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2 
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״Ԫɣ緢ſ
ǰģҲҲʱһ˿һģ
ǿ߷ѿٿشʹ
ǲֲԭЩֿʼ޶ɼģԣǰԥƬСۡ
ǰ㰡˵
Ƹ֪µСϼӲ΢΢࡮עӡ嵣˫۾ãźѪ˿ϸܲƣһӼһţźҪס
ѾǸä֮ˣɴ˿ܸоĮпĿ⡣
̹ǡ
Ǻܿ죬½ŵļи
û˯ãȻȥϢˡƿ嵵֣ͷҲصˡ
橿ʼնûаϣıβƤԽ鴤ʹɽƣû¶
һμֵ˲졣
һʱ֪Ǿɥģһĳ
ֱıӰʧŤͷŴͷɥ橣̾һڨڨΪԲӲʱЩ꣬ˤûȻˣȻȥ
̧˫΢΢´ҡҡͷ£ȥҩͺˡ
Է𣿲һԵ㡣嵲⣬ЩԵģ㿴ҪǳԲ¾óͼ
˼ϣɨһϵĲˣͻȻЦЦϲġ
һˡ
ЦЦԿ࣬ᣬ̣䲻ԣอԣ𲻳ԣȻóԵҲԡ
ű㲻ЦԴȤĻ۵Ǹ緢ɡ
Щ˺ܲ˺øУֻЦһЦؼ㶼ɫȻһˡ
Ȼҳݣ̲ס˿̶˼ɫ
Ȼỹȥ𣿡ԥƬ̺ʵ嵶룬͵ĸ׳ͷۣСŸеĴѧһ㰴ĦַڻͷۺЧ
۾һ
ǸϵŴ򣿡
橲Ϊ˾ȣǵͷǡ
˵ŴԶоİĦҲĵáϲϲɫ˳š
ĻüС˵ǲϴˣŴóⶾİĦȷʵ
ϵЦϱȻһ£ŴǺ׷ͯգһ̣Զͷ۽ǡ
صͷ
һ֣ǾͶˡ
ֻشĳϰ̡ɫϲ橵֣֪ܷŴ븮
¶ԥ֮ɫ򴽣Ƭ֮˵ܰﵽӣȻʮԸ⣬ֻǡ
ʧЦӲͷƤ˵ŴѾˡ
ϵЦʧһɶ橶پֻ޴صüĬš
ˣ˵ŴƢŹֻ֣ҪһˡͷȻӿϣѹȥ
橶ǸЦţʧصͷ
ȻǨŭˡ
ڼҲܿ橲ǹˣŴĹƢҲ˽֪һСѾͷʹģûаѴ·ϡ
ϻδɾѹĪһɻһת˵Ȼ⽿򣬵Ҫģһȥ
ЩԥȻȥĵĴۻڷ֮ǰѾ˲ˣڹȥֻ»Ͻ͡
Ƣ嵿Ϊѣֲܿ˵ǲȥҲǿ
橳ĬƬ̣ͻȻ뷴ҲǺˣɺֳܿĬΪղŵģ
ԭǸ˵ǰ߲Ҫͷ걻ݺݴ䳾
ǰĶ죬Ѫ˵رͻٰǣϹһ˫ۣһ˫ȣ״Ԫɳү
еǵٰϨ
ǼԻͣį
Ӧǻµ˰
ѻڽë΢΢̧չüһЦüۣɡ
ȥġ
ᶨ˵


4 
ݸ̷Ĵгӣݼʮˣ⹦򶼻
һûһµؾԼϡĺӣ׵üëţëдӣͿͿддһҲûд³
ˣӣʵ
Ӱ̾˵ӸͲϣʲôҩ޼°
һ㶣漴ðһŭɿ޶ˣֻǿѹŭŴǿЦ̴򾡹ܿҩһῴ˳ȥġ
ܿʱԷëʣ˵ӿ֪ΪһֱҸ˿ҩ
ڱϳĬ̧˵ˣӵֻսڵǲεĽš
ΪΣ㶵š
һ֮ҪӦ츮֮ҩ˭ȰöӣһʼҩͲͣˡǳ˵
ϳĬüѵ¶һƣ
취𣿡̾һʵ
ӳصҡҡͷ
嵵ķӦ츮Ҵɾ壬峣ʱ벻ˣ㶨Ӧ츮ҲΪŴҴһٰ
û취ˣ嵵ۣɸֵ˵ǸʡĵĽθҲôī޲ðһ١
Ӿźӣ޲ðѺӶҲǷúܡǿŸλӳģߵأꡣ
ŵùңȰӺҩɡһƬĬг
˵ЦЦü䣬СһĽ΢΢ѤãѧһЩĦ֮ҲÿԻӵͷۡ
ûӦ£ͳӶһۣǿЦţҲþֻܾƢҲˡ
ҪǣԲϲ橣δػȰһʵ䷴Ϊѡ
ֹģû橣Ҳǹǵ뷨˼Ƭ̺˵ӵĲܹҪεģӼȻҪٰһ£һº㡣
˵껰Ҳټֻͣº͵ؿŶˡ
ʲô취ԥʵƢӲ
ӲǷǲֵˣΪģӿüʼնұƫˮʯҵǲģһµʱ䣬Ҳӿ塣
û뵽橾ȻɫҲǺļ仰ȴ
һ˲밲
ڵüĽ壬ʶѶ磬ֻԼڻ¯Уյ̡
һ˸OO@@һѪҺںֱײʶЩģ
ֱһ峺͵
̵ʶڱײͷѪͻڱŰעһƽҵ˼üɿ
Ϥĸо
ûע⵽ǳĬ
ϸǰŸ˷ٵŮӣĿƽͣ۾γдһ֮ɫջߣȿڴƳĬ˵öԣӵĲҲϲˡ
嵶ʵҲ˼ɣֻ඼ǲ֮ڿڣҲΪδٰһµԭ
Ȼˣ鷳ˡĿ֪˯ȥûУֻ߻Ĭ죬һһԲҲǳе顣
Ӻܿȷҩԥܾûǽ嵣˵һΣˮɣɽꡣ
ɨһ۽橣֮ҩ
ǾҶ˸ӰɡʶȤ˵
嵺Цͷ
ңȥץҩҩǱߵϤһµá
Ȼͼ޵Ӧ츮ݼҳţݼڵľһӦضһֳģԸ˴ɹһ˿
֪лҪԼ˵ʶȤȥˡ
֣Լҩ
ǹܼҴ֣Ÿ˷٣ǳʱ̰壬
ţԴӳº󣬷˾ڸнҩר˿ܣΪϿһӦ֧ȡɹҪǼղᡣҴƹȣ԰Ŷȥ
һزԾûжʣֻǼղŵĻţ˵ҩҩǾ͵ӵҩҩ
ȫˡ
˺ᴩ԰һԲǰδ߽һŨҩ㣬ſϹŻش֡
С򡣡ûڣֻվſڿԺڷɹҩˣһ
Űɫ۵Ťͷ¶һƽſЦЦƫƫһЦȴָо崺硣
֡Ŀϣ漴ͷˡ
ЦŶͷ
λǳ̴ӣС򡣡һһ۵ؽţλӷˣҼҷ˽ū澴ӷȡҩԺӵҩɷȡ
Цŵͷض֣λ룬֪ҩ
æеҩȥ
ϸţüǲֻҩץҩȻһռΣμ̧Ц˵ţҩҪ壬ҴԷҪȡ
橴СԺӣԺӲȴǲҩ̨˲顣
֪аĦҽ顣Цʵ
Ƭ̵ͷȻ֪ܿͼһֻһ׼˿û֮
˵תȥݺûþóһӡþ΢
ѧרͷ۵ģܻҪٿһѨλ֪ʶء
Ϻֳܿһ¼
ЩҽŴдġЦ˵ţƵǰѧΪϸ
۾һǳǳ۾΢΢𣺡вĵط𣿡
ȻԡЦŵͷĿһɨġ
Ӱŵ΢΢ɢ¶滹δõķ͵˿ڡ
ƿҩطõϡҩȡһɰƿĶŷǰ㵽Ϊֹ˶롣
һͣΪ˼صͷӹҩƿл
ЦŲ˵Ц˷ķ޺
ڻشã뿪ʱɫѾ𽥰ԼԺ;Уʹƹȣ֪վڸԺſڣԥԥؿ档
嵺ͳ̴ˣԺڿտյʱŴգһˡ
Ժӿյģȫûлľĺۼƽʯڶհ±¼š
ãŻ̾һ׼ȥʹһ֦һʶͷֻŴϣԼ
һ˪ͫʲһ˿ЦԼϡ
Ķྪȵؿӵ𣿡
ÿһĿ̲סϣֱüĲͷŻ񣬵ͷԼĽż⡣
ˣ˶·϶Եÿյġ
ôϢ̲סʵ
Цü䣬ղŽ˺ȥˡ
Ŀ橻еϣǽ͸˸մӻشûô顣
ţ˵ѨλĦؿ˵̲סֿСȡ
ͷۣѧһÿԸӰ
е飬۾Сؿǿѹеڼʵ𣿡
ë£ɫĮֻһ޽۾׼ϣĮȻ¶һ㼥Ц
ԡ
Դϡ
ݽӲָ紵е̹ۣԭֱֱֻض
ÿͷüָϥǣһβĮ˵
ҧվںҡͷʾÿ
κϰԺӣ橵ͷվſڣŶƽ鷿ٹǰգգۡ
þòżѰһȦˣŴŵȥӵԺӣһžͿԼվԺſڣʧǣһæӭȥ
橴ӽյŴǰջߣŵǵķ񣬱紵÷׵¶һǳЦôˣ
ҧǿЦ־òЩġ
£ҩЩԶֵ˵ʱ䡣ת뿪˵
ǰŤͷԺӣɿ࿪Ķ
ӶȰӣαֿԡڻ̲ס˵
橱е飬ƹȵĻȣԳĬƬ̡
Ϊ̫ΪЩʲô
һϣе߬ԼĲȴ˿ûпһ֮ɫ
䣬ҵʱ룬ǳȥҲǲá
Ҿ
ǰ߱ͷԼȴͣ½ŲðĺɫСݸһЦ㿴ء
ţǻϣ
䣬˭ϣ
żڼɽС컨ŤͷŷЦǴȥˮɡ
ǳǳУһᣬһһسۣϻ¶Цã̫˵㡣
˺ܿͻصԼԺӣ˼ӽӭ˳ȥԭԺӶһ
һǽ֮Ժɰ޶Ը㡣
û⡣˵򵥣Ůˣ˷ģֱӱС븮˶ϥµġ
ĸŮܺã˺ܶԼĸֶźˣ˼
̵˵ţɨһӣɫƽµĴ㣬ֻڸдĻ˵
˴Ӳ˲μӸᣬ˵ҲţһҲ˼ţĸŮڶԺٳҲٺ˴򽻵һӦǷֿġ
ĸͻȻֵʱٰҲһ󲨣ϾʱҲŸո裬֮ǰͨһûУ˶ź飬˭֪ȴֱӴһڵ
ٰϾǻʳǣÿնǲϢûþκսǶĸŮҴӲţԺܿʧǰҪǽϴͻ飬͵컻գǱˡ
వԿһۣʵӶΪģɾˣҲֻˣ˶˵źĸŮ˻úúõġ
źǵǷݡ䵭˵ţָ󣬡ǸӦü޹ˡ
ҺݼǰлԼףʱδԣñͬ嵲òͷºȴһֱҪףȱƢȻɿڣҡ
룬ʱһͷ˾ĹټҲ֪ôʼĻһӣҪҸϽɻ飬̬ǿӲ
Ҳ֪οǣȻ˵Ů正Ů橶˿ݼӣʥֻּʱ˵ŮټҶԴҲһֻ۱һֻۡ
źһֱ⣬Ӳ볯۹۱ӣ侲˵Ӧúͽյûϵ
Ϊμ޽־İʵ
տڲ˵ʵͷַ˿ӵ˿زס⣬Ҳ鲢ûôӣվ˵ڡ
ӸղʡĬƬ̣ͻȻղŴǰֻùŲʵպĻš
µسһۣɫߵĻôҲ˵ƹˤ˳ȥȥ


5 
ײǽҩһҲûͽȥĶ඼̲סҡҡͷ
ӻ˯𣿡Сʵ
һ붬ͺ׷纮ЩӶԴϢ
˵ĸֿһֱаЦ˵
ȷʵҪúϢһ£ƽʱʲôʱӿġˮ۾ʵ
ʱһ̾ˡ಻˵ʱ䡣
ҲʱҩɡЦе˵ᣬ˿ûа˿˵顣
ͷƤ飬Ӳһۣڰһ㶯ҲûУپ²
˻ǲҪˡӲͷƤ˵ӿܣҩ
ôܲҩĿڽյĴϣҩӲá
̾һ֪ӲϲңҩҪԵģƽ׻ԼӣҴӻҩ֪ˣжİ
ΪѵؿûҴ
ǲ뿴ңҿת㣬ͽȥʪ۾С˵
æҡҡͷСͲԿġ
橽¡
ãʳ棬ӺҩʱԽࡣ
һЦеҲҩһը/
ڵſϸ
Ůӵ߰˹˵ŻкһίȴְֲԹ

ҲȰȰɡ̾һϸϸţĪܾˡ
𴽽ǣ԰׵¶м֮ɫ
ֻú󲱾һëֻڨڨЦЦ﷢ࡣ
ûоܿʹŷȥˡ
˯ˡԺſڲŸС˵ӵԺҲ̫ˣʲôҲûС
ԣŴЦЦ֣һصĽ֮ɫһû˯㿴ղŵɫ
Ծصɴ۾
ҵһκʹѰʱڸůͣδ̤ȥܸܵů⣬˵ηǸʱӸպϢ⼸վſȴûиоŷ͸ů
Цᣬü´ԽԵ޺ȻڣӲܲڣ¶ûôߣһ˯ʮа˾Ÿղž˵ء
ǹղ˵ǷС˵һô죿
Ӳӵĵ˵ҰӣɮҲҪ棬һҩһ
ƶǶصͷ
Ϲﻹ
͡ƹȣЦ˵ܲΪЩͷ
橴꣬Сһ𳤴֪֮ǹִײǽһͷ
ڰˣһ⣬ǱС
ǰǹһ⣬Ӳӿĺˮо˳ǰߡ
Ľ죬һĬĹ޷˵һͷȥȥѰʧĹ⡣
񲢲λ£ȴϣ漣
վҪš쵽ԼԺӵʱ򣬷С˵ӻ𣿡
ϵЦѻĽë˶û˵
аԴԼһͣæ⣺ˣŵ·ˣɺÿˡ
¸Ǵӡ
ȻһĲ۹۲죬ֲַ˼תҲδزá
Ȣһڵģ˼صģδǺ¡
Ҫǣ橿ʱй⣬ҲϲһˣȻ֪ʲô
һһһԴˣܱȰ̥Ҫðȫ㡣
嵶橵ƫ⼸յĽҲˣԹ̬ȣȴҲԸݼҸôѿ
ҲһͳԺſڣκһͱſڡ
ɳɤӣ˵ҹһϵҪܣϢء
۾ļӶҪ˶ġ
ǸģһɤӶˡ
Ҳ˵橻ţ̴˵ܰҹ𡣡ҧгš
ü˳۲˵
ҹʱ˯µģʡ
һϣ˯ȥġλߣ
֮ǰҩûȣ
ûͽ
ƫƫ᲻ö˽ѣվſԥ౧վһ࣬ͽ˳ĬԵվţ޲ߡ
ڴʱſڳһ
򣬷˵ṳ̂ԺӣŵСԲˣ۾ŵţЩط̴̫һ¡

ҹͰѻŵ񵥶ˣѰŻҪָһӦţҪѷԸȥ
ſվѾߣ̾һߵʱ̲סŶ˵ָΪɸ֡
Եͷ
ݼҸųȷʵǳ󣬻Ŷ鳤һҲǾװιݼɣڳϱ˿ɣҫۡ
橱ʱʶһۣſվ嵣Ц鲻¶һʧ֮ɫ
Ҳ̫ˡ󣬷̲סԹ
橱¯аָͭ¯ϵĻƣ˳Ľë´߲ɡ
̧˿ٰĴš
ǰܺݼҽף˵ΪӿҵŮ歡
ǰз֮ɫݻ£ʤ£ò£ּ֮ЩٰҲЩ
ݼҵӺһʱ״ԪڣֿȵСɾѡҽףοȥҶǸˡ
Ͳסݼ⡣
˲룬ǿϲòڣԸҶˡ
緢ϲϲò˫ȫСȻ˽ֵϸҲ֡
Ŀһˣ̲סѶӺԼ˸Ƚϣ̲סҡͷ
Щ쳤ĺǿҼҹòֻºųٰһ˵ĸٹҪѷɫ֡
ʲôŤͷЦ
ʵ˵ÿ
ԣ䴽ǣĶͷŭ
ֶٰܽ棬ͨΪ֣ҶһЩҲְλԱĸۡͣԭֵĽֵɲǼİ
˵Ŀ»ϡ
һ̧ͷͿſվҼź
źٰǹλԣСǸ佫ʹκŻӵɢһߣϱΣһֱСĦ
ԶĲ˵ǰʹκ®һηͻʱ˴ģͻκǿֱ򵽽಻кͣӦÿ곯ټһ
ţ̬š
Դ˷зӯ죬ȴҲ
ǰڶأʧһͳ죬սΪټ£ٹԱ佫ϺǼΪңԴཫʮ֮˾Ŷ⶷ɥ
ұһ
źһͶ֣ʮʱߵ˲ݺλá
ˡźǰ԰˽Ц۵׵ƱһͬβɢĲƣַ档
ֻһ˵飬ϲûгɫֻǴ˸ڣЦӯӯ˵ⱸ㰮Եˣȥˣĸ׵ԺӰɡ
ﻹ𣿡ԣʵ
˶ãҲǼֲ֣ŶС·ֱȥ橵ĶԺ
źЦ˵ţôôõûµġ
ԭ΢΢ӿֳһϲ֮ɫŲӯ˲١
Ժ壬ֻдſڹŵյԵøۣҲйһϲ¡
ſڣ橱¶Цӻˡ
硣Ц΢죬ǳǳ
ͱϯˣůů͡ƿӣЦӯӯطԸѾ׼š
أһ̧Ϳڿһˡ
Ц΢ǰֲˣԴϢء
ﲡˣȥ
ˣСĹ㡣źְסҿܹձҪؿˣɡ
ɨǰֺ͵һ
Ըºͣһ˫۾Ǵˮ⣬濴ʱ򣬱ֺƴˮñڵһжǵ޴Ρ
ƢԼ˾ͺãڹȥ˶Ϊѡźֻº͵ؽš
۾ϲںīͫʧ
šڻЭˣ˵Թ
ֿۣæ׼õ˳⣬ĵ˵ŴΪ׼ҩ񣬴ֹܳʣĿ
չüһЦллŴŴôڡ
ȥˣҪģ˭֪ҹӵһţ˵ҪȥһҪ£ȲˡһȰشǰ֮ˡ
ϯɡź
ź˼ݼҵ飬һϲǣֻõ˵ÿʱ۾ڷ
ݴԸԲѼ޵Ӧ츮ңٰġ
ӡ̾һҲǻˣƢЩ㲻ͻ
һһӦ£ֻǰվԺſڣź˵һ˵䣬Ȼȥɣصˡ
ź죬ȴ֪Ȱġ
橵Ƣʵǿ˵ӣԼ벻ͨ顣
ĸסһ°ɡź̾һ
⻰ʮֻ꣬һЦѻڽ΢΢ģһ˿Ц⡣
˵ȥּȥ¶֮ɫ
ӡ첽ǰǿЦ˸˯¡
Ҿ˵һ仰ȴּᶨ˵
ԥվſڡ
һ䣬֡ЦЦǳᣬԺҲ֪ܻܲˡ
ֿǰŸ˷ٵСԼųˣһգ۾ͳˡ
һŮ޲ðõĶĵعһӣϧÿһԸΥ

˽ּ䣬ڴһײ
ֳ̾һÿӡ
Ŷ룬ŴӣԵʣԼܿ޺ϰһˡ
ò橼ΪƣüɫʢµĽĵ˿Ϊͷ۵ԴۣڶһӶ
ͷҸﰴһ¡橶ԴΪϤЦݲǰ˵
ء˵սǽ廹ҡ
Ц𽥽Ӳ
˵ӦŻ£Ҿ޹ϵۣƵģԽԣֻһ̳ƣűˡ
橳ĬվţֻǿǰĮˣһ˫һˮƺۿβһƬΣһֻ޼ҿɹӣվš
ʲô˱ἤŭеıӱ۵һɨڵϣüĿ¶һŭʲôʱ̻޵ġ
ſĶŵ֣ԥҪҪţĽ֡
廹ҡ˵ĿϣǿӲĮ˵
ֻǾǿؿݵ΢΢ǵˮ˻ȥβȴԽͨ졣
ΡΡ֣˺üβȡ塣
ⲻҵ𣿡ģǿʵ
˺ʯһ۾ֻǳؿһĮһӲ˭Ҳϸܵһ¶ȣŮ
ڲˡ°һ̧°
ػǰһڣβɻ˻Σͫ΢΢ǿĵ׵ɬûʧ̬
ͶұȴָңˡָڲǰΪˣڷΪʲôʲôġ
죬Ҷó
ҾͲһԼ𡣡
ɫӲǰۿ죬˵֮ˣԽԴʹֻǵرۣΪã£߰ɡ
õ̲סһ°ʹֻصڵϡ
ָҪղסǿѹڲ輸ʱķȫϷһ֨ѽ
˻ۣҲһۡ
ʧǵسţˤһӣۼֿסˡ
ǵؿʧ˾ģҲɺۿ
Ҳۿ죬˵š
δѹ˫ЦնԵԽɪˡ
橻ĻسԺӡ
һֱԺʮ꣬δգޣȴֲòԣɽ֮ȴҲزˡ
ȥɡվڻ԰ֲ·ڣĬãһã˵
״ͷ
ֻͶŻ԰ԺʱֻſΧ˲ˣֳֳһдŹ찲ķΧ
ףſںӵۼ⣬͸ӵȺ˵


6 ͬ
ʶ⿴ȥſڹȻΧˣݼſڲڶͣڴſڣſھۼˡ
ӹ𣿡̲סȸԾ˵
мݼݳЦеĶࡣ
ӣվڻ԰ڴؿǰ֣ӰӰ´ڵߣֻܿԼһǡ
ԭѹŶҡɳɳñݳĬɴ˿̿ǿѹƱɢ
ǲڴˡ
ӲϲֻҲֻͣһǳ̵ڵˣʹѪҲ˶࿴һۡ
ֱǰиһӱĺˮоִһѵƿһյơ
գԸΪǵɶ˻
߰ɡ˷˵ֳȥ
ˡۼ⣬һ۾ͿԲҷ橣ֻ߲βϵЦͻȻԭء
橶ӶЦӯӯغӡ
ں޶ǶĴڣΪڿһˡ
ЩΣ˵˻ϳɡ
ɣҲȾá
ҲЦԲֻǻδ˵꣬ͫٿһĻͻأضںС
ֻݼһˣɫȹһ˵ĺɫ̴иۣϸȶˡ
Ҷ歡
һϯɫĳȹ¿ʼս֫ԽԵϸ
ߵݼϣغӡ
ٯҹݺУˡ
һϣЩΣһʱҲ֪ֻŶʺá
ſڵԽ֣پ˴˶̲סͣ½Ųǰ಻ס˷ܡ
˼λõǳĽë˲ɲɫֻ̧ŴΡȻ
˵߶ϡ
۹һɨƽӣ΢΢ĵ
ӡûãڴһ
ֻöյķЩۣ۵ѻһĽë΢΢´
鲻
˽ڵˣɻĲ˿û֮ɫѵõƽ
õ𣿡Цһ䴽ǣԭﻹӲţأ۾ôˡ
Ⱥ˲۷׷ףɫһ䡣
æ͵Ҽӱ鵢ˣô᲻˻ء
̧򰵺正Цݲ䣬ؾл˹ģʺãŷ˲ڻδżˡ
˵һºͣǰҪһȥһȭ޻ϣɽƫƫȴһ룬Ī̵˲
ɫһţǿŲãΪԼҽĸҩȥˡ
Ц⣬ЦصͷӵТ˳
һ佱Ļƫƫ˻Ť
ϴݼٵô
Ƥһ֪Ӳͷˡ
橵ڣǸҸûȥˣż࣬ҲҪչ˺Լ
ͷҲصһƿӾͿڽüһ͵ˡ
ڵӶüĲɵģҲûзҹ飬ãЩ
ӡһκ
һĹߣõһ˫۾׼ϡ
ͫ΢΢𣬲͵š
橷ӣ˲ղŵĻ谵С
ҵġ ࣬ںڰУ޼ɵؿһ֮Զˣͷʵвһ֮ܳɫ
һ˽뿿ķŵϵҩζɼӿˡ
Դ˵
Ǵġ˿ûбĮȰˣ˵Ի
Ķ΢Ϊһ١
ллӡЦЦձߵ֣ĽΣһ̯Ĵˮ۴ؿ˵Ҳллӡ
öײ˵ı䣬ҲͬڽˮŮӵϸƫƫ˸
ǵոʱ
鲻ҲƽϢ
㵹Ʊ硣׼ؿһЦһ
գգۣʵ:ˣ
Щ죬˿ûаѸղŵĴǹལС
ü˵
ҲӦ֪ӹϵáһ˵һСؽ΢⿴֮ˡ
ɫƽ˿ûûΪ歵Ĳã˼һŵʵϲӡ
ЦһŪؿʧ˫۾˵ʱܾôɷ˭޴Σϲ㡣
ȴЦЦ˵ӶԸ˵Ȼϲҡ
Ҳϲ㣬ΪҪ˵䷴š
Ӱ橿ǻڶԸڵڵɫڻεɶ꿴ʱĳ
ɫǽӲɻδͱ橴ϡ
ֻƽתƻ⣺ӲϲҵȻԲ˵Ҳ͵ҩұܶҲҪ˼ŴӲǡеĮЦ˵ţΪѾˡ
һ첻ҩӱҪһǡ
־׼סһ֮˵°͡
Ҫð㵱
⧲ǡɵһ£˶˵У˲ײӲĻС
һԭ°͵һ˸յĶմӲ˲һ
Ů۵գϸİ֬񣬻۵˰֡
ŭɫڻ谵вѣָ𽥽Ӳ
һԴĵ˻е˺һᣬɵְԼ֧֪˫ִµЩ֣ûнӴĴУٿؾ䲻ܿƵغ
ͷϴһӲӲȴҲͳƶϽ˪ĺѩ辧ӨǺ䡣
һ˿Ŀˣøӿˣղɺ˿ͻȻǰ˿˿̵ģ
ײ𣿡ֵ᾵ĹĵһۣСʵ
ÿͷɡǰ֡
ŷһֱǰһʱ۾߳ˮģҧҧװ򶨵ջ֡
Բ𡣡˵
һαۣٴ
橻ŸղĴС
̫ˣƤŹͷƺһ̾ҪƤ
Щɥصͷʱ䣬ȻһչҲûУԼᶨҲЩɥ
ڴ˿̣һŹֵ
̧ͫ΢΢
ɫ䣬ɿųϳĬ޶á
ûԷգۣĿϣ̲סЦ⣬ʳкǱߵİ
֣ĸ첲ϣ˵պҲûԱһԵ㡣
ɽ
۾һǰ̽ȥֱ·ƫƫ˻ȻţֻðѹȥĶó
һɵ÷Ǽơ
زǵζһȴ㹻üʶֱ۽΢΢ףü۵ʹ
ûٴӰóһ⡣
ǰ⣬ȵġ˵
һ
Ϊ׼ģ֧Сӣ´򿪻⣬תЦʵɫȴ̲ס濴ǵڴڸڴɫС
øһ٣üβƴŷ纮ɨǰ㡣
ŶȻѲµˣ̲סʧ䣬ֻЦŵͷҧһڣͻȻͷJ
Ŀһɨȴ治ɫ˽ȥ
һڲһڰŰĸȫ꣬ǵԽˡ
Ѿ治ɫ⡣
ȵ𣿡橺еĲ裬ŷֲĲ豻ԼˣͻȻʵ
һˡһ¶һ㳰Ū֮ɫ֪ΪΣɫԽ䣬ʡ
橲֪ΪˣŲ裬ЩãؿЦģ̲סʵΪôң


7 ͨԺ
仰óڱøⰲ
ϵ𽥿̰ɽӲ֮ɫۿɼؽ¶һĻȡ
һܸЩɰɡ橹ʵǲ׮£ǲң
࣬˫֣Ťͷֲؿ
̫Ҫõһ𰸣ηõһ𰸡
̫õĸ׵΢Цֺ΢Цһ̱Ǳŭ
Ĭɽţղȵɱ橵Ļþ
ܸøһᡣ˵ߡ
ͷͻȻһ£ٵͣҪ˵ĻɬΪӡ
ƮƮʻֵĶ֣˲ӿ˽ûϢĿ
òϣſڣӡȷʵ
СֻܴƬв΢΢仯
һɵģԴƽ顣
һ粻ҵһ¶Ѳ˶롣
һıһϸΣյڿлεһͻڸ߿׹䣬ˤ÷ǡ
ֵĺζİٰ̬ǳ̻ͬ޷ɢ֡
̲סԴ
ǡ
橳ĬгƵգ䵭رۣǿִĲʣ³һ
޹ء˵ڶյ£ѵõʱʱصĲһϿһӰԵɫѲ¡
ԭɻһòκλӦȻ˵˼֣һʱ侹е㾪ϲӵζ
һ֮ڣ䣬ĳȣƶָˣɵ󣬻Ц
˵ģҶšβδȫȥĺ΢΢𣬴һЦ⡣
ŮöŲεΣЦĿⶼףĪòӦ
Ѿû˵ˡ
񣬶һˡ
Ŀţĵ׵궯ĪȥʹԴҲʼš
ͷ𣿡橼üĽ壬ɫСشȥԥʵҸӰһ¡
ĸҲͷۣѧġŲԶλãƫƫζǵϢûλƣеķΧ
Ҳ̫ãֻ̫ˡ
ûбܿ˫Žζϵ֡
ϸ壬޹ǵ־׼ʹѨλϣֱײʹ˫ܷܷİƽϢŭ
Ҳû뵽ȻͬˣһʱҲǾϲӡ
ǹɵ÷ĿԽԣؾȴֲǿơ
ձһ߶һʱ䶼ǹ֮м䲻˶
ǲߣѵȥȷһ𣿡
𣿡
ҿе㡣
ģ
һģ
ĵЦһͻȻƿԴָܿ
һΪǰ˰ˣǸ𣿡
ˡ˵
̬ͻȻ仯˿ûߣ橴ֲؿˡ
橻Ȼʧ䣬ĿӯĮ֮ɫ̾һҲٲ˵
պĸ׵ĶűտյȻǽĪѹ֮£ɶƵسĬ
Ŷߵ죬ϵĶĬ侲Цһ
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һĲֵ
һ·Եػصݸ
˷ʱĴһӣȴǽ鲻õӣʶɨһںʹ˵ķˡ
۾ôˡҲû۾ɾʵ
΢΢һЦ֮ǰ紵۾ۡ
ˣ嵼һ鲻ãͷҲصػԼԺӵӲģС˵
ҡҡͷһ䣺¡
ϸֻգգΪԼôˡ
ͻȻ˵ί˾ȥ
橾ȵؿͻȻЦü͸Ӷ۱˵ǧ飬һﲨɨʱܰ˿ˡ
лӡƺƢһ΢ĹģͿԭƵ粦Ƽգ˲
ڼ޶ˣҲٰǺӦ츮ĸɫˣ˿Ѿ̲סľ橵ľ֮ɫ
ʮŮ峿۵ĵδȫűɫ
Щйԣ嵡
Щý歡
ɫ࣬޺һ䲻ʤ΢˭˶
ɫƻƬ̣Ťͷ˻ݸ
ֻǻԺӵʱһ΢С£ִѾʱûס죬ײ嵺橡
͵ˣץˣ򷢳ȥܼæ͵
ԺвҲҪһЩűԶȥˣ˵
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ԺȱȥɰѾ߻嵲⣬תض˵
ջأݿ̰ͷǲȱֻǲ֪ܷһԺӵĲá
ˡͷֻܶԼԺӵĲãöΪӾƹģҲ·ˣĶ
Ȼ䴽ǣЦŵͷ
Ҫʲô嵺š
ԺӺ˵㣬Ҫֵ㻨ݲݽȥټӣٹǧ
嵵ͷ˵ݸ˵㡣
ݸΪչ̨׺µ٣һȥۡտյŸе˶̫ࡣ
鷿ڣԥ˵ټҺ֪ûԲˣоѾߺСˣ˹һţ嶼ˡ
ЦһǵĽһ߻ҪϹĵͷۣһ߻пչзϵķ¡
Ĭ
һ£֪ΪΣжڴ֮ǰһߣдԹټҪȥĹ
ɫһӱüΪ£˫۾΢ºƷźѪ
ڶαʧܺ౻ͬԭＯԭǰߵһݺͱȴˡСĽؿ˵Ψִ̼ӣץ㲻ţΪǺ൱Щٰų켺ٰĻ̡̻
ϥϵ΢΢԰׵ָɫԽԵúѪɫ
Ѭ¯ǳ겻ʪů¯Ҳһ˲ţ档
ڿαϣʱĹӴѵؼ˽ֱͦϣαһӰľθ롣
ȥҵġѹżı壬ͷ¶һźʲôʱؿ
֪źսɣټҰһΪӴ飬ҲΪǰ̸ͣ¡
߾벻ˣ̸Ѿ䶨Ҳȥˡ˵
Щ˼ҡ
Ӧ£ԥƬʵǺͷͬ顭
һɫã̧嵣ɰͰͲţӽʵġ
ǿһ˫ȭգ˵Ǿ͸ҹȥ
ü˳ۣһԡ
ʵҲá˵ţ˲Ǽϸ
һЦ˳ŷƮ˽ԼԼ˲ڳĬա
ŮഺЦӸԺ޼ɵش˹
಻ɳԾݼѾûЦˣǰ˵˶ûУ˵Ķ
ȥһȻһ͡
뿪ĽŲ³һͷ֪ΪΣͻȻŵһɵ÷㡣
֮ǰմȾϵζ
ֽڶ䣬ԴСǹζΧԼ
˫ȵĵ֣ڷʹĶɽȪɢ޺תͷ֢֮ԴͬʱǹɵȻ㣬ڱǼƣþɢ
橣
Թˣȴ˵òӡֻżҵİᵽĸƽ£߾ˮˮ
δֵ飬ʱŮĻ»ĸУȻҲᱻȼ޸
źֱӳޱҲˣƫƫڳˣȴ֣ĸ棬ȴҲˡ
橡
ذ߹һߣͻȻ̶ֲգȻŶͰ㶼Ҫˣ˶ʼ˵
֮ǰһ͸һˣزֱĻϲ⣬ƭ㡣
ͻȻЦһ
˵öԣҲҪ֪⸱Ƥµûаػġ
ڸԺӡſڶ۾˵ڴǧ
˴ͨԺӵǽ˵
ǵЦϣţ


8 ǽ԰
Ϊͻļƻ橵Ĳã橲òΪ˸ȽԺ·ԭڶǽԫϵǧλá
ʵʱԥ˺þãϾõǧ᲻òҪֻԥ˵ҪѼӱϡ
ѼӰӰںԺռزСҪŶҪӣϸСľ˳紹䣬յȵԺӶʱ˵
ԭѼӶ߶Ѿ˻ǰ춼ˣΪᴩߵʯþļɽ·ΪҲߺλһյء
ԺӱͲûǧﶼѾŲˡ
ֿһ㡣Ʋ֣Ϳ԰ѻǧŽȥˡ
橿˺ü֣ҡҡͷˣǧڿ̨ˮ׵λðɣҪˣˮǱֵɰɡ
ˮ׵λѾܿԺˣҲľɫ
ôö˶ҪͨԺӰԸȥ󣬷橻ӣСʵ
ɨһ۶ǽϿҪͨԲιţһǽ֮ԺӰȸԸ̤㣬ԽԵ塣
һͲӰǰһæĶҲӰӡ
֮ͨǰӽģҲпǴģӡδͬ⡣
ǸҪŶ̾һ
һֱӽӣҲֲ˹ĺáҲų̾һݺ˵ӵƢÿȥҩȻĺݵһҲ
ҩͲҪӺȵġűֽϻ׵ֽϣԺӵĲּسǰ
񲻽۾
ӿģҲ˵ҽӽӣҪҸͻƿڡıԥܾãһһǧӡ
򵥵ǧԾȻֽϡ
㲻ôҵ̬ȶö𣿡ķ±ʣ̧ЦЦ
ĿͻȻԾЦ
Ҳǣ˴Ϊ˵ǱҲ⡣
ҪҪͷŻȥɨݵ磬ͻȻʵ
һֱ̤Ժӣ¹￴ģԾͰͷҲһ
Сһ죬ϸҡҡͷˣӲġ
ʧӦһ
Ȼ˰ߵ̨ײ˰ɡ
һ㶡
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ͷ˵öԡ
ݼҲ̫ˡĥīС˵ҿַһˣԺмʵѾ߶ˣﲻҪ˽𣿡
ҳһ٣׵ָеҳš
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ΪѵҡҡͷݼҺ֣ѾС˶˵Ҳ߶ҡ
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˶Ǽˣūݸ
ҳһ١
ţݸһֱֹ֣ΪϿǷ޴򡣡̾
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һ˵Ϊͷۣһ˽ʮˣٰӵҲһò/̺õˣҪԼˡ
Ĭţϵĺصİ׺ѹݵļϣƱصѹɫ԰ףϸϸȥɼֱͦ´ɫ
ߵľż𡣡һ̲סӣе׹ܲܣҲˣܲһֱ
Լ˵Ҳ̲ס̾һҰ׵գ̲ס᣺ҹվҪȥˣٰҪע壬ܼҵƢҲȻѡݷ͸
һֱ˵ɫ΢΢üһȴ˵ˣ
ǽ򣬲Ը˵
оڳĬգüĺݺ΢䣬۾ϣ˶ڷŭв
ҲҪԺＷ˳
ҵ顣һ˵ȴ̲סӣҡ
Ϊһˡ
˽ţѪɫ¶һ㲻֮ɫ˺Ʊ¶µһֻֽҪһ΢ˮξܱᴩ
Ҽ޸޹ءĸ첲ҲвңԸġ
Ը£סһ֣Ӳ
ҲˣûʲôҿҲĻ֮еȱһŮˡ
ϸϸĦָ˫/ǹָᾣָӲΪϰʼϸϸȥǻδȫ˵Ӳȡ
˫įձĽڸǡǹ¶ţһһ죬Ʊֵ˼䣬΢š
ǰıݸһ޴Ƿб˵ޣݼͼϵľһصס޷ѡ
ΪʲôͷɳƵؿʵ
ͷΪɻüֵĸоһδʱֻһϲ̨ŮҪһɫɺˣȴ־УܾúƼˣ벻
ֱü
Ҳ֪˭ˣеģļ䣬Ǹ䲻
Ҹоļ䣬һǺ¡
ЦЦʵݼϺүսͿʼ˥ˣĸ˼ɼûˣʱʮȴҪһֳݼңůȻ
ݼǵݵĻԻͲʮ״Ԫ£ҫ۵Ĳò̻µĻ⣬ת˲ţαܣʮһֻʣ±˧ױͻ
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Ϊ˽ʱݼò޸Ӧ츮Ҵɾ塣
۾й⡣˼޴󣬿ϲǻһתЦ˵ţϲһβ˵ġ
ԸãȻҲԸá
ʶ¶ųⲻõıɫ̲סЦ
ˣ㻹֪ͨԺӡֱַ˱ϣЩǻöȥ˿ţҪ˱忴ţʲôʱԼܷԼֽ
׹ǵָ΢΢ֱڷһۼ
߳ˣɡ
嵵ּᶨסģһ޵ü¶һ㰧֮ɫ
ӣҩˡ ſڣֵµڵҩſڡ
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֮ǰʮ춼͵ҩȻһҲûߵԺӵš
Ǳ˰ɡ
Ϊͷ۵ԴɨһĮʾⴺҰ˷Ž
ҩϣֹص˴Ժӵ̨׶ˣںҪҪ˳һ̨ίС
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ԺӿԼҪͨģѵԼˡü˵ֱɢɢϳ
ǿˣǺǻ̬ȿ̽壬ѵ΢̬ȣȻ󲽲뿿һ㲦
һ˾Ļɵȴƫƫ˵ĿŴ³ļֶòָָأһһ󴦣ָн࣬Ȼֱһ㼦Ƥ
ŮͬܰĴУ봺ϸ֦ĪЩꡣ
嵳༫Ϊ޴һѹɤӣǵְɤʱһɫ繵ζٰŮе󽾰ڴ˿ƽ⡣
úúóҩġ嵵㵽ΪֹٽغһᣬŻָͷЦɱǸ歺ÿˡ
õü
ɫڸ˭ǸҿɲϲЦһⱲӾ̫ãѡˣһզˣҩȲ㣬ˣҪϢˡ
˳ְ˱ҲƵֱߣɢɢ׼뿪
λջ֣΢΢ףһˣĲ𣿡
˳գǰ֮˻δʱǸϥСӣһ𶼲¶ֻ˵ҵ£
ʱջ֣˿ǣ˵ء
Ұҩˣ𣿡̫԰׵ɫĽϸۡ
վֱӣӸµؿԼĵܵܣӰϣȫס
С
ʮĸȰҪ״Ԫ˵ˣ¡
ͬҲԸ֣ЭʱҲ˵¡
ҳ꣬㲻ԸβҸ㣬һҪ̯Ҳ¡
ڣһҪ㣬ȲҩҪҪ۾Ҳ¡
嵲Цʱ˫һĵ۲תܰ˹еôһƬѪ⡣
ɣվˡ
൱־𡣡
ϣûѪɫİ÷Ҫֱ֣ͦͦţнľĿҲһ̾ͻлȥмǿذŷ֣һͷԵҲվ
嵵ĽŲԶȥ飬ͷ
ڰˡ
Ҳ֪˶ãϵ¯ʼð̣ϵڶһ£Ħţµ¯˲ֱ̺˱ŷҳֱһʺĺۼ
ֱ͸ҩ
ָֻþȫС룬ָ΢ŵڲ
ˡ
嵲һ˿Ц⣬һڣֱſڴҵĻһֱŵƣӡ
ˣ
ԺУ橾ȵؿǿڱͻĿ롣


9 ʶ
ͻȻϳҩ˵ľȻǳӣҩ䣬¼ߵø˽βĹ̡
ϥϵĺҪļʱº֢˵۾ҲҪÿշҩġ
ʮ㣬׼꣬õӵͷȻǺ޲ð鶼ٰϽ̡
һû뵽ݼ˾ȻԼ֮࣬Ҳϸ
䵭ڼǰ԰׵հӰУԽԵùƧ۵Ļɡ
ȻҩͲͣҩһҲͣǰ̲סһ˵
ϥĵ飬Ӧǳ̴ԸôҰͳţŤͷ˵ÿյһʱ
¶֮ɫָʶصϵĻƣΪͷ
۾ϵҩ󡣡Ŀһתһֱϡ
橺һۺδ֮⣬Сһ죬Ȼҡͷ
嵲ֶʹʹɫ
룬ܾԽˣҡͷϵ鶼һ㶣Сͨ졣
ö΢΢ޱش˵Ķӡ
޹սĶԽоȵ̧ͷ˿ǣﰥһһã
һСִֽŵģʲôȴͷҲ̧ذ˾ܾˣҿ橾ͦõģÿնҩҩʱ˳ҩòˡ
ԭ̧ܾɫڵⲻ㲻
Ը⣬αǿѡܵߣһ˵
嵳°ͣɵؿ橣üϸüббһɨһ٩֮ɫŶԭ㲻ԸⰡ
ӼҲˡ橱˴Ȥڵ鶼ˮ⣬æֽ͵
ɷµصͷռҲǲ˵ġ
Ķ̲סһЦ
õɨǸһۡ
ûвˡ橿Сĵطš
԰˼ûвˣô˼ҲˡֱǸɫܿȾƫƫһô˼ҲˣҲˡ
ŤͷܾƿһĻ
ǸǶĲС
橿˫۾˹⣬ԵԽ޾ޡ
ɽ
ϧԼľͷܵܿ
ЦеؿǰĬˣԼһǾɣ»Ҫ鷳ˡ
˵
֪Ϊϵм¶һЦ
ɣҹվҪȥˣҹٰɡǰ
ҪȥˣЩԾ
ǰЩȥˡ嵴˸Ƿʶӡ
㶵ؿͻأĶܿ¶һ㾪֮ɫӶ΢΢ü۶˵㽿
ǻ顣һЦֵ˵ԴϢȥˣҩͰˡ
ԾлæҲҪ뿪
öҾͺˡ嵶գգۣȻȥ԰ɢɢҪʱ߶
ãæŴˣһʶȤĴӣ˲䰲
޽£˼ʵ࣬⻹˵һ˵һյҲûС
Ŀһû¶֮ɫ˵Ҫȥ԰÷ˡ
ֿʲôϵһ⬣˭˵Ҫ̣Ҫ˵ѵ²̨Űݡ
橺Ҳ˰µĽһʼЩѿö֮Ҳϰˣֻһת治ɫ˵ŸζҲǺõģٹѩ͸ˡ
ۣ˵
֣СĴĸ첲ϣûбֳŰһӴȥȥ
ʵƾ֮˵橣Ը˵һ㡣
ᣬȴûʱŮеĽˮŴ˵֮ɫ֮˵˹ҧִһζԵøڲͬ
ɴ˿̵˴һСϤĸо˲ɢȻһ㲻͡
СֱҴ
޼̬ȡ
زͻȻĲãһ֪ˣ˺һҲûٿ̱ض˵һ䣬һȴϱ룬üһľż˵һŶһ¡
Ҳľżȴһߡ橷˳ȥ̲ס
ԣüʶ
ʲôʱյ/ˣҲ֪һ̵˵ţһ㶣üĻӲţæתƻ⡣
䣬Ӷһɡ˳ְֱߵȡҪϡ
ꡢ橡ɭɭڶһֻսصأۿɼطӡ
ֻǶҪˣæס֣Ҫѿȴо˫ģһҲãҧŴС֪ӻ
˫ֵͽȻأһ̾Ͱϸ󵱳۶ϡ
۵۵׶ˮ⣬ԷԼӲ֣ʹ˵ҿɫ̫ãһ㣬ӻȥҲ̥ܰ
ϵɫһ
ɫáͷϸ橵Ļ
ɫ̫ã˲ٷۡ橿⼸Ҳ˺üγ̴ҪôӰĻȥǡ
Һ׺òá
ϸ۵θס˫֣Ѳֻ˳Ȼǲ֪˿ȥָ֣Ҳռһλá
һ㣬ҶԴϲ𡣡
ǰĬīͫ˸Уȴǲɷᡣ
ĿϣѾõĽɿɼϬ̹ǡ
橶Ŀⲻ㲻ѵõļ֡
Ļˣǰˡһһ˿ɭɷ˵
橱˵˼̲סҧҧ
˵˳Ĭż䣬ͻȻüһ³ĸ֣ϲң
üļЦ֮ɫҲڵĸЦ˵żüβм䵭
ǵĿշϺ⣬Ҳ֪ǱĻǱߵģ˫ĺɫ鶼ҫ۵Ĺ⡣
ǣҡҧĿؿǰ֮ˣϲӣΣֵñЦ
ߣûбֱվţȴѾ˲ӸµעӸС
ϲһֻ橵°ͣĦţЦţͳңӢͦȻһ¶ЦüüԼɼ绪
橺˶䣬ɲ˲ؿ۾
Ҳϲ㣬ǺãȻؿȻ橻Ǹо䳰ߣעһֻ΢ϣĿⶼʩġ
Ӷ˽ңȻϲҡͻȻƽǰ֮ˣߵľ룬֪źڲ֪нһ
ͷڵ۾˸źĹҫۣΪβһᡣ
Ϊʲôǰߡ
ǣӲң
һһ³󼸸ۣͫˮ⵹ӳŴ̨б΢⣬һںڰз⣬µü۶˵㲻֮ɫ
ںڰе⧲ŵǹϤ÷㣬嵭ȴ޴ڣȻ֪ǰ֮˵ģĪһֱڰؼ䣬ƻһ𻨡
ӦǴز֪Ļ硣
Ƶڻһ̿˲˼
ڰУĻģֱָ˵Ĵݺ˦ǰ֮˵֡
橺˼ŷ󣬿޲ݣһ
Ĳǵˣ
Ǿ伤ǰߵĻ˵ģȴǵˡ
ŵĳĬ
ϸ׵ʼ췢ͣ͸ĺۣɼղȷʵֻ°ۣҲۣۡ
һҲʧܣã֪ôӺ֡
ѵĿʱǴ⡣
ֻţ;Щʧѹ
վǰֿʼԼϵżϵ磬䳤𪣬ǽڷָشŽᡣ
һ˹
ʱ䣬ѧԼϴ
˿ңʹȣȴûдŵ֡
ǵȴֲʵĿһϣ۹۲˰£Ȼϰ˸ͬĿ⣬ޣЦСģֲһۣЩǳ/ظһзϣһôˣǴ۵㡣
ڽգǴػڶԾһˡ
ֱס
ʱ˿̵ߡ
ҪС絽Ҫʲô
ͻȻЦһڹĳĬ
Գ˼оѣؿ
ڵմһƽ⡣
׳ɹԼΣĿ׼ȷϣһЦЦݲ̬վȻ³һа
㶵ؿӶ΢΢β˳Ľë¶峺ͫеһ㽿ȡ
ҳȥЦһͷŷ֣˲侪ǰ͵Ů
ǿڰлεģڷ˪ڲΡΡ˵ء
ѩеˣǧڿһ޵ľϲҲˡ
ˣҲֵѹ
ǲЦСС֡


10 ÷
£Ӱб÷治嵰صǰ״ɻƿڵĺɫ÷Цӯӯؿš
䣬üΪֱͦԺӵ񣬶ŶţɫػűµĶ
Դäʼʰ࣬Ȼһʼ˺ܶ࣬ǵѵĿΪĸţıʷڲͬķǡ
һ֧ī÷亮ɪɪӭ
⼸Ͱ橵Ĺϵͻͽοؿš
֮ãҪ˼ʶλ֪ȫǸä֮ˡ
ϰߵҲգֻǳԴһʣͻȻٵʵ벻֪橳ʲô𣿡
˹໨ϴīϴëʣ״޶á
ѵĹɫĴˣҿȸٹҪһ㣬ǴǵУСܽأ컣һ˫ЦļһӵܵķЦ󣬺ٰŮӡ
κΣΪϸµϴīʡ
ҲҪá
ϴīһ٣ԣ΢΢ü
ô˵һСһ̲סüЦļϵˣҿɲ󻹲֪Զ߱ܿ
㲻Ҫȥ𡣡Ļ˵
嵱ߣ˵͸ʹɫ
һòڲš
Ц
ﲻһ۾һӣζֶѬˣֻϣݵ֮ǰºͷ¡
ȡĿͻأ𣬡ˡ
Ǩŭһֱ޽ǣʩʩȻ˳ȥ
橴Ŷɫȹ޼һ֧챦ʯ򵥾ȴҲ󷽣վſڣЦӯӯôӾõˡ
ãˡ״شһΪ֣ܵȥ
ˣŽŲ뿪ŸŴʵ
տ˴ֲСü˳۵˵š
橽ŲᣬֱӴӹŴ˽վļɽ޵øïܣ˭Ҳûֱ֣Ƴɽű෢֡
Ѽɽˡ˵
Ӧ¡
Ǳߣ橺ȥֵٰˮϦ֣ˮϦǽʯлѣһǸأСﶼűطҪһ㡣
òˣ֪ļεΪ֡嵴ؽһ˸˻ӣˮľ
ٰһ֣ǰ®ݱﲻֵһᣬˮţʧӰ٣ٹˣգٰС
ϾϹİѾ룬ʧǮֻҪ˰Ҫٶһ
ĿڰͷһѵǻȥģܱȴսҪһ㡣
嵳̾һͻȻû¡
һ򴽣˼ҡҡͷί͵ٳš
ջߣȵشŷ·Ҳǵʱ˵Ĵϼ߰ǰխģ
αʧܺ󣬶Դκǲ֮ϢԹֿʼʩϢ̶̵̼꣬ˮ˵˫ӯѸ١
ʮǰӴٰܵǱģ·ֿʼǰݳ޻ȥ⼸֮꣬ԽԽҡ
λȴȨأͳһĶݺٰôҲڴʱ˵·
Ҳ£ļ˶ļãȥܲġƿߣѹеʣת۲˵š
ƽЦŵͷû¶ѿ֮ɫ
й䵽Ϧ£ĺſЪ֣ʩʩȻػȥˡ
ʵûܶණϵĶӲġ
СЩ¸·ûǿҵϲЩŹŮǰ飬ʱʱȵĶлûмȤ
ЩİһʵԺûе鷿Ҫٳһ
ˣֱӷɡ
⼸յСһЩ£ûʲôǰߵ¡Թš
Ҳ̾һҲû취ֿʼϴˣǿֻܴۡƲϢˡ
ۡǹټҿǵСֻƷϵĹԱõһ㶼ҷУҶԺϵ˽ţȻòκϢġ
ͻȻһٰǵİԣ˵ҵ֪ô£˵һǰмҽгϦСٰͻȻУگ̨ɰٹ඼Уų͢δ֮£ǹԱδ֮¶пǣӶЩ̽Ϊ󵨣濯ʡԺй¶鰸
۾һôǳڱ̯ϡ
ѹС˵˵ǰи˿˽϶Դκи֮ĳ֮£ּһǳҵگ飬ٰ׸ȫ̳ãѾˡ
橳̾һ
ϳҲңԹڣκܺ
ͷ˵
ˡδ߽ͿԥԥվԺſڡ
Ѿ߶ûкɫ鵱յĻĿȻһ飺ôˣ
۾ţСؿŷˣС˵Ӱ¿Ժļɽˡ
橲ķӦЦŵͷЩС²ض˵
˽ѵ¡һƽͻȻڨڨصͷ̧ͷǻõӣʲô㡣
һŤɵضȥվ橵һ࣬ͬЦе˵أǹ飬ҵȻֱ͵ھͺá
εջ֡
橿ѾյĹţֻǸһǽԺȴ࣬һ۾ܿڴϵ
ѩ׺øŴͶ˵üѹ
ܿע⵽վֱӣȴ橶ЦЦҡҡͷʾԼȥ
ôˣزĶ
ӣС˵˻ˡ
Ĭţŵǰ÷廨ζǳԶ
ȥ԰ʱժһ÷ҩʱ³ź÷廨˽Ȼ̶̼ݳ֦ģ
ӿӦҲϲġ
ϡǸС̧̽ϲ˵Ļȴֹ˵
˼ȻɱƽЭ飬Щ򵥵С£ǿܽܡ
ĬΪֲˣæ˵ٰΪֲ໶ģǵ˴Χˣֻǲ֪ϵ׺⡣
ϿûչЩëƤĵ͹ȥܱ棬ܰκˡ
һЦָϣüĿ䡣
ճÿڷ˵ܻǡ
໰δ˵꣬ͼ԰ָ£ʶ졣
ӣʱѾ˰ʱ̴콻Ҫʱȥشʩ롣վڹŴԶԶվţӭ˵ߣ΢΢һЦ
̧ɳ©ŷʩʱѹˣһǱֻ֪ҪƤ
С̴ҩҲˣӹȥ
оݵؿ˵ǡôֹ˶ѿڶĻ
գգۣǶǳǳУͻȻòӷ֮ǰǧĻֻõصͷװ·
ãöȥףܾ
º͵Ŀڶϡ
൱Ǿ֣֮ĶԾ
Ӹղ˵ȻҲҪȥشǱ˹Ŷ໺Σ˵˲֪İţһ˹ģ崺硣
ҪڴǰϷ뿪ٰ
ü˫ս֣ݺݡɡ橡
в
ŭַЦһ˵ġ
࿴֮˭Ҳ岻ȥĽӲգöֱɫ
κΣһ֪ʶȤͻݵ橴˿ȴ޶ãֻǶؿ
ľʷֱȷ֨ѽ/ֱһѵļ⡣
ŭ˵ȴͻȻ
ҹȥ
һֱյ˫ɿЦ𽥼һŻǰԺӡ
һҲ˳ŷӳԺӣ֪طַ˺е㲻һˡ
ôƼŭӣŵģȷʵǵһˡ
Ӹ֣
Ϊʲôû
սеĽ֮˳Ŷյķ͵ȼ𣬼ֱǺ޲һֻ̽ǿϧǵЦû¶۽ͻȻȥ
űȱ绹ҪһˮŶӭͷ¡
ʲôԣʲô֣ͨͨʧһɶ
ĵѬ¯ǴˡվԺſڣЦӯӯؽš


11 
۵úܣȻϣɫ侲ʹ֮ɫÿ̴̵ָϥѨλܸоֱԽԽ
иоŵĵת˼Ȧս͵סֱֱ֣ð
ǲǺۡٿվǰȴͣ½Ų
ϣӲ˲ð亹۵ؿüˡ
°°ȴǸ˵γе롣
۾˵ûƻӵľȵĿռ䡣С̴ӹ常е룬Ҳ¶Ц
һ
۾ءʵ
ӰĿƵϣаʱӷҩɶԡ
橵ͷų̴ҪҩҲС̴ģҸϵҩ
ӿʲôоŤͷ
ϵĿ⣬򴽣ûС
Ƭ̼䣬еʧҲڲס
ӻҰ׽ӵüëҲʶ
Ӧðһ㡭źӣɻ˵ȴڣҡҡͷ
пһ£æ⣺Ͼ۾ŷҩûãʱ仹û
˵öԡЦŸţʱҪİĦ常Ǽӣӵȱ֪۾ô졣
һۣæͷļˣ
εز⣬ΨһֱĬ˵橵ͷ԰׵ֻսָ֣ⷢס
ֽǲʯѹͷһԼǸǸ֪Ĳм
橿˫Ų԰׵ָӲغƶϵҵıĵһ˿ۡ
һֽ侲Լ˺Եνһģ
̫ĸˡ
˶˵Ϊã˶˺㣬޼ĳغСĿпᵽ١
סֻڷϵıֱ˦ǰۼֿ¯УȻѱõϣס˫ȫѹƵ֡
÷ڱǼƣڴ̱ҩζгϵػӿıŭ
봹ۣǸ¯
յҩ˴ֱˣǴȥʰҩ䣬̧ʵ
橿
ˣǾͻȥϢһᡣѯʵ
ۣ˶׵Ĵɫȥ
ǾͻȥҵȻҵѾá橶ųЦ˵ţϵǳǳſɬҩζҩ¯ס
ͷͷһˣһʱ͹
͡Цŵͷ
Ƿ˶ʩĵһ죬ǵǿ˻ҡ˳ŵʱ򣬳
橸мЦЦ֪ˣллС̴򣬲ҪԼѧǡ
ȻЦŵͷ
캮·עⰲȫµЦӯӯ
л
Ĭ˵ĶԻ󷽣ָů¯Ļϣ򵥵ҶȴתָʱʱѵıػԽò
͵ĦеĻƣ̰Ҫѻģһһ˳ſסλرȻš
ĥߴ
ֳһ˿мš
ݼ·ų̂׺ʯ·ģػصҲֻۣǡôȸղŻҪѿ
ɨһϵӣš
ڵ÷𣿡˸˵Ժİˣ硭
áһ治ȵʯͷһھܰѻ
һ·ԻصԺӣںͷ˵˼ӻˣӭ
Ҫūȥҩûöʵ
橰ν࣬ЦҡҡͷС̴˵ȻԼ͹
С̴̫áɸ̾
۵һ
еů¯ͨһڵϣˤķѣŵ졣
Ҳһæָⷺź⣬ָ׸棬Ѫ˳˿˳һ̫˵û
ƣҪȥֻ˵
Ƥһ
Ƣôô
橿Ĳ򴽣״µظ˵ǵõȻС̴õҩ
ڰӦ¡
橿ĲֻôŷԼԺӡ
Ѱ಻סƢһصԼԺӾ̲סԹӵƢôĪ
֮ǰء¯飬һ̾ҲΪѡ
˭ΪѡҧҼҹˡ
ϸҩҵȻȥġ˳ִժһС컨ڷ޼䣬ЦŲ
Ƿ˵ġϥʩ֮һʱ˷Ϣϵ硣
۲˵
ˣȻ˻Ҫġϰ˵Ի˳־ʹ
ӳȥ
ӲغԺеʯ
һ٣ڨڨ˵Ҹͻȥ
ۣ˳Ľëڲ԰׵ϣĬ䡣
ˣ
ʱŵš


12 ҩ
ݵʱ̲ס̧ɨ橡
侲ºͣһҲûļ
ӺӷżжţƢʵ̫ˣһѩɵ޻ӵƢȫûзӵء
ǵ
ӻ𣿡Сʵ
ҡͷţǸ覴ã˳еյġ
Īһ𣿡
ӺҪǿҪǺϺƵĶ
ɲ⣬Ťͷȥ橡
橵ߴӹŴջأͷ۾㣬޹ʹԾδ֪İԺҲ΢ע㡣
ʮλսĻСʱ˵ʱ˵𣬳ȱã鷳еһ޵Ķѹֲסķŭ
ڵĻǸյÿ˶ڿƣڽУÿɻ¶ǵСġ
ǶٽеˣʵĹİб߶ǴѪĵС
Ѫ֣ƫƫ޷
Ϊļˣһ𳤴ϴȰĴ׵İ㡣
ջؼҼ𣿡ȷ߶࣬еСüʵ
Сҡͷ
Ԥʧ䣺ʲôʱʵ𣿡
ԣϸֳŭûǱ߰סˣ֮ǰû
ˣȥеСط˼¡ͷ˵
ˣС̴ҩˡƿӣССԲ΢죬۾
ɨɳ©ôô硣
飬Լӭ˳ȥ
ֻ̨µĳһҩһһֻƴСè
è۾һ
Ǳߵģĸèˣʣֻˡ˵Ҳ֪ôܵҩ¯ˣصúúõģղҩҪ
ÿɰ̲סӹֻƴèֵš
СèرģԲ۾ִԲ
ҡ񾪺һĶҪˣҲ
橽ӹֻСèСèë׵СԴ˲ģȡ
èϲ㡣ҩݸЦ˵ţϲţǱ߶˵èܹԣᶯҺˡ
ë׵Դ˼΢
СǶ϶ߴߴͨǶǽֱǰʯͷԼĽţӣնжӸڴ
ó˵
Ķһ£С˵С̴ҩˣں˵ǻﱧʲô
Сè̫Сû
¿ҲǴ˿õգʶü
橵ĳ֣ʯˮŵĺ棬óŵݼҵ

̾һȥǱ߿
ףˡ׼ʱͻȻ˵ҩˡ
ͷԺеĽŲ
һģ
ţ԰˵˽ʼԸӷҩ
شǰǶĥĥĶԻһ
Ϊǲ橵ļҰС̴ӦûδԶ
áؾܾ
˵䣬ߵ̨£Сʵ𣿡
໹δ˵ھʹ
Ļͦɡ
˺ЦʱһֻȸССһֻģӯһƬëëɶůӵķ﷢
űƿߵǰϷ̴ٵ졣
Ҷһʩ룬ӵġߵºֻͣȸԼģųĴ̨ϡ
ǸϽ£ֲģȻϲ˵ʵۼų⣬ۼһѵ·
һҪٽ˹ϵһβ̬ȣǰֻҪһλ۽Ѩ̼λþң橿飬ѧ棬λĵͷųʦˡ
ǰҲָЦŰҩݵֱߣ漣÷˵ϲԶ÷÷÷ġ
һ÷С
ϲĿζζҿǱ߻кöֵֹζڶԲϣһ֮ˣЦе˵ģϲ𣿡
ԣüһ
Ҳ㲻ϲ
Ǹ˴žԼ棬˵ʱǹ޵÷ζӭޱذ÷
𣬴ˬ
üһɡ
֪ϲֱ߶һͲģֿζҶˣöװ˱
Ҫ
֪˲࣬ڱ˹˵Ī˵ŭְѶƿװͰ͵ġ
һĶۼֿѰģЦ˵лˣ÷ɲŶӡ
࣡ҧгݡ
ǵЦѣŶգգۡ
ԷҩˣȻء⣬״µ˵Ǹǰһϰɡ
Ǻ֮ǰоһӼǵó橳š
Ҳ֪ûյģ۲˵
ɾһˡòǿš
Ѭ¯Ц˵ţС̴򶼿Ѿʦˣġ
С̴ڰοҡ
㡣ͷôأ˵ĶԻΪá
һҩϣ۾ҩõҩҩ౻з棬ϣ֮ů¯ѬȣҪϰĦܷ֮á
ˣһҪ
ɵλ̫棬ֻһλãòǰӿΪ˳֡
ڴϵڳ˼䣬ͻȻŵǹ÷㣬ڶĦ
ɾܱŤ
ˣͣ¶ظоĶ
ûСô˵ţȷʵ΢΢˲ࡣ
һ㶣򴽡
һֱվԵͻȻţΪ˶֮ǰһ˰ɣɵе档
ԭˡ
ͬʱаһĦƶһҩҪ
ȵȡЩæңһů¯һְҩС̴˵ҩҶ
˫ϸ۵С־ҴҸ԰׵ϣָ⻹űů¯Ѭȵ¶ȣüġ
ǵϡ΢ɼ¶ԭ
˱ӲŹֵơ
ɷϰɣô棬Ҳ㡣ڽš
ڵٿعŹԭ
ͿԴŷֻˣɨˣһҲͻȻ˵վɡ
˫һȴСһĴȣʶ˻ȥ
ֻǱһСϺ⣬ڵˮ
㡣첻˶͵˵
ǰСҩЧˡæǰæ
Դѹϣߣڵס˫̵ۣüΪǰ֮˾ǵɡ
ɣɽ
ǵش󵨵뷨ָϺ⡣
ϣޱ飬ʱʱܸоϷ֮ϵ÷ζڱǼɨֻȸĳɨϢ
橡
ֻСȸԺȴֳָһ΢ȴĻ硣
ְס橵֡
ܾһɴ۾ָӲǵȴӿ졣
̡
˲ͨ죬Ű°ĶܺõγѪ


13 Сè
ࣿ
Ķ౻ŵһ顣
Ҽҹء񲻸˵رԹš
Ҫһֻèӻ𣿡橺Ƣؼ˵š
͵ܽһֻеСĸèĸèСèͲˣȱ˷ʱֻһֻСèС̴Ǳߣ֪Ƿʡ
Ҳ֪ıһֻСèٻɫģֻƴСҫţǲǺܿɰ
࿴űеСèСèСͷģʪɿɰһ뵽ӰƢֻҡҡͷ
ǰϲСģڡЩΪѣǻӳ֡
Ȼ֪ˣܾĻ̲סʧ̾˿
ȥӡ࿪˵ֻèҲӿ
ôǿɰСèһϲء
橿Ƭ¶СèȰˣҲèá
Ϊְèֵ˵ͷһϲզ죿
ϸһ룬ò˵ҲûܣҲŲ˵
绹С̴Űɡһ˸ע⣬С̴ºͣСèһܺá
䲻һ
᲻̫鷳ԷˡèЩԥ
ģС̴ôã֮ǰҩأֻèĻץ󡣡ţÿ춼ҪȥҩҲÿ쿴Сèһء
ָżèëŵһ٣һèëͣԭһãؿ˵Ͷˡ
䳣סڻشƺ˵˭¶ЦΪʱΪ¶˵ʵӸĮҲͶĳϴЩ
վȻƢĻ
Ǽ
Ҫһǡ
ȻҪȥҩʱһ¾ͺˡ
ӻϢ𣿡ŤͷŶࡣ
డһӻͣһƬ߰뷨Уȴ̵˵ţ˯߲ãֻС˯
΢΢۾ӻʧߣ
صصͷ
˿
̴ҲΪ
ϵЦ⣬ֲɫһֱôƢҲá
˯õˣܺá
Ǳ벻ˣ㻹Щȥɡ˵ҸպҪȥҩ˳ҲҪȥè顣
صԺӵʱ򣬸վͿһֻ׸ųͬʱҲһϤ
Ҫһץסҷɵĸæʵ
û
ӡеżţǽغһ
¡ڣɫɷףͷ亹ɫΪѿ
Ÿ뵽ˡ֮
ǣյ˵

Ŷ룬ֻ뿿ڴϣһѪɫ͸ɫ֮һӲȥ
ءؾܾţŸϵݡ
ֻµĻȡŸϵͰдһС֡ݡ
𡣡һ٣֣üһɷòҰ׵ʵ˲䴵ɶϷѪ
𣬴κɱǰڲɽɱͻϮɱʮཫʿնɱ˧ʱʮ꣬꽫һս
ôˣҲɫ䣬߾̸Ͳ̸
κԶҲǵһˡƿҪæְ˷ϡ
λ߹ؽ⼸վͶҪȥˣӦҲƲ˻Ƶǰ󿪴ϣϮƣݿɽˮ˷زǺú󷽣פʮҲϮĺѡ񡣡
κµ۵ǻڳҰ䶯󣬰׼䲻Ҳһֱ躹ޣ壬ҲпΪܻ
ǴκھƲҲͬʹ͡
˫Ŀȴָ׼ȷڿͼλϣһĻӣҶϣ׳֮ء
źſ羰ɢҪֱֵܺŴվһۣ֮ʱκ
Ļ޵һʼ𾪣ܿͿĿǰƣһηս

뵽Ǹڱʴϵ꽫ȴҲ侲һƥƴǣ䲻ʺ
ǰֻΪܻϸš˵
Ӧ£û˼ͼ˳ͼ
ʲôζüĽ壬ʵ
һ㶣ָڨڨ˵Сè
˴ӳһֻèšжµĶе㻰룬߶߶š
ӵֱӴĻ˵
ҲӲϲС̴æһ¡¶Ȼ˵飬С͵
ŷϵһ١
׼è͹ȥӲõģ徻˵ֿڽš
һ
һ㶣գգ۾ӵˡ
ѵϲè


14 
橶ҩʱظоղԣ̧۶ࡣ
գۣüëҪȴ˿ûжʲô˼
ĽŲʱ΢ͣһ£̤֮ڡ
ӣֿŷˣһת𣺡ףôèë
գգۣӣûʲô飬ֿ۶࣬ͼڸգ۾
΢΢۾ΪˣŤͷûè࿴ˡ
ɫһеžһ¡
༱֣Ĩ졣
ƫƫ橲ԴҲû³Ǵʲôգּɫ𺣬òӲͷƤţǡԣ
һ
ðôˡ
졣봹ͷǳ
橱죬۾ؿޱ飬ֻתƻ⣺ϸҩЩ࣬÷ȥ˵ġ
һµİ⣬ζڿζ
ġæڻգ𣬷Ϣһᡣ
һת˵Ļžһеİϣڣϼβǯľԭɢİ˲
׼ӵһ٣ڨڨر
塣ûյ⻯գ޵
һ١
壿
ԶһЦ˵ţŲ뻯ȴֻΪģȷʵǸߡ
ΪԾڰӵ̿˺һҲûߣüͷ
Ź忴븹أ᧿ΣȴֿкϷβ󲻵ǣƹƣϺ͸شγƿ֮Ȼѣ˺ƣ˷ι¡
˵˹·һĽͣܿϳСˣݵأڣƶơ
Ĭظźı棬˵ĶԻ޷Ӧ
ԭˣһ֣Цտ
˺ʵеؿ
ͻȻЦһѧôһҲᣬ˼ۡ
ҲգЦ˵²ᣬ˻ᰡԺ÷Ӷġ
橵ߴ˳ЦҲóҩϢϢˡ
˭֪źֵݵǰ̧̧°ͣ¡
һ㶣ǿŽߵĺӣӨ͸ӵָӡůࡣ
̸ûΪˣһ䣬Цš
Ǿ͵ˡ
ϸָӹָʱָһ紺棬һ顣
ĺ΢䣬оһˣǰӣһů¯Уǹɵ÷ӭ㡣
ů¯üٿӵ֮Цӯӯ˵ǰչʱתģҾúܺÿӲԼһ£Ҳܹ
Ӷһ١
࿴棬ŭһʱ֪ЦǸó
ŭδ˵žһеĺ£ڶ𣺡ʮ㡣
ǻŭü䣬ûó
࿴𾢣ʣôˡ
ǿŰĬ
֣ǰ¨¦ټź壬ԣͷǳЦӺα̫ļϼڣ⵶ϵֻҾơ
ΪβͷĿϽǡ
ĬƬ̧̣ͷʵʦӺˡ
СʱһԼѧġЦ˵š
˵һҰ·ӾܴҡԲţΪǷܺƭԼŭգɼš
橼òһν͵ΪƭӣѧҲ㿴˲飬ʮ꣬ҲҰ塣
ѧ𣬴̱㵹ס
⻰Ҳ֪ﲻԣ橿һֱЦü۾Ȼ΢΢£޵ʹָĺ屻ġ
ůȴûƿͻİ
죬ؿŷˣһʱ޴롣
ͻȻĬüĲ
ҩҪˣӻǺҩɡ̧ʱѾЦ⣬ҩ룬ݵֱߡ
ºͲֵ¶͸봫ֱߡ
һϸģһҲ
ӹޱһţһζɢ˱ϢɢĿζ
֣ģӳ橴Ц⣬ѵӷֱߣ˵ǣࡣ
Цһţڼ塣
ó𣿡ЦţڵͫŹ⣬쳣
һ㣬üɫɢޱ鵫ܿ鲻
ڸⰲԺľԺҲʱʱСأСڴ
񣬲ȷҩɡ橸ҩҲʮˣһʼսսڣҲΪ
ҲϰĴڣҲֻվƹɵ鷿ڵϡ
һʼϲĿ˺ü죬ȷʵѧС̴ſ˼죬һտʮ죬˷ĳʦҩѾΪˡ
ƽշҩһֱӲ˵橶ż˵䣬ȴЩɵԼ飬ֻҩʱЦһ䣺ˡ
ɫ鲻ãʱԽ
ˣΪλҪڸɫ
ֱŲԶȥɱ۲Ը
ҲûƭһֱĬĶ뿪ſ˵òڣȴٰԣΪײ׼˳š
ş̌ӣʿˮС˵ǰѷڡ
Сë΢΢һüȴǲ


15 С
ͽ༫Ϊȴֲ֪Ӻ˵
ڶ컹û۰Ͱ͵ؿſڣǷ˲
ȵҩʱҲʱƤֱƫƫԺӽһҲѵð˼ߴߴҲûԽ
ڣԼʱҩһƽ޲һģһŶ߶߶
ô壿ȲˣּĪһ壬ĵĵȰС񡣡
졣žһӣ˵ѽյۡ
Ļֻöǰۡ
κɱͻϢѾסˣǰȴɺ޶֮ԽԽңټΪһСֱӷ˵ǰָʹѫһ¡
ս֮Զ׼
κʰ¸µķǣɲ̸͵ĻᡣɫշЦŹټҵڹ̬мһˡ
κбǴκµۣսĥ³ҰĲѪỴ֮̄ɱǰλֳԱظŵةศһѪ֮λ
λ̨ˣ˾һȫ帲ĲҾȴѾʼѧη塣
һʧذܡ
߱˵ܲˡһżͻȻɫۡ䱣ɭϣҹײڸС
ҺͰһһġ
ҺͰ׼ҿɲƽ͵ңжԹ˶ǰȵ꽫˱Ƚϡ
սܣ룬ȴԹǺյѪֶ±ɫ
ֻǲ֪ǱܿҪ¡ɫء
Ǹҹ׵ĺڼ꣬ʬҰսɫĮ߰Ψһ˫͸ۻδȥɷɱ⡣
ǹһӲǣ
˰𣬰ӦһǹɱǱߡЦһȥ顣
ǡ
պñֽͻȻһŲŤͷˣϴϲˡ
ȻϴβС˲Ļÿζ߼ؽŲͣڹŴλãֱ֮˲ĶĿڴǰ֮ϣżǰü䣺ӡ
ţĶֻĦеӣߺޱʾ̬ȱ֮ǰҪϼ֡
ǰˣ̨ף˽ӹеĶɨڵˣɤӣ״ʵ˽ôЩӵ˺һ
аžһϣͨȴڣΪٻ
Ҳȷˡ಻£Цֽһ䡣
ţڴǱߵˡ
һͣеĶ΢΢ס
˵պҪͬһ빬橽ţ׼Ķ
֪𣿡ǰذеҩݵС
治ɫҩһֱߺֱܿһ㡣
ջ÷⡣ǸЦеһº͡
ޱس꣬µַָתһźӣָһӨĹ
࿴мֵķΧֱü
ҩɡ̣߱ܿƳĬ˵
˭֪ȻŲüĿʼ
ŤͷȵؿŶࡣ
ҡͷʾ֪
Ĭ̧橣˫۾üѹţʾ˿ļá
ôˣ橱ĶŪסˣòŤͷ࣬Сʵ
ͬ⡣

򴽣ԽŨأµӱٿһġ
û¡˵˦˦ӣ̬ȶӵƹ磬һߡ
ͻŭҲΪͷۣ˰Ҳ֪⣬ֻȶ橴˸ɫ
ϵŭδˣҲŲ֪οڣ»ϽֻͣĿбӣе顣
ܿ죬߶ϡ
ˣ
࿴橿ʼʰҩ䣬ȵɨһɳ©ʱ䣬һֻǽû˵һ죬ʱŵø졣
š̲ס͵͵ɨüɲɫεջߡ
˸ɫ
ҵȻҪȥǱߣЩҪ鷳ͻظС̴ˡ˵
鷳æ˵һת⿴΢΢ףȻǲӣʯ䣬ʵǱ߻ʲô𣿡
Ҳ֪ӸղŽҸӷҩȥġ
ɨһ۴ϵˣȻü
ף˵ôˣͳŵʱͻȻָϵ˿ڣʵ
ʧЦС˵ղȥشöҩģһᣬһ¡
ֻèЦǻҪСһ㡣
ţС̴ˡ
ʹѹڵ伫ΪЩꡣ
è
ԴäǱ˲ɨز׽׼ز˵
һʼ橵ǲ񣬾ö֮ûж޶ãٺ֪Լ⣬㲻ɴһ㸩Ӻ˼һµʱȻʼͰ㶬һʼϰĴڣĿ⡣
ɽ죬ȻҲԼһ¡
˵ڶϣԴֱʵ
ѧ˱һ㶣ûа
⼸ôû˵š
Ӳ֪Ϊˣ²֪ˣ˵ٴҳ̴˵ҩҪŭ
ϸϸؽţգգۣ۾ţ۲ת⻪̷ţΪ𣿡
ܰƢԽԽˣ´βǶΪ㻹ΪĿء
ûЦЦǵɼͫ峺޽٣ֲ֪ҶҶҲǲἰ顣
Ҫȿһʲô
嵳ü˵š

۾ͻȻϵǸ֣ʯ䣬۾΢΢󣬾˵С
۾̲סһۣһæתƻ⣺˱𣿶Ǽ򵥵ģֻҪץ֧ƽС
Сǡ橳ǰ֪Ц˵š
һЦɺܿЦһ˵ɫ̫ˣҲˡ
Ŀ橱˱뿪嵿һ˵Ҳǹġ
Ӱ˳ʹӲӣӳ
֪ҲˣҲȷʵ֣·ǹʱĿʽ
ҾͿѣ۾ǺģһΪ۸ء
⼸쿴һֱȥûȥ֡
˵ҾȻûˡ
ڻ谵ɭɭ˵Ҫתƻ⡣
һڨڨϡ
ɶ֪ˣô죿ƹˤѣ̫ˡ
еķְÿ졣
֪֪顣
˺ˣҵĴöȥתƻ⣬˴ߣ԰ſڡ
պ빬ҪһԼƢ¶
Ըϴ멣̲ס˴¡


16 빬
ϻºӵͷΣּ׮ǹټҴͻ飬һºҪ빬л
ӲˬջǼ
빬ֻҪУһ󹬰ݼʺʱҲýţǸˣֻԼ飬Ͳ̫ѡһθš
橻£ͷʽĻιڣޣ޽ϸͷ۰׶Źˮκ챦ʯǽɽһƣø⾫¹
Ư̲סСɨ۳Ȳӣⲻ᲻ص˵˾䣬СɱٰĸҹŮÿء
¶һЦü䣬µβ΢΢´ݣǾС
ֻɺ޶
嵶գգۣ˾䣺Ȥ
ѶУüĿ壬ŸղŵĶš
Ŵӹ˹֣ݳ뿪
ЦеؿԶȥŴЦ˵ԾȻûóôˣ
ŴɫԣŨü΢΢ͷʵȴֱӹڵϡ
ɾ
ţһ˫׵䣬˲սȥֱײһ˻С
һŨشſɬĵҩζ
ץˡ
ȴִһ˵Ц⣬ĶƮ
ϵЦʧǳŨܵĽë´ֻĮؿŵʯ塣
ôٰˣҪƿ֣ȴ֮ء
˰˵Ĳְֻֽ䣬ֲһ˿顣
嵶ǽغѪɫָ⣬ͻȻЦһ˵סģҴȥ
ݣܵܿ㿴ҶܿˡĴ޽ǣͳɤеһֺ֮ɫ˺òá
ҹû˯ã뿪ֺʻ֣橼ɫãʵ
ĬҡҡͷĿбӵؿǰδǡ
橿˪֪ˣЩɥصͷֻƿӳ⿴ȥ
峿ٰʢﲻش֮˽Ц⡣
ȵҰҴˣҡ
ϲ֪λ֪صɴţ첽ǰܹȥߵǰ·Сߡ
̲ס̽ͷȥǸŮӯŭһСӣһɨһһЦ
ԭнĶܽ
һЦղŵ˲ʧ±Լ֪СֻЦѹӣתע⿴ȥ顣
СȻҲˣĺЦһ
ԭֻӿһ£ɲ룬һ͸ܵǸһɨߣɻ
ЦڳЦ
̲סҧϸȥּûʲô̲סȥǲǻڱ͵Ц
ôһ룬ֲԾܾͿƲסð˳
橡̲סںһ
ţôˣ
һֻСę̀׵СŲ̊£ճյĿСèβͽεεز󣬿ʱ˺ŰĿջߣӦһ

üͻȻŤͷ
橱ͻȻĿһæʵôˣ
ǰһ࣬ü۶ǽŵģֻǶؿֱ˿òҲ֪ðһ飺ӣ
ԴҲû뵽һеĹŹֶΪǰ飬ΪԼһЦ
ˣһ߷ߺԼȻǰ֮˵ģһŭ죬̲סһŤͷȥ
һͷˮԻʹҲ쵽ˣæ飬ʼ빬顣
еšǰ橶Է³ĶС˵
Сͺٳţ˵ʹ歺ôų˼磬ʹĶ֪
˿̣Ρ빬ţǽߣеĽ̲סð˳
һ侲ҲָղԼСˣգ˿˵ΪǸԼ˵ģŹֵ˵Ȼߣú¡
һ£ѵ
û뵽ῪڰοԼƽ׶˵ܳ
ɫϲæﰲοĻϲ˵˵öԣ˲õģʱվӵֱ߼ɡ
빬ûΣҲûдȣէһһͨûʲôֻĲҪȱȴҲȱ˸ᶨ
ºλƷݼҽɥɥĸԼݲҰҲеͷһɾ
ݼҵȫ֮һ͸£ӵʮ֮/ţֻµϵһ֧ʱ˲ã;ⶣֻݼ,ԶޣܵϹۣ˭̾һϧ
ټҶԴ˸ϧݼҲ԰Ϊ˲ֻ˹˽𣬼ٹ˽ǰӣά
ճŽǹټߵĴţ
롣ԶԶ˾ӭ˳̬Ȳִһ𾴣ټ˽ӣϽΰɡ
̧͵͵һǰ˵ˡ

ټˣһΪ࣬һΪй˰
ΪְλȨأõģΪټʹһö££ϸǸʥĵˡ
üΪߴ룬Բţ˵ʱǵЦûȥȥ˵ϸȥᷢ۵׸䣬ЦҲûȾɽһЦ⡣
ֻδüջߣͼǡôŤͷȥһü˳۵·ˡ
һԭ
͵˱ץΪ˼ͷǸȴԼ۾С˾䣺йˡ
λӷ˰ɡٿػ治ɫضͷټҲ˽ӣӣӷ롣
СһᣬŰһָŲԶ̧С̧ܽͣǰ
ϽεʱͻȻ˵橣
ڷŰֵŤͷȥ
й˵Ľ
һ㶣۾΢΢Ȼ˵ִ١
Ӧ죬˵ūŵùټϧŴ˽ΣȻҪϽΣū·ɡ
죬Ŀ⾫׼ϡ
˭
ټߵĴˣҿҪȻĻæ֣С˵ͷйˣ·
֣̬ͬȼᶨ
Ȼ֪̬ΪֵģǶŰϥ˸ӣǡ
Ƭ֮࿪ӣü۵ʹ
ҡ
תʱһһë
ǸΪʲôһֱڿ
ֱߵߣŹɵؽӹСŵĶҷȥ
ӲЩӵ٣첲Ÿ첲ȵŴȣ°ڽһϵѩɵζս˸ţԼڶо
ÿ
˵Ĳ̲סš
֪ʲô΢ţӶ
밲Զ㡣½ǰߵ˵š
ͷַֹ˹ָ
ָһҪĳ嶯ס֣һӡ
һЩţߴ˽һЦӯӯ˵Ҳ½ˣڴԵƬ̡
ĬԵصͷ
ûһſ֨һ̧ͷһµ˳Ϊţ롣
үǰ
ұְֱܿ˷Ц˵ţҡ
ӡĿ̨µϣδЦλӷ˰ɡ
ң࣬һ֮֮ϵȨƸ
æͷ
ࡣ䲻رȭ
ӿȥȻ˷ϲ¾ˬҴǰ֮ˣ۲΢ӵȣˣ
󷽵ס橵ֵ֣ͷչˡ
һ¶ǡôЦ
Ҳе»罺ģ
ŰʩʩȻϣֻһһ
ҵڼŮʵ
滹˫̥ͽ㣬ţǵŮ
ԬҴǰ֮ˣо֮ɫһδ㡣
ٳš
һδ˵ͿԵ߳ƫеش˲Ҫ˵ڵĻЦӯӯ˵ټӡ
ǰһҲ֪Ǵɻǹ⣬õм䣬òҵĿⲻòƿ
ʧ㡣䵭˵š
һ󱳲֪ʪһƬϽߵĻƣղ˳űǼһɽѩɣ򶨡
ҾѣЦźһ˵Ҵˣ롣
橵ֳŴȥ˼̨ͣ£ü΢΢
Сģ̨ס橾ڴ˿̼ʱ֣Сסһ֣˵߶ûƴ󡣡
Լƺġ
ϸ޳һֻССȸġ


17 
ۻδ٣޽ȴǰ߰һƬüۺ۳ɢǿʱۣƮɲ⡣
ʮһ·գڲ̧ʱܴ;ɣ˿һ
ټҡƿڵļž
޾ͷˡĿһɨ۾ϣɫͰ
֮ǰʱһЩԷ޻Ϊָˡ
˹˵ţƶҵ֮»Ȼ֪ɫ˵˵ҶӲò˫ȫû뵽ҲŮҵǽŮз
ȥʢݼʺ󡣡ЦΪ׺ͣðˣòʶص˳ײ˹ˡ
橷ݶ
ȥɡͷ
ûٳǰټҵĵ٩̧ٿһ۹ټңȴ⿴ټҵ߾ȻԼϣͻȻһ
԰͵ʢʺǼ̺һλʺڶǰκƳʱѳȫ棬ټΪйʮꡣ
ǰλʺʮ빬Ҳʮ壬Ƿĵͣ˵˹Ц۽ǴϸСüȴ˿û罿۵ĵӺݻ
־ʺ֣ϸϸţŮ治
橹ɬͷ˵
ʱ䲻ˣҲˡһյ󣬻ʺ֣ߵĹְͻعټҵĺ̵
ɱȸٺÿʺŶͷЦʵ
ˡūֱԣٹչ⣬˾չ⣬ͬԡ
ٹǻʺŮɻ˱ԼòԸݰκιټҺͻʺ磬˭Ҳǰ
֣λòȴٰԡֺ˵š
ǰʺͷͻȻ㿴𣿡
ʺٿۣſյضŵһ꺮÷ЦŻ˻֣˶Ƶģֻҡ
ǻʺӹĸѾߡ
橻ص̵ûãͳæ첽ǰǣ֣ı䣬̲סǵؿȴơ
̨ףСġ۽ǿŰЦеؿǣæ򶨵˵СĴ̨ס
ƵŹǽŹȥֻ֮ѹһԼϣһ˫Խ佩Ӳļ٣ֲұֳֻս֣ʱʱ
ʹҿúÿ·ڶ
̧ȴְ߲֪ΪЦеؿ
һͷ˳˵֪ˡ
ϣⲻǵº𣿡ƹһǽʱͻȻһϷʶ
ͣ½Ų
ֻһеΣȴ밲˻ӡ
˻УǼ̺ӣδڣĿǰ̺ΨһĶӡ
дҡӣλߵǰĿϣ񣺡ƣȢϱȶˡ
ϹȻǻ˹
ɭݶվϣǸֳЦǲ֪ʲôʱ۾ҲͻȻͺˡ
߸Ĵɫǽص
ŭмɿֻǳĬվţû¶Լеʹ຦֮ɫŻҲѹֲס
Ӻ㣬ʱ򣬻벻ǰһˣ˭˵ӺˣʬɽѪжܻŻȢôӡ
յչðͷֻϡ΢Ĺ⣬ԶԶܿſеȸԸٴ˾
һİʧѿӲУڹǽ䣬ź΢š
ɼĬ԰׵ڶյķнӲ䣬˫ϣȴֶĻš
ģϾǶ͹һˮ˲ըˡ
ͲûšڵǰһҪȥץ죬ȴָ˫뺮һ¡
һǰ棬æְƿϿ˽ֵĶ˻ԡ
еͷɺ۾һ
ǻ㡣Цţϱſʮÿպ˯һѵöĺ𣿡
ۿǰŭˣпһ£֪ΪĻǱŵֱֻ佩Ӳƻ
ХϵĶŻ֮ȥĳʪʹźص·վҲߺǡ
һղסıںڰУõĳĬ𽥴л䡣
ʮȫǴ֮䣬ϤΨһҴϣ̩ɽѹ̾ѹ˵ļ
´𣿡򴽣֣ۼֿסָ⣬߬Ըɿʵ
΢΢ףͫ׿橡
е𽵹ϣüټϢǰıٷս¡
ˣ˻ЦһΪǣԸʮж
һصûܳܡ
ϵЦ
ɰ˻ӿ֪߾һֱĦϣǰκǿ®ݣ򵽽¿ֱӲ¡º̬ͣȴַ档
ƽº紺ˮڴ˿ȴ绤Ǻ±ڵİ޷˺еĲΡ
вã˵ţҵʱԽݴѲӣԶǧ֮ǰĽ
ǵ֪𣿡ûбˣʼƣ¼ս𣿡
ѵЦһ֪棬ſڿӡ
أΪûкܶսʿǱӢۣǸսΪѪӦõõÿ˵ľء
˻¶мȴҲûз
Σһ䳰еӢ۱˺ǻɳ޷صĸС
ֻúһζɾǿվţ緢ʱеǸ׳/ǹҧվţΡȻ
ܵ£ҲԸ¡
ܿһΪصǸںڰͻȻһյ磬ڰߡ
ɽ֮սǴ䣬ʹϧԲض˵
ֱ˽סϸϸ͸ȵָָ¶ȡ
һսһܾģϽϽʮ˧ΪλСӵǲɽսܲһܾġ
һ˻ӰʮͷϣʵǨŭ
Ϊʲôһ˻ֳȴ˻ͻȻŭǰǿʶСӣһȭͷջǴڱĹǽϡ
ѪڱӲϣ·磬˫˵ʺѪ
Ļѳʱʮ壬ȴҲûٰ
ս׳ʿʮ顣橶ֱϻµѪսпᣬԳֻ϶ɣα˶ٻӹҳգ¡
Щǻˡ
İ̧橡
Ŀȴ˵侲Ļ
Ų̲ס˼
һ˼ҶʲôͺݵĺϿĴķʦڣ˲ƣ°ա˻ŭڲԵشǳţҪȥ
橴˺һϵǴδࡣ
ǷǣǷǡ̧ףڵͫ׶ؿŰ˻ӣԡ
ѵ˵𣿡ǰСӵģЦ
Ȼԡ橸˵ѹлδɢЦ⣬ǬԪ꺫˧ǧʿܴκʮμˮʮգԴ˱ʮ갲ȣ½վΪ˽˶ԹԣΪ࣬ΪЩʿ
ɿ֣ǰһƽУ˫Ŀᶨ
꣬κκʮһ·ˣֱٰټ뺣ܻƯ֮ãðǧΧκʮգƵκԶһۣûȱڲŵԳˣκ˧ʦ糷رʱ·쵴ʮʧŵѣڽݴ󽫾ԴκҶɽԴϢ
صĶ磬ЩĿڶȻ˵ĳȣĽš
ʱЩ飬Щ£ƺһ̾ǰĶȣŴϹۣǸֱ˿ڡ
ΪȨڿʷɽʿȴԡѪս
һλѪѪ벻
£еķǴӢۣÿӾ֮ĽٴνսʱǴ಻ܵġ
һһ֣ҽؿǰˣᶨ
̳ȵ־Ҫһͳϱָɹٹ⣬ʮͬƽ¼֪Ժ£սսŻѪǴĳ衣
˱ŵµڶαʧܡ
ǣ
橴Ļһһ˵Ƿǹ֪ȴҲιڦֶΡ
ķؿǰŮӣڵڶպХᶨɫǽ߶ûĹҫۡ
μˮ֮սܼʮ֮ãľǵذðȼá
ڶαʧܣȵȻʺ壬򱱵ڡ
ʩܶĪҪʲôԼ
գȻðһѪ
Ѫ
ǰϨһصӾ
ݣɹƣɽǣʬ
ݼҵ·ҵ·Ǻҵ·
橴˿Ťͷסյȭ˵Ҳ׼
ڶ߼ᶨ죬дԭأֻܴؿ
ͷһʹԼȻ
橴δһ˵ôĻֻñ̵ۣǴǰǧؽ
һʱ侹ȻҲЩ飬֪Ƿ᲻ˣС̧ȥȴͷԼ˫ûκβȴظоѹ
ӦǴνˮ״Ԫɣǹһȵ꽫Ǵ˿ű˵¶Ĳмӡ
橿˫۾ƲסĴʹ
߰ɡܵߣ侲ƿߣ˵
ͺ˯һ룬ֲʧڣǰӶ״µ˵ūŸȻλ캮ضôõľɣֻūŻҪعټź⡭
Ϊѵ˵ţ˻ӡ
˻һ飬ֻҪҧƿߡ
ߡǣת뿪˿˻ӡ
ŤͷУ󿴵İϣԼߣش˸
һ·Գ˹ţֱһ
ôҲûȾϵ¶ȣһ԰ů¯У𣿵Ȼͻؼˡ
ֱů¯ȴСֱлδɺԵˮա
Ѫ
΢ִζĪУ̷Ӧ
ˣĦţֱʵ
橸ղ̫ţȻûֻڴмѪҡҡͷûУӦǰ˻ǽʱСĵϵġ
˳óһ£ͻȻԭ
ĴָڴᶨزţֱѻڴѪȫɾ
ĴƤⶼʼˡ
̧ɺ޲ƸղŵһԲ޹ʹȴ͸˫ָܵʹ
Щ˵ˡ
ס֣ů¯ģղŵ£ҲΪʵҽǲǸ鷳ˡ
ҡͷĬţɽѹϣڲ
ղǲȺܣҸ㿴ʱʵΪʲôҪ·𣿡
ϥϣȴѹס
ãȥٿɡů¯˿ûã־©ɸӣڻÿ¡
û𣿡Щǣſϡ
ô֪ЩĬƬɳʵ
˺һ˵Ļ
ҵҵġ˵ֻ˵ЩŻˣö֮Ҿͻ˰
ů¯һ㶣֮ǰ˵ĹССڡ
ЩƢԽԽܿƣ¼֮⻺գȴûͼû˳̨£ֲԸͷЩơ
Ҳãͻأʵ
ͷ룺ͦõģҵͺܺãȻƢãҺϲ
ʲôᡣЦ˵ţָӾ˾Žߵüëͦıӣĵȴڰ˵ڲҪˡ
үͷ˶Ӻ𣿡գգۣеѹЦʵ
ԥƬ̣ͷܺá
á
紺ֻССȸļ⣬ĸëһأȻʧ


18 빬
ոݸϴͱų˻شãҩں棬㣬ҵ
༱ͷ󺹣ʵڶԲסֻ̫ãѾˣż
ҹˣʵ
ǣȥһ˹ϻúõģˡ༱״Σ첽ɣˣ̫á
죬ҹȥָϷԼ𡣡ҲˣŶֱۣʾ㡣
ȶ˱Ժʱ
ô£ǳˣټΪˣ
ڴϣ˫۽գɫҰף˫ɫ¶ϥǷ췢ͣס
ۣ嵵⣬ֻǽüüĴһ̵ۺۣܰʹ඼ѹһǱ
ǽʲô𣿡żŤͷȥ橡
ڸĺһ˿֪οڣڴ˿̼΢΢һųķ˶
۲΢ס˫֣˫Ѫɫָ⣬˵ûʲô飬ǳ·߳ģշ󣬴Ŵˡ
ҧҧȻ֪϶ô򵥣һ˵һԸ˵Ҫľǰĵˡ
ˡԶԶ౳ܹæƿ˽
̴˲ʰҵӷ٣嵽ǰһӵģɫһְסüëš
һʱź΢ţ˶ųֻѹ֡
롣˵ѹסӡ
С̴룬ǰѹסӣȴְ˱ڻУһܿջ֣ü˳۵վڳ
ϻ˵ֱӳź׵ϥ룬ָû롣
ͻȻһֻɵؼʩ룬һֱֻӰסȣͬʱǳˡ
橰˽ڻУƵĲ͸˹΢ѹֵ/֧飬Խڡ
úͰ˻Ӵ̵ġ
Ҫ뿪ͺˡ
ɳ˻ǵʹɽһӿͬùһ㣬ýһһʹĥţֱײ⴩
ڳʹѣڷʹʧ೤ϵʹһѵĥ񾭡
ǰھһνھĺڰУźŵŨɢѪζ
ΪԼҪ޳ȥʱȴָоиһֱԼ
ƽ̵ֹĺڶߡ
ּᶨ˫
÷ζ޿ײصǻѪζ
ˣˡ
ս˵ڶ紺棬ˮ궯ıѪͬʱϥϵ뱻Ϥߣ̵亹
˯ɡ
˵
ֻССȸůĸë׵ϸѹڳصƤϡ
⣬ͻ
˯ǰԺзҷɹˡ¡
ټҼɵֹ򶨵ѯʡ
˻ӷŭʵʡ
Ц
Ǹںּᶨ
橡
һŻںžоȼգ䲻ܴȴ㹻ҫۣҲһ̣һ뿴ģ
ӫӫ֮⣬Ѥǻ
ôû°ɣеӶһţ֣żʵ
ӽӹӣ˲亹̧ͷ橣ʵһ·߳ģ
ɫأϸ˵빬ʱӽȥģֵǣȴй˴߳ģߵһɫѾãǴ˽ʱ䡣
һͻȻЦһѵõӶԼˣ
㿴һطӦ˭۾
嵵ӣ΢ŵҡҡͷ
嵳Ūţ˵ʰأȴأ̽ɵȡ
ˣǲܶˡӴĻĨ˰Ѻӣ˵ͷ˿һǷա
⼸վţԭȵҩͣˡ±дҩֱӡ
˯°ɡ橱˲֣˵ţ
ְѱӳϣСķŵϡ
⼸鷳ˡ橸м˵
鷳ֻ⼸ղҪӶĶˡš
ţ塣
ҩ׼ȥʱ̧ɨڴ߻겻橣˵·ò㡣
橻ֻǶЦЦҲ֪ǲ㣬ֻһŹơ
ЦЦûж⣬ֻ·ʱĳ̣ҪҩҲһ
Ǻá۵ʹС˵ֻһģӡ󡣡
µġϳ̴ҩǰҲʱ䡣
ӵԭѾɫҲϸǿԼǰڵҲ޿κεѡ񡣡ҩݸ橣ϸ˵ҩģʱҪһηҩ
ӹҩϸŷӣһУдһֽǡ
𣿡ҧŴСʵ
Ҳøٿӵʵ濴ȥǱᣬָҲ졣Ӱ˰ƽȣˡ
ߣ׵գ̾ϾҪˣôͲýʡء
Ҫߣ橾̧ͷ
ŹЩҪ촦Ҳϲ̫ãʱͲˡδԻĶӣ˵
¶ؿһĶӣڵͫ΢΢βԵЩ
ɵϸ۵СȤţѸٺ
ȺúչɣҲҪ׼ؼҵĶˡջ֣һ۴֪޾ŵˣصҡҡͷ
񿴵ָһССӡǣĥһȦѪۡ
ӵָ
£Сıˡջ֣Ц˵
橴۾գգ̵ر졣
Ǹӡ
ݸ󣬷֮˵飬о˵и÷ȴķҴɾ塣
嵵˵ԴüɫŨۣٹҵ飬ҼҽҪúùܹء
Ħ䣬ŵһŨصҩζȴõҩ
ӣ£Ӧøӽ橵˵Ӻܵ㡣
ҰɡڴϣԸִ֣Ҫݣҵ£ʲô£һ£ȷʵûȥˣ˶ѡ
ֹ
δǰٽӴٰСӣĵҲС£ΨйС
ĻͻأϣЦһ
ֻܼſڣ˵š
ӣˣˡ


19 
ɫ, ֣ЦеؿŴйŵڴͼ
˵ǵϷ˴Ӧ͸ϺүȴϺүڵһαʱ, Ϊڻ󲿶ӳ, , ˺Ϸ˼ͼֻϺүͷƥϺүİ̤ѩ
Ǳ˾ȻͻݸϣûþʳԾ, ټΪж, Ժᡣ
йˡһŲ, һˬ޵
ת嵺
δͣ½ŲѸٲܿüһ, Цӯӯ˵ﵣй˵񡣡
ǳƷ󳤹, Ҵ, Ȼܵ, ݼҲѫΪ֮ˣݷ˽֮Ůﵣ𡣡ü˳ۣ˹˵š
վֻЦ, ССУס
嵸ӣȻһЦ, ๣Ŀת䣬ͻȻüһſڵѾǳйϲ͵ģû˹ء
Ѿͨһڵϣϻ̳Ͽ֡
ūŲϲˮģǨŭؽΧʼ̬ȶǫ
ȥʱǲҲάűĹ˿ûб΢֮⣬ڶȴһֺñá
գգۣһ֮⡣
й˲ǿ֮Ѿȴܲ¡ϳȥҹ洦á
嵻أڵѾҲҿޣŹܼҳȥ췣
һǹལ̾һѾߵܷĻ
ֻЦϲϸΧѾܷĻһţ˭ֲһô
֪йԶΪΣºʵ
һϲ֮£ټݼҴһѾߣ˽ٰݷѹסӣūһλЭݷϤ񡣡
һֱĬһ橾۾βԲ
Զò˵׼Ӧ츮֮ҲǽղŽӵŲžģټҾȻ¶ֵ֪˵˿ûһ˿˼ɳ֮ġ
մѾ˵Ķڴ˿ͻȻظԺС
лټеƣЦ˵ټ¶졣
Ų˿ڣЦԽͰУټݼңЩȻҲҪչ˵ףݼҲǹټҵֶȻҪտ
˹˵ţµƽƵһϵϣ⡣
λй˾ˮ֣λƺΪˮּɡ
˵䣬һֱվĸᲽǰ̬ȣŲȽ˹ؾ˴񣺡ݼˣݷˡ
ˮƸʽƷнԳ֣/һ֡⻰Ƕ˵š
۽ǼɫƽЦŵͷӦ£ֺ
ҵ
Ŀ޵شǰ֮ˣ˫Ķ۾һ񵶼⣬ֱ˹εƤⶼûʣ£ŵƿߣлټҶ͡
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Ҫһһ̷ˣһãҲóƤȻӼҵһĲ㡣Ťͷˮѵš
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橵˵ף֮ǰǶ˯ȥ𣿡
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20 ͬ
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ҹɫ޹˼ɵСԺһޱ޼ʵĻҹĺ磬ɢĺڰ

ָ֣΢΢ţǵ֡
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κѾˡ
Ҫ׼ͷڴ侲
橿һеĿӽ˽һʱ඼Ҫڡ
ݼҽ˵ĻĿ
ˮ־̽ݼԺ˽ģڹװ»ģҪǱǸ˯ġ
橱һ亹
ʾ֭һɰͰ͵ɣزţ⼸첻һϢġ
ҪȲ衣ˮɫ̺ôת磬ʵ
ˡˮ۾һĽʳش˵⡣
˿ҪԡϢʡ
̧ɳ©ȥʱˣôû
֮ǰڰǱ߿пҵѾ߷񡣡ʡ
ˮҡҡͷ
ͷ˰һ¡ʵ֮ˣû뿪ôõģɱǳˡ
ȻţżʵѾߵ˵Ż
ˡū졣ûãʱü۳һۣߵļѾ߲ر֣ΪѷһԺС
С˵ġ
ˮֲͬؿȴҲٶ˵
˿Ҫ黹ˮʰ꣬ϲˮʵ
ɡЩ˵ţ˸İˣֽŶ֪ڡ
ˮ֪Լէ÷Ϊѣʶعţſվš
һСţһͿ
ӡʱͻȻˮ־ȵ
һ⣬СҴҳţ϶ߡ
գգۣ𣬿ȥ˵
ӡվſڣ۽һͿˮվܺ¿ˣֻùؽӹΡ
ôˣҲ˺˵ˣӲװڱԹţ̬Ȼһ»Сޡ
һ
ôһˣһھͲ˲䣬ʵ
ŷַûżȥ˷ôû
Ѿأʵ
Сɨһſڣˮ˵С˵֪
䡣ܸоڿȻäĸо˫ּҲĲˡ
Ѿ߶ܲסЦһࡣ
һֱˮֲȥĶæһ
кηԸ
񲻼ˣȥҡ˵Ťͷ˵к˵ȥ𣿡
գգۣ죬˼˵ڡ
ôˣûüʵ
ԥܾãĥĥͷС˵ȥҰ״ȥˡ
˭״Զ
δ˵ʲô橵˸죬۾ˮ⣬ź˲١
δʼ¾ͱ˵ץסһӾˡ
еӡܵȵĺڶϣ೤һСëŶ䡣
ܿԴȴһŶ˵ȥңȰӣ޳˳ȥѾһ
థһ¼ˣʹҴ뿪ˡ
εվϣӶ֪ںδ
Է𣿡Ϥӣûеߣʵ
ˣˮֶġɨſڵˮ֣ϸ˵š
ڼʱˣ
̾͵ʱˡ
Ĭδع̯̾֡
һ΢˫ۣ˫ذ޳֣зĹԥƬŰԼַŽȥСʵôˣ
ס΢΢Ϊº͵ذοţݸϤ߶ˣżɫˣЩϢɡ
ֻĵһԲָ΢΢ָģġ
ſڻһˮֻضţٿػæ˵ҷӽȥϢ
վڽˮ̧˵ūȥ̴
橷ֻգգۣһɻβ
ˮֲ̾Ȼһָͷ
Ȼźһ£ֵܿͷ˵ͷˣڻľ֦С
ǣ֣ϸ۵ָӱǼⷢһߣ΢΢ѹʵʲô
橳ʹ֣ȴֱţɸ̾ԼջУɳԴֲУֻøߣѵһóš
̴ʱ˵岻һͷ̴ء
ֺŶ𣬹೤Ϣź𽥱ƽǹɽʵʵ÷ζֻСȸ֪˳Ŷ䵽ϡ
ÿһµëļĲ
ֻһͷеС֣ͻȻʡ

ص㡣Ӳǿš
Ҳ֪ΪͻȻˣһ
Сèءֻ÷ѾĻ⣬Ծա
è֪˵ʲô𣿡ֿʼʵ
橿ĲС˵һôˡ
ᣬδ˵תĽŲҧס
ӺͷϢɡˮִȥȴܿ
橼״ǰǣס֣Ц˵ɣֽˣء
ˮվڽü˳˵ֻ࣬ǽշ˵ļѾ߶ڣū

˵
ˮʶһ£һоɱ⣬Ĺ͢еܺԤм˲Ӧ
һ
Ҳһ
𱻴橺ںڰкţм˰ڿľ롣
ãշת࣬δ˯ȥ׼С̧ͷ⿴ţȴ˰˻ȥ
档ۣߡ
ˮֵĺ֮˺һǳƳ΢磬ϸԲ׽
׶ϣһ㡣
ܸеˮվſڡ
橻ӲСɻȥһ𣬾Ϳ˸
ڰֻϡǵ޵ҩζƱǼ⡣
ôˣ죬ʵ
˯˵ţȥü
橶ʱԶźˡ
ںڰع𴽽ǡ
ҡ˯š˵
ҲǷһ˯߶һǿҵĴڣҲ˯ȥ
ϲˡ
İǿֱӵسԼǰԼһʱһֵۣĸоԽ
һںУһڻУƫƫ滹һʱը/ֱм尾
ֻۣۡǺܿеͷϱһһ΢νſ
һӱͷ
λò֮Զ
ٿۣͦıԼУܿһŨܽë
򵥽ţЦһôĶΪгĶɵ𡣡
˵ĺƶյϸ꣬ͷ
ԭһܿƵغŲš
ôˣĺָ΢ǿţֻòϸš
ѻڽëƣĲСţҾǵķ񡣡
ǽĵڶԣܱŮ˼еҪÿڡ
ü
һδ뿪ôùϸϸ˵ţ鷢֣̫࣬ൽǷˣһʱԼΪŭ
ǲǲýȥҧʼ
һεƺǶע˴ĸ飬ֻһѾߡ
ĺܶԡ
֪ΪΣͻȻĦϣֱ֮˵գͻȻѣɫ򶨣ֱûԼеᣬΪȵջֻ֣µɴ۾橡
ûеĽ
Ѿ͸ôˣûΨһģ̫ˡ
ָڱĦŸղʶĴУָϸۣǸµ֬ûռһ
µġãѵóοţ˯ɣܿˡ
ͳɳƣһǳҩζ
췢̫飬ѳŲסůķΧ𽥱ۣûþʹһ೤ĺ
ںڰС橡
ߵľ룬ȴ˿ղģ
³һۡ
ʱɳ©ת˸ȦԺмžںڰͻȻۣոն˶֣;ԼνţǰſһССģŵˣ÷Ķ
橡
ƬʧȻ˯졣
ҵˡ⣬Ʈɭ


21 
һڿݾбֵ, Դϱһ󶴣ѪС̴˵һͲˡ
СԺӵƻͨ, ڷ, , ۾ˡ
Сһ𳤴󣬱꣬ʱ򣬵ȥѾ, Щ߰ͬ, ģһ۾нСˡ
СССһֻվں, ݵֻʣ¹ͷ۾ģڹԲ, ɵɵЦš
һҲ̲סЦ
굽ʮ, ҵݼ, Զ, ãѵеһ⡣
λߵ
ѾȥˣܿͻġǰĶֻһ೤, Ŵ޹Щ
üαϵʳָض˼, ּ˵š
Լš橻δɢȥڶ
ǰ֮ˣĬãţͱ
վſںС̴˵ŻӵŤͷֻӹһ˳˵˲Ϣ𣿡
˿Ѿ붬ڵʱµîʱѺڰһ̡
ϵĳڶպȼţݸ硣
˷ӿķ磬Ĭȴּ߹ǵĺ⡣
ݸѾ꣬ϰ䣬ɽȴĪòʡ
񡣡ü΢˵
ȴȻصͷСͺͷһ𳤴޵ֻзһˣϵ֪Է˾ǲͬһ㡣
˶ԷȷʵܺáС̴Ҳţ֮ǰϲԻشõһҩţ˶ҩ͸˰Ҳʱ߸òҩ
ǵĻڶ߻ָڷʶص˵㡣
ôҵģת棬ʵ
ɫ˵֮ǰһȥˣȴѰӰҳʹǱ߶ûټֱиС˵ͷе˼ȥ·ϡ
·֮ǰһķϵǣǷһŮӵķھз˵ġ
ѾߡС̴ʵ
ҡͷ˵Ҳ֣Ѿ߲ˣټ˽ʡ
ü
ѾΪص֣ƽҲִС̴˵ţͷ˿֮һ͡
Ѿƽﰮ͵ƣö֮ѾľҰˡ°ͣС˵
˵Ϊβ˵ǣ
ΪԽѵһοڡ˵䣬Ŵ면ҴҶɫ䣬üһ˿ɷ
Ǻ֮󣬲˵
˲ˣͷҲûˣȥ׸̤ҹĿתϣȥϢ
áܾš
Ҳǿֱһʯ£ҲУҲǹ¼ҹˣҲѧŵչ˵ֶΡ
ѾֱӱūʣҲ˵˸ɵģôҰѽ羭Ǳߵ˶ʱˣشҲԶЩСҩūҲҪѯʼΡ
ͷ˵з飬ȻҪϵ顣
һѾߣûչˣ֮ȥѾ
Ⱦլ񣬴ɣУƬ̼Ͱ鶼ŵ׵
Ҫһȥ⣬ҹüžɫɻǿ
˳ȥƣüʶ𣺡վߣѾ߽ѡɡ
۵һ˿Ц⣬ͷӦ£Ȼ£Ҫ׵֮²ص
Ȼ
ʲôʱѹŤͷʼʳ䡣
Ȼļʱ֮գҲˡ
Ѻɻ⡣
Ĭ
ָ΢ͻȻ̧ڡ
һ嵲ĶæŤͷȥֻ橲֪ʱվһ࣬˸
ɫ˵ţ
¶һ˫ڵ۾ˮҡҷʧɫѹ
ЩҪѺ֪״ҲǽţҷСӹҲã˲̫ǡ
ôȥ˯ǰǣ֣ϸοô࣬ϺúϢǣðԼۿˡ
ҲտġģҲ˵š
嵲ʲôӦǿӲ˵ȥϢôҿţµġ
橿βŲɢȥĺ⣬ʪģֻСè
ԺӣöһȥúϢҾҪˣԺҪԼ֧ˣֻԼվܱҪˡ
嵿˵ҵ޽ǣ𣬴󷽿֪ԣֻһʱûףȴȥϢһҲˮʯˡ
̧ˣ󻺻
ĸ׾һ˿ģοһƬ⡣
գգۣ۵׵ʪ󣬳Ľëһ⣬ѻŨأȶʪĻ꣬ӳ˵ݲк
ȥɡ嵶գգۣһҪŰϢ֪𡣡
⻰Ƕ˵ġ
лл㡣˵ͷ̯֣¶һССУӻȥϢ
ָ΢
ͻȻ°ָָ̧ݵķ򣬡¶ˡ
˵ǡǰԺ·ϣͻȻСţʱҲ̫ˣ׼
֪Ҫһʧô𣿡ʡ
ҡͷ˵֪
ʬҲҲ
ɭɭڶǽҡҷ橴˸
ȷܲܿˡüɰͰ͵ذοֵġ
¡
װⰲοš
˴ţԶԶͿſվŵˮ֡
ˮſڡСš
ˮԶԶӹŵӭȥ
Ӻͷ˿ҪϢһᡣ㡾ְأ˿顣
橿
ȥ鷿˾ȥϢһᣬûôأؾ˵š
Ҳ˯ˡ橿ۿʼɫ˵š
ȴü˵ţУȥϢ
ҡ
ҽȥҿ˯ȥڼ縺ŰĻ˽˵š
Ҫˡ
ȥϢ
һһҽû
ȥϢ
ͬѼ˰죬ˮֻţ㿴ˣҵȻȥ˯
С
µʱڴǰ
ѱ۾£գգ۾Ϊ˼ˣȥԼɡ
üۡ
橱ۡ
֮ͷţô˯
㶢ң˯ţ߰ɣһ˯橱ۣ˵ţůѬȵŴŴ÷ζ
üԽ˵鷳
橿Լ뿪һϯûþ˯ȥ
һʱѾ쵽ʱˣһſھһİ
˿Ҫ
ţǣŶѾߣһ˫̥
ūѡԺź˵ˡұ΢ݳѾ˵ū澽
ū澽ơߵѾ߰СһЩ
գգۿǰˣк棺ģôûǣ
ԭϷԺеģϷ˹ȥһֱΪϷ飬Դǵġɫƽȴɵסеĸм֮ɫ
橵ͷ
ѡԼĸԺеѾߣһΪΣΪ֮ǰԶݼ飬ҲῴΪǳãмԼ档
𣿡ɳ©ʱչɳ©ʼתȦ
ոˡź˴£˵Ӳū澳
۾һæ˵ˣҪȥ
·ȥ˵ŷַѾвˡ
ûһӡҲûˡڣ嵲ü
Դϲźİײ԰ǵˣұƽ·ȥ˷ģ˭֪˼Ǻ롭ں˵һɢˣȻǳ˼䣬Ǿˡ
ԲǴģ
üԴʹ˵֪ˣеҡ
һֱ̧ſڡ
ӡ
ȻƲߵԼߡ
˰Դվŷ˵ǵþˣϢҲǸˣѾȥѯˡ
̧ȥſڵ橡
橵ĽŲһ٣̳ŷȥ
ջߣü
˵öԣúϢǡ۵ؿٹҪˣҴȥ档
һЦ۾䣬һοһ۾䡣
橿ģ۵һ˿ʪβ죬֣˵һҪúõġ
õúܡЦ˵ţҡҡԴֳ˿ڣ۵졣
˺ˣҲҪúϢһ£ҲõˡЦ˵ţһ÷
˾û𣿡Ťͷʳ䡣
üͷԤ⣬Ҫ֮С
˵㿴˼ں˵һֱĬ˵㿴˭𣿡
ҡͷû壬Ǳ߶ľͷһȥǾɢˣֻԼһҿһ˵ѥӳǷˡ
ǻɣŤͷ
˼ԺѾߣйز׺Ժ˵
Ǳˣ˫Ҫϳġ
˺£ʹɱҲǲܽ͡
ȥŲǺ;ǵˡ嵵ͷ㻹ʲôӡ𣿡
ҡͷǵˣҸоеҡ
橵ǵؿͷ۲ۣ
ءЦ˵ţùﵣˡ
úúϢҲЦˣóϲԵյҩš
뿪ʱͣм˵ллѡѾߡ
ѡˣ磬Ц˵ͦ졣
ֿʼ˵
һʯͷ£ɲ٣ֻǺ嵶ţһЦ
Щ˰嵼ɤӣģ˵ã䲻ã֣˵ǰɣ橡
һЦ
վҪˣʰ𣿡š
ʰˣˮ磬ҳһ٣֮оҪˣҲ£н˵飬ȥҽҪǶ㲻ãдŸңд
֣бһĬˣ˵
֪𣿡û˽ӻ橵֣գգۣʵ
ΣֻСӦ£֪ˡ
ߡ
һߣԼˡ
ġ֣ҿչле㲻һˡ
գգۣû˵
ð쵹ϡ嵵˵ĶͷˣǲԸ˵Ҳǿ󡣡
橶мһЦ
ߵ԰СУԺϡû䣬ݸһįû
Ǭ꣬Ϊڻ󲿶ӶϺսɳʱճڵʱ²ϢһԴӲಡ齣Ұꡣ嵿ʱҲʵɫͻȻЦЦ
һס֡
ΪѹϾΪռݵߵ㣬ҪϺÿضݼ֡һЦ޴üĶѾҫۡ
ټҲоΣʣ˿˼̸۵Ǵһˡ
ҡҡͷҲֻ֪Ҳ̫ϲ
ҲϲЦһˡ
ͣ͵ܱƵúȫ帲Աȫһʱȣ˾ٰսһƷ󽫾ʮˣټұƳѳڵĴ󳼲
ڵ鿴ǰɫˣһѵü۳ᷳ
ɼʹൽˣǵĹټһˣ¼˴κµ޲Զ˫Թ͵
ЦЦ֦Ц޽ǣЦ˵ţʮ꣬ȰɲҪͷЩ״Ԫֻѡ
˵Ӷùˡ
ʧؿ
ǲ֪ݼӵͷڵҪģǵ꺫һ£ɲʱ˳λ
ݺ࣬ݴ໹ȫɢȥϱͳһ֮ģ޲ԼɺԸһβҵĻһ״Ԫ꺫һһʱޡ
һλԻ͵ӣԺҲ˵ۼĽ
ŭ緢
֪־˼һ
ĴαڷԽԽңһֹԡЦЦҲǲֹ
ǸԸһĹ佫Σʦһı
Ůӣֻ³ñ졣ЦЦѪݼ䶼һЦ֮
ɽҲˡЦҲûܴǳѪսг
һ⣬һ˿˫
һֱϣиһѣǰΪҿԣҷ˼
һƺһˣãֱǸӰ΢΢һֵջߣǰ֮ϡ
橸ܵߣ˰죬ָָԼң
Цü𣬲÷
ӲϲңҵҲֻάһòӣɥ˵
ȷʵǸƢ嵽˦ˣȴҪʱ뿪Ѿ͸Ҳٻˡ
һݼܡ
ûʲô˵ģѾ߲𡣡
޽ٵشȤţһ죬˼صͷ
ϲɳϣʱݼҸܵУ˶õĴαԳɹҼҶ˵ϵӵܽȥɽһЦ˵ݼҸܵУòҸпȻõѡ񡣡
橵һɴ۾
̼ҹŵմ󳤹˫ּУűһѪټҶҲҪ֡
ˣЩȥˡ嵰ָأΪ歼޽
Ȼҳã˵ʹǱƽƽǲԸޣҿǱҲǿȲ㡣
嵶ԺԺֶ˽һҵʵռݸߴΪһĳܵ
˵Ҫһ룬ƫġ
һƫģ˼ɣ޹˼ɵķ
Ŵû˵
㲻Ը˵ˡҲķҽ˵ôֻ࣬ϣܶ࿴ܰͰһ㡣
ϣص;
֪㲻ƽҲΪһ˽ġͷЦţʵܺãŲ֪ʮ֮ǰģôôᣬĿʼնǺ࣬Ϊǰϣֻںڰ̫ˣѾˡ
̫ټһˡ
ĵĻĪñᡣ
֪˵š
嵾ȵؿ
̧¶һ˫ᣬʪ۾峺վʯͷϣ緢˵ǰߣҪͷ

ȹһΡ橲˼ЦЦˡ
㲻˵һΡͷʵ
ˣ֪𡣡ЦЦѵôһƤģ޸ҵһѡҴδй˴󵨣Υĸ׵Ը
ֵ̫ˡʵǵ˵š
Űɡʧ񣬵ţ̫߳ǸԺˡ
ʲô
ûʲôЦЦ˳˵֣Ҳ֪ѡԲԣҲܴӦһ
񰢽ѡ޽ң֪һԵѡ𣿡
ԭ
֪
ݼǰ£ǻǣ񻹿壬Ӧһԣ
ңһᾡܡ
ּᶨ޼ĺɫС΢չ⡣


22 ȡ
, ȥ֮ٸдšվſڶЦ˵ţúչԼԼվ, ˭㡣
ͷ֪ˡ
ôôû뵽Լ, ЦôȤš
ֱŤͷȥ
Ժ¾дϵ, ҪҰ㿪ڣ㾡ֱ˵Ƥգգۣζ˵š
橵ͷһš
, ˡ
ת˻, ʱһ, Һ÷סʲôסΡ
һæ˵Сġ
¡嵵ųͽ
橾Щ֣Ѿյسųȥ
վſ, Ŀ뿪ͻȻ۾
ֻƿ, ¶һֻϸѩ׵, һſֵ˵
ɫ԰ײ, һ˫һȴԣۣܿע⵽橵ߣ΢΢һЦüĮ, ߸ϡ
ʳָڴС
ꡣ
ʶѡ˱졣
壿
Ȼûλɾʶþ
ЩƺͲܱ˺ӣ²ǾһƳ
ôˡͻȻ, սз֣ʵ
橻
ûûʲôĲɵ˵·϶˺öѲߵʿ
üûɿղһȷʵоһ˿ɱˣûˡ
дκϸǱٰ⼸ղҪšüģ޵ߣⲻڡ
κϸ橾˵ţ߾̸
ֹʰˡ˵š
ݸһαϣԶ¥һֱյĴ΢΢ƿһ㣬¶һ˫쳣üۣһ˫īڽüֻǴɫ԰ס
Ǿ
ǣɥ֮Ȯ
ǿδأһֻûʵġϴʱֻһૣٰ

ݸڣ橰Ƶ鷿ԥƬ̺С˵֪ҵʲôʱؽ𣿡
֪Ҳ⼸ˣֱ֪ȥһ¼ɡ
Ŵ˵
Ƥһ֪쾡ỵ£æ˵Ұһ°ɣȻỹҪš
𣿻᲻̫鷳ˡ۾һм˵
֮ǰ÷ȥʣȴŶȥ˵ˡ
ݸˣһҶ
ȻҪȥӳŰ¡Ц˵ţҪ˴𣿡
ܰȥһЩС˼С֣ǣ˼˵һгϦСܰҿе𣿡
ʲô౻ԼĿˮǺһ£۽ǼӶ̲סȥԭ
е飬ԭΪݸͷһ㣬ڼģŹ֣ԽԼˣֹ򶨳š
򲻵ˣҾ˵С濯ǵĶϡ棬źģҲǺ뿴ġ
̲סǣǺܿѹȥƽ˵ûʲôģС֡
ǣǸղŷһˮǺˣСС¡ѹ۵Լϣ˵ֻҪһ֮ǰҪҪ
ҿˡС˵ɫһ
˰༤ֱ֣ͺãϲ
ϲ
ĸСȸһĪá
~Сè֪֣Ӵ̨ӸѲˣŶǽһ
ִﰡ橱СèЦ˵ţӲݣȥˡ
СèУë׵Ĵβͽǵ˸ȦԼצӡ
Է𣿡ʶࡣ
һӣȻˡ
һʵèΪʲôֻҪ㱧һˡ
èζǻϤɡСèĶӣȥҪ
Ȼᣬˣһȥõġæסůж˳ẉ̂Сĵݵֱߣʾ֭ش⣬ʵҪ뱧ֲϣ˾ô죿
è󲱾ϸëЦ˵ÿóԵĶͻϤζˡ
һҾ˰һ࿴Сẹ̀װģ˵š
䣬ԱӵСèžһҡҡλΣһͷײģĹ˹̬Ϊǡ
ó䲻⡣
㿴ⲻǻ橾ϲ˵š
һŵСèš
ɫΪĮһ鲻á
˵Ǳ磿ɰͰ͵ظš
ʲô橲š
èһëը ﷢࣬ʵʾ˿һ¡
գգۣԡ
èһ̣൱ǾԼа˰ٸèķȥ
ԭСè˯ͻȻһۣÿһţŴӶѿ
橻δ񣬾ͱȽ˸
һʱҼž
ɫüĿɭɭࡣ
һ˵ţèʵЩʶôҿСܽȥѵ
һڵüֱܵγī
͸Ҹӡ
ϣŭǰ˵
ϴη˲СߣҿСèһҲų⡣գ۾˳Լ˸Ĩӵƣغưš
橿ȫֿధʲôף̲ס¶ЦֻժңСèǰ˻ΣСèצӹ˹
ԡ
ûһ˫Ŵȵֱһġ
һҡ
ӻһ¶һָš
սңֲ
ԥһᣬֱָ
ͷսң˳Ųֻ֣һš
Сèԥһᣬ˳ն˶ԼԾУצ죬һҧȥ
ϸֱϡ
Сèͷ˵ȥ橡
橶Դֱȥ
ɡ
ְַСèϡ
ָӲֻܸܵСèϸëԼġ
СѵܺһֻСèƽϡЦ˵ţϰζö֮СèҲˡ
Сèض˶ӣԴֱģ˵ĺСβͲͷشϥǡ
֣˳èСߣȥ
ƴ̯־ȫСèָһ㻹ȫȥӲڣͷβСèʼ˵ֱࡣ
㿴ܿĵ˼ءЦ˵

Цš
ǰ潿ЦۣĿϣָ
ߣèһ١
ףСèû֣ҪҪȡְɡתƻ⡣
оֹ̣̫ӣҿ橻ࡣ
һرţرӵǵҲס
橲Цˣ룬˵۵ֻ֥ô
Ӳ˵ҿнҲѯ̬ŤͷŶ࣬԰ɣء
ͷĶథһɵɵЦţƨҲҶི
ɫӲ
Ӳϲ𣿽һͺܽСèβͣЦеطţᣬ޺
һ࿴ĿתЦ̵öӶˡ
ˣԺֻűӽˣϣܲ˵ԼСͽнɡ
һʱάȣһɻԴϣƫƫֻһ˻Ͻ͡
ӲǲҲò˾֪޾ŻԾ
ҲûءЦСèԴһ
Сèһָһǣɿɰ
ţ԰̲סЦֵᶼð˳
ɡ橣ҧгݺꡢ橡
橺֪˫ۣ޹ʵӲϲӲϲ㰡˵ô졣
~Сèһ
ĶɢȥЦ⡣
ͻȻ֪ۣס֣΢΢㡭
˿ȴͻȻ֪˵ȥ
ֱܲӿǲ֪֪֪ԼСˡ
ôˣ橼˵ͷš
ûʲô߷ߵƿ֣Ťͷ˵
ȳˣɫҲˡվڽڡ

Ǩŭš
ˣҹˡͷҲصعˡ
ȥӶҩһڿ𣿡Ц⣬š
ţԣѵȥ
ҲǲаҲö߶߶ҷȥֱڻشҩ۾һˣϿ˵ţҲԸ̴򿴿
һߣ԰÷ˣҿһ÷ãȻժ֧տܾҪѩˣڴҲÿ
²ؽţ¿ҲܸܵңһҡҷĻ硣
ʱѾߵ԰С
÷ͥ㣬ԶԶŵһǳζ
õѬ÷㣿վµĵʵ
ңżȥ÷ֻС˵ûѬ㰡ֻ÷䣬ζġ
˵ֻǲǰĶ
ÿ𡣡
ǲ̫ˡ
ԺкȻǰȥ֦
ǰǸѾߣ˵ᣬһˮžƽ̬
һﲨǧδࡣ
ԺȻֳʫ䡣
˵ȸٹҪһ˫ҲǸڡ
ˣ߰ɡ
ǹ÷ζ𽥿Լ˫ССֱַۣẬЦڶ
һشʱֻҩūС߶
С̴أ橺ʵ
С̴³ˣҩѾˡ˵ҲǻشõһС£ذҩ˳
ü˵˵⼸ղҪ𣿡
Сŵͨһڵϣɫɷס
Ӳ˵㣬ȥɡ橳գС̴£⣬ʡ
Ⱥҩɣ˾ͲˡЦеתƻ⣬ҩǽ˿棬Լģء
ַҩ룬ԭ䲻õ龹Ȼ
˵ٰ˸һصĺҽųȥġϳ̴ҴҶæš
ҽ橺ţʲôǺҽ
ҽͷ֣ǲɸӺ˵ҽγɵһҽóˣЩ߾սҲϣŸûŹȥЦ˵š
˵ҸоС̴ƲϷ˵ģЦ˵ţ˵ĸоֽų
źӣЦ˵ţϷڱ߾ģҲ֪ĸˣҼҲǡ
橼ƺˣæţ̴˵ǣȻų̴ġ
Цһε㻰ࡣ
橲˼ͷ
ʧˣ̴ҪǸš
£ֻҲϲἰѣղϷʧ̬ˣ˲Ҫ⡣ӽš
ȣ橷˳شʱúͻظС̴һ
ӣˡ˵š
ǰдκϸǣڽϣҪ˵š
ϸץסˣ侪š
ˣѲ
ֲýճжʿϣЩҵϸɡ̾º˵ӵȿǴá
˳̴ҽ橸˵š
С̴Ϻصҩζ˶ӡ
ղںͺҽҩСȾϵİɡţ˵ţͲϢˣ˫Ȼϸ˾վ
һϸš
橰ͻ鷿һСǰʼ廨
ᣬȥ𣿡æ͵ʱСš
ȥ
Ŷ
Щʧ䡣
Ĭţһ¶֦Ҷ˵
ڰ
ߣèһ٣üĲ
ϸδҵòҪš
С˵ţҴӦˡ
ͷҲ̧˵㡣
⼸յƢͻȻãҲԣԼԸᱻĴ
ȻԼĴ
ףҲڣáڳĬ䣬ֻһ󼱴ٵĽŲɫ΢죬ͷðȺż˵îʱ̾Ҫߡ
ô죿һվ˵
ͦͻȻģʥּʱµģҪֱȥӦǴӵų
ǴÿκƷĵط
꾹Ȼźȥ
ɫһ
ÿ꽻ǹټĸҲǲҵˡ
нǸͻȻݺݳ鶯һ¡
ǱˣڽĨ
ôôҡ
ѵҲ
ݺüѹĵͻȻӿֳıŰѪ֮
ҲͶ˲ңء
ǲһֱƭ
ֲɵͷһӿѹסƽ
ൣǵؿӣΪ˵ȴڳ֪οڡ
Ҫȥҵ橷еĶ˵š
ÿ꽻£ڶᷢѪ¼ΪԼ˳ͷǴκҫ
ȸǿ̵ˡ
׼ȥ
֮ʣڶ
һ㶣Ťͷؿţȥҵ
ֻɫ纮˪Ǹܵߣظ׼ȥ
Ϊʲôʵ
ÿѺ͹ˣ˭ȥͣЦš
ҵǲҵˡ˲Ǳ̨ʣѪɫʧš
ΪʲôҪȥ
ʥּͷϣѵҪּ𡣡򴽣濴ҵһ佫ֻҪ°ա
ݹҪ͹ȥ˭ͷϣ˭ܾˡ
֪Ľѽ⣬Ӳˡ
ʧؿһͷҲصŤͷ뿪
ˣˡӲ˵ּѵ¶ƢֱţһҧֱӳŷȥӲ˼ǡƲ
ҵȷʵЩֲҲǹټҹģҲɣһʱûƹ
ĶһˣԲģǲ˵˵ʲôӲģ
òá
С۰Ͱ͵š
վԺŴŤͷȥֻϵɫѩףüĿһƬǸ˵ı顣
ûչλãԼԸ̤һҲԸ̫ս
ʱ䣬еҲ¡
Ӳô²Ҹ׵ġ
ǵӲӰ˵ţɿСģǿԭ᲻ɢ˳
ջܳ𣿡
ɲΣҶҪŵġ
࣬ԸãΪȹңΪϲЩܼ̤Ҹ׵ļϣ𡣡


23 ͱ
ٰĴ֮һ, Ҫϵ˾Ҫȥ
ϱСսϣ߾óȴһֱݱ˽м̵ı, ׬˹
ſŶվ˳ŵ, ȴϢضһ
ԭ컹ʱ, ſھͳһ׵ʿͷ֮ף䳤, ȴ˿ûнʿĴ³֮, ͡
ȥɲٳ嶯ˡ歵˵, һЩƽ񣬵ؽ档
źü˵ţ˵
歵, ҧҧͷ˵ţ, ֻǵĵİΣ, ˵κ׺, µ¡
Сţ̬
źɫÿ٣ļ򣬰οţµģسǽ, ɴκŰ裬̽׵ġ
歲Ķһ٣һƲ, ܿϲм飬ͷһԵȫΪء
źЦŵͷ歶ˡ
ҪߵϢ֪ͨ橶һķˡ
Ȼ˺Ƶصͷ״Ʋ˵ţǲԸˡ
ź࿴
˱Цݶ˲ס̲ס˦˦ӣ޺˵ĺŮѵһҪȥݸǹط˰
ס졣źǳ
æڸĸǰţĸӼδв˼ѵĸ׼ͻȻʥּæýŲմأųùټȥ֪ͨ˵ģҲȷʵȥݸ
ֹ˵ݸĴôýֱܼ˵˲ͣͰ˸ϳˡ
źһ⡣
ݼҶԴµų⣬Ԥϣ鼱ûʱȥ£ȻضҪŽ͵ġ
֪橶᲻ǣ˵ţ̲ס濴ȥ
ջŶĵǣ̽ȴûκϢݼҾһͰûһ¶
ֻ˲ٹ顣
λ׹ӽӱñУݸһʱˣ̧ʬ塣
غܲദ
̲ס̾һ
ЦݽӲûеıŭǿǣ⣬˵ʱҲ쵽ˣǳˣҪг̲źá
ĸҲ˵Ѿîʱˡ
ٵһӰɡźֿ̧۽ͷ˵
캮ضģҲȥϢɡŤͷ˵š
Ѷܲˣȴ˼ڣֻǿĸס
˿ɫͷ˵˵öԣ߰ɡ
аһŶŸ׼ȥ
׼ʱͻȻһ󼱴ٵţֽֿһžǰ
歾ȵصɴ۾Ťͷȥĸס
ҲһԾ
Ҫ֪ǸûȥݼңղеһвǺ˵ġ
δͦȣ橾ͼҪ
СģҪżôôëëġǰæ˵ŻɫȴǸϲ
ɫãֻЦţӻͳһ󣺡û뵽ôҪˣҹҹ⸱ˡ
޻⾫£ÿˡ
ԺҪҹ廨ˣ۾ϧﲻͬ˵ţЩȥһˡ
ģúáӣ˵š
ǣ橶ˡЦβ¶һϸƣһͺů͡
ȥŷλ֮Ľ죬ҲѾʮˡ
橿۽ǵ·ͻȻ۾ȥһҪעⰲȫ
֪ͻġ
ȴһЦüһɢȥᣬԽĵü˫Ŀĺ÷ͻͻֲ֮ǰЩųݲؽҰ
ԣԣ˵öԣȻԭᷳͻȻһɢļЦš
վϣǰһĻֻôۡ
ĵ¶Ц⣬˼ɵЦ
Ŀ⣬ʼֻһˡ
ӣȴ߷ˤһ£ǿվԶҪһĻꡣ
Ϊʲôƫƫ
ĵǵ˶ƫִһðͷ
ʱ쵽ˣ߰ɡС˵š
Ҳ֪ʲôʱٻϾҪˣ֪Сʲôȱȱֻý軨׷һˡ
˭֪ȴǲ˰֣ӻͳһģΪҫš
ʲôҲһȤȥ֣Цۡ
Զ歵Ŀǽǽյ֣еӲ
պˣԺҪˡ
̯֣¶Ķ
һö塣
öĸջȥ塣
пһʶһ£ͻȻһջߡ
Цʧ㶵ضö塣

ֵģҲǵģ˵ĶôҪҲǣҪҪĶѵԼ𡣡͵ģĳ˵橶ѾСʱڳСѾͷˣϣҲ߳
Сʱߣ㳤ڵԸ񣬶Լ̫νȴץһš
㶵ؿ
ǰȰһᣬɺŷӲãǽΪѱҲ̫ˣҲ
е÷ˣֵ÷ǵûȥ
橶һҪǰ֪𡣡
橶ö壬ǿ۵׵ᣬһ
ȥɣСıԼ橵磬Ц˵ţ㲻ϲƷ˵ио˫壬ҵʱ͹
á
Ҹһ÷ӣпһ𡣡
š
𣿡
ֻǿû˵
³һϵˮǵȵ´λҪǻǶ㲻ãǾͲҪˡ
Ժӣ߰ɣȾˡ
Ц˵ţĿڽڣϼݳĶһ㶣æͷ
Ҫ뿪սе壬С˵
ãǵˣ¸дţûйĿҪС֪
˵ţӹǰСлܱڻеСôһӾͳɸ˷ٵСء
ôСһ
Ƕ仨
֪ţص
ڱĿһ
橿ˣ
ü
Զһαƿһ㶬յĺܿ˽
һλãٸǰһڵһʱ俪˵ա
Խһֱû˵
Ķ֪ڵգɵ˵ӣ˻δ緹Ȼȥ¥ǵҲٰһء
ɣҲҪȥ¥𣿡̬˹˵
˦޵һ٣¶һ֮ɫ
歺Լӵ飬˵Ĺϵ˴еĹϵһʱ˵壬ڻ˸֮
ҲһҪȥҾʡĿİСطš
ǲȥ¥һ㣬δЦӯӯؽš
ãҲϣܺúѵǲԸ𣿡˵ţΪݡ
˿̣Ѿ࣬˶ϳͣ¶֮ɫ
˿ĻҲԼͬؿ
üŤͷȥ
Ҳȥ˵
üһ壬лδɢȥʣü۵ʹ
ղ㣬ˡĬ죬ųؾ
۾һͷ㣬Ҽҷҹ˯ȥ˯ˡ
歾еӣĿⶢŴǽ򣬿ЦЦǾͶպɣ
಻ü
Ѿ겻ˡ
պ󣿡ڵظһ顣
ǰպˮϵ÷Ҳÿˡ歴󷽷˵ţҲϲ÷Ժ÷һȥ÷
ͻȻһ飬ܾȴ洫һ
š
ߵĻٿȥзš
лӡ۾һһ񣬶ŶǳǳһЦЦ뿪ˡ
಻֪Щʲôʧֱ洫ͷôžѣæظˡ
ֱݸһ仰˵
Ŵ߷ߵ˦뿪ˡ
థһ׷ߣʵվǰ
ӣӡﷴ˰죬Ҳû˵ȻץģΪǸ«֪ɡ
תƻ⣺ȥᣬҪҸ𣿡
డһ͵͵̧ۿֻβŻδɢȥĺ⣬ȴЦ⡣
һĻչ¶ǰֻҪһ۾ݽȥ
ãðҪơҲЦ
ţϲĻ̵ġ
̵ġ
Ҹһ뻤µԲɡ
ðԲóˣֻҪźܾõĶӡ
µġ
վ·ڵĽƮͶƽĻ
Ƕ˭
ɫĵ׵ǵеԥ˲ʧҲˣ˦ˡ
գٰѵõĶ죬ˣһ³СԺߴߴ˵ŻŸԺӵҲĶ
ջٽǰһεᣬҲٰᣬ̻δ͸ٰμʢᣬ˵꾩׸Ǯٰ̻ᡣʱԽԽӿϣϢ
·𴲺͸ֹ߶š
˵ջһϷٰһֻ˵Ĵģһֻ󣬻ء
·ϺöԵģҰˣҿԶ𣿡
ˣ˵˺ܶƵˣг֣ʮ׳ءŵرȻţ޲档
û˵Ĭضǰҩ
Ҫȵҩ
Ͻ죬Ѿû˵ˡ
˶࣬˭Ҳû
һòദ˻Цеģ˭˵ϸˮӦϿҲܹȥ
һ˴ˣˮ˼Ҳûѹ궯԰˶˳ȥ
ȥҩȴûҵʵˡ
ⲻӵҩ𣬹ôȥͣǺóȥЪЪƤӣš
Ӻ͹ﳳˣӳĬеظоһ㲻Ծѹʵ
Դ룬ӣᳳܵˣ
һҡҡͷҼҹȻ󷽵ˡ
ȴȡֵˣ
죬Сֵ˱˵Ż
һЦ
˵ԡ̴ǣǲһʶҪǾͳȥ
԰һ֣˵ţαΪӻ顣
橵ͷ˵öԣŲĪ
ǵİҩ룬üզǿȥͣʱ䡣
橴ŷƹŵʱһ̧ͷͺܶཹתһ
һֱһ˹ڵض˹еҩ룬˵˸ҩãӸպõÿء
ֻŴɨһۣüһֻѵСбۿˣܿȥ
˴ŹȹÿţֺõЦš
ʱҩУۼֿѷ£˳ס죬һǳɣһ㶯Ҳû
ü
ʳָָ¹ƣֱͷ
ֻöһŶ룬һھͱеľ޴ͼԭء
һͼɽƣŸصǵһ
Ϊ۵Ļɺ˳ŻɢػµĺۼµĶǵϱȻúɽκ˳ƶͻ̾ᱱأϷ౻ǨһǸ練
ʱǰĵͼ
һ۾Ϳͼݡ
Ϊ˷ͼһСǮо֮ͨ˱֣ᷢǸطڽŲȵĵطٰ
ǰ꣬ܣ뻴ϣ·һڻݣڶǮֻٰʼλǬ
ǵͼҲøǡ
յĿǰǽҴͼ
ĿȴѾ˾͸ʶ⣬һͼꡣ
Ҳ֪վ˶ã˫ߵķ紵÷⣬ɫҰѩ
㶵ؿŷֽһ˱ǹ
ǹ
Ŵǹ£һߴ磬ؾžŰʮһ߲ʤΡ
ǹ㵽ǹأɨ
ǹҲ˳һսʤ£ȴֻܹĽУ޳ͷ֮ա
ǰĬֱͦļеɲۣеǵŭǱһƣһʼɢȥ
ҩɡ̷ϣһϸĶ˵ҽҪȥᣬҪʲô𣬻µԲܲҪ𣿡
˫վýֱԳĬƬ֮˵á
ǸӴѣŲҪƤһ£ü۵ʹ
ҲգƢô죬ֻǼ˵ţȳҩɡ
ҩֱߣ¶ˣ׼üΪ׵
һںꡣ
˵һž
Ҹģ
á
橿Įüۣ̾һʰ꣬ǰ˵ǾͲϢˡ
ڷϵֻȭſڴüһ͡
˰
ûʲôҪ𣿡
˵̻һ˿
кþûҵˣ㻨ƻ
ֱڶʧҧŷԴʹϥҲ۵
ʲôÿġ
Цһ׼شϢͻȻһǵУȱë׵צӹԼСȡ
~
Сè˳Ŀ䣬צӲŪţδ񣬾ͼҧǸһԾ¡
ҡ
̽ȡȻտҲ
ҡСèĶȴֱַ治ĵһ˿ŭ
ųλ̤һ
Сèܾһڽǰɴֻܶһ磬֮һ㶯Ҳûˡ
ֱվԭأһʱ޴֡
Ҳ۸ǸϹӡ޺˫ҧһѪ˿ȧǷϺ⡣
ĽŲҴҶ
ȶ˵ŭյǨŭš
ŵһ٣ڨڨջ֣һתͻȻͶڴ̨ϵСè۶ӡ
ôҧˡྪ˵ţȥ׽èСèңɱͲӰˡ
˾ͻˣʲôôСֵġ
վУͷòʹһμӱɳ
Ϥӣһ̣ȴͻȻû˷ֱ淽ֻãȻվţ޾ĺڰֹǰ
ӡСԴ̨𣬡˵һˣȥһ
ôŪ˼ҵĶء
صڴϣźüСˣ߸˵˵ţǽǷˣǹҡ
𣿡Ź˷ǰ˵
橻񣬶˵ҰԼҲ̫˰ɡ
һ㶣˵ţŶǲԣ
ͻ˰˵ţҪҶ𣿡
˳ҲǣҲǣΪѵü
һЦ
Ż񣬴ָѧˣ̫ˡ
߷һҪԼ˵СԴĿؽš
ȺͻȻһ֪˭һ䣺ˣˡ
ԭɢ˶ʱĳӿȥ橱˼Σܿͱӵһ࣬ȴֱȺЮţŻȥ
ȺмֱţȴֻּϵС㣬ǰ
ԶԶѼģԭͻȻʧһɶֱֵЦ
̫ˣôЦǧ༷˳ȴԼҹЦỨˣֱš
˺ˣЦˣҶȥˣڳԲոպãߡСӣ˵ţˣȻ롣
ûֻǸղŹһ˶Σհе˶ӣµ˵ţɼﻹ£Խơ
ΣգѲӪʿȫӪأʵڲУͻظҡ
ӡ˵š
Ųһ㶣ԳһЦǳ֪֮˵š
ɴ۾ӣֱҡͷ
ˣˡ
ǣǡμᶼҪˡ
㵹㡣һЦż˿ɭ


24 
ОױŴ, ֵƻֶͯ
վڻǺӵ֦ɵ£ƻɺ˶˳ŻԶȥ, ֻذ̸߸ҵĵڷҡ, ε֦Ӱ, Ϥϡ
橴δ˵˻һ˵ͱץסˣվԭһʱ䲻֪οڡ
ڻա
˲ȥ˵иơ
, ȥСԡƿ, ڶ, װ·ʵôˣ
۽ȥ˲˵, һ˵ţ
橾˵ţʲôô
ٳ, ˵빬϶š
ҲΪʲôӦ歵ơ
˵Ķû˽, ־˷Щϵ
, ֮ڿڵĹϵ֪֪Ҳֻ֪Ҫ֪
Ϊڻһȴ뵽ͷ顣
ȴֳ, ĵ׵ĺʱĿ䵭ϡ
㲻һγš
ü۵ʹ, һĳĬ
һԵĶӣһˡ
ţ橾ȵؿ
èҧģ̫ɶˣȭƣݺݵسţȴЦ顣
ôպ֡
׼ôҧгݵ˵š
һˡæ⣬˵ģþ£ǸղתһȦûֻһƵҡ
۽һӣһ²ؼģԼͳң˵ţãֻȥЩƣǲ˵ľ¡
ǿɲǣ˵̫˵㡣գۣ˵ţҼҹտǵһ
̴Ĵָ
ϲĽӻÿһ䶼ܽӵϣϲԣȴ΢΢𣺡ȴе񡭡
͵η֣ɫá
橽ӹҿ˿ЦЦЦƮҡƹ֣ס
ַ÷֦ȷʵЩƣϴ֡ԼģһӣֻǸĸ׵ģӻž𡣡
šͷҲһӰء
ü۰أɿһ
һ橼հ㿪
ãظ̧ķڷƮƮʾ˾Զ
ǲԸ⣬αؼʿڡ
Цһܾš
𰡣ˡƤһ橴Ӧ֮ǰ˵š
üһ壬û˵͸е˿վԼǰӰԼϣǹǳ÷˳ŷƮ˹Żмĵֱ֦һ
ĺѩ÷ư
Ǿ䵽ߵĿ̱㽩ڴǣ˵
һǩƺǣһζӭ
ˣ𡣡ɴЦֻë׵Сȸģëһë㱾
ллӵҡ
öұģü䣬Ц財
˵䣬ǹζħһıӣδäʱԹζ
װǣɴδ˵ζȻ
Щ裬ǹ߻֮ȥʹһͻȻʧһɶ̧ͷȥǰ֮ˣͻȻ˶Ǹݱ˵ģġ
ʲôӵġ
㳤޴歽񣬸ٹأ
ˣеˣͻȻʵ
橶ǸѾˣЩ飬ȴЦе˵ţҵģҴȥģˡ
ҳԼˡЦһ
ķһ㶣ͻȻһЦ
û뵽֮ǰѷ⣬ڱ׻ظԼһʱҲǱȽΡ
ȥСӡ
˭ҪСӡ
Ҫʲô橽ӹеη֣ʵ
ֱ橰Ƶ̯ǰµõ𰸡
̯Ǹˣһ˾¶Ц顣
λСɾҪдʲôĿֻ۾һĻ°ʹ˵ţǶһѰˡ
һ¡
Ҳʶһ
ҪһֻСȸ
˵š
ֺë׵ġ
ա̯ؿʼţûãһֻë׵ֺȸͳǰ
ÿɰ֪޾ɵɵؿš
СȸӹԲվ֦ϣȼȴ
ٻһɡ۾һָָ˵
ӶؾܾҪ
˵ţλϲÿˡ
ǵİѹﻭúءԼвεˣŸš
ͻȻһ
ָָ橡
Ҫңһˣһءü
˶ˡа˪ָЦţǿӲ˵ͻ
Ҫ죬Ըš
㡣
㡣
λȻǷޣͻһٻֻԧ죬ͺԵ˫Ҳȫ»򸾵ĶϲЦеؿˣͰ˵š
̯ǰٿر죬εĳĬŰ۾Ʈš
һҲ
橰ţȴ̲סǳӣĿⲻǰϡ
ϵеСȸ˭Ҳɫֻǿ򶨵ģǸͲһ¡
ע⵽ߣָתľһ٣漴ޱתš
֪ţ˵ʲô
ЦţȴͻȻöЩ̡
Ѳ˾ϹʲôƽЩɹˡ
橼޷Ӧֻɥذڻδɵǻǰֻϲ¹վͻģ½Ʈǣɫɡ
񰡡࿴ɵǻЦ˵ĵظһӡ
̫̫ˡϲŵ֡
õõġգգۣӹǻζ˵š
۾Ǹǻ˵룬ɴΪ䶼һĪ׽űߵֻԧ죬ƾߣǶɡ
һķҲڳԼˣС֣˵ȥ³ԲһԿΣʲô
橻񣬴䣺а
ƣСء嵽̯λǰָһС˵˸СӣҲһСӡ
򻨵Ƶæ»ƻţӿר˻ģë
ţˣҼҹﻭøÿˬظǮҫţǸӾһɿɰġ
ửڿ˵
һ㡣橽ӹĻƣյز֪Ǻá
ŻƣͲˡ
ɡָηϵĺˣЦ˵ء
䣬оһš
ĵӵǴ
ŵѻȴպÿŤͷŻƵһĻ
ССӺ̬ضԭأҧһܲ
۾ӳϸ߸ŵĵҫ۵ĹͫϣֻߵСͫЦеضţůĹӲĲ˲Įʻ
ÿ̲סš
ŹʣХ
ǹͷǳζֵȺţƢ
ԭĵ׵Ĳһ漣ʧˡ
һյơ
תߣνš
橵ľϣȴջߣɫ䵭ŭݣ۾һջ֡
ߣȥԲȥ
̵ġ
ҲҪ̵ġ
ӳʲôĬ䣬橵ʵ
򴽣Ƭ֮ŵ˵ġ
Ҳġ
ŴŴ˵ţͬڽˮ˵ǴЦ棬˶䷢顣
紵
ֱֱߵ룬仰
ڴ˿̣ͻȻòϣվǲһˡ
ŭѺ͹ȥŶŵĽڵһ̤ݸ
ƺ빬գվǰһ̣һŻ磬ȼŶѪ߸ʱڣ˯þ
һ˳ڵ϶ƮǰƣƮƮ⧲شա
ǲ֪н
ɣƫƫôء
ü
أһԣ橵֣С˵
ãվͳġСЦе˵š
ðɡɥ˵ţѵóš
ɡ橼˸Ȼʲô㡣
Ȼȥ̻˵ţǵȻȥ̻ɡ
ӵȻȥ̻𣿡
̧˫۾ֱؿ䣬һƬ༭
ôˣ橱֣̲ס
û¡ջߣָϥϣص˼£㡣

˺һᣬŷӦǴӦ̻ˡ
԰ɣҲȥӱˡ⣬գ˺üԲȴ̲סɨ˺ü
Сһ𳤴󣬵Ǵͬһӵֵܣգ۾֪ʲô˼
ķӦ
°ͣ׼¶һЦǸո۽ǾͿһĿԼϣ˼˲ʧһɶ
ԳԳԣӻҪ𣿡ĵشȥƣҪι

ϡ˻ȥԹԵذʣµԲˡ
ҿҪѷ˿ˣҪһҲڶˡ
һԲںͷ˵ķˣĵš
ûǰھ¥λãֻܺһڻǺӱϿ̻
ϣ
һɫ̻ͷɢȺбҵĺ˲û˵Ķ
׷ײɣYƻ𹥡
ͷ̻ǹǰһȴɢȥĹâѤǧ
Ƿ񼤶ŵ඼̲סкá
ͻȻеصͷ
Ĭţʰ쵵Ļڲ԰ϣһ͸ŻҰ֮ɫĵ޶ԵڻӵȺУ˶ڴ˿ԶԶġ
Ⱥϲŭ޹ϵ
㶵ؿţͻȻ
ӣ뿪ɡ
Ĭ䣬ͻȻߴš
ĳȺֱҵֻϡţͣ
ˣʵ
ˡ橰ϵСӻģϲҸơ
ƣ
һ㣬СʱԼѧġӣ˵ţɱֻСӺÿˡ
ֿӵĶ䣬ԳЦЦô֪˵滹ǡ
ͻȻס۾
ڱ۾ϡ
ֻҪգһ۾ëܸܵĵࡣ
㡭ʶסҪ¡
Ǻúóҩ϶ܺõġ
ΪʲôҪҷ
Լ˵ģһֱǰ߲ǰ
ˡ
˵ģ
üԼЩӡȴ벻ʲôʱ飬橵Ŀ̫ƶ㱼Լƺ˵
ǲˣȥúóҩòá˵
ذױ־ϣһֻ־Ȧסϸϸģȵָš
ֻһŮˣܵһļ͡
ԭΪǵűߵСȸȴںڰӨӨС硣
̾һ
š
Ӻͷ˺ͺˣ
˫˶ߣϲغ޲õŸ̻ףһ££ͲǸӰ˰
ŻƷڳǰɡǰ橵ݳЦ˵š
Ѱҹ俪ڳϷżյǮҹ飬ݼҵǷȭͷСҹ顣
ŷ޹ʹ󣬶ˬشӦˣڳԯϷصǵ˸
ȴΪã˵ҵ𣿡
ڻһ͸㣬ÿ
ǲÿﻭĿɺÿˡҫţҵǸСӣһ
һ
Ҫӡ
Ҹ㻭һֻɡ
˭Ҫ˵ţңҪһֱСȸȫǳɫģͷлɫϸޣβǺڵġ
ԭϲСȸ橾˵š
ϲЦţֻϲ
䣬ٿسĬǵ޵߳ȴǷ츲صӿӿʲôȴȫֻɫԣĬ
ʱͻȻͷƤ飬̧ϡ
һ˫鶯䣬ҡҷƻдһɫͫ׵
˶չüһЦ쳣ü΢΢𣬷㣬ˬ١
橡
죬غһ֡
Ұ񣬿а
ôˣòóڡ
˵ȴϵ˲ʧҶҲ΢˼£Ʋ΢ḧ
ûûʲôϸղһֻСӡ
ջߣʱЦ˵š
ģģŵæֵĴš
û£ˡЦ˵š
ӣüʵ
橲ߣС˵ţղиˡ
˲ս
ҿŲˡţ߱ĿҲеԭ˵ĸо
˵Ĵκϸɡ
κռر֮󣬹ģŸ壬˵еūˡ
Դκ˵Ķȴü䣬вͫˡ
߰ɡڳ
ˣûµģȥٺˡֱӣط˵
Цţȥô˵׸Щ
ͻȻһ𶯡
橻δȣͱֱӵ˳ȥǰ˹ȥ
һȥˣȻͣԭ͵ȥ
˽Զܲײһ
ͷҹɢĹ⡣
ڵһ۾ǰ˫۾
˿ŷԭ˫۾ڣȥ
ϸĺ촽⧲ڱĴϣڴһĺɫ
Ŵֱܿ졣
ڸղһ˲䣬һ֬ζ
ǵϤ÷ζ
ֽŷæһԣһ̧Ϳǵ۵ĺɫɫǺ죬ָ⡣
û°ɡ
ż˵ȴû¡
·ϲ֪ôܹһֻӣˡزԣſС˵š
ظ˵š
橵ͷеӶҪһн䣬ǵ̺ɫҹĹ»ζ
ͣݸſڡ
ˡݸſڵĶ˵š
Ĭһ·
ͻȻץס
˫ֹ̲޹ǡ
п֬ǿɬС˵ţҸɡ
ԭо˿˽ӰԼǰ
ֻڴǣССģŹ̵⡣
ɲǼ䣬÷ŨΡ


25 
ҹ, ѡ
ۣоһˣԭ橲֪ʱԼıһС
ӵһ, ӻ˸С¯, ܲ
ƿ, ȴоһֻĸ첲䣬ȵϢ͸ǰ
һë׵ˢӣ, ӵġ
С˵Լ˯಻, ˯಻ж಻, ûй⣬ڿ˯ȷʵ̫á
֮ǰװúúõġ
ΪĮְÿ, ȴϸոշ£ﲻõ, һֱӹסĲӡ
Խ
޹ǵĸ첲ڲ, , һ⡣
ְѲ£˭֪ոմ󣬾͸оһܰϡ
ԭĶȻҹ˾֮ʱ
Ů磬ĳУֽǻ塣
Żֻн֮˳صĺ
ȷʵ˯ú㡣
ͻȻҧгݡ
˯ࡣ
, ÿζᱻȥʵ׼Ϣʱֻһֻž̵, һֻˮߣ˽ס
һŤͷһҵĶһ
ڵǹϤ÷һϯʱС죬ͲСĳǵζ
ζһǰߣ񻰱˵֣ڱƵһ
ƽǰ֮ˡ
˵ĺʼһĺԽԽء
֪޾˯ţһŰС˯ú˵ġ
ǹɵ÷ڱϢƣĿŨȻЩˡ
ֱ˵ıһͣ¶
ȶ֡ںڰɭɭ
ֻɾһӣѻ֮ͷֱֱӰ˽ڻУһҲá
ڶʱѾտҲһ;ûۣһ˫첲̧Ҳ̧
ˮֽʱڸԹţ첲̧ۣҲ̧ҾҲۣ֪ǲˡ
ΪԼ˯̫ײǽˡ
Ƿ̫³ˣ˻ЩûͿһ²ǡ˵
㶵ţ֮ŷӦ˼⧲˸
˲غߣŮӽ˽֦ҶȻҪϧġˮΪǺˣЦŰοš
һ࣬ͷɻš
Ӷˮģˮָ·Ƶ뿪Ժӣ˭֪鷿ֶӶڡ
ȥˣŵ
컹δӾͳȥˡš
ȥˣ
֪
𣿡
֪
һ֪Ҳ˼ԼԺӣֻشãȴڿһ־
һȥ˲ӣЦ˵ţҲ֪ʱܼһΡ
һ۵ĸ첲ֻǳ̾һ
˵ҹӳͷһ仨ˡѵ¶֮ɫȤš
Ҳ֪ʲôδ˵ȴȺ
ôҲô֪ˣСʵ
ֹҡЦ˵ţֻȫǶ֪ˡ
飬һҹ񱱷ٰصһȦٰ˸飬ȴټҶպˡ
ˮǱô˵
ȻӲԴǣݷ˼ΪҹҹЪһ𣬻ī⣬ϸ˵š
ңеıͣŤͷȥûо橳Ϊ죿
ü˳۵վһ࣬ǫ˶ƵģūȻǰ÷λķˣǳɷ硣
ǵҲʢˣ÷Ҵѳˡٰ֮ҲҲ޶֮ˣֻݼλӻе֮Ц˵š
æټ˵ǣū׾
зһӣź⣬ʷ̨ӡ
⿴һֱۣӵϣɫΪͣü壺ò֣Щ۶ӣµ㵽ΪǼԣֳĶˡ
ǣزҲǣԻòЦŰŹټҵ
ߡһ浣Ǿ͸ϽѴκļϸҳǱ߿ɲܳ
Ű϶ѻɽӣͷƬ̳ĬǺڡ
ٿر죬ԵĳĬ
ļƷ
ˡһתˣ˵ӺҪڸ¥ҵĶء
һ㶣ӼǿģüԼԸޣöȥλҶ
ǡ
žһˤ˱ʣЦһݺںļպ侮ʯĴһüȥʲô
˰ɡü۵ʹ״˵š
ĻϵɫͻȻ˱䣬ŭƽϢˣ˰
᲻ǵ𡣡˵š
ü˳ۣ侲˵ϾݼҲˣһŮγ¡
ٰĶ֪ݼһٹ棬һΪݼѫݼҴӼ޸̼Ψһĵ
̼Ǻεˣһһˣ󳤹ֻҪһ̼ң̼ұ˭Ҳõ鱦´󳤹Ҳܱ
ǵþͲǵ˰ɡ
۹۱ӡɫվڽŹټ
˵ĻǺ𣿡
еıʣĬƬ̺˵յ顭ȥš
ǡӦ¡
ҹܸҰµֵੲݵۣͻȻ΢΢
ݼСӿǺʵӵôȥЩ飬ȥݼСӡ
ǹټҽĶʡ
˲֪ޡ΢΢һЦڱ˵ϣ͸һ⣬ĺҩ
ıʿͷ˵
һ¶ˣȻΪΰ֮һҪõ޺˵ţеһˤڵϣķѡ
ǵת밵ϸ΢΢𣬡ʹݼҿ
ǡ
˭ҲûϵһƼ򵥣ĵ룬ø̽
䣬ݼҺ⣬ֻ»ٰ˵ﷴ׽á
˭֪ݼҵ궨µҶ正Ȣȴ橡
һǲٰҵŮһ֮Ů
˭ݸյĴ̽һϢκݸһͰ˭Ҳܿ̽һϢ
ٰŲ£˵ǵ󸹬۹ʱſھ¥Ͽ¥Ӣ۾Ĺ¡
˵ӺҶ⼸Ҫ档
Ҳ˭ȴĻûþʹٰ
˶ΣҲ֪ǵڣǵݼɾһγŵıݸǸʲôʱλ
𣿡
컹δ͵Ժӵķһ깵ĻķСԺס࣬š
վ£չ˫ŵˣеĽΪͷ۵˵Ȼǡ
˵ô£ͱʵ
ʯһʵ˽ʵģ
С𣺡Ҽҹﻹûأ˵ˣҼҹӲʶԷ飬ŲЩĵ飬˽ġ
۽ǲȥͼ˿ĻҲ֪ܲ˵ȥԽͷۡ
Ҳû뵽˵ĹһԼôƫĵطܱҵ
ô¡֣˵ʱݶӲʮһ꣬ӲڶʮС˵˵Ķ԰ɡ
ȴ˼Ƭ̣˵˭˵ģҼҹ͡
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⣬ʵˣôˣ
ͣӻ֣͵ز⣺ûôҾǾ޷粻ˣǡй
˵㶬࣬ӣ۾бһͲˣȥˣ
鷿ڣԼȥ۾գһµġ
һˣͲȥӣ϶༫ƭԵģҲˣתüС֣˵ӽʲôʱȥԼ
۷һɨŹ
ۼ⣬ͻȻ۾Ҳȥڿɶ
ûʲôСôĺġ
Ƥһֱ콣£漴ǰ
ôֵֹġҲǰɻţ˵ôߡ
ӽߵġһ˵ţҲ֪Ϊʲô
⼸첻ˣֵֹģҲǡָӣԸӽҼҹȥ𣿡
ҡͷ
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°ͣʵ˵Ҳ֪Ƿ˺ٺͶӴ򽻵
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ûвϲɣٲϲһ˵ģǰ˹Ķﶼ
÷˻ȥ𣿡һʱضĻղŵĻ
϶ȥ!ɫ˼һתᶨ˵Ҹûȥˡ
Ȱŷ˱˵š
֣ɷµҡҡͷ㲻Ų
ΪʲôĻס
Ҳ֪ҼҹﲻΪЩ޹ؽҪü
òɭɭģֻðͰ˵ţô޹ؽҪأ˵˲ġ
ûԸ˵
ģģҪƾˣ˵ǶܣǹҲܵģ˵ˣҪȥˣҪù֪㣬Ҫˡ
Ŀ뿪󣬾ƲҶУտɫװͷ߸ƽյģͥ˵ǸѾòյİǹ
ǸشٽĳǹоᣬƲһߡ
ӾΣɫͻȻĻڴɫ䣬ôѪˡ
¡ų/ǹ˵ʱˡ
îʱ̡
鷿𣿡
š
һξݰС֮ˣӹеĳ/ǹŶͷܿʧڡ
ܿھͺյȡ
ճҪ֪ͨ𣿡ڣ״Ʋʵ
˹ժ»󣬱׵ָɺĺϣ˵޹Ҫ£֪ͨʲô
һ飬̧ɨһӣȻɫС˵ĻֵţСһӻһ·˺á
䵭ػѰ·ɫ䡣
ӵѡҲΪද˶촽ü𣬱飬Ȱ䲻úͷףǲҪ÷ٲǡ
⼸Ӻͷ˵Ĺϵ࣬ڶ࿴ʵڲҪΪ˶ѵýꡣ
һ˵޹ؽҪ͵һء׳ɱﵣһرɣ˵Һˣ˳ȥ
ʶһ䣬տյ
ԺҲһ÷ȴûϵĺš
šΣ΢΢𣬡һôǷһơ
ԶԶԡͷ
磬֪ģ鷿ûҵͼůҵͷ⼸ÿ첲ȶۣһŵղá
˯̫͵͵һٰɡ
ѵС֮İиš
ʵһʼΪˮֿʱΪϰߣ˯òǿάŲ˵˯ˣö֮Ҳʵڰסˣϱֿʼ˯óˡ
Ǵŵ˯Ƣһѵġ
뷨ŰȻ˯
ֱӴһ˰ɡŸոõңֱۣСš
ʲô
һ飬սеҡ
˰ۼ⣬бһӣ˵š
橻δ˵ֻ̯
ĥĥذѶݵУ״Ʋ˵ú磬ôϢһ¡
ûʱϢϤĻƣ΢΢
橲Եؿ
ҽճһ𣿡⣬ĿʵĿϡ
ҡҡͷҽҪؼһˡ

ţﲡˣҪȥ˵š
һʱҲԼһȻòá
ѳ̴ȥҪϸ΢вǷ
ûµģԺдģҽҲܺõġ࣬˵š
һҲûС
ǲ⣿
ԭеϲõϲ˲
ˣӣҡͻȻսڶߣСʵһ⣬գ
ôˣ򾲵ʵ
˯ûдŵ㡣۰Ͱ͵š
ҵָỮƣڽڿڣбɨһۣһʱ֪ʲôźãֻЦһ˵
˿ûвԣ˵Բסһ˯ó˯໹á
֪ͺá˸ӣ˵
֪˰ɡ
ü
ҪϴŴ㣬Ҿͺˡֱؿڶϸϸ𣬾һֻСȸڡ
Ǳ֪ˣҵȻôͣ
ܲܲҪϴҰ
ͻȻԭ
ԵĶͻȻһЦ


26 
歶ʱ, ǿûɫ
յĸ¥֣ⶼ, ʱ, Ŀջذ, ݸѿ
౧վſڣ䣬ɨػصȺֱ˿ֱ¡
ӡ歵ڶ, ġ
Ϊһ, ʵòԸ𣿡
, ָ΢ȴֱûоƱ
ǱƲԼֱߡ
ʶüͣԭ, ĵط
橺һʼ֪ôչϹ֮ˣϤȻ
ӣ歼Լ, в, ݲ԰, üͦһ˫ȴڣһź˺¡
񣺡橽岻
֪ΪΣöеȡ
죬չ, ɹ˱Щȡ
ЦЦΪ˰лȥˣÿʱ˶Ҫ, Т˳ÿζϸչš
ĬͻȻʵˣ
ԭΪԸĽڡ
š歶ƽ꣬븮һֱӼҲǼĴΣ˳źҲټ档
ԸƧǰ˵˵˲ģӿǧҪЦţһƵĽΪ֪Ȥ˵
ȴüԸƧ
橵Ƣ䲻ţҲƧϱߣһˣʵֻ˵Ƣ̫ˡ
ǰСʱһԵģʮʱ򣬺Ƣ˼죬͵͵ܳѵˣʱʪġ
ƲƲȴºҲһ䣬ֻһˣֱӴȥˣþԽٳȥˡ
ü

Ȼ
˳ܣ
ͻȻչüЦЦ
һ㶣¶ǳЦͻȻЦÿüۿʣʷ
ȻһЦ¡
ϡ껹״ԪɵνʱģڸͷϣüĿòiɫˣ̽Σȴ崰ߵ䡣
ĸ׵ľ
ǵõʱ׹ϢС
Ʈٷ磬ӢԼǰ
һƳɢ
겻ȥʲôսͺˡ
歿˫ۣźš
ǲǳҪ˴ʮʿѪսһ޸ġ
Цˣ
̸
¥༸żڣͬʱ˽ﾪ
ġ
ƻ¡
ӡͻȻһΪ֮ɫɲ鷳һá
ҵǲǱˣ
ü壿
Żƿī䡣歿˵š
΢ŵЦʱʧ
ȴ¶һЦ˵ţҲģʰˡ
 
ҡ
ĹܼǷҵıݣܷ˶ݣһΪһ橾Ϊսʱû֪ͨ£¾͵ſڡ
ֻһžͿ䵭ڵ۾ŨܵĽëţֻ¶һ΢⣬ֱֱؿ
ͻȻЩ¡
䲻˵Ƕһ˿ʱ˸о¡
ϲľӡ
ܳûţ˳ȫʩ˼ҷȥˣûϢܼΪΨһĵˣȷʵһ
Щûˡ
Ϊ˱ӵԶ졣
úܣλǲǶ顣
ƫƫ˾һһռԷٳţҲӲ񣬴ڸмͣɳ˷ļһ̡
ӡСţڨڨһ
š˵š
Ϊիܿţ
ԭ
ΪӾֱֱؿˮ۾޲˴캹ëֱ
ǻĸ׵ġ˵š
µġ
˲ɿ˲٣СŻǿԿģӿ
ǰֻһġ橿ͻȻѹ˵
ܼҲԣĵعЦš
ҪߵգΪβ˵
ܼϵЦ˲佩Ӳ
Ҳ˵´Ρѹɭɭؿһ졣
ܼҶһ£ֵؿ
ȻҲ֪
ջߣһ¶һЦҴӲŽ
ܼҿȥӰСͺһŷݶڷ
ЦᡣСֻһЦʱ̾š
вëƥʲôɻӣֱӴӲ룬Ժ
ǽΪ˿ţԺˣ˶
ҲǲµԸҲˡ̤ϻȣϵЦ˵ŻŻԺǰԼһ¡
ŶǹղŵıȷʵеˣҶŵˡС˵š
Цš
˲ϲ֣Ժһذ
ʱÿһ뷢԰׵ڽŲҩ
塣
ŴһŤͷͿüվſڡ
С«æվ첽ߵǰϸϸţü𣬲˵ţôˣ㲻ã
֮ǰŶû㣬˵ԶˡüۺЦǳǳз纬¶ӯӯ
ʱ£˵Լ飬ߣҿɶ˵ˣǷûŴСһƲƲ죬ݺвԺǼһ롣
ղ㡣֣ܵһʯΣŽűߵĲҩ򴽣ˣ
Ŵ̾ԼԼΡ
ü
ÿվͻһಡ齣þòܺתҪһֱ
Ŵ˵̲ס橱Թ֮ǰǧ࣬ҹ̸ϻΪʲô붬֮ܲסãǰվĪղˣ˺öҩСͷʱҷֽ컹ûȻںȾƣֵַʱ򣬾ƶ̳ˡ
Ǻ
Цһ

橵š
Ұ˯ˡ˵ţƲӣôˣ
ҾͲﲡˣʵ˵š
Ŵҩһ٣̧̫̾Т˳ˡ
¶һЦ
ʲôʱѰš
˰ɡ֪룬ͷҲ̧˵ţͲҪȥˣƢúܣҽȥˡ
˵ţǡ
ϲ˵
⺢ӣôͲѧѧûһᡭĻȻֹת̾һĻȥɣ㾹Ȼѡ߳һˣôͻûס
粻ãҸõġ
ܺã壬֮ǰᣬ棬ҵһιᣬҲ֪࣬ңҿԲʣҾ֪Ϊʲôôҡ
̧ȥŴڵ档
ŴüͷܼһֻӬ
Ҳ
Ŵ̾˥ϵü۱ڵţôãôСˣΨֻϲһˡ
ҼõСˣµĴһԣ¶ˡ橣ͫǳƽĿԶ
Ϊʲôôϲҡظţϲҿ飬ۣѧ壬Щ٥ɬѶĶҶѧΪʲôǲģΪʲôǽҡ
Ŵ﷢࣬ǰѯʵС˺üڿˮȴһ仰˵
˰ֻذοţʮˣβˡ
˵࣬˵ˣҲܽһ̡ʮ긴һոһգЩͬĻЩѹΪʲôͲΪ롣
ҾҪһɰ
ɣһĮŪ֮
Ŵŵһͷɢ֪ˣæվǰȷʵôˡ
ܳˡ
˳üһʢҵĵͷɢģԺĿĴڡ
ٳǧض
ĵѾҡ
Ŀϣİ
㻹δѾءŴδȥĺξΪͷۣ֣֣˶Ѿ
æԸˣСԺһɲǻ
橳ţֻǿ̨ͬˡ
ûˡ
òֻռĸòһ룬Ը͸ǲĸ׼ĮĬᡣ
Ǻϲ
Աֻĵͼ׶飬°ɱƬײѧѧĶ
ҫ۵ؾϵ̫ĵؿ˿ϣü۵ʹ˾Ѿһˡ
ȻȴǴ˵ĻҲֵסĿ
֮УǺá
עĿ
˿̨վŵˣ۷ŭʹͷؽҧ
æסˣȻȥϢɡ
ɿ橡
ȫһŮǸǧģԴİˡ
Ŀʹ࣬һؾȴڽղɶƵһã
Ů
ֻˡ
Ըˡ
߰ɡһĵţԺֵΣŵɫˣŴɫ
ŴҲŤס橵ߣ߶߶ţߣ֮ǰ͵ҩǲûҩˣҸ㿴
橴֮Ľֱú
ΪҾ˵úˡҧ¸ĻȻѡ޸ԼҪ£ͲҪҡ
ˣǵ㱯Ҳ֪ΪλᱻղǾ仰ɢǰСǵ޵ĺⱻŴĿĵӿ
㺦һΣҪҵڶ
橵ɴ۾һѪɫʧλζ
ˡ
ŴǳţĻ
û˺㡣ǰ״ˣ˶ھ㣬Լ
ɽſҳɽҲ㣬ÿĴβС«²չ㣬ôˣҪ飬߲
ԼվԼ߳ȥ˵СԺס÷԰֮
㵱ôھͶôˮ
ʧǵվţһĬʯ
ֱȥ˸ڵҩ
㲻ŴСؿһۡ
橵ͷ˵
Ȼû£Ҿͻȥˡ̧¶԰׵ڷˮ⡣
ɡŴ˵š
㿴ɣ棬Լȥͺˡ
ŴзƣֻôһԵĺͳö壬Ӳ񫣬ֱӰһйһУ㣬㣬㣬˳㿴òá
橿壬æѺ˻ȥ֮ǰҩأҪôࡣ
˵Щ嶼Ҫֶģû¾֪𡣡ֻӻ֣ӽ˵ţֵǮ͵
СϲίԼ
֪Ϊˣ㿴ٰòȵмӱõָЩʲôŮŮûһȵģճţЩ߰öǣܺߡ
ԸڱͷϣҲίԼ֪
һЦ۵׻δɢȥˮԽԵ
Цʲô㡭ҵֱӰ㱧߾ͺˡ˵š
ҲǼˡ
ŴЦ㻹Ҫûõġ
ử壬ЩҲĶЦ˵ţƶԸղŵ֪޾壬ֻβ
ôΪʲôϲ˵ţ㲻Ҳ˵𣿡
Ŵԭ
ǣˣȴȲˡ
橵ü˵ţҪҿӵ۾
Ŵͷػӻ֣ãҾΪѸҪǶ㲻ãҡ
˳
޺˵š
ߺŴϣͻȻƣ˵𣿡
һӰ
ʮһˣ㵱ʱôôء
Įڡ
ʲô֪
˱ۣɫ԰״һ顣
ҿƲס˵š
ôϲ㡭ֻ˰
˳Ĭվţɫȹ˿ûжȥ֮£ȻʥȴҲĬ
վڲſڣǵؿ
Լ߻ȥ橿˵š
ܾͿֱ̧ȥ
Լȥɡ
һţֻԶԶ
յķ紵ֻùιǵ䣬Ϸ컹ɢĳʪһʱֲǵʪĸоʲô
Ҳ֪Լ˶ã˶õСͻȻüͷһۡ
Ҫ޾ʹޣǴ˶ôֵһͷ
վԭ̧ͷֻһ˫ΪϤ۾
ϼꡣ
˼˿ңΪӯǰ
Ͽμߣֽ޳ɫףһ˫۾ڣ˲ˡ
󵨡
̸ʱڣκ˳ٰһɰռϸ˵š
ôҾװͰ͵ģҿǸЦеġЦüĻΪȴ˲
ҿ˵Ƣܺõġ
ƹҪߡ
𣿡һǰ˫۾չ¾Ȼһīɫ֪ķ𣿡
Цģüʵ
Ƣ̫á˱أµشȤš
Ҿٱ׸ˣұȫѲЦⲻǺܹƽ𡣡ͻȻݺݵĵͷѹȸеؿͼ¡
ƿǰţٱϸְֻһαˡ
ֲǼϸһסֱӰﵽȥˣѾ̫ˣߡ
ƽı˲ŭ
ȱ𡣡˸Ҷɵ˵ţҾǺʶ㡣
Ҳ룬ҵѾ߷ˡ
ֲǼϸϸСΪҡЦۣš
˵⻰ʱزˬʷ
´˿ķŭȴʶ˵Ļ
Щ˴ʣŵԲλࡣ
һۣƿߡ
Ҿģһûٰأأȥ𣿡
橲˵
϶ûȥЦ˵ţ޶Ҵ޵ӣǴµĴκˣȥ
ɳġͷҲ̧طš
̫ˣƬ̣ЩΡ
ǣҸʱҵ˵ҿû㡣ͻȻƽ橣ϸţƣ˿Ҳ˾Ŀ
ҾΪ˵Щ橽ŵǿյģҲǿյģһ֦ϣһҪˤȥ
ǡ
̾һԱ˵ţǲҲ̫ϲˡ
䣬Ȼ۵ɬѹõ黹ѹסˡ
Ǳ˵ˡ
ް
ͻȻæҵֱӡ
һؼҡ˵š
ŷŷš˴ͷ޴룬˵ţޱޣ˭СӣҾġ
ԲˡƿͷͷҪߡ
ҽа𣬾սǸ𡣡û׷ȥֻǼϵϣۿԶȥˣסҵ֡
橡


27 
ߡվſڶ˵
¥, ޵ʱʱϡ
ϰעӣ̸Цж, ǰ˵Ӱҵ顣
ޱصͷ
ȴһ, ɻؿԶȥ
𣿡ʡ
վ̨, ˷ߣŪ, ֪ĿѾˡ
ɽսŷӿı仯˵һ
¶һ˿Ц, ˵ظ
û壿ʱ, ĪŤͷһĶࡣ
һᣬŷӦʵ正˼Ƭ̺ͷ
Ϻء
е֮, Ҹһ壬歾ֻǹһ˫ˮҡ
ôˣ෢ɫ
ûʲôĬ
࿴Ե, һ⡣
¥, ˵ĸȥ, ɢȥȺǽ塣
𣿡
ϣʵ
ˣκģ
ǵӵ󡣡Цһ
ҪҪ٣
֮ǰץץ𣿡
ҡͷ
Цţ
ȥӷ𣿡ʻСʱװʵûԷͳˡ
û
һ, ˦һ˦·һҰӵʱ˵ҵзϲԵҮ
ϵ, Ȼ֪ÿվͻҵӡ
㿴𣿡ڣʵ
һ㶣룺һ顣
ʲôӵģϥϵֻ
ûϸӦþͨ֬壬˵Ǹд͵ҩ񡣡

ԺڰۣĪһ
ȥָؽڣĬƬ̺˵
۾һһ˦ϡ
ֵĴǰУкﲻݳʱĵɨܣѰ˼ŵȻȥԷ
ߵʱǰȺӿȥ
Ⱥд΢Щ졣ţͻȻһ
·վ˲Ƿ
޵۾ˣվ·Ҳ֪ʲô
񣡡ڳԯϣһ
ãȻĴţ֪ݼҵųյܹ
أҼҹﲻˣô졣վ£ͷ޵
ˣôˣϳ˵ɫһ䣬æ
Ҳ֪鲻ҪһظҾںš޵ֱãȻߵʱұײһ£̧ͷ˾Ͳˡ
ڱײһǰ·ڶȴûйӰӡ
ƿ¶
ʱŵᶼȥˡ
Ķġʵ
·ڡе㺦£ڶС˵š
һظȥҡԼûֻһࡣ
ãҷ·ߣȥҡŶü˵š
ԥ
ٰ˲ٴκˣո¥Ҳдκ˾ɺϣȥҡϸȺеĶ˵ͣ·ߣھȥҡ
Ͱ͵ؿŶࡣ
ѹġţȥ
ȥ˵š
ֻðͣһС£彣תͷŷ˵һ𣬲Ҫˡ
ͷ
ڣǷĳյķֵٰ
ˡ
߱䣬պ˻һ飬ŵæס͡
鷳ˣӵʵ
Դɥ˵ﱻˣôãΪʲôϲҼҹ᲻벻ǰһء
ԼԼŵˣ̲סʼ
ĿҲ֪Ǳ޵ķǱĻ÷̲꣬סսеĽ
ôûС˵ţŲš
ڣűĽʣԼ侲أһϸĿ
΢һֻСè
ˡ䵭ǳ
ԯϵķ񲱾һëɴ۾ŲӣС˵ûް
һ㶡
ۣϸţǵƲɢĿѾޡ

Ŭֱǵģ
ţͻȻһƿӵ
һЩη
ûްš
ʲô𣿡ʵ
ԣãؿ
п𣿡Ųͣʵ
ҡͷ̫ˣû
򴽣Ȼֱ
æǰסżʵҪȥģ
ڿޡС˵ţվڷҵȺϸţѰǵ΢
̧ųƧСȥ
ӣСͬżغţڶ뿪ķ˺üΣ˶ţҧС˵ţȥİǵȶòá
ţֻǳǸϸ΢ȥ
ϸ϶ɤӶˡ
Ӳֻøȥսսظ󣬿˺üǽڣֱ۶ˣһæǰܿһЩŵĶǵؿ
ֱߵСм䣬ǿ
һ㶡
˿ޡؿСͬС˵ţ·ˣû˰
Ųһ٣ǸͻȻͣķȥ
ǸƲϯСİշͣͿ˳Ųϯæż˵
䣬ֱֻƿϯһɵ÷ζ
ϯµ̧ͷ
Сеü۵ʹĿϣȴظоעӡ
橣û򴽣غһ䡣
ӡ橿⴦ˣ㱿ǰ
ǸʱҲͻȻԼǰΪһµ·
ҫ۶Ŀ
㡭ԥسķ֣޳ָϡ
ʪġ
Ȼڿޡ
أô
δ˵͸оԼƿֻôҴջ֣ǽվ
˵橻зޡ
橰ıȴ̧ȥ
վһ࣬Ŀɫ䵭ǲĿ⣬΢΢׿
ɫǳⰵЩǱ
ѪˡһͻȻֱһѪۡ
Żָ΢Щۡ
¡ν˵š
վһԣ˼˵ţΪҹһʼǽڻ˵ġ
һ㶣ǰɫ䵭֮ˡ
ڿޣŴġĨᣬСš
ȥɡĻһǽڣüԥǰһ
ä֮󣬵һ̤ȫİ·
ڱʰݸڵ档
һԶΣգֻǸղǵ΢ɳƵĿԭسȴѾѡ
üͻȻһֲֻ̿ĸо˲ɢղڸ¥
һѪͻȻҰ֣ܿƵıţֻվԭıڡ
Ȱ˿ڰɡסǽϵ
ֻǱѪڻҰǽԵԽۡ
ͣԭŤͷȥ
ȴӲˡ
Ӹ
Ҫ֣䵭˵ظ
˿Ѫˡ
о橿ֻ޹ǵСסֱ֣һ
һССëȥ
ָ
ʹ𣿡ü˵ţȰɣҵ֪ȥˡ
ˣʵ
Ǹղ߶ˡ֣˵֪һˡ
ӣӡżСſ
񼤶
ûãͿҴҶĽŲߵ橣˲һ
Ҹղûҵˣ۷ӺͷҲˣŵĶҪֹͣˡ԰׵ڿ֮ŻѪɫ
ˡۼ⣬ֱϵˣһľս
£ȥ˵š
ӦнҩŲɢȥĿ⣬ء
Ťͷܿƿߣǰȥ
ȫȫݳݸȥ
ͿʼҩͰײһ࣬Լػصضš
еۣһᡣ

üûĺЦᣬһֻͳСȸޡ
˼ʱҩֱۣʶ˶ָ
׼ס֣С˵Ҫ
ֻ֣ʵʵ֣Ǹ˵ţûнǰˮ˿е֪᲻̡
Ҳãܵġҧҧ֪˵š
üΪʲôǸ
̧
ģҪǸ֣ţϡ
紵ɵᣬ۹⻬մһɬ
Ϊʲôޣʡ
橵üûʲô
ָӲһᣬջ֡
š
ԭԸ˵
ĵһʱҲʲôζ
ʰеĶŷ͵СһֱģЦЦڰϡ
ʲôƺص죬ʵ
ҵ塣˵š
壿üͳ塣
Ҳǲ⣺Ҳ֪кֵֹܶĶ
ŸղųǽԥȻ֪οڡ
⻰һ˿ڣɵӾͻļ⡣
뿴橿ֵģСʵ
𣿡Ҳ֪Ϊе顣
橲ˡ
ദ£ɿ˱֤š
̫ºڰǰһ
һȫм֮
԰橲죬ÿġ
ܺͱ˷һ˹ϵܵĸо
һɲǵԭ
ˡͻȻ˵š
ű˵Լ˼뷨һԺγɣ˲޵ݡ
Ѿ򿪺ӣ㶿ʧ˵ﲻ
˵塣Ǿ仰޷˵˳
˭Ϊ𣿡û뵽ϣΪһ´⣬͵ûøĶҺܶġ
еСУӣ˵㿴ҵġ
Ǻӳϵسء
Ҫʲô嶼С˵š
ŶУЩҵҩ񡣡
һģ;ȵü
衣
ʲôûĻ
ǰ衣˵ڶϾ֮ɫǺ񡣡
˵Ǳ˶ġһ㶣壬ͻȻ͵ġ
ĸÿϺõʯΪȣŤͷʵ˵˭
尡գۣеĴȥûǮӡ
ǲˡС֤š
Цһû´㣬Ϲ
ͻȻҧгݡɡ橣ǲǹҡ
СţҾǻ۰
ƽ˫۾޲ɫͫȴһƬ׵ֻһ۾˽ȥ
һǱءѹ˵
һ㶣ſ˼Ƭ̣˼˵Լײã
˼˲ʧһɶ
橡ָսݺݵغš
ڴ˿ͣ
ӡ橺غţְְˡ
Լź˵һ鷿
橲ΪɶԹӦ¡
橱ȭǣŸȥ
۾ˣˡ鷿ڣΪһˮ˵Ҳ֪ʲô顣
ƽľ֣š
ҪҪ͸Ǻ«һ࿴ʵ
дһ̵֣ز֣䵭˵㡣
ϡۼ⿴˶ҩڵض˲ˮۼֿѲʶȤķˡ
ҩɡ
橵ûЦ⡣
еӣ󵭵ʵ㲻ˣ
ûЦۣʵ˵ңҺܿġ
Ӷ˺ܶණ˵Σգ̤һĸˡ
ֻ⻰Ҳ֪ﴥˣЦһӣҩֱӺˡ
ԭԼͦ˽ģɲôദӵƢԽŹˡ
Ϊʲôڶˡ
ҸӶ顣ֻû˵š
ҲԼӦˣתƻ⣬ͷƿ顣
˵Ͳ˵ҲǺ֪
ޱš
ֱһӻ橲뿪
鷿ֱɫȫŴ򿪴ţͷɫá
Ѿȫ
СԺƻҡҷСԺȾϹ
ϴãټ³ʪͷɢ󣬷ŴӸͷ
Ҽ𣿡еīɫ壬ͻȻʵ
ΪʲôǡͷԾ˵ţнзˣ֣Ŵзأôǹļҡ

ˡûзǾͻб˰ҧҧ˵ԺԼСӣ˷˵λ𡣡
ôһһЦ
ôһ˵㳤һС϶ȷ˶Ҫá
ƢãզǾͱߡЦ˵ţǿȥڵĽʵڲУǾ͸ŴɽһûȥɽأҲ֪ò档
ü۵ʹŨСˢĽëס˫ͫ
ϲСӻСɾͻȻ쿪˵ţҵϲСӣú͹һСʱ򳤵þͺÿɰ۾ģƤװ׵أЦģ껭ޣСﳤһܺãһúܿġ
һ˵һ߸橴һֱӡ
Ҿ춼Ǻ«ԡ˵
һһպô졣̧߸ӰϵĵڵͫУοס
Ųᡣ񲻸˵ţڣֹţһῴġ
СԺ밲֮Уֻʣ¼ϡֻſ»ԺȴǺһƬݼݷؾſںڰС
ڴʱԺӵĹӰƳˡ
˵˶ԷΪϿü˵ţվ˰ѷˣ˲š
ͷ˵
䲻֪Ӻӽʲôԥһ죬ǿ˵ţ۷ʲô飬ŷ˵ġ
̫ˣʱʵ񡭡ࡣ
Ĳһҧ˵ȥ
ͨ͸峺档
ʲô֪ȴɱ⿴硣
һ纫֪࣬Ѿɱһǻȥֱ˱ѣҡ
һˮһˮһػ
׾ȴᶨߵһС
ĬţĿһĵϣӳͫϣȴ˿ûκα仯
Įһе
ɣΪʲô
⼸Ҳһֱ롣
Ϊʲô
жá
ٹ롭С˵÷ȥ𣿡


28 
˯ǰһյС, Сټ١ȫһҲûǰߵϢʧصֽ׼ЪϢ
ף𣿡ʱ, ͻȻָһѶʵ, ˵¾޶ء
ʧЦƶ, ľ޶أ졣
ҿ˵дʣǬ궬, ȥǰļһʾ, , 꿪Ӧ͵߾ľʧﻹἰ൱÷ұӻ, ֪Ƿм̳ˡ
橴˸Ƿ̧, СԺտյ
öǳ, û, ô׽ģС̾ԾϥϵСè˵κֻҪһԾȴɱ÷, ⣬˲˵Ÿճĺһ/𣬵ʱǻֵʬĵز𡣡
Ҳ, ߷˵ټҿͿ
橿һˮ֣ſţŵ˵ţҪ˵СĸݼҴ鷳
ɾֽ˵Ǻ໹ڣĲ˵ڿһôࡣ
˵ˣ˯ɡ橿ɳ©ոյʱ
࣬Ҫ£ӽҹӦòˡ
Ϊ£ȷů¯̿Ϩƹȥ
˭֪һתͿŴ߳һӰ
ӡһȺ
Ķոƿ¶һԴű򿪣紦һӰ˽
ӡ˵ţ´ơ
ȴ˵
ͳεĵ͸ֽߣһϡ
鲻ã
ᡱƿһ˽һϢü͵͵ŲŲ
鲻𣿡žʱ橵ʵ
ؾصţԺһ졣
ûС
ڰУʧһ
ʵҲУ˿Ʋסʧ䡣
Ϊ˵Ĺϵ׽˲١
ʱһ̤ΣյСĬᶨվǰ
ϡ¿˶ǰ緢ӡ
ԭһֱûб䡣
˯ɡڰתš
ţˣҪ
ÿ첻ˣȥҩѼֱ˯ǰ£æ˵š
ȥģü
׾֡˵֮ǰһǮǸ׾֣ϾҪѩˣȥûȱġ
ǰֱ趫Ժ֮ˣҲȼ޼ҿɹ֮ˡ
ƶȷж꣬ںĽ²ϸֳɸΪϸµľٴ롣
ؤмߺ͹¹˵ĸԺʩҽҩİ÷©԰רҵӤľӲ֡׾ֺӤֻ֣ľȼõĹݲ֡ƽֺ֣геڻׯ
˵Ĵ׾ֱǱ¾ȼγɵСĸԺЩ˲ٹ˾ȼãٰ
ͷǵôȥ
š橵Ӧһ
ûãʹһƽȵĺ
һ˯ֿ졣
ٹ롭÷ȥ𣿡
ٹǵΪܳĵչԸݷ˱ԼòѹҺðԸǿƣϵʱĽΧŵȫˡ
һ򽾰ֵòģ˺ݸû̫Ľȴ͵ݸ
ȥ
ϳţӣò˼ǲ֮˵ĵһֻ̽ǲ֪ΪҪ̽
Ҳòѡԭ
ȥػᱻһС
ǲȥ֪ûк֡
˿ɱȸٹ˵֮ǰиСŮ游뾩òֱӰˡ
ൣǵڶ
׳ʲôӣ
òš
ӦúܸߣıӣͦΡ
ССģ˲СĽӴ÷ҡ
ëӦóģÿ˯ܸоĽëԼ°ʹ
˯ʼţǼǵ㵭÷׾ٵ˯⡣
ֻҪ˯ȥʱͻȻоһֽŲõزӣ²֣ҲܸоµΡ
һ˵˯ൽΪʲôô
Ժڰεۣ㳶ӸСǰһ˲佩ԭء
ɺָܿоԾ
֮ţڲ
ż䣬Լģһ
Ĭš
ǰһƬڰֱȴȵĴС
ôСôֻµǱСȸ˵İο
ں¡
뷨ͻȻԾͷ
֣ϸļϣŮеĵģǵһ̺ǰ֮˻Ϊһ塣
Ż֮˼˽ڻС
˯ɡ
Ķ䣬ᣬ紵ҲŻгˡ
һ˯ʵһല̣ȻǱյĴС
Ķſỽһ
ɡ橽һΪˬ
СĽϸǰ֮ˣüһƬɿҲ͵͵һ
ôˣ橺Цš
һΪһЦ˵ǰͷˡ϶ҪجΣջĻ᲻ᳳӣڿﾫ񲻴ҹ˯ò
һ㶡
ҹӦجˣֻûáƺΪеĺ¡

촩ɫķβȹɡߴߴشĻһٻŴذ޷βȹ
Ҳ̫˰ɡҡҡͷܾš
죬̲סȰţĿǰٰеʽأָģĲ
˶మɫȹÿҾ;Ҳûбȷ˻ÿˣҼҹ̳˷˵òɫҲһܺÿ
ߥţ۾ģϴδӻ˸챦ʯͷ棬·ոպá
ţȥ׾ֻȥ¿˵÷ˣժһ÷ԡ
橳Цţµ÷ɲժҪϲҾͳڻ԰ժһ
˵µ÷ٰһͻʱһҪ˱Ȼʼߡ
εͷˣġ
Сһ߸˵غױСѾҪ÷ױ
Ϻױ·žװһȦžˣֻİΪ˼ʵÿ𣿡
˿˲䰲
һˮ̲ס˵˵ɫ
֣˵ţÿÿˣҼҹҲ̫ÿˡ
ѾϰѣĿˮϡ
ôСӦöഩЩɫ·ÿˮּ˸ɫˣǧɫ򲻼ɽռȴòϣòԶˣĿǰֻٰܼһ÷Ҵӿ
ٰôһɫء
߰ɣ߰ɡ֣˳ִһīΪΡ
ɫĸоѹסɫĺһЩţЦ˵ţһкɫ塣
ΪŴÿοھǲֵǮĶС⣬ȥӵȵȣŷ񶼾ЩǲֵǮĶھһС
ձЩļֵͻȻһֻǧ
˵£һҪȥú˵˵˵ԴЦ˵߰ɡ
ˣ˵ҩƵϣղڸǰһУæԹ˵
ôæü
ǰôоӺæҹӵԽԽˡڶС˵Ѱߵÿˣֻ۾һʼײ˺üΡ
Ժ۾Ҳˡҡͷţ׮ԵҵǾǿԡ
ǿԡʧЦǷ۹ܸ߰Ҳ֪ԺҪҸʲôɾ
ҲŲҪɾأҪ͹Զһ𡣡ӣ˵ţȻǿԣҼҹﲻãǿãһëҲ
Ĵָš
ӱȲ˵ƢͲáֹš
ӵǴˡЦ˵ţڱ˵ӻ
üˬˣҲֻڱ󽲣ӵҵʱҾͺܺ¡
һЦ
ܿ͵ɽµĴ׾֡
׾ռزСǸԺӣÿ˿±ӻҲ࿴һۣԳǮ٣׾Сȥá
ֱɳ֣˭ü۲̧ģ͵ʳ˽ȥһ衣
÷ڻ԰У˵нô÷
û뵽λŮʩЩ޹ؽҪ飬һʱΪ𾪣ǣԭͨǰмСȥ˼÷ԾͶˡ
ͯӷģҲ㲻½̻Ц˵š
ʢ÷ɮҲǼΪеһ֮һ÷еĶͷľͬһ
ѩ÷ֻɮϧ׿Ϳдա
һ㶣ŤͷϸŮӵòͻȻԭ
ʩ÷ѿڶ
ҡҡͷ
ƶɮʧˡٿػ񣬶һ
䲻÷ȴǰ÷֮ˡ橻գ÷ֲʦظˣй伴ɡ
һۣת뿪
е֡°ͣС˵
ͤ°Ϳź÷Ц˵㲻Ҫժ÷ȥժ֧ɣСһ㡣
񻶺һ߸˵ˡ
׾ָⰲȸηֻз紵÷ϤȴĿƽ
ʮµСͳһйģʮҪѧϰһ֮ģϾֻСʮ֮꣬·ֻԼˡ
ġһ֦ź˪÷ǰʯϣһųǰ
㡣˵š
ҡһЦˬʷ޼ɵ
ôֵٰؿʵ㻹ûץ𡣡
Ϊ
Ǵྩ׸ЩﻹץңֲСӡмЦţǵӣҹСӶץ
橵ͷ˵öԡ
ף㲻𣿡Ϊȡ
˵ûҡҡͷȷʵûץס㣬ôġ
°ͣĳӣ˵ҲǺܿ
ȵ㡣橼ϵ÷Ц˵˵֪֪
ҡӵһ٣ɫҺ˵ġ
㶵ؿ
ˣҧгݵؿ橣չ´īɫͫ⡣
ʲôʱ˵ģ޹˵Ҿͺΰ
ȹǶĿ֨졣
橿ɱ˵ߣϸ˼Ƭ̣ͻȻȻ򣺡˵İɡ
ҵʱ޵Ϊ棬ûһš
ߵĻð
һ֪𣿡ʵеš
ˡطţ޹
ҲҪ֪ˣСӡطš
ָ΢
˿ģôôǷᰡ
ʲô˳ĬƬ̺ͬʵ
ȡǴ鱨ġŪؿ̵ȥץҰ
Ŷһͷ֪ˣһȥٵġ
Ҳץס㡣
ǿԸ鷳橶˶ӣһ˫ڵ۾⣬ˮ٣ƣ㲻
ϵЦ˲ʧ۾΢УǰЦ绨Ůӣԭɢпգ۾ͳɱ
ǼѪɷʵʣзŵȤӶڴ˿΢΢򿪵ɱ˵
橲ü̧
ɱ𣿡˫ηʵ
俴žһӣͤڵţչüһЦҿɲɱŮˡ
ɱ˭
ɱҾøɱ֮ˡЦţЦŵη޾塣
Цҡҡͷ
ĵһκˣȴǳϵ̹ңһŻҲ㹻ҫۡ
أ°ͣš
ϾҪѩˣС¡橳ʵ˵š
ͻȻпţǴĺԺɹ¹ʱ漣һ㰲µĻֲ̿İգ֮ھಽ졣
ȻǴһλ˫״Ԫ
Ǵһλ˫״Ԫڿɶûú³⣬Цһһңһ
ϵЦͻȻĬ
ЩȥǴκԲ³ָŪŰȹǣ濪Ϻϣ̬ʷɡ
㵽˭橶һʵ
ҲŲ㡣Ŀһɨ̾һǸްСѾ߻ˣ̫ܿˡ
ʱͻȻЦۣе⿪ʵ
ҵ֣ٻ㡣
䣬ָֻöīɫ壬ϸһۣȵü
˭͵ģһϲ㡣
ѹż֣˹˵š
ƿڷԢдƽǱī񣬼ң˵мУԢӰһ㡣
һҪˣһǸˡɸ̾š
ԭ
Ӱһҡ
ĸ͸ʮһ񣬶ǰһ죬뻤ǺӵĹУһ
ң
ԭҲҪҡ
񻶿ڶ𣬡÷ֿ󡣡
ôˣе÷ʧɫ˹
橿ͻȻչüЦЦû̫۾СĽɳˡ
ǵؿҸ㴵ﲻܡ
ܣ񡣡橵üֻøˡ
ôˣĵؿвӡ
ûˣ߰ɡ
ͤϣָǿ壬ԶͶˣĿڴɫȹϡ
һ˲ٰˣЦ䣬Ǹ˶
˵öԣ̫ˡջߣͻȻŪЦţΨֵǮˡ
Ҳɡ÷ڴһΪϤ˭ϲˡ
ǰ˭ϲءͤҶҪϲˡ
ȫʤ󸳸ơ֣ţ֪Ц⡣
ģˡߵһ룬ͻȻ£ŤͷҪߣǸ˵
ˣٹѾˡ
֪Сް᲻ްӣΪֻȥ
ɽ£橿ǰ·ˣ˵ţʲôᣬҲ֪
ٹոӺҪһͬȥ÷԰Ϊ֮˴Żʳ˾·һһ˵š
Ƭ̣ί˵ҲҪˡ
˭֪Ѿÿƶһ£ظ䱰ְȥ÷԰
汰ְȥ÷԰֮ͬ
ǳȥͲȥ컯ջǿа𡣡
ü˳۵š
üǽһҪȥ
ǡ̧ɨһ橣Ŀдһ֮ɫ˲ҪΪѡ
·ɡѹסŭķ񣬵˵š
ٹðԵ˵š
ټҺͻʺΨһŮȻҪ÷Ҫꡣƽ˵
˵ٹÿˡԼ˵֪Ͳˡ
Ƕ˳һ㲻ʮ塣Ц˵ţ޽ǣûµġ
ǻ֮ȥĵǡ
÷԰ͷԭ÷Ҵ¼޸ʱޣ󱻹ټջأֱٹǴʱ͸
÷ҴӱǾ޾֮ˣ÷԰Ʋõĵ֮ռ󣬵һ岽һ÷λͥԺ÷ѩۼ԰屦
橸ո̤÷԰ȴԭ
Ĳá
߰ɡ·Ѿϰ˿ˣһмؿ
Ҳԭɵɵظԭ
ⲻǷԺСĲ
˴۵ȣ󱻴÷԰ĸ¥֬ѩС¥ˣ橵ĵͣ¶ſڿȥ
˶ԭ
ٰʱһˡ
ɫΡȻһɨ￴һϤݡ
歡
ԭЦغ֮˵ֻǿʱϵЦͻȻԭ
Ϊմŵ·һģһ
һģһĶСԸòӲòˣտſ֮ˣòϡ
Ȳ橡
ɫĿ·ϲǽ
С֪橺ÿȴδֻʢװ橾ȻĿôɫһܺ
ʵָ΢΢
橡
˵֮˫ʮ껪ĵˮɫϵسȹŸ߸ߵ̨٣૚ƣǼǧ谮һĸٹ
ǡڣؾصʰ
ҪͻȻһһ޵Ķ⡣
˭֪ٹ˭
橹УΧ֮˵ߣԸٹΪޡ
ǵû˵ȻǸǵĴˡٹ¶һǳǳЦ⣬ȴû䵽۵ס
Ҿˡ
ߵˡ
ֱߵҹⱭ°ҲˣҲֻƽ˵š
ڵٿš


29 ƾ
÷԰ɽ, ɽһռؼյ
Ŵ멣ġ
볡ʱ, ԭֵչذ
иOO@@, ܿ»ָ, ĳֲٿͣĿ⡣
ȥ̨𣿡ʡ
ͷ
²ԶȻҪȥӷ𣿡һܷĵطʵϳǰ˲ҩ, ʱŲˡ
š
ʱʱڶ, ̽޵ɨ
ǳĬԶԡ
ն˭
ٰƷϵɾӶ, Ŀǰ֬ѩɸٹӴǰ˻и𡣡
šո粻˿ģԳµһжȤ
÷԰ͱټ, и÷ֺδƾɣɽǧ㱦δ̤㡣
°, ɷµ˵š
ĵ, Ŀ⳯ɽȥ
ǰ, ౧ڻ̤Ӵҵ÷֣߹ƽ֣վΰ׳ۣɵ߲ɺǰ
׶ֱƽש, ս
ܴơ̡¶աܡ޹ƾɣĿϾӡ
ڴʮЪɽʽС¥Ǹû, 
һݱ̿գɽ硣
ǴºΪɸĽ
ô˶ûбƽ𣿡иӵڶ
Ťͷɨһӣ¶һЦˬ޺Ȼ˼÷԰÷԰󣬳ûɽȻֻܾԵˡ
С˵š
λɾǣǰ֮ˡ
˵˴ɫ£Сɫѩף۾峺ֻɽҰСӡ
ٰﳤɾ
һ۾Ϳˡ
޹λʳ˾ͳʶġ΢С˵
㣿۲΢̬º͵š
Ҵ֡
ҳٻٰš
һᡣ౧ȭüζ˵š
ϲԼĲܻӭĬĬԴڽư͡
ԸղŵһĻӶĬţֻûþδԼܿͣԼǰĿ̨ϡ
㿴Ϸ ˻и˵ţΪֻ
ϣƽ䵭޲
üŵµİ˻Ϊ͡
һΰ˵߾ۼС
ս·˶ڽҲҴһ¡
£üòʵ
ȥ˲֪𣿡ͷģ̲סң
ֻǿȴ
гߵ
ٰߣʱйӣһʱɫ˵ǸάСˣҲ
ɫڱ˱䣬üôˣ
м¶һ仯˵ɲңҶˣ÷ء
ɫһ䡣
----  -----
֬ѩУٹӣֻǺԵļŮ˵ⲻ
˻ֻؿǰ֮ˡ
˵ô˵ԭҪȢ㰡ٹ˲ǣ̧正Цӯӯʵ
һ㶣Ŀʶ䵽ϡ
һƽֱͦü۵ʹԼϤģ
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Ϳ͡˵š
ֱӰˡ
橵Сʵǲ֪ʲô
ü۲̧˵ţ֪ʲôԤضҲȥǣҺθɡ
˵öԡ橻Ȼͷ
Цһ磬ȥϢɡ
ŶҲˣ˳ְȥڡ
橡ŷı仯˼Ƭ̺ɭɭغš
ߵһ룬Ϊ⣺ôˣ
ȥģʵ
ڰҪϢˡ˵ڣȴĪòԾĲ˼֡
˵һ顣ҧгݵ˵š
ͣԭüصת̵سȥ
ղǸѾߵıĴȴһŻĪ˳⣬þˡ
ֻ·ٳҲеͷһ죬橰ƽӣĥĥվڴߡ
ȥϢֱ˵
ڴߣϣСС˸Ƿ˼
˰Ҳû·ü
·˯ˡ˵
һϾ;ô࣬۾ˣҲ˲ò˼ģģֱ֮ȥ
·ָк·һ·ĶͻȻʵ
ǰҵģһûɫ·ءԺ˵ţҽôæû
Ҳ
ԭδ˵ߴһ೤ĺ
ڰãƺֻ
˵Ķֻĺ
ĺǸλãԥƬһ֮չⶼʼǰ
ϤĵطһԸΣա
Ŷһ೤ƽȵĺߵߡ
һ˯úãÿΰñܰŪѡ
һСӡ
¶Цվſãֻ̧ģȻͣڰУͷ˼λãָһ䣬ŷ綼
ֱһůĴС
Ĵ
СɾµĴָ⣬ϸճ״
׼ʱ˯ε橴Ųüţ
ֲֻʵػĴıӣȻĶͷֻһ㱻½ǡ
ĬվڴǰԶһƬ֪ǰǺǱ״̬
Ȼʧ˲ϯļ⡣
֪ģ
뿴Цӣ뿴ʹӣ뿴ίӣ뿴޵ģ
һһػƲߡ
ôͿ
ڴ𣺡ټˡ
ŤͷȴͻȻʵʲôӡ
һ㶣̲ס΢΢ƿڵһĻĵЩᡣ
Ӿվڴǰ߾Ƿ˵ģȴֻܴӱ˿е֪ϸ֦ĩڡ
ˣƤװ׵ģ۾ģССģЦС˵ٰҲˡ
ָսЦջ֡
ҳȥɡ
˵
ĻȴһҲ治
һǿҵϣ۾ָ
ϣɨһϰ
ϣܹؿ


31 
ⱻضŪ, ԱƵɽµδʱ䣬Ⱥӿ, ӦŹټΪٹ, ԽԽĸӵӿ˽
ɽ÷԰ͷϢһˬ, ȴûӰӡ
أš
ҡҡͷҴӾˡ
ŶͻȻʧ£ҲȻỹҪȥ𣿡
Ҳǳü
Ҳû
, ǳ̾һ
ûԷ, ȻỹûʼǰԵ, Ҳ֪ʱܽΪ·ͷѯš
橳°ͣĺ÷, ͷ˵Ҫͻˡ
Ӧ, ȥ
ϪƳ, ÷Ӣ, 橿ͷڿУѵõգɹůģ°ͣյ¸ĵư÷, ҷǾĿϲ¶Ц
һʯǰ
, һϤǰ
𵹹ҽ𹳣һſü쳣Цؿ橣Ϊݣ˫һſ˳ֹϴͬʱ˳һԾֱڡ
ڵĹ˲䰵һŨĹ
橿գۼɵĶû߾Ͷһˡ
ô
ɴ۾˵
÷԰ǹԺ֮ټҼ٣ѱʵʵˮ©κôġ
üüбޣɫͫ׶һĹ⣬ŵ̧°ͣЩʲô
ɷµصͷת⣺ʲô
ûʲôдһӵĻɵȴֻ΢̣𣬡ȸһ£ʱлҵʱ򣬲̫
ɻһ۾գգΪ治⣺˵ʲô
ָ΢ǿǻǻзһߣߣҪ֪ģҰһæҲһ⡣
æҶ֪ͰæһҲҪء橵ϵؾܾţ˵ٲߣҵȻȥѲʿˡ
㺰̧°ͣΪõسЦţƺҲû
ӣŵʢ˦еī壬гţ»ķ
廹ңǰҪȥеĶ
㶼ûҵ֣ô㡣˵¾Ϊã֪ҽʲô𣿡
橳̾һ
ȻûɫţǸϹӷҳӵʱǺܴôˣмǲġ
ȷʵûϡ
ӣÿû£ɲǹ˾
ҡʲôߺ߼Խˡ
ʲôʴͻȻʯŵǸϤĹζֻϤԺиԾ뷨ȴְ˼
أӸµظ΢ţ㣬֪ˣимģܿټҵ֡
ΪؿǸҴյ
ȻǡͻȻǰ֮ˣʶ÷ˣ
һ⣬ȴ¶һǡôľȡ
ôʶˡ
е屻žһץģɫڻ谵дһ㶴Ϥĵֱ˵أҿˡ
ָ΢û¶ֻǾ˵㿴ʲô
𿿽ĿƴѪļ⵶һ㲦ǲȵƤȴ˿ûҵ
ҿֺڼ÷´ת
Ȼǿ
һ
˹һһֵ˵ţ絶ȴû뿪ϰ֣ȮһҪһŸġ
𽥱ƽĻ٣һļҪ˳
˾ȻԼ֣֮ǲҲ
ԼĲŵάֲס֪ɫʱɾڻʱͻȻġѣһѹ
û뵽㾹Ȼˣʱе㺦£ֲҴڵϣһȥӻҵģֻҪͺˡ
״Ʋ˼صͷָšţ̬Ȼɬպס¶Ļţ˵š
ǧɽǧ򻯣ۣ˳ƶ䣬˰ٽ⡣
һȡǧеĴһһˣʹԼ󣬵ֻҪûһǿ˻ʱӦñȥԶĵط
ӦֻԼĻ档
ĽëͻȻЦЦվֱӣָֻ֮ǰɵӣЦţƭӣȻʢƭӣСƭӣ޹
޹Цţ䣬޹
ҳġ˳ߵһ֧ͷߺ˵һΣ֪һΣҾһ
ҪͷŭûǮˣ޶Ǯ
÷ҲǮ
˭֪ء
Щ²˵Ҳ֪ǽˣͶ䶼ǴݲȵĹ橲ǹ⼤
ſڴ˵
ݺݵһ۹Բһֻݵĺ˲ʧǰϢһۼû¡
ÿĹ򰡡
橿˳ֱϵĴɸ̾š
Ŷ룬۾ţǿżϢҪͷôɢˡ
Ѿͭǰժͷκһ˱治ûжˡ
ȥ̫¡ˣ򵥵Ķ١˵ţ۾䵽˫ϣ˵ôôණ
͵񼤶˵ţ˳ִ򿪴ù͸չ·ϸţӹȻǵŷ˵ģɫģһٰ֪¿ء
橿ǰոµ·ЦЦ
ǲ֪ԲԡչΧ˿˵ףȻǺʵġ
֪˵ĳߴءѵûգգۣһȤ
橺ǿתƻ⣺˵һ𣿡
䣬ֻ۾˲仹ǵסͣǿѹ˷˵ͷ
ˡ
ԭüƬ̣ͻȻɴ۾һЦ
˽֪ٹǰԼһͷ㷢Ĩľ࣬ζ͹ζΪơ
ףôԾ޾֮ɫʵ
иС֨֨ˣ׼
ӣû⻰ĲԣֻΪ𾪣ѾСŵþֹоһ̾Ҫӡ
ƭ㡭橰š
֨֨֨֨һϸ΢
һɫӰһ
񾪵ôһӣ橵ӣҪأкӡ
Ҳһֻǲֻʼһ̧ͷͿïܵͩ¶һǱɫ½ǣ֦ζ¶һ˫ɫķۣգգۣеĽһػ˻֣һգʧǰ
ն£ң
һ񣬼ǳĵĴκˡ
ءվڲŵöҪˡ
ʧЦջߣһŷֽĲһʯͷ
СӣʯͷŷС˵š
ԭСؿȥŷֽŲһССʯӡ
ǣôʯӰΪ˼ӣС˵ġ
Һ÷һ˼Ҳûʣʯôıܽġ
һ
·ɣҲ쿪ʼˡ˵
 
֪ΪΣ˵֮ĪƤʱҲ쵽ˣֻðŲ׼ȥᣬȴȼ䱻һѾײ׼˲ˡ
ۼֿסĺɫ壬õĻĲ״һ
㣡歴ŭѾѾǰŭ
ѾŵɫҰףͷϴ
ʱ÷԰Ŀ˶׼ţ˶ߵĶ歲ֱӷһɫֱˡ
ǹ÷԰ٰһﱾսսǲҳһ
·ˣȻô죿Ѿߵ˵š
歿Ѿ˵·Խ˳ʵռʱŸٹɲôۡ
һ֮Ů֪ηҶײⲻǸҶ
ӡͶ޴ʱһ
歲ͷŤͷȥ
ҼӻһǲѾ߶˹£нڵ˵ָָָҲվŵһλСӡ
һ㶣֬ѩڹϵˣŮء
ĪòһڸԹоһʯӣҰģҲ֮£ЩȻӦ£Ա򴽣ίܾĶѾɽȥ򼴿ɡ
Цӯӯ˵һһҲʱ䣬Ŷ˵ãͷ߰ˡ
Цţü۶ư䵭ǸҲڣҿɲ˷ͷ
ͻȻһɡ
ԭΪ橡
Ȼǵ鷳
ǾͶлˡæл
æлһҪһ顣΢ζ˵š
Ѿ߿첽ߵߣ˵ʲô歵ɴ۾
סˣȻؿҲһֱۣһѾߣԼˣв֮ⲻԶ
ɫ΢ס
 
ʱΧˣѰõȴӰֻôŷȥ˽¡
Ӧϵ飬ٰͶܶ˶ԶԶһȥˡ
죬߷ţˡ
ʧЦڽҲգֻǰĵ
ĿԲΣ
ֻδȵȴͻȻеӶߣԾ̧ͻȻԶվһˣ˴źԼһĴɫźԼһķ٣Ŀ⸴ӵؿԼ
歡
ôúͷһģһŴС˵š
üͻȻòԾƤ
ɣõ·ҵһߵǰЦ˵š
ջߣԣֻǵͷӦ£ȷʵ
õ·治û·һ࣬ʵ
λòɫƫϸ޶ˣǵǾɫˣƫƫһ𣬾ͻᷢ橵òһգ˭վ϶Ȼʧɫ
ҼġվҧĳЩ֣˵
΢΢һЦֲҾ죬ԭӵһ׸˰
áͷ˺ҴһҿɲˣҾ;úüˡ
ɫһ䡣
ô·ÿ
վĽ˿˵֪ΪҪҶ𣿡
̧һ˫ڵչ񣬾Ө͸峺
ӻһ𣿡ʵβοһĵЦ
橶ϸϸ
歱Ŀ⿴÷ë
šʵ˵
ʵڲһ顣
歵ɴ۾
ȥ͹ȥˡ˵ţ˵ġ
ָ΢ʶĺɫ壬ĬƬ̺ŵòűˡ
ŵġ
ǰ歶ЦЦ
üͻȻһ㲻
ӵӸ˵һ飬һͺܿ¡СֹţһѵöŻɵֻ緢СɾŻһ鰡
ЦЦ˵Ķܿڰԭ´¿ߣܿƿߡ
ڳĬ䣬ֻڴһԭǹټģ˾ȵǣڹټߵˣȻº
ô͹ټһ𰡡Ȼʧǲǿ𣿡
˹ټڵĴ̨С˵ţҲ̨˴Ǹˣÿ
̴ǡ
һתͻȻԶ正ҪһʼʱͻȻԭ
ôˣ
źɫ塣³һ
ԭ
ʲôս֣ʵ
̫Զˣû塣
û£׿ûгϵɾʲôˡ˵ţĳĬ
֣ǫ˵ţҵ
ǫˣŮŮô࣬ǸԶһӮöͷʡ
ͷȫټʥ⡣
ôˣ˵Ҷ˵ãķҲһϸߵ͡Ц˵š
˵
۾˵ôᣬ˭֪ΪŮǵҽ̵ģɲ͵Ҵţȥݷ
һ
ü
ҸڿͿ̨վЦеİŲһ١
ˣټ롣·ЦӯӯŲ
Խˡ
ԭЦغ֮˵⻰ȴ俴ǰʱԭ
̨ϵսϵķ֡
ڴʱǰ˳ĬֲҪѷ˲ū֪ˡ
ٿػɫѾ쳣Ц˵ţȷʵû뵽Ȼ绨Ů
˵㲻ϸʵ
ѧ˵š
ܸܵټҵһֱϣԵĴ˼ڴðһ㱡
㵱ڹĵغ˵ЩһΪһ˫ȫŮӣֻԡĪ鲻ã˵޸߹ˡ
橹ڵ£򴽲˵
֪ټҽǰ飬Ϊϵ˻Ӻ͸ٹֻв޶ѡ
΢Ͱ˻˳ͻСܲסټˡƳĬ֣Լϡ
۵һֱϣЦһ˵Ӻͷ˶ˡ
ԭϢĴ̨ϵԾ˿ڻա
֪ߵغ񡣡̨ףһ
㵽һŻŮôܲءټһһתȻԸݷǣ
ٿͻˣҲǰԽ̵ء
ǫ˵ǹϻۣūûʲôϵ
֪ټҰʲôˡ
ٹ
̧ȥͼǽü۵ѹȻޱ飬ȴܲһ鲻á
ټһѧ֮±㶨
ǰ橹غ
˹
й˵ãĽ̵ǧ󣬶Ȼµġ֣۾˵
ѻ˵ף˼Цŵͷǳǳš
˴δ𣿡ǣһƥɫСĸЦʵ
橵ͷ
Ŷ˵ã궼ܰεͷ
ЩССëɣʪĴ۾ԹԵͷԴ
ÿɰЦ˵š
ǰ쿴Ůӵʼˡָָ棬Ц˵š
̧ȥ
ֻϳ˻ﲻʮλڣܿܿһƥسΧ֮˺ңĿ㡣
歡
ɡߡ
Σ֪ӲֻȥȻĸеߣЩµս
˭ȦȦΪʤ°ѾԶ˦˰Ȧ
ýţСº͵úܡš
һԼСܿ͸֮ܵ˵ķɣʼյ
ѾһȦſ̨ȥͷĻע˵ۡ
ڷһСĸ
̨ϵ޹ļҵ
Ӯˡ
ȥɡټҵڶ֡
һԭһֱעŽĶͻȻʵǸ˲壬ҲûƴǣӦ
Сƿ塣۽ǣͿϵĻƣԥ˵
ϵֻ
橿ǰһĻ֪ΪͻȻòӡ
ڿʲô
ʮһ緢Сɾ
ͻȻĺԼʼ̲ס뵽
ڴ˿̣ʷˡ
橿ԭ˳СĸͻȻ˾ӣͻȻŭǰȥ
ˣſ£ʧС
ĲɵذеĽڵݵУĿλá
ɫģ
Ǹ
δŵ
ˣ
ſ£
ǰʧ
о
գ۾ͳڶߣ˲æˣ׼ǰס
歴ԭأֻؿƥԼǰ֪طյļС
˶ס
֪ʲô裬Ȼֱֱײȥ
歱ײˤ
ѡ˭ֻǵ
ΧϵһŴ΢΢˻Ρ
ʶְߡ
úŮ¡
ûʱ˼
ͬʱֻߴƥصһ
˲


32 
һƬž
Ǹû, ڿвļ𷢳Ҳֹ
橱ͻȻֹͣ͵˦˳ȥɫһƬʺķҶƮƮ˳ȥ, ˶ۡ
橸ܵԼ˦ȥʱ, ˳ŶϴĴ̹, Ҳŵñۡ
˻޹ͦءΪԼˤͷѪʱȴߴһĴ
ҵֻܵһ˵϶, ɾ䡣
Сӡ
ڻ, ͷȥ
ֻҴŴ·, Ǳһ˫ɫ۾չ, 
Цۿʱβ, , úֻ˶Ƿ, ֻԼȥ磬ڵˡ
ѱҰ˳
㶵ؿˮ˫ŲɢȥĲѿȻûĽ䱸¶һ档
ȫǺ޴κǵĴ, ݲһĴκȴΪ˾Լǰ
ĽķҪüʱ, ޷ˣ
Ʋסۿ
Ϊҳһٸ˵Լɵʱѡʱѡȴ֮ȥһ̡
˵ûйϵ
ѡ
ɵʵ˾޴һ
ɵﰡ۾˵ţ̾һ˷𣬺ܿͽŴҴӿɢ˳ȥ
ΪȥҲϢ
ˣˡȺǱؼ˽һɫȫȫβվţһֱ΢侲һβµĺ⣬пһ£С˵ȥ
Ⱥӿÿ˶ԱɫֵĿϣһּ̽ȴְһڵܲʧ̬ģ
ӲƽĿ⣬ĸ׸ΪĿ⣬ΪԼѾһͭǽڣɽȴöյķ紵ۡ
񼷿Ⱥ񶼻δָѪɫһ˫ֲطֱ
áһ򰮿ޣȴڴ˿˫ۺᣬΡΡغš
ٿػ
ֻķֱ˵¡
һϣ˳Ȼصڻϡ
ͻȻֻ̧̨վߵ˵Ż΢죬Ŀһֱϣֻǲţɫݣü۵ʹһ侲
״ԽִٵؽӹϣһֱЦü۴˿̱΢´СȰο˵ˣȻȥɡ
Ƭ̣ȴкηӦԽ㷣ָĦţڴ˿̧̣΢΢һЦü䣬Ĭȴᡣ
߰ɡ˵΢š
ȴûһԽ
ˣˡڴ˿̼
ʶս橵֣߶Ƚš
ԭ˵ͻȻ̧ĵطڷϵ΢΢ս
ǡ
վķȥͷǹټҾӸӵĿ⣬死ſ־֮
ܡ
Ѿߵһˣǰ
ֻǣ
йˡ
ܿ죬ԼҪĴ𰸣ƽºͿףһ
˿ˣ÷ūˣҲֱ¹
ü۵ʹЦŵͷ˷£ʧйܿƵġ
˵ĻɷūˣūȥɣҽѾˡɱϥ˵š
ˡº;ܾš
һҪģһҪġǶԼĹΪΣһ˵
ԭһֱԵȴڴ˿̧ڵ峺ֱֱؿǰ֮ˡ
Ųסϵ鲻֪ѿ
ˡ˵˫㣬һ̹͸ܿ˵ȥް඼޴Ρ
һºͣ綬㹻ҫۣȴҲɢȣ˼޴Ρ
ģʶԭ
ģĳˡ
ͬһ˫īۣЦ紺棬˵ϸһˮ㹻㣬ˣȴڿȻʱ¶ƽˮµĲӿ
΢Цȴƽ͡
ý㣬һľ֧Ҳ
ǡջߣǵһ˲ʹâϤ˹ȥֻǸֻʣƤңͷҲصˡ
ãȥĽŲ
ˣ
ôˣ
ָ΢һ㲻ƵĻ̿֡
ȥɡվſڣŶ൭˵
ŵŵվ󣺡ͷ˰ɡ
Ҫչˡ橿÷԰ĸɽͷҲصˡ
࿴ȥıӰŲǺãѾʧڹսǴŤͷȥӡ
ӡ死˺üжϵЦѾҲסˣȥֱ
ֱٿؽڲʶ˦ʱ񣬿Լĳ嶯װӣ֣ܾܿˣȥɡ
лӽȡС˵ţӻؿ̨𡣡
ҡͷ
֪ûˣӹȥ˵
Ǹʧȥķջأֱֱض歡
˫һƬţȴһ䣬˻̿֡
ܣһ¶ӵ𣿡ʵ
пһ£ϲԣֻǼװ˵ʲô𣿡
˵Żȴûаݸ
ü
ҡ׸ҵġһ˵ţһ߹۲ı飬һ㲻֮ɫʯ䣬ѿڶҵ˵ҪҲҪ˿
üɿ˵ðˡ
塣ҧҧǸֿµͷûס̲סѿڶ˵ӵҵʱǲҲ˵ҵÿ
ʳڣжʯͷһǵ˼
꣬ǽסԾ¥µԼѵĶԼһ飬űס
ò˵ʱڸͷϣ緢ɷ˫纮۾㹻ȡ˵İĽ
˵ĴʱյһĻ˼˱һ˿Ծ
ΪʼնĿԼϡ
Լ˵ĵһ仰ǡܺÿ
ʱôشġҸ׸ġ
ȷʵǸ׸ģȴǸģǸ橵ġ
˵˶ΪҲûһ˵ˣ׵Ϊƭ㣬ᱻƭ۸ҲɵɵЦš
ԣϽźãȴš
鲻ãƭǿſ־ˮ壬ڶմһ޵ĵ⣬Źۿ״Ԫνȥˡ
˵ǿʧ󣬴е˺ݺ𱸣Ǹû壬Դ橾ͺٳˣҲúܶࡣ
üţȷʵÿЩذˡ
ҲáЦ˵ţ̽ϵ̻ƿġ
ƽѩʱǣԼֳ˹ţЦ˵Ԣ⣬üʴʧš
ԵöʱһϲȴкӳĸҲһ෱ѹү
ϣƽϣԼĺһƽ
ʲôû壬ʶͷš
ȴͷͻȻһ˿õĲ͡
֪ƷδغãǺΨһŮ
ϣԼĺһƽҪһƽ
֮ǰȢܱһӣɺ橣Ż
ѡ歡
ѡ正أ
ͻȻԺоΥľʹϯ۵˼
ӡڴ˿̣ڶ
ǽȥͷ𣿡ʵ
ͷ¶Ц˽һ
ԭ˫ٸɵͫ΢΢Ŷ࣬һϸ΢ã֮ɫ
һԿУͻȻһ㼵ʡ
ƾʲô橣
Υķŭ
Ҫ˵棬еһΣһеڶΡ
ӲĲԾСʵ
ûȥɡݺݰԼ̫Ѩʹҧװ·ԸͶӻȥ
歲䵭ãǳɫԼ뿪ˡ
𣿡ʵ
ûСС˵иͻȻȥס˷ˡ
Աǻзһ˿Գ
𡣡˵һҪĴ󵨡
ҲȲ
ˤˣĻƽ˵öû
ΰֲֵ
 
橻˿ͷҽȺС
ûˣȥɡ橿վſڵˣ΢΢һЦֱӰߡ
ǵؿƽĲû𣿡
ûءվԺͩ£ĬƬ̣ǻؼҰɡ
һ£æͷ˵ؼңھͻؼҡ
ܻȥأʯϣͻȻ
ķһؿţһʰ·ԼҹĻ
ֱϻس̵ϣɿһɫ
Ѿϰ̡
ɽʱӿɽǧ㱦ǧ÷ְĬעɽµһС
㻹ǵǰǸ𣿡ʵ
˼Ƭ̺ʵҡҡͷͷ¹ö֣Ҳ֪Ǹ
橷ӣջ߿ЦţˣԺҲûȥ
ǸٹıԺԺûȥˡ
Ƶֵٰ΢΢ɢģߴߴ˵顣
СѾͷͻȻһԥ
۾һæƿϵɴŴ򡣡
ô˰Ŵѵôÿ·һ˵ȥ׾ˣȥء
˵ɡ橺Ц
Ҫȥ㡣Ŵ첻ߵӣһھ͸оԾ̧ɨһ橾ɫ΢䣬ôˣ˭㲻ˡ
ɿ񣬾ͿСѾͷҲ۾ˣġ
ôˣǸ۸ˡŴԭЦ˲ɱڵ
û۸ҡ˵
˵˵Ŵҵüë𣬡㲻˵һ᲻֪Сһһ֪ôˡ
˭˵ŭŷ
Сؿһ橡
Цӯӯز⣺ʲô
Ŵؿˡ
㣬ǡ̫ˡع˰˰پо໰ɿȴֻܲ᲻صһ㲻˵Ҳܲ
ĶְѼĶ£ȻƵ˵һЩٰŶǼ߲ȵ׵ȥĲûɫԺ۸
㣬ͷϵĶأôʲôɨķһۣ˵Ǹױҿǿϣ˷ģӻ㻹ˡ
´γűҴûУ˭㲻ˣͰҵͷΪֹ£ûˣǮ˵š
橴򿪳İͻȻЩۡ
Ľӡ
ʱΪκϵĽѲģƫƫĽӸﶼģδʹù
ŴôǮȵŴ͡
Ŵأ˵СǮα˾ȣҹﶪӡ
ŷŴæΣ۾ȴ̲סƮȥ̲סü˵ĺöǮ
ϢŴѾҡͷˣƫƫҪһغ˵˵š
һӣ䲻ʵ÷µһǮ
ŴҲ֪ǱͻȻһµһ£ǱŵãԼһڿˮǺţء
Ҳ˵˵弤ʲô
橿ЦЦ
յ۾һֻۣȴɣÿЦе۾ŵۣȵԽ춯ء
ŻˣˣæһˮŴϸӡ
û£û°Ŵؿųڣ˫۽գ˵ôôΰ
·ðɡ˵š
òáŴһˮ̧ȥͼ橻ЦӯӯؿһˮҲǣҲǡ
ôô˵һˮ侲ʵЩ׬ģɸɾװס
ţ㲻ǣʱϽץߣҪЩ˶ˣͲһ㣬ҾҪ˸ĨӵĶֱָĪ⣬˵ҵøƴŻߵʱɲԿǻʡĶ˲Żؼء
ȥҲǺ̲סüʵ
ô˶ˣģҼ񵽲ҵŴԴǵ˵š
Цŵͷ
ˡ
Ŵֻ˻֣϶ᰡôʶ÷أ
ôʶ÷˵ģһתʵ
պýӣϸϸ·Żصġ
˭˵ġŴŲŲֹţ˭Ŀô󣬿ҹ첻ͷ
˼˵÷˸ʲôϵ橷ʡ
Ŵٿر죬橺Цߣ˵ҾǼ顣
ߴﹾ˵Żੲݡ
橿ŴͻȻһЦ
ЦʲôŴۡ
ûʲô橰Ѷݻ̫ˣ֮ǰҲ֪ô󡭡
㣡㣡ŴͻȻǸģǸģ㲻ҪҾֱˡ
ؿѶֱơ
Ǹģұģġ
ʱҲǻû𡣡橵˵š
Ŵԭء
ҾˡŲӷţԺиСﲻ𡣡
ֻǳۿ
ƹˤ˵ֻҪһؿٰû˻ῴ㣬ҸôӣͿСвС
ãҾͰŪǻһ˵ţǱһвС
ڳĬš
á³һЦ˵š
ŴҲһվˣȴܸˡ
Ҫˡ
Ҵе飬ǾͳˣС橶ٰӡͻȻ˵
Ŀ
ʲôʱ
˭֪أˣɡ
á
·ڰҷ¾ͺˡŴĨһţһҪչ˺Լûйȥ顣
֪
˭㲻ˣˡǰ˻ȭͷǲ䡣
橿һЦ
֪ˡ
ŴŵŵķȥǱϵš
Ҫϣ
ĵһ˿ܿʧ
ظɡ
  
Źܼһ˱ԺǸ˵һˣȴ˾
¡ף˵š
ô᲻£˵ѾؼˣҲ˾ţΪǸ޴÷԰ǡټеָ̾һ
ǹıԺҲ̫ˡܾš
ûƳ֣˷˶ˣн޳ҿǽվͲпţ÷԰֮治˭ܵġ
Ҳû÷ˡ
ɫ䵭Źټҵĸ̾ɫģΪ
һΪأôӣۻһתЦš
ֻǽѡԼƽ˵ʱû̫ࡣ
ȷʵҲ֮飬ҲҪ˷޸ǡټһȰ˵ˣϽȥ˰ɡ
ǡȭ뿪
뿪ϵЦʧޱ鿴ȥıӰ絶
ȷ֪Ǯ䣿
ǲ֪δءѵµȲ𣿡תһݣհݣһ˫ǲҲࡣ
ǰĦϣκµۼλλȣǷʱɵطţվɵ
ɫһ
ҿΪӣѵ˳歡ۣͻȻһ㻳ɡ
һ飬ף飬橻ʱһ˵̬ҲΪɫ
ʲôʱӡתŰָ˼š
ټǾ歲ԡҾʵ
бһۣЦţ㲻;ò𣬲ôûͬ·ء
΢΢һЦ
ǿƥ۵ϧš
΢ֻǾúɣ歳÷Ůա
˵ɫ䣬ôĵӡ
ټҲŶŭ΢ҲֶѣʱôͿ正Ҫ˵ÿɱΪɫһҲǶӲǡͷͺ޹ϵͬͬͬ˺࣬һֻһɺء˹˵š
û»۲ü
ձ歵աζ˵ţǲǣ̽һ²֪𣿡


33 
ظʱ, ɫѾȫСԺһ̬Ϩ˵ƣֻʣ¹յС, ˫̥Ѿվſš
˯ˡԥ˵
šƿߡ
ָ΢, ״Ʋʵӽȥ˷Ϣ𣿡
ˡͷ, ѹӿĳۣ˵ȥ鷿
ǲյŷ⡣ʡ
񣬰ƽ鷿, ˵, óܺż, 򿪺ϸţɫ࣬ͷ˵ˡ
ʦܳ˳
ɫ΢䡣
ж
һ͡
ָ΢, ƻüɭ, ̲ס¶һ˿Цϸ̫ƽ, ʹ
֪ǻδյеܼ, ü
֮ǰΪ̸ƽУҿδ̫פĿ򾫱Ӧûǡ
һƬĬ
Ҫ鱨, ټôղֻѲڴսŽһ, ⲻ֪ʶθڣ𽥲ڴˡ
ȻҪװƣӱʵǾͱƵò൭˵
žԺ⴫һŲ
۾һѹŸ֮ɫ˵Ƿҩ˰ɣ
ü۲ȴʶ̧⡣
ȥţȴ̨վŶҩķ
Ǹ˯ѣһջѹһΣ۾ˮġ
ô㰡̲סʵ۾ŹŴȥ
ýģֻվ̨кŶ
أһ⣬۽һۣ첽̨̤ףСʵ
һ£ҩ໳ҲûӵˣֹֻţˤˣϥǶˣ۵ġ
̴𣿡һǡ
Ѿ˯ˡϻ̲ס˵Ǩŭص۶࣬ҵûȥ˹ˡ
ˡ׻˳֮Ťͷֱˡ
໹ٺ˵䣬ͱһڣֻõͷҩ룬ͷɥػӡ
ȻĻһܵγˮ
˰ˤˣˤˣ˯ȥġؾؽš
ҩֱߣͼ治ɫҩ룬ֱͷȥ
ҩ¶ȣȲ̿ڣɼ֮ǰһֱ¯š
ɬζʶȥ۽ȴһա
ŷַû׼Ķʾ֭˵ˣӺȵˮڡ
һˮŷֺѱ䣬׼ȥһĸ㣬ŷָͱӲʵ
ЩСԼ׼ģһҲһչӾͿʼԵô˳֡
ˣĿζʧʳڡ
æҵطźò͸㣬ͷС˵˵ˤһӣϥˡ
Ŀ⣬ϢУ۵ͫȴ˿ûķӦ
ֻǳĬţһӲĵܣںڰϢغš
ȥ𣿡ԥƬ̻ſʵô˵Ҳ⡣
Ųҡ˵
Զԡ
ԼķĿ£ǰδ޺ýȢѡǰߣ˭ܲסĴ˵ڴ֮ǰôӡ
Ϊβͷ˵С˵Ըƣһӵġ
Ҵ￪ʼ˵̧侲ʵ
ҺҽһʼĿĲĿĿҡ
ǴӡԱк־ʼζŲҲ歡
㶵ؿ
Ϊ˶϶ӾǺ֮Ů̲סʵԸƣ÷˾ɫòϻ쳣ˡֱԡ
˲Ĳҧ˵歲δһФ֮
ͻȻ䡮ɷǽ򣬷ŭȴ̡
˵ֱӹڵϣ侲˵ӵִҽףǴӽԣҲǸᶨ
ȴǺһֿͬѡ
ǺүһͬƫΪүйֻ¹ڣ
Ϸ˾ͰĶӵ͸ճһչˣһӦöȶ룬ֻǶĸײ뻵ݼҹأһֱԾӡ
ôһֱ໥֣йڽǣǵһ˷ͻҲǶһζ¹
㣬ǽҪȥȴһգӲվԭ㣬Ҳ۸ǸϹ𡣡
޺˵š
೤̾һ˵歲ǱǰԲᶨǶעѪһʵ䷴аӴ¡
վţŵĿڶϡ
һ壬ǵ꺫Ե͸δĺӡ
˲Źֵ⣺Ǻɫǿ飿
ǡ
ʤȷǿ顣
ɳĮī̶ɣʼ亱ĻƿͼƶǺԵַ̣ڲͬҼ֤ĵȻһ
ɵ÷˲ǴźԷٶ𣿡ͼҳ©ţʬйԸǹ¶ġ
йǹټĸڴϳ©
ɵй÷˵ʬ壬Ǻӵʬ塣
ɴ۾ԭ
ˣһɫǵ÷ѣɴһУճһ£δ˵ĺӣȴǼ򵥵ġ
˭Ҳûģֻ֪ǸոµŮ
֪Ǻʱ𣿡
ʿˮɷᣬΨ־ҡҷ
Ǭʮ³ˡ
˭֪÷ºһº󣬺¾ͬ£÷Ҿ֮һ⣬Ǭһʮ÷˴źԷ÷԰
ǲǾ󡣡
һ˵
໺
ڳĬһƬֻĴ
ɥصͷҹɫˣϢɡ
ȥ˸ڵӣֻǸһţͿֻèٴ˳
ȥèȴֻһĿٻë׵èβ͡
ʲôζվſڣüʵ
Ҳ˲ĪСèڵ򶨾ȥʱ𾪡
ز֪һֻ
ⷿӲ˯ˡ˳ֹţ侲˵
üôˡ
ѽСèһ١ҧг˵Ӵ̫ûסˣⲻ֪ߵغСèʹźèèҰ
ԴԴӰ뿪òֵʹԽԽңʱϯ
ɫãСҹȥϢ
ˣȥ鷿ɡת뿪
ֻø»鷿
ڰǰڰ΢ţͻȻʵմ·ÿ𣿡
ÿͷ
ǰҪȢһһͬεŮӣϲˣ᲻Ҳν˵ĥ
ôԺһܿѧˡ
Ժ󶼲ˡ
ôءǿЦŰοš
̯һհ׻ʣһ
ҵԼ
ʵԼ۾ĻָϣţҲӢˬġ
δǰֻһµǰһֱֻԱʷΪȼ
ǰǸͼ
ȼʾͻ֮ƮͦεΣ/µɫСĽڷɣҪڿնȥ
ô࿴ǰԾȻֽϵˣʵְյر졣
ǰôǷþò˵
ϸòɶԣһƬڰ
ɡ
֮󣬶Ըš
Ҳ֪ˤϲءպûת𣬡ŷһҩζ
ü
´ĸҲ֪չܵû
Ҳ̴֪򿴹û˵ˡ
ÿ˵һ䣬üľͼԽ
 
Ժ˯ţиеվһˣͻȻѡ
ҡһϤڶ
ӡ橾Ⱥ
Ųɢȥֲǻδѻǡⲻɢȥĺۼ
ȥ
ӡ橾ȣճͿԼϣĴָϸϸĦա
ϴŲȫɺԵ⡣
ˡһ˵䵭ҹɫбһ䡣
ԭʶһ㿪֡
۵˲ʧտյ˲
ԥջ֣ߡ
˶Ĭ
橵ֵס⣬òСţӲ˯𣿡
Ϣɡ
ѾߣȴʲΡ
˶ܿյ飬橽΢ĹΪú·¡
˯ɡͳںڰ
ԭס˯ȴڴ˿ͻȻʧ֮ǿҵĴ޷ӡ
ӡ
ںڰۿͷʣͻȻСһ
ȴҲ˯ȥ䵭ţ
㣬ûʲô˵𣿡һתںڰеʵ
˲佩ԭ
һգ˵ûϵᣬŲɢȥıһֱǸԶŵˡ
ƭأ𶯣вͣЪʹȴؽţ۵ʶųš
ķһͷ۷裬ֻ۾
һȭͷս
ƭ
ָ΢΢ʵ
ۣһҪ¶ɺְܿͷȥ
øӹܣһ̶࣬ôܰеǴػյĺڰء
õİһ³ۣѹе⣬˵֪ˡ
Ϊֹֻ¸һѡ޸ڶ
ʵȴÿһǴġ
ǰˮʱϢУûԴˮǺǻϡĿķζʼһ۵޲ȫһ
Сʱ룬ǲãŻôʱǵصģ˵ѹѹ˽ȥڴ˿ֳҹɫ޼ɵð˳
ԭҲϲ
ڲˮУҲǸ׵ĺӣѡԼУת
ǾӸһɡǰС˵š
ٿۡ
Ҫߣ
ͷһһѻֱûе˼Ǹһ񾭾һͻȻϣĵӿֳһɱ˲ϯǡ
ϲ
ҲҪ뿪
ԭ泯ǽڱСͻȻ˹ȥţӰԼϡ
ɴ۾ǰ֮ˡ
ļϣѹۡ
ӡ 橿ݣʶԼǱһֻҰ޶ݺݶסЩ£ȥ
ס֣³ѹͷѹ˫ںڰԽڵƽ
ڱǼ⣬һʪ䵽ϣԭһ֮ɫȴͻȻ׺˺ҧĴ꣬ҧһмζ
ţȴʩԸ׺ݵ̬š
ֱһֻ˳Ųϸϡ
橵ɴ۾
ֻҪһԭʵʵ·ɢ䡣
Ʋסغۿ
ô
ŭ߳ռҵԺֻݺҧ촽ֱѪ˿䵽Ĵݼ仹ɿ
㲻˵ϲŮ۾֪ͣ±ŰĶ̧׿ֻɽһܺãҲܺá
ԭ
Ҳһҵġ
㣬Ҫߡ
˵ŻǵѪ˳Ų԰׵򦻺䣬橵Ĳ˳ϸĲʧڿϡ
ۣǰɫã֮ˡ
ˡ
մϣͷԺ˵Ļˡ
ˣΪʲôҪʽ
۾ؿƲס֮⣬Ʋסûڲ
㣬ϲ𣿡ǿеѹʵ
ûϲļҡ
ԭü
ˣ
ܿ⣬ֻȥʪһƬ
ֻؿڼϨۣ㿪֣һƬ
ѿļžС
ֻſĺҵȥȴʼûһο˵
˵橡
жȻһɾ޴ĻȻǴ΢Ļ缴Ϩֻܻҿڡ
ֻǱ۲˵ؿš
ˡɿ󣬰Ĳְ˽ڻС
Ҳǡ飬ֻ˵ٶ໰ҲͲԼղŵĻΪֻܵĵ˵ţ㲻Ҫߣòá
һ͵ġ
ûƭ㡣
һĥֹᣬźҹеһطʧ񣬾ŵĲһܡ
ҡϲ㡣
֪ʲôɵߵĻȴôҲ˵
ĸ־һ޴ʯͷѹȻһ㱩¶ڵеս
Լ٣ȴҲ̤һҲԸˡ
ǽһ㡣
׼ӭ㡣
˶ޱ߼ʵĺҹгĬţ֪ԶԶһ㼦֮ŵļž
պ󡭡³һĦţϣһȥϵᣬһһ𰸺òá
һػ֮˵һгֵ;
ǰʮΪ˹ΪݼңΪǵ΢ȴòǴС磬ֱֻߵСȸӵ뻳С
۾
պա


34 
橵һƬ, һҩһš
ϥǻ𣿡һ, Ŀȡ
ϥһƬɫ, 
յ𣿡۵ֱ, Сʵ
ҡͷ
ʧصͷ
պգҲˡ
ŵ˰ɡСط¿ȣο, ϳСʱ˵Ҫˡ
̣һ, ȥϵС, üʵ
Ҳ֪ö˵ˣҶŹټʲôʱѺǰءʰҩ, ڽš
橷鳯ϦСûһϢ
㿴ϦСǼǵյگ̨ɰٹ࣬һҲûᵽǰߵ顣
һ͵͵˵أ, ô˵ҲǴ°
δҲ֪橺ϱֽ, طš
һ, °ͣŶܴڴС֪Ҳ֪Ӧֻڵ˵˵
ҥ԰ɣ֮ǰ֮ǰ͵͵˵ʵԱԸǿ, ټҲԸ⣬ǲҲǶɵ˵Դһֵù
橰бֽһҲûҵԼҪģֻúϱֽ, ˵Ҳ˵ģģټ޶ɻճĸĳٰ⼸յ۱ǡ
ټǲ᲻°ԥš
򴽣̾һݾʱ̡
ô
ԭһֱرΪ˷ݣĵطԭȶԪԪެϸΪƻƽһ鶨Ųòͬʱɳҽ֡
橶ЩĿȾһ䣬һ˿졣
һеǴ
ǽڻؿ𣿡ţȥ˾ԶЩǷˡ
ʧЦԶ룿潻սǵһ֧Ԯľӡ
ϣҪ̰˫ֺƣš
橾Сһǲ˵
ǾſҪˡ
ٰͻȻ˴κϸ̸͵صı䶯Ҵҳһ̬һеĲǷһĴսǰϦͶú
ˣӿĶˮֵſ𣬽ţһ÷׵ĺ˽
ԭŵֱӡ
ǽ͵ɡȸԾţæֽӹˮеĶ
˵ֿҪС̴򿴿ˮֿϲ¶ĺۼǡôѯš
סЦҡҡͷ¡
ˮֵͷĿ橴ϵ˿ڿȥԣܿ˳ȥ
ˮֵֹġŶС˵ţ϶ӡ
橲źӣﵭ˵ţΪţԺעһ㣬Ҳԡ
ŶڨڨӦ£۾Ͱ͵ؿźӡ
Ư氡źĶ̾
ʱһ˫ԧϷˮͼϸܣ涼ͬһ·⾫¡
橰ֵطĿš
ѹһţǵϤıʼǡ
ڻ
ԭЦڿʱ΢΢¡
˵ģš
ǣֽü˰£ҲýˣҲûȥˣǡ
Ѿŵ߲ˡ
пһ¡
ˣϴεߵżֻһ˫֮ǰõĻϥ·óʹһͻȥѹеľ壬д˷ţֻ˾䡰ƽ
ܿʰö˴еŷ⣬Сķźá
㣬ʹһӣ鷳͵ƤӲ֪Ϊγһ¡
ŶǰԺȥ
ߺûãһèС
ȥС
СèϤžͿһֻɫӰӳԼ˹˳Լȹ
橰ɪɪСèס
ôˣ̧ͷȥࡣ
һʼЩ֪ԣɼɫͺܿ׿ǵΡ
ʵ̫ˣ֪èѣӵŪһ㣬һֻڴϣղȥѵֱ֣ߵĲߵˣֶ̺ˡ
СèԴһ١
󼸾仰ǹģСèȷʵߵ˲豭Ӽʱ֣Ҳûˣ˵껰ȥˡ
Сè£һڸįӲҪƽϡ侲˵ţҩæӰɡ
˲ȥԥš
΢΢һЦȴ鵽ǵ˿ڣ۵ֻ̾һˣﻹ˱û꣬ȥ˸ࡣ
վ£䵭ıӰ
ӵ״̬һ
Ѫܲ˵ɫǷϣмǱκӶҹһ仰Ҳ˵ֻŽڣСèԼԺӿˡ
һһ£ȷ֮⡣
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˶żģôûӦ
ӵ׺û
˼ţͿǰһƿɰƿ
ʲô橽˰û˻ǰЦš
ජʧǵؽӹƿĥĥ󲻿ߡ
ôˣš
Ϊһϸ޲һ߰Ӻͷ˰ָҲ֪ãֻýʾ֭⣬ɵɵ˵ʲôʱ
պ󡣡
ɴ۾
Ҳպ󡣡
԰ôˣ˭Ҳպ𣿡Цš
ȷʵһ֪ģɵɵ˵ҶӵղҲպ𣿡
΢΢۾˵Ҳ֪ҴӲ
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˲հСţһƣǽպòð
橿ҹ˵պ𰸡
Լ˵ģ˵ģֱʵ
֣Ӳ֪ҾԼģˣϾҪˣ֡
ЦҡҡͷҲ̫鷳ˣҴӲﲻϲ
㶵ؿ
ɷѾ˰
Ц⻺Ӳ̾һ˵öԣѾϰˡ
̬ȼ֪ȰΪѣ޲õͳ߰һ𣬰Դ˵˵
ټңɵҲֻڨڨӦһ̵ˡ
һֻèƽʲô鷿ڣüǳţǵ˿ڲЦʺ˿ڣ˵Ŀ
еĴƿϣ˵˵ţΪèץˣҩء
ӵһ١
˳Ÿղŷĵطȥ̧ͷȥüЦһʱѧ滰
üͼƱţûأǷˡ
졣ĻǺУȥ
ڨڨ죬˵£ټҸոٲ빬ĿǰδصפصĽһͱлˡ
˰ϢҪƵùټѡ񡣡
ǹټѡսأ
ĬţеԥòһţǾֻܱŹټҳˡ
 
һڣ۴ЩһҪҵĽ
ҵü˳۵վףŹټҽĻ
ټΪξȹټ侲Żѯʡ
Ǹ컹ûͳˣҹ鷿һϣʱŻȥϢ
ټЦţѵµˣµҹ
ۡ
ټҶݼ˽⣬ϳ硣
򴽣б˲һۣѹƢ˵ǵС˵ˡ
ǰ߲ܳκɺǰһСС֣һǱض£ʱճˡۺݺ˵ţԽԽңҿˣһȺҰĵĶ
ǰһ˵ţкѣ֮˷ȻⲿѹסˣֻҪڲ£Ϳѹⲿ𡣡
۾һ
ǲͽҶһи׳нֺ̧ݺһѹ˵ţҲ̽̽Ŀڷ硣
ΪζҶ˹עвټҵš
ϳԭȾòһ£ǰշλҶһΪ塣
壿ܼҷʡ
ϳһöͬɫ壬ֻīɫѰҲǶһ޶
ҵ˵ţֻЩɺ̫ˣͬ꣬ͬһö壬ϳò롣
ҶòΪϸСɣϳƺȲˣҲҲȥɲζ鲻žòίһҶˡ
ټһۣ󵭵ջߡ
Ͱ˵İɣ
 
Ȼ˵Ųգһ绹׼ȥ档
ÿ궼ʧܣôÿ궼Ҫֲи橻δ˯ѣ۾ţϥͷСèЦš
ȭĵ˵ţһҪԵģҽ˳ĳﵱʦ
СèԴЦǿȥɡ
ˡӻ֣˸߲ҵˡ
ѧ˫壬СЩ츳ϸоãͿʼԼڣһ廨
ΧһֻСèˡ橵ͷСèë׵βͲԼЦе˵š
Сèǵؽһ
ѽôģˤ𣿡Ժн
ƿرԹţҸղȥ԰ȥժڹ䴦ܼײֻ˵˶ԲˣҲ֪ʲôˡ
廨ֲͣһ¡
ȥ·ɣѻҰɡС˵š
СԺӺͷ˳ˣѾûҩˣṳ̂˵Ժˣ⼸˶սսٷǰ˵
ˣժˡ룬ѻˮ¶ĻԲϡ
ŰɡͷҲ̧˵ţ߲ͣܿһֻè䡣
ߴѹʯ̧ȥֻҴ뿪
ɫҲһء
ַʲô𣿡̧Ŵ
ҡҡͷ
ô£ΪٰĴԡӲݸһĶࡣ
ҡͷҲ֪֮ǰٰʹǰ¶ǱʧݣȻܼѹ£糯ȴͻȻ˺ܶҪ󳹲£Ѱƥǰߣȼü֮
ڵɺ൱һɫ壬ܵõЩ
֮ǰȥμᣬһֱҡУ֪˵ۡ
ǵİ׮˵֮ǰҵļκ˶ſڡ
أʵ
˲Ϊڴڸء˵ţͻȻһ䣬ҲǷ˵ء
һ㶣ʲô
Ӳ֪󾪣Ƿ˵
֮ǰһ˵˴һ˻ӵ⻹ҵġɫãæţΪ֪ġ
Ƥӡ
ʵĲһ𰸡
ԴԽյԽü֡
ôƫƫǽա
̹һеʱ
ȥģɫãСʵ
ȥǿԼ侲˼Ƭ̺˵ţȥǵľݵ㣬ǵ˶ֻҪ死ǾͲų档
ݼҵľݵһ̣һھ˱ǵ֬ζ
ˣһްƹ˲ȥ
ҹУҵĵյ硣
ҵ˪У歴ʱе˿ٻͼȹӣɫؾ۸񲻷ƣ͵ݻĺɫѹȹڣ߶ʱʡ
˪һεĴϣöĿ壬ͻȻһ
壬졣е塣
ϴδ˳壬ŵϸţͻȻ۾΢
öĻΪƣöȻʵصƶΪ£֮վտͼѣĿ
ĦԸԢ⵽ʸΪϵ壬ü˼š
鱨дλӹϵãӸΪ˱ܻ飬ƳǵΪҪѧ޹ī塣
ｻյɺ˪Ⱥɢȥ
˿ѾʱҪˡ
԰Ŵ˸ǷƵػԼԺӡ
ſϣһֻƴͻĿöҡҷУĿһ㶯ֽͻȻͣԶ
歵ͱ죬ֱӴˣµѾȫһ
Ϣɾ
ü̸ȥ
֬еɳ©Խ
ʱǰؼҡ
ѵ龪һҹֻ̽һµġ࿴ҹɫѾֲָֻµĵƾǿһǹ
ӱˣǵ˸ȥˡϹܼҵ˳ŴǰãźԺҴҶˡ
ذ˾ȳһ㶣֤˵İȫ
ϹܼӦ¡
ʱҹɫв֪ʹȥǽǵɳ©˵һתһȦʱˡ
ٰڵҹɫУֲָĽֵֻԼһۼݼţֻеһƮǳ¹£Ӱѻһ
ϹܼҷһѪɫأǻ˰˽ٳֵַҪӳ档
̧ڵĵڴ˿һ˿â
 
󣬹ټҾͰѺջأȴһֱû´ȥΪһֱֹĴš
ưܵĲĺںҹԽɭɭ
ŵȶˣڵҲ
֪ڣҡ˵ĺ˶¼žҹкţתһѵӰ˸䡣
ܾĵġ
ſݶϣһֻƴϻںڰݷ
ٲҾȶһֻ֣һ֮ûҾٶһֻ֡˶ߣЦţеĵϡ
ĿԺһˡ
ŵʧУֻǸոճͱ˺ݺŲӣ˫ɷ۾ŵʧ
һҲ˾Ӹ£ע
㵱Ҫ鲻ǿ𣿡һʯϣ̸ļƣɱθ

ݶϵİԭ
歵ɴ۾
䣬ֻһ়ʮλˣ˺ܿһһɱڣ֮Ѫ
Ѫ˰ʯ壬Ѫζڷƣɫ¹ڵϣյõϰ߲Ѫˡ
ŵɫҰףû˿Ųܵһʯͷ
أΪβЮ歵ĺ˺ܿͱƷʵš
˭ģ֮ʵ
˴ЦһҾ͸㡣
ǺܳݺΪڹǰǲǻڹ˼ݣ֪ˡ
δ˵һĽ⡣
ɫâճһ˫Ѫȵۡ
üսе塣
»һߣƿŵ歡
ôǺŮ
վڽ俴źµ̬ȫ޵ˣš
㣬˭歿ǰһ̤ˣ̲סһʵ
ȥ˿˵š
ߵϳ
ಢ໰ֻȥ
Сġ˴󺰡
ֻڰðˣǶֱӳ歶ȥиֵû
ҧܿһܿͱ˱ƿ
뿪һ
㶼歳ȥһʱ䣬еĻҶΧչһѪ䵽ϣȾǼɫȹ
ŵڵ϶ãֽŷԴɣֻܿŲ֪ǵ֮˳
һǰ
ͷ
еİ˲ֱӡ
ָˣ
սȴֻΧߣгɫߣýݣ֮Ѫֱɡ
ͻȻ䵽۾¹֮£۾Խ
һ
۾δá
ܿҲ˷
űֻмٵĺ򴽣ȥſڡ
˵š
ȴµֻܶ󣬲Ը뿪벽
üֱܿϱ㰤һҺö˹
ҵߡѸֵҧ˵š
歵ĸ첲ҧ˵·
Ҳᡣŵαס벽Ҳǰ档
ǺĺӣԸɱ
䶢正һ˿ɱ⡣
歿һѵְֱ˳ȥǷĵת۾Ͷͷ
΢һ˳ȥƫ˵档
ӣһбŭɱֱۣӰֱ֮ն䵶¡
ȻƫˣȴҲź󱳹ᴩ£Ѫ죬ɼǡ
㣡ص正нʱĿֱ֨졣
ŵҡͷңҲǹģһҪҵġ
һʬ壬ǰȫǷŭˣŵɫҰףڵϡ
Цһ
˭ڵϵ
Ժڰ߳㻹һķﰡ
ųĵط۵׻ɢȥɷڵԽԵˡ
𡣡ҧг֡
ҡڵˣؿ˴Ҹѡɱ㣬ɱŮˡ
歵ɴ۾ضں
ĿⶼؿԱһڽ󵶡
ϵ˲
Ĭţսǰ档
ˣһôûá̤ڰɫУΧ˵ɱŲȴᶨɱɱ㡣
Ӹ¿΢΢˫ŵմЦ˲ɱѪȱ䡣
꽫ӡ
ҿȷʵϹˡζ˵š
㲻ɱңǡǣǺŮ歿һ߽ˣͻȻ󺰣
һ飬ֽҪվ
޺޵
޲ðɱŮˡ
㣬ӰӰסںڰУĿ䲻һ˿עһˣ𣿡
ǣ۵˵ҧ˵š
ǡ𵶷ڵϣǣɱΪ˱ȫǰ㿴⸱ģٿ塣
һġ
㿴һ˦ֱӵϣЦһ̫ˣҸպüԭˡ
пһǰ塣
ϸϸĦһȴͻȻɫ
ٱĻơ
ɫ䡣
ǲǣһҲ񡣡ȤؿƣȷʵϹˡ
˭Ҳ֪һǿվɱѪֱڵһεѪ
üؿҿɲ㣬Ϲӡ
һߵߡ
ʵ˶ٳ൱òƫƫǰˡһǴκ绽Ĵ󽫾һǴеĲмӡ
˭г֨졣
ֻ俴οڡ
Ҷʧ
ſڴһҵĽŲŻž˷ںڰԽԽ
ٸˡǰסҡҡ׹˵߰ɡ
˵棬ĮؿŶڶϱڲԫ正΢΢ɭȻôϲݣǾͼסݣ
歲ؿ¶һ㾪֮ɫ
һһֱ㡣
ĿӰֻܰ˶ԭãŵݴ
ʧһվԭ
ǰͻȻ˵˽㻹ǵ𣿡
Ĭţٿۡ
ʧضֱѱģຮ׵ĳ档
ſһ˯Сֱ졣
û
ƭ
橽棬ĿʧֻǴţ޿ײķ紩Ŵϣ
Ͳñϣġ
ޱţһӱڿнš
ôֿ̡
˯ǰͻأš


35 
ͻСԺʱ, ѾΪʧѪ֮УĵԼιǹᴩûѪ, ˿, Ⱦɫѡ
歵ǿ, üĽ壬š
ȥϳ̴һξ׳Ŀ⾫˵Ŀ, Ҫκ, ֻһ
ǡ
ϳ̴˯о˴ҽҩ䱻˿˹
ҹɫеĻشͬһֻ˯С, ֻϢ뿪ûãֻƺһӰںϡ
ô¡ϳ̴һͱ˵˹ûھŵһŨصѪζ, ɫ΢䡣
ӱ󵶿ںѪû, ˿û, ûж, ֹֻסѪɵ˵ţһţѪζԽŨ
ɫףɫ࣬Ű㶼û, µıѾѪʪˡ
̴򲻸ҵæҩóһƿҩ룬˵Ȼѹס, ÿһһš
ʶģоԼƺһõľ磬ʱĻʹԸտɭ˶Ǹź˵Ż˭øߴ
 

δ̳֮λ
ѾˣһֱһֻΪǸ֮λ
ǽչټһδɿڣºҾҪժ£ݼսҫҪڽձ
౻ڹſڣֻܹ·ҧһ˼ŲӸ·Сźš
ĺǽƺյ㣬ߵѣԸ˿ᣬֻǿһ
Żšһº͵
ԭһֱɵС˲佩Զת֣ǫģô빬ˡ
ֻ̧ܴͷȥ
ԱظţμߣȻҲ޳
û̫ȴģ
Żôߵ˿졣·ΪţվԼǰֻܿǵЦ
ԭŰ裬ۿ˵СŵɫҰס
ǰĺ𡣡
ǰ֮˶/Ļ˹ˮ
ҲҪ빬Цţձ¶һǳǳУЬʪˣұ빬ɡ
ҧһ·Ь߾ͱѩȾʪˡ
ѩԴ˵ǻδɨɾ΢ѩȴЩˡ
ɴ۾ǵ֮ʲôˣֻǵһ˫ůְԼ
Գͻ˱СҪŷӶϰ䡣
һαһߴ˱ڻУò˼顣
˵öԣݼѫΪĨȥֻĺֻǡСȼ̳֮λɣǽҵ
ںڰҪȥģʮ꣬ôģء
лࡣ˴ʱһһ۵һ
ǣ֣ʵ
ǡѾΪ̰ˡ
޴ҷ緶һЦģͰôһŰ裬Ŀ˵ĽôôСŰ塣
ɴ۾
ǰ֮գ˵˵Ѿ˹ɭˣαػҪЩԼԼȴԼ˱ˡ
һ㣬ǰĽġǣ֣ƸղǵѴȤǻþ
ǣҡһ𣿡
㵱Ȼǡ
˫û֪۾ͻȻðһ˿ɬ֪ľۣ۵Ŀţȴֱ˽š
۸ˣҪӲܣϾշסŲҪġ
ڰСУһ÷Ӹ
үô
ҷ˴÷ҳ˳һֻСèЦţƺÿһնܿЦ
㿴ҷ˽ġָɽľһҫĵ⡣
ҷɡ
ҷġ
ҷʲôᡣ
ҷ˻¾ҪˣŮҶϲкҾ棬Ůӣϣػһӡ
ƺ࣬ɱҲûйᶨ
һգ౧컹δȥɽѹõȺɽ¶âһ̣˶ģʼ
㶿ǰ֮ˣɣɽ
վ߲ɺ÷ˣϼܽء
ۿǰˣֻ֮ž޾׵ںϱһİϤ
Цüۣɡ
ȴ־Ϥѩ׵߸ߵıü΢Ц֡

ʲôӡ߶߶ţæͷȥȴֻһģģ
£ӺϢ̫ˣһͿˡϳ̴һҹû˯࣬ɳƵ˵š
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ˣԼϸչş̌ɫŷѾˣ˵̫ˣ²´⡭
֪ˣѾźˡɤӣɫ׵£ɫҲǼ
ҲעϢֱϵҸһ¡ϳ̴򿴵ֱߵ˿ֿʼѪ˵
Ҫ÷չһ¡óײͽҩˣ˵š
˺ӳˡü˵
ʵհ뿪ǰһ仰
Ϊʲôö˶˵䣬̬죬Ϊʲô̬ȡ
ʲô»ڵذӲ⡣
⣺С̴Ǳˣ
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е㼱ϻ벻ˣһ̯Ҫ
鷳ϳ̴һ£ȥ档˵ţ˲Ϣֱȥ氲顣
ǰԺ֮Ĺſ橵СԺͿСèһӸϵϡ
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ࡣ̧˵кš
׼һҴҶߵţɫһ䣬ҡҡͷ첽ˡ
ףǲǷʲôˡСè˵ţתŤͷСֹţ֪ҹӳʱ̲Ż𡣡
ô֪ӣü۵ʹʵ
;ҹģδһֵֹζСè䣬˵
̧ڰԺӣ䵭ջߡ
ˣոҩȥ𣿡Сš
š橵ͷͻȻʵϲ
ҡҡԴ˵ϲҾģϲҾϲ
Цü䣬֡
ȥҩСèУͷԹǲˣۣԺҪԵˡ
һֱ˳Сè䣬һ
ȥɣèʲô橰ƿСè̺Ķӡ
ߺԺӾͰ࣬ǰӣԼ顣
ü
ʵһŵһѪζǺվڹǰеζΪ
ʲôζˮһԺӾüߵѾߵ˵޹Ѭһ£ɱʲôԺ
Īһ
ȥ̧Цţ
ˮֹվһֻࣺǴ˼С澾ס
ˡ橵ͷл
Ȼ˭֪ˮĿĲֲòլȷʵֶΣ橾ķƽȹ֮
ҡˮǫƴţӳҩӵˣ˲ȥһ𣿡
ҡҡͷ⼸Ӳˬ÷ȥˡ
һֱˮͻȻ̧һ橣˵˵ĿˮƳˡ
һ㶣ͻȻ۾΢΢һֻ޹Сãβź⣬С˵ԭ򡣡
ˮּ״һתʼοţͻСū̫ļˡ
橵ͷ˵
ڶδͬ
иӣŻһЩˮѵö˵һ䣬ݸҲ̫ˡ
ӣ
ϵ÷ͻȻ㶡
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ˮּ״¡
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ҹûΪˣ
üš
ԺͻȻһ㼤ҵؿŸڡ
ӳˣˮʵ
Ƣˣȥ橱һܿ˼ŷգգۣҩ
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ˮɫƽ۽ȴǴһ󣬶Զȥˡ
Ѿṳ̂Ժˣһվ̨ȴĽ˷ǵĸоÿտĶƺһδʧʧ
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Ҹҩġ˵
һʱԥŲ֪οڡ
ڴ˿̣ڴӵɤӵ÷һ˽
̤ڡ
һƬһžŵһŨصѪζл֮ȥҩζ
æ˵
ת󣬿ǰһģԭ
/ϲһһİײ˿ѾѪɫף˫۽գجΡ
סҸʩ룬ϵĶƶˡ
٣Ҳ޷˼ֻһһǰ
ôˣְ˱ס㶿ڡ
˵Ȳ˵ˣԸ˵ɡ뷭ɣͷ󺹵˵š
ˣһôͰˡæе飬ͻȻȸпš
橵Ŀȴڴһϡ
塣
壬ԼҲ˿˲ģǰ顣
㶵ؿţĪĵһᡣ
ҹˣΪ
˵ӳˡûвСؿ˵
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⣬⡭ͻȻ˿ڣڨڨ˵ţȻػشã÷ȿ𡣡
Ȼ橵ͷ
еⰲüɫҰףԵüëŨڣһ
εʲôüֱǰ֮ˡ
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ǵЦ΢΢Ӳ
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֪ˡ
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Ҳ֪˵ʲôֻ붬ȼˣԲϢģټҲӼǴˡ嵭˵Ͷӻȥ
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䣬͸оԼȥ˶봲С
橡
᣻ζ䣬Լһ

ˡС˵
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ɴ۾
ôˣ橾ʵѵ˲õ飿
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ڴ˿̣ҹеĶżҴ˽
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۾
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ֱϵĺΪԽ¡
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ɳƿڽţҲǡ
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ӡ
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վںڰУҵĶĬãŤͷ뿪
ֻǽҹעƽӭ
컹δžͱ˿졣
漱


37 Ź
컹δٰ, յĹŴεڶҹ̵ڰĻʹ𣬴һѪ
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橡
̫ˣ𣿡
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ÿһǱգѪ޵ĳƺš
Ϣ𣿡ָսء
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˴򣬳ʮգܱգ˿ֻ¶·ϣϢֻԽԽش
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̫ͻȻȫļƻ֪ηԸȥ
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ݼѪҧгݵ³֡
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ɣ˿ȴʮ˵ͷһ
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켺Ŀݸϡ
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ģ橿Ϊʲô֮ǰԳš
ҹϢɫػشš
ͻȻҹֳìܣ򴽣ƿߣ˵֪ˡ
ࡣţȥ
ٿػæźŶ橺ͷͷͷҲصˡ
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Ļյ𣿡ĪľŤͷŷ
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橳Ĭ
˵öԡͷ̫ˣҺ˼롣
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鷿һ˺ѷεĿԣֱŻһѪ
£д𡣡˲ǵѪѩ׵ĴɫȥѪ˵
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˿ڸûʱҩķɽҡ
ǰǹټҲҵ˵Ļ񣬺յһߡ
Ϣһ¶ûʱ䡣
㣿ӵһ١
δ岻㡣š
侲زǲԼֱ֣һ׵Ⱦͣ֡
Ϣɡ˵
˵˶ϵһڲ̸С
ټұս֮أ˿ֻ޲·ĺݣǿԹã˹Ѹ´
峣Ӳˣ˵ȷʵϣϾǳ£һͷΪڻ羰ء
һҹ£ед£ųѾбʷһ٣ãţѵУ
ҶùټҸı⡣
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ˣˣ
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ˣټѾд¹
ĬƬ̣һ
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ǲǿ÷˳ˡ࿴ŸڼžСԺСʵ
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š
  
Ǭʮʮ¶ʮҹԶǧ֮ǵƻͨ
ǰΧѾսӶѾϳſڣвŮӶվڳͷض档
֮ǰټΪ˱ʾƽֻǧسǣǲϹսˡ
ͻȻսֻҧǰ⻹ѵáѵǴǣƷǿ油ǰøԶͷңΨּŭĴκѾ׽⡣
ս۸ոսϵѪ»£ǰ
һǧ٣һǧѾûˡܻ˵촽̧ǰĽᣬ𣿡
ժͷڵҹɫ
ûȣǾͶ𣿡ʡ

һ˭ӹ˱ƽţ˵İֶдȥա
֪Щ˵ġ˶֪˿ⱾδܴټУ˵ܲһϯϯ
ݡƬ̣ʿˮѣսɱ˰ѣһһ͡
ָ
ȥɣǶһ¡
Ҵߡڿտյ߳һˡ
ӵǣûҹģ·ϸûһ֧Ԯ
ݣЩͽճţޣûˣһʰǣһȺ˻ԪԶǧһҪݳһҪެ㡭ױͳȥ羰أҸûж
ŭţŭֱߵӣ㱾͸ˣʲôҲ㲻֪Щ˾ǳ羰ģʲô̯ӡ
ƣؿǰŭˣ˵ôˣôٰš÷˺Ͱ橡
Ŵ
ŴһǱһڵÿһƤɫ͸ɵƤֻ俴ԭ£˵ˣתġ
߰ɡͷ˵زסˡ
ѻ졣ŴվָղŻǸ֮˭ھ˵Щɥ
ٰʲô𣿡Ƣʵ
Ŵһ㶣ŭԽǸث֣ɱǧûõĹ⡣
ŭؽţĻԽֶڲ
ۺµȻʮա
߰ɣ֪нһҪ顣ƽ˵
Ҵߣ㣬㲻Ҫ÷𡣡ҧʵ
Ժչ˺ĿʧƬ̣˵ˣ橲ϲ֮ǰõһףҴ
óһ˷ףҲ֪ⶫǺǻֻԭõģ˸档
Լȥ͡Ŵľܾ
У˵֮ǰ̹橣ΪҲԼΥŵԡ
ңǡ˶٣Ҳῴ϶԰橺õġ
Ϊ㲻ϲΪֻϲ÷ˡŴеס
ﲻϲССһֻұڻУһҲޣСٴһЩغҵĶˣϧȴֻһ˳󡣡
Ц˵ţԺչˣչһ£ˣҵݼҹòãǡĲãɡ
ϵؿš
Ŵ۾ƣ˵ġ
ˣҲйߵģոǻˡ̾ºΣҲߣҵֵܣҵİհ
㻹ǵõ꺫ξǹƥɱʹ˵·İҲҵģҪΪһ
ˡſڵʿ˻ţǴں
ˡһͷվһŴչ˺÷˺Ͱ橡
ҪҪдŸŴȫۿɼڷ
ˣҲ뿴ЦЦ
СѾͷأʵ
Ҳˣͽġ
ǸѾѪȾɺɫĻ󣺡Ǻúûţ˵Ҫû뵽ûػ뿪úûš
ĿڵҹɫҲἫˣžͷҲصˡ

ʮ¶ʮߣϦգݼȴһƬ⼸˫ϸоţ˲ӡ
ҹԺڰͻȻѣֻĪһֲ֪δĻƤһֱţ亹ֹס
񡣡
һûӦ
´һˮʵڻҲСȥԺ͸
ʯűССţ۽ԼԺŵƻͻȻʹسǱȥ
Ҳ֪ΪΣ֪˺վһ
κ۸ǹ⣬Ӳϸּ
գֹˡ
ʬգǵһֱûǰ˷µġ
ֻһĴ˲ˣŶ䶼ɵġ
Ҳ嶬ĻĪʼűӶղסֻڵϣںصҶϣƵһ
˭˲侯
橡ųĵطɫ䣬𣿡
ųĵطȥǰ㱻ںڰоȴǽŲͣǰȴҲֻһصĺ
橡ĬƬ̣ǰǸȥ𡣡
࿴ֵӰµǸϤӰӰ΢򣬷ˡ
橿ŻߵԼǰ֮ˣ촽΢΢ȴͻȻ˵ҿȷϴ¡
ңҵҡɬ촽ͻȻ˸սҲ˵ȥ
վһ֮Զλã˫Ŀϣһĳµ
޴δζ֮ʡ
Ӽ丮ͻΧʧܣɽۿսԼͻٰѷŭĿ⣬ɴûһʹᡣ
һ˫ڵ۾ǲģ
ֻһһغ֡
ƣս֣ȥǰ֮ȵļȴֻһıա
ְ˳ĬرڻУ޲ðµĴ
ʬءƽʵ
Ĭţ󻺻˵κͻء
˿ޣ˺ѷΣޣȴӲһ޶ôСһֻƵС޷һ
һ޲ðѪУۣޣеһеĿѣϣ޳ʹ඼дߡ
İ橣Ҫˡ
ƣյϢǰ㴫ٰٰȫǴ󾪣һʱߣɸȴǸе־壬µκֱŵݴ
ʮգ¹ڣŴӽͻصٰ
ҷ˺վڵſӭӹ餣˿޵۾׵ģҪ˷Ųվš
վھ¥ϣݣźصĴ멣ֻǴɫףԽԵü䡣
ԶԶģڷ˹˺ѷΣʹ౯
ü۵ʹһֽ̤̤Լǰһ棬歿޵˹ȥ˱ڱϡ
ء԰׵Ĵ΢
˵ݸŽա
ĬĿͶԶȥŴֲ֪ĶָףѪ
ӡ󾪡
ӹӣһѪŵ˵ŵʮա
¶ʹ֮ɫ
սеӣָӡ԰֮ɫãõúܣѪծ
ѪծѪ
¹ڣͣҴϣټ˰ݣǿӴš
ڰοš
лй˹ġ˳˵ΪǴ塣
㣬ݣ
˴塣
ءɨһ֮ˣСʵ
˵Ҳ֪ݼҲû
⼸˵Ҳǳ鲻š
ЦһȺз׷
᲻ġڴ˿̣һɳȴĵ
Ťͷȥȴԭ
ľɫڴһذףͷֻһ׻Σϼӳˡ
κ֮϶Ȼʧɫ
˭
ٰˣȺ۷׷ס
ȴԭĿϣţȴʼղҳ
÷ˡ
÷橡
ǸеˡƲߣ䵭˵š
˻Ȼǵһ̬븮еҡ
÷˸ԶԶؿŰ΢΢񣺡þò
ֱӱָܿҡ
ƿߣҲؿǡ
÷˵ĿǸľϣѵĽë΢΢´һ̾Ҳٶˡ
̧㶵ؿ
ⱲӺǱ÷˻ǰУվڴǰðײͻȻЦҡҡͷ˵𣿡
򣬷ˡҪǰȴֹǰ
ݺݱۣͻȻüۺǳȥ
һɿɫһò˳ȥ
ټӵĴֻʣ÷ˣ˺Ͱˡ
ÿ˶ĵ˵Ҫңÿ˶ʧˡ
÷˫ϸůִڵľϣµʧɫʱҲȥˣҲ뺣ڽ
ֻܿ
¶֮ɫŨ޵ĵҲΪ֮ãǵµ÷԰֮
˶Ϊˣĺˡ
ѵΪ롣ſ˵
ˣһźߣ˵ӡ
ô밡
÷
һʼҿҾѹˣԽԽˣҾô󡭡
Żδǹ׵Ĺײģױϴķ׵·
ģⱲӣҲֻ͸һ
ǵõʱϵĸˣɫ
ҿҾ͸оҶԺıѡ
˵š
ɫ䡣
ⱲӴžˡ÷ջ֣Ťͷſڡ
֪ʱվſڣɫ㲣ϻŲĺΡ
橡
ȡ橣ϣһ÷ԶԶעԼĺӣƽȻһϲ
ңĬƬ̣̫ˡ
ۺᣬײײ
㡣÷վһ˵š
÷˿ͷ㣬źۣʿˮǵȥ
ҡ֡
һ㶣ԥؿ
ҡ÷ǿӲ˵š
ǿ壬ɴ۾
ͻȻȻԭǿ塣
й˿ϸˡ÷ǿ壬ͻȻ̧
δֻһ
ʧţ˻ơ
屻ݺڵϣķѡ
ûйټҪĶ÷˶Ű˵
橹ڵϣżŵϵ壬οһεỨ
֮ˣֻʣˣС÷橿ڵϼˣ£ԥţ޼鷢˵ʲô֪
߰ɡ
ͻȻֵ̧̿ͷڵǺ¡
ֱϵһѪ
Ȼؿ
ȹ㡣÷˵¶һ˿Ѫ˳ѩݵ°ͣһεεڵϣһʢѪ÷㣬һ
ͨһڵϡ
橾һŵĺӣֻȥѪôˣôˣ
ôͲҵء÷橿ǰµˣˣҲӲ
橵ӶѪȾˣֻܱ÷һһزӿѪ
һͣظţңߣ
Һµ÷ʶģҲµ÷ҡ÷橿ǰˣ˵ʲôʱ̻޵ġ
ʶᣬһ˫ֶھ
ɡ
橵ͷ
뿪ǰŮӲҲɫǸԼؿ
Ӳڵ
ԶֻԼ
ʶ֮ʣ̲ס橵
һǵĺӡ
뿪
𽥵ȥĿϡ
橿˫ϵ䣬㶵ؿţǴЦۡ

ڴ˻ѷεĿ
ĮؿǰһĻ˺ۿŤͷȥ
Ͳ³λ˵ˡ
ƭ˵ģôϲȴôϲ
ڵϣš
಻֪ʱƵ̨£ǿãȻڶķ
橡£Сĵȥ
ˡֻذο
橱ͻȻŤͷ㶵ؿ
ûмˡ
̲סŶ຿
ָ΢ֻڱ§ס
ġ


38 뿪
һҹ÷, ˲ڡ
µ÷ɽ߹ºԽѤãɷ硣
ɽҰ÷ڴζ, ʢ, ʢѤ, ɶõ
ŴվĹǰ˾һţ佩Ӳ
ȥɡס֡
ǲ֪ˣȧǷŲĺ, ڵˮ, һɵˮ, ʧضĹϵ֡
˵ͽĹҪֻ֣д֡÷ˡ
ȥ, ȴʲôҲֻ, ˵ա
橳Ĭ
˺һһա
, ʱ, ȴΪˡ
ԭտʼͲһˣɳ԰в԰Ρ
ձԤ֪֮ˡ
ѡسʱ׼
˶֪Լȶˣ޷˵ȥ
ֻ¶Ϲ, ΪСıҪѪ̾·
橡ûһ˿̿, ǰҪǣ֣ȴʶܿ
Լһ𾪵ģƮڿУֻĮƽ˵ӻȥɣз񡣡
վϣִء
ȥɡ橱Ϣ³һȵ
ž޴۽յʹյججյյҲһ
òá
ʵ÷˺һ仰һֱȻоı仯
֮ǰ΢ȴһػվǰľֻһϢСȸ
Ѫܿ
ǰֻ˵Сȸȴֻؿ޷
ȥɡֻظż仰ûб仯
򴽣ɫԽѩףһ˫ͫʧؿϵİ׺ϣµ㡣
橳ĬţֻǶǿո½׵ʯ
ӡãһŲ
еĽŲ橿վһˣͬʱһŨصҩζڱǼơ
崩ɫ˿źصѩ멣īü续ü۵ʹһ˿ȴʥķˡ
ֻվţ˵Ŀ⡣
һ˽ؽӴλҴɾľһƳ𾪡
ɾ˵
ҵĶ飬ڡ̧һ˫ɫ۾͸䣬ص㾡չ
ֱֱվţĿջŵ޶ԡ
Ҳգֻǽӹ㡣
ɾҲֻҵ𣿡ͷ˫԰޳ָʵ
ʱ÷һ棬޶˷ˣί˵
Ծһ˲֪̫Ѩͻͻš
÷˰Уʮ꣬ҲأȻԸ£Ţ˭ģɴ˿ȴΨһסʹ顣
Щ֪ǲǾͲᡭ
δʹ಻ٰ֣ϱӵĿѽԶ㣬ݡ嵭˵ţ÷˵öԣóȥ
൱ΪʩػһӵĽ÷С÷̤ÿһɽء
ŤͷȥһСɫƽȵ˵㲻ȥ
ջ橲̧ȥ
ٰѾȫˡע˫ˮ飬ˮӯӯ˫峺Ϩ⣬Ҳ㹻ˡ
뿪ɡ
ȥģ
شﲻȥ
ʯ۾ض૵ɶǼҰ
һݣؿ
ԣ֮ҡ
Ŀ̫峺κһǰ޴Ρ
ƿߡ
⼸סվ뿪˱ص߾ȫ˵
һ橹ֳݣɫƽ̬šһҴɾ󽾰ֻһҺ˵Ϲ
һ㶣ʶܿĶ
л֮
˵һ
л÷˰ǡ
˵ڶ
л塣
˵
橿ԭ֪ΪΣֻۿɬ
֮𣬱صٱ
屾岻ãվôã˵ô໰񣬾ѾɫѪɫʧɫף˫ǳɫȴԽҫۡ
֮Ҳˮʯ
÷˲ġ
̲סƿߣѹеľʹ
ӽڰɾָֻĮģͷתɽ
߰ɡСĿǣ֣˵㻹з񰡡
Զһġ
橿ǰ֮ˣ¶֮ɫֻʣ·ˡ
ְᱧڻС
߰ɡ˵
ս֣ͻȻС˵ȥģҾȥġ
ҡСġ͵ְƿͬʱһѳߺȻ¡
ԴͨһʯͷϣѪ
ǰһڣֻܿһģĺӰֻ橱˴οڼϡ
ɱɱ
ˣû˾Ҳˡ
һϤǰģģ뵽ͻȻһ¡
ҵˣɱ˰ɣ
ӵû˷־ˡ
Ҳ֪ðһ۾Ŭǰ˵֮ˡ
˵˴Ž׵ۣһƽüȴ䣬Ʋͷ˵Żʱƫƫ崺ģ
䡣
µĴڣŷͻȻͣ
δ𣿡
࿴棺ɳȥɽϿ
˰λˣ
ȥҴʦ֡
ɽ·Ͽġ
洫һɫһ䣬ٿ
ȥӲҪȰס첽ǰֻһȺСɳ̧һ˳
ɢڵıɫȹڸ졣
Ƥһ
񡣡ǰȥϵˡ
һԴѪʮָѪģ
ôˣһ𣿻һءһСɳʵ
СɳֱһҡͷһСԴĵˣҲ֪ôԼɽģʦֵȥɽϼֵģûˣһˡ
ڵϵ
 
ʱһſѹæ
յôأϢһ°ɡ
ڴһϤ
Ťͷɴ۾һ
С̴򡣡
ͣдҩıʣ̧΢΢һЦ
þòˡ
Ķţ崺硣
Ī
ټҵıԺ
橵ɴ۾ǡټҵˡ
÷˲ȷġ仺ߵǰӸµؿǱ˷ˣס
㺦ǡ
橲һǽ
ԴӼ㣬ټҾͶĴɵҲΪλȥԭ֮ٳٲ̾һ˵Ҳ֪ټңذ
ҡҡ׹
ϴصĽŲ
ᡣӻͳһ׵ӣΪϵ磬Цؿߵ˵һ䣬ƿһΪ֮
䣬ű˸֨һƿ
ټվ歱׵
㣬㣬ȻǺṲ̊ӣһͷѪĹǣݺݵ
橿ǰŭ֮ˣԭȹټģ˲Ժ
˵رģγһĽָ橷񺰵һ֪Ҳţôʱʧ
橿ŵԼǼĳб֮ⲻɶƵӿ
ݵĺһֵ
ĵ߶Ĵˡ
ܣ˽
Ҳ֪˵ʲô侲ƿ棬˵
۾
˵ô᲻ֻ֪ʣһˣһ֪ҵػŽһ೤ϵĻƿǲǹģ˶ƵĶѹ޵ͷϡ
Ҿ֪Ǻˣǡв֮ġҧгݵ˵Ŀдһ˿ɷг˹
ڴ˿̣ͻ
һģĿǰյ֮෭Ȼֱӵѳϡ
Ѹײɷڡ
˻δӦֱǶϵĽͷ歵ȥһѪǰ
һĽƳա
һĳҡҡͷһֱӱܵڰС
㣬㣬𣡡˺һᣬͻȻɫͫף񺰵ȻһģңҲѹ
ƨֵעǰ֮ư˵Ұ׼֮˭ֵܵ
ץסɱɱ۷󺰡
ſ֮ӿ˽
Цһ
һɨκƺХ汼ڣɱڿա
һ۶ϣѪһء
ԵˣֱӾСӣ橱ڻУڿƴߡ
֣䣡
ĿһɱīɫԽ貣Ѫģ
һְ˰ڻУһǰѾ޵ǵصļꡣ
Ǹκ˸橲ҪŪˡܻڵϺš
ҷ¡橵ƴ
šеľ޵һǽԻЦ˵ţС˺սѣСүŲ
еǱдһߣμ죬ȣǶһ˼ʹ͵Ľ࣬ƫƫлһ橡
ˣԸеϢˣæ˵
ɱ죬۴
ѾſڣֱӭУɱۣ֮ѪģǰڻС
šҧ˵ţлҪ˵
һز뵽ĺУëΪڿв
ˡ
صѪζڶ˲ץ·żʵ
ô˻ץסǰŵµۣԺʬҰѪ󳤵һֱӰⲫУһˤ˦ϣֱѵµ˾һһȺ
ĵţȫ˼ɱ˿ڣһ˫þˣһƥѪǣĿ֮η塣
ʼն˰ڻУʲôֻһһѪζѬ¡
Ŷ˵
һ㶣һа˷¡
ŷѪʺѪϣʵԳ˿ұ
ߣݲģ㡣ϥǰ˵Ҹ㱨ɱ
橿ǰ֮ˣʧѪ࣬ĴɫѩףԽԵü䡣
һμϣŵ
ڶμͤµȻѱ
μǺ«վԼǰˬʣ⡣
һֱ֪Ǵκˣȴʼҫ۵þϵ̫û˻ȥÿκһÿģǰδеɡ
ɽĴμ
֮ȴǸһѪֽڴ˿̳һ񳤵Ƶʶǰ֮ˡ
𣬴κɱ֮۵꽫ɱ֮ˡ
ҡ˲۵׵ĺ⣬סĸ첲Ŀ¶ɱֻûǣҲû
ʬա
ҧгݵ˵ţҲڻӵߣʬҲġ
ֻǳĬؿ۵ðһʺѪ˿
ҵˡǿʿǰ֮ˣ
Ǳ˵ͷһ£۵ָڲֻнҧŲڳ
˵ûɱǸŰɱģʱµ۵סȻһᱣġ
ΪӦҪȥġ
Զ֮ˡ
еĻ˵ڡ
Ϊˣ
ǡȥץ橵֣ȴ㿪˿ʹǵӿű˿Ҳʼһһسۣߣﲻȫ
橶ҡҡͷ
𣬱ˡС˵ҿܡ
һ㶣̧
𣿡ˡ
ȴŲʣֻ̧ǿؿһһ˵ңһ㱨ġ
˿̧һֱⲻĺӲ˵Ҳˡ
ҲҪսסǸ橣㲻ܲҡ
ĵͻȻðһ⣬ǰ֪޾ܣ͵ְƵڵϡ
Һ㣬ǴκˣѶɡŴڵ֮ˣ˵ҵС
ûеˡ
㻹
һۿ꣬ͷҲصˡ
̤ԺʱڴһƵŲһ٣⣬ǳɽȥ
õٰڴ˿ѩˡ
ëѩ׷׶£Ⱥ鳲橶һɽ·ţֱɫ谵ſµӰӡ
ѱ䣬ѩӲֻľګسǵȥ
ŴѾõͻȻ̧ԭƺһ΢ĽŲ
橡Ҳ˲̨ףײײ˳ſյĵط󺰡
ͣԭϸţǵϸ΢Ҳ÷еǹ÷ζ
橣ġãȻվԭĿһǿغš
۾ŵĵطվһˡ
Ŵ멣ɫѩףѩֻǿŲԶˡ
ϲ˺ö꣬ɽվŮ˼һ⵶̵Ѫ죬޷
ǵѡ񲻼ǲһоͲˡ
ȥ
ﲻ
ǳĬԵӡ
֪ָڲǰһȴʯʣҺ÷סʯûǱ
ҡվԭ˵ţԺչġ
һκ
һ㰧֮ɫ
ϲ𣿡橵Զ
橡ʶ̤һȴϣǰǸ̨ףڵϣĿڴֲڵʯ·ϣһ˺ۡ
橿Ǳģվǰһְ˷
ְקģеĲѾŵ˼ش⡣
ߡС˵һ㱨ģߣһᱣġ
һʧǵĺӣ˵Щ˿û֮˵ĻӦ
ֻܸܵͳһӣСĹġ
Լᱨġ
橵˵
׼ȥס󣬾岻ߣʱ䣬һ㱨ġ
˵öԣվˡ޼ҵͷ
ãҶģߡֶۿɼز
ϲһֱ緢꽫ǲŪƵĳͳһӸϣú۾չ˺ýͷ񡣡
ţȴ⧲˼ڣʱѣΡ
˯ɡ
һϵ֡
𣬱ߡþȫȴòڻؿ뿪Լһ뿪
橳˰ƽڣһǰ֮ˣһǡ
㲻ȹҾͺˡ
Ŷߵ𶯣εѡ
橿ѩֻб֮󣬾һǹ鴦̤˳ȥֻߵԺſʱֻҪһ޴졣
һŤͷȥ
ֻڵյƬԼ̵Ѫ죬ڵϣվķһδεһδվǱ
ѿһѪ˿Ⱦѣ˳°һε¡
橣ߡãȻؿΧǿһɳƺš
Ҳĺ
ʲôҲʲôҲֻһʧԼǰ޴Ļ̿վʱԵãȻִ
ֱҩЧӣڵſڣݺˤڵϣسʧȥĵطȥ
ߡ
ˡ
ʱš
ʼգֻվԺſϲޱؿ
ҹѩݵļͷ˫ۺῴ
ӻóǷѾã½šֵӣ籩ѩЯ뿪ͻȻЦЦȴͷҲصˡ
ˡ
һ̤µ̨ʱͻȻоͷһɡ
ôġ䲻
橽Ųͣ˳ɡԼ
Ҫȥģ㡣
ҿû㣬㱣Ķ
ͣԭŤͷƽʵϳ̴֪𣿡
һ㶣ϵЦ⽥
Ϊ˼䣬ŪˣѵԼҲȥ𣿡ЦţϳǴӣһ˿á
Ц㡣
˵Щֱ뿪
һЦûЦ⣬ֻǳɡ֡
ڳ⣬վɽ£ãȻؿܡ
ҽҪȥɽ·áں˵ţ㻳ˣȻ£öԼЩˮ·̫ˡ
һ㶣ʶԼĶӣ֮ͻȻޣѻδɾѩ֮ҹʹʹ˳
мˡ
Ҳһˡ
֪иطϢҴȥϢ̶ߡ
ҹУü۵ʹǰ֮ˣһֱɡվֱֹŵ˵
 
ڶ컹δѾѰ̶ӣ׼ȥ
̶Ǹ壬ǴһŲ˵аɣС̴ˡ
лЦӯӯл
ˣˡẓ́صͷͻȻŤͷһԽܣȥͶݣǱɥ
֮Ҳ׷׵ͷԶԽܡ
ǸͺͬСϵİТδŵܵιµվţûȥһ£ֻæסܵܵ졣
ܵܲ꣬Բɰɴõ˶ڷ
橳ĬţϵݸǶԽܡ
һ㶣ԸĴ멣ŵҡͷ
£˾͵òʧˡϡ
ͬķġЦţԼ˫ӵˣϺûкñġ
橿ȥĽܣ͵˵ٰǺǶû˻࿴һ۵࣬˭ϲǣֻܱŢû
ŤͷȥĿ
ԣЦЦü䣬֣Ҳһ¡
ʧضǰ֮ˣʿˮֵƿߣϵ磬ͷظϣ޴
ҲãҵȻȥһæ˵
Ǯ˳еɡУ˵´ΰҲҪŵԼûкñġ
ϳ̴㰡š
ɨһۣ³һ䣺ƨ£ˣչ˺Լ
Ŀ뿪ֱʧǰ̾һ岻˼˵˼Ҳȥˡ
廻ẓ́һôô鷳˾ȥģطȥ
ͷˡ橱˵ԼѰ·ȥ
Ǯҿɲˡ徯˵š
ȻҪЦŵͷȥֱӳɡ뿪ˡ
ȫ֪Ҳٰ֪ȫǳҪٰˣΪҵ
£ѰһǰݵĴ󴬡
Ҫȥݵȶ
һκϵ½׳


39 
ٰ괺ע̫ƽ
ʮ餸ͻٰ, һݽݱκΧսһ
컹δ, һҹѩٰǱһ쾪ѡ
ɽɽ, ·ׯһ֧·̶ɽʯĹЮ, ֱӱµİӵС
ʳ˾ǰջڳдѲ൳һֱæž;ˣһæýŲմء
졣ԭɽ·һȾѪİҴĻǲǾ
ݼҵļһա
ʳ˾ͳɫ΢䡣
ý, ɲһҪ̶Ӹ·˴, ֪ȫٰһ, Ǹǡǡݼйء
ʱٴλصݼҡ
üΪأԴǰ»˿ӳϵĸڻ
һιҩ, κؽҧһҲȲȥ
ͷ󺹡
ÿһǳ⡣
, ͷڨڨغţӡ
վſ, ۿŲлԵ, ˵
ԥ룬ɨһѾ΢΢͹ĸӲͷƤ˵ﶼҩζӻȥϢɡ
Ѷϡֱӽӹҩ룬Цһ˾һ, һɥʲô
ߣſڴϣ˫۽, ü𣬺Сʱľǿģޱ仯
Զ˵
಻ֻðСĵطֱֻ죬ҩ˽ȥɴࡣ
ɫҩιҪ˳Ƥµ΢΢˶
ϳ̴˵ʲôʱѡ嵼򵥴ֱιҩּʵǿģɫתʵ
˾ͻѡ
ϸĲ˲ǵҩգŭ䲻˶˱һظ˭
ӲȥϢɡȰ
嵿һ࣬˻֣ãһ
ûҵ橡Ӳеҩգš
ݵҡҡͷ
嵲ֵĶһ٣̾һյ飬Ӧ츮Ҳ˵ˡ
歺Ͱ橵Ҳ֪ˣ컯Ūˡ
ӣС˵Ӣ
嵷һɨ˲졣
Ҫ˵Ҳǻá
ӵϣɸֵ˵ţЩʱ۾κþʲôҲûˣ̫ˡ
ֹ
Ҳǹҡš
ٸҽڡ嵷΢΢һɨ˲öˣԹԵصͷ˵
֮ŮȻҪҲҪһԶˣﲻã׽㶼áڶڵԲ£ô²̨
ɱģԼ㾭ѵӦø˽
ͷ
Ҳ֮ǰ㶢ŵ𡣡嵽ѵԵŤͷʼѵ࣬ǸɵӣôҲһɵˡ
˵Ҳһģ˹ϵԶ
ԣ嵵ĻһתԼϣʹͷԵվţһ仰Ҳҷ
㡣ഫ
ŤͷͿۣ˿ҵϣһ
˱áһϳ̴
һֱڸϢһ˵ˣͷҲˣæ˹
˾ͺˣֻṥģǷſΪáźȰţĿѪý᲻ɢ˿ڻָ
ſڴϳĬĿڷ룬С˾䣺ࡣ
ͷû˵
δƣغۣš
嵼ɥģЦֻǵûԺأѵһֱڴԹ԰
򴽣һҵġ
ôңδãۻäǽģ֮ǰʲôҲûˡ
°ˣæԲӼȻˣӻȥϢɡ
嵵ͷǰ˵ǲԼǰߣ˭Ʋ
Ѱһˣ绹뿪
Ϊ֣ᷢϲǵȹģӢˬɣڲ齣ү
ü̧
ȹྪȷš
嵾ȣû˵ֻ֪ǰҲ״Ԫʱˮˣ
¶һã֮ɫǶ룬ͻȻ۾һȭģһΣǸʱӻδν֣ģ;Լڳһ÷оһС
ͷС˵ǸΪѰأˮ󣬶Ҳ㶵ġ
ôһ˵ȷʵеСʱģСʱҲ̫˵㡣°š
ڶԼ飬Զ
ǸСʯͷĿɫ䣬ȫǽ׵ģ
ԭǣͼˡ
˵ˣϢǷһ飬ص߾ȫѰң˲ǡΪϱӣİ˵
ϴ󣬻ʳ˾һ硣ſиͷ󺹣һ˽
磿üʲô
̧Ǽ磬ɫ䡣
ģ첽ţӹǼϸȥԽȷǴʮӸϵĴ멡
ɽ̮б̶зֵġС˵ţʳ˾˻ûߣ˵м仰Ҫ
Ǳ˴һӣ˶ˡ
ڵ嵸˵
ѹҪ˵Ҫˣ˿ڶҪˣ黹αһһէ塣
ֶڶ۾ϵͼڣ޲öһϸ΢ͬκӵһӦ԰ѿصģһ۾ϳ멾ӵĶ
۾壬ȴʶظţ˵öԡ
ʳ˾˺ܿ˽վ̨¹񣬵ü˵ǻʳ˾ָǰ棬ɽɽ䱻ѹĴׯʬ壬һӰ±Ͽ磬ݸ־˻
пˣһ侲ʵ
ӦһλʮСӵģСѾĿȫǣ޷ģֻһҴ֮˻˵С糿ֵģ˵Ҫȥ֮ľͲ֪ˣʬҪͳһһڳ⡣
ͻȻʧе
пһ첽ڣֻŻһѪ
ȥ嵰˱ڻУɫҰ׵غš
ҪȥۣǵѪԽԵɫҰףɫ
嵸ѪֶڶŻ֮ˣһʱҲû·
ԭѾôϲˡ
ġ
ľһ¡
ٰɽ˵ѱʳ˾룬ʳ˾ȫվһڳʬǰɫء
ܿ촫һꤵŤͷֻһڽžĳǰݳǶࡣ
ӡ֣ŵʿС
أȴһλŸ˷ٵŮӣһ㶣΢һ˼ͷ񣬡ˡ
Ϊԥָָʬĵطɫ࣬ʬ屻ʯҵˮнգѹѾˡ
һ㶣ŤͷȥǴط֮¶Ľײ԰ͣ޵ĸõζͻȻһģɫΪѿ
ӡĶС˵
ֻƿ¶һ쳣԰׵
ģ
ãȻؿһУϢŻۻฯõζǸϤ÷ζҲŲˡ
Ҫȴס
ˣӡջߣ
ĸ첲һһ̵Ĳʺǿŵ
ҿһۣҾͣ͡ԭΪģ
ǰĿҲֻʣ¼ǵģŮĲ
ԭĻʧֻãȻضһ֪עӵķʽǲǸˡ
ĵһȵģ繵ĻڽɽХıϨ
ʱĿֻСȸ뿪ֻźѹɽֻСȸͻȻԼǰ־ʹ˳ѪҺ۵
嵵ǵػһȥǣֻ֣ñߣǰȥ㻹а㣬ж࡭
ڴ˿̣Ǵһüͷһ壬ɨȥͻȻɫ첽ǰӭȥ
һ㶣Ťͷȥֻźص˫ë멱
΢΢ףĿϣݱ¶һֱӳ˹
үôˡ嵻δ˵꣬Ϳְִ£ԼС
ָ΢ȴ˸С
һֱȥݸˣֻˡ˴ߣ嵰ϸָƽ˵ţƫƫŵԡ
嵱ܿߡ
лܵ˵˵ָ˹˵š
üʶš
Ըݼһδʱ˾ԣ£ѡ޸壬Ϊݼұܻ˸սţż涼ľսġ
Ҳܵ˵仰ţܳɡɫѹĵָˣСĵذš
ʲôʱܵһҡĶ䣬䣬¶һ˿֮ɫΪñˣôߵˡ
򴽣
ָҰɫԽá
ŶӲ˵
ȥҳϢһ¡ȺһС˵
Ҫ˵ʲô嵷ţҵȻỹҪݼҡ
һ˿ŭ⣬˿Ϊֻҧ£ҽҪٰ
۾һ
ôˣķӦµεģһʱš
̧ȻһЦ˵Ȼˣүرˣϻվү
ЦΪÿ䣬üβЦ⣬ĵʢݻ¡
ԭĶ
ȥ㡣һǰ˵ĺ֣֣˵ţǰĴ멣ͻݣġ
岻غһĿҵųݼҵȥ
л˵Ŷ΢΢˵ͷѵôһ˿á
ԥš
嵹û̫ĵӣֻСͿԼĽ㲻⣬Ҳн
ڣ
üһЦ۵ȴǺЦ⡣
˷Լ˼ڲԶĵطվš
þòһ࣬ųɫҰף˫֮ˣƽ˵š
Ҫ˵ʲôۣ۾䵭ءעӡ
ĸҽٰ
˱Ҳ޻˵ֱ⣬ֱ˵
ü
ĸλصĴ󳤹˫
ĸѸߣѾãɶ֮²ɫƽü۵ʹŵ㱯˵ıʧݣ仹δ£κǶѡ
ɹټҲ˵š
дһЦ⣬ȴѩһƬ
֮ǰѾ𵽼ˣֻһ𡣡ϤһУȴֲŸ߸ϵвƽƽ˵š
⣬Բû¶һ˿ɫ
Ϊգȶ߾ƽȳ˫ĲŻɹټЩΪȴʼһֹЩ΢΢һ̾裬˶ΨкΪıһ˿·
Ĭš
ҿһѻ𡣡΢΢һЦΪݺͽݰıһݻ·ֻ֮һ룬ҪӶæ
üûнȥǾʵʲô룿
൱ֻ£ֻʣĸ͹ټҡټηսƫƫռһ壬ܾ£ĸ˫ȫ²۾أȻʻʱǽѣȻѡ£Ѫ񲻵òӦ츮
Ң˴Ⱥҷһ߾֮
ҸŴɾһ龫µ̵˵ΪĶǵĻǵȻɫ
ؿͻȻҡҪ
ĸҵѪǽ֦Ҷĵմ󳤹Ҫ
һǰҲ߹δɹ·
Ȼ˵š
ͻȻ̧ͷ䲻嵽׳岻ʣ׾ס
ڷҵ˵һ
ʲôţΪš
ԼѰˣʲôҰ㡣ҧгݵš
ү
ӡ
⴫
Ҫ
ڣͬغǳš
һڣü˳ɫصվϣžݼ
ֱӳ˿ڳ֣κһһ·һƺߣץ½󣬲֡
ֻŻѵǱ˵ţ㵱Ǹ״Ԫķͷ²µα᲻䵽ز
򴽣ƴмһᱨģǿҰɻ顣
ǴܣͶҹ
⣬ɭȻ
һ㶣ɿ֣ռһ࣬ĬŲ˵
ûܡ˵Ϲ
û¡װ·
öǡ嵶ݺһ仰뿪ˡ
֪橵Ǳ˭ߵ𣿡ӣ䵭ʵ
һ˿
Ҳ֪Ǹūеģͨð˾ȳȥǹټ䲻һУҲн֮¡
ˣҪѡվߣΪ橱ҪԶŢУŴֱһ龻ڡ
̫ģҲ̫˵
Ĭš
ѵ̳к־շͳһϱ
Ʈȴ˲С
橽ųҲỶϲ
ڿгĬ˵ǰˣΣ
λȨصսңʱ⻼ָΡ
Ϳ̿ǺԸġ
һʣֱĵļ֮
Ը⿪ڣлᡣ
΢ɡ
ᷢսңеһбض˳ȻټҹַϵģҲܣҴӦ嵣ҪȫõĶȻʧԡ
Ҳ㣬ԼϲҲˡ
ĵسš
ЦһĬ
ľƺֻᵽ橵ʱŻ¶һȻҪ
ɽ
ɳ˵š
嶢һ

һߣȶ
һҴͣڰߣͷȻ죬ǰ治ԶǱΧĽݣԶĸɽͷȴæȻ졣
ȶϴһ֣ʵռռɽͷȲڴҲڴκƬһΪԼĹأĵͷ߱ÿȶĺ¥ˡ
ŻĻһˣЩǴŴı󷢲֮ĴˣŮٽС
һ긾˸Ⱥ棬һʱǸ˾ʧˡ
װ橡
橹յһСǰͻȻͷŶƻͨС¥峺һ˿ԥ
鷿֪ȶطҲ֪γɵںе̣ɵó
иطΪҪǽݣΪǺһֵȶ
Ż壬һС¥ת뿪
һСʱͻȻһŲ
һ˳ƶһ϶УϢ𽥿
˴ɫ£СɫѩףվڲԶţһ˫۾۾峺ֻɽҰСӡ
վڵСţȴû뿪վԭС˵ңҲǻˡ
˹ģΪ˼ҸܺǺ¥ˣղڸ¥ϿЩŸġ
Űûңҵʱٰվһ𡣡
ݷˣôٰˡ


40 
˼û, ЩʧصͷƬ֮ǿѹֿʼ߶߶˵
ȶ, ֵսս, ٴκ˶û, վھƹ￴
ڴһ˶õԸ̣Ǳ, , ʹȶҲסʼ, ¶һż֮ɫ
ڰеһ㶡

ݾΪ
ֻ˵׿ɲţԥС
Ϊ𣿡Сԥ̽, ʬͣձº, һֱɰ׼˿, ǵ˽ȥ, û취ͳ
橶ŲԶǵӰӣڴ˿̣ɾ絶ʣѾ֪ⲻ׵ɻǻƵѹ
˾ȻԸˣֻȶƽ, ˵һ˳лСġ
ţһһ
Ǻ¥Ѵ, óȶ֮ڣ˻Ϊ㡣˵ţǵӰӻ˻ΣܿʧԼǰ
ԼǿڵϵĶһģĶͻȻһ΢Ķ
ŤͷȥǸխС
ңҡǷ𣿡ʿˮ۾ɵùԲ˵
˭һ׵С
ҽϡվԭûмǰţ¶һ֮ɫ˼˵ţֳǻʳ˾ͳﬡ
գգۣƳСﰵǰһΪ۵ס
۾ݰ𪣬˵˹˹ĵģһ¶һЦԵЩС
橾Щ죬Ŀ⾼ضԼһֻ۾ʪСӣһЦ
һغ¥ɣﲻȫ
վûжֻĿؿ
Ĳǻˡһ橾͸˷ܣ۾ڷԽôˡ
ҲԼȷʵ̫񲻻ĻˣòԼ֣Լ侲Сš
֪һ鱱ڵɳĮī˻ƿᡣҸ׸ҵģ˿̵ͼǲ
һֻ֦ڵϻͼֱǵ÷Ļƿͺعӵᡣ
ǲһģһ֦۰Ͱ͵ؿҸȥظѰļͼҼҾһġ꣬۶ܻ
橿Ϥͼ壬˼ǵãȻһӿ
ǺʷҲòŨīزдĺడڴ㸲֮ʣӢۣǱܲ¼ɣ󲻵òȻߡ
ԭԼ׵
ƯУü
𣿡ʵ
һģһ橵ü˵ϵơ
ǻͭһЩֵֹĻƣһдŰ֡ŲϲУһһָֻء
ǰ˸֣ȶͨ꺫Զµġ
ּķڼ˸ֵӣˮƮڡ
ǵ
ϸϸһ顣
ǡϼֻǶƿС˵߰ɣɫˣϵȶңκʿܶ࣬⼸շ˲ٳͻ
ΪʲôѰҡǿ壬ͻȻ̧ʵ
Ͽ飬򴽣øĿ˵ʮǰҵź뿪κκ಻Ըҵ֮һֱգ֪ʮǰȥǰѺ¥ңԺһҪˡ
ʱһ֣÷ѱټնݳĺˣֱ۾һǰޣܵݣҺѾԻ֪ԭ÷˵Ů˳ٰ
̧㵱ʱȥǸʱѾ֪ˡ
ҡҡͷ֪ҵʱһī񱻸߼չѯͻƿ˼ұˣͲ鵽ϣٺһЩš
һ٣˵ţܿ橵Ŀ⣬˵ʱ֣һ·
ֱҿ˽⿪ֵĻءͻȻø⼤Ȼ֪صľܣ֪ڶеݵĻأҿˣҾ֪һǺŮ
Ŀⲻ˼ϣ䲻ɺС˵ȻҪǣ鷿к÷˵Ļ񣬷ˣǳú񡣡
橲
߰ɣ˶Ъﰡ۲۰Ӳתƻ⣬һ˫ͨ졣
ҪҷˣҰ橰ɡ橸Ц˵š
䣬ؿŲӶ˲һƬ
ұġЦҷ˲¶ˣͬ䣬Щǡ
ǰ˿ʼͬͬŵţֱ쵽ֵĴϣͣԶ߿ϡ
ʲôĺ𣿡橲ʵ
Ťͷ¶׶ߡ
ͺף͵Ƶش˳
ǲصɴ۾һЦü䣬ǳǳڽͷ΢⣬ҫѤ
һ֮ȫȶ˶֪¥˴һʱŮӡ
˭ڲŮ˭κûһʳ˿Ůں¥Զĵطһӣ˸̡
ڼҲ˲ʶȥҲ磬κεڶվͱ˰ǹ·ں¥ǰ¥ֱһᴩ룬Ѫֹһְ˵ú˵
ҹллˡΪϵһд
ϳü˵ţôԶҪѲ߶ӷֵ磬˭֪ᷢʲôҸɸչҲҪ
ãǿ̣ӭ͵ģ֮ǰ͵ʮ׳ſһվҵһҿһҲûС
ҲΪΪѣӡ
ˣ岹ˡҲһʱ֪ȫֻò⣬ͳеī񣬡ԼŪģ֪ġ
öī屻طϣէһȱչϸȥܿһѷ졣
˵Ķ޲ǻӡǡ
˿ʲôвٴ³ˣײ˷ô죿ڼ˺Ů޲øո߶߶ţһӡ
ܰһ𣿡Ŷӣʵ
۾һͷ˾˵ϵ£ûȶҲˡ
Ժһ򣬴ʮ֮꣬ǰѾ뿪ٰˣңҪǰҵ
˭һǰĵر֤ţ޲Ͱץǰ
Ŵ
һ㶣ظһ飺˭
ŴţĴ
ͻȻ˸ʵҪҵľǺ׷ͯգһ̣Զͷ۽ǵŴ
ͷصͷֽ͵ûаˣԼŪˡ
ΪСʱǱſޣŴֻò鲻Ըذ˵Ĩȥˡ
ûҲǶŴʧʲô
Ŷû˵ֻգգۡ
ˣֻǰеõ˵һϢģҲûϢˣ֪ʱ뿪ٰ
üһǰʮһʮա
˲Ҫģȥҡ֤š
ˡ橵л
²¡֣¶һЦ
ǳȶ˺¥ıӻϣҲû˸ھ¡
ֻȶȴš
κΧݾѾһˣֻΧ󣬵˶ڴԴκںľݺ;ݵݣ˱Ʒ衣
Ļ̻̣͵͵ӿȶѲ߶һҪʮ𰸼ӦӲϾ¥òرչؿں͸ڣó롣
ȶСýζȶСĻҪĶддκ顣
ƲʿϾơʱһ߰
һڵվٿһ˳ȥ
ƲʿǺ¥Сӣʮӣһ˫۾Ϭ
ⲻ𣿡ŴڵӶֻЦӭȥ
橷СĿⲻɨмŵӡ
Ӵɫףüëֺڣβ´ƫƫͷģǲ˵˱Եø׺ݴֱ
橺ܿջߣѱֽݼꡣ
Ǿľȫӣ°̧˵ţţ⣬С˶үһݡ
ˡƲʿЦøģӦ¡
ƽطһűֽصڳ̨ϡ
ףǴ˵к¥˵Ůˡڴ˿̣һƵĺǰ
ʲ𣬲ѹϵ̧ȥ
˫ˮĴ۾ͫ׼ָ峺ټɫʧضŰ۵İɳͷشɴ£ȴ֪ʱľƲʿһţˡ
㣡ŭ
Ʋʿȷ˵ذţҲǮ£ȾƺȾơ
ָ˵ơ
ͷҲ̧űʣʼյˣᣬҪƣȥڽ֡
ڽֱ¥ݡ
Цһҿȣ¾Ҳ
˵꣬ȻֱĿһƷ⣬վǰͷţͬʱĿ޼ɵϣ
ڸⰲ˶ڽ￴֡
Ʋʿվһ࣬Ŀ̲סſɨȥ
ġ

ڴ˿ſڣͬǳš
˵дֵһ١
Ϲߵڵܵǰֱӵǰ棬ҧг˵ûſڹŵĺ첼
ž̳˸ǷĿԽϴ橣䵽ϣˣΡ
ž̳һɣֱ̳ڵϣͷм˵ʲôȶ涨߾֮Ҵκǿ׳ȶӦöǸ׳Ƴǣҳʲôͷߡ
һ֮ǰĺߣ˫ֱЦһÿĿ
ô˵ĲԣѺ¥ȻҴκ̤ɽͷ
˭Ҳγ֣ٻʱֻһɭСѾǰ
ظƤ⡣
һ㣬ͦ񡣡Ϻ飬۾Ҳգһ£ֱӴ˽ȥѪȾ½
ɫס
ңҿǴκʵ۵ɫغǳ
۾΢УԽԵˣеĵ˿ûãԣµԸԸΪȶ
ǰҲܺ档һ²ؼ߸߹
С͸ϵĺ󱳳ÿȥ
һϯѵǣ˹źȾơ
𡣡ҧгݵسţΪ˾С˵ˣС˻ˣղ廳ǸȥСˡ㣬㾹Ҵҡ
ֻһɰ׾Ʊֱžһϣһķѵˤűߡ
תɫĿϣŲɶƵɱҲĻġ
΢΢һЦ۵ȴ˿Ц⡣
ӡţȴ۵׵ɱƵԼƿߡ
˵Ǹκڲķֻѹ̨ϣͷյǸ
ǽǳɫ⣬ͻȻЦЦ
δ˵ɫһ䣬ֱһȥȻѿ˾ڴù
˱֮˳ȥֻа˸ƺϡ
һľƲʿСսȥܱܡ
橵ǵؿϡ
ûµģ¥ˡƲʿ˸Ĵָ˵ţܿһƱæźԺȥ
ԭɺžƵİ۽Ǹɫ·ıӰЦͻȻʧԾֱϢظ˺Ժ
յֻˣ˲Ҫȥҩҩ𣬲ڳȥƲʿǰЦӯӯ˵š
ЦŵͷĿ뿪һŤͷͿһϤ

㣬㣬Ҿ֪ûһۿ죬ǰһҪɴҾ֪ƨǲУ˶ϲ壬˵ƭӡ
橺һֻ֣ܿĮؿһİˡ
ԭ¶һ֮ɫ˫ɫͫѹؿ
˳Ĭ˺ܾãɤ˵ʬѾˣпմȥòá
̧ɫɭ䡣
ȶΪ𣿡ܿߣСʵ
ðգɱ㡭ܲܺ˵˵
Ǿ仰ƫƫ˵ֻ۰Ͱ͵ؿ
ءڿڣ䣬ֱת뿪
ԥһᣬֻǳĬظԶԶҩꡣ
ӹЩ·²ǣ̥ĸ塣Ĵźӣϸš
ͷ
İԭĿϣͻȻŭɵҾ֪ϹӲУҪȥˡ
橲ҩֱƹ˾
ڣȫѹ򣬶רѺ׽ӣǱ
橿˺һͻȻЦЦ
ǰǺ죬˵ҲСһֻСӣⳡĪһֻ׶Сڴˡ
ЦʲôΪš
ֻûֱתԺȥֻд󺺲֪ðֱӵǰ˵
ˣˣϢϢԪСԴԮݣаվִܵݣٰб䶯Ҵɾסãκ֮ˡ
Сͯؽһһߴţ
ݼǸмվˡ
Ժҩһ٣ܿµؼˮ
ЩϢСһһʱʱ㴫ȶ
ȶСģ궯Ѳ߶ӵѲֺܿƽϢȴֿʼӿ
ˡϸϸ
û°ɡŤͷȥͼ·Ҳ˼Һ߸һҲûС
ҡҡͷڽС˵£ֻϹãֿȭȴǲҵġ
橼ͣһ˽º˵ֱնڽĿģʧЦҡҡͷ
ҽִӣƹջҪҪľ裬һֱͷ˵ɱҴ͡
лЦŵͷԼ
ͻȻ̧۾ˮģš
˵۾ˡװ˵ţĿƮ
ЦЦ˵Щʲô³Է𣿡
ɫ죬ڰַҡҡͷˡ


41 
Ǭʮĺ
ϲı, ԽţˣвðԼɽ, ͵ɵȶ, Ѳ߶ÿն̵ܴʬ塣
ҲΪΪ, òȶͨϵ
Ͼϸܣһȶӵĵط׳¡
ں¥ߴ, Űϵ鱨, ü̲סһֱ
೯֮͢һ֮ǰų, ΪﵽˣǰΪҪĹؿʧأս᧿Σ, ǰţƤÿն顣
õһ֮ǰĵ͵, ѹ˲һͷ, һս͵ټҰǰ
೯÷ƹ, ˵ĳ֣ԽԿƣٰ˶ϧʹκͶ߲
жβ⹳, ȡɽʮݡ
ٰΪеʫ䡣
ԭȱһɢѹѧһҹ֮䣬֮һ˲ٰ, ȥʮ꣬һصʮһιǰ
κǱߣµκԱѪֶεǻǸȵսɣȴҲԶ֣ȵصİ׼ҺʦȫżҺԶ֧һκˣñظŵӡ
µվȴκŲĵһݺ;ݳ̤ʯ
սһѰʿԼأȶһ¾˲١
橵ľƹ⼸ԽˣԽֽŵʱڣɫԽǺ
ÿ죬ҹӣȴһѴֹסŰ塣
Ʋʿһվſڵˣɫ΢΢ˣ
̧˫ɷ۾ҡεԽ壬ɨ۾Ʋʿ͸϶̨橡
Ⱦơüջеĳֱڣþ
ȻȶѲܽ룬ݵˣȻ޹ʹ
ͷҲ̧زỤ̄žƲʿ˵ǽûˣ˳ȥɡ
ϣɫһ
˵ʲô
侲ظһ飺ûˣˡ
ȶǾޣȻҪʡŵ㣬һ̳ˡ±˶ݺݵעţڣ
˵ǾͰյľó
˹ءؾܾš
㣡͵ӣеĴɭĹ⣬ǴҲ̫īˡ
ս³Ⱦơŵü΢΢һ˫ˮĴ۶ǰ֮ˡ
ʶü鲻á
ߣһ˻Ǵκ顣һ𳤵˿̲үүҵľرһϡء
ͷҲصˣȫȶҹ
Ŀ뿪ĿƽеʶزŪ˼¡
Ҹϳˣ´ǼͶ㿪㣬洫з財ΪһĴ洫һС
橻δŤͷȥͿһͷԼУžǰ˫ɫһЦǰ
޶ãͷˡ
Ҿ˵һģˡˣӣ֫һŤֱʧǰ
ý˱ͻȻ̾һ
ÿСԽԽƪ۽ڽϣʱ·ŵҲ죬սʱƺԽԽݶ࣬˫Ѿ±ʮ
˱ֽͻȻ·һݣºѰҽ۾ҽڼ
㶵ؿ˺üۣŵ׳־侲˱ֽЦʵôˣ
Ǹˡ׳Ը˵š
ϺȾƲɣĪͲϾΣѾڰ˴ˣǰնûϺȾƣ⼸ձԽˡ
橿ǽϽջʣƷͷӭͣȻջоƣȻ
ߣϰſڵһ
Ʋʿһ죬Цӯӯӭȥ롣
м䣬ǽϵ֣һǮӳ£ֱӵ̨ϣһüʣµȫˡ
ǽдŻʣʮ̳ƣվư̳ӻʮ̳̳滨̳㶼ʣ¹ˡ
̬˵ǺȾƣơ
Ʋʿ俴橣ȴ橴ӹ̨ͳһ̳ƣŵ̨ϣ
ϣϾơƲʿرһ˰ǽϵ£ҲϽۡ
ԭĲ˷Թκһ취ҲûУֻڨڨȥ
ȶپֻҼ۸ˣ࣬¥ûζ㣬ϰԸֺã֮¥£Ⱦá
Ҳ橵ľܷɿԭ
״ЦţȥֱߵľƣĿƷ⣬ͷ£ȹ˾ƣֱˤڵϣһĿѰһǰɴŮˣľƣǲһ
橲ֻǶžƲʿ˵ţºȾƣͽţ⡣
ҲͲסգ±ǰ棬ò׷뿪
橶ÿ˶Цţֻһӡ
ľúãЩƣôҲ⣬һ˫۷Խ
þưȻǺþơ
žƲʿ˵ʣµľƸҴ͵ϡ
Ʋʿͷż׳ʣµĶʮһ̳װϡ
󵶾ߣߵһͻȻ̨ϵ橣ף֣ܾ͵Щ졣
˸ãһ橺һŤͷ˵ϴ˰ɡ
Ŀ⼫ΪǴһѵҪ˰ƤſϰݣаһЦҲǣ˶Ƶġ
˴κСҡͷԵس˾š
Ҫ𣿡ƲʿðײĨŹֻ̨ʣһӰˣСʵ
ҪͷҲ̧˵š
ˣҷžԡ
ƲʿҲ໰ֱӿʼţʰӡ
Ϣʱ׼Ϣϳһ޳ĺӰһ飬׼ˣһϤ
ҡ
⴫Ϊʧ䣬ϵӰһ
ˣǶֵĺʱ˵
һ㶡
㲻ˡ˵š
ǴκĽǴκˣѵľС
΢΢һƺǿƺҹķ̫ˣû˻Ρ
΢΢̾ǰΪⱲֻҪ̾ͺˡ
橣Ǳ仵ˣ㻹˵𣿡
ʧһЦЦҡҡͷӣһ㺢ıԹˣ㱾Ͳ˵ˡ
Ρ
īɫ۾ȽյĴںģʲôҲ
һüգǰȫ¡
ݽŵķΧƺλκ޹ϵÿ״򲻶׼ʱȾƣˣƵشŻδľ뿪
ֻǽǽϵ֣Цһⲻðʣʮ̳
Ʋʿһæȥơ
ʲôĳӡ
㣬ֻǵ˵յڵ޹
Ȥشţô֮ǰ
춼ˣҲûˡɵطϣȻһĥš
˼ͻȻƴЦ˵öԣˣˣǸûˡ
Ʋʿǡôžƻˣظϰ壬˴š
ʱ̫Ҫɽˣһʼ̵غžƣȴһʼֱӿոһ̳
ڸⰲſڵױƲʿܷ紦Ϣˣֻо̳ӹϵĲ˿δ
е޹깤ָһֻȼ㣬ü۵ʹ֪Ϊȴûеȼõ޹
Ǹ/鰡һֱĬѵ¶һ⣬ž̳ҧгݴţһ֧ŮС/֡
²̨ݺݵţһҪɱ㡣
ҵδݺһ̳ƣˮĽȾʪ°ڣܿͿƵĿһ̳ƣͷ£ѵ¶һ⡣
Ĳ֪߽ȶ΢ҹ˳ΰоƺ꣬Ҳڸֳ⡣
ľֻʮ̳
ĿһɨͿŤŤŵʮĸ̳Ŀ¶еĵʮ̳
ڵյ޹ĵζ˳ķڴƮ˹۶㣬ڽűϨĿƽϡ
ſϣűǼǵŵζƤ𽥱ȥ
Īñ䣬ۣţͻȻһ˫ۡ
һ飬׼˫˫ѿյĵʮ̳ͨһڵϡ
㡭ͻȻȴԴ裬㣬˭࣬Ǻ¥κɲưոݡ
಻壬ǰ裬ʶסеĴ󵶣Ŀⲻɿϡ
ԼҪɱġԹ̨߳һѳС
ҵʮһҵսеĳУһһᶨسȥһϧɽȴ˽㡣
վȴһѣθԽŨңÿһζ֮źЩʹ
ⲻƵĸо
һ飺¶
ִ򲻹㣬ȴɱˣֻһЩСֶΣҩԽжԽվǰӸ£עģҵǵ𣿡
ɵĴͻȻִЦôǵãһӲͷͶҿǰĹͷһϵġ
ϴһ֮ɫڻζ̾Ϣ
ֻδ˵ͻȻɴ۾ͷĿڵĳС
㡭Ŀ⳯ſڿȥȴûԼһϤѥӡ
ѾˡĿᶨؿ罦Ѫϣʪɴһ˫۾Խ峺
ţҪȥɴ
ǰϤʲôķд󵶳ɨȥ̬ȫȻǱĳС
橻δ񣬾ͱߣͬʱһֻŵסĵ棬΢һֱӲڵϡ
һɫխԲµİվǰ橻ޱעǰǱѲˡ
𰡣ڵĻ񡭡Ƕηؿǰ֮ˣǵѪԽԽ࣬㾹ȻϲŮ
ע˲ս𡣡
ģһڵǰ׼ҡ
˫Ŀͨ죬׶ؿ橣ȴֱӵǰ˵ֻ㣬Լȥɡ
űһһֱ̳óû壬̳۵һڵϣķѣͬʱ۾ֲס
𿴡ס۾ĿⱯϣ´ɱֲҪ
ȥ֣ȴظס۾
ˡ˵ȥɡ
Ŀ橵Ķһɨ
˵öԣȷʵ̫ˣҪһ֣ѾµĶ˿ûԻ
һס۾ֱӰƹҵĵ棬źԺȥ
ʬҸ㴦ˣ֮˭ʣ㶼˵Լȥˡ
Ժú塣
Ժ󡭡
ҹ΢иͳҲû֮ǰÿ
Ҫȥ⿪Уһαֹס
ܺ˵˵𣿡֣
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һ㶣۾ȥЩɵɵģЩ浥
ҲŲȥЩأˣǷƨ
үŵľˡ
Цһָֻ˵һμĿԴ󣬰˰ڴϢҳһӸϡ
ҹƺܳһʱ䲻ˣúչԼ
橳³УֻȥӰͷ¹ֻһ㱳ӰĿصӰסˡ
ôôࡣ
˼
ˣЩʱúˣ׽ֱӰʬͱˣǡ
Ʋʿſ𣬻ŻδѪ˲ƮһѪζԽԵġ
ɡƣرۣС˵
һΪ˱ܻΪɱ
鷿֪ȶҲӸСе֪ȶԣսǰȶͻΪһʿ̿ͼϸڴˡ
Ѿƣһ֮ԶĽݺ;ݣκܹˣ£˧뿪Ǳضȶ
̧ʬ壬ͻȻ˵ء
һ㶣ʧɫղŲǷſ𣿡
ɫ΢䣺˶һʿԭΪǼٵģû뵽Ȼģȥ֪ͨ¥ȫǽ䱸
ӹƣҴҳŲԶƻͨĺ¥ȥ
黹Ƿˡ
ǰشʮߴ۵Ĵ󵶾ƾʧȶ
ŵˣæ书Ů橣վڽĿİؽţΣգǴŰɣָʮ׳
֣ſˢˢվʮδ󺺣һվţչⶼסˡ
Űɡ
֪֮飬ΪǵĹյĴκ飬Ц˵š
ҪģҪġϼ䶼סڹ¶ͮͮգּظš
ֻεͷӦ¡
һæժ߿ϣתȥ棬֣ŲͳضſڹվŵʮѵŻ
̲ס·һС·͸⿴ڣЦҡҡͷ
ֻĿһŮϣ̲ס
֪ôˡ
 
ٰڣһ˿޵˺ѷΡ
أҼҹŲأأǶƭҡ
壬ҪȥҼҹ
ǶǻҼҹҲϲˡ
ʱŴŴκ޼ɵɱŭɱ˲ˣ׷ɱŵһС£˳
֮ƴһһ·ѻٰȴײҲȥ
Ŵּòҹɫ͵͵/ǽԷŷԷͿˡ
ԭ򣬼ǲͷһµСѾͷ͵͵顣
ԭأ˫ֿƲסز
÷ɳƵš
µ÷֣Ҳ֪õ鱻ѹţٰһԶûУСѾʲôҲֻ֪ظֵĻѡ
Ŵʧǵ뿪÷Ĺǰҵ֡
һ㡭ּ̲סƽͺãܻžˡ
Ŵڵϣʵʵͷ
СѾͷأһҽʶʵ
ŴˣˣҿСﰡ
϶زŰ鶼ףŴվԭأŵ˵ôܣСѾͷء
᲻˵
ȥ֪һݼҶáŴͻȻڵŭţѾͷҸǸ۾ƨҲ
ŭӳȥǽſŵѰҽʾͻȻЦһ˳˺̤ݼҡ
ʲô
Ŵ³Ĩɾᣬ񻹿޵ôã˳ͳһ鷽У橻δʱһŷ
òãʵ
ʶ橡ſڴ
ƨôʶҼСѾͷˣҽվҪɱġŴѶƿŭԿǵ̣˲ҼѾͷ۾Ƥ
Ŵϴһ˿һ˫۴ɱ
üǰ
ǰ˵Ŵ򡣡ʵ
вգүүŴЦš
ϸֳŭ⣺ͷͷŸɾ㡣
ѾͷˣҪ͸ɾ㡣Ŵü۵ѹɱڵطţҼѾʬ廹ңŲҪˡ
üܾ̾ܡ
Ŵ㻹ţſڴҴҶĳڳĲ£ʵ
Ŵбһۣ΢аЦӣ㻹û
̲ü
£Ŵʺģ¡Լӵְš
²ϸ˵Ŵû˵ΪˣȥɽöûӰӡ
ŴͶҵĵˣҲȥ
ǹƤʲôˣ㿴ӲʹҲǷ˵Ըǳ²ķԶð˳
ŴקСֹš
Ҳǡ㻹ġ
鲻ģ֮ǰټҽˣųµģȥ˴ˡ
ǰϣ۾ܺá
Ŵһ仰ԭ
ûƭң
ҳʲôʱ˵ѡ
ŴĬ
Ҳ˵˺üΡģϧúܣÿŪһҪϸϴɾ
ңͻȻֲʵ˵ء
ҴӦᱣģôҲʧ˵ǲʧˣҪ󡣡
ͻȻЦ˺аҿԾҪʹ
üֹţҪʲô
ŴЦҾ֪ƫģôģҼѾͷͲġ
÷԰鴫ٰžͶġ
޺˵ţѾͷҿ᲻һ£ڱָżЦޣһȺ̡
Ҫÿ궬ն֮ࡣ

ѾͷܵģҪһ顣
ɫ䣺Ҳͬ⣬ҲҪˡ
ŴأνһЦܾȵúҪʲôӹƨѰҽʾ
еͰͣõĸʾֱˤУ鲻м
ҾһһɱһˣҲ֪صġ
˵۾ҿһ۾Ϳˣ£һˡ
ûҪѾǿѾͷˡ
ֻԵ࣬ҼңҼѾͷȭͷյÿ֨졣
뽩ּ䣬ֻһ
ͬ⡣
Ӵʧɫ֣ӲҪҲа취ģ㲻֪Ŵˡ
´ȣ˿ɲʲôˡ
ŴдĻˣɱ˱Ⱦȹ˻࣬ⱲҲֻΪһϣɲ͸аˡ
ĿŴϣͻȻʵСʱǲǲġ
ŴЦҲŲ㡣
Ͳ
ϲӢۣڵ㡣


42 
Ǭʮ, һֱ಻ϵĽӭѵõ죬ΧĽҲת
κڲִɧңµ۲֪Ϊνʰ˲ȵ, սս̬Ӱ쵽ǰ, ҵı䶯Ѿάֲǰ߰ȡ
ʮκò£, عöʮֱݺ͵ݣȴһ
׼ɱسǰֻλԵĸ
೯ѵõķƽ˾, зӯ, Ȼֳɷͥ
Ϊ׵, Ϊ׵սɣһʥĸһǴ󳤹, ˼ʹվŲ˵ȷѪꡣǣ, ôԭľ, ı仯
ˡԴ֮ʹһ, ٰδתѾϺĺãɫ԰׵ݼͤıܷ紦
յ۾һѩ׳УƮƣһѰǹ֮, 죬ɭȻԶ, ǹ/ͷչԡ
ҲûһȲ裬˵˵ˣûҵʬ壬˶з財Ҳ֪ģһҧŰ׼ңôκ͢ҡ
֫һŤشʮһڣǹһһգһƮƮڷ˳ƻɴȴǹ棬Ҷ
׼Թ˲ϾӦٻسҲκһˣ֮ΣˡһϷ⣬Ե͸
ƣһתеĳ/ǹƣֹֻ
ųĵطü˵֪ˣ±ٻسˣڶѾˡ
֮⣬㵽
ͷɫᣬֻƵغŲ裬ʵ۾Ҳ˰ɣ
Ĭţһ
Ǿͺúţÿ氢㣬ҲǷһ裬Ժſڣλҽأô㻻ҩ
ˡ򴽣ɫζ
£
嵹Ǽλҽκҽʵмܲסûһ˻ֻԴۣԶԶܿˡ
˵Ѿˣ̴ҲŪΪֹҲԸһų/ǹֱһϡ
ЦһҲֻǱů¯˵ȻҲˣΪ֮ǱҲ벻ˣСӾͲͲ
ͷţӵţŽ˿ɫʯȻ䣬¹ֻһ˲䣬ԭƾɵͤʱ˻ԡ
ˣԺλѾΪˡǰĵ˵ְǰǵô￴ǸծСֶӡ
һĿȥ䵭˵չ˺Ұ㡣
϶չ˵úáҲȷʵϲһﲻ˵ƫ˵
ʶ
ԷߺݸˣҲԽûʱһҲ˵˼仰һĬĵܣڱ鷿ֻһ΢ĺ
ȥҩɡС˵
ͷĬسŻشȥ
ио𣿡Ӿǰ˻Ρ
һ㶣ںڰжǵ΢ӰζУͻȻȥץǰĹ⡣
Сġæָ񿪣˵
ǲܸоŴȴʵھϲ֮ɫãá
ϥϵ˫ȭ΢΢һֱڷȥһ
ϲ
ǲǿˡ¶һ˿ؿųӡ
ӵͷĵر֤ţǣֻҪʱҩһ¾ؼˣŴԸ񣬵ҽȷʵ˫ܼ
һҲû˰
Ŵֱ˻ը/ҩ/ͰֻҪײϣ˭һӭ磬κˣ˭Ҳκβ
ŴƢ׼һˣǾĵúáҲ̾ǸɽͷϣԲҽȷʵǽѵһĳɫСͿˡ
֮ǰһֱ𣿡һֱʵ
ӵͷ˵ȳ÷ʱ÷Ѿ¾綾ֻһʱûиճķ˷£ɽգͷҲΪ֪֮Ҫ֮÷ˣ򲻻ɽġ
Ϊ˵÷˾ɽˣʵ
һϷСĹŭɳǧ˿£ͱ˿ˣǡ굱꺫ƽϲЩЩǹƥ˾ȳ
ӲԸ˵֮£ֻǼ򵥽һ䣬ԹЩĶǵĹ£ֻ¼ȼĻ
󵽺ǰġ
ʱս½ƣټһѹƵúٸǲԸ˸ϳȥǺһ˴˻ʹ
ҹڵƻͨȾѪɭɭ/ǹ֮˱ãȳһϢŴ
ŴǸģʱ˵Ҫ֮һֱ򣬼ξΣ֮УֻǺûȳȻ뿪
û֪һһˣȻи鶼ںϡ
Ӧõġ˵
ú޺ˡ
˵ƤˣҾͷۡæ⣬ʼӷҩ
 
ȶУһյⲽһ˫ɨյĴţʱʱĶһԽˡ
ֱɫֻڴһ΢Ŀһɣ첽ǰţôˣ
ûû£˴󰲣ǸŮýϲЦտ˵š
ûãѾ߾ͱһʵʵС˳Цӯӯ˵ţˡ
²ؿһۣ˺һͻȻüͷһ£ǣ𡭡
һͰ͵Сӡ
ѾһЦģţģſ˾ͺˣ¥԰
ʣ붮ֻǰ˺ü
¥Ҫһ𣿡Ѿʵ
Ϸҡͷ֣òãˣСıˣݰɡ
СҲ̫СˣƻûĽء
̲סš
ĺСӰüš
ڱʰɾֻüһС;ƣ˯ȥ
ѾֽϢ˳ȥſֵҹȴл
ҹɫյķһ˿֮⣬Ժˣȴһʱȵľ棬Խ
ԺľΪϰŮһ̳Ů졣
ϲ֮ơ
ͬϲͬϲ
ǸСء
ȻȻ
ƲʿֵüۣǺϲ֮˶Цӯӯӣһµģ˻Ҳû˵ڣͻᱻĴŲȥںξͲö֪ˡ
һߺѾںԺһµӣ˲оĸСԺ
ǰԺľ⼸±㶼ƲʿˣƲʿЦˣˮһʱԽ
СȻǸѾ˵һһµʱſˣԭͰ͵ģƻƵƤѾ˰װ۵ӡ
ԺеѾϲΧ߶ġ
СƢã˶˺ˣҲٲ֣˭Ц۾䣬ôˡ
ҹ֮橸ι̾ͺ˯ȥˣԼҲ֪ſһ˹ȥ
ڴ˿ֻ̣֨һԭյĴ΢΢ƿһ㣬һڵӰ˽һ˫۾ܵԳһīɫ
ףҲǺܳ󰡡
һ۾ͿߵСҡͷϸһۣڴ˿̣ԭ۵СͻȻۡ
ֺͫԲؾһԲ£峺
ͻȻԼǰҲޣ۾ȥקԼǰͷؽ
бСżҪȥ죬һ־òԾֻþͷСĳ/һʱæңǱ
СЦԽˣ֫ػţקͷԽ
𡣡
һ˯ľ
һ㶡
ҸղŻΪǻˡһþò
شк
Ӳһʱ侹Ȼһͷֻù׶صС˭֪СһҲú£ְͷ
󾪡
ܳԡְʪͷΣһʱͷ֪Ǻá
ſڵѾһæš
£ѡĶ
ɵɵվԶ
ɡţһǰӵϸ𪣬һɫâ
ŤͷȥźһͻȻƺһˡ
üۼƺһ
ٰʱһ¶棬һ使޵С±ҽ£ʹʧ˫ףȶһμһȴȻЦȴ㹻㹻ȴ
ɽٿʱ˫ڵͫѾӯӯᣬԭǵ㱻ʹ౯Ѿȫʧˡ
Ȼһ¡
㡭ȿ
ЦЦü䣬ǳǳ֮û㣬˵سˣǻ𣿡
㶵ͷ
Сһҡͨţ֣ĵЦš
ǿСѱӸǺãЦʵ
ҡͷ˵ġ
Ժˡ˵㣬ǲǲˡ
̧һŵ̾
֮ǰµʱΪһֱûԻϺܵǣȥһ򣬴˵˼̫أǲƽҹС͸Ƣ
ɴ۾ͷֶͣסˣ㵵ؿ
橿ģʧЦ۵׵ЦԽᡣ
ҺѾɱ֮鲻ܾģҵһλ̤һʱһø׼ҵڸٹϣԴǵ˵Ϊ塯ôԼ߲ء
Ҿ˼ҰôܲҪҵСء
ţĪĿڷɣһɲ֪Ķʹܡ
㣬˵𣿡˵š
Ȼԣ̸ֻֻĹ¡Сº˯
۾һͷ
ˣû¡
ߡæ˵۽ǼС˵ȣѹ˵Ҹ׼˶
ЦŵͷͬͬŵطĴ󣬲Ц
 
ǬʮģֹϽѾˣһǧɡ
һŷۺɫСȹСżϣԴĴ꣬˵ţʲôʱͣСԹȥ档
ƲʿæСﱧڣȹ඼ʪˣ˺üųɤӣ˵꣬СԹԲҪţ·ʪˣСĲˣҪҩҩġ
Сﱻ˱ڻУСһ˵СԹԲҩҩ
ȲȡƲʿһ̺ӣ̲סЦתæţҴСԹȥҷˡ
ȥȥ档С˵ţСҪ
ˣȥ档һϸӰȴ˳һȹµգ˵·ʪˡ
СſھƲʿУ۾գţίͰ͵˵ûʪԼƮġ
ûгȥſվһᣬʵǴ󣬵ˮ²ȥôȥҪ¡ƲʿΪ֤ţü˵š
橿ѾյĴ꣬ȫûͣЪļƣҲ̾ȥ걾ճɲãò꣬ȴôֻ꣬Ӹѹˡ
ֱСŮų·Ҵȥ·ǰͷչˡ
Ʋʿͷ²¡
ƾƣټС˵ѾΪˣ۾۰Ͱ͵ؿ뿪ˡ
ƲʿˮĴ۾аעţֻĶҪˡ
Ҳ档ԼĲӣСԹš
ǰһһֻ졣
ҲˣͨԣոСƨɺų򣬵꣬Ŵ춼ģѵﲻ
ҲþûˣҲˣСԹԺİСԹš
˺ܶ𣬲𣿡Ц˵š
棬ҶˡСͷҫţ̫ˡ
橴ӣɾ·˵Сӣʲôʫᱳ𣿡
С죬ԴУСӲģ˵ġ
𻹺˼ҽˣԼһʫ촮ŷұʧЦԺҪѧ
ѧôˣſڴһõ
С۾һŽ´Žż⣬ѵش򿪴ţţ塣
橼£ʪģֻվһᣬѾʪһˮ
ȥЬСĲˡ
ۼֿҪ˹ȵֹסü˵
ŶСʧصͷ
æ˱һ߸Ьһʵôô
ҹʵ̫ˣֱӳ˰ɽѹ˰ǳأȶɽϵģ߳¡磬üĽ塣
ʲô
һԭҹľǽݴġ
ͷ
ȶµġ橰οɽһʼƵʱþʯܣܱľ׼Щ϶һ鿴úء
ͷ̾ȶʱȷʵŵ㵽
ȻˣҲܻȥˣɽ̫ΣˣȥͷϢɡһѾߣȥһ׸ɾ·
һֱԹվȱ߲˵С˵ȸԾı˵ϿСľ
ᱳҹ̵ʫˣͿˡԴǵ˵š
СŤͷȥ
Ťͷȥ졣
ƭӡСС֣飬˵شǴš
ֱպСȹȶҲˮ͵Ĺ
Һ֮ǰʱ⣬ˮΪСֵݵĵطط󶼰Ȼضɹҵ졣
СҲתСܡ
Ǻ«Բԡ˵Ũܵüţʵ
СﱻţǸй۾ز˵
ôһᣬͷһ˼ڻֱӳѾָĽȥ
ղڣ㺰һ壬մϵĶ򡣡
䱦տҵһ
Ҹ㰡
¿𣿡
оԼĲиԴȥûãŷ˵С¶˳
Ҫ㣬ҪСҪߡС˵
һвš
Сӣ˵
ΣͷϵСŲһٳŸ˽ȥ
С̧ͷ۾
ȶѾָɲԶĽȴһƬƲ
ɽЩΪ˹̳ǷҲΪ⣬ɽѱա
ǳֲıֱӰֽɽ塣
ǰİҹɽ£ֱѹ;ׯʯ嵽ֺ/֣ѹ巿ݲµǣסŵȫʿ
鱻͵ټҰǰڳֱӷѣҪý֪޾䣺ϽʿĿ⡣
ûȻʷִԣҷ˾ˣֱŭ⣺㣣ڽٳ֡
Ǽʷ򱾾ʮ䣬һʱͲסֱڳϡ
ôĿһֱվٵڶеڶλ˻˵
ĹٵһеڶλĬɫµĹҲŲ
֪ͬкθ߼ˣλ޾֪ͬһƾٵġ΢΢һЦָƽŵģ˹˵š
֪޾Ҳ㲻꣬ǵݽΧŴҴεģʱ䣬ͿɽñȲһҪš
ڳİ׻е£⴩ɫۣŽߵİ޴´ϥͬʱ񽣡ν緣һ˥ϣŵһڳкȺ
ɽãжţֻǲ뾹Ȼĺü΢˵Ҳ֣֪Ϊսݵľȴվ
ȻͷӶ۷׷ס
׵۱֮ǰΪ˥ϣް׷Ҳڲסһ˫еԽˣҲԽˡ
д£š
Ȼ׼ֱͳӵȥټ뿴ݲפʮʿÿݶӦʯÿ궼ʯ޾ãֻǲ֪Ϊһֱûϴ
Һ塣
̿һɫؽţһ£ǲְ𡣡
ұôֲüһ壬ŷмˣǵĿ꾹Ȼֱפ
ô£еӣǳ
ҹڵϣлңѾ˴ǡ
ݽϱҪڻݣ걻Χ꣬ټ֮ǰҲ˵һֱԴݹЩΪϿȻЩ
˵оݣƬ̣ȷʵЩ顣
ףȷʵ𣿡һΪ˵ôҿûֽ֧
Լֱʯͷġ
治ɫزš
Ϊ͢ʡǮλһƬģΪΪЩС¶֪ɾɾ̾ظпš
ɫ΢䡣
֪
ܿҲһ⣬˵΢ƹԺþòֽŷһ䣬Ҳǽյ֪ݽġ
۲˵ֻ۴ŵµĳ
ЩԽģԽɣҵĿⶼһ˿ɡ
µҲС£Ͼݸھһѣֻ½Ŀǰ޻֮⣬˵˵š
ȷʵˡ
ҲӦӡ
ٴ󳼳渽ʹ£ɫء
üкν飬г±ֻ»κɧҡ
ټһ仰ֱӶ´µĻɶ䡣
Ժɳһλ֪ͬ佫ܰġֳš
˼Ƭ̣ò޲ɣĿһԺͬϡ
ԺӣսһΪҵľɡ
ԭйɣͻȻǲ֮ˣһ⣬ĿͻȻһϡ
Щ͵ˣҲû緢
˵ǸЦҲûЦΡ
񣬱ˣ֪ˡ
㿴ݼҲˡ
ţǿͻȻɢһƲȥ
Ҿ˵ͿټǵӸ߶µߣ̱죬˵
΢ּ
侲ʥּ
һֱͷ΢΢һЦ


43 
ͻٴѵĽ񰧺Ұ, ѹֶǰź˵ݵʿ
ȫˣȴһ֮£˭˵һ컯Ūˡ
ƫƫ, , ݴʷ·ܹܽѷͻȻ, ҹڰĽ֪޾ߣ޾ļ˶һУѸײڶ֮ƣȫǻȻ
һʱ, Ⱥ, һ͵ĽͨбƳִ֡
ͨ, ֻԺ˯һֻ֪ͷ, һ֮ǰ޾УݶС
Ϣȶʱ, ͼַ, ƻҪȥ֡
ȶвٽ, ǶڽȥŷһӵģҲ£һںڰеˡ
µݱΧսһ, ǶԶǱĹָܳԤ
ЩӹԽˣȶһʼ趨Ľɢ, ϶ԴѵûгָԤֻԹۡ
οʩ໹ǽַġ
˵ǳ͢ˣǲǽѷ顣
ҿҲǣ֪ݿɱǸͿٺöˣЩҲԺˡ
Ҫ˵ܣЩСꡣ
ɲǣǲ֪ҪδãҾ¸ڡ
һȺںԺɹ̫һ߲̣ŹȥݿʩʳĿһﲻͣţɽµĽ۷׷ס
橲ܿĿʮʯ𣿡
һֶնյƤڵĸˣЦŵͷ橵ģ̫ˡ
ǣֿ׼׵Ҳ֪Ժ˭Ȣء
ҿǸİɾͲ
һֱԹԶ橱ϳǺ«С̧ͷ˵һ˵ġ
ϣСԹôﲻְȤţԺҪҸģһԺСܵСãô졣
СӣĴ۾ԲģҪ
ԴĿ֨С첻˵ؾţֿɰֱһȺ˿
СԹȻСɴءҲһݵӿڴȤţ˵ұ֤⼸СԹһ㡣
е˱СЦ˵ţ˵ҲŲأ첻˵Ҫ𣬻ȥ
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СС֪ͣ˭˹Ȥţζ˵ţ̬ȵǸơ
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ôͼ֪ݡΪղҹ̸ϵݵüǰ֮ˡ
ѷǹ·Ĳĸ󸹱㣬ưһȺŵǰ̬Ȱš
ûв˭Ҳˡͷ޹֮ɫ
Цţ֪ͬйټʥּѵܼ޾
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ϽҾǲ˵ѷεԴǰ˵֪ͬҲǽҲ֪ģǶǴˣڣҲΪ˰¡
μߣ񣬲˵ʱٰе˿ڰĿǰλݴĽѷϣӸµעš
˫ڽŵ䵭ƽǵ⣬ʱ˱ԵøĮ
ƫƫǵȴ˸е󲱾ëһѷںеıڴ˿¶Ĺâ񲻿ɵ۵
ѷȻǹŲӲ䣬ʶ΢΢ƿߣٺӡ
ߡŶͷֱ˵Ҳһֱۣת뿪
߷߲ƽصһۣ뿪
ѷűĲңȻΪһֱ֪ץҧгţҲ֪֪ˣ
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ȥɿ
Ըš
಻Եصͷ
ôˣôδúãߵֵϣزкʯĽ棬ȺţϵȾѪҷƣüһ壬ʵ
һԺ룬̧ɨһۣҵصͷ
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ⷬᡣ
֪ݱץ󣬺û˽ӹˣܸɵѱǸͨоһֻڹ꣬ڼС
ߵָţв̣ЩͬͬȴΪ֮䵽չ˵ĵز˭˶ۡ
ǾͰĿǰ˵֮ʲô
ɫһϲæȭȥ
ŴϵгأǼ֣ڽյĿҲŶһ˻վ
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أҲʶ㣬Ҫ
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Ҵȥﰡ
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СڵüŲһתֱתȥ˳С
ֻһͷۻɫȹС޵С˵ģһ߿ޣһеǺ«۾ؿǰһһŮ
ģʶҴ߰Ǹе֣Сʶһŵô˸ã۽ϻһᣬġ
ңҲʶ㡭
۾ڣ˵š
˭˵ģʶ㰡Ǹ˼״ţҪȥ¶һ˿̰
Сŵ۾ɴˣǺһ
԰ѾۻƵȹڣͻȻһʯͷֱӴֱ
˵ֱʱѪһʹɴһ
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ΪūߣãΪ檡ߣͽ꣬Ϊɱߣͬǿһ
䣬ֻСһأͷȥֻСˣȻֱײԼСϣ΢΢ü
ϵǺ«𤵽Լ·ˣһεӡǡ
أСԹҪҪ壬Ҫ壬أҪ졣
Сﱻײ˸ƨɶףˤڵϣۻɫ·δȫɺԵȾڣԭͷҲɢˣǱֿſڵϡ
ССһֻţҲ֪۵Ļŵãţһֻ˵СֻܷѹֵĿ
ŵϵС㱼俴һſڵϣֻܷĳ޵ʹѹš
꣬ǲҲô·Сһ
㣬ٶС
һһŮСվһˣ׳ŵӴǳš

ߴСջأ̧ͳ˵
һһŮŵһ飬ˡ
СﻹſڵϿޣ۷СֵǺ«ѩ׵ֱϸʯͷһѪ
Ӹ´ǰĲСüĽ壬޵öҪιȥüģ/ɰͰ͵˵ţˡ
ˣģҴȥ˺һְ˱Ӳıοš
㶼Сֶӵġ

С΢ֹס˿ﲻ֪ʲô۵Сֶ˶ڻֵǺ«·պ·ϡ
üԽˣһ͡
ҪʹʹҪС̲סᣬֻǵߵظظš
ޡȻŲ̫ףǽӲúܡ
Сﶶ˶еߴİˣֱŸⲻԽ־壬ֻſ⣬۾ˮģؿ
ŵһʱҲΪꡣ
СֶҲǿͿޡ
ֻõͷȥֻСְۣǵ㱻ʯͷ˿ڣԵøۡ
ﶪġ
Ͱ档Сֹ˿ޣ߼˵ţС
Сüľ
صǸСﲻֻ֪֪أظš
ڵǸСվʮֽֿԥš
ںڵġСͷ
ĬƬ̣ŶȥǱ̡
Сﱻ˱ڻⲻ
͵͵˶俴֮ˣûӦ͵͵ֹ˺ü£Լλãһ֣˺ü£Сġ
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ڸһ彲ҿſһǺ«ˣҪһСﲻ޵ʱ˵ǸɰȻҾҲ·ˡ
̾һ
Ǻ«̯߶ģС֪ΣգֻǺ«ȻˣҲѹֻᶪ
Ǻ«ˡǸǺ«۾գţίˡ
һ˵š
ûǮˡССɰ
ͷһɰͻȻԭһö˫ɰ
ģǸɰɳɤʵ
ССһɰġ
ܶģԼ򡣡СزţΪû˿Сɰקģ͵͵
ջߣвɷһ˿⡣
ЩֻҪص飬ʶ࿴һۡ
˫Ʒ÷ζĶƵ
СͷĪɫΪǲСɰˣˡ
ܶģͰ͵ؽš
ꡣ
ꡣ
۾һ㵸ţ壬塣
˰ס̧ͶĿײ˸š
һ˶˲ü
𡣡

ͬʱ¶ɫͬغһԷ֡
ô⣿һʵ
أ塣Լֿʼ
ŴƿߣһǱ꣬ǰһڡ
ˣԺˡ
ûˡ֣һֻûԾڨڨջ֣׶˵¡
걧Цţô֪С
ԭͻȻЦЦֻÿҲˣ˵ŮУϲ尡
޵ֱã˵ţҰ塣
޵ܣֻð˷¡
أͱһ±ڻŵϵĻҶûմϣǴǺ«ϣҲŭοš
ˣ޳СèˣһŤͷͲˣҲ㱻ˡ
Ժˣٱˣû˾ˡܵӣֻôۣͷҲصˡ
һ꣬һ߿뿪
꣬ԣû˰ͷ꣬̾˵Ҫ֮أһ£ɰûꡣ
ϤˣҲˣſС˵Ǻ«
ŷԼ·Ǻ«ˣ˵¸һˣܳˡ
ͷǺ«һԣڵϣͿһСؤȥмСȥ
ŵ۾
ɫջߣȥǺ«ˣס۾ˡ
ˣܳԡ걻۾С˵š
ЦʱüĿ͸˵˻Ի
겻⣬۾ţĽëӵķĵǵĶҲȥ
۵ͻȻЦЦС˵ʲô
ġ۾˵š
Ǿںڰоͻ
һ˫˭˶Բλ۾ɾ
ǰھ¥ϣһ۾Ϳ橵۾ǳٰķ羰ܼ
ѾһѪۣԽĹâ
ҺѾעʱʱ켸䣬ûһ˯ˡ
ȥ˭չꡣظϱӣƽ˵ţɱˡ
һݵӰӡ
ǡ
˯ú˵򴽣ȥΪݣôö˶˾
ǡ
 
պ󣬽ѷڷ˯ͻȻҴҽѡ
ôˣ˵š
֪ͬˡһ𾪣Ŀİ˵ţˡ
ѷ˵ˣ
ֱĴȣǲǣ˴˺ܶˡ
ôѷϲ
ǲǡҲǱסˣһ仰˵ףһֱؽ
ѷֱͣӰƿЬֱӳųȥ
ֻſڿյϴͷվŵľʮһ̣һűīͷϰŷģˣ֮һǹŹʿ
֪ͬǣ
ȻʥּĵĿϣƽ˵š
ʲô
ѷ⣬ֻǻδֻһȡ
£
ԼһȣֱὣȥⷭɣЩʿ׼һ£ǰǰסЩǻ飬Ҹط
һж̫죬̫䲻⡣
˭Ҳû뵽ҹ󣬡Ȼѡ
ѷζ޾ģԸתһ飬ر
лУΨվۿǰһС
űѹԼǰĽѷ΢΢һЦ¶ѵЦ⣬ȴǶ˵ģȥ˱
ѷһ𣺡㣬ҡ
кβңҪ鰸ģϲӸ¿ǰǱ֮ˣˣǺ˵ˣͨѸߣڼȥ
ѷɴ۾
㣬ɱ͢
һѱĽ䡣
εԿס
ԿףޡѷͻȻЦΣ㰡鷿ܵİС
Σ㶷常ġѷһڣЦţˣʲôҲò
ɫȾһա
ŭδ˵ֻһӨ׽⣬һһ䣬ֻһһϱ۾ڵϡ
ɽѪǡǡͣż⣬ûȾʪѡ
ӽѷͼּڷ
һһ֣˵š
ѷѹŶãֻܷ˻𣬷ŰۣѪؿ
֣ܶѺΡ
Ŀ⣬ηɷʮ㡣
֪ͬλɫҰףͷ󺹣ͨһڵϣ˵ˡ
ʲô󾪡
޾֪ȥգʬ嶼ˡǿŻͣڱǼĸζš
εĵһηԾˣѷЦţˣʲôò
нʷ̵֨
ȥ޼ҡŽѷʯ䣬һͻȻ˵
䣬ֻһ죬Ϸλû졣
޼ҵķ򡣡ɫ䣬ȥȻ𡣡
ˣ԰˿áջߣĿڱʮλ˷ϣ֣͡
ҡʮλˢˢ˵š
ұΧɵʰо֣֪޼ҡ
޾Ϊսɣһֱ־Եˣٰ޴У԰ء
ж飬ֻսɽ˼޲ݽ棬ĳѣ֪ͬոĳˡ
ǰ̨޾ģĿ
Ҳֻʮѡ
պ۾յΧеĶĶֻдžָۣ΢
һû̵սǿʼ
Żˣ㲻ܽȥ
棬֡
㲻ȥ𣬻𰡡

ڶ֡
ۣŶߴǸԼͻأΧеķڴ˿̱Ǹ޿ײĶ䡣
һ˵Ϊ졣
ʶǸȥ
档һĿС𣬡ѾûеˣңҲܡ
һ̧ȥֻһģСڵϣһ߰Сȣߡ
ꡣ
סǸС֡


44 ռ
ӿͻȻһߴӰ, СеСһãȻֵ̿ؿųֵǸߴӰ
ͷ۾գ˺ü²ŷ, һ, Ƣ, Щ¡
ǻ𣿡굲ǸСǰ˺þãСطš
ؤһСŮˣǿ̿־, ·, 
һ𷢶С, Ųһ٣߽Сڣֻǻδ, һ¸µ
ͻȻһɫӰӡ
ֻһֻ׶ųԴ, Ӻڰб, վǰ, ڵض
һӣ׶񱻵˼ŭһ¶ȥҧˡ
졣굣ǵشš
ԭҪȥץŶ첱ӵʶת
Ĵ׶, ɲĵóȥ߶ˣͨ
ģŴ׶죬ͷŵµС㡣
ͷ, ۾ˮģίί˵˺죬ܹԹԵġ
ܹԡĴ׶켴ʹţؽţ̬ȼң޺֮ġ
ʿˮССŲ˺üߵǰͷעǰߴˣϸϸ˵ܺõģܰ𣿡
ϻ֮ǰˤ˵˿ڣڰֱۣϸԡ
䵽Сϡ
ѣʡ
Сע´˸ս
վڴ׶Смԥһʱ֪һߣؿ˺üۣСǿίſ֣СǰҪ
˭Ǹǿſ־壬Լߣʵ
Ϳ࣬ݵ䣬ʵǡĽ䡣
Сһ㶣ƿߣ򴽣ӲҲǡ
ĲĬţͷק׶Ƶꡣ
걻ץ˸ţ޹Ŵ۾СȴǽŴ׶ĽŲӣĵЦš
ôһܳˡ˳ưѴ׶ݵУʵ
Цţæ׶졣
Ĵ׶컹ͼ쳤ȥ߶ˡ
𣬴򲻹򲻹æץĲӣذοš
ûܳʶ·ģҸͳԵġ
갲ȫûش׶죬ˣܵСߣͷ˵߰ɣҪˡ
һץŴ׶ĲӣһС֣һ˵š
׶ԹվűߣվһСȥЩȤ
֪ߵغСǰԭĴ׶شһ󲱾ë
أͣ½Ųʵ
岻ڰӻͳ㣬ιŴԣĻػص
壿ԣͻȻü
۾ǰ尡˵ҵȥ˺Զĵطڻûء
ȥ˺Զĵطʲôʱ𣿡
ţ޹۾ţһ˿ʡ
ͻȻһ
ˣ˾Ͳٻˡ/Сţֱ۶ʹз
ãǿ˳
ɴ۾峺۾ӰӰһĪĻֲ̿ʵȥԶĵطͲ𣿡
Ҫ𣿡
˫µĸɾ۾ĪƿߣӲ⣺ȥɡ
ŤͷȥС㣺ؼ𣿡
ĽãȻصͷŽµʯͷϵˢһۼǱ
ûмˡţ˵š
⻰ʶסĿڣֻһѪζĿӿŴµĶг鴤۵Ѫ˿
ʧؿĽ䣬ƺ͸ڿһˡ
ʱ䣬ٻ橣ÿնԼУɽȴ⧲仰˺ѷε۱ǵصϯ
ȥҼҰСţȥҼҰ˼ɺóˡ
ҲȥĽۿͨ죬濴ҡҡͷСܾš
ΪʲôҲǻˡڵϵǺ«ܳԵģһǸô찡
üŴ׶Դµ˵ţ컹жء
Ľ䲻֪ҡҡͷ
Ժּ˴ηʹݣɽ;һ¡ѹ·ѪĽ˵
ĽһƺΪ裬ֻǿ˵
Ҳú˵ҡǰˣ˵̨ĻҶǵá
Ľɴ۾۾ֹҲֹסָ̲ס㣬ҵ˵ҵˡ
ԥƬ̣Цһǡ

޾еŵԡ
ô޼ҡ
ŵزĽֹסᡣ
ǰ鲻ԣһˮͰͳġĽͷ˵ţġû𡣡
Խס
˲ҲɾԼҲſ
һޣС޵Խҡ
ŶߵĴ˷Ŀͷۡ
ôҲˡ޵ֱãְ˱ڻУš
Ҳû𡣡СᣬС˵Ǿѹ
㵵ؿԴúӡ
ؼҡ
ֱ꣬ĿһСϣͼϿһӰӣʹسĽ
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˵
꣬Ǹͬ˵ûмҡĹģֻ԰׵ذοţΪ
գǸܿߣݸĲмӣڿԶ¸һҡ
Ǹȴûе
Ķ첻Ҫ߶𣿡̲סŻе˵
ͷֻ׶ҧ°ڣʱʱǴȡ
죬ǻˣҧſ첲ϣǳš
׶ͨԣԥһᣬ죬Сȣװ·ӣಽظ
ԺûС̲סǰ߶һ飬һֻʲôá
ͷ˵ţ͵ܳģڸַأǿˣܳģء
Ľ걻ҲϽţǰ궪ڵϵǺ«տˣұ۸ųģҿҼŻˣܵģǸġ
ҲһܳɡͼʮָͷŮһʱҲ֪οڡ
⼸գܵ۸𣿡ǣĽ䣬װʵ
Ľҡҡͷ治ܿ˵Ҳϴ·˯ҶأղǸСؤǺˣǺ«ˣҲġ
ҵһֱϰġ̲סѹ˵š
һٰҲһʦ
ĬƬ̣Сοõġ
ʩࡣꡣ
ãȻؿֵĴ֣С΢ţ۾ţףôʶˡ
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֪ҼģС˵ţ̹ҵġ
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ȶôء
°ͣŤͷȥȴԼݽӲɫѩף˫ڵ۾žȻЩˡ
һӱԭĿİʵôˣ
˵ʲô
оԼڼ٣ϵ綤۵۾Ѫݷ˵Ѫ
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˿һѹвκ˵±ڸǶľȴڴ˿̱ʹ˳ڱдһ˿ڼ
ô꣬һʼ˯ϣԼУһսһյʧʼΪʵû
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С
ꡢ橡
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ҹҹеһ
 
㿴ҼССౣɫ·۾ģƤװ׵ġߵļѾ߶ɢȥѰˡ
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㿴һСŮŷɫ·ͷСӣ仹Сңӣ߿ܻһֻ׶졣
ԭǲȥݵģΪ̫ˡ
һͿʼճˣԼŴ׶Լ͵͵Ҳһֱ߶ţСˣҪȥá
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Ҫ֪һҲӲܡ
һ˾Ǳ˱ˡ
橲֪ߵڶֻ֣ͷĿѣҲ꣬Ǻá
ôСǱ۸ô졣
ǲڿޡ
û꣬Ҳûмˡ
Ų֪ǵڼҡͷˣãվ·м䣬һʱֻŲţƲסڲ
㿴һС𣬴ô󡭡
ͻȻһſǻ
ꡣŤͷֻײײţžһײԼϡ
أлˡţ§橵Ĳӣ޵һѱһᡣ
ļοţͻȻеԼǰվһˣ˳ӰԼϣҪչⶼҪס
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橡ͷһ
̧
˫ǧٱ۾˫ɵ۾ʹäʱܵһʱ˵ߣ˵˿üĿĿɭ䡣
أˣǻˡеţ˶С
ӡ橱겻ɺһ
ͫһʶץסĸ첲ɳƣߣ˻
ֻ橻еһڣֱҧֱϣССļƤҧѪǸСһҧŲɿڣžžવµ
ɿڡĺ󲱾С˵
һѵò
ֶ֡˵š
ʹסĸ첲
ԭС𣬶ֱӰСԼС
˹زߵѪ˿Ĵĺ󱳰ţ̧ɨһ֪ͬڽûѹ磬۸¶ĸˡ
رĲӡ
ĿϣؿǴĶҪնѪſϰݣȴͬʱӿʧõϲãγĲʵУ
ֻ̰ؿӲӣɽһ־橣СĶֻȸǴϨĻ磬˿ĵĻ̿֡
˵ҲգۣһգۣһʧԼǰ
㡭
һֻסָҪǡ
˵š
ͫѪ⣬̧ȥ𣬻˵ֱ󷭷ɣѳĿƣΪֱӳ֡
վԭŲȭƷɽӰգۼ䵥ֹѾС
ˡ橵ǳŵˡ
˶һԺһջɱ⡣
ŵɫףָץŰ½
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еֱӰ˱˻ȥ
һȥˡ˵ţ귢ı
׼뿪ֻһϤ
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Ը˵ʧԼУŤͷ뿪
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ŲͻȻͣԶһظš
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ΪԼҲΪɽֻǸеĮӱ̼綤
ϲ
ɺǼȴҲ˵
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š
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ʱ䣬λѪӽһһ˵̬κá


45 
һʱû֪ݺʹʷ, һڹͨҲ˰ȥȪˣ²ٹԱȻҲвӦҾո¶ͷ, ܵ˵, ݵһѾϡ
ѳһٱ˱, ȫЩ꽯ѷΪڽ顣
ʯ󡢵ݡ˿۾ãĶºʹľĶѹһ벻ʿһ׮׮һ֮ɫ䡣
ʮ˷ҹݣ, ŰĿ, ɸɾ
ӹݵ, æýŲմأյѹĵףһһؿ¡
ÿîʱ, ʱ˯£, ﲻ, ÿ˶żѹµæͣȥ
鷿ھȼղͣ, ֱѶ¿ľս
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ȻϵĶѱγ۾Ҳָˣ棬̶ܵͬȵ𺦣⼸ϳ̴Ϊ˵һֱ龫ǡ
ȥݹڲ, Ӳģóͬȥ˽ݡ
Ǹ綤ǲǷˡ ҩݵУüʵ
û˵
̾ǶӸ, ÿһζһΣˣԺ常ҳζӵķҲ޼ˡ
ֻ̾ǺӦһȰӵġ
ҲԣܿͻԼӡ
ֱգոµ˱ѷ˱ѾˣĿ޸鷿ȼյһɶ޷ҲŻǰһģû¶
ǸʮСӣ⼸ҲæýŲ鸡㱡
ʱ̲ס˵ϴȰϢһȥֵܿɶҪˡ
ȰԴŬŬ죺ȥ
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ŴϸĶţ˱һתƵصʱԭ
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ǻɴκǱ߿ȶͻȻ𼸴İüʵ
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Ҳ塣˵ʷ̨ӣȫƵѷϡ
⣬Ϊβֱӽָҡ
΢΢һЦ۵ȴǱһƬ򲻴С²ɣҪڹټжһԶҲβĶӡ
йԨüһ̾ǡ
һɱƷ󳼵ة࣬ɱԼ԰ɱƷ󳼵ة໹Ҫþ
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ڿѵǳȥġ
ɫеӱ
˭


46 뿪
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ֿʼ꣬Ҷֻëëϸ꣬˵һʼĵսľ, ޶, а²δܵӰ졣
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࿴Сȣ, С/һˣεЦЦ
ôŻɡҩ, ڡ
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ʲôԽ⣬ɻ
ûʲôͻȻЦҡҡͷûʲôҾһʱΪпѡ
ɫһ䡣
Ҫʲô
俴ŵӣǶè֮ˣ¶һЦΪؿƿҲһΪܡ
橾ɵؿȴ˵ӣЦҡҡת뿪ﳪŲ֪ĵӣߵϣԱɽ
ڷ÷Ȼ
һ߳ģ󿪳һѩ׵Ļ
һ׵Ļ͸ñúñš
橿뿪ֻ֣Խ͸ӣת뿪߳ʱɡԼǰ
Ҳû뵽橣ϵľһ
ӡų̂ףŽʪ̨ףü˳ۣƽ
վڲԶ̨£Ŀǰɫ֮ϣ綤ÿʱܼɷʱ޿̲еһжܡ
˵ţʹڷתĿ̲ס
šƽĿϣûзߺҲûвʣһİˣͶĮ
ղŻ⣬ǺֻܿȥˡӭĿ⣬侲˵š
橵ͷһ˵Ȼˣұȥˣӡ
ֱ̤УҲԸԼһᣬɡֲս
˼͸еͷϳڵԭϸܵСʱ档
ɡ֡
ˣȿֱȥ¥⿴վԼ֮ˣָָԶȣ˵
ĬŲ˵ֻǹִΪɡϸܵڼϣʪɫѡ
Ӻαء̧̾˫ۣӼȻѾ߳ΪβߵøԶһ㣬αرһɡ·
ԽᣬԽһѵ˵ǵü̬ȼᶨ

橺һԼվصĻ£ͷǰ֮ˣЦ˵ţѾҪˡ
㿴·ôҲһʼĺܣѾҪˡ
һȣƮеȻᡣ
Ѿˡ
µ橿ͣԭûˣЦ˵ţü䣬մ֣̬Ȼѣס
ֻؿһʧԼǰѩ֮ҹͷҲصسǼԼ֮ϵ
еɡƮڵϣվгĬţһɫĵֻǲ˲Ѫ˿ͷҲصػԼԺӡ
պȶĴڱ޺ãȴϡϡš
Ĺȴ̡
Ӳȥ䣬ȶĶٰΪͬ˵ţСɾҲ쵽ˣӲѡһĵġ
⼸գһֱں¥˰õĿͷڲȥһѵóԺȴ꣬һ࿴żŲͣʰ˳š
ҴŲȥˡ˵š
ţӽڲٰ֮³ӦûɸµĲǣѵҪӼΣྪ˵š
еӣ˵
Ѿϴ÷ףһ橡֡
ȥδȫգ˶Щͷ۵ĸоδȫɢŶĻͷһҪ£ҵڽݣĻ㵽ʱѺ⽯ѷʱҴȥ
Ҳûʣֻǵͷ
ɻᣬﻰ⣬˸ϳȥ
Ŀǳ棺Ҳȥࡣ
ҡ
⼸һֱ룬ǲǲܴ
һ㶣Ծ˵ӣӲ˻ȥ
⼸̽ˣǸꡭԥС˵ĲǺ¥˵С
ü
Ұ˲Ǭʮ³ţĲ˵ġգգۣС˵ӣӦڳǶǰʱ仳ϵġ
ʱ˾ٰߡ
һ㶣ؿ
ģǱҹƵ顣
Ҳ̹ĽȴɷֵԸȶ꣬һ׷ˣҲԸ֪ʵ顣
һԼ˸С̴æģҿȻͷһӿ̳ӣҲеġ
ˣ˵Ҳϲʳϲ赶Ūǹ֮ǰ߶ζСʱ򶪵ġ
ϲģϲ廨ǱȽľ顣
źţϧҲеСʱģˣڵĻһһ۾Ϳˡ
ʹüģ˵Լһ£ȥɡ
థһֻ뿪ˡ
ĬţѾƵӣߺռĶȴһݸٵÿҵһͱ˴ߡ
ֻһյӣвԸķ񣬺һֻͻצӵè
ںڰдһҫԭΪȻֱʧŻȻ֣ѾڰͺС
׼÷һеʱһ΢ϣԼǰ
Ů
һһǧְ취˴ȥ
ô갡
һϤĴͷ
֪УȻε⣬ǼҾǰ
ſڶ¥Ĵڣһ˫ںڹԲ۾ģڵ֮ɫ
ڷ̵ϣȴ˿ûнڷȼյĹѪҺ
ͷֵ߳橣˲Ϣת
橾Ӹµؿ¥ˣ˫۾ҹΪɫĵ㾦֮ʡ
֪˫۾͸ɫ绪ǰټһգɽһμгοȻ⡣
͸ӥһչ߷ɣǴˡ
סȶкιϵء
ûˡ
ǲǿˡſϣĺص¿ţȴۼֿץס
ððʧʧҾϵģҸʦӡ橾ĺ󲱾ҧгݵ˵š
ͷɨ֮ˣβͨ죬ۿź⣬̾һ˼˼˵Ͱɡ
˼˼ҶԣһɡֱӷȥҼҷɡ
ûнɡ̧׿¥ϵһĸŮ΢ֻ˵һ䣺һؼң𣿡
һ˼˼𾪡
ȴֱӱˡ
忴ȥÿ걻˱ڻУ͸ǸվеˣĲС˵𣿡
һ㶡
Ҳġƺں꽲ƺںԼҪ˵Ļֻ˵ǴˣͲҪˡ
ˡ
Ѿмˡ
Ļ˳Ļ˵Ҫһֱһ𡣡
塣
ƾ壬˼㡣
ж졣
ˣа塣
ָͷһţЦе˵š
ԣЦЦţһֱһ𡣡
ȶֵĪĹˣĬ·ϣԵһҲ֡
ҴҸĶȻھĴҵˣҲ໰ֻΪɡһء
ҲĲô
ȥͷ·ϣͻȻ˵
һʼûҪģڸֲϡˡ
ȶǺģ¥һҶҪá
ҧţֻᡣ
ǻȥš
ȥɡɳ˵š
ǵĴǵһ޺õģһֱҪȰѴˣһСǱš⣬ָָұߵ·ɵز⡣
໰ָֻķȥ
ڴ˿ֻ̣ȶΨһͷϴһضɽҡľŴȺľ
ɫһ
һ˿ɫֱֱͷķ
ʱڽ֡
Ȼұضȶǡ
һ˺ƮȶͬʱĽϣһƽ溣ս𽥳ڽƽϣˮء
ͷһУɫ
ϸգӴܼеȺڳĬĴ˿̣ԭֵһڴ˿ͻȻȫõ͡
ֻͷһѪܵĺʬ壬ͬʱϲһѴ󵶡
󵶡󾪡


47 Ѫϴ
ĳ, ʧѾʧ꣬룬վȶͷ
ۿǰҵһ, ͻȻ׵, Ҳȶй, йء
ŰɱΪ˱ȶ
֮ǰĪӥۺӥҲ˽͡
Ī뿪Ҳ˲׼ҲںΪУ׳, ɰ¡
ȶвһжڴ˿̲Ƽ, ¶ߡ
ĪϽ
ʧİ׮
ŵա
¥˷Ҳ֪֮, ֪еһжָ橡
ֻΪʲôҪɱΪʲôҪȶġ˼ԡ
ֻΪҲ֪£
, ƽ溣սƾӣǳضѪ, ²ˡ
, ôˣϸ, ࿴𽥱ƽĽӣʧɫѵκս˧ˡ
ĬؿŴϸ߸һֻӥĵĽ𽥱ƽȶĿء
ȥ˵ţֱתȶ
һ㶣Ҫ̫Σˣǳġ
Ųͣ, žķ첽ȥӭϸţë꣬˵ȶ
üӦ, ȻȺҲȶô衣
ȶλ⣬ںе̣ɵóͷϹѵ롪ŲϲУһֻ
൱ֻӣ뻴ǴУͬʱҲϱóףܳһʱó׶͵͵Уʮа/Ŷǵòʧö֮㶼𽥶ϵ
Ϸб֯ԼƤݡҩζ޷
ȶʱӦ˶ġ
ǱҪŷѣʷһΪֱȶκ֮ڵȫױ㶼¥֧䡣
ȶһĵĹأۺﶼҪ׿ݣսˣܽ¡
ֻҪڶţȶһԴ
Ϊ˱ȶͺ¥ԣȶĶգ޸ĸӰˣֻܽܳⱲӶעֻܻźڰС
ʮȶӲ
Ӿǡ¥ɱˣͻȻ򣬾ʵ
ǽ򣬲˵
橡
ɱ¥ѵĻ᲻֪
ҾĴѾϣԭſڵĶʮ׳ҲʧˣֵľŽգϵѱ֮ˣһ̿ȶͷϡ
Ӵߣ۾һ
š·ˣܵûʪģϸʪ·ͷ˶ԵЩǱ
ţȴ޶
ûˣɻ
ңд˼Ƭ̣վſڵ˵
ɼžǺܿʹŲ
ű֨һ򿪣ŵľȻǺ¥ˡ
д¥˴ʵȷûղͷб޺õĴҵˡ
üȥࡣ
ĬƬ̣С˵ӦûǵһֱŴ
Ͽˣɨܣ˵
̤ڣ¥ڼˡ
橱˯˵еϣΪȡ
ôˣ۾ϡ
ֻܿ˫ɫ۾Ƹ۵ϣ橣дߡ
橳Ĭ𣺡Ļṥȶ𣿡
ôᣬ洫з財иһͷβĴӡϿЦǽղǽ壬ƽȶѡ
Ĵڣһڡ
һߡ̧
ҲߡּᶨǺ¥ˣӵġ
վڽüȥϡ
¥Ȼ֪УҴɾκ󽫾
̫嶯ˡ˵ţ
һΪ˱ϧȶĹء
ϷһЦһᣬοռƻҲͬ˵ģܹͷϡ
ǲ㡣οţ˭Ҳûϵǰᶪ
ҵʧְûһֱ㡣
橱ۣɬ
ʵ뵽ҿܻ鵽ȶͷϡ橣Ŀѹ̾˵ţû뵽ô졣
ƺкܶ໰Ҫɵȴȥֻҡҡͷ
Ѱȶͷϵġʵ
˵ÿλɾһĴš˵ţȻ裬ȷʵ
ʱǰ橵ҲӦסλȲǴʬʱϢذĴ͵ˡ
һڣ侲˵Ŵκ׮İӳȶȻǻ˴ȥ׷ȴڽʧȥټ
أʵ
᲻֪
Ͽһۣƽ˵һ񡣡
Ĭ
ߡϳļžֻǶϰˡ
Ŀһ˼˼ϡ
ƼߣһС
ұΪѰΪľһ졣ϱܿȵߣ侲˵ûʬǲĵġ
ҲġּᶨעǰŮӣժߣ¶겻յݡ
㡣ӡ󣬾ȵصɴ۾
ȹ͵ʳ˾ͳ֮ϡ
þòϿŶ࣬¶һЦ
ݹߣۿ졣
ڴʱͻȻضɽҡĶ
ҾԻ˿һſ/Сȶڣ洫Ҿֵļ
оȻֱӹǣʱԸ
ɫ΢䣬ǰһĿһֱǰ֮ˡ
꺫һȶݡݺݣѹرգݳɷԽӣΨнһֱк־ı䡣
ʮӵнӹߣҲʮ꣬ϧܼ롣еߵݵУָȵزֱ
߿԰ұ
ţһκ橼һֻҪժߣܴһɬһֻ˼Сӡ
һΣĿⲻٶղͨ졣
橽ӹߣָڲ
˯еǸܵ橵飬üŤš
ˣлôȶɳš
ȻȫɱˡͷϴһɳƵȻߣͱˡ
ɫ䡣
ƣҿʲô
ǵɭͬʱݶ˴Ƶ
һ㡣
ǰǱ󵶣˫Ƶ۾ɨˣԴ橡Ϻϡ
ҪģڰתеĴ󵶣ᣬǸĵܼܵˣ˱ˣֻǸñĳҪģȻ˾ʲ
Ŀϣɭ䳱ʪϢ
Ź°Цδ˵꣬еĴ󵶱ɽնһڿ˹⺫ˣ̫ˡ
ӹĳ/ǹֱӭȥ
һ̶Ľ񽻴ɲǼɽȵĵ˲ѿһϸ졣
۾һЦ
ţ治ЦţҵȻһһĹͷ
ߡ
俴ƣĿأжԽ
ҧӽ˹ĴκʿϺͶʮλ׳İΧ£ȥ
ѾҳһţĴκѲ߾ĺ¥ɱһ
ѾʬͲкĻͣѾðȶУĽ/ҵıڿյĽϻص
ǲϿ󣬴һ˼κʿı޴ȶȥ
ɱһͲɱ׬ˣƲʿһЦӯӯӣҶϺ˴ŷߡ
ֱӳȺС
һЩڽ͵͵ߣȴһȺסˡ
ٸﳶȣزʲôˡһֶնգƤڵĸ˾Ŵ󵶣ŭţ˿ߡ
ݵЦ˵ӣҲˣ˭˭Ҫʹʹһ
ڻ̧ͷƽֻ죬Դ׵ھӡ
ԭǶǺ¥ˡ
ߡ
һѾݶϴܵˣ֮ɱشٽÿײܿ⡣
ȥɡ˵ջߣᱣġ
橱ۣе꣺˵Ҫ˲ƭˡ
һЦĿϡ
ҶϣԺ̫ƽϰ伴ʹϡƽܰȫȥ
ҧ˵֪ܿڼĴκʿڰУֻؿɱ
ʱ
𿴡ס۾
ֵѪ۵꺦µغһ
ԡϵһɱΧӳɵʱƬ̴Ϣ˲Լ֣Իͳһ¹ĳУҼСԹϲѰġ
еģСԹҲҪСó۾һ˼ҹѣͷϣڿʼǿʼ׽ԲأСԹԲҪ˵ҲҪ
͸Ǽɾ·غһ塣
ꡣ
һЦ
ױĿֻ橺ϣһ·ȳ棬ҧŲţ׷ᣬ޾
ߵһ£϶ˣѪǱ
ӾȻɳһѪϴȶб
жԶϵһ˵ĳʵ
಻֪ɱ˶ˣеĵѾˣеĵУһӣҧ˵ǧס
ǰԴԴϣɱĴκʿʿһֻֻϣ֪ƣس
дУҪѪϴȶ˳նɱˡ
ҧҵǣ橡
̧ͷȥ
ѶѪĿ
ǵ˾ǱߣҲлഭߣҪս
ϰһƣϻǡ
һߡ
橿
ɱһˣЦŤͷ˵ˡ
ҵΪûܾȳ࣬뿪ٰԴգһЦѪ۵ϻ󣬺ɫ峺ȳע橣͸վŵˣգҲˡ
һ˿ǰ֮ˣȴּᶨ˵ԸӰһ
ߡϵĳӭȥվǰſͷĵˣĿᶨȫԱӭУ뿪
ˣȫȴһź
գˡ
ΪǺΨһŮҪķˣǴϣ
û·ˣļƻͲһʧС
ƷӺ硣
Цţһ£̵ѪӭձѪմϣ
ʮǧ·ƺ¡
űѾʬ壬ѪȾ۾֪ƣػеĳǰһ߾ʬ嵹£ٿһӿ
ֱһˡţж㶼ͣԶ
ɲ̫׵ġ
ϲڵϣգͻȻʧ뵽
ֻʣ¶˼˼ˣ˸ոƹһʬСһﲻ֪ĴκʿСӭײϡ
һСзУҪ뿪ȴȺ˳ǵλ
˼˼ս˫Ŀᶨǣߡ
촽΢Ŀͬ˼˼ϡ
ʶá˼˼УŤͷЦЦˣҲȥˡ
ʵһֱ߷ˣ¥ҪҸƵԸġЦЦȶҵҸлˣҲлࡣ
ĵ꣬˵Ҵ壬ҵǰȺ𽥱ƽˣҽգԼˡ
ȶͲǺΪóһȫΪ˴δ׼
ǰľٶҲóЦһ±ˡ
ֻǿϧˡ
СԹԣְ
Դһ仰ֱӳʱ·˳ȥ
ˣ׷
һСӶ˷˼˼׷ȥ
橿Զȥˣ֪档
ɹԹԵźϵԼ橵ĲӲ
ߣǿ˵ţ־͵طˡ
Ѿߵһսеߣҧ˵š
ݼһ˶ʮˣֻʮţʮڻɢ˳ȥ
ֻͷҲһǴԭȰ׮ϵĵطȻķˣڲȴһֱԽѵĵط
쵽ˣҿˡ಻֪ɱ˶ˣû֪ˣֻܳĿĵäĿš
վ·ڣѿǣæ֣
һ·һ
СģͻȻɫ䣬˻ߴš
ֻһ
ȻûƭҡϤ
ףҪٵŷû
ö橵ĺ󱳶ȥܵþƣ橣ֻܱסꡣ
¸¡
ڴ˿̣һֱѪ۵Ĵ׶Խų˳޷˵س˳ȥ
ͬʱѪһ橵
ȴϣ֧аʯ֮ᴩ׶ͬʱɲٶȣ橷ɳ۶ȥ
׶췢˻Ƶĸ¸ҵų򣬷ɽ˿Ρ
ƿնļϻѪˮˮ
˶εѡ
ֻһ
ᴩ򣬷һƵ
ӣĿѡ
ұˣס
б橣治ɫֱӰγŴ׶ʬڵϣг/ǹӵİУһץ橳С
µɫֱӶг˳ȥ顣
̴׼õĴ
أֱڵϣɫҰס
̻һδ顣ĳĬƬ̺˵š
˲˺ֻܱƽϢ
ߡһѪձر
һԴ󣬸ӳʿȶͷÿƽ溣սֻһСء
СǼдڽΪҲ۶ûһ㶯Ϣ뿪ˡ
Ӱ˿ڰɡ˿ڵѪֹҲֹסȾʪ·
Ŀһϣ𣿡
ۿͨ죬ȴᣬΪ侲ؿ
ףΪʲôСǲޡ
Ϊȷʵûõġ
Щڱ뿪ʱǲҲһԼǰ޷
Ϊ÷ǺףڵǺŹ¡
Ϊд壬ԸѺϣϡ
ˣѹϡ
ֻҪţҧվţ
ĬؿҪ˵ȴúǱʲôסֻҡҡͷ
û¡ݺҧһԼͷѪζڿŴϢ״̬ѹӰ˿ڰɡ
šѪ·¶ǵ̼ǵ˿ڡ
橱ڴʧؿ档
ԶԶȥȶѾ죬һ/˷Ũش̱ǵѪζ˳յķÿ˵ıǼ⡣
ĵط
Ѱɼˡ
ΪԼԱܿҵһУ㿪ҵ䣬˵ţֻҪƽžС
ɾˮбƵһ졣
źѪǺƻеҪһ֣עܹһӡ
ڸⰲ뽢ӼӷΧڣӴŽݷɿȥ
أ
˼˼أ
ƾأ
Ҹղźˡ
Ĭһ·ڿ˵
۵ƴĬСţϸüëëһţΪ⡣
ֲ֪ʱմѪڰֱϸҫۡ
СԹԲ׽Բˡ
ȥժ۾ϵĳУȴҫ޵ĳȾͨ졣
ӵ棬֪ʲô֪ŵζǲҵѪ


48 
ѪϴȶϢ, ʮʱڴ
¥˱ɣȶһҹ֮Ϊһǣ˱ͷ, һѻյøɸɾ, , ֱһͻĴ꽽
ûУôûУ
ֱϯڵϣʵغžƣֻĿһ, ưôڽϼˮ, ʵ
¥橵ԺӶѾ, һ񡣡һ£ֱӹڵϣͷĵء
ǾͰȶˡпͷϵ۽ʬ, Цһʵڲ, ɽˡ
Ҷ໰, ֱܽС
鲻ִ󡣡һ䵭ڴڽ
ͷ±о, Цһһٹҵ¡
ҶǹôҪһ˭ҵĹȽϴ˵ݣƷʵټƢɲãɱȶѾκ²С鷳ˡ
ֻȥҺ, ǽ㹫˽𡣡
յĴŨƣʱĺҹѹǳ, 顣
ڵصϢ
ߡؿµǵӰΪҲɱ㡣
ɱҰȫѷţŶЦ˿İ׼һ᲻鷢ѡ
 
Ѿһˣ׳յһűҴ뿪鷿
תʱ㱻һǱİס˫ɫ۾ͨ졣
˭ģ׳һɫʵ

Լġðվ̨£Ǩŭ޺˵ǵ¡
׳޳ݰ𪣬Щսͣ˾Ӷǲ֪ˣΪǰ֮һʱĹ١
Ҫȴ˳ǿܲھӪУʮáһ˵ɱϵɱʡ
Цһ°̧ѱ˵ţȰҴ˰
ΪҲң׳ü
ʲôңա
Сɾ׳װֵĹܼæһ͵ɼųȥأпš
ȶ飿۾ʵ
׳̧侲˵ǡ
ƭ֪ǸҪȥȭͷսĿŰ׳䵭ݣлڵһðǰһ
׼ҹܼƤһæڸǰӭһ۾ˣﻹŽŵա
Сɾ
֪֪ҪȥѪϴȶһһ֣˵
׳ƿܼңƽֱǰ֮ˣ˿Լ֪飺ȻҺȶϢ͸ټҵġ
΢̧δ֣ͱ׳ѹš
º⣬ȴƫƫѹð𶯵á
Ѱ˼ҵŮˡĿİܿ˵ǡ
Ҳ֪Ľ𡣡׳΢΢һЦ˱һϻۣȻЩܺ޽չ
𱻴ܵ﷢࣬˵ϲҡ
׳΢΢һ㶣ͻȻЦЦȻǺŮɱѶˡ
׼ҵĽŲԶҪ鰮׳ջ֣ܼҵӣ˵ҲδֹаΪѾ
˵ϲɻɱˣ·ڴκܻ֧
׳ӵһ١
ܼɫ΢䣬֡
𱻴ģ۾̧ͷȥǰɫ֮ˣ˵ţҲ˵ԣұͲ㡣
׳̧ĮȻĿʧǵİϣǰ׼峤ҪʲôҶ㣬㲻ǡ
Ѿûпˡ׳̤ĻǰͻȻŤͷ˵飬㶮ʲô
İǲ㡭סɳʵ
ҡ׳Ȼ˵
ش۾꼤÷췢ۡ
꣬Ͳһ㣬ץסǸˡ
µһб㶼ᷢ
˫ֽգ
ԭ˶ڲ֣ڲ֪гһˣҲһ㣬ټһͬӹʱеӱ㶼Ѿս
ֹǸȶȫĴĪ죬ȶ橣
ѪȣĻܸܵȵɱ⡣
ͫ׽˼ؿǿŷŭŴţΪʲôһҪʲô֪
׳ҡҡͷѵö˵һ䣺̫˽⺫ˣܹŮ
˶˵һѶϵľӣȴǾγصķӡ
˻ֻãؿǰ֮˵ıӰ
ҲΨһһᡣ
Իлָ΢Ŀ¶һڼ
ٰ
׳ζڷƮߣ赭д
۵׵ĹʧԭӰʧԼǰ֮žرۡ
׳ʱͻȻԺĬƬ̺˵κô绨죬ϲ˭á
ܼСĵ̧ʧ񣬳˳ᢵ̬дһ˿İյա
Щ꣬ƺֻڷϿ¶ɫ
 
վͣˡ
ССӰڳҩζķǻСֽգվſԥš
ͽڴһ
꽩ԭأţСּѵƿţԴ
塣̫ˣֻܿҵ磬СԴת˺þҲûˡ
һ־òԾСҲţ壬ǻ塣
ڴϣƿŵӣһOO@@Ų󿴵紦ðС౵Դ۵СԲ۾
Ĵ۾ǰˣվ󣬹ԹʵҿԽ𣿡
šԴȻ飬۽ǵȴһֱꡣ
Сߵԣͷʵ˿ڻ𣿡
ŴŴߵ÷⣬ڡ
ˡͷſȸ߶ȣСװ۵Сָ΢
˴۵СۣԳĬƬ̡
գգۣ˵Ŷ
ȥˡûԼ˼Ϊʧ䣬۰Ͱ͵ؿ
üķǵӣԥ˵Ҫ÷𣿡
۾һͷԡ
Сִϣż𣬴۾䣬˵ţССһͺˣϳ緹
ŵ࣬Ҫְ˱ϣȴ۾һС˵˵ܸ˱ġ
ϸüţָûΣյʱֻа壬оƾԱ
ֽӲͣԭ򴽡
껰˵ڣƺòԾüͷԽĿİؽţ˵岻õ˼
˵ԱͿԱġ˼ڤ룬ͻȻ۾һ˵š
ʧЦջ֣ˣǽ̵öԡ
һԳ÷𣿡ʿˮСʵ
ǰ˵Լ
˼ˣһССĸģԹԵл
ôˣССҧŸ㣬ϲ¶һ˿Ц
ϴ橵ӣȴƺֱȵ橶˵ͯɣֻҪһ̲סá
͵˵ġ֪ؾͰѶ˸ɾ˵岡ˣصġ
ͷ˵岻ڿǸո
Ǳ飬ʱԶС˼µһɶ
ôȻﲻöţ̲סʳڡ
һСȶȥˣС˵ҹجˣ֪ǲǲˣװ׵ġ
ʹ֣һ˵š
ǾллˡСģֱԸ𣿡
ˣǶǱˡڰ־ܾˡ
̵úܺá
롣
ԥãͻȻ˶ᣬ״Ʋʵ
ҡͷû˵ȥԶĵطˣû
ͻȻգգۣͣԭָزţῪʵ֪ȥҲȥ˺Զĵط𣿡
𣿡
Ѿûˣе
ȶѾˡ
ԭ˼ɾһ̣úһܡ
ôСʪģϵС࣬ϸ˵Ҳδöοİ̵
ˣѾýˣκܺÿġ
һֻޣһֻҪһ˿ԣȥԼ
ﲡˣֻתƻ⣬򿴹𣿡
ãȻҡͷ
ԭҼҸĵңҲ𣿡¶֪š
ȻȥŮȥС̴֪Ĵġš
Լһܳ𣿡ͻȻüʵ
ͷ
ܳһô죿Ϊͷ۵ؽѵš
֪ͷ˵
ڴ˿̣ͻȻԭΪϴһϤĽŲ
ţ
ӡ
۾ģһ
ıȥţѵŽż⣬ȥţ쿪ţСˡ
Լơ
һ˫ִϣš
һ٣̧վԼǰ
ֻŰɫ£ɫѩףڵĿſڵϡ
ɻ˵´ˣ
һ㶣򴽣ܿߣͻȻľٶʹؿ˵ҿ򲻿š
û˵ȥ
ȴΪ֮ǰŵϢ鷳Լţʱ˼صǸţ겻֪㲡أӻԴϢȽϺá
ȫ֪Լһںڹ˵ﻳУ˵𣿡
ҿˣܺء
ߴ˵ŻǱȴӿ죬Լ¶ڡ
Һæڣû鵹
͵͵һ
ؼˡǣ֣˵ţ㲻ҪһܳԼһܳ
ͷѵˡ
ֻģͲԼģпһʶڰס˵جˣС̴򿴹𣿡
ҡͷ
С̴ڸУ£ž˯ˡ
Ǽһմͷ˯ȥı£ҹ侹Ȼ˯̤ʵػΪȶһ¡
˵꣬޻׼뿪
ˣһϲԺſȻ
һͼ橣ΪǱԼϺˣһתվſڲ֪ӣɸ֣ӭȥ
𣿡һֶҩһ˳ǣ֣סȥ·ϲ˵ţᣬϸոһء
治ɫ˵Ϲ
ڶ𴲻ˣݵĹѾһѡ
ȫǸ˵Ժؾͱ˴ˡ
Ťͷغš
ֻ۷Ϣˡ
ŲšЦüۣǣǰЩû˵˿ϸͷԸȥˡ
»صԼȱߣ̧ͷ꣬ʹ
ԵɵɵС
СС֣һĸ㡣
˵ţҾҪȥٰˣƢҲ֪ģû˿ųҩ˿ôð
橾ʵҪٰ
ǰټҵʥּ⼸ˣѷ⼸վҪѺٰأʱӿأѺٰɷ㿴ӵ˿ڣôأʱҲڣæ˵ʱҩԷҪǡ
һֳ̾һɫ࣬Ѿģһ粻֪֮࣬һɲҲԼǿ
橹Ȼü
ô꿴ĿΪͬ顣
ͷĬ
֪ҲаʾҲͿ԰¡
ע⵽橵ĳɡ
û£ʱԷ
ȫ֪˼Ĳӿظ֤š
üһ
ȴһ֣ʵеؿǰСá
ͷ˵ţõġ
վҪˣմȥݹ䡣һơ
˼һۣڿڲ⣺⼸սҵúܣҪȥվҪ˻ȥ׼
һֿؿе̣ҩ
ԼȡԼڴĻ
ţӣüëëëһС˵ԼȰ
橿ﻹʲôס
ɡ
ֽӹе̣նлӾ֮ȱչˣȻ岻ݴǡ
˼ЦЦʵûˣЩһͷʳ
ࡣҧгݵغ֣Ļ
ߣߣ黹ܶء
ЩȷʵæȺףˣȶѣһ˴ԾѷչˣŲմصˡ
λĬ
ԾһΣƳĬȥҩҩ
һֻǣһֻȥ޷˵ԹԵҩҩܿģҲҪŶԲеġ
һԷɡ
ķ
ꡣԽԽŵĻΪͷۣȥιҩȥһ߹Թš
һûӣòʵҿ𣿡
Ǳ̨ʣҿԵ
˸СħȻνصͷ
橲ɵ䣺ŪĶ
Ѿһͷ߷ŵİϣܵӦţͳһӣȻһſذ
˿Լջߡ
ҩɡ橰еҩ˹ȥʵôû׼۽㡣
ҪˡֱӰҩͷȥɫֲ䡣
оȣӹ룬һ̧ͿԼ
ȥϢɡ
ջߣȰ
֮ʲô㣿ʡ
橳˼Ƭ̣ҡҡͷδãŻڽݶӡ
һٰ𣿡˵򴽣ضսݱض̫ƽٰǴһߣȫġ
һ
˵ģŵġ
κ˹ݻȶ޿֣ͼıֻԽԽţǿսݿص׵塣
ٰ
Ӧٻȥ
Σһᱣġ
ԥڱ֤ţͳ棬ڵһ飬ҫ۶ᶨ
ѾٰվȽŸݼҲǵݼҡĿһֱϣſڣһΣ𣿡
ǻǧأһ˵꣬ص˶˲Ĭ
һĲ
橡
ɡ橱ܿȵߣĻί˵
򴽣ü۵ʹ
֪ͬڳѲʱץһɼϸԳŴʶ֪ͬſڡ
塣橾ȵͺһ
ءҲû뵽صŴæ˵
ûһһŵҾ˵ʶǸڹ껹ң֣ץˡ
塣橿߽ˣ
Ŵŵ̧ͷ̨ϵ橣ǴͺǿϲѾͷѾͷ
˵
Լˣȥɡʱ
ŴһǱ϶մ̻ңͷܵǰָڷûѾͷû
ûҲм
ȥ橵ȵգͻȻۿңһΪҰҲŪˡ
橱Ǽһᡣ
ȻţôҡŴǻ׵üëȷѵǲ塣
ҡͷһʱҲ֪˵
塣
һЦ
ŴüŤͷȥǸСӣһͷͿſڴϵСŮ
굨һܴ󣬼ŭЦеЦţֺһ䣺塣
Ŵ˺üۣͻȻһ㶣һСŤͷȥ橣ؿ˺üۣüëŤš
ҵġ
С𣿡ŴϴϲһѰᵽǰϸţԽЦԽ󣬡ѾͷСʱһģһ
СʱҲҵġ
һģһ
ҼСɡ
㳤һֶһѾͷСӡ
Ҳ̫ɰ˰ɡ
ӵϼЦӻ˺һͳһ龫µ֬У񣬼񡣡
ؿŤͷȥ橣һαû֪롣
ԣүү
ֻЦš
ԶԣҪүүˡŴֱǻȰ˳۾᲻Ųһ£갡ҼɰС
һͷ˲λֵֹүүøС
һֱĬԭһֱ橵ߣתꡣ
СʱҲ
ССһֻССȸ
ЦǣȴڲĿײһ
ʹһֱ˵ܸܵĿеҡ
ʱĿ׷ڣͬĿע
ǰضĶӡ
ڵֻǳĬţܿߡ
ʱϲѱĥһɶȻĶھһһδѺѾʧ
ֻϣܴúûȥ
үү࣬үүȥϴ谡һŴͻȻԼģС橻С
ݻ졭ŴͻȻ뵽껹ڱϣһתһƤЦⲻЦӣ鷳һ䣬Ҫϴһ¡
ͷſڵ˵Ŵȥ
ϮˡڴʱһʶԲѵ˲˽
ҼҾ챻˽ߡţһѪ˵ײײ˽


49 
౻ͻʱ, һûŰ֦̣շϹĺɫ, ɫȴʼɫ, ʶѾԲѡ
һʱǰ컬, պ˵ýһգۣͿ˼Ҵҵ˻һεֹסѪ˳ڵϵָ¡
һ·ʢ÷
վȴüһ, ƿ߲ٿһ·Ѫ
㻹Ÿʲô, ˵˵⼸顣Ŵ䵭Զջ, Ҫȥ橻ȥ
𣿡ʵ
ɡŴЦһСã֧涾, ǼҿеģǳƥҲȲ
ͫ΢, վԭز
ô, 㻹ҪȥŴѾ˯ȥ, ʵ
Ծ𣿡򴽣˵
ŴһõصԣҲȡ
Ӳͨ飬Ƣ
ʵ֪Ը񣬵Ҳ֪Լ, ҲֻԼá
ͻ˳˼˵һ䡮ˡ, ֻ˫ųأ춼Ų
ΪǶࡣ
ЦӯӯذǣҴš
ԭʺ
˱Ѫȶ
ȻЩԴű˲Ű飬Ρ
Ƕడ·ˣŨغۼˡ
ͷֻüʹ
ʵԼʱ㿪ʼηѪһһѶѪĸһεµѪһ㡣
ҾŴü㲻ãҵϡܲܣߵҲһϲ
橴ɫ΢΢ף֮˵岻Ըˡ
Ŵһ
ǻߡ˵š
߰ɡ̧ţĬس᷿ȥ
ŴغߺţüëԽˡ
жѾȥС̴ˡ鷿ڣԬһ̵ɷֱӴŲ£Ѫ·Ժӡ
ѷһһ˱նɱһ˱ֵܻҧԼһˣѾȥرճţȫѲ
˵䣬Ѿ̧ڣֱӱ˿˽
Ǿ綾Ǻζģ˵ţϴŵ׶֡
üĽ壺Σգҵڻа취
ɫ΢䣬ʶ
ǽ򣺡ȥ̴ٰ򣬶һ𣿡
ص˵
ûãſڴһͷǻгƨãʲôҽͨѧɶɶС
۾һʵĻʶ뵽Ŵתһ뵽Ŵһѡȡ
ſŴһӿĻһţֻԽ
ɫѿضŴ
ô˵ˡŴǺ
үү𣿡橻бŵ۾ż˿˯⣬ţģһ޻
ŴſϣϺ׽ӣǶ̵ó鴤
ûûءڨڨ˵ţǿװ˵ôء
һ˵ģҪԹԵС
ţԹԵġŴܵصͷڡ
ڵ˾ͿŸղŻը/ҩ˲ƻˣɫڲҲЦͷ
͵͵ѹЦһ̧ͿЦԼһ£ƿߡ
廹ȿһ¶ɣҴȥˡ
ŴǣҵصͷԽڻҵһаۡ
һȥŴߵĻ˼˻ûߣֹŲȥߣҿ
̧ſڵ橣ǰһ
ɡ橱ܿ
Сһ𳤴󡣡һл붯ҽΪΡ
峺ҲĶʹɥ
˶ˮҩײ𣿹ŹţˡڣŴͷ
ļԬţҲûҲһͬˡ
һʼ㶼Ѱ⣬ż˵䣬һڣһʱ˵ʲôȻ޴롣
ԣŸƿߡ
Ѿ綤ĹɣͲᷢʣµʹԺԲơ
겻ҪݰɣȥϢɡɳſ˵
ţſڵżɣ˵ԾȣһǿԾȵġ橵ͷ㱧뿪
ſ橻У۾ȴϡ
档ſС˵š
橵ͷ
Ա𡣡۾첲ϡ
һֱʹڴ˿̲סϣĿдҲ֪ļҡҷϵĶ˷ˡ
Ŀ̵Īվ˵ԡ
۾һֳ屧
һ㶣˫۵С֡
橶ΪȣΪҪ
Żúöİһֱܾ裬ٻȥ
ѡ
˿û˼ڨڨջ֣Сָ˼˵ţ̫ˣױۡ
ԭˡ橲üȤ
Ų˵ţʵ屧ܲġ
ӣϴλǸںڵĳ/ǹ
ȻһͻȻ
һ㶣Ƭ̲վ¥£ܲ˵橣ֱӰѳǹġ
û뵽Ͳ󣬻ͦǳ
㻹Ҫ橸Ӳˡ
Ťͷȥţѧһ±꣬ϲҲҪǹ
СӵϲֱӼ֮ڿڡ
ڵ΢
橵Ů
ֻҪޣ֮ڿڵ뷨ԺһðͷҲѹȥ
𣿡˶˵¶ʧ֮ɫ
ȥ橣֪һ꣬ͬƴҪһ
˵ϵյ
Ȼѹس橾ͷ
ǰǳѩһ蹵֮Ǹߡ
Ҳȶʱԥǲǻͬİ·õѡ
ֱտжĿһ
һƺصҹ´ѩҹ
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õҪʧȥ
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Һãѡˡ
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ʧȥ
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ǰһֱڿʧ顣
һΣѡԼܻһ⡣
ԥƬ̣˵ϵˣ
£ᡣû˵֡
֣§סĲӣԼҸλãЦ˵ʵҲġ
ȷʵûǸ˳/ǹء
걧أС
ǳ/ǹаʮһءʧЦôѾаʮһˡ
мﰡͷʵ
ʮ
ףͶһذЦˡ
аʮһ𣿡
š
橵ͷȻС
ٽﰡ׷ʡ
ô֪ʧЦ
ʧŶһ
һٶһ㡣
Сʧ䣬ѿڶ
һ㶣ⲻϣ𾪵ŶطϺ⡣
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СǸ˳/ǹҲˣö֮ΪУԵʱһ橺ϴ̾͵߳ˡ
ղһֱĬĸŮΪɵĶԻзģܿƵذʶһ¡
ۣȳ/ǹҮ㱧𣿡аʵ
⻰ֱһѻյֻʣ¾ȺΡ
ȥ˯
ȥ/ǹ𡣡
ͬ˵š
Īǳ˵ؿǣһ⣺Ҫȥﰡ
ȥ˯
ȥ鷿
һͬ˵ŶԷĴ𰸣һʱոӽӲˡ
ڴ˿̣ŴѪشţһ̧ͷͿſվŵˣɫӲֹ˼꣬ѻȫȥ
ڹŹأվȵһֱȸһ߶߶ˡ
㱧ҼСʲô첲ϣֱۡ
ϰ䳰ȷŸĻҲͦˣֻǼʵĶҲˣ
ˡŴ̧̧°ͣΪһЦС£ա
лŴ򡣡л
ءŴ˿񣬡ǿѾͷϣҿɲû¾ˡ
ЦţǴκԺĶٺҼѾͷվһû¾ͻ
ŴĻһѵ⧲ͱһ
ʶ橣ƺҪķӦ
ҲˣһȥϢɡ
ûĿ⣬ֻǰнӹ꣬ŴŤͷſͷȥ
ʧſУӻ֡
ʼգ橶ٿһۡ
ӣץʬһֻӥצԬֻѪĳ˵һǸӸɵġ
ǵӰʧԼǰؿڱѹõľʹ
ΪҪɱĽݴʷ·ܹܡʣǷȴɵӡ
ȶһѾ䱩ŭ˿̻һ٣ðű¶Σȥһ˸Ӵһˡ
Ԭԭ֪λش
ǣ˼ðԥ˵˭
˭뽯ѷڣŶʧȥѪɫݣаӿ
ѵǲҡԬ˵ţ˱Ѿһ飬ѷڽʮ̰꣬ȥ򶼲֪١
˱ûȷڶֲǾͱ¶𣿡üš
Խ˲Ƕ°𣿡˵ţȥ
ǲҹǽΪ˳档ԬͻȻɫ䣺˵ͨ
С
һֱȥֻ¾ֵ顣
ԴһҪˣҪʬнҼҾ죬Ҫҵ
ǡ
ҵȻҪдһţٰȥ
һ£ֻصϣɵطԸţԭҵ̿
ڻȶ𣿡ʵ
ǡԬ˫ȭգ˵ʬ嶼һѻˣȶˣƺҶ
Ҷ˼Ƭ̣˵
ҵ𣿡
Ϊûҵκζһŭ֮£ԼɱԬԴΪݺ˵š
еľٶǱκ۵˼
˶˵һݱ˭Ҳûһ޷˵ĴԣƫƫȴŲɡ
ΪѾ꣬˭ҲûеõǸ˵еĶ
ߺ󣬺ҵ󶼱߽⣬ʣµȫڳš
ǹǬʮꡣҲһŵαʱݹ鸽Ų¼ֳĬЩС
˶Ϊݼҵģȴ֪ǰǺںһֽģһϵеıﱻݼݡ
ôԼһ㺫ļƻɹп֪ȫò
ǸƻԼĻҪ󣬻ҪԶԭΪֻǣ浽һֱ躹ޣʼһӽģ㷢ƻҲԼĸλӡ
ֻһ
ıôһʶضҪһɿ˺һȫĵط
УĶ϶С
ȥŴΪλǱڽݡͻȻ˵
Ŵ뿪ٰöȥ
˵ǳϱˡ
ǵǬʮߵǰ£ŴҲʧһʱ䣬ֱʮ괺ҲݸβʱŻ
ǳ˭Ҳ֪ŴҲܹݣ˵ŴԴĿ޳ӣ󲿷־֪ܹݣҲᱨ
ɣŴ
ǡ
ȻҲѹӣչ÷˺ʮ꣬ȻҲΪ˸橱𣬸綤
Ʒݣ˵Լ񷨿ƣʵǽ塣
ˣڱһƺҲ˳¡
ֻǵʲô
 
ͷڣŴϴɾһȲ裬س̾һ
橰ٺݳ
ôڽݣΪһˮЦʵ
ҵҴææٰˣҽ۾͵ߣžˡŴЦ˵ţִӻͳһС
Ѱ㿴ɫ˵ţһԴˣһиҪ㡣
ʲô
һס˵ţҵǱŻٰˡ
ֻս
һ׽ң˵ǸġԼ߰İͳһͰ͵飬ŵ
СĽӹǱףɾۺۣ򿪵һҳһֽ룬湤дһʫѩ÷оϹ顣
ףⲻﵱ÷԰һʫ𣿡
Ŵۼ⣬˵ţǬԪ꣬ټǸϹϣͬλ˾ȳһʱģӲأ
дʲô
橿Ƥ϶µ֣۵׷һ˿⣺ǸҵģǸġ
Ŵһ㶡
Ű塣
ôһֱһǬʮ飬Ƕʮ괺յ飬ȴһϦ֮䱻Էֱʵ
ʮ׵
һֱɫȴԼıȡһ·
һֱ˿Уɫʱ׳ү׵
ǰʮеһж鹹Ļߣ౻ȰʱƵòԶ磬ɽտʫƺеһвŻȻöȥˡ
㣬˰Ŵſϣ¶Ͽüë𣬵ʵ
ûءۿ죬ȴûᣬֻЦ˵ֻǾ죬ˡ
ŴҲ֪ΪͻȻؿƵġ
ȥ˹ȥˡһˮţõġ
ÿͳһԶţǬʮ굽ҲóŻˣ֮ǰȥôڽݡ
橵
ôڱ߾ǻ
Ŵ۵һһˮ
̧ȥ橣ͼЦӯӯؿԼ
һ̻ζǱ;ѡ˹ţᡣ
Ŵڴţ䣬ϷͽˣҾǳȥˣʲô顣
岻Ը˵Ҳû£ֻϣܱԼЦ˵ȶΪųµġ
ŴɫӲ
ɫأֻ֪Ϊʲôȶ
˶˵ȶˣ𣬿ǲǰ
ˡ
ŴЦʱչϣϵԽԽ̷ӣ׽Щ
ȶ𣿡
յĹڵɫĳڰֻǳɵĺ
ҺȶȳҺ𺣡
ؿǰ飬ܶ鶼ʼмѭ
Ϊÿ궬춼Ҫһ
ҵֵֹġ
ƽöΪҪһԶš
㵱ȥȶ;ȥʱϲ˵ùȥס
һֱججĹӣֻϣƽ橿Цڷ֣鲻нԺҪͷϡ
ŴݵǵӣԼԼðһС
ôСﵱǲԸͷϣһֱڣǰף꣬Ҳ֪ңҲ
Ҳˡ
橳̾һǳơ
Ͼ˵ȶŴͻȻҧгݵ˵ţһ
֪ϣ
Ȼֻ֪СӡŴһ
ҲǲԸ˵˵Ҳ֪˵Ϊ֪Ҳ٣꺫಼´֮ԼһˣҺΪһΪԼ
ŴĨһԥƬŵ˵
һֱҶһʱ
֮ԼǺԤı飬ֻϧûʱˣǰæָˣ˶ֻҪغԼͺˣȴʱǳֵʱ򡣡
ֱݹرգǲ֪Ȼѱ䡣
ȶиãݸݹرպѸӣ֪˭ڱŪơ
橵ɴ۾
ûϵһҳġ
Ŵҧгݵ˵š
ȥȶΪȷĶ𣿡橵ʵ
ţڵġŴЦһһȺôҵںĶ
ֻǮˡü˵ţ֣ôһǮȥˣ
Ǯ
ȶΪ˽ǮͨġŴͣңôһǮûں¥ҵ̫Ǯѵаˡ
橳ĬƬ̣ǲ⡣
Ŵȡ
ÿʱʮ˽鱦ǰ֮ҡУ޲Ѹ£ȻڵڶվڽŴǮʱ䣬ϵǮ֮ࡣ
һֱԸգѵ̬ȼᶨһֱ˵дôġ
ԭΪսǰ¡
ڿǲ֪ʲôˣ
·תŴɴ۾һ𾪡
ţüë򼣬ǸڴϷС
ԭղűһ·
֮ǰﲻǰˡ


50 
ŴŻû˯ѵ, üͷ壺û뵽㾹ȻôǮ
ŹǷСֱۣ˵ûǮ
ôûǮ, 㲻Ǯ𣿡Ŵ§ڻ, Цк, үүȥ
ûǮյüĺɰҲű˱졣
ɫҲˣȥԷɡ橰ȳ, Ц˵š
Ȼδȫ, վѾƳ, ȫȽ䣬ÿһҪԺſھ
ݳ꾭սңһֱȶܷչ, һֱǲ²𣬲ӡ
ȶ, еʮִҡڵںˮ, ݺ;ݵľڽѷһֱûκηչ
ֻĮԼƤӵºаԵ, Һý¶࣬˲ЭңЩӵϤֻصУԴκ
ٷβۣǿָҲѰطҪ, ȶ֮·º󣬽ݴֿʼ
ˣҲˡŴܾ, ӻ֣ҴȥԷϢȺСӶ֪һ£֪ΧǸˡ
ƢرԹš
ֵĺӣֵȻ˲ϣˣҵȻ˹οš
ŴŵĳŻţҼѾͷġ
ҲԺɻ⡣ʿˮӻԾ˵š
岻ȥϢһ£ҵȻ͸˵š
˯ˣô飬һô˯šŴ۾ϣġ
ָŤͷȥ
ôƢŴԾǰô㣬㶼ģô㡣
橵ֱۣü
˵ˡ
ң꣬ôһء橰ıЪһɡ
ŴһҲˣ˸Ƿڰ֡
ߵһʱͻȻ˵ҿȥһ𣿡
ϲվʮ·ڣʵ
֪Үܺ档С˵ѾԼ뷨۹ⶼһ岻һҲһǶһ޶ġ
Ǻ뿿˵ģس̾һȻŹ꣬꣬˵ֵֹĻ
Ǻһ氡갧Թüָȹ꣬ͲƽˣǰѴ/ǹ/ǹ棬;ϲˡ
橿ǰŮƺ͸۵Զˣ
ѪԵ
ڴ֮ǰδǶֳǿҵȤ
Ҫ֪ϿƭͳԵģܺܵĹϵ
𣿡ͷʵ
ڿܺæνš
໹ڻԣѷʧÿһƴļ¡
Ŷʧһ˵ţǵ岻æˣȥ档
ȥɻɣջ𡣡Цۣܿͱתע
ڳæ˰ʱһɻ⡣
Ӳݶ˶͵ģһЦ¶һѩ׵
СİѻմˡĨһСȥװ̵ĸ㣬ȳһ𣿡
У̫ˡװӣŷŽʳ߰ɣȥүү
ԹǣסֳԺȥ
һ룬ڹ䴦ײһˣֱײϣȻһƨˤڵϣ˵һ
橱ŷǰ֮Ϊ졣
ˣ
ԲԲ𡣡Ԭ洦ˣ橺ӵĹϵ䲻˽⣬ҲһֱжţԬ
ûˤ˰ɡ˼˵ţæŰ˵飬ȻỹҪȥҵӵĶղߵü˵㡣
һˤҲޣֻǻ˱ôģһСԵЩ
ԬԽ˼
ûµģȥæɡ橼ͷ󺹣Ц˵ţСƤʵûµġ
Ĳ˼æˣһСǸԬҲżǸţת뿪
ͷûϵ겻ۡ
ˣӻδԷȭ׼ת뿪
ף廹ûԷ𣿡ͻȻ񣬾˵ţȥ͸ɣҲóԡ
Ԭҡͷѿڶãȥ
ͻȻͣԭߵĻһתðð˸Ըˡ
ûϴЩҲ֪չӡ̾˵ţ緹ûԣҲˡ
һ۷ˡ
ҸԬһ㣬ԬæͽȥɡףԬͶ൱˵Ŀһġ
⡭ԬʳУ˴̧֣ʵ˵
ƴǣʵǻҪȥһˣ˵ڻûһϢеĴҲ֪ôģһֱڱƽݣҵȥŰԱʱ֮衣
ҲͷˣȷԼӣһȥѰ
С˵š
ˣҸȥɣˣҲ¿ڡ΢΢̾һ
ԬͷЦԽڣͷˡ
鷿ڵƻͨŴϻӳŲ˵Ӱӡ
ûãű򿪣ӿһ
橴ܵһŴ۾ؿˣÿ䶼彣۾ˡ
Сڼ˳˴ţԼңҲҪ
մýݵǮ⣬ѷ̰˲ӿɶȥ㶼ãݵĲһ¾ͽ
ǽݵҪ˰ٺÿһǴ¡
л񣬾ҲҪòײżһǮͷ۵ͷ
ͷʱֻθһ鴤۵ѹסθֹסܣһˮѹѹһ
ꡣ
ʶ̧ͷͿһϤӰӰſϡ
ӡ橵ڶ𣬡ҿԽ𣿡
һ㶣橻ǸӰӺһ˵
űƿ橶ʳгԼǰҡҷɫȹϣŽɫëߡ
ôˣվŵˣգգ۾ǿ׳ƽţǳʲô𣿡
Ԭ˵ûԷҲûԡеʳУȴ˶˱Ӻ̯һһŸԵĶûط
æ̯Ķ£鵽һصţ˵̯Ӷ࣬û׹٣Ҳࡣ
橰еĸŵǰ˵Ҳñǡ
ػصãҲЩˣ׼һˮȴŲǿյġ
æˡš
һϲź֮ǰЩǶ׼ģڶһ£Ӿ͹û
橷¿յĲǸߵ걧ϣͻȻ̾һ
֪ΪͻȻЩִ٣ǿװ򶨣һ
ˣг𣿡橰ֱѱĲߣʵ
С
Ӵ綼ûʳҪЩ׿˻ĶǽģЩӲһ¶ӻУǳԶˣϻܵġ
ͷһᣬҸһ档
̧ͷŵؿ橡
˽£ΪƴɡƵЦ˵ţΪˣδһҲ׬ˡ
ԭϲò
ҲԡŸһڿҧţֲڵ
ţãҪԹԵģҪҶϵĶ橵˵ıӡ
ںܿʣꡣ
һͲˣҪѶ档
壬ô԰껰룬ﵽȱߣͷʵ
˱ϣôˣ
ܺóԣҸӣͳԲˡӣģܺóԵģԳԿ
һ֪Լġ
㰮Ը㣿ʵ
԰ϲǺ«ϲĶϧﲻϲϲģ˼˼ÿ󷹶Ҫζ궢ǵ㣬֪һ飬
ʵûס
ͳӸ֡
ʶ꾪ȵָ·֣˵ţ橡أ̹ҡ
ϵܺáҲ֪զģͻȻðһ⡣
ðöСԵģһ겻ö顣ҡͷԵ˵ţҲܺõģһƣȥŶˡ
üǰǵˣͻȻһҲԡ
겻⣬ֻĪúЦ
Ҳ԰
ʲô橶ܿ죬ֻһ棬ûžɵɵЦʵ
Ҳ֪ղ˵ԣҲҪԡϥǣǰԲ˵š
̧ȥ
ֻһƽߣȴĪֱ˿̽ܵĸоԭеɬģ˲˴˿̵Ĳ˼Σֻùƽ˵ţѡ
橱Ҳûȵһ𰸣˰˵Ӳ԰ɡ
ڲ輸ϣ͸һŷš
԰ɡ
أءŬš
ģû嵰ɫˣղһ˲ٸ㣬Եˣ𣿡ϸš
걻˱ϣСȣصͷõİ
˳棬棬ȴֻ̻м˺һŵȴĿҲĺʢ硣
̰һζСĵسԽһڡ
۵˿ڣȴ޾
԰ɡ橿Ķʵûסҿ԰һЩ𣿡
Ҳῴģֻ˱Ͳӣ鼮ֿš
ǿһڡ
˼ڣųһһֱθڵõ˰
£Щ鶼ˣֻҪƤźɫ˱ˡ˵ǽݵ񣬶ڶⶼǣڶ࣬ò
ǹôҵġ˵һ䡣
ɰɾˣдΰ͵͵ȥƽ͵ƺȣŪ˾ƵλãˡûûεسЦš
ôôࡣĶʵ飬ְں棬ֻüװνز⡣
ղŸջŪˡ겻Сڣֱ۷ɫȾϺɫ˵ؿֱЦ
ꡣغš
زӣͷ档
ûµģմȥ·Ц˵š
ϵĶߵϣüӣԽܡ
Ҳжһ̧ͷ˵װ׵ġ
̧ȥͷϻۡ
ȥ
ѽֺˡ꾪˵š
ԭ橵ָȾһ̿һʱϺڰ׽ӡ
èֻ
ȥӣȴӲˡ
һǰ
㶵ؿǰӣ½һ֡
ӱϴ÷ɼǾʹõġ
Ķ
ɡͷ
̧ͷȥúĿײһ
İڵҡҷ纣˳ԣĬעһ˵ʱ򣬽ͬ١
ͳúÿ˫ۻָֿͶһ°УüëڷϣƺʻƳա
˵Զ˵ɫһ˻ҵ԰Ρ
橲ɺһ
ˮٳٲϽӹȥ΢򣬻սָС
ˣӾͺˡֱ̧ӱܿߣϺҵزһ¡
ﻹСɾֿԼָָֻȧǵλá
˼δع飬ʶ׿ʵ
ָȵỮ
˸Խԭһ˺һһջ֡
ûˡһ̣ͬʱʹƫƫԻھȣڱֻ˵š
ѵû˵¶һ˫ԲĴ۾һضǰλ˿
ĵûͦİ
ſڴһģҧгݵ
ѽһæǸԲס壬ңҡ
ԲסŴ°ѣģ¸šʱš
Ŵֱ橣ɨ
㻹ӻ𣿡伥Цţ
˵
ʲô˼橲ԣʵ
ߡŴõһ
үүһ㣬ܹͷ˵Ըòá
˳棬ҳ⡣˵ţȷʵʹˡ
ģԷ
ܰͷҼҴæˡŴ곯ȥȥȥһ
橡
һͳӰ
ҿô
Ťͷȥ
ԶƵһƺ˶˿ϻ̳Ͽ֡
˵ġ橡˿橡˲ֻû㱲˼顣
Ϊ㻹кܶᣬһһδˡ
׸˿˵Щɽҹ̫ůָ¶̫Ӳյڴ˿΢΢һӡ
ӡ橱ܿߣˡ
ߣſڴŴץŭ
һӻǻ橰ɡ
һܵĳƺͻ𽥹̵ˮ˳٣ٲ
ȥıӰͻȻְסࡣ
ÿһμ涼ĥÿһطꡣ
˺ѷεֹһ
Ĺ⣬һ˼ҩ
 
ҲҪ
Ҫ
Ķˡ
ȫˡ
ŴذѾ¥Ĳ˶һ飬õĴһʼĸ˵ľڶҲһʼ˷ܵڵĳü
ǻûǮ𣿡Сʵ
ʧЦȻᡣ
Ŵߡ
үүǺƢˣЩͲˡ
˭˵İŴ۷š
ôණжԼСӣʵ
Ŵһӵķ˲
ǹ͸©һȥ
ߣѾͷҲ仵ˡּõţֱֻĿһ̳Ӿƺȥ
ܿϾ˲ˣӸԳš
껰࣬ǲҪ˵
Ŵһ˵һ߳ԣһӵĶɨ£ܿͱԵøɸɾ
Ŵͣͣƿţүү
ۣ˰
ۣҲˡ
橲ȾƣֻһյеغţͻȻĿһһ̱ϵһɫµˣƽ棬ͷдһ˵ĺۡ
̲סϸˣ¶һɻ˼֮ɫͻȻɫ䡣
ÿÿͷ׻ҵͷ̧żʬ壬ţ·һεѪӰײ
£ÿ
Ԭͷ󺹣š
̯ĺˡԬ̯ʱͻȻ
Ԭһ㶣ʶ̯ȥδӦͿһɫӰԼǰһ
ʬȥ׷
Ӧ죬Ըţͬʱǿ˷˶ȥ
ôѾͷг𡣡ŴҧһըĮĵʵ
һӦ˵ˡ


51 ĥ
ѱŰΧ, Ԭһ£ܿʹǰΧ£һСаǸ˴סˡ
㣡Ԭۼֿ, ֱж°, ҧԾ, ŵÿϸģһʱһ
ΰɱˣлһѣǰˡ
ĸ, ¶ɫӥᡣ
ôӥ, ӥצ
ӥḺ𴫵Ϣ, ӥצŸɱ
ץ˱ѹڵϣ۲˵
ߣ˵, Ȼ޵ġԬ½󣬺
˶һ, ǿŲ˵
ȥ
ϧ, һ㡣Сڴһ
ԬվڳĬ, մ۵Ĺü䣬̵òۣԥƬ̣û»ݣתڵľƵȥ
ˡ˾¥橹
Ŵãʲô򲻷, ֲ졣
ԬίСţ˵δ롣
ţŴһ㶣ҧŵͣԶ, Ťͷȥ橡
򴽣ʱ³æһ鴦õġ
Ŵüһ׽ӣͻȻҧг˵ôо̫á
ӿ˵ÿζòԾ
δˡ
ǻ쵰͵ӣӶ˶
׼͵͵ȾƵ걻һѾƱԼԴҡ
ԬۼֿץסְְסľˮһҲûͷϡ
СġͷФ˵С̲ס
һͻȻСȻеӡ
λС￴ȥСɷ뿪ˡ
գۼ˼
Сգգۣò˼橻С
˭СŴֹţʵʲô
ԬеľƱ·£Сѯʵץסˡ
橵ͷ
ʶԥʵǴκ̽
Ҳʶ橻˵ֻǼһѡ
ǲһӥᡱʵ
Ԭʧɫͷǣ
ȶü˵ţȶǰӥ£ӥۺӥץסӥۣȴӥˡ
Ԭձڽѹ󣬲֪£ü˵Ҳ֣Ҳδɱѷˣߡӥ书һֱʺϢ
Ϊȣ˾ȻԽӹѡ
㻹ǵõյһӳȥ˵ò򶨵
ԭ˱ץˣ⽻һҴҳѰˡ
ҡҡͷҲǵãԼһ棬Ϊʱ˵һ仰Ϊ˺ӥ۽ߵѾ˼˼ûĶͷҵʱһۣ䲻סòס˵λá
ָָԼĶͷУģΪ˼˼˵ʱöܣֱˣλõѪˡ
վǰָλá
š
ôˣԬֱӰӵˣΪ𾪡
ɨһۣԬʶ첻˵
ڻܻȶ𣿡ͻȻʵ
ҡͷ
аѳȶƺʲôĿ޵ɨŴ
κŴ޷ӦŻףʵغžƣȻ㲻顣
Ҳˡü۵ʹʧ˵
ҲؾҲأҪ֪Ҳص˶ȥˡŴһЦţ˶Ҫʮȫʮĺ°
вһֱþӰѳȶ뿪ǾͿȥˡţδԸҲǷԸġ
ڰٰ㼸˺áŴسһİߵĴʣҲ̵ֻغžơ
һԬЦ˵ţʲǷʴݴЩ
Ŵ˺һͻȻŭеıӱžһˤڵϣСӣ˵ʲô
Ԭһû뵽ȻôһʱվΪ֪룬Ҳŵˣ۾ɵ¹Բ
ŴǸҲûȥˡ˵š
ԬֵǸܿתߣһȴŴԽĿһָ΢һ
塣
Ŵ򡣡
Уͬغһ
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Ϊһƣ˵ǳ÷峢
Ŵָе룬Ϻ֮ɫŨأɿĴ۾Ż³һְϣǨŭţۡ
ѾŴˣлŴȶ֮Ҳ˵ţŴǻʲôֻܹ˼ɡ
Ŵָģ˵ģһ㡣
Ц˵ţ˵ģڿҪŲԺȥˡ
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ֻſڴϣ￴߶ˣŴ˼Ĳӿ֪
Ǻ«һֱС˵ţСָ¥µ߹СǸСġ
ȥɡŴͷػӻ֡
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°Ŵ̧ƺڿƺٿˣȥȥһҪһСѾͷչ𣿡
ֻô뿪
Ŵ뿪ıӰŶࡣ
ôֻʣһˡ
ˡ
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һߣ걧Ĳӣ峺۾ؿ
㱧ɡ˵
ððشˣ
Σֻð˵ݵУϵ˻δã굥š
ԣԼԹѰλã˵ߣȥǺ«
˲֪ʼ·
ôɾ껨ɡһ򻨵СŻ󷽷˵ţһʷˡ
ԭӻһ٣Щεվԭ
ˡСգգۣؿ
һֻ䳤б˹ؽӹЦ˵ţڻһ
Сһ£Ϊ˵ţҼԼֵģҵֻġ
ۣúÿ߸˵ضԼͷϣÿ𣿡
ÿ
óɾСͷͯ޼ɵ˵š
һ㶣ȥꡣ
ҲŴ۾
ǮһƤһĻ
ǮС˵ӹǮü䣬˵ż黰ףλͷϡ
ǲǡ
̲סڽš
߰ɣǺ«ҪԶˡԶĿĲϣ˵
Ǻ«ͷҲ̧ŻżţҪǺ«
бһۣȴ¶һǳЦ⣬ʵüĿʱ
ƽעűʱ߹ǣĬһЦʶʱ绯꣬粹£Цɽ
㹻ɫòʱ˲ֱӵɫ
ƿߣ˵߰ɡ
꽩ӲŲӣͷ϶Ǹһ֦ԵЩ
ѵû˵Ĵ۾شתţֱǺ«ûͣ´Ŀ⡣
ôˣһ·ͷʵ
úֹ֡ţȴԸ˵
ûµģϰСĪ߶߶֣ҪȥˣǲҪ˼ҡ
ǲ֪Ĭػصվſڡ
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ȻСҲ룬һڻؾ
ʧŶһ橱ȥһİ
Ҫ鷿ҲУһֱǹҲһֱû޼СӽҲϼҼݻˣһ档ûа껹ȥţѵ֪Ǹӥ顣
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ҪȥС𣿡ͷΧ/ǹתˣʵ
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Сϰ䣬һЩСߡͷ
ȥ
۾һͷ
չ˺Сױš
ǡſŵױͣ۾ϣ񼤶
ˡǰڻһϸСüë壬תһ˵չ˺
ʧЦͬͷ֪ˡ
űıȥ˸ڵԺӡ
С˭һֱڱϵ橿ʵôʶӡ
֪޾ŮѾҪӣһ߽һ߼һš
һǺ«ʶģҲ֪ʱĽ𳡾ˣǱסġ
û뵽걳ȷṦΰһʱҲŵʵô˵޼ǳһĸŮ
һѱġд˼䣬ַܿŵһ࣬һţܿ죬ֻ˼һ±ʡ
ʱ޾İӻûץ֤ݣܸõرĽ䣬ǰתױ޼ҷ򸾵ʬϼңĽһֱŻȥˣղŻ
˵޾ֱͱ˺ġ橵˵ţѷôĵ
̧ͷЦӴΣֲ󣬻Ǳͬİ취ˡ
䳰ͻȻһ˵ҡ
ϾѷҵĸɶӣڽݣڴҲܡ
ǽ˻𣿡Сš
ˣϸղԬǷ˽ĸӵʬȥ̧˵ģ֮㣬ײץǸŹֵӥᡣ
ˣǰץֺ橳˼ţΪˣɱڣ߳ŭֱƭˣǻڵģ
ѷ̫ЩΪı˲ӣγɼ˵ϰߣһļ¼ӣûҵ˱
ܿ죬ɨһۣܿеıдš
ڱˣҲ֪˱Ρ
ʣȴ̨ѸɺԣֻȥĥΪ˱ܿϸ߸߶ĶȾīһʱΪΡ
ĥɡ
橼Ƿӣīæòɿǰæš
δջ֣͸оָָϷ
ָ΢ĴеһֻСȸָϣһë޵ĴУͬʱǹɾñ÷ζζ㹻ȴǸʧ
ӣ橼ͣŲɻһ
лջָ֣໥Ħһ£ǿװ򶨵ؼӡ
һӣȴһҲȥ
ҲδأΪ˵õ˱ӶڣΪβ޼ҷһֱ˶ڼڣ˱׷鷳ϾѷУһеĳŵÿп
վ࣬ĬƬϸ˵š
ҵǾúпǲûҵ˱Ӷ߳ŭɱˡ
ͣʣ̧һ橣дһ˿ȡ
ŷԼˣ˼ͷǺ˵ġ
˵ĺܶԡ΢΢һЦüţһ˿Ц⣬ԭҲôģͷǵĵطûзֿɵĶ
ԶҪѷصú޶֪Ҫͱˡ
橵ͷ
⴫һŲ橺ܿܵ紦
ǹɵ÷ζܿʧڱϢ䡣
һ˲ȻЩʧ
ӡԬŶ룬ϻɢȥѪζ
ߴīջأ̧ϵɫ»ָĮ֮ɫôˣ
Ǹӥȷʵҵӥᣬ֮ǰʧܣһʱûԾץһߣŰµ¡
ӥ˴˶ǲ֪ݣֻдŵģǸƺֶΣÿ鶼ݣȶǴξյ˵ϢҪĿĲȥϢȥ䴬
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ǵһĴӦþģΪ䴬Ҳֻ֪Ƿ£˭֪֮УŲ·»˴ϵӥצգײȥɱѷ
Ϊڳǻ
˵Ҫһˡ
˭
ֻ֪˵˻ԼԼĵطǸ
˶Ǹ
ü
Ǹ߰ˣ𣿡ʡ
ԬҡͷҲ֪˭ӦǴκˣΪ˵Ǳؿ
˵ϵ׷İʧڽݵġ˼Ƭ̣ڶʵ
ǡ橵˵ţʱϾ;ýݲԾ֮һֱοȶ볡
Ԭڻһû뵽澹ȻŷˣСسڿȥ
ǵľǽѷһж˵ùȥˣ¥ҲֻһݴʷڸǣҲ˵ΪʲôҪڽѷʲôѱ
ӦˣôӥҪ޼ɵη壬Ҫǰѱ̫ҪѾ˼ɲˡ
ǸԵǱ˱Ҫˡ
ĸʡ
һСڣ֣ɽµĴƽݣǲƫƧ˰ɱҲ̫Σˡ
ʲôʡ
ͺͨûʲôͨġԬʾ֭ػţŶŭĿգݸ׶һһĺۣ˸оҪجΡ
Դûɶرġһжͦġ
ȥɡ֡
Ԭº橴תͬһء
Ͷˡ
쿴ſ𣬡㿴ߺ񰡡
ſڣһΪСӴСߣ˳ؿϣ¶һ˫۾Цеģϵȴֲ
޽أ˵͵ģҲҪСţҪЦŵģҿе㺦¡
ĽСĽӹеߣϸţ˵̳ߣ˵ᱣҵġ
ĿͻȻߡ
ŭĿ
˵
һ㶣߽Ҳϡ
ߺϵΪƣҲвͬϸۣһһĴɫۿͷΡ
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̳ϣŭĿҲϱ߲ŻṩΪνҲС
ݿˮҲˮĸǡ
һ˿ʡ
ΪᱣҰĽΪڸԼ˵˳ְߴϣƵ͸ߴ㿴ҵԴôֲߣܱҰ
Դ
橺һۣͻȻȻ
񡣡
ͬ˵š


52 
էڽʮвɽ¶ˮ, ƽƽ档
󶼲ǽݱˣе׹ˣҲЩ߾С, Ӹ仧, С, ܰȫ˶
ڷֽʬ壬ŽŭĿ˭Ҳ֪ʲôʱģֻ֪Ҳʮʱˡ
ԬýǰĲݴԣָָǰխС
߾ܿ, ͦС, ôһλ, ܱҲûʲôˣҲûʲô𣬾ͼͷ̫ʱʱһ¡
˵, Ϳһͷߵü, ΧһҲĮ, ֻǾʱ, ̧ɨɨܿˡ
˶ֵֹġԬο
Ϊʲôֵֹġʡ
ԬԴ֮ǰ׷Ѱʱ򣬷ִ˴󶼷ǳĮҲǵͷ֮ҹҲ͡
˵Ƕ, ҶʶˣǶ֮ҳ, ԵĮһ㡣
ţ橾ȷš
Щ֣ҲǲȫšԬ̾ʵ߾ϵİմЩһЩˣ֮ǰսҲϵʱΪ⡣
ü
߰ɣȥǵĻ˵Һ档
һ˺ܿǼưܵǰάƬ϶˿˵СڴɽС䣬롣
ΪʲôҪǴһ·ɫ⣬С·ߣЮһ˺Сɽ·㡣
橿е񣬹ȻԬ˵׺ᣬŵĴ磬õ÷Խ죬Щ¡
ĵžδĻҳֻдֱԷ·Ϊг߶ԵøɾһЩ
ͦ¡
ţЩͷ̫ÿݶģƣйԬָָϵĹƷ
Ǹˮ޹ӣüŴҲ˼ݣյعأҿûؤסĺۼ
Ԭһ㶡
ؤ޼ҿɹҹܷ粻ܶͨĵط㿴Χҳڣ̤㡣ţɫء
ҿʱΪƵɱˣҲ̫ױˡ
ͷߴķ
ŭĿգħ
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Ԭһŷϵذ˰ݣϿʼĦŷ
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Ǿ֣Ľ챾Ϊ𣬽ݿķﲻһ𻹲
ĽǸǲǺ̫ˡ橲ʵ
ͷǾ޾֪ˣµһš
޾ΪʲôôͱɱǲҲҵʲôܣ޷ŸĽǸš橲š
ҡͷ
ԴԶ
ϵԬһ·ͷµһأֻ֨һͷͷ𲱳һѷ죬ϸСģδɾķ϶ϵĻ˵ľ»衣
橺һվſڡ
Ԭֱͷ˳¿ȥ
иصŷϣ˵š
ͷж𣿡
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ǱѰ˱
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ſˮüȥˮ
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ˮ١Ϊˮأ
İ
Ŀⲻ
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ϸڵɫ۳һ͵Ļȣ֦ҶϸƤĪƲߡ
ӡƽڶ𣬡Ԭôû
̧Ϳһ˫ʪţ峺ɽҰͫУǲס׵ǵ
̹ڴöķ˼֮Բλࡣ
΢óеӣˮ
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橶ӣٳûнӹ
ֻǲֶѡӵֻսü΢΢£ϵ㱻ɽ紵/˷֡
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ȫӳģڵ綤ʼطţ۾Ѫ˿˿ĺƫƫ֮
ǲ۵עűˣܸƺĴ
һֱ㣬㡣
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ز֣ȴᶨü΢΢𣬿ɫȴɣӿǰ˵ⷬԸһȥ
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һСŮһɣˮаŮȳǰ߲Ҫͷ
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ţȷʵһֱȥλСɾûƭȻһλӢۡ
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ʵ
Ҫˡ
㿴ǵˣڿץһѣҵչϤץģͷЦţüۺЦᣬ⣬ˡ
رۡ
ܿվҺܸˡջ֣ϸµã˵ʱʹͬԴ߻ϲ

溰һ֡
ҲѰһǰߡ
ݼҵĽŲͣڳϡ
ת
ۣһ˿ѪսеӣֱĨȥ˿Ѫ/ľͰϴȥеѪ˿
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ӳ˵˵ķ޳ϲŭ֮ɫܰƳһ֪飬Ļˡ
磬ʵ顣
ӣˡԬԷɫͷҳ˵µĵصȻֱͨңڲǷͷλã󱳾ǿһ˲ͨСš
һǱǸСλü˳ֽԼֵܣų˵صӡһһСһһᣬս˴ŶӦǰԤ֪˽ҵȻ뿪ܿץǵĺˡ
ǵȷʵڽпˣʶΪǱ˽ߵġ
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橾ʵӦӳ˲ǣôᱻץס
˱Ҳ֪ڷͷУߡ
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ͷʵ߶ĸ߶ȡԬȻţ˵߿϶ǹģҪߡ
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ԬͻȻɫһ䣺Ǹͷɱġ
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ٿ̧¶һ˿⡣
ƣҾҪ͵ǰſڣһڵľСлȻŸղŵɽǸͷ
˿ͷֱ֮ͦǰηӣĿϡ
Ǵû˱̸⡣̾һƺڳЦĲ֪Ҳƣһžˡ
ǽݵ㣿侲ʵ
и߰мĿһɨĵĵͷһשһľǽѷԼģԼ޶ɥ֮ҲֻأԹء
Ȼѹ֮Ȼϧ˵ţγ彣
еڿдһתľͷƳɵȴƫƫн֮
Ц˵ţǿǴ飬ҶԣҺõģⲻ͵Ҫ𡣡
ֻɫأվǰ
ȻᣬһЩӡɸߵñžһģ۵ײûЦⷴѪȷ񣬡Ƥ
ϴõǷܵܵһۡѪĿϣҾȶֱۡ
ЦһԼͲҪֵ
˲΢΢һܿͽһ
ĵһխسڽɣ֮ɽأˡ
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ڵʯ䷢̶۵һӵ˲ָܿԳ
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ɽɡңŽʮɽɽСڶ࣬ǻȺɽдɽ뿪
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ò׿ֻ֣߳⴫һ˿
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ûСزɾϵѪֱѰѪȫĨȥŻջָ֣ףҰ׵ָ¶Ѫ˿
лӾ֮ŵϥԼǰ֮ˣʶ
˰Զ˵ģ˿ڣƤףһ˾ͷƬɫȥ
ɡ
Ҫҡ
橡
ͷѪָ⡣


53 ͨ
ҹеĽȺɽ, žݷһֻޡ
ɽһԶ͵ɽ·ϻ£֮˱Ƚ, ɽ·δγ·, ߡ
ԶԶ¿ȥ, ԿɽŴһƻͨҫ
ȥԱܿκ̽ǰԬС˵
橺ϴˣ䲻, ϵǱ˵ĺۼ
м, 
֮ŹŹֵĳĬ
ôˣͻȻʵ
һ١
Ԭͣԭ, ˿ȥ
֮ǰСһ¡橵˵š
üǰһ˵Ҵȥ
ʶһһ˫۵ӳһԼ¹, յͫʼΪж峺
Ķ, ϵʧڸǲס, , ü۵ʹȥȻЩ
ԼߣءĬƬ̺˵
ɽХѪ죬Ӱ˽£߲, Ť
ˣﻹȫӴȥ, ǶҲЩһֱĬԬ˵䲻ԶǸǷѲɽǵĴΣա
Բü
ȷʵǸӣǸ˵ķӣղվֿڵǿֲһĻŵˡ
橰Ŀϣ˭֪ԭܽ·˲俪ʼӣţԷʹ/
书ǿûˡԬһֹֻۣţ󵫻
ϣǰ˸š
ǰҼˡ
ֻһ̾Ϣһִֻļϣʶһһͷȥ
Ȼȥ˵𣿡ڶ䣬УδؿϷŹǡ
𣿡һ㣬ֲ˲Сʵ
עĲ¹µİ۵Ķ䶼һ⣬ƽطܷȫʵ
򴽣ͷˡ
ܾҡ
橡
˱ʱ򣬵ţһ˿δĴͱ΢
ֻǱۣĬš
Դ֮ǲ㱡/Ĥͱ/ƺ֪
̫ϰ׷һ⣬ȴǱ׷Ǻá
橵һ˲ˡ
㲻ٴŽˣм㣬ֹܲΪǺŮɽ·ϣ˵š
橶һڰʧŴ˵ǸӴܿ̽ȫĴƻش˸֮ſЦţȥ
涣Ѫ߰ߵ·ϣСã
ͷٰ
Ҵٰ
̧ϤֲϤ
ģ͵𣬿ƫƫƺ˲٣䣬顣
Բһٰͣԭͷȥ֮ˣе˳/ɼǼ˵ٰȷʵȫġ
ңҲᱣġ
ɳſ˵ţ˵仰üѣֻսҪ뻳Уȴ̫˵
˫ĺε۾Ӧ橵òǧȴֿƵز֮ڿڡ
һῼǵġ橴˵
һżǰš
ڵҹͻȻѣҪȥ橣ԺӵŴæ·ˡ
ûµģûµģܿͻˡŴ岻סˣֻð˱ǰԺȥһҹδ橻
۾޵Сˣ˳صͷСңдʡ
Ҫ
ȥˡ
ҲҪ𡣡
ŵĶ۹۱ӵ˺һСĳʵڿɳС˵Ŵڵţȷ˻ˣһһʱ֪ͬС
Ŵͷꡣ
֣ίش˵Ҫ
ȡȣȣǾȡŴϵС磬
ҹŴȥƬ̡˶ε˵š
Ŵȥꡣ
ԥؿһݣֿ۴ţȻһ߼ľ룬С˵ðɡ
ױȴɨһӣ֮ԶȲ͸㣬ڵ˳ȥ
Ŵ˼ؿλĶ
ȥˣ꿿ŴУŹǷС˵껹ûֿôá
֪ʲôʱ𣿡Ŵıתš
³ŰСң˵
Ŵһ㣬ͻȻһͷǰͷ˵СһˣȻһ
˵˵𣿡ŴСʵ
궯һ٣֪ΪͻȻˣŻŴϥǣһܵš
ôˣ䡣Ŵ⣬ܵϣҪȥ
ԼųһţԴһСһԼ
ôö˶˲ˡŴȥꡣ
˸£ͷرܿ֡
ƢôôడСʱˡŴһƨڵϣ̾ǸСӡ
СһǴСԵˡ
ҧгݵţԼҰײ˱˵ơ
µ죬°ͣСţ˵š
СԹԣ㵽ôˣ
Ҫ֪ҰŪˣҪˡ
Ҹղ˵ɶˣû˵ɶ
ŴԴ߶߶š
ǲǶƭҡƵ´
Ŵһûƭ㰡
˵ȥ˺ԶĵطԺġС˵Ҳ˵ȥ˺Զĵط
۾Сͨ죬С˵ţҾ岻ˡ
Ȼ¶ձﱧڻвֻҵʱߵһˣֻʣһˣȴͻȻ޽˵Ļ
˾Ͳٻˡ
ˣҲˣ˼˼ҲˣƾҲˣڼſЩ߸ߴҲˡ
Ҳᱣˡ
һ£ҲһµѹŶһνһ
һֱǵ׻꣬˺þöûҵͻȻú¡
ǲҲˡ
Ŵԭ
Ҫ
ʵ´ĿһֻС޷ġ
ŴְֻۣڻС
СԹԣϾͻûƿ磬οš
СţȻõһ¡
޵úһŴǸ̾ţԽۣҲ޵ġ
ﱧǿųѾͷСѾͷ
顣
޵Խˡ
Ҫ
ŴҲʼżⲽʱʱ濴ȥ
ҹĴϿյڰŷ綼Ϣشվſյڷҡҷ°߲Ӱӡ
ӻˣ˻ˡſͻȻ˵
һ㶣ŴܳСͳȥ
ССĮ̇סż֣ˤš
żһСèСվſڻȻš
ǡұָָ
ڰУ˻˳μߣ޳ֱƺһˡ
˵߻
СһС/һ˳ȥ
ϣСİˤˣʯͷСİŴָȥܵõײײһŵˡ
䣬Ȼžߴһˤڵϡ
ꡣ橴󾪣Ҫ
ֻð˷¡
ʧɫæǰ˱
걻˱۾ǿСţۺ᣺
ˤˣ۲ְۡ˱ȴ˺һ֣˹ȥԼС
ˣҪˡ
һ仰˲ֹסĺޡ
ʪģ۾ͨ죬Сؿ橣лſǻˣ
ءóӸôˣ
ﲻˡ˲Ÿ¶һ㺦ίɫҪ橱ֺѹ˿ڣֻõͷί˵Ҳˡ
һ㶣ͫﻹŻźͿ־壬׵С
Ϊ֪ʲô־òܡ
ͷȥĸŮ
جˣӲı
ԼȻһ㣬ԽԽǽš
ָͷ˵
ɡСͺٿޣ˵ѹֵĿ橿ֻۣҪ˱
ǵؿĽš
ûµġִ֣Ҫӹ
Ҫˣ屧§Ĳӣᣬ˵ţҲȥ˺Զĵط𣿡
橿Խѹͷţȥ˺Զĵط´ﲻ뿪ôˡ
գ۾һԹϣ۾ȴһֱ橡
ͻȻգգۣ¶һ˿ϲɫȸԾ˵ǵǲҲ
һ㶣һ˲䣬еһ˲ɨԼߡ
ȥ˺Զĵطǻ˰ǵҲȥ˺Զĵط˵ţܿСʵҲȥˣǲǺܿͶˡ
ղŻҶţڿ־Ķǻϲֿʼ˼š
Сԣȥ˺Զĵط飬ƺúףƺ벻ס
Сڵĵ߸ߴģ԰ڼءһԽճˣҪסֲſϰ
˵߻֮˵ƲƲ졣
԰
û˵ĸ첲ϣʵϱ۽ţ֮
˵ֻ߶߶ţ߰顣
֪Լܶ࿴ɻ̲סһһεɨ
ֻشԼֱϣѶܸоĵ¶ȣһůֲҡ
һ˻߽վվڵݼ£ŷԭǱ橵ȹȾѪ
żվſڵŴɫһ䣬첽̨ףˣôҲѪǲǲŤˣ˵ˡ
ſţСţһǡ
ûµģСˡ橰ո鷳ˡ
Ŵͷػ˻֣żطȻȥҸҩ
ôûҼѾͷŴһתſüë𣬲˵š
´βˡ򴽣֤š
ûŤͷȥ˵߰ɣ塣
һֱӴ橴Ҵһط䡣
󣬶ǸӰĬš
һ·ϣ橶˵
ɽ;нˣѾԶԶġ
ǿ߸ߵĴʯͷϣǳ¹ϣ߽࣬ѡĬرܿߣĥߵա
ֱԬĳ֡
ڣŲ˺۵¶˳ˣĲҲб˵ĺۣ꿴ۿˡ
һ
ӣ鷳ȴȥɡ˵š
걧Ĳӣҡͷ겻ȥ
ǲȥˣôֵôءŴóҩˮüʵǴˣ
ţˡ
ҵķӡŴüĺݺ𣬡ôǸ˥ˡ
һ࣬лָ̧꣬䲻˵ţΪһֱ׷ɱ橡
ŴɫӲӲ˵ô֪
Դؿһ˵Ŵҩ
ŤͷȥĬƬ̺˵Щ˵ӿȱȥϢ𣿡
ͷ˭֪󺰵Ҫһ˯һ˯Ķȥ
˷£ȥ橵Ĵȣؿ
˯ɡְ˱ϴ
ΪЦѱӸǵ°ʹ˸СǷһֻק橵·С˵˯ˡ
˯ɡ
˯ȥŴҲ˵˿ڣֺͽŶʵʵġ
塣ͻȻںһȴû˵ȥֻǳĬע
Ŵ˺һᣬûδ֮⣬ͻȻһֱ֣˼ͻȻüǲͬء
ЦЦҾͲ˵ˡ
ֻҾӱܲ⣬мأȶҡ
ԴС
Ŵüһ˿
ȥ¶ɱˡĲҽһֳ뻯Ĺƶ
ɱһУһ˵ţҽӹһΣԺأǧշĵ
ŴɫӲ
һֱ˵Ŀϡ
ŴɨһͻȻһôСӣҿЩ˶С
š۹⡣
橵˵š
ǺѡģҲǡ
ô֪Ŵʵ
鷿ڵһϿһ֧ӵĺۼǰʮֻӣ;һ·ڻ֮ʦʧ룬ɢľ֯һ֧ʮ˵Ķ飬ԨԨ򣬹̩񰲡
Ǭ䣬ѹòɢڶꡭ橵ĿϣϺүһ֧ͻϮݣնɱһ󽫣صݾԴ˰һս
̧Ŀγһ˿Ц⣬ݱ΢΢ͣ˲˲ֱӵɫ
橱עţƿߡ
ô֪ɺϡ
һһ֧ĳֲܺն
ڶ꺫ݼҾλΪֻоλܳϮ֧
ӶԺ̫ģ۹Ϻָ·ҲǴһ˼˵һֱԸߵִˡ
ģžҵĲ²ˣ˵ϽȴѣǬٰܴĽָʵ벻ݼҺҵ׻˭ܰú֧
ôǺúġŴȻһ/˷֣̲סֹţǻ˽Ϊһ㣬òֻϺ̨׳󡣡
˵û͵Ŀͣϣ˵ȷʵݼҡ
ŴŤͷ࿴
С
һ
֪ԥŲ֪οڣһΪðգȴǱѡΪȴõһѡ
ƻʵ
ҡͷ
橵ɴ۾
ѵԼ´ˣ֮в
Ҳ֪ʲô˵ԨΪ׻Ҳֻ׻
ǰ׻Ŵ޵شǰ֮ˣһ֪ߵʱ̫СˣΪ˱δ˵Ԩһ֪࣬УӦþˡ
ƻ£ֱȸ׻ͻԭΪֻǴţҲ⡣
׻ǱƣݼƹŰ
ڵ⣬˵ƻڴٰʱ㿪ʼﻮˡ
ҵսҲԥҲֱԣҵһȥʹùܼҳоʱһֱǸС󲻳ģҵżѰݼҡ
ӦҲ˿ˡ橿ڣ΢΢̾һĽţұܲ¼ɣżң¼ҸټҼ@һʱݼΪϽսֻй¶ĸܵһϢдڡ
ֲҿһֱһ𡣡Ŵ˵š
Ŵʲô
Һͽȶ
ĬƬ̺ʵݣ
šŴͷȶôһֱת˸ݣҲ֪ټҶǰ߸ģĲ˵ҺżִƵĴɢҪÿ궼ݲ㣬ϼ͹ȥġ
лֶŴһݣȶд֮£֮ʾɢʮлλ塣
Ŵֱӱܿݱ䣬
Լģʱ̫ˣŸԼɱ֮˴ңʬǶ̲
㿴˭ǵȶŴ£໥ָ˭֪ú£˭ǵȶ
ڵٿسĬŴһ˦˦ӣҵ¶Ѿͷ˵ˣҴҲҶ࣬Լ˵Űɡ
˵ֱ꣬ˤŶߡ
ɡ̧ͷǰ֮ˣ˵
һԲ£Ϊƣ֪Ϊʲô
һԣ˵൱һݺͱ
ͷ˵ѵȷʵУ
š򴽣ɫˡ
ڶα˾ӵԪȴκΧȴһֱûɳݡ
ʱѾܲ¼ɣԭԸȥκκֻ͵͵ȥ֧Ԯ
˭֪ϢУһ֮£ֱӰѺصȶҺúֵ֧ԮԪûɴ
ȶǴɽڡ
ÿ궼ҪΪȥȶ
橲֪ͷΪȵؿ
һЦ۵µļ˿ƺֵֿţתƻ⣺Ҫ鲢ѣŴġ
橵ͷòͬȷʵ
ʱŴҽʵڳ뻯ͱðˡ
ʲô𣿡ϥϵָĦţʵ
Ҳûˣ˭Ҳ֪˭ȶӦҲйһˡ
üֻˣǼƻܣʱ֮ãԱ֮࣬Ӵļƻδܱڵʵʵ
ѱ䡣
пܡ
ţɸԳĬ
ڴ˿̣겻ض˼£橵ĺϣš
ҲϢɡѵذǿԥƬ̺˵ɡ
橣ϻſɬҩζ𽥱ƽζȴţȴ̲סס
ӰĬȴ־ǿҵռԡ
걧صӲ֣һСüͷίͰ͵ģС޵ĳ
˵αȿü
÷ζڲҩζǵСĿ϶ƮţֻҪһͷܿǰ֮ˣ¶Ĳͦıӣѩ׵ա
Լڼӿ죬öĶھ졣
˯ɡ˯ȥųӡ
ԭûжͷһ߰ɣҵȻԼϨơ
ʵʵֽţҸѾչ㡣
ŷԼľɫ΢죺ţлӡ
ҰϨƣϢվǰֻǽȵض
Ůбӻǡͷ˵ţ
ںˡȻְֱһ˿Ц⣬ڻۿǼһֱķ˿˯ɡ
ڴϿŴվˣԽ侫£Ƿۣë΢һ
ֻܸ֮оǰ֮˺޶͵͵һۣȴ
橡
ۣһ䡣
ҽǰͻٰҪȥ橵֣ȴھҪʱͣطڴϣ˵ҵˣȴҵĹŪˡ
橱ֻۣһŶҪ˳
㲻صңһ׷ġ


54 
ٰ
ԴͻϮȶ, ٰ񱻼ܵ͹Ͼ͵һըͻ˱ǵˮҪٰը
Ǵ, ʱδ, ©ԺٰƷϵ⳯ǰӽ
ǺͲһ̤еġ
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˹ĿҲҽһ¡
ɡףһ˵롣
ҡ, ҩ, ЩϳʱټҶɴ, һݵҫ
ٰһ붬ž³ͷѾϴ멡
ȶֵ˴, еʩɴκΪȻ, ЩӴԺ, ʳ˾⼸ջץ˲ٺȾ֮ˡλ, ״ؿ˵š
¯ü۵ʹ׵£䵭
ȶǼùĵط˱ˣֻеΪʵ̫, ˿ӡߵǴš
ȶôڼΪȴӲΪ࿼ǣݴκ, Ƿǲ֣ߵڰףϧ
ЩǲµˣȻŲ˵۵ʵҲ˴
һΪõȶδزǻ¡
λĬŲ˵һˣ˼ֲ֣ҵ˺Ҳɲ̸ܵۡ
пڲǷǡɽȴǵǵĻ嵭ͫɨһ۲ݵˣһǷǣһǷǡ
⻰Ϊ֮ǰͲ֮˲ڨڨصͷȺ
ҶŲɨһ֮ˡ
źë멣Сٶ໰
һֱڴ󳤹ϥ£˫ԽСѧ/ŷֵ̬ϲŭɫ˼ܣС
˵ҪϣΪβ͢顣
ҷ²豭ʵǽ֮¡
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Ҽ״ֻò˵ȴ΢΢һ
ѷѾնݳˣɵײԼ˰ģбһֱȡ
Ǳץסѱһ԰Ŵ¡
һڲ裬΢΢ȴҲң㶫ҵΣк·
ڣ¹ٸߺһ䣺࣬˳
йԨǰ˵ټңдɱȶѾִŽݻ񡭡
ض˵۲֪ΪɫⲻÿֱĻѾԺȶˣαֵĻ̡̻
Ԩ򴽣ͷǣ˻ȥ
һ¶һ֮ɫ
ɳȲţ˿ᳯϹŹֵա
ɢˤվŲ˵Ӳ˵
˲佩ӲɲҹصͷӦ¡
Ÿµ˳˴ӵĶĸ˿̼ټֻ˲һˣŵ㲻޺ͽš
ټ̬Ȳԡֵ˵š
ЦЦ̫ˣصЩ飬ǱûŴ²ҡ
ټݲԸˡԨ˵ţ֪ͬҲزѵҪһֱŽݡ
ǰһġһº˵
ǲѵȫˣǰ겻ĵš
忴΢΢һЦˣ껹𣿡
꿴ѵõЦȴһ㶣ðһ㺮ֻɵɵؿ
һƿӣֻһò޵ĸˡ
ôˣԼ˳һͨ죬ΨдɫѩףȥЩˡ
˵ҹˡǰ˷ã̽̽ͷֶͷṇ̲̀סü鷿ϨƶǲûúϢ
忴Žߵˣס֣˵ôˡ
ʲôҪ֣ȴš
ǲңôҡۣ˷İ⣬˵˵ɡ
ҾͲ㡣üʵ
۶ǰɫɫ侲ָȴǲսϸһۣһңΪҾӦĻ¡
ڶңΪ˻ٰչ
ңΪ顣
ĴΡ
嵵ָڴߣĴָܵȣ캮ض·һ¯ҪѪǡ
Ϊĵܵ𣿡ϣȻѾкǿԣһ˿̾ϢܶұǰҵʳԸġ
üų֣ۡ
ۣ嵡ɿȴûſֻ֣ǻָ
ûҲ֪ġ嵱˱ڻУ˵ȫ
Ҫһü˵˵Ҳˡ
橲ǺŹ£ΪҼ羰ض橽󶼸һ
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ΪٰҪˡ
һǸĹģ嵣ȴǺ޲һֱ˱ڻС
һ˵ţһ嵵Ķ䡣
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Ҳܵܵ֡ҧ䣬˵⼸㲻ҪţСҲҪţ۷ʲôⶼҲ
üƤͻȻ
һֱ֪ٸһ£ڸţһҲ̽
嵡˱ڻУϣһɲԡ
Ҳһ㡣
䣬ְ޼ķ˿һأ˵ĴݵһƻλΣһ㺡

գһΪһ볤棬ŴһӵƷԬһҩңĽҲԴһ͸ꡣ
󡣡Ŵ͵һ񻷣Цš
һСءڵϣ˵۾
𣿡֮ǰҲ߹ѲС껹ܡ
ԺһȦŻ͵˻ذ
ΪʲôûҶ궢һӵͻȻǳ˵ϲ
̫æˣˡڸβ·ϱȻһ£֮ǰ˵ء
ţ곤ˣͿԱͦؽ˵š
޽ȥ𣿡˺ôһȺ˵š
ȻԣСȥ
СĬԣҲǻ书ġ
šС㱧걧ŽЦе˵š
ֻ橵ãҲ˻ſڵȥ
ûãȴһǱӶŵģ˵ˣСȥ
Ϊˣæ߳ȥ
ôˣ𣿡š
ǵĲǵġҡͷɫü˵ȥ֪ˡ
ԭΪȥĽСԺӣŷǳ鷿ȥˡ
Ϊ߽鷿ڸ֣µ˵ʲô
Ҳû뵽ܵһüվڽԺмɹһĻ
Ǽɹ
׷һֻ׶죬߶߶š
׶Ҳż£ѾܷˣԺаСš
졣ȥץ
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ΧֶǽΧǵѾߣԺӻҳһƬ
һԺӣͱһëɨü
ôˣһ˲ͿŴվŵˣʵ
ͷ
ġΧţŻҵԺһĴ׶졣
򴽣˵
Ӹ
ࡣŤͷ΢΢һЦ˰
л˾֮һҲЦһؿʡ
ԼǫţĿһתϣӸ
ɴŤͷ
ţѰĴ׶죬СƢã߶ˣһ㣬ԭѵһٸġЦŽš
ո͹úõģ޹͵͵ԺӣӾͰѴ׶ųˣ¾͡
ȭڴ߿һɹˡ
ԺУ׶Ȼ߶ˣȴҲ׼׷öëҷɣĽһһңССĸһֱŴ׶졣
Ժӣһ򰲾ؽụ̂ȷʵֻˡ
橼״һЦ
Ķ䲻ɷϺ⡣
꣬Ҫ˼ˡվ¶֣Ľߡ
ԺСһۣŴͷɥسȥ
橿ŹԹվԼǰСôԺкˡ
ġĽڱҺ˵ҿԺкһֻ׶졣
ģֽġ۾˵ţΪǶˣŽġ
˱죺Ƕ죬Ųҽء
ǶģͶ쳤һģһһĽСһοţ˰ɡ
橿̨С໥οӣֻúЦ
Ƕ졭졣һֱĬü˶ٲż˵˹͸㡣
۾һ˵Ƕ찡
Ťͷȥ
ɫ侲治ɫص˵ͷš
Ƕ죬ǶˡĽתȦ˿ϲ֮ɫ
СȻصԺӡ橶С˵š
·ĽģСģȻԼﲻʡ˵֪𡣡
Ļ̌ͷָоֲ˼ȷϵҡҲ𡣡
ȻС˵գ֮ǰ̫æˣȻҪϵģȥɣ·Ҫˡš
лл̡̨µĽͷ橣ۿ˵
ȥɡЦŵУʾС˴ߡ
Ժаˣֻ׶쾹ȻԼ߻ӣóСŹ
ô橾̾
ѡġ˵ţ֮ǰǿ߶ţѡһֻ
лӡЦӯӯصлţӣӲ𣿺صҩζ
ջߣ˵ţ˶ѣ¡
ҹ֮˵һμ档
ʵ̫æˣ֮ܿǰҪԶԶһ棬Ҫмˣ˵һ䡣
˵ϳԹӡʵ
ţ𣿡ڿ
۾һ
һͰźλˣ˵Ӧȥ֡˵š
˵ҪΪʧ䣬ǺܿƽͷӦ£
£Ҳ뿪
Ŀ뿪
ô첻оͷе˵ˣһҲˣ°С˵š
бһۣص鷿ӿš
ҩָָҩǶӻᷢ𣿡
ϰˡƽضҩһһֱζͷڽվȻеһ˿ɬ̲סü
´ǵ۽ҩ룬˵
һһŷӦţӳóζˣ
бһۡ
ɫǼ·ó
ţԽ𾪣ӲǼ·̫˶ˡ
߳ŭǰЦضҩȥˡ
ֻǵȵ橵ԺӣͻȻҧҧ
Ժ￪갲ڵڶ橲ͬһ
СӶʲôԬһһҼһһ䣬æ
ϹأأлǺ«ʲôģϲЩˡ
Ǿǣһ̫æˣСּԣû˭õġ
ͷһƣŲ˵
ѹడ
꿪ĵĲҧҧͻȻ橺һĽ˵û̧úײϡ
üЦЦ״˵ֻڻƵĵƹ޶ˡ
ԭĲ˲ʧˡ
ܿġ
һٷʳζˣ꿪ʼȥ档
ɫѾȫվ˸ָĻƣһȥƯ
ǰߵһƿҴ޹䡣
ԬʾҲҪȥˣҶңո͡
ʱⶮɫžһ°סĴȣ۾ţţȥ氡ȥ氡屧
˫ԲĴ۾ؿ
˵Сӣ˵ûĵС
ɵš
һȥ𣿡ǰʵ
ҡҡͷ
ȥһȥס橵ĸ첲˵һ氡
һξ̫ˡ
ȥȥȥҵ·ˡ˵ţȥ֣ȴһǣסСУ˵ţǣǣ
һǣ˵ľ붸Ȼϵζš
ϴϻǵ㡣
ϵ÷ζһĵźš
߰ɡִֻϱۣȣһԱȸԾ
ûڽݵҹΪ֣
ۣҪǸơ
㰡
Ǻ«ҪǺ«
֪ж˶
ˣԲҪ˷ѵġ橽꣬Сš
ǸǻúÿСָһ̯Сţһòð
һֱں۲ǵĶǰ޹һɡ
ƽ˵ţСһźأ԰ɣꡣ
޹ʲô򡣡üŪ۵ؿĽ䡣
Ľͷ¶ؽȥʲôء
գգۣƺ˵ĺܶԣתһһ˵Һͽһ档
ǣĽ֣۾ġ
ǡš
һصͷ
걻˽ߺ֮ͻȻ
кӵƻᣬҪȥű߿ָָһĻǺӣںзǧյӵơ
һ㶡
һĻǺǵƣǺӵתȺ貣ߵӿˣǽĽãصֵܣЯķޡ
Ҫźӵ𣿡һӵƵСյơ
ˡӹһվЦ˵ţˣžͺܺÿˡ
Ϊʧ䣬֪橲Ըһźӵơ
Ǽɡ˵һǻ̯ӣһҪҪǻ

һСС߸˵ܹСİһ¡
һʱ橱ֱײС
÷ζӿǼ⡣
ִ䣬ϸ͵н
橡
ս˽ڻС
֮ǰٰǻûͻˡ
ٻһ𣿡
˫ֳţһ̧ͷͿĿ⣬˿ü۶˿ңɼĹݸ߸ϵȴüҫۡ
Ƶرɫֻ޿졣
𣿡ͷǽĿջһ㺬ջš
ɡ

˵Ȼ𣺡̻
ϣһֻڵĴվ֭ľʮ߸ߵĽɫ𻨣ѤǺǰ׹䣬ϸҫգɫ״һǰ
˭ŵĴ橶һҫ۵Ĺۣ̾
ȫڻеˣ̾һɿ֣ӿȺУȦһ࣬
ԶĶһֱ꣬һǣĽ䣬Ŀֻ̻ǳص̾һ
ˣ
ֵĽݳڣ˭Ҳû֣һƥӭֵҹҴҶ˽ݡ


55 
һ, 橾ͱԺ뻮һĽŲѡ
ĸ첲ȥ
࣬ôˡԶԶһĶ, üʵ
󽻴˼, ų첽, ˼˯ɡ
һԭΪǷֿʼˡ
ԴС˵ٰǱ߳ˡ
ٰһսľٰܳʲô£
ȱ˰ɱˡ
ʲô!һ, ʧ
һࣺ·粨ۼ, ǽ䱸, ݽս״̬Ҳ׼۴ˡ
ʲôʱ顣
ҹϢʮǰ˻λλɽ, Уһ䲻ᴩȺ, ֳ¼, ˶ټһѺˡ
ʥò, ĿǰֻӶŮƽ󣬴ӣ˻Ӻ;Żӡ
жλ;вѣĻڵαս塢߽Բ
дȻʺȻʺѳʼ, ӾһֱټҴԽ
䲻ӣ˵Ըº˼Ϊ, ͹ټȵ۵·Ϊͬ
񶼻вٵǵλλ
鼫ΪأһֱӰѴϲδ
ԶԶģ橼״ֻѹеĲͷȥæɡ
Уˮ㣬⼸ٳţһҪһ䣬ŰҴȥ
橿ؾƤᰴ˰۾ֹסӿתڡ
Եɵɵڴϣֳۣλɨɨֹź
⡣˵
һ˹Ťͷȥ橣죺ѵú簡
ţˣЩ䣬ഩ㡣橸·ת˵⼸նҪţҲߥĽȥ棬֪𣿡
˵š
üΪʲôԳȥ氡
һЩ£вǹ˲ǡ橸·СӣվҲԣҲҪȥ̫ĵط
Ŷʧ´ȥ޽
ȥɡ
ˣȥٰ𣿡ʰһѶǰСţʵ
ԣüôٰ֪ġ
˵ġ걳С֣ҡͷ˵ţ˵޽ǰٰȥȥ
ȥȥء°ٰͣԶҲҪһʱĴ𣿡
ȥ𣿡
˵ٰȽݺһٱǳԵĺȵģȥ档
һ֪Ƕ׻ڡ
ȥ𣿡ʵ
ȥȥЦе˵ţ۾䣬ɿɰ
ȥɣǻȥԶҲΪػشĻ
߸˵صͷСˡ
ٰ
ٰƱкܶ飬ǹټһؾͲù
ɲٰڱ߾лң֮ѣطһ˴㡣
橳̾һȥȥд
ѹ̫飬ԴУ
ˡſԥԥ̽һԴԬ
ԬСҲͲŶʮͷӻãִ󣬴һ˵İϲ
ôˣЦ˵ţ˵
ˡԬ̾ţܲܰȥС̴Ǳ߶ҩҵȻҪȥǱߣϴҲָɳȥˡ
ʵǳ鲻ֵҼලӺҩˡͷɥ˵ţͷ˵ģӲҩɲС
ӵ岻Ǻ𣿡üʵ
ԬСɨһۣĨһ˵㲻֪ʵ׵úܣ˵ˣҵġ
ҾͰˤϣصǹңˡ
˵ţ˵죬ۻڡ
橼״Ҳöʣ˵֮ǰٰ㣬ǰǱߵˡ
ǣԬ
Ԭת⣬ذţǸҩ
֪ˡ橵ͷһһ𣿡
һΣϺϸһΣ֮ǰӶǲҪ۽ģ쿪ʼҪˡԬϸš
һҪӺȥϴξǶˣӽհϵҩϵϣϵҩϵ˯ǰ
Ҳ㱻СԹš
֪ˣȥɣѾڵˡҲöƴǣָָ档
Ƣȷʵã֮ǰٰԵġ
֪ˡԬϲɫظԺ¾ҡ
橼ԶˣС̴Ժȥ
һֱ֪ζԴ䡣
˵ǹټҰݼҵ̽ôҲôʲôܣڽҪͷ˱
˵޹һһа˼ӣȫƾ飬ʵ޷ദ
ҩ俴һЦţƻһʼĹϵ
ˣյҩûŸʲݣúܣȻӺͲ۽ˣһ顣
橵ͷĿⶢŻСҩ¯ϣɬҩζ˳ŰƮζžܡ
ʲôҩ̧ͷŷֳڶĿĪ⣬һ
ջߣҡҡͷ˵ǣҿɲЩֺõ顣
ü
ٰ𣿡еĲҩʵ
θɡ橷ʵ
ȷʵ䲻Ϊ⣬ЦŵͷʣȥĶ·һȥٰһЩȥطͿòһ㡣
úܡ
橲š
ʵʵ˵ˡˣкһϢģҾģҡ
ǵټҵ˼橾ʵ
ܰһﻹʹҰеҩòϵãַһࡣ
ҵģҲЩԼҪ΢΢һЦŲڵü˲˵аԡ
ƿߡ
㲻ǹټҵˡʣ˭ˣ
Լ˰ҩˣƵ˹Ϩҩһǳɡ
橶ðҩͻȻʵΪǲվûҽ۵һմ꣬ҩ㲻ڣκ̽ץҲڣ˵ȥȶǼҲվ
ʵҾȥ档
У˵ѾծˣٸԼ鷳
橽ӹ̣˵ҲǿϳǴϣϴ㾡ĽҲΪ룬ܹһƬ
˭ģ㡣䱧ۣӸµؿʵ
̧侲˵ţΪҾٶԳϻһģ㻹ﲻˡѾ̫ǰΪǵ·񣬳Ầ㣬ҲǺģֻǾá
򴽣㲻㻵ˡ
Цһ𣬳ΪǣҿɲǺˣҿɱˡ
ԣ̾Ҳ֪κ˵ɽǮ飬һֱС
ȥǰ𣿡ЦţȴǱطš
ҡҡͷһ֪ʲô£˲ˡ飬һԸ淢㡣
ЦһǸ
С̴黹ûɻתҪʹ߿졣橵˵š
ȥıӰʧȴŵջߡ
橡
̫ˡ
ϣ¹⣬ѩף£ηۡ
ӱˣּһˡ
橶ҩȥӵ鷿δȥͿһȺ˴鷿˳ɫأͷӶ۷׷ףҲ࿴һۡ
Щ˲佫пǵһ
Щ˵ĽŲֱԶˣջߡ
ӡţԬҩԽȥ𣿡
ڴһƣ
ϵӱ֮ǰûҪߣҪûҩĵطûС
Ⱥҩ𣿡ֱӶҩվǰΪκҩ֮ǰȼۼûк
ҩ˵һ٣ҡҡͷ鷳ŴˣëˣҪһֱ
ҲȰ治ɫغҩͳһǡ
ġѱǵӷǰɰˣҽ͵͵ġ
ǰһСһСǣʧЦȻᷢˣ𣿡
橺ĵسЦţϵס
ŲᣬģһĿ飬ʮָͷ֮ˣĶ̫ˡ
ԣ΢̧ͷЦ
üۺЦ纮ҫۺ㣬˲ݡ
԰ɡһֱߣæҾͲӰ칫ˡ
񲻰ȫˣŴܵĶط
üȥʡ
ҾûɫνţҪʣòҪἰҡ
ԡ˼Ƭ̱û⣬ͷӦ¡
ݺȷʵҪתƣȻزסЩ˳
Ż£ʮǰҾһҪٰˡһǷŽߣͷߵһ࣬ıӰ򴽣һ㺬
֪ˣһʰġ
ף˵š
һ㶣¶ϲ֮ɫ˵Ըһٰ
Ҳöˣűʶա˵š
սеӣĿϣƽ˵Ƣõ
Ȼ⽿ƢɵѰޡҡҡͷ
šӦ£Ҳʲô¡
ӡҴҶͻȻͣ½Ųԭһż˲ɰ֮ɫվڲԶôˣȥ䰡ϾҪ붬ˣ˵ݺѩˡ
橺ܿͱ˸ϻӣظ˶˲ˮ
Ҳˡ
᲻ᣬЩҲûͳӣݸ
׼ұµۿȨ׳иڼҡ
г׽ӹս״̬
ټҹȻûжԲҷѣһѹõӣұһ¡
ټҲԸַ飬ǰ糯ҳһ࣬ʺѹ֤ˡ
Ŷһ˵Ϣ΢
λΣ
ڹС
Ĭţ΢΢
ӦúͰ˻ûϵڴ˿̣˵š
ΪΣʵ
˻ֻΣ嶯çײӣӦ飬ʺ˵ͼı֮ģѾ˶ʮˣαĻУԼΨһĶҲȥ
ͷ˵öԣҪи˸𡣡
һ㶣ͻȻ۾
ǻȥٰҲϴƺˣʣصǡοš
ȴ˿ûзԥƬ̣ͻȻʵΪλڽôã
˵
㶵ؿڷϵ΢΢ս
ոȺˡ
ȻòˣЩҲǱҴټģô׼
ҹջȶʲôҪҰѰ⡣
ûʲô橵ü
橡
ⰵɳƵͳұҪΪѡ񡣡
橱ܿ⣬̾ҪˣȥѰ
š
Ŀ뿪ջߡ
˲ɡզ࣬Ҳ̫
¡ԴǱ߿Ϣ
ֻ˵ƻȡ֪ݺʹʷһǵˣֻҪĿǰֻҪάֱ߾ƽȾС
Ͱ˵İɡ
ǱߣŴݵ飬˳˾µ
ʵİɡŴЦһС˼ܶడ
Ϊ˼
˵ҲЩȻǰ׻ҾһΡŴһתһھƣ˵š
岻ǡ
ŴʧƬ̣漴ҡͷˣҲŴ޴һڼܳȶˣ鶼ѾиԼġ
ӣʵһžͱֱתˡ
ҲǺȶģҲ֪˭С
橾̾Ȼ԰鶼ŵ׵
ʱҲҲŴбһۣͷһھƣɾͳɣɾͲɣܲסģС
˵öԡ橵˵ţһɹġ
Ŵžƺ«㶵ؿѾͷȥ÷԰𣿡
ɺȥ𣿡
橲ؿ
ҾǾáŴüѵ¶һ˿ԥ֮ɫǺܺõģǺã㲻֪ˣǰ˷ϡ
ĬţΪоţ֪˵ȥ
Ŵʵ˵Ͻ࣬Ȼ˵Ҳѹġ
֪ƻʵи𣿡
ʲô
ӰӼƻ
ԭͻȻɴ۾ʶ塣
Ӱһ㡣
ĺ塣
̣ܺԶ¡Ŵ
Īд
ˣˡǼѹ㿪ʼںžƣ˵
橵ͷȥ壬ǿī屻޸ãҲѵĺۼ
ȴֱ鲼˺ۡ
һЦܼأ
ŴһھƣЦš
һۣݳеʹʱԶȥʧɣ졣
һҹһѩݳǡ
ѩѾûСȣҺⳡѩҲ׼֪һˣΪ¸УܿͰ鰲ȥ
ǲǽվҪȥٰ۾ˣţҵ߶Ҫ
ҵ·
ҵĶһ𡣡
ҪдŸ˵
ţСԴһһģſ橻С
֪ˡСȥϴҲ֪ջܲߡ
һŷ֣⼸ߵúܺãʱʱͶιÿζҪȻԭһֱͬССһЩ꣬ˣһЩ⡣
塣ԺسţһžͿվŵˣıػӻ֡
̧ͷúײһ
ҽϳѩ״멣վ¡
ɨȥĴѩѹŴɫܣããһƬѩ׽ྻ֮ˣ·ˣȻ


56 ؼ
ʮվҪ, ٰӦһСѩ
ѩոǳǳظסܣ¶ɫĺۼƵͣԶԶȥ, ٰѩ, , ǧɽĺѩ
ٰۣĳźô󰡡
Ŷӽǵһ̽СԴſڻֺӴĳţС΢, ˵, СԴǼһСԴ, СĬҿ󿴿ݿɰ档
滹Сѩ, Ҫ̽Դȥ겻ҪĽһ֡, һһ, ˴˻
, ǵȻס𣿡걻˳Դʵ
Ƿ磬һ㶣˭˵ģ
ô˵ġСָ壬Ԭ壬үүҲǲԺס
컹͵ءĽ͵״, ˱ȶ䣬͵Цţ䶯˶
һС, ʵܴ𣿡
ĽִȻһ£ôġ
ô󰡣𾪣ȥ𣿡
˵ġĽ䲻˼С̬Ϊ˷ܣ˵ģ˵Ժ͸һסˣҵԺӾô󡣡
橴Ľ䡣
Ľ޼Ź£޾Щڽݾҵҵܺãȶ˶ȴԶٰĵ֮Ľ꣬ȻҪչˡ
޾һֲַ͵ݵģȻú¿Ʈ㡣
ԸĮȳ֮Ѫ
̡ĽСΪ£Сؿһۡ
ֺǺǵģʲôҲĽȴΪͻѣжϻۡ
ͨ⼸µദԼµӦӵĽᷢӣֻǲ֪Ϊֵز
ҪݼҪ橴ùϵ
ôˣȻʱǵϡЦţԴ
ĽԥƬ̺С˵̲ȥ𣿡
ţȥҡҡͷ
ĽЩЩ£С֣սս˵ȥ
ʲôء橰˱ڻУΪ磬СӾСӸ飬˵оϡ
ӺѣȻչ˺ģݼҲؾ
Ľң橸ÿˣϲ
橱Ľ䣬ʱͻ룬ˣԺǲҲ£һһжսľ
ǰ಼µľѾ𽥸ˮ棬ⳡɱķľУûκκ·ߡ
ҲԸһһӶںԺˣһʣ
̫Сˣˣֱͷϡ
ȥİһ겻֪˼üһʵ
ôٰôջݲһꡣ橻ʧЦ
Ҳǲҽˡ겻˵š
ҿġĽСοţҲ棬һܿĵġ
㡭ݸ𣿡⴫ԥ
۾һԼƿӣͷ˵˵أҸջס£֪ʲôջҽһ𣿡
ŵĶһ飬ǰӣü˵ݸ
ˣֻһ·񡣡橵Ҳ¶˳ʵ
ָһȦһȦһԣżסڸУҲһ𣿡
̧ڵ峺ܾ֮Զ׼

ǣǡȥʾ֭˸ɣȫ
򴽣橣˵Щһֱ˵ΪϷһֱݼҵġ
˼һȵؿ
ȶϢգݵϢҲǰߵϢټϰӲЩȻǵһɡ
СԺһֱ˴ɨš
ҲһֱţѾʮˡ
ҾͿޣҾͺٳǰ
ȥ껹ѣû˳Ա㶼ˡ
һʱǧˣǧˡ
㱻ˣѾѡˣûѡɫһġ
̤ѩϣ۵ʹ繣һһ䣬˵ţ𡣡
ԭ
Ľս橵֣գգ۾СȰȥɡ
ʲô
֪³꼷мš
һֻèܿɰģǷǰġջš
Сèè۾һԺҵĶһ𣿡
˳λƽ˳ţسǵʿԶԶͿϵľ׼ʱͻȻһС̧ͷȥ
ͷץС౵С۾Բ˾Цţɰˡ
ֻûãͣ
Ľ䶼ǵһεֱٰǣʲô۵ؽţһ
ôͣˡͷţͻȻͷ
ֻվһСкСŮֻСװ׵ģһ˫۾ʯǿ
ü˭
橡һϤ޵ڳǰ
ҽ绳䡣ԱߵСк˵š
ͬʱ
Сɾʧæ˱Сɾôһվﰡ
һ˳ġ绳üۣͺָָԶһġ
ⲻŮӵ𣿡Ůڣš
кӣǵȡ֡绳СƢãһһ۵ؽš
Ŷҽꡣ
ҽĽ䡣
ڵСŮҽš
С໥شţǱһͱֱۡ
橱֮ǰҪÿ嵴ŴɫȹȹϵĵŽأ˫һ޴ЦüŨɫ˿ɱȵĽޡ
㡣û뵽嵻ſڽˣΪȡ
˵ˣȻȥЦ˵ţҽġ
л㡣Ц˵š

ǰС橴Ŷ໳еС
Сѩ/£ɫףһ֮
ҵģλСһƿӾͿżΪƵСɾʵ
˵ҽꡣ
úӡЦ˵ţֱ橵
绳Ҳ౧˽һˣҺССڽһѣԲѩ׿˵ģ
ٰסģеӣֱʵ
һջ
üʣôһֱջ
ҲһСԺӡ橽˵š
һӣһҸһݼҸ嵵Ҳ£ֱ˵ҲС˵͵ġ
ҲӦٰ֪֮ǰһ¡ѹͣ侲˵ţټΪɱ˲ˣ⼸¸һ̬ÿնҪϳڳΪϿ񻹲ٸԭְҲ˼ο𣬶⼸չټҿʼʷ
ü
Ϊʲôʷ
ĨȥĴڡ
橵ɴ۾
ü۵ʹʮһֱѹҲ֪ΪοʼʧʥģԭȵѹƱӱٰԺſڱտھǺ࣬˴ùټҸʮǰ¾ĺ
橳ĬټҲԸ⡣
ͷȻԸʥ顣
ῴòֹǱ棬ضǴ¡ζذţ˵ģҲҸ˵ġ
˭Ҳû뵽ټһһǻĲɡ˵ţΪ֮λ½һҲýĻ꣬ȴϡ
û˵ȥղŵĻʵ㲻Ҳɳһ֧ױȫֻϾչ˲ȫ̫࣬һʧɾѴˡ
ܻ̫ˣҸѲ߻Ҳܾͽ㣬Ϊ㵣£Ҳܸǡ
˵Ͳٶ໰Լѡ
Сѵðˢˢ̧ͷȥ橡
һֱϣڵĶֱĳĬ
ȥݼҰɡ
˵һ˲Ҵܵ綤ʹҲƺֵһᣬذѩҲ˲ɰ
ȻҪճһΡ
νš
ͷ֪޾Цš
üǲֱסԭȵԺӺˡ
㡣κһ
ˣҲ˵˵ģҲùСӵ顣嵻һת˵ţҸԺӽݸűҴͨˣҲֱȥݼҡ
ţл㡣
ֻǻһҪҪԺôֻ˵š
ʲô
ɻδ롣
⣬ֻս
Ұ㣬ȴû˵áǰɸֵ˵ǵܵܲа
˵Ҳغ˵Ц˵ţԼľ
橸мؿ
ˣо衣嵰һֱĬ绳䱧ڻУȤţҲ֪˭һһ۵ġ
á绳乧غһ
ſ橴ϣ۾š
С̧ˣܺҾ衣Ц˵š
Ҳܣ죬ҹùáˣţͷꡣ
̧ͷȥ橡
ùǵĽ㡣Сһü˵ţʶҵ𣿡
һ㶡
û˵ȷš
橳Ĭ
Ȼ㣬㿴°ʹͽһģһ
嵰ﵽУţѵǣ
ӣ඼ܷϰ
Ǿ³ų𣿡
Ǿ³յġͬصͷ
嵶ϸϸһòҧҧ
ĲУ
ãն˽ۡ
ͣݼң橸һͱһѱס
أ𣿡겻˲٣Ҳ˲٣紺յ𽥳鳤˵ģ
ңһˡ橱Ҳɺۿ
أҾ֪û
Ҽҹһġ
޵һѱһᣬ˺ѷΡ
̱ˡͻȻһȥֻһСССȣͷЦ
۵Сۡ
Ůꡣ
橰˱Ц˵š
ɴ۾
üͷһСʵ
ҽĽ䡣ĽҲЦЦҲ̵Ů
Ǵҹ㣬ľúܣô龫ֵġһЦԴ
ſ˶ӣȽȥ˵
վڲԶ˵š
ݼѱõĻȻһ£ַΧɼĽ˺ü
ȥɣҲҪȥ𣿡嵵ͷԼĶӡ
˾˼ûССͣԵͬ绳һһ۵˵š
ȥȥɣҵСŶֻͷۣ˼ѾСԼȥˡ
⻨԰ȥԺӣѲߵѾ°ŹˣԺҲչ˵õ
ԼųԺȥͣһ·ڣָָߵС·Ҫȥ𣿡
ﲻסˣಽظţСʵ
ڸԺӡ
ҸŹȥ
š
Цŵͷ
һֱĬظں棬ԣҲſһǸС·򴽡
Ҫһ״˵šҽȥҹֲ꣬ϣֻôһųݼҺһ٣ɽĸٰˣҪţ겻Ǵһ
󳤹ˡʵ
ǰġ˵ټڳſڽӵˣԭҪ칬磬ĸܾˣֱǰղŹҲټˡ
ҽտҪżģΪ˽ǲųġǣ橵֣۷ɨΪɸ֡
ͼģҲ׼ˣݸҵһ˱ˡ嵿˵ţʵڲоʹĽҡ
ЦŲ˵
ҲҪˣɻĸ顣͵СԺſڣȱʲôֻܺѰҡ
ĸ㣬ǵÿҲݼһ
󳤹ʶң橾š
Ҳ̧ߣü
Ҳ֪ĸͺϵ嵽ţ˵ǵµ⣬ĸӲ̰壬ʵĺദ㲻غ¡
ţȻˣǰһȥݷô󳤹
ɡЦ˵ţĸӲϾҪˣҲջۡ
˵䣬ֻһУһӰǽƵ˳Ȼͣԭ̧橣βͻ˻Ρ


ʲô
ˡ
һĻң嵻ûè񣬾ͱظ˳ȥ
Դǰ֮ˣԥƬ̿Դ˲֡
ù԰
嵱˸ûվȾͱ˱ڻС
ôȥôáȺʱ岻˵š
㶵ؿͻȻЦϣв
üôˡ
ֻèнֲÿèʲô֣Ұɫ
ü
СЦֱֱӹЦᶼˣֻ˵ţ꾹Ȼ֪
Цˣ˵ûõ
Ķ䣬Цţü۱յĹţ;£
û
صҵʱЦһ·ͻȻӦ
ûû嵵֣ν˵ţݼס졣
ôԳһҲġ嵲ָš
̫ˡҧָĥһۣҲϲ
绳˵ˣҲֻŶһ侲ˡ
üγﲻ⣬͵͵ӵݸϰΪˡ
һ氡һֻ졣˵š
Ҳһֻӥ绳˵š
á۾ؿš
Ľ°ͣͤڣһĽʲôûء
ϲʲô㡣绳Ťͷһһ˵š
ҲҪҿԼ򡣡ĽͷֱӾܾš
ˡãͻȻ˵š
ȻȥĽԼղǸŮӰ֧ԭ򣬱Сģذοš
˱죬Щί
绳Ҳ飺˾鷿һǿȥɡ
걻һһǣţﲻͣغ˵Żܿתע
 
橿ϤСԺǰһжǺյĲɶȥï࣬ǧҲ١
ڵĶҪʰ𣿡
վʵ
ţҪʰһ㡣橱Сèüǲ̫ˡ
ʮˣ̫ܳˣҵġֻСèצӣü˵ţҿ
Сèͷƿߣβȴǲ橵ֱۣεεغһ
ܴȥ𣿡ཱུԴЦеʵ
ԣġɨһۣҪ˰ԺӵĶȥ
橵ıӰָ΢սɫ˵Ҫ𣿡
䲻ģĪίͷŤͷվӰǰˣҪҰЩߣ
̧ʪ˵ӰڻȾŲİѩǰվŵİɾȴͨӰ˲˵ӺصʸС
Ը⡣
Ը뿪ݸ
³ѹõĻյķ紵ѩ׺ëҶţͦγȣΡʯ
ܲ𣿡
橿Цҡҡͷ
һ£ȴ̹ǡ
վԭصҲٶЦš
֪ɴδһʧԽԡ
վǰԺУԺһﶼޱ仯ȴѾȻͬ
ü巭ӿʹ
֮ǰļˣҪߡ橿˳ƿߣŷȥʰ𣿡
ʰˣĶࡣ˵ţҰö
öæ
ŲҪ˼š
ЦŵĶͷ˵ô񡣡
һ橣ű˱죬Ǹ
һᡣ
ѩˣȰѶãؼҡ
ؼң۾һ˵ǻؼң
סĿڣ΢΢һѪȡ
橣ꡭȥıӰԥʵ𣿡


57 
ǬʮϦ, ٰѾһƬ٣ˮټں̵ǰ, 䲼˽һ, Ԫա
ҹ, ϵС̯С࣬ṴѲʴƮƮƸСլǰʱʱ, СرܻЦ, ΪպĳϦһ˿õɫʡ
괩ɫȹ, һСȥϹ֣ҷͼֽ壬ĸǴС, ˳ػؼҡ
µظ׶ϵһɫΧСԴ, Цеǣ, վڴſָӱ
ˡ
ǲһһͰ
˺װ
겻, ʲôְ
궢һڴ֣Ŵ׶޵ԴԴСֹš
浴Ҽҵ塣
һͳ䲻һŤͷȥ, ֻɫѣѩ״멣վԼ
塣ͷ, Цš
ͷ˱ֻ׶С˱˱ˣҲɵɵضűߡ
ôվڴſڰ
ĶҲЦеš
壬á˵š
ðһСǹС
СһǹһȴСֹţܳˣүү˵ôȥġ
״ջǹȴû
Сֹǹӣ۾ţؿ
ɡһ˵˵ǶһҪġ
۾һǹ߸˵һ
ֻüһһڴӭ
أֵСԺţ״ʵ
׼Ķء
갮ֵĿǹһСЦе˵š
һ갡ధһ
Ȱ뿪Ĵţ΢ʧ䡣
գգۣǣ˵ţ˺öණأϳ͹ӣﻹ˺ö⣬ɺóˣԹ𡣡
ϥһۡ
ȥɡЦݲ䣬˵š
ҪˣҵȻỹҪȥұڣһᡣ겻˼ЦЦ˺ö࣬һ
ͷͻȻü΢΢һĶƤһæı
ţ棬ҪԶˡ
£º˵
ôҩζ𣿡궯˶ӣӣͷʵںҩҩ𣿡
¡ԴһֱվſڵСʹ˸ɫ
Сæǰǣ˻
ŶݼҴţŸոչϣһβһͷȥ
ۼֿ˷ס
û°ɡżʵŴ÷ȥ˵һԡ
˲Ѫ˿ҡҡͷ
Ŵ˿ûаΪҽơݺ˵
ɫףشһǿɱ˲ųġ
˵Ҳ̴֪ûа취ÿվ۵˵Ըһ꣬Ǳƶĥġ
Ҳ뿴
䵭˵š
ԣͷɥصͷ
ӻϴϢɣûʲô飬ҲܰĹꡣ
ǱĿıӰظСš
̻𣿡Сʵ
ˣȥСȹӣԺɿȥ
ţվڳſš
ӣ̧ͷЦ˵ˣ㻹ûãѿҲڴ򡣡
еǣͷ橣ˡ
ǶһҪҵġ
ǿһ䡣
橿ŵǣ۾תţҲĻ
ʲô
ˣ
˵ȥ𣿡
ˣ橾ȣ첻Ǻúõ𣿡
װ׵ģһҲûС곤̾һһǵ˵ţпҩζ
ȥɡţĲ˾ͲҪ֡
šصͷ
ˣϺһԷ𣿡ͻȻͷš
һ߰Žӣһ߾ʵΪô˵
ΪԺӺ尡ССǵȴ٣岡˲ûˣǲͶˣҿҼҳԷ𣿡
ҽһԷùµǰкö˵ġָίί˵š
ȥȶǸСԺԷСԺĸӣˣŶ춼ڸ¸½ţԺӴˣȴֻˡ
һͰѽƤŪˡ
ֻðƵĽӷһ࣬һ
ʱԸԸһ꣬ǾܾģΪ໥ֻԽԽ塣
ĵĻȴЩΪѡ
У룬ָ⺦¹µƺ֪еһУƺб¶档
ȥʰɡ΢΢̾һҪ˵ãǲԸ⣬ô򡣡
ҡͷԣĿһĸϣʿˮ÷ǲǺˣԡ
ԼԻҪҽڡ۵˵ӣ÷ãС̡
ȸԾţڵķţָͷ㣬ҪҪ㡣
̫СϳԲ¡Ц˵š
ģһ飬һ飬һ飬Ԭһ飬޽һ飬ոպء
ָֻͷ˵š
ֽ㣬ʮС
ͷǣˡ
Ǽ
ӹ㣬ԥ˺һᣬһָһ
Цˡ
߳ŭǹ͸㣬˵겻ˡ
橿СȹӳŻ԰Сȥ
Сá̾ţȹСʱڡ
СӶڡ橺ܿͰһ轻ӣЦţǳǳ
ʲôˡĶĪѹ
Ĺһ˺ܶࡣ
Ťͷŷ񷺺۾˵ţҹúܺãΪ˺ܺõѣЩԼѧģΪ꣬ΪЩѡ
Ҳࡣ
˵š
˱죺Ҿùܿˡ
ҴСŹѲѹѵ𣿡
Ĺúãʲô
ϲٰ
ʧؿǰһ˲䳤ķķҲǽˡ
ü䣬ǳŨܵĽë΢΢´˳βϣˣӿܲȥߦƤɡ
ĨĨ۾һ
񡣡ͻȻڣҹﲻгԿˣǽгˡ
͸һ
һֻݼһ԰ȥѲߵԬ
Ԭ塣ԹԵغš
ϣСԹôԬ˦飬š
ͷͳֽ˸߲ҵ˵ţһ÷⣬Ϧ֡
Ԭ֣ܳСԹԻԼ԰ɡ
ģãȥ档
ԬԥӲˣѰ
۾ˮĴ۾ǳĲ˰𣿡
ȷʵǲˡ
껹ҼҳԷء
ҲҴȥʡ
ԬߵĻصشתţԲ
㶵ؿɵɵǣųԺȥ
ԶԶͿԬǣ
ôˣӭȥʵ
˯𣿡ԬŶգգۡ
һ¡
Ҹ͸㡣óָָֽɷµطԬһ飬һ顣
ֺ飬ָ飬һ˵޽ģģġ
ӻڿ顣С˵Ұʡ
աòصͷ
ȥԺӳԷءԬתһ䣬СԹԸղ˵ġ
ģ
˵ͷŵµСŮ
һЦɿɰ˵ġ
Ԭȭƣ˵ţҩ
ʾ㣬ſһڣûһˡ
Ѿ̫ˣһȥͷɥ˵š
ôذ굣˵ţžžܽڡ
һɻ֮ȥҩζվſԥһᣬ̺һ壬ҿԽ
ɡ
곯ȥһתͿ뿿ϣɫѩףü͸
㲡˰ſͷеĸǹݳȥ˾ͺˡ
ôˣԴ
棬СԺﶼû档ɴֱڽ̤ϣ°ͣŲͻ˵Ҹ崵Ͳˡ
δ˵еվǰôһ˳
˭ġʧЦϴء
ﰡÿβˣﶼǴģһͲˡСЬһ࣬óֱߵĸ㣬ҸõģģܺóԵģġ
ݵߣ۾أĸúóԵģ˾Ͳˡ
㻹ȣζʱʱƮС
ҧһڣڻϤζ
綤ڽջᷢ۷壬ĥˣѰʹ̣ڸȴһѹľʹ
ó𣿡ǵȴſ佱˵ﻹ˺öࡣ
˵Ҫǽ첻ҼҳԷܲ㣬ҾС͸Լǿ㣬ģš
Ÿһ˲ָ⡣
żҴҰԼĸͳӸ˼żţˣô˰
˵ȥҳԷɳƵɤӣǰСˣֹ֣סĶ
Сֱץţ̧ͷȥȴͻȻС˵ңҺ¡
ۣѹеľκˣԼ濴ȥƽ˾
˵ҡ
ᶨصͷ˵һꡣ
˫ཱུС֣Ϊ֬񣬴һ˵ϸỬ
ͫΪʹڷŴĺΪʹԴڻǰԲ˶ӿ
ã
Ӧ¡
 
Ƴ£橱ֻСһ˼ĺԵֻҪʶ˶һ˲ٲˣٷ治١
վֻ׼̳˵š
Ǳ߿϶ܶ࣬ȥǱãСʵ
š橵ҲŤ󣬡ҲУ̫ࡣ
˻ûǻȴ˹˺öء
ʧЦƿţһۣͺײһ
տɫ·ڶ׺ëһҡҷϸ񣬷һ˿ɫ
ע橣ӳͫ׺һ˿ᡣ
һĽҲһ·ɵغһ̡
һԶԬΪ׵һ϶Цġ
Ҵ˾ƣ顣
Ҵ˻裬֤䡣
ȥ±⡣
Ҵ졣
Ҳֻ졣
ĴȤ˲üžСԺ
ɡЦÿһ࣬ڵҪˡ
ֵһӵż˽ܿͰѴüˡ
ǺԾط־Ʒ꣬̿Ⱦ橵λùȥ
⡣
СԹұߡ
С
ߡ
һЦеźλãԾعŻԼλ¡
ߣµ걻Сﵽұߡ
갮ԵġĿʹûϧߣѰԲϣֻ¶СԲ۾תš
ϧ꿴˫ִϣСȣԹ˵
һĽһЦСԴһҪ쳤߰
񣬰Ŷù橿ĿģЦֱ
æȥ˸ضĸ̧߽˳ġ
ŰһӵĲУЦ˻ﰮģ갮ģ̵ĺġ
޽ϲʲôһվڸߴˣ˻ˡ
ԡĽ䲻ʳġ
ɷµصͷ
Ӻҩ𣿡һСͯ޼ɵŤͷȥʵ
ǻ֮ȥҩζ
¡΢΢Цš
һûмȥ
Ŵأʡ
֪ȥˣ˵ͻʧƬ̣ȥˡ
ֻ׿գ۶᲻á
ǹĵ÷ҼȵζѾţǻѪζ𽥻
ôԡ橼һҲС˵θ𣿡
ֻú󱳵Ѿ亹ȫʪ޿ײ紵ëֱȺӴһ֮ˣƽ޲һжѹȥ
ԡڿϵ΢΢һ
Ҿһ༰ʱ֣վ󣬴˵ţն˷ǲܳһҹ
ƤЦ˵ţǾһҪꡭ
⣬Ǹɱյߣͷһ㣬ʹػ˸
橱עƱӦˡ
ңͷȥ
治ɫҡҡͷ
ֻöſվƱԼλá
ҲҪȾƣڳ˵˵ţСȥһľƺ
˳ְѾƺǰЦһҪˣȾ׳𣿡
Ҫ顣˵š
ð飬궼֪ԼôдĽԴ˵š
֪Լôдͷüʵ
Ľ佾˵ţҵȻ֪ɶˡ
갡Ҳꡣۿ°ͣ˵š

ͷɥصͷ˵
ǲԸ⣬ҲûϵڰţɵҲڡ
ҧɸֵ˵ţ֪ҽǼôشҵ
Ȼ˵һ
صͷǿʶһ壬һҶһСȦȦһ
ҲЩЦ˵š
ĽҲŵͷʵ˵ôһ˵ȷʵе
ǣû˵һֱţСԹԲġ
ľȥһŹӣЦš
ůڣЦһһЦʱʱӿ˳յķ紵ñŵСԺڹӰлζӰｻ
쵽ʱϵľ̳ѾǣҲѾˣ֮˵
Ա橻˯˹ȥĽϻ˯
СȥϢɣĽտϢ𣿡Ťͷȥ
ͷڸҲġ
ôûԡ橿뿪ŷɸɾһҲûԣǲǲ
ɫݣԥţȥɡ
Ѿͷš
Ҫѩˣڡʡ
ˣ䡣ǰһڣҺ簴ӣûб˿
˳˻ںȾƺ֣˳
ֺ䡣
ת뻨԰ʱʶͣԭ˻Դȥȴֱһ
ոմůڳȴһ
ôˣ
û£ë
Ҫ֣ȴͻȻЩ˵ڲݵϣŰ橶
û°ɣȥˡ⧲ſؿڡ
ԭպͲҲǱˡ
ȥñָס֣һſڱһѪζӿȥ/Ϣ˵ͺˡ
橱ţֻһࣺ֮ǰҩǲҲΪ
ͷ
Ѿû˵ѡ
۾ȼȬµ𣿡
ۿһˣ˫ǿյ۾ҹɫڡ
ɵͷ
橿Ĭţ֮˫΢΢ΪλҪƭҡ
һ㶣ؿ
˵ΣһΡ򴽣ǻëһº˵ûġ
ȴԴ󡣡
ʧ﷢࣬ڵϿҹա
һ۵ʱ۵Ҳܡ
Ŵǰ˵Ƕ橵ĳͷһֱҧš
ΪССϣֻҪһʹֱɺԽԽ࣬ԽԽأÿնҪƵʱ˵ʱˡ
Ƕÿ궬վͻᷢˡ
ڣʱҪöӵ۲ԼΡ
ǴںڰϨ˶Сؼա
ӰӰڰ
ǲԸˡ橵˵䣬öӻȥ
橡֣˵úڰ
ڰ˫ȴɿ橵ķ
橷Ծæȥոһţͼһ¡
ˣ
󾪡
£ձˡ˵򵥵Ļʼڴ/
ԭز
Ŵκӵ۾ȣͬʱ綤
ӲĶæһ·Ѱ֪˶ãڴ˿̲̲ס˵
̧ͷؿ
綤ɣһ˿ʲô
ÿա
ࡣ
һͺš
ƫҪ˵ӺݶգÿշʱǳϦ֮ҹäͬʱУǶ̡ۣ֮
˵Ϊ˸˱ŸµĶӡ
һ˵꣬Ŵͣ
򴽣
ؿڡ
ȥ·ȥס
Ҫ
橲˫֣Ĭ˵ҪܵȴҶ𡣡
֮£
˫۾ǽȴ˵ֲ㡣
ʧĻһʱֲĵ׵ĲƵĴۻĳιۣ֮Ϊ
۵Ҫȴ۵ɫɫɫҰףֻƿԼ·
յķ纮̹ǣȴֱִð亹
ָ΢·
һöɫڶѩݵǰۡ


58 ζ
һ, Ŵһ˪橵СԺ
ԺѱʰɾˣֻһžɵĻܻҡҷֵĹꡣ
ֵʱ, ųףĹ̻ȫû, Ź, ػȥˡ
Ŵ˸Ƿ̵ǰţβһתͻȻŵùǷȥ, վ橣Ѿͷ, ôҡ
橴ҹ·, һҹδ˯
Ȼ˹ȥȴһֱץӲ֡
ΧһֱЩ飬Ӽƽ, ȻζһȼĻ, Ȼֹ
һ仰Ҳûȥ
ΪЩЩİ
ʱ緢, ŭ, ǸСɾ
˺꣬辪ɣһʹ
ɶжԶȹȴһްӰ
Ӱɡ
Ӻ̿ԥԥţԾӳ֮ɫ
Ȼǲƴڻ, ¶ƣģ
橿԰׵ʹһ࣬һϡ
塣, һƣм㡣
ʾʣʲôŴ˵ţʲô°
¡
ŴһֱŵĹǷʱԶ̧ȥֹţºʲôϵ
һ˫ڶս۵İ׹峿Խ峺
Ȼ޹ء橴˵Է˰ӣһԡ
ŴŽż⣬һʱ֪ҪҪǺŵĺ硣
ԾͳԡŴŲӣŭ˵Ҳϲ顣
֪Ҫ˵ʲô飿ͷЦŷʵ
Ŵӻҵתתɫ˵ҹСʲôҾǷϺһ𡣡
Ҳϲ
橿΢΢һЦ̬ס
ذذǵʣɣһװۣճӣζˡ
ŴǶһҹץӾȵĶͳ
óԣԵʱϸһڣ޲ڡ
橴̵غеĶ
ѾͷôһģôˣŴӣͲסк棬װбš
ǷһȴûɻŲ룬˵
Ŵͷͳһ壺Ϻõ֬񣬼ֵǧȥˣأȱǮ
橽ӹöɫ壬ĦţĬŲ˵
ôŴڰ˸ӳһڣͻȻʵǲǱƭˣ
ɳĬһڶ
˭ƭ㣡Ŵŭš
Ҳƭҡս壬ͷɥ˵ţ֪ΪҺá
ƨΪôƭǮŴŭӣ˭ȥȥ
̧һ˫۸
ȷʵΪҡ˵ţҹֲȴҲΪѰ
Ŵüôء
ҹһҹδ˯ƣ˵ţսеĲ룬˵š
⡭ѰҪΪءŴɰͰ͵ذοţûйȥĿ˵أҰʵڲУҾ͸¶ٲУզǾ·취ǡ
һǼƫѷĳ޲õų񵽴ܲŷġ
΢΢̾
塣ẰһĬؿҶˡ
Ŵͣ³԰ӵ֣ͻȻŤͷüǲ˵ң
֪ʵŻɫ뷢š
ȶúܺãǴδйúã¥ıӻĳҸеǰδе
橵˵겻ǶֻΪӣҪ뿪ٰѣ⡣
ŴҧӣŤͷȥ
á
橵Ļ˵زʲôס
ȷʵáɷµصͷɻһתݲͬ
ʲôͬŴǺ˹پ˲ˡ
Ҳ壬սһ橺˵ţ˵հݼҾͻǰߡ
ŴӲ
ӵ綤ᵢ󡭡
ŴٿطƢ橣֪ˣ飡
Լֵġ򴽣Ϊ˵һ仰
ôܣ֪ġŴǱըҩƫƫŲֻЦҾǲϲֻ֪㲻á
㲻þǲС
Ӳ˵š
橴㵵ؿ
չ㣬˵ǹòñ뿪ұ㣬㻹δʱɵӾ͸ѧҡҵһ𡣡
ǰŲ㣬ЩֻʣˣҴӦˣҪ㡣
Ŵἰ£ƽҲǷŵɵӣ˿˵ЩҲǴŷߺ֮⣺ҵʱΪ㡭Һ޲ٰ˸ᡣ
橿һζ˵ﻰ
ʵŴ橶ԸһһʱһֱȻƢŹ֣ã͵͵ȥ棬ǳԣʱһֱչΪײ
ܺãȴΪפؽʱ档
÷˶С޷
ǣӲͨЩ˺£壬ɶ޷׽
ֻŴ͸һֻʵӥȴ߽䣬޲ʱʱ̰̿橻¡
źĻĪ۾
Ŵ߲ѣβ𣬴ɷ
ִ޸ǲͬ⣬ȫԲҪ׮£ý泰ȢؼңԲϲ㣬ôǲԡ
ǶΪ㡭˶٣˵ţˣ˭
ĺã㲻ã⡣
Ŵ߷ָţ˿ʲôԡ
˵ԽȴٿسĬ
ʲôŴͻȻŤͷ߷ߵӣҲζӣ͸ʹɫ
ҡҡͷͮͮ۾ŴҡҡͷǾܡ
ô߶תתֻʣ塣
ŴʧؿһʱûסҲ¶һ˿ʹ
ҵΪһȥź¥Ҳû̽ϢΪ㡭
ŴЦţСһֱ˼ݶҪҿ֮ʲź³
ؿǰĲ룬û˵
һѵľأϵĶ𣬱ĥŴȴҲΪµɱУҹѰ
һδĴཫ죬һĳ
һǴ壬һС顣
Ųζ΢΢ƺҪѵľС
ŴΪѣվԱ˵ŪŪء
顣˵ţΪôΪѡ
㻹ڡǰ˵š
橿ŭ뿪ıӰõᣬ׻ſϴ
ôŴһֱ˵ء
˵⻰ʱ⣬̬ȵƺڸڣûʲôȥ¡
ԴΪ
ػôˣҲôˣֻʣһŴˡ
ŴŭԺӣ;ţֻ÷ɿȥš
һ֪ǵɷˣʱЩ
ÿԪڣڴȹģϦҹķܺȥ֮Ҫ
ôˣ
ԥ˵Ŵˡ
һ㶣ѾָŴ΢
ԭûΣҹһϡ
ҹȥŴˡӵʵ
ҡͷ˵·Ϊѡ
Ŵ򣡡
Ŵ򣡡
Ժ⴫Żŵ
ŴӷˣֱӰŵŵͷشţˡ
鲻ãֱأ˵ļ˶۵ڵϴ
Ŵ򣡡һ첽ǰ˵ͻС£ŴдҪǼƽϡ
ŴЦһҪǼƽϣ㿴ľʬˡ
ɫ΢䡣
ȥһʱˮˡŴƿ˵ţҪһ죬Լѡɡ
ô죬һʱˮҲһƤζҪ
ڣĶü
ŴƢϲŭҲ֪˭ô
ű۵һƿɼ֮˵ķŭԼͷ
ءŴվſһᣬȥܺѾͷ״ڸװ
Ŵں˵ʲôҼӿû״޿̵˵ţͻȻʧУŴҪʲô
ŴֱڴߵԲϣȥק˵ôɱ𣿡
ŴҰζš
ɫϲС˵Ҳϳ̴Ħһ¡
ŴбһۣЦţô¶ְ
˵Ųң۾ȴ˸ɫ
Ŵ״ֻЦĬŸ
Ӹ㿪ҩҪƳӣάҪ䵭š
СһҰ׵϶ʱϲĺΡ
ûӵǱ¼֣ǷСӶβֻЩùûõˡ
Ŵ䳰ȷš
ȭͷŴ˺ѷεؿ˼ǣ߿Ŷӣɫѩס
ǰġ֣š
ȻأײŴ߳ŭ߷߲ƽȻΪ㣬һӡ
ֲܳ橷𣬱Ϥӿȥ
˵Ϊҡһ˿
ƨʲôΪΪ㣬Ѿ˴ˤˡ
ղϡ
Ѿͷʲôκƨ¡
¨ӡſڴŭ
ӱ˱˹öû·ͳںš
ŴŲӷֻƣҿֲУ鶼첻á
ðҩ۵һڵϣ߸רն֮񶾡
ܡ
ĺ
λȱ𳳡˵š
졣
С
ڳ𣿡ſͻȻ
ڽŵ˲佩Ӳһʧˡ
ſſڣ۾ţվˣ۵ָȹϵĻƣС˵ġ
أôû
һ亹Ķæ걧
˵˯棬˵үүͳүүҲءЦе˵ţҸղʲôҲ档
Ŀ棬ſյԺӣʧ䡣
ʲôŴ㳰ţͻȻһòȥ걧ȥȻ߰ġ
౧Ŷ꣬ԥվſڣһʱ᲻ƿŲ
ȥĽȥ˵š
ڴʱſڴ
ӡ
ֻĽѾ߳ſڣѾлߡ
̽档ĽزԾˣС˵š
ȥ鷿ɡһ˵ţ鷿ߡ
һִһȥڵ鷿
鷿Ҳڣһжü
֮ǰһС˵һܳܵġ
Ŵӻ֣ǿ˵ţ󲻸ĵţ̫ˡ
ȥóӸҴ֡Ŵһӵ˶˳ȥһš
û°ɡԬ£˵ţŴƢ
졣˵𡣡
Ԭֻڨڨر졣
ӣǷӡ
Сֹš
̫峿ٵĻƻһֱûд򿪣ں޶żŴͳӵķ
һֱ
༱ſֱⲽ
ſ˼ȦĽ鷿ӵ˯ȥ
ֱһչʧʣŲһδ򿪡
ûбȫ洫Ŵ𣿡
ˣѾ˯ȥˡ˵ţŵĴ򿪣ǼΧɢȥѪζһĲ
ڱ򿪡
һѪŴ˳϶ѪĳҲѪ
ԺŵһվΧסŴְһŭ
ôһȺ𱨡Ŵ״˿η壬üЦš
ûû£æΪΧǶӰ˴ѪЩѪѪԺͲܿˣǸϽȥɡ
ڡ
£ײʵʵذţײһѪ˿
ڴϣɫѩףͷ󺹣ҺÿȥɫΪ
죬约㡣⣬˵š
ŴЦһ˵Ҳʹ졣
һ鷿λã˵ˣҿˡ
ӵͷ
׺ͻȻڣ˵лл㡣
ŴͷҲصˡ
ϡЩ
˿еǷǹ޹Աϲŭ֣θɡ
ԼԺӣһƿžͿһӵĺò˻̳滨̳ƣãͻȻЦһǸһ취
ˡ
ֱĿƷ⣬ͷ¡
վںڰпѺľֱ̳ڵϣһϢˡ
£ݼҴŽգȴּˡ
Ϊ˰ݷô󳤹ÿѻӣһСɽһСָ壬廨ŵ綬ղɢķƮŷ
˫ͷף壬һ˫ۣ˲ֱӣָڰϲŷϡ
ĸҪˮˡһվŵ嵾ʵ
ˮˮٰԣԼ˴뱲ӵĹҲ˸丱ξ˹кλãϧڵαΪǰսʬ޴棬ӵܶ޳Ϣ
˫˵ֱߵǸ۲˵
ڡ΢΢һЦӷ˹ȥ޳֮Ҳ·ˡ
һ
˵ͺŮϵ֮ˡ
嵽ţԸͣʮֺദ
ĸҪһˡ
ӣȷʵҪһ˲ݵ¡˫ԣֻЦŵͷ
嵵ͷϱǡ
վһˣɡ˫ָָߵλãԸոպãҵǲϲ̫͵ӡ
Ѱ壬ҡ˫΢΢̾һ˵ţҲЩˡ
ǡ
΢
ǲ֪橺ʹ󳤹档
󳤹ˡſڣһ侲ſ𣬡ڴϢ
ҹٸԭְ
ټ橳빬


59 빬
ּĲǰ, ̻˵˹ɾ䶼ǻ棬橲òǿӦš
С, ٰһ, ȴǷɸ
ôݼҾס
ŷϥһСŮ
ټڹȴѾ鶼Ȼ, Ŵּŵ쵭ص˳֮ΪŨء
ҲҪ橵ĻشֻôּŸ߸ϵֺ, ȴ, ڳźžߴһ, ˤڵϡ
һˤֱӿĻ϶Ѫ˵, ӦŴ̨Ϲ·Ħ, Ѫܵġ
, ơԺ, ŴǱȥеʯͷЦһתԼӡ
Сӣ, ʹ졣
ŴСԺСУһʱͻȻ˱סСȡ
ץסˣŷɫ·СӴš
ͷЦе˵ţүү, ǽȥòá
Ŵͷβȥ棬ϲòˡ
ȥˡŴ˱ǿ
ֻɵЦСཱུġ
ȥ棿Ŵװɫ侲
쿴һʯͷѹϣȻôӴδڻһֻСӣ뿴
Ǯ𣿡Ŵһš
ԼСң۾ģصͷ
һһ뿪԰С󣬼ɽƳˡ
Ͷࡣ
ƭʲôྪȵš
ɫѩף˫ë멣üĿɫףŴδ㲡
Ȼǰȥ橣žҪҰ˸ˡ˵š
ϸ룬ͷȷʵ
ۼµСԺǰǴá
££磬Ŵȥ
Ҳ֪ټ빬ʲô׼һȥɻţܾû¡
ǰŲҹٸԭְ빬
ڣ橳ĬУΪּŴǿͣҲûʥֻּһֻ÷
뿪ǰһҹĸĹǰ˰ߣǹټҡ
ǵʱû֪ܲӳ
˹Բ̶Ѩ
ˡ
̧ͷͿվ̨£īͷһѩɫĺë멣Ȼɫ԰ףˢӰüе̿ɫ
ӡɫ糣䣬ɡ
Ϊյģ橴ºʵ
ͷ
ټ˵ʱ빬
δʱ
˵ʲô塣
ҡҡͷʵڻ𣿡
΢΢̾һҡҡͷ빬˸ٹ̶һֱΪ
һ㶣üһŵؿ
ټôң
ѵ¶һ˿ŭݣ˫ȭա
ΪֻʣһԹ¶ĸ˵ӹٽҲʳǣȴŸ屻ֱĺ
ĬŲ˵
ټҽҵ빬Ƭ̣żʵ
š橵˵ţ
֮꣬ⲻھơ
橱ۣǿѹŭûʧ̬
ѾǰŮǬʮ궬쿪ʼϲģģģһ飬һȾ˵Ѫ
̽ǵľʼɡ
ϵȵˣΪ˴಻һУһеֵֵá
ս𢣬Ըýɽ
ǵλȴڱͱǸܵУ׳־ѳ꣬ź
빬עǿűߵ橣˵ţҪ¶ɫ
һָ΢ԥƬ̣ûдֱָ
ЩټԽأ¶飬ضù˵š
һ
Ѱ޷ǻΪ顣ϸţټһֱź൱˽һֻһ֪ɡ
ټΪִʵ
Ȼȷʵһȶ˽³ﱸƥȴǺ˽صģŴһ֮Լߵġ
ҡͷ
ҲڹӦġοţֻУ֮ǲ鷳
̧ȥ˼ŸղǾ仰۲΢
ҡ˵ţˡ
ָ΢Ҳˬͷš
ŶһҲٶ໰
˳ĬæԲ˳ʳ𣿡
ҡҡͷ
۾һ˵ţҲδأһ𣿡
㻹δԷ橲ףš
ʱ㵽ʱˡ
ҡҡͷ
ҹһû˯أûθڣһֱûԵġؽţȥ˹λһš
һû˯ûд࣬üԥ˵Ǹӵ𣿡

൨ֱָͱͱı
ߵĻʹȥü۵ʹȹµɫƣ䲻΢죺š
ҹδ˯һȷʵΪ˿ʹ̣һҲΪڴ
ǶôءرȻţɷµ˵ţγʱѪϻֹסѪء
ҹȷʵΪ̫๫˭֪һ˿ϱѿ˲Ⱦ·
Ҳûƭˡ
һתοԼ˵š
üͷ
ڲȥϢʲôΪǵ˵š
Ϊ˵ټѰ
ʵܲ˶ĵߵڰףòһбһ۶࣬㣬ֹסੲݵ졣
ʧر졣
財ʾõĽڰ
ü˶δ֮
û˲ƴڻĶм߶߶ڵѸ١
һ𣿡΢죬ƭˣĿⶼʱʱ˶ţü۵ʹʵ
橿زסڴĿ⣬ߵľܾȴ˵ԥһͷ
ϲͷ
ˣ˰Ͱӻдӳ𡣡ſڵѾߣﶹٱһݸǽ
ţ۾΢
ܿ죬Ѿ߾ʹƮ͵һıС
һĬسŷ
طһκԷֻˣպгᣬ㱼侹Ȼǻصǰݸһʱ䲻֪Ӷ¿ꡣ
ʼƬ̣ӾʹĻþ
㣬𣿡橼꣬һ⣬Ϧ֮ҹҲһֱĬţӡ
ǡγĿעţǵģ뷨̫ٿʧˡ
ɵͷܿߡ
ܵıַһΪǲ˼˵ڣΨ
ϵĶӱϾԼöɫڶʱʱԼǰŸղŶɫıԺγɻ档
ҸѾɡί˵š
ü
֪ߣΪ⻰ǴۣпգԥƬָ̣ĿڣС˵㣬Ҹι
ûСûвԼС˼æĻȥÿӣȴǣ˿ڣ۵ָһֱӰѿӴڵϡ
һȻ
ԭ򡣡ŵ䷺⣬ǿװ򶨵ؽš
ǿ̫ˡ˼ڵϵĿӣοš
ԲϣҲ֪ɥֻܳĬš
飬һֱվڽװĶ࣬˵Ϻô߸
졣úǳš
΢̾һɨһۣü˳۵վš
橼֮ǽŭһصͷ־Щ
֮ǰ۾δָʱһֱĮؾܾ˿еߣӲԸʾˡ
ӹѾµĿӣֱߡ
һ̧֣̲סü
߿Ŷһ̿Ҳǻʱһͻ̲סʹ
Ȼһָ̣ʶķӦȴƭˡ
ۼֿ찴ס֣˿һأԥƬ˵磬ιӳԷ
ʵ⻰һ˵Щڡ
˲䣬ٿ̧ͷһ˫ڵ۾Ż֮ȥĴ㵣۵ض橡
ˣöɡ橱ú󲱾ëš
Ķһ˵Ӵ˺۵ġ
橴˿ֻѹŵ˫ֵɽҲǣҲǣһʱ佩ԭֻΡ
Żܾɡ
ֻһӣԼš
ӣŲĪʾ
Ŀϣڣҫԥɫʹ鷿Ĺ⡣
ƢôãֻҪװʾһ˾Ͳء
ﶼôݵģһҲ
ĵڶƮڴ˿̻񱻶฽صͷȴҲֻһֻ橵°ʹ
̧ͷǰ治ɫ֮ˡ
𣿡ķӦʧ䣬ë΢΢´Եʧ䣬ִǿװ򶨵ƽָֻ΢ȭ
ԭ˵˵
ˡ
򴽣Ǩŭš
ʦͨģ
ȫ֪ͷĶవȭš
ԼɡŲụ̀Һôź·û¶һֱ˵ɥԼȥÿӣüĽ塣
һʶסĿӡ
ɡ΢΢̾һ
һףƽĪ궯Ǵ໹Ǻȶ
ࡣֻ׵ϸָֻû̵۶ڴ˿ƽϢࡣ
֪橷һǽһŴİ࣬򶨵һףˡ
ĿǰʢУɨһ橣졣
֮Ŀһֱϣգ۶᲻ãƬ̵ǰʧ
ڵոⰲż̿𷢳žһؼУһӦԣȴһ㶯Ҳû
ѲߵĽŲÿһ;ֱǾĽŲüʵӣû𣿡
ŻһֻöӶҪǿˡ
ˡ˵š
ŷ꣬һѾʰҲҪ׼빬Ķˡ
һԭزֻǶһ
˹Ȼ˵š
ֱ뿪ջߣб˶һۣ˵ȥ׼յ顣
زӲ֪ΪͻȻˣɻ󣬵Ǳ죬Թȥˡ
һֱƺҪһѩŨܺѹԶȺɽ
ݼҵһ·Żʹȥ
Ӳǲһ빬𣿡橾ʵ
ڹ㡣
Ҳ֪Ҫʱϵ˻ûãЩȥϢȰҲµģҹοˣ˵ɾźˣµġ
Ӳصǡ
壬ͻȻðһü˵ţҲźˡ
ҾҪ㡣
⻰橽ӲȥֻóĬţֱͣڹſڡ
ݷˡſڴСڵ
׼ƿӵһ١
Ҽҷˡ䵱Ķ˵š
ӼѾýˣ롣СŹ˵š
橿Ρ׳Ļʹ㷲ϽǰŤͷؿһۣÿ
Ŀ侲
ǿŲ˲õջߣ˽ӡ
ڶ빬
һ빬ʱһһ˫ĿʧӣһǴӲ֪Ů
һεľʵڲãʱֵĹټҺͻʺԭмѭ
˻ǽԴ
Լ׸й
Įѹ
ȴ˶ڮ٣Ȼվǰ
еһжƺգֻ㱾һж±һʵɴ˷ǣԿ̽ȫò
öī̾һ
ͣں̵ſڣӭƿӣЦӯӯһɨȴͻȻԭһŻָϵЦݣ겻ݷɡ
̧лйˡ
ջߣŵϡ
ټѾȺʱˡ԰˴ſڣ򿪴ţ¶̻Ի͵һǡ
һȹ̤ǼΡĴ
겻Ѿͷ׷һ˫еԽüΪüѾһ̵ۺۣԿ˵ʱԵ
Ůߵ¡
Ŀбӣ¹
۾Ӹ´ŵ¹֮ˣ֮Ż˵ɡ
վڿտŵĴϣü˳ۣɫ
Щһֱȶ
۲ûȦӣֱ˵š
橴Ϊ˵ţټҥԣȶĵطܽȥġ
ǺŮνȶ۾Ӹ¿ŵվŵˣ˵š
˿ߵĹϵ䵭
΢ɻʵȶͺкιϵ𣿡
۸شǰ¹֮ˣǽ
ƽĻֻǳƺΪ࣬üǵԽˡ
ʵ÷ʱ飬˵ţŰ橣Ҫʡ
;ܳһ
ͻȻ˸ҧҧ
ԡѪսѪģ̵ӡ˫ۼһĮգۼҧ˵Ĳӡ
㵱治֪ȶ˫ֻս
֪ն˵ţŮһֱڽݾס
˵Ϸ𣿡۷š
ѺԺô𰸣гȣŲæ˵ǰһֱڽ
̾һ˵˼ˣһ·棬Ⱥ®ݣȵͣڶʮ춨ڽݡ
۶ǰһӡ
ǵ橵ģе㼣ʵǰʱصһֲ
Ӧþʹ˷
ǰ֮ˣŹ£ܿڣǺŮһѣ֪˶Ϊ˷߿
ȴͻȻһŭ
еһжԼУеһȴ͸һɲʵС
һ˵Щ޶⣬㲻ýš
橵ü˳ۣ˿һ
פѾžݺͽݣ򷢶Ĵαɵȱݱ
ôĻǣΪһ죬ֻҪ˵һж纫ˡ
ģѭѭա
ƽȴԼ˼
۴㱱ǴҲŵġ
ôź˺ȶԣһٶؽܴκ̧߰ҪΪִҪݡ
橶ŵϣӰӰӣŤбһŤŤ˴
ټҴʷ
ζǾ仰˲Уը
һʯ۽빬Ŀġ
ƵݣΪĨȥΪ
ҧֻһѻȼգյҲѹסƽ
Ǵľ
⣬ٽۡ
ָ΢΢ڵϣԼ̵Ķͷʯ壬˵ټԣŮ֪
˵˵ȶģɱȶһΪڶΪҧгݵ˵ţ˵е׷ɱһˡ
ֻǳĬš
¥˱ɣ˶һѻˣȶѪ㵱滹òʶ
¹֮ˣֱ۶һ£ֻǳĬᶨе˲ǴҴҹͣɡ
ҧгݡ
ԸңгرΪҪһų֮ˡ󼤵ǽ޾ܸ㱨𡣡
ֻǹ£۾΢΢ϣȣŮĲ֪ټԡ
㵱治˵
š
ټϵ̨ݺݹڵϣһ졣
̨˲ķѣīˮĽһʯǻ橵գŽ۰һĺۼȴûһ˿
Ѫ˳°ʹשϡ
̧ü
㣬㣬ҹƹˤ
ǰ˵ټϢŭ
۴һ
Խ˵ţ˵ſڵݷء
һ㶡
󳤹ձҪ빬ˡ
ָ
ٿػŷԼ´
ƫصȾݷءЦ˵ţޱ֮¿ɵ󲻵á
űۣĬã˵Ҳļ߾գЩڱ߾Ҳ֪п
ټİգǰ֮橱ۣ˵š
ɡ
۵˵š
橵ü˳۵͵ſڡ
˿Ҫȥӡǰϸš
侲֣ĨһԼѪֻմʹѾȾʺѪ
б˰һۣ˵


60 
ݷ롣Ϊƿ, ˵š
ڣһֱͷḩ̂ͷ¶Ϥİա
橴δһμ歡
歴ŵɫ˿ȹ, ȹɲĺˮ, ֮˿׺, չ纣˷ӿȡ
橿ŵˣʹڻµ·£ȴڵס֮ɫ
òá
ݷˣͷ, ظ, , 
Ŀ橲Ѫ˿һɨɫĮм
橸̤ڣű֨һ, ڵĹ˲䰵
һվһţ, ԳĬš
ɡƿһյ, ˵λá
, 歷һ̥԰׵ӰɣСľװѸղĥõĲĩֵУһѾշеĸ߾ɰƿУˮһ߳һ߽ܿ, 㷺һɫĭ
̶졣
ϺõıԷȴյ͸Ĳյ͵ǰ
橶歵ݲʱ΢΢СĴָָ΢
еһš
ʮ֮ǰ, ǸСʱϵڵĽš
ǸĬӣʵΪӣǱԼİš
ͲʱֻҪָֻǴ졣
Դ歰ˮк橾Ҳ
ɳĬĲյðɫϸְ̣ʧڿУΨ¼ˮİɰƿ¯ļ´ϸ
ټĴȡ˹ĥŲҶ˵ţҪΪ
һ
ӣֻŮһ٣ЦЦƵԣֻһˡ
̧Ŀ峺
һҲ˵ţһ䳰ɵҲĸί
ЩڽݿһֱǶһƬ̺š
š橵ͷ
ͣĥҶĶ̧ͷȥ
ôҲҹ㣬һСţĮš
ҡҡͷҲ֪˵ʲô
һֱչңҲǶһ
򴽣ֻǵųɢĵġ
ڽû治
֪޾зڱ߾һֱƽ
ɨһۣ޾㡣
Ȼ橵ͷ޾֪Ҳֻʱһѡ
棿
档
ţ߾ɰƿеˮʼڣʯеĲĩѾϸķĩһ½һµĵš
ûã⴫Ź˵ӣĵˡ
歵Ķһ٣ǷЦ
СŶ룬Ϸžɫ㡣
˷¶뿪еʯ鳣ʯ鳷˵һһҳţ˵ʲô
öˣȻͻˡ橵ü˵š
ЦһװˣſѾûˡ
ôһѰ䣬һ߻ģΪҺ֪ʲô歱ۣɫ㱣ͫ׽ɫŷŭȴǾ塣
ɢǺŹµϢȻƫУĺͺйϵ˴ҵȥѯЩˡ
˵Żչ͸Ĵϣȴӳɫľһֻ˲ٿصľżɭȻ߹ǡ
橷ϥϵ˫һ΢΢һȴ鶯ϵ˿ۡ
橡ͷȥͻȻ¶Ȼģ΢ȴ˵㿴ҿ𣿡
ΪﰡͻȻĿ˵ţˣôأ˱ˣ󻹴Сػٰ
֪Ϊ㣬Һҹҹĥ
һƽ˵һʼҡеġ
㵱ʱʲôС˼ͲĲ
ǿī壬崹࣬˿֪Լһ޴Ĳˡ
һ㶣漴ȻЦţˣ˵öԣܡ
ɵʲô
ָս
˫۷⡣
ϢĳĬ
ʥ϶ɣǻǺˣ롣
˭֪ǵʱȫԳŵԮȴΪһ˽һϣŵƣ
˶ƴһѼ⵶
еһУΪټҵ˽ġ
ԴͷȴҲǴ歼ö
ö۵壬ı˵ˡ
歴ҲеһУűſģ
ֻü۵ʹʼʰֱߵĲߣ߰ɡ
ôˣ橶һü
ûʲô歶һӸס˵ҲҪͬ顣
ٹ۸ˡ
顣ͻȻŭ˻ƺţ۵ôҲͬңҡ
û㣬Ҳû㡣˵ֻŮܵ衣
ǰҲӡ˵š
ԸȴִŲľЩӲٰǳԹ
ŮΣֲϲңֻϲ㣬÷ˣʲô歼Цţ˸ٹȴֻܶ
񱻱ƵµˣֻҪһ΢˲䱼
橣עֱӣ¶һ˫˺۵ֱۣݺ˵ΪϸѿΪû÷԰ǨŭңΪûͷ
ЩʲôϵŷŭҴйֻѹ⣬űӿһѪ
Ϊ˫۷ᣬȴ־ǿûûе
ﱻǸƵгҾҪĥ𣿡
橿˫¾˰ֱۣ̽бˣеˣбչˣһʱԭ
ŸٹݣлŮü졣
ΪǺŮǲΣֻܰϡ
ԹŴѩѩϣڴ緣վ𣿡
Цֱϵ䣬ƽ˵һյ˵㡣
橻ۡ
ֻҪվǰҪˣΪǺӢۣѵҵҲ
˵䱦ǲǽµɳ˲ȼ
Ӣֻۡ˵ţΪ˶Ӣۡ
歼ʰŲ࣬˵ţҵһ˵ĵ
򴽣󷴲ҵ
歳ĬеĲѾʰ롣
ǰ;֣Ϊʲôҽ正ȴ橣ٰͬǸǽŽȡԭ歶ʧ˵ţǲһġ
ڵԶǲһġֲʵ˵ţ橣ĲãΪʲôǲϲңͬգȴֻա
橿ǰ޵ĵˣһʱʧ
ôϲôӶء
ȷʵԴ⡣
ϲΪϲԸȫİᣬķŮֻܵõء
ôһֱá
취ǳȥָ˵
ȥˣȥ
ǰɾ˵óȥ
仰ͬ͸㣬ȥ˽ݣݺҲȥǵһֱػĵط
橿ǰʧ˵ţ正Ӣ۵Ů
Ҳϲ㣬ֻ˵
õᣬڻ˳ż°ͣصֱϡ
 
⣬ڳԯϰشˡ
ôûʱʱɨһ۹ţü˵ʱˡ
ڵһԲ
ףǲǷ˻ˡۼ⣬ԶһۼĽӣ
һֱСۣʵɴ۵ؿ߽ˡ
ˣˡʡ֪
Ϊڵ
橳˽ӣ˵л֪
ˣһ橾ͱѾѪһš
һĸ֪Цеؿ橡
ûԱǰСı֦һ¡侲š
ūŸչ˲ܣйѾ޼ǰˡ֪ǫ˵š
ڵǵ۵˺ۣĿ
ȷʵԳڱ䴫
֪һ飬û뵽Ҳڣͨһڵϡ
ڵɲǵǸäӡ
ԺȨ֪ͬһָͷҪǵ

橶ֻ䳤𪣬ǽڷ֣ԥƬִ̣ȥ
ֺֻܿͽסֱָ֣Ӱ˽
ظǰ֮Ѿ̵ѪգüĿƣ˵
ʼգһ۹ڵϷĸ֪
ô˵ġߣ֣˿ڡ
Ťͷüۡ
ջ֣ǽǣֵĶС
ټ̨СıƬġ橳֣˵š
ɷһ
鲻ѣ˳Ƶš
﷢ʲôˣҪְӵ뻳УȴֿƵֻ֣ǵǵؿ
橶һʧ񣺡ҽտˡ
ü
ȥٹˣ
橻ҡͷ׿Ŀ֪Ĵ
һ㶣˲˼󻺻ܿߣ䲻̽Ҳµóһ㣬ٹƢŰ²ζù
ԣ橳Ĭţ׹𽥰
ԭǶ֪ȴӶ
ۣеĿɬ
ټǼˣ䣬Խᣬ㻰𣿡
԰歺˾ȳ𣿡Ὺš
һ㶣ͷӦ飺ԡ
ֻǳĬһӿҪʵĻɵû˵ڡ
ϵ˿𣿡ϵѪлҵʵ
˿ȧǹᴩ°ͣɫѪţƤϸ
ŮͻȻĪ˵ţۣǰⱯϾΪ࣬
Ϊ˴ٰȴŹ¶չˣǱ˴ĥꡣ
˶ŸԵѡĮӡ
⧲עŵǲ΢΢
ټҲڹг¡š
橲˵ֻǿ
Ҳ˵Щġͷ˵ţ˵ףһжΪҡ
ǵ겻ٰྴһԷޣҲҲȥ֮ᷢ顣
ֻöͷۣǵѾ̵˿Ҳʼ鶯ţ۵ɫףɫʹࡣ
ﵱܵһʹൽĥ
橡󾪣ְ˱ڻУﲻ𣿡
橺ݺѹ̫Ѩ
ǲͷָۡסֱȵָڱϣĺ
ңΪǺŮ𣿡۾ʵ
һ㶣̷Ȼǣ㣬ŮǺŮ
橿У۲˵
ڹڲʱȴøƣ
˵еĲȴĽͣȴֲ֪˵ڡ
ٰǰٰ㿪ʼ𽥻ֱԺһӴļƻˮ档
һʱո˰ٰģʼǸϵλá
ÿһǳҰ𶯡
ֱڣ̲ˮײܿơ
ڻʹȻܿ࣬һ
ڹ⣬κ̽пΣա
Ҫǣ歿Ǻ֮Ůİӣ橶ԣȫġ
ΪҳŷɣҲ˵Ĺʶɻ߹ţȴʲô˵
֪˵ʲôУڣ˵Ǹиƣʵûɵġ
˶Ϊ˺ǸƻΪϱͳһΪ´ˡЩжǰĺµİģۣȴҲһöӡ
һ˱ϥϣ˼Ƭ̺֣˵ġ
˶ҰޣֻǸǣˡս֣ʹԼż˵㲻ΪƣΪȨΪ˽ĶЭ
ֻмɾˡ
û˻ᷴ
㶵ؿĬؿԼ̵ĶͷıĶͷϡ
ഥҵں
һϻۣҲٰơ
ټ˼еҪݵ䣬ΪѾұƵͶ·ˣȲҪҳİѱˣǿеĺҲһ޳֮ˡ
飬ɸףһ˿ۡ
ȥҲģԼÿ£ٰڵ̸ۺࡣ
ΪٰһУ˿룺ں£ǸѾȥˣֶ֮Ρ
һֱǸųˡ
ü۵ʹŽ֮˵ϿɬȴĲҩζ
ǻ֮ȥζƺڸˣҲĥѣִӳŢ¼۷塣
·ߣ˸ֶεˣҲ˫մѪȡ˵š
һԼһѵԼʿģʹĥ˲䷭ǲɫ޲ðһĶǰ
˶ˡ
˵ţŲɿźʹࡣ
ţսͷ·
ֻ㣬橡
Ҳѣȴܱͣһֱһ
һ⣬ġ
һ㶣ͫ΢š
ˡ
۵Ŵֿɼ֮ˣͷȥëϣҡҡ׹ˮ
ϣ


61 
˿ڲ, ֻǵʱ˲ѪϿȥȽء
Ŵÿҩʱ, ޲ôʹ, Ҳһ
һܵ꿪ʼ, 橵һҩʱ򣬾ͷŵؿ
Ҹſ, һ, ˳
Ŵ橿ʼ˿, صͷ˵ţףˮ
ʧɫ, Сͨ죺˵Ųǿˮ
ŵſ, Сֲ˲
ѡûŴ, ˵, ҿҪϽֺˡ
Сȭص
˵ûýֺǽ޽֡һؽš
Ŵֻǿ۵Цš
㡣Դ橵Ŀ֨, ˵š
ңŴץСһֺЦţ, үүȥ档
˵꣬ķԣֱӰ˱ˡ
ˡ
뿪ûãſڴ࿪ĵ
ࡣ橾Ⱥţôпˡ
ʹѾȥʮ죬һֱڸвŴ˵ټҳʱ𸴲ҵĹְ
ֽ֮ȥ֧Ĵ£һʱͷ޶
֪ݺʹʷֻһ˱޼û˱ڹټҰͷȴһֱ²ʯͷ纣޶
˴ռʮպȥҸͻ˲ˡ
Цŵͷأ
վſŤŤݣ޹˵ŷǱֱȥˡ
գգۡ
ӳ𣿡Сʵ
ôءջߣ˵
ϷһУǸǣ˵ĳĬ𽥱ŵʱ䡣
Ŷſڶ֪޾ظɰͰӦ£װ
̲סսίԹš
ʧЦ鷳ӡ
˺޷ӦֻôͷɥصͷӦ£ת뿪ˡ
ֻûȵӣǵȵһ벻ˡ
С̴򡣡橿ǰ֮ˣʵôˣ
ΪһšЦ˵ţӻͳһţô֪û취ݴߴţҲס
橽ӹеŷ⣬һ򿪾˲ϡ
㡭̧ͷ󾪣ǡ
ӦþǷʼ򣬡÷Լٰ֣б䣬𸴣ټҷΪѣұ㡣
ؿ
һʱ侹ȻûͰʲôϵ
㡭ʯ䣬ͻȻʵǰܾôʱΪͨ籨š
京ЦͷȻȻɽׯôأҲһйҵõʹңٶһĪİҲӳ
Ǵκˣ
ͷҡҡͷҲ֪߾кܶ಻һСȲǴˣҲǴκˣһ㱸ѹ
κʱɽĽʿʿٶڴΪͬκһֱڱռݴ໴Աʮʱͬô˺ʹκһ֡
ǵĳſѣĴ׾ֲСС/꣬ȺźӶûУ˶ƺΪ֡
ĸĸ˫һǴκˣЩСαܸߣЩΪ䣬Щͫ׻ɫȻҲЩˣէһûʲô
ٲ䣬ϸȥܿһüߣ갮ЦС
ǡ橶־ðջߣ򴽣㲻ǣϴ㣬Ǵˡ
ֻЦЦЦȴ˿ζ
Ѵ߹һȦǻζǼЦܿڴݣٶݡ
ôͰʶġŷ⣬Ȼǰſ塣
׼ҵ˲ˡĵ˵ţаѪӥ׼ȻҲͯӣҲɾ㿴ݼҲҲһʿ𡣡
Щδŵ飬ֻһ󺮲
ԣǡͷüӽϴġ
˫ֱۿϣĬš
ֽŵָս
ǱݼΪΣ̧ʵ㲻ǹټҵ𣿡
ЩԼ׾ͺˡ˸ǷЦºͣͳʱһģһ
ɨһţ𲻹ĺã඼˵ֻ˵ԼڱסˣҲٰˣٰӣóű
īԴǼȷʵǰдſ⣬ֻԴǱĪ֪һ㽹ǺͲ
ҹͻȻٻؾŸǼҴҵأ֮㳹ʧǰ
˵׼ˣҺͻشǱǰ׼ҵļ
ϸصֽÿһ¶˼Ҳټ£ֻǲ֪˰׼ҵָʹԼš
Ϊʲô˰׼ҵָʹطš
Ҫټңֱ빬ҲȷڵʱѾϣݼҪÿ졣
ңǰ˵ģǰ׼ָʹƽӽϴģĿľѡ
ɷµصͷһ˵ţ˵ҲЩ
ֻδ涼ġ橿¶һЩа˵š
˭֪أǷ˶ѡ
߿㶼Ҳĵġű߼ʵ˵š
俴΢΢Цţĵ˵ţͻȻ̧ɨɨŴ
ˡ
ſڣؿɫƽʹ࣬еˤڵϡ
ˣԺ±ҡ˻֣ζ˵ҺһΣȥκ
ͽķͻȻԴ
񡣡һæǰ˷ôˣ
֪Ϊʲôҿͷۣܺ¡ϣʹ˵š
һϸͷ亹üĽ塣
뱧ŷ񣬡Ȼ㿴
˺һ侲˵֣ôÿο
ĬƬ̣ż˵ĻŻŵġ
üԴǱˡ
ףôˣྪȵſԥ˵ţʲô𣿡
̧ͷȥȴվڹŴ
ӡȺš
ʲô飿ɨһ۵ϵǽ壬üʵ
ûʲô飬ˤһӡ
һȥʰˡ
ͻȥúϢɣҲҪˡοţó˲ϵ亹
˫ֽգǿװ򶨵ˡ
ôˣ̧š
·ͷ棬дռҸ
æеĶʯϣЦؽţٰһŽ۵Сѳȹ٣󻨣ЩǴ·˲˽ٰķ׼ġ
⻰ҲǷ˴ġǿһ䡣
ǳȹȻɶ飬طľϣֻһҲܿݻƷӣ˿ƣ˿ߣͼоɣŽ۵½ڣ
ЩöɣôЦ˵š
ǰ֮ˣĬƬ̺˵㡣
һ㶣ʶ̧ȥ
һ˫۾չҫüĿͣۿ˵ʱǸƺˮٵĸо˳У԰Ρ
Ϧѹձ᲻ԼԺе֦ڲ֪ѳѿʵĴɫ
ſСɵβͲһѿɨһվŵˣ͵ת˸ӣ˯¡
ԭҡҡ׹Ҷڽһβɨȥ֮
橱еҶѣջߣָȥ·ϵĿҶһʱҲ֪οڡ
ƺЩһ
ԣȻڸĬ£زһ˿ͬ
𣿡
㶵ؿ
ҽµһо֣ǰϣ˫֡˹˵ţѾ鷿ںˣǸȤһͬ֡
۾΢΢һ
һ˲ٲоֵӣһֱ˿ɽ⡣һһ֣Ӵ롣
 
ǰ󳤹˲ʱҲֻӼ˼ң˰ݷţΪҴҪڶ³ڴ磬ٰƷȫˣЯСŮ븮
˲²ҪλСɾѡˡ
һʱҶʼʱţ޲ԼҲСʼ飬޲һιӣܵ
ûʲôϵһͱ·ͷֺǺǵشµõߣ׼ȥ绳һ档
ȻĲܺһ𣿡
ϵ֪ղܺһϢʱ̲סüһʵ
šǣС֣Ц˵ţ˺ʹһСҪСһ𣬶㲻ҲʶСɾ𣿡
ܼѵ˴ֵĻԶԶݼҵǸضǰ֮ЦЦվſӭӡ
ݷˡֵ׳꣬·ͦͷһ˿˵¸ɾ֪ǰ֮ԼҴ˵ĵã̬Ҳǹȴġ
ܼҡЦŵͷ
ſ½½Ѿͣ²ӷ˲ⶼ߿һۡ
ܵλҴܼԽӴÿɲࡣ
ολСˡ
ǣ״Сܼҡ
СֻܼǼ򵥽һ䣺֪ͬķˡ
ȺȻ˵߶ϣԼȱ߹Թվŵϡ
һҲӳԲĴ۾ЩĪˡ
λСӰɡſڵı仯Ц˵ţСɾͱø۽Сˡ
ĸ𣿡ͷš
ȻСɾⱸѩɽǧɸءɫ˵ţźһСѾߣ˵СӿҪѡѾ
ΪʲôҪѡǣͷһݽϺãС㣬š
һСкЦ
겻⣬ŤͷһۣвѺãüͷѹǣ橵֡
״ɨһСкķһ⣬æ˵С£õǸ
ҲŲǸˡСк֮⣬ֻư˵š
ŭˣǱǿˡ
ǿ׳·˵š
üһõؿ
Ʒˡɫǳš
ʲôչ꣬ѡʹŮŹսǴһ
Ǿõ겻绳䣬մոµϺɫ·ֻ߳һСŰģ
վ·ڣֿ꣬Ǹ˵кӣ˵ҪҪϣߣ⽳
˻һ˶ɫЦСɫɷס
ãߡٿЩˣֻǶ֡
̧ͷһ橣ͷ¶Ц
غһıǰҸС
ͳ֧ĺɫСҡͷԣ˵ţԼֵģÿ𡣡
绳֮ŵͷ
ÿ컨޽ա秵ؿš
ֻˡÿ֣ժһ޽ǣʣµһԼԴϣ˵ţ˵ĻˣÿĻһһȡ
绳仹ǵһͷɫСֻǶƮƮС컨ǧ֮أһʱɴ۾㶵ؿꡣ
Ǹӣ̫Űˡ˴˵Ķ橵֣Цֱ
Ůε
Ϊ˵ʲôҲղŵĳҲúЦ
ЦԽ졣
Ƕ̫ˣˣĸҪΪϸ񡣡˲ᣬĽ˵ţãǡ
ˣҲ˵ˣʵĸҪ㣬ǷǣŰ硣
ǰ滹磬嵲ʱ˳
ҵȻ˵㲻ʤ˯ˣôҴȥĸ
û뵽վȻǴ󳤹Ҫˣôӡ
пһ
ģĸ˺ܺáֱֻǼ㣬ضġ
һ佻ģʲôʵ˵ˡ
ʧƬ̺ЦЦҲ΢˽һĸһ˳ᢣȾӸ̨ˣǸˣȻˡ
šЦЦŴСĴӲųȥŴ󳤹Ժȥ
ԺľӯⰲѾǵü˳ۣͶȹڶ
󳤹Ѹߣ壬׵ͷţ·żΪŰ£ü仹ŵʱɱϣһ˫ۿ˸ۡ
橱˴ʱֻһš
¹Ӣ˧
һ۾ͿϵͼΪȡ
󳤹ЩһֱǺŪĸ̬£ٰҲӺ
¹Ӣ˧ɲһ˻ȥ顣
󳤹橺ܿջߣ治ɫ¹
˫ǰ֮ˣ˵ɣ
Ǿʶղ㡣󳤹Ūеķ飬Ƥ΢΢ס˫۾
Щһֱȶ˹˵ţϿа㣿
û뵽Ȼ֪ȶϣһʱԶǣȻ֪ϸߡ
ڲֻ֪ʣˣοս˿¯ðỤ̋򶨰ζ
ǰζͻȻһ顣
Ҳۡ󳤹˵ţЩֽƭסҡ
̧ȥȴϺʹ󳤹ײһ
˫۾ֻһܿ˲޴Σս
ʲô򴽣š
˫۵һ˿ȣŪŷһ٣ϸǰ֮ˣƺҪ̽⵽ʲô
֮صͷеķ飬һɨի֮˵˲
ԭȼӣΪǵų֮ˣڿҲмֵġ
ôһȡʱ䡣
橵ɴ۾
ΪֻΪ˱ٰ˫ʧЦ㵱ʱٰгǧϰٵڻȥֻ̫ˣĸѡԼ
ѡԼƽҲ溫ԽФ÷˵ҲΪ˽Լ
𾪵ĿЦЦڵ˵ţΪΪػһͬܡ
ףһʱоκˡ
ܣڴǷתţԺƺһԼģһĲ²⣬ܿʧ
֪ұ˵˫ζ˵š
橿һ˲䣬ҡˡ
Ҫ֪ȫܣҪԼͷеһиǰ·ôߡ
֪ˣʹ֮Уʹڵʹ໹Ҫһ򱶡˫ɫЦ⣬˲鵽ᣬܲסˣѣˣϵĽһˣûͣĵ
Ȼͨգһ֪ʮԼˡ
𶯡
㻹֪𣿡
˫Ŀһ󣬾ڼ֮ǰһյ裬ûз
ң֪
ӣ
Ӳܽȥ
橣
ſͻȻͳĺǳ
һ飬ѹ
£ſڴ
˫̾һΪź˵ţҲǲ´ˣݼСӣ
ŤͷȥϵӳһϤӰ
ɣʾ˫Ϸ飬գ³һ߰Ĵ󳤹Ц˵š
󳤹ˡת˳š
˫Ƣصͷ¡
ӡ橿С˵ţôˡ
ĵǿ죬֪Ϣ˫Ȥţϧţλص÷˸ޣ֡
橲⣬ֻܳĬؿ˲ɫĽ档
÷˵˴£ժü˳ۣȴǿӲ˵ţ±ǳ֮£αǣ档
ʲô֪
򴽣ǿš
ҲʺΪҪŮǣ˫üЦš
ĬƬ̣ᶨ˵һ÷Ѿ֮ˡ
˫ָµķϵľģۻ˵֮
÷ԼͻȻ˵ҡҡͷ֪࣬˵öԣ÷֮ȷʵ֮
һŤͷ˵ǻؼҡ
橿ֻԼǰ֣ԥƬ˵ΪʲôҲ֪Ϊʲôǣ
˼Ƭ̺ɫ𽥼ᶨ
˫̧ͻȻЦЦЦţ㿴еҪ¸ҡ
Ҳ¸ңֻ֪ΪʲôҲججعӡ
ҡҡͷ
Ȼ֪ȶ֪ϣ֪ߣҲ֪ʲô
ʡ
˫ģֱӸ˴𰸣
ǣһ̽˵һֻˡ
Ǳ
˫̾ţβ³
У׻ΪΪȸв֪Թһֻȴֶһˡ
ΪƣΪ֮յü·ɣҲûбʵģο½ղô壬ѵֻҪ𣿡
㿪ھȶ֪ϣɼ֪࣬嶼˵ֻ֪ԹԼ飬Ӳ֪
Ǻ࡭ۣлҷӵ˼·ѹֻһ˵ţһӴ󲻿ɿأʱ֮ļƻһҪһܿƵķ֮ˣٰҲûбҪʵˡ
ǴĴ󳤹£ֹٰټҡ³һŲ輸ϵǱҪǣ͹ټҲͬ
ټ㣣ضҪѰһѹƹټңƷеˡ
˫ĻɶĿ࿴ȻǺŮ
ڻͷŻʵǵ½ôңΪΣ
ΪϵǿϵǸߡ
ΪʲôҪЩ
橣һͻȻضĻǽ򣬡ˡ
橶ҡҡͷ֪
֪歵ʱʹ𣿡˫ˣһת赭дʵ
橲⣬ǵ˵ͷ
֪ʹһ򱶡
橡
ΪĴ󳤹һ֣ȴĪĿѹһʯ
֮Լ
ԭ
˭
ϵÿһ˵
£ӲشĻ
һ㶣ڽӲУٿػش
˫ֻǶյ˵ȥ֪ø࣬ҡ
Ϳ͡


62 
橺, ౧ԶԶһࡣ
ͣһžСУҡε, µ, һж뻭֮, ڵŵգ˶Ϊżͣ
ôģһ࣬壬ȷʡ
, ݷðʱ, , һʱ˵©졣ɫÿҲ֪Ǵ󳤹Ҫ㡣
Ȼǲġ
橲׿㲻Ҽ¡
, 򴽣ᶨ˵롣
֪

Ŀʧ, ˵ʱ, ǵѪһεҵֱ, Դұ㿴Ѫˣ˱ЩϢ
յȶʱž˵Ĳ״µجΣҹ£ղ, ֱҹɱҲ˯˹ȥ
ȶգҿűصѪ, ĺһ·ͷѣŻ㱼˼Ҳˡ
ѾƽվĽڵϣΧƮǺůĳ΢磬ڻʱĵλ䣬˵ſƽĻɻĿھʹ
Ϊһ
޷Ӷ
ԸһͰҲζӲ£ǳĬģ̵ģģɽƽЩϢ
ʹ౻ѹ߱ܽܵӱʹࡣ
ֻ񼤵ʹ
橡ְڻУҿԱ㣬Ϊ㱨𣬰橣ֻҪ֮ǰ㡣
һƿĻ˵αңΪұ𡣡
˲ѡ
ĿγһǼɫ
ʹ࣬մӹгҪʹࡣһͷ飬ʹࡣ
߱ҪǣܴӵսվΪʲôҲСһֻˣΪҵꡣ
ʧؿƺϿһ˵Ӱӣֻʹرۡ
㡭橵˵ԸҲһ𣬳вԵʹôСʲô֪
ҡҡͷۣüڴů½Щ԰׵
橣ᶨ˵ţҲԸ
üҴеȸ
˵ĶԻеɢĵز
ǲ˵ұȥ塣橷ݣ˵ݣһԸҡ
ƿӣҪ
ץ
֡ȥץ
ȥݣ˵ţ˵
橱ۣ³һ
֪ǰʲô·Ѿ޷˵̤ȥ
ΪΨ֪࣬ܿǰ·
ղ˵꣬ǰ˭»ʵ
Ĭţɵ
ǣ÷ˡɫ˵ţ󳤹˵
վΪ÷ΪƻѳҲˣվǰıꡣ˵Ҫһ
Ƕֱֻƻɡ
Ϊʲôҡǡ˫ֽգš
ΪƻҪһˡһ˼Ƭ̣żƽ˵ţżƻҪһ
ʲô
Ҳ֪󳤹Ҳ֪վ̽飬Ӧ֪мԼҲ֪ҡ
ﲻҡã˵ţСֻҴס鷿У䲻ɻҿκ飬˵Щ˵Щ顣
Ƿ飬橶ӡǺȴҪ׽
У˸˾ְǴ󳤹ҲǶ֪һЩ˵÷˵һֱ֪
ǲ²⣬öйأΪȫֻöǺµģ÷ȴͻȻ壬ûκλء
橳Ĭš
꺫󣬺÷֮ڱɱϳǣѾûˡ
ΪҪԾ
ߴתһȦû˵
ټΪҳݺͬɱ˲ˣҲ˽⡣
橵ͷǵˣ
ȻЦţǸҲǸˣĺɴɱһǧɷŹһ
ʱѾǣϣƱػǣຫµĶӣйټ߳һλˣ֮ļδмһУ󳤹²ӦþǼƻеˣùټӴƻ
÷һȷʵΪ뿪һΪʱ䣬ܸõӦ֮飬㿴ôٰˡ
㶵ؿǧͷƺһ˿Ծ
ģ˵ǲ룬÷ΪҪ׳ҵѡ֮ǰŵˣΪô׷Լ
ָ΢ʶգգۣ촽
Ĭţɬڣ˵һֱǰء
ֻи߸ϵİӣ׷棬Ҳ˷
Ҳֻ΢ͨ޸֮ŮôΪһֱ˵š
橵ɴ۾üһ˲ƺδ˼ɺܿɫɷףš
˿ΪΪҵĺԼŮѪΪͳһ뱱̾һѪ·
ٿش˸ֻûڷһɲ֪Ϣɫѩס
ԡѵգգۣ˵ţڷ飬һҡ
Ҫӵ뻳еĳ嶯ü۵ʹԺһ
鷿пںĹ£֪ǿᣬȴ࣬Ҳӱ˿̸ڳ͢÷
еһʶãֱߴһ⣬߸ϵˡ
ɽգȴ˸Ǽٵġ
һĺԼŮĹѪʹһӴļƻ
˵֪ͷᱻϣ۵ţڿԭһжġ
Ƚϳɾͺͼΰҵͳһϱӵʲô
վϣҪúô塣
Ʋǣ˶ԣ޿ָԳƵϸС
Щ֤𣿡˫ֽճȭѵţЩǵƲ⡣
Ʋ⡣
㲻Ǻܳݺ𣿡ٿ̧ͷ۵ؿߺ޲ʣԡ
ҲšĻڻְ˱ڻУǶڹѪУҲţ橣ˡ
û֤ݣ˵֤ʶָġ
ҲԨȻҲֻԨζԸҲ岻׵Ԩ
ٲܵǣ֪ࡣ
Ϊܵǣֻʣһ橣ΪֻʣһھеŮ
һº󣬴󳤹󶼱ٰа׻ΪΪȸǮұȶŴλȶ֪Ƿᵽ
ٰһΪ˼ϸǷλϣڶҲΪλǱڹټߵţΪٰĽƿһӡ
侲ɫڣ˵Ϊץڼ飬ΪѰࡣ


63 Է
ݱλ, עһӵĵط˵ıǺ¥ȶˡ
ȶͬڽȶķչ෴Ϊλõ, ֳһֳ/š
ֻҪǮ, ˭, ֻҪҵõֵң˻ֻҪ˱ѣȶõȫӻȶۡ
ﳤƳҹϨ, ֻЦ, ޼ﲻ, ȶԶֵ̬
ȶеǴɫɫ¥Ǻ¥סĵطƸʯǶ, ݻ⣬޿ɱ⡣
, ٰšһͷߵ˹ڻɫĵ̺, ˵
һ˫ɫ쳣ѩ׵ֽӹϵ˺ɫŷ, һֻչ߷ɵĻ
Ȥŷ⣬һŹֺЦл
պȥٰ
˹ţɫ°ܼĻ滨ԡ
ݰ
ڴŻϣԼһ̾Ϣ
ͬʱݡ
ݵȶһ߾ͻбȹرգ¥ٹʱ¡
һת, ݺطһŷĺˣóΪ, ̻Ӧ˶ЩѾ϶·
ӣЩӳץһٰ̽ӡ
޵Ů˵š
ڿɫ䣬Ŀϣʵ˵ʲô
ֻ˵ҪѰˡ
ȶңǸ˷ٵˣ˹ĵʵ
ǡ
ȶʧˣʲôҡ̾һе飬󷽷¶һſ˵ʲô£
й³һٰǫ˵š
˵ΪΣ˽ӹ澵ӣϸϸָŨڵü΢΢һһ֮
ֻ˵Ϊ֮¡
ݰ˲ӵһ٣ź̾һϧˡ
˲䰲鷿ڽͭͷð̣ľԲĴг
պȥٰɡСӵ˵
Զǧٰ֮Ŵ٣Ҳǰ𵴣źԺųĬš
ҽݵ飬ٰиڼҵĹԱر߾Ľһһʡ
ԶڴɢصֵܸҹＺ״
һʱٰĻ̡̻
Ĺ飬ֵǣõĴҲûֱӱ尴²
ȥ縮ؼʱȴɺӭײϡ
ŲˣһǻظҪ¡
֪ͬ橱ãü˳
Ȼ˴·ɴò٣ֻѺë멻£һ磬մŲ԰֮ɫһ˫ǳɫͫԽԶ
ݷˡͣ½Ųꡣ
ţЩӶдš
ϵɫѵţܿɰ
˭ϲȣ¶Цͻ̵ģ̶ʱѾ²һġ
ֿƽʵȴЩŹֵΪ𾪣̲ס̧һ塣
ݷ˵˵䣬֪ɷ񡣡忴ʵ
̧֪ͬˡ橵ͷӦ¡
һͨͤڣ屻紵ÿԼֱȧϷϺͣ¡
Цˡóϸֱָʵɺ˵顣
򴽣ͷ֪ģ˵ˡ
֪ĺ֪Ҳûʲô𡣡Цһӡ
𣿡̧עǰ橣ʵ˫ǳͫչԽ͸һ˫èͫ
橻ҡҡͷҲš
ջ˿ߣ֮ǰˮһıţҲš
ĸš
ͷ̾һ³һٰһλᣬҪƴճƻ
ٰأҲ÷ģ»Ҫͷˡ
橿ʵΪ֪ͬҲţ
Ц˵ţ㲻Ҽұٰ꣬Һͺһꡣ
̫һˡƺûλĺֻܻ࣬³֣֮磬뾭ѵ
Ǵ󳤹Ϊţлζ˸ȫ෴Ĵʣתʵ
Ϊеָˡƽ˵ţĸ´Ӳƾ飬ֻ֤ݣڵ֤ȷʵˡ
ЦЦˣѾĸȫȨίиˣƢǻû˵ɡ
ۣβ΢΢̵˵ţһ˿ֻʹ
΢΢㶡
ȷʵû˵
ǻδ˵ɣҶˡΪ΢΢һЦɫҲˣҲȼˡ
ȻԶԶĺ
ĻáԶԶţɸпһ䡣
橴ੲݵĻ
ô˵
Сǰߺ󣬲˵˵š
橻񣺡أȥ˺öģԶ´Ҫ޽
Űصͷ
ʹ𣿡š
ʹԵءҡͷԣ˵ţòС
ŲС
ǿš
̧濴
룬մǸСкǾĻȻ˽ȥ
Ȼºӡ橰˱ڻУᰲοš
ţʲôʱԴ޽ȥ氡ܿתƻ⣬š
Сӣ˵ȥӡ
ţͷ⡣
ӲͷƤ˵ϾĽӸЩ黹Ҫӵģͬ˲С
꿿Уϸ룬˵˵öԣˣ
ǾϵĿ佱ĪЩ顣
һελá
˿˻Ƿ޹ϵʶ˶֪ǰʵ
ܿ˱һҪ歾ȳ
̬ȡ
򴽣һʱҲĥ͸
¹¾ʯǰ΢ѵˮǣʹ
ƺû̹¶Լ˵顣
⼸պ˺ü档
Ȼõˮ©һҲûС
쳣֣̿Ͼ뿪ٰǰҲԼģİв԰Σֱʵ޴һ
Ϊһֻȸ񣬱˸߸ϵС
ͣСԺſڣͻȻһͣԼ
ˣꡣǳ߸˷һ
ͬͷغţ壡壡
Цüۣ˱˺ü£Ű±ػУ˵ţףǲǳˡ
۾һͷȻ˸ƣôأ䶼ˣڸ·
ôǶٰЦеš
걻סˣŰ۵ָСָţյüë
ˡͷɥС˵š
塣һ򵭵ػš
塣ЦųΧš
˵ͬ⧲ţƿߡ
˲ˣָͷڶǰ˵Զԣ塣
ȴǰԼϣʵô֪
ߵʹ˵û۾
һ죬Ծ֪Ϊ˻룬꣬С˵ңû۾
ջ֣ŤͷͻȻȥҳԷҪ˵
һ㶣ʶȥ橣ȴҲһԾʱ֪ΪЩʧ䡣
㶼ɡֽӹ꣬С˵
ͷȥ橵ĸ첲һţҲһȻǰ˵ˣ껹޽һ˯
Ŀϣʿˮ
橱ܿߣͷš
ݼһƳϣǱߵǱߵ𣬸˺ˣȣճʮˡ
ۣŴͣĽ֣öԵġ
Ѱʲô鰡¹ٷһɫ޷࣬˰ƵϣЦš
橶Ǹֵӣ˺һջߡ
ŤŤݵذ˵ˣĽҲһ
Сˢˢؿ峺
ĽѾʼˣѹ˾Ϳˡ÷صͷ书ζҪɡ
Ľ伤صͷ
ѾҪ˰ÿָοĽļһصͷ
ҲҪģֻ̫Ц˵ţҿϲ赶ŪǹҲҪ˫޵ġ
ʧɫæŤͷȥ橡
صͷҽ͸øһģ㿴ˣĽҲͿʼˣҲöˡ
Ҳһ˵š
Դ
ﲻãǶй֣Ժ㣬Ϳ˹˹ĵȥ͸յĳһοš
ָͻȻһ֣ŤͷϸȥžͿʼЦ
˵Ҳô˵ġ
Ϊǳĵ
Ҳҵô˵úЦŶ
ڵٿذ
ĽСԴ޲ô˿ʧ
橵߲ײһ𣬴ƵĿڿⴥ֮󣬸Ǳƿߡ
ڳ˵꣬Դ϶֣Сһ֪޾ػš


64 ͺ
һٷ, ˽ǳԵĲɡ
ĽͷҲֻ̧ǰķˣһٷ, ӶҪŵùԲ
ȥɢɢĽ·ǰ, ͻȻ̧ͷ, ɨһһٷһԵˣжʱԼС̣ӣ˵, ˴ߡ
ð겻, ˵صͷ, ¿ӣĸ첲޽ٵ˵, ұɡ
ΪӦԷĸ߶ȣʽĸ, СȻ˻, һزܹء
һ, ϲԣر꣬СϲҪȥˮߣڻ԰Ϳˣ֪𣿡
֪
Ҫʵ̫Ѿȥʳ衣橼СӶԳ, ⶣһ飬˵ó, Ҫ̫á
֪
Сǣ֣ԹӦ¡
ȥɡѾ߶ȥջߡ
һ£ͻȻòԾΪ˿ֻʣһ橡
˸˵λֻǰķˣԳĬš
Ա𣿡һڰգ״򶨵˵š
š橷¿ӣͷ
ΡȻӣһСʵ£
һŹ˵Ҳȥߣʳɡ
ûһֱ뿪ѾˣھȻһߣƲסĵϲ۾һӦ¡
ӡ橱ܿߣǿһ䣬Ҳ㰲οһԼ顣
šϲɫ
¶ءǰ˵ഩɡ
ӣҡͷ̫鷳ˣҾͺ˵䣬ҹ˯ĽԺУӲһԺӰɡ
˹¹죬΢΢ЩʧѾԣֻǼöȡ磺ȱûġ
ֻõͷӦ¡
ȡ˳һ䣺ͣѾȥλСˣ˻ϰɡ
Ҷҡڵɫ磬ȥ橣ϰɡ
ֽӹ磬ȴס

ѵǿӲ˵š
㶵ؿȥڨڨջǰ˫֡
֣ΪƯ֣޳𪣬ǽڷƤϸ壬׵ɫ˾ĵ覡
ǰ֮˵ֲƯ赶ŪǹָͻżӣɫҲǴеɫʤڹɣƤ£ʱؽͻ˾ú
˫Ѿǵ˫԰׵֡
ӵ˳һվٰǰм˿˵ȴһ˫ֳ
Ҷ֮ǰģ֪ûͷϸϵ磬ΪһŤŤ
橵ͷɨһۣòƿۡ
ѿ
˰ûСֻǴŸոյСȶǵ磬֪ΪЩʧ䣬Ҳˡ
Ȼʧʱ֤
ʧƬ̣źһ˵߰ɡ
šӹŮеĵ˺ˣŸ
˵ʲôһŵţв֪ΪȴĪһ
橼һƬ֪ΪεڼͷҶתţ˼ƬС˵֪ʱٰ𣿡
˵£жʱʧţ򴽣Լ³һ
Ƕ𣿡ʵ
֪ҡͷȶƢദݵĺ¥˾˵ǴˣǻѪˣԸ󵨣ݵĺ¥ѹرգҲ֪١
ǡ𣿡橽ʵ
ǣȶʮǰΪ֮бҳ٣¥˵Ⱪ¶¥˷Ӧܿ죬̾ˣЩһֱûϢӦڵġ
ŤͷΪȷ
ü󳤹Ǯׯ˱ÿ궼һİ롣
ԭǮׯڴ󳤹УŤͷš
ÿ궼գǮׯϰİԭЩ󶼻䵽󳤹С
šͻȻ¼ʹ֦СĿ·
橿ǰƣƽߣܸоԼĺģǼ·ζ
׿֮ˣ֪ΪΣԭã֮Ļ˳㲻Ҳ𣿡
һ㶣ʲô
橼װɵ򴽣ƿ֣˵˵󳤹Ѵ¶ˡ
ʶץס֣ȷʵˡ
ͻȻһ飬סüĽ𣺡ԣˣ
ǲô֪Ĵ㡣һã̲סŤͷһǻƢô˳
ȴ۾һ
橼״Ҫ˦֡
æҲǰ֪ģûҵʱ㡣
üһ֮ɫίԹţֻʱҲܿ㣬⼸궼棬㶼ҡ
һһԸӲ¶һ棬СèƤͻ˹ĪڱλֻǿؿʼЩ顣
죬ȷʵ춼̤ݼҡ
ԺġҩˮСֶ࣬úܡ
Ҳúײ˼䣬ھ¥һܣҴСЬЦһЦš
ϵڻã橾š
ҺݼҵĹϵڼ޸ҲһαʧܣһѪر̧ݼҴѣҳѹ´¡
Ϊγ棬˵ǵʹֶΣ嵼޸Ŵһҡҡ׹Э顣
ֻ˲Ǻϵ𣿽ôֵڴˣ
òˣɻۻ࣬ǰ㣬·ϿҲ˵һ仰ڲãֱ˵ţس/㡣
˸ֻϻģڨڨصͷּյ֣㻺
Ȼˣұ㡭橵˵š
ȴͻȻڣ֪Ϊκ𣿡
һ㶣̧ͷɵɵҡҡͷ
ȴ֪˼ѯʡ
ָ¶һ˿Ц⣬ս֣һֻᶨ̬սһ˷ȴס
óΪЩӽݵͷ̫ݾ߼ҹԱҾ졣
ſڵʵÿնԸĶ˻ԩϵĳҲѩ˹ûδ¡
ףӲԺôȥá橼ʱʡ
һ٣˵Ϊ³á
Ϊ·˹Ȼûģ˰ȥ˵ʲô޲ɶԡԽԽҽ۴¡
̲סͷô˵Ҳû
һˣ쵰ܰʲôģǴұ
橾ȵ۾ɶϵ
Ǹ޹ذЦţö˶˵Ҳ֪ͬԺģͲҸΪ׽ײ׳־ڵʩչȥȰһ㣬öԴҲ²ټҺͲһӡ
ɫڣһʱȺϡ࣬©Ӻοʼ
橺һŷӦһЦ˳ίţá𰡡
ôش𣿡Ťͷմ֣۾ɢȥЦü䣬ԵͫԽ
һʱʧ
ӣ橺һ䡣
ٿػƿߣɤӲ֪Ϊɳ˼
Ҹ˵ͲҲְͬΪŻѪΪϧŸʣڲ˵ãʵǰҲȰ£˹ټŭͽ
ЦŵͷţҲ𡣡
֮Աǣ˸⡣
˵ȷʵ´£ûжԡ橺š
Ϊƻȴʵʩˡŵ֣΢΢һΣѵôһ˿˼ȰȺְܣóȻױڸԱϵİ֪ͬȥȰְܡ
橰һֲãҽСϿ˵֪ͬˣҹҽ˲СĶ
Ͼʹٹһǰʮ䣬Ĵܲס̼Ҳǳ¡һš
ȴǱ̨ʡ
֪ͬһˣǷ˵ҲҪһһԲΪҲǽľ
ô֪ͬȷʵʡ
ȵ۵ʦָߣʹ󣬲±Ǽ¾ǹټҲҪּοʡ
Σ˾֪ĿĴﵽˣ
֪ͬ橲޵
֣ˬ˵ҽġ
ʧЦֻúЦóļƣŤͷҲŶ
䣬Լͬͣԭ
ǰֱӵӣҲķ˼Сż⽨һСȣֱʯͷһЩضСȴо¡
΢΢ƮӰ涣֦ҶҡҷѲĽŲ𽥱ƽ
ŷ˫ֻڽգʶһֻöЩ̣
ֻĿյģս
ѲߵȣӺͷˣ
ɡ橻˻֡
æͷҲص뿪
Ҳûȥˡ橻˵鷳ˡ
ͷ
űûͻȻͦŤͷ˵˵Ϊκ֪ͬھ¥Ҳ
Ǻ֮ˣֻʵ벻ӵγܡ
Įǲ˵ȴ忴ºʵ䡣
ǽΨֶԷԼ·ǣʵڲУǰǰģʵ벻˳ܵӡ
ߣĵˡ
Ƭ̣ԥǰһӣˡ
橵ɴ۾
δ£˵С˵峯Լҫʱ˵©죬Ҳ³ˡ
Ϊ㳳ͷ˵
ȻǡСһۣ˵˵ˣɲ
Բףһ˵ţǿɲ˵
ŵüұ㲻˵ˡ
橱Ӳһ㣬ֱ棬ֻðצģһʱָգüͷ
ʵҲʲô£ᡣ˵š
橵
㲻Ӧҿɲ˵˵ţ˵ţȻȷʵֻһ롣
Ȼһ橴ǰ֮ˣ˵ºйأϵС
Լʼ֮ǰĻ˿룬ҪŪס
˵Ϊ糳ܵȥõģ˵ֻһ롣橻ţ˵һʵʵ顣
һ⡣
ǰУ˵ºϵɲӦðûʲôϵǱǿдһϵŹϵΪǻǣǴ󻷾
һͺҹƮ˻ΣҲͻȻԼû⣬ƽװʯͷԼĽš
һûڣֻܽ橿
橼״ͻȻüǲǸղŶ˰
Դǵҡҡͷ
ѡ񡣡ָҧвһ̹ףڶվס
ʻģָڻƵУϸ΢΢һģ߸Ʋǰ֮ˡ
ֻ˿̵ۣСǰʹסָѻӵġ
橲һ㶣ͷֱ
̹סָָץס㣬Ȼˡ
գգۣϵĽӲ
ٰѾ̫ȫ
ִָųҲٰ꣬ԼƤӵ¿ţ˵ͻӦ츮кү򸾺ҲܱܿǷǡ
˵ţĿһֱϣƬҲƿ
вҲС
ôĳԹ˳ƴˣӲãҲ֣óѡ
ԣƭң˿ûбĻ˼Ƭ̷̺Ӧ⻰˼дŭ
ղ˵ֻ֮ûպ˵컹дŰȥӦ츮
գնˡ
ҴˡϵǸţָսֹסܵĶ˹̶ԭһֵֻĵֱˤڵϡ
˼£׻Ϩˡ
˼΢Ĺ˲䰵ֻʣ²Զϵĸߵͷǵ΢¹⡣
ò˵ֻȥյָ
κ˿
ҵ⡣̷˼ţ´ҲѯٰȷʵȫֲҾǵġ
ֲˡ
ͻȻһ
ⲻƭҵɡҧгݵ˵ţҪߵɡ
֪Ҿ֪ࡣ
̧ͷ߷˵š
ָ֣ס۾
Ŀ⿴ҡ˵ţҺ¡
գգֻۣǰƸ䡣
˵öԣǲ֪ܰȨֻŸ޼ɵؿս˽ʮָ˵ţԺ֪ʲôҶ˵ֻҪ漰ûܣԸһ˵
ڷѾȴѵ͵ķ˿ϣġ
̲סüֻ졣
˵㲻ȸüɻ仰˼Ҳݸ
Ҳ֪
ס۾ֻ֣ע˫˫޲עǻ顣
Խ
橱һ˫Ŀעţźˣʶһ
Ǻͺðɡ
Լǰߣͷ


65 ˿
ͺʲôŴ, 첽ߣݺ˵ҿɲͬ⣡
ںڰһȻͨ졣
Զ, ǲԶŵ
Ҳͬ⣡Ŵ˲˵, Ťͷ, һŤͷͿվŵˣԽ߷ߣְš
˽, һԸѹõġ
ҪԵ, ҪǮ, Ҫһֱõġ
棬ޱ飬۵һ¹š
, ɫĲ豭Ŵ񱻲β͵Сè, ⲽ, , ﺬֹš
ŴղŵһĻŵһɢûˡ
ƣһǽˣʲôˣ
޷޲ƽ
Ҽҵİײˣ
ñҼʱ֡
˶ǻĵģڵò㣬õ˾ͻ֮ǰһϧҸ˵ٰ˶СŴöʼǨŭȫٰ, 橿ʼĵȰš
෢˶ӣŷžƵζ, ŨңЦ˵ţôȥݸˡ
ŴŲһ٣ʱе飬ʵ˵ţƵģңСǽˡ
ʵһֱŷţ´ֱŲǣǽ̫Σˡ
橺ȰţͻȻŵζʵôôŨζֺ˶١
Ŵ棬˵ţŰԶ㶼ŵˣһ·㶼ûŵŵˡ
ûҷУҺȾ˶ҡ
Ҳ֪ɫΪˡ
ʧЦ˵ţҲˣǵء
ǰյʱŻǰǹ֣˲ŻǰƾǰǰȻҹ顭
ô֪Ŵԣʧɫ
ֻЦţ򴽲˵
Ŵڨڨز˵ˣ㻹ǲҪˡ
ȥϢɡеĲյָתͺ˵š
Ŵӣ׼ͻȻӣ԰˵ҵʲô
ٸתƻ⣬˵飡
һؿ橡
Һʲô𣿡װɵ
Ŵߺһ˶ϥϴָǿû˵ֻװͰ͵ָָԼ۾Ҷˡ
һˣ
ţָȻһССľ룬߷߲ƽ˵š
ҳֵÿ졣
򴽣׼Σ
Ŵ°ͣԥ˵ţҰߣ´ҾͰơ
ɲУܳ¡ɫƽطš
ŴüüĽţô˵
ᡭʺԥش橣˵ţᡭ˰ɡ
Щֲ볯橷ֻһ豭֨
⼸վæźȾˣôô顣
橼״һЦӹеĲ豭ˣ壬ҺԼģҲ̫ǡ
ͿŴſյģ˵š
ҲͿġЦ˵š
Ŵбȥֻ˵ӰڻΣ̲ס˵ţҿе洫ĺͿһӲ塣
üȥʲô˼
ʱ໹ǣڵٰʱǮշ˴ˮ
Ŵ̾һɾòţʱڻ£ղǮ游˴÷һ顣
棬ʵȻأ
㲻֪ƽ֮ɣ֮磬һΪΪ񣬰ӣ֮ҹҺȾƶЦ
ŴָָǣһԭӶǼҹµˣʱ˵÷ˣֻҪ˵÷ˣԼһᣬֵ
ָ̫Ѩϣ棺ҿƽúܣ֪ѧĻУʱ¶Ǯͣ£ôš
š
ôˣ橹ȻϹš
ºɽ÷־ǺΪ÷ֵġ
ʧؿƺЩã
Ŵеĺ鵽Ĵ磬ˡ
ֲ÷Ϊһˣ
ô˵ǲ洫־塣ŴָΪ˵ţ㿴֮ǰǲҲôһȥġ
ָͻȻʵúΪˡ
ĬƬ̣ü۵ʹ˵Ϊ˼ҹΣ֮У
ŴϵЦʧüǰ֮ˣüĺݺ𣺡ں˵ʲôŲˡ
ôô
ŴΪ˵Ϊš
ƺҲô˻˵Щð԰ױţҾǺ˵ġ
㶮ʲôʶŴ˵ţü𣬡ǲ˫ǲ壬ǲǸ˵ʲôҾ֪ǶǺˡ
ЩǸиĿĵˣͺᲢۡ
֪֮ͽݡ
ؿ
֪֪ǸֶεˣֻҪӦ׼ҵҪͲƨడûˣȫ/ӹ
˵һΪԼⱲӲ֪ܶ࿪ģעҪΪգΪˣҾ˵Щҽܰ˱
Уء
һѵľأһԸϺˣһʵ֤ݶָ
⻰ɱģзԼԥգԭΪԵ׼ɵڲŷ˵
Ŵȴδ֮һŭ橣޺˵ţ˵ʲô
Ŵ򡣡һĴǰʢŭ
Ŵǿŷŭֻüıŭɫ
Խ𣿡
Ŵ˵ţٸҼʡ
Ŵ뺫ʶ٣ȻǸࡣΪãӰӳڴϣ֣ͦ޳÷˺ôһֱΪеһ⣬Ҳĥѣǰ÷ѳ
ǣ֮гͽŴĻЦţ˵ⷬΪ˺ΪԼ
ٰǵıƼ޽ӵϡٿЦſŴ֮ˡ
˫ȷʵУʶˣһƣƽϵʧ֮ˣҲһ˵ĺǻɺǺݼûˡ
һڣġ
ָһ̧ȥ
ŴʹʹˣŴǰСֻΪ˱㡣
˵ƻиֽӰӼƻ˵ţΪֻǿĺ壬װ׸㡣
ˮѾ˴ǱҪݡ
Ϊƻ֮ʵӰӼƻΪӰΪңһˣ֪ʱ޶࣬˰ʱⲼõľ֣ҺԸΪӰӱ÷ˡ
в²⣬дƻеˣʵʶӰӼƻˣֻһƻΪ˽ʧܣϼҹ±Ϊ֮֮ܲˡ
ŴЦһȴǴһ˿
һǸӣΪ˱ǣһ㱣ֻҪһ죬Ӱӱһ죬ֻҪӰҲڽ¡
ӰӼƻ塣
𣺡ڵȷʵΪƻ橼˸߸߼ڸߴ
ŴЦһ㶮ʲô˶ӵһ⣬һ¼бף˭Ҳɸز
Ǹ޶ڴƻеõʲôεӰڴ̨ϣΡȻȴǲƽֱӡ
ŴĬƬ̣ҹ֪١
ʲô˼Ӱ˻Ρ
Ҳ֪ʲô˼Ŵͷ˵÷橻֪ġ
ɣ÷Ѿˡ
㶵Ļ
ǰ˵ʲô
ֻǽ뿪Ҫٻٰ
ãȻ˵š
÷˵ĶͻȻʵ
÷Ѿ֪ȫƻûпܣյΪʱ䶼ֻǽڣʵֻΪ˱橣ƻȫժȥ
˭֪ƻжѹһˣİ橼һȥ
һؿӿȣ١
԰˵֮ˣֻʣˣС⻰ͲǶ԰˵ģǶ֪˵ġ
ôȥأ
橶ǵϵǵӰӣץһݣƬҲ뿪ߡ
ǸԺ˭š
Ŵ橡
橻ղҵһ죬֮Ż˵ˣ֣ҡ
ûˡ
ҡҡͷϣֻôˡ
һ侲˵ǹټ֮ˣڿټҲ֪飬ô˺͡ˡ
֡Ŵüܣһʮ֪ʲô
÷õˡ˵ȷǾʬǰ橵ģҲ֡
ͻȻ˵ȶ
鷿ȶǱҲøҵġ
ǿ֪ģʵ
ҡͷߺͲˡ
Ŵһ㶣ŵطţֲʶ֡
橿ڻ˵ţ鷿ʱҵģһ飬ҾͶǱ飬飬ȶ飬÷԰Ĳӡ
÷԰ͬ˵š
Ǹþɣɶ칤˿÷԰
ڲȥ÷԰ŴͻȻ˵
橴㵵ؿΪΣ
ţҲ֪֮ǰң޿ˣ㲻ȥ÷԰
ǿȥǸˡΪͷۣɢ֮ͷֱܵüߵٰ
֮һиϸ޺˵ţ֪ǵܡ
÷һֱסп֪ǵܣҪȻǴ֧гһϸ
Ŵ橣˵Ҫȥɺ
Ҳڡ
ȥ֡ŴӹĻ㲻ȥ÷԰
ҲŴ˵öԡ橣һȥ÷԰һα¶ʱ򡣡
÷԰Ǻ÷ԸĵطҲȷʵһŵƣǻ֪á
ŴԲϣһ裺ȻȥˣҾȥ֣һҪʳЩ߰Ķ
ĿŴ뿪ϣֱĴٿؾѡ
һתͿɵӳǸϤӰ
֮˲ڵĶ΢΢һ
ӡ֪վڴǰǵѩ׵ɴǵߵӰӡ
ʱҹɫѾֲָӰֻܽڵһʵ
橡ָ֣ɴϣŰֽɴӳһӡ
ʹֺһ΢΢̾
ӡ
š

š
ˡ
Ҵȥ
Ҳˡ
㡣
˫΢΢ƺҪսȴְһ谭ֻܸҹɫġ
һʱԼ˯ڴϣϸűӣлŲľζ
۷ʱͻȻſڴĺ
ˣҰͻˡſڡ
һ㶣æƿ´ôô硣
һ˽ͱӱۼ˯˹ȥﲻ˵˵ţҲ֪
Դ˵ţ˵ӲŽҰ˱ġ
һ㶡
 
Сƨ˭ҧǺ«ŽСкգŴ۾š
ĽҡҡͷСģطţСװ۵ģ·úúÿǮ˼ҵСǲ߶ˡ
ҲŲ߶ǳ档Скǿ򶨵˵š
Ŷ߶˰һҧǣһ߶ֻЦе˵ţҲ߶ء
Ск߳ŭ
ţ־סǰ/Сӣб߶ˡ
ԭҪ橴档
ղſǺ«ĲˣʹĽˣû߼ͿڵС޵Скˡ
֣ҲǱСкš
κСȴͦ󣬾֣ʮغˣֱ˶еСָָ㡣
ӰϢࡣ
ףӰ˰Це˵š
Ҽһ߶ı˵š
˵Ск߳ŭְƿ
Ľּʱֹסһ˵ţܴ˵ģ껹Сġ
⻰Ƕ˵ģֻбŻ᲻·߶ġ
ǵأȫ⻰ҲԼȥˣվһ࣬޽ٵҧǺ«ͷͬš
СкˣɵɵؿˣһʱҲúе
ôˡڸΣһŤͷĹСͲ֪ȥˣһԬ˵Ѿȥ
ŵŵûǺ«һӰУĨһ죬ָСк˵Ҽı߶أȥɣղſ޵öˡ
ĽҲŵͷˤһӣ·ˡ
橿ǰۣСкһʱΪ
Сıˡ
ףⲻǡһֱվԬãͻȻü
ʶŤͷʵ
ԬߵＸ䡣
Ǿšٿסڣа취ϵˡ
ԬͷֲҸղſֵػţء
һߵＸ䣬㼷Ⱥʧˡ
Ȼؾ¥ɡ
Скغ˼
ߡ겻˵ţֲǻˡ
æൽԬУ͵Ǻ«£Ȼ˵
ʱɥصͷ
Ѿ֪ͨˣȻӡ£ȥ¥š橵˵š
ǸСкԵɴ۾㣬֪ҡ
ţ߰ɣŵ¡֣ǣСֳž¥ȥ
橡Զ̯ǰһͫ˿ԶȥӰŹ˵š
ǡ
һֻءĳ̾һ


66 һ
橰ѾŻӴٰľ¥û, СһƬ
˭ЦеģһڳԽһûͣ, ĽƢ, Ϊ꼶С, ǳдͷ
Żһʼǳ裬ߴߴܼ˵Ҳ𽥷ʼһС˹˹ĵؿš
ЩĬ, ǰĽ˵
𣿡橸ǵһСʳ, һĵؿǳԺ֡
˸ߡԬ˵š
橵ͷ¿ȥ, ͻȻע⵽һ˫ҡһۣͷԲβ, ۲תһˮҡҷ, ⶯ˡ
һƾɰС¶˹ҡ, ΢΢һЦ, ܿƿߣµسǰªľе
ԣˡ
Ҳƿߣʧ˼ҡ
ôˣԬһֱ棬ʵ
ߴӴ־ͷ񣺡ûʲôиֵˡ
ָָ±ߵһ, ͻȻףأ
¶ԭŵ˲Ӱ궼Ϣʧ, Ƹһˡ
ԭиֵˡüһӣе㽭
Ԭ˼һ˿ɻǵģ
üţ˵òողżֻǵ˫۾
ֻǵһ˫ͷԲβһۣƤİףָӡй˵ţ֣ôͲǵˡ
ԬǸ̯λһ˸ɫŰο£ǽˣݣ˲Ȼˡ
üɫࡣ
ڴʱ¥´һϸ¥»æ
أأүء
һֱŸľŻӹԹԷ¸㣬¥ݿڿȥֻ¥ݿںܿͳһ룬΢ָߴĻˡ
ͷ󺹣½ȫʪˣһӣһ̧ϵľŻͻȻͨһڵϡ
ֻһƬַֺǵþ¥˲ĿŻһǵͨ졣
ԬȥѸʹ˵үȻƽʹҲػţϾ˶ӡ
лϡ٣ͣŮ빬ŻǰλݲߣھŻŴ
˳ģڣҰԹ˾ŻźĴŸտҲһ֪
տͷκνŲԬֱ͵Żǰ
үû°ɡտ´ǰ֮ˣֻңɫ򶨣ųһš
ŻҡҡͷΪ꣬ˡ
տŻ񣬶橳һ񣬸м˵лݷ˴֮
橰˷𣺡ʹˣǾŻ커
ֻǾŻСҪСġֶ˵һ䡣
տһ´ȣŴһ˿Թؿڽš
ūǶ۾գģⲻҪ𣬴ӻʼڶ磬ǰվүúã˱ÿɳһա
Žдʦȥģ˭֪ǰŸհ̧ȥžͲ֪һȺգֱӰǳɢˡ
橵ͷ
ָٰá졢ĴԺ뿪㣬¶дʦ壬ٰˣܸصͣУȺӷӵ
ձ˵µʦԽڽգ⼸յֵٰúܡ
ҲࡣԬ£˸ˮҴš
ۣ㲻˰ʱһֱĬСʵ
ŻӺ˺˵ţҲ֪ôãֻ˳ߵģˮˡ
ʲôˮˣôˮˣտʧɫ
ŻΪŭ߳һǲСģ죬Է
տֻóüصͷʳ֪ζҧŸ㡣
ǻḡˮ𣿡ͷš
Żҡͷ
ԺˮԶһ㣬Ҳḡˮ궼ˮߵġСģذοš
֪ˡŻӱһСѵˣΪͷƵغһڲˮ
Цҡҡͷ
ŻƢǲظ·ϣ橸ԬЦ˵
Ԭ򽻵԰ٹլָ֮ƣǹ֮Ҳ䣬״С˵š
Ƣã껹ʱԸŻӣ˹ҲһֱܾӽʹŻҲٶ¶档
Ҳǵ֮ˡ
橰š
û´ĻճӦþǰĴ۵˵Ĳġ
ԬĻк档
ʲôۣ
߾ʿܲݡ
һ
ټΪҪ
Ԭ̾΢΢ս߷˵һλ®ݰŽɾ˽;ݣϱ
ڣ
ŽΪɣնɱŸٰļҾҹԾˡ
ʲô
橴󾪡
Ԭҡҡͷ
ټûзӦ橻ɨܣŽšüš
Ԭѹݺ˵޿֡
橲׿һۣδ֮⣬̾һ
֮£˲عעԬţ˵ǱѾùϵˣпǿȥֻ̽ӱϾڻʹ鲻̫ð죬ȴƬ̡
橵ͷ
أʵ
橴ӲӵټվȻôһʣԬʱһϲɺܿйͷɥ˵ԺѾղظˣŽĿȱһֱܲûǻزˡ
üԭһȥ¡
ڵŷüԶⴺ͵ģ͹ȥˣӵһ⼸Ҳ֪ԷûСһæͲԷһô졣
Ԭ˵ţ۾˺ü۷ˡ
ڵĸ㶼һ򲻺⡣
᲻֪ͼѾͨ˵ĹϵӶ̫Ӳˡ
Ժеһûţһ⡣
Ԭ۾һ
ܳǽĻͷš
ȻԡཱུС
Ҳһɡǣ½ǣ˵ţصرԹţϴǽⱻ͵ˡ
Ľһæס죬תƻ˵꣬һ㿴òá
걻תעͷ֣ɱݸ·
ԬҲûԼӻɹ飬ӣţӺܰʳһʱûƹ
Цŵͷ
Ƹϲ緹ˣʳͽȥ𣿡š
ԬСװͷ
ϼĺأƬƬϼɢʣһҹɫ𽥰
ɫеӡ
ɡӣ߾űҪݣֱǧʯݡ
ɲ֪ͬ˵ˡǲܲǿ˵š
̧һ˫ڴϼ£âǰ֮ϱν̣˺ëֱսս
ҷֹ֧ǲͬټĵ䣬糯ӡ˵ţƫƫâڱȻ߶ߡ
ͨһڵϣײ
ȥ
ջߣ˵
ӣˡߺ󣬶˵š
ԣȥſһӣüͷԽˡ
֧ԸţȴͻȻ̧ࡣ
ʳУȫ˼գЦüۣ˸һͰ⣬Ԭղͽģһȵء
һ㶣ͷȥǰʳС
ӲȳԷڰǰָʳиϣǲԣ˻ΪӲϲء
̧
ҿûϵ֣ҿһֱڹڣƤأûʲô顣
ȳԷɡջߣȥһߡ
ϡʳУ˵š
ʲôҧһǽ⣬ʵ
ȥҿĴӣմȥ档
šʳԣͣ¿ӡ
ˣྪš
ӣ˹ز˲֣ˣԿ𣿡
ҡͷһʱ䡣
ţǻظŰ̾µĸ㣬ϵɫͻȻ
ʧɫ
ҪظԥţټҽûϢ
ЦһһࣺЩöûϣ²ģˣͰ㳳ˣҵʱʲô
ӡ
ʵ˵Լӵɱɾضˡ
ڹټҡĬƬ̣Ҫ£һͳϢģ
һɫ״ü˳۵ţڻظ
š
ͥԺʰȥµĶ
»УͷȥСסա
겻ȥ𣿡
Ҳȥ
Ϊʲôȥ
һҲ¡
Ҫȥðġ
걧ŽΧתС𣬴۾ˮģίˡ
ȥհ͵縮Ժͳһ档橰οš
һȥ겻ʶĵط˵ţ꺦¡
ȥܿͻģ͸ǰС𣿡橰˱ʯϣ潲
ǸǹҲҪôߡ
ʧЦ˵ţ㻹ûǰǹ/ǹ/ͷء
ҿ޽Ǳ߶ɫС/ǹġ겻˵ţõö
㾹ȻõöΪȡ
ĽԺеСǹз
ġ겻˵š
ĽԺеǹŰ˽öſڴһϤĶʮҵ

橾̧ͷֻϺɫվԺſڣſ֦Ѿ̵أϦӳ죬µãüīתζ顣
ϦһĨѪâϣһ͵Ĺ⡣
ӡΪȡ
塣˳ʯʻ˵ϣؽš
Թȥ縮Һһȥ¡˱ҹԹԵģպҴȥòá
۾һͷð
ôˡʵ˵Ҳظ𣿡
ûˣԼ顣ö걧ߣ̤ԺУ˵š
Ҫȥ¡תƻʵ
ţ̫ˣеȥˡ橽š
ʯϵİ״Ʋ˵ȥɡ
Ԭ˵æǲˡ
æˡҧ󼸸֣顣
ԣһ򴽲˼Цţ̫ˣʵһȥлš
ֻǿЦЦż¶Ĳ̬б紺ˮһ
ռʱʡ
Ԭæӣʱ֮ǰͺˡЦЦ
һ䣿ͻȻʵ
һ㶡
֪ΪΣЦһü䣬ζ
Ԭȥ
橺һŲϹΪΣһʱͨ죬Ŷ䶼ϦºƺڵѪ
𶯡
ͻȻ
橽ԭ
ֻǰͷطȥͷһ
һָһһƺޱߴ⣬ڴһ΢ľֻͦö飬أֽ
ֻ㶵ؿǶһͻȻӿһ¡
⻨á˵ţת޼䣬˵軨׷𡣡
˫ֵľ룬ֻ΢΢֣ܸܵ˫ϵů⡣
һ֦֦ǧ䣬ůһɫȿ
 
ˣڰУóƲϢ岻ŵԼĴûסһ򵭶ɫ
ţ֮նˡš
Ժôô죿̯ӲˡΪ޵š
šƬ̣ӲͷƤ˵Ƕ˵һ֪ͬĻ
ʲô
֪ͬ˵ԼѰ·ӣҪԺӰ࣬Ժλ֪ͬסġ
ɫһ
ôûûȫѿסԺɲڵҡ
ü˳۵ز˵
ȥˣš
ظˡ˵ţ󲹳һ䣬˵ݷԼȥ³իա
ߡ˵ˣʲôףһֲʵпʲôϢ
Խˣ˵ޡ
ҧ
Ҷ˵ûȥˣҵľˣ˵ĻôҲ
Ǹ侲ţΪְɾ
߷˵ţȥѽյ油Ӷ
ǡ
ںܿ찲ǲҹֵ´õ飬λһͬҹֵ֪ͬҲ»¡
ŽչټѪˡһһϾʱС˵š
бһۡ
˱˫ŵһ£æͷ¡
ڶ߸ոջصţֻһСǽǴҴҶ
ټҽҹЪϢ
ſڣСŹɫĲںڰкҹɫΪһ壬ĵģʱҹЩˡ
š
嶢е֣һŷеӣԺڷһ죬ҿڼžĴŸ˺ѷΡ
һϵҲ
Ȼ£֪ͬȥϢҲ˹Ȱš
շ⣬ɫ΢ףˣŽѡϾҪˣκ±ˡ
ݺ®һ֮
ֻʱļ·
ɫ䡣
еӽһˣ仹ȴᶨ
ˣ


67 Ժ
ڼҲԻ⿪һ, 橺ɽʱŷֽɽ, ̯˲١
ôô֣ƿʵ
˵һĺѪӼ, ɽ±, ЩֵġڳԯϵĶЦ˵š
ţȻ׵ˡ
Ӧá졢ĴԺֲǣôѡ¡
ǻʼҲ⿪, ܹ鲻ĸ֡
֪Ц˵, Ӽ, طͱռˣϺôŻʼҶ֣Ƽ, Ҳ׬衣
Ҫ𣿡ڣĿһֱ, Ŀת, Цš
, Ȱ°ɡط³˵š
ݿЦü
֪˭𣿡ʵ
橲ؿҡҡͷ
˯ǰ˵Ըˣ۾ȴŲ
΢΢һ, Ҳ֪ðһ߳ŭ֮ɫһۣŤͷȥ, ȥ
࣬ͣ
థһͣôӣ
ҲԶˣ·ȥ˵ҿﲻҲûˣһȥ䡣
Ťͷȥ
ûЩȥҲˡؼպš
գգۣ΢΢ЩĶ
ټҳһʮ嶼ùŮȥ̽ˣճһôȥһŮӭϣǲá׳һɱﵡ
΢΢۾֪ص˵ͷ
ֱȥµˣվڵ·룬ĴϣŲٰȷʵַǳȫԪĴա
˳ǰոտļҴ౦ʯɺҪȥ𣿡
橲״һᦣſϰϣʵף½ºö˰ʲôʱ顣
Ϊɡ˵⼸ɣ⼸߾󶼰ȣԽԽˣвԶġ
ɽµֽµıȽɽţ̶ȽϹؾ£·Ĺˡ
ͣͣһ·й䣬橸С˲ŹֵСߣ֡
㲻𣿡ðȺš
ĿЩװ޾µĵһɨҡҡͷˣҲȱЩ£鱦ȡ֮֡
ԣȣ֪Ŵڽжĳƺ𣿡
橱Ҫ𾪣ţʲô˼
Ŵǰټҽ˫޵ţȻҽʤһΪӵ⣬Ƕ¡Σ϶ǳ꣬ˣЩ˶ؽҲкܶΪ㾡ҲƣֻΪĶ
橵һ˵ŴĹ£𾪵ؿƺҪ֤Щʵԡ
УŴֻһҽڵƢǳõСͷȻЩ룬аˡ
üⲻ𣺡˼ɱˡ
ҡͷǮ£Ǯ壬ڽ
ɫأӹеߣЦ˵ţȥɣʱˡ
Ǻˡ橸࣬ԥƬ̺˵Һܺá
š̤µ̨ףҲҪֻŴϾһˣźԵʲ̤볯ãΪԸǷǶ࣬ǡΪͬ
Ϊҽ
½ˣɳòģֱΪĶȴҲԿġ
ŴΪ̫ԸǵĲ²⣬ȥ֣»¡
ԣ򴽡
һȥȰġ
ͣԭͷעǰʹˣֻܿŨܵĽë΢΢š
ˡ
̾һ֣ķ
ֻܵ˺Ŷ˵һ䣬ŴദڣҲвһջ񡣡
ջ֣ü۵ʹǰ֮ˣ΢һ˿ĽӲ
ļƻΪγôƫҲĳһڼ飬Ҳƻˣһһһڲ˺֮Ҳȥ֣Ŵϡ
˵ţЩһ˿ڣҲһʼѣ֮ĻȴҲ˳
̹飬ӶԣȷʵЩѡ
̧ͷɵؿƺΪҪ˵ЩƸĻмƻܣޱ߳Щֲ
ⲻһķ
ң֪һ
ͫ΢΢⣬ͫҫۡ
״򴽣ת˵߰ɡ
ռؼľ¡
橺˾㣬־Ǯųźȥ
᷿ͱˣֻһڵ᷿ΪΣŮʩڶβ˵Ҫһ᷿ʱʱѾûˡСɳ˫ֺʮͷ˼ؽš
һ㶣վԭҳȥϵıʱΪ
ˡĶƺһɾҪΪٵһյơ
վڲԶĴɫ÷ǰعĺ֮Ƿɣ̬ʣ֪ĻΪļҷСɾ̤ࡣ
Ϊͷ۵ػصȻԼȥƾͺˣ鷳ˡ
Це˵ţλÿɲǰأЩҸȾͺˣ˻Ǻɾǻ𣬲ȥ¡
ֻõͷǾ鷳ˡ
ĻЦú
ȶȥСɳ۾һλԭǷް
߻һ᷿ȥֻλЩԶ˼Ժء
ԣٿһ㶣ҡͷ
Ǿ͸ǻɡ󣬴䵭橵Ļ
ŤͷȥȴԼգգۡ
֣롣
Сɳû˵һʯͷ£ǰ˸߲ҵ·
ǰһ῿橣˵˼Ժ
˼Ժеһط
ٰиŮӷ£ҲеһطЩСס˼±ȥˣЩһסһӣ˿Ҷĳ谮
ҲвһԸŮӣУȥҲЩŮҪࡣ
˴ݵˣԼΪϸ񣬾ԺɮҲ⿿
һֱΪӣֱҪΪУ˼Ժ
ԺӱһΪһ붼˵ĵط˲ֹŮźÿ³һʮ嶼йŮټ̽˼Ժⶼǽ
վڸǽ֮⣬ԶԶػѲߵĽü
ţֻǲ֪ΪιټһֱץĸŮšͬ⡣
ôȥ뱣Ҳ̫ܡ
Ȼȥ̽һ̽ˣϢʧ˼Ժ
ղͷ˭ӵԲϣСʵźϳú񡣡
ﬡصͷûϴֵܣǹټĸƹʮʳ˾
˵֪ϵ𣿡ԥš
һĸͬǺ˫ֻ֪֪֧Ƿԡ
˶һۣ׶Էе뷨
ҶԹټһֱĹȼݹΣһβûˣŵ춨ڵĵλȥ̽һ¡˵ţ֮ǰҲҰɥ¡
ȶֵ˴ڳۣò֪
ûӦҪǶĮģҪ䴦Ҫǲ֪ϵʵݡ
ԺſһƻĶɫͻȻһ˵š
һš
һӸղſ
ɫҡҡͷ
书˵µһҲָ˾ȻϢһֽɼ书
δʱ̣š橵ϵ֣˵ţǸǱ˼Ժ𣿡
üĽ壬һ֪ϸĸֲ֪Լߣ
֣ϵ֡橶˵ţֻǱʷΪӲ
ﬡ
Ҳ̫ˣǰŻˣ˾͸ˡ
ȥ˵ţթҲϸ
Ťͷȥɳ©Ͼδʱˡ
ȥС˵ţﬣڴţضѾָƣȥȥҪģ
Ҳ̫Σˡ෴ţµĻʳ˾Ǿ񣬷˲书ȫˡ
Ҳ书ﲻǸΣ𣿡οЦţһоܰҴˡ
˸ԳĬš
˵û߻תҲţͷ˵ţȥ·
ŶԺſڣŶ˵ȥſҿʮһӣϮӦǾеʽһһཻ࣬յ衣
ͷ
ӴŷСġǰ˵š
֪ˣ⣬һֱӷźŵصġ
ߺûã橾ͻһɫ°ǳ㣬߼Ϊ㡣
һο·һʱ̲ס࿴һۡ
ôôҰɫڳǰͻȻһ䡣
һ㶣ӣʱ飺ҿﶼô˵
̲סЦһ
ò촩ۡЦ˵ţ㿴Ҷûҹ¡
һ°ɫĳȻģ򵥷㣬ܿʵأ䲻񣬵߼΢̬ţһٵģ
֪һЦɫ΢죬˼˵ţû·
ˡЦ˵ţ˵ʲôÿ
ָ΢ȴɺ
ϢŵλãŵƽֻһŰ֦ҶïԺӾҲжξ롣
ౡͷϣһС
̧ͷֻߴ֡
µ˼Ƭ̣׽֮𽥱ƽ˵
§橵ֱӷĸߣ֦§û֡
ûãѲߵĻʳ˾ͻŲȣ۴⣬һǺ֡
ڴ˿̣ǱͻȻ֮
վڸߴԶֻǱðŨ̡
ˮˡ˵š
кˣȥȻ𣡡һͷľͰ˹
ﲻȱˡͷСӳûƲ
ʿ߷˵ţ滹أǺ˴/˸֣ǲˣͳ춼ȥˡ
СƬ̣ǸСӳŵͷߣȥš
橺һۡ
δʱԭ˼
߲ߡ죬ʵ
ߡͷҲ̧˵ţء
ϢǱ˼Ժ˼Ժ滹ҪϿһˣ岽һڡ
üĽ壬ȫû뵽ܵزֻôǱڸߴ
橱˴ߴŵµΣͻȻ˵֪ôߡ
ͷ
鷿طĵͼҲôˣСԺʵǽŵõġ
Ų˼£Դסλÿȥ㿴ʵǲվˣǸλöǿģǼɽۡ
ŽߵԴ÷޿ײ롣
ôˣֱۣ߰һģСʱԹüεģڵ˻ᶯʵӡ
˼ŵһȥɽ𣿡
š
ӯϢڼɽ棬ɽ˲òһ
վڼɽŽż⣬˺һСԹţøߵļɽ
ұ˵
ˣȥɽԵǸʲôʱ򿿽ǣǾߣǸȹź󡣡
ǲǿˡǷš
ģǿʱʵߵؽڼɽϣտұ߼ɽǾߡſϣСţȥߵû
̧ͷĶͻȻ΢ʧڼɽ
ǸźλøС˱һ𣬴ѵûһܸе֮˵¶ȡ
ͷ
һءš
ָָ쾮ǱߵλãһԸɵĹľ
Ҫᡣһţ촽΢Сš
һһλã橶ϣС˵ŵô죿
֦ҶȴĪïܣ˻Ϊѣ橲òУһ˫䲻ܿƵغ
㲻ѧ𣿡ͷʵ˵ǻ΢΢򶨡
ӣ˶ͣҵʱûʿ
˳Ĭ˺һ̲סԴ
ﲼʵˣ֪ΪβáͥԺоɡ
ڴ˿̣յĴͻȻ򿪣Ҽҷ˳þˣҪ鷳λæЩˮˣϹأһͰˮһͰˮ
ſʿָʹˡ
ȥ𣿡û뵽˯˾ͷһš
šϣֱӳִѾߣŴֱ᷿˳ֻѾ
᷿谵Ũصζ
һ㶣ǰˡ
ݣһλǰ

ʮ֧ǻ谵᷿ΨһĹӰӰеһж˿ɭֲ֮ζ
ôˣ׺ӡǵš
ҡ
ɳſ˵
һ󻺻Ťͷ¶һݼǵĿϣصĿᷳ
վǰסߡ
ûƭҡ˼״ЦһȻˡ
ƿվǰĿⲻʹࡣ
겻ƺֻʣһѹͷ̨ϵֻʣһ΢ҡҷ
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˵ʲô橼š
ֻҪӦȳ正Ҿ㽻ܡҡڣܿ橵Ĳһ˵Ϊ仰ꡣ
ҿԴӦͳ正Ҳǿ˵ƾ𣿡˵š
˿ҲһֻۣеĻƣ벻ţߣֻǷ÷ǰԾƣҲߡ
ĿԶ÷橸һͼֽҪذ沼ã˵ͼֽ֮գͻҺŮȻⱲ
橴󾪣ֲԺӲ֮ǰѧͼֽһģһ
һ꣬ǰոɣԭ㡣ʧضһ
ʱҹΪҪţǲţҺ歶ǲǾͲˡ


68 
׺ôˣ˿ŵڵ֪Ѿ, üʵ
ֻιȥˡš
ջߣ˵ʿһ֮ͻѰ׺ӽ, ֪Ӧġ
橺һۡ
վڼǰ, ۿǵķӦ, Ť˵
ǽѾ˷˰ʱ䡣
ѰɡԥƬ̵˵š
׺Ժ䣬һۿһİףŵþһš
˼״, ǳ
ˡ׺ӻ̧̿ͷ, ſһվŵ橡
ӡ
ԭ, Ȼʶ橡
š˵˵ţԹԵȥݡ
ԥһᣬͷ, Ÿڡ
ӣ׺ʵ
˵ʱ, üĿ絶档
ҲһѾ, Ҽҹﻹڹ, 㣬ӲвңȻ֪ô׺ǿſ־壬侲˵š
ȻصľҪˮˣӦûرܡ
Ⱦϻҳȹҵͷ, ûãȻгصĽŲ߽
˼Ƭ̺ȥ˸Ϊεҡ
׺ʰ׵ּ˱ܿ, һؿš
λˣˮ̧ڰɣʣµ׺ӵŲĻɸơ
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Ƿűѹ߽꣬룬
ΪʲôѶ㡣橽ӹŷ⣬š
ֲɻ
ʱԺǴӲģ԰ʹøԺ˵ԺǴ˻ϳԺֱ˹ˣ÷橱ҺӲԺӡ
λ֮䣬Ĵָ
бһЦһҲҲա
Ǽϣڲ䣬˭໥ͷš
վſڵڳĬ俪˵ŵʱټҵһң˹Ůٺͽҡ
Цһ˵ûʱټҵĽѾΧס÷ߵֱڸ
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Ԥϵ˺һУʩֶΣʱЩˣڹǰһҹҲĹͻٰǰһҹҵķš
ͷȧǸʣڳĬĹӰݵӰ
ʱЩԲĸ̬ɵȴǱ˳ȫɭ䣬·­
Ƿţطţȴٳûд򿪡
˸ס
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˵֮Ӳùǳĺ飬ټҲŹǣҺ歴԰ǡ
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÷òǴ˿̴ذ·ŷ죬ڻ谵þˡ
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橷ؿ
Ӧϵ֪Ϊ˵һˣҲǲ¶һ˿֮⣬ȴҲûٶ˵ʲô
һǧˣػܼԼظ֮ܣǸ󷨣ȷʵص
˳һ
ǵģ˵öԣ÷橹Ȼ
ﻹ˵ʲô𣿡һֱĬ橵ʵ
˲ӣü˳ۣ˵ţֻ͸ţ֮飬ȥ֡
Ҳ֪ΪͻȻЩȻʧ
ﵽҲһ仰
ҵҪ󣬾Ǿȳ正ȥһȫĵط˱ۣ䵭˵ţƭңұҲŹǡ
ٹϾҪޣлطһˣѾʷ࣬ʱڽѿǡ򵥽š
˵ͷϽҲ΢΢
ӼסյĻ䵭ͣҲˡ
˽ջδãſڳһȵѯ
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Ҳ֪˲˵ʲôܾ
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ȥǳţĻ
Ǹˡһ֮İ׺ӵ˵š
橺һۡ
˹˵л˴塣
˲һ٣΢΢һ飬
λ磬鷳̧ȥɡſڰ׺ϸϸš
һ󶯾밲С
橳š
ǰͻȻһۡ
ɺ˵ײһ
˹ľ輸ϣڻ谵һֱƽƣ
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ǲûĸң˲ϣŵʿĿ϶ʱͻȻʵ
ĸңƽͷҲŮܵĥ
ͷ֮ˣһ
ԭԬ磬Ԭƽԭ˾ԭȻи磬Ӷ˶ڵڶαʱҲʮꡣ˵˵Ϊʱ˧ͻΧǰϺ󡣡
̫ƽ硣橱չ̵ۣ
š
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Լһ˿ɡԼԺӺͽڣԼվſڵ˵š
վڿյڣãȻؿ
᷿ǴŽĮĿտһŴһӣơ
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š
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µȺУ˻ЦգΨɫĬ
ֱߵſڣ橿ɽſھʮŽ̨ףͻȻͣ棬ƳĬ
ƻĿΪͳһϱոʧأ⸴ࡣֻʧȥʮʱ䣬ƻ˱Լ˸ϣ㲻㣬ƻķչƫȥˡ
˵ѳˣ˾ΪնƻҵĹϵ
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Ǿȥ֡˵ţ÷Ҳ¶ˣһһ
橵ͷĬš
վĴӰ£ɴյķ޽ǣǽϲãŵЦɳĬ֮仺
ΪþȫԼԺΪԼš
˵ҵĵһ
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橶÷˶һ˵Ĵڡ
ںں󱻻һָɽȻͬ
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˵ϲ𣿡橴ʵ
ɽѩƼ¡οš
Ļڱ橵ָƤְס橲֡
߰ɣֻе֪࣬ǵװ㡣
ԭ橵յ֣ϵضбɽ۵ʮָ
Ϊȴڴ˿̸ѵõ򶨸С
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̨׶ͣұȥɡʹ˵š
Լʶܾš
ܾҡ˽յַڴߣ䲻һǣɺ㹻̡
һĴǳңɿ
橺һϣָ΢΢һѳ֣ȴ˽ġ
ģȥ
Ȼǰ˽ȴһֱɿ
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ü۵ʹŰˣͻȻ뵽
Ǿ鷳ˡ°ɴñܣſϡ
һɿ֣˱ڱϣ˫ŴȣŲᶨسɽȥ
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ɽһʮ䣬ɽҰ󣬾Ϊֲɽ髸
ٰɽ髴󶼲µıΧڣҶµӻ˵ڲͬɽ髡
ﳣ̼οлרŹǹҹϢĵطԵʱû˵ע⡣
վڴſڣſһʯؿšɽҰ塯֣ͯʯܴ֡
ɽ髺ãɽиɽ髣ɽ髴ɽСûɽ髡׽Բأߴߴغš
÷пᵽҵռСĴ䣬üʵ
ҡҡͷ
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ɽ髣ͮͮһ֣ʮա
ʶȥȺС
ôˣ
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СӲġ
һգʮա橵ʵ֮ǰ˵ʲôûɽ髣廻ġ
һ㶡
СȺС
СͣվһţΪ׵Скһ¶£СŶ˶ȣܡ
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ͳǣЦӯӯ˵š
СԥһᣬһʮŮĴԥԥȥ
ǵ
šǵһġ橸һǡ
СŮæġ
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Ժ

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Сߴߴ˵š
˼˵Сһǡ
ǰأʡ
μСʱʲô
˺ܺõġ
ô
ΪʲôʼСŮţֻǵĽǮ˺ܺõģʹˣ岻á
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СŮգգ۲˵
ѣǲģԼһˣ˵ǡ橳Ĭһ֪ˡ
橽ī񣬵ݵСŮС
СŮ壬ͷżС˸ɫԼͷҲصسŴȥ
һֱĬָ΢΢һ
ſڵĴ֦Ҷ΢΢һΣֹܿڰ
ͷһɡǰһ˵š
һǰԭΧ橵С˲һӵһ𣬲ؿ
һЦҲ̫Сˡ
ЦЦ
һ֮ǰһͿޣÿȥһˣжʳкɫ
橲ףȵؿ
ǵһҲ޵Сˡ
΢΢һЦ֮ɫ˲
˭ЦеģСʱҾǺ«ƭˡ
Ц˵ţ˫峺ס
ɷµصͷȷʵһֱ߶
橸˸ͷ
ǡһŲСʯͷվں棬СģС˵
̫Сˣ֮ǰһֱûǰ档
ţšŸͷǣݵУԡ
С۾һͷ
ңҲҪ
ҲҪ
ԭһСӿ˹ܿͰеһա
ǹóš
橵ͷգգۣʮָͷ֣
ǸǹޱԬˣȥõʱ򣬷־Ȼ߰ǡ̾˵ܳˣǿɲιˣСˡ
ţ´㶬Ԭ䡣ͷӦ¡
ģԭĸҲ֪ʧ̬ȴ˭Ҳûвģ΢ǡ
ǸССŮſʯͷϣʱʱͷǣһǳԵĿˮֱֻͳӣǵĿˮ
ǹȥԶСŮվڲԶľʯϻ֣˵š
һ㶣æǰ
һεطȥ
һ·İͷ
Ŷһۡ
߰ɡΪϰɴñӡ
һ԰СŮ뿪մ˪ָС˵ţġ
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΢֣ѩ̣żſⲽʱʱŶĺ
ˣСŮ˹š
ŤͷȥֻһɴñŮǰ棬ӿ仪ʿ
ٿվĿǰŮϣֱ̨վ
ʿˮСš
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Ǵǰ˵ģһͷ͸еĻһģһ롣
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ֲˣüš
̾һ˿Σʹˡ
ˣҲʮˡ
Щ㱵վڽյķſڣҩζԽŨ
ˡ˵š
ڴһ
ӡ
ɬƿš
һ׷ԲԵˣ۽ǵС̱ڸţֻԼһۼţ۳⿴ţ̬Խϡ
֡ʵغš
ûƭңҲζҪӻţҾ֪ãֻܿſڵǵ΢ĹߣϤ֣ڿлţ죬ֿ
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ڣִߵԲϣС˵Żڣ˵ġ
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æ˵š
⻰˽ֻ˵һңŴҲ˵ִ˿˵ţ᲻á
˵˵ݼҲỵЩһֱŷ˵ÿһ仰
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ָ΢һ
ɫ֣࣬عӦ£С
ЩһֱֻӣҾǶҪߵϢգҹУ˵ҪҸš
ֿһҲ֪˭֪ŵطŵĸ͸Ӧ츮ģ׽ŵǷɵݵģƽŵݡ
橺һۣ𾪡
˵˭˭ͲǼϸ˵š
Ҳ֪˵Ӧ츮Ҵɾźĵֻٰ³һӦ츮ٰӱռɡ
Բ
ֲáҵ˿졣
أһţš


69 С
ˣ˺һ, һ˵, Ҳʶطʲô
һ㶡
, ֵֻһլ, ÷ֻϢͨ߸֪ˡ
ԴӶеõ֮ɫ
ȶ˵š
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Ÿ뻹ڣŤͷ֡
ҡҡͷɳȥҲûзɻˡ
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ҡҡͷûУҲʶ֣ҵʱǿŷдݣ䲻ʶȴѱʻУŷѶ, д󱯣϶ġԼŵıʻ
ЩǶߣΨֺ, ԭҪջ٣ɺ᲻ãһֱš
۾һģ
ǻİУͷһ¡
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˺һƿߣƿ񣬺İзһӣֽ
½ǵźǵӦ츮ģɫݵģɫݡ˱Щۣ˵ţԭΪһ֣д˳ŷ֣ȫһ
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Ҳ֪ûаﵽʧ˵ 
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СͻȻ˵š
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橵֣΢΢˵ţãܿӡ
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߶߶ǰԲţֻץݵ֣ͼסһ¶

С橶
ۿһ橣ַǻһȻ̾ģ橻б˯ȥ
֡Ƥһʧغš
˯ˡæţʹ˾ǰ˯Ϣɡ
ǰַŻصϣְ˷
߰ɡ
橵ͷǰ̲סŤͷٿһ۴ϵˣ΢һյͷѬ㡣
µģˣǾͰӹչˡ
οš
ջߣһ
Ҳ֪ת˼Ȧ˳ͷ󺹵
˯𣿡ڿ˼ۡ
Щлչˡ橶л
͵һ±֣ܿ˵ʹʹãо֮չӦõġ
˵֮ǰҲҹ㡣
š
ԴС˵ǰҶʶǼˣЩаһЩɽϵɽ⡣
ûͬ⣬Ȼϰ䵫Щθߴ󣬵Ųӯе֮ˣҾͽʰǴˡ
𣿡
ǵûСԴƽסڲԺӲţжΪٴţЩ˹Ҳ֪Ҽ⣬ܿˡ
Һˣһһ߹ȥȷʵ˲ɽ⡣ǲ˼˵š
ţһһ뿪˵֣һϷ䣬Ϣǰ
šӹ˻е壬񣬽Ҫϵϵģܸ뿪
üԸһҪ𡣡
뿪һӣʱˣһ˰Ǵš
ɸѾˣرüЩܵ˵š
һɸչֵġȴǿӲ˵ţѾȫˡ
䲻֪Щ飬֪ģЩһֱ鲻ãǳɼѸߣһֱȴ
Ҫ˶ˣҲúúùԼˡ
ðɡǷе壬Ӧ¡
⣬Ѿãżʵɽ髡
ɣصġǰţĴֻȷڳˣӲҪ
⻰Ƕ˵ţգգۣҪ˰æ顣
ռڵɽ髣ü
ͦõģܰǺ«⼸пհЩʳ˰ɡʱЦӯӯ˵š
ߵĻֻȥһ
ĶһЦ˦˦ӣδ
ڵɽ髲õļڣ·ˮ컯ãɽһɽҲǸ
Ŵɫɽ髣ϸϸζһɨеĳ֮
治ɽ髸𣬻ɽ࣬Ǻ«ɽӦÿԷźܾãҲˣҲ
Ŀϣһ
˵λøòԶϾɽ髰Եֱռ˰˱ͬһࡣ
ϻϤ÷㣬ǳ㣬žҲø㣬Ŀ
ˣʲôҿŤͷš
óеֵֽļ治ʶֻдôࡣ
򴽣˵ţʵúܣκεŮӣĸͰˣ׵ܶ飬Һҡ
ɺˣҲõúܣЩֶǰ鷿ĵʱ򽻸ģ㿴ڶš
橻ֽϹͦ֡
˫ʱʱ⣬ϢƱƣڻͷȥȴòˡ
ǰһˣڣеһжԼϡ
ģͻȻʵֵĵΪ˶ӰˣԽ𡣡
Ȼܡ橵˵ţ˵Ǹܵܲúö飬ܶŹʮʱͺ˻ŹʧִˣؽҲ֪ôˡ
ֶðִֺã¼ϣܶʶ֣ӿ϶ڹûáЩʧ˵ţ˵ǰŮѧҲŮٵģǱߣ϶ںá
Ͳ㡣˵ţ㲻
չüһЦӦҿģȻҸ㣬ҿĻˡ
ΪʲôҪ£ҪסһߣΪʲôҪΪЩĪĶסǰ֪÷˵ʱ򣬿һμǣ˾˵÷ж游ĺ·ϧһŮˡ
üȣ˵£ǴЦ
˵˵θأɽȴ֪һ·ͷǵŵģ̧ͷǿգηɽ֪˼ֻ֪Ļָֻš
񻹼ǵõ˵⻰ʱ顣
һֻпϣü۵ʹǼЦɵʱȴʵվڸߴվ˵ǿ֮£ɽۣ֮ޱظˡ
Ѹ߰;
Եһǵصסϻȴ߸ָϻϧˣǺϻվţ˭ֿɻδ֪
Ц˵ţԺӵıһͨһġҲǣҲһʱ𣬿ȴһһֶС
۲΢󻺻ͷ
ôö˶˵Щֽţš
ĬƬ̣Ц˵ţǿϧ÷˵һʵֵġ
橵ͷעֽţӦ£˭֪ء
ףӦ츮Ǽ򵥡½ǵźֽţ仰һǲǡٰ橡
ŲֶȱٺģԼɲʻٰ͡橡֣дĸ
ӹǷŵͷ
û´Ӧǡټ죬ƻǰٰ橡⼸֣򵥲²ţ÷˸˵Ŷһ˵֪ڴеãдҲΪ̽ȻҲ˶졣
ƻͷλ÷˵ƻǰǼϸȻ÷˵Ļٰ㡣
橵ͷǵʱôٰˣǽţͳġ
šͷ
½ǵŰ׵ǷţǼݵġ
١Σӣ֣͡ٻ¡
࣬ҲṩϢģٰͬҡ˼
ź֣Ǯ٣üĿ٣巽غϣ̴¡Ϊʲô֮ǰǱдķغϣȴ巽
ŻɫǷţü˵š
û㡣
橶źţͻȻָȻţݣݣǮ
ȶΪ˱ݣ˵ݵĿǲΪΪ˶ڻǮ
ɫһ˵ţݴ߾˽սĵطݿźˣϱѿ϶·óס
̧˵ţǱݣսǮս޷ǾҪЩ
ƻΪ˽ϱͳһɺΪƶƻʵʩأϾټҡ
ţʲôģҺﲻǺΪ˱һδδ壬أֻһƵ𣿡
˹еţü۵ʹĬ
ǲҵʲôûҽͻȻ̽Դʵ
ȻҲǼϸǵ鲻żҪҳݺݵ˱ʡף΢΢һЦüĿͣΡ
һ㶣ʶ˼·Ҳŵͷ˵öԣɽն³һˣҼ㻹ûǿкϵ
ҡͷ
ûٰʧ˵š
üҲˣǱܿǡ
⣬ͻȻһ
Ԭôˡྪȵſ
мѰӡԬࡣ
˵š
Ԭһƿӣǿɽ髣ʶ˵ٰˡ
ɫһϲ
Ը棬ֻԸ
Ԭü塣
ɫʧ䡣
ţδ⣬侲ʵ
ԬɫŹ֣С˵ϦС
ţ
ʲô
橺ͬš
˲֪ɺϻĿ˳ϦСٰСеĵλֻԸš
¶Ź֮ɫ
ףϦСȷʵһɫ˵ҲκѡҲ֡˼Ƭ̺ͷ˵š
ԬԣɹŹֵسһˡ
ôˣ橼״š
ԬԴֻõͷ˵
εڶ𣺡ϦСҰġ
ڴ˿ѹһʯͷһһĲûȡ
ţɴ۾
ͻȻͣ
ģ橲ŵ˵ţͻȻ£ϻ̣ǰҿ䳯ϦС
ݸֳⷢϦСȴһֱ򲻵ֻ˶࣬ʱһֱΪĮȻοϦС
ʱʾ֭ؿ˺óһλֻζ
ֻǱˣЦ˵
ƤҧгݵذţҪ
š˷ȣŶ࣬ôͣˣ
˺ʹ˴ˣ·סˡ˵š
ƵߡԸš
š˺һᣬ׼С·뿪ܿǷǣһ
ȵȣȵȣͣ


70 
ͣ¶, ȥȻһϤˡ
Ŵ򡣡
ֻŴһǱŢ, ͷҲɢ˴, Ѫ, ѻģ
Ŷ֣˵ţһظһظ
壬ôˣƿ, ̽Դ, ֮, ʵ
û뵽ҲڳĽŲһ٣ֺڵüëü, Źʵô˵ȥ𣿡
Ѿ, ɡ橼ԭ, ˵, ô
Ŵüëʶһ£Ĳ鲻Ըţôô찡
ʲôû壬һ顣
ûʲôŴ߷߲ƽ˵ţȻȥ˵
橼ˣŷӡ
ƿ, ǿɽ髣󿴵һԬ, üʲô
Ԭ˳ȥ
橼Ŵɽ髱ϣݳӣʵȥôôǱ
ŴӣŤŤƬ̺ŵ˵Ǹ÷԰ѽ
̧ȥ
Ҳ֪˭ģʿһػ࣬·˺üΣûɺڨڨ˵ţ̾һطڵⶼѽ
橵ͷοţ÷԰ǸٹģȻţǡ
Ťͷȥüͷ壬һ㾪֮ɫԥʵ÷԰ȷʵǸٹİɡ
ɷµصͷȷʵ
һżŴοǾûˣʼҽġ
ҵġ
ƽȻ˵ĻǽյĲóһ
˵һĻֱ˽ȥ
ţһŤͷȥĿһ˿ŭ
ôƭˣ
ؽţ÷԰ټѾʹ͸ˣ֮͸ˡ
㡭
ôֲ˵
˵ġգգۣ˹طţԼˡ
㴳÷ʱ㣬Ҿ˵ټΪ˰˻÷԰ҵġԽ˵ԽԼ޹
һ㶣ϸƬ̣Լ𣬺ȴд£вһ顣
ĸ˰ָʵ
Ȼͷ
ȵȣ
ŴڽüëһǰˣϣŭĿӣǹģǲǣ
ȻǡţŴߵôæҺԬȥ㣬ȴѾˡ
ŴҧгݣֻԼﶼˣǨŭţͲҡ
Ҳ֪ȥ˰˹ؽţ̬ȺȻ˵÷԰ˣһֱûȵ㡣
ȥŴҲʼ顣
ˣûҵ֣Ҳ֪Ǻá̾ӣ˵š
ӣС˵Ҽˡ
ڲŴһüǿһ橣Ƕ˶µߵĻһţ㷢аˣȴ;ؿ
ҵ֣ûϵġ
ţϸĵظϵ࣬ᣬһӴ΢΢Ʈ˲䴵ɢǻŭ
ŴͷһŤͷȥ档
˵˵֪ʲôŲʵ
橿һۣ˹ذ鶼һ顣
ףĿȻݺϡŴ°֮ͣǰҲ²ġ
ΪΣʵ
ֱɣСӵֱһ׼úܡŴȶʧ̫ͻȻˡ
ˣ橾˵š
ǵģʵҵһ֪ȶѡģݵĺ¥ˡŴü꺫һӣ˵ʲôӡ
壿ü걻κֺ󿪳Ͷ屻ϤĲ
ӦǰɣҾż֪ģ̫ǸСһֻͷʱҲȥ䣬ͼС
СˣòױҾȻ֮󣬽һҪһֱݡ
Ϊβߣʡ
һͷʲôŴЦһСɲʲôˣֺᣬԼҪݣвģҲ֪ôͬˡ
ô¥ˡš
ŴĬһŻ˵СԼҪģ˵Ϊ˻֮ʲôԭҲ֪١
˵塣
ԾͰȶ⸱ӡ
ŴбһЦһȶеһܿƵĵطСӸһƥǣҾͻǽźΪ˸
ϵƥ˱һֱ⹫ҲȥţһֱѶݻҪÿ浽ǮׯȻǮ࣬ٻܽˣݾһֱЩǳ񡣡
廳š
ŴüͻȻһ橣սеɽ髣ҺͽһܺǴƻеһ֣ҲӰӼƻеһ֡
һ㶡
Ƚ佫սºһһΪ㡣
˾ŵڣûӳ˹룬ǵʱ峤ȥŸȥʣµļˣûȫû
Ҷ˲ЧҺģȽϣҿ϶һ㡣
ŴԥƬ̺˵ţı졣
䲻ûɵ꺫ľʱݽǸСӣұòס
ԭĹ¡ŴĻ˼

˭
ͻȻͣڳԯϵԬǳš
˼ߴˡ⴫һٻŤ
ŴƿӿһۣͻȻһ㶣󺰵ץס
ֱӿ죬еı˳ȥ߷ɱ٣Ѹײڶ֮ƣ죬̶Ϭ
Ԭгʣ纮Ʊ
ټǸԭһֱΨΨŵŵξ͵һ׼ϳһӣ˳ƱܿĹ
ҲԸվСڣһСֱʧǰ
ôˣʶ橾š
Ⱥ˵ǣȻö˶˸ʲô
ŴŭƿӣֱҲϴģǸ˾ǵ걧Сӳ껹͵ɱңסˣҪǺ棬Ͱ˶ˣ
ⲽ߷߲ƽŭţҾ֪СӾģ꺫ѾĻǣµʱ򣬻ȣΥԼڲ佻ܡ
ʧıӰɫأôֵġ
Ԭ˽ü˵
ͻȻǰΪУ䲻ȫ⿪ţǱ֣Ҳ˲ˣѲ˾һѾץʮµˣҸղΪǮģһھ;òԾ
˵֪ΪΣЩرˡڱԹţؽ̵ֵǺ˻忪ģǺʹֳ飬УѾºܾˡ
ǵǡҲüҼǵǰҲģˣһһˣҽһҲΪ档
ݳԬ򱧽Ŀ⾯ؿСڸš
ȷʵΪǿһϡ鱦꣬˵˿ģë̺ϡıʯ񣬾ö֮󲿷ٰҲˣ໥Ӧ
ߵˡͻȻ˵ȥһ¾ʲôʱ򿪵ҵꣿ
Ťͷȥ
㲻֪ߵó״С˵ţݵȶͽݱͬѾӴ󵽲ܺӣͻȻӿⲻ˶롣
ˣ֣»ǻʼӱ޵÷԰ʱ
ôɺϵ顣
ɫء
Ǽҵǰͳˣôȶʵֻٰһֱηηϳ棬ҲԸ뿪
Ҫȥֽӻ𣿡橵ţڼ飬һ취ҵ֡
óȻΪʲô˼ؿš
ǽǲġһֱĬŴڣȥ橣ղֻ̽ͷҡ
Ĭ
ϻһ㣬ŲԸսֱˡ˳ղŵĹŹ֮
Ϊʲôңü˵ţһٰҲˣѰҲеǻᣬαصҡ
Ϊ¡˼Ƭ̺󣬵˵ţ֪ϢһҪ࣬˵ֻҪ㴥Ѱ㡣
ڣôһ˵ȷʵСӻ飬ıߡŴЦһ֮ӣΪԼǲš
ô죿橷ֻϣȴøӼ֡
ȻǶôС໥ϢǾʹΪͻƿڡ䵭˵ţҲںڰУǲɺϣתΪǵҪʲô
ݼȻ¶ˣ𣿡ͻȻ˵ǲ⣬ҰȼķŵҰɡ
ͻɽŴҲųıߡ
һһֱ̧ȰţҲ֪ʱ˽ᣬ껹ôСҲĽסһ𡣡
ҲЩɵͷһʱЩ
ҪʲôҲ֪Ҳ̫ȫת˵ţݼҡ
˵̬ȼΪֱ⣬վ橵ĽǶȣѭѭգȰ
ݼڵĻǰһյһˣܣľңͻɽҲ֪ʱܻѵ𣿡


71 
Ϧ, ݼСԺڻƵչС
һҹδ˯ò׾ֻǰ, Ĳɵؿеߡ
Ũ, ʴϸ, ͷŽֵۣܹ
Ϲ೤ӣ, չʱ⿴һ, ľս
ֱʮѷŵ鼮, һڹߵĲӱţһֱġͼġ
ļΪϸ, űԵͼ޾ϸػ˳
ͼƫϷɭֲĻ񣬽ݽˮ, Ҳ㿿ء
ͼ, ʵؿʽϷ, صʷһһϸƺڽɫڡ
ߣҲ֮
Ҫһſԡ橰طţ˼⡣
߷, ϸ飬߱Ҳйв֣ȥǱϵϷһ㡣
ߺء
ߵ, ٸһ㡣⣬ļ
橷߳⿴ȥͿһѾ߸ԼĽ䵴ǧ
ǧﱻţдУżС۵ص׺࣬ǧÿ
ĽһǧϣЦֽУ˲СԺĳš
Ҫ˵橰ݼҵ飬˵ģȽ촩´ȣ߹Ļ԰ҵĽ壬һֱӿ޽ġ
һĽĿҵüûɣѵһ١
ζСǳԲǴûֿʼ
Сȹĺµ΢һЦ
Ҫˣ֣ĽҪǵдΡƴ󴰻һ䣬īϡ
֪ˣᶢŵġڱϵķգգۣ۾ؿ˵ţˣС߸˯𣿡
ָָһˮͭף֮ǰ㱻ˣһֱûϣСͻҪС㡣
ԡ橵ͷĿɨһϤİСԺ
Ļڽ￪ѤõλãӵĽʱٵдУɫˣԺӱ˾ţŲŵĺۼɾƽ޻ۡ
ߵʱһвŸողóĿ֮֮һϢͼȥ˭Ҳ˵׼ǵܻܲȥ
ȥˣѾԴ̣Űϵ
ڻЦУſͻȻŲ橵߲ɿȱͨʯŴ
˪Ĳڹǰһ
ӡ橳˷š
˵ĶŰ˸ߵżһ٣̧ͷЦźһˡ
ˣҪ𣿡෢͵Ķͷʵ
ͷ
鷿һ䵭Ĭûһ˿ɫеľɹͼӴۣɫᴩķָ߳Ψһ۵ɫ
һǰ¾Ҳû̧ͷ
ڿһϣΨһı仯ļҾչ澫Ϊո¡
齺ɡҲǵһμһĻ̲ס
һֱͷӵ΢΢
ؽţƣҪ԰Ѱ֧ͷ£СһҲȫû⣬ﻹа׵İҲԷЩˮ
²Ըʾһ飬۾ģôɡ
ţܺãѡĶġ˳ֿ
ȴɫ䣬ָָ֣λãüŪۣҲңӣ
ģҧм֡
橿ԼģʧЦ̧ԶǺ۹⡣
űʲ˵װ·˵ţԭȵÿ
ԭȵǵ˵ģ˫˵ءⲹ˵š
ţͦõġֻǷܵصͷһ࣬ʼŰϵſţСͶ廹ࡣ
Ȼٰһˣ˵š
Сǰٰͻ䶾Ϭķһ±飬ܵ˲ҵΧˣת£ں﷢С
ҺǰһˣʼҸȼѾһѹٰС˶˶ῴıֽ
ôƳĻһҪԭǣСɽѧԺһ壬ʸȨɣִ̬òֻǷ£Դ
СջˣվͱùѪͷ޲߷Ծ
СҳһԣϷдС롣
֮ǷǣԵ֮¡
ȶλѡΪŽĻǿСһֵͶ巽ʽ
ѡͶ塣
ۺֻҪҪͶĸ봺СļվУֵĸǱ¼ûиѵġ
ֵģʽĸ࣬һˣһʱףذͶǹʱǶϬʯ쾪֮
࿴ŵа˸ߵͶ壬ɳü
⼸գôһ¾ϣټ˲٣֪̫ͬӼ࿪ǰֹŮѧѾֵ˵ĸ;ĸƽն
֪ͬҪؿŮѧ橾š
ţˣŮҽݡѸ橵İǰ֪ͬǿӲһʩѹҵ˵ķĻᡣ
ŶҲԣעߡбһһߵС˵š
®ݵĽ컹ûѡ𣿡橲һţţ˵Ѿ±ˣǰ黹û𣿡
˱ˣΪ®ݸֱγһˡƣڰǰ
Ժ飬ôòˡ
ʩԺƣùģԺ䣬ҲԼˣҲԺ
Ժ໥Լȴάһֹƽ
ΪλƼĲܱ˱ץס̰۵ıӣӱÿˡ
ȥҲʲôϵʵ
һ
橲̧ͷ೯ŬŬ졣
˳ȥֻӣ˵Ҳô°鲻ԭѾѹ²ҵӣ廹ִ󣬻ֵǰش
Ҫ˳ҺͲںԺУԲһֱӴ¡˵š
̾һڲ߶š
šҲвҵˣһֱԸ֮ǰľĥģǴȷʵ֮岻ġ
ʣԥƬдǩע
ҿɲǺƢˣֶֻΡ橿ôСҲ˽ҵΪˡ
ֻġͬ˵ţŶϸ˵⼸յİȫһҪˡ
ǣ
ףӽôڼҰ칫
ֱһ߲ŷ⣬ֱѾһѣȴԼҪģüһʵ
̧ɨһۣûʵ˵ţԺİ칫һ
橲Ŷһ
ʱΪվڽǿûв©ٳĻԵĳ嶯
˵շҪСͶ壬Ӱؼҵġ
ȷʽϵģֱѾ˲ţü˵ţǽҲûû뵽ؿŮѧӰô󰡣ű߾ûĴ¶סǵС
ǹͶȻҲû⣬һα¶һΰ׮Զûءæ˵ţǽҲûУǱǶû֡
ǵʱδŸǣֲܷЩ橺š
ͻȻ̧ף˺һ˵öԡ
ǲ֪Сǵģܿ;СǵݣôȷСһǣǲҲҪͶܻظǵϢ
ԿЦһ
ˡ
ʶѾѴСԼУȴڱ˿СһڲٰԳһɣܿ̽
ô죿еƮƮţҲǣҲǡ
һֱ˵ĶͻȻ˵˵ŷ⼸ҪһĿΪǧ
ֻҪ㻨ʮʮһĿοԿš
ŵı⣬ֻҪÿλһǮܶĿ𰸻Сͯ͵вУһĿʮˣʮ˶ͬ⣬ռСһ棬е۶ǳԹ˹ۿۡ
εģǾСṩһطǸƾȡǣֻӲˣҲõı¶ݡ
üղŸոͨλľ飬պܶ⹫Ҳ֪ЧΣֻٰ磬ұλĿǰֻ
̾Ϊֹ밡
⻹Ҫأ˵Ҫһø˲ĿֻǱλԵģʽвڽøڿñۣдáš
ȥ黹˭֪롣ü˵š
û¶Ϣȴֻ֪˵Сڹ
ǡӦ¡
橰Ź£ãźã̾һǾ͵պˡ
µǲУǼãϵ߿оʲôʵ
ҡͷϸˣͨߣӲæˣٴӿ
ڴʱԺͻȻʧԼһ
һվǷĿ
ఴ⿴ȥֻѾ¡һż
ˮˣ⣬ֻƬɫ䡣
ɫ΢䣬һѷ±վ˵ţԺûгôˮˡ
ȥҳ̴򡣡
׼·
СԺҳһƬ걻̳ʱһˮ־ҲģˣһϢţ˰Ҳвѡ
ء
꣡˫ȷһηš
ڴʱһֱվڽĽһڻ֮гС̴̹ξˮˡ
֣ԼָˣƽڵϣĴؿڣǺȥˮ³
˺һᣬŻۣ˺һűĽһޣĽҲſ
ץǸģֻʣ°ĹߣС޵˺ѷΡ
ɫ԰ף˰Ȼģ˱ԼаţĨһѩױС
ôˮ侲š
굴ǧȥ֣ϵ˵ʲôߡϵȥã˭֪ߴϵ̨ϣ겻Сˣȫϣ߶Ūˡ
ĽᣬС˵ţʹҲŵòᣬ˵
˵ҪԼȥױϴȻͱȥϴҺͷʰڵĶ˭֪ûþֵ
ΪңͳһͿˮױСûˣҲûˮ
˸ˮڱϴģôˮء
Ϊÿ춼ΪʧʧľÿԺӶڷˮĴס
Ȼĺ಻ס˵ԺӻˮԺеĴԭһֱ㣬һֱ˵Ҫˮﶼˮ
ˮ׼ʹĽҲֻ¶Ա֮ߡ
ˮףĽ־سȻ˭Ҳֲˮꡣ
ֻҪôһ룬;һĿ۵
޵ֱãСֱ橵ĲӣָϹŰ˵߶ŵ֡
Ľ俴ԺнŵգСѩףЩ޴վš
Ҹ껻·ȥʪȹ˵š
־壬橵Ĳ䡣
š֣ʪյͷСˡ
áꡭáȥġһߴãһ߳յ˵ţáȵϣáġá
ԣɫ䡣
ԭΪֻ̰棬ԼȵŲСˤȥġ
Ժźŵ˶˭䣬ɷһҲ뿪
ɫ䣬սս
е˺Ѳһġ
ոе˶ԭźˡͬһʪķ񾪻˵š
ȥ顣Ǳģ˵ҲҪһˡ
ȫȥ˵š
СԺһϷһѾߣſŵʿ˷񣬰ֱȫˡ
޵ˣŻͣ·Ҳ橲֣ĽںŸǹ۵غš
ͷϵĺףһۡ
𣿡
ۡǣ˵ţлһΪߣЩ𣬡߻ˡ
һҪˡ
̾ӹߣûµģ
վ󣬼ת˳׵˿ڣü𣺡ҪҪŴ
岻֪ȥˡ
ϳ̴ſڵţҪ
ҡͷطûţͶͷӦǲСĿĵˣѾϹҩˡ
Сһ򲻾ţϻᾪʷա
ѵûоſ橻УųǶ²ߣɫήңɼȷʵܵپš
ҿԱ𣿡橣ʵ
һ㶣ʶͷȥꡣ
ʪĴ۾Сüͷ𣬿ԥ˺һ˵Աһᡣ
س
˫ֱ֣֣˱ڻУŻս
һСҪСҪģһСеĹ¶ȡ
ͷδȫɣһʪˮ޿ײıϢһ䣬˿̹Թڻʱһѩ׵޻
ڵʱֻüܵӲйĺ¡
һ޻ˮɢˡ
ûµģ겻µġԼΪҲ£ģļɳƵ˵´Ҫȥѧˮ
ͿԼˡʿˮ˵š
šӦš
岻Ҫ¡˲ɰοš
š³һ
ҪﱧҪˡûǺܲŤͷȥ橣üС˵š
ɣӲȥ顣ȥ꣬ǽѵ¶һ˿ŭ
ףˮôˡ⣬˶Ԭ˵ţԥƬ̣ˮ׵ͳ˵ߡ
ףߵͼǲǱˣ
Ԭ˵š
橱ŤͷȥͻȻһ㶡
Ǹԭ࣬ϸСвͬҶУϵмĪʧˡ
жԬϸţͻȻڶѵϸп۳СţƤֽ
ƵüΪɣм侹Ȼһļв㣬沼͸İ׽룬ˮ˲̵ʱ䣬Ľʲܽ⣬¶صһţƤֽ
һķ֮һĵͼü˵š
ţƤֽķֻǴͼϵһǣ浽ֵı־ͼ
ⲻǻվ橵ţƤֽ˵š
ü
ǻأϵĻƺ񰡡һ߽Ĳһߺ쳤̽ţͻȻ˵ŵеǿϵĻư
СָڵͼϱȻһ¡
ʣɶ
üš
һ㶣ͷȥī
ѾȫĺۼչϸĽ⡣
ֳԼ壬ŻƣͻȻ˵ԭ
ϸ޸ġ³һˤΪȷʵûж
Ϊһֱ档Ϊ𾪣˵š
ͻȻ̾÷˵Ĵ󵨺ͽƫ档
һˤȷʵ橶İӣȴ˿ûƻļƻ
Ϊ˱ˣɵĽ޸ȴıͼ
һֱ˵ϵĻҸԼǧɽˮѰͼ֪ҲʱһֱңϵĻƺҪ
һһңҲϻ˼߲٣Ҳһֱҽϵĺ塣
ͼʲô橵˵ţǲҲҪõߡ
ӹ壬ϸĻƣȻţƤֽͼ
ƲͬıʻҲ껭Ǽط
ԺŸӣͷͼƬںһȥͻƿͬغϵĹգʣͼ𽥸ֳһϤ
ǽݵĵͼ
СμǴȫͼҲûҲˡ
һ㿴һߣü˵š
ݣһ¡
˵֪ж𣿡ɫʵ
Ӧ֪ģһҪߡ
شֻ˵š
ǵ꺫͸λȶߣһǽʲôŻһֱߡ
üĽ壬ͻȻԺһ󵨵ͷ
÷˵Ѿ֪ѱ䣬ԲŸɵͳţ˭δٰɵʱѾˣ֪Щ飬ε֪˭ˣ
壬Ȼ֪͵͵ݣ֮ǰ֪Ҳ˭Ҳ֪˵һĪݣ÷Ҳһȫ֪
ΪλҪ⽻㱣ߣ仰˵ֲ
ţĿϣɷᣬΨ־һ㡣
߲֤αİ취ء


72 ȥ
ˡ
ĺһ˿ɢ֮Ѫζ, ڿյĺڰеͳƮ
ǰ̧ȥࡣ
ڳϷģ˷ߵѾСӡ
СǼ, ĸԭǸи, ׯԺܼ, ǰһ־ߣһζĲƭһСΪծͲܸһλչܼϵˡ
ü΢΢, Ĭ, ڵͫӳ΢Ĺ, èһںڰаݷ
ܼ˵ֻҪݼֳ飬ԽԽ, ò⣬ٶһӡ
ҧ˵, 鷿ڵѪζ, 뿪ĴɢŻζ, ƺˮεһνһΣأ˻
Сӵռŵſˮϣּʰ
֮ǰֳһ㶯, ½ƾͼƣСӳȥǸܼңѾ˹ڰ
Ǹ
ԬѾԴȥץˡ
ںڰЦһô껹һ㳤Ҳû, ôǣ޹
ఴվںڰУԺſҡҷ΢£һĵ
Ǽұ꺫зѣڿԲ̫嶣űҲòҸۣѪѪ
̧ȥǽս΢΢ϸƵĽ뷢֨Ŀ֨
Դҵȥңݷô󳤹˵š
˵
ˮҵĺҲõͷˡ
ǣ
˫ͨ죬ݺӦ¡
Ժ˶𣿡ĿԶԺӴһյڵϡ
ƻҡҷһ΢ȴĹ
Ϊ֮£ֻ·ƣȫˣѲҲİ൹Ѿֹ⽻Լ
˯𣿡ŹŴһķüʵ
ʱδգҺñ˼ʱ֣ȥ˳ϴ򣬺ʱʱҩ֮˯ˡ
˵ϸղӦǷȥҩˣϴجΣ˰ߵѬ㣬ֻܵһʱʱ䵽˾óȥˡ
ţĽء
Ҳ˯ڷԺУҲѾѾɸһ飬˼ԣһβȫˡ
ȦϣһҲûж
ôûȥС̴򣬷ѳϴˡͻȻš
˼Ƭ̣ҡҡͷǵɣѰĳϴ򡣡
ָ˳Ե೤ſλƻ
Ŵ֮ǰ˵һ仰³һü۵ʹڰֻܿǴؽ΢΢ı졣
۾΢΢
˵ǡü˵ţʱҲԲδ飬ºȴ̲ס¡
ȻѾķϣҪȥϲţǱؾ֮˭¶Ǻѡ񡣡
ͷʱӸûãйػΪϿʱѾߺ˽ᣬ֣˶֡
жٿ˽ĵطҰܼϿԸ£˷һϲǮ
ţ£ֻ˵ǲò
ЩϴС̴ýҲЩǸѻķϣһСͨشãֻյʱ䡣
ü˵ϴС̴ǼãǶҲˣ˲ΪС̴ˣϴͲˡ
ԬҲѪͳ˵ˣ𣿡ʡ
˺һȻᣬԬԼóЦڴ࣬ǴˣΪһѪԵ
ΪγϴһֱǿС̴Ǵˣ橲˵
࿴˫䵭ŵ۾ͻȻһ
Сӳ겻ţʶģУĽ˵С̴ս̹ˮķӡ
ĽΪ˽ΪˮӲˮߣȥ԰涼ԶԶŵģȲ˵ʶС̴ö˶˽Щʲô
ţҲֻԷһ
ôɣս̵ľˡЦЦ
ɳϴ򡭡
֪ĻǸ׾ȴˣִŵ֮ˣ򲻻ᱳݼҵģֻҲ̫飬ȻСȻҲ᲻õˡ
ӴΣš
˶žУ򲻵ѾͰص鳾䶨ʱ򡣡
Ժ⴫
ʱˣջСһɡȰš
 
ˮһ⼸һֱɵظƨɺܣĽҲһֱ棬ŽҲš
׼ȥ鷿һСβͣһЦôһ˵ӣҪȥ£һᡣ
ҪҪͷָС˵š
Ҹꡣ
~
ҪҪȥӵ鷿鷿ſڵԺ档ѯš
áĽͬ˵š
~Ӧһ
С˳ʹҴһ˸ۡ
󳤹ո˵ǰˣպ˰ˮҵʮ˼ҡӹС˵ţǷҲˡ
šɫӹǷţɨһۣ¶һ˿Ȼ֮ɫȻˡ
Ѿ鷿˺һˡ״ӣ״ƲؽţӻֻСèҲӵСԺ棬ӵȻȥҪСĵ㡣
һʼʲô⣬ֱ̤Ժſڣžһ±˱סСȡ
۾걧Ĵȣɵɵشһ
ƶղֹ
ĽڿյԺжʱص
ԭͻȻһЦֻ̧鷿Ĵƿ
ſڴߣ°ͿԺеĳЦü䣬֣ɫȹĵԽۡ
ǽ²ʧ˵ţء
ǰЦ⣬ָ˵š
˽Ǳ˽
겻⣬ֻ¶ذһʶ̧ͷؿﻹĻһ⣺ǰ
˫۾Ф橣¶峺һ豻þİ飬ڴз
ࡣ˱ںš
ǱЦֻһܿͰѶϵèץ
è껳С
ʱЦڻһڣ
ɵĴβɨɨ꣬ܵذţȥ
ҲҪȥ
Сèˣŵɫظȥ˵ţչ˺
š
鷿ڣĽԹԵ֡
дĲȥɡ˷֣һ䡣
Ľ۾һ񣬸ĽŲˡ
ӽջáʰĽµıīɻš
ûãͷͶһӰøסĶ
ʰĶһ١
ղЦң˵ţĿȴѩ׵Ķϡ
չĶ񣬺ΪµˮΡ
û򴽣˵ţûаСèͷǽǰ𣿡
飬ԼҲûԼ˵ʱܿߣ΢΢࿪
ϵĹȥֻ㶼չ£һѩĹ⡣
ôˣ橼˵̧ȥȴײ˫İ޵۾һ
ûʲôǿԼջߣԼ˼£ŵ˵ţСǱȷʵ˻һѡصı⡣
תעʵʲô
ŴΪΣ˭Ͷ֮䡣
ݵˡҲû뵽п˭Ǯġ
ԣЦҡҡͷһؤ
ٰؤ⣬ɸŽᣬΪҪٰϤֱܻȺУѰټ
ݵԶٰΪ˽⣬ҲʵǰѾ顣
Ӵôأǿʧš
ٵػأҪȽߣж֮ǰĲ²⵽׶Բԡ
ü˵ţ˵ߺ󣬲⽻
÷˵һյˣֻٰЦ˵ţα֤˾ͻǵ÷˴ŵˡ
ԣ⣬۾΢΢Բ˭
ʧЦϥϵָ΢侲˵ţȷʵǣҲ֪ǣΪ֤ԼҪһȷʵõĶ
۾һ
ˣ÷˵괫ţλȶˣս߱ǲ߲ҹǱôİѱзĿռ䡣
÷˵ҵţ󳤹ѾˡͳűõֽݵС
һ㶣ǰЩ֡
ȷʵ֡
һļ飬һٰ㣬뿪ٰڶֱָݺݵڼ飬ǰȴʱᵽ÷԰
Ÿͬȸиɵ̽
ţȶ÷԰̽ҡ
ҵȷʵȥһ÷԰ֻԶԶȴûнȥЩҲһֱڰȶˡ
ָڰϣ÷԰Ľ벻ңΪƻ֪ıǶ࣬Ӧ֪ȶټЩһֱߣųɡ
㻳ɣš橻˵ţ֮̽һߡ
ǣȶͬңǹУǻ壬ǹֶʶǡ
ȶͬȶǵµģģԲ̥¥ֹߣȶγƻе
橲ͬصͷ
ȶ꣬ȶĳǲģ߶˵ֻҪߣȶˡ
÷˲óȻߵĻһ̵棬ȥҪߣѡ
ʧأͻȻ̧
ǾͰˣֻҪٰӲѲ˾ġ
չü΢΢һЦ
Ӻ
橿Ž緢ɫü䣬Ц˵š
 
Ҫߣӭ棬̻Ի͵ĺУͦΣ˫ɫѰ뿪¶ѩţһƱüš
ǡ
Ǿ͸ɣ걾˵ʱ֮⣬ͷһơ
ǣѾȥȡˡ
֪ŮǷǵ겻ٰһˣǵˡ
˵Цһȥʲô֣ҶȲˣָȥ𣿡
ǽȥȥƣ֪ΪĻͻأͣɱеľˮ
ݱǵ³ҡҡͷ˵š
÷˵ãҺһѱ䣿
ǱǺŮáͣµƵĶǱƣ˲ãųŵ嶼죬ǲĻҲġ
Ӣ
Ͷص˵š
 
ߣСԺУ˹˹ĵ⣬Ϊߡ
ֱǸȴҲߣϸġ
пʲôһ澡
澹ڵϣ˵ȷʵֻϵеģˮ濾й仯ҴΨºۼ治йв㡣
ĲһߡȤطһҳ飬ǴЦ˵š
澹²˵
һ߾һ
΢΢һ̾ߣһ侫ɵĻ˵ˣȥɣҲǵԼõ顣
ǡ
ϵĻġ͸ˡ
ǡ
ǵ˶𣿡
ˡ


73 
ݼ鷿, Ĺ߱ڰϣ뿪Ĵµչ棬ɫŨ, 졣
ݵ, ֻ˺ɫ, 䣬Ǵıط
ݵϸ, ʷ´ǼΪϸıʷ, , ɫ˫۾ѾΪˣϵصķ
ԭΪһġóԼġĽ, һࡣ
ݿأ, ܴ, ֻиԲͬķܱܿ顣
橵˵ͷ˵öԡ
֮, ޲Ҳ֪Ҫáݵߣϸһ£ָкȷʵͽݵĸơ
˵ȶ𣿡ͷš
սݵߣüܿɿӦûУƻԭǻ, Ӳ棬֪˭Ҳ档
Щ, 㿴ݵߵݵУݵߣݵߵǺͽݵĲࡣ
ࡣǫ̂ӡ
౧̽ԴӹǸߣеһ£ָΨһֱӵ۶ϡ
ˮ׼𣿡
ˣⱸϸһۣ͵óĽûʲôŷҲˮС
ߺ»
橶ݵļϵһЩɫԭ»ϣǺ֣һģһϺ忴ȥǲһˡ
ڿָǺصţƤԲһˡ
ߺţƤü˵š
ǲ⣬˵ȶҲоգգۣ˵š
һ²֪ˡӹǸߣЦ˵ţĶû帨һֵֹĵͼ
ָ΢һ߾УһΪ˫ϸճ˫չضէһëȻ
߰سˮף¿ȥ峺ˮչ΢΢ŤߵϸϸȥһΪˮиֲ
橿˺һת鷿һμⷭš
ڿμǡۼ⣬棬š
ţӻشòСĴģҿŻʳϴˡ
ϴģü
橷Ķһ٣򴽣˵ţС̴ġ
Ҽ֮ǰͳϵشܣλٰȴҲ˵仰״š
üû˵
ʲôֱʰɡ飬˵ţ֪ģһ˵
û뵽ͻȻ̧ͷ⧲š
Ҳ鵽ˮ˭
ǳ䣿橴㵵˵ţĻ
״ҡҡͷǲңڳϷģʹһЩСֶΣͨԺеСӡ
һǺС̴кιϵ
ݼԺ˳Źض࣬Сһ겻ŵĴָôôһ˹š
ڼ飿˳˼·˵š
ǡ
ΪλС̴򣿡
üš
ˮĽˣʹ˵ЩַǼǰС̴̵ġ˵ţҲʲô̫ɺϣͻȻ֮ǰˣڷǵĿݾС
۲΢ֲ֪ս֡
ǻķɣֻȥϲŲǱؾ֮Ҳһ·ͨشõģΪҩԽԽ٣£ȥˣǻķ
Ǻʱ֪ģȻţǷ˵ġ
̧һ˫۾չºƾӨ͸īһ¿Уֻʵ֮ǰȥ׷£ںαˡ
ش𣬱ԹԵ˵£֮ǰǾô޹ؽҪŲ׷飬־úԼˣų˿鵽£𣿡

ʱȷʵϡ
ǰ֮˵Ŀ̫䵭ȴѾһ˿Ǵ֮⡣
򴽣Ҳ˼
ü۵ʹõĴ߳ĬţҶˣǲ鵽С̴ڱƲ𣿡
һǲҵˡ
̧̲סüʣмݡ
ԥ˺һŻ˵ţҵܴӹټӳ뿪ٰ˲æΪǹټҵˣ˵ʵǰ׼ͯӡ
˵ǲҵˡ橿Цţ䵹ۣػش߹ӡ
ɫʵ㵱÷ĹǰʧΪټҰץˡ
̧ɨһֻۣǼ˵ŸղŵĻҲ֪ʱʱֻ׷ʱ˼ųϴ򡣡
֪Щʧ˵š
ҵʱûˣټҲԸңҲ˱Ұúܼʱ橲֪ΪΣͻȻһ䡣
˭֪ɫҧҧ
ţѾȥųˡ˵š
ף֡һֱվſڵĶվҲˮǰţ㿴ɫǱȴûС
ָָߵˮףǻûʼ𣿲԰յʱˡ
ԣҲſڴš
Ҳˮɫĺۼֻһɫĺۼԭֲ߲֪ΪͻȻׯ
ɺޱ仯ˮ¡
ݵҲɫɫͻɫֻʣºɫ͵ࡣݵ߲һ
üݵҲ֮ǰҲˮɫ㱻ɫֻǲ֪ߴϿʼ
վ⣬Ŷ˵ȥݵĿó𣿡
̳ϳߣҸϸ˿еͳһƤֽСɫͽǿһģһ
չȥ鷿ž޴ͼϿȥ˵ϵĻصµȷʵҲݡ
óݵƤֽ˵ƤֽȻûֵĽʲ֮ǰһˮһǽˡ
֣ķһ͸Ľ״
橽ӹŻճĶҲϱеһͻѩ׵ģճˮһϵеĹ򣬾ͻ͸Ķ
еĶ˽ȥָֻԭ״Լá
߱ĲǱصƤ·ˮȣġ
ֶѰžˮ״ǱڻϿͻΪֵĽʣҲָԭ״
ͼȴҲݵĵͼһƤӡ
üҪǿЩȥҪǶߵûɹ
ֻǺߡ
ɫؿ˵ţͻȻǰһֽϻһߣ࣬һֹ֣Ųȱͼ
ⲻǣ÷԰ĵͼ橶ſ˺һᣬ˼˵ţô֪÷԰ĵͼ
ݺͽϲɫеĵݵϣݵĲɫҲ֪Ӧûλá
ȷʵߡ橽ӹʣ˼Ƭ̣ܿͰѵͼȫ
еĺɫͻɫȥˣͼɨһݵߣֿ»Ļ˵š
þơһֱĬĶྪ˵š
÷ԭáߣֿͼٿؿ˵š
ƻҪȫ޽ٲܳɹ˷ģ鿪ʼܿƣҪľǰǸҳʵ˭˴ȵĻϡ
橷±ʣŵͼ˵š
ﲻˣϣΪЩױѧϰˡ
ȷʵ÷ҪժһƱѵһȥţȦףõľߡ
ǷҲ˵ȴĪǿߣݵȶһɻ˻𿾺ˮߵĻԭΪǵȥ
ڵõֵϢȥõߣܿ˭ԡ
ҲɱۣϸµļƻΪȷƻһʧƻֳ׶Σ裬ȻÿһļƻС
ǵģƻǣȷʵڸˣ֮ļƻûȫܽȥΪߵһֻҪȥ鱻ֱܵ÷Уȫҵ𰸡
ͨȫƻͻȻЦ˵š
㿴÷ϲġͷ˵š
գգۣĬãһ
Ȼ֪ѱ䣬ǲҪȥץˡʵ
ȻҪץѲ˾ĸſڣ⣬СǸӷţ˵
΢΢絶棬˵ţ˽
Χжʽʼ
⼸գٰͻȻһٸ̸߹ټҶ˵ˣ͵ңѴ󳤹ϲڼһ
󳤹ŭѲ˾ͽٰսս
һԺҵһɵˣٰʱ䣬ȥʱȫ͡౧ȭ˵š
ˣ˵š
ôˣԲǰǰһʢʻбһüʵ
˵ҺҵϢ㻹ǵǶǱȣǴƻҲӰӼƻˣ൱һһ䡣
ţôˣ
໨Ķһ٣ü
ˡ
ô̳ȶΪҰΪûܾȳ࣬գӢţĿǰҲӳиҵ𣿡
ץ˱֪ˡ΢΢һЦ
Ҫ𣿡༤š
ûǽôǣһϵĶŤشβĽᣬ͵򴽣˶ţֻҪѹͺˡ
ҪҳͶ˭ӡ
ԭ̧һ˫ī۾ؿѵ¶˿޹
ټϴôˣһͶ˹ټңûʲôòġȤ˵ţĸߣÿ
״Ц
ǣǻʲôƿߣ̲סЦ⡣
նצǵĹټҲæһ£նǣóѰ֣˸ͷ˵Ļ
˵¡߳ŭǳš
ˣɫ˵㡣
ͷΨһһɫСЦ˵š
һ֦¶㡣


74 β
Ժٰ⼸һ˽Ժ, λɽɽϡ
Ժռؼʫ䶼ʿڣÑһѧ, Թѧ
̶ʱ, ٰ˲ɬѧʲꡣ
ԺһСԺ, ׼д͡һǰԺɽԽһڣ֮СԺŽգ˳֡
, ٰİ׮Ѿȫʧ
ۻɫ˿ʯȹŮڵ, սս˵
ڿطһҳ, ɫҲƽĺݣǵ𣿡
ֻһ룬ʣһȫѲ˾ץס, Ŀǰȫ䲻
ʣµϵ𣿡飬¶ž¿˹, ̲סü
ŮĬƬ̣۳ڳⶼ˶, ΰŽ˻Ӧ
Ǳ鷳ˡ鱾, طֱߵǼϣűԵ䶼ĵţ֮ǰȥţд𸴡
ո͵ϢŮͳһš
һֱڽվźŮϢǰӹţתݵС
ǵı»ǹӲ, жĥɱ¿⿴һۣһţЦ˵š
˿Ҫ뿪ٰﲻ˵Ů, ʵ
ŵɫȹͬ˵Ļ򵥶ӣͿҲЩ󣬿ɫΪ侲ʹ𽥽ŵΡȻ
ֻڳȥˡŤͷŴ羰˵ţǰҲսˣ󡣡
ʱ˭Ҳ֪Уһʱʧ죬⡣Ůذοš
ջߣҲ̫ãôҲûİɢ
ǰһڣټҲ֡
бŮһۣɵü˳ۣЦһҾƢˣȥҴȥңôһֱ֮ӳˡ
ǡŮһȥ
ӣжˣղԬҴҶ˵ղԺɢѧգűһһŮ룬ӾǸˡ
ȥʵ
ǳٰˡԬüǸѾ书ǵȥδ̫
ĿǽϵĴͼϣλò󣬵ΪλԽóΪ㶫һࡣ
ȶΪ˻۴ɲ֪Ǯģ˲֮ġ
ڲſڵšջߣ˵š
ӾֱȥҲңԬԾʵҲ̫󵨡
ݵô꣬Ȼٰ֪֣ǽȥʹֻ»ᵱ빬ЦһΪĿˡ
ݵأתʵ
ںУһֱţߵǸ书ǿȻǣûҪ뿪Ĵ㡣
ţץˣȥݸ
Ըš
ǡ
ΧܻᾪŵټңҪԬš
΢΢һЦ˵Ҫ󣬾Ҫ֪ץһˡ
ҸҵĵһȻҪһЩ񡣡
Ԭһ飬ǽ۵¶֮ɫǣ
꣬ôûͷȥ氡ſڣͻȻЦеš
걧Сվ̨£ѿЦ޽㲡ˣҽչġ
ӵʡ
ţصͷ
飬һᡭ
ţֻǻû˵˵ˣɡ
ԹվſڣվŵԬŴ۾󷽷ʵ˵Եһġ
˵ˣСɡԬܿЦ˵š
걧ǰƵСΪѵڣ²ߵǰԹԵлллĽϲ
ţϲͺáͷǰ֮ˣЦ˵ţΪ˵
ҡͷһСԲϣСȣ˳輸ϵĸ㣬
أ˵޽գԼ׼ճţС˵Ҫ˵
һŸ㣬ԥûŽһǮֻСʵԳ
Ȼԡͷöţٰ˴Щңβˡ
֪ˡһҧ°㣬ӣ˵š
ȥɡ
ĿһֱŽһǣŶ֣˸߲ҵ뿪СԺ
Сﻹ֪ǡԬ˵ţͻȻһϣֻڨڨر졣
ذ׽䵭˵š
ǣԬȭ¡
 
Բ𸴺һֱ⣬ͷ޶ٰпڵϴɾѪÿնҪϳˣΨһľ®ݵĽһֱֲ¡
ټƫĲңԲҲĴ£ֻǵȴʱ䡣
ûҵ壬Ҵһü
ǣϼҶȥˣǺټܸټҲ˵š
ҳ˼Ƭ̣Ǳץˣ
ݼҲ£СӵҲһֱлأ֪¡š
ң˷ǡҰۣЩҲ˲飬á
ȻӦ£صһȥžۡ
үСԺ˴ҴҶյһš
ôҽӹţ˵ţֻǸտһۣеžͱϣɫ˲
˺£ʵ
ҪңѾ·ˡ
ɫ䣺Ǹôˣ
ҪץѲ˾ٰѲߣɭϣҪƽ뿪
޺˵ţǱڳ⣬Ҳֱ֣뿪ˣǷȫˡ
һĹΣ壬ɱ檵ǹȫֵˡЦǴ󲿶ڳУΪԻԼڳУҲһЩֶεģֻǰƴµˣҲ֪˿̽ΪΡ
ǺãɫǣΣڰֻҪ󲿶ӾѣٰˣԴһؿǻүġ
Ҵ¯֣ȼţŻֽţֱյԼָָֽŵڵϣڵ
Ҳ˭ΪùټҼԼģңѴʮڲɽˣȻѰ˼²õˡЦһۣȥ
ڲܸſǱõԬһ򵥵Ժʻܿȥ
ٰԣ鼮ǳ鱾۸񶼼ΪҲв鼮ɹԵһĶ࣬Һϰ󷽣䲻󣬵òʿ
ɾ룬롣òʿſͣӭ˳ȥ
ֻ΢ǺܿһòеȵμΪȵŮӣŮƿӣˣˡ
ڳһΪ˹ĿӣһӣǣŮӵòʿ΢΢һЦ贺ˮǺ;ݲᡣ
òʿһ㶣̧ϸһǰӣ˵ݲǱΪ飬ҪѺʮˮǹ±Ҫȥƹ񣬵õ׼С
ȻЦŵͷվݽɽȻǴһ𿴵ġ
òʿɫһ䣬ԭŵԽ£˵ԭǹˣ롣
ңֻԼҼΪѡƧĵطЦ˵š
Ȼ
һ䲼õüΪɵĶС¥ոһյ裬Ϳ¥ͣһһϤˡ
ƣˡ˹ϴŲ豭Ů˵š
Ůվڽеü˳ۣ˵
Ȥʼ磬ȻҪ𣿡
ˣҲȥɡ
ǣŮӸ׼뿪ȴϴű˴򿪣ſ֮ӭײϡ
ΪȵشǰŮӣЦЦû뵽¥ǳ飬ôˣ㸸׵С檰
Ůɲɫվһࡣ
үǱ˵ЩƤˣҲˣҿɲӡƽᣬ˵ĻһҲ
ϵЦҲסˣɻǿŭ쳶档
֪¥ǧΪζֱ˵ʵ
ҵ˶ڿջҲҪȥǣֻֻҪ뿪˳ҡ
Ϊ裬ɫƽ͵˵Ҫһ֮ʰɾ
Ҷյð̵ĲյЦһԼ˶Ź
ҡҡͷɲԼˣץǱ߶δĵˣұʵʱޣֻиˡ
Щ鴫űãαҪǰĲյ˵š
쳿ЦЦȻΪЩС£ֻЩвһŽʯ󺣣ⲻǺ¹ټҰ²𣿡
Ļٹ¼Ǵ£ҲĶ飬Ļⲻ¥ҽš
Ǳá쳴һҿΨֱټ⵽ʱҿɲ֪Դ»λ¡
ɫһ¥в
ĸҡԹԵضһڲ裬ҲǶò࣬ˡ
ȻˣٰţҲģǡŭ˦뿪
ۿ¶ҪʮˣɻجΣˮǴҲ֪úòá
쳵ȴĵૡ
ЩҵʱʱֻǺԼҲҪĺ󳾡ЦһŲҽӲıӰ˵ǵԼɲõ֪ǡ
㣡Ҵŭֵǰ֮ˡ
ȴǶӣ˵һڡ
˲Ϳ̬ͣ
 
橽ȥҸ磬Ϊ·ݲСˣѾʼԻˣҲֻһʱˡ
ͲˣЩӾúܡ嵴˸Ƿ˵š
Ҳˣӵһǰˡչ嵵ĴĵϿЦ˵š
ԭе۾˲ʵ˺ͺˣ
û뵽Ҳԭ嵵۾һҲû
ˣɵܵһͷȡ˲ˣȤرۣػ˻֣ҾͲˣǵôãп
ŷϰݼӵǴӲ븮ÿζͣŷһ˩ʯϡ
δڣüš
δնԬ԰ȥˣԼݳ˾
ˣͻȻ˵
ƿӣ̧ͷȥų́ϵײһ
ôˡվϣͻȻ嵵ĻҲ֪Ϊֻûڡ
ؼҡ˵ţҸֵǡɾ㡣
ӽղ𣿡橾š
û뵽Ȼ֪Լ壬ʱ˵ֻǿ
ҽտɾˡ橲⣬Сš
ҧƵ˵ţȥԺ飬Ըջ
ر࣬Լȥһһۣ˵š
մϴֹ֣˵ҪĽǵȻ˳ȥһҲţ׳ն
ԣͻȻЦЦĳȥ˰
š⣬ŸĽ𣿡
ֻһӣ˭ץҹ͵ǡӣ˵š
ģʧЦǿûʲôˣŶӣһҲȥ
橰һǿҪϽҵǣöһǮˡ
ţϳɡ
ݵǰ
橶ǰ˫޳ָָԵļӣչѾ㾫󣬺ÿˡ


75 Ю
źɰһ, üͷͷ²Ķ࣬, С˵Ǯ, ԼǮ
ӹǺ«Ķͷ, СԴһ˵㸶ǮһǮ, ˵Բԡ
Ǻ«ݸ, ȸԾ˵Ǳǳ, ȥ
һǣ֣һץǺ«ԥ˵, ֺ񲻶ԡ
Եúܣ, ƭġغŪš
𡣡ҧһǺ«, ɻʵ
Ȼƭ, ƭƭ𣬾ƭǿɶǶˡ
ϸһ룬˲˶ⷬ
ԭͲƭˣ
ʲôʱȥ޽ءԸɾǺ«š
ʲôʡ
üãȻؿЩ߸ߴĵ̣ԥ˵֪Ү, һӿʲô
ͷɨһСһ棬ʱҲŷ
ٰ, һȻ٣һЩȴЩˣǾɵС⵹ǿԡ
Ȼȥݣ飬һСīһֽ
գգۣҿԶȥ
Ȼԡ˵˳ְֱߵǵݵУҪұ𣿡
áҡͷͻȻ̧ͷһľ¥۾ɻգգ
ôˣҲĿϿȥֻһľ¥ʿϾƣ硣ϵֻܿһػ䡣
ʿˮǸ˱걨ˡ
ȥԷı⡣
ˣɡջߣŶˡ
橵Ů
뿪󣬾¥ǰ΢΢һ¶һųף˫ɫ۾עȥˣЦʵ
ǰӦǺݵĺ¥ͼ
ǡ
һֻСáͼ뵽ղ˫ȴ峺Ĵ۾š
˵ԸҲΪ˳
˳ȾƵԣǹ𣬷Цţ˳ǲɱ/˵ģҲܱôܵġ
ü
㲻˵һδеĽͲ˵ͷһƣüôûҹ
ҪȰץɡ
Ǿˡʼ磬Цһ쳿һӣ߻һ书ǿѾء
ҪȻȥ𣿡ʵ
ȥߣҲǸСһٰ
˷¾Ʊ˦˦ӣƵسȥķȥ
ҵʱ򣬶Ѿ˶һڵķݡ
ֻһ𣿡橷ôôණ
ֻݣǮءؾǮӣĶǶġ
ԼģǸġ橰Цš
Ǹ޽ġţ껨ǮҲǸ޽
ӹǸڵķݣЦüģ
Ű̵ģÿصͷ۾ؿĵĿ佱
ţÿȻ治ɫؿһ䡣
Цˣקŷߣͷ
ȲؼҵģҵīûءͻȻ˵˵Ҫȥء
橾ʵǮ
ֻʮͭ壬Ǹϰ˵ҲǶҸģ˵кܶܶͭ塣
㻹ʣ¶ٸͭأ橹ʵ
ЦһСɿػغüΣ̧ͷȥȡ
Ҳ̫ˣαΪڲ⣬ʲôī
԰ǮīգۣС˵
š
ִǿķıĵ꣬Ҳвٹٰ꣬бīһ֣ǶˣǰϵҲϵɷ衣
վڹ̨ϣóһӣŽżڹ̨ϣ˵ʮĵһӣλī
Ȼƹ˵Ǹų̂ߵСվŵٰ˲֪
ƹһݣҵԳ˹̨ȥǰѡ
ʵɣġ橿˵š
īƹŤͷһſ˵ķˣֻЦеĶԼ޹ӣԼڼϵȴǲɷ
ǡƹͷĺͷ
ļơЦ˵š
֪ͬӴ󡣡橲ʾػص
üתƻ˵ҿ껹Ҫһʱ䣬һģҪȥ
ԸҲһ
ⲹһ䣬侲ؿ橡
˭֪бһۣҡҡͷȻȥɣܿͽˡ
ʣµǮӦѡٿʽɨһۻܣʮأôҲҪʱɡ
̵زŹӣͷҲ̧˵ţǴģҶյھˡ
״ҲϸŲ෱īͻȻһ㶣һҪѡǸɡ
ұīֽٰɫ״ֻҪҪģѰһīǶдֵıȽ϶࣬ԻԺɫΪ
߲īһĶɫīȻռ򵥣˲ٰ࣬࣬ܵ˵۸ЩƫߣһС黹ǲһӵġ
Իݵ߲īģɫȻЩޡ
ҪģһֱĬƹ˵ͻȻָеģ߲ī¶Ц˵š
橶̧һЦü䣬
ѡˡ
ʧЦԥһᣬ˵Ϊڲͬ
ؾΪҪȴϲϣʰ쵵Ķ
ϣСӺƹ컨׹ؿţֱǶϲ£
һ֪ˡȥ橣ĿЦ
ֻǿͷ
һ˸ճ˵棬׼ͻȻͷһ޴Ķ
Ѳ˾ץˣٱá
Ѳ˾ץˣٱá
̧ͷֻԬδӦʲô飬ֻǰз紵һĽӭ̵۾
һְ橺껤ֱӳӭȥɨȥֱӸһ档
ϬֱӸһƬѡ
ӽӽԬҴҶƥϵĳһ
ӹնĳŷָһνü
գۼ䣬ѾΣɱڡ
ֻһļ˻Уֽ˫Աܿһ
¥ǰǱɱˣ˵
ЦһĨһϱ˵ѪۣȻɷһ벶컯գ͸ˡ
˵ֻҲû뵽л˶ˡŻսˣü
Ȼȫ֮ߣǿѹͷߡսг
һ˵ĳ棬ҲԳǿ
Цһӭϣһͨĳгɷ˵ɱһ֣ܱƵɫ΢䡣
һѱгкƹעǧ֮Х֦ɣҲ˺޻òơ
֪Ϊβӣ𣿡
쳳ظǰ֮ͻȻЦ
ɫ䡣
ɫصسֽǰ𽥰ѿסһ
橱꿴ǰս֮ˣ˵ݵˡ
ǣԭӦھֵĺֵֽģôܵˡü˵š
ԭǽֲҪҡ
뿪ұؾֵֽĶͷ
ףôǸѾߡ
һֱ橻еͻȻͷʵ˭
ɫ䣬ͻȻŤͬʱһͻأڶལ浽֮ǰ橲䡣
ˡ
ʧ˵Ѿߡ


76 
ˡ
һֱüͷٿɿ, һЦгڶлɿ𽥱ƽĽ治㲻, ü΢΢, ̬ʵ, ޿֡
ˣԶĶͻȻһŵضŲһѪۡ
΢һ䣬ԭɱڵ˲䱻, Ľ濰ü, ǡǡƿһƤ, һѪ˿
¶ͣ¡˹˵ţЩ˿ɲףôʲô
üĿ, ɫгȵָ쳵üġ
Ԭڡ
Ԭҧ, еĳɾĨ֮˵Ĳ, Ѫӭ, һѪźһȣͣ¡
λԬڵ°ʮɱֻʣǰ/˸ȻǺµİشԬʬ廹δȴӶ
Ԭһ, Ťͷȥ
㣬쳿Ю橵ŮӣĿ˵š
ߡץ橵ļ, ˵
橻л꣬˼Ƭ˵ץۣҰ£𣿡
һֱĬŲ˵̧ͷǵ橵ļ˵ţࡣ
СеȵСֲ佩Ӳֱ
һϸë
üֻһ˫Բڴ۾һֻСè
šͻȻȵ
ǰĶ࣬Լȥץĺ½
ҲߣҪһ𡣡۾α橵Ĳӡ
ȥꡣ橵˵š
ߣüĽ壬һ˫۾ˮģǿ˵š
㣡Զ亰һ
Żɿ˵ǾͶˡ
üѵصһꡣ
֪޾ֻǽǰѼﲱϵС
橡˿û˵ľȻţ𽥳ԼߵŮӣĳ̾
ΪΪϧֱ˵ȶ϶һŮӴڣŷԭ÷˵ļƣֻϧΪʱ
Ťͷȥ쳣ɫ侲עǰӣˣ
ȻҸţԭǰʷ򣬵лǧԮűҶЦ˵ţŶ쳣ʮǰӹȶ
ʮδ͹ˣš
΢΢һЦǰҸԸִ̰ܣƫ˼֮ˡ
޾η֮ĵģͻȻü˵㾹Ȼ߱
𾪵۾
ʮǰǣۣ֮ȶ٣¥սʧ񶼲Ӱս΢΢սĹ
һŻع˹ƣǺļ̳ˣϸ֦ĩھƳ𰸡
ɱ橲ŵ˵ţ
Ǭʮһٰ쳵Ŀϣ¶۸п֮ɫ࿪ʱʮ꣬ͳ˵ڶ״ԪɣһӶҫ۰ԣԲλࡣ
ϵЦٿ£ĿдԹ֮ɫأͬʮֻ꣬һӴںڰУǸĵط𣿡
橴㵣ͬطЩ߱ɡ
ǰֲס֮ɫˣ΢΢һȻЦںڰҲҫۣкڰ֮ˣǽʳҲڣĿ
ü۵ʹ³һˣûʲô˵ģȻỹҪͷ˺ǳһ˳ء
Ĭѹ˽ؿ쳣ڴ˿̣ͻ
ԭһֱſ橻е겻֪һСյֿ׼ش˽ȥ
λþ׼󴦣˲ʧȥս
Ͼ˭Ҳעֻ꣬һֻСè޺Сϡ
ָ΢ԭָ쳵Ľ˲䳯ͷȥڣ񲻿ɵ
¡橵Ĳӱۣһ
бֻգۼ䷢
ǽɽأᴩ£ѣȥץ橡
һֱվߵԬŻعָĹ
ʱĶϵ橺սС
ܿ죬ҵľͱһסˡ
ֻǱûܴˣֻǸѾȴˣѪӿ˳Ⱦʪ˰Ұ
㣡쳱ţȫϼŵĵŤͷȥվס㣬Ҳŵ̬
Ҫˣʲôò۾ŭ
̧ԬͷҸš
ǣԬȭӦ£´һߣ
ʼʰо֣ץȫߡ
Զ橵ͷŻе꣬µһֱǱס۾һʱҲ֪˵ʲô
Ȼһֱ赶ŪǹӲôɾ
Ŷ걻ס۾Ϊﻹں£ļ򣬴ذοţᱣġ
ǶΣ˽ɴ̫ˣ
ˡҪ˦סԼ۾֣ȴ÷ֻ֣ܶͷӦ¡
𣿡ǰѾѪ˿ڣü
ûСҡͷһи;üЩۣɶ˶
ꡣĲҪȥꡣ
ʶս֣ܿ֡
һ㵵ؿ
ңЩš橺ܿͷֲ׵ɿ֣һŰݵС
˭̵İѵóٶۣûв֮һΣꡣ
ֱϣС̾һ˵̵ģǰܵģûˡ
ͻȻüС֣С˵Сˡ
û£һظ֤ţ´Һܡ
۾һ
ŮԶ¥ϣͼ⾫棬¶УĺӰ
Ӧǰɡԥ˵ţ˵ǰҳߣֱǰŻ
ţʲô˼ͼš
ί˵š
Եҿİͼһ㶣ִЦš
ͼһ뿪Ѳ˾װģά°ͣ㿴ݼˡ
⼸ѿ˴ٰټŲòֲҶԿ˵
ͼĬƬ̣ϷŵЦ£չµɫλӣ㿴λ
ŻӣԥƬ̺С
ͼݶ䵭ҵǿ˫
ɫ΢䡣
 
ҸҩֹѪۣѹϣͷ˵
΢΢ƫͷܿϻ֮ȥѪζüܾţԼ
ŤͷŽߵˣüü۵ʹһԸ ΢㣬ɻֱָеҩƿŪ˺һɳſ˵㿴÷
һͻȻòԾŤͷȥȴü۵ʹޱ飬ȴǽ
ʱеĶ顣
ôˣʶʵ
̧ͷȥ˫ڵ۾⴦Ѿһ㾪˵ɫȴίôҡ
һ㶡
˵ɫͻȻƽ橣ֱ˫ۣ֮ǰʹ㡭
ǿԺͺ𣿡
ҹ£ܿƵʳڣȴδ𰸣ͱŴϡ
գһע˫峺˫ͻȻһüۻʹҿҲʳеĻ
ˣ÷ҩ˵š
üĪһ˿ŭûþͲÿڡ
ȥ˿ɫ
˵ѵÿζ˵һͲ˵Ҳٲӵδ֮ˡ
ǰ
ҪںȥĻȥĦ˼Ψˡ
Ҳ·ˣҸȥְƿҪ뿪
һץס󣬰ϡ
˵飬°š
˻ƵỺĿͫУ¶һ˿ɬΪ֮ɫ
˵Ҫ̹ףԬÿ춼ͺãֻҪվԭأҾͻԼɡ
ָսĵҪУŪֻҩȴһܡ
ԭ䵭ɫڿѹֲסίУͻȻЦһ
ü
ҲԼϵѪζ˵ţƿŲѪζ
һ㶣һҲûӦ
㡭㲻ǡ
̾һν͵ֻǲϲζ
ٿػϵЦҲڵסȥ·
ţȥɣӽҲˡ輸ϵֹѪۣ׼ȥ
һòãһ·͸ֹĶע۾СţҺܿͻ
˫ɱϣͳĬдһ˿飬һʯͷ棬˲䵴β
ͻȻ۾
βͫʺڣëŨڣ
ǧҲܾá
Ԭ³ĿڹɫҴҳ鷿ȥȴſڱס
һѪζȥ·ء˵
Ԭ㵣Լ̧ţṵ̂ڰɣа
ӣü۵ʹڵؿ̨µˣ˵ţӸ˻ҩҪԡأ㶮ʲô
аɡԬҰһ죬ĥһ˿ζȵݸӿɣ쳽˲٣ֻǲ֪Ǽ٣ҪϢҲС
ˣ֪ġ಻ͷػְ˸ߣڡ
쳽ˬ죬ǵһ֤ʡü۲̧һ£һ˵š
ӹ֤ϸһۣ󽻵С
ǮۣߵزҲĿĳһЦһҲТʲ壬Ҳе
ʮǰҲʮ꣬Ȼ˴ĻĿͻȻһԭ
ôˣʡ
̧ȥѿڣû
Ǭʮ괽ɽʳĬƬ̺󵭶ڡ
橶ʱ˵ֻǽ򣬲ؿ
һֱ֪ս⣬ǵȫ¶ڴκУɽ֮ͻΧΪݲ㣬ѾղʳĶΪβƴһ¡
һλǶβҵʱ䣬ŻѾӷŭ侲
ܵ˲ŻŭѾֻһˣԽ侲벽Ҳܳ
ЩʵѾ鵽ٿ֮ˣڹֻǲĲ²ѡزӣЦŰţȴǱһƬ
橺ɼֻһҲ
ǿǡʮ򡭡
ǰʮɵֲסİ
ٿرۡ
˭
ҡ
ָ΢֤ʲظһǡ
ѾˣȻѾȫƻҲһϢԸ˵ⰲοš
ȴǺ˼ֻǼſڹĿ̲סһ
ΪͶܣһǽۣ֮׼Լ׸ڶǽضϴݣɴʲôô
˵ţսƲ׬Ǯҡ
Ѳҡ
橵һ
Ҽ丱ξˮˮ𣿡ͻأš
һŵͷ˵ӡ󣬰ҶŮǰһֻӡ
ôˣ
ˮˮǵαǰеĹкüĿ䵭Ӧս֮ǰľӸ¶ţԭЩһֱδá
˵橻˵ˮûΪǡ
ڼ顣
ĬŲ˵
ңҷ𡣡橲˼ţټҶɲ
ȨҲͬġζ˵š
ЩӴκ͢Ҳˣ¾ᵽ˰Ȼĵز󳤹˵ƻʱҩˣڴ֮ǰضҪȳȥǣٰҲ̫ȫȻˣڸвҪţꡭ
ӣдϢŻˮſڣ


77 Ѷ
ʮ, µһ죬îʱѹ, ѹ, ɫٳٲ
ѵ, ԺժĻٰ꣬ϾҪģïܣޡ
ȴĪЩ񲻶, ǰ˵Żˮ, ɫ, Ҵ븮
ڴ˿ֻ̣ԶԶش೤֮, һһ, һѴֱ, ֦˲ס, пһ̧Ŷ߿ȥ
ĸشٽĴӣֻڻɥʱ˫ΪϲΪɥ
ԬԬӰһæһ
Ԭԭɫ, һ˽л˳֮ɫʾѲ߶ǰ, Լǰ첽ˣкηԸ
ղżԽеĻһ࣬ʵ
ԬĬһᣬ˵
ɥ¡
пһǰ㣬ţǣǾŻӡ
Ԭ򴽣ͷҲ̧һ£С˵ӦǣŻˮһֱղˣء
֮ȻֹһЩã֮⡣
ŻӹҲŰꡣ
ټõŻСһλӣĳֱĸԾɼӡ
ȥѾһȻʺйճӣǴеϣϣ˵Ŀڰ/λӡ
ŻԸºͣ̿࣬λ̫ҲΪͣټϼγñоݣ𽥻ģŻֽȥˣֻʣһ˻ӡ
ɰ˻ӣǳ竡
Ҳ룬ؿһŷӦҪҰײ𣿡
ţӻ˵ɡԬ̲̾ס˵һ䣬Ż̫ʱˡ
ɥһ£޴ˣҲζ鲻ò˺
նҵʱǵȲõģһκðһȴľǱ߾ȼսۡ
ղѶ˭îžһ
ģʡ
ԬԥؿһۣС˵֮ǰŵķҡ
ңڹڣ橾š
ǰҹʱöóˣѾڹˡԬ˵š
˼Ƭ̣ʵڿȥ𣿡
Ѳ˾ͽѾȫٰǣ²ˡԬͻȻ̧橣˵ºƷ˵ȻҪ
һ㶡
ߺӶһֱȥˣҲύ񸮣ԡԬίš
ԣݼý泵Ʒ֪ͬˡ
ˣﴫˡҴҳԺſڣ˵
橲ü
ӾڹУҪȥɣ֮˵ԬӲͷƤȰš
ֻ̾׼װ빬
 
úԺȻԶ˺С·ϼˣҷߣͷҲ̧һµġ
ɽԺ֪ͬȴĵ֪ͬ
ףȫٰ˭֪ˮݣҪиݼҴ嵴ֻ·Ͽ˶ܴ
ᣬλȨأһ֣ӵһԺӣƽ칫ǺʹһڴУԺҲá
ǲ㡣
ɫģ״ա
ûеƣֻǿһȴְǷİˮ
ңü΢ʵ
ɫǴδࡣ
ĬţҲ㣬ͯ޹
ֻһźɫӣû˵
ңһĺӣǰ취£Ǹˣһ³ɣҲþŻӳͷ˵š
һһ
ǲǰ˻ӱĻʺһǡ
΢΢ü۴ź֮ɫҡ
ɲ˵ֻǰһſŰźɫϣܣԼɼһβ
˵˻ӵѡｫĵճŮ֣ͣββۣ˵ţˮϱ˰嵵ӣڶղҾˮȥˮңˮˡ
ҶɣԼʲô㻳˶£ҵѾȫˮʡ־ŻӵΪʱ䣬ǵȲˣ±ȥҪȥ
òҺͻʺˣüʺ󱳺ķҲңأڵʱͿʼܻ˼٣Щڳ
֣˵ѹ´£󳤹ı֮Ҳưá
˹֣˵֪ӳ˭𣿡
˭һ⡣
ҵ竣ɡ̧ǰɫ֮ˣ֪һֱɴӵ򣬵Ҳò㣬һʼȷʵ⡣
ɵʱ͸ٹһ˭֪дӣȻпദҲһġ
Цһٹɱȫ˺ҧʬ壬֮ʹ·ȷˣ˳
ɫ䣬˲ʧ
ҲǷųʵ۴̫ӵϢʺһ˳סת۾֣ȻΪθٹͻȻ¼޷ңΪȷܹԹԱ졣
֪ô
üһҲûɿ
Уɨǰ֮˵ɫΪ֪
ˣҲڡ΢΢һЦɫҺͰȥԺСסվɽʱǡɿˣ˳־ͰѼŴӻˡ
ȻɫԽء
ʾͻȻһ֣ߵ·ǰ˲߹ģĴٲҲҲ
֪ͬؿǳɫͫʣ˵ֻǴӺ;Ż䲻УͬѲ˸ϵ
΢΢̾һ
ֻǺƻеһ֣ҲֻԼڵһ֣Ϊѡ񣬹ټһºͣ˻˽ŻףֻҪ̩񰲣ϱͳһ
ԴĳƼȱ䣬Ҷ̫ˡ
ŵİŵѬڿյĴƮ
˵һڵĻδһ̸޼գȴҲ׸Եĵ
ӣ˺ʹһͬ빬ˡſڣ𣬴֮ĳĬ
ȥǡ²ҹǽսپΪá
ΡȻţ˵ͷκҲˣ׼Ҷľ֧Ѿȥ®ݣսһ
ǵȲˡ
һ
ȥɣ̥ȣٰ֮¶࣬ھŻɥĸӦ츮
š
̧ûм˵ȥ˼˵ˮҵӼǵõȥȥɡ
Ҫ橺һͬӦ츮Ųк֮ǣڿҪ˴߲Űġ
ڹľɥӣľŻްţڹйټҴŭʹյžŻӵĸ㣬С̫ҽԺѪɺӡ
וּ࣬ʧǵڻλϣŵ¹ŵˣȻǡ
ϵŤ
നԸ֪ģºֵСΪˮˮ߶ôȥôö˶˵ˮء
Ȼ⣬Ĵһ⣡
ŶʱҾ͸þġټ۽š
ü˳۵վڽһԡ
יּڵϣһԲ
ȥӽУиǸͻȻŭӡ
ټңֻʣ°˻ˣڸŻأԭºҪ½ң˿̻ڹء翹ѵȴɹùټԭ
ˣֻʣ°˻ӣʺİ˻ˡ
ΨһĶӣճ
۴ϣһ˲̬֣ǷϾ
ȥȥѹ˰ɣУŻΪ񸮸һƷĹᡣɫãƣرۣ˵š
ʹ
ޣȻطɫڵϽʥּĬƬ̣˵ּ
ﻹᣬҪ̫ġּǰԷοš
лйˡ۾ͨ죬ü۵ʹϸϸ˵š
ȶ㿪ڸˣټǱٲˣӼͻȥˡ
ٶй뿪
Ҳҡ
Ȱ뿪ɫ˲ȥָܵ׺ݺץʥָּӶҡҡ׹
Ѿæס˵ţﲻҪ̫ģӿǺãŻТ˳֪ˡ
ʰοţָȴֱۡ
Ż񣬰ӿϣ֮ŵ˵ٶȥϢɡ
šٶæ˻ڵ
ҪסڵһˣٶŹ£˵ǳˣû˸Żӱˡ
һ˫ŵۣ񱻳˾һ㣬Ļ۲΢ԣ˵öԣôСǾ͸ҽӶ¶֣չҾ͵սľڹڶ֡
ţһ˫۾ȴҲǸˮУҲһҪɱ
ٶ᣺ټҺúݵģ֪ȴŻӱ֪ͬ˵û
ͻȻǳ
ٶŷ˵ˣ죬ֻǼš
㣬ȥ˵ҴӦˡ֮˵ҶӦˣֻҪܸҶ౾óˣָʲôϵ
ĬĻͷţģԸ
أ
ټӣûڴùţȥƫϢҲݷ˸ȥչˡ
š
ң
ո˹ټҵ鷿
յĵһװ˲仮ƻ谵գ㹬ڣյôеɫŤ졣
ɱ
Ŀڰǰӣǲ£˿̵ҵҲóڴ೯ˡ
֮ƣƱˡ
 
橺ǰͷϻʪˮοһ̲ˮգܰ㣬һ˿Ҳ¶
Ǿͱɣڲȫȴûвֻǵ˵š
ֻ³ȥˡ嵲ţɫãʺղ̫ҽˣҪǴա
򴽡
Żӵ飬֪𣿡
֪һ㡣嵲ȥͻȻ˸ӣٺúݵֶΡ
Ѿȥ®ˣûʱˣ⼸շˮҵ顭
ͻȻ̧ȥ橣һ˫ڵڰչ峺
ͷɡվķڣʼͷ
ղµּֿд󣬴˴ֲҺһֱڣȻ˿Ҳǲ֪εǱ
ˮңƱرƵòҷʺͲܼ֣ǳȥҪԼ
䲻ɷϺ⣬ȴ䵭˵š
˵ãֱ嵲رۣ˵֪ˣҲҪչ˺Լһչ˺ð橵ģ橰һ°Щˡ
橵ͷذڡ
ɴ꣬ʯϣ߸ߵˮ飬Ũصˮ
ˣ󡣡£վȹڶʪˣֱӰᵽ档
빬ǰĽ͵ˣŴһ¡ʱһֱ˵˿̲ſʵŻӵʲôʱ֪ġ
Ĭţͬᶨؿ˵º󡣡
һֱģ
ңҲ壬ǶѲ⣬Ȩءڴб飬ȴ橣ܱ𣿡
һ㶣ֻ̧ͷһ˫ˮ۾ֻؿǰ֮˿ӵ뻳С
ûӦʱ䣬ְ˱ڻУεţ޲ðԼѪС
֪ΪʲôǾе㲻ģˮҵһټҲԴеˣ⼸һҪ㣬ǲ֡
Ũصģɢȥˮζ±䣬һе䣬һ顣
һؼҡ


78 
³һ, 裬Ʊա
Żĸڽʹټ׷ΪһƷ, ǧˮ, ּ, ƷڹݣƷµ顣
ֻ´綹һӵ˱㶼ڵع, ȻѾȻ, Ż֮ȥسƺͳʪ, שŴ͵ı䡣
ʺŻӣҪղȥԼҪǧˮա
ֻǻʺ䵭Ŀһվŵ, ΢Ϊ˵ţӲ, ȻطϢ
ٰһֱǸ
ݸսʱ, һ, ĸԸݼȫ嵳ţ˿Цƫƫӹоա
ʱѾľɫӣʱ˴, ƢֱӰ˴˳ȥ
ȢԳʱҶһʼЦȴ˼ιҵϷ˵ס
Ǹ, 󳤹ǸΪϿˣڼʵͬʱΪֻ嵼궼ãٰӦ츮˶Ϊᱻ
˭Ҳ룬ôȥˣȴһУֱȨµ֪ͬˡ
ڣŻʺ󶼲ò֡
лʺֻǹزܷϣҵѾΪŻ嵲ѣ˵š
ʺɫÿһЩ˵ͷܵ
Ŷӣ˵ͷǣ橵֣ȴûֱ뿪
ԭͰڵԽˣ˵ϣʺҲһ㶣ʶü
Щչ˰ѧ˲ҽ˹˵ţҴ߲Ҫʻʺָ顣
ʺɫ΢䡣
ǲѱ̫ҽͺš
治ɫĸҵĴ򣬿ɲܻˡ
˼ҵضúܣ˵õǵڻĿݼҵĵڶ̥Ů㹻Сġ
󳤹޲ƫƫΪ֮Ǵ󳤹
࣬˭ڴ󳤹˵֡
ݷҲῴʺ󲻵ò˵š
ҲһЩһֱ˵˵ţ̬ºͣЩΪչѧһ㡣
ǲҲǻСţȴڰڵҲЩԡ
۵ʹҲ˵ˣһĴţݷֻչţ
˺ͷ˵
ʺЩ嵵Ϊְڴ󳤹ϣһʱֻ²̨еࡣ
֪ͬ˿ȬݷϤϡһֱ˵ڣϸϸ˵š
չ˺ͬȻۡ油ϵãһȻ鴫
ʺɫ΢䡣
ЩڹдӲǰͷ϶ׯ磬ͷһԡ
ʺĹʺӣŹ˵ţ˵öԣ˵ǵҲЩ
ڻգزܻݷ˵ѾҲݷɡ
λǾһ⡣ζš
ʺԣ³һŽӲͷ
лʺǣ橵֣˵עУ񶨵ȥƫϢ
ʺ۾뿪ҧҧһȴ֪ޱעɫ䡣
᲻̫˵㡣ڣһСš
嵰ڴϣν˵ҪľԽԽȫҪǧˮ£ʺһϲ˸ϵ
߿ûһˡϣΪ죬ţŪҲЩš
˭˵ġһֻۣЦ˵ţһߵġ
ۣŶЦЦҲᡣ
΢΢۾
㲻øղľٶҲ𣿡嵰Լš
ȷʵЩ֣ʺʱɫˡ橵ͷͻȻһ㶣һתԥ˵ţ˵վߡ
ҪܸŻӱ𡣡
嵵Щ굫Щ䡣
˾ȥϢɣҲҪһˡҲϱӺֱӱ׼˯

ɫòϣǲﲻ
嵱˵ţûУ̥˫ܡ
ѽһ¶ϲɫ
šѾһ˿˯⣬˯ȥǰһ䣬ǻʺѾ߹ѡ
Żգ۾͹һ룬ٰڷ磬ӵǧˮڷֿ֮磬嵺һڵϢ
ֻǽ橺һڣ˲оյĲͬ
橸о˵߶Լϣ˶üȴֺܿ첻ɫؽӹ㡣
ʣգҿɲиʺһ࣬ŷ飬ü˳۵ţΣʱ⳯飬ǿɲʧ˷ִ硣
ΡȻһҪ橻ȥ
ңһ¡˵š
æǰ
ΣʺͻȻ̧ͷš
ġ嵵˵š
ݸչȷʵĿϣ˵ţҲչ˳ĵˡ
橵ü˳ۣУֻǵ˵ţչ˰Ȼġ
沺õ鰡죬һ˵š
ʺɫһֶҡҡͷ
ȥɣϢɡʺ۲Ĳ˻֣ʾ¡
վڵ⣬ɨһ۵ƽ̨عŵƷھˣ΢΢
ڻñâڱʵôˣ
ˮ·ˡ侲ջߣղŴдһˮ֣ҸղſһۣˮϷ˰ƷھӦҲڣѾˡ
橳ĬƬ̣صӺ˵ӳˣ
šϣǸСŮء
ݸء橲⡣
ʧЦҲǵģΪô£ôʲôҲû˵
ƿʳָô£һ̡
ߡ˵š
Ȼһͷˮվϡ
ܿ촰߾͵һӰӰһΣһζĹ⣬ܿڡ
С
С˳ְѴϣڵĹ˲ʶվںڰУѷ򣬵һ֪޾Ӱӡ
Ȼ֪С书ȴ֪һžȷСҲǳеİ
Сô
Сȭ˵빬ˡ
˵Щˣ֪ϴʲô𣿡սپš
ټߵİйԴˮϷˡСȻ֪˵ţڷ˺ʹȥǰ
֪ˣȥɡ嵵ͷ˻ָ
СһƬƮҶӣǽһƿĴգ۾ʧǰ
Ҷ޺ۣѵˮһ㡣

橲ɾ̾š
ͷĳ˵ţǸɵܵû˵Сһ书ǿİ𡣡
ҡҡͷ
ˣСҲòУֻתƻ⣬Ǵǳˣ²ҹǽֻʣˡ
̵
ټеӣָڲ
˵ʲô
ߵף˵涼ڴǬʮ괺Ĳɽսܣǵʱıǰйкˮ١
˵˵
ӣǺܿ侲տڰû֤ݡ
דּĬţ
˵
ˮҲ֪Ϊη˳ֵ¼ʱ֪ͬƹܵѲ˾ڸѲߣάȴץǱʮˮʡ
һֿɰ鳹ֿˣֵɥۼĶ࣬һʱ¾ͱб۶
ҲӱЦţɫǲ˽žŻӵɥ¸˷ˡ
˵ȥͻȻſڴһϤ
¡
ڽƤ
۴վǰɫһԲ
ټң֪ͬм¡š
һ˵
ɫۣɫ£ۿͨ죬ڵϵͬʱó׼õӵȥ
ԭǰйкˮӣɵǭǧ
һ㶣ۣҪ֮˵ɫ
ղŲ˵ˮͨϢлڴǲ˷ˣȴֻҪǭǧһľٶҲûС
Ժ飬֪ͬԼİǡһеӣƵϺɫ
΢ɫƽ˿ΪˮҲа֮Ҳ˾飬ǷӱҲһЧȡ
ţ֪ͬƹܾɣ¾Ͱ˵ģ˾ΪԺ֪ͬó棬ɡ
δҹζֱּ࣬Ψһִ԰߸߼û¡
Χּɫӹʥּɾسȥˡ
ۿȻȥһ
Ҳ°ɣѲҽټϣ˼Ƭ̺˵
£ոճ˹ű㿴ԶվںһԱ˵ƺܵוּߣ̧ͷȥ
ԶԶһۣԸȥ
ʥּˣǺ¹Ա˵š
ټԭΪҪһţڷֻҪһܽ£ʱǺ޲õңʥּˡʥּݵУҲˣøɾ
ȻǹԱӹʥּȭȥ
Ǳһаá˵ûųСˣֻ˾Ǳһ᰸̾ȫ඼յС
š֮ǰһۺ̵ĴţĴţ㹬ڣ߽ףǵĹټΪԼƿһУ
ȴʥּпһ£ŹܼټԽ
²ࡣݺ˦˦ӡ
ҹǾŻһҹЩһֱ˾һֱѭ浸أڳ۶ӣΨɣյ
ټҿҪޡСŻѬ㣬˵š
šҲЩˣۺܿ˯˹ȥֻһĪһʮǰجΡ
սܡ
ȫû
սʮλս
ٰ
ҪѹȴôҲѲ˯ʹſ־塣
αǲԸģ̫սɼۣ֮е鶼αľ
Ըһųľ治òǩگ飬ȴһֱԹߡ
Ҿʱǰġ
ֻҪǰһȻ֪Ѷˡ
˵
ǾƮƮĻͷ
ǰֻҪССһͻЩ֪˵ġ
ӲΪʲôһҪĻʲôϱͳһʲôոʧأվ˵۵ˡ
Ĭ˲ҵľٶ
ɲ룬ҹ󣬴вǰͷɢ˹ŴѪսͱ˻
ɽʮͻΧʧܣȫû
ģֻǶǼݶѣĶû
κʮʮĽǶ죬˶Ѱ
һ⡣
ҹڵʹ飬Ĵ׹ʱʱ˺һյл̡̻
۳ɢۿǰڵϵˣͻȻЩ
ǹڵϵӰӣһֻƴޣһ˹
ۣһ
ټңСžֵ
۴ͷĻƣ֮Ų˲ͷĺʲôʱˡ
îʱʱ
šټұһ
յٰƺдףд
ټңߵ칬
ſڣй˰ںȻԵɭ翡


79 
³, ʱ硣
ǽˮˮעڶ, ˮã, ˮڷ, ܱˮĻʯϣһˮ
ͲɡϣСӽӶ, ɡСŲò˫ֽɡ, ûбöķƷ
ǽӰƵӦҡҡλεصӳǽ, һȵϱˮЮ꣬ŷ, ˰·˶ʪġ
Ҿҹ˺̵
ôˣ۱꼶ˣϸج, 񶼲̫, ž, ţ빬ʲô
ҴɫۣϣͷڵˮڵûһѾʪˮ, Ǳ
ڵϣͷأһԲ
ۿ, ȻѴ˿̵˺ǸĲһһ
ҹҲ㾪ױ꣬ƽضĻ۵ơ
ڹӰأֻˣһ˹ţһţһվţģȴƵĳһʱ侹Ȼмʮʱ⡣
㣬ôˣһһľףͻȻ˯Ǹֵֹޣһɰ˰Ƥš
ָ΢˵ͷøֹǫָֻ̬ܿһЩ򶨣ɵסľ
ˡ
Ļ£ͻȻһףһ޴׳糯£̵˲һж޴Ρ
۶һɣüʶһʵʲô
ץ쳣쳹˵격ɽ顣
ǰһڣ̱ϣͫ΢ĿãֵؿŲңʲô
ҧ΢ߣ֮ǰọ̈̄հԼ쳣ȥң糯ͬʷ̨Ҫ۳Ǭʮ걱֮¡
ſڵڴϨ𣬱ͲĴڴ˿ٿذ
ָڷһʱ侹Ȼ⣬ֻؿŲҡ
㣬㲻˵ͻȻڣץһһ㣬ź𣿲µһʧ
һ߲Ҫеһж¶һֲֻ̿ӣŴܵطŭ˻š
ָȭĬƬ̺˵ԻȶŵͷЩһֱȴݣ˴Ϊ˲¶ٰȴ֪ô˱ץˡ
֪Ϊαץˣȫû⣬ֻظһһ仰
̧ͷעŸ߸ϵۣ˵ټңмˡ
෢͵ӡ
һʼĿľΪ˳鵱飬ǽˮʵ֡
ͽӱǸǻԡ
¶ʮԼ棬㲻֪٣ԭΪѾ˳ǣǰղ֪ںֽ쳷ֿ󣬸ֵĵַ˶Ź
ݲڴ
ЩΪ˲£ÿӱʤ
㣬㣬ôҪ£ôȥ飡ŭţֹͷ£Ǹ˶֪ɡ
ȥ̧ߣ˹ټҵĻҧгݵѲ˾˵ʱȥʱѾ˴򶷣
۴ؿһŷӦ
Ѳ˾Ȼң
һʱ䣬ǸѾ߹ټҲǼʶģ书ô־ܣ΢֮ǰ㲻⡣
ʧǵţ籩ֻͷۣһ¹ŵĲҸӾü֡
ڿ׼Һ޵ǸͲ°ִ󣬺޲ֵԽԽãץˣһӾҲˣ˾ãô޿֡
Ͷ֪֮ʵ
һ֪ˡ
ͻȻ˸һףһ˫˫ֱںڰ׹һıţ־強ѹţ̿ţ˷硣
ɽսܵۡѪʱõجΣںú¡
ɼʹˣƫƫǲҴԾ󻼣Ψɱ֮ǰǨŭٸԭְΪ൯ӣֻа
Ȼһ£ڲجΡ
ټ侲
Ҽ˴Ų˵æߵ˵ͷٵˮʱʱֵкһˮʯͷӲ䡣
һ侲˵ϧֻǹټȴܱ⡣
۲΢һĪŲˡ
ǰҵһжΪ˴డ
Щ񰲣˳ټΪ龫ǣȴһֱϴͳһϱͬڳ£Ҫɰвټңƻټ
Դǵ˵ţһףɫȴǰδе档
ɫ΢΢תҲֱͦһЩ
֣ܳȻټҶԱҪŹټҶȡ֮Ǵ治˽֮١
ָ΢ɫͻȻ䡣
˵úɴϸǺ£ݼôûкԭ򡣡ĵطţҿǴ˿̷ֱǹҪѵġ
⣿תתظš
ټѵˣ꺫Ϊζ˵ٺôԹޣֽԼļʼ˲֪ˣڵľƷƹټҡ
޷ҷʿй⻼ߣԸ滻ʮƽ
ȻƭԼ
ɫΣ
һ̧ͷ۾ڵŹ΢Ĺ⣬ϵȧڴ˿Īͻ
橡
 
һҹ컹δ橾۾ŵ׼
˯ˣԺ
˯ˣ˵ջٵҪһЩ˳ȥ
ٵǸٹڹڵ޵
ٹºҪ½ң޵ʮѾߣʮ֣ȻҲҪųˡ
뿴û歡¶һ˫ۡ
橵ͷ
ܴȥң֮ǰΪ˸ŻŽ˭ҲȥմҶ½뿪ˣҲڽշųˡ
ش˸ǷҪҪټּģЩ˵ټּˡ
橲֪ЩأԲü½ˣѵҪһֱš
ټҪˣɶúܡ嵰ӵűҺͿڻˣϾŻӵ飬ĶҲͣסˣҵи취
Բϣ̧͸ͭ嵣ü΢΢𣺡˵
嵵ͷЦеؿһ䣺
ֻҪ˵Լ⣬һɵġ
Դ˵ʺѾöǡЩΪ˵š
嵲ԸڴϣǴ˸Ƿɢɢؽš
㿴ͽˣʵȴǻ˻ʺڹټе˵ڹô꣬ЩѲģǹټһ¡
𣬸ղ˴˻ſڷ
橺嵶һۡ
˵橳˵š
ŽվС˵˵ҴҲڹΪ̶ڹ½Ҳһйȥٵ˼ɡ
ͷһ٣˼۾
ȥ˵ȻֱӰˡ
һЦ÷ȥ˰ɣչڵˣ뻪ٵҲԶزҶ֡
ҹµô˯òο˯һᣬѰһߡ嵽ֱ꣬ű˯ˡ
ЦҡҡͷҾˣŪ歵飬Ѱ㡣
ﴫһ
橴·ͷʹŷŻٵȥ
ٵǴλüãټΪ˸ŻѡǧˮҲǼõĹҪǣԶ
ԶԶ̨ܿʶĿ¥Ρk̨ʶĿɾӡ
歴һɫ˿ĺȹһͤء
һμҪһ֣ƺһܵ¡
橡ɫ䵭˵Ȼ˴ҳ
ĿϣĬ˺һ΢΢ƿߣ㣿
š橵ͷʰ߰ɡ
ӣ̬ŵ̨ףֻﴽЦһ˵ʰʲôʲô𣿡
һ̣˭Ҫϼ¡
üҼҹ㡭
񡣡һס
ȴǱðһ㣬һۿ橣˭Ҫģ䵽زΪ㣬װʲôˡ
˵ҧҧƲ˵ȻңҲýˣԼؼҼɡ
˵˦뿪ˡ
ķ֣ŭصһۡ
˼橸ţûҹô꣬治·
ٸңŤŭͺţҪͬ飬˭֪⼸յ磬޸ң⣬ŸŻӹ鶼ȥˣҲòʡ
һ㶣̧濴ǰ֮ˣüҲ˼
ǣ
正㵽ڻҪ𣿡Ҳգֻɫһ棬֪Ҳ˼
˫۾ˮǾѾʯȾһ㳾˪
歱ĿעţԼƿߡ
ͫеԼʢװȴĪԼ㲶΢
ĥĥһ˵İ
ȥֻΪ正ҵĶӣǵŮǰ;δɿǰߣǰԱұӻڲܱҲ¡
ԣ΢˫ȭ
ֻϣվ㻹˲𡣡
һۿ΢졣
ˣֻʣˡ
ҿǲܣǲһߣҵߣ÷㣬·ϲΪ㡣³һ˵Ҳˣ㲻صǡ
Ͷӻؼҡ
վԭС˵ǹء
Ҳһģȥ׼ôԼ߻ȥġѵ˵š
Ĳ鲻Ը橵עӣֻűӳ˵롣
һۣͻȻ˵ҾҪ뿪ٰ
ԣһ¶΢΢Ц⣺ȻԣȥӦ츮·ұú󣬾˸
˭˵ȥӦ츮һ£ͫһŭ˭˵Ҫȥ
һǸˣԸƺܴһ˿ݣģҲЦ˵ţǱ㲻ȥߣҪȥʱ˵һ˼ɡ
˫ȭգݺݵһۣһ˦ӣֱӲˮӣŭ뿪ˡ
ֻ˵ѣ㲻ȥ
橵ּᶨ
歽Ųһ٣ǺܿͷҲصˡ
Ŀ뿪ת׼ǧˮ
һת㿴һɭڵ۾ڱؿ


80 
ûҵˡ
ٵҲûˡ
ֻȥٵ, û˻
ϺɫǱ׼ӣһܵˮ
ϾҪ糯ˡ
ڹڲܴ, վʶȥս, ȴһ, һʱɫӲˡ
ô᲻ءȻ˵Ҫ嵣橳ٳٲ飬嵵˲䷴Ӧæʰɾˡ
㡣վܵ, ü۵ʹ, ŨܵĽë˫ڵ, յı񣬳Ŷ䡣
ҷߵ̨ϣͦŶһ;Щ, ˳һȺϣü΢΢𣺡ûҵ, ôʧء
ҵ, ҵ, ˡ
飬ĸţԴ˰æѰˡ
СŴһŵķҴ˹
ôһءֻзһˣһһɫ䡣
ɫеһǱһ
ܵͷ, еһţδվؿڣͶӳ˵Լ, 뿪ûãһʱ䡣
һ㡣ʱ䣬˼Ƭ̺˵ţһʱ벻ʹ
ţ֣һʲô԰ϸϸš
ţִһ࣬Ҳ໰ֻϸ˵
һʳǵĴֻлʺ͹ټҲܾסٹܱ¶ƸסڻٵŻˣһĽųҲֻĵ÷԰Ͱٻˡ
ɫͻȻһ䣬Ťͷȥ
޳ѻü˲ѹͣʱݶ˴ϢĿأ˲Ŀ⳯ȥ
̨ͤ¥ʯˣڴζϣ㹬Ǳڸǣݻ˵ۡ
סŴϵˣǰǧ˰͵λϣλ߸ϵľȴΪһ˽Բϧһٴ
峿ķһ˿ȵĳ⣬ԻŽصԺдö΢ģȴҡµĽëڷгĬ
Сͺһ𳤴󣬶Ҳ˽ⲻ˲ֱӣü΢ûʳڣתţ˵ţˣ橴ǳˣ߲ˡ
⻰˵֣ţҲѰˣֻǸţһᣬоգˣūдˡ
ЦŵͷĿ뿪
ôˣһߣ˲
ҧҧС˵ҹʱͣʱݼҴš
 
ʱȻͣɺڵˣصѹ񲻶
ݼҴֻߵȻʧСͯһҹδ˯ͷؿСȥˣȴſڿһˣ뿪ʱֻһѪ
ݼ˲𶯣ƻԴǼѪİǰ
ѪһŮ˵ȹһ۾Ϳ·빬ʱʽ
иŻһԼʲݿţֻ֡˼
Ͳҹô᲻ʶ֡
һвš
îʱδʱдѶ糯ʱ̿
һĶڣֱ˵ؾڽ糯֮¿Ҫ˼С
ʲô飿üţشܿüˮҵ£
ѱ壬ĿƽʱѹγɵߣƽŪƷī
һ빬̾ˣȻһڹҲ׼ֻɲ빬
ߵǰ΢΢̾˿ִյֱϣǱѾظӡ
Ժ֪ͬеӣڵ׺ߣ˿֡
ǳ͢Դλ֪ͬ٣һݣϵҫȴһѵ
һͷĵ
벻ȴǣԼС
ɱģˡ
ʾ꣬Ϊȡ֣ΪƣʾΪʾζΪԼ˵翿ԾȣƣҲǾѡ
ë΢΢ţıڷһ㣬ּѶȥ
ʪķ紵Ƿɣ߸ι̶ŷ˿һ϶¹ᴩ壬ڼžԺгĬ޷ʯ
յ
ƽϵۺۣصصݵֱߡ
ӱ䣬Ƿָʱ׾ٵظоּĶ۸УֽӹǸӣдġң󸻹
ɣǵʮһƪģ
ʮʱ䣬ΪԼ׼
ߵһԼǰʱϽǸʱŴʬɽѪʱ
𡯶ֱԺС
еһжⱾƮƮϣȴԱϵһӡ
һǺΨһŮȻˣһʮĴҹλʱ֮ȥجΡ
ƫеļʱһʶÿһʱֲᷢڹڳ֡
֮һһ˶䷢飬˼𵴡
ʱˡŵǿҲ²ȥֻãȻ˵š
Ժվ/˸ȴְ紵š
еӾǲƬֻıЩƬ飬ǣ۵ɫһ˿ɫͫ״ֻһĹ⣬չ½īᡣ
Ѫʵʱнʪģգһ۾Ʊ׺ɬʹࡣ
̧βǲ֪ʱĺ⣬ʺѪе΢΢£ֻһϸ΢ȴɫƳʵĽҲղ
ǰֻǿһ۱ҧҧĬĬƿߡ
һһѵѡʱѡΣѰ
Ҫۣܻɽգ̵۾ۡ
ǧ׹ǣɳѪкڽŵףڶߣʮ˵ڵϣʬɽǰߣʮ˵ѪɳУɰʯ飬Ѫȳ졣
ĳĳɳļǳɽͳһ̶ȥǽʣͷѪ޷ˡ
·ȴ˰һˣںڰг֣ʱΪһյƣʱʧõСȸǺڰ΢ᶨ
ҵֶεǺݶ
һֱһԳĬķͻȻ̧ͷǿǱϡ
ӱ˫ֻսֻǿŶ᲻ŵ࣬һ±һһ±һ¼ᶨֱ󳹵ء
һ򲻴ϻۣȴڴ˿ͻȻĶı壬һңִһ˿ŭ
㣬Ҽҹأ˰ͳٰģ˵չ˺ġ
ǰһķŭǱӣƽš
ģھҪҼҹ𡣡
㲻ݸʱ御ȶԲѾһˣڣѡȥĹΣ硣
ۣڲԵţѡģΪֲʹдº飬Ҫд˽վͲᷢˣΪʲô빬ݼҵʲô¡
ҲʲôʲôܣҲʲôҪҾҪҼҹ
ȥȴݺ˦շ˷˵ĽڻǼȣα塣
ʲô飬ΪʲôΪʲô˵ѡǷǣ÷ǣҲǣҲǣ˶Ŵţ˭˭ͽ˭ǻ쵰˭ǲˡˡ
أˣˡ
ʲôûˡ
֪棬˻ߵشš
ĹˣΪʲô˶ѡзΪһ𣿾Ϊֹ޹ܾ
˵㻹ˡʱһѹΪǸݸ߸߼ҧߵȴһˡ
񱻷ʯ񣬽Ӳվԭŷȴһ仰Ҳ˵
Ժаֻʣ·ǱĿ
飬Ҳʶ֣͸ߣһȫ橣ģģȫԼҹҺ̫Զˡ
Ҫô죿ٿһЦʮѪвݲɫ࣬ʮ򱱷
ɽΪټųΪ̰ȨʮˣʬҰѪɺӡ
ɽ֮Դ޶Կκ֮Ϊ˻ΪˣֻΪȨų˽
εѪĴ̾һḶֻۣ˭Ҳû뵽ǾȻ޳ܣеһжѹһ޸֮Ůϡ
ӣҲû취õȥһ˿󣬴ݼŻ֮ȥѪ⣬ľս
ۣ˵ӿ¡
һֻ࣬ܲ԰׵ذοţѾҲȥѰˣǲһٰ
ǾƹˤءĨһᣬʵطš
ǲأǶҹˡ
ҵʱ򣬹ѾͻȻ˸˶ڷǾǲҪˡ
ûвҪҲ᲻Ҫġһ
嵾ȵ̧ͷ
СûһǸȥˡ̧ɫѩףʯӳüּᶨ˵˵һԽؼҵġ
ˣһӱġ


81 ¥
ʱ, һʱ͢ڿʼ
߸ϵĵɫͷʮī켣üĿʹעŵĳ, Ŀ, ٵڶλʱ, ΢΢ۡ
λĲûҹǱ֮ɫվǰλãɫ侲
ƺĵ⣬ֿǺɫ, ʵȧ, ϡüëΪɵѵòٿ̱
, ˳ǰƵسһ
Щҹ꣬Σա
ݴ, گǰݣ®ס
Щǽֲµ, ŵҲһ, һ¹ټҺԺˡ
, п˵ֻһغǮĻ
˭ټǰЩҪ£Ƶİ˳ȥɺ˭Ҳ˵
®ݼԺԼѡɿڡ
һǾ͵ش®θ, ᳵ·һǴӱȡûʶ, ټĴӱˣ֪ͬŲ
Ȼ¡Щ̸ĻȱȱΪĿʼϣɫ֮ӳĬ΢΢
̫ȴҪޡ
΢Ҫࡣ
ϵɫ΢΢Ӳͫ΢岻ǰ㣺㣬Ҫ£
˸̧һ˫۱㵹ӳ⣬һŻƮߡ
ɫ򶨣ɫѩףԽԵñǸĿüڣʱǸµľ죬ӭ죬Ӳ¡
ˮһǣʮǰαܡ
ٿһվĿضŵ֮ˡ
֮˶ϢվţֻͷһҲҶе̧ȥλ֪ͬ
Դཨǵڶλڶʮ;ͳΪ˴֪ͬˡ
ᣬĽҫۣǹ⣬ҫҫ޷˵ϵһλĵ·
һλѾڴϱͳһ·ϣȹֻʮ괭ϢĻᡣ
һڳϲ̧עɫ򶨣
һ̣ͻȻ˺һֱ׷Ѱˡ
ò
 
ҵ𣿡
ſڿ
Ͳʵ۵ĺ̵ûˡ
򴽣С˵
üָеƷȥϵһֻͷëϸ壬ſɡ
Ǵ󳤹ӡ
пʲô
Щ˽϶࣬ѰµˣһʱҲûﲻԡ
Сû

һֱֱµ˿ź̵춯档
 
³鵱α̧ͷɫ㣬ӳڴ˿Īɽһս
ðؽЩˡ
֪޾ţ˵ӰŤŤصӰڵϣͺڰվˡ
ʮ򱱷ӢңԶĲɽǧƮͽУ泤ȥɢƣɽˮڽϢǰ
ټվڰǰĿѪָ
㣬Ҫɽ㡭
۵Ļ˵격ɽգòǿͻΧǰѾͻΧɹ˲ɽɺĴκ֪ǵȥ·

ϡϡĽ̸
ǰȥģһǰǰʮĿǵһֲֻѡַڿ˼飬ͻȻɫһ䡣
ǰȨǲʮݵġ
˫ְŰͷϵʮīڻζҲĥ͸
㣬ȷҪ¡עζؾš
ҵĿҲϣȽϹټҵʧ̬⵭Щ²ؼģ
ֻվڿտĴУֱͦ޳ŵϵӰӰӶһƬ
бյͨܽȴӰӰأ޲
ۼĬǲɫһɣ׼ء
³¡
ظ˵
۰̧ӣɫӲһʱ䲻֪վĿ¹֮ˣϢ𽥳
顣
ȹټкηӦһڳϺٷվ˳
顣
顣
һһ˰˷ڿյĴڻصκˣٳ߸ˮѹ۴

ĺΪ˱Ҳ˶ڵϱͬ⡣
ֻҪȵŻʵۣɵµȫɱ
Ϊʲôƾʲô
Ⱥİǡ
ۣŲ輸ҧг˵㣬㲻ܡ
¡ҳĻ˵Ȼ֪ͬѡȻҲҪصģֻ˵˸־
ĿŴŶ˲迴ž;ú˾㤣ɱ
еһĵܣڵϣ̬ǫȴ˾øøߴȻַ
 
橱˵Сؿǰ䵶ɭɭˣһǱڵϡ
ǣܸĹܼң
ΪǸźڲˣü΢΢ͻȻ˵
һ㶣Ҳɴֱժ֣۾΢΢´Ӹµؿ̬ȲҲûнһв
ݷˡҡҡͷӦóƺΪӡ
ͻȻһ¡
ұ˾֪²֣οһټڱָʹóȻֻ߲ơ
ԭڹ׼ȥѰ㣬ȴһֱӴδߡ
мһԺֻǵöǹټҺߺ޵֮ͱһľͰﱻ˻ʹһʱ˽ٳ
ԭΪԼˣַЩ˲ϤһЩˣЩº֣бֻһ橣͵ǰĳͷʱС
ûãϺһٳ֮ˣȺڶѵһɱ橺˵СֱУݱľơ
ԭһǲҵˡ
ֻһԹټհĲΪҪӹټҵнߣ
ŰصСԼϵĶڸס˼֮ɫԲܸټҵĻš
ˣǻӰɡܷԷȫֿӣֻЦҡҡͷƺݺңҲǲԸҪġ
Ҵ÷԰ʲôüС𽥱֣⣬š
Ȼáܷͷŵ÷ں֮ŭ÷԰ɺү棬Ҫ˰æһ̽
֮ǰٹȥ÷԰ʱ˵ӴӵʱϹȳΪ˸˵ţϾ÷˵ŮҲ޾ϸؽ̹ġ
ָ΢ٿ̧ͷʵү뿴ү֮뿴
ܷԭȻмĿȻ󵶳ʣض橣СҪ
û¡橰Ű˰¡
ӵǴˡܷЦţ˿ɻ㿴ں÷
ǰ̫ˣⱲӻ˽һ㣬޶һ㣬ܱһ㣬ܳþá
ϸǺںû÷δ÷츻󣬽己أ˾ǧٳĺҴӣֻôҫҲ㵽ܿࡣ
࣬ɸ߼ܵĽ֮ȴڸǲסĶͼ
Ϊ翵ѪҪȥ·²£λΪ𣿡
̧ī峺ᣬʯȻʧɫ
ԣ֮ᶨط಻ΪҲһӡ
ܷЦһָ橵ü䣬ѩڲõչŴ۵Ĺ⣬һĵĲúͳЦ
㣬ѵʹ𣿡
ңҲž⡣˵ţ̧üǰ֮ˣ䵭η
ѵһ٣ϥ˽ɫ΢ֱӷʵ
ܷɫ䣬ֱ۽ٿؼôҲɱ㡣
ȻᡣѹżС侲˵ˣ㻹ô㱳˿ɺ
ߣ㵹ʶȤܷǰ˸Ӱ̵˲ۣ߰ɣҴӡ
һһֵغţ
Ѿ߷ˡСֹסѪ˵
ܷվǰʹȥͨ籨š
ԼϵĻƣ˵ţھѡҪҾɱҪĴϧզһ֡
橿һƵڣ⼸մ꣬ɽˮԽŨأüη

ܷһֹסĽŲ
ϵϺ֡ζ˵ţҾӣǿɵñء
üԥƬȴܷ³ϵϺ
ϵģϵ⣬ֻҪһۡ
СˣϵϺô橿ĺСֲϵϣ˵š
ȻںһƬ֣浽һҲ㡣ֲš
ǴܷҪȥץС
ֱӰ˱ڻУ˵׼Լ˭֪ǻ᲻·¡
ܷСɫףѪվվȵģ˼Ƭ̣ȷʵʲô˻ЦһǺôô¡
橲һң۾ֱӴС̤
С𽥷ӣüŲ߰οš
߿Щû˻ģڴŸտʼ糯ءܷվں濴ĥĥߴߴؽͷӶеߣ˵š
ϵüΪ橱ϵ⣬۵һ
û£Ȼͺˡע⵽СǵĿ⣬΢΢Сοš
һһ̤еľ˲Ȼһ䡣
һֱſǻգۼȫȥУӰüЩ죬ųжʧΪɫб滹Ҫڰϼ֡
Ҳɴ˽档
ǿȥῴһһĵط¼ɡ橰СʯͷϣԼȥһᣬָָλõһ
ǿէһͬдУڶľغ޲𣬿ϸȥͻ֣ᷢüߣɼ߼ϸ辿Ҷڶˡ
һűеҶ
ܷĬƬ̣޸֮·˵СվʯͷϣԼֻֿɵλãеĺ򶨣ʾһ˵
򲻴ȥȻһֵĺɫ棬ȷʵж
㰴¼ɡһִֻСϣһַֻСļĿеϣ侲˵
Ӳ̰ȥ֮ŷⰴťأҪķʮǣɺһһ˰æ
ôӣܷźߣš
ʹСϵֲֻļҧ˵ȻأʱǶΪҰá
书ǿˡ
ܷݺݵҪˣУȻҾɱѾߡ
橴СߵߣֻǱһֵľ룬üĿ䣬ͷȥ
㣬ȥһ˵ˣ˵ȷʵѾĵϡ
˺ܿͻˣֻʹüˣûһһ޴ģ֮Ŀضɭ
һС·ǳУ𽥳ǰ
СͻȻСһ䡣
ܷԾһһѾʡ
ǣܿ˶վסˡ
ضɽҡľھҡΣ濪ʼѣѸֿһ죬ǡ橺Ͳܷм䡣
ҷݣʲ棬ӣݣҪֱӰ
̱߸һѪ˱ǰ˼¡
ͬʱһֱͷ˵Сһֿס橵ֹסȥƣһֵǶ̵һɾֱӸϺߡ
ǿվţСʯͷ档
ֻۣﲻµġСվҲվסˣοš
ȷʵֻﰲȵƽأһ߸ƽ̨ɽݣмΡȻ
С˿һֿ۵ͷ󺹣ɳ˵š
ݸʯͷĸ̨һµ˶еڵطУ϶ºһ
ЩϧˡС൹µĴϧš
һЦǱдһ⣬Сš
ûǻþǸϾΪԻֵˣʵղǿҲľˣǿָϸ𡣡
Сʧɫ۾˺üۣûʲô⡣
ûõģҩ⡣ңС˵۾
С̧֣橼״ֱСĵز˲۾
ζЩۣܵգգۣȻûãǰľȻһ䡣
ǸͲֻһƬĿյء
ҲһƬƽͲǸղſķѵĲ״
ǻȥģСſյصʣһˣҲָ˰ûκһ㣬Сʵ
橿𽥺ϵķ϶գգ۲ȷ˵š
𣿡СҪ÷԰Ҳ֪ô͵ܽġ
һС׼ղô󶯾Ӧûз
𶯡
橵Ĳгֳһѳذס
һϢ
ûɱˣȻʧ߰˵һ˿ĵЦ⣬ϾǺںŮƶˣҺ˸ۡ
һɫĲǰ¡
Сɫ䣬׼֣ͽԶ
Ϊƺһϸ׵ĲһʺѪ˲Ⱦʪ졣


82 
С
橵ļδ, ˲ۣ۽ǲܿƵᣬ۵ֱ
˭Ҳû뵽ԭӦǧ֮ĴκȻڴ˴֡
ҪʲôС橵, ĿĪֵ, ɫš
书˸ǿ, ȫ͸ȫĻϢضڰ̵̬Юŷˡ
ȻҪҷˡ
еһ, ذ, ˹Ц, ˳ư˰뱧ڻУһֻ§һֻĲӡ
ƶ, ʵ顣
橱Ų, ϵ˿ڱһһ, ʱѪֱ
һɺľ
ͫ΢΢, ٿطӦˣ
Цأеȷʵ΢΢ս΢΢бɵĽüڴ˿̴һ˿аĵ⡣
ܷ˵û, ÿ졣
ֵֻ־ȫ橵ϸĲǽڷָⱻѪʪָ, Ƥ⡣
ȥ֡
ſˡСֳذϣŭ
һӣ۹ڣеһޱسСȥ
СûֻǱڵϴ˸ذﭵһס䡣
ôˡ
ɿ˵Цеɢͷ̬ףƸղǸҪɱ˵˲Լһ㡣
㲻ҪҴȥɺɳƵ˵ţҴȥ
Ȼеͷȴû̧š
˲侯ʲô
֮ǰȻҪɾЦ˵ţĿڵϵĽСϣָϳһѷ״ķɵ
ɫ䡣
ɱһ޺˵š
źĶŮһҲ
Цеأ۵ȴ䣬սѵ֪ߵغˣֵķɵѸһ㳯Сȥ
һֻȥе֣һֻȥһ˿ԽأѪԽԽ࣬ϵҲһء
ߣĿС˻Ƶغš
СܿǰɱڵķɵԽǱ
ߡ橶϶˵ţ˭Ҳߡ
û뵽һϢѾ߻ȱ£һʱɫ橾ĻɫԽѿ
ıߡгĬƬ̣ͻȻЦ˵ţ˵öԣ˴
ɽ橲Цӯӯ˵š
С·橵ĲۣҪ˵Ҳήࡣ
бһֱۣӰͻȻֵС·ȥ
ˡСֻؿдʧǰҧҧҪȥ
ڴʱһķɵС·ֱСĺȥ
С
橵Ȼֹ
Сʶס΢΢һƫŻһ٣ͫ
һСֱ󱳡
ˣУжС·ɫȻظ橵ĲǰϺõʯ
ǿżƤ񣬰ִ򿪣ۿ΢죺㲻˵
˵ĻҲšҲգ˫ֱü۵ʹעǴ
ߣˣСϵЦ˲ĿڿһˣɷȻеǰ취
橺۱еſڵϵС̧С·ȥ
ʧС
ڴ˿̣ԭڵһСָ΢
 
·ϲ֪Ϊһ˺üڶŹһʼû£²һ£һ̵ʬ塣
ͷѹڹϢȫϺŷһ˿Ծ
̵Ǳûʲô˵ÿîʱ֮ˮɨ֮ߣߵø˵Ϊ˱ܿټϢһǾ̫֡
̾ˮܹܡ
ɫأټҽˮͳȥֻǲ֪׼ȥôᱻɱ·Ϸʲô顣
Сûδ¹ۣҴǧˮһ˲ѿڱΡ
̾˵
ӣܷ͵ܽ÷԰֪Ϊδ˻أ͵ǵץס
ԬŴ󳤹ƣڻڹ³ûõɫؿ˵ţ˸÷֣ھȵ˵С
÷԰˲ϲ
ǣͻȻְѷץˣ˵ҪȥԬϵϲɫʧ࣬Ŀǰ䲻
û뵽оȻһ˵ȥݣԼȴٰ
Ϊ˺ģü˵ţκҲ¡
֮ǰΪ˲켺һֱɢһʾ޶أҲǴκˡ
֪ñ嵶࣬ܿƲԭɫ䡣
κڲγɽ֣˭Ҫƾյõأܶѹ硣
ָսתʱϺɫĹۻһĻȣ˵ȥ÷԰
֪橵ϢһȥԴ𣿡
ҵͷڹſڵˡ
ȥݾ仰ȻݸŰǻϸԸš
֮ǰ˵ûҷڵһλ𡣡ſͻȻһõ
̧ͷ˵ţôҲڹ
ѹü˵ֻǰ嵣һм⣺ĸȥá
ղڹԬϢѾȥˡģӷӲ˲٣߰ɣǻȥɡ
üлҪ˵
橻ȥҲ١岻˵š
ֻǵİ橶ѣҲ֪ôˡ
 
ʲôпǰһͨСüʵ
橲һȦ۵ĺɫ˵žˡ
̤ȴһץżιǣĴָ΢һι˲䴫ʹ
㡭
аԼߣһֻץļιǣһսذףߡ
ҧͷ֪亹ڵĽëʪˮ̧Ķڷ΢΢š
иҪȥվеλã̧ұʯڿȥ
бۣʯϵİťָ΢΢ЦһٿһΡ
ǼӲܷˡ
۵ұȫûֻܰżʯڣֱ۽˺һҧʹ˵ţûƭ㣬Уȥ
Һһ𡣡д⣬뿪橰벽
ҧòְ֣˵ֲܣŪ̫ˡ
мɫѩף۽ϻ亹ǱֿЦһ
Ȼһץ橵ļ򣺡Ҫô
ҪܰȥʯͷʯͷСֻ橲òֳʯϵĳ
еͷشǰ֮ˣۣƭҡ
֣ǿͻʯͷᰴ¾ֵܸܵһ΢΢𶯡
һֻҪ֪ģťǣž޴Ļء
橵ü˳ۣн̽εĺĿ⣬ƺۼˣʯͷ΢΢ѻڵ۽޹亹½ѱѪʪ硣
żİеİť
ťأҲò/˷ܿŵӴĻأ̰£ֻܻĵı仯
ֻ´һʯͻȻѿһϸ죬м䣬дϲвɸ
۽ʶ橿ȥͻȻ΢΢ƫƫӣӿֵ뷨ȥץ
ҧһѰ£˫ȥץ˲䣬Լ˴Ӿʯˤ¡
ͬʱǸʯͷͻȻ̳һ̣ȥ׼ɱߡ
鷢̫죬橵̼ܺͬʱб֮һ̣Ѫע
׼˱ͷˤ£Ȼصһ˲ûۣҺûˤϹͷһصͬʱʶֽŲɽϵ·ȥ
ꡢ橡
һ
пһֻҧʯȥҲ˲
ղһһطһΪ˴ǰʯһΪ˴ɱ/˵Ļء
еǸťһ˫أ֮ǰزɻȱһ֡
Ǻܿ챳صǿٵĳؽŲ
һɷףԽһͷֻҧŶѨȥ
еǸ书ǿĴ󽫾ڰͬʱ˲ܿҪԼ橵ʯſڵͬʱѾһƿպ
ֻñʹ˲ǰ˵ˤڵϡ
оȻֱӰϣ˿ȴɱ/˵
ߵʯ֮ǰİܵģɳĬطһһжϴһ㣬ӣ˴š
ͻȻһ˿ʡ
ûɺ浽ʲô֪
橡վǰй߶ڱ󣬻ѪŭضˤڵˣľսҶ̫ˡ
Ǹ̻߽۾ͨ죺ˣֻҪɱ㣬Ҿըɽʲô
ҡɫŤѪԼȻķˣ˱ŭɷҪʬΡ
橱ŵɫҰףֻ˫ֳŵأȥǸ𽥱ƽˣŵһʼ
Ʒ̻ϵѪζ橲ɾرۡ
棬󶨸һģϡ
˭
δףֻһ̶ģı꽻ڶ߼˲橵ĶĤԴ죬ţһȡ

ֻۣһ˳/ǹվǰһϤңθߴƾˡ
Ǹ//ǹŶſڵλãȻӡ


83 ս
ս, ҧгݵؿǰ֮ˣ㡣
ϳɫۣѻڽü, ΢΢ѹʱԽĵüĿ䡣
һ, //ǹڽ/ǹ/ͷֱֱָ, Ĺڱǹ/ͷϣ˶ǿơ
С΢΢̧βĻ续ʦΪһʣɽһ, ˫ī۾¶΢չ, þˡ
һ˺, һɫĮգۼ䣬ļ, žǱ̶ཻ, 䡣
˶ɱ, ʹöǴ, ˣֻһ¾ܸоһ˽ŵ¸һ㣬˿Ӱ첻еɫ
橿С/ƵСϼս̺ͳ/ǹÿһνܵ𶯣ſڳ
С, ѵֱǽվţɿ, ¶һöֵĽƬ
еһأԿ׾ǶڶſڣֻҪһ£ѨĻرˣΪű̴Уɥڴˡ
ôҲ벻ķ裬ȻɱȫԼûɡ
̼أֳô󣬸ôԶľʹʹ⣬ź۵òҷأ˾ٽһ㣬ֱ̾Ҫ
ߣ
еǲҪ뿪ȴǹ/סۿҪڴˣڴʱһڶѨٿ
ٿ̧ſͻȻֵĺˣͬʱ˴Ǳ˵뿪һ˲䣬̧ɨһ۶Ѩڵ橡
˫īɫ۾չ·ٹ
橴ԭʧԼǰûлֱһӰԼǰ
𣿡
ϻѪԲûпһ̧ͿȦۼҪȴͣ촦λãҿ
ǸʵķӣüĶɱģָû顣
橲Ѿɫϲǵ˿ڣѪֱȾ½մϸղŹصĻҳÿǽϵǱֿ
ۡһھͱԼһ
ɳƣһ۵
վҲվȵӣ̲סǰָǵϣͳɱ֡
ȵָϻһ㱡룬ֻֻڲ橻Ǿôʹ΢΢˶Դܿ֡
ۡе/ǹڵϣ޴ؿڴȥ˿ڡ
üһֳֻǽҪվֱǺܿ˱ڻС
ұȥָȥµѪ书ȻҲסղ췢ĳ
ᣬָŹ̵¶ȣһ龫µʯһ橵Ķ
һ㶣䲻ܿƵ
һˣһʹſɳš
С˵һֿڣǲ۾˵һأɽ·ϲ֪ΪγһʯҵȲͱԼˡ˵š
ʯͷԼ书ãֽ/ǹǿǿͻȻֵľʯ
Һüʱ
ղſһĻ˵ֱ۲ɽӲʶս޲ð˺Լһ𣺡Ҵȥ
˴ᱧ׼뿪ʱͻȻ橼˵߲ˡɺƿɽϰ
ͷú橵Ŀײһ
üĽ壬̯ģ¶öͭƬòڽţңˣɽ󡣡
ɽΣա³ֽ֣ţڣɽ
ɽ÷԰ҲҪĴ
ƽʱͰ⿪һ󷨵Ҳ֣һһ㣬橵֮أͻᱻ˽ɱߵ
˵ˣġü۵ʹעİƺֱӰ˱ǰ
˷£Ψһһźûбϵӡ
橳Ĭؿһ̣Ťͷȥңý𡭡
𣿡ʡ
ԥһϵͷ
Ǻ÷һˣﾯҪԴ򿪷ɺһһΪյǣֱнٳֵ
ڶվ
һδǶľηη壬ηطĪϤһȴһ̽⿪ܵĳ嶯
ǱȥĿһֱϣ״Ҳֻǵͷš
橾ȵؿ⣬ƺǲΪһ֮ǰǿơ
÷˵Ļһ뿴Ϊʲôȥڤڤ֮վòȥɺҲΪҪȥѾˡ
ָöɫӣɻüĿչĽѾʮ꣬÷ȥҲѾˡ
ǲˣŵһ綼ˣĽҲѾǽɣοͻȻͷЦЦβ΢΢´ԭŵ˲һɨգѾˡ
һ
ȥɡЦЦָӣ˴һ˿ʵȻĿϣģ
ָһλãɳ˵š
Ȼԥֱ˽ȥ
Ӹһ£а˲ʧ
ԭÿ¶һո񣬺ͬʱаӵ񵲰ʧҲ£߸ոͬʱҲϺɫӣգ۹ֻʣºӡ
ͬʱʯĴһιϣеĹ˲ʧֻʣˢʵǽڷĹ⡣
ԭ˲ΪͣԶͫ׽̺ӣһʱͻȻһ˿ŭ
˶ôô졣
ԭ˲䷽˳˳ס橽ڰе֡
ȻΪҪԥ
ıֱвٻۣΪȡůЦʵ
𣿡ʵ
橵ͷʾλá
ϵĺһǵͼױֱӶһ
ȥλÿӦûһԷͭƬ
˳ָķĦţȻһͿ˵ɳϸĨǽϾͳһۣ
¾ͺˡ橵ڱ
ǽϵĹͭƬ˽ȥɿ˺һҲûӦ
ףðԭ̱ߵʯϣ״ʹһ̽
ֻһվͻȻɽض
ɽǱͻȻƽӣ۵һˤڵϣ˶ˤڵϡ
ŵæסʯһɨΧĶͻȻĿһԶ
ʯϵĺӲ֪ʱѾʧˣȫݣȻֳһƴСİƽ̨
ڵضһ˲ͳ橱ȥҲڵһʱ俴ֵĶ
۴ǸģŸӵĻơ
⻨էһо졣
ʲôϸһᣬԽ졣
橳ĬƬ̣ͷһᣬüҵ壬ҵû𣿡
֮ǰҪСһ֣û˦ȥ˭֪Ҳŵ˹ȥ
ֲ˵벻ԭһ֡
ɥʱ˭֪ȴǵͷ
ˡ
ӻͳǿī壬ݵУҰ㶪ĶˣˤΪ»Ź䡣
橶ǰǿ壬̧һۣ򴽣Žӹ밼С
һ£ֻʯϴһʯҺƱס˿ʯת֨Ħ
Űյʱͣ£Ŷ˶ʯͬʱ򿪡
ʯһй˽һɨ֮ǰĹ΢˲
ؿˡ
橿ֵС·ʶŤͷȥ
ų/ǹ֪ͨδСЦŵͷˣܰȻ𣿡
ԥƬ̺ʿˮɳƿڡ
ǿԣɽΪ㣬㳹׷ˣ˲ڣҪȥ¥´򿪣ڲӦȫˣֻҪ·Ϳ߶
÷԰Ĵɽɽڲˣ涸ԼӵĵҲͷ۵ġ
ⳤ/ǹáѳ/ǹʯϺǰվһŤͷˣұȥ
Լ
ȴǲֱܾӰ˱ڱϣ·֪Ҫ߶ãұȥҲߵÿһЩ
·խͼе·һģһֻĸʮһοʱԽ˷ǡ
ǺȥǱźΨһŮȥ
̤С·ĵһ̨ףȴǴδйİģΪļſŵ橡
ſϣĲСʵӽյˡ
΢΢ף۵橽ߵͫУ£㣬Ųδͣ£ţֻǵһ
ЦһֱĲ̾һȻɳƵ̲סɣöԡ
㲻۵ʹĿֻԽխ¶ԽС·״򶨵š
ʲôġµһƳһһ˿ģָƳЦ˵ǲҲҪء
Ĭû˵ֻǼŸɽ̨׼ᶨһһȶ͡
ŤͷЦü䣬ǳǳЦңӣ⣺öԡ
ҲηֻΪңô˱Ӵ˲岻׵ڵϣƽҲѰ
橱ļϣۣɳƿڡ
ο֪ˡЦЦϢͻȻأȫ¶ĲָŸղŵĹ䶯Сĳ鷢
ĴȴĪһһƤ
ֻҪǺŮټûӣһҪͿ϶ˣ˸УҲЩڡ
ϵˣһ¾עǵĺۼ
£ܷúǣҡͻȻЩſţ֪ô˦Ŵ˦ˡ
Сֵ⣬ɳһëڶƮţ˵ؽԼĻǰ취ֻ˵ţǲ֪ǵ϶ȥˡ
תĻȣڵ΢΢ܿԴ
ȻЦ˵ţһʼҾ;֣ΪҪɽԭϵǸ磬άֵƽ⡣
˵䣬˵ߺȻȻʣ˶Ҫһ˾ɺͻأ־гسǰ
׶ֱ
ƽשϣս
ܴơ̡¶աܡ޹ƾɣĿϾӡ
ڴʮЪɽʽС¥Ǹûʣ
ǴºΪɸĽǺ÷ߵҲ˺÷į֤ߡ
һֱµְɽʮʱ䲻̤㣬ֻǸ߸߸ٰеı϶ڵŷ綼һ
̧ͷزıķɺĪۿȡ
Ҽϻ䣬鷿һŴʼķɺͼҲϸ
ΪǲСſһۣȴŭ
ģӡȴڽֱ۵ؼʵһδµĲȱݺӵسǰ
ȥ𣿡վַ֣סļ򣬵ʵ
֣С˵ǣ𡣡
ӡ
һǿҵĵӡ
˫ϸС˺۵֣ǰ֮˴Ż֪ĺ£ָڲԾط
֣Сĵǣ֣΢΢ڲ
Ȼԡ
յһƾճֵߣ޴Ưڴ˿ڿʼƵĵ䡣
ʮ겻̤ɺѾһ㱡ҡ
ִſϣ΢һƿ˴š
һۣû뵽Ȼ˲Ѵ֮
ҳڰĿ޿ƮţĿ֮Լĵط˻
վſڣȻ̤ȥֻ㶵ؿǰĻ
Ļ
ùĻ񣬿ʷ涼ͬһ÷ҵ֮˭Զ
Ů̥ʮµĸˣ¹ڻ̤ĸŹŮеĴֲӡ
ÿһе÷橶ʻ޵ҫۣϲŭЦ±֮а⣬Ի֮˲˾ɫˡ
ҴӲЦĿⲻеǸ
÷ͷɢһ飬һʢ÷£˫΢أǺЦɫɡ
Ŀѩףɫ÷ǵصĴѩΨ÷˴ɫۣڴ˿ʺҫۣ˲ƿߡ
дһС֣ʷϸ壬ȭȭ顣
ǬԪ꣬˳Я÷ʱ˯÷£ݺףɰ᲻̻ѣůճƶ÷ѾĶ
ջߣȻ֣ʱ÷˾Ȼ橳֮һ޶˵ĵһյһ
һĺĿȴŲһǧɫ
һ㣬Ҫȥ
һյֻǽϹ˻š
ʧǵջߣ̨ȥ
ÿ궬춼ĵʱ򡣡̨̤׺ͻȻ˵ÿ붬ͻһãƢúܣҸǲԲ۳
Ǭʮ³Σ꿪³һն¥խǣ֣°֡
橵ָ΢΢֮ŻڣŻȻĳŪֲá
ɺÿռ䶼𽥱Сڶ㲻鷿ã۳λǿʧī
īֽʯһԣȥʱĿⲻſҪȥɫֽϡ
ʱۣŨīıʼѾȻȥ
ĺУϲʳÿձ仯ÿ³ȥʯӸ÷Ƶߣ֮£ݼССཻϲ¡⼸ȴвֻԼʱղ࣬źҵ˵ҶӦһŮοŮ⼸еΨһ¡ԵһףҶϲ֣һƽԸӰһ㻤Ҷ
ǣıʼϤ壬Ȼʧֻûź
ʧضֻֽûȻʹ࣬ãǡ
ֱʱ̣ŰԼţһʶԭĺԼ׵
˱ø߸ʥ̳һһΪΪ񣬿ͻؽǰҲûйƽ͡
꺫ұټһѴյһɶ޺īŴּСķŵݵУ
橽ӹֻֽǧ֮أѹۡ
ĶʲôɨһֻۣҲ෢һųֵĺӡ
սеīīԲǴԼģֱ鶼˲ףֻǿ˳ǣ񡣡
ԭ͵һ鲻ΪƻΪӰӼƻΪԼĺͼҵ
ôϲһΪΪΨһһôΪô಻ңֶô
ԭֻһΪƽҪӰһһˣǸһŮ
Ǹӣȥԥһᣬ˰ٱеĻء
̹ߵĽⷨ
ֻţһźȻдš
š
̧ͷβѾź⣬չãʹ
ΡΡؽӹţ˺üҲû𿪡
սְǷݱīɫļ顣
ҶΪպʦȡ֪֮֮⣬֪ʱܵüţһʱ֪Ӻ˵𡭡Ϊ£ֻ޳ܰ㳤󣬻¹ȴ֪˽£Ըǣֻ࣬һﻤ㣬һΪŴһΪңһΪֻ뿪ȴΨԸԸһģֻϲ֮£ΪȣԸػϲԸ˽й⻪֮·
һȻ򦴦䣬˲ʪ
̸ֱˮ뵿ֻһۺڡ
һæӵڶƿߣ֪棬ѹں䣬˶ڲ
Ҫ˱ڻаοȴ־ͻֻȥ򦴦ӯӯһᡣ
ඨԸΪᡣ˵š
ȸղŻҪɳƣ¶ڷ϶мǵ΢ֻľ
̧ͷһ˫ᣬڵͫʾеī͸峺
ôϲҡҲΪʲô
ˣףһ
ΪΪˣǴ𸴵ϣֻƻԹߡ
ⰮˣȴܻͬĻϲĽ
ಢΪʲôóڶţǰǱͲƻڣģǲͨУһüƻʧء
˶ʱڻᡣ
ȥ
ˣ
ˡ
ֻǺ÷˵İ֤ЩʹѹĹҴ£ǧĹҺ޺޹ϵ
ΪˣΪ÷鲻Խó壬Ϊ÷ΪԸ˴Ϊ֪ؽٰơ
ʸ֮ģвҵԴ÷橺橱Ⱦĳ䡣
ǾͻȥеҲŵǰеĴƻҪһ̫ƽ̣ѡ񱣻㣬÷˵µİ취
ҹ֪١
ΪƻȡΪһշգ˽µӰӱػõ֤һΪ
㶽ӹֽĿһϡ
ӵ󳤹˫ΪۣŮ١
ͻȻЦǺܿЦⱻѹֲסĿڸǡ
ԭһŮѧŮҽΪ̵档
ԭ˵ǰŮΪ٣޸֪ܡ
ԭ߹ŮҲ߳ԺֻΪһӡ
ԭĴƻѧʶһǻ⣬棬һ˿ؼš
ҹ֯һŴɭҲ־ֻΪ˻ס࣬ҲסŮ
кҲ·ǰͺ̣飬㣬Ϊۡ
̧ǰɫɵĽ⣬ҲʧߵǴվˣһǰͶΪ

ɳƺһͻȻֱסҲѹֲסĵıʹʧʹޡ
һ絤Ϊ˼˽ġ


84 
һֻͷ, ûһģѵֻۣһԺӰӡ
ˣ
ˣ
嵵ոڶ, СԴͼǰ, Ҳڶߴ, ֻֽŲõϴţſϣ۾ŵš
˰Сֵǵ橱, С, , Сϲ˲䣬˵õİ
ɲ, ˯ҪߡЦ˵ţôȥŴ, 橵Ķͷ, ˾ͺá
һ, 橲ŷְźİײһôˣ
˵ȿˮϵ˺أвĴ嵵ֵһˮַ˼С, Ҳһԣɵ橵һ˷
£㱻ץ, ҵҲ˶ֽš۲΢Һҵһ£Ȼ
Ѿ¡Ķӣ򴽡
ɾû°ɡɤӣû뿿ţʵ
˱ӣ򴽣ϸѣҲŵÿ㡣
űһᣬһ˿ԾüԥƬ̺ʵǴ󳤹Ǩŭˡ
ȻǡҡҡͷţĸӲС顣
橶飬ѵü¶һ˿ԥ֮ɫԽԾ
ɾ֮⡣š
ҴɾһǱŵˣڱ仯ܲõˡ
Ϊ˾ˣϲѣһ˸صˣҲչǣôݸˡ
һЦ˵Ҳ֪Ϊμ޸壬ЩҡˣúϢɣ˯һһҹһһҹϳߵģƵȻһ³Ҫˡ
һͻȻ˼
ұһףһֱά޵ʣΪ³Ҳⳡеһ֣һֱԼݣҲ֪ԼⳡдƵĵλ
ϾݣֻҪ죬еǰˣ徹ȻΪ˯֮ãɼһǷ˺ص飬ɼʹѡ񱣻嵡
һˣʱ֮ǲ㲽ʱ͵ε޷ֱԡ
㲻ٶԣֻͻȻѾ˯ȥ꣬һ
ء
ʼһԸĻѪĴѩǧ֮ȶɵϲԼ޷ԼΪŮŶһ̬úá
ͻȻʧ̬һΪ˺źԸΪԼʮܵʹ࣬Ϊǰ
ԼܴӸԹгԼ޷Сһ
أҲԼ飬ԼĺƺֻΧں֮Ůϡ
δͬȵλãƲݣֻΪŮ˵Ļ
ǲҲ歵ģҲΪһڹؼʱѡ˺֮Ů
橵üֻǳĬָŷָϵ˱ϸͿŸҩʧضƬ̡
ڸʱһֱеԼ֡

˰Ŵһˣҩ˹
أˡŽķſȱߣ޵˺ѷΣԶ͹һ𡣡
һ࣬Ц˵ţѾ߲
ڹкһܣ͵͵Ŷȥ÷԰һ˫ĥЬӣһ߿һߴŶֵġ
橵ͷע۾׵ķЦЦ
ʱߴҲѧһЩ嵽ţԴ֪ѧֻԸ⡣
۾׵ֻʣһ죬ֻᣬŲ˵Ҿ͸Źʶ־ͺãʶ̫ˡ
ǲûϢȥϢɣﲻ¡橿۵׵ĺ࣬Ц˵ţϢˣҴһ̫꣬ˡ
ԭҪܾķ˲侫ͷӦ¡
а취ˡһֱŴ˵˲ӻͻһᣬҹײĶ㱸ˡ
ŷԼĲӱνţ΢΢һ;˺ѷεۣŴ䳰ȷĻЩΣӣСŻ
ô˰
Ŵֺüëһ˵ţȻޣо仰˵ǶԵġ
Щ˶ãЩ֮˶˻θɣվǲУҲ֪ƻˣһɽйӣ̫ƽشȥǹƼҲǵ顣
Ŵο橣̬Ȼѵõ档
һֻԼں˷ļϣ˲۸ߵ͹ǲݽ棬жˣȻſĮ
һΣҪ뿪ٰ
ʼսźĻ÷ĸŮ÷Բ߶ּ橻Ѫ˱Ȼ־ŭ
橶ʶ˵ǿһ嵡
ü۵ʹ໰
֪ǵŴоͻȻŭͲһ㣡Ͳһ㣡
Ǹ㣬ڻܺ˵𣿡
ѹŭš
һ˯걻ѣۣüŴֿһףͻȻСţڳ𣿡
Ŵһŭı鿰סļ
ûܣ˯ɡ
ȴǶ˿˺һͻȻ橺м䣬һһˣ۾öҪˣﻹȰš
ܳŶ
ҲҪΪ꿼һ¡ŴС֣СĲ£Ž
ؿ갲Ȼ˯ա
Ŵ򡣡ſڴƽ
Ŵۣһۣݺ˦˦ӣҸʱ䡣
ŴƿֻĿ뿪
ҲҪȥˡɳ©
öͰȥ˵ԸţЩӳһҪˣհһɲС
֪ˣ¡££ɴۣŬŬ죬ʹ˸ɫлҪ͸Ͻ˵
ںֻܿʣˡ
ѾһտɫչԽԵó侲̧ʱȴΪͫ׵ĹЩС
³ˣȿ˵
ĬһᣬʵҪ𣿡
橰뿿˳Ľ΢΢´󲡳ɫЩ㲣ﲻԲʱ°ްģ
һ顣橲𻰣ֻز⡣
Ĭš
֪˺ʱܳ
ֵɢطۣ󳹲αѻϽףյļҲ׷£Сʩѹ
̧ȥԼ˵ŻʱѾٷŭǴų䶨ƽ
ƽαʧڱصá
ټΪƽϢǵƱػȷųԶƽϢԹô·ŭ
г˵ţԴΪм
ǵĹټ֪Լ״Ǳӵ̬ȣ벻ֻҪһ£ҪҽڿסѲٿܡ
Ӱæ˺һ·橵˵ţǲٰµ龰ԼҲΪѣӰæһ·
Ͱˡ
̧ͷɨһֵۣͷ˵
š
ĪĲԣü
 
ʮ壬ٰһʮ죬еȴǸţפѩٰ
ҵĿֱܾ֮ҴʮδȺףֱӰϽʥ˰ǰڹҡ
ԺһطָɣֻһվϷ磬ֱȫƱͨ®νľվӵݵýת
ټԭΪˣƽϢһЩŭĿ֮εǸӾȻҵдޣ䲻ݱݣɫԿη
ֵܵΪȣؽӸٹϣҪα֮¡
ΪˣѾǳΣɲΪ
֮У˻ӱ˷˽󹬣ץס˵߷ԾභһʱҲֵòɿٹ½һ¾ֵпߡ
һ鶼ڴ˿̰ǰ۸⿪κһ
ٰһڵֻͣҪһξը
ţٿüۡ
÷ҵ˼ӽҳ֤ݣſӱȥɢظֵܣǸ˵ļưúá
౧һһӦ¡
̧Ժһ
ȥ˺Уûء
ջߣһԲ
ȥ·ſڣ橿һŵ歡
ݣü·໰
ȥ·ԶౣءҲգֻЦ˵š
ౣءҪ橳꾾·ظš
歵ͷ˫Բ۾һһۡ
곤Բ󣬺橳ƣ˫峺۾
͡ͻȻǱջߣ˵
һ㶣ؿֻµһ˲䣬һۡ
ףǲǲϲ갡֪ţüͷ壬ûеô
걧ۣ˵š
أƢʱˡ橿Զظпš
֮ǰҲЦ֣󵽵½нԶ
Ǻÿֲˣǣ橵֣˿ɲãҪĵС
ţġ
ɲԲ鰡ˣĻš
Уʦˣ¾ͿʼϿΡ侲ţ˿ûбƫˡ
ƭˣͲˡ
˵
ڿһ£Ҵȥҳ档
˼ͻȻ˴ӱСŻԭػ˼£ԴŤͷȥü䣬壡


85 
û뵽Լ, ҲǸ˺һ
걧ֱϣݸһǽǺ«ġ
һԵģ̶ǳԵ, Ҳ벻顣
ӻ𣿡һ, ׿橲İײ
ҡͷۡ
æ֮дǺ«̧ͷ, ˻شգ˿ںôһϿŸս裬Ҳ֪᲻̡
Ŵô˵
ûʲô
үү˵ˡһǺ«˿شĻ, ССüëš
ں˵𣿡һ仰Ҳ˵, 
С־Ǻ«, ˳ְԴĲϣſСţÿζ˵ûϵ˿ھǻܴ, Ų졣
Դ˭˵, ̬ȲԶ
橲ͬ˵š
, ִ֪硣º˵š
, ǣСһ˹ĲӣŹֵЦ
֮ǰɾˣһֱŲͣڿЩˡ橼ı곯ݸķȥʵ
ѵ, ֱ󳤹ڸϳӣݵҪ, ȥһ´󳤹ұҲһȥˡ
ǰȥʲôü縮ÿζڵúܡ
겻ˣŤͷ˵ţС
ϴλȥˤϴκͳ۸ʹˣϻѹ˺ˣӵץסϴΣͳĽﵽ˻𡭡
С˵ģĲӣŤͷ
ߡطһ䡣
Ṧΰ٣ü
ŵüëţСţԭģǺúӵġ
ЦŵͷȻǺúӣ㿴ʹ󳤹Ǻϲġ
۾һ̵ͷ
˵ɾô˵ģճ٣ֳôĶ
ĳȻҲް˰ĳĳڹͣôãȻһճǰ顣
ʱײ˳ɽƷˣҵϣҲ֪ľƣѪҹ̫ҽԺλҽ븮պ˲ŷų
˵ɼ򵥣µδ֮⣬ȴ㹻Ķǡ
ϵ˶˵ǸҪˡ
Ķӣಡǻʱ紵ܲˣ˫ӣһֱ̫У˭һ£Ҫ顣
¶ƵˣնĿ
鵽𣿡ӣüʵ
˵ǳ̰ϺõϣԴγã˲óԵĶ񡣡˵Ҷ͸¶Ϣ
橲ȥɫ䣬˪üģ֪Ϊ鲻ȥĻ֮ˣˡ
ֻʱδ㶼Ҫѹ
ұȻظˡ橿Ų·С˵굽Ҫ˯ʱҪ鷳ˡ
⧲ֹȥ·׼ȥӦ츮ǰ˵˵
Ҫߣ橴ʧɫ
Ҳգۣüš
󳤹ͳߡϻδȫȥİ̺ۣϸϸĦţٰȫӦ츮ҵĵ̣ǰ®нٰȫ
橳˳֣ûü΢΢
˭֪һ֣һ˵ϳɣҪų̡
Ҫȥ𣿡ǰվ£һֱһַϳ״Ʋš
橽Ųһ٣ҡҡͷҪ뿪ٰһһߡ
ҪܻŴڵɽգҲΪȫ
һ٣ʶסҲȵͣԶòŤͷ
㣬Ҫ͡򴽣ԼԸ˵ȥͷյķůԵ°ڡ
㶵ؿ󲦿֣Ц˵ţһ˵ӲҪ롣
ۻɫȹīͫһֻµ÷㡣
ıӰʧŴ˵Ļü۵ʹɺ޹Ĵ۾ײһ
岻˰һСʵ
ûˡͽڣ˵š
ŶǺ«ص˵Ƕˣƭ˵ûˡ
ȻһǣûֱˣԼÿֱЦ
ԯڵĶ̲ס۽һƲӣһΣջߣЦŲ˵
һǺ«С˵Ҫȥܾ𣿻Ҳȥ𣿡
ĿԳջأͷȥ꣬üҲҪȥ
ֻг޽ѣ޽ǰ˵ҪһϼңҪºŻҪǳҲˣһ˺ġ
ͷͷɫĻһһεģһǺ«˼ڣһü
˼𶯣ǰյ꣬΢
СͺܹԣЦеģһСӣʱԶڵϣ׶а
һ¶µ
ȶûмССϵıӻ£ػضǺ¥ڵŮΧתǵس󣬿ɳǸյȶӴ˸磬׵Ҳ˹µ
ûѡ
СʱСԺֻ鷿ڻŻͬ歸ϲʱʱ͵ȥ
һҪúԼһȴǲ֪Լһľ硣
ͳһߡ
걧ϣ˴ĳǺ«ȣϸš
һġ֨֨ҧ˪˵ţ껹дס
׾͵Ĵ׶죬Ƚ֮ǰֻĴֻǴɵɵģʱҪڽﲻ겻һ档
ȥģȥġ˲ԴЦе˵š
ͣһ·ְ걧Ťͷ
ҪȥӦ츮Ҳǡ

꣡
С˵ĺĻΪֵվ̨ϣЦտȹȥΧת˺üȦ۾ġ
վ̨£ЦֵĻģʱųЦӯӯĿϣЩͬ˵Ļ
÷С޲¡
һֵһ
ϵЦ΢΢£³Ĭţվǰһһ˵ţͼɾҪԡ
˿仰˼ӳ̽Դգ۶ͼͻȻС˵ѽ곤òһء
ͼݵĺ¥ˡ
࣬ȥ԰档ǰ˵ţͼ롣
ͼŲ·ɫ۾ǰ֮ˣϣüǺŮ
橵ͷλݵĺ¥ˡ
ͼĿһͻȻǰȥֻǻδͱס
ЦһɢɢбһҿɲẦԶţȻӦȻһֱ
ԣ˵ͼӵĴ໰ǲֻݵô֡
ôץˣڱĽˮҲǲС
ͼüֱ׳˵ţ֪ľɫˣ̶ٰѨҪһģϧˣݼ˱ˡ
ɫ˲䡣
˵ҲСͼŭĿ󣬴ָһָ׼ȷӵС
Ժ㲻ˣӭݣԴˣһ顣
ָⷬĻơ
橸֮ǰӣ˵ɾҲڵˣӺͼӸϽȥɡ
ҲȥҰˡ
˵ᣬȴֲģһ΢磬˰ߵ֦Ҳɢ˱˵Ļ
š˵һؼҡ
ţһؼҡ걻౧ڻУЦе˵š
ͼĿһۣ¶һζЦ
͸͸㡣ǰ϶תӣ̬
橿аʮӣü
 
㲻һȥԺ嵴촩һѣбϣ˸Ƿʵ
橳Ĭ
üȥ
˵᲻óԥ˵ţǰӲ˵ЩЩ̫ճˣһҲûУµ
ͷ橣üǾһȥٰ̫ˣǹ˵壬ҲóţӦ츮ͼ򵥶ˣóȥ档
ָ̾оٰҪ£ʹˣһߣ뿴ŵǡ
㰡̫ˣЩŲͺˡһתȰҪȥӦ츮һ·Ҳи˵ˣҵʱȥˡ
ԺҲóŹ䣬˵ˣһԺСǰ뿴࿴
ʲôһ仰û壬һ䡣
Цеſں˵ţûأ˵Сá
橲Ҳŵͷ
ˣݷˣŴɾˡſڣСѾ߿ɥ𣬿⡣
ÿһ縮ܵûӰ󳤹ԺӶȥ档
橲̾һ
ð̫ˣҾϲáЦŰοţſڵѾţȥңһڻ԰ժӣϴξ˵Ҫժӵġ
ǡ
Ѿߴ˴Ҵ뿪
԰ڣһŹӵϣһֱֻɣһֻŬȥӣҡҡλΣƫƫδΰȻ
³ͷſ֣һ
˵ɣˣժ
ҪҪԼժҶ̽ᶨܾţеӳųȥ
Ҫסˤ˲óԣҵȻỹҪö˳ԵġɣһȥһֻСӡ
̫ˣΣյġƤֱ̲סķ˼һοĵȰţ۾һֱȥЩڡ
֪ͲĻ͵ܳˡ
ǲŮ䣬ʲô
ǸŹֵ˵
ŤͷҲԴŲ֪ʱԺͼ
Ťģɲ·ˡͼվڲԶʼνš
һ̲Ļԣ;ѾͼɾֻҪһ¾߳ȥ
ͼֻЦŲ˵߽˼
ֽŲ÷ɿҲ˲·һͷ˫٣վڳ棬ҪʲôҪ
СŮСѩ׵ͨ죬ſֵڳǰ鷢ƮһǱ˵棬ⷬģͼбԽÿɰ
ģú񡣡ͼȻվԭ̲ס˼䡣
գۣʵʶҵ
ͼǣϳɤӣɢӦţȻ
üëһ°΢̧ջţ֪𣿡
ûмȥһصӺˣҲŲġ
ȥǣ֣׼뿪
治֪ͼź˵š
ͷҲصˣǳŤͷһۣü塣
Ůװȷʵ㡣
ͼ΢΢һЦƵظпţС̤Сŵ
䣬һĽǰ˲նķ˿


86 
ںһ, չɲʱ
ѹģĿǰٰеĲʽĹǸתʹϹţ滨ôο̶, ¹, ѩ, һʱٰΪС

һ㡣

һЩ, ˡ
˻û, ʮԶԶĴ˹, ż󻹸ųȰοѾǾʧ
ȥôˡ嵷²ţЦ˵, ˤˡ
䣬洫žһ춯, Ѿæҵ
ü, ǧɴӰȥô¡
ˤûˤˡȥûϴ·ȥҴ, ˾ˡ
ǵȻ𣬵ܿٿذ
׼ӵһ١
ôˡߣֻǧɴϵӳһߴӰ

ü
Ժ嵵׵ܵܣҲԽ
˾ˡ͵ſ
ĪòԾü, ôҷԼȻˣͽɣôˡ
㡣ſڳ, ¡
£ɡĴҵ֣˸ɫ
ҵͷ˼ƿ˽󣬽ŴԺֱӳȥ¡
ûã˽ɫء
һ̬ûǵرĲӣ˫ֱǰмԶԶģСŤͷȥǽ༫ˡ
ôôǱ橿ͷҲɢֻŲɫĳȥ·ҲӦøղˤһӣ˺ôһӣСģСֶһѪۡ
֮ǰû橻𾢣Сܵ÷ɿ죬һȺѾ߶û׷ϣڿˣüͷԽˣС𣬼ܹź«ƿӡ
һĲˣѾֱдϡ
ôˣ橲⣬ȥ
ȴǱܿߡ
꿴˵ĶȣҲ˵˼˷
վһȺм䣬ͷĴ۾ˮɵģ濴һֿһ嵣üëøһ㣬Ťͷȥ
վǧɴǰĹϣüĿɫģ
ͫʣϸһᣬ̵Խˡ
һ£Ҷ֪ìˡ
ôˡҪѳй
һȴ£֣ߺһ£ǲߡ
Сקýģֻվ࣬Լҡҡͷ
ҪӡڿˣС˵š
嵺嵵ͷøӡ
СѾæһƬͭǰСľžӡ
գգֱֱۣضžеԼֲ˲ԼϵĻңĴֱӰСˡ
æסСȰˡ
ȥøʪһѾ˵ţȻᶼ°ɣ㿿
ССڴ󳤹ϥ£˵һһۣڸмϣѾǼ嵵˵ͷܿȥ
ںֻܿʣ˺Сոӹ콩Ӳ
и˵ֵֹ壬˵Һף˵Һ˺þãŤͷȥ橣С飬һָίѹ
ָŵ򴽡
Īһ£Ťͷȥ촽˶㿴һαܿߣδȴͲ
ͼƿеţ˵һЩ
ԥ˵š
ͼôˡüͷȥ
ͳһ㶼ԺĻ԰棬ȥԺһŲˣΪ˱ⱻ˳ײ
ǣ֣С˵˵·ˣȻ˵
̧ͷȥֿ橣˫ǳɫСɢȥʣµƽ侲˿ûо֮ɫ
սС˵˵Ǿ˾˵С
˲ʧŲƣü΢΢𣬲ȥ橡
ԣ΢΢̾һһ㶵ؿ꣬üһŭ
ǸͼǽҷƵĺ֡
ݣ֪һһ¾Ͳ׼ˣٰ˾˭ҲûСǰ˵ʲô
ͱǲ㱡ֽΪΪ׼ͼȴȫܲˣԶΪ
꣬ĹϵĪյľ档
ߡ꿴ǵɫѵɱۣ˵Ƕ֪֪ƭһˡ
һί
ܰǰСŮҵͷ˷ͭҲŵӣһһţ˵ôϲ㣬ôƭء
ǣΪβ˵͵͵̧ȥСţͷɥš
ϲˣǸȴ˵ΪϲŲ
ɶôɰ
ԽǸˡ
橿Խ࣬Ǳסһֻܶ꣬첻˵
Ϊ/ӡ
Ϊ˶Բ顣һֱĬ˵š
һ㶣ⶼԼϡ
̧ͷȥ۾ˮģƯˮУ峺Ưˡ
Ǻܴ𣿡ֱ橵Ĳӣ˵ܴĻҲԭġ
嵱һģЦһЦá
Դ橲˵ϲˡ
겻ˡһֱһԿŵĳͻȻſԴǰСʵ
˵Ŀⶼϣֻſ橵ĲкһûԴ˹ԼĲһֱû˵
һ𽥽ȻѾͼһ٣ߵģͼֱȥ׷ˡ
ͻȻֻ귢ĴЦ
̧ͷһҲŭ⣬ͷ۾ضŲأ˵ǲϲҲҵģҲŲء
橻Ųţǵǲ˼˵ţһʼȷʵЩǶƭң굱ȻˣԲŹǵġ
Ҳ֪겻Ǻ۸ģ
ԴǵؽţΪ˼ؿ橺󱳵ĻƣСؿü䣬һ㲻µ棬üβЦ⡣
˵ֻǳȥˣģԡƺ˼ֻǺؼ˵ţˣܿĵġ
˵Ǹ֣Ҳ֪ʧ䡣
ĺϲ尡
飬ͷſ橲߲˼˵š
û˼˵ͺˣԱٸ߸ߣ͵͵ιǹ˵Ҫǣϲһ;ϲ
һı߸𣬿û뵽߾ţһʱֻñһȺǼðЩȻʧĸоһʱֲǸ˻ʧ䡣
ô򵥾ͽɼһǻϲġ
ܸܵϵĿ⣬һʱֻúëվƬҲ
ǹ龫֡嵲⣬Ц˵ţǿɰ
ԴСһһҲ֪ί
ȷʵ񽿽嵿ֱЦСʱκãɰѽãͷ̧ͷġ
¶һֻ۾̧ȥɺһջߣ־Լ̫Сһ̧ͷȥſ֣˵
ܳԥְ˱ڻУһӣ̲ס˱ڻС
ҲȾǹϤ÷㣬ֻǸ𣬾ЦһĶˡ
Ը㡣αĲӣ̬ȱ֮ǰҪܣԱҡ
𣿡Ŵ۾һֻɿɰСèëףɣ˸ľܾ
š
橻пյģʧ֮Ʋס˳
ǵʱΪ󻷾ǣԼҲ뿪
һȥ橵֡
Ťͷȥ
Сӣʱճ˵ģ꣬ϲ𣿡ȥꡣ
Ťͷִ˵ϲģϲˡ
ӵﰮⲻɫϲܴһҲ֪֡
ϣĿ䣬ֱ橵Ķͨ졣
ҿԺͳһȥӦ츮𣿡·꣬ŸͻȻʵ
 
¶ʮ󳤹ҪӦ츮ټͣŶյҲڳš
ߡһ²ͷѾѩˣһ˫Խˣ˫ȴǾӡ
ټҲҪ塣˫ͷ룬ֻǵصͷ
ôݷҲҪŰߡټ״Ʋš
˫һЦҺϲ꣬Ҳ᲻꣬Ҳ棬һļ϶ѡ
ټҿһϣͳֵӰ˵˾䣺
һߣ˾ͿʼˣͳˣƿÿһֱվڳԵ۾һ
ſڳϣȥ·
ӹ˳õսľæǰ˻ȥ
ֻ÷Ŵֻ̽Դ۾᲻ôƿһ֡
Ļߣԥһᣬͳһǲ˼ǸˣẰһ

зӦ˻ȥ橻С
橺ʹָƿߡ
һɴͼͱƣ˵ƲסΡ
Ҳ橴뿪һԭ
ҪԼ׸ѡٵĸ顣
Ҫе⵽ǲΪŮ
Ÿңһġ˵š
š
š
˫ͫɫͬ״һ۾ͬʱֻһ˲䣬ԭ˲Ҳʡ


87 
Ӧ츮Ǵڶ, ȽٰԶ߾֣ݳ, Ϊж, ɽΪ, ΪأӦ츮۳ˣ·գһžܿװʿ;Ѳ, ڳǽ֡
ûſڳϷŹֵ, ųһֱȥ, ˫һģȿٰۣ档
ٰ𣿡橰Сһһ˻, ȡЦ
üһСָһ, ȥˡ
͵, Сȷʵ, Сᣬ书츳ҲÿһζĪͱܿߣü˲ˣԬڴҵ˵ġ
ˡ, οɲȥ棬ûˡ
˭˵ģҿԬ廹ء޿, ҡҡͷҵġ
橸ͷԣϸüһô֮ǰٰԬô㣬㶼˲ˣһ·Ϻõڿ졣
δ뿪ٰʱԬóԵģģȥƼ˾Ϳʼܣ棬ֹסȺ׷ܡ
Сպ˵ģ۾գ˺ü£С˵겻˼
Ӧ츮סңҪع֪𣿡橸ͷ˵Դš
ûµģûµġ˵֣͸Լһĸ游ܺ˵ġ
ЦеģҲص˵ͷ
ͷö˶ȥ󳤹ĳʲô
굱Ǵ󵨰죬͵͵ųֱܵ󳤹һţ˻ЦشŸ
󳤹˺ܺõѽ
գ۾С˵Ǵ󳤹ߵǸȶֵء
󳤹ϲˡЦ۾
ĸϲꡣҲ˵ţÿ׼͹ģȷʵĸ·ģȥ˵
ϵĴ󳤹䲻η壬Ҳ׽
˫ǴΨֱס
ʱҲڴýʱʱֽУͨЦ߸ϣȴŮ֮լ֮УҰı壬Ůӵò
ÿĬʱ뽾ڵסü۵ʹӵƤ˼ȴǵסģη
ˣĸ˵λӦ츮ҪסءĴ£˵Сǳ°ͣС˵š
˫Ӧ츮ٰԼĹֻʱͷһֱסңȥ󣬾ܾ˹ټҸļ޵ĺ⣬縺չ˶ӵͷһסڣôҪعס
˵ҪӴһЩˣڸв㡣ǸϢתվС˵ţ˵ġ
˼һͻȻ𣺴󳤹Ϊδ˴ҲҪŻӦ츮
ˣˡ⣬Ԭĳ˼
꾪һƿӣСȣ׼Լ
ˡԬȭţֱӰ걧
ǸСɾԼԬ˹վȣͱһţҲ˲øţֻܸżҴҵˡ
ŵ㡣һһˣ;ͷۡ
ԸʣǺ¡Ԭؿοš
ֻܸ̾
Ԭݣʱ򶼿ȥˡ
ٹ̲ס˵һ䣬Ӧ츮ٰҪˡ
ԬֻЦеӦ¡
Ӧ츮ȫȫҵĵ̣Žзſֽţ˭ҲҶһ¡
䣬ǰʹһɧСĿʧķ
ȥôˡԬȥԼҲȥ
üǰˤڵϺ޵СС֣վڳǰ˵ײ˳ôԼˡ
ɲ书壬СҲǾŵģղͻһ£㱻ֱײˣҿһԵۼֿţԼײ˸ģԼſڵϺ
һޣ˵߶ϣ֪ûΪ۸ˡ
þòԾŴǳš
㣬ײˡǸСкյ˵š
ײˣǸܳȻͶײģҪؼҵģͺ㲻ͬ·򶼲һײ㡣
СָָȥڿбȻţһطš
Скͺ˲࣬Ҳֻǿޣ޵Խҡ
ü˵кˤ˾ˤˣʲô
㣬СƤûصСѾͷ֪Ҽɾ˭𣡡ְ˱ڻУŭ꣬ǳ
ͷǸװͰ͵֣ü淴ţŲСƤɾûء
ǣ֣䵭أл֣ݼҾ˾˶ŮֲҪ˹ء
лһ㶣ŵǸŭСŮѿڶū澿ɲ˵֪ͬиŮ

Ⱥ⴫һϸϵĺǳ
δ֡
Ⱥɢȥ¶ϸ̰ݡ
Ǵ󳤹ߵ֣ΪλߣһƷټ˶Ҫʺãд⡣
ݼҹѫң񵱼ҵԺ֪ͬһū๣Ǵɣ͹ȥ
δԶֿȺУһֱ꣬꣬ͷʱϵ˲һɨգüĿʹ飬󳤹ڵСɾء
ŤͷȥȻ󳤹ľѾ򿪣ֻһɴ´µӰͦζ
ƺע⵽Ŀ⣬һֻ֣ĸߡ
⻰˵ɼ򵥣ԭΧ۵ȴɫһ䡣
һֱСҲٿϢǵͨ죬㶵ؿ꣬¶ŭ֮ɫ
߰ɡⶼǴɾĶģ굲󣬶ǸСкĿӶֻǣֳŴ󳤹ȥ
վԶŴ󳤹ҡҡһʾл
˭꿪ĵСʵ
ҵӵˣֱϵֻʣĸ͹ټңϵĻмģǵ갲ү׵ĸӦ츮ʱͰѰһ˶˹
ȻҲΪϤΣҡҡͷ˵ˣүظǻӵˣǧ˳
һۣЦ˵ţĸСӣʱҲΪͷۣ˾Ͱһ֣Ӧصӭĸġ
ꡭ
ĸĺϲ꣬İɣ֮Ӧ츮Ǻˡְοţֱǣ縮
ɾϷ˴ȥԺˡС˵
š嵵ͷѾſڵţ껹δȹ䣬ò·
ҵͷ
ݼҵ˶Ժ橵ԺӷҸڣˣ𣿡Ťͷš
ӣûأ֮ǰҲҪҵģŲ飬Ҳǰ˵Ͱӵ·ݣպõλٰȥ顣
üۺЦԽͣҲģҲǿ͵ģѧʶ꿪ʻãһ񣬲ŵ̡
Ըˣ鷴ĨȥеĽͿ֡
ЦŵͷҲ飬ʵ̫Цˡ
иǹÿҹ˯ǰ͵͵ǣ°ݳԻˣÿζóţ֮ŷ˲٣˰Ҳûһ߿һһ߳ǣɰЦˡ
ҹ޵̫˶࣬ҹ԰֤ڶԴǲֹ˿ޣ˯ˡ
ֱЦŮãžȤ
ҵԺͥԺĻԺдֻľïСȸʱʱһ԰ļռﶬ֮ɫȻ
⻰ԭҲ˵˿嵵ԺʾԼһһŵ˵ôҲҪҵĵܵ˵˵顣
Զʱ
ô˵סˡǿƵԸ£˵£˵¡
֮ǰٰʱҾ˵˶겻֮£ҲΪݡΪһյ裬ݵֱߡ
Ҫ˵̫Բ˳ˣԥҲһݣƣ֮ǰʱһ򶨣ָŵ˵ˡ
Ĵ֮ʧЦ˵ʲô
㿴ʱվſڣյҿǴˡ嵵ֳŲ輸˵š
ͼշǹ˵ģʱ궼ˣôţû°ͼһ٣ñףһ·ֻǸ棬ˤ˶˱
ˡֻ˵ţܵС첻µز£ҿɻûӹôʧ̬ء
㶵ؿŲյðỊ̇üʶʵˣʲôµģ϶˲Ÿһ㡣
ȥ֣ˣǶûˡ
㲻Ҫ
̾ѡˣСͱһУû̫ѡ񣬵̶ҲĵһѡȻ᲻á
ɫԥһ˿ȷ
ѡ뿪ٰɫָôɫأдſضðļ֮ڻš
ҹ˼ĿУӶǰ嵵ĻҲû֡
Լ·ŹԹױ̨Ĩµӣ˵˯
橵ͷ˵Űĵ꣬С˷ֻܴܵӶƮĸͣȴǹʹؿڣ𣿡
갡һ۾ͻȻһѾʮûˡ
ǡɫ΢΢죬Ǹдźòá
ͷðð
겻д֡ԼԲʣü˵š
д橲֪ΪͻȻ޷ֱȸԾСֻͷ˵š
Ŷͷ
 
ٰͷس鷿һתͿܼҳԼ
ӵĻô󡣡Ȼƣ˵ţû±
ࡣ
ڱ
Դ˵ţٰ˲Ϣ䣬ӹæҪ
ܼ治ɫֻǵݳеš
Ӧ츮š
鷿ڵĶٿذ౧ŽɫϲǷ˵Ƿ˵
ǹġܼҿŷϻĴǺ«Ц˵š
д֣ʮа˾Ƿ˵ġɵؽӹţҸȥ𡣡
鷿ڴܼŶⷢľ޴󶯾Ӷ
ﻭǺ«ؿ䣬ɿǰǸĻòʵ˵󡣡
ٷϻȥʱ֣ǰѾһˣϦСѾôõĶˣɲܹԷɻ
һ鲻á
żİǰͷҲصˡ
ͷ˺ü̧֮ͷеżһС֣һһĹ
ϣ󡣡±ʣ״ƲϸһۣСţһŷ橵֣ɿǷȴġ
ԭҪдŰ
Щʧ䣬óһѩ׵ּػš
塣֮дţ㺰һ
ȻδߣӦһ
ðȥͣ·һЩ򶨵ذŵݳϸţ˿ɫ
ӹżͬʱɨһֻۣ˼ųһŵֽţвʧЦһҲʾֻϵͷ뿪
û²ûģֻжѡ
Ӧ츮ȣճڴʱͷ˻˷ܵؾһţ˵ţˣÿ찡
橲廨һ٣ЩεĻʧ˺һŽӹš
ա

ϵӣСȼ˵š
ţһһֶ
ۣﰡ
ţˡ
չ˺ġ
ĺɻ˰
Ŷֵñˡ
һºӡ橶һ֣ǲ΢΢ϴԼҲƲסЦ⡣
صͷ
ףдô࣬ôûһ갡׼ӣͻȻͣԭɵʵСǲ⡣


88 ı
Ũճ, ¥̨ӰСԺһʢĵеļɽʯ̨, ΢ˮƵת, , ȪˮöѾŮڽ͵
Щ

ˡ
һԶ˽, ܿſŵˮӷž, ڴ, һССӰ˽

ܵͷ󺹣˵СŻ֮ȥ۾, žӨ͸ĺˮˮɾ, һȾ
ˣˣǶأ
橾ȵؿеš
, Ҳ𣿲Ƕ, ͼҪȥ˻ĵġ
ڣ嵳°ʹȤţĿؾؽĳϣζ˵š
ü˳۵վһ࣬ΪӶ˷, ʱ
С˸ͨ죬С֣Сţİ, Ӧ츮öóԵģģϲҳҲõġ
Ťͷ۾գգųؿοţ㲻Ҫġ
ؾվڣֻǵͷСң֮顣
۾ţ¶һЦɰķ棬Ǿޱʱ㡣
ȻٰƽҲңҲߡ嵶橴ȤһŸ˴ߵġ
򴽣Ҫдġ
͵͵ջҪȥץ֣ͷվǰ۾գգ
ǰɣҪдŵİɡ橿һ˾š
ͷü䣬ɰ˵أǵǲꡣ
Щʧ䣺˺öණôҲ䡭ء
㰮Եİ⣬ղܵҲˣԵɡŸסੲݵ죬⡣
Ȼܿͱתע߸˵Ÿ㣬޺橱ССҧš
ȰŶס°ɣĸ²ڸУҲȥдУٴЩسٰǡζؿһ橣Ҳʣֻǹ¹˵š
橹򶨣ֻǵͷָѹǷ⻹ţһɨϲδ¶˿
Ӧ츮ҲϢӿ˻֣ʾѾǶȥš
ͳһ𣬹ԹԵسŸ㣬Ŵ˵
嵵ͷЦ΢΢£˳ļǲܻͷģĸȥʱ׼
Զʵ˼Ĵڣ󳤹ϵλĿ֮ȨλҰĵĵһȨڱ֡
Զٰ߾Ӧ츮ڹǧļӳ£/Ըλ
λеĲĸǴĴ󳤹
ԶǧٰΪαķѷӿӦ츮ĹѾһѴ󵶡
ˮҺҵ˫ָ£ֱӱƵ˿ڣֱӱչԼڼңټҲԸ£һֱڳѹƴ£ҡ
һǰٰѾʱʱŭļڡ
ԽѹԽǷδ֮˶Ҫһ࣬Ұ£ٹ֮зӯ죬ٰÿ䡣
˵ǰȨǰѾˡ˹еӣʵ
ţ鱾ͶಡѸߣΪ˰ͽվ»֮ǰҹ̸·ԩξͲˡ
µ쳣һʼֻһЩ޹ؽҪĹԱټѹ´£˾ΪѣߵĹԱǵתʹ
ܸſдѪ飬ɲܼҴɰȻΪ˱ܻתߣҪ¸ˣӶȵͣ֡
ڶΧλ֡
ǱʧܵĹؼ
ץŻ⣬ڹټҵƫ£ֱΣټҧŲţ嶼ΪҲÿȻ׼
תڻѻȨϡ
ǧٰģۡ
ֵʦһ򰮺úϡȨ
ԭݽȱϺͶֵݲŴյŵһʮݣֶ϶ͳһʮ򣬶Ǿͳһ͡
һݾʧɳϺ޶ڱһ·뱱صϲС
Ҳвʱ͢ⲻжΪԱֻ¼򵥲ѯܼⷢʮʳʮָ˵ʱĲҡ
Ȩѹһ㾯ʾֻǰ¼һӣݵĺۼĨƽֻһϹˡ
ЩһֱĻΣϸ뵱֮£նò没ؼңܴײġ
ڰǰ֪꾹ȻԼΪӣӺʮ򱱷һҹѰѡ񱳹٣״ҡ
һˮ͹ٰըѹҵһݣԶӦ츮Ҳжš
ʮ꣬Ϊףǰһӣ
ȨһֱԸӹЩ沨˭ܼǵãڴ໹δʱλ껹ǻеˣҲ緢ӳⷽٵļȡߡ
ټʬҲԸ棬ֻðļ˰¹ͻȥˡ
Ĭ
ͷ䲻˵ţǷ𣿡
Ŵ˵
Ƿˣ裬Ҳ顣΢䣬˵ţֻǿЩһǻˡ
ٰнϢգһ·˳Ϸ磬Ӧ츮ֻʣ˿е߿ľս嵴źĻڷǰ
ƿѪʬڸۻహӣ˿ڱһ˺鱻һ飬Ҫܹ޹ۣ֮Ѫ̬ȡսܵס
Ǭʮ϶ѩٰºӱ̧ŻٰǱãǧָºնʯͷ÷ˮֻվںڰгĬ
ǳѩٰѣļıѩ
ǬʮĿգȣ˶ڿвףΪѵǸںڰŢеվվз꣬չ£һǰΪֵƿһѪȵ·
ʮе޾ĺڰɢڵü
橴˿ԶƹٰܵԶԶվӦ츮֣ŷٰѳΧ֮ơ
ߵһҲýˡ嵶Ẓ̌˵š
ҴɾҲûشɢˡ橵ͷ˵߾춯ˡ
֮ǰܼҳٳٲѲѹΣõӱΡӣζ˵
ĸȥŸֵܣٰ佫ľģڲҰ죬ɾ֮ñҲûȥˡ
橾ȣ󳤹Ҳ㵽ˡ
ĸҪٰұòԡЦһ֪֮ǰ𣬹ִӦ츮ӲͷӦ츮ĸ£ҲٳŽʡ
һֱ˺Щ겻ɽ¶ˮĸǵ͵ƣֻ¡
գգۣŴ󳤹ģЩ꿪ҽݲ֮ǰٰҲǿ˲ٸԺ÷ʹ׾֣ЩǰŮ۵ʱķ
ǰŮ۵λʮ꣬Ů٣ŮѧŮҽȵȲŮԼ֮پֻǺ߲Ϯܿѹȥ
嵲˵ֻóӲ˲ߵ죬֪˼伲ֻ࣬ͷЦеģҲЦһ
ֻٰ಻٣˲ˣȵľһ죬˵Ҳ֪ǸϦСȻǰģ˺һ
ټҺͲδѹۣ࣬ߵڰףĨڱ֮ˣҲһһȥ
橺΢΢һϡ
ֻϣղܿࡣ

 
Ҳġڣ̵ټҧгݵ˵ţʲôŮ۲ŮۣԭǸٰΪģ˵ôúõĽãΪ˺ͺһ£ġ
ҹڵϣͷĵأɫ룺󳤹˲֮ģӦﰡ
۵ϣɫ漴¶һ־֮ɫ
İ㣬ȵ۵ĵճŮ
лʼŮΪܳ裬ΪĹȻʺΨһĺӣ׵س󣬶ʱǲ֮ܳӣҪš
˫ǻ·α˫ֻǵصͷ߹ӡ
ɾˣȴڵʱֽվڴͷɱٴκݼ㣬Ѫ׶ޡ
־£ⲻһŮӡ
һעܺվͬһŮӡ
Ǹҿʼ𽥴ƣһֱϵѲ֪ͷһѼ⵶
Ϊ
˶ڰ
һֿ־塣
һǺǰȥ˫Ҿ;òԾ
һһɫֲֻŻЩ飬뾭ѵ治Ҿ͸ֱɱ
̵ˣֻʣ¹ټҳصĺ
£ǻءһֱĬĲͻȻ˵š
ٿؿ֮ˡ
󳤹飬Ͳܹˡ
̧ͷ¶һݵֻʣȧǵգɫ۾Խֲ
ȣзˣĲͱճˣһƬãѩ׵ĵשε۾΢΢
ĬĴֻвڽеİ̧ͷɫ𽥲ҰףϲԲĹټңпһ¡
ִˡ
֮󣬻˵
ģ΢ЩһֱֹҲʶˣЩ̰ᣬֻҪǮ㹻ỵ¡
ͻȻһɳ©תĶһͻһ죬һɭɭ
ˣʧʹ޵عڵϣЩСһʱΣӡ
ָ΢촽˶
㣬ȷ
΢֤
ŰԲһ¶ŻҰֻ֮㶵ؿһĹټҡ
ȥ˽Ǯ
ƤӶ˶󻺻ۣ˿ɫǡ
Ͳȥ
ǡ
йˣйôˡߵСͻȻŰš
ŲȥıӰŤͷ۽յĴš
վڿտĵյϣ۵Ĺյ۾ۣ˾Ǹմˮ̳Ǻա
ˡСš
ŤͷȥСţ֪ʲôʱ̷ټҵ
СΪڿ¶һЦй͸ڹټˣʮˡ
۲΢ǰٹ±ʮˡ
СŻУȴϵɫŵñ졣
ǸʱټҲꡣġ
ʲôСûĻԽ֡
Ĭš
û£ýʹЩҩ˱̧ۣʱǸЦӯӯǳйˡ


89 
橱ٰ̻, ֻ¶ʮ컹δŴó˵ִ޿쵽ٻٰ
ҵʱ, ʰ, ׼պٰ̻
îʱչ, ɫѵûȥҳ
㲻ˡΪƿɴʱЦ˵š
ҡҡͷȻỹҪȥ󳤹Уȥһ, ڹƻû, Ȼ԰Ѷ־ͺˡ
ͷ
ĿԺſڵļɽˮľþ, ڱߴߴţɽԺȴⰲ
֪ΪΣܾòġ
˵ǰӽȥһ˺, Ϣ
ҡͷ, С˵ţû, ˺ͶӲԸ, ǵһһصʱˡ
СһԼʵö˶ôʲô
ʧЦü䣬ɫ᣺·˵Ҳذæȥҽݣ˵ദʮˡ
ǲֻǺǵͬ
΢΢̾һ
, ˽¶һʡ
˴δ󳤹Ӧ츮ĸıŷ٣էһ͵ɫصĸ, ѻ˾¹ӺݻĹ
˷ȥ·϶СġһֵصͷɲЦɫûյ֮ɫƽڡ
л󳤹ġ橼Ųյ΢΢СĴָ֪Ϳ͵˼˵ŵϢˣ橸ˡ
˫ͷȥɡ
橺ţ磬򶨵ת뿪ֵ
һ밲һĺֿŴ󳤹ջصߣ֪룬ʵǲ뿪Ҹ±ǡ
˫豭ڵˮ΢΢һΣջߣŷ²豭Ц˵ţʲôֻ᲻ѡ
ˣһԺӶּˡ֪˵˳Ļ˵ȥ
ƺ«ҲŻ˲١˫ͷ˵ţĬƬ̺ͻȻʵ֮ǰȥŸǱߣδϢ𣿡
ҡҡͷ˵ţߺ֮ǰĸԹҲĲǣ˻ء
ȥ˿ٰǱ߲һ㶯ҲûҲ̫ˣȥŸԴעһЩҪ˹ǽˡ
ǣѾˣ¡ֳ²ʱƿ˴󳤹һۣС˵Ҳ˼ˡ
˫üеķ飬ɫ䵭΢Ĺϣβ̨̣ϸ߸ϵķ޲޶
Դҡ˲һ͸ĺ解˵µĶٲʳҲǲˣһʾ
ֽ̾һοТ˳
ڣҵ𣿡
˫ͣ²ŪǴµķ飬̧š
ֻҲȺ˵ȥԹ˵ܲ˵ģҾԺҲԸˡ
ֵһͨһڵϣºα룬ߵһΪԼΪ˰ˣź඼㣬ܾҲΪ롣
ֹ峿Ѿƶţž˵Ѫ
үʲôһ𣬾ִҪȥ࣬ϲһ·ٰ
˫һ㶣ҡҡͷŷ飬Ǹ߸ϵķ΢΢ۣٸ
˵ˣˣҪ£Ҳסңֻ⼸̫ˣ̲ס񡣡
⣬վ̨¶ųϸϸظ𣺡Ҫˣһģٰдŵġ
ŵֳɫأֻ涣ţλؼ·;ңԶһҪԣҪ͵͵ܳҲҪ鷳
ţ֪ˡؼУ˼ѾˣܵصͷֽŲõ
ֻǶڴıӰ΢΢漣ôһ˿á
ƣûûεɰҼҳˡԶ嵿ֲ´شȤš
ǣ֣û˵¾ҪˣҲһ㣬Сٹܡ
ջߣź˵ãǲ֪Ҽҳûиˡ
ٲʮ飬ұ㵽ȴǵȲˡ΢΢һ̾˵Ҫչ˺Լ
֪ˣ¡ΪͷرԹţ￴أѱˣҿҿĽһΪûһЩ
һЦС˵֪Ϊʲô
΢΢ɴ۾׿
֮ǰ˵ɾٰһ飬µ֪⣬Ȼܵöࡣ
ѵܿ嵳ԱģЦñж࿪ˡ
嵲ʾս֣һ䣬Ȥţ⻰˵ˣ˹ϵͻͽ´λȥܲ䵽һٷء
橺ʾüĿȻף˵ڵĻɲ᣺ɾ̬ȣǸҪˣ֮ǰԥԥɱɾİ
ףˣشǰ֮ˣššȫǰǸ˵Ľһµʱ䣬㶼ѧˣ
֮ǰôɰġ޺˵ţҪѧ죬أСʱˡ
˴ּ䣬ͻȻ

ԭڶһ˵꣬òͷˣƿӣ˴һίί
ҪˡʧЦˣȥɡ
嵵ͷҿȥɡ
߰ɣˡЦ˵ţԬѾһǲվˣˣǿܸϲվˡ
߸߾С죬ЦʵȻᾭ̣вС
Ϊѵؽˣֱ׳رȻָͷ˵Ҫ

橶ָЦˡ
Ҳòԣʱ飬Сָ飬Сطһָԥԥ˵ţ
꣡ȥ͸Ҷ飡С֣Լʻָơ
ţֻǵͷŲ豭Ȳ裬װ˵
ϳŵȴǣ۰Ͱ͵ſڴڣŶڴʱͻȻ洫һɧ
ôˡ
ļ찡
Ҫɡ
ÿÿ˭
öѪ
İ
Ⱥзسǹٱĺǳ˲ҳһƬ
ߵĻǷǣֻսϡ
ſڳϵʶ˹ȥգգۣͻȻһŤͷڵ˵׵ء
ʲô橷е飬⿴ȥ
ȺΧһһǸо橵ߣ̧ͷ򵥵Ķƺľȫ
һΣͻȻϵ䣬ɫȹŨصѪڿ䣬һֻĺ
橿ݣɫ䡣
歡
ÿ
ڴʱſڣһԶ³δٶһ˴ѪĴɫСӭ졣


90 
ôˣ
һ, һŨصѪζһ̧ͷͱţʵ
Ҳվ, ɫǳء
ѾͻسԺ, ˫Ϊ˱ܿѪ, ҲǱ˹
ѪĳҡҡͷҪֻһ·, ʧѪ, ϵ˵Ѫܡ
ɫ΢ף, ǻԾ𡭡
򴽣ϵѪϻ䣬һѪᡣ
ǲˡ
ǳص˼µ, ȴһѴҵͷԷΣֻ㶵ؿ, ΢
, ô, ˵û˵
û˵꣬ͱţ΢صʹڨڨر죬ǳĽë˶󻺻´˵
ҽ޳ָȥѪ, һգȾڲĨȥĺۼɫѪѩ׵, չһɹôۼˡ
л˵ɿ֣˵ι˲һʱ
ȥɡ
㶵ؿƽڡ
ڻ谵һھ̲סۣδüߵѪˮǱͻأرڵϣŨصѪζѬŻ
һˣֻԼһ㻡ȡ
뾩ʱȥһЩ߸ȧǱϸԲƤţҲǷ׵ķ߿Թޡ
ڵҲһľСӡ
ʵϣһϢڴϣ˫΢գϢϱ𽥰롣
ϵѪʺģģһһ㣬Ⱦµı죬һѵܸ橵۾
ۣվ紦ģɫ䵭
أϣԥãֻǰַŽڣϸظǺñӡ
ԣֻؿ˾һŵʯź˲ʧ
ɫ˿ûб仯橻Ǵ۵׿һ˿ݰ
ʹ࣬ǰˣֻҪһֿۣܸ̹ܵĵۡ
пһ˲ʳ⡣
㣬ôˣΣ𣿡ܿߣǱҲŻ⡣
촽΢΢һֻܿ͸չ⣬һɢȥ
ҺﱾҪȥĳ
ǵġϷĺ⣬Ȱסͺˡ
橺һϣĿŵ۾ϡ
ͻȻĬڵĽë΢΢һֻĺĴֻشԵľ
ֻ֮˵ƽڻس̵··ߵĴκǰ档
۾ٿ
ŵĻѾһһ¡
歵һ£ֻǴ˵ţ˵Ǳ˵Ĺ¡
ֻʣҺ
۹Ⲩ۵׷һ˿Ứȴûڲ㱯ʹɴµʹ⣬Ӳˮ⡣
̧֣۾ϣ۾
ľżһ㣬뿪ؽԭأǿŵǵ˲䱻ƣ촽ڲ
ڳǲԶôӦ츮橸ĳʪˮʪģ̵ģľ飬˲ûˡ
ΪҶϺӦ츮šڲɷ
ĵվڳʪĵϣŢȻ
ٿڻ⣬˵Ļһ
ԭԬ磬Ϊ˱ʱ˧ͻΧǰϺ󣬽ڵڶα
̫ƽ硣
橺ۿֻۣء
˶֪ǹŮһҪ޸ںԺ꣬ѣ˭һϧ
ԭһֱȫԼѪѪҺջ޷˵˸ֵĵ·
κʱȡ̲ݣ˳̫ƽͻϮֱ֮ȡӦ졣˵дŻ֮ȥ
һɿ۾֣ͻȻоֱһֻ֡
橡死֣ϣ϶شתһ¶óܶ
ŵ˵ͷ
Ӧ츮ΣӦΣٰ㱱Ŵ󿪡
κﳤֱ뵽ֻٰա
ǵһֱĵطơ
橵֣ǰ橣ضȣŻҰ׵ϴһ˿ߺޣȻ֮ɫӿһ󣺡ӦҲơ
橽֣ᶨ˵ţúõģӦҲһ
΢΢ʧзˮ⣬ͻȻս֡
Ӧңﱨ𡣡
Ƿġ
Ƿġ
̫ƽ硣Ҳ֪һ׶橵ĻڣѹְѪıϡ
ճ䣬̵һ顣
΢΢ǰ˿ڣƽ橣ɫףպ۾ڷ⣺ˣΪʲô
ţֱ正ӿѪѪȾԼֻܻ˵ţῴģῴġ
歵ͷ°ͳǵӯӯµǵᣬͻȻԺһٱЦ⣬شе䡣
橻æȥȥ
ﲻϲǡڵϣɫȹѪҲưϵľҲ׳ա
ĴϣֻúۣƤظֻܶͷĴϵĻƣ˵Ҳ㡣
Сų뿪ڵϵĺվǳĬҵĹڱȾȹϣҡҡڰڣֻʣ´ɴڷ޿ػε
꣬ĸ㲻ҪӣС˵š
ſڼɽϣһֻСڻһ
꣬ߡ
ͻȻһ٣ԭζʱֱɫصؿСԺ
ϸ鱯ʹĿĿƮžѪ
ǾĸĿ
ʶŤͷȥ꣬ȴֻ㶵ſʯͷϣĴ۾ˮ⣬ϸȥŮˮĴ۾
׵̳ףߵʱ򻹵ҡ
ſڼɽϣű̫ɹù̵ʯϣĽë΢΢ţɲϲ
ȥ֣ȴ㿪
һֻڻССſڴʯͷ϶ҲֻǳĬš
޴վţһɫ
ϵʱҲô޵ġĪ˵ţţ󻺻Լɽϻ䣬ϥڽ䴦Ӱ˵ġ
/Сţꡭѹ
겻ѹС˵ţеۡ
ָָĿڵλã˴һӵãչµӰ𣺡겻롭ˡ
֣Сİ˱ڻУˣԺҲᱣĸġ
ſУ۾һҵ⣬һز֪Сƻʢš
Сá
ꡭҲ뿴뿪ˡ
 
Ҳߡɫأֻһʱ䣬ڵ϶߲죬Ʊػᱻ׷ϣʱв˵İѱ
˫ڴλأɫ
͸ĸ׻ĸһ𡣡²嵼ᶨ˵š
˰һֻǸ̾һᡣ
ǿʮҲ򣬵ɢս飬㣬ʲôܿͻᴫٰһġ
һģֻҪסͿˡĸ׵֣ҧ˵һǵġ
ǵļȥ˾Ҳû֮ǰŵǸĸ֮ǰȥˣðͻΧҲλ໥ԼΪ壬˳
Ĩᣬ㷲˵ţǱʲôҲ֪ղų˵Ӧ츮дκǰټҲ֪׺ʱˣڳǴάʮա
Ҫ˵ɥһֱĬ羰غǳʿδ٣Ҵʿѵ𣿡
˫Թڸ˹˴ȴǲеķ飬ɫ
ʮΪ;һ㶯ҲûСſڵĶ༱š
橻һɾ·ɫ䣬ֻȦŲɢȥĺΡ
û°ɡǰǣ֣Сʵ
ҡҡͷû£˵öԣҲ뿪
ˣ
橣
˫̧ˣ΢
Ҵӱ뿪ԬһվǣֻҪǵ˹£й¾Ӧ
ΪʮκϢƽ˳ֲ橴Ļʵ
һ㶡
˵;йɫ΢䡣
ʮκһ֮ǰ®ݾݵʹװҲһôΣȴܰΧзֱƽӦ츮
ɫأ¹¾Ҳδذȫ
羰صͷݷ˵öԣС
үҰ橼ɡ橹˵
羰ذ˰֣֮ʣΨ֧Ԯ
橳ĬƬ̺ҡҡͷүΪβǿȡݣһ顣
˫̧ͣԭ
⣬Ҳ̫ðա羰ʶ;أеش򣬾ܰǰˡ
橲̧ȥ󳤹
˫΢΢̾һ㵹Ƕúܡ
ĸǰ˵Щ򴽣Сš
ȴ÷˵Ӱӣ󵨣Ȼ˼룬˾̾
羰һŤͷȥĸס
˵öԣʱǲϮݷΪϲߡ˫˵š
κڶһߵĴֻһ۴ݣ۴ݶʧܹ£һɱԮֻϸ/գȵΧض֧Ԯ®ݣȻҲƽˡ
羰ɫء
ǽ
ĽԸȣؽ죬ڱΧҲϸʮ죬ֻҪǱ߳ˣĴκһǵһԮģʱԻô¡
ǸýҲһڼ顣Ϊ֤š
Ҳġ˫ͷ
˶ãͻȻȥǰˣš
ӭĿ⣬˵˵ʱұ뵽ˡ
˫䣬ǰӣ¶һ˿֮ɫĸȷʵġ
һ㶡
ͻϮݣֻҪ󵽴ﶼǵˣһΪ㱣ܷʱѰȥˡ
˫ȴ˵£ʼ򶨲ñС
Ӧ츮ǧˡ羰ԣʧɫ
Ԭһӱȥţʮ֮ڱԮˡ˫̧ɨһۣ˵ҲǧˣӦ츮ڡ
һ㶡
ǲ̰С˵š
Ǵ̣Ǳ԰˫˵ţᶨ䣬ǵδӴκı£վһδƴκķ
羰ԥĿؿԼĸס
ÿһڵϣС󣬲ηԼĶӣζ˵š
ǰִκۼſʿš
ȥɡ˫˻֣˵ţҵ˫


91 ҹ
κӦ츮Ϣ, ֪Ϊγٳٻδٰ
սѾȻ𣬼һ͵Ժϣͬʱ, Ϸ/ҵϢҲ
һɫ͵Ժͷ, , ˵ϢԺˡ
Ϧ£鳲Ѫɫϼµƺ, ٰһƬѪɫС
ΪλԬšԺ, ԭز, ŰϵĺɫսͻȻʵ
ǰڹԸĬ, ʱһ쵽˵һ仰
ٰӦ츮Ӽ, ǹƥ, ӱ, ֻվŻѾգõˡ

أ
ȥ˺̵
ˡ
һʱˡ
һʱսո͵
ɢرϰΧҶԮٰ
Ÿȥ˶ĿĬƬ, ݳдõţ˵ȥѰԬ, ؽʱǰ
ǡ
һ֮ڣݱ߹ؼڰϣͶͬʱȼ̣̫ɺϵΣȴԽýš
ʱ䣬κܲˮ㣬®ݶ춯
Ϊ
ŸոԿɫڣԺѵƻͨ
һδִµӰ߶ݱ֧ԮҪڽ
ȱȱشʳУó۵ŷ⣬һµűطߡ
չԿʱյԬţϢ
òо
ǱߺܿʹĻţ²ųһڵţϸǷţüٿְżŵ̨ϵȼվ
ȥѱ淿֧𷿸ּº¶޺ֱðϣɵطԸš
ʵϢ¸δ÷
ˣټѾȥ̵ˣڵѾźˡ䵭˵ţּǣֻЩһҪһ¡
Ժһ
Ͳֱں̵ġ±ʣ̯һհӣֱ˵ټر֧ԮɢأǱߴ̸
񲻸ҵȥԺˡ
ԭæµȴԺԺеĹƽӶ΢ԺӽţԺſӯӯƹ⡣
ԺɫѾ𽥺ǰԽɿ죬ܿдһݳ壬м䣬ĬĬ˼䣬ü
ˡſ
ţɡ±ʣͷ˵˵ҪıͲǿһ£Ƿԣհܷ
ӹӣĿһǴ˳
淿Ԫ󰲾ݻһ򣬽ݸһന򣬹֧ԮɢأЭͬĴ򡭡
һźѹѹ˳Ĭףǰ꣬OO@@˵
̧ɨ˵һۣλǶԸݸָƵˣлֱ˵
֪ͬ¹ǹ´֪ͬϱ߾Ϥϣһս΢˵κڻ룬ҲñֱԴǡ
۵ˣΣ
Ϸ˴Īϱ죬Ϸ󣬶ϾԲˮΪҲޣֱӵȥ·ĸ
Ͳ󣬵˵·ƽפݣһϷ߹ĵãסʱ䣬ֱˡ
¹ɭԭȵİҲҿƽƽ
˻һ֮١
ĲǱսǲıƣһֱĦʮ֮/ŶǴ࿿ѹ
ϱս೤ۣȡʤǺʱֺ飬˼죬ɢɳΪֱ룬Ҳȫѹ/ñ߾ʮȡ
ֱ֣Բ䡣
˲˰򣬵һɢɳֻݺᣬƣҪȥϷرֻΪѹС󡣡
̧ͷǰˣԾɲ۵׵˸â
봺вշɡ
Ҷѹ˸ҵںƲѰȪи˿޾ɫݡ
ǰ¡
ںǰԼеڿʼѿվչ
ֻɫһ᣺κǴĸ󻼣ǡ
κЩҴཻã೯ϣϲ¡ʶ
֮ܲꡣ
ٿذ˴󾪣Ҳ΢򣬹ڵϣ˵΢ʧԡ
֮ʹѳ˹ټеһ̣Ҳ
ǰˣ˵Ƿ졣
淿֮ҡҡͷ
ɢصķ죬֮ұۣǸȥ׼ɣݸҪ˵ս
ǡ
֮Ĵټжᡣ˵ţŴ˵£˶߰ɡ
ἸһŵˣֹǱˣºֻʣ´ͷڵϡ
ؾţҲ֮⡣ʾ˷𣬡ʵ˵öԣټѾ޷ּҲԴκ㷲
󾪣̲ס̧ȥϷ
˵ƣһѾǴ֪ͬһƷ¡
Ŀϣͺײһŵջߡ
ڲ֪ѳһ׷Ŀ꣬ιƽ£ʮ꣬˭ˡ
ȥ϶·ּ
мᶨͳ
¶ʮʱʱ̣ɫʢ棬ոճ˺̵ͺ͹սǴ˸档
źˣɫɫ΢΢Щס
šߡ
͹һյƣһǰһԣһ·ԣֱߵԺֲ·ڡ
ĸ»һ⣬Ѿʮ죬ûϢ嵭˵š
öȥӰ橣Ԭ;վҲûϢ
˵ͳ⣬ƻ໥׶Է˼
Ӧһˡ
ѾȥѰԬˣʱһҪҴ𰸡ңŷֽصţĶЩӲ
ڵķ˶б޳üҹɫеɫѪ
Щ͸Ϊ϶¶ǲҵˣǰߣվǲһ
岻Ƴ壬ʢҲɴʳ̧˵ʱǳɫͫɫӰϵĹ⣬תãǹ㣬ȴҲ䵭Į顣
ƺأ䵲ס΢ǹ⣬ʱڣӨӨ΢⣬ֻɢһԼ䣬ֻһƳгƴͬǣҹէҶ졣
ʢľףɽһơ
ĿԣгأĬ
ҹ˯á££ӣ˵
ͷҲƣԬϢֱ빬Ѱҡ
˵Ƭ̣յľȴһһһһգգۼ䣬ڻʳͷƺڰһһĹâ
ͷҪת뿪
塣
ͻȻסڵڰī
һ泯ϦС³֮һСвµ˶ϤڣҲ̤ʳһ
üˮīΪµһʣȻɣʹⱻ𽥴𣬼ʹڰ֪ƽв֮˺ƻʳǵУԽĵüĿ䵽ҫۡ
ںХҹᶨ
ϣܼסձ֤֮
Ϊģҳޡ
ͷȥ°ڷչᣬתƾնȥɣ䵭ȻüĿڴöķпȻĬȻ
һģɫηɰܣ߸ϵҴɾ͸ðʣӲȴֲһ˿顣
ˣ飬ֻһֻԼվھκ˵˼⣬۽ζҪܸ顣
֪꺫׵ľʱǲͬһעһʱʱս
ԣȵʪķҹ׵ļӳԽԽң֮ľ룬ǽϢů硣
гɹߣˣĳ佫վӣӦ츮õĺܣĲ
ѡҪմʢʳǣ·ʰţǹ̩񰲡
ѡ̫أʱվҹǻҹߡ
ɾ
֪ͬ
ȵͻȻ
ɫһ࿪ӡ
ҹµ˫ֹݣ°ھҶƮļΪ͵ĴͶ䣬ԲԾڡ
Ϊ񡣡
˫޳𪣬ǽڷ֣󻺻ջߣһϥڵϣ泤磬
ҲŹڵϣͷĬֻʣ¹ҡҷƺе
ɡֱɾҪˡ
뿴ԣתȥ½ָûںڰС
ҹɫڣȹֻʣϡڰٰϡһ΢ںҹ
һƴ졣
ʱˡ
˯ѣܾòġ
ڿԼһ飬˲ѹ
ӡ˯ڽߵĹٿһôˣ
ʱˡ
ʱȥˡ
ԬûϢ
Ĭһ
֪ͬſһСſţ˵ҪѰ㡣ûʯ壬¡¡Ҫû˵
Ƥһ

Сű꽽ʪģվԭڵˮһͨһڵϣ
ūǣߵСͷڷ
ʲôҪ˵ʲôʵ˵гһǳ
˻Ҳãŵã˵ˡ
ʹĶͷʾˣʵѰʲô
ӦӦ죬Ӧ츮ۿɼضб䡣
õľ£˲谵ķ䣬Ӷյɫȡ
㣬˵ʲôĿ絶Сϡ
СŵԽֻظ˵ţб䣬б䡣
ӡſڣһð˹һֻǱ
ҡҡ׹ĹƣյɫȻһ˱һˣʣֻܳͲ˵ꡣ
Ԭҵˡ
˺һںڰֻܿ΢ǱԲһһϣȴ׺䶥
κ̿׷ɱ

ҹ磬ף·ǼѣȴǽӶ˽
ĸİˡ
ð籩ܵʪ˷ĴɾǱسڴſڣ°ϴŴѪڴϴޣͻأȾڵɫ°ϣҡҷиۡ
κʮȡ̲ݣ˳̫ƽͻϮΧ֮ȡֱȡӦ졣
̧վſڵ塣
ų紵
ĸΧκԣӦ츮򸮱ȥͻϮݣֻʣǧʿܳʮ졣
̤˽һʹʪˮֻʣСŻ̿ѹֵĿ
ǹյл̻̲
ʲôʱ顣
ڷиƮӳͫеֻʣһСعþˡ
¶ʮ
ֻʣˡ
ĿһԺ޲һСϡ
СŰͷĵֱ졣
֪ƽȴܸ֪ƽ²Ρ
ǣǣй͵͵˵ġСŵøεѣҲҵʱ䣬Ͳһ˵˳ڹټͽʱ͵͵ݵշת࣬ҹѹסš
˵ټ֪ˣվ࣬׵ͷš
СŲ˵ֻǼͷͷðѪ
µ鶼Ȼʡ
ս¸беһжΪ˱Ӧ츮
һǲ۴ҪΪȨҪӦ졣
Ǵ裬зȴְֻʣСų
ȥ˵ֻڳĬпһȧðĪĺ⣬ϲ㸮ԳԮӦ츮
ȥ۲΢
룬ҡҡͷһ˿εĿЦĵȻĹͻٰʱұԼʮյꡣ
˲䰲붼õ
壬㲻ΪĸΪ˰嵣ΪӦ츮ҲҪ
Ѫδɡ
ǡˣˡ
üĿ£ߵϸ߸ķ񣬴һ˿Ȼη
֡ʷ֣СйԨ꣬ǷšеңʵǶٰʱ򡣡
˼Ƭ̣ͷǵ꺫ĸˣҲǵһͶϵˣദš
Ȼˣұһݴ񡣡
˵ţܱһ°һִ֡


92 
ʱ, ʱѾβ
ƺƴĿڿʼڲϢĹǽˮҲ˴ϢĻᡣ
̵һƬڰ
ͻȻƤһ, , ˿û˯⡣
ټҶ޵ʱɹ, Ҳ˯˯߲ЩԽϡ
ҹ̵ڲվˣһ˯ſҲ׼, ǲ߶, ̵ⰲ, Ҳڡ
ҺãԶͤĽǣ඼С, 籩󣬻¼յ, ӰӰԼԼ
¸OO@@ˮ, һߵ͸ˮ
˵ļ, һֱշתĹټҲڰ
ƫЪŲңѱƫϢаˣŵСѾ˯ȥˡ
˶Ľţջߣü۵ʹ, ֻǶŽשϵˮշ
ҹټں̵õ֪ͬԺĲ֪ͬһͬս£ѵǿ, ܿͶ·ʱټĨЦ
㶿ȴǵһʶǰ֮ˡ
ڹټߣҪʮˣʱĹټһȵܳĻӣÿնսսõһʹͶЦѣֻҪһ㡣
ЩСҲЩӹ鲻ϲ£ҲһҲõˣ˵Сչ˵ˡ
ǽڸλϵ˵˭
òڱȥ¶ס
Զǵúһ£ټҹҹޣ˵Ȳѡ
˶ᣬɺȴʵʵһоγ֮ŵǿ֮ˡ
ټҾΪ档
ȻʧԼһСֻհοҵġ
ء
ֽӹµ飬衣
ʲôʱڵӡ
Щ굳ͬ죬԰οԼ˵ΪȨı֮·Щʮ򱱷ʮգ֮󻹻ϰӦա
ǲƮƮְ߽ƣǻ˰
ͻȻ˸£ֻûһιĪϺҡҷĵƹͺгǧ˶ڰ
ֲãټҲԸơ
ںϣۣлǰοԼ˵ûµģֻҪ󳤹ˣ´ˡ
ټҲǸˡ
ͳ졭
֪ͬ
˰

һ𣬽Ǳཻԭĺ̵˲䱻ƣ˶ھ˲侪ѡ
ٿۣδ˵ֻű۵һ򿪡
֮УֵѪҹɫ
̵ﬣĵȫûָվ
д󾪡
ʲôŵŭغǳţɻδ˵ͿſվŵͻȻʧһ˵ڵϡ
Ⱦʪ֪ͬٷȴüԽ̡
һۣÿһʧصش󺰡
˰
㵱Ҫ߱
ﬣ㣬㾹Ȼ

ۼҪŵûʹȥɫʵǿֲޱɫ߶ĽŲİĴ󵶡
ӣſ־嵲ڹſڣſֹ֣סĽŲ㣬Ҫʲô
ͣԶˮʪĽë΢΢̧¶˫ڵ飬īɫͫˮȾþˡ
侲վУˮ˳ŵ£ŷ˿£ȴ˿ûǱģֻлȻɵɷǴӵмˣɭɱΪ֮ˡ
ɴһ¡
󵨣ǹټ޵ֵ룬߱վڵſڣɤ˻ߵغţ߱
ﬣﬣټҴҲ㾹ңҡݶڷŵſѹѹվŵһȺˡ
Ļ֮£ˮϣ̹ǵ˶ѻȸܸ棬ɭš
˴ڿ˵ңضϸ˿һ
󾪣۸ŵɫ˵ڵϣ˼йŶŵñڱڣɪɪ
ȴֱƹǣȥ˸ƫ
ʲôһϬĲҽлҹգٿͣ¡
ֻұǱ˳ֱĻ
ݣ󵨡ˤǱһ̧ۿпһɼţײ󿴵Ļʵϡ
ңټҾҡŹټţһѾ޴ޱȵĵͷɶϷĵֱɢһͷ
˿ģǰ䡣
ëÿϷһѵֱӳļ£أ졣
㣬㵽Ҫʲô˫ȶҪվסˣֻܱ󺰡
ս£Ϊ𣿡
̤ܣ꽥ʧĽοһ̲ˮڱ⻬ĽשӰӰ´ӳһӰ
ٿ̧ͷͫ󣬻
㶵ؿ촽
𲽿ĲұڴУſڵϣʵشţ֮Һθɣ㲻һڲ켺ѡ
ΧӦ츮ˡΪֻǴǰ֮ˣ䵭ңģұ㣬㣬֮ҲƲ켺֮£Ҵ೬١
ʮأľҲ֮ģһκϸټҴˣҲƼ֡
͵̧ͷעŲҡ
˵ʲô
˵˵ݴˣΪɱңȻ˻ѻ̧ͷŭ޺˵
ҸеĳҲʶܸټҰҸеߣǴκ׼Ѫͯӡ
ۻһ飬͸Ӱȥ
ڷ𣬼ֱͦ
·ʪڼϣǱбʪӥǱȴ̴档
ͻȻ۾ֻۣʪĳֱӳ˹
µǱʪ紵򣬿ֻҪվǴҡҡλεĹ飬յЩۡ
ңҲ֪ں˵һȻҪ뿪Ŀ֮Ǻڳˡ
Щڴ˿ͺһĬĵ
Ҷһ˿ͻȻ˸ս
Ǿһ߾ߴ֮ʬ壬źܲ
ټңټңץĵݣŰˣ񺰵ټ΢֮ؿɼЩҧ΢
۸ŰĻǸ˻֮ˣҡڡ
Ǵκϸӣձ͵ټҰǰڣ˵Ķӣֻǹټһǵóټ۵𣿡
һ㶣󻺻ɴ۾
΢Ž̿ˣðɱִ̿ͣⷢ̿ݼˣڲҵȰ˵£ͬⰲߡ
߾ǵ껹׵ĳ䣬ӵӡ
㣬䡭
ұ㼸յġǱʣ˫޳ǽڷָʪ¶һ˿Өס
һ̣زɱɱǲڲزסġ
ҵɴ۾ݷһƷԺͬ
̫ˡٿսʪƤŹ̵Ѫ⣬ñĹǽ˲ɭ⡣
ɱң㲻ɱ
δ˵۾Ȼ󣬽һɹŨѪɽֱӽڰϣȾ˵ſڵ̨ס
һɾûκԥ
ԭվҪɱҵġ
泯ϺҵĲ鰸Ҹһ߲ʱˣҲܣֻɭȻҹֱӳ
ںۣڽնԣƮƮһ仰
ۼһҪ˹ȥ
ȺйУĲѪȴ񱻴ס˿ȥ
ջصŵϵѪˢڵϻ۳һ̲ѪˮѪĺУ𽥱嵭ʧ
ʮ򱱷еѪǵŨҵ׳־վʧ
Ťͷȥۡ
һ飬ǰ
ڼµוּӡ
ۿ߽ˣŵɫҰףòѹ
ټܼ鳼ɱΣ΢ࡣվڰǰ侲˵š
ϻȥѪǾͥĸɾ
ץżȥ
㵹ҾȥϽԣ˵ټ
㶵ؿ
еĵֱӲڽשϡ
ײӲĽש˲ѿ϶
ְݵġǰ˵ټұԻ󣬲///Ҳˡ
ְŰ֣⣬ʵᶨݷ
ﬣټҴ㲻
בּ߸ŵˮ˳ߵĻʪ½
й˴Ų֪ϽҲҶʦֻǵټұңʦңӲ˵
ɫ㲻ɱҲ֪ʦ˵ʲô
۴󾪣һֳֵŵأȥ
Ҫ
֪һͻΧǰϽ˵ʲôŵǱ֮ˡ
ҰģĹΣ֪ôһ߿־壬һֻŶݺݵš
м鳼ټԲᣬ¹ֱֲǰʧ֮ˣһһ˵
Ͻ𣬵ټӣŵ߲·ˣӳʹΪǰһǴβҪ
һ㶣Ǻݺݳһ¡
䣬Ͳ޵˼ָǰ֮ˣŭ
ȴԱƣ
꣬κκʮһ·ˣֱٰټ뺣ܻϽű֮ðǧΧκʮգʿ䣬ʽǿűƵκԶһۣټҵԳˡ
ֱһֱˤڵϣɻǱνֱֻۣܴؿǰ֮ˡ
ϽһΪΪҾƶһԲ࣬Բۿ΢죬ҧг˵
ǱҼĶģذûһҶʬ塣
ڰֻʣĴưɹټҾĺ
꣬ڴкҵĴţלּϣϻ䣬˻Ϊᡣ
ʱѾʮʵۣ͸˳ޣԵ격ɽһ֪˭⣬Ҳǽټס
ǺˡټͻȻ񣬡ǺˣǺˣɱͳͳɱ
ͬ꣬ƣټҳ뻴ϣǺȥ˵Ű¸·ģݻһ·ٰ
Ǭݸ漱԰ʹԾȻصڶαʮ
Ǭ꣬ϷˣƣҲǺԴǧϲϣ쳣˶д飬Ǵʮϲȵԭ򡣡
һһ˵ĿһֱųֻۣúһѪڷ
־ʿٹѪ޹ˣ˶ڷ޷ֻΪ˱ȫһѪֻΪ˶ΪֻΪ°հȡ
õʲô
ҪһʼͲѡ۵ֱۣϵƽŤҧг˵˶ڸᣬһһΡ
ָڲرǵ
ô˵Ѫô˵һδ£սҲʮ塣
˶ǵһսҲһսɽǣɳǣҲûܻؼҡ
ɫҰףͫ׽΢ȴҲһ仰Ҳ˵
ȴֲ˵ʲô
˶˵ΪãȴֲĻ
߸
ֻҪЩ˺ãЩ˺
ڣҪӵһŮ˳
ҪһٰúùӲ
ɫߺޣȴֲ¶
˿֪ڸĵģջ֣ټܾأ֪ͬġ
βļһҹͣˮϴˢʹҪǾͷʬڵϣΪһжƽ˾һĹɭϡ
˿̣ո¶һ㶯̵޴ļʱӣһ
֪Ѿîʱ
ſڣվһˡ
ɫ۱𣬶񣬲ͦΡ
Ҫʲô췴ڡ
˹ȥҪȣȴֻؿųصĴűһϡ
̵ڰУ档
ھߡһҹδ˯ɫԼˣһʵ
šŤͷͻȻ˵ҹķ굱
šͻأĻϾҪˡ
ʲôʱȥϡ
պ󣬰źȥ
崽ɫҰףΪ£ϷѪɫԽԵ硣
֮أ߶Σ˵
ء
ء
໥ȭȥ
 
ڻ죬Ӧ츮ߴĳǽǧٿף˻ҽ˷
󳤹վڳǽ϶ս˽սģġ
Ӧ츮Ѿҡҡ׹ǧֻʣһǧĴκ飬ͷ
ǵʮˡ
ͻϮӦ츮˯ȥʱ䲻ʮʱ󳤹ڵڶնԱӦ츮ˣ׳ŮҪսٵģϵȫں󷽾ˡ
橰óǽ̧ˣֱѾ۵Ҳ̧
ʲôȥɬ촽һŤͷͿèꡣ
ֻͷС˵˸جΣҶˣ˺þҲûҵ
أôͳһ𡣡橼ӣ/ʵ
ûˣһˣһڼﺦ¡Ŵ۾ͻȻС˵Ļ𣿡
һ㶡
羰Ѿ뿪ʮˣҲõݣ˭Ҳ֪ӵ׻᲻ȥԮ
Ҳûκζ
Ӧһ³ǡ
öҲ˯籧꣬Ҳ˯š۾ţ˳ӣĸ㣬һˡ
ӻͳһ鲻״ĸ㡣
԰ɣﲻ
Ӧ츮ҹˣ󳤹ɱսֻҪ˳ǽ˶ܳԵһ⣬ɼʹˣҲһһ͡
ԡѸ㶼ˣСţǿӲ˵ţԣģ
橿ڵĿ⣬òſڳǿӲĸ㡣
ջ֣Сĵеĸ飬С¶Ц
ȥɡԴ
վԭĥĥ󲻿ߣڼʵ
겻ܺһ𣿡
ԣȥ橰˵
죬۾ᣬҪ䲻䣬Խ
ȥͳһ𡣡橿ɬ˵ţһҪž˼磬֪
˼Ǵ󳤹縮ֻΪ˴粽뱣ꡣ
˶ٶζʲô
Ӧ츮ĳƣ˼ͻ뿪
ĬؿţվԭһһģһֻСèվţԽ
ȥȥǿۣƿߣ˵
ǰһСݵֻʣһ°͡
ȥǣ֣ȴ㿪
橼״ֻúģԼת뿪
һܹȥ
橼ӿ˽ŲһȦ˦ꡣ
վ͸еˣŤͷ
ֻӿڣ⴦վһˡ


93 Ԯ
㡣
С˻˱⴦, ¶Լò
һ˫īɫ۾չ¸ҫۣĸ̱ʯ
þòĿϣƬ̲, ڡ
û뵽, ʶؿܡ
һ, ԭ׼ĽŲεͣԭ
ǣֻЩԾ
橱ԼʶĶһæջ, ޲, ֻǿЦЦ, ɢͷ
վûжֻؿ橡
࣬ԽԵü, һ˫۾տ峺ݸӿ, ɵؾصվ, ȴİ
վʱĥ
ٰǸɻԼϼ
, 
Ҳ֪ΪΣĵͻȻһԵʧ䡣
ôĽĽΪ˼ɣĽȥ磬
ž޵, ޹˼ɵٰϵվǱˡ
֪ñСѰվڴֱӰﵽϡ
һʱ䣬ȻЩѹ
뿪ɳ˵ţӦ츮زסˡ
вҪ, ҪݻȡӦ츮羰ػسǱϲġ
׺䶥ҡҡ׹
ҹоͻǿǡҰ׵գǿ¶һ˿Цңȥ
㶵ؿͻȻʵȶ֮£֪뿪𣿡
΢˫ǺЦüѵչһѿֻ˫۾ֻҲǻۡ
Ҳ֪Ǹ״˵Ҳ뿪ġ
ɿһ
ģǲм˵ѣοദ꣬ŵȴһֱе塣
ǻˡ
ںƽٵһһٵӵܣν֣÷ᣬû˻᲻ϲ
ţзһ˿⡣
ллΪ˾ðǡ̧չµɫһƬ棬ͺƻǳʱᣬưܻмС
𲻰ֹ
Ҳߡ橿۾ֻЦЦմһһңǺң÷ңҶӱ
أǰһ˵ֻһ䣬ƺҵ˵ǰģ󵨣ʻꡣ
Ѿź˴ˡ
橴ӻͳһɫĺһ֧˰ҽģһֱ뻹㡣
ǸڷƮḻ́ǵζڿǻҺưܣеĺڷƮţȴָۡ
һᵽ˵絶ζ
һһһ½һ£һɱ˵Ķ۵ȴǿҲ۵̲סڷ
㣬㲻Ҫˡ
۾һһʵ
ǰеĺУҲҪģҪҸ𡣡
ָ΢Ǹֻǧ֮ء
û˼һһ
ٿطŵͣѺµݸȴסȭͷܿĶ
ȥɡ橺һӯӯ⣬ɫȴָƽȶĺܸл㣬ллɱллϲ꣬лл߳
ۣѹɫɬ⣬ݺסеĺ
̫ƽ
橿ֻǺĻ紵ɢԼ壬ǹת뿪ȾʪѪȹڿһһɫīʣм仮һ۵ĺۼ
𾲾վԭĿ뿪Ӱӵӳڻҵשʯľϣīɫ۾һ⣬ԣˮڡ
橵ıӰѾȫʧС
еĺһָ΢ɫĺϵԼϣϡճ䲻ϵʱ΢ĳԾģһֻܾСè
ٰǶʱ䣬ȻⱲǵӡ
ǳ鰮ŮԼҲǰ׼Ҳꡣ
ʱֻѰκѸɽ
Ǹᣬ֧еĽᷨ˾Ͳ¡
ڶμժȻ
Цһ´ñӣסһӰʧڹ䴦
ˮ磬ʱȶ𣬴Ӵ˲
˺һͣվڽֿ˼Ƭ̣ųųſȥ⼸ǿţ˫վڳǽ϶ս
ĸʳǽһɶĵѪζǽճڵѪ˫󣬿ŴκһγˣԶǹںӰפ
޿֣η塣
бս
¡˳ǽ絶ֱͦĴ󳤹˵
ˣôˡ
еĳѾУǱϧУǲɾѪ¶ѪʪԽܡ
橿Ŵ󳤹ıӰС˵Щ͵˵
˫ת˥ϣ㣬ͫɫ侲ֻǵͷȥ˵ɡ
ء
橸뿪ʱߺСš
˸ϻȥˣ̫Σˡָָӣüͷ塣
һ嵾͸ˡ
̫ʱˡ
üţصظ˫˳ǽ
ôˡ󳤹Ϊ˹ʿֻڳſڲԶ˸Ӫʡ
մѪ˫һ࣬ڳǰһ鲼ϸţͷҲ̧ʵ
вԮݣس̱֪ΣκڽҹǿӦ츮˼Ƭֱ̺˵˳
˫ָһ٣̧Ϣ׼ȷ
򴽣˵ͷ
ţȻŰ嵸뿪ɡ˫ĬƬ̺󣬵˵ٰδˣһǳˣʱҪȥ
²һߡʵзΪġ
˫ЦЦüչɫ
㵱÷԰ٵϣ˵֮ߡʱҾ벻ǺŮ㲻ܹĽ̵Ѫظǰ˵·
Զؿ
һֱ֪㣬÷ҵͷͬģǺţһֱ÷ҾȼãҲʶ˼ף˲ܸõı÷ˣ㣬˳⡣
˫ɫԶʱһ˿
֪Ϊκѡ𣿡ͻȻʵ
п⣬ҡҡͷ
ȻҵϵֻҪҺۻҲмϵܣѡϵ˫ŽϵĻƣƱѪʪѾʧȥ۵Ĺ
ΪҲУС˵
˫һЦȻȷʵУݹʷ飬ЮȨ㳯ҰܸʵԼĿꡣ
̫ˣҲ̫ˣһѡ
橵˵޶ۣ֪⡣
Ϊﰡ˫Ŀϣƺ͸ȥѾȥǶԷޣ꺫Уʥ֪˲Ƿˡ
գգۣСţΪһ޶Żڣ
Ϊӣǲһ˫뾭ѵ۾ġ
˫ڵ۾˫ۿ˾ͺܰ˵һһ̫˶ǲȺģҲóõġ
ʲôϵӭĿ⣬ʵ
ΪҲˣ÷ҰһͯͨǣʫˣĸǾ޾׵ˣƫƫ˾ȻһŮ˫ҡҡͷΣɫȴǴż
ֻΪһŮֻһӴԺ
˫橣ʵ𣿡
һ㶣˫˥ϵ۾ҡҡͷ
˵˶֣Ů
Ǹô˵ĻصĺãСͲصĺãҲûˡ
˫ҹк˵ĻȻЩĽ
鶼ңֻϣҽܸŮһᡣ˵ţҾ仰Ȱס÷橡
橵ɴ۾
ƻ֣ܲʮıΪӪվģΪ°գΪϱͳһϸƣڻһطˡ
˵뿴÷ߵǰܳʷŨīزʵһʣ뿴ĵĴЦԼ֮£˼ɡ
橱ֻۣĳƽ
ɺһĻĻԺ֣ԭֻ𶯣ңɼǸĹϵͻȻԭϲ˸Ըߣʶ˼
ڰˣԼӰߵĸO@
ǵ£Ӧ뿪ǡ˵š
˭벻ģ뿪ͲˣҲˣ橣ôһǶǲŪƵĹ֮ͽɶ־ǰա
˫ƽ˵š
ǰˣǱˣֻ˵ʱңҲź
ָĬؿǰĴ󳤹кܶ໰Ҫɵȴ˵
һ˵ľģǲΪıġ
Ҳߡ橵ͷڵǶС컨˵
Ҳߣҵﶼ˲Ҳӱܣɽ飬ֻ˵Ǻˣ÷ˣˣˡ
˫ɫᶨҡҡͷǼ洫ľƢ𡣡
Űɡ橲֪ΪΣҲһÿ궼Ըҩ˭ȰҲȷʵܾ󡣡
ϵֻʣǧˣҿҪúðһ¡˫̯ͼ˵Ұλй
ǡ¡
һţͻȻ˱סȡ
һСҲڲסȸԾ֮ɫ֪
橵ͷɵЦ꣬üˤˡ
۵ġֵϥǣ۵ġ
أ
ȥùˡ
Ҵ˿ڡ橶/ССƤΪȱˮЩֲڣͫССһֻջѿ
۾һͷ
Ҫȥȴ˹ȥ
ˣԼߡ
ǣ֣Ϊûߣˣ˿û橲Ŀ⡣
ôˡ俴橻еˣͬ˵ġ
ţ߰ɡ
橰ݵ仳Уȥ֮ͶЩϵɣϳ̴ʹˣúչ
ɫ΢䡣
ʹˣ˵ԼҪģҲҪʲôδ֮ǰֻü

ҿˣҩζҩζֱӴĻƣ˵䣬Ѿ̫ˣúûŲǸˣ˻ˮɣҪˡ
衣ſڣ˵ǡ
Ŀһ٣ݺݱۣȥ꣺߰ɡ
أء
ˡ橵˵ţٰˣȶҲˣҲˣⱲһֱҲ̫ˡ
ں˵ʲôߣһ𡭡󾪣ǰȥץ
ѿ֣һȻ˵ֱҲ֪ﵱ˵ĵʲô˼
ٶزˡ
֪ζģӦˣеһҲˣӦеļƻɹˣΣһϲ¡
վڽų䲻ŵɫüĽŵϣɡ
 
ҹԼ󳤹壬ֽվ룬Ҵ졣
˴ףվսǰĿ޴ţƤϡ
վڳ£ͨĻѣӰܶαڿյĴϣһ˿
㿴û˻ǵġŵӴЦţͶһһȫʬȻǵ³³
ң졢ǡҡ
˫䵭ɨУ΢΢𣬲ֻǿʼʿ
޳޵֮ͽؽ֮ءȴ㹻ġ
Ұν
˫һԡ
ڲΪӦ츮սΪļҡ
ǽϵݵԽԵü㡣
һ
˫һ
һ
һ
нʿţ硣
ɫ/ˣҪ
ɱеĳôתļͷڿз֮һȳ˹ȥ
ս죬ҽӦ츮ƶڻζǵصľ˹ЮŹӦ츮ڴоҵػζֻһˣܰ㸲
ԴԴ˱̧Ҳи˶ȥʮСȥ
Ļ𣿡橸һŮӰ˿ڵʱͻȻʵ
һ㶣ᶨͷġ
Ůӿ۵׷᣺Ů꣬һ뿴󡣡
µġ橵ͷܿߡ
ˣ
ս
ϳŽ
һһļȺ𽥴һĪĿֻҲڳ
Ҫңվҧţˣŵ£šŻԮġ
ûˣʮˣûˡ˿־š
Ŀ֮˶ܿߣ˵ԾͶҵ˧ʲôӦֻҪҡ
ǶΪʲôѡϵķʽ
˵š
ǵİһҵġǸС˵ţһ£˭֪ܲܳŵԮ
ԣɱЩ
ȥɱ/ˡ
Ⱥеȼ𣬲ٻܶ˶ȥ֧Ԯš
橿Щ뿪ˣֻúϢĪܣöģԼǱ֯һԣȥ/
ǲΣ
Ҫġ
ǱŽһҪƿӦ츮ľѣϤϣѹ֮ƣڱصá
Ѫվڴ󳤹࣬˵£ɽڲûգ߰ɡ
˫һˣĿᶨ㡣
ȥģ˫˵Ӧһƣٰ֮
Ҳʣȴܶ԰ղ塣
ɽѪȾϣѪȹ̡
ҲҪӦ졣
˫һ㶣гһͱһ˴κʿȥ
˵ǡ橵
Ťͷֻһľɫ󾪡
ôû
ҡҡͷ˶ȥ֧ԮˣҲš踺أվˣҲˡ
෢
˵Ĵģһһ˶Ĥۡ
ɱɱǾӮˡѪš
Ҫˣ
Ҫˣ
ŵʿһ˺ѷεشţ۵һڵϡ
˫һһսһùˤĴ죬ֱУݺݴһˣɱ
ԣصŴģٳƣС
ǽϵɱ۵ˣ˶֪Ѿû·ˣѾ·һˡ
Ŵ죬վڴ󳤹࣬ݺôͼˣսд졣
첻˲ɢ
ڴ˿̣κڲͻȻйǵյسĺ
ͣ¶һͻȻ󺰵ԮˣԸˣ
ˣˣ
ֻκͻȻǱһѵһֿȺһֳִ󵶣֮Ѫɡ
ӣ󺰡
Ԯˣ
ˣ
ȺһһĻ
ϵİ׻ı߸߾ںҹҪɼͻأ콵С
ǵ֮صӰͻȻۿ
ˡ


94 
Ժǿ, ˲Ҵκľƣ⵶˺֮Ѫɽ, η, վ˴κ˧ǰ
һҹս, Զҹһİؽ㴦֣׹ɽ
ɽҰڣԾ, Զէ, Ǻת
, Ҫˡ
ڸϿǰ֮ˣɫô
ڽ/ǹմѪһνһڵϡ
ɱ㡣
ָ΢, ֱӳȥ//˹ȥ, ֱ۹, ӧƮ, ǹ濪ϣɷ
ߵص֮·ϰʮһصİǹǹ㵽, ǹأɨ
еǽľƳɣʱ, ۻص˲临λᲢãս
ཻ˲䷢̶ļ˻𣬻䣬ԭΧߵŲòࡣ
꽻쵽ֻűĽ֮ǹͷʱʱɨ֮˵գֱ˿ٸ
˲֮ãٿس䲻س/ǹɨУ˳һȴֱʩѹš
ڽ/ǹѹǰԲãһʮᣬɽơ
ɫֱʩǧ֮׹ѹǰ䵽£ľڰ֮
ֱֻ۷òҧ˵ɱңԼ
Ӹµؿǰ֮ˣĻ
һ㶣ͫ΢΢
Լ˺
ս˲Ϣ䣬вһΣʧȥȻգۼ䣬/ǹѾƽǹ֮˲ǹҪֻ֮һҪ
ʧȻҧӲš
֮¡Ӹµעǰ֮ˣĿɫָճ/ǹֱŷĹǽڽӳ£һ֮УҶҪ㡭
ѪծѪ
һһ֣̩ɽ
䣬ڲظ֮ٿ۶ϣһĽʯ֮
յĹڱĵ棬п־΢ĵһ
ֱһӣȻնԴ
ѪϤڵ֮ϣ˳ŵڵѪ̲

ɱ

ɱ
ԭΧߵĹ̸߾еѪ󵶣ȡ
һĸױҲʱŴκ˷ܵչ⣬˲䴫սÿκС
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ôǱע۾ȴ顣
ʻޣ÷ѩ
ֻһۣ֮ǰҹϮĻƣڴ˿ʧֻʣ½ٺҡ

ſѪ۵ĳǽϣͻȻЦۣẰһ
Ἰɢӳǰ
 
˵ǰѹܼˣ˫Ƭ̲ͣ·ٺóǷ縮Ӵ
׳Ĭصͷ
˫ࣺԴٰ
ҡҡͷʮϣԴԭȵȥϵıҴ֧ԮԼӾ·ȥϡ
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˫ͫ΢ֺܿǳ¡
ңô£ԴĸҲ֪Ǹʲôط꺫˶ûаȫ˵ĵطд顭
һֱڽ̧ȥˡ
˶֪ǬϷˣ֮ʣǺԴǧϲϣΪ¶ʮϲȡ
˿вȼ壬˭Ҳ֪¾Ȼգź޶д顣
˫˵ֻü۵ʹָ档
һ㶣ֺ۾Ĭ˻ȥ
³˫罣ѩɣҲԼľ
˫ϥµģλҵ󳤹ӣԣ˲׵ʱľϡ
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˾Ԯ˫Įز⣬֮ǰĻ
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˫ͷǽΪеĿľΪӦ츮ҲֻΧ֮
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Ѿ죬һֱϢأ֮ǰҲ˵κ˷˳ϣܻԮһ
Ҳǵһ˵£ͣĨĶʧɫʵ
ˣ˭˵ģ׼ȷʱϢ
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СĽشš
ǽ֪ģκڴླʮʿϢ·֮ߣҰһ·ֻһһ죬඼ƽ̹·һѾݡ
ܵԼϣЩ飬գգۣ΢΢ƫͷ
˲ǽ֮ŮڵҲͨһֻǰŰɵصͷ
˵Ĳ˫Ļصǣ֮ǰѽ֮ǸϸˣŵӾԮǡ
£ˣſͻȻ˵ɻˣɻˡ
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羰ɫࣺˣոյһյҺ֮ǰĸ׶ѣڴѣκǧһֱƾǣʰǺ֪κѾȫݣҴһԮ
ͷ͵͵ˣ״ֱ
ˡ
ҡͷ࣬ĸҹսһֱúϢ
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𣬱Ǳҳ¡˫Ц˵ţ㼴̴Ÿ®ݺͽǿ۴ݡ
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Ӧ츮ıҲ㣬İնҪãС
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˫ͷֱ˵½ɣҪȥٰ
羰ɫ˲佩Ӳ
ĸӶ˺һֹŹֽӲգĿԣȴֺܿƿߡ
ĸ״ȥ̱Ҫ𣿡羰ɳƵš
ǣƬҲܵ󡣡˫ֱ˵Դȥϣٰˣȥִ֣ҲΪֹκ
羰صĿϡ

ҹȥϢɡ˫߽㣬˵˵嵶̥ڹÿ˽ӻȥǶãȥչˡ
ϱ֪Ӧ¡
˫羰صߣֱƹ׼뿪
ԥһһͬȥ
ĸס
˫ͣ½Ų΢΢ף۽΢΢֮ˡ
ңĸףȥٰ
΢΢Ծ̧ȥ羰ء
λģԺιһޣһо֮г֮£ԸЩŰ塣
˫ҲЩȣתȥ
ǰ˵羰ͻȻڵϣ˵һжĸ׵ġ
ĸһҪǿ֮Ǵ治ұ뻤һӣȴԵ޷ݡһѭ֮Ψһ棬ĸٰ
길֮ԣУȭȭ֮ģҪģĸףߵһΥ룬ҲҪԡ
˫㶵ؿѵ¶һʧ̬Ŀ΢΢ɢǰΪȴּᶨĶӣߵ׵ģƺֿǸʱʶСɾ
Ƿ̫ʧ񣬻ԡ
޷˵Լһȥ
 
û뵽үĻȥٰ£񻹲š
Ϲүǰ潻ˡ
ǿĿ˵ˡŰúܡ
죬Щ˼С˵š
ң߾սĴ䣬Ϲǵ̫Ӱ׺ʹ󳤹ʶȷʵһһ۵ӡҵţͻȻЦҡҡͷ
ϹȢ󳤹˵ǾٰһֱԸˣ˭Ҳû뵽ϹȢĹ
깫½ʱȵóһ˽⣬ʡ˰һһҹļױҲòʱðһԺżױټΪ󳤹ͺΪǧΪǧ򴺡
ͻȻпһ䡣
ǰʮʢµʻ˶Լ֪лĽ֣ԽݻеһƺӴ󳤹½꿪ʼ
զ࣬־Щᣬǰ뱲ĵ£ȴ䣬ƫƫ絶һͷҲܵ¡
Ҳ֪ɾȥˣ橵˵ţ¿ɲð֪õǹȣӲá
Ŵȥˡ
橵ɴ۾һʱûӦ
Ŵҽһȥٺò˵ţ꺫ϾȵˣҲƳεĽҩԸſҹ˵ǼţһҪ
⻰Ҳ̫Ŵ˵ġš
ϣɾһƢЩĵ˵š
һʱΪͬ顣
θŹһٰ𣿡ʡ
ҡͷȻȥٰӦͽؽҪίиҵģǱ߲Ϻܾã⣬ҲܿϻȥԬٰҲϵġ
أͻȻʵڵĿ̺һĹ⣬Ŵ󳤹һȥ𣿡
ҡҡͷ㰢㡣
ˣȻˣ𣿡
̧ͷ¶һ΢Ц
ôˣĪʵ
ͣںɻرϣɢͷһֻ˵ˡ
ʱ뿪ҲȲѣôͲˡЦš
·ϴκСɢųӳˡ
Լ˳˳ְѳҲ˳ֻǻŲ·ܵʱ򣬰һ·ˣҺײ󲿶ӡ
ߵĸʶһСһѪسԼǰŵûɢֱӰ˴ؾʡ
󺰵Ĳ㲻ȡ
û˰ɣɫ䡣
û̲סȻС֪ר˵ϥǣҴܵѳҲ˳־ȳ
أ
ڳء
һ㶡
˵ˣˡۣмȵ˼
 
Ųȥ
һģֵĺɫ󵶣һһ۵ؾӶţ˵š

ҲΪáĵȰš
С˵ӵͬʱظţҲˡ
ɶ񣬾ȻΡ
̫ˣԴĵˡ
Ҳϲˣ
һСţһػԴܶص
ؾһĳŶҡҡͷ
ֻĻ˵һȥһվOO@@˵
ӵС
Ĳ˵һӵ֡
̫ɰ˰ɣССĹĵġ
˵ģ̫Ưˡ
ȿȡһ۽ȥţȥ䣬ʲô
Ŷ˵ˣˡ
һɫŹŹֵֹ˵š
󾪣Ťͷȥ꣬ȻؽųҪ뿪
꣬ۡȣС˵
´ҲҪһܣܲűһġһŽһӣСؽš
δ˵ͻȻ˶ӣʿˮ
㰡
˵һ䣬߿Զ
 
Ųءܾ橱ߣֻڵϣŤͷȥǳй
û£Ҳһݸ塣
ŵ֡
˵ˡ橹ǰ˵ţ˵𣿡
˵ȥꡣ
ȻС֣죬۾ģҪ䲻䣬ίˣס˵
ĸ꣬ģһ·Ҳ޲֣ܹԵġһһ۵ؽţ˵һ䣬ĺֵֹóʮǽһء
ĶˣҴ˺ööǣզ졣
ȥꡣ
Եͷǡ
ˣˣҪˡ
걻˴ӱȶˣһֻίСèԲ۾һر˱뻳С
СԴΰοţǸĸ㣬ǿҵģӦûˣòײҵôġ
㿴㰮Եġ˵֣ճ¯ģ˺ööҵġ
ǰúóԵġҲȰš
Ťͷȥ꣬ǿСĳǸﲻãðεģһ·ĺܺãҲ㡣
һȺΧȰţСȴǱøˡ
ﱧòáȥ
걧ĲӣͻȻͷ
һޣӪʶ


95 ͺ
еĿ걾Ͳǽ, ֻΧԺ󷽴, е״, ʱ, ǰл˲䷭ת
ǴеĴȫʤʤ̣˧κɾ, ڴණĶսֹ߲һ
պ, ΧϢŸ봫Ӧ, ʮպ󣬾ʹٰ˻ȸԾ
, гɵİٹٿڼĴ󳤹и˼ƽϡ
ټѾһ²ϳˣ󳤹ǰӦ캷Ȼٰ, ҹ빬ڶձټ
ʱ֮, һĹټҷ, ˲ȻǣõĳĬ˳ӣӶѵĵӵ
ԭ˫ڲ֪ܼ
յ, ϾҪˣͲһԱķ硣
 
⼸մ߶Сβ͡
ꡣ
˽һ·, ֻܵδȵ֧Ԯպ˧ս㽵ˣ֮ռ󣬽һҹݣ⵽ֿп飬պͿͶˡ
ŵױѹ˷ܣι˳˲š
Ҳ˵ûˣÿСĦǴβǱѹãô˶ί
бڳԸ꣬һǹԹŵĳôµӣƫƫһ߸죬һɫ˵ţùϼӰѿݣҪã߾á
ǡ
֣ĵؿһ·ϵĻƣɴȥеӡ
ŴɫķһҪݵõĽҪ£ʶ֣õҲֻ֪طţСϵĸϤϡ
ױľΪӻᷢȴһҲ⣬ֻ˳ָ˳
ӣǷӦˣһֻЦţ⿪ĵӡ
СĹĵģ۾ԲԵò˵ӡ
ױĶˡ
СҲ̫ɰˣ
ֲöϴΧСתһֻĴ󹷣ǰˡ
ȥٰơԴӣһۣ˵˵˴󳤹ܲһʱ˲ݡ
󳤹콵ˣȻʱӻ˵š
ױŵһ飬æͷӦһͷҲصȥˡ
УܿͶûȤһѩ档
ǲˡͷš
һֱһרֵĳһԣؾط±ʣŤͷȥꡣ
ءô˵ģСС˸Ƿ˵ţجˡ
۵Դ
ʱ̫գСԵģȣ֮ǰ˳˺üҩҲײذ
棬Ȼʱ£ų˳һ·ҲûֳʱЩӪʴ޺ȴʼҹҹجΣÿ϶Ų˯
֮ǰ޵ֱãȴǲ橣˯ûվͰҲֵþήҡ
ﰡһԵӣ֣״Ʋš
һһ»ϥǣܵţ۾һбһ˵ţ꿴ˣĸ㣬ߣͽˡ
˵͡Сš
ûĻŶһظ˿ڣŶ˵ˡ
üһţô˵˾˵ġ
Ҳܣ죬Ŀ⾼صųҲ˵͡
ŵҡͷ
ȥɣϾҪˣ˺ö±Ͼ͵ˣպһڡ΢΢һЦеذСߡ
С۾һ
±ɺóˡǣ۾˵š
ϾҪ𣿡Ҳѵ¶һ˵š
šĿⲻСϣ⺬Ц޳Ľü΢΢𣬿һĴ̨ϣһ֮ɫ
ȥɡ
Ĵ̨ɴرӳָӡ
ȥ档ų˸߲ҵ˳ȥ
밲ⲽ̨ϣǸָСѹɴһԲ
۵ֵ˵Ǹָ
ָŵɴγӰӡ
ʱҲЩ͵顣ֱӴ򿪰ߴЦӯӯš
һε橡
ҵԪӣôû˵
ץˣЩ˼ͷ෢š
ԩŰȴ̽ͷչֻܿһأüʻļ֮ɫ
껹ͽءε˵š
Խ̾һ
֪Żˡɥüۣյؿڴ̨ϡ
üŻʲôƽտɲǰµ
ûػһ䣺㡣
֮ǰŰߣ˺ôƢ֮ǰٰŻˣ֮ǰѧ˼ٿ޺ˣ龫ֵġ
ԽڣҲЩ
С£ԼôҲˡ
⼸һֱجΣȥҩ͵Ժ
Ŀϣɫƺûһۣλá
˵ľֻ˰۵ľ롣
㡭֣סӡ
㶵̧ͷȥ
˵ϴ귢顣չ⣬ڡ
˸Ű۵ľ룬ȴֱĸо
ʶӣһȴֱӣһҲ߲ˡ
ͨˣ𡣡
˹սеӣǸ˹˹ĵĶȴƴèץĸо
ʵֻһӱקţɹŹֵǣץȴԼֱӱԼ
ԣ橵ģü졣
㡭ԭ𣿡ְжĿ䶼˵ֻһ㱡ϡ
̵໥š
̧ˮ۾̧ȥ
ûءһºͣˮŮеᣬȴֲ𣬾һɴ磬һյԲ£㵽
΢΢Լǰ
˵ľ˲Сԭܸ˵Ĵ˲á
ͷǰ֮ˣڵͫصӳǰ֮ˣǲԾЦ
һʱֻ쿪ʵûйʡ
ûУղŻֱܡ
ԭӵ˳ס֣ʮָſ϶û¡
橲⣬ͫ΢΢
Ϊèһ¾ˡʧЦЦͳ˵á
շϺ⣬ȥָ
ǣһ¡սֵȴҲѲһ£ǣһ£òá
ĵŽЦݲã»ص˵緢´ĥӡ
橿ó
û˻ܾһ˵
ģͻȻ˵ҵһá
橲ԭء
뿪Ҿ뵱ʱҪ¸һ㣬ֲ뿪ͺˡͷֱӡһǡ
ȹ̣һˮ˲ը˿ѹƵı¡
ǰֲ䣬ÿһ¶Ϊδķֿ׼ÿһϸϸֻ˵һʱҲҲ
ʱԵע˵Ľʹġ
ݵºദǲεľڷ˹Юÿǰţɵʱ˭Ҳûǰ¡
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еŶѾ⿪ʼԼУһɰŮһδ
Ǹֻܶѩҹд޵СѾȫȫˡ
һδѪС
Ϊķս֣飬Ҹúվһǡ
̧ˮһһˮĴ
ôȰꡣ
ͻȻüһš


96 
ҵʱ, ɫողڣţվԺеȺ, ֻû뵽ûȵ, ȿһˡ
ɾ橳Ծصɴ۾
ֻѾϱ, ٰʱʱ࣬˾ȵʱɫеϸ΢仯
߹Ҵɾͺֻ߸, Ӳصɺ, ͻȻؽ
һ, վϣŵذ˷ָһֱ嵵, ۾һֱû뿪
橼״ۡ
ſڼɽϵҲٿһ, 濴ĳ, С˵Ҳˣ
쿴, ˡżذץߣԴ濴ȥ
һ㶣϶ʱ¶Ц

ѵ¶һ㺢ػ¼ɽֱӴӼɽҲ˳, ۻɫСȹڿзһֻõС
ֻСδ嵣ͱס
ﲻ
һ仰, ɵվڲԶ
Ͱ͵ؿ˵ǵܵﲻ𣿡
ڼ嵴ʱûģĪִֻ˲ȥӣҺ·гһ·չˣҲоա
ȥаء֣ɫѩף񵹻
ȻˣҲһʱ֣˵š
ȴֻǵظˣǲĸǱȴȱ˵ģȥ
橾ȵؿε̾һԹ뿪ˣһʱ̾Ϊֹ˿ӰˣŶĴָ
֣֡ҡ
æǰֶಽС˵øǺ棬Լȥɡ
ҡҡͷҪ
ҲŴ˵ţҪų
橵ϣŤͷ
ϣֻƨôˣ嵿棬Ȥš
Ȼ˵ɡջߣ˵ţӿɾˣô»Ӧ졣
ΪΪΣգ˵˵ѱˣȫúܣǧÿ춼ҪץŶ
ţͻȻŤͷϸüһϵЦͻȻŽĵ橣ߺ߼䣬ϣϣƣϸĥĥ
橳Ĭһ˵㶼ǵˣôŵ
ҡҡͷǲŵҿǲԾ
ͺˡ䲻⣬ֱЦеš
橳ĬƬ̣ϵش󷽳ţš
İ˺һϲôõİ˵˵
Ժһͤ£ָΪôõģҾͺôõġ
һȤ˵˵
嵾ȵشǰ֮ˣˣҵ̫ڳһһ
ֻ򴽣΢΢һЦǳǳ޹
һǸɬˣ󷽷˵ԸΪǧﱼֻΪһ֮࣬ȻǸжġ
˵橾˵ţɾֱӴϵµģ
ţ˵붾ΣŴúһֱҵĲڣӦ֮սܾƥǰ賿ŵġ
橾úϲ£졣
壿
Ǵ̥Ĳ仯һδת䣬Ѿ磬Щ궼Ǿչ˵ģΨһ
Ҳ֪˵ƾһġ۲΢ͻȻ˵Ŵ忴𣿡
橲ұֻ֤ί˵ƢɲãҪʲС
ˣ˵Ƣã˺˭Ҳ΢΢̾һղգ´֮Ҫ
رֻøһˡ
üҲ̫Σˡ
ûµģС̴ҲѹˣӲǰ̥λããײ岻
˸ε̾һ
Ҳǵ󡣡пһ䡣
أ嵲⣬ʵô£
˵֮Щ޵ľᶼʧ
Ҽһ򵱹صļƣֿվڳſ̧ͷҵģüһЦһվŵǳʱɡ
Ǹ˵һֱǰߵˣվǰ
橻˵ţţҴŻѹֲļ¶۵äӣҲİԺ֪ͬӣû뵽תת㿴ǻصԭ㡣
΢΢һЦȤţңνֵ״Ԫ㹻Ӣ
ҲЦһ˵ȷʵ̽Ͳÿ
˶һۣͻȻЦһš
 
ǱѾ׼ֻȹټگˡ
鷿ڣӹϸһۣ˵ͷֻʣһ˻ˡ
˻֪Żӵȥˡ
˵ţԸݣΪԲ֪ǻʺŻӺڹһ֮һֱŲ
͸ͬãԸȴǴͥеż㣬Ż˲ֽɣ˵Σ˶á
˵ֻת˵ү´δ
ݻ֮࣬үƫƫǸ̳ζ˵ţٹٱǻˡ
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Щ֪顣
үвְ֮ˣӦƹܣգôǮͻȻ̧
ʱ޶ƸһֱԸϽĸӦ֮ĸÿ²һǧӡ嵭˵үȵ۵ܣСǻŽأ¸ְȻڣȻֻǰ¡
֮⣬ˣǱ˳ɱġ
ͷ˵һ
ΨҲϤӦ֮ߣǹҲûȥˡ
££磺ȻȥȰƽߡ
ԡ⣬ֻǼʵ֪𣿡
֪һ뿪ϾȥŸĸˡ
̯żȻˣŻٰϣǰô²Ѫȵسء
 
ﲻڶϾҪٰˣ˲ٰԲҲС
ŵͷŵ֮еǹޣָŵİͻȻʳ֪ζֻǶǿŵɫǣʿˮ
ǻգգ۾š
ΪЩżô˵
졣
ÿ͵͵㡣һһ˵ţԵ˪±һҪԵҸ⣬𻨸⡣
ţܲʿˮ
Ҫͬҵļƻ룬/ջţҸ׼ʮ޲һǹ
۾һӲȫˡ
ʮްҧŰ⣬ţ۵ָţһʱҲûָȫʮˡ
ţٰʮӡ֡
Ҳһ࣬Сֺġ
Сѹڴϣ˵档
ȥɡ¶ЦеĹǵݵУȻȥȣ֪𣡡
ǣصͷ
վڼɽ󣬿˹ĽףԶˣŻ˳ôġ
û뵽ǹǣѵεתôˣ
ϷҧƭҺþˣʮǣҾˡ
գգۣеĹӵݵǰ΢΢бί˵ֻ˵ʮޣû˵
ţһ㶡
ͷ￴ȥһ۾ܿס
һӾȻֻǣ
ƭ˵
ǽһݣߵ޲·źá
ǽСҲҪСıƭջǹޣЦۣüбɣüĿչ޹ֽƻ
橲ò˵
޵ʱ򣬲Ҫҡ
걻ƭˣֻҪ޵þ춯زǣ
û취˵Ͳң㣬ٺҲû취û뵽ƢСԵǴ
ǲ𣬹õ˵ƭңҪ˳ԵĲңҲǿˡ
Ǻ«ܰԼ߶ôϲԵģֻµʱԼƲסҪˡ
һЦ
㵽ʱø±ֻǵԼˣҪ㡣
߽вףҽװɵޣ˵ȷʵá
橵ɴ۾
ϸ۵վһˣ֪ܲ𣿡
ƭң֣һʼƭңƭ
ԩûأһʼȷʵǴעȺģٺСģĺŽƾͼƵġ
ҧ׼뿪
֮ʱδߣͱһǡ
ˣ£ﵽͷϣⲻ֮𡣡һǹޣһҪ续ü΢΢𣬿ʱʵί
ü㹻
ﺬǣ𽥿ˣ΢΢㱡
ڴʱȴżش
ˣӡ
ôˣʣ橵ºһŤͷȥ࣬ҧгݵصš
ǰˣɾȥӡ
ܵͷ󺹣ȫûӵɫֻɫżشŻ


97 ǻ
𷢶, ǡѡﵱգҺ׼Ȼһᵫܿͽ졣
һֱſڲԸ뿪, Ҳɫݡ
橵ʱʱ, 嵶϶ʹ
Ѿһһض˳Ѫˮ, ľսսٴ˿̲ԼͬʱʧѪɫ
ûˣβͱõ, о顣
ЪһЪ, ûµ, ʱ仹硣橵ҹɫи侲
ôô̲סŤͷȥʴ
Ǹʥ֣˵һԼģ̥λָơ
Խմ˷׼, ƫƫһһλλȨص֪ͬһһͲס, ʱʱĶԭֹˮĴҲŵһһէ
, ȥʱˡҲü, ѹСʵ
Ƴһ亹˫̥˰£ǻһЩ
ôǰ֮ǰ˵Ҫ𣿡ů¯ʵ
ˣǰ»᲻ΣաһҲŽ
˲ͷͣĺ, һʱҲÿڿ࣬ŵŵţ⣬˫̥Ͳ, ˸һ£һ»Σһ㣬ֻʮգҲ
Σգ֪ȥ˵ѵʧ̬ʸڴĻһûѪɫ
ǳȥ
ڴ䣬Ϳϸľź̽橵Դϲ֪ȾһѪɫȹϸۡ
߷Ѫָϣüһء
˵֣ŵˣȳȥɡ
ֵ˵ǴСˣŹ˵
Ҳ˵ˣš
ΣȴǶҲ
ò⣬Ťͷȥ嵡
ҹ
ɫͻȻһ̬ȼ
ЦЦȴûЦֻǶɫӲ˵ûµģܺõģ̫ˡ
Ͼֵģٵģ϶Ϊĥ˵ģǸһͱƵıɴ;̡
˵𱬵ƢӣҲĥ
ȥȥٴŶϱ˲ͷϳȥϳȥ
ѾظϳȥֻվԺſڵš
˶ԿһۣһһűߣڵĶѾò̫ˡ
ģҵʱڱ߾ѲߣһţҲ䵭Ų֪ˡͻȻ˵һʱ򣬳ˡ
Ĭţûһͬͳ˵ţ֪뿪ٰʱѾˣһμʱ׷Ǻ«ܣ㱻˷ӹߣһſˡ
ҹɫ֪Ѿȫѱõֻڳ￪ʼĵȴ
ҹɪɪ¹Ժеҹҡҷɳɳ֮
ҵƵС˼ɽһԵվſڣɫиأŵòΡΡҺõһԺˡ
ڵĶٿؿʼӾ磬ŵдֳȣԶҲһš

˿ˡ
ˣˣ
һͷ
ʱڿȥ
ŵˣҪĻ֮͵صȥֻٽŵĶ̴
ĬضԲ¡
׹һʱʱָ
ҲȵӣԺſػصţڵʹҲڵסżžɫϴڣľ
ˣ
ŵƲסֱӳ嵽ſڵš
˽
ûãֻŴ򿪣ýűһҲһ
ˣһһŮ˫ϲţϲɾŪ֮ϲ뻳ŵϲʱϲɡ
ҵͷĿڻڣˣ
û뵽һʣһ˵̫ˣ˯ȥˡ
ȥֱƿǣڡ
ڻûɨءŴš
ںܿҲ˵ĺǳ
ûҾͿŻҵ
أҹ󣬰ɾȥɡ
ԭӦµºã橲òɵطԸţóǱ࣬Ȱרչ˰ֺѾأѰӵԺϸһ£Ѿˣһ¡
һֱվ̨Ͽִֵģ
˿򵥵ɢķ˿޼䣬ձͷҡҷţغķ硣
ôˣѾ޾ϸضˣԼ޼䱻紵ҵͷʧЦʵ
̨ףֱվţ˽ߡ
Ѫ𶯣ȥһ·橼֣æܿȴֱס
޳ָŴѪ䣬õиۡ
ôˣ橱קӣ˳ĬŲ˵۾ڳضԼʧЦš
ҹոӰ¹붯ޣŵµ˶ʳһɫ󣬵ˣӰ衣
ŵ𡭡
Ťͷȥˣֻܿһرš
ǸʱҲô𣿡
˫۰˽ڻУ˵
ؿĪһ󷢳һЦ
ãܹԡ
ɳĬŲ֡
ҲǱŵˣ߰ɣжοţֻҪˡ橻֣رļοš
Ҳһۣҵʱ߾ͺˡ
ҲһԽ£ֻÿյġ
ŮһŹأû߳ĸϣͲһֵף顣
橶һ죬šš֣أҲЦ
ˣְ˷ſֻǣ֡
Ҳ֪Է𣿡š
϶ûС橸ոһ֣ͱ˽ץţۣղűˮһ¡
üֿ˿ȻڴһƬ۵ĺۼ
ȥͿһҩͺˡ
֣ߴ˴ģģֱʹ
۾УȤţǵүҲŵˣһ϶ֵֹġ
ͿˣҲѪ㡭
֣˵ɻһ㺦£ͣ
һ㶣Ťͷȥ
ü·ҡҷ֣ˮīҲ΢΢
ġ
ʢ嵲˫̥ʱоյعȥˡ
ͳţֻǣ˯˹ȥ
Ӧ츮ϲǣٰһţٰҲٵճ̡
ٰѷзּԶǧ֮Ӧ츮Լ̽һ
Ů˵ܲܳƵۡ
αʧŲҵȻ/ᵽ̨ϣìͷ޵ָ򵱽ʥϱսų˽ݶ
ǰ֮䶼˳ǰõϢλȴٳû֧ԮֻΪسǵ˺Ź¡
۷зӯ죬Ǳ߾ǳأ˶³ΪһسǾ³Ϊڶ
Σ
ڴʱӦ֮ͻȻٰ
Ӧ츮ͻȻΧֱԴӢ½ΧдӦ˶ڿ󳤹˫һֱվǽͷӦ죬콵µ̬ػɫ
ʷֳ̨ɣһֻװĬһԲһȴǴɣΪףϣοꡣ
꺬ȥǧūʬ⣬Ц
һײ֪дʫΪӶϿڡ
֪صĹټΪλλ󳤹˫
󳤹˲ܡ
˻Ϊ飬ΪĻ׸Ųһ򻰶ߵİүҲӦ죬Žգһ仰ҲҶԡ
˫ս
˭óͲһѻǻԭ¿ɳɡ
ѻӦС
ϳϳ걧վſڣ˴˵ţ˵̫ˣˣùҲ˵̫ˣˡ
ͷҪСȴһѱܹ
أҪȥ
Сһ⣬ؽѵš
׼㻹˵š
ߣͳǡþúþã춼ˡ겻˵ţһûǣҲǵġ
⻰Ķˡ
ֻһ̣ԼĴһ
ǵá صǸ
й˵ţҪʮǲܺá
ȵٰ
ǣС̴˵ˣܳˡſڴ橲õ
ؿСӣغһǡ
ȥšĮذڵطźá
һȺֺѾߴӵСˡ
ո·¶ޣҲԲãҾ͸㣬䣬Էźܾãʱһ¾ͿԳˡ
橲ŷеĺʳԽһԵ
վϣĺ룬ʳУü
ô˯ʲô˵ţʱһˡ
橾ţô֪
ߺ߼˵
Цһһ۸ڣҲû˳ˣ򴽣ֱ
лáڿɿͿ
üЦЦ
ôҲУ
橲⣬˵Ȼеġ
غһ
ԭҶһݡ
ŤͷȥͻȻֹ˹Լ궼ûôʳġ
ץָ֣Ц˵ţǷˣ㿴޲ޡ
ʧЦ
ҸдţһҪҡָ⣬ָֻܿΣģҲˣȥúϢɡ
վԭշ졣
ȴѾӹ
̡
Ŀ뿪׼תظʱͻȻֲԶȺһϤӰ
īɫ۾չ
첽̨ףǸ֪վ˶õȥȴһۣ˶ǣʧȺС
ء
 
ݵһ꣬һҹ֮ϯӦ졣
׼ʱͻȻƤ
ˣҪ𣿡ſڣ
š橸ǺñӣһƿӱЩ䡣
һҹͽˡڣҲʱ˳
·𣿡ü
һʼû뵽ôãֻ·
һЦ˵ţë޵ģɰ
˺ϲ꣬һҪ§ڻŵÿβ·ųҲֻһƥһ˾ƥ
ҡҡͷһ۴ϻ˯˲꣬·ͷһȥ˸䡣
յС𣿡·һʵ
ˣСųˣСԹš
һ໹¶ȵСϸϸȥͻȻ۾һһ
ˡ
ʲôڸͷķ̽ͷȥ
ͷŮʥĸˮյҵ
ʲô˼񲻽⣬ЩĶ𣿡
橰űֽˣͻȻ˵Ǵſȥˡ
İ
ϲ
ڴ˯ѵ
꣡ţſڴ
ɣȻȥӳ괩·橽ӹͷԼ
ôˣȥӳЦʵ
ٰˣ̾ĸȻҽ档۾ģҪȥ𣿡
ȥİƳ
괩ѩɫ׳£ͷѩ򣬽ϵЬҲģ˾Цɰһֻɵӡ
Ҳ̫ë˰ɣҪܣŪ˿ɲϴʧЦ
šǰų֣Ҫȥ𣿡
緹𣿡
ҡҡͷ
ȥԣ˾ȥ飬ȥҰ㣬ԹԳԷҪŶ橶ŷ˸ɫ
صͷ
嵵ˣþߵѾһҲû٣ųʳﶼԹʡ
ɽһ̤ԺӣͿЩֺѾ߶վſڡ
ݷˣٵˡӭȥƿձڡ
ôһóѰҡ
橽磬ԼڼϣЦš
⼸վͿ̻ȥˣЦ˵ţС̫Сĸ״չǣٴһЩ·
ĳˣһʵ
ˡЦ΢κˣټҵּλ֡ʷ֣СйԨ󳤹ִ֡
ƽĻֻֻƬҲڸĲӿ
ǰʣµλϵҲޣҵΣ󳤹ȴˮ𡣡
ʮǰͬɢֵܣʮ߾ϱ飬ӵ󳤹ǻ
橲ȥüĿƽԭеĽǾϲȫȻûУֻгص̾Ϣ
ٰ֮ǰһֱ꣬ջʳ˾޹̺Ӱӣ׼һֻ޹һʯͷдʥĸˮյҵս٣ķ֮Ѿ΢ˡ
һһ˭˵顣
嵶޶˵մһ˿ãѾЦ⡣
ؼҰɡ橻˵š
 
Ůʮһ³ʮǻ
κ±
ٰ·ϣϢٿռİԭȸԾĪЩء
һֽĲ
ԭգڸ
ôˣزԣϸʵ
û£ֻǾúͻȻſյЦ˵š
Ǵսˡ
ĬƬ̺˵
ǰء
ǵٰһգɫҪһ㣬ٰǱѹţ಻ïڷ졣
ʮվǴһλŮ۵ǻԳſڲøϸ
ŵ俴һƵһվ
ǣǣλ˰
󳤹ǻŵ½Ҳ˲䲻һˡ
ɻλδʥּδ£໹δŮ۵ǻǰλŮһֱɼңԱ˾Ҳ֪γƺңֻܳƺһˡ
˵ע£Ƶؽ˳ţ֮˲ĿֵҲ̽Դ橻С
橡
橸׼ͱ˱
ͥڵġշ죬ѿ֣ŰѶϿֵͳ
ߡ걻תƵУЦ˵š
ô˵ġһȰš
СӲҪģء
죬Сţ
俴һۣĲУװ
ЩȥɡǣųͷʵҪȥ𣿡
ҡͷˡ
æ׫дλگ飬Ѿ²뿪ʹˣѾϢˣƵȻСŴ빬

̫֮λǼˣȰҲȰһ¡ǰͻȻС˵š
֪ˡ΢΢̾һ
Ϊβڣ橵ʵ
£뵽һˣֱӷΪ̫˱ϣ𶯣þûˡ
Щί˵ţǸպͺþ뿪ˣдŸ㣬ÿζôܡ
橵ִڽԼֱϣ΢죺ǰ˵ʲôأһЩ
һˣģ̾һ֪ģ˵Сʤ»顣
ɫ졣
ƤȫúߣֻЦеصͷųɻǲ
ˣƢ´û취ֻð˩ڳߡ
𿴳˵ԸĬƫƫεģ˰˼⡣
ͷˣ
㿴㲻һˡС˵ţֻһС
橶ŵ꣬ĵͻȻӿ
еһڽˡ
µǻҾҪȥˡ
ǰ˵š
Ťͷȥ
Ҳ˵ˣǰ𡣡
ָҳ˶ڰȽϣ꽫佫ҳұ֪ǳһս
橴
֪Ҫ˵ʲôбһۣɫƽ
һսͲǵĸˣǴκʹ࣬ȻϣӮģ񡭡಼ôõľһ㣬д˶ϣոʧأϱͳһ
ʮĲ֣λ죬λ壬κҽˣ´ݺͱֻΪһ̡
һƣӲԸ˵־ı䡣
һ
ָĬ
ɶǸǰ𡭡
򴽣С˵ţĿϣī۾һί
꣬ȱʧꡣ
橿ԥߣͻȻһ۾ͬʱȥ˿䣬˲䵲סΪչ⡣
ر۾Сһ
ǰѹʯͷһ£ʶ䣬ͻȻǡ
ź໥࣬ͷڵ·ϻζţУεʧ
ǰ㡣
橴ͷ໥ˣעڵü䣬˵š


98 ̻
ʮһ³ʮ, ʣգǶѵõĴ졣
ŵǴºĵڶε, ҲǴ࿪һλŮۡ
Ů۸ԪΪ, , ͬʱ䲼ʥּ
һΪ̫
ڶΪϱ, ճݡ
, ׷Ϊ, ֡Ҷ͢ΪʮĹ֮һ
ʥּһһͳ, ɫŵڴζ
ֶٰУ´ֻ, ÿСﶼ, ʳ˾ȫάΰ
ݼСԺǧ, һСӣҧűʸСָīˮȾģƫƫҲû⡣
겻ᡣСűʸˣؿ, ȴӦ
Сǰ˻Σʲô
橻һͷͿ, ʧЦôŪôࡣ
ֱָëʼ⣬οɫĥۣ۰Ͱ˵ţȥ棬֡
֪˭Ҵ˱ڣžһһ֡
СӵļлӶʳζ
ʲôʱĵſϣֱŪǳɫȹڣƫƫԾ˹ԽˣѾûˡ
ԴԺ㲻ҳˡ
Ϊʲôɴ۾
Ϊһ˶ˣǸط㲻ȥԴ˵ţԺܺͳһˣ
ܴ˶ԭء
ˣˣʥּˡСԺ˷
̧ˣյյ۾΢΢ɫˮˮ⣬ɶһŮ顣
ٸԭְ׷Ϊ֡ҶܲΪһƷ÷Ů浾򣬲Ϊ
橹ڵϣۣ۵׵Ĺʪȡ
죬ȴһƬƽ
еһڽˣ
ּĻǸףհԲ
ټһһͣ¹ּСԱóһ壬ֻƾŴ빬
橽ӹ壬ͷһ۰ͰͿꡣ
ߵлټ
ҲҡСŽӹĺɰЦԽãˣӼҪȥػˡ
Сһߣȣ˵ڿȥҳ𣿡
С
Сһ壬ߺڵϡ
ڿԴȥȥ֡
һµվĵЦˡ
ҹǧձƣ̤˼䣬ٰЦţӵȺѲ˾ҪڻǺϷ̻ܱص˶Ϲϲ
ò·ӵŲŴסйˡ
Ǻ«һſ˫ۣ
ֱӰ˳ֳһǺ«
ҺҡŤͷȥ橡
ʧЦǿҪˣʲôҪȥá
һֱ꣬һǣ橣˳Ⱥ׼ȥһ̻
ĶԬ˸ɫһһŷ񣬰ߡ
ΪҪ硣橽ӹԲµĳɳӣʵ
ģˡ˵ţպҾҪȥˣټҽظ
橳Ծô죿
ţձҪȥӪ
ǵúͰ˵һ¡
š
۰Ͱ͵ؿ֬±̯λԼԶȥԹԵؽȫԼԥС֣Щص˵ȣҪԶģˡ
ŴĻﻬͷҲصȥҶࡣ
̫ˣ
ڶĻУָ˵ضǰˡ
࿴ֻЦƫƫֻһڻ˵Ҫʲô
ͽԡ
ԳԳԣԡԬԭͷš
橿ŲԶæһŵˣЦ˵ţ㲻
ǣ֣ܿӵȺ΢΢˵Ҫߵġ
г
̧ڻεи
Ϊʲô
̫ճˣϱһţƤǡ˳ߵǺӱϣΪ˵š
ЦˣСӶճ˵ġ
עҲܲһֱϡ˵ţҸղŽ㶼ûҡ
ʲôʱ򣿡գգۣΪȡ
ƵصŶִൽսϸƤָĴС
Ҳÿɺޣ
̻ˡ
ͻȻָָһĻЦеز⡣
ɴͷƻҡεİϣˮīһüһʹɵľ
ɫдҹ貹⻪üǸ룬һʮĹûˡ
˶¿ͼľʵɫ˳/ڵƻɺԭҪϸϸƷֱӳԼǰƽŵ١
ȻӣظܵϣкƱ߿һ̵̻ö䲻֪ôͷϺ⡣
ÿ𣿡
ڶ
ÿɫġǿװ򶨵˵ţӲɻ˻Σֶܿһ̻棬ǲ΢΢
ĬŲ˵ָŮ޼鷢ֿʼŪմŵǳɫ鷢ĵָ⡣
Ҫ֡
橲ԴһʱŪӣֻץ֣ȴϱ˳һץסֱӱ
⧲ر˽ţŤͷȥ֮ˡ
ʲ
δ˵ֻԼţƵһĽǰ߶ʱ
ʲô
˫ֱűֻͷŽߵˣߴӰѤõĵ̻ǶҹŻǧ䣬ꡣ
ǰ֮˷𽥱ƽпüű˴˵ĺ
΢΢۾
վҪˣûʲôҪ˵𣿡ͻȻͣһ񣬿˵ʱеУš
˶ͷഥŸԵ£űǼ̵ָֻľ룬
עⰲȫ
ѲԼֻ֣ܲضһԴͷ˳Ĭзʱ˵Ķ
һͨȴĪпһ
ء˸Ƚһݣõü
ȷ֡橶˶ָȴ˸ս
ֱָӽһ˫Ŷһ¶ѡ
ҶҪսˡίͰ͵ؿ㲻ץʱϸңʲô̻
ʧЦճһ˵ţʲôճűǿ̻
ҧҧ
ڻؼҡ۽еҪֱӰ˱
һǺЦ֣̻ûء
һȲ̻
Դ׳Գһ㰧Թ
ȻЦüƤ
ǰ֮ˣ
𣬿쿴Ǵ̡
޴̻һըǧ⣬Ӱβ
ԶȺ޴ĺȲеһжƱһ㱡ɴʵ赲ţͷ׵̻һ΢ͫһֻ¶ǵصĺ
̵Ĵ΢΢ݽȥдڴϣǳֹĥо䡣
ϵֱ͵ֱȵòͷߴ̻һźˮˮУ˶ƺҪǶӴС
ǱӲɣǰȹ̵Ǿ޴纣ǵˣǰ˫۾
橽ëۡ
ڰžУֻʣӰӰӰ´µӰڵϣȴֺǧ֦Ҷҡҷ˾һ
 
컹δݸȴǿ֨һ򿪡
Ҹдţɲܷˡźףվݸǰݺݵвš
˼ҪϣЩ鲻̫ϡһһ۵Ȱš
üҲ°
΢죬ʶɨһԵ¶꣺˵ʲô·Сġ
ȥҰ㣬һҵһֵǰĶЦ˵š
ô˵һֱӵ겻õš
Űϣְ˱ڼ֪Ҹ˸ɲڰ˴ˡ
Сһ
֪Ժܺȳһˣһֱơ
֪û飬ҸǶ塣һʮָڵҾͰ֮ǰС㡣
۾һ
ǡŤŤҪ
аһ򡣡˵š
бһۣЦ˵ĶԻˣɡ
ӹʱͻȻס۾ǿһ¡
˲䱬죬ɨܡ
ҺɫΪſڳ˶࣬עߣҧŴ
ҹˣȥúϢչüһЦа
ѹŷӿ⣬ذ˸ˡ
Ϊʲô۾սСȭͷ˵š
橲˼ӣֻù˶ǻȥɣǻȥ˯棬ĽͻˣǿһϿˡ
ӰʧСڣǣš
걻תע˸ĹǷǣ֣˵˵ţһ˶û˯ţҪ˯
ָ΢ղ֪Ϊη⡣
Ǿ˯ɡ
˯ѿȥҳ𡣡
ֿǰŤͷ۰Ͱš
橵ͷȻԣ⼸չҵúܣɲٴųˡ
Űصͷ
Ѿһ֮ãԪĹҲ˹
ȥһͬ꣬ͬʱһΪɰ·͸ġ
Ů۵ǻĵһ꣬ǰڽսټ磬£ֻ˼λسļȣҲֻڰտһ˽磬ȫȨ塣
һ˹ȴŮ۾Ҳڶ
̡Բѩ׿ɰһ˾شš
ֹȴ˫˻֡
·һǰ׼ġ˫ЦͷñϵİЦ˵š
Цֹ
ɰ÷˻Ц˵ţŮԺһҪһ棬ǧܱƫˡ
һԹԹվŵĳ̧ȥ嵡
˵ﲻ㳤Ļװ׶˵ţȥĸţĸ
ɫӲͬͬŵĸһࡣ
˫һ§һСĵΪġ
ȥ廨嵼״ȥ˸ڱá
˽͹үӦ𣿡ʡ
ȻңϸȥЩԾ
Ϊ羰زԸ̫֮λԸסڻʹ˴αҲӦ죬ټҲȰ侲Ӧˡ
ͷ΢΢̾һԭΪ»Ѱ죬ĸϵˣҲȰֻǻδδ顣
Ҳ̾һ
Ӹֱ
ˣǳ顣ϸǰ÷ͻȻ˵úÿһ¡
̧
λ첻ˡ
 
ʮգüŴɫѽڻȡů
˶ģУβͽεεζ
ˣɵšԬ˷ܵſ
һ㶣¿һ顣
һģ·ƣԸҪջš
ʵǰѿսڴʮҹСģ̽սԽԽңʤ룬ӴɢصӦ츮ȫ߱սһ
еݲȼ䣬ǴҴдġ
򴽣ðһ˿Ц⣬ڲսΣֻ˵˼оȤζ˵˼黰
ܿͻ˼䣬ɣһ񽿽һŲīˮϣֱӳһèצӡ
ģСצӡһʱûסֻèצЦá
˿û飬ⲽ
񣡡æСèȥϴצӡ
ϵǽ壬Цֱǻһèֲúúá
꿪ѧһߣ橲òŵǸŰλ¡
ߡ橿ӡ˺üèצӵĻţЦԷǡ
ҵǾòԬ°Ϳǻţڲͬ
֡
ġԬۼֿţĵر֤ţһϲģҼϾҪˣˡ
ΣֻóѱõĻϥһݸ궬ո䣬һ͹ȥ𣿡
ȻԣԬ۾һ˵ЩСˣҲء
컬࣬ȥŰɣȥء
ϡ
ʰڵǽ壬ͻȻ߻ʹλãͻȻӵһ㶡
ۣȥˡ


99 
ϲδȥ, ڼҶѾʼժº첼ϰأҼһºƣ껶ϲõ˲䱻뿪, ·˶ɫмӿŲ
ټ, ȫط, ճһա
ΪЯ빬ڼʱԳٹͻȻ̧ͷŰϵңؿá
˳¶֮λ
ڵ׽˿ľλڵ, ʼ, еһж֧лԶȥ, ĥʱڸǣʷĺضȻشߡ
ҵһ, ҵһУ÷ҵһ, Ǳ߾յĿѶԴĵ̰˽, Դλлʵ۵ĸ߸, ݽ
ڣڽˡ
橻һ
Ľש˼һ£ȴҲ
λ󱻷Ϊ֮󲡲һֱڹǰѾһ𣬶ް, ټ겻ףڹڼݣһ档
ʺų˶, ҵĻԻҲįٹɸٿ˻ĶҲ˽ӻ˻ʹ
۱òᣬҲֻһճӣٰǻµĻӻҲˣǰɥӣֻʣһӺŮ
£һѵسǰ
ϣϢ
ſڳʡ̻ţֵ¡ЦӯӯԴȥ˺Ժ
˵ս½һдӼ򣬵ЩоλҲҪڹڹա
һֱֽĸ̧ݺݵصһ橣ȴһ˫ɻ۾ײһ
СƶǿգգۣҲŵɴ۾׶صһۣŤͷǣ뿪
ߣ/֡
ݺݵ³֡
һĶֱ۴˴ʾԡ
ˣ˲Ȼӳ𾭡ֵ˵š
һ˿־壬ҧû˵
橸СԺԺ࣬ӦŽɥԵʣɫҴң˵
̫𣿡
ˣӦϢ
ȥ
ǡ
ļʱѰءһ˻δԺӣͿҴ˹һ˾Ϳ˵š
橺ܿڼС嵡
ȥҳһᣬҪԺӡֱӣ˶ߡ
ôˣ
ü
Ҫ㡣嵳˵ţһֱһöȵ͵˽ӡټϣܰѶû
ټ˽ӡǴЧģҪѳᣬڰһ鼱¡
ԭΪомʱڲִ֮ԵӡϿɵӡ£չѾھ£κϸϴӡЧ
ʹ͸ĳЩϱ£ټԼҲƵ£Ϊʾٳ裬ҲΪ飬͸ġ
ӡ²粨վǸ鷳ټҲԸǿȡȴȥ
أ
̵أ˺󣬱һֱԲȡ
嵳̾һǸˣϧЩңЩȵ۳˶ӣںŲֳӡ
Ϊѡ
𰲶Ű׾ԲУʵģŹ⣬ڹУϸȥ룬벻ģ
ΪټҵйˣԱ̫࣬зִ磬վǳĬģɵһվǰЦӯӯȴϲɺӡ
̵Ϊ۵޵֮󽫻ᱻ÷棬ͱѺ޵ڵıڡ
ű֨һ򿪵ʱ򣬻谵ڳ
᾵İ泯ߣعڵϣ״ҲͷҲֻ̧תеķ飬дʡ
йˡվſڣǵԲΣ
˲ֹͣķҲͻأͣ˺һſšֻͣǵһ
ӡеķ飬ΡΡվŤͷȥſˣ˫۾Ϊ޵̫̫࣬Ƥź⣬Щη⣬òۿſˡ
֪йѰк¡
ذţʵ
״ԳЦһ橵С˵񰡡
ʲô
ūΪټգڵʮգȫƾһšϰ˵ӣ͵Խˡ
侲ӭĿ⡣
ֵġУ˳Ĭȴ˷ܣĵظūŵһӣū۾
ˣֻ΢΢һЦ崺磬޲öͷΣΪնο˿̵Ȼڰĵ棬ʹű΢Hˣɲ
ʱĺͻȻ֣Ţף˭ҲܾƬ˼ů
ʵ׹ټΪξº
Ͼˣ̫ҫֻۣ̫Ҫвһ㣬Բλࡣ
Բػͷҵġ
˵ţǹټİɣټ˲ģǣǣ֮ǰ̫ˡ
˵ÿ˶ǣй˲ȥЩİպͽʿ˭࣬˭ѣⲻһɡ
һЦˣҺͿˣ˶࣬ҵʮҲܿడһѧ峵Ķˣػµˣʮڴ֮ǰһ乬갡λõʱ徭ᡣ
橳ĬƬ̺˵ɹټҲѧ峵ҲػµĻ᲻´御Ժ꺫ΪʦʮλַΪټڿΣǼᶨȻһǰ
ǼᶨȻһǰظһ仰ͻȻȻ¡
ôͲѧðѾʪһƬСʱҲǹɵСɾ
橿ʹģ򴽡
й˽ڰһӡ
ǷӣͻȻӻвΡΡóһãŻİӡ
ˡеӣһ̧ͷѾһɨϵıʹࡣ
ҾȹΣһڹټұԺУͰ뿪һξ뿪ٰΪƺϲϡ
橵ͷƽ뿪ȷʵҪлйˡ
Ҿ͵ūЯ󱨣Ӱһ顣
ɫ΢䡣
ʲôֵ顣΢΢һЦóǿ˽ӡֱӵݵС
üйҪʲô
ɱҲȲѣ˶ΪΪ֮ʷ֮ҪΪҺҪˣⲻĴǰ֮ˣһһ˵
橳Ĭؿ
ľģȫͷϣɵúߵģ˶ټһֱһֻ۱һֻۣǺԸȥģαʧܣϸȣ󺵸չڴκֿ
Ϊ˸һ߲ȴй̶Ƶͷϡ
˵˵ıɱ˵ĵȻѾˣҲԸʮвοɱ
橿̾һ
ټҽкըѣγɱ˵֪Ѱһֱ㲻ʵھ㻹ɱ㡣
ɫӲ
ⲻںǲǴκ˱ģǴΪҪκĻɱһ橻˵ټɱ
˵㲻֪սʮڱأֲϣûзš
ֻĿⱯؿ
ɱеĵմȾԼ˵Ѫλߵܡһ޺˵
ҵսΣϽδ½ֵ׳꣬Ҵʱȱ˵ױɱ֮ģΪԼһѵйĵѡ
΢ǵģټҲֲİ취ġ
ʲô취嵴һΪԼߵİ취𣡡
ֹס˷ŭ嵣˵йҪ˵ЩˡԴ֮ٱ
㶵ؿͻȻ
ˣˡʧһţеӱһţǵģǸУΪʲô˶Ҫȥһеˡ
ҪʲôƵűϣ˵š
䣬ſھӿһ
ͻȻķ䣬ͷЦţˣ˱ˣʮɣʮɣūѰ
ݺݵһ橣ЦĴһͷײ˹ȥ
йˡ橴󾪡
ˤڵϣնضݶĵƣϵѪ۾С
Ǻαء橰ͷ˿ڣ˵š
΢ǰŮӵݣͻȻЦЦ³һѪ϶ǣ͵Ƿʮɵġ
嵿ˣ̾һһ˽ȴһֱģ涨һͬĹɡ
橼ŴѪĳ¾ɰӣ½÷
ӡ
ôˣˡ
ҡͷԳ˺̵
൱𣿡ߵ԰ľϣĪ˵š
ʲô嵲⡣
еӣΪζ˶عۡ
ûбû˻ȥֶǰ̹ǵķ磬ֻǴʱˡǰԲ˵ţֻеһжʱѡ޵ʷٶ
ָ΢΢ҵɿеմѪں³ʧ
ʿայķ紵ɫѩףȴԽ峺˵Ķԣԭһ뾭ѵ֮ˣԴһˡ
嵲׿
橿ǷҲˣŤͷһЦ
ҿź˶ǲʶ֣ǹټҰŵ
ⲻԸģҲֻýš
ţӺ;ŻӵҲ֪ģ͸ٹкӣҲ£ǱΪ飬ټ˼ҺͶһңÿնҪڷǰһٱ飬ֳ飬û߱㲻Ϣ
۱紵ҵͷǸ׵ľŻӣ˵ҲӦá
ҺͶȫǹڵ֣Ҳ۶ӣġ磬ȥɣҲˡ
¶һ˿Ц
ˣݱݱ
ԬϲõԶԶ˶С
ȿڣЦҲڲס
ʤ
ˣ


100  
һŴƺʯ, ˲侪Ρ
˵Ŀⶼڴ౱սߵǴ֮ϣټҹʥּĴα
֮ǰκһֱɧű߾뱱ںϽϺ, ͱȽͺ, гд˲Ը˿̳ս, Ҫ踺صȵա
ټһֱ˵ֱ䵱ֱʥּΪϱճ, ²嶨ȷ, дв, ҲҴµùͷ
֤ȷġ
ҹУѶ, Ĺ𽥱ƽţŵڴζ, һֻһӰһ
ʤֱ͸ټµǻʱõһµۺ, ɹѹеĲء
ǰڴ֮ǰһ֮, ھݣݺ϶Сģһֱ˻ϲĽݱ
Ϊ˲۷׷ףɹټҺѹŲµ۵ǻ·࣬, һ׮׮һĥ˲Ҷǰ֮¡
ٰһ޴Ļ¯ͷһڸţ¯лƱѹ, þòó˭Ҳ֪Σ˶һ
ݱһֻ͵ƿǲǣӿϣȼ˴౻ѹʮѹ֮ġ
ҹЪڶԣҹã˳һͬǰ
ĿҲǺȥ棬üһأָֻ֮ܿɫ
ϣʳޱϸˣ갮ԵĸҲϣĹҪϣҵˣ°Ȳ裬мǲܸ裬ϸŵ㡭
УϸϸطԸţ̧֣ϵģҲæµǶȥɣ⼸նڹУö֮˽У
ǡ
¡࣬Ϊһ裬ͻȻ˵ѾȥŸˡ
ŴЭ崦һҺһֱϣҲ
嵲׿۲΢
ԸҲţԼ⽾ôҺչˣһֱм֣ҲһֱԸԼϲ֮¡
橰еĲݵֱߣ΢΢̾һ
Ҳ֪ǷԸٰ
ٰΪ忴
̥һͱԻʮ꣬ôҺľѰҽȴһֱʱʱҪ챦š
嵶ؿˮ
ţȻŴ˵ŴϴʱȫӪˣüζùѪͷƢȷʵ˲еƢ
һЦ˲ģֻȷʵЩˡ
˶˷ܺͲ˯¡
ҹߣյȣ˶ףСȵշ죬Ψ׵źصĴ멣ɫѩס
㴰ɡ˵
ԥš
²£Ϊء֡
ûµģҲЩˡ崽΢΢Ц˵ţ·˾ȥϢ
С˵Ż
ҡҡͷ
Ҳ۾ģȣҲصͷ
ҹϮֵģմκݺֽҹɫӪǿļŴðֲȵԱȫ󲿷ֱ
ȵڼžø
Ժһտӣγһĵֳ˱󽫾Ժòһ¡
ݽʮ֧ԮأڱӦ츮Ѿռݣɳ֧ԮǡԺʹ˵
ˣӦ챾Ͷʮ֮ǰռѾʮ򣬽ڹ̶һ´š
΢ǣҲʮΪβǽ棬ֱӱʵѽ⡣

ǣڶ죬ٷϴˣ߶ˡ
δݡ
һ࣬ɫأ˵
ǵı߷Ȼ˴ʧˣ֪͢Ƿֱ
ȫ彫£ʮλɫҲ
Ҫ˵һǰȥݡһݴĺ潫Цţ֮ǰ˰ѿصģгϢǸڽУ޼ʣµĶһЩث
һĴӣмš
ްУ֧һսΪŮ˷硣κʢƫ̻׼ҺʦңµκзҺԶ֧һκˣñظţҿǷǹҧ
׼ҿɲӣЩκк𣬰׳˧ˡ˳š
ڣ־Լ硣Цһ˵ˣ͢²޶ϸƽ춯ֹ߱ˮţڵıҲս೤ս𲻶ϡ
һֱĬ˵ü۵ʹĿ˶ͼϡ
ģĳǷػλиԴ
ָеһīɫ塣
ǰ塣
⣬Ϣˡʵ
ֻ΢΢һЦ˵

Ӧɱ֧ԮɫѾ£ںһ£ԬϢ
߾ҲֹѳԽ϶տսͿʼѩ
ټмٿ֧ÿʳһӦ֧ȫǰߣ嵱Ŷһ¡
Чһɨٰݻķ
ǱȷʵǱԽ˵š
ȷʵͣ·첹֣ضտɫĲϣü
ôˣʲôԣ
ҲʲôԣֻǾЩ֡橻ڣԴɢ뻴һǱ߾ӣɢ֣Թ˲Ͼκϵκͣ˴ࡣ
ҳϲ˵ЩСῴ鷿ڵıͼÿնῴСѶЩ鷴ֱֽС
κ֮ߣ֮ѹƴԼǳ±жκͶΡ
ָںڵİϻһĳߣָк㡣
ԭǰ׼ݿ֧ԮҿɹΪҪսԻأµλ׼ңҿơ
ݵλдһ֣д֣ͬǶǴĹؼؿڣݱǿΪҪһؿڡ
嵵ͷݲǵ
նɱкݲƣκפݣͬʱפʮ򣬼֮ǰܵģͱʮ򡣡
ɫء
ӦϽʮֵֻʣʮ򡣡
Ǳߣʹˣδ˶٣ʮͷòü˵š
ˣ⡣̧ʮǴκȫ𣿡
嵶ŻδʧˮգĬ
ǣ߾ʧκΪκ޶
ǲǣģΪλǺ޶

𣿡ڣĿǰľ޴ͼĶʵ
żͳȥˣκˡŶ룬ԥ˵ֻǷ̫ðա
ףĿڵͫУݵڹӰһǳۺۣü۸ȣںڰУǸ˳Ĭİǹ
ɽԵǰ׳
ڰǰ˵ϺС׳֣ڴӪ۱ƵùټҲòһαְɢԱƵúڴϲò֣ûƺ˧һαʧأĴ졣
ЦһǸӣ֮ǰһ·սܷ׸踮䬸ںиƽǽսѴݳǡ
һ࣬˫ȭա
ڷԮƵôڲãòúά֣ȿ˴ȵúߣùټҼɵӶƳѱĲңڴըʹ֮೬ٶʮꡣ
Ķơ
ɫƽչ£ֳĬ
һգѾʮꡣ
֮ŵڶαʧܣһδĥպͳģʹϽ׹೯ˣץס۵е˽ƺԾ
ıֱαʧܣʹԱѾȫģټҺµֶÿ־塣
̧ȥࣺǵĵˣµ̣Ҳһ÷԰УΪ˽ܵõα˧
֮ãɰǷи˶ˡ
κʢûô磬ֻ˵ջߣ˵ţץʱ׼ãպͳ
ǡһŻ¡

ٰڣһŸҴ˽˵ͣſڡ
ֻһ¹Ļϸϸš
껭ĵͼСëʣָȾúģ۾Բؿ˵ţǱ˵ģǵģܣҲڴܣûڴܣÿϸˣûġ
ϸǰСͻȻԴûܰ
һЦĵرĴȣָһӡ°ϡ
ȥͳһΰɡҲգֻǰеֽУϸ˵
һĵˡ
š
ϸ˲֣ŽӹǷϸţûһüı
ðա
ԼɫõţָǻĦֽ棬ûм˵ȥ
˵ŷݸŰҿš
ƿ֣˵£ŸɢأŴ
ԬĬúֳ˵Ҫκˡ
ǡ

ʮպҹɫбѩ߾ݳһƬžسǵʿ˯
ֻһ޴˰һĹſڵսģһƵȻֹ
˲ûģ˲롣
ǰס
سǵĽźڰȻĴ죬סֺ죬ŵøεѣֻδ˵꣬ͱ˵һֱӦҶ
пģҷ֧ƣǹȣңȫûи˼ʱ䣬һУڣ˿ɵ
ɱһп裯ҹףǰѹĺдڿзһȳ˹ȥ
κɱݳǾֲ
سǵĸЩһֱ˯òȣ·ѣŵĶѹ
ʴκʮǿϮݡżŶ
ʲôݲǺ޶𣿰𣿡һԾһסڴͷġ֨һţǧ֮ô֣
ҲսĽֻǻƬ侲ݣŸӦ졣
פֻسǿԣսذܡ
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