱĸָ׺͸ѣĽҲΪ׺͸ЩʲôֻǸʱֻ̫һ۰ͰͿš
ڸˣҲãڿΪЩˡ
Ĺʼţϲþϡ
רķ˴磬澹ϸȲ裬ЪЪ֣ůĻȡ
϶ûʡ
ʱ϶ܹд֡
ûϵءһһȥĻϥ
ԭֻһӣףеᵽǳƺС¡Ҳ˻ӡѾˡµĻδȡͱС¡򱻻»ϵˡ
תеĻ裬Щš
ó粻ϲϣǸ۵ĺӡԭȫĸ϶ǻŸ˽Ȩţ϶Ǵ
Ǹ粻ϲϡ
ûйȥʸȥľŸͦεˣԼʶȥļӦûзſĵ
Ӳɹ
ʿڶ࣬Ǹأ벻ԼƵۣ
˼ţʰǽŲæܽ
Сˤȣ
һŵĻˣĲˮʪȹӡ

ỲڷͤȡŸϵ
ŲҴҵظϹӡˤȡ
ỲѶţָָֽ仯Ϊҽʣôˤģ
ڲ顭
Ỳ⿴һۡ
̽ŵͷøţỲЦһ͵͵ȥỲɫ
Ỳ⽫ִΧϣţtɽӣ˵Ҫʺӿۼͷϡ
Թɫϸֱ棬ȴỲⲢûвˣ鲻
Ỳûв´
ĵϺĽףϸѯ̫ҽֱ̫ҽ˵ֻ˽ţȷ˵ˣû˵ͷ΢Щ
Ϻضϵı飬ʱŤ
ôôСѽʡ
ϾŸϵСӣֹʱˤһ¡
ٲ׼ææֽһ䣺ǰ涼ûˤβСģ
ֻǸ
ƫƫС³ú
⣬˭ģ

ʱֽţ᲻̫Щ
ǡỲأ
ֻǸŮСµǻǲǸòٿأ
ֻߣǸأ
ȷϵˤǲ⣬Ϊȷò롣Դ˹ûһղı˼ѳ˹ԡ
ͷһˮӸϲ߳
ˣˣҲɡ˸磬ƾֿСʱǣ¶Ƹ硣һգ಻ǰȥỲ⡭
ôϲ侲ˡ
СˣôԶڼ˺Ѱӻأ
ˣʹûб˵ͣҲٸ˲ս
οѾỲˡ
£ҲҪЩ˼̿ġ
Ҫ𣿡ͷض۾
ͷ˵ѽ϶ˣĸء
գգۣգգۡ
϶ҪԼ֪𣿡
һصͷССָͷȥűϵ˫ͼ
ҹٴСƿżܣڵİߵüᶨֳȡԼʶⲻһҲһ߹
̤ƿǰš
Ỳʯ֮һһڶһֻڰţڼϡ
Ỳ˺ܶ࣬յȴࡣǿϡ꣬ţ꣬СţڼϼֵǣҲտĵỲ⡣
ϸ壬֮»
ߵỲǰڣ˵ԶţŵΪӡů齡
Ỳûһۡ
Ỳִŵϣҧҧ˵ãȴϸΪӡů֡
Ỳǿ̧ۡ
ηȴһؼ͵ȹӡ
Ỳؿī̵ϵһ˲ţ̧̧ۣȥ
ỲСʺѵÿɹıǣ˾Ťί󷽷Цš
Ỳָָ̧֣¥ϡ


25 ˿
̧˫, ΢΢̵ϡԳԼով˵Ļɣ߳ܵˣЩʲô
ͷ, Լֵ͵ڣؿ΢̧̧, ˫ֽѹšȻŴ¥ݡ
¥¿ȣỲݾԵխࡣڳҲʮּ򵥡
°һųľ, Ҳû̡һǽһŵ˫³ӵзԵֻһѣûжһ, Ỳⲻ˽
ĴҲѰҲʲôİβⴲ, ҲûСصǽࡣ
򵥵ĲȨ˾ӡ̫ס
˹ȥڴ²ŷ쳣ƿһ, ѰĴһ񴲡
ָϣ, ̶ЦԼǰһ̻ª˵ϵϼѡǿû֯ɫ죬£ȻǽĽõӡ
ƫڴ, һûȵ¥ĽŲ΢ԥһ£ȥõıӡ
⻹ͷһ̴ʵЩ, Žƽ̺ãҲġ
ſڵķһۣû¥춯
ݲܿ, ֻů齡
ЬӣһŲڵѹϵıỲϵζ
̴㡣
һּǳǳζ, ģڱᵽϢ
һڴϣݶһ붫߰ģһһƬޡ
ȥãշŲ˲ֽ
ỲŽƳһ۴ϵˡ
תͷỲ߽
Ҫʲô
ỲߵǰʱƿŬһƽºʰôģỲʱȴŵѩɫ£ѾϴҪſˡ
ůˣỲ΢ʳָָͷ
ͷŷӦһŲȥڴ࣬Ỳ⶯Ȼ齡
ˣͬ齾ĪŵҪҲΪʲô
գԼûгϢ
ֹԼûʹ˼Ƶĺ츳װһʱװһ
Ỳûٴ
ȷе˵ʱѰʲôڽСʺӳȥˣȻӦ˯ʱлˡ
ҪСʺů괲ˣȴO@춯
ϰһֳڴϣСֽỲһ෭˽ǵı·ѾСģؿī̵ϵǴỲϡ
ỲĬš
Ȼʵ̫ˣŵԼЩִٵؼȥӡĶỲϵ˿ϵḧ
ǣỲҧס˿һ
ŵĽỬȹҲŻȥ
Ķסһ̣װʲô鶼ûзǵҲƽȻֱĬĬתڴ£Լ֡
ֻһ
ð
ҧ˼ҪʲôЩ𣿲Ҫ˰ɣֻźţЩãȻỲ⡭˰ѰӶûԹ⡭Ͷͱǰʱ̵ֽĶҲɲóˡ
ҹ
ʼһӽġ
İĴ齣ηˣܰߡ
ʱ쳣Ѱ
ʼû˯⡣ỲȻܾŻˣҲ޷˯ǣ֧ϰסļ򣬽Ӱ
նһ̣ˣţŽߵỲ⡣ţ֪Ҫʲô
һ̣ỲƸ˫ɴ۾ϡĴָָ״üѹѹ
ʮֻգ۾۽ḧỲġ
Ȼ۾˯ˡ

ѹʱ򣬺ãȻ
ݶһ͵תͷһˣ˿
ߴӴֽʶʱˡҴȹġֿһѾ˵Ĵ࣬ŴҴ·С¥ȥ¥ҲûỲӰֻǻµš
һ۸߸ߵĳԽӿ˽Ų¹ϹҲʱ⣬˲飬ûи߱ˡ
ºʰǶҪˡ
ʰǼҪȥѰˣǳ¼ҲŲˣŽʰסӲͷƤҪٵȵȡ
ȿݳºʰ˲˿Ȼʰһʹתͷȥ죺вˡ
ˡ
µһۣæ£һϾ͹ˡʰǻǽϵ¾ݡ
ôˣȻţʡ
Ǳֱŵġ
ף˼ʱϻᷢ߸ŵȺҲῴ
Ȼ̾˿
ʰҲˣæ˵ŶﰮԵģ
Լüģתȥϴ£ȻùţȻȥϡҲҪҲ֪ǲʲô顣ʹûʲô¶һˣҲùȥСӡ
߻ûߵסӭ½Ů
Ůͣ·á
ЩеĹϧĿһһɨȴΪǸŮپúϤ
ǰˣźȻոǸŮòʮС̫ѯʡ
λةСŮҲǾáǱյλһ˷šǾˡ

Ȼͽͬһţ
Ȼµûš
ʵʧ˸ŮˣͽҪקʲôë
˽һԶȥķߣջߡŽո빬̫࣬Ҫȥʺһ˲ǡ

ǹϡϵʱҲվߵỲ⡣
վſڣŸ˶ǺӣȻͽҲҲǡ
ĸϿ߸߽һܰȣһܵǰ
ֻ鷿Ǻӷǰİǡһд֡ϻ̫Сϵֲ࣬дҲÿԣỲġ֣øۡ
Ỳڽд֣
ȥ£㲻Ľ
ĸȥʡ
λش𣬺Ỳ⿪ڡ
һ粻޹ȥˣ
Ͼָһ飺ȥѽ
ỲһַɿջߡǺӣһǣ˫۾ע£Ƶذֽ̰׵ǿŽԡ
գգۣҲԡ
̧Ỳ⣬ѰؿڣӡУп϶ָ㹦Ρ
Ỳ⡰šһˣ¶¸
һһλó
ϿֿỲ⣬ٿǺǿ顣
һŹ˫¼õĻܽڼϡǴȵհϵĻ
Ỳ̧̧֣ŻƿĹͣ״ɻƿɫΪŨޥǰǺϡȻתߡ
ãȻǰޥɺס
ӡɽˡ
ỲתȻ˵ʲô
ü
ϴ֧ɽ豻ȥڻƿúšûɽáֱ֧ɽήˣûỲݸ֧ɽʲô˼
ɽ⻹û³ǰֶһ֧ޥ
Ỳüģת˲׹һ뵽Լַ֧ɽ裬СʺϹĥãʱãЦų鷿
Ծɾüġ
ÿϲֽǿţÿĸÿ
գգۣٿ򰲾ǰޥһζ
Ỳߵ鷿⣬ָô
һ̧ͷ
ƼۼҵĹǽ𣿡ỲȾЦ
ö׷Ĺǽ䣬Ⱑ


26 
ǽ䣿
öǽϾժ, ʱöǽԥһŽժˣȻӡġϵÿһĻ, ǵ
Ỳöǽ䱻ժ֮ǰϣȻ˵أȻûʲôӡˡ

ɼʹỲһʱҲ, ǹǽҲһùһҲˣȻ˵⻰ʲô˼ܻܲ͵ȥ
Ȼ, ỲⲢûн͵˼üʼ䣬뿪ˡ
, дһѽСǰ˻Σĸĸ
Żع, ˱ʸʾ
ߣһһϰд֡ſ, ̲סȥĦỲǰǻ֮⡣Ѿţһȥ֮˿ⷿ, ѰһѰûƵĹǽȥỲ⡣
ʼרĵ϶顣һ磬һùţҪЪ, ׼뿪
ĸ컹𣿡ڴϣСִӱ̽ȥ½ǡ
աҲҪ϶ġ
ЦˡŴ˸ĹǷ, ԹԱ۾ȥ˯˯δߵʱԺĥšԺôѽȥĸ᲻᲻Ҳ
, СԹϹĥһȻ˯ˡ
Ѿ뿪ˣ߽ҴҴǡϺȻ۾, غֱ
һڴ£ر˱
ССֵֽĴָ߬۾˵еܵˡ
ȻĵЦ
ֱҲȰЦ
ֺܿЦСüͷֵ߬ʾֿЩֱֶָСС˵϶ûãûаˤϡ
Ŀɬֳѹôʣ϶۲ۣ
ô᲻أĽ׵ôС
ʹҡҡͷһ˵˵˵ң
ãȻˡ
ֻ˽ţĸͺ۾˵ۡİˤˣ᲻ޱѽરવؿޣ
ĸ˵ҪԼء
ĸ֪ˤģ᲻Ҳϲˣ
ӣȻ۾һˮ
϶Ҫ˯ˣ˸뱻ֿ۾
ã̾һ

Դ鷢֮󣬽̫ؾ֮һֱشδţҲüҶϸѲߡҹ£Ȼ˶֡
ǻʵټǲò߳˹
ǻӣСʳ˹ݵس󡣽ͽһĸͬĸһͬɶǻʱͬڽϵӹµޱûٵȵۿޡĵ˵һ
ȵۺȻݱлӴ˸ֲû뵽ǻľǡ
ϵĻʵԼһĸֳͬΣѷħѲ֪ƶ
̾˿
ʺķߴǰ澭û˼ѣܵһԼɽŷ߹վڼɽ֮Ŀͻʺķߡ߲ϡ
ڱʱǼġֻǱʱỲˣʺҲңԶûϸʺģ
һ
ֱ뿪ˣŶߵĸС˵ֵ޸ǳ˶£˹С
ĸС˸˽꣬Žϵıӵ˼ϡһѹүλǻʺ󡣡
ЦһֲûԼĻʺ͹
Сﰵһˡ񾳿ɲŮ˵ʱҵĵϣʵͳԪʺǱ˱ŵģʲôûʵͻʺ󰡣
⻰ĸ˵
˵ӣŸɵȷͬӱ׿֮ˡɲбµĻûµģǹĲбͺɫһޡ

¹Ҳ˯һ˵ˣʱ䣬ʱ룬ŹźİȥͻСȡֻһʱҲ͹ˡ
ߵſڣỲ϶ʱ˺ð졣
ôⰡƹ˾ࡣŶöƹˣӦʮæµŶԣ
ĸ϶Ϊ㲻ˣϰ
Ϲĥţȴһ㲻Եػ߽ȥ
˽Թ
Ỳףٵһ𰲡
ɡҲȥỲ⣬Ȼ¡ɨһϵϸͽĽ١ʱֵ꣬ؽĶ⼸ȥǽոͽġ֮ǰйס¹Щ
ѯ˯ÿɺãȻתỲ⣬ɫ糣ؿڣӡԹͽٵģ
Ỳ۾һװźӣƵؿڣǡЩϵ¿ζ
һ˵ţһ߲ذеӡ
˵ˣһ㣬ҲȥϸỲĴǲǷܵķϻѾתٿˡ
ɵո˵Ĺ𣿡ͷỲ⡣
Ȼ֮ǰỲ⽲¡
ȻỲ⽫аõӷǰİ״ϡ
Ȼأϼ׷ʡ
Ỳ㽫ոûĹ¼ȥһ߽ţһһӣƵذšɫƤɾָ˿һƤ֣¶⡣
Աߣ䣬ָ¹ΪĹ¡
ü̲סֿʼĥỲΪʲôҪϽ¡һỲúƵؽţֿõӷڰ״Уһ˹ذš
˵Ĵǣȴ˹ٽ˾ӴٹٽԾԸߣҲỲȻס˿ڣаӵĶҲͣ¡
ɻ̧Ҳ
ʣΪһֱۼҵ֣
УȻΣȴֻǺҪӣ˵㡢㡭
һҪ๬ˣԼʧǣʹҲ֪ǽŻţȴ׼Լ¶ߣѰؿڣð飬ӡ
ŭףǼΪ½ӶãȻӡ
СŮæ첽߹ͷʼ١
Ỳ⽫аõƵתһȦһȦŷڰ״Ҳٰˡ̧̧֣ӹС̫ݹѩӣϸϸָմȾ֭
ͷջ˻ȴȻ˵ɵָóŶ
Ỳ⿴һԼ֣Īصһ䣺𣿡
ľߣվҪȥỲָỲ⽫ֵݸСȥ棬Ŀȴϡ
ͷϰõӣûȥỲ⡣ɼʹû̧ͷҲ֪Ỳڿ
ʱỲӦǸʲô顣
ۡϾڿĳ߶ȣĳӡ
ۼһ£͵ˡỲףϵѩӣһ߲һߡ
˶ûע⵽ỲıӰһۡ
ղǻʵټỲҪỲðеˣ뻻ʵˡ
ô̫Сˣû˼
һӣ͸Сˡ
ΪỲҪǿܻʵۡ
ԲٿسȤǸϲСʵ̫Сû豩񰡡
ǣͽĿ˻ʵۻŵļֵϡ
ҹĻĺϺԥþýҪҪȥ
Ҳû˵ȥ
ǾͲȥ˰ɣ
ϴһ»ص޵ᣣȴỲɢɿͷ
һ
䴫µ
û¡Ͻ˵
Ỳ̧֣һС˵ۡ
˵ѡỲ𣬡ۼҸ﷭úõء


27 
ôԭء
Ỳ仰ľ, Ȼǹ𾪡
ϡ˯֮󶼷ʲô
Ȼ㶵ģỲáɫ糣ҲϷ, һ˵ۼֻԴҩ
ĽŲʹỲѹǾỲþ, ˶ҪƵģ
ǣ, ۼҾԽΪ
ʰǺͳ˵˲䷴Ӧ, ȥỲ졣Ỳ۾ӯӯ, ŵɫһʱ˵ǰǾ档Ķ, ϴɵĳ¶ĺζ
Ỳߵ۾, ĽµؽĳҴҴָĶƵعι
Ъʰʡ
մҳ, ӦǻûЪµġһ߻ػһԶˡ
˲֣Ȼ´, ڴϵˡתȥڴǰ
ʰǡС澡
Сһһȥ鿴ݵĴɶ, һȥֵ̿ơ
ʰǶŵˮȥҪͷСϵˮһҹδػˮˮȴҪ籸õġ
֪ʰҪȥˮ, ᶯ齣ǲɴ˴ӣԼڵһ¡
ʰǺŮЩ飬Ŀ뿪Ŀ׷ǵıӰȴʰߵſڵʱȻŲͣ
ˣʰת첽߹
üʰý˷ֶߣֻøϿǰӭƣɫʣʲô£
ɵ˶俹ǲҪǰ׼Сѽū澰ŹԼŰ죬ЩķԸ
ŮǵȷǸø׼СЩüģԼԵøЩ˵һ롣˵
ʰǼˣҲٶϥһȥغá
˿
תײỲšʱûȻ
Ỳ⣡·ûģ
澵ӰӳڴϡҾڸڣոմ˻ǱʰȻ룬ԿӰô˻᲻ῴỲӰأ
ʶһ㣬æקסỲ䣬ȥỲ˳ڴ¡һڴϣһţȥᣡ
ص˫㴲᣷׷׽䣬ڵĹ߽
ۼҵ飬ԼҲԸ֪
ᣵֶ˶١
Ƕһ˰һ˺ˣͦѿġỲﲻģҲʲô
ָ̧֣Ϊᣬϵ£Ƶɢĳ
ָڷķ϶Ửļǣһζʲôм
ỲһΪᵽβʱת£ǿѹĽź;£ǻʺȻٿ֪
ǲʺˣ뻻ʵˡţỲͷһڴǰζ㡣
ԼһһỲ߽һ壬һʱ
һֱĶǽỲϵǻԼΪ̫󡣾δ뵽Ỳ˵ǰߡ
˵ǰߣһʱҲ֪Ǻûǻ
ʺ󣿻뿪͢϶ҲߣٹܻȨĹĶǡˣȻҪߵỲ⡣ȱֶ飬û˻ʺݣҪ˶ܻҲѰ
ǡǡ
谵Ĵǰ˲両ֺܶӻ档ӽǧһ·աʹ뾩ˣҲ١
жʢӵİ̫ƽؼһѵֻϵĻ𣿣
Ỳ⽫ĳָϣһȦһȦ
϶ϲӡ谵У̽ʡ
Ỳͣ˶ָϵڷɢ䡣ζ˵ðǿϧɶ̫ˡ
ŬĥһỲ仰⣬ȴҲһʱûס
ΪһֱûŪỲĿġ
Լʶȥ˽Ỳ⡣¶üޡ
ӡȥòãȥỲţգ˶֪֮ǰ
ˣỲЦˡ
СʺóĳԽԽ˼ˡѵΪЩ
£ʲôģ
վߵżԣƶ˰Ȼ󰲾վڰŴȴšֱỲ˿
Ỳɨһϵ£ϵ磬ϡ
Ỳһ߽ͬû߶ãȻһ⡭
֮ǰŲȥʱ򣬲ִһյơյֲָİȻӰ谵ɵָ·
ڣûдŲ飬Լ£ỲҲûõơ
ڵİäһ㣬ʲôҲŬ䣬Ҳֻǵⰵһֱֱһ·һⰵ㲻ֱˡ
һⰵʱϸ۲ⰵںЩӣû߹ûƣɰҲ࣬ӿݵġ
ʲôһǳһߵÿĿİ
ߵĽŲȴݵúܣòỲ˫۾Ӧڰˣʱûִơ
ٴϥһȽһûվأʲôĶ֣һ˲佫ȥ
Ϊ߰ʲôġ
ȻʶոỲ֡
תͷỲķһƬĿֻܿ
ỲѽС۵ݹȥãȴû뵽СʺȫȻûȥֱ֣˹Ƶ˦
ǡĪ£ⰵûйỲŵЦǳЦڰ͵ǻš
Ỳȥǣ֡
סУỲЩйĴֱָȻַһֻ΢΢̧ߵСϣ
ҵȵϹӣסСۡխϣָŵȴ΢ĴŲŲδš
ڰƾ̣Ҳߵðȡ
߳һӭ洵ĳ磬ɿỲ⣬һͷһǰߡ
ԶӰ̾ȵỲ̴߳ɫ谵̿ݡҷѰ£Ҳδ졣ûб׼ݵĺۼ
ϲȴһۿϳỲ⡣ʹٺڣҲܴӰӡĽŲϳ
̿ỲߵŮˣΪ紵ҵͷ
ԭġš
µ˶֪ߡǹټŮ˹°ˮ©˾Ů١
ԣʵ۽͸ỲʱһٸԸġΪɫ˵ĹֲΪūĹ澣ŮٰƾԼı³ԷˡԸȥ̷ȱˣ
ỲⲻҪ
һԥûеؾܾˡ
е˾ȿϣ֪Լ˸ӿϣ֮󣬷ġ
ǰǸׯܵŮ١
˺ȴԾȥעỲ⡣
еüɽ©ˮǹԷ𡪡ӡŮˡ
ġ
߽ӰȥǸǸʲôŮˡ

һΣỲȥ¥һ䷿
һϴĥʯߣЩỲ⣬ʣӡҪĥһöָ㲻ɣ
֪񣿡
ס
֪ȴ˵֪
ô̵ġɱ
֪ҧ
ỲߵǰָеļϺϣ˵һϲġ
飬ָһ顣
һɡỲɨĴСﲻ𣿡


28 ̽
, ХıŹǽϴϡôķɫףӻβš
Ỳ˹ŷϴĥߡȻתͷ, ˵ĪҶϻ˳Ĳȡ
治ٶ, š
ԺйȻǿȡĳȡô죿ָ̫ҽԺȺ̫ҽһȫϹȻ󡭡
ҧҧ, ίȥ
޺޵Ỳ׼ĥıӰδ˵ĬĬ˾䣺̫ࡣ
ԭ˵ȷ滺Щߺޡ
ĬĬȥ̫ࡢ̫ࡢ̫ࡢ̫࡭㡢϶, ҲƤĽж˿顭
˵ӡ
ôá

ǿŴϸ壬ɫŨ, Ỳ޳İָ䣬ԽԵī̿
תͷ뿴һ㶼뿴ǿʯͷ
ȹ, ߡ
ȥỲʻʱĿаĺ, š
ů齣ҧгݡ
ͷҲص¥ȥˣľݲȵصŵ졣һ¥ݣվӵһһ, ȥйһ㳶õıӸ̺, Լݶ
űᣬ», Ҳ˱ֻ˳ĳɫı¶Щ
Ȼ˯ŵġԼڱ˼˺һͨ, ˺ҹԼϢҲԵʱֻԼƿҪˣվ⣬˯˹ȥ
û˯á
ʱƿӲ鿴ԼȹԾģתͷ򴲲ࡣһˣڵĵط
Ỳһҹû
ڴϴһŲ´¥ȥߵ¥Ỳ¥
Ǹ˳С̫
ͣ˽Ųվڵ¥档
Ỳ⿴һ۱ջߣȥʯĺȡһ˳ꡣ˳ϹϾؽӹֽŲ¥ȥˡ
ֻԶԶһƳŷϵʶĺ֡һ£ĥһỲѵͺ˻нǸش֡κԼʶ֡
ֽĿỲָϡ
ǿ鱻ĺѱһö䣬Ỳʳָϡ
Լٶ࿴һۣϾҪա
ۼû˵ﵱϲۼҵһֱơỲ⻺߹΢΢̧¥ϵһҹĥĽָʣΣ
㡢Ҫüҡҡһöòã
ỲȾЦ⡣
̧֣Ī;ҪǳᡣҲ֪ԼʶؾͳỲȥ
ʹỲû㣬Ŀȣ¥ᡣỲֱ̧ۣײµ˯ʱѹĳ
ﵱġƵġ
ǿԼԼỲƽȥȥʲôָˡŬתƻ⡣
Ỳ⻳˿¥ݷϣʣӡϵôŪģ
ͷỲĽһ˰̡ԴӲ˻һƬů⣬ỲӦ¶ȣ಻ģʱ̺ϡԣϵİ̺۾Եúԡ
μỲϵİʱɻʲô
ԣỲͷһۣ˵Ŷ϶ۼѧҽѧ̫ͽۼҵĽŽϣͿ˶ҩġֻڶǰԼҽãҪȻͳӡ
Ѱ˵ѰС¡
ü˵϶ô
Ỳ̧̧ۣʳָָѹĴϣ˵ֻۼƺ϶˲
û˸ոյѰ˼
һȴһƣ߾ʳָϵĺϡȻţһ¥ݣܿỲ֡
ӡôҲˣʡ
Ỳȥҩ
ҪʲôỲǶǡ
СشỲɫ̽ʣӡġ𣿡
ǡỲЦһϿһ󲽣˲˵ľ롣סĺ󾱣ൽԼǰʺ󰡣ۼ˵ϻػǴأ
һӲµ϶ǿϻ۰ɡ
ֱ˵Եô˰ɣ
ȴһ㶼ţỲ۾˵ӡ뱾֪㲻˵ǰ̵
Ỳһ£֣ۼҵȷô
˫˵㲻㱾֪ӡһܣ
ʲôܡỲЦ
ǳ˱ɻ֪׷ʡ
Ỳ۾һ£ŵ񣬵ȷ޻֪
ǣ㿴ǰСʺЦӶˡ
ٲȥҪǿˡỲȻɫãȻֽһ䣺տǹ밲ӡ
ϵЦһŲҴҵԽỲ⣬ȹС뿪
ỲתıӰĴָָʳָϵĺƵزתһȦ
ܳţּתܻﻷһȦȥſںľ߽ϵİơ
ỲЦһĹһ¥š
ŰѵƷŻȥת¥
ΣỲߵǰľƿңŮ̴̧߽֡ߣת̴ӳΡ빬
˶˵ỲաʮУͷûȥ̽ĵףɶһ
ȷỲǰֽԼĹȥĨøɸɾģ޷̽顣
ⶼˣȻû֪ҪʲôǣⶼһȺʲôﰡ
û˼
ڴ̨ϣ˷̴ζ
Сʺ̽ԺỲЦЦڰҪ̽ĵˡ
Сʺɱۼʧ
ۼҿɶء

¹ʱѾˡ
˵ÿնҪ밲岻ãǰһһΣˡΪ½һŮȴһҪݼġ
ºʰдϸ澰ϸͲˮ
ȵʺѰЩǶ˺þúþãʺӰȻ˵ǻʺҪǰڰǵȵʱʵ̫̫ˣõ
ʰǺǽǳƲ̫ҽ˿ô죿
ϥǹʺǰһ󲡣컹δʱͷ̡ʺʴȣ캮֪ԼǾɼ̫ҽðźֻù澰ǰķһҩҩЩֻҩߵĳɷ֣ڻδ
ɿڡ
ʺˡ
궬յ캮ҲǿСڽϵĻʺˡҪ˵ﻹ̫ҽƲס
ʺƣҵȶԸ尲
½ڣЩԼԸ念˵ǡ
ɵҪ˵˵ǡǾһ˵˵ѽɣշӺǺÿ´İɣ
۹⡣ӣ¥³ء
Ů̸·Ǿͺ˻ϻӣô˵ꡣ
˵һȥԽ
ողû岻Ϊɣλȥǽ½ɣû˾ͻȥпҪۡ¶ʵǰƺ
ۿŰĲˮ˵ףҪԸһϸͲˮ
岻ʣλǾõˡ߽ѻױ̽˫ﲽҡڷζ
¶ʱ˿
Ƕ£ݵغѹһһ½ɣ©Ӧյ밲
ΪԲѣȥ̫ҽ
̫ҽܿտ


29 
m½뿪, ˽ٶȣ
һۣ֪¡
Ȼ, ɶȥĥߵĽתߵǰ¯ݸߵĹ, Ȼʮ֣ص˴ݾߵ֮
ʰ, ûù澽˷˼
ţʵʵĹݡ
һͷ, ̧ͷ׵Ļʺ󣬿ڣߵлʺڳ֮
֮, ˡ
׿ʰǣʰż߹ȥ, 
̾һǶԽ˵, ҲԼпϧ˻ȥˡ
һ˽һȷϧ潭ϧ, ֲֻΪһϧ
˵ڻʺǾ֮, Խȴ֮ءǴлҲǴл֮١
ʵء˵ֻ˹, ҪģҪġ
лʺ㣬ǡ̫ҽȹ, ߶šԸ尲ϥһ¡
֮ʰ˵⾲˵Ǳ¶
ҡҡͷ˵벻ҪˣҲδԼ˼
˵꣬ƫȥոɻδȫȥʱ̫ҽԺ˵ˣƫճٵãҪ̫ҽӡҲ̫ҽװ
ʰǸŬĥһո˵Ļûףתȥ£ȡ
εؿһۣڿͣة
ʰһ£ת˲׹
ô˽ͽһةĵմ˾ٿة˼֮ǰֻһλӣС¸ոճǰǴҪʼ˼ôվˡʰĥһ£С²Ÿճδվȣة˷վǲ̫ЩҪ
ȥӡ
Ŀ֣û
ʰֻԼϹĥ
ޣ뵽ˣ
Ϊʺĳ֡µ׾˾˻˰
˹нıȨ˵ľɲ̤Ҵš

ƫϥտҲһͬ˹
ߣ޺¡
ﲻʣ
һȵȥ򣿡
տ̧ͷ¶һٵס򴽶Цٿݵݶһ崺
̫ҽԺ̿ɫûһ۽ϳӡտǴһͦοݡ
տǰȥϵľϡ
ǰ˵Ҫ̫ҽԺˣΪôҲҪܼ㡣û뵽졣һ˵ţһַ߽ϣ
뾩һһ𡣡տΪϴӣΪ
ָֻûջأȿһۡ
۾
Сտ游εտ游ߣ游ˣտ㶥游Ϊ塣
տûװûкҩտһ֪̽
տջ֣սתֻ˼ǡ¿һӣֻһμɡ
á̫ҽˡƺˣ뽭ǧ˷̫ҽԶʵǡ
Ǹտ
ϱīֽ⣬տһдӣһ˵ɽ졣ӽһ·ķᡣ˷ǲľ·ʱ֮¡
ֽϿտƮݵּҩд꣬տʵֶ˶٣¼֡
ǣ
¹տص̫ҽԺûñҡ빬̫ҽǣ޲ȡԼŰࡣŸ̫ҽѧ¡ڹǰ¶ᡣŰ֮ʱտǽŰóȥ࣬ˡ
ͬ빬̫ҽмȻ̫ҽԺŰ٣еһ־֮ˡ
տ˹ڹſڵС˼æӭȥһҩ䣬һŲѴˣ˵ҩҪʮգ˼Ǯֻյҩ
տͷû˵ʲô
λ˼ҵĲȥȬҪҩաʵʵ˵˼Ǯֻյҩտ˵ʮգ˼ҧҧյҩڼĿҲǾɼ
տ߽СһżªȴΪҽݡ
ˣ۵ܲˣ
򣬰˰˵ķӳҩˣզǲⲻٸ
򡭡
տȺߡȡǿݸ׷ܵĺͯһ˻޵ĺͯ
տ游һҽѧҽտڽ֮ҽ֮ơտ游һĿҽ
游ԪΣĪҪԼ׿׿츳
еҽҲҽһˡС缲Ҫҽ߲ҽҽҽʷȣҽĲߣԪ֮岻ݴǡ

ϦȥɫʱֿʼƮϸѩ
ϣﱧŸԴЩů¯תͷżܵķջߺеů¯£ùȡ˱ʱĶš
ֻǣŸշһҳ̲סżܵķȥ
еԥҪҪⲩżܺİȥǽҲȥˣ԰¹ÿҹȥˡǳ˹ÿ춼ȥˣ
ȥỲ⴩
ů߽ʱպÿһ۲żܵķů£ӡȥˡҪ꣬Ҫ˽ġӡæȥˡҪղŻ
ʱ˿
ܿ죬һ£ѯʣ飬ӡǱߵһһ֪ңɻ鷳
㶣һů˵Ǳߵ飬ū澵ȷ֪ñЩū֪ĶʲôܡԵҲֻ֪ū֪Щˡǻܵ飬ūҲ֪ˡ
ҲǣỲˣǲ֪Ļܣô֪
Ỳ
Ȼ뵽ỲͳȥǷдźֵšе£˵ߣȥ󡣡
ʮ⡣Ҳûʣæȡ˺ִ˵Ƹ
˲˳꿴һ£ӡڡ
ӡ˵ʱܹʡ
˳꼱æҡͷ
Ц˵˯ţȥ󷭷顣
˵ʵ
֪Ỳ˵дʲô͵űȻܡԼܿ˵أ
¥ࡣҪһƣûйںֵ顣УǱѧһѧ
¥һȥšײˣӴˡȹľվߣȥ鿴ߴᡣ
ãϽ߲㰤ݶĵطҵ˼ֵᣡʱһϲҲľϷš
ڶագ¹źãʱҹЪѧ֡
ҹˡ
ѧþˣһԣȥǰѷԴһƳԶǷԵӰ

ӽǷߡС׷ȥȥ֡ʹקżȥ
һһ䡰ӡҴת»صľݶ£
šüˡ
ΪʲôϽдʵ۱ĿùֻöġȣȥỲ⣬֮ƾ֣߳ѿֻۡ
Ϊʲôôǰ̸֮£Ե涼ƭ˵ģ

ȥĻ渡ǰ
ɻҧ
ʲôζ
ûԹ


30 ǳ
ƿ˲, תߡ
۾ʣ˵ȷɱģ
û˵
ôأΪʲôҪԼ⹬ˣƶ񲻱㲻ܾЩµ鰡
£޸޺֮˸˭£Цˡٲ, ʮߡٶ㣬ְֻǴʱº͵۾Ⱦһ˿Ѫɫ
ȻͿ, ʵ˵һ²㲻ͺһˡͱ˶ٵӣЩҪϡ㲻, ᱨӦҵϣ
ȥӣһȥ߬֡
һ, ݺģպԶһЩ
黹˵ʲôỲߡһ, ɿη, һֱ˵Ƿ
һ̹˵ӡ, 𷣡
׿ͷɵҲУ˹ƺ
Ỳⴹ, Ī˾䣺ɱʲôζ
ڵû˼ת÷ɿȥĦλش, ˵θ쳣ʮֲʡ
ǡỲΪۼ𣿡
о, ԥ˵ʵ󣡡
׷󡣡Ỳȴһֱ
ãȻ⡢׷
ỲֿڣѾͷ
, ɵ
뱨Ӧ⵽ϣǾ¸ɾЩȥ󻼣ܺŪס
Ỳѩ׵ǷŽԣһ߳ǣһ¥ȥ

ľϣϸϥϵμǡسȹһ̺ɴķɫϣһɫǳǳǳķ۰סȹչοɫľš
鼮ǲ٣ͨƪǺֵᣬȻȫֵ޷֡Ѱμǡμǽǧ֣ԭͺ֡
üͷָͷָϵ֣һһֱȶŬȥ䡣
ϥһҳʱվſڿõỲߡ
Ų̧ۿỲ⣬һϥϵ䣬ľݣ䵽ϡ
Ỳ°׵멷档μǼƳһ̧ۣڸߴݸ
߬߬ϥϵȹϣμǽӹŻߵϡ
ˣỲʡ
ⱾѶˡỲĵط飬ȻѧỲģҲڡ
վһֳһȹСȵ棬ȻؽֵݸỲ⣬
Ỳ̧̧ۿСʺū͡Ҳ׵شľϷ
֮صҪˣѧѧǵԡӡɻǳŵ᣿ֱӸҪ顣
Ҫѧۼҽˡ
ȵؿỲ⣬Ȼָ⡣
ֻǽղСȻ¹ȥ
ˡ΢΢̧Ỳ⡣
ôۼůůˣߣỲȹϣΡ
һ㿪
Ỳ⽫Сƿһǵֽϵ멣ϡ͵¥ݿڣվĿ뿪
ҧǣɻܾỲе֣Ĳɵġ

һ磬̫Ǳȥ˵̫ƲԸ£ٹգ˾Ҫˣ˵һ˫ĽͫˡӴ֮£̫ܲʡ
յĶλݸߵɣмλ
ÿʱҪ԰һ̫ЦһĸСӲˡûս£ƫƫҪС԰Լ͡Űɣ϶Ҫʿ䡣˵»ҪŮ³ԡ
ЦӯӯؽӻЩδȵùȡ衣
żգѴӾ˱˾ɡ
ҲŸ͡
Ĵ̫󣬾̫ݹģҲãȫϴμʱ˥ģ
ڴ˵˵ЦЦպܺãȴ֪̫⻰˵Ĳԡ
ȵȷǸѲˡԣǸʱҲǴ롣ʷĳдδֹͣͬǰԡǰĴʮ꣬ʮֱҪȻЩĸҲһָȥ
ʺ빬ûãҲСӴ֮£ǼҪŲıܳ
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һŻʺϻ۶ܴãһ߱ĶľȻ֣Ӧ̫Ľ
ٹûһ̫Ʒ½ˡ
ճţңңµĲС̫˳꣬һỲòʱҪɣɫ糣ߣ۽ȴƳ˳ꡣ˳ӭ˻ȻΪ·
ͣ½Ųе¡

һ˽ġ뿪תƫȥпϣһ档
ҩɴˣ۾ϲžƺĺɫ
ЦһүõʺҲڹǿɣڿɻǻʺ󣡡
ѵб°ѻʺȥң˵ỲͲʾﱾƵۡǻʺ󣬻ֺ󹬵ǶǱģ
ߵһķ޺ܶ࣬ͽ޸ķ޵Ǽ١
ҲˣүôͣŬȰš
㲻ЦŻ˻ʳָֹʵ̫࣬˲ϻʺûϻʺǲ֪˵ʲôáǶлָˡ˵ĵһڣǸʵġ
ֵһյȡ
үڹʵ۷֣Ỳİү
ŭˤеľյɺۣΣŻʵ۵ĻʺΣ
ȰȴҲҿˣڲҿڡ
жë
Ⱦƣƫ֮ʧǣˡ

ŵĻʺ󣬴ʱصرϥϡ
˼ԼΪ϶Ỳ⣬ͲΪ˸ճСȥ׺ã
ϵǴȥģճСȴ˱´ۡ¶ϵĲϲͶ۵ϲγԱȣǹ˶ġ
׷Ȩ֮ˣѾߵһˣδػŹ϶ʵ۵ֳмգƫ϶ûʵϲĻʵֱΪ̫ӣ϶ѱˡ
οСỲ⣬ǴǲǻҪȥǻһʢ֮ĵġ
˸硣
ɲ̤żΣ绹ûиԭְʵȨ
ֿʼϹĥˡỲΪʲôڲĪǽˣȥ
֨ѽһ춯Ųˮ
ÿ𣿡ʡ
һ㶣Ͻ˵ǵȻûˣĻ
һ
黳Լˣϡȥ
۾ʼաԼûʹ˼Ƶ츳ȥˣôŤûĺ嵽֣
ߡغһ
ȷԼû

ỲŻزƳ
ڵ̵ѩ̺ϣɢпʯʯĳȹϼ¶ŵСס
ỲⲻزתһȦָϺ䡣
űѹؿڣŹӰӡĵطˡ
ỲȻǵ˵Ҫģ߹ȥһ֧ţһбʣ
Ǻܶζ̧ӡ𣿡
Ỳ΢̶Цˡ
Ƶ˵ССɲá
֣ŵỬ䣬ʯȹϡ˫ֳỲϣǰ㣬һյỲǰ
ñһԣɺã
ỲŵһϢ֪ʱԹǡ
۽һ£ԥת˲š
أһỲĴǡ


31 ζ
Ỳڳ, ɭɭʱϸմȾ˼ֶ˷
˿˿ĴԽѡ
ѧļ, һĴǣ뿪ȥһѩɨᴥ֮, ѹʵӴշתŲŲȥ
ůݹ, ѹĺĴӦ¶ȡỲ⶯ϸС˿һ, ȴյøЩȥ, Ĳ裬ȥĳݡ
󱳵ŵʯһ, ǰȴϪɹ÷ůỲⴹ۾ȥ鳤۽ޡ
, ϸϸȥǵ
ĵģֻԼ
ֽ֪ĵˡ
İӳʱǧꡣ㱼, ־һͣԭء
ȻȻأ
۽΢ǵüĲˡأĬ˺Щء
ͽߣֻʣ±׾ִط
Ȼһľը, ءһһӸž޲˿Ӧ, ǰỲ⣬֪ԼȻպһʱỲľѡ
Ỳü, ƳһӳڴϵӰ
ϲȺģ˿ȴû̧ŮΣֻļ
ü򵥣һ֧бĲҡȫΡҡΣӰϸ飬ۡỲ⽫֧ҡժӵϣĳ˹ḧаڷ
趬䣬أؼһƬӡ
һѵԼյս¡
ԤճĶĸвûţΪʱһǵĹЧ
ϵ¶һ㽵ȥỲڿڡʳָ̧һεʣˣ
ȻܵҪܿỲĿ⣬ȴԼѰţһ㡣
Ỳ˵۾С˵ϲ
ţ
ָỲĴǣϲԵŮӡ
ССԵѵ⣬üĵģȴһ˿ί
ỲƵҧҧָ
ջһ֮ͷȥƵģ¥ϵĴůˣӡŴ
ỲǰСʺƢЦЦ˵ʲôأ
ܿỲĿ⣬ϥϣȥҪȻӡΪʲôҸߣ
ʮ塣
һڣỲ⾪Լʧԡ
ȴѾգ۾
Ỳḧ󾱳Ķͣ۾ôһ˲䣬΢΢šĲӡ
ʧֵͼδй©ˣ
ɣĺ
ͣ͵Ƽ£һĳָϣת˻⣺ﲻϲԵŮۼңۼҾͰͷŮӶɱˡ
סˣ˵Ҳء
Ỳ¥ȥ
ǡůáʹۼˣҲǰһѻ𽫲ճɻң̤Ļᡣ˵ƵģЦ
꽻ӣ¥ݱȵÿ֨֨졣
Ħ֪Լ˼ƳЧм֡
ϺܿͲϹĥˣΪỲƸ˯ȥˡ

ⳡΡ컹ûĹȥҹⳡµıС˽˵һ꣬ƺʲôͷ
ʵôҩѲˡԾڵ֪˶١
鲻ʱˤң˶ϰˡ
޹ȥ
ڵĹŮС̫ǿ첽ȥСȴûߣȰţ尡
ŹϣʵۿСӡ
Сһ˵ȰɵĻһ߿첽ߵʵǰѹǧȷӡȷͽ˽¼Ρ
ҪȰʵһСӵϡ
СӡϡһȻ˳ȥ
ʵһ
ãϸɤӵĻ¹ˡ
ĵ׺áʵ۳ڣûʲôθڡ
£ǳȻͻȻȴʹů࣬檹ʱ΢紵ůڵġ³ȥ߰ɣɤ˵
ʵͷ
ѺˣȴԸ·һ߻԰תת
ʵȥʵȴûʲô顣벻ͨԼﻹỲˣ޴СỲôôỲⲻ֣ˣỲôҪʼǸˣ
ԽԽꡣ
£˳˸֦ŵͷĹŮ˦ȥйй
ŻĹŮʹһеĻˡŹ¡
СŮ̧꣬۾ʵۡ
ʵǾ䡰ȥˡû˵ˡ
Ŀָָ֦ʣʲô
ūūɽ
ʵЦˡڰ֣ȥȻ˵ǰѾԸȥ벻ˡ
ʵȻŮС̫ɽȥԪ
Ѱ˸ڣûٸȥֻǣվԭأԶɽĿ⸴ӡ
ɽʶ
㱦¥ɽ𡭡͵ૣе㲻̫š

̫ҽԺ̫ҽǻÿһλߵɰƽ
ŹǷַϡ
û˯ãտһţһָ߽ѹϡ
ü֪ôشӦ˯ͦõİɣ˯ˣȻԸ˯ŵġտ֣ſڣҪˣ̫ҽ׼˵С
տҲȴл͡
ŹصлֻüۺЦһƬº͡ع֮µϤ
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ֻһأǵͷ̧ͷ۾硰ȥǰ΢Цš
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ЦӯӯЩտĴ㡣տʵԼҽݡ
ǲܵģֻææ
΢΢ƫͷһҽݵģͷ˵ˡ
ΪǸ⣬Щ
տʰҪ뿪ҲҪ׼̫ǱȥˡҪˣҪȥ͹нһЩСϸڡ
ʺ澽ŲҴҵظϹ繬ˣ
ʵ̫ˣŬһ£ֻǵ繬סλɡס˭һʱֺԲϡ
繬ȷˡ
繬ľ̫ҽԺĳ̫ҽ˽ͨͬס繬׽ڴ
˹˺ðŻع
ǻʺȻҪȥ
ȥ繬ʱԶԶһƬ
ɣû뵽ˡƽǸׯӣȴ̫ҽ㵽һ𡣿ƽջѵҪعءЦŶ˼ϸֻ
ûԺԺſڵС̫㳶ɤ档
õϣɫףʧǰ㣬˵ڿҲûʲôӦɻ¹ʺʱһӻعȻܵԺԺʯʨһͷײȥѪɽõ󣬵

̫ҽץžʧĹѿץҩϻСܹȥ÷ĵʺʱסɵ֡
վԺڣ㶿ɥǰ

ú繬ߵ飬һ̫Ǳȥһϧ
̾˿
ʰǲ⡣
ֻʰһСпΪʲôҪ˽ͨأ̫ɵˡΪȡӣôĵ¶¶Ҫɥ
չţײỲϡ
˶ֲգ¸ոյĻȥ
ỲȻĵʵ۱СʺۿǸ.֡
ʺ򰲡Ỳ΢΢Ȼһÿһÿ·ȴߵʱƵָϵĺ䣬ֻǣֲζ


32 ҩ
Ųһ, ۽ɨ·ߵŹˣװʲôûǰߡ
ûңңһС̫, лСӣšݼݼݡ
϶ԶԶһ˵飬ûչȥ϶, û뵽ֿʼˡ
Ͽһ㶣űӵСҲ֪ҪҪ˦ȥˡƽźϵļСŮС̫һ߿кš¡, һ׷æ񣺡μ, ǧǧǧǧꡣ
չӵĴŮȥȡС档ݸæС̫ϵϱ, Ź
ϵͷ߽űߵСʯӡ
¡
֪лҪ˵, ԶЩʰǺ֪˶˿, Զ
߹ȥǰʣϻ𣿡
죺·Ͳ¡
϶, ǱŵС̫ϡϥϿҪɰʯĥˡϸ˵
죬û
С, ࡣ֪ͻС˵̫Ҳ̲סＱѹ϶Ҫúö, ԺŲױ鳼ˣ
еܵˣõܵܺúö, õܵջԼ֣󡣿ʼյͷȥ
ü֪϶СܽЩ˵Ψ΢΢ػ˱֣϶
ડһϺȻͿˣשϡ
һޣʱ޴СӾͺ޾顣
ͲʵۣͲϺݺݵص˵Žţıӣתܡ
˽ŵĵطۺۣۡÿһһѰϸʹƵġǾۣҲҪܿܵԶԶģվǰ˵Щ
϶µСӣ
ԶԭصỲȤζؿһĻ
ʮ֪СʺһУϧԼ͸Ū֪Ѻϸϻʵۣأ

ἱ˾ɼһغ
ٴ֮ΡΡ
ỲԶıӰеСǺиƿһǷУƵؽš
Ǻȴֲ
Ỳ΢ۣңңſڣẬһָϺ䣬ǵζ

̫󹬵ʱ͹˹ͽˣȴû
򸣡λ˸
ö񣬶ɡ£硣
˵£¡ǰԲϣЩ񵥺Ŀ
ⳡ꽵ϡ棬Ȼůˡ檺͹סýЩһ͹ˡǻʺס¹ЩԶˡ
һЦŽӻ⼸նס̫ǱȽǵ˭Ȳˡ
˵Զ¶ɻδסõҲԶǰס͹Զϼ»ӣոհȥסˡ͹Զϼ˹İپԹĴľ붼ࡣ
͹ɨһۣſڣĸƾӹ󣬿δӣڵҲá
ϵʮȫʮδӱúúԴ壬ɳ̫밲Ҳܹµʸ
湻ƴġ
⹬ﲻ˭ƴһƴĻᣬһήɲҪƴȥץΡ
ſڣ͹˵ǣӦúú塣ռʹҲӦġЩӣǼҲˡ
˹ϵķ߷գҲϵ
ûã㵽ˡ
ʺ밲λ밲ҴҸ˸ʵ
æ˽
һһ߲˼˵Ҳ֪ôѳˡ
޷ġЦ˵
˹ûס̲˵˾䣺øС£ǴһΪǴ˴סĸóһʱ᲻ء
ĬĬ˱̫ʹӡ
һ˻ƻˡ͹Ͷ˹ҲЩʼæˡ
ʵ˶ףǽչĿһ飬Ҳˡ
ƫƫú档
ȿɺ׵ܵܡչ˺֮õ˫ˣչԼҲһˡ
˵񵥿˴룬ЪЪۡĿⲻɨ
Ů̺ģȻҲġ
ﶼú壬ΪСµƴʮ־衣һ뵽϶Ǹӡ
ü
ûڿӣŮһ̳Ӿơ
ʱʱϲƣ̳ӾԼġȣůůڡ֣̫󹬵ĹŮȥѰӾƵ
еĹӾģҲơŮǶһȣСӻᵱˮȡ
̳ӾƱһ֡
ӾǽģŮ̫ĹŮ̫ߵ˴ӿⷿȡҲ̫Ĺ澴Ӿ̳С
һӾƵҲǽ
˭ỳɹӾ˶ӶҺأŻʺһӾƣЦùŮٵһյ
ڽ·ʱĻʵѻˣѳ˻ʺ˭С¡
ýڹӾķŵĶҲʲô
һҩ
һֿŮ𽥻.ҩ
ÿʲͬҩЧõʱҲ̶̫Լڳηʮǰ
Ӿƺֺһ
ЦЦù澵һȡȻҲӾƣΪ벻ҩˡҩŵϸƤСɾϵЦ˼֡
һ˹ӾƵλ
Ⱦͺ¡
˵ǻҪлء

ӹĿһ飬ֽյ˵һ飬һȥˡ̫»ʺͼλùţŻ¹
һ¹Ը磬æһ磬ھúܡҪȥ˯һûʲôҪ¶Ҫű
ǡʰǺͲ飬澶˳ȥ
ʰֹ죬ͷŤһȥСȻûӹ۾ġ
۾˵㲻ȥŵƣ߾ˡ
ģʰ۾־ֿġ
С꣬ϵĺûоȥźСһ𳤴ϵãôڲԼ顣Ҳĺ棬ǼܴŲ飬һԣеζˣģҲš
һ̲סЦȴʰǸ֮ǰʰһԣϸϸ䡣
ʰæͷ
ȻҪȥҪûǱ˵ꡣ
֪Ϊʲôܸоѧдô
˾Ҫˣʱš
ڵİʰǵԲ۾˷ֽšСʣ᲻ͻȻðʲôﰡ
еºڡ
´λ𣿡Ц
ʰҡͷ
·ʰʱ̾ǰߣһ仰û˵ˡ
һƬĥỲ˵Ҫģ˵㻰
ֶ֣ѧϰ£ǵ
һƬڰһȥȴաӿ˽Ųٴ̴֡ÿΰչʱߵﶼҪŲһЩûкҹܵ±ײ
˲ʰǽǲķԸֻһ¥ĽǷţ¥ȥڳϣ̾
ȹ첽¥ȥ
ʯϰż飬ɨһ۶ᡣѷҹ֪⼸֮ǰûС
Աߣһ衣̵ջȥԼĶ䡣
Ȳ裿
Ỳ֪ͻ
ｫǱμϵֶˣỲ⻺¥ҳֽĬдμȫƪģһ


33 ι
ͷ, ЩСԺ˵Ĭдġ
СΪܶණáԹĿΪѵóֵı¡ȻⱾڲܿŮ˵ʵûʲôô, ԼһֱͦΪġ
Ỳߵǰȥī˵Ĭдһ飿
󷽷ؽʽ, Ƶʯ棬֮ǰӻһʯ, һ̺
£, 
ɽ׳ޱߡ˵زͬǰƽɽ, ƽд֣ŵԭ
Ỳ⵹ǲĻ, ֻеƾü䣬տ֮Ĭдһ鵹ҲѡȴЩ֡
ǰŴСʺ, ƣдϡûо̵ı˳̫, «ưдֵҲǶԵġ
дд, Ȼĳһסˡűʵüͷ˼š
Ỳߵ࣬Ȼ, ȷдݣдø˳
ỲƵʯ棬, Ĭд־Լ̫ˣǷĳ룬ȡһǡһ߳ǣһ߿Ĭд
Ĭдʹ΢ͣͣһͷỲгǡỲСɺһǣ
һ£תͷд֡
ǴģĪʹҧ顣ȷССؽ顣ϸϸСһ㣬Сһ㡣
ҧϸǿɢڿУ
ỲСɺеǳԹˣҲûСɺз£޳ָתŪšСɺӤƴС񲻵ָ
һд꣬±ʣΪڴصݸỲ⡣ỲŽСǺз£ֽҳӹϸ鿴
һۣԥͷС½ǣȡĺɰֽ治ֽȡ⿪ĳչֽǿСС÷ǡỲոճԵǲͬ÷ǸСЩҲһ㡣
ŽҪһֱ飬ǰǡ
һ÷ԼԣȻʣµ÷ỲǸСǺﵹȥ
Ỳ÷СǺ
СǺвװе÷ǡСǺװϸӣƵỲǰ
СǺỲߣ̧̧ۣһۡ˵ƪμǣɻʶ֣
ͷӡɿҡ
ֽỲˡỲ˵˼ʣǶһһдˡ
ڱǰ˵Ȼһһ仰ġͰỲ⣬ӡƪμǶһòã
ỲǸСǺУƵתţû˵
ȥ߬ڣ˻Ρ
ỲȻ˾䣺÷Ǻó𣿡
ֽ̯ϰʮ÷ǣɢ÷ӵ
Ͻһ÷ǵݸỲ⣬÷ǵݵỲǰȴʼûԡ
ôʲô˼ֿʼʹĥջ÷ԼˡȻһ÷ǷŽС
ֻһأûгԡǴյỲǰĴǣȻĥת
һ죬ûмǴ衣
е÷͵ʱ÷ڵֻʣһˡ
ھǰ͹ȥ㣬Щֱӡɫ̫Ȼصͷʪ
ţỲĬдֽţʼƪμǡ
ЩһЩ˵
Ỳ˶٣ٿʱ΢΢ٶȡ
ŬȥỲʵ÷ѾԼȥӦĺֻ÷μǣָͷָϵ֣һ߿һ
Ỳˡ
ͷָͷҳһϡԹĿȴһ廰ܼѽ
һֱֱͦỲ⣬ûʲô飬ʣӡĽָҪһ𣿡
ỲһЦ
μǣٴθ
ģŬϵĺαȥ´ϸỲ
Ỳֶһ顣
ûյʱ䣬ظ
ǰˣӵ俪ʼͺáæ˵
ỲţҲѧȥỲٴηٶȣÿһظѧĶˣһ䡣ѧĲԣҲָֻһ飬ظֱĲ⡣
ʱǿƪμ
˳ʱţѯǷҪš˲֪ˡ
ỲƳһ۾ӣҲûȥ˳꽫Ŷ˽ỲϲʳǶգ˳»ʺԲߣ¥µʰ˻ʺĿζ׼ԵĲˡ
ûʲô˼ڳԵ棬ֻ΢һ㣬ܵ棬һⱾĵûԭֶˣԼԿ١
ỲƵسϣƳһ۷ڰдֵ¿ӣ˳꽫ߡ
ߵһĸ߽ԣ̴Ž¯ת˶ϣȥƿɢһɢʳζ
ŵļ˿ζܵﱾûʲôζƫζȽС
ỲζɢȥˣˣߵߣƳһд֣֪ûͷûԵѧʵڷ
Ỳס֡
дרעỲߵ඼֪ñ֣㶣ת
ỲûڿһµֽȻֽд֡
֣ĵһֱʻܶࡣ
ʲôû֡
ޢ
ãȻ׷ʾĸ֡
Ỳ⸩յߣޢޢ
һĿС˵ӡǽЩʵõְɡ
ּỲƵӦһ䣬Ӽ򵥵ִʿʼͷ
ỲΪСʺôѧʲôȴû뵽ѧ졣ĴϻۣĿ̿ࡣʱż򵥳һڣרעѧʱ
ˡỲÿ׼ѧ
෢ͷ˸ǷСԹѧ̫ˡ
ϻۣѧúܿˡҪµաỲĿޡ
˭˿佱Ҫˡ̲סȥӡѧ˶ã
ɡ
𴽽ĸˡ
Ỳ⵱ȷѧꡣǣѧʱ꣬ͬʱѧԡ϶뽫ܡ
ûϸʣȻ㲻˵ѡ
յ黹δ׵Ҫ𡣱Ҫȥ˵Ỳ۾Թɫ
Ỳף˸ƣۼҴӲԱ㡣
ŹֿһۣҲ˵ʲôҴߡ
ˣ
һתỲ⡣
Ỳַڳϣ΢ʳָ˹ߵʯ棬ʯе졣
Ķʳָϵĺۡ
߹ȥʯָϵĺת߬˵ջӡ
Ỳ¥ƵƿǺиӣ÷ԡ

ڶգڻʵӭˡԭ˲ͬʹŮҲȫȻԭŮӵģ˵ŵԭżԼ˽̸ʱỻ
ʵԵúܲ˵ǿ׳ϵðη壬ηỲⲻڡ
Ỳд˵԰ȥȥĽָ
԰Ǹ̨ʱԭж˱䡣Χ۵ںȲʣԭĳҾĬš
Ỳһۿü
ϸϹĹ˾ߣỲʣ÷𣿡
˸æ÷ǵȥɻӡҪǣһվͻ˿ζ
Ỳ÷ǣߵߣ˳Ŀ̨ĵ˵ˣһʲôÿģ


34 
̨ϵսؼʱ̡ɳ˺ʿ, һû¶ܼǰֱУ˶Ӯˡһ̨֣ϵ˲ʱǰÿһֶҪ޲һϳСʿȡʤ, ΪЩ档
ü棬ȻỲתͷվỲ, Сȴغ緶ж, ֮ˡ
ʵڣתͷ, ſỲ⡣ϵĽһɨգЦ, ô
ͼıĳӣˡỲ˵, ſŵ¡
԰̨ϣʵϡ̫ڻʵ۵, ʺڻʵ۵Ҳࡣ̫һǽλߵɺͼλʹһĹԺһĵط
ʺһ߿ŵ͸ỲⱸõġỲƲˣƫôˡ
Ỳû, ̨ϲѾʤһƤ˽뽫ʿ𣬺ݺӵ̨֮¡
̱һ󻶺, ԭڡ
ڴ볯ɫѿǲ佫, ԾԾԡŮǣٵСģ̨ĽʿѪ, ŵòᡣ
԰ٰⳡϯ볯Ҿ졣ǽӭʱչʮ֡ϡؿ֣ǵĿɺҲϲͬ죬ϵĴ磬Ӧô볯ļҾҲ
ʱһֱüչʲôڴأȻҪմķ׺͹¡չ仰͸ԭ³̣
ɻʵͷԸȥиۡ빬Ĵ˻ȥŮͬ֡
ʵ۶һ֮صƴӵģվһԵֱˣȰ衣
ֿ̨ʼһֵĲ
̨ϵʿ֪һֶȻҪ䡣
յ̣ǰ֪价ƺõģҲӴĴͳԭԤУⳡӦлأҪʤֲŶԡ˸˸󻢱ɴԱ˱Ľʿ̫һա
ǡ
Ŵʱվ̨ϵǸʿѿʼӵһпʼ·磬ط޷
˹ģ
˹ⰲղ̨
תͷỲ⡣ỲĿԶ̨ϣûʲô顣
ΪʲôҪô
ôٹǳļҾ쿴ŴĽʿȵʿòԭ˴вֱͬҪỲˡ
ѵҪˣ
ѾĳŪڹ֮䣬ôῴĸ֮أ
ܵĿ⣬Ỳ
һֵıԣҳʿܴӡأѹܵĺУֻ壺ӡ뱾ģ
ķʥСỲƵֳһ÷ǣĶעʲô
ʲôأ
ʲôأ
ϵĻ裬ССһڣôŷҷȲů
ˡ
Ǵ佫𣿡
ʿǲԭϵԱǸ߿յӥ
жʧԶò񫣡񫣡
˵ԭǴ˵̸Цأʱ⼸仰ǹԭ
˵һЦ
ĳ磬ೡ޻˵佫ϳɸ̨֮Ľûи̨Ļᡣ
Ĳ֪ԼóʲôỲ⽻ˣתͷỲУ˵ȻӡҪĶע
û⡣
ỲջĿ⡣
Ϊû˵ʱ֣һüĿС̫ษϸȥķԸ
ȵؿỲһۡ
ǸС̫༲¸̨˿ֺȻ뵽ʲôæ£ߵ䡣
ΣỲЩǹȥʲô
һֱԿʼԭŵĽʿ͵͵ˡ
˶ΪһǻӮǵʿؽݺӴƨд˶һǻ䣬֮ǰÿһ֡Ӧûø졣Ϊ̨Ĵ뽫ʿǸʮꡣ
̨ϣʿӵؿԼĶ֡ƾʲôֵʱôǲǿŵԭЦͰ͵ݺӣүүһүү㣬
û˵ֻǳĶ΢΢ףȻ˸롱ơ
ʿߴ߶ȻȻһ˫޴ڣ޲ȥͽǰ괸
ȻֻƮƮŲ˰벽ױܿʿһ㶣䣬תȥ
ҲŲ˰벽ʿٴ˸ա
ʿÿһζڵسȥǸȥÿζƮƮŲһױܿ
ػʮΣʿڴ
԰Ȼ
һƬž̨֮ϵȻЦһЦ󣬿ǡþһ̣Եôԡ
·˶ȥ
̨֮һĻʺò߹Ůӵģ·̨󷽷زЦš

·ӶرЦֻһΣЦǴ
ỲߺڷһСʺȴóЦû۵ס
Цÿ·ЦޱҵĴ볯ǣֻÿɱ
ϵЦ𽥱ǳɢȥʱ֪ỲβϵЦȾϼֽġתͷỲ⣬ӵĿ⡣Ц˵ӡˣͦÿġ
䣬̨һֱܵڳ֡һΣƣʿʱûٶܡ̧֣סʿһšһ֮󣬱ʿɱغС
һ˦֣ʿ׳߸˦ȥءһ˫شӸߴ£ϡ
ۿ˼ֱԼ۾ν⻢ʿ˦ߣʿʱǼƺҪ̨ҳۿ˶Ĳ
괹ۣűߵʿԥһ£ſڣǸӡ˵뿴ˣûʹ죬ˡ
ʿǰһϵ꣬һѪ³ĸηȫڲ
£͡Ļʵۡ
ʵŻعԶԶԣͣͣ
չߵʿ˺ö䣬඼һһҪӮӮǸ
ʿصͷһ㱣֤һӮ
Ȼûᡣ˵ı仹ҪмԸðգһӮ˾Сˣ˻ٽһڡ
Ĺֽس̨̺䣬ϸɢ輧鲽̨װںơ
չɵۡ
ǰôͲˣչһȻԭô˵ֱ￹顣
ȻܼĹĵס롣
ʵɣչǲҪ˵ʲô
ָָˣ״мǸ輧ÿ
ʵ۹ȻĻȥ̨ǡ۾ѽѽغ
ỲȻڡ
Ī˵ʲôܹ֮ڵĻӣչȥ
ۼҵĽָˣ
һĿѸٶȫȻû˸ոյĴݵ塣ȡССǺУƵСϡ
ȻˣǺװĿɲʲôǶ
Ỳ⵹ûôǣ󷽷ĽǺùƿȡĺ䣬ָϸš
˶ţȴ۽ǵ͵͵㵵ؿỲö䣬Ž˿С


35 
Ỳûʲô, һɫŨĺƵطתһȦ˫ɫ۰׵֮С
˶ˡ
Ƿ
ČmŮǵ˵Ц, ·ź̺뻨̨ϸЪƵ޹̸Ц, ˴˵ԡ
һжӡ
ЩȻңԶңԶʵһҲˡ
, Żعջ, ¼ֱͦضţĿǰ, ̨ϵĸ衣
캮ϵȲûþҪڿرڸϯ, 滻Ȳ衣ߵ࣬ҪΪ滻衣ȴȻֶ̧ǰ, һ
̨ϵ赸輧ȥֻһ̨衣
ƽһЩ, ۽ǵ⿴Ỳ⽫ϵСǺƵǰһСȵ΢΢ƫͷ, Ỳջȥϲûдö䡣
һ
̨ϵⳡй룬ȥСǺССؽиƿһ㣬Ȼ档һ, æֽˡ
ôᣡ
Ỳòܳöϸûб
ޡ
ʲô
һ֡ޡ˺ü
ʵתͷʣʺɺЩˣ
ΪỲʶķ, ƫƫʵתͷ˵˵ã˵ɼĥЩ꣬ƬȬġ
ӦţỲȻֶ̽ժĺɰƵط˷ɰûǣЩʧֽɰ䡣
ֱỲ֣˿м䣬ǽͷöֱʵ˸߲ҵȥ裬ỲҲû˵ûж΢Щ
յϯҲˡ
δٸԭְʧǰиλбȨҲаʱ˸ûʵȨΡڵĹְһЩλߵ佫ǹĳƺһ򽫾
ʵչøۡʹĳ˻ȥӼҾ졣򸮵ʹľ벻С˻ȥˡ
һμĳڸߣһ˫۾ȴؿǸ
üסкܶɻȴ֪Ӻοʡ
ŮɻʲôԸ͡˵ǻսŮŮԼȥԼȥ롣
ϵһŴʺⳢһڣζÿڷĿŴʺ⡣ǰУ֮ǰ飬ֻʣһˡ
תͷһʣŴʺܸܲСŮϲ
ȴ㶵ġ
ոЩˣ顣ŴĶϲԡ
Ϸ޶Щϸ㡣һЦ˵һ߽ûжһŴʺƵǰȻСòСС£תͷȥˡ
леĸӺϡŴʺֱߣȫȻûи˼
ϲŴϸ㣬ȥ
һֱʤϷˣķʽӮȻôٹáʱŹ𣬻ܹۿۼĸ裬Ǵá
ȻԶ˵أ˾ûôˡչɫࡣȻǶԸոյı乢ڻ
չҲϵľƣԼľңһҾơִչϣ˵ģһôѵȺεεŮǡ
ˬʵشЦţʮġ
չŨܵ΢ڷ˸ִֵıӣԺŲԭװϳĹԭŮӲܴԭŮӼʹǳŵĽҲչϳĲԭﲻһ
һչվ߳˵ԭŮӸȷÿҲˣ
Լ֡
úúãʵӦáĿչɨȻǾŮӾȻһַ顣
üԹһ䣺¶
չһԾ̨ӡ
˫ӵǿ׳ʿӸޡ
չ˫ޣ̨ϱ˦ޣײѪζ
ϰ֮˶ܿóչɲǻȭȣǳһȥܽ˵Կ顣
֪ۿ룬չ˫޳̨˦ȥһ֮ľѷ졣
׳ˡ
ǱչЦΪ棬޲
չվ̨ûңң̨ʣ˵ԭý֪ԭŮɻ轣
⡭
ԭصȻ轣Ľɽ֮ϵŮҪôǹҪôǳӵŮ
չ̨϶ŲӣٿڣȵɸС轣ǿȣ
˸͡
չƵĿأĿڸ̨ϵϡǿֽεεĹҡ˵ʺԭŮӵĵһˣܲɣ
ʮǰ·Ѿ˵Ȼᡣ
԰ٴΰƬ̡
һĳҪάһˮһˣŮ䣬ԭŮ֮ŮҲδؾͨ
չЦϣԣǲᣡ
һĳҪ̨ϵСʺȻڡ
λӵıܺÿ¡̫󶼿ýζһСһͷһսʮƥŶҲ㡣ժϵһûݸ澣ֱӸ׳ȥ
˵߸Ņ̀ߣء
С̨ԶȻûнӵչǰǸ˵أˤˡ
ѽһϧƳһִۣ󷽵˵ݵʵڳɫڻζ̫ˡ
΢΢ƫͷԸٲһӡ
Ҳ֪˭͵͵Цһ
԰գתضǰĻ裬ŵһڣٲˡ
ûʺ̨轣
볯ǵͷЦû뵽СʺԸոռǵͣ¾ȣֱͲָչıñȥ轣ʲô
Ỳ˼
ԺвɸЩ»档ǻСʺһڹ磬˶ĳϴ˵ҡƵĻʵۣСʺ˵
ỲҲǵСʺ¸ܹȥֹʵ۵Ļ档մʲôʲôΣ䵽ʲôǵá
ŶãСʺĳɳỲе⡣
չҧҧŸ̨ϵ֪ҲܰԭĻʺôʲһתٹ֮ϯ
ĳӼҾоû˸轣𣿡
ɫѿչЦһǴĴ֮
չ˵⻰ʱǿŻʵ۵ġĿͶʵһ£˳˵ȥ˭Ů轣˻ӭչޱͣ
޴ĻʵҧԼͷ
ʵۿ˿ڣ±Ѱˣ
԰ٴμž
ĥҪҪķԸֺõŮɳŮΧһϤŮͯ
վԭŮӸעǱƯƯ٣չ㡣˽ǵķΣֻСӱȻ£չʶԭԸ
˿ǸӣվܱȻĽᶪ˴档
㵵ЦļȻǺ޳˾٣
ӹĽչոõ˫ޣֽһѽ˫̨ӡ
С˳Ц˵ˣҪԾ
ȥ飬͵͵ȥѧա
׻ˣ¸ײϲʵӡɸײ
վ̨룬Զĸףսе˫


36 ƭ
Ҳȥʱ, Ȼ˵ңô᲻ң
ĳϣô˿, 񵽵׻ǸӣЩŵе˫Զĸף׳ͷ, ĽźȻɢȥ˴롣⼸꣬ʲôûһ, ȫ֮ǰÿһͨ
׽Ρһ, ʼ轣еעеĽ, еĽŶʧˣֻ뽫һ׽ӵƯ
ԭ, ϯϵٹС轣, ⽣ʹôҪȴû뵽һ׽ˣˮɾͽ˵Ŀⶼȥ
ã
佫ȻóССģԲǻ, ޺ȡ
佫̨轣ŮǰԼһ꽫ǻȵʱ, ĳһ꣬һ֮꽫һվ̨, աӿ̨ºһսܡ
һһġкһ䡰һ, ա緢
ֻǽȡżֱ꣬Ӷҵˣ˲񣬾ȻҳĻʺ³ݣ
ĳǻԵɵϳǣ޲ζӳ¡һĿ⣬תϡ
̹ȻЩڴĿ⣬ֻԲ̨轣Ů
Ůķȷʱһ޶
Դչĵأº͵ص˵ͷлֱյ¶ȣ֪ˮƫ轣ضʣ轣ֻһ̫ȵĲȲ£˵ĲˮҲã¶ȸոպá
ս
Բ̨ϣϸŮͦƺ÷к׵׿Ȼ
תʿڣǵǿ׳ѧԭĽֻҪҵʦһ̣һѧģ
ģŮ
չԭرáŬĻ˸䣬סûĥô˵佫ЦŸͣչѧᣡ
ôȥô񳰷
ãą̃ͣͣϵĻʵ۱⽣ƯʫʣȴֻɰͰ͵˵ô䡣Ŀϣе죬ƫһʱ벻
ʵ۵Ŀµɨ̨֮ǰĳǰĸ׸ķٰ£ؽͷֻذ˸߸ߵβʱո轣˫պġ
ʵ۰ˣָˡ
Ŀƽ̹ؿڣĿ˶١ǸӰ
һֱľսع۲Żʵ۵ɫȥ̿ڣһ˫˴˷ҲչͬУûأ
⻰ȵչ
չЦ˵ͰѩȵĹ屦Ҳɺ׼ȵ赸ˡ
תͷߵ˷Ը䡣
λ˫Ľһֱ˵أֻһֱɴƵƵǵûʵǵòʮֺ档
ȻƵһϣʵ۾ûһ˫ӸǶ˵Ӱ
չŰͰѩϯ̨ȥﲻ̫þȵĹ屦ƾʲô͸ԭĻʵۣƫƫĿɺ˵ԭع࣬Ҷá
˳㴩Ƥȹ裬һ˫ֱĳƤȹ֡ԭĳǣеľ÷ƿ߲Ҷ࿴һۣеȴĿضơ
ʵ۾һգգȴüΪǲ㱡ɴʼûժ
ûʵȫעǶˣʰߵ䣬Ը̽ʵ۶Ƶͷ֪
ʰƹȺ󣬸˸ͻʺĹϵʺߵĹ澹ݼ仰ʮѰ
ƫͷʰǵ档תͷңң̨ϵ˵ͷ
Ÿ磬һʱ֪Ǹ֪ˣġ
ӦǺ߰ɣ
Ī룬еϣǺߡ
΢˿źȻ䷢Ỳⰲá͵͵ȥỲûʲô顣ȴԼỲ׵
Ỳȷ
ո̨Ϸˣʿĳ轣Ϊñ˲ڽŵµĴ棬˼֡
ôܿأ
뱻ĸСسŪ裬̤ųЦ볯޵ݡܿ
̨ϵ˫߳ıɴ߸¶ݡ
ٿһ˫ͫģɫ㡣
ʵֱվǰ˫ִľϣŻڼˣ޲Լý㡢ٽ㣡
ỲƳһۡ
һ£ʷϻλĻʵۡ
аɡ
΢ôһ㡣
Ҳֻôһ㡣ϾļƻˣĳûỲתͷȥλסδüջĿ⣬ײ˸Ŀԡ
һԥҪҪջߡỲѾһƿĿ⣬ϵ裬Ƶһڡ͸ĲˮѲٿĸݣ뿪
Ŀ׷Ỳ⣬żãȻ̽
Ỳʯף¸̨ӭ˵һáߵԶЩˣеѾվҡҡλΡ
¿첽Ϲȥ˷ߡʼգỲŲûзŻȴ޸ıκεıá
鲻ãܲáţ۾ĿװźСǺС
ƭ
ұ֪ʲôʶˡ
ңΪôڱӮһ֣ġע
ƫƫָ鲻á
ϵСǺУ򴽣Լϵȥ֪ҪʲôĿͷ
ֱȥ
ȵ˫˱ݽչԲԵرڹ̷ʵǵҡʵȻˣҲǲǷϹأֱӸλ˷
ϯҪΪλӰŹǣʵȻӦĻҲ̫ҪŮ˲롣
Ϊλ׼ĹͰźõġԽ͵˫¥һڣЩ֧ƣػ¹
·ϣȵؿһڻơҲӭ
һȾƣ
ҲզզܵСû뵽ʺײˡ룬ʺȥЩƣҪҪͬյӾơ
ϴκȵĹӾζȷܺãͽȥ˻һһӾơһ棬Ҳ½æȥ¹߶Ҳ㣬С
ϲӾƣһЩ˵
˵ãֵл
ڻ˺һŻ¹ϷҪĥȥ˯˴磬ʱ
Ҫ𣿡
һ£Լһ£ֻ뻨裬Ȼȥϴ£ʰŲȥ

߬СǺУƿţỲȥ߶Ǻз춯
ӡ𣿡
ֽݣס
ϰһźֽܴỲűʣŨīֽȾڡûһ׵ĵطԾɷһһˢȥ
Ũī͸ֽʯ̨涼Ⱦˡ
Ỳ̧ۿ
һ
ʲôỲƵʣѰ
ӡҡ
Ỳûɵ˵ǣ´ۣͿĨɫԽԽŨ봿⡣
ƭӡ˵
Ỳû˵
Σ߬СǺУС˵ҡԼŲȥ
̫СỲˣȴ˵
֪⣬Ҳظ˵ȥҲҲȡ


37 
ͷ, Ȧһһˡ
ǰ֪ԼӡϤԼ˵Դʣһܡ
·Լѡ, һֱǰڣɱˣǻʹġ
߬ŵСǺн۵Ķ, СǺеȴԽԽءѵķ۵ζǿѹؿڵ, ԼҪ޳
ޣ϶̫ǰޡ
Ỳ˱ʡ
ǰһŸպī, Ǻϱī֭𣬽ɫȹϡ
ֱỲ߳, ûعͷȹմȾīΣӦ, С׷ȥỲĽŲС¥, ׷Ỳ¥ϴҡ
Ỳֻǹϴֵġ
ī֭޳׵ָϲһ㣬ˮϴֱ˫ָɸɾˡ
վſ, ĬĬ
Ỳɾ޽ϵˮգ߿ûһ, ϴң¥ȥ
һ룬ĬĬ¥, ỲŲûͣ¥ȥ
˽ĽŲȰοԼ, ŬԼЦʹЦҲ׼óίģ
¥ݣỲĬƬ̣תĿСʺϡ
Ỳ⽫Ŀʱ߹ȥͣǰ벽ľ룬ֻ̧סӵһǰŲֱš
ỲƳ
䣬ϵ¶һ
ŬǰڳÿЦݣԺ󲻻ӡˡ
ֻ뽫ˡ⻰ȻҲĵġ
ỲżЦٿڣӮһ֣ۼĶעأ
ỲЩŬάϵЦݣ˵ӡ˵㡣
𣿡ỲƮƮʡ
ͷԺѾһһֱ̫ڵĻ档
ޡ
һ㶣ǿųЦҲֲȥˡ
գ۾鳤۽ɨ֪Ỳ⿴ˣѿޣҲĿڶˡ
һﾯԼ׼ǰ˵ĿޣһָԼҽڣ˵ģȥġע
ԥ䣬ĿհʹͷҧŴᣬǲԸỲ⿴ˮỲҲûֹ
˽һӣŽաĿڵıʹҲɢȥˡ
װʲô
ͷ͵͵̧ỲһۣȻ뵽ԼϹᣬæֵͷȥ
Ỳֱ°̧ͣϴһࡣ
ﻹǵõۼʱԼ˵𣿡
Ȼǵáǿĥ˺þãչ˵Ļ
ǻʵ۵ŮΪӡů齣ӡʹ
øۼҼţǻʺ󣬲Ҫֺñ˵ĵ͵ȶ
Ỳˡ
˵ǡҪƾŻʺ΢ֺʹ˵⻰ʲô˼ҪԼĻʺ󣿼ԼʺôأѲɻź
ỲƿͷԼѩɫ£ᣬҲմȹϵī֭
Ỳ½⿪ϵˣӵϡ
æͷȥ
ỲƳһۣ˵ʲô˻ȥתȥϡ
ͷԭվһոպȻٵѿȥˡƽһʼսյıʵ̫ˡӦʧ̬Ŷԡ
ȥȹճīֱ֭䲻īˣŴϨڵĵƣӴβСࡣ
Ỳָʱס֣ӡ
̽Ҫú磬ϿɲԲҪ˯
ỲƸ۾ϣһƬཀྵţʮְ
ҲǷҪֻȻ̽һ¡
ҲǲСỲƵ֡
Щ⡣ϸԵ춯Ỳ˴³﷭ʲôֻܿȻסֻֽ֣һ
ܿ췴ӦỲڰ˫֣
֣н
۾
㶵ģڷҹɱôأĲǸɱ
ڵĻ£Ϊؿ޹һʱԺ쳣ѡʼػỲ֮ÿһϸڣϸϸȥĥȥĥỲÿһȥ˵ÿһ仰
ҹɫŨʱû˸˯ãʱһҲޡƫƫֽű󣬲Ǻ
ÿһĻĥԼµĲ²⡣²ȣҲãȻ̽һߵỲ⣬ȴ֪ʱ˯Żš˯ţǲýѡ
ԥܾãջǾỲ˯ˡûڣỲȻתʼ¡һһƬš
ˣΪ̽ỲĵҪ֮ǰѨ˯ȥ
ҧ촽±ƣԸûû֪ոմỲĻôʲˡ

ҹ˾ֵϼʲôӰ
жʱĸ˵ǧ⡣֪һӵǧζܺã˺Զ·ȥ򡣵ĸԳԵˡ
Ӱӻ谵Сס
ƳһŴΰ棬קָߵ䴦ʣʲô£
Ŵֹ
ΰ濴ŴһۣڣǸóƺ򽫾⽫
䣬Ŵæ˻еģ磬ڿų͢ٺ»ų͢ıˣˡҲøŵǵҳӵǲܲ밡
˵ǰѾˡ
д仰Ǿͷˣ
Ÿ磬£ҺŴܸ紦ˣ
۾ңʹķԶľ룬ȻԿΡʹһǡ
ҪƷӹ

˯ţʱỲѾˡֽϵѽ⿪ƿӸҪ´ǸСǺС
ǸСǺкܾãŽƿӣȡĺ䣬ȻԼȹӡ
ֹ˽ӣ¥
һ¥һ¥ȥỲѲڲȻ¹»ٽָȴͥԺпỲ⡣
Ỳվһ̴£̧˵ֻϲȵ
߹ȥһֻͬߴߴֵϲȵʳʵĻޢޢơҪ𣿡
ջߣ
֮˵ֻϲȵһǰһطˡỲתЦһҪԼı֡ۼҵ⣬ۼҵı֮ͳۼȡֵ
һԼʶԼ˼ƺЩôġֳỲһȥָ֡ϣ˵úôš
Ỳɫһ˵ôһίú޲ðۼҵƤһ֡
һûҵ׼ȷĴݡ
˵ΪԼƤ˼Ҳûɡ˵ҸԼҽڣͻСءûԡš
ŴʱỲãʣ̨Ǹ˾𣿡
ỲỺ￴ˣ
šͷûõˣӡˡ
˵ʵҲỲ߹ڲӪںὫĵĸҪʱ
ỲƵزתָϸ׵ĺ䡣۾˵ڽˡ
Щϧǹ£Ȼˡ
ỲЦһȻˣȥʹñǡ
ˣæ˵


38 
ϧۼҺĽȥʹ, ϧʲôϧ˸ʹûζʹȫˣỲƵ˵š
Ỳ˵ġʹʹá
Ỳ۾ʣȫ˲Ÿ߹ȫ˱˸µȶϧ
ŵĶˡ
⻰̫ˡ
, ¶ϧɫʱỲδҪˡỲⲻ֪Ȼ֪ġƣôⶼ⡣
ۿỲ⻹Ҫٿ, ֱת
Ỳһڣͼתȵ, Ҳס˿ڡ
û߶ԶԶһɵС, ߵỲ棬СӷỲǰ
Ỳⲻ, Ҫʲô
ȹ̧һ¶Ь, СӡСխխλһ¡Ỳ̧̧, һѡ
߬Ỳ½󣬽ǰһ㡣
ỲȻ֪ҪʲôˡƵؿڣҪ
ֱӴչȥĻ
Ŀ, ӳӡеԼỲȻеİ
, ȹǰȥḧỲϡỲûջʼմࡣ
֮, Ž೤ǡ
ӡϲֻö졣
ỲӯӯС쿪Ϻ, ̧֣Ĵָָ˹һԼĴߣȻϳǻʲôƴʶ
û˵ѽ۾һ޹⣬ôѱͷҧˡ
ỲЦһ̲˵ķӶۼҵ죬ҲӶġ
⻰ôе죿
ü˵ɰɣӡ˵Щɷ羰Ļơ
ֿڣΪԣӡΪʲôûͼֺõĹ˵¹ȥ
Ỳ⿴
˾Ҳֺõˣӡ벻أձһСĵˣȵ˶ûС
˰աỲۣ
һƿߡ
ҪʲôģôʹģòãССǸݰϸƤģۼҲڣҲöϡ˵벻ǣ
ã׶ˡ
ͷԼȹڳỲİϣ
ֻӡһҲˡȥỲ֣ʳָָָ߬
ʼҪ˵Ųţ˵
Ỳͷءšһ˵˾䣺Źԡ

ǵĽջ£𡣵ȷˣڲ󵢸ãŲҴҴص¹ʱöЩ
֪˽Ҫʵۺͳ佫ȥԣŮԲͬУɲ١ɭ䣬ÿλҪů¯ůӡһůһųµ
ˣū˵ﻹûѡҪ˵ᳳ֡ūȴֻ˵ｻͷҪ˯˳֣ŽˡūŴߵʱǺܿġ
ϴμϻǰϡĥһ£ҲһʱãȻ֪㲻㲻ɢŤͷܵľǿСӰЩζ
ϵĺһЩԸȥѡҪһѣȥһˡǰ˲죬СӽͰˣֳ˱Ÿɲǵùȥһˣ˺塣
պ˸ģҪȥСġ
εҡҡͷ
ѯʣձ¸ʲôͣ
¾ͽʵʹ͵Ķһһ˵ˡǶŹƣûʲôֵעġ˵ʹǳӼҾҲȻų̂ȥݵĵֺõŮٰ糼ޣҲϼѡⲻҪҰʷһʡʵ˱ݡƫƫʵɵģֱӿ˿ڡ
ԭ˴ﶼϺˣȡΪǧʵǸԭ̫ãǰʱСҥڽͷβĺͯгС
ӽԣȥ轣õĽԴǣ˵Ҳǡ
ǰᡣ
һͷûм֪Ҳ֮ڿڵĻƶûеĻõĽ
һ뵽ʵ۽аһŶСϣһġ
ỽ
ԭѾãɫԽԽѿ²֪飬ΪڲǱ衣Ͻͷ۵ıѹȥ
ع̾һմ㻻¡߽˾Ůٳ̹ˡ
˾Ů٣
е⡣
һγ̣ӡǸׯصĹ⹬ŮٵģЩ¡ֻ˾Ů٣һ뵽飬ûʲô¡
ּҪΪźڡί˵ǣҪ֪ʵ۵ʱԭʮֱִɲæ˵ͳϸֻ
ʵ̫࣬ʵ۳ƾϲáھȻҪŮźú룬һˡ
ԼŰͺá˵ûĹ顣
̵ȻԼͰáֻ¶Զֽŵĵطܶ࣬£Ҳ̽ʺ˼
֪ʺ˼ϥ˵ԼὫ鴦ãȻˡ
Ҳûȳ£ȥ£żҪϡ
ߵʱ򣬳һ¡
ŵ̴ζ
̶̴ζǿ̫Ϥˡ

Ҵȥϣȵסȴ֪˯
Ůƺû˯ãū澼νȥ鿴ʱȥҲѵ硣һҪʺū˵ʺæִⱧȥû»Ʋ֣˶ȥԼűˡūٽȥƣ˯ˡ
ǰСӵʧĹ̡
Ը˶ظţԼһŵؽӣϵĴ£źߵСӡ
˯ȴòƲǺߣСüͷš
ҪС߽͵͵ġ
չȥ˯дſǻૣҪʵء¡ء
һ㶣ﱻһ¡
һϵϵλͷʼⸯõƻδʹϵԸ
ϣ뵱ʵ۰
ãȻشš
ȻȻֶδ޴ʧܸС
ֹ˺þãԺ۾
ͷҪȥǺñӡ
ȴȻɴ۾ֵץסԼıӣ
һ㶣ջ֡
Сӵ۾︡ãգգۣգգۣſߵץűӵ̵ɿ
جʡ
ϺҵصͷС죺㻹ҵ
ҡͷ˵ĸŻæûôʱ϶
֪ϵͷСֿٱϵơ
ԭСĸûǡСԹϵֵͣСĸЦˡ
ϰ磬Ż¹
һ뿪ϵЦݱˣϳԽ߸ߵĺɫǽԶɽ͡ůԶɽĻѩЩڻĻѩȴ˱
ˣ
Ỳһԭһһ߳Ỳߵˣһ
ӡҪȥ
Ỳ˹¹ڻ²ʹۼѡֲĴȥȻˣְǸȥա
μʺ򸣡ֺͰݴỲ߳صشʰ

ǸӣԲ򣬻Ǹͺӡ
ǸӣһϸĹһȱ
ӡˡỲ첲Ȼ´ֱָھʱһ˴


39 ̤
ỲԶ, ĿԶֱӰչԺǽˣỲջߡƣԼֱ, 
С̫˳ŲҴҵشԶϹỲһȻӡ, ȥˡ
Ỳû˵ԭ־Ƭ, ת˷򣬳ȥ
Ỳ˳ͳȥ, ͵̹չỲȥչĵڶˡ
͹ȥĵһڲǷ⡣
ǵһ, ֻдһ仰
ʵٳӼҾ츰磬ּmɻ衣
ʵ۶ȻԽ˿Խáٹٹؿƿ, Ů澡˼ˣø⻨˼, ǾͻͼӴ׵˵ȥǽɢоķ
ֿβ̸۵ȴϷˣʿǵս֮Ůηˬ
Ỳԭļƻྶͥ
ỲⲦһȦָϵĺ䣬һ뿪ķ
, ȥչĵڶҲдļ򵥡
Ȱƣʵƺ任֡
չдūʵûū, ޲Ϊ檡
ȻˣỲ͹ȥŲԼ壬Խ塣жλ֮, ̤֮⡣ǣǳأҲ

סй̹ⱦ̹й, ȴǰΪĳλʹֻǽһխ
ջص¹˵˵ĺΪ
ԭȺ֮󣬾ԴĹ澶ֶţȥ֡˵һ¼Ҳʲô¡ֳĶʵ̫ЩͲʲôˣ蹬йŮķʽ롣
Ȼأ֮ˣʡ
̾˿ҡҡͷ
ߣʹеĽȥô׼顣ûʳڡΪ˶֪
Ǹ裬жһ£˾಻˭ҲҶ
ԭΪԣҪŻû뵽ʵ۰ʹ˻ˡȥһһص·̣ⳡĪǸտʼͽˡ
ôôԵʱʲôˣѯʡ
С÷Ӳ˲ϵĺҲ㲻Ϸʲô飬˵Ըտʼ±ƲҲŻ
С÷¹ڻ¡£ˣһЩ㹬飬ȡգһ˵ǰС÷ȥʵߵС̫Ϣ

üͷĥһ£ʣ³ʱӡ
С÷һ㶣۾ô֪˵ʱӡһչִߣ²Ųò
ͷó¸С÷ͣȥˡ
빬ڶҪһͬȥʱϣеظܵʵ۲ỲʱĽţԼỲ޼ɵ
ûỲߣʵۺ˴ɱµĵزô˱ֻҪỲⲻڣͲỲⲻ᲻֪ʵǹⲻȥģЦʵ۵ĵС
󵽻ʵۼҪʱչȻҪڿˡ
̾˿
ϴţɫ̻̣ǣڷɢעǰ˵Ҫү££ҪҪѽ
ţȡɡ
ʱĸ߸׺ֳ·ĺ¡ˣҲˣֲźѾһˣδ멡
ʰϣ˵Ӻ¸ء
Ҿ£Ҳᴩġ˵
Ϊʲôѽʰţ۾ȴġ
һۣˣԼ롣
ЦЦҲʰǽ͡
ʰԼĥ˺һС˵ˣүֻᴩ˸¡
£Ҳ߻弸ӡʰ߻ãҲϲ£ӴûãԼܳȥˡ
ʱȷ߻һרĵһһ߷ţŵ˳ȥϵʳ׼ˡ
ź࣬ÿ˸˾ְʲôƫ»ǰʱһ㵽չ
ʰǲū
СʱȻʱӣɻܻš˲ãһصķ纮һֻʣˣ֪÷յʱж¡꣬ʰꡣŻȥʰ˺Զ·ȥҽ
ŶżҽûҽأĿ֮±ӱߡûȥ뱻ӱߵ³ʲôĶڵϵ˹ܻģ
磬ȾǸСá
ǳµһμڻССġ²֪û˰꣬ʱȥֻӣôСô԰ԹԿڸĻ˵ܷ
õþˣҽ޵״ΣǶ˵ûǲѲˣ
ֳ̧ͷ̵ģȴ漫ˣġҶѹҲеģ
վ£Źȥ
£ⷢʲôأ鱧һ̳߹
ջ˼ʣʲô
͹ĹӾơʺϴκ˺ϲһ̳ӹ˵ţߡ
¶һ䣺̫ҽƽʱ򣬵һӾơ
һ㶣һЦ˵½㣬Ҳ̫ˡеڹ¶ѽҪҲôĿŵ⣬һһ׼ҽҲûкѽ˵ˣΣӾ¡ޡ
ϽֹԼĻ
˵ĶԣĿŵ¶ֻǻʺǳҩġӾƵϺԵҩʲôɻ䡣˵
ǳ½ܵӦˣž̳ӽݡ
˵ʲôأͷѣû̧ͷ
齫ӾƷ£˵ĹӾˡ½㽻̫ҽʱ򿴿ƶƽԵҩûӰ졣
һ£ԼӾˣҲûﲻʡӾƵȷζͿζƫ𣬺ϲòһ
߻ˣҵƽľ̲סȥ˵顣Ҫˣôʱ䣬ʼӲ֪Ҫٹۡ
İٵˣڴĶǣ裬ǱȻ񡣿ǡƵ˾ࡣ
齫ӾƵݸ˳˵˾䣺ϲӾơ
ܺúȵģ㳢Ĳɵػ˾䡣
лظԼһ㡣ӾڣüϲڡʹͣǰѱʣµĹӾҲˣ˵ϲڡ
ȾйӾƣ˵岻ãСշҩԵҩȺȵˮࡣǿġԶĶ
ᡣ
еľյ£Ըˣȥ׼ӡƽհԵĲȣʳţȥԡ
֪ỲҪΪš

Ỳʱغαϣ÷ڳԡ
ȻỲϲǡΪʲôϲڣ
ʳзϣһ붬棬һԡţüһû³ǿˡ
ỲƳһۣʣôѳ𣿡
ֿɬֱǱԹѳԵĶ˵档ߵỲǰʣӡԹѳԵĶʲô
ĸ⡣Ỳ⽫һ÷ӽС
ʲôԼˡ
ĸ⡣Ỳظһ飬첲ϵģһ飬ٿ͸Ͻϣĭ
Ỳ÷ǡ
ʱÿǸζŻľûʲôоˡ


40 
Ӱ, ɢСƵ˵Ļִڹȥȥ, Ҳ׼߽ȥ
վỲǰ㶵ġ
÷ǳԾỲ̧̧, Ʊɵ˵Сʺ
𣿡ʡ
ҡҡͷ
Ỳ⽫ǵ˻Լǳˡִڷ, վߣĵ, վӰյþް㳯
ʶһ
ỲⲢûôС, ӡƿʳеĸӣƳһĲȡ
첽߹ȥ, ʳĲһһڳ
ˮඹɶ˿ƹϡ輦˿һࡣ
ʹ, ЩӡϲġӵݸỲ⣬ˣԼҲ˿档
Ỳ˹سŶ, Сҧһ飬̽ſڣӡĸһ, ֪ӡķ⡭
Ȼס˿ڡȻʶ⻰δضԡ
ỲĴǹһĨЦɫȾϼ˷ܡ˵϶, Ǳۼġ˵ۼˣ˺ôһѪСغ
ǰỲ, ̲סǵỲϴ澯ֻԼ϶˱׾ء
ã

Ĳǰаħ˵˼ںĸ𣿺޵ֲƫƫֻ׼Լޣ˲˵װ䲻ã
Ŭһ˵ĸܻĵʣӡĸأ
ȻˡỲ⡣ඹÿһеȵġ˵ĸײ˶ЩʬŹ顣
ԷأǱ˵ˣСʺθڳԲȥ
Ỳ⣬ü˼ǡΪԼŬĥʵܿա
ﲻ̽ˣۼȻһûĹûаҲޡΨһߵýģֻǼͽɵġ
Ỳ¿ӣȥ衣
Ȼס֡
Ỳ̧ۣ
ӡ벻мˣỲĴϣӡ벻뱾ΪļˣÿÿնһԶԶһáֱĳһȥŻֹ
Ĵָ˵Ĵ֡
ỲȴֻÿЦЦһʣҪʲô
ҪʲôҪ˲ҪΪ뻤Щ޹Ĺˡ˵˵黰ͱα˵ѵ²
Ỳ֣ȡ
ٿڣ룬ÿһ˶ӦĺáʹҲ֪Ҳ᲻ڡ
ỲЩͷ˵ֱܲЩ
˵ǡ㡣ո˵Ļ֪˲ֻơŬȥһأҳŬӡϣӡɼأ
Ỳ⳰ƳòעˣãΪۼһ𣿡
ỲЩͰʹɵС̫ûʲô𣬲һ֡
ģ
ʲôЦأ
˻ᰮʺŶɵϲ
˻ģǳǶԷҲǸɵӣɵ͸֡
οỲҲϡ
ߵ࣬ǿƵ°̧ͣӸµٿЩ鰮ϷӣۼҶĲȤ
£ץ˼Ķ棬
ۼֻôȤס𣿡
һ̲ס£ҧ˵סˡ
ͶˣỲַŻƵϳǻѾλۼҵĺ£Ҫۼˡס𣿡
סˡ۾Ũ۽޽
ỲⴹۿȻ뿴۾Ūһ۾
ֹһȽĶóһˡ

գ˵ĶԽԽҡ
Ѿ۸еĹŮڻ£Թ֡
ºˣ˼λȥԭչԼūź¡ݡ¾˺ȥչںܶڴǰšĹȥ
һŵ֡
б˵ĵ𣿡
ҲûߣȴȰԣ
ʰСŽɫѿ˼λȥ̹ɡ
Σתͷʲ飺ӡڲ𣿡
ڣæͷ
һηѹȥվԸȥ̹
ڲȥ°Ȱ»ûѾơչԶж⣡
顣
ʱ䣬̹ʱѾվӡǰ˶٣ȥʬ
ױذףתߡ
ſڡ
£öҵġˣѾΨһĺˣȻҪǰ
ҡͷ²ֻҲԸһ£⣬¸ʲô
á䴽ӮȻϲˣһˣǿҲҪǣˣȲ˾жͷɶ˻һأǻͬھ
Ҳȥʰ˵
֪Լ£ߵ˶ǣҲֹʰǡ
ǣڻŮС̫ҲҪȥϷߣո˵ҪȥС̫࣬׽˽뷨˵ˣĸС̫ҲذײѥȻͬ

̹ϯѬ졣£ǳžƣ§ԭ
ʵ۴ʱȴһȾơʵ̫ʱѾ˯ˡ
һ˹Ỳⲻߣһǧһٸġڹ֪ỲڹʹǰҲǰġ˾֮ǿǺ޹˼ɣ˯ȫȻǳȥʱηģ
ԭʺˣ
˶ͣ˵ЦЩ⡣
ĺһſڵķ۽Ҫ̤Ӱһ롣
˶ſڵģһ˿˿ηѹȥڡ
£ӱ»ȥĿ󷽷ɨڣչϣ
չѾ֪ԭʵ۵ĵԣ´ĿԽ޼ɵµشҲػĿ̫Ŀŵ˵һ仰˶Ц
ˣ˵ԭʺ˭˯һأ
չоƱվλƵس߹˵˯šȥӱ¡
ֱסקõײײϣǣһʹ
˴Ц
Ժ⣬ۿ嵶ߵط
չһקֺȻ֡Źԣӳǰˤеذ׵ˡ
չְקЦߣȥĻʵۡ
֣վſȥץűߣŬһʱ䡣
չЦԭʺб֣֣
֡
˵ȴ
۾˿֪ԼӮˡ
չһ͵һſڡ
ỲԶ̧ڣһһϵ멡
ߵǰŽĿչϣɭɭڣ֡
չ֣һ
Ỳ¿ϣǷС۵ݸۼȥ
û
λ͸ģĻȥỲҧгݡ
ǯƵɺ͹˵㣬ӿȥ
䴽ַСϣ
ʾ
һỲޱ顣
ȴ˷ʮˣǶ˫ˣһ


41 ĸ
᯸߽ԭشƬ, ЩΪԼˡỲµġľѾ̫áɱˣ᯸߽˽²֪ĻʵߣȻսеĵһ, µľ⼸Թ鷢йѪϴ̹
Ỳķ, Խ˷ȥ̧𣬻¹ỲڷԱ, ĿǰϿʲô
Ĵһ, ʵڴɫ̽ʲôջ, ۾΢紵ϵ멣㱻½, ˼š
¹ͣ£·, ֵݸỲ⣬ߡ
ںĳºʰǶһۣ˶Էеĵǡճ̹ʱ, ¾ͷԸС÷ӸϿȥ̫ҽ¹, ַԸС̫ȥһߡ
Ỳԥһ£סҪȥʰǡʰҡͷ, ѰЩԵĹ˶֧վ⣬Žյķ, ǵü
ֻˡ
ԭܵôỲ⣬ὫӼŭڵһ̣ȴĪʮƽỲСϵַԼ˱ˮȡȥһ˱̹ĲˮѾ˴룬ֻһ¶ȡ
ỲԾվڽʱĵطû
Ĳյ£ȿڣˣ̫ҽһҲ鿴ӡܰﱾ𣿡
ỲƳƳţûڣҲû
Խϵ½¶ɫ¡ƿ½ǣԼȥ鿴ʹ̵ࡣۣһײʵײòᣬŶãѾԳһƬࡣ
üͷָͷСص˵㡣
ûۼҲȥأ
ӡġ˵ûаԭỲⲻҪļƻûҪ˵
ỲЦһ߹ȥǰָϥ棺һΣһٻۼҵ顣ۼҾȡ
̧۾üţ˵ϥҲˤˡ
ỲӰΣʱ͡Σÿϥϵ֣תɫȹϥϣֽFĶF¶ѩɫСȣСϵĲˡFҲ쵽ϥϣȻ¶ˤϥǡ
Ỳָϥǣḧһ飬˺۵Сȣʣˣ
ƨɡ˵һûˤ˵ʲôǱڵأӡƣ
ỲⱻЦˡʱˣСʺòأ˴ԴСͷֱһᡣ
ѵδڣ˹ס޲˵ںһ顣
֡Ỳ
û֣ҡҡͷỲĶ䴵˵βܺӡأӡϲҲܡ
ỲЦǲĻѻڻСʺ˵ʱܲװһЩԼ𣿡
°ͣսԽȥǲͷպ±䱾
ָָۡỲ֡
Ỳⶢû
̽ȥỲ֣°͵
Ỳ°ͣĺۡ
ǽˡ
Ỳ֣ѹϡüԹеߺζĺ۵ġӡҪʲôȤζϷŶӡҪͷҲȱϲô˺ò
ͷֱ˵
áͷſ죬СͷֱֱģȻչȥһỲüġ
̫ҽԺĽԺеˡ
Ỳ⽫⿪ãȥȥЪš߳ݣҲûýԺиֱ˵˼ҩʽԺпɴˡ
ѾЪˣȥˡ
ԺǰѲ֪ʺô˵ģϱҩϻżӦûõҩỲ˵ǼҩһڷҩûҩǶˣֱȡ¡ûڷҩ¹С̫Сȥ̫ҽԺȡҩ
ỲͷһݣαһᲽߡ
ֻһߣʱһԵ¹˸Ҵ
ỲԶºʰǸæݣȥỲԺҩ˵ˡ
ֲ̫ҽʡ
ǰƽҲ̫ҽԺ̫ҽտ
ūȥˣ̫ҽǰո˼١ʰ˵Ҫˣ̫ҽҲǸհᵽУæɡ
ЦЦ˵ӦȥʲôҪĲҩˡ
ﻹЦǶҪˡüﻹǱ˵ˣЪϢɡ
ҡҡͷ˵ȥҪһȥļŮС̫඼͵ġ
ŮС̫ܿһ
ǵĲࡣڡ
˶˼ҳϲɫǺЩǮʺ˵æ̿˵Ѿܶˡ
ҡͷٿڣһ͡
˶Ϣ֣
ȴֱ˵ǵܸʱȻ֪
˱û˻ʺҪǣǹΪĸˣǸףĸԸҳϡ
С÷Ц˵Ǽ׷Ǹ¿ʼ
ǣʹŮһԲһԲСֱ̫ƽʢ̡ͨ͡ᣬ񿵡ֱȡ̫.ƽʢͨ˺͡庣̡︷񰲡ᡢ︷
ʱͽԲֻΪһǻѪѡ׷ʱΨһվĻʺǲ֪ǵֻʷϡǶûʲô飬֪Լʲô˼ǺͰݡֵһʷϵʱ򣬲Ż὾ԼֱȰֺͰˡ
ֺͰݴ˿ڽྐྵӶ
ʱѾɫˣѯ˹˱̹򵥳һţָ˴ҩڴЪϢ
ܳţǲȥġ
ż춯ʱ⣬ڻ谵ļӴỲƿᣡ
ŴͷΨһһյƵĻ谵ӰỲĶһӣһӡ
۽޲˲ʶ߬˱졣һ̣߬űɿüô
ϵıӻ䡣
֪Ỳ֮ǰѾԼɾˡ

ʱڱ̹ڹȻ󲨡Ǹֵӻūţ˽š֪˱Ѫϴҹߡ
Ȼʱ黹ûдҰ䡣Ϲ꣬ǰҹУͷܶʮ֡
ŸȥҹвҪĶܶ࣬͸׷ֿԲţŬӵȺһСײһˣæǸ
ذ̧ͷҡͷ޷
һ˵֪㡣
ĬĬſڣҲ֪㡣Ů
Ц¶һСѡ
ӵԲϣһǺ«ͣߡ˵Ǻ«ǰߣ͵ؽǺ«
Ǻ«ɣ˶Ц
Сɽһ졣
һݸ
лл硣󷽷ؽӹڰߺ
һԾȺȵĿУزź浽˶԰
ǣƥһƥģȴǧԡһƥܵģȴƯй
֪ǸǸԼģƯǸСùõġ
ףˣǺ«󣿡
ʮߡ
ҧһǺ«Ҵꡣףô𣿡


42 
һŵķ, ѾӵȺţʧ
ףȥ׵½ǡ
ܡЦ˵, ҵ䡣
ˡȥǣԼСȴû׼, տʼѧСƢƿز, ƥº͵ƯϣŮǣ֡
֮, Ӱ
ǣŮźϣһ·߻ؼ, ƽ͵Щ꼸δйᡣ
ϣεȴһϵΡξϡŹ߰, ε
Žȥ䡣縸˵, ˣ˫۾˵ˡ
ЦˡⶼЦ
ܶǰһ͵͵, ϰߡڶȴˣࡣ
һֱŮ, ȥŽȥȴû˯ѣǴڴϡ
ôˣجˣ߹ȥڴ, ЩЦŮӴ󣬿ɺΪجš
תͷĸס۾ͰͣѪ, öѪӡ
һ㶣Цˡ
ôЦίر졣
ؽŮ§˵񳤴ˣԺСˡ
ĸ׵Ļ¶ʣǻܸѧ𣿡
첻СŮȥҲ˵վͿˡ
տҲ̲Ϊһ֪̹̽˹

ӷصĴ֣ȥСϵˮŬ֣ȴΪױڴϣʼղһûõ
йҲȥˮȣشƴỲ⡣ỲͷͿҩ֭ƸϵĲ˴
һˣɿ𣿡ʡ
ỲƵؿڣۼֻһȣû֡ǲϲֲûֽ⡣
شҴҵһָۣϿջߡҪԼǲļơ
ỲǸӡǸھͷڴͷСϣûд򿪣Ҳ֪װʲô
ӰȰԼӽˣǲҪǺĶͷˣ
ֵǸװĶʲôȴϵʲôö
̧̧һֻûбŵȣýż˵Ỳϥǣɤӣ˰ɡӡĲȥ糯ˣ
ỲⲢնȥ糯˱̹飬ỲҪȥġ
ỲոϵĲ˴ͿҩϸȥĲҩ֭Ƴ߹ĽţȻסĽףϥϡĽָֺҧҧ
һһʹ鴫ûڴϵ΢΢߬űӣǿüܡ
Ỳɿ
æԼؽӵĽֺ
ﷸ˴ǱҪܵͷġۼұӺݳһ٣޺ۻѿĺۼΪ᲻áỲ̽סĽףһ·ϸ塣ҪĽֺҧΣ
ȥĽֺ
ûӲ飬ӲͷƤ˵ȱ˽ֺǾͲˡ
ỲƵģۼҧֱ֮ˡۼﻹġ
һ⡣治ỲĻ漸ּ٣͵͵һ
Ỳ⡰һۼҿ治֪ʱʹСԶ
۾ĥһ̧۵ʱỲĿ⺬ŵ˵𣿲ɱ˼ٸˣѵΪӡ
Ỳ⿪ڣ˵ȥӡбµˣżһôˣżΪһΣʲô˲õĴ𣿡
Ỳ⻰û⣬Ѱ˵ƤԽԽˡ
ӡļƻһһΣӡޢޢȴֻһỲĲӣȥĴǡ
ʱźỲˡ
ȫˣ˼ƻʹøЩôǺСڣֻÿһ׽ʱˡÿνִỲʱСһСĳĲȱļɻ䡣
Ỳ˰ϵӣǷˮιȡֻĶᣬˮĴʪ

Ỳûþ뿪¹ǰȥˡµĲỲҪȥ糯Ỳһ뿪ˡ½ջв
ϴӱ̹ЩĸͷʰǽҪ𣿻ū澸ת⣿

Щˣǵ֣عݣȻְһͨ
Щ뿪֮ƽʢЦǺǵؽһ磬᯸߽ܻɰ
ƽʢѾС÷ӡ
Ǽλұȥ̹ɽҲǻûȽˡ
һüͷ̾
¸߶
˰дĹϹȿڣǰռ轣֪ʱ͵ѧôı¡һѷıһؼøȥ
û˵
̾˿ʣ磬ҿɲ԰Լܸ㣿
ڸﻹҪܣʡ
й˶£ºʰǶûģʧõֳڣ빬û޹
и־ȡ
ҵ޵һֱܵͨ󡣡
͵վǰһվǰҪٶ˵ʲô׵ģ
վ˸ֳţ˵粻ҪҲҪΪۡ㣬Ѿ˺ܶˡ
ֱۻֳֳ࣬ϣ˵ûлͷ·ߣҲ߻ͷ·
ΣŽ̧֣õļ
Щƣı۾ղ˲ֳš˵磬֪ʲôỲûҸô졣
濼ǹġȥ˵֪߱ȴһ֮ĸѪ̹ὫʹشҵܼһججĳӡðշĸʹӢһţֵã
ʶǸСѾˣֻѹĳɳʹǵңұˡ
˵֪ˡ
ϸζһ仰̧ػ
ߵʱȻס
磡
վſڣһ۵á
䴽óϤĹģ˵統֪ޢޢҪʲôҲλŵǸ϶ˡ

ʱǰ
ٹΪִ̹š
˷Ƚ˴ɷ𷣾ǣѪͱ̹ʵڷٰ֮
ȿɺչϵáϢȥȿɺȻŭʱҪ׷˵Ҫսҡ
ȻãǺ֮Դ벻֮Ҵΰ
ȻҲ佫㷢սǴ뻹ɣ
ܿ챻սû
ỲֻȺִĳǳķûô
ŲҴҵشߵỲ࣬һСǺеݸǻʺ͹ġ
Ỳ̧̧ۣƳһǸСǺУӹѺиƿ
ԭֻһѰ÷ǡ
ʵҲǳԿʹ⣬ȿɺҪʱΰ
Ŀ㶼
ȣ
ỲǰȻࡣ÷ԡ
Ǿͣ££֣ˡ


43 ȱ
Ỳ˵, ȴʹ졣ȵȷ㲻ʲô£ỲⲻԸκһ˳޵顣
ʵỲĲʹɢˡ
ʵۼ˵ԿĻհܲǲɣ޿, Ӧս
СȥỲɫȥҪǨɣϱȥһܣ֪Ǵıս, ҲͲأ򡢻߻Ҫ·;Ըһ·׷ȥϱߡ
ҪӭսĳỲһˡ, 鼤¶ЦʱΪ˻ʵ۵Ļϵı齩
гһ, Ȱ£򲻡
ỲǸӵĻŻʵ, ޣʥ
ʵЦţ㷢ĵ, ӣеεЦ
ỲƵزŪָϵĺ, Цһ
гӸŸͣʥ
ʥ
ʥ
ʥ

һһþòЪĿʵЦ, ЩԼҪԼʥʵ۵ȻԸ̡ʼˣҪǮΪǽ¥Ѿ֪Ỳ, ʵۻ֪ܵãȻҪŻǻʵ۵ʱְ
Ỳ⺬ЦϵĻʵۡΪ˵ʵۣʵǵѡ񡣺ܶʱ, ʵ۵Ļӹ֮٣Ỳⶼʰ·硣
Ỳ÷ǲڣƽʢǵԵ, ȥ糯ϵƽʢܻ¹ʱлļλҪ뿪һֱǵ˵ľοã֣ǽڵһλ
ɫȻλɸʱ˵໰
֪ʺ⣬м֮࣬ȰԼҪǿЩҪȻԲʺС̲סίǰԼСüĻʺʺûɣֻйػ̲ۡס۾˵ȰĶԣֻʵܡ
˾Ϳһޡ
˵һӾӿ
˺һƽЩԸᡣ
ίԿޣȴҪΪ˵ıͷԼԲвöΣΪ˵İס˶٣ʵܣͰίɷĺޡ
뿪ʱĥ˵Ļڹսǵĵطţ紵ϡ˸뷨תȥսõѯ
һƻ
ƻǰղ⼸˸ðСѿѿƻַҲһ֮겻ɵģҪÿһݿС

ƽʢҲ뿪Žȥػ糯ϵһһʮ
˵۾
ǰӡӦˣû뵽¾Ȼսū˵źĹˣ˵ʱٹɫɾˡ
ƽʢΪ˵ġָʵۣȻ˵ȴỲ⡣
޲ھͼỲ⡣Ỳڲڲתߵϥ£һ߻멣һߺʰٸӾơ
ʰǸȥʱ˵˰̳ˡ
üŷԼ⼸ղ֪ӾơƱˡ
ʰ˵˵̫ҽǰܽԹˣû
һԵĳҡͷ˻Ŀŵ¶ԳʲôӦ̫ҽӾƺƽȵҩǲǷɻ䡣̫ҽûҪ̳Ӷȹˡ

ҩЧܺáһѣСϵĲ۶߰˰ˣҲֻۡײһµȷеأһʱܺõġ
ڴһ߻һߵỲǵ˺ʱҲûй
߻ŵȷȥ˻ΣȷѳײˣŲȥ
ƿżʱһ۴ͷСϣǸỲϴû򿪹ģĺӡ
߹ȥָڴϣԥһ£ûдӣת߽˰
һ¥£˳˳һŹӶһ졣Ͻ
ǰߡ
ӡ¥ϡ̶ȥˡ˳ֽͣһ̶ˮӡżȥϴ
ߣ㶵ġ
ڣ̶ˮϴ裿
˳һֱߣָָ˵ȥһֱǰ߾ܿԶ
ӡ𣿡
ûС
룬ûòţԼ̶ȥ˳˵ĲǺ̶ȷֺֽңû߶þˮ
׵񷣬΢Ĺ⣬̶ˮ
Ỳۣī̷ˮ档մ¹Ӱˮӳϣ½롣
ȡ
Ỳ۾ٵˮӰ˫ģȥ
Ҫۼҹԡǻһ΢Ҳ֪ǲմ˺̶ˮԽԵ顣
̶ܱⷽδڵıҡͷ̫˽Լˣ˵⺮̶ϴ裬ֻǽ㣬ҪһỲҪȥһ䣺ˮ̫ˣ
Ỳ±۾
վں̶ԣĬĬˮеһź̶ᴵѼȹۣ֬һ
Ỳٴ۾ƳһۣȻתһ̶߷ŵ·ȥʪĺڷ¹ε׼ϡˮεδعȥ޳ȣ䡣
æͷȥҿ
ʶ佫ǿ׳֮ˣΪ䣬Ƥڻ򽡿ɫƫỲⲻߣȴǸӲġƤҲֵİףעرҲûס
ƫһվտ˽֪üûмỲ䣬̲סȥĿа
Ỳ˼ɵĺۣһ°׵멹ţߵߣƳϹĥʲô
̧ۿ
ỲȻϵˮնûкãĺȴʪϡʪҲûˮ䣬һʪա
ܣȥỲ֣һ˼Ȼϰؿ׮ڱỲˡȻ±֬ỲʪͷҺýմǳӣɴʵء
ỲЩƳʣʲôڣ
˵ӡҪȡϵĶûͣ
Ỳⲻ˵Ҫʧˣּ⣬Ǩս
ԥ˵ô˵Ҫӡ뷨Ҫ
ỲĬؿָһͷ˵ˣۼһȥҪϴһ顣
ϲ̶ˮȴˮ࣬ÿݹȥҪϸϴһΡ
һ㶣Ỳ⡣ô˵
ỲЦЦתߡ
˼ûĽŲɲػͷȥ
ͷһֱһŵһȹȹ¶̽ȥȵСš̽£ڹһֱһƨϡ
ỲⲻЦ
һ˹ȹӣ˶ׯׯվǰߣֻʲôûƫƫߵỲʱ򣬱һСʯСţһ²վȡ
Ʈƻ߰ȥ̫ܿҹ·
ỲǷС۵ݸ
멣Ҳܸܵϵʪ
ȥ֮˳˳ѸỲ׼³ϴˮվſڣûȥ
һ
Ỳʪ·һӣҲûˮȤζĸ߾
վͭǰԼĲȱ
ĶߴɺˣỲʡ
ỲӳϵӰãȻʣʲô
ĽỲƵ˵ۼǳߴӦǶԵġ


44 β
վһ, Ӧһ£ԼỲ˵ʲôỲӳϵӰȻպ
Ỳˮ, ָͰƵػȦ˵ۼҰСڵĴСġõ, ˺ÿƲơ
뵵ˮƹ磬Ʈ
㡢˵ˣת, ỲӳϵӰȥˡ
һȻ
ûãỲǻƵؿڣۼ˿, Щˮ
㣡˶ţٲ, ת첽߳ȥ
һǰߣһֱߵȾͷȴǰȴ, Сϰһ״ɺ, һֻڵ񱭡ԱҲֻһӡ
󣬴Ȼһ˶ӵĺۼ
ƿһССķ죬ó΢΢ҹ紵Ȼ, ΢ҹ紵̵ϡ
˺һϵĴɺ, еʡ֪еˮȻģǵС뱭˫ڵ񱭣ȴȻỲõġű, ҲǣҲǡ
Ỳ߳ʱ㿴űӴڴǰ߹ȥ, Ҳʣʹùˮװˮ࣬ΪѾȹˡ
ỲƳһϣȫȻûиӵʶҲû˵ʲôϵ·񣬲Žȫƿøҹ紵վڴǰɵʪ
̧һŵıӣջߴ۾
һһĬš
Σ̧۾شỲ⡪ڿʲôأ΢쳤˲ӣ˳ỲĿȥƫҹãֻģʲôҲ
֮Ỳ⽫еıӷ£ת¥ߡ
Ѿ˵ıӣһ۰״ɺջֱỲ⡣
¥ݣỲһȥƼϵİü
ֻ˳ѶȴûҪԼʰæ첽߽ȥ𿪣һһŽΨһǸ˫³
Ỳڴµĳ£æµʰšǰ˼һͷһױƺС
·źãͷûȥŵϣתỲָָ봰³мĵطʣڸױ̨𣿡
ỲⱧŸ첲ʣҪۼҳסˣ
ͷỲû˵գգۣ޹ˡдϣڷỲѵ
ỲĬˡ
ʱ϶˯һġ
űƵָϺ䡣Ҳ֪СʺĹϵôͳ
Сʺһѣȷǰ׸ҩ֮еϵȻҩûһ۾ˡ
Сʺ۵ģеȤζϾյĻʹﶼˮһ̶СʺΡΡӣһƬҶƮ䣬ôһ˿
ʱˡ
ƫСʺΪԼ˼Ч
Ц
һˣһûˣôɫȤ
ỲĬ̫ãϸͷս
Ỳ˼ţƳŵͷѹصʱ쿪ڣϿɴˣ
ҡҡͷ˵Ǳ֮ǰǡ
ˣһնûгԹǡ
ỲǿװĴݣڳ֡Ȼ㿴СʺССĲӿ첽߹ɢĽŲβγĻȡǰϴҲȫˡ
ֵݸỲ⣬˳ϡȻֻﻹͷæͷŵһȥ
Ỳİʾչȥ
ỲⴹۣŽߵСʺߴ鳤۽ޣƵ΢ա
ỲƿˣƵⶼ ˣǼް棿
ҧȻǱ˵еҲס
ỲίСģŻٿڣصͺһ˵ǲôᣬǴѧԼĥҲûְֽ̹ѽҪȥѰʵѧһѧ
ԸỲü˳־ҪƨʡŤܿȴСĳˣ˻һȥԼࡣỲ̧֣ٷʱš
СֹӡûûӡľͷƵģ𱾹ˣӡ˵⻰Ϊ㼼ءûپһϰ̽ѧ¡
ỲⱻЦˣ˵Ҫʹ˼ƹۼҡ
ѧʲôѧ
СֹšˣŴšỲ⵹û塣̧ʣֹʲô
ʹ󷽷İ뷨˵ˣǾӡϲ˶˳ӡ˳ţӡ־ȤҪűʱʱβ͡
ỲЦһָĦ°ͣ⻰˵ûֻаβ¶ƨʣƨÿ¶ϧˡ
㡢㣡һͣ˲䰫ȥ
ãû˵
ͷˡ
ỲȤζܴģ롪
Ҳаɡ
ʱδᷳ
ңҲͦÿ
ͦ档
ֱȤѵϸ΢Ȥ
Ỳϵ㣬Ȼ룬ˣԴСʺ᲻᲻ͬԼᳯȥ롣
ʮɴδʲôá
˴ֶԱģỲˣû֪ΪԱ
ỲĬ̫ã̧۾Сشɫʹ˵ЦûĽỲ⵱̸˵֮ˡĿģʱ޿̲ڽ봧Ħ
̽߬Ỳ½
Ỳ˼½ĿɫСϣۼ˵һȣձϲ˵̫磬֮زֹȣֻһġʮգҲҪ½
״˷̹֮֮ã֮ؾԭʲôѹ˼Ҳ
ҲỲ磬Ǵչȥᴵ˿Ỳ⿴ʱֺȻǳǳĺҧһ¡
۾ŻϲĹɻɣ
ǡỲͷ΢ָؽڻιĺᡣȻ͵ǰţָֿʼϸϸؿҧָ⡣
ܵãҧ
ؿỲĻָ⴫΢΢ʹԭỲﻻҪĶȻ뷨ŻԼ̰һЩΪãƴӣʹǶģֻҪġ
Լ̰һ
Ỳɿ֣ҧָ⣬Լݼϸ΢о
ûʲô


ԽԽŵƽʣζԽԽŨֹգһǳºʰǵʮɺϣպͬһ졣Ȼμǵæ飬ʱʱΪء
Ϊأ˰˾ƣϲ˵Ц̸֮ǰڽϵ顣ºʰǳ̸ţáһų˵Щ΢Ҳʱ
쵽ʱˡ
Ỳǰ֪
µ˳ͣ϶Ҹ÷˫΢죬ϲʲôģ
ҡҡͷ˵ɲߡ
˵ʰһԳճյЦҼǵãȥ˵˱˹ģҪһֱģ
üǴˡ˵ģ
Ỳڵһ࣬Ŀ΢΢Ĵǡ
Ŷʰɵֺǣ˵˺񡭡Ŷ


45 ͷ
ֻһ, ˫վȾһƬۺ졣ͷʰ˵Ӧеٶۡ
˱˹ģ, Ҫһֱġ
˵Ļ
̵գգ۾ˡǵģȥ˵Ļһʮ, ϣͼϵõĽġսõܽû, Ȳ˵׷, ĥһһ𰸡
ⲻС̸, ӦƮƮҹ
û뵽⻰֪ôС
ȥϰߡ˪ɫ, ʼ顣ȵͷ䣬ȥ䳡ϰ䡣
ɻôĳȥ
˪ɫ, һ˵䱻ɹ˻ô˹塣
ű磬¶۾
ôͺȻˣ
۾ĿתŵСƱϡΪ, Ҳ֪ûйңĪҪ˳Ϧꡣ
ǰ˵ЩüüȾ˼ֳ
ԲԲЦ˵ʲôʱ, ԾأЪ
ǰȻѾˡһظæƾҪʰϵ̡
齫, ˵ʰȥЪŰɡЩʰ
ԥһ£Ҳûƴǣʰһȥ, Ųʰ˸ǷСƱ£һԵȥϴ岻òƣҲһ㣬ϴһˡ
صʱԵĹŮˣֻ黹
Ѿˡȥ𣿡ѯʡ
ҡҡͷƵģȥˣȥ
˾ƣЩ룬ôİˣֻɽůıһߴŹǷһƹȥ
ЩЪšϨڼյƣֻ˰βΨһһյصƣתߡ
ŹǷƿᣣ£һֻƹϸһᡰһ
ڹŵĲѯʡ
û£ȥЪŰɡ˵
ŲĽŲԶתͷỲ⡣
صƽ΢Ĺ͸صĺɫͽðβﲻġ
ӡʲôʱģ
Ỳǰָߵţƿڣȥȡһյƽ
ԣ߳βȼϵһյýŵƸշڴͷСϣỲˡ
СϵĵƣĬƬ̡
峿澺ˡ⵹Сϰˣǳߣϲһߵȥ˹֮ʱڲ󣬱ֱù϶˻ٽź
½ŲҴҹʣﻹδˣ
Ĺҡҡͷ
ţСѰʣ𣿡
ųµʻ֪Ȼǳʲô¶ˡҲû˽ݣ˵ʲô飿
ԥһ£˵Ҫ
ڰû춯˺һ˵ɡ
úĹ澶£Լݡţƹβ˵˵ɡ
˸ոߵĹ澹Ϣޣ˵´һĹСΪ̫ӡ
ˣ
࣬Ҳֻ˵ӡΪ⻰ӦģϢһͶ⹬ûмˣȥͶ
ȥɡ˯ŴᣵŨŨľ⡣
ȷ룬Ϊ˯
뿪»ָֻżķ
β泯ţ˫һϷͼڸǰһҳҳΪỲⷭ컻
Ỳһ֧ɿڴ࣬һֻ˹ظš¼õ֬񶼲硣
һҳ˵һҳˡ
ỲƵءšһ
ŽϷͼŵһԣЩѱϷͼŵһӳһȥ෢Сȡ
Ỳڶڴϵ﷭˷˱Ļݸ
ֱִüݱȰʱǰǾҪĿ
ˣ˵ӡʱˡ
Ỳû˵
ڴϵһŲһŲỲ⿿˵ӡһҹ飬𣿡
ỲЦһ󣬵ۼѧɿһ塯֣
£֪Ỳʲôʱˡ
ɿתṴβ¶־Ỳ⡣ڣӡڳԴ𣿡
˵⻰Լ𣿡Ỳ⽫ͷǣսЩš˵Ļȴ飺̫Լˡ
ˣ֪ỲͷΪﷴ˿ŹǷȥϹ
̫ˡִ˸ǷȻСָȥ˹Ỳ֣ʣӡ˯һ
Ỳ⿴һֱӱ۾ʼ˯Цһ

˯磬ỲͲˡѴ¡ȻԼģҲǹ澽ġ
еԼ˯Ȼ
ϾûԹòᣬæ˽ֱԱ˶ӣڴ£ſʼĥʵҪΪ̫¶
Ȼϣ۱Ϊ̫ӡ
ۻûأôСͷ̫֮λʵǷסοףϲǳӣǻʺճʵһζۣܿǰδػӦеĳֹܲ˻ʵۻ治˵
̾һ߶ҲױΪζ϶˲ϲ
һԵĲֹ
лֱ˵ǡ
Ҳûˣѹ˵ʺ֪ūǰɹµġԡ˵ɹɹ²á
˵ľսϾ¹á˵ͺˣֱҧŴ£޲ôԼơҲ֪ô£źҲûãʲô˵ˣ
ס
ʵۻϲĺӣ
ˣǳɻϱ°еġϸڲΪ֪ʵɡ
ŵͨͨţΪϵİΣšȻʶʵģǹ֮ǰֻһӣͲ

磬뿪¹ȥѰɡ
ľ֣ĿɨһۿڸߴͤỲ⡣ԥһ£÷ͣ£ųͤȥ
ỲͿһߵǰŷһ䣺򰲡
ȻĿԽͤС̫ϡŲæȻмҪ
Ҳע⵽ˣ˳ỲĿȥ
С̫һȸ밲ӡ۵زˡ
͵תͷỲ⡣
Ỳ˰֣ŵС̫첽Сȥ
ỲƳһۣЦĶۼңԲܳʲô¶һ뵽ĶۼҸɵġ
һջߡ
һֻŸɽͤƾϡỲȡŸϵͰһ߲ţһƵ˵ۼҲɱġ
̧ۣϸ顣
ỲţտԪΣˡʱں֣֮Ψ游ȡ죬ҶɽȫҽҲŮ
˵ʲôһͷΡ
ʺ빬Ϊ尲տԶȥ̫ҽԺءס¡֣￪˼ҽݣѼҽﲻ
ӡʲô
ۼҹȻҪߵˡỲһ˵ţһֽ߽Ūš
˵ȴͷεĸоˡỲ⿪ϺϵĴʶسһ
Ỳ˲ѹ
ոΪʲôȻ
Ȼ


46 ҩЧ
ỲƵĽֽ۳һֻǧֽ, һһʣۼҵЩ棬ϺֻܻһɻΪȥɱۣ
˵еѡ񡣡
ỲЦϣԲ, ûеѡ񣬱ѡһ
ỲȥСʺĴ𰸡㾡ȫϵͬʱֵ߱ز˼޹, ǻΪ֪ȥɱۣ
һִ𰸶ûֱ׳طʣ˭涨ֻѡƾʲô·
̫η, ỲûýǾ䡰桱˵ۺõǧֽϵ˴඼ûصĹ
ͷ, ǧֽס
Ỳӣٶ˵䣺С谮, ҷûլHҲû, Ȼơ
üС˵ӡ⻰, Ҳġ
ỲЩƳһۣǡײɿ͵һۡĿһײѸƿ۾
ôûأġΪỲϳǼ, ʵءһ¡
Ỳɿһ飬˲˼, ɾ¶Цٵһ䣺Ҳɡۼ˵ĻûУ
˵Сʱһ, һز޳СΪҲȥ, Ǹ¶Ǹˮ
Ỳ֪ˣ˳ת˻⣺ﻹ
齲Ŀ£һƲˣûꡣ
ʵ
ʱҡǸʱ齶£߶Ǽ˵Ĺػ߼ȫȻǸӣʱϹдʲô䵽ŨŨض꣬ƫǱӿ
ỲԶԶ˽Ǹýͤ˵ͲԼᲽߡ
лӡ̱
ỲЩЦҲ̣ҲҪֻ̣ܸпСʺǱġ
ûӻҲûͷߡ
ĿỲԶתͷѯʳ¹лЩСỲȥŮǵѴˣﻹǾΪкСӵʵ̫ˡ
еȷмλУλ·Ѿܴˣһھͻ衣ƣ񷨴һΪ̫ӡֹ˾Ҫۡ
ĵطЩλҪĵһ¾ǲߡ˿ԴŸԵȻҲѾ֪ʵ۴
ǧֽչʣ˿У
ҡҡͷʱδ
ֽеֽۺۻȥԸƽʢ̫ҽԺһˣõ¼
һʱǻ˽赶ɱˣҪֳۡûҪۣһˡ
ǧֽۺˡ
תͷȥỲһѾԶˡỲûͷ벽Ľͷһۡ
ͷʱոתųµֵ˷
ջߡýµҩǡӵġ˵ףƵں߶Ͼ㡣ǼգǼǼǹ磬Ҫݵһϵ¡ԽҵʱԽ֡
һ뵽¶ʮûҪˣǴá

ĺʱĺ׸պ˯ŮŮֻС¡СӹԹ˯ڴϣ˯ﶼЦš
Ůĺ׵ȻеŮһͬȥ顣
ˣˡһĺš඼ĺ˵¶ĬĬš
ĺ׵¿ɹϲԼĺӡ
ĺԥ˺һŵͷй˼
ڻʵΪɶŰе飬ĺױûϸ˵ˡ
¹·ϣһֱüͷ塣лӶΪЩHôΪʲôƽꣿѵֻΪʵ۲ϲ
ص¹ʰ׷ЦšԸƵĵطߵúܽȻһʲ飺û
һЦ˵ūҲûˡ
ʰͷȥڿͣ
һۣû

ʱˣӱɽ׷ߵĳǰƬɽ˾Ͳðˡ
ֻŵһ߿һҲ뱻ץضˣ׷ԽԽԽԽȻǰӰԥҪҪʱڿ
򽫾ң
մƥ׺ˣԴŮôƫƧĵط͵˺Լ̧ȥֻ׷һŮˡ۾ϸǸŮˣĪ졣
óýˣȻ˭
ǱҪܵɽ£ּԶ˽Ӧæ𳤹׼ȡ
ץŮ鴮͵ȥ׽ļᡣ˳ץ֧ڹϣ
ٺ㾪һֱӴ㵽
ſԶȻʱ֧ߵӦءֻüԲضҲܿĿҪ
ѹסؿڣѸ롣
û׷תͷŵڵشڴĳü¹Ϊ
Ȼ޵ķβүүүү

ص
ѹѹؿڣǿȥĽŲһЩ
ỲһֻġỲ¥ǰӣϸﻶеġ
ضʹŬɵˡߡ
ỲûͷֻƵ˵ǵڶΰ˰ա
ףԶء
աỲ˵ʳӽнʳ𣬿һԼ֡
̿첽߹ȥϸɾѩӡ
Ỳӹ֣ȴü
Թɫ֪ỲѪζȻϵѪѬӡæ֮˼
Ỳ֣Ƴһۡŵȷ˳֣˸־
¿ڣҪôֵظۼҵӣҪôȥҷѻ췣
֪ڻĽỲźţȥҷѻ췣ζʲô¹֣ؿͷ췣
Ỳ⡰šһ˻֣ȥѰġ
¥ʱ񣬺һԣˣż¥һ¥Ĳ顣
һ£˵ʲôֺ뵽ʲôͷŤһȥ
顣
Ǽ˹ˣȻȿڡΪѵʣнʲô
򴽿һȻͽסʹ󣬹ò鶼ˡ
ôˣ
û˵һʣȻɿ飬ߡ
վ£ԶֱӰˣ֪ǰѣһֵѪ

ԽԽˡỲվ¥¥ݿڡ
ǰѧһ룬ûꡣ
Ỳ⼥һ䣺ﲻȥǿϧˡ
ȥȡ飬Ỳ¥ȥỲڴ³齣㰤¡ҳ飬۰ͰỲ⡣
Ỳ⡰һ׻ǽӹ֡
һϵ֣һỲŬ䡣ѧȴĪˡ
ҳˡ
ޣæҳ
Ỳ⽫һҳ꣬ûʲôӦַһҳ
ĿỲָⷭϣȻ˵ӡϵζúš
ỲƳһ۰뿪Ĵ̴
ҡҡͷתȥỲ⣬ѣŬȥᡣ
Ỳü죬˰Ҫʲô
ͷ۾Ц޼ĲҡһһεġŴҪӡЦ


47 ϲ
ΪӡЦ, ĺܺÿܺÿ
ỲûЦΪϡشĥСʺˣʲôС˼εĲҡ, ˳ֽĲҡժˣ档
۾֧ỲĲҡ, Щ֧ҡ
ȥỲ֣Ѿ̧, ȴãȻؽ
ķӴⴵתͷ, һۣԴЩ
̲סȥ, ոΪʲôҪ˵Ǹǻѿڶ˵֮, Լȡ
ķ΢Щ뿪Ĵȫ, Щµͷȥϵ飬ʶ֣ȥỲ⡣
ỲƳ, Ȼһлģʣ˶ˣﻹѧʲô
ȻѾʼѧ, Ǿѧѽ˵
صĲѧˣ
ѧҪѧģһȵ̧Ỳ⣬ӡ᲻ѽ
ڴ, Ỳû𻰣ջߣ֧ҡ²嵽ķ䡣
ҡ, ȴû۾
ķԽԽˣƺҪ졣Ỳ⿴һֽ̧ۣˣ
ỲȥˡĿԶĽŲ¥ȥðβµͷȥ顣
û߸ֱøѧˡҳŤŤֿ˸ĹǷֻ֪ʣҳˣȴǷĽŵһԣˡ
ǰϴÿιˡߵŵĸ³ǰóԼ¡һǳɫ£ŹǷתȥˡ
ỲٽʱȵطѾ˯ˡ
˯ϵỲһֵζԼ⵽֡һ˯ȴǵһоѵΪͷһû齣˯ˣ
ỲĬƬ̣Ϩڵĵơ
Ỳ£ߵתỲΪҩĹϵʹٺڵĻҲ¿Կ塣תߵСʺ泯ת̵سŲš䣬߬ŵСӻڼŲţؿ񻹲ƵģҪꡣ
ỲĿһϵеСֱŲˡỲ֣ҶŪҵı¸ϡ
ϵıԼ¹ġ۷۵ɫÿ߾ʱյ˫ա
Ỳ⽫ϵıãջ֡ѯʣ˯ˣ
û˵Ҳû۾üѰ̧̧ͷȻԼĴչȥỲ°ϡ
ԣطԡ
ỲоСʺֿʼŲˡĴҲŲȥһƬҵĴĵ䴽
ỲĴǸܵ˴ǡǰܹ۾Цŵģ
һһס
֮ǰһú֮ǰΣ಻ͬ
Ỳɿػţȥ֮ǰСʺ󶼴Ҫʲôֱ౻סֱϸҧ΢ǳʹŴỲ˼
谵İǰСʺ۾רġ
Ƶؽҵ޷Ҵ
Լʲôʱ˯ŵģҲ֪Լʲôʱѹġʶ۽޲˲۾һƬŽߵỲ⡣
Ҳ۾һ̣۵Ỳۣ
ʶ֪ع飬ȴûнŬǵĿʼײԼ˯лӦỲ⣬˯Ỳ⣡
ʶȵ۾Ỳ⡣
Ỳһֱã˲һƬǹҫҫ
һ̣˲ˡʶԼỲĴĴ÷̡ŵ˿˾ɿתȥñӽԼסֻ¶һ˫۾档
˫ֽѹڵĿڣȥԼһһǿҵҲ֪ǽǿĵƵѹˣ΢ӦЩ̧һָС̵Ĵ
ôأ
ģжʫʡѵϲˣ⡢ôأ
ܵģ
ţȻỲֻԼһƬžڣһӲһ¡
Ỳָ´Ǳҧһ˿ѪʣճԹûУ
˺һ˵ƻǡ
ҵģϴ֮ǰԹģֻԹһţôͱأ׾ؽͣͳһţϴǰԵġ
ȥ
յؾСüͷԼʲôأ
Ī
Ỳ֣̽˴ͷϵѩӣ˲ָֽۺ÷Żȥ
ϸỲⷢ죬Ķ̲סȥô룬ѱקһק۾Ҳؽȥȫؽ

֪Լٴ˯ʲôʱӦ֮ˡ֪һ㣬ΨһһỲûе˯ѨҲû
СתȥỲⲻڴ࣬˿´ȥϴỲϴĬĬ߽ȥҲڣԼСչţԼ򵥵鶼׾Ҳ˳ˡ
Ỳʰ꣬߳ȥæӿٶȣͷûкú͸˳ȥ
Ỳ¥ȹǸ¥
ỲͣſڣʣۼҪȥҲҪȥһ𣿡
ע⵽ߵյһҡͷ
ỲŽȥתͷ⡣
¥Ľ׵ĵطһȹǣһִڷϣӳỲվӰӣš
ֱỲתͷʶԼʧ̬ˣæתȥ
Ỳ˹ϴ֣ϵˮնû߳ȥһȥվǰ˵ǽϡ
˷ʲôỲЦЦؽš
Ỳ۾һֱŵüͷչ̵ؿڣ顭
ỲʪĻ
ԥһƲֵؿڣ˼ǲϲӡˡ
˼ƻûɹȴԼģǿ˰ҵزūɥش۾
Ỳƫ°̧ͣϸϵı顣
ǣỲȻЦһԽԽůèҪдҲˡ
֪ô޴ǡ
ϲΪʲô˯ȥѵʲôèдˣֲǶ
ỲϸСʺľɥ˵ʲôĵʲô¶ۼңŰ˯ѶҪۼҡ

ϸϸĥһ£¶̫ˡ
Ỳ˵ġӲΪСʺϲֻССʲôϲһ˶֪
ǲϲ˵ġ
Ҳмڡ
Ỳɿ棬˵ۼҪհ飬⼸ﲻعˡ
ȥʲô
ɱҳ档ỲⲢû˵
ҲӦỲⲻܸʣʲôʱ
Ỳ¥֮ϼ֮ңζ
Ȼڡ
ʹһʣ߱Ŀġ
⣬û𸴡ĬһٶȿڣϦ𣿡
ǲȷ飬Ỳ۾ף˵Űɡ
Ỳˡ

ʱûע̴߽֡ʲôֲֻǴһŨ̴ζ
Ҳˡ
Ҫ뿪ʱ˴
ӡߵǸŮ˾ǻʺòվȡ


48 
Ҳ֪ԼʲôȻǵõ֪Ҫ͸һʱ, ֱķŭȥ˵ĶʳߵĽϲǸʱҲЦÿġ
ô£Ǵʲôʱʼ, ˲ݵ뷨ˣڰǸ˵ˡʹǴûн, һ仰û˵ʱҪ뷨˶, ˶ΪΪܻˡ
ѹˡпҪѳ̱Ʒ衣
˾޴µ¼
ȻûмǴʺ빬, ҡ
ⲻЦ
ǵģЦ
Ϊ˾޴, ƵĴûʺԼְ, Ϊã

ʱջ¹˹˵, ֪ǴӹŮģûʲôˣڹҲ֡ؼǴ̫ҽԺ֪̽δ, ڸ߲ա
´ˣ
Ϊ´˿
ʱ, ˽һˣͺСۺ
˸׹ݣ檵һμʺϵµ, Ψһվֹµ購޵ˡƣԴѹңǰȥֹ
̧ͷ, ¶һ˫С¹鶯۾еŲᶨ쳣ﵱˡԸʺﵱ
һһ㶵ġ

ת۵¶ʮţҼһæ
ǳҵĵˡ⼸գڻЩǸʱʱӣҲǵĶʱץߣ
ȵ۴ɽʱаԱͽүү֮һʮȥİԱӦ¸ؽʳʵܲ⡣ϡ֮꣬ȴڱؼԲʱ
ж佫Ȼʶ¼ˡ
ȥ³һ԰æ˵ܰæЩʲô
¹ǿͣҪ¡Цš
վſûߡæµң񵣾µĴ
һɳ˵¹ɳճʱ𡣡
߹ȥð״ɵʢһɳݸٶһ䣺¹С̡
ɳȻ¶˾ġ۾ȥңˣҰɣҡҲٱץˣ
ԥģǳ¼ҵĵŮΪʲôҪץǣ¼ҵ飬Ȼŵġֻ˵¹ǿͣЩʱȻԵġ
ҡͷÿ˵ңȻܳã
ˣ򽫾Ұɣҡһú÷򽫾ģ˵ţֱӹȥˡ
סȫû뵽˼ȥ˵¹ǺŮ׸檵ĵ¹⼸ܾŻˡ
𣬡ҲʲôŮˣ˴͸ˡ
ҼִⲻҲٷˡҡͷ¹һӭһĪҪˡ
̽ͣˣһģ˵ʲôʲôԲ裬ᷳ򽫾ֻһŮҲҪð
һ仰üǲ˵ֻһԣŮ⻰ˡ
¹˼ɡ
Ϊʲô
ΪҲ׼ɫȥ
÷ۣˣӳԺſڡæܳȥһһߺǸŮ۸Ѱڵϴ򣡰Ҫ۸
׷ȥ񣬲Ҫ˵
ĻŮͷЦ˵ıԽԽˡ
ҾͷۡǰٱϹɽأŮǳױ¶ˡƫ
ôˣҡ
ұ㽫ոյ˵ˣû˵꣬Ȼɫƿ첲񣬳
ڵϣûϢ
˳ϵ˿ڣ֪Ƕ˸ɵġ
ỲҪ˭˭͵
û

һСǻʱڣҼҴͯ֡Ȼʱ˶˳վһߡȺɪɪŵضŶĸѻջ˰ȥɲǳ
ỲΪλ˾ӡԾᶽȴ󲿷鶼˷ѻ
ѻŲӵȺֱԶԶӥĽӣϵʱӭȥ
ӡ
ϥ
Ỳ˽ӣǰߣ˸
С̫ӡ
ỲҲɨİգ˹ؿڣۼ˵ӡ
峤ŵӣûûˣ
ỲЦһһ֮ۼҪˣֻӡ
š
Ỳ֪Щڼ˿ʼԥˡһѩӣƵزź䣬ʩһӵġ
ѻŲӣȻһͯ
ҪʲôſҶӣڡڿݾ
ѻһЦջٵаɲͯһӵϣ̼佫ڿݾĳ
ֲϣͷ׷׳ʱĺ̬֮Ҳһץ
ⱨӦģû׺Ӷڲ
ۼҵıӦүǰˡỲⲻЦЦ£ܾͯ֡
ͯǴ峤Ķõģǹ꣬ǳԡ
ԵʲôǣỲʡ
ӵļľս
ƻƻǡСգգۡ
ƻǺðûôҲû÷ô塣Ỳ͵͵Цһζ
ӡôãѻɺ۾һ˷ܡ
Ỳ꼫ȡѻǵӡһʦԳʱ˽ϽӣٶļŮ˭ԵİӶ࣬ۼҾ˭
־ڳ¼Ҹͷϡ֪һ̣ԲŹǵеĿ־嶼á䡣
س̾Ͻһҳϣݺ⹷͸µ

ỲЦЦ
ڵһδ߳
Скܿĸ׽ڻ
ỲȻԼĸ
һӹʳֱЩһ֪ζܿ䡣ȻڶտʼտԳԵ⣬ֻǰԹĶһĸҪȥѰĸףССȫѪ¶ߣĸӡ
ԭĸոԼι
˶˵ṷȻδųĹεаħ

ġܶܶþذ
ֻԼаħ̫µ
ɱ޹
Ỳɨһηס˭֪ЩǲȺʿļˡأֻߣҲΪǼûһ޹ġ
ɾĺ޳ʳָʣ¶ʮˣ
ӡ¶ʮš
ûعˡ

ҹˡڴϣܵöͷ߳һ㱡ϸűűӣֽӼȼ䡣Ȳĥţ׵Сȴȹ̽
˴ȥ³﷭ãһ㷭Ǽ°ɫ멡ײײ»صϣ멽ڻȥ̴ζ
ܵת泯ࡣǰɸ컵໭棬˫΢Ƹĸо

ôˡ
ԣⲻ
þȫ멣˴ѵܵǰƿ͵عϡ
˫ѹڴ̨ϣͷϢšֱ罫ͷϸܵıȥ΢Щ
ʡ
ֿʼÿʡˮȹӾơ
תͷϵ̳Ӿƣȵ΢΢۾
Ǿơ⡭
һϮǽǿվȡͷŻ멡
˵Ϧġ


49 
ʮ, æµ֡
½¹£Ҳʱʱ߹ЩĹҲҪǳԡ˵ϸһ͹, ߡ
ǿ񣬼ʹ֬ҲԲ԰׵ɫΪʺﱾ岻, Ѽֲ֡
Сĸ㲻𣿡, յߡ
΢ЦŽ˵ֻе
Сĸ˯һŤͷ, һͷѿںá
ַ, һûУҲĲѡ, ռ磬æ, ϢһԸȥҲ˽, С˯ʱ
϶㣡ϱһ㶼Сĸ, Ҳȥ
Լȥ治Դշ, Ϯ˵ûУת۾˯ˡ
½ʱ, òŽѡ
ã۾ֻһ뽫סѲ
ϵǵСĸСĸǲˣ
⻰˳£ѯʣҪҪ̫ҽ
룬˵̫ҽվҪֵˣһһˡ
ó·ȥ²ױϻȥϹصϣСĸױһ˫һգգضơ
ʱǺ󹬵ɺͻӹǡɶ࣬Ҳࡣһȥ̺ϻ涷ޡ
ʵףɽιٰ꣬ˣĿá
ʺﵽ
ֵϯ˸ϵĻʵۣſڡ
Ĺװ˫ֽǰᴹֻںҷصȹžµĽ˿ѵ˳٣Ƴ̽ʮ׹ҡߣڡ
Ϊڲ԰׵ɫױҲŨüһƵĻͻ䣬̴˫֬ɫβһ΢졣ƫƫһ˫۾ֻǳԣԲʧŮĴ
Ǹɫòźױӳ쳾ʻŭŵɲǣòɷ
ʵ߽ֻmȻʧɫÿ߽һĺԽʻһ֣mԽȻһ֡
һңǸȤͺСʺ󣬲֪ʲôʱ򾹳Ҫݻٵò
ųĹװȹ߽񣺡ˡ
١뿪ϯ磬û¹ˡʺʵЦ
ҧѹѣٵĸо̤ǰλ£˵ڌmɡ͹˵ӳڣžúЩ
ʵ۴չ۶ʺˣʱ˻ʺ󡣡
˫ضģһֱǸӡ
˾ƱϯקȹǳʵܹȥŻʵ۵ô֪źͻʺ˵Ƕ¸ո˵ϷأʺѾôѽ
ԣݡʵЦǺǵ˵
ǰҌmȫƾ飬ǰ˾޴ڡչأʵ۳һʮ嶼Ҫڻʺ󴦡һŮһҪ˯ʵȤŰʮյڰŸˡߵĻʺ
ߣʵͿʼһ뵽վǳһźЩڽҪЩʺϻʺ롭
粢ֻһٷҪ磬Ȼ빬ʵǰֱӲμ硣л׹ݲμӡ
趼ˣó¼һţԼ˯ȥ
ο
ʱƣ忪ʼ쳣֪ʲôζֻܿతţȵϯȵĵտЩҽΡ
쳣Ѱ
ʼ΢ЦŬñ˿ߡڵ⣬紵Щ뷨ȥ
һȻúࡣȥȻƣĸоȴϲߡ
׹Ҫ񡢺ѡӦţʤΨһЩģǻʵ۲֪§ȥʵ۲ˣַĵĸо᲻١
Ҳϯ֮ϡ
ĹļƳĲѰԸտƹʲô֮ǰ֪ǵġҲֻ˵˼仰뿪ҽ˶Ҳ࣬ҪӴܶļҾ졣
ˮƻʹ֮Ϧ䣬ɫȥ̻һ׵ĹǱ׷ţЦһյյԸƷŽˮµһյյˮϽƮ
ˮǰߣŬĿ
ʺϵ𣿸ոոҪӳԣһգ۾ͲˡһӣЦӯӯġ
ǰȥˡ˵
ˡŶһһ߳Źӣһߺһǰߡָָǰļɽ˵ȥǱ߳ԹӰɣ
ʱ˳ǼɽҲԶˡƵ˼ɽ棬ͺĽ
ʺЦ߽岻ʣҪ˰æ
ɫȥõǻүԼӸʺҩգ磡ڹУ
˭ˣ
Ʋµ룬͵͵ЦţΪʺܵգٹգϾҪˡźñ⣬պڹĻǺǡ
ǰߣߵǰʱ߸߾֣һƴȥ
һ㶼ۡЦ˵ѾŲסˡñ︰ֲ𣿡
ԸԻųµתߡ
һ׷ȥ棺ܿᱻҩӰ쳹ʧȥǡҪôñΪ磽⣬Ҫôǰߣǧ˵ԽؽС
ͷǰߡҧҧһŬǣԸ£졢ȥ
Ȼ¹ԶΪ˶࣬ղûʲôǲС
ϲϻŽ󾯸Ļµغ۽ǡţʵڰаҩˮ
Ϊó𽣬ƹɽһ۾ͿΨһһӥĺڽΡ
ӡ
һڣ֪ԼҲ
Ỳ½ΣһɼŨɷ¶ȶȥÿԳ그µĳˣʱһɷ
Ỳ⡪
ƺŭ⹬û˸ҵյسƺỲ⣬ֵϯȵ׷СӶͣ
Ỳ̧̧ۣվˮε
ҹδѾƬĺɫȴԲεĺϼʢ̻һĻšˮӳϸӰ
ỲˮȥߵߣЦʣкηԸ
ߣ졭
Ỳ΢΢ṳ̈ǰһС۵ݸִСϣỲ̸оĵĹ̡
ỲϵЦˡ
еỲϣŬǡʹĸоԽԽأҲ֪Ϊʲô¹·Զ
Ҫá
ỲƳһǰסܽظֱӷȥ
ûȥ磬æӭ
ỲԸʺˣƫЪһЪ
ƫǿɫ糣齶¡
ỲƳһſڵͭӣԸһ辻ֵˮ
˶٣ָ˿ڣˮ
һֱţֱˮֹųȥ˲ϣϢˡ
ỲƳһۣмֲ䡣СʺǻŶŪŪ̬ȴҪȥź
аɡ
Ỳ⡰һժָϺ䣬ڸϡȻϸϸϴ֡


50 ί
, Ƶظ󣬸ӼɽƳûʺܰҩĥСʺĲ, һСʺҪعͷ
ţСʺӲϵʧ̬ҲҲ޷ͺһŸ߲ʵĻʺεʧ̬
ڵõûаǰˡٹգ¶, 󹬵Ů˶ģֺαؼڽǿ, ʱҩﳹ״ݻ־ĻʺȻ
űպĿֱʺỲ֡
ĽŲס
Ͳһ, ûʺǷˣ˵׺ȥģʺﱻҩڵӶˣȥ˹
ֱỲˮ, Īһţ˿, ˽ӰüỲŻʺ뿪ϯ, š
Ԫ߶ô£ȥˣ
˵ǵҡͷ
ö˵Ļɫ˳

Ỳ⽫˫ϸϴ, ӼϵùģҲϵˮ, תϵȥ
ϣʮܡ𽥿Ỳ⣬˫ÿһ, ǰڱ΢΢ٷ´ϡỲ£ŬỲ, ͣʲôɤһҲ˵һ̣ƣỲˮδϡ
ʹȥȥỲ֡
ʲôûءỲĿ֣гɾӣ˹ز֡
ִϣԼָ⣬ָֻҪǰһ㣬Ỳϵ°ڡ߬ס°ڣһһ߬
Ỳϵˮգʱ۾ҧһ仰Ҳ˵ȴһ˫ʪ۾Ͱ͵еĻд˫۾
ίỲһۼҶûίźĻҪί
ϱͻģ⻰Ȼ;úöˣֱӵ
Ỳֱ˷ϡͿʺĿ֬ǱҧŵĴϿ֬ҧƵѪ˿һճڴǡỲΪؿӸ֬Ѫգ¶ԭģԭĴɫǼǳķɫĨȥ֬ԾɲһĨ˵ʺ졣
дƴţӶǽġ۾еίܱһŽһŵỲխ䣬ʪ𽥴ʪο
Ỳʳָָļ˵ֲͷһˣʲô
ͷỲͷҧŴһԣֻᣬִֵȥ֡
˵ڣ֪һκһǲͬġ
Ỳ⽫˽ʵʵ̱ѹֵһͻյߣ˵ϻʹۼҵҴǿֲġ
ͳ̴΢ϢһգʲôҪըӡ
ոպֲǺڣںʲôӡỲ⽫̽ʮ׹ҡժˡ
ᡢỲ⡣
ʲôᣬỲⲻ⣬ۼֲᡣ
ᣬ⡣
ԼȡգҪġ
ԼỲ仰ǿҪסֻС˾䣺⡭
ỲˣٴδչƵһĶ߸ͣɡ
ÿһ˿ܵһɲǵʪ֮һҧỲļϣԼг
ʣµ飬ͶỲ⡣
һԼ˵һ־òƶϡ
ʱϣ㫵ƣϮỲ޶ʱϱʪһš鳤۽޲˲ỲվſͭϴֵӰƹ⽫Ӱúܳ
˯ˡ
Ҳ֪˯˶ãֻ֪⼸˯ȵһأԺѹһۿģỲڲԶһĳȡ
ỲƵٷһҳϥϵᣬڣ˯ˣ
ͷе㲻ҿỲ⣬Сʣʲôʱˣ
ûʱ
ı̻һֱûϨ㱣û뵽Լֵ»˯졣
ǳϦ
ʱϯҪʱǰϻ硣̵ϵ޶䣬¶ŪĹװ
Լ·𣿻ǽй澽ỲһָϰڷŵҲû̧ͷ
˳ָһۣС˵Լġ
ΣỲ̧ۣϣµСʺ󡣵ʼ£ſڣ֪Լ˭ĵ
ͷϵϵĳԣͷһᣬίС˵Ҳá
ỲüʱˡһţߵǰԼתӸµؿ
ͷɫʧ䣬ڡ
ˣбˡÿ˵һ֣͵һҲã̫űˡ
֪ˡ
ỲúЦʲô˰һӦǱ𣬾ǷʡԼ˵ʲôͷᣬԭ˵ȥ˿ڣۼ̫ǹ졣
ûỲĻֻƵС˵Ҳˡ
ỲƳһֹԸϵ£ĳȻַһױ̨£Ըͷˣ¸١ֻ˹ˮźϴ
֬ˮ۰ױ̨ϣỲⷭ˷
һۣ˵ԭױǳ»ġ
ţϯãٻȥʱ˹װױҲˣ᲻᲻̫ãóԭȵױ
Ỳ˹صۣ˵ױ̫Ũˣʺѡ
ͷϵȹɫĶԽ࣬ǳӺȹȷ̫ʺ֮ǰŨױҲ֪װǳȡģỲѡġִٵָ߬ͣɫ̫ãױġ
ɫõòˡỲֹ̧̽ͷ
̧ỲΪü۽ǵȴ͵͵ȥͭеԼ
Ỳûƭ
ɫ֮ǰ԰׵ģ֬ͿĨѽ
СջĿ⣬ǰỲ⡣һ̧°ͣһϸʣרעظü
Ʋ̫áջߣỲĿȴײʣôͷҪۼң
գգۣû˼
Ỳ⿿ױ̨ͣüıʣ⹬üĿС̫࣬ˣ
סˣϸ˼Ỳ⡣ǰΪʲôˣ
ü˼Ỳɫ˲ȥЦһʣûۼңĸС̫źҲֹС̫࣬ˣȫѡ
ôشأ
˵ʵ
ʵʵ͡ǳʱһۿӡˡ
ҪûۼأỲʱ
ûỲĻôأ
ȻȻ¹ȥŹ̫ҽԭ̫ҽʱΡֻ˳ҹһˡ
տԪΡỲ
ŵظͣģζѣ
ỲЦˡ
ۼֻ̫ҽ֣ʲô޾ȻüʣҲüˣƵϻ˸档
ȻỲӣһҶ
Ỳֱʳָһ䣬üʡ
Ӹһ
Ỳ⽫۶ϵüȥȥ˻֣Ըȥýǹժͤš


51 
ó¾, ױ
۾ģԿ޹
ոյȷỲŵˡͭеԼԼա, ỲոظҲޱñʻ˲档
˼ο£ûˡӡǸӵ, ˵ġҲûʲô
밲ο£˵˵, ǰŰɵذοԼ
ŬڳЦ˵, ʱˣǵûǰˡ
ͷ, ų´ƫ
æӭȥ
ͬȥ𣿡ɫ糣Ʋκζߡ
Щ, Ҳ֣ͲǰȥˡҲһЦӯӯ, ԭĳ
ԼȥҲ˵, ųǰȥ
΢΢ϥ
ԶıӰ΢΢üΪ, ֪ɶϲǰóʱȻڻʵߣɻʵߵŮ˻ֻ, ͬɽñ»ϲѲ֮ǰܳ衣ĳһ, ˸ǿϡ
Խյ磬ֻǹȥîѰ뿪ˡҪȻϯϣԼʹ죬Ҳʹ죬ûбҪûмˣԳϦĽҲûʲôдֻߵļСŮС̫ͬԳԷˡ
ԣỲƫЪϢʱŻڹС
ỲܽظʱƲʲôѰĵطƫǴĵطԸϡŹֵġҩнӴԣز²˻ʺ¡
Լ뷨סˡ
ʺ岻ʽƫЪϢû̫ҽӡƫáͲ˶ˡ
ɫ̫ѰˣǲԼˡ

̸ܵ֡ȺĻЦ뿪ǰҪࡣ̻һĴǻЦ
ܵζ
ȥˡ
ǲǲˣôͻȻ뿪ôáһǡǻЦƫһֱǹźȻϯŮ
û¡ֻû˯ãЩˡؽ͡
СǸԺӣ˵ѻ˵˱ˡ˼ʣôᡭ
ĸ׵Ļĸףʱˡޢޢǻʺ󣬲˵顣
æͷֻ˫Ů۾ǲᡣ
ޢޢǰͷһ˵
Ԫͷķˡ
һͬˮǰȥ
ޢޢ
磬ͦõġֱӴϸĻ̧۾ԸЦ
ѹѹһСľеݸ˵ɩ岻ղҲڼˡָǡ
СľƿһС״ǣЦ˳һԣ۾˵ɩܰҵСء
һǻûԾ㿴ỲһվԶˮԱߣˮƮŵĻơе֣޹ءΪ˶Զ롣
ذɡ˵
ҲԶỲ⣬۾ҹɫ۵׵
磬ȥ㸸׺ĸװɡ˵һ顣
ջĿ⣬ͷҲͣ²ҪԼţ߸硣
Цŵͷ
ֿһԶỲ⣬ת뿪
۾Լ紵ȹڣϸỲüʻʱĴӲͷƤỲ߹ȥ
ҪȺӣɱ̫ҽ鷳
ӡͺӾ߹ȥỲһ֮ңҲתȥŲԵˮƮŵյյơ
Ỳûڣûһۡ
ţϴԶܹšСĸȥ֡
ٽʱ̻ԽԽ࣬һƬӡ
ϳɤӴ˵СĸԸ
áͷЦŵؽһԡ
ϰס
ʱʱ̻죬貣۾Ը³ɡ
ӹʱһ̣칬ӣͳʹлǰһַ̻Ƿ̼䰲ŵģ۾ԸŵģҲ΢ЦųĬ´Ƭİʱ̡
СĸԸ
˵꣬Լ۾
á䴽ˮƮյյƣ۾Ը
͵͵һֱۣ۾˵ϣܷʲô飬Сĸʧ
Ỳתͷ
شţ泯ˮԸò۾
Ỳһ۾ڣʲôԸ
ԥһ¡ո˺ЩԸȻкܶԸ󷽱Ỳ˵ǣֻ˵һϣµһ꽫ýʵʵġ
ỲΪһѾؿ
⣿
ʣӡԸ
һڣԼúЦỲˣӦǲԸİɡ
ۼҴδԸȻϣۼԸǾһỲ˶٣Ը´ҡʬһӲʹЩ
̴΢ţỲ⡣
Ỳ㡣
ѻԶ߹ӡժͤˡ
ժͤˮԵļɽ֮ϣƼߡ
ỲƾҪߡ
ӡס
ỲΪѵػعͷƳʣȱźˣ
򴽣ЩȻƿĿ⣬ʣӡҪƵ𣿡
Ỳûˡ

˵ỲҪ̴С˸ժ̻ͤЩӡ
պĻǻΪ
Щ롣һ뵽ǸжԵʵۣΪʲôУû֮ǣ֣ŮЩûбȲġôһ룬̹ˡ
ɲ֪ΪʲôܲûԵɵĲ
Ỳ⻺ʰ׶ϣժͤ
ӡʱʲô£Цﲻݶһģ״ܲܳȫպỲﲻ
Ỳû𻰣Ƶ˵˾䣺ۼҴӲɱġ
Ц˵ӡ˵ЦˡּʹλҲúúš
Ỳû˰֣תȥ
ȻỲһ˹ȥֱӽժͤȥײɽʯϣֵˮ޴ˮ
ʱԸԳڰ޴ˮԣ˵Ŀ⣬ãȻ
ѻ͵һĻӦˡӡеӡɱ˶˹˹ĵġ⡭
Ỳ˳죬Ըȥǹû
ѻŻعһ·СȥˮߵĽϳػӡһ
ỲһԾ𣬴ժͤȥ߽ˮĺ콫ͷʯײ
ۼҵıҲФ룡
ˮ˴ʪỲ·ˮ齦ϡ
⴦ĶʵڲСסСӵ۾׼ȥ̵һĻ
Զҹʹ̻ʢ죬ҲǸ˭ỲӰǼϳ
֪Ǹ˽վˮߣԶǰС
³ѡ
Ųͣŷ紵ӵ죬ѹűõԶỲӰ
ѪζỲŻ֣ýʬƮˮϡ
Զ첽öָ֣ӡ
Ỳûӡ
ˮ߳Ըι
ǡѻ
Ỳ̧̧ۣԶĿײһˮеܡͣ½Ų֣ӡȻزմˮѪ
˿ڣʰɾ͵ȥۼԼ硣
ѻһ£Ӧһǣ
ôˣôˣôˣʵشԶܹ쳤ӳժͤš
С̫ܹӡѽˣ
ʵ˰죬ˡ
٣ڧˣӡλˣԼʵˣ


52 
Ƭ֮, ϵ˶֪ˣỲźײǡ
һ̫࣬ڹ, Ż׹ݵɱү
ϦϲúһӵȥֻʣΣ
񻹻ŵĻү, ֻʣͫhλүؾྩԶΪ֮Ҳǰŵǡ, ꣬طء
һ, ӶԷпͬķŭη塣ŭһ˽ҵڽŵ£¡ƫֿ֪, òη壬ԼҲǽ³
hûhȵСĻ, ಡ岻, 겻뾩
Ỳˮ߳ϥµ¿ѥӾʪ͸ڻŸ޽Ϲȥű, Ϊϵˮա
ỲŲֻһ٣Ǽ򵥲, ͼǰߣߵʵǰ˵ܱ, дı֮ģѺʣ, ֻþ͵
žϯϣỲ⵭Ʈ˵ĶС
ʵ̾˿˵û뵽ʵܾ˼лڰ
ȻһԵ佫վʣʶ˵֤ݣıдѵȫƾһ죡
Ỳ⽫ֵʪһţݸߵڻ¡ɫûʲô飬ٿڣȻ֤ݡۼҲнı֤ݣԽıһǣԽһ⣬
㺬Ѫˣ
Ỳ֣ѻ̴Ŷһӵϣս죬ϯ
վԶĬĬһĻﲢûжٽȥĻϲ
͵ʱǡ飬ϯҲɢˡ

ỲصʱѾˡڲ¥Ĵǰġ
ۼңۼңۼң
ĺȻڣһæϣתͷỲ⣬˵ʲôĥһ£˵Ļȥ
Ỳһۿ͸˵ʲôֱ˵
Ŵ۾С˵ӡ
ûĸΣֲʶôỲʲô
̧۾¸ҵỲ⣬˵Ӧȥ˾ɴá
ûĹɲ޳Ỳڲɱķʽɷף͵Դͷıɷ˽̡
֪޵ߵƣỲ˵а»ȥ˾
ü˶ˣ»ء
Сԥһ£Խ
ỲֱӴĻûнյ飬ҲҪ־͹ʱ˲òսۡ
üỲ⣬ϸĥ⻰
Ỳ⡰һЩس˳졣˽ͣ˽͵ĸоһ㶼áķ꽥ŨỲɫҲȥɫվڴڵĪ˵˾䣺Ӧ㸸û
˼ɿתš룿սۣʲôսۣ
ʪ·ճϣܲỲⲻٺϻת뿪
С
תỲŲͣ۾ȻſڣﻹʲôҪꣿ
ллͷĿԼĽżϣ͵͵ġ
ỲĬһٴ̧š
С
Ỳ̾˿˲ת߹ȥߵǰڴ̨ϡ
һ׹⡣һץŴһץסỲ½
ҲһһզզػӶС򣬼ţӡӡӡ
ỲɫСسһŲŲһര
Ỳ⸩ƵͷɫлƫƫյĶˡ
ûˣƵʣǲһ㶼ʲôˡ
ҧû
Ỳ˵˵˵ʲôۼҲĹ
ˡ
ỲأҲأۼ˵˻
Ҵҹ߬Ỳ½գ߬ٶЩ췢飬ϯʲôûԣҲע⵽ҲûгԹ
ԶԼһ̻ȼŵ
ỲĬˡ
ΣСһ䣺Ҳûʲôѽôӡˡ
ỲֳĬһſڣҹԼģ
Ŀһ˵Ҳᡭ
ˮգʲôҹ
Ỳ˴Ӵ̨ʶһ£ײỲĻ
ỲⴹƳվվȡ
ȴỲϵʪ۾Ỳʪ͸·̧֣ȥỲϵ
Ỳһܿ
æͣӡ·ʪˣȻӡ䣬ǻһɡ
ģʪȾϡỲת¥ߣȥ¥ԡ¡
վԭأỲıӰ½ء

һ¥Ľÿ϶ʮϤˡڳϣָͷͷΣӳȥ첽߳ݣȥѰһྐྵӶ˳˳ꡣ
Ľ㰡ҪҪһЩӣ˳Ц˵վ
˳Ҳվ˵
ˣҲˡλ˶٣Ҳͷλһˣʲôʱ򿴼͸У
һ˫ŵЬӣǧѥġ
˳ûӡ
˳ƤЦ˵ôԸ
üڷܣæҼˡ
˳̧̧°ͣЦ˵һͷܼˡ
һȵתȥȻվԺ죬˵ʲôüһšԭҪ͸ѥӱڻתߣһ߻ؽݡ
첽ȥ
ݣתҪş֣̌ϡ
֣Ҫȥɴϣ㶣ŵˣҲ̲סʳôˣ
ûʲô˼ָͷ߽Źϡ
Ǳ˳˳̽ͷ̽ƣЦġ˳˵˾ʲôһǹĻûһݣ˳ʣո˵ʲô
˵µһˣҲҪСϱ˳˵
˳Цִȭһ߽ͬȥŹӶ˵Ź﹬Ȥ¡

Ỳҳʱ򣬾Ϳ¥һ㣬ͷöҪ˯ˡ
˯ʱˣ
Ỳ̧ߣһֱߵǰǱ۾СԹϣȻ
Ỳסڵص˳ӸһΣԺ۾Ỳ⣬ڣ
Ỳ֣Ҫȥ½
Ỳһ˿⣬
գգۣƺŷӦԼո˵ʲô͵һӶŲһ¡׾ҪҽθոյĻȥҲ벻ôԲȥԲˣæ¥ݷվ˵ȥҹɡ
˵ҹϰףֻˮȶѡ
ˮȵʱҲԵúʼûʲô
ȥҾڣỲ
ˣỲʡ
ǾˮģΪ⣬Ҳ΢Щûиոˡ
ˣЪϢˡỲƵȥǣ֡
ͷỲ¥ȥ
ỲĽָѹϣƬ֮üƫͷ
ȻߵݣŹǷڴϡ
ỲڴǰĬƬ̣תߵǰ΢ƿһССķ϶Ĵһơ
ǻʱʱβ͡ҲҪ˶ˡһиҪĹ磬ʮոæµ
ỲȥһˣȡЩϨڵĵƣƵؽࡣ
һʱ֮ĥŴչʱỲ⡣
ҩԳ񫡣


53 
, ˡ
һ¥ĳȥܶ࣬ʺӦЩ¹ϴŹװ, һҪŻʵܳĹݹأȻʵһʳǰݡ
˵ʮ˯úɽҪ, ̰ߵġŻʺзִ磬ȻڽĪǱʲôסˣƫ¥ȥ
˵, ̫ҽѾ¹ˡ
ڳŲߵԽԽˣҲԽԽż
¥, ڴϣ۾ͨͨġ߬űӵڷ, űӹסۼ߰ߵ塣
ҡôᡭ
ƬҵļԺЩĻ, 
ɵĵȷȷ
Ỳ³ȡһ׸ɾ·͹ȥϵıӡʶ˶, ߬űӵָ
壬ۼûûҧỲ⽫·ӸٴζĿ, ʱɱۼ뷨ӡ
Ỳ⣬˫շ˺, ۾Ҳһ죬Ҫ޳ˡ
Ỳϡ
ãСʺֻҹ, һֱίͰ͵ĴŮˡ
ỲߵǰƿԶ̴֡
ǳһ, кܶҪæǷȥỲӹ·̽ۼ߰ߵӱ¶Ŵǣ·õ
һСһذѶӱó춯
һе
塣
ʲôϵĺ˼֣šüҴҽ·Žڶ㽫˲ء
ڴǰỲⱳŴϵ巢ϸ΢죬ǰԸͷİģ
ֱʧˣỲЦЦƵָԼǡⶥ˶ǡܶɻʱЩ
Ӱ¹ʱỲϵ
Ŀ⸴ӵһִۣҴջߡִỲСϣŲҴҵڰ
Ҳǰ󼸲
ʲôỲʡ
򴽡տҲ֪ûвӾĶЩտΣڵĶ
ŰǰĻ谵־
ǸӴˣСµ¶٣ȫȻȲεĿ־ζֲܿԼĸо̫ˡ
ܿᱻҩӰ쳹ʧȥǡҪôñΪ磽⣬Ҫôǰߣǧ˵ԽؽС
ĻȻĶУͷһžš
ϡ
ԼȥỲӣ̫ѿˡ
̻ǰߣֿʼ˼ˡ
˵ĻᱻҩﳹӰ죿᲻һ죬᳹ʧȥ־Ÿ˾͡
־ݺסġ
׼鷢һκģһԵġ˼һͨҲǿοԼ
˼࣬ȫȻûỲĻûлشȻҲûע⵽Ỳһֱ
ںڵģỲǳīɫ˿͸ƣСϵ֡һ塣̧һֻ֣˹ؽϵһƽ

¹Ͳ̣֮ƫʱˣӿ˽Ų¹岻̫õһҲûС
΢Ъһɡµǵ˵
ԥü𣿡
ü΢ЪһЪҪȻﻹȥ𣿡˵ʲôҲȲ塣̫ҽ͵ˣѾ˾̳ʣµĹӾƣƫţŹء
˫һûˡҲտŪ׳ʲôҩǲ̤ʵġɳ·ŵȥ΢Ϣһӡ
ỲûߣվһĶԻʰǿ첽߳ȥ̫ҽỲ̧̧ۿ԰׵ɫ
ỲȻǸԸϣµһ꽫ýʵʵġ
СʺԸ֮ԱǣȴСʺԸʱʵġʣӾ
ӡƫ
Ỳֱƫȥ
ΪŪСʺʲôҩ
ҹźСʺˣڡ
ʰǴ̫ҽƫӭỲ⡣
տЩỲ⣬˹ỲɨһۣջߣǰߣŲûͣ
տ۾ЦûʹӾãȹ̫ҽ⼸տʲô飿
һδȾԷ纮ҩòʵ飬ԼЩҩкˡտ˵
̫ҽҩˡüտɫѰ֪һֱˣȰҲãֻ˵һ䣺̫ҽҪġ
ġտºЦš
ڳ°ĵ£֡ֵݹСϡ
տոƫʱѴ֪ǹӾʲôҩǵı׷˶ٵ
ȥ׼ˣտʰҲ֪ȥտ˵ȣԼһӸϡ
ʹһӣտָܹܵϵĹ̡΢֪ո״ɫ糣΢Ц˵ʵѾˡ
տָ΢ӵݵϣü۽޲˲ǰָЩϵĻ档ǣϸָ˲ǰ̽һ̽׹סտΪ֡
ͬʱһ㶡
˲ѹ͵ؽջȥѪɫ¶ֵɫ
տ̧֣ҵĴᣣúصĴһ˲併֮䳹׸
ңĺĴסʧ̬ԼһֱǽǣϥССһţͣط
֮󣬴⴫տһº͵ˣСʱһֻ˶ѡ
ҧ۾ģȴ׼Լ޳˻Сʣǻҽ𣿡
Щ꣬βΣܶվҲ⡣ҩ鷳ЩԶûľɼ¡տһȴ
谵Ĵͷʹտ
Σ´Ӵ̽һֻҲѰƽ˵ʱЦ̫ҽˡ
Եȫտ½ָϣš
տȥ
ôôص
ỲվڵԣޱտıӰԽտŴᣴĺϵĴ齡Ŵʱڴ֮Сʺ󣬻ʲôı顣
Ҳ֪ûС
տ޵˵ÿһ仰ỲⶼˡỲ⽫ʳָϵöժƵȥժϡִ˲ƣ
ʰɫ׵վһԡʰǲʧְԼܿǱỲеһԣ׼ǰ಻׼ȥտɲǣʰǿĿҪɤôỲɫ
տʰ˵ٸЩʱ䡣
Ӧ˽տɫ糣ƿᣣÿỲ߽һҲ֪ʲôʱġ
ʵǲٵˣæù˽ױױʱỲһԡʰûлѸոյ
߳¹ʱЩỲԾࡣҪһȥ
ӡȥǰ𣿡΢üмֲ⡣
Ỳⲻ֪ʲôƺ񡣹һšţһ
ɫѰʲôƲ
ɻʱỲ⻹Цһ¡
ãô๬˸ţỲǻչҧĶز


54 
ʱ, ʵۻûվڰ̨ϣȺš̨֮£Ѻųٹ١Ƭ֮, ʵ١
ݣйףʡ
ʵ۹Ƿ졣
ƫͷĻʵ, ʵ࣬ûϢáʵߴһ, СڣûŻʺһ꣬ʺĪźá
泼ӵĳƪףʻڼ
æ˵檲ҡ
, ʵҡҡͷʺĴȲƽ, ⲻȥûϵǳһ, ĵһ졣޶ȻúŻʺ󡣡
һ˲ǰռʱ˵ҪŰ顣ʱûй, ˾޴ǰؽӳ֪¼ϣһ֡
ԴϽˣʵõòˡ˵ͣ˵ȷ޲áԻʺȥ¹, ûйȥϸʺסɻģ¹ǰʱĳ̫ס, ʺסҲʡʺϲĹֻҪʺϲģѾס, ˸ˣûʺסȥ
̨֮µĳûƪж̴ʣߵĻʵੲ˵ֻĵĻ
, ȴԽʵۣվڻʵһ಻ԶỲ⡣
УỲףĿ
Ỳ⣬𴽽ǣӵĳЦȻ˶ˡ
ʵŻʺЦǺǵС۾˵޿ӦΪʺһ޵Ļʺ󰡣
ջĿ⣬ػػ¹ܺã檼ϲҪ˲ٽˡ
ỲҲջĿ⣬ƵЦһ¡
СʺŻʵ۰ﲨʹ˼ˡΪǳһ˼Ҳ̫׾˰ɣҲ̫ʱˡ

Ỳ۵Ĩ΢һ˿Ц⡣
ȻСʺҹϸͶ̫꣬վů֮£һ˿ССƤĹһ㡣
Ỳ̧̧ۣȥ
Ȼû˫ֽǰĿǰĹװ浾á
Ỳ⡰һ뽫϶ׯĹװ˺á

нʱ·ۺ󹲳һٹٸ󡣵ʵһͬƹݼ롣
Ȼ뽨ʮ꣬Ҫݵʵ١㣬ֻпȵԪʺȵ۲ݿܳԼĸĸ˭֪Ƶ֮Ҫ׷ԼĸĸҲҲˡ
ľƣһƬࡣ
ỲⳤõŴ뿪ʵ۵λ
λʵԲç֮룬ȷЩ¡ʷ鶼ʤдʷȻλʵ۳
ҰʷϣλʵабᡣЩ֮ʵҪ˵
뿪ʵıֶΡһۣ֮ţϧƵۺϵĻۣܼڳҩڳ
Ǹ£ȻỲ⡣
Ỳ֣ӹ˵Ϊλʵһ㡣
Ỳޱ飬һȼ
һҲɢ

ع·ۺ볯Ҫáǰǻϲף꣬ҪȻõҲʳ
ʵϲȾƳ⣬ϲʳزˣθȫޣҳԼڣ˿ӡ
ʺأʺȥˣʵ۲˵ʡ
µü˳۹£ЩˣڷЪ
ҲЪʵ۷ػ˻֣ȥȥȥѻʺš߻ʺ̻عȻ˹Ъ
ǡϥתȥѰʺ
ڷϢ
Ǹսʱ忪ʼ뿪Ƶĵڣȥһ紵һͻһЩ
ȻҲ֪Ϊķ粻ˬȵĵڴ̫ãһ㶼ûúܡ
ȥĵطɽˮлƫƫûʲôӡԹЪϢӱҪǰһĵط˳лʵۡ
оˣʰǻ˻еˮҡ׼һˮҵˮˮѾˡ
ϺĶգȴϹ̣߳ıʪ¡̧ͷŻҰ׵졣յƺܺ˵Ҫѩ
Ҳһɫ
ָ⣬ָָԶʯ֡ʰǷԼ߹ȥʯֵ΢΢ʨͻľơ߽ʯУ϶ɼأСԹһ
󱲵ɽʯԸȥȥ
Ҫ˵ʰҲ֪˵˭ǵʣԼһ𣿡
ͷ
ʰҧҧһҪȥҵӡȻһתͿ˶ڶ⡣ʰһӦһỲ
ȥ
ʯխƣỲͷ
ҧ߽Ỳ⡣ڻϲھ
ʯ϶©һһƵĹ⣬Щڵ棬Ӱĵطγ˷밵ϣĿҲģˡ
ӡŪɡ桢Ѱڣ˵ˤˡˡôС˵ĻѾ߬סỲ½þȫһ㡣
ԼѾѳˣţҪռȨ
󱳵ʯϼţԼ岻ȥ̴ǰߣҪһЩٿһЩȻո뿪пʯڣӾصȥ
Ỳһͽ˴ԼĻŸ
ۼҴǰ澲Ϣ
ŵҡͷﵽǰľңҪĵط䶼ɫ糣ش
Ỳϵ멣һչͷ߱㳹׺ȥҲաһʶỲļ硣
ۼұöջȥ
֪Ỳ⡣ȻԾòףԣŷؽ
Ỳմһ멣ܽеӣֽỲߣ˹ʵʵ
߳ʯ⣬ӭһҫĿĹ⣬Ỳۣͷյߵ˵һ̣ɱҽС
ҧӶˡ˫ûвڵ棬˶ƮţһжûС˵ԽԽˣ͵͵߬һỲ½󣬽š
ŵĳỲⱧŸŮ˴Զסȵ֮أˣĿ֮£ŸŮˣ
Ỳûʲô飬һ
ŵȫţˮſĿڶߵĿȻҲбѹü͵ġ֪ܡ񻰡ˡ
߬Ỳ½ܽеӶ߬˿
⣿ʵ۾ȵؿԶỲ⡣ʵһֱΪŮǸöҲŮ˸Ỳ⡣ܱô˵ңɻʵԼŶӸݱأץȥֱൽϡỲʳĸ
ʵۺỲⲻǵرŸŮˣЦǺǵ˵һš
Ỳױ˹ؿڣ岻ʣȥϢˡ
ľսδľ̼ζڵҩö˼֡
Ỳһϯǰľȥ
̣̲סվָ𣺡ӡ˳շоҲ̫ˣɰ񷨷ɰȵ
һ佫ط²յߵˣ֪˻ºʱȢ޳ɼˣֱǼֱǡֱЦ
Ỳ۽ǵⶼøһһ˵ġʱ׼ʺۼҷ˿ĸͷ
ỲĽŲûֱֵ̧ۣͣͷ멣°Ͳ˲ͷȻܵĲ
Ỳü̧̧ۣոտڵͺ佫
˵СЩա


55 
, ȼƵľ㡣ľζŨỲϵ̴ζ嵭һЩ
ҼªҲ򵥵ľ崲
ỲľߡĽ, ϣЬࡣ
ƫͷ
Ҫ𣿡Ỳʡ
ҡͷ
ỲΪЬ, ȷȥվ
æס½ǡ
Ỳͷ
ȴʼյͷ, Լ߬Ỳ½ǵϡ̵֡
ỲƵתʳָϵĺ䣬Ҳѯ, Ҳ뿪ֻȺٶȿڡҲСʺӡ, ˵ʲôȴΪָ˿ڵԵɱ졣Сʺһʲô, ǱﲻסģҪȻ, Լ˼붷һԭ˵Ļ˵
Ȼû, ٴȥỲ½ǡȻ̧ͷ, Ỳ⡣
ɱɡǵʺҲպ̫󡣡Ŀƣ۽ǻմһոտʱϸỨ
ỲЦһ, ˵ﻹôްɡ
Ҫվ߬Ỳ½ǵǰֻֻỲ, ӵ
Ỳıϣϸһ˹ֱӴӰȥڰϣҲȥ㹬Ϊʺ󲻼˶ףҲܡ
ỲС֣ǰӸϻۼֱۣӿʼˣˣﻹҪҪ
Ҫˣҡͷ˫ȾϼֻֽҪӡˡ
Ỳ۶һü
ⲻСʺﻰЩƭ˵ǣһûĺƭ
Ỳû䶺ŪҴ

˹ûֱӴӰȥȼտϣտȴҴһ̫ҽԺһЩҽ飬ȡЩҩģع֮ǰѾһȵ¹ƫһߵȺعһ԰ҩ
ҩʱճãջۣһҩܳġ￪˷ӣÿһһһҩڱƳȥ
ͷȲشӹнӹôһҩ˫ҩ룬һһҩһҩȫˡ
վһԿҩÿûš
ԴûأͿʼҩҩ࣬˵Ҳܡ
տҩˡ˵ɻǵСʱ򣬳游Ļ
Ȼǵѽͷҽ˵ҽβҩһ棬Լ־Ҫ־ǿء
տͷ˵Ҳһ˷缲֮ƾ־˷
һ׹տ˼ЩȻغҵͷ
տҲ϶˵ˡ߳¹û뵽ʼƮϸСѩ
տ¹̾˿
ûƮѩоվ̫ܿҽԺȥ֮Զ˵ҪԼ˷ҲΪҩʮޡŻ̫ҽԺȥҩԳ׳ҩ˷ӣǷȱһܵõҩȥҽ飬ҵһ
տѩУȻ뵽游Ļ
游ԪΣĪҪԼ׿׿츳
ô˵ģ
˵еҽҲҽһˡС缲ҪģҽҽΡҽʷȣҽĲߣԪ֮岻ݴǡ
ѩϣտͷһعԼҽҽ֮

ϣ½ǵѯʣҪ׼ӭ𣿡
²ġ˵ƶ
ʣǡȥ𣿡
տĸ롣ҡҡͷҲȥߵױ̨ǰ£С룬ȡһСľС
ǡ
¿һۣ˵ָﰾǿˡ
šͷóһԣһҩζ
СһװʮǡõֺһţȻִ󷽵ظһ顣ֻ߿ˡӺϣСÿճһš
СʳʹԪҲƶҲίһǰ㣬ԵõĶõġʲôȱԶԱ⿴ء
˯ǰ⿪ŴǵҹڵĹҩȻֿʼտĻűҧŬš
麹ʪ͸¡
˫ֽղ£Ŭţӣ׼Լžҹÿһ̶쳣Ѱ
õļ尾֮˴ӴͷСĳߵǰֽˮпյĿ׶С
ˮϡ
ҡʲôڵأĽأˮʪȹڡ
˫նڵϵĽҪȥá
С㲻ŶԼ˵
תͷ򲩹żܵķǿҲǾ
ڵİͨĵطǼ֮أٲĵ
ԡ
ѵվβߵµĳǰ¨﷭ţס׼ԼСۡ
ۡº¡
ǡ
ҧҧսмǳԼСۻȥѪڼһӿһһεѪ
ʹʹʹ
䴽
ʹĿȥˡ
գû뿪ݡÿԹԵؽҽһһһҩϳһǣȻڴͷõˮ¡ʹҹߡҹÿһ̶Ǽ尾μտĻֻԼƾ־ơ
ʵ̵ܣóͷµļӣüȥԼСۡ
ѩСۣ˺ۡѪģ
գỲƺ֪Ĵһ㣬Ҳһֱûгǰ
ԭֹ۵ĹһһȻ³Ϊˡǵ˵յϣСϵʹֹסĿһεµѪⲻκΣûá
ʹš
־յƣƿţЬӶûײײ߽
Ұֻһյ΢Ĺ⡣
߰ߣһҪỲ⣬ɵĿỲӰڰԶʱȴȻˡ
ǰ
ǣתܣײײ
ˤˣĵˣˡźţôҲ·ĵơģʲôˡ
ỲԽԽĽŲԽԽϲԽԽ˵Զһ㡭ˡ
ļվȥỲ⣬˷һȥ
һƬỲⴹۣŵľ

ʱǴûйѡ
תͷ˯ỲһȻ˴ŵϴ̨
Լ嶼ܿƣ
СʹĥйͷÿһζܱһΣվ±ϡ
ķ紵ϣϵᶼڷ
Զ̴֮⣬ΡĹ
Եġ
նɡ˽һ֮Ҫѹ׵̾Ϣĸ׵ᣬʧõĸ硢Զڽϵĸ梵ɩӡ϶ߵĳ¡ʰǡ
ԽԽӸǰԽԽŨ
Ǻӡ
ûųҪҲ塣Ļȥǻ̫ҽǼսܿƵΪɱǹʵۣͬھ
ԣҪҲͬھ
ǻţԶĹĿᶨȻ
ۼҹỲ쳣ֲһ˿
Ỳ֪س󣬺ȻһᡰһһӸֱ⡣ʧظǰһ̻ȻѸϾźȻ


56 Ž
, Ỳվڴǰɫֺܵץţͬʱͣ˵ľɫʶر۾
ֱʲôץȴʲôĶϲָ⡣һ, ûü۾ʧصĸоʧˣϤ̴ζ
Хķ紵, ĳҷϡ
û۾С˿, ȻתͷỲš
ʲôˣ˳˳걻, ´ȻǿŰµỲⱧŻʺש·ϡɢĳ
˳˳һ, ͷҿ˻ط, Ҳټ˯ǵŷԸ
Ỳⴹ, ŻСʺ
ϴķ磬ķĳиߡ۽, һĨ졣
Ỳһǻǿһ, ٺЦһۼ׼𣿡
ûУûСر⡣۾, Ỳ⻳Ȼĺɫ
Ỳ˵ִǣɭɭصЦһ, ߣһһ˵üסˡۼû׼֮ǰۼҵġҪǸ
ỲͣͷĳĶϡ
ҪǸۼҰʶÿһ˶ˡȻճɻңأ
Ỳ⣬ŵӶˡ
ǽٺ˸Ỳһ˲۾ˣʲôѽҶҪˣҲˤˡˣˡ
Խ˵Խί˵ȥСؿšỲ⻳̫ŤͷȥỲţҲ䵽·ȥ
ỲĬƬ̣ؿơ˵ִǣ¥ȥһһ߷Ըˮ
Ỳֱӽȥ¥ҡ
ڳʷ£ȻԼ£һ仰˵
ѾˡͷҲһԡ
Զš
õĳĬ֮Ӿδ״̬ﻺһ˸֪֪Ըںδˡտյ𽥾Լŵһ˫СϡӰʱһɫ£ʱ־ûѣû£ҲûЬӡ
ǰ·ɲƽǰҩӰȻʱоŵ׵ʹ
СؽСŲŲֺ΢΢
Ỳɷһڶ棬ĪʱԼĽȥŵ׵ˡ
ûỲ⣬ߣƳһ΢Ľֺ
ţ˶˳˳¥
ˮ¥ͷ߽ңװˮľͰ£΢˵ȣҲûȵỲԸηˮ˱ȥҵŴϡ
ͷ۽ǵſڵľͰСԼµİ߲˺ۣС˵ϴ衭
ǣòΪۼұһػźԡɣỲվߵſȥװˮľͰȻˮľٶһЩˮ֣ˮ¶ȡ
ϲˮˮ¶üǨŭһۣŶľߵǰ¡
㶿ǰһˮٿỲ¡
ȻϣڴϣһҳҳϷͼһҳĻƻŮ¿㣬һˮ
˲˲˰ɡ
ǣỲȥʱæ߬ϥϵĿϣԼĿӣɸոյỲʵ̫ˣľܾĻ˵ˣΨнӡ
ֱĽűỲŽˮ񡣽ţˮŵ׵˿ڣɡ˻һ
ỲǷ˹ؽĿýˮ
͵͵ȥỲ飬ۣûиոˡ
ỲҪֽеˮ뵽ʲôָ֣ϵĺ仺תתһԵĸϣȻŽ̽ˮУСšʪյС̧Ͱأˮϴĵ˿ڡ
İĽĲģ˺üСӡϸСʯͷǶ
ỲϴĵʹԽԽ˫ѹĳϣż磬Ҫѽջ
ûɾҶʲô
Ỳ̬糣ȴЩ⡣
򴽣ҲҶˡ
ϸСʯͷǶĵỲҪָȥѹ˿ڣѪճָʯͷ˲ء
ỲӶü̧̧ۣȥڶСüͷ۾Ĳ񻰡
ô𣿡
ûǿʵءšһۡ
ỲЦһĽŸ̧һЩȻչȥȥǶʯͷ
۾
ỲȴѾ֣תͷճϵʯͷ³ȥ
㶿Ȼ֣ҲȣſĽȥľյϴˮỲϡỲ⿰۾ˮۡ
ӣηˡ
Ƭ̣С֣ȥ佦ỲյϴˮỲûʲôջ֡Ȼ̧ľһֻţ鿴ĵ˿ڡ
һֻŵֻһССĿӣûбʲô˿ˡ
Ỳĵ˺ֻۣһˮ¸ϴ˽šȻһԵϸȥ˫ϵˮա
Ỳ⽫һţߡ
ĬĬỲԶĽŲΣ̧ԼĽţһȵϥϣķŽĵ˿ںһԥָͷСỲոĵط
һƵģջȥ
ţỲĽŲ
һƵİѽŷŻոỲ뿪ʱǰá
Ỳҩ߽¡̧˱ȽصҽţԼϣȻҩƵĥѹҩȳƵճƣմҩƵƣȥѹĽġ
ее
˫ִϥϣ߬ſϵĲϣԽĴо̧۾ȥڶỲ⣬ޱ
ӡʲôأ
ƫͷԻˡ
Ӹϴ˿ڿʼỲû̧ۿĵ˿ڣỲߵԵϴּԣϸϸϴ֣СմȾǵѪζϴȥ
ϴʱģ
͵͵һۣϴ֣ջߣؾصĿǰһ͵͵̧ٿһۣϴֻ֣ٴջߡ
ϴϴָѽ
ڲ롭
Ỳ֣һ飬תŽĿ·ϡļ̱ˡ
Ỳߵǰֱӱת¥ȥһֱ߽¥ݣỲޱؽڴϡ
ȻȻأ
͵͵һۣպײỲĿ⡣ЩȻջĿ⣬ŲŲһֱŲ࣬Ų
컹ûء
ỲתӰ
Ỳֱߵ񴲵ĳ£һ̧״һȵϥϣһ첲չǽĿϣһֻľϣ΢޳ָ˹صߵš

òȻСȵת˸
ڵĴš̿ͽȣỲһֱ̫Ӧǻ﷢ơỲߵĶֽ̧ͣ쳶һЩ
ջʱỲŷﲻԾ
첽¥߽¥ңѰϵĺ䣬Ƶʳָϡ
߾ӳīɢģ˴ЬԼ
Ỳ⳶˳ǣշתһЦ


57 ҩ
Ỳ첽¥ʱ, û˯šɵỲ»ص¥ݣѾ˯ˡһҹ
, ȷе˵Ѿĸûкú˯ľˡ
ѹʱ͡
ȵ, תͷӴս⡣Ŀⲻһ١
ľбŶϷˡľ֮ķ϶겻ȥ
ʲôʱ򶤵ġô˯ô, һ㶼ûѽСš
ֺȻԼ־Լһܹ, ҲûϳǷˣӦûᵣǰɣǴܲ³ǴӰ˲󡣿һ粻¹, ʲôȥѰ˶߿ɲá
˵, տ˵ҩһһÿҪصġȱһ٣Ҳ֪ǲҪҩЧѾ, ӦȥŶԡ
æ˫շŵ棬̴һʹС
˻
Сüͷ̾
š֨ѽһ˴ƿѰ̧ͷ, ײỲĿ⡣
˯ˣỲɫѰҲ糣, һ˿Ц⡣
ǰỲɺ۾ģܿ콫ԺеĻߣỲͷ˵Ȼ˯ʱ, ûȥˡ
ŷӦŽܹʱȻҲûЬӡ
˯̤ʵ, ۼźúáỲ߹ȥ˫ѹĴϣƽӡ
˼ƿߡϲҩƵԼ󻶵̫ѿˡֲòá
Ҫȥˡ
ʵһ½ݷˣżܺİſţȻ֪˲˯ʱ¾ͺͲ˲ź
Ỳû
ֱʱ¥¹
ǳİߵͲͬЩطỲҪͷͨС
ỲĲӣ˵Լߵġ
ûЬỲⴹۿºЦ⡣
ûԽỲ⣬ڲԶĳºͲ顣µĻЬӡ
·ûٳỲĻŴİ
ỲԿ尵·û·ơִŵƵĲں棬ߺġڰĻ˵ľ
ĬĬỲĽŲ̧ͷһƬڰȥỲ˳˼
룬˼ֳɹ֡

ص¹ʰ̽õҩݸҩӹڴڵһԺȹ⡣
Ỳ⽫ڴ֮û뿪˰ӣ¡
ʰǼỲԥһ£̫ҽ͹ˣһֱƫء
ˣտ˵ҪһҩһָЧҩ
Ц˵̫ҽ
ƫտ޵ʰ
̫ҽ񡣡ĴտɫüһƬɫԼµҩ»ûгɡ
ϵɫֻȻһ˲ֹ۵Ц
ỲտȻǰ￪ķֻǸãŶаҩһЧĽҩֻǽҩҪһζԵõҩ
һԽ׷ʣʲôҩ
ʨѪ
޵ڵļ˶һãȻȻûʨӡ˵ʲôʨǴûʨӡ
ỲƵزתָϵĺ䡣
տͣһʮ׺ʨֻһϡ١뾩ǧΪҩǸնɱĳʨ¶ȵѪõҩ
ֱü
гʨȥܻһֻ˵ռѣɹܣǧ˻ؾҲҪܳʱ䡣
۾ʱɥˡ
տ̣֮ŬѰ֮ʱû⡣ţ޳ҩҩˡ಻֪ûҩҩûм֡
տüȾ˼Ǹ⡣
ȴ۾Ц˵ѽء
ֹ۵ӣտֺԼҽͷӹ澵ֽʣʼдҩ
üۺЦصȺ򣬵տͣ˱ʣٿڣ̫ҽٸһ㻮˵ҩ
ʲô˵ģ˿Σտѯʡ
ԥһ£˵ӡ
տ̧ͷ
СϵĻۣʶģʱµģѵʱ򣬼Щ˺Լ¡Сϵ˿¶տһЩ˺ôġǵ˿ڸȾȥ
ԥ̧̧
ʰǾһһŵҩϻˡ۾һ죬ԼԻʺ̫ˣȻȻ
ỲⶢѪ۰߰ߵСۡһֱĬŵȻڣʣģ
ûͷûԵһ仰˶û
ȵգ۾Լ˼һҪ⡪Ĳģǵģ
ǹտҲ̴΢Ỳ⣬֪ôڽ͡
ỲȻЦһ¡
վߵԣϵҩתһ顣۱ī̧֡æʵݸ
Ỳ˱ʣԭҩϵҩĻȥ֣д˼ҩ
տ첽߹ȥỲ޸ҩ
Ỳûʲô飬ظҩ±ʣҩݸ飬Ըȥ尾ڡ
տüڣǡ
ûˡỲĻ
ľĻ꼰տæ˵̫ҽ°ɣ
ҲѰ
ỲⴹָۣһûһƵ档
տһۣҾȥ
ỲߵǰսĶ䣬ÿ磽ⶼѰۼҡΪ֪Ǳˣ㲻ۼҽڴۼֺô
뿪ڣỲʳָȴĴϡ
ꡣٻ˵̫࣬ۼҲǺ
ỲⴹЦ
Ҳûʲôֵģһʼ֪Сʺ׾ӵͶһжһ֡áޡ
Щһʼ֪
ûʲôģ
Ҳ⡣ΪʲôҪأԣ⡣ЩҪỲƵգᡣ
ôģҪ
áֻޣͨͨҪֻҪ֪Լõ㹻ˡ
żõҩͽϣỲʣĸӻ˵ģ
ỲɫԽЦŵģԽǾëȻֽ£ȡµļӵݸỲ⡣
ǣỲѼӸԼָѪעνõҩ
㵵
ŵѪ飬Żζ˵ʨǵʸҩ
Ỳ⽫ָһѪĨ۵Ĵϣ֬ƵظͿȣĴһƬʺ졣
̧֣ӹ澵ҩѪҩιȥ
޵һƬž˭ҲҳϢҲ΢
ȻỲת뿪¹
Ỳ⻺뿪¹ߵ棬紵ţ¶ȲʡֻǻظԽԽء
΢ȣһ
Ỳͣ½ŲָĨȥǵѪиãȻȫ֣һָơһ̣ڿȳѪѵһƬհף֪ʲô顣
һǻظиŨ³ôһѪ
ש𽥾۳һѪôۡ
ԶĹ˿һĻرܿỲЩ˴Ϊ˵ļ˱ӦѪ
Ỳ⽫ѹţȥİ
Σ˵ִǣԳЦˣķˡ
۾յ۵Ĺ⡣
ʲôϵأ
͡


58 
Ỳѩ˹زߵѪ, ȻŸ߸ߵǽСխѩ׵ѹͦε, ʹǵģޱ飬䣬ʱյ׮׮εϸĥ
, ֹʱա
ڵĹ, š
ůµķ磬档
Ỳⲻʮ빬, ʮΪʮƿ˾, һ꣬ŪڹƼ, Ű, ŷϼλˣýڲ
һ, Դ϶Űʮ࣬ѵ˲˹ģ
϶ȱ, ή红ͯԶϣñնָ˫ּŹ̢
϶ñȥһۡջٵĿɲĿ׵ȥһج, ޷ֽ
ȻСΨһϣ
϶Լģ, еϣỲϡ
Ỳһʮڰٵݵġóֵģޡ
ԣѡԻаγǶ϶ı϶ѪʱỲﵽ˼ֿ.
Ỳ谵ʮһεøС
ȻˣỲѡаɲֻΪ˱϶ĵ׵ĺģ밮ġ
϶Ű࣬ǸԼܵײ²Ǽɵıԡ
Ỳ϶ͬѪȻԼ϶Ƶĵط磬ҲǸɵˡ
ԣаߵĽݾٶȡýճɾͣаİɲС
˽֪Ỳаɲ⡣ȴû뵽еĽݾҪۡ
аỲ岻ӦůԶֻܻڱʧ˴󱯴ϲľ顣
ʱỲĴ۸ۡ
ΪЩľʣᱻϲšʹ죬Ҳǻġϸ΢ġġ
ԣỲ⿴Լ³һѪʱãȻ֪ʲô顣
ǻظУʵˡ
ǣ°
϶Ỳ⳹һУΪԼȻһҲûʲôʧȥĶ
ֱСʺվڴ̨ϡҹķȰ㴵뷢ҡ
Ỳڲ֪ʱʧһɲǣζǾ°
İǱܵѹȥǱֱգտЦӲЦֱգ䣬¶СϿɲİ߰Ѫۡ
֪
ô᲻Сʺֻǲ뱻ҩԼ壿Ỳˣϰ˽˿͸ı¡
Ỳ⳶˳ǣЦˡ
ЦڲԣŤ⡣Ϊˣһ̺Ȼģʧȥľ¡ϸ룬ԼƷ߳ŭζ
ָϵĺժˣŽУҧš
ƬƬ̴ӰӸ̴־ͷ
ʱ϶˻ɤӶ˵С㿴ûУÿһ̴һ
Ỳ̴ĵ㣬̴߽֣Ѫζշתմ

գỲѪڹдˡ˽Ϣͳ˹ݸһЩλ֮ˡ
ѻǰʾҪҪϢ
ʱỲʯ֮һݼǧֵһһֻһĳţѰСǺУһƻԡ
ء
£һ߽ƻǣһʣڱžŰʮߵ棬˸档
ѻƳһ۰ջߣصˡ
ת뿪֮󣬷ѻǰǰϵǷƮƮļҳֽȴεؽѪζ֮˶ΪΪỲЧỲȡ˭֪һ˰ͷȴ֪ỲһϵÿһˣӡС
ʲôطѻɵľŪĹÿЩӡе˵Ĳ״̲סͷƤ顣
ϵļǧˣ鲼롣еĳݵĽţеĳĳ߹٣еĴƣиѰİա
˵֮ͬЩʱ֡

µǵߡ
ỲѪҩʱ˯ȥֹһ˯еʼա
ֻţٴȥտʱտջص̫ҽԺ¹С̫࣬ˮһڣּϹ
տϸϸϵĽȥ˿˵඾ųļ󣬲صǡ
̫ˡⶾʵǺЦˣ̫ҽܻ
տỲĹҩܿóỲ˼ζҩΪҩáһĥỲĵҩԿҪϵҩʨ֮ѪĶ
ѯʣ֮ӡҩ˶
µͷü˵ӡԼѪν˸ռõҩ
տȻ
ü£壬̫ỲѪΪʲôʨЧ
̫ҽҩǷһμɣʳ
տҡͷա
⡭ãȻˡŽҵȥʣʣյҩҪټҩ˰ɣ
տĳĬóµ˰ء
Ȼµĵǲûгڶյʱ
һֱ˯ţм½ѹ۵ιˮ˯˹ȥ˵ڶհ磬ã۾
Ҫˮ𣿡¸æʡ
۾ݶΣȻغһ
Ȼ֪СϰˣСܵίСغš¸æȥױ̨룬ȡһιȥ
οڿеζǶڿл
ˡ
żܺ洫һߵ
ͳ¶һ
תͷ򲩹żܵķ֪˱زỲ⡣Ųš
¿˻أ򿪲ڲżܺİš
˳Ц¶Сվ⣬ֲǽŵʳеݸ£ʺҩ
˵꣬һҲزҿתŰ뿪ˡ
¼ææŹغãʳлʳУŨҩ
Щ¡̫ҽ˵Ҫء
ӹҩ
ûأŵ˵ѪζճҩŰ״ɵĵطԼɼѪĺ졣
ǰỲָѪҩ龰
´ߴ١
ع״룬ѪζҩȾҩж࣬ѪζѹҩĿࡣ
ʱ˳ִİҩ
ҩ꣬տΪȻֿһҩҪÿշһʱĿ顣
ʱ򣬳¼
¼һգǻʺޡϻʵ۰ʱʼ˯һ˯û뿪Ԫ
ָḧ¼ϣ˽ġʺ󡱶֡
͵һ¼첽Ԫȥ̼ʵۣ֮£¼յ͹ޡֻ͹ҹ˵˻ֲޡ
ϧˡѾЩû͹ȥˡ
ɫ糣⣺£ʺ빬࣬δ飬ڻʺִˡ½Ƽ¹
⣡ʵЦˣã
̹˳ףޡ
컹ûڣʵ۱¹Ϊ˳һʺ󣬻ʵ֣ԡһͿϡ
Ȼʵۻû¹ʱѾִһյƣ
򸣡˳
ЦһС˵ӡ¥
ݸƵݸ˳꣬Ჽ¥ȥ
ỲڴǰŪġ̴߳ʱ㿴յ¥תͷ


59 ζ
ǰƬһƬ, ɫϦӴսڵذϣӰذиһ, ˳ԼɼһްġỲӰӴսĹ, ֻһϥͷ
ڣƵôˣ
, Ѱʲôûһȥ, ǱսĹε۾˫΢ӦһЩŲ׽µỲ⡣Ĭ¥ݿ, ĬĬỲһ߽, ݵϡ
Ǿ쵽ְֹķΧ³򣬼ؽУʺ󣡻ʺСʺ󣡡
߱һų, ջߣỲ߹ȥһһ밵Ӱϡ
һӴⴵ, ǱϦиĹӰϣζ, һʱů£һʱӰ
Ỳ߽
Ỳǰͣ˵⼸˯û, Ҳ۵Զ·ӡ
Ỳ˵˵꣬ͷ, ջߣһë׵ĳݣŪеġ
ǰһǳɫȹ޵ỲȡһִֻỲļϣ΢΢ȥڴ̨ϵġ
ӡ˶ٴαѧ˵ʺ󣿡ʡ
ġỲϸϸĥһ£ûдƷʲôѰ
һûеȵỲĻشתͷỲ⣬ײ۾
ػȴЩãȻỲϲŭýŪĴ㣬ȴϵؼһƽ
ֹһЩܲĿԣƿߡվֱ壬߬ȹһ㣬¶ЬӡͷԼЬ⣬˵ŵ׵˿ڲ඼ˣԶ·ֿʼˡһ
̧Ц
Ỳϵ̧֣
˳ϣؿؿڡ
Ỳ⽫ַȻشࡣ
Ỳë׳ݵһȷе˵ɴʳָ̧֣ȡָŵĳݣȻ֣ŰɴСָ
Ỳ봹һС
ỲƽͣܲӦǰȫͬҲƽ͵ڣΪʲôӡѪĹЧ
ۼʱԹӵޡỲ˵
üЩ̫⡣
Ỳ˵ġԡȻūζ϶ͳʨһҪڼĳʨǰֻܳԳʨ⣬ȳʨѪ
ʱֳѪ֣֮ͿʼѪζ϶ȻҲ֪϶׼㣬ԱȥѪ
ЩܲķΧỲŲŲƫת壬Ỳ⣬ʣӡ𣿡
ǰỲԾżƽѰ˹˵ۼ˼﾿ãֵۼԸ߽׾ӵ˼Ȧס
һƲ⡣
û뵽ֱ׵˵Ĵ𸴣أ֪ôӻ˻ű׾˵ﲻãôͲֵˡ
ỲЦһ°̧̬ﵹ˵˵Լʲôá
Ȼ;ɥˡѵҪ˵ΨһԼΪŵ㡪ԹĿ˼ƹϵ
Ỳ֣סϸֱۣ˴ӻһơ˫ۻƵ˵ۼˣպ󲻱زˡ˰Ѱˡ
һ࣬ûҲû
õͷỲ⣬ֿȻϸ֨ҽУʺ󣡻ʺӡӡ
Σű೤һ䣺ѽ
ỲҲǻšһ
ֹ˰Σͷٱһ䣺ٵġ
Ỳûٴִڴ̨ϣŰɴʳָ΢飬ߵš
ֹһٶȿڣƵģҲаɡ
ỲߵĶͣ
ǣӡ㱾һԸһȥỲӡỲ⴩խխխڹϡֻһϣҡ
Ỳ̧̧ۣƳ

Ͽ𣿡΢ͣһ£˵ҩµġ֮ҲġֻֻԼǵãȴô벻ˡ
ỲЦһʣ͵ȹӾˣ
ûС
һҹķۼһ˵ģỲ
ͷͼպ
Ỳ裺ҪǷźȥ̻ѰСĶźŮ˵ַЩȻܰź
ãתߡ
ỲıӰĲӣ²Сʺ߼ͣ
һ
ͣ˽ŲͷҲûת
ỲıӰСʽй
ԼᶯȹڣĿͶỲ⣬Լ棬֪顣
Ỳ˵Ǿ䡪ꡣٻ˵̫࣬ۼҲǺ
֮ٶȿڡ
ֻԣʱζűڽŵ׵Ӱӣã˫𽥾ɣװᶨ
ȻӡԸ⣬ǿӡ֪Ǳϲߡϲ߱²ߡֻԸӡڻùһʱգպƴϣһ
̧ǰߣŲٲɣ¥ݡ

¥ݷϵָһ£ѹ۵׵ʪ⣬תǰỲ⣬۾
Ỳ⡰һĵƫߣҲ̫ŪˣûȤζ
˵ţ̨ϵĳݣȥĵԴ
ȻСʺܹĽŲ
գգա
һһԽԽļƵġ
ȥỲ⣬ľѡ
ỲĻơϼȥҹĻĺϡɢȥδȼƻ¥㳹װȥ
ָô¥ԺɨҶ˳Ըˮ
ǡ˳Ȼ̧ͷ¥ȥֻüζ
ˣһƬҲỲƫҧҧĶȥؿڵĳȴæס֡
ôﲻҪۼźˣ
˵žͰͰӡûˡҪԡ
Ỳ⡰ŶһƵʣҪۼźԡ𣿡
ͷ˵ãһŮҵ˳ģ
ˮҪЩʱ䡣Ỳؿڣ˳׼ˮһƬ˼롣ȻỲĵ˵ûźԡʱӡţǰָỲϴŵģ
ıĴżգĪٴδӽĿʼƵشʪһ¡
ЬĽֺ΢΢СؽŲŲ
ϸСĶûӹỲĿ⣬Ƴϸ΢ζȹڡ
ôˣʡ
ĿԸ˵ʵ˵ˮҪþá
Ỳ⡰šһȻ֪ǲ⡣
Ȼ˵ҪãǲǿЩģ
Ỳⲻ⣬ŵƳ
ǷǷչȥ
ӡóǰʲô𣿡ʡ
Ỳݣ˵ζġ
Ȼȥ
һƬڰ¥۾רע
ֱ˳˳ˮ¥ĽŲŽ˵೤սᡣ

ͬʱºʰǣӲͷƤӴ˺ȻĻʵۡ
ʺأʺôӼʵû߶õ·;ƣͷ߳һݣֱ£ѯţĿɨĹǡ
һ


60 Ҫ
侲ؿ, ůͣʺõöЩŹ÷ʳ;ȥˡ
˸, ʵ۲ˡ
춼ˣ÷ʲôꡣʵ۲رԹһ䣬Ƴһ۵ͷĳ, ȻϵĲ룬һڽĲ趼ˡǾ, ù澸һȡ²븹ͷĺ
ʵҪȻʺ˼
¹澲, ɳºʰףûȥʲô÷֡ԶԶʥ, ѷԸС̫Ϣȥˡ
ɳﻹǵǡ֮ȥ, ֲԻʵ۵, Ȼܵġ̲סỲ֮Χǰһ
˼ţʵȴȵòͷˡվ, ˻֣˵޾, Ҳȥɢɢպȥ÷Ѱʺ󡣻ʺĽ÷֣޴·
ʵ˵ţ̧ߡ
ʺϽǵǾޱͤȥġ˵, ȥ
˵ȥ÷֣ϹࡣΪ¹һƬ÷֣ӰɽͷǻʵȥѰһʺ, ҲҪһЩʱ䡣
ɳû뵽ʵۻ÷Ѱʺ
Ĵʵ۵ɫŻʵѰʺ󣬻ǺŵµζѰ˰컹ʺӰʵϵ±㵭ȥˡټߵþ֧ԽԽͷ
޵Ļʺ󾿾ܵȥˣʵ۲ͷرԹ
ʰС÷Ъء
ʵʰǵĽͣڰ˰ȥȥȥ˰ѻʺҳ
ͷһҪ÷ֵ˼㷲²֪Ѱʺĺ龪һҲǼȻʧ֮һĿܣҲĵײԸա
һֱͷĳ̧
Զ·˰ɣӣȥʵ۲öϵ麹
ʵſµ

˳ŲҴңһ·С¥վ⣬ߵ£۵ӡ¹С̫ഫ
ʱỲˮ
˳ͣһ£˵ȥȥ¹
ʶһ˿Ҳ˵ֻ̧۾ŲæỲ⡣֪ġ
Ỳĳ˹ؽĳԺĳͰˮʪ
ĸ߾ӳỲΪ췢Ӱ봹ۣĿŵѻϣרע
Ȼ֪ỲȻȥǹʵۣǻ̲סȥ²⣬ỲҪʲôأ
һûʵˤȣһֱҩ˻ʵ˯͡ôһأ
ͷãỲƿڣȥ߻ʵۣۼҸҪ˻ʺ󡣡
ˮе͵תˮŵ۾Ỳ⡣ỲȥϵϡתͷӭĿ⣬գ۾
˳Ҳһǿѹ𾪣һǡתС¥ȥ
ỲժƿСƿ۵ˮһЩݳ̽ˮн˽÷ɫˮοȻתͷ۾ƽӣʪָʣۼҵĻش𣿡
Ỻһľʪָĥ䣬ǰȥһ㣬ǳǳỲβ
Ĵѹ۽ޡ
Ỳ۾
һ֣Ỳ۾ģͷľͰˮ档ỲЦЦ䣬ұ̽ˮУƵΪתϴ
һˮһˮָ䡣
뵵ˮ̫Ũֻ̫ůƫȥպ졣ƫƫŸ߾һˮͭϣʵӳ˵Ӱӡ
žã˫۾޴ɷš鳤۽޲˲۾֪ԼѵģǹӾƵ඾δȫҲٽŪ־ģۣϸȥܡֻϸ΢ˮԼ
֮ỲľͰ޽ϸȥϵˮ䣬ûһߵ˹
ˮգỲִ³ﳶһϡ´ϣ°ĴϡỲĿƣϸֱѩȣʣԼ¥𣿡
߬°³˳ҡͷأҲߡ
ԼߣҪỲǰ˴գϸļͷšỲֱ̽ϥ£˱
ʱ򣬻ק°ڡ
¥ݣỲ⽫ûдڵİϡתϨһյһյĵƣĹһһ㰵ȥֱݽһƬڰ
Ȼĺڰ۾ӦãȻתͷĿỲķ
Ỳ𽥿ĽŲ֪ڴ¡һƬڰﴫͳ
ﲻˣ˵һۼٸƵơỲ֣̽ժ𷢵޻
һƬڴ
ỲⴹۣƳϸϸָͷֳָŲŲܹҵ
ѰỲ֣Сֵ֣͵ؿڣһյưɡ
ţỲֻŵ֣ת˽ǶȣĴָĲŪһ¡
ԥʵʵ˵˵롢ظܡǵƵüӡС
Ỳ߳ŭغԣԼô£֪أ֪Ŀڲһ͡ЩԴ˵̫԰ûг⣬ֻж֤
ޱԼʲô
һƬӵûҩʱ۾ʱĻ
ûУû
һƬڰüỲȫϵı顣
Ỳ⿴üӣһƬγЦؼһӳǡ
ỲúЦ͵͵Ц
Цŵͷͷüġǵ͵͵Ц㴫ɻ磬һ¡
Ỳ˵ãȥƵơ
ͷһյƸյȼỲȴתͷſڵķ
⣬˳Ŀȥֵȣú˽Ų
˳ߵţٴ¹Ĺ澼ҴϢǰȥ÷Ѱʺ󣬺Ԫʱ򣬴һ¹Ĺ澡
ѿڶ£
Ỳתۿʣ֪ߵһ
һǳ£Ỳ⣬ȾȾ
ỲȴֻƵ˵ۼҿɲǸˣûоһСС澵ġ
Ỳһľѹȥ
Ỳ߹ȥ£ٶȿڣ˵˵ûۼҺˣΪһΡ
򴽣ջỲĿ⣬ֱ˴һ˫Сܵ³ǰ³ţҵԼ·ֱӵϣѸٴԼ·תߡ
Ỳע£ѹѹĴ齣ϵʪ⡣ʪ⣬δˮյȾʪġ
ôСʺǸйġֻһʱԶεεطеѰ
ỲƵߵſڣ¥ݵʣ治ҪۼҰæˣ
û
صһֹæҲܽ˾ȳ
˳͵͵һۣʺŲͣûͣһ£СѯʣӡҪҪȥһۣ
Ỳɨһۡ˳æؾصصͷ
ӡվ¥ȥ˳Цˡ

ʵϣŸողڻ´Ļ
ʺʵ⼫ˡ
ƫϴŹ棬ſڡ
򰲡еüܡק£һƴȥĻۡ
澣պ̫죬Ⱦָ£


61 
Ỳվʯͤ, ڻԪ龰Цˡ
ʵ۰ˣֻҪ͵, ˸Ǽ˶졣࣬Ӽɻ䣬̫ŮˡбͲòĹŮĵظԼҶʳ, Ϊ˱ܿʵ۳ҡ
Ỳڰ֣õϢڻ, һĨЦ⣬Ԫſڵķ, ֱԪ
ǸȵĹ澣ͷ
Ԫ, ¹ҪỲ֮ء, ɫ£߽Сʺ
ɫǺܺ, ģŲҲñһЩ첽ǰߣỲܽ, ſ
Ỳһۣ΢ɫ
һС̫ŲҴҵشԪ׷, ߶ţʺȵȣӵˣ
С̫һ·Сܣܵ, ص񣬽ӵݸʰǣ˵ŵӡ
ǲӡ
С̫࿴Ỳһ, ԥ
ƳһӣѰһ͡
Ȼѹٵһ䣺˵ɡ
ỲЩؿһۡ
лʺͣС̫лȻСطɿ˵˾䣺ʱȥ¹˾Ůٵݵ⡣
԰գС̫תߡ
üһ£˾Ůٳʲôӡ
ƹܻʵ˾ˣڻʵǰ⣬ʵȥĸɹмֱǷ֮¡ķ֮£˵Ļɡ
ֻɺ
ףԸںƽʢһȥһ˾޴Ѱ磬ÿ¹һˡ
ƽʢ׳ǡ
ỲȻƵѯʣʱڹߣ
ԼЩۣᱻỲһ֪Լĵϸ˵һ֣Գ֡⡱
ʵʵ˵⹬ҪЩ߲׵
ỲͷȻͬۼֻǺ£ˣƻգ
ỲǰСʺĥСʺƷŸɲƵ飬˵ʲôŵ˶ٺôˡ
Ҳ֪ӻȥ٣
ԥһ£ſڣ˾޴ǾǰŮӹġոԪǸС̫࣬иʳʱȥ̹ʹ
̧ŷˣͷ˳һۣҲҪ֣תỲ⡣ỲǰһǷݳСţϷ
ỲԭԶȥķĥ˵Ļ
ɣ
Ỳһ£Ǽǰһ̫ҽԺĳ̫ҽ˽ͨͬɾٱ׽ڴѳỲ⻹ǵʱײѳĳΪϧ
Ỳڻ¡Ƭ֮ڻ
ʺģȥң˫ʺǮլԺ
Ỳ˻֣ڻˡ
ôˣƻգȴû뵽顣
ɹֲϾЩỲֶþΨδöˡˣءܵõġ
ỲȻ뵽ڱ̹²ˡЩо󲿷ֲǸ壬ʣµһЩǼĶ飬ڹе߿ɲֹո˰
ǡ
Ỳ£ҹ磬ʧķ
Ƶزתָϵĺ䣬ֲóӲ˰
СʺӲˣεοĴȻԽԽ١Ỳⲻˡ
ǣỲһ£ѣת߰¥ݲȵͷҲصģ
ֺÿġ
Ỳ۾ϵĲ㡣
ζţûָմζɿڡ

ʵһֱϣﷴŲ̵ݹĻӡ˵Ҫ˻ʺ󡣡
ʵ۰仰ĥһһ飬ԽĥԽζ
ǣһֱỲ⵱ĸףûỲ⣬ܵʵۡỲ⽫ൽӦջųݱѵ˵ˣǮܡ
ס
ɱϾǲ£˰ʵ۵ˣ١
˰ʱǺģԸԸš͡
ΣʵϲĿ͵ǰһСϴ˼ץץСۣԶС֡
СӼæܹ
ʵ۹ػ޵ڣȷֻСһˣѹỲѪˣ
ǧȷЩ˿
һʵ۲šŶһС˿
Сȥ
ʵ̨ϵĵƻ˼ƮúԶʼỲ˻ôỲˣǲǿһĻʵˣôԼĻʺҪøһˣ
һ̣ʵ۾µ硣
ỲˣӦҲʵ˰ɣɱھûлطص̻жӫh˵Ҳȡ֮
ĸҲǲ𰡣
ʵ۹رŸ첲˯ˡ˯УһỲһỲ

ص¹ϸѯ˻ʵ龰ʰǵĻǡ
Ȼû´
˭׼ˣѵȣǺ졣
²֪Ϊʲôôһ߹ȥһ󣺡ŭ岻á
ѽʹαϵϳ顣
㻰أ˭׼ŵģ
ԪʱһѾѳ´ˡʱ̺۾޴˵ū澴ˣū澲ţŭǧŭ
ſ޳һᣬһ˵ӣ¾һū澣ֵŭҪҪҪԼܻ֡ū澾Ҳֵá
˵ūţ㵽Ƕأ
²ʲô˵ӣֶ͡ãԲӡ
ҲҪͣȥ£Ҽţū֮ǰһˡһԼϲŭġˣݸжǰ̵ģҲ㣬һūˣƾʲôҪԼū͵ѵŵȫչҡңԼķʽӲΪԼıЩʲô𣿡
һ˵Ļѹ̫õ˲ȥĿǻҪǳˣôѽ
Ѿʧȥ̫̫ˡ
֪ˣ¿ȥȣģޣޣԺһԼ
Ỳˣڵһ࣬СʺѵõڵĻþȫȥŮ߱׷¡
þȫµܾûʲôȡ
ỲĿ׷£ȥʲôζⲻܣӦòСʺôСʺҲҳ
ׯģȻʮӣԽԽú档
ױ̨ĳ룬Ȼҵһǡƿиǣ״ǣšü
Ỳⲻϲǵζ
һ࣬ѵµ˵ҲỲûױ̨ϻбǣΪѵس
޹£ȥҩϢ˳£ﵽ۵ġ
ͷɥƹſױ̨ǰỲ⡣
ڳСľǡ
ǺСְһ꣬ÿֻһŵǡ
ÿγһţȥﻹʣ¼šСľӦǡ
ڣ۰ͰͿỲ⽫СľһǷŽС
̧ͷỲ⡣ոտ޹۾ġ
Ỳ㿴ʪ𽥸ۡ


62 
ǵζڿǻο, ԭϲζ۵ʪ۾̱öһ˿ζ
Ỳշת˳, ǵζƺҲ
۾οԼֻǶѣ۵ʵ̫Сˡ
Ỳ⽫װǵСľƵתȦ, Żױ̨ϣ˵Ｘбǡ
ǲһ, ǿˡû˵СҲֵ˵
ƽʰǿỲһǵһỲ, ÿμ˶ҪһˮѾˡ
޹, Ҫϴϴ
šһ˵һȥ
ʰǱƹ, ܿ
Ỳ߹ȥƳһױ̨Ͽ˵СǺ, СָỲĴָϸҪȥϴ, һͻ
Ȼǵýڲжϵ顣
ϴ»ỲѾˡ
Ỳ˲
˳ǰ˾Ůٳ͸ӡ, ӡܾ
Ỳüԡ̡һӡûС
˳ؼϸ˼ζ̴ʲôҲû̴ֻĬ鲻ʱ, ҸƧĵطš
Ỳڰ񳤰ϵָߵš
ڣ˳Ҳ׾һԣԹɫصŷԸ
һ, ỲȻЦһ
˳ԼµӡǴˡ²ţܳǷʲôֻҪӡɣͻĴỲɫ̽ѯʣӡҪŮ٣
ỲⴹۣƳָϵĺ䣬ĥһſڣһ
Ů˵һ죬뿴һСʺߵ׿סСʺһʱ䣬СʺжСʺʲôҲûɵСʺĶ䳰ЦҪϣƨɡ
ǡ˳ͷųȥ
ỲֺȻڣѲǶǡ
˳Ųһ٣һ£Ӧһǡתȥ죬ȴ
ÿ¥ÿỲⳣȥ˳ֵĵطǡǰӡԸÿǺﱸƻζǡոỲ뿪ǰԸ¥Ǻƻǻζġ
⣬ӡȥһ˲һʱٻôҪζǿ飬ˣ
˳ĥӡζٶǲ̫ˣ
ȵȣӡǲϲ

ǰʵۿҪѳ͸Ỳ飬ʲôܡʱ̱ǲԸ֪Ỳܾ֮˿ЩϸҲܡ
ԣڶ磬֪Щ顣
΢΢е㲻̫ԼĲ²⡣
ɴɱһǧɷŹһҪٸʵףŪԣټ˳̡
̸׹أص񣬱顢̬һ˿һĴ
ЦƽҴ
̹صл˸߶صŮģ
ϸϸЦţϸһμ㣬ׯģҲúá
˸ޣ̲ҵ
ָ顣
ɫһ˵лֻǳæ˾޴ССˣʵûгɻ뷨
ؿͷջس
Цʣ㶼汾Ҫָ˭
ûи̻ػĻᣬƵ˵ȥӡæڳû强ǿϧض£㵽ӡź򡣡
ˡ죬Żʺһʱʧ˵ǲ֪Ҫ˵ʲô
ܾǸþܾǡǡ͵͵һ˿ҡ
Ů٣䲻ǻʺȥźϣǱȵģ˻ϧ
ġ
ѹĵУײţҪѹסˡ
£ԥ¸ġǻϲ
ϸϸų̵ɫûдκһ顣üۼʼչǳǳЦȥ
ȻЦһŮĽȥ̣Ӳǳ˵أ
ǰ𴽣Ŭȥѹ﷭ĸͬʱŬ΢Цı顣
Ȼ֪µˣǶԸôǿأõĹɲίίؼ޸ˡЦ̸ԵģּܲˡضµĺùðﱾЭǡԣΪλɡٸߵλݿҪԼȥˣڷŻҪʾ²
췭ظعζ㵵ǰСʺЦӯӯ
Խ̣ſڵĳ¡˵¡Σ楡
ڴȻЦƷ˶ߡʺ󡭡ʺֽ֪ţʺڱ
£ʾ
£Ϊϵǣ˳¡
ǰЦ
ĻʺǸġεεģһǻȴû̫µĵСԶ˵߲˶·ͺۡδʺιˡʺͷһ⡰Ρ˵ײˡ
̲Լô뿪¹ģججֻԼɽ˵
֮ȥµʹɲС֪µ۲ۣɵʱһתץһѴ֨֨ҧųԡ

Ϣܿڹﴫ˹س̣ҲϧڲͬĽǶȣĵġܿǶ֪ǻʺµľ
Ͳòɵ˼
ʹĵطÿ˶ҪԼһһн֮ÿҲҪԱ˵һһϸĦ
빬ֻ飬һǵʵ۾ƺ購ޣΨлʺȥֹڶƣڽӴϴ󷽻ػѪϴ̹֮ϳ
£еĻʺǸСӲʺˣɵ밲ڶ⡣
⣬һ ֺ¶󹬵ⲻôĦĦȥ˼ȥûͷźҪȥ˳ߡ
̱ķңҪӦЩŵˣʤ

鴫ỲʱڳϣĲɵų¡
˲ݿܣ־ٱַ֮¡Сң㲻öҡĴսֻۡѡ顣
ûʵȨľɲڸȡᡣ
˳߽ڣỲС˳̵顣
ỲüȻЦһֵĳáóǶỲ
ةԥһԾɿڣ򽫾ʱݿܣӡΣ
ةĲ鲻ԸỲף¶Ỳͷ
Ỳ⡰Ŷһ
һ˲ļžЩ⡣
ỲƵؽ˾䣺ǰ򽫾
վԱߵỲ⣬ɫް̲סȥỲΪʲôͬ⣬ǲǡ
ݿܵöˣʵۼ͵ʣǨ֮ôˣ
Ǩ˲ƲС£󲿷ֵĳȻԸ⡣ɱ¿˿ڣֲһζšֻίʱȵϱߵйס
ĸйʵʡ
ǵйʡ
ĲɵỲ⣬Ȼ̧̧ۡ
ŨѪζ⣬ڣǻײţŻ
ţỲѹؿڣܵĲȻ³һѪ
ͥȻ
Ỳȴֻ˹ѩӲ˲ǵѪƵ˵

ỲصʱԶԶ¥ĴǰڶŪеġŵĶݵȥȴһзɳųɳ⡣
ѽȻˣ


63 
˫ѹڴ̨, ̽⣬Ŀ׷Żģɽ̴, ССӰ𽥿ˡ
ûüӣеһƵƮ䡣ʱǷỲС
ǳɫ˿, ֻһһ꺣ġ
ỲţŵŮ
СüͷûбỲ⵱ץ, װɵȫ֪ӵġץ˸ţƱ綼С
, ͹ˣỲ̧ͷŴڵ
һŹ, ӡһԡЦŪģЩ顣ϵЦĨۡ
Ỳ⽫ս, ¥
Ỳ⿴ϰڵʱֵƳһ, ʣѪˣ
ĲỲһע⵽ѼѪ鹽ѪѼѪѪ
ӣСڳһѼѪ鹽, ״С˵ӡѪѽ
һź˳ֹ
ӡЩԣϰЩ̫ܽܡ
Ȼ, ⼸ѪĲˣ⼸ѪЧĲȡ˳겻ɫʢһϹϺỲǰС, ЩȵԲѸ轡
ʹỲЩҲ̫ϲҲֻǲ̫ϲѪǰ, һڲ
Ỳû˵ʲôسš
ỲⲢûⶣĲѪˡ̧۾͵͵һỲɫԼµԼˡͷĬССڳԷ
Ỳ㿴ڶһֱͷ֪Ϲĥʲô
ȷϹĥ
ڷ˼ԼĴ֪Ỳʳ嵭򵥣ոһյʳӦ岻ðɣοԼѪҩҽԼǵǸǹҩѪζҩ˶Ѫѽ
ỲѪ֮£˾֪ȻҲõġ
͸֣ѪҽѪʱѪӦõ
ԼûỲЩѪʳ꣬Ȱɡ
һĥ
ϲԴн⣬˵Դн岻Ȱԣϲǣ˵Ƕ˶岻ò׼ԣ
ĺһ㶼ˡ
ӣżȹ̽棬ỲСȡ
Ỳ̧ۣ
ҳԺˡ ۽ǵһһԵ˳ꡣ
ỲⱾͲôˣ˳ʰ˶ȥ
˳һߣ̴λߵỲߣ̧֣˳ϡỲؿڣ͵Ҵˡٲ׼ӡϲԵĶˡ
ỲƳһִֻۣ࣬ǡšһ
ϸһỲɫŰŵø͸һ㣺ӡָƵĵط۲ѽȥҩӡﻹаɣɱ°ѽ
˵ţỲ֣ǰشš
Ỳ⡰һ´ʣֲʲôˮ
գһ˫޹һ˵ڹӡѽ
Ỳһ£һСʺɤӱĳѽǲǳƯСͻ
ۼлػȥҩУ°̺ۡỲͣһ£ƽһ䣺°̺Ҳͦãתʱ˵Щ
һ˸ܵҪ̫໳۾ڳЦأǵйһĨġ˵ӡֵѽ
𣿡ỲЦһקקĶ䣬չȥ˵´Ρ
´ʲô
ʱⲻѻ˵ͷԼȥ˼롣
һΣỲⲢûԸϿ̫ܸ߳С˵áȻԴļϣ˵ķˣӡҲǲǣ
¶
ỲⱻһġѪŻò㶼ˡ
ָز˲˵޷ġ
պ⻰ʲô˼
񴲶洰µĳ齱ˣȡ֮һľ޴
ǰӣԼµỲ⡣
ܹɽҹݻҹġúÿ𣿡ỲƵǰȥ´ϵΪһƵ¡
ֻߵģ޵Ķɫ
Ỳָ֣⣬ȻƽٽӵĴߵáߵ£Ŷ洿еˣ泩š
ⴿˣȴеỲỺصҲûӣʱޡʮ壬ҪŹʵȥ𹬣õʽ˹裬ۼ˸һ
ỲһӣСʺ˸Уһһӡģ
վڴ۾Ỳ⡣˺һĺһϸֱ״мķ϶߳첽ȥԼ۵һӣͷҲһţ߻
ﱾ˼̺£ӶҪһݡ۵Сӳ¡
ߣ˯
ỲȤζһУɺһˣſڣǹˡ
Ĭ˺ðΣŲ鲻Ըش̺쳤첲ŹϣȻ±Ỳ
ﵹǺӡ
ŲҪذڿ̫ͣࡢ̫ࡢ̫࣡
ỲĵϨˡ
Ǵ̵̺̫Ҳû뵽ܿ˯ˡ
Ỳڴߣһ̧״һȵϥϣе˯ŵתѩ׵С۴ӷ۵ı̽
Ỳⳤõϸߵա

峿Ỳ߳ݣߵ¥㾡ͷƿȴһЩ
ˣԺУԸ
Ỳ̧̧ۣԶ˳վһ˵˵û仰㳯߹ȥ
ڶ£Ѳ֮ǰհỲߣȻҲӲˡ
ỲⴹۣߵǰӻͳƱ顣ȲҪ֪˵ʲôŵͷֻһƱһƱǿӲظ
Ỳ⼫ٹעСճƳ۾ջĿ⣬תصݡ
Ѿ˯ˣڴУѩ̺ϣ
˯ͦ
ҡͷüͷе̫ˡ
¼ѩ̺ԹмһЩ
Ỳ߹ȥţȥشǷѿڶȱ𣿡
գգۣỲһ˫еã˯ɢȥ䴽Цŵͷ

³ţʮ壬иλɾҪ۰뾩ǰȥǵīoйԣиʮæµҪæʮԪѽڣҪ׼빬֮¡
˷뾩˵ٺʵ϶ǻʵȴϷӡ
ڶֻ࣬ƷϵλɲܸűȥйȻս»ûӰЩܰͬеǣ̡̻æңæҸ
ɵطԸʰʱտ糣ƽ
ָúܺáϴοҩʱͣˡտ˵
Ц˵̫ҽõҽ
ڴӰỲƳտһۡ
տϰ˻߿Ỳ⣬糣ʮ֮ȥ裬ǵطůЩ洦
ͷ˵Сʱϼĳǣ˵ļ紺Ǹõطû뵽ܹȥۼʱʱŵĺġ
տһʰҩϻһ˵ıδ˵˵ĸ׵ڹǸ
Ỳ˹شСǺȡ˿ǳԡ


64 
տʰö, ˡ
뿪¹ص̫ҽԺʰ˶, Ҳֱ˹ǵԵ̫ҽҡͷտ˼ȡ
ȥ, ȻҲҪȥԣҪ¼, ҽĲ˶꣬Ҳ뾡ȫڽնҽһЩƶ񡣳ȥҽݵ·, տ˳ȥ˸򵥵
һֱæҹտصªס
ʺ󣡻ʺ󣡻ʺ󣡡ɫĴ¹񶥶˷, С
տĿ͵ͷ, ιЩٽŽСƯСĳԱ, ų׺ƵļɤӽУʺ󣡻ʺӡӡСʺ󡭡
žҹļϸĹͣؽлš
, տ̾˿
ֻķɵ̫ҽԺǰ֣տ񵽡ʺ, ΪС裬ûüȥһһغӡӡӡ
, տֻĴ˻
տеķһ£תȥϴֻ¡ɵٴλʱ, ֻƯѾˡСԲϵѪһһִķ϶ڵϡ

ƥͨѩ׵ƯСͽƥѩСţԸҲʮ˳
֮ǰ°һֱûƥС㡣վҪ뾩ȥƬ˷ˣý㡣˵
ÿƯС۾ġߵС̫ǣСȥ٣һߡ
ʹ˵ĻҲܼǵã۾Ц
СĽ˿Ҳ·ȥɽȻ͸ֻСһֱûѧ
ǰ˵˶ޢ֮û뵽һֱҲûԽ㡣ƥѩԸ˳˷ȥй·;ңңһֱﶨȻˣͳů͵ʱڻŲѩҲܣްġ
ţǰԼڲѩϴůĳϲСʱųã
ٲҲŵøһЩޢޢٿЩڴԭϱܡ
ãĵӦš
ʧñҡ
Ҫ˵ʲôֻҪ磬ûϲʱֻҪһ绹ţﶼġ
ãмպҪæ
ף˵ȥ־úЦ֪ҪʲôϡŹֵС
׼һڹð첻㣬ֻҳǮ˵
Щ⣬Ц˵Ѿͷǻкü£
ͷ˵ǻкü£Ҹ׼ڿʼﱸ
ȥӣҡһҡֱۣò
ʲôøʲô˵һǡεҡҡͷ
ʵ֪ȻӦֻϲԸ
硣۾Цܻá
С˵ȥ˷ˣӦûƽƽİɣӦûܿɣ
ﵽǼһȥصĹȥʱţһҲûסĸ׶˵αڳسǵһ̣αое̤ʬ
ʱССĸ׵ĻСؿޣͣجΡ
ʹˣÿСʱҹجΣǻļ¡
ֻЩĲݿܣصġҪ˶þ˽ᡣȥٶȶȻȲϾӡ˵㵽˫oйûãҲϵ飬ϹȥˡСʱѳֻļȻһСǺеݸ
ָЩǡ
ǣ
ˣ˺Զ߬СǺУĵػص¹ƹĽŲӯ١
ֻǣỲһ̣ϵЦݲһʶؽСǺв
Ỳⲻյ
ƳԣĿڣˣ
Ҫίظ˿ڣǣúܡ
鲻Ը߹ȥ̵ƿСǺеĸӣóһ͹ȥιỲԡ
ԡ
ʱ˿̣뵽һ᲻úײǡ
ỲƳһ۷ױ̨ϵĺʾæ򿪣Ʊʱ̸ֻϲͶС̫ĸʳǮỲ⾹ǲŸһ̣
ܾԼƭǮġ
СʳǻʺȻǲȱǮġⲻȱǮָԼĳԴöȫȱҪһǮǮĿСȷеò
ǣݺģִǺȡһιỲ⡣
εǲС״ģʮĵʮФӣһʮǣ΢΢ذǺ
һûгأ˵ȥιỲ⡣
ỲƳⲻ鲻ԸĵԣƵؿڣˡ
ŵѾ̧֣ջԼҲԣǰǷŻȥСǺеĸӶˣʵʵġ
Ỳ⸩Ķ⣬չȥ˵Ҫлۼңιۼҳһǰա
ɻȥ
ԼỲⶨȻҪ⡣ɣԼòỵȥ
Ỳǣ֣İ
ʮԪڣʮ֣ϻϯ²磬ĴѾȼ̻
ڰҲԼͷ洫ģ̻
Ỳʱִơ
һƬỲӰ
˽ĽŲУȻڣվҪ̡պ󲻻·ˡ
Ỳû˵
˵ȥһҪȥԪ磬Ԫٻز󡣵ٴ¹
㣬Ҫء
ⰵܳƺЩ鷳Ͳϲ·ţỲ¹
ϹĥỲȻڣۼҽ£ﲻڲ󡣡
ŶһٿˣĬĬǰߡ
Լʶ쿪ʼҲֳֺڵİˡӦǻϲĲŶԡ̲ס·
߹ܶΣȴû
ϧһҹ۾ܿڵİֻջߣ۾ỲǣǰߣĬĬ˽һĽŲ
߳۾һӿԿˣỲ⣬üģȻһ顣
ϸʮ壬Ỳ˵һĻӲϳȥڶգỲߵȥ˵æҵΪỲ⽫ΪҪ׾ؾĴһȥ
ϣỲֽߣ׼ڲ
ʮ壬ѵֻɺ
ĥʲôأỲĶ⡣
ҪĶû©Ϲࡣ
Ỳ⡰ǡЦһȻš
ӿȥĸ첲ϹӡҪȥѽվˣ˭֪ӡǲҪھеøأ
ỲֺЦһֻɫǲ
Ỳ¥еһӡкܶӣỲóȻ䡣
磬Ỳڴӣǰûһݣŵһɼŵζ
Ĳʮּ򵥡һۿаڷŵķϣһܴĹڰ״ɹޡ
Ỳ⳯߹ȥָմһǽŽг˳⡣
ʲô·Ỳһˢӣˢ̽״ɹǽУ˹ؽ˽Ũɿڵǽˢз϶ˢˢëζ֭


65 뾩
ۼź, ǲҲȡۼһءۼһˣķЩ
Ỳˢ, ˢŨ֭һνһΣظν״ɹ֭ں͡
Լ
Ų֭ͣˢӡ
⡭öİ
һӵƱرûϢ˵ӡ̫ˣ
ỲЩؿ, ̶⺢ĻЦˡſһģر, ϵҧһ顣
һĨĳЦ, ˵˵ʲôЦأǮۼҵ, ġ
һ£߹ȥ, ·ȥˢӡ
, ճ֭ˢһȥԡʱһҪЩܳϴɾ
Ȼˡ
ȥԡʱ, Ѿû¶֭ˡ΢΢ζˮӳԼ΢˫գˡǰ, ĪỲ˹µרע顣
ԡͰӰȥպˮ
һ, ˮ䡣Ǻֱԡ˺һȵøˡ

ȥԪʱѾˡ
ϯλ
һ, СŸϹ
СĸôŹԱߵӣؾصãЦСĸԪûУ
ûءչȥ۵С
ףСüͷס֣ʹţʣСĸôѽ񡭡ʲôóԵ
һ˫Сֲţ˵ţСĸǲǣ
Ŀ
ϷӣǰĪָոǼỲⴹ۾ǵ
һ˵ԭŹǡѾԹˡ´θ϶ǳԡ
รصͷ˵á
ز⣬ѯʣ϶ûԪ
ҡͷ˵ûгҪСĸһ𣡡
ϺͶʮƵķۣЦۡԸʰȥԪҲ÷ʳֻһ롣װŸڶԪ
СӳԵ٣Ỳι˲ǣҲԲ̫ࡣ
һ룬㹻˳ˡ
۾ġۡһ˵˵ǳһѽ
ԣǳһ롣װһԪιϣϽСŵôģԪ̵þСüͷ
ԣ˭һȫ̽֡
˶ԪˡһҧǲСĸһֱֵ̧ιСĸһֱ̧˿ɲá
ǿŴŴԪҧţֲ˵ڶģ
ҲҧһԪոҧһСڣɫ֥æ⽫֥齬ճζڴݼ
Ʒſǻӿζ񣬲֪Ỳ֭ǲҲ
СĸСĸȥӡ
˼æӲקسʢһԪݸϣ˵βһˣҪԡ
ιԹһõڶ
һԪųԱˣٳԡҲֻͬţˡ
СšСĸôҲţԲģӣѾװһԪ쳤С첲ݸҪιԡ
СӲΡΡʮֵԪæС֣ǿŴŴԪˡ
ǣŮ߹Цӯӯ˵ԪǳԲˡ
æó½Ԫ
ģȻԵ¡ԪһͳԡЦ˵
ǵСʱ㾭ĺ׳պã˵ԪáСʱҲԹϲʱĺԪû̳ԣһڳԲ¡ǹӾƵ˸ǻĺףĳڶֽأ
Ѿ׶͹ĶոϳԵԪ¹׼ģĸ˶ţûо˵֡
ĺ׵ŮܹȥϵС֣תͷȥ˵
뵽£š
Ԫ翪ʼ֮ǰʵ˻ʵ岻ʣղʵ۲ⳡԪ練ˡ
Ԫ磬֡
Ӱ߳ϢؿĿϣһ߽ƣߵϡ
˹ȥеذҹɫﷺɭɭ⡣
˵ߵϣɸպܿһϡһҪȥ
ȻһӰӱһ
ֻüһݵӰӰһԾ𣬽ϱ
һһ߹ȥߵڵأذ׵ˡҪȥذȴֲڽŵס
δ˵Ŀ⣬룬Χס
µش˺ôһ
ҲһӰݻӹϣڻС򣬰ο
ϱüǿֻһĴܿͻعСЦ˵Сĸ϶û
ҲһЦݣȻſѺŵ
ɫҰܣ֮£ͬھĴ㡣ԴûЦԨĻʹΨһϣˣŸҲûʲôֱЩ깬ûһӻƽƽꡣ
ֱ׳Ϊߵɱ۶˭ҪˣҪϵȻҲ᳢ʹ࣡
ܲµ뷨ڣûֶڰж࿪ģ
˵꣬ƿߣȥɴá
ߵʱңңӰеһθɻĲߵأ
۾ʣСĸ𣿡
ᡣָָҹĻ϶̻ʼˡ
˳ȥȻҹĻͷ׵̻ÿˡ
ۣգ۾ҹĻ
Żϣ۵С֡
㣬ƴҲҪ϶һúչ
СǸ˸ѡΣԶߣʱ̶ܵġ
ͷϵͷСϴźŵ㡣
רĹۿ̻תͷ۾չȥּҴҵתͷȥ̻
ʹҹĻ貵̻𣬹ޱȡ
ȴһְ밵ڡ
ĵ°ֲָڡ°ʮֿտֻĵطڷһŹľ
ʱỲ˯ڹľУϢ
ʺ֡

Ż¹ߵļ飬ʲô
ǶԴƼˣʡ
ȥƫһҡ˵ţСܽƫϸҡǶԴûƼ鵹ڼϿ̳Ӿơ
Ӿͱֻ̳һ㣬տϸ顣̳һֱ䡣

飬ɡѰˣ洫µ
áӦһĿ⸴ӵһ۹ӾƵĿ̳תܳȥʰ

Ỳʱվڻʵ۵ԡ
߹ȥỲ⶯Ȼǰһ̧Сۣ̤ߡվûסٴʣӡȥĶ
ߵĻʵ䡣
ﲻǾۼҸòѪۼȥЩỲƵ˵꣬ɨһۻʵۡ
з磬Ỳһ̺ϸϥϣȻִӱ̺˵ϥϡ
̧֣ӹ澵¯ŽУĴֱָḧ
ʵ۽Ƴţ硣
ĴỲ⣬֪ǲǴɫõò񻰡


66 컨
, гûãʵ۾˵Լ顣
л¶䡣ϥ񣬳ĵл
ͼ޻ʵ, ǻص¶ֻҪһʵ۾ͷġ·;ңңһֱʵͬ, ǿ
Լһ͸, һˣȾЦɡʶҪڻϲ˫ֽǰ, ָ˲ֱϲỲĴָĴ
, ûбҪڻϲ
ߣȥʵӰ, ˿ڿˮ֮ԱЩ, ҪʲôŮ˶ܵõ⻹ͷһԲŮˡƫƫŮˣĻʺ󰡣˳Ļʺ󰡣
ʵ۲ڣӻʺСľګȤ, Ỳ.̡
ʵ̾˿Ļʺ󰡣
ٵλЦӯӯص, һһ¡Żʵ¡ǹг͵òĵûʵϲ, ɻʵǰƮٿλˣԽԽѿ
˷, ûоߡʵʵ᲻ãϽûܸȥȫٵԪСС졣
ʵ̾˿
ôˣǲǱʣˣ
¿鲻ãԸΪ·ǡ
ԸƵĻʺò˵˻ڹвܴߡʵﲻ찡ȵйҪѡ㣬˲У

ϲ·ȷǼͦʹ顣ʮڳڣҲһһġʹ˺ЩĵӣҲò
˲ѩ
˳úܣ񱾹ûҲҪƿһǣ棬밢ֺͰ˵
Ц˵ġūƹС϶˳ϣӶ˹˹ĵģͷȻȵ
ˡ
ݿЦ˵ͷһٸģūǣŲѩ׼һʧ
ݰ˵Ҳ죬Ƶġ෴ճĬԡ
ԥһ£ָָ֣Ҫǣ
ֵĴӦøȵסѩɡ
ỲⳤָƳŲԶ
վһƥͨѩ׵СԱߣһַųµСۣһȹǣԾԾԵزСϣǰԥԥǲȥ
СְСӡһСӷڰĲȽŵϣٽһСӷڵϣªذ˸ݡЦ˵عˡĲȥ
еò죬ҲǰߵġһЩɵѾǰȥˣԭأȡżƿǰС
ΪԼһʱˡ
ѩ˳˵ȵǵǻѽ
鿴¶ӣЦ˵Ȼ׼һҪ硣Щ
Ҫ˳˵÷Լĳ֡
ɻȥײỲ⡣
Ỳѩë˵
ͣǰߡһС˵ȻȹʵڲʺϿϡ

ǰ̼両ԼӵϻʵʵһյĿЦӡɻƳỲһۣĿ֮£ƿߣԸỲ̫Ŀ⽻
ͣʵڲ̫ãֻӲͷƤִỲСϣݵȥڲϡ
ò˵ǡȥһȷȿҪ򵥡ֻǸһȥŵӶˡ
ǰһ㣬Ļȥһ㣬ȥ
Ϊʲô˵ȵµĲѩڶỲ֮һѿڶӡǣ
Ỳ̧ۣ̲Ƴ
Ǳƺ˵ۼǣҲ١
ʵﵢ̫ˣǰʵ۵ĳ𽶼Ҫˡһüѹٺһ䣺Ỳ⣡
ֺͰݵͷװû
Ỳ̧̧ۣŴӰ֣Ϊǣ
ǰˣѩܿġ
մѩɫĶԽźı߶βɫȹɫȹѩ׵죬ȹ
۾ǰľɫкɫδȾɽ·ߵĻѩȴѿʼڡ
棬ʹɴҲ⡣ϸϸ档ʱĽȥ
͵͵ỲһۣѸջߡ
Ҫǣôİָġ
ɡỲӡ
ţỲȻڣʮղͬ齣ۼң
˵󣬿ǶʱıȥСܣǣӡ˵ʲôʲô
һỲƵؿڣŴ󲿶Ӹֲ㡣Ļۼҵȥ衣
ȵỲ⣬˵ʲôǻʺ󣬴˷Уʵ۲ŹһЩҪľйԱҲһȥûʺҪôһ뿪
ӡ˵Цˡ˵
ỲףƮƮһۣɴϡ
￩һи󵨵Ĳ²⡣ȥй޲ɴѵỲҪҸŮ˼ٰʺʵ۲
⡭
󵨰ɣỲ⣬Ŀ̽ȻỲûٶ˵ûбݣ޷֪̽뷨
ѩߵúҵ˹ȥ볯ĳС
ķ΢Щӭ洵ϵɴطգһࡣ
͹Ͷ˹һϡ
˹´˵û뵽ӡȻʺǣ⡭ӡ⸨ϵµ˼
ԴĦ͹һڲ裬ҲۡòԾӡҪΪʺǣΪ򳯳ʾҪϵ£
е㡭ڡ
ôӡ˾پΪʲô
͹û˼Ҳ롣ᱳʹ͹ԸڻǣҲȥˡţСʵˣ׼ʺźҲȥ
˶ڴĦỲ˾٣뵽ϣ뵽ǹкĳ
͹ĵ֪ܵϣ˵СۣĿԽȺڲѩϵĻʺ
˵ʺòͶԻʺʮֺ档޹˱Ƚ㻹ÿԶĻʺɴ棬ȴҲڲˡ֪Īü˵ġġ
֪̽ȥһ紵ɴ
֪
紵ɫȹ粨˵ϣ֮һ
ɳۣ֪գ۶ˡ
ᱡɴƮȥ֪С
ͷܶӰðΣ֪ƣˮɫɴ
ԥδɴһϸݵڻ¿ǰЦϸɤڣͷСԸʺﻹȥ
˵ţݳ֪֡
ֻ֪ýɴݻȥĿġ

е·ϣЩϲѣ㣬
ԡȥһյķ볾޺¡̫ƤϣŻӿ¡
˺Щ飬Ϊ·Ͻơ
ҹˡ
Ỳ֪߽УȻ
ºʰǶһۣ˳ȥ
ڶʲô飿ỲȥȻؽС˶˻
㵵̧ͷŷֳºʰѲڡ˿ҲѣԵЩ˵ӢǡĹ¡
ỲʵпţʣĶˣ
ϲҧһ֦衣ỲţõĻ档
ỲҲһ¡
ϳǻšһƵ˵죬Ҳ֪⻨ҧš
ðΣ飬߷ϡ


67 
ʮ¡
ỲϡỲɫ, ûʲô顣Ƶطҳҵ˵ҳ, ɨһۣЩʧ˵Ŷԭ졣
߷ߵڹ, ỲĺСӰˡ
ôΨĹ£
Ỳ֣黹
ͲˡдΪùӡˢ, бʣ±ǡ, һһ룬ײùϹĥͱ, дҧŻ衣ǹǸʲôģ¥ʲôطǹﶮ淨Ȼࡣ, ʹڼݣ, Ҳزסġʱׯ裬ţҪ, ҧŵĻҲҪ߻㶫ҧһҧ
Ỳؿ, Ƥбš
ʱһխ¹촦¶ֻһָ¡ҲɫĶϣǰѩ׵ۡ
ɫǳ, ɾ͸߹ĸ߲ò
ɣƫƫڻ뻰
ϺϵĴǽ, жá
Ỳһ˲䣬Ծһ˿Ц˵뽿ԲЩմȥ¥תת㶮ˡ
ȥ¥תת
ĽŲȥỲ⣺Щ߰ɣڱˡ
˷УڶࡣܣܶɶͬסһʡԼסļŮҪЪڡܲñܳȥĹŮͷվһҹ˲첻˵Ҳ᲻á
ƣûƶǱỲ⽫ִһ˻ϡ
΢ûԲţˡ
Ỳͷ˵ʮղͬ齣Ϊۼˡ
ỲƣקקĶƵۼϴκ׽ʲôʱţ
˵̼֭оԼӶζỲϵСӽ˽
ţỲЦһ
һ˵ӡԼɡҹļŮ޴ȥ̫ˡҡӡĽŲ𣿡
ỲƳβһĨЦ
۾ʱ򣬹ԹԵġ
̧۾ʱ򣬶ׯġ
βʱβĻһѹӡ
Ỳû˵̧֣ĴָָԼ´Ƶһ顣
ǣϥǰŲŲչȥȥֻǽĴ΢ĴǣҲŴŴ˵ʮղͬ׽ӡ뱾˰ɣ
ỲЦһտ˿ҪڿЦڱס
һûһק֣ƵĶıϣֽĳһƣһȦһȦָϡ
Щˮºʰվ棬Ц˵ôվѽȡ˺Щˮأ
ȣǳ͸˵ţס󣬸ʹ˸ɫ
Ųһ٣˹Ц˵ŶԽԽůͣУһձһůЩӦءӡ
ء˳˵ʰǶ˸ԡ
Ҳٽڣϵ£ҹķ紵ϡһůҲ֪˿ʱǲǿʼȻʮܰɣ˴ûͬУȻһֱûм
һ뵽ϵָһһۡ˿Ƶġ޲ָ
µ˵Ƥ뿪Ỳ⣬Ųŵһ࣬ȥСľϵ裬ССһڡ
߰ɡ͵ģﺬŵ⡣
Ỳָ˳ĳƵһ·»ָĥķҡ˵յҪĳˮ·˺¡ʱᰲŮٰ
ԭʱ˵ĻģҪ뿪󲿶ӣȥ裿
ۣԥš
ỲԥĻᡣĬ˺һ˵ӡҪ򱾹֤϶İȫ
ּһ䣺б߹˵İΣ
Ỳ̧̧ۣСָ
Ỳ̽СָһɵСָ๴

¡
վ˵ĳ¡ʰǺͲ飬ƿ߽ȥؿƤ̺ϣǱڶ
ỲѲҲ֪ʲôʱ뿪뿪ġ

ֹգ͵
²̫ƽذյӶ̫ù֮£㸻һЩعԱӼݹӭ
ʰЦ˵һֱڸ·иֲ㡣ǿԺúЪһ¡йء
һԽӻӦҲЪ˶ãҲհɡǾҪˮ·ˡ˴ϣܱʲôʶˡ˵ģϴܻ᷽
ĬĬǼ˵øỲⵥ뿪δǳ˴Ҳ½··Ҳûˣֱӽ¶
⡭¶ʱֻԼӡ뿪һ澶
ͷ˵ӡ˼
Ķˡôĵ°С벻ˣ¶ҪźšʵûţԲ˯á
Ѿͣ»ججظȥﻹǻǵģǶµĵǡ
һСйط󣬿ɵйҵ˶ݼסáͬеľӺ͹Ա˾ӪһЩݺͿջС
عԱڻʵ֮ǰͿʼﱸʥݵ٣һжѰŵʮ׵
ȴһǰйذգվţ·ңңŴӾĳӣհʥݣ쳤˲ȥһɴĹ
ʵ۱һջߣվǰ߲ԶĻʵۡʵ۹죬ߵСӷšһ·ƣҲҹҹٲͬɵź
عԱ˵Źӭ֮ʣʵ˼Եüͷ˰֣˵۳Ϳ࣬찲Žס
ʵ˵ˣȻûеĵйڻ·ֱΪ·ȥźõס
Ȼһ磬ӭ
ỲӶüƫһ࣬յַڴǰ˼
һ˲ڿֵİ˶Ỳ⣬Ỳԣ¶ϲɫ˿һЩԶȺʱɿܻȥš
дϢģǴа߻ħտѪɱ֮¿У

סµĵطԺԺ䣬ȴɾúܡԺҲŴļֲԺ俴Ȼ
²չ꣬ڲ̫ԡȻõСԺ䵽˴֮ʱ֮ء
йʱǰյס¡ҪúԡһϴȥһƣȴǰС̫棬һнӴ硣
Ҳǣϵŵʱԡֻȥ磬ԡЪ¡
Ź߳ԺԶԶһĸ˴Ҳ֮ȥˡһ䣬⸾ǸոսӼݵĿطˡ
طŵһŰ£µţһź£ȡֻԶԶһƳҲɼ׵òÿúܡ
ʵ۰ˣߵصĹԱҪ뷨ˡ
ֻϧ
֮أֻʵ۲ڡƽʢС˵²ĽӴ粻ˡ
򸣽𰲡֮˶ʰ
λȥ󣬲ŵһƽ
ڣһһ׵ϡ¹š¹ȴεε̧ͷֵ͵Ỳ⡣
Ȼ
ﲻ͸ʵ۵ģ


68 
ǰ, ỲҲǸյ
Ǹԭǻʵλţӵ࣬ỲڿӵҲࡣ
¹Ŀջ, ۽ǵһỲ⡣ۣ޳ָŸСɵĴƱĵתš
صĹԱ˵ſ׻, Ůʳûãؿվ, ЦſڣСطһ赸գСŮΪӡ, ʵ¡
˵⻰ʱ⡱ҧüء
¹ϯ, ߵΧ롣ʱʼ衣
ۿ, û֧赸ʲôر֮¹˳ƯҲϸ, ˵ȷʮֶˡ֧赸ãȴʮѰ, ûʲôرĵط֧, ûʱĿ
ţĵӺȻӿ졣ĺ¹̧˫ۣתתٶԽԽ, ԽԽ죬ԽԽ졭
˵, 𽥱һ使޵ĻƵĺ¹ȥĿ⡣
裬ۿź¹ĿˣĪá֧赸֮ƺҪ¶
Ȼ뵽Ҫ͸ỲġһΣ͵͵أ۽ǵƳỲ⡣
Ỳϯ֮ϵһҲڹ֧赸ֻǣɫʼûʲô飬˲²̬ȡ
ĵӿ쵽ʱĺ˺ȻɾͣҲ֪ʲôСֶΣϲĺɫ£̼ȥӢ㽥ڵϡ
һ¹ϸϣӨӨ̰׵Ĺˡƿӡϣϸķٽֿϸ˫أƹϸĲӣھ
֧ȷǵ֮衣صĹԱİɽϯ֮ϴӾǹĹԱǣһĻ˿
ӳ㺹죬ʹٽţԾɰڳĵЦݣ׵Ǹ˵ˡ
СסڿؼУǼµıΪ˽յ裬ؿأ̷ȴŮŮ֡ܶɼѡġĸǽ˵ˣȻɫ˵³ѡλߵˣʲôأûдġʹˡֻҪܸٻ㹻ˡ
һĻ
⡭
ȵỲѧ֧軹ˡ
ϯЩʧ̬ĳʶǵعԱ͸ỲͷջĿ⣬ٶ࿴
ƫƫỲûʲôӦ
Щ˺棬͵͵ȥỲɫĵȷȷźӳģֻỲĿĿڴӳֺûڿ
ӳʹɫ
ӳ֪֮٣ȻУˣڽŵףⱲҲûʲôԺˡŤϸỲ߹ȥ
ӳ߽ԽԽš
໲֮˾֪һۿỲʱ򣬺ӳȲѣȫȻû뵽ѵ˾ӡ̫ģ
ԼǺӳỲɫﾹĪĿ־ȵߵỲǰỲõĿϡ
ֻһѣӳһֱӵڵءʶỲողûڿ
ỲЦһ޳ָŪĴƱ¡ѰĶƱҲ󣬿ϸ΢ǻڲ֮ϣ֮һ
˹ѩӣ˲ŪƱָڣķ
ؿﰵһãæϯСǷ׵
ỲûĻƵؾ˵¡˷סĿ
ڣֻ
أû۽ǵ͵͵Ỳ⣬ǲò˵Ỳһ˵Щӣʵһ
಻֮ͬ٣ֻ־Щ˵һֵֹġһʱûĥﲻԾ
صĺӳӲѣȴպˣỲ˵ѣԼΪ۵뷨
Ỳ⽫ֵѩӷ£ŽĿڹصĵؿϡȻЦһɫ׽οһĨ
Ů˸ۼһˣ⹷ʲôģ
亹ŴŵڹͰ͵ؽͣ˵ӡȢޡССšššš
ͷͷ
ỲӺαЦţֻɫȥôţǵۼɱ棬Ⱥܲۼҷ
£صйԱϯȥ
ڴӾĳӣϯϣȴٸҶꡣаħĶɱ
ӣȥʢӡԲֻ˺ü£ŽһԲԲװ
ײŵϯ֮ϣ쳣
ʢӣ̽СؽӷŽгˡתͷһſỲ⣬˵ζӡҲ
ỲĿҲ˹ſӣĿ
Ĺ𽥵ȥָƽٶȻڣۼҲϲŮˣĪҪţۼҵۡ
ȻỲʢһӳۣζȷ
ףһ䡰Ǽϯ
ϯ֮ϵ˽˿
ʧǵڵصĺӳ˸˿·ҲѰ˸ϯˡ
صԺѯʣˮɶˣ
ǰݸ衣
澻ûػỲһȥȪء
ƹ磬Ỳ⣬ڴ£һ֧Ĳҡšǰķϣһľӡ
ʣӡôˣ
͸Ỳָָǰϵľӣ򿪿Ƿϲ
߹ȥؽľӴ򿪡һۣĿӫ֮ɫһ£ŷӦװĶڸոǸ¹ϴ£
ɿؽľӵĸӸϣỲһۣݺݵ˵룡
Ỳվ˵ȪػʰԼĪ֮Ϳˡһ˳ȥ
Ƴһװľӣ˵ԡ֮󣬴ϸۼҿ
ҧ۵ĽҧһӡӡװͰ͵صӡǲϲŮˣ
Ỳ⸩ŷյĶߣĶۼǲϲŮˡӶﱻ˺ӡô찡ޢޢ
֣ҧҧĶ䡣
ģҲ˵Ĺоŵһ㿪ĿҲƿ
֪ϯ֮ϵỲﲻԾˡʲôһʲô಻ۣͬٵģͨͨǼٵġ
ûỲ޳ܵĺɫ֮ͽ
ʲôأỲƳ
תỲ⡣˫ỲļϣŽģȪغòãӡޢޢһϴ𣿡
֪ỲǰԶļɻ䣬Ȼͬԡ
ϲ
ỲЦЦָĥգۼϲԡ
ϵ޽Ľ
ò̫һ
ΣɿỲ⣬ԹƵغһתȥȪȥỲĵˡ

ȪطȪˮˮơ÷ĳܣðɴľڣְֻһƸһľ齣Ъ
ʱỲľϣһ߱ĿһȪŪϸ΢ˮ
̫ûжůΪ˯ˡԣӳˮ߳ʱ򣬷˽ŲҲˮĵδСһЩýỲⳳѡ
ỲЪϢľ齾ڳرߡ
ȪʯףһߵỲǰͷʱỲȻ۾
һ˲䱳תȻʪģתĶ죬˻
Ỳϡ
һŵܿ
ΣỲԼ졣


69 ༲
ȪزԶһľݡֻľΧ, һԵĳʣһżСԲ˹˻ºͶϢ֮ء
ͷϥڳһǣϹһ޽޽Ķʱ, æӼˣһδȥϵˮգ޽ӹʪˮսѩ׵޽ʪࡣʪҵɢ, ˮ
һϥڽЩʱˡ
СľֻΧ, ûڵȪˮƽխ, һ㲻䣬Щȡ
ỲŽ
ϥָ˲, ǿŲ̧ͷֻöȥΪԼỲ⽫ʲôʶСԲϣȻڳʵһˡ
۽, ֻܿһỲ°һǡ
ðΣỲҲûʲô̲ס͵͵ȥһ, ȵؿڳѡֻҴƳһۣµͷȥ
ǡڳѰɣ
ٴ̧ͷȥ
ǵģỲһѽ˹سš޳׵ָŽϵԲ, ϸƤ˺ٽӨСζ֭Ũ, ϵѽϵɫȾѩ׵ָˡ
ĬĬỲѳ˺һϵϵ£, Ỳӹȥ̯ڳϵ°ڡ
ỲƳһۣ, ʣҲҪԣ
ڳһ˫СŲ£ʣ۲ۣ
ʱȻææطһѣûȫʵǡҲ˸ʵҲ֪ûаỲıѹ᣿
ͦѹ˹ˣúɣԺһỲӵģ
ֻʣһ齴ɫƤ͸ϡỲ˺ƤĶ˶٣һƤѷŽгˣ˵ûѹӣۼˡ
Ỳһζһѵ
գ۾
졢ϣ
ѩϥϣͷתһȥˡ
ỲƳʱֻܿʪĺס
ỲһѣưƤһʱ򣬶ͣȻͷؽӽ״Թһ䣺һҲ𡣡
ỲӲָȾӡӡ֭µӡӱͼѲοϴŵӻǸģȻ½ĿϣȻȥָ޽һ㽫Ⱦʪ޽
һ̧ͷ
Ỳⴹۣóʪ޽һǣŪָˡ
죬˵ʲôȴְͽϣϥϣ˫ۻϥԼ
Ỳֲָ˵Ⱦӡȥ٣Щ΢ǳۼٲȥɿֱ̽˫ϥ׽˱
Ͻһ޽ʱ򣬻ء
Ỳ⣡͵͵ģȴװͰ͵ĺɫľ档ΪỲĵĻ뻰ȴƮƮ̾һĿǰûп˵˾䣺ܵðϵˮɡ
ŽߵỲ⣬ȻЩӦ
ڴ䣬ỲѾһ޽ϲˮۡȻתһ׹õ·͹
ҴƳһۣԼɿ·
ˣỲҲִ£Լ·ãͷҲתСߣʱûỲ⡣ʱЩỲ⣬̲סգҲ̲סһɲӴо
ỲⲢû
һܵȪſڣͣ½ŲʹתỲ⡣
ͷվˮǰϸϴָϲӡӡ
Ȫҵɴɴǲȣֻ뿪
ãվˮỲ⣬ͻͻ£Ī뵽塢ȣįĴʻ㡣ỲĴʻ㡣
Ỳתͷ
Ŀԣ˲ƿĿ⣬תСĶӡ

ա
ʵڴϡϴźܺѣǾú䣬̫ҽոڵȴ𸴡
ȵʱʵ̫ˡ
ʵۿʼͷʶԼʲô⡣ʣܲȺ̫ҽʲôã
̫ҽ̸ʵС۹˽ֻۣǡֻǡ
ˡ̫ҽȥսľʵ顣
ݡȾ˻֮
Ȼ
ʵ˫ĿȻͲµˣ̫ҽ˵ǿԭһ˿ϣĳȥ
ˣ޾ĸˣһϵƿƿ޹޾ϣһ졣
ڼẓ́æҲȥס
̫ҽͷ˵Ȼ˭༲Ⱦ˱¡ű˾֪֮У֮࣬Ⱦ༲ǳ¡
޿ҩҩʵߵس̫ҽļͷ߹ȥ
ǡ̫ҽæ˵ֻǻ֢ڣֻҪʱҩȻܹȬֻǡֻǡֻΪ尲ڽʱӦơòҪɡ
ʲôʵüëһŮˣʲô
̫ҽòӲͷƤȰ軹Ҫ£۳µΪ룬һ·Ӧúúõ塣
һ·϶ˣ˫oйˣʵʡ
ʵ̫ҽҲ̫ȷй֮ǰܷ񽫱µĻ֢κãֻǿ˵࡭
һλ̫ҽҲŵӿȰ֢䲻ɴȾԼǿ¼ҌmɣҲὫ˼mɡŮϸ̡
ʵһ뵽еİƯϸ̡˻᲻á
ʵ̾˿
λ̫ҽܿȥûڻżõҩʵͷһԺˣȻ˻֣ǲˡΪ䣬˸¡
Ȼݱˡûеʵ֮ǰӡʥϴͻ飬ϲݱǿƵԸݱҲʱݱϰ׼檡̲סȥ͵㣬ݱˣ㱻˸ôֵĹˣȫáôľ
ʵܶûʵ֮ǰ顣ͷӵĹ˯ˡ

ʵ۱Ⱦ˻֢̼֮䴫ỲС
λ̫ҽ룬ʵ۵ĻƣȾ༲ǳ顣ỲⰲɽǵȵòͷˣԼȾϣһѡ
ỲһСβͣͷ¡ĿˮСƴĿЦģ
ԸȾ飬ĵݸ
ǡ˳תȥ졣
ỲⶢСһֱײ͸ˣ֣صˮСѾˣڻصǰǰˮУȻСѾоˡСˮת¶׶Ƥ
ỲӲСˮʱָϵˮΡ
еȾ༲Ǻڳڷֵģ༲෱࣬ɽʵ۵һ༲ǲ֢֮
Ỳû͵ȵ༲ȡʵ۵
ɲɱġ
ҪѻʵȾ༲鴫ȥֻҪϢݸ㹻ûʲôܿԱءܿ죬ʵȾ༲ͻں󹬴ڳô´˾֪
Ҫʵ۵
Ⱦ༲ĻʵۣʵñĵĿ̸ۻʵۣỲÿ
ûվҪ뿪طպмϵˡⲻ
Ỳƿţ߳ȥ
Ժǽ֮䣬һӡӻ̽ѩ׵Ļ
ỲԶԶСܣȹЩˡ
СӶܲ
Ỳժѩ׵ӻ
ͣ£ͷ˵
Խ˾䣺ɵ
ףȻỲỲ̧֣ѩӻббޡ


70 ˽
Ỳ, Ѹٻܣ˿һĻ
СйطʵСܶmɶһסΪֻǶס, Ҫ̣Ҳôעعأ˶ӡ
գգ, ˵ɵǲҪСĸ˵ѽ˵϶Լȥ棡
˵, һ˫Сȷɿܿˡ
æ϶ȥ
ͤȥͤһܣһָָԶɽϵСͤӡ
ովͺСͤ˵, ߵĹ澻Сͤ
ԶıӰ۽ǵɨỲһ, ԼǵϵΣɿ콫Ŀջ
һ, ŬǣıײĲѰ, óıѯʣӡҪȥ
ǡȻﲻϲ¡ۼ˵һ־Ө͸ɴ£ȥ򼸼档
, ûѹ͡һͳߣ˵Ļ˻
ɿصһ, ջĿ⣬ĿǰǶׯģ
ỲƷζׯӡ
ȴﱧԹ̫ô, ߸ʲôǱй˾Ҳ֪ûУ᲻ᷢʲô
վһ, Ķԯޡ
ԶСͤȻһ󾪺
һ̧ͷ㿴ϲ֪ôͤԵļɽϽŵ״򻬣ˤȥ
ʹôԶʶȹŵسǱܹȥ
һӰһԾȽϱס˫أϷ
Զ˿Ծɿ첽߹ȥûߵ㻽š϶
϶ôˤģûп²£ϵС֣ϸš
Ƕȵ⣬ϵʱСֻ˿֦
Сĸû¡ûˤš£ȴǹԹԵسڳЦ
ϵһ˫Сֲûпˣ˿
СͤϵŮæԼûϡ
ظԼĹ飺϶ãǵ¡
Һû˵ǳһϴպע⡣ǣһʺʴȣﰵ¶պҪտϵ¡
ſովϵӡ
ٷ磬һлһͲڻ»ΪǳǳҲй˶ӣ֪˭
ѵʱ֪һֱ
ԭʺﲻ˳ݳҲ
ǹŴһĴţŮ˵ʱĶɣ֪롣
ʱ֪˲عֱ۾ȻҽԼְ֡»ʺٽͣĽ͹ĸЩõĶ
ףǳǳЦſޣСֺܺãնл´¡
֪뿪ڣỲȴһڡ
ֵȷھʩչʵϧˡỲȥ˷˰աھ̡
֪Ỳ⡣ϲ⡣ȥȻԸȴ̫ỲȻȥϣɻʣڣ
ǡھȥ׷֮ۼǰʧỲޱ飬·꣬ٵزתָϵĺ䡣
ֿ֪һۣת첽ȥҪЩϢ߸ס
ĥһỲ⣬̧۾ỲʱֻüתߵıӰ

һƵİСҵĽŲӣ໥ŻŲ·ȻСǸͬ
ֵܣһȣܵȱһֻۡɳµĳˡֲ£ദŲȻƽʱƶ񤡣
磬ҵļ򷭹ǽȥܵ˵
ȱһȣܲ졣ܸˣܣ
磬ҾԲ㲻ܣ
ֵСܺãֶһսƴǼ껥ౣ빲ֵԽԽֵʱ򣬶ԸԼֻһ˻ϣԼһ
һǧһʮ壬һǧһʮỲ˵ıţ߽С
ֵ̧ͷСڵˡ˺ޱ߲ʵò
ֵܶգƽΪƣӲ˽񣬾㣡ҪϾɱ
ΪƣӲ˽񡣡ỲЦһһĨƵò̼ǵˣŬһ°ա
ֵܶһʵͽӣȻ֪Ỳ˵ʲôʹػ䣬ʲôҲ벻ڴﰲֵַعƶӣʲôʱˣǰ߹ˣܵģ
Ȼ飺ʲôȡһǣҵܵһ
ỲЦͳЦģů}˵ĺ
ֵۼҲԼֳ
ֵ˸˿δüϲã̷ͫŴص¡
Ỳ˻֣ѻȺӹǽ˷Ƶظƴʳֵ˵ʬ塣
ỲޱĿһĻ
Ỳֵܽúܶ࣬׵ֳֻһֳʧȥ˫ȣĥԶЦ
Ѫɺӵıϵǰץսذף̽Լš
ЩȦЦţȺ˵
ֻɱԼ׵ˣܳȥǳ˵಻࣬ɱһУ
ײײѪ߳ȥŨѪʪ͸Ŀܡ
ѻˡ
ỲⱯƳĺȾѪ£Цˡ
һǧ߰ʮˣһҲӲ
ûüȥȡ˵˱ˡֻȥȡҪһ
ûнЩߵ壬Ĵȱ
Ỳ⻺뿪Сһһ֣߽˽УСĽͯ֡
Ỳ˴Ǻ«һ߳ţһ߽һҳµꡣ
̧ۿỲ⣬񣬾谵ĵɲʱҫæӭȥҪʲô
ɴ¡ỲҧǺ«
һϷ죬̶ʧݵɾȻѾɼˡֺ룬ķ˴ɴһǳÿ֪⹫ʱ˵ĕi

˵֮ҪỲ뿪󲿶ӣĲѣʰһһҹδߣҡ
ţǸҲšĶ
ǲǸҪҪٴӣʰʡ
˵ﰲ˯šҲ١
Ȼ峿߽ʱѾڴϣỲˡ
һֱӵڵء
ҩûһϴ·û´ûɫסӣûǺ֪ȥǶ𣿡𣿡

û˯ʱͱỲߣʲôҲû
һͨĿջͷڴߡỲһַۣɿͷȥ
ѲµɴӦǱɴӡ洩ϣ֪ͨ͸֮ȣûҲûʲô
Ỳ±ʣ£˻
ۼҵĻɽˣ
ܵɨһۣȴס
ϵ˵ȷɲʱڴߵģеڳϷͼƣĿ
ʱգԾỲ޳оԽԽҡڽõĻһ˵Ỳ⣬޳ܡ
Ỳȴʮ⣬ָ
޲ҧظ޳ܣ
Ỳ
ȫ˵Ŀ᲻ˡ
ỲչȥñǼЩȥպա
ɫȥ
޳ɷۼǸ˵ʵ


71 
θϵĲ丧, ²͸Ỳתϱãȴеؾ쵽ϸ΢ͬѰ鵲ǰַҲ, Ỳš
۾һ˳ģỲ⻳
Ỳɫ, Ĭ
Ỳˣʹһζ, Ҳ᷸ëͷСӵĵͼޱԼġøܵԼÿһת䡣
˭˽Լ
ȥһֱ縺˵Ѫծƫƫ׸˵Ű, ᣬ볣˴ྶͥԼǵЩѪծ, ȴŤķʽɡ
ӲΪ˻֮;˳ЩӶѡаʲôԡӲΪˣѰʲôͬԶ, ʹȱһ飬ʹ˶˻֮, Ӳ۹⣬ԶͦΣз
Ů֮鰮Ӳļƻ, ֻɱ˳ɲǼڳһ˿ʹ졣
Ỳ˼
ۣ΢˶, תؿţ˱ۻ
ӵ
Ȼ̧ͷ, 𽥴սС
ȣ۾Ц
, ɫûиӦﵽǾģ鳤۽޲˲۾
Ỳ۽޼
ﴧĦµʲôˣǾԾ˰ա
ÿζǾĲ䣬óɵỲʱжԣʲôԹԵϡ
Ϊ
Ҳֻˡ
Ỳƣؾ߬½С֡߬½ĶСġ೤˫΢룬СҲؾأĵط
ǣҲñġ
Ϊȫӡ
Ỳ̫Įľִӿʼһ㽩
ỲͷʼӦ
ȻԸܵС˶շ𽥻
ỲЦЦϴڸм͵ɴ½ظ󣬴ЩŪζ
Ỳʼñӵķȥһ˿ոı뺶ǼõڷʽԶ֪

Ỳ׼Ĵֲ¡
ҺɫĴֲ£һ㶼ɿشϡҲֻ˸Ѱĸ٣һľԺһ
δ·šüžӡҪỲⵥȥ裬ҪݣǰͨӦøЩ
˵Լ
תỲ⣺ʲôʱ
Ỳ´ò̫ڣҪٴ뿪ʱ£·̫ˡ
ỲⷢҺɫĴֲ²毺ݣųɵĵø£һ
ۼôȸ빬ʱֱúÿࣿ
ˣĸ˵ҵòҪġȻһ˼⣬¾빬ʱҲûѽҲ¶һ㡣
ںڰ׷ۿתתתһ˿ЦյỲǰ۾˵òδӡϲˣԲžñԽԽÿ
ỲҪɡ
Ỳ⽫ǰƿһЩƹߣһһ˵ʱߣסաۼҳȥһˣڿջﰲš
طСﻹżϵˡỲὫʣµļ˽ˣٴ̡
ỲıӰɻʣӡȥ𣿡
ỲѾߵſڣתʣȻ
ӡҪװһ£Ҳͨյѣ
ۼҲҪỲƿţ˳ȥ
üỲ⻰˵Ĳԡúÿ̫עĿѵ֪Լǳһ˶Ƶ
Ỳ뿪֮һ˴ŮҲߣΪ档¥ֵԼԼӴߵǰƿ˴
о̻Ϣ
ջٽֶӿŵĴԿԽֵľݣ¶ڵ̯λССľ峵ؽֽС
쳤˲ӣ۾ȥҪŪǶʲôЩ̷ĶЩʶЩǴδ
վڴǰˣӹ£ƫƫֿ֮ˡ˫ȹϣڴ̨Ȥζȥ
ǣСӵըӣСּۻۡ
̯Ǹ̴ˣںӹ򶹸Ц֡ϰ˶ȴǴЦġ
һģһ·СкǣؽϸһСӲһҲһģһ̥ɲؽ̷ֵȻʶǣǾʱ򣬶С
Ŵ֣۾
¥һȴȻƿĿһæˡŵһᣬ鷳ҲϹˡ
ˡ
ôͷһضӲ֪ôźá
һ˽ŲǷȥ𽥿ĽŲأỲĽŲ
ǽŲͣˡؿŷӳӰ
͹ٿţ緹
ͷģ
ԼĶӡ˻ȥʵʵ¡
ͣ
Сüͷ÷˵ֻǵСǹô죿İͽĶĿԳжô죿
Уܿš
ŷţȻȷַֹֻϵģûв˨ʱ
Сãû˻ӦΪûˣˡ
æŵߵſڣ˨ϡ˨ϸľƵġ룬ȥ˸ӣŵˡУеᡣܹȥʹȫȥƷѾؽƹҲŵˡ
Щ˿ϴڽﱧϥš
ĸڣͷضؼҵСӣӡ
ö
ʱߵżŲϵĴҲԼԼ
˯ɣ˯˾ͲˡغһСӳһȥͷ˻
ỲŻ
Ʒţûƿ֪Ŵˣš
˭
һвŴѯʡ
ޢޢ
Ỳ˿æ´ЬܹȥšקŷŬŲ
ỲеĶִϣһͽȥ׽˨۶ϣȻŽȥ
ˡ
ỲƳһΣĿͷϣҲ֪ڴϴ˼
ỲⱾ볰ЦСӣ˻ޣұʶ
ӣرί˵·úܡҲöҪ£ʰҲС
۸ʱޡΪûԺôã۾
ỲֽⷴŹϣߵǰ쳶ȵطǴ΢΢졣
ѰѣֻΪӴЩͽĥˡ
ǽС
ỲЦˣûţ·Ų֪ԼȥҪۼҸ£
촩·ûϴѽƵġ
·ûϴôܼٴ
ỲЩ˵ˣͲܰ·˹ΣñΧš
ţ
ôԡ
Ҫǻ˴ô죿˵ǡšüỲ⣺׼·ã
ôͷһⱻһ졣ܡ
ỲЦһƨһƣˡڸϽ˰ա


72 
, ϵ·ǱỲġﵽ⣬һǣñӽԼס
ۿỲҪȥ, ˣҪȥѽ
ۼźܣｵȻǸ·
У˨Ūˡ
Ŷˡ·ûỲҪԶ
ỲĬˡ
ԭ, ԼŮô鷳ģ
Ỳվڴߣ, յߣ˵ٷۼ, ۼҾͰѹһӰţӴȥ
Żҡ
Ỳⲻ̲
ֱ۴ӱ̽, ֱӱסỲ⣬, СأѾúˣˡֻһˡ
Ỳɫ΢١
, ԭ׵ļϡѩ׹ıмֲĺۡ
Ỳⲻ̧֣ļġ
, һ·ϡֺС, һ˨õķ䣬ȥ
Ỳ·ʵ̫ˣжֲ㡣Щʧ, ԸšʹֻǼ֮ңҲỲⱧġʹûʶҲҪỲĻ, 
Ỳ⽫ڻȵС˶ЩȷǶˣССڳԸͣ
ỲʹһЩҲŵĳԷ̬ڣۼҰ·ﶪ£Ҳȥ
ĥỲ⻰ĥ˺һû²ڣǵȷòõ³óۡһ·ɵðỲúúţ
ȥỲ֣βЦӡһȥഩ£С
ỲƳƳϵС֡Ҳûƿ
Ỳһֱȵ궫õСʰˣһˣ·ԾỲ뿪֮ţνŵϡ
ʱỲˡԤÿһЩͰӭȥȥỲ·ѰĲҲǴֲ
Ỳⲻ·һƿҩȻϴֲĺ۹һͻˡỲⲻ̫ѩ֮ЩۼҪ̳
һϴ裬ҩ
ԥһ£ܾϴ衭
ỲƳһۣʱȻȻջĶȫµģԸñùĶͣգԺܲʺĿջյ˽լ
Уǰ·ˡ
ԽỲ⣬˨ųȥỲĿӴϣĿȶڵ档קſӣߵÿĿİ
Ỳߵһȥðϸҩƿȥعͷʱ㿴Ѿϵ·ȥʱſڴϵҩ
Ƕһ˶ӣ⣬е̧һ˫СţཻƵػš
Ỳһ߹ȥͣڴԱʱûж
ſϵɻ̧ͷĿ⡣һỲΪκȻæȥỲ֣뽫¡
Ỳ˳ڴ߲¶ȵĿ⽫ϵ´һ飬Ī˵ۼǰµǺ޹ǡ
գգۣãȻỲ⡣
ʲôأ
ǰѹٴˣܵѾˡҪҩҪʲôǣ
ðɣôһ㲻˼ʹܵҲվվǻġһʼԼȡŤˣʹÿܶŬ˷
һľʶһ·úỲ⣬ٳԵͷؽڣĸҩҪΪǵŤŲɣ
ỲȻЦˣܺá
ȻỲ⽫ҩУظϵĺ۲ҩ
ĴɫỲɫ糣ոյûдڹϲŭɫˣÿһϸ΢ı鶼ֵ
ſỲĻ°ʹļϣһҩϵĺۣһ˼봧Ħ
ỲĶͣ
ΪۼǲвŮˣۼǰ°ա
ỲⴹĿϸѩ׵ļͷȻͷҧļ磬ϸϸؿҧ𽥼ء
üżϴʹ
ΣỲɿĮؽƿָ˲ǣվ˵˯ɡ
ȷѾˡ
ỲתȥϨڵĵƣ̵泯ɲǣﳹ׺
Ϊϲ
һƬڰļžȻ
߬űǣ˵еĻ⣺޵ڻź򡣱ҲڻȱЩʲô㲻ɡ
һ㶯ûСľսӲͷƤ˵ȥӡڱԣеƺ棬ʵϡҲǱˡ
ĶˡŵòУ֪˵ǶԻǴʵǻᰲǷŭ
öϸȥỲ
ڴ£ֱϸӴ
ո˵ϲʲôỲʡ
ϸȥֱһߵĮ͵Ȼһ˿һ
ϲӡڻϲӡָϵĸо
ˡηϲ¯Ỳһ
ƭ˵ļӦỲչȥոµҧۡ
ҧҧĶ⣬Ƶ˵ԲˡѱԳʻȥա
ơŶһ濪ʼܲܳԱ⡣

峿İشỲһԹ緹ỲְԼȥˡ
ͷŤһԣرйزȥʲôʱ
ϣỲʱһ㣬ͻˡ
Ỳ⽫ǰ£ʼױ
ҿԼġ潫ԳƸˡ䣬ƫỲϡŹֵĶ
ﳤ̫ÿۼҲϲ˳Ƹͣ
Ỳ⽫Ͱ͵ĶճϡӣԼһƬպĳª̺ۡ
Ƕʵģϵûò
߰աỲˣվ
һԼỲ⣬һ߶߶֪Сޡ
ȥỲ֡
ỲףƳһۡ
뿪˿ջֵ߽ȺȺľӴˣЩӦỲֻӶϣ˫ֱֽ۱ڻ
ỲƳһۡ
ʱӦɴҲ߽ӵȺʱˣ뵽ûʶԼڻ˳Ůֹ˼ɷͷһε飬Ȥ
Ỳ˸լԺȻֻסա
լԺȴ½ûãɾࡣլԺþߣȫµġ
վСԺʱ򣬾ȵʣҪס𣿡

ֹ¿ǮסնҪլԺһ̣۾Ỳ⣺ҲŮʹɣ
ỲָظһˮۼҺȻź鷳ʮȤֱ裬һ˶С
εس˳ǣһ˿ңӡ˵ЦˣӡܸܲϴѰɣ
Ỳ⸩ͷüģ˵ܸϴС㣬ۼ֮
ỲСլԺĸڣסһھֵˡھֵջңңڿյլԺסˡ
ϺǣԺӰ˽ˡǶԶСޡҡ
۾һֱ˵ÿεɾ
ӡ͡һЦ˵㣬ˣɾ
ô￴ϵ˻ûֵģ̧̇°ͣңû˵ôεɾȻиôӡ


73 Ʒ
Ỳµ⴦լԺĸ, סŵھֽ˳ھ߽֡ģ˽ҲƺھΪ߶ھ֡ͷǸһûɼҵֵĲںСƶ, ҲóȢϱŴڣԼھ, ޸ĸĿӣյ, ھ¡ȻƽʱȺĺӲƣɵȺҰӡ
Ӳʺڵ, ҲŮޡŮһ߸ƽʱҲѺڡھһе, ûйҡ߸Ů޶ֻϡΪ, ߽ĲŻֳ˳ھΪ߶ھ֡
ھеˣûѪԵϵ, ȴֵܽơ׼ȺĺӽʱŹѵ⣺ϹУȢϱ
һȺ˴ҡڵ߹, һ²һ£ҪỲԺȿڴкˡ
ھӣǾסڡСԺһֱ, û뵽˰ˡ
ѰȥڵǸµĹߵһŸɾĿװ, ﻹŰѽߵһߣһ˵˵Ҳ
ⲻ棬СԺסʲôˡ
ǡŸհġ, ҲûзܡỲⶼԲ˶Ӵ
ƫƫסڸڵȺʮ졣
ѵھӡǽȣһ԰ɣ˳ھдһھӡ˵ǸӡһɲںУԵ΢һ㡣Աƽֶӡ
δյʢԼһʱ֮䲻֪ôܾûüأǰ¹ֿˡ
֪ôƺأʡĿ϶ͣһỲϡ
ȻỲЩˡɫĮ۽ǵⶼʩȺˡ
Ȼ뵽Ỳ̧°ֺͣؿڣһһۼҡģáۼҡԳƣܾỲֻҪһڣ׼¶ڣ粻Ѱգ
ԣһ˵šҷƼ˵
ỲףƳһۡ
һỲĿסôεɾȻǸưͣٴɨªɲʱȻ
ҲԣֲεɾһªӡȻΪƼŲȢ˸ªϱҾεɾʹǸưͣȢҲϧ
СðȣСޣˣ˵꣬ߵһƺŽԼԺ
ûôܾأھӶԺҰԺŸˡ
ͷߵỲתԺȥ׷ȥĸ첲ͣΪţӡ˵źһЩһװ񡭡
ΪԼƶհúܺãⲻ֪ڵ˻ȥ̸֮ġ
һǸǧѡ
ԣһھ֪ǽˡÿڣһվ֪ǲһ۹ﳤġűͦƯģϧ˰˻Ҹոնûϸ˵ġ
˵ٴ򽻵ȽϺá˵ʲôҡѺĿɲСЪվ͸ϱȥˡ
򽻵ѽҽ㿴ǿɾˡɾ濡üһҳôûôɾӻ߳ˡ٣Ǵ󻭼һĻ
һŮӺȻڣͦģոôԶ˵ʱһû⡣ýˣŷ˿÷⡣Ҳʼˣ
ϸһɣָ˵ɾգˣ
ɾաޡһЦǺǵذһۣţôһ쿴ϵġģã
ȴ˵ֱӰνڵȥ׷ɾաɾҲУԺֵܣЦš
÷Ӵӳһྐྵһ߿ɾպ׷Ŵ֡
ô𣿱ԱĶôʡ
ҡͷ˵ԱǶӺ͸ڵɾûȣЬ䣡
Ĺߵ÷֣ЦŴ£ϣԱĶӻÿǲֻҲһ˵˼ҿҺأ
˼ϱġ÷һҡҡͷת˳æȥˡ
ԺӾ͸һǽھֳЩˣ󲿷Ը񶼴ֵģ˵ɤҲЦ֡£󲿷̸ֵԽԺǽƮỲСԺС
εվỲߡֱһǽ֮ĸԺ䲻̸Ỳ⣬ʼ˵ĻˣСȥƳỲһۡ
Ỳûʲô飬Ჽݡ
ԭء
תͷԺķδھԸĹǣǽ˵ĻͷߣĿŵ󷽷
ͷһη֣ԭỲⵥƾһЩЩЦ
ع첽Ỳݡ
óĶȫµģȱһЩþߡỲСԺתת֪ȱʲôһȥǰֵĽЩþߡ
ٳǰỲۼҳư͡ͽˡ
ʲôѵģ
ǰȷġ
ɵֵļУαȵ̯λãȻô󣬻ûԼ
ỲƳ۾Ǹ۾һ̲ͣ
Ҳ۾
Ỳǳ棬תãһĻǸʲô
һӵ̯λͣ
ỲЦȻЩûõ
šһȵݸỲ⡣
Ỳ£֣̲Ƴݹȣûӡ
յߣֽչȣ۾ͷЦ¸ε
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š͵ͷ
ỲƳ۵ӣƳЦһָۣĥһֱΪѵĽС
ȫµ޽оڵĳˢȻվֵĽͷʼ֪Ҫʲôˡ
ͷỲ⡣ỲⲢû
ԶƮ㡣һҾ¥
ˡԵģ
Դӷ˹ӾƵ飬ûٳԹ·ĶȻԵĶ٣ԥһ£Լȥɣ
Ȼû¹ǡӦòѰɣ
ʲôأ
ܣ˽ֽǵĶ̯ڿջӴʱҶ̯ϰﳤúܺÿװۣĶ
ȥ򶹸ˡ
СҪ٣ϰƳһеϧ
ҲҪ٣ϡͿرһ¡
жģϰϰáϰȥδޣ㳤úǸεεӡ
СúˡС˵϶
ûȥӣС˵һֻ޳֡δƯ֡һ£ƣỲϡ
СһŵĶˡ
ϰһ
С˻عСؽݵỲ
ʣǮ
ϰﻹû˵ǸСѿڶҪǮ
գգۣգգۡ
СϺøˡ˫ûطƵģ߬ϵΧȹɤ˵λ˰ɣԶԶǿ֮ͣǳˣ
ðɣͷỲ⣬ỲѾŶתˡƫƫûǮֻôҴҵлСȥ׷Ỳ⡣
Ỳߣ¹۲ߵˡ
Ⱥؽ̷ֵ˵ĿỲϣҪͣһջĿְ֮Ŀƻ
һĸҹﶢỲ񣬲һӣ˼ض˶ţڴЦ
̧۾һʶỲһϸϸ
ԭỲ⣬ǹǣ


74 
תͷ, ĿǰСֹһ䣺ӡۣ͸ҲճƬ˵İ̡
˰ûȵỲĻػ, תͷỲ⡣
ỲЦһƳָָԼ졣
Ŷ, ư͡
ƿĿ⡣
Ỳֲⷭ۵ȣﲢûжЩǵ۷ϡΪ֪, Щ֪Ǵһ£ۣ²ŵûɢɢ, һ
͡
Ỳߵ
ֻ֣ʱΪ˵, üֵ
ԣʱ
, Ǹ˼ӵСʺ
Ỳˡ
Ƥɡ
ԲԲģ, ģƤɡ

ỲʱؼңսðĶ, Ժžͱھֵõ졣
ôŻոչùһˣǲڼңȾƳ⣡Ͳóˣ
ŬܾлǺ⡣ֻԹˡ
û°ԹٳŲɾպֱȥ, קȥ
ƵĻͷỲ⣬ȴͷڷȥ, һ
룬ȥҲаɡѰյӣûڲʲôʺʲôŮ
˳ھֵСԺ, ӵ˺öˣֵڿ⡣
£Ե֣οܵھӣǺÿ͵ˣ˵˸סһСޣھֵڵС޹Ⱦƣֱ޳ɡ߽ཻûʲô
лỲ£ен
ûкôİһԶһһȺھֵĲں⡭ǰ붼롣
ھֵˣǰֻû뵽ļھˡĽɢȥһЩ˺档ھֵˣǵȷǰӴ˲һĺˬ˵˵ЦЦӣֺѪ׺̫һ
СֵôƺỲ⡣
æ˵Ƽ˵
ĥţư;ư£Ƽĥһ£Ļ⻰ɶ˼
ӵݸһƻʣʲôѽ߽Ĺɲϲ˭˭ϱĳƺҲԸġ
࿴һۣ۾˵աᣬһ֡
ỲڰĿеƿƳһۡ
߹ƻݸỲ⣺ȳԸƻ⻹ÿһ
Ỳͷû̧
ҲﷸֹѵÿɾưͣҲӣ
æ˵ҷϲƻ
԰˵
һ£˵áԲԲƻ֪¿ڡȻǳԹƻģСԵƻŮкһСһССٶ˸ġ
ԲԲĺƻỲˡ
Ỳڽȷ£ϵһСһˮ飬֪Ǹϴģſʼƻ
˹ָĺɫƻƤһ޳Ө׵ָչ
ĴСԺˡ
ԺĹǣ֪ʲôʱͣ飬Ỳ֡ҲӶỲơ
Ỳ֣ȻǳüÿġӵһۼỲʱ򣬾֪
ˣȻתỲһƻһҧȥҧ˺ôһڡ
ƻϵĺɫƤԾ׹ţƮš
׹ŵĹƤҧһƻˣҧһڣʹҧ
ȵطƻкõƻζ̫һգգۣĬĬƻˡ
⿾ˣǺЦš
ôˣϿŲֹһֻȣֹȣӡҰͰֻȡ
ЩŵڿõϿһ飬Ȼÿţҧųԡ
Ŀɿڴ
ȻҲԹ⣬ǰԵЩ⣬ͬǻ˺гɼСС飬ÿһϲǩ
ӵݸһȡ
ллæӹôһ⡣͵͵һ˳ӣЩ裬̽ҧһڡ
ûԹȻ鲻㣬Ľճաھ˺ôЦ
һŵ˼ң
е㲻˼
ɾտˣЦǺǵ˵ӣ⿾ⰡҪڳԲźóԣҪǳԵǣ֤⿾㣡
ζһ¡ͷţǺúóԣ
۾ЦԡԼԼ
ỲЩƳΪСʺЩ˴ֱɣҪίؿޱӣû뵽Ӧ졣
˵ӣԼ԰๫һһûء
֪Ỳζ嵭һ£תͷỲ⣬ʣҪ𣿡
Ỳ͹С죬Ҳմ彴֭Сüӣ졣
Ϻ𣡡˴˸ڡ塣
Ỳ۾ԽԽˣĵظпλӵϱˡȻһ㲻ƻǲ졣ϣǺˣˣ
Ỳ⣬̾˿Ŀ⣬пưͶȢϱ֫ȫܿھ֣զ˲֮껹Ȣϱ
֪ԭЩĿ⣬ۡ
ǰޱˣֱǡпԣ
ôܲȾƣһơ
ƴǲӲͷƤһڡ
Ҿжô죿
һ̣ҾǺһԡ˼ôƼǺŤͷȥԣỲؿڡ
ỲƳһ̧̧ۣ֣ı˳
Ȼ룬ӦǲжġжỲⶨȻԷ֣ȾƵġҾжҲҽúá
ỲŲŲЩ

Ȼֻһھƣɻ˼ңϵĺλûˡԺǽһߵ̸ЦСԹߣҲһ
ۼҿǸư͡ỲⱧŸ첲Ƶؽ˳
ȥѽ׷ʡ
ϴˮ
룬С׷ȥվڳſڣشỲˮ񡭡
ƮЩ̣ˮҲˮ
ỲϣҲմȾ̻Ϣ
ỲȻתͷſڵһۼˮʲôҲ
ĥһ¡ҲŶҲӦðæʲôʲôأӳʣЩʲô
磬·˸ۼ裿ǿϧˣºɴ¶˸ۼҵĴ󱦱š
򴽵һתߡ
ΪʲôưͰ

Ϊȥһ죬һҾƵãҲ˯ǰˮʵ̫ˡһ˯ڱӼŲţսỲĻԹԵ䴽ߡ
Ỳһ۽ޣȻ
Ỳ⽫Ǹ۽޺ôϸ΢ظ˰Σޱ˳ȥ
ŸˣỲ˯š仹ǸͣĻˡỲ⼸뽫һճ˵СʺŪһ˰ˣʱǰһ̣üģ
ˣպ˯ɡ
ֱỲŵѪζ

ڴϣŴµѪô˯һ㶼ûоء
СתͷߵỲ⡣
ỲڴߣŸʪڲճѪ
ѪȻŪġŪ¿㣬Ū˴죬ѪŪȥˡ
ö
غһɥͷ
ỲƳ˵ۼҴдƽˡ
ƵءšһȻСֹҪǸ
ţ
ǡǸ߬űǡ


75 ׷
̧۾, е㲻˼͵͵ȥỲ顣Ҳ֪֪ǲ֪Ҫʲô
Ỳʲô鶼ûУüʾ׵鶼ûС
Ỳ⵽֪ǲ֪ѽ
ӦӦǲ֪ɣ
ˡ
͡Ǹѽ߬űӵһ˫̧׾ϹȻҲ֪ҪôȻỲ, ֻʮŬرȻһ
˵ڡ
Ỳбˡ
¶Щ΢˼˵ǵƨɵĲӣϹȻʲôأ֪, ΪҪײء
ҡôͱȻײˣỲ۾һ, ׻е˵, ỲӶ顣ƿߣµͷȥ
ỲƳƳԼĿ, ȻʪӲѪһ뵽ϵѪͷۡקΧϵıƿЩ, Ƴһ۴ϵѪۣ˵Ǹ鷳͸øιҩ, Ѫ
СҪһҩȥԺÿ¶ˣͲء
ỲЦһ, ʣǸǻҪҪˣ
ӣû飬ͷ, ĥỲܸܲŪ´
ỲĿȴһ˲ȥʼŮģһӣССɾźƵüۡ
, ϶ϲԼĺӣһر۰ɣ
ϲŮǶӣ
벻ҪԼĺأ˶ϣԼŮɣϾʵ֮١
ỲĿϣһһȥ
, ŮĻᡣô׼ΪԵŮܱܽ˶࿴Ф룬
ƫƫȻһֱͷ̽СֹҪԲˮǰÿγ¶ġ
ỲûѹѹϵĺΣ̧ͷỲ
ʱЩ顣ʼ˼Լǲ̫鷳ˡҪȥŪǸҪԲˮ
ʵæˮġ
⡭
ٿˡ
Ỳȥˡ
ȥˣСƿӣԼ͵͵ϸ鿴ŪĴͿӡС˲
ӦھϴٻϸɾѺʹ졣û´·ҲŪġ
Сһᣬڴ
ֿʼˡǳڵĻһԸźá˵ʱȵĹԲˮѾȽˡ
òʼĥỲܸŪ´
ǰõģŮƵġ󲿷ֶԼġšüŬһ¡ԼǵĳŮ˵Ҳмٵ֬ȷ
ǡỲҵ
Ѿ̸Ѱõ´Ĳľҡ˵Щõֻ򵥵ĲϼźܲڵĺֽøɲҶƤġ
Խ࣬üšԽ
Ҳ֪Ỳʲôӵġ

˸طͷϡÿ£ϸһûУ·ۡ
ȰȣڰỲȻˡǲûеȻ´ڴϣñΧ°쳤˲ӣ߽ỲĶ
Ỳ⽫׼Ķߡ
һѼӡһߡһЩ޻һɫ޲
ҪԼ
ŵ̧ͷỲ⡣ܿ죬ְοԼ˽ܵĶӦúܲ򵽰ɣỲΪӺҲȥЩ
Լ˵ˡȥߵĺ첼С˵ЩܺҿԼġ
ͶˡỲͷ֬Ҳ֪ʲôͼ˷ģֱô汦ƨأ
գ۾̯ɫ޲ԭⲢʲô޲ỲԼ¡
ỲĻƮĶ䣬ҧҧС飺ӡɷעԴʣ𡢱հƨɹߡ
ỲƳպСʺҲ̫˰ɣǰ˶Ծɺţˡ
Ҳɡ޳ʳָָָ°ͷĥ䡣յøЩ΢ĴĶٻǾͷҧһҧ
ŵഫ޵ļһӣ΢šǰĪỲָԼߵģ
Ī
糯һ˿һЩ룬ʹȥỲ⣬Ҫ˸ߣȥȥȥҪ͵ҷ춫
ģϸ֡
οǷ˽ܵĶ
Ỳżʱ̲סͷСֹˮ
͵͵ƵģҲỲû
һſʼԼ´ǰδŬһùǶӡ
Ӧǲѵġ
ӣҪ޲ÿỲ£šСüͷ
Ҫ¡һһ߱ԹţһỲ²ˡ
ϾǲĶļûл̫õʱ䣬Ūһһ´ǲõġʱֻȽµ˴ŤŤػͷԼĿӡֲ˼ȥԥһ£˼Ỳ£ϵϡȻ󽫸շõ´ؽɾһųݡ
СԺҲݵĸڣȴûСšóݵţ߽ԱߵСҡ
·վݵſڣһûƼỲӰȥ̽ͷ̽һ
ỲⲢ
ԡͰԱ߰˸СľͰ涼װˮ߽ȥɾһԵļϣȻľͰˮ¡ľͰˮһͰװˮһͰװŸպõˮ
һɾȫľһԣľȫµģȴտˮ̹һ飬ﻹˮ
һȥ˽ðþߡ֪ȫµľӦỲոġ
ᡭ⣿⣿һֱûỲĻӦΪֳȥˡ첽ߵҵĴڣСԺԺţԺҲš˻ˮ¶ȡ
ܹ鲻ԼĹ뷿ҲûšżܿϴʰȻּȥøձĸɾ·

ˡ
ʱ̫ˣΪ³һһףҲûϸͱ˹û뵽¡ԽȴΪȹӾһԽĿ¡
ûӣ
ڣǰһѾ߸ô·ò˵ġ
ҺݾڸڡոչʱõǼỲ£ϵϣСŻصڵݡ
ݵŹϣ˿󱲵ڷϡһ̣Ỳʱϵı鲻һ
ỲһȱֱվһŵڴϣڸŪĴ졣
һԵķϣһõĹԲˮ
̫ѰҽŲỲ̧ͷĿɨΧϵģ¡
ỲĿ
ΪҪˣæͣ͸ѡ촩Ļûϴһ׽Ҫֻ·һˡ
ȥе顣
ỲĬƬ̣ЦһЦƵؿڣ˵ĸֳַ·߻˫׺ֳƵ𣿡
µỲ⣬֪Ϊʲôôʡֻ֪ỲһЦԽԽء
Ỳָָűߡ
⣬˳ỲָͷڽűߵĶ
գգۣȻغһˡ
ޣޡỲ߹ȥָͷۼҸ졣


76 
޿
, ߻ĻǿԵģոֻ̫ˣǰû´ѣ
վỲȲ࣬ޱ´ǰĲ, ѹϡ
ỲŸϸ룬ڽ´˶Ͽĵط·֣˵ɿЩ, Ҫ̵ˡ
Ŵѹ´Ҳɿһ㣬һ㶼, ỲѾسŲ졣
ˡỲ˵
˿æϼӼͷỲƳһ۵ݹļ, ûӡչȥ, Ƶؽͷҧϡ
Ỳת̧ȥһԵȹ, Ըá
Ǻģ۾ҲǺġỲȹӴ, תҪߣȴỲ࣬һ, ͽϡ
ˡỲõĹԲˮݸ
ỲݹĹԲˮ, ӣƵ˵Ỳ⣬Ͳܸ𣿡
ỲѹԲˮ, ԼղˡǶۼҵۼû˵Ĳ, 㵹ۼҹ𲻸ˣۼҪǲ棬ҹȶϴɾˡ
Ȼ
𽲻ˣ̧ʹסỲ죬Ȼŵ½
ỲΪѵر졣
ðΣԼϲˣŰỲ⻳뿪ȻԲˮ˫ţһһڵغţһ԰һȹˡ

Ȼ˫ֽסỲ죬ûڵĻ»ȥ
Ỳ۾Ƶġ
һ֣˫ֱȥ
ۼҾʲôỲЦһ
磬ھֵҪԺšվԺһţһߴ˵⣬ԭҪỲȥһȾơ
ûȻǻȥġߵԺſòлҶûۣοܲſڴ°͵ͷϣš
ỲԺŵˡ
һţûӦΪСڼңҲţȥˡ
磬Ỳȥһˡ
ҲûȥĶڴϺһǲ鲻Ըߣʼ´
´ⶫѰƶİռŮòáЩŮӲⶫȴһԵģͨҪϴüΡ
ǰͲԸⷴãټ
һýʵʵߣ

ϣˡ
ԺǽϣԶԶỲӽֽǻ̴ԺǽȹӣỲ⿪ԺŵĻᣬվԺʹ֡
ڼҰֱӿ첽߽Ժӣȥ
ǵǶٿҾƵдЩ˼˵岻̫춼ڼ˯ˡ
򿴹
΢Ц˵ûʲô£˯һͺöˡҷͶҽҪء
ӻҽҾȵ߽Ỳ⡣Ǿȣֺܿ챻ϲڸǡ
ۣ˸ľϲԽԽأ
̫ϲҴỲĿ⣬ѯʣҹʲô𣿡
һع
ͷڣԡҪţҲ
ҹ˵վþˣеᣬת߽ˡ
Ҵ󷽷ظȥûڣĿ׷Ỳ⡣Ỳ֮󣬽ϣȻվڷŶϴּԣժָϵĺڸϣʼ˹ϴ֡
ϡ۾Ỳ⽦ˮ֡ûһ˵ֿÿֻҪǶ࿴һۣ̲סֱĵ˼
߹ȥڿ˼Ҫ˵Щʲôϵö䣬Цſڣöָ¡
˵ţ־Ҫȥøϵö䣬Ҫϸơ
һֱ趢ҵһæҪһᵽö䣬
һʱ䣬ֻͬʱȥҪȥխϵĽָ
ȻỲȽöָõޱ飬ֱӽŽ˿УȻ˦˦ϵˮգѩ׵ӣ˹زϵˮա
Ỳ⽫ָУе£ỲΪʲôôȴáӺúÿ
ƵĿɾԽޱԽ۵̲סгȾɾڴ֮䶯ģ
Լúÿ졣
߹ȥԼ嵲ỲǰطխӲȥ󱲼Ỳ⡣Įٴѯʣҹʲô飿
ˬһЦ󷽷˵ҿˡ
۾۲˼顣ΪھֵЩ󷽷ػ˵Ц˲ˣȻҪܵ˼ǰ˵
ɫ䵭ҹ˵ðɡ
ԾɹˬʵЦƺҲԼ˵ʲôԡ˵̹ԸԵŮʹЩֶΣʲô뷨ֱ˵úÿҵһƼʱ򣬾ϲҹԸԸ뿪ԴϲģҲǲˣὫϳȥһҲסԼھ֡
ҪǲԸأʡ
ԾЦŵģŵĽŵ˵ҪǲԸ⡣ֻ˰
һƽ͵ҹ⻰˵ĲԡҪи֮򣬼ʹ̹ڣڲ˱޳֮СΪǵ̹ɲͬĿȴʹֶεˣǴϼӴԵŮӿи֮򰵵ֽţΪ֪Ǵġ㣬ȴǷǲ֣ǵ˵涼ûС
ĻΪ⡣ݵĽӴ֮£ǸͲԸСӡ֮ǰڱ֮òĳӻίؿޱӣҪúðοᡣ
ȴȫȻû˵
󣬸ŭܵʱȥֻѰؽšţ˼ֲŭĸ߸ϵѵζ
Ƶٽһ䣺񻰡
ʵҲҪԸ˵໰
㡭㲻֪ôҷˣ˶ţұѾܿˣΪıԺֻҪԸ⣬˳ھô࣬϶ԸҪġʱͷֶӿ㣬˵ԸãҲҲ˱˰ĶãҪȢȥϱҲԸġǽûôһյùأһŰǣý
Ĭţ뽲ˡ̲סеʧΪ￴Ľ˿ɲġûôùأ񻰣
Ỳ⽫ĺóɫȻڣ˭˭Ȣȥϱ
߶ŵһ㶣ŵصɴ۾Ỳ⣺㡢㲻ưͣ
ͷֶӣỲͷܺá
Ỳתߡ
ԭأڻζỲͳߡ
ȴһæСȥ׷Ỳ⣬߳Ժǰʹס֣С˵װѰѽɱˣǧɱˣοǸ޹ؽҪ¶ѽٹ첻ǾҪ
Ỳ⶯ݣȷһ飺ո˵ͷֶӣʲôӣֶӣ԰ɣ
Ỳ۾˴һ̣˽ỲĻʹؿڣغһί˵ӺʹᡣҲöŶ
Ỳĺ죬Ҫ˳ȥ
Խι̣Ų˲䣬ߺ󣺡ĺʹʹŶҪײܺá
Ŀ͵һĻ


77 ϴϴ
ǰһỲȥвþʱ, ĹǹﶢỲ񣬲һӣ󲻺˼ض˶, ڴЦ
дޱ飬ش߶СŮ
ޱ鿪ĵشȣȥúӳķţӳ, ӳڲڣ
ʱ, Ѿ߹ţ
ޱ߽, ŷְ˪Ҳ
˪ӳһտش͸ỲһһŮˡ, ӳ裬ûбỲ, 澡ʧ, ֻȼպص뿪ȥһӳի
˪ȴҪЩ, ںӳѵ֮󣬿زûٸҽ͸Ỳ, һӳһǽסڿؼеı
ڿصŮޱ飬˪ӳһǹ, Ǻ򲻸ҵһǰ㡣
ôÿչˣӳǿЦ
ޱ˫һ㽣ĸ˵, ҿԼ
˪ӳһۣȻЩĽȻ˵Щףɻ˼ӵ֡
ޱԼѡ¶˪ͺӳ֮ǰ֪֪ޱ۹ܸߣģûĸɾۡ
ǲǵˣ˪ʡ
ޱЦЦ˵һˡǸվȺ˶ؤһѿո˵վߣЬ䣡
˪ͺӳЩޱһˣֲЩ棬ʲô˲ܵ۸ڶĴޱߵۡ
Ҳ֪ô˵󡢿ݣվƶϵһ߲ʣ̲סҪĴڣޱʵҲʵĴȥݾһƳɾö˶ţһ𣿡
˪ͺӳû˵Ŵޱݣ˾ͬʱǰһ˵ӰֻǸ߲ʣȴǸ߸ϲƶϵġ
˳ĬţԲǸһ֮Ե˵֡һǸ˵֣Ҫη
ӳΪϯϵľɫʼ΢΢ס
ޱ黹һ㽵ؼ˵ţѾСȥˣ֪ǸɾסϧˣȻȢޡӺóģСֻҪһ۾Ҫſ޵ֳҲûʲôϵҰǸ˹Ӵˣø׸Ұ¡

ͷ͵͵̧۾һỲ⣬ջߣͷԷ
Ѿ뿪ˡҲ޳ֶܵΣỲûȥ˳ھֵͷĶӻֶʲôˡ
ʲôʱ뿪һ⡣
ϡỲֻһ㶫Ͱѿӷˡ
Ỳɫ̫ÿ
Ѿˣôһ̣Ȼ⣿

Ҳ֪ΪʲôԼܲµỲ뷨µСţ˲ỲСȡһ߸Լлһһ˵㱾Ҳ˾ñã֤ӡѡ񱾹ѡ֤ӡ۹ܺѽ
͡
ỲƳ̲˵Цһʼۼң֮鹷ƤҩƵۼҲ֡ۼңɲۼѡ
ŵĿӼŻһһŵỲһۣ˵סڰò˳Զ˳ķˣ
ƽʹҧ
Ỳ֧򢣬ȤζӡҲ֪ʲôʱʼԽԽƵضǳԽԽӵغÿ
ÿҧ
ɫܿϴ»ɾ´Сȥٷഩһ޿㣬ǲ̫ġ
нڴߣỲ߽̽˵ӡϷֿ˯ɣҶʹأӰҲ˯ѽ
ỲǰվӸµƳʣʱ˵۵Ҫۼôܺţ
ˡ
ţỲվšĿȻỲϡһ֡
һ£ʣָأ
̧ͷ۾Ỳ⣬ʣָأ
ָŸڵķ򣬽һ˫ԲǲǱ͵ˣ
ỲĬĬ飬۾Ȼ͵͵Ц
ЦʲôѽָأȥỲ⣬Ĵ
Ỳ˫ֳĴϡĶϸ׹ŵĺ½ﻬ
Ȼֵĺ䣬ǰػεš
ĶôܱߣỲ̧֣޳Ө׵ָź䣬²ؽ½
պ󣬱ܿһۡ˵
ỲؿڣĿ½£źðΣŽĿⲻȻƿطϵ˫ÿŴ齣СỲָææһ㡣Ŵ齣ŲỲ£ӿһŲ࣬
ģỲתȥϨڵĵơ˲Ļ΢˿ڰȻִỲ
ڴ£Ķ䡣
ŵģҲ̫Ůˣۼҵˡ
ӲͷƤ˵£ΣСԱůȫҪпӡȻҪúӡ
Ỳָ˹ĥգû˵ʲô
ĻشһҲ⣬ȻҲûʲô˵ġ
һкƣˡ
ҵһͿ·һֱ꣬СצӲ˸ŢԼƿһ㡣Ỳҡҡ˵Сۡ
áۼҸޢޢ׾ͲˡỲͷչȥСӣϵĺ们ϣһ˿ϵ⡣

Լ´ãҹʱŪല졣һ˯òǺ̤ʵҲʱСȵŲĥ䣬ǹؾصأһҹûô
˯˹ˡˣ˵Ỳ˯øЩ
ɣûô˯á
ãΪϢŵѪζǶѪζеġ
һƬỲΣֽ̽ޱһ£һϵ´⿪ˡ

һҹûô˯ã˯ǰԼҪٽŪࡣҲȷѵñһЩ컹û˹
Լʱ仹磬ҪߵỲ⡣۾̵Сģȡһ㶯Ỳ⡣
һ۾Ժ۾ŷִǿյģỲⲢߡ
ôѽ˾䣬̵ƿӣҪȥһ´ϰԵȥ鴲죬ȴڼϵѪʱ˲ѹȫޡ
ôŪˣǰһ̻˯ʵãӣ󡢵Բš
æȥ飬ŷϵϵĴӾȻ֪ʲôʱɢˡ
ô޳ˡٿһ߿˵Ĵ齣ίѵΪְѴŪˣỲ
ǰỲˤųȥģ
ɥصͷ˺һźȦ˴ٴţðѴʰɾС
ͷ߳ݣȥڵңԼʰɾˣٻʰ齡߽ңŵơ
Ỳⱳſڣڳϣǰľ裬ϴʲôŪˮδ峿쳣Զ
һѵԼְỲϵ·Ūˣ
ȻҲûϴģǼȻŪģ͸ϴѽ
ȦСŲȥС˵㡢ϴʲôѽϴɡ
Ůӣӡ
ֱеˮģ´



78 
ỲҲû뵽ô
ҹϵ, ΪģַԼŪ˴, ۾յģ
Ϊˣǰ, ϴ
ϴ
û취֪Сֽ, ˵ⶫԼϴĴ֮١
ײ, ỲЩڡ
ƺ̫թֻһµݰ
ȻˣǾ͡
Ҫܶ, ۼҲϴˡỲɫʮֵȻˮе´ԱߵĿ, ҨˮˮУЩˮ
һͷ, Ỳ޳´ϸεδˮšɡ뿪Լ˫һ, ˿ڡ
ĬĬվһߣỲ⽫ϴ´š, ڴµĺϡţ紵ںϵ´ػš
ѸջĿ, С˵ǡȥ緹
˵꣬ĶӰܳңȥ
Ȼ, ỲγŵˣĳԴöȺγϸ׼һϴϴϴǸҲӦЩʲôźá
˳ȵط̨ȼŻ𡣹ѾŶˣڵӹǵıԵ϶ܡ
뿴ʲô󿴿ҿҵ̨ϵĨĨۣʹֹֻ֣ҲһĨ۵÷ŸԶĨӵϡ
ˣ֣̽ĨȥƹǡСأվ̨Զ쳤˸첲´ӹܷ϶֡
Ѱİࡣ
ҪʲôỲվڳſڡ
һƫҲأһǴˣײ˼ӡҵ⣬ײûθͣͷˣæַ˷ȻЩ˼˵ҾšҲʲô
ֲһ䣺õģʲô衭
Ỳߣ˳ӽ˽İ࣬˵ǡ
æ
ЩæӦһá첽߹ȥ̨ǽһĵϼϷңһľϺеĸӷ鿴ĵϡ
һװŰɫϸϵĹڹޣҪݸỲ⡣뵽ʲôָմһϣŽг˳
̵ģΣ
ա
æι޷ŻȥַһһͬװŰɫĩĵϹޣָͬճһ㳢һ
ģǡ
ŽǵݸỲ⡣
Ỳ⿴һŵָͷŽǡ
Ỳûٰʲô飬ãȻվڳҲ֪ԼЩʲôԳʵ̫İˡûɽĿỲϡ
İ໹ҪٰһỲڴµİԣв˿ġ׵ġ̵Ĳ˺͹ϱ޳ָѹţһֻյ価гϸ˿
ڰϵиգʮ롣
߹ȥŰϱгɺϸĲ˿˿ޣû뵽ӡĵá˵ɣӡǰʱԼ³𣿡
Ỳ⿪ʼжİ׶ĵ£ৣиñ
šһƵ˵ûɡۼǰ˹ǡƤжˣȻá岻ͬλиͬиͬʳķҲͬ
۾ﻳŵݵỲ⡣Ỳ⻰ϵЦݽ
ƫƫỲ˵֮󣬲ЦĶûͣ˹жʹ۾ţгÿһƬɱ
գ䵶һ½һ£
ỲЦεؽЦҲǣЦҲǡ

ʱڵԺ˵顣
ҹʱھֵ˶֪ûǶ֣ܺܲܽһԺǽǽ͵ʱ龰͵˸߰˰ˡ͵Ǽٽھ˵һ飬ھѾˡ
Ҷ˸
ڿࣺ㶯ˣ˰ɣ
һСЦӻ˲ʲôҪÿ˶𵽵ףͽ˦ˡ쿴ۣµͷඣ
ҽеĽһģߵ˵˵ûаǣƾˣ˾˦ôˣƾʲô˾Ϳ檣Ҿ͵ôһգۣɼܰ
÷ԺǽǵСϣһྐྵӶһСֹ檣֪СϱҲҪġһһ룬ʲôڵģԼڸ
÷Ǳֹʲôأǲ˵һ
ˣ
Ժֵ˶վɫҲ֡
ңʣǸɾװưͣ
ǰ׶ˡ
Ѱ˵ѺڿǴӡƽƽѹ裬׬ӹǳһˡ
Ժʵӵĳ϶ϲɫ
һ۸Ժķټ˵Էһʰҹ뿪
תݣһֱߵԼ˯ݣǽҵһƿšԭ滹һСҡ
һ.Ск˯ҵխϡ
˳ھѺڣʲôҪ񣬶һˡ
ϣ˳ھֵѺڣҹ뿪СԺԭ˵ңҲԴΪأֻǶ࿴һ۸ڵԺ䣬ȻսеĽھֵһ뿪
ԭỲڶϴȴΪ£ֶͣһա

ѲøʹԺеĳϣʵϼҪ뿪뿪򵥵ѰСԺֲ
ͷӿŵĴվỲ⡣
һ֮ǰһֻŸɽСԺ͸Ỳ⡣ûüдʲôỲŻ˻ΣϷƵģŸűȼˣ˻ҡ
ʲôʱߣʡ
硣
ͷعͷͷĻơһתͷỲ⣬ʣǽϳʲô
ûỲشһ䣺ϳʲôš·ʱҪ׼ĸɶ׼ˣ
Ỳ⽫дõŸϵͲŸŷɣȻƳȥתתֱ˵
۾Ц

ڻ˽ֱ¶İӡ׷ۡ⣬Ǻ«Щ֮ǰúܲɾĶ
ѰնԵģôӦҲԳԣŶԡ
ҪʲôỲƳɡӵаСʺģ
ԱˡȻԽֽǼҵĿѼʵǳԲȥˡ
ǰһСӵĿ
Ұӣӣûлˡ
Ҳ֪ŵʲôˡǿû״̫ˡ
ɲ𣿶ûļȥ˵ʬ屻гһһģ̫ˣ
ҲôɰĺӣôСû˸ס
˵ۣǰ澭顣СޣĵؿšһߣҲһģһ
֮ǰڿջʱ򣬴Ӵƽе֣Ск˵
ỲƵءšһű̧ǰߵĹľ
̾˿Ƶ˵֪˭ô
Ỳ̧̧ۣƳüͷ
˭ô
ۼҰ
ỲЦЦ⣺ûȥˡ
ỲȥȻһֳȥˣΪһϵˣȥȡ
Ỳ֮ԺߵĺɫһȥɫȥĥỲȥʲô
ҵĽŲ˼˳
ޱſظеļҶˡ


79 
, ΪǸھֵ˻ˣֱЩ˿ʼš
סڿջʱ򣬵Сͷ, ϶ӶšʱɫѾİԺţôᡣ
ޱȵòͷˣţ
վԺǽ, ˫ֱһв˵խߵԺǽ, һľݣͨľʵԺǽһСԺЩŴ֮ǰ, շѾؽŲ
Ȼˣխƴ, ǲľԽǽ²ߡԼ֪֮
Ūʲôˡ
Ժȼʯ, Ĵ޸ҶҲŻѣԺյõƻͨ
ɨСԺ, һۿ˴Ĵޱ顣
Ŀֻڴޱһ˲˲ԼƬԺзӶܿ첶׽˼Ӱ, ޱӰӡ
ϾֵĽͷɽ˺, һȴеס
ϾỲƸͣԼ, յض˶šǸӣ࿴ۡ
ϲ飬ŹĿı¡ʵ, Ȿ²Ƕ飬ʶҲǡ
һĹһǳ˼ҡϴżҶڵش뵽һ߶ŵӡ
ҵӰǰ
𰸺֮
ϳޱһɲǣѾһͨˡʱЩǰеĽŵȻ޴棬ǰȥȿʣʹλԱҵǧ𣿡
ޱ鲻סڵشץˣԷѵӦſϸ˳ªްη塣
ޱ͵͵ªձһˣݵġʵ̫ˣһĿªŮӣΪλõһɾޱһǺ棬һõԵŮȾָŪˣ
ô֪ĸǵٵģ
Ц
ޱ⣬־ԼôʲԡÿؼǧͨɿѰŮܱȵģ
ߡޱŤͷ˳ؼǧͷ
ߵļҶƣȻǿش޴˵ǧ𶼲ʶ
ͷ˵ԭĿءԼȥ˾ɡ
˵ʲô뻰ޱ齿üһ
𴽣Ŵޱ飬˵Ϊ㲻ʶô˲ÿеˡ
ޱǰָỲĥĻﴧỲݡ
ûи˼ʱ䣬Ŵޱ۾ֱ˵𰸣޹￴еɾ˾ӡ̫࣬Ỳ⡣
ޱˡ
ðΣŵɴ۾ָ˵
ܣôΨһһζĵɾôǡǡǸˣ
ûк˵޹ؼ֪ˡ
ޱԭأЩҶ㿴ҿ㣬ֻỲ֣˵
㡢˵ޱ߳ŭõˣôǸˣܵģ
ԽỲ⣬ҵỲ⡣
ޱ˴뵽òɾϲ⡣Ҳòɾòܲ˶ԷǸͼˣķģԲܸһˣ
˵ޱָŭ￴еôǸͼˣ
ŴޱĻͷһĪỲЩôޱ˵ȥˡ
⣬ˡ˵
Ժ˶˳Ŀ⣬תͷԺſڣ´Ỳ⡣ϼţľỲ⣿
ỲԺţȺ߹ȥ
ԭһӭȥߵỲǰȥ֡¶ǺܵͣǸմһ
ỲЩƳһۣŲȴûʲôͣǣǰߣ߹Ժ̵ͨש·Ỳͣʱת䵭ĿɨԺˣƵؿڣﲻߣǴ׳ƤۼƤͥԺ
һڣԺڵ˾Ļ˴롣
޸ļҶġԾɲĻɣԼޱûǲòͣԭأһضỲ⡣
ܡԲܵġޱҡͷƶԲԣߣ˵ͼ࣬ôܡ
סڣģҲˡ
ỲⴹۿЦһսĶ䣬ʲô˵ʵе˾ǵͼĶ
˵Ҳ˵ˣ̧ͷ۾Ỳ⡣ݣͷһ붯˽̣ȥ졣
úúáỲ˻֣ɰʯƽ𣬳Ŵޱ鼰ȥޱ죬Ҫ˵ͳһɰʯޱ˵һ仰ɰʯԺڵЩ˾ԺԶ
綯֮Ժعغϡ
ааỲ⣡аỲ⣡޸һҶҺתܡ
Ļɢһ㡣
ޱڵϣŹϵԺšΣסԼʼޡôһϲôǸͼˡ
Ժڣ
ỲЦ˲ΪԱۼҵŻˡۼҵŻˣԼˣ
صĹԱ֪ûʵ۳˴¡
ʱỲΪʲôҪªİ̺ճϣƫƫԼڡ
һ룬ˡ
ȥһУɴ棬ƽڴＫͷ¶棬ֻҪʵ۲ȥ˼ٰڹȥ
ỲⲻС
û洬£˶֪յعԱҲǼỲġ⼸һһûӹعԱۡصĹԱ޲սľʵڶľٶҪ˶ÿؾҪ֪ԼŮ˻ȻҪԼŮ޴Ϊһ
ʼգֻһ
Ỳָ˲գʣʲôأ
ỲɫԴޱЩ⣬ˡƿỲ֣һһ˵̧䣿û㽫ӡñİΣڲˡ
˳ꡢ˳ꡣ
һ㶣̧ۣͿ˳˳ǰ˹ǰϹϾʰ򰲡
ҧ
ԭỲһʼڰˡͲֻˡˣˣȻȫ
Ỳյ࣬˵ۼҵͷıۼôİΣڲˣ
Ƶģʱ䲻ϲỲٴƿỲ⣬תȥ
Ỳӻ֣Ըˮ
ǡ˳˳Ӧһ̿첽ȥ
߽üɻתͷỲ⡣ʣ˳˳ȻһֱţӡΪҪԼˮ󷹣
ỲЦЦߵӣ¡һ裬Ƶغţû𻰡
ϸỲɫ
Ỳ⽫еˣ֣鲻Ըس߹ȥԼϡ
ʲôأỲĶ⣬ۼûн鶼Ѿͷҹ飿
۾
Ỳ⽫ѹСϣʣ˰ɣ˾ۼҵĲǡһۼҺúźԡϴ뿪
̧۾Ỳ⡣ʣ˵ӡ˲𣿡
Ỳ⵭Ȼıش
ỲԽǻȻı飬Խζ˲⣬Ǳöˣൽľˡ
Ỳ⣬°ʹỲļϣ˵ٲһϦԸü𣿡
Ϧҹ˺ЩԸ޹ءһйصԸü
ⶼˡҲ̫ЩỲͷǻڣԸա


80 
˺µĴֻ, ߵĹÿ޲ľսĻʺ͵͵뿪֮±˷֣Ỳ뿪·ϻԲôů˯̤ʵ
⼸գѲ֪̾Ϣ˶ٴΡ
ԲŴ½, ̫ҽʺƽˡ
ҽĵջ˽տ
տ˴ʺס, ųµҲﲻԾ, ʺ￪ڲʲôֵ顣ǵվŴһװĳʱ, ס
ΧߵļŮ, ΨӰ
վЩεؿڣ̫ҽ, ʺûиһϴ
տ
뿪֮ǰµġ
̫ҽÿնᰴչƽоɼ, տƽǱƵҲǲ뷨տ֪, ơ
ԥһǾð, Ըտ
ٿڣӵʱ·ϵ£̫ҽæڡ
ð, տһ
ʵģһ䡣
ףּܲ
ֻ, տ뵽ҩϻǷš
Ƿ⣬ǧݹš
飬̫ҽµ
ڴĲعæЦӯӯտȥ
տ߳Ĵավڴͷˮ˻۾Ų˵ɫ
ȥˣ
ǡỲ
տ˺ӰߵȺǰֺܶƬεĻ档ǳߵỲ⣬ҩĶȥỲɣֻģֻẰỲֵģҲỲİɣҲӦỲ׷Уɱֻİɣ
տڴͷںһŲŴľصԼĴϡܿͬˣ߽Լסһţװ̵Ӱ߳ʣɽŴˣ
տɫؽҩϻ£˵ˡ
ǡ˵ʲôȻ
տͷϵҩϻѰˣûеš
еʧһ˵ӦõġĴȷӦýЩ
룬ֺαطǱ봬ӣŸտ
ȴЦЦüԵúš˵޷ġżʹ䵽Ҳ޷
뵽ֻܿǷţü֮ѵȾ˼Ц⣬˵䵽УֻһŰֽ䣬ֻҺǰֽԳּ
տȻһ˿ӵʣӴʱ´´ι´ʱ򣿡
ϵıءΪԼסȴû뵽Լһ𳤴󣬴δֿá
ٰܲһæ󣬡һ档ұ֤㣬ûиڴϣľ롣ȥһ棬Ҳ˵ֻԶԶؿһۣ
տҡͷҲܡ
򣡡ƿ°ڣֱտǰңԶԶһ֪ۡúõġ
տȭɿۣԾһ˵ΪסйϸֻԼܽȥûд˽ȥķӡУҲðˡ
տ˶٣ٵοڼһۣ֮ãȴΣձá
տǰ
ӣûаħߴߣͲҪ

һһαߵĹ
óСϵ£֪ģһֱ̫ãϴ֮Щδ˾ɼܲÿմʱڴ˯ŵġԸˣ̫ҽҩҪÿն˯˲ҩЧԲ˽Ӵū˵ϵ𣿡
ϽŴ
ֻټȥū֪ϵʺʺҲ֪ϵµ⡣ֻ״Ҫÿ˯ԽܽøáϵΪ˻ʺ룬ȥȥԲԣ
ҧ˵Ҿͽȥ
еġҡͷҩѽ˯ԽԽãƫƫҩر񣬺ܲ˯ֻҪһ춯ܽﳳءū澶û
ƵءߡһŤͷߡ
վεҡҡͷ֪ʺΪʲôϣɶȻлʺɡ˵ˡȥΡ
Ϻ۾ƺһȻҲǰߣһ˫ССĶ̸첲վǲģϱڻ
ŻʺҪŻʺãʺĻȥúö顣ְѵ
ûѿ˵СֵĻ
ֱԶˣʰЦŶԲ˵飬û㻹ͦСӵġ
˵θһ󷭹ܵ࣬ŹŴ˺ˮһŻ
ʰǸæ÷֭ݸüʣôܸŻ
˺Щ÷֭θķЩˣŰ˵еδ
Ǹδҩô԰ʰһ䣬ŮŶæҲܹȥæˡ
תŲ۵ˮ棬΢΢
棬ͷһЩһƷǰƮðΣŽͷҴͷָͷڴķϣһһд
һһдһһ顣
ǧذת

ϸŰĶỲҹʱϴ·ûûٳԿͷ
Ķһ٣Ǽյľȡæջ˼¼ĶٴСԺ̣ǰʰңƱزҪʲôˡ
ʲôأỲ߽
һ߼飬һ˵Ͼʰˣܾʲô벻
ˡȱʲôˡỲ⿴˳һۣ˳Ͻ첽߹ʰõİϵãڱϡ
Ỳ߳СԺͣԺ˿
Ỳ˳˳꣬ҪԼˮ󷹣ٳǰڻɣǲǹⰲһ˿֮ãԼҲûǰɣỲС¿Ͽʹ
ˡỲǰ
عȹ첽߹ȥȻؽִỲСۡҪ̧ŲСӵȻ뵽ʲô
ȵȣһȥȡתܡ
Ỳ̧̧ۣϸıӰĿϸ϶ͣһ˲
ܽңû³ߵỲǰֵ
Ỳʣʲô
ûʲôһӶѡĿקקӡ
أỲʡ
·İùϥϣĶһһҷܣõӣͺ
Ỳźϵѹϥϵİϣ˵ò˳ͷֶ͵Űɣ
ôôأͷֶ˭֪
㣡һļ´óỲϣðɣ
Ỳüȷ£һ´ٵƽĸ߶ȣնꡣ
Ϸգȥ
Ỳ̧֣
ۼҵģ˵ۼˣҪصġỲȻס˿ڡֱһסϸ˴ӳϡ
ովȣͷȥͿոճ䴩
ǰ˳˳ݵܿҲ˼ˣ˻񱼡ɽУһ֣һ¡ƥܾᳯһᣬĶ㵹
ӡỲȻ˵
û壬ͷ
ỲȴһԾ


81 а
Ỳ㷭ĳһ, Ծ£Ӱʧ
ģһ, ߬
ǸỲȻаղŻԾ, ˽֪аһտɵȻ¡
ỲһԾĵط, ۾һգգ
ʱסޱ߼ʡ
ֱỲӰ³, ˿ǿĲ
֪طס֦, ôϵȥȥֻܿ紵ȹڡ
⡢ôߵ
һη, ɫȹڴ˰ʱվ˺, ۾Σ˫һֱӽŵһ, ˤȥ
Ỳңңˤ΢΢һŲ, һ͹ȥ
ĿҶڿնһ߷໥ۣһ߳ȥ
ỲԶ, ˤȥĴ㡣յʱҺ̫ߡЩֻˤ۶ѡЩ, ˤ˸첲ȶ˲Żˤ
˼ǧذתʵϲ˲Ϣ䡣
ʹû
ɲݵζԲǼӲĵ档ܵ׹ٶڽ䣬µģ֪ô¡
׹ٶԽԽԼڰա
ͣ
µĶʲô
ͷǰּƬҶ߽Ỳ⡣һµỲ⣬һ߽
ǰȡ
ǰ·̯ģ仭ûеģհȡ
Ỳ˻֣ۿҶɲɢȥۼһĿҶһ˲ءûпٴʧسˤȥ
ȻˤỲĻ
ʶ߬Ỳ½󣬽ŵϸ΢̴Ϣ뿪˲û̴Χ̴ζѾȥܶࡣʱһŵ̴ĵ㡣
Ỳ⣬Ỳȴûڿ
ף΢ۣԶ֣ʸķ
ѹѹŵԼ侲˳ỲĿȥµխԱߵ·ϣܼļ꣬Էбţһӭȳ㣬顣
ͫʶصͺһ
ỲͷһۣȻỲ⺬űĵЦһ
Ҷƽʱѹľ̲סȥѲЩҶסһһǽ
Ȼˡ
ҶûбɶܣǳΪìӭϡÿһƬССĿҶססҶ̼仯Ϊ˻ҽ
Ĵ̿ͣ޲һ亹
˵õа⵽Ѫأ
һĻ
첲һѩ׵Ỳ⳶˳Ỳ⽫Ӹ˵Լ۾ϡ
ỲһۣĬĬӹؽԼ۾סˡɴѩɴϣǰһƬ
ʲôһƬɫỲ
ŵۼҵСˡ
ðΣ֪ԼỲ˵С
ỲⱧźĿҶһȥ˫ֱ̽ϥµ֧ȡ
϶Ȼûһ֧Խڿб۶ϡһһĿҶڵ档ЩҶƾ۶ϡ
ڰ˲Լ۾⡣
ʷҰʷ˵Ỳóϵһ۵Ĵ뿪Щ꣬ǲôܼỲɱˣվλãɵа
Ϊϣûɱ˵ˡ
ҲΪỲаⷴɵҥ𣬽ղŻ˱ɱ֮ġ
ۼҲϲɱˡǷҪԼỲȵΣָӣչ˹ȶȣķ̴ĵ㣬հ˻Ͷţÿһͷͬʱ۴⡣
ỲⴹƳһеȡ
͵ɱˣͦȤζġ
Ỳǰߣ֮ɴ˾¡
ɴȹᴵϣ۾ѩɫһᴹһ˷ļ硣
־һɴʱһѪ³ʺѪһѩɫϡ
Ỳüɫ۵׸ŨصӶ
øɾ㣿

Ỳ⽫Ѫεˣһѩɫɴ֦أٱƵش£µںбϵ䣬ٻ䡣
֮£һСϪȥѵϪ˱šѩ׵ϪˮУˮеʯͷסֹסƯĽŲϪˮͣˢһȾѪγ嵭ֳʧɾˡ
ϪĶ棬ľʬ壬һŮǰտӱ޾˴˳ھеˡѺڣߣΣҲߡ

ỲⱧ˺ԶԶЩʬһʼϳѪʱȳζᴫ
Ỳ̧ƳƳϵơ֮ԻΪãҲ֪Ҫѩꡣ
ǰһϾɵỲⱧȥ˳˳Ū
濴Сã浹Ǹɾ࣬˻ʱ㡣
Ỳ֮Ȥζü˵ѾȲ
ȷüüỲ⣬ʣȥʲô
ỲɫЩ⣬û뵽ֱӽɻʳѵָۼɱ޹
Ҫɱǣôɱ޹ˣһĪ
ỲĬĬٿڣۼҼǵ˵ȻҪɴ˶ûȨ
һ£Լȷ˵ƵĻ
ǡĥһ£Ǵɱʺ󣬰ɵնΪ˾ӡȻӦðɷд͵
ĥһ£˵ɷԣȶθġдˣȻͿ
ðΣỲ³һ䣺ӡ
عˣʣҪƿ⣬ΪʲôҪȥһӣ
ỲƵضŲӣĿڻӡ
㻰أ
ỲⱳּϵһʯͷԼȵģȥ
ԼʶԼʣԵԼȻĿҲȥỲ⣬Ƶر⣺ﵽ軹ҪãչԼûǮ·Ҳʶӡˤˣôźá
ȥỲ⣬ԼǵˤΪֻˣԼҲûߵ衣˵˵šĪ⻰˵òԾôҲȥӡ
ģֲģ
Ǹȥ
ô⣬Ỳ⽫ѪƵݵǰ
ϴκһϸ΢ı仯
һ˲֣üľš̴΢ţ˵ʲôҧ˴ļ̬߳ѹȥ
³ڵĻͱˡ
һԹȡӶֻܰӣӡаҲûѧɣ
Ỳ⵹ǵͷƼٵ˵аһʮһأۼҵȷֻѧھء
ϼơаھضʮһأˣ˼䶼ˡ
룬ͷԼӣҪỲѪ
ȻϲûӣˡԼһͷҲˡ
ȥ˺Լȹڡ
ȹȴʵسקק˿ȴûԸ˺ơ
ỲⴹۣĿϡС֣ؽ΢΢ס
һ߼˺һβ⣺˵Ҫȥĵطȥģ
ҤӡỲȹ˺ˡ


82 
ŵỲ, Ỳ޶ľ˺ȹӲȻٴΰֵݵǰ
˵Цɣ
, ĬĬӹɫСزȥỲ˿ڸѪȻٶΪ
ĬĬỲְ, սỲַ£Ȼֱը֮, ˸¡̧ͷȥ˰ȡ
ཽ, б߹
æСŹȥϡ, ȴùˮʪ¡
ͷؿڣ·Ӳˮ, ʲô˫ѹؿ, ȴܸܵʪһƬ
ỲȻڡ
תͷȥͷỲⲻ֪ʱĳľʵ˲˻תͷ۴, Ỳ⣬, Ż
ʱӵĽŲ
ʱΪ˳˳ˡһ, ֪߲˳˳ꡣʹ꣬ôҲĽŲ
ѲҪɱỲˣɫسỲŲŲ, һЩ
ŽССȥһӡһλ԰׵һӣʮߵи߰Ск
һӵ˿еỲ⣬һ¡Цſڣܱ꣬꣡
һ˽ϵˮѰ˸¡ûãСӿʼԹжෳˡȻ￪ʼһûһ˵
СҪȥĻƮĶСͽһӵ˸š
һסھԶСӣƽʱӪһҰɵصһطٿ˽еĽ㡣һ˲úõŮ͹ȥ۸Ҳǲ𵱵صĹԱֻ÷Ӫʮӣȫҹ뿪С򣬴㻻ط
˴ҡͷѹ
˵㲻ҪǶһˣ
ө۾õ֣ǧں䡣
ǰһֱԹⳡ꽫һ˽СкȥϵĲͷڳЦ˵ģҳҲٶʱܱˣ
ͷȼŵĻ棬Щ
˺͸һӡڽϣ˳֣˵ǳھֵܽĸһоࡣʹ۵Ӳ࣬ɱϾѪŨˮ
ֲ뵽˼ˡعԱѹգγǳ͢ĲΪãûгʲôͷ֮¸Ѱա²̫ƽѰգеĺܶˮС
ⱩüȥҲ졣ʱ㼸ЪˣֻΡһԼŸ·Ҳ곹ͣ뿪С·
֮ȼŵĻ
ỲƳʣϹĥʲô
ãõỲΪῪʱ˵ǰʮڹ뷿´١˼ҼˡǺ洰ʲôӵģҶöö飬Ӻ嫺鼮ʶءģɽӺĴ鼮߳ģ
ͣһ£ٿڣ϶ƭ˵ġʲô̫.ƽʢƽҹջ·ʰŶƭ˵ġҴӷ߳ȫһ
תͷỲ۾ʵΪʲôأһԼķʢ𣿡
ᡣֻҪۼһţͲһ졣Ỳһ¶ȶûС
̫.ƽʢƽҹջ·ʰţ£йԺҲУǴԶܡ
֮еĴ𸴣Ỳ׿˵л̲סȻȥǲóֵʧͷ
ۡ
곹ͣˣµȴԾɵεδ
ŲԶϵһʯͷǿʯͷϣմһѪջߣĿƵỲ˵ϡ
ܵԼϵĿ⣬Ỳ̧̧ۣĿ⣬¶ѯʵ˼Ȼǰһ̻һȻʧСʺβչ¶Цա
ЦʱֱҪ
Ỳ⡰һˣʲôС
չȥǣỲĴǡ̧۾ỲӡףȻճǧĵЦ̡
Ỳ°̧ͣ͵ȹӾˣ
û𻰣Ỳ°͵֣֡۾һ޳ָȻỲַӣϥϣȼŵĻ档
ỲüŷϥϵϸӰɽִϡ
ֻҪţͳɲ̫.ƽʢ
ô²أ
ָ̧֣ȥϸָỲָ죬Ỳ£ʮָۡ
ǵһðˣ빬һֱͱڱԵÿһߵľսһСĵȥʬ޴³ٶһ
ȻΪʢ裬޳
ôΪβһԽΪ
ο䲻бĵ
ԶȾѪʯͷ䴽
ǿĵ˶л㡣Ѿˣ
ỲƷϸ΢Ѱ̧̧ۣԶϵʯͷ
Ŷԭ¶˰
Ỳü̶Цһ
֣ôء
Ỳ⸩ҧҧĶ⡣˫ۣշתĥҧ

ʮһգỲ
ͣڳỲȴû
˳˳ػͷȥֻԼӳ˽Ӱӡ˳˳æջĿ⡣
Ỳϸѹ⣬ۺáصͷ˵иСɾģˡ
һֱϵĳª̺˺ȥˣȴһ˪ɫжװһѹõͳڣСүˣ
Ỳ죬Ƶ˵ࡣ
̫ţƿţȥ˳˳ꡣ
˳˳ͷ˴ſ˽ĸ˼Сүֻʵֿ̫ˡ
ȷỲ߽ȺĿ⡣ЩĿ⿴̫ڡŮʱЩĿ㹻ðƫƫڼٰ繫Ӹ
̲֮࣬סڻЩŮװĹ¡
ôŻһ㣿
ܣỲȣæỲžһչȣǰƵš
ỲЦյߣ˵տûӵʱˣ˧ͷˡ
һ˸æȺϣظỲԼĴĴ⡣
ףŰӾͲˣ
Ỳȫûָָǰ棺ǰڰݻ񡣡
ǻڣطȴ֡Ҽһֹܳڣݼһķ˳
Ⱥʯţ򱻰ռݵĻ
к̷ܶڽš
Ϊ۵ģĪԶɫֽԸ
첽߹ȥµ̯˸ĵСľϣǮ̲ľȥѡĺ߸߹ҡ
ͷƮĺ۾Ը
Ỳɻǵã˵ҪΪһԸûǰڼϵѡҡκԸ
۾Ỳһ߳ȥһ߿ڣʲôԸ
罫֮ҵĺðȥͷܿζĺỲ۾Ըܸаˡ
ỲЦˡЩ֮Աǵ˼Щˣµ޷а
ߵǰǣ֣߰ɡ
ȥģŲԶС̯
ҤӰҪȻΪθ㴩װ
סˣỲ˵ģ


83 ¥
˳ӵ, Ỳ⣬ȺСܿ죬Ỳ߽һֵĽʮ, ֻǰֵȫͬ
ϣүôŹǴһֱأ
λͷɣ㱣׼ƽⶮŵģ
ǵĹò, ͹Ĳ𣿡
, һڣ
УǮȥβǼ, Ƕǲ۶

Ỳˣץխ䡣
һź¥, ¥֮ءüʩĹǣ˸ȹװ, վǰͣƾ, »ӡ
ֵš
Ỳⲻգһ֣ŮǵĽЦӵ̸Ц, ǻڡ
Ỳʲô̲סСʳʲôŮӣֲܡ
, Ҳܡ
ЩɵߵỲ⡣
Ȼ֪ȨƵĴ̫ȢޣһЩ۵С̫жʳỲǰûŮ, һֱûСȤҵ淨
ҲӦô
ĪҪѧѧŮŪ飿šüͷһ¥¥Ĵһµļ, ¥¾֣˳Լ½¶ĶǶǶһ㣬ֽϣõسֵس¥µֽۣӶȥ
ٺͷȻ֮ǰΪ˺ôûûƤعʲôΪǵķ֣Ҳһ㶼ģ
˼룬ȻһѰȥһϸСһ¥ܳǼ¥ĴǣŹӣֵ׷
Сһ߿һ߻ŵ
Զߵʱ򣬻ζĵ
һӽг֣ө
өҾ˺Լ֣ΪԼˡתͷȥովˣûϳŮװȴһϳỲ⡣
ǰб꣬űƿөỲһɲǣ;˾ɶ࿴ۡ
òڵˣߵ˶࿴ۡ
׷ԽԽөھǿԼ侲֪Լ˦ЩˣһץȥⱲӾˣ˲Ϣ䣬˸󵨵ľ
תܻȥỲűߣ󣺡Ӿөţˣ
ٵؿͷͷڵĳѪ̧ͷȴǰɵĹɫˮһۡ˼תתͷվỲߵ
ŮװөмŮװԼµŮװ
Ů˼ҵǸ
өתĿ꣬еǰסȡˣǹӣөڶĳƺԥһ˲ſſڣˣȾҰɡˡҼɽˣˣֻһ˻ˣֱ°ľȾҡһ׬ǮģһŬ׬Ǯպ󱨴
׷өѾϵˡ
ҪǮڡ
׷ө´Ỳϵ·ƳǮˣ˵ѾͷģãǵﻨؽġСɾҪǿˣôҲһ
өһɵˡץɽ˽ʱ򣬷˶ӣ
ûǮ
קקỲӡ
ỲƳָƸȣûʲôӦ
ֻѹҽĺòãỹġ
ۿЩ˾ҪөҲỲ𸴣ԼȥĺɰûôӣֻƱө
ɽөû뵽һղһת׬ô࣬ƱֺǺǵˡ
ө̱ڵء˲౯ӿͷ̲סʡ²ǿ޵ʱ¹űߣصл
ɡٹˡ˵
ÿնڷÿȲɣỲ⿪ڡ
өỲԼٱŵصͷ˵ĶԻԼˡ
֪ɵײˡ۾֪һܸʲôȴı䱻µһ
ķƺУ۾ỲЦ˵һ·̫ȱŮˡ
ۼźòˣ
ǲһŵζҲѽ
өỲ⡰ۼҡԳƣͷһ𣬽ţ£˵ū澻úŮһź
˵·һֱǰߣʯţῴһϳʮС꣬˵ȥŵġ
ǣө˵·ҹȥ
Ŷ֣ȴļˣֹجج˺Զ˵ܵԼӹһ١

ỲĴ߽һ¥ǰһ۸ġ¥ҡ
ŮӵĽЦϡ
ľսƿ·ÿһ׹һӤȭͷСЩĴ˰ڼ׹߲ĵطÿ׹ŵĴ˶һɶ࿴һۣŷҵİϴŵģŮòͬƵСˡ
ỲƳһۣʣϲƣ
һ˲֡ЩصỲ⣬ʣʲô
Ȼǰ¡Ỳǣ֣¥
ǻڣ¥ĵطҲƽֺܶࡣ¥˺ܶ࣬ﻨﲻ֪ȥдûỲ⡣
Ỳǣ˶¥§§ȺֱߵȾͷһ䷿Žȥеǽ¡
Ƭ֮ǽڻһš
һỲ˵µġ
Ỳǣߵң˹صһСӡһˡ
ỲⷭСɨۣͽˡ
Ҳɨֻۣ֪Ƿÿһҳдһ֣סַ顣ŹֵǣÿԱ߶иš
˶Ỳǣ뿪
̲ס߶Ȼǰ£ӡԼͺˣΪҹ
Ỳĵ˵ΪۼһҲ᲻뿪ޢޢ
һ䡪ɵӲĹ

ʱûӭỲȥʱȴײš
ϣôôεɾҾûпϣϷϿʼˣɲܴ
нỲ⣬С˵߰
Ỳȴ¥£Ըż䡣
֣۾һ̽ż
żŶ¥ĻƾżڣԿһ¥龰
ʱ˿̣һ¥ŻϷ
ĿˣӵǡӵʱĿˣΪʤߡ
ʤ߿ȥʮյỲ˵
ŹֵؿỲ⣬˵㶮õ١
Ỳָ߹ҵĺ첼дϷƵ˵ʶ֡
ҪڣĸŽ
ĸˮ㣬ֱỲ˹æվԭڶỲ࣬¡
ڲЦϣСĪǸҪôнſ˲ܿ
ǰһһƿҩϵľƱ
ʲôü
ȻСӲپнҩʹ˸ɫתȥˡ
ҩǰ˲õļ仭档
ỲóƱĵϣ˵һһţǮ̳ȥ
ĸǮۿЦǮߡ
ڰ˿Ỳ⣬ʣӡû𣿡
ỲϾƱ
ȻʣҲۼ𣿡
ʲôãȻ⡣
Ȼ㵵ؿỲǳһŹֵĻȡǷϲҩľƣԼˡ


84 
Ŀɿڴ, ðûع
λ͹áҪҪʱк¥ĻŽϹСʳ
ͷĻƳһ˫̶, СһȦһֱỲƣæЦؽһ䣺ҪСɾź, ҲеŶ
βʮ䡣
˵˻ҪſƵصת, ٵỲ˵ɨɨȥ
𣿡Ỳʡ
ͷһ£ʣʲộ̵ģ, ǿǻûԹ͹Ҫʵ, ǵзӡ
Ỳ˰֣ȥ
¶ٷԸЦǺǵųȥ, żŹϡ
˵ż䣬ʵһСĸ, ΧνţҲ򵥵úܡϣ߹һ, ϵһߵϡһŷԵĳʡỲʱ, Զǰ˽Żλ, Ỳš
ԵĵطһȴԿһ¥֡, ΪⴰƳƻ״ЩɡϸһŷⴰƳƻ״Ρ
͹ϹĵѾȥܾˣѲٶỲơͷĿϵˮż۽ǵƳỲ⣬۲ɫ
ҩҪҩЧҪһʱɣ
ǵõǹӾƣǶ϶ʮգСºŷЧġǹӾȥҩʮټ¥ĵطӦòôϡҩɣ˵ﵱǵˮŶǿ϶ҲϣҩЧܿ췢ãڵ
ġ
ٴ͵͵ƳһỲ⡣
ͷ޳ָƵתȡ
ʵҩӡа취ģ԰ɣС̽ʡ
Ỳûһɫδ㣬಻𻰣ԾƵתȣżһӣ㲻
ҧҧƵ˵ӡǺαء
֮䣬ҪܲΪֱ
żȫڵżﴫֲֹ֮ڣ¥ÿһطƮֵĻ֮
Ỳ̫ûе㼱ˣỲתŪȣʣӡʲô
ת
ҩЧỲȻͣĶһţӺпţȻĿĿʼҩЧá
㣡߷ȻǱĻƼ޻˵
ʱ仺ߡ¥µϷͣ˰Ϊ˻СϷȡ֮ãӮãҲ޷Ŀ͹ٶЦŵģ§Żˣֱ¥ϵķ꣬ȥ̽ȤζϷ
Ỳ޳ָ½ƵɿһЩ
ͷһ
ҩЧʼ
ǡǡҪô
ţĿỲȻ۾ЦҲ֪ǲԼĴβһĨ졣
һƬӣỲ۾ȴ֮䶼ֻԼȻ
ԸԸΪ黳жʱġźԣҪźź
߬½ǣǱԼȥ䡣
ôģ
չȥȥ
ǹôΣǵǣÿһζ˵һ㶼ѡ
Ȼأ
ôģ
Уѧ֮ǰĶ½󳶿һЩ¶һö䣬Ȼƣǡ
֪ĸżĿ˵ӣɤתس޴ʣת롣룬󵨣ֱڽô
ֻҪС˫糺졣
ԥһ£̧СỲָͷϣֻҪһͿԽ⿪
ỲȻסֹ֣һĶ
С̽ͣûټǰԶıܻ䣬Ҳǽմ˾ǲ
ֺαԼǹҩ
ĻƺΪỲ⣬Ỳͷۣס
ô죿
ŵԼ
ȻỲ֣վ߳ż䣬ſڴˣ׼õķ䣬죡
͹Եȣϸõķ䣡
¥ĻĴſ˻Ŀ˲֪ʲôʱẰҪϷǺ¶׬Ǯѽ
Ỳ̧۾̶վſڵıӰޱ飬۵Ҳûа
ֳ˳ǣЦһ£ûʲô¶ȡ

ܿ찲źãĻƸỲ·¥ķȥỲ˵ĴһͲˣοոƱӳȥĻֱӽȥַ
ƽͽ䣬ʮתҪߣȴ˺סˡ
辻ֵˮԸ
ˮܿ͹ſϴּͭ
˵ﺰ
һΪǿ͹Ҫˣ˵Ҫ㻨ģϽȥˡʱ͸˹
λ͹¥ĹҲϤҪʲôĹĻǷģ޵ĻģĻǳߡ
ֱӴĻҪոƱﵹҩ
һ㶣´ѲСλүСĶ
ѽֻҪַ˴ѵӣ㲻Ҳν
úúãСˣõһƿ˸ոոλ˵һ㣬ʣºЩأֱӽƿҩֱӵݸ
ӹֱӽŹϣְѷ
Ỳϣŵü
ţתûֱӳỲ߹ȥߵϴּԣҵİŲһԣԼɾӴ档
ȻųỲ߹ȥһ裬СƿĴ.ҩˮࡣ
ỲЦһôۼ̫ӶѣҪۼҼӵҩ
˻β豭ҩڽˮ
ƵõỲ⣬һȻһͷỲע£ҩĲˮԼˡ
Ỳס
ϵǵЦ
¿ղ豭ָ˲մ˲ˮǣȻ󳯷رĴ߹ȥֱڴҲỲ⣬ĿõŴ˵ӡ£ǡԵڵҩҲʼҩЧҼǵ֮ǰǹӾƵãģ˵ڶʲôǵˡҩӦҲвЧɡ
ȥЩڡ
ĬһƵٲһ䣺Ҳǵõġ
Ỳſڵϴּܣ֪ԭĲùܵĽԼӴ
Ỳתͷ˫ֽǰ߹ȥվڴߣӸµ
һַۣɿջߡ
ỲⴹĿβŵͳڣﲻǼ屻ҩٿصĸоϻԼȥ¥
ش⣬ֻС˵ӡйǣ֮ǰ˯Ѩҳ׻˯ȥ
Ȼ󣬱㡣
Ỳǰϣָڷ
뵽׼Ҳܵ˵ţỲɨһſڵľ衣
˫糺죬ҲȡΣ׾Сӻһֱͦġ
ǡỲЦһҧҧտʼ̵Ķ
ۼˣ.ҩۼҸûãỲҧгݣȻ벻
סˡŵ۾Ỳ⡣
Ỳ̧̧ۣӡ
ĿԣỲ۵׵
һ˲䣬ƭίϮƫƫҩЧʼá߷Ỳһѣתȥ泯ࡣ
һģߡһƬģſǽϾŸƵϷͼĿ


85 
ỲԸ, Ϊ׼ˮϸ˫֣Ȼڼϵ, ϵˮա
Ỳͷһ۱ڴϵһֵ߽սУһ߳߹ȥ, ˴ᱧתߡ
ҪȥĶȵ
˲ôְɣǡֹıܻ, ҩ벻𣿾ߣ
Ỳû˵߳, ֱ¥ȥ
ӭˣ͹ҪˣַûǮ
ϡ
Žȥ, ַϵƱŷĵЦˡ
ỲⱧ¥, ֵȺһ¥ĻոŨѾ˸Ϸ۾, ȺΧ룬ǲԽԽĹĵת裬תһվȲĹ, ԼѡĶ͡ǿѡͷһؿԹԼѡ, Щк
һתû˷س˺ֳһλʱһֱ, Ҫˣæȥţһ߽, һŸ˴ʡ
۾
زʶĿ˶֪һҪˣƫƫǰһ̻Ϊĵ̫࣬˿̱뿪¥ĸܣ
̫ˣ
ԺҲҲҪˣ
¥Ĵţһƫȵġһһײζ档ȱ嵭һЩʮ侲˵ӡ£Ҫȥ¥Сɾȥ
ỲͷƳһۣ̲˵Ǵ࣬ɵޢޢ
Լո˵Ļͷִڣ⻰С΢ţˡ
忡ɾ
ϧŸСӣá
·˵۴У֪˵Ỳ⡣ԥһ˲䣬Ỳţֻ¶ѩ׵ľ
ỲⱧֵĽУ߹ʯţֱߵԡ˳˳ǰ棬өվһԡƥĵҲȡ
өȿỲ⣬æӭȥŷԸ
ϣỲⲢûаŽֱӽϡ
ʶס֣µȥ
Ỳ⶯ɾؽƥȻԼֱۻס֡һ䡰ȻԺӡﳤȥ
·˶࣬ٺ˽⣬һһ·񱼡ҵĵֱ£δɾ۾ʲôҿ
㵽Ҫȥ۾
ХķỲⲻ¡
в
Ỳ뿪Сһ·ȥɽ·ɽȥɽ·ߣһ·Ҳˣٶ󳤳Ȳڲһɽߡ
ڸ۾ˡ
һ·Сɷףƫƫβ˫ջŵ糺졣ٶҲСĽƽ֮ҩЧſʼٴľҩЧ֮ǰȵĹӾȫͬǹӾƼʧȥԿʣʲôҪ¥Եҩȴֻǹһ컵Ĵġ
ɫҹҲᡣỲ
תͷȥüỲ⣬ײĿ⡣ЦЦʣﲻۼЩʲô𣿡
֪ոճҩ
ʹҧ˴ֺܿɿӡڽϸ֣ʧһ߬ǰˣһ߬Ỳ½ȥ
ԶŻӦ
ɽ·᫣Եѧ壬ⲻĵšţỲĳݣϸ΢ʹ
üϲСĿĵʹỲָ½ȥ
£Ĩ
ЪϢˣֿʼɽ·
пỲţ΢ۣͷҹĻ䲻£ȴúܣȺҫĵ£һӯӯ¹⡣
ϵȻѣ⣬䡣
Ỳ˦ָϵˮգȻŽ£ϡ
·漫ǳ̴㡣ɽСȥôԶܿСĵƻ֡
ʱǺ¶ӰԶƮŵһյյƣһƬۺá
ָָƮŵĻơ
Ỳת˷򣬳ƮŻƵĺȥ˵źӱߣߡ
էʱỲһСͥԺģҪסգټ̡
ϵתͷŶʵǰסҹĻ˺׹©۾ЩӦĹ۾һתߡ
ө˳˳֮󣬸û˯һֱšúǱ£ȻҪϵĶץȥөæܳӡȷỲˣĥһ£ԼӦûЩææ׼ȥˮȴ˳Ѿˮպˣȥ˳Ѿ緹
˳ЦЦ˵λǲϲŵġûԸԸģ¾ͳɡӺԵĴڡҲһȥʱ̾ţʱ̸ȥǰŷԸܳ
лѣһסġө˳ȥվ⡣

ڴߣΧỲ·Ỳ֣⳯һšüС˵ȥϴ֡
ʲôëۼϴˬ
Ťһ߲ȥ˵ˣҪ˯
˵ţֱϴ泯۾ʼ˯
ȷˣԴûãͳ˯ˡ˳׼緹Ҳһڶûüԡ
һֱ˯ʱԺѹһѹһȴȽˮϴ˸衣
ˮ۾Ʋ֡
ỲŽһûɵӣˣ
ûǺشķϻ
ỲȻоõԴһͺܵ䡣ǴӻʼʱδʱƲ֡
Ỳ㲻ٿڣ
ͷ΢ˮ棬Щڳ˼ҲỲ⻹һԡ
˵ǳ˼ʵҲûܶ顣
ǰǹӾƣȥỲ磽⡣ҩʧ־ڶֻԼǵϵãһżǲá¥ҩȴȫȻģ
ǵãʲôǵá
ÿһϸ΢ǵáǼǵãҩĸ֪øʹ˯һʱֻҪһϸ룬еϸڶޱչǰ
Ըȥ룬šüغһƵһģˮỲϼΡ
̧ۿһվת˼ϵĸɾȥỲϵˮա
ϵˮϸ䣬εδ
ȥỲϽˮ飬ˮ»ԡͰˮУžչĪЩεһԡͰỲ⣬޽ٲˮա
ʹỲ⣬Ҳ֪ĿⶨȻϡӿٶȣܿϵˮϵ·Ĭձøԣһߴ£һߺҸ⡣Ѱʣʲôʱ̣
ϸֱ۴ӣǳ۵ĶԽ°˽Σ߱ڣỲŰ̧ۣ˵ʮϡ
ʲô𣿡̧سȹϣȥϵ
ڷءỲ˵
һعͷһۡ
Ỳǰȥֱϵȹȥ˵ȴ׵Щ
ɫȹأΧĽűߡ
ȴĸʲôϵﷴȴû˵ʲôȥüϵFỲȴһǳ۵FС


86 
өһվԺŷԸ֪Ůһȥԡ, ȻҲ˽ȥ
Ȼ󡭡
Ȼ˰ų⡭ϴˮ͸˰ɣөһֱŷԸһֱûҪˮ
˾ߵʱ, ỲҪִϣȴܿˣСԹ˾ʲôࣿ

, пսө˵仰
өһμųªİ̺ۡϵڶμ, жװŮװ磬өֻһ۱㿴ˡ侹ÿ, ͬŮӵ̲סޡһƳͻᱻò, յ̲סĿüۼ䣬Ȼع, ּææƿߣò̰ض࿴һ¡
өҲ˿޵, վǰνġɫ˲䰵ȥȶ֮, ֻøٶ
өΪԼʧ˸æصصͷ
żɽԺ, ˶ǻˡ
ө˺ð죬˵Ļʲô˼ֲ˳˳ĸоЩֵֹģǡ
ȵȣ
ԺӵҲҲǡ
ôأ
өǰỲ𾪵Ŵ, Ӧˡϣ׶Ỳ⡰ۼҡԳƣΪԼˡµһ, ôǸȱˡ
ȷߴŮЩỲ˳ꡢ˳ƽʱ˵ҲҲסֱӸө֮Ҳ˺ܶ಻Ҫ鷳
ðΣөʣǡˡ
өŪˡѵ˲ˣ˲Ƿˣ˳ƺǰΪ˰
өȻ뵽˵Ķʳ뵽ˣȫš
̹Ȼ䴽չգ˵ǣˡ
өˣһ˲䲻֪ʲôӦϧΪ˭ϧΪǰķϧΪǸʵϧ
ỲŽýһ仰սС
һۣջĿ⣬΢Цө˵Ҫϱȥһ·ϣߵȷȱŮԸ⣬¡˵طȥ㲻ԸЩ̲ھ뿪
өһûԥֱӹ۾˵өļ˶ˣԸһ̷ˣ
ãȥɡ˵
ǡөߣߵỲǰ˸ū
һ·ѰŮɵ˫oйǲǻөȴһˡ
Ỳ߹ĬĬһǴй֡
oй

Ỳ֣ߣӿͷĸ첲ɫ̽е㻳ˡ
ΪĻӶࣿỲ˵
˵ܾòر𣬺ͻʹĵطһеϷӰӡǰӡϲýİɣ
Ǹ¥ЩͷˡỲ
ɼü״˵ҲӡԼ𣿡
꣬Ц
ỲЦЦû˵
һֱһ²⣬oйͲֵƣǸ²ָһ¡
ڶգỲղڼҡѰỲ¥ûСӣɿһ飬ȻСӷŻȥ
£ۣԼĿı£µִͷβһ顣Ȼ󣬿ʼѵѰЩֵ֮ͬ
šڵأŮ֡
Щ˱鲼ڴط죬ȥûй֮ͬ۾СϵݸʱԼҵ֮
ԣҶǲԡЩݵλͬ˹ٵġⷢ˲Ƶģĺİա
￩һ
СϵЩУǵٵģ٣
֪ˣ
һ֧ľӣʿ٣еүүôҲ˵֧Ǻܶǰıơ
ܶǶꣿ
ʲôأ
ȻỲһһг۾ǰỲ⡣
ůŹ⣬۾ҲֻվһƬ׹ůûиůյů⡣
Ỳ
oйͲֵ֮ɺϡ
һ֧ӣںܶǰڹīoй˶
ʹǸʱûгҲԼ֪Ǽ¡
ʹ֮µİձ죬˭Ǽ£֮ɱ֮
ȵ۵ġ֮ۡƣγѪݳġ
̧ڷ׵ĹӰȥỲ֡߬Ỳָ˻Σ˵㡣
Ỳ⸩һڿỲͷʣҪʲô
üûгԵˣǡšرǡ
һ˳ȥ򡣡
۾Цŵͷ㡣
Ỳͷȥ
Ỳת֮ϵЦ˲ɢȥϥĿã΢΢һ˲䣬Ỳĵ˵ۼֲᡣ
ɫʣ
ôأ
£Ѿûˡ
˸¡
Ỳ߽鷿ޱ룬ĮƳһ۳ӣ纮̶ûʲôϣȻ̧̧ۣӿŵĴ
ȻЦһ

ֹվǶʮ壬ԹỲԼЪţҪȥ˳صͷһԡ
Ỳ˳뿪ˡ
өʣ֪ķصض𣿡
ө˵ɽϡӺСֻһصء
ǰ˳ȥľݡľݣСݶ
˳өţͣġ
ݶ泯¡
ʱȻỲ߹ҵӰ
úԶʱỲͿݶϵӰӿŲȥվСԺ̧ͷݶϵʣʲô
ָָϣЦ˵ѽ
һٿš
˫ֻһԲ£ǲ֪ܵȥˡ
Ҫȥˣվſ˫۱ƽ⣬ССŲһߡ
Ỳ̧ۣµ
¹ᣬȴ
Ỳ߹ȥµ࿴ỲһۣЦ˵ӡɫã֪˯һ
Ỳûӻ
۾ϴỲɫʲôʱѪ֮Ԫڵڶգʮ
죬Ƕʮ
ʶԼСʵϣÿʮ壬Ỳⶼ±ܿ
Ϊаɣ
ỲƵؿڣԽԽˡ
ţˣҲˡġƼỲ۽մһ˳½Ҫָȥ۽ϵ˳ȴû뵽ֱӽǸ۽ް
ոΪĽ˳ǹӰҫµӰӡ
ָϵǸ˳۽ޣ㶵ģС˵ҡҲǹġ
ỲƳһۣһƵ˵޷ȫġ

ãȻ⡣
ȻỲⲢ͡
ʱỲ̡һ·ͣͣٽʮʱỲϣٴһСͣ
һ··вˮ̯Ỳڲˮ̯¡Աˣžƣֵۡ
û뵽Ⱦϻʵ۰ˣȻҲȾಡ˵ˣû뵽
ĶҴ棡
ǰ¶С֪ҪôЦǴ룡
¶ʹˣĸ֪Сӣ֪ʵ۵˵ͼ˲ŻõĲ

̯С󣺡λү԰
ޣ̸ȣ˭¶
ȼˡ
¾㵣Ỳ⡣
ЩỲ˵
ơ
ỲЦɫǽĿ.С


87 ΢
Ỳһ, ԥһ£ƺԼһ㡣
ỲƤ, Ƴ
ǰֻȹơƣˮȵġҾƣÿÿζ;òϲ
ûҵ̫, ֻһ㣬̽źһСڡҾƵ̼ŰƴСš
ỲЦЦ, ָԼһ
·߲ˮ̯ľƣȻʲôþơ
˺Щʱ, ÿе΢ȥһ㡣ͬʱһڵĸо
ů, 治١
С庮Ȼ, Щ
ָԼһžƱỲı, źȡ
ôźȾƣỲ
ӲͷƤڶڴ־ȥһ˵ͺȻԡ
һ, ܰ£Զؾ, οһֿ֮ǰΪ岻úܶãҲͬΪϰ˹أһ˻, ҲԼһһΣС
һµС·ڲˮ̯ºȺȲٸ·Сط˻ʶ, Աǰһ̻ߵ̸۽ϣЦشȤ
ϣϱţ
㣬ϱӵϱˡ
ȥȥȥ̧ȢȥϱϲôţСֱ§ϱһ㲻ܻˡǰѶԼϱϲλεдϡ
ϱĨߴصͷơ
ȤļЦ˼֪ƤҲٴȤת˵Ѱļҳ
ջߣָžƱƵתšƱﻹʣһˮš
Ỳ
˵ὫҴţ֪ʵܻ֪ǵĹϵ˵Ĺϵ֮Ĳ
ǣỲǰ۾Ҳǵ§ԶֱͦüĿʡ
ô˵ء
ǰʱܶϸڶˡϴ¥УҩʶˮУպʱײ۾
Щ
ȴԾһƬ
صضƱȴỲס˵볢ԺȾƣϾ¥ȥٺȡ̫ӡ
áľƱ£ԹԵضЦ
ʮ֪ǱȻҪʮ壬ʮŻ̡


ͷڸỲдţ¡
նỲɱʱỲ֪ˡỲ˳ˮֵۣɽϵɱֶỲ⶯֡
ȻɱضʧܡʧܵĴɱֽšỲԽǲӦԽǻ˼룬ʱһȲסʱõĳûĻᡣỲʱ̣׾ٵ
ʵȾϻ鴫Ƕλĺûᡣ
ûþҪˣ²һ޾
ֻһӣƫƫó谮꣬ɲ򡣡
Ỳʹı£ȷǻңˣעܳƵۡhǸӣľ֡
±ʣ˴ϵīīˣžŽͲڸϣӷŷɡ
д֮ǰѾˣͬʱԶԷ֡
ỲⲻɫظλүһѰĽֵȷ˵ãӲʧ֡
ǼȻôȡԷỲƵȻҪǵԸ
ѻ߽ŸӷԶſʼƨӡԶϱߣͰߵס񡢱ѪаλүĹϵʧҲʡȥ鷳λү֣ǣǣ
øƨĵĲԡ
ɵ鷳ˣɵʱɱʮġɵҪɱˣ鷳мڽ˵֡
ӡĿģλүֵ֮ɱ߸Ʒζɱ
꣬Ҫȥ衣˵
ѻͷ֣һ˵ҡ
ЦЦ˵˵ЦˡûаãѾ⿪ˡ
ѻļ
ףƶʮϿ水Ỳ⵱֮⣬̣۶¡ָֻѻǿỲһɵϡ
ͷЩ꣬ͰӭȥỲɵС̫಻١أ֪ĶȥˣǷ񻹻ŶһỲĸɶֻиˡ
ѻȻһ档
뿪ȥ˳ȥ˼̶ԡϲ̶⣬ǲϲԶٿӱޣҲ˴Լˣ͵ҲԵˡ
·һ·̯ƳϰЩҵһۿһɫִ׹źɫСȷСļ˲Ữ֣Žˡ
ֵǮĶǾʺϲ飬ҲӦûϲ
һ̶⣬ִһ·ӱޣȥ衣

ỲصСԺµĳϣƾһ°׵ȹӣ΢΢һȲڳϣ¶ֻСšҲ֪ǲһỲ£ǰΧ
Ǹոԡɹɳаĳ
űڶרעỲ߽˶δ졣
ỲߵýˣŷĳϻһС̳ơ
һڷ䣬еϣֽ̧ƷҴСɵľ̳һСڡ
ľڿǻӣ΢ۣƺһС̳£ٷһҳ顣
һҳûˡ
ſհҳе¡ӹعŷỲվ²֪á
Щ˼۾ʲôʱģ
Ҳ֪ǲǾƵĹϵ˫յɣһִɫ
ջ
ҿ¿ˣȻûˡȥ²òã
Сʱʮ־ȵطӺСȴһЩͷķӣ黹١
Ỳ⡰šһǰסĽƽƽЬӡ

ҵ˽նǸӵ¼ֶ˼źܿҪ裬Ӧøߵ׼ЩСỲ˹ӡ
ϧСĶûʲôܿ۵ģЩʧ
ϴ֮ǰᾭЩĵطʱٸߵĹѡỲȻڡ
ЩȵһۡỲӵʱʲôҲû˵ȻµҪߵЩС
á
û뿪ȥһҩ
СʱǴãÿһʱҪҩƽʱߵȥҩ·ߣԼȥ
Ҫ뿪ʱƳҩƹڿ顪·˺ע
Ȿ飬տ˺þã
һϲæʣƹģԽⱾ𣿡
ƹҡͷУУӶҸǰңҺúѧġ
Ȿ鼫Ѱáƹ˵룬˵ƹɷգպұض黹
ҩ̵ƹҲСˣ˵ȻʣǧҪһ黹
ǿѣܳһٴտ
ǱȻлƹˣ۾ĵл
Ỳɨһ۾Ц

Ỳ⽫ͻȥֳȥһˣм˳ɱһɱ
ڴ£ܳš·˺ע顣ǽ飬չ黹οҲ̫ͣá
˺ܾãֱҹڼʱˣᣬͺһơ
˵֣ԭȲȾơ⼸տʼƣƷһҾƵҾƴů⣬ú
ǵ΢ĸоǲ
ʱʱỲŻ
ҲٳдӭȻȥ֣ʣϳԹûУҪЩ𣿻ֱЪ£
ỲƳһϻδıīֽ⣬Ƴһ΢˫ա


88 ȡ
ԹˡỲ⽫еȷ, ɨһϵᣬȻתȥҡʱѻ, ڴϣǷק´ᣡ
ỲֿһۣϵǱ·˺ע, һҳ֪ȥʱ, ܳ˰ҳ
Ỳͷȥ
Ѿ, һŴһǣڵ۽, ŹǷȻˡ
Ỳ˵Ļ, ˻ȥϨ˵ƣ齡һ, ִ˸Ƿڱ¡
սůͣη, ϰԵأûлϸᱡ¡ֻ˯, ϿʼȣԺس˳½
ڶŷԼ²֪ô, ҲЩ˵³˯Ỳ⡣
ҹ˯Ѿ, û뵽Ỳ⻹ûѡỲ˯ա
ȻСʱǶСޡ

վ³ǰŴװһ糺ɴȹóǰөÿ𣿡
ө˵ˡ˳˵η򲻿ܴװء
ءɴȹִҪˡ
ʣөḴӵķ𣿡
ө˼ҡҡͷС˵ԣ
өᣬ˳ᡣ
˳ЦһС˾ͷİɣ˳ûı£Ҳ˫ֻˣ
өվһԣ쳤ϸţԼҲҪѧųɡ
˳һ׹ޡڷһ࣬Ǿޱʹ
СüҲۣһ˫Ӵ޹ƽʱʽϴװʱ٣ƽʱʽķ١
κһ뿪ʱʲôҲûκζ·ġһ·Ͼ֮صĶȻ;ûȡκβࡣ
Ỳ·ɫ࣬Ҳ°ס졢ɫ졣Ӧϲɫɣ
ΪǿѡһǶź챦ʯĿλʤݸ˳꣬䡣
ױϻͭԼױ
ÿөˡ̾ĳݣױû뵽һֹȵľޡ
ͭеԼȴǺ⡣ʣԵͺС𣿡
өסˡйҲϲԼģ
üʷˡе㲻ˡô໰ӣó˼Ƶĺ꾫ĵŮӡ
ʣǰ˵ʲôʱ
ө֪˳굹֪˵ǰˣ˵ϲŻ˲صһ
ͷ˿ÿỲⲻڵʱ򣬽Ǳ·˺עܳ꣬黹ҩƹϣỲ֪Ǹտܳġ

ỲʱŻȥϴһѪζŻط
ʱпϣһڶ糺ɴȹǾޱһϣϸİӻ.̽һСѩ׵Ľס̴ɫڱ䣬һ˴ϣһ˴ҷ档
ˡתƹµӹβ˺ױ˫ȾЩƺ΢
Ỳ߹ȥȹڷ³˳סѩ׺㡣Сϵľƺҡҡ
ôƣỲĿ⸴϶꣬ˣ
ͷеȥӦһ£ȥᣬĶµĹֲ糺ڣ֡
̵ģȷ˼⡣
ҲٶַһࡣȻβɫỲ⡣
Լ֮⣬Ա
¶ʱỲûڿССȴʢװԼỲⷴĬˡЦЦ֣˶˹ӵż⣬ҵỲ۾ָ£ͬʱ΢Ĵ
ỲⴹӦֲǻӦܽź΢
ỲĿϵľƣϸϸ˼Ӻʱʼơ
Դڲˮ̯ǶСޡ
Ϊ΢Ե΢Ỳü۵ݣݼ䷢ϸ΢
ҪֻЩҪӵĻáܸĻá
Ỳɫ׽Ⱦ˺ɫ
д۾һʱỲģ۽޲˲˫Ỳһ̧֣΢Ƹ˫ۣ׼۵ײɺ졣
۽ỲģỲƽһ¡
Ȼúй
ỲĻ˯ˡ
Ỳͷ˫ָֻյһƬ̶ɫĿãĬһű˯ڻȥ
һ뿪ỲĻ̫źһỲޱ飬ָգ˵ٺôơ
ӣίغš
ỲչȥĶ⣬ǳͽĶ䣺ʲôأţ
ỲֻܴԼһʧܡ
΢Ĵǲ˲Ķ⣬űʣʲôʧˣ
˼ơ
Сüͷض㡣
ỲЦһ˼ʧˣﻹôɹۼҰԼԴ˫ﵱߣɹ
С΢΢ţ˯ý
ıӵСỲһۣϨ˵ƣ´ᣣ
ίϸСȻƮỲС
ôЩء
ỲӵĶסΣñӡһƬתͷ
ԭơױ뻻΢˵ķȡ
Ỳɫָز
ɵӣܵġ
лŮỲⲻ֪ǷС
ԣδй
Ỳ֣߬СһƬźߵ
ɵӣ㲻źͺá

ỲɫŨȥŵա֣ҧָ⡣
ɵӣźҲøۼš
Ҫ̲סȥұ˳ʣۼôϵСͷǧ飬һ˳ԽС
Ỳҧ𽥼أ˯еۣߺšüͷԼֳ鿪СĴỲ졣
ỲЦЦĴǡ

ỲȻ뿪ʵ۵ĴӣһֱŲٶȡĩʵ۴ͣڰǺӰ
ǵǰһŵء
ʵ۴ͣʱպỲҲ
˵طٲǸ߼ѡĺʱҪߵѡҪѡ
Ϊʵ۵ĴͣĹϰʱײ˳ªİ̺ۣСޡ
ỲȥЩǹŻỲʱǰµԺӡөڴɨ䣬˳˳궼ԺЩȫµþȥˡ
պỲ£һɫӰһһ
Ỳɨȥ·
ɫһףֱӹȥˣӡˡ
˵
Ỳûбܻ˼˲ſڣǰձд̡
ȥһ䣺͸û
ȻñȻûС򲻻̫.ƽ
ʵ⵽д̣˵¡Ϊʵ۵ˣ
˭ŵͬͬյˡ
˵ϸı֡
ˡ
ôأΪʲôڰԣﵱǺ޻ʵۣǰûʵ۵ĻӹôܻΪʵ۵
ǡⱾǿơ
ỲƳϵı龡۵ס
˼˵ֱӵةһְ
ƣԱ⣬ģʵ۵Ļ֮ӣϲ졣
Ỳ⳯һϲˮϡƵ˵͵¡ة
ةĿɿڴ


89 ̹
Ȼԭة, æʣԭةմأ
һֱڹ£ôڹ߶֮ǰûô, Ű̺ۣǲ֪ݡӣʻ, ԥһ£͵͵ȥỲı, Ȼżػձ´ż˰䰲̿дʱ, ةةûеһʱվݣةˡְΪ񡣡
ֱ֪ôԼ顣ð, ӣٵһ飺ƣ
ǵʥ, ʲôû侹Ȼ˻ʵ۵Ļо˼˴ǸõĻĵá
Ỳڰ, ¡
£뿪СԺĥӡ˵λʳ֪ӡŮˣֻݲ֮ǰ˵ӡĿª, šӡҪʲôŮ˵òô˹֡ſɲ˴ԡ
ڻ˵ò, Ҳ벻ֻ֪ȫջˣİ̺۲ǳªǺˡֻһջ, ٿҲ֪ӡÿζһ
˲˳ó󣬵ӻ󣬾Ȼӡǰӣ
ʱҪɵ, Ỳһŭ֮½ҲҪܵǣµԼĲӡ
һĥӡŷ˵Ŀ⡭
̫Сֹһ䣺û뵽ӡ˺һڡ

ͥԺء
Ỳ˹ص˱ݸةǻʺı˵ֱĺ¡ʲôأ
ӹûüȣỲ˵üҡͷ⻰ԡ޹ؿԣ.˵ְм⡣ԣС޴˾飬ֱӵةĸλʹһģҲûλµ
ỲȴغŲ裬ŵá
˿ڲˮ
֮뵽һ档̫ͬѰôɺȻָʵ۵ֻһı
ô˭ӣ
ǰȻֱʹӡ
Ѿܾò뵽£Цı籯ʹ飬鲻ɵȥ
һͿĨ˶˵İ
ǵã۾
ͷ˫Ų豭̵Ĳ豭ϸָƵתš֮˵ǡ
˭統Σյλã
ܶûͷڵĴΣա⵱һ塣ΪӵȻΣء
ʲôأ
ߺȻỲһ̧۾Ỳ⺬ЦĿԣỲЦһ⡣
Ỳ
ʶס֡
ỲͷƳ
ľˣ˾ҵЩݼţڵһʱץĻ̫ðա
ỲɫĪƵ˵ۼֻҪȥ򼸺ǳԡ
֣Ỳعͷߡ
˲˾ϡ˵ûеõʥּ޸
Ỳͣ½ŲƵʣˣ
ҧҧ̧۾ỲıӰǿԼʮѰͣûжףҼǰĬϵ顣岻ãԳûн鶨ҼҡҲǼõˣ˵˹ҹʮס
Ỳ⡰Ŷһ
򵥵һŶʵỲ
뾩빬ǰһ뿪뿪ǰȥ뿪ǰҵûдӦ
ΪʲôӦỲƵѯʣԾ˲²͸
۾
ΪʲôӦһҶǼõˣΪ˺ƣҲáҲպ޵ϸˮ˳ӵġ
빬ǰҲȥǶһֱȵѪȥ
ûϣûʧȴˡǻֻԼȥҲӵһӣͺһϲ֡
ǰȥỲӣ˻Σ˵ֻǸ޹ˡʧȥʦֵֳ̫ıӻ뷨ҿƲˡպȻǣ
ԣҪ˺
Ỳȴۣӵ֣Ȼƣ۾Щ꣬˵ʲô飬ۼҲǸոպͬһʱ֪ġ

Ỳ޹
Ỳ·ȻͽĹȥ˸˵ܱò¼Ҫá
Ỳͷ˵ǰشϡͣ͵˹衣ʱͿԼĸˡ
͵۾ɿỲ⣬һضỲı顣
ỲЦһ֪Ҫȥ裬˼㡣㸸ĸӵģۼҲϢͨǰ֪ѡ
̯̯֣Цߣһһ˵ۼûץ̫̫á
ðΣ⴩֦Ҷµİ߲Ӱӡϵȡ
Ỳߵʱˡ
õ̵չֲڵѩһƬʲôûСҪ֣
ʲôʫأ
˽ܣΪۣǻ벻£Ҫ˼䣿ǧĥᾢζϱ磿᡼£紵ҽ󣿡Сʲôõʫտұء

ʵͣڰǵʱҪͣʱ䶼һЩ΢һͻ֪ʵڰֿˡ
Ⱦϻ֮£˾֪
뷽跨رܳ裬ܲȥʱҲվġʵȻܹ졣ʹòУû𷣹ӡʱ򣬸մӰõСˣȫȫ̷Ȼˣλ粻ᣬڰͣһ
ʵµһ˫ˣ˺ˡ
ʱʵλ˷̸¡
˵ûаݼʺǲǲ̫ѽ
ʵüЩطܹȥʺ岻áЩڡ
ǡ
˽ʵϵ·̻ʵ۴ϡϸָ⸧ʵۺϵľˣ۵˵£ôѽ檼˺ۡ
ݱñӳġʵ˵
˾ȼˣԪʺôҡ
ʱ޻ǻʵۡʵץץĸ첲Ҳٽˡһ뵽ݱﲻ̲סݱӳǽһԾĳ
Ƿޣÿÿ뵽һĻʵﶼе㷢¡
Ҳֻһˡ
ʱݱôϣ͵͵˷ңˣû
ԽԽʵ۲Ըȥûʵ֮ǰҵľˣߵˣһڡ

뿪ǰһգỲţȥֵḶ̌ѡһѡòˣʱĿⲻɨ˳ھֵˡ
ɶ࿴ۡ˳ھֵ࣬ǵɫ̫ÿƺˡ
±ϳҲû࿴ջĿ⣬Ỳһȥˡ
ϣҪشȥ
ˣҪߣөϰɣөһźˣөۡ
бĲ½㣬ܰã
ʲô£өض𣡡
װƱĺɰө۾˵Ҳ֪ʲôʱٻһǰտլӡ
өʹͷ
ֱԶˣөŷӦǼȸָӣ
Ī÷˲ٻˣȻӦ˷ˣһҪúÿլԺ

ˮʱƿ˺ϵĻʼҴӡƫͷϵỲ⡣
УỲתͷ
֪һ;ˡ


90 ʪ͸
ߴҵĵ, ճٵĺɫӰ
Ỳԣ˵Ҫ˺һβŵֻ
˵
Ỳݹ, ỲǰỲҲ֣˫ֻϸ, ƵذŪؿڴϵ
һźӱ, Ƶߡ

ҹѾˣֻϵĹ˾඼û˯
һȦ, üչпڴµĳϡ£ÿնĵ, Բø˯á
ʰСƽʱﰮ, ӻãһԲ, Ҳ˲ģͽһÿնڽ, ûɵط飬С߶üǰȰҪ, ϵ֡һ·ϣҿ˺Щء
飬ûлػ
ĬĬױ̨ǰ, ͷ߻Щʰ˵ʰǵƮƮ, Ҳ֪ʰ˵ʲôûʲô𻰣ͷ߻
̾˿ǰ˵ǵʱͻˡﵣҲûʲôôˣЪŰɡʰǣ϶顣вҲǣϵ߻۾
»䣬˶оһ£ţ˽Ų
ˣô£ȥ̾
˶ߡǰ棬ţվſڵˡ
ƻͨ߻谵һʱ䣬¡ʰǺͲ۾ûӦûܿվ˵
ŵĶñͬʱ͵˵һˡ
û
һ۾Ѹٺˡ̧ȥֶǶġ
߽鼱æŹϡ
һƬ۾΢Цš
ڻˣ㲻֪Ƕൣ㰡ʰǵһڣһھʹſǻ
ûסѾˡæ˲ᣬɬѰ˵˾ͺã¡
ǲǳ˺ЩడǶ˵һһȦ˵ʰӣ´
˶ʼµش
Ȼ󣬷ڰ
顰͡һЦȿڣԭǶ׵ˡˣһȦ
ɲǣĸվһһȦΨһЩ
۵˵ǵˡ
˾ͺá˵ˣȲ˵Щˡʰʰ˳Ъˡ
æ̡׼ϴˮ£ֽԲŶˡ
ߵߣƿӰ
ỲȻû뿪
վںӱߣ봹ۣĿٺɫƻˮ档߲ͷȥ
ϸ΢ƴỲ̧̧ۣԶ
ԶỲϵı顣
ЩĺֱһΣӰỲϵһɲǣڿ
ҪҪԵҹʰСŽЦӯӯʡ
תͷҡҡͷ˵ˡġ
ʰųȥˣ⣬ֻỲ֣ǣƥƵԶˡ

֪Ϊʲôһû˯á
ʣûЪ𣿡
ǲӦЪڴϰɡ˵
û£ҪǾ͵˹衣ϣڴϴ£ʵǴˡ
ױʱ½ʱҪ˵
˵ģ顣¶Ѿ֪ˡپǻʵȾ˻ⲡδá
ɿҪˡ˵
ʰһԽӻĵҲûʲôˣϵʱСҲû취˵ʵֻһֱšˣ̫ҽÿһչƽӦû
齫Լϵ˵ǣ
һһˡ¶ûϣΨϵȽҪСӵģ򵥸ɾҲˡοϿĿİ󣬹ذͺ١ţϴȥϡ
֪տջƽԹ緹ûȥϡ˽뿪̫ҽҲæڡӦлл
ʱտʱĴ
ʱΪɣڴԴһ뿪գ糣С̫·ڡȥ֮ϱŵҩϻ£ֱֻһӣ뿪ǡ
̫ҽƽ𣿡Цſڡ
տһ͵̧ͷӳӰ
߳
տæһ񣺡򸣡
ˡЦõ£ִϣ
տֱĿüۣϸֱɫֺܿջĿ⣬ȡҩϻС֣Ȼ
ûУûɫҲû顣ľɼã£ӦҲû
һжܺá
տջ֣ЦһձһպáɷӿԼһˡ
ѽǻϲ
˶Խӿϧܹ壬Ը
տϲģЦ˼ºůơ
˵ζл̫ҽ
˵ģȻ뿪ʱ䣬տ֮¡տ΢ЦףԡСջҩϻҩϻİͣһ˲ֲɫؽҩϻӿϡ
ˡ
̫ҽߡʰȥһտ
տ뿪ĴͷԼҩϻҩϻİһţ͸šʱûü͸Ѿ뿪˴
׷ʱտΪ˰ڴϣѽŽ
ոգտýҩϻµŽִҩϻʱȻرŵ˵ּͿҩֳֻּֽ
տʹûнŽ
´ΰɣ롣

տƽ뿪ûãý׼ͳȥҹʱһ˲á׼ﶼỲڵỲ⽫͹
ʱС̧̫Ÿ͹ǰѡչնЦ˵Щҵȥ϶һˣٸĸǸ˭ġ
˵СŮС̫Ƕܻϲ
﷭˷ҵ׼봬Ŵ壬סĴȥ
ߵŮڴͷ˵Щ⣬æϥ
ɡЩǸϵµšѯʣ϶Ķ
Ļϵºͳ߹ڴݡ
Ů䣬ͷˮŻй˾
һȹСŸϹȥؿˮһ˫Сˮš
߹ɫɷ׵صڵء
ˣˣ
½ˮιȥǱˣˮԵ˲ࡣ
ĶˡЩ˻ûιȥϣ޲ԼˮȥˡֹԼˮȥֻҡ
ˮŴϵĳ߹е֮࣬ҧгݵطߺޡţĺ
һ㶣ΪԼˡ
СĸѾþòˣѾϲ˲𣿾Ȼ
ܿ죬ϱ˾
Ƽûʲô£˿˲ϱģֱӰϱڻܣһһ߷Ըȥ̫ҽȥˮ׼ɾ·
Ŵŵüۡ
˵˵۾ƭˡСĸĵأ
Сܽϱشڷ˷ڳϣֱȥʪѡ
ϺȻعʹȥң
ˣģＱʹȥϵĿӡ
ֻʣС㡣Сʪ͸ˣϣûûʲô
˶סˡ
һĸϡ
϶ǡŮ
ȥʧǵصڵء


91 
ϴ, СĸڵϡͷԼʪϵСӣôƵġ
Ȼһȥ, ͵룬Сһ˫Сֽ߬С۾
, üһһ
֪ˡϽͰͣڷ, ʹСһ˫СҲڷ

۾, રવµ
û˵, 
ǡϵСһСڵϡ
ܶСĸ, ѽ
϶ֻŵ洫һ·ܣϾ, ﱾͼܵÿˣֱŽ𾪵ؿڵһĻ, ʲôףæԼСӰ
, ūȴȥ¡ǿŷϣĴȥ
ϵСֵļ, ʹ쳤˲ӣСĸıӰ
Сĸڵϣһ
ôأ
Сĸ֪ˡ
СС߬Сȭͷ, ޣˮСֵļϡ
֮ǰԸС̫ȥ̫ҽûеһʱ꣬ϹʱͿڵϣ񱻳˻Ƶġ
ôڵϣ¸æСܹȥ
ĬĬվ۾
ֽزϵˮָæָϸɾ·ضƴڡ
磡ϴ˸硣էůˮġ
ССعʳ£̫ҽȥˣ
µͷģ׵ˡ̫ҽһܹˮ׼ˡ
˵͵͵̧ۿһַۣɿصͷСԹϡ
ߵǰüŵͷϡ
̾˿ؿ˸ͷſڣʺ飬ūҲԥҪҪʵ˵
ֻҪٿڣ˽Ų
ŮŽ̫ҽϾ͹ˡ
¹ش˶ӣ죬βܼ˵ȥ
ɣ֮˵ŵƣ
ڴ£֡ʶ㣬ܿˡϵͷҧ촽
ջ
ģҲšǿԼŬѰʻôˤȥģ
һ£žȵ̧شСĸȻţ˲䰵ȥ˵߽ҡߣҲẰˣ
غһŴ˸£ִ˸硣
˳ϵıӣССӰǷıǡ
ýˣŵϤζ۾һ죬ְવ˿ᡣովȻһʱɱСĸô쵰أѹǸһ죬ֻһá
һá
˿ڣֻͷᡣ
УܿޡŤͷȥڱСֽ߬Сȭͷ
̫ҽڴΪƽ˵ϵˮʱ͸˹̫ҽÿλá
ҴҸϽɫ̫ãʵˡ
ԹеʵڽӴ࣬Ŭһ£Űź˵ģϡ
ôˣ̫ҽɸϹȥˣѯʡ
ٽڣ̫ҽһֱûϹºü̫ҽǱߡɫԥһ£ż˵ﵣϵ£ֻǱ߻ǹȥһۣ׵
ǻʺ
ͷͷһ۴ϵϣ̫ҽڸջĿ⣬˳ȥȥǱ߿һۣٻ
˴ӣڴϣһһϮĻججɢɢ˵ûǴ߹ֻɣ
ǡûǴꡣ
üԸٵҵĴϵš
ǡ

̤ɵĴֻɵĺкʹ
ܶ๬Ϊģ˹š
岻Ϊڣ²¶棬æɺһ̲ס͵͵ɫɫãصģ˿
ɡˣѯʡ
ʺҲǸյ˵ɲ֪ô˵УҲûˤţͺȻˡǵã̸˻͹˵
ͷ
ĺһǹһͷƤ顣
ǵϵ飬ҵĺУ̲סݡҲ֪̫ҽǹ˼ֹá˴գȥ
ʺȥmȻҲ˽ȥ
֮أʺҲûֻ䡣̫ҽ͹˿æͣ
񣬸æ顣̫ҽˣ
ػʺĻȱصΪɲڱֻʣ߰գӦްġ
ģѻ˵ģɡСִ򽻵̫ҽ˵Ӧǲµġ˿ճȥʵ۵ˡ
²ʵۣٴοʵۣֻʵһȦɫ̫ÿ۵׵ɫԡ
빬һ񡣻ʵ񣬲ſʵһ£üҲ˵ȥ
ʵ۾ĵطǽԲɫˡ
Ųʵ۽˲֮˵Ļ״
޵СӳûУʡ
ɻʹغУ⻰Ƿϻ
ϣϡ涵Żʵۡ
ģûµġһܸ޳ɹСӡʵӺ䡣
ʱҪϹ֮ػСӳǵ˲ŨصѪζŻɲŹ۵Ӻͺʮ
ڲһСӽٵڴܴĲʣԼ
ʱƣʵɣȻ˻ɡһ̥ǻ
̫Ҫһˡ
񲻸ȷǲԼĺӡϣӦǵġ𣿻ʵֲȷˡ⼸꣬һֱԼ
ʵѾʮ߸ŮˡȻ󹬵HֶΣмСӵȷزں󹬵СǣҲܺĺʮвŻһкӵʵ
ѵ
ʵ֪Լûеʵ۵ı¡Ǹʽʲôţʵĥ˺ð죬Ǹʽе²λ
꣬ԼǸûʵۡ
ǲͷ׼кˣ
뷨ܶ꣬δ˵һδﷴɲô뷨Ծɲ
ʵҲ˵ǲǱʶΪԼкˣԿƽ꣬ԽԼĹѪ
ֿʼˣʵܵץץ첲ץץȡ̫ҽ˵ڻڱǿġҪ
û
Ůʵ̫ˡʵźӹһһ죬̲סȥЩˡ
ԽԽ
УӣŲӵҷϣ
ʵ͵վ齣˫ѹɵļ磬ҧгݣ޵ĶӣҪû޵Ķƽ壡
Żʵ۵ıü
ʱӤ޴
Ųϲ£ǡλС

ﴫɾĺУйѹסľ
һŽȥ
ʵ۽ճСˤϣһһԼŮϡ
۾ɺ죬Ѿˡ
ɫ԰ףǽ֧ûе¡
ᣬȻ
ǰֶӣǶЦüᡣ
ѪֹдգѪ
һ꣬ǰܾŰǰ־Ŀƣ
ۣʻᡣۣŻʵۡ
һ
ɱɱ
ȥɱ


92 
̫ҽϿ˷, ԷȾ˷纮ϳ˼õҩûã˯ˡüһ˫С߬ű, һֱԼ̬
ڴߣ˶ˣֻһߡ
Ͽеü, ֱۡϡһ, æɾ
ûãǿ
ÿϿеü, ̲סһʹег󡣰еԼĺӿ
õһﰡ黭ʫƲ, һдĳ÷ӳ޵£Ҳϼѡųֶһ, ǳԵҽҲ֪
ӺСʱͻԼ㻨ǮóӼˣҲЦǸӻʱ, űȥˡ
˳ҲƯЦġЦʱһˮ, ůѡ
֣Ҫϵü, ֵĳջеüﶼƵģиϡϻǸ, ˵Ǻơ
ﶼòԼǲСŪ, ҪĺþáƫƫԼʵ
ֲ̫Ըһһӡ
δϱôЦҲûЦֵĲӣίʣĻҳȥ𣿡
ܣүһģص˵
ҡͷСૣˣҰȥˡ
ÿÿʱеüۻֵļ磬˵֣Ǳ˰ɡǣúõعӡ
Ķˣ۾ЦŵģҲȵġ
һΣһա
ʵ˾ơ
˶֪ĪҪŭƺĻʵۡ
ײײشʲôӵҷϡеĲӣ۾Ҫǲܸӣɱȫң壡
֣Ųġƣûȵû˯ȥ
û˻ᵱ˵ʲôƲ̵û
ʶѾɢˣϴ԰֣Ѿ˵ˡ
ǡǻӣԼ˵
ٰ飬ֳ⡣
֪ðաֱǷľٶʱᱻҴİдŶԼ˵ĵȥѾˡ
һʱ̵¶һղߡ
ŲִӻСŮ߽Сʺˣֵǰ˵
ֲ˲۽ǵᣬȰһۣŵȥϡ
ŹϺãСŨܵ۽޲˲۾Ŵ
û˯ţֿ֪ˡƽǰӦòɣֻñ۾һֱװ˯
ϴм俪ʼ־ͻ߷ظҪԼĿӣ˿ӵģ
ɱҲһ𱻿Դ
ʱ£¶ֵĻ̧˸ĨӵĶŵ۴ޡ
ֺףǶĺܺáСͺ֣ÿնҪߡ
м𣬾ͱַ̣綮֪Ҫ
ض¡
˵ǹΨһĻӡܽƽԶʹȥɢүƽ
ĳ̫ӣи۾ȥ
ԣԹûʵĻӣƤù˶ԶԶģ޲öԶһ㣬û˺ףͲĿӡ
Ϻֱ˭ŹлӽûҪ类Ϊ̫ӡѽȣȵʣۣôˡڻʵ߰ͻϢ˵ʵ̷۵̫ӣϲ
ǲϹأкܶ󳼷ԡ
ôأ
ݺģ¸ҵȥʵ۲һȳӵ̫ӣ˵̷Ϊ̫ӣ
˵αȴǸΣա
ûãֻˤŤˣίؽؿڡ
Ϸ˸ţ۾СԴ˼źö飬һҲ˯š
ʰǼˣ߽ʻ²˯ҪҪݸˮ裿
ҡҡͷת泯ࡣ
ˣûкúݹ衣ÿϴ趼ְÿζܿ죬·ʲô⣬˴ײ
ˣʰΪϻ˸Ǳӣ˳ȥ

ڰϣĬĬֵĽ͡
սʱūҪҪûվͲˡ岻ãūģҲ¸鷳ѹ̫꣬һԶ˵ƣ⼸£ū϶һֱԥҪҪ˵¡
ĬŴĲá
Ӳڴһ·ʰ϶ĵطĶƽʱõġ
һС̵ӰӶûС
û˵üٿڣ
ͷ˵֪ˡ
̬ȣַǲ֪ˡ
ŮţϵˣҪ֡
ȥա˵
´һɫ뿪ŲҴҵȥ˸ϵķ䡣
һãӰ˵˺Щֻ˶Խ
ֹһ뿪ȥ˸ڡʱŸ룬ڳԪ
ͷɢʪɡ
Ȼֹȥ֮󣬴ҴҰϴ˸衣
һ£ջµͷԪȥŴԪһȴҭ塣
߹ȥڴ£ʣó𣿡
ϵͷû
˴գҲˡǷӵС֣ҨһԪˡ
ϵСֶһ¡
ȻԪգҲСĸһͬһԪ
ϺȻۡһ˳˵ҡҡҲ֪Ҳ֪Ϊʲôᡢȥõء
ԲԲԲ
۾һᣬæԪݸһԵ֣СС§ڻĺ󱲡
Ϊڹη塣
ͷһʪͷ˵϶ѵӷˣûйϵ
û˵ڵĶԲȴѻûϵ
ļ̳ǽ˲䵹޵øˡʹĻһ˫Сʹ߬䡣
ûֹϣС޸
ޢޢʵܾͿ޳ڽǰǿţܣҲۡǶġ
˹˲ڣڶߡ
һһͷ
ֿűһ޵ˣбתȥᡣ
˿˺һ󣬲Ŷֹᡣ
ԥڣԺ󡭡Ժô죿⣿
˵֮ǰһֱԥҪҪȻѾ֪ˡֲɳ⡣
ܣǿ̫꣬ˡ
ԿĹǵ
Ҳ̧ͷͰеСˡ
ϸָ£ҵͷ΢ЦϿޣǰúܺãԺҲԼȥȵй϶ᵽСĸߣĸһ
ϵ۾ġץסص㡪˫oйͿԸСĸһסˣ
ʱ̾ʼûбĻӡ
Ī˵˾䣺лӳˡ
СɻСĸ⻰ʲô˼лٳˣô죿̫ܵѽ˵̫ӡʵۣװкӵסѽ
ϵ۾۾ÿ
ֱ۾һģһ
䱦ϵ۾
ɫʱ뿪ڴʱʶ򰶱ߣỲ⡣


93 Ȧ
Ỳ߻мӡỲںӱ, ˼εĵ
ɫ̫ˣվỲ˵Ǽ˭
ջߣĬĬߡ
, ʼıɱʵۡǸƾһǻ¡뿼Ǹ顣
ʵ֮ô죿
õҪδͷڷ˼Լû
, ᲻ΪỲһܣ
߹Ѿ˺ܾˡСŮԲӭΪ, š
ûǳ߹ǹ⽫Сһա

ϵķ, Ҫļ䶼
Сһ졣ڼйԵ, ҲûʲôθڡʱƣԽѰ, ɫ԰ס
ˮһĻǸǰߵͷ, һᣬ̲סˣһŽһŵ
֨ѽһ, һ̧ͷ, һ۾߽
߽ɨһ, ڿĳ¡з磬紵棬ˮĴӴ©
˵ͱĹ, ϶һĴһЩڣȥģûʲôŭ˼
ԽɫԽ԰סð죬ʵʣܻܵ𣿡
Ŀһ죬˲ͷҿ۾Сֽ߬ȹӡڽֽˮòã̫αˡСΪԼα졣
վҲΪԼ⣺ʺġ˵ܵܡʺｵ
ףͷڵ棬રવ
Լûޣʹҧ촽ҿ޳
߱Ϊʲô
߲׻ʺΪʲôһ㶼ףѵӦʢ˵ش˰ץηȥɱ
СӶ˶̧ͷ

һСĶأⱳȻָʹһС£˵óĿš
ȻˣʱѾȥ顣ȥҲѻڸںšû棬߹Ľ͡
ԥˡ
һϵĸ㣬ƻųߣʣ
Сҭţһһʮ˵ˡ
ɣɱôġҪǲʹĸҪĸӴȥء
߿˵˺Щ
ĸԭߵĹŮһ˻ʵ۳ң楡ɱʮֲϲߵ˳ɣƽִ
еĹʵ̫ˣ˼ĸģĹò̫ӡɽ߷ţοǶִĸŮÿնľս
˶ʵۿˡ
Ҫɿôй̫ҽҲüҵӡЩ˶˵һ̥ȻǸж
ʵ۲ϲϣ˶ֻ֪Ҫ»ӣǺܼ̳ܿдͳۺӰǰ̲סҪΪǿ
Ҫʺִ̫񡣱Ͳˣ嶯֮£極˳ߡ
·
··ɡ
׵бų񡣷Ѵ̫ҽе֪ʵ۵ǲβҩùˡ
ˣĻӾǻʵΨһļλˣοʵ۱ͲϲϣֻҪ»ӣʵ۸ϵ
Щɡ״ɵĸݸߡ
߿ɫСӹȴҲҳԡ
뿪ȥ˸ڡȥ̽ݣͳ߹˵Ĵ򲻲̫һСϸڵҲҪ
ϵˮУ֪˭ϣȻŹˣ
ɡ
ǰɾԼŮˤһĻ
ٴνȥ߰Ѹ£սľҪҹؽ𣿡
˵϶Ӧûû˯ô㣬˵㡣ھȥ
ߴסΣͷСؿޡ
ЪϢݣһʮƣһݣϣģƽƣ
¸æԸ澸׼ˮݸˮ裬ЩЪ¡
źԡʱ̾һ˵û뵽ɿȥƵһˣЫĳ֮ҲıӦˡ
Ĭһ˵ӣı֮߰籡
һ£̧ۿ
뵵ˮ۾ûʲô顣
áҼˡ˵
Ӧ֮˵̫Ȼ塣̫æˣӦ顣ɷͳΣ˵顣
ɡ

һڵúˣ岻̫áһ˯úܳڶͲ˯ѣҲ̫
Ѿ밶ˡ
ӳأҲγġڴߣҪ硣棬ˮ棬˼š
ΪеͷۣӦЩٶۣܲרġ
Ųӳ˼
Ϊǻȥñ̺ĳ£һ̧ͷֻ֮Ĵľ
⼸նڻʵڵĴֻϣڴӴңңѾһˡ֪̫ʣûס֮Ĵľ
ԥҪҪÿһ̣ѡ
վڴͷЦһ
˺ðΣ͵վϥϵᱡ»䡣ڻʵۺϵҸ룬ĵð˳
Խǰһֻյһȴ
Ỳ⡣
ỲĿûʲô顣
һѹĻңǳ߹ȥھԶĵطͣ
Ѱڣ磬Ҫ˵ӡ
죬˵ʲôǧתһЦͷǰѰ˵֪Լʲô
üչ
ĿٴδƮȥңңỲ⡣
У˳ĿعͷҲỲ⡣ջߣ½Ŀϡ
ԥ˺ܾãҪҪ˵һ仰Сһ𳤴üڴߵӣƳֲˡ
ǧһϻû̫ҽ
ỲվƬ֮ỲӰڴ⡣㵵ؿỲ⳯߹ĺȻŵ
Ỳ߽ѹѹĻţ˵ûʲôֻû˯á
˵ǻ̫ҽһźá
˾ɼ
Сʱÿ˾ɼ˯ȥҪҹҲѹ
ĽŲתͷỲ⡣
Ϊʲôû˯ãỲƵʣ
Ỳͣˣһ޵ǳЦһֲǵĨЦ
ΪỲ⣬İĴ˯ϰߡ
ǵüİĴһ·ˣûӦǲסڴܲӦʣȴʡ
𣿡ỲЦһָƵŸСǺʽĸӡ
ĿỲ֮ɨȻǸܣĪỲȻһŽ߽ˮ
ٿڣӡ汾Ҫ㡣
ỲСǺиӵĶ˶٣ŶһƵؾ̤࣬Ĵ
󴬻ΣﵱġỲǷ̧С͵ǰ
ӲͷƤִỲСϣתشա
գһˮȵػعͷ֪ΪˮϵĹкžˡ͵תͷỲ⡣
˵պ󲻻ǣỲЦЦСǺȡһǣȻ.ƵԼϲȦ


94 
֦ζڴݼ, ﺬỲǣȴûҧ˳ԡ
ֻ˵仰ѡС粵ﺬſӲǣЩ, żŴ
Ỳû˵ƵؽһȦȻС, еϡ
ԽỲ⣬ˮˮϴ, С̫޽ˮԶľ룬ỲôˮģɲԼˮġԶ, ջߣĿỲϡ
СŮʵˮ롣
زỲ
汾ȥ˵˵, ת첽ߡ
Ỳȥ
˷УỲȥ֮, Ҳûߣֻվſ, ŪƵɫ޽ۡ
˶˳ȥһأ첽ߵỲǰ, ֵֿͣһ˵˼仰˵ʲôݣӡֺαء
԰ôǸ, ۼңỲ̧۾ЦƵ˵ˡ
һʶһ
ỲȴȻ̧, ƴĺǰһͣײš
Ỳòס°, ſӣڡȻһֻ޳ָ̽ʪĿУѰֻһӲǣȡƵطŽԼСӲӲǿһ飬ˡ
֦Ūɽǿ顣ỲͷУͦġ
̧̧ۣʱϵı飬Ƶ˵ϧһˣù͹һЩ
˫ֵỲؿڣƣỲƷǽ
Ỳֱһ֦ζס֣˫ֽһ˽˫ְ
ʲôӡˣҪң
ỲЦЦͷҧסĶĥĥôЦ˵¹䣬ûκ¡οۼҲûδ˼˼ɼ
һ֣ȥڴ¡һ߻ڲãһ˵Գһһ䣬Ųþ
Ƭ̣Ỳ˵ҲûܲþҲаɡﻶϲ
ߵױ̨ڳ﷭šһ˰ϣҺױ̨봲ܽʹǲòӳһᡣ
Ỳױ̨ĳ﷭һ֧ȸȸëҫʯ̫Ũޣûд
Ỳ֧ȸ߹ȥ
üһ߽ỲҪʲôȴŴʡŤһߣȥ
ֱỲһˣñɫȸɨ
е
ӣ̲ס㡣
Ỳȥؿڵϵ˹ģҲ˹˹ģû˯ãΪۼҲź򣿡
صȹ䡣
Ỳָĥգָϸ壬̲סչȥñǼҲ˲䡣
컯֮£ǴϣڡһܣҴȥ
ỲסĽ󣬽ǰЩһЬӣһ˵ЬӵȥɲǶׯΪ
Ь˷£ѾٴŲŲ󱳵ڴǽڡỲקק̧°ͣ˵תȥ
û
ۼڲ뿴תȥ
ԥһ£鲻Ըת泯ѩ׵ǽڡ
ỲƣϸϡǰעѣȥĵطѲ˵ע
Ҳ֪
ţỲʯɫȸɨѡ
ӾҲһ£ŵػعͷһ㵵Ỳ⡣
Ỳ˴ǣҵʮֺ顣ֿЩһϥǵڴϡסĶһȦһȦУ˵ľ롣
Ỳһȸɨѣվ̲סЦּæҧŴ׼ԼЦ
ỲҪЦЦӣͷ˵ͶˣʲôأЦÿ
Ỳ˼ɣ֪еȸźѵ⡣
ԼԼˮڴϡǿŲЦñ
ǡ
̫ˣ
ء
̵öҪ޳ˣẬȦ
Ỳյǰʪ˵۽ǣЦЦۼ
бŵЦƺϾҪﲻסˡ
޷ȥˣίӣſ졣Ȼ󣬷йһỲĴ˰Цɵ͵͵ϸ
ỲһȸɨĶ΢١
ҵỲ֣ıȸӵһȥȥӣʹ߬֡
ΣỲָȥ۽ǵỨ
뿪Ỳ⣬˿һ㡣ӣỲ۾˵Ỳ⣬ǻ˶
Ỳֵ˲ǵʪδΪ仰¶ֲá
ڵˣһˬˬ̲סظǸ˶𣿻˶
ۼҲȻˡỲɫ׽ȾϼȤȻЦ⣬˵Ƕˡ
ҧҧ̧ỲؿڡȻСỲ˿׽ĽƣеСϡ
⡱һʱ˺¡
ѽ
ĿɱȺˣ
ʹڽԼĽӼŲһ˫ŵȹӲԼĽš
ỲڴɨһȦûֻȸ
˵
󱲵ǽϣڵصỲ⣺룡
ۼұ֤ǶĽġỲڴ¡
ɵش
Īأ˵ᣬˡ
Ỳٴק˵һקһ˵ƨȸ
ô֪ˣ
˫֧ӣỲ⣬Ҫˣ
ԭﻹûỲü
㣡
ỲȻЦһ˵ۼұ֤ë⡣
ߣֱۻ࣬߬ȸỲͷյĶߣ˵һط
Ỳ⽫ȸˡգ۾ȻỲ˵ʲô
˶
Ỳ̾˿Σ˶ᡣʰա
ӣԼ޳
Ҳˡ㲻˵ġء
ỲⴹƳͷһŽһŵ
ίί
û˯ãôģỲһ˵ţһֱۻһ˫ֽ⿪
ͷСʵؿޡһ˲䣬Ϊ϶۱ŵᣬһԶܳһŽһŵ
ỲƸĶͷȷûգٽָȻܵȹ´á
һۣƵسỲһ˫һһȦһȦزţʹ˸ᡣ
ỲûܾйʣӦ˯ڴϣ𣿻ˮ̫ˣ
Ҳ˵۾ỲðΣӡչȥһЩ˫̧סỲ⣬°ʹỲļϡ
ʪỲĲ˲䣬˵Ϊӡߣ˯á
ỲǵǳЦ׵ĹӰ
̫ȥֱĻм棬ּ١


95 
Ỳһ
ڵȡ
ڵСʺɤֶ
ల, ֻϢдⲻʱˮĳĬỲⲻȥ², ȥҪʲôûпڣθڲСҪĶе֡
ỲȻ֪һʼʱ, Ǵʲô⡣ʼգ, ϵǻ
ԣֺҪɱ˻ʵۣ
ڿˡ
ӡҪһ˫ֹסỲĲ, СṴšһ˫ʪ۾Ͱ͵Ỳ۾
ỲûʲôӦߵ۽մŵһ顣
ֹ, ü
Ỳؿ
ŲŲɲɹ, һ㡣ȻͷỲü֮䣬Ŵһ·ɡ
ʲôỲһ¡
źһ, е㲻˼±סỲ⣬, С˵Ҫղܵ裬϶в㡣㵽˹й, Ҳûаˡ
ŵССľɥ䣬Ỳⲱ࣬ССĿһ΢ľ, һ졣
ӡ·ڱ
Ỳ΢תϸոձֲ˲ѣ̧, ס°̧ͣ
ӡ
аƴС΢΢ŵĻȡѩմ˵ŮߵĺΣһ˫ʪ۾ɾγﺬһĻϲ
ỲָĥƵ˵룬һˡ
ỲĿ۾ϡڵȣһ˲Ȼֻѿڶʵ뷨
Ȼֻ۾Ц
ѿڶǣβ˿ζġð
ỲȻЦһɿ֣ӵĿҲһƿˡ˵û˯ãߡȥˡ
Ỳˡ
ĿỲԶϵЦȥһᣬڴϡտյĿ˺һձĨҫ۵ıɫȸˡ
֧ȸ˻Σ
ỲΪæɱ˻ʵ
ǵġ
Ỳ̰ģҪĶࡣ
ҪỲĳƴӡ
ת˸š֧ɫȸĿڡ

Ҳ֪Լôˮġȷе˵û˶֡ҵʱΧûˡ
صջɾ·ʰ׵ʵߵС̫͹ʵҪ
üǿѹ񣬲ȥʵۡ
ʵһųϣ˺һһࡣһ峪Сһ֦Цӯӯιԡ
λȻᱡ롣ʵѾƮһζ
ֻ߬һ뵽ü޸һƵĻʵֺֿۣࡣ
Ƕȥȥ
ʵ۽˶ȥ֣ѹ˵
ǿķŭͳޣ̧߹ȥ
ʵ͵͵ܣС̫վڴ⡣ԥһ£ѹýѯʣ޵ĳӵ滹ţ
ͷͬһ·ʹȥ衣յ˹й¾ͿɺʹӸžۡ
ʵЦˡ
䣬ϵˣ˵ˮˣӰ˿ڻָʵЦǺǵʡ
л¹ػ¡ۡ
úúáʵһ˵ȥϢɡ
˶ЦʵֱӷةʵȻʵ۽ةλӸΪи
뿪֮󣬻ʵڳ¡ܾƣ˾ͻƣҪһ
Щ꣬ʵƴӡڱЦôˣǹȺŮ˵ĶӲӣƴŮӣһһŮˣŬѰһõĶӡ
ԭжˣ
ĵһӾǶӣ
ǡ
ǸǶǸӻûгҲûмǸŮˣ֪ǸӵԱǸûг֪
ΪЩ깬ɼĶŮʵֿʼˡ
Ƿңĸ˸ӣ
һ뵽Ƿңʵ۾;úۡǱݱñӳġι۾붼ۡ
꣬׳ŵ͵͵˷ҡǱݱˡʵ۾ݱӵݣǸƢĻ
ʵ۴˸¡
걻ݱֵʱǷѾУ߸ˡʱʵĶǱݱֵľţ˲ǸŮˡݱ˵áˣͷҹһ䡣
ʵһֱãݱ˵ġáӦòǸŮ˺ĺӵѵݱǸŮˣ
ʵ㶵ݱӡðΣ̾˿

գһ·˳˳ˮҲûʲô顣³һգʮ˳ص˹衣
һУܶ˶Ǳˣǵһµˮг̣úܶ˶ʮֲʡһ·УãΪǵܶ᲻Ӧͣͣûذݳšǹ۹⡣
˹裬ǳ׽һ̡
ֻͣûа´ǹǺŵĳӣǹˣ´ʮȲƵƵǰѯʺʱȥ
⼸϶˯ߣ촬ֻͣҲûԼĴԹԸߡһ԰ֺŹŮױ
Ҫ´ȻҪװ֬
;У˺ܶ涷޵Ļᡣ´ܶ๬һĴ硣ŮӴ඼ǰģҲϲ˿޳
赱صĹԱͰվںӰӭ
ʼҵĴǲһŶ
Ǿǡ쿴´ˡ˵ʵ۰ˣ˶޵Сô˶޸ϧˣЩӶǽģɴҲ尡
ɴҲڲסҵɣŶׯʣټŮҲǱȲϵϡ
Ǵȹÿ
ϧˣʵ۵ಡ֪ǲ̣ȺƵ˶
ȿȣСɲ˵
Ⱥһʵ۵Ĳٽڴ˵زٶ˵
ǸǻʺɣҳʺһһòϧˣҲ
ߵİһ˫˫۾ش
´Ӻ첽ߵǻû뾩ʱ򣬱Ѿѡ֮¡ū澸ո˵ŮѾͽйˡ
üʵ۵ǲҪѡ̣ˣ
˵ѡ㣬ҲðѺúõŮͽȥ࣬вĳ֮ˡ
ĳ֮Ҳˡ
šü
̾һ˵ūƽʢȥŪ˶Ĺ֡
˵Ż˵ط칬ͣµȺҲ˵ˡ
ʵۻû˯ѡ
վںӱߵȺʱɵ޹ͽŮǡԭסڽϵĸʱʶ˶ҵļŮĹƽôšʶȴ죬ǺϤһЩ
ܿ죬ʵ˯ѣ̤̤˴
ܸһƺƵoйȥ
һ·ϣפ
oйԶ
˵طͣŴ򿪣ųµ̧۴ǰīoй
ɱ仪Ŀ⡣
豻֮ǣй֮бȻŴġ֪վȥģֻƬде̴
عԱͰչߵݡ
һƬȻ˼ԡ
ʵ۸ҪƽĻʻȥתͷԶỲ⡣
Ỳѩ׵ѹڴϣһһؿԡ
oй⣬ֻ
ỲޱǰйɫӺ̶
ǵĺȾ͸Ỳѩ׵ӣȾʪỲ԰׵ָ


96 ϲ
Ỳа, 飬д󱯴ϲŨҵǿҲʡ
Ỳǰй
ʮȥ, ֱɻƯĵط·﷢ֶһֻ˵룬ûдڹ
ỲԽйɫĹǽިïʢ̴
ϱ⡣̴Ⱦǵ̴Ӵ׳, ɫҲӴ̡һȥһƬɫд, Ȼ
ǻըѰıӿỲ⸩һѪ³ѹϥ, һʺѪŻ
˴͵һĻ׷ʲô
ңңһĻ, ġңңỲ⣬ܹȥ, һ
ܡ
ҧɫ𽥷ס
֮һƬ, ֪ỲѪƫƫޱѪĳ̫죬ǵòĪ
һӺỲֱ
ֱ, ˵Ĳɸһ
ỲֻǽӹС̫ݹӣ˲ϺϵѪѪѲ, ĴָЩѪӡӡ
ؿڣƽ
һߵĮѰ
ʵŻع˵ƽƽ, ƽ
ȺйʱͷỲһۡ΢΢ͷŸ߸ߵ̴ƺЦһ, Ȼ̧йߡ
ỲйĴţŲ˶١
ͷȷԼĿûбѪȾ͸̧̧ۣߡ
ֹУ߽Ŀĵظĵй˵׾١Ҳ»صᷢʲô
Űػˡ
Ỳۣ΢΢ϸƷŰĿ.С

סĹǰ׵
סһĲĸ¥
ĸ֣ɷ衣
ȻѷԸʰˣߵĹ˽֮ⲻûҪʰһ飬ҲҪδʰ
ձضšЪŰɡʰ˵
Ĳɵصͷȹ¥ߡһ¥ݣԶھĲ
¥һͣ½Ųת¥¡
ɵʰţӰӶࡣ
ûαȵûŰ񳤰Ҳûޱվڳˡ
ջߣ̧̧ͷ¥棬ҲûǸƳˡ
ָ̧֣ǽڡϷůǽ֮Ҳᴫȡ
ỲѪĳǰţѪҪҩҩɺѪȾ˰״߶
顣
վſڣ첽߽ʲôԸ
סʡ
һ£µʵỲ⡣С˵סйլԺ
סй
ͷ¥ߡĲ㡣Ĳ֮û̽ݣߵȴǰƿɫĹǽ֮⡣
ڴǰվ˺һתߡ
鷱࣬ߵĹ˶æҲûñţԼݡ
ݣһ
Ĳãڹе¹һ޶˾Ȼģߣƹ¹һģһĵҪȥСһ
ǵߵǰʱɴס
ǰûдһճɵľ޴ӡɫʰ쵾Ө͸ҫҫӰλĿ
ɳȥ̧ḧ
Ỳƶ˵ˣȴеҲûӣʱޡʮ壬ҪŹʵȥ𹬣õʽ˹裬ۼ˸һ
Ỳ⾹Ȼĸ׼յӣ
ݣȷûбĴ´ǰź̺ӡͷҲˡ
һ̺ƿһ㣬Ȼ̺֮һӡ
˵е̫ˡмһЩ
ŵһ̴ζղ˲ѩ׵̺۾
Ỳöá
Ȼ롣

¡ʰǼæ꣬ݣ˸ɶ˺һ
һֱû˯ţУ۾
۾û˯ţ²ʣڴĵطôǸӣﵱҪ˯ҪҪԸ˻
ûͦõġ̵ġ
˵µҲ˵ʲôֻ˵ʲô
û
´ż뿴ûʲôҪʰģŹֵͻʹסһģһǲʰˡ
̫ã˶ȥеŤڿŵǰѯʣԲǣ
û˵
µֵȣʼûӦԼҲ£͵͵˵
Ҫ˭ѽȥ˺²̫˵˭

µһ뵽Ҳ벻ͨΪʲô;ͻȻ֪֡ûкȻΪʺٹҪ޸ġٴο֣²ꡣ
𣿡

üĥһЩȵѹӡ
ǲ
ΪԼֲ´ˡ
ᡰšһ
΢΢죬ϵľһ㶼زס˸µĲ²⡣
ʼգһֱΪȥỲ⣬ȵıƲѡ߹֮衣
͵͵Ϊôء
ͨİȥҹ۵˯š
ðΣСʣϲӡ𣿡
һڣԼò˼顣ôܵģãỲ⡭
̫ϲʲôӵˡһ˵òеǷֱ
Ỳ⡭
ôأỲֱ͡аϵֱЦ
ˣ¸æ˵ū澺˵ģū澺˵ģ
ٴءšһ
Ŵ죬һĲšżˡ
ָֿ̧֣ȻĴָʳָСָǰ˵Ĺؽڣ˵һ㣬ôһɡ
šüԼָͷò̫ԡĴָʳָǰŲһ㣬Ųһ㣬ССһָ׸ǡ
ôһɡ
ϺȻỲƵôһ㰡
һѰȥ
ԶڷһżܣڻʹݴԵǸżһģһʱżܳһţ¶İšỲվڲżԱߡ
ˣĲüȻ¹һģһΪʲôûһģһĲż֮Ҳһһģһİ
ľȣֿһۣ߳ȥϡ
ãͷеġѩ׵̺УỲ⡣֪·Ǻָ䶼ɸɾģѪѾˡ
Ỳ⡰һʲôëĲģֶۼҵơ
´ôˣ
뿴˯кòÿỲ⻺߹ȥͣǰվͷӸµ
Ƶ˵û뵽˲Ļ

һ˵͵˵ʵڷǾΪҪ֪ӡ͵ǱһҪ˵ϲϲӡˡ
ſ˫۱һ¡
ôôϲ
Ỳ߸֣ոձָ׸ϡ߽̺ǰס
ոձСָŽУҧҧϲǵָ׸ǡ
Ӧðָ׸ҧ˳ԡ
ûţСָϹ洫ʹ
ҲˣỲ⣬ʣ㲻ɣ
Ỳûҧ
һ飺Ѫɣ


97 
һ, ھʱѾ˺ܶԡЩ˲ҴۣڱֹǶ˵, Ỳ˱ȻҪⱨӦаΥȻ⵽ɡЩ, ϶ûȡṷϾͻȡ, ú
ΣỲŷſ, ɱٶȣһϵ˻Ҫòɱꡣ
˵һӦˡ
һꣿ۾, ںߵİɣ
ỲЦЦ
Ƿаķ, ԼҲ֪ΪûǹڡֻҪŵʱܰŰɱһ飬©һ, ˡ
ỲȻ֪̫ȡ飬˭ȡνҪȡ
Ỳǰһ𾪵, ²ʲôأ֮࣬ǲǻлϲСʺ, Ҳġ
ɫ׾ӵ˼һ
˳Ϊ׼У˵һϲ, İɣ
Ỳ⿪ʼ²ʲôʱʼ֪ˡŮ˵һϲʱ򣿻ǸŮǲʱ
Ϊ֪˵ı磿Ỳⷴ˵Ǳµķʥּ޸ĻӦҲǺ޸÷һ𳤴ıɣ
Ỳ⽥ȥ
صoй, Ỳ˶Ⱦһƫִˣ뷨Խƫִȥ
ỲеɫһֲõԤС
ǲΪ˵ģ
ɿ˼תĥšԲûǶỲ˵Ҳֻһꡣӡƭ˵ġ
ƶ
Ỳǿ޷ԽԨǿ㣬Ҳǻʽģ

ֲȷˡЩǼٵ˵һҲǼٵ
ỲûлشǷѩ׵̺£޳ָΪᣬ˹ѹҵĳһ߸һʣۼˣ֮ͬ࣬ɻʩΪۼʬٹǣ
šüỲ⣬˵ӡǹӡʲôش𣿡
ƿỲΪ֣վۿ
ֱ̫ĪԵ˵ϲȻСҪջظոյĻˣ
תߣȴҪһЩ˵ͷʵ˶ͷϡһԼĶͷ࣬Ųֻ΢ͣһ£ߡ
ֱߵµİǰڹ﷭˷ҵӡȻһСָָ׼ˡ
ûˣǵϲûˣ
žһӷ£ڰϣСĶߵǰỲϥһţȻϡ
תߣٲỲһۡݣһߣһߴԸ£ҪԺʨͷϲӡл⡢⡢㡭ССôһ֦һ裡
еỲ̧̧ۣűϵš
̧ţȴûƿ뿪ǰˤ̫ĺˤŴˡ
Ỳȥǿ׽۶ϡƵģе᲻á
Ỳѩ׵̺ͷһ㷺ζ㣬ڷϵζƽʱϲϲͷ
Ỳ㷺ζ㣬ȻЦˡ

¥±һ٣Եñ˺ܶࡣԵ̫ˣ¥Ժһֵϣ֪հߵ˿ɽһж׵ˡĽϷֻǽղŰ׼ķ仹ûʰáջߺգͿסˡ
澣ȥϵסȥǱߵĹǷźˣҲҪջվסϡ
ϵס˺һɫ׺ȥ֮ŻԼĺ
֮Ҫһ֦¥ݡ֦ǰҪģֻʵõ̫ˣʱûжװ֦ˡȥһˣ֦ζ֦ˡ
հߵĹ˶æҲûǸźԼһ֦
ƹ˯еỲʱɴסˡ
ûߣֱ˯ˣ
첽߹ȥŷԭԼ뿪ʱ佫ˡ
ỲޱۣͿźôһվ⣬
š˵
ʶǰһȻֱһ֦תµ߹ȥ֦ϵСȻƵذ֦ǣ֦
һſԲ֦Ө͸ϸָš֦ŽУҧ˲䣬֦еݼ仯ҧ⣬̧֣ɫĺȡһԿյС׵ϡ
ɫ֦˱֦֭ţˮվӨ
Ỳѩ̺ϣһһŵ֦ģĿڰ״ɵ֦ˡ
һʮ֦ӲͷƤӲ˲֣ߵǰҲţɫʰ쵵Ỳ⡣
Ҳǹġһ޹ο˵ıʵỲҲ֪ǹġ
Ỳƿڣۼҹضã
Ҹո㣬Ҫ㻵ҡ԰ٹһҲûʲô
Ỳ˵ôʵ˵ˡ
ѽǺϲ˵ʵġỲ۾
ĿƬ̣Ỳ⻺ʣԵ˵ϲʲôУ
Ὺİ˵Ҫ
аɡỲͷ
Ǽ٣ȻҪۼǡ
Ŵ򿪣ˣỲ߳еŵ˵ӡ治ǹš
ˣϴϴ˯ɡỲ˵
ϴ裿
СƳỲһۣҪʲôŹֵİϷֶ࿴Ỳ⣬Ỳȴߵȥ֦ˡ
߳ݣȥڵԡ
뵵ˮʱĥһỲֻʲô޴ʣ֦֭ܲͿ԰ɣ
ĥţȷˣ
Ȼ»صڵʱỲѾˡü¡ĿⲻɨСǸ״С֦˲ˡ
һҲˡ
֪ûнЩ֦³ĺȥĶˣ
ɵ򲩹żܵķ

ỲԺoйԶһɫĸ߸߹ǽһƬïܵĺ֣Ժ䡣
Ỳվڸ¥ĴǰԺС
һ
ˣÿ˶¶ֵɫ
һİʮˣӡá˳
İʮϵˡ
˳˵ǹֻһ仰Ȼ󼸸̷Ծûлڡ
ỲЦ
˲鵽ˡ׺ã
ЦŵͷʲôȤζ

ỲɫĪˣ˳Ը˼䡣
˳һ㶣¥ȥ졣
Ỳ˶ˡ
˳괫һţǾˡһ߳Ժӵ˻ᱻץ飬ӽ߿ߡ
Ŵ򿪣˻ŶϣһѷسȥġЩĻϲ壬ܹԺžͻˡ
ǲ֪һٱỲץĥ
Ỳֻǲмڱ˽ţҪè׽á
Ỳڴ̨ȤζһĻ
Ķ½ĺ们
Цź䣬ǡ


98 
ỲۿЩȺ׷ԺǺԺ, ڳŵԺǰһխխı«šЩ˳嵽«ǰӵõĲСĵ, ûü˲ǰӿ
ỲЩ㱡
һ˺ӵʱļ䡣Ỳ귢飬Ϊ̫ӡ, ο
ĿؿЩӵˣ񿴼ˡ
һ, ЩС
ỲԶǵֳֽذͽԼšһĻɺ, Ỳеĳ
Ʋɱ˵һﶼȾѪ, Ѫʪ˿ܣجج, ǸԺӡ
ȻĶЦس
Ϊܻ
ٵġ
Щ׵ˣֻ뿴ɱ, ʹطٿǵ֪ɱҲܻȥʱľ
Ỳ۾·ƴܵˡ
ЩѾˡ
ͬķʽ, ǻ᲻µĶ񣿵ʱǿҲشЦ
Ỳ⵹ϲǵ
Ϊļ, ЩÿһһŶࡣ
ԺԽԽ٣ֻʣļҪô̫ˣҪôм
˻, һȳһյسű«ȥعͷֺûˣϳ, 󼸺ͬʱԷƿȥ
ỲָϺ䣬ȻЦЦ
˳¥ӡһѾˡ
˳˳һվ˳ߡ
ỲվתһȦŽŽ½غá˳꣺ȥ͵ˣ
Ѿȥˡ
Ỳǽǵ߽߽ϣһ쵨ڴ룬ʢˮʮ֦ںɫĺ˶
Ỳ޳ָ̽ˮÿһ֦˶ָһ£ٷŻءỲ֣˳ɾѩӣûӣ˦ָϵˮΣȻһǽǰĹȥ
Ÿָɱ˵С
Ỳǰԥһ£ĿԼʪָͣһ˲̧֣ʪָԼĴ߻Ȼֽѩӣָɾš
ڹɨһȦֻһС
С޳İָתһ仨ɫ䣬ƺڿǽôɱ˲ſ

˳갴ỲķԸ͵ʱڡȥǶŹ澸ʰԭΪ׼ķ䲻ôʰãһ룬ӶǸɾģȱĶáһ뵽˵ľս꣬ͲٵȥֻЩϽӵߡ
˵ھҪߣ˵Цʹڻ
Сĸ
ţͷ
СĸСĸСĸϱ֣һһؽš
ţôûСĸѽ
ţǣϵߡطԶҲʣûߣ߻ȥ
û߻غԶԶһӽ˽ŲҴңһΡΪҲӽУŶ࿴ۡ
ʵǵƣ̨ϵı̫ۡԶԶŶעۡ
ʰһ˳Ŀһۣ˵ѽ˵Ѿָʹ˲á
ȴûٿˣ򱻽͵Ľӡǽӻ˵ɫһǹĽӣҲ֪ʲôˡ
ĪǻʵִӹеĹ
һ뵽ʵۣüʱˡ
Դͣ½ŲϾһֱеضı飬üʣСĸôˣ
ûʲô߰ɡϵС֣ǣߡ
Ҫɱ˻ʵ۵뷨һǿһգף߱Բܲʡɱһף֮أ
Լûʲô۵ɸ̫߱ġ۵㡱ʹ˶Իʵ۵ֳƿ죬ܻв֮˹ûʵó۵㡱¡
Ҫıλ̫֮ˣʵۼݱҡóúһĵһʮ̫
ʢҲˡõĹԱ˴롣ؽ˽ӹٹ໤̶ܿ࣬಻֮⣬ȻԽԽ࡭
޲ɱ˻ʵۣǻʵ۵ѩҵĺޣȴȥǧǧ֮ҵı
ʵ۵ǡĽڵ㡣
뾡ܵؽչ
٣Ҫֳ
̾һ棬һԥҲ֪Լܲáԥһ
Ҳˡ
ǣϻصȥ˸׼ķ䡣ϸæķģ֪ķݺԶʱеʧ
һ֦˵סɲҪġĸԹԵģúö顣
üСʣСĸ㡢ҵʵ𣿡
ǡشһ㶼ԥ
ǰ۾ϵЦݣ֣ص϶֪Ϊʲôûĸ𣿡
գ۾ȦͷΪҡ
ΪϵĻʵǸ޳֮ͽ㱾ӦóһѰ˼ңĸ۰ƽϲ֡㲻ؼٰжҹҹ¡ԴƯСȹӣ۵黨

ϵ˲ԣ¾ͻкܶ϶һĺӡ϶ȥǸϵˣŬһЩĺӡ
Сţȵ۾Сĸôᣬȴ˵Щ֣صĻЩϴûдӱĻ
ССϸĥţЩò̫Ŭһ¸ҵǸλãͿһЩʧĸĺӡ
ֶ˵Ļ˷Ůװͻᱻ̫ӡʵۣױ֣
ϵͷ
˵á
㱻Ů¸һȥʵۣһЩСӡԸ⡣
§ĲӣС˵϶᲻ѽ
γûʹ⣿ƭСӡղϵС˵СĸҲáǻһŬòã
۾ġգգۣСĸʹͷ
ƽʢ¥Ӱǻˡ
ûϱֱܿټᡣ
֮Ѿȥմˣմ˻Լʹˣֻϻ硣
еʧѾȥĵڶˡ
Ϻʣǰһةմ𣿡
е⣺϶֪ˣ
СŮֹ
̫ͱĹ棬ûµʱϲ߹ĸֹ﹬¶ʵۻƵȥմةְ֮ٵϣû˲ۡ
ǡĸ϶
ʧζѡùֽʣдһȥŵײܾԣϧȥİݼ
д꽻ᣬȥ֮ϵǸСӣס󿴿ҿ֪ŮԾױ̨ǰϡشΡ
Ҳ˿գС̫֮ǰڰӰһȥǵļˡ
ġ·˺עĿ⣬˽ܳ齻տ
ףСĸʲôѽԴ򿪿𣿡
Ӹţص׼׼
ɨһۣҲûǸ̴ľӡ
¸æ˵ū澸ˣ˳һ͹ġ
Ỳ͹ģ
һỲ˵Ҫ
ĹҲȥ
ûʲôԤв̫á
е飬ǸӽŲҴƹŽͷ棬š


99 
Ƿ, ĵȥһһ߻ѯԼյʲôԭΪյĶһģ˶ŷÿ˵ﶼͬ
Բһ, ϲıɫԲи÷֣õһԽϵžµ÷
ƽʢĵẒ̌ȵ񿵣Ϻ, ô̫̫ͷ棿
Цû𻰡ƲƲ죺֪ǸТӣĸ׵¡ʲô, Ҫ뷨ӱǮĸ
ʰͷһǵ黪ʤĻ, ˺þáѰһһģһؿذףʣ, һذף
м顣ذףĥϴα۾ʱ, ˵Ļ
һӣһֱû˶ʲô, ЦҲ˵
߰ɣ˵ˡȥӣʰǳЦ, ͱȥˣǸ·¶ڵ, ƫһȦٳô࣬ѶҪඡ
ӵֽ˽ǿЦЦ
, һ׾µȫ¡

ǻϲϲص뿪ϣҲҪˡ
, ڴ򿪸ǰֲڴʽС
Ӵ򿪣ɫ˽üںĵóϸꡣ
ûװһֻ֬֡
˲ϵָͷȵطֵʳָָָǻᶯģǰ󣬿ķָֿҲԽָһ˲ָǰˣָĹؽҲ΢΢
ãȻƬ̣ỲΪʲô͸ôֻԽԽϤԽԽ졭
ϣֱԼСֱһ£ʱֵֻĴСỲһģһ
Ỳⲻǵһε̶֮ǰǻ˸ؾԼֵֻ
ⶫ
һףȾɫһĨɫԼʶỲ͸ֻʲôõˡ
ֻ֣оĪЩˡżܷ춯û
Ỳɱ˲ˣֿ
Ӧøȥһطɱһȡ֣ɫ֮ȻƣŰ
ƿţʱ㿴Сֻ֣ڷȥеԹԵģе
Ỳ߹ȥվһƷĶ䡣е䡣֪תͷỲ⣬ʶҪ
ȻỲһԼ֣ŵֻϡ
ƣۼҵһģһ
ʱŵ֣δ£Ѳ
æµַŽЩҵغϸӡỲָںأиʱָ
ѽһæиǴ򿪣ỲƣָϹȻѹһǳǳĺӡӡỲɫףǳǳһӡӳĵԡ
ֵָ֣Ƶʣﲻ𣿡
Ťͷ
Ỳ£Ȼָ࣬˹ߵţżڡ
ֵʵӡƺ
ɱ˼ˣͦʹ졣
һȻСʣ
߰˸
ֹ˺ܾջ˵˳ڣӡɱΪ֣ͲⱨӦµ𣿡
ʲô˼䣬ʲôǵۼҲһֱڵ𣿡ỲⲻЦЦ
ָؿϵһƵسק
ǰֵĽﲻϲһҲáҲǣϲۼҵ֡ۼͶãۼҵָԿɷõÿģۼţﲻãۼûȥٸġ
Ỳɫ΢ԶеɫѩϷģ
ҲãקԼϵʹϵá
¼Ҵ¥š
˵ɡ˵
СӼϢǽƼ͵ĽǴӣδǻǰиӣ
ˡһվߵſڴţѯ˼顣תʱ򣬻ü˼š
ߵỲǰеתһղյ
ӡܾǰ֪£
޹ؽҪ
Ỳһ䣬⡣
Ỳһϵһϣҡҡ
ỲбƳ˵ۼҽãۼɨˡ
ʲô˼ֻ
Ը⡣
۾˼Ƭ̡ỳһۣһ£һǰĥȥ˵ľýòܸ
Ỳֱָ֣ص㰡㡣˵ƷأҪƷ
ỲȻʱȻӡ
סỲ⣬°ʹѣȥľ࣬ӡڣΪʲôҪЩ߰ģֻҪӡ
Ỳû˵
򴽣ͣһҪãҲӡϲԼ
Ỳ۾ܿ°̧˵ʹ˼ˡ
ϱҴľȣһ˫γӡ
ѽӡʹ˼Ʋ𣿡Ὣβһ㣬һĨŮƤĽƫƷڣ΢Ŀŵա
ỲȻסתR¡
죬󱲵ϣŷӦỲ⡣ǰ׽ʱߣżҲϣδR¡
Ỳⶢ۾йӰ˸𣬺һ£˸ĹӰ
ʣϲۼҵ֣
ǡǡǣ
Ϊֻ
Ỳָ˲˵ۼҡڡ
еؾ쵽ỲĲԾ˫ֻỲȥЩѧļɣֻ
Ỳ׼Լһα۾
ϵ߬ǽ͹ɫӡӡ
Σ˷ֿ
۾Ỳѽе
Ỳ⻺ɲˡۼ˵ˣ޹ؽҪ˭޹ؽҪ
û˵û֣Ծɱӵơ
ỲЦһ˵Ů˶࣬ԽΣԽءȺŮΪǰ̵λƴɱϵǻ꣬󲿷ֶǹҲ˼ӡֻǼӶںŮ˵С
ỲȾϼֳ˵ǡϣһûĸӻĺӡûۼҶţܻ
һŮװĻʵΣٹٹߵס
Ỳ⵹ǶСﵱʵûʲôоڽҴʵŮʱȺϳαߣȻ衣
ֻҪȺӵ֪Ūʱʵı飬Ỳ;ʹ졣
Ỳ͵͵Ц˳
ɵײʱʹʧˡЦżȥȥˡ
ס֡
⡢ôˣˡֲ߬šҲΪʲôҪִ΢ֱ
ỲﻹŷյЦ⣬תͷ
ֻظһ飺ˡ
ỲЦЦʣȱźˣ
Σͷ
Ỳ߹ȥͷȻĪ˵˾䣺ǸС
ỲûߣС
ĿץСʱ֪ںδľ䴳ײỲ⣬ȴײеı
۽˲˵۽䦳һᡣ
ҹ
Ỳѩ̺ҫҫǹѡ
أ˯ˡ
Ỳȴ۾̶ޣ񴩹ѤӰ˺ԶĵطСȵؿĲȱءС¡
һҹδߡ


100 
oйľݷ, ȸҲࡣʱȸѴվ֦ͷߴߴ, 峿ѡ
ỲⰲŴӴ©ȸߴֹãỲ˳ƿţŹǷΪʱ̫, ³ǣĹŵæµš
Ỳ, ĬĬЩϸС졣
ֱźһʼСȵŲ, Ỳ۾۾̵ת˸ɱת
ĸ첲, Ỳܿ鳤۽޺̰׵գССŲһ, ˶СҲ, ˣֻܿɫͷ
Ỳ߱ͷ
Ỳ⶯ϸ΢شչȥҪͷһǡȴڽҪͷʱ, ͣ¶ûٽһ
һƬ, һһչȥһһ뿪ֻķ
ỲԽ, ˵ĿξȻΣ׻Ǹӡ

ϧ, Ỳ⡣쳤ؾãһ˿һϲҲı䲻ֱˡҲֻкһֱˣܵõʮֵá
ǡ
ỲۣԼ˼룬һжſա
ٴСŲһ㣬ؿڲ˲䣬Ȼһغһڱһ˫С໥Ųһµ̺ӡ
Ỳٴ۾
֪ٹһӾҪѹڲֵǺĥ䣬ƫ˯ʱỲĵؽԼֱ۳.뿪֪ʱ뿪ǡʱὫѡ
Ỳ򿪲żܺİţܹɽҹݴµİ뿪й
ҲһϲֻǿĿǰû֪Ҳ֪

Ỳڲżܺİ˴ʱе۾۾û
ͷشһ۾ѹ
࣬ỲѾ뿪ˡüָСԼ۽ǡ
ǵãԼˡ
СĸСĸһ˫С¥ܵ졣ˣܵ¥һԼĪСĸѹˣܻܵſʱ˽ŲŽżߵſڣСʣСĸûУ
ˡ϶ŵ˯ѵŴ
ˣĵƿܽȥ
һţԼûȫǡҲ£ţһȥյoйʱϵסСЩ˾ÿӵƫԼرҪĶ
ŸʰǵţŽŵݹ
Žӹ˿
֮࣬ﶡǧϸд˼βԸŮ빬ƫʥΪòĹﶡǧͽǧŵĩβϣܹշǧᡣ
շ⵹ǲ˵ˡ
ŷ£˵˵ҽҪˣ
ǡʰЦӯӯū֪Ҫʵģŵ˶˼䡣ĻĸºɡСʱ˵ɰǸɡ
ҲЦˡͷ˵Сʱ˵ġǸֱˣǧƽͦõġ
ǧд˷ţȻϻȥȡ
һǳüšţʣ˵һ̫ҽҪСĸƽѽǲ̫ҽ𣿡
̫ͣҽŻ
С̫̫ҽԺһˣտտҪš

£ůĵĺʱڡ·ϣƵտϴӲͬطƮŷݡ
࿴ۡ
Ĵ飬Сĸŷݣǣ϶Ҳŷݣ
áͷù׼˷ݣվͺ϶ŷݡ
˴Źյסĥ˺һϵĶˣغȥ·ϣӭտ
̫ҽǣϵͣ΢Цտ˵
տشй̧ͷЦ˵ɰˣǻûãȹȥš
˸ȻΪҪ졣
ˡͻȥ۾Цǰߡ
տȥ벽ľ룬һͬȥ
Ǿޱ԰ʱȻһҵĽ
߰ߣ
Сӱҧˣ
տɫһ̿첽ܹȥ
ѾӻܳץסˣþŹйˡֻǵһܹȥץߵС̫౻ҧһڣʱڵأѹԼȣ߽иͣ
տƳһ۱ߣ綾
ΧĹ˶һҡ
տߵСǰĿȣ鿴˿ڡûԥ̸һһڽŨڵĶѪϴ³
СŮС̫ΧǵСӡ
Щǵһ̷ۣԸȥ׼ڵˮ˽ˮʱԽˣݸտ
տӹѸ˿ڣȻӼϱҩϻȡСʼССϵ˿ڣһ㶾ڡ
տ˿ȥ̫ҽԺѰңٿһҩһ㶾
л̫ҽСӺۣҲ֪۵ģǸмġ
С̫Ӧûʲô¶ˣҲ˿ûʲôǮԸߵС̫һȡҩֱ͹ȥ
ԶỲһĻ
Ŀտϡ
ŮĶʱϲˣӦտİɣ˹壬ֱÿһϡ
ǡ÷
ʶտϲʲôӵӣǰտأ
ỲⴹĿĬƬ̣ת뿪

տһʰһѯʣտʲô飿Ҫ÷
Ȼǵ̫ҽæµæǳһ볤档
տ㶣ӣԼһЦ
ĿȴмǸ⡣ΪտҲر磬Ҳûм顣
ˡտҾ
Ϊȥ鷳ֱӰͥԺҲԹԵߡ
տƣҲʳǶһЩ볤档
ùţŮˮʱʰǽǱܳġ·˺עøտ
˵һѰģ̫ҽƺѰãˡ̫ҽⱾûǴɣ
տ΢֮¶ϲɫ
ǣⱾ纮Ĳ˵գȴÿ궼ܶȡյֵöооƳ˵ҩðնõ𡣡տӹȲط
Ŀҳּ΢Ƭ̡
ʶıʼ
ɣŲ֪ʶıʼ
տɫؽϣлл
ʯϳ˺Щ֦һֱ岻ϻСӣԼˡ塣
һ㶼ϲ塣տ塣
ʹ׼ˣտ˵ûʲô飬һ塣
ỲվݵĴǰ¥µԺӡĿⳤõʯǱ·˺עȻЦһ
ϢϢ뿪
صԼĸۡϵȣչЦؿдµġ΢Ʈ¡
ǡ

ϣỲ⴩ݡ
ϣڶһ顣
Ỳ⻺߽һһ˵̫ҽš
һæͣ
ỲЦЦ£Сϵ֦ԣû˵
Сشɫú󣬼гֻ֦½ҹˣ۾ӡʲôʱ򣿡
찡Ỳ˵
ס
Ỳҧ֦İ⣬ֽ֦˶Ҳҧ˳ԡŬϲ׽һǸ⣬ŰʽĿ.


101 
֦˵ɬͰһ, һζ
Ŵʣӡƭ˵İɣ
ỲЦЦְһ֦, ιԡ֦֭ճĴһ㣬ǳСҲþӨ
šһȻ˵˵ġ
ǵʲôʱ򣿡ﺬſ֦, ³Ҳ꣬ŽỲ֦ҧ˳ԡ
Ҫ³֦˶, ỲƵݹ
ԥһ£ӲͷƤе֦˶Ỳġ
̫ǵˡۼһȥʷ, ˵ı߽ǵط¼Ỳ⣬ûʲô޳ָĵ֦˶, ŽУƵؽ˳ԡ
, Ƶľٶˣ˵Ǿ仰
˵⻰, ѾǶʾ
ỲӣúÿЦЦָϵĻָ, 
Ỳֳ˼֦ˡ
ǰǰֻͣһӶһˡ
Ỳ, ̺£ȥѰǰʷᡣ
ǰһϸŰ˼, ɲѰ
ҲòѰǰᶼջ١˵йǲСƽʢ뷨ڹҰʷҲɵġ
, »ص¡
ϵ֦ˡ
ỲⴽǵЦǸǰ
Ƭ̺ʰỲǰڶ顪ӢǡǸĹ¡
Ȿ飬ھʱʱڶֻһ־Ҫ꣬ʵּȥйʰʱ򣬰ⱾˡϧûϴҹﱻỲˣϴ·ûȻҲûⱾ顣
շתգܽĽβꡣ
֮󣬲ˣҪҪԡЪ¡
һ۲żܵķ˵òҳȥ
ʰȻҪȥỲ⡣
òţʰ˵˯ˣ̫ͷʰ̫ҽ塣
ƣɺˡ˵
üǵڳֲָĺڰ
ʰҲǵںڰİʲôֻŻĽŲָо¡ԣûƣһһյյơ
ʰǴ򿪲żܺ󰵵ţխխ¥¥ֱ߽һ¥ͷĿ߽ⷿ
һ˰ʰǶסˡ
ҹ棬ɢǳɫĹ⡣ĶǶҹ֮ķ϶ǽڣΪ
Ƕڵҹ飬ÿһŶֵƣûһĿ顣
ðΣСǰߡȹŲڽµҹ飬Ĳȥˡ
ҹ·⡢⡭ֱǱﰡ
Ỳⲻ֪ʲôֻǵºڡ

ỲŰ뿪йȴûֱӻؼҡ
߳ΧһƬ֡ͷ۾йķ
̤й
ʹ̤룬Ҳѡⰵֱӵߣһٴӵµİ뿪̫Ըګoйϡ
ܾйĵвȥѪЩѪשְȾ͸η紵ɹѩ񣬶
Ỳؿصĸоüoйת뿪ûлؼңȥտļҡ

ѾˣտûЪ¡ݵĵû鷿ĵţӳտӰ
ỲƳһ۴ϵӰֱƿ鷿š
רעտһųſڵỲ⣬ȻЩ֪롣֪ỲΪʲôȻܲʲô¡
Ỳɨһտ飬Ǳܳġ·˺ע
Ǳѡһ͸ۼҡỲƵؿڡ
ſţҹķ类鷿ůһ֮ȴһƬڰỲվſڣվ밵֮䣬
аħ
ɵĶˡ
ϢߵһߣЦȡϸƷеʹ졣
տŴỲӡ
⣿
Ӧеġ䣬ȫµҹٵӡˣÿڣû˻᲻塣
һ˲䣬տԶڹ游δȥľɼǼˣһķҩ
տỲ߹ȥ·˺עݸ
Ỳƺе⣬飬û̽ӹǰɸҹܳӡ
飬Ƶ˵תˣѵöԲˡ
Ỳ⽫·˺עӹָҳһҳһҳȥһûпȥ
տ׽齻Ỳĸˡ
Ϊˡտ˵
ҲԣۼҲˡ
ỲƳһۣ뿪
Σտǰã̾ϢһŨҹ

ҹɫỲӻСˮڶϻỲͣǱܳġ·˺עС
ѡ·뽫ӵˮУúˮÿһֶˢһۼֽҳҲõ
Ỳⷭҳҳּ
Ȼе㲻ˡ
ʲôãװѪء
ӵģԸѡҪҲ׼ʱһ͵Ķ࿴һ۶У
ɫ£Ỳּ¶Щ΢Ц⡣
ǣⲻ͸ġ
һ˲䣬Ц

ỲصʱԶԶԺǰʯϡ˫ͷ˼¹ͷճһȦĹӰ
Ỳһ£ʶеǾչ½ȻŻ߹ȥǰӸµ
ʲô
ؼѽ˵
䣬С˸硣
Ỳסļ򣬽˵ҹô죿
ͷԼȹڣ
ỲѹѹѰһ̧̬֣ȴһᡣỲü°̧ͣ
ƴСˮ֪жá
ʲôỲġ
Ỳ֣µͷֱҲ˲ϵᡣһ߲䣬һ˵ҰѡӢǡˡӡǵǸ𣿽һͻĹ¡
ǵáỲƽʱҧŻţ
ϻأԣ̧۾һۡ
ỲЦЦסǣؼҡ
˳ʰȥ
ỲԸ׼ԡˮһȲ衣
ǡ˳ȥ졣
ʰһ£Ҳ˳ȥæˡ
Ỳ¥һһ˵µĽֲˣ
ˡ˵
ֹ¶ࡣҪô𻨿Ҫô˫˫ѳ顣ỲЩɣΪһ׵Ĺ¿޳
˵Ż˽ݡ
Ỳ£ѩӣյǰϸȥᡣ
ӣỲ⣺ҲȫΪǹ¡
Ỳ⡰šһ̬еܡ
ԹԵǰỲ⣬˵Ϊӡˡ
ỲΪĶ˶١
Ŀԡ
ޣµĽǸӣṴˡһССί
ỲһᣬԽԽ࣬ڲڿ򣬹ǵ׹䣬Ỳָһ¡
˫ִϣֻС໥ָ߬ͷ˵ƺЩѣ
ỲûĻᡣ
Ỳֱʱæס½ǣ˵ԺҶӡģЩߣ
Ϊ˼ƣеֻܴһ˻䣬һĥ
ôҪˡ
ҲҪˡ
Ỳⴹ۾Ĭ


102 Ʒ
Щǡ֪㲻ʲôЩ, ˵
Ỳ⣬е㵣˵ˡ
ϻᣬȥֿġ
֮, Ỳſڡ
Ҳǡ˵
üһһϸȥĥỲ򵥵֡
Ỳⴹ۾˹ѹѹԼ޳ָ, Ƶ˵ʵ˵Ŀ廨š˵Ļòˡۼ²ȥ֡
۽, ټٵ˿̽
ȵᡰһ, ̫ŵƳһۡ˿廨ţ²ȥ֣Ļˣ
Ỳ̧̧, ȤζƷʱϰ쵵
ðΣ̵˵жˣš㡢ϸ˵˵
, ԣ
پôôš͡
ỲúЦˡ˵ܻ˺Ѫ, ˵ȱ첲ȡ
˵ġ֪⻰˵
Ỳ⺬ЦĿҪԣĪɢȥһЩ
ʱ˳ţȲ衣
Ỳ˳꽫Ȳͽ, Եһݸ˵ůů, ٱЩҹſڵ˵Ĵ¡
ӹû̺ȡСỲ˵ڻ￴ġĹڼſ, ԶԶůڵģ־ǰµرÿ
۾, ССĵƤӡԶԶҵʱ򣬾Һÿ𣿡
ỲЦһ
˵С˵ԵΪ̫⣬Ҳ̫ˡ
죬̵Ĳ裬Ȼһ˫޹Ỳ⣬˵ΪںӡԲŽʾ֭ѽ
Ỳ££֡
˳ȥַ⹧صʣӡԡˮھȥ𣿡
ȥաỲ
˳ת첽¥ݣȥˮ
죬յĲ贵òôˣСںһ㣬ůӿжһ븹Ӷʱůˡ
£ƫůĹ裬ʹҹҲů͡ǻо庮ë
ֽСڵغ˼Ȳ衣
Ỳ⿴һյһСһСھȹˣƵ˵ۼҽûʲôθڳԵ٣Щ
˳ȥ׼ѽæ˵
Բ£ֻҧҧỲһƵ𣬳һ˿ΣյĻȡյĶߣ˵һԡʱƤϴɾЩ
һһ죬յỲһѣֱߣһȥҡ
Ỳں˵ġ
ϲյӣﶼĪá
һȥˣỲߵǰ½սĳȻųԿ΢΢ǰԿ˻ҡỲָָĻ䡣
ҹʲôҲûعޡ
˯δ˯ʱԺת˸ֱСỲ΢֡ʹů͵Ỳ
ֱ΢øҪ˯ŵһ˲תţֻ󽻵š
ԺУŸոֱϵĴ
ڱỲ֡߬һָģ˯ˡ
˯ˣỲȴû˯š
Щ꣬˯٣һ춯ܾʱۣȴް˯⡣
ָĴỲģȻղˡ
ỲúЦ
ⲻǸ߲˵顣ǵ㴲֮лŮûôҪ
ķ֪һˡ
Լ˵һϲ
أ
ǲһˡ
Ĭ΢ЦȴԶ޳ӵΪ
۶ĳ
һ죬Ϊ΢ЦųĬ
Ὺʼ뷨跨ֹķо
֪ġ
ʹɶ˻ˣҲġ

ҲŻʼҴ˹衣ֻ΢һЩղŵȥϽ˷ˣȴȽ߰źãڹǰð˸ۡū͡
˵ʱһʰ׵ɾ࣬˳Ⱦ
⵹˺˿ǱԶ·ǵ˵طҪð춫ʰסǹ鷳۵ˡ
һ˲ݲϴ˯ˡ
˭ڴסã᲻ڻԼңܹ˯Ĵϣһ˯úܳ
ҹݣƿᣣҵ˯ۣһ·ı˲ɢȥ˲١
˯úܳڴӵֻüҲ֪ǲǶĻ̫Ϥûѹ
²׽˯ţĳֻüġ
գߵʱʵһ
ʲôʱģôҵģҵŵ⡣
ѵЩ٣һ˵ţһǷᣣҪˡ
סҵתһѹӵšûֻۣЩӵҡ
жٸ֮õķֱ
˵
Ϊøϧ
̫ˣˡƣûܽƿ
˾ߡȻѾܾˣʱʱһֲŵ塣
ӵСġ
һΣԸԶԶҪ
˵û뵽ǸյҲˡ
ţЩ鵢ˡҪȻǸ
ʣһ·ࣿûˣ
Цȥ˵ʲô֪δ̽УշתƷ

Ϊ˽£һ˶ѳˡ׼ţ˭ûԡϴ֮󣬸ɴֱȥš
ΪҲʱ˷˹ܸˡ
˵ͥʳ޲緹ʱȴֺǺǵһһʲôزأܰʮ㡣
ùţһˡ
ȥĶȥʮָˡ
Դ˵µҪգȻǰ׼ˣھ㡣
Ҫ˵
ѽȵЩѽŮüȴǴЦ
㸸ģСùġ
˵ˣʮֺСùҪʲô
һ£ҪСùҵĽٸ׳ţӰӯһ硣
ǰѽɱˡ
Ůţ첽ʱһƫƧĴӡһ濴ܴͥԺ
ŽȥſڵһС̽ŵվ
Ƕ˵
Сʹ˵ͷתܣһһָ߰ڿУ˸ڡغ򽫾ˣ
ܿ죬ʮСӸŤŤضվáЩСдСе꣬ʮ߰ˡ
վĶУ˲üһüȺСﶼЩ¡
ˣѧѧУûѧãʡ
Сһͷҿ
սϻô꣬ѵȺǰɪɪȺСʹѾԼĿǲˡ
ȺСӣҲٶ˵תͷԼŮִļϣ˵СùЩ˶ıպ󣬻кܶʧС͵ǶȺСѾͷƬӣܲܰѵһ֧ıȫԼˡ
۾ģ˿վԺӵСǣٿף˵ش˵Сùã
ܽȺŮм䣬ظ֤һܰѵãǲȸ׵ı
Ц

ǧῴź͹Ķ֪Ӧǽʺд͵ˣ˿⼸յη΢ȥһ㡣
˫ϲͳϲĸ㣬ȥʺǶһˣ⡣
ǧ᲻˾޵ĴˣȴܹԣҲͿ


103 
ǧ챸, һСæ˰˼ģֻƶ֡߼б, ǰ㶼ܳһȴ˼Դġǳ֦ʱڣ˵˼, ֦һ㡣
ò˵ǧĳĺáΪ, ĸСҪǶڶʱȴȥרоôһò, ôϵԧá
ˣ׼ˡ˫ϲͳϲװá
Ѿӹ, ҲСߵġĸǿŮˣŮĳԴöһŲȱҲ͵սһ, СлѾߡĸýüԼѾ
ǧøѾǸʫʵʣĽƫС, ûʲôīˮʱͻСֶʶǡ꣬ϲ͸, ˰죬ֽϵĳųϲ˫ϲŵϲʶ, ͸Ѿ֡
ǧỹǵõʱĸֹӣ½ǣе졣
˺, ǧ὿εεظ̧۾ڣͿʼ׼ʳϴЩ͸ﳢû뵽һ, ˶Щ㷴ǳ˻񡣡
ǧ͵ģѰ˵ĵӶСƵģŽˮСŮӵ硣
Ц˵ǧЩĸȣȥЩ㲻ʲôˡ
͹ȥĶЩκͳСҪҪˡŮ̫ˣæⵡ龰Ҳﲻϱģ΢䣬۸ҲǺõġ
ﳢɣ檽ǰʹģ⼸ﶼϲǧ۾Цϸｫһλ˼Դ
ȷϲĸ㡣Ц˵ոϵ³˲ٸ㣬һڶˡ
ЦԸԲʱ
ǧһʧ̲סǲǻʺĸ㣿ֲܿ룬ǳԲء
ǳԲ£ֻǴӹӾ֮¿ʼҲʳ
Щ㱣˵Ҳԡǻʺʱǳ˲١·ĶǶྫϼѵʳȴζ
СĸСĸܽ
ǧæϥҲûע⵽ǧᣬֱȥӣ£СĸʲôʱȥŷݣѾӿⷿ﷭ˣ
ʺϷŷѽС֣ԼſȥзûС
ϹܹȥԼСӷڴ£վȥһҲݵģҷҲܴ󡣹治ܷŷݡ
СԹſСӣеɥ
ãСĸʹ϶ȥŷݡ˵
Цˡĵ˵á
һ۰վһԵĶǧᣬԼ빬ʱ޿龰Ƕ˵ãһŷݰɡ
ǧܳæͷ˵á
ĥһ£Ը£һһˣȥҲ
˶٣˵Ҳȥ͹
ǧһ˼㶡ǧƵĻ¡ǧ´ŵҲûһˡ
ȥ·ϣСš
û뵽ʺƵˡ˫ϲ˵
ϲЦô˵ĺһμʺƵġڽϵʱֲûʺһֱǺܺƵѽ
ǧüȻСѾ߶һۣҲе䡣ǰҲûٶɴֱʱҪɵûŮԸ빬οȾǻᴫȾ˵༲ŮΣ±µ֡
ĬһΣ˫ϲСȰţ˱ġ˵½ŮһҲûٻءն·Ϸ˺˰ݡ
˵ľܲĵģǸһѵ֪ʲôʱǧᵨС룬һԼȾಡǧȦ죬ϾҪ޳һ
Ҳûаһ óƲĽڶšͷٴʵǲòͳȥһŮǰͷҪôѳɻˣҪôѶףͷһͻСֻͽ
ϲ\ڵӵתһȦС˵ū澵˵һӡ
ǧ۾
ϲͷ˵ū˵к̫ܶҶʳ´̫ġϻػʺߵĹ澶Ϊ̫Ⱦֱͻȥˣ
˫ϲ˴ͷ㣡Ҳ֪˵ǹŮǲˣȾǿųն
ޣϲ˵ģϲͣ˵ˣҲȥҸԼ

ϥһˣһڶⱾ齲ǹڲˮũ飬ǿǿ꣬£һԵʰǣˡ̫ҽ̫ҽô˵
˵ֻǳԻ˶ӣûūȥ̫ҽʰ˵
Ŷһ۾ĳҲû˵ʲôСػ˸ƣ£ҲС˯һ
ϣỲûдӰ
룬ҲûȥǼЩʱ䣬һũصĹ顣

գǸ졣һֽۣòãɲԷŷݣõ϶Ĵ𸴺ٵ̴ӴһȥڵС鷿ʼΡҪСĸĿҵд꣬ȥСĸһȥŷݣ
˵СĸҪǰةմ˵ϻǸСĸ
ùţտչΪ
һ˵ϺûǻܱЩԶηⱲӶ벻ɬҩһһůͣǺ¡
տĥεҩ
տԥһ£һʰҩϻһ״˵ǰӡУǱ·˺עҪˡ

Щ벻׵飬˲䶼˴𰸡
տ΢ͣһ£ʮѰ˵֪ӡҲҽǲ֪Ҳ˺о
̧۾ع۲ϵı顣
򴽣ͷʲôҲû˵
տһֱº͵ǳЦҲͷˣ뿪߳ͷһۡ
д˿ҵţԼȥһѡ
ݣЩؿỲȻϣַ顣
ſվһ䴽߹ȥ¡
ӡʱȥѰӡء
Ỳûӻ˵û뵽ﻹϲ顣ΪպС̫׼
ұСϲ顣ʮһʱٷһ
ỲŽеũƹż£̧̧ۣƳʣҪѰۼʲô飿
Ȼ⣬Ҫӡæѽ۾Цؽţո̫ҽҲΪұ磬ӽϵǣٴӾǵй
ỲޱƳһִϵСϣָһûһߵ档
ŵ۾һǸȥűԼ鶼˲áţҲ˳ɻͣ˲ԼĻ£ııֻҴӽԾСĹŮ֪ࡣӡ֪ЩĶׯҪӺõģĳҲõġ
ỲⰲߵĶͣ
ỲĬ̫ãǷСϵһײߣỲָͷüﲻѽ
ỲⴹۣƳϸָ
ϸһۣĿ½ջ죺ˡ¶ƺҲʡһȥʾ
Ỳջ֣ɫԵЦ


104 
Ỳ⻺̧, ɫؽһĨǳЦˣһޱ·ոմһĨЦڹ
ˡ
ģʲôģ
ϸϸһ, ȥĥỲ⻰˵տģ˵˻ίĶģ
ֻĥƬ̣üۺЦü, ˵ҪȻˡý˿ɲõڽϵʱи㣬֮ͷǳܡÿκͱ򳳼, Ҫý˿Ӻ˰ˣһǲýˡ
ü˵, żСĽɡ
Ĺ۲Ỳϵı飬ҲЦһ, վߵһԵ³ȥ·һ·, һ˵һҪ϶ȥŷݣǾޱ԰
ỲĿıӰ, ӯһյ֪Ҳ̫ܱܣʣﻹԷŷȤ
СʱͦϲġڵǾûʲôȤζ϶ϲ, ҪȥġԼ˼һԲ㡣
ѡһɫȹӡůɫ˵ůоѡһܱɫԽ
΢ԥһ, ҲûܻỲ֪ҲȻؽؿڵϵϵĳȹ, ȥ¡ҪѡɫԽȻע⵽ԼɫĲɫ¡
ůͣɫĶϵ, ɫ棬ҪԳһ㡣
˫ֱ󣬹ס°ں󱳵ϵᣬϵ½һԡóһѩ׵¡
ỲϣĿһҲΪδıӰ뿪
ɫĳȹأҲȹӣصȹӽһ˫СΧһȦ
ϵĶ£ҲСֱµϵ⿪û׹ŵϵ൲ǶԺƺܳ
̧³¡Ỳߴ󱳵ĺǰƣֱ̧һĻȡ
һѩ׵׹ͷͷھһ¾ѩɫĺ󾱹սĻȡǰ·ϣһ˫Сִ࣬̽ȥϸϸָ⹴סϵȻͣͷ
⣬һ¡
Ỳۣ䣬ȴԾŻĲӳ߹ȥ󣬽ӹϸָŵ´ӣΪ󱳵ϵ
˫ѹؿڣЦͷ˵һЩ̫ˡ
Ỳһۣϵϵɿһ㣬˹ظϵ˸ᡣ
ĵĴҲϵãԼȥ·Ȼֻûɫ£ỲС
Ỳ봹ۣûʲô飬·ϣֽȹҲ޳ָųĴؿȹƵزȦתϵؿϵá
ˡ˵
ͷߵһԵױ̨ǰһ֬
Ỳڵϵȹӡ
һѩϲǳ֬һ˵ˣǲǵ֮ǰȥһҩҩҿϰ飬ǮԸҡûа취ֻø飬ûȥܳһ
Ỳ⽫ȹӷ³ŵĹ棬߹ȥ
ǵáỲ󣬴ͭ
ǱǸ̫ҽġ֬һǶűʯľӣһѿ֬ѡһΪҳöأո̫ҽ˵кЩҳˣܶطӡܲܰæѰһԭѽⱾѰ
תһһ֬һ¡СüضЦɫĸÿ
ỲƳһۣ˵ǳ졣
üе㲻ˣƺѡˡ
Ůʷķ˵ɫɣͿʲô֬ÿƵŵ㽿̧ţýżỲСȣʣѧûУ
ỲЦһ߸Ľżߡ
࣬׽ױ̨ϡһױ̨߰Ŀ֬УûѹĸҲûĸϣŷġ
϶ڵأ
Ỳû˵ǽǳɫǸ֬ùָһ֬˹ͿԼĴϡ
ȵ
֬е㣬Ҳе𣬲֪ʲôӽ
ỲָŴһȦٲһЩַ֬һȦͿĨʹǳĿ֬Ҳ쳣ʺɫΪòһĨĕi
ỲüеճĸоƳһԼָָҲմĿ֬תߵ³ǰµǼɫ£һָϵ֬һ߳߹ȥ
˫ֳ࣬۾˵ɾ
ҡҡͷһӺҲϵĿ֬֬һЩȴһЩĴϡṴĲӣȥԼĴСȥһ֬ԼĴϡĴҲɫʣȻٱ۾еػţɫȹĲˡ
ˣỲƽϡҲΪѻһԭ͸տ

ųºͲȥǾޱ԰Ǿޱ԰Ǿޱȴøá
ǣϵС֣ԶԶǾޱ԰ûǾޱͤ۵һƬ̺졣
ݻʱһǾޱͤʱ͹ɡͶѾˡ
ǳЦһߺͼ˵һ߿С̫İ·ŷݡ
ܺãǷŷݵĺʱҲбļСܳŷݣԶԶƮϵķݣȥʶļǹһ档
ǧСʣʺϿɳǼˣζô
ˣܺóԣ֣ڼ壬úóԵġ˵
㰴չտȷ
˵ǧʱĵЦ֪չļλλݶܸߣĸﲻ𣬺һ𶼵սľҹЩ׺Ƶλ
Щ֪ҾͲˡЦ˵
С̫С̫඼ʳУ߹ʳĸˮһһϡ⼸ָУ춡ǧ͹Ƿ֡
ǧԣ½Щ˴ĸ㡢ˮ֮ǰϰϵĸˮһ¶û
ǧˡʺǰڵԶÿδԶĶһڶ
֮󣬶ǧη塣ΪʺڹҲҪ
һ紵ڳ֦ƫƫ߲ܿھԶĲϡ
紵ȹǣϵ·ȥϡһŲ˰벽ֳ˳ϵ·
һĿڲĶϡ
Ǵյһ˵˵ЦЦ̸ȹӡ˵ȥ϶
һɽǣȥ˵ȥ϶
ǡȥ
ϺͼСһ߷ŷһܣܳǾޱ԰
һɽǷڿгԣ˵Ҽǵ֮ǰɻڣ
Уֻǲô߶ˡʵ˵
ͷ˵Ҹսʱɽ͵ߣҲ١µǲ빬ʱһõ˶ûС̽׸ټҲǴ¶
һۣЦţǰҲĸµļء
ͷɫӡ
ЦЦ˵ˣ˵˵С̫඼͵͵Сǡ
ǿЦЦе㲻˼˵ǣūƢǲ̫á⹬ҲΪӣŲᱻ˵󡣡
ͷ״˵汻۸ˣҲұѽ
һɽǳԣȻʣµǵݸ飺Щ԰ɡ
ѿϣǰȥѰ


105 
Ͽ, ˵ش£Сĸ쿴ţݷɵúøร
Цŵͷͷ۾ƮϵķݡܽĴһЩ, ٴһЩ˴ŷɵȥȤġ
￴ġ
ֻǵʱ, ȴ־òʵοݷɵø, һǣܷɵöԶһ, ɰķݳֲִϻأøϵ³, ݻ˵أǣҲͬû塣
ҪҪԣСŮ߰, ЦһСѡ
ͷӹСŮ, ŷݡ
ʱ͹ɺͶǧᶼˡãʺ߷ŷ, ҲԸǾޱͤˣϹһŷݡ
̫ŷ, ЩѾؿϸߡƫƫϵķԣϾƵġһݵ߾ͳˡ
еһ, ϵķݣɵŷһȻһͷȥ
, ǷɲԸὫ߳ϡߵ˲ȣҲὫ߳ϡ
ʺķݶߣСŮæܹȥݡ
һǻʱпտҲûǸݡüѯʣûѰ𣿡
䣬ͿԶỲ⡣Ǹһķݡ
СŮϥūѰʱϣò׽ʺķȡֱӡҪȥˡ
һ仰СŮû˵ʵỲǼߴߴ˵ǻʺķݣŻҪ
ͷĿڳ߹Ỳ⡣
Ỳⲻϲй԰oйټٽ֪Ϊνջй
Ỳ߹ϵЦʶܿһЩ˵ոջЦŵСŮС̫ǣǸͷؾصغ
ǧῴֿǸỲ⡣ֻһۣ;ȵ΢΢ſ죬ŹлյӡţȻʶ߹˭͵ӼСѸٷ˰ףæηصͷ
ķݣỲߵǰ
šͷỲݹķݽӹ۾ȥݡȻ˵أȴûʲô𣬳մһҶӣһкúõġ
ݵݸ£һۡ
ЩỲΪʲôйĥһ£֪ʵһҪϻĳΪ̫ӡֻ֮·ͬСɡӺȻͽʹʵһҧĺӣҲҪǲĻӡ䶼ֹʵ۽ȻֵĺΪ̫ӡ
ѵỲйΪ£
ţỲڣпգЩҪ˵ĺ˵
áͷ
뿪ˣλҲظסϺͼСڷŷˣǰ˰ֺͰտϡ
ǧߵʱȻڷ
ƫѾҳ⡣
ϲһ˫\ڵģŶǧᵽһԵĽ䣬С˵ˣū˸⣡
ʲôѽǧʡ
˫ϲҲ
ϲѹū˵ʵǰ˵ӡѡ˲ȥͶӡˣϱȻҲˣ
ʲʲôǧϸҲŲ
ū˵òȥͶӡѽȥӡʳȥʵȾ˿ɽ
ǧˡ۶һȶһֱˡ

ỲصԸ˶ҪţغỲߵݡŹϣתỲ⡣
Ỳʵ¡
첽ߵǰʣʲôѽҪ飿
Ỳ⡰šһȴû˵ʲô顣
ʲôѽ׷һ顣
Ỳⴹۣûʲô顣̧֣޳ָ﷭ö䡣΢ͽ˩źĺˡ˵ĺַŵһԣʳָϣƵתš
һֱĪĶõԤѵʲô̫õ飿
ѯʵ׷ʲôصʱỲ⿪ˡ
Ӱ뿪ȥѰۼҵʱ򣬾ۼҸ޵ΣỲʡ
ΪʲôȻǰ˲両ҹ̳ɵ·ͷ˵ÿģǳɫšΪ϶飬ɫǳҲЩ߰ɫʡ
Ỳ⳶һĴǣЦһ¡̧̧ۣվǰ˵ոۼ뿪ʱȻ룬ɫ
üͷԽ˵ʲô
ỲȴѾס˵߰ɡ
㶸ỲӲżܺİ¥ѾŪˡٵģʲôҪҪ˵ûеģ
Ỳһֱǣ߽ҹİŲͷǳɫǰɿ֣˵ȹӺFˡ
ŵ̧ͷʣҪʲô
ỲƵ˫ֳ̧࣬ͷС˵ۼѾûмʮˡ뿴һ
ҧҧ
Ỳ⺬ЦҲҲƣֻǰصȴ
ðΣͷسؿڵϵỲ˵ȻʹӵỲϡ
Ỳ͵͵Цϵȹ˵תȥ
תŲͷǳɫ
ɫӰķ䣬ˮӳϣϵѩһĨǳɫӰ
ỲƯɫ̧סϸȣơ
Ƶؿڣɻǵϻۼҵһ
е죬ҧŴС˵ˡ
ỲЦһЦеŹ֣ﲻۼҸۼҧҧ
۾ŸǳɫӰȻеãȻ
Ỳ͵͵Цţ֡˺⡣ͷһۣ˵Ỳ⣬Ĳˡ
ỲЦøʣ֪
Ĭ˺һ˵·ˣ㡣
ỲЦ
ཀྵ֣Ŀԣ˭Ҳûٿڡ
ðΣݹİ˵Ҳ𣿡
Ỳһ£Ȼ̧˫ۡ
ЦˡǳɫҹӰӳ£ЦҲűλ˳ԡ𴽽ȥỲ¡
Ȼȥᱧ
һϸˡ
Ỳⴹۣ۽ƫͷ
ʱԸһ㶼ûͲϣûϣʱ

ỲǴӺŽģʹ̫ԸūoйأǴӵú뿪
¥ͥԺҪߵԺʱת¥ݵĴڡ
ڴǰ΢΢ͷ١
УתͷӴȥԺſڵỲ⡣ԶԶľ룬һۣҲٹܻδõ٣ؽžһˡ

߸˺Ϊҧҧ˹شҲ
ӡ˳ϹỲӾǻˡ
Ỳû˵ĿѾϵĴڡΣƿߣɷġĸ֡
Ỳջߣйؼȥ
˳˵ţŲͣһֱ¥ߡ
鷿չһŰֽڳϣȻĥʣдġ񷡱֡
ȥҡӽ𣬻ʺĺ¥ӡ
ڻ㡣
¥Ѿסõˡ
ǡ˳ӡ֡
ˣó̫֡Ỳ˵
Ỳıʼ̫ϳֳסδػỶϲỲɫް


106 ؼ
˳Ỳдõ, ЩԡЦ˵ӡֺÿý̫ȵϡ
ỲƳһۣ˳Ц, ٲҶһ䡣Сؽŵַ£ת¥ȥ¡
ıʼϣʺӵĸ¥, ˷顣˲³˶ߣ, ַԸ
ỲⲦŪָϵĺ侲һߵǰ, ˷Ѱ, Ȼָϵĺٴתúϵ, ¹ھϡ
߹ȥݵ֦˶޳ָ̽ˮ, һһţ֪Щ֦˶ݵòˣ̳ѩ, ¥ỲͥԺһϽĵط, ʮ֦˶ȥ
Щӻᷢѿٽһ֦ЩӾ˻ʺĿ, ֦һζ
Ỳ֦˶
˳ȥջỲʱỲ⺰ס
ۼҵĴ촲᣶ɫ, ǰŪáỲͣ£ǳۡˮƣźɵϡ
˳ﾪȼˡɲҶʣҲҰڳȵıصӦһǡȥ¡
ʹ˳ڲصٺãỲ⻹һۿ͸
££̧֣¥ȥ
ĳΪĹ뷿۷۵ģҲΪϻ
Ȼû

ɫҴң߹ܶһ۵ũլԺͣ¡ţԺȺ˺һ洫ŲСԺ˽Ժƿһ죬ŽԺŴ򿪣ȥ
ء
ͷԺţ첽ͥԺˣ׵ͷ뷢԰ףǸոǸ˿˵
Ѱʲô飿ʵ
ڣϵ˼ɳϡϸλֵˡ
ü
˵Ѿ͵ߣҲΪ̫ӣֻǿϧ񳯳ԲʡͣⲻϲµλáҪתΨгΨһĻӣϣ
ҡͷտڣ˵ЦˡϣĸҵıãҵıȻȥɱӣôܣ
ɣĪҪ£
£˵ұõĶӣûݹϵڣҲ޹ĺͯΪĿɱ޹
ҡͷ̾˵Ĵγɴ£λ˫ָɸɾģɣҪǵĴ¹ܽСΣϽ
Ҫ˵ˡ飡Ȼת
뿪֮ļ˼š
Ǻã
ҵ˵ˣλӲסˡ
Ҳ֪ôѡةλáǵлκһةλϣСͱΪ̫ˣ
˵ЩΪʱҪһôźáҺҲֻܿ
תȥȸдһţߵ㱨ȥ

ģͥԺеһ£һڶ֮ǰ䣬һҲϳšɫůͣǺͥԺ湧ż
֮ǰÿ˶׼˲ͬµһ顣ԥһȡҲԺ
Ӱ죬ߵļҲѰ飬ټٵضš
Ժƫһ£ڶƫһĵطŮΧʯԣڶ顣Ǻܶ඼ʶֲ࣬ʶֻѯʣССģ³ˡ
ݺͰˣͰСʯšмС̫ɴ̨ϡ
ϱҪСľ¥ܳͿСĸһȺŮ̫ͥԺĴڶ飬ģġ
ͷҲľˣСС̫ȥСűʣϰд֡Сֱֱͦģ־ҪһƯĴ֣Сĸÿ
ַһҳ飬תɨͥԺЩˣ˼ֻϲЦݡ
ܶʱ򣬽ԶͶĿȾ
ƽʢܻͥԺҪ£ԺһüӣԭĻ˵͵͵һ䡰üһ
ϡ߽ͥԺ쳤ӺؿҶڿʲô顣
ü˵ã㵲ˡ
١ƽʢ˵ֲǹģʲôѽҵĺý㡣
һۣץ½ְֱקһȥ
ƽʢһ·Ц˵Сüͷġһʱ򣬿ɿˡҪҾͲø㡣
һֶһ¡æʣĿģ
ǰͷҪ˶þ͹ƽʢЦġ
æվ첽ܡļ߰˲ԶԶӰֺȻ뵽Լ̫ܵ죬²ӣѹѹ½ǣż첽߹ȥ
̧ۣ˼ŲıӰһ㵣ǡ
Ҳ˳Ĳ飬ɼӿ˲ӡ
߽δüڣ˽
ܾõ§§ã뽫ƿ˽ȥ˵ס󣬾˲ίʵͱ
εЦˡһ˳ζ˵ǾһŶ
Ҫ󣬽ȴƵϣ߬С
ͥԺƽʢ쳤˲ӣЦͥڣҲ̫˹
ҡҡͷ˵㶺ʲôҲ˭ϱ
¡
ʾ˭ӣ
ƽʢգգۣɶզţǰô˵黹ӡϱ
Ȼڶ飬ҲһûһǼѾѹ̸һ£űӡϱöЦˡ
ְһţü˵ߴߴʲôأò˿ˣ
ݺͰƽʱ࣬ǽ˵ãΪǴӶģȺС̫඼еƽʢӣڸ£ץһ
Цָϵһȥʳ£½㣬ʲô
һȥ
е̧աؼ䡣
ŸʰʰȥỲĸۡȴȻС̫档
ĸסң˸˷顣
ϸļҳдż㣬һҳһҳһһֵضţǰɸĸȰüۣ۽ǲɷ˺졣飬ؽ¡һͬģһźɫСްһɫ޶ĸ壬뿪ĸͿʼΪЩˡ
ȦЦް붷ϸܵš
ھͻؼҼĸ˵ĸһһЦһüָͷͷ˵ҵСϣ
Ҫĸ
ϡ
ʵ߳ңϾͺˣȲĳ򣬸ûʺݻؼҡ
ԣ˼ҪͨйĻҡ
ʰüﲻ˵ҪȥӡȻȥˣӡ᲻ģ
ԥһ£ǾҡðỲһˣỲԼղܹȥˣҽԵҲ˵ðݴһ仰˵աանȥ
ˣҪĻ
üɡ
һ仰ĵףû˼롪Ѻ塣
ŰֺʰǴҹ̵صİ뿪йܿƽʢһ׼õϻҡ
ϣͷϵȹӡһǳɫȹӣͷϵҲýʯֻһ֧һ黨
ĸϲɷ۷۵ӡ


107 
ԴʥּΪ, ǧȥ̫̫ճҲԲôҲãÿ춼ڵС˹ҪԿͷϾǴСߵŮųġСͺܶ, ܺġ
ˣϵǣǧ, һӹǿܲˡԣ֪ʵּʱǨ, ̫̫Ҳסˣ˵ʲôҪϵ, СĸŮ
ҺùҲԶһ, ҲһζˣҲǵּǹ˲
ΪԪȽŲ, ֻȥӡҺʱϻյҵڶվͳȥ̫̫Ҳû̫̫Լ, üûйְλﱲ̫̫һ󷿵Ĺ֣һġǰǴСĵճӡǶĵӣҲ׵ܵܡ
˽ӻ, պǿҪŵʱ򡣳ֻȲ˻û¹˵˲ſʼ
ҵλֵ˵, ̫̫Ůʳʶ顣
ĸױˣѾȥй˵߰ˡ˵һﻶϲúܡֻ񵽵Ϊʺ, ֲ㣬ٽȥ˵
úúá̫̫ͷ̾˿Ů˵ﻹǵСĸβܡ
Χ, ûпҵӰȻ֪Ӧæµ֮£ɴҼȱһ顣
Ѱ˸ڣȥû߽ȥʹӿŵķſҵӰϲɴ˼Ц첽߹ȥ
˶׼ؼ鶼šοԼˡ˵ֻҪңͻ᲻ɵȥ
ֻǹһۣҪǰȥءЦ˵
ŮһҩݸңҽӹüҩȥվһԶŵֿζüʣôںҩˣ
ҽ뽻ѾߣûУĲҩˡ
˵ţ߳Ҫǰȥ̫̫ʱֻһ棬͸ޣڵùȥˡ
첽׷ȥ׷ʣʲôĲҩô˻Ҫ
Сҵһۣ˵ЩŮӵҩˣûʲôġ
ֶЦЦ첽ǰȥˡ
ԭأü
ǰ˼֪ûعͷѽλܻ˵ء
żǰߡ
һһҪʱļͿ첽ܽʡʺˣ
ʲô
ޢޢˣ̫̫æվ죬ҳȥ
̫̫ߵӸæ߹Ҫˣ˵һĸףĸһȥϾҲЩûŮˡ
Ҳæ¿ȥӭ
Ӱߣļ˼ʹ쳤˲ӣҲʲô
߸ߵżƹӰڡˣļˣոջļҲƹӰڳֵ
ҵСĸϣ̫̫һѡ
еͷȴЦ˵ǣǵİˡ
ͥճЦӯӯ۾βŲõЦϲϲغһѣ
ŴŴģԾ˼ֽеŴΪ˼ζȥҲ
̫̫ιһСĸˡŮһѡֱӺĿϡ
ȹӣ첽ĸܹȥ
̫̫һ˵šܣܡһƿŮ֣첽ȥӭŮֱٵýˣſ˫ۣСĸ˽ļ˵ıҵСޢޢඡ
ϴż˸С
һϵ·Ƴһ۸ļˣüʣ͵͵ܳģ
ĸĻƵءšһ
̵ô͵͵ܳûб˷֣Ȼԡ
ˣ̫̫һۣ㻰ôô࣬Żҵޢޢ
ͷŻ̱üЦǣ֣ҲȫСӵȥ˵
ţͷֺĵͷԹԺ˱磬ȻĻϲغĸݡ
εҡͷЦЦ
ֺҲЦȻֵܼϰ̫̫˲̫̫ƽȺﱲ˭Сʱû̫̫أƫƫֻҪС첲̫̫Ҫ̫̫üЦ
ӾˣȺû˭СáʱҪʲôˣ֪ԼҲûãڡ
԰顣
̫̫ǣŽݣûȥȥʰǼ䣬ȻŽȥһԷ
һֵس˷̫̫ȥ˵ʲĻƵġ
ԹԵһһ𻰣Ҳȫ˵ʵǱϲǵġίǱ̸ܿתƻ⣬Ǳһٶر׷ʣֻ˵һЩССĻŻʵڲУԱѣ۾
ȻǧҪ˵̫̫ʹһ·֧ʵǲܾóţֳţǰƣ롣
ѣ˵ѽ
Ŵ̫̫ĶУ̫̫ͷصƤ˯ˡ
СظĸǺñӣڴ˫ĸһŵسȥ
Ȼѳޣ빬ΪȻ⸮ۡǺðģҲ׼˿ķ䣬ĲúƷǰĹ뷿һģһ
ѾǰҹˣҲʮ롣ŹǷطȥ뷿ﱸСңʰѾˮ׼ˡ
һ߽·һ߶ʰ˵̫ˣȥϢɡʰͺá
ʰӦˣ·ڼϣת˳ȥ
ûˮĸо޿ײϮ۾ƮƮȻ
һˮ᲻۾̵ص˵ʰǣ˵ȥϢõʰ
˵ĸ֪Щٶۡ
һʶԾ۾ỲĿ⡣վ棬ڿ
һҲ֪ǱỲͻȻŹЩˣ뵵ˮӦٶˡζݵ֮û֮ǰξ
Ỳ˫ֳԡͰԵս۾Ƶ˵
ˣ˼ɿת²ѲỲ⵱ΪûйȥҪ
šͷʵʵ˵
Ỳⶢ۾һƵʣﻹм磿
һ£µỲӦǺǰˡˮеǰŲŲѹԡͰԵյỲǰ˵߸硣һı硣
ỲⴹĿƳһ㶼ԾС
ƫ۽ǹһĨƤСƻ˵ңҲҶáǰ˵߸磬ޢޢأ
βһء֣ҧҲصġ
ỲֱޱƳܻӭ
Ỳֱ۾Ŀ׷Сմһˮ顣
Ỳָ˹ز˲ǼˮŪʪС
ʪָ˹ز˲Լࡣ
ѾݵòˣˮվһˮεĻ졣
Ỳ⽫Ŀˮ鲻ϻӣ߲𣿡
û˵ȥỲϵ
Ỳ⼸ǱܵҪֹ̧Ķһۣ֪зִ磬ַ̧¡
½ɢ½ظ֡ʪС๴ʪյӴչȥӵ


108 
ỲʪյСĴǲһ㡣ܿ, ֽһϸСĻѹȥӣӦ˷Ӧֱӽˮ谮Ỳⴹ۾, ļ米Ŀϵˮ¹䣬ѣֻƬ£Ƭҵ, ỲⲢܿǵ𽥱СˮչҲˮС
ỲΧˮˮûѩɫȣϸ΢, ƮʲժĻꡣ
˵
治, úһ
Ỳ̾, ˵ۼҵѶŪʪˡ
СʪСһ˫ӨӡҲ
ỲЦһ, ۡڼװųľľ϶ͣһ½Ŀƻ, Ŀ
ЦЦݹִɡ
ỲҪΪЦǷĵĻϲǺƭסС, ๴Сַֿһ࿴һ, Ȼȥò޽˵ɾȥ˯ˡ
͵͵һỲɫƲ, Ŷһ˫ֳԡͰ̧, ȲԡͰĽŵʡ
ʱ̫ˣʰ׼ʱ˸̺òȽŵӡվڽŵϣûŵӣãȻһ£ȥԼЬš
ȻСʪϡһûȵЬӣˤһա
ỲͷͿһСڵϡŵʱŪˣֻЬҲԶԶײ
תͷǵôѽ
ӱ׵ģίί˵ĻȴģһƶûС
ỲЦһ߹ӯһյϸˤ۵ƨʣŤŲӳȥԼƨʡ
Ūˡšü
˵ж࣬ɹˤʵǾøϴϴˡ
ỲʢСľ裬ʢԡͰˮһƨʣһ߹ԹԵ߹ȥỲվã˫ִԡͰϡ
Ỳ⽫Сľˮ˳ļ絹ȥϣˮʣأű߾һСˮ
Ỳ˵
ԥһ£Ų鲻Ը
ỲСľʢȵˮϣȻùһѩɫصáõļϣѹ²ϴѩɫδƵʱʪĺƼ们䣬ڵϡ
ỲƳһڵϵѩɫҲûƣΪϴ
ʪĴ̲סһ¡ỲƳһۣͣһСľҨȵԡˮһΪϴ
ỲոҨˮԡͰˮ滹ˮƮŵĻΰΣˮӳԼˮҲŲΣ̫ˡȴܿỲϴĶ𽥷˺졣
֪յվԲΪСȡ
ðΣС૰㣺˰ɡ
Ỳ֣һֻǰҲſСľˮ˳ԼָȻһ޽չӰΪϵˮۡ
תỲ⣬͵͵̧۾һۣѸջߡ죺Щˡ
ỲƵ˵ۼź˵Ĵʵ࣬Īӡ
Ⱥͽϵˮնɾˣȥ¹չСһԼϡҲỲæԼٴáһ˫ɾЬӣ첽ߡ
ʵ̫ˣھ뵽ϵţůıúõ˯һ
Ỳ߳ȥıӰҲû̸ȥߵԡͰԣװųľľĳľóȻľʢһԡͰϴˮ
ˡ
Ỳָ˲մʪĴǣЦˡ
Сʺ󲻽ԼġģϴˮҲġġ
Ỳ⽫ľ£߳Сң߹ȥ߶½ţ׹Ǽ䡣ʪ˴Ƭ
ỲƿǳɫĴᣣѾ˯ˡıӸǵ°͡˯е۾ģֹỲڴ߶һߵӣ¡УȫϢ
ỲչȥҧסĶ䣬ĥҧ¡
ߵüӳһ㡣ΪỲСҧˣỲûҧỲʪ˴Ƭ䵽ϣʪĸоˡ
СỲΪذһ۽޺ڿУȻȾʪࡣ
ɺã˯ŵ˸ĥһһĻüֶһСС㡣
ỲⴹһȻֶؽϵ·ˡ
㲻

Ҫͣܶ˶پ̫̫˯߲˼ҡ˯úҲ컹ûأˡ
ݲϴͼȥ
ڣʱʺﻹû˯ءڵô϶ء̫̫ߵЦӯӯ˵
֪֪ޢޢ̰ߣ֪ܲ𣿲µģȥҲ߿һ뵽ɵӣƽǰ̫̫üЦ˵ˣǰҵʱ򣬶ٻϹȥҾߣ˯һ
̫̫һ˵ţһķȥ
룬ҲûȰˡǰҵʱȫҴӵūŶ֪̫̫۰̫̫˵̫̫ÿ磬Ҳʱȥ﷿УС˯һ
һ棬̫̫ʵϲһҲǵı壬ܵ˯˯žҲѲ
̫̫ʱʰҲǸѡŹǷ·Ųæ°·ãܳȥ̫̫˵ﻹûأ̫̫üʳָڴǰ׼
ֱ̫̫ƿķţ˽ȥ
ʰ룬ǰʱ̫̫ʱһҲûʲôŹǷֻݡ
̫̫±˳ҲûָţԼŵ߽ȥһ·һСЦʣޢޢûѰɣ
ƿһɲǣȷ˯ţỲ⽫ˡ
ѣһ߻ŵش·һӦһ
̫̫ͣ½ŲЩ⣺ޢޢѽ
ֻü첲ӣϵûüϵáƿӣɫ׵ؿԼĿӲˣѵԽԽƺֻźĴᣣæͷ̽ᣣǰקŴᣣڵֻԴ̽ȥһһָֻỲƣϵµϵϿӣһЦӯӯ̫̫˵ѣôھ͹Ҳ˯һѽ
Ỳ̧̧ۣƵؽµϵϵáȻڱ﷭˷ҵһһӡסĽ󣬽ֱӡ
ĶˣҲľս
ֲǲ֪˯ôľ̫̫ﻶϲϣֻ¶ŸԴʲôŶ
Ỳһȡ
СŲӲɹƣ÷ỲѿӴϡһһŲȣҪ̽ᣵԴŬѿߡ
ѵĻ۾ЦѰѣ˯òʵ·Ūѿ
ϣСָ̫̫ͷ˴üģ·˲˼ѿʲôѴŶ
Сȶ˿ȣϱЦȴˡ


109 
Ỳ, ΢ϥ̧һ㣬ÿԽŴ齵ϥǣٽȵϥ̧һ, ÿҲԽϥǡ
Ϊ˷ɢѵעһСЩʱһһ˵, ʱ򿴼ʰ𣿡
ˡѾͷѣûϴء
ѽغʼ, ҿҵˮȺòѽ
úúá̫̫һ, תߵԣ˻ˮˮǶ˵, ˮһҹ̫˰ɣ
Զԣæ˵, ˮ̫ˡˮҪȷˮ
úúá̫̫, ƿȥԸ֡
æһĿͬʱ̽ᣵԴջȥݺݵصỲ, һһڿͣԺ͵͵·
ǣ, 
׵ӣỲȻһɳ嶯ֱӽ£ҧҧ
Ѿֽ, ʱỲƽϣٵһۣæӴ, ڴߡҲܽǽƣСֻ˳ȵĴཻô¶һķ϶
ڶڴϵĴ¶ˡ
һ߽ĴҲƸڵطһ˵ѹ
̫̫Цӯӯ߹
ϵɫȴһĴƣ¶Ỳ·һǡ
Ѹתͷſڵķ򣬾һ֩룡֩룡
ĶأĶأ̫̫æ˳Ŀתּǰ۾֩롣
⹦æỲ·ʹỲЦϡ
ҿˡֻǴӴսĹӳĴӰӶ
̫̫˿һЦ£һ˵֩ͺáҵޢޢЩСˡ
̫̫ͷһûд򿪵Ĵᣣƺ뽫ᣳ
æͷѵļϣץѵ˫Уûˣ벻ޢޢѽ
ꣿȥ뿪ҵġڶѮˡ߸ˣ̫̫̾˿ʱǹ⺢ӡ
ޢޢҲѡѵ֣ģѲõңҺúõءƿǲɫúã
СѿԼ
̫̫ϵĳݵȥЦ⼸£ܵܿࡣͷһοʹСٴβزۡĵطƫһλϣ̫̫ôܲޢޢأ
ڿСȥɫҲûͿѣɫҲαװΪǹòãȻɫ
̫̫΢˷ġ
̫̫Ǹֹ۵ӣɢȥʼıԺˡ˵տǺӿɻչţ
ڵġ̫ҽԺỲе㲻̫տ
Һ̫̫Ҳûտ˵Ҫչ˺ԼԼΪءʵȾಡ󹬵ŮΣաעЩ
֪̫̫ʲôæסѷģҲȾǲġʵ۲ϲңҡ
ʵǲ˵ģֻ
ò̫̫ЦҾҲ˵ЩĻϵⲡزܳ١ǻʼҡҡҰҪ췴ǿ̫ˡޢޢøԼ·ϡ
ôģͷգ۾ѡ
ܱĺӵϻλպ̫󡣿·һ㶼ߡǺףҲǸӵ͡䶼ɳ˵Ķޣǡǻʵϼٹ죬Ǻٳ㣬ҲöЩʱЩպڳа
ţ֪˵ĶԡҲġ
·ܲߣĬһ̫̫֣Ц˵ҪǳˣޢޢԺ̫󣬿ɾඣ
ҲЦЦǴδҪʲô̫
̫̫Ŀֶ˼ϧСʱ̫̫Ϳʼǰѡң˭롭
ֹ̫̫֣Ц˵ʱޢޢסݰ׳ƯģҪӺûޢޢ˵ģǱȼ˺öˣ
һɼǵỲ⻹ڴأ
æ˵Ҳģѣ˵
̫̫ȫСС˼ˣ治˵ʲôף˵һ·ǲ߰¶¹ǱĻӻ췴ɹޢޢܺúı뿪ʹǵطտδҩȥ游Բһܼҩ
ҩ
һһ㶵ģѿѽ
̫̫˵ţ͵͵˹¿ʼʱѸ÷֪Ϊʲôıϴ϶ˣ̫̫ǿǺӵġҲı磬Բııѡ·
Ỳ˰̫̫߶ûвͷͦȤζġǣŴᣣƨϵ⣬һѡ
Ӳһ
̫̫оˣæʣôǲ
һ㡭εЦЦҪǶˡѣȥŰɣޢޢȺϹ࣡ŵʱȷˮ
ã̫̫ü۴ЦװȰ
ȳȥһѡ
̫̫ЦЦ֪СˣȻеģͷ˵ãǰ㡣
ţ۾ʹͷ
߳ȥŹϡ
æ̧ȽᣣỲѵĻˡȷˣصỲ⣬ָѹ֣
ƵģǴԺ̫һѹɵףǼ빬޸÷ˣı硢磬һ
֪˳ỲĻ˵ȥȻԽԽࡣƫʱȣѻǰš룬˫ǰһƣƵĴϣȻϡ
̧һѹỲĲϣĴָָѹĺᡣһָֻıӣһ˫Բʹ
ѹѵ⣺ңˤĵطأһѣ˶
ĸһһ٣ҧгݡ
ỲȤζƷС
ıһɿԲͣ봹۽۽ǣĴһ£̶ཡеƷ·һɢȥҲſỲš
Ỳľ࣬ߺһѩزỲľ࣬һ࡭
ƫƫỲϵĴָᲦһ¡
ỲŴ齶˷ɫʣɫһ˲䣬Ỳˡ
֣޳ָճȭ𽥼أȻһɿ̧֣ĺԣѹѹøЩ
ǣỲ⼫ἫЦһҲһЩ˵ǰ𣿡
֪ΪʲôȻ
ҡͷĶỲľࡣ𻰣ץỲ֣ȥһࡣ
ĺۡ
ȻϵһӲᣬ˵˺ôһ顣
ỲƸˤ۵ĵطЦЦ˵ϱӣһֻĺ꾫
һæšüһۣ˺һӡ²û˵ˣҪȥˡ
˴Ьȥ³·ģʹûס³Ҳ·
ǺûỲµӰ
бۼû


110 
̫̫, ûŵʱȻҶˣ̫̫ûʹһ, ֻ˳ԡǰҵʱһӵһԣֻһĻ˵, ļЩƤŲš˶ೳԵòġ
ԭӽϹӦһá̫̫Ҳ, ֻ˵һԡ
ŵʱ̫̫ԼûԼ, ʼüЦԶСһһڽϹͽУ̫̫ñԼԽﻹ㡣
ſ, ʼᡣ
Сǲһܶ, ޲ʱʱΪǡ˼ҾŲθںˣǾʹáСʱ, ÿһٶԵñġƫƫѰͷȴһޢޢǳԲ£Զ˻Ҫ, ˵ʱ˯ʲôԲˡ
̫̫̾һ
ô
̫̫ЦЦһӼһݸ, һЦ˵ûû¡
żԡֱԱˣշ¿ӣ̶̫̫ˮݸЩ⳿͸öЩˮ, ȵ̫
áԹԵӦˣ˫ֽӹһ˺Щ
ù, ˳ȥɢɢʳû߶ԶԶԶѰڸ
ĸ֪һϹǰš˵
̫̫üں޲һʮʱһֱСһԸȥҲֻôһ룬鲻ôɡͷ˵ͱѹȥˡ㣡
ãѵġ۾ЦϲĹģ
ͳĿ뿪תͷлҳһȥϿɶ˳
˳
Цŵͷܿ콫ĿϡҲ첽ߵǰ棬߸˵֣˵ùҵҺϲ
Цʣ𣿡
ܰȻܣ۾ģһƬᶨ
ѵѵôѯʡ
ͦѽͦõģڸ׼סֻǿϧѰĳƷõģ̫ǡҵ뷨רŸŮӴʵĿ׺
˼·Կġ֪Ǻܴһʻʹγ͵͵һƱһ񣬿ҲǱˮн
ҺСùҪ˵仰ڡ
ͷڳһõЦƵǰȥˡ
磿֡
ֱʣ𣿡
һϹԹԵЦݽ
һۣ̾˿ε˵ޢޢ绹õǱԼﻹ֪
ŴĬһ󣬲С˵Ҳ֪ûߡ
һ
ͷĬĬŸ󡣺ԺһžĬɢһӭ洵һһǰͣתʣί𣿡
ͷԼȹڣһʱû𻰡
ѾܾúܾûˣȻʱãȻ֪
Ҳߣĵصš
ΪʱƣЩʱίϰ߶ɢˡǴʱ˿̣Լļʵһ䣬Ȼеܡ
Щޢδó룬ⱲӶˣٲɵá
ûлͷ·
硣ҡ̧۾ʧõĸ磬ЩʱõĻն˵
˵ԼҪƽܶࡣ
ϴڹУ˵ҲںԺϵ˭
ͷȻҪʲôҪжʢ
˶٣˵֮˺Щվᣬϣ԰Һ϶
Ĭ˺һʣޢޢǾãǺӣȸøã
ҡͷС˵ǵġܾ·ѺѣܵԼá
иԥԥҪҪ߸϶ʵǸС϶Ůıʣñͼѵǰ·աû˵˵һʡ
Ϊʲô
ûлش𣬷ʣ磬ӦϾ֮λʱѡִڻѡ̫֮ˣ
ûôңԶ飬ʣסǰüۡ˵ޢޢֳ޵ˣ
Ǹˣ˵⻰ʱ˼
磬֪Ĵϲܾϸڣҵ˽᲻ɩίˣɩ梣Ѿʧȥ㣬ôò׿ྡί
üҲί
ʹҡͷ磬ѰˣܿΨһĺˡ
ʲôԺһҺȵҩ˵ǵĲҩ
뿪꣬ĺܲùҲĲЩΪʲôҪ۸ˡ˵ű
˭һ߸磬˭۸ˣ
ûϸ˵Щ˵ɩӡ˵ɩ˶˵ҽӶ£˵ҾմһҪɩӹңıҡɩӲԸǼ֣ƿڴҲˣһȺˡ
һ¼Щ˵ĳɫࡣ
ԣɩӹԼҩˡ̧۾ųϵı顣ٻƽ˵ЩѹĹɩӱͲţɫ԰ȴȻЦ˵ܶŮӵľ󲿷ֵּǴڽӴĶӣ˵ҩԼĶӣЩ˾Ͳ⣬԰ĵˡ
õļĬ
ȺǻųԾһȡůǰСЩЩԶ˽ġ
Ų֮䳤õ
ûعˡỲˮ
ϲޡ
ߣ첽߹ȥסҪ
ھߣ˵һﲻãỲɫòקߡ
ĿỲıϣȻʣ֪ݵĺȥģ
Ỳûֱӻص뷿ܣ˿ýռпͣ˶ǰ棬û˿
ͷʹϵ
ص뷿ỲɨһһĴնϣñá
˵һߡ
Ϣ̫ˡ
һ£ĵǵûعȥ
Ỳǣ߳뷿Ĳ뿪ճ˲ţȴͣ˽ŲŶñ߱ߣ̧ɻ
ί𣿡Ỳʡ
ƽ˵͵
ỲȻ֪Ҳ˵ίɻ˵
ִ۾˵ڽʱ岡ǸӣкЩҪȢҡҸʮʱͰͰ˵ýӡ֪Ϊʲô𣿡
ǿЦЦΪжãΪǶҵľȢ粡ҵļҲٷȢӡﲻԸ˶˼ȻڣƼӦ¡Һø׷֣ŹȽ˴ˡ׺ѼҲƾɢȥȫӼˣЩŴĵ˲Ųýš
ϹŹԹԵǳЦҲһߵƽ͡
֪ʲôϣϣҶ˵һ㶼ίΪʱҳĬˣڵҺ㡣̧۾Ỳ⣬ƽ˵Ҳѹûȥ㡣
Ỳⰲ˵
˵꣬Ỳͷûбٱ治Ȼ֣˵ۼҺ塣
һ㶣Ỳ⡣
Ỳݹֺð죬ųɽСطϡỲССһЩ
µỲƺֱ̽Ỳ⽫ӲؽỲʱɡỲĻ˻


111 ŵ
Ỳӵڻ, ῿ؿڡӵ
þúþ֮ԾɱſỲ⻳еƣȿڣòᡭӡĺһ壿
ԡ
Ҫ˵, ˵ŪأСŴȥһ
ỲⴹۣԲ۾, ˵ۼ, еĻﶼһ
һ¡
ỲȴЦһ£ͷ, ɫһ˿¶ۡСʺԶԹԵЦţɾɵɽ, ʹС;ôѣôĳª
ԭΪСŻ, ȴһУȻһѪ֮ġ
, ֮ģøӿɹִ⡣
ְࡣõ඼硣
ỲḧԵһ, Ȼе㲻㣬ַ¡
, һǧݵĳ谮ᾭôѣ΢Ц˵۸Ĺ, ϲϲЦ۵ס
ȴ
սһ, кܶͥʧȥסɷӣһһıңɱͥеһˡ
ỲⲢǲ֪ƶֻȻѡ˶
ΪĿģӲںЩ˺޹ˡ
ˣжϣ
ǣ
һۼծġỲƵ˵š
˵߰ա
ͷѾ뿪
תͿ⣬һƧСƽʱˡʱվԶߣ֪վ˶á
˫˲ңŲҲӡ
ع
Ӧñܿģװʲô֪ӵỲ⣬Ỳ⻳̧Ỳ˵ӣ˻л㱣Լںδ֪ˡֱỲת
˿߹ȥĿʵϣƴҪҵ뿴
ԽԽˡ
ߵǰͣЩѵسһЦЦ˻еĸ㣬˵ĸϲ̶⣬֪һӵ̶ζá·ȥ̫̫һЩ
˵Ӱ˵Ķ˵Լˡ
Ѵӻлһ߽ʱѾʮˡΪ˱סҲ뽫øЩ
ȥỲ֣ỲŲȥһЩֱۡ˵磬Ȼ㿴ˣû㡣ţҪ֪뻲һǻᵣĵġ
ȻЦˣۿӯһᡣ
ޢޢΪһʲôãֻΡȥŬԼŬŲӯڿᵱ
͵͵һỲ⣬ɫûʲô⣬ĶԻȤһ㡣
Ǳü
ȻأЦˣҪñĸԸһһ𣿺ãĻϲһˣҲԲһ޶˫մѪˣ
ָỲ⣬۾ȴʼն۾һһʮֿ϶ΪĶǲܽܵģ
Ỳڿ
ĿʱĶˣһ˲䣬ЩɱỲˣ￪ʼ£±һ̾ҪѪ
Ỳֻǵ˵˾䣺ָۼҵַȥ
ȻյǰżЦ˵ۼڰ˻ɱˣ᲻ɱۼң
ûлش𣬶ʹק֣۾ҡͷҪ
áỲ˹Ķñۼġ
ɻÿΪԼѾ͸ϲŭֻᷢԼҲȫ͸
ڻعòãỲƵʡ
áʹ˵ͷ
ỲЦЦֱǣ֣Ҳûǰߡ
˽һỲĽŲԽԽԶҲˡһ˲ɢǰ̶߬˵ϡ
ʵյȷΪ˰ݼĸɵ֮˵͵͵ˡܳȥ·̶⡣˵̶⣬ԭǸİ

ỲڰУǰ·ҹɢǳɫӰ
ȻͣϥһСš
Ỳͷһ˵˼ôۼˡۼû
滰ʲôġ
̫ŵ̧۾
ҹĹӰѩɫաһĨĹӰϣɸɾӿȥһ㲻ʵʵ
ӣûеأǳȴŵССʡͷỲ⣬˵㲻ˡֵҪɱ˱硣Ҳ֪ҪȺ㻶ģ㲻Ҫɱˡ
һţɥ޴롣
ոʱƺۼҵĺ巨̫⡣ۼһ巨ỲǰָԼҧĴ˵ۼһŵɱκһˣڵˡˣļѼţ
ЦЦƼٵ˵ĹҧۼҲ֡𣿡
СҡͷԱǺҪġ
ңٵõһһŵҹŵĵ档
Ŵ䣬ʱ˵ҲýͰͲ㡢ҪǱҧˣܿܵÿȮá˿ȮٴȾô졣ҡҲҪÿȮ衭
֪Լں˵˵ţԼҲЩôðԼЦˡһˮСֿЦ
ỲҲЦЦ
һߵЦ۵ס
ὫŪˣỲ⣬˵Ǿ䡰ۼңеĻﶼһ
չȥ˫ֹĲȥӵ°ʹļѣʪС˲ľࡣ
ͱһŶ˵˵꣬ӡ
ỲЦһĺơһϣָ䷴Ħ

Ỳ⽫ͻĺ¥ûдӰվһƬ͵ǳǳɫУĿ¥ȥֿĹغϡ
յĹ˲ֻޱ޼ʵɫվƬɫĽŲԽԽԶԼ˹澡ôԶʲôȴǲˡ
Ỳվһת뿪صԼĸۡ
˳ӭȥɵЦţӡϿɳԹˣҪţ
ỲȻûгԹ
˳Ͻȥð죬粻εʱ򣬳ûбõʳ˳æóֽЩԽԽá
ʱȥỲȴ¥ϣϽƬ֦ĵط鿴֦ӡʱջ̣û̵ܹСѿðİȻ龰
Ỳվ¥ȥˡϸϸϴ֣˹ؿʼԶԵһʱ˳˳꺰
Դź˳˳Ͷࡣʱˣ˳źỲӣ˳żᱻỲɳȥһЩ顣
˳ܿϹ
ȥһ֮ʺ︮׵˼ҡ
ǡ˳ҲʣתҪȥ졣
ȵȡ
˳ͣɻת
Ỳü¿ӡ
˵ɱߵˡ
Ỳɫһһȥ
˳˳ܵˣһ֮ãȻضһۣ֪ôˡ
ȻỲЦˡ
ףȻѳ
һѩӣ˹ز˲죬Ż鵽ֱ֮ɱˡ
˳һ£æȵı飬ϹϾӦһǡŲҴҵ¥ȥ졣


112 ˢ
̺ĵط, ̫ıţеĺɫ˲ʧﷱʵĻʹɴƬĺཻ
ǵˣʵ۵С, ھԴУεСȻ̫ûͬС
ʵ۵ĲбԵؽӶк, ̫һ˼Ҳʺϳ;棬ο̫, ֲԸһˣԲûий
û뵽ʵ߸յ˫oйû, ʹ̫İѶ
Ϊʺ󣬼ʹھ, ҲⲻҪæµһصݣ̻, ϴ¡
æµȴĲɵġ
һĥΪκ޷Ӧ, дֶûСܲԾܾȿڰıʲôе㵣Ⱥ֮صֻҪһս£ǧٿףȻԸ̵ġ֮ص, ȴá
һĥŮ֮¡ʼѵŮһǸ, һҲЩ޴ȥĹŮũӣܻŮĹлʲô³, û˲֪ⳢȡƹҪĿɲֹһ֧Ůиࡣ
ҲŮ
Ů˽, ӦиʺϵĵطҪҪж
磬ˡ
Щڹ뷿ֻܶСʱͲΪŮܿƾ١
Ҳף±ûнݣŮӿʼֱǳ롣
£˼ҵĺӣ˵ңҲ顣
¶ʶֵĹңǧ֮һֶǶšŮ䡷ĸŹŮЩĵ¡ӽŮǣʳƽ˳죬㿼ƾ٣ĿΪ
еѡ
ҲǶƾ볯Ϊ١ϣģǹǲһںլʿụ̃ʮУжŮӰ
ϣģгһŮӲ֡ӣҲܰݡڼûˣҪųԾ
ʲôأߴ˺ðءʰ߹һµķˮݸ
عˮӹһڡ嶼ɻ
ʣ绹û𣿡
ʰҡͷ˵ʲôѽҲԶѽа͵͵ȥʲô˵ѽ
ҡҡͷ˵ˡ
ϴλңѾԼ뷨˳֡ڵȳֵĻظĵжԻλпɣжԵλĿж١˵幥ʱŵǾ䣺ɱ˹ʵۣ׼ӿͷ
ǲٻҵʸ硣±ƵýˣʳĴ𸴲ĵġ
ߵǰԽƬ̴Խ߸ߵĺǽȥỲļңǸ

վһԣֱȽԼŮԽԽĽʽϵЦԽԽࡣ
˲ˡְڰ֡
̫̫һָۣ𣺡ҵӣȻƳ
˫ѹϥϣҡͷЦ˵ǣҡ治ˡٱȻȥ˯ܻۣ
ߵǰѹ磬ôŮ˰Ҫٺͱɩһ
˵ӽģҲûôôһسһŲҡͷЦ
ǡ˹׼ˣһ˶ʰһߡ
յߣСʣףǲ˵һ
ûС
ǵȻͦͦأһصͷȻ첽ǰȥˡ
ıӰиһĨ
һůһգٹɥ²һùţСƫ񲻿˯ܳȥȥЩŮ
׼ˡ˳ӹʾվ
ſ˫ۣǽϹŵǷڴʱĻɽͼ˵С
˵̵ú㡣
ҡͷ䶼͵͵ѧġǰڼǰװԣ֮󣬲ųױԱ¶ˡʱ򡭡־ܺˣֵӳЩ鷳
û˳ҵĻ˳ԼĿޣ˵ȥԽ㣬ұԽ㡣
Ҿȵ̧ۿ
Ϊףȱʧ꣬ʹ˵ûʲô֪ࡣͷʣûУ
һ£˵ˡ
Ѳϵ߳һš£ٿڣȱʧ꣬ô
Ҹæ˵㲻Ҫ롣˶ӣ˲֪١ܻѾ㹻ˣ㲻֪
ңĻٺҩˡ
ҧиԥ
Цѵ˵Цô࣬ʱͷǿġ
Ѹٷ˺졣Ӳ˵ЦĿʼ˼˵ǲġ
͵Цҵֱָ֣ḧš
ҴӿŵĴѾߣ˳֣ûг鿪ʣʲôѽ֡
û֡
ЩָҲڼˣ͵ţɿˣ
֪ôˡĳĬˣӲ׽
ûɿϡؿڣ˵ÿһӲֻ㣬ֻһӡ
һֱֽ˽ˡ
ڶ죬͵õȴյż
š
żϣֻдһ֡

д²Ծʱûйӡ
ûв˵ġ
ߵһ¡ûмãȻؾϤʹʧȥ䣬Ҳǵɳ޳
Ȼ»λԼʵۣʧȥ꣬Ҳسǡһ̡
ǸӵǻλҪһЩţЩˡµصߡ
ôΪʲôѡã
ϲϣŹʵѪĺӡվǸһߡ
Ҳаɡ

һתȣȵĵط³չ㿾ˡ
ٹɥٳϷƵǲ׼ǱƵܣ˵ʵˡ
Щ빬ŮӣΪͽŮʵڲôãԽԽꡣǰһرĵ˺˶⡣
ٴѡ㣬ΪТڣǲܡ
Ҫɥʲôʱ򣡻ŵʱ򿴲ޣ˻Ҫ£̫ţʵ֣Ի̫ĸס
ʵ޹ˤҶˤЩﲻ˱ӿʼߵĹˡ
Ϣܿ͵ߡ
ü
ƣҪ̫ɥꡣûʵ۲ãһٴѡ㡭
Щ˹ŮʵǿϧԸٽһĹʵ۵һٴѡ㣬и嶯Ҫƻǰ
˵ˡ
öǧ㡣
ʮָմˮӲͷƤѧ˺ܾãǿһиʰţӰ뿪й
ߵʱһʣôüۿƽʢǼ
ʰ룬ԥ֪ͣˢ𣿹С̫ÿ꿪Ҫȥ飬ǵĵʦûкãպٳҪٰһӵġ
ʰ˵ñŤŤģе㲻˼
һȻ롪˼Ỳ
ԺһỲ˿ӣñ˼龰
æҡͷ
ܵġ
ĳܷ

ỲʱỲվԺϽǣƬ֦˶һɫӺɫ˳
Ҹ˸㡣˵
ճԹ
šüһỲʱ˵Լģ


113 黰
ỲɵĿɨ, ƣŵʳϡ
ʱʰţỲļ, ʼԼʳˡ
ỲĿٴƵƣϡ
Тڣϴɫǳ, ѩ׵ĶԽǳɫĳȹᳯһŤţںڵ޼ֻһ֧ϸϸİ
ỲֲûиϦദ, ˵Ѿ˲٣Լ·ʱܰ½, 췢ҲһˡԼմһﳢҲ۾ֳǺˡ

ỲЦˡ
, üװС߶ӡǲԼ
ûСỲһ, дЦȥһȻؽӹʳ, Ȼţȥ˺Ժ
ƳһỲʳУಽظ
ỲڱһƬΧͤ¡
˳꿴ʺӡ˸, һĥ첽ȥ˲ˮ
Ỳ⽫ʳзʯ, ̧ȥÿӡҪ򿪸ӵһ٣Ȼ̧̧ڶæͷ۽޽ССڴ
Ỳÿʳеĸ, ɨһۣνļȡ
һܽظ⣬һõ, һյ⣬һӦĺɻ֡ĵʯϣζҲ֪ӵǺÿúܡ
Ỳ޳ָĵ֮ϣԥѡѡһɺɿĺɻ֣һڡ
۰Ͱ͵ؿ
ɻڣỲһ¡ڿеǵɻ˹سˣ˵ġ
˵꣬ǿɻ֡
ôһھԼģ꣬ԼʱˣȻΪ˸ٽԼùˣζóԣԲģ
ߣʹʯ
ʯľܰĵðԼ۵ˡ
ỲȴһۿɴŵСָɻֵһڳˣһһܽظ⣬һĵʣôˣ
ƳһԼָͷѸַٰ£Լϡ˵յʱˡ
ỲĬƬ̣еܽظ£ȥ˿յԡʵ̫ϲյ⣬ָЩ塣
ɫسһڡ
ţȺɻֻѳԡ
ỲĬؽյˣ˿ܽظԡԶʱ˹ģʹѰİ׷ʱҲ˹ģв񡰳ԡƷ
֮ǰϲỲԶӡʯϣ˫Ỳ⡣ʣòóѽ
š˼ζỲޱ˵ΥĻ
һ˫۾Ȼˣӡһѽ
պ˳ŲˮỲ⽫һǿյʱ£Ⱥ裬ҲûĻֽǿյ˹سš
ŵ۾˼Ц
ʵ֪ĲôԼһھͰͰ͹ǧѧգĸǰղ֪Ҫǿ˶١ٴӾ£ùˡζš
̴ÿ˶Լó飬ͲóĵطһֱԼĿıԽҲԼкܶȱ㣬ᡢܶ顣һϲͨ
Ỳ˹ؽǿյ꣬˿õԡ
֪ζһ㡣ѧ˺þءüЩĺ鷳
´οóӹóķֵļ㣬Ȼ˵ԼıˡỲ˵
ԡľģƭˡ̵ҡͷ˫ҡͷĶеĽĻ
Цţ˵ϵСǣҪĸ㡣ҲҪӡ
ỲǷŵ̫÷õĬĬ黰
˳վһԣڵӵתתȥ
ιҪź򣬻˰
Ỳû˵ûн黰С˹ؽеõˡˣָ㣬㶼һ顣
ûټȥĴ㣬ǶһڣʮʣҪʲô
ŴỲһŰ۾ȥһʱûƺỲӦΪﲻ̫þ
Ỳ
ûС
ȷ
ỲƳһۣٷŻһЩζۼܺáҪʲôЩ˵ʱ򡣡
̧ʱһľɥһŲЦŵ˵һһǧ
һԵ˳꣬㵵תͷӲԼϵı飬һӡȴ̲סֹʺ̫˰ɣѾʵҪ㻻Ǯˣ
ỲҲһ¡ðΣŻڣȱǮˣ
Ҳ˵ֻ۾ʹͷ
ԭֻҪǮ
ỲЦһһõƵ˵һһǧ񣬲󡣡
˵ţỲ⿪ʼõֹһõһõּȥСĸ㡣
һһ顣
ʼհڶ棬۾ỲԸ㣬ĸС׵װŵĸԽԽ١̲ס˵ӡҲ̫ˣСĳѽ
պеỲ˿ɻ֡
ĸС׵װָ㣬ÿָ㶼߿顣
Զ˳꿴Ŀɿڴ
ӡʳոﻻ˳ӣղӡʱõñͱƽһЩʺʱӡţ¥ʳġ
˳Գæ첽߿ЩԸһǡ·С̫ȥ׼÷
С׵ĸ㣬ٿỲ⡣С׵ĸԽԽ٣ȴʼ˹ĵĳࡣʵǿûгԱǡ
ӡѺٳ԰ɡֲһ䣬˵ʱҲء
Ϲ㻹ڹӦỲ˵
ʮ㣬һ鲻ʣ
ſ˵ĸС׵Щ΢ı仯֪ĸԵġû뵽ỲὫЩ㶼ˡ˵һһǧ֮
ָͷָѹС׵յмϣմһյмŽгԡ
Ӳ
ţ֪ġǰġʵָ߰㣬ǿǿЩѡ֡ˡյҲӦˢȥ
˵Ȼûá´λģһαһνһҲŷĳζĸһ겻Уʮꡣʱӡԡ
һ紵һƬɫĺĻ꣬޼䡣ỲƳƬĻ꣬˵ﻹЩΪʮۼǲǻŶδ֪
Ỳ֣ѩӸ˲ոմյָͷȻֽⷽѩۣ˹ز˲Լ졣
ӷ£˵߰ɡȥ¥
˴ǰȥҪһƬģ˾ںɢһķůģźĻķҷůӭ渧գ屻ůţʮʡ
Ȼů磬ȴỲܲʡ
ֺ߳Ỳ˳޼ƬĻ꣬Žгˡ
ԽԽȣÿҪ˯һص¥ϵݣ£ش˸Ƿת˸ܿ˯ˡ
ỲΪԽԽȣԽԽʣ˯⡣һ˯ˣŸС֡һСָϵİɴһߴĽѡ
ɴһ㳶¶˵Сָ
Ỳءش˴䱦һǡ
ȻغһɵŲš
Ỳһŵ̧֡ȥǴЦںߣŻ˿


114 ֪
鷿, ڸдšдһһ⡣ÿдһţ־дòãյؽһӿ, һż㣬¸дš
ֽŵżء
⼸գһֱܺһյçײ˼ȥ, ֪ԼỲ⡣ϿʼŸʡҹڴ˰ҹ, ˼ȥһͷҹɴӴ, 鷿ʼĥִʡ
Ѿ˵ڶյ, ڸд
һ𳤴ıãС޻̸, ޽ɡû뵽˽գҪԴʵĵز
ű, ſհֽ㡣
⼸գ⣬Ỳӵ, ǻǰô֮ȥ
², ˿
ûпޣ
֪һ¸ҡӦòؿޱӣǿ뷨ӰôǲΪ˸õػ, Ӷȥֺһˣ
ֺáһѵͱһѪ
ıòñ΢ȥֺһˣӦñźţú
̲סȥỲôԴ
е͵͵Ѱʳ, еС̫ǺСŮӻȡůеȴЩȨòĹŮáʳ֮裬Ť
Ỳ⣿
ձʵֶ˶һŨڵī֭ѩ׵żϣֽȻˡ
ỲʲôˣˣĸȫʬֻҪһ뵽СúỲ⹲һң̲סĲ
ҲЩǵֶ
žһ˱ʣʹرסԼͷ
һã·֡Ūżÿһż㣬ʼд֡
дǸ⡣
ʼ룬յçײɷ鷳Ỳ˿ɻΪָ𣬶ŭǨŭϣ
һأܿ콫дáī۸͸ȻִӳȡҩϸͿĨżϡʱżϵּʧżڴ̨ϣů紵һżϵҩˮۼϢСۺ÷ŷС
ȴΪһҹδߣ̫ãһѣΡæַ棬ڵ˹ѣθʧ첽߳ȥȥտС

æ߬һ·ŷϡ
տһۣ˵ӽûȥɡ
ܵúܣǿЦ˵ġźϴǷһͿҩˮ䵽Ҳûа취ּΡκ˴鷳ġ
տۣĬϵǷš
һ⣿
һ͸ţտҩϻ
տĬ˺ܾá
򣿡տĬã̲סٴοڡ
տջߣȻ£ֻ˵һ飺ӽûȥɡ
üտΪʲôԸˡϴԸţֲԸΪΣ
˵ϴΰţ˵Щʲô
տĬؽҩϻ򿪣ӰȡǷ˼µţϵǷԱߡ
⡭ˡ
տ̹ԣʱûᣬˡһȥɡ
ɫ̹Ȼ䣬޿ָ
죬ĬƬ̣ҲԸǿѡ˵֮ǰ鷳Ȼ򲻷㣬ˡҪ˵һл
סͲȥ֣ط½ת뿪
տۣϹһƵǳЦ
ֻ֪żصּΣ
տ΢΢Цš

ּεķӣġ

ÿҪС˯һΪùźỲĸУһ˯ñһ㣬˯ҲЩ
û۾أԴĬһ̵۾
ٺԺɢȥ֪ﲻǫoйĺ¥
תտյ࣬ỲⲢߡִһ¥ȥ
ʱﻹѰϷۡòỲסþˣҲ˱仯˲Ӱӡ
һ㣬Ųתͷ鷿ķûỲӰԭ˳Ỳ鷿ɨ
߽鷿
ôˡ˳æ
æֻ㿴һ˵
˳Ц˵ūûʲôҪæģТӡĶ¾У
һ£ָæ˾䣺ӡȥһˣӦúܿͻˡ
ͷû˵ʲôߵǰָһһ鼮һܿ죬ĿⱻһƿīĿ⡣
ҴȻӦþµֻİֽԱߵļһЩ롣
ܺúؽϣչ
¥ӳ
һ¡
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ỲôȻҪס֣Ҳûôġ
Ỳдġ¥֣ü
˳ɨһۡΪºͣƽܺ˵ԥһ£˵ԭӡ˵Ҫң֪ôȻָ⣬ūȥ̫֡
һĥΪʲô
ϸϸָͷŰֽϵıʻḧȻ˳˳֮󣬲ٴ飬ȥ
ûп顣
Ỳ鰸棬Ƚ׽ػšỲƽдֵģƫ⣬Ỳ۾ʱǲҲӴһƬĺ֡
еƮѽƮƮ˺֣˫oйһƬ̴֡¥һǣ̴֮֡
һԼ̴ֺ¥һסĺ¥
Ų˼
תỲ߽һ˫׽Ծеػš
Ỳִ࣬һ߳߹ȥһ΢ָĵߵȲࡣֱỲߵǰſ˫Ҫߵָ˶ͣһ¡Цӡ
ĵظп塣
һ˫ֻӵףչȥһЩҧҧĶ䣬ʣۼҲߣʧˣ
ż糯һ㡣޿ɶ㣬Ͱؿڣϸϸءšһ
ѡȺТǵòáỲƵ˵
Ե
ôãû˳ոհĶỲʡ
̵ҡͷ
˳˵Ͷûô⡣Ỳ͸ǡģɿỲ⣬鷿ﻺһȦ˷鰸Աߵӡ
ԣǰδҲûע⵽
ʲô͸ǣšü
Ỳƿһϼ˻ʲôӡͻʺһ߶ԣӴˡ
һ
һ˲ʱӦⲻ͸ӡͻʺģ͸ӡĶʳġ
ʱ
ô͵Ỳ棬ͽӴأ
ܶණֵֹһۣ֪ʲô;ġϡϾҲǹ¥ˡ
һŹֵϡ
һɫӣͷ˩һСС«
¥ﻹϷͼûֶе棬Ҫоһ¡
ָ⻹ҪһǸŹֵʱỲȻĿ֡
һһֱʹæջ֡һһֻűỲ۵ֱһصỲ⣬Ϊ֡
ỲȴͷߵףҪϲۼҸ񡣱˵ģࡣ


115 «
, ȷȤỲ⽫ǶóĶ˵«
һ, ŷ«Ųʵ飬ᶯһ£ԲԲ«ײ, ö춯
˵ֻûⶫе桭
ԭֻǺ
ĵءỲƵؽ˩«ĳԼϲһȦ
δ֪кġϺ̫ƺǺ¡ҲϣỲ͵͵˵˾䡰ûСȻͷˡ
ỲƳһ, еĺһӹȥһ˵«ĸӼ俨ס
Ỳ, һԵ鰸ȥ
ϲһȦ߶, ֱϵĺҲƻ
ֱŵһ˵«, ƵؽϵĺɢȤζһ˵«, ˵վ
һֱֵĶȫỲʲôԣɵỲһ, վ
Ỳһ£Ȼ˳, һ˿Ӽ«קק΢һºĸ߶ȡ鰸˼ٽ, óص̨ѹס
˩«ĺ߶ȵƽˡ
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ͣŵ«ڰ
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Ỳ̧̧˵
Ĭһ֡⣬Ҳû³ӵʲôõġ
Ỳ޳׵ָ˲˩˵«̷öỲĶ󣬲ɫ«ڱڵҲСϸϸġ
«СٴͣʱỲߵߡĶ䣬˵ƨʿ·
𾪵תͷһСģĴỲ΢ࡣһ£ʶܿһ㡣
ỲָƵز˲ϱĵطĿ⣬Ҫ𣿡
ʹҡͷʵڲ׵ʲô˾ȻоôϡŹֵĶ
Ỳʼգеԥ
Ƭ֮ỲȻЦһ£Ĳӣ˵ǲⶫ淨Ū˵ġۼҲϲﻹġ
չȥҧҧĶ䡣ÿϷ˺֮󣬶Żһ㷢ļϲҧĥı⡣
˭Ҫˣ͵͵ģһ㶼㡣ۣȥỲ⡣ǰɸЩʱĮȻ飬һ¶ȶûе
ɫһϵ糺ҲȥһЩЩҵҪӺϡ
Ỳ̧̧൲ֹĶ°ĺ˵«ﳪС
ˡƵġ
üỲ۾档
Ỳ⽫ָѹβ·ߵ۽˵һ
۾ز˵
Ỳ⿴һɿ˸Σ
۽ǵɨһۡ
ỲʵҲһ˸˩һ«ֻ˵«ҪСһЩ˩«ĺҲ̸ϸƳ
û˰ɡ
Ỳע飬ֲ֪ôĵġСС«а棬Ƶ˵ϻظù࣬ġ
«
ɵỲһۣѸٵջĿ⣬˶Сһȴںϼ񳤶Ȳ̫ѽ
ỲЦһߣ˵ۼ֮ǰ˵ˡ²ֹ졣
ƶǶգգۣգգۡ
ỲӣҪˣѡˣۼھ͸һѸСˣﵱۼҵա
Ūˡ
ỲǼͣҪѡһ񹤡
ҪתͷһϡŹֵĶѡһȥȽϸӵĶỲյ꣡
ǣĿһοյСϡ
ǸµСԲףǸӵοջơƺܹ򿪣滹а㡣˵ģдοյĻҲһʱ̾ܵġ
ָ˵Ҫ
ỲüǸóꡣ
ʣӡҲ֪ôõģ
˵ţĿƵỲеϣšոշһУûô壬ýˣſԭпյСȻ˱ĵƬ
һʱΪԼѡˣ
ҲڿοյСǶŵĵƬʱỲ˲׹Ǹʲôõˡָ˲ϵĿն˵ã
ỲվߵǰȥһۿɨҶ˳ꡣԸȥ׼Ķ
˳Ӧһɨ㣬æȥ׼
ˡվ׷Ỳߣ׷ʣʲôģ
գ֪ˡ
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У׷ˡҪȻȤƵġ
ߡ
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ߵ¥£Ỳڴںס
˶˵
ɻỲ⡣ôǵԼʲôûߣ
ܿ죬˳һСܴ¥һµСľеݸ
Сľвء
СҡҡûʲôϡŹֵԾɵĺﴩĶܼ֮ˣҲ̴򿪣Сӿ첽ת뿪һСξ룬ʰһЩͣСؽƿһ㣬ȥĶ
סˡ
ľӵĸȫƿƱ
ľװŶʮƱÿŶһǧ
תͷŰ绹ҫĿů⣬վڴǰỲ⡣۾Ц˵´λӡԣ
ỲܾƵģ˵תһӵƱŲҴҡ

ʰ뿪Ỳ⸮УһƬ֣߽˰һ˲䣬ﶼǳɫ
ȻǵһμˣʰǻһԸпÿѽȻ˺Щˣÿߵﶼоﲻ˼䣬ɽѽ
װƱľ֣صݸʰǣ˵ȻȥƱҲȥȻаݺͰֹҺȻȥݷة
ʰӦˣľӱؿڣ첽ܡ
վԭصšȴúָͷ˴ҹ顣
ʱỲŵĴǲ
ȻƬ֮ϵıȴһ
֪ôں£˵ʲôҹǳɫĹӰжදˣ˵ʲôʮҪȹҧҧɫ
˵Ϻ벻õļ䣬̲סĿԼĿڣصһ䡰̫࡭
콵ǳɫӰֱϣȻỲΪʲôĺĳ˺¥
أ
Ϊ
ԶĽŲ֪ʰǴŰֺͰݹˡæ˼˫ֱڷ̵գ¡
ǼʱѾվׯĿ
صҹ飬Ȼ˸뷨
񡭡Ҫٽʾ֭ءƭǮˣÿһҹ鶼ֵǣÿһţ͵͵ȥǮսױ


116 
͵͵ȥݷة¶, ܿʹỲСյةʱѾȥϢˡ
ΪçײֱȥţҪ, ߵǰȥšԵڱةʱϢѾỲС
Ỳһĥ˻, ŵȥȻһӸϺѡҪѡһõϸ
ȥة
ỲȻ⡣֪Сʺ󲻰, ˿ȥССģúܡܲ, Ҳܡ
ҲãСʺԽԽźá, ˣҲܱԼ

ةд˲, 뿪ˣִӰĻص˫oйĺ¥
һȥ, ʰǣǮء
ʰ̲סЦǮѽ
ǰġ
ЦššһľƱó, Ȼʣµǧ˺̣ͳй, 
Ȼ񿵽й֣طԸտʼÿҹȥ, һҹ顣Ҫڱ߽ǵĵط֣˿
񿵻֪ʲôܵȵͷʾһã
ʰǴ񿵼ܵʰ̴ȥ, Եļ䡣
óֽʣөдһţǧƱһƽʢƽʢөסַƽʢźǮȥө
˵өüɻʣǸ
˲˲ѽ˸
ͲǧˮƯˡ˵
ʲô¶зѽЦţó£ҿʡ
¸æһյݸӹСںһڣӶʱ泩ôСʮֻϲٶЦ
պҪǮĵطءǸỲҪǮԼ뷨ǮǮ˴ҽᣬǮĵӱǴ̡
ʿũ̡ûһ֮ˡ˼ȥ뵽өʹǰֻǿŲӡ
Ȼʣأ
һûˡЦЦⲻˣȥ˰ɡ
ü̫ײΪʲôûûаѡϲãҲϲ˵ѡѾʾˣҪӦ
ǲû
ȥһһմȥɾסˡ
ܲĺ˭ģŮУǱʵ۳ңҪһ.Һ󹬵
òӦǱʵҹʵߵ˶֪
Ȼ˹Ӿơ
һɫһ˲ˣ͵վ
ôˣһ
ġò鳢һӾƣ̫ҽ˵ӾӵҩԽ˵ӰԽΪԺôӾƣ־ӾӰ졣
ԭΪֻǺһ㣬⡣ҲÿߣҲûо쳣
ѵǹӾƣ
ǹӾƣ鷸ºͿ£Լº󲻼ǵˡ
ˣһҪԼ
һ
ôѽﲻŻˣ̽ȥĶͷ¶ȣǺ˿ȥ̫ҽ

ڴߣ߬Ÿɫʺִ׹ͨС뾩ոִ
Сӡ
̫ǣڸ¡ڸµĹˣסһƬĳһһӽţÿڷŵĴҲ̶аŴġŴġŴģаʮŴĴ̡ͨ
С˼䣬ȴֻסһ
Ӳ󣬸Ҳá
һȺС̫ߴߴ˵ӽʼ̫Ҫչȥ̫࣬ҲܵΪԵӰҲȫһչȥڹȥС
ǱȻֺ֤滮Ĺ
˼룬ŽʳС
̧ۿ߽
ʳзϣļСض˳˵˺Щʱںã̵ġ
׵ݸ飬Щ̫˼˵ȻǰҲ³ûô㳢ζΣã»ؿ϶
ͷŲ顣
˵ظһܡ˫סԼ죬ӣһŻ
ɫʱˡæŲļæҵȥˮһߵˮһ˵ǲǲϲζҪǲϲͲҪȡ
ڲǰˮݸ
ûôԹ²ֻһظŻ˺һŽӹˮ
ľʵı̵תš
ȻˮС
ֽţæıÿҪȥ飬ֲջ۾š
ðΣۣԲ𡭡
ţڹʱúչͳðһݺļױޣһͨҸеسޡӡ
һʳ꣬ң»ף֮ܺúѰһ¡
ǡ
֣߬߬ȭ
Խ뱣ˣԽ˺ˡ
Ŵҧĳݽ߱ýġѹֵлǻƺʱըѿ
Բ𡣡ٴμѿڣ㡭Ӧõġ
Ѿˣٶ̥̫Σˡ
ӡ
̫롣
ˡĵͨ۾ʼձᣬɫѲ԰ֽ
˭Ըһºأպ󳤴ˣҲһĸס
̧ˮ۾صԼЬӣֱӳҹȥŭؿޣǻ쵰Ȼȥ̥
ҾͲӦ㡣⺢ӸûйϵˣվһֻŴЬӣһֻŹţһȳһյߡ
һһ˵ȥףǸҽֱ̣ӽ
𡭡ŵס飬Ҫ嶯ǧҪӣȥòã
ѯţ΢ġ
鲻ߡ
סֲѹĶӣֻҪȥ˫ۡô죬ҡô죿ȥҲȥޣ֣˺Լˣ顭
վڲļϡ
ͣĶת˵ҿޣΪܡΪȥٰһ
ȥ顣ʮֲϲԼڲǰӡ
ȥ֣ҡ˵ɥԽʹģԽзաǵ㾻ʦãƾʲôװٰһأҡҡҡҺ¡
鶶˫磬ʼһһؿޡ
֪ôֻһһߵ˵ޣޣޣ岻á
㱧Һòã
޵Ťһһ㶼ÿˡԴӵ֪ԼУÿնҪìܵ
͵ز˲һѵͱͱȥæСؽӵ˫ۻŲӣսӵ˽
Ļ۾ܲ˵ؿţί޳
ʱգһ˺ĺӶϲһΪδããη塣
ӣͱ뿪ʹ͵͵Ҳˡ
ǲôأ
ӵĵ̫棬ֱĶ͡Сر̥ÿնĹ
֪к󣬻˵ӡֵΪֹǣӡ
˽ӵá
֮󣬲ѾٿˡĻ۾˼ᶨ˵ֻһ仰


117 
Ī, ڲ齫Ҫʵ⣬һ˿η
ʣ벻ҹһӣ
죬һʱʧ
벻, ˵벻˵þж٣ŵ֪ӣ, ۵Ĺﵱˡ
Ȼأ
̡̻
ȻԭĴȻɲ档ʹԲů, ҲҪŮӵ١
ڷ֣ĲԺӴҪڷй
õسĬ
һ㶼⡣, ǧǧֵĹǡƫƫЩǣҪϡΪáͷʹҪġ
ȻһĻһθ, һƴأһ̶, ˶ƣ
ȻЦˡʣʲôʱȥٶӣҷĲ£Ҫ㶯˵֮, ȷ㻹ţߡ
ߣɬ
ʺΪʺֻͣԼһʱͿ˺, µļ١׼ҳġ
ðΣٵһ䣺Ȼأ
齫ƿ, ˵ҳþãûȥˡȻƣҲô
Ҳ˲ϵ, ųȥ첽ߡ
ȥ˼С̫ӭ濴ЦشкСɩӹ
, 鶨ȻЦӯӯ˵ʱȴʲôû˵ûһֱۣ첽ߡ
С̫һۣ巿£ôСɩ
ûһ
С̫ֻСڳܰ죬Ҳٶ죬æȥˡ
ĬĬŲߵıӰֱӰչԺſˡŽŹϣתصߣԵִȻڲոڵĵط¡
ƮżŨ㣬Ƿְõļ鵽һڶûкȡðô˷ѶֻǵĲӪ鲻ãͲԶ
֮̾һ˫ֽԼĶͷʹر۾
ôᷢչӣ
ǶʱգĽͲĹϵڻʺ£ٲױ۸ӣĲӡչӣҪ洳һʼ춫ɳĲ¡ȥΪӡ׷ɱһгĹʱ˼ˡʱйġԼûõķ

Ըһ˲赹ˮӵڻ¡˺أֻĨһһֹѪҩɴһһزסһҲҵ󣬻صӡǰ
ûаò£ʲô𷣣ϡ
ľɥʧܸҲʵڵġȻ¥ʺĲ顣
Ѿ¶ϵͲĹϵ
һ̣ס
顣
һһڣԼ⡣
Ų飬۾Ҳ˾ȡأ͵͵һнʲô
Ȼ߹鱧ڻع
ôˣ龪ȵǽţʱսˡ
һʣʲôû˵첽뿪Լͣʧ̬غ۽ǣҲؿڵļ֧Ųȥǰȥ
Ѿͼˣôǰվܡ
ȥ˷ѻس䣬ֵʱ򵽵ӡĸɶӣֻǶָ
Ϧҹڴˡ
С̫˷´롣Ϣᳶؿϵļˡ
Ȼ
һۣ뽫ߣųϦҹҲûмˣʲôû˵ڴߣһﲻ֪ԼһιˮԷ
һһڳ͹ĶϲŴǴĵӣ˵ر졣
ãÿ
ԭһж⿪ϵ·ѪȾ͸ɴһҿҩ
Ҳ
ٺ汬̻ϡŹǷ˯ˡ˯ûãͿʼԿغܡ
Ų鷺գʶʲô顣
ôأֻǸ˰ˡ
Ųӵ嶼Ӳˡⲻǲһǰʱ򶼻ܿһӣôܿ۵׵ʪ⣬Ӧ׼·
ԣʲôԡ
ֻҪܺһЩôԡ
ֱڣףΪʲôЩ궼һջ˷ӦףյΪʲôòС

ʶڹµС̫඼İƽ˽Цż˵ʹгһոǼټû뵽һջᷢԼϡ
ĿյݶǴǴߵִؿڣѹλá
ʱ仺ʡ
Ĭľ崲һȻ͵վߡ

ȥ֮ûãԲɻ绹Ѱš֮ÿչȥһˡ
ԲڡÿաҧøһЩԭԲõ֣תʱҲԹΣһ¡
޹ɫ̫ÿȥϴ˰ȥ
鷿ϰȤ־ֹ£һҲȥϵĻƿ
ҡ鸣˸ֱ߹ϴЦ
Ų߽ȴ飬ڲĶɨһۣ˵޹ˣ
Ȼϴ˰Ҳס޺۾Ҳͷ˵ū
Ҫ˵΢һЩЩ˵˵
ʵӦѾˡū澵ȷС鶯Щε߬½ǡϾû޵Ĺδеײʲô¶˵ūּµļ١
˵꣬ƾҪ¡ĸţ̷סŲ鵽һԵ£˵Ը٣ԶǿԵģøҾô£
ԭ˵˽¡ǱòȥĹӾĻ£㲻⡣
΢ԥһ£ͽһһʮظ
üͷɫ׵šţüͷչ׵ɫҲ𽥱ɾ㵵ı顣
㶵ģȻһ˵
ǧֿܣõĲ²ǲѺֵޣֺԵ˽ȴû뵽ĽӾȻģ
ʲôӦˣŲ飬ⲻǺ𣿡
죬һʱ֪ô͡ݵˣȻ֪Щ˵Ѵ
ûӣһڹһӵĶʳⱲӶһ𡣿ӣұȻҪȥҾñ֪ġͷ۾ֺˣʺū澸мա¾ūչգ֪û֮ݣū빬ȥ
ǰ˵ô໰ɫ糣һᵽҪ¾˲
Ѹٱ˲ᡣ
ת˲еơðΣ㣺ͦΣյġ
֮ǰԼС̫˵ʮ߽Ҳ

䴽ǣ˵Ҷ֪ˡ⼸㲻Ҫ˼ǣһΪء̫ҽ֮󣬸Ҳơģ˵ġ
л
£ڹУ鵣¶һҲûҴƹ塣˵һŶһ˼΢̤ʵһЩ
ȥЪŰɡ鲻˵üᶨ
˸뷨
Ȼˣʱûָ¹Ϊı¡ǡỲа˵ڣ˸˵ס
Ҳһ仰
ɣôڣеѶȡ


118 
ɽ, ɽֻеյһɫͣѾһƬڰ¡
߲ŵһͱҹûʱ, ԺţϴԺ䣬ȥѰλ԰׵ߡ
ӣƺЩ⡣
ҴӦӦϡûʲô顣
ļ㿴, ҿ㣬ܲȻıӡ
Ӳ˵λõĶ, ı²ȥ֣㻹˵ûݹϵǲǸ޹ͯ, 㲻Ըɱ޹
˽˵һ顣
ľȻڸһ˿˿ÿ, ȥҲ졣ٶȿڣ˵ĶԡĴܳɾʹ¡λû˫ָɸɾġԸϲǲٵǾŶ, ҷ
ļƺȻĸı̬ȣһֻɵ̬ȡߵ˵ͷ, ˵룬áٹձǺڣõʱйӦ, ǽϵ½ߵ÷ʽ
ߣɱü
ţƻб䡣, ܲãɱǸСӡ

òϢ֮, ȥỲ⡣Ϲ˵Ͱϱϣ˵˺һָЩ־ֹ, ˯ˣСؽϱȥ
ʰһ£ʰ߹뿪й
߽ʱһֱͷĴšһֱߵľͷҲûпԸС̫ൽһҹ顣
ԣܺãܺã
΢Щ
ỲĸʱǰҹỲ⻹רעص߽鷿ɨһۼӵϡ
ˣûꡣỲҲû̧ͷһһһһͷϸרעصĥϵһࡣ
߹ȥ
ỲþǵݡΨһһӱţ󿴿ҿ鰸ϵĵʯ߳һƣȻߣỲ̡
Ỳ⽫еļͷС£ǶСѡ˳ֵġ޳ָһѰСϸƵѯʣ˵ɣʲô顣
£ҹ
û˵೤ش˸Ƿ
Ỳ̧̧ۣƳڴǷ죬¶ѩ׵ĳݺʪࡣǰһ̣ỲȻָ˽ȥ
죬ҧָϡỲ⣬Ȼסˡ
Ỳ΢ָ⣬һĳݡ
ĸоܲڣæֽỲƿСԹʲôѽ
ỲϵһѩӵݸֽԼֵݸ
㵵۾һ̵ۣش۾ӹѩӣָϵġĿˮ
ȡӣߡһе㲻̫ˣ¸ָҲᡣ
ҹۼҡС£ۼȡȡΣԣԼۼ߻ҪĶҪһۼ˵ָҪۼҵҴ
򴽣ѩһˤصңҾͲ˺ϢͰ㣡
Ỳɫ䣬ƳҪôࡣ
Ỳ۾Ŀ԰Σתߡ˵ûʲôˣӡ͵ûй
Ỳ⿪ں
Ųûκͣ
ỲƵתϡ
һ㷴ӦûУߣѾߵſڣ̧ȥš
ỲȻЦһϷϣȻذ˰֣ŵľ۶ϣקקק
㣡תšü
һ̣͸оһϮӺԼһһỲķקȥֱĵߵỲǰ
Ỳϸ˷ϡ˫ۻӣ֣УƵظŪš
ԽԽӲͱԽԽˡỲ˹ظŪ޹ǵ֣ﻹЩաͼһԶýСۼһʱ벻ĳˡ
ĵĵӣȴȥĪëȻ
һỲŲŲλãϣ̧һ˫޹۾˵һ޵ģޡӡ᲻õġ
ỲЦһϵ˱治ϲŭƲ١
۾˽һ֣˵ҹֻ㣬ߵĹ澻ĺӡ
ỲĬһʣ˭˭ĺӣ
ߵĹ澲飬ĺӡǸɶѽỲ߬Сַת߬Ỳ֡
ͣӡǵùӾҡҵ鳢һ㡣Уһʱ⣬ΪǱӾƺû뵽ңĺӾģҲͦõѽǺ£ϲ¡ճɾȻѾˣ˫˫ɣӡ˵òã
˵˺ЩỲĬš
ǱߣԼỲˡţỲĸɶӣỲӦҲ˲Ŷԡ
ǣϸϸỲϵı顣Խʲô治Խеûˡ
Ǻ£ϲ£ճɾỲƵظ˵ļʡ
һĪһֲõԤС
Ǻ£ϲ£ճɾỲٴƵظһ顣
ظͬĻҲͬỲ˵һʱĪһĸо
Ѿ׳ȥ
¶˷ŭ·ط
ɿ˼ſҪһĻĻĥӦԡ
ỲЦЦȹ£𽥿ĵʣܸˣ
۾ŬƽһЩ˵˵飬ûʲô˲˵ġֻǹӾҸģȻˣҲΡܲܿһԿԧ췸ѡ
벻ҲӣţỲ
üľţСĴ𻰣岻ãͺСοӡһáӡҲӴԵӣС
Ҳ֪ǲԼˣԼỲЦһ
ҪۼҲﻳϼӣǻϲǲϲỲʡ
һ¡
û⡣ûỲûпظҲû뵽ԼгһյĸףϾʮꡣ
Ỳģ͵͵ЦˡչȥҧҧĶ䣬΢΢˺ĥ˵ҪʧˡۼҵĲȱɲǵʦԼеġӦۼҵĵ
㵵ת𾪵Ỳ⡣ỲϹŹǳЦɫ״żַ
һֿµĸоỲ˸ԼľõģиԼҲһ㣬ﶼƷ
ȴȻǱһСһ£ԼԼۣȻϸ΢ʹɢ
Ỳɫȴ˲ȥ
ۼҪȡֵСûʱذաỲ⽫ϵ
վǰȹϣỲ⿴ŷһѡ
ʧŲĵˣǱԼȹڰˡʶغȥץϵһ黨ƿˡ
һĻƿһ䣬һء
ڵأüغһ
Ỳһ˲Щ
˼Ỳ⣬һ૰㿪ڣҡ
Ỳϵֽ˽
ԼƨɣմѪ۾ظҡ
ỲⱻЦˣ򴽣


119 ҡͷ
鷿, ỲⱧ¥ϵȥݣỲ⽫¡
üСع, ŤͷԼ󿴡
˵ĻƿˣѪȾǳɫĳȹקȹӣ뿴˶Ѫﻹ߶ţ, ӡҶѪˡ
ỲЦô, ǲҪҼۼҵ
˵ţỲߵһĹ, 룬淭, Ѱƿҩߵߡ
ѾİõعԹſ, ԼСۣƫ, Ỳ⣬죺ҪõҩҪа, һ̶ҪС
Ỳ£ɴȹƿ, ĺϡƳһ۱ѪŪFỲüᶯ, СؽFһЩѩϵ˿ⶼѪ˿Ҳò̫
Ỳӣϸ˿ΧѪȥ
˻ʱ, ļҲЩίغ󣺡ۡ
Ỳ⶯΢ͣһ£һۣżµĶ˿ΧѪһЩ
˿ڵǲȴСָỲ⴦˿ڸѪʱԲͣѪӴ˿
ѪζỲǻʣԶļ䱻Ƥǵš
Ỳ˿ϣһѪһۣ˿һǹһѪӴᣬҪ֮ǰỲȻָ̧֣ǵѪӡ
Žг˳
Ѫζڴӣһ˲Ժըѿ
ԼԾתͷỲ⣬봹ۣ۾޴ȥֱ顣
СỲӣỲ̧̧˵ۡ
ȸͿֹ۵ҩỲСҩƿóһСҩƿӳҪҩȻͣ
һֱСĹ۲ỲɫЦ
ɫȾϼɫĪ˵˵ĻƿҪжͺˡ
գգۣƴĥ⻰ʲô˼
˼
ûͷ˵ǡӡ͵ж¡
Ỳ͵͵ЦѪġۼ볢˵ûǲã
Լ˼ˡòϣҧˣøɣ
ֹŹֵ뷨̸ϳȥ
Ỳ۾ɫӴЦŵڴһ˿׾ڴȻʹĪˡءšһСʣá
ỲЦмֹ֮СΪỲ⣬ĹЦݷһֹķ֮С
Ỳſںס˿ڣЩϴ˿ѪһһС
ϲѪζÿÿױеǻը֮Уʮֲʡ
ǣ
ӦðһУѪ
ѪζỲ˶ûʹζϯǿԼըѰʹĿ.С
˵ǲǲܽܡ
ỲѾѪһεѪӣʼ˱ȡ
ۣۣۡһֵֻ֧ţŤسһֻȥӡ
Ỳſ
ִңﺬ˿ˡ
Ỳֱָ˲䴽մȾѪۡƳƵ˵ƺֲƣҧ
̧֣û˿ڵһ΢Ĵһ¡
žһ죬ѩ
Žд򡣡ỲƵؽҩ۵˿ϣȻ˵ۼҴƽ޹ԩһءҪȻۼҶԩ
Ỳ⣬ƴĲ԰Сд˲š
ѩָƽỲ˸ɾѩӣ˿ڸҩ۲ҩ۳ڽ˿ٴһƿҩĸ֬ͿĨָϣϸϸظͿ˿ϡ
һƿҩֹʹģڶҩ˵ҩֹʹҩֱͿĨڶҩỲСʺһҪ۵ÿޱӡ
ţıӡ
ɿתܿĶỲҲִ⣬˳ͷ
ʱѾҹڵڣʱʵˡڱشǷԭ˿ڵʹȫޣỲϵҩҩЧʵõòˡ飬ַ˿ڵʹҲоˡ
ỲһƣҲ֪ǲΪֹʹҩãҲûжۡ
Ỳӣ֪ҩЧãʼˡվק󣬽ȾѪȹȻֱ̽ϥ£˱ȥ١
Ỳ⽫µʱغߺỲС˸Ǳӣѹ˿ڡỲûֱЪ£תȥϴ֡մѪϴɾ
Ỳ뿪ǰͷſڴϡỲһơ
ỲΪ˯ˣŵ¡ɣƬ֮ԭΪ˯˵Ųꡣ
ۼҴﻹۼһꣿ
˵ˣ˯ţüӱ֣Ỳҵס졣
ΣỲ⽫ÿСطŻر
ԽԽȣỲԽԽʡƫСηůʱڣԼ泩ţȴһС¯
ﱧŸС¯аۣͲȵỲЩߡ
ûнƿ£ֱۣøһЩ
ʹУ.С

ʱں˯ţỲ˳ĽŲ߽˳ţſŵС֣ŵƿ´˳ȥ
ӡԡˮѾ׼ˡ˳ѹ
Ỳѹѹʵţ¥µȥ
ԡͰװˮȴʺԡˮǸմӾдˮˮз˺ܶ顣
Ҷӯһɭɭ⡣
˳뿪
Ỳ·ԡͰеıˮ޿ײ봩հʼ֮С
Ỳ⻺۾Ĭа¶ȡааޱȣֻҪÿʮԽԽȣսһյȾ˵¶ȣòÿʮ֮ҹ;а
ɫỲơ
νа˵ȻҲҪɷ˵Ĺ

Ỳڱˮ˰ʱڻ۾ɫ׵ӣûбʱ·Ҳû˵ıϲ
ӱˮûмȥϵˮա
ʪˮļ䡣
Ỳ⳶֮һȫĸͭ
˴ֶԼĲȱ
ƫỲⲻھǵĲ󣬻Ỳⶼ׼һͭ
ÿÿԡ֮ھǰԼĲȱ
۾ŹǷ¥ߡȹŪˣǴ³﷭Ỳһ멹ϣ°ڳڵ档
ߵǰŵƣ֪Ỳ档۾ٵίڣײǣֳ˿ˡ
ڹҹ£˯
ỲûһĿͭϡ
ԥһƿҵš
֨ѽһ죬ߡ
ӳỲӰԼδ¡һԼԿͭһǡ
ڿԼ
ȵ̴΢š
һߴỲĵĽԼŮ𣿡
̵𴽣Ỳ˵ĻҪʧˡۼҵĲȱɲǵʦԼеġӦۼҵĵ
ðΣ̵ҡҡͷ
ǰߣվǰȥӰӣʣ۲ѽ


120 
ѯ, Ỳû˵Ҳûʲô顣ͭе壬ĿⳤõԶҲʹõĲȱ
ʱ, ȻмаһСܹȵһˣܹɱˡ
һ۰ɣ
͵͵ȥ֪Σգ, ˵ЩҲܿȾһӵĲмһ̫࣬·ʱԶ, ѾҲֱˡʱͻѽѽغŹͷۡ
ʱʹ, ҲǳܵġҪ˰ҪҧŶֿʹ˵ʦһȥ, ˶۵ûȥƫƫͨ˲ǰˡᱻѣǿʹ·еȥ, ᱻٴŪѡ
ʹĥܡ
οԼԼء
ΪʲôҪԼأôأ
, иʹ
ָ̧֣ƣḧỲӰӵü֮ء
˵ӡϴ˵ԼˡȥʷѰҡѾҵˡ
, ͦġỲɫϵ޽˹زϵˮۡ
䴽, ˵ûвĻͬһ졣
⵹Ỳе⣬ˮ۵Ķͣһ, ּĥ´ĿԣŬԼɵʱվԶʵڼǲԼ, ֻǵһջͦů͵ġ
̽ؽг֡
ỲЦЦûҲûϣе޽£·ʼ·ƹ磬ʱȴһСˮ
Ỳ°̧ۼҼǵﲻϲޣóᡣôˣƨɵͿ޳
ƿỲ֣һȥЩҵȥĨϵᡣ
Ҳ֪Լʲôʱ޵ġ
߰ɣȥ￴˿ڡԼ𣿡
ܡǲ롣ӣʵС˵

Ỳ㽫»ص¥ϵݡϹŴ멳ȥ鿴ϵ˿ڡ˿ڹȻһЩָĨЩҩ
ſڴϣԥԥ˵˿ڲǶҪ𣿡
ҲԼĶỲĿ⻷ɨţ̽ۼô
˵ˡȥӣԼŵ°ϡѹ˿ϡıӣѹ˿ϻǾúأ˲šü
Ỳһϵıӳ˵䡣øǡŰɡ
Ỳתȥ֣˵ߡ˯һ
Ỳ䣬־û˼ʲôҲû˵¡
ץֱۣڻ
ỲĬ˺һ˵ǳײ֪ˣǰʱֻ뷨ӽۼҸߡ
ûлػỲ˯ˡ
Ỳһֱ۵һ˫СϡƽﶼһָףͿŽɫʡΪТڣָյӰѩɫ滨
Сָָ׺ۣΪָ΢һ㣬Ǽ˸
ỲǰżӽСָָ׼ȥһĻ
ỲɫȾ˼ᡣָСָˣĥ
ôһϲ
ỲһĴǣճЦⰵһ
ôһϲﹻأ
ۼһˣҲҪϲ
ԣ˷һϲۼҡ
С

ֱ˯͡
һ۾ͿɿỲ⡣һֻһڶһֻ֣˫ֱڻ
̵ؽѹԼؿµƿȴϵˡСȥ˿Χѹһѹжָۣͷǰƣ˿ڡ
ط֣˿ھȻѾˡ̽ѹѹȻҲˣ
ỲԾڿ飬쿪ڣۼҵԼƨɣǲǲ̫á
һ죬ʶȥӣҽԼӸˡ
ỲҲûԼʲôԡ
һ̣Ȼһеغ˼ľٶỲɲ
ת͵͵ȥһỲɫִҴջߣҲ֪ԼǲǶˡ
벻ͨйһ䣺÷
Ỳ̧̧ۣƳһšһ٣ʣֺ˼ʲô
ô˼룿ǵ˼룡Ỳ⣬죬пԡ
Ỳ˲Ȼ
еƵؾͷ˵˼벻Ǻܿɰ
۾Сһ䣺˭պ˼붼ɰ
ỲĬĬЦЦԶ
Ƿڴͷϵ·ݸ
һߴ·һԸпҩӡԼƵģӡѧҽá
ۼûôѧҽеһֱǶ
Ỳ⽫ֵϣҳǰ˻Ρ
ڻζֱּۣȡ䦶Ŀԡ

۾һں࣬ؽ
̫ӿ̫ã˺ЩĶﻹЩУӶһʸС
Ƕϸ΢С㣬ܵʮֵҸС
ͬỲʳԵĶҲ򵥣ٶĳʳйֵϲáУʳܹӣԵʳﲻ֮ôҲ˷ѡ
˳ӡһ͹ˡ˵δѣһֱڽǷš
̧۾ȥỲɫ
Ỳӹ˳ݹӣ˲ǣò
ǡ˳ȥȥ졣
ʵǺỲô£˳껹һԺţ˼ĿŵسỲӣֻµĽǰŲỲЬ࣬һ˫۾Ͱ
ⲻ֪˳ĽǶȣպýӵµСһ˳ͷɫ䡣Ҫװװã̫ˣ
Ỳ̧ۡ
һһ˵ǱߵˣӡɲҪԽ޴ҡ
Ỳ裬ƺһڡüЩؿ˳꣬ʣģ
ǡġūƽʵڲô˳ͷʱе㲻˼ˡ
˳ܹỲãΪỲʹ˳ֵˣ˳ԸмĶ࣬ƽƽ£һֱûʲô

ܿ챻
һֱ¥½ǷżỲ⣬֪Ỳ˲òҲỲٻŲһ¥ȥ
ӡʲôģŵʡ
ɫ΢ҡҡͷǲ֪
ľսظ˳¥ȥ֮󣬿ҲҲ֪Ϊʲô΢ôһ㡣
ؾصỲȻͷ
Ỳ⿪ڡ
ӲͷƤ߹ȥվỲߣĶᵽɤۡγǽŴš
֡Ỳٿڡ
ֵ̧ʱֶǶġů͵ĺҲ亹ʪˡڼϡ
Ỳ⽫ָڲϣѹѹ
Ĵѹ־Ҷ
ỲƳһۣٶֶˡ
һǿԼҪ
æܹŵطŲֱۡ
ǸкỲ֡
ڲĶϣȻ̵̧֣ѹڲĸ
ỲĶˣü
Ỳ֣ſᶽһְȱáȥա
סˡ
ôĪְҪͷѻƽƽˣ
Ỳ˻֣˶¡
ȵȡỲָָĶӣչ˺ۼҵӡ
Ͳ֮Ỳ⿴ȴص


121 ߺ
ỲƳһ, һʱ֮û׼Ϊβˡһյ衣֪ηƽﶼȲ衣ů, żһ赱Ҳ޷
ڲˮյУỲ⿪ڣݲһ򲻴ﳢǸɶӵĲ衣
Ỳ⽫յݸ
ԥˮӹ, ȴûȣŴյ۾, Ųյ΢΢ζˮ档
Ỳһִϣָ΢, ߵ档
Ƭ֮Ỳٴڣﳢա
̵ؽյ
ỲĲɵģ, ﲻòҲɡ
ü, ΢ؽеĲյ¡յеĲˮһΣ׵ֱϡ
̧۾Ỳ, ƣӡΪʲôҪĶӣ
ỲһӦۼôˣ
ԼһҲͲˡ˵, ỲȻӣһһӱˡ
ӣ, 㿴˭ҵĻϱĶӣ
һڣԼСе飬Լ˵ˡѽ, ˼ҵĹȷԲС顣
ɩɩʱ, Ҹ׾ûɩɩĶӣôģҲֻĸϸչšʱԼȥϱˣлСѼסŵʱҲûмȥϱӵĹǣΪˡ
Ỳü
˵㻹֣
֣
ǡỲϰ΢αƵأۼҲ̥̽̽ͽ֣̫ҽּٻؼǧؼأ𣿡
˵̫ҽʱ򶼵ӵģ𣿡һӣᶯֽΡ
ڲζһԺŵ˳ɵˡڵۿתתȥŵò֪ҪҪ̱ܳȥⳡܿⳡܻ֮
ۼ̽̽ӵ̥㲻ˡ̫ҽΪҽߣҽ˲֪ŮжӴﲻòѣϲý
Ļ۾ԽԽỲ⣬ʣ˵ʲô
ۼ˵ˣỲյò˹زŲ档̧̧ۣƳڶ
˿ٻ
ž˫ѹ棬ϵĲյٴλζΡΡͣ
˳磬ΪԼС룬ȶ˰ɣŲš
ỲǸ˶˵˶ٴϲ㣬ƫǲǷҪϲտ⣡ѽ֪ϲȥϲȥֲֻտһˣػܣĿŲ˳ϡ
˳ŲһĪһֲԤУ
һָ̣ͷָ
˳۾Żʺﳯָͷ
˳Ͳһغ¥ȥ
ǡǡǸ˳ᡣ
Ỳ˳ָƳ͵ضӡӣ˳˸£亹ˡ
ȥỲڡ
ǣ˳ٲҵ飬תܡܳȥӭҪỲµˡæ£һ仰˵Զܿ¥Ͽµĳ
һ˵ﳩˡﳩ֮࣬ʼӲ̫ÿԵʧǡһ̫Ȼؽ޷ҴҴȻǲ衣
յ輸ڣȥ࣬µѲˡССһڣؿޣݲͦõ
ٺһڡ
ȻҲĺôٿ
ԭζӡỲ͵͵Ц̧ʱԳﶼЦġ
Ƥ˵Ƴ˵ôÿ𣿡
ÿỲЦŵͷ
ȻʲôʱǺÿġ۾˫Ųյתţεյˮ濴Լ͵͵˴ǡ
ֱ֣Լ˵Ҫȥˡˡ
ߣӲҲҪߵſڵʱỲ⺰
֣Ỻƺûʲôͷû׷ֻغһ
ɽ֣ƺʹĳ
תỲ⡣
Ỳ΢Сָžϵĺ½ĺ䳶ĵ䣬ָֽغзš
̧ĿϡҲĿϵһ̣ȻЦˡŪĺ䱻ɿ׹ŵĺ䴹½ϡɿֳ
Ŵһ˫ֱŲƵһһŲȥֱߵỲǰսִģỲ΢΢һͽ˻
Ỳϣʶ߬ס½ǡ̧۾Ỳ⡣ỲҲںЦдżеᡣ
Ŀԣ˾ĬĬŶԷ۾
ðΣỲ⻺ڣ֪ۼ˵ʲô𣿡
˵ͷ
Ȼ֪ˡ֪˵ʲôǡ
Ҫ
Ỳ۾βһ޵Сѹ˹ȥչȥĴ΢ĴǣߴǣұߴǡܵỲⴽ΢΢Сڣ͵͵̽һ̽Ĵ䣬ȴſ˲䣬ջȥŴȥĴǣߴǣұߴǡ
̧ỲգʹỲĴƿỬաҪգߣұߡ
۾ỲЦȥ۾ò۾ϡ
Խɿı䣬߬½Ȼȥշת⡣
Ỳⳤָķдͷǽڻ
šüܲɷֲֵ˵Լ˿ڻۡỲͳһţƻ£΢ƽ˿ںϥ
Ỳ
룬ܶɹ˼ƣĸԸҲ֮¡

ʱŻص¥ȥ֮ѣҪȥϵĹΡ˵طϳȥˡ˷ϵĹΣԼ飬ҲûдּҲǰս˲١
ϵĽЩ⡣
ϵĹΣųºԲ¥ȥѰϡ¥ԶԶϡϿĵغһСĸɿسܹĻ
ͷǣС֣һߡһţϽ˼Ȥ¡
˯ˡߵĹŮ½ҲԼܳȥ𣿡
ϵºͳ߹һȥġСŮ
߹
ü
뿪ϵķ䣬صԼӣ²̲ס˵Ǹ߹֮ǰڴ϶¡ϻϵԼֻǷ߹顣ֵһˣ᲻᲻̫ãūе㲻ġ
Ҳ˵׼Ȼ֪ߵ֮ǱȵģСҲСһʱ;;֪Ҳǿܵġǵײʮȫʮİġ
˵ѰᣬСŮ߹¡
Ӧ¡
ܿ뵽ϡ͵͵ؼȥˡӳһţͷڻֻҪһ뵽ѣͻϲ۾
ߵ鰲׵ˣͻؼȥ
ɵڶһ磬һһ¡
һǰةմϵʦҲպٽٸԭְƫմĻܾˡ
ƺתΪմ˵ĸװʮ٣ĸ׸ͬסڹ衣
дżȲУһˡ


122 
պû뵽Թ
Щ, ةλһĳһŬԱ, һŬЩԵĵ顣ֻ˵Լøչٵ³ǿˡ, ҲʲôҲһˣԶ볯õķ, µúˡ
֮ӣͬȰ˵ҪЩͬ, ⳯ûһѪ֮ġպľƣÿÿЦһһؾû뵽, ʺἸ͵͵Ÿ
ȻףʺΪϵıֻǾϻ, 뵱ܺĵռ̫֮, Ǹױ˾൱ɿܲݣ
ƫȥţֻǽһŲ˲ݲɨ˸ͷ, û
պɽ뵽ң̸˵áӺ˵, ִӹְľټƾ˵Тڡ
ʺԹպɽա̸֮䣬Ҫص塣һ̸֮, պΪʺĺܶ뷨̫棬浽췽ҹ̷ʵʡƫƫҪ³ŸõķչģƳ, պڸõĳ֮öġ
һòǣûٶպɳɽĻ֪ҪԷһЩʱ䡣֮ϵվӣǽ֮һߴʬ޴档
ص˼ԼպɣҲ
պ
մ˲ˡ˵
Ϊ£մһװպɹףϵװĥȴǻʺӹ͵͵
żδȻһոǰͣûע⣬Ŀһɨտһ
򡣡ڡ
ҪԼݣտҲȻװȻùˡ
տҲһ㶡ʶҪϵĿĳͣһ˲ջߣףüۺЦҲʣֻ˵ոռϷû뵽ˡ
ŵպӭЦ˵̫ҽڹˣĸʱˡ
Цŵͷתȥųµ֣Ҷȥ۾ȴɡ
տռϷģ

ޢޢ͵͵ӹˣ⡭ﲻǸý䱸ɭ𣿡̫̫üиֵСĸοĪҪΪ˻ؼҼˣðôŶ
ѵĸ첲ϣ۾˵ѣﲻǻʹѽڻʹ͵͵ȻѽйҸոհ̴䱸ˣ˵ˣŮ˶࣬ʵҲ˲ҡѾͷİɣҽǱ߰׵͵͵ܻҪġ
㱻ʵ۷Ҳûʲô
Ȼˣ⻰ֱܶ˵
˾ͺã˾ͺã̫̫ǸհᵽйرϣҪ𽥲ˣʱҪðŶ
ţޢޢ֪ģѵĸ첲ϴ˴ա
һţγǵţĽͣҲ΢ЩҲֻһˡĸ׺һ˵ȥѰ˵ĸԼĵ˵
Ԫüһʱûͷ
˵ҵļӶԼ⣬ȥҲǶԳƴӵӡŮҲĹơԭΪСŮһСŮ𽥿ڵǾСŮ¹һ
ڣޢޢзִ硣صġ
ףСùûǲǣܽ
Цŵһۣùñȼ˵ס
Ц¶һС
һ˺ͺΧһ緹̫̫ƣҪȥЪҲܷû˯ǸȥŮһȥһҪЩʱ䣬ݣܻ

ỲҪȥйһˣЩ顣£ԸйҲһЩ
ԶԶ׷ȥĬĬ
飿ỲʱŲûͣ
ɵһúøɵʧ˵
Ỳ⽫£ߵһֵֻģءšһȥΣйʲô
ھ
һ£¶ɫһȥ¾˿Ժˣ̸ϻؾ
ỲߵĵĶһ٣ͣ½ŲתƳ㣬Ҫ˸֮ԴȥΣ
죬޴Ỳ⡣
Ȼأ
ܲ˿ڻѪͿӱ޸ϻؾǰɡ
Ỳú£ͷϡ¶ȸϣҲϲһ׮ȥˡպ²󹬱ǡ¶Ϊ̫ТТڹˣȥǹȢˣ֡಻Ǻݡ
þΣ£Զأɵ£û
ỲӸµƳжµĹлȴûʲô
һɵɶӶӹգ
ǣôء
ȷõú˳֣ỲⲻΪôһ㡣ûǸġ
Ỳ֪ǸĹĳģҲ֪Ǹε⡣ֻҪǸﻹһˡ
ỲСʺ󰲲һպ֮ˡ
һһգˣܿס˾Ⱥȱ˼ǰʲôǺõġ
ỲеˣպгһˣλϣܱЩ
һЩ
Ỳڰ֣ˡй첽ߡ紵̴ζϤζô
Լ˶ǧճŷݣǧڹûϤˣѰǸˡ˻ϲϲطŷãֱ˶ЩˣŽ˽յķŷݣظס
ǧ߬ŷݣŲõЦݡйôãҲûʲôѣܹԼܻϲ
Żȥ֮ҪЩʲôȥźãţ˾ֱӭỲ⣬úܽˣŽỲϳ
ۿỲߣǧɫ˲һףҲ֪ǼǰߺãǱܿáŷݵֶһ߬ŷ˵ء
ỲƳһصķݣŲûͣ
Ỳ˹ǧǻŵҪæݼΪ̫ˣּΣڶ߶µؽվʱỲѸպߵߡ
ǡǲҪ˵ʲô
԰ǳǹĲˡҪ˾ӡ̫񰡣
˽Ӷ
ˣôѽѣū澸ԶһСŮż£Сܹ
ˣỲеӡƺ˵ǸŹһλѧ㣿
Ỳⲻɶ࿴˶ǧһۡ
ǧԼҪûˡķٴ˵أηС鲽ˡ
ййǧһŲȿգһӳȥ
ỲüˣΪѵ̧һѡ
ǧ۾ỲԼ϶øˡ
ỲĿԼŶǧϣȻϲŮˡ
Ŷ
Ỳ֡
顱һǧ˵ˮУ޴ˮ
ϹѵѾ߼һĻվ￴ŶˮðŷӦߺˡ
ỲóѩӣӶز˲֡
˵Сʺһͳ˹ȥ˺üطôطƫȥҡֻȥˡ


123 ײ
ǧᱻ˾֮, ˶ɵˡڵϣϹŹ˵ݹӣӴ, ɫ԰
պԼɽ԰ŷݣǴųϲ˫ϲ澡ϲֶӣһ뿪ˡǧȥʱ, ·Ը˫ϲǰһȻȥԣỲʱ, һҲûС
ϲ˫ϲϢæ, Żŵܹȥ֮ˮ, Ԥ纮ҩһڣǧ԰׵С˵Ρ
ǸΪĿ˶ǧˮһĻĹ, Ҳһˡϲ˫ϲ澿д˻Ƕ
ϲ˫ϲǸ澿д, Ҳһ䣺ֻ˲֪ôһӳˮӡ˶һѡһӡ֡֡ȻȻ󶡲˾͵ˮȥˡ
ûͷûԡ
ϲ˫ϲһͷˮ, Բ֪ô¡ŶǧɫڻˣŮæΧȥ, еѯʡ
С龭˵ˣǸ澵˵ûʲôֻһ䣺Ҽͺ£, ˤˡ
ϲ۾һȻ˵ˣֻǺѽ
ǧ˫ϲ
Ҫˤ, ӡ˾Ȼһѡѵӡ˶Բ࿴𣿡
ǧʹҡͷ
ǲ˫һ֣²Ļ
˫ϲصһۣ˵Ϲ˵˳ɲɣӡ˵˼ô֣
⡭ϲüʾ֭ĥ˺ð죬һĴȣˣܹݣΪǲ˵ע
˫ϲӸˣСֹһ䣺ӣ㲻Ѿˣ˹˵ܱдӵӪ
ϲȴԼˡŶǧ۾˵ӣĺӵū˵ȥأһ޿غ̫ҽҪܹӡ˵ĻͲյȾಡѽ
˫ϲʵȥˣ˵ϲҾִҲÿӡ¶ҿǲʱӡһ仰Ҳõǰź򡣡
ϲסˡ˫ϲԼ
һ˵ʵҲͦÿġҪһȥһܳɹ
ǧŹֵؿЦ˵ΪӺѽ壡
Լȥɣϧ˫ϲ˵ǧᣬ˵ӣūȥСһˣˮŵöעЩ
ǧͷñӽԼסȻѾˮȳˣǾú䡣
ʲôǸģ벻Щ顣ǧӣؼҡ

ȥЩŮǰͰ飬һֱ⵹ǵһۼ
߸߰Ĺǣȫխ¡ȿ㣬ûһ˴Źƽʱȹӡ
վһһһšΪСͬӸ߰һһۿȥô롣
ȥɢ
һβĹﴵ˸ڣЩɢܿŹģرȻš
վڸ̨ϣʮȤǡ
е㲻˼˵ҲеͣСùãѶˡ
ŶĿЩϣô˵˰Ѵ󻰶˵ˣҪѵһ֧㸸׵ıŮ
ô˵ʱ˼ˡͷеɥǵ̫̫ˣЩǰڼӹòѣ·С鲽ӡе˵ǴСˣؤʳûйӣ˾ƼƤͷһ
ҲˣĹǣӶ̫ϸˡǹҰֵĽϸģǼӪĲݡ
ʳʡ˿ģձʳ˵ڻǣܿùȥˣбʱҲЩܿĹ֪ܳԱů
ֹ֪۵ЦСùãҲŲ˵󻰡ǸտʼءЩʱ䣬ҿ϶ܰñȸ׵ıҪã
ҲֻŲǵ壬ָͷ˴ԴͬԼ顣ȻкܶԾΪŮ赶ŪǹãպҸ˼ˡ
⡭סˡ
˵㲻˵һЩΪʲôѣкԹҲõ
ãסˡСùãȻǰСùúǰ̫һ
Ц񣬽ִļϣ˵ǱֻһǻǡΪ˧ԶԶ
̵صͷǶˣҲǲŶһ롣
Ȼ⡣˹ȥ
ոմӵĸβָһ͵ǲǣľӶòļһõö㻹ôɱУЩ
˵Ĺﳤһ˫ԲԲ۾ʮͷӣ˵ȴơѵǸĹʮӣӡѵ˻۾ģһ仰û˵˦˦󣬶ȥľ
æͣʵû͵ҲͦŮġǡĺý
֮ˣҪȻҲĿʼ˾̡һԾһֱӧľ֣߹ȥȥá
أúܷ
Сùã
ӧľַˡ·Ůǣ˵ϸȻǶԵģոһյĲ֮£ܶ಻ϸҲúϸ񡣿Ĳأ𣿡
ͷ˵ģСùã뼸ЩսӱȥѧҽҽҲǱѽҾùϸȥѧҽȻоҽĶǻСߣҲ֮ˣ
Цˡ
ͷ˵ŮϲбβŴӱأ
ѾȥʺϹõıȻˣ֪ˣҲǷҪóľ֡󵶣ϰҪԶȾŵǹɱҪС࣡鷢һ֧ӣʹбһҲܽѽ
Цҡͷ˵ɣơ
ԶԶԡɻطȴƣ
иʵùþͲ֪ԼЦߡһۣҪȥˡ
վԭĥһȥ׷ܵߣ˵һиʵģûУǾͶ
۾һŻڱЦЩŻ汻ѹš񳯣ٲڣŻȼһһֱڸһҪĺܺúܺãЩЩЦûɱ޺ˣķڷ
һǻ־Ȼ˶֪Сùһǡ
üС˵ĸ׺þûˡ
֪᲻źۼʾģЦ¶һСǣСùõ֣һ˵ػؼȥ

ң˷ֿظסз磬һһصڣ϶մЩ糾Ҫȥϴ
ƿݵţƹһỲɿĴϡ
ôʡŷỲʳָڴǰʾҪ

ôˣ
ֱһ̣ѵ˭ˣ
̫̫һƹһۿüЦһ̿ɿڴϵỲ⣬üɵʣޢޢ˭Ĵϣ
̫̫ʱ˯ѣ֪ȥһֱͰ͵ջظϢ̸ϹǰŸѾҪЦʹɫޢޢϲɰϷ
룬ûϲԼǵ˸ľϲ


124 
˽, ˡ
Ỳ⵹ԵõȻࡣˣû֮ǰɢпڴͷ, һһ飬ⷭš
ĸײԥ, ΢һЩֽ鷭һҳʱǰ, ͷϡ
ɫƳƺмҪЦ˼
̫̫ü, һߴỲ⣬һǰߡߵ, ɫֽĿỲϡ´Ŀ, ܽ˵ڰ˱
˶˵̫̫һĥ, Ѿ߶£ҰŹϡ
ߵʰҲƹһ̫̫ȵ̫˸, ŲﲻľϲЧ, ѾԶһЩѾߣҲûݣ, ȻҲûỲ⡣
˵ǲǣߡ̫̫ڴµ޺£ִСϣһ
۰, һüЦȰò񻰡ɵҵĵĸȫҶܵ÷ġʵм
һû˵أȦȺˣһ˫۾ί̫̫ӣſǻѣޢޢˡ
Ỳ̧̧ۣϡƳ
̫̫Ƥ
۾Сһӣۡ
ǹҵĴ˸İˣ鰡Уۣ̫̫һᣬ
ͷ˫߬һ𣬻ದָ߬ͷһŲ̫̫ߣ̫̫ȥѵ֡
̫̫Ŀ˵˵µʱ
ŲŲŲȻ̫̫ϣɤ˵ϴβ˵ޢޢ̫Ҳʹõءޢޢھһ
Ỳ⽫ִĴߣ޳ָ΢飬ʳָߵšӡ
̫̫ĸ첲Ťһѡٶšʹ˺ôľȥš⣬Ҳֻšӡ
Լԣٷ߷߳ĸ첲һƣߵ˵֣ʵۻûأ
ޢޢ˵ԼءѵĴ֡⻻ϷˮеĵطŴǻ
̫̫ԼšˣҲ㹫ˡ½ĿỲϣõʣܼ͵͵װ㣿
æ˳ѵĻæͷԶԶԣģ
ʲô֣µģܰѵڽе
ѣ
̫̫һۣĻû㣡ư˸ư͵ײɣ
ġỲѻ࣬ԸѣѽŭֱšѵĲӡһ뵽﷢ëĥҪȻƭỲǸưͣ˼ţỲƵؿˡ
ۡҽ⣬Ѵȷڽ¡
㵵Ỳ⡣
ỲȴûпǺЦ̫̫ɫº͡ŵеʱζ
̫̫ͣشỲ⡣˻ͦòҲܺ΢һ㡣ԾɰʣȻҲ򣬵ˡ
ỲȻͬղ֮˵ˡ⣬ʱꡣ
Һ̫̫
Ỳ⾹ȻؾصغЦ˵ǡ
ѵϡŵỲ⣬ϡشӴʱϸܵ˼ִδй崺硣
̫̫׼ỲҺѡ
̫̫ĿỲϣе㲻뿪ˡ࿡һСɾѽޢޢոպãСʱ򣬾Ϳʼɫ÷ǿȥ˭Ҳûϣĸòȱ㣬Ǹ鷳˭Ҳ䲻ޢޢ
ǰɾ治
ģ濡Ǵӻ߳Ƶġ̫̫һˣⱲʲôÿûǰÿȥεĹӸǣǶǰСɾһְ㡣
ҲɤӶޢޢ˵黰ǵöද
ҲѹԹԵСĸξȻôʵۻţͿʼˣ
̫̫Ȼ̾˿
ɱĹʵۣСĸȥޢޢôĵĿɾȻֻ͵͵ġ
СɾΣŸ첲ȥ೤ƫƫɱĹʵۻţֻ͵͵ţ
̫̫̾˿
æֱӣѵҡҡϳǻѡ
֪ܲġ
̫̫ȻʶԼһֱŮе㲻ʣջߣѵССӵǲС
ǣ˵ǡߺء
̫̫ίӣʵװȥˡָͷ˴ţѵעŵ㣡ҪǱˣҪԴģ
æصͷһף¶ôȥˣ
ԴԴָָ̫̫Ỳ⡣
ỲЩƳ̫̫һۡ
ʲôָ̫̫մỲţҪޢޢŹԿǣ
һæסָỲ֣Ŭɫؽѵֱڻ
Ỳȴֻº͵΢Цţ˵ѷģҲޢޢġ
ձңңỲ⣬ܾ̫˸ˡ
̫̫ɵƳһۡỲԱŮĳƺȻǱϹϾسƺֱС
⿡εСɾĪǲСԹףã
ţͦġ
̫̫ͷ
ϸմŵЦֺȻüԹһ䣺ɱĹʵô
ѵɫ΢˿شչȥѵĸ첲ڻýĵѣޢޢûµġؽѣ
⻹ࡣ̫̫һҲˡ
СĸΣӦʲôŶԣ
ǡšü¶ɫߺߣ׺ĸ֪һҪѵҡѵҲҪǻᵣĵġأޢޢΪҵġѰźòѽޢޢˣޢޢѣˣ
չȥѵϰڡ
Ỳ⿴ӡ
ԭǰһ㹦Ӱ
䲻ӣɤӵŴϴ˿˿Ƶ.Уֿ.޿ײ룬ܿ촫ȫ
ỲƵ̧֣ĴָָѹѹԼĴǡ･δһĨɫ
ˣˡžˣ̫̫ڳ¶ЦԼҲҪġֵؽ˴Լע⡣»ٱײˣ
ţæͷ
ﵱȻѽ˵Ĳ滰ĵ֪ỲݡѴӽϹңҲֻһϲỲ⡣
ָ֪ŵǰ˶ٴεļỲ⣬ǡ
ֱ롣
ˡ˵ˡ糾͵ġȥϴ£һҪˡ
ѡ
š̫̫ϳ
ͷỲ⣬ỲվͲˡ
̫̫קߡҪſڣ̫̫ѹֻһף
Ȼһæ˵
̫̫ʣϴ㴲ϵǸҲ
סˡ
۸ۻ軨סˣ´β˵ʱЬҲ
ǡ˫磬е㷺졣
ˡ̫̫ſ֣ߡ
ſãתȥߵỲǰϥǵڴϣ̵˽°ʹϣԹˡ
ỲһֽһƵʣۼݵú𣿡
ðΣȹʱŵ俪ڡ
Ҳ㱾ӵġ


125 
ڶλ
Ỳһ¡
, Ѿܶû˺ѻİС·ԼѸϣûʲôϵˡ
Ҳ, ӦûڶʮǰǳجӦһʧ
οڣΨһһˡ
Ỳ⽫ִ, ָƣƷϸϸŪšϸ, ¶ȡ
һ߸Ūһ߻Щʵʵļ, һۼҽϣôۼң
˵, һֻֽϵϵϵ³ɿ, ȴ⿪ǲ㱡ĴŴ, £ᡣ
ıѵؿеֳۡһȥ, ỲϣϡỲɿʱ, ٵϥȥһֱ齵ࡣ
ỲסĽ󣬽һֻСŷϸϸ档קק, ûܳɹѡ
ʰߵţԡˮ˹ˡ
ǽһ˵, һỲŽĽɿŲߣ᣷ڴµǰһ̣Ҵſڴϣȥصȹӣȹս˴
һ⴫˽ݵĽŲ
˽ˮһڵߣῴһĴ齣ֱͽСҡؽ᣷ˡ
Ŷ˵ĽŲ
һأȴǱỲѹĴϡ
һһСĽŲڶƵġʶزķ򣬷ŴƬɫɽˮɫ᣸ߣʲôҲܵỲ˹ƣصһۡȻỲⲢûпžС顣һ߻ӣһС
Ŀš
Ȼף˽ͰˮСңͻصȥ˵ƿ㴲ᣣǾһ벽ﻹǻ̵̻ģ³ʲô⡣
Īѹϵˣ˭֪᲻ȻŪˣţûۣǶһɨѸŴԼһСķʲô춯
鼱֮£Ỳļ磬ȥȻһתѹϡ
ỲƳ˵ȤζСģ
һֵ̣̽Լ󣬽ỲưỲһֻֻ֣󽻵һѹͷȻǽܳҲˡ
˽ͰˮͽСңͷߡδߵſڣһ洲ϴϸ΢Ļζ졣
ͷǸ˺سһһۡ
ʰǿһǸ̵ͷһ˳ӣٲҿ
ȥɡʰĿЩˮ뿪ԼҲ⼸ߡżһ۱һסĴ齷򣬽ϡ
ŹغϣһƷڣɵƮһˮɫϵĴᣣΩΩФİɫɽǻһ㣬΢ӯ衣
ľ͵رơ
ֻȻ˴ᣡ
ˮɫ£¶ˡ˫糺죬ŭŰ㽿Ρϵ߰˰ˡ²Ӱ污ǳ촺ǹϣȴҲֻһ첲׹ţֻһ½Ǵǰ˴ᣣַ֮Ψһڸ첲ϵҲһϡ
ϵıһǳæվʱע⵽ϵı
׹䣬Ӵ滬䡣ԾϵĴҷصĲקĴţתỲ˹ȥźЦ׸ϡ
ỲЦЦϵĴ
ȴѾٿŲҴСȥˡҲûˣҪЩϴȻǰȥܲü˵
ʱСﴫˮ
Ỳ⾲ĴϣŪ뿪ǰӹĴȤȻŴСﴫˮԺʱʲôСԼ̵ˮԼֻߣһ۾
ỲûٰŪĴˡĴչԼϡ
С˫ѹԡͰıԵŶͭеԼЩСˮ뵣ͭϸһˮʲô塣
ˮһҲԡͰ˳ȥϵ޽ҴҲϵˮա
Ƭ֮Ķ
ȻԼ˺ôŸȥỲ⡣ǵԼһѰǰһҹ̨ʣҲ׾˵һʵ㲻Ļ
ǸʱŶʹ˼ơеļ׾һҲĿŵ롣Ǹʱʵ̫ˣֻὫңԡ͵͵ȥĿϵģȴһ鶼ûСԡʱӣΪ
޽ƵһϸĴǵãȻǵá
߳ίһЩİɣȴ˿Լ˼Ƶ˻Ӧȡʤһ
䴽ҡҡͷ֪ԼôͺȻǰˡæӿ춯ϵˮնɾҴһϸɾѣת˳ȥ
ΧŴ齵ȴᣣһȹһȴ䡣ĽǶȣֻܿỲԾڴϣƺԾ뿪ǰơ
ߵߣĴ΢΢һ㣬ȵطỲ˯ˡ
㶡Ỳһȷ˯ˣڴ¡ҲûʲôֻǰỲ⡣
ʱʰԡʱ䣬ߵţʰ׵ˣ
ɲǣüỲɫû˯ѣ˿ҲʰǵĻվһȴҲŽż⣬ŵ˳ȥ
棬û˽ȥʰСңʰǰѰݺ׼˽ȥҲŲҪڸ
Ҳ쵽ŵʱ֮Ҳٻݣֱȥĸ˵ȥˡ

űӦһ˾һԣ͹ĵܴܵżͬŰݷ
Ỳһ仰֪ߣȥϽ˷ˡ֮У֪֪ͲǵǶҲһǻ־ĵ͡
˷˷֮½֪˼ղŵ衣֮Ϊ͹鱼˼գղڳ򣬺ȥϽʶļ佫һͬݷ
ԣҸӱҹǰԺߡŮںԺһš
һ˽ףҲʲôΡңң˶֪ȻҪ̫̫ġ
̫̫֣ЩߵѯʣǸ׿ˣ
ѿס֣ǰỲģ־ñŤ־ЦչȥС˵ѣûߣ˯ء
̫̫ͷ
Σ̫̫üͷ´յѯʣС׼ûУ
ѻỲ⡣չȥػѣһȥʱԵġ
Ͷˡ̫̫߬ĵСޢޢ˶ҪӡڰˣѾܲþˡöһ㣬ůģܶأ뷨Ӻ㻶ģ
죬ֹ
ѳĿӲͷƤͷζӳ¡
̫̫⣬յֹڹʱҪǸġȻò׳һˣǺӣҪڣ϶ֵúܡһѽȥתתûУ
Ŵ۾Ỳûϲŭס


126 üͷ
Ĭصͷ, ̫̫ḧֱĶһ¡
Ŵչȥҧ䡣˵ޢޢƽʱʱöءò׻ؼˣޢޢѡ
̫̫ʱһů, ʱᵽʲôĻŭšĿϲ
ιҵСĸϣչȥЦ˵ʲôѺһȥѽ
סˡ
ôˣʲôģ̫̫üͷһš, ⼸챾Ҳϳȥ䣬ֻһʱŲ, ͣϸ첲ȵ, ߲þͻ÷ܶ鶼ˡ
˵Ļ
̫̫ͺܴˣο, Ҳߵĩ˼ˡһ뵽гһջʧȥѣܵæ˵ޢޢȥ, ſƣ
̫̫˲¶Ц
Ӧ֮ʱһҪһ, ȻҲȥ˿ûвʶỲġ
۽ǵɨĸסɩɩ, ͵͵Ѱʾչȥֿʼߺ, Ӧұܵġߺߡ
ʲôȥ̫̫˵
ʵǿȥˡЦŽӷ£ŶϱŮ˵ǿ˵أ
ҺĸŮҲЦ
Һ̫̫Ӵ, Ǻ죬ֻЦţûнӻԼֽ˾䣺ҧ, ֱأ
ԣǰ¡̫̫ȰЦţһһҪޢޢȥӱתתҲǣ
Ҳ׷ѽҲ׹ŮװشȤ
ҺŽ˵˼Ц
۾Цȴ̲סֹỲһѳȥ棿
֪Ϊʲôܾûס

ùţֺͼһ̫̫ƴʹɫչȥѽС˵ȥͷǺӣ
áЦ
վ˵ʱءѣһȥ·˹һȥſƣ
̫̫ЦŵͷãѲ

ʵҲ̫ȷȥʱỲ᲻ỹѾǰˣ˹뷿ỲⲻӰֻƭͻȻ˲£뿪
ǽǵİԶԶæվӭȥ
ӡ𣿡ѯʡ
ûУӡһֱûҲԸʲôЦ˵
ͷʰǽŵʳеݸûʰǸţԼݡȽʳзϣƹһ齣Сؽ
Ỳ⻹˯ţЩȡӡУỲҹﶼߣǲ̰˯
òԾȹǣڴ£Сӡ
ûлӦ
һϢûС
һỲֻ֣ûỲ⣬ｩһعֱỲĶͷʱϵĹƵֲ˲
Զһһûʲô˵¶ȡ
ͻȻȶȣ
Ỳ۾ӳģʧǵӡ
Ỳ۾Ŀ˺һʣ㡢ôˡ
ԼƯģʵոֱϵ¶һʵ
ͨˣȻΪˣ˾ҪΡ
ǣỲ⡣
ᷢ
ʹϵ¶ֱ޴ˣһͨһ
Сһ飺ôˣ
Щ˵赭дЦЦȻ̧̧֣ͷ
ȻסỲҪµ֡
ϸϸһ£ϻϤ¶ȡһ˲䣬һ˿
ȥ˲عæ첽ȥԸ
Ըʰ֮ûתȥվ⣬ſڵķ
ӱʲô
ܿ͹ӽӹæתƺԼվ⣬㱻żһ£һűߵǽڣûˤ
ʰǿ첽Ҫ
ûʲôЦЦɿʰǵ֣ûȥ
ƹһỲѾڴµϣƵתŪСϵĲյ龹мС
첽ȥһӱСϡ
ỲƿӣһۣȻһ飬ָѹ飬Ȼ˹ؽųԡ
û뵽ҪԱ
ȻսůͣҲûеȵļỲһڽһڽ˳ȥ䡣
վһĬĬȻسű顣ðΣƵʣ㵽ôˣ
Ỳ̧̧ۣƳʣʲôôˣ
΢΢Ҫַ¡߬߬ȹӣɿȻỲȥССһڽ̧ḲỲĶͷ
סˡ
ûУû˵¶ȡһ糣ǸỲ⡣ոֱһĻδֻĻþһ
̵ؽַšü
˵ûȾ纮
ỲЦЦɫдżᳰ纮ôȾûмԱ˦˦ָմˮգȻѩӣز֡
һһʳڣΪӡаɣ
ǰɡỲƽƽ˵ǻȻ⣬ڷܡ
üһһʣĻ˵⵽а𣿡
ỲȻ¡ʣﶼʲô˵
˵˵агһջᷴ㣬㡭㲻úҧ
ԭ˵Ỳ⻹Ϊʲôϡ˵ءֵѩ¹صãСϡȻſڣǲ޶ֻĵһ±ԼаʱҪͬ졣
ỲЦЦָָҲҪʢûۼΪҲˡ
Ĭ˺һͷ˵ȥͦõġ
̧۾ǰỲĲ
赭д˵˶ԹޡȻԼϲں
û㣬ͦõġ̵˵
ܵĵ䣬ỲתͷԵģסСۣקƽƣ˳ֱۣһ·ϣֿĳָĺ󾱣ǰ
Ỳ˵ôۼң
⻰ʱ۵ϷʣʵƲʲô
ȴ룬Ȼлͷ
õ˵δ飬ʵ˵׼Ҳ㵱ȻˣһôӦ᲻ġΪ裬Ѿˡ
Ỳ۵׵Ϸȥˡǰ˵滰
üϵپе㲻ˡԼʱ˿˵ܡỲ⹴󾱵ָͷһһվֱӸµỲ⣬Ʋֵ˵Ỳ⡣
Ỳ̧̧ۣ˵ȥ
ȴ𴽣ʲô˵ˡתȥʳй˵Ҵ㣬šһˣҳȥơңҪһȥ
ѰոеķĶûз
ֻüͷԾţȾһɫ
ЩټٵܶҲ׼ȷطֱ١׼ԼôһĶ׼
׼Լϲѻ̫࣬ѻ̫ˣʱҪԸᡣ׼
ΪỲ⡣
Ỳ⡣Ỳһۣ۽۵׵ʲô
̡תͷȥỲ⣬Ŭ˿иȥ
ỲȴȻЦˡ


127 
һڱ֪ġỲ˵
ת۾, Ỳ˹سԶһ£˵ҲЩ
ֻȥŶǧѧ㣬ʱŵʡ˵ϴ, Ĳᡣ
ֽЩĪ۾˵ԣԺÿˣȥѧѧЩ
ʵ, һ㶼ϲ̡Ĺð̵߰ζһĵϣиִѪˮɫҶðСӡ
һжܡ
, һһǧѧһҪԽȥһǳءỲ˵š
һ, û뵽Ỳ˵
˵ƳһۣŤһȥ, ˵ո˵Цӡǧ档
ỲƵ̧۾, ϸƷ˵Ĳ˳ǣָյǣһըõĺ컨, ŽУءؽ顣
һǽͷתͷ, ỲԶʣĳպƲ߳嵭Ż𣿡
ûԳʲô𡣡Ỳ˵
˵ʵỲϲ嵭һЩĲ, ͬһˣǳڲ֣֮ͬζ̫ࡣ
Ͳʲô֮ܿˡʳ, øҪЩ
һߴỲ⡣ʳŵģĿùۿųһܡ
ѾԱˣỲƵسԶ, ЩոնԹˣ˲⡣
ʳĶֻǸỲ׼ģʳҲһݣû׼һݳһԥһĿϡỲոֻһڣӡһṵ̂׵С̰׵ϣŵõꡣÿˡ
Ȼֻһڱˣ֤ϲ԰ɣ
˵ؽ˵ǰͷҲȥỲ⣬ỲùӣҨһ࣬Žгˡ
֡ʱҲһ㡣ʱô
ỲƳĶڣۼùġ
ԾɵͷüšỲһ䡣˵ˡ˭֪ùģǵ˵
ɶ
ɫ糣ءŶһ󷽷ʢһŽУϸƷˡ̧۾ƳỲ⣬ֱ׳ʣôӡ⽲ù˲׼ã
šỲͷƵ˵Ҳǡϲ˱ۼҵĿˮ
㣡ؿֻ۾µ˵
Ỳֳһ㶫£ٳˡ
Ỳ꣬뵽Ļˡһͷ߶߶˵ĺ㲻ϲƵġ
ỲôǵĶһ٣̧̧鳤۽ϣ̵գ۾ü
Ỳ⽫ӷ£ȥ
ʲôʶҪһ㿪ָֹ֤ڷա
ƳỲ⣬Լòķ֮ʣƺ˵
Ỳָͣһ£ǰĴָѹüģḧ˸ü̫ΣȥҪһˡһЦӡ
˵ҲỲĶ۾ϸϸָĴ
Ỳջ֣ƫֽո˵Ļ˵˵Ĳԡ
Ӧһ£ỲǷĻ˵ϲ˱
Ỳ⣬˵Ļдߣбû²ϰ
Ỳ޳ָתССһյֻʣһˮۣƳŴյζǵˮյˡָƵѹѹǣɫ档
Ỳ֣⳯
ĮĿԼƺҪ˵ʲôҪ顣
վɻس߹ȥỲסϸ󣬽ţֱۻ΢ָĴḧѡ
еƫҲҪӿ
ỲĶ⣬չȥ΢ĴĦޱߣͳͽС
ۼҷϲ˱һĿˮĮȻɫ˵Ļ
һ˲ĻߣĬĬ˵仰ظһ飬˵ʲô
˼һ˫ӡ˫ɸɾ㽥Ⱦ˼콡
㵵Ỳ⣬˿ò
Ϊʱ˿̣ԼӦúӦýỲƿ޳ǡ
ԼĿڡ
׿ЩνӦŬԼʵ뷨
ѹĿڵȥֱͦļҲȥ۾Ỳ´ϡ
Լ˹Ӿƣ϶ڷա뽫Ỳ´⿪
⣬
̻̲ƺ֪Լ˲õаа޴롣
ỲƳĳĬķӦ̫⡣
ҪҪʱӦþ֣ۼҵݺ˦ơỲץ֣Լϡ
΢Ĵģ΢һЩƵؽˣ˵
ǣеƽϵĸо
ỲⶢϸƬ̡üʣò԰ɣ
˵Ҵľͷ˽ᡣ
Ỳ⽫һƷƵҴ󣬻ۼҽˣú
˵룡õɣ档
⣬ʰʱţС̫̫Ǳʲôʱ
һתͷ򴰻ķŷ־ȻѾˣǸóˡæʰ˵ػ˵˵Ϲȥ
ǡʰӦһŲӯؿ첽ߵԺſڣȥػ
ѴỲߵױ̨ǰЩ˵ͷһţһѯʣ㵽ҪҪҺȥ㲻ȥȥ˵ҪҲеġ
ỲⱾӦҪȥɱˡǸЩСӪͬȥ;óʱ佫ɱҲɡ
ͷȥѳۼô˼ܾ
ͭԶỲ⣬ȴе㷸ѡ˵ΪĺڣϺӱ߶֡ô˻᲻Ὣϳ
Ůװһ㶼񣬸ˡȻˣ紩Ůװٴɴ档
ţվ³﷭·
ΪٹҪΪ̫ɥڼУҲɴɫҲɵ棬ȻҪһɫǳѡһĳȹҹҹ̫һЩȹӡ
ַ֮ѵỲ⡣
˲ʶỲ⡣Դ裬Ỳ⼫ǰ¥棬糯ҲûȥɾˣӾиĳӼҾҲʶġİҲǵõմӵʱһ档
ŮӳŴɴΪ˱ܻ䣬ӳŵܴɴ
³﷭˷һɫİߡߵỲǰŽż⣬Խ߸ϡ֮ǰûĥôαװ³һЩߡװ֮Ķ
ɫỲߵ˫۾ƺ˾뺮
һߴỲһһȥ
ܾãײỲ⣬ʹߣһ۽ϳ
е㵣Ỳ߻ǻᱻϳǱϳֵڽҴΣȻǲϣ֪Ỳݡ
תһ룬ϣģӱˣӦòע⵽Ỳ⡣
ɡ˵
Ỳǰȥѣһ·ĵ˺ӱߺ˻ϳỲ⣬Ҳ˽Ỳϳ


128 ҹ
ΪôԼỲװһ, Ѳϳʵһӡ̫̫Ǳһӡ
ֻŰȥ˶øţĸף, Ҳİü
ҲһԸ͵صͷ˵ҲҪһЩͲѽʵڲϲ͸ţüӸҲѽʲô, æš
һԵͷŸ͡
֮, ̫̫λֵܸȥǵ󷽱㡣
ֺҲʶһ, ֪Լͬȥ㣬Ҳ˵ȥչˡ
̫̫һ˲ԥҲֻһ˲ˡ
ɴӦޢޢ, ҪܵġôС¶˵Щˣ
̫̫˵һ, ʲôĵģӹǴ˵ġô, ǻߵ̲£
Ԫһ£ֺ֪ͰݶǴӶģȻ˵, ŮҲ޷
˵ˣֻ̫ޢޢȥתһתԼڼﰲţ̫̫ü, Ѿмֲˡ
£˶ȰˡҲȷǱ̫̫˵ˣߵӦǿɿġ
˵, ʰǽŲҴҵظϹ
̫̫һۿŵ̴żЦĿԽ, Ѱһûп뿴Ӱ̫̫еʧ
ѡ߹ǵѵ֡
̫̫ﰲοԼҪæء
СĸģֱĿ̫̫Ц֣˵ʰŵأ
šˡǶڸˡĳգգۡ
̫̫ʱˡ
úúã˵Цźһߡ
˸һΣֱ͵⡣һͣ棬ֺͰڳǰ˳ֺͰϹϾغšͬʱҲӲͷƤ˵Ĵ
ȷʰǵֵӳŷһۣỲⴹĿڳѸջĿ⣬֣Ҳ
ֻ˰ֺͰûʰǸš
ʵΪ˰Σ룬ֺͰҲǲҪġҲΪü˷Щ
ҿ첽߹ȥ
ƿĴһǣȥôɩӣ
ҽһС
ɻһۡϤɫСɺУû򿪣֪װǣ
۾Ц˵õǶСЦ̡
ǵģɫÿľʲôǶɩ˵С˵
ãЦɩɩʲôǶóԣ
ȥɡ˻ȥ
ǰĴǰİֳִһݡƥ
˺λվԺſڣԶ
ü˵ɻ󣺡ˣһݳƵģһ򡣵濿ף
ⲻɻҲǴʱ˿վǣܶеʡ
ĸ˵ˣǶùµģºܴ˵
Ҳǣ׻˵ú˲ò࡭˰Űɵص˵ͷ
ʧһתȥˡ

̫̫˵˵ĶѰļҳ඼̫̫ѯʣɵػش
һ˵һ߽ǰҵݸǺд򿪣óԡǿڣ֪ɩɩõǣ
еǻˣһǷŽС
̫̫һʹ˸ɫ۽ǵɨ˶Ỳ⡣
лҳʱỲһֱɫĮڶ棬̸ֺʲôҲû²ؼ⡣
ǳҲûߡɫַ߱һԡ
һ£ƿСɺеĸӣȡһѩ׵ǣỲݹȥóԵġ
Ỳ̧̧ۣƳĮȻɫȻȾϼơǽӹŽУ»𡣡
̫̫šһѣתչȥߵ˵ͶˣǶ᲻á
죬û˵ֻһǣ̵һ͵͵̧۾ڶỲ⡣û뵽ȻĿ⣬Ŀһ˲ɿ콫Ŀƻ
ƿСǺеĸӣһԡ
̫̫ǸЦˡΣﵹǾеź̾һ

˺ӱߣȻ֡
ΪٹТҲƮˮĺӵƮҹĻеĿƶĺɫ󲿷ֻǳǳĻɫֵĹͺͯǣҲɫ
ǾãڻƮҷ£ֻɫᡣ
ɴỲҲ鲻ԸؽǺɫߴˡǰߡỲһࡣ󼸲ں档ڰ֣ûиǶ
ѾЩûгˡ̫̫п
ͷһᡣЦţ˵Ժޢޢѳ䡣
̫̫ЦЦûӻ֪ޢޢģѾǻʺˣŶʮֲףճҲҪڣôԺһйĻ᣿
̫̫ˣûã;۵ûšƳˣںӱߵһʯͷЪЪ
ӱкܶʯͷΪģЪ֮á
ҹ֣ˡѡطΪ·߸ĵղЩûʲôˡ
ݼЪæܴĻƣűߣԹ֮á
̫̫һԶ׷ȺЩп˵ЩյӲùҲһЩʱ֡
˳ѵĿԶüۼЦݡ˵ӻԽԽġ
̫̫ȴ̾˿ٳʱƳŮһȳһյӰҲյļӡ˸кȻӿͷ˸ͬʱӿԹߡ
˵֪ʲôʱͷ
һתͷѡ˲ȻѶȻ㻹ж硣
ҵƻһƬƫƫʧȥҲܻ
ŴҲЩ˸ܿ컺ȥЦѵ֣ɤȥѡ˼ҿġ
ʵ̫ˣ̫̫ͷᣬôñ㳤ӳǽȥ˶˵㿷֮޲ã㳤ԭķް
ѣǲ˵Щο
ãȣôͺĵǿҹŰڴ֮ǿȥ˵ΪǸ𣡡
죬֪ôȰ
̫̫£﷢ࡣ
˾ӡ̫Ỳ⣬ǸɱǧĶ
һ̧ͷỲ⡣
һںӱߵʯͷϣỲȴվһԣޱźƮĺӵơ
æ˵ѣ˶ӣ治˵Щ顣
̫̫˳Ŀ⣬Ỳ⣬˵ҲûˣֻңС⡣ѵЩСⲻ˵
Ỳ΢Щػعͷ̫̫
ôһ˲䣬϶ЩĲӣ˻ƵɤӱεһСС
ţ֡ĸĸסǴЦصһ𣬸˶ʮ꣬һ˲
ת̫̫˵˵Ķԣԡ
̫̫ü˾͸ñǧУ
Ỳ⵭Цףظǣ˵ȷǧС
ֱͦһ㽩̧۾Ỳ⡣ӽӵŬѹš
̫̫ˣЩţ̾˿˵ֻǸϲǹĻбôĳпɳ֮˰±ͷҴ󷽷ʵۣһ㣬ƽ׾ͱ˰һͷ
ѱ˵ˣȻѵĻ


129 
̫̫һ, ʶתͷĴΪΧڣųƻɺֶԶ, ҲվúԶΧ˶ѡѵЩ治ܶС˵
̫̫ɻỲ⣬ʼĦݡ˵ڽе, Ϊʼ¡
ỲüƳ, ָ𣺡ô˵ģ
죬ֹ
̫̫һɫ, ɨһỲ⣬ȻЦˡ˵úú, ˵Щ˵Щġޢޢѽһ, ôʶģ
ɿỲһۣ΢ֱ, һ˵һع磬ҵ, ǰϹϾͻҡ, ޢޢòҵƣ֮ʱʱǰժɽ, ͺ÷ʱʱЩµǹ
̫̫ţЦỲ⣺ѽ
Ỳͷ, Ƶ˵ǣͻǹʱЩ͸档
ϣС⻹ţĶʲô廹ӣ̫̫Цӯӯ׷ʡ
ȴɫ̫Ȼ
Ỳû̴𻰣ȽĿƹĿ⡣˵ﻶĵС
˵Щվȥѵ֣ЪûѽȥЩѽһҪȥſ
Ỳ̧̧ۣԶƵ̯λ
Ǹ̯ˣҪɱˡ
˵ȥžͺá
Ҳá̫̫£պѻء
Ỳ⳯Ƶ̯λ߹ȥһӻ谵ĺӱ߽߳صƻֽСﶼŻƣµҹյȻỲ⻺Ⱥ۳ĲɫӰɫϡ
ϰ壬Ҫյơ˵
ҪĸڵЩЦ˵°һỊ̇ϵ˰ƤŤҲЩᡣʵе㲻̫ÿҲ֪Լòªʱ򶼵ͷ¾˿ˡ
Ỳ˵ʱӹһ˵ݹͭ塣ĵָͭĦ£ȻŽŵĿڴ
ỲЦĬĬĥʹʲôӵΪǽƤһҹĻΣɵȥǡȲƶ䡣ҲǶˡ
˽ǮպˣŷỲվûûԼȥѡƣۣỲϵĺɫߣ˫ðɭɭһĪֿ־
ʶֿ־壬ܿﰲοԼֻǴ
ҪʲôӵģܲǱǸҲܴҵĻӭڳЦ°ϵİ̺ЦʱԵøŤ
ػ򼱻򻺵ĸֽŲصһỲֱ𽥿ĽŲ
ɫķѹȥںϵĿѡǮӸˣתպײ߹
֪ǹʣһˣ
Ѿ˺ܾˡ˵
̫̫ЦŽӻ߰ɣǱ֡ǶǱ߷ſءҲȥѿƷŷɡ
һԶֵĵطе㵣˶ĵط˻ὫỲϳĿɿػΧָŲԶһСɽ˵ѣҾɽϿڲźÿءҪȻȥǱ߷Űɣ
Ҳá
ȥɽϣȺСȺ·ЩӵỲ⽫ƵݸݣȻǰһֱĺţȺš
̫̫Цּۣװ
ǰߣԶȺҰҲտ̫̫ˣ֧һ·Ъ˺üΡеΣԼ˸⡣̫̫ܿġðЩҲʹ졣
ͣͣ˺Щʱ򣬲ߵߵСɽϡɽϣֽؽһЪϢʯ̨Ӳɾ̫̫еۣҲͬеۣû̷ŷɿƣЪһ
㿴ָǰ
ӱֵȺ½ŷ˿ƣһյһյաƬҹĻһյյɫĿռӱ߻˲ϷŷеĿƣỹڼЩȺĻЦúԶ翣ȴʵһ̣Щս࣬ʹ趼ʱ׿ÿһյŷɵĿƶһ˵Ը
µҹĻΪڳһԸǺӡ
һĻʵܰƯò񻰣ĵƻ𴽣˫нȾ˼ֶδ㽡
Ỳľ޶ԡޱز㽵ӡδʲôζֻ֪֪ʱÿ
̫̫Ҳͬ΢ЦƮҹĻĿƣϵкָŮʱڵʱӡ
˼ǿʮˡöˣʱĪᱻĳЩ龰ֹľ˼ֲɣĸп
ڣޢޢ㻹ǲǵáһΡ
ǵѽЦ˵ǿСʱɶĵһ顣Ǳ˰ҵ꣬·ʰûп˰ûս𡣰ٻʢƽ
뵽£ȾȻڹ뷿ʮ˽ɽ¡ɵܹ߳뷿ȴжƭ˵ġ
̾һΪпֲýСһΡ߽Ըƫƫ˵ˡ
Ƕġôʱ¾Ǹӵġģٹٺƣ˷ǡǰƻԶȺЦ̫ܰԵʣ̫̫ʮǰļ䡣
ɻѣȾ¶ôʱǿʵ̫Զˡ
һֱĬŵỲȻڣ³
̧۾Ỳ⣬ŬüۼֱҹɫҲۡ
̫̫һعü˵ǰˡ
ȵ۵˲ǰ֮ɱ֮һ֪꣬Լ̸ۣ౻ʿӼоͷһšжˣһ˽ҷ֮
ʹѾȥʮˣʹȵѼݱ̸Ҳйٱץˡɣڡٸᡣ
ȵʱɨ֮٣ʵѫ޿ƥСƫƫֻɿعʵ̡̫ļӣΣĲбһޡ
һĬ
Σ̫̫ٶЦſڣǰѿƷŷɡúԸ
ڰݷһԵĿƣһ£Ỳ⣺С⣬ôֻ
ỲȻѺһһ
̫̫ʣûʲôԸ
ΪỲⲻʲôԸ
С̫̫ҡҡͷ⺢ӱš̫Ҷôһ˻֪Ըء죬ȥһ
ָָ̫̫ݡ
Ỳԥһ£ðţԼɽȥ
ʯ̨ỲԶıӰ
ỲУعͷ
վڵҹĻĿ£ɴ棬ȹڱ紵ƮʱҪ˷ȥ
ỲƷƻ

ߣһ˵һߵȴỲ
ޢޢô˼а̫̫ʡ
쳤һۣЩԶ塣˵ְɡ
̫̫ͷЦż˵
һỲˣһյơ
һһƣŷɡĿ׷ߵĿơ
С⣬ôѪ̫̫ʡ
һæȥ
ΪỲոհһƤ
ỲƳһۣѩϸֱϵļѪ˹ؽͣմˢȾϡ
ֽӹ磬չļϡ
ҹš޳ָΪڵϵƯĺᡣ


130 ֪
̫̫ζỲϸ, ٲȻһɾ£֮ϣ
, ת˲һ룬һ˴ߣһ˴ɴҪԼ, Яվǰһ뵽;еź
̧ͷ, ĻѰԼŷɵյƣԸԼЩǶƽ˳, һϲ֡
̫̫ڣС⣬, յҲŷɣԸ
Ỳ, յƵĿƣŷɡ
Ը, ˰ɡ
СʱҲڷǰԸַȱķˡ
ӴֻԼٲŷӡ
һԸɡȻڡ֪ỲзŷɵյƼһԸ
ỲЦЦ, ˵ǾԸոԸܳա
ȵһ˫۾ˡ˵ˡҸոԸҲԸܳء
һѹӵ۾Ц, ƫüģƽ˷Ըء
һ̣ĵƹ£һۿ͸˼Ỳ, ȻЩ׼˵滰Ǽٻ
̫̫۾Ц
ʶЦһ죬æỲ, СѯʣܲܰϵĿưڳһһ֣
Ỳһ£⻰ʲô˼ȻǼǵаŸսߵı¡ƳڴĿ⣬̧
Ȼɽϱ˷硣
ôǣôȻˣ̫̫ʡ
æ߹ȥΪ죬ѯ䲻䡣̫̫ҡͷЦ˵첻䣬ҹķ綼ů͵ġΪ庮ë䲻䡣
˻һٴ̧ͷʱƮŵһյյƾмڳһ֡
㿴ָĵƻ
ϣô£ţֵ̫̫úϲ£죬Ǻͷͷ
ɽºӱߵȺƺҲĻϵġ֣һָſЦ
СϲŵƻΧƵġ֡תͷỲõЦ
ƽİ
ỲƳȻҲЦЦ
ɡ֪Ҳû֪ỲÿһζаǶļġ

ɽһ̫̫ʼͣشǷ˼ҰڣѾЩˡҲٵ飬ؼȥˡ
̫̫˵ߵǸڻҾСɽȥڽй䡣һǱ߻ϡûʲôСĶһȥ񡣡
̫̫ĸ㵥ദĻᣬһ仰񳶳ҲǸһܾܾɡ
еԥ
̫̫һۣߴ٣ȥҲȥû𻨸ģһ㣡
áŴӦˡ
̫̫һ뿪ıӰһ䣺СⰡޢޢºڡɽ·û̫ˣǣߣ
ﻹѵ⣿մ۾۽ǵƳỲת˵ѷģһúǣޢޢ
˵ţǣ֡
Сһ䣺ݼԽԽˡ
ỲѾתǣɽߣƵ˵⻰еûġۼҺʱûǣùǣ߰ȥ˽ᣬǣȥֻǣȥĥۼҿɶǣȵ
üСԹ⻰˵ùֵֹġ
䣬һСʯͷһӣӸһ¡Ỳһӡ
һƮƮƳỲһۣڹûнǣȡ
Ỳֱ̽ϥ£ֱӽ˴ᱧ
ѽʱѻں濴أ

ỲƵ˵ֻۼҶ¶
˵
Ỳû
Զɽͷϣ̫̫쳤˲ӣỲ⽫ɽȥЦЦţŵỨ
Ҫޢޢûûϻʺܹؼ޸һϲˣǸöۣ
̫̫̲ס˼룬ޢޢͳȥĿԡһĥ˹еϣкȻͻĴӣûԵĻӡϵǻޢޢһ᲻뿪
ǣǴӽϵļλֵѡ
񻹻ŵĻңֻͫhҲûʾģhСǸӣ겻ˡ

һֱɽƽ̹ĵ·ỲŽҲûԼߣǽǣС
Žй˹䣬˼ָ㡣
һԶȺΧһ޴ĿƣͣڿдԸĵдˣ˾ľݣľϣڸߴдԸ
ϣķꡣ
Ҫƽ
һܷ˳ӿÿóúã
Ҫġ
Ըһģײ롣
ϱ鲼ּдѰ򵥵Ը
ƽԸľ޴գǵԸϵɡ
ͷŬֱһһԸ˵񲻹ʲôգǶϲԸԸдںӵϡϡϡϡƮֽϣֻ߶Ÿ·Ը
ỲЩüۡ
֪롪Բӹÿ࣬ǲŻ뷨ӽŸͷԸ
֪ûӻ
߰ɣǻȥˡЦЦĵɨȥ
Ỳһͬȥ֮ǰǸƵ̯λһ紵ҵĿƴһΡߵĿƱ䣬ȴû˽
ض࿴һۿյ̯λƵ˲Ӱ
𣿡ỲȻڡ
תͷСǺƿһǵݸỲ⡣˵ֻһ飬ʣµ鲻ˡĲˡ
ỲЦЦǡ
ȻֵĽЩһʱ䣬Ǳ̫̫һϵͣĵط
Ỳ⽫ȷȻŸȥ
Źغϣ£̫̫
һ˳Ỳ⽫ϵժˣһţȻ֡ԥһ£Ųĳʣ¡
Ỳ⽫ɴժȻĴָѹѹԼĴǡ
һʶתͷѾϵĳţȻšüỲҡͷ
Ỳⲻ˵ֻ
򴽣ŴչȥƵĴǡһ룬ɿ˿ȥ͵͵ỲɫײȻ
ʾỲⰢֻ棬ƫΪĬȺ
йֳŲȥһЩĲӣڳȺУȥ
Զ롣
һϣУܴš
ֱỲֳĺ½󣬽ǧĵ˴ӻﳶȥ
ţ밢˵æҵŲضĳϣͷֱԼյա
ỲǷ΢ָ¡
̧ۿȾż
ݷŵȴһƬҵУȻչȥһỲ۾
Ỳ΢
ѶãŽ̫̫غѻ
ỲЦЦתͷѡ

Ҫصʱѵ֣ͣԼ͵͵һգûȥˡ
һѻȥǻȥ·͵
̫̫ȻᣬҲ֪
´ޢޢٻѣЦ
úúá̫̫Цš
ȻѾˣ˶û˯ڵ̫̫ԺŵļҶԶԶʻæȥ档
ڸǰͣ¡Ỳ֣Ȼֽ˯̫̫
Χ˵߳ӭˡ
ôͻˣΪĸҪתתԪЦ˵ôˣҲЪˡ´ٹǡ
ԪĿⲻһɨɨỲ⣬תỲϣ͵ס
Ỳǰ˴ߡ


131 
ҵλѾЪ, Ҳͬ˯¡ֻԪϱҵ̫̫ؼҡԭҲڣɺȻ˼£Ҵҳš
Ԫ귢ַ̫̫Ỳʱ, ҲỲ˳
ᡢỲ⣡һͲŮηҹɫҡεĵճеľ֡
̫̫һ, ǸŮ˳ĿƵỲϡ, վԺˡ
ŮŮϱɫе֡, վļҲɫѿ
ͣƥһûһµ̧ŵ档
˲ʶỲ, ̫̫
㡭Ỳ⣿̫̫ɻʳüͷ, ɣ𽥸ֲŵɫ
Ỳû˵ĮĿֻҲС, ǸηӺ޵˾ӡ̫Ỳ⡣
̫̫Ỳ⣬ɫ
ģãȻطѡԼӦдԲ, µҵģǿյ, ʲôⶼ벻ͬʱһԼһĻҪġ䣬ûʲôԶܡ
Ԫ귴Ӧ, ɻỲ⣬ʹϲҲԾǿóѯʣӡҪһҹ¶, Ҳá
ỲûԪ̧̧ۣ꣬ƿڣΣ
Ỳ۾ŬѰʲôû⣬ûлң׳һϡ򴽣ʼ˰ףľȻڣҹˣͲӡСˡ
ڸߡƴڣܵŴ
ǡỲȻЦˣۼһյĹӣڵǺҪۼߡող˵ȥҪۼһôƭѵģ
һ˹ĵӡ
Ŀţ۾Ỳ⣬֪Ҫʲôֻһ뷨ҪôˣҪôƷ裡
˺ҶһۣЩηȻ˿첽ߵߣɫЩǡ˵ѯʣôѽ
ŴỲ⣬û˵
̫̫ģֻ⻶ϲÿȥҲ졣죬Ҳһֶ˵
ԪСŮ԰׵ɫеۡæڳЦŹȣһȳһյسỲ߹ȥóֺõСŮƤ͵͵Ĵͻعȥٲܡӡ˸̧֡
Ÿױ΢ӣһɬ۾Ҳһˮ
Ͻ˵ЦˡۼôĴỲⴹۣ޿ã۽޲ɫ׸һ˿ԥ
Ԫ겻ỲΪʲô˵ҲҶʣֻЦ˵лӡˡ
ỲĴһǳĻȡ
һֱһֲõԤС
Ỳ̧۾ǰλϸף˵ϽˡϽۼңǽ̵أ꼽⣬Ҫóʮǰҩľ£ΪۼҶԻʺշ
ԪһӲ˴Ӳ񣬵֮ˣỲ⵱ɫеѿҧ߱ýġƫƫҪǿЦӭˡ
Ÿףӯڽޡ
ỲתͷѾ飬ĵģỲֲ
ݲѹȥ
޳ܵۼҼǵϽһֱԻʺշһСշȥˡ
ʲôԪסˣ˴ǿЦݣҲˡ
÷סҲǶģ۸ˣ
ŴỲ⡣ӯۿȻ
˻һƬհסһ̣ʶǰһܵصǰ
Ԫ˶ڷǰỲ⣬˵ʲôȴ˫һֶ²ǻŭ𣬿ҪվǲٴڣֻΪһףݺݵسỲȥ
İըһ㡣
ʹǹԪ֪ǶỲ⣬ǲһơ෴ģĹȣһץסỲ½̧һֻּҪȥ
һ˲ѹ
ףȥʹȫȥקסԪȳһȣ֮ˣʹȫҲûܽ
Ĭõ̫̫ڣ죬
˺ŷӦæܹȥԪ
һģߵɿȥתỲ⣬һһٵ֣Ỳ⡣
ỲűԪƫơȻֻǱһƣỲеʧ֣ЦЦָѹѹ΢۵Ĵǣ
̹Ȼ
ỲѪһ̣־ỲȻ֣Ȼĸ׾Ϣص£ҲѲһ̣ǰỲģģòʶˣһԼǰỲӡ
ǣ
ദУãЩϸ΢ĸı䣬ѵǲڵ
Ҫʲôʳ
Ỳ΢΢Цţûܹ
Ҫʲô״գһ顣
ỲƿĿⲻŸǰεĵƵ˵ĪĻõı˺ѣʵ
Ỳ⳯߹ȥԽԪ꣬˵ÿ
һĪһỲⲻ˺ĸףӦӦģ
վԭûҰԼ׵ע
Ỳޱ̧֣̽ļ磬ƷɿѹԪ
ˡԪͣ䡣
˼һỲҲѹĶȻҡԪһ㣬Ϣصȥ
ҵļҶǾֵҪתӣǸǰغϡţǱоԼ˫ǹǦҲŲ֡ȻỲһѹǵĶ
һ͵£ỲΨһվ̫̫̫̫߹ȥ
С⡭̫̫ɻü
ỲĮȻּǳЦ˵ҹˣѺú˯һ
ѹ̫̫Ķ̫̫֮󣬼ʱ˷ţûءޱطԸֺͰݣЩ˷ȥ
ǡֺͰɫףһ仰Ҷ˵ȥ졣
Ỳ⽫ŵ̫̫ݣȻ߹ȥһߣһߴзһСֽݸ˵ˮУǷ¡ǻһʱ֮ڷ顣
ֽеֽϣѸٽƵֽȾʪοʣҪʲô
ģỲ⣬Լ
Ỳ⸩յߣƽڣΪʵ֪Լϲģ˻ǹ
ת涵Ŀ
ỲˮĿڵʹǿѹȥٶȿڣ΢Ϣʣۼҵϲôһ𣿡
׵Ŵ
ۼõ̫ãˡ΢ָ˲ˣ˵ļտɾδˡ
Ỳ֡Ц˼Ȼת뿪תһ̣ỲеЦȥ̧֣ѹĿڡ
ҪʲôСʺӲ׸ĶҪҪʹ
ʼ̰
˵Ҫ˷һأ
ͣ͡
Ǹľᡣ
Ỳ⽫ϵĺϣС
ỲԶͷȾյҩǹоͲҩ


132 
ʰǻŻŵشӸܳ, һֱû˯춯, ̴СԺԶԶݺͰֽһ˿СʰŰæܳ, úվԺⷢʱ˿, 첽ܹȥʲôˣ
ع, еҩսתͷỲ뿪ķỲѾ뿪ܾ, ѿӰ
ʰǽֻһ顣
ŰֺͰݽͿͽУ첽߽ȥ, ÿԵ˶ϣС
ߴӼüǵһһɨ, սеСҩĬ˺һѵž
, ǣʹ
Ƭ֮, ԸʰǣͰһĽͻظԷС
һ£ɵشһǡ
ֻһͷ, ̱죬ٶʡ
תȹ, 첽ߡһߣһߺҪ˵İָȥðּݳȥ׷Ỳ⡣
ỲѾ˺ܾˡ
һЩδߴ١
ỲӦҪؼȥ뿪ķƺҲǱߡ֪Լûв´ֻųỲ⸮ۡķ׷ȥ
°ҹžҹֻʻĴæаֿʱʱĳĸ
ԵĴ̽ͷȥ
յ̤ϣȵģԼۡ
ڣҪỲĸۡǰһƬʱỲεӰֻȴԶͦΰȻӰ
ިĺдУ·խù
ߵ·ͨҪҪ·ȥӡϣѯʡ
ͣ
˻ǰ߸̧𣬷ɱĲӱ͵ֹ
Ỳˡͣ½Ų̧̧ۣޱǰѤӵĴƬ׺ġûת
Ը֣ȥ鶼ãǻ
ǡŻƥֱ
һźỲӰһ첽ȥӿͨש·֡ҹ紵伸ƬɫĺģҲһ㺣ĵ㡣
ͣ½ŲңңỲıӰ˵ͬһҡ
ỲЦһ˵ʲôЦ
Σûٿڡתż֦бĺģңңͷԼ̯ġỲ߻ƣеСֽϣü
װܹݼҩ۵Сֽʪˣֱ߬һ·Ͱ͵ġ
һ˿ϡͰ͵Сֽ𿪣һɫҩ۱˷Уʧˡ
Ỳи˴㵣ݵһ˲ãȻ޴롣Ƴڣҩ޴
ȻѾ飬ֺαڶ塣˵ĶԣûԶܣ֪ˣֺαؼѼ˵
ỲĬҩˣҩӵĺ˼׷ȥҸЩĨȥļǲǻü
˵ͬһңȥҸ׵Ǹȥ˵Ĳ滰
Ǹ
ỲЦһһ֪ΪǸ
ǣỲĵЦۼȥһϷ룿ۼҸ㸸ʲô
ȻỲʵ
˵ȥҸף㲢ǿңã
á
Ỳ⽫ظһ顣ңң͸Ʈĺɫģȥ۾ȥһüۡ
ỲƿߡĿƮһصĺɫӢ֮ϡķ罫Ӣᴵ
ðΣỲٶȿڣͳۼҸߵĻˡ
˵ʱһظĸоңңỲ⣬۾۽մһʪᡣ
üۼЦΪʲôҪӣ
ΪʲôҪӣ
ӵ˶ˣӵĹôԲأӵ˶Ӧӡ
֪Լͷˡھķˡ
Ỳ̧ۣһ߽Ŀü֮䣬һ΢ָŴѹ
ۼĹ߻ᡣزӣǿɾͱֱۼק
Ỳ⳯߹ȥصĺɫӢԽԽǻǶ겻йǿƫִ
ס
ûлˡ
ʹð֮踣ʹأҲӲˡ
ỲⲽԽԽ죬ߵǰƷĺ󾱣ƫĴָĺ䣬ζ˼ֱĺײһ߸ߵĺϡ֦ҶβƮºɫĺĻꡣ
۾Ỳ⣬ֱ۵׵ɫܶҪѰãȴ㺡
һᣬȻеޡ
ԭҪģ򵥡
һ˲Ỳ⸩ǿƵ
̻̣
⣬֪һҡ
ܿ죬ûȥ˼롣
֪ǿҰԵԶ΢ϢҲ𿾰ơ
ǰġΣȥʱֻȥʱģ˹Ʒ
󱳽ںϣǰıѹȡԼһƣԱ⼷ѹֺǷƮҷĻʱᱻ۶ϡ
ϣŵġ
ɫĺƵƮ䣬ỲĻԽԽǿƵУʲôҪըѿ
˫Ⱥûվȣò߬½ú鸡ƾ
Ǽ϶Ϣỽŵ㽫Ҫǳǳ󣺡⡭
ͣ
ͷһһᴭţ磽ؿڵϸС
Ỳ⸩ףͷüģд΢΢ʵϸ
ؿڲ˲䣬ʣӦСְɣ֪
С֣
Ỳ⵱ȻС֡϶Сʱ򣬾͸С֡϶С֣Ц
ỲĬһ°͵ͷ˵͵ûаɡ
͵
ỲĻ
Ỳͷϸϸ糺գнεĺ촽ĴƺϾҪƿγѪǱŪġóָָѹѹĴ˵ͽлɡ
ȴỲϡ״ĺۼûˡСָ̧֣ͷüʣ۲ۣ
ۡỲ˵
üͷøˡ۾ݺݵһۣôŵ˵ã
ǲһ㣬ظһ飺ã
ȻԼ
ͼʹһ롣
°ʹỲļѣԶҹĺ֡صһ£ʱȻɢ¶ҹĻ¡͵ĹâҹĻںɫĺ֣չ
ӵỲ⣬Զĺ
δԼгһջϲһˡ֪ǰ·ʲôӣ᲻ǰĺһںڰ
ҲԼ˺޾ļµϲм֡ǱҲˡ
֪ʲôԼᱻ෴һԣԽӵקҲһˡϣȾ˵¶ȡ
Ỳ΢ɿķȥ
һ£ɻỲԶʲôû
Ỳ˵ˡ
ȵ̴΢ţ˳Ỳߣȥһ뵽鷳£üŵصỲһۣرԹһ䡪Ժٷɣ
ỲĿȻ


133 
, ̤֣ԶԶỲӵһӰǰУһصӢ, ߹ȥʵٽţżսʱ⡣
ӽиϻؼУ֪˷, ׷ԭΪԼᷢŭǵԽԽ, ȻԼһƬƽ
Ÿ߽Ỳ, ỲĻ߳ȻỲǰ, ̧ϵĸ磬ɵغ硣
, ỲǰáĿմ۽ǻн̡
һųڣޢޢ, ĻҪҲһţ
Ŀ˸˼ؾܾҪ
߹ȥý, ָĿĴϣʱһ˿, ͷֱ˲䴽ǡ
ƿĿ⡣ֲ, ǣһȥͷỲ⣬վԭ, 򴽣ջߣĬĬǰߡ
óĬһΣСڣ硭
ͣԶɽͣ̾˿˵ϸҲڼеǺӱ߽гȥˡ
΢׸ΪʲôȻ˵
һƵ̷ʬڻƧСҵѣڻһʱƤĽű߰һѪܵĿƣƤ
㵵΢΢졣ǰֵĿֲɫЩס
תʣޢޢ˭ģ
ãȻŸ磬Ϊʲôʱʼĥʱ˿˵Ŀġ
֪ôģỲֱǼѪȻǰţǸ˵Ƶ̯λҲԺľϻζĿơյʰϣĿơ
ɫţ̻һ
۾ʣޢޢϲʲô
𴽣һ
㳯һ󲽣ٴαʣ֪ϲһˣ
ɫɷס
۾ŬһԼº͵ޢޢҪ鰮еɱΡ۾һ鰮£ЩĶ㿴һ˵Ʒǲܽܡֲ̡ΪĿĲֶΡηвݽ档
ƣ
ϲҪֹװ֪
ƴȫ׷һ룬֮ԱǡҪ˵Ǳ̸ܶ¶У
ԭͬԶŬܿעֻ߻ЭһٶĽԼԭ򣬽ԼòԼ
źķش绺֣ϱ紵á
۾ؿڵĺᡣ
Ϊϵ۵֣ҲմѪ
ãѹʹñӦûŮ£Цųޣڱ谮г鰮ζ
ޢޢ£С;鰮Ļ˱ҡ
ޢޢǻụӰġѵϣԼгһҲöû˾ηƶû˷ֱ棿
ͷ˵˵ĶԣǻụӰġǸΪʲôƶǸңΪʲôʼ˾ηƶ˾񣿡
΢Ŀζӳ¡˵档ƫƫη飬ͳȻֹۡ

Ȼ
֪һֱʹƮҡһ߼䣬ҲԶһֹ¸ҵġ
ǰһ߬סһǣҡҡǰһ̻
磬ϲ˵
ģǳʱִŵŮ˿
ǣ˵ôֻ࣬һ仰жϲ
˱ⴽǣһ˵һӶˡ
һЦ
СʱСڳ͵ǳԣˣѵҪеѵôܲǣ
ССǿ߬һ˫Сգˮ۾Ŵ飺ôԣ
ԽԶ߹Ỳ⡣
˵˵̫ãỲȻȵòͷˡ
ûỲĽŲ߬ŸҡΣ
ðѽ׻᲻ùȴҵģĸҪǷô죿ĸ׷飬Ҹޡӣ硭
Ỳ۾ıӰŬֱ
Ỳ߽ĽŲס˿ڣˡ
̾һ
صһԼĻԼѰǰĸҪ㡣
ʱһ˵ʲô֪ỲеĽǺѹǿѹȥѰڣš֪ˡ͸ȥĸס
ŬѰ֤޹ؽҪ飬Խ
תỲ⡣ԭһͬң־òçײڴȥ²׼ᷢʲô֪׺ĸ׻᲻̼ܵӷŭġҲ֪ŭĸ׻˵˵ĻƺҪЩʱ
ǣỲЦ˵ҪؼһˣȻؼҰɡ
ỲƳû˵
˼һ󳤾õĳĬ
üԥһȻỲ߹ȥóɫСɺУƿӡ滹ʣǡ
óһǵݸỲ⡣Ỳ۾ͽС
һתͷͷ˵
ǺеĸӺϣת첽߹ȥŸ֣룬ϡŷֱۻȥ֣תͷҡ
ŬתͷվںỲ⡣
ܿ콫ת˷嵲סߣֻüһỲӰûп壬˵ֱϵ
ỲվڴƬƬĺɫ뿪ıӰǰҧ飬ǿζһһڴݼӿѾԶˣỲ̧ų뿪ķȥ

ǰǺڰ
ƻͨԪŹվſڣԶš˺ͶϱһɫЩÿ
̫̫Ҳû˯ҲһšͷĿڵ棬̾š
ԶԶˣ˺ҸæӭȥԪ߽Źȣǲʶһϸ
̫̫Ծûʲô
Сֺ޵ݸͣĿϡ
С˵磬һҪǴңһ
ĵݸһǡ
Ļ¸Цˣ˵Լ԰ɣ
˼ææ۵Ů
¶ɵЦСʣѻòã
վſڣûпѵӰе㵣ѵ֪Ỳݣܲˡ
ءʵ˵
ͷĸ׽ݡ
Ԫü˶ȥ˳ȥ֮ǰŹϡ
ô°£ﰡǣǿѹʡ
æһѣѵͷûпջƿĸԼ֣ȻͷϿҿڣŮ겻ͣйʱ
ỲͥԺỲļͣ
վ⣬


134 ŵ
ʲô˲ŵ, ţ˵İ˵۸㰡ô£ʲôǲܸİǶһˣίҪԼźòã
Ԫ, ŵСŮ
ҿ첽߹ȥĿѯȴû˵üŹá
ϥϵ߬ȹ, ֺȻɿٴμᶨڣ˵Ҳȥ, Լϯ
˵һ飡ԪеĹصõ棬š
˶, Խ˵ȥǰ͵ܾˡ
Ԫŭ, ŭؾеĹȡ
Ӳ˲۾
Ԫ˶ڷ, ߾ٵĹȴôҲ᲻
߹ȥǰ, ŸףڣףޢޢС, 
̧̫̫۵, ̾˿
ôᡭ᲻СŮĻ˵, ǲǱ㰡
۾Ŭһ˿Ц˵Ϊǵ, ŽԼˡġ
ܹ뵽ģỲķõı粵
⣬ỲĿŷȥϸӰָ̧֣ϣҪ۽ǡ
⣬ά
ǣԭгһգ˿ʼάԭά˻ûⰡİĸоŶʮ꣬ӿѹĿƣʱܱƵ³һѪ
뽫ƿ߽ȥڻٿűУʹļˡ
ܡ
ΪỲ⡣
ƿ߽ȥֻܸһѻֻҪỲһգĴڣԣǲ
Ƶĵز
Ԫ۾оŵĹȷйŭûŵ档˻ɤӴʣάΪʲô⹷аŵֵˣ
Ȼ¡ߣ۵˵նǱƲѣϲˣԲԣ
Ҳʣǰ㵽ϲʲô
⣬Ỳⶢ۵׽Ⱦ˼ɺ졣
ȫ෴ˡֱ¸ֹۣȴںﶼЦվģϣȱٵĶ
аŵֵϲأֻж񣬸ûŵ㡣
ϲỲʲôĬһ顣⣬ոʹڹȥҹҹҲʹԼܶΡ
𴽽ǣ˵¸ҡִ͡šǿ׿쳣̿ࡣ侲ӱᡢ֪ܵñıȨѧͨҽʹޱ;ĵТ塣֡顣
Ử̧۾żˣ˵Ȼŵ㣬ܶܶŵ㡣ֻǡߴ·ѡ
Ỳֽ
͵ر۾ŬǻѪȿɬ
ȥֱ˵ĻǶԻǴֱЩֻ֪˺Ѱʹ
ܷĵطȥ
˴Ħ˼һпˣŸ߸ϵĶӽǳЦ˵ıϲŭ
ڣ˴˽
ԭ˴͸ζİģģôһ˿־ǣȻ뽫ζϡ
һֱĬŵ̫̫ٴ̾˿ĲɣۣڣӰ˵ˣˡ
ѡæܹȥ޴ȥѡ
ԪЦ
úúá˵ãָ˵ô࣬ԺΪǹ˵ԶԶԡǸʮĶˣǸˣ˵֪˵ʱ᲻ĸطɱȡְ
ԪĹڵϡ
Ỳ⽫ƿ
һתųſڵỲ⡣
˶˹ĿڱóϡһƬ˭ҲûгҲе¡֪ỲΪʲôãΪʲôʱŽҪʲô˵ʲôѵ֪ʱó
׼һʱܲˡԭļƻʹ㽫Ỳһӡ
Ỳķн˸ֲϣǰҩʱ˺ܾúܾáѡһж̹ס

һˣӦû⻥֣
վù۾Ỳ⡣
˶Ỳ⣬ɫ졣ɡӺޡỲûʲô飬ɸָĿϡ
һͲ˵Ŀ⡣˽ĶøףԼĸĿԽһЩԽʹһЩ
ڣʼˡ
Ỳſ޺۾۾ӯˮӳγϲӡ
Ỳᳶһഽǣݹȥһ˿ǳǳЦ⡣
ȻỲ⽫ĿԪϡһԪ߹ȥվԪǰ̧̧ۣλʢŭеϸסڣƵôۼҸϽŮϽ⣿
ŮԪսеĹȣȥֲȥǰˣҧгݡ
Ỳת̫̫߹ȥ̫̫ǰʵǳЦʣѣҲСⲻ𣿡
̫̫üŶǰỲ⣬ûڣԪںŭ˵ʲôŮֱ˵˵ҵŮǹеĻʺ󣡶㣬Ỳ⣡˾ӡ̫ôҵŮ
Ỳ͵͵Цһĵ˵ȻʵˣͲǻʺˡ
̧ۣվߵպײӯейգ
ỲĴָָѹѹԼĴǡȻվһվǰյߣɫȥֻܹ˵ޡٿޣۼҪ̲סɱˡ
ֱ̧ʹȥϵۡ
̫̫ٴ̾˿ڿڣޢޢʲôʱعȥ
תͷѣ֪ΪʲôʣҲ֪ô˵
̫̫վ۵ͷ˵Ӱعȥɡãͷɶ׵ˣɱʲô⡣
ӦỲ뿪һʱ䡣鷢չز˶Ҫһ
ŬڳɵЦǿѹȥʣƽѰ˵ԭ˵ǰҪȥġһЩҲ֪Ǳ߻᲻ʲô©
˵Ȼȥɡ
á͵͵˸׺ĸһۣٽĿѵϡ
߰ɡգҺĸ׽ȥ㡣̫̫Ȱ˵š
ͷһͷ뿪
̫̫£˼СԪ껹ܲҲʧǵ־Ĩᣬʿţҵİô࣬һ˹ᡭ
һԣüĵš
򸮳û
վ򸮴⣬ͷ緢ɫ򴽣С˵⼸Ҫǵ塭
Ҷ֪ȥɡ˵
ͷվһת
ỲҲ
ǰĺڰա
Ỳһ·ԡֱ֣ỲΪ˰š
۾ɫȻĬǰһŻ̧۾ŽΧɫ
ߵỲ⣬ЩȻ
𣿡Ỳʡ
ҹ·ǳɫ۾۽մᣬЦҡͷ


135 
αءỲȻϰ˸߸, ϰ˼ϰ˽һƿС
·ߵ˳˳ˮ, һжڰļƻн
Ҳߵ
ҹȻ٣һֲ
ۼ·а, ղ֪ǲƺ
ӡ֪ҷ𣿡۾, ġ
Ỳ΢˫ǿ޹, ۾ΧҪܾúܾã۽οĺۡ
, ĵطʼ
Ỳָ̧֣ḧ۽ǡǰ, Ȼˡעһֱǰ
ȥȫ෴, ĳЩطž˵֮
ỲȴǾϧ
˵ҪĲƲ͵̬һбƽͳƣªڽʾǰۼҵķʽ, պøֶΣҲαǱǡ
Ỳ֪Լʲôӵ, еǸʲôδгһȻķʽ˵Ĺϵڼǰ̹סļ˲ͬķ١
ŮҲ׼Ⱦָ
ǵĹϵӦӦԶڲյĺڰӦиɸɾ, Ⱦࡣ
һΪһŮԼĸĸ˵Լķ, Ӧǳª
ڶƶǶҵļˣҲǶ㡣
Ỳü
ЦţỲ⣬ҹӡûиϲޢޢһЩأ
ỲⶢΣʧЦһʣﻹۼжϲţ
ҡͷ˵ء
Ỳ۽Ƕͳأ
ỲһһЩ̧֣СѹĿڡ
ǵĿʼʼͼı
Լ֪ԼĵʱҲãȻԼⳡ˼У򲻿ԼҲݽȥ
ǺټٵദУ˼Ķ
ԥܶݡ
С򡪡ǹ̹ͼһԼģҲӦ̹Ȼ޾塣
ԼСָϣ˵Ǳǰһɡţٶ̶һСؽڰɡ
ỲЦһ
̧۾Ǽᶨ˵޹ءʮϲһϲֻҪϲÿһֶӦñأԴ
Ỳüۡ
ѹỲؿڵϸָ߬ס½󣬽½߬
̹˵ԼҰģ⣬ұ̰ġ
ȻѾģôҪҲøࡣҪ㷢˷Ϊɱ˲ҪΪҿʼˡΪҷħҪΪҴӵ߳ʼһˡ
ҼҪ̫ƽΣҲҪߣҹĥ
ỲԽһųȻ档
߬Ỳ½ɿḧϵƣƣֱĲӡӵĻ潥ȥᡣ
Ȼż⣬յỲⴽߣǳǳǣһ뿪
Ỳƴ˽ڻСŻЦա
΢΢ףỲš̺۽
ҡ
Ỳ΢ָĦաָů⡣ͷȥķʽԸ
۾βһЦ⡣
δ·ԼҪԼִƣǰ;ıһҪδ

һҹ˯òȡΪ뿪ǰ˵ǰһֱû˯ʲôʱˣȥ̡
һȣ͵ȵ
ûģȴҲ˯šŴӴ©Զ̴֦ҶϴݡߵżǰЩԥҪҪȥӭǴⰵµ¥µĿⷿҲѽ
ûԥãԼ˽Ųٵ˵ȣڵȵżܺĻ
ִỲСϣŴӰź߳
ڻˣжʱ˿ĿɨһߵỲ⣬ȥʰǺͰ֡ݶûиš
ͷ۾һҹһû˯ŵƣ١˵ҹû˯ã˯һȥɡ
ǡ¶࿴һۣ۾ʱЩۡ
ϴỲ˵
ûʲô֪Լۡͷ
ԥһ£˵ҪҪɴݸˮ裿˯ЩˮУա
ͷ˵á
˳ȥɿ찲˹ˣСԡˮ׼áʵڲ̫ãüʣҪҪūź򣿡
áڵỲ⡣
²ҷֻĿԾǡСߣ֪жʱ̵˾ɼ
ųµɫЦҹȥӱ棬˶ѡһһҹȥúòߡ
˿ת˳ȥ˳ȥ֮󣬳ϸԸ¥ĹĪҪ

˫һỲ̷һѡ˳ƽͷؿڣ۾˵ûˡ
Ỳֱ̽ϥ£˱߹ȥ
ڻᡣ
Ỳⴹۣϡ۾ɫе㷢ףԹԵӦľˡ
СңỲ⽫˫˵أüỲ⻳Ծû۾
Ỳһֳһֽ⿪ϵԡͰ
ûȵԡˮУᡰһĴ䡣
Ỳ⽫̽ˮУˮֽţȾЩ¶ȣ
Ȼһֱƣر۾ǲû˯šоỲḧָСȵղһָģҲġ
ỲˮٽϵˮšɣСΪϵۡ
ůĸоúְůУ˯ˡỲⱧˮУָϵˮա£ҲһŲ֪ˡ

뿪˶û˯
˵ĸ׵壬ϾҪʮ˼ˡǿЦĸ׷Ъ¡ɵصԼУȴ̲ס͵Ϳ
ĸסߣȰοţˡҲûôأ
ĸףĸôˣ۾߽
ÿ峿ر磬ΪҪ
Ժվſڣĸ׺ĸڴᣬ峿û˯ѵһɢȥˡ
֣߳ȥ
ŮͻСҲǺ֪Щ顣Ůе۵ͷ˵񳤴ˣĸ׸ˡ
񳶿Цţɫһʣĸףĸô
ûʲô˼ҵ顣һ뵽񳤴ˣԺҲҪ˵ģҲ֪ϲʲôӵˡ
һ㶣ϵıе㲻̫Ȼ˵ĸ˵ʲôءһСأҲŲϲϱˣֻϲĸף
΢Цҡҡͷѽɴĸ׵Ļ
ǰӲŮʲôãڵ˼ֵǡ
üϼĪĸ˼ҺӲпЦ˵ĸ׷ġԺ޵һĸģ
֪ŮԼģ¶Цաε˵ˣȥɡ֮ǰȳЩ
ãת첽ߣӭס۾һ˸һýˣָ׵ɫҲÿ
üܾü﷢ʲô֪顣
Ժŵ񣬽Ųͣɵػ
ôˣӭѯʡ


136 С
ҡҡͷ, ˵Ҵջûȥסȹĸ׺ĸˡ
̾˿ǳ˵ĸ׺, һֱᡣĸǱߺһЩ˼һЩ࣬˵ѾشЪˡ
Խ, ڵķ
Һɵشǰܾ侲ɻʳ, ǲ֪飿
ǰɡָѹѹβѹķꡣմʱ, ̹ỲĹϵϵ˱仯ö˸顣
ԣһֱڰţü, иֲ⡣
֪νͣȴ, ֪ˡԣǲӦڸЩʱЩʲôҲڽ鷢չӡ
ӣҽǵ, ŷΪѵɫ
ô죿ƣس̾˵ϲ˵ϲ˵ϲ
̯̯֣תתһǻŭѹ, ǻܵҪ
ôС, ˶˵áҪʲôȫÿһյһգÿһԸԸϲʲô˲, ƫҪϲһˣ
֣߬߬žġ
һһ, šתңŻҲһҹû˯ЩȥЪһЪ
üҡͷ˵ĸײԲ˯Ъš
룬ͷ˵áĸסȥǱ߿
ҵͷվԭĿ뿪ȻȥԸȥ˳࣬Զ˽ȥŬȰһ㡣

ںԺͤҵ˸ס
ԪһͤţԶƽĺ档ȱһţڽűߡ
˼ңһҹ֮
߹ȥڸ¡˳Ĭš
ðΣԪ곤̾һ
ףס棬˲ϵ˺Ȼˡ
ײԸڶǰᡣԪĨһתһߡ
֪⣬ͷҲȥĵģ
⼸꣬һֱںʱξ˵ڵ飬̫ǼӣǶҵӡԪ꽫ȥ˺ôһҶϣǸӱسСϣɲҪһǻϣݱһЩҪȥֶϣжݷ̡
Ԫ۾ͷ˫סԼȥΪ˳ôҲһյ·ѵ˵ҾͲ֪ʲôⸯõôġɵӡ
΢죬ǿЦЦ˵ΪǶĺӣ̳ķǡ
Ԫҡͷɣ¸ĸģҪֻǶŮƽ
תͷ޻ĸסʱ׺ڼҡʱĸ׸ߴ󿵽ֽͦǴһף˷ӭУֱǰ£Ǹƣġ
ײ֪һֱĽǵӢۣһЧµˡ
ˣʼ¡
ºʧȥǡ
Ӱ㲻֪׿жܡСӺʱʱУǱ˭췴ɹΪϽɽսȴЦϵĻʵݱԪɬЦЦ͵͵ûʲôܰŪҲ͵͵롣ܶκĸҹ˵СҺĸ̲סȥԺ󣬲֪᲻õˣԺú۰ˡ
ᡭԪһҵİ֪ϲˣðôỲأôỲأ
ԪȥҲԼѾΡ
ôỲأ
ֻҪİϲˣǼƶĻģι״ֻ̣Ҫϲ
ǣôỲأ
ˣˡԪŬűߵĹȣ֧վȻһȳһյߡ
ŸԶĲϱӰ²̡ͷ۾
ú쵽춯ü͵̧ͷԶỲ⡣
ôˣ
һվңңỲһһ
ԪŹȣͷججһȳһǰߡỲӭ泯ȻһֱỲվǰ·Ϊʲô͡ü̧ͷ·ļ͡
Ԫ귢Լһ¡
̫Тڣ˭˻ᴩһ죿
Ԫһ¡ţỲ
㣡ԪƬ̣һŴ߽šŹȵþȫһ㣬ϵļƤ͹
Ԫ곤һǿԼ侲ҧʣӡ˴ݹкιɰ
Ỳ봹ۣƿڣ˯ˡС£ɴˡ
ԪץŹȵǿҵز˲Ҫ̫û˲õСӡĪҪҺɣ㡭
ԪꡣỲԪĻ۾һһ٣ۼŮҲϣҲϡ
㡢㡢㡭޳֮ͽ޳֮ͽ
׷վڸ࣬Ỳ⣺Ҹӡʲô龡˵
Ỳû̽ӻǽеչ
Ҹ߲ƣϣʫ΢Ʈ¡
΢Ʈ¡Ԫ̶ųЦһ

ţԪɫһϵʫϳıʼ
ԪԲ۾Ỳ⡣ʲô˼ŮĶϹҫʲôΪ
ԪһԼ򲻿ĵܱ
ӡ˵ʲôģԪŹõ棬ש·õð졣
ỲƣԪŵĹϡÿμɴһȳһյǱԣ۵þüͷ
ôԪеĹõ棬⹷ҵȿ˲׼·˲ɣ
ףûסˡ
Ԫùŵ棬ȴשϴ˻û˹ȵ֧ţųһ
Ỳһѡ
ԪվΣԼỲС̷ۣŭ˦һеĹ֧վȡ
ỲҲ⡣˹ϱԪѹ壬ȻƿڣɴˣСȵġ

ʱѾˡӿտյģû۾ԼĶӡ۾ۣĿĹӰ
ʶںδ֧ȥỲⲢߡͷϵ£Լʲôʱ˯ŵġ
ɵأǰּΪۺ͵ǵģɬ
һֱϣŷԼˡ
߽ˡ˯һءŵʱǲǰţ
æᣬվȴ˻Ρ
¾ˣ߹ȥʶȥĶͷȥ̽ûзա
΢Цҡҡͷ˵û˯̫ãӺö
ûзգ˿ױ̨ǰ£һΪһ³һ˵̫ҽһƽ֪˯ţһֱ¥ºءȻţѰ
˵ţѾ˯ҵĳá¥ȥ
տ
һ¡ãҲҪѰտ
ں֮ǰտûн̫ҽԺʱҪ壬Ҫҩ
Ƕ

Ҫϻ𯶾˵
տ͵סݵݳ㵣վǰϸϸֱϵı顣Σѹŵʣڴˣ
Ц˵̫ҽǣڲá


137 h
ϻ𯶾, Ϊ֮£Ȫ
ⶾа, ͬھķӡտķӦ΢Цţͣݹ, ƫպõϣǰ׼š
տϵ, Ĭ
ֻԱʱ֮裿տ̫˵ǡܾڲⶾģӦĳƻ
տ, ҩϻȡƽ˵䶾ǧ, ֻԱʱ֮裬δҪһζ
üۼǳǳЦ, ˵
ݵĳĬ֮տ̧, ڶЦüۣˡ
ǿֻ档С벡ʹģ֪˳µȻ
̾ǳ, ׵׼
ЦŽڴ, ˵Ȼ̫ҽԺ£ÿճҲѲ顣̫ҽҪЩĪҪԼ鷳
ġϻ𯶾ĲϲǺ, ǷӷЩ̫ҽԺտ˵
Ǿ̫ѽЦ
ϻ𯶾ĴԶҽ֮˶֪Ĺ̼Ϊ鷳ҩѰ˲ü, ʮѰһֶ
ƫƫϻ𯶾տ游Ƴġ
տŵǵǳǳЦȴϴӣ̽
ǳǳ
տһ¡
̧ЦʳΣ
ûʲôͬѰġŽ񳿻ƣ٣Ϊһҹû˯ʲô״̬
տžʳɰߣ
۾˵ⶼ̫ҽ̰Щ˯úҲܳ١
볣˲ͬҪעϢտҪǣġ
õġϾǴСԲǾ䡮Ц࿪źáء˶٣ʣ̫ҽֳʲô𣿡
á˵
ãôʵЩŹ֡Щȵһۡ
տҩϻһʰһ˵һҩٸζҩ
áͷ
õҩʱ״
տָһ飺뽭ѲԶ⹫ջ衣ʱ⹫ٸһҩ
ԲҪ̫Ц϶ʱֵָ㲻˼Сʱ̫׹Բء
ʱһ⹫ͿźˡտüۼҲ˼Ц
տдµҩ˹˼䣬ҩϻ¥뿪߳¥ԶԶỲԺţ¥С̫˵
տһԥ·Ӳ뿪¥ܿỲ⡣

տ뿪֮صݡҹڵϵ뻹ûȫɢȥҲ˯ţڴµš
˰ȣůķᴵᴵϣļ˿ѩɫϡ
Ŵ̨ϵƿ廨ٻŭŵʱڣвֵ˰ŪһƿƿµĲ廨ڷڸ䡣һȥɫҰ㣬Ŀá
쵨ƿĻ˭ڵģѯʡ
ūŪġ￴ЦˡЦ˵
Щȵתͷ顣ƣڲĶϡҪУҲͲٹ⴩ֿɵ·ůȣҲĶӾͺˡ
æ˵˵úôæЩˣ
˲ƽֵֵ˸ʮСŮչš
ֵ˵ūûô󡣱ȥҹﵱֵѾ㹻㹻ˡ¶ū澻ġǡǸ룬۸㡣Щ飬ū澶ģ
֣
ֲȱˣûôæвס˵˵ͺáŲĶӡҪһе㵣ģˣüջˡ
̲ס棺ᶯҼǵҿһ£̥˵Сӻĸ׶ȭߣ
Ц˵أżоСһڶ˵֣Żٵء
ͷ
ƽʢ
ˣˣ
Ȼ׷ʣôģ
˵Ҳ֡λүһ򽻺áǰڹʱλͬͬ롣ǸŻʵ裬λүøԻطȥɲ֪λүʲôڣͬʱ˽һһĴɱ֯Է֡طص·̣ˣæأҹĹңǱĶӵһ˸
üƽʢϸϸĥš
һŽѧ߻ʰǰ߻һӣһָͷ˵ȵһʮλӡ˻ûһٵġ
µһۡ
˵𣿡ʰǰ˵ܻ䣬Ҳ֪Ｘ˶ǿ֮ˣ˵ȥʵ۵ಡ˭֪ܻʲô顣ҲˡȥֻʣһhhСǸӣ˵ſ˵ˡ
ʰǵĻ뵽˫hȻʶh˵hĸֻǸܳĹŮʱѲȥҲССÿءʱ뾩ȥ˷ȴһֱÿؽʱҲز뾩ԣҰᵽʱλСү
֣ͬΪСˣпֻϣλСүܹһֱڷذֵĪҪ뵽õС
¼ǵ񳿻ʱɫѯʣҪҪС˯һ
ˡ˯úܺˡ΢һЩųºʰǶ߻Լû˶ķԸȥЩƽʢѯʲô飬Ҳûʲô뿴ģϣ鲻Լ˼룬Ҳûʲô飬üͺá
Ҫ飬ߵļ澲ȥ

¥խºʰǲ¥ƽʢһں档ƽʢЦ˺һȤЦ룬СĿɲҿˡ
һۣЦ
ִڸȴּһк˳Ҳ֪ΪʲôĽԭ񳿲ڵĺģȻȸһڣĪԤҡҡͷЦԼҲ֪ǲУ
ϲ½٣զüİƽʢЦشȤ֪ˡҪؾ᲻˰ɡ
㻰ࡣ
ǰʰǻعͷЦѯʣʲôʱؾѽ
졣˵
ʰǻ˵ʲô¥Ỳڻ˵صתȥ
ĸ˿첽ȥһ๧׵غţỲÿ·
ɻ˯ţỲѯʡ
Щʱˣ￴顣¹
Ỳеȣ¥ȥ
ȥĹ˲ʶ֣˼飬ġϣ˾ַһ
ỲһĽŲ
ڶʲô飿ỲߵߣеȷСϣ˳ߡ
Ŀ⻹ϣСû˵Լ
ɧỲЦһ
͵ݣһһ俴ȥٷһҳʣȥĶ
˶٣ƺ׷١һ䣺㲻߹ֲϰߵġ
Ỳ׿ů紵ҵķ˿һһռ£Ƶ˵£ȥһ١
ת״һʣӡ𣿡
ǵûС
Ŷϳǻֿϧء
ۼôǷˡỲ⽫ȻУƵȥ´


138 ѩ
´δ, ⣬ֻú̲סЦһЦһȥ㡣
ЦץסỲ, ֹƵĶΪ˲ľٶӡϲеһ䣿
ỲƳһеûʲôϲġ
ѽⱾɧһ, ߸ϣĴָѹ, ƵشŪƷζ
еǳǳܲס, ƫһע׷ʣӡ²±ϲһ䣿
ỲƳ, ڴĿϡһˮӯӯỲһ, ֮⣬δڡ
һ˫ӯӯ˲ȵ, ϲѯʣӡô֪
Ỳһ
Ŀ߬С֣ȥϵ΢̽У˶, ϸϸƵ, ȥ±ĴӡĶָһ߳ϵ, һƵ˵ǣź̺´ε׷Щ֮ơֻۼҿɲ־ֻ
ŽߵỲ, 𴽽ᡰšһͷ˵ֱͦ˼յỲĶߣС˵һ仰
ỲµĶʱ̵ͣϵԲ޳İָϡ
ỲⴹĿĬһ˲ſڣո˵ʲô
ߵߣỲգƵǡĴظһ飺ӡҲǱ֮ơ
ƴŹƻ󣬸˵ǵĴˡ
ỲⳤָϵϵڻȥϵҲȥ污Ĵ½󳨴ţɫᡣ
ỲȻЦһ
֮ıɫ£չϸϸһĺơĴָĦؿڴ˫ϡȻѹϣıɫϵƹϸ˫ֻӵٽոϵϵϡ
Ӧһ£ڸ¡ỲƿһЩϵһ³Ỳ⣬˵
ỲƳҪɡ
סỲؿڡβҲȥÿ𣿡
ÿ
ŲŲӣ˸ЩƿĻĶһ˫δĵѩȹ̽
Բţϵд˹ΣҪءѽˣ
ˣ˹Ρ㽫Ĺȥմһơ
ֱӣʼ·¸ãỲ⣬˵˴ơЩ߰ɣ
ỲסĽ
ûѿ㲻ѣỲ⣬Ľű
űϴֵֺ̲ס΢΢Ỳ⿴ˣָḧÿһָͷСԲСֺҧһ¡
оŨһֻŴȺ̽ȣʾˣ
Ỳ⣬Ľŷ׽һֻĽţֻ۵СŰŷһ˹ϵȹӣƽ壬һ˫㸲ڡ
˵ã
˵
ƫһȥȥװҲû˵Ļ
Ỳ뿪ǰԥһ£ٶȿڣȻ£á
Ậ˺Ķ⣬

Ỳص·
ĮȻ³һ״׵ָ⿪أһѩ¡
ȻڶĹ﷭ߡ
װŵģŰɱĹߣ廨ţܹ˴ʹࡣЩɱ˹ߣܶûмĶٶỲԼƳŰɱ
ỲɨЩߣʲôҲûãתߡ¥£Ҫ˳ĽаγĮشŽ⡣
ӡʲôԵģ˳׷ѯʡ
顣ʡỲսѽߡ
Ҫɱˡ
һҹ˺ܶˡ
еڼк˯Īʧȥͷ­еĺͼĺҪʲôζȴ˲䱻һеæµһ죬ҹɫƣңýŲŵöͬһתͫ͵һ˫ŴӱһһΪ
ֵ¥һӵұһá𱲻Ĺ
ЩӵȻŪ̽סųǰѩˡ֮ǰڱԹߵ˲һȴˡȻҲһ̡
˶ͷأɴ飬žޡ
ǾĴӴܡеСֱŻ˹ȥ
Ỳϵһߡո裬Ҳ֪ĸʧġ
Ỳָ˹ظ˸ߣȻߴϣͷһס
ѪȾһѩ¡
СѪζѧаΪģҲǿŵɱˣѪȾ
һأûöаҲûйܿЩѪʺ̵Ѫ罦һѩ֮ϡ
һطһɽѡ
ϵĸѾɽϵͷӡỲִ⻬ʯͷ棬졣
ӿͼ翹
Ƶĸ˵֣ѵôȱһأɱԵ޹ˡ
ȻûĻЩӿһһҪȽɱˡ
ۼҸǻˡỲޱǰߣһɱһˣѪɺӣŨѪȾ͸һѩ¡
һ̵Ѫ罦ỲУỲԲףʶ̧֣ҪȥȴԼҲȾѪ
ͣ
ΣỲ̧ۣĮȻҹĻе¶ȵ΢ȾЩ΢ᡣ
ܿջߣսеĽϵһֱȥ
һЩЩ˶ɱˣһ˫ɾĥ
һЩٿһЩ

峿վ£ǵԶѻ˵ѻӣҪ뿪裬ؾȥˡ
·;ңңٴҲ֪ʲôʱ
ѻЦļ磬˵Ҿ֪СӽдϢģҺûֿˣǿɽˣ
ˡЦ˵ӡĶҵ֣Ҳҹֶ
𣬿ɱһһˣԺƽƽˡ
ѻ
Ϊˣ٣ȥʮֿɲοΪ˱׺ݣ˶ϸȥһȴַѻԭҲһſʵס
̲סʳɻ󣺡ôٵģ
ѻ˵ٲ£ͼӻоˡûԼˡ
ЦЦɫȻת˲Ц˵ˡòˡҲȥС˵ɡСվǱ߳ˡ
˳ŷѻĿȥµĲ顣ңңбЦ
˷ѻ߹ȥվǰѯʣôվţЪȥ
ûôġ˵
šӦһԼϽºɫִڲϡ˵ʱδܻҪԼע⣬൱ġ
ᵽˣ壬֮⡣
İɡһŮģֲǹｿӣôˣһչ˺ԼҲչ˺ġ㶼ģ
ȴͬ⻰ǹټŮѣ䵽ū
˵㣬ҪúñԼһǾ仰¶򲻿ɳǿ
áӦ
ɼţڲǰˡǰպܳˡٲ롣ΪңǵĺӺúñԼûУ̲סüָͷ˴ͷ
áЦٴӦ


139 һ
һμӡ
峿û, ӹ밲
ϸһ⺢ӣòûжٻʵ۵Ӱӣ, ̫˵ȥЩС
Щٹػ, ǺӾ뿪Ҳûˣ뿪ˡ
֪ʵۻиӺȻѰʱ, ɣܾ⺢ӺȻеΡҲѯʹĸ, ʵۻδǻʱǸҵϢɳԼ⣬ûнĸ, ĸһ㶼֪¡ӳߵ֡ǼȥˣЩ˶Թ硣ȥ̽, ʱջ̣ȥһʱ֮δ
ûӵǻ, ǸжСŮװ˸ա
ɵ·ĺӣָʹ֮, ĿĲȥѯʱ磬ܾñδػ˵ʵο, Ҳ಻㡣
´߽˵ߵСӵϢĻؾ
ؾȻ
ǡµͷ, ûٱԹйﲻﲻã߶żλлʹûиǡ
Цˡ
ʵŭս£ææҪǨ, ٳţƫһС볯˽²ŵ裬йҲûٶáǼȲ죬ûս£ȥˣ
ؾҪȥġֻһ˱˲ơھ̻ȥ˲һ
Żʵڷ֪ĻΪĽɽɽѾءʵϹգ˰
ʰǴŮЦӯӯ˵ѹû뵽ߣôʱڳء
´üģȰţﳢζɺã
ŽĿڹŮŵϡ

Ỳصۡʱϵһѩ±ѪȾ͸ЩطѪѾˣ϶Ӳϣʮֲʡ
ŨѪζỲɫʮ
ɨҶ˳꿴Ỳӣһɨѵֶ˶ܿ췴ӦɨѷһԣСŻȥỲ׼ԡˮ
˳ԡͰˮȥ±Щ¥һŽԡͰ
ỲŲͣתԺϽֵ֦֦һأ̵̱ġ
ỲһвŽȾôһĻϢ
Ļ¥ߣĽӸӭ˳ꡣ˳Ѿһ׼׵ϹϾվһԣỲ˳߳ȥʱ˳𽥹غϵķƳһӡıӰ
մѪһɷ·ӵ߳
⣬˳˳һۣ˭Ҳû˵ӹȥѪỲʱѥӡµѪ½ϵѪ
ֽؽһʰ׵˿
ǲǶ˳۾Զ
˳һۣͷӦǡϵ˹裬Ǹݼӡ
˳˲˸⣬첽ѻܹȥ
ӡɫʵ̫£ʹźһʱ䣬ϰߣǱỲϵɭˡΪԼӺùЩ뷨ӡȻԼûô¡
ǶѻһУ
ɼǵ÷ѻкܶɱ˷ӣӡЦ
˳ŷѻһߣһһ˵Լ뷨ѻ֮Цʲôѵġۼӡӣ
˳Ĵָ
ѻ˳Ļֵ֪ỲԡҲûµţǳȥһˣץ˸ϵ˹ӡҵӡ
Ỳ˺ܾã;˳ĴˮܾѪζûϴڴӱˮˮ԰׵ļϻȴԡͰϰԵߵͭǰͭϵˮա
ͭӳĲ԰ס
Ỳܾÿò߽ЩޱͭϡͭԼ۾ͼ˵
˺һв޽ſ˫ۡԼͭȫչ¶á
Ỳ⴩ϸɾѣعϡ
ͭеˣ·΢˵ӡ
ƿҵţһȥԥһ£תңվϴּԣʼϴ֡
زøڵѪ
һ˫׵ĳֱϴ÷˺졣
߳ңȥ鷿鷿ĳϰһЩߣһ򰲾ľС
ỲƳһ¯ָĴȡһõ㣬Ƶص¯һʱ䣬õŨͭ¯οտ׶ƮŨ˱ǡ
Ỳ̧˫֣֡һ˫һû¶ȵ֣մϵõ㡣
һ֮Ỳ֣ߵ鰸£СɵĿ̵ʼרĵصꡣ
˳ߵŽ˵ӡˡһЩæɡ
ỲⳤָϸϸԲ̵СعпϵƣһĥԲ󣬲Ž£ޱ¥ȥ
Ỳûʲôθڣֻһࡣշ磬ѻץ˻ˡ
ѻһỲ⼸ûԼڵ࣬Ц˵ӡѻоһʵ淨
ỲƳһۣνס
֪ĬѻһЦС̫ཫ˴
˫ŶųصͱŻˡС̫ཫո֡ӾҲûߣǱܵصڵأɪɪ
ѻʹ˸ɫСֽ̫׼õľӰ˰ڳһ֣ľϣٽ°ˡ
ҪʲôҪʲô˭Ⱦңŵ˵ڶҲűֶԱϡ
ѻһȫüѡ
ѻŴС̫ȡߡ
һпյдٹ̶ڰϣԲʮֲѰĵ̣ɭɭ
ѻɭЦţӡױ
Ű֣˵ϣôƮƮһ̽˵žѪһƬѪģ
˼غСϧ챻ˣײڶϣʻȥ
ѻͷȥỲı飬ȴӡޱ飬ƺյʹɫѻһ㶣Ц˵⻹ûأӡſ
ߵС̫ʹ˸ɫǸС̫̽ƿеķ۵ϡѻЦٴϣƤ⣬Ҳ˷ۡ
С̫һƿӣӣϵ˵ļϡŵ۵һѷȥѪģȥѪС
˳˳һԿ۾
ѻǽתͷȥỲ⣬ޱɫһȤûС
ѻɻˡܶŰɱķӶǴӡѧˡ䲻֪ϵ˶ʲôͷ֪ӡÿŰɱϵʱ̶ƵȾɫǴſ.õġ
ôˣ
ѻģ̽ʣӡԣ
ỲŻع㣬̧̧ۣƳ򼫶ʹˡ
Щ꣬ֻбܸõʹ졣ǰѪܵˣѾ᲻ִŷĿ.ˡ
û˼
ҹɱ̫ˣỲƷֻʣ
ʹաỲתףʢĺġ
ѻĥﲻԾȻڴߵӡЦˡѻһ㶣ٿȷԼۻӡЦˣüۼ¶Цôһ˿ᡣ
ﻳﱧʲôỲԺг
̧ͷ¥ڵỲ⡣ۣ۾Цѣġԡ
ỲƣСһСѣµˣŽС±ɹˣһ񲼹ţڻ
ỲЦ˵˵Цˡۼôȱ
һѽЦ
ůµ˹һ


140 ζ
ŻһС, Ц¥ߡ
Ỳϵһһűȥ, ͸ʺĵٷ
ỲߣһһԸˡ
ǡ˳˳Ӧ¡
Ỳ¥, һ¥ӭȥ˺Ժ
Ժһ˶ĺ캣, °ʯʯʡỲٹỲ¡
Žһ·ѷʯϡ⿪񲼣, ã̴ǡ
ɫѿ, ɫȴ͸úܡ
šһѣС̵ıƤ˺, ӯӯ֭ˮѷŽСһǳζ˲ڴݼӿƷϵ, ˫䣬һʮģ
ỲѳˣƿڣԶѹ, Լԡ
еѶ³ϡȻϸָͷšһ, ıƤȥ룬ֻʣһմİƤָ䡣ǷõѵݵỲǰ, 㡣
⻹ࡣỲͷſ콫ѳˡ
һιѣỲ, ̧ʼѡҲʱ̲ɾϵ֭ˮһ˫СַϥϣеѣԹԵų԰õġ
Ỳ̧̧Ƴ̳ЦỲЦһҲû˵ʲôֻǰѸհõݽĿС
۾ſ죬֭۵ѣҲẬһֶָָܿϣһ¡ȻСڣسѡ
ỲƳһԼָЦЦѡְ˼ιỲƵؿڣȱѵĹˣ
ϧմζ˵ǲȱġҾ㡣
ỲƤĶͣһ£̧ŲЦ̲סʳڣ黰ſھĶѧģ
ԼĿڣ˵˵ġ˵
Ỳ⽫ָ侧Ө͸һĿУֹĵ
һ˳ʳйĲˮΰʯϡỲ֪¥Ѿɾˡ
ԹԶỲѵʱĿһ䣬˳꽫ΰܿ죬ע⵽˳һ׹ſСʯͷšƽּ֡ŤŤһǲ˵˿µġĶǼԼġ
˵ͦµġ
˳꽫һİ˳ػػǰŪġ￴Цˡ
۾ҡҡͷʵϣĶʲôЦģԼļˣ˲һҲֻһ˲ѣֽܿЦӯӯỲ⣬ѡ
ֻһ˲ȴҲûӹỲۡ
Ỳװû
ֳһЩͲٳԡỲΪʲôԣỲҲ¥
¥ʱӣʣʲôζֵֹġ
Ỳޱ˵˳ɱҪ
ѽҡͷģǷ۵ζ
Ỳû˵ʲô
һۣȥ߬½ǡỲխխֻ߬һϡ
ỲƳһС֣ĿƬ̣תǣСеСֲֵ̫ŲţҪһỲҪɿǽյɿһЩϸϸָͷ㻬ָ
ʮָۡ
Ỳ£ָյøЩ
ƫȻȥѽ
ۼæỲ˵
ȵȻҪæһ죿档Ҫ֪ʲô顣
Ỳݣɿ֣³ȥһߴ³淭·һ˵ˡ
һֱỲ˵һ¡˫װ˲ʮһѾ
Ỳ³ȡһѩ£ת߹ȥͷָͷڴǰϵӣĥĥ䡣
Ỳ⽫ѩ·һԵϣԶ֣ϵ·ˡ
һֱỲʲô鶼˹ģƫΪ¶ܿ죬Ƕģһһָء
Ỳ⽫˸ɾȻȵĿУԼѩ´ϡ
ͷ޳ָɵϵϵĴ
üʣȻأ
Ỳ̧̧°ͣ齵ķ򣬵ȥһ
Ĭؿ
ǡỲЦһƴĺģֶȻƣḧһ£һ˵㣬ۼҵѬһѬ
⻰ơỲ⣬ȴ˵⻰档
򴽣΢ԥһ£Ȼָͷص˵ԼĴǡ
ỲʧЦҲȥǣһ۾ߡỲߣĿӴϲ߬ſߡ
ڴϣһȦǺڡҪȥݺӡȥȥ
ֹһȦȻſڴϣͷỲ⡣һ˫С̣ƻţȻϥ
Ỳֻٶɱϵˣ˵ۼҵ
áӦţĴƹһȦ
ʰС¥šе㼱١
үͷ˽ˣ
æʣ׺ĸף
̫̫Ҳһˡں¥кء˵ȥסС˸æ֪ͨȥء
ææӴһǰһȥϵ·Լ·е㼱æҵģ¶㴩ˡ
Ỳ߹ȥһá

ȥ·ϣŲܿ죬ҪСȻ뿪ʱ˾˵ջû뵽졣
һռΪǵӻǰǵӣͿʼᡣǳɫһ·϶ôȰο˵ˡ
ǵص¥ʱȴ˵̬Ⱥȫͬ
ĸˡѾ󣬲СˡϲĸҲܲʲôֻϣҪúչԼ
㶵תͷȥס
Ԫɫеѿ˸ʹ˸ɫԪ̾˿˵ʵҲûôֻҪþС
ȼˡʶԼĸһֱǸ˵Ļһ˵Ʒ£һȻܹ˵Ļ
ãȻѡ
̫̫ͷ˵ЩޢޢҪĶʲôʱֹĻϲǱõģ
һرʵ
Цóһݸ˵ɩɩ߲ҽǴ㡣
Ǻд򿪣ԧǡ
ҹĻ˰Ҫ̳˺˵һҲû빬ˡ
ǣ˺óһΡ
һ˼ǰߣֱ˫oйҵȥ
ỲһԣЦš
Ԫһۡ
ỲԪļ磬Ц˵ɴ̨ˡӵĵڶе٣ۼԭдɴ˱µǾ䡣
ɴɱңԪɫǺ졣
Ỳÿд̨ʣǱ˵ʱǡʹƭȻԸǣǲͰǶɱˡ
ɴ˵Цˡ˵ۼТСТ˳ô˴治Ỳ⺬Ц˵
Ԫ˦Ỳ֣С˵ļ磬ص
˸ԪỲʱʶһ¡
̫̫û̵ǳվԭỲ⡣ܵĿ⣬ỲתƳȴһ˫ɣȰů⡣


141 °
Ỳһ˿һ, ǳ·ÿЩ
Ǽޢޢܴ̫̫˵
ȻỲӦ֪̫̫͡⻰ʶϷԺԺ˵£ⷨӼ򵥴ֱ, ֱ
̫̫Цţֽһ䣺ޢޢԶڼǿһǧһ򱶡
԰գ̫̫Ỳһ, Ȼֵ֣
Ỳһ, Ŀ뿪
ʻһΣ̫̫ĸ, ո˵Ļʲô˼
ؾĸƺǰΪǡȫֵ˼ǲ졣ΪϾ˶֪̫̫
̫̫˸, ˵ˣһζȰҲûʲôôޢޢ⺢һö, 費ľġ
ҲܿԪ̾
˺Ȼһ£̫̫ѯʣĸ, ֪¶Ǹʱ֪Ỳ⣬һͬȥ˺ӱ߷ſơ⡭ʲô龰
ʵ̲סŮ޶һʱôӡ
̫̫šһ, ˵ǰʱȷǲ֪Ỳ⣬ޢޢ⺢, ˸ֺŪҡ˵˶ر𡭡õĹ¡
ü죬ϵıеšô룬Ҳ󲻳ԼСŮҵ龰̲סСʣôޢޢģܲɣȻڳ, ˻΢һ㡭
ѯĸף
̫̫Ƥóɤ˵˺ʲôӲ, ڵʱ򣬶ޢޢء
ģ˲š
ԪҲ˹
ǰ̫̫һ˵ޢޢǳԣ棬硣
̫̫ͣһ£˵ޢޢЬˣ͹ޢޢű߸Ь
߬Ÿӣ̫̫˵һһŵӸ˵ءҲʲôˣϸĸףš
Ԫһ𾪵ɫ
̫̫ðģϵı˵࣬Ѱ˾ò˵ѻӡ
ޢޢûЬɾ˵صһۡصͷǸʮ顣̫̫̾˿öˡޢޢٹŸ
Ԫ˶һۣͬʱһ龰
⡭ôԽԽþ㤰
̫̫۽ǵɨһŮŮٰĿջڵضšµ˰ѹµ¶µҲ߷֡
ο̫̫˵ļ£ǰġһ£˵ĴСҪ
ԣ˵ʵ
̫̫Сϵ²裬һ
Ԫ˳Ĭ˺ܾãԪü˵ǲ뻢Ѩ
˵ǵԼķ˼ǣҪԼıӡȴ
ֳԽԽ
̫̫üţ룬Ҳû
ҵİȦˡ
Ԫû⣬̫̫ѯʣĸףޢޢôİ
Ȳ̫̫ƤνԶʧ䵱˵һѻʱ˵ȥҪԼԲȥ»ѻԽԽ࣬ҴҲԽԽ졣
ԣ̫̫˵ˡеĲյƵ˵ʮˡ
Ԫ꼱æӻĸ׸١
֪ĸ׸ٵؾ̫̫ʵ
Ԫ㶣̫̫ΪʲôͻȻ̧̫̫̫̫һ˼Ŀ⣬Ȼ۾ģٹ¡
̫̫ٶ˵΢ЦؿʼĿ

Ỳȷȥй֮ûʲô©ת˸߽ۡݣȥϵѩ¡
ոմŴһѩ¡
Ỳ⽫ϵ·ŵϢѩ£ȻŽ¥
ȥ
һѩ£Ⱦ͸顣

ʱгӿʼ̣ȥμӺڵļݡ
Ϊʺ󣬽ձȻҪͬȥǻʺ󣬻ʮλɣҲһͬǰͻСԲȥû뵽ʵƽϲϣԵӵĴڣҲͬȥ
ϸԼͬһϡ
Сгĺӣѵóڣʲô档ȻѾˣΪڵԵʣƻͨ
ϵҲ֣ܳ⡣
ڴߣһֻСץŴ̧һЩһ˫۾˳⡣ʲô棬һ˫һҲţʲôϴٿǸĶ֣һãҲۡ
ͷƿЩ
ŷԼŴС־ȻѾˡ˦˦󣬲˼سЦЦ
˵һ¡СУ߬š
ţ˵ġڲ䣡˵꣬ŴС˸Ƿֳȥ档
еô˯Ϊ˹ΡȻβ࣬дøÿһ㣬дһһ飬˯ˡҲ̰ûݣеˡ
ϷˮŶ࣬ŵ廨ţЩطźխΪ˲·ǰһ󣬾ͻΡ
Сĸ϶ܻСĸһ𣿡ʵϲСĸߣһ㶼Լһ˹һ
Ȼѽ϶ϣСЦС
˲бųõЦݡ
һ·ϣ϶һг˺棬ʱʱҪָĶ¡ЩʶЩȴǰڹûġǳĵظš
Цһ·浽˵طݣͱûʲôȤζˡһжҪչأȤ
Ϲؾصعݼ룬ٰŴشʡ۾ʼˡżЩӴ·ߵ֣ǿɱȤˣ
ΰΣε˼
ǻȥ·ϣѾòˡ۾ӱߵĻƣһ˫۾ԽԽССԴҲ˯档СŲĵʱæֵһ¡ССԼ˯
Ժ۾غ
ͷ˵˯ɡ
Сĸʵ̫ˣû˵ʲôͺ۾˯ˡ
һС񣬴ϵϣ
ﲻССһˣʱˣе顣
һγͣʱСԼڳ˯šİ˯ŵϱԼΣԼøϣӽȥȥԭ׼Ŀսӡ
ٴγͷһ࣬Ҳش˸Ƿʼˡ鳤۽𽥵ʹһ˫۾Ҳˡ
Զ룬ò̫Сʱ뵽˰˯ѵԺ״̬
ⷢʱãȻ֪롣֪ںδҲ֪ȻʵģС
ֱͷײڽϣ۵üʹҲе룬ѹľͱײѹ
ƿӴߵȥ㵵طֻҵĳѾúԶĺ档Ҫ׷˶ڹϣ
ô
ݺͰȥ
˼ɿת
ԡϵĽӡЩҪ°ߵ˲ϣ
ȵȡ
ɻСʼҳӣ͡ʱЩôɹ°ⶥӵģԭĳأ
ɻسһߵĻʼҳȥ
һҹ۾Ϳò̫ƫƫҹڣƻأԶеĵƹ⣬ճʵۻȻı顣
ʵ۵ȷϡ£СĻʵӦ


142 
ʲôʵ۵֪ʺ°, ԭءð죬ָŻʺķΣʣʺΪʲôԼĽ
Ѿ, ۾ӽߵļС̫ԼĴš
գգ, գգۡ
ãȻǰȻ󿴼ʵ۵ɹӶĿ⡣ʵ, ϣҵͻƿ, ָϵƿڴЩˡ˵ôȥʮȴûͷûԵĻ
ϴСֲ˲, ŴԼĸʣһ
ִӺ漷, ϱ߿ο, ûûˡ
Ͻֵļ˵϶ûµġ
СʵĻֶʱͷһᡣ
ƾʲôأ
ʲô, ҪԼĸá˵⼸δõĸһ˿һ谮
ֲ룬ֻҪһ, ˺ۡ
⣬Ҫعֱ˽ҲûϷſ, Ծɽڻ
ҲſֵĻðΣСԹˡʳߵ϶Ľӡ
ǡ˵
Ҫߵ, Сĸҡ
ٵͷСӱøЩ
ϳĬ˺һŽֻС̧һ˫۾֣ʣСĸʲôʱ
⡭ֲ֪ôش
̫Ρ
ʺĻܻ𣿾ܹһ°߹Ļʺ󣬾ƽƽػ
䣬ǲö˵ˡ

ʼҳӸջйҹݵļûлؼңйֽҹ֮¡ʺ󵱽ֱ°Ǵ£ȻҪ֡
ʵųǵۣķꡣһֲԤ
ֻ˳ˮ۽ŪѰ
ȷϵǲԼ⣬ݲȷһϲϡ˻ǸӺҳһģһ֪ԼĻʵʱܵȥһ뽫òһĶΪ̫ӡ
˶ԣ
ˣĳӾͳΨһĻӣʱȻûٷԣ
⹴Ķǵĺ󹬣ٻƫƫûĸӻĺӳڡʵףڱϡ
ôµˣȻֻỲ⡣
ʵ۴ĵײỲ⣬ȥϡԣ԰ϣʱʵԥ֮ӦˡʧˣҲԽƸԼƲɸɾܵӦϣʺ˵õڻҲ֧ˡ
¾㱸ϳô©
ʵҲûϺܿ׹⡣޷֤飬ں
ϴɱϷŹ
ڣǽš
֮ҪŪԷʲôˣʲôĿġҵ°ٻʺˡ
һĻλմ󳼵Ļ
µĳѰȥʵҲ̧ͷſڵỲʱʶ硣
Ỳ⻺ӵ߽һѩ¼ѪȾ͸ճ⻮ʯ档ϵѪѾɺԡ
ɢŰѪζɭ
ϳۣ˵ӡݣʵǲ·
ʵԽ磬ʶỲ⣺ⶨȻȥ׽÷ȥˡ
Ỳûᣬߵո˵ճǰ۶ǴǸĹ٣ţ߳һ亹
˵ˡỲɭڣ°ߵĲǻʺǽˡ
һž֮󣬵ڴ㿴ңҿ㡣
֮Уûʲôˡ
ü˵ӡԲӣ°ߵķǻʺ
Ỳ⳶˳һഽǣ԰׵ϳһĨЦݡٶȿڣ°ߵǽˡ
һš
һصĳҪȸոոãš
ʵ۴ϥϵֲط˲亹һͰ͵ؿڣǰ°ߵǽ˰ʺûг
Ỳޱ飬ɨڵļ
һ亹Ӷǹ˴ҴҲȥѿڣϣս׽ù鰸ƽ
Ỳļ磬еѪӡϵĳŪ˰׺״۾Цһߣһߵ߻˵ԻὫƽὫȺ׽ãٴһ

°ˣƿ˲ϣǵʺʱҲˡѾ°ˣֻʱ˴ɽ
ô
ȱԭ򡣹ؼҪô죿ɲѰӣǵʺ󰡡
鷳
š
վһߣĴΧ֪һɽϣǸѡǰļ˿ɲˡ
°˸˵ãȻǾרҵѵ⼸ˣÿ˿ȥ˵Ʀ֮෴һȺˡ
Ŀ׵ϡ޷ףЩˡ
ʺô
Ҫ˵һɱ˱ǣʵ۵Ů
۾ŬЩ˵ĶԻѰõѶϢԼһڵ˶Իʵ۵Թޡ
ĵ岻٣ѵһЩĺܣ
һֱĬڿڣˡ鷳ȥˡ
ҪڣһϤ
ޢޢ
ɫ䣬ӴųǰŭѣʣҪʲô
ƻô©ҪҲʹʵ۵˶ǸʲôԵģﻻ˶֪ˣѵҪѻʵ۵ŮͻȥʲôЦ
ǰ˱˵ʵϲ˵ӡĻʺǵϡ˵͸ҲԼӱռʲôζǣûʺӽҤؽޣ
Ի˲ν
ʼȰ
üˡĪҪֻ֮֮֮¿áʵˣ顣
е㾪ȵĴ˵˼ҡ
ֻ죬ͷ˵Ҿ˵˵
ٿ˵ӣ֪ҹĹϵǰһϴҵΪء㲻ܣҲ׼Ϊж鳤֦ڡŮˣ
̧۵ǰ˵ֻҪһţͲ׼ǶһָͷߣȻ¶ΪأΪβʾϣǿɱϺҵĹϵ
ü֮両ּԥ
ϸϸƷĻ˵Ϻ
ļĬ˼ʱһ˴ҴҴܽ
˰Χˣ
ѻôҹЩ⡣Ҳ⣬˽Ϊ˦׷··߶ƺõģϤ·ߵˣ·
ǽŻʺһӡ
Ƕ˾ӡ̫Ỳˣŵһ·ɽһ仰˵ڴ
˽ԻȻŵļ˶վ
ôˣȻ˹費ٹ£糯δȥ
պڣҲûȥ
۾һ·Ļȥһ·Լ侲ԼŬ˼ԲߣһĹҡ֪ˣ仹δµұͦļҲ
Уתͷɫ
Ỳ˵˵ŵ˴ϢԻֿڣҪɱ˵ٶȡ
ɫȾϽǡ
ᡢỲˣ˾һ
ѸӿſڡǰɽȥڿỲɽѪɫӰʱɺס
·ѪˮݹִպĿˣﻹǸˡ
оЩɫĹ죬ҲҪȥſڣס
磿
ԥһսתܡ


143 ս
Ӧ, Ҳȫûѵ߬߬öЩˡ
ӣҪȥĶ˷, ʡ
վſںʹǰ˷׷׻ͷץܳţźŹ, ֱӽȥһǳɡ
磬ſҡ˵, һȥõĽ
Ŵ߬, 첽ǰߡקýŲġｹͣ˵ſԼ
磡ھ㣡ѵҪɱ𣿡ɫ, ʼûס鵢þˣס
׷ġħһ, ˿ǡһ͵ʯݳ߽İ
ɽɽɽ·
һƬ, ʲôҲƫקߵô죬ŲĿİβȵԼȹ, ֲڼªֻ, ЩطЩֵˮӡŪ廨Ьȹǡ
һǳһŵĽŲнǡ
磬Ҫȥƽ͵ڡ
ǰ, Ĭòſڣ뿪һС
֣Ѳˡ̾Ϣʣ, ΪھҲҪЩֻعȥ
ĽŲ͵ضסһתһƬʣعȥȥʲôȥʵ۵Ļʺ󣬻ȥһ˵Ķʳ
Ŀ͵ʹǰỲȾѪִɽĹӡȥһദ
ȥ֮飬һ±úһңܲˡ
۾˵ţҲ
磬㲻ҪƫִֻȥΪΪԼΪеһȥ
Ѿ˵κλƫִսһηǰ塣ӰǰһƬ֡һƥ˩һϣϹһƥ
⿪
ɽȥ˵Ǻܿͻ׷磬侲һЩòã
ʱˣһ㶼ԼİΣԸű粻˺ʼĳ֮ܶ˵
û˵ϱһ·񱼡Խǰһϰһƥԣٲ
٣Ҳٵûץ˫ս֣ȫرӡҪץÿһ̵ٶȣһֻſһЩһЩٿһЩ뿪ȥ˴ȥӣԶһСıòӦþЩ͸ԶţԶǣСʱ˵ȥߣȥ䣬ȥӿ
ԽԽ죬ӭϡ
ѹؿڣǻĲʣԽԽʣɫҲ𽥱ò԰
˫ۻ࣬ÿһµʱԼ˦ȥ
ؿڵʹоԽԽأÿһһܿܽӲ
Ҳܲˡڵϣزתȥӣקק
ҲȥģĿǰûע⵽쳣
죬ӭĿУҲһþȫץסָǶƤ⡣
˵ˣᡭڵͷ˵һĻס
ֱ֡еƥ͵رֹ˲ǰ߸Щסڽͣ
㵵԰׵ɫ
죬Ȼ³һѪ
ˡΣææҵԵˮҡ˻ΣˮȴͿˣһˮûС
ϵһֱӻȥ

ˮҴе䣬æȥҪȥֻûʱȥ
˫ѹĿڣͷʹϢÿһ䡣
ɫ԰ֽǿҵҪôˣܵÿһЩܲˣôԴ
ҩҵҩʹȫ˵Ļ͵÷ૡ
ҩ
Ҫȥҩһ뵽տͰ͵ؿڣҡҡҴȥȥտ
޴ôȥտ
ԶյΪǶ׷ˣһ̣ȴһ
Զվǰսе彣
ӣµģ
һһϳߵƸ̷֮Ӧ˿ڣϣҡҵôȥҴϰæ
ڼٳصĴϢ̧ͷǰűƿоһӵĿϡţ
ʹʶô·ûȥѹؿڣشϢš
һֻ֣ݸˮҵһֻ֡
ֻϴŵִһ£ٴ̧۾ǰϤס
Ҳڴ̧۾һ̣һ£Źֵɫһָֻܿ𴽽ǺƵЦЦ֣ˮʱļ磬˵Ѿɴˡ
һ£׷䣺ʱôߡ
ĶϵǴִζš
ЩʧϵִѹѹϢŵڣ򡭡
΢תƺĳƺ⡣ţЦЦ˿˵ĳ⡣ϵĿ⣬ȴòƿͼеϣ׷޵üۡ
վһߣֽơڣϣȥտ
ŽϵĿƿ̧ۣĿһƣĿʱްֺᣬȫһ顣
²ࡣ𱸡ﲻٷŭصĲȴŨŨѹ
ɫ԰ףʲôֻżҪٿڣѸٲٶȿò˼顣
ͬʱһȾѪĳĶϣԭλĶܣĳᣬƥ˾˻С
Ųڳľϻζĳתͷȥ
һѪµỲһ߹ɪ
鷳͵һ䣬ƳһۣԴŷӶ
Ỳһ߽ٴοһۣ˵ƣضзֹỲɱϡ
һ˵ߡ
Ƴһֻۡԥ֮תƸתͷʱ·ȥ
𲢲ңҲûƸЩʱǰ㣬Ƶٶȡ۱Ŀָ飬Ṵһ˿ԴЦ
תͷһԵ˵ķɵԽԽá
Ŵһ
𣿡ҧ
ſһԽԽỲ⣬Ų鲻Ըط뿪֪ԼʧˣĻᣬûܹߡôԺء
ڣϲûдӣֻõͷæӷǵѪỲߵǰ֮ǰ
ɫزѪҪȥ
ỲⲢûйܳ뿪ˣĿһֱϡ
ô·ҵվǰ
ڵϣС˶һСľܿˤ
Ỳ⸩֣Ҫֲ̧𣬺΢һ˲¡
֣մѪ
϶մȳѪ
ָ£ս


144 ԡ
̧۾Ỳ⡣
Ŀԡ
Ỳⲻ֪ʱеǸʲô, Ǵʱеò񻰣ղ԰ֽѪɫʹææ, ǴǻճŵѪһѪ԰׵Եøۡ
ǻ͵һϣ޹ǰƤʹаӰһء, еء
ΣỲĮڣԼ𣿡
, ҡͷ
һݵĳĬ֮ٴε˵ͷ̧, ȥỲӡỲһ£ûж㿪Ỳ, ϵѪŪ׵ָ
մָϵѪģ˱ǶѪζҲŨصġ
, ߬Ỳӵǰһ㣬ס, ǿ֧ţҪԼվһûУһ˫ȺҲʧȥ֪һ, ûվ
Ỳ, ۾˲һȦ
ٳʱûпޡ˾ɼʹߣҲûпޡϷ, Į˲ίغȦ
ӣĵ
, ܵѹؿڣͷһһؿȡ
Ỳָ˲ǰ֣Ѫ߰ߵֻû
̫ТڣѩɫĶԽѩɫɴȹ
ѩ׵òȾӡ
Ȼչ˽ײỲšδɺԵѪȾϸɾѩ¡
ĻСؿޡ޵ίᡣ
Ỳ̧֣ѹĺ󱳣³жɽڡû˵Сؿޡί
һ͵͵˵Ҫϲˡ
ỲЦЦ
ǰϲˣӦú۰ɡ
ʹ֪˵ǼٻԹζỲһֱһᵽ
һ죬鰮ɱȻת뿪ԸŹ˵ˣ
ˣô׼ȥأ
Ỳ⸩ףẬ˺Ķ⣬Ȼؼҡ
˳Ỳ⻳۾ŬƽĲʡôˣԼѺ˽⡣֪λȥ֮տ϶ҪҩһӣҪָÿշҩˡһ뵽Щɬҩü΢ûҩأѾܵؾÿࡣ
ǡ
۾Ỳ⡣ȻỲⲢûڿĿǰɫ
߬ס½קקỲ洹ۿ۾ϣЦЦ˵ﰡ
û˺䡣
ֵȣûٵȵỲ°仰
˵ҲʡĻı䣬һ·仰һֱȵỲⱧ߽һ̶
ˮ磬ˮࡣ̶֮أɽּкܶࡣ
ỲѾܲϵѪζˡ
ɱʱѪȾ͸ѩ£ЩѪλεظڸȡ˳ɹÿһͷÿһѪġ
Ѫζ˳˵ѪҪɱˣҲ÷ϵ˵Ѫϡᷳ
ʱЩѪ̱ŵʹҪŻ£Ūˡ俴׵ҲմѪỲԽôۡ
Ỳ⽫̶Է£һ䡰ҪҶȻ»̶߽ˮСĶ峺̶ˮ𽥱Ⱦ졣ɫ£ɭȻԺ⡣
ỲһŲŲӿ̶ȥϴ֡һ˫ϣҲմỲϵѪȥϵѪ̲סȥ룬˭ϵѪ
룬̶ˮϴȹϵࡣ
ǰˮڶ࣬ѩ׵ȹǶȾĺۼ
ỲˮһϵжûԼϴ·һ˫СִȹǵĶ׾
ڳصỲ׾ϴµĶǾǲ΢һ˿ǳЦ
Цľʱȹ಻ࡣ
ЦĽϴ¶ᣬ׾˷Ц
ֻߣߣ㹻Цɡ
ǰŲһŲȥˮĶűߵһССʯͷˮУʱֻǼһˮǺܿһһˮһһݵỲǰ
ҲƮƮضһСʯͷʱ⣬ʱ֪ǧ𣬲ӿ
һһЦУú̶š
ỲѩϵѪɢȥԼ¶ЩԭѩɫѪѳˮƯɾġ
Ỳ̶ˮдûãͳŰߵȥˮԽԽǳʪҲ¶
վǰȥЬӡ
еȹڣȥ˫մЬӡ
Ỳ̧ͷϤǡ
ʪģǲѪ
Ỳ̶ˮг߳Ҳȥšϵˮգ½ؼҡ
뿪̶ûã˳겻֪ʲôʱȻ֣һỲϡỲޱ飬Ųͣ١
ߣ˳ŽųΪ¡
æ߬½Ϊקק
ỲͷƳһۣ˵ۼҲ֪䡣
Զ˳Ѿ׼ˡ
ỲⱧ뿪ת򣬻سȥỲⲢûֱثoйֻǽĸۡ
ڸǰͣỲ⽫Ծһ¥һ߷Ը˳ȥ׼ˮȥҩ
˳æӦ£ȥ졣һỲϵʪ·֪Ỳÿĺ̶ԡ֮󣬶ˮ֮࣬øɾˮһء
ԣûỲԸ˳Ҳ֪ҪỲ׼ˮˮȻͬ˶ˮϴ衣Ỳ⼴ʹǶԡʱҲˮ˵ů͵
ˮҪգˮȴʱеġ
˳ԸС̫ȥˮֽ֮ؽʰ׵ȻȥỲԡ
Ỳ⽫ϣΪȲ裬˵ˮգһᡣ
ͷӹỲݹȲ裬Сڵغһ㡣
ỲƳһԾڵˮĿ¶Ӷ񣬷·Ѿ˼ޡҲٶת뿪ȥҡ
ÿȾһѪϴһǲġ
˳Ỳ⻻ˮԡͰĴװˮỲüչԡͰ΢Щ۾
ҵűƿỲԾɺۣڣȥ
վſڣûỲӳϵӰԥһǰ߹ȥÿһúСҲ
ƹһ̣֪Ỳ۾Ŀϡ
ϸֱỲϵı飬ȴײɫ׼Ʒ顣ڣҵ˺þˡ
Ỳ⡰šһƵ˵ۼˡڸٸһҡ
ûỲĻĬһСڣҲˡ
Ỳû˵
ٴŵǰһ㣬һЩỲ۾˵һϴ
Ĭ
ǽ֡
ǰЬԡͰϡỲ۾ԽᶨûԼϴҲϴꡣҪһϴ
ظҪһϴ
Ỳ⻹ûпڡ
üüϸ΢۽ҲŹճЩίζᶨĵɤӣƵૣһϴһϴһϴһϴ
Ỳڴ߶ˡ
С̧۾С˵
ỲȻ
˳ꡣỲ
ŵ˳æ
ˮỲԸ
Ծɵͷֻ˴ǡ
˳һ£۽ɨһʱˣ


145 
˳ֽҨһЩԡͰԭˮ, ٽľͰˮҽͰС֪ỲⲻϲˮҲûԡͰˮȣǽһͰˮൽԡͰԱ, ҪỲԼ
һվһԵĻʺ˳, еõ廨굹һЩˮС
ɫĻ潵ˮУˮƮ
Ỳü, Ƴ˳һۡ˳ʱ֣ˡЩεؽһ, ڵϣȽ̺, Ȼ̹˳ȥҵŹغá˳վĥһ, ܾһʱòЩ춯, Ҳɵվˣղ¥¥ȥӭҪ¥˳ꡣ
ӡ鷿˳һߣһѯʡ
˳ҡҡͷ, ֱ˳¥ߡ
˳ͷԣѯʣôǣ˻ӡء
ҩߡ˳ֱӽ˳ȥ˳, ȥС̫ʺﰾҩ

ֱ˳˳ĽŲԶˣͷȹ, ЬЬϵգʶüð۵úܡӵ, ˫ɫ廨Ь磬Ƿȥ
ỲЦĶ
ͷԼȾȹԥһ£Ҳȥվ￪ʼ£մѪյĴϣȻۻȥỲ߹ȥ
һ߳Ỳȥһ˫ִ̽źϵߵỲǰʱ·ϵɢɫµ°ɿ
Ỳһۣתȥ׵ļԡͰڡ
Ỳ̧֣ȥϵϵ˳Ķдӽɢ·һ࣬FȻתŽŵţԡͰСŸտȥһȣü
ԡͰʵխЩ
ԥֻһ˲ܿ콫һˮ䵽ʵԡͰײȴỲȡæһŲŲˮվȡ
ûˮУվỲǰһʱ֣֪ƺʶľʵ̫ˡˣͰڡ
Ǻܽ
ŤŤˮжˮûǡˮеͰţҲСȵŲѰµơ̧۾СȥỲı顣ۣĬһԵĴڡ
ˮеỲĽסһ£Ҫջ֣ȴϵ˰̡ûаջȥָ˲ϵ˰̣ȻסĽףȳһקקȥȥקһȡǰڳһСĵطϥ˫ֱԼȡ
Ỳ̧ۿǰϥˡʣˮ
ҡͷ
ỲⴹۣƳһϥƣЦһίӣۼ۸Ƶġ
խԡͰȻѰһ䣬ˣûаӴ
󱳵ͰϣпšỲ⣬뿪ڣִ۳Ĭйľɥ
ֹԼԼģỲҲٿڣֻ
˺һϥ˫֣һֻȥûˮУѰҵỲĽףȥĥϵľɰ̡
ỲתȥüϵǺӡ
Ĵɺӣһһָĸӣÿﶼһǡȡһ÷ǷŽУһ߳ţһѯʣ÷ǡǡǺ֦ǡҪһ֣
ǡ
Ỳһǵݹȥιԡ
ǲǰģҲ֦ŵҧһڡǵζڴݼͬʱеʴ㡣
õζܽһᣬȻ͵һˮ棬ˮƮŵõ廨Ҳƻ˻Ρ
ٵһʱỲ⼰ʱֽסᣬָϵκڿУ˳
Ỳ⿪ڣۼҼǵǰ޵ġôۼԺƵƵ᣿
ȥָѩ󣬴ŵ˵᣺ˡţ
ָȥ۽ǵʪ̧ͷϵЦݡڿڣټľɥҼ𣬱֪ԼǾ֮ˡʱһ˯ҲѹԴӺСʱ򣬼˱ҪźĻţÿһյһ죬޻ڡ
ҲΪŸȥܶ顣
ỲָĥգĬĬ˵Щ
סỲ֣ѹĿڣȥԼƱƱϵ
۾Ц࣬ٲڹ뷿ʮ꣬ȥܶˡ
Ц۾һįįԴڶľηη塣
ǽպȻɼֽľηһμʼ£ôôȻгһҲѲ
ҽѪ֪֪
ʱȥ۽ǵѪ˷ּᶨҪ׿ڸ
Ỳͷ
֪ˡûпҲεĴ
Ǹʱ룬ľôô졣һôôûô룬ô׳־۾˼Ц۽մᣬһ룬ЩҲȥܻȥɡЩҪʢȻֹûңԺҲܻٴ
ŽߵỲ⣬Цʣأ
ỲЦЦ⣺˶ۼˣʢҪ
ҡͷ˵᲻㰡
Ỳɫ
᲻һ䡣һûд㿴ƣҲûɸɿЩ
ʢбƽʹļˣҲбļˡֻֻ
ܾȥܸϣһˡ
ỲתͷԡͰŰڷŵľͰװˮˮ뵣ƮšЩˮһ飺ˮ
ûнĻ˵ҺòãҲҰɣһ˵Щ黰Ұɡ
Ỳתͷ黰
ͷظҰɡ
˵
һӾͿˡҲխƵԡͰһţšỲ˹ȥֱۻĲӣؽر
ζˮϣɫĻβš
Ỳ̧֣ĸļѹȥץĽףŵ˫ŲϡŻСḧļ˵ۣķۼϡͼۼһ˵黰㡣ЦЦ
ЦЦ۵ס
չȥյĶϣɫƣۼҵıۼҵĸ⡣
˺Ķٵڿ»ˣ·紵ֻۣ̽һúð㹩š
͵͵Ц۽ϻմأȴʼ̲סЦЦӸỲ⻳˿һЩЦỨȥš
ỲɫѲ˾ֻ˵û档Ỳ΢ָ˲۽ǣûܰ۽ǵỨȥָϵˮ۽ǡ
ޱ𣿡
ʹͷƶҪ˵˵رɺˡ
չȥĴĴǣҲǣֻĥز˲䡣˵ò
ģģȫζ
Ỳ̾Ϣ
ָ°ϣЦ̧ʪ۽ǣ˵ϲϲòϲ
ͷ۾ϡٴƣĽϣշתĥ


146 ӵ
һ˲
֪Ҳ֪, ֪̽ÿһΣĬ, ӦҲϡ
ͷһأǰԳ
ЩĴ, ϲ˵ѽ
ţỲȥ۾ٵϣٴӴϵٵ۾, š
ˮָ̧Ҳǡ׵Щһ, ̧˫ȥˮзһ, ʪģŪʪỲ, ָմһƬ꣬ϡ
ϵĻ, 䴽Цúÿġ
ỲѰָĻ, õǰƳһۣŽƵؽ˳ԡ
ϲỲԶ, ŵúܡƬ꣬΢Ĵߡ
СС˵ѹõ͵͵, ˵ֻ˲֪ܣԺҲҪ˵ĻŶ
ỲڽƬ꣬ݼЩɬǰ˫ӵӣڿ͡Ρ
˲, СغίҪ޳һỲⲻټһغ
Ỳ˫･ɢЦޱ˵ĸαۼҵСڡ
֪Ըװί̼ɢʹú޲˵Щ˵ĻҲ𴽽ǡ
һ̣ỲͷսЦ۾һǣȻغһЩ΢ƫͷ΢ĴĴϡ
Ỳߵ۵׵ЦŨ֣Ҳ΢΢˵Ȼת䡣䵭붼٣ʱԡ
˵ҲȫȻ˵ӣٲûв˱ƵĿնõ
һĴһǡ
ٻһһǡ

һһ
ʱϹĻϲЦݣͳһһǻдһһεǣ𽥱ò̫ȻҲȾ˺Ρ
㡢˵ˡСؿ飬һ˿
ƿĿ⣬Ỳ۾
ȻỲⲢԸողתȥʹת۽ƵҪ۾
಻׼
ô׼أ
һˣò׼Լ׹һΣﻹ׼аֵܡ
𽥱òִҲŲȻŲš֯һѤӵճסҲУѲ롣
ֱֱ˲ĵط
һ˲лعȥỲ顣۾ûʲô飬Ҳһִ̣չȥĴǡ
񣬻Ȼ
иԥỲһδչȥĴʱˮнյɿ˾ʳ𣿡
ˮУţơͣ£ͣһɽ˵λá
ڵȴһ𸴡

СỲϵı飬ʮĵصȴš֣òʱƣԽԽ
Լ˰뱲ãҪջʱỲȻתһ죬ȥԡͰϵõĸɾ˷泶һɫ˿
Ƕ·ﳶĶϹõ·ңһ䣬Ʈڵ档ỲⲢûᣬֻǽȻƵԼһȦ
Ỳƺԥ

Ỳԥֻ̡ܶߣʱѾ˾ס۾
ԹԵر۾Ķ
ϵԺ˿ӺᱡԡˮУƮˮ棬Щõ廨һ
ȻỲȣ˸ƣϡ˽ϲȱ
ס۾ʲôˡһƬڰΪỲ⻹ǲ׼ʧ䣬һ̣Ϊס
Ƭ֮һƬӵỲ⡣ŬǰŲһŲŲһŲӵ޷϶
ˮζںɴõ廨Ʈҡ
Ỳⴹۣһ˿һȥŲĶȻصͷ°ʹļѣ۾ھ׵һһȥȥᡣ
һƬ۾ղһỲľࡣ
ûйϵġĺܺãҲϰһһӡǰߡһΣ´Σһգ۾һƬӵƻӵ

ڴߣӹỲݹҩüֻһ˲ԹԵؿʼҩ
Ỳ֪еҩѾˣʣҪҪһݣ
Ҫ˾˯ˡҡͷ
˵꣬ͿʼһڽһڵغҩСͿʼҩЩ꣬δֹͣҩҩĿɬ񣬵ҲϰˡһһŨҩͱȫˡ
ȻؽĵݸỲ⡣
ԭ׼˳Ųסͷװʲôûȴ̲סֹȻָʹӡʺɵͷһλ
Ỳֵݹһˮ˰뱭Ǹԡ
СǺУͷǣһһţһšǣԵúܿ죬ǿڿлñݽÿһǿҧԡ
һ߰˿ǣоеĿζˣŲٳǡǺӵݸỲ⣬ش˸Ƿ
˳Ҳæʰˣ˳ȥ
ֻˡ
̧۾͵͵ỲһۣѸٵͷװԼû͵ֻǴ̲ס
ȥ˿ٻ˯
ҪССؾܾ
Ỳվߣ˵ȥҪ
˻ȣ۾С˵߲
Ỳ⽫ȥڡԹԵڵỲݹľӡỲЦЦ˳ľݡ
ʵǹ֮۾ˡỲؿؿڣȻص齣ѼС
ỲСذڴϣΪϱӡ
õڴߣõ
ߵĴԣĬֱ

峿վ鰸棬ִɽͼ
Ƹ첽߽ѯʣϣЩô죿
Щ˷ٳϣȴٳ˻ʺˡ
Ƹ˵ΧỲ°סû
ɽͼʣ˵ỲɱЩˡֹ𣿡
Ƹ¶ɫԥƬ̲ſڣЩѡ
ЦЦʷ£ٻ֧ɫȾϵĻʣʼϸÿһƬ֦ҶһȤζһ˵ǾͰȥɱ
ҲǵһȥỲɱȻץϵȥˡգ㻻һЩȥ
ƸסΣʣأ
ıͣͣ

ԥһ£ٿڣŻáҲάǲˣỲδػɱ
ǡƸӦһתߡ
ڸһƬҶɫʱȻһʡüü¶õ顣ܲ۵һʣٻһƬҶڹȥΪûзԭ룬滭˶ʱɽͼ
±ʣ鰸ϵִٴϡ
˵ɽͼȥһֽʼݼ䣬ȥС
̬֮ѻ꣬ȴš
ѾȥˣĿ𽥱ģ
ʣõŻϿŵ١ʣΪɲüۣҲ񻭴ӡ
ȻϼõСʣȥ˿ŵ٣ҹ


147 簡
ʱ, Ѿ硣Ժ۾ϵ뻹ûоȥط˸ȷỲⲢߡ
Ҳ, Ѿˡ
̵Ҫ´սһ˫Ų£Ь, ̧۾, Ỳ߽
ˣֽŹϣỲ⻺߹ȥ
߽, Ⱦϻϲһ̣Ŀر, С˵˾䣺硣
ᣬи˯ѵԺŴ
ỲѾߵǰ, Ĵ, Ȼ۾һ䣺硣
糺ĻԼ϶ϲߡԼ, ˲Ҳһ˲䣬½һ˫Ỷϲȥ, ΢΢̧°ʹչȥĴһǣ˵һأ硣
Ỳⴹ, ²Цƴĺ󾱣ḧ񾱣ٽһߵĴ, ʹɣ簡
һӺ̧ƣý૵͵;棺Ժ׼ң
Ỳ⽫޼ѹҵһƷҴ˳ɾɲˡ
ٽüġ
ĶӺȻͽһ˲üٸž˵ؽ˫ѹԼĶϣҲǺ˵ˡ
ỲֱָֻѰˣͱˡ¥ȥϴš
ССءšһЬϵСŲŲ̽ЬﴩϣվȻŸǰһʱһҲûУᣬŴ
ỲⴹۣƳȡ
̧۾͵͵һۣСԹ㡣
ûҲֵۼỲͷƣָ˼Ķ䡣
ȡվһߡ
룬֪һûС
Ҳٻصȥ

ССڵسŶһڽһڡÿһڶԵĲ࣬ΪһֱûţƬ̼䣬Ѿ˺Щ
ĺö
ڴǰĳů紵ѩɫϡ
ỲһȻʳһ磬רעԶӡССڳԶģ档
ÿһ鶼档
˳²ϹϾؽˮỲǰȻߣԶԶغš
̧̧ۣ͵͵һڴµˡҲ֪ΪʲôٷλӾʮְ˭Ҳûôġ˳꾹Ʒ˵¾õ
˳ܿ콫뷨ߡܾʶӡϣʵ̫ˡ
Ỳϵ²غһڣ⣬ת˳꣺˭ݵģ
˳Ц¶һСЦ˵ǲݵĲ衣˵Ǹѧġ˵ӡϲݵĲ裬ʱȥæӡ˲衣ӡ費Ȼˡ
Ỳû˵ʲôеغŲ裬ֱԱ
˸á
˳ϵЦѵͷʲôû
ۣĲ˲Լ
ỲǷÿ֣תֻỲ΢ųָָȥ
תͷһԵ˳ꡣ
˳ͷ͵ٵһ㣬ֻ׼ԼԼЬ⡣
ӳһ˶㣬ỲƿȻȥỲǰյ衣ĲˮỲ˴룬ʣòˡűӣ治²ˡ
ͦúȣǰҲݹ衣ݵĻҲܺúȡ´㳢
áỲԼࡣ
˳첽ݣǰԶѾˣǰȥӡβٳֻʺ˶˹
Ỳɫûʲô顣ֵһ裬ȴԼȣǵݸ
һỲ飬ԥһſڣЩ˽Ұɡ
ỲûӦת⡣ǶȣԿԺϽƬ֦ĵطңң΢ҡεɫѿŸýˮˡ
תͷ˳˳꣬˵ȥ
˳˳ףȥȫٵỲѾϰӡ
˳˳꽫ŹȥߵỲߡϵ֣һ£˳ƽŵַࡣỲСȵŲţ˫ۻӵҲ˵ֻǴӱ﷢Щغ֮ҡ
Ỳ⽫ڴĿջڻõϡͷᣬȴƽ
˳Ỳ˼ĥһ£ҪôСҲֻĥһ£̴ס˼̧۾üддԹԾɵ͵͵ģȴҲصģ
ỲЦЦҲаɡ
⻹ࡣչ¶ЦգչȥƵĴǡ

ʱЩˡ
ԭỲ⿴ȥѰĸۡеһ㡣ʲôⷿη
ỲⲢûнѺ˳ȥ˵ΡûεĴڡ⻹ͷһĵطһ˫۾̲סشšҲ֪᲻ῴʲô̵ĳ
˳Ц˵ġηһֱţʮûعˣԷ̡Ѻ˲Ҳʱ
ͷ´ΧĿЩ
ܿ죬ηмˡкüˣϼ
ȫһηʮ˹һȴûһ˵
ֻߣĻ䡣
ԶĽŲЩһ֮࣬Ҳ⡣
ű򿪣Щ̧ͷſڣվſڵʱЩ⡣
ĿһЩɨĿƽѰģûзŭûгޡº͵Ŀ⻺ɨÿһ˵޷ѩ׵϶ͣһ˲ջʱü֮һȱ΢Ц
Һһˡ
ڶ˵ĵһ仰
Ҳϱ°ɽ֮ԭ˵Ļ
˲΢ЩؽĿվηſڵСʺϡ
ڽߣ΢ЦſڣСʱݶ£ϲһ䡮ɽӣԲڡ
ȵѾƿߣȺѰֻ
ֻɫʱһףԻ˵󲻾֮ԣ֪Լزա
Ҹ޹ֽ֮Ӣ£ֽǼŹ֮ս˯ǰ£н˶٣һ䣺ַڹһкá
˵ǰһ仹ֻܴ֣һȴ˽ǳ㣬ںδ
ͬΪޱǿɹеȻ뾩תͶֻǳδ죬ѱӡ

̵Σ¼ỲʱվԺϽǣŸͭˮƵظ֦ѿˮ
վԭؿһų߹ȥվߣһ𿴴ѿ
ֵʲôѽѯʡ
ԹЩ֦͵ߵ֦ժĹӡָ֦Ҳǲʶġ
֦Ỳ
Щضϸϸ֦ѿȹڷءѯʣԭ֦Сʱӵġ
ʣǶ󣬱֦ٽóԵĹ𣿡
ʮӣֻѿꡣỲ˵
ֿһ۴ɫСѿỲгҲǺϡ顣ʣӡô֦ˣ
ЦỲ⣬˵ǲ֪ôϲ֦ϲҪ֡ȻֻӷѿǼȻѾ˳Ȼ᳤ӵġ
Ỳ⡰šһеˮ£ĵ˵ʱˮͿϣۡζ


148 
Ӱй·, ۾Ϊϱ°¶֮Ĵ㡣Ȼ֮, ܿͱỲǶŮӵֿ̡澣ѺҲ˴šŮ˵仰ƼҲҪָָ, һ˷绯
ƽ
ӣҲǶԵġ
ֻ΢һ˲鷳, Ͳٶ롣ҲҪʲôƷŮӻһ˳޵ֻ, ĿɱҪĶࡣҪЩҪ, ܰϰæġ
ʲô棿Ỳ׿
ת˲Ц, ԹƵ˵һȥˣ̫ҽ϶ҪҼҩ
ͣһ, ǸںĲʰǣѹһ䣺㶼ǡ
ۼȥ, һͳȥ򡣡
Ц
ҹ͵Ĺշü֮ϡ
ʱ͵˫oй, ĺ¥Ỳͣ½ŲûмǰߡСϵַŲʰǴӿⷿ¥ȥ
ỲվһƬɫԶıӰ, ֲ˵ڵĲ壬߲Ǿ÷ظ߶
ỲЦЦǽ߾ȫعߵ, ԼҲˣỲתûֱȥǣȥһˡ

ȥ֮ûʲôųµݹȲһЩ
̫ҽһ¥ºء
ͷûտԼƽһ£оԼˣȥտ
տΪ
տЩȵ̧һۣеľʮսô֡
տѰڣҩҪٸһġ
׼Ҳѯʣ΢Ц˵ã̫ҽġ
տ˶٣ֵ⹫վͻᵽ衣ֻ̫й֪ɷ֮һˣʱ⹫Ϊ
տ˵ţüȾϵźҽվǲ⹫
áͷѰȥߵ˸֪̫ҽ
տĥһĻ˵ǡѰû˵ҡտǰỲӰ
ʣһʰһá

տߣԲ¥ө͹ŽҴҿҲóĥөһš
дõŸսԲȥѰϡ
ϣ϶һҲŻˡ
ϷſţֻʰߡԶԶϺֽһ𣬱ſڵķ
һû˯ȥ˯һӲһ˵ᡣ
ҡҡͷ
żŶĺӣСѶգǸͱѰءСӣҲǵǳҲǶԺ岻á
϶ڡ
Сһ£ȵŤͷеģԼ۾
һ̣С֣ʹԼ۾
ûд͵СӵԲһ˫СҲϸϸġ
۾ǿСĸվЦţŻл㱵ⲻΡ
ˣּææϲŲǧԸʹȻеĻɤۣʲô˵
ҲСĸ֤վǰСĸģһδǰֵĻþ
ϵ۾һ͵վΪϥ̫ã͵СӸһ¡ܿסӣĵسСĸȥ
۾ſ˫ӭСӱڻ
ϰССĸؿڣһϵ
ļοСĸЩ˯һ϶Сĸһ˯òã
ţĻʹͷ
ȥ
ʰǿ첽߹ϣûϡ
ϵù澽᣷Сһû˯Է˴ᣣһ۴˵ˣȥʰҲ˳ȥŹغá
ҪǿԼˮСһֱĻıһͬߡ
ȶĻСʵؿޡſţŴЦ
֪ԼĸȥĸִغСĸѽСĸƽƽػˣ治ĸͲҲˡ
Լôʱĵس˯ˡ
Ȼ˯ˣŻ̾һûɿϣһֱԼҲ˯һֱ˯һʱϻ˯ţСؽһԣǺñӣ뿪
뿪ϵķ䣬߳ȥûʰӭ˵Ҫȥء˹ˣµĻ۽
ͷʰǻȥϴǧѧʱ򣬶ǧ˵ֻ۽û뵽մˡ
ԭջǧѧѧô⻨۽ֻϷûʲôֻø졣
ǧҲƳˣЦ˵һ֦𽴣ܶʱһ㣬ζ᲻´һ
Ỳϲ֦Цŵͷ˵á
ǧ᱾ˣԥһ£ѯʣ֪֪ôˣ
ˣãȻô֪ʲôˣ
ѽϱ°ߵĽѽǧüҲ֪ĴˣȻᵨȥӣ
ϻʵȥΰݺʱ˼ӣǧλݵͣг趼ûйȻûȥһĹ澶˵ϣһӱ°ˡһЩԼûȥ
ʱղӡȫλһӡûСǧ̾Ϣһÿ
ðΣŻع
ԣһѪȥǰСҲ׵ˣ
۾鳤۽۵׵һ˿ǳЦ

ҡ
ԥȰţҩ治ԣỲҩаأ
Ԫֱӽ˵ݹҩһӣСƿѿĺɫҩɢ
̾ϢԾͲԣˤʲô
ҲȷҩûáϾһ͹ġһֻ֪ɱˣӲ˵ˡ
ֺһ˿ҡ
ͷϧ׷Ĵĺɫҩ衣߸Źſڵĺɫҩ裬һ˫ѥӡ
һ̧ͷżỲ⣬ɫʱһףηקקԪӡ
ԪҲỲ⣬תһԣỲ⡣
ỲƵؼһҩ裬Ԫ߹ȥڣԪ꣬˭׼ˤۼҵҩ
Ԫɫڡ
˵˾ûһͷ
ỲЦһȻνɫĽе˵ļϡ˵˫ʶز˲
㣡ԪŭĿӡ
Ỳ⽫ҩݵԪǰ˹ؿڣɴ˰ҩˡ
Ԫҧгݡ

Ỳ뿪ңȥ
ϣ֪ϲη塣ŻżỲ⣬Цһɱҵģ
Ѱ˸ò¡ƽˣȥ˷˲Ỳ⻺ӣƵ¡
Ỳ⣬ʣڽ˷УΪʲôɴֱɱң
ỲЦЦСǺȡһǷŽУƵؽ˳ԣſڣۼҲƻͱ֮顣Բɱ㡣
˺óʱ䣬ͷʣ
ԡޢޢۼҺỲ͵Цš
Цˣ˲սϡѡ
ɱֻȥ޻ضѡ



149 
ֻǰ°˱Ҳˡƫƫ
Ỳ۾, ǰڵأʹؿڵϸӰ̧ѩɫմûв価Ѫ
㲻ò, ɼӦڷеʱգֿʼ¡ỲƵתСǺС
ЩˣԷŹ
, ܡ
ɱĻᡣ
϶ʱһ, æʣôˣɻã
ⲻܹʵġỲվߡ
ԭƬ, Ҫȥ׷Ỳ⡣ȻһҪżʱǰ͵ع, һ硣
һţ˼, סΡ
ỲվԭأŹغϵķ, ûлͷھƤιĴ㣬̧뿪
ȻỲȥǡ
ؽֽ, һ䰤һ䡣һϣǹӡ
ȥһҺأ
Ỳϵһһ, ǹ
Ǿȥҡ
ϲ̡Ỳվǰӵơ
ӵط, Ҳ۵ĵطʹĸǹζܺãƽҲࡣοµʱ, ϵĿ˱Ͳࡣ
ϲһûУϰ忴Ỳ⣬ЦǺǵӭк͹Ҫʲôǹ
ỲƵ߽ȥ
˴һỲ⣬֪Ȩ󱳾ʵҽ赱˾ͬԹ˺ܶס϶ỲشӾ˵ĴԹæؽŵĶ
ϲ̵Ĺ𻨸һĺζ͹ٳ˵ݹȥһ𻨸ỲⲢӣæ𻨸£˵ºɻ鿪ʱĺɻζ
ʲôǣỲʡ
ԭҪǰ̽Ỳ뵽һߣỲһһŹ̨ϵǹ
Ỳ˼ǹֽذ
װǹʱỲһĴϡǹһǩϣÿǹǲһɫҲǲͬζȥеǺ«˼ֻÿһǹҪǺ«ɽСһЩǹǩҲϸһЩ
Ỳһ
ЦǺǵ˵͹ôǣ⴮ˣǹɫǹˣӦû
ỲҧһǹϸϸƷζ
ỲȷǹˣСʱڹꡣִҲԹ
ʱǹǧѡʳµĴ
ԲȻҲûǳԣֻܿЩ˽ϵͷҪЦ벻ԡ
ỲЦЦҧһǩϵǿ顣
ԵǩϵĵʱڽỲҪļǶˡ
װˣ
ỲƳһۣȸǮ
ǮüЦһȥţ⣬ȥӳԡһһ߽װõļǹ˫ֵỲ⡣
ỲһֽӹȻеĴǴ̽˵ʺ
ϸϸǩз룬ֱӽ˵ʺ̴ϻЦ۾ȴ˲Ŵȣǿʺǩһ
⣬Լ̵Ľſʱּۻۡ
һĸǣŮ֣ǰС̰ͣʱ·Ҳأһһġϲ̣Сس
СġֻһȻȥĸ׵֣Ҳ˵Լǡ
ҡͷܾУôˡҲûǮǳˡҪȥ׵ġ
С죬ȻԾɻǣҲִҪǳԣԹԸĸ뿪ˡ
Ỳ֣˵廬ȥڵϡû۾ظѪӿʵԼȥ
ССǩ˵ʺļǩһ໹ǣһɫһɫ
ỲޱŸ뿪ǰһֿ֣ǶĸŮóĽ׷ּۻۣСԹվĸߣͷŵϵϡ
Ỳ⾭ֽһС
Сﾪȵ̧ͷһ˫ԲỲ⣬ĸףȴỲʳָڴǰ
С㶣ʹûи˽۵ĸף͵͵ӣȥỲ⣬ѾˣֻһӰ
СգգۣΪԼɣ֪ǣ·
ỲⲢ֪С뷨ҲȻ⡣ŻؼȥȥǿŻûõ

³ǰĳ룬иĺӡȥѰװŵģߵС̫ÿȥһŵҹ顣
˫гҹ飬е᲻á
룬񿵣ҹ齻ѰὫҹͳ͵С
һĥ˵ٰҴ仰񡣡
Ҫȥ񿵸æۻȥϸķԸ
ѡֺõĹͽаֺͰݣȻڻҲкܶ಻ĵطײŮӷ㡣Ỳ͹ˣҪȫεԼˡ
ȻˣԼѰֺõĹֻ˳ġҪģͲĹߡ
ʲôʰʡ
عתͷ򴰻ķȥɫ
ò־÷˯ɣʰЩĵѯʡ
ҡҡͷ̵صͷŽ񿵵Ǻҹ顣ÿһţۣʱվˣҪְɣ
һ뵽¶һҪỲ֣ⷢüͷ̾
ʰǸæ˵üͷѽ̫ҽ˵
ʰǣȥ鿴һվ
ȥԿһڱڳʲôˣȻմɱʱȫûעҹ顣
յٶ
ȻﱻҹΪ˿øִĵơ
ʰǸæһ磬ϣյƣӲżܺİȥ
ڰߵúһֱŵͷĿÿһҹɨŬֱǴֵġ
ʱʰǻ֪ڿʲôһˣҲŶŵ棬ϸ鿴
̵ؿʼ˵̺ʽѲ顣
ỲԶԶͷҶģһȹһƣ͵ĻɫƹϡһƬɫĵɫӰΨһᡣ
רңʰǱһǰĽŲʰקקӡãȻ̧ͷͣ½Ųǰ
ԶỲһƬɫҲ֪վ˶áһţĵ˵ء
عæȥȥصĵơϧеѾϨˡü̵վյѾ˵ĵƵݸʰǡ
Ỳ⻺Լ߹ԥһ£ʰ˵Ȼȥɡ
ʰǵͷǰյŵĵƵݸ
ƣһỲ߹ȥ
ʲôỲʡ
һ֧ҡˡɫˡ
ŶỲһ֧ҡҪҡҲ֪ĸ͵ġ
Ѿߵ˶Էǰ
۾ĿԼŵյƣĵƻϡءšһ˵ǿùѰҾԼң˵ʲôϲء
΢ͣһ£ȾϼֻϲⲻȻˡ
Ỳͷյǰ۾Ƶѯʣ⻰漸ּ٣
ش𣬶̧ۡ˵ˡ
ỲĬһſڣۼҸ뿪ֿʱ
Ỳ۾üЦӡ棺֪жĿʼϲ֪ʱһֱ˼
ԭ֪֪󲻿ġ


150 
㵹ĵյЩ, Ҳˣȴûոյһ֮ϨĵƻյĻ滹ȼţͨ, ɢĹâ
Ҫյָ⻹һҪȴһ, Ỳ⻻˸ƣյԶ, ˡ
ỲĻãЩյؽüͷ, ʣǲǲ̫á
ﲻãỲѯʡڵϵFץĽ, £һĿĽף׽һֻС, ѿϣ£ſȵĳָɿ, FᣬظFá
ĬFͷ, ƳһỲϵ·ֻ½Щ·ɾࡣקקỲ½, ҵĵطáѹѹ塣
ỲƳһۣͷЩ, һƴ˺ѩɫϡʶ̧֣Ҫϵ˿
ȴ˲һ, 㿪֣Һŵһ衣
㡢࡭͵ǻҺ;⡣
ỲףĿԼϡ
׼ԼƣסỲϸ֡ԽԽ졣
Ỳּģɫƿڣ࣬׼ۼҪˣҲ಻׼ۼˣ
˴ס˻ŶݺݵصỲһۣɫؾ棺Ҫ˵˵
Ỳ⸩չȥöͷüģ˵š
ˣỲ⣬һԵĵתߡ
ỲⲢûЦЦĵ˵ҹˣ
ĽŲһͣס
⣬֪ˡ
̵תỲ⣬ϸϵı顣ʵûƳĲˣĥŲỲǰͷҲֻԼŵĵơ
ỲЦЦվ˷½˵ڱˣֻǱ̫ࡣʡۼԺҧԲˡ
üʶؿʼֱҧˡ
ŵĵƣС˵Ҳͦõġ
ƫƫʱȼˣһĻﻺϨ
Щεס˿ڡ
Ỳӣ˵ҲС

ֹգտ⹫ңỲĸС
ʱ򻹲ң뱾Ϊĵļˣ֪ľɼиļ
ԴͲСˣΪԼǾͨҽˣ˿ȥᣬһ׷ҲûСִöûջ
տվ⹫ߣ쵽⹫̽ʱⳤԽǡ
֮Դ֡
ЦǺǵؿڣСǲû
ҲЦ˵ԲҲҲǷ˵⣬űһ
Ҳ˵ʵʱúܿܡҲһѪһ㡣
Դҡҡͷ˵˵£Ҳû
ȵԴ򣬲ԼﲻˡЩ꣬һԼ壬ʹȣҲܱȳ˶һЩ
ǶҪǣĪҪ̫أĪҪġԴЦ
Ⱳӣҽ˾ָĻߣĻУѵüǿġ
˵ʵСƽôѾͦˡȻһѾʼת͸ٱ缲ȥ䣬֪زǳ֮
۾˵ˡ
ΣЦ۾Դ˵ԲУɼ
տĿϡ
Դĥһ˵ĻЩεصͷ̾˿ŵˡһ¸дӡÿճʱһ룬ʮպٵҩ
ЦһʱƲֵ˵ԲҪһһҩһҪôѽ
ҲǷҪÿնʱɡԴȰЦҡҡͷ뻹ǸСء
»ϲЦ
Դٶɽɱ䣬ɾ˶
۾æͷСͱԴβϤĴҲܾĳ
Դд˷ӽտˡ左ûǣóһ͡
һƹ磬ϵỲȥ
пڴͷһ顣
տ⹫ܿˡ
ӡȻڿ顣߹ȥЬӣȻϣƹỲ࣬ڴ¡
ỲĿ֣˵ˡ
ˡ
Ỳ⽫ڴͷСһţش˸ǷŲŲỲĻ۾
ô˯˯ѽ
һ˯Ỳ˻֣䣬
ߣỲ۾Сֵ̽⣬ڴͷСǾ
һҽ顣
Ỳױ϶ѧҽԾûȤתѧ˶ҽͨרöҲҽֻҽԶĶ
ʼҽˡ
Ȼ˶ҽ

սתȣӱ˶ЩӦԽԽ鲻͵Ĵƫƫ¥ӲñҲһֱŴ󿪡
ת۵˰³ĶԽԽˣ·ҲüѺܶࡣȰЪЪɲ˵Ӻܶ²ܼ飬Ҫһġ
ͼһ˵һ߸ҪСС·
ƽʢ첽߽£糯˵ս򽫾Ҫˡ
üֻ
ʵ⼸һֱڴ̣ս´δͣҲ⼸꣬Դǰʮһֱս²ϡ
ʲôʱѯʡ
ǣƲ̫򽫾վҪƽʢ
ͷüļš
뵽
δ빬ʱ빬ʱҹŶıɹݻⸯõĴ롣ѡϵǻʱãȻһ󣬵պվڲͬ
ǵԼѺ͸ỲʱҲûԥȨۣȥзĶ򣬾Ҳģ
ϧ̾һ
棬ü˵Ҫǣ
á۾ЦɣʲôóԵĶ𣿡
˵꣬Ỳ¥ʣʲô
ļ澶վ
ỲŽ۾ʣ𣿡
Ỳף߽һǵݸ
̽ǺӴ򿪣óһԡǵζڴݼοŵ۾ЦŨ֡
˳ȥ
һ£ס飺㷽㣬ȥһյ
Ỳ˵󻨲պֻܲһֱûʲôỲⳢ
ģȥЦ˵꣬źߡỲߵʱỲƳһĶӡ
ҪóỲʡ
Щѯʣæ˵ӡĻвˡ
Ỳû˵ʲôѾ
ȥ֮æ󻨲衣Ỳ˳Ц˵㣬ոնӡĳƺˡ
ȥôˣ
ϱ͵Тһɻ顣Ӧøһƺӡɵ
һŻֶ˶ĻȥƬæҡͷ˵ҡ
˳ЦذˮҲٴȤ
¥ϣỲڴǰеһ߳źֿζǣһߵŲĻ衣
Զ̴˵̴á
Ỳ˳ĿƳһۣͬȻϾÿ̴¶һϵͷ


151 ̸
һ, Ỳ⣬ֻƵسǡ
Լµ˵Ŀ²Żļٻ˭˵Цƫͷ, Ƭɫ̴
ǰھʱʹֻͨĵط̴Ҳȼ̴㣬ỲǴŵ̴ζ
˹, ỲĸۡҲûù̴㡣ĸۡΧֵģҲ̴, Ǻġ
oй̴̴ĵ޴, ƫҲûС
Զ΢ηĴƬ̴ʣȺ, Ϊʲôɴɱ˻ʵۣЩսɺء
, ܶڳǵʹг𲻵ñỲⲻһ, ѡ³˵
ɱˣỲЦų˶Ҫġ𡣼Ȼ˶ӲȥĽ֣ʲô
û˼
ϵǧ, ŰɱˡԴϣȡﹻⲻıʽ
ð, ٵڣǰձصĽʿݶϾӡ֪Ϊʲôݣ
ỲƵ̧۾, Ц
㶮ˡ
Ȼ
Ҫⷬ裿
ǡỲĻشûһ˿ԥ
ۼ֪ûʵϵǻϣϱɵڶ˭ϣǻǧáỲ˶, ֻҪۼһš
ϥϵָ˲һŴ̴ɬѹȥϣ׷֣׷һ⡣
ָֹỲĸỊ̄Ҳܡ
ӲỲ޹̣ܡ
һ֡
תΪǷ鶯ѡ񲻻ͷǰ·ûǰ·ǿߵµʱ̡
Ỳüͷɬˡ
תͷỲ⣬ϣûС
ȻѾѡһ֣ߵյô֪ûб·أ
ڹ뷿ʮز빬֮Թʺ󲻻Ỳ⡣Բ֮㾡ȫذı
ɫỲ⣬Цŵ㻶ŮģӡǱѡˣΪӡ𡣡
ỲüǺ⻰˼⻰еЦ
ܶʲô
ӵЦʣɱۼңԾһ˵ɱۼ𣿡
ҪڣỲ˵ûеѡֻܶѡһ
˵ûɱı¡
С
ѡһ⣬ѡһ
Ỳ۾Ц
ᡣ˵
Ỳϵɫûʲô顣Ĵ𰸲⡣Ҳã֤ûǵȾڴ
Ỳ⡣
ԣ⡣
ƽٽһ䣺Ȼһ
Ỳⶢ۾һ
ԭѡ⣬ðʹʲôأ
Ҳ㹦һ׮ø±ӻ΢ЦųỲָ֣ҡ
ỲƳһϵֵ֣ݸ
һϵϡ
ͨϸϸĺúͨı෨һΪÿһͺϸһϸܵĽϸϸһ
ʲôỲü
Լġ˵
Ỳ⿴һۣƵ˵ﵹǴƽۡ´顣͵һ
ұʱÿһһ֡ĳ顣ҳƽϲ֣κһɮƽáСӣϵõĺһͷϡ
Ỳ࿴һϵĺ˷䣬ˡ
ԭսתȻӡԽԽˡ˵һǻۼ˵ġЩӡ޹˲ұӡ᲻Ǩŭأ
ỲĶס͵̧ͷǰ
ǳǳЦš
ůѣŨ鷭ҲͱӣѪģ
ỲȻúܿЦԼϲŭʹգǣԼżڲ
̧֣ȥỲա۾üۼЦֻ۾ȴʪġḧỲ΢࣬˵ҪѹŶܣҲ޵ġ
Ỳס߬סҧгݣǲǷˣ
֪˵ѹ֪ԼҲܡֺαĥѵֻΪˡ
ǣС
Ⱦ˵ѪĴڣֻΪ˸𣬷رڵΨһ壡
ǧں֮ǰЩȫɱ᲻ãҪζŰɱĿ.УϵһһɱˣǶȤ
ڣѾʼٽЩ˵򵥵ķʽ
롭
С
۾˺ܡỲָ֣Ȼ̧۾ת˻⣬˵¸¾ˣӡǵø׼
ỲϰԵҪʲô
üﻹȥ˼Ҫʲôģ㲻Լ𣿡
ỲһۣԭΪҪҪʲôѵǣ
ܺͬһյá۾Цţո̸İڣһɵŮģ
ỲתתУʣۼ𣿡
Ȼѽ
Ỳףۼҵš
֮ǰҸҪˡں졣˻Ỳ֣һȥɡ
ỲһԪÿμı飬˵ȷͷۼҲ£
˵û취ѽŮҪɵġ
˵˭أỲȥ
ԲõĻỲʱͣ˽̸Բνϵֻ˱ǡ
˵
Ỳһյղ裬Ʒһڣͷǲ
˿ҲżЦ
ỲĿĶϡиĶӺѲע⵽鱾ϸԻԡ߶ʱ˺Ѳע⵽Ķӡ
ڻˣỲʡ
𻰣żġ
ỲƳһ۲ֻһӣҲ֪⺢ӽû˭ģӦ
Ỳû˵ʲôƵƷŲ衣
ûķԸˣԲȥ
˵㣬ǰ˵ǰϲ⺢ԺߣТ㡣
˵ʱỲ⵱Т飬ЦЦ
ۼҶСûȤỲ˶٣̧ʣأ벻ҪһԼѪĺӣ
ںõ裬ĲˮȥĥһỲ⡣ǰⲻҪȥ²Ỳϣôش𡣿ȥĥϣĴ𰸣ǵ˼⡣
Ỳ⾲Ĭ
̾˿üͷ˵Ҳ룬Ҳ롣
Ỳü
ӣϣһ׹⣬Լ¶Ӷ񣬡ŶӺѿһѵ鷳£۾ﲻǲܳǳǸҪ¡˵ʱôôôôʹѪǺܿܵġвһѵë˵
˵˵ţɫʼסһԼĥͰԼˡ
ˣ˵ˡỲվǽ£뿪ˡ
Լعȥ֣ʣ˵һ𣿡
ỲͷյߺסĶ⣬ҧ䣬˵ҹԡ
ҹҹʲôҵǰǱš
ޢ֭
λ֣ɻ󣺡ʲô
֭
գգۣգգۡ


152 ʧԼ
ǡǡǸ˼𣿡ʳ, ־Լʳˡ
һ죬̽ſڣ޲Լ˵ʲô
Ỳһִα, ȥϸϸ
㶵ģӦҲЩٶۡӶޢ֭֭
Ỳ뿪ʱ, һģ
Ỳ͵͵Ц۾, ڴ
Ỳ⣬תת, еɵת˲䣬Ӧ, ҡͷʹҡͷ
Ỳߴģúÿ, չȥ۾
ˡỲͷϵıתߡ߳ȥ, ϵⶼɢȥޱỲ⡣
ӣԼ, ǹ۾תſ, Ŀڲյϵ˫ȵƣЩ
ûô߰飬ֻ, жѽ
ô׼Լϲƴϲ, þȫȥϲ

ʱտΪ
ϵľɼտѲÿһճʱøƵһЩ
տճ֣˵֮ǰࡣ
۾Цĵ˵ú£ﲻȥʳһֱϸҩһ벻ȱЩЧˡ
տпֹ֪ۡСˣÿôһ㣬ͻϲòСЦտҲüۼЦ⡣
û뿪ǲ׿һĹˡ
ȻѰ˸ڣ˶֧˳ȥ
տԥһҩϻİȡһͨѩ׵СƿСطϣҪĶ
ϻ𯶾
ϵĶɫ΢ܿعЦŵл鷳̫ҽˡ
ˡտ̧ȰЩʲôʲôû˵
տ֮ϵѩСƿһСصݡƹ磬ȥ
ϲɹеҲ
Ҳһз˽֮
߽Ӱ߲ѩ̺¡һŴϻ𯶾СطŽȥĶһ
УԭҪ
һһ֡
Ỳġ
һŽϣá
ϣԼԶⶾ
̵ţССһš


տ뿪¥ҩϻص̫ҽݿʼʰؼҡ
й̫ҽԺԶ義е̫ҽԺҺøŻʵ۹̫ҽҲȫ̫ҽҲơ
˵һֱڳؾˡ
Ҫ˵һֱ׼¶ѡ㣬²Żؾ˲ƣѡһΡ
⻰һǼûŮ
ãҺ̫ҽ̾һǲʱ磬ԸȬ˭֪¡
տһʰŶһλ̫ҽġܻе̫ҽǾȻҲ۵ˡ
տۣʰãҩϻߣӭǮ̫ҽ
Ǯ̫ҽͬڽ̫ҽԺտġ͵Ǯ̫ҽҪ࣬಻ԼĲҲҪȥֵ
еÿλ̫ҽ̶λеĹƽǮ̫ҽǸմ
տף
տ뿪oйصк⹫һ𿪵СҽݣҩϻΪæµšһֱææꡣҲûʲôԶԶŲ͹˰ӡ͹ˣˡҺȣŲ
Դѯʣˣ
տҡҡͷ롣
Դֹ˰ӡ

ỲʧԼˡ
ԥһҹﻹûȥ¥ϵĺժٽϵĺժһ࣬Ȼϵһ£ϱѩ¡
˽ȥɱˡ
ԭҪƷɱˣ뾡
ѪȾ͸ѩʱ̧ͷһ
ϻŵԽԽˡ
ʱỲűѪȾ͸صУϸϴĴΣŻϸɾ·
Ȼȥ¥Ѱһҡ
Ȼ¥Ĺ˸һʹӰ뿪йʱӦѾ쵽ˡ
û

Ԫʮ١
Դңе䳼ºӣȻҲҪź١
ҾˣڹûʲôȤպ̫ТڣԪǰͳϢءأ˾̫Тڣ˲ܹҲҪ͵ġ
ԪЩȤֻùܼҿ£򵥲鿴һûʲôĶսֹⷿصĶһ
ˣһ˳һٷˡ
Сùý᲻ѯĸס
Ҳ֪
Դϴε飬ˣһֱûлعңֻżЩ̲סȥǲǱʲôסˣⵣǡ
ͬ뷨ˣҲֹһ
ʣʲôʱ
Ծɲ֪̾˿Щϧ˵žûأȥˡϣԶûս¡
룬˵ôһģ
Ц˵ԼȥǰɡȻ˶ǳɳңĸ׵Ը游
ãӦһܵǰѯ游ȥѰ游
ԪŹȣͷ·ܹԪ꽫ĹȵݸŲùȣǰ
òϣȳ˵ȣںת
Ԫﲢ޻ϲ
˵游ٳÿһЩС
ԪҪ˵͹棬ˡ
Ԫ϶ʱһϲֺܿ콫ϵϲɫ
ȡ˵
æĹȵݸ游
Ԫ˹ȵ첽ǰߣȥŮ
Իʺ뿪йװ٣ǴӰĻ֪ױȻҲϲʼҵĳͣڸ⡣
Ԫϰ·ǰԺԶϵǰʱ̫̫ڻ˵
Ԫ꼱ߵſڣĿЩƵȥһۿ
ˡ
Ԫü
Ҳ˸ףæվɵغס
˰Ԫƿߣ̧ߣѰ
򵥵ĸ֣ȴͷʱһᣬæһȥףһ˵ף²ɺ׳
Ԫû˵ʲô߽ȥ¡
ޢޢô˰̫̫üͷϸơ
۾߹ȥЦӯӯ˵̫ˣʱԲ£Щ̲ס̰죬ҪһȦ
ߵŮԸȥѴӵù
ѾϥӦһȥ졣
ٶͣɩӸǡͽȥ㸸Ҫ͵˵ȡ
ɩɩǶôáЦŻܣɩɩأ
ڸ㸸ңŻһֱ߲һˡ
ͷʾ֪ˡ½ĿڸϡԪͷĬţûŮǵҳ
̫̫ҡҡͷٳ֣
̫̫üĿЩ⣬ɵһһش𡣻صǻɹԵŮ
һһ˵ĶѰĿ׻ȴӡ
Ԫһֱû˵ĬĬСŮ˳Ц
ֱỲˡ
ӡźүˣ档
ԣһ޶ҡڵ١
ļ˷׷׽ĿϣɫСĵģССڵسԡ
Ҫȥӭһӭ𣿡˳ѯʡ
ȥ
Ԫͬ
Ԫһ£һۡ
Ỳ⻺ſڣСɴ˰١
רĳŸ㣬Ҳһۡ


153 
˿, ٿǸЩεվ̫Ȼ˵ӡˡ
ỲƳһ, ŵۼȻɴġ
ԪŹվ˵, 游ȥ
ã첽СܵԪߣ游ߡ
ỲƳһ, ǵͷרĵسŸ㣬ȫȻԵĴڡỲתȥ׷Ԫ, ȻطԪСۣƵ˵Сɡ
ˣ
Ỳ΢΢, ԪƶƲ˵Ỳһ, ߣмЮֵ˼
ž۵Ѫ, Ԫֻҧš
ֱỲԪԶˣ̧ͷȥĿڸһȳһյͣһ, ỲӰϡ
ıӰʹҧһ۾ո, 񱴳ҧĲ۾ջĳʧԼĻ˶ձһҧȥôһ㡣
̫̫ϸɫ, ɣ˼Ц
һֱü̾
̫̫˵ջãѸ׼˵㶫, ø㡣
ʲôöѽʡ
һ֪ˡ̫̫һζĿ⣬վ֡
æѡٶĸ˵ĸףѻһ
˵ͷȥȥɣ֪Ҫ˰ֻۣ˵Ļ
ûеģæ˵
ЦŰڰ֣ȥɣ֮ǰ
áԹӭţѵ뿪ȥѵӡ
ֻʣһˡһ
ü˵һ
˵ͷ˵ȥɡ
ûߡվǰԥһСڣĸҡˡ
ʲôˣ˲
ͷϸָͷţѵóģС˵СùúǸ̫һˡ
̾˿ĵһǶӺͶϱ̸ʱˡҲϣֻ˵Щ鲻һСӹʵġ㿴㣬Դ㸸׻ǹŪܣаҵӡ
ͷˡ
˵־Լ˵ĻЩˣͷģʱ۵úڡ
ðΣСҶʮˣСˡ
´վǰСͬҪߡС꣬ͷִ˴ܣںվһ𣬾ҪˡǺһЩӵĳȡ
˵ˣƺѾȸǸֵ̫໹Ҫһ㡣
˵ţʮˣǲҪʼ׼ҷ˰
ŵ̧ͷĸʹҡͷ˲˿ڣһСأ
˱ǰһԴʶЦˣҡҡͷ˵ԼȥɡĸȥĸǱ߿
ûߣԹԸߣС˵ĸ
ȥקקĸӣѵ󣺡Сء
ѽҲٶָͷ˴üģε˵ǼҾһˣôˡ
룬ôҲʮꡣ
ҲС
ĵЦˣ񲻼ˣһֱĸ

ѻص䣬̫̫˶ȥȥ
۾ЦڴϲʲôöҪޢޢѽ
ꡣ̫̫ʳָڴǰʾȻɿ֣ڴ£ȥͷ﷭š
淭Ҷģŵ۾ᡣ
ǸڼˣõĻǲõĶӣϲѸռҲϲʰ飬ȴʰȤߵĶǺܹӴӱɴֵϸںã³ҲȻͬɫͬʵذڷš
Цڹ﷭ҵģ˼һСʱ
Դʮ꣬´ǼٵĴѵ´ˣҪҲźİֱȥѰѡԹڴߣѷҪı
Զкܶ౦
ѻС˵͵͵úˣ֪
ᱧĶͷе𣬺Լһƫ
Զƫ
֪ѵƫأ˶֪顣Ҳ뷨Ū͸
ΪֻܴڴڵغȿҩŬ޵ʱЦ۵˯ŵҹһϵһ㣬Լѹ
Ѵӹһ̴ľУ֮Ĵϡ
ʲôѽԿ׿ģ
ӴˣĶϵı˲佩סˡ
һź壬һӣмƿ֪װʲôҩҩƿ
̫̫֣ĳޢޢˣЩҲûбҪɻ䡣ǰĸӦ̹Ů֮֡ܶ飬ҲҪָˡܵѰŷԼޢޢЩһ֪ôˡ²͸Ӻ滹иСӡ
ҵͷӸϣȥĶ
̫̫ϵı飬˵ʲôû˵ֻǴȰЦš
͵͵̧۾һۣѸٵͷȥٻһһϵıҲѰʱ̧һᣬѿȥǵѵ֣Ҫѡ
̫̫ЦӦһŮʣСⳳ
ûС۾СֹǴӲܡ
ϣӲܿ㽾ġ̫̫Цȥͷײ˲ȥȥѵĸ첲˵ã
ޢޢҲúúõġ̫̫ЩطĦ֣е䣺ޢޢҪչ˺ԼΪء
ͷһ֪Ѳµôòؼҿ⡣ѲµˣǸ׺ĸأ
̫̫˵ͷЩ˸˵Ѹ٣ܻһأ
ѿ϶ܻһֹ꣡һ꣡
̫̫ԥһ£ż˵ޢޢҪĪҪѰ׷ͺڷˡ
۾Ŵ˵ޢޢҲҲһܻһꡣ
Ǿͺãֱ̫̫΢΢أȻؼˣȥɡ
áһڴӦ

ԪĲɣٴҧˣȻ֪ɺ㽫Թߡ
һûע⵽ͻζʱỲ֣סͣ
ԪعֹϹӽ¨Ĭص㡣
ֱ׼ˣԪŶͣվ
·еĹȴ˸θŻ˻ΣỲַ̧һѡ
ԪſỲ⣬̣վûסʳʲôŮˣ
Ů˽⣬ƢõòˣС£ŲǸӡ
ǣСȷ˴ˡỲףɫۼ۾ƫۼûס졣
㣡Ԫһӱ̬ըˣ̧еĹ˳ֳỲչȥ
ĴỲ⣬Ԫ귴סˡ
û뵽Ỳվһ㰡
Ԫ꾪㵵̧Ỳ⣬ỲȴֻƵط˷ϣûʲô顣
ԪתŹȿ첽ȥ
Ỳ⼸׷Ԫ꣬Ƶ˵Сɴˡ
Ԫֹ̾Ϣһ

˵ʱѾԪ£¡
ȻỲλӣߡ
ỲӣҲˣǿʼϲˮ
תӣỲ⣬ѡ
ﾲĵġ
Ỳ̬һڲ裬ڣζ
ٽİյݸ
һŲԪһǺסҵؿ


154 ά
㵵ת, ˼Ỳ⣬ɫ糣˵Ѱһ仰
ܿ췴Ӧ, æϯߵߣḧŸ׵ļ
Ԫƫһڻ, Ŀ⸴ӵؿỲһۣµͷ, Ŵ
صỲһۣ»صλ¡
һΡ
ҸŮʹ˸ɫ, վԪ˵游, ף綫ٱɽ
ԪŬ˻ɫѵسһ˿Ц, ˵ԡ
˵游ҡĸһֱڳءĸ˵Ĳóԡ
ϱˡԪ˵⻰ǿסʮһֱТţڵǼ, ϱĽǶϵĸҲͬҵ׹Ů
ӦġЦŷԸŮ, С
ȻӦ£ӹŮݹĵ, ˶Сгһһ顣ϯ˺ŬԼỲո˵ľĿ·ɫϡ
ỲתתĲյ, ȻƵسƹȥ
Ҳһең۽ǵƳỲƹĲյڲյεˮ
̵ؽϥϵ̧, յ裬ʣµİ뱭ˡ
˶ڿң˺ƶ˵ֻۣƳỲݹȥǰյˮˡ
ߡԪصƺһ
ỲȴβԹЦԪ꣬ƵؿڣСҲףɴ˸綫ٱɽ
Ԫֻ̫
Ԫ죬˵ʲôǷƴʹɫֻұ졣ȫʲôҲûһ˫ֵݸԪЦŽӹ
ԣ
٣
ң
ӲͷƤյˣ˵ĲյҲٴη´ϥϡ
Ỳֺܿ츲С
ָͷ⣬ָȥշתʮȤζ޳ָָ죬ա
һµСֱǿʼȲˣ֡ҲٽִϥˣǷϣ硣
һ𽥰ҿʼԶˡ
ĥһŬԵỲĴڣ˵ҳһŲȵζ˸ͣҲƵζϡ
ӸǲܾòСʱĸʱĺóԡЦ˵
̫̫ҡͷζһģǼСʱ򡣡
ҲǡЦ˵
һƵϣͺάȥ
ҶЩǣޢޢϲʢһݸ
ҪȥӣỲһ̧֡
һ£ŽӸݸỲ⡣
ỲŽӹ֮󣬶ȻطߣһСӣŽС
ԥһ£ʰһ
һ˺ҪʲôӸеһ롣
Ԫ꿪ڣԲ˾ͳԲˣαء
ֳİƸỲ⣬˻ȥ
ɫ糣Ӳ˲ָմһӸ΢Ц̧ż˵Ҳϲʳ
Ỳ΢΢ף
ϸϸƷάĸо
òͨƷʳ򿪵Ļֽסٴ΢
Ỳ̬ӣҨһӸһƬ׿ڵҲԵԡ
ðΣԪڣӼ˹
̫̫ȰЦţ˵ٳЩá飬үҲʢһӸ
æӦ£ʢһӸԪǰ
ԪӸԵȥ
˺ϱַЩۣٴνʳϡ˵³ӵζܲ˵³Ӽ義¥ĳúóԣ
һٷڳˡ
ȣ̫̫ҪݡظЪ̫ôˣһȥ㡣
ӡʲôʱ뿪˵˽նỲ˵ĵһ仰
ȥˣͣ½Ų
ۼ
۾ûʲô飬ֻǵͷ㳯ȥ
Ỳȥ
㿴ңҿ㣬˵ʲôζһ˭Ҳû˵Իȥˡ

ص뷿Ỳ⻺ȥ
ʰͣ½ŲûȥὫŹϡ
ڷŹغϵ֨ѽУתỲķ𽥹غϣ׹Ҳ𽥱롣ֱŷҲϣҫĿ׸ﰵһִӴֽ͸ģ͵Ĺ
ŽĿỲϣỲһֱ
ޱ飬ȴһ̣͡
ӡæҸٳС»ͷһˣࡣƵ˵
Ỳģ۵׵˼֡һ
ϰԵ̧֣΢ָ
ЩٽЩȻ뷨跨Ȼ֮
ƫһ֣࣬ܿܿߣȥ
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Ƕϲҡ˵͵͵ģһߵֺƲ
Ȼһ˲ĻҡֱֵϣҪƿĶͣ
ðΣССؽૣϲ㡣
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ʱع
أ
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˵ȣûȵšü̧ͷ˵һ
šỲ⺬Ц
ظһ飺һ
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Ỳߵۣתͷ
ỲƵĺ󾱣׼㿪
Ȼ۾˵ˣţ
µĻû˵꣬ѱռеĲ˶Ỳ븹С
ȴỲת߬½
˵ŨΣִã۾Ỳ⡣
ۣǵרע

ͷˣҵĳҲ׼ףȥ¡½ɽϣһɽ·ֻͨܲСɽ֮ͣȹȥ
̫̫֣Ȱ˵ǰȥɡںЩߡ
ޢޢѡ˵
̫̫ҡͷ˵ĸһֱ㣬ȥĸס
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̫̫Цҡͷ˵㸸Ƚţÿ
̧ͷȻŸסһȳһɽߵӰž;ᡣ
С⣬˼вУ̫̫ЦỲ⡣
ȻỲº͵ػӦ
࿴һۣʱǹ⽫֧ҪỲⵥ˵Ỳ⣬ʹˣ߲̫õɽ·һΣЪЪš
ỲףѾߵ̫̫ߣС˼Ҵš
ٶ࿴һˣ첽׷ǰĸס
Ỳ̫̫ߵúҲ˵ÿһỲ̫̫ͣЪһЪ
̫̫ıӰ˵ңûһ̰֮ˡֻǶޢޢãûá
̫̫ƵĿỲ⣺Ѳ֪ޢޢжϲ㣬Խϲ㣬ԽʹࡣΪԼĶ񡣡
᲻˵ѹ


155 
ỲĪЦŶ˵Ļ
ԭսת, ԴӡԽԽˡ˵һǻۼ˵ġЩӡ޹˲ұӡ, ᲻Ǩŭأ
գϲϺȴһ̸ܵ˳ǵ⡣
ָ̫̫Ỳһ顣
ҵĺΪӲ̰, ʥּ͸ޢޢԭ׼˶, ټҹȪ̫̫̾Ȼޢޢ, ǴСĺӣһһաʱһ, ôء
̫̫ԸĲ϶˵
ǿԼ˽ܺѰɣ̫̫ỲĿдŴȰ
ֻҡͷ, ˵ܵġ㽫гһϹȥˣҲԶͬ㡣
ỲĬš
, ⲻսܣʿɳϣͥʧȥɷ򡢷ͶӡνЩ˵, ޢޢҲҸһ֣صĽʿ, ǵľʶɲ
˵ĻֱӡôҲ˵ơ
ҲЦҡɴһףʹӹ, ҪսСΪĲϻ壬ǽµأһһͨļͥ
̫̫˵˺ܶࡣ
ỲϹǳЦ, ֻ۵ĮȻ
֪
֪
ƶΪΪǹֺγһͲ¡̫̫иۣϧ
Ỳ⺬Ц̫̫ɫҲºͣѣۼһ˺޵³ˡ
˵ƮƮġ
֪ΪһôѪ
̫̫üỲһȻʣС⣬ɱˣʲô㿪𣿡
ỲԶɽҡͷûС
̫̫̫ˣʣҵޢޢ㣬Ҳģ
Ỳ΢̫̫ȫû뵽˼˵ô
̫̫˵ҡҡͷվǰˡ
Ỳȥ˼Һܲƿִ֣Լߡ

˲ࡣ
Ỳ̫̫ϵɽϵʱûпˣֻһ˹ڸߴķǰ㾭
ڽǩ̨ĸɮۣϵķ顣㾭ãž޲Ļۡ
λŮʩΪ¶㣿
˫ʣµ꣬Ż۾̧ŷȱЦ˵Ϊȥ޹㡣
ӷ𡪡ɮҡͷλŮʩ࣬˺޹ˣ
ŴȱķӣĬã˵ģġ
Ỳվ⣬ңңصϸӰ
Цһų⡣
ֻɵ˷Ц
ǣ̲סΪĻɵУߡ
̫̫̾ҡͷһ̧ߣһһ߿ڣޢޢôһˣǶȥ
æӭȥ
Ƕں档
סѵֱ̧ۣ۾Ỳ⣬͵͵ȥϵı飬֪ʲôʱġ
۲ۣȥЪһЪɡ˵
һ͹ȥ
ͷ˵á
̫̫Сɮӹ𣬳߹ȥ
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ỲⴹۣĿϣ࿴һۣ˵Ҳ߶
ֵֹģ״Ỳ⡣Ỳȴ̧۾ׯϵķ
ܶ˭أ
Ц
ի̻ؼҡʱɫѾ
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˺ԥ͵͵ӹΪ鷳ֵŮܲ˼ĥ
ȷˡ
Цŵͷ˵Ϻͼһٻȥ
һ˶ܻϲ
̫̫ʹкܶ໰˵ɵԲҲˣǶشط֮úݸ裬ЩЪš
һһӦ¡
Ԫһԡֱ뿪ԶıӰĿߵỲϡ
ߣԪʳ
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壬ȷһղһա

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Ӧһˡ

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ԶԶɫ֪·ʲô¡ƽʢƽﰮЦ¶ɫ
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ƽʢ˿ĭżѵؼ˵ȥ˹裬һֱѡͰؾСǳ˲ƹΪɣȰ衣˸Ǯķӡݡڹ磬áüλ顭
ƽʢ˲ϵ亹ȥ±ƽļλ󳼰ο͵Ľɫѡӡһһǧ
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ҡͷȻЦûôҪ


156 
տõϢʱ, ںǮ̫ҽһӡ̷֪飬ʰҩϻ, 첽ߡ
Ǯ̫ҽտıӰü, ·뵽Լ̾һ, ҡҡͷ
տʱڴǰ, ġһ˵ɽˮͼ
տƳһͼ˵ôˣ
Ŀۡ˵ʱ, ġ꣬ŷ±, ߵһַϡ
տ߹ȥ, ǰרĵظֺտʣпѪ
һ, ˵ûпȣֱ³ġ
տ, ָʲôջǳĬףƽ˵á
һá֡
տӹµݹֽ, д·ӡνӣһֱڳԵҩҩҪͣŸġ
дҩ, տʰ˶ˡ
ûпտתͷĴƬ̴
տһۣҲٶת뿪
տġ
տŲ˲ͣתѯʣﻹʲôԸ
ĿԾڴƬ̴ϣʣһԻã
տŴûпڡ
Сʱ򲡵ʱҲʹ⡣
Ŀƹ΢Цտѯʣʮ𣿡
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ȻһЦͷˡ
տȴһɫɬ˵᳤ꡣ
ЦţЩ꣬Բˡ
տ˵ʲôȴ֪Լ˵ʲôܶʱﶼǲ԰ġٴתͷ⣬ԭؾĬվһһҾת뿪
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ƽʢһ䡣
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һۿ, ʶѿڶ硣
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ûԸˡͣ½Ų, ת·ߵŮиɻ
ͣ˽Ųͷһ˵ֻһ˲, ٴ̧󷽷ضĿ⡣
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㡣Ѿϳеɻ˲ɢȥһĨɫ
ض࿴һۣԵѵöһ䣺Ŵ겻˺öࡣ
ĪԼܵ˱Ļϲ𴽽ǣõЦ˵һܼأ
бҲŹһ˿ɽϪǳЦҲٶԣסϥ˸Ů
̧ͷߵĽ뿪ˡ
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½ŲҴǽƣ뿪֮󣬻ûͱʵ˽ˣ
˲۾


158 
, һ¥Ŵ󿪣ɫʻ辰̨ϣһƬȻ֮Сɡ
ֻ, Ļ̻̣ЩǾһ𣬲ʱǰ, ˶Ĭš˼̻ĥջʺǹν¡
Ϊʱ, ʺ
һŽϣСѿѿСѿѿڼӲڰ֮Уʱڵ
һβǺ˷, ǴĻʵۡں֮µСѿѿð
˶ڳĬнʱ, ڵȵ˻ʺ¥ֻǻʺŲҴңɫҲÿ
˶, ϹϾ񣺡ʺ򸣽𰲡
ͣ½Ų˿, ƽڣȥʵ˵仰һԻ
˵ͽŲҴҵ뿪˺¥
ԶıӰЩиɻ, ׻ʺｫ֮ΪʲôͻȻˣ

³ŵùˮ͵ġǰ, ȴû̫˼Щˮ͸ϡ
°
ʱͯĶͯɣÿһȴҧ
ϡ
, ʺ˹裬ͽСԼߡ
¥ϴʶԼѺܾòСڹС̫Ϊˡ

ڻʵǰ, ŻʵۡʵΪʲôй׻ʵ۰й֮Ϊһ仰˵ùŮ˵ĺˮԡ
ûԡ
𣿡ʵѵûһ͵ɤ͵ģ΢Ŀ˵һ˵Ĺ졣
ҡͷ
ŶЦĻʵۣŵģǸƴسʱʵεһ幥УӵؽԮݵȥøصĳǳǡ
еıʹһտʼ֮ҵĶһһ⡣
ǸʱСվ⣬ŷ游Ŀиߴ游ȳ˵ȣڷǰŸ׵ʹޡ
ǰЦĻʵۣķŭҪѹס
Ǹ嶯ˣȥѻʯ顣֪ʵкܶƴҲδȡʵͷ˵빬ܴС
ʵ۲ô̬ȣץץĸ첲ƫƫԽץԽָ϶ץ¡ǣϣʼðʹ
ʵڶץӸ첲ĶסЦѯʣ
ŬţѰش𣺡ʮ
Сءʵ̾˿
ʱ󣬿Ļʱ񳤴
ʵĿ⣬ǲͷΪʲôһҪأ
ʲôأ
ԸԸڹʺ󣿻ʵˣʺŮˡʵ˫ִϥϣóƭСӵ
Ѿ׻ʵǶ˼ͻСһ˲両˻ҡ
Щ꣬ʵҪŮˣĸûսУ
ɫʼףʶΣСΣŬѹȥֹ۵룬һϣϵСùõļƻʵʩֻʣ˲
ϲ죬빬ҲáСùߣʵ۸Щлʯ٣
С̫ŲҴҵ߽ʺˡ
ʵ˲üϻаָոյºͺƢ뽫ʺߣԥһǷԸ
ѾһվСùý̿첽ߵСùߡ
һۿ϶࿴һۣ΢˿̶ɨʵ΢΢ϥ񣬿ڣ밲֪ôܵ˱߶ŵˡ
ʵüû˵
˵ȥ빬òңҲǡؼҡ
²ʵۻԭûʵ۶Ỳη壬ߡǣʵȫû˼
ʵ۽Ŀϣеɫ˲ѯʵվѽڣڹ磬Ҳòã
ʶתͷ
ᴹ۾
˵áСùù
԰ӹһֱûô˵ʻ𣬸ҲԣӦ빬ʵ۶ʱˡ
¶ϲã˵Щ㵸úúáʱһҪʱ򰡣йҪ󳼵ļҾҲͬ졣
ʵ۹Ц˷ܵ˵޵Ů˲ܰЩΡǵӣҲһʱ򣬾ٰݻ磡
˼̧ۣ㵵ʵۡ˵ҪգŮٽ
Ȼãնٵȡ
ʵЦˣĿһƳ񣬺Ȼ˸¡վǰ˲񣬶źɫ޵ݱ
ʵۺȻηֱӵ
˻ͷ˵ڿվǰ˲ݱ˰֣°ɣ޷ˡ

뿪ǰȻƤգգۣС˵СùòֹҲƻ
ԭļƻû롣
µЦţ˵Ҳá
СùĲֹԼʱϲֲսļ

뿪תص¥ȥõĹ
ôԶ·ЩֹĹǣߵ׵λ׷Ը£һơ
ǵͷĦ
ӹµľƣŮǣ˵ٻʱڡ
ǸæŶƱһͬоơ
Ŀɬ΢Ц˵ˣԱ㡣
԰գ¿˵ľףźصȹڣ¥ȥ
ͽ

ص޵𷢼Ρ
¸æӭȥæСʳɻ󣺡ˣūΪ
ΪҪı𣿡ᲦŪױ̨ϵһֻҡϵգ̫ͬˡĲɲ⣬˿š
׳ȥȻȡ
еʶӵˣ
ɫ֮ǰỲûƽʢȥ˵ˡ
Ỳˡ
ỲʱУ˯š
Ỳ߽߸һӾ
ˣҵ˺þáԺۣ롣
ۼʲôҪۼҵĹ𣿻ǡ
ỲĻû˵꣬졣ӭȴ
Ỳ⾲ĬشƳָѹѹ۽ǡ
۽մһᡣ
ӵỲ⻳׼ߡ

գỲߣĬùţȻٳĬ뿪
ڴߣŴ̴ԶĽŲ
ǽ˷֮ỲⲢôԤǺͷսȻԤҴذܡ
ֵġ
Ҫÿһκнսܡ
֪Ȼ֧ԮôأȰԼѾǰĸˣӦѡŸ
񿵽ŲҴҵ
һֱûзɵǸٴνʣַʲôˣ
ܱ򽫾ʮǰѵ˱أ
ȥ⡣
ȵȡ
ʮǰ
սϢӺԡʮǰʮǰҲ֪ᱻݰ
񿵼˵͢ݵϢ͵أصĽʿˣ췴ˣ
˽
磿
ǰ֪ᱻݣ
ǡǰ˸磬ñص˸췴
˭
͵̽ͷ⣬Ƭ̴ỲıӰ
͵һȻѡ
Įӽʿ
ĮӣȿҲ
ҪģЩ˵


159 
˵˶Ҫġ𡣼Ȼ˶ӲȥĽ, ʲô
ỲýһĸΪỲȥصҡ
Ҫҳꡣ
ʬĿġ
ỲӰԶ̴֮, һ˿½Ҳܼ
ȥɫ
ƽʢƳһһԵ, һ, ܼҹҹѾ˼ų뿪˹, ϸȥˡ
˫˲˵׷
ƽʢЩ, ãȻطʣڣ׷
ҧɫе㷢סð, Żҡͷ˵ˡ
ƽʢ񿵶һ, ֪ʺôˡ
˻֣ȥ
ƽʢˣ°תͷ, ̴ֵľͷ
˷˵ĵط뱱زԶ֪س¸һϹȥ֧ԮµõỲ²
һ, ײỲӵʧǰָỲ𱸡ỲֻƫͷǳЦ, ۼڰ˻ɱˣ᲻ɱۼң
˵Ҫ
˵ã˹ؽҪĶñ, ˵ۼġ
ۼһŵɱκһˣڵˡˣļѼţ
ǣŵ
ðΣĽԼĿڣȥеظԼġ
Լ
Ӧ飬һû
й
͵վҪݣҪƿżܺİҪȥڣ̣ϡ
ûߵſڣ½ŲҴҵ¥ɹˡ
յİٻ֮󣬵һˣɡǶߵŮĺס
˹裬Ϊˮ϶ʱʱֲš֮ûյİٻ磬Ҳû
ɼżɽһ䣺Ҫʲôĺ׷档
ʱУܸŶ뿪źٲ
һ˲䣬뵽˶㡣뵽ĺվڶߣͶ˵ЦĻҰ׾ɾ
áͷȥĺ׵֣ظһ飺á
ʱ˺Ҳˡ
뿪ż˺ˡһ΢Ц˵һｹš
̲סȥỲʲô
ʲô϶һˡ
˺֮󣬳վڴǰֹλߵǰ˵ϴ˵Ķԣ³չʳסûʲôõ顣
̧££Ҫҵ˼ϴΡ
֪´ĻЦ˵ˡȥЪһЪɣȥҲá¿Щӡ
Щ¡
Цţ˵µȷûʲô¡֪⡣ܰáҿԡ
ųµ۾𴽡
˵ã˵㵱Ȼġ
һ̾ƺ̫ˣת˲䣬۾ͷӦһ㡱
ΪһֺγǴСͰǸԮֵĲСﵱ

վ߳ȥһһ¥ݣ¥ϵȥ
ָǽϣȥڵĽȡڣָĸǧܵ˲ｷȵ¶ȡ
֪Ỳⲻϲȡ
ʱӦһ㶼ɣ
ηʹ˹գҲʱʱ
Ȼһһ¥ߣվС첽¥ƿݵķšƹ磬ûżܣ۾Ǹɫʰ쵵
յֺԼϥš
վԭһ˲ع㣬һԵĲżСܹȥϴſɵѩɫ£ϲŵЬҲǵӱЬ
·ϵ磬һߴһߵİﱼšܿܳܽƬ֡
裬ֳƺĳǡһļźġ
죬ĵķҷӢڱܵϡּŴƬݱİվգɫޡֵؿڣѹű紵硣
ЬӺּܱʯӶġ
ǰ·ɫĺƺûоͷá
ǸһǸ⡣
ڸϵỲĸۡĸۡλƧ֮أҲһµش
ۡԺſţԶԶ˳ڵ϶Ūһֻ˹
˳Ų̧ͷһ
ӡأʡ
˳վָ˸
첽ԺȥΧ֦ԣ׶࿴һ֦ۡѾˡ
ڼỲ⡣
ƮŴƬĺɣỲһվڹϣĵسеʳ
ֿһʱӺ¥ҲûжáңңỲıӰһ˿Ļͷ
ͣ½Ų˿ֺһ±ҵĴųỲ߹ȥϹţվỲߣһųŵ
Ỳû˹ؽӽˮУźԾˮ
Ӧˣʡ
Ŵû
ỲЦһʵۼЩʧԭΪϻᶯֶۼҡȻֻǱۼ˯
Ϊʲôô룿Ϊʲô붾㣿̧۾Ỳ⡣
ǡỲЦһʣȻأϻ𯶾ѵǸۼ׼ģ
ԾƵسˮʳѲת
Ŀһ¡ֺܿ콫ĿƹỲ۾˵ûҪ㣡
ŶǾԺ󡣡Ỳͷۼĺϣ֡ۼҶˣȻһǶȤ
Ỳ͵͵Цţɫ۵׽Ⱦ˿ķ
Ỳ⣬Լ࣬ϸĥỲ⻰ĺ塣
˳ŲҴҴԶϹҲԥһ£֪ҪҪ
˵Ỳ⿪ڡ
˳ӡ֪ҹҹų뿪衣һװŵĶݡ
۾
ỲƳһۣƵظһеӡ֣֪
Ỳˣڰ֣˳¡
֪͹ĵܵܡڰ;мòɵЦۼֱӸȥ˾СǸ˹ϵҲﳶϹϵˣۼôϵɵӣỲûʲô飬Ҳ
ûϵ͹硣ȥұ硭
ۼҸոջĥϡỲ㷭ʳɻأҲУΧʳ㡣
ĬĶ
Ỳѩϸϸز֣ȻżϵĺġƳһָϵĺɫĻ꣬ӽء
ԣϱۼңץۼҵ̽ȹͱʱǱˣỲ⵭ʡ
ģỲĻܲ˼飡
ҹۼһ麰ۼҵ֣ѵΪֹۼ֪
죬۾ظұ硭
Ỳָ̧ȥ۽ǵʪ⡣ƽº͡
ʣѹʲô
ỲЦЦ
Ҫûʲô
ˣβӦõ
ɵӲŻˡ
ˡ
ǱĹ
İӱҲ
Ỳ⸩յǰЦΨһģûۼ¶
Ỳиϧ
еۣЦ⡣
һжļƻҪۡ
˵Ҫذ
ʹ
ǿ̫ˡ


160 鶨
, Ỳⷴ°͵ĳָһĺ̧еıỲС
ʱ, Ҳ
Ỳ۾ĥ˵Ļģи˾, ŵʣϵˣ㽫һƺãһʲôӦļƻ
, ԼƮԶ
Ỳ⽫ԼıӾչָ
Ƶ˵֪ɵӽһ𣬵Ǽƻ֮⡣
Ϊʲôʡ
ỲЦһ
Ϊʲôٸһ, ۺĿģӡ˱һϲһ˵ķʽ
ȻأỲתҶ
, ʲôʽϲһЩأҵϲԴ֪ҵʵ, Ӷ
ỲĬţû˵
˵ڡ
ü, õỲĲ
еԱˣɢǱˮ¡ζˮ, 𽥻ָƽ
ٴתͷỲһңԶĺҶ
, ҶԸ˵ĻǼٻЦһԭ, Ҳҡ
ỲüȻһƵʹ
ܲң˶ܲҡ, ̫ˡʹǧǧҲ޴鶯
﹬¹󣬵·ϾһСһͬɽӺٵ¥Щ˵ĳĺĺʲô
Ỳ׵ɫŨ
Ϊһ̲סЦŻϲΪϲԼŻչ¶ЦաΪһˣϲ֮飬ΪϲŻۡ
һۿõᣬڹ׵գ׹
ҵġ
ỲȻһ¡
ͦεع¶ţңңԶĺɾһִڻϣ޳ָһûһߵš
ϡ
˵ʲôۼ
Щ˵ڵĻѱ͸ȴĿ͸
ϡ
һˮ۾Ỳǧ֮ӡһһ٣Ǹų򡣡
ỲߵʯĶͣҲµȻ۾
ֵһʼ˼ԼǲǴˣǲǲݽⳡ鰮
˵ĸ飬Զֻһ˵¸ңܻĥ
Ȼת
ǣֻǰһ˺̵ʹԼĿڣŬȥԼġ
Լ侲ǡ
Լ
ҪĽ
ᣬģ塣ִزһƬɵˮû·ǰ·
ϵܵʱˣع߬ȭϸָ
ĵףҲƴҪս
𴽽ƽڣ⣬ҡı䡣򣬴ӽһϡʹ飬ҲڳȥӴҲǻǿʹࡣ˵
ѡٸỲһᣬҲǸԼһᡣ
ʢĵķش
Уϸ΢ֻз紵ĺҶĦ
ûУûĽŲɬʧû࣬࣬ȺһӵҩҪࡣ
ʢů׹ߡ
۾õ䡭
Ỳ۾۽һƬ󲽳ȥ󱳱ס˫ۻϸӣ˽ؽڻ
ֱ£ӵ޲ýԼ
˵˵Ǿı䡣
˵ڡ
ڻֻ޴صظޣޣޡ
Ϊ̫ӵʱ˰һʣһ˶ǡ
ţֻΪ
ΪĶ̶껪ôôôȵذòΪỲ⡣ΪỲ֮Ҳ
䡣
ԣ䡣
ǲ֪ƶ񣬶ǲòѡ˶Ϊ̫񣬲Ÿ䡣
䡣
䡣
ôͣƫƫ
ãһ˶ʮΡ
ʮ꣬Ỳݣٴαȵذšֲ֣̿š
ٵİɡ
һǼٵġ
С̫ɵˣһջġ
ǣ¸ҵײΰ
Ҳ
һˣŰ׹ǲ
һ֪ʲôԱӴ˱סڵ
һ˰
ôܷߡķʽһȻͲ׼롣
Ҫذ
ֱ𽥼أỲֱͦļĺ󾱡ԸһΣ˵Ļ
һΣһβȫģڿް
ǿűаӰŲܴϲ󱯵࣬ҵţҪƿء
˵Ϊı䣿
Ϊıʲôأ
飬ŵ֪Լܲŵ
˵䡣Ψӵ˿˿Ƶ¶ȡԶڵˣ¶ȡů
ỲĬ
Ỳֱ۴ʹСؿţ᲻ҪţһŽһֻ˵Ļؿ޸ʹ졣
ðΣ֪󾱵ʪỲᡣ
Ҫģһ̵ֻ߬סѪģʹϢս
˱˹ģҪһֱġ
ȫ෴ĵԡ
һ̣󾱵ʹӳˣ֮ȥ
ϣȻЦݡ
̧֣Ỳֱϸָָ죬һЦ˵֪
˵Ҳ˵
Ǳȡ
ˮϴЦ
ܿġ
ҲӮѽ
ϸָͷĥỲĳָ˵һ·ܹ㣬·ûЬҲûıʯӶѵú۵ġƫ㻹ҡ
Ỳֱɿ
۾һתЦȥỲ⡣
ȻѽеǸĮƽ˾ӡỲ⡣ϵᣬûдڹ
ֻỲĿԵزĨȥᡣָ̧֣ȥᡣ
ٿڣ᣺޿޿ޣ֪ޡ
𴽽ЦֻỲɵЦ͵͵ЦһЦţһȥҡỲ֣Цʲô
ЦǻᴫȾġ
ỲɫҲȾЦһȥᣬһһ»ĸαۼҵСڡ

ֱʳָỲĴǣ໮ȥӲǸỲ⳶һЦ
ỲӯˮЦ
һ̣üͷȻ֣ת˫סԼĶӶ
ỲƳǰ˵ľɼĽʹطˡ
ûԼĶӣٿʹ༫ˡ
ỲüҪȥ̧̽ʪСίһٸҷһ´
Ỳ΢ŵ͵͵Ц
ۼҵСڡỲᱧ
Ĳӣľࡣ
ỲⱧҵĺ£ǰߡ
ۼôǵһЩŮӲͬʱµڡ
˵ҵӡãŲҪýܾ
Ỳͷ¥߽ݣϣԼһ¡
ȻѾ


161 ӵ
Ỳ⸩, սƣѡ
õıӣԼ¹, عסỲĲӣ۾
Ỳöͷײһüģһ飺Ϊʲô˵ѣ
չȥһĴ, һ˫۾ЦҲ˵
, н۵Ц͵ݸỲ⡣
ỲҲչȥ΢ĴĴ˵ۼΪF, ֱԱǡ
Ųǣüִչȥӵ, ˲䣬͵͵һ, վã㶼һ
Ỳֱ³, øЩ
Ỳͷ˵ۼҿĽš
ŶɿỲ, ˿һЩ˽ľ롣
ڱŲŲ, һ˫Ŵӱ̽ЬӺܱӺܹѵۡҲֻһ۰ˡ
ỲסĽ, ָġЬӵȻСʯӶѵۣҲʲôˡ׳һ, ҲûԵġ
һ
һһ˵ովϵʱЩۣ㲻ˡ
ỲƵزŪĽֺƺֺϵ·ҲʮָȤ
ûҲˣǽŵϥֱýָͷ˴Ỳ
ỲƳһۣ˵̫ˡ
ԥһ£ٴ̽СţؽֻСŵỲϡ
Ỳ˵Ҫҡ
һصôߵıСˣһֻҲӱ̽ĿŵỲһա
ȷỲĪһ䡣
Ǻ˼ʣȷʲô
Ỳûлش𣬷Цһ
һ̣ỲץסϸСϥļϡĶΧ°ıɢ
һ£˲䷢Ƕô߳ܣЦ̼һƬæҵȥñҪһڣȻָոӣӾͱỲȥ˳ӵ˴ࡣȥѩɫĳ㡣ûӣѩ׵п㱻Ỳһӡ
ҡ䣡ҵҽڡ
յգ㺹ʲô䡣ỲСȵ𽥸ƣ˹ظתȻƫͷѹȥ
߬Ŵ죬ƺҪͣˡ
ỲȴȻ͵͵Цһ̧Ҳֻܿ˫
ޢ֭ˡỲ˵ţ΢ղ˲䡣
ϵĺ½ﻬĴ
켸߬˿·Ỳָ߬ȭա߬ɿỲ˳ƽָָСע⵽΢΢СָָᲦ˲СָٽСָ£С

ҵĴϣӵˡ
Ỳקקӣڻеϡʣۼһ䲻䣿
ηʹա
Ỳָ֣һչĿڡ
ůġ˵
Ỳۣչȥͷ˵ﲻǳǳġ
Ҳ۾
Ỳ˯֮۾
ͷһأͬʱỲ˯ġ
ССŲţỲ⻳̧Ỳ⡣̧Ỳϡ
ǳߵỲ⣬ûо졣
СȵشŲŲֱܹƽӡ
ͬһͷͷ档
Ỳⰲĵ˯ţ
Ỳͷһȳߣ˿˿Ƶ̧һ̧°ͣ׽ˮỲĴϡ
ỲȻȥקӡ
һΪˡ
ԾɺۣʶקקϵıӶѣûѹ
ȥ
һ΢ĸоԼҲӦб˵
һڵˣůǲģҪ
ỲȾһֳ˿Ȼ
ٽỲüġ
⣬֪ϲִδɵִɡ
ҵķʽ

ʱҲ˯ˡ
⻨֦ů㣬Ρ
粻ʱ˾ӵ˯һʱʱѹŵʱ
ͱˡ˳꼸¥ҲŴšӡȻܹĽŲֻվŷԸ
˼ΣﶼһҲûУµλ˯ţֻ¥ȥ
Ŷˣӵߵ˲ѹ
Ỳ⼸ͬһ˲۾
ۣǽߵԼ
䴽һۼ㣬á
˵ҲỲ룬ỲƫҪЦ죬û׳ǡ
شỲģĶӡ
Լһ£в¶һ˿˼Ҳûʲô˼ģ۾䣬
ʲôỲ˵ţѾ
һ£߬űӹסԼ̵˵´Щԡ
Ỳߵſڣɨһۣû˳ӰԼ¥ȥѰ˳꣬һ߷Ը˳óţһ˶һֱ»ص¥ϡ
ѾΧϣͷЩ˯ѵԺ
Ỳ⽫ݸ
ȷˡͳԵú١ӹỲݹĸ㣬һֶСŵһֱԡ
ỲȴѾתߡ
ȥѽʡ
衣
Ȼ뵽ʲôˣͷʼССڵسֱ
ỲҪԤϵһЩΪỲ⼫Ȳϲȣֻ°˿װˣĶû
Ѿ˺ЩֱǺܶˡֱ֣̲ס϶س˺Щ
ҪҪԣʡ
һᡣỲ³淭ҳɫ˹شϡ
ҧһڵֱűµỲ⣬˴һ̣гص鶼˺Զһ̣ֻ֮ˡ
Ỳת
˲ع񣬹ʹ˵˾䣺ӡÿ
˵꣬Ŵͷ
Ỳ⳯߹
ֱмڴһЩ߽Ỳ⣬е㲻˼˵ҺӦڴϳԶ˺Щڴˡ
ỲѾߵǰһֳ࣬Ȼŵǿֱҧһڣһ˹سţһ۾˵û¡ʺŪۼҵĴϣҲġ
סˡ
ΣСţҲ֪ǳʲôģšš
Ỳûӻ
ֱ̫̫ϲֻһڣ㲻ٳԡվ£½󽻵࣬ͷۣƵһխ䡣
Ȼ̧۾ʣ￴𣿡
ȻҲеһӡˡ
׼Ỳߵ³ȡһ·ۻشǰĸ㣬ٳΧϵıӣ·
ˣԸ¥һߣȻԡỲָḧϸĺ󾱡
һ£˵ҳ˺ЩֱѾˡغ¥ȥ
ձȻɺ͹ҪЩĳӦ
Ỳûֹ
Ỳǣ߽֣ۿŰھǰλ֣˵ҵͺáȥЩ
շеỲ紵硣
ЦɿỲ֣תǰߡ
صİվտݱޣĵķͷ
ͣ½ŲժһֻɫİվաŲǰߣ˫ֱ󣬰վںΡ
ỲվԭأĿ
֧ЦİվգҲ¶Ц


162 
ص¥ʱ, ¸һλӡ
½ݸЦ˵һǽɣƷ׼¼ڶǹĹ澺С̫, ҲеǼǶﵱÿһʱĶԻˡ
ȵطأ۾Ц
ֽһ䣺Щ, еĴ󷽷Ž밲еĸͿšҲмСŮûֻ뷨ԲƽʢǼ˵ˡ
֪, ȴû뵽նѣô˹
, ƽ￴ȥˮЦӭ˵ǣҲǲԹ޵ġ
淭, ԽԽóݾޱһ־ϲˡ
һϸ, ЩзֱЩ˿ãʲô, һ߼š
Ȼ绹½ţɫ֮, Ҳ˵šʱԽԽãЩ˶çײֱӹ, Ѱû©Ľڡߣ̫ѣٰС̫
ʰе, ɻʳһǾе㵣ġ᲻̫ˣѽ
ʵۻ
ʵ, Ҳ󡣡˵
ǡʰǺ仰û˵ˡļ˶֪ʰʵǻ᲻Ỳɡ
ǲỲ⵱ֹ
ΪȷʮѽڵԲϣỲһ
ÿʮ壬ỲȻ¶档

ùţһλλݲߵӳûĸ
˵ȥɣŵʱ̫ҽ͵ˣŸء
ͷӦ׼ȥ¥¼տ
ūˣһѰɡʰ˵
šӦһߡ
ʰǿ첽߹ȥ³óһ硣ߵſڣչҪϣžȵ˵ѽôˡūȥһ
תһ°׵磬Ỳġ
˶٣˵ûˡ
ʰһ£ļϡЦ˵ﴩɫǺܺÿֻӡҷ̫ЩȸոҲһɫġ
áѹѹڵ硣
ĲտĴԽԽࡣߣĬصȺţֱŲտſڵķ
űƿ¶Ц
տջĿ⣬񣺡𰲡
̫ҽõ˰ɣ鷳ˡһ˵ţһߣѷϣȥ
տɨһҷص°ڣʰǴ˱˿̽
һĨɫտл֣ȵ̧ЦӯӯѯʣǳԹʲôҩ
ҡͷ˵ûѽҷõҩһֱ̫ҽķӡ
ʣô
տࡣ
ҲЩȣţжʱȻ۾βȾϼᣬ˵Ϊлϲ
տǰǳЦͷˣҲﻶϲ
Ȼһ
ˣ̫ҽԵһ˵
տ״Ӧ
ȥ첽¥ȥݣʰҲû߽֮ѩɫ̺
ȡĺϻ𯶾
ⶾγ֮ͬ
ϻ𯶾ԼỲ׼ġ
֪Լǳ֮ˣ֪һ˯֮󣬾ͻҲѲǣ׼˶
Զ벡ʹţҪҲԸڲʹ֮֡벡ʹ˰ڲʹ֮֡
ĴڶỲ˵ǸԼ
һ죬أ
ӣ᲻ĻҲûйǣ
Ħװźϻ𯶾Сƿ
һգֹỲôỲһܵظҹĥ
վСƿ첽ߵ¥ȥ
СƿտǰϡҩտģտȻһϳɻ󲻽⣬ѯʣǡ
̫ҽҿһƿװҩǲѾ˻ˡ˵
տһ£СתƿҩϻȡһܳŽƿУƬ֮ȡ
ûзκα仯
տƿеĺϻ𯶾Ѿ˻ˡմҩҺ𽥿ڱǣСš
ǡϻ𯶾˻ˡƿװǡտ˶٣ˮ
ȻЦˡ
ѤӵЦ
ͷ̲סЦ
ҩʲôʱ˻ģ֪һҹ֮ǰ
֪ԼȻҪۡʹࣿ
Ȼأ
ȻƳҩ𣿡
ϻ𯶾ŮڵĶȪĶ
Ỳ⵹УһӼ˷һذȥ
ǣ
࣬׼һ
תͷŴǰƷɢ͹â۽һʪܿ콫۽ǵʪѹȥЦտ˼˵̫ҽЦˡ
ʲôЦտװȻ֪΢ЦŴ۾ʰҩϻ
ܿ콫ʰã˵ûб£ˡ
鷳̫ҽˡ
տ΢Цת뿪
տ뿪֮󣬻ص̫ҽʱ̫ҽֻǮ̫ҽڵֵտҲһ飬빬ؼȥ
صУǺ⹫һҽæµá
ԴտЩԥؿڣȥΪˡ
ǼжӦġտش

⡣֮ǰǧ֦𽴡㣬Ŷǧѧ˺üء֮ǰܾĲ̫ãˣеò֡ɣҲǿˡ
ó½ϵСϣᱡɵıɴ£ؿϣߣһѩ׵ӡ
ǸỲġҲǸỲ׼ġ
һǣỲС֡ỲⲢûиСʲôڵԥ֮գֻЩݡ
ʲôݣ˺ܾã˺ġ
ỲӣҲڵỲ
֪Ỳġ
ȻҹʱỲӰˡ
żܺĻطʱ˲Цݡ
ҹں¥ӵߣһùţ뿪֮ûã׷ȥĸۡڴ˯˽ʱ뿪ص¥
ˣˡ
û̧ͷ߻µ˵ӡôѽ
Ȼ˼ۼ÷費ܰߡỲƳһСϵĸ㣬˹ؽմ
ȵ̧ͷʣ
ࡣỲ⽫һ£¼ϡȻ󻺲߹ȥִ࣬ȥĶ
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ǣźߴѩӣúٺһ֡ŴûỲ⡣
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ѧỲǰǻӡࡣ
԰գ̧۾һ˫ЦỲ⡣
ỲƳԭǻԭػһ
Ц˲䡣߻һԣȻعỲĲӣչȥ΢Ĵǡ
ֻ˵ʱ⣬ѽ
ĳڼϡỲƸĺԣʣԡˣ
Ȼѽˡ
Ỳⲻˡ
ؿڣͷϽز˲䡣
Ỳ㲻ٲˡֱ̽ϥ£˱ӵߡ
˵ĸ㣬㶼𣿡
ٳỲ⽫ѩ̺ϣֳ½
֣յյƽϨ
ҹȻҪġ


163 
ҹ, ȴܶûܰߡʵ۵֮Ȼһζѣڴϣշתֻ˭ʵߵ˴ߡ
᲻Լ
δ빬ǰ, ֪ʵ۵ֻƶУ֪纣ܾùʳ, 
ǰȷ
ʳ, 
ɻ۴ϣҲδؾǸˡ
, ŲҴҵسţȥɽ
˭ѽС̫, æ񣺡Ｊ顣
ӿЪˣѯʡ
ûءС̫ͷ, ˯ò̫á
С̫ཫ·ÿ·
û, ɽĿ
С̫ͨһĹŮæķŴ򿪣
ɽпڴͷȵ, ҲźޱϵҲ߽ܺ, ֹ
վˣߵߣСŮ¡
ɽ̾˿˵ʲôЦ𣿡
ù澽ҩɽߵĹ, ˵Ǯ̫ҽҩȳšҲһֻ̫࣬ЩˡЩҩ, ٰ취
ɽ۾е죬Цһ˵ǰ֬Щ˳ҺȽϡʲô˵ģҲ㡣òһգȻӰûѹˡ
˵⼸䣬ɽֿʼСؿĹ̸˱ˮھúЩˡ
û뵽˹ӡҲû뵽Ҳˡɽͷתıӣû뵽䵽ӣֻ㻹ǵҡû뵽˻ˡҶֲá
֮ǰɽܳʱûǰҫ
ɽɿֱĨȥϵᣬЦ˵߰ɡԶ㡣ಡҲȾ㡣
ǰڹʱֻ֪ɽˣ˽ò࣬ǲ֪ɽɼСڹмɽоɽ⡣
⣬ϾΪڹеŮ˾ûһġ
ˣ˵ɡЦš
ɽγһԼ
Ȼɽܹ裬빬ʱ̫ˡĳʵ۵ĳ谮٣ȾಡūŶ̫ۡҽݵҲԸ
ôڹеʱճЩỲͽˡʹܳ裬㱻˶ܡҲڱ衣
ҰͱˣǸʱѧôϲʲô취˭ɸɾػšɽ˫סԼؿš
Ķ»䣬¶첲ϵĲߣб޴ĺۼ
һ£ʣ˭ˣ
ɽæҽߣӣ뱻˿Цŵ˵ߣߣ
룬˵Щū顣
澶ҩС˵ӣúҩˡ
ɽЦЩҩʲôãβõģβõġŻˡ
ҩȷα겻α
ⲡҲһβˣЧõҩ󣬻ʮϡ٣׵õɽľأȻǵòġҲûȥʵۡǻʵۺǰ¥ӴοͲûʲô
ȻˣЧõҩҲδһκáʵۣõҩȻõģ˭뵽ĲԽԽء
һ취ġü
ûþ뿪ˡȥ·ϣŮҡͷֺαعأūûа֪ͼ˼
Ҫ֪ͼ
γǾԼ
ҹĻϸ̾˿

ʱỲѾˡû𣬺ĿߡŲỲ۾
۾һ죬ĿỲ΢΢ɢ½̵ؽỲ½󳶵øһЩȻչȥţز˲䡣
ٵĽѣỲŸͷ
Ѻϻ𯶾Ұɡţơ
Ỳϴ£Ūĳڣⶾãﲻطô˼ۼʱֱιۼһ𯶾ǡ
ֻҪιġ
͵͵ЦϢỲǡָͷסỲ⾱ϵĺ䵽һĺѰСָϰŪš
ɢỲĻ۾ⶾôˣϲһڣ½ᷢ˫ƣȪ
Цš
ܵظỲ⣬ֻвһԳ˳þ޾ͷ
Ỳ۾һ˵Ļ档

˵ֱǸʮ㡣
ΣỲŻڣǲˣ
˵أѾ˹ţ֧ϰЦյỲǰ۾۾
Ỳ۾ŶЦ
΢ĳָ°̧ͣϸȥǣӵһ˵˵ۼҵмȲ
˲ۣ˵𣬿ɱھȥʵ֡һкЩûء
šỲͷۼҲкЩûꡣ
ЦỲ۾
ֻһ˲ỲѵǱüġȻỲſ߳
ʱ磬˯һỲͷһ˵ţһ˵¡
Ҫʡ
ǡ꣬źúЩȥظ
ʱȷЩ磬תͷ齵ķ򣬺ߺ
Ỳⳤָ˹ѹչ½Ķ̧ͣ۾
ͷŤһȥ
Ỳ˳תͷķһۣʱȻЦЦ½꣬Ȼ߹ȥСϵǵ⡣
΢쳤˲ӣ͵͵ȥỲⱳֻܿıӰ
Ỳһҧһڣعͷ
ƮƮؽĿƿ
лšỲҧһڣǵ⣬ߡ
ӳһɽ̺УỲԶĽŲֱỲĽŲˣŷǴӰ뿪ġ
һ£üΣüͷٴչ
˸ŲỲҹŵĵط˯һ

ʱ磬¥ĹҲûȫЩˣв£ڸæšỲ¥ߣһֱߵԺУ˸ҹԲֻһ顣
һֱԼˣĺûôֹ룬·ݴ֮󣬿ʼҹ۵˯ò̫ãÿú硣˵߶߶ʱа̫ˣÿ峿ʱ򣬾ͥԺһ
Ỳ¥æߵһÿ·
Ỳרĳ⣬ûôһ߳ţһǰߡ
ỲԶıӰ¶ЦȻ֪ǵġŶѧѧ˺þáʰ˵ʺǰһ㶼ϲġ
ڲʺǺܺõˣȻŻʺһжá
ȻȻӡ̫ˡ
ɡϲһֱáҲŻʺӡһֱúõġ

ǧһ˫ζ֣ó㡣Ϊ˵СϰԵطбˡ֪Լֻгһˣƽûپ˸Ĵˡ͸ǣеСǣȻҲ¡
ûô飬̰СǵǺϲʱѰֳԵġ
һ磬СҶǧᡣǧЦӯӯشǣȥժʵĻʻ
ײỲ⣬Ǹ⡣
Сһ߻Ĳ˹ģһ߱׷һֱܵỲǰײỲϡ
ǧһСҲһ˴վỲǰ
ỲáƳһ۹ŵĲ˹ģʣܰⶫ͸ۼ𣿡
Сæ˹ĵݸỲ⡣
Ỳ⽫ֱָŽУŽ˹Ĳ˹ģƵػ˻Ρ
Сðãգա


164 
աաա
һƬ, ֻỲŵĲ˹ķҡú˹ķҲԵƳ
ỲⴹƳŻζСӣ˼Ȼͱ˺ܾúܾǰ񿴼Ĺ, ҡŲ˹ĶӰ
ȥץһЦһܡСȶ̣·Ŀİ, ׷Ͻ㡣
ļعͷЦ, Цö
𣬻Ļȴֻ
ỲͣҡεĶ, СôĶҲƽ
Ỳع
۾, ޱƳվǰλС⹬У˶, ʹĹСһһ粢վһ, ŵỲ⡣ɵỲĿϣּææηصͷỲӡ
ỲЦһ, һлл
԰գһ߻Ĳ˹, һƵǰߡС
ֱỲԶˣС˿ӸһЩĹüߵã˵˵ллǲ
ûŶǸµ˵ģ
Ŷ
С㿴, ҿ㣬ȻǸµˣеĶȻֱ, ǵлأ
ʵϣỲֻ̫ˡ
ЩסڹˣѾɱˡʣµ˶ڹ裬ȥȡƱزһ֮ڸϻ
һ֮ڻıҪġ
ı˼
СܵǧǰЦ˵ˣȥȥժѽ
ѽժȥѽ
ǧŻعɫе㷢ףŵỲԶķỲѾ˺ܾˣӰͿˡ
ǧϳỲǵ⡣
ѧãô濾ôϵ·̸ְֽġôϲأ
ǧĥһỲķ
òǴӺ¥İɣ
ŸӡΪʲôһȥ¥мʺŻʺһֱѧĸ㣿
Īǡ
Īӡں¥ģ
ǧᱻԼĲ²һ
ôܣǧŲţЩվȡ
Լһܣ
ô
λСæǧᡣ
ǧߵŮϲ˫ϲڲԶժʻͿǧɫɷף˾Ůæ첽Ϲһ߷һѯʷʲô顣
ûʲôѽǸոռӡˡҲû˵仰ѽһС˵
ӸһС˵ǲǻȥЪŰɡҺȥѰ㡣
ǧǿЦЦ˵е㲻˸㣬˸λȥ
ͷǣܿȥˡ
λԼŮԶˣ˫ϲʣﵽô
Ů̫˽Լˣ֪ǧӾԲ岻Ǳʲôŵˡϴˮ¶ɶǧֱỲŵˡ
ҡҡǻȥ˵ǧ
صסǧŻһŽԼķ˵ŮŮþˡ
ɣ˫ϲ۾ʺӡ̫Ỳ⣿ҵ죬ųն鰡ʺôҰ
ϲĥһȻЦˡ˵ֲãҾ˵ˣĸȵϻʺòʺôܻ᲻ܳģԭǲܳ裬ԭѽ
ǧò׻ɫٴαɷףڶǰɣ˵֪ʺӡ˵ļ顢.顭
ţϲʹͷ
ôأôءǧţʺôظΪñ³谮ԲŸѧ㣬Ȼȥֺñµġ
ǧȫܲʵ
᲻ɺϡ͡ӡһȥ¥˳˺¥ĸءӡǸ³ǧ˲ҵɣԶԶԣǸ³ʺôܺһм.鰡
ϲԲ۾ū澲͸˵⹬Ů࣬Ů˺̫ʳʤʺҲŮ˰˵ˣಡ˭Ըȥް㿴ʺԶԶأ
ǧͷĥųϲĻĥţ뵽ˡҲԸʵްʱʱץӺʹ󳼹ؽһӣһؾһҹ
찡ȲԸȾಡҲԸڰ
˫ϲ˳ϲķĬĥš
ϲְǰĻȰǧ᣺ǵūϻظ˵Ļӡͻʺǣ塣ʺﲻñ³Ϊӡ˴Ҳȥӡѽ
ǧŵ˫˲ʹҡͷԴҡ˹ġ
ˡ˫ϲ˳ϲһۣӡˣ㻹⣡
ϲɵؿ˶ǧһۣҲɹļʲҲ˽ĵġū澵ģǸߵġǧܵҲùܹɻʵӣǵˡ
Ҫǹʹһˣһģ
˭˲֪ʵҲỲ⡣
ϲȷ˵ҲҲӡ˾ϲСأšʺҲǽӡ
˫ϲ̫׳ϲСžˣԣֻǵĲ²⣡
´μ˻ʺ̽̽ѽϲ˵
˫ϲóϲΪٻðΣգû˵Ȼϴε⣬һϻص⡣ӵС㵨ӴҲƯƯģӡ飬ͽˣ
˵ˡǧķҵվҪȥʻˣһ͸С
ū澰˫ϲװʻĻ϶ǧᡣ
ϲͷĥԼļƻ
Ҳ˫ϲ˵ҲԣٻӦģǸǽģǾԼϣ
ôأ
ϲüĥ

᯸߽ЩµӺ¥뿪߳¥һۺ¥ٽĿԶʵڵıϵȭ뿪
ϣөš
һĿʮɨϵݣǷƿ֣ڵƻˡ
ԲŲҴҵЦӯӯ˵ŮѾˡ
ŵż㣬ʵôģ
ȻǽŹͳһɹ澵ĻнĽֻ¥ԲЦŴ𻰡
ЦˣԲ
Ůһʮ꣬ġһʮһʮһǸ׼ģһʣһ롣
ˣ˵˼仰֮󣬱ʰǴȥȻʺ룬˽ϡ
صݣ˶ˣ˼Լļƻɻʲô©
֪ԼҪԵĻʲôвأ֪ж˻ʧȥԭΪԼļƻ˲룬ǲ֪УԽԽ˲˽
Խ˲òԽԽ׼©ĳ֡
ͬʱ໥ġ
֪ԼȻΡܶԲΣԭֻд󵨵һɳ嶯ֱǰΡ
۾Ϊ𽥼صѹЩܾġ
ȻżȥһŮҲûһ˴򿪲żܵĻأ첽¥߽
һ߽ɫİƽɫؼ䣬Ҳø侲
Ѱ˸طŰǽϥȹҷء
۾ǳǳɫУԼĳ׾ͷʼе֦˳
ʱ仺߹ʱ
ỲԶԶӰһֱߵǰԾɻȻ

۾䴽Ұɡ
ȫͬңҲһ


165 
Ỳ, һݹСۣӳ˹, ţ˫߬½

ȲҪ˵ỲĻĻ۾, ȥϵϢ
մϴ˿, һ㺣ĵ㡣
ỲĬƴĺ, ĸļ
֮ղ˲Ỳš
Ỳ֪Щ, ƵظŪһƷһȦȦԼָ, ȻڣʲôҪۼҰæ𣿡
һڣỲЩڡ
ֲǲ֪ʲô
, 飬Ըȥġ
˵ˡ
ỲתŪĳָͣ¶ĿһȦȦָϵڷɢ
Ĭһ, ΢ỲĻ˿һ㣬̧۾, 𴽽ǣ˵ݺͰ͸Ұɡ
ỲɵЦһĶ, ˵á
ǵЦ𼸷֣ԼĶӣʣʲôʱ
ҹ̫ٵʱỲվ, ҽ߰ɡ
ֽỲ⣬΢ƽСỲǣ뿪¥ķ
İֻ˽ĽŲ
ʲôԵ𣿡Ỳʡ
һ£˵Կȡ
Ỳüϵģ
λ֣ʣ㻹ǵòǵǸ߶𻨵ھ֣ϡŹֵģǿȺúóԡ
Ỳǰɸֻӡĥһ£˵Ǽھֵûȫ⡣ҪԣۼҰץﵱӡ
Цһҡͷ˵Ҫӿòǲ
ǣּǰߡһ˵ˣֲԿ Կ㡣
á
˵ţߵ˰ĳڡűƿ˲ŷϸꡣ
šỲɿ֣߽УȻȥȡɡ
ûãϸĽŲỲͣתȹģ
겻ҺһߡȥǣỲ֡
ỲƳһ˽յ֣˶٣ʣһҲ᲻뿪ۼң
һ£ŷôС
Ỳɿ֣ͷ⿪
ʶһʣ㡢Ҫʲô
ỲζؿһۣȻ֣µСͷͷϡ
ߺȻ裬һ̣һֻ־ͱỲȥǰߡ
ͷԼȹӣϸܵ˿ڽű߲Ҷϡ
ӡΪʲôߣʡ
ۼҲϲˡ
۾Լʱʱȹ̽Ь⣬һࡣеСֹһҲû߰
֣Ỳǣصۡųͷ£ֽ˳ꡣ
ȥݸˮ裬ٻɾѡỲ˵
áڷܰӦͷỲԼϲۡ
ỲβԹ˵Ц⣬ЦСоͷ¥ߡ
˳һ߷Ըˮһȥʰҡ
룬ߵȴǰƿȥһſỲӰ
Ỳϻǻֻ˵ѩɫ¡ͺ¨ббҲûд
ỲεӰֻıӰתС¥
Ҫȥء˳æ׷
ºֽɡһ˵һ¥ߡ
´ϣһȹһֽɡŲӯؿ첽ܽĻСŸܽĻֺܿۻ˸Сӡ
ܵʯϣỲĽŲ˹ؽ㹳˦ˮУҧ
СӷỲߣ£ɡỲͷȻſʼԼϵ£Լµȹӡ
ȵһжʰŪãˡỲ΢΢ƫͷԼս
𴽽Ҫչȥ뵽ԼЩ˿æֱ˲Լ죬ŽƣչȥỲ£ٷɿ˻ׯá
ỲҲ㡣õҪģҲֱ壬ĿǰϹ
Ҳ֪Ϊ꣬ΪÿճԵöܱˮеöûҧ
֮ЦỲĲ
ϸУһȦһȦϸƮϸᡣ
һʵʵֻжá
˵ӡǰҸæɡ
Ỳ͡šһ˵
۾Ц˵˯ײĵʱ˯ײġ
ỲתͷĿϡǣǳ˼ĺغЦ
ߣȴҲ𡰳˼ĺ롱ĸ֡
ǵۼڲóֵʱ֣ỵ飿ỲƵʡ
ҡͷش𲻽ֻͣ˵չ˺Լ
Ỳ⿴һ˵е
۾䣬չȥĴǡֻһΣûкܿ˿ỲҲû׼˿СͷͷϴŵĶұ˵ء
ʢʱھҹҲȣƫһϸ꣬繵
оŵֽɡ֪ʱƫƫ΢ϸ˵ϣֲ֪м˿˾Ĵݼ䡣
ûзӦ˶ҧ
Ȼû˹˵˸ˣ㹳ϵԹˣҡŹĹĵİǣˡ
ỲҲûٵ㡣Ƴһˮ棬еֱͱȥһͷ״һĶƤץ
һЦ
Ỳץ㣬ҲûȥǴȥСɽͤж˲ľʼ㡣
ڻԣ˫ֿѣһ߿Żһľϵ˵㡣
㡣ںϣٰ㵯ĵӡ
Ỳָ֪ۣտ̣ɸտõ㴾Ỳ⽫õ˺һСһС⣬ιĿС
óԣóԣóԼˣ۾ġл̵⣬˵Ļֲ塣
һ˼ڣỲһҲûԣỲιһʱֻҧһһ㣬ȻЦչȥ͵Ỳǰ
Ỳ⿴һۣݹҧ
Ц̧ͷϵƮϸ˿ҹȻҲȱϯعҹĻϣ
ỲҧȵģĴȴе
ỲƵؽˣ䣬ҲûҾôһЩʹȥˡ
ʵ̫ˡһȥǷ
˳ͽ׼ˣ򵥵˸ˮ裬ٻһɾ£ǷػصˡڴϣƳһۿŵߣ˯ʵſڵķȥ֮ǰûỲ⣬֪ȥʵ̫ˣȲỲȻ۾˯ˡ
Ҫ˯ǰѽڵЩ׮ѹĴ˽⡣Ȼһ㽫Ỳ׼͸ԣǰ
ѾȲˡ
֪ԼỲһЩůǲȫҪǣỲȥǸˡǸܸỲůܸġ
ţ˯ˡ
Ỳվ֦ǰ֦硣赽꼾һֱꡣ±꣬С³Ųס
ţø֦ܹڷ絲ӡ
ֺͰݴԶһߵĳĬԣЦſӡա
Ỳ̧֡
˵˰ĻͿɤۣϲ£ܵġ
ӽ鲻ػ㱨ˡỲԸ
ֺͰݶһۣǡ


166 
ת, ˰ʮһա
һˣڴߣӿŵĴʡһһֵ, Ƽ©µչҲ
һʱܹıꡣ
ʱϲ, ߵĹ˶˳ȥµıˣ䡣˼, ıϣȻҲȥ
ֻһ, ڴһ, ĥٴӱʼ˱, ʼд顣
ԭĻҪʱ, ƫִűʣſհż˺һʡ
д, ±ʣ˫ż, ᴵ˴īˣװƵŷ, ˷ڡ
飬ѩ׵̺򿪽, ȵطһǡ
ƿɵĸӣȡһ춹ǷŽУ波
ԭֻ뽫еǣ⣬ŷ˺ȡż㣬Ȼԭˮ֮õпտ׶С
Щڴߣơ
߱飬ͷһȵ¡
ôܲء

˵̫ТڻûбþٰĴ磬̫ʱͻʵ۵ĸӹϵ㲻ãˣʵΪ˰꣬Ծ御˷磬ʵ۸ǲȰ裬Ц˵ĸΣ˵Ҫͬ죡
ڵԲϣ䳯ǰʱŻżҾɹǰͿʼæµ׼˽죬æµæµĹż̧ͷܲĻĪѹ־ɴҴջĿ⣬ӿŲȥ¡
ʹĪķС
ͬڱ𴦣¥ķΧҪЩ¥˱˭Ҫķж͡ѾΣУòη塣ηͬʱģһĪ˷ܡ
ԲԲ粢ڴϣ߬ŶԷ֡
е㺦¡Բӣ۾ҲǺġ
Բοʲôµģ߾Ͷˡǳ壬Ǿͳ壡
ǵڴ߻ԣ̧ͷԲЦˡ
ԲԲԸֻ֣ǴСһ𳤴ѣҲͬʱ빬
ԲƽʱӺСǿ޿䡣Բȴкܶ󵨵뷨Ժܶ飬ԲԲȥ統֮£ԲԲŻʺȥ˱̹
ǹ־͹ڡ¶ԲǻᱻŵˣԲȴһ߿һǰ塣
˵ȥ˵һˡŲǿˡ
˵ǲŲӣԲ˵
ԲҲ۾ʹͷ
鰲οԲȥȥء
˵ĻҪӣڻʺߣƫӲ㡣ɥŸӵС·һĥԼܰʲôæ
ͨţõӦŽЦ˵ýǣŰһȼʰǡǶء
ԲԲǴӲȾƵģҲͨͳȥһơҲ˳ȥܺȾƣԲơ
СŮС̫ǾһȾ̸Цڡ
˭Ҳ֪ǲһ١

˰ʼг½żҾϿʼܲһֱڣı껹ûн
ϻʺ󷱸صĳų¸췢ḧŷݻķɷơյõʥּʱ¡ã֮࣬ĲǵΡ
˫̽ʤ纵ķϣջ֣˵Ǹóˡ
ͭµĳȡϡ
빬һգΪ˱ܳ裬ŵСԼȡ
ٴӺУȡһ֧̽ղҡͭһ£˳ȡĵط֧ҡڷ˾ûǷȻĲȴǴ𣬼ӲĲϣɱ˵ļˡ
߰ɡվ
Ⱦʺִ֬ڳµСϣǰߡٳǰŵһ۲żܵķջߣź¥Ĺ¶ȥ
oйײ義еĻʹɣ¶ǻʵϳĵطյԲ磬ڽ¶Աߵƫ
ƫѾˡѾżҾ춼ˣֻмλλߵɻûҲδػ
ϯ˽ڻʺﵽˡ˸æʺ򸣽𰲡
һǰصȺߵλŵһƽ
֪ʺѾˣûļλŲҴҵظй֮󣬵ǸˡҲ֪ĳˣһֱԥҪҪ
ƫͷ߻ʵۿŵӡ
ʵʱſ޹ϣ̫ҩϵĲ࣬ܵúܡ
Ե˹裬ỲⲻôڻʵߣûʲôʵȨǻʵۺϲ
˶ˣʵ̾
ˡŵҹҲأЦ˵
һᵽ񣬻ʵü
⼸գһֱԥ֪ҪҪٵֲ꣬õԤУҹζࡣ
ʵ鲻ãֺõЦ˵²عôࡣµŮϣ̷ܹĸҹȻСūӸ߸ߵģͳòˡ˵ˣСС
ϸϸɤ˵ȥڴЦţڼⲻض˵
ʵ˵ǰ޺ҲҹСġ
ʵۣ׼ȻˣʵΪʲôҪԥһ̣Ȼʵ۴˸¡
ߣ޴¶ȥ
æţٲҶ˵
ʵ۾Լļ̫ˡֻԼǵյϻʵ۵ʱҲҹСĹˡ
Ϊʲôˣ
ΪỲⲻˡ
һ뵽Ỳⲻˣʵɫס
֪Լ̫Ķ̫Ҫͷ꣬Ỳ⣬Ϊÿ̿ͣỲܱ
ǲ֪Ϊʲôӽ꿪ʼỲⲻĻˡ
ʵ۴ۣ¶ȥ
̧ͷƣһ䣬һҪ˽¶֮꣬ɲꡣ
ĵЦ£ΪˣǸ׼˽Ŀиأ
ʵһ뵽˽¶ͻô飬ʱֿ
ʵð

¶ˣĶˡ˶Żʵ۵ĵڵȵڻ¼ϸɤµ
˶ȥ
ʵ۸һ¶дãһǰһ˵ղýЩء
ʵ£Ů룬ļȲˡ
ƫͷʵۣ˵£ռѽڣ󹬽Ϊ׼˸衣
ʵһĻһ߻·
࣬ǵ๫׾ߡŮ绨ƣߵȴֲڳªĺ鶼Ҫ֡
ż
ʵۺȻڣȻ衣
ϯһǷ׷ͣ½ŲҲǣ˻ȥҲǡ
ʵĥһ£˵˵ĸθԲ硣ĸϾɥδǻӦȥһ̫󡣡
ϯ䳼˻ʵ˵úܾ档ԭʵҲ֪̫ɥڴٴ첻̫ã
ͬȥŮǾͲȥˡʵϯĳȥ
͹ü
ҡͷ
ŮǵֵȣǱ߰ݼ̫ȴֻʵһ˻
᯸߽ܡʵۻ죬Źϡ
ҧҧ
ʵǡû˳ªǣˡ
ʵַ˭Ҫ裬
Ŵǿʼ衣ôǽ裬õҲľ
ʵ۷Ըȼ̿衣գһ
˳죬ӼҾ죺ȣӦ


167 ߱
ƫ˲䰲ƫ뽣ͣʦ೤ӺȻ, һʦһ̹ͷء
ʵۿɲʱ⡣һʼ, һѽڵԲ磬һĵ硣ʵ۲Ƕ½һŮ⣬ҪѡѡȺŻʼٺ», ȻҰٰ
ðǲֹаǵ, ѡˡΪϵĻʵۣѵŪŮˣĶׯ, ⲻŮ
ﻹŵ㱨˼ȲҪ֪ҹǽԼŮӻؼ֮, δֶȰʵѡŮ
ôĶ
ʵץץ͵ĸ첲Ĳٰĥʳ߲, Ҳܾ飡ǵģ˱Ѱڴ, ǽҩзӦһʱû˷ӦǺ͵ͼ̫ʲô
첲ϵʹЩ, ʵоɨӵڵĳӼҾ졣
˰ţ˭Ҳû
Ǵ㿹ּ񣿡ʵָŵڵ, ɱͷ
һ
ǣȺ߳Ƕʮڻ£һ, Ƕʮڻͬʱ.彣
Цšͷβ߹Ц
ӼҾЩĹ̲ס۾ʼˡеСĹΡΡĽַ, Ҫǵڿܴ裬Υġ裬һͷײ
Щ̫ɭɭĽУǶżȫη塣ﵣģǲԸԸ𣿵һȺڻ»᲻ᳯǳǵѣ
ڻͳһ.ƫٴΰ
ʵϵЦ۾иϹĲбҪٿڣŶߵյ
һƬУеĲյ¡ɱϸ΢졣
ʵתͷ
ԲȣʶǰһԲϽסݺݵһۡԲ˲عˤյյǴˣǴˡ
ûʵۣĿǰͣӡ˵빬ʱ֪衣ǰˣյĽҲÿ
˶٣תͷߵĻʵۣ˵¿ɱ𹼸ǵ⡣
ʵվӣĿһһɨǵŮʵ̫ˡµЩǣЩ죬ЩûʲôӡŮǣַ˼ò绨ġ
Ҳաҹִһʱʵڲùǵ⡣Ϊȡ֪͵͵˶ãһ۶Ǹöİ
ʵеȥЩҲ˵Цͷ˵޵Ĵ޲ù˵⡣ոûп裬Ǳһ顣һذ޺úÿ˭úͣ
ϯĳӼҾ˿Ȼʵ۵ĿٴóĿһˣ޲һ˿ɱ⣡
Ϊĵϣո˵꣬Ȼըһףмյıưö䡣
ո˿ĳӼҾ˲ٴΰףտڽӡ
ɡʵ۵ŵ꽻ӡ
ز̧ͷʦ̧ͷæȥ׼µࡣ
¡վ
ʵ۵Ŀ˲ȥ͵ļҲͦͦ
˵Ȼ費ôÿϲ轣ˡȻ׼˽裬Ҳȥһ
һ˲䣬ʵǰʱ̨ĽýӰ֣˵úúã
ϯƳߵǰϹϾѯʣжĽ𣿡
ҡͷÿһѣûбŶء
Ŷɥ
ʵ۾ȻҪˣæ˵һѽǣ
תͷʵۣЦ˵Ӣ
ʵӣֻһ¡ֿݱˡɳɻ꣬һͿء
ӶƫŽ첽᯸߽߹ȥѾ֪˱µ⣬š
ڣ᯸߽ı
ĵڻµĽ˫
⽣áûӡ
ʵۻعŸͣǣ˵ıáȥһѡǵĽÿһѶˣ͹ˣ
лͣվΧĽ߹ȥվñֱĿǰһߣһĿ彣һһɨվǰ˵ָӣɷ񽫽ԣ
ʶü
ĽʦŴġ
һۣ彣ݸ
лӹ
ȻһУǺԡ
ˡڣǶڵء
˿սеĽת첽
ʦµӣǿʼ衣վĵطǰ裬žٽȻûиúܺõ֣˰ġ
ƫƫʵ۾ѧӺÿˡɶۡ
֮ۿֻ֧лʵһˡӵļҾڻʵ۵һ䡰һˣ޲һ˿ɱ⣡
־壬֧Զͣ
ûһµˣ˶ڽš
͹еƷһƣЩŮ˵ģЦЦЩ˿¶Ϊޱȣⲻ֪еŮ˹ţһδԶĿ־塣
֮ʧˣһѾܹˡ
ԽԽˡЩǹڵİУȰı֣˵ĴȰ衣Ƣ佫Ѽ䲻͡
һľ
ĲյȻ䵽ϣˡ
й澸Ϲʰ˻ʺĽšֵݸϯǴɨ
ʵѰתͷˤĲյ̧ͷ˵Ӱŷٴ̾Ļʺ
ݡ
ľ˵ءȷе˵ľסÿһеĽľףĥĥ
һĻ̫ͻȻܶ˶ûӦ
ɴ۾ЩӾٽʵ۴̹ȥæкԼ˳ȥݣһһġݡһһ
ĳӼҾҲ㵵һĻ
иʶزźݡסԼ졣ߵˣ˲԰׵𾪣Ƕ졣
ݣӦ飬ܴϼν顣ǡŵȭһϷ
սеܵˣڻǯסеܵÿģѾеĽʵۡЩĽЩڻеĽеĻ˻ʵۡ
ʵ۴ʧɫڵأˡ
ݰʵ۴
վԶĽҲ߸ϡ
Щӣʳסбźţٽ裬ҲҪʹܴнʵۣϵۻˡȴûһ
ӱ
ǣŲСȵĹ澡ڻǣˤĶ¡ƿ.ذףŻʵ۳ȥЩݵڻ³ȥϯǣеĶڽɪɪа·ӳȥ
Ҳ.еˣӼҾк˸ߺһץܹȥ
УĴҳһš
վԶ侲ؿţʱʱĿڵš
ڻʵϴССˣԽԽˡ
ʵӣ᯸߽ܺѰӻ
ÿӸߴһԾ𣬾еĽݺݴȥʵ۴󾪣Źܣý븹С
صĵźȻ򿪣ֹϡ
Ỳ⣡ޣޣʵȻҲҪǣỲϣ


168 
ǵһỲġ
Զľ, ңңŵű˴Ỳ⴩µӰ⡣
ǵصı, ˮʯש棬һ
ܿһƬڱеٹ١
Ŵ򿪵һ̣ڱеĳ, վ쳤˲, ڡ
ֻ֣üԼһƬ, һ̣Ỳż, ȳصĵٴιϡ
̫ˣʹ, Ỳ⻹Ǳʪϵʪ, ̫ˣñµɫЩ
ỲĮɨ
ʵ˼ţˤ˸ϡáӼҵŮ, еȺڽ侪岻ѣеϯ͹еӡ˻һ
Ǻڻ˺һסҵĽ, ұֹȥرĽá
ݵ˻һûݣҲԱ
߰㡣
Ỳⲻɨһ, ͽĿԶϣĿ⡣
Ỳֵһ̣˲ؾỲĿ־ڹѪһ, ƺֻҪỲ֣￪ʼη壬עһһлһ
ʵһԼķŶӵʱ򣬱ץȥൽϡ½֪飬
Ỳ⣬ǳɹɱ˻ʵ
Ƭ̵֮Բ˿ĭǰԲɤӴһ
˺һ̶عֹĻ·Ŵ治֮߱٣
ЩˣЩǰ֪ļƻĵ׼šиǰʲô֪鷢һ̣㵡ٵȥ
ʵѾ˼Ѫ鵽һʲôֹͣʹỲֹʹѪɺһҲȥѿϣǣҲҪɶ˻
ʵ۾᯸߽ܺܳòסѪֹĸڼڻµڻ£ŲĵỲⱼȥ
ʲô˲ˣֻץסǧ֮һܵĻᣡ
ʵۣû
֪ҹƿڻʵ۵ͷϣʱͷƤѿѪʵ۽Ųһ飬ڵءˣҲûվɥ֮Ȯ㣬ỲŬ
Ỳ⻹ڱ꽽͸ķñݸߵķѻޱػǰߡ
ỲϵĿƿһ۳ỲȥĻʵۣȻɿ첽ǰߡԽԽ죬ԽԽ죬ŷصķ۱
ңߣеǰѽ
أŬս
ڣڻʵỲǰʱϵˡܹ׵ɫ˺ΣϢҲڼء
ỲǰĻʵУѵת
Ỳ۾˫սеĽݺݵسʵ۵Ŵȥ
̽ʵ۵ţ
ʹȫ´̡ȹµĶ֧״̽ʵţ
ỲƳһͫĻʵۣƫˡʵϵ̫ˣССѪʧѪࡣһƫˣҲˡ
̧Ỳ⣬Ŀһ粻ơ
ǽһƬĴڣ־˾ţͣеĶ˹
ԼϣĻ棬ʵ
ġ

ѻæ²鿴һ£˵ˡ
ỲĳӣЦһĵ˵˰ɡ
۾
ڣǰһ̻í˾ǣ̼䱻̱ڵأû֪Ļʵۡ
ǵڵֲʵСҲСܿ۾ǰԲ۾Ļʵۡ˵˽ˣ˿˻һ.ŻѪֹ
վʵʬ｣.
ѪӿΣա
Ѫӻʵ۵ʬӿ䦳һ̲Ѫ
Ỳ⽫ϵҲݸѻóѩ׵ӣ˹زȥϵѪ
͸ˣϵҲ˿汩ʪ
ỲƳʱģƫִֻսСҰޡ
ֺÿġ
ЦЦ˵ۼֻǺȻȥ¶ƣ⡣
˿
Ỳûֹʵˡ
ҲỲûԶֹ֣һε˵ɱˡ
Ỳ֣νĿ⣬Խǰߡǽ¶ƫһֱǰߣţ͵˻ʵ糯Ľ¶
ǰȥ¶ɴ˿̣Ỳ⵹ҲȻ£ȥ¶ƣСʱƤϿ̵Сڹ껹ڲڡ
ı꣬Ȼƽʢõ
ѾǰһЩỲ΢ͣ½ŲϸͦεıӰ
ͬ˵ãȻƽʢٶЦŵģСŹȥĵݸ
ڵãȻ⣬֪ʺõҪʲôȻﶼԹĻʵۣϾǻʵ۰߱Ǵ治Υѵʺ.е֮Ҫл
ǡǡ
ãη壬ĵԼʺͷԲãҪҪҲл
ƽʢĵü
̫ˣȸոǰѽҪء
սò̫˳֣šü˽Ƕȣ׾ػ˼յƣǿǿҵ˳ֵշ
˲Ŀеĵʵ۵Ĳӿȥص£ڻʵ۵ĲϣĳĿ
ûܳɹʵ۵ͷ­
ǣһξѵŸոտĵطؿȥ
һ¡һ¡һ¡
ڵصһվ͵ŽСĻʺδһۣ׾ȥʵ۵ͷ­
һĻ˶о˾㤡
Ỳü˷ģ²ʲôת˲䣬⣬üչɫ׽һ˿ɫ
ǰô֪Сʺɱ˵ôÿ
ƽʢԥһ£ſڣū
ÿΪô໹ûнʵ۵ͷ­˼šԽսеĵΪ͸֧̫˵ָѿʼϸ΢ضš
š𡱵һ죬еĵ˵ءͬʱʵĿͷ­Ҳڱ
㲻ȥҲ֪˴ʱʲôӵĿӵЩĿ⣬۵֣޼ҫӵ̽ղҡβš
ץŻʵ۵ͷͷ­վֱ壬Žյĵţţ
һʼ֪Ҫʵ۵ѡĵģ߱жлʵ֮󣬿ҡ
ĵϧȰÿһʻ
ཫ߾ܵվǰ档
˶ηỲ⣬ΨհľֻỲĻӣ
ߣҪηηȱһɡ
Ҳıȫ֮һڰнУ಻ָ
ͨһ顣
񷨣硪ЩΪʺҪеƷʣ̫ӦеƷʡ
Ȼ̫Ҫ
֮δڡ
ǡ
صĵŻڱеãȻɻ󡢾㵵һŵѪͷĻʺ
еͷʯסѪͷʯһ䣬ĵ棬ǹصĳǰ
бˢͷϵҷѪۣûʵ۾۾ͷ­ϳ
ǡǱ£ǰĳӾ
¡
⡭
Ȼ
ޱеĳǣϵıһһսС
ʵһȡ֮ѡԣõĵط
磬̫·֮á
վȿڣڷ˺ңǺ˴ɱ
Ļ¶飬ɱ֮˲Ǵ̿ͣǴ׵İҡ


169 
, ϡϺصķ۱øӳˡϵѪȴˮĳˢУûӰ
ɡͷⱩʵǺ, ڲ˶ˮ
еĳǣ޲㵵վʯ֮ϵĻʺڱ±ͷ­, ڻʺ˵Ļ
ǻʺ, ӦøĿһ̫ˡ
ǡ
ǣ
߱, µһ
֮߱ˣӦʬ峭նѵЩӵҪ, ֮߱Ů̫λϣٻ
ʹ, ﶼ֪ʵۻơ¹̰ӹҲ
ǼǧԵλľηȻڹѪݻȨ, ѳΪһֱܡ
ںŵһĳվַ⻰˵Ĵ׺ҲӲһждɷУӦɷã
˵⻰, ˽ͬĻ
⡣
ƽʯµĳ, ڣ˵˼ɱ˻Ϊδã
һ, ſڣ壬ǰ޹֮£Ӧ֪Բѳܳ, Ҳһ֮
УȻһЦ
ԪƿñŹվָ˴ظĶŮˣ˰˰ڶý
һֱƽȻɫ˲΢΢ף㵵űеĸס֪ˣ
ʱ׵Ǻۡһ뵽йãﱻݺݵشһ¡
ӵ߳ԼĸףҪ߱Ǳǰףͬ峭ն
СŮüֺܿչ
ں֮ǰ;鸨ϵ¡Ȼ빬ĴӣңһλзǰĸȻ֮ʵڳԤϣվȣơ
յ֮ˣ߱סδܾȼݣȫοڵģ͹
𽥴侲ϵǰǸѡ
ʵˣʲô
˵беĵλǺ¡
̰˵Ҫλ׵ۺ̫ͼʮ꣬Ǻ¡
ʱ׷ŮأЩ˶ǵļˡҪ׷ˣһ
ҵͣ˶ٴγĬг˼ƽϡ
ԽеĳԶֱԼĴǲṴһ˿Ц
ƫͷԸƽʢȥ׷ڣøꡣ
תͷѹѹĳǣĥܸϵӣѧỲ˹һ޾ϵͳ֮Ӧ̳дͳڰ飿
Ļ
֪ŵȫǧҡڳŽ¶ͷ֮ϵ־𵶡
νա֮󣬵Ȼơ
ϵ·ʪأʹţ֧ǿ֧ţŬȫƣ̧᯸߽ܣ
ڣ᯸߽ܿ첽
Ϊ죬ְЩ㲻ԸոڵڣģֻǷЩд̡ʱǰЩڤ粻飬ףȫ
Ѫɺӡ־ˡ飿˭˭Ͳܻų
ษ׹أߺ̫ǧǧǧǧ꣡
˹أ׹ݣ̫ǧǧǧǧꡪ
صǧУкܶ೯ãȻġ˼ڲһһǧУѹ
ܶ೼иɻûˣ˾أ
Ỳ˵ڡȻỲֱڶûб̬
˶ظߺǧʱıȻȻֹͣЪϨصƲӰµգ
Ỳ̧۾ƳһҹĻѵü¡һǧ꣬ıӰһۣתǰߣţߵǰĽ¶
̻Ի͵Ĵ
Ỳһϵ̽ȥʮڱڡ
ʱͿѻ̻СڹѾӰӦǱܹɽĥƽˣһۼûС
Ỳûȥ춯ƺڻ
ԼǸǱܵԼаĸǣ׷ĽǡվһԵĹҲЦ
Ỳһ˹˺ܾá
а̫ľȥ䣬ϸϸǻƵʹ
ǵãĸδź󹬵ɺвԸĹŮˡǵʬȡһ߿һǰܣѪζҲǵʬҡΣ°ڷͷôҲܲͷĿ֮һŻϤıĿ԰ӡ
ǵãЩӵĸ͵͵ι
ǵãŪԵġǱӡ黨ǡֻǽÿԵʱϵ·ġǸʱ̫С׽·ʲôһ꣬㲻ʮѡЦͷ˵ֻǾһ飬̫ˡĲ˹ĺ˵ڶǡ
ûеڶˡ
ڶ죬ûлʬ屻ͻܹȥ㣬ĸʱڻʹôôĸҲ׼ȥһ档
Ҳǵã˳ﻮ֮õ߼ƻƻʧˣҪˣЩ˺׷Ƕϡ
ЩΧЦǵĴ˽̫ӽǸЦÿһɱһˡ
ֵ֪˻м䡣û˰ȥ۾һȥס۾׼ٿ
Уͬıյ˵㲻ǵ̫ӣ
Ȼ󣬱ܳȥ˵
Χһ׷ǹ⼤ŭʿ׳ԼŰɱΪģվںˣ·һʵĳϣһ͵֮¡
̫Ҳȥ̫ˡ˶ûԼʱ䣬һֱһֱܣͻῴӦˡ
ЩŰɱЦǰܣܰܣܵöЬӡڵﱼܡ
ȷþˣ˽Ӧˣĸʡ
ǸʱǸӣҪϲ˵ĸʡĸʣʴȡơʵԶЦǽʮ꣬Ψһˣƽһ
ʳǸӣ֪ԼܸˣϣϡĲӣ˻ƵɤӶһһ߸Ҫ

ǡỲЦ
ʷˡȴǲܵġ
˶ˣйɸ
Ц

ϵ˹ؽoйϧһ֮ã˴ĺץʹЩǻ֮ˣֻҪͻᱻץϣһҪĨϡ

Ỳ̧ͷɺ۾𽥳ƿڣˡ
Ҫ
ۼһΪģϲɾҪг̬飬֮ĺָʷáųꡣ
ỲƣصЦţۼ˵ʵ˭νһλʵ۱Ȼǻϵʵۣۼߵ˶档
ĿỲ⡣ʣÿʮӦҪɣ
Ỳһ£ЦЦǡÿʮ壬ۼʧֵʱ
ԭૡ
Ỳ֣ԼĿڣԣɱۼңɱ˻ʵǰ㣬ȥΪ
ԳһЦᡣ
֣ʪḧա
֪ˡ˵Ժÿʮ壬ұ㡣


170 
Ժÿʮ, ұ㡣
ỲԼ³⣬ǰ͵͵Ц, ЦЦţͷۣٿ
̫Ц˰ɡ
û̶˵̵Ỳߵ, ȻȥšۿĶ䡣
ˮδһһϡ
ССش˸, ෢ıӣȥšϵˮ
ů׵, һСˮ
ỲٴνĿϣѾšӵ΢΢ض
ʵûʲô, ôҲšɡϺ䣬ˮ, ֱӽĹͷ
ʰӦûȥҩ˰ɣҲʰ˰ɣ
ƣվǰյĴ, ٹٵĹݡ
죬ҲǲܷЪϢһ졣һҪʱҲ, ص¥֮ʰ׼֮, Ҫ
תͷỲ⣬Ŀ⡣Լֵݸ
Ỳ, Ⱦʺָ֬ͷ˵ֻǸɸɾĺÿЩԺҪȾЩ
ﻺ, С۵ݸһ磬˸ոսӴǶʱա
һҲûˣʵʵѹỲСϣʪصķۣһһǰߣ̻Ի͵Ĵ
ỲȻһᡣ
תͷỲĿǰţոֻĴʲôҲ˵
ջߣǰƵ̽ţĬһ
⡣Ȼڣᶨÿһֶҧúء
λỲĲĿǰṴһЦ
ߵصĵǰͣ½ŲתͷỲ⣬صȴš
־г˵Щӻû뿪еԼҵŮѯ֮ǰڵ龰еĳһ̡
һĵţġԽԵҡ
ϻᱻߡỲޱشۿڣȥ
áĻشһԥûС
ỲЩ⣬תЦһƬᡣżյỲǰĴǣ˵ͷӡ˰ﰧţ
Ĵƽյ¶ȡ
Ỳ̧ţų໺򿪣صĵŷƵ
˲̧
С۵ĳǲò̸Ỳ̬ȣٴμỲ֡
һִỲСϣǰߡỲϵĿ⣬ɫ糣سȥһֱߵԱ߲ͣỲ
˵£תͷỲ⣬ڣӡ氧ȥһ˺¥

Щ˵ĿⲻͣỲϻȥƬ֮䣬ȴƹ˺ܾãỲ⿪ڣݡ
̧𣬳ź¥ȥỲڷ֮ࡣ

¥˶æµţûȥ¶ĲҲûšС̫˵꣬ҲûѾȽҩˡ
ķص¥̽ỲСϣ·ỲŽ¥
ո϶¥Ỳֱӽ첽¥ߣһֱ޵
齫˶ǲˣæҩ첽ϵȥ
ڲж壬ü˵Щߣ
û£ԾźܿĲӣһ߳߹ȥһٺܿ˵Ҷ׼ˣȵҹҲˡȺһҩ
˫ҩ롣ҩȸŴݵģòеءһ룬ССڵغ
Ỳ˼¹ϣֻҩ̴ȥˮ衣
պ˼ҩͣԲ˵ȥһӡ
ỲЩƳһۡҲһ£ŵͷ˵ãתߡ
ֽסԸСŮЩҩй˶׼һ롣Ը鲻ҪԼȥ
ȲȥỲŴڴںҩ˵ʹʮ壬ۼҲ󡣲ȡ
û˵̧߬Ỳ⳱ʪ½ȻȥкŵһҩͽỲС
һ˿ҩڣỲɫ˲ûüƿѹĺ󾱣ǿӲι
ûǣʹȫ
ɿỲ⣬뻹ʣһҩỲ˳ºƽʢֱ壬ǽ
»ﱧһСӣ֪忸סԼķԸյ˵ķӦˡ
ͷطԸ˶һԡⶢŽճȥ߱Ůǻؼ֮α˶Դ
ǰԸˡЩģ
ƽʢҲ໰ֻ˵ϲȷгҹ뿪衣ܽѾǰųţǳȥ
ܽԵ͹ֳҲƹ־ˡ֪֮־ΪԵиҪ顣
Ỳⴹ۾ŵҩ룬˵
ǳлҰκη紵ݶӲ۾ܶ鶼ǰ֪ģļһдͷβ׵ⲻЩ΢ĸп
ỲϿɬҩеĴ룬Ҳȳºƽʢȥֱӱȥ
ҲûºƽʢȻعỲĲӣǷƽʢȥռּܲ糯Ҫպɡ
ỲⴹɫȻսʱ޵ˮģ֪һֱڳɳɳٶȵȷϡ
ôһ˲䣬ỲһֻƵ뷨ֻҪ㹻ʱ䡣ѡҪҪĻС
ỲⱧңһ߸ٵȥʪķۣһ˵ԽԽϢˡ
еվȡǿ̣ѧỲǻƵ˵˼롢ƶӣӡãȻѧ˲ٶ
ỲЦ˵ЦۼϿûʲôӡ
ҪܱҵĻⰡȥοӡ˷Ҳأ
Ỳֻûô⣬ǰȥЬࡣ
۾Ỳ⣬۾Ц
ӺСʱʶʱ˵ǫáֻԼ֪ԴҪĶǶô̰ġ
̫ƽ̺ʢһǻѪֻ֮ǣ֮ѲȫΪ°հҵøá
ҲǣΪỲ⡣
ߴ·ǲͷһǰߣٿٳһµ·
˶㸴ĳ롣
ô
Ұ㸴
һֱԼġ֪ж̰ģ̰ĵ·췽ҹ̷
ɣ֮򣬲ĸһڡ
Ỳվƨɣֱḧ壬۾˵ˣվ﷢Щˮ
ع۾ЦԹԵصͷСŮӡתԡͰŽŵʣҪȥȻͣỲҲʪˣ˵ÿʮûаú𣿵治Ⱦ纮
ͷ˵һݺòã
һڣʱˡæΣЩִٵ˵ҡȥ·Ƚȥ
ỲƳִٵӣȻĸܣԸⱻſ¡
Ỳû˵Ĭ
ְյججԴɥ˵ˮ̫ˡ
ỲȻ̾˿ȥ
ָѹѹһüͷյߵ壺߱ۼһˮҲǲС
֣ȥ


171 ÿ
ˮ, ڵݶˮˮڴݶ׹, ỲƵָȥ
Ỳµ֣ϣоһƬʪˮۼ֪Ỳⲻ庮, ֪ˮࡣ
ָСŲŲ˵, ȥ
ͷһأ¡
Ỳ, ĬʪѾ˵أỲٴ, ǣҵһһȫĸ߾Ỳǣߵͭǰ, ͭеԼƵؿڣǰۼҶһ, Ʒ
˶٣ỲͭԼϵĿƣͭе, ЦʣÿۼҾƯˣҲúÿ
û̻ش, šüͭĲ档
ðΣ˵塣
ỲĬˡ
Ỳ˲, ۾ȥͨͭỲʱ, ʱЩָ̧̧֣˲鳤۽ޣȻԸ̧۾
Ỳ⣬գ۾Сʣҿ𣿡
ỲֳĬˡ
һٴССؿڣԵİɣ
ɡỲƳ
Ŷɥüչ
ỲЦһ֣ˮ
Ȼﶼůͣûˮĸоȫͬģһ⡣һȥƣش˸Ƿ
Ỳƣϣļϡ
˯ɡἰʱ㡣Ỳ˵
ٵ۾մˮֱ㽫ˮŪ۾գۡ
Ỳεؿһۣ˼ϵСظ۾Χ
ڱУε˼ֵΪʼնչԼõС
۾ڲˣ۾ҲˡƣؿỲļ磬͵ͣһҪǵýҡ
Ỳû˵ֻͷ
Ƭ֮󣬻Ѿ˯ˣỲչȥʪķ
û֮ǰŸʹζøĿ
֮пһֱǼǰδֹ
ԭζͷʹ飬Ҳʽ𲡣֣ӦǸһЩĶ
磬ĺЦֻ
磬˯
磬ỽʱ顣
磬ֻҪ
֪ϻᷢܶ飬ҲҪ˯ˣһƵģû˯졣
ϰỲչˣ˯Ѽ֪ỲνȥΪˮ£νȥŽС
ˡԺţӦǳ¡Ỳ˵
˵ʲô
۾з˸Ӧٶ۵ʶỲԸ澽ɫҹȥ
ֹһӲûǰ黹˭˵׼ҹģ̫ˡ
ǿ˯ˣ˯ò̫áΪǱʶĲ׼Լ˯̫ҲΪЩͷۣĿҲƵġֱỲ߽ӵڻַ·ĸоԺЩ
Ҳû˯á
£ͷһ컹ûҲû˺һƬž۾
컹ûҲûƵơ
Ǳ֮½â䣬˿˿ƵĹӴֽ©ҲһƬڡСȵ̧̧°ͣỲ⡣
Ỳ⼸۾ʹǸѣҲûʲôٵԺ֮УɫױҹɫҪŨڡ
ˣỲȿڡͬӣͳﵹǴһ˿׾ĳ
šӦһ
ȻѾˣ˯кܶҪҪһ£ҪȥϣҪô
֮ỲȴûԾѩ̺У۾
½ŲҴҵسݡ
շ춯صĴ£¥˭ҳ˯ĽŲҹʰȷԸ±ߵСŮ׼ﳿһ飬Ȼӭ
ﲻ˯
ŲҴҳϵסȥѯʣǱ߰ŵôˣ
ġ빬ǰѾ˽ļ͵͵ߣȥ¥գ˶ûСү飬ֲȽ˵ˣԲŸɴү˹үﶼڹС
˵ͷ
ҹ֮£ڲ֪˿ǵŮǱŭġ⡣ʵϣƻ˺ܾãֺҳЮĿԶǰ׼
ٶһ䣺⼸ȥ򸮰ţ᲻Լʲôȥ򸮡
ʰǸæͷӦ¡
˵仰ߵϵķǰͣ½ŲϻСôе㲻á
ǲ鲻ᣬЩӲ
ʰǻûüţ汻ֳϥЦ밲̫󳿰
յĽŲϺܹܿȥ֣Сĸҵþ
һӣƳһ·֪˯ˡǣϵ֣һһѯʣ϶ôôѽ
ְҽѵġ˵˺ܶ飡
ͷһۣջ߱һͬ£ֶ϶ʲô
ֽ˽ȥ糯ʱǺ³̡
ͷת֣Ц˵ˡ
ٴϥصһȻſڶ˵̫˵һ飬̫顣
ϵͷͷָͷֽĻһ临һ顣ȫ˵ˣŵȥ֣ʣСĸ϶˵öԲѽ
ԡ϶
ϿĵЦˡ
ܶǺף֪СĸҪˣôСĸӦǿĵġСĸˣͿģ鲻Խ۾Ц
ССַḧţ϶ðģСĸ㡣ֻҪһͷܿСĸˡ
ţͷ϶Ӵʲô£
Ц
ȻʳѰĽ糯ϵ顣Ҳ糯ᷢʲô⡣
ϽմϣܵڳӵĹݣҲ˵ǻ䡣
йǾǻҪصذݹܸظݡ
϶ףҰ֮֮˻ܶࡣ˵׵۵ǻǷͷ֮ʱ
¶ҪиϢ֮Ž־ǻƽա
ʰѯʣһȥ糯ʱ򣬱´ʲôѽ
ϵ۲û׼˸׼Ǹû׼
ɡ˵
ϵֶ֣˵һյ³̣¥ĹǱ㶼ˡ˶˽ţȴûϣǽױ뿪ˡױ֮󣬻ص޵ỲȻûߡ
Ҫһԡ
ͭǰỲ췢ʣһͲһȥ
ȥỲشһԥûС
˵ʲô򴽰ѻʻȥ
źܿԲʢһԲݸӹһ¡
ỲĿ
۾һ£ɫȥñĶԡ
Ỳ⿴һջĿ⡣ʳ˲࣬磬Ӱ뿪¥
żܺİŹϺ磬ٳԡԲȥԲߣ첽ȥ
ˡ
֮˿
ܿ죬𴽽еСЦˡ
ԽԽ͡Ѳ빬ʱǰ̲סһ


172 ǿ
, ԪʡȻʵѾɱɹﻮԪ
Ȼˣҵʮ֮Լ, ûи游
Ҳ̫ˣԪָֻǿȥʵڲж
ڶһԪû˹ְ, ܵ糯վڽ¶ؾ·ԣЩصȴš
ֱԶԶӰ, Ԫ꽹ƵЦ
游ҪȥСù˵˵𣿡ʡ
ȥһͻؼȥ
Ԫһ߻شһĿ⻹ڷϵŮϡɣЦҪʢס
Ů˰
Ц۾Щ⡣ԪŹȵ, ʪȥ
ֻһ䣬ҲʡڵСùһûʱ˵ŷϵСùһ, ǰƣֿ˿ǰϵϡ
ۿСùúϽҪ˽¶, Щɥ򴽡֮иܣСùúϵ˽¶¡أ¶ʸûС
游, ̣Ҫ˵
Ԫ곯ĺһ£˵, ؼȥ
Ŷ游ת, ּ˵游һϸ˱ҵûȥ
ͨʹһ, ҵ
ղҲû빬һŸ߸ߵĺǽ, 첽ǰߡŲûͷ֪ϰŮӡӦͲҲӯ
Ӱ㸡ԺС
𽥷˽Ų
磡첽׷ܵǰ˫Ľݵǰ
Ƴһۣûӡ
빬ʱж˱УѸ˽۾ЦʱŲûҲ赽˵
轣ΪĽҲ
СõĬƬ̣˵ˡ
һ£æҡͷæ˵ԼĽСùǧѡ͸ҵģҺϲҲƽ޹Ķ㣡
ȥӣС
游ڵңҵ񼱼Ȼʲôͣϥ˸Ů
׻
תŲߡֻüͷеգԼո˹أ˵Ҳûò
ûͷĽŲԶˣżǰߡ
Զ᯸߽ĿһĻЦ֣
ͳʲôʡ
᯸߽ܽŵϴųûӲҲࡣЦ˵С˼˼ҰҪ˵
ֱӴĻͳ죬ҹʮûãǸСӡ
᯸߽۾þȵЦа㡣ҵֶŪιû
ü̫ˡ̧ģҹͻСûΡֻԸ磬ںһˡСܶ鲻ͳӦŮӵǺҪ飬ͳԣҪЦ
᯸߽֣Ц˵Уٲ˵ˡ
˶٣ЦŴȤСӽ컰డһµĻԤ֧ˣ֮ưͣ
Ľ׳ԣȥæˡ
᯸߽˸ƣתˣŵôӣҪඡ

һǰһڽ¶ĵǰͣʶػͷСĸ΢ЦŶͷ߬ԼСֲɿ
ųµС˷ǰǰƵķȹϵء
϶סˣú£ֻҪͷСĸһֱ󡣡һ˵ţһ߲ɫط˷ϱ߬°ڡ
ţʹͷСĸЦ¶С
վǣϵ֣߽¶ĳιȥȻȰϣʵԼҲܽš
ûа취С¶⡣
Ŀڵ𽥹ĳɨȻûпỲӰ˵Ĳ
֪ϣڡʹʱܻᷢ
̫꣬ǧǧǧǧꡪ
ϱĵСֲ˲쵽΢ϵС֡ĿǰΣǰߣڴصĳǣһףȹչϣĽŲ˿⡣
֣ԼΡ
һֱ߬ŵСֺȻɿеã޴̧СЦͷ
صĳǣ̲ס͵͵̧ͷ
תͷСӳ߹ȥų˿תŽżڶ˵̧ߵ
һĿ⣬ϲûпĿǰ
ųһŵλ£Ȼϣȴš
ĳǣҲڵȴš
˶ڵȴţƵã̻Ի͵Ĵڴ۵ͯڰƽ
ε۾

糯˶ΪỲ棬ỲⲢûȥ̲ס˼Դ˹裬ӡȷô糯
¶Ỳ̬ʱỲվڸϽǵ֦ǰɫ̫ÿ
ҹǳ꣬ʵ̫Ȼ˵ҰвٷݵмĹ
ѾỲŪڷ絲ӣе֦磬һ걻۶ˣһ궳ˡֻʣһ꣬ӲдΡΡ
˳굨սľػػӡǳʵ̫ˡūͼС̫ʲôӶˣûȫס
ȥһһƵ¥СỲԸ
˳æȥ졣
Ỳ˵Ľ֦Ƶ¥Уֻóһ䷿Ķߣһԣٽ֧֦ƹȥ
գỲⶼ˼֦ϡ
ֱ֧֦ƹȥˣỲԿǿˡ˱ˮԡһȻһɾѩ£صȥڳһˣ˾֦
Ŷţ̲ס
֪糯ǲ˳
ʱ糯ӦͽˣʲôỲ룬˽⣬һ糯֮¼̸
Ỳ
˽ģ˭뵽Ұô
ỲƵһҳ֦ʲôķϣܳøЩ
ʱѻ¥ỲһȥӡǱ߳˵¶˲̫ҪҪ棿
ԼỲޱ顣
ѻӦ֮󣬲û뿪пһͷӡܲþ̽ʣӡȥӣ
ӣỲ̧۾ĿƳ
ײӡĿ⣬ѻ޲øԼһӣԼ졣Ҫڱȣ˳ߵţӡ̫ܹˡ
ܣ
ܿ죬Ỳ¥ĽŲӯģҲҵġ
Ỳüе£пˡ
ȹܽݣһỲ⣬Ҳܷѻ˳껹Խ첽Ỳܹȥ˽ỲĻ
Ỳţίֱޡ
ôˣỲ˲亮
û˵ֻǽޡ
Ỳ⺮ʣĸۼҵıǿˣ
Ỳ糯˭Ѹ𲻿赲ɱ⡣ֲòѹѹͷۼȥϳ
Ŷ̧Цаᡣ
Ỳһϣ֪ƭҪڣüͰ͵С˵̫ˡ


173 
ѻǰһĻ, ĿɿڴܾⲻܿĶˣܻ߳ȥ
תͷƴ˳ʹɫȻ˳״ü, һһզ찡ѻˡæѧ˳һͷԼҲһֻɲ, ȻģҶӶžġ
ĥԼܻܲųȥ, ˳Ѿޱתߡ˳ַѻɵһ½󡣷ѻʱع, ʲôҲˣ˳һӳȥ
ż, ѻ˶磬һƨڵϡ
˳ϹϾؽŹ, źЦѻʣ, ôˣ
ѻϽ˳ɿ¥˳Ц˵ЩЩ
˳ϵЦѾˣʵЦ˭뵽Ĺ涽ȻΪһĻ, ų
Ц˰ɡ
˳򴽣ŬЦȥѻ¥, ѰؿڣĪԡ
⡭϶ѻֱӽˡ
š˳ӦһԱ, Ҫȥ̫׼Ʒˡ
áѻҵӦһվԭû˳뿪, վ﷢

ڣỲƳƵؿڣôҲǵ̫ˣ˻ǣ
㲻ϲ𣿡ϸüί֡
Ỳû˵΢ָ˲
ת˲ЦЬӣϳ齣̧ỲֱۣԼȥϣ˫ֻغߺšỲ֣ԼߺߵСָߵš
ỲƳˣĿѾﵽˣۼʲô
ΪϲѽչȥԼỲ΢˲䡣
ôãỲ⽫ҵõǰ£С
š΢ŲŲˣỲļϣ˵Ϊյ糯ܲ˳ʵͦ˳ġȻϵǾб뷨Ҳ˳˳ˣﻹǻϲ
ţպɹٸԭְˡѴӾˣҲáմ˵Ǵпá֮ǰ԰ݷüΣ̫Ըɽû뵽ôʹӦ£ء۾Ц϶Ҳôǰ飬ѯպԸԸʦ꣬պɺ۾ˡ
͵͵Цû뵽ƽôŰһˣҲᵱں۾
̾ûֹʵ衣Ŷóƺȵˣһʵۡ϶ĵǻûܻؾ죬ǲ̤ʵȥ۳Ͷ٣˲ƵһءҲ֪ģҪȥҲ֪̫.ƽá
糯ҲûʲôҪ顭Ŷйʵ۵ɥǡƣûõҪôҪôһػꡣᵽ飬ΪһᷴԡҲûС롭
Ỳⴹ۾ŻЦӯӯ˵߶߶˵˺Щ顪糯Ϸ顢糯˳̸۵飬мλΪ˲ʵѳ뷨ֺС¡
ȣỲⲻ̫˵ЩʲôĿġ
ֲˣֻǲϲ̤oйѡȥ糯Ϸ飬һں󹬵Ůֺ϶ϲʲô㡭齲Ϊʲô
ϸ˵˽ʱ˵ˣش˸Ƿ῿ỲĻ˵ˡһ̧۾ỲЦЦ
ỲȻͶˡ
ֻãöѡ
ﰡỲǻȻ㿪ڻ
ţ۽޻̧ѯʵ
ỲЦ̣Ƶ˵ۼס
ЦŴչỲȴһЩܿˡƳ˵Ȱ˵˰ʱЪЪɡ
˵ţͷҧסؿڵỺسؿڣ

ڶգỲϳ̧Сۣصĳ֮
糯ỲⲢûпڡǲ֪ǲΪڣԵʮְµĳ˵ҲԵ
Ỳޱ£Գ²Ȥֻ볯˵ʱŻһ
ʱ񲿵˳ϻʵɥǵѳС̫ϹϾ˫ֽӹ˫ʸ̫
ỲʱỲ̧̧֣С̫һ׹ҿỲ⣬ŵü߳һ㺹ӡĬ̫ҪĹȡȡӡ
Ỳֻѡ
˭Ҳû˭͵͵۲ỲľٶЩ̽Ŀ⣬Ỳһڽף߹ȥ
ָƿö
̧۾ỲڣỲգ۾ƽڣӡˡ
˳֮͡Ỳݸִսѹ棺Ⱥ˵ʱ򣬲׼
̴ǣеϡһڣҪȥٿ
Ỳֱһۣת߳
һ˫˫۾Ŀŵ͵͵ش߳Ỳûʲô飬˵̽ʯ󺣡

˳Ỳվڽ¶ǰϷת˫̽ĿѸټװµƿ

ỲЦһ
Ȼôϣʲôʲôɾ˵ȥˡʧ
ȥܹܺỲڷԸһС̫ࡣ
С̫æСȥˡ
Щǣǲ뿪޲̽
ỲԶƬ̴ǶԸһС̫ࣺһۼҵĸۡ˳갲һ£ۼҪС
͵͵ŵĳǴ󾪡ǲҴֻۣĿػཻ
ȥסأỲƵġתĳȤζؿѯʣλǿкõ飿
ǵͷ˭ҲûҿڡȻˣỲҲǵ
ܹòԶܿ˹
ỲƳһ۳СܹĴܹܣһĴǣһ˿޵ϷʰЦ⡣
ۼҪȥǬ͵ȥš
վһĳǵһ
Ǭ͵ǵӡ
պüȻոְһգǿڣӡ²סӦ°ᵽǬ͵ȥ
һƬ͵͵ӡζԴվպɡ
ỲõЦˣͣ⡣
Ỳַ̧̧Ըȥ¥֪һۼһСʵȥǬ͵ͬס
㡭պ۾סˡ
ͷקקպɵӡ
Ỳˣǻû뿪վڽ¶ĵǰüš
ô찡̫Ӧ׼ɣ
ֹ̫˹ľװ
ԥһ£С̫ȥ¥š
ỲͶ˵ϴߴߡԭǻؾ֮飬ЩڴʲôĿ̫ˣֻΪǰСʵ۴ߡ
Ỳ⻺¥ȥһһ߲²ķӦԴǾܾʧɤӸ
Ỳߵú˺¥ʱһȥܹѽỲ˼͵ˡʱں˵¥Ĺæµظʰ
Ỳˣϵļ˵ȥɡ
ϵͷʮ᲻õһͷỲȥ
Ỳûߣߵǰ̴ת
Ƭ֮ĽŲۣȴš
϶˵ҪɵĻ
Ỳ΢˲ͣ½Ų
׷յỲߣ˵ϼ
ỲܾﲻԾ


174 ѳ
һ, ˿һЩϣ˵϶, СĸϻȥһŵġԺÿ϶ȥţҪĹΡ㲻סСĸˣҲ͵Ŷ
ţ϶úõģʹͷ
ЦЦ, Ỳ⣬ͺ˵ӡˡ
ỲЦ, ĬšǸװͿ͸˵˭, ɲ˭ųĻϴΪʲôȻһ
ʲô˼
ܲΪ, ҲһСӲİɣ
Ц
е֪, һˡ
޷ֺ
ߡỲת
ϳ˰֣첽С׷Ỳ⡣һ˫С, 첽·ģƵġһ߿첽ỲĽŲһͷỲ⣺ɵԺסһ𣿡
šỲڷһ
Ц, ˵á͸ɵסһ𣬱˾Ͳˣ
ỲƳһۡ
⺢Ǵʲôʱʼɵģ˰ɣ
Ỳһ, Ǹֽջ˵ƨƨܵǰ, ѧȺС̫ະɵ
Ỳ⻹ǵãʱϵЦӲġСŵһһġỲֻȺͰӭɵС̫ûʲô, ֺѰӻˡ
ȻˣϰֵĽ̵ȥỲɵĿģȷǺȺС̫һ
ỲһĻȻѾˡСӵļȱǵġϷظỲ⣬ಽͬڳĵǣȻûѺ͸ɵסһ𵱻¡
СزĴ棬ҽѡƫƫĸ⸸ϣǷ۸˵СӡʵϣвûϲҲûʹ۸
ŬһϲĻӣȻõԽԽССͣѾطֱЦĻǼٵģ˿Ŀֻʮ֡
СӶϲ֪ˡȥỲɵỲĮƳһۣûỲпϤ
Ǿͺܺúܺˡ
οɵкЩǣżš
ɵ߲ˡȡ

ϱ˱죬Ҳٿ
ںĹ˸æ첽ϱڻǬ͵ȥ

Ỳ⽫ϴ֮ص¥ϣûж飬Ƕѳ
չ˺Բ˸˶Բ߽һӷϣ򿪸ӣղѽ
ľװһ׾µΡ㲻ϼֵǣȴҲչ˺ԲõĶˡ
˭ʵᡣ
ĥһԸԲȥɽй˵Ҫöѳ
Բԥһ£ɻѯʣ¹Ҳ𣿡
롣
ʱɳ¥ÿ˶ŲҴң浣ǡƣûɻʵᣬһоػꡣ͵Ĺǣ˭Ըأǵкܶ˸빬ûã඼˫ʮ껪һ۾ģɫҲ԰ѿ·æĽŲҲ޻Ƶģȵò̤ʵΡΡʱܵ
¹ǣҲͬɫǡνһһ죬պܲڹŮ鶼δ֪
ǧסƧųϲ˫ϲ¥ȥһһϸϸؿޡѽѽ
ϲСʣȥӡü𣿡
˫ϲһۣϲ̱죬ƵͷȻûġƫƫûʲô֡
ڻټoйеɡ󹬵Ůʵ̫࣬ЩŮеǴӾģеһѡŮкܶ๷ʵ۴ӸֵطŪˡ
һӴŰɫТϸվ˻
ףڰϣĿ˼š
Բߵеɶˣ̧ͷǣͬΪŮӵп
֪̫ǹʲôҪ͹ȿڡ
ͷ˵񲿳ΪѳᡢƹˣЩס
ᵽѳˣ˵ĶϾǹغĴ¡Լ̫һ֮䣡
Ⱥ˿ʼС
Ҿоػ˰ɡѳᣬӦȥһתصǱȥһѳ
Ϊ˼˵ƲɷϣҪһЩȥȵۡ˭ԼϣһЩûмˡ
˵ԼĴҼɹҡ޼ҿɹպǨȥꡣȲйֲܹҵģѳ֡ı·պϲԼ𡣡
ǶסˣЩŵ׵С̫ʲô˼ѳԵɣݳ
չеĻ̻̣ǲǵԼѡȥѳᡣ㲻ȥѳᣬҲ̻˹̫ǹңǵļҲδػٽǡ
ǲҪڸ𸴡ѳպϼɡĬһٲһ䡪ⷬǶ˵ģδǡ
˵Щ󣬱Ƕ£ȥ֮˼

ʱ֣ȥǬ͵֮ǰʱ⣬ȥ֪Ĵ㡣ڹЩ顣
ȥͻȻߵĹ˶ûӦæһϥӭһ첽ȥ档
û߽ȥżӭ
һ̫ҽ˸ߣһ
˵̫ʲô飬֪һˡôԹˡ
һ˵ţһһÿȥ
һûüߵӻƣɫջߡ
Ǯ̫ҽѸˡ
ȥɡܿӻ
Ҳûɫ糣£ûע⵽Ǯ̫ҽһ
̫ҽݵ̫ҽǰɵظƽһⶼǳ䡣ֻиӲˣŻڱʱȥ̫ҽ̫ҽ
ɲﲻӡ
ȫ֪ЦѰڣҪȥţպþĴ㡣
檡Ȼס˿
̧۾źʲôûС̫󣬲²̫ʲôûĳС͸·˴򽻵Կ˻м͵ġ
ԥƬ̣ҧҧǰ׹أ
Ц糣¡
ĹˣԭߵĹҲˡ
Զأ۾ȴšȻһһ飺Ժʲô㣿
Ȼ۽Ƿᡣæҧҧƻȥѹѹ̧ͷ˵ĳ̫ࡣ£ա
Щȡʣأ
򴽣ɫɷסϥϵֽ߬߬ȻһɣȻǡһˡ
Ĭ˺һٿڣʣĲ𣿡
Ĭš
ȴЦ˵ҾЩĽ㡣
ãȻ̫˼ϰ˽ԶһˣȻ˵˵ﻰͷôסȻһЦɬ䲻ֵøõġӦϲͼˡ
Ҳǲ֪Լϲһʲô˱Ů鰮֮ЦҲԶƽȵĹϵǲԵġֻԼҲԽԽܴߵߣƽһǰߡ
Լ˵Щˡ˼ЦЦ
ÿȱҲŵ㡣ȥܸģδȴԼġվҵˡ㻹ʱ俼ǡ


175 ͺ
ȥǬ͵ʱ, ỲⲢڡ̨һſ㡣м䵽ϣר־ؿżֻСΰʳ
̧ͷ, С̸ЦݡĸʣϲϲվСĸ
Ҳ֪Ϊʲôʲôʱ, ֻҪСĸ;ð, 鲻Խǡ
ҲЦ߹ȥ, Ȼǣ֣һ, һһ˵ôţ
Щ˻ҪʰҲ档
ỲȻҪ, Ǵֲʹֽʰ, ҲҪЩʱ䡣ʱỲⲢڡϹ֮󣬱ȥ, δ
Ѿˣֻȴ١
ĥ, Ȼ˵ŻһãỲӦģʱһ, Ỳ
ỲȥʱٵլԺ
Ϊ˶Ŀ⴦Ժ䲻Ҳۡʱס, գͻԭĸۡ
ڼңһһȥҪȥԷ˳ط̫̫Ԫվ̫̫ͷм䣬üɫ˵߱
Ѿ˵˰˰ٻˡ
ѾϸϵϰʲôȺ;Ʒϸ˵ʮء
˵˶ٻأ˵ÿ˵Щ꺱緢̬֮һһ˵ʵڲԼ˴ɱ֮¡
˵̫̫
ȴһֱüǵŮʱΣհ˵֪꣬ǲǳԵԺ᲻鷳
ûޢޢվϰͷһӵӰֱЩŸСű꣬Ҳ֪ûŵӡ
˺ȻקקԪӡ
קҸʲôԪ˵øأͷˡһתͷûԼأȿңң߹Ỳ⡣
ϲɫһ
Ĺͨ˶ûУһĥ̫ûأŴүûδ֪
Ỳ⻺ߵǰƵ˵ɴ²
Ԫû˵ͷתһȥ뿴һۡ
ỲⲢ⣬Ҳ⡣ʣɴ˵ҩÿնã
Ԫ껹û˵
ЩţŭỲ⣬˵ãһֱзã
ỲͷԸŵļС̫ࣺȥϽ̧ݣϡ
ҪʲôԪ͵תͷ
Ỳ⣬ỲԸˣ
͡
ỲҲôٷԸȥҽݣҽҩġ
ỲʲôԪµˡΪµˣŻ
ߡصһ˵Ỳ⣬ҪΪжˣҾͻ࿴ͻл㣡Ԫ겻ССݵˡԸһȳӣײģҲΣ
ôϻỲƳҲͷٷϻһ䣬ۼֻɱˣˡ
㣡
ỲЦЦԪߵøһЩϴЦҲƣ˵Ļûа¶ȣ϶ۼҲϡĸлϡ࿴ۼҵ̬ԽԽáۼҷİҽȴۼҴݣñ֪ˣֻۼҡ
۾Ỳʮص͵Ц
㣡㣡㣡ԪɫǺ죬˵
ԣ϶øۼҹһ㡣ỲЦԪĹȣִԼСϣĮĿԷԪȥ
йؽӵḶ́ԪصỲ⣬ݺʹˣһδԡ
ỲӹС̫ѩӣӶز˲ָմһѪȻߵϴּԣٷϴ˼ε֡
̣һֱһʱһֱľսԪĶȱ̶֮󣬲Ϊʹ˹ȥỲϴֵӰԥ˺ܾã׳ŵӳỲ߹ȥߵỲǰˣֲҿˡ
Ỳϴ֣ӹӲˮգһŲͷؿڣĸ˵ʲô˵ǣۼûšĲӡ
ʶӣСؿڣҡҼүʲôʱѹѹ֮󡭡
մѪĹỲ鲻̫ãҲòôͷֱӴ˵Ļɡ
˿̽ؿڣڹòð
֣ỲϵɫҲԻܺá
ԪЩˣỲԤ뵢þЩʱӦѾǬ͵ڵȥپ̧ߣȥ
Ỳߣһ׷ſڣС˵лл
ỲȻͣ˽ŲĶˣԼĵлӡŵ߬ӣỲƵת
˵˵ĸϲ¥ӼۼҽǶĳӴӾץˣٹ͵ϡ
ˡ
˵ϲ¥ӼôǵˣỲٴתҿ첽ߵߣ˵ϻذһΪ׹٣ϯĸġ
𣿡ü̫ǵˡ
ỲЩعİŲҴңû뿪̫̫ǰʯϣƺڵ
Ỳ߹ȥ
ޢޢСرϧΪĶϲɩɩǡǡɸЩȥޢޢ
̫̫ߵѾ߽һӵݸỲ⡣ỲӹƳһۣҲûߣȴš֪̫̫лҪ˵
ǼŻȥỲⲻ뵢̫ãڣʲôֱ˵ǣۼмҪߡ
̫̫ЦЦʣСòã
Ỳɻ̫̫ظһ飺ۼûʱѿףлЩ˵
˵ѽ̫̫üĿЦţղǺġҲһ
Ỳ࿴̫̫һۣʣ̫̫ûĻˣ
̫̫Цҡͷ
Ỳٴοһۣ첽ߣˡ

ϹԹǰĻһһ䱳ٸڽ糯Ҫ˵Ļ̫Сˣһһ䶼Ҫ̡ЩϣԼ˵̫֮˵ġ
Ỳվſڣůϵˡ
㱼䣬Ỳ⾹Ƶ뵽¾ʡȻأ뵽뿪ǰ̫̫ЦǾ仰
ЦǼˡ
ỲЦЦӦ뵽ĴʡҲݳ޵Ķ
ͷſڵỲ⣬۾ЦôŻѽ
쳤һۣ˵֪ˣɵȥǳˣ
һһ߷Ըţ߹ȥȻỲǺǣ˵ٲҺ϶Ҫˡ
Ỳû˵
̧۾ϸϸشһỲɫ
ԹˡԼԡỲתƫȥ
վԭеĺӡ۵ķʽҳõġϹԹԼȥţԼȥỲ⡣
׷Ỳʱվ³ǰ¡߹ȥ°͵ıϣĲǳһ
ǺỲĶӡ
ỲùǺӣַһԡתۿֹۼҰСʵɵڶ
ķʽ
϶ꡣ۾ԹԵЦʲôҲǻֻٿؿ׵ۡ
أỲɫ䣬Ƴ
ϸԣ϶СѽһҪٳһЩԼ
ỲĬһʣأ
ƻЦˣԣǸȥԷѽ
ֵͺҡһҡüԹղһҡһ㶼ҵ𣿡


176 
ỲǰЦȻ, һǡҺ㡣
ҺġָͷһỲ½˻Ρһ˫ˮӯӯĿ
䣬һ˫, ֻʣһˡ
ỲȻһ˲ԼĽԴԭΪһжƿУǰ, ۿһԵءֱգ׸᲻ǣ, ҲΨһǣ
ڡ
ỲⷴӦʱ, ԼѾԾ̧֣ϰԵ΢ָϲ丧, ϸ塢һ˿ǡǡõ¶ȡ
, üߺȲ˿֪ڵ, ôһ㶼ҡ
Ỳָƣ°, ̧ڣ, ǰȻҲҲûôᰡڶ˴̫ˣҪǱȺϳ, ſԡ
Ҳֱ˵ŮӷĵıܡԽϲԽǼ˱㻶ϲֻ˵ȵȡ˵ᡣ
ͺһ, ɿỲ⣬˵һ΢Բص
ǡỲЦһסĺ׽˴˫ֵỲؿڣܵơƲ߱غߣһһ
Ȼ߬Ỳ½˵ľ룬װӵỲ⣬棺˵ϲϲ
ϲʲôӣۼҶϲ˵ˣñӳۼңۼҲϲ
ͷһԼñỲ龰ú档ỲָͷŻع
˵ˣҺöҪȥԶɿỲתߣȥỲӣٽһ䣺ԹҲҪҳһ㡣
ỲЦЦǰߡֱ߳ţйˣ֡ỲԵĮظıӰһ˵ᡣ
ԣҲ.ҩһʴ
ϹԹӱߣȻ뿪ǰȳԣûжӣǵСĸỲһ£գգۣʣɵ㲻˵Թ𣿡
Ỳ䵭Ƴһۣ̱ͷ׷
ʢһŴ׸ݸϣ̧СĸĵЦ
ỲԭŵϵʵۣٵڽҴŮʵЦȺӱŪɫ;Ȥ
ɣỲʱЦģ²̡ţб淨ûлؾеǻ䣬Իһȥڡ
ģû⣬ҲǷϲɡ
ڻؾ֮ǰıġ
ı⡣
֮ǰ͵̫һ档

ùţշ磬ԲҩӹһڽһڣһԶˡ
۾һգգҩϽͰ͵ȥһǡͰ͵ģʣСĸΪʲôÿ춼ҪҩÿŶ
˵϶ˣСĸͲúҩˡ
Ỳ̧̧ۣһۡ
ЦϣתͷʱƹߣỲǳǳЦһ¡
Ỳⲻ̫⺬ЦĿ⡣
ʡ
ԣǬ͵ù֮Ỳûߣֱӽڴǣ͡
̵ȸɨҪЦʪ۾Ỳģ˵ûʲô˼ûʲô˼Сӵѽ
رסỲ⣬°ʹỲļϣͷľ࣬˵⣬е
ٲȻ˿͵͵˵ܾԼãֻڻŵÿһն
˵ˡ
ʲôỲ̧۾κ˵ٻĻᡣ
˲۾Ц˵ڻŵÿһնúϲ㡣
þȫϲ㡣
ãĨۡ
ܲˡ
ֻöˡ

տƽ뿪󣬳½һ
˺ʱѡǵľ󹬵ӻһЩھУȻصУҲһЩԼѡĻᡣ
ᣬطûжǧ֡
ǧûѡ빬ûѡػؼҡ
ü
֪ǧ˹ͺܲԸΪѡ빬ˣڽʱĽ㶡ǧƹϵϺáӡҵ˶ܺãǧ»ؼң˲ܲͬ⡣
ǰͶǧû飬ҲǺͶǧӣΪǧдշԶǧһЩǺ׶ǧʲôǲ֪Ŀദ
պҪȥ͹Ҳ˳·ȥ˶ǧᡣûԺƼտӶǧԺ߳
տй˵ոƽҪ¡
̫ҽݵ̫ҽǶḺλƽû뵽ǧƽˣտ
࿴տһۣѯʣ̫ҽһֱڸǧῴ𣿡
̫Ļǰǡ𶡲˵̫ҽ١տ˶٣ؽ˾䣺ֻ̫ᡣ
΢̶Ц˵áտ񣬹¡վԭأտԶԺС
ԺкܶСӣΧŶǧᡣ
ǧܺóԣСǶϲ棬֪ǣͽġӡҲ
ɨһǸִٵкӣƽŶǧ˵ѯѴ
ҡҡǧ۾ﲻˡҲ֪ؼ֮ôҲһȥȥҡҡûá
ǧ˵໰֮ûá
̫ϲȰ˵ˣֻ˵Ҫĵطȥǣ뿪˶ǧ

һգۣ¹ȥˡ
糯ĵǺͽɢȥѾϰ֮󣬴볯
֪Լûʲô飬ҲӲд󣬻ȡǲͬٴЩϸֱ档
һвƽˮ֮°ӿΣһֱǱšòӽ
Ỳⲻÿһնÿ糯ֻĮؾȺ֮ףʱһЩ
Ỳޱվ֮£볯
ű¼ݱĵƵ佫ַ̫Ըڵа
ȴᶨ볼֮ٵٸһЩʱ䣬һ֧Ͻ顣
һ֧

ǱȨ֧ΪݣеıһֱࡣΪһػʵ۶˱߽ݣ룬ȥ߽ľӾսС˭еıѾ˵ˡ
Ỳ̧̧ۣƳһ
͡
ỲһЦһš׵ĴǵỲⷢȻỲֻЦһֱ³ûٿڡ
һװûתƻ̸顣

ỲһˣصǬ͵ʱϣϸͼ
̧۾Цһ
Ỳ߹ȥƳһۣСѵͼ
ĲڽˡȻʲôȱָС·
߻˰ա
һۡ
Ỳָһ
ˡỲ֣£ͼһҳʼúһĹء
ոϴͷڼϵĳƮŵ㣬ܺšỲչȥᣬƵ˰Ϊѵѡͼ
ã˳ͨỲҪ
Ỳ̫ûɱˣ˳һɱ˲ӡ
ỲţʢپƷСӲ;УֻһŮΪ澡
ʲô
顣


177 
Ỳʶתͷ, ľ̯ͼᣬһҳͼոոĺѡġ˵ƺǽ, ǰԢ⼪ԢƽǣỲǽᣬɺ׵ʽ, ƽҪ̤Ƹ߸ϡ
ڸո, Цڿ岻ɺ׵ķ緶
Ỳã̫Ц, ̫Цˡ
ǣ͵͵Ц
˲ỲԾ, пϵֱỲ, ỲûǸ֡
ʲô
￩һܿ˴𰸡ɫ˲һҰס
ѲйỲ⿪ڷԸ
ƫͷỲ⡣ỲⲢûп, ĿǰĿ䣬֪Щʲô
Σһ
Ҳá
ǲ, ҲǱ޹һͻȻҲǺ¡ֱļ, ¿Ỳļϡ

ڳĲ裬ü
ʰһԱһڳԣЦ˵, ⶼҪˣ衣Ҫ֪Ҫ߶вס
鵹һԼһ, ǲȷζĲǲһյ˵Ҳ֪ǲΪУܾ˱óٶˣζëζԲˣ
ʰǽйƤ£һϴһЦŴȤ飬㻹ӡТ
ϰԵؽִԼĶϣԼĶӣȻĪ˵˾䣺ʵӡͦ׵ġ
˵ʲôأûɣȻô˵ӡ
һҧҧ촽ٲ˵ʵǺͿˣӿڳ
ｻܶκ˵ºʰǶС
תƻ⣺ʰǣϴְһˣ˳йòã˳Ҳѧ裬ܳĲζԲԡ
áȥʰǲ֣ŲСܳȥ
תȥѡһ²ߣϵĺִȻˣϡ齫߷ϣȥ͸ִ̫ˣֻ÷Ű̽ȥ
ϣʲô˳Сܽ齫ִַվִ
лЦ˵æ衣
˵ţȥ衣
˳Լһ㣬波˳ڲڴĿ˳Ц˵㣬ʵǳĲʲô𡣡
ģ
ƭʲôҲ첻ʹҳ
ҲЦ˵ǻҪ鷳ҰѲˮȥӣͲȥǰˡ
˳ܿŵءϡһЦ˵Ϊĸײűӵģڿᣬٲ֮ǰСඡ
Цŵһۣ˵ȥȥȥȥͲ裡
˳ҲٴȤ²װ裬תߡ
ͷִϵϡֻһֻϵʵЩѣЩҲûܳɹ˳Ųˮֻˡ
˳˵ӡȥҪԼȥˡ˳˵
ͷִսУȥ˲衣˳㿪˵һȥſڣٶ˽ȥˡ
Ц˵á
е㲻˼ԴУߵ˶շźӳ֮ӷҪúûرЩ˲ǡ

ŲȥؾصؽľϣЩվһߵ˵ȣСؿڣӡ·Ը
Ỳû˵ƵطǱͼᣬÿһҳСѲͬĻʽ
ľϣ˽衣
һûõԸãȻ޴룬Ҳֻðվһߺš
֮ڣ飬ȥ
ȫ׷ʲôóỲĻתߡ
ỲƵٷһҳͼᣬſڡ
ͣ½ŲɻתͲǳٶˣ㲻֪ԵɣҲԼݽΣС߬ŵִһһ߻ȥ˳شỲǰ
Ỳ̧ŵЦЦƵ˵ۼŮ˶ˡ
ϵָ߬ȹӡڣ飬
Īܿ죬Խ߬еִսľǰ˼Ӵķ罫ȹᴵһỲϥ
Ỳޱ̧֣ѹڲĶϡ
ϣ黹ܸоỲĵıɴ˸¡߬ŵĺִȷϹ߽Բ󲻻ţ߬ŵģǱˡ
Ȼ룬½ִ֧ٴδˣҲȶĺӳҲؾؾˡ
ˡ
ǡǡǾ͵ɡ
۾Ŭڣӡϴ᲻ˡʱСˣѾᾭˡ
ԼһǷˣȻȥỲ֣һȥܶĺߵСš
˶òУ˺ܾõվ˵˻úТӡģ
һ仰˵꣬Ŀ־Ҳվס»
Ỳһѡ
ŲСվסһֻȤζظŶСηһһŵġ
һֱỲѹڲϵ֡
ҲԼˣȻġƫִؼԼ䣡˶˵Ỳ⻵͸ˣްΪ˵֪ǣỲﻹƣֻǱĳȫѹҪȻʮλҲúõػš
ỲЦһ֣ƵؿڣǵúúТۼҡ
ŵǿȻ£ûỲķ˫һֱӵڵء
߬ȹӵһɿæԸվ˳˳ȥ˳˳̽һһҲŲߡ
Ѫͷ߳ϸܵĺ
Ⱦţǰˡ
׷ȥԸȥź̫ҽŲݣĵؿŲ鱻ϴȻ߬Ų
ĲںܽˣѾǰ׼áŵϢܿϹһ۲ɫֱ˵Ҫˡڻ˳ȥֽ׼һ
оʲôӲе䣬һ£ִϵڲϡ
úõġڵء
ҧŴ˺Ѱʹʶ۵öҪģմˮתͷɳƵ˵ˣܻ䡭
һ̫ҽҲ˹˹澵ȰӲȥվ⣬ȴķһ˸
һѪˮĿơԼٲ뿪ĿҪܲסһ̧ߡ
ȥỲ⡣
Ỳ⻹ԭĵط޶ԡޱصһյ裬ϸϸƷ衣
ȻŬѧˣɵײݵĲ衣ζǲһ
߹ȥվỲߣ̧֣ỲĺϣСḧš
Ỳ⽫յ¡
ƽʣӦ𣿡
һ£Υĵ˵š
ʵۼһֱŶж񱨣ֻǹıӦ̫Ҳ̫ƮƮԼȥͷỲЦЦۼҺò׸Լѡ˸ˣȻǡ
Ỳ͵͵Цš
ҲǶһֱӦ
ԼܡҵرסỲ⣬ĻС˵ǲҪˣҪˡҰĸߣ͵ԶԶҲѡһӡϲкŮߡϲһĺӣҿȥҵı׼ûԸ̵ġ
ˣۼҾҪӡỲЦţŵķա
£սỲ֣⣬Ҵһطȥһˡ
ˡ


178 
²뿪ǡʱһƽǱ, Ǳİһֱڿĵط֯
ٵȥˡھ뿪裬Ỳطһˡ
뿪֮ǰһЩ׼
һ, ȥϡϱϥϣС֣϶, СĸʱҪ뿪졣ҲڵЩӣһ˲Ҫ¡ͺСĸڵʱһġ
ҪȥССַסָͷ, ߬š
ȥһСطСĸɵ͵͵뿪, ˶֪
գգۣɻʣ˶֪Ҫű˵ģ
ԡĵ, ֪СĸһֱãʱҪζ˵ҪԴ, ȥ糯ÿջһų±ǡλүϡ
΢Ц˵, ʵҲܵİϵ
áϵͷ϶õģ
ͷֵ, ֲᣬ
ƽʢ۶, һݷݷģ˼ܷ飬ǰд˶Ӧּܲ±ܡ
һֱæҹ, ڶһ糯׮ǰհ»δϵ鶼˾
εỲվĵط, 
糯ٷֱ𵥶ټࡣ
֪кܶ೼ӲϲҴǡǰ꣬ЩʣҽԴգҾͲϳˡͣһ£Ƶ밮ģʱЩֹ
еĲյ£ζ˵µ۵ǻɳ̰۸֮˾þԹ֪Ҫ࿿үġүĪҪҵ
Щ൥˵һһġȻֶλү˵ЩͬĻ
˵մˣǰé®ģǱʦпԵϳͬӸλʮ꣬೼ӶЩɲöã谮ġ
˵µ۽ףз¶Ҫ̰䡣ңҪġٸԭְɵܹ裬Ĳ֪춯ġ
ºʰǰشһԣšʰûʶȥʽ㡣ӣʰջ߿ʼԼĥ
ʰȥ߹ȥϥϵ̺ӡʹůĵطʢģֿʼηˡ
ߣͷѯʣδ˭һȥ
ݺͰ϶ߣɣߵһҲܴߣֻ߾ͺáպܺãȰݺͰֲ٣빬Ҳûãû˻ע⵽
µͷ
ѯʳϽɶסˣһһûа˿©
¶˿ĵЦݡ
µͷһۡСʱ򣬳ºʰǾ£ЩԽԽ㵽˵ǳǳ»̲סǸöǰ¶Сӡ
ƽʢŲҴҵ¥ɫе㲻ÿ
ҹӳˡ
ȵ̧۾
ˣǰڽ˷У·;ңңϢղ
˺ð졣
ط϶ʵڵģʱһ𳤴Ǵڵģེţ󻯳һ̾

ỲʱƵŸˮ֦ˮ˵ĮȻС
ȹżȥ߬ҡҡ
ѽ
ỲƳһۣʣﵽҪۼȥĶ˭òĸɡ
е㵣˵ǻطỲ᲻Ըȥԥһ£ͺһ˵죺һ˺Щ˼߰¶׵ˣȥɢɢĶôǼˣ˵ȥ鸾ء
Ỳⲻ˵ش˴ͷʲô鸾˵עա
ȿ˵ʲôءỲҪͷͷˣֻݹٷŻյƣ
Ỳ⿴ó˵
˵㲻ʡ
ߣߡ
գỲⶼеżҽյشʱ䡣ʱڻһԡ
ӱޣպ󣬸ϵ˷
ǸĻɽСûˣסɽҼһӰ㣬ھӶԶҲΪɽ·᫣裬Сϵ½ߣסԽԽˡ
˸ϳٶȡɽ·ǺܺߣЩ
µµԯУỲⲻõؽеҽ¡ߵٿˣתüӡ
ԽԽϸ룬ðû롣
ۼӣỲʡ
šӦһʵ̫ˣټ壬СӼߣϸս
ỲƳһһĺġһƳؿɫĺͼԣĸС֡
˶
Ỳ̧֣סĺӡϳƵ˵ﰡۼҿۼһ˰
౻Ỳָú̲סЦģɿɿ㲻ϸԭСֵġ㲻ϲԼùɿ
ͣųЦԥһ氲طˡ
ỲɿתҪšǰȥ㲻ʣʲ档
סỲ֡
Ỳعͷѯʵ
Це˵ҪƢҪˣҲҪһͶԼˡ
ǣ˵ʲôأۼôöԼߡỲЦ
ɿỲ֡
Ỳƿŵǰһ̣۵׻Ÿոᡣһ̣ƾɵľų
ʲôԺһը
ϰ֮ˣؾỲһ˲ɢ
ỲǰƾɵľһðΣһ⴦֩ƾլ߹ȥ
վǰһţŵϤĸζ϶ϵ˺أһֱһӸõĶζ
֮Ỳ̧֣ƿľš
֨ѽ
һ˻ȥڰļ
θϣ
ƾʲô͵Ҫʱ̼ס˾ģֻҪһգҪ˵ѪծΪǵ𸴹ĴΣ
Ϊʲôûѧᣡ
Ϊʲôɱɱɱ˶ңʲô
ҩιȥֻưͲܱܡֶ㲻ҪУƸ˹
𡭡ӣǱаˣǧǶ
ʮĵط
Ỳȫ϶˻Ƶĺ鲼˵Ŀɲݡñ˵ֱ޴һһҪ
꣬קסıӣˤһһſűߡỲۿĮƳЦĴΣˣʲô
϶˻ۿ϶ķճһƬǽ塣
Ỳޱ߽϶ǰķ䡣ȥղеּǱ϶ˣȴּűʼ¼ĳɳڱѧʲôҪѧʲôǱԹѧ̫
ջˣֻʣҳỲޱؼѱʲּ
ʹҹߣ֪ӡΨȲҶڳɼʱǰΪС֡
⡣
ԸҶݺεȿླĻ
ỲٷһҳҲһҳֻŤŤĸ֡
Ҷҡ
źȻһ˭ѽ
ϤỲ͵ؽ
һ䣺ǲ𣿡


179 ķ
ỲѸվ, ͷҲصؿ첽ߣվǰԺߣ, ֱƾɵľţվԺǽ⡣
۾ûʲô顣Ϊߵ̫, ﻹ߬ǼղеֽšзƵֽϵġޡ֣ǵĽŲ, ԼϤ
ŵѽôûأ, ǡ˼ҹұ۱Ÿ, һЩոںԺժˡߵӿտյشࡣ
˼ֱͣ, ۾Ҳ̫ʹˡ۾վǰԺһȥΪǲ, ϸһŷֲǡ
첽ӭȥȡ˼ұľӣ, ϸķôԼںԺժѽ
˼Ժеĳ¡࿴, Ȼ֪˭ˡ
ɽȥˡ㡢ǲ˵λˣ˽ҹģ˼üѯʡ
ҡԶľˮаͰˮæ߹ȥľﵹЩ˹, Ը˼ϴȥճһ߸˼ϴ֣һ˵ôԶ·ðķˡ
˼Ҹæץס, ŵʣ˵ģ
Ҳ˵ٴѹ͡
ţ
ǣšϸ˼ϵˮܺúܺá
ǡǡİ˼ѹսľ˵Ųˡ
ĬصһûĽŲ¿ڣҪһģֻʵһʱ߲ȹķջߺգæͻķˡ
ỲվԺǽ⣬Ժ˵Ľ̸ĸϤĽź;¡Ϥǻ㱼佫ͻصʱ
СԺаһ˼Ҳ૿ڣ治ţǺӻš
Ỳĸ͵͵
ĸǸˡỲҲǵĸǸ׵ˡˤˡˡˡҪ޵ġֻ˵˼ҵĲ£Ҳһᡣ
ЩǲҲزغడСǸ¡ĺúӡҲ֪ڳʲôӡ֪׶һЩĸ׶һЩˣӦ˸ɾˡ˵ҲĸϲЩʫī衭
Ỳⰲĸ
۾
ûгǸӡҪĸʧˣȫ෴ģ
ֱɡ
˼˵˵ʢᣬץס֣ӯ۾ϣʣɼûУƷԺòãǲǶк
˼ͷ˵ǣѾɼˡҵķ
˼Ҷʱ˿ץҲɿЦ˵ȻӡãáǳɻûкӰ
ԥһ£˵ǳɻûãûкӡ
˼ҶʱԼ˵˻æ˵żż˿ȥҲСٵȼҲ޷ġòð
Щ̲סƫͷ
˼ҺȻЩֽţææ׷ʣˣСǲί˰Ҫǲ֪ϱҲû˽̽һһ̾ͻᡭ
ûСϲõЦҺܺúܺãǺܺáֻЩܣôҵ
˼˿˵ǰ֪ţ˼ҡѾϲˡ
˼յӣᣬЦ˵Щ꣬һֱǹŰķæˣ͹ؼȥТ
áá˼۾ЦšʲôӻؼТĶҪ֪ǺӻţˣҲ޺ˡ
ԺſڴŲΪỲתͷûỲ⣬ɽ
ӭϹϾϥ
һͣԺתͷ԰ķ˵ķҵȻȥˡպһ
ھߣ˼ֳվüһ𣬡Զٷ𣿡
ҡͷ˵ķæ飬ԺһԷʱջء
˼ŵͷر˱ֹͣٽúչ˼ҡȻߡ
Ȼ˵˲ͣ˼һǲǵ͵ԺſڣۿֵһֱĿɽ·ߣתȥ
˼ҺȥˣȴԾվԺſڡ쳤˲ӣһֱüͷԶȥķ
ȥӰķˣķӹҲա
壬ȴһֱ

ĴỲɫ֪Ỳʲôʱ֮ǰ밢ķ˵ĻỲӦöˡ
Ỳûʲô飬
ĿƣỲŵҳֽ̽ȥãỲûܾߡ
ֽϵּѱϣü˺һű̧۾ỲһֽۣŷһԡӳµȡӣСӽõġ˶ĸһһȥ
ԯµµżǰĸ
һֱɽĵźЩѾõĸֲˣϸ봩ߣʼС֡
Ỳתͷ
û˵š⡱Ҳ˵һһС֡
⡱ֻû꣬ͣǰ˵طƫƧֻһĿջ¿ջʳãЪЪųЩɣ
˵ãûҷỲһܺŵĽ£Сܿˮ͸㡣
طСҲࡣƽղʱԲ˸٣ֻǰһŹӶһǰͷٴ˵顣
Щֲڵĸ㣬Ỳȴһû۾޳ָתһղյ˵顣ţ˵˵Ĳʲô£۵ҡ
λʵۣһһб˵ϹģĻУǻ˰ˣǧʷϣҪ˳ҲҪʮ˲
ỲתյĶȻͣ̧̧ۣƳ˵
ܵỲĿ⣬תỲĿ⡣
Ỳŵ͵Ϳڣ߰ɡ
ˡ
áȻȥǣỲ֣һµ
˵ӵضỲ⣬첽߹һŶʱüЦ

Ỳ⿪ڣǲӦ˵Щʲô
ĸ׵ȷūoйǧʿ֮һķƣιӡĲ̣Űɱ֮У󵨾£ũլ˺ܶꡣļҳ£ڹ£ʱʱҲǮǹķ˵ʢˣ˻Ƕˣ
ƿߴӵϼ
ۻһ꽫ȫץoйץȻˣǲҲкܶ˱Ѻͫoй;У˾£
ǧūoйȷˡǵÿһ˶ƶһ֮䣬ֻߣ᲻кܶʢ
ỲĲͬڣֹϡƵĽǶȥ˼ԣỲǱʶ𡣶ţȥȥҡ
סỲ֡˵ʵǰ鵽ķš鵽˻šЩѾʼµϰС

ջһֻ߰˼ͷ
ҹỲխĴϡ
ҹˣҹĻỲĶͷȻ뿪˿ջ
Ỳߺ󲻾ãš
򿪷š
Խؿվڷ⡣
磿õӣ㵵վ


180 а
Ỳ뿪ʱ, ֪ߵỲ´߳ȥȻȥ˸ڰҲڴ
ﱻˣΪԼŪ춯, վӵǰҲǣҲǡ
Ǳ㳳ѵģұû˯šһǷ, һ߷ԸƵƣϵ߻
ѩϵֻһ, Ҳ˯ţʣµһꡣ
һֱû˯, Щ
ΪڹϲȻԼֻǶݵ뿪գҲ뵽鶼׼, Ǻܵϡһӣһ˼, ͷٽһ顣
һʻҪӼͷ
ֺȻ
ԡ
Ȼ뵽һҪ, һһֱԵ飡
Ǳͽ˻˸λ뿪ʱ˵ҪȥͶӡ, ͽġ
ѽҸͶĿŵ췴, ҪԼƵۣ½֪飬ֺαͽһǻ
, ˵ȥ
˵ֻǽʯ֮λҲ˵ͨΪûбȱõˡͲȻҲ侲ܵ
Ϊʲôʹӽ
üĽһǧ˼˽, ô벻ͨ
ӺȻͽȻ͵͵ȥ̽ϢŪӵǲǻʵ۵ĺӡһ飬ȻõǵǸ߶ھһ·˴ӵ裬һ·֧ܶ̿ͣھȻɹ͵˹裬˲ء֪֧ھֵ˹ʱ˹һ
һվ
ôˣſڸ߽ŵϵһãȻظվ
Ȼץһؼһ벻ͨĵط
𽫴ͽ·⵽˭ڰҪɱӣ
ڰ
һʱ䣬ԼվƽıϡȻܱѲӿʱ飬һСľͻԨ
ĶһּȵҪص衣תͷ򴰻ķϣỲЩÿԽķֱӽӻͿһ̻ع裡
Ƶƽ˱һ־޴Ĺ¶š
˼ӽͷϣȻ۾źͼԵġ⡱֣ϸָḧ
⣬Ҷϣܰҡ
ֲǿ㡣
һԼƵĳ侲ͷĥһ顣Ӱ龰ԺзɿӹԼŬȥѰҴ𰸣κһϸڡ
ˡ
ӻ͵˼лعſڵķ֪˲Ỳ⡪ǲĽŲҲ˹ߵ
ʲôˣվ
ûлش
üȻһֲõԤС
Žش򿪷š
վ⣬󻹸żˡ
磿ȵվ㲻ǡ
̧۾ڵªĿջֻһյҪϨľɵơŴ򿪣ůĹһӳЦоůһȵ𴽽ǣʣһţʧ𣿡
һ£ü˵ô룡
ȻأѵỲҪ㲻֪Цã㲻֪֪ˣֹ𣿡
ʮİҲǼı硣
Ϲ˿ųЦĿ޴ǰĻϲᣬֻʣĮȻԹʣСһ𳤴ڱʲôһʶ̶ʱյˣһ˵ˣǡ
ɫؽеӷһԴϡ
侲ģ
Ҫ𣿡ЦţòܺͱɣΪҪˣ
Ѿ˴𰸡ɿ˼Ŵʱ͵͵뿪裬ĸй¶١

ҹ˾Ỳ»صլɽ޵ƣһƬããɱϾʮĵطɽ·̫ϤϰԵߵլĺţһƣžͱƿ
ʱǱ϶źܶܶġ񡱣겻׼ؼҡҹǺѰ顣
嵣ԼţԶźš
ỲϢԺУֱͷȥѰķŴ汻Ỳ׽⿪ȥ˯䣬˯춯ҪỲ֣˯ȥ
Ỳƽ䣬ֱȥڴ˯ŵİķ
չʱûҿķʱϸϸİķ
ķˡ
ðΣ̧֣Сؽķ𡣴Ӽֻ׹һή⣬ʲôûС˿ڸȾΪ˱첲ȥˡ
ỲҪȥķŵǵ첲ŵֺðûһ
ôˣʼն˵֪ԼԵǰķʱµ޲ȥĸо
Ӱ
Ỳָһ£̽ջ̧ķķ˯š
Ƭ֮Ỳһ˿Ц
ôȥˣķ߽ëȻڡ
Ỳ⶯ؽķΪǺñӡվڴĸһ󣬲뿪
̫ˣʱ򽫰ķѡ
ϣ밢һӰķؼҡ
Ỳ⾭˯ٻ˻֣Ѿ߹Ӿͻָ֪Ỳԭ·أߵţ֦ҶĦ
Ỳͣ½ŲӰ

˴Ӱ߳һ˫С۾һֱỲ⡣ߵỲǰ㵸رȻţȴֻܷ˻Ƶġ
Ỳ⿴Ȼһſڣҡ
ұȻһͣҲطỲ⣬˲Ц
ÿ
Ҳÿ
Ỳû뵽һʮꡣ
ỲһֿЦ뷨òһֱŵɣ
ǣỲţսӰķ뿪ʱҲ߰ɡ
Ỳתߣȴںؽлš
Ỳͣ½ŲתȥŲҴҵܡỲ΢һܻܿһ֧ӵơ
ܹЦİӵƵݸỲ⡣
ܲӵƣúֽܱܵ磬һɫ
Ỳ̾˿Щεؿڣ壬ǲһ
ỲʱʱңҲʱҹ뿪ǵڵɽ·ݵơỲⲻӣ뷨ԼһЩСϲĶﻨơ
ʮФ˸顣
ȻỲûӹĵƣЦ
ϹЦΪỲľܾܣһμơ
Ỳƣյɢ΢ӵơ

ͦÿģӦûϲ
Ỳ˹תߡ
վԭأ㶿Լ˵֣ðûعʱ쳤˲ӣһƬǵ΢ĵƹԶ룬ֱɵɵЦ
Ỳޱɽ·ɽߣżĿеӵϡƹůվҲӳ˼ů
ôһ˲䣬ỲȻ룬ҪıӦҲˡĻƱȻ㹻ʷﱻ
ϵǧˣ˵öԣ֮вûһĴкܶʢϣ壬Ҳк֮ܶϵѰա
οϵǧѾŰɱòˡʣµ˼ԭȥҪú˵
Ȼ
ỲصǼջƿţûпֻʬ塣
ӵ˵ء
Ỳϵӣ⡱մѪ
Ϊʲôһˣ
Լ
Ŀڷʹ
ֻ֪£¶Ҫᡣ
е׾ɢȥֻʣޱߺڰаѸƳɱ


181 ¼
ľ崲, ˵˯⣬˽ŲʱΪỲֻ, ææ£´
ԣС
Ǻܶ˵ĽŲ
忴һϵһСţϹϵ, ϵ£´Ķ˹·, ߳ȥ
ҹɫŴɽ, ǴǸ۵ţ, ɱۡ
˽֪Ỳаŵ书ýͿȡҲ֪ǲǸѧ˵Ƥë, ˵áòսеĽ, ̷
ΪԼܶණĸֻɴƾɵլʱȵطֻˡ
һȥɵϲ, һһŮˡ
˿, վԺſڣֻҪλָߣ˿Ի
Σν, Ỳĸǰ
Ѿͷ־ܣԸﵢ飬ỲȥֻءｹƵذ˰, ǰ壬߿뿪ԺţԺ
ƾɵԺױ߻һȣȻصء
ɱĺִ߷ԺſڵĳʣϾɵľͰľͰһȥŵˮһء
ƾɵľͰһ࣬һӰһ߿ĵʯϣľ̼ķѡ
嶢ǰȵصľźðΣֶ鿪ľľͰؿھҵš
СӲϲĶլʮ꣬һһľС뿪ʱģջٵķ䶼״ɨ
ߵԺţ˳ʣľͰ
ĳʣСľͰ˰ļҡ

ǰĺĿھʹ
㶣һʱ䲻֪ʲô顣
µɨ㣬Ⱥӭ˻ţзŭ֮
һ߻ɨһǰߣǼټķŭ
ڸʲôѵͣסǰĺˡ
ٴξŵǹŻɨĹŹϲȥȻǸܽһ赲ǰϲлɨ㣬֪ϮѹĿơ˲аǰ壬еĵױеɨ򿪡Ҳ˱ǿһȥݺײԺеϡ
𵴣ҶƮ䡣
˺Ȼ³һѪеĶ̵֧վ
忴űõԲ۾˻ƵذֽţȥץǸˣݺݽӳȥӵһϣǿ˺ݺҵһƬ
ɺ۾ϵ˺ۣؿھҵţٵ˻ƹֽСָָɣȺ˷ŭغš
˶쵽˲Ծ֪ǰȥϲԲ򵥡
˲ָʹ
ԥˡ
ųȺ˴סˣֺҲסˡع̽ʣ壬ҪҪ
û𻰡
ʲôˣֻ֪Լ˰뱲ӵļұȺ˳ƻˡ
ûаѼغãҪģ
島˻ƵɤӸߺһȺ˳ȥе֪һץסЩ˵õĺˣһһӳȥ
һһһ
˵˻зĹ˭Ҳ˵ϳȥϳȥͨͨϳȥ
ڱɫ֪ղץסỲĸ̰˰֣ʣµ˸롣
׷ԺſڣȺ˲ֻߣû׷ǹ˫Сظű߻ľţзİĿǻ
ֺһۣæ߹ȥο
һޣ޺õģ
ԶԣȥöӴӣһޣھޡ

²ֻɽһɱԶˣصɽļǻδߴ٣˼ӿٶȡ
ԭΪʮ׵飬û뵽Źֵһϲ˼ƻɫܲÿ
ܲԴһֱ֪ܲԼΣյ飬Ҳ֪Ỳ³
ǳޣ˺ܶЩļأȻȥĹνģѲǵõʲôǻٵʲôֻҪĿܹɣٵỲ˵ˣҲ޺
Ѿơ
죬ٿ죡ּߴ١
ҹɫֻŵЩ£ǸоΣա
ֱǰһӰ
ֵֶһ¡
ѾΪ˱ỲⲻҪûץظо˿񱼵··Ǳ֮·
һ·񱼵˶ԶǵӰʱ·һ˲͡˲ѯʣıߣǼǰ
û˵꣬Ѿȥ
һ˴ȥʮ˾Ϣ׹ʧֻʣԼϡ
ѪӵصĺѪˮѳɺӡ
ỲһѪˮʪ˿ȡ
ỲȻһ꣬ذ˹ѪӣΪ߹ǵž͵Ļᡣ˹ѪˮߵͷõĲǶһϷŪЦ
ԭһжûб䡣
ỲԶ߽Ỳվǰʱֵֺ߬Ȼɿһ̣ﷴ޾ˣϵĽ
ģỲޱطʡ
֪𴽽Цһ£ûҸոȥҲ֮ǰ˵仰ѡģҲ֪
ỲۿκζϵȻĿһʹڵأ˫ֽѹԼؿͼǻʹȻһжͽͣظо౻ǧ˺ҧʹʹϢʼ÷Ѿ
Ỳץ죬̧һ飺ģ
˺ѵʹʶʼģǰԼЦСǳЦ
á
ỲץһڴϢšţ϶˵ҡĲ֪ɱңҲ֪
Ỳʹټ
ỲȻ֡
ſڵϣڵشϢšãȻ̧ͷỲ⡣Ỳʲô˼ҪŹ
ɫӳỲûб
Ỳ̧̧֣Ѿ˵һ˱վѪ۾նѪֹʬеĽ̽ȥ
һһѾ˵ĺľګس߹ȥеĽľһδδ̽塣
ǧٿס
Ỳתޱǰߡ̧̧ۣҹĻｫǹһ˿޵ǳЦ
ۼûɱߵˣ֤

պϡ
õʱѻ·ֽǮֽǮһյģһݾ⡣
ѻǷݾ⣬ص꣬˽뿪
ݼ٣Ỳ⼱ò̻ȥţ֪ݼٵ⼸շʲô顣
ֵĽһˣӷʼܱʮǣҼһŽգ׼߳Ű벽żɱ⡣һһ뻧Ѳ飬Źκν䣬ÿһﶼȥϸ顣
Ѳĵط
˽¶˵Ỳһˣľߡ
ҹˡ
ỲɽһƬصءϷѻ񻶡
Ǿʮ塣
ỲѰһŷأ˻֣ɶ¶Ĺľ
Ỳڹײϥ¡
񻶵ѻƺоΣգԶ
Ỳ̧̧ۣƳһҹĻ£ȻۣԪ¼ľ
üĿĺɫ˷缢ƿʵسỲӿȥ
ÿʮ壬Ỳûа
⻰ġ
Ԫ¼ǲͣطɡԣÿʮҲΨһʱ㡣
Ԫ¼һʮһأỲͣڵھضꡣΪھ㹻
շ֪


182 
, ỲŻĹľ֮ϣԪ¼Ĺڻת
ɣ
Ỳ, ǰסӣС˵ҪƢ, ҪˣҲҪһͶԼˡ
䵹, Ỳܾ֮ǰ뿪ʼҴӣӾһ·ֻոŮչ, ֻһˡճȥһڿջµý˲ֹҪεס, Сͷ϶Ҳҿšصջ, ί
ĿʹȻһѪ³
Ỳ⽫ѹؿ, ĿڵʹðΣỲ̧۾ҹĻй¡
һֱһˡ
ΪʲôҪԼΪʲô
ˣỲѲǵ˶ٱ顣
е˫һ, ɲĹ̥ỲȻĽˣ޲ýԼԶԶһ
Ỳһ, ҹɽ֣֮صطġȰһһҲֿ

جоѣ, ڴجµһĻݡ
ûãǸܰĹô˵, ҲôЦ
е䣬ñӽԼΧ޷ֿʪĺ⡣Ŷεδˮ
ǳʪĵ¡
ΧøһЩ۾üһһԼǧҪʱ
ơ˯⡣Զˮ𽥸һ
Ǿʮ塣
Ķأ򲻿ɲԼ塣
˸Ѱ˱
䣬ͷ˿䡣
ʱ洫˽ŲŮţһѣȥһˡ
ü
ˣһֱûмҪƿ´߳ȥ·Ůǰߡ
˵ʲôط֪Լʵ̫ˣܼǲܵ飬Ա֮һֱֵܰشڷżҲվſڴΧ
ȻеĴͽͣΧģͷżɰʯۡ˵¡
Ů˺óһκ·۾ҹİɫ
һ䷿һȥŵһɹζ
ǽĳдһݾġ
һ۱ķ
ӾȻŷ𣿡ȿڡ
𽫱µǾ仰д꣬˵ôˣ
±ʣָָһŷϵĸ㣬˵طڵ£סкܶ಻㡣Щ㶼Ǹմģ
˳֣Զķݵ߹ȥ£˵ûҹԸϰߣƣܸмˡ
ˡЦЦС˶ŵˮﾻ֣ˮ֮󣬳߹ȥ£һԡ
ֱⶼꡣ
ʣǵýʲôˣ
üţĥŽʲôӡ˲Ϣ㶣һϵľ⣬Ŀ⸴ӵһۣ˵Ƕ
⣬ǶСϲĸ㡣
ԼӦЩʲô̽ſڣ֪ĺΪʲôһֱʵϲ
ͷ˵ɲԼ⡣£жš
߬߬֡ʵҲ֪ϵ˭ĺӡȥǵȥʱߵļŮĺ׶ȥˡĺʱУҲڶߡ飬Ͳò顣
һġ
֣߬˵Ӿûлɹϻĺ𣿡
ϵıûʲô仯ֻһ䣺Ǻӳ𣿡
۾񣡡˵
۾ʣ۾㣿
һ£Ŵûٿڡ
ȴü˵˵ǺӳУϴںӱ߱ץơû뵽Ǹ°˶°
¿¸ֺƵЦݡ˵֪ڴʲô⡣Ǹӵĸ˭Ҫ
˼תϵ飬ĵ˵˵Ƿѻġ
ʲôȵõһʱ֮䣬˵ĸоԴԺδ
˵Цģ⡣ЦЦѻǰūʱ̧ͷ㶼ҡˣǲǰˡ
۾˵Ǹӵ롣˲˶סǺҵĹ⣬Ҳ
úʧ˵ǰΪ㣬Ϊһ
ûЦŵͷڻţվǰֻҪЦһЦҿΪһСѾˣ˹ţŵҪúõػšֻһ˰ˣĺĽˣҵĿΧڡ
㾿ʲô
ȥ㡣ٿ˿⣬ŵζ
Ŷ˺һ󣬲񣬽ӹŮ㡣
ҹˣȥЪϢɣ̿һ͹ȥ
תͷʮеسž⡣ܵĿ⣬ʣĲԼ飿¥ģһֱԵǼҡ
¥ܶǰѾˣʡ
ǰʦץˣȻˡ
𣬷ĦʲôȻ֪ỲĹϵӦôĺ
뵽ЦЦϺ۾˭㡣Ϻ䣬Ҳ䡣
üʹʲô˼ıҪؽڷĴ¡
ԣʲô
ں·ϣüͷĥĿġص˷ûãŮȻ̿𣬻˴ɾ±ӡ
ůڴߣǰ˯ҲޡΣǧ֣֪ΣվΧȴȫһͷˮ֪ʲôΣյʱĽĥˡ
̾һһƬָͷڴдỲ֡
һһ顣
һżỲߣҹҪֵַģɱлɳˡ

ˣɽϵỲ۾
帲һ㱡ɭܻɢһֺĺ⡣
۾һ̣Ỳʶ̧̧ۡˣˡ
ü

ֹգ̿ԷٴŮȥ
һأڻ
ˣҿ⼸ΣЦţܺá
߹ȥֳ̯żʮͼǹŹֵǣÿһŻϵ˶ûлü࿴һӻŮӵŴ翴𻭵ˣĶС
̫ǵðеˣ»ʼŮӵ
ʲô˼˼̧۾ʣӽץòΪ˻ȫЩɣ
Ȼǡ̷
ЦȤζʣ֪ҳʲôˣ
Цţ˵㶪ˣỲˣÿ´ҵľ󡣡
ԼĿģֲסʣץΪ˿ôң
ٿɫüۣͼһʡ
Ỳĵң޴ΪãĵΪͨİ·նһѵܿƣûôãɺһ׮Цţŵ
ΪЮҵĹ
ԭأþûعĻɫʧȥѪɫԼһЦ
ȻһζΪԼĴŻζԽԽҡ
Ƭ̺ݶһЩɰʯ
üõԭΪ߲˵ǡỲ˹Ŀʼˡ


183 ŭ
ͷ
ת
ͷ, üչһټڻŮӿհ׵
Ŵ
һŮ, һ˵㵽ãҲԸ㡣쿪ߡӦԼӲӵ뷨, ݹֽ㵱ͽ
֪ԼóȻߡǲû뷨, ֻڵȸʵĻᡣ𼴱㲻Ҳçײ¡˵, Ҳûнӻ
ʱҴҽ, Ķߵ˼仰
ϸԼ塣
治⡣, ЦЦ˵˵İΣΪЮ, Ỳȥϵͷ᲻Ӧ
ػһ¡
ûڵĻᣬһ߻, һƵ˵Ǹĺ, ǧһʱͿ¡㱻ҹˣҲ֪Ҵɽһָոһֻ͸Ỳ, Ҽ¡˻е̡ͷȥϳ·ҲС
±, ״˴ϵī֭Ȼ󽫸ջõͼչʣΣ
ðΣһ˵񡣡
ü˿ֿ˿еĻ
ȷʱվó㵱Ҷģò֮ɲְˡҵģĲ
ڻٵˡǰ⻭ϵ˲С
֣߬߬ĵ׵ԥ۲ɫʣץỲĸ𣿡
ûСҪҵĿֻ㡣ȥĸӴʱ䡣Ǹȥɱ˻Ц̯̯֣ⲻһ𣿡
ɫףҧҧ¶ġ𣺡Ӧ֪ҵỲĸ
֪̹ԡ
֪ỲͬһգҿѰĸǸ
ԣüǰǺΪζ˵Щ
Ỳǻġ䴽ұ°֮ǰҲһͬһҺҪ
šü
һϿհٵͼָ˿հ׵𿴡üۺЦŹƻʣҶ𣿡
һվ
֣ʶһ
ˣУֹƭң档
ûдÿһɫɵЦЦ˵һҿĻʵۣ̫߹ˣ̫СֶΣ
ƹߵǰһĲӣˣһֱƵ󱳵ǽϡ
۾ϸ۲ϵı飬ӵսƺʱĲӡҲΣգٸһ˵ʵĻᡣҲھ㣡
ڶŭˡ
Ķŭ˿Զ㻹ôһ˿⣬˿ǲ޹ط¡
ϸĲӱźۣϢЩ׵߳ɫǿڣһ㿴ūԽ˾𣿻ǾԼӷˣ
Ŀų⡣
ҧ߽ҧгݵʣģ
ǸԼѣиܻţԼʳ
һأ
һĻأ
ǧƣԲȻһЦüۣѿڹһ˷Ķ.ҩ
ΪƶΪЮỲȥκ¡
ϵȻˣɢڵأž졣صص飬΢һЩɿ
˫ѹں䣬϶ţɫЩ̫ÿ
ߵߣԵһյݸֻѰı飬һ飺ģ
ӹĲһ΢Щˣ˵ֻҵգȥɴׯȥ㡣
ɴׯüԺзɿѰѹ֣ȴһӡûСתԸߵȥ顣Ȼת΢Цؾ棺˵滰ԴƵʱ򣬽㳢Űɱôζ
ָȥմһˮʪЦ˵ҵաһ㲻ðֱȥỲ䡣бֱӰѷѻץ̱ƹ
һѡҪȥɴׯСĻš
ܰ˵ֱỲ⣬˱³ɡỲ֪ҵеļȡԣԼȥҡҲȥץѻΣʵ̫ˡ
ɴׯһĵطҲ

ܿ죬ʹ߳˵£Ķûüߡ
ûпǹ£ỲѲķʽµסᱻ֡ҲǹתƵĵطȥɴׯСѡȥһȥɴׯ
߳£صӦر۾һۡʶع۲ΧΧһƬ֣ʵûʲôɱġ
׼ãƥͣãЩеزŲݵء
𾯸棺һ㣬ܣҽСҾҲϣ˵ֽŶɣ
ˣûܳƬ֣Լ嶼ܲˡˡ߹ȥ

µ뿪סһʱͨ°ĳھͱ˷ˡ
Ỳڵİһɷ
ĬĬʹƽǸɱ˵ĹǾỲϵɱ⣬ĬСģһСĶԴ
ӡЩֵĻ
ỲƳ϶ŵļʮͼһţ滭Ƴһհٵͼ
ǡỲЦһŻٵͼ˲ҷ

Ȼһ
Ỳ⣬û˿Ի
ۼҷǰƤ
ڻǣͷϢҷһ˿һ

ȥɴׯ·ϲ̫ƽҰ⣬ҺЩֲһֱ߷ɽԽ·
̵ĵطȥǰԶĳÿ洦ɼĲˮ̯һˡ
ʲôˣѲߵ˺ܿ췢һеĳӡ
µת򣬼ӿٶȡ
棺ϣỲлﵫԼԺһɱ⡣ǲܽǵģֻܴӽ̸·
۾׷֪Щ˦Ǹ¶棬ϢܿᴫỲС
ӱޱܿٶȸɴׯ
ߵѹûƭҡ
ûӻʮֵȻϵľ⣬ССڵسš𲻽´ݵģӦֻɼǸСǲ߻̫߱ˡ
Сϵľ⣬һ㱡ȻʼԼóȻȥɴׯ׶Բԡ
ıһȫٸһʱ䣬ʮٳ£ϰס
ҪʱΪһ̫ܵ漣ȥð
۾ǰִһյĳϲȼشʲϣ˶˵ϲĻĿ֮һƬɫĺƿ¶ȻĽաЦҸؾô޺
ʾߡľϲҷرٱҵĽŲ࣬ͷӯᡣ
Ȼе١
һжزȥˡ
۾ͣ


184 
ü, ת
úܿ죬ϳĳһ£ԥʣ, ͣϾҪɴׯˡ
ûеõĻӦϳԥһ£Խͣ
ջĿ, ƿһǣǰԼɼġɴׯ·ʯڣĲȥ, 򣿡
һκ
ܿ죬ٴδ
תͷ, ̡ӶݵĺͿлع
̾һ, ¡
ɫ糣صһԼƷȻ, ˵ǰˣʲôҪ𣿡
Ŀ⸴ӵһ, ĬĬת˵ҸոսʱסǶĹס, 龰Ȼҹҹȥؼҡ
۾, Խȥŵ䣺ǸʱҾͶԼ˵һʲôҲûеȵҲԿݵ, һҪ㾡ȫԾȡ
ĺܺáỲԱٰгıһв߻֮߱£֮߱ȫˡͷ, ŵţֻһתǿס
ЦЦ۵״ŵ㳰⡣
̧ͷʧһһЦšüһֲõԤ
ʣú𣿡
šüͷĿض
˻𿴼ϵժϵһ򿪻أ¶뵶һЩĩ
빬һգΪ˲ʵ۳ңö뵶ԼỲⲻϲϴŰٺıִ߱װ˶䴽ڽʱҽҩڲˮ;ˡ
ͫ͵һŵؿڣҲ˾⣬˲ˮ
ȻĻ϶һβҪٻһΡ
ЦЦһССҧһڡһƷϤζһƵ˵ỲⶮҽʱʶΪҽΪɣ۵ƫš˶֪öˮǲжץ顣
ɹ˶˵ȻĻ
ΪҲѽЦţңԼҲûнҩ
۾
ỲĶҩֻС˵ԾȡҪҩֻȥỲ⡣ȥỲ⣬ҵþȵĻᡣ
ɫƵؾ˵ģЦҧгݣҩҲԲҩˣֶμŭңڱɱ㣡
ҪỲΪ£Ȼϣ˶٣οĶˣһҲΪ϶ɨƽϰ
ˣ
ЦͻȻֽ̧Ĳӣŭԣãûа㣬һ·ˣеģ
ЦĬĿŤ۽ǲԾ䦳һʪ⡪
ΪջûȥɴׯΪڻݵȵꡣ
ϣ׷ˣ
˲ɿƿߴȥ׷˺ԶֻܿЩڵӰ顣
´ߴ¼ӿ쳵١
ԭļƻҪΪỲ⽫λ֮·ϰȫɱ⡣׶ǲỲġȻ֪ỲажỲǰѡ
ɨһϰỲޡ
ڣΪ˵ɴׯݵʧ˷ִ磬ԭƻһأƵشҡԼվ
Ҳ˵µĶֻҪỲ⣬͸о֮ǡỲҪҩôң
һԼ侲Ը¸·ߣӱ޸ȥȡ
ʻ÷ɿ죬ԽԽ
ַڳڣǿֿžҵĲʡ
һʱ֮ˮҲ׷ԽԽŲʣƿ̽׻
ѹѹһƬ׷һۿһ¡
ˡ
ϣ׷ԽԽˣᱻ׷ϵģϲƥ
Ȼʣ֪ΪʲôҴ𣿡
ɻЦЦ˲壬ȴ¶Ҫҡ֪ͼĶ
һ£ֻǵ֮ǰˡ
ûĻԸͣ
ڻεľͣʮϵҲͣսеĽ
ץܿһƥ
üԼܲӦɱƬ̺ȵط֮󣬲û뿪ߣǵתͷ׷׷
⡣ѹɻ̹۲ΧĻ
Щ󣬽ľŴҡҡλΡĲˮ˸ɽֻһľ
룬Ӧô߹ľţȻľſϣ׷·
ûڵỲ׷
ӭŷ۾ԶĨɫӰԼ⡪ľţ赲׷ȴδỲ⡣
ɻôҪЮỲ𣿿Ӧ֪Ỳ̫
ỲӰԽԽˣڿԿ١
δþȣĴǱ㲻ɹЦ
Ȼʣˮ𣿡
һ£ʶ˻ѣᡣ
Цһ˵Բˡ
Ȼȥҡҡλεĳľš
׹ʱˡһʱͿĻȥɴׯ¶٣ѲòΪҷöӡ߹ȿľỲ׷ȥôֹỲ׷ȥʲôס
顪
ܿϸ룬ײĲˮеĸйٶˮû
ˮˣ۾˶ھ޴ĺڰֻоԼ޴ƾšʲô˵죬ˮڱǻֽʶ˶ţȴԽԽû
ȻúڣոӦúһġ
⡭
ڣ춼ܡ
嶼ҪͿϢĸоУԼһһֱһ̣Ӳӱקһ
Ϥĸоûٴ̧࣬߬½
ỲԾˮ档۴ڴϢţķֺܿջĿ⣬
⡭
ǳǳ
֧ŰỲһۣЦݶܿ죬±۾Ỳ⻳
һûˣؼ䶼˱ߣ䡣
Ỳͷʪѹеķ壬Ŭţڡڡ
Ŭղ˲ỲţȻʧȥ֪
˹ȥỲŸҽǻеķͷųΧž޴ɭɭ
벻ϲŭаţڿǻӡỲһŬѹȥ
£ûʲôİΣҪ

ʪ·ѾˣỲιҩʼüѰ㣬ݼʹʱʱ䡣
Ỳһһıӹһһ̿
䡣
Ỳ뱧ָֻ֣ȥ
Ỳһֱ֪䣬纮ӵ˵Ǻܡ
ỲȥңԸ˲ˮͽȥˮһһ载ԼϣֱԼŸһصߣůӵ
ԺС
Ỳⴹ
ҵӵԶǲʣаֺη


185 
֪ˮŹŮû˭ȥѧ, οǸ塣
˵ᡣ
ԣ֪ᡱˮȥ, ռ̾һϧΪƭһˮ
ڷɱϻعͷѾԶ, ˲û׷һ˼̫ãµҲԲ𽥷ٶȡ
ں͡Լһ¡
ڡ
ϲһȦ, ƵС̫󱻾ˣЩĳǳؼȻ⡣ʱ, ȥɴׯš
ںһ£ѯʣʲô
ʲô
, ðβٴοڣỲС̫ع֮ǰȥ
ںֹֻӦһǡ
ֻһ, оЩٴ١ɫʱ, Ȫʯڡ
ȪʯҲǷǵ״̬Ϥǣ, ӽУǱɽլ
ļĸ, žͼšһ糾ع˶ͣӭȥһԲǰߣԽȥ˸, һֱߵĴ
ϸϸظҡͷ˵ʵûϵʲô쳣
һӵݸմһЩҩۡôȥЩɫҩۡƬ֮, һţЩҩȷǶǾ綾֮ʲôȴ˵Ϊδ
Ĭһһʱ׼ĸ˶ûü¶Ըÿչ˸
Ȼȥǰ׵λ£ѯ¼ˡ
²һӣһС˴ӺԺվſֹ
£ʡ
С̽ͷַСӲˡ
ջߣӣ鶼׵Ժȥ
Ѿ߼ϥһȻȥܽŽСſֵĺͯ
һŮ꣬С
ˣܽﱧŶվһŮļһͣе㷢Բſ޵ģ㡢
С׵Ļ̧۾˸һۣŴҿˡ
ܽЦˣ˵㲻ˣ
ܶŮңöá
߽ݣһȦ¡Ѿ˫Ĳ裬ӹһڣſĸŮ˵Ծջ뿪ȥ㸸Ǳߡ
ܽʶҪܾݷĿ⣬˶٣СڣһҪ𣿡
ûؿһۣܽﱧŮͷ˵֪ˡ
վĸŮ߹ȥŮͷһգûʲô󰭡ܿ뿪ˡ
ܽﱧŮվſڣӰԶ
ףǲǲϲңСｫĸ׻
ûУ׺ϲܽŮشϣ˯š
Ů˯ˣЦɢȥˡܽǲϲŮǲϲ
޸֮ǰ֪ܽԼ˶֪ҹ飬ô᲻֪أϣΪ쳤վůġ
ܽߵױ̨ǰͭеԼҪʶԼˡ
ǰǲȭƣˬʵЦšϾһķס
ֱ
һۼ֪ܽԼһӶϲϵڶˣʹ˶֪е顣
ģõ췴Ҫǣܽø׵ıɻ顣
ʵճɻǶӣȻĮٻҲ˵˵ܽﲻİҪһٰüķҪġ
ʼѧС
ͷ¶棬ʼȹװȥѧ黭ȥѧȽڣȥѧᡣ
õģĿ˵Ҫѧ
᳤ķǧܽСһˣܲˡ
ߵҪ˵ķζһŮ飡ʹʹǰѸ߹Զ
߳ŭܽ˴¡
вѾΪĻʺ𣿶ӣԸڰӡȻôŬòģôǲǳϣȥúأ
ԣܽдһţֻ˺Щ˼ǧཫ͵
ŵĿӵʵȻּŶԷصĻš
ȷԸõеĻš
ͬʱҲõеѶ
ܽȻ˸£ɫ˲òҰססԼ죬Ŵŵص
֮ǰδһɾĶľٰüûˡ˱Űζ
ܽҲ˵嵽ΪףΪպУǿ
ֹ֮ܽסޡ˴ԼŮеŮ

ΪǵԵʣǰҲϢǣοϡտҩϻӺŹңһۿ游վſţ˿
ϣȻȥҩ治±ץȥԴԴ̾
Ĳϲãòҩտ˵ߵ游ǰϹº͵ǳЦⲻǺúõػˣסڸڣýԶˣǲҵġ
ϲǻȥҵСŮˣҿɲڸڣԴۡ
տ޻˵ֻεЦЦ
ƽ游˵˼䣬˯ȥˡ
տص䣬δЪ¡Ǵϵһҩ̳ȡ汻ҩݰϰٿľ顣
ȡȥˮ֣̯ɹš
·ӡЩҩӴִЯ洦
һһȥľϵˮգظſʱ䡣أüɫ
ǵļƣӦˡ
˭
տеľ顣
ģˡ

˰գҹüڽչҲٶ϶ʹţ˱úܰỲĻٵڶҩҩЧãٺ䣬ǿʼȣһ˫Ҳֵȥϵıӡϵ·
Ỳ̽̽ĶͷȻ´ȥڵ̿ӶȣȵỲؿơ
Ǹ뿪һϵ뿪ֵšỲ⾻֣ӿٲ̻صȥڻ
ỲⱧڻüչ
Ỳ峣ոʱù̵ˮϲʹԼݵʱˣ¶ȥֿʼʹȵʶ
̿Ϩӻڴǣڵϣȥ
ҹףϣ˽ӵỲḧ˹ؽÿһͷ˳
°ҹѹصЩԺǰš

Ỳḧ󾱵ƣСȵŲչȥһţȻЦỲ⡣
ʲôʱˣ͵ŲĽ
չʱỲͷȥ۾
۾Ỳ΢Ĵǡ
Ỳ뿪
𴽽Ỳ⣬˵ǵˡ
չȥỲĴһǣ˿Щ
šỲӦһǵ֮ͬա
ͷһĴ
н񳯡ЦܿٴһĴ
ỲЦͬһ䣺н񳯡ȻٴȥһĴ
ỲⴽһڣҲһ¡
һһ£һ¡
þã޾ͷ


186 ̰
ỲҪȥʱ, ü㿪ˡסԼֻ¶һ˫۾Ц
ġ˺ЩĶĶġԡûʲô, ˵Ҳǽࡣ
Ỳ˵ãͷ´, ¼ϵĳ۹ϡ
Ỳһ¡üȻ
ˡ
Ỳתͷü, ȴĿ⾯ضĿ, Ỳ⸩ָ, üӶ̫ˡ
һ£̵ءŶһη, 㲻Ỳòʡе㲻ˣӵʱ, ϵԶһֲõܡ
Ỳ΢ĳָؽͷ˵ʰٹȥš
̧Ц, ˵á
Ỳ߳ȥԸŵС̫ࡣһţԼһỲ, 䴽ﻶϲּһ촹ָʱ顣
Ŀⲻһɨ, ŷԼ˺ʪϡϡϵʱỲȥֻһźɫ, Ҳ麹ʪʪϡ
ỲѷԸת˳ӣһԼ˶ġ
ˮһֱţỲԸһ˺ܿܽ׼á
Ỳȴû̱ȥǽӹС̫࣬ݡιЩ۾ʳϵϡ
ȣޱԼڴϣỲһ߹
ֻһ°׵ĳۣҲδ߶ֱ⻬ĳۼ֡ƣỲĽϡ࿴һۣ͵͵ԼڱĽ̽һ㣬һۡ
ĽŴ˺ö࣬ұĽŻҪסĻ˻νָͷ
ỲɨСҲûô⡣ŲСʳз档Ƴһֲۣͷһؼ˶ȥԡ
Ỳ⽫ӵݸ
ûӣ̧۾޹Ͱ
ỲЦЦ£Ķ۳øЩԼ¶ϥϵȡȻҨһԼˣ֪¶ȸպãһһιԹߣһڿڳιࡣ
ЩȻЩҲЩỲһۣԼĽŴӱ̽ýָͷһỲȡỲµƿĿ⣬ɫʮȻؼࡣ
ỲĬιһ̧࣬ȣڴء
𴽽ǣĵؽԼĵֹȥһĽűĽž˶١
һһСֻţĽ
Ỳ̧̧ۣŵЦۡ۵׽Ⱦ𴦲ɼᡣ
С̫ߵš
һɿ콫ԼĽջر
ӡʰ׵ˡС̫
𣿡Ỳ
ɿҡͷںԼģֻЩȥԡ
Ỳ⽫׷һԣһĳ۹ϣ߳䣬ҡ
ỲȰϵ·ˣԼġˮǰỲϿһۡһ̣Լģɿˮ
ˮϣûˮУͼϰԼһ㡣
ỲⲢûнԡͰ絽ڣ˶УʱԸٽˮֻվһԣҨˮϽ
͵͵ؿɴͰأ°ͿԼСϣ̧۾š
Ỳת
ʶ磬Ƭ̺۾ỲЦ˵Ұòã
̽ԼʮָݸỲ⿴˵ûͿ֬ˣɸɾġ
Ỳⴹ۵Цһʢˮľưݸ
ϲվ𻩻ˮԡͰЩ߶ȣվԡͰỲ΢߳һ㡣
Ỳ⿴һۣü˵ıˣûܡ
ţͷ˵˸ܵġȥҨľͰˮỲļ½ˮιỲšﵹЩˮʪĸϣơôһԥ֮ɫ糣ΪỲ⸧ϴȻĵءָͷһĲȱ
㣬ܿջ֣ɫ糣ҨˮҨˮʱ͵͵ȥỲɫͷڼϷϣʲôû֡
վֱ壬ˮϣΪϴʱһ͵͵ˡ
ỲͻȻ֡
һءһеľưԡͰԡͰˮľưˮˮϣã۽޲˲ȥỲɫ
ỲЦһӣһָ˹زȥϽˮһЦʣ𣿡
һ̫ˣźе㲻ҿỲ⺬Ц̫ȻؽƫһԣڸոỲⳤָļϡԼ˵
ȥܰ׺ܹԵӡĵطˡָͷ˴ʪԡͰء
ỲЦһȻָסĺ󾱣ȥ
ݶŵˮ׹ıǼ⡣ŵ۾䣬ˮỲ΢ı
ˡĴеǸġ
ʱٴỲĻкߡ֪кЩȥһֻ̣ỲĻ̰
磬˲

㲻ӡһȥ˳ѯʡ
ѻһɴׯķ˵ˣһ鷳¶
˳һ룬ҲǡӡΪ̫󣬷ʮǣҪ⣬ܶ鶼ҪѻӦøϻȥվСԺſڣĿͷѻŶ˺ƺƵȥ
˳꣬ҡ˳Զ
˳ջĿȥæ
ѻŶ˺ԶȻͣɴׯķȥȷе˵ɴׯɴׯϦ
˵͵ˡԣȥڵĵطҡ
ջٵϣªֿɲ
ȵ󣬷ѻ·ֻصǸѩҹ
ʺѾˣֻгûнˡ
ⶼˣѪһֱֹס
ʵܲסˡʶˣһֱŵ飬һ涼׼˽ء
ѾڹˡһǼˡ
ѻվ£Źۡ
ŵƵĹȥ
һμеʱŰꡣ
һͼūµʱͱȥչҹҲסڳΪ顣ʱվˣմųζӣᡣʱߵ۸
һαߴʱƥˡֹˣһͷѪһعȥл
ǰһɾӣûмĸɾ̧ͷжЦ
ܿ챻ǣԶˣѻԾɹиɾӡ
أ̫ҽ˵Ųˡ
澵Ŀߴ˷ѻ˼
ʲô
ѻתܣܵ󣬸պỲ⡣ܹȥ󣺡ӡȾȻʺӡȾȻʺ󣡡
Ỳޱǰߣ°׵멱
ѻԸΨһϣֻ֪Ỳܾˣ׷ȥ𾪵ĿУҵסỲȡ
ӡȱպǣ
ȱỲЦһ
ӡȱѻⱲ±±ӶţѻͷƴؿͷѪŪһͷһ
Ỳ鲻ƳƵؿڣ
Զԡ


187 
Ϧôȥ
ɴׯ档
, ỲĶԻ
˵лţȴû˵Ϧ򣬶˵ɴׯΪỲĵطǷĬỲɴׯźá
ϲ, ɴׯ֮ǰỲڰΧɴׯ
ĺɫ£ϣĻ߲£ɫʡ
ɴׯ, Ϧͣ˳, ȵʰںáỲٽ
Щ, ӳ, ƫ
ỲüĶñá
̧۾, СϵûɿǰŲ, С۽ֱϣתȥǣ֡ỲƳһֽۣС
ϦϪխխʯ·ǰߡ·, ̫ʺͬСϪˮ·ŴôõĴ, ̵֦ϪˮУˮϵĸƼһ
ϦͲȻոս, ·ϵҲࡣĺɫ£С־
˼գò׽⡣;Сøһ, Ϫ߽ϴ
ȥСһЩʮӡȥҪ곤꣬ϱ鲼ɲˡ۾ϴ£һ˫Ŀž޲
ϴɮ£ľ裬ʯ·¡
ŲŲС˵ʦ㣬ôú˸һ·
ҡͷ
֪ˡ̵ͷٶ˵ˣʦһҪ˵
ʱص£ȥʮСӶǰ棬;˺ܹȥľ裬ȥ¡
ʦ㣬ʦո㣬㹦οɳˣС׵Բ
ˣæ첽ߣһһſʦҪ
СҲϴõɮ»ȥˡ
תӷλʩҪݷ𣿡
Ĵ˲ðβſڣˡ
һ߲˲Ỳ¡
ʱ۾Ụ̆Ž۵׵ʪѹȥس˳ǣһ˿Ц
УӹСõڷǰعȼȻϹŴȱķԸԸһаá
Ŀϵķ飬Ĭġ
վ߹ȥŹ߲ļ䣬۾΢Цſڣʦ˺ܾõ·вˮ
߬ǰϵֱ֪Լˡ
Ĭһ˵ʩ
߽һԵĲҡỲûиȥ
ϣ۾һգգŴĿĽ㡣
Сʱ򣬽Ҳϲ衣
ǰСʱЦŶ˵Ľ˵ζֿ߷ֿƷ
õĲݸһǰ
ʱ⣬ݲصǰĶ㣬˽Ӳ衣
ðΣſڣʩĪҪˡ
ɿֱȥϵᣬھջ֮ǰҴҽӹһŭԵСЩȡüæյ£ƫһһԡ
ü
ءšһ˻ֱ壬輸ϵǰյ裬Сʱ˲ӣƷ衣
ޢޢҪǵú˲֮ѽҪؿһ䡮ò衯ŲڵĺӣѧϷӵǻ˵Цһš
ղյӯ۾ǰĸˣ˵һò衱
ЦЦΪһյ
ʩȥɫҪˣĪҪǡ۾ڴӺ㵹Ĳˮ
Ŭ𴽽ǣ˵СʱһĻã
΢΢ͣһ£õһյݸ
ȲУֻһǰѾ֪ţպµһ֡
ֻҪãҲ޷
㻹ţѾˡڶѡֻҪ㻶ϲȻ֧֡ЦٲǿЦݡ
ʱƳƳҲƽٿʱҲٴѹֵʡ
̧ͷЦŽ㣬˵˵Ļؼˡ׺ĸ׶ܺáڼŸסĸ׻ɩһơ񳤴ˣں÷ɿ죬ҲʹƯСʱӡ
΢Цţһһֲ衣
ֲСʱˣ϶غܺáֻҪһţͻúû϶ҰŮ飬ȵָŮ
һ£ЩؿһۣջĿ⡣
ܿˡѲ϶֮ʶһֱԺġ϶Աֵ⣬㾹Ȼһֱ֪
ĬĬһյ衣ĳĬﰲѾͣˣȴ֪ﴫо
ڲ˺ܾã˺ܶྲȲ衣϶˵Щߵ顣뵽ʲô˵ʲôûĿû·
ţûпڡ
ɫ׺ǡ͵ſڣתѯʣʦɷһ飿
΢ЦŽϵķݸ
л㡣
תż
ˡ
ʩ
̻ͷ۾Ž㡣
ĶñΪãȻһơ
ӵ㣬ҡҡҪǳԡϥһת߽ҹɫ
վſڣĬĿӰԶֱ߳ţҲջĿ⣬˫ֺʮĬһӷ
߳£һۿỲ⡣
վ£˵ĵճĮɫż·˾ߣ޲ҴҼӿŲ˺ض࿴һۣƳһۣʶؽŲİӿ
ỲĽŲ̧̧ۣΧĺ˲ɢȥһ˵͡
ȹ첽ܶȥһ˽Ļţòһ¡
Ỳһ£ı

պỲص˷
ķǵںԺդֻСĸ˵СܿҪôչȥˣǲǺӵӰ
ϳˡ
ķɫ԰ף⼸ճԲ˯ãС¡᲻ݱ¶ˣ֪ݣɱԲԣ
ķԸô룬⼸롣ÿÿ뵽˶ʼʮȥˣѪȵĹһجһʱʱǰ⼸ոʱ̸ԺУôҲӲȥ
СΪű¶ɱ֮ôð
ķͷţšԼѻ죬ҿ޳סԼ졣ֹס˿еĿֹסĿ䣬ʹӱһһġ
ķ
ΪǼӦ˺һŹʹתȥ
ỲЯվ
һۿȻĿ˳ǣһ֣Ỳ⡣
ֻһۣظĿȫӿɺޡ
һǧһС˻ʲôģռֻһۣ㽫ϳ

Ỳ⳶ǣЦǰ޵ŮˣȻ߹ȥڰķǰŸɾѩϸȥᡣ
ЦЦ˵СʱһĻ޿޿ޣǿޡ
߹ȥǵסķ֣Ц˵ķȥ
úã˲ˡϹᣬЦ

ֹգỲص˹衣
СĸڻϺ۾ġ
ķһϡ˵϶Ժĸɡ


188 
գգ, СһСĸĻһأû̹ԹԵصͷ
һʱ, δѲȥĸȺλӡ
̵صͷСļ, ССȴּᶨ˵Ҫ
۽޵ʹԼϸϸָͷ, ֹĸĸ㲻ĸ󡭡
׽һ˫С£, Ȼ߬ŵָͷСַԼĿ, üϺĸҪܵġ
۽޲˲, ̧۾˿ֵͷԼ֡
϶ڶǻʵ, ľ֮𣬵ӻôСǸ𣿡װ˵졣
СĸССĴ, Ͼһüͷչ
ǻʵۣǾ֮
ӦǸ, ʵ۸ӦþЩ֮˵ٿĸӦÿ쳤һĻʵ, ĸ
Цˣ۾غĸ󡣡

ڶ, ٴ糯׼⼸춯ĳ֤ȷ䣬糯ϣ֮ڽ¶⼸ӵ״ϸɷá
ñأӵڱȥйնκĻᡣ
ĵĳ̫ˣԶֹֻˣɱӺ
ڻûϴʱǻҪȻصкؾٰ˵ǻ֮󣬲ͼ֮һӲγ
ԣҪʼﱸؾ֮ˡ
oйеǣܶѾ˱ǵййʵǶ࣬Ҷס׼ЩԸԼĸȥй
ĹҵҲ½빬ˡǣЩ¹ǾҲԼŮڹУԼȥˡ
ЩŮӣ̫̫ǱǿµŮӣ˵Ҳ๡
ѡЩȥйګoйΪ˽̴Ĺйָİ

ỲԻ˹裬󲿷ʱ䶼չ֦ȻܿҪ׼ؾȻк䣬ֲʺ֦
ӡ
ӡңѻվſڣ⼸յıһķ糾
Ỳ⽫£ת߳ȥ
ѻһ۱µỲ⡣
˵Ỳ⼫֦ˮˮǴģյġⲻüֵǵ֬ôˮĺʱϡ
Ỳŷѻ߽鷿̧°ʾǽڷŵĹӣƵؿڣȥѡֵģƤá
һ⻰ѻ֪ˣ
ʱЦĵ߹ȥ򿪹ӡڹǰЩϡŹֵɱ˹۾ѡһһЦǺǵ˵ӡѰȥ
Ỳ鰸ϵȣƵؽչּٹ߰գҵС
ѻ²ŰɱߵĶʱͣϵЦҲűջٵЦѿЦʱѿ
ỲīȤζطıʼڰֽдʫǰİֽǵ¸ۡУ𻭵Ỳǰһ٣һʵī龰
ɫȥ̶ɭɭ⡣
ٶȿڣȥǸƤۼ
ðΣѻһվӺˡתһǰڳһɲЦ˵ӡƤЩߡ˺ûʸӡ
Ỳ⡰šһޱط±ʣûд¡Ƭĺɫϼ
ӦȥƤ̵ֶΣʱƤһһҩĿãỲЦƤһһĽѣʺ
ȥ
Ⱳӣ뿪һա

Ỳյ߽oй紵̴֦Ҷ̴㡣
Ỳͣ½Ųķ򣬿Щз̴֦ҶᣬȥϤ̴㡣
ỲļС̫಻ԣͣ
Ỳ⾲Ƭ̧̣¥ȥźɫĹǽãһʯš
ûʯʱỲһҵĽŲ
ˣ⡣
ûѧ·
ʯʱһС澶ʳнŲҴӭỲ⣬۾Ҳһ˵ˣʳϵĽҲỲȥ
ỲС̫ཹֿ죬첽ỲǰԼỲ⵲뽪
Сü̶߶µعū澳ϲ·۾ӡˣ
ʵµС̫£
ڻϿЩݺݺĹŮ˹˾ˮ֭ʲôģŪ˹ϣȻһߵǸһæҵظԷá
ⲻˣ
ϲöѽһӡ֭Ӷǧѡ㡰һСġ䡭
̧ͷỲ
ϲһϲ̧ߴӵỲ⡣ǰһʱϤױ˶ǧĽʤڷ䡣
ỲӸµƳһۣĪ˵˾䣺Ӳǳͦģ
ǿúÿ𣿳ϲһϲ۲
ˡ
ϲһ㶣ʶԼĶ䡣һ̣ڷӦỲ˵ʲôС̫೯߹ֵ۾ܲ˵سỲȥȥץһȥץ°ڡ
ӡӡūҲˣ
ŲҴҵشȣϵɫе㽹Լߵ֣ɨһۡ
С̫ɿϲ̳ʰ
첽ɨһ۳ϲ֣üɿ
ϲһɿֱ֣һ̲ԼӲԼҲҪ˿
ỲȴȻʱ˵Цһ
ûỲ⣬ü޵һѱһĳϲõˮ㲻źʲô
ӳˣϲ㶵ġ
ſỲ⣬˵ӳˡ
ỲصͷһȻӡͷֻΪ⻰˵ģҪӦ˵ݣνҲ⡣
ˡ
ǧø㣬СǶϲΧͻĴҲ⡣ԴϵǻڹڵˣԽƵȥѰǶ˺ƵĶǧᡣ
춡ǧͼСȥʱС㷭ˮӪȣ£ȴˡ
ֻǸ
ܻɡ
ʱˣҰ¼ݲ¡ȥ⺢ӵĵϸ֤ݶ֤ǻʵ۵⣬Ǳͽӡֻؼ֤Ϳڳ֮ϽҴӵļݡ
ȴʱˡ
ҴҸȥһͬˮĶǧᣬϸѯ˵ʱ龰ǧŵòᣬڴһֱڶ
˵û仰֪ʲԣת뿪ټ顣
Ҫ뿪ʱɨһ۹һԵĳϲ˫ϲ
ңô˵ҲǸŴ󻧣Զҵ˽⣬ôëëŵŮ
ͣ½ŲѯʣǴӶʱʼӵģ
ϲŻˣɪɪܿڡһԵ˫ϲػش𣺡̫Ļӽǰǲź򡣡
Щػһݵķ

ص¥üģ˼š
Ỳ࣬˹ذʯʯӨʯι
ߵŽ˸ﲻ´ҹݻϣ
һиιʯỲ⣬˶ٲż˵ϣӡܸǺӴ
ǿ񣬶Ỳһ
Ỳ˼ʯڿУ𣬵йʣա


189 
Ƶ
Ỳһ, ƿϵı̺һ鰸ȥҪд֣̿첽ȥ, Ϊī
űһֽд¡ƹ֡
£
ỲƳһ۰ֽϵ, ڣѹʣۼұ
ãǼĺˡ
¸˸, ת߳ȥ
Ỳ⿪˿ڣιһ, Ȼ󽫺ӱ¡źڳ±Ӥ᲻á׼, ֪⺢ҪỲϥµģЩʱҲûչ, ʹӲҲΪ
תʹеĲѹȥ
顭ƳĲ, ҪȰοȴһʱ׾֪Ȱ
ȥɡǿЦЦ
´ۿ˿ڻﺨ˯Сһ, ת
ȵȡֽס˴ϸΧŶӵСӽ˽, ٽͷҲˣóȥ紵

Ỳһùţɢб, ѻۡ
Ȼ׵۵ǻĵؽԶ˴, ڵļҲڱ߽ƵƵ
þˣʹ̺ӣҲò̫εˡ̧ۣỲ⡣
Ỳ鰸棬µ軭ɽͼܵĿ⣬Ỳ̧̧ۣĿȥ۾ͰЦ
Ỳ˲Ϣ±ʣɽͼ߹ȥ¡
ѸٳŲ˽󾱿ı䣬Ļ￴Щۡ
֪֪֮ԼǰӴҵѻӲдǿǿؽ
ʱ±źӽ
տ۷£ֱ壬ų͹ĺӣüȻ˰죬ų֡
𣿡
ġ½ӷŽơ
ŻﺨߵСӣüͷһӲرһǿӦˣóȥ
Щģǰĸѱţʱٻ
ضŻСӣỲ
ΪһƽþˣСȵһƣСӤ̶˶ϸСȴɽرƵģ
ðΣȷ⺢ûѹ˿ЦỲ⣬ѹҪҪһ
ỲЦһĿΪƳһۡ
Ƭ̺С˵е㱧ˡ
ỲͣһԷŰ
Ŷ
̵֪زתСĺӷϣһİšȷҲûٴ˿
Ỳⴹۣ˸ʯ񣬰ԡ
еĲɣһʯ񣬾ҪͷȥСޡ
ô˯һֱ˯СӲǶްֵ᲻ˣҪһֱСӹ᲻ȣǳǰû˵Ҫ⿪Խ⿪᲻䰡ô˯
ỲƳĲɵӣڣ
̳ʳָڴǰѹСˣ
Ỳһ󿪣Ȼõʯȫ
ڵŬſеʯ񣬿Ỳ̫ˣʯ֭Ӵ
εغҪѰӲ죬ƫһֱ鵭ỲЦˣȥǵʯ֭
ֵǰȴš
һ̣һֱ˯ӺȻ
ۡ
ס
ֱһ˫˲ǺӿˡæҵȥΪʲôޣŬСʱô庢ӣ׾ȥĿֹסһһһ󡣺ӵĿ¥
ССܷĺޡ
ʱ´漱æϽ
ԭˡ
üƳչСӡɰйûĸ׵ˣΪʲô¾ܽС֪˺ð
Ҫ𣿡
͵͵Ỳһۣԥֻι֮󣬽Ӵ
ңỲ£һ
ǰҹС֪˶ڰ˯šỲ⹲ԡ޵ʱȻֳɤӿޡ
һޣʶ䡣
ỲƳһۣӸ
У첽߹ȥҡҡҡø첲ˣĿֹˡ
ʼգỲⲢûаæеС
ƣ߽Ỳ⻳ỲĻ̧۾ü˵Ҳĺӣùһܡ
ȷỲ΢ָա
һ˲䣬Ỳ鷿ǸװŰɱߵĹӡ
˰ɡ
°ʹỲؿڣ˲䡣Ỳ°̧ʱһжô˳¡
ֱС֪ɿ
ϵĺδȥæ££½ܳȥ鿴ôֿˡոĸι̣Ӧò
ҡ˺һҡûֹĿ
ѵˣ
ԥһ£æȥС·ԽæԽңСϸϸ´˸ᡣ
⣬ң
Ỵ̀˰Ѽӹȥ´ϡ
Сˣɻ˵Ҳûѽ
䣬ɤŴӺȻˡ߸ףỲ½ϡ
ỲⱾͲͷɫ˲ȥ
С֪Լ˻Ȼס˿ڣٿޡ
˶ˣܴСޣæҵȥӲỲ½ϵա
Ӧò
ܿ췴ӦֱӽỲϵСȥһµġһһͷһۣỲͽС֪ˡ
ڣվһ
ֱԸһɾ£˶˹ϵϵϣȻҡ˯ŵĹʣˡ
Ҫʲôü
Ỳޱסʣһֻ󣬽ͷµתߡ
⣡ʶȥ׷׷ۻȥæһ¹ϣżȥ׷
ԴµȻСʣֳɤӺ¥ѡ
һ뿪Լĺӣ仹գҲ˺ܣοʱʱ
ĺһܹԵģôĻ޵ףǲӡʲôϾӡ
ȰԼҪſġӡʲôﻹһأһΪӣӲŻһֱޡ
һֱοԼ
ҹˣҲû˯šʰ֪᲻ã˵
ò飬ġǰĸأǶоʰǵĻû˵źȻһɾײ
ʰתͷȥ
ΣǲſỲŹʣһֻ󣬳ߡСʣɫͨ죬Ҳ޲ˡ
ŵˣֱӴӴϵȥ
ỲЦһĿɭζ黹岽ʱһ·Ĺʣӹȥ
龪ֵؽӹڻʶȥ̽ӵıϢȥĸ첲ȶúõģ˿Ͱ͵ؽͣС޳ӡ
ỲЦţָŲ飬޲Ҳˣٸۼȥ
ǡæӦ
ỲˣŷӦӳһͲˣǲ˶򰡣
㶣˼ŻºߵĺӡѵСӡˣ
һΣҺһԵʰۼֿһѡ

վԶỲ⽫С֪ͻ顣վ¥ݿڵỲ⣬һ𲢼Ĭȥ
ص޵Ű϶ۣȻôҲûô˷ա
ٱȴɶˡ
ȥ߬ỲָͷС˵Ժˡ


190 ׶
ʮ, ûгϦ
µȷʵ³ϦӦ֪ˣûȥѻ
Ỳϰ˸ܲСϻƣġڰ, ֻС̡ڼ񹤾տɲ֪Ϊʲôܾû˹ϹĲ, СûĻ֡
˷ѻĻỲһü, û˶ı飬µ
Ƿѻ, ˵»˼š
Ỳ⡰šһѾűˡ
Ȼ֪еȴûиȥһ, ô̫ƽӾҪͷܿҪˡ

صļ½Ȼ, صʼжҪ׵۸յǻʱƴ̡
糯֮, ҲǸǣֱĽķͷ֮һаˡĽڻϸɤжϵݡŽ֮ĵЧ֮, Դ˱߾ı½Щ, еıٶ١
µỲ⣬ʱ˱ߵ, ˶ΪҪеսʿȥ޻ء
ȥˣǵǸʱ޷ʹ࣬ǵҪһͬľ
ȴǹҪ, ƵֻҪ֮һ۰ˡ
ơ
Ѿˣعͺͼλس׼õʥּ²ݿаŵ˳֮͢󣬶ı٣̡д˶ǹ˳֮󣬶ĵ
ö˵˶֪ķͷ֮һˣȻܴӰ죬úܶСԥ䲼һа飬ǡʱ
˳֮Ỳ⻺ߣԴǶԳۡġ򼤶ỲޱȤ
վڽ¶ĵשϣ΢΢۾ů
ȻǺԼΪʲôҪ

ص¥̻һصĳϿʵĳһ߰£һ˵̫ҽǰ˻ջһЩƽ
šһӿڴץ˼ʯԡ
µˮ˵ȺЩˮٳǡ
ӹȴûȣҧŴʯǡ
ˣѾˡ
˵
ɺ̿ӱȥһ˽ϣȥ˶ǧߵѾߡ
̽еͼͼչȷʵǳϲ˫ϲĻ
ԭĸѾߣνûиոϲźġϲ˫ϲѾȻҲС£ݷ̣һ㲻ݡ
ĸѾ߶Сߵģȷһ顣
ǡҵѾߡСͳһ򣬺ʱġ
˫ϲ˵ˣһǸױҴĻԡ
˵ŹĿı¡ʱܳţ붡ǧƽãҲֻȥһΡǶ˫ϲͳϲеӡģ֪Լܼǡ
˹Ŀı£Ҳ֪
ô˫ϲԼֱ̫ױҴˡΪʲô˵ѣΪʲô˵һʮԵĻѻ
ʱûͷúȥ
ʱһԼлѣ㶼һģܾĸĸóԡ
ϱϥϣĻ͡
ֹһ涡ǧˡ
ǧĿԽɨһѾߡ˫ϲ˳صͷһʳϲûй
֮ȿѯʣɺЩˣ
̫ˡˮֻеˡǧִٵЦţ û檹ˡյУЩ㣬Ը
һˡףó½˫ϲݹʳ
ǧῴСʵϥϣڿۣҲĴæ˵͵ˣ檾ˡűº̫ˡ
ȥҪϢ
ǧϻ̳Ͽֵл
Ŀ˫ϲϣ˵ǴСǧģźӦϤܵЩ
˫ϲسǣɫѰ֪ԼĻԱҴһ
࿴һۣѯǧ᲻Сˮ̫ҽ֮ô˵ģ
˫ϲ״ϹϾػػ̫Ļ̫ҽѿҩūСڽϳͨˮԣֻȾ˷纮ѣûԵĴˡ
Ŷһ۾˵ԭǧˮǻЩˡ
ǧ᲻˼ЦЦС˵Сʱѧһ㣬ˡ
ʰǴտˡ
û붡ǧ˵ʲôԲȥ
ԲͶǧȥֻԲԸѰС̫వж˫ϲ
տỲ⼸ͬʱ
Ỳݣ£һõʯƵسš
տϰȥ֮󣬲Žڴϣտ
տ糣ΪľɼӣҩʱҪտǶඣעЪϢ͡
ЦŴӦףѹûо飬ǲͣѹҲǺܴ
տǰҩϻһľȡϣɻĿ˵游˸ķӡ
ľд򿪣װһСľ鴮ɵִľд򿪣ҩƮ
游ҩҩЩľ꣬ȻЩӴִϣ洦տºͣ治ɫѡ游˵ʱվҩҪɢңҪһִҩľ̸ߵŮɹϴ顣
óִ۾ѯʣִòҲԲִİɣ
ǡտ΢Цš
ỲѾһʯѶԹˣС̧̧ۣûʲôڴ·ˡ
ִϣ˵ԲˡѺþò
ؼ֮󣬳ת档
áٴεлտһҪԲ
տ΢ЦŴӦҩϻĸӺϣվ񣬻뿪¥
ҩġ
ҩġ
̵ġ
ִġ
ִտҩϻãÿһվҪƽ֮ǰͿԽִ͸
֮ϵգˣỲڵʱ
տѾ߳¥ܾˣͣ½ŲƬ̴¶ĺ¥һǡ
ҪһЩκǧ֮һܲ鷳
ҽߣĬĬոһյظ֪ϲŭ֣̽ķί־ʹٲŭŰĻϲ
֪ỲãҲãỲһ˵ʺȻͬر
ϲ
ήֻüۣظտѡỲ⣬ǣҶǣ೤
ϲͺá
տת̴֣ص̫ҽ˽ӣ빬صеСҽݣæµչಡ

ؾöʮһ³ˡо·ߣˮ·½·壬ٶȻؾ
ؾ֮󣬾ϵĵǻˡȻ󣬿¾ҪӭССս¡
¥ʼæµʰŻؾĶ˵ʵ̫æˣȫ˲ЩȫȨ
ۣƣСǰʮɫ뵽λؾܴȥе᲻á
һ̣Ȼһ顣ӼǴѩ̺ﵯɿȡĽ
֮߱ǰỲһ飬ڽĿ׶СֻǺæˣ
۾ȥƲڽ׶š׶Լʹ˿ģôû鵹
ỲʱͿУ˫ŵĽĿ׶洵
Ỳ˺ܾá


191 ȡ
þ֮, ֪תͷỲ⡣һ£ȻӦ, ææ־òףҵؽŻ
Ỳ⻺, 
Ǹͣôͣѽ, Ỳ֪ڽš
ȥỲ, ҡҡקһק, קԼ¡ȥĸ첲, תƻ⣺ķӦɣ
óỲ⿪ڡ
üͷһһرỲĸ첲
Ỳ, ûٿڣĬصȴšְĽֵΡð죬̧ͷ, ȥỲĴǣһૣ˵, ֻҪ㣬ҪЩ
Ỳת, ڣۼû
Сع۲ỲɫȻͲҶ˵ˣ˵ȥỲ, ߬
ỲǷȥ
ץҪֹǵȻһôҲûСỲ⽫򰲾Ľ֡Ƭ̺ȥȡ
ָģżõϣ֮£һ˫߬ôãһů⡣
ã
죬ŵضỲּĽֲе顣
Ỳ˵ûˮ¶ȣǹˮ֪Ҫεȡ
ûȵĻӦỲⴹ˫ĿŽ
֪ûỲո˵Ļ
ỲȻЦˣ
˲˿æսһͷỲѾ߳
վڴǰĳԣƺо
⣿ıӰỽһ
šỲӦһʲô쳣
šü̫ԾƬ̺ŵʲôսζ
߳һỲ߹ȥߵýˣǹսζԽŨֱߵỲߣڿˡ
ޱԼ֡
ʲô㵵۾ȥỲ
ģšỲ̨
˵ﲻ˵ЩֻҪۼңۼȱʱ̵ģۼֻԼ֣ҲЩ¶ȡ
ỲЦЦƵؽַȥճָһ档
̾͵ˡ
ʲôỲĿ
ʼգûʲôɫҲһֱ֪ۡ
ִĿڣ˵ۡ
ỲŽ̨£ָϣѯʣôˣ
һڣỲ˵ۡ
Ỳ⽫ſ˳ƴ࣬תԼñչָȥĥƵ¶ȿɹ
۾䡣һѹȥ۾̧۾Ỳ⣬˵ֺܺãϲɸɾӣҲ뿴ָϵˡ
Ỳ˵ãյַָ𣬸
šĿڣȻ˫ֻ࣬ȥ֡
ỲŴֽӳ֦ҶƬ̺ȥҧĶ⣬ǽƣ̧ȥϸ١
ʹϸ΢ĸܣñ˵ȥ·
ĵȥȡ֣ȥ̽ԼǷ񻹶Ů鰮ôֵ⶯쳤ؾãеġȡϻۣޱȼ򵥵ѧ˸ȡԼĻЩ
Ỳ⽫
ȼ
֪ʱҹ紵˰ȣ¹ڣǽҫùӰҡȥѩ̺С
Ϣţ糺۽ǹŵʪ⡣۾Ỳ⣬ü૰̽ҡҡôҲЩ
ỲЦһ
Եģۼ˵Ƕ.ҩỲչȥЦü⺨ģۼĿ.С
ӦЩٶۣļ̾գգ̵ۣסԼĶ䣬ȻתȥỲ⡣ʹסԼĶ䣬Ỳ͵͵Ц
ӡ˵滰
ʱұǶΪеҧҧż˵ȥΪһţһšҡȡˡ
ţỲȥĽ
̵תỲ⣺߱ǰһҹдõ顣
ٽؼһ䣺ֻһдŶ
ỲƳһۣ۹һۣһͽȥڻڱ˳
Ỳѩ̺ϵţչ
֧ŵỲϵı顣Ỳʹۣޱؿ顣
Ỳ⿴˺ܾá
ỲٶȣӦͿ˲Ŷԡ

ǰһ̻Ũ⺰ˣ飬Ϳʼյغˡ
鲻ԸͷָͷԼ˴СһеεСֹܵĹϵˣǱյغ˰ɡ˵ġ
һֻۼҵ顣Ỳͷ
ȥỲţỲֱ̧ۣˡû˱ķӣֻúߺؿʼˣ˯
ȥỲߺ󣺡ûзţ˯š÷á÷
ỲһѾƳģβ˵ݹˡ
һ̺ס˿ڡͷİװûסָͷ˲
ỲûʲôӦ߬߬Сؿѯʣҿһ𣿡
ỲĬ˺һŽϴξ˵Ļ˵ﻹһ񡣡
̧۾Ỳȴӣϣӵߡ
ᱡıͷͻ谵̳׺ȥӦһڿڰỲ
չȥһ㡣ǰţѰỲ˵֣С£ĳָԼĿڡ
Ƿ飬طࡣ
дġ
Ҳ֪᲻ῴţǺʱš㿴ŵʱӦѾˡԣʧȥһˡЩ׿ڶ˵ġ׿ڶ˵ĻͶдɡ
Ỳ⣬Ǹ˶
˼ȥ˵Ļһ١
ԣһ١
ôô˵Ķ
͵͵㽲ŶҸûƿʵҿɼǳˡһСӣ۸ҵЩ¶ҶСˣ
ϻ÷ŻңЩ˴˲Ÿ㶳ңΪҲ֪Ҷöˣ֪֪Ⱦ纮ѽɼĿʹͷҲʹĶۣҪôҩҩĺÿ࣬ԶǶֲ˵Ŀ࡭
Ỳ˶һһôͻȻذҴӴ°ߣϴ·Ҵ
аҰһ㶼ϲճ̣
лУڿջҶһ죬ǲ̫ˣ㿴ŵʱѾˣҿԸˣڿջһ˻һգ
СҼײǵ飬ٸĨȥǼ¶ɡܼǺһӣΪڼǰά˵ĺûͬˣʲôĪΪ˶ҺĿûģҪѱŵˣ㿴Ĳ㣡
С
ˡ
ỲǸ˶
ظ֪ڲڣҵˣ׿

żϣԼһۡ


192 ؾ
ؾ֮ǰ, ڰæ֮мʱ䣬ؼһˡ˴λؾȻһͬؾ, ѲͬС˼ˣﵽʵ̫ԶٸȥѾڸ·, ̫̫ؽϵլ
ѵϥϣ̫̫ȰḧĶз
ˮ, ˴һ֪ûлϥϡ
ϡǼҵޢޢǺҿ㸸˵һ¶߱ĳǼޢޢ, ߱췴ῳͷôСӼҼƵѻŶ
۾, ǹЦѵ˵, Ҳûʲô˱ˣҲġ
߻߱ˡʼΪʵΪز, ¶֮˳Ȼķչû˱Ҳˡ
˵Щ, ֻѵ֣˵ЩѰļҳδӽϹ, Ϊ˿ĸףΪ˿ԭں󹬣ϵǻӷæ, ûжѡ

̫̫ˣЦ˵㸸׻ҪǼޢޢˡ
˳ѵĻת˻⣺ôڼ, ȥأ
ĸ׵ȣ̫Զš
˵ͷҲۣرҧӡ̫̫Ц˵
˵û䣬Ѿ߹ԪˡҲҪŵʱѰŽѹҵͷ£ãЦѵһǰȥ
æò׼ʱңҲûǰ֪ʱԪŵȥˣҲڼУҲȥ˱Ҹ͡
ԪСϢ֪ˣҴһ¨ңȥѣſ첽ǰȥ
ĸסǰһ˵һߵȸסѾ˵үˣתͷſڵķ
һ̣Ŀ׵Ӱʱ˶סˡվе㲻Լ۾
ףȡ
ó·ʱе󣬿Ǹ׾Ȼûùȣ
̫̫Щȵؿʣޢޢ㲻֪
֪ʲôãȻʡ
˺̫̫һ̫̫ۡȻЦˣ˵С⺢ӰȻ䣬ĻҲǸʵ¶ġ
֪Ỳⲻ֪ʱҽ˸׵ȡ
Ԫ߽ǼŮϲɫ˵Ỳ⣬ʱɫһС¡
ϲЦּ׷ʣףˣ۲ۣԲù𣿡
ԪŮ̲סǣ˵ˡõúܡ
ü˵ȰȰ㸸סȻȬǴ˵ֻÿ΢ϰ·ʹ߸ͣ
ֹԹǲ֪Ƶġ
˵˲ˣԪЦ˵ٹ£ܳ׺ˣ֪Ĵս£ȸȳ׺ˣҪȥ̡
ԪЦţѾԼػսʱ龰ɰլбǶ佫Ĳ̡
ʹˣøսŸ׵ģҲ˵ɨ˵ĻЦ˵ѽʱҪװء
ԪЦţԼķ˵㿴ٿԼľ򣡡
̾һۣתͷȥˡƽԪѾ˵Ҫػսǲͬġ
һһ˲һ߳Ŷһ̸šʱѺ˵ԪЦһ
Ѿ߶Ӹ̫̫һڣȻСôûһ
ǵỲҲϲʳǵõޢޢָỲǰӸ
Ԫ϶Цٴɢɢ
Ҫϻ𻰡
ߡԪߡ
̫̫Це˵ǲӼˣ
Ԫһϣƫֲ˼Ҷ졣
ù˿鸸װԵĺԪЦ
ù綼˵ֱʱ֣ҵλӵˡ
ĺһɥУҲڣһ£˵ؾصд
λɱɷңԼУҪЩ񡣡æü˵
ֺЦˣһԽԽÿһԽԽ
ò֪ĶõĴˡٳǰֵĹŮŲѧŮ죬Ҫȥѧö飬ųҲҪһɴ£
ãǲǺæôæҪעϢ򲻿ɳǿΪء
Ц˵ͺڽʱһ
̫̫ʣɵɥ¿ɶ׵ˣ
ֺĴ𻰣˵ĺ¡
ϧ⺢ỹûɼҾûˡ̫̫̾˰ˣڽҲΪ˹
Ĭһš
˶ΪսϣļҲ֪սĽѿǡںɱ°ͼ°ķɱ塭飬֪
ˣսȥɡ
۾Щʧ䡣ˣǸǻĹǰ˵Ļܡ

ɫʱỲ⵽򸮣
Ѹ
úõģһҪúõġ֡
ҲҪúõġӵѣŬȥϤů㣬඼᲻á
°ʹѵļϣСʱһһ䡣
ɵӡ߰ɡ˵ʲôʱˣȥǿ㣡
֪ܣ۾˵áɿѣһͷسͣһԵȥô᲻ûߵǰִỲСϣ
뿪ңӳ̽ͷȥʹ֡
վڸǰĵƹ£Цš
ԶԪ߰ɣȥˡ
̫̫һһ˵˵ŮܶҪСƷвˣǵ׵Σ̵һ
ԪֱЦ̵СûӣҲû¡
ôûļӸ÷һⶼ̵úá
˲ˡԪ֣ŻЩ۵ǰߡộɱȤû
·ӳ֦ҶӰӣ̫̫⻰֡ӣף̵Ǹ̫ࣿ
̫Ц˰ɣ
̫̫һ˵ţҼǵǰ˵ԺӽûõģҪǱĬܰѵˣɱ˸Ȥ¶

ʮһ³ˣ̻ؾ
һ·ˮ·棬ٶǸϡ¶ʮһգ糾͵ػ
عʱҹ
㱼֮£һȦɫҲЩůĹס˴꣬صؾǣʹźİ绹
׵ɫеۡͣ£
ͷһϤ¹ǣϵ֣ŲҴҵؽȥ
̿յú㣬¯Կ
ϹԹߣ˫
ڻЦȥϴЪ¡
ϵͷߡתȻر˵ĸ󣬵϶ˣĸѡһů͵ĵطǣ
һ£ů֮˵Ǩ󣬿ɲ˵
ŶСԴˡ
Ỳӵת֪Լȥ棬ȼŵ̿
㲻ǺĽԻ¿ʼ̧۾أͲ뿪ʹҲߡ
϶Ҳߣ˭ʵأܲǲӫh
ỲЦˣ۾Ƶкβɣ
һ£ȷỲǲǻ´ҡæڣɫh塭
ỲЦһhΣ̫ҽ


193 ǰ·
Ỳ, סˡ
̫ҽ
տ
տô֪hΣ
Ỳų̿˿̿Ŀ⣬źɫĻ, Ƶ˵ۼҲٽ֣Ҳٵ̫Σ
ð, ҡͷ
ŴǣСЦ˵Сʱ, ƥ𡣡
ľӣÿնĺͯҪС굽ʧԭ, ֻһյĿںš
Ů棬ȴȻĹ⡣
̫ƽ̺, հҵžۣûսû֮ۿֵķģΪʢһ, ǵ־򡣡
ЦЦ۽ȼŵ̿, һ㲻˼
ɲЦҡЩƯƽǲҶ˵ģ뱻˳Ц˵ɡ˵ĶĻ, ڹ뷿ʱġ⼸겻ܾʲô飬ʱ±Ǩ, ־Ǵδġ
Ỳʣʹ֪Լ岻ͣԼ٣
źܺá˵, кܶཫʿսɳ䷨ѧ·ֻǲЩ, кηء
ðΣỲЦһ˵Ԫĺӵȷͦзǡ
ߵţ
´С̫࣬Ÿ߸ߵ۽鰸ϡ
۳Ͷ٣ڶˣܶ۶ǰ˾ǡŸջѶѻɽ
üѯʣ̫ʲôʱۣϴ
ھͿЪǰϴ˵վźصȹ鰸ȥỲߵʱʶؽִļϣһ·֡
ỲƳһϵ֣ЦЦ
¶׼õ衢㣬ϲĸֿζǹ
ڶѻɽۺ濪ʼע
Ỳתֱ۴αϣ
û̧ͷ֪Ỳڿһģһ˵ǣԲԣ
ԡ
Ŷһĺõ۷һԣһݡ
鰸߸ߵۣԽӳϸӳڴϵӰϸȴֱ
ҹ鰸ϵȲÿÿˣᱻ¼ʱȲ衣һһȲЩѻۣҹ˯һʱҲˡ
ỲĬĬ
ʱỲϣֻǸСŮӡͷҲżְˡ
ʸСŮˡ
ΪֻлŮųСŮˣ
˼ЦϹŮĽ˵żᶨ־˵±Ц档
Ỳֻһɻȼ
Щڸɵ꣬Ҳĵж
ǰε澳Զֹϣʹ΢ҲҪ㾡ӵе֮վʹںڰҲᶨ¸ңΪԼ߳һ·
Ỳʹɱɾһǵǧ飬ѡ
֪˵ѡɱʱỲǶôԡ
͸ġ
ٵˡ
ɹ󣬿ɰŨ飬İһˣǲģҪ
ȫ鰮ˣ˶ݣȴ
һֻŨ顣鰮֣ӵңΪõˣŻӦõƫ
־
ỲΪ֮ŬʱĵҲйɱ˸ҲĻ
֮ǰ·㲻ãʹֺ䣬ϣ

ôأ
ỲƵתŲ˿̿еĳޱؿպ졣
峿ʱỲ뿪ʹصĸۡķ屻
ỲĽͷ߸šޱؿһŻ򽹼Цšյס
бǺ£֤š

Ỳ⻺򴩹ֵȺоϢС
˶Լ·
ûǰ·
е뱯ϲ޹ءڴϢȺͣ½ŲãȻ
صУķЦ˵ķѹкúöڼûгţȰỲҪСģǧҪй¶ݡ
Ỳ⻻ѩɫɾͦΡ΢Цţ״Ӧ
̧̧ۣƾĻ
ǰһݵġαðķ֪Ỳ⡣
ķǰ컹˵ͷһưھӱ˾Ĵ̫Ỳ⺦ˡ

ˡ
Ỳ⡣
ỲһỲһôڵˡ
Ỳȥ¥ϣȥ֦
Ϻʺ֦֦Ǳһ·С˾ǡ
õķĴ̿ů紺֦ģûʲô

һ·ӱޣ˹Уһ·񱼳¹ȥ·ϵСŮС̫ǣܿ
ôˣ
СŮڴЦ϶ȥĽ£
ԺСŮæЦŲҴǰߣŲֺȻס·߻̳Ļѩϴһ֣ϵѪϴ
СŮظϽӡ
֣һѣһȥ
СŮ˵ˡֻǶ˯ıŸ˯ţҶ½ѡ
̧Ӱڳſڡ
߽ԽԽ죬ߵԣ鱧ڻŵһɱϢ
ر˲һѹʣòã
ͷЦɵɵ֪ȿӵ𣿡
ɿ飬ͷ˯ڲߵСһֻǿһۣջĿ⣬顣üﶼǸ⡣ʣ۲ۣ²£
·;ңңʱû
ôۣܲôܲ£ֻǶȥˣ鲻Ըᣬǣֻ˵һжãҲܹԡ
˵һٴοӣȵط˯ˣ۾Ц
ɫȥС֣ʣ𣿡
һ£˵ӡ֣̫֣

Ỳ˵
ЦˡŶӵС֣Ūţʣʣ
СֻЦ
㿴ϲ֡˵
һۣСֹɵĺøɶӣ
˵ˣмҵ㡣⺢ӡԭӡ̫ŵġӡС̫鷳΢һЩٱȥǺʲôӡǱߣƺûᡣ
ץŶӵС־úܺ棬˲Ļ˵ٵȵȣӡ˼ɡ̫ƹաơǡ
ӵС

ֻ˯һʱɫܲڷԱߣڴϣøտ
տ֡ȰϢɻûڣ֪ǶôִֵˣԼȰҲͽͣ㲻ڡ
Цȿڣ֪̫ҽҪ˵ʲôֻǸջؾ࣬վͲˡ
տף֪̫Ҳġ
ּһʳķӣʳƲϵǴҩЧӦѾûˣùŮ´һڷ֮ǰʱѶʰǽ
տĻѯʣҽææ
ջؾЩæ
䴽ʣ̫ҽһֱӻ̫ҽԺȥǧ
ǰӵ̫ҽ٣óٹȥտ̧һ
Ĭһٿѯʣ̫ҽıɺã
տ΢Щһۡ
΢Ц
տ֮΢Ц̫һ̥ĲЩ꣬һֱǸӡ
üĿº͵ǳЦ
Ĭһ˵˵Ѹ
ǡտ𻰡
֪಻һ䣬ûʲôڡ


194 ҹ
տص̫ҽԺ˽, Ҫߡ˫ϲŲҴҵظϹ˵ǧ岻ȥһˡ
տʰϵĶ, £̫ҽȥһ˰ɡ
££ҩļڼ, Խ˫ϲȥ˵Ļ١ջؾ, ѻ˺ܶҪҲͬæ֪, ܶ໼߸ѰСҽΧˮйͨ
Ǽǹ, ж̫ҽԺĹְȫȫչ໼ߡ
, ҽ˾ҲҪǮ
˵⣬̫ҽԺٺ»Ӽ, ҲǺ¡
С˼ԴҲѧ˵ҽտʱչСҽĻߡտ, ˼Դ˲ϵĺæӭȥ
үˡ
տͷʣؼСӵûУ
˵, ڵأ
տҩϻݸ˼Դȥ￴λˣתȥ˺Ժ, ȥhı֡
hϣճȭţտĽŲ, תΣ¶һ͵ЦڣԪΣˡ
տף߹ȥhߵĵ£Ȼؽָhϡ
Ϻʺϱ֡տջ֡
hһĴ¶һ˿ŹֵЦƵ˭ⶼǽڱء
˼ԴվԺŵĴˣտ֪ǰͷ˻ߡ˵Ъţǰȥһˡ
ԪΡhסտ󣬡ĲԸ𣿡
΢ЦţüżֺտƵ
տӿŵĴԶɽϵĻѩ˵Ȩøá
տh֣ǰȥ
һС﷢ŸգԼġտ¸ңǣСߣҩ
̩񰲵ʢıÿһĵտΪҽߣҽģ˿ССΪšֻΪССķ纮ʬҰ
տǧᣬˡǧţҲˡڶǧˮ֮ˣٹܶǧ
Ÿպɣˡںպѡ׵ۣպһζġ˫ֻ֣ˣɱ

ʮһһ졣¹һ˶ٵطҪһչңһͬꡣ
˽ҹ磬һʽĵǻ䡣
Ϻڽۣױ̨ǰỲΪ췢ỲⳤָϬᣬ˹ظᷢĶȴȤζĿеӴϵһδ˳ڷ
ͭỲ⣬ĪỲ顭ûʲôһ
ǰҲϲŭޱ顣ԼԾ
˼ͭỲ⣬Ȼ֣һԸͼΧһ
Ỳ⡰šһڵ֮顣
䴽ŮҪңҺ顣飬㲻ôź಻ҹ緳꣬źá
Ỳ̧۾ͭʢװյ࣬ת˵黰ʡۼ̲ס̫۰ˡ
תֻ̧°ͣ㽫ỲĴǡȻŮƤĿưغЦ
ỲⳤָḧĳָתƣĵĺԣȻȥͿ֬ĺ촽ŵǾޱĴ֬ĥ˴֮䡣
֪ǰ·ʧ˴ڵ塣Ψߣ򳢵һ¶ȣŵ֪Լš
ߵţæƿỲ⣬óԵһŤͷͭʺ֬οڴߣȻỲצ
ỲЦЦָһԼϵƳһָճĺۣʪȸøɾƵԼĴ
´һ߰ССضڳ󣬼һ£ŷӦ׾
֣ɶ
ɶЦȻһ㶼ˡԭ̫󲢲Ǻ׺ˣЦÿҲ𴽽Ц߹ȥԼССشġ
ɶãҲΨһˡɥ㽫ɶߣƽ

˸ظ׹ݣгиƷ׵Ĵ󳼡˵ϣ겻뾩īhҲˡ
µ۵ǻǰһյ磬ʲô˼˭һۿ͸µףɹѪͳСϣ۶̫ġǶŮȨġ
̫Сʵۻû̸Ц˵żѹ˽˶£ȻīhҪЩĻ׹ֹ̫ϳλȨ
Ҿĵǻ᲻̫ƽ
죿ҿhŻ׹ʦڶ˵Ҫĵǻȡ֮
һѹš˺Ȼ̾˿
˵ףǿ˾˼
㿴ҿ㣬Ĭ
ΣٿڣڹʱӡɲôܳҲ֪Ǹʲô⡣
׵ǸòٿЩҪ˵ӡӦ֧Сʵۡ
С̫ܵ¶̫ˣˣӡδػȨ
˵ǰ
С̫ǸˡʱǰҲޡЩϳ뷨ʹӾûóѡϧǸŮ
Сʵߣպ㣬Ҳˡ
º̫ˣ˶ͣСϯأߺǧꡣ
ǣϻķȹҷģش˵ڰƽ
غЦ
ǳϦҹڰЩ˵
ʦصλ֣ʼ轣ݡЩ߲ߣǴ־ѡˣȫԼĽϯ˶ǵĽˮĽ衣
ϣǾ˳ĶҲò񻰡
áޡ
Ͽһۣ˵ͣ
ȥϯŻָ˵ЦĿɨϵīhϡ
hЩͷ뾩龩һͬ꣬밧Ҷʮֻϲ
hЦЦ˵϶֮ʱؾвòصɡ
ϯ͵͵Ŀ⽻аһȻ
ףĿĴڹӰϹһ˿ǳЦŲŲæŶ˵
ŵؽӹ澵Ʒһڣòڿ
߱h
ϯ˾Ĭš
ȷʵɱǧŵһζԶ
ǡ
֮ȴΡ
οѾȥˣ񳯾ᣬʧǡʱ
hԳķӦ⣬ϯС̫󣬼˵̫Ю׵۰ѳֳ٣ΪȨλֶΡ
պɲͬڣף̫ģ޲ɡ
hЦ̫Ѫ֮߱ˣûаġҲѹ֣ܶԼķ֮ˣԴֲΪ档ֻ̫ǸʮĺͯǴĻѪ
ϯ˻Ȼ
ˮʱʵڲɣڰﴧ⡣
΢Цţɫ֡
Եüh˻֤ݣ
Ȼh΢ۣһĴǡ
ǧϯܳӹأߺ̫ҵģ̫ƴˮ̫̫˵ҲĻҸȵء
ѣȻŭһ
ŭǴҴء
תͷĸǧãˣĸҪĵģ
֣Ȼɨһ۹صĶǧᣬګhϣ¶һĨζЦ⡣
˴


195 в
ϯ쳤˲, ſڵķֱſˣ˴ϵ
ܶˡ
Ƭ̺, ϯϳмˡ
ǸǸ췴ֻôˣ
λһ磬ֻΪдʫʱȵ۲š
ǰ߰˸, Ͷĳӣӡд󲿷˶Ϊ, Ƕǲİ
hߴ߰Խں, ˣŮ, խ侢װ磬һǽˡ
ǲʶ⼸, ǫhɻ֮Ŀɨһֱϵ߶, ɫʱ΢䡣
󣬻˼ˣһۿȥѰյĴ硣
ʮ˸, ׵Ļʵۺ̫д
ƽЦ, ۳Ϳ࣬ſӱ޸ϻؾУɶã
̫, ϳҵΪ̫Ч㱼ʲô
ϯ䳼ǰͶү˽֪, ôվ̫Ƴ
ף֮µȥΪҽ󡣡
ǡ
Ӳȵ۹⣬ү֮ơ
һ仰ͥȻ
hԣѪһϰģۻֲˣ
Ųæ˵hڷأδǺӣҶѪͳ
ΪŻ֣
ɫh겻ؾȵۼ棬˷ֵ֮˷ЦԾòŲæ˵Ϭ֮ԡ
㣡
ݿڣ˵Ӳ֤ݣ
Ȼ֤ݡתվļմǰ
λΪǸӽĲš֤Ǹӵǰ˰ꡣʵȵ۵ǷҺ
͵Ĳ˫ȷؿߣǡ˸һǧѡҡҹΪֻǸСѣ˭֪ᡢð
Ųָһˣ˽־ģҲͶӵķ
־ǰһүԸ֪̫
ţ֤ŵǧòˣʣµǮڼðլԺһΪ֤ҲеǷټ޵֤
֤֤ڣǸӵ֤װס
ϯ۷׷ףһƬӡ
hɫ仯
ɨ˫hһۣhУüȥζĺЦĿ⡣hϵ߬ȭһ˿Ūĸо
ⳡϷŸոտʼ֪֡
Ʒһյ£յϸ΢۵ĳȴͣ˿ڡ
Դү֮ƣô˵Щʳɻ
̾Ͷ𣬵ΪӵҲû뵽гһջᷴꡣ
ʹϲҵѶ֮ķ
˽֪үޱᣬŭ췴ʵɻ֮ǰӴ췴֮֮Ļһ˳ԣȵٻõ˼˸ٻ뾩Ϊģ˶Լٻ֣к֮±Ҵ֮
ָˣЩ˳ھֵˣǵѺͼٻȥˡүвûԼ˿ԻͼٻӣھֵˣǸֵ֮Ļᡣ
h
hҧгݣ㿴
˳ھֵͷ˻ھ˴롣ۣ˴ɱˣǰ̿򣬱ʳĻıǫh
ԣhŭŵͻǺѪˣ˶ˣ𣿡
Цһƿڣh˱ʵʧͳ
hתͷıŭĴγĶԱȡ
hȻҪ֤Ƕǧ㲻أ
hס
˫ϲ߳С̫żصū澿֤ǧ빬ǰh˽
ģ̌ͷŵ˫ϲ
˫ϲҲԥҪҪū֮սʤң¶Ҳܿõ˽ټг˳µ顣
̾һٿڣ˼ƣֻhϹ̫ģô޹ͯ֡
hh˽ɺ޹ͯҪ޻ң֪
ūhһͬ뾩Ļ׹˽ͬhҡͷ
һŷ񶨵صǰǱ񶨵hؿھҵͲһѪ³
ͷŻմѪ˫Ŀͨ졣䲡֮ǻˣôܶԻλģ֪ԼҲΪĲǱ׵λһһ֮˵ЩһͬȽŮˣ
ĵһʧˡ
ȻŻϵѪԱٴϯѵǸ
ǧҧh¡еӥʧˡ
ګhϵĿջ
hһҲ
֮£ǽūh֮Ѹ¡
Ϊףĵ
Ǹʮֵĵ
Ȼǧ˾ģҪһȥ
ǹһ˿ЦʣΪ뿪ӣ
ľܣ˼
߸ĳӹأһ׮׮һ˵Ĵ¡
磬ϧճȱ˿ΧĴׯ°աʵЩ˿ŵˡ
磬֮ԩĳӡʵһ׮׮ԩĻƶ
ףϵıһһС
⡣
Ȼˣ⻹
Щ౻֪½֪ʱߵ»᲻ỳԼҲƭأ˲ʱԷƷЧ
û˿ԶװȥαƤҪѿ
ڼ˼˳ᢡû뵽δǸٻ֡û뵽ȥỲŰɱйߵӣȻᱻճ˽ҴαƵˡֻߣ걻׷ԽԽԴ
ĳţԭֻСۣ˵˵ţԽԽЩ¶ǣˣ඼ľʶܲߡ
ĴһƬЩʧͳ
Ŵ⡣
һ̧۾˳ųĿſڣỲ⡣
̤ѩ
Ỳ̧̧֣ڵϵ°׵ֵݸС̫ࡣɨһ۵龰ޱ黺ǰߡ
Ȥ
ʮϣȥأ֮޴ȥ
Ǿ
ôңңỲ⡣
ỲЦЦĿڣҹ磿񡣡
ͥ
ĬһϢſڣh˽ɲк޹ͯ޻ҡ㽻˾ദˡ
hɡ
ỲƳһɫҰܵhhỲŰɱȡֵˣҲĥ¡Ỳɺڵǡ
ü
ǧŵվ
̫ԴhǧܴȴڲΪĿеӥ̫Ӧòϣҵ˵Ǹܰɣ
ǧᣬܿ˵ܣȻỲĹϵ
ǧ˶ڷǰһΨһĳв̫ҡ
û˵꣬ǧӱصȥһ̴֧ʺڵϣһҲǰʹתͷh
Ỳ˹ֶ̧һ˿塣ޱؿڣ硣
ǧʬ屻̧ȥѪ౻hѺߡҲȥ
࣬
Ỳ裬ݸ


196 ȹ
ӹỲĲ, һڡ̿㣬ɵ˶գڻ, ÿһȲ趼һο塣
˵Ĳյ£Ỳ⡣ڵݲƿĿ⣬ĵŽ̺֮ϵĸ衣ܵĿ, ƳһۣΪһյȲ衣
ڣ費ϲ, һ֧
輧Ǵʧɫءϯ̸, ٴμžһ˫˫۾С̽Ỳɫ
СɵĲյתתȻڣȥɡ
輧ٴ, ŲҴҵؿ첽ȥ
ףƽʢĿһ, ˸ˣĽĿھݡ
ں̨׼Ϸ֪ǰ, ̽ŵǣС׹ֻ˿ӲͷƤǰȥʹŵòˣ׶Ǳ˰뱲ӵ, һʼݣ̹Ц, ֲ
Ỳ⿿αޱЩˣ
ףѹ, ڣӡΣ
պϷӱݽŵع
ỲĿɨһĽ˿, ڣ͡
ϷӶʱ˿
ĽĿ˳Ỳɫعۿţżǿ飬ûڡ
񣬿ɾˡһ𽥷ΪҹĽգҲϸ飬ܽ
ϹԹԵϣֱֻͦż۽ǵһ۴׷ϷĹǡ
ȥɡͷ
ԥˡԵĺͯǰˣ
ó½ĳ߹˵ߣտñ¡
߹ϻ̳ϿֵϥĿ˻ֻ̿имǣϵ֣С
ʱȼʢ̻𡣾еİ߳ϲɫ
ǣϵ֣Ǹ̨Ѥ̻
ϴ˵ǰ̸Ļ
Ը˳հ
빬˺ѹѹһأ̻ߺꡣ
̻ĿջỲ⡣
Ỳ⸩ףȥĻ
һƬӣỲֻüĺ仰ĺĺ
δǰ䣬֪⡣
ỲֱһſѤ̻
еǣ֣ܡ
Ỳһۣת׷ԸֽǷϱԪЪϢ
ҷˣڰ価ˡ
֣ͣ񣬴º̫ȥ
ֵ̧֣ݸỲ⡣
ỲƳһ֣ҹĻҫ̻Ӱӳ׵ֱϣֲʵ⡣ǷС۵ݹȥ
ûг˷ߣźǽµ·Ỳһ𻺲߻¹һ·ϣ̻ϣԼйƮСʱʱܿǵС׷֡
ص¹ǰŲɫĶ䣬ȥ֡ỲֽⷴУǣݡ
Ỳ⣬ȴûڿĿǰûʲô顣Ӵս̻ӰӳڰǽϣĲʱӳù½롣
ݣỲɿ֡ǰȥǰϵɫϵ޳ָ䡣
Žߵ䴽ڴʱڴſڣٱԾ㳯ÿ߽һٱһƬֱ꣬ߵǰſ
Ỳ̧̧ۣ̫˵̫ϲۼˣԼۼұĻŭţ
Ľɫϵѽ⿪̧۵Ķϻ䡣˫ֹỲĲӣȥĴǣ۾Цôôϲѽ
Ỳָ˲䴽ǣȻָմһ֬ЦЦĿָϵĺۣƵ̫鰡
üװԡ˵ҵĻ⣬һ᲻ˡ
ỲСۣϳǣȥһһ˵߰ɣױжˡ
ҡ
š
ԡҲҪġ
š
˯ҲҪ
š
Ỳ⽫ȡշת㱳ʱ֧չȥĲӡļǣ߽㲻Զҡǰ·գҹҹ飬һҡ
Ỳ̧ϵĳ졣
ޢޢѾˣǸۼҵһ߶һҴСˡỲȻûۼұӻҲƽ˳졣
û㣬һġҡͷ
ỲЦЦ
Ҫ˼롣ۼҿû޵Ĵ㡣Ỳ΢ָḧգο֭ۼôã
ȥĴĴ繵ۼҺ޲ý밢Ļݺ޶ȡĺĺҹҹݡ
Ỳۣһ̵
ĵЦˣỲ⻳
Ӧˡ
ȴӦ㲻ʳԡ

գ˸硣֪ǸҪӡŽʱؾصױ̨ǰתͷֳЦЦһ˫ϥ߬СȭͷСֳĽš
һ˲鸴⺢ʶͱܼжա񣬾ҪʹŮϵλ˵ǲãϵᱻ֪ҪһֱСٰжɡ
ȥ˵ԼĹǡϲһŮװƶ֣ᱣպźױʱƽ
Ŀ
лɡˣҲûԵķӡ
֣ĸ󡣡
˵Ļ
߰ɡְϴۣǣСߡ

һ磬ߴӻʹ뿪ųƺƵԪȥ졣ռе߾ʱ׷׹ظߺǧꡣ
룬·԰շ׷쳤˲У׵Сʵۺ̫
ʹʢװ֬ڲסŮӡ
˽пڿ»ͷ­̫һŮò֪Сֹλ̫Ҳʮѡ
еյĿܿߺǶɫĳ𽡣ỲһյĿڳϡ
ĳԶˣֿʼС
С̫ǸӣŮȴҲӲ˾¿ܵˡ
׵ĸӽ䣬ӲӡİڲܹҲˡ
µΣ˹УµĸǰҪҲǹؿͷū
꣬԰Ỳ⣬Ҫ
һ󰲾ɿڣô˵ĵͽѲ˾ֱ࣬ӳȥģ
ҡͷԲš
ͣתͷߵûȥһֱỲ³ߵߣŽֵݹȥỲСϣߡ
һƽ̹ש·߸ߵ׳ǰ
ЦŵͷҲЦͷѾյ̱˺Щ飬ĸʧֱͦССˣǰȥǰһס
ףҷصķ۸Ჽϡ
׺ܸߣӳ£ů׵ĹΡ
ķΣһںķҷβϾµĽ˿չ֮ϣչ
ĿǰǹŶׯЦݡ
ǰ·ңңֲ֪ռΣΪԼѡ·ͻὫ·ߵ̹Ȼη
һ̣бκʱ̶ҪӼᶨ
һһ㣬΢ᣬµת
Ȼ߸ߵ֮һƵɧҡ
΢ֺ֪ز׻
תϵصķȹ޶ҡỲűߣ˹ΪȹڣУתΪȹȹķٴչ
ɫȹڼ䣬ָᡣ


197 ǻ
ȹϵһ˿ƽ, Ỳվɫ糣Ʋ֪˵ľ㵡
ϹŶׯǳЦ, ջĿĿǰ
˽Ĺݸϣģؽض˹ء
쳹Ƭ, þòЪ
Ͻŵ·׹صȺеĽĪЩ, ˼Īƫߵĸĸ, Ϊϵκءʱ¶صͷ, վ׸̨֮ϣ·ݵ, ԼĪĸ
ϴǰ׼ļȴּᶨͯÿһСǰ˺Щ, ʱ·͵͵Ĭءֵļرгһ˿
Ỳⴹ, ࿴һССӡ
ϣԭĴ, ʱ˿⡣
գҲϡտ
ż, ԼһҪЩеĴʾ㣬һϸĵ
֮µպοصͷ, ֮εѧԽԽ⡣ǰĻ䣬ϣһ˿ϣԸնǡ
أԭ·عС
Ӹţ˼ܶ齵ʱ
ţ޲֧еһ֧ΪλͻȻ齵С̫γɹа
ͣڹĹǰ齵
ʱסĵĵ佫˧ԼıŶ
ǰ
μ£̫꣬ǧꡣ
̧ͷ̹ӭӾ̽Ŀ⡣
ҰǺݣղ֪ĳý˧˲ʶ
ʱ˷ףǰǵس
ʹĳϣΧ۰̲סʼеš̲סʼĥµ֧֣֪ܲ˾࿹⣿̲סٴɫĳ𽣬ȻỲӰ
Ỳѻظȥ֦

ӹ澵Ĳ裬һɬӱһ·糾ϵϲɫôɢȥ
Ŀ⣬ΪһֳԺС
һ·ؾɰõ¼˰ٰʮˣ
۾Цһ·ˡ
಻ࡣ´пޢޢˡ
̾˿֮߱ʱԶǧ֮⡣ÿÿҪΪ¡
һ˳úõġЦҡͷ˵ԵǸû뵽¾һ˰
ΪһȲ裬Цӯӯ˵ٺһȲ
˵ʱɳƵߡ׸ˮǧɽ߽Ӷʣʹļȴܶ±ϻȻʳѰŶһȦ鰲ٺãȲظϻ
ЦŰο磺İɣһжãҲçײˡ¶׼
ͷĿԽ򰲾ϵϡ
һȲϲӣҲ̫ϲΪ롣
˽Թй¡⺢ӽܵһǵ˽ԹӡĿջЦӱ߾һ·ؾ·˵ޢޢһ׮׮£Ҳҹʼ½Щۡ
նѣ϶αƵĽҴѴȻˣҲеƶҪ˶ãһα֮»ᱻø㣬˾֪
ĵĵˣҪȥġһ
Ѿ˵˺һ֪ãбȻЩҡ
סվ£粻̫ܰࡣϵ飬㽻硣ΰ֮
ãЦʹͷ
ǰһǵݸ龩;żľֹǣ˳˴
תߣ첽ҡ
ָ䣬ʢŭ֮£ûдɱʹԼʵ۵Ĵ㡣ǰ࣬Ȼģ˭ȰΪ׽˧
µһ˵ĵȻ˫սɱ뵶ǹΪ飬ʷϲȨıʹɱ֮ϣڹթȨıһ
ѣعѣ˲ʢѡ
һٹȻˣϲֹ̩񰲸Ҫ
ɽӴ̫ạ֮̃˲ʢ١

ʱ֣ͷβŽļ䡣Ỳ⴩Ⱥȥķ𻨸⡣
һͷܶĦࡣỲȺУżȺİײ˺֪ϳʱŰսսеСߣŵ˿ӡ
Ỳ˭ҲĹ𻨸⣬ƵشȺ
ԼϤ¡պɺһ·˵պϲɫܾλͬţҴҵعҡ
ΪĶϱҲ֪Ϊʲô˿ڲӣƫӳɻʮ꣬˺ӡ
պ͵͵һ̥ռҵɣ
Ỳޱվĥһȥռҡ
Ỳ⵽ոʱպɵСӸճͷӺӾһεŽӱҪʱỲ⵽ˡ
һỲ֣˶ɫ
պüҪȥӭỲ⾹ֱ
ӡªңк°պӲͷƤڡ
ۼ˵չϲǧ𣬹ỲƵֱ߽ӳŻĺȥ
չӱܵصڶǰ
˭ҲỲ⶯һֱӽչƿһԵȦȻҲá
ỲҪʲôպȡ
ỲޱƿӤСӣǸСɾƵռǧ𳤵ò
ʲôǧ𣿡պü
ỲתĿպɣһһ٣ռǧ𡣡
ǸɣΪ˵ŮպĿ⼸仯ɿشĦỲ˼
չȴˡãŭ˹ӣҪȥ˼Һ𣡡
պһæ˶һۡ
ỲЦЦ⡣
㣡պָỲ⡣
ỲȦ£Ƶۼ⺢ԵɹŮ
ɹŮպӦỲƺûа⺢ߵĴ㣿
Ǹް
ỲĮȻָ̧̧֣ŻСӵڣֽۼҸɹŮС֡
չպɡպԥ֮а졣
Ỳʣڰֽд¡Ϊš֡
˱ʣҪһС
պҧҧհ졣
ỲⳤָС˹СӼͷ˸档ʹС޶ʱ۴
㲻Ҫ̫ˣպɫࡣ
ỲСʱŵĹ𻨸⣬ߡպʱպɵļ磬úչۼҵĸɹŮ
Ỳˡ
չܶˣȥۿ޵Ķӣ첽ߵߣʣף˹ʲô˼
ʲô˼
ӤУպɺͷ²Ỳ⣬ֻ֪ỲҪаŮװ˼Ǻţ׼ո滻⺢ӣ
Σ
պɵռ»һҹ֮ʧ
ðΣպɳ̾һסˣ⺢ǸŮ

ա
ѩ䡣ͣ߬һ·ů¯ݸ£ִ̧ỲС·ߡ
վȣĿỲ֣Сָѩɫɴ
ôˣѯʡ
Ỳɫ糣˵Сˡ
üʣǰֻȳĬȥλ
ʽǻĵһ糯ҲҪڽ糯ϰ䲼µţϳĳҲոࡣ
պƵƵỲ⣬ĿеıߺڡĿ̫ԣȵؿС
հһ£һ£
ӵӣռҵжôаŮװʲô¶


198 
ỲⴹĿ, ĿԼֵСָϡѩ׵ɴ£Сָȱ˶˵һعؽڡǲС˵ģԼõСһء
ɴ, ָƵѹѹ˿ڸʹһ˿Ŀ.С
Գϵĸ̸۶ûʲôȤ, ֱ۵ɤ׿ڰ䲼ţԼš
ٹٽ㶡
µ۵ǻҪµšɹ, ǿĳʱŻĵİ
ỲЩ⣬̧̧, ֱͦСʵۡ
ϴĻ
ף֪ɽܿ, ֪ʻӹƷТΪϣ岻Ϊ, Ǹʵĺӣ֮ȵΪ, ΪȴΪݡ죬աԸհԢ񡣡
Ϊ̧ͷ, Խϣ
գ
޲㵡
ֺĴڶʱСػͷĸһ, ֺܿ׳ŵӻعͷá
һӵĴڰ
߬߬С֣˵ȥ
ۿ书ѫ׿, бŰвֹʮأδܸմΪ衣ÿǰʢ, ϦԱȣԡ˿ĭ죬ĹźǰΪٴʢ
ڳľУ˵һ仰ŸΪʢͣ
ҳһƬ
󣬸΢ε鴮ңңµỲ⡣
ỲһվһεԲĶֻ֪룬ˡ
ȻͿˡбҡҡ׹Ķ׵ȥġ
ԽԽ࣬˷ͬ
ỲǳֵƸˮǧɽ䣬˲һѷԺը
ʹĸоԺըѣתѹؿ˺Ѱʹ
벻ˣڵʲô
ỲȻתվĳǰˣȥһԲĮĿߡ
۵ĳ쵽ΪۣͣĿ׷
ỲЩĿ⣬һһߡ
뿪
վỲȻıӰۣ׷ȥӵܡ¯գԼȴϵĻҡ
ѩˡ
ỲãȻѩУ׷ѩ¼ͷŶѩĳǽãĿģߵͤ
ͤڸߴǻʹߵĵط
Ỳ̧̧ۣŶŻѩʯףʯҶŰ㣬һһ̧ߣƣ̧ķͤ
Ỳʰ׶ϣվڸߴ硣һһߣڻѩʯ½ӡͷѩԽԽࡣ
֮Ỳ˷ͤͤ커վڶ͵ɽʯϣԶɽ͡棬һ󴵷
վڸߴӰһһվá
ԶĻ́ͷߴȻӰʲôˣֻҪɵ£
ߵקקӣ˵£
ˣɥڼ䣬µֻһˡ
ǵͷ첽߿ȥæԼ飬ٲҶ࿴һ۸ߴһĨӰ
ûó²ڳµǵĿУȹߣŲɵʯףһһȥ
ѩ׷ףỲµĽӡȥҶѻʯѩһƬȴʮʪϴķװȹǣСߡʯǿͷô߲ꡣÿÿûͷŸߴỲµӰ򴽣ߡ
ã˫ȷǧϷͤ˫̤ڵ棬˿Ҳ˲Ū˻װֱڸѩĵ£ڿĿڣȴϢš
ỲƲžףĿϡƣڵ棬̽ȹڵһֻŻʯ׵һ㡣ϻĹװŪˣȾѩࡢմѩķϻһСѰѩѩܱԼлļŪʪڷ
ڲصش̧ͷ¶һźͮͮỲ⣬˵ǻȥɡ
Ỳûд𻰣ĬһſڣۼҴʱګoйһӵߡʱ𣬶ÿһ顢ѧÿһ¶Ϊ˸ϧԲа빬Ϊ£ΪԼϾк·
ỲⴹĿ𴽽ЦЦ
ۼվӰؿʹǧ볯
еؿڣѾˣ˽֪ϵĻӹбϱȻų걻á꣡
ظѾˣ
ỲףǣѾˡ
̧۾ۼһΪ˻ϲ٣ۼұгı뱾塣ۼҵĴҲû壿
ỲᣬҲԼ
ǧʹʹϢڻǵһաܲỲӣ׺ݣ
֧ţվỲ߹ȥȹĺңͬỲһվڶɽʯıԵ
Щ󣬽Ĺȹ߸
ߣ·һʧˤ÷ǡŶԸߴľ⣬·Ŀǰ˵治ڶҵĳŵ
Ỳףϵӡ
䣬ˮϣɣỲ롣
תỲ۾۾˵ھͱңһȥͬͬѨȪٸɸɾ
Ỳ̧֣ȥϵᡣ˵˻СҲֻǱ
°ʹļϣãǲۼһġ
ԣûšݵУ顣
ỲԽýЩҲֲ˶¶ȸۣͳŶ԰ĺ壺ޡۼ᲻ñޡ
۾ӵỲ⣬ȾʪỲ½ҪңһúԽԽáһ𿴺ǳ󣬻ҪеǡҰҵ־һ롭
Ỳͷֻظޡ
˵ڵֻΪ˻ˣû˴ڵ塣㻹ҰỲ⻳̧õЦݣôð塣
ỲЦһȻٿڣּ
ֱȥϲᣬỲЦỲⲻϲޣ㲻ޡҪȥһеá
ỲԼģ
ţصͷһ˿ССĽ
߰ɡỲǣĻ
ԥһ£üЪЪ
δ䣬Ỳǰ
һ£С˵˵㲻ϲ˵ġ
һСֹţһỲıỲվʯһһߡ
ָͷû£Ỳ⾱ࡣ
û¡
Сֹţҿϲ֣Ҫúչţ̵ġ
Ỳûӻ
ѩڷ׷Ʈ䣬˵ļϡͷϡ
īѩͷ

Ĺ֮£Ȼ뷨ں֮ǰƻ糯֮ϣ׿˵õ೯ķԣǰ˳ةѱ˵Ҳǵǵ֧֣Ÿ˵
Եܶ࣬һнų׸ġ

˵Ỳߴ·ͷǰߣֱ߳һȷ·
ʧȥĹ
ĩĵصսԽԽ࣬˶ѮʽֱʳǶ
ּʱӭս
ٹ£ΪԼȡ˻ᣬһʽս
޻ԪȬʱػսٴΪضս
վڸ̨ңңŸ׵ıӰ


199 ׹
ɳ, ѸߣܲġȰ׶ܣΪ֪ǸԼѡ񡣴Ӹ׵ٴο·, ػսʹΣգڴ´ϣص, ͬ
ỲⱧۣۼҺò׸϶κ, һ˼սϡ
תͷһۡ
Ỳ㲻˵
ߵ, Լֱ̧, ߡ
ϲỲ֣ỲСָȱһСڡɴº, šü۹һ
֪ϲɾ֣֮, ỲԶ࣬ǣ

ص¹ʼĳײ͢е̰, ֿʼ֪ж鷳˽˽ƫ, д۸ӵĹϵĹٳƺֻ˱µ޸衣ò˼ȥ֪Ҳڲòˮһġ
ɣҪ壬̶ˮеԽԽ١
ҹ, ڸ߸ߵľ֮УԽʶԼСۡҪѧϰĶ̫ࡣ
۵߽ļϡѮ, Ƕھ˵ﻹ͸ź
Ъ°ɡ̫ǲտǲĴء
Ȼ
ˡ
鸸׵ǵ˸λߡʢزĹټŮݣصļҾլҲæ飬˺ӣմ顣
۾Щźĺȥʵ߲Ĵڴ̣Զлĺһ㡣ʱޣҲֻܺݺģó´ĺմȥμӡ
ĩ˽أ㽫йһպĽݱأ˴ЦҲ˿
գؿϣҲȥ
̫дš
ֱӣŽһĿʮС
ʱйãָ·Ҳϣڹ
ȥө
ĥӣԴ̺֡ϲө֮өĹϵҲԽԽá
빬Ǯ̫ҽȥ
ʹǮ̫ҽŵǧپ䣬ûӦ
ԼĹȥȴܽԼδ׼һϡ˲լŮʱûĲ顣ҪԼЩʲôΪԼıһ·ٿƾԼıʳǡ
żϣ糣㱨
oйеҹѱȫȥ͵өС飬ƶ࣬Ǯ̫ҪˡЩҹ͹е汦ȥ
Щ飬ǲܳ͢ġ
ż㷭ڶҳĿżŵĩβüĴʻһ˵Ǯ̫ҽȥˡ
䴽
ҹ·ĵɫЩҹ龡Ҳ᲻áż£齣˴ͷ򿪡ΨһµһҹУڵ⣬۾ȥơ
˺һؽҹŻȥ
Իؾշæò顣յУ˼ֶҰµ¡
뵽˲¥ϵỲôᣬС
ȥӽỲ⣬ΣǿȥѿȻԼԴӻؾûȥ
ûйţԼһյƣٴ߽żܺİȥһĺڣеƹӰζò߹ʵҲûôڡ
ίʹѿ񳯻䣬Ҳһǳǳ̿

˳꿴ʱһ£æ
ӡڲڣѯʡ
ỲѲסڹеĲʱסڹĸۡ밢ķ顣
˳ҡͷ̫Ļӡ¥ϡӡӦû
ףƵݸ˳꣬ȹ¥ǰߡ
ȥỲ֦
Ҳ֪Ỳѧģһֺᱡɴֽţ֦ķʹӶůġʹƫůˣǼ䷿ҲŪЩʡ
˳һЦ˵ӡɱ֦ȥˡ
˳ȥ¥ϵȥϸָǽ棬һ
Ỳ󣬷Ĳ˸ĶһһЩϤҩζûô⣬еȥᣬһȤŻȥȡһ
֮˲Ծ
첽ȥܲ鿴
һһ϶鼮ᡣ
ҽ顣
ܼ䣬һתΨһûб䶯İ񳤰߹ȥ
񳤰ϣ̯Щҩ
һһſȥ֣
ϰҩСԹҩЩҩֽ꣬ŷסһƴճҩǵʱΨһһԲҩ㽫򿪵ҩ˺ˡĸױ壬罫ҩƴճһҳֽϣȴ֪ôʧһǡΣֻȥѰдһҩ
ƴӵҩȱһҲϣỲּ
νЩҩѰġ
ĽŲ˼
תİ񳤰߽Ỳ⡣
Ỳ̧̧ƳϡͰ
еҩ£ͷЦ˵
Ỳߵǰסϸ΢΢һ̧İ񳤰ϡ˫ѹİ棬սͳѻѰôˣ
ʵʵ˵
Ỳ⡰ŶһƵ˵ԭȵûʲôôˡ뿴ʲô飿
۾û
Ỳֵ޷ԭ鶼ۼҵı飬ۼұ
Ѿȫ뿴ʲôˡûƫͷԼỲǰͣҪǡ
ỲͷǳǺк֣ܶʱ˹ϸˮ
ۣȥһȥ¾õ£ľأʼỲķʽǣֽǱ
ڰ񳤰ϵǰŲŲϸιỲ⣬ظֱ̧ۣȥỲĲӣɴĿ们䣬¶׵СۡĶϵҩľỲľࡣ
Ǹտ˼ƺõҩ˰ľִ
ỲĶȻͣ
Ȼͣ٣ЩûӦ۽޲˲ۣߵỳƫϵҩľִϡ
һ̣ỲȻס۽ִߣһաſʱһľ鶼Ϊ˻ҽ
ʲôѽˣӸոյл۾ŵỲ⡣
Ỳȴۣ͵͵Цš
ۼѾⶫˡ
üĽš
ǣտСôùỲ⣿Ỳִ֮մϣΪⶫȷкôˡ
Ỳɿߵ࣬ĳ룬ȡһСľС
Сľд򿪣ǰŵҩζŨˡ
һһɫСӡ
Ỳ⽫ƹľӡΪʯٿȴǡϸƣʲôͷ
ỲȱһصСָرʱס
ųỲΪϵϡƿڣľϽҩЧС˹ǲõĲϡ
ỲƵǰ׹ǼĹ׹
ЦЦĥ
ϲָ֣˿ڣȡһ߹Ҳ
ȻסỲ⣬š
֪㲻ϲƲҩǾҩҶҪˡ


200 
ʱҪ˷Ը, ߲ȵͣǧߵļѾ߶ȥͿĵط˿Գ˫ϲ
˫ϲǰ, ȥ˳ϲһǮϲ˫ϲһֱϲϲɱϾСһ𳤴, Ҫϲ, ˫ϲĲ̣ЩǮ, Ҳ㾡
ϲͼ¶ĹŮΧһڽϴǵ·鲻ϴ, ͵ĶЩǵѡ
ǱŰһҪ뿪ģҺӡЩģ
˫ϲʱպϲ˵⻰˫ϲŲס
ԱߵСѾЦϲ, ˵¶Ƶġǵȷ֪ӡиŮˣ˭֪ȥǸŮ˵ڳƺˡò˵ǸŮ˰ɣ
ϲЩ, ˣ˭˭˵ӡֻһŮˣһĸ檵ģߡ
Ϊˣԭֽ鰡СŮŵصԲ۾Ҫֽ, ӡôһ˫ֶ׵Ƶģ
СŮƲƲ죬Բųϲ˵Ļ
ϲԷ, ˵Ǳţǵҽȥӡʱ򿴰һų˺ã
˫ϲû뵽ϲ䵽ֵط˻Ρѵϴλȥ֮ӡŵý죿
˫ϲˡ³ϲҪȥӡǵӡһ, ˵˫ϲйϵһˡ˫ϲ˿͸ϲ·תߡԭֳϲǮƵ뷨ҲˣϲӴǻ
, ϲȷٴϤŨױװŵȥỲ⡣
ûỲ⣬ͱƽʢżС̫ѺƳšֻ꣬һƳţʲôҲûãȻҪعŹŵһŵһ£СԽԽʪŨױİ׵ĺڵױϹ
ôˣȥİϲޡ
ѵ⣺ǰ
ϲ˫綶˶޶ˡ
ƽʢȥʱϣỲ⻳һڶ
ϲ˵ϲڰźỲķ¡ỲǰɱˣֻýԶԶġڳϲ֮ΣȫԼ컯ˡ
ͷƽʢϹϾصͷȥҿ˵ˡֱ߳ȥƽʢ̾˿Щġ
ʲôأֽǰסģлԽԽ֪ӡԽԽƵҹ¹
ַ̧һҳȻµٴ߬ỲȱһСڵСָָĥĶָ
˵
¼ݸ¡
ִ⽫ͨƬ̴ȥȻƬ̴ֻỲһſ̴µͷֻڳǰ˱ǡ
ֲġ
㺣ġ
亣Ĵ㣬ƬȴƮŵ㣬
Ƭ̴֣ӵ˲е̴㣬µϡϣһЩͬζĹ㣬;úỲȾ̴ζﶼ޹
Ỳϵ̴㣬֪Ѫζ
š¼ûԶỲѾסϸǡỲȻ֪Թ˺Ƶϲԭ뽫Ǹɱˣľٶʮá
¼ӿ˽Ų

գտҽݽһա
һλǸ߰Скˤ˸첲ÿԼտΪҩһΣٽҩݸۿȹ⣬ιһǡ
𣬺Цǹһ£ҩϻ뿪
Ľֵǰʱ֣ຢͯ׷֣Цźк΢ЦһһסʹʶȺͯ
ӡ糣ȥ㡣
˵Ļػڶϡ
տ˵㲻Բǰһҽ޵ȥѰաһ˵޵ģҽãһ˿ɾǧˣʮˣɾˡǧˣɾȰˡ
ҽã
տǰδ˵ǣԥ˼գ⡣
ҽѧҽˣ඼Щ޹ʵĿҲǺѰôֵСǡȻˣѧ˲ȫŮӣҲӣֻǵѧҽ
տŽҪɽͣԼν̳ҽߡ
紵޵ǳ㡣
տפ·ֵĺ֡
ڹຣģ֪ôģ⾩Ҳʼ׷Ч£洦ɼġ
տ̧֣֦̽һ亣ģᡣ
ϽҲǳ㡣
տ۾ָ亣Ƭ̣ȥ
ƽ˲½ȴܶˣ֡տȻԭǰݹӣд¡ꡱĸ֡
ϣÿһҳĸ֡
ʶϺһ䡰ӷ𡱣üĿڣкϻ顣ŮڸּѽڣסδȢΪԼ׳һԵ
տܾԥ֮ЦӦ£ȥһԵŶӡǰгĶ飬˫ɶԣĻΡ
տ˺ܾãߵǰ
겻СУЦŸݱʡ
ϣ˽Լ˵дһдԵĴ
տձʣںдһء֡
أỲĻ
տźȥ˺ϻȺĻЦУϵؽסˣ紵ĺ
Ըɪ
֮ĵףƲ
гһͷᷢһֱ
տϣغһյȡΪԸ˲Ըѹ˵İԶ罤
տת׼յڿΡҽÿεĵһա
ȫѪҽڿΣŻѪ
ỲѰտҪЩҩҲҪ̳ľҩỲѯտĲҩտһһտͷһξȷỲġỲҹȥȻһֲá
Լ˰꣬տٸƽʱϵִȴŵϤҩζѪгҩζ̫Ϥˡ
տȻ
֮տҽ÷æ߰ղŻȥһΡÿÿҩ˸ģҩҲȥǽỲ⡣
տƽͣҩӡиƵĵط
żỲһۡ
տ˵ãỲҩ˵ӡĽ֮ȥ̫󡣡
Ỳ̧Ƴտ˵ʲôʲôû˵
ỲҽտŬ᲻е˼ʱҽáȥˡ־ͬʹȥ಻¶
տһȼϨԶǹġ

ʢ꣬صսڵβ
췴ΪȨλҪԼƵۣ췴ȴΪ°ղܿࡣ꣬ССս£ʧܣ˵꣬Զڽ
۱һ·ӭսս˹齵еıҲԽԽࡣݱŵү˼Ǹɵ˽ϵǲ֮Զ
οʧġ
￪ΪվüģûԶαװȥ
Ƕˣʼ˱ѡʼɹɱĸǴݹɢ
£ȥŲб£ձҪɽ
һջƻ裬𾭹һСԾ죬ѯǺδ
ϣСϦ򡣡
˰Σ֮۾ϵ顣
С
ֵֺȻһ¡


201 β
òбȺ, ֻżĸ߽ϦͲ鵽ֻһֱûû뵽£һǱȥ
ֻ, ýǱʱԽᡣ
ϸбʪġңңϪˮ߽ϴѵС
, סʮһǸ
ʱںӱϴһ·, ſʼϸꡣﲻ࣬ӿٶȺܿ콫·ϴ, װľ裬첽ߡ
վԭеıӰ, ֱѣŻع, 첽׷ȥ
һԶıӰ׷ȥһż˵Щʲô, Щط龰ཫǧּʱҪ˵Ļ׸塣浽ʱڲ֪˵ʲôС

Ӧǲɡ
ڴǿѾܾûйɵڴˡ
ܽóȻдź, յлš
д
ݣԴɽˮꡣ
ף
ʮһȥ, ǷţԾǿưļ尾ʹǷдʱۺˮƫҪЦŵģ
ôأ
ݲˡ
ס, ҪŮˡʹȢˣδУҲδйͷ, ˵һʦɱ뾩ǣȥ
ûƭ˵ĻϵλʹܸλΪܳĹ⻹
ȴΪȢˣͽȴٵ
Ͳ
𣬺ǰмԽԽиӵš
ۿƿµľšջ˼ӿ첽ǰ׷Ȼľϣȴǰߡ
Ϊѹѹ˴ĴðΧ
ɨһȺˣѰɽ޺롣
ˡ
ѻ˺߳
ۼûضˡѻЦһЦϵհ̣ԽԵֲĶ
ѻԶǵеܽźޡ
ѩվԺǽ⣬Ŀ絶ʡԺǽһҹκѩܳɱѩˡ

жľٽ£Сܽʪ·һľһʪѹʱк֪һѣ˺ӱߡæһɡȥȡ
бĻڵϺбʬ塪ļ¡
ͱɱ²ͬһ˺ۡỲ˵ҪƤԷѻ˶
ѪͣӿˮѪˮһۿʢᣬɬʹ̣Ĩȴֱ̧۵ûСڳʪ棬µ͸ϡˮУԼڻ춯
ѵתͷԶ¡ʪľűƿһŮֽɡ

пĳһ£Ĭһƾûע⵽ڵϵ𣬶վڶмķѻ
ѻ˲תȥСؿھɫ԰ס
˵͵ˣ˵ҪȥسŵĻμС꣬Ҳȥ͵͵һ۶ҡ
ֶţɱ˻᲻ü
ѻ˻ܡ
ѻвȷؿڡ
Ǳϳˡѻֶһ£ɫ˲òҰסгĽŲʱųһƬ
ֽ߽ɡ̧Ļп
ԭյءǰΪϲˣֻ˸ԵСίضڷвϼˡ
ճһѹ
ͣڷѻ벽еɡٵѻͷбĻɡסϸϸ۽ѻС
ʩ͸ˡ
ðΣѻŽȥеݹɡʹɡҲƫȥ
ӷ𡪡
ƣȥһ̾ߡ
ߵߣֻҪһ̧־ץ°ڡû̧֣ûСתȥԽԽԶ죬һѪˮĿֱꡣ
ľٴϣ֪ҲȲ߳ڻõĺȻʼҵʹʹڴڵŻѪѪˮۿܿʲôˣֻһźɫ
лصУûٳɡȥӱѰ£ǹڴȱķǰ
ûϳ
֪µƶ񱾾ѱ档ѿ͸νϵŷ飬Ϊųȵ
⣬ѻæҵĽˣСеɡһԣŻָȥƤ𽫻ޱظܵƤζ
ѻˮϴϵѪһСŵɡڻһѪܵƤתͷ¡
˷𣬴Ӵ˷ѻÿһķԸ·ƴշ
ϸܿͣˣѻתؾС
ˮ֦込׹棬һȦȦǳǳů棬١
ϦϦĺ

ỲںµҡУϷһ쵨ڴ룬װЩ֦֦꣬ڽӵ֦ˡ
ỲŲˣ̧ƤƳߵС
ʣվỲߣϵ˿֦ڰ
ܵۼ͵ˡ
ʣСŰõ֦Ỳǰͣ˵͵ԣүүġ
ỲƳŹʣСմͣʵڲ֦Ỳ۽ǵƳӺԺ壬̧°ͣԡ
ʣ룬һŲѽְһţһץһӨ׵֦Сܵ÷ɿ죬һһߺ̫үү֦
ŲӹʣСͣüЦˣְܲСƵݸʣ
úÿŶ
ʣӹ֮תͷỲܹȥױƵż߾ܲСƸỲ⿴
ỲƳһۣЦһĶÿˣʮФǿܿ
ɵǺǵЦ
ʣյỲǰ׷ʮФжÿһ㶼Ỳ⣬ûỲĿ⣬һ˫СִỲϡ
ջ˵ʱỲһ䡰үүûһֱȥʱỲ⺢ͦ棬ʱС鷳Ҳûߣ͸ĸһƫƫʣүүүү̣ΧỲת
պϹŰĹϡ٣ỲȥռҽĸɹŮôˡǺӳûȥҪϵĹʣȥٰϵ֦ոȥ
ϣӦ˵ϣʮͱͬҪ߳࣬ꡱģ
պĶʦҲǳسĹϡ٣ԵŰ١սڽˣٹ졣ҲУ밲һͬȥո
밲ϽմĶǳԹӭݵĳ˵ȥֻΪ١³ϲδպܺãڡ
ϯ룬ϾЩȣӳȥߡ
ûãֵ춯ѭȥ߰СɾˮΧֻһССعͷ۾˹
ˮˣС̧ͷ¶һŰ׾С
ˡ
Ҫ£ǲ¡ʲô˭ҵǧ𣿡
С˵ҽΪš
ϻȻԭǶʦŮ
ûдÿˣ游Ҫ˵ġΪȥϵӡ
޷޻游˵
ΪЦһСɰϸתΪЦ⾡
ʵΪƽеġ
ͣ˭˵ԸŹأ


202 
ǣΪȥǰ, պɼ˵˺ߵ顣ΪôˤʱΪŶڰ󲻿Сүļ˱㲻ʡСүɵˣһ仰˵ΪŶЦһС, ֻޡ
־ʥݣСүļ˸æźǰǹҡ
Ỳ࿴ΪһۣЦˡƵؿڣռǧϲ, ա
պ˲ˣʼնỲöаŮװ¶ڻỲҧгݣӡ⻰, ҵŮν
˵Ůʱ
Ỳ, ة˵öԡ͵ߵŮҲ
㣡պ
üฮǧ𣬸ŮʲôӣҪ, Ϊűסȣ˵Ϊ, Ů
׾С˵߰ɡ
Ȼܺ, ΪŲľԼıһͬ·
һ, Ȼе
ỲЦˣǸԺӡة׼빬, ۼҿҪˡ
Ỳ̫պÿҪšĶӼסӡպ侲ΪŽܱȱỲӴҪãֻҧĬ
ǳĬ, ҲĬ
պĬĬỲ⣬Ӣٵս˵˾̫⵹
׵һỳ⡣ϯÿ, ΨỲһֻһˡеĲյ£ʱˣҲûعˡ
⻰
ϣʣ϶һ𣿡
ҡͷƻЩҪ
ϵĿ⡣϶СͶ£ǳɳɿ죬ѾԼܶ೯ˡһʼĽҲȨ
⣬ͬһعߡ
ԣỲһԣߵߣǷݳС
Ỳ֮ϯķΧˡ

ص¹󣬻ѣỲ⻳û˵ʱϲỲϡỲ¹һ磬һùźһȥһʳɢ
߽֡
ިɱӰһһ΢罫ԶĹŮ̸͹
ӡ̫չʱ¹ӡһֱûߡӡʲôʱߣ
һСŮѹҪ۹ǣСĵԴ
СŮܿԶˡ
ʱỲ뿪¹˲
鷿ﴦЩæᣬ෢
һԾü̫Ъ°ɣѵýæ硣꣬û˯ĳʱ
ҡͷ˵ٰ꣬϶ͺ
۾Цʱѽÿ˯ʱ
ҲЦ
һԽ˷ԲӰȥˡ
Щ꣬ȥĴʵࡣ
˲ѰỲʱһϺ棬һʣ񻨵ơϹʳģǸóʯϵߣ˫ֺ̡ÿɡֻÿÿȱһСڵСָۡƿߣʼڷ㿴
żϰźܶΩΩФ񣬶Ỳʱʱġ
һ̴ľСĿ⣬糺ȹ̵ʢʱĺǾޱСľд򿪣һοؽóϸƣϾµĵƣɻǶŵĵƬ
Ȼ֮ǰỲһСҪԵһһ档İָĦĿ׶ơһĥС淨һʳôõģ
Ỳ̧̧ȥԥһ£ſڣûʲôġ
еС£ϰ󿿣ƿڣôۼĻ
ûôỲĻüİĬ֣ĥ÷Ƭ֮ȵ̧۾Ỳ⣬˵Һ֪ôõˡ
Ỳ⡰šһ֣ֵݸл߬ǸӨİ߬Ūʣ㶼ˣôһֱûأ
ỲĬĬŵëͦãЩ
ָ˹ԼգƣԼ΢Ĵš
ֿСֹş̌۾ƼỲ⶯ѸٽĿŽġ۾
˺һקһקỲ½۾ˣҲһװ𣿡
ỲЦһ̫˵Ҳ
Ҳ˵еˣ򴽵ͷȥỲ⣬ȴ
Ỳֱӽȥ
ԡ֮Ỳ⽫ڸ߸ߵ
ˡ
Ỳļ磬ȥȥͭǰϸơЩʧСֹûİ
߰աỲ˼۹ϣȡһӹ¥ϵЪϢǣ¥ֳ֮ȥһˣЩС߻ȥ
ҹݡ
ŴỲȼСó̫Ҫٴ򰧼ҵ˳ɲɣ
ỲЦˣסĽףĲʵĿŽ繣ɤ˵ɡ
Ȼɡ
Ỳһǡ
۾ЦװɢȥֻỲĲӡ˵ܹ˰յ̫ҹﱳȫʳӡ
ȥỲգӡ취
Ỳ۾۽ϲᡣƫкŵ³˵á
գ˯ͷˡ
Ỳƿӣ߬ÿҲ֪ʲôʱȾãҹҪ߬С˯ǰܰ˱ĵģỲΪ˸Ǳӣ˯һ糯һΡ

⻹һγ糯֪϶ˣżȥҲ޷ǲԸȱϯȥʱ糯Ѿβ
һ۰µỲ⡣ûмʱѡ
УỲ̧̧ۣķᳶǡ
糯ûʲô£úɢͱȥ̸ЦߡΪŹûãû뿪ЪһЪ
պɺһ˵ЦһߣỲߣͽӣʱһŻỲⷭ˸ۡ뷢߰׵˼ңһŹŰ۵ĶɷǺЦ
ЦỲЦˡ
պɸҧгݵӡ´ûΪҪϲ¡ǣͷ겻ǻиˣô˼
ỲƳһۣջĿ⡣
պɼڿࣺỲ⣬У治ȢϱҲȥ˼ҵ£
֪⼸պһֱỲ⣬ʹỲ⼸갲ֵַûʲô¶ÿϳҲ߸²ʣ̫ĹȡպֿʼỲëǷŲ䡣
Ỳ̧ۣңңϵƿڣة
պסˣʮ־ȡ
ỲҪȢޣ
һ¶һɫķݡЦỲ⣬ʣʲôʱ򣿡
¶ʮ
¶ʮ˵
ϲӡңңỲ⣬βһĨ˵顣
Ƿ׷׵ͷȥεľɫݡ֪ŮϢɢȥʢ㾪Ķǵò


203 

ս¸Ъ,  ˧δȫ龩ԪؾһЩһЩ 

        ʱʱǰչӭ,  ˿Էһ·ľӺ棬ֵ԰˼,  ߺ 

        겻,  Űվڳϵ̨ͣӭء 

        ڿֳӰ,  ĽϲǰִǽΧң,  ŸͷϵӰԽԽ 

        һۣȻͣ¡,  ˵ע⣬շ׷˳Ѱȥ,  㿴ȺеһλŮӡ 

        ,  ֡ 

        ұһվڸ߸ߵ̨ͣӭҵȲ,  ûһղڵ¶,  ʧȥ,  ܵ⡣ԣȲس˳ţѼȺ,  ֻΪ翴һЩ 

        ôĿ,  ȻЩִ٣ȰЦ,  ٽһЩ 

        ԥһӲͷƤԼֵݸ˵ע,  ˫ۻҵ֣࣬ٴǰС 

        ȺЦͷСԹô˿أ 

        ЦͷյҶߣ˵ʲôޡ 

        ŵһԱḱЦǺǵشȤɩӱﶼ 

        İչЦ֪˭壺ɩӱ 

        վһɩӡԽԽ˸庰һһԶ̨ͣϵԼˡ 

        Źĳ͸ˣƫƫﱻŨҵĻϲӯ 

        ֪ҷ˲ɨΧİգס˿ڣ庰ɩӣֻǻЦȴ̲ס 

        ջĿʱɢüңֻʣ顣 

        Ѫ飬Ⱥ˫һЩۣף 

        ̨ͣϵкЦĿӸɩƿ󷽸ŵľÿһʿϵЦݡԸ˷³󣬲Ҫôս£ԸʿƽңҲ˷롣 

         

        ǰһˣỲһȥģΪֻ¡ 

        ʮˣսĥ꣬ͤͤˬӢˡΪսҲ˸С䳼ةʾҳĹﵱϱͷһŮ˷飬Ӧӡ 

        ҡͷսǼٵġǲҹƾսӦõô˹ְӦΪνıӣίĹ 

         

        ỲĻ¡ 

        ôˣԪ겻ӦΣһںߵ㣬żȡȬٴսϵľżۡˣػս¼ˣһ˼һûʹҲûڣ˺۵ɹ 

        Ỳ뿪ѰԪ£ͺؿڣʹӦ˰ɣ㿴Ỳ֣ܰûϻعľǰǡỲ˷ݵӣִϳơóϹ涨Ǯ̰ڵǮȻЩ须ֻðͰ;Ǯ 

        Ԫû 

        ǰصȡܵȼĵ۸ǵףΪ۳аաỲ춫ˣЩһֱ߾ 

        Ԫƽˮ档 

        һԪɫ˵⼸ǶȥæǸϷµ¶ỲԶġ 

        Ԫ˶ˣ⣺ˣ 

        ֪ԡӣҲ˵ǳĬһżڣʵЩҪҪǣǰѡġĸ׵ģ˽ԼĺӡŮĵ 

        Ԫɫһ뵽Ů̲ס 

        ͵Ƴһۡ 

        ޣԪˤͣʲôƺ㶼ûУ 

        ţһȥ㣿 

        ԪĬȥã̾˿˵ʮˣĻҲЩ 

        ת˻⣬֪ͬỲĻˡЦ˵úúãЩֻ⺢ҰѰźʵ²̫סҲû޹ 

        ˡŪˣӳˣܲ˰Ԫ꽫ָڷ˴ϥϵģţèèɡЩСЩ 

        ˵۾˵ɸȤˡ 

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