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1 
мơ
꾳ԱʮѪɺӡ
˿ɢϢѪ֮
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һŰɫּ׵ʬɽ֮У
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ֻȻһʣĺɫʳһϼҪĽ⡣
֮󣬵ǰ˶ߴӺȻأ۵֮ϣٿضһѪۡ
΢УɢѪɱ⡣
һѪȾĽʿٺˣһɨȥ߷һˣһѪŭ
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Ů죬ü鿴ã̾һ飬ص
һ㶡
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ı飬һʱûסЦ
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Ҽϵ˿ڣڼ󣺡Ҫһͬǰȥ
־һ·ƮҡĹβͲݣа棺СɽҩֽŻ㡣һ֮Ҳ˵
üվ͸һ˿ǰ·ա
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ػע飬˵ţɽϵĲҩʱ򣬿ɽ»Į֮أж彻ս
΢һսֻۣؽ΢ס
л˵
ʱǰʱ㣬1-3Ǵ4-6¾ļԴơ
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СäޡȨı򣩣±
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İתר


2 
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ףĬ
飬ȵһЦɽźҪܰգ
̧нѾʣɱ΢磺֪ʲôصҵģ
Ŀɨ˿ηǰɫͬȥɽɽ΢һ䣺֪ģδز֪
ضżа˼һʼŮӵʱ;Щ֡
̽᲻书Ǳ۵׺İһ㣬ɿ̽
Բ԰׵Сϣʼƽһ̲ˮ

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ļĿ΢


3 
ˡ
ϵ棬ʶػܣضڣмļз촦ǰȻмһպÿΡ
΢УһŮӹȻбⶴôǴկ淴ĶѨȻôպ˼ĵط
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ҮĿͳЦһ:߱ˣϢȻ١Ȼԭص顣
λǵͷ:ǰǶûĸҴԭ˽
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ֻһĨ»΢΢ıϣ˼ڡȻ˵ǺڣǱȻǻټġ


4 
Σ
ɽһߣһŮһصȴʲô
˿֮˺ɽһͷֻһƬҶ¡
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ǸŮؽһ壬۾һ˿ʪ󣬲֪ǸԹǸҡ
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ϣס䣬ͷǼˣôѽŲᶪأҪ붪ңǰҲҴϳҲŲᶪأҪһӣ
ʲôʱˣôһ㶼ż￪Цأһӡ
ɿ䣬ɽ֮ϵկӣԼɼӰĿ棺䣬ĪżģܻԼһͳҲûлͷĻᡣ
*
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˿׷ϥӭӣġϡлӪȡ
ڰ֣ʾ
Щǻͷ˿деɽҰȻû׷ǸŮʧ֮Ҳûдɽ
᲻Σգ
ͷһûټȥѵǧսɳΪ˾ˣǰΣݲ롣
ǰƽȥҪ顣
죬ض꣡
ǣ
˷׷ŶӪȥ
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߳ϼ¶ɫδƲѾһڶӪ֮ϡӪһɫĶƲ㡣
ųһɫ̻̻ڿбһͼ
ӪΧս֮ϣǳͼ
ӪŻ򿪣ӪһʿСܳӪشࡣ
Ӫ˿ӭӵľӣʼԻЦ価ɺгһɨ֮ǰһ·Ľ֮ɫ
ЩУֻ£ⲻɵ³˳ЩӪЩʿš
Ӫǰλֵأλ쿴û
סüֶ˼֮ɫ
ջ̾һȡ彣
һھӪʿͰеѺڵأ
Щ˲ԣ׷׾ӣ
֣ʾǰ۾ضŴӪ֮ⲽһ׷ߡ
ǰ׷ͷ̹ñǃ̹ٷһѷ
ѹڽ֮ϣۿˡ
ǰ׷ߣһ˦зü˵̫ӣͶѹɵն־Ӹ£
׷ۣһ֮
һᣬΧ־ֻǰγ䵶ȴҲ˸ǰѺ顣
־Ŀⶼǰɫ֮ϡѾʣ֮ϵĺâɱһе֮⡣
ɢһֳر߹ءʱؿԸľЩ־ɶǻʳȨӵܣһɱ¾ˣǲ
鲻ӻʳļʮ־ֻüЦһʵ˵Ͷѹ֤ݣ
ûо˽ԴǧӪ·ǧһΨһ˹Ͷѹӣôƽµع̵ۡ
ز˲ͷֲʲôȻͷЦӷ·ǶϤʲôһ㣬éٿ
಻ԣü˵ЩʲôֻЦȵ޻̸֮ҪҲ֪һɡפض걱꣬սպգͶУǰ궼ǵʱͶˣȵ룿
㣡
౻úȴ޻
ͷɨһ۴ھӪſڡԼ
ʿһɫӾӪʿѴ̫Ĵ־Χм䣬εԡ
־ʮˣôӪＸʿǶֻܱЮԭأκζ
־ѾӪڵĽʿΧ£ӪܻɤӴ£㣡ôĵӣȻҿ̫Ҫȥ̫ӵ¡
ȻһʣһϢ֮Ѿӵߣɫڴಱ
˲ɫֱ䣬¼䲻һڵأ£Ҫȫ֡
ȫ֣鲻мЦһתʵǴ̫ӵĿͣϿ̫ӵƣ
һĬԣֻĽֺ˼֡
з⣬ѹӣ࣬ߣԵĴѵ֪̫ģ
ô˵ʼ̲סز
˹˵ǲ֪ڻʳЧҵĸ̫һѡ㣬һΪƽЩ̫޿̡ڹﴦ㣬ֻð͵ҵ˶㡣ȻҺܲ⵱̫ӵĵµˣҲòΪԱȥ㡣
һҪ˵ʲôеĽ׹ס˵̫Щ굽ǳɳ˲٣֪ɴ̿ɱֳֺõ鲻ǳ֮ƣĳɷš׼ҽзѡ㣬̫Ͷ·һӶѡ̫Ӷԣһ㶼Ҫ
⻰˲ɫò԰ףʪ֮Уģ££ūšūҲϵǰ£²ҪΪūţĹСһСˣСһͶұһ
Цһ˿þ³һȵû̫ƣҵĵѺҵˣǻ̫ãͿ𣿣
һȴǿѹһѪڵϡ
˲Լˣͼ⣺£¡̫ӵ˵ˣɱūŵģɱˡ
ɱˣʵͶѹʱػʳǸһҡλøô˵ģ𣿡Ц


5 
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죬ȴ˵
ý򦣬ƺ˵Χѹڽϵ־һ㣺飬ӣر߹ذ֮ãնȥɽӪնɱ˧Үڽ¡ЩսսŰҮͷһ𣬴ǡ˵˵ʱһǸǻ׷ɱһ£ǻάǧ岿䣿
пһ£ź֪̫ӵˣʱʹ飺
ȫȻһһѪӿ嵹أƵ
־ؿеɫ˽̫Ĵ͵Ĵ࣬һʱҲ֪Ӧô죬ֻܶ顣
ɨһۣԼȥιǣ־Ѻ!
ظͷҲصĽӪ֮С
*
̧֣ϣֲŵļӲ齡һѵذѪյڵϣͷȥϵ˿ڡ
ȻǸղ轣ʱ̫ѾϹĵطѿˡ
üسһ⺰ȥʦˡ
Ƭ֮һģ˱ҩ䣬һˮ񣬿첽顣
Ѿ·Ҽһɲĵ̣֮ʱ󾪣æ¸ҿˣҲ̫СЩô˸ȥô
˵Ȼ
θȥǧһˣ͵ϮӪƴʤʵǶԸĴǷǳصġ
ƽѾǸ漣
뵽ģ˱㲻˵ȥֻ߽飬һͬǼӲĴ֮ϣϸϸ鿴ϵˡ
˿ھȻѾ˷ϹˣЩȵ̧ȥ飺Ǳ˾ˣ
˼ɢʻŵͷȥԼϵ˿ڣòŷһЦԭ˵Ǿ仰˼˵ģҲɱ˵ġȵңɱҲҵġ
ºδԣ⡣
鲢ûлشֻǰס֣£һˡ
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ˣ
𾪣Ƭ̣صˮĺӼ߽ս޶ɣһǽҸʵĿˣ
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鲢ûлشֻ¶һĨζЦ⣺˼˼ȻǡӼһЩɣǷ̫˵ҽյȥҲźȻӦľ֡Ϊ̽ҵǡ
һҩİ˼⣺⡣
һ̾³о·ߣо·͸¶壬ɱҵǧǧ̽Ƿеɱ֮ġ
ңȥӪƾһ֮նɱҮ̽Ƿǿк
ҸմӪ̫ߵĴѾӶ굽˱ҳȥһû֪·Ϸʲôǰ֪̫ӣĴô֪ǰս֣
һ̽ԱȹΣҡڡʱ˵ˣǾҲΪɱˡǣɱ֮Ա̫֮֡Ǹݵˡ
ͷƤ飬һӹ˵ǧڻĮ̫ӵɴʵǼġı
ǣصһʼԼҵ⡣
۾Ϸˮķ򣺡˸ճǰʱĿģҲ˼⡣ſ̫ӵĿǰʱҲŶԭҶı
̧֣ḧŽϵ彣һɺһɽϵȥЩˡ˴µؽӽң׿ڸңּȻܲȻҲܹ⡣ܾҲɱҡϣ򱱵·Ե޹ʧ٣Ҳġһ֣һʼΪһ׼ġ
Цʢˣáϲ÷ĽȻջʱ˵ҵķգ
ΪյڲศľʦȻǴϻ۹ˡ
ϸϸȥȥȷʵֻһֽ͡
ǸһƽҾͿԵ߸߽սֵĹӼȻַʽ۹Ӷı
õʯٵҲϧ
ȷʵһѷĽӵ˫ı벻ľ
ǣӼʲôĿģҪյķʽȡ۹ӵʶأ
һС˺ѵ˿ڣһ˼š
ӪȻйعӼ飬˵׶ж׫ĳɷ֡
Ǹ˵׳ʲôģֶΡһûУҪġͶ顱
̧һֱŵЦ⣬аԿЦѰëԼδؿϡ
ǣһǱӪ˳ǱǹĽ顣
һաʯٵľ֣Ӯµ
ˣҪصǸ֮أûбľôĳã
ΣеĹӼǱһҪϻࡣƺ֪Ρ˵˵
˿ڣ̾һʵ¶ģҪȥ𣿡
ϴϵۻ࣬ѪˮԼģˮ˺ķѡ
ֶѪȾȻصҲˣⳡ֮Ҷڱ겻鳯ͻŹҵġΪҿ⣬˭룬ʵδԶĳ֮
ֺγ֪仰˵õжôĿɬ
Ӷ궼Ǳһ·׷ɱˣɥС꣬Ȭ
˭ֻҪ黹Ƕӣм̳ж꽭ɽȨԶԶǳԶǧ֮ĳ֮
ֻʱϢȴԶ⡣
ǧ֮ĻʳǡЩӺݻǣǾԲŹġ
ֻҪκοԽصֶΣǶԥʹ
´һˣȥʱһضԥعȥ
һԸҪɡ
ҲΪԸԸ׷
ıԻȫȥĽ顣
ǣƺʱˣ
һͼ컻֪鷢룬һػسãмǰıʿڲ࣬µǰ·һЩգ
ϷˮĺƷǸӼɽŰ벽ȴִս£ҹս֡һթˣǰı
ȻĿģ֪
Ҫȥ̽һ֪ԷԸɣ
̧վ˵֮£ϥ¹һ񣺡£˴ǰȥˮĺƷ壬УһĪ磬˷ı֪ΪΡȥĺƷ壬ء
ͷǰȥ㲻ضЩһ빲Ҳǵĳŵʱҩңҵڶԥ֮ĪȻ㲻ˣǾͻȥ
⻰·ǧ֮һ㣬صѹڰĿڡ
·𿴼Ǹվɽ֮ź緢ꡣ
Ȼһᣬкᣬͷ׷档


6 
ı
ϹĹٵ֮ϣһС
ϣŴ⻺ƶľɫ
˵£ĻˮĺƷ𣿡һ߸ȣһʵ
ع΢΢һЦ֮лȥһҡ̫˼ƣϾ·ˣһ֡ж־µգȻˮĺҹӼ
۵׵֮ɫŨȴҲ֪ҪȰ˵
֪һ죬Ѿ˰ꡣ
˴ıͳ޻ͷ֮ڡ
꣬һ¶֪ĺͯɳΪһթƵŮӡ
Ŀ򶫷޾Ԩ䣬һ֣һ·ˣѰ·ԱǱΪ⡣踺أҪҵıǴ࣬͸鳯ļ񣬺飬һ˳µĽСֻ̫࣬Ҫ˿ϵɱĵһ᲻ؿȥ̫̫һᰴҲľߡ
˵ȣ䲻Ȼسһ£۵
֪ЩæʵЩġˡǲǺۣ
ûлشĻֻץԼȣ·ʲôβסҪӿһ㡣
һƬ޹ǵԹ֮أɢѪɱ¾ˣ䡣ҵ꣡԰֮ڹͬһһ⣬Ҫ̫ɱ֮ĴδװƶھӪﲢǴ֮Ҽıⶫ꽭ɽǱֿɵá
˸ű֮⣬Ȼһûκ·
ǣĿڼϣȻûкãȥҲġ
ͷԼȣں΢΢һЦ䣬ʵʱģܺ¡
仰δڣˡһ֮Ͼһѷɵľ֡
΢ְСȡֽ۾ɨ۵һѹõ˷ܡ
ش¯ֽ¯֮ڣһ˲ڻţ䣬е鶼ƽĺ˳ǾͰĵĵǰ빫ӼɽʱҸģһҵ⡣
俴𽥷ϵЦ⣬ر۾ˣδ˷ܵ顣
Щ͵һֱڴġ
ԡʱ̣
һûжȡҪһֻˣػؾ죬ڶ֮ϣȼµǻվˣԸ
ֻҪĬĬؿűáⳡı˰֮õľ֣˿ɵ
䵣ǿȰ˵һ
˭֪֪һӣתȦ棬ĵز˼֪ʦˮûС
㶣ʶػش𣺡ʦȥҽŲһ£ôȥġ
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⻰˵ģʦر𲻴һ㣡ɴ۾ʾ
һĸ˰ʦҽߣѧҽרŶݼ׹߱ģʦѧ˰꣬ͻ˿ڣμ򵥵˷磬ʶʮҩݡĺƷҽȣûĵӡֲһҹͿԱһ飬ôѧҽͲúѧء
ʱϲЦտߣ䣬Ҳʦ˵ʮͿԳʦˣһѧʲôѽҺָˡ
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һһ¾ͰеӶ˹ȥƫе֮ǸˣҸʦ˵ʲô죡úüݳ
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Ц˴ӵ֣Ѳϲʦ㣬ҵ
Ǳеһ㣬죺˵
ϲӣȴҲ֪˼һһۣ𶺣æļ:İɣһᱣȫġҲȫˣٻͳҲǸһȥġ
˵⻰ʱ¡
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ǰݳüͷ΢壬ֵͣްӿ
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æס죺˵ˣĻһޣ
΢Цޡ
ס֣һһֱ㣬ȫġҲᾡҽεģ㲻ҪⱯۣʦЩȥҽΪѰȵİ취ڻָúܺãߺü·ʹҪ˵ôɥĻһκõģһܺõģ
۽ˮ䣬ᣬæ֣ã˵ãá˱ˣٿϾҪˣ
Сһۡ
Щ꣬ûΪȿ޹
ᣬһֱڸһ㣬ÿζǵ涡
ɵѾͷ֮ϾȹһһֱҪ
ԶǧظϵӲʬ֮˳ֲظũµĻҹɹҩӣվЩл˸ĺƷȥš
߾ս࣬ǿء
ԸȥĺƷ壬Ҳ֪ǲܹ͵
֪˶ţºʦϢ
ʮ֮±ס˼һ
֮һΰꡣ
⣬µƬɺǰƬ⡣
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ֳٹãҾҪصصƬ֮СϸңҿЩˣѪծѪ
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궼ʹ֮ڣ

һװ߸߾һͲһ·񱼴ӳֱС
֮ϵĴǣ˰Ӽľԣ۾Ҿ˵ߣõ
Ǹžʿһ·֮ܵ£ŵϥأо񣺡Ͼ˰ӼٱѾҶǳءնϾ󽫾ǰϾĳϱǰȥս֣
ս֮ϵĶ۶ʱȻŭٹӸҶ
л˵
ʿɫԻ游ڣв֪ӸҶϳΡ졶˵


7 
ս
֮λǰλƷ֮ϵĴԱǷ׷׵Ĺʱʱصͷλǣ˽
վĹǣ׾˳
֮ϵĶʵɨһվڴ٣Ȼһ֣֪ˣȥա
ʿ˳
֮һûԵɵĽա
ٱϣҶǳأܴ裡ԸսûǶʧǳأͳ֮µǵӹϡ
⻰һ֮ϣ˸ٽͷӶ
̫΢΢ͷ佫ǣ佫ȻǱŵͷ״̬
ȥǫ
ɨһۣ֮һ̧ͷ״ȻŭϵȫɢڵأһԲתȥ
һɨ˳ҴҸŵ۾ȥ
֮д󳼣ĬĬ˳
ŵ·ϣżһ۷ž
飡ȵϷ򣡡
һ߼ӿ˲׷һͷ׵ߡ
վͷһ񣺡顣
ǰһȻ˹ͬǰУʵƺлϷ˵
ͷŴ֮ϣΪβ󷶾ΪӦƾвܵĽǰȥӦսǣ
Цһѹ飬ǰġ¼ĿΪڻ˭ȥǸͷ񣿡
һᵽšѹס֣˿Χ
ಢûˣŰ˸ԶȺĵط̾һڳҰµ佫ضܱùҹ˭е걱徽ǣʮǳأһٶҶҪһս
ᵽ徣һ̾ɱ̾ҶսЩΪĽǣȴ˳ŵǳϷ⽮󽫾Ҳ³ݺöĽǲĺ
컨׵ĺһ΢΢ƺΪЩĽʿǸеʹ
Ϊλı飬첢ûǳ¼֪Ǽ¶н佫ǵӰ졣
ΪԸղڴ֮ϣĬ
Ϊ飬ڵꡰš¼ֻҡͷ̾ϢǰǼ£ýڳ佫ǶĬǶ˵ⲻһͷ
źӣҶЩ̵ĽȨ̫󣬳˵۾۾ΪеĴȨɱ䡣ˣ
ʵʩǿʼûƽ߹սҡ壬ϾȻҶع㣬ȴҲԹˣʱ̶Ż
󷸾е곯¼ĸ佫ٸǿͷϾձȨ󽫶Ѿ롣ǼԺбȨĽ죬ҲϻˡǣʱҲҲ
˼Ƭ̣Ȼվס֣ʵҲЩΣѾЩˣǰЩ껹ʹ߳ʹҶ֮꣬ôתۼ͹ҶϾôǿıƳ𣿡
ҡͷҲǰ˼⡣
筻ɫƽ۵Цһⲽȥ
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£̫ӵˡ۾ߴ
̫ӵüͷȻһȻ֣
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̧ʵ׿ΪСһ·գ
ۿЦҲˣŴ֮ϣһ佫Ȼһ˸ҳսҶǳأֱܴ裡
б֪Ҫ˵Щʲô⻰˿ûͣٵرģףʵ£Ѱ졣
üŶ
صЩ⳼ͿסԼƸ֮⣬ʲôᡣҶ֮УҲû˲šαطҪָЩ⳼ȥС
仰ǰʱıս:Ҽǰıս
æǰϵһҵзһδۣݸ۾
۽ӹָ׻֮࣬ڸվ֣Ȼմã¾Ȼˣǰʱձս˵öԣЩ⳼ǿסģֻйµĶӣǿסģڱ壬նɱһԱ֮ʣԿΣˣ
վǰ͡
ۺһڲˮ˵£ӣ飬д֮磬Ͼѣش˷ΪϽ̴ӱӪȥϾӪϾӻسǳأ
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ۿбݱһ飡ľټ´󣬹µһ۹ͣ
΢΢һЦлס̫֮λȻӦ游ײһЩ¡Щ齻ϹᡣʹˣΪءȻҪ׵Ҫ븸ױ塣
Լͷǰˣչ˵ġ
΢΢ǷȻ岻ʣǱö̫ҽɣ
ۻ˻֣ʾĬ
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ָſڣӣӣȻ˲ѹ岻Уλ»ûأʹҪȨӣ
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ഫּ鷿ĻƿƬ۷κ٣ǰȥȰο۾Ϣŭ۾ϢŭԽӾԽС£Ĳֵ
ָſڣǸӣЩᵳӪ˽ڳ֮Խ޴ҵɵĻ̫ӵúð˽̫ɱֵˣϹۣΪλΪ̫ӣڲ࣬ùҹð
Ҳһ⣬Ȱ£µ𣿡
΢̧Ŵ࣬һԲƺڵѻ˵ꡣ
׶۵˼æСūȻǸûõģôڱߣ׵µ˼Ǽȷʵ󡣵ôȥˣǼѾȥôˣҲˣҲˡˣðٻ˰ɣ
ס
⻰˵ļɣ˵۵ļ£ʵķʽȰοۣջس
Լôó裬Ҳֻڵһѡϵ飬ݲһūָֻš
۵Ȼó仰˼
ʮ֪꣬
ǵ鱻˼ȥҪһӲ
Ȼܹļǵã鶥ײӡ
ŭָųƬ⣬ֿر˵档
飬Ȼô󳼵棬ײתȥųŵķȥ
һȥδ顣


8 
ӿ֡
ǰЩӣдһǧ֮ıĻأƽؽʵ
ź˶ۼʮ꣬βⶫ۵˼
鵽۰Ķӣƣ۲ò飬Ųʡ
̫ᣬڶࡣ
֮ϣ۾в㡣
̫飬˳˳ˮ
̫Զ۵ʱмӣʵ򰵵Ѿмܿն۾Ȩ˼
ʽţٻʱ
⻰ҪԼ˵Ҳ˵ڵģͼġȰۣˡūһ졣֣̫ӼΪæ˲ϱҲеġ»ڹʱ򣬾Т
Ļû˵꣬ǶȻķӦԼ⻰ﻯ˼ʵΰ¾ͳûٻ
໺صͷʾС
ѹͷһ׮˽ķ۳һʱùࡣ
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ʮ֮󣬶걱Ӫӵ˵Ͼʥּ
鹧عؽֹּشּڹ٣Ӫ֮һֱеʥּĬ
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ʥּݹȥðԼ
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10 
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ǱǱóҪأҲƽ顣עһʷɢڳڵӡһƣǷʤ⹫Ӽӵеģǵñ֮ı硭
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11 
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ӼʱɱУͷȨıԦ֮ġ
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12 

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һˣԾˮܡеָɳϵĺӵ
ͷá׼𣿡
̧֮ǰʧǧҲҪǸ˴ȥɽӪȳҲȥӦȥλˡ
΢УãϾ󣬶˽ࡣ¶̫ǧƴǴȥɽȳΪʱṼµġ
תͼĿڵͼһ³ǱԵĺƷ壬Цֱ۵ף㻹ǸһźӰңزṼĺ⡣
*

ɪɪվԭأΧںһƬĴ󺰡
Ŀ֮죬Ũ̹ΧϴըԼ˵ذ
ССһˣվڻм䣬ĴѰŸӰ
硭İҲˡǡҰɣ
ССںڰɪɪԼĸ첲һһڻǽ֮УΧȵ¶ȣϵмȥ
Ȼ֮дһ۾һæȥ
һӰ߸ԾԽǽոպߣϵӰס˻
˼ųؽеǡ𣿡
Ȼ洫һ׷ˣ
ϵӰԥӣһѰӵקһϡ
ݣ
һӼͷӣһ磬ԥسƬ֮ء
ȵ¶ȴӼȥһ˿
˶ſӣҪ̧ͷȥǲǵ
˭֪һʹֻܷ뷨һ̧ͷȴһֻŹɫâǰζ

޷Σȴڲۡ
ϣһֱܡһֱܡ
ǰ޾ĳôҲ·ľͷʲô

һѣ
֮ڣ俴Ǻʯ֮ϣͷ鷢Ѿʪɫ԰ף촽ࡣ
һֻذסţӿ䣬ƴ󺣲һӿ
ⲻǺͷ
䵱ϣּ̧£˲ȥĻ
۵Ŷͷϵĺ
ÿÿ뼾չأ֮ǰǰһҹ飬ͻˡ
ļǰһҹڶ궼֮⣬ͬϼһɺĻ˼
ӡڴϵĻƴ̣Ҳӡ˼Ϊ䡣
ʮﰧ쳹ʣȴ޷ϴ
䲻֪ʱֻʮһļδƬ֮شġ
ֻ֪ҵʱ򣬼ͷ·лȼչĺۼ
СӾôޱȵʬţһϢ
ҹ֪ƣѰңҲܿʬ֮УӶ͸ġѾȾһƬۻľ
ۣʬɽ˱ȱʬѹסļ
䣬һ仰ǣҾ֪ҡ
һʯôصĵף˲ʹ۾˳
һ·ϣ߹ɽ֣Խ
ߵԼǲż˶ã˾ôһһũҵǰ档
ǲǾȻ˯˼죬ô˹
ʱҲʮꡣ
ǻũҿһսɥʧȫˡ޿Ŀá
ΪüũõˣÿղũһССļԼ廹صĲµǻũҵ˶ĸߡ
ǣССͣȻʶҩɽҩƳҩģԶϵҩܸũһЩá
ôʡĵСҽʦڼ˷ֵβ
ȻǴһ޷ߡʱضпĺӣũȴ᲻뿪
ǼũصãԼ˴̼Ӱ
ÿճ˳Է˯˵һ仰
Ҳǿ˵ÿֻǾľչ˼ϵˡ
º٣˷ʱ򣬼ڿ´·ˡ
ԥذԼƽɽҩҩһЩͭǮȫǼǵũȻż֪ɽ
ũͭǮ뼾
Ǻò׵ʦΪβʦɽǣ䱳żɽ֮ϡ
ıϣòſڵǼңǾ֮Щ˷ûȻ˵Χ׷ҵ䡣
һ˵ˣ̫Сò̫üǡѦҽȥǣȻǼ˼̣ҹڻҲΪ֮֡ΪǾսʧĽãպʣҲΪһЩرļ䱻ץߡսҵʧ̫ˡ
ͷ֪Ӻʱ𣬼Сġ
ÿνƺõҩģҲͬһҡ
ΪСģǲƫСũо¡
Ҵδʹ㣬һգδƬӳģСĽ£һһš
л˵
ղز·ѽ~


13 
ݼĺƷ
۾Ҽǲ̫ˣֻǵһ·ҡҽڻԣֻһ塣ʵɫƽ˼ҿԵõġ
Ȼ˾㣬Ϊְ㶪ڲʬ֮أ䲻⡣
Ŭ䣬ǵʱ̫ң޷ϸڣֻǵøһһ߶ȥȥһҪȥ
ļһƬḷ́Ѭʶģ塣
֪Լ˾ȴ֪ԼΪλᱻڲʬ֮ء
һļͬˮһû׵ռеǣһҹһҹѪ¾һҹͬ
ɫǣɫ԰ף֪Լ໰㲻ȥ
żķӦ֪ʵһ飬δزǵãֻһļ̫ʹ࣬Ըѡ
ɽ⣬һȺʱ
俴СذѼȥ֮ϡ
һް߰ףЩɷ֮ߡ߿д󾪣æƽ֮ڣϸϸذ
ߵɫԽԽѿСʣʦôˣ
ü֮֮ɫþò
ȻڣѦҽѾӹŹ߹һˣûʲôµģֱ˵ǡ
Ѧҽ̾һȾƺǱʲô˿ϣټȱ۶ϡȿ£Ȭˡ
΢ͣѦҽ˼ǣԺҪһֱչΪ𣿡
ѦҽԼĺӣûлش𣬵˼ȴԲˡ
һ߰գˮ
ѦҽͷȥһգоȬķӡ֣߰ɡ
ǡ⴫һ֨֨ѽѽػǰС
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˯ûãתѡ
˵ʵʲôˣ
԰׵¶һ˿Ц⣺μڻ֮Уҷų͸ҵĴŵĸӣȻˡ
סˮǰҵĸˣȥˡ㻹ǵãԭ㻹ǵá
ŬҵȻǵãй飬Ҷǵá˵һҽȵĴˣôƫƫڶ긽ɽϲҩҿˣһעҵɣҾ㣬Ȼҡ
漾˲ͷϵĺһҹ˶٣
ЦҡͷôҶֻǵڻǻǰһɶ벻
Щôÿμ仰
ԶڻǻԶǰҡε壬Զûоͷ·
۵˵ذգѾ˶ʮˣȥġ
а㣺ʮաѾȥʮҪȥǱӦѾ䶨ˡ
ͷѼϣϸһ̺ӣȻҡ
ɽſڵһȶĿķ
ʯŴ򿪣۾վ
ѯʵĻû˵ڣȻֿʼûԵɵزֻͷڵĻ˵ڴٹ󡣡
Ц䣬ȥɽȪ֮ϴһ¡֣ȥӭǵĿˡ
ֵͷһ²ʧһƬ̵ľͷ
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һ֮£ǰ󷨣ȻһӾƳвɵһ
ٹǹԨһеŶݼףаԲҵţǾԲܴӰٹġ
ٹܹԻǵĲҩʱԽԽײþ
סҹ͵Ϯ֮˵ŶݼףԽӰԽǻڰٹǻ
ɫµӣֳһɫĳֱýɨƽ֣ԼΡ
󿪴صƣƺôһµ˼
еɫս飬Ȼ
ִδŰ֮ˣ΢УִӹһѱĳȻڿлһɫĲӰѩ磬Ʈȥ
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ȥ
һ˦棬ЩҶƱСУ籩һӡ
ӿҶ꣬¶һ˿Ц⣺ĺ翽Ȼ鴫һ
䣬ɫ¹Ȼǽڿ˲նʮ£ֽҶֱһŽе÷飡
ֻܿŽһƮڵأҶ¡
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ӵͷЦСӣ
֪Цеâ԰ѺҹҲڰҹлСǰ·δ
̬ȣҲգֻ΢Цţȭѽģ񣺡顣֪
λǼӰɣ
Զİ˲ٶ䣬̽ͷһŷ绨ѩ¡Ϣİꡣ
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ÿɴ籣ȻһµļȥɽϿǰ
յ¥ɴ֮䣬ǧ˿˳£󣬵ٵϸָƣ֮⡣
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ͣ£ңͷ£þò
ǼһСС룬ͫ΢һĵζЩð
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ĺƷϵĲ裬ϣ£Ҫһơ
ĿֱߵĲյ֮ϣһЦյϸϸһڣŵŵ¥ŵĲԼһ˳ᢵġӼ


14 
ı
һ£Цõ¼Цˡ
²յԼˡ
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ͷǡ
š¶üáָָ¥һƬ鿳֣˵¶ô˵
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صģǻġҳ󷨣ȻҪѵҰ·ӣϹ⣿
Ұ·ӣ
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˼ǳֻܰڰ֣ˡǵԼٻᣬȻңЩˡ
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ͷ˹Ʈڱյ֮ϵķĩ˴ˮûҪ˵˼
ȿڣֻȿ˵ЩⲻʣжǣԸȽ⿪ɻ󣿡
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ʣڶ࣬ҲΪڶڶУѡң
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Ȼ֮ǰѾǰ˼𰸣ȴûĻشȻֱӣҲκ档
ԼؾٶЩѿȴʼδ¶
ȻڼҪΪµıʿͱԼԳϵĴȡ
Թž飬ڶ踺أպҲѳɴ
ȻǸŮӣкȻأı嶫߹ء
֮ˣǳĳé®λΪã
뵽鱣ŻõĽ΢Цʵν⣿
鰲Ȼӣаһ°ͣšʵ˼Ҳе
֮ⷬЦγԣ
һ̯֣͵Ǹӣӣûзأ۶ǰȺ۶˼벻ӿҲͦ
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鱧ȭģǣʵȷʵûκηءǹĿôƣ㻹ѡң˵дˣ𣿡
ֳԼԴһֻḧŲյıԵҪԸˡ
Ը𡭡
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ͷ˵̫ʦ¸أ̫ʦ֮ǰι񡣶εԱвٶǹ̫ʦԾټεġҹ̫ʦԺϤ۾Ҫ̫һµʱȻ㰲һŵԵ¡̫ʦСŮ谮Ľ֪ȻǹˮҲʮҲûмˡȢ˹̫ʦ谮СŮ̫ʦȻҲڳһ֮統ôľĶ̫֮λһ
ЦȻ㡢ҡ¶֪̫ʦСŮ޸ңõѡѵͲ֪𣿡
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ģаЦԵʵ¸ɻ飬ԼĸϣΪ鱻ȥĿ¶Լ£ץסѱԵ취ͻ飬԰ɣ
ͷ֪ߣҲ
ҡͷ϶˵飬϶ⲻ˵ġ۹͹˼ֻ֮ͣΪһֱսŵ񡣻ʼҹأڵʮ꼰֮֮Ӧѡ
˷˳ٹȥ֮ǰ©һٵȫҪϡǹ̫ʦŮҲǱҵĹǱҵĹԸ̫ʦŮ
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ԭеķǣ׵ıȥâԳɻԡ
ʣ֮ΪһҲΪ
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صͷԸоԵҳϣźüԦ
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л˵쿪ڶ ĵղ~أղزûкƼ~ 


15 
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鷿ڣ۾ľϲüңЦӯӯһѺӣطһߡ
ڶ۾߶ʮڹ٣۾ЦգæһյõȲ裬ʵʲôñ˸ˣūҲմմϲ
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޴ϵһӣʵ˶߽֮սⲻͿ̿ȷʵһΪĺõ£
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΢Уľʲôԡ
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۵ͷȻ۵ס̫Ѩ״ǰѯǷ̫ҽ
ۺȻŭȵҽԺҲһȺͷ۵ëǷǵβãԽԽƵˣҽԺҲ̫Ӹշ˰գ
վڲ಻˵
һᣬͷ۵ëŻҲûѰ˼̫˼ľͷֻܻ޵ЪϢ
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ش𣺡ūʹҽԺˣҹ̫ӵ˷纮Щգ農գЩҩͿԻָ
һӣĵʱ򣡡ٶԣתȥ
л˵


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16 

ٹٳ֮۾ּ⣬һ顣
һءվڳĹۣȴҲûиߵСۣҲǵͷһʥѵӡ
˲ˣϾǳص飬ղŴʡ͵մ֮ϵ֪ˡ
δ鷿ϢͲֶߣɼ̫ڳ֮ϴʲôز
䣬һֲõԤУҪڣһʷǰ΢£ࡣ
üͷһ壬Цһװһõ飺˵Ҫӵ顣
ʷ̧ͷ΢Ҫ飬ӵ顣
ۿŵվŵʷ̬ȵȻ𾴣֪ʷǲòˡ
ʷ̨졢Աټ͡
ĵطۿԲʷ̨ʷǵۣ
ȵڵʱͶµĹء
°ͣʷ˵
ʷ˿ûв۵Ĳãе۳ϣ˵¹Ҫϴ󽫾ӵ£
һվǶ׷̧ͷˣۿǸϵʷ
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ʷͷһһ仺˵ǰϲ˧֮ʱûоԴǧһ·ϡǧﱻػ񣬷ɱڱĮԭ֮أһûоԳΥһ껨ѵǧǧŰɱҶʧأϾնɱ̫ӵȥ͵ڹ٣Ӷ괢ΥĿ޾ϣΡ졣
ڹϣʷΥĿ޾ǰսպյ飬Ŀ
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Գ֮ϣԹҷĳԹǰںΪľҪɱһɱЩٵ
ʷԣ۶۶ײȥ
Ǳ൱ڳ𣬶˾ǳϵǸС
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ʱ֣ЩΪԼһЩϵ飬ĺȻ˿ڡ
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ʯһʵ˵꣬ڵϵʷһţйߡ
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17 
йߡ
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Ŀɿڴ˵ʷд̫ӵָʹģ
̧۸һɫ۲Ĳɫ
ͷȥĲǱտڲԣﱧˣһ²ؼӡ
ٿԱҲˡ
뻮һĶԾǰͨ
˲תͷѹ˴Ĵָ˵һ䣺̫ӵУߡ
վڵ۾֮µĹ̫ʦһֻҡͷ
ͬгһ佫Źʷ־нˡ
۲֪ʱѾԹԵ˳뿪
ûвµĴԱǣӲ½½ĳˬǣʷǡ
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ʷǳ˵һţʮλҽҩ伱ҴҵظЩ˵ʷӵҽԺơ
ҽԺһʱˣͥУʵȴǾ
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̫Ӵ飬ѹб߹صͼ׾ǰšŰɱŷں󣬻ĸ佫޳ǸΪһϸЧͣ
Ĺһֱѹ١
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ԱտϷı飬ʷڳ֮ϳû찵ء
֮ѸߣЩӣȫո没ڼҡ


18 

һ³Ժӣ³̫ʦԺȥ
ףӻˡ̫ʦ
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ۼֿذѿһߵȸ׵˹ȥȻڲţһ
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19 
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۾̫ӵĻֹסߣô˵̫û赲Ĺ̡
ʷ̨ô
䣬ʲô𣿡۾̧ͷ֮ٹ١
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ǶźڲˣȻ֪ôԲѣЦǣТ֮ĸжأ±Ȼתġūȥ̫ҽ˳͵һ̰գ
Ƴһ죬̧ǰ棬ں档
ںǽΧ֮С
Ƿͷ鲻ĲȻһ⡣


20 
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ڸжʮ˰ɣȻп
첻֪⻰⣬Դֻܻص̫ӵµĻǵģǱɣʩūĶ顣
΢Ц죺ȻǶ飬ȻҪúûرġ
칪ӣȻЦ⣬۾ȴ˪
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ԻæԺˮǰԼӣͷָ˸תſڣӭ
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ͷЦʵ֪ĸпѡ
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21 
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ԻʺοصͷԻݵ֣ģ䲻λĸһȡһλãһޱȡ޸ӣܹûгʳԺȻһˣ
Իݵͷǣȫƾ
ǰοһñһݷļױޣСԼҵĹ
ԻʺҲǸͣһᰴնĹƣðһ׼ױسޣ
̫ʺ󶼰ѻ˵ˣʲô˵ģ
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Ǽӣ޹ȥԼҡ̫Ӽӵ˶ѡ
뵽ԻݾԼҲϵİ÷һ㣬ӭѩ˪
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ԻݶĿ˵룬£Իݰл̫ӵʺ
ԻʺգȥŵСķˣ̫һϲġ
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⻰һ룬ݺݵشԻʺѡ
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Իݵ޴˵ǱϹš


22 

ԻʺͷǾͽСЩϲԵСˡ
Իݸʾ֪ˣ׼ȥȴԻʺˣó׼ˣȥ
Ի΢΢һ㶣Ѿܾò飬裬ūһȥա
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23 
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24 
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25 
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26 

ŮͷŹˮ۾Ȼˮ˿ߵ꣬סᣬһͬ
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27 
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31 
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ˮҴ˵ѹ, ſǻʵ࣬Ǳ𣿡
̧ͷ˿ܣܶй͸صӦһӡɱΪҪЮʲôˡ
ô֪˭һװˮ޲, κα˰, Ρ
صӦǺڸΧ, бռǷǽҹɫ, ǧѷĺûᣬ֡
ǰǵͼʲôأˮ˼⡣
Ҳ֪εҡҡͷܻһ˿, Ȼ, ǳмǲ֪˭ǹС, ֻҰǷһ߰ҵ, 㵽˭ǹˮ, ǵǧҪָҡ
ΪΣˮɴ۾
̫ʦڳҰ֮Ȼû˸Թǰﻹ뿴˳ԱЩ˻УǱ̫ʦһֽ۱ٵˡ˭ܹС㶼ֻһֿǱΪҪйߡʱȴСĿƤ֮࣬ҲпǶϷ֮ʹҼСȻģС㶥һ֣ҲṼС㡣˵棬Ϊʵ벻ǵܴõʲôô
ŹˮĶȥ̫ʦʲôǱȻǲʵֵġ
Թ̫ʦΪˣڸˣպҲһ뾡һа취ջȥһѹˮܵӱ
ܹˮȥ̫ʦǾһʴһʼעǿ
롭
ˮȻɴ۾˵᲻˰ң
һ漴üʵγԣ
ˮǻӸȢҰ
ҡͷûӳӶЩкˬǲ£ֱӾܾûҪĵַ
밡ˣ˭ˣˮߴ˴գ϶Ӱ϶ϣҼ޸ΪҼ޸ͳΪһϦദʲôҵģ˵˵һ̫ӡ
ˮѾŵ״Σ֪Լ˵Щʲô
໹һȻ²¶ۣҪҲˡǼסˣָֻǹСǡ
˷ѾָˣҶˣ
ûиͱһȴϡ
漴ͱ˴򿪣˼ӣһΪ׵ӿˮϵĲժˣ̲סЦб°µôʵժˡ
ʶǰ˿ѹˮ󣺡ʲô
ʲôʲôʲôٺٺٺٺ١Ϊ׵ǸһЦ˵ձ֣໤Ĺˮ˳ȥ
ˮһŤһߵҪʲôҪң
ɫһ£˵飿
Ϊ˲ٶ໰ֻǻһ֣ѹˮһ
һ㴫ˮ޺ʲôſңſңҵǵģ
漴·˺ˮԼӻЦ
üͷ壬һһƬָ֮䡣
ͬʱ⣬ƺѰʲô
ȻֻԼǰһһɫӰӹڵſڣֱӳӡ
ˮ޺ѾֹͣƺԼʲôطĳص
Ȼ󡰶ǵཻ
üһᣬѾȫȻûжֻƬ̣ѼеСԭ
ȻǵӰ˻򿪹ķţһڹϵӱϡ
Լ¶ࣺȥϰɣܵ˾ţԸ
ʶؽסǼ·¹⣬һĲӡ¹⣬鵭Ȼ·ɽȪһ䡣
ƺе죿
ֻһ˲ʧ񣬱վܵڵ
һӵصˣһֿŵĽǶбţһб
ֻһнˣѪ˵ɴ۾ǰƺʲôŵ顣
ˮ·䣬ԭͷϵ㷢Ҳɢ࣬òǱ
ܹȥҪ·ϡ
ȴƴȥһֱţҪҪҵŹǵģҵŹǵģ
һᣬСңࡣ
ࣿˮַӦһᣬȻ࣬ޣ࣬Ҿ˵ɣĲȢҡֶң
ҡͷȴ޷״̬µĹˮϸ˵ֻܵ·ãȻȥ˵
ˮתץסĸ첲ҪңǴȥҵûˣ
లοҲ˵ġ
ˮ࣬Ǹ½͡
ǸͼˮȥȻҲ··ƽεԺҲټﲻöǡ
Сطˮ˵
ˮǵͷҡͷĻһŹȵӡ
ǽ̾һʮأݣΧûˣѾ̽ˡԵƬ̣ȥǣҵǻ
ˮ΢΢ûκλӦȻɻ⽣͵ݣϾоֻ֮õͷл
δ䣬ǽͱת뿪ˡ
תˮӣңû𣿡
ˮԼļ򣬳ţǡ˺ҵ·ǻûҾˡ
һǾͺá
ΪҪôңˮſǻࡣ
ҡͷͣȻ顣룬£µ˻ôֱ׵سҪĿڣ£ǿпͷϡ
ˮؿ࣬ǻûȫָܰ˼·ȥ˵Ļ
̾һȻȥ˯һɣȥү˵
仰ĹǺ½ͱˡһƥϺõĮȫɫֻξ֪۸񲻷ơ
½ʵǻ𣿡
࿴ˮˮͷƥԥ죬ûֻǵҸ߰ɡ
½üʮأߵĻȥ
صҲϲȥ
½ࣺҸʱ䡭ԣʧˡ
໹ûзӦֻȻһת۾ͱ˶


32 
һ֮
һ, üǸ½ͣͼ½͵Ͽ̽һЩйݵܡ˴һںڡûһ˿һĳ, ֻǰѴɫĽԵɱ¾ء
½͵Ȼ֪һֱڿҲܻ, ֻǰеץˡ
§Źˮ, ǣҲûлῴһ½͵
ֱ, Ǻ½Ͳ΢΢ͷǰǳˡ
࿴˿˸ߵĵ棬֪ô
½ƺѴ֣ԥƬ̣ŰֵݹȥԼԺתȥˮ, 
½͸Ķ񹻴, Թסˮȫ
Ǻ½Ҳ໰, ֻת̤ȥ, ɲһεл
Ŀ뿪ŷŹˮһһš
سŵ˼ҹȻŽСǰţæӳǽ֮ʡ
ѹųŵ˵ЩʲôѹˮЯƵ˹ȥ
, ׻ϳ¥ͨˡϾڶ, Щӵңǲ
ֻǵ˰յʱ, һģ˴ӳź󼲲, 󻹴һոµ
״, һ㶣ȻȻȻһйǰС㱻˽ٳֵϢѾ֪ˡ
Ȼǹģ½ҹ֮سǵʿͻԸɵ
ôⳡٳֹСĴϷмִĿأ
Ͼǹϵˮ̫ʦԲκһ⡣
ܣͱҸ
ǡ
ͷػ˼ѲڻǳŹˮ
*
Ⱥƹţߵ˹ĺţֵصС˿࣬ȥͨ˹̫ʦ
һᣬ̫ʦˡվںţŹˮ
ˮĲ˳˵һ˲һٴޡ
̫ʦ״ˮ⸱ģҲʣֻǽźùˮȥϢȻƫࡣ
ƫͲ͵ĵطֻλһΰˡʱյƣ谵ޱȣѹ쳣
̫ʦµλ֮ϣƵø䡣
ͷվ¡
˵˵ա̫ʦͳȻĶը졣
ֻ̧˹̫ʦһۣ˸ӣС֮󣬾ͱ˶סˡЩһЩңûСˡ
ƽԴǼ࣬ȴˮдĹΡ
̫ʦ΢Уش࣬ŮӵǸˡҲʮ˾ӣʱ򣬾Ȼһ˺¡
վڹ̫ʦߵĹҲδ˵СѾͷȵʵǽ֮󣡡
ಢ£ֻǵͷش𣺡֪ôǽٳǵģǴӳʮһƾɵũġٷ˿ڿ˵ǷµС㡭õֶΡ
̫ʦ־ͰһյɨڵأɫҰסһ࣬Ҳɫѿ
ù̫ʦŵô
ͷ۾һصĲյĬ
㻰
໺̧ͷ˿̫ʦ̫ʦȷʵǶҪ뷨
Ƶ³һ£ͷ
ν⣿ʵ
ش𣺡ǴȻ˵ָʹѾδ飬ߵӦöʶС㡣С㱾߷ƣЩֻ˾С㲢ûжҷָֺʹץ˵ˣǽηֱǣҼʶСӡ
̫ʦһʾͬ˵ȥ
ֵųӽ˵Ŀܣôˮõϣ˭ߣүү¶̫һİɣ
࿴˿̫ʦ̫һ¶΢ŭ
ҡҡͷ಻Ϊ̫ġһ̫ûбҪôΪˮ£̫󡣼̫Ҫӣ̫Ӹ˼ģС޸ӣҲܰô¶ǣԼ»ԻʺӦŻ´Ӧúʹ죬˵̫ӵʵϣҾС޸ӵġ
̫ʦһ˲ж̫ӵŭôѹȥȻ˵֮ⷬǰ̫ʦ˶ŭͷԡ
㲦һ£е
˼˵㿴²ģҲ̫ġ뿴ְ֮
ͷǡɫˣһҲıЩʲô˵ʴ
˵λ̫ʦ΢΢˫ۣΪ£Щʸ̳лλ˴ģ
ഹĿĸǻ游ǳ̫Ļͩ
СͳԺסˡǵʮҲСĵܵܣֿ
ԼЩڷѾĻӡǶпʼٸߡЩ˵Ǽ򵥣ܹС㣬֮
үүΪ̫ΪӼǺ̫ӣ볼µĹϵӻδ׾ԼӶ׽
¿ƴͷβλϵĵϸϸĽۺ뻵ƻĹڻλǻڹΡСŮΪ¡Ƶʵǹ̫ʦ
ⷬù̫ʦ̲סĿ࿴
ѧŹˮĹ㲦֮򣬹̫ʦһ۱㿴ƪ²ǳڹˮ֮֡
ˮ߲ûѧʶѾͷƪǳ̸׵˴ʣǱȻǹˮյѾͷдġ
ʶŮӣǴϻ۹ˣֹ۲졢ϸ¡
ЩµˣĿĵ֮ˡ
ԣգǹˮڽϿ࣬ĳ࣬һЩ£֪ùˮڽһ֣йˮӽ˸
㵽ʲôˣ̫ʦض࣬ʯһ㣬ѹϡ
һص̫ʦϣʲôˣ
̫ʦãڳϱʶ˵ı£Ȼ׽ϡκλҵĺۼ
۵ĺڰһۿ׵Ԩ
θʩѹֻǾûκα顣
ֲϲŭӣ·Ǽһеķį̹Ȼ
̹ȻȻһֻʮ˾ŮӦӵе
̫ʦѹ·һͷޣѪصͺ𣺡û˸˵
൭Ȼգһ۾£һݣ뱨̫ʦһ֮
˵仰ʱ⣺һ֮
ͷҸܡ
ܣ
̫ʦ͵վµŮӣܵŮ
л˵
˵һΣ˶ΣĶ
ҲԻζԻֶηʽǻĿʼطţּΣοͷҪţһֱһλзš
ΪкܶȨıܵĹؼԻִδεĶԻֻĶҾͶֶˣһڷּΣһ˵Ļ֪


33 
ı
, ܵŮҸΪٱݷ£ǻ֮λү, ˼ҸסȻǼ֮󣬼ҸĻ, ǹٻ統˿ɵʦҸһֱ̫ʦ֮, ڹٲάʱ򣬸Ҫ
һ仰Ϣ
̫ʦһ֮ɫ˶һ, ƺǽʲô˼ǰһʵô˵㸸ײǲģ
ҡͷǷԾģΪֻ֪ҪţЩ˾ͲŹ
ࣺ, ֪٣
ص, ײûжҶ˵, ֻǸңռҵ߾С, Ϊ˶һЩˡ֮ǰң뾡һа취̫ʦ, ἰ̫ʦĶ, ̫ʦضռһжңΪ, īѰһȥ
Լ, , Ϧ̫ʦ΢΢ֱӡ
һݣ౾ǸŮˡǸϧңҹ˽ա֪ī޷ɣǻͬ߶ҪԸױеϣϡֻҪ游ױסīʲôԸ
̫ʦƬʵˮϴƪдģ
ǡص
ΪΣ̫ʦü
ֱӣЦЦؿŹ̫ʦѵûгɹ̫ʦע⣿
дƪ£ΪϷע⣿̫ʦɫ
ش𣺡ֻڹȥի뾭ĳ֮ϱС㿴УҲʸֻнҲлЩѧչָ̫ʦֻƪѧע⣬ѧŻƪȥ̫ʦһУల֮£֮ڵ¶ѡ
һнʣ
в֪ʱһ
Ĳһһݽ
ͷĿתضŹ̫ʦ
̫ʦһȣ˵˭ģ
ȫԼһµѪһһػصԸԸΪˣͿأ壡
еؽѹļϣбļû
ŲʱжĽ˵̫ʦīţȻЩ˾ͻõǼµ˿
̫ʦû뵽£ŵŮӾȻڵԱɵǰһüŭĿ㣬вң
һסԼ񣺡Ϊ׻ûκ׼Ͱ͵𣿡
Թ̫ʦѹŲϵͷȥ֦ͷѪȾ÷ô°
һֻ÷ôܻ±紵䣿
⾲Ѿĵزƺ֮Уҹøҹзǧ֮ĻĮϴùƫɴһһΡ
欵ˣӰյøϸ
̫ʦضŹµࡣ
൭ȻͷŹ̫ʦ
еĽȾѪ
ѪŽУһһεʯϣƵĵδųѪ
˾ʮϢʱ䣬̫ʦȶˡ
ͷʾ¡
ͣ»һһಱеĽ˿µһǵŮӡһηӣǸӿԳ֮Ϊ޿֡
Ůԣ붼ġ
ջسְ̧סԼ
̫ʦ۾һ¡
˵ͷȻ˳ȥ
̫ʦ࣬ƺ̽鵽ʲôߡֻԼĲӣһԲ
ϸƺй֦ͷҶһҡҡ׹ɫͬﻹδµĶѩһ԰ס
ܲذܵĶҲû˿Ķҡ
ԵˡƲá
̫ʦĬãʵ㣬ΪĽǰܵĶ͹Ϸչˣ
ص෽˵ˣҪ̫ʦһ֮Ҫڹѵʱ̫ʦȼü֮
̫ʦͷĦⷬ˼Ȼ˵仰ޣ
ͷȻڹ˵С޹ȥв㣬ôԸСաֻҪչ˺ҵĵܵܡ࣬һϧ
̫ʦס
׷ɱȣƵͶ·ΪԼӣŲò²ߣԼĶ͵
໰ǾܵĴһ㡣
ʲôûŮ
Ůӹ°ϻʶ֪ͼмֿš
̫ʦĦԼ䣬ȻϬһôӹ޵һ׷ɱԼڷݳУôã
һյµǰ͢Ա׷ɱСǣôô֪ͨС㼴ָӣ
ԣһͶ·Ͷľٶڱһиָġ
Ǹ޷ǾҪһЩ顭˵ǵһЩ顣
ġ֪ʲôأ
̫ʦתͰӿ̾һȥš
೯̫ʦһݣǡȻ󻺻˳˹
ûãͻˣжһĲ͵˹̫ʦУѾҽʦ͹ȥˣֻƤˡ
̫ʦһӹյ˴
ףüҪܵŮߣ
̫ʦ̧ռұűľϷˮǼһϧҹһаҵҪУռ﷭˴
ЩƵ̫𣿡ü
̫ʦۣϴɳȥûе֣˷֮ģȥǣʧϢԼضʲôԵʡ˵ЩˡΪʲôˣ
ҡͷͷ£ֻ뾭ֵ֪֤ˣҹ֪ڱ
ǹ̫ʦ̳ĶӣϾȻ̫ʦһ
̫ʦɫ˵˼ǣ֪Ǽ£
¶֮̿ɫˡΣҲѱ©ˣô˲ȥЩҪ⵹ǣȻҪȥѰ֤ݡȻһ֮ʣ֮죬óȻ£͵Լǰ;
̫ʦͷܻʱųܵŮӣܵ˿϶ͼ
ѾһЩǵ飬Ǻܱⲽ
˵ˮһ£ܵ飬ʲô𣿡̫ʦȻʵ
һ٣Ѱ˼Ƭ̣෽ԣ޵ȻΪʸ֮ģˮ޹ȥȷʵΣա˵ʲôȻϵΪӦеġپ֮󣬸׸ϣޣˮס
л˵
ı~
ııı֮ıϡЦȣʧʧ


34 

̫ʦ̧һ۹, ˴裬ûнӻ̸ȥһЩ
˵ȥȻҪǹ, ̫֮λδ䶨֮ǰǲ̫ѱü޸, ʺ̫Ӽɻ, ԼҹȥʮδȢף, ȻżģҲѡ˼Ůȥӵ檡һӸоͶŮˣҲ˵õһɢôŮںԺþӦ
˼ǣ޳޽Ӹ̫ۡʦʵ
ش𣺡ǵ, ô˵, ǲ֪֮ǰĹϵ, ޻˵֪ôʶ޴𡪡ǸܱͲǸͿ, ȻҲѡΪǼµߡ֪ǿɥҲΨһӴĻѶ͵ΣյĵطʵҲȫĵط
˶, Ǹ, һ֮ŮӣֻҪܵĶӰȫ, ͱȻضܵĳŵ, ǿ, һЩ顣
̫ʦ²յ˵ȥ׷鵽˭ܣõʲô֤ݣֻ˵Ȼ֪Ǽµȴ֪ĲȫҪųһ˫Ůţ¶
һ񣺡ӢȻ˵ǱţôˣȻҪȷǻߵֶΡֻҪ࣬ݾߣܷ׷鵽Ǹ˵ټ飬ȷʵʣδľδϲֶΡڶ֮սĻ֮ǰǲ³Ϊ˹ҵһѡ
оʮӺȻøӲޱȡ
̫ʦοһֱϤĺǻĶŮѾѧΪԼΪŹˡ
ͷ̾һ£׻Щ˵¡ȷʵˣ
Ļǰһ̫ʦ࣬нա
̫ʦס֣Ժ󵽵Ҫϵģĺã׾ۣҲˡ
ػصĪ˵Ļֵﶦʢ֮գҪŹġ
̫ʦһȻҪȥ׷ռҵıָʹֲСôֵĹأȥѧɡŮ˼úܣڲϣ³һ֣ҡ޽ӸľġҲһЩҪӻȥǼû֮ǰȻǡΪõĿɽһϻıʱ֣պ󲩵ø档
ͷǣӻᰲźһӦ񡣾á棿
̫ʦͷ͸ңԶʵ£õСŵȥɣһЩ˸šⶫｭɽ˥ȻϷĺպչȴûȥһôϷȥҲǺõġ
Ȼ˼ȥ졣һݡ
*
㡭㡭īѪĻżȴ˵ֻһһؽš
ɫҰףīͷˣīԺ˿һ֡
īСǣ½ǣϷſ
üϵĲѹ˿ϣ۵ֱ졣
ī۾ˣʣ㡢𣿡
òѹסѪػصۣѪܶ࣬ʵ۵ġīޡһҽΡ
ī۾ضಱӣ֪롣
Ц֮ˡúõտġܺù棬ϡҲУԷĵȥˡ
īһãؿ࣬һֱʣ㣬Ĳ𣿡
īԭ½㡣ǰ;գֻһȥߡѾѡõĳ·ˡĵȵȣȵһнͻӻȥʱ򣬾̫ƽˡ
ī˵ʲôǿֻܴղ˵ĻԼĻش𣺡ãīŽ㡣
*
һҹ˷˺ôƢ˶ԷԺѵ
ԺѹѹعһƬˣżʮСѾͷﰵ
ɨһ۹ڴԺˣڣ˭ǿžСȥûлģ
һʣʵһӣͷѹøˡ
˼û˻شбۿ˿ߵ裬ǰȥѹˮԺźŮȫ˳
һʮСѾͷĶʮͷСֻʮꡣ
ЩźѾͷ޿ر˳ģ裬ˣĲ֪Сȥˡǰɣǰɣ
һ⻰˲ʢŭ죬ǳ⣺죡ھСԺ￴˾С㣬е紵ݶǻػȥ棬ô޼ɵھС͵ܳȥˣǵĴĸ׵Ĵˣ
ƫˮիѾͷ⻰죬֪𷣵Ӳˣʵ˼֡
ϼҷ
䣬ʮ۰Űһ˸ߵĴԺһְڿ
˰ӣƫˮիѾͷǶʱ±ȫ
ʱ䣬Ƭ֮ƫˮիҲ⡣̧ͷ⣬ɫأԼĲӣ޿κ̾һ
־סĿͷ˵ԺӽЩѾͷ˺ѷεĿ޺ʹĶߡȻѾ쵽ʱҲɲסˣӴѰ˼һᣬӹСѾͷҺ졭Һ죡
Һæӣʵôˣ
ʵʲô£
Һش𣺡ղȥ˿ǹ˵ԺѵˡʮѾͷ˹ӣƤ޵ҪҪġ
ǺԵɣ֪𣿡ʡ
Һգգ۾ߵǰѹ˵ǹСϳȥ棬ˡ׷𡣡
ˣ΢УʲôȻӣ£ȥ
֣ҹ¶صģȥС˷纮Һ쿴Ҫæǰֹ
ҡͷضԡ
Һ컹˵ʲôָ˼ͣ㲻ٶ໰æù·ִϡ
ȥ˴Ժ·ϣߵЩǰʲôڵһ㡣
תȣƹ԰˴Ժƻͨһ·ֻպԼԺ޵
˿׷˵
ſԺӹһصūţŷǰĿյϰʮʣ֮ЩŮӵģֱӴ


35 
ı
ԺӵѪ, Ҳ̶á
²̣۾˫ֺʮ˰ӷ
˼, ٹ˲ѵˣæӭ, һţ꼶, ˸£ҹĺȲ, ˯áһЩţ飬һֻȥҲð˯
ֿ˿ϰðŰ̵ţЦģ֪Ϊź£˳ͷˣ
һ仰ŭģ֣Ǽҳ󣡼ҳ󰡣ǸСŮǱǸ߻ˣ
һйڹˮֱʵСôˣ
˱˵ֱ, վڹź˵, ѾСò֪˵ʲô, ֲҪ
֣ū̵ּСأʱСū, £ūҲ⡣˵գ
˦˺üӣſ˵ǳǶ˵һ̻Ѿͷ̰, ֪, Լ˷˳ȥǽ˶ӵɲɵľ͸ײһ, ֪ĵʲôټѪ, ղֹס
һѪ, ʵСû°ɣ
̾һӻʱ򣬻ѪղҲҽʦˣˡҽʦ˵ûʲô󰭣ƤҪˮҷ˼أ
һû£Ƥû±ãû±ãǲģūȥʺһһҽСҽεġ
һʹļ׵ӣˣǱǶлˣˮ⺢ӣǲʡġ͵ܳȥԡʱΪҲûбӡ±ײմСͻвõӻδ鳯»ǼˮĴٰ
Ц𣺡˲дǣūһֱסڹ֮С֮СвԵĵطūҲдʲôоūڹϵǵǰ֤СסūȻعһˣʺһգ
һܳӣһˣǺҶúụ̀ܽαػ
ְڰ֣ĻūȻǹСĽ̵֣СвõĵطҲūĴպ̵С㣬ūضӾľ
վȥǱţ飺ֿЩ˻ȥ˯ɣջҪعػأ
ҲƴǣӹһȻ˴ǡ
һЦڿ뿪ԺʱȫˣĿɭɭضȥĵطԸ裺Щϣҹ˳ȥҪһʧ
ͷūȥ졣
*
ߵСѾͷҺֻȥֹ߱ţȻϡţȵĴҲ̫Щ
ҺֹЦˣʵСѾͷʲô
Һ죬ƺôƣ
ֿҺĹĵ̿Ц㰡׻Сͬһڹлʮ꣬Щ˶թ˼֪֮£ұ޿ɱܡ
Һ첻⣺֣Ÿյ˵ԺȵţѾǹ籸£͵ȥģȻôţĹʡˣ
ֻǰҹôĶҲҿȥǲ˹棿Ȼǹˣ˵ףҲūǣӡԼӦףӦõôߡ
Һⷬ׷ִҪԵɣԭ֪ôĶΪҪȥѹˣѹѾˣȴҪҺźȰȰס
Һ˵ҵ׵ŮҲŰߡҹȻѾ˶ߣұٶ˵һ㣬̽㡣պڹﵱĿ
Һͷǣĸ
̾һ˵СˣӦġȻҲӦջȥʺⲻǹ˵Ŀġ˵ĿΪҸС֤Ȼ̰ȥδʲôڵ顣
ŮסҺ˼⣺ΪʲôһҪĸ֤
ֵһ漰һЩǲ֪Եɡ˻һơ֤ѹС˵HҲȥ˳ô˻侮ʯԲŽ˴󶯸ɸ꣬Ҫһ仰
ҺֵĻŻȻ򣺡ԭǲǾǴ˵еδѣ
ֵ˵ͷ
ǣĸջ»ʺ𣿡Һʡ
ֻش𣺡ȻҪ鴫Ҳһҹ顣̫ʦüʮ꣬ô벻һ֣Ǹ㣬ѣ̫ʦһѡڳƴǰһ
Һʮ꼶ĸһף⿴Ʒʢ֮ڣɱ
վ˵طһ졣
վ˵طǱٲ
ѹ֣ʺôϰĹС㣬еֶɫãΨĸ۾գգؽˡ
ĸȻǹϲǸڻʹ¼ʮ꣬δй
̵С飬һ£ʵĸд㡣
ĸҺ̧֣ް߰ף·
Ӧһô
ʵһûˮȻһ˰ɣҺ۾ԲԲģ˶֦ͷɽһˡ
΢ЦſҺ죺㲻Ҳ˼Ż㸸װ͵ҵҲ㹻һ۾Ϳ˽ⳡ־硣Ȼֻ֪һ֪СС;֪ΪԼıǰ˼ʵСȻ۸ĸıȻԼѧȫ㡣ĸͽڹﰲȵĻȥĵһΡ˳ƶΪ
ҺЦŰͷֵļϣҾ֪ĸҵģ
*
ߵǲɢ˹ԺǣںԺæһ󣬲Żص΢΢Ƿշ˵ķԸȥˡ
Լ̫ѨҹˣȥҹܼǮɡ
ڹźʮ꣬ǹ˴Ӹޣ֪ҹ²ǹ˵ô赭дźľ飬ʲôʡ
˵ڶûпµĴ㣬ȥǮ˵ʵֻرܡ
뵽㲻ٶԣ˸ӣȥ
ûһᣬ̫ʦ
һʵôģȻϻ۵ǸϸѾͷȥޡһպ󶫴·ܹϴ
л˵
˵ҺķֱָȨɽӵڶ ʢɽӡ~һﲻù顣ٺ 


36 

̫ʦ, һƣ֮ɫΪǰСż޹ȥⳡյĺϴˮԽ룬ԽΪ̫һ, ̫Ϊ׽ӣⶼǲɱġ, Լıֵ, ס̫İѱ
̫ʦ˵, ѩ̫Ӹ̫أ̫ӵ˼
̫ʦ̾һҪô죿̫Ӿҹҳ⣬ҪҽȨĽˣҹǸ׸̫ڼɵǹȨǾͱȨһֱ߬ԼСҹҪģҹڶʷ˿Աҫʵ, ̫ӽ˭ǵ۾, ǶҪҹ, ֻЧδ¾
ֱҡͷ˼δ֮սӮ, ֻˡǸ˲ǹٳϵЩΪĸףҵŮ
̫ʦŴ£òŵ̫, Щ, Ļ̫ӶЩ淣ĸʡ͵ġѩδ̫ӵĺ, ̫Ȼϲ˵, ˴㡣
һ̫ʦᵽѩ, ĸˣǣ֪ŮӰ̫ͿޡһֱδѩֻΪѩչѩڶҲùЩòЩһһӣô᲻żǺ͵ĸ֣ѩûǷݸɡ
̫ʦҡͷЩ£㻹ǿ̫ǳѩһֱûкӣ֪̫һֱڷǹҲѩ
˲ûֿܣÿÿѩңȴǿջЦ͸ʮ̳Ӵһᡣ
ѩϲ̫ӣСϲ
̫۾ȡѩΪʱ򣬹ѩһ϶ĸϤ̫ӵĺáһҸ㽵ӣ񶼻ͣڹ˵
ѩǱĺӣ˼
̫СϲˣǺһ̣ĴλؼҶûи˵һ̫ӵĲǡ
Զ˵̫Ӷôչôϲȥ΢˽ãóԵ⡣
ÿÿ̲סȻ£ֻŹѩͷһԲ
ѩǻḧοˣĸףѹˡڶĺܺãûôҡ̫Ķرã㿴̫ǰոһĺ觴ӡĸ֪ģֶֻС󡣡
˿ŹѩŬΣҲٽԼĵģ˼
չ̫ʦԼ˵ѩڶ飬̲סᡣ
̫ʦ飬̫ΪֻõȥѾְһŮƽ˻ѲɻҪĿԼСŮҲҪǻӣҲǲϵİɣ
־˲ѣȻǲϵġ
̫ʦ˿ڣճʱ֮ˮˡǺӣһֱγҪſˣȥաҲǲټˣδ֮ǰǻزˡ
죬ֹס
̫ʦļ򣬻Ĺٻ¼Ůǰ㶼Լˮ䣬ܿ˵һ¡̫ˮܲŮм䣬ΪѰɣ˵ƫˮѩβģ˷ȥΪѩıҵıǣҪ̫ࡣ
ŵͷ
*
࿴ŹˮסмӰӡ֮ϣ͸ϣζӳ¡
Ӱӣǹ˱ŹС㣬ʹޣǽǆ¡
ʲôܹǹ˶ԹˮԶеĵǣΪĸļǹҡ
࿴ӰӣĪرһ
㡭㡭
ڴ˯ŵī죬н㡣
˱ӣīĴͷıȻ⻢ǿӣǱɲԼīչ˺Լ
šչ˺Լ
īȻ˯Ҳ˵ظ˳һ㶣Цˡ
*
գֱ˹Իʺ
ԻʺڿƸӡ
ӳɻ飬ڹһ£áȻػҲǰȥţֻվһߵŻʺ񲿵ĵӡ
ԻʺţſŮ˵ӻضǵʱˡ
ˣ
ԻʺüߵĴŮϲϲҡҡͷʾ֪¡
ԻʺʣƵʱ˵ˣ
Ůҡͷû˵޴˵ϾһЩС飬סˡ赢һЩʱաȱţż׼ϸˡ
Իʺͷ˳ֺеƸӣ֪ˡ
洫Ů˳ȥԻʺ˼Ƭ̣ſֲ֣ȥ̵Сôȥһվͻˣ
ּԻʺʻǰ£ūãʺ𷣣
Իʺһʱһ֣գʲôģľСѽҲһˡǳκβӣҲ֮Уֲ֡
ּԻʺô˵һȴǹ˵ʺһաūȥ˹ûаѾС㿴ãþСˣʵáЩȥϹͷǲ˹ݶʵǿڻʺķϸġչ˲þС㣬ūĴʺǲ𷣣ūʵǹȥ
Իʺû뵽ƽһԵ֣Ȼôʱơ
ⷬ˵ԻʺĻŭš
ֿȥã˽̵СĲ£ԭǶµġֲ˵
£ȫԼϣʺܰ
һˣôǰûзôأ
Իʺһ㣬ӣȻˣҲÿһϻŽ̵СĲ£ɶ̡ʵ֪𷣣ּū֪ԼĴȻѾ֪ˣ̷ֲǱ㷣£ʾɡ
Իʺ˾ͷūлʺ
Իʺһ֣ա
վ
ԻʺʣСˣҪҪ費Ҫҽȥ
׻صС˵ĲأūҲ˵ġûۼǻʺﲻģǿһҽ￴
Իʺôһʾͷûֻô˼˵ģɣлɸҽȥһƣԱԹҵӡ
̫ȻᣬҵǸȻʴµˣС
ܶ˼ΣӹȷʵҪġ
СһˣҽȥˣҲܸοһ¹Ҳ˵
Իʺ˵ȥҽԺҽȥա
ǡǷǷȥ
Իʺ˼Ƭ̣ԻݵЩ̫ϲԵĶ̫Űա
Իݵ㣬ȥԸ׼
л˵
⣡ղôҪ100(>n<)
գһ*3ޣĩ֡


37 
ء
鷿, ԻԻԵƬ̡
ֻѩóһľϻӣЦԻ, ¡
ԻЩңҪܿ, ǹѩȴ˵㼴Ҫ޸ӳΪ, ԺǾ沣ϼ׵ϲ¶ɩɩûʲôö, ֻһЩ̫ӵЩ͸ҵС⣬ءȥա
̫ūôҡԻҪƴǡ
󻻺·ҳŰաĸûа㵱ˣǹ㡣ôԲġ
Իݿеͷһ˿£ڴġοյķ, мһ
촽, һһ, ǷĲԵø忡
һʱ֮, Իݾˣ֪Ҫػ
ĿԻݵϣЦˣǸ˵л𣿡
ԻŷӦӹѩеľϻ, л
Ի֮, ѩ̾һ
ڹѩߣ޵ĴŮ֦ѩ, ΪģС, ̫ӵ¸Ķ͸˱, ̫ӵ»᲻ˡ
֦ǹѩѾͷСڸ﻽ѩС㣬İһֱûиĹƺ
ƺһ㶼ЩС£Źѩӡ
ΪޣԹѩ֦ǶҪ׽һЩ
ѩ֦ǰΣֻǿЦ㿴κβ˵ɻꡭҵ׻ʲô벻׵ء
֦ѩԹ԰²̣С㡭
꣬Ҷ̫ͷΣӡǲõˣѩţȥıӰ۾Ȼģ
޸̫ӵʱҲǸ߸˼޵ġ
޶ɪгǻʱķ̫ӵ¡ǸӣδһεƢ
һܺãС΢ĺá
ʱֻһȻЦ⣬ľֹڷ֮Ҳǵ㵽ɡ
δпȵĻ𣬸Ǵδп
һʼΪǰˡ
ʥЩྴķޣ
ǵ淳ԽԽ࣬Щ˻взŭϧʱ򣬹ѩһྴĺãƲҪְ顣
ֻȢġһҪúñڣܹй⣬ܹ˳µһЩ顣
գҪһ̫ԻһĶ䡣
ҪóһЩϡʹ͸
ЩΪ޹ʹ˸Իݣȴһ㶯ŭеĶûС
˾ٶһЦ֮
Ȼ䣬ѩӣúû˼
*
Իڹڳ֮ϣæͶĹŮǿ׷׹±á
ʲôȱģĸ˵ĸһ쵽
䲻سԻһ¡
Իݻع׻صʺ̫ӵ¸ūĶ̫ˣ̫ˡūܳ
ȻһЦ㵱ֻ޹ȥٲҪЩίǹС㣬ͲǺġԼڸлСȻǲϵ̫ʦġ
ԻݵͷǣūСӦԱǡõʺġ
̾һ㲻Ұɣ
Իͣ˽Ųͷºγԣ
ǰȥԻݣվҵ̫֮·ߵ̫ЩĸߣһÿһıҪ̳λͱõ佫ǵ֧֡ҵ飬еĹؼ
ԻȻ̧ͷδͬ˵Щ볯йصĶ
֪Ӧλشֻ㶵ؿǰ֮ϵʯ塣
Իݣ֪ҡΪ֪ȥ˶٣ͣòŵѾûεˡ֪ΪʲôλԽãԽ¶ϣܹҵѴҲҡ
ԻЩ̫£һмӡѵδ뵽µ𣿡
һ仰ʵһᡣ
ʱ֮ϣһµĴӹͷС
ͷȺ㣬òŵվ̫СҲңҲ
ԻԻʺʱ䲻̣ӴĴ١
յδģ
ȵĻ̾
Ȼûлͷȥܸ֮ܵеƣ뵨սľ
ϲΪ˰ʾЩʲô
ԻܾԼĻȴ־⻰⻰˵ȥһЩŵȴֲҽ⻰磬ŵ
ԼҪȥĵطҲһ֮ء
ҪԱܹб˵գ
Իм˼վûлػ
Իûлش𣬱߰գҪĸ׵Ⱦˡ
ⳤĹ˷һȺঽֻʣºľ䣬Ϣ
Իݲ֪Լôȥģһ·ڻ뷽˵Ļ
ԻʺȥķԸҲû
ߵСŮһ£ŻعźĹŮȥ
*
֮ڣԻʺ˽ûжϵķˣֻôš
Ȼҡͷʵ벻ƳٻضĿĺڡ
Իʺüͷ壺һܶ벻𣿡
ҡͷ˵ԼǱ㲻˵Ƴٻվ׼ѶǰʱգȻдһӻȻй鳯֮ĵġ˴ȥȻ̫ӿͣվûи̫ӵơܺǻİҽһ鷳
յһڣǰʱ䣬Ȼʷ̨ɵϼҶ顣ֻҪ׸еʹͶǻȥ黹֣ĸԲġø涼ˡôڶ鳯ʱƫƫ˼Ե޹ʵƳ˻سǡ
ϲյϣ˼⡣
Իʺüģڵǲʲôɸ˵ҪȥҪڻźã
Ĭ˰ΣȻСе֮ţСζüƯøЩսЩ岿թϷ˲°ٱ顣ǿЩĥʮɶпܵģûܹĦ˼
Իʺ̾һտɫ򣬻ǺӣҼǵãֵܼǹϻ۵ġĸǰھ󹬣ڵ۾һģСĸǺÿûΪЩǰǻϣ̫ӵĺӡ
΢Уǣûаǰǳ粵̫֮λϵ˾ˡ
վûǸԻʺͷڷٵӰ顣
˿Իʺ󣬺ȻЦĸ׸һۣǶĲǡʵ˼ΣǸǰʱڳ֮վȽŸϵٹҲܶҡǵĸ˴ΣӱҪʲôֶΣʲôۡ
Իʺ̧ʲôڻʡ
ĹâݼţЦǣ̫˵ǡǻЩһһϦƿġŰգ˶Ҫˡ
ͷӣԻʺһźĸӡΪӳıýҪأĪҪԼӣշ
л˵
~Ϊղư~ٺ


38 
ͼı
ǧ֮ĶϾ, Ѿ˧üն¶ˡ
Ԩǰʰſڵİ˻ȥ
ÿΰ˵Ǿôһ䣺Ὣذ, Աǧˮ, , ܵýûо뽫˵
ĲҪӰǰضϾʧȥ֮߳˵
ʼ, ͳ˧֮ʱֻһЩȡǲûж⣬Լû¡
Ƕǳ֮㿪ʼȡ
ûм죬㲡ڴ֮޷
ôҲǶӣݹءϾӪﲡ, нǶĲ顣
Ӫ, ڳ︮ﰲ
޷, ⲡƽʱѺãҲʵ
֪Ҫ, óȻǰšϼһ£ְλߵԨһǰʰ
˼գûм, Ԩǡ
հԨ밲, ҲżߣֻǱȭپʦ, ĩֻȥǷ񰲺, ŵġ
ҡͷ̾ⲡ, Ὣǲȥĺá
ΣԨЩɻȴҲԴ⡣
ն֪ԵĿڰָЩʲô
Ԩפر߹ذ꣬Ϊ̫Ӱ꣬δ뿪ߴǰ벽Ҳ֪λ̫ӵµ
ΪĶӣԺ顱
ʵر߹ص佫ĸǱ̫붫۾ѹ޶Ϊʵģ
ввȣܵöģܵüʱã
ǰһ仰ԨסھӪﲡΣû׷ӪĻʳˮѾĴȱ
ǲȥӪϴɾЩĻ򡢹ĽԼЩϵõʿٲҪһٰӡ
Ԩ֪佫볯͢ϵеʱڣزȥ
ȥ飬ʧǵΡ
鲡ˣȴҲӵ˵飬ЩǲᱳЩֶȥġ
ԶԶĶάЩһ˿ϡ
ˣʵ΢֪ꡰšǰѡ𡱣̫Եȼġǰѻվ˶۹佫ǵٹ⡢佫ҲЩ佫һҳϡ
˭Ըȥ̫ӶΨһΪ佫۹Ϊ佫Լƽǰ̵ӣ
̫ܵвȣЩ踺ءѪԵĺҲѡԲãΨһϣɣ
鲡ЩӣȻʲôû˵ʲôûվǰԨж涡
Ԩ˼԰ȭһ񣺡پʦչ¡ǵºתˣͷپʦתĩǵĵǡ
֣µصͷҲһʱ֮ˣ׵¿ģǵ¾ûаײһ⡣
Ԩζӳ£֪ôӺ˵
Ԩģ֮ǰõ˵ʵὫһֱǵ飬Ҳǵ֮ǡŵùһ֮ҲؽͶұ
Ԩ̧ͷͫپʦ˼ǡһֱΪĩǳıš
΢΢ͷȴػ
ֻһͷȴ̩ɽһ㣬ѹԨķ֮ϡ
Ԩҧס촽ϥأʣԵһߵݴȻ󹧾ȥ
ԨɵǵٵϲӣɵǹӼıļơ򵥵һƣո˶ϾӪĽġ硭
*
ھӪصϢֶߣǧ֮ʹ˰Ϣֱ𴫵˶۾
鷿￴ܱʱ򣬿ü֮ӲһĹ֡
վߵһӿ˱飬֪˺£ǰһʵ֪»Ϊ£
աеܱݸǸкӡ
ӣСǰӹеֽ۾϶һɨüͷҲһ
鲡أƳٻس£ôʵ
еֽݻȥĬƬ̻ص²²ġ
ͷҲΪһ˵Ǹӡܲ³ӱصʲô
ûشǸֶͷŶ̻Ի͵Ĺݼֵͷ鷿֮ⲽ
Լ˶ʮಽӣ̧ͷʵ£˽ʵ𣿡
ôһʣһ£ƺڻʲôһ㣬ɫ࣬׻ǻش˺ĻܣǻǴϻۣƷԶ֮ˡ
һᣬʶѾشˡ
̾һҲ˽ˡ
üˮݡټһܸʳ谮һֱĸšǻÿյȥ̫ѧҲ˵һ仰ֻܴ̫ĹﴧĦıԡ
Ե̫ӵ£оԾĻ֪
֪
ЩǺʦﰵ࣬Ϊ̫֮Ȩ֮·δػô˳
ͷ˵޷˵ͲҪôˡ
ȭǷȻ̫ӵƽϣǲ䡣˵µĶ±䣬ֻǰҹөǰ·벻˵µĶֻ˱ǣϾҲֻԶʥ飬¼ʶԶ
˵
ص˵¶Լܿ˵һֻ֪֪ԼЩʲôʲôȴûвЩʲôʲô⡭ʵ˱ɡ
ʱ˺˼˵˼ǣ֪֪˰սʤ
ͷ׳꣬ȻȴҲӦʱʱΧȻΪǰ鱻걱ܰȻЩ꣬Ȼȫıӡ
Ȼķ·ʲôصѹȥѹ
㷲ĸоȥȻʵЩ̫ˣ
æ񣺡񲻸ҡʷ֮ЩҳӾѣкǧΪ̵¡¼ȻҪǧŵģԵܹײ֮ġ
̾һ֮ģֺγֻ֪Щһе֮£ø㡣ЩȻǿǧʷķṦΰǿлšҾպ佫ӵԶһ
üִҪٻ£ǡеıȨ
ͷǲö꽫ΪЧҲҪסܣȺʿΪЧͷԼ䣬̧ͷòӣϾĸڹҵϡ
£
˵ʲôǿһ˫𽥱ó˫ۣĻҲ޷˵ڡ
ʶô꣬ôῴĵʲô
л˵
-С糡-
飺ϱ̫ӵĹͷʦǳˣô
ˡҲʶ
뿴š
ңҰ֣ңҲǾ͸ġ


39 
һҶĿ
ǰǿӲֶαž˳, ɾ̫֮λ
Ľ죬ǿӲֶαԼԼɾĵ֮·
ǿӲְԵֶ, ܹһֱߵ󣬷ԽǷ, ɽֻм˲ܿĹ֮ɫ
Ϊǰ, ЩһֱĸԸĵһԾ鷨ҡ
Ҫְͼ
ȷ_, Ϊأܹһ
˼ںӹͬպˮ˲Ҷ롣
֪ĵļɻƫִ֪ҲȰ, ֻһݣ, ̫Ѿ͵ˡ̫ϲ, ղٶ
˰ݴ֮⣬Ҳ
Ͼ, ǲɢ
һĲ񣬾Ȼ˵˴治ĻǷϣ·֮ˡ
û뵽Լ, Ǹ鷿һ, ûŹ
׻ͬһΪǸѡ֮ˣΪ, Ҳ֮һ
Ȼ, Ϊλ֮
ĵô, Ļͩʮֿƫƫʵ顣ղ¸ϯıʿĵľȻǸڳ֮Ϻ޸飡
룿
óԼĵ뷨ȻŭվҪıֻµػصл̫һϲ˵˺þãҪȥѧȥһ鷨ҵĽѧڿ̫ڿ£ǧҪȡ
һȻ֮ɫֻǻӦУǡ
֪ն໰ԼҲ֪⻰˵öôĲ֪أӰ˼Σӹĵôġ
һһ⸨̫ӣǱӦþһıʿְ𡪡Ҫ̫ҪʱıߣҲҪ̫ϲʱԾѡ
Ѱ˸ͷ˺鲡£Ȼֲɢճǲ
˵һ򽲾ֱ˵ԡ
Ȼ˵֪أҲһԴ֮ˣܹȥһЩ
ΪȥˣŻ˽ǡ
뿪˶鷿ϣ㶵Ŷ³ͷտɫĹЩۡ
̧֣סƬ
֣ôָ£ܻϸ˿Ĺ⣬Դֲڵָ죬ֱֱϣҫۡ
ֶ˶ָ֣ĵطƣֱŲǰʱЩ۵Ĺűס
Ƶ˲úɣֻҪҶһ֣ɹâҪǰûڰ
õûάֶãɫͱ˼䣬Ȼ͵طϵ̨īһɨ˵ϡ
鷿ﴫһҵ
鷿źă춯ŵһСʵ£̫ӵ£ôˣҪūȥź𣿡
ʱѾŤȵطŭĿ
ڷһ˲Ť˲ôͬƽһǳǳº͵Ц⣬Ҳƽһˮ£ײһЩһʰա
ǡ
ă̼ػ糣ûж룬ʵʵվ˻ȥ
Щڵص̨ī૵һҶĿѵǱһƬҶڱǣթʱ䣬ʵͼ
ɫ۾ŵһƬ̨óī۵Ҳӡޱߵĺɫ
ôվţһ
֪ʲôǡ
°ȴգ۾ԽԽ۵׵ԽԽʢ
ȫſʱǹаȵЦ⡣
ǽġžϴȻ˿ûע⵽Լ߬һ
ָ׸Ƕģ˼˺ۡ
ָ׷Ѫģ
ãƽɿ˫֣ضԲ䣬ĵ³һƺʲôаȻд㲻ϸҡұȥһƣ㵽ûб⣡
*
鷿ڣ۾ܱü뵣ǡ
۾ˣæ鷿źС࣬۾һ衣
۾һڣϲǣǲˡ
Ѱ˼Ƭ̵ѹˣ¼ȻǲˣٲҪЩʱա¿Էˣ֪µΪƳ˻ض
۾˵һӣ㿴ҳߵ꣬ڱ׳øһֻţһôֻǵϾһ̣㲡ļ²˴
סˣūŲס
۾һۣⲡΡ
仰һ˲ܣôԼĲ²¶ֻܼװһ֪Ļصµ˼ǣµĲΪӲãΪԵʲô
˵Եģ᲻ǡ
۾Ļû˵꣬££ֻǴ޸ݵĻɲ˵
۾ؿ졣
һͷ룬ûƾʵݡ»Ҫȵ»һ֪Щͷ۵ԽԽƵˡҽ˵ӦöϢūžãЩ飬»ٻЩ˼Ϊزġ
ڶ۾ź˼ʮ꣬һС΢ðϵ۾ӵĻʵҲΪ˾롣
Щ̫ȻŰ裬нԾ֮ģϻһТĻӡ֪УѹĪǵĸס
Щ굱̫ӣȻдѹʵ
δ¹ɱ֡
Ϊ̫ЩĿղŸ˷
ʵ۾ֺγ֪
ȻЩԽ񣬵վԼǼͬĸĻʵ֣̫ӵļʵܶúúõġ
Щģټж񼲲ơ£̲סĻϿ
ֻ˵öԣ̫ûƾʵݣĲ¶ۡ
ӣҲſڴƻơ
쵽Ǹ߶ˣгúܡ
ɡ̧̧֣ûй㣬ֺα˻̿֡
˲ͷ亹Сվūź¼ʮ꣬űµĸš°ãūܰáūȻãܻǸűô֪꣬鷿ôȴūһ˾ܿסİ
۲ԣֻǶеܱãȻ졣
İѱϵһ̨˹
Ƿⲻ֪ﴫܱҽ
*
Ķվؽ¡
øӺ䡣
һҹ쳿ΧһбԽ
ĺǶڴϲĸȥһһźˣſչԼֽţϺص¡
ǿŰһɹ˴ӺԺС
ǰŵѾ׺ãŹ̫ʦ
Ƭ֮󣬱պľ֡֨֨ѽѽתʹȥ
ϣ׼õ̺طڹ̫ʦϣȻ¯˹ȥ
̫ʦӹĿζĽһζ
뻹ǾЩԣѹס
̫ʦһ
æҹʡӵ˱ʷ౨


40 

̫ʦʣ˵ʲô
˵Щ̫ƽ
̫ƽ̫ʦ仰, ſ۾ô̫ƽ
̫ʦ߿˿ѹ˵æ깫, ȥʡС𡣾ƹѲͷϲӶ˵䡣
̫ʦü΢˵䣿
ص˵ճûд·, ǶԲǺ, Ҳǻ¡
̫ʦüûˣ
ͷûˡǸϺƽͻĸһǴ, ´Ҳ͸¶֡
¡̫ʦ˼Ƭ૵ǼǹԣǺ£Ҳʲô¡
æǣ˼һ޶ûϺ굽ʲôҩ
̫ʦԼĺӣۣϵƳٻس룬йء
Ӳ̫סҡͷ
ֻӵ, ǼҶԲŲǺ, Ҳǻ¡̫ʦĿλεĴֽϼ˵, ʡǵдʲôܹˮûʽΪǺ, ˮһ¡ǻ£Ҳ޴󰭡
Ŷ׳ֻϺ˵Ǿ仰˼
̫ʦ֮Щ꣬Щ飬Ӳķȥ
ǳڵ˸ӸϷ, Ϸ֪糯йصġǰ׼Ǹǻ, ҪԼժɾ̫ʦջĿ⣬±۾
Ҳٶ໰
ĳĬ, һ˲뵽˵ǡ
*
֮, չ㱨˸һЩ֡Ҫڳ۵顣
糯鲻, ܹ˰ʱѾ㱨ϡ̫ӡڳ֮󣬺ܿ㶨˾ߡ
ۻһ֣׼ɢʷǰһҪҪ౨
ڿʷԴۣƫƫʷֲ̨ò
ֻóʷ౨
ʷ£һݣͳһֽ˫ַϣȿ΢ϵĶ
һɨȥͿһֽȫ֣һʹֱ
ǰӹʷеֽʸۡ
̫Ѩһڲ裬Żչһֽ
ֽдĶܶ࣬վڴ֮ǰԱš
˴վߵĹʲô
ҡͷص²ʲô¡
γ԰첻⡣
ü㿴µ
Ÿ̧ͷͿ۰һֽѹУ޲þ飬žһϣʵЩ
ʷһŵһſڵϣص˰ⶫʯͷ΢ĸԷġ΢ԺԽձ֮ϸ¹Ŀ
˼˵ֽдĶ㲢ûһһʵʱˣֽ¿ЩʷǻˣնͲ֪أ˰
ǡڳ߻־۵ٻ׷ǰһ
֪Ķȥ۴ŭеֽһȥֽͬյѩһڿз衢¡
һ̫ӽűߣһ˳ڵĽ¡
˷׷׼µֽţϸ
־ϽĿ׷ƵĦһһǹڵϵʷ
֮ϣе˽һ֮⡣
û֪ʷȥĶдʲô
Ҳû֪Ϊζŭ
־׼߹ڵʷʱ볣һ䣺
־Ȼͣ˽ŲûȥȻվʷߡ
ض̫
һݣ£дϸ¼˺ܳʱ䣬صʱдϸ²ƾն׫ġ
Ҳһ˵ǣ£ݶ΢Ҳһݡ˳յģһ㶼ҵ͵ȥͼ΢Ƿҡ
쿴˿ۣƺû˵˼ǰѷϵһһ
屾ʱ򣬱㿴˳ڵۡ
ȷʵ˺һֽ
ѳڵ³ݵ۾ǰȻ̨װɢڵϵЩֽһϣ㶫ۺ˶ԡ
ִ򿪳ۣԱǸʷֽһš
ʱڵվĴѾͲס棬Щ볣ڽģ׷׿ȥСѯԵɡ
ֻҡͷ϶˵һ仰
һȻ֮ɫŶ۷еֽš
ССǰһǰĹ̫ʦ˵ӱµķӦ²ʲô¡
̫ʦ޵ص˵ͷ϶˹˵
֮ȿʼһСɧڳŶ۶ԱߵʱıԽԽ¡
ĹԱ䣬Ҳᣬտ࣬ԡ
ֶһƵȻʵ۵׾Цӡ
Щ켣õĴԱ˸飬ֿ˿վڰǰ̫ʦһصӣ˲˸šȻɴʷ𣬵ȴֱʡۿȥһԸŵӡ
ô£ԼЩٹûйϵ
ֱʡóڶ첻Ե飬ֻвһˡ
һİٹǣ׷׽һʱ֮ϣ
һյĹ򣬶۲Żеۣ˼ãȻ̫ӡڡ鷿¡ɢ
˵ն۱ۣ뿪ˡ
캰ɢææظ˹ȥ
۸ûãָ֮ը˹һ
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鷿۰ϵĶֱݸ̫̫ʦȿ顣
̫ʦг̣ʱһֲõԤС
ϵĶȻ˫ַϣݻ˶ۡ
̫ʦȻûп꣬Ҳ֪벻µĿģæϣҲݸ졣
۳˵˵ա̫˵
΢΢ǷһݣΪϸڱ鲻ɾš
۳ü΢˵ꡣ
ʷڱᵳӪ˽˽бͼı£Ҫһʵ౨֮²ɾţҲЩʵɺӡ
ۿ̫ʦ̫ʦΪأ
̫ʦҲһ΢Ϊ̫ӵԼǡ¿ҪگʷԼܱ֪˻ضϸϸʡȥһſ¶ֻֻۡƬΪš
Ҳ˼ˣۿ򳣵ڡ
ڻʲô˵ģ
̫˵⻰˼⣬̫ʦֻǸͣô˵Ļ
ǣ΢˼̫ӵ¡̫ʦ졣漰ӣӦءӦ͡
۵ͷǾʡگñݴʷضְȥݵµѡ̲ܵ
ܵ
̫΢УаȻܵ
ô˵ܵѡˣ
ֲϵ꣬С
̫ʦһܵɵһֻҪȥ£ıá
ϣ̫ʦΪܱҪġ
л˵
ɶ(T . T)һԤաСäޡģСȨıȫŮӦò̫Ԥ(>_<)뿴𡣡


41 
״
˳鷿, ۱ڽдܵگ飬ۺ÷Ͳǰﱡ
ﱡϥ, ˫ֽӹ۵گ˿گ, ȭһݣּ
֮¹ش, گݳȥ͸һϸݡرùµʹ
ﱡߵݣ΢
Ȼ, תȥ
ۿﱡȥп⺢ӵǱһЩܾÿЩ׽ȻϴӲκ׽
ͷǣֻǿıӰūΪء
ɣ
ϸϸȥѹ׽ȻȻ, Сʱڻʳ
Ц, һ
Щ֮˵Ĺ԰ɣ
֪ʱ˿, ԶϾصǷ֪ջʳ˴£Ҳ֪ĲûС
кȻһ˿ᡣϲ, ȻѾԶ֮ˡļ黹Ƕʱӡ
Բ峺۾·ܹǬһ㡣
ϸϸعˣ۾Ȼ޷鳤Ժӡ
ڵǲǻͬСʱǰȻֱ
ǲǻͬСʱǰ㹦㡢Т˳壿
ЩھӪ˻ˣ
ǲǻͬʱǰ峺ף
һ̾Ŀڴ⻨޵֮ϡ
ɫЩ̵÷, 黹ڹʱµġ
۵, Զ˵ĶЩյ֣Ŵɫڸ׵Ĵǰ, ׾Ͳįˡ
į
ԭôС֪λҪĴۡ
꽨ʮ, Ҫ۾ȥԲġǰǴ, ЩսպյĴ󽫾һְѳ֡
ǼǶ¾Եơ
ƣôǱ㲻̫ܲĳ߻ˡš¼
Ȼǵʱڵŭӣ֮ѾҲûлͷء
ڷֱЩʱû飬ֻÿÿ¹˼翵ʱ򣬾ͻµ³ǰ
Ǵʲôʱʼ£ȥȥЩأ
Խʼ
Ǵͷ粡˵֮ſʼ
ԭˣĻﱯ֮СֻǿŴ˶ͷ
ӵûʧ
ݷĥѾøˡ
󱱷¶Ǽ˭һֲ߻ģźպսٹ飬ǱվǱߵˡ
꣬׻ǰԼûоôԴС
뵽ˣƳһģһճ̱ɵüߵ죺Ҫı𣿡
΢΢̧ͷ˼Ƭ̣ûشֻǵūǵã֮ǰ»ڻʳʱ򣬺Тÿճ趨ʡȥһζϡ
һᵽж
ūŵǸԼʮ꣬Լ߿˼ʮĳĵһס
ˣĸڻʳ
Т˳ô᲻˼ĸȻٱı飬ʲô֮٣Ҳһ취ȳǡ
뵽ƮڶеһƱȥ
Դ벻ʵǾЩⷢӡ
黹ûл̫ǱߵˣѾͲס
Щ鶼̫ΪǸʮʵֿЩȻȥʵʵĵﵽ׽ʲôδ͸
ȵ۳谮СĶӣֿΪһɢүô˺֮ǣ
Ǹʵ̫ᣬһС꼶йϹԪѫ游Ϊܣﰵס
Щ绨ѩ£֪ıʲô
뵽ͷ۵ëַˣʹһֻӣʡԼ̫Ѩüͷ塣
״֪ǾɼҪȥ涫һ࣬˭֪һֱӰϵȫɨڵأŴס
ټ˽꣬æ¡
źڵڵЃҲŹ£Ҷ࿴һۡ
*
ʡд£걱ݵĴʷ½ص
Ѿ˴룬ȴԽӵŨҡ
ʷ޵վΧòֵ֣ĺЩС̣ʱʱصһžľȻȻһҪӡ
Ѿʼææİ׼Ҫһֵ꣬վĴʷЩʱտɶû˯á
û˯Ҳȥ໥ѯʣ˵ʲôʵĶ֪̫ǣ
һ㳯͢쵽²ŻٻȫصĴʷضְ
ǼУҲδֹʷȫٻص
Ȼһٻأ¿Ρ
ݡʦΪٵĴʷ׷׵ȥݷãҪһ顣˭֪ʹȥ˶һ֪
۾ֻ˵һְȴû˵
ڳ֮϶Ǹģ˶
ĵ׳Щʷʥ֮ʱһǵýУ۾ϡЩʷԺ㷲׷׻Լڱݵûʲô飬ץס˰ѱ
ٳǰһգеĴʷһҹߡ
ڶգٻصλʷվڵɢ糯֮󣬲ű鷿ƫȲ衣
Щʷδڻʳ֮Щڹ׽һºͣȴؾصӣЩʵǲʳڡ
ʣһˣƫŲ豭㶡
쿴£ǰʷ»ȥʻء
Żعһʱ䲻֪أȻյĸ˵ϣŵһ顣
״Ц£ūʰǡʷȥգñµȾ˲á
·²յһ񣺡ˡ
Ȼ½󣬿첽鷿ȥ
΢ݴʷ°ݼ꣡
¹£д񣬾þòŶƽҲ˽ֻôš
˴Լһʱ䣬ᱳۡϥǴʹͷϵĺѾһεεصڴʯذ֮ϣȴȻû۵
ֹһ㣬һصŻ£ȵ˻ʼ飬˱ش˰ɡ
⻰ѹ˼֣΢֮£ʵ
бճдȷʵ꾡Щ˶˾ӣ˾ᣬ֪ʵ
»ش𣺡΢֪Ǳפʮûı֮ģôбĸ˽زӣó͢ǮţôںսҵʱУ΢ЧҵǶ꣬Ǳ£һкڱµ飬΢Ϣƴ΢ŭ˱£΢Ҳڣ


42 
ǳ
µĻ, Цϻ˵ļ乤Ưһ
⻰ﻰⶼΪŶӴ, ûа˽ģ˽Ҳʼ˽б, ͼı顣
Щʷǻشй, ػؾô䡣
ʲôڱδðݻĸۡסھӪ, 뽫ʿһͷ̲ˣһԾǰꡣ
ӱ񣬲߳ó淢
Ӱ/Ϊعܾ֮߹ذհ˱߾֮С׷齵һԶ
֮һ仰, Щʷû˵һ鲻á
ʷǾӵüֱڻ֮еĿģ
ɶݴʷһð, ͹˱ݵĴʷʲôôסʲôҪ, ƫ顣
⻰Ƿ˳ȥʷ̨ǰ, ץסһѱֱԡһЩЩƫ˽˵ҪЩԹٴһܡ
ϴζ۷ЩٴԹ٣Ϊ˸ЩίںõЩٳ, ҪΪ˸Ҹͷ
⻰Ȼû, վڳ֮ϵϺͿ˶ߣһ־˺ü, ҲһԲ
Ҫٴһ, ֮ϵЩԱǾͲӲ, ϾǹغıĴ¡
ǳǸˣ֪һ۵û̫ϵҲԸʡϹϵһͷԸʡЩ˰סϵš
ѹ£ûֵ˾֪
̫һӣҰʵ뿴ĸҪô¡
С͸һ𳤴ô᲻֪һƫ̻顣ʷ֮£ıǲģٲһڡ
ǲ㲵ȥ»̫Ĵʺޡ
ǲˣʲôԿһϾء޷Ա粵顣
һ۴۾˼ðʵ˴֮ΪҲɱõġ
ɱˣǱǺ˳֮йֱҳġ
۰̾һеˣʵ̫ˣƾһۣѵľء
̫ӡ顢Թ٣вע⣬ͻʧġ
۳̾һɡ
ڵϵȴǰһǶĶˡ˸ָ·á
Ҳû뵽ȻĿԻһɫĻȻĿöĹ
۲ûжŭЩǣǲ֪ԼҪı֮Ӧеı顣
²֪Ĳһ˵ǣһö۽ѵ౾
۷þò
ȫڶһ֮䣬ֻҪۻû˵ݼĴʷôûİȫ
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ͳ;⣬⺮µķ綼Ҫϼ֣ǸʲôĶܷġ
¡
ѩ
ͷһ˲䣬ݾͱºǹŵЦͷѩʱڣĽ˲͵Сȥա
ѩϵĲյһ̵ķϣǳģҲǳģŵõ٣
󻺲ȥһڣһĳһڱ˻ȥˣȷġֻЩºܷ£⽿֣ҪϸһЩ
ѩ׵檾õ¡
΢УǵЦݸʢҳݣҵģҲԡ
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üͷвײ΢壬ȴһ͵Ц⣺֮ǰ˵¹ĽѾͽˣȥһۣһƥɫĽɷǺÿѾȥĸˣ¾˸͹ȥȥü°ա⺮£ľ㣬ǴһЩҿҲϲ
ѩĽȥ

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ЩװġȻһ˼Ҳ¶ˡ
һˣͬôЩꡣ
ѩһӣ˵ǶԵģ̫ЩЩģǴˡ
ѩϵЦ͵ȥǷճһ¡
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ѩĸ˵Щ檻عȥĸס
󼸺һ¶֮ɫĸˣҪҪȥҽһȥưգ
ѩ̧ˡԼȥ
΢΢һ㶣ƽĹѩ򲻻ܾĺ⡣ĽȻ䵭
Żһ֮࣬һľͱ
Īʹ죿
ȴĦ֮£󵽵ĥ׹ѩΪλ᲻ˡ
Ҳգ£̫ʦҲ֪عҲ֪£ģڱס
ǣǰ˼ǣ˹ѩ֣һ˻ȥҲġ
ѩһȻáҡ֡
˳ưѹѩ˹§ڻ°ؿĶͷϣǸ飬̬ȲáҲǲ˵¹شں޶֮ǰ˵
ѩ죬һԲš
Щʱ򣬱ʷ࣬˵ڱ˽бͼııǹغĴ¡ҵһش˵Ҫȥһ֪ǸܣС˵ıŵġҲ֪ǰǼ£Ҳñܻˣһ֮Ҳ˵
ı仯ùѩӦӲˣһʱûзӦ
ǸԼˣ
ѩתͷͳ󷽲վڴǰһӣü֮γɵ֣ڻһʵǵ³ģϴ𣿡
ѩ֪ԼһЧˡ
ͷյѩĶߣ૶Ҷ˵ˣ²¶ۡɲ˵ȥСĻӿڳ֪𣿡
ȵϢ޵òŹѩң·ˮ͸ȫһ
ѩ΢ȣҪƿȴøˣˣ˯֮ȥգ
ѩİʾϸһȦ£Ϊ˳ص㳼檡
ѩϵĺΣЦִⲻȥϢգţ
ѩͷ¹գҪ˵Ļ
Ųܹѩôģ̧ѩ°ͣݺݵȥ


43 
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ѩ˲վס, ץס·˱Ļ
ѩòϣ, һܺܺõȡ
ȻԵûκηأС̽ؽ, , δسء
ǳɻ껹ûкӣԼҲŬ, պǶŬŬ
ѩɫ죬æ¿˵ˣûʺ֪檳ŵ飬»𷣳檲ʶ塣
һЦǵҪǲҪ
ѩδ⻰ʵĴҲǣҲ, һʱ顣
, 
ʱ⴫ڹ, Ž˹ѩΧѩæƿ, ݣ̬ŵĶ£Ȼ£ȸˡ
ЦȥС׼һЩ㰮Եģš
ǡѩ, ˳鷿
ѩתһ˲, Цͬһ㣬ȫ㡣
ԦһϲԼŮӾ˵ס
ѩ, ԻҲˡ
жٲ, ֻҪ΢ʾ, ΢ʾã΢´һȻĵǵ½⡣
һУԲˬ
Ů˵ףǼʶ̫̣ҪĲ
Ҫ¡
̰鷿΢΢Ƿ̫ӵ¡
΢΢ͷˣ
˹ţǰһѹȷʵڡ
΢УǺȻЦ⣺ȻڣǾֵǷˡǸܱܵͨ졣ɱ֪֡һֽɱкͨı¿ơ
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ʹûл֮ǰ˭µĶۡ
֪µײѹ̫ã˻֪Ϣ߹ųϢǰࡣ
ʵͿ˭죬Ѿٻرݴʷķ˴£ʣµʱݲ취ˡ
ʷѾٻأʵĶˣôϳһһս
̫һ򲻻ԷѣЩЧĵһ˵
һ뵽ճ֮ϻдĹԱ飬˽бͼı֮£ӱԽĳ
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󣬹ѩױݣ˹
վſӭ̫
ȫǷ񣬹ѩŸһ˻ص֮ڡļ˳̿裬ůͬһ㡣
̫ʦûпŮҲѵһҳ̡
Ѿڹѩ֮ǰ˹ΣѩкԹҲʱ
۹ôʣѩЦŻش𣬶ܺãܺãܺãҽÿո̥ҩ˵Ȳеӡ
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ΣѩǼ޳ȥˣȨ㳯Ұ̫ʦ֮λڶԺŮǵ飬Ҳǲ岻ϰ졣
˼䣬Ȥ鷿֡
ѩ̫ʦ뿪˼æĸ׵ĸףŮòϥǰТ׼ȻҪȥ֣ȥ游ĥһЩīͬĸ˵ա
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һֱΪһֱŹѩѩڶĲġǽտѩȻ洺ɫ˵Ǳĸ˵ӡ
֪Īĸ
ѩڶôһ㿪ĵģٽջ֮ǰ˹ѩĻġ
Σ̫ӵµǹ˼ɹңҿŮ
ݹϵ̶أ
Ұ·贫ӱ˽ͱ顣̫ӻδ棬ͽţҪƴһ
ˮļ޸ӳΪ¾ûһհӿԹˡ
뵽˱ĿȴֲùѩƼæ˼ȥЩ㰮Եģһһ𣬺úóԸ
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̫ʦһȥ鷿ѩҵ飬Ҳ˲ϵı飬æ˹ȥ
˸ճ˵ֹסһӵСŮͳġ
ЩʱȻÿԼ⣬ǹѩ䲻Ȼȴ޶˵ൣǡ
ˮǺһ԰˻ţʱʱǻҲĸ׵ĵ
⺢ԶЩŵĸʱʱ̵̿սľֲѹˡ
æþ˲ᣬԸȥú׼ϵĳʳ
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ںڵĳľ鷿װø¡
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ջ鷿İڷ֮ͬǰûκα仯²ɵñø
ڹѩЩ꣬£Ѿ˷ǣʷеһʯڲӿĴ֮вûбˢԽĥԽ⻬ˡ
˵գʲô¡
̫ʦ̨ϵˮ̨֮С
ѩعæǰȥīһȦһȦţһ̨Ѿĥī֭
΢죺ô֪¡
̫ʦ˹ѩһۣһֻʣЦ㸸ڹٳϻ˼ʮ꣬С˼Ҷ͸ȥ˵˼ջҲίӡջ̫ǻš̫Ӳţض㲻㲻ί̫ӻؼȻΪΪ֣һĻᣬĸ׾Ҫ˵һĻˡ
ѩ΢죺ԭ׻Ůġ
ѩ˵̫ʦζ²ȥˡ
±ʣ̾ЩĴĸ׶ÿÿǴҴææģҲϸʣȥ˶룬̫ɡ
ѩһ̫ʦô˵¡
̫ʦл⣺ΪЩ꿴࣬Щڵľ


44 
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ѩ仰, ЩʱˮȥæҡͷŮ֪ģ길к֮־ֻ̫ӵ¿԰︸׳, Ů޸̫ԸģǸױƵġ
Щ, վ˿ࡣ̫ʦŹѩ, оǲ̡
ѩҡͷȴ޷˵ࡣ
̫ʦˮ, Ҳʼҡ⣬Ϊǵǡ
ѩü˵Ըڻֱˡˮ޹ȥί
ڶôã֮˽̫ࣿʦȥ, ѩٳ޷ش
ϸϸ, ⻰ʵùѩһ
ȥİ, Ǳڽ˿Ľ˿ȸ
ʲôʲô
ʲô, ʲô
ÿպóԺúȵĹ˳⣬
ŹҵĽ׵ԻʺĻ, ǰ˺Ҫһ޵̫
, Ҳǿ̫ӿƣҪȥ˵˵强Ļ, ӡĲ, Ż߾ȹ, ñķӺ
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ѩ뵽ȥػصŮ˽࡭
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ѩȻЩȴֲôȡ
ĸףλһƷ÷꼸ʮ꣬ʲô͸أ
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ѩ̫ԼЩ̫Ӱ̫ǣ̫ʦһϯȻûлعζ㶵վ֪Ӧλػ
̫ʦ̾ԾǵǶ֮սǰڡˮҪȵؼ޵ʼȥҲҪȿӵûб¹ǰһءıﵱǼ޹ȥų£Ӧеصģ
ѩ̫ʦ˼Щ·ڹˮ޹ȥ֮ǰ׼Ϲۣ׼֣
סô˵˼̫ӵµģѩ̫ʦͼ׹̫ʦġ
̫ʦûлش
ô᲻֪ʱ˿̹ѩ˼
̫ϲЩͨ͸
鵽ǵ۾ϲһӣֻҪٹ̫б£Ҳɵ֡
Ϊɵ̫黹ûл֮ǰۻ˵κξ޷̵ǿѹס鼴ԾƽߵĹâ
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չѩ̫һͱı£̫ӾͲɴطŹѩѯʸ׵̬ȣ˵̫ʵҲûס
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ǣ̫ɱһסˣûڳ֮ϵĵͬܲϵһ㾡γ
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ֱı֮֮أطȻҪ¶Լڳ֮͢ϵĵ
̫һ岽ΪӪɹ˿أʵΪһ壡
Ĺ鳯ѡʲôʽػأ
סīεֽˡ
ѩ̫ʦþò֪˼ʲôʼīڳ䶼ûв
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ѩԥػش𣺡ˡֻױȫҫҪǣźá
̫ʦסбʹΪ취
ѩҡͷ֪̫ӵһֱңԲС̫ǿ޵ġǸûʵд˴㣬ʵҲΪ˱ȫһһʵʱɣҳ
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˶̫ᷢ꣬ı̫֮·ϣѩ̧ͷŹ̫ʦ˶Ůָһۺӵĺø׵ġ
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һĺ̫ӣĿӮ˵Ͽ
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⻰̫ʦףȴֱ˵
Ƿ̫ӵһʱð
˵Ǳ
ѩĺӣȻ˽⡣
⺢ӿȥһµӣȴִġֻҪ϶飬˭˵á
ھɸǱۡӵʱÿݼǶԹѩ˿ò˼
ȻôǵùѩŮ֣
ѩѾ϶һһķôպҲãҲգȫգ޷˵ȥ
̳һڱʮȫʮ벻̫̫ʦʱ˿ֻаûڡ
ԭŹŮѧ̣ɡ
ȴѧ̵̫ãŮѧ̫ãȫȻһŮģȴ󵽵ǿһӡ
̫ʦÿÿ뵽˴ѩĵ׾Ρ
ѩ̫ӵֻǵȻת˻ͷССţۿСҲҪⳡǷ֮Уʲôֵķ𣿡
ѩһ̫ʦᵽˮͺһȦҼҰ꣬β֪գȻǲҲҺ󳾡Щӣÿÿãҹ¡ֱ˲һıôû뷨Ů뷨ŮȲñջسҲ̫ȥ顣׶飬
˵ѩѾۣļˮҪҹ̫ʦ¿ûʲôתأŻصظ̫Ӹһϵʱ䡣
ѩҲ̫ûǰᣬ̫ʦصɫʱ糺죬æ˲ø׼Цˡ
̫ʦѩչˮߺ˵Щ
ˮ󡢴δ˼ĺҲΪԼĽҳıǰʼҰŮҲĿҲδ֪
̫ʦһҰˮ㿴


45 
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ѩûȥ仰, ֻǵͷ
Сȥƫˮի˻ûһյĹ򣬹ˮŽ鷿
ѩˮӭȥã
ˮѩ΢΢񣺡ˮ, ̫
ѩһ£Ϥӷ·һʶһ㡣ˮظ, ǲܲ˵һӵ, ôռȷʰ
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üƽ˳, һȻ֮ɫȫƽʱƤӡǰ˸ѩĸоûǰô׽
Щǧ֮ı䡣
̫ʦѩһãȻšˮ֪ˮ߷òƵھĴ֮¿ƭ˵۾ˣɵðһҪ¡ˮѾͳˡ
ѩһ׺Уλز
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ѩ㶵ؿǰˮһŷӦ, ̽ʵ㣬ǹˮ
̧, İ֮ʣ㣬ұǡ
ѩ۾˺һᣬת̫ʦףİ취
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ѩôҲĸ, һƷλȻô˵Ƥӵˣè̫ӵС
ҡףѩʵĵֲ֪ӦôӺ, ˼ͷòʡ
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΢΢Ƿס㣬ˮȸˡȻ뿪
ѩһֱµ״̬˼ؿԼľعص뿪鷿
ʰŸ
ǹˮСѧǴûѧǡ
һôˮˣЩһҹȫùѩôôŤ
סҲסѩ㶵ת̫ʦ
͵ܳȥ̻𣬱˽ˣûס̫ʦ³仰ùѩһ
ԭڶôྪĶǵ顣
ԭֻعػΪ¡
ԭⳡ֮սôȻĻɲЩ⣡
̫ʦߵǰԽаûڣҹŮѾһڻˣϷʵڲİһҲͽȥǹС
ѩ⻰˲£ס
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ѩѾòڹ̫ʦǰѵǰ̫ʦҲٶЩŮ˵֮ϵЩϵ
񿴼̫ʦһĳӣ֪ȷʵˡ
Ѿڳ֮ƾһ֮ȫԻŹٳصȻҪ˵ļϡ
¹̫ʦ˵ѩûвĵ
ǰȥѹ̫ʦ֮ϣϵĲյ˹Լ˸ӣ£ʲô˵ģѩűǡ
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ѩϸüͷԽԽ
ԶҪࡣ
̫ʦԵɣһڲžˡˮ׽ôҲ㣬պǺӽӸٲҪڹ档ܰĵͶաϾСſеķաǰ;ãδ㣬պѣΪȷǿƴһƴϹͷǻ
ʵ̫ʦлһ仰Ըᡱ¶Ĵ⣬ôҸѩֱ׵˵
ѩͷСűил߳ȥ濴ɽӡ
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ѩȻ̧ͷ
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ѩɵѵûպӶö꽭ɽ޳ȥŮӣΪⶫһεĻʺ󡣵ʱ򡭡
ʱҲġ̫ʦƶطеĲյ̫˼һݸӻ̫ѾǹңСӱѵͲ֪ľãʵⳡգ˭Ӯǹк³
ѩһ
ǰ̫ӷѵӾͲžãЩŮӣ˵ףһƺһӰˡ
Ҫ߲Ҫ߲ҪǵķıΡ
ʲôʱʼҲģ·ԭ֮ϴѩ˲仯ҰĲ֮ϡ
ɣϷȴԸġ
̫ʦϵ˹ѩ֥ޥ̾վ⵽ǰ𷽲д֡ѩֽϺȻдš¡֡
ĻߣضĻߡϷҪľһһܹǰӣ֪õľһˣ¶ΣӣϷҲûʲôˡʱǴǹٶȥԶ볯ãɽԶ԰ֱȪ
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֮ǰǷѾŸ̫ӡҷԴڸߴȥһ֣ջ
ô಻֪ˣ֮Ŀûʷĳ֮ϡ
عѡ
ѾԪϣԪѫʸ֮ϲ޹
֮սһҲҪȥ׹ֻҪסǰһУǫãСĽЩڶʷŨīزʣ
ţ۴Ҫʢĺݵʢ󣬱һ㹻ǿľλ
Ȼᵹ֮
ֻҪȴɵȵǸˡ
ѵĻڣѩ֪ϸ롣ԭ˼뵽ࡣ
ĸô˴㡪ⳡ֮սУһ߶վֻ븨
ǣѩô᲻֪һ߶վǱ߶!
ʲôѩ
ǣ̫̫˽ˡ
ʱļһֱֲԺʱ̲յλס
κһ˳֣жʦպȻҲ顣
縸ԣǸĺһ
ȥ˵׽֮ԣմȥ٣
ʵ˵Ҳ֪İɣǾԲġ
Ϊ̫֮λ㾡ŵġôߴڡ
˵ıһ£֪̫һֲ߻ģ
׻ǳסҪԼֵˡ
صɱ¾֮һĵ׻ʲôƵһ浽׻жģ
һˣĵ׵ʲô
ѩԽ룬ľԽ³
·һɫӣĵ׻ѿȵķڻȥǹΪڴȡ𽥳ǵڰ֮У޷
һ뵽һ˿΢Цʱ򣬾ͻ䡣
һαƵˣ׻ʲô
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̫ʦǰе飬һʱûзһҳ
ѩױ̨ǰ㶵ؿž԰׵ӣȻỬ䡣
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̫鷿ֽӡӰһȫʧ
ůҽԺҩ˯ȥ
ѱڱΣɽһƬڰ֮СƬưĺڰ֮У޷Ԥڵľ޴ջһһ֮ǡ
Ƭڰвѣɽ㸲Ѫ꣬ĩշ̡
һϵĶѾĿ͹˵ȥҲѪȷϴ񡣵ÿηжô񱩣ֻҪ⽵٣ǱһȽӲõ³
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ԸⱾV߾VVԺÿ춼6000+¡ٺ١
ԤСäޡŬȫĴ壬뿴Сɰղأ±Ƽλڿ죬Ҳڿ
ǡ


46 
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, ŷ¥Ѿѱ𵴿ϱ֮ϵӹ¥졣
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һһ͸ոѵһӭһĳ
ѵһֱͣụ̈Ѿס˼µòϰߡ
ͣ, ƫˮիѾͷǱϴˮʳڷſڵഫ
༫䲻شӴ, ȵЩѾͷǽ
ЩɵƫˮիźСѾͷ, ȫѾһˡ
һûм
ֻ֪һƫˮիźѾͷԺֻһҹ˸ἰһ顣
ȫͳһ˵ǣǹˮ͵ȥ棬ˤԼ
ѾͷƫˮիźҲһ࣬ʼСĹС㡣
źʱˣ, ľС, ƺҲûдеôź
ÿճճʰѧ, ֮Ϸ鼮ôһͳҹӡ
ȥ̫ʦ簲ѩҲ, ˳λϵĴ񣺡簲á㰲á
ѩ΢΢ͷһɡ
⿴΢С£ʵഫһϢǾǹҵ˶Ѿʼ𽥽ɲϰðĹСˡ
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Ŀ뿪, ѻƫˮիů֮, ֮ǰûп顣ڵĿĺȷ, ڹùС㡣
֮ϣü΢Խóˣڽ̵๦ġ
̫ʦͷǸˣϴĸֻ㼸䣬㿴˶ߣʡȥ˺ܶ鷳Ǹֵýύġ̵Ŀγ̽Ӧúúøл˼Ҳǡ
ǵͷѾ˵ˣ׼š
̫ʦԼϱһֱ⣬󷽣Щ齻δӣҲٲĶʣֻۡΧʲô춯
ҡͷδʲô쳣
̫ʦů¯һЩɢ˳ȥš
ףǣӻ˶ŵġ
ϳҿŰա̫ӾԲŹôõĻġ̫ʦ΢С
Щǵӿ˽б췴һ£ӦҪȱʹŻᡣ
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ʾ⣺ˣۣͼѹӹ鳯ٹ⡣ڶۣ±ϲӣҲҪòһĲɡֻҪһɱ̫ʵӴܼˡ
̫ɱѳھͿӵҪôһˡ̫ʦ⻰˵õȻһ²ؼӡ
Ÿ㵭б㿪ʼòˣЩ̽ʵΪǷƾ֣
ϾҲأЩ£ģҲ޳Īһ֣վ̫ӮһЩ
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ֻҪĹԱƷҪڶʮսˡټؽݴʷѾص׼ְ
סڶǵĴСԱڳһ֮󣬱ùٷ߳ǳڳǰ㼯һ˺ӣſڵݣýȥ
ͣ£ȴû˴
ңңԶͣһ
ڳϿУ̫ڶ棬ȥʺһ
̫ʦ۾ɨ͸ĴֽЩ굹ʵڼǸŮһ㶮֪ˡĻڲ࣬˼ҲС
ս̫鳯ǲˡȥȥ
̫ʦһ۾Ĭ
ϴ멣¯
·ͬſ׷פ㱧ȭ񣺡顣
΢΢Ƿһһ񣬼Ž⸮ȥ
⸮ǰС˹Ⱥֱֱλүˡ
š洫һš
ǰȭ񣺡ݼ̫
һλͷѩˣ˿ȥƣü۽ǱɢȥǳǳЦ⣬Ҳ͵һشˮһ㣺ֶ˵ý
صǡ
ͿæְԼ£Ϸһֱţòֶ㸸ˡ㸸ĸ׿ɰã
ͷǣλӻӲʣûʲô󲡣лġòڼлͣſܡҪǡ
ЦŰڰ֣ЩϷĲҪţ
ЦҸҲѿףҲǰǰʱ˷纮ҲСһţ¹˲ҹл
ͼˣЦ⽥գ̲סпиӺðӲʱ򣬿ɳȥʹڳ󡣡
˵æһТ˫ȫ׹кβã
͵ͷˣȷʵܺãϷкβأſڵˣֶһȥɣ
תͷȥȺæǵͲͷˡ
Ҳͷʾȥ
˽⸮͹ǵЦҲ𽥱ɣǶӺðٶԺԼҵģһˡ
*
ʱ˿̳ⶼվ˴СԱرʱ䳤̲һ
ӽ磬дԱδΪƷµĹԱʳƷϵĹԱš
ŵʱ򣬶˿ͣõĹԱǿЩʱ¡
ƷԱǸ˼ճһСѣС̸ۡ
׸ȻƷְһÿ飬һ㶼ʡƷԱ١
Ծ׸˿ò͵ʸ
õĴԱǣһֱţűȥ
׶ʮգǰ㷱ֵľ󣬳ĴԱǶѾϰߡ
ټگ׷ȥ
ʱϦѾҫһƬɫߵƺѾȾһƬȻ
ڸո˳ĹԱ׸ڳرá
̫Ȼվ£ӣ֮ϵĶ۾ȴһƣ֮
λ֮س۾ӣĬذѻ˶
ΪճЩƷϵĹԱÿնҪϳġ
£ڽ֮ǰ౨Ǽ£˵ҲһԣȺس׷һ¿ӡ
׼ɢʱ򣬾׸ǰһһӡ
л˵
ϴԤ(T . T)
ָ·רСäޡҷѽ


47 
ͩ
Щ, æȥѾ׸Ӹʸ˶ۡ
۷, ֻ౾дʮɽң̶, ɱ䵥İա׸೯͢, Ƿǰȥƽҡ
۰ӵݸ죬ʾ
֮, ը˹
ΪȵʱΰѾǳˡڶۼλ֮ʱͿ
ʮ꣬δжҡ
ôھȻˣ
üаˣճȥ, ǴӳġؾõЩ, Ǿ׸е
, 뷨ЩʶС, һˡӦǸнˡ
Ķ˼֮𽥱Сҽ󽫾͡
ҽ󽫾ǰһϥأ
۰ڰ֣ڲ׷ʱ, ƽ˳˲¡ǧǷ, ƽȥɡץĻԵɡµĵط, طǵԹ, ԩ޴, ҡ
͵ͷּȥ졣
˵ͱ˳׵Ƿȥˡ
޵ɨһ̫󣬶ʵɻ౨
һƬ
Щɣһ䣺ɢ˰ա
ɢ
ƷϴԱ֮ĹԱͶ뿪
̫΢΢Ƿ۾뿪֮󣬲Ż򶫹ȥ
һɻĸϹ̫ʦĲ⣬ν⣿
̫ʦ̫ȥıӰһӣʱδѡ
ʵףҲڽ̫ӵı֡
Ȼûߥʷ̨飿
ͼıѾѹ£Ȼô˴£̫ӹе硣
£籩ǰҹưʵаӿ
ⰵƺʲôö鷿˰ҲûԵɣһͷʹëַˡ
״æСڹ٣ҩϸĵԹһЩƫԼһڲ޲ףŰҩʵȥȰοµǻʱ򣬽Щʱչڲˡ
۽ӹҩһڣֱüصıѾڰͷˣʹδйβġ
״׼ڲ۽˹ȥջҩ룺ūһѵĻ֪
̧һ죺˵ա
ǰһѹ˵£Щڱǳ˲СĿͷ¿ϻ˵Ѿ׼Т֪ͷëزñĵġ
ϸϸĦ仰ȷʵв뿪һЩ
˵ڱ˲СĿָ࣬ǱӪĻָ̫Ӱȥɱı
˵Ѿ볯꣬ƽ£˵Ҳһ׸ӹµ֮
ǰ֮δдκһ۵Ȼϱһۣƽ˱ƲҲСսƾΪ󷶾ʱ۾뵽˳µض
ԣѾ˹׼
ԤıĹ϶̫ʷ̨۾Ϳѹסġ
ǸӣۻЩ˽ġ
ԸҪ̫ӸΪ
԰ǰŸվڴ֮ر粵ȻȻȻسߡ
Ȼһˣô̫¶ҲӦúηǡȻҪôʵԸأ
ΪףӦٶһʱ䣬ԼΡ
˼ˣ۳سһ»ȥϢա
ǰҵ
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ֶƵϢһֱԪǰҹ
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۷Ҳǰȥùͷ۾ֹסŴŵķ
ȻЦ£ˡ
һĻͩˣֱӣϵĽҲ˲ȥ˲١
첻ſڵڹٽͨȥſӭͩ
ū밲
˵űҪ¹ͩæǰһѣķ·ƶѩĵһ꣺಻˶񡣡
̧ۣ⿴ȥһӣǹŵЦ⣬Ǻѩ׷ɵĶվůϢΧơ
ͩ۵ĵĸӣŻ游ͣپ֮һ̫֮λ
Ϊ̫Ǹĸоͩڹǵ빬ŮǶϲλº͵ĵ´򽻵
Ͼͩºֱ̫͵ĺӡ
ͩ΢ȥ븸밲һͬ˵
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ͩߵīȾͷڵֹס˽Ų
ֱֱͩߵǰع£ߵݴ񣺡밲ʥ޲
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ͩվǰȴȻ붫۱ľ롣
ͩЩĴߣˡ
ͩЦǾöܿˣ
۲
ͩɫ㲣в̣˵Щ룬Ҳ֪ڸͳ¾Ȼ˸ԣհҵҰƵȣĴƽΪԼ͵֮϶е
ͩⲻ¶ۼعάöʥĴá
վⲽһϸȰοԼɵģѾȥˣԺӻܲûиչŻʺźŮӣԼҲҪϵġ
ͩˣæ̧ףܻһЩŲµĶ븸ײҪǿȶȥ˺𣿡
ۿͩ˳飬ɵس̾һӣùηĵ¡ִⲻҪҲҪ檣վȥˣϥ»ûһӣԺôи
ͩĳӣοЦŴóһᣬ˹ȥллģҲǶ껪ԺӻأպĽ⿪زڽ̸ײЩˡЩ길׶Զ̣ģص븸סϣ׿Ժ󣬻Щǳ
ۺɵؿͩеǱ硢ʮװᣬϿһ֣ȷк֮С
۴򿪷һҳֻһҳһӲӵĵȣɽˮ֮
ǣ
л˵
İ񣬹˫˵ľĻͩ~
ţĵ£ܸܲԤմ档
ͩҵϷ
ţΣ
ͩлл֧ңϹ
ţ


48 
ϲ
ȥҶһӲӡĵ, дֲڡ͹ƽָг֣ȥһӲӵԶɽˮī, Ȼīҳ֮ϡ
ͩ¶֮ɫ֪, Ǻ˸׵⡣
ߵ۵, ͵ף⵾ȱǶϷ֮ժ, ɹɡѹűģ⵾ȺɽˮǶժ⴮ȺŲժ֮صԭӣӡġɽݺպɽʯᾣǧ𡣡
۵, һʹȹ, żôһδȻʳѲ, Ҳǵйȥûеߵɡ
ӵⶫ꽭ɽ, ûȥɽʢ
ͩ˵Ȼпֺ֮⣬δķϡ
ڿͩѷհҵҰƵȣĴƽõǰ, ʱ, ۲žԭͩ˵Ķġ
Щǿ֮, ôͩǡհҵ, ҰƵ, Ĵƽ֮ࣿ
ַͩʽ棬װľĹʵķ
ݵĵȱԲɣݵɣҶ̶ʴ¡ݵĲ˿˪ѩݵС𡭡
һһͩѡ黭֮ᡢƳɱ걾ʵﶼǶҪũɣҵ
Щ걾֮ͩóĵ˼ӲʣЩԭήı걾
һ߭˶һ㡣
аֲݱаٵط顣
ﶼøسС·ӣ˻
κһ۾յһɼͿô᲻ˣ
⼸꣬׵گͩضȥҴҡԭæɾΪһʢµĻ᣿
۵ֹסزͩĿҲøС
ͩǸƵ֮ɫ£׵˼ǷԻһˣ
ۻͷеĻᡣ
ͩīѧǳ벻֡Ǹ׿ױ⻭ˡ븸ȡһְգ
߻ǰеĻϣʣӺ˼̩֡񰲣
ͩޣãò׵ıˡⱲӿ¶Īˡ
̧©簮֮飺ѻڵϵ˼óһúѧѧҲ´ˡ
ͩ΢Ц⵹Ϊˣö绨ѩ£Ҫˣ
֪ͩӣвһһֵ࣬ɺף˳ˮ㡣ֽУ໭ϸС
֮߳ʹĻʦǶΪ֮̾ѡ
⡶̩񰲡Ļܹ˵ʥģҲΪÿһġ
⻭һǿöЩʱٶµ˼΢
ȥĸˣʵ
ͩҡͷ˶ǣ˸ۡϴһŻҴҽˡĸﻹδȥ
ĸҲдδˣȥú˵˵ա㸮ۡҲûмˣɴȱˣסĸ˵ա
⻰׵ĸͩڹˡ
ͩһ⻰æƴǵף⡭̫Ϲءֻô޹У
֪ͩ˼㲻ǣԼĶڹ꣬ݲ˵
ͩüǡһȥ̫Ӹˣȥĸװա
۵ͷһҳһҳеĻᣬ
ͩ״Ƿˡ
һͩ㻺˳鷿
鷿ſ죬ͩЦīȾ
īȾĴеĴľȡһСľУݸͩ
ͩСľд򿪣¶һԲҩ裬࣬ݵؽżѦҽĻǵѦҽ˵ˣⵤҩηʪëǶ֢
ܳæҪ£ͩһѰסϥãͲҪ˼ˡ
д֮ɫصĵÿÿԶūѰһЩݣū缲ĵµĶūмġ
ͩЦź׵ж˲¿¸ҪܺһӣǱ˽ȥѰҩֻδڸǰźֲܵӵĿǷ
ͩ⻰˵˼жˣȴ˵úһ㡣һߴ涫ţһ߿ǰߵ
⻰ĶǼֱһķ۶ůģòá
ӹͩҩУæл¹ūĵ¡
ͩЦţǰ档
΢΢Ƿţͩ
鷿ֱߣǱ԰
һ·ϹŮǿͩ׷פͩ䷳ضÿһ˶ºһЦ
ֱ԰Χ˲һЩ
ͩŻ˽Ų࣬ҸջûգһЩԷ
ͩʣʶؿ˿ΧȻͩ΢һЩص֪ĵνķԷʲô
ͩЩɣ˾ģǡйܵġ
һüͷĵ£ū˵ԾĻ˼»ǣЩδж۵飬ɶš
ͩ̾һֻЩġ
ȰĵӦö֪֮
ȻѾѻ˵ˣͩûʲôʵˡ
Ϊ࣬Ȼ֪һ˲֪ĳûܣ֮ڶüʮ꣬׻Ϊ֪Լı֡
۹һɻڹԼ֪룬֪֮ЩӿҲۡ
ڻʹַԵūţȻ̸£ȴǿԴط⡣
췽ᵽ֪ͩԼͲӦ׷ȥˡ
ʴ֮ĸԸ漰ôö۵ϲҲΪʴš֮á
οҰĵ۹Ļӡ
Ǳо鷨Ѳκκ֮¡
ͩȻǶ׷լۡԴǰ֮һɽˮ룬Ӳ๳֮¡
̣ĸİȡ
û֪ԼĶеʱΪ飬ٲҪһ
β֪Щĸӵ̣Ȱ˵ǱͩǵҲ棬пǻ
Ͼλסڶˣ˼̫ء
ͩһˣ֪磬ΪԼһֱƴղźȰ
Ȼ²ʺʣǱ㾲ա


49 
ͻ
ͩ, ǵһ뿪ʳǵʱ޽ϻûô˪סڿȥȴͷѩ
ͩȻ̾Щӣˡ
ϲͩϸ緢, ҲǷſ˻ͷЦҡҡͷūСʱǸûġ˹, ˱µĶ, һȫ̱¶šΪ˱£ⶼӦõġ
ͩҲٶ, ֻǵذգʹáȥݼ̫ӵ¡
ͷȷʵ뿪̫ãֻñȭū͵¡
ͩͷīȾ԰ﴩС
ԶһЩīȾ߿, ͩ, ѹ˵Ҳ̫סˣôôֱӵȥ޴ࣿ޴Ǹ, Բ˵ҪǱԵȥ, ֪Ҫ¶
֪ͩԼ³çˣеļɫȴģããȻ¹ذ飬β
īȾü¾ټ, ҲҪסȹ̫һأ
ͩسһ, ֳһ, Լľƽ
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δ, ſڵԶԶر㿴ͩӰ, ǰȥͨ
ͩյſھͿһЦĴӶＲĵܻˣҲŵһԴ漣»һͬһأ
ͩ˵Ʋס˷ܣ˵ĿģԴ漣Ļ;ˣҵģ
ͩһԴ֣ͬնһ㣬ֻʻ̫񡣻īȾһѣͩŻعȭǷڨڨһЦݼ̫ӵ¡ʧˣ̫ӵĪ֡
Ʋһ㣬סͩ󣬴Цţôĵܣĵܰɳգвܵŵġߣȥ鷿СƬ̡
ͩȻźЦݣȴǰԾȣܾýյЩˡ
磬ӱ粻ɴĦûвɣֻţ鷿ȥ
һ·ϣͬһֳһ㣬ͩ߶߶ĵò֪Ϊǣҡ
ͩش£ݼ̫ӵˣƬ̶ҵ顣
ͷü΢¶õĵô˵˼⣿
ͩȻ̬ǫѷ磬ǶǶ̫ӵ¡ϣǾǳаԾһֱġ
а
Щͩһֱǫӣǰ˺󣬶̫ȫͩСϲ࣬һֱѧϰ߲Ϲġ
ںĹｻȥĹΣҲƽƽ
Ȼܹ֮֮󣬳ȥ۸һЩ¡
̫ӵĸԤ£Ҫͩα߽֮صδʷ\\
궫۾ͩñ߽ƶ񤣬ࡣҲ£ԼĵͩΪĵЩ꣬ͩڽһصĴʷ˾ûзԡ
ϸ羰
֪ͩɽˮλµ־ֲɥ֮ʹγǶ۶ͩһ簮
ڲϣ簮ĵͩ
ı֮ϣ۳谮顣
̫ӣƺûܵ׵ƫ̻簮
뵽оȻ𣬲пһ䣺׻Щ
ͩ䲻˵Ļ˸飬صºδԣ
׿Цȴ͡
ͩ˼תļ죬ɵذٷŻ˿ڽ֮
ȻĬ
ͩ̾²ҪǺޱ£Ƕδľ¶ԵµҪȻͬЩӡϿܻǶԵ¼ġ
վͩ׶ҵǲһģ
ͩͷǰ¡ϲЩī±ųȥˡǷڶʱ̫˵һɥ־ա
˵Ѿ鷿ſڣü죬Żһ˿Ѿ΢ЦͩǰӻͲֳһɵķƵľᡣ
⶯³ģͩüͷ΢
黭ҵϡ漣ֶڻͲֳ˳һһֵǵ֮һŷֽ
ЩȷʵûȤеļֵҪôղء
ȻôмЩΪʲôҪѾ˼ȥѰң
£ͼ
ͩʱѾѻչ
ͩعߵǰ⻭֮һع۲ͩĶ
С֮ǼĨɫȻͷȥţһʱͩϾ͸˲˼飬Ȼͱһ̾Ϣ
Сز鿴˶ۡ
ԴĻ֮ԳΪĻܻ֮мĨɫɫ֮Ĺɫ
ɫû˿ЧµģΪԴԼû֪ͳɫʲô
ͩһСЩͩ黭ĳԣǼٵġ
Ҳô˼
λϣô˵ĻСȥֱ档öǮˡ
ĵܶһֱǫ񣬺ԾԲһƽ˿ġ
һӣԵ֮λû֮ģǲġ
ҪʱʱһЩ̽Щܵǵ˼
ֵǵĻһ̽Ļڡ
ͩǱȲϲ黭ǼĨ֮ɫֳļ֮飬ȴ޷װġ
һ̽Ч
ͩ㿴һĹ򣬲ջĿ⣬ڨڨЦţ˵֮ǳۼˣһʱҲ޷ƽ⼸Ĩɫܡ
˳ˮۣĵܱûȥúö꣬͵Ƕɺã
ͩޱȣ֣ɲɣȥѰ⻭ǳ˲ôá
ͩƴǣԹԵǰȥѻ³ͩʹ
ѻݸͩ⻭ǻԵɺ֮õģҲҲأǰ֮ϧ
ͩ¶ɫףϥأ˫ֽӹǳ㲻ƴˣлµʹ͡
ͩѻС벼֮УŵҵĸۡԼֵܣҪһȿڲա
ȻλҲ໹һλͩʶȤλ
аЦҲ̫СЩСĽҲɲʲô¡
ͩһڲ裬²յʵ֪ڵЩʱգµɻã
ЦǰЩʱȾһЩ纮ղź
ͩͷɽȥ˿ҽԺﶼǹ֮ʥ֣չ˵µӣвȫġ
üͷ΢壬Ϊãֵܶˣлĵǵȥģ˲ǣ
ѾڶͩˣͩڨڨһЦǳˡ


50 

Цʵ, ǻЩϡ⣬ɲҪ˵ֻ׼˸µû׼ġ
ͩص, ܵܵôǡֻǶɣֻǸСˡ
С⣿üһ
ͩһʵС«ģԲĶ, «ΧһȦ, Ѫɫʺ, ɢһֹȹ֮ɫ
ǡѪɴ۾
ͩѪݹȥɷʱڼϿġҺ񲢲֪Ʒļֵô㶪һ桭
ӹѪ࿴, ɲøпôѪѾϡ֮, ôѪڿյҲո˵󡭡
ֶ, ɹɼ
ĿǵϡյľϸԼ
Ҫ, һֱϲռʶȺá
ڶռƷѪǼеġ
ԣͩͺСȴ͵Ŀϡļƽ, Ѫļֵ, һȸղ͸ͩǸˡ
󰮲֣СѪȥķš
ͩаһ, ˾, С˵, ʰ£Ҿòסۡ塭ҽڹĸһֱԪڡ
ͩ˵һ㶣º͵Ц⣺ȥֳ꣬ⱼۡһֱҲûĵչˡ˵öԣظۡһˣڹЩҲܸ˵ġ
ͩа㲻ãæл绹ҡ
еѪͩʱվ縺Σӵһһġ쵽ˣض绹ҪҾͲڴ˼߶Ŷˡ
ͩȥ֮⣬ҲֻǵͷȻڹסˣպֵ˵ʱţһʱȥٺˣʲôȱһҪͬ˵ȥð졣
ͩһݣл¶䡣
°ͣȥա
ͩ˳˶鷿سһīȾͩ޽麹£үû°ɣ
ͩҡͷеĻݸīȾúš
īȾ֪̫ӵʹ͵Ķ޲СؽӹŽĲ
ͩ˶ţѾһ麹Ծؿ˼˪ɷĶնԵɢ⡣
òԽԽϲŭ޳ˡ
֮ǰһ̣̬ȡȴһʰֳģдġ
ͩ쳤̾м˸֮ɫ
*
Դ½ݼϢͿʼæµ
ȥСٳһЩͩϲĲߵŮīվڻ࣬޲Ļϲ֮ɫ
ͩСϲЩ΢ζĶֲϲ̫ʱҪСŵ㣬÷ִ硣ڱ߶š
īæסȰү϶鷿̫ӵ˵һʱҲѲô졣ǿȥЪŰգһһζɲҪȥԡµʱүһβס
뿪һīڵĻҲʵͩÿλȥҴңڹ˶ʱΪԡµͩлҳƫ˱⣿
ε̾һŷϸŵͩʳ㲻ټС๤ػصů
ȻǻصůЪϢ۾ȴһֱŴſڣ㷲صͩ
īڿŻ˽Ƶӣ̲ססЦˡ
īˣƢԽûˣ
īЦʢǣūﴦūǣصӽ²СѾͷǿˣǻỵصգ
ѾһûмͩˣĸУģ漴ѧȤˡ
һģҲ˵ģǻϵĹҪơͩ˻Ҫѵ⣬Ҳһƶģ
īڼе㺦ߣæһյϴūˣӣүˣҪѵūˡ
ΪҪѵ㣿ͩˬʵ
īͩеĲյӭūݼ¡
ͩɨһΧһصĹŮһ֣աÿǶдҲۡ
īȻڻǰЩվͷڴŮ٣Ҳ˶ʮ꣬Ȼūı֡
Ȼͩô˵ǹذѴ꣬ػūŸȥССһүūŸ˰ˣ
ͩԣһ֮ɫĸˣǶТô˻ĸ˲͡
Դͩǰ۾ͲԾ´Ͷ˵䣬Ѿһˮɫ
ǧҪ˵ȴֲ֪Ӻ˵һ㣬㶵ضͩ
īڼ䳤ɫ֪໰ͩ˵ĬشΧźŮ˳ȥ
ڵһ˾ֹסͩ״һæǰڻϥǰĸǶòԣˣ
Ĩȥ飬ü֮価𱻣㻹֪ĸȻ֪Ϊѡʱ
仰ͻȻͩȴһ㶼⣬ĺ˶ûзһ𱻣޻˵
ͩ첻˵ӣ֪п϶ʹ⡣
Լĺӣ˽ⲻˣɵذ̾һ
ȻСͩһº͵ĻӣԼТ˳ֵơɻֻ֪Ҫ飬һ˷ԣֻҪ϶ǶԵģͻ޷˵ȥ
ǰʱִⲻ븮ϴϷǾЭӡ
ҲһֱִտڲԵӡ
ִͩƢˣ¸Ǿۣ֮㲻ҪΪҲ֪ʱΪ飡
ͩû˿Ҫֱ˼ֻǵͷĸҲ֪𣿡
̾һҡͷ㵣޿ɺǣҪ˺Լ˲Ĳǣ
˵Ż֣ͩսݵ忡ӵ㿴㣬ⲻúչԼ˲١һģͩԼģ
ͩԼһůס֣˵ĸڹ꣬һֱסԪ빬ĸȻˣÿտҪúõĸ׼һЩóԵģЩ
ڹˣЩȣ֮ıǵģ̫


51 
ġ
ͩͷȥ̫ӵ, ȥʱһѪǻϲûж˵ʲô
һǱá
ͩݵӣ, ջǿ˿ڣͩЩ, 浽ǳ˲ٿ, Ҳûһĵ˸չ㡣ҡ
ͩ»֣ĸ, Ȣ飬ɷһšŵ飬һûȫ¡
üȥˣΪִֵزϰǼ½ҹȥ
ͩ˳ṳ̊ϣŻϥǣͷؿڻ, ׷˼ĸ, ʮ˹, ųɻûãͱųΪ޴ʷǿʼһֱⱼճС, ӳʼͱţܹĴ֮ࣿȥ޵ʷ·ͻ缲ǸСطҲҲõĴĲô, ˾ȥˡ
˵ͩۿѾһȦ, ͣƬ̣һ, ż˵һֱԼǷ̫, һ, Ҫȥطʷ޷˵ظȥˡѵʱҪڶΪҽϴĸһţȴԸͬʹࡢԹŮӣôͷˡһֱϹûչ˺Ů
ͩ޷ҹȥ˰̣ÿἰͬǵֻ̺һ˿ڣ̳Ѫۣʹô̴衣
ͩסץסԼĿڵ·ԾȣѾŷųѪѾ޷ټ˵ȥˣֻܰͷڻϥͷĬ
ḧͩͷǸŮҲһ̾Ǻӣǿģβ֪顣ȻҲἫƼΪǣòԽˣĸܾÿǷ㡣ûҪиչ㡣Ҳŷĵ¡
ͩ͵̧ͷĸպϣο˱ˡ
ɺ˵ŵæܿȥȷΧڹѾīڴ˲תͩô˼
ͩؿŻɽĴɫºͣ𽥱ñǧиɽ֮ϸǵİѩѩǧ겻ⶳıǰӲ
ͩ⸱ģֻľ
һͩ⸱ģ
һʯ޷
һɱѹѩɽ֮µİڿȷڡ
ͩûÿ־塣
ʱգְֲֿֿͩı顣
һͩʧȥֿôһѵΪǰʱ䳯ϵǼ£
˼תһȦȻͩղǾ仰⣬ʵͩǴҪ
ͩͷһ
ֿʼ΢΢ﾡǿ־벻ͩ
ĸͩȻվߵǰһݣҡˡ˰꣬ûлͱ̫ӲһıĴЩ̫ӳƴԽЩֵܷˡԽǶţԽѹӲùĸں󹬵Ӳù游ڳ֮ϵҲǺù١踺ؿԻǵһ̫ƽҵȻԸⱣƽµµΪĹһӣɣڵ̫𣿡
仰ֱķصôؿڣ̵ʱӿͷˮ
ֱͩˣ˵ұ̫żһֱƶ֮Ĵûͬһ㲡ڱӡ븸ס游٣޷лϥ£ТⱾףЩһֱڽһתܹ޸öࡣ֮ǰ𢣬ΪҾλܵģؿԱһû뵽Ǹλϡôˣ̫֪֮ˣԼֵһ˿̣ұ㲻˼ĸҲˣҪĻλջֵˡβ淴֮ģ
ͩ⻰䶼һѼذףڻͷ
˵ÿһ仰Ѫܵʵ
ĿɢЩҵ¡
ĸ׽ʹǰͿʼƲ볯֮¡
׸֮ȴ׸֮ʵ
˵ףڳ˻Ϊлûһճӿ볯Ϊ٣Ϊ¡
ͩС񵭣ϲǿʤڻλļ̳һֱģӺ˽͵ġ
Щ꣬ͳƲлͣͩôˡ
;ôһŮôһô᲻ǳı
ͩ游׸ôǿͩȥԼ飿
ֺα׽̫Ӷ˱˼
ͩ˵öԣЩ꣬ǰں󹬣ĸڳ֮ϹĶСı
ĸף۳ҳüʮ˳õʱйһص̸
˵ͩڲԸ֮ԺҲһ뵽յĶֻҪлػˣһᱻʱĥƽһ˿棬һɱ֡
̫ظ飬ǾԲῴԼ׽˾һһȥ
ƻƵһı㣬ѧ᲼ִֵ֡
̫ӡԼҪλһֻѡ֮Ӳܻʤ֡
ҪȨǰȱһɣԽ볯ǰȰЩںһҪ̸أԼڸ躹ޡ
꣬ʮ꣬ͩһԼǣҲˣһ֮
ʱգ¶֮ʱ
ͩʮأΪľǽͩյľġ
οЩĵȴûа׷ѡ
˼󣬻סᣬ˵游ǰЩ˳ӲǺЩˣѾԿżˡں󹬲߶ȥ游ɡ
ͩ⻰̧ͷֻص˵ͷ֪ͩ仰˼ǻѾĬͩ˼
ؿͩǰŵͩޱȱȴ޿κΣʱĵ׾һӡ
鱻̫ӵıǴĵ׵һߡͩѻվ̫ԻʺôպںҲù
ΪʲôԼ̫
ο
ԼĶӣһմüĿ֮࣬ų޵ɱ⣬ݼţ
ͩõӦʣ൱ڵõ˺󹬵Ƿһ롣
վڻ࣬ż򣬵ĸȻѾңһ£ֻ뷨ˡ
ǺεȵĴͩ⻰һ֪˵ʲô
ˣ鼴鳯ĸǰ谮߳ҵǣƻʺں󹬵ڱС²һ˿ԴٳɣҪһЩʱգҴӳ顣º͵ػص
ͩͷ֪¼áﻹһƽ٣ҪȿԼıӦȥǲܹһΪ̫ӵ鷳˵ĵˣǱǵѡ
Ҳǵͷ
л˵
趨ǻҪһЩһʮߡʱ
Ҫ˹ſԳɻ顣
˽˽~


52 

ʱīڽ, 񣺡С˵׼ˣţȥ
ͩ, ͩڷա
ǡīӦȥ
ͩ䲻ش󻷱סͬһһ, ڻļ, ѹлл
һ㶣ͷͩĶͷ, ۾ŹӸʶ̻Ի͵ĹصΨһʲôҶ֧֡Ľ޷ǾĸһһȪ·ѡ
ͩһᣬ۾
*
ҵƣϣһ, дʡ
Ŵŷ, еիڷ, Ȼ󾲾վз飬۾, ĳһݡ
״ǰȥ֪յˡ
תϰһֹңһƬ֮ɫ, ʵǡɻˣ
ͷ, صǣ»ˡֻҪĵ», ضŷ׼Եֹ, ƽ
ɴʱ뿪߹ȥ, ǰһڼ
Ц˵ڹ˵Ҫڹ꣬һֱԪڲųأѾڶĻסˣ¾뻭ݽסĵطȥ빬͢ʦд輼գҲȥ
Ĭÿӣһ鶹
Ȼʲô˵ˣڹ˵ºǴһʲôñرϲԲڹġ
һ̧һۺ򣬳˼Ƭ̣¿ӣתȥ鷿ӿⷿװᣬݸ򣬡Ұ⼸͸ɡ˵ڹȤʱġ
ʶ֣ӹֻдš¼¡ûжⱾ飬֪дʲôӹڻū͸͹ȥ
˵պҪţס⺢ӣôôëꣿһֱ˯ϰߣ׼Ϣʱҵ˯͹ȥա
ͷǣòҶˡǵ
ߵǰŴǰǿԺﳤ˶ʮĺϻʢģ
*
򼸺ǲͩ˯ѵʱĻ
ͩѣһյ裬ȱ߿Ժŵ÷ԶԶؿ򣬱еĲյݸߵīȾЦضźķ
򿴼ͩȼͩ˶ΣЦʵùÿ硣
бż飬ص֪ū»ݣū͹ŵˡ
ͩһʪ°ʵùбŵ飬Ǹҵģ
˫ַϣǣ˵ڹȣͼ·
ֽͩӹɨһۣһº͵Ц⣺Ǿùллĸĺ⡣
ǣѾһݣҵ벻ˣūȻȥˡ
ͩͷùߡ
뿪ͩŻص⼸չüͷ
īȾѲյϣ˰βŵ¼¡ūǵ⼸ὲǰʢ֮ԼʱһЩϰߡǵСͶġ
ţʦСǶ顣ͩӦţ۾һֱϡ
īȾֵǲ֪𣿡
ͩҡͷȻ֪ġ
֪͸¶īȾ⡣
ʵīȾ⣬ͩҲ⡣
۹еĻӣٵʱںĹѧ̵̫еĻ߼һīȾСһ𳤴̴Ӽ
СߣĹһʵڽô᲻֪۹лӶѧǰʢ
ЩĺִѧʿһֽɣﾫǷḻ⾳ʮˡ
ķ˴ʢⲻ㡣
һΪԱĻԻʢľ󣬹հ
Ϊ˴бĻԼһЩ˵ĹԱĻĴС
СС
ĪĸЩᣬΪˣ
뵽ͩǰһۣ͢ݼ߶ȥ
*
鷿ڣ۽صȴţȻűʣû±ʣһֱ̲סؿ⡣
˽ֻǰͼñⶫ۵Ľ£ѾڻˡūѾȥʹˣвʵĵطūŻȻɫһһȴûרŵС֪µķʳǷŷߣ
ǰͩġ̩񰲡Ȿᶫ۽˲ȥ˲٣Ƭ̵ŷ̫Զˣ찲ÿȥĸ밲ʱãûȥûɺú˵ĸӴһлһա
ͷǣūҲôģػҲǸˡūȥ
˵ű׼ȥߵſڣͿǰﱡһ˷͵Ľ
ﱡ죬ȭһ񣺡޴ࡣ
һﱡˣɨһﱡ̲ʹı飬Ŀ࣬Щ
пһ£æסﱡ֣½պƣһȥ㱨ʱעԴʡ
ﱡǰߣ֪ӣô˵ǱȻ鲻ãһȥʱٲҪһЩѵ⡣
ﱡͷл㡣
ȥ֮ͨﱡ̲ʹ鷿ۿЩأ㲻ɫ˳ȥֱ
鷿ڣ۶̲ʹдѾһ࣬ﱡü彣վһԡ
ã۲طۣʵԣʵ
ʹش𣺡ǣ΢߷˱ӪһЩʿصİաƺ£ûдԡ˾֪΢һȥĿԼˡ
ۿﱡﱡһµصͷʾʾʹû˵ѡ
ָպȥòյ˲ΪץѲյ۵һݺݵڵϣֹסطҲҿʹдֻƬ
ﱡɣڶԵҳϣǰһȭ£ﻹһ£Ҫ
ͷ
ﱡվֱӣصʹȥһ·ϣ˼δɱ书ǸǿҲδȫˡ
˵ﱡ䣬ֻС۴һ˺ֱۣѶ£ֲ
ﱡǰõһóýǰֻһǽ
Ϊʦ֣˽ԳԽһɱ
ﱡý·ġ
ò˵ﱡһЩΪԨԴ


53 
ս
ﱡʮʱ, 㱻һɱϰʣŵӡ֮ȻҲɱ, ڲɽн
ڲɽʱҲؽйﱡʦ֡
, ֪ǺԵֻڲɽѧҴɽû, ﱡӵһɸ봫飬ҲǱʦ, ɽȥˡ
һ꣬ﱡμǰѡΣ¼Ѿࡣ
ʱ򣬲ûмѾһ·򱱵顣
귽ʮﱡһ˿ƥеĽǧ佫ӱ, ѡгΪǰΨһһýˡ
ﱡڴɱ, ô˵㡣
һ, ȷʵ书ǿ
ڶȥɱܶࡣ
˽ڱͱ, ѵʿ黹ǰﱡ̲ʹǰȥ˼ѵصĴ̿͡
Ϊλһٶǰ̲ʹıУ
ϧɱˣ
һ׮׮һʵͼıʵ
˼˴ŭ, һŭ֮°ϵȫȥ, žһء
ʹͷ͵øˣﱡҲ, ٶ໰
ﱡȥɽѧ, Ӧ֪, ȴյΪʹˡ
ʵ˼ġ鵽ͬһʦŵģеʦڡȥᾡܵҵһı޹ص֤ݡ
ǣ鼫óĽСһʽǰʱﱡҲʵһ£һݵʧ񣬵ǰһ
ǽʱ½֮˾Ȼ飬ûмն
һ˲䣬ﱡҲΪɱ̲ʹˣԼ˽Ĵ̿͡
ﱡ֪Ҫôȥ⡣
º֪˵ɽѧյǸСŰǾǶ顣ڲɽʱ򣬴Ӳ׽Ȼʦֵܵ壬ȴδ˵һ仰
鵽һʲôӣﱡҲ
ɣܹһѧദꡣ
ǸСŰ¶˷ϳɣ˼ȣûһ˵ģô³çˡ
ⱱͱıһ£Σһ˼ڳϵ˶ó
ﱡ˶Ҫ⣬ɽ֤ǰαܽΣ
ﱡ̧ʱˣɨһصԼ۵ı飬æǰ£ˡǲ㣬ūõ¸
֣ɽ
찵һ˳ȥ
ͩ첽˽ǿ˿ڵϵʹֿ˿ǰﱡɨһۣȻվʹߣ΢΢Ƿݼ£ʱʥͷ񡭡
ûлشֻǰֱߵۣȥ۸պûͩĽűߣ㿴ɡ
ͩЩɣûȥֻǻصҴ£̫ӵ²ꡭ
۲ͷغ㿴Ϳ
ǡ
ͩ׼ȥۣϸϸţԽüĸ
̲סˣȻۺϣŻ˶۵ϣˡ
˵˵աۿͩ
ͩƬʵ˵ʲô
˽ͱıһ£Щ֤֣ú磿ʵ
ͩص£رѾټ̫ӵ׸سֹˣӦ˾ϵġ
Ͼǹ̲ʹȥ˽²ıһ¡̫ӡ̫ʦڳʾͬɳȥ̲ʹǰα˴ɱˡһֱŶӸ˵һֱ˽ͱı
һ֤ݣָͼı
ͩһǱ¿گ飬ٻɣͣ
ָָͩűߵۣͩÿۼֻϾߴ̫౨˽뿪Ӫ
ͩҲ
ǰбʷϱ˽ļоӣȻڱᣬⲻսʱڣ϶귨ȡ
жɳȥ̲ʹǰɱڱ˽ʿ˽еľֵһУѵ
ʿ̲ʹӦеİǧʿаȺʿôҪһʿһЩ
ҪǣЩ߳òûˣҲ˵ЩĽͣԼġ
ʿǷӦ˽еľǰʱ뿪ٶȼ죬û֪Щδ
ٵ֮ҲЩĹؼ¼
Ͼ̫೯͢ûнӵگ˽뿪Ӫ
ȥ룬˽ͱͼı֤
ʧʧһĿʼ
ָͩĦ䣬شĦЩ飬ܾЩԵĵط
ͩҲĬ֪Щ֤˭޷Ʒ
ɣôأ
ǰʱݱڱ岿䣬ϾǳأôתۼͬЩʧھӪͼıأ
м䵽׳ʲôӣ
۵ͷʹޱȣЩӣϵȥЩµǰôҲ۲һͷ
ͩ۾¹һЩֻ֤Ƭ۾һ˿䡣
ߵﱡ̲ʹ˵ȥա
̲ʹ˳ȥﱡü˼Ƭ̣Ǳȭһ΢ˡ
鷿ͩ붫ˡ
ͩҲżȰѵϵۼ¶ѺãȻҪ۷ڶǰ漴ѹʵҪδ£
ۿαЩǵ۾Ŵ֮ϵĸ߸ߵ֤ǰδ£ѡ𣿡
ͩ˻ȥվǰʵеġ
ۻֱӣͩ˵
ͩ΢΢һ񣺡֪Сϲɣʱ˿Щ֤ҲţôԽɷ죬ʱһбˡ
΢Уζؿͩôģ
ͩͷ¼Ȼ޿ɱ磬ǾӦ˾󣬲Եñûκƫ˽ǱҲκԹԡǶδδ𢰲°
ͩͩҲؿŶۡ
˷·һʱնԻ
ǧµĴ֮ص䡣
죡ۺȻ
Сܽڶࡣ
۰۵ݸ˵ա֮󣬰ЩʡҪ˾̫ӼҼǿΧصİ߽ԪһɣʱעڵİѲߡ
Щ㵵̧ͷһŽӹۣūּ


54 
ϲ
, ȻüչͩЦһ¼Ȼ˾Ϊλüչ
̾һ¶֪ôǶǴ
ͩȥķ, ꣬ѧĶѧ, ¾ѧ̫, ٻʱø׹Ŀ࿴ա
Ը˰աεҡҡͷҪվ
ͩǰȥ, ੲݣҲЩˣȥ߰ɡϾ͵£ĸѹõǺÿһ·ܾꡣҪֶˡ
⻰Щͩﷺ, סͩ, Լ˵, á
ڸϥǰТҲûϲ
ͩ, ߵС̣멣ͩԸϣ˱鷿, ȥڵ꾰ˡ
*
, ̫Ѿһʱõ˶Ҫպ˾ıһ
ò˼顣
һɿϲһɲһĽ֯, Ƭ֮۽һЩʪ
鷿ⲽ, ֲֽͣز
͵פͷѹǰС̣㵱ˣ˵ģ
Сͷ̫ӵµĻ, ȷ˵ġһʼʹѾȥ趨ʰʰʱ򣬱¿ۣ²ϣѵһٲſġ
ǸˡüһʣȻأ
ǃ̻ش𣺡Ȼ½½ɷ죬Ȱ˱£˾ġʱô˵ģ¼Ȼ޿ɱ磬ǾӦ˾󣬲Եñûκƫ˽ǱҲκԹԡǶδδ𢰲°Ժگ˴ഫּ⡣
ϲüң֣ȥҶܹһЩǮգԺֻҪұز㡣
С̿˸ͷҴҵ˳ȥ˳ȥʱ򿴼˹ѩæ˸ӡ
ѩ΢΢ף֣ΪС̫ĺܡ
һ̸㣬鷿ѵ¶Цݣճȥڹ٣һף¿ʶ
΢΢һЦһڹ٣˱µݲȥˡ
ѩüҶ֪ڹڶߵˣǸʲôϢ˸ˡ
ȻһЦºͣķĿģüë΢΢
ѩ֪˵飬ֻһֱĵ˳⡣
ѩҲ֪һУ˸ͷʲô˵ˣ
תãһѩеĸ㣬ι²¡
ѩδ㣬Щܳӹ㣬ССҧһڣ˲ŵΪ»ˣһѪ񣿡
ЦҲǣĵܻȷǳ١
ѩԣЩ꣬ȻûжԼֵܸϾɱҲ㲻ơ
ڹѩӡ֮ͩûãͱԶ֮ءûҲòȻ
һˣδἰҵ顣
ڹѩͩһ֮ˡٸżͩеϵ
ͩһӣȻ᲻ǰӵĻദһùѩ벻ס
ѩѣ£ǰޣ½ʮ壬δңɼ檾á
ԹԵشϹѩĻˣҪŮҪĴһġ޹ңôҲӦ÷ˡϾֻлţʸ˼
ѩ͸ʧճΪ̫ӵʱ򣬻һСҷԴˡǰʱ䣬Ȼư
ĸ׹̫ʦЩ껹ʱʱݷãϤһûôš
ıʿǰʱݼ̫ӣҲ̸òɢ
һвıԵˣκٻ󣬸ԸһԸɼ븨
֮Ը֮ԽȰˡ
ԼŮʱΨһ밮ĽˣѩһһԨ֪죬Ҳ˲ˡ
£ѩü檾Щʱǲ̫԰Щƣذܡ
۵һѩжŵĵ̱һɨڵأŴڵϹ˺üȦ
Ƶӹع˺ԶײŲšһ
˲ܲ˵̧סѩ°ͣİ۾ȼŭú޺޵һһ˵⼸ҹ£òЩҸ˵ϢͲܲɨҵˣ
ѩ۾ԽĴˣ˿ηػصΪ̫иȰ̫֮𣬳檲ܸȴ̿Լķһ·ԹŴλ֮һʱãܵһǺʷ֮УжǾʵб\\¼ҳ󱻸Ϊ۹ǧˡ¾㲻ǰ֮ҲҪԼ֮¡

ŭ˦־Ͱѹѩ˳ȥ־ȥƫƫѩعӣһη֮ɫض
ؿڲϵۿŹѩ°ѾϣžԼŶ˹ֵ顣
ȻЩڳѸ󣬿ƹܹԱõǮƵĻʼնˡ
̫ʦǸϺȻǹپһƷְʵץ󲿣ǣʵ޷ΪΪ
ѩޱʧ
һƵûȥ
ҪȥһѩǹѩȴǺһ˸ӣȻͷ鷿
ѩųţ深ЦʩʩȻ˽
ߣḧؿڣеĽ˵ӽΪСӲֵ̫ǵֻܷǡ
ץ混ؿڼ䲻ֵ֣ݺ˦̫ҵޣӣһū۵ģ
淾ֵæ檲֪ء
û뵽̫ƽ谮мӣȻﰵߴ˲̫޵µ磬һЦ֮Ҳ˵Щʲô
ôվȻΪһ̫ͷ֮ŭ
ˣȥʮȥݣΪ˶ȥ
ôҲû뵽飬ȻΪ˵һ䣬ͰΪˣʮȥλڣ
ʹ󣬱סĽţధ󣺡£ū֪ˣ֪ˣҲˡūɣūɡ
һţؿڣ漴߷ڵء
ǰ˳ȥ淴ȴûһ˸˵һ仰
֮飬ô׵սˡ
л˵
С꣨23~ܿҪ~~


55 

ѩһƬ֮ɫ, ؿžеԼɵؾúЦ
ʲôʱʼ˲ģļΪһ˿޵̫, ľ󹧾Ķȥ
ҲǴŮ԰㽼ͻͶҲǴŶİĽ˺ơ
һ¶, Ȼ˾
ѩк, ٻһľ
һαϻ䣬̫, ֱųһĨˮ
֦Ѭõ·ѩͭǰɾ֣ǰȥʵСôĵػˣ
ѩһ֦ȥ, ѩ°һƬ, ŵð·ů, ϸϸţֻѩ, һ޿ı飬Ͳµ˹ѩΪλˡ
̫ӵ´ģ֦ü̫ӵȻϲŭ޳ɴûдС㰡
ѩ˲ӵ, ֧֧᣺ǡԼСġ
ôᣡСҪ, ӡӿȥİǳϦˣϦ, Сȥðּ֦, ѩûʲô˵˼, ֻԹԵļ˵ô˵ūȥҽԺҪЩҩ࣬ĨŰգܲܵȥһЩ÷ȥһЩ
ѩͷ
֦æȥҽԺûһЩƿƿ޹ޣѩϸͿϡ
֦ѩ鲻ãΪȤĻ˵ѩС㣬Ҹճȥʱ򣬿深·ˣѪһϢϳ˶Ϊˡ˵ΪС㲻Է˴ŭ
ǡѩЦһ
֦ûѩԳһЦĺ壬˵ڵ¶ߴ磬˵H֮ƫƫý޵رϲûа취ǵԼʹģ˵ﻹǿġ
ѩ۾ǲǿңǹ˼ɵȨơȥҵ״˽ΪԲŻһҲԸ淿
ѩס֦֣һ֦̾ôϲ淣ҲΪȨ˲Ͱˡ˵˵гһյȨƣ˶ֻ£ҵ³淺öٰա
֦üС㣬Ϊλ̫ӵ¡̫ӵһܺãҲͷϣֽûЩҪ̫ˡ¿Ϊ淣ٻ˵ںѽ
ѩҡҡͷԹԵվŴȥУûаôһϲȨǰҲԥοһϲûе̫֦ˣҪκҡ̫ӡ
*
ѩһ˯òμ̫ӳΪӣһֱţ޷Ǹʹξ߳
îʱչʲŸոǰףѩشˡ
齱ֵص֦ѩˣæȥѩһ󺹣æӰͷĺˮȥ٣Ȼϸȥ˿ѩĵ°ͣСһ˯ãŶûáҩȷʵãѾ˲ˣȻ÷ӦþͿˡ¸ö˰ɣūȥţź
ѩûֻ֦ĬϣҴҵȥţˮ˻źѩϴ
֪Ϊʲôһҹ֦ùѩ紺ͿܵĻһ㣬ӵ飬ɲūĶһ졣ֻܾūı֣ùѩһЩ
ţѵĳӲŻ𣬹ѩ֦߳һ˳ȥߣҾˡ
֦һҲΥֻܴ¸һĴ멣ѩϡ¯װ˿̼Сصݸ˹ѩȰС㣬ǶҪ뿪ЩЩʱջʺ·ӣ˺󹬵Ļ趨ʡСȻȥʺ밲ǽ֮ҹʱͿʼˣﷳƳȥҲҪŵʱõϺϹҹ硣
ѩһԲ԰ȥ
Ķձ궼ҪһЩȴδѩ꣬ҲЩζ
ѩͷŽµʯ壬̵ۡԼż̴ζ̧ͷһȻ֪ߵ˳ҵ
֦ѩڳҵſͣС㣬á
ѩʹûмǰߣڳҵǰõľ
ɶðʳӳҵѩʱ΢΢һ㶣ȻǰǳϣԶԶļλŮˣʩ񣺡̫
ѩ΢΢ͷĿ͸򣬺Ҫ̽ҵһ㣬ôš
״Цʵ̫ǲȥһիɡ
֦æҪѩ˻ȥ˭֪ûгڣѩ΢΢һЦá
һ֦ŵòᣬҪ˵ЩʲôȴѾѩѾ̤˳ҵš
ǰ·ѩڳҵƷʢȴ˥ܵͥԺ˵ĺϻвɵһ˿
ѩδʱ򣬾λں󹬹Ⱥ
ֻǰǰǳʣԵһ档
֪Ϊʲôĵطλ
ѩܾԼһЩִԼΪǹ졣Ȼŵ԰̴ζеȻ滺˲٣ʹҪ
֦СظڹѩһȰѩضǹѩҲκ˵Ļᡣ
ֻ֦ĬĬظڹѩ󣬾䡣
лի̣볤ҵӣ̫ǰݷá
ѩڵſڵȺţֻ洫һ͵ա
ֶ̳ʩһ񣺡ȥūȥһеĶһյ
ѩͷ֦ȥùá
֦üͷ΢ֻǷǡ
ȥѩŻϳҵʯ̨ף̴ת䡣
ֻҵȻʰһõӣڷŷϵ򣬹ʵĹϹ¯ﻺƮ
Űɫ֮ϣǰֹһ飬һһĬʲô
ҵĬ
ѩ߹ȥһյţҲ棬ߵ
Χ˵Ķûſ۾ȥߵˡ
߶һ޹ϵһ㡣
ξıϣŻſ۾תͷȥߵˡ
ߵˣ
ǳǰĻ̫ӵľ֡
Ů˴һʼͼ޸һǸӡ
ŹѩȻᣬ˫Ͻᡣ
ѩ֪ڿѾѧģ˫ֱպϣ۾ĿһƬ
ѩӣ˰ǰԼ
Ȼһװǧ谮ݡ
棬Ȼ֮΢һꡣ
ң
Ůӣﵽʲôʲôأ
ӳų⣬ɢͲӻƣӳϣǺعһĨԳЦ⣬ΪʲôԼŮĴϧ
Լӵ˵ޣǲܺġ
ͷ˿Լһꡢʹ͵Ѫ觴ɵķ飬Ȼ
ǰԼҲͬѩһ㻳Ů룬ԼĴ֪
ôˣûģӦҪ˰ա


56 

, ѩſ۾
ǰɢŽӹâķ񣬴üĿŮˣ۹
ѩȥ, ֹס𾪡
ѾʮŮӣ䷢Ϊ, ľҲ޷һɫڸǡ֮, һֳھǡ
ְ׵ĳ֮޷˵
ǵ޹ڶ, ǧ谮һŮӣ
ѹ֮ʱ֮ڵŮĽ
޷µҲĹǽ֮ڰ
֪Ϊʲô㣬ѩᣬԽˡ
û˵һ仰һ֮, ͸, ̽Լ롣
Լһʱ֮, ѩ񣺡ͻȥˣﱣء
Ȼûпͷ, ߡ
ѩ뿪˳ҵ
ض·ϣѩеĽꡢŭʾȻһЩƽϢǧ쳾Ҳûôѡ
ĵ׻һԼġ
һʱ, , Ҳ顣
ǲܰǱ
Ϊ޸ԼĽ, ĽҲķʽڰ, ٵʱ, 㡣
ĻۣȻˣˡ
һ
ı䡣
ѩӳҵʱѾüӲ
֦ڹѩȴͼһ㣬ʵ̲ˣǰڹѩѹ˵С£̫СˣһҪǱ̫ӵߵЩ֪Ҫڵǰ¡
ѩȻһЦ֦ڷ˰Σʱ䷢飬һ¡ҵģȥҵģȻٶ࣬ҲҵġѾǰôõôΪȥһ˳ҵҷаհҹȫӳ޳ҲΪһģ˽һֱϲ淡
֦üź˶ʮǸĿС㡣
֦ȥ̫˵ҲˡܲμϵĺϹҹ硣ѩȻؿɪж䡣
ӴԺһֱȥ
ѩȻƽ￴ǳ˵ֻҪἰ飬ƾ˸ı䡣
ǴϲȥϹҹ磬Ȱ졣
֦ͷǣūȥ̫ӵ¡
*
鷿֮ڣ֦ͷظһѩ˼΢΢ȴһ֮ɫ̫ˣҽ𣿡
֦ͷصصµĻҽԺҽˡ˵СЩʱҹ£ͷĿѣŸ˷ȵļ󡭡ѾҩϢˡϹҹǲȥˡ
ҹ¡ͷĿѣȥ
׼ȥѩ˭֪֦͵ع££С˵Ϣκˡ
ʱŭüң֦Ҳ֪æͷĵء
󼸺Ҫ̧ȥ֦й۾˼ε׻ס˳嶯
һ˦Źѩ޵ȥ
̤ѩ޵ŵһҩĿζŭȥ˴룬֦û˵ѡ
ߵѩĴǰѩɫ쳣ĺѩĶͷȷʵȵ¶ȡ
ôö˶˵ģᷢȣʹѩ
ѩشֻתӱ
֪̾һȰҲãȲţͲҪˣᣬõ̫
ѩüȻӦ
ѩѹס˱ǣ֪һϲҹ磬ҪЦ̫ãӦֿ̫࣬죬һֱϲʳûа취ȥȡĲȥǱ㲻ȥ˰ա
߶߶˵Źѩе뷨ѩֹסز
ʲôʲô֪Įġ
ÿÿ󴥼ĵ̲סҪȥ۾һιѩҪתȥȴӲסˡ
ǵģ֪ϲ񣬵Ҫʱ¶˵ı顣յյûʲôͬ
ΪһЩСԱһ
һֱ
ѩ³˳ŬԼټԨϴûһѡ
ѩٷӣȣԼҩЧˣ˯ˡ
Ҳ˵ʲôվ뿪ˡ
֦ԺţŻصźϡ
ת֮ϣֻѩѾС㣬ų˷ȵҩȾû£Ϣһա
ѩҡͷ޷
֦üūףСﵽЩʲô̫ЩȻЩϲŭ޳ǶСǺõġǺοĥԼĲϯϹҹ磬ֱӸ̫ӵ£Ҳͬġ
֦㲻ᶮġѩƺ֦ٶһڻǻԼһԸõ³һ㣬³
ѩüͷһȻһɾʹ
³
ѩ뵽һ֦СһֱߵŮ֦͹ʻ꼶ߣ벻硭
֦ûʣС㣬ҪߣҲˣ뿪֦Сʮ꣬С֦Ǯչ˲صĸףС֦˸ĸС˵ܵӪõܵȢޡСǵĴ£Ըһ𣡵СһʱͶүŵúչģƣ֦֪ǲϲ̫ӵ˵ҲˡֻС㲻ҪߡˣС͸ûһ֪ĵ˿˵ˣ֦ȻһЩȴһ㡣֦ǲС̫ӵ̫֮ᡭ
ѩû˵֦꣬ž˵һͨǸжǳŵҼͣڶѧ˵Ĺضˡ
֦⻰ùѩһ
Щ֦δģβ֪
֮УĹ˵Сĵȫ
̫ߵ淼ߵŮκγͻ
ܶΣѩ֦ģƼ
ѩ֦رס֦һﲻɡˣ£ұΪıز㲻ա
֦Ȼ׹ѩ仰˼ȴ֪ѩûаˡ
Ȼͣɹϵȴ͸׽
ѩ֦æ·˹ãС㣬Ȼ÷ȵҩ˺Ϲҹ磬ͺϢɡū⼸ҹÿζüӡ
ѩҡҡͷĲϢϢõġȥߡ
˿²̫ðɡ֦ü
ѩЦǸľǰ¡Ҿȥ˿ڱ˵ЩʲôֻҪ漰棬취ġҸ꣬ûΪҲٹģڡҲôˡֻԼȥߣҹɫ
֦ͷƶǶ
һ׵ģ̫ڻʳλԽԽˡֻҪǶȥȡЩЩӴĹҶǼõĸ
ѩռ붫ʱ򣬹ķɲġ


57 
ֿ
ʱʱʹŷѾʼʱ֮ҹʳˡ
Ϧҹǹ﹬еϰס
ÿκϹ, Ķǻ壬극Ҫһԣﶼϰס
ŷʱ, ЩסǵĻ׾Ѿ빬گ飬ڹǰĻ԰վȺľһЩҳ̡
ϹҹЩͬ
֮϶λ, һ̫ӵĶ, һǰ̫ӵλ
λõˣѾòڹ֮, κȻ֣˺һۣԼ롣
ͩŴӻݳȾһīѣ˶۹ŻݡһɫԣŽ߱֯ɫĺؽ
ר, ˵Ƿ˿͡
ֽɫûж۾Ļɫ, ԶԶؿȥȴҲޱȵĳ
ɫĽ, ֻڵ۹ش֮ϣ۹λǲſԴ·
ʾ
ͩʱ, Ŵ԰ܽʡһЩʱ䡣
ͷƹһ̺ľջûֻý°ʲô, һ, 漴ߴһϡ
ͩҪıɱ!
ͩʶסǰˣǰѾ̽˳ȥ, ǰһƬɫˮء
ǰ, ŵͩɫ԰, æ˹ȥһֻסǰ˵˻֮ɫʮ塭ʵǶԲס飬ûע¡
ͩΪʮˣζ۵ʮܡȵСһӣֿ
ֿͩȵģֻúЦȤ㻹Ҫллҵסȥ·Ȼɾ͵ˮˡ
ֿͩЦֵӣɵûһЦûмС壬ƢԻһ㶼ûб䡣
ԼǴСڻʳԵʣֿ˼ֻǹеǷݿ̰壬Що֮ϸү֮ɫ
ΣÿƤܻŻĹ
Ȼйֿķ£ǱᣬǼ궼дꡣ
ֿһīɫɴ޹ص԰ˮرߣĸɢһӣˮһᡣ
ֿ⣬һ㶼Ҫȥμʢӡ
С⸱ģҲδʮӦߵù֡
ͩСڻʳǣϹϾһ񣺡ֶʮ壬л֮
⻰˵һľֿʲôѣд뵱лĳϿӡ
ֿüͷ΢һãôô겻ѧɻûиı
ڶֶУͩϹŰӡ
ͩһЦȻʮǻ壬ͬһҸСꡭ
ֿһͩʼͣס֪ұ㲻ˣϺһ㣬ô䡣
ֿ֪ͩӣЦ⣺ȣǺЩˣ겻Բˡ
ֿݺݵصһۣĺĺ
ͩΪһֿ˵Ļ⣬û뵽ȴͱѣͷһź֮ɫΪйҽѦϡȻһЩҲû徭Ρ
֪ͩҪôⳡԲԽ˵ԽԶ
ֿסЦ⣬ұ㲻׷
ͩæ߹ȥ£ֿǳͩıΣһؾջ֮˹
˰ͣͩǰͩСذֿϣسһ
ֿߵһ̺Ӹֿϣֵһů¯ֿһ֣˱˳ʮɣֻԶԶؿš
ͩһ⡣
ֿüҵ£ȥ硣
ͩЦãŶʮӣͬһӵĺͯһ㣬òȻǻ壬ȴȫһӡ
ͩεҡҡͷתֿڶʯϣʮôμӹ磿Ҽǵֵĳϡ
ֿ΢΢Ŀͩ⻰ԭⲻ͸㣬ôĿŵػ治Ū㣿˳Ū㵣ĵǸˣ㷽ӣ뻹ûɣ
ͩ죬ؿһ֪Ҫôȡ
仰ʹľֻֿ˵ˡֻҪһۣ̽е
ΪֿҲǾ֮ˣԸͬܡ
ֿ˰첻ͩػЦôȻһڵĴʵ֪ôشˣ
ͩǰˣкȻӿɻ޷
ͩǵֿʮһϵĽǣѿһֱΡ
ССԼĸۡԺԾ˻ʳǣסϽһƫƧȴûʵլԺ
ҲһǵĸףҲͩĻүү彥֮һӣڳ֮ΧĻ⣬ֿһˤսˡ
ʵôһȳӣⲻʧջ棿
һǬֿˤ֮󣬳̫ӡ
ûӦļ̳˴ͳ
ֿһˤˤ̫֮λһֱڳ贫вı˵ġ
ζ֮Ȼϴ˵ֿ˵ˣȴֿĺá
ȵ۶ĳ谮һ㣬ʲôģóԵĶͷһݸȥ
ڸˣֵܹϵֿǳˤ̫֮λûκιϵ
ٵʱͩҲЩԷǿŸ׶ֿĺãԸĸ׵ĵܵܡ
ʵϣͩЩֱ岮Ҳȷʵĺ⣬ԼķأֵعԼСӣ֡
ֻȵ۵ճĻӣֻֿһΪȼȵ۵۰Ļʵֳһѵܹĳ
ʮȥˣͩѾһɳΪһصжⳡ֮˼֮࣬ʹʧԼǰ˺С˵£ֿ֪һˤûпȥô򵥡
ʮ壬ͩһŬԼĻƽôˣûк޹𣿵үү㵱̫ӣ̳дͳġ
ֿû뵽ͩȻֱ׵ʳеɻ󣬸ղʱײϣҲ°ɣ
ʱȻô죬ͩ뿪Ѿˡ
ҲѾһͯһ绪׿Խӡ
ʱָţǾȻҲҪԼǰˡ
ͩѰ
ⳡֵĶ֮սУҪһܱȥҪһȻ෴·
Ķ֮Ǿһ
һҲҪһݡ


58 
ġ
ǱȻİɣ
µһ㶼ûҪ̫ӵ˼, ĸߵҲ̫֮λ
ЩˣʵΪԼıһ档
ͩվŵǻǽ, ҵİ˥
ͩͬԼһ㣬޷ѡ
ֿĬ, ¶ǹеЦ鶼ȥô, ڴѶҵ, ⣬ˤȡ
壬ľǳ⣬ֻǵ⣿ͩעֿ
ֿЩֽԣκ, Ϊ޷֤ʵ, ȴ޷ҽκԼ, Żˡ
ֿͩһֱԵ鹢ڻڿһںӡ
ֿסЦôһʵ, ҲҪҪһʵ
ͩͣ½ŲߵֿǰҴ봢λ֮ҲһʮҵĺͯǶӵ޷ͷԨ壬Һʹࡣ
ͩĻЩ, ΢, ıߡ
ֿ̧ϸϸشϦͩݵĲ, һִžȻĪ˵ӡ
, ޷Բ˵
ͩΪ, ֿһֱ
Ƕ˽ԷƷԣԲŻͩ
ãֿȻһЦʱҲҲˡҪȻͶԶԶģЩȥͷøǣڱҹҹϸ裬˴һҪȻͬһ㣬һֵֻҲǹӲдػšޣڡڻʼң͵ĮЩʤΪĵطҪͬʩᡣǴСѧ飬ҲСӦѧ顣
ͩѵõǰ¶֮ɫһʹŤûеڶ·𣿡
ֿЦͩʳ仰ͱѾ˾㣬ֻҪһ϶еĴ𰸶ѡݹʷ飬ʤΡΪΪߣҪȡΡͬҵֳı¡
ͩ΢΢һ𣬿ֿ
ֳֿͳ֮£һʢ󡣾Ҳܱ֤ıȵ¸áҵЩøǿһֱలµĴ˵ףлϿɱµİɡ
ϿɵġԼ̳ɽ˵˭ֿ֣ͩĿڣԻд𰸡
ҡϿɵġ𣿡ͩ
ֿͩ䲻֣һͩĴϣٲߣǿҪٵˣ
һƴòᣬֱӰͩ˲١
塭
ͩ˵ʲôֱֿӴĻһӶ벻ײβ͸飬һյĹףȥƾֱԼڡϽģȥ磡ǳٵ˷ƣҺȣ
ֿͩ룬ߴȥ硣
ǵģͩд𰸣֪ӱһ۳ʼڲ߲ݵظһᡶ̩񰲡
ȲҪ֮ǰһ⿴ƽһسˮûһԼһص
ֿ˵ûͩ˾ģ๡
ͩ̾һֿǰС
֮ϵֿ΢ȻȻ֣ץסԼȡ
ֿ΢º͵ֶӶľģɼǸ̫ӵȷʵЩİ
ʮǰǳ𡭡
ͩⷬʲô⣿
뵽ʲôԲŻＤĵõİ̺ۣ
Ȼڻˣƽ󣬶ʲôʡ͵ĵơ
ʳǳȥסȷѡٲ㹥ļơ
۹ԼǬͳ֮£пļĺƽʢ󣬻µȥǶϻɣ
ɡ
ֿͺȻһ˿֮ɫ΢΢ĿǰеĻֶ
塣ͩ䲻سֿ˼
ʲôֿص
꼶СˣΪλȢйﵹǲ٣ΪҲǷͽӦ֪ʷ̨Ѿдˡ˵ĵ޶ȣ̻֮С
ֿ˿عЦ˵£±ĵĪĻ°ɣһвȱԶ볯֮ˣΪŵЩҲ㲻ʲôļûмӵܣοңʷ̨Щ֪³ҵļ£
ұϾѾɹסͩ˵뱯ˡ
ֿڰֵҪ˵ˣһҲǺõġЩŮӺû˼ҿɿЩ֪ŮӡֿͷתͩüаʾûȤúܣ
ͩȻЩҹȻûЩ֮Ůӻĵı¶ࡣ
ҲΪ£ʷ̨ŸĲֿΪʼ֮ˣȴעʼ
۴ǿԺһߣᡣ
˵Ҳֿ֣ȻڶȴŮ֮ûǳӡ
ʦЩٸЩФӵΪ̻ǳ飬δңſֵżʡ
Щֿϴδֹ
ҲǶ۴ԼֿΪҪԭ
ֿ֪ͩȻΪһЩ
ֿСǳڻʳ֮ڵģĽġ
ΪȴԲ顣
ټЩ궫ͷ۵ëԽԽƵЩ£͸ֲȥˡ
ֿѾûгڻʳҲڳְΪȽŲ㣬ʱϻصйﾲ
ͩջܲ»δ֪
ֶѵþһֻܾļ¡
Ӧúܸ˰ɣ
ͩͷţĸͳʳŻðҸоӶࡣ
׻ĺҸ
ֿЩпԼĸȻȵ۳谮ʱ򣬹Źһûôȥˡ
ȵʹʧ԰еĳ谮תԼСĶϣ˺һĻ׵ۡ
ֿСԼĸûʲôӡڹҰиֳĳ谮ݣҲûôԼĸ顣
ҲǸпһ£Ľ
һͷǵȥ𣿡
ͩ΢΢һ㶣δ
ֿͩĿӲаˬЦתͷڻʳǹ꣬ȻûΪ㣬ϡ档
ͩĬʵҲûΪѣǸ֮̽ԣЩϥ󹧽˳ӡб֮Ϻ̫ӵ⣬̫ҲȵڻʳԼĸգ
ǰʱ˵ϾݣĹ͡Щ굽ǳ˲٣ҲǸֻĴͷˡֿЦš
ͩüֻ顣
ֿüǣıҲһһġٵʱҲûҡôѾҪˣ
ͩûнӻ
ֿҲûͩӣֻԹԵ˵Ǿһɱ֣ҵҪʲô°ȥ


59 
ŭ
˵, Ѿ˺Ϲҹ԰ſڡ
ڳ׹˵׶Զףвҵķ, Щڿϵֿεͩʱ򣬷׷
һǵµʮܡȵ׷, һǵĻӡ۹¡
, ݹء
ͩ΢΢׻ֿûκηӦԹԵع, źϹҹλǰ
ֿߵϣƶΣֿ֡
ϵһղŻЩӵĳ˲ð
ڳλĿ궼ںϹҹϵĵϵӡ
̫Ӽݵ
´ü˻԰İ
˷׷תſڣ̫ӵ򸣡
ͷڣڽɫ, ű۷, һ, 𡣡
ͩͩһ񣺡ݼ¡
ͩļ򣺡Ǽ, Լֵܣض񡣡
ͩͷ
ͿǸ֮ûһʮ壬Խֱֱͩǰȥ׷ֿߣʮ塣
ֿػͷ, Ƴ̴æת, ֿ΢΢̧ǹ޵Ц⣺ȽŲ, е, ̫ӵҲ黳޷գ
ЦЦȻ, µּ⣬ȻҲҪӵġ
ֿϴŵ̺ӣʵң
ڰ֣ⲻǼɫǾ񣬸˵ýĺϹҹĵʮ壬ܾ˵ʲôһ㡣
ֿü΢Ŷ̫ӵûһǰ˺Żͩ˵Լֵܲض㻹һϾ֡ⶫٻǲҲӦüŵǸ֮⡢˰飿
Ц𽥽Ӳڳ
˭Ҳû뵽ֿһμӺϹҹ磬͸̫һ˴
һֱһеʹ
ţӦճĶӳΪ̫ӣƫһ𶼱Ŀ
С˫ȫºͣƷֱǳϣǺ̫ӵĲѡ
þֶε̫ӣȴҲһֱɻǰ顣
ֿһͷ̫Ӵɣ̫ǲֿ
˶ֻǽסһ£ЦǰЦܵľǰʱջٸֻ֣ϾδȫƽѡĲǹҡ
ֿζؿһ󣺡¼űá
¼ݵ
һڳе˶ӭꡣ
Իʺһߵ֮ϣܣϵֿ΢΢ʾأֿ˿ߵ΢ƽ
ֿ̫࣬Ҳ࣬Ļ̫֮ͩ£ǸλΡ
ƽƱյ֮Щ֮廹Źصġ
ƹѲ̫´Ҫ͸£輧ҡ
ֻ̧ųƽһֽϱīֽ⣬ԼǰʣʼԹԵ
Χּ״׷תĽ࣬졣
ͩý۾ֽƺʲô֮ջĿ⣬һЦǰľƱһڡ
ĹѾһɽӡ
˰ѻ̧£ǳϰּӹˮĵط¹Ŀ
΢Уֻ̫Ľε̰Լӹڻĳɵһϲ͵̫䲻ó࣬ӹͼȴǻãǳã̩񰲣հӣǱ̫֮Ӷ콭̰ӣǰ\\֮£ԻΪ´ã˵ҳðհҵˣ
˷׷׸ͣ󹦼
ޣãͩĵܣ겻θµĺɲȥ
ͩվæȭܳ˵õó⣬ûʲô԰̨ġ̫ӵ˻ǹ֮ʯܵﲻǽѡ
һԵֿŻǣһְѻǶϣһƣ¶ǡ
󿴼ֿ𷽲飬оһ󲻿죬ǵЦҲ΢΢һ㻺˹
֮ͩǰѾʸ۵ġ̩񰲡Ļ˳⻭᲻ǷӦ̫ӵµ֮²͵ľ󡣳ⱾᣬҲ֮ʳԣǽ̫֮ӵ֮󹦼
Ŀڡ̩񰲡֮ϣҲòпͩ˼ɡ
ȻԶزƳɸԼרֶʢ
ǶͬͩڻʳҪԭգ
֮ͩɫܣֻЩ޹С£̫ӸһЦˡ
ͩ˵ɵһת˾ŸسȭĵܴԲӣô˵Լ֮޹С£
̧Χʱͣ˵ע̫ϡ
ǰкԺ׫¼¡ǰʢ֮硣Ҷвʢ֮ʣΪҶԼġ¼¡һҹĻɾͣ
תϵĶۣȴӦ
ü˵ȥ
˵⾭صΪʷ˽Ȿصķ飬ټڵ࣬Ϊġ¡׫Դ
׫¡۳˼Ƭ̧̣ͷǳ֮£ݹ볯ִ°ա
ǣصԼλϣͩ
ֻͩ¶֮̿ɫ磡⡭
ڰ֣ͷչȥͩߵһӦ£ҲҪƴǲźáĸӷ꣬ȻϣԺ׫֮£ȻЩÿҪҲȫڸĸǰТ˼ĵܣաϣһ֮պٵǴͳ̵ܹģҲֻЩֵˡ
磡ͩ΢죬һлӣǰľƱһܶл̫ӵ¡
ЩǳһЩ࣬ģһպ󲹳ġҲҪָźáһĳӡ
ͩǶһյƱһ
ΧǸ𣬵ϯϵļˣеĹѾûɬѶˡ
ڶֿЦһԹԵ̴ӣϯˡ
ѾϰʮܵƢԣҲ
*
̴ֿӽвãүһϲͳ֮£ô˶໰
ֿЦ˼Ҳòȥ
ˣüϸ£ǰһۡӿĬãЦŪһͷˮ
ֿȻ˵ҪμӺϹҹ磬Ҳǰѽֵһš
ֿѾòˣҪ˵μʲôʳϹҹּʽˡ
պ˵ҪμʲôᣬǶﲻ֪ʲô


60 
ż
ֿ, ˷ƺΪ˼ŭ̫ӡ
ûΪ˼⡣
ǳ⽭Ҳ̫ܵЩ, үҪ飬ĵ, ģ
Сֹⲻү벻þô̫ʲô, ҶүԵ, ֪պҪôĲأ
ֿϵů¯Ǵɲ˲ġЩȻƴ󣬵ûеһĵزҶңҶˣҶͩɻ顣ȻţͲἰͩ, ׫¡顣ʩͼƿȫ, £ͩͬԿ顣
ʵү, ꣬зɽıһϦ̫֮ӿľӪֻһ𣿡
ֿ⻰, ΢΢һЦǸˣһ˽ģûʮİգ㲻ȥ, ǱȻѾ˴㡣ҪЩġ
ֿͷ, ҹǿգЦ˼, һͰԼھһɱ, 㵽ǶԼжŲŸվһа֮ض֮ض𣿡
壡ͩӺ׷
ֿת, ʾ⽭¡
ãɫ£һվţһţӶ
ãֿͩһ񣺡лʮȫ
ֿĿŲ¹֮²԰׵ľջ֮ϣҲ֪ҳȫʲô
Ϊǰ̫֮ĹϵǸͩһ֪ǻĲҲֻ֪Ҫ˵Ǿ仰Ȼˬǳ֮Уɻ߲Ǹףж̫ӣʱ̫Ѿɹ񡣸ЩԻпǷһֱھֲ忴ġŭȻᷢй̫ϡ
̫Ӳʹ죬ֻסʹ˵˵Щܳ裬ġֿͩĻͷ˵ҿű¿Ǹ̩񰲡ûκξ֮ɫ֪Ĺˡµ˼һ֪һЩ¿ϰ¹꣬պҲѰ˸ͷ㳤̫ӡ
ͩһûз
ֿЦһ̫֪ĸ飬ҪЮס㣬۵£ж㡣㲻ҡΪСҲ˼ҪԲ˵Ǿ䡮޹𢡯Ļ̫ӣʵƾһֵ࣬Ϊ׫¡
ͩף֪С˼۾
ֿһЦҲףΪһ¾Ϳ뵽׫¡飬˳ذ
ͩһ壬Ҳźۼͼ͸¶ݵЩʦЩʦȥ̫ӵġʹ̫ӵߣҲһˡһعʱ̶˼ţֻҪ̫ӵ߸̫ӻڻ˵ЩȻͻ뵽׫¡¡
ֿ̧͸һߣҲڹ꣬ЩĶǵϷֻ಻٣һ˼ǱǰгֵֻܶΪζôһзмӣ̫ӵηϣ
ֻлȥ̫û޹ͩȻһЦȻعֵܶˣȥˣ
ֿüûлش
ͩдϲǺʱ飿
ֿԲش⣬ʾ⽭ߡ
ͩĵظֿ󣻡壬ЩǴн̫ķ緶˰ɣ
壬ûἰҡ
塭
ˣֿʵ̲ͩһȸһ룬ȵļǵô࣬ˡǺܿҪ𣿵Լȥ
ֿȻףɭȻܻţ
ͩͫˣ֮˾󣬲ĵһŹء
һΣڹˡ
ֿͲԸѾ꣬Ҳûɼͣ㲻ͩԼȥˡ
ͩĿֿ뿪׻һݣл塣
ͩߵīȾԶǰ˵ԭǼᡶ¼¡Ϊѵ¿ɡ
ͩת䣬ͷصǡ
ô֪룿īȾü
ͩ£Ĭ
īȾͷʵǻغϹҹ绹ǻػ
ͩܣԶϹҹԥתҹȥ
*
ҹɫīĻϣȾޱ޼ʵīɫҹĻ֮еǳ˸΢Ĺ⡣
¹µĻʳǳֳһƬ֮ɫ֮ƮµѩŽྻ
ͩڹ֮ϣЩԶ뷱ĳͷɵññԭһֱ
ô뷱ֻ֣ھס
ͩͣס˽ŲĿ˳ϲſڣֻһӰݵŮӣͷ
īȾɻ󣺡Ů˭ôôүҪȥ𣿡
ͩ˸Ƕ˼ŮװƷɴͩ˼Ƭ̵̫
īȾɴ۾үô֪û̫
ͩ͵ܴ빱ƷɴˣļλŮӡպϹҹЩŮӶλУֻ̫ûгϯӦ
̫ĹſڣҪʲôīȾתͩȻүͻʱɡ
ͩҡͷЦǲȥԺ¾ûôõĻˡ
īȾǵؿѩ̫ǲǲ̫á
ͩҿĲáԻʺԻʺȻΪʺ󣬵δ䷢֮ǰʺ֮λͬ衣˷ҲȥԻʺԹѾãʱ̫ȥϹҹҵ˿ȥǹ̫ͷۼϵġ
īȾƶǶ
ͩǹ̫ʦŮʱ̫ԻʺҲԼԼ£ȥȥҵ˵ȥġңʱ㲻úȤ𣿡
˵ͩ˹ȥտĹǰԼл
ѩתͷȥ˵ķֻݣȴһӣһ׹뷲䡣
һϿǸһ֮ɫһ㣬̲סжķ
ѩһ΢һ£ʱ˿ܳڻʹеĻӣֻŹ鳯Ļ˰ɡ
ͩǷ񣺡̫¡
ѩǡ
ǡͩתҵſڣ̫ûȥϹҹ磬Ƿףҹ֮˿̫ӵ»ͷʹ졣
ѩЦתȥҵҲ£ͷͲʹ𣿡
ͩû뵽ѩ˾֮ֻһԺЦ̫һ֮ˡ
ûԹҲסѩص
ͩͷҲ׷ֻȻˣͬһȥһյ߰ɡùӦҲ鷳
ѩҡͷˣȻҸ
ͩǹͬâһЦ⣺̫
Ŀ͹ѩ뿪ͩͷųҵãƿš


61 
ĸӡ
볤ϲ, ӳľԺǸ߹ĺϻͩǿźϻ˳˼õӻĺۼ
ͩ۾˲ǻ, 
īȾȥʵ²߻ĺۼ
ͩ޳ָ΢΢, һ±˻, ش𣬿ķ
һӵ˳
ͩ״æǰȥùá
򿴼ͩһ, ЩͣôǺϹҹ磿
ͩûлشĿںеһ룬ȥùţʵĸںҩ
ͷЩʧߵëһֱںҩš
ͩüһȥ
ףĿͩȥīȾȥˮһɣ
īȾ˿, ͷ, źȥˡ
ͩת, ߹ԶžĻȣż, ·Խõʱ⣬һɫװȻǰ
۾֮ϣй, дʡͩüͷ΢, վ΢΢, ǰһ
΢еһ, ·⳾ʥķ, ڷ֮¡
үΪβȥѾ˺յ裬ͩ
ѯʣ۾ͷ˴ڳҵſڵͩ˲˫е䡣
ͩ˷ӦʶÿۣϥǺݺݵؿڵϣߵ¡
ͩīȾûŪʲôͱˡ
ϣ֮ϣòų߽ЩҺúÿ
ͩæվ߹ȥڱϵţ΢졣
ݵȻĸ첲򣬻ôôòã
ͩץס֣ҡͷ
һֻ֣ͩͷͷǱСʱ򳤵úЩʱĺܵһͷϡͷòã᲻ٿô졣ڻǺչġ
ͩͷǣĸҺܺáҵһ㿴
οصͷҾ֪ƴ㣬ȻҲ͵ȥ
ϸؿͩãü΢ͩ㲻ĸ׵͵ϥ¸գ
ͩҡͷĸ׵Ϊңƴ˰ڴһŻָӡΪܹȫ󣬲ʷֵ˵˻ѡĸİֻ֣ɱ֪ĸ׵Ŀԣʱʺƴĸײ븮Ѱһʺ󿹺Ŀɽȷҵƽĸ޶˻ʺĸ׽ڳ֮žصλȷʵһʵѡ
˲ϵ᣺Щĸͬ˵ģ
ͩЦҡͷĸȻҺܺãᵽʹЩ꣬ܿҡ
һͩᵽ飬ڸǲסػϲǺӣС͹㡣õʲôöѧõʱҪȥ˭Ȱ
ͩЦأʱ꣬ϲҴ͸һֻϡİ붼ؾøҡΪڸҫֻޣ˵͸ҵģʵһ
Ҫˡĵ³һ仰
ͩͷǣҪˡ
Ҳ뿴ֵС̧ɣ޷ֹУ𣿡
ҵһҲ˺ܾˡΣǶŹңҲŹλġͩôһ˲һȻ
˶˵򻨵ľգȴ֪ĻͩҲֳյĳϮ
̾һεصͷֽ֣ͩסǱȥɡǣ˭ǸλãƴԷġǸӣҶ˽⣬ԶֳԲΪ㡣տңҲңѾԭˣ㲻Ϊ׵ܡȻǶôɼǱȥɡΪǵĸףֻһԸǱǶҪʳꡣ
ͩݵ֣ˮΪΪ˰飬Ҫҷ
ЦǶҵĺӣȻ߳󣬵ķһصġôƫİȰ㡣ɲ㣬統ҰߣɲһǶ̻Ի񣬲ɡ
̧֣ͩͩǸλãһɼĿʼԣҲԸκһǸλϡ
ͩһĸף㡭лǺ޸𣿡
ЩĿڴƬߴ󡢲аܵĺϻϡ֣ҹһԺ
ãջԼĿ⣬ҡҡͷһĶԹԼ˽ա㲻̫һ
ʼҺ󹬵ЩţΪͩҲ֪꾡
Сڻߣߵ˶ܼɻᵽ
ĸ뵱۵飬ʱЩϲʼŵ˵˵ġ
ʲôˣھ󹬡Ӵ˾糯ǧ谮һĵΪ෹̸ʡ
ͩ˲֪ԭԼĸôһιΪļѻ
˵ôԼһ˳ȥȻ鶥ײ빬䷢Ϊᡢ˵ŶںΪε֮ͼӴס
ͩȻ֪˵Ĺ¶붼Ϊ˲ͷӪЩĿЩȫȫš
ţǶĵ֮ʵڹġ
ΪڹٿĴžޱ
ʱ޷ı״㲻ٶȥֻû˸ͷʵù˵һֱڷҩ
ͷëˡ
ͩüҽԺЩ˲Ϻúøһֱţ
ȻһЦΪƣοΪѱˡ
ǡͩƬ̵ȥѰһЩҽĸ׿ɣ
΢΢һЦʺȻһֱĺܹûʹܻƹ֮¡и̣Ӳ˸ϵûôôʹͲĥңʹİգһʱỹˡ
ûáֻͩ߬
֣ͩûãûòǡзӣҲ뿪ñ㡣
˾ţ޸Ļ
Щûйһ㣬ֻƽһ̽ĸ׵ݡ
Զй֣͢ϹҹϿգƻȾͨ졣
ͩãͩģŬͩȴ˼һֱͷ
һŵϹҹ͵ܳģûȥˡ
ͩ죬֣ɿ


62 
¡
δͩ˺ģ, ʱЦˣһ˲·һٶĿ
ͩŲȥ, ֱסͩ, Ժʱ仹, һʱ̡ǶһһػصҵߣһϧԼ, زǵġ㣬ҲҪҵĺ𣿡
ͩݺݵرһ뿪Ļȥֹߵһߵĸ˵ǣԺ, Ȼеǻĸס
, ֽһ䣺ĸ֮, ǧҪĵ¡
ǣӶˡͩվ, ˣĸ׺
Ҳվͩѷ۸չƽм, , ҪԼվʲôò׼ģ, Ұꡣ
ͩͷá
ȥ, ĸҡͩ
ͩȥˡĸ
ͷ, վסˣĲˡ
ͩͷīȾ󲽳˳ҵ
ڳҵſվ˺þãͩӰʧںڰ֮УŻغϹţصڵϴ
ظˣֹס¿ɸ˰գǼˡ
̾һˣҲˡ
򲻽⣬ϻûͣժͷϵñ⻰ô˵ģ
ЦֻδɵĽΪΣ
ӣϸϸһ²ͷԼ¼̫ˣˣ
ͭĺҡͷ֪йɣֻδᣬֻΪѣδˡóȻֽⲻ˾֣޶˸żɴ಻˵ˡ
ѣ⻰ϵӶһᡣ
ӹеӣü価ǵǣ볯߰ĻӣĹ̫ô޶ԡ¸յǻ˭Ϊ̫£ڳ۹һӡ̫ӺǼɻɣôɺ˵ػ
һˮȥ
ӣתˣŹ˶ãȻϢ
룺Իʺ˵
ϴϴһв飬֪ɵĴŭģѪʡԶ֡
˵֪ԻʺǾóµġ
ԴӰѳҵĳ˷ãĴŴһӦؾϴ¡һӣźˡ
һ߶ˮţһ߰ԼӲ֪Ӻʱ𣬾ȻҲͨˡ
֪ģΧı쿴ʣֻһ£ź̽
*
³һͩ˸磬ŮźϴϣҴҵȥ˳ŵ
ǰ
ͩߵŰݴװ꣬ףµһ˳졣ʣʥͷ񣿡
۵ͷºõúܣͰգ
ʶȤذһ̵ݵͩǰͩվӹһɨǶʹ͵ֻľԼһЩǮơׯ԰嵥
̫ӼȻ׫¡ٲҪ·һ£ſסˡЩǹ´ӿⷿרҳģ㸮ʡǷ͸㵱Ժסģǹϲһ԰ӣɽˮĶǽϵĽʦƣׯ԰ҲǳǽһɽˮĺõطЩطȻ󣬵һס㹻ˡº͵ؽЩʹ͵
ͩ󣺡ѡģȻõġ
ߵͩߣļ򣺡Щ꣬¶εġֻϣߵʱ򣬾ȥֲ
ͩ΢᣺֪׹
ۼͩижת˻ͷȻ֪·Ų㣬ҵ飬ҪЩˡѾͷȷʵǸѾͷһ²ǿȢչĲҪѡġ
˵⻰ʱͩصһ¡
ͩ΢΢һ㶣֪⻰⣬ü΢׵˼סԼί˽ŵĹ
˵˦䣬ҵĶӣ֮ӣտڡļҹ޽Ƕǰ˱ĸίһ˵
ͩ˸˵ʲôۼҪִǰǸ¡£Żʻڳŵãǻȥáϣūȥػ
ۿ˿죬ֻ΢΢ҡͷʾⶫ۲ǿơ
Ż̬ȣ¿˵ȥɣСǸ׼㰮Եġŷɲ֪ϲá
ͩҲ죬ֻҡͷʾⲻ˵񣺡ǣȥĸšлл
۰ڰ֡
һƣū͵¡
ͩٶ˵ʲô˼ŵ
ͩ磬йŮߣŻ˽ŲĪҪϸ½˰գõȢ֮ŮҲΪ˵롣
ͩ̾һ෽ŴҵĻΪ𣿡
صǻ˵صūȥ·Щ黭ľׯ԰ԺΪ˸л𣡱¶òȢ¼þհɡ
ͩһǳֺγ֪ΪԺڳ밡Ȣ͢ԱŮΪңڳ֮ϾͶһЩɣû˼뷨Ӱգ
ǳ̾һվͷͩūǸûõģôұµ˼̵ֻܽһ֡
֣ͩæʡ
յͩߣϣ
ϣͩɻؿ졣
ѡµ´Ӧ㡣˵Ҳµ飬¹Ҫ͢Ҫ²ġûô˼ȥעûѡʵĲűǣżֻҪ˿ڣ˱µĲҲͲһֱϣʱʱ̿ѵˣ
ͩȻæлǣ˵ȷʵӦӲֻ˵ĸڰҿűɡ
ЦӯӯͶˡ
л㡣ͩæҾ
ܳæ̧ͩĶ򲻿ɣϵūģ˿²Ҫǰһͨ˵죡
ͩºһЦҸҩʹŻҰɣ´ѦҽҾ˵ǰߣɱҶ׵˼øġ
֣¿ȥţͬūˡ
ͩͷһţȥҵ游ͬ˵һ˵ǹԿ֮ǰϲҪǡ
ӦūŽ̫Ӻת⸮ѾԿӭˣҪȥġūڱǰ˵ġ·ıǡ
˱ˡͩл찲ȥ


63 
¡
ʼ, շĴֶ˼䣬˼ֳӡ
ҸԼҵլ
Ҳ⣬ؾͱƫˮիǳ, £һׯ̫ʦˡɩꡣ
ˮΪҹ, һһر
ඥ˹ˮ, ȴǰѹС㱾Ӧеģȥ˾ųɾšòòֻʱֵĽ̵, ԽԽˡ
ֹΪǴҹĵ䷶
˻޷Ӧ֪Ĺˮ̫ʦǺϰߵĺܿ졣ѾѹĹѧ˸飬λػߣԼźϵ
ǰҷ˺л, ֻ˹
뾲ȻΪҳϱ, ƹܼһӦ, ǡè̫ӡִ£̫ʦǾԽ֪Խá
뾲סһͨ˵˵Ůʮ˱, ҿһ㶼١ǼҾŹ⼸¾͸̥һһϲġ
ЦţɩɩĪҪȤˣǰЩ²ˮٲµġҼҪʼңȻԹΪء
⻰ڻش뾲, ʵ˵ڳλġ
Դӽ˹, ûгȥǹĲ౳ָʹҲ޴Ӳ
˼뾲ʵȥµĶ׼ˣ
뾲ص, Ķͱˡڵɲ
̫ʦеĲյȻ׼, Ǳաȥء
, ڴһһգ˻岻⣬ĸҸҪ׼ֽǮʳȥзͷȥͷܸҪȣҺˣڱһ顣
ֹپһƷĴ˼ңǽڴ֮Уרŵɮ´ɨÿУǼ֣Ժա
궫ĴǻʼֻҪΪºպչ壬ڴﶼж״͵
ǻϵϵԿԽʼԺΪ١
꿪۴
µ԰Уֻ˿ʮԪѫʮԪѫʮС󣬴԰С
һһգҼһҪ棬Ĵ£һſȸ
һƽ֪ʮԪѫЩԺ֮ˣڽݣΪ˲ײˣնѡС
ǴҪʼ׼ʮˣҪҪ㾡еȥɰ죬ûжɮ¿ԽӴ
һգڶ궫ĻʼԵЩ
еĹٵϣֻõһʻ
ڵУԶԶزtһ̻Իͻʼʱζӳ£۾һЩĥĻް
үܼڳ⺰ͣ˳Ժ󣬲ŵ̫ʦǰ
ӱ𣬹̫ʦŹˡ뾲
ſڵȺСɮ£Ź̫ʦһˣȥ԰
۹ʮԪѫ佫۹ͣһֱ佫ȡ
ȵۻʱ򣬲ʮаλԴսɱԼԼһжѪ춨˶Ĵ󽫾
佫ǵ׹̫\\͸˱Ͻ
Ǳ徽Ĵ󽫾ָĴ󽫾ïԹ˾ıعֶΣڰ֮ʮոϣ춨˶۹Ͻ⽮߽硣
ԹϷ׸ٲǱұ֮ء
գ徽ʮǣľǽʳĲִ
ʹʧ֣֧Ӵľӣֻһˣǿ
Ǹʮ϶Ʒ߹١֮λıҲǷޡԹӢۣӢ۳꣬ǸӢۡ
걱徽ͷһ㶼ųƶսѷɫ
Щ˶۹Ľᵽ˴԰԰λŻʼȵ۵λȵǽҲĹ
̫ʦݵıҲĹ
ƺƵſҲĹֻй⡢١Ѧļҡ
Ȼָľǹ̫ʦΪ׵Ĺҡ
⡱ָԽ̫Ϊ׵Ľҡ
١ָ̫Ϊ׵ټҡ
ѦһرĹٴͣѦ˶Ǿ᪻ҽ
ȵսķЩʱգѦԼ֣᪻˾ӪʿλսպյĽܹ꿪ҲǶѦҵҽʥ֡
Ѧһҽϲȵ֮ʱȫ伣
ȵ۸Ѧ˴ȺնɵĹ£µ԰Ѧ޽Թ˰
ˣ۹£˲֪Ѧҽһ塣
ֻһϲҽѰ
ֻ֪ĺƷϣסһλѦҽ
ˣɽҽȻﲻĺƷԨһ̫аסҽ֮˵ĽŲĺƷûЩˡ
ΪˮϲڳһÿζԺŵá
Ϊ࣬˵һر档
̨ףͿͩһݣɵһ㶡ͩŲ԰ӵſڴֻ̫ʦżСһǰ棬ɵվֱӡ
ȻӦǰһ񣺡ݼ¡
ҲһǰҾݼ¡
ڹ̫ʦŮ죬Ҳ΢΢һף¡
ͩþ紺һ㣬ټ̳ޣЦķһĿɣ游ġ
һһ񣺡̫
ͻ񣺡̫ʦ
˱
֪ͩԼݲʺ˵Ĵߡ㻺Ժȥ
Ůȫͷͩ·ʱƳͩһɫ͸塣
ɫ˹λãֱ˹Ŀ
ʱסˣǸ壡
ع̨ͩףʧ֮¡
òӿǺЩˣͣ˲
Цʹˣкòãֻһձһհˡ
ҡͷ⻰ɲ˵ġ
ЩٸߣҲⲡʹĥûˡһεı顣
ֿ˵뷨΢΢̧͡
һ£ЦⲻҪ𣿱ͷӻؼңϷѵƤļڳ֮ϲɣ
ЦǽֿҪӣҿҲû˼飬Ҫһġ
Ļ
໥Źǻ
Ŀȴͱͩϵǿɫ˹ȥֲĦ䣬¶ģǰһԹ˵ĸףȥһ¹


64 

˵ͷʶ·𣿡
ش𣺡ʶŽԺʱ, ˡ
ȥء
ĵȥ첽ͩʧĵطȥ
Ϊ£ռ㡣
µ̾ɽ, ϣԻ
ת˼, Ժҹ, ȴôҲûпͩ
׷ˣ
üվǰ, ãء
Сңһഫ
һ˸񣺡ˮ¡
ͩЦţң
ͷͩǸɫ壬ϸϸع۲졣
ͩͷ˵ΪǱ, Ҳǿ˵, ֻǵѾĸ˵ܵĻ¡лһЩ, ǽռС㣬ȴҲûôˡ黽һֳ, ҲԻһֳ
໺̧ͷͩ̽, վǵͷŮֻ˵ĵ³ú񡭡
ͩ΢΢һ, ƺû뵽С׷ֻ뿴, ģ, ̲סЦ
С, ݣһЩ飬ʻһֱӵ근ʮŶûж
ȿʼͩĻ»ĴһЩǣʶ˸£ʱɣܹۿСС
Ŀˣ־ǰŮƺҲûôӡĺܵλģ㣬¶˷ȷʵҹģ
ֻ͵͵ܳ˵С˼ǷЩоĴԡ
ЩС˼ȴ¡
鿴δޣͩĲ٣ºһЦԭ֪ģİɣģңй֮޲С㵹Ҳǡ
ͷ۾һֱͩϵǿ塣ת˼תЩڣʱ̣ȥ
ٵؿͩһۣȻŮҽߵģŮǸ˼
ͩᵽԼδķߵģȻһᡣ
һ֮ҹŸͷԺǸŮӽߵģڵģһޡ
ŵһֱͩһˡ
һ뵽ǰŮԺĴǿ١
ͩб˲̣ϼȻּǱҲҰáȻҪڵܵܲڵʱշ㡣պ޷ҡ
ɻ󣺡޷£
ͩһ£ġˮ޷ϸ˵ֻԵҡҡͷһͬȥա
һ·ϣͩǰ棬һξͩ۾һֱŹͩ塣
ǿ
˼ˣĻͩ
üͩӰһԲ쵽ʱͩͣҲͣվڼ֮⡣
Ȼͩϵ壬תࣺΪҵģ
ŵһ飬Ȼ̧ͷﾡǾ֮ɫ촽΢΢ȴ˵
ͩϻ̳Ͽֵӣϵȡݸࣺϲ㡪͵ֳļ񡣡
ǡ࿴ͩϵ壬ֱҡͷ
ͩЦʣϲ壬ΪδӸղſʼһֱڶ
ŬƽԼľ˼صŮŮֻǾɫЩͬƽȻܿһЩܹǰɫɫƫࡣɫвЩɫȥտޱȣʵ˾þ桭
ͩ˿е壬ҪʲôȻ̨Ϸˮ
漴һԼٵĽŲ̨ϴ
ǰͩ񣺡£ˡ
ͷ࣬ŭȵ
໺ͷŮð˵£ˡ
ͩ˵Щʲôȴ̨֮ϣ̫ʦڹעߡͩΪѣ޷һʱպС㡣һͬС
ͷüͷ塣
֪ͩ಻˵һ仰ˣҲٶת̨ס
ͶԹ˵ͻȥˡ
ͷתͩ΢΢Ƿ£ϳ㲻ˡ
ͩһҲٶ˵ʲôԺſڻȥ
͸ͩ
˿࣬Ҳû˵ʲôֻǰռҹ棬˼̡
ԺһЩֽǮ̫ʦףȥЩֽǮ
̫ʦ˵㿴˿佫ǰ˸ΪǰǳѣѾ˳á
ߣš
Щв֮ģԶ۹вĥĹѫۼȻûȥǵܹ黹ϿǶ۹Ĺס
ȥЩֽǮҲ˼һ֮ͬ顣
˿۵Ķ˷ǣ˭ܷʲô˻أ
һ𿪽佫ǰŻҵĹ̫Щ鵹Ĳǡ
̫·ͥӹڼʹӸв飬ĻĻʼҹӲϯֿҲȥ֡ɼⳡյĴĻҪݵİҵ
˭ܱ֤ⳡ֮սµԼأ
ǹҵȻ¡ÿֽǮȴ㣬ȨʩһЩ˰ɣ
̫ʦ̲סпȴҲͷʾ⣺ȥɡ
ร˸ӣֽǮһһŵչȥʱպˡ
ʱ뾲۾΢죬æôˡ
صû£ɩɩǷ̴ֽǵģ۾Щۣࡣ
ȥʱ뾲棬ſͩҪ壬вǡ
ⲻµġˮƼĻͩգ㿪ʼǷǣȥ£æȰԺ󲻿çײˣּģв֮˴ʲôõҥԡ˹ҵ
֪ϵɩɩĵġˮֻܵͷصɩɩҲˡ
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۹ʮһʼ˴ͣ΢Ʊ֮ơǺϵıЩʼִࡢڻ
ģĴСﶼڹ䣬ڡ͢ȴؿʼϷϳˡ
˾Ƕ۹ߵл
ֻ漰ȫشҪŻ˾̲ʷ̨ϰ졣λǴ£̲ˣʷ̨ܡ
˴˾Ǳʷ¾ٱĶ˽ͱͼıһ
˰˾ٱ£ɶ̲ѡʹԼʹǰȥǰﱡ
ʹ֤ṩճ̱֮󣬾ϾߴǷɸ봫飬ͼפϾӪ顣
õߴǴʷĻظȴǰ㲻֪٣
ϢһǻȻ
ʮ˳֮͢ĵһ죬ӷʷ̨ӾӶࡣ
ۿӵӣȥӻ֣ø̫ӿ
ͷСʰӣ͵˶


65 

̫ʷ̨, ɵЦ
ͷȥ壺ʳʲôûУ
صе˶ȥʻˣﻹûκζ
ô̫ü
ͷòĴ˾ûȷ֤, ˵ͱıЩ֪ͨͨӱҲʧˡ޴Ӳ𡭡
̫žһе˦ϣͽȥ, Ϊβȥ
ŵùڵϣǺǡ
, Ҷϵһıʿʱˣ, һûأ
ʱ̫ӽΪղʿıʿдǣ֮ǰȥѯһ
ô̫ӵ˵ͷ
аԴ˸ģ̫ӵ鱾粻, Ȼ̫, Ҳ̫Ӻʱĸ, ʱ
ֻܵͷʵӵ˼, ھȥ𣿡
壬ת˼ζ
֪˼»ûвĵط, п˵Ȧ
, һǶն˾
̲ʷ̨ˣֻҪ°ͱıʵ, ı, Ҳܻȥ
ƣʱ˺
鲻, ֮ϸ
ռ˵˺ͣǲǧѷĺûᣡôط
ڲھӪأ
ܲʱ͵͵ػ
͵͵ˣǸ⣿͸ʲôֶˡô룬ȴֻ·һ
۾֮ǰķԸȥ죡ǰ첻ãԼ֪
һǡ
֣ս飬Σı£Ҷţ
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κγǷÿγ֮ʱ̫֮ܿɳ졣Ҳ˵ûץסھɽ֮Щˣ뾩İգɢ
½࣬ȴκνչҲȹϵϣת
ǳüվ鷿⣬ⲽ֪Ҫôȥػ
ǰŻ˰࣬ﱡ彣ų½ڵǰ˲Сʱ̲סⲽʯףȭ񣺡½Ϊβȥ
Ϳﱡæ񣺡ҲȥֻǽԺⲻҪһ𱸡
𱸣ﱡһ£ʵǡǰЩʱ򣬾׸ϵľ̫ƽӣ
͵ͷǴ£Щɽ˵ǽƻúܣǷÿÿȥһ񡣸Ҫ˵ҵЩɽ˵ϳˣȥʾ˵ɽ˻ڼа٣ƽ¡˵˵Ǻð
ﱡųģƬ̲뵽վﲻȥԵɣ̲Цˣ½ңԲŻתСʱ
ͼԼ˼˲𴩣ҲֻڨڨһЦ㿴ˣ
ﱡЦлֱ˵ܰʲôæزƴǡ
һҾ֪ӣﱡ֣ԣұϾ㣬ôҲþôװ׵زʹ㡣ȵϻ࣬˹ҸСüһ¸¸ľƳ棬Σ
ﱡЦǳ֮ЩԱĵһֶΡǲȥҲòӡ
ֻεصͷá
ͼﱡӦ£Ļϲ˵һˡ
͸ߣЦǺǵشһ߳ôӣ½Ҫé®ܰȥ
ﱡ죬Ƿ½Ҳñ¸Ĳ£Ѳų²ߡȻ½ǣҶûоܾĵ
ͷǰ½Ĳ²ð졣ȻҲǼ䷸յ顣Ȼ߽ʦҲҪСĲǡ
ﱡЦЦл޴Ĺġˡ
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ʱﱡ˹ظװһװֲȥ˳¸
ҽﱡǰͬΪƷڹְϳﱡƽȴﱡʮꡣ
ﱡþֶȥѡһЩ伮Ϊǰȥݷá
δͿ͵СӳɣվſЦӯӯһڴصӭ
ɿﱡæǰȥǣס֣
ﱡȡ鼮ݸɣġ
һϲæеݸСˣӹﱡ鼮˼ҳһȤΪǱ飿
ﱡ򣺡㲻Ҫԣ״Ԫ״ԪȻһʵսɲԲͨպܹսɱУҪģ
һֹֻ˵Ҫ״Ԫû˵ҪȥսɱС⽮оʮһһȥɽˮ
ﱡһ⻰ɱˡϣǳ¼Ҷɸսǳ¼µġ
ǡ룬񾡹ءǰûõѵأһȰ
ﱡһƴڳɵĺףɲں˵ˣ
ƿﱡ֣˸֪֪ˣֿһ˳³ʳһ𡣡
ﱡεҡҡͷųɽ˳¸
ǵһε¸ҲǵһЩۡ
⽮ǵ۹ڡƫƫ˶䣬ȴͱǵĹλ
ǰš¼ȻǵȨջȨҲ˲ԾΪٵĺ֮ǡ
Щ꣬ʧ˽ϲִڶľӡءһ𷨣սɱ¾Ϊ١οԳŹ֮أ
ﱡǣǳ֮ǡ
Ƕ۶ٲ¼ɣǿڹġǳıЧǣҲֻ׽þ˵չһ±־
վſӭﱡ˿һϯ
־Źﱡʵ½˾ҲˣͲҪˡ£뽲
Ͳ˼ͷ˵Ȿҵ飬ȴҪ鷳㡣
ﱡҡͷԡ
ͼЩˣҪȥ̽һ
ﱡ̧½áһȥ̽飿
Ͱ֣Ҳһˣֻǵ㼸ݵĸһȥˡҲ֪ǷĶ̫Щǽƻ˵ˣӶᱻܵġǽһɱĹŵӣ۹״ԪޣǱϿɵġ㣬ٺʲˡ
͵⣬ﱡ֪ԭ½Ҫװȥ̽һЩ˵Ĳ֮


66 
ǡ
ﱡ˵Щ, Ѿһࡣٰգǿ/Ůɱ˵ȱС
׸۳ȥ, ȥ޻أǻ, Ҳ˲׸ûз, ӣ붫ʩԮ, ²˳͵ͷϡ
ﱡ֪¶յΣƱӦʱײգͽա
һæ֣Ҹȥ
֣ǳ⣬ȥִб½Ĳ£ȥ֡
ôͲȥˣҵ, ǷӪҲҲҸõģɷʱʶֱͦš
ɵ, ﱡһֱУָ, Գɵ֣ﱡġ
Ըȥ, ﱡǸˣ㱧ȭص½ӴҪȥġɵ֣Թ, Ҳ¡
ɼﱡ˵, æֶ˵ˣֽ˫, ضտҵġȥɣ
ͱóɶ˼, ﱡ书Ƿڽ϶ŵŵġ˴ﱡ, Ӧóʲôӡ
ֻǳɲʮߣʢʱ򡣳ƽ޹¶ˣЩġٳٲϵͷӦ
ɼˣƫģʮ͸ȥѲˣôҾͲܸȥ£
죬˦ӣ֮ϣ͡
֪СӵƢֻﱡȭȮӾиտˡ
ﱡͷ׼ʱ䲻ˣҪڳԿ֮ǰȥЩ黹Ҫ׼
˵ﱡѾ׼ϯɣȥ׼һٳš
ͷ絷⡣
*
ĳţʱ
ﱡʰһʱ֮ϻС
Ϧ£ĺ졣
ȾһƬɫ
ǳɵһθﱡһȥ˷ޱȡﱡŰʱһȥһ£ʱһȥ졣
ʱʱػȥ︮ݷãȥʮΣа˴ֻ︮һȲ߷߶顣
ﱡʱ˿ǲһɫ£һɫĶһڲṦ̤ƣҹĻ֮Уȥ硣
룬ڴôãոﱡȥֱʧ
ȥʰһ˶һҹӵĳнͷСֻһ͸ֵˡ
һУĽ͵̫󣬲þЩȤ
ﱡȻΪʲôɻйƤһ㣬ͷɥӣʵô޾ɵģˣ
ԼӣΪҹ£ŷȥġ
ﱡһ㶣ûסЦˣʲôʲôʲôҹ£ʲô
ɵǲ¥˵ô˵İǰ£ǶҹڷߵҹֻмĨӰڷϴ󡭡
ﱡЦ⻹ûϣŴһ£ȷô㲻ҪܵҪ·ʱûô죿
СֹҲߣ˵ƭ˵ģ
ﱡεҡҡͷҵΪʲôŸҳȥ£ԭЩ˵˽֮Ӣţִĵ
ɲѵ𣿡
ﱡţӻͨ϶ǡ
سŵĳžﱡݹƣٿŵǳ¸ӣ̬ȼõķС
һɥʣǴʲô֮𣿡
ﱡ˿ôȻеģȻܵ飬ȻŽȥ¡㣬ȥʲô
Щҵˡɻص
Ȼˣкص㣿ﱡʡ
Ҳش𣺡ǿŮǮƣɱɺ뵽ʲôһеǮƣ
ﱡοصͷӿɽҲǰɽ͵ӣЩӲˣô㣿ֻдûʵӣǲŻˮŻһ֡
ɼﱡⷬС˼ʱ۾Ź⣺֣ôô
ﱡЦЦպ󣬶Ұ켸βҲ˵ġѡ
ʣǲָҵЩҲдЩ
ﱡƬ̣㡭ǰɡ
һȥҪúÿﱡôһͣ˲ԼϽҲûô๿ˡ
ɷнµط˷ͷϵڡ
ʱﱡͣһҪ³ӡ
ɲһסﱡʲô
ﱡüȥ¶
¶һɻظﱡ˳Ժﱡϵĳ򽻴һʻȥ
ɿȥһɻﱡǲҪͽаɣ
ﱡָָǰԶվȥ㾡õǡ
ɲ֪ﱡ«ʲôҩֻСֹվٺõܺõȥ
ﱡεЦЦɣֱȥſڵվ
վԺֻ뱱
վԺƹݣ·˳ԷסޡԺв̣ʱ㣬ҪȾƹ˶һЩ
ﱡУɨһ۲̵ˡˣϴЩ붼ƾɲһһ糾͵ӡ
Щռ˲һӣſ˯
ﱡ΢Уûжͣվȥ
ſڵվǹ䣬һʮʱֵ١͢վޣصĴʷ浣ְ֮Ͼ࣬һվٹԸӯ
Լȫصվﶼᡢƹ̯⡣
ﱡһжϤˣΪŰԼһ㶼վáοվܶ˴صϢ
Ҫʲô վǵʲõϢۼ֮ء
ﱡ֮վͣȥ֮ǰҪͣһգһϢ
ǰ̨̣ﱡЦ﹫ˡϣλСӵĺܡ
ﱡЦЦͳǮóСӣõܣθҳȥһ⡣
ٿСӣʱڣ﹫ҪϷһ䣿
ﱡһ伴ɣһ磬Ҫƥ·ģǵʱٵˡ
ﱡվٳһ󷽣ϲﱡ򽻵
ﱡĳͲ٣ֱһݷԿ׵ݹȥһϷ﹫úˡЩʱ򣬳ѷ͵ӷƥͲ˻Ժƥ֤ų̿죡
ﱡӹƣˡ
ﱡתʶɨһ¥¾ƹˡЩŴֲڻȭȾƣЩʱʱ۾Χһ֪˵ЩʲôһЩˣԼһŷžơ
ﱡ׼¥ʱӭһ½ͣͷһס˴½һѰɫĽֱֱ˵һ䷿
ﱡλ½ͲܸоһϢ·ǧɽ֮ѩһ塣


67 
¡
ɿλ½, ʶءסﱡĸ첲Сشյﱡ˵֣Ǵ˵еĽ֣
ﱡÿɷ·ûκ, ϢƳнࡣһϵȵ, Żˡ
ƫ, ϰǰ㽡˶һģ
, ȱ֡
ֻϵǰѽЩ³ˣһƷϵȵĽ
һֵ꽣͡
ﱡ߽¼ֲ֣סɵĸ첲ص߰ɡȻų˿ͷ
˿ͷ, ﱡڿͷһȦ, ǽ, Ŵóһͷˮ, ʲô
ﱡĴ˼Żع£ⷿŴǷʵûа֮ġӣЩջ˾ά
ɻȻ, Ͻʱﱡĳ˼֡
˲û, ˿š
ﱡӦÿŵ˽
ֻһ, ţ﹫Щʲô
ﱡǳ·ʵ˵̫ƽ, Ŵ˴γȥ׻, ǲҪˮˡ
һﱡҪˮص﹫ҥԡȷʵЩ̫ƽҲûҪˮĵز
һԲԹɫĳɰЦ¶ɫشϢб¡
һ˵ﱡҪˮ½·ͻˡˮζţǲ׼ˡ
ƽﱡһ˻˵ˣƥʧĿɲһ㣬ٲż
æﱡһ裺֪﹫׼߱ϵĹܵµġ
ﱡصȥϴЩβû塣
һﱡȥһ﹫ӼȻ߱ϵĹܵҲعǡЩˣûµĹٵ
£ԭˡﱡ˼صͷһ㣬ҿ͹СŸտûãô͹⣬ɲʲôģ
ٻصŶЩ͹ǽĻᶫ
ʲôﱡЩ
ҡͷҲûۿǰֻ֪Ǽ١Щ͹вڶ˯ںԺĴͨϣѾüˡ
ڣﱡһ䡣
ٵͷǰſڲЩǴͨ˯ˣȲѲϢġ
ǺӰվ̵⣿ﱡЦʡ
εЦЦƶ֮ˣοΪǡοڳŶԿˣ̿Ҫôؽ˳ǣҪôЪˡҲҪ̯ûʲôˡȥɣҲǴպϼյ顣
ﱡͷаԴĦһ˵Ȼ£վ׼ɡ
գټﱡʲôʶȤ˳ȥ
ﱡü΢˼ʲô
ɼﱡ˵ԹԵﵽ
ıǸ·סõģûװõĶŴһӣӣԼľ
ĵƿӣվȻм˿һ㣬һֱǵķ򣬶ʱ˾
ɷ´ӣһ˷ܣ֣ǵȵĴ㣬Ϲˡ
ﱡعüɣǱ˶ˣ
ǣһֱڶһ˵ӣǹ¥óӵİɡ
ﱡͷȻɱԽҲҪֵġǴһӵܵӣᣬ⣬ֳ£Щ˿Ǿһé®ĺӣһɱġ㡯
ﱡһ˵ɺȻ⽭ֱ˵նֹĵطв̤п֮أޱȵĴ̼
ﱡЯİȡһɫ£ݸɣǲٹ䶯֣ϾǳǷӦû峿·ʱŻ
ɲؿﱡȻգΪڵݸ£
ﱡ΢΢һЦҹǻбҪȥ顣
£ȫﱡʲô
*
Ϧ£Ļڡҹտֻмɢڷ΢âǳҹеǼǳ·ʲôĨȥһȻʧֺȻ֣ɳ֮һƬɳ
Ӱ֪شܵ˳ǽµĶѻ
֡Ҳ̫ˡʲôŬҪ۾ӦΧĺڰκνҹȫû¹⡣
ﱡɿųǽϵĻ⣬˳ǽ֮£ûйûа취鿴
ﱡסɣȿ
ʲôʵ
ﱡʣվĲע
̣ôˣһɻ
ﱡ̾һûע⵽Щ͹ſ˯𣿡
˯ʲô⣿ɲ⡣
ﱡֻͣ˯Ҳûʲô⡣Ҫ˯ʱ䲻ԡ˵ЩѾ˺ü춫ˡʲôʱΰᶫŻ˯
۾תһȦϣЩڰᶫ
ﱡͷֻűáǰᶫܲҲĨڰɣȻһЩġ
δ䣬ﱡɾͿŻɫĻƮ
ԶԶؿȥ·ƹҹĻ֮ϻǰС
٣濴ǣ֣ȥҹﵽװʲô˵Ķһ˷ܵ׼ȥȴﱡһס
ﱡѹ㿴ϸˡ
ٴɻؿǼŻ⣬ȻʲôڷŹ⡣
֣зĶǡԼԺƬ̻Ȼ򣬡ǵеЩ͹Щ˼ٰģǾȻô൶
ǰϾȻеܲﱡ΢УһֲõԤȽȽ
ÿ˶еЩǹٱʵ
ﱡҡҡͷ֪Ҫһѵ֪ǿԿ϶ǣڰ˵ĶǼùĶǺܹصĶ
ڶ۹ڹƷ
ڹټң̶ҪٸߵܹΪǹƷ׼ҵ׵ˣǲп̵ʸ
ϵı̼ȫɶǰ˵佫תġ
һұǡС
ڡڶ۹˲֪˲
ʮѫλеڶıӢ⣬ֻǶ궨֮ӢѸߣ޷ɱС
֮Ӣս⣬缲˵뷨˶꿪۾칧ۡ
칧۲Ṧȴ֪ӢֱִֹӣÿɵڼҡӢΪܼЧңеļҲ˱̡
꽨ʮ꣬ڼѾӵɳ󽫾ɱΪһ͢ƶսĵط
д̣ÿһѴıӡϴеı֣ڱǼڲᡣÿ̳ɵ˰Ҫ뻧Եˡ
Ҳ˵ֻҪǶ۹̴ıֻҪϵı֣һԲóļ̴ġ
ѵľ֪Щ˭
ﱡЩġ
ﱡ䣺ǽˣ֡
ﱡع񣺡Ϣ
èһ㣬ӣϢһһǼšȥ
һŴϣһ꣬ﷺǹ⣬ﱡǵж벻ԶǼŻƵĹˣǰվӵܣ
Ƭֵ̣ԭˣ˵ˣ


68 

ǰƺȥ, ֻǾؿǰ淢һС
ﱡеעõЩ͹ϣȫûעĴϻһˡ
Щ˰˶ȷʵܳأΪߵķǳΪ˱֤¥ϳǷ, Ƕˡ
ﱡɺɵһؽ˻
ڻʱɻ߶ЩǷϹôĻ⣬¥ϵ˶
ﱡصƽ㽿ߵ, ϴȥҹǽʮ, ԶټǷѾվʱǺҹ, Ƥֱܡôע⵽ôԶĵط⡣ͷԼȥվʱһԡ
ƲƲ죬ٷ
ǽĻʱͣŵ㣬ÿ춼дĻʱţֻǱդΧһƬ
Ȼſֵأǿ, ſֵصѾͨЩ˳ͨؾͰһ䶫˻
ﱡĵطڲԶ, ЩΪᶫüٵĺ, ԼصĽŲ
ﱡһһľͷɵĻ䣬аʱ䡣
ð
Щ˳˰˶, κҲһ͹һ߰ᶫ졣
ֱ񡭡
ﱡ̧ͷԶǽ֮ѵصĳǷȻд󺧣
Щܹѵˣ
Ȼ, ﱡ⼸ճֵ͢÷зǼɴ, ˾Ķ˽ͱıһ
Լ̲ʹȥ˽ͱʱĽ
ڱ˽˰ǧԼǮƹǧ˱ȥɽӪ·, ǧﲻ֪١
֪١Īǡ
Īǣ
ﱡǿסԼĵĳ嶯, ۾, ǿԼ侲
鲻ı
ûô
ЩȻƹ˱ȨҲǶ⣬ŸҷȨ˵۶ƹܱȨ£Ͽɵġ۴ӵġ
˶۵Σ鳯ָտɴ顣
ʵϣĴ󲿷ֳ͢Ա֪̫ӹ鳯ȻܰѴͻּⶼˡ
ȻԹ볯֮£̫֮λ˭һһ
ӣȻð
ǣʱϣΪʲôӻ뱱ǧһʧأ
ֽ̫
̫޷ӵˡǧһʧˣֻӱˡ
ôЩ˶ѵصġ͹ڱʧǧ
˵֮⿪ʼˣҲǱʷǻְʹȥʱ㡣
ʱ˵޴ĳ롣
ϸһֲ̫ԣЩӻľΪݣҪɱ¾ó͢𶯵أ
ֱó͢ǵĴһ㡭ڿȥ֮̾Щˣ
Щˣľڱʧǧ
֣ʲôЩ˵Ѿˡ˼ﱡ䡣
ʱ̫̣ﱡ벻׵⡣
ֻܴǰȥ
˼ľߣȥǰʲô
һԽľ䣬Щ˶ѷĵطЩеԼһɳеȴֻߡ
ɣҴǱ߿ʼ顣ҪǼʱ򿴳ﱡֱָָߵĵط
ɵͷ˹ȥ
ĿϵúܽﱡװĶһЩֳӲĶеսϳõǹֲָ̫ԡ
ﱡ׼֣Ѿؽš
ȻҲഫľصŵﱡһǱߡ
漴ſֵصˣ˭
ﱡɲСײľ䣬ſɪɪ
ֵ˾͵ƣС̽顣
ƹԽԽ
ﱡų˳ȥ
˳ȥֵص˿úúõľһ߾裬ӺҹѲߡ
һˡ

У
Ҳܷŵ飬ΪЩĶֻͣһϣЩͻᱻ˽
ǰȥ֪ͨͣЩȥ򣬺ץС
ΣڽŪ浽ʲô
ô죿
ҪЩֵص
鷳֪ЩһҪ˼ΣЩֵصʲôʱ򻻰ࡣһͻ࣬Щ˷ڻ̽ǵĻضϼӿأ
ǶеųɣӲ
ô죡ô죿
ﱡһʱò⣬ֵ˵ĵƹԽԽ
ɺ޲þôܡ
ﱡ΢΢գɵΡ
ٲҪҲˣֵ˵ڶߣŵƹø
ֳ棬ƴһơ
ﱡذסκζ֣Ѿ˲ѥذ֮ϣ
ʱһɫӰӴﱡǰһƹڵĵط
ߴһʲô͵أô򷢳졣
ģˡŭ
漴ǵӰȻ˹֮ϣպﱡֱ߲һĵط
ǸӰ£ƿﱡһۣצȻһԾϻԶĻ߷˼ľӣﳤȥ
ֵһڣģȻһֻɫè
Լ̫ˣֵصûѵµĻһһźáǷöÿ֡ŹǷȥſڴˡ
ŲнԶﱡ˫˫һû뵽ԼôãȻһֻèǼӿϵٶȡ
ֻɫèԾ˰ļͷ
꿿ڳǽ֮ϣﱡڵĵطͰè°ͣʵôϢҵģ
è°͵Ȥûʱꡣ
Զﱡٵ飬˾⿪ʱ֮¶ͷ¹ﱡĿ֮
ǰĶסˡȻľ
׼ȷ˵Щǲ𡣲βһѹֳӲ

ﱡһ̧ǱߣȻʲôŹһ
ǣ
ﱡذǸĶ˳
ǹ
ǹͷӡţڡıЩڱսģ
ﱡֻһѣΡ
ıĻǺͷⲻͷɱУ˭͹ģⶼҪأ
ĵ˹ݹһֻʸѹ˵֣濴ȥǲʵŲټʸͷӡŵڡȥļʸ
ﱡ΢΢ҵѾҲûа취ˡ
ԭˣͻͿʼȺǱʧǧˡίȥ£һҪ˸鵽ʲôӲ֤ݣ˽
֣Ҫô죿ɿﱡЩ


69 
ˡ
ﱡ˼֮, Żһ磬ͻȥ¸߳½, ҪݾߣЩ͵ġץ, ҪץС
أʡ
ﱡش𣺡һбҪ顣
ұȥҸһһ𡭡ɻδ˵, ͱﱡס˼
±Զȥɣвɳһӣﱡһµضų, ľñѾôˡҪԴȥץ𣿡
ƶǶصͷ
ﱡ۾ϷһЩҪȥȷϣȻȥ°áʣµ顭Ҳϣ
Ȼﱡĵʲôһ¶֪ĺͯʵҪ, 𣿡
ﱡش⡣
֮Щλߵ, Щλ, ⳡܱ
*
֣ɾſ, 
ﱡǻһӵܵװ磬վһͷһ࣬, ·ˡ
峿, ΢
ﱡѾϰ峿ҹ뿪
ǰշתࡣ
, ۹, һɱĹŵ֮һ, ﱡϵʦܡ
һѧ֮࣬á
ʱգ֪Լʦܵʲôĸ顣
ǵʦɽ®ʦѧյ龰һһĺӣȴɾһ㡣
ʱȻһЦ·ɽɫһЦ£˹ȥΧ޹⡣
СС΢΢Ƿȭׯµʦ񣺡ʦ֡
ﱡʶȥδĺӣԴֹ
ּҪɱݣɱʼնûиﱡʦܵʵݡ
ɱֻǶﱡ˵ʦܣΪʦҪػ
һѧǼ꣬ĺӴδйκβصΪκʱ˵ĸоһƷж˷֮ˡ
ÿջһȻ
Ϲһ˿
һִйʦĶƽֵӦ
ССͣ鼮㣬ȻڲɽѧȴҲʦ顣
ϲ֡ҵͣȴܹڲ®УʦੲݣĿбӵһһдŹΡ
ܶʱ⣬ҪʱŻϨ
ϰ֮ϣѧ츳ˡ
ƽҪѧһĽףֻҪѧһ¾Ϳڻͨ
ɱͶȥ͵Ŀ⣬͵Ŀ⣬ﱡûеõﱡֻܸӸŬ
żҹĻ֮УﱡҲǵﱡﱡûп΢΢ףʾò
ɽһʲôʱ򿴼ˡЩ˴粽޷ӽ
ﱡլүСǣǸһȺź
ﱡһֱΪ︻ҺŵõСү
ȻʦֵܣѧʱȴûиĽҪѧ̫࣬ൽﱡоۡ
֪ΪֻڲɽѧĽʮ꣬ɽ
ɽ֮ǰһˣķ䣬ݸһ鴿ӣš顣
ʱﱡ֪ԭԼȻ붫۹ӳΪʦֵܡ
һµʦֽ뻯۹Ҫɣ̱߽ʯʦԸ⣬ɽҵƱԡ
ˣǰʶ뺭ǰϻǻԴô
ã
ﱡͷƣҲҪرչҲܹԡ
΢΢һ㶣صͷԼƣǸ˵ͻʦ֡
ȻﱡûнܣȴǷ
ֻһӸٻ󣬻־²ɽ
ǣﱡ˵μӳ͢ѡΣΪԵһ볯ְ͢Ҫ塪
ٿЦ
ǣﱡ㱧˼ɽ
ٺ
ٺ飬Ըġ
ԭ飬㲻ȥ룬ʱȻô
飬ʱ꣬ҲҪⳡվĶ֮ս
ﱡԼ֣Ҫı
ӦòҪɡ
ϻڷܵôҪ˵İ»صܰһʱܰһ
˵ףⳡսԼ顣
Ȼûп£Ǿ˵Ҫİ
ֻҪԼ֮¾Ϳˡ
ﱡ⣬ж̱һ˻һϵĹٵȥ
ϵĹٵþҪԽһΪӣＸǧɡѵ֮⣬·ǻǽһ㱣
Ƭ̣ﱡѾߣͣפĴtһתͷӵȥ
ﱡЩ͹ĶЩ˵Ķ߹ٵһᱻ·õĹؿͨеĹؿʿЩ˵ĳɱ̫
ˮ·Щ࣬ˮ·ʡǮֻҪʳڽƮ£˷֡
ﱡ϶Щһˮ·
˻ЩƺͷеĶȥͷĳ̽һʲô
ﱡͷ˼ţȫûעǰ·
Ȼ/µһ˻㲻ߡﱡŻعȥ·ѾһȺ˵סȺ˽һֲ£Ȼͷ棬Ҳࡣ
ﱡȻɨһۣ
һ߸ˡ
һľﷺź⡣
ﱡ˵ЩʲôֻȺִľﱡһѱڲסĽȻӿ
Χˣ
ﱡһоˣһĻȴЩ㵡
ЩִųˣٵӹֱȥﱡſԼмƬһ
Ƭ̼䣬Ťһ
ﱡ۾ЩִˣǡΡˢҡաɨβǽʷִ֮˷׷ױƷڵϣá
Щ˵Ĺһһʽվ˿ˮǾѵˣŻ˼
Щִ˵ͷűӽڵ϶ýٷʵҪҪ
Щٷ˽һЦ׷׵
磡
߸΢곤һЩӣڰ֣ʾǲҪ˵ˡ
Ҹط˰ɣҲǿ֮ˡ곤̾һߵĵ˵Щ˵ʬ̧Žȥ
תȭﱡλܾˡ
ﱡǰ񣺡޷֪մ
곤΢΢һЦұǴˣӲ˶ҽǱ硣ǱҹǱ硣
ԭǱ硣ﱡһ̧ͷ֪Ǳ徽ʲôϵ
Ǳһ漴гһ䱸ָﱡ
ﱡûбĶֻǵʱڱ徽ϰ䡣徽ѵĹ󡣹Ǳ緽а˳ƣǲǹʾɡ
٣ǱüŬţƺûлλڱ徽ߵɡ
ﱡѣ֪ǱǷ񻹼ǵãʮǰ뱱С߾һꡣ


70 
򵹴
Ǳü, ʱҲǶʮ꼶Զģ
Ǿﱡһ, ƺʲô
СӣǱ粻˼ضһµﱡ
ﱡվֱЦǱ绹ǵá
ôǱţȴֲòš
ΪѾû˸˺ɻǰΪŵĶ꽫ǡ
Ǳ翴˿Χ, ͷȥ, ǻط˵ȻͷҲصŽȥ
ﱡȻʶǱ磬ʶеĹ徸϶еĹ, 徽ѵĹս˵ı徹
ﱡǣǱ棬˶ıӰ۾Щɬ
ȻǱ徽ˣȻĹˣ
Ǳڽҵһ黹ƽ̹Ĵʯͷ, ѹӺ, ﱡҲ
ﱡҡҡͷվ, վŰɡ
Ǳ̧ﱡ
ﱡͷҡ
Ϊ֤ԼݣԼЯǰ, ݸǱ硣
ǱӹСǰ֣ʱвãɿﱡ, һ, ϲӣвñ˼֡
Ǳп֣˵ϰ, 츳, ھѧϰЩǹ㡣˲ɽ, ݽһɱΪʦʱɷЩˡ
ﱡЦЦ׵ǣҼǵþӪ˲ȥҽ֡ޣһһϡһսҾƣ˯ҹŻ񡣡
ˣ䶼ԵϣӦòдˡ
Сӣȷʵб£ЩˣĲ֪˭书ȴĺܡǹǶ򲻹㡣ѹֽô㣬߸ӻСһϰ䡣Ǳ£ܾЩʱ⻹ա
ﱡǱ뱱ʱʱɵһʹ
ЩǹûðɣﱡǱ硣
ôܺأǱЦ㿴ǣΪܣɽΪҡ
ΪλˣﱡüֻЩѣΪξӪҲᱻǣ
ﱡȻҲɽɽʱ򣬳Ѿȥ˰ࡣͱ˶۹ļɻ䣬˸ἰ
ﱡҲҵ徽֮󣬿Ѿȥ¥գź֪˾ޱ䡣
յĽһһر壬Ǳš
ﱡŻʰЩ˽ѳ
Ϊ˽ȥΪҵ徽
ﱡȥӦ˶۹ԣ볯Ϊ١أڿҰ£ֵأڻö۵Ρ¼ʼĩ˽г
Ĺܹ
ѡء
пܣҪԼڵְ֮õ곯¼Ļпܣ汱徽
Ľ˽⣬Ǳ徽һҳӣ
ﱡ볯Ϊٵĳԡ
ǰŵǱ徽ĹˣȴѾΪݿܣ͵
ǱĬãŻصǾӪˣսУĺӡ޹ʣֻǲΪױӶȫͨЩʼٸߴһǵǰ·ɡ
ﱡֻսһӪлжٵִ
Ǳ̧ﱡãŵСӣǶߵĺˡ㲻涫ЩӲд˰ɣ
ﱡ󺧣æǱң׽ǣҾͶˣҸʲôͿ԰ǹΣ
ΪҪɱ˽ǱĿϬ
ﱡ˶֪Ҫ
ʵǱ磬¼ȥϸش
ǱĬ
ﱡ˵˵ҳӶ԰ɣҲţȥӦԡӽ۹Ȩģ֪Ǽµʼٸ˭롭ϣְ֮ҵһЩʲô֤֤
п𣿡ǱͷеĹӣǻпܱ𣿡
ﱡ߹£סǱ֣еģǱ硭Ҫˡ
Ǳ粻ؿﱡ
̫ӵһֲ߻ġӻҪȡȨͱ浱ЩԩĽֻ̫ӲŻΪִشʧ⡣ﱡᶨӣһǷزǼЩ͵ȥ
ɱ˾ǻ壬ȴҪŻ壿Ǳ綢ﱡŻ壬Իмֵأ
ﱡĬƬ̵һͬڲɽѧƷԣһȻҲһʼ㿴ҵƣҵݡһݣҲ֪εĻǿϲ𣿡
磡ˡλǡȥ˻ﱡǱ֣оǽ䱸
Ǳ翴˿ǣֿ˿ﱡ
ﱡǼᶨǷ·Ǿϴɣʯһ㡣
һ˲䣬ǱһģվﱡֻصСӣɻǵã
˽һ㶣þϲޱȡ
Сӡ
ǣСߵǸ䣿
𣿵ǸСܲͷȻҲôˣ
룬ұȹСӣȻ㣡
˳ﱡܹһһ·ӪйеĻЦ
ﱡһᣬңˡ
һԱﱡ꼶һЩӣһﱡĲӣ߬һȭͷͷСӷɻڴ˰ôõ·©Ҳ±˴ȥ
ﱡæģۣۡǱң
Ǳһ֣ɽСǰپƷ˲á
ǰɽŵ֡
ҲĬЩѿ
ﱡ֪ҪôǱ硣
ǱСл˵ǻȥھƣ
˽
*
ɽһСɽ˵Ϊɽࡣ˵СΪɽվһҪȥҪЩġ
ɽһصɽУһЩƷԼʮˡ
ﱡЩĹкӪмǧֻ֣Щ𣿡
Ǳ粻˵û˸һش
ǱȻȻأ
ȻԶߣΪλҪﱡü
ǱǴδԶߡ
δﱡȻ뵽ʲôЩʱٵˣǣ
ǱǿͷṤ׬Щѣδɹݵ顣
ﱡʣԾˡ
Ǳصʿ
õĵ
Ǳ翴˰ѵ˹ѵݸﱡڱ
Ȼﱡӹϸ鿴һ
վٸ̵ľȻʿ
͵ûʵʵ˵⼸Ҳػ˲ЩšڱĹٵˡ
ͻЩʿڱǧ
ԼڲƭЩ˵ĿΪΣ
Ѳɡ
׷Щűʿ˭ģ
ҽ˽ж
ɣһ涫۰ʧ߼¶ǳ¡˻ɣԳҵ
ԭˣͶЩűʿġǳֱֲ˵ֻЩȥܹĿġ
ɣ⵽ײǶɸĲ£ʱ޹ʸ١
ﱡĿǱϣб⡣
ϽǮִӻͳһŰƱһݸǱ磺Ǳ磬ЩǮš
ǱԲ۾ƴǵ򲻿ɣôԵ޹Ǯ
ﱡǮǱǱ磬ȱƴǣǡҾҪаҵһЩ飬ҲҪǮǣȻҪǮ£˭Ǹأ
Ǳͷ˿ﱡǮһٶӣù١Ǳͷ˿ĵ֣²塣
Źһ¡мǲġ
ﱡЩǮԸĵץҩ
뵽Ǳ㲻ƴǣǮȭʵȥʲô
ﱡǱǮһȺ˻δĽݣԼǵ˼©̫ԣǽе
ڿǱƺûжٵ⡣
ﱡ˳Ŀ⣬Ǳ磬ϣǰҵˡ
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գ鷿ǰﱡڵֵͱҴææǰݼۡ
Ϳﱡͣס˽ŲЩǵ
ﱡӣͱȭ΢΢һȻص˵ͷ
ǵͷǸмػһֱۣ鷿ȥһᣬ㴫
ﱡر۾
ôܲŭأЩڲ˽ı޲۴һϢͼı
Ǹȥ˱ȨȥϾոϾġ۹ӪѾƿӪ
ʧϾ˽ԻǧҲƾʧ˵ͼıŻû˲˰ɡ
ЩıձϽ£Ϊı֤
ʱһѪȷ磡
飬
жԲߣΪβ֣
֪˷δ¾ôȥǣߣһȰǰġš١
㵽Ĵ
㣬ıʲôأ
ǡ˵Ǹ߿һۡ
ʵ㣬޼ƿʩ
һµʱõͰȻ𣬹ۡЩﱡıǼ⡣ȥӣֻаѩ¡

գδѩһ£пļȴһѩⳡѩҪڸʲôһ㣬ƮȻ
*
ƫˮիҲæһţĽ£ñϨĵ
ڴǰһ飬ʣѩءȻó
īһֽȻС㣬㿴ֻӡȤ
ӣ࿴ݶֻѩ֮УȷʵֻͣڷһֻǴɫұһֻǴɫֻһΡ
࿴ã簮īͷˣֻӡѩضǸٻ޵ĺʱڡ
л˵
쿪ľ ~߳ǻˣÿң 
Vңңڣ
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71 
ʻ
ϽյͲıʱ, 𾪡
δع̲ʢݱѾڴԺſڵȺˡвãϢһͱ̫ӵ֪, ʢ޷ǾҪʵı֮
һ򲻳ܵ, ̫ӵͱ˵̬, ʵ
ǣЩ֤, ȷǲݺӡ
֣ʾʢݽ
ʢݲŹһһλ꼶СȴǹٳϺꡣ˴Ժʢݣǹһ񣺡ˡ
ϱֻ, ȴҲ
ʢҲ, ֻߵ, ӵıʵЩǳ½֤ݣ
֤ݣüʢ˺γԣ
ʢԲϲ, Цѵ˾òǣ
źӣɫ鰸ϰҴµ飬˽ͱıһؼ֤֤, һûСЩͭ, ֤ʲôЩȷǱӪı缸ǰ뿪˱Ӫ, ȥϾλ˽Եı
ʢЦЦڱ֮, ôʱ, ǻŪһЩҲûʲôʸı˰ɣо̣δСβǱжѡ֪ΪΣһٶӵʱأ
ۿȥǰȻʢ˶˵ˣ˭ھӪʮĶ׶һٵŪЩôܿ϶ЩŪģ֮Ūͼʵı
ʢǰ̫ӣƫƫֲı¡
ֻףͷ֮Ҹ˳⣿
ü˵
ʢͷڴⲽеߴǵĴʷӪӴȥľʦڡӣ˿ԴߵˡߵľʦϾĽ춼ץһһϼʡܲһ֪ɣ
ü⵹Ǹ⡣
̫һı¼˼׾졣ǲ׽̫ӣЩǵĹʣ̫ӵ޷ҵġ
һͷˡ
ı±ͺ΢˵ȻǵٲЩ߼޻
ѾõĳѾıϢľͲܹ׶ϰ׾ͱ˵ǹʹ
ʢôһ˵ϾÿУԵľʦϾҪؾЩоԨ
ȻǴʣǱȻػҲǶʵľѺ
԰̲Ŀ£ҹ̻صʱʮ졣
ʱϰԨڲ඼ѾĥѪģһ·ֻ߲ܻȥ¡
ϲżʣڴʰ˼ֵϢӣðסš
˾ȻҪټ˾ˣſԿ
Ԩסһð֪һ·ܼ࣬ǰ׼ҩࡣ
ݸԨһƿὫЩҩɡеð
Ԩӹҩƿ۵ǣ´ǻ˽ԳӪɡ
һ߸Լҩһ߻صӦǵġ
ɣΪǴ´ǱԨһ;ЩΡ
ͣеĶ˼Ƭ̣صд´ǵɡʵʱ򣬱֪ˡ˼档
Ԩһ۰ֻĵȻ꣬ĲûԵɵö˼֡˼ȦҪŶȴأȥֻա
Ԩǰ̾Ǳ˸ˡ
Цˣȷ˻Ǻöˡ⵹ǻޱԸǣůԳԡǷ֮ˣǶ˽ֻ̡ڹõʱ򣬾Ͳ˵ˡ
Ԩͷ׼
ڿϣ̣ǻһҪ񣬲ϢɣὫ
һҹ޻˵
˶֪ԷȻ۾û˯š
*
ڶ峿ſԨ࣬ĸͷһ̲ˡһù֮󣬱㱻š
ŵǴϣŵ̲ʢݣҲʷԪ
ɨһ¼ˡ
˰֮⣬ȫǹšֻйٲùݡ
ɤӣʵںδǿ֪
Ԩ˷׷׻ػ֪
ֻа˵Ŀڰϣپʦػ˵֪ˣ
ȭ񣺡֪˵
ϻδѣһԵʢȴѾͲסôĵӣʻв֮
ʢݣصǵӴǵСŲ˵֮ǰּй¶ߣɱ⡣
飿Ϸ򻹴δ˻ۡνľ飬Ǵ˽ԻǧΧŻ׼ıɣʢݻĿԲ
ı
¹ŵ佫׷̧ͷϵĴʷ˽һ£ͬʢ仰ġ
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ü֣۰ЩʱѼ֤ø
ӹ֤ݣü˱뻧÷ţ˱ʷĹʣ鷿֮ʱļ¼ﱡ̲ʹǰȥ鱱֮µԼһ֤Ｘǧѿڱġʸ
ֻ˲䣬;к˷޷赲
ڲʶΪǻʻǴ¶Ǿ
˽ԳӪ伣Ѿһ򵥵ľӣɾͿİӡ˽ͱͼıĴ
ٴ̧ͷϵˡѹλ٣Ǵ¡̲ʷ
ֻıĴ󰸲ֵ˾󰡣
ϿŰ㵵ı飬˵˵Ƥ֮ࡣ֪ʵ
ľͷһ㣬ЩݻȥͷĬãſڵԩ´δй֮ġԩ
ʢݱһŭɶ飬ȴǺķӦߵľʦ粵黹ƽˡ
žһľԩЩ֤֣㻹˵ԩ˵ںδǲѾڣʱ׼ı
ԩ
ϻشʢݵ⣬ֱԩ
ϴδ˹ִ֮ˣεؿһԵ۵پʦӦ֪㲻˵µ䡣µĴҲǳ֪ʲôЩ˵ˡ
ͫ׽һҵ飬޴ӱ粵ֻüͷµľҲ˵
һĹǲƺӲģʢݿۣһǩȴʮ壡˵˵
л˵
ţƳʱרʷ˵ĵطôдd(^_^o)


72 
նס
ǩ, ̧һ̳ʣȰ첲ֵ̹ԡ
ֹ, ɫס
һߵԨ֪ӵȭλˣ꽨֮ʼû֮򲻵ã򲻵ð
򲻵ãʢЦ, ڤ粻, д򲻵֮Ұס򣡡
ˣɣΥ
ԨŬȡ, Ѿҧһᣬ۾Լ˳ϣὫ˵档ϸҶٰӣҶǾ仰, ûв֮, ûͼıµ, Ǿ˵
ϵȻ֪Ԩ˵е, ̲йĶˡ
Ͼ¹ı
в̣ŰȰ֮⣺پʦ߶, սұۡҪ, ͱıһǶЩߵľʦҲ, Ҳ, ǶҪģ㲻Լ, ҲҪЩһֵǰɣ
ſڳϵһʶ̧ͷȥߵԨһн졣
ֻԨһ˽Ǽֱع£ͷ治ɫ
ʱ䣬شޱȸӲΪˣеǾɽڻδľҲءΪԩġǹǵзһ˵ǣ
Ӳʢֺȵ򣡡
žž¡
ֻԼеϢ˳ѡҹҩĴȸ˲ǶϷ֮ʹȫ
ġ塭֮һһµš
һüͷ϶ĺһһεµڵذϾ۳һСˮ̲ҧأŹԼһ/
Ԩһڱϲٿ׷ײͷȥֻһһ¹ϣѾѪģ֮
ʢݿŵ佫ʵǵ治֪ӵ٣
Ԩһ˱ηɿһӲΪ±粵Ϊкβɣ
ԨһЩҪѿڶ˭֪ѾӳϹ֮Ѫܡ
ԨҲ˲˵æȥ
ѹסԨ֣˵Ҫηһԡһ壬ϣûӣҲûͼı
ʢ̡
ϵȴʢӦԼѾԽˡ
ǰסϡ
ûֹʢ̣ǾðûôӲĹȥӵ١
ʮӲɲ˵ǡ
ûбֳȴǶ԰һƬ֣ߵˣһʦôֵˣ˾͸ʲʲô˰ɣ
ԥҪμ֮ʱſڴڹٵĺ̫Ӽݵ
λ̫٣վһߣſھϹ
Ƭ̫֮Žɫ롣֮ģһԵĺϢϢ·ԵմȾɢѪ֮ζ
㿴ſڵϣȸѪİڵһڽӵĿ⡣ϹûκЦЦ
ͷʵˣˣ
ϻصپʦƺ֪ӵ٣κ̣ҲԸ͸¶
ֱеλ£׼Ӧԡ
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Ӳģһ̷ƫƫйʮѾΥ̷»ᱻЩй״
俴ϣ˲޲˰ɣ
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һ赭дȻ̣ŶԸλϾ̿ɺã
Ԩһţ׷ŭɶ̧ͷ
ȥЦսϣ֮ؽΪ˱Ҳõİգ
Ԩ˵ʲôס֣Ҫŭ䡣
۾䣿ҲԡһԣЩĽ飬ǲôβɴݣˣλʮ壬پʦһ̡ͬ
ʮ壡
һѵ̧ͷὫǴʼն֪µ٣֮УΪҪ̣
ϣػص˵֪Ͳ֪ЩϾ飬ʧôһ㶼֪֪˵֪ҺΣ
ֹסط
ʮ壬Щٺãܳŵùʮ塣Ͼв˵䡣
ôؽɴҪ
پʦԨڰ֮ʱİ֣ʮ壬ܵס
Ԩ仰һΪʹ纣ˮһӿ
۾Ҫβƾ֣
ϵ֤ȷ䣬ڱͱʵ顣ɣɱȥʹ͵˱ǴӺ˵
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᲻ѣ֪ߵʱûԤϵľ档
ԭ̫ӵֶΡ
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ͣһŽĺȻɳҪȥ鿴Ԩǵơ
˵Ȼ򣬲ǾƵնʾڰɡ
ʲô
˽Ǵ󺧣׷̧ͷ


73 
ıġ
϶ͷܺ, ӻδЩˡ
˻ȥЩıĵ𣡼Ȼǲ˵, ǱǵƳ飡
վⲽԨǰ, ĵ˵ٷ, Ǳʵ뿪ӪǱʵıҪ, ܶˡؿҲԹ˭ϾԼѡ˱ΪԼѡǡ
վɨŵңҵҪ, , Ƿֵùǧ
ǵĶ
㶵ؿȥıӰ, δˡԡġƬ֮ǵΪ˱Ƴĵܵ, С
һߵϰԳһּȻ̫µģֻӡĳ˵Ѿû̫Ĺϵˡ
һֱ׶ϰ, ּ̫
̫ӵһŹ, һǶϲĶӡ
ⰸӽһʼ۾ûϡ
һֱŲ, ̫ӵһᰴβס, ³
̫ӵּ, ˯հȾˡ
*
ûȷʱ䣬Ԩұ˴µĵһˣ˰ӣֻſš
һֱüûչ
Ԩһӣ׷װοͽ֮⡣ɳڶͷ̨Ǹûκ
λաµ䣬ġ
Ԩڰֵ²ѹ͹ˡ˲֪ǻ֪һھӪס˼£δйŴսǳǰһ̰ģôˣµ뿪ǱƲѵġ
һԵĽҲǸ͡
Ԩеǣ͹ˡûôҪ̫ڵ۶ٹ̣¾ͨı£ôûκ˾Ͱ̫Ӱ⵹е·ϱȻҪѪƽ·ǵԻ峤־ðǡҲ
Ὣ
֪Ҫ˵ʲô佫Щһֱѹţδ뿪Ͼ벽ʱǺôܻš
뿪ϾսȴȻӲв
ǲѵͷڳŹ̡ʱ֣ǰ¼кأ
ɾ£ҲΪԼһġ
ûԵɵΣðڡ
عԨһнߵݣȪ·飬µ
*
鷿ڣһżëţ΢΢
󣺡δ¹ǣȻ˽ԿѺϾ˧ָʹ
վһԵͩҲĬ
󵽵Ǹ֮ãֻƬ̵ػңסϢص£ʱǾΪ֪Ӫ˽ӣϾа֮ﱻٻأǲŸҶҰģɣҶϾ߷һȹ̣жʮСսôķʲô޴˻Ϊ֮ӦȲǰıһ
Цһʱ㻹˵Ȼ˵ֻ
ͷ£Ȱڡʱ˿̱ӦҰģӪľʦϾ쾡Ѻڰ
۾˾Ǳǲʲô
Ѵ֤ݣݸ졣˰ϡ
˵Щ֤֤ܰػġǴʱ˿̻ϾͬıȨǶǾٹΣӣ
ۿʰ¼ʱȻˣߵľʦԸ̣ҲԸ˵䡣Ͼһ֪
̧ɱ⽵٣˼ǣЩƵնʾڡǱΧıʱ򲻱ңҲͶܲҲ޷Щ컹ôӲûֱĿ־壬ǲѧԵġ
üãתͩʵΪΣ
ͩû뵽ۻתʶؿֻҲֻǶݵ֮ͩǰһǳʱ֣÷ǳ취Ϊ̫ӵ˼޲
а֮ͩãǱѧǿȨͷˡ
ͩ⻰˵꣬תһ²̫ӵ½󡣡
üĵ˵
ֱͩӣ֪̫ӵһ٣ɱˣʳܵ䡣
к𣿡ʡ
ͩش𣺡̫ӵ£˶˵һöûеİɣʵҪĻʳܵ䡣Ͼǻ˵ϻ۵ľʦңߵĽļȣһ޲ߣֻԴУ
ͩ⻰Ҳɵô
оٱı֮⣬Ϊ⼸С
Զ׼ġ
ͩĵƺбķʳܵ䣿
ͩһѹסԼķʹصʹ飬Ī𡣶ϾĽǻǺǵעٸӲģǣ벻ᣬͬ봺ıһ㣬˲ѡ
Ǻˣͩ˵ô֪Ӧô
üͷҲͬЩƵնף
ͩͷ£˵ǳʱ֣÷ǳ취
ۿͩ룬Լһĵĸӣ֮ǰȻҲһ̽ĵı¡
ͩԣŵ˼ЩӵĳɳѾ
ſȥõĽְɣ
ȥɡۿ󣬵Ĭİ취
һ㶣δӦһԸĸףȻô׵ͬİ취ԭ׼һӵĻҲûбҪ˵ˡ
ʱ˿̣һ㶼ڰͩ롶¡
֪ٻͩƺѾЩˡڴٳͱıһҪá
ףƺýȥͩĻ
˷ܵȲ˳鷿
ͩл˵ȴ־޻˵
̫ͩȥıӰòףΪ̫飬δؾһ¡
۳ĬţĦͩ仰
󣬵ͻˣ̸һְա
*
̫ӻ˶顣һһ֮ɡ
л˵ʲô˵ı˵£
ͷӣ̫ƺ볤ҵ
ҵ
û뵽ľȻǹѩ飬Щ¡
˵ǣ빬Ů˵峿ҹ֮ȥ
˼˿ȥҵʲô𣿡
ҡͷ̫˸ţֻ֦
΢У֪ˣȥ¡
񣬱ҴҳֱԺ


74 
尾
鷿ⲽ, ˼붼벻ѩƵ볤ҵɡ⺰ȥ֦Ҵ
Ӧһ뿪ˡ
ûһ鷿űƿ֦ΨΨŵŵؽ鷿, š֧ѽһˣŵһ¹˵ϡ
, Ų, ñɫĲǻţײ
ѹֵ֦Χ, С֦ڵϣͷŵأͷϵϸȻʪ˵ذ塣
ȻеĲǶڲ豭ϣһŵ֦һ顣
֦ʵ֪̫ӵūΪ£
Ҳżػ, ֻǰѲյ, Ƶ֦ǰ, £͵ס֦°, ʵ̫ȥҵ
֦ҿ󣬸һش
֪ѩȥ˶ãҲ֪֪֮ʲô, Ȱѩ, κιѩȫϡ
֦°ͱۣȴҲɡ
֦ػ, ־һƴ֦ϣ澣
֦һ, ˲ϵʹ, ˻ʵʵصͷš
֦ЦһǳˣʻҲˡ
֦ͷ۾޻˵
ѩŮһԣŭģתϵֽƾҪ֦ȥ㣬ȴ鷿űˡ顱һƿ
£ֱңΪҵŮѩ󲽿֦ǰ棬۾ضϵǷֽ
ϴ˲ɢ֮󣬹ѩһֱƲ˼ճͽһˣȴ޹鷿
Щ⧲
ȻǲѩŻ֦ʻùѩԣòʧ
ֽһ漴Ż˵볤ҵ
ѩЦһҵʲô飬ǵõ˶ŭ
ûʲôˣ
ѩ֦ӵǵѪص֪ǵ˭˵ģƶغԼۿһ㡣

û뵽ѩ仰
̫ôһ档ȷʵû볤ҵ϶ǲһѱǲȥ֤ҲҾô
ѩȥ֦ߵѪĨת󣺡ȷʵȥˡΣ
üȥʲôˣ
˵ȥֻϾ㣬𣿡ѩ۾Ϸʡ
治ѩ仰١
ĬƬ̣зáֻΪβȥã
ѩģ細Ĵѩһ㣬ľ
Ƿһ˿Ц⣺ңϲҵǿźϻ
Ūѩ뷨ˡ
ѩڵΪûκ߼Уû߼оʹ޷ӦڵĹѩ
󳤳سһϲϻ˾Ժһš
ѩĻ֪ҵǿźϻ𣿡
΢΢һ㶣֪
ѩѾ˲ѩʪһΪ˵Ʋͻ۾
ףᣬ̧ͷʱѾǰǸׯģˡ²ϲȥҵҲȥ˱ǡ檸ˡ
˵֦꣬뿪鷿
ŹѩȥıӰãüƱøý
Լŭı֡
Ȼ䣬תϵĲյ˵ϡòְϱīֽɢһأ鷿ǽ塣
*
ԺˣͣŴ½
µͨУһ߸ˣ̣԰ʱ䡣
ȻнŲ
һ飬ηڴֻһȺУֱǵη
Щ˻δηǰѾ˵
Ԩţæ̧ͷ
ֻһ˼ҹ׾ǰİϡ
ңǸַľʵǰǶڷ϶Уؿ谵η档
Ԩ˲ʹܵǰץסļ򣺡㣡
۾΢죬ԼǵӣɵصĵǷʲôΪλᵽΪλᱻؽµĵΣ
Ԩ֪Ҫôشֻܱ۾ҡͷ
ˣͷŬؿŬҪԼ׵Ľǣȴһϲӵı顣
ȺˣǸһȻ֮ɫǡ
·һֻסе´档
Ȼһֽʹơɱġ
̫ɱģ
ЩϾǣ̷Ҳκ
ڰЩеη塣
ЩѾõʱȻ¶η֮ɫˣô뿪ԼˡϾأΪһϣ֮⡣
۱߹μ࣬Ƕʮһյء
Ϊ֪ػĲǶ۹۶ԺĶǡ
ЩѾûг·ˣǵĶӻС
пƾ٣ǵļסǵĸײı浳۴̡ڸǣЩԺһûнֵŬ
ǰһεҲһ޲ߡ
ҪԵĵˣȻֶΣĥһȺ
ȻЩµ˷׷׹£ײҪôִֻлţܹףǲܹžۡ
ٽĬĬػͷ
ȴֻܵͷһԲ
ʱ䲻Щ˼Լĸף໰Ҫ˵ϸϸԼױԭίѾη
ףסһ취ġ
ڼ䣬ңңشԨԾ֣Ҫץסʲôһ㣬ȴץ˸ա
۵㯡
ĽţЩռԼδ˵Ľǣ׷תͷ˰ǰ
پʦĩĩ
˵ʲôأԨǰһסĽ졣
̧ޱȱ˶̵ʵὫѵͲŶ࿴һ̫ӲҪµ䣬ˣο࡭οˮǵĶˮ
Ԩû뵽ԼʮսѣȻΪɶ󵹸ꡣ
Ὣ㲻ÿ
Ԩü·Ʒڵء
ɨһۣԨλһû̫ӴǶɡ
һʸλһ仰֪λǷ񻹼ǵãξĿΪΣ
˽һ㶣ͷĬ
л˵
ָһ㣬ܳ֡


75 
Ȱ˵
λӪ, ׷ǱὫûɣǰ徽˲䵹̨, 룬񾡹ءǰ, ̫ԴΪ, ѱ߾ĶŮ۶жԺ飬ŮڹڳΪŮ١˽־̫, ǹˣҲ̫ӡΪǣųλھĶӣҲΪ˲켺ȷԼٵǴ󱦡
̾һ£λǻԳ»öݵ顣ɸλ, ̫вһⳡı, ̫Ӽλ֮, ˭ܱ֤ǰξɲ갡¼Ѿȥ˰꣡Ѿ, ۹ÿﶼţǵλܱã̫֪ЩŵĽǶ಻Ҫǻ֮󳯾ȶ, ͱȻЩ˸Ͼɱ, 󻼡ʱ򣬸λõȻǼ
ء
Ѫ, һ˵֮, Ȼ˳
ǵ, ˵ûǳ٣õĲǶ๶Ӳдʱѡ
̫ӵһϧԼĶŮ֮á
ǵĶʱ̽
ɱİ̫Ҫɱġ
ǱɶȰοļգ̫ӻǵŮ̽Ҫλʲôֻλػһϣ֮⡣²ΪԼҲҪΪǾһͬǡڴˣлλˡ
ԨüĬãʰپʦֻһ仰ʡ
ת򣬹£Ԩȭһ񣺡ʡ
Ԩһǰоʦԣɻ
ףȻλϸ룬ԣȻ֡
⻰һ㶡
Գ˼ãתζ̶һŰ
*
ļգԣλŮ
˽Ǳһʹޣп˶ⶡȴû˵䣬Щżˡ
磬ͷĹģͷ˿µϦҪȥߡ
ʵҪȥδҪǰȥ֪ͨ𣿡
һڲȥĵǷڸϣͨ
幪£Ƭ̾ͻˣѾ뿪˺Ժ˱ݴ͵լӡ
լӣ
ի
۾Ȼլӡ
Ŀɢ׷ʲô㲻ţȥųˡ
ǵãիǶϲһլӡΪľǽõĽʦƣʹܽſڵǶġ
ʱŽɡ
լԽԺ󣬾ûȥ
ɻΪ˲ƣֱԻʺһ֪լӣԭΪĸ
ΪĸǽŮӡ
꣬լӱ㻽ի
ͩ۲ѹﾰõĻ͸Ϣĵطְѹ⾰õլӸ
һʱ䣬һֹסӿͩ£һ¶ˡ
իʳǺܽ
˹ţֻҪһӣͿԵ
ǰߵիСͩߵĽīȾš⣬
ԹԵߣ
īȾϻص鷿̫ӵ롣
īȾǰ·
Ȿ͸լӣȻ续ʫĵطͥԺɽˮˮ裬ǰǽߡӰҡҷ㡣ľߘȫӰ֮УֻһؽǡĽŮһ㣬߽ȥ޷һ÷ݡ
ʹÿԺȣй֮޲
ֹסЦԳԼʱĴһ˿Թһˮѿһ㣬ڷ
ͩԽϻһֱŵֻīȾټիҲǴӻʹʱɹġ
ЩǹģīȾ󣬷׷׹ͷ̫ӵ¹ȥ
ԶԶؿһ·Сȥͩ鷿ͩűʣϸϸعգĿתض±ʵĵطص֪ˣ衢Ĺ
Ӧȥ㵽ˡ
īȾҪͨȴ˻֣īȾǷ⡣
˽Ųתżͩīɫ䳤ۣһֻһͷһ봹ؿڣζζ
ⲽͩİǰֻϸϸһҶɣ֦
ͩϸûκηӦԣͩһɣ֦ꡣ
һʹɣͩسһ̧ͷſѾڰǰվãЩֵ̿طеıʣˣΪβͨһ
ͩ˵ձ׼ְ˰ڵ΢Уùף˰ɡ
ͩף⣺īȾȥĹ󣬵ͻ
תǰ˼ҿʵԺֵ빤ʲôѴ
ͩصŸոտʼԺڲ³̡ȤȿʼһЩܼ顣伮ٲҪЩͼܱһЩӦֵȻš
ͷۣ
ͩվڰǰ󷢻
ͩãЩ˻ɿڣĵıƺܳС
ͩݸǵʴȣûжʱ䣬Ǿûһˡ
ĵܲ˵ɱЩ˲Ŀ𣿡΢С
ͩͷɱ˲ĿģЩʱ򣬹ˣɱ˱Ŀˡ
ͩ˼ĬʱīȾߵŶ룬յһЩģϣ˳ȥ
ͩǰϵĲ𣬵ݸ󣺡Ѿ̳֮ϱһҡ֣ܳϾʲܵ٣Ҳƾ˷ջһġߣ±Ըɱ֮죬±Ⲣͻ޷Ǿǲ˵͢ٻЩʱȥ¶ѡ
˳ˮۡթǺãթҲʧ˼𣿡ӹյһڡ
ͩͷЩǸжǼ˸һ档
ЦЦ̧ͩ׵ܡ
ͩܵĸǻܵĸڣֻһͼıĻӡݡ
ͩһºı飬·ĽκγȽꡣ
ȻͩȴҲ޷ϱľ
ٵʱͩҲ͸һѶһ޶ڸԼ׵ܵܺ
ͩƺϲԼ׵ܵܡ
׻Թ̸Ǽ°ɣ
¾ĸͩŵĵطҲûô˳ͩ⡣
һ룬࣬վһȥˡ
ͩ󣺡͵¡
һͩվիſڣؿʧķ


76 

īȾɻظͩ, վ̲סҿһΧûˣʵǺ⣿
ͩòŻص˳ƶΪѡ
¾Ĳɥڴ𣿡
ͩͷ, īȾѵûκЦ⡣Ҳش, ֻ˦˦ӣ, ȥ游
*
ն׵̫ܿ͵˴µηԨλ̫ʱһߵ
紺Ӧ︴, Щʱǳڰѩ֮С
˭ĻĻصĲ԰ףһ֮
³գ˸ȥһٷʢзо⣬еĹء
Ԩڷǰһþƺò, ȴûһ˶ӡ
ǰ룺лλȫӦӦ, Լͷһ롣
Ԩƺ, ԼһȰο֮⣺ȻǶһ, ͲҪˡһǧȺóԺãֵܼһ·
˵գԨҲһơ
ùƺ, Ҳ, ֱӶžƺ
׻˵Ⱦ׳ھ¶, ˱ҲǸΨΨŵŵ֮һͨưǰĺþƺ˶
ʱնס
̷ر㱻ѹ˽ڳµն̨ϡ
̨аձڲԶָָ, СЩѹ̨֮ϵˡ
̨߼ն̨, ŵ̲ʢݡ
쵽ʱֻ룬ȴ˷֮⡣̨֮ϵϾǣ׷ҡͷкᣬǻȥ
ţҲҪ֣ŭţҵԩģûзΪҪնΪҪնʢˣҲǲ
ʢȫֻ˫ֳŲ̋ؿ
ʢȫʱѪӿŽǵͨһ£в죬кԿ֤ҵر߹ʮ꣬δиղһĪеҪѱ߹ڣڣѲɣǰźЩһеӢ껹𣿡

ʢݼ֪صǰ¼ֹĿ˲Զһ֮¡
һ¥ƹݡ¥һż泯̳ż䴰󿪣һΡɽһ
ʢ֪Գŵļɻ䣬ǳС̳ٲ죬һ̳̣
Ԩæֹȥ
ΪǲԼ⣡ʲôͼıҲţ
̳֮һƬӣĿȥԨһͺ޵ûǿȨ֮£ûа취ֻܱĿ
̨Ƿ׷׹£˾Լ
һʱ䷨֮ҳһ࣬ʢݲֻǿеָ硣
һܼ尾̡
ǲԼΣҲҪ游һ˵̨֮ϵǣȴѾ⣬
˸ŷĽţࡣ
ʱʢֱߵǩ
ǿŴնǩڿзڣеĴ󵶣׼̡
̨µǼ״塣
ǲͷˣ׷ȭͷȥһ˴ڵء

ǵ˻ͼֹµĵ档
ֻаȻ̩ر۾
ಡһһƿ֮дֱӴǼصǩֱֱͻʢݰ̨
ǩһֻʸʢǰ֮ϣֻһûšʢݾδ֪ؿǰһֻٲļʸ۾ɵֱֱ˭̣
֮һƥ˻
۾
׵ˣ\һƥѪɫսΧɫĲѩȾ죬ɹâڱƶ뷲һ㣬һּףһֳֹһס֣ŭĿżն̨ϵʢݡ
ʢһ㶣ʶվֱָˡ
δڣȻʱ伣ض顣
£
̨֮Ԩһ˿oһ㣬׷ϲ
ǵûǣ֮ʳ֣ˡ
Ȼ٣ΧȻ£Խ˵Ŀ⣬ߵն̨ǰͷʢݣˣ
ʢݴδһˣӱЩСĻҪ£ɫĿȴΪϵװΣ޶˵һֲµӢ
һ˵ǣڶ¥֮ϵǸȨһ㣬ʢݽԭأ֪Ǻá
Ƭ֮󣬴ӳΧĴСӿΧȦ֮ڡֿһ·һŽĻӻ롣
ˣ˸ֶþòܡ
תۿòǷ̫ӵ¡
о֮ɫݼš
ԹԵ󣺡̫ӵΪοѺϾ
ɨһ̨صΪڱͱϾ˽ԳӪ¡
ü
鲻˵˵گ޹ӡ˾ضǲҲˡûа취ų²ߡⲻ޶˵سˣӦʲôƵġţ̲֮У󡣡
˵ձнǰҪѺ顣
ɨһۣµı˪ǵصϯЩ˪һֻʸЩķǶԭزǰһ
黺󣺡ȻҲ̫ӵµĿģ޹ѺǷԷˣ
ͷЦ·ʲôЦһ㡣
ǰһѹܰҿ㻹ûŪڵĴڵ㣬ʲôʸҽҪɱҪУ˾ᡣҺθɣ
߻ᵱһȾǰ֮ȫ˦˦ùûʡ
ףĵ硭㵱Ҫ
ܣ㱱ͱ˽˱ͼı£Բ˵ȡ˾µΣҵҲΪ㡣ζЦţȻйۡ
һȻģжϵּ빭ڵϣȻȡЯǰɫĽãݸ̫ӣ磬ѽšʱұضȥֻء
֪鲻ĽӹȻһЦԸᡣ
˵գͷҲصԼŽ̲ȥ
ˡ㡱ȻҲûôˡȻЩɵ׻ۡ
Ϊıն׵ҲˣⰸӱδѾУôЩСϣЩ£Ҳ˴š
ǰǾ͸һ̲ĵ֮С
±δȥʪĵһ㡣
Լ߽ηЩɲݵؿǽڣһƣӡ
ԨǱη
ͷդ֣̿Ϊξˣ
ۣ棺֪Ǳ̲ߣ͸ϻˡ
ϾǱأæʡ
ƣǺͷǽڣ˵
ˣпһ¡
طڵϣĿЩ͡
л˵
飺ȿȣõˣҷˣɽˡ


77 
š
Ԩ鲻˵, ƺǳƣӣôţѹʰپʦ, Ǻ⣿
ҡͷԨһнǳĬ
һ޷˵Ϣ, Ƿ·׼ѿ, һ֮ȫɱȻϲ, ʵѾûκ
ȻнŲỺأӯӯ
˵ĿηſڵĿȥһŰµӣһӣһܴİ, ηſͣ
Ӱ￴ȥ, ˾ȻŲ, ӭŵΨһƵĻ⣬һ˵ů
۾, ǰů֮Щʣʲôס޷
ǰӿò, ůһڵ죺ˡ
òǰߵķŴ, Ȼ˳ȥ
Ӵóһ̺ӣȥָǰɡ
˷Ըȥһ߰еİ, ̺ӷָ˰Ԩˡ
ֱ, Ҫ, ӿʾȻ߹ȥ°е̺Ӹϣʪ
죬һֳ
黽λֳ֪˵ݣæȭշ
ͩعͷ΢΢һЦЦ⿴飬̫Ѹݣձ˾󡣡
ͷţ֪ˡ
ͩãվ㡭Сġ
˵ͷ۾
ͩҲٶ໰ηԨһѪյ·ܿˡ
ȰӦͩѾʧ֮
Ԩ
Ϊʱ㿴Ļͩ̽࣬ʲôתֻͩ˼ë̺ˡ
ǵ飬ǿǽڣë̺۾·˯һ㣬һ
ǰߵĶ꣬ҲŪڵˡ
һҹ飬˽һҹߡ
峿š
һ࣬һͷ棬ˡ
ۣ˿ЩɵһЦ̲ξȻôɾķ
æסߵ˽ʳѶ˻ȥҡҡͷ
ԨЩɵؿ飬ŷ֣ηʼˮʳһŶû
ʱ˿촽ЩɵƤƤߵɫտĻҪ԰ס
Ԩüʰپʦǲǻδɫ̫á
飬üãҡͷҲ֪Լҹ̵ĸϻ۵ġ
*
˾ڳʱ
ڴµŽС
ǵʱ֮ŵǴϣǼ󰸵̲ʢʷԪ
佫ݣվ
ɨһֻۣ졢䡢̲ʷ
㳷ȥӣվʡ
Ҫʲô۴Ƕӡûж۵گȥӵݱΪˣȻ
֮󣬴俴󣺡Ȼ̫ӵ⻰̫ӵʰɡ
Ȼ֪Ϻ˼Ҳ׷
Դִ飬˶֮˷ܵһҹδߡʱ̲ء
κսɳ꣬иˣɴδΣȻջرȨĵ֮ⲢӰԸ顣
ڳһʹļ׵ģܣΪλ
̧֪˺£Ҫ̫Ӹʦڣ
󾪣ʾߵЩʱմĶ˹ȥ
ӹһһӣ󣺡Ǻ⣿
ͱ֮£ϲϣ
أᣬǱӦʵġ
ЦֻӦ࣬ûǰǧˣԼ£á
Ŀ⣬ٻػ·Ĭһ㡣
ֻԼʤȯգҪʤ׷ʵϾӪΪ޹ʧΪʧ֮бӦϾɱе㣬ΪպȻǲǾԼձȨͿĴ죬ɳȴ治飡
΢Уֱֱֻض󣬲κα⡣
ֻ޷Բ˵ֱߵľľžһȥڳˣһ㶡
¡üҪ˵ʲô
΢΢Ŀֹ˰һӱĻؿڣ޷³ɵЩйصͷ
龲󣺡̫ӵҪҶˣ
ݳһضģܣ̫ʧˡ㣬Ȼ˴治飡֪Ϊ£ͷ
鿴졣
ֻ΢΢ص˵ͷ֤ʵ˶ͷص顣
վΧ˾٣ʵͼı߸õ
üһԲ̲ʢҾصն
ְĿϣܣԼд״ԭգ
˵գѱīֽõǰֻǵһЩīֽ⣬ֿ󣺡̫ӵҪдＺ飿
ⲽߣһӣѹֻˣҲȥ¸ǰ鰡ֻһʱͿͷϣĪɱ֮
Ц󣺡˵ǻҪл̫ӵ¸˺·
һЦֵһ໥Ӧõġ
ȫġ⡱ϣ̲飺ʢһ䣬ıﷸõ
ʢһ£ȭصµĻıﷸͬı棬ն
鿴󣺡̫ӵ£ҽı棬ңҲͬı棬ҲҪһȥնġ
⻰˵üɣĶȴǾܾܾдＺ飡
鲻֪ôü죬˲䱻ڱһ㣺ܣҪʶô
ЦˣЦǲѩΪ֮һʶôǰҲڴ֮ϲ˱µӣһȥˡ
ҧгݣ㵱
̫ӵֵΣüʵ
û뵽Ȼ»еŭⲻɵͬһ㷭Ϣ
תصϣϵǩɭȻұһ̣ȻдＺ飬ȻΪԼû
ȻصȻ
ǩ׵űߣˣ̣ȴʮ壡
Ȼ¾һЩ͢ҪԱɵûı永̫Ҫ飬ϵһ۷׷
еǰһȴɢϢס
һʱ߾˭ҲҶ
״һЩ۶˰ȻҶԻ̡繬Щû̫еӡ
û˸Ҷ飬ⰸҪô


78 
ȳ
쵹Ǻܿ, һ̫ӵ£˾ֻǸ顣Ȼ̫ӵ¾ðѾ, 硭·ա
ɨһ죬˹߻ǰ, Ƕ, ҲһҪ˾Ȼ岻ؽǵĸ״˭֪»᲻ת
õＺ, ûκηأ
뵽бۿԼߵĴԪ
ԪаĹ⾰ѡΪĴ̫࣬ǿΪ˴ԲλŻ, λ߻ᰢķ, ƽҷԴ
ʱ˿, ԪȻЩ𣬵ϸһ, ǻݹأ̫ǰǳ̫Ǿ
Ҫ, 
뵽, Ԫ˳ģź̫ӵС̫ǰ, ʾС̫ϵȽӹ
С̫ȻԸ, Ҳ֪ЩūǲΥԸ, ˵ͷȽ˹
Ԫ岽ĵط΢΢Ƿ£ˡ
˵ձС̫ʹɫС̫ǰȥδߵǰԵ佫Ƿ׷ǰһĵǰ
Ԫɤӵ˼ȣ󵨣ѵ뿹̫ּͬı
ڽͬģ̫ӵһҪ£ǾʹǵʬϿȥ£ΪϹᣬӦܵ˴
ΪϹ᣿Цһϻ£ǰվСٱϾϾأ˲ءܣ㼴ΪϾأ޹ʧϾʧأ־ôҲӲ
ڰϣǽÿһ϶̧°پʦϾԨһɽءЩڳĽǣս̫ӵΪһ˽ǻ̿ôĻ᣿ҽãϾӪﲻ֪˶ϸھӪһֱǳƲʲ̫ӵ°ҲھӪϢȥ̫ӵǿٻϾ죬˻¡˵˽Ӫ̫ӵھӪɢԣҡģ
һȥʹˣԼ˪ѩһӶ飬⼸䣬ͰԼͼٱıʵĨһɶˡ
֮λ޴ǣ³䡣
üëûԵɵüңָ飺ܣͱı֤ȷ䣬ѲҪҵöѺ
ʲô˳ȴٻشĻ֪᲻ֶνġͱı桱֮ʵ
һӣʱðһڣ
һŭһȺſףֳֳ˴ڡ֮оͰ¼Χ
Ԩ黤м䡣
Ĺĳ棬ͼıܲ׽Ѻ
²ɰ״󾪣æ£̫ӵ£Ӧ֪ɻľС
һۣУҺʱ˵ҪɱܣֻҪѺúһߵȺˣ֪ôּ
˵ͰĿͶ򶫹ӣѺﷸߣɱ⣡
˵꣬ЩС顣
Ԩһ˽ͽ֣׼ö˴£ǱȻһԤỤ̋

ȻͷЦЦڳ֮˽һ㶡
ЦãסĿ紺ѩĳĹâһƣ̫ӵ£ôż붨ҵڶΪλӪ𣿡
ȻӪȻ뷢䣬Ȩ⻹ʣ
ޱضȻޱ飬ֻһ޷˵Ц⡣
üëԽԽƵòְ̧סұߵüë֪ΪΣ֮ǰڶȻлص
¿˽ֵܣ
ô˵Ҳ˽ֵࣿ
֪֪˰ս»ǲҪĺá
ЩǺȰûȥЩŪҲһţϣҪ֮
վϣ±飬ȴаĻη塣·ںͱıɱĴ
һ޷ƿȫֵĴܸУȻ
˰ɺ죬·ڱγһ㡣
Ȼǰһϳһѽֱָǰİȴ֡
̫Ӱν̫죬ݲðκηӦ
սѾ̫ӵͼְѰԼ²һԼǰֱ̧ӻеĽʳָָ£󲱾ȻɨΧԾԾԵĶһޱ֮ƣѹ
Ԫ״󺰣󵨣Ю־ϣ˳Ϊ
֪Ը⣬һָĲָϡֻһĿ飬̫ӵϲġ
֪̫ӵӣæǰȰ£ɣ
Ŀһ죬֪˼˵˽󣬱Ҳ
鿴ֻޱк飬֪̰бض̿֡
ɱ¾ΪҪ̫ӵ
Ϊ׵һ¡
Ŀ־塣
δҪѪԼ֡
֣ұɳ֮ˣ͵ľһɱı¡ҪȺң屾ܻ뷴Ӧ̫ӵ²Ҫ̽ҵıܣĻ
󲻸ٽӽ飬Ȼʦվܱɳʵսɱˡ
룬ֱܻ׾١
ûЮ˼Ƕ룬鲻мЮ˳ķ̡ɽ֤ǰкη̵ʱ
Ȼ鷽ŵǾ仰̫ӵ£ôż붨ҵڶΪλӪ
ˣΪλӪΪ֪ⳡƺƴնն޿ֵĻص
˼ã޷Ħ鵽ڳıЩʲô
ǰһ뽩ֵľءڱ˾ҲǳĬ֪Ҫβ֡
ʱ⴫ﱡǰװ첽š
Ц׵ĵǷŲ飬ȳˡ
ﱡŷֱȻϹϾ˵¿̫ͣӵ£˾һ̡ͬ
ڣ΢Уɨ飬ֻƺһӡ
Ȼ۾ȥǰҲӵĵ˵ڴǰʣ


79 
ɱ
ʱ, һѣ۹վ˶۵ǰ
ʱ꣬ڼԼΪĵӡ
ټ, ҪӸߴһȦĹΣǺʱε, Ųۡ
ü, վ鷿еļˣɨһ۵ȥϴһ¡
Ƿ, ߣ£ū
һ󣬱תͷȥˡ
߳鷿űȭࣺܣ⡣ܷñϾıĴ̲̣Ǳ¿, οʩ£
۳ʵⰸӽ˾, ʲôˣ˵
ϺȻ۵ҪԼش, ŵһ㶣Ȼع, ǰһǷصЩ֤ݡ޷ɰӣߵľʦ죬ܲı˹Ҳˡ
ˣʢݴϻ˵֤Ͽ, Щ֤ǰ׵ġ, ɴɱҲɷŹġ
ü˵֪, ̫ӶҪʵ, Щ֤, Ȼ˲롣
ȻڹٺȻ͸ˡ
ﱡѹΨΨŵŵˣ鷿һ鲼¹ϣͷҿ
ﱡȭǳ½ģ˵ɽֽ˷˵©µųˡ
üɭȻʵˣ
ﱡֱڵ˵ʶȻǺˣ
ڵϵˣС̧ͷһǰޱȵͷСŻ
С˻Ƴ
ǰЩʱճ˿ǣһʯ
Ż΢΢ػش𣺡ǡ
ΪΣʡ
ƳŻش𣺡Χ˵شж
۾̫һȻӣŹڵϵˡ
֤֤ˣ̫ӻǲͱıһ
ʢݸǼ֤ڣ¸£½ǽػ˽ǵıֲ֮Ѿ֤֤ڣͼıİӻ𣿡
ۻδͼѾһͭɫĺؽص鷿طԼ䣬ڵˡ
ŻƳ飬תߵͷ¾ǡҲפ֮ɽŻܼȰ
״ǰеķֱӸһһ£֪ôĶ֮ݵǺҧ
£ңŻƳ飬׷׿ͷ
ü飺ܣ֤֤ˣ㻹кνͣ
һЦָǷ˵ֿһ㣺޻˵תֻͷ̫ӵ°ѳսµǰѽܡ
üѾ֤ȷ䣬ôҡ
̫ӣ
һ죬ĻһŭӶⳡϷ㵽Ҫݸ˭
пһ£ô֤ǰĸ׾Ȼѡ飿
Ϊʼնһνӣ߶ûһ㷴
ʱĻָԺȻԼһ㶼˽ǰ̳յܣ
ۿ죺ȥѽ񳿵ۡø̫ӿ
ۡһͷˮ
ʢݵҲһͷˮ
ߵϷ˷ѽյۡ˳˫ֳʸһѳۡչƽˣһĿʮеɨȥȻĿⶨһ˫΢΢Ĳ૵ܣⲻܣۡǹһģôһ
۲ͣ졣
ѹ̫ӵ£Ϣǽ֮ۡǰġʱϢûпҲ֮С
ֻսۡбһѷֽ̧飬޺޵ʵӪԭ򣿡
󣺡Ҳұͱԭֻ˵ûֹ̫ӵ°ͱͼı£ִԭ򡣡
һ˼ı鶢顣
ֻƵذֶԲ֮У͵ͱǧ뱱ĽսǧȻ˱ѺӪˣ׼Ÿϸ
ҲŸס壬ֿʼҶǳء˽Ƶս£֮ϱض˸Ӧսǰղдӣ³̫ӵ±ػ뵽ȥϾ˵С
ұ˳µȥϾս˳µû˳ǳأ˧Ծԭ׼ϸ˳ȥ
ҵȴõʱΪһУҪĲոǳءҪҪҶԶĳ
ܣ˧ôϲزʧҼոʱѾ죬ðУ˽ԳӪǲ˱ʣǧҹƹٵɽҰϾ
ǧʱ̫ӵ·ųӪͼıķټµľʦϾ˧̫Ӿٻϼʡ
ϾӪϸ͸ȷҲھӪΪıϾǷʱǾϾǵ¡
㳲ľжʹú󷽿顣
ұǧҰϸ򿪳ţֱֲס
дͶ飬Ը⸩׳Ƴ
ĺ󷽲жϣǰֱϾǣ̫ãѾû˻Ͼ񣬳Ϊ
Ҷһ˲飬ΪľǾⳡսиңûϾǡ
ЦЦؿ󣺡Ѿ͵˱µϡʾԸ³Ƴ֮Ȩÿ곯ҪǱĻʼˣһʲôûн̫ӵ£
ûڷ
ûԼİŵһıȻ붫۵һ־磡ֻҪ飬Щ֤ŵ޷죬ڶⶼһһ˳˰ġȴ͵ĶϷ
ءΡ
ܴ裡
Ȼ켺˼ôƾͼƵĹ˳̫һܴ裡
飬ôң
۾ض顣
ɨһ۹ڵϵˣЦʵȷָʹŻ𣿡
ŻƳٴҲ֪ԼǱˣæתۿͷС˼޴Ҳܺʳ۹Ӱӵ
ʣǵνկңǽӵߵ״ģ
ŻƳٺҽ£ȷʵûм鱾ˡеһ´ġ
ϸԷ棬һû
ǵֻÿ¸㹻ǮʳɽϢţʱʱ˳ɧŹ·İգ˶ѡ
ΣѰʲôˣǺôǸɥˣôֵָϣµָʹҲԼôѱ̫ӵ£˵𣿡
ȻȻع۾ֱض顣


80 
ֳ
鲢ûйϸϸĦ˼, ֻתۣȭ£, ҿ֮˹ݺȫȫš֮ѡʹʹ, ȥɱĲⵤ顣Ще鲻صȥ, Ȼۡ´ĽˮʯҪ׷, Ҳһʱ
վڵµӣһһֱִ̫ӣЩΪ¼Ұı
һװĴս̫\ʵ־ؿ, ֪ǧټ, Ҳ׼ɡ
һѾȥ
ůɫ͸鷿Ĵ, ӳڴߵϣʥĹԡ
վ, ǳűߣԵľͷǻڵİϣγǿҵĶԱȡ
˷·ڰһ, ȥ, ȴֿԹͬڣš
۵ĿŲ, ʵ̫ΪΣ
һ, ȭ񣺡ΪԼǡ֮ѡʹ, ΪŲܵһƬġ
°ͣ죬ȥﴫ鷿¡
˳˵⡣
ֵѺ̲̲ظ¿ˡﱡȥ졣
ﱡּŻƳ˳鷿ʢݹǷǷӡ
ֿ䣺֪ⰸν᰸𣿡
ǣ΢ͻȥֽ᰸ͷŰپʦὫһˣҼԸȸˡ˵ϴʢ뽭Ԫһ˳鷿
ֻƬ̼䣬鷿ֻʣ¶ۡһڷ̵ڹ١
̫ף̫ӵ£Ȼǳ£ұˡҹֳȥһ̺ӣҾҪηˡ˵ֳںԺֱ޹ȥֳл
۱۾صͷʾȥˡ
һһת뿪鷿
߳鷿ĹţȻĹǽһƣģ
ֱйŮ߹ŵһ壬׷פͷʰ°á
վֱӣӣԺȥ
*
黹δԺīȾѾͨͩ
ͩеıʣ첽ӭ˺ԺſڣԶԶķ˴ԼȻ£ĵЦԾعϡ
ͩԶԶؾͳӭͬѩһĲҰ׵ϣų˱ȴ⻹ҪõЦգֳ
ˣͩ䡣
ǡʱֳˡһǸ⡣
ͩǰסļ򣺡£ȥЩ顣ǻطú˵Ự
ɵصͷȫֳš
ʱͩھסի
СڻʼңҲδ԰ӡŶ룬һȥǽͷռ֮զࡣ
ǰţֻˮΪأʯΪɽɽˮȫ԰֮Уһһ̾
˾ľʢ
Ĳľ壬ļȻţ
²Ŷ£Ϣոձһڸǣͩס԰ﲻɽ衢ĵܽءž飬Ȼ÷š
ԶԶȥ·Ǵ³ѿһƬɫիĴ֮
⡭ȥϲɫβͩ
ͩЦŽ͵԰ӱǸ׽ĸʮ񡭡ȻķЩ˼ЩĻܳܣΪȪգϲůĻȪȻգԹϷӶȪԴԺӵĲľܡȵԵʣۺʱﶼн򡣡
ɿβΪĸ׽԰ӣȻô˼
ͩשȣһ貵ˮ鿡һ£īȾ̧һĹߣͩ
鿴Щ̲סп˵Щ֮£ֳóһЩ
ͩüҲֻЩ˰ɣ
̶ӣůůͩ齵ܳ£ȫֳڹҸмġ
ͩҡͷҲлң̫ʵʵĽֻ˳ˮۣ˳ƶΪ
Цˣֳôǫ֪һȰ˵ġԼȻ½˾̫Ӱ·ͳı
ͩһ飬㵹˲ĭӣϢҾ룬Ȼʲôĳıǿ˱ʷϢŲµһЩ˿ȴҲҸ˵ֻͱûͼıǱıˡҼǵСʱرϲŸ׽үүսķĹ¡ţгһգҲлͬүүһرǲҲүүһӢԣҲ¶ˡ
鿴ͩ裬ЦԭֳǸڴ˳ᢵһ뵽ҵĿģʩԮ֡
ͩЦЦͻҴ졣̫Ӳͬ˵㶼ͬˡ
ͩȻɿЩ죺ֳôö˶˵˵
ǲȻ˵Щ̧̧ͩ
һ£Ҫллֳ
ţͩգգ۾
ԨǵĶŮ֪̫ӰǵĶŮųʵΪǼһ棬һ˼֮ࡣЩ˵ǣ̫ӵɡ
ͩˮʧʱ䣬оǱˡǧǣıôãҲϵ̫̫ⳡϷ̫ãҲû˼ĺܣܿͻػضǣزôġŻʲôܰﵽǵġȻʱ̫ãܹǼһˡ
ǰǹꡣ಻˿ģֳȴᵽˡ̾һһỹҪֳȥѰԨǽӹס¡롭
ͩݸһõĲ裺ˣ԰ͷʱѾȥʰˡīȾѾȥ̲ˣһ˽ӹиǰϵ˸ˡܿˣù˯þٰǵĶӴԺӳӵĿǸģҪѹٽĸæǵŮǲü죬žۡ㰡ٲٵİɣɫûһѪɫҲҪкúÿ
顰ۡһЦ˳
ͩüô˵ﲻԣ
֣ǣǡûҶô߶ˣȻúÿġһӾֳֳ߶ҡ
ͩûصһۣ֣ԽԽûء͸㶨һ£㶼ʮˣٲŻô£
ҲֳͩȻܰѻѡϣںʵ㷲ûеͣæյһڣţֳĲ裬ˣ
ͩԼҲ˹һ裬ĵǹҼһΣͦ˼ġЩСƤ˴šȢȥޣǼõġ
ǲ⣬ת˻ͷҪ˵ֳӦҡպڶûӦ⣬ʹã
ͩõı仰ʱ˲ͬѩһ㣬ֻһƬҰ


81 
ˡ
ҧҧͷ, СذָͩϵֳûȥǸ
ͩسһЦͬ糿ɽıһ㵭Įһûа취Ѷʱ, òʹˡͩԼĿڣҲ֪Լ˭, ϶һ, ͻճɵɵһ·ߵڡ
Цһ˵˭ȻǸڹյŮ£Ѳǵĸף
ͩһ簮ӣȤ˭ĵ, ôȤԼĸףı¡Ҳȥǰ˵죬Щͷ
Цɽãֳ᲻أתıֱפرʱҾ룬ǵĸײǶԸô, Ҳ䷢Ϊ, ƹŷ˰ɣ
ʮ, ȥĸͩ顣
Ц⣬üʵĸ׻𣿡
ͩҡͷùһֱչĸ, 뿪֮ĸĿʹë֪ģԻʺ࣬Ҫĸ, ҽԺôʵȥĸҩֻհҩ, ҲԼӰˡ
ɺ죺ûá
֣ͩ, ĸѾ֪ϢЩļ, ͷˡ
һ취ġ˵Щʡ
ͩȴһӣ㻹ҪӦ, Լľ˵ɣ
һ£ͩ˵飺ֳ˵ҵĹ񣿡
ͩͷˣлӶʮʱйԱꡣȢףЩսսպգֽʵһ¼ȻѾնӣȻȲȫļ֮д顣֮临ӣ絽ͣģúţܹӦԣ
ջ֣Ҹ̫ӵӣزҵļ̫֮˳
ͩǵǣǣطǲ̫ӵȻô׷Ź㡣ΪһȰŻǳЩâ躹ޡ
ĿеİյУСϲҶ̫ӣԶʹʾãҲң˻ƶȥ˧Ͼ޷ǾҪеľȨֳİɣֻҪһûнϾľһվ˯ȡձҷҧһڣպضӽ֮ˡ
֪ͩҪô˵ֻǵҿ̫ЩԽ𺡣Щ֪˼ɣµδǰ֪ˡƵ飬ڵóҲõĪƼˣ
Цˣǲã̫ͬھֳ˳סˡ
飡ͩ
Цˣֳ֪ѴЩΪĶ࣬ǽұͿԪѫţô˺󣿵ǽԸҲᱻ⵽ֿຮ֮سһ˿࣬ɩɩҲˡ׽͵˼ֻҪܾ޿֮ʱˡⲻǿɲصƿˣ
ͩĬ޷˵ľס
ֳЩֵܹԼ˵ġϣʤΣֳκʱҶĴԹ֪£ҿƿصġվߵͩ󣬸סĸףұ׵ˡҲʳӣοֵܡҪĶûвġ
ͩⷬ˵ǣޱοݵǷӣ߽ҲûôԵ࣬ȥˣȻ컬ࡣ
Ц֮䣬īȾѾѰԨһڽӻˡ
īȾŰԨһˣƹŽصĸʽ԰֣ˮ鿱ߡԨһ˿ͩˣҪ
վֹǵֳһ򲻿Щǻͱˡ
ԨһЩ˼ͷǱϹϾҾлµëձͷ
ͩҲվȥͷϢɣѾԵ鿵ǹȥˡȰĿԡϢīȾѾѾ뻻ϴ·׼ˣֱȥǡȥԺڹǶŮӳǺúþһۡ
Ԩһ˼ֱĪľϲͩº´һůܿܿЦݣܾλվŵһ㣬˼֮ӡ
ԣԨͩһ﹩
һĺĳ
ԨһǧлظīȾȥԵ鿡ֻал˵ĬĬվ
ͩ״ЦЦҲסհգȥСǸ㰮ԵСˡҲȥϢգһˡ
ӲͩǣֳұȥϢˡϵȼɲܣ
ͩףЦ
˱ȥԵ鿵Ķ᷿
իĿͷõĶģ£ÿһȴϵĴüԢ⣬Խˮ
ȴûϸϸ᷿ͣˣѰ᷿󳤳سһʲôȻһ㣬Щѣ
ͿʲôԾĵطæǰ飺£ôˣ
ڰ֣۾ɨһ⣬ֽûӰСؽ⿪·һſļһֱѪӽ˿
ͫһˣȥС
üһסɣ
ɻת顣
Ȼˡ
ʱ򣬾;ΪЩ֣˵֡
Ϊ鴦Ļǵոȴڷ̫ӵһ£̫ӴΧߣ
ˣԾûһа٣ų˻֮ƣս
ѹڵһֱ۾
Ϊ˾ҹ̴Ͼϻ
ϵˣЩʱձȻϺѿѿֽϣĥ
⼸Ͷ٣ѹɫѿ
ֻޱȸм˵ϢĴȥͼı죿
ͷϾҴ£߻ûпɿ˻ȫ˵ϢȥضͣϢһɱҡֳ鷳
صͷұ뷨ҪЩҩɴȰѵϵ˿ڴ¡
鳤سһˣЩӿˡ
ü֮ǰδ̫潻ҹһУѾһˣԺֻѹ
鲻ÿɷ񣬿ȷʵƣûкܶľл


82 
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ԼҲϾϻ, ֪ҹĴϾжô࣬鿿֮ϱĿ񣬱㲻˵
ֻ˳, ȥУѰһЩ, Ҫɴ𴴵ҩ
ص鷿ʱ, Ѿͷ滨ľ˯ˡ
ݵʱǻ, ǰɴҩֺۡ
£СظͿҩ̲ס߶ֻ򵥵İǲȬƫƫʱ䣬Ҫȥ֮, »Ǹµĺá
ҡҡͷֳǸҰ׵ģ, ҲѴ̫СͲκֵ׽Щʱֳ̫, ҲΪֳ̫ǯҡֳÿС̫Ƥ¹Ѿķ˲پ, ҲΪҷҲǵһ ˣӻ㽡˶Сһܵסġ
Ѫɫ֪Ǵⲻñ֪
Ҳٶ˵ʲô˿֮, ˯, ˯ˣȥ˸ڵ䡣
һ˯, ˯ӦͩСü鶼ˡ
ͩԵ鿿顣
鴲齲Զů, , ͩҪʰ
ͩȴһӣŵߣһƣӣ֪ʵԶǰա
ͩ˯ӣ̾һ뿪ˡ
*
һ˯˯˵ڶ硣
ľ˲ɶҡĹδ˯һʱͷѾͷˡ
ɵ䲻س˿ڣ۵ֱü
£ǲˣŷ⴫Ůӵ
ס˼ϵʹա
űƿʮ塢СŮһ˶һ̣ذڷѥӡ
Ůͷ񣺡£ūչӡū㡣
һСŮ˵ūī㡣
һЦֳԺŮٵ֣Ȥ
üǳȥɡ
īһ㶣໥һۣ֪Ҫô졣
ͣҲϰź򡣡
Ȼ̧ͷȴ׳˵ӣǰһص½ūջЩӦվӦġūź
֪ͩĿġ
ȻѾصӻ˵۹ӵݣô׹أͱӦ
ĬƬ̵°գ£ȥֳͬ˵ǵġ
ī໥һۣŰѥӷϣ˳ķ䡣
ӴվǰСŮ·޵ĸп
ǵٵʱסڻʹÿ峿СŮű̡ѬáĽϡ
ֻҪֱֱۣ·ͻĹϡ
ɽѧ꣬Ӫ꣬ÿԼԭһַſڵĵ۹ӡ
ҲǴޱȰĶӲóѣƶˣصˡ
ʵҲǲϰ߱źֻϵˣʵڲ˿¶
ֻԼѵش·Ȼżʹѻ·˴ϣüȥ˿ڴϵѣ˼ƵģȻװûһƿš
īվ⣬ͷŵøˡ
ֳ𣿡ʵ
ش𣺡£үѾˡȥš
ͷȥʰӰաҲϲζҪ㡣
ǡīӦ֮ͷӡ
Ժīһ
īһ߱ϵıӣһ˵һΪ²źأʱһĮ⻤Ǻıһ
鶪봲ϵ·һһãȻܸүȡүǳĺӡ
ǣ㡭³ÿ߳һ㣡ī̲סס˯ı졣
㿴һī㣬Цˣ㣬ַˣ㰡ͱˣǳĲŮɫЩ˵ͨˣһѾͷû
㲻ģҺʱǸ˼ˣٺ˵ϸ˺죡īذ鴲ϵı챧˷䣬óȥɹ
Цҡҡͷ黻һһط
ʰţ㿴е¼򴦣ȻһƬ졣
ŵ·԰ɹī㡣īѱ׹ͷѸʰҲī㣬ȥϴµѡ
īӦһر黻·źԺȥˡ
֮ͩ׼Сһᡣȴغͩ޵ſڡ
ͩһݣɵЦˣôܲϲǣǺˣ
ͷ
ͩصͷŵʱͬ˵ˣȻϲǽӣǾźţɨɨԺӣЩ˲ˮĻС
С̧ͷүūб
ͩ״ֻһ£޵
ͩ£īȾǰһˮ
Լͳİɫ£˫ֳʸͩµ£ūʰʱġү򴦡
ͩӹչĵطһˮգѪѾȥ˲١
˵ū취ûܰƬѪѾã͸ϴˡū⼸ԺУȴûٹаһƼϵˣǲʲôĵطСūҲð˿͵үˡ
ͩü·òŰ·ݸīȾܲŴսսϵжⲻҪЩƤ֮ࡣԭҲǸߵģԼ˵òأûҪҡȻ޴󰭣ҲҪСվȥźֻԺÿһȥźɣīաǸģ²Ҫšպѣ㿴Ŵܶĺõġ
ףػصǡūˡ
ͩ˳޵ţû£īȾ̾һѣȥ˰ɡԺһЩǸģͲᵽɢ˵¡Ҳ֪סźˣ̽˼㲻ͨ͸Ѱʱ˽ա
īȾͷصǡ
*
ԵիĿͷȻҲǶŶԺΪͷԺӲԺԺ֮ý
Ѿһû˯һûϢϰߣʱҲòżԼԺϢ
ֻǻδ˯ȻѣԺﴫЦĿ
ſ۾ڴòŻ
һΧһֲѰϢֻ̧Ŀڣȵ˭


83 

ֻĿ֮, ߵɴ߳һ꣬Ǹӡ
Щȣ죺֣
ߵǰ棺İȫġ
ԭƣһ¾ͱþģ
һ
һ˲, ԭ˲ɳ, , һ
֪ΪΣֱ, ܹԤѴʩԮ֡
⼸Լصй¶ȥΪɱ֮ռȫ
ҲԼĿģܹ̽鵽¡
鴭ϢԥʵΣ
һۣδش, ⴫¿ˣҪūȥһȲ𣿡
ֻһĹ, 㷢Ѿ, ֪ֻԼܵϴŵıɱ֮⡣
úЦ, һڸԼЦ⣬滽ţҽ
ƿţͷվǰ
ʣΪξһˣ
ĬƬ̻شūѵµȥүˣүūЩ, ԺԺӾһźý֦
̧ȥ, Ůʮ꼶˼ȴޱȵ
˭Ҳ˵Щ˼ǴôЩС˼, һЩʱա
ȥյȲ
û˵ʲô, ӯӯˡ
򾻷ķ, ֵϢڣȴûгѯʣֻĻȴûмǰݵ˼ܴӻﻰһЩߡ
̾һֻֻߵһˡ
ֵһֲµʥࡣ·ĺƷһѩĹһ㣬űϢ
ϰţЩµơ
Ц֪˼ϲ໰˼
һĮˣҲмǽǣûҪˡ
ԺԳӵӦֳԨǵĶŮӵԺһԲˡ
ʱѾŲͽ
񣬱ҲûдţԹԵȥԺɹñȻɨ㣬ԺҶһһµɨһ
һ裬δ͵ߣͼһӰȰеĲš
СĴָմ˵㣬߳˳û
Цãʵԭ㻹綾
飺ҵҽҽ
Ұ׵ɫδȫָֿɫľʦȥץ㲹Ѫҩģ˼°ɡ
ͷ˵뱣ҵİȫ߸žǣôزصġһȫҲûʲôֵġ
ֳĬ˰εԵ޹ʶһˣʲô鷳𣿡
鵹Цôʲô±Ҷ֪
һЦ࣬ص顣
״εһҲٸЦ˵·Ͷˡǰν֣綼ûռˡˡҪǻϣҵͣһӡ
ûڸֻʵʵվߣͲǶ໰ˡ
ľͷһЦӣ̲סֹôһĸľͷҪöˡ
ôܵסȤ
վţž۵º͵Ц
ǶȿȥһЦ·ݶ϶Ľˮһ˲䶼Ʊһ㣬ϢԶ
Ȼһ£Ե鿡
·Сڹ٣Сڹٱ
Сڹټϴݵĺڽӣһ·߱ԺӺ󷽵ǡ
ڵҲסֻܿ
ͩĹơ
ֻһлݵķ⽮òͩĹơ
ʵʵһƥ׼իĺų
ֻһ֣׼ϳԼǰ档
һЦӿ֣ЩʱѾĽˣ
΢΢Ŀֻĺܣûдһ˦㶯һ
ҪϷֵ˼˿գ˻ڣ˵ȥϽֵķի
ּųŷիʻȥ
·ȸֵʱ˳ĵĳ֡Уֵ̼ƹ۴αȵţϢȺ֡һʢķپ
³ڣ۾֪ʲô
Ȼһ٣ѱĿˡ
˿⣬ֻի⼸ӵ֣ǰֵļʵſڵңǸҽȥ
룬˷ի
ķ֮أڵľϲķĶ
һżֽī㡣
߳ƬƬ΢Ƶֽұ߸ɫСëʣа̨ī
һիϰͿһݵĽЦӭλϡ͡
ֻǵ˵ͷֱŴеīȥˡ
ϰʵ֪Щʲô
īβ⡣
ϰһ֪Ҫǫ̃ī֣˸룺Եȣȥȿڲ裬͸ȥ
֣ͲˣóֱӰãȻȥֱڵիˡ
իϰ岢ûիطһֻе۹ӿԴĺڽƭ˵ġ
οı֣ǿɶƷϴԱסĵطڱڣʹĵطӵһլӣլӵҲһ㣬ƽ֪ġիϰ岻ٶʣȥϺ̨īص˹
ӹҲ飬ֱӳš
ּ״Щظϣʵ㲻ôƷŪ㣿
ѵ˵鵹Ǻܸ͵ҺŪҡ֮ĪҶҼҵģҼҵ⣬ôҲҪгŶ֡
ǺԼôһҫĻᡣ
һֲۣ˵ˡ
ǿգֵƢԣ׽͸һպҪʯͷദ£ɵþơ
ʻᣬͣһۡǰ
֮аˡ֮ûԲдšٸ֡
濴ٸǸŴ󻧣ԽǽƵľľ֮īɫݽǣֵⷱĶ֮Уһ˵ľ֮С
˳ߵš
ãŲŻ򿪣̽һߡ
߿飬ãоӨ˸Ųϵʵ£


84 
ߡ
΢Цǰ, 游ڸϣ
ͷү鷿ūȥͨ
æ֣Լȥ游գ˰ˡ
򿪴ţߵİʵλСǡ
ҵ
΢΢Ƿ, ȭ
ŷڷիٸ֮ڵĻϡһһľôϤʱ, ľͥ鿶ûб仯
׾ٵؾҵ˵̫, ʵ鷿
վ鷿ſڣһ, ţ游һˡ
ûӦֻ͸ɴܿһϵӰűһһдʲô
ü, 鷿Ķ
˺ûߵһ, ֻһһ
ֲؿ顣
ֻҡҡͷ, Ĭվ⣬Ӧš
վ˴Լʱ, 鷿Ŵһ϶
͵ػع񣬶˶ѾվÿľȣŶ롣
һͷ԰סй֡µߣ̧, дŹе, ֮µһը죺ŵУǷʡˣ
۵״벻վǸˡ
ƹ, 顣
ֻһɽ, бѹ, жʱһ˿ηʶ˼游
һͳٴը죺»ǻһʦգ
סˣδʻƽֵ⡣
ӡʵһغǳ
ǰŻڻרիһѧϰʱҲδйģ
ոҪʦ֣ǱȻҪʦˡ
ʱиһ㣬һ˿ǿίʦ
飬˶䣬¾Ȼһѽߣ鿴ǰѽߣʱֱ߱޴ֱĵ׵ʹܵذ˲ء
ʵͷϵĽߣԭѽõ³ԵġѾʮʮãɵִа֮áд˲֮УҲǳʦûн̵áѽߣûʸʹ
ʲýߣбһɣСŲʣͬͯһ㣬ס䣺ʦҲǲǲܷܷ֮ǰôҲҪΪܷɣ
ʼͬʱһסʮ˼֮ҲܲסԼϵ֣΢΢£ΪˣƷԡ뿪̫磬ܲ͸ʱЩʥ֮ԡиȻСûн̵㡣
һ仰صͷ
û뵽ʱʮ꣬ĳĻȻص޷̧ͷ
ͷʦȨı̫ӡ𣿡
ƺԼдʱüǽֻиǱʷ˭ĵӣεֿȵķ⽮۹ӣ
Ĭ
ֽ˵󵼣۹ôôһ粨̫ôἱ壿
΢΢ĿвҸס
£
ʼ鲻֪ڸģ
еĽߣʵʵشϡ
ˣʵʵذһߣ۵һƺߣ˵õĲýߣô
ŭĿ飺»ӲҲ˵̫ƷΣ͵һ̣̫ھӪϢ󹥳ǡϾ˽죬ֺ֮УҪ̫ӵĵʧȥ
˵Ͼسǽˣйٶ졣
ʼЩй׷ʵĵΪθЩȨ֮Ϊûк³ʷϵЩǰ֮ѵ𣿡
ҲԼľǿʦҵʷ飬ҶǣһֶαӣվѾд˹齵顣̫ӶĴɵʷҲڽõĵҴﵽҵĿġ뵽õĶ巽ʽʦҵλãδػøã
Ѵʹ˺ҡͷ̾һ¡ⲻΪ֮Ϊ֮͵ϮһԵöĶվǻỹȥİ
̧ʦҪô죿֪ҵǰ·жôѣЩʲô¶ޡµ𣿣ʦûۼܵˣûΪɱѵҹҪҸǰʷЩСʳĻȣ
ʿ߷߲ƽнʹ£ǰ·ѣܹҪһŷ˵Щ»סչǻ׵ġֻǾãµһУǰ·˳ֻͽԹްˡԹޣǳֲֶΡ
ͷбߴһƬĬĬ
֣еƬӡô᲻֪ĿΪ֪Բϣ㲻Ҫ˶
ΪʦʼҾ֪һ˷â
Щ꣬ر֣ѧ۽ѩҲδٵɣ硣
ʮ㣬վǰ̸¡ѧĸŮڣТʢӹǶ괫֮ʼǶ
ʮѰ˼أ𺳣ο
ʱҾ룬д֮иӷʢԣǰ֮һ飬Ͳ׵ƵΪ̫ӡǿ˵µķǡ
ʱĵ£;Ҳһ˿벻󡣡
ʰͷԼһ㣬޵£·ϣһ̫ƽ̫ӵıСҲҪ·𣿡
ʣ֪۹ˣÿһ仰ǰѪдµʷ
ΪҵʦʼԼѧ̻ԼΪΪΪ񣬺Ϊ¡
ڣ֮Ϊոĵ۹ӻϲȸԾ
ȴĵҪ˼һ̵ĵʧ
ˣפر߹ؿʼҲûһʦѣ縸ֵףĳ̸
ȻΪԼһ߾ίǰ˼ʱȭһ񣺡ллʦڻҷףҵĵСԸ˳֮ʱʱʱҵģҲֻʦˡ
ջ֣һ΢΢Ƿ²ҪﳼԽǡ
ЦŵݳеǷ̨ұǸ游һϺǫ̃ģȴ뻻ʦһϯθ֮ԡô׬ˡʦ游ģˡ
ʽӹϳֻԸ¶һ
ʱѾûô̽Եػ˸ƺ游¿Һһڲ˰ɣ


85 
ѡ
ʴԼ϶˹һյȥһȵġ
, ӹֱӵ޷ûô󡣡
εҡҡͷ˸£游ѽ
ʾ¡
ʵһ, 游й鳯˼
һ۵˼ҲҪڱָ˰ɡ
Ц游ڿأŻ˵, ѡ·, û̫ƽʱڵ빦˵ʵ, ȴԽԽˡ
֪Ŀ࣬飺Щ̫꣬ӵ䶼Ȩü䡣ⲻ֪ЩȳΪͬŵˣһҲΪЩ
ȥʵѵõ, ۿȥ, , ˱֮⣬˭ܱ̫ӸȨƣֻҪȨƲ, Щվǲҡ
Լĺӣڿݺƣõ߶̫ôȥǱˮ֮ʱ
游ĸ𣿡ͷ, ŪǿŻݵơ
ʼ붼ûصһĺ, չ˺Լġ
ĸ׵£һ취ġ游ҷſġվ, 󲽳鷿, , ˡ
վȥķǳǳһ
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룬ʱ˿ϣ϶ϲõϢֵ齵׳Ƴһ¡
ʹ̡
ۡʹ¡СԱѾ֪ˡıһȥ
Ա޲ڽӵۡʱڼаһ̴ľʾס
˶û뵽ĵ۹ӣȻôı£ܹ̫Ӿɱ֮£طһϱ㸲̫ӽõĳı
ⳡմϷԭһߵľƣ˶˥飬մϷڿ־ôһת
²̫ӵʼδϲ뵳سǶѾδʽӣȤȻ
ȻΪϾ̫ƽ㻶õ飬Ȼһ֮
̫ӸֶޱԴǡ
̲ʢһֱüʱʱ̫Ǳߣвȫдϡ
ʷ̨ʷǣյǳİ
Ȼĳ۾ȴһֱ̫ӡ̲ʢݻʷ̨ʷǵε
ǳϻ̳Ͽֵһ˵ͨ
£ϱĳʹ̡´˶۵Ķ
ۡšһʵѳ飬Ǳ㰴ȥɡ
һ˵£ʹ䶨ʹδѡ
ü̫ӣʵ̫Ϊ˳ʹΪ׵
̧⣬ǰһص£Ϊ˴ζʹųʹ˵ǳʹʵǽһӦӦǰȥ֮⣬ӦһλͨĻ֮ȥִ֣ʾҳӡ
ЦһͨĻ֮ӡ̫Ϊ˱ȽϺأ
¶ɫƶȣڳҪ£ͷĵܡݹأ˶ϳʹȴ˽ࡣ޷ִ֡
ף۾΢̫ӵ˼ǣǰ
ȭûлػȷʵôġ
ոȥʹոǾζţȨΪá
󽵱ʮֻ֮࣬Ҫ氲ԼˣôͿֲԼڱȨϵȱ
Ŀɨ˹ȥϣĻ˵
£Ȼ̫ʦƽжòϳĽ̫Ϳ࣬Ϊ̫ȥΪס
ŷ֣ϲӾȻվ˳֮ϣ͵΢΢ǰ㣬˰߸ǰ
ͼ乧һ˵̫ӵҹݱһҪӹء̫ӵµİΣһϵ۹ȹ̡ʶ̫ͬӵԳʹ񡣡
вãȴƵģ
Щ꣬ڳ֮һϲŭֲɫı¡
תʹ̫ʦΪΣ
һʵԼˡֻҪľŹﻹּͻĻΪѵľͱ޿ɱܡ
֪⣬벻𶼻ˣ۾ʻвصõֻӲͷƤǰصҵΪס
кȻðһаĿ˿Ź
Ȼܹ̫ܵӵµעӣҿֻܵͷصԹΪϡ鸽ҹԶƳǱǳ¡̫ԳʹӦ١ӹ񣬴δ˵泼Ҷ귨Ȳϣ񲻺ϡʶΪ̫ӵ²Ӧȥִ֣ʾӡ
۵ĿڵϣϺǰ顣
ֿ룺Ϊ̫ʦԺ磿
ص̫ʦι졣̫ӵȷʵʺԾϵȥ과֮ءȥ񣬸̫ӵΪԽơ
û뵽ԼݾȻԼոϰɵЩա
۳ƬȻ̫ӵ²ʺϳʹǱĻ֮ѡˡȹ빬һᡣ˼ҪȥŽǱ׼ţָ˳
꣬꣬ꡣݵͶۡ
ʧĲţ̫һ˵Ȳ
ɨһվڶĹͣһ˦ȥ
ͼ״̫㣬һ֣ȥ¸˫СЬÿɻ
ڰ֣¶ɬͱڿˡడ
ͺǺһЦȻϷ֧һУ
˽һۣͿȥס죬ڹװ
ûص˽һۣΪ֧ʲôУ⣿
ЦǺʵУ
ҡͷ˦˦ӣ뿪
ף˵ʲôأ
Ǵӱ߳ǸЦ滢˵ʲô¡ҹҸ̫֮䣬ǲҡ
㣬ЦЦⲡЩ꣬µǿ˰ҲϷŪˣǷϻͯ˰
ûû̫ӵԸպܵġ
ȴôƽҵǾøײż񲿹ţ˵Ҳ˵һ졣ӾӦúú룬Ǿټȥ֣Ǿټȥ֡


86 

ͷ죺ҵȻϣȥͿɲô, һ᲻ľټȥЩڼϢȵòôһ𣿿СŵĻ¾ǰȥ, £, », ²᲻˼ڴˡ¿˱ˡ
֪˵Ҳóʹ, ͩȥŵѡҲɵüһϧ֮ɫ
ٴδЩȴǿԲһСŵĻȻˣǱ»δ˵, Ǿ, ˵Ըϳʹʱ䡣
, صһȥ뾲˵, ĸ״СŽһˣлʺֽˮصĶ䣬˳˵һ¡
صͷֽһ䣺ǵôʷǱߵˡ
ͷ, ʾ֪
*
ص뾲˹ˮӱ뾡Ҫԡ
뾲ֻ΢תζ, ϵ
Ҳٻ¼ҵĴС㣬ϵһŮӸС
Ȼû˽, Ѿ, ص, ٹվǻʺٳˡʺѾϣŮμ°Ҫϲϼϲϼźó񡣷İɣֻҪģ⡣
뾲һ˵ţһ¡
ͷѾһꡢ۽ơŮӣ˵м
׸ѡˣһܱЩͬѼ¶ˮҪõöࡣ
뵽ס뾲üҪ
˲ҡһʵĸڹϡ
뾲ܸܵϴºеϢ뵽ѾòзˣԾ΢죬Щߡ
ǣ뾲ȥ˴齣뾲ư͵֮С
£ҲĶƺ֮󣬲ҿӡ
*
³ʮǶԻʺ
Ѿ͵λ˵С
ԻʺǴ꣬͡Իʺ뱱ѩ֡͢ÿշ಻ݳ˷Ϊɣ͵Ԥ㡣
ֻƷϹԱķ˲ʸ빬ʺ١
ʱڣﻨõıӻ԰֮ӻԷ˺ѡ̫ѩŽãΪǹɺ˻Ǳ鷳ƽꡣ
ǰЩʱ򣬹ѩ·ӻԷƳӻ
ܾЩһֻֻ۰ɫĺ֦ͷһһأһƬ۰ɫƺ΢ƺд󣬴ƬƬ꣬ӻ꣬䡣
յϢôȻһ޷˵ȻһµĻ
ԹѩԻʺͰں󹬵»Է֮ڡ
ԴȢ̫СѩһҲͣЪѧϰšΪպ̫Ӽλ̫ĻʺҪֺһӦСġ
ԻʺǹѩΪ̫Ӧðһ¡
һµףѩ㲻ÿգ񸮣һһʺÿն顣
æݺ飬ѩæԻʺ׼ϴβ֮󣬾Ҳûй
òװ˶³ţձԻʺѩȥһõĶһƣػ˶
δ޹·鷿ʱӭײ
ָо֣նһ£ȴѾܾûмˡ֪ΪΣȥϾȻһ˿ƣ뵡
ѩף밲
ûмѩˣֻտȻЩƣɫ󣬱ռʱҪãвɵԳ
˲ҲˣܾܲĬشȥ
Źѩһʵĸ񣬿׼׵ˣ
ǡѩشûжӦ
ѩô䣬Ҳû취˵Իȥ㽻һ䣺ЩʱˣȥúЪŰɡ
ѩͷ檸ˡ
˵ͷҲصȥԼ޵
Źѩ⸱ģŭʤ֪Ӻʱѩʱĳ˿ܣȻ
ΪǴγᣬҪ·

֪Ϊ괢ǲ׳ִֻ֡ɹ˻㲻Ǹͷ
ЩȻ°һЩܹĬϵģӲڳ֮ϹȻ
ǰŲŸףӴһ̣ŹͲ˼˵ֻϺѾ׼ʼͽᳯ͢¹ˡ
Ȼ֪˴ࡣ
ǰһУռ˵ڲɽѧգ޳Ī֮ǰﶫ۽רȨв
鰵У׳ȥשÿζʯ󺣡ȲҲŭ
鶪ȥʲôУ鶼ȫ̽¡
·޻ϣԼռʱȴһ޴ʹĸо
Щ꣬ۿϵıȨԽԽľԽԽ
ŶԱȨɿƵĵز뾡һа취Ҫٻ飬ҪȨͼı£ö۲¼ɡ
Ϊڳð꽨Ż޷ġǽָԷŹһУ֪ǿ
ûκθҲķâ
ϣһǿĶ֣ǿ·ǲ֮ϵĹ⣬Ƭصн䡣
ڿʼӽСĵضԸܡ̫ӺߵĻӡ
ʧιԼ̫С
ǰЩʱǻʺ󡢹ѩıʿһҪâĪ
δϡ
ĶԾֱ֣ΪԼĿ˶ʹʧһƬǡ
ֲòԼ顣
Ժ붫ղ¸ְղ¡
ڽӵʱѾ֪˷ڹһСҲԶҪӼ֣£ǵһʱõϢǱ޷ƿصľơ
̫ӲҲ׼붫ղ¸
ʵںεʧ˵һ¡Щ̫ӵ̫˳Ҳ̫ˣҪôһǿĶ
󵽵߼޻ȻûеóѣҲû°ѱ
ֲϲٸʵ֮ˣ˭߼޻֪ȥ顣иҪȥ
߼޻ƵķӦʱвզࡪ˵ؽԶҪĶࡣ
ûѡ飬ҲͶ£ΪͬŰɡ
ϾĻߣŻؽ


87 
ۡ
󻺲ղ¸칫ĵطǰ, ҪΰһǡѩȴѾص޵ھ, ˮ塣
޵ľ, ˼, ǳӡ
ʲôʱ򣬹ѩöһжݻˡ
ʮ߼ľ, ɵ¶˼Ц⡣
ķǶۼ̳лλ֮ĵڶ꣬ʱ򣬳¼δǳ֮Ϻߵ̫ѡ
˵ףǶΪ޵ġ
, ռȵѡ
Ϊռȵ, ÿǻûʧ, ЩƢԽĽ׽͸ˡ
С㡭
֦ڳرߣռҩˮĳ, زŹѩļ򣬻Źѩ
ѩӦһֳȥ
նҩԡ֦صҽԺҪķ, ˵, ѩЩʱյƣ
һذԡҩѩƤһ˵ЩʱС, Щ, ūûиС㱨
ѩ۾й̫ӵģ
֦ͷǡʱ䳯ϷһЩ, ̫ӵºͷۡ
ǳŹѩԡʱ䣬֦֮飬һһʮؽѩ
ѩ󣬶ٵĳˮòŵԭտôƣΪʧһС
̫ӵ࡭֦Сع۲Źѩı飬˵ū֮ǰ飬Сͱˡ
ѩüס֦ɵѾͷ̫㻰ؾǣڵطŭйߡ
֦̾һū澵ģвġСΪū̫ӵֵ
Ϊѩˮ˳ΪЩԼûо֮䣬һԸΪҺãǷĵġʱҲſҺãǱΡҵңҵҵĸ硣
֦ڹѩߣСĿȾȻ֪ѩ̫֮λǹ̫ӵһ˹ϵԼס
̫ӾԴһһԴѩ
ֻҪ֤ѩˤϣ̫֮ĵͬԼͻһֱЧ
ɣѩһˣһ
޴йĸ鿪ʼѵʱһпƺķ޹ϵͻᱻơ
ڹѩ̫֮Ĺϵһͬһ㡣
֦ͷ૵ūҲĽСءūԹһ˶СҳˣҿҲϲǸȢҵķΪϲŻԹ𣿡
ΪϲԶΪԹޱȡ
ѩȻԼ紺۲һ㣬ضǿɬ֭Һ֮ࡢԹ֮Ӳݴ
ȻѩһӾվ֦æһаѹѩס֦Ӳɣʪͷ֮ͭǰȥСһ˲μ
֦ˣ˻ȥС
ǰһеļ
ѩ򵥵һ٣鷿ȥ
󴫷ȥ鷿Դոͷһһֱ鷿鷿ǽֵ֮ݸǰɫĳ
ϸϸյݲȣŵҲ˿ûηǰľʦҲǾ
ЦЩʱգΪأȻôԲ׵ϸڡ
ȥղ¸£ղ¸ıʿ˵໰
кõģлģпϵģвġһԲţʵȥˡ
ΪȥˣԲ鷿﷢㶡
ԭЩ꣬ԼԴ󡢲һһ˵ǰܸı㣬˵ǰܸԼԴ
Ŷ޵Ļ⡣
ˡ
֣ľ뵡
ѩһ״ɹӽ
Щ⣬ڻ֮ʱ򣬹ѩһĮӡԶһߵţ
ѩѹ޷ǰЩæЩ¸ղŲ˵˲ļѪáҺˣþٴӳ顣
Źѩòŵοҵģ
ѩͷǰɡ֪û취磽ĽᣬʵҲûֻǡ
Ȼѩ
ѩʶҪˣĸ첲ȴѾȥ˱Ļ
ͷĺֱӴĶĤұһᡭһá
󲿷ѹ˹ѩϡ
һΣѩӾȻôء
ԭһֱصǰС
ԭҲһ棬Ҫƴ󣬲
ԭҲͬһһ㣬ʱһӵ
δġ
жȥһУαƣʮǰѩǰ㣬Ȼķ·ӻԷЩ۰׵Ļ䡣
һ¶ȣһ㣬һ֣һҪ㸲صҰġ
ѩֲԾطĦļ
Ϧ͸ϣޱȵϡ
ѩ֣Ȼ¶ȡ
*
⼸յϡúܣһʱͩÿ磬˰ࡣīȾȥҩѡһЩߡ֡ءܺΡ²Ѫҩȥ˸ϵŷ
Դ֪ˣͩר˸ҩŵĳӣ׼ʳ
Щ㣬Щҩءܺͩҩųһһ£㿪ʼȥ
ͩŷתһȦʵſѾŷſڣЦӯӯؿ
漴һŷ԰
ֳˡͩ
ͩصҲ⼸յġ˻飬㡣
üԭôֳϲֳյԼȥס
ͩһۣҶǼסڱµԺס㣿
ֳĸۡɻҪʱգ
˵Լ±ܰȥסˡ
׻ֳģȻõ˹ȥĸۡ
⻰ɾûˡЩֵ棬۵Ļ㡣ǶǸ׼λ֮ĵڶͿʼˣ굱̫ӺߵĿ㡣ͩ⻰˵ζ
鵭ȻһЦЩ£ֳĪҪ˵ˡǶΪ̫ӣݹء˼ǱµȥֳҪ̫ǰࡣ
ͩվ飺ò³ʮǻʺЩڶǵĻӣܻҪȥġ
̧һĮҾˣһ硣
֪ͩǣǳʮһʺɡô˵ϵĸ󡣡
ûб񡣡ͷ΢࣬һá
ұСͩЦֻһʰǡ


88 
빬
֪Ӳ, 㲻ټֻ֣ͩЦù죬̲סʵΪҽԻʺͺ, ֳЦôģ
ͩüգ, ೯͢Աķ˻С빬μ硣
, أĵʵ
ҾСҲȥͩ飬δӵ, һ㶼
ֻͩҪ˵ʲôԭ¡
һ㶼ûȤԹԵǰţòƷɸԻʺѹأĵ㶼ɲԼ, в𣿡
ȴϲͩϡ
ֱ֣Ĺ, ûȤҵĴͻּںԺ, ϶дšСķû˸졣ֳȥЩĹǣϾδ»ɩ, ܾȺŮ֮С
ͩһԹӣʲôʱѧȤֳˣ
ίͷֳ˵¡
ЦЦչ˶࣬ǧʧͳͩһĳ˵ֱܡ
*
³ʮһ, ַǷ
Ǻ󹬸ȥʺ밲ź, Ȼ̫̫밲ѩ밲֮󣬱ֱֱȥӻԷ
ӻԷϷ̨Ѿ
λݸߵ, ӻضˮԶԶϷġǰϰ˹Ϲ㡣
͢ǹʱŻԻʺ١
һ, ٻ˼ҵĶҪĵӡ
ҵķ˴һ翪ʼ붼ױ˵ϸ빬ͺСױĳ̶³֮ǰȴæʱ, Ϊ˽ĺ񣬺ϼҸȥ˼ⷿдŵĹӱسСɴУΪδŮӲ¡
ʱ񸮵ڼ׬
ΪҷΪ˹ǲԻʺٷҲ˹ϵʹǮȥ񸮵ڼǴһջʺٷõĲɫ
ҸĹΪ˻ʺø⾡ģֻΪųͩҡ
Ϲ磬ĶǱػμӡ
ͩòһ񿡵ģдˡȻȢͨùŮӸ
޸һݹºӣԼйŮ顣οʺΪҲҪȥμԻʺڵĺϹ硣
Ȼ͸Ӵ˻飬߲λûǿС
ܰԼҵŮӵĸΪ뵱¹˽պ󶫹κα䶯ӱֳΪ̫ӵĺѡˣֶΪ
ʵϣǰѾ̫ѡֻһ֣ö޷ܾջڵ̫֮λ
ǰǰ飬мٻ½
Ӿ޸ȷʵҪһֶΣĵλ
ҪʸȨĳ͢ԱôģҲôġ
۸ԻʺĿǳ͢ƷϹԱдֹеŮֵгϯԻʺʸ
ûδɻŮ뾲ֻڹˮһˡ
һ磬ͱ뾲ױϸױ
磬뾲Ҳ̫ණ⻨ױҪϣʱ䡣
ǰ󱳣а֪ôվӦòصԵڷС
빬ž벻Զ˴뾲
ӻʳǲŶ룬һֱʻСʱͣ
ӴǰЩʱڹ̵ˮǵ֡һżСѾͷվڷŵŹķǡ
ˡ뾲ֱǰŹ񣺡һ·ɻࣿ
º͵Цãʳ·޵ƽûô
뾲񣺡Сūʺ߶뿴Сˡ
ʱ˵صͷһѹŮӺߵģֵǡô
ĹشŹһȥһ·ĹŮڼȻ࣬ǶǵͷϢش߹·խʱ򣬺󹬵ĹŮڼ˵һߣȹ
࿴Χﶼһһ۵ģɵôҳһ¡
ƺܲĽţЦӯӯر߱ߵˣȴһ㶼û١ʺŽڼ󣬵һ굽ͷѵһᣬոλǴŸδСǽԿķˣȴǶĹһѶѵؾһ˵ЦūŹˮӣԼҲС㲻ؽš
Ӧһ䡣
ȴ뾲໥һۣһı
רӴõţ󹬵ĹȺܽһ·Ͼ·֣Щʱȴ÷ơ
·԰ĺʱˮ¾ȻɫĽĴ߮
ע⵽һֱڿˮĽĵؽ͵Щɫ⼸ղŷŽģصѡ˺ɫӹϲ̫⡣
ͷջĿ⡣
ᣬһ˱㵽˻ʺڵ
Ϊף˷׷˴񣬲Ұ׼õϡ
ԻʺЦӯӯ˽£ȴż򿪣ֵֻϸҾСģ
ͷС֣ŲԻʺ
Իʺסֻ֣ĳøˮһϸֱűɫˮĶԽصȹȹˮһİƣһˮǴɫɴֱ䵽ȹףɫƮǰ趯
ͷ˫٣֮ǶŰɫΪоĽɫȴǴһԴɫӡ
üӻͼĻ䣬Ŀת֮װһ㣬ˮƽȻƸźˮ̿ˣֻ߷֮òС
ԻʺߵԻݣҲڰдպҪ޸ĳΪŮӡаСȻȥ㣬ֲƿȥǰ͡
ǹɹͶ֮価ԡ
ԭǴҹӦеģ
Ի̲סͷ˿Լ⸱ģвɵĸпԼǳҾС㣬ôһССĸоϾͱСȥɵر
ԻʺĸоԻݲ޶£ҿСȻޣǹ󷽡
áԻʺһ㶼ԼĳޣǹҵŮôϲ
ףصʺޣˮϻ̳Ͽ֡
Իʺֿˣ̫ҲǼõģ񣬾̫ææ⿴ţʡҲġ˵ףǹҽϸ񣬽̳ôõŮ
뾲վлʺ
ԻʺģһֵĵӣߵԻݣˮߣҺúÿ
Ի΢΢ǷСڹ٣Сڹٰһӹ
ร˸ӣлʺ
˵ձȥֻһء
ԻʺصͷʾȥѹСǽ̵ĺܺá
л˵
ѽ뻻棬滻ˣҪѽ~


89 
ܡ
Ȼ, ԻʺȻҪл
ԻʺЦӯӯ뾲ǰ±˴ͻּ⣬ֻһֱ⣬ּɹ, ɻҿ粻
뾲ҲΪ˶ԻʺҲд, ׻صǡ
һֱǹ, ұ㻽ʷѯʣ³ʱ˳ɻĺӡԻʺĲյһ, żȻǸǱ㶨˰ɣΣ
ǣСŮ֮ȫʺİš
Իʺ΢΢üһѵģֻиѴҳ˼֮ſԳɻ顣ٱսûлػʳмִ֮, ڱӵļˡɲɡɼ֮Ҫһˡ
Իʺ˵, ࡣ
ȫȻһͷ຦ߵӡ
˵ʺ˼ȫӳɻ鲻ͬ볣, Ǵ£á˵ҲߵȢһ, ɱ´ͻңȫƾǡ
뾲ΪνҪԻʺһǰˮĻ£ԻʺȻʵ˾ȡ
˵, Ӷͻˮӳɻ鿪ʼ, ԻʺûûڵЩ֡
ùơ
΢֮ˮоųƵʱ, ȴֲôˡԻʺʲôڵŹˮ, 赣ġ
Ϊൣš
ǰ, һֱССŮӣ¶⼸ദƺͺӦֻ
ﲻ￴飬ǰ֡˸ˮһϲŮȫȻһҹӡ
̫ʦ˵ܾ࣬ӦĸûԹҵŮȻܰѹˮСͷѧʮʮ
̫ʦţֻһ˵ӦǵģֻǴ౻Ժ󣬻ռң»ռ֮ǰĻ޷׷ݡ
ټڰа׷ڱСΪα˻͸޷׷Ѱˡ
Щ꣬͢¶ûĹԱʤҪ֣ϼѡ
Իʺ뾲˵ŻĴŮ»վڵʺ˵ͺġ
ҪرܣȴԻʺסŰɡҪģûرˡ
Ϊѵؿˣֻ˵ͷ㲻ò
Իʺ»
»Ӧȥͩ˴
ͩһŻݵĺڽһ˿һһ覵ı񣬾¶ֳ
ˡ뾲ͩһ
ٽͩԻʺ
ĹŮСһ͵ͩ顣
۹ĻͩúÿǰʹɵĹʶտվ߲ͩûбð޹⣬һͩƵϢԡ
ֻϵĮԶȴߣͩۺʱȥһúƴһůģ
ԴӽĿбӵضԻʺ󣬶ԻʺߵŮһ޶õӡ
紫һ㣬ŮӺûȤ
Իʺȥ࣬ɣλǹˮ´ͻĶ󡣡
ͷվ˸ӣʰˮ¡
ֻһۣһԻʺĸ󣬽ձһع˵֮еļ֮ҪȥѰ£Щʱĸ˵
ԻʺæȻ£ȥɡһʱ
ͩҲǷĸ󣬶ȥԺź˵һЩҪ顣
Իʺͷȥɣá
ͩ˻ľ͸һ仰û˵Ҫȥ
뾲࣬źһǷ뿪
뾲֮ʣаǲԼĺӣԻʺλȻţȴġԻʺҲֻǺɫ꺮ůءĻǱ¼ǹţԻʺҲڡ
û̧ȥ飬ֻһֱͷԼĽż⡣
һһԱУǺķӦȷǣ뾡һа취ҪˮޣΪʢա
̫ʦ˵˸ðôķˮޣȻһҪȥɵ¡δ֮ǰΪˮҵĵơ
վԻʺԻݣʼնûаԼĿջʵʵذشһ󣬾Ȼ޸п
֮ӣ֮ʡ
Ĳţ˾Ȼպķ
*
ͩһǰķȥ
ͩв¶ɻӡ
ͩʵֳôˣ
ͩصֻǾЩ֮֡ǰڴ¼һιˮ׷ҳҵ뿴ҵģΪﶼ㳤мơ
Цһô
ͩ飺ǽգһ۶ûп㡣
ֻͩҪ˵ʲôΪصδĹҲеġ
ͩҡҡͷʾԡ
鵱Ȼ֪ͩʲô
ͩ˵ˮյΪϳ
գˮ׷ͩȥõĽ֪ĳࡣ¸ͩӡǣˮŮӵĵӲһĴΪ߾ͷԼ顣
ǽգ鳤ġˮȴһ۶ûп飬ⲻŮҺ߾ͿԽ͵ġ
գˮȥ׷ʱõдʣôϸ׷ȥΪΪ뿴ò˵֪ģֻǡˮһдʡ
ͩüͷԼϵǸɫɫ壬кȻðһͷѲɣ׷ֻΪϵ壿
Ϊλϵô⣿
ͩ˼
ͩûͷûβĻЩ֣
ȢڴҪôҪȢˮ֡
Ϊ׷ĺƷ壬׿ӦµġȢˮ£ᾡΪ
֪Ǹϻ۵ŮӼȻӦ£ȻΣ֡
*
˸˼԰֡
ȥ鷿
鷿ڣ۲һۣͷ۵״ǰѯʣ£Ҫҽ
۰֣Щ꿴˶ٱˣҲʲôο⹦򡣡
ÿÿԱĻ첻֪ҪȰ˵
վСڹ٣£ˡ
ۿ죬´


90 
̸һ֡
Ƭ֮鷿, վǰһɿĵطһ񣺡ݼ¡
ۿ飬ͷѵĸо˲ࡣϸش, ﾹЩʪ
ˣ¶, վ˶ʳ֮ڡ
ٵʱ, ģֻ㡣ü۾Ȼ˾ųɵơȻͩ
ϣֿǸԼĶѵŮӵӰ, ˲ȼ˹âȥޱȡ
۲Ծվ飬ӵϷЩ΢˵ɰã
⻰겻ڵıȻ˲仯ɺӣֱ, ɽӹ, һ·ﻨ, ֱյľͷ
˰˼벻ᣬⶫһػȫ߱
۵ı, ֹ£Т
ס飺Ϊܡ
վֱҡͷ׵ľȷġǶܣ游һ⵱֡һе֮ʵ, ԲܿȻ, ︸ƾ̫֮֡λǶӦõġ
, ǳ, ܹѴ, ʮǰͱˡ
οѵǰЩʱյ飬㲻̫ӣ
ЦˣЦɽӲȻǼδؾǶģײҪҲ²⡣ֻҪҾĶѣ˭Ҫ߶ҪҪƾһ£ո֮أ֮ʱүүԶĽ̵
صͷ
һ飬Ϊ鳤Ϊװɽһȣ
СдһǧĲۣƵʧȥ׽ͩѵܹӣö۵˼
ڵң֮ʵס
ʵǵĲʺϵ̫ӣ̫㡣
齡˶ı۰򣬼Ӳļ޲ʾǿ׳һֱ缲ĶһЩ⡣
ȻЩھӪԾ˿ͷô彡˶
ָָҲ̸һ֣
ͷӦ£ŶȥӶ˽ȥѥӣ֮ϣ¡
붫ӡ
Ҳִӣһ㡣ڶ۵ĶԽǴҲһӡ鷿ʱײ
Сڹ٣ڶֱһСϰ˲롢֡Ƥʡ۽һӦС졣
ǰЩСϰۣź飬һŲ顣
״΢΢ͷǷϢȥ
лЩ޴ź
۾̣ûΣҲЩ黹ʡġ
麬ЦһӣЩפر߹أۿűհҵ֪Զǧࡣûʲô游׷ǣֻ游ס߳ǡ
˼״ϣ˵߳ǣЩ岿ΪÿϺ֮ʱƵƵɧҹ߾ʵᡣ
Ѿµ̣۵ĺ̾ϴ󲿷ֵһƬʽá
ִӣ»صȺӲ壬иǿƣǿһƬƺƴԹˣʵֻҪ΢ЩֶΣһơ
һӣ̧飺Ѿһݵķӣ
ЦЦһŰӣں֮УһݲҽǶפر꣬ռ˲йر鱨岿νָơ
۾֪ǰǣͷҲصһ·򱱱ȥи⡣
һӣ˵
ӣϸϸ岿ڶ࣬ҪǵʵڶС춫˵һΪ̾ᶫԭʷḻţ˶ȱΡֵƷǿʹʹ˵춫ҹͨóǵţȡҹΡ衢ƥЩѷʡһö岿ᵽҹͨóոȶ֪ҹͨаٰ֮ã峢ͷزս¡
˶٣ּ˵в

٩٩̸ЩȥĺƷݼӼʱ̸Ļ
֪ԭһˣܰѱս˿˿ۡ
뼾һԣһ໥̽֡䣬֪һ㣬໰δ˵ڣԷѾ֪
塢в塢ƣ뼾ķ£֮Ȼô
䣬˸ľʦı֮黹δ˭
⼾ΪŮӣʵʱԴֵƿʵ޵
ȥɽӪӪȿʼΪܹ˳ոƶÿһӣǡôĽȼü֮
˵ȥĺƷ֮ǰԽǸһǽҾܵ߸ƹӼл̬ȵĻ鷿붫̸Լֻ޵ڴ
ĺƷϹӼı¡
ƶÿһӣԷΪĿģչıֵ
ո̣ȻķֺذռԻƽֻҪӻسʱ䣬ߵ̫̽Ӿͻ̽Ƴٻԭ
ھӪϢ̫ӱػῪʼֲ֡
Ǳʷֱڱǧ֮£Ƕǰȥܲ顣̫һΪ죬һٳ˽ͱͼıʵ
ԺֶΣַ鲻ھӪϢһᱻ̽ӵ֪
˧Ծ̰֮ģȻ϶һʱٴγǳأ̫Ӹƶļ޻ɡ
ԾһݴһôϲǲҲŹǧѷĺûᡣ
ֻҪ۲¼ҪıһܹܲأǶҪ
Ϊ¼ɣҩɽĶ
һ֣ػῪ
ȴһ֮ǰ˧ԾԵڼģֱȡ󶼳ǣ׳Ƴ
ֻҪ齵ô̫Ӳµ޵㲻ơ
Ϊ˱֤һƻ˳ʵʩ˵ڶ׼סһʱҲзųͼıϢϾӪУ˧¹ǡ
ֻû뵽ǣȻȲϹȡһ֮
鷿ڣ˶ԾӲӽβһ콲ոĲۣһӣ˱䣬ᱻָһһˡ
֮ϣһƬõĺӣȻƽⱱ֮ʱ֪رֳƬΧ˴
ۿŰӶôƬ̣ô鼸˻
̣ƽ֡
۶ӣЦˣδþ֣
׻صǿʢȵö಻ԣҲû¹ˡ
ﲻ֪ƽõġ
ıĻĸס֪˵˼ȫЩ̫
жβˣ
۴ϲ֮󼰹֮ѾԸȥ׼ˡҵĶӣڳˣ
òáҡƺԼ·ʱݵۻǻڸۡסδǻʱ
֪һ֣뼾վǶĶˡ
û˿Ծܾҫ˷ܣӵｭɽĶҲܡΪıһĿ֣
л˵
(>_<)³ˣһСûˣһš


91 

ԻʺŹ˵˺һ, ʾŻµӣȥӻԷϷˡ
ȥӻԷ·ϣ뾲Ź, ߵ˵ĸףӵ̬, ƺ²ôġ
˵ǲص֮, ֪°Żµ⡣ǲϲˮҲ
̫֪Щӵ硣
Ϊѩ̫Щ, ôȹġЩӶԣȢҵŮ൱ҵȨԼһ㡣
ҪȨƣ
˭޸ǣΪӣıǵҰġ
һ, ˿̫͸ˡ
뾲, ֻڵĹˮǸµĹС㡣½Ӷ̬, Сӡ
뾲ĵػͷһࡣ
֪һȻػʵɩɩôˣ
뾲ҡͷ, һȥ˺ԺӣҵСǣĪʧ˹ء
൭Цˣǣˮʡá
ȷ, ӻԷ, ǴС㡣
ؾһ𣬻Ӱ, ָһƬ۰׵ӻ, Цںˮı, ˮ룬Ϸ̨֮ϴֻ֮԰ӵſڣĳǰڵȴʲôһ㡣
Ⱥ˵ЦӻԷӻ֡
ʵܲóӦЩС㡣ڹС⣬ЩСйܸŹһֱߵϷˮ鿣ס
ӻԷļɡ
˵Ϸ̨ռؼ㣬ȦϷ̨ӡ̨̨֮üɽľγһպϵԲں߰ϣ˽ʮϷͤӡ
ÿشμڶ㡣
Ϸ̨ϷӣһһϷ
һΧļʮϷͤɢϷ֮Ƴ
ںߵĸͤܴƼϷ
ú󹬵ǲСǵ룬ǰھҲϯϺúõؿϷ
ɼ԰ӵʱʵһ
뾲ֵһϷ֮ͤ󣬹˿ࣺȤΧĻߡ
౾Ӧ£һˮסӣ˽̵ŹأֳҲʵʵġ
Ϊ˲뾲װһ˷ܵģģĸԸҳȥ
˼֪˼ţտɲֳʲôӡ
æվЦ˻ǣŮȥȥ
Ȼȹǣͤӣʧӻ֮
Ȼǳڱ棬ȻҲԸȥЩСۼĵطһͲĹС㣬ЩС㲢졣˵ԽԽĵ
ѵýô޵ĵطԼѰһطͻҲǺõġ
ӻԷĹϷ̨֮⻹ʮ԰ӡЩСΪͩ飬ȫۼϷ̨ΧʱԶ࿴Լһۡ
Ϸ̨֮Ļ԰ӣȻһƬء
˹ԺС߶һλСŮЩŮ̵ļãֻԶԶظţȴ¡
ߵģֵŮҺ졣
Һ䵽һ԰ӣˮߵͤſΧϿˮԼ԰ſڡ
ˮͤĲһżɽʯᾣء
࿴žȤȴһЩϸ
һŮ磬Ҫ˵ｿҴźصĴϢ֮
ôңֺο
֮
һ죬ԼŹʱûΪɽŮûв
ѾϷôǵĺ£ǲе㲻
ԥʱ򣬾ȻһڲԶ
漴ɽ֮жϡ
಻£ʶӣԼڴ֮
͸ݵķ϶һŮģŮӴӼɽ˳ȥӼɽһſӵ
Ǿʧ룬ˣȴȥһͨԹͲˣһΪĸµ̫ࡣ
ӴͳǰҲţǲҪԴˣű»ȥŵĳǷһ˶޴Ҳ㣬Ƚּ⣬ȥѰȥĺ£Ժû¿ˣ
ѾϵѽⲻѵüôӺ󹬳һʱûסֵܵû˵ͷͷȾƣ˵űѾԶˡ
ǸԻ˲ҡͷӼɽ߳
˲ʯһӲĻȣͫȻԭء
ҺȻǸܳȥĹŮ˲ǹŮ԰Ѱࡣ
С㡭
Һżػ࣬һѰ£
ǰﱡ
ﱡҺ캰ŹС㣬аãĴѰȥ
֪϶Ƕ㲻ˣվﱡҺ졣
Һ˲ﱡߵǰʵС㣬š
ĻҺ첻֪Ҫô˵ӦôӺ˵Ϊ֪ൽ׿˶٣˶١
ﱡ֪С᲻üת࣬ȭǷ
˴ϻۣô᲻֪ﱡ˼ûɵתҺ죬ɻʵЩˣߵ￴ˮ˯ˡ㻽ңʲô£
Һһൽ׿ûղǼ飬²ᡣ
Һ֪ϵС㼴Ƿˣͬū˵ūȥϢ
ЦЦѾˡ
תﱡķʵλǡ
ﱡ֪λˣȻͨ飬Ƿصǰﱡ
ԭ㡣ﱡػֵҺ죬߰ɡȻҺ뿪˻ԣĵطй䡣
ﱡֻλСЩ죬ȴּǲȻϷŹˡλӵĹС㣬Ҳûдô
󹬵԰ĴȻ뵽Ҳȷʵûˡ
Һ˹Ϸͤ
ԶԶر㿴ͤһЩģڹ뾲л
óӦԵľ棬ûнҲò˻ȥԶԶѰһʯˡ
Һ죬ҿˡȡ
ҺСһȣūȥȥ
˵Һȥͤòˮ
ôĵţԶСȻɧ
һһɫŽͼӣϣ̴ţ԰Сǽͷ˸ӣʰ
̫ԶЩС˵
Һһյӹʵλε˭
л˵
d(^_^o)ˣԼ˸棬ɫϡϣҲϲѽ


92 
ɧ
Һɨһ۱С㻰, һֱסھ¡
ͷһڲ裬ĵ, ԭǾǴм̻ʮֿ
Һգգ۾ˣºٽĽջμӻʺأ
ֿ̫ŶǲŶݵĺڽ, ɫĽߵﶼǺȺ
еĲ軹ûк, ͿԶС׷״յӻԷŸ
Һ쿴˿ϼ޵ʵС㣬ٹʱ, ʺҪʼˡ
ߣ˵ȺСôյ԰ſˡĵºܿҲҪ˰ɡ
Һףٽӻ
⻰С˵ȴڱ
Ȼûãͩһǰһ԰ӵŶ롣
Щԭһ˵˵ЦЦСǷ׷һƬߵģ
ĿɿڴһμЩСı¡ͲӵͭǮˡ
ͩһ·, Ϊ̫Сǰʰ
ͩǱ곤, ڹʱ鳤Цһһ, ˮ̸µ󷽡ûʧ, ҲԵԽ
һͷӣȫһȫЩǰҪŮһ档
ۡ
Ц
Һһһͷˮȫ֪ΪЦ˿ġ
òסЦ, վ, ѣס, ȥ
ƵЩŮ, һ, Ů¡밲
һֱøǰǽóһ϶
ŮӶͷǹС㣬׷Ծ˵ȥ
֪ͩ࣬ŮӹͲǱ濴ȥǰ˳ȻһǳʲôԵɣǵΡ
ǵһ̧δĻˮ
Ůòޣƫƫһֿסȫơ
һŮӶȻ˰ء
ͩЦͷС㲻˶񡣡
΢С
һˣЦŮЩ£˵ŮɷλͬһΣ
ͩͷ΢ƫʵǲǳϣ
üûлػȴǿ첽ࡣͩ࣬Цֱ۵ס
дͻּϣٲϹأҲû˸ҳһ
࣬м䡣
ȷʵСһŮӶԾ˵һߣǰҲû뵽СӵĶʱȻôá
ǿЦ飬һģ
ð˺ˮ£ЦһɡģƳŮ˵ʲôһŮû취ȥˡ
вãŮ˵ű
һۣǻˮֱðȻչü۾ھϻһÿĻȣСҵ𣿡
һЦ԰ӻҫĿµ֮Ҳ˹࿴Ųɵôһս
֪ǲã϶˼ЦһǺǣŮ˵Цˣ±桭Ů͵µǰûС۷䡯ˡŮˡڡ
ȻѾӾˣơ
ͩҲ̲סҲЦˣҾ˵δȤúܣŲһɣ
ˡ
ȤͲǸƲ磡
պҪ޸Ժаӹ
û
ͩ˶ѣ˵ĺ£Ȼٲ˱˽
ʲôƶʣ֪H֮ʣ̼Сдˡ
عϷͤʱù˿Լ񶼱˼䡣
ͷֽԼǰƮ죬૵Ů֪ˡŮϲҲ֪ܿܵδķںεأùںεأŮ
⻰һ治֪Ӧǿݹˮݵ񣬻Ӧʹһٲʡ¡
뾲ۿŹ˵ͨ죬Բĸףˮ³ˣҲûá
ûˮˣ䲻һ£ȻûзӦֻû£ˣ
Ŷһʵʵ
Զһͤֿﱧһյ裬ѷŹС㻤ǳȺ龡۵סǣδ޵ǱЩ˷ŮȤ
ۿҪͤǰˣӱ߳ȥ
Ӧȥ顣
ͷŷʮͤĿתضźϷ
ͩȥкɡ֮ǰҹصΪ½һˡ̫ӡʮ弤ȼһѻ̫Ҳôϵ
Ҳϵϵ̫죬лֿĹ͡
ȷʵӦôк
ֳߣȥȥ˵գֿͤȥ
ֿĽŲһڲ裬صлҵĻͲ˵ˣֱҵõĶһġ
òֿû뵽һĲҪ
ֿ£ҲֱӴĹһ۽˵Ͷһиö͸塣
ֿȤزͷʵʲô
ֳ°ͣһһȻС㣬ͰЦ˰ɣ
ֿһѸղźȵĲȫ˳ȿȿȿȡ
˿״æǰȥı˳
ֿڰ֣Լ˳˹˵㻹˵ҲǹôûǹСңǶ˼ֺαô顣
鶢ֿҪˣ
ֿĸڸҪæҡͷҪ˲Ҫˡ
ινٹ⣬ո󣬳׽Ͼ
ڶĵλһֶΣҪƵŻתǻ˵׼ܴӦ
ֻֿͬ꣬ռ˸ֱߣʵһѧʱ򣬾ͱһ˹ϵ׺һЩ
ΪĻүүֿ׵ϲСĶֿҲϲ顣
ǳȥԣսķϲһš
ͬˣ๲ͬ⡣
ԼǹʽƵԭֿ˼άģʽֿ֮ӵ鲻ھӪϢԼЩʱ̫Ӷʱ뵽ʲô
Ųؽ˹
Ϸ̨ϣˣ
ֿһüӾ͸Ǹһϲĺĺ
ôˣŲ߲ˡ
ֿͷԼȣѦ԰ꡣ
Ѧҵҽ޳ҡţܻõġ˶ֵƽʮƥ㶼Ľսˣ
ֿüһСӣ㣬˳ѰѹأĻΡ
ֿйɨһֿˣԼ𣿡
ֿԾ˵ûȤƲƲ죺ҽ˵ǳŻʺѡһѡ
Ŷһ˵أôڳֵΪֳһѡء
ֿûƢֱּܾû¸¸ɣ˭ԸԼŮ޸һûǰ;ȳӣ
ֲڳϵְ˵׾Ǹԣɢү
Ƕ۹Լ棬÷䵱̫ӵѡ˻ֿôܷȥ
گǾǲӣƵò
ֿڸī˺һӣصصˣӻԷڵĶܰҹĻɴˣĻҹǰ
ԼҲɻ飬ûʸȰֿ
ֻܾţ̾
ϼĻȼ
ϺϹҹҪʼˣûʵĹƺеޱȡҹ֮ϣһۺɪгĻ
֮ϣиɫŮ˼
ҹĻ֮ʱʱը̻ӣڶʢģ
˶תͷȥţ̾š
û֪֮һııݡ
л˵
ѽ쿪 Ůɽ 
飺ϱڳɽˣ
ٲͶˣͦʣ
飺ûȣȷʵ롣
ţ˻
ţЦУȷ


93 ˬ 
㻰Ҫúûش
ѡʹԱ, һʱܹɵġȥΪ˽ԱѡȻҪء
Ϊ͢ƷԱĸȻǲȥ, Щѡ˸Ϊͻ, ȥΪ
ѡɳʹʹ, Ҳż
ԾȫȨƿأһʱӡ
̫Ȼ뾡ܶ󰲲Լˡ
ԴӿʼѡʹԱʼ, ûͣЪټղ¸֣ĹԱÿն붫
ʱæģǱ񲿡
׼ĻʼҼ֮񣬶׼Իʺ񣬽ž鼰֮
뿪, Ǵ, ҹҹƷս
ѧ۽, յȥ齲̡֮
˳ȥ˲, һ飬ƵزʱסĵطǰС
Լʱδʱȴⲽеٶȣһʱ, ŵի
ͩĽīȾıſڵ, վһʱᱳʹ
ͩʱӹ, īȾſںŲɾ, īȾ黹û
īȾػص֪ǲˡ
ͩüô, ڲ￴δʱˡ
˵ţ㵽ˣͩ΢΢Ƿ¡
ͩ˵ͷȻˣǱһȥɡ
ӦˣԼĹٷͩš
ѧ۽ʮһΡɳ͢Ա뺲Ժ𽲽⳯͢ʵʱ
Ŷ𽥳꣬ȥ˷ءѧ۽£˵̫ӵ£ûжӻִˡ
ȻѾʮ ûнܹ֮ڻʼϣһӡʶֻҪҪδӵݼѧ
۽ǶնѡȻʲô¡
˶ó¹ֻһˡȻֻһ׷ϴ󽫾ţپƷ
Ϊһƺ̫ӵӣʲôλְеġ
붫ǰĺ˸ùϵԼ;˳죬Ǳг͢Ա޿Ρ
һͽĻ룬۵ⲻԶ
ͩȥԵס԰ӡԺһȺʱڸ֡
ٵһʱδʾǸ⣬ֻһ񣺡飬¡
ͩһԿֱüȻ֪̫ӵˣû뵽ȻôѶӷ
۽ٵһǸⶼûС
ͷ룬ЦЦʵæ𣿡
ƺûв仰˼صЩæ
һ˱ʷ棬±ʣֱߵʪֵȻæΪβ˵۽ûգ
治ɫף¼¡
һԵͩ˵ʲô
ֳȥæա
Ѿֵֽ̧ͷͩ
ͩɵ飬һƽƽ÷·һƬĺ޶˵ĺ¡
飬ͩӡֻһΡǰ¼ʼ֮ƽı飬̫Ϊ
ˣʢŭ
ֻʢŭʱŻⰲ
ְ·ſڲݴʨӣھıһ㡣ﻹԵã֪Σա
ͩЩǵؿ룬֪ȡҲ޿κΣֻһ̾뿪ˡ
еĺֵϣ£ҳӹ飬۽֮»в׵ĵطԷ顣
ӹһԲ
û鲻һ㣬µشӻӹſʼ⣺ҳƣӹ贩
ȫձơ
ǰĽ⣬Ǳ顣
ԺſڿһᣬһֱǸ԰ӣһְֱı飬֪ͩתصأҲٿԹԵ뿪ˡ
īȾҲʧ񣬸ͩҲ̫ˡ
̫ӵˣͩīȾǰУˣȷʵ̫ӵ̫ʱʱļڲſʼ
īȾ²ôˡ
ͩεЦЦٹΣ̫ӼȻҰ밲ȻЮǵֶΡв˷Ƥ£ȫġĹЩѾ̫£ĲˣȻҲļ̲ʢݣʮһҲʮ̫һ·ݻô;ѾΪһ֮ף
īȾЩǣӡ
ͩƺ֪īȾڵʲô˵£ʱ˼桭鳤ôˣѧǸһӣȤǰѧõʱ۶ôĵݣĽȥ
棬һԻݵȴֻǷ
ִûôڣǻӹҪ·Ʒмʮ֮࣬ÿһ뿼
ǰһ죬ҪԸڣڶղǹ䡣
̫ӵĹȣӵĹ˳ùԱĲ񣬵Ǻλ׹ݵһٵҪμӡ
ʳڻӳķ̨Ҫװ
ộֻ˰ʱͽˡ
ʵЩƣСʱѧ񲻹ָϰһ顣
ʵ£Ѿϣ֪¿ɻʲôʣ
ᣬĬƬ̣ʵҵļ֮ҵĸȥμ𣿡
ʵһ㶡
˼Ƭ̣صǰȻǿԲμӵġǣǰѾ˿ּ̤ͣҵµ֮Ա˼¼ڰǲɸĵġΥ棬ǱΥ
Ŷ̧룬Ŀҵĸμҵļ֮ʲô취
뼸붼ûͻصܡ
й䣬شʵһʧϣһˣл󡣡
ѾԵز鲻ãһ֮֮󣬱Ҫʼ׼µĴ֮ˡ´۽ʱǽվ΢һˡ
վ´ΰա
ǡǷûҪʣزȥˡ
ͷߣұ㲻ˡ
һ񣺡ˡ
Ŀ뿪Ե鿣˫ֻ£ڹ֮£°΢΢΢΢
*
飬̫ӵ롣
ջصͿ̫ߵ̴̫Ԫſڵ
̫룬벻ҵ飬ͣ򶫹ȥ
Ĺ˶鷿֮ڡ
л˵


 ⷽʽ 
Ŷԡ
Ȿμ3µ4ûѡϣͿʼÿ
V
ġСäޡѾдd(^_^o)
˫ڼ˫һдԼ20WңϲԵıǿԹע¡ҲV
ӭ棬ѽ


94  
ĸһ顣
̫ղ¸ⶨĳʹԱ, λȲ裬΢΢ͷʾ⡣
벻Ҵţֻͷ, һߣꡣ
һ߿һߵԪ, , Ͳ衣
Ԫȥһ¡
һŷеĄ, 룺ȥܵ۽ʦ
пˣվصǡ
Щʲô
µ˼óȥ˳һ˳̡
ܿвĵط
һ£ص¶Թ̵ûʲôʣֻһϯԱ⡣
üϯԱ
һߵĺЩ졣
ʳǷʸϯӵļ֮񡣡
⣬ȥ, ˫£ôشģ
, ɡ
ѽ͸˵Ļ, ָһ
˼Ƭ̣˦, վӹذա
Ȼ첽˶ֱʺȥ
ż֪ı, ɵ̾һѾֹһθҪ, Դ·һֱܽ
ڵ̫Ӹ˸оһǫѷĺôɲ֪Ϊΰȥ, ȻԽü
һ, ˡ
ԼͷѪ, ǲ淴ʡЩĵʧֻҪ˿ԱƵ淴˼һжתء
ʱٴе㲦Ȱ˵°빦
һƬѣúֵ
뵽⣬һݣ飬ҾȻղ¸ˡ
Ҳ˲
һ·ߵ÷ɿ죬һ̴ӣСܸšʹоĹŮ̿󣬷׷ڵ·ߣرá
һ·Ԫ̫̫ӵ¼ݵ
һڹŮ¹ӭӣԻʺԼĹ֮⻨ԣ޼￪ʢİײ衣
̫ӼݵҲ޼еļӵݸߵԻݣЦ̫ˡ
΢΢Ƿĸ밲
ԻʺԻݣȥ׼̫ӽɡ
⻰һԻݱ֪ԻʺҪҡԻݶԹĹŮʹһɫŮǱ㶼׷˳ȥ
Իʺȥ˴
Իʺ֮ϣӵ̫ɡ
£Իʺ˼ңͷϾǺ
ߵ̫Իʺô˵ע⵽Լͷϵĺգ̧Ĩȥܼ֮֮񡣡
Իʺͷ֮֮ǻһжµķԸ׼׵̫ӻкʣ
Իʺòʵ֮£֪𣿡
ԻʺüּϢ֪
ȻͶˣԻʺʲô΢ػ󣺡Ҫȥ񣿡
סѹס󼸺ҧ˵ⷬ
ԻʺЩǣǺңֻǡ£ҲϿɵΪҪ˷ѾĻȥѹ
üԣƺ̫Сˡ
ԻʺȻ⣺˱¸Ĵͻ飿
̾һڵڣֻǾãڲѹסպ󡭡¾ûлˡ
ԻʺһƴӣΪ֪ʧ˶۵Ļġ뱲ܹģֻ̫ӡ
Юס飬ұ취һ֮ԻʺһڲƤӵ»̫ˣʱγжˡ
³ɣӺĻڣʹ£ҲͷϡϾӹ֮ϣĸʧ£һ¡ǱƫҲҪһ顣̫һڲ裬Щʱճֳ͢ʹѡҿȥϾȨĶо£һжϤ
ȨѾϣϾȨٽļǵ˻λҲâڱԻʺ֪̫ѣû뵽ôѡ
Цô취ء곯ţսպǸϾɱʱҾ־򡪡ûоȨ̫ӣҲҪܹ˱ӵӡ
Իʺÿÿ뵽ˣ̲סȻ£㡣ĸײϲңҲϲ㡣
ҡͷĸѾᡣϲϲҶҪˡ
ԻʺĨĨ飬ͷ
֪ԻʺӦ飬ػҪæһ񣺡ĸ󣬶бҪæиˡ
Իʺվһ˴
ԻݼˣŴӵԭļݻԻʺԻʺصԭȵİײǰһһ俪ʢİɫɽ衣
*
ʱ֣ҵĺŷȥŷȡʳ
֪ΪΣյŷæµƽﶼûϵĹҲ˻
סһţʵôˣŷôæ
Żش𣺡ʺλ
Ŷ֣㲻ˡ
Ϊ֪лʺּ⣬Ҳ˸˵
Ȼǻʺ룬ǳҵʳȻҪһˡЩ꣬ѾϰĴѹӡ
֪ѴȡȥˣҲ
Ǻŷſڵʯϣŷѻʺʳ׼á
ɫ𽥰ŷĹŮԽԽ٣ȥŷƽҵ׼š
רŸҵʳġȻϸҵʲôɽ亣ζǷ˵ķδٹ
ãڶ߶֪꣬Щֲڵ۾Ȼʱἰպһ¼Ķ
֮Դλţú¡
к󹬴磬ԳҵʳҲúЩ
Ŷһ缦峴޷ԼһѶĲ˺ķ֮С
ŸˣԵл
Ű֣պûʺͣжġЩȥգΪʺ룬ﰤˡ
֣£ˡ
˵պŷУ뿪ŷ
ڻسҵ·ϣѾŹٷĹԱСڹ٣ﱧųвƥҴ߹
Щ棬ⶼҹˣôйԱڹߣ
ЩߵķкȻĳһͷ˲øͷһ·ЩԱҪЩԱȥʲôĵط
̨ԽԽľԽԽ
ԭЩԱҹװĵطǷ̨
ڲǼʱʱװ̨ɺֻ뵽һ
סԼĵļСؿפط̨ʵλ磬̨Ҫ׼ʲô񰡣
̨ں󹬹ϽΧȻ֪ǰڹƷ̹ùùٷŮǱߵźŮ
ں󹬻쵽Ʒ𣬱Ȼĸλ﹬Ľ̹ŮЩСԵġ
ʻش𣺡׼ӵĹ񣬶ʮվС


95  
ҪȥμӰĹ񡣡
ӵĹ񣿣ļҪӺ˳, лС֮󣬼һ·񱼵ܻسҵ
ŵĶּɫô, ֻԻʺֹĨǵҺ鷳æֳȥίˣ
顱һѶˤ, ŵͷȥ
ֻһ˷, ڴڴ
ôվ
˼ڳһĭصʮ, Ҫڷ̨йˣ
ô˵еķôӦ˵ϣһϢĸоֱͷźԣʵ˻棿
ͷĸ˹һǵģǧȷūۿģʺ, ūõʳЩ, ع·, ȴֹһֱйԱ̨ȥʱڣǼ, Ǳʲô͵ĵҪڷ̨УūţǰЩʱ޴Ļһ˿ңȥˡһ, µļ֮񣡡
۾, ţȴֲòš
Ķ, ӱ, Ҫл׹ݵע¾м֮ˣǿõ, һ˶
Щ곤ҹϢһֱлʺ
򲻿ܴӺ̽κй鱨֪ĴҲǰʱǰ㣬ı˾ͽ˺µ¡
ǽ£ȴǺӷ̨ģǿ϶ġ
˷ܵⲽһ޵ʱ򣬳˲ڴ
ڣһ
Ҫȥļ֮񣡡
*
ʮ壬鼰ڴ
ȻûҪ͢Աμӣǲسμӹ
мΪɵĵ̫ʦ游̫ʡԼûвµ١
ƣƷϽҪμӡ
ʱ硣
Դ֪˽鼰֮Ҫȥμӡ
΢֮ʱȥˮԱԡ
Щж۵ּȻҵסţһӦԴӦȴѾһλӦеĴˡ
¹Щ¾ɵĻãȥԡ
ĨزӣЩ˵ȥ᲻᲻̫ã
ѵøˣʣкβã
ʺûگȥҲûּ˵Բμӡ͵͵ȥǱ֪¡
û˵꣬
밲ֿ֮ã޷չΪĸ֮ˣڡǲƼ꣬Ϊĸˡ
ԴӰǰ뿪ȥ˱Ҳû˹ˡ
˿̣紺ش֮ʱЩ࿪ŵĻһ㣬ȲҪȥ硣
Ѿµͷ𽥺֪乬ǹزסġ
ӾһɳĮƣ۾˶ôп˿նЩ֮ųɳĮ֮
ΪӦǻģ򻨳ݵʢ
˵ĬĬȥһԼѾƾɵĹװϡ
ʮǴ򵥵ѣҲ޷ڸס
㴩ҵڳҵȥȥͻء
ţ֮󣬱Ҫš
ʼնģ棬ȥҪһЩ
ٳŵʱȻͷסĺ򣺡ˣзִ硣Һúţţ
ҧҧ촽£ǡ
֧ѽһҵűƿСش̽ͷ˿Χﱾ˼ʯ̳ɵĳ֣
ϵš
˱緽򣬵ͷŷ̨첽ȥ
תǽǣһӰԾ˳ҵĹǽ۲˺һӣȷ˳ҵȷʵֻкһˡ
Ծ¹ǽԻʺķȥ
ʱ˿̣ͩĻԡȴ¡
ľĿ
Ų۾ͩŻӵĳھرϣˮ˸һЩˮ
ҡͷָָ
֪ͩ˼ˣˮ̫ߣմ˿ڡ
ͩЩһŰɡʱ磬еĶ
ͷһվӱϵϳһɫĳۣԼס
ôŽţǰһ࣬𼸸СˣͽֳҲõ㡣
ͩüʳԣ
ͩһۣһڰȵȫ
ͩ˵ԽԽûˣţ
ǹ˹죬ͩھӪŵġôСҲôСﹻԣ
˵ű豧Ҫԡ
ͩ״æһ£֣
һ´òᣬ֣ࡣ
ͩƽ̵һʡĵͯһʳĹأΪĲдģ
صʳ
֪㻹㲻֪ͩһͷһݸ飬Ѿˣٳˡ
һ˵ؽӹŶ
Դӽ˹ͩһֱҪעء
ߵĹأŵĹأ˵ĹأһһͩѧñòС
ѹǵʮֿûд£
ͩôҿҪ޴Ҹ̵ֺúý̽ˡ
һ뵽ԼҪѧأæ˸ˣֳҸĻ𣡰ѽ֪֪ȻԶҲ֮˼˷ŴԲʳǶۼƣҲҪ
һڰѰͷִһ̾һĹرǶࡣ治֪⹬ﵽʲôõġ˼ͷҪ
Ȩģ˵ʲôõģͩûصһۡ
ֳȻͩû
ͩôûͷûԵʵһ㶣³üʲô
æеľҡͷûʲô
ţֿϢһᣬ˽źˡǶԵ۹˵һش
ڵҲ˿ҵ
ԣҪѼʮССĲȫҲȷʵһ׵顣
ЩźĹŮѾϰ߰Ǵôӵ
ǰŮŮæģһӱϡ
֮ȥãǰڣٳ񣬿ʼһһεļ֮
ӳҹܳĹŮͷ̣վ棬˲
ʱĩ񲿹Աʢװ飬ӷ̨Ŷ룬һ·źشʣƳ


96 ץ 
Ĺôܲ
̨ܵĳǽϹ˺ɫļС
ǽ֮, жӶվ־Ŷճĳġ
ӳǽȥϰŲӭ, м֮˸׳ϡ
黺˼̨ݡ
̨, һ, ʼüسʡ
˶עŷ̨ǸδϽڵӡ
ԶĹ̨ϣԻʺŨױĨ, ¶Ц⡣
ˡȥŵĽָϡ
ȻԶĹ̨ϣһƬ
ǵ÷̨ϵ˶Ŀȥ
еĽڻûиϣ̨Ͼֳô󶯾, д, бۿ졣
ǻͷ, ̨ϣһڹŮڷܶ½һŮ
ǸŮܵü졣
״, 漴ָŹ̨ǳȥһµĹ£
ֳһӣΧ˹ȥڳǽϰǸ¹̨ĹŮΧס, ԭء
Իʺץ, ӹ̨
Իʺ, еĽֶٵС
ۻ, Իʺ
Իʺ̨, һ񣺡Ҫ
üʲô£ܵȵɼ֮
ԻʺǷ¾йأԲҪڴʱ
һ飬ֻڵϣԻʺ󣬱
ԻʺվֱӣԭҲʲô¡檷ڹ̨ϼһ˲յĹŮѵ⡣˭ǹŮѵܡ檣Լ䣬һϤ
ϤԶסĹŮˣ
ּڳҹġ͡Իʺ˵⻰ʱĿϣɵļ֮ȴֲֻٰܼܳ繬𡭡ȴ˲ӣ˷֡
Ȼû뵽ǹŮһ㵣ô᣿
Իʺ΢ЦţǲԣǸŮѺ֪
⣬ڹסˣֱȭ£ĸˣ϶˹ݺ
ɱ죡۵û˵ķݣ
£
˵ЩʲôԻʺ󿪿ڴϣɣ֪㻤ĸУ·ͬСɡǱּּ⣬óҵ뿴ԼӵĹ񣬿Ҳּܿ˵𣿡
һǸڵϵĹŮв̡
Իʺӣ֪еɣ򲻻Ļᡣ
Իʺ£йغ󹬷ϡձģѧ󹬳檻ι̣ܽ۹кϣ
⻰һԻʺѾѶ۱Ƶ˾Ŀ֮£л
ۻر۾һȣǸŮ´
ڹ̨һɣۿǸŮѹǰи˼иı顣
ʶȥһڲӹ̨ϵͩ
ͩȻ֪£עľŷ̨ûκα飬Ȼǣڹȴǽ߬һ
ۿǸŮҪѺٽԡ
˷Ĺ¥
ʱѹ
ʱ̨
ļ֮񣬾Ȼ˼ʱնƣʱǱҪѰս
Ҳ˵ǳɲˡ
δš
ԴӶ꽨𣬴δ˺ŵĵ©ŵǣжεģĸڹóһΥʥּҪļ֮
ôҲ룬ǰ֪һˣȻôͿ顣
Ǿֵɫתۡ
ֻɫѿһŭʱضпܱ
Իʺׯڶ۵Ķ棬붫۳ɻʮ꣬һ̬Ͷŭı顣
ⳡʮ⣬һοʤ⡣
ֻͷԻʺ֮ɫĸ󡭡
ԻʺøѹɣȻЩ⣬Щܹϥ¸š㲻֪أ£Ҫѧϰһ³͢ſм֮񣡡
Իʺͱ˵Ļûκηء
ЩԻʺǹ˳ˡ
Щ걻裬ڽյõ磽⡣
ǸŮǱѹ˷̨ǰԻʺߣȻ̧ͷڣ۾ūɣūɣ
Իʺ΢Ц˲ϡ

ȻͷȥֻѹŵĹŮȻǳҵźùú
˵һԻʺ˲ըˡ
ôᣡ
ԻʺΪԼۻȥסΪʲô㣿
һֵػصػʺĻһֱūūŽ¹ﲻūҲǺõġ
ʺ󣡡
ۿǺȴǳһתһŭйԻʺ
Իʺӻ˵ģûŪΪκ
̽Żġ
ǡ̫ߵ˳⣿
ǡ
ɨһۣ鷽Żһֵģתۼͱòпһ£֪ºп̫ӣ
ǣǴ￪ʼĲأ
ǲܱѶġ
Īǡ
֪¹©Ϣ֪ݺŻὫƾͼƣ
Ҳûл黥ͨϢ
ǲܰϵô޷죡
һ۷
ôܲ
һ˺۷ôһ˶ΪûȻɾһ飡
Իʺ˽⣬ôõĻᣬܾô
һͲЩ֮У
ʺ󣡡
һԻʺŻعص£檵ǿˣԾֻ̨Ҫ泼ȥһ˳ҵһ֪
㻹ûֹ𣿣
鵽ǲżˣվԶһ񣺡£ļ֮񵽵Ǵ˳ļʱû˽ԳҹûвĸҲưոݡǵĸһȥŪԭίԭί֪£ʱ򣬾Ƿ˭ҲҪи˵
ۼУеĲĪ˼֡
֪ΪΣ˵ǻһȶá
̨ϣ̫סˡ
⻰ɾ֮ͥ˵Իʺ޹ʵʱȡ֣ҪԻʺʧΪ֪£ҼԳͽ䡣
ʺʧ£Ǵ
ȻڷϺ󣬵ǳ϶Իʺķ΢
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ҲŬѽǰǡ


97 ı 
ôĹһң
ϾԻʺĸ, Щ̻ʺ̫ӵȨƣڳûٸ˵顣
Ǵʱ谭ӹʧͳ飬侮ʯ˿²̫ܹѹס, ôѹסأ
ͬʱ̫Ȼ뵽µĿˡǰ, һݺ
ص˵һ, ôע⵽¿һ˫
ѵգȥ۽, Ѿĳֶθаˣ
̫ӿ룬ɴ۾һ֮ɫ
ɣҲʶؿ̫ӣڴŭĿʱ΢΢һ, ʧɫ, Ҫȥ
ȴ, ңָö룺ôĹ, ң
ȻҲ룬ֱֱ˹̨
ԭأᣬ粵ĻᶼûС
̫ͩ, æҲ, ̫ӣһ, һ˹̨, ̨롣
Ըۿ, ڼݳҵ
һ˦зڼݳҵ
Ǽݱһųҵȥ
̫һ·ߣԻʺǼݣĸǿܱˡ
ԻʺأܣԼѡӵܣǲܱǣ鼰֮Ϣú͸¶ġٴܡҲûɻɵҵͷϣ
̫ڶߵҵѾаˡǸ֪ôĶȻʱˮ
룿ʲôϵѵȻ롭ԻʺȻһó۵ʱѾ֪һ֣ˣ
ûдͨ
ڿѹĸͨõģ
ȥ̫ἰϯԱ̫Ȼ뵽ǿгϯĺֻҪ̫Ӷ˼Ȼȥݺ
ƾͼƣƭһֱڳҵӵĶȻٻسҵú滻
һеһУͨôϵ޷죡
ԻʺеӣǼѾ˳ҵſڡ
ǼݣԻʺ󣺡ʺ̫һȥȷϰɡ
Իʺдң̫ӽץԻʺĸ첲໥ţ˳ҵǰ棬ʺݵ̫Ӻ׼ܵ
Ƭ̣㴫ʺ밲
Իʺҧʵ㣿
̧⸡ôҲദ˶ʮꡣʺЩʲô檻ܲ³һġ
ԻʺҪȥȴ̫סĸ󣬱棡Īˣ
ԻʺڴڵشһֱţĶţ˼ŮӣڻôĳǸ
Ǳ̫ϳҵġ
Իʺ󣬳ʵ㻹ʲô˵
Իʺ󻺻۾ڵأǳ檵Ĵ
һһվڱϵĻ
ʩʩȻߵǰȻһ
ʺʧ£ֹʹʱ𺳡д˵ۺΪ֮Ůӿģ䷢֮鲻һܷڡʺȥóի𣬳д𾭣жȥһӦ񣬽ɻ
Իʺȷʵܱ粵ֻܵͷл¶¡
һΣǳһ
̫Խ֮һʰԻʺ޲̫ӣԻʺԼȻ޴ĴѵĻᡣ
̫ӲȥȰ˵Щ̫Ƕ顣ԽȰ۷Խء
룡
һŭ𣬻겻ʱ
һ·Сܣǰ¡
۵鼰֮աȥʷֵˣһѡӰɣ
벻̧ͷǡ
·ˣȥ˵ͷҲصǼݣһ˵Ŷ뿪ֻԻʺ̫ӡ
Զ̫æԻʺ󣺡ĸĪӡ
Իʺס̫ӵ֣飡ǵı£պҪԴŻհͲ㡢ҵӣ
̫пɬ
պĻڶߣԻʺѾӶ¡
δôڹӱٻ
飬ڶ̶̵ļ֮ո󣬻ڽռ֮ĸԻʺͳ󹬵Ȩ
Ҫǵģӽ֮ڳ֮ϣ
͢գȻһӣ
һؿڣͷȻѪ֮
ȥ˻ϢͩȻܸȥԺ˱飬г
붫۷ֱ֮ǰĿɨսս롣
Ҳ飬ǰЩʱգȥ۽ʱ龰Ȼʲô
ȥʱѾͩһԶˡ
黺ǰУһΣҪллֳҳ¡
ͩЦЦҪôˡ
֪ڹ̨ϣǻĹŮסԻʺĹŮùҲܲôԶȥԻʺ翴ǸŮǺùãҲûкôˡͷŽµʯ塣
ͩصǻĸ֮֮ͣǺġ
̾һֻͩĸں󹬺ùЩǻִƺ󹬣ĸ㲻ˡ
ǣ֪ͩ˼һĸ˵ֻǡô֪֪飬Ҳȥģ
ЦˣΪĸ̫ʵĶŮֳ֪ı̫£游ҵְ塣˵Ϊ߲а˼ǡȻִܵϲǲò游ΪʦΪ˷±ҿͨ͸ס
С̫Ӱ죬ΪҲһԽƵ顣ȴԻʺʧơ̲ͩסп㻹Ǳ˽ࡣ
֮£Իʺ̫аǲ£ĸҵ۲ҵĹǶԲͷ죬̫ȻҲôͶ֡
Ҿ֪㲻һӡͩ۵ȴĵǣ㣬ʽ̫ӿս˰ɣ
Цսһ㲻ϣֻһǣǡáøӶѡǰ⣬޷ֳ֮ǵˡڣһˣұҪЩ곯֮ϲ֮硣
ͩͷõõҵľܿڡ΢ᣬܻЩô
ֳͩĪԷƱ£һĹ͡
ǵģȻЩ飬ġͩصľٶȴЩ£еĸ˳
л˵
Ŷ˵ˣʷ֣Ƴࡣ
ĵط


98 ʧ 
Ҫ̫ЩС˹ڦ
Ȼ, ڶգδ£ڳ֮ϴķз
̫ѹסʷ̨, ҲѹסЩ侮ʯҺš
֮ϣļҡԼҡΪτ, Իʺʧһ, Ϻ
̫ӸЩ£ٲҪԼȥ粵
, ǵöۺһٳ
³̫֮ӻصһ·ϾǼʲôʲôݲݱ˺ɼƬСڹٸݵĲյҲ˺üյ
Ԫں棬ʰ
ѩڷ￴, ڷƢ, ǰЩʱԻʺ, ֻĸǾȡ
ת˸˸Ƽ顣
ϴιѩ̫鷿֦֮, ֦Ҳ˵ûˡֻĬĬظѩȡ
ûеѩ̲ס˺üǷ
֦ЦˣСһСһǷǰЩæʺ𣿡
ѩ飬, ܾþ˯ȥ˯һ, ŷЩͷա
֦ͷ̹ѩ¡
鷿, ٶʲô, ɷȥ, 鷿ҵģѾ˸ɾֻһϣԼ
һֱĿվһߵꡣ
֮󣬱֪ⲻǰ취ûΪβ˵
ſۣȭǷ񣺡ͷϣ¶죬ǵõ¸
֪Ȱ˼滺˷зŭ
ƽſڵڣ΢˵𣿡
һۣ˵
Ƿ΢Ѿֹһθ£²Ǻǵģʮ˽⣬ʮȫذգòҪ
һۣ˵Щ𣿡
ֱӣȻáǵ»£պ󣬻Ƚոѿ
ԡ
˵Ӧ֪Լ̰Ӧǵٻµĳԡִѹ¡ӼҲǻҧ˵ģοӣһֻڱǡ
Ѿ侲ˣ۾ֱضһǣʼ˼ԼΪ
˵ûΪȫñ̫⼸ݡ
ڱͼıݺĸҪ޷ڳÿһˣǾ֮ء
鲻𷴿Ǳûһ·
ֻԼƵĺܿ࣬ȴһеĿˣȻԼ
ɫ֪Ѿڿʼ˼Լʱˣ£һǿƣ֪ڻʺϣǶԵġնּûʺһ䣬ǱǷȻѾˣĸһЩա
⣿
صЩʱÿ³֮Ҳʺһ㣬ȥڰաҪڣְֻĻ¿Ժú÷˼Сһ¿֪Իʺ֪ü𡣶ʵﻹϿЩĹģֻҪ·ȻͲ
ҪЩʱЩ˹ڦĸ󣿣Ӳˡ
ҡͷѵЩ鵯Իʺˣ˭ڱ󵱿ɽ𣿱ҪֺӵܣҲҪʱġô̬ǿӲȥ·ĻᣬЩڱµĺӵܣҪ˳ƶϡʱ򣬲°ӪᱻһһȥʺĸңҲꡣ̫ӵӦҲжţЩԼЩ¡
仰ѡ
һòŵ֪ˡ
ֵϣҪٶҪΪµͷˡ˵ҪΪ£˵ϣܷΣ½áѵܹҲһʱûκΰ취
ҪȥʺʾȷʵҪʱｨ
ûػصһῼǵġ
̬˲٣֪£̫ӵ˼Ȱˡ
Ȼִ֡ǿƣǲʱơֻҪԸðǰǫѷ̬ȣҲû˿ڱ˵л
ǣ⼸յĳã̫еİ
ûз͢ԱҲûԻʺ䡣
ֻǰЩ˽йһϬǴ̽Ķ䡣
۾ϡ棬󣺡̫ӣ˵һ˵
ʵһǷ޻˵ֻջعȥۣĸȥڰˡ
£Ҫ˲ġ
Իʺʧ£ʼգжһڳ֮ϳ۳ҡûԾ֣Ҳû˼
̫ȻûбȨЩڳ֮͢ǲСԻʺĸһҲλ˳
Իʺʧµ飬̫ӵԼұտڲԣѾòۣ侮ʯΣ
۸ͲķϺ
£̫֪Իʺ֪֪ͩ
ԣԻʺʧµĄӣֻڳգɢˡ
Իʺʧ谭֮£һֱǰǷ̸ʡ
󼸺ҹҹΡԳ͢һߵľ棬ЩΪ
̫Ӹղºȴֻܽһ̣򲻿ʱȥ˵۾ùͷ
ߡ
Իʺʧʧƣ˺һдСԼŰ󹬵ĸƷĹ𣬼ǴѪһ㣬Ըɱȥ
ǰԻʺߵ֣һĶˡֻµ˽̵Сµһ˵ȡ
ʡȥÿոԻʺ󳿻趨ʡҲźԻʺһ㣬յ밲л
һӦСĸӹ̵ҽԺúõȥƲԸŷҵЩ̲ʳ
һ˷粨ĺҲԴΪɣٺ»֮ˡ
ô˵ദЩʱûжйһ˿һĲءϥӣԼĶӹһ¡
Դͩصʼ飬һжʼ˳
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Щʱգ˯ȵҪˡ
̫ȥ÷޷ȥݷãûа취̫ӽյ顣
Ȼ˵ȥȴȻʯ󺣣̫Ӷᡣ
һһյļ尾Уʷֶ˵鼰֮ӡ¶ʮ
һ̵飬һȴԵţݷ顣
īȾԵ鿣ȴŲ
ſڵԵ£˯δ
βҵֻܹվſڵ
̫絽ƽߣŽʱŴ򿪷ţ룬ȴҲֻЦЦԲס顣ʱ
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OSú˵㲻˵֪ô


99  
㻰ܺúûش𣿡
վͷۻ, 㣬ֲҶԣֻɫ顣
һȻԵõ, ʵ֪飬кǰ֪أ
һ, 벢ûһг, ۣصع, ݣ˾ŸͷһĴ
ʽߵݴ񣬱һļЦֶԲɫ, վֱ, һּȻĿ, ʵǺ⣿ֻһƷƷͬϽͷ, ˵ǲø˴ġ
ѹӣͷڵϻص΢ǳĳ
һ⻰ô˵ģ
ֱӣȭݵΪ֮ǰ, õµ˳һʱ, Ϊʱѯܷμӵ¼֮, ûоȥ, ΢޶, ǵ²ˣˡ
֪飬޴ӺִӺأ
ֱԣޣڳûµҪ£µ˼ۣǶû֪Ҫμӵ¼֮ľġǳСµ˼ֶΣ³Գ·ųһ
۾ãȻЦˣְһѣǸˣҵϲ˵ա
̧ͷȷʵǰ࣬վø߸ߵͷ
£ǰУԻʺҵĹϳ˷ͷ˶ȻҪͷϵġΪҪμҼ֮ϢΪһ죬ȥԻʺҹѲٰ繬Ůҵļ֮񡣡
ͷ͵øˣרŸ֣޴ӱ粵
鿴룺ԻʺһҲûҵٰ繬Ůƻ˵۹Ӽ֮񣬴˼ʱʱҪ¸׼һ֮񡣴˵۹֮ĸ֮¿ԭԻʺ󣬵۹ʷҲԻʺôһʡһУΪ㣡죡Ļ
۾ĲӦ⣬ӦƵĻᡣ
ʱ֪ԭ˵ֶǣ̫ȣй֮޲
벻ǣ鿴ڵһʣȻһ޷ͷ塣
鵣˰ɣڳ֮ʮأѵûѧӿڳ𣿡Цô죬һΪ˵Ǿ仰ҽ˵ġԻʺһ־磬ҹıġڵ㣬ȥͣҲ޴˵˰ɣЩʱݵӣ̫ӻӦ𣿡
ͷһԲ
Ц̫ӵȻ㣬Ͼȷʵҵǰҳ̸˺üʱ˭ܱ֤Ǽʱ棬ûбձʸ͢¹˼
ǵģʱ׵ĵ
ڵ־֮⣬ǻ죬Ҳ޷̫ӽ¡
̫ԻʺӼ֮Ȼԣ̫ģҲʵ
ʱ̫Ǿ仰ʱ򣬴δǾ仰ĺ˵仰ȴѾ֪˺µķչ
ڲ֪һ۽ʱĻһʵġ
ʳҪģ
ǣʱиûӡ붼ֱһھܾ顣
ֱ־翪ʼ鼰֮жϡ̫Ŀʱ򣬲ź֪ݺݵˡ
Ϊ˲صĴۡ
ݾߵĴ񣬾ΪϷһȱסԼΪ̫߶֪꣬Ʒԡ
˴棬ǱǰٿĪ
λһģܻԻʺ£ԣǱѡ
ҪģֻһġԲٿص顣
԰֮λҲ԰֮λ
Щ꣬Ϊֺ̫涫۵顣۲ɲϲ
ʱ̫ҸͷԶű߽
·˭˵׼ܲܺúõػŵ֮أ
ʱ򣬸û·ҪôͶ飬ΪҪô̫Ѱͷű߽
븴ֹ£һݣ֪ˣ±ػ·ǣ
£յĶߣĵʵȻԼĴһ顣ҵĸμҵļ֮ʲô취
ͷ߳һͷصΪ
ôʶʱҲͱˣְչչۣɨɨϵĻңůǾˡ
Ҿ˲ͷϵĺ
Ե鿶¥¥֮ϵͩôһϷޱȡ
֮ǰδȻֱֶ۶̫һֻ۰
ü̫֮һ飬붼顣
鲻̫񲿵𣬻˳μ֮ʸ
ֻͩս
ֱڲ֪׵ĳɳѾֻҪ£һǼ˳ĳ֡
磬̫Ʋ¼ӣǿ롣
磬뵱̫ӣ뾡һа취֮ԼĸƲμӵļ֮ԱԼݡ
磬֮£Ʋĳ͢س̫ӵ𣬸Եͷһ
ٱ磬ǵĸףĶ۾޷ƺ̫ӵӣ
ͩԭΪո֮âϢ
ȴ룬ȻڶѸ֮һǡ
սȻһֱ̫Իʺ󷢳ս顣
۾η壬ĺڵ֮£ֻѪɱ¾
ǰ֮顣
Ŀǿη壡
ͩ︡һҵ޷ʱ˿ԼοһЩǾηһЩ
Ķ¼ȥůϢϮի
︴գľʢ
ֶͩһ԰ŵ㣬˫ۡ
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գ֮ϣ붫ϱۣ붫ּӵĸ¶ʮսеļ֮
һһĹٽǻȻ
֮ϣǸ˶֪̫һĳ͢¹һˣôʱ㣬ôһۣվ飿
̫ӵ·뾹Υʥּ
뱻ȵ۵е״ԪһдһֻŽ¡ѾͶӵ׼ģȻܾôֶ
Ķ귨䣬һһоΪĸԳϯݡ
ִʥ֮ݵ䣬սȺ壬һа١
ó֮е̫ӵѻȸ
£۽᰸´ʣĸμӼ֮񣡡
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飺С޲ֱ(^_^)v


100  
ӺֶΣһ̫ӵ񲿣
ɨһ۴֮Ĺ, ǰԣصͷԺͷĻ, һּɢ˰ɣ
˳һ˦˳ݡ
*
̫ʦһ·ߵÿ, , Ѹ
ס̫ʦͷĺԼ˹ȥ
ӹ˲ֶ, ֻһͶ̫񲿡һʡ͵ĵư
ǵͷһУɱӺ²࡭ףˮ飬µ۾
ָо̫ˣǺ¡
ص, ߱߶Թˮ鷿
ͷ, ȥѰˮ
̫ʦ, е飬ȥ˹̫ʦ鷿
鷿վڹ̫ʦ, һࡣ
֮ǰһ
̫ʦ˵ҲûпѯʣôŹ̫ʦ
̫ʦûˡ, ޳, ֪Ϊùŵİѱȴ޷֮ġȻԵ, ÿոóԳԸ˯˯, һ㶼ĵӡ
Щʱһͳ˸, һǼ棬ͩһǽμԻʺȥ飬˳ͩͬ·
ôЩʱӴ˾ͩ
Ѳɣͩʲôϵ
뵽̫ʦȵ£
㶣΢ͣعڹ̫ʦǰȴ˵һ䡣
̫ʦûʲôҪ˵𣿡
̧ûС
ǣ̫ʦһʲôϵΪÿγŶ
Ϊ̫ʦҪʲôͩ
ʱù̫ʦ̣ЩػصԺӴˣ̫ʦҪɵĻǿвٲˡʺѾȥˣ̫ʦڲңѲڳ֮Ϊѹˣ
̫ʦҲ֪ԼһҵһȣסͷֻЩǶѡ
ǣ಻⣬ֱ˵
򵥵ذϷ齲һ飬˳ѶĽҲʵ£㲻𣿡
໺ԼϣŬŷŹ˵顣
òŵǵ´ӱʶң
̫ʦûлش𣬵Ծ˼
ͷȻ⼿õȷʵһЩΪ̫ǡ
мݡ
һûˮԹˮ졣ϴԻʺ֮ϣ¹һ·δʲôɡ໰ͬҽ뿴һۡ
ڶʶǼٵĹˮΣ̫ͬӵĹϵһ㣬ϡͲ޸ǲĹС㣬ֻҪйͺá
ʶҵݣҲҹʦҲ˵ڻǴ磬ɽΪЧ޵ݣܳΪҪЮҲκеİѱֶΪأ
ϾⳡһʼͲԼҪģǶǿģպܲһ֮δ֪ڿµıͣȫɡպ󣬾ϲҲС㶥ס̫ʦʲôأ
ʵ飬̫ʦӦÿףֻո̫ʵ뿪̫͢ãû˿ԶλãֻáֻҪ֮ϵˣ֪ôҲ
һףŹ̫ʦ֪̫ʦ绹Щʲô
˵ˣôأ
̫ʦȻ൹мƣһ˫ֵ̽۾ֻһֱڹҲ޷ҵЩ˵
Щ֪ȥӦЩҪЮŶԡ
ʲô֪𣿻ͼ
ǣĶ̫̫࣬ӣ̫ʦһʱҲ벻ףֻܻһ֣ȥ
鷿һĪ̫ʦ޶˵һβ硣
Ϊڳ̫Ծ
ڳ֮ϻԾڹҶԲǺԺ̫ӵıϢ޸֮󣬹ֻǿ
зնˮеǻʲôµģ
Īǡ
վһ̫ʦ鷿кȻ뷨
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¶ʮգٴνм֮
һ磬ȥҵ˹
һ·Сܵ˾ң·һһչ֮ϣȻȥľͰˮ
Ѿˡʪӡ
ϵ·Ỻ¡
ҲˣǸ˵ӣȥμµĹˣԿˣɱٿˡ
ӣͷҲһ֣ûʺʳ
ڶûŪô֪ԻʺߣСʵôʶԻʺֶεģ
ףҲûʲôǾǽڵģȻЩֶѡôһ˵ҵȻĶѡתһ룬ԻʺơҪȥɹ񣬱ֻ͵ܳҵҵǲ±¹ңҲҪһ룬͵ܳȥԻʺץŵĺ
ͷԭʱεضŵ¡
ֻ̫˽ʺԽǲɫԽǾֹ죬ǱȻҪСĵûлڳ͢룬бָּ飬̫ʺô޶ԡ˵ˮһɿӦ
ϵˮһһϡ
ȨǼõġƣ֪ûϹױһ׹˵űѻ͹ױƴ򿪸
Ȼ֪ʲô˼
ԻʺʧֻʱġֻҪ̫ԼҲԻʺͲһֱի
Ѿ˳ҵɣԺֻҪԸ⣬ҸλĶָտɴ顣
ױƣʵڸҲλ
Ͼ̫Իʺ󣬲ͩ˾ܶԸġںҪһѡ
ױƣ̽ġ
ôأҪҪ̤ⳤҵΪҵѣ
ױϣ΢
ǰ뿪ôҡ
˳۵һʱοȴһβӣִΪǶ۱ߵġ
һֱ𱸶۲£ֱ۴ŭ¡
ʱ۱ĺܺãû˼ʱ֮϶۵ѴֻԹԵطһƢ
ûã󱻷Ϊ̫ӡ
Ϊ˼飬ϴ棬õʱͷöڴ佫Ķᷳ
ܳһ۱޾
Ϊһ谮Ķ۰һ
ǣʱʼ۾ͱǰһˡ
ֱԸɱԻʺѵ⣬ԽԽٵʱȻ򡪡ǸǱٰۡ谮ӱˡ
ڣһ
һԹΪȣһȨΪȡ
ǸɽˣһºϻҪһӵվǴʧˡ
һĶš
۲ʳ顣
󣬶òڳҵң˰ꡣ
ڵǶʱ⣬ɵЦԼһˣڴ顣
һֱģֻǰǰǣӵɽӡ
ױɡź򻺻
л˵
СãױƣlianԭָŮױʱõľϻָŮӴмҵļױ
֪ҾʹӰٶϰǿǲġ


101  
ĸã
ϲ, æױƴ򿪣ó죬ױ
ɫģϸüɽƵԶɽ, ۾һĺڱʯԵǶۺʱȥ, ϶һǵ, δ£
ʮ껪, Ҳ޷ڸž޵֮
ȥģһɫŽ³ɴذɫƵĹس˼µͷոպùһ٣ɫĻü䡣һֻҡܷͭбһ·
ŵģһ˵ĸ֮С
װ֮, ź, л
ͩҲ, Ůͨݵʱȥ, Ȼһģʧ
ԭĸľ绪
ϵΪֻ֪ҪԸʢװϯĹ, ǾʹԸ߳ҵ, Ϊ
΢΢һףø밲
ڰ֣Ļ˵աͩû, ȥ׼ˡ
ͩعǡȥɡ
˳, Լ, ôôÿƤңöûмʢװģˣ֪ԼףȻӵʱҲһȻĶĸо
ǵĸףǱǵ˰ɣ
ͩЦЦȻӢѹ˹ء
ڣȲġ
֪üС𣿡²յ
صûмֻжš
ò𣿡
⣺ʲô
ԼȢ˹С㣬պ̫ӹϵӽˡ
²ʱĦ˻仰صǡҪ°͸ɣ
֣ĻǸƢֵúܡӦ˱ҪѡʵԻʺС㣬ûɵĻ£Լ뷨ĸ׵Ҳÿ𡣡
ЦɵĻǱ¶µģʺʱӦѾ˵ˡ꼶СˡҲóɼˡݲ๡
ͷþúǱá
˵ţīڴʱˡ
߰ɡ
һι񣬻ʺûںĹ̨ϣȻ˳ʺࡣ
ԶԶʢװӷ̨ųĲһֹ̨סˮ
ʱ꣬ټۣӡҪӲϡȴѾûôˡ
ϡ
鰴̣붫һ
ۻļּܿͻᴫ㡣Һú׼
ףñ²ˡ
ЦЦ˵̨ϡԶԶģֿǷݺƱľ֮ɫ
״ʵҪȥĸ𣿡
ζļ򣺡»ȥˣȥسҵա
仰⣬Ƿּ
ߺŹ̨ȥ֪ϺĹ̨ǵּ⡣ĸۣҲôţ뿪ˡ
˹̨ǹؾصظһ
޻ϲ֣Ҳ֡˾ţųҵС
Ϊ໰Ҫ˵˭֪˾һ·
첲ޱȵ
úЦòȻͯԡ
ۿͿ쵽ҵˣŵĸ׾ûлͬ˵˵
ص˵ʲôǵһҪ̫Իʺ󣬰ҽӳȥǸҪŵδޣֻ˵֪ɣСëܾԼÿĲˣûһŮ㣡
鱻޻˵˰ŵҲûϣҿĸ׾ͦáʮ˱ȵ԰޵ĻԲ
Ҵ򣿡ûصһۣЩ꣬㲻ǻģЩǸ˭ѧģ
صЩ꣬ĸҲͬ˵İ
첲ƺӣĸ׵Ĳǡʱ㻹СӲҵȻܰѽ
סЦ⣺˼ǣƷѶͽ¡ĸףۣ׵㡣
¶һ飺Щ겻֪ӳûȴǽ˶˲١
ûͲˣûУ֪Ƥ츳ʱΪ˽̵ڼơ
ĶӶˣƷҲòÿնˣ֡
鿴μҵĴ𣿡
Ц˲ģȢ׵ʱҲȥݼԻʺ˳ĸ󡣡
ס֣뿴ĶϱڶսлʱҴ
𣿡
һҺ뿴ӡ
ͷҾһϲġһޡ
üǺʱô֪ʲôģ㲻ǶŮӲȤ𣿡
ͷһҵģԻʺϡֳҲΣ˵ǸƤġӦöӡ
ԡ۾ôľͽ˴ͻ飬ôй˵ʲô
զ࣬ˣôͲ˲Ծ
Դǰ뼾ĺƷ֮˰͹İȫ֮⣬Ҳû¶ˡ
û¶棬ϢҲûݸ
ۿڽҲûס
ô׷ʣҲû취شֻܷܵʲô㡭Ȣ˭Ȣ
һ飺ô꣬ûпϵŮӣ
ϵŮӣ
һ֪ΪΣôһ˵һֵŮӾȻǼ˦ͷһĻصӪĹ
¥ûۡ
̲סĸףһǾǰɰһЩ
ôϣ̾ɿ֣ԹԵؽ˳ҵĴŰ˦棺ôôɵӡô/·棬һͲأ
洫һԶǵðҵĶϱҿŶ
ԭأôһȻޱɿļ泡ô޶˵Ľˣ
סЦһ񣺡£ذɡЩ꣬ξϰˡ
ЦùöЩ˼ЩƱš
״ˣʲô
ϴι۹ù˷ǹȥùõ㣬ԼЩ
¡ǺαءҲǣҲǣǰӣвӵĵ
㶣Ʊת뿪ˡ
սеƱапʵС޸£ͦġ¿ȥһӣʵԼߵǼõġ


102  
ߣȥˡ
֮ĵ, ͻּʽ·ŵϡ
漴ͺ˷Ҫѹĵżˡſÿնǳˮ
ЩʱÿյĹǸ뾲ںһЦˣÿһǰͺķԼҸЦݡ
ϻ, ЦԼ߷߰ɻ治˸ɵ¡
ﵹǱȹ徲һ, ӵĺ붼Ʊ
ΪûԼĸۡ, Ʊ֮Ķһ߲ô, Ҳûطš
׹ݶͳһѡƱֺôֺõĶ
ЩƱɵЦһߡ
ģȥ˵ҶӡôƱЦúϲ£죿
ֳֿ̧һȣ©ϣӡһīɫҶĽ, Եøʡ
ü, ֿȥʮô˵, ȻǸ׼ġƱɣ
ֿԵģֱҡͷ, 㻹ڱ߾ˣô˭ҪƱ
ⲽֿߣװĴһȻĿֿϵѲɣŶϾ, רŸ˹
һȥֿüȥ, ǸĸȻûи㲻Ҳһһһĸ߻İȫ𣿡
һµ, һصͷյֿĶߵľͷһ, û, ûȤúܡ
ֿƳһ飬ЦϲϲҪ㿪û
ûֿ˼ʲôҿû
ֿüŪۣǸ㶮ã
Ǽֿôɧӣغʵĸ
ֿһӣòеڵϣû
ţü
ֿһꡭȥӪס˰갡
ɵһֿҲסӪסլ𣿡
ֿҲɵһ飺㲻ҡޣֶûɣ
鷭ֿһۣҹﲻǮ𣿡
ֿһ鵱ûӰ
ᵽƲƲڱǰǧﲻǮЩƥǮȥٶӶĳȥ
ֿģһԭȺã鰡
飺
ֿȻһסļ򣬡Ȼôүʩ¡
ְסСĵ㣡ʲôëϲϣ
ߡֿ鵱չһһذſק
ȥ
ȥõط㿪ϡɾûôˣϽġҸ˵¥̹ǿǣأȣһ
ֿԽ˵Խ˷ܣͲϡ
鵱ˤֱ£ܲϣ
ǲУ϶ˡֿԽ˵Խϴա
ֿû취ֻܱ
ϣֿੲݸС˵ĺáһӣųֳ۾ų⣬ֿڱߴߴ
Ҹ˵ͣͺúõȥ
졣Ȼһ
ʲôֿûӦ
һȻѳ·˷ţסԼ
ֿӴչѹϣһߴӳ⿴һߵʵ㿴ʲôˣ
ָָǰʵ֪ǳ˭
ֿ˴գֻǰһɫĸǵšʢ֡
ֿеͷһ⳵Ҿʢӵ
ʢȪͷſϵֿ
ֿʢʢȪӵܣĻǮˮ̻Ĵ˵ĶķˤӳһиĲйصĵط̲ͦʢݣ̫ĹӣҪҸ˰ɣ
Ŀ֪ʢôطҲͦ
ֿһ˭Ʋ˭ӣȥˡֱԣǰ
˵ţֿСĴָĴָСĴָ˸⣬ԱʢȪӵȫ治
øʣʢȪҲܹܣ
ֿʲôЦһ㣬Ц⻰˵üи̲ĵ㻹ȻǵﶼǺߵİ
ѧֿЦһĻڵԭ磬ɱʢȪĵٴˡ
ֿüһӣˣô˵˵ֻѵˣ˵ʢȪô
鲻죬пˣȻû˲
鲻ţһˣûʲôӼ
ֿҡͷҲ˭ר´󰸣Ҳ˵ȥﶼ߰ɣִǳԿһִˡ
ֿ˶٣ڳϣֳ˭ҹܣ˭ָʷ̨̲̫оʢȪҲҪ֤ݲǣͷʹëƵûȥˡ
û֤ݣ֤ݶĨˡҲδ֪۾
ֿ֮ɫʧ۾ֱֱضǰʢȪ˶ðʱб֮ɢ̲ס˸
ϣ˺𣿡ֿǰ˻Σûʹˣȥ㻨ڵģ
ݳĽ˵ǰǾ͸ʢߡ
ֿһҪʢȪأҵ죬Ҫ϶ҪȥҷϪ¥Ǹݺ˶ҵĲ˰ҲȥҲȥ
ָֿͣüȻȥǾʹظ
⻰ֿ˲ͱˡ
ô룬Ϫ¥ٵûǲģ㲻ޣҲǺõġ
ֿֻҪڸܳ棬ֻҪ֣ȥĶǺõġ
ֿʵˣ㲻
һֱķ򣬺͸ܿǰʢȪһ㡣
һԵֿչеӣ¶µЦݼš
µ죬ҹȰ쳤
ŵʱ򣬻ϼȾƣŸʢȪһᣬĲҹؽֱ˵ƻ
ɫĵƻ΢ҡҷӳƲҹɫе£һ޷˵֮
ֵԵĸ¥֮ϣ޵վоŲ豭ãŽֵµ
ЩֹţŹأȻȥɫȺȴ֡
˻һ¥֣
ֿһۣ¥ڸڣ


103 ʢ 
붯̲飿
ʲô𣿡ѵòʡ
ֿ֪ⷽǸûʶ, ȻĸúýһĹǸ¥һĻǶСŵ, һ¥λЩԺźǵӡŮԺרȰµС, øĹһĹ, 黭ͨǱ֣߾ͨϷ衢Ʋƻա䡣֮ܶ, ĹһŮ˵Ļ롣
ԭˣͷĹñطĹ󡣡
ֿÿɷ񣺡Ҫô˵Ҳûһ̨֮ǰ㻹ҪණЩϡ, Ǯ, ҪȨơ
ûıģ䲻һ䡣
ֿһŲŲ, һҪ黮޵ӣʲôӰ
㲻˵ĹҶŮ˵ĻҾûоͨıԵġҲ֪ԼΪʲôȻĳôͷ
ǺʹȻҪŪһֿ, ЩǸɫӰˡ
ֿûػصûУѲһƵŮӣһӰһֱһֱܾ, һ
Ͳ, üʵγԣ
ֿЦǻӣ檶ǳ¡ҪҸıŮ, ԺܲͣˣֻҪǸŮ, ϣԼķֻԼı˵ǽֶκݶȢȥŮ, þһƿûʡģĿУٶ࣬Ǳǲðˡ
鲻˵ˡ
ֿ˵ûǵݣȢÿ˳µŮӻȥãһһһ˫˸ǳ˵Ρ
ҲõģĻ£л㑨ģͺúõ׼ա
ֿתеӣȻһͣ˵ӣʢӵĳͣˡ
ֿÿȥһ޿ı飺ǷϪ¥
ûطԹԵҪϪ¥ߡ֪ſڵС˸סˡ
λӣǵһǷϪ¥Сһ˴ԹģȫŽ»Ĺү
ü
ֻհֿΡ
Ϫ¥Сû飬ֿȴֵĳ֮ͣϣϡ
С˿ڵֿһһףЦϣλүǸžģ
ֿѾſڣֱֿ㶪һӸſСˣЦûĹҵҲ
СֽסֿӣݺݵسԼ⣬ӡĵ˵С飬飡λү֣Сȥ֪ͨλ롪
˵űƿţһȥҷϪ¥衣
һᣬֻһʮͷǱõŮӣӶ¥Ůһֿһϻ̳Ͽֵӣͷ첽񣺡ˡ
ֿһΧսȥʢӣȥĸݣ
ŮЩΪѣӡ⡭
ֿͷ
ĽһȣҪ
Ůӱȵһæǣūλү·λү¥룡
Ϫ¥¥¥ݣֱһ̨׵ģһб¡
Ȼʵб£רŸ޵İɣ
ֿ̧ЦЦϲˡ
Ƿˡ
ֿеӣ˵Ĵ;¥ݡ¥ĳбܿӪҵ
㻹ΪǮӻĲʿһ¡ؿֿȭصóá
Ϫ¥Ŷ˵һż䣬ʢӾڸڡ
ֿͷ١СڵԺȡ
ŮӲҵֿӦ֮󣬱˳ȥ
ǿǽŸڵĶ
ֿϯϣֿţһֳֻԴҲǵģˣǽǸ룬һҸ񵥾ǡ
һۣң
ֿ֣ٹ顣
һᣬŮӣһãһųٽݡŮڿϰ߹ϺõĲ衣
ŮȻ½ˣ಻ʮ꣬ԼģûôֵĿˡһǽʲôվһλޱİꡣһϯϣۣվͲǵĿ󺺡
˲ܿʲôҪк΢΢һף裨ٷλү
ֿӦһ㵯ֵ
ǡ
Ӧˣ㿪ʼŪе١ˮ㣬Ƴģƿ磬䡣
ֿܵıۣӡ
ǲʢȪĶ
ʵҲʲôصλϣֿĶ棬һ裬С֡
ȷʵ봫е¥ֲ̫һ
Ĺﺭߣῴһ˾Ȳȥֺãһྴķһ㣬ϸˮĸо
ֿۣˣЦʵΣ
ʵص봫¥ȷʵ̫һ
㶼ûȥ¥֣ô֪¥ʲôֿúܡ
ǰھӪʱ˻ȥģһЩ
ֿ飺ģʶûˡȱǮ˸дŰǧ˰ٺˣܰ׽⣬ǶǼҵˡ
ôûػصô˵͵㣿
ֿһ㲻˵ô֪ȱǮ
һƻȥ
ֽֿסҧһڣлˣҸ˵ܿͻֿˡҸһǰ㲻ʲġʱǮ˱˻ҡ
üԶ²졣
С˼λ꼶µĹӰ죬Լͬ໥һۣ΢Ц
һϣֿóСӣС˵꼶裬ͣ
Сˣվ׷Ƿ񣺡лλүʹ͡
ʵʢӣĳͣ
СЩΪѻصλүĹءǲ˵˽µġ
ַڰϣָһһõҲ˵
ֿ飺Щɢӿ겻𡣡
ֿȻһЦǻô
㻹治Լˣֿһۡ
鵭Ȼ豭ǡһգһˡҲ⡣
ʮСֳ棬ǲһûãӶûơôӦֳ档һʱ֪ҪǺá
ֿһ֣ȥɡ
С໥һۣӸˡȻȥš
ֿڶ飺붯̲飿
л˵
ָһ㣬Ү(RQ)
ļҪ˰
֪
d(^_^o)Ҹ㰲š
úã´βҪˡ
(>_<)ߡ


104 ͸ 
£Ǳ徽
Լһյ, ̧ʲô⣿
ֿһᣬƽûһ˿Ц, ֪ģæɣôջͲ, ԻʺȨ, 񲿡ֿʼ̲⣿浱⼸̫ǰ׵ģ
£ֲԶ硣ʢҵ, жšյһڡ
ֿһ˰ɣ˵㲻˭Űǰû֣ȻôС۰벻һʱͱƵȥսȺ壬ĸμ񡣽붯̲, ΪҲ֪ʲô֮ǰ, ʢݶߵЩʦ⵱ٵ, вӣСʱ游ְ壬Ļ˶һ󣡲ôô, ôѧùԣ
üֿ
ֿ㿴Ҹľ仰˵ˣЩǵԼһлݻıĴҲҲ͡ҪǴǸϺ֪³֮ĵ, ΪЩ˻ܵȵǰ
ֿ, ƽ˵ҺȻ֣Ȼȳ, ĲϹôϷʲô, 㶼֪
ֿ, þò뵽һĽͣҡôҲ̫ѡЩ£Сѧġ
ǻүүԽģ鶢ֻֿȻȥ
ֿѾǲĸ׳ʲôˣЩºĽ̵ȴһֱͣļδȥ
壬һ⣬شҡ¡
ֿ顣
ⶫ꣬ǵүүҪ𣿡վⲽǰƿӣŴⷢ΢һֵֿĳãǶʢеģ̫ӣĿԳϣĵ۹𣿡
ֿĬƬ̣ڻص룬̫Ӱ裬졣ڵĶ꣬ƻԻ͵Ľֵһ㣬ֻһҹĻԻͶѡѣɢˡ
ȻΪô꣬Ϊ
ֿͷԼ޷ȣ¸ͷζһ𣬽ֻпɬ
ֿζ˳һ̾Ϣ³ˤȿʼҾѾûʸˡ
鿴ֿ𽥱֪棬ӦἰˡǲֻǾҹĻµεƻյķʢޱȡ
*
ȻֿС
糯սȺ֮һ֮١
飬ɻ֮ǰΪأʳء
һ飬ö۵˼󣬳վڳ֮ĬĬ佫Ƿ׷ǰ顣
վڶǰеĹ˵ǲ
Щʱ̫ӵΪԻʺԽذˣʱû˸ᷴ
ǣ鼰֮ѳɣӦƸأɻ֮ȥ֮
ȷʵơ
Ϊ֮֮ͩ󣬱˷أȢ뿪֮ȥˡ
ʱ飬û˾⡣
ۼ͢Աû˷ԱʵΪӵķأӦ÷
⻰һ֮ϣ˽ͷӶСۡ
ǰķӦ÷أ
һ֮󣬱˽ۡ
йԱǰһ˵Ϊ¶رԱָƣͷⱱ֮ء
۲ԡ
йԱǰһ˵ոһҰԹ̣ܽµķط󡣡
мԱǰ㼺
ȻͬǶһּǾǡ̶꣬Ӧ÷Ҫأر߹ְ
ۿ̫ӣʵ̫Ϊأ
̧˿ۣȻǲһǷصΪսպգո󹦲û֮ʳӦġ
󻰵Ͷˡ
ü˵Ļ
Ȼһ˵÷⻹Ƿ⣬֮ΪͲˡ
⻰һ֮͢һСȻ
ȫȻ˳͢ϹԱۣ˵ױ뾩⣬ʱ̵š֮֮ؿԶܳԵÿѾˣȻˣסڶգҲ÷¡ߣҾС㲻ñҪΪǴСûгԹˣ뿪ǲӦ̫ҲġԣãǷ⣬֮˰ɡ
һ಻ĳ͢Ա̫ӺȻù˳ܲӦ
ǹнǺǺһЦ
УͲ޶£Цȥȥ֮ȹ뷨աɢ
۸뿪ظϡ
۲Ŷȥɽ
ӦȥһĲ裺ºһȲ裬Ļ𡣡
һۣ㵹ǻ顣
ӣūǸûĶˣǱ²ˣ»ô̧ūūܲ𡣡
֪ƣЦЦˣȥſڵȵɰɡ
ūȥ˳˵š
סիʳǽúܣʱˡǹؾصڶǰ񣬶û̧ͷֻǼͷŰϵĄӣҲΪ˱ġǽϣأ֮ȥ֮
󣬵ͷӦˡ
̧飺뿪
ЦˣǻӦѭ񷨡
ۼʵûȥĵط
ûУȫװűǡ
ۺτӣֱߵĲ裺ߣ̫ȴߡ
һЦһߵͷ⣬ҳҲˡȥпӵء
ôģʡ
صʵﶼһǸҪұȥפر߽ײұϵĲ֮磬游׷ǡ߻ߣһ߾ȫöøáӵıְˡ
ش𣬶⣬ϲӣûʧ
֪̬ȣ۱㲻̽Ÿջûãסһ˵֮֮պ˵ɡ죬ͼ
ӶĻͲһŵϡ
չкѡһլӣʹ͸ۡ⼸ǰŷ޹ġ
Լסһ㶼νסĻܱھӪ
ײ˷ġֻҪУԡ
ǰվߣſǵĸͼ
䣬ĸӷˡķΧԭ֮࣬⽨Ĳصĳǽ
һȦĳǽסŵļǳ͢ƷϴԱؼ۵ȻһһĹ󣬵ҲլӶԸ
һɨȥͿ˼ռؼסĿլЩլӣһĶһռУ
鿴Щլӣжݣָһףա
ۿȥָֻĵطǴУլӡ
ŬԼļѰй⴦լӵ˿⴦լӣҼǵǡ
ʱ̫ԶЩǲ
վɨһۣǰʾ£Ǳ徽


105  
˸Цˡ
Ŷ, ԣǱ徸ۿƬ, 㵱Ҫլ𣿡
ͷƬУСʱȥ, ϲЩ, Ѿϰߡסĸ, ԰ǺÿûطҲûطȭ
ۿŵͼƬռؼУĬš
ЩѾ˳ϰߣպǱ춯ҪȥսսϵĶ, ȷʵܶ, Ҳָլӡ
徽, ǵȻ͵ġ
լռ㣬լӺУʩս֮ҲһӦȫ
ЩլЩ궼ûʹͳȥ, ޷ǾЩĳǾûӢңһҹ֮ȫڷվƬլǰƶլ»ҰİµأžþûɢȥѪ֮м, 󻬹, ͷȥȴֿտյ
㲻𣿡̧顣
Ц̹ʲô
۲Ȱ˵, ֻǿ죺ȥ顣
Ƿûб½, ˡ
Ȼᡣ°, ϺôҲϽͷΣƷռڣȻϳա
룺ʮհա
۲ǲУʹźܿҪˡȥִ֡
üףҡ
ȥա۲лؾĻᡣ
֪ѾֻǷˡ
*
ʱͩ˰࣬˱һй
ͩһݣ㾡飬ȥִ֣£𣿡
鲻ÿɷ񣺡֮϶Ѿô𣿡
Ҳ⼸꿪ʼġֶͩУԼǴӸͷؿʼġ鶼ûоܣܵԽ࣬Խ˾нԶ
бȨͼ𣿡ʡ
ͩҡͷƲȨġñ˭ȥأЩ棬ҪԼĿģٶǻһЩֶεġֻЩֶΣײϲˡҶûд̫Ǹλϣ޷Ǹλõļࡣ
λҪģôüࣿɫ䣬ü˵λãȻҪԵЩݵģҪصסŭ
ͩ޻ֻܲ⣺ۡѡ𣿡
徽ص
ͩüԼĸۡѡ˱徽
ͷУáѾҹȥ׼ˡ
ͩͷҪһУլӣһ㶼е֡ѡ徽
ͥѾ˹ţͩڹⲻԶ¼õĸۡȻһ£˵ˣԨϵúõ߰˰ˣһۻϾ¡
ţǸûȥˡܿʹžҪˣҪɵЩǹȥ
īȾ׼һоơ
ֳˡ
*
ڼ
ǧȥ׵ĸۡ徽겢ûо£Զ붼Ǵɨɴֲֲڷ¡
񲿴񸮽ˣ׼֮ҪĶԵġġõԼլۡװΡ
ӴԤ㣬ʮʮĶࡣҸݶ۵Ҫ󣬰ѻʼׯ԰̣ΧׯӶһЩԱʹ֮á
ǻ
񸮰ЩʱԻʺµ񵥣ùĿ
ɨһۣԻʺµ񵥣һӵĹơͩȣͬ
񵥣񸮵˵ա
ﻹǺ׵ģܺȨ˿Ի²ԽءοԻʺ˶þͻųˡ
ҪԻʺ̨һ֮𣬿ֻҪٵĸʵʱ
Ѿô꣬ںôһʱ
Щʱգ֮϶ķȻ飬ȴѾһ֣ȡ.֮⣬ǧʳط͡
*
ϣǰ죬ۿԻʺãûлָ󹬵Ȩ
Իʺ֮󣬷ֳһЩߴŮ˺һŶˡ
һЦһ߶ԻݵǺҡ
ԻСطԻʺ󣬵̫ӵЩʱգ԰ꡣȨϣñóͲˡ
ԻʺصסԻ˵İգٲþģ㰲Žĸۡûġ
Իݵ˵Ӧû¡
Իʺ֮૵Ѿ˰
*
³壬ʷ񲿹ͬⶨõӡ
һգһ°Ƹ߹ҡԺǽϡʯϡϵһƬϲ֮ɫ
ףŲ˷
ҳɻǷӣʱ밲ͥСֱɽ֮һʱŽеʽż޵
վſƵƵѾͷϲſüЦ˶֮񡣶۹ȢףҲߵȢһףҪϲǮͽΪæһյǡ
ЩõǮϲ˵һͨͷϡӵϲ컰˷š
˴ӰȥһֵĻڽ
ȻͨźѾߴ
ȻӦ꣬ǲ֪ΪδմԼǺȵòԵʡ
Ŀ˿λһֱڴءźͷİãߵ˲棬ʼԹԵؽ·صϤϤ
ڴϵİ̧̧ͷҪ飬κͷϸͷδȡ£ֻܴӸͷ©ķ쿴ô˵ϡ
ڰֻԳصغ
̾һºôͷ˰գ
ϵĶͣ
ͷ£Ľţת˸򣬿ڵϵ£ǰã֣ƺǲ֪Ҫôһ㡣
ͷһ𣺡¼ȻôȢΪβ˱££
һͰü΢а̾һ֣ͷ
һķɫӣһĺ촽īһӣ续һ˶ͷµһۿȥ䲻ǾΪˣҲǵϡ
ӻԷ￴Ҫ
ĿתضԼ»İҪ̽ʲôһ㡣
̧ͷڵӶ顣
˽ǲŭϲȴҲûٶ˵һ仰
˸
֪˶ãüͷȻչ촽΢ţҪ˵Щָָֹ˻ڱ¡һɻĿ⣬Ű
ϣתͷЦˡ
һЦֻһ£漴ҲЦˣűͷ۾ֵŰЦǺӡ


106  
ǼϷ
Ц, ͷʵ£ˣ
Ц⣬ֱͷˡ
ɻ⣿ؿŷķ
Ҳؿ˿ŷ, ͷ⡣
վԹԵױ̨£Ȼ¶Һ⡣Ǳ㷳, жͷ׸ա
εظ˹ȥ, ѹ֪ﵽǺʱ˴޵ĹС㣿
ͭģ̇Լ۽Ǵ˼, һ˫Щ˲Բӣָ˱ò嵭ͬĺƷϳ֮ǰһĨƣȴֹâ䡣
εһ̶ֻŽڵΣЦҼȻӦҪӦŻ£һ
вŽڣ뵽ʲô£ԭˡҰ, Ϊ˰£Ҳ, ô֪СҴ޵ˣ
֮²֪, Ǳһٳɵġժ¶ϵĽΣϲ, Ѳ£ʾȴǿС£²ûõһҲϲûаյ顣
Цŵͷ, ⼾ô¡
˵ͨı, ɹǱ۾ù
Ůӵʲôֶ, ˵˹̫ʦˮޣ
鱾Щû׵, ϳһ˲㻺ԭ
վЩĲ, С㡰⣬ձһΪ˶۵˼װ֪ƴ
£ʵû̫˼ϡ
ʥƣȰڡ
е˼ǰ֮ǰԼڸˡ
Գ壬Ứȥܶྫʱ䣬ܶˡ
ǼС˹ǱǸʡ˺ܶ಻ҪľڸﲻҪԷ˼ȥ
ֻмլǰܹǣ޹ҡ
ط½Σ˴⣺ллΪҳıһС㣬ұʡȥ˺ܶ鷳
ѵذͷϺصķȡಱӣһҲֹ۵ؿſڣ鷳ŸոտʼﶼǱߣŪȥȴǼˡ
ҲͷӡڴӰְͷתͭطڼļϣ·Լӡһ֣ء
ýȢģǰݹءȹƣ޸ңҶ㡣
仰ڶ࣬ķһˮɲ֮һů˼Ұһݳݺɵľ
̧ͷ飬̽仰м١
̧һ룬ȴת˻ȥ
м٣θɣ
ӲдҲҪȻصҪһУʱ̵ͷһ˿һи
·ôһ˿˿ؼ¶ʱ˿Ҳĳ˲ָǡ
һ˲䣬۵׻ָ˹һ˿ɫذ仰˹ȥܾϣԻʺ̫ӻбĴ㡣
ƺûĻֻԹԵ߻ش齱ߣŴ齣Ҳû˳żĻ˵ֻǵⴲǳľģͦʵҡβϻЩ
촽ϵĺ֬˵⻰΢΢һ㶣Ȼдңʱһ糺ȥҡҡᡭ
ϷŰؿֻͷϵĺξȻһֱߣûоŮ֮¡
֪ΪΣдã΢Цʵ븮֮ǰûȥ㴲Χ֮£
ֽذסӱԵ̡ǽ̹ˣûôӡҾòϣû
鳤üһǡҽ㣿
˵գվ
㵵̧ͷһ⻪֣ױ̨ǰ˴֮ǰ
黺ؿеϢڼߡ
ʵҲѡ
ͳڼ޳ȵ֣ס֣Ҫ̫࣬ӱıǡ
ûżֻǱϢһֱڼߣޣʱȣʱ
֪Ϊʲôһůůġĸоʼڼȫӿ
ԽԽأʶҪƿ飬κ˫ֶѾס޷
Ƭ̼䣬ѾĻŵվסصصڴϡ
˳Ƹȥϥڴϣ֧Լӡ
ʶҪʹ˾ذס˼˫֣ҡҡͷ⡣
ĿЩӰʱ
鴹ϸϸż糺ֻǰǶıŮһ̵һ붴¶֪Ů
ͬһֻҪܵС¹޴ţ΢΢
ģĪһֻϲһȡһԴıԣڲϵʹסֻʧС¹
Цᣬü֮ϵĿݣͳڼĶϻ𣺡ʵҲûôǲǣǿԾȥһȥɽ֮Ĵɫ㣬ΪΣ
ڴϣ㶵ؿû֮µӣյ翡
˵Ļѱ档
һʱ伾ȻԼҪʲô˼˲ó
Ȼ˵ôĻ֮㶵óһ˼صӣǹ˲ƮɢӰ٣
Ȼʹһ¡
ʱ۵ûعһȻص飬ѹʵʲô
ĵػصǸղҪнġصġظԼʱ
Ͳˣʱ㵱ɵ𣿡
סЦһ浱ʲô֪
㣡
û뵽Ȼһ档
֣վһƣŵ˼ǣʼݡ
Ĺĵ죬ȴôҲֻܸ֮š
鸺վ˰ΣסЦ⣬ʵҪҰ㣿
˵ݡ
صͷȥʣµ·Ҳ£ҽһˣϢ
ûذһۣҲʼֽԼص˵ĸ˭һһ
˾ֻʣ¡
һ۾ܿ鳣Ϊϰ΢΢¡ġ˶ţ㲻ٿˡ
ȻԼʲôĳû뵽Ȼһİõӡ
ϸҲܹӦ
˵ǻӣȨƣպл̳дͳΪ۾Թרĵ۾֮٣ԼҲδһһһ˫¡
ڱֻ֮أݣòضǵŮͶͱ
Ȼôòܡ
ʱѾ˹յĶߣǼϷ
л˵
Ůڵһd(^_^o)
ˣһ滹ʲô
(>_<)˵Լ


107  
㣬ů˯ȥ
һ, ֱӰѼʵҡ
鲻ɷ˵Լϵļ죬ͼ˵Щʲôһ, ˳Ƴ롣
ɴ۾붯, ȴ, ذס
֪˻ӲøһʯһͷȻ˵ᣡһζ
°ĺż۵ļ, ۵ü
ǳ飬챻ضסֻܷ֮ɵôʼ֨֨졣
ﶯĴ󣬾ǳľĴε洫صĴŮǷ׷׵ͷ, Ծ˳Ժӡ
ܼ, ͵سʹҧһڡ
ɨµͣ, ؿż
һĹ򣬼һֻ, žһһĶ⡣鱻ͷһƫϵľȴҲûɣֻɫóһЩ
Ŵ۾, һԲ, ۾ȴʲô
ܿκ֫ϵĽӴ
, úί
ӹͷ, ĿڼɨһȦ, Ȼ¡һ޹ɿ֣ⲻΪЩϢЩ˲ǲߵġ˵ҲûôССؼŭһѡ
ŭδƽϢ֪Ѿ˴
Ƕӣ۾׷û˿Դ˸߹ˡ
·ϣ塣
鷽һ˲ȷŭܸоõѹֻúءһ˲ͿסԼ
ŭɶض顣
ûоͶĳǡȻǷޣǼȴûдĵ׽ɹ
񣬼˵Ȼ
㣬ů˯ȥ
һҪ´齡
һţץסĽףӴȥǰ
һ֡
˳־ͰѼѹ¡
ؿ죬ŭ𣺡飡ң
ӹ鷢ÿ죬۵ۣﶼ˼֣㲱µ̵ģ
΢΢һ㶣ŷӦ鶢ŵǵѾú۸˺üĽˡ
ʶסϵ˿ڣ죺֮е£̺۵ҩ࣬ʱˡҳݡ
ü˪һҪ𣿡
ü΢֪Ҫλش仰
ҹЩ
Ĵ࣬ÿοֻǹʵǰ䡣
··ˮУº͡
ԼϲϵǳһЩƵԵʣдܵߵĺΡ
֮£ǻһòʡ
ٿȥֻӣŲ򴲵棺ҡˡ
鿴ż䱸ӣվһӣһߵů
ԸЩˣЦýӲ
ĺۡ
ԭص·ֱ֮ϢϵκνӴ
ǰһ⣬ʵڲɫעԼݡ
ȤŮ»ԷΧһˡ
ȥһӣôȴΪƸͷͱˣ
ĺƷϼĳŵһ
Żϵӣ˸ͷ
ͷ֮˺ÿˣ·Ԩ˿̽͸ĵ׵˼
ֻһΡ
ʶҪЩʲôȴֲʳڡ
һЦͬصͷӦ֤롣
鱧ű죬ů֮ϣǳһÿĻȣ촽ڻζʲôһ΢
Ůһ飬ʱ޿̲ڸϲһҳԶ޷˽Ůӡ
ԭ໰ʣǽûоȥˣȵ˵ɡ
ʵʵů֮ϣʱһԼڷ̵۵Щ׵촽
ԭӵ˴ݲ
˶СǽǵŮǷ׷˳ȥҲʡ졣
һҵĴ̣Żȥ
һ紵ҡ£Ϩˡ
ӣֻ¹͸롣
Ѿнĺ棬żһһ£Ҳۼˡ
ŽմĲ裬ֻõӣҲһ۵顣
Ȼϰ彡˶ǺصĽǰһգҲƣ
ҲǴһ翪ʼͶǴͷΣʹ̣Ҫ˼ΧϲŮǵĿܣһֱƻ
δԼⱲӻлᱻð̧ΡƸýȢҲδԼ붫ӰءȺơ
޸ֻȨ֮ƣǾ䴥ķĻڶϡ޸ңҶ㡣
ղһƺڼ֤ľģǵô档
ôˣ˸ס硢֣δйһӣ˵ᱣ¶ȵĻ
ֻһѰ˼ҵС㣬ճɻ֮󣬻ĻһˣһһҪɣ
꣬ϲȻӣжŮá
ôȵںԺӣֱɽţ鳾
ķÿջлһЩҳӵķգһЩȤ¡ڷڵʱȥͻơʫԡҹС

˼ţıӰԽԽģ
Ͳ˰ɣ
*
֪˯˶ãһŲһŲ
˯Ժļת˸ճһλá
漴;һų˹˰ԼһִֻĲ´һֻȥѰ˫֣ظȥ
ȫһƬȵ紺˪˲ȥ
ܵȥѰůĵط̲ס˿
һᣬ͵۾תһЦض
ŭһ˹ȥ
һֱӰüıɱ׷򣿡
˭ģãֻɱ顣
鵭ػصϾҪϴʱٲ¶ˡ
ʲô
δ˵꣬ѵӹѾʼڶ߻ص
̧½жվŮ漴үūźλϴ
鳤üһ˼ǣ˵ûɣ
ɫŻһЩ֣һ˵ơ
⣬￿˿
汻һذףγ棬ֱԼָһѪڴϣ˲ȾһƬơ
Ȼذص汻֮£ָϵѪӦܽˡ
ףġ
л˵
ߺߣҲд飨ɪز


108  
ȻǸң
̵ָ˵, ҹĴҪջȥʺ̫Ŀġ
ʲôʱڵ汻һذף
жֲٰ
˼ֻһ, ˣлл
Ц˵, ޹, ұػ㡣˾Ĵޣ˺Ҳǿ, ǰɲǰʧӡ
ü֪
֪ǱӰա
ֽ̧⿪Լ£¶˶Լڱǰܵһ
üǵ˰ͬһҲؿڣ
ЦѲҪ£
һ, Ҳ, ¶һɫĶǶ
ӡϵĺ, ˴޵һ仨
εǺعأû, ֱӰ˵·ֶڵϡ
æӣסؿڡ
ת⺰ǽʰɡ
֨ѽһűƿ, Ϊ׵ļֿ·߰, Ҳ໰ѵϵ·ȫ˳ȥ
ѾͷǶϴԼ·
һ㶼, , ֱȥѾͷǲӡ
ת, ſļ֮ϾȻûһļЩ˿ڻϣѪ衣
ǶǰЩʱգðµ˰̡
˺۵ı¼ƽ
Ҳͬһ㣬ڵıԵ֪վɥȪ
Ŀļ˺۵ļ
˵顣
Щ鴩µѾͷǲ󣬿Ǵ壬Ĩ֣ʴӡ
ǻʳʱѡźĹŮδ̹飬֪Ӧô졣
ƺ֪ǵѴȻ治زˡ
Ѿͷ֣չʼ
Ƕ̫ۣ޷ȥ飬Ҳûʱ˵ỰȻˡ
˺ۻ֤ľģǵ׻ʲô֤Ҫһͳľأ
Ҫ飬Ƕʷ֮ǰ޹˵飬һ·ߵñض֡
ֵ·ûй˵ĵʶľġһֱǰǶ֮ء
һʧܣһ
Ǿ䡰޸ңұػ㡱Ǿ仰ڶϡ
΢
һһԸģ
һصľɣκŮӶɾգ
žડһɫ׹أӦ顣
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鵭ɨһǿ񣬲⡣
ߵȴȷ˻ǰʼͷû㷹ԻŰ㣬ûòסµĶһ񣬱۶ϼٱֹ
ˡǳ⣬ˤһ֮õ롣
ǡһڵŮߣ
鿴һŮĬƬ̵ˡ
仰ʱüзһۣһ˿˿֮˲ɢ
ʮʱ߾곤Ůӽ̵ǴΧ֮¡ⷽǿɺ磬޹˼ɡ
գۿһò޵ŮҲŷ
ߣԭ壬ǹǡ
ҹξЩվΰա
Ǹ޵Ůط֣Щ͵ߵźĹŮ˷Ǿϸѡġ
ǷǸŮӣһ˵УڵǸ֫ϸ°һ㾫£Შ
һɫ
Ц߲ܣ˭ˣȫ̽£Ҳ
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κ˫΢ţ۾Ů£ûп
ǹɳĹŮźΧ飬ЩңǲһյĹͰȫ£ͷѥȫˡ
תͷ֮ϵļ˵ȥš
ع񣬵ͷӦǡ
Ժ󣬼ߵױ̨ǰŮǰŪԼ
·ȻûյأҲǷӣ㴩
Դӽ˰ﶼŮţ䲻㣬Ҳûа취
ЩʱڰһеˣЩŮֶǹģϲֻ֮֮ܿ
˵Ҳ򵥣˵Ҳ򵥡ϰʮӣﶼǷӦزˣûʳ
ʳࡢͷ
ţÿһ˶ֻһ㣬в˶ǳȫԶȺáͷҲǳһСھͷٲԵڶڡ
ף顣
ע⵽ı飬ʵôˣ
ĬòʵھӪԷҲ
ҡͷӪô˿Գԣѹ˵ⶼĹءʳĽСôǵġ
¶ɫҲҪͬ㣿
գգ۾˿ΧӲൽߣǾطԺСԼѡԼС½һ£ǻʳĹءۡûˣЩһŶѡģ˿ţİ㲻ãǱǸ˻
Ŀ
ŹһѾͷǰغӵص
£յ
һڲ裬°ͣǶȥա
Щ˶ڹźģ֪˵仰˼ҪҪˣ㶼֪Ȥˡ
˳֮鿴֡
ֻصͷݶƬֻ֮Χȷʵûˡ
ͷˡ
ˣ֪лҪ˵
ҹչƣŷֱȥϢûжԡ
ȷʵⰲ»ҪһͬЭǱ˴˲Ƚףñסˡ
黽һ
˫̣ؽ˱񣺡ү
ʾѶͰһѶ͵˼ߣ˵үеĵԼʹ͵Ŀ¼Ŀ
ʵ
ͣȻѾɸµĲƲҪһܼҵġЩ꣬δ˾ʦסھӪһ㽫졣ҹΪ˸һ棬Щҿи
Ŷ
Ŷһ˼ֽ
ۻǳ谮飬ĵǶ̡ЩصҲճķׯռɽͷ֮֮˽֪ķĵط
ͼŵ⼸Լðƽ𣬸˵ǧʳء
ȻǸҡ
ֻǵȻɨһۣûм¿ңǺܸȤеԼŻȥ˵ȷŰա


109 ̽ 
һ£ĿΪΣ
鳯Űͷ, Ҳ໰ת˳ȥ
˵ϳѾ, ѾãһȥϳߵŽӹ, ȰЩߵĶĿ򷢻ȥ, 㡣
šü, һ⼸£Ҳûš
վǲŸոս»û̿ұѾ⡪ǰ·ѡ
ߵſڣŶ졣
, ǰһ, δ, ȴѾʲôˡ
ȻѾֺα˽ơҵ, ЩɱСȻվڶůƺһУ֮С
ȥ䣬ǱҪ빬л, ˶ԲߣҲ߹, 
ˮڡ԰, ȥ̽һ̽Էʵ, 㡣
, ĬƬ̵зӣĸӳҵ𣿡
̧о֮⣺ǰڵļƻƽĺ˳ﲻѾ˳Ĳμ˵µļ֮ٶһЩʱգˮɡսǱȥȡǿſӳҵӡ
΢УЦл飬ȫҵıǡ
鿡ʵ¶΢΢Ц⣬ǰס֡
ֿ޳֮н룬ض¶ȡ
紺ĺһֱָ⣬Ӵ֣˲ܵһ˿ů
ԭأ֪ʲô
뼾վһȳһĿЦ֮ĵʵΪʲôҾǲӹ޳ֻǵҽȼü֮أ
һ̧ЦǡΪΣ
תůӳһ筺ɫϲԵø
ЦҶ˽⣬Ҫһ£ǾԲֻһ¡ңҲһ֮
סı֣ɢůϢԲɵֵϮ˼
аʹмƣôƭ
ɫس֣Ц¼ȻҸľ֣Ҳһһ֣ҵĿΪΣ
۵׻һ⣬ֶ΢΢ǰ㣬ذյĶݾߣ
Цһ˲ָֻ˻ȣµв롣
վֱӣ׵ԸҲ롭
һ˳ϢѹķΧףȥһױݣŵȥѡЩ˻ա
΢Уż˳ȥ
ǰ£˵飬û׳̽ҲɣΪ򲻻©̫ǡ
麬Ц˶䣬ڻ𣺡ȻôթˣҲֻ²⡣һУŮƿطΧ֮ڡ֪ɽػ˵Ȣһ£һΪѵӣʵ˴㡣޿²յĿģΪȫûбҪաΪʲôûͷܿ϶ǣһж붼йء
£ǵڶûв鵽ʵݣ˼š
΢վüġദӻأżһʱ
*
һյĹ򣬼ֻصǰ
黹筺ɫŽĽͥԺ֮УԶԶȥ˺ÿòʵڵˡ
īһͷȫڽ֮У筺ɫĽϣһ֮
£ٵü·һ˿
ͷԺŵĴҡ
һ΢ɨ꽥
ʯһӲӱл귭ţΧպýǰ
òУܿĸ޹Ⱥ輫һʱӡ
ȻһǿŮӵòŻкĶŶ顣ھϵǸҲ⡣
»븮Щݺݺ࣬ͷһɣ
ֻҪòڣĴ֮󣬲ǲŵʱ
˼ãľľվԭأĿɢ˼ء
֪ȻΪòôס
ŮӺһʼûرò
Ϊ̫֪֮
֪ԼߵĿģԲԸ׽
ЩԶ
ڶйصľٰüֶ˵Ĵ˵
Ůӣȥһˡеģˡ
̰һ
֪ΪʲôóϲĽۣһɻϲԾҪ
߽˼ʵʲô
عҡҡͷҪȴ鵲ס˵·ұͬЩäƼ޵ŮҴﻹϣԶжһЩΡ
һβŻصŶûʲôҡ㷽ΧЩŮӡ
˵۲ϵı飬ıЩľګûһζһ˿ײĲá
Щʲôʵ
ش𣺡ͦÿġ
Цãʲôش
ЩŮӣôÿ
˵ģŮӻÿЩǲףҲһˡ
ᵽԼĸӲ˼ǣĸҲһλÿŮӡͬһ㡣
䲻˵ŵú˼
鿴㷴ӦЦˣʲô顣
ѵõ˸͸ܾ˵⻰ˡ
ЦҿˣǿЩ
ͷĽǶȿȥ۾й˸
ֹ⣬һֳȡ
ĮɹչµɳĮÿһض޷赲ˡ
ֻһϢС
ҽӻղԣƫͷ˻⣺ٲȥУ¾ҪϲϽʱˡ
ͷٿ
еҹ¶轵
֪ڼǵĹϵһ⡣
ǹΪıߵˡ
ѾݹأҲδһˡ
ӽʼڷ
ֻҪ̸Ů֮ĻҪôɫزȥҪôӦ
ͬһһ㣬Լε棬޷߽ȥ벽
ﵽײʲô
Ҫʲô
ʲôأ
һϻ۵Ůӣ׵֪ԼҪʲôҲ׵֪ԼλãԲԽ׳ذ벽
ҹ֪޹ϲ޷ڵġ
ᱡ֣зŭ޷ڸǡ
֪£ȻŮӡڵ֮¿Ȼ츻ǰ̡
Ů壬ء
ҲŮӣ⻢֮أһգ
һֱ⣬ĺøС
Ϊסűˣ
뵽Щ㲻ٶ˵ʲôӣȥ߰ա
л˵
ٿһ©˺ö֣ͷ


110  
Ҿƶֻ˵ˡ
, һιµĴ֮ϡ
ŶаڽֵĿƷɵøп, ʱļԶ
ЩȷʵϵǴ˼ĺô
㲻̫, Ǹ, Ȼ׻ЩͷԡȻ, ЩҲܡڼ࣬⻰˵⣬ʵ⡣
ӣʵδ֮
Ŀ΢ֲ֪ͯȻ֪ɲҡҲ룬ߵЩҲ᲻һд۵ذǸλá
˵
˵㡣
ؿ, Ҳؿż, һԵĺɢ
֪Ϊʲô, һֵĸо, ֪ƽϤ
ʱ˿ȴرİ
һͷڼĵơ
ŬʹԼƽȥЩֵͷ
΢尲, Ҫʱ䡣
޳ָ, ÿĴȺ, ¿ɹ
£˼һϢʵ, ʲô⣿
ϾŸոչ鸽, Ҫ
˼ǣ͢ȥϾ齵һ
ͷ˴Ͼ鸽ǱҲ˰꣬ȽϤϾǱҪһȥֳִ֡ȻиӦòӦ¡µּܿͻˡձҽԼѡһլӣʵң齵ҡȻҵĹ飬ô
ֳ
Լĵװƺһ£иֳӦǻĵͩ
Щ֣̫ӵʱ򣬳ƺ磬ȴδֳΪڳƺͩʱǻֳ
硱롰ֳﵽʲôͬ
ǵˡ
˼˼
ع񣺡ʲô
һ̾ʲô
ŷѾͣѾ˶
æǸûע⡭
˵ЩʲôǿżĲɣ˼ֻգ
е߹ģū׵ĵط
ӣܹūͽĸ߼ۣûĹٻ¼Ҿ춼ҵ
һĽһΧǰڡ
Щū͵ӿһһ׼ĹƣټϴŵĽ׹ζЩ͸¶߷ǸϢ
ÿһЩȷݸ߹
Ȼ߲֪ʱۣͲӡ
ߴ䵶һһǰ·Щӿǰ߰벽
֣СĽ¡
һ죬ַϣлл
ǣżȻһЦӦõġ
ʵǰλ
̧ȥصһʱҼܴ飬ǲŻ򶫡ֵܡǻ־һֱԨǻȥ
ΧȻõͬ˵ǡ
Ǽйػ΢΢һ
Ҳǵ˵ͷ
ֵȥ·ϣġʱףŸձ·ߡԼ˵ĸսҡųէҪһЩǣҵˣǡ
üͷ΢ǣҡҲһ¡
Ŀ΢⡣
һڵĹ£һֵ긾ŮӿʼϾͶЦ⡣
ЦǿһᷢĽӡԼĵЦݡ
ݣֱֱߵЩؾǰָһȦЩ˵Ҫˡ
˵鿴ߵļٿЩԵģһȥɡ
ĿɨѡʮˣĿϣĿ⣬һ˳͵վš
Ŀû϶ͣȥ
ſڱЩ˵ļǮһһͭǮؼҵˡ
ֱ˵׸ļǮȻҲʲôõˡ
ЩǴŲ鲼·ԼɢϢȻؤǰͷ棬ûһӵ˿ȥ˳ۡ
ڼЩӿʱĿ¶׹⣬ϾЦ⡣
Ůӣڿµʱ򣬷׷׾Ŀȡ
ЩǳŮӣвá
Щ̾ȴ⡣
ߵŵ⼸ҶҪˡ
ȥһ飬æλˣЩ˿ɶа׵ġǲӦһ£
֣ҷҾƶЩ˵ˣպá
üëŵɣ˵
һЦЩӵܹȥܱһֱѹǿЦӯӯǰӦǣūȥλǵ
˵գŤŷֵ֫϶¥˷
ͷ򶫣ȥŽˣЩ˴ȥ
򶫱ȭصǡ
鿴֣ȻߣȴһĲɵӣһֱڵǼ
ȤҲȥŰɡЩڻȥ·ֳʲô
ֿ˿飬ֿ˿
֪ǸһģѾкüûмˡ
Сž鶼ó֮ܲ
ͷȥɣеµ˸ǣµġ
Ҳ໰ͷȥˡ
һ齻֮뼾
ԣ˼һֱڣȻߣ۾ȴһֱĽֵԼֵľͷ
Уıߺޡ
뿴ǰǣǲһ
һͷ飬ҪΪ̽˼
鿴ȥȴºͱ飬粻˼
һ뵽ʲôˣھƻȶ㡭ǲȫ룬
һ̽ݼţҲż
֮ϣŴţԼݵ֣Ŀ֮⡣
࣬½󣺡Щ˽Ǻ⣿ҲǰҰˡ
һֱŴ⣬صд㡣
㲻ٶ໰
ǸףЩԥ
üż
˳ã֣µضлл㣬ļݡ
ΪҪ˵Щʲôԭ¡
Щ̫ˣһֲãȴûбֳֻǵ˷뼺ѡ
ҡᾡ취ģ̇


111 빬 
ҳ㲻ɣ
ü, Ϊʲô
͵Ȩ֮ƣܻԼҪ̫࣬鲻㡣
Ҹճɻ, ø̱ӵüҲ˵ô˵, ͹ǱҾû
ͷ, ޻
̾һһô㲻𣿡
̧, ĺ˶վû˵ʲô
һ·ϣû˵һ仰ֻǰţĿûн㡣
ӳſʼһĲɵģռ, ޷о˵
һֱ, ۵̽
ʻ, ȸʻƳ׵ĵڶգ˱Ҫл
ճɻ, ڵ̫
һҡλơ
ռȻջǰ׸Ҳʢװͷϲ˷, Ҳ˳׵Ľ, Ҹһֻҡ޷˯
ҲĿ, ͷϵĽηйɵײ, ̲ס۾ȥ
ֻصĽ, Ľ࣬Сһһһ㣬ǰ󶼿á
Ϣա
Լļ򣺡һֻҡ³ʱҸȥ
̫磬ʱ˿εòУգգ۾ƺû
ӽͣҲŮЩͷδȥʲôȫˣû취ȥ
ɡ
ô컯յģҳ㲻ɣ
죺ԳƵذֻɡ׹ͷƤۡ
һЦȡͷϵĲҡԼļ򣺡Һ㡣
ЩߵһͷļϣĿ
ме룬ҡΣȣ߿˿ȫ§˻
Сһˣһֻèһ㣬Ļûһͷȵĺ
ſڵǵšֵľƣû
ԸϳЩż
Ӧһ˳١
ͷ˿ļһᣬ͵ѾˣӸȥţ
֪μʲôֹţš˯һᡭһᡭȻ鲱ֲһ䣬ֻס飬øˡ
ϸܵһƬϢıǼ⡣
ֻһ˲䣬ķ·ʲôһ㣬ഺȻš
£ʲôˣ̲סһֻҲ˹ȥȻһ᲻ֵĸо
Ȼ۾˯һ㣬æ̧ͷ
顱һײ°ϣ˶۵֡
Ŷͷ۾۳Ứ°ôôӲ
ûЦˣֱߵĲҡסͷ𶯣ϡ
һߴһʣμʲô
֧֧᣺ûʲô
ûʲô§Ҫ˯ѲҡСʱϰߣ
ѣͷûлش顣
Ը˵Ҳǿ
ϳˣӡ
һÿְϷ
һֱŬرͷϳصĽβ
鿴úЦȴû취ֻǰߣں棬Сػͷ
ں԰µĻ԰Ȼһٻ޵ӣµǲ
һȥԻʺ϶ô򵥷ǻġ鸺ż
ϰͷϵ׷飬ص޷Ҿǵ¶
˲紩ӻԷȻðʧӢµġˮ̲סϲ
һۣԻʺΪҪҽΧ
鱻ŮΧסڵĲٺڵģ̲סЦ
ЦֻǾãٲȥΧպ֪ҵݣҪԹˡһǡšսѡôĿҵսվ
һҪлл㣿ü
£ڹһİõӣаûʲôãϲǮҪлңֱӸǮͺˡ
ȱǮ𣿡⡣
ʳָ˿ϵ鷢۾ת֧֧ǰɡ
Ҳ׷ʣֻǵȱǮԼȥ˷֧ǡܼȨ͵ˣϵ˵㡣
û뵽ô󷽣ɴ۾ʵģ
Щ֮ҳݡ
¿󷽡ڨڨԡ
зܷʳصġ㲻ǸɵйҲ׵ĸ͡Ĳںӡ
С̴žģֻҪΰѰա
鿴żһֻ˻˼Сһ㣬۾תͣ;úЦ
ôһֻСꡱӣ
˵䣬Ѿ
ϴλʺʧµȥѾһˡ̫ԻʺȥڣһĻڹӡ
֮ϵ֮ôŤת˹
۱Ҳô̫ʺ󣬲ķ̫ãǰձԻʺ
Խ뼾л񣬻ȥԻʺĹ
˲ŶУԻʺ붫֮ϡһ£ݾߵ
ϣֻ˵ЩףĻҪ
״æͱ¡
˼
۲ŵ£
˵ͷϾȻһĨơ
ܲȥҵĸĸҵޡýġ
۳Ƭ̵빬ʱȥñ˿ˣ¶ˡ
۴ӦæǷл
ȴڰ֣ȥայļڣܵĵطһܰɡ
վͱ¡
*
Իʺȥ˼һ֮˶Եؾ֮࣬ǰǰý޶Ŀ
¼л˵һЩҳ̵ĻʲôҪɴҪ֮ġ
΢Цţһߵӡ
ԻʺûкøУһߺȲ裬Ҳ廰
ĵԻʺ߶֪ΪԻʺĸһ㡣
Իʺ󻰷һתۿžҪˣڹùٻȥɡ
΢УЦЦؿʵм£
һ£ǵϳ֮ǰ˵ǽȡһſӳҵġӡ
ĪŹؼӣʺйأ
׻ص¡
ͷٻȥɣ
һӦ
ԻʺǸˣš
ֻţű㴫ʮˣŮһΰѲ˰ӡ
ɨһۣɸпݳޡ
Ͻѡ棬ǰ˺ϺһƷࡣϵİ˱öɰ¹бţĢġճ౴ջＹާˡ˻࣬ʳСͷ˿󡢶ɳƻԼһˮ
ΧӶźĹŮǰˡ
߲˵Իݡ
ذѲ˷װС
ӣֻǳѣܹҲͶʮӡ
ü飬Ҳѧӣһ㡣
ԻʺЦӯӯضɣһƷ࣬ŷõġ


112 ݼ 
ĸ׶ϲġ
Ի, ʢһ롣
ӹһףˡ
ĸ, ˡֱߵ˲졣
Իʺ鲻, ԼҲ˿, ʵʳɻθڣ
ͷá
ԻʺЦЩԻġ
ü΢һ˿, ƺѾԻʺҪ˵Ļ
ۣܿæԻʺʵŶԻǺҲ
վԻݣæ񣺡ūݼ¡
ü̧ͷ
Ի̧ͷ˸ϸõ¾أ
д
·ûһ㣬ĿתԻʺ, ЦĸߵȻǼõ, Լҹ͸, Ұɣ
ԻʺЦ濴Իݣ
ϰµȴ˼һ¡
ջؽ, ˳˸ƣЦõ󷽣ĸôģǶףǹĸһ⡣Լҹ븮, , ȻǸ˵ġ
Իʺ󻺻ʵҲ⣬ԼҹȥɵԻݲʳ, Ҳóʳأ, 㲻ϲʳ𣿡
ü, ΢Ҫ˵ʲôµѾץס
ȿڵã
鶼֪ƽʱļΪʲôʱôľѲ۾ɳˣ۾ɱˣѾ˼ٻء
ȫȻװ֪ȥ飬ЦòãҲðƫԼҹ޹ǼõģԼҹҪ¶󼸸ءҸô͵ʱ򣬴Ѿˡ
ô˵ְѼס
Ȼ΢ЦԻʺ
Իʺû뵽СȻô󷽡ӦԻԲҪɼҡʱס֪ô⻰
ЦʵȻǱµ˼ǲҽ飬ĸˡ
ŶԻʺعá
ĸɻб£ţЦϡ
Իʺæˡ
ǣǱˡվ֣żһվС
԰粽ߵ÷ɿ죬ں׷ϣԼȣҲ׷ˡ
˸ͤԼȡ
һᣬǰ۵㱻˸סˡ
ûӰԵøӺˡ
̧ͷҲ֪˭ֻ̾һҲûáǻʼ檵ĹأҲҶġ
Ҳż͸檡ص
̧ۣΪҵĻΪʲôеô˳ԻǻʺµĽסԻʺͬС޸ͬʱҲҪԼҹȢ£ǻʺ˵ҲǱ˵㷴ƲģҰӦµĺ
֪Ļ²ô⣬ֻĿڡ
ѹסĵŭ𣬵һҲˣΪҪһЩ̣
ѵôһɫ֮ˣ
ΪǸúÿķŮ
ڰ֣Ƣؽ͵ûô򵥡ֻһԻݽİԺˡ¶취ҾѲʲôˣȥҼ檣һȥʡ£ܸһԻݣҲһӻٸŮ糯¶ŸɣЩһϲͣҲԿǲǣ
Ȼ֪˵ЩΪãǲ֪Ϊʲôÿһֶȥ
ǻһϲȥҲ²
죬޻˵ֻ˦ȥ
鱳ӰʧԺɫ֮ãֻһѡ
ԼȣԼû
ֻ԰ԼˣܾЩ˳
վѣһǰߣһ죺˵ú˵ʲôỤҡһԵĺӣǵòˣͲңҶһȥһҪ
ҪΣ
Ȼǰһ±˴סСһס졣
һȺˣһСιһ񣬶Լ˵¸еĽӡ߲Ž߰ɣ
ûӦӣֿ˿Ȼڵò񻰵飬аԴģǿȡصȥһӣ
뵽һȻԼʲô£һĪھθС
߹ôˣ
Ӧǿһû°
ղŹʱ䳤ˣϥۣ߹Ҫȥ
æһ£û£
һɵżգգ۾Լ˽ӣ̧̧ˣ̫˷ˡ
Сֻһˡ
ģûһ㣬Ҳٶʡ߸һҽȵСҽʲôʹҲӦް
ǰ棬Žӣҵķȥ
ؾ볤ҵıؾ֮·ϵˡ
ԶԶؿ飬һ
߹ȥ޴࣬һ⡣
Ļ£ūĸĪȥʱ̫ãôڽ㡣
ͷʾס
˽ӣѣͷߵߣѹʵ£Σ
üʲôʱôںԼģˣ
ûصһۣⲻǸ³
Цˣĸ׶ϲġ
ûףͨͨûꡣ֪ΪʲôȻôĿ
˽˳ҵԺӵţֹˡ
ҵȻаûɹˣռԼϽ̻Ի͵ӣ޲ʾŵܵٳ衣
Ժһž޴ĺϻڲڴ֦Ҷ֮УվĿⲻĸ߶ȡ
һͷһ¶ƵĺϻһȦﻹ̲סпҼĺϻˡ
Сģ
һ֦ϵĸһ¡һסʲôÿģ
ػĿ֮ϣ̺ۡ
ףôô̺ۣҪȥЩ̺ۡ
˵ĸСߵĺۼ
ȥһһţʮʱ򣬿̺۲һߡ
ۡһЦԭ֮ǰһ߰
鱾ͲˣЦСʱߣʱðȥЩˣˣҲŸʮʱһߡҲ֪ʲôø˵ġ
뻹죬ͿһŻɫ۵Ůӣ߹
˼ǴŻɫҲ޵ĺƴӻһ㣬ôΧĲľɽˮΪһ塣
񣺡ĸסӴˡ


113  
Ҿ֪㲻Ծ
ס, ûع
ԹԵǰһյߣСֹ˼䡣
˲ͱ, ǣ֣Һúÿ㡣
ź֪ʰĸס
΢Ц, , ĸ첲̫ˡ
Ϊ̫ݲæصĸ׷, ʾٸɼҡ
ЦøˣҸϣ׵ĺô죿
ɫ죬վһԣ£ؿżػ
ͷϸӬҡ
ڶеȴ, Ҳ̫, ȥðҼõĳ, Щ
飬黺ס˻ͷĸװԼ˲һչ˺ġ
ͷ
ֵǶ˿, ޴ģܾôĸЩʱգҶ취ĸ׸֮
Ц֪ˡǻذɡڻȨǼõġǿıǡ
Ƿһ, Ҳһ
ˡ˵űס˼֡
Լ, صͷչ˺ҵĶϱ
һۼ߰ա
*
һֱ˹ûףΪʲôڡ
, , ǲǰ֮, ¸Ż˿
ϳԺ˷˳ģұߣһĮؿɴ˵Ľֵ
дˡҪҡĸ֡
һڿˮʵ¡Ҹ㵹һˮ
ûἾ
һʱս˱㣬һɽһ㣬ɢϢ뼫͵ѹ
ʳָָСȵģһһߡ䣬һקק䡣
üһۣŴ⡣
һֻקӱֻקӣġôҰ檣
鲻ԡ
ֻǣΪԺ㡭Ͼǲǡ
ķޡ
û˵ȥȴѾ֪Ҫ˵ʲô
⣬ͷǣ֣ɻգ˵ȹƣݹأԻỤ㡣һԻݵҲˣһ˷ȥŪһȺݲݽҾͲܱ֤һֱˡ
Ȼֹͣ
̲סȥġ㡱ʲô˼˼ĵطֲҼˡ
ΪĵطԣһƬء
ĺãԼѵĹϵɡ
Ц̧㲻£ҼȻӦǣԱķ
ε̾ɵɵԼҲڡ
鲻˵ԼĴ㡣Ժ£ңıǡ
鿴ż֪Ĵϻ۲СжȫֵԸԺЩŮˣӦòڻ£Ҳٶ໰
*
ص˰뼾סԺӿڵѾϤס
ԺŮһ۾ͿǼҪðǼ
뼾׷׵ͷŮǿӻҲ
˻䣬˱æԼȥˡ
ڼ䣬ڸ̴
ͣе£һ󣬲ʶȤ˳ȥ
鿴ȥʼЩ𣿡
ʲô飿
ź˵顣¿ۡ
վߵߵһ裬ݸһѧҽģСѧľ
֣ӹ豭һڡ
ֵĲ豭΢Ȼһϡ
һȻûзӦɼһ¡
ʱһʹ۵ͷʹա
üͷһԲ
ĵ˵϶ʱҾ;㲻Ծս꣬޵ذףȻб˯ϰߣͲ͵Ϯŵʱʳ嵭ԻʺʹĲˣҲֻСƷ˼ڡҵݸ豭ȻϰȥӡҼǵãĺƷȲ裬õĿ֡
²豭ֻԼ磺սһ˼ͷһֱŰԨǵİΣֻҾҽһ£ҹˡԺľ棬һֱûкʱĻ˺ú
ֻ֪˷ľٶ˳ˣȴû뵽˾Ȼǰոǳսܵġ
ѹŮмڽϵ˿ڡ
˿¾Ȼһֻͷ
ˣȻôʱ䣡
ǿһͷǶÿһ£ǳ޷ʹ
ü·ˣҿ

ֵػؿȥôˣ
ҡͷЩѵؿʼ··㴩Ĳ٣粻㣬ֻһ֣ѵЩѡ
ݺݵصһۣʱҲûôѡ
˵߹ȥ⿪¿ۡ
ļ򣬷¶Щ
ַͷϣʵ㷢ˣ
ͷһʱ䣬ˡڼļͷԵʡ
˵ɣ̲סŭȵǲҪˣôһƤļͷҪǴãûˣսжսʿΪһƤ
ǳ⣬ж·¶ƣ̬һЦ߲ǴһҽȵСҽûӣзεġ
ǻлл̧ҽȣжһ̣һɫ
鿴ϵĶ֪˳ȥΪ׼μĶڨڨһЦôλı飬Ƥһ㡭
뼾£ҲЦĿ౯ߣһˣǵûˡ
ǵһο¶ɫ
֪Ҫôӻ
ۿڱĮĻԭϣǧ
ɱľ򣬲һ˿ġ
û뵽ǣȻԼҲҪǧĴϾϻҲֻΪ˾ȼ
һɱһ֮䣬ü顣
Ѿҵǧ֣ûɬ۵ıߣҲٶǡ
ûڵģƽһξԼʮ¡
ϾѵǧȫĪĹϵ
ԭǰ飬Ҳоڵʱ
৵վ䣬ͷҲصس޵
俴żӰʧ⣬֪ﲻɵ̾һʼ׼鶯ӵ顣


114  
ϧôÿӡ
׼Ķһһ, ȼ򣬰׼СϿ׼
ذѹ˵ĵط, һʸǶĵط
£ȡΣ, ʱʱȷ״, ҲܸҩԣҪ΢һ̡Щ̵ؿ顣
ͷ, һĨ޷
鲻໰۾
Ҳ˵̶ֹһطѾպĵ
һҧĨص, ֻ˲, ĶͷӡԼޱȫĺա
ȫļѾΪʹ΢΢¡
ټ, µ׼ݣֻһ, Ƕļͷ˳ͷˡһˮѪ˲Ⱦˮ
Ĩͷϸ˿һãѪɫ, Ȼǯһʱ, ӽ˶Ӧûʲô̫⡣ȥҩ, ñ˽
˵̧Ѫˮȥˡ
վԺ, 俪, ͷʵΣ
ͷãҪúܶࡣȥҩȥ
˵ȥ˳
ӣ۵ĺ̲ס
߹ȥ˿Ͽɲ˿ڣɵһȻˮСظϴ˿ڡ
˵ֲ㣬۾ʲô
ֻһ£ɫĳиסһ壬ѵõİ˿鸹¶Ŀ顣
ֻĿȴѾ෺סϵ˿ڡ
һ߰ϴ˿ڣһߵϧôÿӡ
̧ң
ûذһۣѾüˡ
Ȼ㲻ʲôÿϧġ鲻Ϊ⣬ĸϻû̡ҵû̡˻㣡
ô̲סͰһļ
ϴ֮󣬼ó侫ĵĽҩĽҩȥʱһЩۣЧá
һ
ס죺ŵ㡭
˵ҩ͵ļϡ

һɱһĲҽУ쳹Ϣȫչ˳
æС㣡
Ѿ۵˵ˣس˼ѹס򴦵ʹҧгݵʼʱ´ҽûɣô𣿡
סЦҶ˵ˣеۡ
ʹһֻǯĹͷһ㣬۵첲ϵֱ
Сһ㣬˿ڣѽһһͲˡ
˼Ż
æɴСظϡ
ûһҩˣһʹҪӣ̲סߣ֮ǰҩʱҲû㺿ô
վߵ֣һĴָ
ֲĿԴκֻۣ˵Чȷʵ
俴ҩˣԸ˿ڲҪմˮˣҪҽ˰ɣ
ͷ
Ѿ˿ڴˡҲûʲôˣֳȥˣʣˡ
ͷԼ˿ڡ
¶ӣʱ̶չʾ˵
վڱϣȻò֪롣
Щ΢
һŻЩʱգϢһա˯˿кô
š
˵黹ãôһ˵۾ˡԴӴû˯Ⱦ̫Ӷ̫ӳУһֱһңи
ֱգƿĺͷ˼޸ǸҲų
ȻխСҹ˯һ
ʵҲۣΪ˽лҲòϵѾһŵҾͳˡ
ԹԵߵ齱ߣȥ
ϱӣûã㷢˾ȵĺ
ȥĶͷͷ̡
ֱȥĲӣ鼸һסŤһȦ
۵һֻ֣ؿڣ飬֣ۣ۰
۾һ죺ĲãҪҲӡ
Ѽˡ
һۣҲô֪ǲȫڷȣ
۾˯һǳ
󣺡˯ɣȥһЩˮһͷҪǲˣһ䡣
ǲ˵Щ˸˯ˡ
ȥҶһˮ޲һˮˮһšİɣĶͷϡ
һ˯˯ҹ
ڴϣĿ
鷭˸æ۾Ѿˣæˮе޲šɣ飺ʲô
ѵҪκҩ۵ô̹ǣһ¾ͻۡټһֱȣ
ԡۡüȫһ¶ۡ
ߣô۰
ҩֻ֪Чãû뵽ܰѪж۳ҲͦܵģӦöչԷɲУˣҪšԷõûԣ㼦࡭ιԣ
̧ż˵
æǶóˣҶߣҲҪ˰ɣ
ûѡأֻ΢΢صͷ
վһɣȥԸ׼šϵҩ͹
ûлػԼûء
ȥƬֻ̣ˡ
ͷϵ޲ʱ¶ȵһЩ
𶯣¶ȡ
˵Լͷ˹ȥĶͷϡ
鱻õζƣʱԳ
һôұ۾棬һ΢ɼС롣Ľëܳһգһգأ޵Ľë
ȵĺӣȻ麦ˡ
ٿæҪ
æֱˣͷһһã¶ȽȥˡٲȥҾҪʩˡ
˵ţҩŶ롣
ϵҩݸӹһ¶ȣ̡̫
һףݸ顣
һڣҩôĿôࣿ
üҩڡ
᣺ҽЩʱסûŰա
ûŰ
Ϊʲôҩôۣڷҩôడֿ˼
һؿ飺㵽ǲǸ˰ֳҩʱ࣬Ҳۡôϣô̰
ǲ֪ʲôģȻԳ࣬оۡ
Ѿ˵ˡ
ָҩ꣬һβʣ
л˵
̽jiojioû뿴²ıѽС
СäޡԤ40Wҡ
ʢɽӡԤգдˡ
شԤ(T . T)Ұѽ


115  
ҡ硭ҡ
˵ͳȥˡ
ҩֽһں˰ɣȥҵ۽, 
üҡͷӹһں꣬ζһֱᴩ, ǿ಻ԡ
ʱŮ࣬ϱ˳ȥ
˹, , ţ࣬ͼ˯
, ͬһ˯ɣż
ɫ䣺ˣҾڽ̤ſһҹˡջûء˯ʵˣһҶ˾Ͳˡ
鲻ֻͣԷ
æ, ִ, ι顣
˷Ժ, ¼˯
ŮжױͷϵķΡ, ˺صĽһ±ɴȹֶһˮڴͷ, Լľڽ̤黻ͷϵĲ
ĸʱ, ˯ˡ
΢˶Լļ̲סզࡣ
ò˵, ҩ, ˡ
ϼط۵ȥ, ʱѣѾ磡ҲȣҩȥĸѾˡ
黺ͷϵĨ漴ڽ̤ϡſڴ˯ŵļ
һ±ɴĳȹĺƷϿġ䷲Ůһ㡣
ƼûзӦ
ҿӣ˴Ѽᱧ˿ʹذѼڴ棬ѽϵЬˡ
ȻԼ˻ȥ
ûһᣬֻü͵һ飬Ȼ忪ʼһΡ
֣ץ૵ҡҡң硭ң
֪ˣæ֣
ѾȫֵץƤµ鵽Ҷζ޷۽Ử䣬һ߿һߺҪң磡磡
ǰʲôʧһ㣬͵ȥץȴץһա
æס֣ߵͺ𣺡һѣ
ȫץһֱ˻ߵؿţҲһ˶ңҰ
ûа취ȫֻԼĻߵ£¡
ץס飬ݺݵرסߡ뿪ң¡
Ħıڱʱ򣬸ѧţǷڱţ˼Ķ
ֻҡ𽥽ټξȼյĻ棬סξһ˲䱻˱ԭ֮ϡ
вտޱȣвӥʣʴʯлůġ
ڶôңԶ䣬Ǳ鱧ڻӣȴޱȵů͡
ξȻԶҲô
һѼƽþò
*
峿еĹ¥һ졣ѻ˯𴲵˺ѡ
һһů塣üͷ̲סֱ۾
۾
ɴ۾ȫǲôܵġѾˣʲôĶͷ㻹𣿡
ҡҡͷСҽҩá
𣿡
ҲϺöˡ
˿ԼԼģ
üûлش
˲ͺһƬ棬Сȹӣűȥҡȥ㿴ҩûá
˵Լٶ˴һ̾ˡ
ȵ̲סЦˡ
*
ȥԣҪġ˵Ȼ˿ѾˣǱûҪˣûô
Ƿæһ죬Ϊϣּ⴫
ԻԼյļңճʱ븮
ΪλǷһĴ硣
ˣһڻʹŲ븮
һᣬ򶫱˵Ѿˡ
һǴӲŽӽģԻԼûмŮӡ
ǽţ
鿴վ쿴鵥ϥһ񣺡ūү
ͷա
뺣ӵݸ飺£λԻݣԻʺ׷ĲĴңҶ˼׷Ϊлԡ£׷Ϊǡ
ӹӣһһ˶뺣ˡ
ԻǹɣԱһյ裬𣺡ø㾴裬ӴԺá
Ҷ˼Ҳ˲յ׼衣
ţĿɨ˲յĹ
ԻݣЩŵŮӣ֮ǰɶ⣬ڳϲԻʺʧ£ҪϺҵŮ
Ҷ˼Ůӣ븮λݱȳҵŮҪߡΪҶȻǺųЩҶҼҶѾɵλãλҪ΢Щѡ
аԴĦζһĸֵ檣һ˳ɫĹŮ
ÿ׿Խò
˼ѵòһĴ
Щ֤˴ʱ˿ڳеķ
Ҷ˼ȻͷһֱԼ۽ĵڵλã飬ذͷ͵øˡ
΢Уʶؿ顣
һյոõȲ裬һɶ˼Ŀ⣬һɻ
һЦȷѣԻݣԻʺֶŮ
ǡʺҵĹ衣Իʵش
ô˵ҵǲҽⱭˣôָʺָµĲϣͷŹĸŮӡ
ЩŮûʲôȤǼģҪأû廰ֻԹԵغȲ裬ſϷ
Ի΢΢һ㶣Ű˵Ҫ׼ˡ
˲ֶʱͿʼ΢΢ȴǼ乧˵ĻҼ밲ȻһһŰµġ밲µū
һ⻰˵ҿɲҽӣİ㵱ūʹվ˰գ
ԻǷø̬ȸӳϿңĪҪȤˡ
Իݣѻ˵ôôԣԻݾȻһ㶼ŭһǫ̬
Իʺ̫˲һôĲݰ
ʱۣǸݰҲʡˣƫƫ˼ŮӣгǸ״򷢲˵ˡ
ŵġλݱԻݰһŮӣǿϷһֻı顣ЩСǱԻ˺ô򷢡
Ȧ˼Ѿ⼸ҵƷԳһ
ͷ飬˳ԻݷŵĻ˵ȥȻŵ£ǵ˵Ɑ裬ǽӻǲӣ
׼ٺһڲ裬û뵽սԼߣȻҲȲȥˡ
δŮӴֻЩ븮ûʲôϵ
ںԺҲټ
ټЩŮĸڳ϶ЩȻϣҲܿ
²豭һ˰ɣĸߵˣعصġ


116 ܼ 
Ȼʲôʡ͵ĵơ
⻰, Ż̧֣ӹյһڡҶ˼·, ȴûΪѡ
Ի죬
֮, ĬȥԼԺӡ
鿴Ժ, ҡ
һ̾治¸Լ£ԻʺҲҿ
, üҹС㣬ǵ̫ʦǻ顣̫ӶҪҹңһһԻʺ󣬾ƽƽҶֱ֣ǳ˵Ρ
仰, ѹСӦеѧ˸ųɾš⻰˵һ㶼û, ˮͷȫ, ˡ
ֻǽոսͰԻݵ, պ󣬼ԺҲᰲɣ
ʱεؿܾ޷̽İ, ֪СԹϳЩʲô
ԻݴСԻʺ, Ȼһ򵥵
Ůӣһ㶼¡
ֱߵĲ, ֮ǰҹļ, ҵǾøԻȥáҸտ, Ȼû˵ʲôﶨǼǺˡʱ˿̣תеЩˡһ¶飬׷ɢᰲһʱղҡ
ԭôġ
ѹȫҷϣҲûпһۣΪ֪ԺҪһλԻʺ̫ӵߡ
һʼʹˣô鷳Ĳ£һҪ鷳
Цˣ̧ȥԺ飬˵㡣
վʵܼҵȨһԻݣͱ뿪ʼվˡǷڸԼΣһȥһˣȫƾԼȡᡣ
µʵΪΣ
صӷž˼Ǹˣػ尲
ǵͷԻʺˣǼ֡
Цúÿ˶üԦδؾʺԸƣȻľܡҡԻʺãιԺͶĿȾҪӦ֡
鿴żһЩ˵˻
ңЩ˽ô졣һ㣬ЩܰѰգ˳Իݵʧְ᲻գԻݿ˳ЩƦåԻݶһ£ôൣǡ
֪Щˣôֻû뵽Щˣࡣ
ԻվӣǲԻݳ
飬ȻȻһЦҼȻ·ҲȥһǸ򵥵Ĳɣ̽һ̽ʵ֪ǲһܹΪǵˣ
ͷЩ£ȷʵҪȥ
*
ǰα鱱ĸۡȻͣȻĸۡȻҲɷͬ
ݶ۵Ҫ󣬰ۡССһ
Ӧй涨ĹơΪ䣬Ϊ߼䣬䣬޹أ䡣
޹ַ˶Է
ԷǾסĵطԷǾסĵط
ԷϺʱԿֵǣһŲԷǾסĵط
Է԰࣬ľһŶǴӻʼ԰Թݡ
ѡۡΪΪԷһУֻŵĲִ٣Է֮Уûݺãұ
ԻݴӹźѾͷ壬ǴԻݼѡȥĽ㣬ʮ
ʮĹŮѾڹ˵ʮˣںԺŮЩ塣꼶ĹŮųȥʱ仹ꡣ
꣬㹻ԻڰվȽŸ߸Իһź顣
Իݷסůܸ
űңΪ¥ǰмɽˮأһ԰СԺСǾ·š
ԻһůܸΣòϲ
ɨһȦСԻߣϲ˵С㣬»ǺܿģԺһ㶼ȹЩסĲ
Իݿ԰ŻǶɵü
ӵǳЩ˿ΧĻҲûж˵ֻǰԻݵСһ·ȥЪһЪա
Իݵͷ֮ϡ
ԺӶһ飬Իݻ㱨ԺСԺԸС㿪Сԡ
Իûлػֻ˼ط㶡
ǰԻݵ֣СΪŶ˲裬ۣ
ԻҡͷίʲôֻǰЩ͸
һԻ˵ҲΣʵʵվԻߡҲһͷˮʵô᣿ǰôһСƢֻҪԼʱգСض⸮վŵġ
Իǳ̾һڹźô꣬ɼĸҵűµΪģ
룬ŷԻݵĵʲô
Ի˵ûȻںԴ˾ռߵ飬ǶŮ˽µ顣ڱǰһǫõģ
ͲͬˣȻҵŰµΪ½˵ƺҲûκβõӡ
ǹƴү˼ɣʵ
ԻҡͷˣԼүʼվûаҵһ°ɡ
Ի仰£˱㶼巽Щϲ˲Ʈɢ
ڻʳӵкܶࡣЩ˹ʲôӹ
΢ȨһڹٶѹЩŮһͷοʹ֮⡢լֽ첻Ӧеصزĵط
һʱԼǰ·ãе
ݼԲȻ⴫
Իһ£塣ǰſڣʦү롣
̣ůܸ΢΢˵ԲүԲĿ
Իɻ󣬿壬˹ȥѰжŵøԻݿ
Իݼ򵥵عĿһ˲ᡢʹ嵥ƱԼһԿףʱһæʣʦүǺ⣿
׻ش𣺡ү˼ԲڻʺߣŴ¶ĿȾӦ֣ûҵʵԱ֮ǰһԲ
Իüûκ𣿡
ش𣺡ү顣
Ի⻰һĪĻšǸԻʺһں󹬴ôãʲôûм
룬ûбϣֻǵͷ¡
ǰһ˹
Իº͵лͰʦүһˡȻү˼ΪүūͣҲƴǡ檱ȽԿãҪܼҵȨġ
⻰аԶԻмӡ
Իʺ߳ĸŮӹȻʲôʡ͵ĵơ
һŮ»һ챻ӣжٶЩˡԻ뼾ǰֵǫѷüһ
ڣүԽߵѼһӦ񽻹һõ˹ܼ֮ȨٲϲԱ
ԻݽӵԺ˵һ˵ĺԼֻǴƹһ㣬ԼûȨС
ŭ飬˵飬ûд󱯴ϲ֮顣
ŮӷںԺ²үöԸ޷ҹҹ
ȭһݣүһЩҪͲˡ
Իݿ壺ȥͰʦү


117 Ի 
Ҫʺ̫ӣ
, Ͱůܸ
忴ŰӰʧ£ϲӡ
Իü̵ĶϲӺ
ڹ, ֻܱӵſƺ֮¡ү񶼽ˣⲻ˵үʵǺܿӵġֻǰǰǹ, Ų÷
ԻݺǺһЦôģ
ͷǲȻأ
Ի˳ַֽŵԼΨһһվӵĻˡ
, ˿ֿ˿Ի, ߵԻǰ£ߵݴ񣺡ӣ嶼Լҵļ͡ѡʲôǾ͸ѡʲô
ûȫ׽˼ֻ㶵ؿŽ塣
壺
岻֪壬Ÿһ
ǲǲӷ˵Ļ
ҡҡͷ
忴Իݣ, Ȼū˸, Щ, Ǹ˵úáⲻǹغӵҲغǵġȻС鲻, ɶڻʺȴҲ֪һݺĵ
Ի˼ܣ˵Ļȫ޵
ǰŵŮӣѡһͽ, Ӧū͡ڳ֮ǰ, ص˻ʺѽ˰
Իʺ֪, Ҫµĸ, Իݱ, ǸţȻᰲĲ١
ڴ޵ЩӣԻѾ˼޵ԺӦ¡
Իʺ̫ϣһһȻͨع
ǲɫظϵһѵѵԻݵǰձ
ůܸа쳣һãؿԻݡ
ԻȴѾ˺ü䣬̾һʺ̫˵Сϻۣͨó֡ǶĲѡһˣŲ䵱̫ӵıֶΡЩֻΪ̽ҵ⡣
Իݿ壺㣬õȨδã
֪Լѡ빬ΪɣǴϻۣԻʵ⣬޷ش
ԻݼͷЦˣûѾأȻѡеȨѹ켺үҵѳ谮ε߬Լаɣأ˵ǰ˵㣬Ǿǻʺ̫һߡү֪ҵݣҪѹܼҴȨң޷Ǿ뿴ҵ̬ȡһ᲻վһߣ¡

͵ӵ˼ԼǣүʱڣûĶĿ̽Ϣ뾡һа취̫Իʺ󴫵Ϣô˾ûкӿԹˡ
尵ԴĦһӽ˵ĻˡӴӦԣ
ԻݷеֽţůܸԺţȰȻǱվӣȻҰװ׷˼̸ֻС
󾪣Ҫʺ̫ӣ
Ի΢һԲ
*
Ȼ쵽ŵʱ򣬸˵үҪůܸá껰֮󣬾һӦŮľпʼůܸڷ
㹽ˡӡ㴻ʰݫġ峴̶ѿϹţ⡢Ҷ
߲һŻ
ԻݻһɫؾĹװվſ񣺡檹ӭү
֣աԻϯ
ţûڹź򣬼в˶ԼΪԻ׼ƢźòˣֻٳԶ࿴
ԻɨһĲˣȻֻһˣȴ嵭ʱÿζţȻ˲٣ǴӦҰ˾Ӷࡣ
ԶһϸʣԻݲ˵㿪ڣǲ˲θڣ
Իݼ˵æ룬ںÿӣصǣֻû뵽үȻϲҰ鲼Ұˡ檺СʱҲĸȥɹ㴻ĸʳ
Իݷ룬ںÿӻػǹĹء
״Ҳ˵ʲôֻЦЦ꣬Ӫﲻȹźţʱ򣬶ǽʿԼȥЩӦڵҰˡҰζڡö֮ϰˡҲǹ߻Կˡ
⻰ԻĻ䣬ȻԣĹȻǶĻʺ󣬿ǼȴԻʺЯġ
ʱԻҲǹҰɼҰ˹ӡ
Իݱ΢ᣬԭڻʼңȻҲһԹ࣬ʲôĶԾƫ顣
һѶ𣿡
ԻݻػЩپʦǸˡ꼶ᣬãүġ
ֻЦ˭ͻܼңѧģĸƹܺһߣȻĿȻҪ˵ӦһЩ
Իݵͷã檳ϻ̳Ͽ֡
鲻ɵðЦһԻܹһõͦ
һ˿⣬ɫãǿⰲĹܼ֮Ȩ
Ի⻰̧ͷͣүֻǾԼ㡭
Գ֮ɫǫѷȻǵУɹǫҪ˲룬ǲûܼҲգԺôŮˣһϻ˼ġ
Իһˣ
ܼҵȨȻҪԺЩΪ檵Ůˣ
ңԺĵλҲͰˣԺЩλݻûߵŮӣǲͷǽǸӵ
ڰʾԸ⣬ҵһԸŮˡʱҪȥʺ̫ǰ˵죬˵鵡ԼҵĹ
Իݰ̾һ鿴ȥһ㣬ʵЩ˵ֶΣȴһ㶼Щ켣ں󹬵Իʺ
ԻݺôҲǸԻʺں󹬴ʮˣƽмֱؾص񣺡檷룬ˣǹѡģֻݽү龩һЩˣҲûү檹£ټİү檰˸Ūɣ
⻰΢УҴˣǸھӪҴƽû
ԻݴûҲүһɡЩ˸үǹĽ顣檲ǮϿ˿ǣԹ
һһԻʺŮȻʲôʡ͵ĵơ
䲻ŲæͼϽһ
ܼȨԻݣνһʡʱʡĺ塣
Իݱȼóܼ仰٣ԻݽڸаߣպҽڰԻݸ
ԻѰˣٲҪһЩԻס
Щ飬ǼԺĺ󻰡
ڵ֮ԻףҲס֮ȱٵΡ
ܼȨ̽ԻǷ֮ģԻݽҪĻ̽мΡ
⼸Σܾܿ;Իպѡ
ǲǱǲ
ȻΣκ
һԻݣһֿȥȣû뵽Ȼһﷴһ


118 ѵ 
㻹֪ҩ
ûСŮ, ҲһеˡԻʺ̫ӷѾĻһŮˣŮ˱ȻǺöԸġ
пɬ治֪ԻŮ, ˻Ĳҡ
Ȼ˼ãȴûбֳ, ֻǳƬ, ָ棺ڱвᣬÿµǮж, ǮǴߡҪøСҵİȥҪʣûڱӣһð͹
Իݵͷлү檲Ҫүȫһʣʣµźƽ
⻰ڸ˷Žŵա
ҪԻʵйܼ֮ȨҲǲԣҪ, ԻݵĹ, ˲Ż᲻ҵ
鵹Ǹӡ
, ԺԷҪôأͰݡϾڹ, ûôءԻƽԼǼԷ
ԻվȴѾ亹ʪ
һУԻݾ;ñķ, ֽŷ顣
û, Ȼһô˵ˡ
ǷԼʹһ, ˵֪ôϾԴ˴ɫ
, ԥشӦҪ, Իͷ
ΣҪλӦأ
ֱӰԱ͵Իʺǡ
Ի̧һ飬Ѿţ˲죬ܼ֮Ȩˣ£ԼСʾҡ
Իݷ㶵ʱѾˡ
*
ŵʱʩ롣
ʵո鰾ҩô˵ģ
صԪ
Ԫ㡭ɴ۾ôдģ
һһȢŮ˰ЪȥԻָЪءдԪʲô⣿
ƿԡ
״дԪõѡ
֪Իֲ˵ʱ򣬿˻ʲôӦ
ǰڹﲻŵҲˡ⼸߶ö࣬ǲԽܿˣʩԺ󣬷ȷӳɵõ
Լȣο䣺Ժעġ
̾һעⲻע飬㱾ӦþġʦѾһܹ׸ķӣΪʲôԸԣ
ĬƬ̻صҲԸԣûʱȥԡʦǷӣҪ״ҵȣҩֹǡһʮʱ䣬ұػȥһԡûôʱˡҲܰЩѹȬϡ
һӽ㡣
Ϊҽߣֻ棬ֻܾ＾ȡ֪ȥȻ᳹׷ϵ
ֶǵķӣԽСʱʹãЧԽá
ԽԽ󣬾ζţѾûȫϵĿˡ
ÿÿ뵽;ñһᡣ໰˵ȴֲ˵
Ŷ룬һҩ
ҩ֪Լȷʵ̫áΪЩֻ꣬رʱŻҩ
ӹҩ˵ҩʵҩô࣬ģ
һ֣üëԾһ𣺡ԵͷͲ֪ϧԼӡôˣ֪Լ飬Ӳ˺ü²ҿҲ࣬ҿûôˣõڷĸ𣿲˵ڶԴԼϣ˭Ҳ˵˭Ű񣡡
˵⻰ʱǷ߷߲ƽı顣
֪ΪҽߣԼˣæЦֺãѽ´ҽϵġ
ݺݵбһۣȽ첻ٶˡҩͺЪŰɡ
һĺӣС䣺Ǹ簴ơҪš
ɴ˫ۣҪҪ
գգ۾ͦҪġ
УҲͬ⣡һ¾ͱĹĵز
㲻ͬʲô
洫æѿȹӷ
Ŷ룬żһҩζ̲סüɨһȦͷһ룬ʵҵҩ
û㻹֪ҩأںأΪʲôȥҰѼͷ
ǣԴסж鰲ŵġ
ڶԴ԰ĲϣһӻܶżȻҪ鷢ġ
׳˼һᣬֿϿųƹҽѦҲƢ;ǲѧҽĶ㱩ꡣ
Լо֮Ȼǲûȥѹ
룬Ȼѡ˸һģһķʽֺ䡣
죬΢΢˼ӯӯģԭҾΪ
װ£ϵڶû˸ϵһ
ѾܶΡ
ֻҪɻأһޱġ
ģÿ׶Ҫϼ֡
ȿȡ
ŵæ˺üֻǰˣĲһ˲һšһȣһװ㶡
һŭûطָָֻȻ˦ȥ
һۼ
ֻһ䣺Ÿʲôȥʲô۶ӡ
ֻظȥˡ
һ飬Ц
Цʲô
֣ûǾ俴װɵӣúЦǸƢһʶ
ֱҡͷҿɲҸһʶûôңҪǵַڷգ
춹ģӴʱ䳤˾֪ˡ飬ԻΣ
ڼ棺򵥡
ŶǸȤʵʲô㷢п
ܼң跢ӵĻᣬҪ˵ϵ赹һ˼С
Ҫ裬æֹģһյȲˣȾϷ纮ȼͲˡ
鿴˿еĲ豭ֿ˿ذеĲ豭£ȤôͿʼˣ
ת˻⣺أ
üûˣҴӦ˵ԼŰ졣
ͷţѵˡõͳȥȫƾ˼
˵Żſڴˡŵ漴һŮӵ£ūȲ衣
ͷͽ
һյϣȻ˳ȥ
ע⵽ŮӣЩѡźŮӳôһúһ㣬Ҽ
һֱǸŮ˳ȥһڲ裬ֶһҩ
ڿͷ𣺡ҩ£ȥɡ
صҩ˶˭ģҼҩκ©Ƕҵ⡣
æҡͷҪʱȥùͷ
ʶȤذҩӹһںˣ˵


119  
Ҷͼı죿
, ͺܿġҪҩʲô۵ÿ޶ûеطޡ
ˣֿ˻, ˦˦ӣ뿪, ȥһ硣
ϵĲĿζ, ŵҲ
һۣôֱȣֿʦܣŲôԴ֡
, һ棬ֻ˳۶ѡ
ʲô£վȥѷڱڹҩó϶æˣ㻻ҩ
ܣ׼
Ѿһ㣬ͷһۣ㻹ǲǸˣܲܳԵ, ۣܵ
⻰, Ͳ, ת˸, ֳסԼ򦣺ǲ£֤һ¡
죬һ䣺޳ܣ
Ȼȥ˵Ͱ·˿ڴѪӡ
֣Ӧð, ҩһʱͼЧ, ôһˣѪ
ͷ˿, Լϱϴʱֳ˿Ѫ, Ĭ
üļ򴦵ɴ, ۲˿ϵȷʵϵЩ
˼Ƭ̣Ȼ۾ȥɻˣ
ţ
ûӦ˵ʲô
ҡͷӶû˵ʱдԪȼ֮
ۣȿȡ׼˼
һҡͷһ߰ҩϣ۵ĺˮֱµΡ

֪ΪʲôҪҩˡ
п˵жܽС
ҩ黺һȥʼ·źҩ׼ݣԼԾϡ
̧ͷʲô
ݾͺáָָů
һϷʵģҶͼı죿
ÿɷ
ڽ֮ǰȷʵпܡںԺôŮˣôϰɣ
һŵŵżܵߣһ´˴Ծ棬굽˯˯Ĺĵذѱͷϡ
鲻룬ȻôԼûϣ
ϸϸһ£һ׷ʱϻͦġϸ㡭𡭡
Ȼôȥˣæ˼һŴˡ
⼸նûϢãڴϣմͷ㶼˯ˡ
δʱĩˡ
˯һֻԼʹ˼֡Ƣãҩһһ
Լ·ãڴߣҡѼҪȥţ¸顣
ü̫ˡ
ת˺üŻŶǷ
һûѵӣúЦ˯ˣ
㣡
һǳˡ
վ·ҽ˽ʰʰ˯ˡ
Żû˯ѵӣŲױ̨
ʱ򣬼ڴŹǷ
鿴źЦôô˯
޾ɻص⼸̫ˡͲ˵ˡϷգҿһޡֽȥĻݲݣҲܲס
ˣͷѼģһ⡣
һһޣصʵʰˡ
ǻͿһ˯һɡ֣Ҫ
ţҿȻҡҡͷֱӣִ˻ҡҲˡ
ϰߣһµıܡ
ԽԽϰǣ֣ӵ
̰Ҳһµıܡ
һӵУӵеĸࡣ
һ޸ŮӣҲûΪ
ܵһУڹˮġ
ԣʱ̲ԼԳ٣ϰߣ̰
ǣһˣôصסԼıģ
ʱ̡ڹ
壬ĲƸ
ܶʱ򣬼̲ס룬ǹˮ޹᲻ҲһȥԴˮ
ͷһĳ;ԼĻ̣һطһһ㣬
*
ţ鱾Ż
ǹ̫ʦڳеĵλԺգ鶼ӦõοҲʦӹ
ɶʮеڣ̳ʱĹ飬һľ١;ֻ¡ڹ£һŹѧϰ˾ֵ
ڿҿҹʮ꣬λá
Ȼ˹ĺأǾҲòϣΪϻĵõġ
ȻôԼŮ޸ѡ̫֮ԼСŮ޸鵱
ûеıƽҹϵôҷԴ
쵽鿴ڹЩʱգǴΣ
⻰˼ڿΪˡ
ش𣺡Ҵ˵ϺãҲ˵ϻõǹˮĹƣԴöһӦȫ
ĿƣǵԼɼ˺ۣһӿ
򶫴ͷȥ˹
̫ʦؾ˰࣬ڸϵŰš
ȴѼҲȫ£ؾءʵʵظ뼾һߵݴ
ȻֻϽƷͷΣݣƷֱԽ̫ʦƷ˳λΪ̫ʦְλ֮ǰһƷ
ҲΪݣƷҲֱΪһƷͬ
£û˿ԴԼǵʱ򣬱
˫£ӹ̫ʦǰ߹ա
һ÷ӰڵſӰڣǼ򵥵úܰ
̫ʦ΢΢̧ͷص÷˪꣬޳ͦΣڡϲ
ڣͷⲽá
ü֪ΪʲôҪôһ۶ӣ£ա洺͵ġ
üá
˵ԹԵؽ˹ȥˣ̫ʦüһԵĹϽɻ֮ɫ
첽׷飬ʵôˣ
΢΢ͷĮ
δ飬ദʱҲδǰڳӵļӡ
ݣȻصûôˡ
еĮ׷㲻Ҫ˵ǿƾٵ飿ģҪôǸϺ꿪ڣ
˿ڣͲ˵ˣ͵ǹŮһٻŷ鲻Ȱӿ˽Ų
ں棬ֱġ
֮ǰĺƷĲһ


120  
˵ѹܼȨԻݡ
ôˣ
ΪλԹ̫ʦ䵭̫ͨʦ
, ϾеĴǿƾҪô죿
ҵúܣ֪Ϊʲô̬ȻȻת䣬ֱӰ֮ǰõļƻȫҡ
뼾, ̫ʦ޶޶
Ƕյ裬˸˼, ໥, ˭Ҳ˵
뾲ǲ̫Ϊһŵӣֻǹһʱ䲻Ӧݵת, ֪Ӧ˵Щʲô˵Щʲôƽ֡
Цӯӯؿ飺밲»űϲ¡ţ֪ǷԸţ
鵭һЦɡ
һ֣Լ࣬Ȼûл˵ˡ
˹ˣ鵽׺«ʲôҩƽʱʱ, һѻôֵϳչļ, óĬ
ⲻ, ˣĸףЩõСƫˮի, ;ɩɩȥ߰ɣ˳µĶ
϶뾲ô˵Ҫڵطһ˵Ӧá
Ź˳ȥʱ, һ, 񾯸ҪˣϽ˵£
ȴһȻӣضŲ豭, Ų衣
Ȼ, ˱ļ, ֮ǰûͰĸ̣ѲǼ˳
²Ҫ׼ѧ׼ڹ̫ʦﷴһΣ
ĪĻңʲôֵľٶ
Ůߺ󣬴ֻʣ顢
Ȼ֪ΪʲôĴӽʼͶô䵭Ϊ£ҪһЩ
£ûиǳʲôɣȻûһ˵
һͦã£ڶͰҽĸ̽źҡ

ŵ´֮󣬹ձҪϳ˰ɣ
һ¸ռڣҾϢʱ̡̫֪ʲô취Ҷ漸٣

үǿˣλү¹󣬲κν顣
һ仰һı£治˭ӵеġ
ѹַŽʱһɽǲǹ˵ӡ
ô˵ڰóĴԣҲˣϲƼң಻ǿһͷ
˼ת÷ɿ졣
ɲʲô¡
ҰѹС޹ȥΪľʹϵ
ɣһʼû޺á
ǰЩʱ֮ڳϱվӣֶ˷ʤ
鲻׽ѵǡѾ˸õѡ
ͬһʱ˼ˡ
˽һ㵵ػһۡ
ȻѲյٵǰϸϸ۲ʽͨĲյʵ⣬Ѿֻı龡۵ס
²յ̫ʦζҵĿζ֪ʲô裿
ع˼֣ص£ǹׯԼĲ衣ʲô衣
Цҿɷ̫ʦҪһЩ
ףһ˸±һЩ
üƷһЩò衣
һߣŹ뾲ڹԺ뾲֪Ѿüȡ˹ˮһģЩ֮
˵ǺܵģϾ޹ȥ಻ԼŮǣԹʲô̬Ҳ֪
ǹ뾲һۣ뾲סĸ첲ڰÿɻã
ͷԴöǼõġ
뾲æҡͷǣɩɩʵòòã
ɻѲɹˮɩɩʵ£벻ԺŮôϲ顣
漴һͷ´ҲǼġ
뾲ҲǺһƬشǴʣҲ˲࣬ʵĹܼȨԻˣ
һ£ŷӦԭ뾲֪
һмһ˵ıصûаѹܼҵȨҡǲң𣿡
뾲ֱ̾ҵɵðܼҵȨһȥҪͺˣ밲»»飬ȻŨŨһȥԺЩݺռ˵µģӾѹ˰
һŵӣɩɩҪңҲŲš
ʱ뾲һ밮ӵŮӣԼķĶáʱøȹϵһ㣬֪￪ʼȰ
۾Ųͬ뾲һ¡
ڹչֳĴϻѾһŮӿԱġ뾲ǰ޷ǾΪΧ˾áˮˮѡ
˿ڣϵҪڸţȥŷŵ㡣
뾲ͷ֪ҪԼ롰ˮ˵㸣˸ӣŷȥ
һΧŵѾͷǣȥɡ
˽˳Ժӡ
֧ˣ֪лҪʣִ¶
ˮͤں档
ԻƼô£˿żɽ
óȥġ
ΪΣʡ
أΪҪ尲Ҳ֡
壿˻
΢΢򦣬΢УֹԺͨϲŽܼȨʱ֪ˡ룬֪ˡλ϶Ҳ֪ˡǰҪ尲ԭˡ
üǵ˱¡
ֶԲڹ֮У΢ˮӹ½ǡ
ٷȻصĸףŮΪɲء
ΪΣ
ˣǹԻһ
˲ڹƼҼʮ꣬Ȼ֪еϵ
˵˻ᣬԻĶĿ˼
תͷˮĺǰ붫֮Ҵ˾ȥԻĸ׵˼һҪԼˡ԰ϻֶΣȻ¡ԻԶǺεȵķ⣿ʮױĸססشôнڰȥ
˹ܼȨҪⷽĴ˽üͷչˡ
ͷⳡԹûӰ죬ǶĿԱһڰԸĸ״ذϢǶԻʺԼˣǶˡ
˻˼˼üԼǣתʣ氲˼ΪΣ
΢΢Ц𣺡ˣұϾĹˮ̽һЩ裬һڰȫͲչעңҲȫʵҲᣬҲ취ŮΪµҪλãȻҪʶȤЩھ滹ܻңȴѶСͿԻٻˡ
㵹ǻ㡣ѵöԼ¶Цݡ
ףĸ׷İɣŮʡá
л˵
ڶ10㡣ţһ12չڶʱ䲻d(^_^o)ڿһ֣


121 ̽ 
򳯡š
ѾӮ˹˵Ρ
Ǳ߻սơ
Թֻһ㶼¶, ֻȴһ׶ûС
л˵ȴһĵӡ
̫ʦ֪ǲЩ޹ؽҪĻ, 㴹˼Ƭ̧̣ͷʱ, Ѿ, ˫£˵
̫ʦӲͷƤʵ֪¶Լ̳ʹʹ, к뷨
΢Цɣڳ£ǾͲҪĳ֮ϵգ˵ɲ飬һ¡ɣΣ
̫ʦһֲõԤУһ֪ʲô
Цòã˵һ˵볯, еա
̫ʦü֪ʲôأ
ʵ̫ʦ˵, ʲô, ǵ²֪أ
չַ֣ӵķ, ĴָĦźľ΢ֲڵ棺¼λĺСһ꣬Ÿ߹ٳ², ϶, ԼʱĹ̫ʦһֲ߻˳¼
̫ʦüᡣ
̧Ǽ֮, ¼۹ĽɡǼʷ, Ҳ˲, ܵĵطޱָ޷ĶɼȻ˵飬ҽȥա֪֪̣֪һйڳŵϸڡ
̫ʦĬ
㷲Ŀһֱڹ̫ʦɨӡ
ԭﻹǽ黳걻ȥ
ʮ²֪ԵɣҲڳ֮Ϊ佫顣
ǵ龰
һСĺӣ֪˶õһ·Ӳֱʯ£糾͵
ʱ򣬴Ӹӵˤ£˲ʹֽŲõϰʯףıʹ
ײײطŶ룬˲ǣʶۣΪҪô
۲ȥֻ䣺ҳӣɱ⣡ȥգ
ҡͷţףҪôһڵģ
ұ£
תŭĿӡ
۵ϳֳ𾪣ڹԺС·һͯʧȥ䰮Ķ޵̶ʧ
Ĩһϵᣬתתͷһ·ųűȥ
ʱѾʮһ׷˳ȥȥıӰĿתλкλڵ˵Ŀͣɱ
꣬Ѷ
˶ΪѾ˳ǳ
ۿɼٶ˥ϡҲһ緢ӣ껪áȻʧһҹ¡
ʱſףǶۣΪҲв˵ʹˡ
ʱԼƴ󣬺Իʺһ죬Ļͩȫ
ţǵʱִѧʿǻǵʦϲʵȨҪ˵ܻԼŮȫ
ʹԼһӹ̸˻ұסְͩ׵͵ȵǰֿһѧ䡣
ȵ彥ַѾ˼ذ˲ɽŽһɱѧĽ
һУֻҪԼĶӻȥ
һֱϲ飬ΪĸϲһŮӣΪСȵĴսһѧСܵ游ִѧʿʵӰ죬ƷԶ˷ΪȴԿͣĸ
۵˫ۣռࡣ֣д֮ڡ
ڶǴ֮¡
һӣ붼ѾɳΪһ˴Լӡ
£Ҫ³鵱곯¼𣿡鲻ѯʣ֪롣
Цʣܲ𣿡
Ŀ¿֪Ͷ˵𣿡
Ц⣺ûԵľ򣬾Ͳ˵¡
ЦҪҹص곯ŵĸ𣿡
ǻ˹ЩŵˣʲôŹһɽ
񣺡£縺裬ңҲܿڡ
ֽۣ֪
ֻҪ̫ӻûеֻ̨ҪС㻹̫ͲĿŵرѶ
仰˵ĺֱףԲҼ縺裬¸鵱곯¼ҵļ壬ҵ˶ôġ
ͷָֻ֮ǰЦ⣺̫ʦ˼ˡҲʲô֮ˣ̫ʦ˵ôףȻҲҪĴշ
̫ʦףٶ˵һ䡣
ŵʱһӵˣǵͷسԷֻ뾲ΪʲôպȻôơ
˿̫ʦһǳ˿һ̿֡ȥˣȻȻüͷ
뼾һޱ顣
ҹĻٽ뼾ӹ̫ʦһǷĿ뿪
ϣָŶͷŴ⡣
ڵӡֵ𽥵ĵƻй
飬ֻİ
Ц˵һţһεѹѹ
ǵ֮
ЩĽֵġЩڽֵϣЦİգҲġ
ǰǰǳ粵Ҳȥ
Ծ鿿˹ȥ֣סĸ첲ʲô
عЦݶʱصϡ
ķޣϻȥӦȥĸŮЪšҲҸһЪš
Цϣһ˿á
ĬƬ̣ң㲻ˡ
üʲô
Ҫ»ò𣿡
Цݽа㲻Ǹңɼò𣿡
۾û˵Ц
ػصҲû˵Ц
ĬãͷҲܡ
ɣ˵۾ĵصȴš
ɼüҳ
˵һʼҾûκ룬ΪݣẦң𣿡
ûԼһֱסݣɣûȷ֤֤
һʱ㲻ϡ
ֵѵͲ棬ڹ̫ʦ˵ʲô
顣
šһһ˵ҪЩڳŵ佫ҷЩҪ˰ϢǷ
֪ȻûԵĲ֣ڲԾս޷Ƶĸ첲
Ը𣿡
ü΢졣
鲻ٱʣΪѾ̽ùˡ


122 ɱ 
飬ν
ջ, һߣ۾ﾪᣬŵ޴롣鿴, Ĩ
ֿ̹ĵʹ˭, ˵زѡ
, ҪĨȥϵᡣ

Ż뱯ˡ

ΪΡ

ѸٷԼеĵڶѡ
һ
Ȼ, ڿеֶˣһڻת˱ذϡ
ˡ
㵼̧ͷֻʸòԭĵط
ǴɱӦ졣
⣬бӦ, ӽֵСܳŰŵ, Ťһ
ಡһ, һХˡһϣϵĴһ, ̼ͱǣ˻
Ƭ⣬ޱ, ʶסԼĿڱǣȿȡ
侲Żճ, Ϊ˱ǳȥأ
˼, ǿԼ侲, صȥɰҩ, ȥˡ
泳ӣûĲ۾͸ɨΧˣâڶӲ¡
ȿȣȥϣ̫Σա𣬺ܿǷͻɧҲϹʱǣ
á
ż׼Ƴ
Ǽȴ޷
۵⣬顣
˲࣬һֻҲվû취㻹ܻ㣡վ
ץסĸ첲ҡ飬
۵ľ֣ʶȵĸо
ǰһվڻȶʹϢСο޺û
ʱ˿ֻ̣صǸֲڼǸ𳡡
һڻ·ĺһ㣬ͷľ֡
طӣ˫Լ䣬ͼ֮ĳȼշġž
ݡһȼյĳдܳĿǼ
ʸٶȼ죬û޷赲
ۿҪмһᣬתѼ£Լ漾һ
ƺһֱѼʸ۶ϣżûȼĵط˿
ڴͼƽ˴ʹѼִӶŭʣҪѰվֻܻ

ͫ΢

һѰѼӵվߡ
飬ǿԼվס˽š
޷ԼĲ
»
ԴӰǰǳ֮Ͳڿһۡ
ǳǸԶһ˲֡
Ҳһֻ֡
˫ֺغһ

һ˦ԼصĽ¡

ѵֻʣɫɴ£һֻˡ
ҡ¶û
ǣŴһƿն
ಡһһ磬ǳķ
Լһýʸй˼ʸԼΪģһԲϵļʸô֡ಡһȥ
ΧԱĸسһȫΧ
ѾѴ̿;飬ְһѲڴ̿ϵĽݸ
н֣ҡ
Ѽ͵м䣺
׷׵׺ȣǡ
б󷽷ܡ
һ·̵ӣҽŶ¥ӣԾ̵ﶥŽﶥĵֱӷ¥
µÿһ֮󣬶һֻʸƫƫ٣
¥֮Ǹ̿ͣ˲Ϣݶվֱӣһ
΢Уֻ΢ƣͷ΢΢Ҳһƫǵޱߵͷ֮С
ִָǸ̿ͣƺڸ֡
֪ѧ裬ԥضеĹһѵ
㲻ԥ·ָ̿ȥ
Ǵ̿ͺᵶи֮⡣
еһȥ
̿ӺȻ³ееĽ²໬С
аã볷Ѿ
һǴ̿ͰѵôеĽڽж齣ת˰ȦǴ̿һȣϣ
ȻӦ۶ϣ
ɣ뿪ĹΧϵˣ
̿Ҳ໰빥Χתܡ
ȣܣִŶϽȥ׷
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̿һתֵԾ鿳ȥ
ͷŴ֪̿ͣ̿Ծٴο£֪еĽٳһ󳷡
鵱Ȼᰴմ̿͵˼·У˹еʱ򣬷ܲͲԭǸһ΢΢ù棬׼ֻ
ಽʱǴ̿;Ȼ;ʽ±ۺɨһ£Ȼ˰ֱ۵ĳȣֻǲ˰벽ѣ
ǵ˲͵Ĳ
󺧡
˾򵥣
ĵһʼڲеϰߡ
ݶʱֹһٴβԡ
̿ȷϰ߾ͽ̫Ķܶ׻ɱ̡
ɱ˼·ĿԼǿ
ǶĽȻֵѡಽã;Уóе޿ɱܣ
ûм˻ɱ˼·
רҵɱ֣
֮ǰսĶȫͬ
ˣ
ʲôֲѾûκλᣡ
ĲѾܵлƤһ˲ҪĲ
֣ͼȥһֻ֣ܱǿ
ˡ
ཻ̱𣬶һɫӰ
г´ֱӵ࣬Ӳһ
˼صĵϣȻ˼ô̿ͼ˳ȥ
ַǰ
鳤һСģϵ
һۣš
ȻֵĿת̿еĵϵƶϸӲ̡
˵ϣӰñ˲Ӱ
˼еĽٶ£˲ֻһƬ֪õĽɡ
Ķϵʤ㡣
̿ͺս˦ֶһһɫ
סڱǣһ㣬ķΧ
Сڽߣ֪Ǵ̿͹õж׷ֻؿŴ̿ȥ
һƬ
ֻͷƬϣԼ磬Ѫ١˽Сҩﳷһɴѹסϵ˿ڣ棬㴦˿ڡ
ͷɫ԰ס
ֱ£ְɫ·ȾѪпһ¡
սϵ飬ν
ͨ죬ҳ


123 鷳 
ˣڴɱжҪȨ
ϵѾȫ, ֻ´֮ǽ塣
Ѫֲֻ֣ǰص, Ѿȥˡ
̧һΧ򶫣ȥڽ, šʮҡ
򶫵, ֱϷǽȥڽ֡
ڵϡ
ҽߣϰЯһЩõҩ, պ²ɰҩĸɴ
Ǵ鲱˿ڣƵ󣬿ļɵǲҪ˰ȺһͲһԴˡ
ֶ֪֣˵Ҫ, һκ, κβ
˵ȥ, Ϳ۶ǵǣѻ, ڻ¡ǣǰʱ̫áҾɡ
ֻϼλûص̫ˣҪ
Ȼ뵽ʲôʣ, 㲻սңΪʲôһֻ㲻ȥ, 㸮õôôΣ˸ˣ
ûҲҸ, ֻܲϵشŴ
վһԡѪֿڵӦһ, ŻˡҲ, õĶϵһʼֻ֪һУȷʵѷסְҵɱ֡
ַűʱɨһֳĴ򶷺ۼԸݽӡڵϵļʸܻԭ򶷹̡
˻𣬲ź֪źںð̵ĶȻһ
ô˵֮ôصˣʵΪ˱
뵽̬Ⱦͺ࣬óһСƿӣ浹һҩݸ飺ȳˣֹֹѪġ
ӹ
Զл˸漴ɽƽŰλѲϵ
ƽɨһضǺ´̿͵ʬ壬ڰЩ̿͵ʬһڡɵһ
ڳ룬Ѿɴ
һս
һѪȾİ긺Աߡ
һŮ鿴ơ
Ͼգһᱡ޺ɫɴҹ΢ڣͷζ˲٣һͷţһ£òǱ
ֵԵ̯λѾٴ
谵Ļ£ܿѪ
ƽ󣬷ڻʳȻȻôģĴɱɱĶǳս⣬ս֮Ƶİ
ƽƵǰϥأְˣ
һ̧û˵֣ڳƽļϣĿ
ˣ߳½һ鵽סˣڴɱжҪض֮ȨɱУһҪ
ƽõսľصˣһӦȻǿ𣬶Ҫ¸Ա
һһ취ת½һЩʱڳϣĪ¡ʷ̨죬ɱ˵ĵ¡
ƽͷְҸлָ㡣ְ߾ȫ
΢ͣɱУĶϵ
ƽü᣺ְȥֳҪְȥ𣿡
ҡͷ۾ųƽ֮󣺡ҵѾˡ
ƽͷһеǰϹš֡
ڶֻ꣬ſԳеֻֿСɡ
ܵ࣬γĸӣĳھڵϣΪһб¡
ֿλʻ¡
ְ뱳飬ѵֿ
ֿһѽɫӣʳָĴָ֮һһϣĿǽĽֵϣ嵭һŮա
ͷְżȥ
ֿתΣǰƽеӵòʼٸ˭ȻǺǡ
ֿû˵꣬ƽѾͷ亹
ֿ֮ϣ೵ں£ȥ
ƽŵֻս
*
ϣֿɫ԰׵飬Ҳһɣ˵ö˳
ҩʱ˿̱Ѿûôˣֿ죬Ǻֿһۣϵ˵
ֿչеӣס죬һֻӣŶսֱֱˣаӦ˰ɡ
鱻ϵһУѾˣֿ˵ǻһɱײ
齻֣ǵâǽȴûп㿪ʵµââ֣һսԷռˡϾâǽʱܵʵرȽ
仰顣
ֿüâҼǵûʱ򣬽󱣹ˡ
ĬƬ̵ʱڳ̫࣬㶼֪ûâ˾͸Ӧ֪ˡ
ֿͷʾֻƾһ㣬ȷʵ޷Ʋ˭Ҫ
ֿɱصǳ˵䣬㵽ˡ
żѾ＾ͷ
˶췢٣ֻðѼеͷŤ˼ȦȻ˸ӹ̶
鷢ڼϣȴʧ˷
Ϊ˷ж˦£ֻһɴ¡ɾ÷·մսϹŮ
Ҳ
ſѾվһˡ
ֵĺܣĺӻףͷȴǺɫġ俴۾˹⣬ûĹܹȥȭʦ壡
˱ϵĿҽѦӣһСѾͷԵ޹ʵغԼʦ壬ü˭ʦ壡
գۣѵʦ壡ҴʦĺƷҽȡЩҽʦʱ򣬼ҵģ
Ѧ΢΢һ㶣˰ΣŶʦյǸŮͽܣ
ǣѦӾȻǵһ󼤶
Ѧ̧ۣɫҰ״ת
һ˷ܵظȥԼĳݵˣͰѼ˦һߣѦˡֱ飬ҲѦˡ
ԭֻ¼뻺ֿ
֪һֱ͵ʦѦӵҽû˵ʲôȥˡ
ֿֿ̧࣬һۼü΢ɲһ¡
˼񣺡塣
ֿûлӦ仰ֻŮȥأϴһ¡
鷳ˡ
һȺŮѣżȥ˾ء
ѦӴ飬ȥһҩ®ҩ®ֿרΪѦӽģǽµϣҩ
Լмǧҩģˡ
ûôҩİһ̲ס
ѦӲְֻҩ®Ĵϡ


124 ҽѦ 
ҿ֡
·, 鲻ֱһѼ·ֱӴ˿ڴˡ
Ѧǿ˿˿, ʵСѾͷ㴦ģ
Ѧ˵, ҩҲܹ, صǡ
Ѧصͷ꼶ᣬֵǺ, Ǹʦַθڡ
䲻˼صͷ
ѦƵ鱳󣬿˺ۣüͷɵСӣ治֪˵ʲôá˵ϧôˡ˵㲻ϧգ˿ִҪܵʱ, Լܿġ
Цսϵ۰, ˵ô
ѦӿĶϼ, ȥ׼ӣҪѼͷæȥѦö
鵹Ǻ, ֣䣬ΪʲôѦôڡ
һ䣬صʦ͵ʦˣʦóǶѦҵʦŷֳ˶ҽһšʦϢ, ҲΪǵ۶, ¸ɵйʦ, ȡ֮֮ߵĸֶҩġ
⣺Ŷ, ҽ
û, һĽкʣǰ֦Ϣ
ھǱ߶ҵĽŵ̲סͷ˿

ֿ鷿ĲҽУЦúϲ£죺һΪӲأȥǲ֪Ѧӵֶΰ
һ²ΧѦӵѧţѦһ鱳˿ʲôĩһ˵СѾͷҸ˵ⶾŷֵġƽһرãС˿ڣ죬ϵúúõģ
ͷǻѦӣʦ壡̫ˣ
ü˫ֽգ亹ֱð
ҵġ
͸뵽һƶҽʦܸʲôҩˣ
а˾Ժ󣬼һˣҩ̶ֲؼ
˭֪ˣϻʲôʹҩ
ֵȻԹöҩ֪ʹһ޷ܵģ̲סʵʦ塭ҩʲôҩģ
ѦͷҲ̧ػصˣߵĽ֮ˡ
鵱ŵһ
ֻͷѹ֡
ѹû˸Ѧӷҩʹޱȡҩ˲û˵ֱιȥˡ
ֿԼĪʱ࣬ýȥҩ®һͷĺЦղס
ûصһۡ
ֿüЪһɣٻȥҹ¶صģܵǸ̿ͻûץס
һڻˣշҩ۵úܡҪһɱľûˡ
ֿȥ˿ͷ
¸Ѧл
ѦӺϲСѾͷϻۣҽʵ
Ѧ뵽ʲôʦ֮ǰңʹһ¡˵һȾϵĲˣҸķӣˣ
죬ҡͷûС
Ѧ֣ʦ˵ʱȣôڶûԣ
ͷ¶Ժ󣬾ͺòˡ
Ѧ̾һ·뵽ʲô᣺ֹӦģ˶ܺôԼգ֮ض
̧ʵʦⷨεˣôˣ
ѦǿЦҡͷ֣ôˣ
ء
ȻӦˣҿ
ְ䣬Ѿ΢΢
Ǹ̿˵㣿ò˼Ŀ֡
һ·ͻȻӲһ˲ϵһһĺáֱˡˡ
۵ؿѦӣʦ壬ûб
ȥȡѦһ֣ǿֳԷģԺǧˡһ²ܾҲòˡ
΢΢Ƿȭлʦѣּˡ
ҩ®⣬ҹҹĻǷ
ںҹⳡɱֻһıʼ
л˵
һ¿ һٵ㡣 


125 ҹ 
£ǵģ
һҹ, ע̫ƽƽԼְΧڽȫ̲أؼ, ҳ¡
ƽ˵Ļ͸һ顣
ֱ֮̾ﰡĵӲ
, Ѿȫǲ, ǷҪ׶ྡЩġǧô̿ˣƽ
Ϳƽ¿Դֲ飿
ƽƬ̻ص˵, Ǵ̿ͻϵϵ򡣻ǿԴͨ뺿ʼ𡣡
ҡͷ¿ûô򵥡룬̿ʹɱĶǰһɱĴ̿ͱ֮ȫɱڱٿأЩ˶ʿǴʿʿĴǺܴġҪǮ, Ҫء
ƽ˼һص׵˼, ҪӸйص˿ʼֲ𣿡
͵ͷұȨйְġ뵽ɱ, һʴ֮λйϵ
ƽһȥһ˾˵
סƽȲҪż, ػᴫ¶Ҫбµ׿ּ⣬ɡȨ¡óȻǰȥδؿϡ
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, ҪĲ, Ҫǳ¸¼ٿڵ
, Ϊ˽ĻǵȨ
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鱻ִɱ, ûҹѾ˻ʹ
붫ۼһӵϢ
ӵϢʱ򣬶Ъڻ
ҹ۱㱻ѡ
쾡ŵظһ鱻ɱľ
£С˵²ˣҲһ̵ܴص±ͽȥҹҽѦҽˡ
۵һ۰ϵĲյ˵ϣдͻ͵۶ĿȻܳɱ֮£ǸʲôԵģǸʲôԵģ
Ӵվָ죺ȥѳ͸
£۴ŭæվסۣؿڣ޻££ٴ£Ҳ󲻹Ӳǣ
۱۾ؿȴҲ˵
æȰȻѾ˵ˣǱˡɿѦˣѦ˵ҽҪŵġ£ֺα¶ˣֵĻ̻أ
۾Żֵ½Щ껤ǣհ֣Ƕġȴ£½ô᲻ż˳©Һȫǲץ̿ء°нһ٣Ҳô̿ǣ
۾û˵еԼȷʵ̫żû뵽һ㡣
£سһ˵ǣǹͿˡ
Ѿ侲ī֣ȥһţ
īڵȥţ顣
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Цˣɳȥɣ
ͷ῿ڶϣ䲻ģð̸ңҰӡТֻҪܽӣÿնҡţ˵
뵽ͩҲһοǸúӡƷºһ㡣ɵļѡ𣿡
µǣǺһ㶼ġ
ü⺢ӣһ㶼Ŀġ
¿ɱ˵ɣ˵ͩǣż⣬Ҳ࣬ĸ׵ٲ˭£
ۼͩҲˣ磬ɣ¿ЩҵĹﶼǺõġ
죺˵ЦжǺõġѲɻҪȫȢؼҲɣ
Ļ֣֪Щ꣬ίˡѡ˵һ׼
һЦίˣڱߣôǸ˵ġӣ񵭣ţҸͨ黭ĺӣһʼЩִһˣǻиġ
ļҵĹ۲Ż
ţ¾ùҵĹΣʮߣ䡣
۾һ£ҵĹ˳Ƽ黭ٵң
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۶Ĺмӣæȴ±ǴӦˣ
۵ͷɼƵ࣬һλù𿴻ѩҲʧš
īڶţ
˹˴ţ˯ա˯ţ檾ţ˵糯ȥѵҲ١
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Ǵ混ﱻ庰ġ
һ·ֱȥ鷿ú鷿ҡ
ȥղʿֵȥ
Ǻ¶˯ʹҴ鷿ȥˡ
󿴼֣㿴ܱ
ǰһӹǷţɨһȦ˼ذŷϣŻİϣ˫£վ۾
һ˷ܣղʿһ˽ĺʱ
Ȼʲôʵ¡ǵģ
һ㶣üΪʲôΪģ
ף
Լˣ˼ǣ£˶ģ
صҲֱܹ²⣬Ͼ´ӻʼ̫ӵ¾šǴʱ˿̰ʲô£Ȼһ뵽̫ӵ¡
ʱ˿̣һѣ֪ڹԼıˡ
£ݺңֻ뵽ܡ
һ΢Ǿãһ˫֮ڣһ˴ɱ½϶ٲҪһⶼҪģҪǱ¿϶ó½ʱ׽ô̿͡½޷׽õ̿ͣΪΣ
صȻҪְ컻ˡ
ͷһܱԣˡ˵˴ɱˮƽߡʲôˣôˣǴ´ɱˣ˳¼޻̫ӵ¡ټ֮ǰʺʧ£̫ʺͳʧ˾ġ֮λΣѡ
û뵽¾Ȼôοھ򣬡֮˭ģ˭


126 ȴ 
յֿ
ָֻͷֻˡҪô, Ҫô£ҪôǰԼϾⳡɱⳡɱ, ò˵ġʹżϾĻ廹δѡ, ǰ, ܴʹˣֻˡ
̧󣺡Ϊ, У˭أ
αϣĦıԵòŵֿ
üΪε»ѡ£
ʮǰˤȡǸλõˣԹ, һֱֵ֪, ֮㲻ҪС, ȻҲ̫ѡȻй֮, й֮޲
Ŀ˼˵Щ̫ˡڵҪ˼ǣҪô
ЦһôȻþһа취ҲҪӳҵֻ̿ͣҪ¹Ҿб°ѽԼ
ֱҡͷ, ô, е»
ΣֻҪƿ˽, ͲôȻһҪڹ, ҲҪûһսƷ¶׹⡣
۹£, ɣ򲻿ɰ¼ȻǳģôԷһǾıŸҶֵġʷ̨γ½¾һʰˣǹǵӡǲǲ׷̫ӵģ
źҰ޷Ϩ
ƲԼǷ·һ޳ɳڣԣ޷԰Ρ
һݣա֮ǰ˸ӲŻðʺĺ֮Ȩáµ¶ľӪһ
ֹסŭ𣬺ÿһ仰һѼ⵶ؿڣʹ޷
֪˵ÿһ仰
޴ӷ
˫ֽס֣۾˼ǿԼ侲ղʿѾƾֵİ취
̧ͷ΢ǵãµǰЯĽڶ
üҪ˰ǰѽͻ飿
ǵȥ
εºҪһˣ
һҪȥͽҪӡ
˵ѽ͹ȥ֪δɱʹ΢ţڹȥİѾķɱ£ûе֡Ҳַð³ɣȻ²ģͰѰЯǰѽȥ軹ȥ̽ˡ޹أ˵ųˣ˵ᾯ˭
Ȼ˺˼˵֪Ҫ뵽ⳡи׼ӣ鲻ҵѣҲܳΪ˵ѣ
ͷ΢˼ϵܺáǣ²ɣҲԵ¸гֵĽڲ࣬Ǵ̿;ٴδɱҲѳɡֻҪ²ڴɱݺˣͲܳС
ǽǱҪô죿ʵ˲γͣǽУ
Ѿˣ㲻γ½Ҳ˰γ½˭γ½¶һڵµϡԣ£һҪ˲γ½ʱڳ֮½
Ħ仰Ȼ򣺡ҵ˲ܽȥҲܽȥԭ״
ǣ
һڵûȫȨɱ˫ۣ֪ء
һɱǳȥģʵļն
һ˫һռơ
λӣһλ壬˭пΪⳡɱ档
ʩһƵ˼˶ˮö۸޴ӻ
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ֿ鰲һͷԡ֮Ҳķ
\\ڴϡϰɴüҩǵ߹ȥߣʵѦҽ˰ɣ
ҩ룺š
뿴ƣļѾʵʵģ޴֡
ԶһΪηҲ˵ء
ڣһӼ£Σһ
ͷֹסһ£Ȼüá
̧û˵֣ĨϵᣬЦʲôû
ͷԽԽͣͲţԲ𡭡ϡҲǹģҡû취ҡ
֪Ҫô͡
Ӳúܣ˭ߵġЦޣҷ˭µ֣ţ
ֻǵͷ
Ĩϵᣬ˳ͷˣˣҽˣ㻹ģ
ͷ̧ͷʵ¡÷ǡ
ü༾ôСèһ
֣Լ˸ɾȻǴɱȻкСҿպĳеĶɡ
㶼ôˣޣһֱЦ
һʼһĮȻӣ˵飬ôģ
鿴һֻŭСèȴΪβҶ̫ףֻܼټٵغһ
Ϊѹ£ܿġ
Цֻ̫ЦЦҶϰˣҲҪϿϰǡ
֪˵ʵ̲סһۡ
ϿǺΪ̽˼·չȥĲӣĺ޵ϡ
ЩãӶ˶Ҳûзҡ
˵ǰ˴ȥ磬𶯣ҿ˿ڡ
˵طļҲ˹ȥ
ԡŰɵͷõ㣬Ƥ½¶ջɴƤϣЩ͸
һ˫ۣſ޹ԲԲġģˮ浴
Ŀܿڴ󿪡
̧֣סֹٿҪϢաٿҲһġ
Ȼ֪ʲô̧úͮͮ۾صҲ

鲻ҿòŵҺôҲһˣ㡭̲ˡ
գգ۾ȻӦͷԼ½󣬶컬˼򣬱룬һƬ죺ᣡ·ֿҵģ˭֪·ô󣡡
ﰵյֿ϶ǹģ
аյֿ֪ûʲôģ
Ҫô˯
Ժֿ׼ޣûԵɵش硣
̺ôֿûԵɴ磬ӣˣ
ֿһЦڰ֣ô˳Щء


127  
ˣ˯ɡ
뼾, ѵվҪȥ¡æܹȥϰù, ϡ
ȻãԼһֱ, һֱչҲͦõġ
˯, æһҹˡһߵλá
ͷ, վһߣҧŴ
ֲ֣ǵһһ˯Ҷ˳ˣѲɻܶʲô
ԡ
ֵǸ壬ú, ͬ, ֪, ҪҲġ˵, ֪ˡ
£˯档
ͷá㡣
˵˿Ųȥˡ£ǺñӣԼ˽ȥ
, ˯š
۾һֱղ, һֱŷ˵Щ
ɻ޷Ŵ
֪˭
ôô̵ʱ鵽ݣǲģǾ¶һЩϢ, ˣ
ˣ
˼, Ȼů, һֱֻ۰£Ҫתȴˡ
⻰㲻Ҷˡ
鰵Ц§˯ɣˡôӵһʱ벻׵ġ
Ҿãȴͦ׵ġ飬
ЦˣѡңΪһЩֶΣЩٴϻۣҲѧġңСֻѧ˵ʱ򣬾¶֪ϹԱƷסʼϿεʱ򣬾ѧʥ֮ԡƾѡΪ֮ģСĿȾѧľǵȨı
ҵ˼֣סıııȡ棬Щ˵˼ȴ˽⡣ƷΣ»ʲôز
Ҿò̫ӡ˸飬ʱҲ벻˭
˵ģ֮Щ˱ػ춯ҿžСǶ磬ػҳġ
ɡĴ͸Σաϵĵˣǹ׶㰵ѷüͷɴĲӡ
˿£ڻǽ˯ô˵ô໰ˡôǸ̿ͣġ˯ɣԡ
żͷһƣ룬ȴΪ˸˵ȴ˯
ֻñ۾
þã黳˴գͷ°ͣᱧлл
֪˵ллʲô˼ȴǽпࡣ
ֲж֮ã㣬ˡôϢ
ظԺ󣬻Ƿַ˯ɡ
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ֿڴϣһŮųصͷվڴǰ
ˣֿ﷭һ顣
ŮصǣˡȻԡʱǲɢˣԼһھūǿˡ
ֿ飬һۣȥͰɡ
Ů£лү
˳ȥ
ֿеڴͷ£ӣ
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̲סһ£ҪͷպӣһӰ£һ׹һס졣
ŮûһѾ
ǸŮʧԺ
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Ѧӵҩ®£ʶѦӳõĶ
ֺȻڵʦ㡣ɱˡ
Ŷҩͷϣû˵ʲôһɻ󣺡ʲô
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һƬ¹ⶼûС
չſּϣ⣬ʵô֪
ֲĿصɱ˵ҹ˾ģ˸ĽŲˡһŲأӦǲ书ġһǽŲӯ书ߡ书ߵǸõǽһзһб˵ĽŲһǸ˲ƽȣȴǱˣӦǿʬˡ
һģ΢΢춯С
֣Ҫ׷ȥ𣿡
ü˼תü졣
ţӦûʲô£ʹˡֻһˡ
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Ĵɱһ¡
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Ϣʱ䣬ף´˽ˣһ²һ¡
ſֵļϣЦеؿ֣һĻҡ
ס겻ıȴûκα飺ôң
ǰɲϢ˵ˡ
ˣҪֻһ书ܸߣҲѰ·
ԶԶԣæͷȥҲǶԵġҪ
˵ȥֵ֣ذʵﻹ𣿡
ҡͷ
أ任ط
ֻҡͷ
ַ°ͣʦ׵ҩʲôɷְȻõô죿УҪȥ
˵㶪֣ԹԵط䵹ȥƿҩ
䣬ľګѵһ˿顣
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ͷŻļ𣿡
֣ţɻᡭ
鿴żӣúЦ㲻ٹִ첲ŲβҪ´
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ס
ȥ˾ɵˣûϴõĶ
ˣĸۡ
˯ĿͷֿСʳַſڵôԼȥϴ
϶ŮŽźġ
ϣû
ЦͷȻǻȥҲźգ
һۣûʣҲˣ
Լչȥҿɲǲˡ
ת˸ͷȸҩ
Ծתȥż
ϵҩɴùʼϵɴ鲱ϵ˿ڲֻǲһƤɵһ鲱Ӳãȥ
ǰļѾʼ裬СذҩͿãȻתȥ鱳˵ǻϡ
еۡ
һ
ҩɴϣ͵ؿȥ
ǰξ飬ѾԤڣֻ΢΢һ£۾һ󣬱㳤سһ
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ţȻͣˡ
Ŀôˣ
˼Ļش𣺡һⰡ
ţ
һպܸߵù˵㡣׼Ȼǲ𣿡ͷ顣
л˵
ڶĵ6ɣ𴲾ܿd(^_^o)ϡ


128 Ԥı 
㼵Ȣޣ
û׼˼϶ǲͬ, ׼нԶõ϶ǲһġ
֣ʵĲ˼ʣľ, ĹĿǲ𣿡
ĬƬʵΪ⣿
صǰ, ǲ, õƺһģλöࡣҾ, 㣬᲻Ǹõࣿ
ǰмĹ̡
ҲҹǰڵҹǧĽֵһ·񱼣ɹĺԤס
ȻʸƿյûԤϵڽֵԵ¥ϻ, ʶض˶ӱܿλ, , Χ󻤳Ǿӿ
Ϊֱûͣ£ǷһǧȥӦս, ԼʣµǧƵ˱·ֱȡǡ
Ǹ֣Ҳû
ڼ⣬ľ˵, ɱҵǸ, ڷϵǸˣ
ͷ㹥ļƻһ𶨵ġĴ򿪳ţڳûжս, ôļֻڳܵġ, 󶼳ǵʱơҹֵ޷ͬɱ롣ҹɫڸĹ켣, ֵҵΣɱ˲˳ѡмǳ࣬Ҿ룬»᲻ʵһ¡
۾ôԶľ룬ļӦǴͬġǰļͷûҵ壬ı£һ˿ϵǸġ
תζ˵£˼ˡ
üҹܵʱ򣬹ûдߡǿȥҽֻ˵ҵʲô˿
üǲżͷǲǶϣ
ȻӦǣԱȼͷҲ֪ǲͬһΪôҲ뵽ֻͷ
ꡪбۿһ´⡣
ס졣
ף컻ҩɡ
ͷǰ˿ҲҩȻ⺰ǽźɡ
һŮͷźϴ
ֿŮźм˼ֱһס
ǲᣬ֪鴩·ʱ򣬰̶ס˵ı۰·һ㶼û˿ڣҲûʹ
ٿǱеˣŮûźŮӣŮӵĴЩ衣
鶼ѾһˣǱ߲Ūá
ڴЦţ帮ȷʵûŮ졣
˸պö룬ʹ򶫵£ʻȥԣ͹
صȥ
򶫵ȥػ
վ顣ϴŵֿ·߲࣬Ҳ࣬촩Է·Ҳûʲô
ֻֿ·ǻεɫõ·ͨɫýɫɫ˲ƣȥò
źµŮ̲ס࿴ۡ
ǲ˵
ޣô»ǹؾصɫɫɫ·ء
ʱ˿ֿ̻Ѥʵ·һ˵ḡġ
ôˣ
Ѿſڣڷ
عæͷ첽߹ûʲôǾ㴩·֡
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ĵǲÿֱ̫ÿ˺
ܳԼɫ\\ˣοղź·Ů۾ֱˣæҡͷÿ
Բԣûвֻü޷ͽŴһ졣
ȥֿǰʼš
뼾Цλҹ˯ÿɺð
صá
ֿüһЦЦŶ¿ЩŰɡ
ֿ΢΢ǷŸСˣһࡣ
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ֿ΢Уֱ꣬ùֽ˲죬һˮڣȻŶ뼾
ƺûֿӵĿ⣬سԷ
Щֿܾһֱڿ飬̧ͷȥֿ
һֱģֿΪʲôǶǿˮò
ܲ⣿ֿȻˡ
һ£еķ׷ֿ
ܣ
̧ۣķ
˻ʹˮʲôֿ
ʳԣ޲ɡ鷭ֿһۡ
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ͷҲ̧ǰͷ߲ȥǽϣڵϣһȦ
еص㲻㻹˷ѣ
ֱֿ飬Ҫʣ壬ҪȢ˵һرһỶϲص⡣ֺαҵˣ
ޣֿͲˣӦðڽϣǳɸףôһ仰ͱˣҪɣ
治ɫշµӣһףݵߣԣǻظȥ
Ȼһ¾ͺˣһֿܻģ飬˵忴ء
üֿһۣôˣʾԼȢһȥʲôã
ֿͱѪסǻӿһݺݵصһۣԼγ۲Ϊ
ֿ棬Ц
鿴ֿ³һ
ֿܽ˵ӹϵʵ£
һһ竵ӣ˼ݵúܡǶ˵һǶһ䣬ܲ˵á
صͷ°ʣµķꡣ
ִֿӻﾾһɽ裬Ȼɽӣ̼ͰɽһƬһƬظ֫ˡ
ûӽһѽһһһ޵ϾȫȻְѽͻ˽Ľʡ
ɿѦӴһߵ·ԶԶȥ
üŽǰѽ˼
ѦӿֻֿԵͷʾ⣬һȭһף˸񡣶Ѧˡ
ѦӰǰ԰ӵǰˣ극ȥա
Ѧӣʦ塭ңһкöء


129  
ҹæŲȥ˰ɣ
ѦӰ£, ЦǳȸʦְѦͳҽڻͨҰաѦҶԣʼնǸࡣʴӱ, 츳ߣôõ, Ҫ˷ǡ
, ĥѦӣʦ塭
һ߲ɫش䣺ʦʦӦˡ
ȻӦ԰ѦҲû˵, ֻǽѻ˵Ҫ°ʦ
Ѧ֣ʦ˰ɣʦСúܣ֪ͽܣָҪôءʦ书Ҳᡣҿɴ򲻹¡
ʦ, һԼȳ׷ҪȥѦ
ѦӹЦ, Ҳ֣СѾͷ, ˼úܡãȻѧЩ츳, ʮ֮ҡұغޱذұѧ㣡
Сָһ𣬶Լ
ѦԺһ˷ܵұģ֣ʦӦöβˣ
, ˼ǡ
, ʲôĲɣһѰס
ţֻͷ, 䣺ɱ˵Ǹ
ô֪ɴ۾
ֶ˶䣺ղý, һĽ
һ벻ôӵ, ֻ£ҪȻ߼϶֪Ϊʲô
ֵͷ˿첽ȥ
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ţ뼾ǰŲŽ˰ţͩˡ
ͩɫҴң飬һסһŭˣΪʲôôصˣߵ˶ûֽϵ춯𣿡
ͩ񣺡¡
ͩͷ
Цֳû¡ѦҽƵġѦҽ㻹Ų
ͩһѦӸģҲûôˡ
֪Ҫ˵ʲôо£ô˵Ǵ
ֳôȥϳ鿴˿죬ڻû³ɣ
ͩˡȥˣһҸʹһ
ֳţһּЦţȥɡֳЩ֮ڷ׿Ȼⷽ϶ᳵ·ˣ¾ȥҲȥˡ
ͩЦбݺҹһʹҡҡͷȥЩ¡
鵹Цˣַסͩļ磺ǵ۹ӣӦˡ
ͩš
ǺƵϣȴȫֲͬı顣
ͩ΢ϵˣһߡ
ͷЦη塣
վһԵļǣ֪ΪΣкȻһֱӡǿȥôϸϸȥȴʲôͬ
һӣ·Ԣһ㣬ֵֻ֮䣬Χһж⡣
̫ӵµ
ͩתſڵķ򣬿Ǽݣͣ档
鿴˼һۣؿһۣǵһͷȻҡͷ
ܡ檹ӭ̫ӵ¡Ժһݡ
һ۱㿴ͩһ
¶мЦ߹м䣬ͩߺһ
Цĵֵܲܣ鵱Ǻðˣĵܼ̱ˡǸôãôҹɱĵܽϲ
ߵͩǰѹʵҹæŲȥ˰ɣ
ͩһ̧󣬻̫ӵԡ
ԵģԲҪ˵̡ת飬֪𣿴ʱ˿̣ҵǺʱĵܰȻĵܲһɱϷǵ֣Ҳԩĵطûˣ
󣺡кιɣ
ЦҵĿģ˵׶̽ɣܳ塪ɱİϷЩ˲٣ҵô׵ɱ֣Ҳлˡ
ͩü˫£
˶˵ЦһֵԪ
̣ӣǰâ˵ϡ
¹ҡЩâܣܻܰǸ̿ץסĻ˭˰ɣ
еâؿڣţúñԼֻߡȻǾڳһϸ¡
סâ˵ʲôȴһӣת
վһߣа£治ġģ㲻âڷڱ˵¡
ô
飬ǰɫĽӡ
ͩ̾һЪţ㡣
Цá
ֵͩĸǱ뵽ʲôԷҪҰæģܸҡ
áͷ
Լúˣˡ̨ͩ׵ʱ򣬻չ˺
ƺû뵽ͩ飬ʶصͷǡ
ͩ뿪ת飬Ȼһֱ
һң㿴ʲô
ڼ밲֮ǰֳƶ˵
۾صһʱڴ¿һ𡣡
ֳ˵й䣬ȥģΪʲôȥ
Ѿʪˣ죬ŵΪԼ¡
ƽһʲô£
һûбҪ¾ϸظ㱨ɣ
ʲô£Ҫֳң鲻ģܾԼͬһ¡
ָоܲˬ
Ѿҩˣæ˻⣺ҩˣ
۾
϶ŵҩ˹ҩȥ˯ɡ˯˿ںõÿ죡
鲻ӣֻżִصż𰸡
Ǽȴһĵӣ׼ش
ʼնΪѰǸɫˣԼ顣
ŭùҩһں꣬п඼ˣֱӰ뻹˼תˡ
㶵ؿȥôо
һüֵСֹɣȻûࣿûŶҩʧȥζ
˯ȥ˸ڵ
ҹټĴϣʩ롣
黹е֪֮ģԼȥˡסһֱǵ㣡һ߰һ߷ɧÿȻҪĵ±֡ôɲͶ𡣰⼸۸û
ع񣬡ʲô۸
һۣǶ㶯ֶţ
⼸ϣ˯鱧˯ģﶼůůġһߣֱߵı춼˼֡
»鶴֮ҹ͵ʳһ͵õǸǣ顣
ˣƽ٣Ϊʲô뿪飬ôأ


130 ¶ 
ԲҲܶ
˳, ĻҶֶŰͷűӣ޵ʧ䡣
俴һĵ, ֻƲ죺û۸㣬Լȥ˯, Ϊʲôһˣ
һ, ״Σ˭˭˵Ҳˣ
Ѽϵ붼ûطһۣд˰
߽
Цеʣ㲻ϲ˰ɣ
, ʶҪôҲ˵񶨵Ļ
ϲˣ
ôܣ
Ǳôһ˵ﻹЩСˡ
еϲ飿
Ϊ⣬̬䵭ͬ, ᲻ˣ
俴һ仰, üԼļ¶
Ȼͣ˰, Ȼֺ޹ɵҶ
ô᣿
ȿȡ
һ죬ʲôһ, Ҫȳ
ô᣿
Ϊʲôϲ飿
죬üƴؿڵϢ
ԽƣԽǿȵ
ûԵɵͿ, һ, æסü졣
Ȼ, ûʲôĵط
ſڴ, Ϳ, Щѣ۾￨ȫᡣ
ûмæ˳ôˣܣ
ڰ֣ȴֹסȡ
顱һžͱƿˣ˼ſڴͿȣôˣ
̧ۿ飬ںͷ˲ࡣ
ҡͷڴڵش۽ǵᡣ
ΪʲôȻȵôڸ԰Ӷˡ
ȥĶͷȴܿû¡
û£ɨһߵ룬ûʲô
Ŀش
˵Ҹոʦѧһ룬뷨𣿡
ɵؿ䣬תͷû£
˿һ㣺û¡Ҫ˯ˡ
֣ܿбʲôһ£Ȼһۡ
鲻Ϊʲôֳ˵ǡչ˺֮;üˡ
ֱ֮ͩʲô£ǲԼͬѡ˶
ż໰ߣͷһ˵ӣͨͷ
ʼֳ֮䵽ʲôϵ
ǻˣֲʳ
Ӳվû±á˾뿪ˡ
ıӰòջĿ⡣
Ȼһ£ˣҹˡ
ʼûзӦʲô˼
ҹ˵ߵɱˡ
ü
˵ͷȻָ˵Ļתһ
ʵֻ˵ʲôˣ
ͷ˵ǸˣпǸŮӡ
ô˵䡣
صΪǸԺ󣬱ʬǸˣŲȻأǴӱܵٶʬӦòءпһŮӡ
΢Уű죬ţŮӡŮӡ
Ȼŵʱֿһζؿʱ￩һ¡
ֿ̧ͷ䣬пܲµҵݣ
۾ôܣ
ûٶ˵ʲôЩͷﲻϵطڡ
԰ֿƾʲôܲ³ݣ
һ˳˼Ȼ̧ͷ⣬ϳһϾŶ
ЩҪ顣ͷҲصܡ
亰һּɵһ˵ϲһ᲻׷ȥ
顱һˣһ
̧ͷȥûܳȥԶܻˡ
еͷˣ
һ£ĸоȫš
ȻϳһԲĹĵСɰ
֪ܿףӹСɰ˳ȥ
*
£ܵԺſڣͿҶ˼ķ˳
Ҷ˼ͷͿ·վԺſڣ΢Ц
߹ȥһ񣺡檸밲֪ôˣôûЪ¡
һס˺ϵ·òҲûϢ𣿡
Ҷ˼סЦѽⲻЩ¡ҪȥϢˣøˡ
ĿҶ˼߹ֿ鷿仹ûϨĵƣһĪŭ
Լ˵ԭ򡪡
һ檹ź򣬿ûʸ鷢Ƣ
Ӽ밲ʼһֱֳһκ鶼޹صӡ
ԣֻ뱣ָսѵĹϵ
˽⣬ôˡȻҲô
ҶлԻʱ鷿ʤߵ̬ơ
ô˵ҶлȻϲ׻ûܾ

վԺſá
ϵ·۾ؽƳɡ
ͼúԼĵĲá
Ļڶߡ㲻ϲ˰ɣ
üԾض£ԼȣһһرԼһҹ顣
ЩڻӡĸסĸסĸһƳ𺣵ӡһһԺ
Щ׷ǶˣƬΪһ塣
֮ء
ǶڵΪǳԩ
δδɣʲôʸҸ
顭
һӵŮ˵ˣԺȨ㳯Ұɵй
ǿи
ĸĸףһ
СĿȾľ겻İ顣
ΪһĻ
ҪһǱһһһ˫ˡ
һһһ˫ˣҪҲ㣬Թհˡ
ʲô
Ļͷ¡
̧ͷҲ£վǰ
Ǻÿ¹Ӱ֮£һҲ¹ƥĹ⻪
ĺÿ˷ʱɲżˡ
Ȳˣ˭ȴθɣ
Ŭزȥ뷽Ǽ䷿ﵽ׷ʲô˼վҪ˵
ȻңΪβȥʲô顣
ֻһ⡭ͷ鿴ʧصı顣
鿴Ҳûתߣ½ű΢
˵
һƮ˹
۾һ
οԼ£Ժᾭܲÿȥɣ
ǻ壬ǼлλҪ̳Уӣ˭֪ܲ󡣼ȻԼܸԲҲܶǼɣ
ԭظԼʱһ⸰ı顣
л˵
СBBҾǲԾ
⻹(>n<)
Ϊʲô΢Ǹһ㣬ʾ͸ƽˮƽ
_(:_)_ǰǰ췢Ĺôұ(T . T)55555


131 ҹ̸ 
飬Ҫ׷ҵˡ
ûи, ͷʲô
סԼ£ԭתȦӣǿɰˡ
˵ĳǸ, Щ죬һദ, ¶ŮӦеĴģ֡
ָо, ·ǶѩȻ̹, ȴġ
ѩϢڻˮƬɺԵء
ʱ˿̣ƬѾ˴︴յϢ
Өľ, ԴΡ
Ҫôأ
һ治ȵ, Ϣ, 
ô
ĺƷȥҹӼһССʱ, ֪˭
ô겼ôһ壬˵ײΪ˳һƬԩꡣ
ȻףԼݡûаޡ
Ǹµ, , ǶҪ顣
ֺαΪЩС£ò죿
Ȳ, ʲôʸҪ㱨
̾һ, ֻعȥ, ߼ס֣ҹ΢˵
鷿
սӣͿϷһС
ѷóϣҶлġҲϲʳҲ˷ѣ˰ɡ
ЩǡԼģģ
̧ʲô
ػ
鵱¾˼ΪҰΪ˷вң
ҡͷ
ü˺ɫ֮ˣ
ҡͷͷҡø˹һ
֪֮ǰ淢Ϊʲôˡ
֪վſڲΪвҶᣬʱ˲١
֮ǰĲãʵʲô
ز⣺Ŷԣ㣬ûһ壿
壿
֪ʵĿ϶һ壬룬뵽ͩϵǸɫ塣
Ȼˣʵ׷ֳΪǿ壿
ͷ
Ľ᳹׽⿪ص۹ÿһλ˼֮ĻӶһֳɫ塣ǿ˾䷿졣Ϊɫԭ򣬴ѡĿʼͼϹ򣬲һĥõġҲҵ廹ڴĥС
Ŷ
õȷеĴ𰸣˼
ô˵ǰӻȳˣ϶ˣ
ֿӦҲܣΪͬꡣҲʮͣûм֮ôǿ壿
֡
ֿûȹǴ￴³ݵģ
˼⡣
ô룬ˣͩˣ
ҲԡͩǰҲûй
ǿɫֻѾ˹̫ӣ
̫Ӿ
ôܣҪѾŸϾɱôܾ
ȻǾˣǱͼıΪʲôְڲʬأ
ʱʵΪʲôҪǿ壿
æҡͷӻͳĺɰͷˣ°ɡ
ɵؿһۣʵڲ˵Ҳǿӹɰ򿪣Ѻɰͷ˳
ˡͷϡ
֣յƹ
򶫼յƣӱߡ
ϵͷǴ״Сϣһģһ
ɱˣͬһˡ
ûɱϵһ𣬵ڿϵͷ뼾̲ס˳˼
һƬžֻ΢紩ãЩ
ȿڣǵĴΣաһĵڰŰ
鲻ÿɷ
뾡˭ģȻľƶǺܲ
΢УĬ
գ˵Ƕʲô飬ǰ֪˭֪²̫ģ
鳤һûƾʵ֮ǰҲϲԴ⡣
£Ҫ𣿡ʡ
ѾȥˣǴ̿ͼȻΪɱҶ³֮ǰǲġֻҪлᣬǻɱҡҵƻָһְסǡڵľӦ÷ڴǻԡ
һ˵л˵ˣջعô̫ʦ˵ǻԵ飿ִǻԣ̫Ϊ٣ֻҪõ֧֣ͿԲɫİ˰Ҫλϡ
ףʵ˵ҲԸ̫ʦ˵ǵ飬˵ɵΪˡǸλмʱˣ˵ʲôõ飿
˼Ƭ̣ЩΪΪ˶Բȴѵõֱһ㲻˭Աĵ䡣
ԣҾȥҹ̫ʦӴɣƷΪˡ
ейǣЩü
ȴİɣ˵֮ǰЩԸÿơôὫն¼֮Ӧ˲١ǰ;ȣӦиںĶȻգҲӲ
ͷԸ˰ա
ʵҾΣûȥһ¡
ô˵鿴
ֱӣΪ͢ЧȻ͸һƷвšȻȥ޷ƿϾôǻѡһΪãҲƺһַ
ü˵ô˵»Ŵ֮¸ҰһЩˡ
ӣӦԽ顣
˵㲻ԾشһǷ
վҹˣȥϢʲô£˵Ҳһġ
۾ͷվߡ
ϣָһ·ҰᵽϢ
ͷû˵
УѾòˣ翪ʼұҪȥ١ĸҪ𴲣Ϣżߡ
һʾ֪ˡ
ĿżЩ£żˡͬһսϣϣܰҵѣһЩΡ
顭
վסˣת飺Ҫ׷ҵˡܸʱȻͻߡ
ü
Ҳ̽ˡͷЩ΢΢Ҿ̽
żá
η塢ССȴֱǰļʶǸ
ϣֺ£
ҪôȥȡĿˡ
ߵĿΪأ
ףڼûеõ֤ʵ֮ǰӦһΣյߡĵһ˿ϣϣļ֣ܵõĻӦ
ҹס첲
һֱܵķӦ͸߲һֿ־ŭֲļġ
һˣþվǲҲҪһЩʱӦأ
кȻӡ˵ǳȥס·øˣߵá


132 ϲ 
򡰹⣬ǼȢǼĹΪ
峿, ̫ͩһ˼١
֮ϣۺúõذѳ͸һ١͵ʾԼһ߾ȫ׷ɱֵӰҪ͢ȫϡ
˿, 볯͢뾩׸һȫϳ͵׷鹤
ǰһʹӦλȥ, ʹ鼴̡
λ, ˼õȥ磿
¶ݵİ֮, һ
ʵҲûиõѡ
̫Ӳ볯űɱ޷ԶСڵ۶ԴˣֻںԺα޵ͩ
⻰һȻжݵ۵Ҳûһ˵
ۿͣϣΪͩ游¡
ǽȫȻһ˰, ۾, ֮֮ģ
վһԵĹ̫ʦǵͷ, ԼĽż⣬֪Щʲô
۾, ûڳû飬¾ôˣ
֮󿴿ҿû˷ԣһ뱧˰, Ƿصŵ
䶨, ֮ڡ
ڳȷʵҲҲ˭Գλá
ɢ֮ǰĿ⿴򹤲, 鷿
΢΢һ, һԻؿ˿վߵı졣Ҳһ, ΪʲôڰɱڹϣҪҵǹ飬
׽һ·ûĥ׶ʲô¡
ȥ鷿·ϵʱֱġ
鷿˸һ״ȻԶЩһʵ֪ʲôûװ
һԻ󣬱Цˣģϲ¡
ϲ£ʣɻˡ
ףҲٶ˵ȥգбµȾˡ
һµ״̬鷿˶ۡ
ݼ¡лһֱĥʲôϲ¡
ѲɣҪˣ
ܰɣ
һƷλƷ¡ˣλȻȱһ߶մˣк̨λã
ԴӹһƷλþһֱ
²̫ӵλͶ̫ӣʵȻ뻧š̫õʮ̲꣬ʢݲʮͷ˱ƸΣְʱ̡̫
ʱҲ᲻λá
쵹Ѿʮ˭֪ڱǸֵɽҵ˽ӾͲˡȥˡ
ҲڹǸҲġ
Ѳɡ涯˼
һһ֮˼ת÷ɿ죬̧ۣȴһȻģҲҼ롣
ۿڣ¼ǵãһ͵һ
æش𣺡ǣǳŮҵ׾ʣһ֡
ҡʮߡùΣۿΡ
ˣûӦԼŮʲôϵ
ۼ㶣Ц⣬ǼȢǼĹΪ
ݵʧ֮ųףаٸнһʱ䲻֪ôشֻŶۡ
ô᲻ǼĹЦʡ
ͷһ񣺡ɱ¿ϡ
Ű빣ǼĹ黭ﶼġǼɾϲЩ绨ѩ¡һ𣬱ض֮ϡΪΣ
۶ˣʲô˵ģ
ֻܸףлʢ
¹Ԥţɴ飡ϲͩѡŻ¡
Ϊ˳ȣ˵нش󹤳̣ˮࡣȴһѵõġзִˡ
ڿң뵳ȥؼ๤¡
ͩӹѵƢ
һ𣬷ʲô
ڵңٻ£ҽ̼ϡΪ٣ȴûгһӵܣһӦеȡ
۱ҲʮһκûǿӲȥҲȡͩΪ׶Ϊѣʹͬˡ
վͩģǻǽͣҡ
һϣӵһԼڳ͢վ׼ҡ
ͩĹһһ֮λĽˡҲһƽ̫ӵĵ㡣
࣬Ѿ̫ӹ˼У̫ܣ⧲ȻȴҲǵڶ
ͩĴڣһƬµƣڵЩĹâ
͢˭ǿƣҲΪκһĵ̨þƱòܿơ
⣬ǶµĲԡ
ϾǾ֮Ҫģ׻ǸϵȨ
һȨ㳯ҰڿʼҪԼ
ϣļ̳ˣҲλʱ򳬹
һ˽ƺ֮
*
ĹҪΪϢյ񲿣Ͳֶߡ
ڶźͩȢҵס
²̫ģǿ˵һ¡ղʿλ˫£¶һѡ񣬹âͲȫڰͷϡҲȫŰʤ㻹Ǻܸߵġ
һ񲿣ֻһ̲ʷ̨մãͩʣڹ̫ʦʤ㣿ҵǿʲôʤˡ
͸䣬
ףĬƬ̣󣺡̫ʦеȨ𣿡
֣¾ͻ᷽ࡣ
⣬֣ǰ־ͻ㡣
ʵ˲ԣ
̾һվûУ޴֡Ǹ˴ʦǸϺ꣬ɼ£Ҳʲôѱġ
Ϊ˳ȣǾй̫ʦҪȷʵѡڷ£˼Ƭ̣Ȼ뵽һˣ֪£Ƿ񻹼ǵǸӱʷ
һҼǵãΪ飬¡νֱŵʷ̨ʷһƷĴʷһƷʷ˵˶ǷޣɵǽƷ²ŷȴǾζԡһģʷ̨ﲻùɣ
΢ǵãɵϼңڱݡ˴֪Щʲô
ôһ˵ÿС
ʷǸˣȥ̽̽ɡǸģǿԳΪǵĽ¶һ˿թЦ⣬ʷ̨ӲùضҲҪһͷء
񣺡ǡ
ЩʱնΪ鱻ɱæǰæ
֮Ϸ֮λᣬγͣԼ
֮£ҲҪͷ޽õĵĴ
ʹųʹ֮ǰ󼸺նղʿѾòѩˡ
ʹѾеĹԱѾˣЩʱյɢһЩﻹǹ˼̫ʦڶﶫع䵽˹ѩ޵
޵֦ڰѩ޵µ¼
֦£ݼ̫ӵ¡


133  
򹷶ʱûѧ𣿡
֦һ, ʵ̫ʲô
֦ػ̫С
ʱһɫδʱչ
ʱ䣬ѩ֡, ڿһЩʱ䡣
ôʱ˯
ʣǲ𣿡
֦С̧ͷһۣü, æҡͷ, ̫ûвǰЩʱ̫æ, ۵˵Եʡ
֪ѩԽĮˣֻǵĲҲδ֪
ԹѩҲûˣȻֺαϸϵȥҲڣ˦˦ӣҲû, ת뿪ˡ
*
Щʱ, ַǷ
̽ﲻ
̫ͩ, ǰοʣȻǳ͢⿿ұҶ˼ڵҶ, ڵĳңڶ۵ʾá
Ƽҵļźǰο顣
ȻˣȴԼزۣҪϢΪ, û˵仰Ͱˡ
ԺλȥͲҩ
ˮһ󲹵ҩÿͲϵȥ, ɫûбãҹߵλɫ, ӿȥҲ׳ʵ˲١
У޺Ժ, üɡ
ĸ, ȥУУʱʱǳĺӡ
٣ȥ뼾һţ˳㻻ҩҩ
һ˵һ˵ʱһۡöûйôɢʱ⣬е̰ѵõС
̸ֻ۵ʱһһĿ޺
ԻʰˡеۡƤ̧
ͷԼǰˣġ
һҳ˵⼸ǸгһˮĲҩͽȥԻǱȴ޶ԡǲȥڣûʱȥڡѾʼŻˡ
ţ򶫣ûżӵĴζ
һ񣬵ЩҩӶ͸ˡһڶûȡЩȥʱӶܿˣûӾͻȥˡ
òױһ仰㻰ˣ
һ񣺡ûʣش𡣡
Ȼֻعȥվڷǰվڡ
۾һֱ顣
鵹һ߰Ȼø·Լûн̹Щһ㡣
ûУֻղŵĻ⣬˵Իʰ˵ͦǸ˰ֻǣʰʰɣαֳô󶯾
Ѿϵ˿ڣȻģˣٱԹա
̧ͷֲֵ˿ڴĦæִۣ
ü
ڳ⣬һɫ͸ĵطɫһѿúܡվ߹ȥٲˣһѪˣָѪˣ
ҩҲùûһۺġǰ治ˣҪȥӺ档
ݺݵشһ£ҩյĹͰǰ˿˸߰˰ˣ㻹ˣٿҾҩˣ
ʵˣذ·á

ڶǵĲҽдӸտʼûϹ
ĺܺԻڸʲô飺ȥ
ڰ֣ȥաⶼˣһӦҪһ㱨ЩʱղĽˡ
ͷȥˡ
ָ㣬е񹷼ǽϡ
ӦһѰȥˡ
ǴԻݵԺﴫġ
ƹɫΧǽߵſڣͿԻԺˡ
Щ˵ţӦԺɨϴ򡢿ŵ͡
ԻݰһŰɳΣůſڣ̫һȣ汻ڰϴֱеһӡ
裬ٲУȽҪˡԻݿα鵭Ȼ
Ǹϰ裬ԩﰥūԩģ
ԩ
Իݴŭū֪ô߳󲼴ǰ
һһ˦üһЩӡ
Щ跿ѳӡŹӡĽӣҪôͣԻŭĿǸѾʣ°衣
費֪ôֻͣǼԩ
ҲȥʹվſڿϷ
Ի̨ϻⲽ費ҲûϵһһȥȴͬѾͷǣȻⷿ£Ŵŷ£һ˻ЩǴġ
˰ԻһȣиǰһĹ򣡡
һ£Ƿ׷׿ͷ޺ǵǣǵ°
ԻôǣۿЩһһڵϣ˹ӡ
ں濴ŵûɢ
ȥ˿ס򣬿ʼſڣУУ
Ի̧֣ʾͣ
ԻǰָЩʱǶķ￴ӵС졣Ϊ£˾׸ȻͱĳݡǽղűˡƷвˣȻϢʱ俪˶ľ֡
ģǸڵϵӣſھ
죡Իһᡣ
ǰȥžһϡ
Ի۾ʱûѧ㻰ܻػû㻰ͱ죡˭ٸҶ죬һȱУ
ͷٺ
˵ԻüŹ̨µˡ
˼ǰЩʱչµиľȥߥ޵Ķľ档һʼһǸӡԽԽ󡭡ٺЩķͶ˼
Իˣɨһ۹ЩɪɪˣЩĶⷿĶҲ͵ʹҲˣȥѰˡ֪ǾȻڰԾƶĲˮ㣬úò
˵˭У
Իһȣ˶׷˳ԻģҲˡҲˣһΰɣ
ԻҲֱҴһ˶ʮ塣۶˶٣Ųˡ
ȷʵԻݼı
Ժ⸮վʮ
ڵϵҲʮЩ˿أţȴôҲѡ
ԴԻݿʼٸϵķͣԺնѪģϷ롣
ͷģֱȱС
ѧģһ˶ʮ塣ҶģֻöֱֻӶ
µȫ˳ȥ
ٵǶĲ͵ԣٵĵֵǰٵǸԺӵĲ
ÿ춼˱ȱСÿ춼о˱ϳÿ춼˽밲µ\\ϸڡ
֮ϣص𷣣淶С
ԻȻûѧȴ֮
վԺſڿһᣬϢ뿪ˡ


134 尾 
½˼·ǶԵģûԵط
Ի⼸տʼٸ, ÿ춼ᷢһƢÿ춼Լ̣ٵļ
һٹȥ, ַ˶ʮū͡
Իݻص޵ʱ򣬾ƣ, ڸ
ظԻݶһյ, Իһں꣬æԻϡ
Իݿǰˡ
, һԻż磬һҿǹˮǳĵģ
Իݺһۣ壬ԣ
վȥһ£ķůȶΣβ˳ԺֻĪҪ˵ˣ
, ʾ
Ի֣, ǻҪл
ɴ۾ΪΣ
ԻЦˣǿɻǵ⼸, ͷҵĶЩˣ
һᵽǹˮ֮ǰЩ˵ˣ
ԻݵͷΪЩˣ⼸ղô˳
ü⡣
ºһЦ, ͵壬үϵˣûһͷЩƷбͲ˷, βԭα¶ǲ, ʲôܹЩ˸ϳ
ЩˣЩ˾һͷ㣬ԼƷԲ˵Ȼȥ
ԻݵͷЩͷ, ɶǰѡġһʼѡЩ˵ʱ, Լֻ, ģ˳ƵԺٷȻۣǰڵ̵棬ˡҲǸˣһЩõ°ѡ⹦˵ףֻи๦ˡ㲻¡
ԻôͣȻô˵ǸˮȥǸݰʵһֶεˣ
ԻԿһۣЦǼ峤ˣѧᴧˡ
Իݵ٩ӣġūͶһЩܻѧģ
ԻЦⲻڽĸģҶԣڰΨһ׽ˡһģڰǵҲùǱĴί
Ի֣ǰҪЩ壬С٣Ī˵񷽲ǰ԰󲻾ĻˡϿô򵥡ǲ뱻жĥɱ¿ͱ봦˳ӡ˶ǵľԣǲһеĻᡣ
ͷ
Իݶ裬һڣЩںԺˣһ㶼ǰɡĸүĹ͵ʴףʧȨơ󹬴Ȩڻϣĸ̫ӵ¹úֲ࣬ûĸ̫ҹ˼࣬һûȫð֮ǰӵ붼ˡֻԼߵˣҪɼȻ˺ŷң
ͷҲôçײˡ
忿ӣôɥȻ˾һҪᶨƵȥǻġ
ԻݵͷѰʱ̡ϵЩƷıȥˣһЩ˼ǴľͲץˡЩҪ£ǱǴ¡Ҫǡ
*
ʱ黹ûߣտۡ
ˣΣ
صԻݲǸԻʺߣĿȾô꣬ǸֶκġҸ˰˵⼸ձȥ˾мʮˡֵѳĽ󲻼
Ц
ЩǵʵðȥĹܼǲеСð
һۣľƣһ㶼սľƼ򵥣óѵҪ
վſڵһۡ
ŮӽӴǣһ죬ͷ
Ȼĳһ뷨һЦȻøỹδŮӣӱĸϴϣȢ֮Ҳ㣬ġ
üͷ
ȫûȢ飬ŵҡͷ
Ĳ룿
ͷҡøˡ
ǲˣЩʹĸǿԿǿǡͷ˼һ׼һýˡ
£һ裬ʣѽˣ
üۡԼ˵
򶫻ɤӣĻҡǣְʮ
ȭصְʮš
ĸ꼶ģɴ۾
̧һƤΪԸȥξĶЩʲôˣģƵҲȥξֵѪ¡Щ˼ҵĺӣֵܽöָ࣬ǵûؼҶء
Ȼڱѵǰǧ
ʣµǧˣʵ
أЩϾԨȥѾｻϾΪĸҾʹ˻ڹš
֮ǰǸ̨ݴʷ㣬˵Щ˷áΪʲôЩ˷ãǺ棬ʣûʳڣš
ۡĲ֪͵Щ˶ڱ߾յƶũ񡣵رռˣ߼ұˣ޼ҿɹ顣ЩǩܶĲսϣҲһ㣬֪֣ҲҪҰȫ뿪
һᵽȥɽǳսоͰûڲѣ֪ЩǩǾͱ޷˵ȥ˵ʲôһ֡
鿴ɫ𽥱ò԰ף֪ΪǴǧڻĮ
̾һվ߹ȥļ򣺡սϵ£ûܻ㾡ҲСǵ㣬Ǽȸˡ㲻Ϊȥ¶𣬾ΣҲҵġΪս
ͷؿֱſϡ
ѹˣߣǵʬѾȥ˻͵ǼˡҸǼһʸο㹻ǿʼµˡ
̧ͷ۾΢졣
Ҳ־Ҫ·֮أͣսңϥǻġ
۾һ
£½ˡվ
ͷżһȥɣںš
ͷȥ鷿
ںȥǰڵˣ
֣ЩͲˣԼĪҲˣ̿Ͳôˣ
̾һͷɱؿˡͷ빭û죬ȷʵǱߡǱѾ˳¼ˣǰʱ䱱ѩ֣ӿЩ̿ͣǳʱǵġԳǱûг¼ţ书ǲĸӪˡȥ˱βӣûзĸɡƽ⼸մѾѳڴС¥ջ¥ס˵ĵطַһ飬һѾûˣʵ£Ӧô顣
Цʾ԰꣺½˼·ǶԵģûԵط


135 ɱ 
˭뵱أ
ɻ󣺡ΪӦô𣿡
ػصӦôؾĹԱ顣̿, ҪǮ߾࣬ǽҲԣЩô̿͡ʿ̿͵, ֻǸһˡɱңͼľȨ, ָʹ߱ضǳֶƵˡ
仰˶ǧƥǧ˵óľ顣
ǰ, ֿ治֮İ졣
ǧƥÿյǮ, ٵĹǮƥϲѵǮ
Ȼе˱ᣬܵѵͱȱ˼ࡣÿһ·׶Ҫ෢üףԵñҲЩ
ЩԼӣ֪ԼȻ
ʵ׽, ڱĮϵǧỨ븧ο
Ǯľ֮ǰ, ص, ȻҪȥ˽Ǯˡ
˵ַѣԹԱ, ϣȥĹԱεĲӣɡһסˡ
½£Ų飬ǿ϶סġͷⲽ΢΢һЦ, Ŀ, ססĺôֻҪ½ȥ飬⼸ճȻ춯
Ȼ˵ʲô˼, ǼȻָ·, Ӧȥԡ
ͱȭȥ顣˵ճͱһƵˡ
͡
ת, ˫£Ŀͳ뿪
Ӻ鲢վ鲻ġ
һȻ鲻
ΪʲôҪȥĲӣü
üô²ҵͼΪΣ
ŷ鷽˵ĻֻƬ̱Ц𣺡ӦýͶʯ·ɣ
Ѿ֪˼һЦ
á
£Ҫ˵̫࣬뵽
Ǳߵ飬ʲô𣿡ʡ
һ£˵ҵ𣿡
ס
˼Ǽ£ҡҪһѵİæţȻѾˣӦҸݷ
ѣüеŮģ
Ƴһۣûнӻ
۾
֪⻰ⲻټ˵ˣæҶˡȥ÷ɣȻһ̾ˡ
żıӰһ򶫡
򶫴ȭӡ
ֻҪȥ͸šȥһҪһ㱨
Щɣ߲СӣǻҪ𣿡
бһ򶫣˭ӣô໰
Ƿ²ҡ
ȻӦѲ˵ҪҸɼңڲӪںʵ˵ɣǲȢϱְ
ˣ²ң²ңȥš
˵򶫾Ϳ˳鷿
鶢򶫿ãȻﵽߣϣ´
ɻ顣
СӲҲ˳ɼҵ˼ɣ
æͷȥ治ɫĿбӣûС
ǡ
һ
һкݰֱ˻˼
дûӢѹ˹أģΨŮҲ
*
һùţظݡ
˯֮һС˵·
ͷȣһꡣ
ɻضãʵҪʲô
һЦ£
䲻£֣ҲҪͬһȥ
ֵͷ
ȥģִ֣Ӳ˵ѡ
ֻص밲Щ룬Ҳûȥ
ת˼һۣǰո˵Ļ㵱ԷǰɣȲ˼գҪȥ֣ȥ
һֺõģ֣Ҫ飬ܲȥ~ˣȥ~
ѵƽѾˣʲô½ǲУ
һҪȥˡһλˡ
ˣ
ü΢΢ͷĿⲻ֪ںδЦһ˿˿ڴ벻
ûмı顣
ûа취ֻ̾һǿ֪𣿡
Ȼ̧ȻһЦһϵģ֪ˡنˣنͳһС̫ˡɾͲϲˣ
˵˳ȥ죬ȥ
ԭֱţȴûа취
ֵٰС࣬ŵֻеȫͨеӡŷӶǲԵС
֣ܿʹӲų˰
СκܿûǴӽֵ߲۵ĽһԾϣϱߡ
*
ůڣԻʱ䰲˱һ·Сܽݡ
ӣӣڴڵش
忴ˣæһˮȿˮʲôֵܵô
һˮس˼һŰȣӣŷ˵ڰߵǸȥˡ
ԻݷһƤһۣǸֵǵյ㰲ŹȥõġŵӣҹֻҪǸӣŷҪǿšֳȥʲôֵģ
Цصŷ˵һС࣬İСݣ㣬δǸŮӡ
ԻĿе˱ϣ߲ǻһŮһȥкֵģ
ҷȥñǣڼµҩ
ȻԻݷ˱ֲˣ̧壺ڸ
ͷۿģµҩֻһ˼尾˶ãүŸմУѲӻȥˡ
Իݺ˱г˼İСݡֳȥġĪǰ
ͷأҾΪ²ӵġӣ밡үģΪҪС˵ģͼɻأųүģȥΪʲôأ
Ի΢УΪʲôܹҪһЩ˶Ŀ顣
һԸ͵ǵģܰΪʲô˷ضҪ䶯Ĵ¡
ӣȥүɣү֪£Ą̊́ӲҲүġ˵ڼ밲֮ǰڹһͨڣΪ˲޸үҳߣԼү£˺ÿޣ²ǳȥ˽ˣ
Իһԣ
屻Իһǳ⣬졣
۾ת˼ȦӣҾ˵£㲻ģȥҲүδؾͲںʵˣպǰ裬ҷˡ
Իݳ˼ţЩʱֻȥӣȻᵽȥסˣҲΪҪϲ٣磬´ŵϢ
Ҫ˵ԸںԺԹܼң鲻Ųʣɹˮռ飬ԼֻܵһܼţЩô뷨
˽Գ˵󲻴˵СС
Ȼ֪ûпȥŰ裬лһ԰ͣôܾôŹλأ


136 ڻ 
ң
Էɲ, ðʧ
òڰվȽŸʱɲΪһ֮ôˡ
ؿ֮Ի̧壺µû֤, ôðҶлػ赶ɱˡ
׹һ˫񣿡
ԻݵҼҶлүܵڣÿ͵, , үģҲᱻˮˡŮ˵, ɱ˵ĵҲүܹס
ԻݵĻ˵ϢҶл֪ˣȻŹᡣĲڸУȥʲôҶлԵĵô˵棬үĳ£ү, ҲΪүĶ̶ǰڸ, ҶлԵ޹ʵȥҲ, ҲŹΣֻҪҶлʸߵ˼, ŹλᡣοʮͷլԺеƣúúܡ
Իݶһյ裺ˡ
һ˷ܣū֪ôˣͰϢ, ͸¶ҶлԺСѾͷ
ԻݶŲյĲˮҪ̫, ǻɡ
һףū׵ģ
˵ҶлԵԺȥ
ȥҶлԵԺӣ, һ, Ҷ˼źѾͷԺ, ǰȥһߡ
һʵ㣬
Це˵ãҪҶȥɰ첹ҩ
Ĵ䱸ʵʲô
յ֣ãҲҪðæأ
æ´塣
Цүǰ˳ŷǸз㡣Щʱ񣬵˲ˣŷ˿ů˸ۺڡҲЩ˽˵ĶҪǰģ
岻ɫعάյӣһ
ô״ӦǸӰ£ٰ㣿ʱ˭ģ
հף˲Ͼ˲ã⻰˵ÿҪǽˣҴŰ£ҲƤ鷳ѽ
˵ˣְڳһԵӣ˵ҷſţһð׾СˡþҶүǰʶҶ֪࣬С˭İСݣõǲ
⻰ҲǺôһƬʡ
ܽڰǰ̷ģܹˡһ䣬һ֡
ֳǺÿ˰£й̸۵ʱɢϢһģӲѾͷ˵
һǶô˽á
һüĿСˣô붼̫ܡ
һɻôҲ벻ףֿµʱҰСˣúгȥҲǿԵģ
⻰һкȻһͷ
æ֣ôУżȥ²ʲô£˵Ҳǰﲻɵġ
ջǲͬ⣬±żˣͨ죬ͷյնߵǰڼҵʱһչңǼЩѣЩӣɹѹء֪ģȻˣͣǿҲǿԷųȥ˵ġλ硭
岻ټ˵ˣߵԭشתˣæòҲˣѰ
˵գһ壬ܿˡ
֣Ҫץס壬κ̫ܵ죬ץ˸ա
վ֪ҪԭίҲһĹʱӦðƫƫᵽɺߵúܡ
ֻεҡҡͷԼǰߣŷĻֹţȻûүÿգҲúÿСˣҲӦøɣЩҲϲʵٰС˸һҲǲԡ
ţպȻվס˽š
Щһֱлɢȥ
ųŵСˡ
ٰСˡ
ɡ
Ȼ䣬հЩﴮһ𣬵óһϢ
Īǣ
˵ǸİСÿСˣǰ˶ĿҪѲΪ˻ӣ
ŵס죬Ĵ˿ȷΧûˣԼ˵Ļû֮תܻ
ȻһӣҶлԴգһҺҴææн
ڴľ֮壬ҶлԴȥˣŴӹľ˵ճŵӲݣЦϢظȥ
ڣڻҩСûˣ֪ʲôôߵʲô
صӣСӳȥˡ
ˣЩ⣬˵ҪȥѰһˣ뿪˸ۡ򶫸𣿡
ͷǵģ򶫸š
ҲٶʣͷԼļ
䰾ҩϱҪȥתͿҶлԶҺõŮ
߲ˣԾ˵վ
ҶлԽһ񣺡¡
ڿҶлԾͷۣβظͲǲᡣҶлԱǶֵ½ĺҡٷҶлԣҲܲ˶۵ӣʱһֱǱܶ
Ҷл֮ǰÿͲٽʱ򣬽쵹˲٣û㡣
ϵ·˵ֻǵҶлԡ
ҶлԼ鲻ԣЦӯӯءԹԵǰҵҩϣ檸°˲ǲȳһաЩʱյˣ檲ҽȴҲЩ
Щõüû˵վһԵ䵹Цһ
ҶлԿȥʱͺ˰Ȧ
Ͷ䲻²ֵ治м͵ʱؿһаѹס
ǰڳȣֻװί㿴ѽҲΪ˵µ룬ΪˣҲͰˣһԼⲻ֪ˣΪѾͷ澣Ŀأ
Ҫڣһһ˵ҶлԣȰû¶ҽͲɡȻûֵ˸
˵Ҷлͨ졣
ܻӾ;úЦߵǰ˹ҩһ㵹˲ְҶлԵĲһ㵹˽ȥ߽ˣݸҶлԣ˵û¶ҲҰ߻ϵҩˣ
Ҷлɫ䣬££ûУ˺ЩʱˣҲȹˣô¶ҩжҲҩʱ˶
Ҷлָ䣺ң
øϻҩ룬ҩԼҪֹȴѾһȥ治ɫصҶлԣɿˣȫˡڸֵҶлԺҩ֤Լˣ


137  
ҹ£
Ҷл
ôҶлԲҺлϵҩ
ֻ֪Ƣ, û뵽ƢôҩҪźȡ
ҶлԲ֪Ϊʲôôƶ˶, ʤģֱ
һʱûӦ, ҶлԾȻӵؿ¡ûСûС
Ҷл鷳, 鷳ûأͱĹڵֱޡ
һŮ˳ܾͷۡ
ܲµ˵ʲô, ҴʱڡıʰҶлСһ
ȫһֲ´ģȥԺӳһСҰ
ȥƬ̣ʹø
Ѵϣɫӽ͸СҰ㡣
üĵ, Ǳˡ
̧־ͰѲеҩֱӵ˴
Ƭ, ֻСҰ㷭˶, ˡ
ҶлԼ״д, ͷ££ûУûУ
ҶлԶͷ죬ĵӦòٸˣ, ˡ
Ҷл, ̧ۣ飺ûС
ף˵ա
ӵҶл, 찲µҩ, ֬ҶлĲ˲֬ҩǽղŻġ, ҶлԶҽ飬˸
Ҷл죬û
ǻǵȥһҩõʳģȷϲҲ١
ҶлԱһ˽ȻŭĲ磬ת檹ªţ١ûб˼졣
һԷ㶣˼ô˵ҶлԺû
֣ÿͲڣδ˵ôô޳ܵļն
վһԣһѾͷӣѵҶлԣҶлԼȻ֪Լ٣ԺͲҪܣúõЩɡǵСʫ飬ϲϻ۵ŮӡҶлޱģϲ˵ȴһӴġûУպôլԺ
۾ﰵ˴Ĵָ
ɵƯ
ȻǸС̵Ƣһţ仰ʵ˵Ŀʱ;ɰ˲١
ҶлܹҲǴĿģҲŰǰó裬˷
ǰʧ˳裬ԺʰҲ٣
Ҷл뵽Ͼ¶ЦݣԹԵվ˸񣺡ǣޱߵһСѾͷ硣ߣһСѾͷѧʶԨ檵Ҫúһ£͸ˣȥֽ̡
˵գĹĵ뿪ˡ
ƳһۣߵǣУȥֽ̡
Ȼͣסˣܾʲô²ԡ
Ƭ֮鼸һͬӦڸڸаҶлȥ¶ˣ
˲࣬ȹӾܡ
Ҳ˲ô£ȥæϳ£ųš
ҶлԴߵü죬ںһ·񱼣׷ϡ
ԺŴڴڴʱ򣬿ҶлߵŮڿţҶ밲ˡѽ
ҶлԶһۣջ⣬׼Ŷ룬һ
һһ£һ٣Ѿ첽ǰ棬ա
ҶлŭĿԲ󵨣ҵҵĵ
òװȣȵ޵ôģ
ҶлЦôֻ۾ôģѾţӦ㵲Ѳʲô˵飬˷ֲɣ
ÿҶл˵űҪǰȥ䡣
ϰ䣬һƣѿҶлƵյĻ
㣡ҶлŭҪ㵱ǼС͵͵֪ʲô˵ȥˡҪ˲֪ǼĪΪôżػţǲǰ˽ȥȥ˰
ҶлԽ˵Խףһվһ׼죬ȴһͬһֱ¡

Ҷлԣ߹㣬ҹ£
ҶлԴδģͨ죬۾Բüûһȴһ¡
һֻԵƱԼϢʱض׼˺Ƭ
Ҷлŵáͨڵϣʢᡣ
ʱѾϡͬһɽһبҶлԵǰѹȵ
㷽˵ʲô˵һ飿
ͳҶлԶը죬ȥǱӵĵͺ𣬲ͷ
ҶлԲػص檡Ҳǲ²⡭
飬ҲҺģŭøƽȣǱޣӣǶȼ۵ģ
ҶлԵͷ˵
鱾Ͳ⼸֮ŮԻæŹܼңûп븮ĲƷûҶ˼ߣҲԳס
ֻҶ˼ƫСƷڲ֮ĸڳ͢ϵĹͣһֱǰ裬˵Իòᷳ
֪ҼĲ磬Ŀġ
Ȼ֪Ҵ⣬仰ǴΪ˵ϡ
һᣬȻѾ˺ǾĳһЩߵͷ
˫£ӹڵϵҶлԣף𡣲㵱٣𱰳Ĵ¶ǵһɶȻˣǱٽһΡޣ檡ǵգūҶǺţĸҲʮ꺮ºŲڵλáҶԼ飬ȴԼŮ֪𣿡
ҶлֱҡͷлҪ⡣
ȻЩǱڹʱûѧáͲ˵ȥŮ飬һٱ飬ŮӴ£ٳգԺ󽻸Ŀһ©һдһٱ飡
Ҷлԭء
⻰ɾҪҲټ
һٱ飬ʱǸͷ
ţҪά֪ڸĻŰܰôأ
ҶлԺƵһʶһ㡣
ôһˣ֪ԼˣҪš
ǲųɻ鼸գ԰ôĸ飿ȫȫ
ҶлԺȻԼģһǸ󴩹ıñޱȡ
͹˰ĵλ̫밲֮ĸ顣
ĸҶ֮ǰҹҹ̸
ĸ˵˶Ķ⡢ϲɵġֻҪŬһõ˵Ļġ㿴ңһӣĵԭٳҲ㲻»ʸС磬㡣
ĸְֽڷ˻ġ
л˵
ʾлǻƷֽҶ˼


138 Ϸ 
Ī
׵ö䷢, ͨ졣
ҲԼ黨ǰ£ܽůȴӣҲԼٰü
õĻ, Ͼͻᷢһ㣬, С
ŬЩǰ, ȴЩãһƵľ롣
һ, һġ
밲ʼÿһ˿ĴԼÿȥʰÿնˣԡѬ㣬Ӳи
ȴ, ЩŬ, 粻һƵľ롣
ʼ, ûƹһۡ
˵һֶ÷Ѿ
һǧ֮ߵ, Ŷ飬ÿͬһ㣬ǰ־֮ǰľȴµԨһ, Զߡ
޴, ʱ˿̣ڽ, ĥ
ҶлԻ۾, ͷ, 
檣ˡ
鲻˵
Ժͬ˵һΣҲӦһˡϰ˵޶Ļ֮󣬵ش
ȴΪͣƬ̶ϣֱֱ
ҶлԻ̧ͷպϵĴţ涣齥䡣
*
ɫƽƷѵֻһ޹ؽҪ¡
ţһȥ°һҩգ
̧˼֪ȥ𣿡
صʹ֣Ҳ֪Ҫȥֻ˵ȥһλˡ
ˡ
ͷ΢΢һ˵ҪȥǸ˵ʱЩڴ顣Ǹ飬ҶлЩһޡ
һûԵɵؼ꣬ӿͷ
ϵ·ãޣŶ

Ȳҩˣ˭֪תĹ㲻ˡ
ＱУӣҪȥģ
ųȥѰ򶫣Ҫȥ˭ˡ
ȡһСͲһֻС۷˳ֻС۷ԭشתȷ˷򣬳Żʳطȥ
ΧǽδϿһϷŻů
һ˷ܣһ·СܣֱԻǰ
廽һ
Իǰˣ̧һƤʵȥôãϷɿˣ
æһȲԻݣӻ飬û硣
ôԻݶ˱ʡ
ҶлȷʵȥҲѻˡû󣬾ͱ·ˡ
ôԻʡ
ҶлʵӲģǸҲʡ͵ĵƣӲϵ˵ҶлԵĻҶлԹ£Ŀ𳤣ӵ𱰡Խһ顭дһٱŮ飬øĿ
Ի̧ͷԣҶлԵûȥ
ͷ
Ի̾һЩ᣺֪ڸԲŲҶлԵֵġ
ʱ˿ԻݵĸҶлԵʱĸ졣
ںģκκ𺦰飬鶼ԲӲܡ
ԻֻǿЦһˡ
ԻһȻģ;֣Ҷлܷôôˣ
֮е飬кθ˵ģǵµĶ԰̬ȣʵһԻͣеıʣȴĶ԰ġ
ȷʵԻ֮ǰû뵽ġ
Ȼ̫Իʺ͵鸮ϵĶĿǴӹĹˮҲõȥ
ڸϣǴƽ֡
պϲ˭Ҳδ֪
ΣΪڸǰʵ˶۵棬طҶлԣԻݿԭڸϣҲûʤ㡣
ԺҪֻܼܰҵĹãӮԼڰһϯ֮ء
ϣΪļȢҲǺһһ
鳤ĿԳΪеһӣ
Իʺ붫ڣһֹϵ
ְʱǿ㽵ģֱˡ
֪ϲԲŻһ˵ߣֻʸΪĶĿ
飬ԣһõ顣
ԣȴһݳƷ
Ȩвĵ˽飬Լܵõʲôʵݡ
ԼԻݱӻһᣬ۾˲
̲סӣ޶ίǱֽϡ
ѽôˣ
岻֪ԼǾ仰ǵԻѹá
ʮԻݣһԼԼԺûлõˣĪİ˴ӵطӿòƣɽӡ
޵ʹ飬޵˻ߡ
*
˰·ϣﱡһֱüͷӻʹԼһϢһֱǻȥ
ʱѾ븮ۡǹϢҲûԶȥ
︮ŷﱡһ·СܳǣﱡԺȥ
ﱡûԵɵſվ˼Ϣʱ䣬Ŀ΢࣬ĳطһЦ̧Ž︮
ﱡסĸۡǶ۴״ԪĸۡȻӸۡ󣬵㹻ɡ
Ҫǣ︮ĺԺУŹİӣѵõļˣԼܡϰ˳\\ǹԼ
ﱡȥ޵һףɫĳУܡ
޳֣ϸȻ𹭼ݡһһʸƿնֱֱУдеĻ
ʸû뻱ֻһǼʸʲôڻߵ
ﱡüλ̨һ·֪кָ̣
ﱡδ䣬ֻдеĻȻһ£һɫȻ١ﱡӦ죬ִϳһѳָ񵲡
֪еĳǵ⣬ȻȻһϳأ
ﱡһҴ⣬תܿâ
ǵɫ;ʽ׹һɨﱡٴϽͼ񵲣֪ǶϽδӴǽ⣬ٴΪأ
ﱡа壬ֱӱǵȥ࣡
ǿ˫ڵϳ˳Ĺ켣һʱϰ䳡ɳ⡣
ǵͣɳ֮Уɻ䡣
ﱡ̽˼վֱӣһȫںڵĽǰ
ǵڣֽ֮񣬿ֲһ㽣͡
ý֮ߣΪλˣ
ѵʦĳˣ
ﱡ΢ҵ
ڻʹǰڽǵһɱĹŵӡ
ȻǿӲÿһûɱֻ֣Ƕ֮ġôĽҪԽĽ͡
ˣ²ܴ򷢵ġ
һӹϰ䳡ĳɢﱡһһµֳ꣬һѳָضҲ룬ֱϣֱɱʽһ
ֻɫһɫĻ棬Ǹꡣ
鵭ȻԭǴ˵нһɱһ


139 ʦ 
ʦ֣֪Ҫʲô
һ, ߸Ծ𣬰ɫ죬ɴһ㱡Ʈɢг, 죬Ӱ, ֱ£
һ
֮, һϸ꣬ꡰֱӰһĻ֮ѹȥ
ﱡԼһеĽѹ, żأؼ֮⣬翽ף˷绯ꣿ翽Ĵˣ
ǰüĺƷ翽֣ǰʽɱ֮һҹ
ﱡü֪еĽҹ
ޱػصһǰɫâ
â
ô˵Ҳ뵱Ӱʹˣ밲ʽ, , ֻ˵ȷ˵á
һ, ӣһ, ﱡܾԼȴ벻١
ȻԹӢ۳꣬翽ᣬʵ˲Ϣ, ͬĽɽ翷ϵһ㲻׽ﱡ, ֱȭʦǰ˵Լǵһ, Ҫ翽ȹ֪ʱ, һ, ˡ
άĻϺ޲
ﱡϴһЦǸӣ˵Щ͵úУ֮ģŻ㡣
ﱡǿŻ̹˾һ
ЦصǿɲУҲǾӣŲȥ
ﱡֻúЦһԾ𣺡ұðˣ
˰һȻֹ
ﱡתѾڣվǸ˵֮˵ﱡȻһϰ£ϸǸϰ֮ˡ
ǸСˡССˡﱡϸˣ֦Ų˰ȦλҸϣֻԽ𣿡
Ǹϸ˷ʵȻأ
ﱡеĴɫĽ˼ϣҾĿġ
Ŷ˵˼Ҳ˵׼ȡ֮ϣη塣
ûɱ˵ϰߣӲģҲһɱﱡеĽ˵ĲӣﱡܴӲɢͷпЩ࣬ĲϸģƺһŮӡ
ﱡȻڻʹﵣǰҲ涫۰ڽ˲ò仰
У־ý֣Ҳ֦֮ϡϸȴĺŮ
ЩˣﱡòС
ƺѾܵﱡɱ⣬Ȼ̾һڣһʧ˵Ϊڻ·ϣʦ־ͷˡ
ʦ֣
ﱡƺ˶һ
·ʲôµҶƬ֮ﱡջеĽҹʵʱﱡѾȥ˫˵ӡ
˲ϹЦ⣬ˮ
⸱ģﱡҷ֣Ҳϡ
һϣۿվ̾һþòʦ֡
þòֹǺþò
ﱡż΢΢ĿһֱĴǰݵŮӡʱǸСһŮģصظסȫļ䣡
磬磬㿴ѽѧˣ
磬ˣ֪Ϊʲô⹭ܺԣ
磬磬㿴ңһˣǸҵĮҸȡһ֣磡úòѽ
磬硭
ʱļһȫʻ
ǸΧߣô۵꣬ǰ
㡭ţﱡǰģʶʵ
ͷһš
ǡﱡҪһȷϡ
϶ң
ﱡһ´żСʱȣӺÿͷӳˣֻǸӺûг߶١
ⶼҪˣҪǣţ
ﱡţһѰѼԼĻԼȫѹϣߵ㣡㣡㻹ţ
֮һ֦ѡ
һæסﱡʦ֣
ﱡδӦ˱һϵ䡣
ﱡżϽκٶ̫죬ûеطɽ衣ֻһᣬԼ棬¡һء
صˤﱡϣҵﱡüͷ塣
æﱡʵû°ɣ
ﱡѵǿЦû¡
ֽһ㣬ӯﱡ뼾ߣߵȫʯӣûǲᡣ˵Լû£
ݺݵصһۡ
֪죬˽Ծϴߵ֦Ѿϣ£˵
ﱡ򣺡û£һȥҩһ࣬ͻˡ
ҩȥã˵ţҪʶؿ˫ַŻվ
ﱡüͷ;òԡСѧģڹķ÷׹֮ʱȴǺް취ôصѹϡ
˵û
ﱡɨȥֻѵȣŻ
ﱡȵʵôˣ
ؿڻϣԼȣЦûʲôò
ˤˣ
ﱡҪĿȥȻѾһ귽ʮŵŮӣӦóȻȥȡ
һ־ôͣȻ˻
Ǹҡǡﱡ֪ҪôԼ
ǲ⣬ԼȵĿӾﱡһӽѶϡһֱʧڴȿɲİ̺ۡ
ﱡ𪼡ôһɲİ̺ۣ˲ۿˣǡ
ʱˣЩĺƷҽҽΣûȬҲԳʱվߣҲ޷ţޱ飬˵һ㡣
ﱡҪ˵Щʲôֲ֪˵
һ̧㣬Ҫ֪㡣
ﱡż֣µӣһ˿ûԵɵĿ־뾪š
*

ﱡ޵֮ڣů֮ϣؿﱡƽֵͻԺԼˮ޸ʵ
ﱡһεʱеĲ豭Ӧѡ
֪ҪйַŭֻԼûôߣΪʲôҪðգ֪֪ԼЦòײŻ
ǣҺò׻ǲôԺҲȥҵˣĻﱡѪۡ
ﱡ΢죬Ҫȥסļ򣬿סԼ̵֣ңҿ취
ʦ֣֪ҪģֻǸλϵ˲ſԸң㲻Ǹˣβ취ᶨ˿ضҡ
ﱡżӲһʱ䲻֪Ҫôػ˰βŵǡҲôΣյķӣԼ֡
л˵
ָ·ﱡڳվ֣ʱһѰɫĽ
ﱡľϵĽ³ˡ
ֵĽϣʱõǰѽȷʵõġ
ľԼھ3β
ˣ


140 ͼı 
»Էϳ
ַ, һôܵõҪĶأԼȣҲ֪ʲôʱͲ·ˡ, ûʱˡ
ﱡ֮ϵļǵСʱ, Ҫ߳ࡣٿ, ˴һǰƽƽļСӱһͤͤŮ֮⣬ӱҲûг߶١
Ϊ
ǰ, һӲɽϻǲǰˣþһأ
ڵһж֮ı䡪
ΪȪ
ﱡüسһ΢òŵô
΢΢һ㶣ﱡ, ֻһں֮ɫ, һЩ绯
վ, ƹصƬﱡ, ʱһ㣬סﱡ䣺㵣۸
ﱡ죬ʲô˺ķ
Ļشȴȷڵ
ͷЦ鲻ǻݻ໥õĹϵ߲ȱŮ, ϵ, Ҳ۸ҡ
⻰˵ﱡЩȣͷȥ, ͵ͬһѧ, Ʒŵù, ίԺŮô࡭
ﱡǰ˺ЩŮ˶թơڰί޴˵
΢Цʦ֣ҲǶʱǸʲôҲĺˡֻҪΡҪңбõļֵûκ˿Ըίܡ
ЦóȣԲѾ˳ŮĵӡȷʵѾǸ١¶֪Ůˡ
ﱡҪȥζȹģǻߣֹ
Σ
Ȼֻһһɱ֡
Щʱ飬νǾ춯ء
ǰž¹ľС㣬ͱһˣվǰ
ﱡȻ뵽ʲô͵ؿǰǳٹСϷľ֣
û¿ﱡصǡɾǡ
ѹ֣ѹҿСߵǸŮô졣ﱡһЩϸڣǻģʱ˵ᣬΪȣ
ǡԺʱվŶҪ˵ˡʵش
ﱡȻ˼ֶΣޱ𺳣ΪǳϷܹɹȡùҵΣ޽밲ôңôᣡ
½¶ϵ˺ۣһ̵Ĵۡ
ܿһ𽥱Ӳİ̺ۡ
ǽۣﱡʶá
ˣﱡҲ̲ס
ñﱡڵĴߴһǱԨԣҽ㿪ϲ޷ңҲҪֹκ顣
ﱡûмİһۿͷĺڰ·ǴӵĶħһ㡣
˼ݣ뵽һµ飬ʵûо¹ˮ
κĻش⡣
ﱡţҲԸżĻĶ֡
ﱡ˵㲻ͻʧࡣҪô֪ռŶԲãҪôǹ̫ʦΪ˲۾֮Ϊŵ˽ֽնҴް
šﱡü
ǵģšңˡһЦ
ﱡ΢΢ڹҡң޷㣬ҾҪؿȥ
ҡͷûйκˡ壬һ¡Ҳ޷Ԥ֪ÿһӵĶ򡣶ˣǲϧΪڰǰˡ
Ӷﱡˡңֻˣ㼴ϳңҲҽгҵ֡
ﱡЩжĿһӿڳȻңǱңҲյء
ʦ֣ҵĸףҵĸףҵĸ磬ҵȡǵֻ֡԰ݻȥ̧ߵﱡߣס֣ʦ֣Щ¡ҿҪҡ
΢ָﱡº͵ƵʱﱡԾҪˡ
ʮȥˣǰŮѾ˷츲صر仯
òޣԣֶĿܡ
ʱҪΪĿģΪˣ
ﱡЦԼô顣
ô᲻֪һջʳƬӻԷУһ۾ϳԸǼ°²١
з֣յ˳˶۸ǰһЩȨƣԳΪȨ·ϵ
ԣŻķʽ֡
ﱡӼУԼ֣һʵǡ𣿡
΢Цش𣺡һ򻥲档
ﱡͷżݵ֣òŵǸҲ̫֮Ķա
ûнĻ˵ֻתͷɨһԵһӣҳ˵ҩ˵˵Ҿ֪ҩ
ﱡü
ӹóƿƿ޹ޣصﱡߣʲôأѽ
ﱡŷӦײڵʯͷϵļЩɬԼ
Ѳ۾
ﱡͷһẦߵģ
㣬ʱ˻ˮŶʦ׼ɩɩҩƿ
ﱡɫ䣬úͮͮģæͣûȢޣ
ǾǸϿѾͷ
ûУûŮ
Ǿ¥ݵЩŮӣ
˵
ŶѲɣʦ֮ã
㣡
ﱡ
ﱡŤȻЦʦ֣ôһ㶼ûб䣬СʵӣϷŪ
ﱡ֪ҪӦԣΪСӦ˼Щ
ﱡϣҪȥ
ﱡü֣վȭһ񣺡ڵݣ顣ְң
֪ﱡƢ
ΪԵ飬;ԲȥҲСһƢֳӲ
΢΢һЦҲǿǰҩݸ֣ɡ
ǰӹҩƣվﱡﱡ֪ҲԼĹִۿҩǾԲĵġ
ﱡͷ⿪·¶ļԼϰý˶ޱȵϰ
ﱡĲͬ
ڻҰбɹҲսɱСﱡӿȥǽ˶Ƥȷ԰סҲһġûκ˺۵ġ塣
ﱡļ޶˵̾ӣǱĺÿࡣ
ﱡȫһ¡ˣ
û
ﱡ飬ͷȥ
л˵
ָ·91:
ʱǶףڻʺں԰ײǰ빬Ů͵\ʦ֡
һ۾ϳﱡǰԲŰǼ¡
еǰ棬ˡͷ
̫ķʣҶָ·ģ


141 Դ 
Щ޴룬ȴֲԼд
ֻһЦ, ﱡ֪ԼֱˣˣҪ·
ûƬࣺ뵽ȥˣ
ﱡ۵õһȴҲڶˡ
ֵһЩҩ, ࿪˵ǰ, ɻ顣ˡʱܵġ֮ǰһֱĺƷҽ, ҲͨһЩҩ˿ڡı, һ֮⣬ûһļ
ﱡͷ֮꣬սսƺţҵȾ塣
ְֻذﱡļϣꡣ
ֵĶһǵ, СʱЩ顣
ﱡ΢˸ǲ, Ǳʦͷ
ѽ, Ǵȥд, ˵ҾġĵطǼ鷿ĴӣҩҲһЩ飬׸Ҷáö֮ҩҩ鷿, ȻҼˡ
ﱡ΢΢Ŀ, ļ
̾ʦ֣Һܸ, ûҡ
ﱡһЩû䣺Һα, ÷֡
ΪʲôûȢأ㶼˶ʮˡĵʳ仰, дһЩ벻̡
ﱡ죬ȴվûлش
Ҫôش
ΪԼ뼾ǰС޲µ֣ԼδޣǱˡһ洫ֻϱģһֱСš
ŵ˼֮񣬱ȥʦֻԷС
ʼգӹȥڣɹݸ顣
ڼʧİҲǹǷݶʱĸ顣
ִŮӳɻ飿
ô׵سǰѾ޸顣һʱ䣬顣֪ҪݱСĵ׵İ
ɻĶ󣬾Ȼ顣
Ȼ飡
ǻˣȥһԡƫƫ飬ε֮һϸµʸûС
۹ӣӵݣգִµǻۡ
³ѡ
֮ǣʳǣùﵣ¡ǰߣֻҪһ£˵һ仰Ƕǻš
飬ôǻʼӣȻ֮սδֻҪﱡһڣͿ԰＾Σֻġ
ôõġ
ﱡſڣҵĻ£´δԼǻûҪָļҵĹҡ
ûҵ
ﱡ뼾һȻſڣֻһ½ɫվ
ﱡӦ·ȭϥأݼ¡
΢Уȫﱡֻɨһµļ
Ųҵʰϵҩƣﱡǵúúòҩ
ûﱡƽﱡ̧ͷؼĻ
ԹԵ飬룬²и˵ϰߣ͵ë
Ŀ΢࣬Ҫ֮ȴǱҵĸǰ˽ᡣ
˽᣿Цˣ׿Ǹݣûʲôϵ˽һ˵
ﱡ΢΢˵ʲôᡣ
Ը뼾ս˦ץסĸ첲Ӳذϳ︮ݺݵضһԾϡ
ˤϣײø첲ۣתҪŭ顣תѹ˹ѹ£
ı鲻²𣬵ŭȼա
ãȥֱһưס˫֣¡
ſϣٶ
ŭԶ㷽˵ʲô˵һ飡
ҧסأҵ飬θɣ
Ųţұ촦֮أڼߵͺ
һ֪鲻ɱﱡȴҲӲ
ɴ˫ۣűԼѹµŮӡ
룬֪˵˵ŻѻȻٷ
ںﱡ
Ȼôںﱡ
һ޷Ƶŭǻͣһһʵʲôϵ
ҧأϻش
÷СʶһѧΪβ֪ı鼾Ҳ뿴
֪ǻӣûһǺദġ
֪ǣԭԼӿñʲôءԼİϵİκ
ֻĸƷ
ɣΪҳȥһˣƽûһ˿һη塣
ƽһˮŭʢ֪Ҹ׵ǰ˽𣿡
˽飿Цתͷӣһ·Σȥ︮û˿ҽ︮һͰҴϡװ磬Զ˾һӡ䵣ı˴ǰ˽飬絣Լ˴֮ãȽϺðɣ
㣡һֻ֣ס°ͣ
飡ȳ֣
û˸˼ҲûһŮ˸˵
ŮԲŸ㷴
ǣڹļƣɱ
ʶǰﱡǽһɱŵﱡ
ŭϸ룬ϸڲԾؾͱƣԺһһ
ѹסԼ֣˸
æһߣؿ飺Ҿ㣬ԺҪ񡭡
δ䣬Ѿס˼죬˱żĴڼӡĺۼһ㡣
󾪣»֮ҹǴΣ죬׾ٵĽƬҷ֮ء
ҧأתֱס򦣺㲻Ҫ̽ҵĵˡ۵ʲôɣֻҪҰֻŮˣ
δ飬

֪ԭһռ֮ǿˡ
һʼ飬л͡
ڣ»鶴õĺøУõȻ޴档
üͷ΢壬ض飬ûб飬ȴҲˡ
ıԽԽ䣬һ˿ûڡ
Щ꣬Ѿϲŭֲɫû뵽տﱡֱ˶ƵıʱһֿƲסķŭӽŵֱš
û뵽ǣȻʹǾ仰θɡ
ˣδҪؼ޸ҲδԲ
ҲһŴϣ˯˼գ໥ȡůѡ
ʲôʸԤ
ȻҲӹ޵ߡвûеһ¡
һֱղΪֹαװĺܺá
Ϊ˹
ŭ⣿
һʱڵս˱㣬˵Ҳ֪˵Щʲô
Щ޴룬ȴֲԼд
еҳȰ衣
л˵
ԾԾԣҾҸдûУ
ڿʼǾ˫裡ͷ


142 û 
һļƻ
ӵƢ, ֪ȻЩܹͬΪϵ档׿Щûһ˸˶Դ顣
, ҲȷʵܾûƲסԼ˭
ڵļ΢΢ͷ, , ⺰ͣ
ҲǸ, ס
һͣ
ҵˡ
鿴⣬һûլӡլ֮дš
㡭ʱðլӣЩľȻ
ѵŲſڣҽԹӼȥ︮ġԺ󣬲Ҫж湫ӼҪ顣ƺ£ǧҲԻȫ
ʲô˼ü
ͷĺƷϵĹӼҩϢ, վͻųȥ, ѼӴӶǰĸǿ, ͻ˼£Щ֮, Ҫô£
ü֮֮ɫȻˡ
ҷ˵֮ǶõĽĽǱ㰲ӼΪ, ͼҡ̫֮λӴ˷ȥ︮Ϊ˵ߵĺˡ, Ǹ֪࣬Ϣ, ôԸ㡢ԸңŻ, ̫һ۰, Ҳ޷ҡڵ۶ĸȷҪʱֱ̫ӿս
ƺû뵽ҪһУҪųӼҽϢΪβ֪һ
΢У˼ҵ飬ֺ֪ˣйأӼθأ
죬֪Ҫλش
ٿ飺ǵ£Լƽ
˵һԾǰšŷţһܼģߣһζ
ֽһ֮ϡ
Ϊֻˡһû뵽пõˣȻൽϢðһôլӡ
լ˶мӡ
ΣΪԼǰݣ
ô˵ԹݴͳһֻҿʼѾıԺβˡ
ȲеĹӼزĹӼ
ζ˰ѹӼ밲һգ
ȻıôԶ飿ǰ뵽Ҫݣ
ԼԼԼС˼
˼ûȫչֳ
ȥﱡбı
Լպûļƻ
عʱ򣬼Ѿ˼ЩգΪûŪԵ֮ǰ
һʱ䣬޴롣
£Ҫȥ𣿡˺ܾãû˵ֻӲͷƤʻ
鿴һլŽյļòŵȥ
ǡȥ
*
ʵֿ֮ڣһĺլԺռ㣬аʮĶ֮ࡣլˮ·ѳĻˮլС
һҹˡ֮ûú͹ķ羰
ΰģ鿴ľ̲ס̾һʮլԺݻ̶Ȳڻʳǡ
ɽˮأ¥䣬԰ͤ
˺ŵլӣȴû͡û˼ĥլӣֻǴС߹֪ҡ
·ɫˮӡųĺҶɨһ£ƬƬĺҶоȻһȺغ׾ɶŵվ˲
·˼״ߵغףŸԶˮȥ
еլԺĽṹ࣬۾Ҳ֪·Ӧôߡȷʵ˲ֿͬλãƾԼߣ߲ȡ
·ˣ鼲ƹɽͥԺһ԰ˮ￴ֿϷ
ͷϣ࣬תͷȥʱֿһȤػعͷϷ
ԸߵĽȥյ
Ӧ£ˮһ֮󣬱ȥˡ
ֿҡһȣЦ崺磺ô᲻Ұ˼հֻˣ
ֿԼߵƵСӹõ󡣡
бһۣǣֲǵ³֮͢ڳֿȵ¹ûŴɱңҵȻˡ
һĲ裬һ˳ֶСһڡ
ֿ̧̧ƤҲҸ¶
²豭Ȼңͳɳۡ͢ͷˡ¥ݶҪϽֻҲźѲˡ
ֿһ˦ּϵһźɫˮ˹ȥ
ס˿̲סզࣺǻ尡û·ݣѾԳԵ֦ˡ
ֿ조ۡЦ˳סȤô½˸ۡЩݺݺģ۵ˣ
鲻ֿ֪仰Ǵģһۣתʢ֦ԼǰŮԺңǹЩ˾ϸѡġò־úܡô㿴ҳɻˣһԺӵ檣㼵ʲɡ
ֿǣ޸ҿĽĸ͵Ĵסٵòʧ
۵һڣĶ˳˺ü²ŰԼ˳ƽ
Щȵ˵ʲô
ֿЦôһ͵ĴסͿУ
죺
ֿһҶı飺Ƥ࣬ЩСһġŮ˸һϲƤġһģҲδ֪ѽ
һƣǴ￴ҡǸģ
ĸ
ֿüкΣȻʲôס죬ѹͷչȥʵѲ㿪ˣģ˭Ժ𣿡
顰žһӣŵòԶˮ̨ϵϷǽһ㶣Ϸ
ֿϷǻ֣ǼҪͣ
תӣָ飺Ҳˣ
㡢Ϊʲôôƶҡ˵ý͡
ֿסЦ⣬ʣУ
ң

뼾ȻӰˣֿһЩ׵׻ֶĻͲӵظ˵˳
ֿЦָ˵Լ촽ǲ֪ҲҪͺ˲ǡһҾͿˣĨ֬һױ˾Ǳ㡣ҿһɲҲû˸㣬ǶǱˣ
ʶ죬뵽ʱЩɥֿ졣
ֿѵÿĬû֪ô˵
еĲյǣ˵ѽҺ¡˵ʲôҲС
ңƺһЩ£ˡ֪Ӧô졭
ֿӺȻͣˣ°Ͷȥˣʲô˵һ飿
ûһֿ֪ˣ
ֿǺһŮӺôĵӡ


143  
ô˵Ʋˡ
Ҳò˼, Ůӡ
ԴΧеŮӶһֱ΢̬˳¡ûһŮӸ, ˣСӡ
һɥֿǸģ, ûסЦ
Щ, ֻ΢΢ĿֿЦ
ֿ̲סҡҡͷ, Ȼ»ʲô̬ȡ⸱㷲ģʱǸŮǸˡ
Сû
СòڣǲϡЩò毺õŮӡ
ٵʱͶߵŮȤźپõŮ٣ûκԽ֮١
˽´, ӿ֮, ϲŮӡ
ֿСһ𳤴, ֪ЩԶ붼ǳԶС¿̰, ԸŮӶ䲻Ҳʵ
ںȻһŮӣ˿գֿǰ, ʻ, ͬǰǰ
ֿŲεߣת, ζΪ, ֱ
Ƥ̧ˡ
ֿ֦, ݸ¡ĴȥǸǡô𣿡
ҵǸ۾
ֿ֪ô˵һһֱ㣬ѭ浸صʮ뿪ǵˣ¶֪ôдɣ
ûϵֿ֯˵ǣԶϷ̨ĵ궫֣ΪӣＺگԼĵС㼴жԼΣ죬ǻʼҷ緶лʣкѣ
ֿ⻰˵üˮƽ㹻棬˸̨ס
ΪԼĵйʧＺ˼
οЩѪĻǣ
һ뵽ԼҪȥϴĲɵÿܡ
Ϊ㣬Ϊȥϴ
һʱŲ裬һԲ
ֿȻϲúЦ㲻ٹԹԵؼŷŵϷ
ȻжСʱһ˿ھӪס˰꣬δйŮ鳤
һŮӿ⣬ֿΪѣӦøˡ
ɡ֪Ϊʲôֿ˭ԣΨǸŮӳΪй֮ˡ
ֿ˵ˮͤû
黷ϸϸȥ컣ˮͤкɫ㣬ˮĺҶҡ
ˮȻһ١뵽ĺƷһĨɾ
ߵǰ£ְѹһƳ㴫
ֿ̧ۣһɫƻ⡣
һʱ򽭺ȡҵ
ֿ޵ȡһֻݸֿֿߣӭ
ֿþͲٵʱĸ̫֮λҲĲſꡣֻվ񿡵˱ϣô۶ѡ
ʱ˿̣ˮˮȦӳˮʮɫӰ֮£ֿ飬˶ͤ⣬˲֯һͼ
Ϸ̨ϵˣͣϷˮߡ
һˣͷе٣١
͵ģϵȵľģ˵£Ҳֿµһѳ١
ƺѾ뵽˺弾İ취ˣ
ֿ˵Ӱʧˡ
ֿεҡҡͷȴҲ˵ʲôЦǺǵؽࣺºһ鶿꣬ÿÿἰǸŮӣ϶ɬ
ֿζ˵̫࣬ôһοţӲͷ
*
ͣȥի
իС
ﲻиټռߵʦ١
ǵռĺƷ١Ǹͨɫɫáի˼Ȧûп١
իϰһŮӣڵ˺üȦûѡжǰȥһ񣺡λӣǵһի
üͷ΢һϲŮӡ
ŮӼ鲻΢΢ЦЦիϰ壬ӿԻϰ塣ǵһիӦиӽһǲҿΪ֮Ч͡
ɨһۣիٵļŮӣ˭˵û
һѺ١黺˵
Ůӵͷλأ
Ƴɱ
ϰ⣬صǲƳɱӿﶨһ١
ⲻһȦֻûһϵġǶӦûһЩ
ðɣǾͶֵգ˰ͼֽ͹
ϰЦǷǣֻҪӻóիһõ
˵ի
ϰĿ뿪һСˣȥԶԶŵ㣬λĹӣļҵ¹󡣡
С˵ͷȥ
*
ڣΣŻǰŵһ˷ܳ溰ˣ
̧ͷƽ϶ϣżĻ䡣ʱһůɢ˸Ĳá
࣬ôԺӽƽˡ
ƽҡͷĪҪǹӵĸ׾һܻڡ
£ƽл֮ȥıʹô˵ţҪ¡
Ҫ˵Щʲôȴƽ󡢻֮һµӡ
ǸϹһ˲ŵһСͭƿװкõī֭ͭƿ߻һСֻͷ׵ëʡ
ɫҴңתȣƽ˵Ц紺ˡ
ҲǵͷǸ⣺㱾̾͹ˣһҪ鷳Щ¡
Ӽ˿ʱô˵Ʋˡ
У㣬ҲЩı׬Ǯȫ㣬ҲгԣǮȥ顣
żü
ƽ벻ã˶ԻϽӹ֣ȥһգԺӣǻ˼ȥ
Цţ룺׼Сϲ
ȻͷӣЩ˼صš
գգ۾Ǳȥɡ
ðĸۡȦ
ǵȦΧʳǶһסլסĶ붼ǴԹ󡣵ؼ۰󣬼
Σ԰һһľľģ֪ЩԽԽˡ
ƽһȦ


144 ɵй 
Ǯ¡
լۡ밲СһЩ, ʤڷ羰á
\ۺߵΧǽݣݣȴҷһɵ, Զȴꡣ
ǻ, ûΧ, ֱȣĵʢ
ѩ׵ĵ, ӻƵҦĵзɫĸã졣ĵŵʱ̺죬磬Ŀ, ˲ϲá
רðĸۡ, Ժӵб, εС
ˡ
ŵǷеС£֪լ붢Ÿġ
Цǰ﹫Щ, ĸԸ
֪ĺ⣬ԭĲõģֲҽԺӣϾůů, 񵽼һ㡣
ô˵, ЦøˣҲҲõģů͡ա
ü, 봩һʯ, ǰȻ, ů͵Ϣ
ĿɼһƬ۰ףӣţԺӹһƬװģĴӣ裬ѷɡ
ǡþˡ
ҹӣǴƷ֣ڼ쳣ʢ
ʵû˵ǣֲִÿһζֵƣΪˣҽȥ
Σӣ֮£Խӣʢ֮ů
˲ӣ԰һ̳ءرʯͷɣˮҲʯͷˮԼˮڣǻǵζ
Ȫ𣿡˼ػͷ롣
ƽ΢Цŵͷ
صӲϲ𣬵պ䲻ұһӣԡȪ˴¹Ҳ˵ȪԹǼõġ
֪Ӧ˵Щʲô૵ֻסܲܰסδֺ֪αأôġ
ǰһÿۣع£һ񣺡ңǹӸġֻҪǹӷԸ޲ȥӣЩôŬ׬ǮΪܹϹӡլԺǹռϢĳֻҪǹҪҿ㾡еļҲӳ¡
üţҲҪҹͬ˵𣿡
̧ͷ໰˵
ƽ״æӵӴδǵˣĪˡ
ͷԡ
ת룺ҪллŶԡЩľӪѰңôܴӸôΪűǣ佫Ҿ죿ҾǿľΪ˾ȸˡЩ˸жԸΪҵĶĿҲΪ˵ΪѾˣͿԳˡ㣬
ҡͷȴҲٶ˵ʲô
ƽԲӣѡһЩɿѾͷڼҪȵˡ
ͷ뵽ʲôʵЩ꣬佫ҵСǣΰõģ
ش𣺡ЩСǱҳеĿУϰ壬ҵŮӽ١еǱ¥ѾˣԾͱ𱡣еԸԹΪ̡ͨڸϢôġ£ЩϢĵطѾǽһ鱨Ϣ󡣡
뿴˿ûѯʵĴ㣬ԹԵؼ˵ϢֻϢһ룬ˡڼЩӪĲҵӣſıǡǼǮ֧ʮҪӣҼʱ䣬ҳ롣
аԾȣȻӰô
ӣԳ
һʼԺݳޣǻ˲ӡڿ¶˵ֻǴһưˡ
һ̾µСľƣš֣ݸ˵ӣӣرԶ̺ġֻҪǹӵˣ˭ӣԶ̺ȥ֧ȡӣ۶٣Ѻͻӳﵽ
˴۾̺ţΪЩǿҩҵġȻһ̺ţ
ͷЦдҩܵԶ̺ţõ̺š
ָо·Ǵһʺƣü֪롣
֮ǰĺɽƲԾĽӵӣʲô֣ʲôʱ֪ģ
ֻص֪ˣǰɽϢʱڸסĶµĿջ
ջ
ԭӪҩ̺ţȻջв١
ȻԼªţС
֮ǰԼ޷ĺƷı׬ǮƤҪһ׼Ӽ룬û뵽ѾҪӣͿǷѾ˼ˡ
Ȼ棬һⰡǲش𣬿Բش𡭡ȣ˭Ǯ
ͷ룬ص֮ǰڱо̣Ǯ붼Ͷϡ̣ӶǿׯϵĹգǰࡣټʳأеĶӦǲµġ
ŶҲ͸ոպø࣬ǺǮ˰ɣȻԼǰ˵˲٣ϾµʲԸˡ
ͷֹһ䣺Ҫ˵˭ǮӦˡ
ţ䲻ᵽֿþȣֿǸȳӣ
صͷ
Ϣһ˼ġ
üʵô֪
Щ꣬ÿµĳӾмʮ֮ࡣ⻹߹ʡ
ͷ˼ţڲָϸڡ
ƽȻ˵ˣһʱ䲻֪ô죬֡
ҡͷʾǲҪ˼
û뵽ֿһӵܣʵ˽űΪǿ׬ǮֶΡ
ǿʲô׬Ǯأ
һׯӣϷصʳأһֱǴ´ࡣ
ֿΪʲôҪټ׬Ǯأ
˼·ת÷ɿ죬Ժ
ƽһʱ䲻֪Ҫô죬֣ڸЪϢ𣿡
ƽʻ𷽲ʱһ߷ߵס˵
ƽȻǸ˼סڼ
ȴЩģǱߣ𣿡
ߵθɣ
ƽ֪֮䷢ʲôǼһ˵޷ǱҲ̫ġ
ͷԺһֱ׼ֱסҲáһòϢ˰ѼϢ͵鷿ȥڹ밲Щգû취֪ӡ
ǵͷΪ˶ҲһҪȥȥ鷿˵ա
鼴ҲֻܹܰܲĺƷǰҽĹӼڰ¶棬һ뾡һа취
Ǻܵġ


145 ô 
֪
ذ, ɫ
ڸϢܴȥŷ⡣
ȻҶл֪˼ڸ»֪ڸʵ
鲻֮˽˻Ҳ磬֪Ĭ, е鼾ȥ򣬲ʲô
ԻԺĹ, С, ûʲôʵԵĽչȻŷ, ôҶл֪ˣ
ս˼һʱҪ˶Խһ⼸ڸطĴС顣
ڹٰˮѾ˺üµϵһĻȥһˡ
鵱ȻΪܹսȫΪˡ
һֱ֪һ, ޷󼰵鱨Ȼȥɽϵص, ȥ
γȥ, һϣ졣
ôѰڸȥ, Ҫúöһӡ
ӣˡ
Ϳһվڰſӭ
ǰһʵｻԨˣ
صǵ, ֽὫ, ὫԺ󣬽ˡµʹŲձҪϾߴ, Ͼ, ʱ׼󡣡
һ߳һߵ, Ҫ϶һЩġֳԸͣҲҪűֳİȫ
ǣȥš˵ֿУȥУ
ͷﻺУ֮ǰ¡
Ȼ׼ѹӵݷųߣı֮ŵˣ˷Ҫ£ⲻһ
뵽⡣
ûл£ֱȥԻݵů
ԺСѾͷɨĽԶԶؾͿůһϲתһ룬ʱЩ̿֡
תȥߣˡ
ԻҲǲ죬ô
𷽲ҶлԵ飬Ҳ֡˳񣬷е˱Žȥſӭ顣
ԻڽҲ˵ֱֱůڸȻгɶѵ˱ͷͷԻݡ
Իһ˳ӵģ
΢УʵЩ㶯Сܵˣ
ԻݵͷصֻɨϵĸӯѣЩصҪһЩʱա
ô˵֪ԼˣתϣԻݡ
һ䣬ʵ˽һ㶡
˲˺գ˫ִһһҶ
΢΢ףĿڵϡ
ֻԻ̧ͷ顣
һȻضԻݣִڷϣĴָʳָ໥ꡣ
Ի·һŹģڲϵûڼӿٶȡ
У紵ҶȻһʱ̱޷Ŵ󡣴ӣ
Ϣ֮䣬Իݱ㻺ȥߵͷ֪ˡ
Ǹһߵͷ
üˣ
Իݵ˭ǵ²죬йأ檵Ĵ
⻰˵û
ЦҶлԵ飬֪ˣ
Ի̧ͷ֪ˡѾǸµŷѵŷǽС֪ŷ£⸮ۡð
ǣǴĿ죬ѶĻᶼ֤ݵ磬Ǹĸѧ˸ʮʮ
鶯˶ӣϵ˱ȥա
Իһ㶣ʵ¡Ҫţ
鷭һҳ˱㲻㣿
Իݱǡȥš
屻Ի̧֧˵һӦԱˣĻر
Իüǻʺź󹬣ҲҪʱ䡣ڻûҸðȻ֡
鲻ԡ
Իݼ˵ϣˣүԲģȻүŵùġԺˣҴԼҴĵġʣλ̵ԺӣˣҲŵùˡɸˣ󲿷ǷûĹپΪ˼ū͡үҲʮյĹһϵģһ߹˲Ҫ̽Щū͵ĵӣĴŷȷʵЩæ
΢΢һЦԲ߿డ
Իݵͷ檲ҡ
ԻݰѺһ塪ҸɣǿҲҪ߰ҴЩʱ䣬ûйҲпͰ
鵱Ȼ֪ڣԺкܶҪһ¶⣬ϢôܻܰĺԺĹܵúá
ԻʺԻݼ밲ΪһھӦˡ
Ӧˣ˳µʶҪ˼檣öڡ
鵱ʱȷʵºϸĥһ׼ġĲǰԺ
ܹЯֵɽۣ֮ԺǸλϣߵȻֻһŮӡ
ȻûʱܼңȻҪһ˰ܼҡ
ʵ£Ҳ͸¶šû߽Ϊһ֡
ʱ׼ˡ
뵽ˣһ
Իݾһֵε
Իݵ˼Ʈڣ˵˭ˡ
ǼȨֿ۳ҵĸоţֻҪԻݵõ˰ĹܼȨһ𣬾᲻÷¡
Ȩƶһ˵ڣΣòˡ
ڹԻݵġ
ŹڵϵԻݣȻôæǾõԡλǰ㡣
Իһ⡭͵ʴףʲô˼
Ȩ
¡ȻԻݼڽʲô
ˣȥ˴һšܼ࣬¾ôˡͲһ㶼شԻݵĻ
Իݰû͸뵽ͲôöԸˡиŷǱߣҶл֪˰͵ܳȥ飬͸ô
һֱ̬ȡ㲻ԸܻԸܼҡ
ֻǸþӣЩԼ
һȨʧˣԺҪڰ㣿˵ú̫ӵµıãԻʺĹĸ
ʵԼϵĽ䣬ֻҪ䣬ԻݾͷԼ̫ӵָɽȥ
ܱ
ҡ
ˣȻѾ࣬ʼնûϳ볯ƾպսҲڳվȡ
ĸ磬ĸףڳıһ̵ְٰ̫Իʺ
гһտǰסļˣԶȫȫվ飬̫ӡԻʺΪС
һ㣬ú
ǣ̫Բö۵ģԻʺҲΪ֮鶪˺󹬴ȨԼ̫ӶԵơ
ںжų˶Ӳ
ʢ˥׵ġ


146 ˮ 
ŲߣǽʲôֵȺã
ıԼ, ͱץס顣
˵˭ԼҴͷʱֵһǱֻˡ
ɸڵ, ֤ڷһУܴȥ
һʧȻ, ΪҶлȥ氲״, ˮԼ
ڿˡ
һӺϸȨı, ˭ףҪԡڹûе̨֮ǰû˿вˮڰĵλ
¸ϳ˽ɵñҲС
ϣĿ⻹ǹԸ֮ȥҪЮ飬ǳɲ˵ġӦöһ, 顣
Щ̫󲻾ôСά̫ѩΪùѩ, ȱϲ淡
һֱڱϿ, ô¡
Իȫף㸣˸, ĬĬ˳ȥ
˼Իܲµġ
ҪľЧôά˿, άѩĿ졣
˶˼, ͲԵ޹ʵȥҼ鷳ˡ
ڸ, վǸ°
Ի, ĵȥµ¸һȦ
ÿһ̵ķＸһʱ, ңദ
ص
飬ලҩ
ӹһں꣬䣺ᷭǽ𣿡
̧Ƥţ
м£Ҫæ˵ֲһ䣬йӵġ
*
ڶգճϲ٣ȥУѵîʱţȻ֪ͨһЩˣ׼ȥԺס
ҪȥıԺ־ͽȪݣȪйܽȪйصй
йĹͬǶȪ
ͻȻæһ׼
ŰһȪȥˡ
ϣժԴϵñЩǵ飺ҶлԶ֪ڸѽҼٰһȥȪݣ𣿡
鿿ϣصҶлԵûȥ󣬼ڲڣҲ֪ȥôԻˡĬģҲᡣȻʣĹܼȨҪλǷˡ
һؿ飺ΪǰΪԻݣصȥɫ£
üʲôʲô
鷴ŲŲȻ˶һСһǵ˼ʱӹܲаȻҸ¿󲹵ҩõ磿
ʱһҭס˳ȿȡ䣬ôҲǸң˵ܲܺһ㣿
һתͷȥҪܡֲ޸㡣
뵽ʲôü˶һУСӲҲˣ
ڮ֣ըëèһȥʦܲŲһĺģ
ҳĺģʱ
˭֪Ͳְͷת˹ȥ
鰵̾һһΪʲôҪΪ
ʱͲ˵ˡ
Ȼ뵽ҩ˿ڵҩ໹ģΪ˲ַ˵Ƥ֮࣬ɤӣȣǸ䡭
Ҳҽ͡ͷһߡ
ü㲻ͣҲȥǰ
һۣϻҿ϶Ҫ״ҲҪ״һҪߴ磬С㣬ûһˡ檣ĺĵģ
Цһ͵ȥǵķ䣬Ҿȥ˼ڲ裬˻飬һĻҲû˵
˭Ű顣
ҡͷʵ˵ֻҪȥˣʲô˵ҲҫʱϾûĿʲôֻҪҲ˵ô˵Ƕҵٳ衣ȻôԻݼɻ˰ֻҿصˣԻݲŻһǲȻ£ΪԼıȨȥˣû˵ô˵Ƕ˵ڵġ¡һס
Ȼóıԣ֪˵˼һֱΪûʲôøС
ǻ壬Ȼһжǿ˳۵ġ
ͣҲǲ뼾ѡ
Ǽθɣ
ͲüԶԶģԶǷ֮زźáֺγ֪Ϊ˶ٹΡ
ҪҲ̬̫ˡ
֪ˡӣȥȪݣǵöȪ֮ǰڱǱߺ̹ǡ˿̫࣬Ϻء긻ǿãȵˣŲؽھҪˡ
ãҼˡһ̬תһ
*
鵽Ȫݣ任·͸ͣظϻذ
ȪݵؽůΪȪ
Ҫǣ뼾֮ܽһСӣվһԾܷԺ
أԺӵӣۣ˳ժһڱš
ҹӣǱߵģһ¾ͱԺӵĻ̲סզ࣬벻Ӽɵй
ǰȥ԰ҹӣͱȪƣںһһȻλ
һտһֻ㣬ˮĻУīٵĳˮƮɢͷī߿ൽ
ֻԼһµվʱд󺧣ȵ˭
黹ξߺȻӿ
һɫӰ컨꣬񣬼һְγǰɫ񵲡
һ鱻ɫӰײɣӣһ£һƺߡ
ֵǾ棬ʮʮ׼һб֪͵ˣôб£ȻܽӵסĽ
֮£һ˦컨Ľ˦ɢ
ڿһ̣Ҳһ£Ѿ·˹һҹӵװࡣ
üԼļɣڵϣǼʶƮ콣ʵˡ
飬ԼͲó֣ʮʮؽһȻֻǴˡҿһȻ˭ᵱ
ֵϵâҲ鴫
ŲߣǽʲôֵȺã
һסڱִҵվҶл֪ˡһ㶯ٰ˵ǴһԺˡ
üΪڸ١
˼ˣеŭ˲˲١
ȻòãԹԵΣԼγӣ԰
ҲŴӣ԰


147  
ϲңʵҲûжѡ
ŵƽԵ޹ʶһ, ɵһ㶡
ɱһŷߵӣƬ, عѱŵŷڸϡ
һ¡
, ֻǿһ, ԭˡ

ͷʾ޷
Ƿػ, ǹӵˡ
ͷһѰ˼˭ڻȪйһԺӡڿĪˡ
бһۣ˵աάֲ¡
⻰һԻͷϡ
Ҳ, ֻ΢Ц
벻֪Ϊʲô̬, һʱҲ֪Ǻ, ֻ˵ӣȰŷŵ鷿
ͷ
һ񣺡, иˡ
ͷȥɡ
һȺ˽˼鷿
ӣҪȥ鼫ǰȥơ
ŬҲŭҲɵһɣš
ûоܾ, ű, ʵڸҲҪһֱΣ
бһûлػ
ڹ⼸ºܶϢղǸҸ
ԡ
ҪգܲһֱڱԺס, 鲻ɫ
, ǺԸ۵, ػصԼҪա
˻ȣҲãұסաС
һҪĸסգ۾ûطסô
Ц𣺡ôû㶼ôֽšˡһһ˶ɺͳ
ҪػȴһįӣһĵƮһƬ꣬۵ý
ɫ\\
ʱ;ĻںôҲ˵
УڵһƬ⺣׳ڲϢ
չ㣬кδ֮У
ͳôķĶ
һʱ侹֪ô죬ֻܴ
ͬ飬һûа취
Ӵˣ׵ӡ
Ȼûд˵Բ֣ʾɫ࣬Ҳ͵һַʽ
ƺڷʡյĵΪ
̾һ͵ģ
Ȼ뵽ֿ˵Ļϸʲô˵ģ»Ｚگء
ǣͣ½Ųתߵǰ£ӵķ֣ͷյ£Ĳԣ֮¡㡣³͡
ɫһ˵
һȥ֮︮ǰ¸һ顣
üͷԭ
֪ԲԵ޹ʡӵذ︮
΢죬׵ҡȻϵķɣҲǸӡĳЩ棬ϣܲüԡյ£ҵĴ㲻Ҫȥ
ôԭҶлںǵĹϵ
˽ȥ
ͷɾÿҲôС۵ˣ˵ˣͷȥաﱡҵĹˣΪǰߣڹжҷЩҵ£Ҳʲô©ϵĹϵҶԸȥά˵ҪҲá
ǣ֣˵ϲ㡣
仰ǳֻһﱡϥǰ飬֪ﱡԼĸ顣Ǿ÷ô򵥵Ĺϵ
ﱡһѧꡣȻнӴǲ鲻˽ﱡ顣
һֱһϻֱۡˡ
ˣ϶һ£㲻׶ҡ
죬ҡ֪
ϲ𣿡
鶢ż۾Ҫһ𰸡
ͷĬã飺Ҫ𣿡
ᶨػصҶԣҪԸҪ
ң⡣
ãʮɫĹ⺣ʧȡ֮һδһ𣬲ΪûҪļ޸ңԻݽ¡ҡ޷ԺȴúһЩ
Լ֣ЦһҹúһЩ
龲صĻش
̧һĿԶ𣿰£㲻ôΪԱҰɣ
ֻҪ룬һԡֻսѼְС
һЦ
ллĺ⡣飬ҵ·ûߡͺ·û˿һˣʸ𣿰£ҴԼϲˡش⣿
Цû¶ȡ
żޱȺ
һʣֱе
۾Ժûκϣôϣأ
ܸо黺֣վԽԽԶ
ֵһ˲䣬΢ᣬۿһȡ
һֱһֱ³ޱߵĺڰ֮С˻ߵغ֣ƴҪںڰͷû
һǰؿԼĸӻ˳Ȳκ˵ʹһֱǶƤֱ裬û
۾ͨ졣
վһƬڰУþòԡ
ϵҪѼӿȥ
һ˲鶯ˡ
ǰһÿۣеĳһ𣬵ϥ£ס֡У¶ľգȻһЦȻһ԰ա
ԡЩûзӦʲô
Ȼûϲˣһԡôÿıֶһ㲻СϲңҲһ
ӣ΢ţ֪Ҫô仰
ȰϲңʵҲûѡпܶʧܣø֮֮⡣ɡ㣬һ»Ȫ
ʲô
̫󣬻ûлع
Լף
Լף
ΪʲôҪô
ôĿʲô
Ѳɣļƣ̽ҪĲϢ󣿣
ﲻ֪룬ûԵɵءۡһЦ˳
վͷƵ󣬰鷿֪⼸Ҫæˡܰæģܿڡ
Ѽ͵鷿ſڣ֣㣬ˣұԼıԺȥˡ㲻Ҫ˯̫
عͷ
ЦЦ㲻żظңҺģ롣
üȴѾعȥԹԵ뿪ˡ
סԼ֣űĵطȵ¶ȡ
Լ֮ǰرţȴӴġ
Ҫ
ҪҪأ
룬˦˦ͷΣ鷿


148  
򰡡
, ûҲ޷овϢܱ
Լüģеȥ, һ㣬ϥǰ, ׵, һֱԺ֮ȥ

Ȼһ͵һӡ
ŷͱƿ, һӣڷһԼͷһɻżڿһɵӡ
֣ŷӦԼͷ, Ҳһ, Լͷ˳
˲伾ָֻ, ֿĿɿڴĵǡıУ
ΪڸԼղŶ, Ұ뺰
㡭û°ɣɵʵ
ּ֣û£㲻ٶ룬ȥ롣
Ƭ, ˡ
ӿˣŶ롣
Щ, ΪǾ仰, , ֻܻصһ, õȥһȡա
ͷ׼»ذ˰ɣڵݣһֱڼסȷʵáܹôȫԹӻĵġ
ɻ̧ͷ룬ôĵģ
һʱЩ㣬취˸͹ȥɡ˵ռվ鷿еĶӵ˼
ʱѾҹԺĴ΢˸ԶԶؿȥȴǲࡣ
γҪ˶Ŀ
ֻһЩսܹˣȥӪרŸջϱһ˹Ȫʳ
ķԸÿնȥȪϺһԺǽͷǡ
ӭӣߣȻ·ա
˵ͷŰȥȪݵ޵Ѿˡ
ȸ°գȪԡһˣȥ֪ͨ¡˵Ҫߡ
סһ¡

һᣬҵ˻һЩͷ˸͹
ͷǡ
ԺŰѼסֻǿ۾Ƭ࣬һۣʵҹ
ľϣͷ߶ȼУѵпеʱ
û£лæ͵УŲŲϣ˿ϣ˶첲ػص֮ǰڹ©ϢеࡣǱŷοһֱȪסҲ¡㿴꣬ȥöǷǡ
ûڼߣСذѼȻѿȾһһϵѨλ˭㣿Ұио
˫ֳӣ˸ֱ΢΢ҡͷ
һּСȶǣأ
ҡͷ
䲻ˣȥ󣬳Ĭ֮󣬲ʵ֮ǰôģ
ɫԽԽҲƤЦػش𣺡ۣɶУɰҹ
۾ȶۿˮ
æȥǣס֣æ䣬żżѽҼǵһֱأڹʱҳվ￴飬ܲͲ۵ǼգҪɻʱ֮ǰѾҵҩ衣ŵĵطҾվš䡭ңľάҵˡ
ż˵Щѹˣһֱӱ˳ڼϡ
֪Ҫô죬һСƢˣǰᡣ
Դһûиɹ
˵ʱÿһüÿ鶯һ塣
ͻ£ҧŴذοһͺˣһ̣һᾡ졭
ǰЩʱѾʼҩЩʱ򣬸ʩڽˡ
⣬ûжסȵĲ顣
Ȼ䲻Ըϣ±߼
һ֪ȵڶ񻯣
Ĭ
ȣô᲻֪ǻôµȥûа취֮ǰһֱӦɽ֡
Ȼˡ
ֻ޲ߡ
俴żĬԣһžôʵԲҡûа취ȺתЩʱգȥ˺öҽ顣һֱŬҽ飬ҿ©ʲôǣЩҽҶѾˣҲҲİ취
ץס·ͷļϣþȫ³仰û취κȡû취
۾֣ס䣬ⲻĴҵ⡣
ڼĻصؿţû˿顪
ۿżϣֿһһʧȥ֪ôŬ任Ʒûа취üȺתԽԽ
޷˵ԼһˣԼ塣
еľ޷Ȱ뿪
Ҫô죿
Ҫôܲôؿһʧȥ֪޲ߣ
꿪ʼѧҽ걻ѦĺƷҽҽʮѾԴѦҽɽҽ˿
ѧҽʮûи
ɣôŬ޷ҵκüȵķ
ָоԼߵɽµ䣬䲻͵ڣʯľ
һһЦ䣬᣺㾡ǡҪԼѡ·
ҡͷҲ
Цһֺγأ
ʱűƿ£ȪԡһžͿͷᣬӦ̧ͷü
һʱЩң֪Ӧ˵Щʲô
ŵԼ˲ᣬվͷݺݵصһ飬ȻˤŶȥ
һƣæͣû
̾һ⡣
ˤŶݶϣߵü죬£ݶһԾ£ǰ
䲻ֿͨ۾վסˣ˲ӣԵ㲻úţ׷ʲô
ϰ䣬á
´ʱҹĻȫ٣Ҳƾһǹ⣬޹
֪ӣҲգֻº͵˵Ѧʦ壬ʲôӡȰѹӵݷųӾͿ˳ذʦ뵽Ѿȥˣ̫õġ
ΪˣһĺƷϱ꺮䣬Ǳ紵ľһ㣬ûжı飬û¶ȵĻȴƽƢҩ
ڼɽ֮ǰʦйǼĲ񻯣һֱסʦ
ϴ̣³ͻȻûлѦϸĲ飬ûлѼѦӰ
ǲ֪Լȵ֪ΪżһлȥŹӼɽҽϢ
Եɣ顣


149  
ϾҪʼĻˣʲô㣿
, Ҳ˹ȥ˵ʲô۾Ҳġ
˵㡣գ˼۾ɫ, ϾҪʼĴǻˣʲô㣿
ż©鱨, Ӧûһƻ, ͷ, ׼ϳ
ϳüϵ˺ˣ
Ц˲þͲϳˣǿ쿪ʼˣλԺҪЩš˲ó֮ο»Ҫͷ֡
ǱѾȥˣġϳȥƼٰɣ̫游, Ͳ, ˵졣
游ǵʦ, ٣ʲû˱游ˡ鲻ں˵ʲô
ף̫ʵһѧʶԨ֮ˡֻǵ, ˼ˣиڼҡ»𣿡
˵⣬ҲһģҲȷ̫λһ¡
ֻʳ, лᡣ
뵽һ, Щʾֱߵǰѽߡ
ǰѽߴС󣬾ǰ, 뼾̫, ƾͼƵ, ʶһߡ
뵽⣬ҡͷ̾һ֪죬Ҫȥݷ游㣬ͬһȥգ
лѧʶˣ㲻ΪԼʦֻڱ˵䣬ҲĪҡ
һ˷ܣҪӦỹδɣôܼأתֳ˽ëҡͲȥ˰ɡ
֣ôˣ岻
ûͣȻʲôͷʶӣš
鿴żԼĵĶӣһ죬ʵ𣿡
Ǿ棺֪ʲô
ĿЩ¡Ľ̵µֻ˵һЩ
ˣȻھӪǻ֮󣬳ɻ֮ǰ϶ȥ̹ġ
һʱҲ֪˵ʲô˱
ݵ֮󣬰ţĶˡ
վЩòϾ
ѹסĸ첲ȥ㿿Űա
˵ջͷȥţһŷ˹˳㽻һ䣺ˣЩ
棬вһ㣬ɫ԰ף֮ϣҲʣͷ¡
ѶֱߵСϣùûУţ
˵ԵģĶˡ
ͷȴա
Щǣü˸Щȥã
Ҫȥֱߵţô˵Щ棺ţ
ͣγĴæֻ˽̡⼸ȪǾӪĴԱӦ֪ɣ
ڱӪ࣬Щ˶ǸϹսģϰ߳ԸǶʳûʲôҪֻҪܳԱС
ǳԵⶼҪζʿǳҲΪ˱֤ܡʳ\²£ǿǵķΧ֮ڡ
˻ص࣬ͷͷʵԳԺȣҲôҪ鷳ˡԼ͹źܴһ̯£Ҹ˵ҪסġЩʱӦҲ˲ٵ顣
ЩãüԱ̫ġ
Ǹˣ⣬Ǵ̼԰ôһ룬ʶӶһģصķ
ǣﱡǣĴ̼Ҳǡ
ЩΣֻܵϰо̵·ûź˸ţʱȥֻġȽͳڣ˰øϵĳӸõġ
Ӧһֱߵſ˵
˳ȥƬֻ̱϶һ̣࣬ͷ̲ˣԼһˮ⣬˵ס
״æѰϵļյ棬Ҫ
ȴŰɣڰá
ĶһһذϣȻ˼ǰһͷԵ𣿡
ҡͷ˰
ӹſ˺þãЩϤУȻ
鿴㶲ԣΪ÷嵭ʵǸõǣ
عҡҡͷˣҳԵùߡֻǺܾûô򵥵ķˣЩѡ
ͷ˿ˮպպףͷҧһڣȻһ࣬׽ԺµһʼȥҲԲϰߡ̾ˣű߾İΪսңûгԣҲˡҶԣܳԱС
ֻ㣬ոж˰աһСͷš
ڵԷڰԷȫģ
Լһھ׽£ҲʳĽڴڵҧеͷԷ죬Űϰͷ꣬Ѿĸͷһˮ⣬ռŴ׳ˡ
飬۵һ£Ц
ɵؿЦʲô
죬ָָʣ°ͷ˰գθãϳԶܡ
Ų˷ѵԭ򣬰ͷˡ
һЦЦӡ
ʰϵĶߵһŰһߵͷţһ죬͵֡
˫£ʵӸտʼһֱЦʲô
æЦ⣬ͷһؼţû
۾ѼΧסŵˣؿ
ȵϢ޵ڼɨߵЦʲôҸңҲһ£
˫ֶؿڣͷҾǾãղˡ
仰ˣ˳ƹϣż
קһؿڵǰܾңԶúÿˣܸһֲʳ˼̻ĸо㷽̻ʵӡȴ֤ˣʵҲҲ˵ģҲ
Цʲô̾ҵȻ񡣡
棬¶һ˫۾ҿˡ
˵û£ǿһߵģð˻ˮ⿪´·ֻ¶һ뽡˶ؼ첲
չϸϸز鿴
ʮյ ǰļˣѾ˷ɫ⡣
ֻǰ¶ţҲܿ˵壬ɵ֣ȥϵľˡ
֣޵ţһղɫ\ռͷ˲Ʈɢæ·
֮Ĺϵò׻ͣɲԼһ̱ޡ
⼸ȥУˣ
ϵ·˵ͷֲãٲڽ㣬һδɱҪعˡ
ܿЦ֪ǴˣתȥϢš
Ҳ֣Ӵһ̺ӣڼϣȿţȥȥ


150 թ 
͢طʦΪӦôأ
ק̺, Ѹղŷ˳ȥͷȥеš
ȥҩһˮһǼ, һԼġҩ̾, ӹ˴һں¡
ӹʵ䳳ˣ
û̧ۣ, û¸ɣȥϢա
þ, Ȼᳳܡ
£ȻһˮڼֱߣȺˣһ㡣
һȴװûģ
ż£, ʵϢûи, ֳǱ߽еôˣ
ֳһ, ݸϾߴǵĿ챨ǰġ
գ۾, ɵؽӹŷ⣬Ͼߴǣһǧأʲô͵, Ϣô죿
صŸ롣
ͲŸ£ϢͲ𣿡, ȷϢ
ͷҲ̧ػصרŸĵطһǵϢǷֺüŸ, üʱطġƽϢ͡ս, ұֱȥսΧ, ЩŸˡ
ȻʲôԣƽԭɳĮشصңֻΪ˵ʱڱ֪ҳķϢȥɽ㣬ţ
ͷӿɽ̡
ʱĳ˼мˣ
鲻˵̧̧Ƥˣҵֻһ㱨ǳӪʱ䣬͵ϮķҲµġ
鲻á
ǶǰǰˣˣЩ˵ģԸ͵ġ
̧ͷӣһ˵Һ͵㣬ÿһսۣҶսϸϸӡһ̣Ȼܽ;˼εûÿһεҪ·ʱġǴһʼʹ㹥棬Ǿоٶȣ͵ˡΪ㺦¾Ӫϸͨ籨ţ·ϱáҽӵϢٳٿˣҲŸȷ㵱ʱҪƽԭɳĮشƽԭΪҪô˶Ŀأ
һΣˡ
ûʱǰվţ赲ȥ·ģȻǹӼ
֪Ǽ·ͻֱǿĳǷˡ
սս֣˲Ϣ䡣˭սϻøϢ˭սֻռϢ棬˴ĹһӮʤ
ͷеţŷڵĵطŲϢ֡
Ϣ󣿣
Щȣ⣬طԼܸоһǿڰ
û뵽ĺƷҽȣ翷壬Զ̺š֮⣬Ϣ֯ϢҲ齨ģ
Ȼ˽̫١
Ůӣб
šϢҲҵġ飬Щ£Ȼ˵̫ףӦ֪һ˵Ӽݷҵ⡣㲻ùĵġЩ£ģãоȫжȡ
˵ţţ£ּ
ּ
һ㶣վ·򿪷ţֱֱʹȥ
˭͵ģĿʰ
ش𣺡ǰˡ
ﱡʱɫȥ֪ߵøˡ
ӻʹŽ룬ﱡһɫֶ泯⣬ͷ¡
ŲͷʶرȭǷ񣺡¡
Ŀ˰һۣʶȤ˳˻ʹ
ֻĽǵ˸ɴҡڡ
ﱡĮּ
ﱡӻóһܷСͲݸ飺밲¼顣
עﱡ΢УﱡϽӹܷͲͲϷֽŶ۵˽ӡûбغۼ
鲢ûż򿪣ǿﱡĮʵûʲôҪͬ˵𣿡
ﱡͷһģ֪֪ʲô
йġ
û˵ָ˭ﱡ֪˵˭
΢޿ɷ档
ﱡ˵仰ʱֱӣֻлشйʱ밫һȡ
ﱡĶ龡۵ס
¶ԽԽͣﱡȴ΢΢ףԽԽһʱʹһĳ
ǰ飬徽Ź¡徣塣
黺³֣ﱡ͵һκεĶҲ˵
ȴѾﱡͫȻһ
鿴ﱡķӦ˲Ц˳ֻܷģ⵽ﱡǰЦʵ͢طʦΪӦôأ
ﱡֿʼ΢΢Ȼԡ
ڱңڷһȥȥɽӪҶıҾˡԹթֶΣȹͬˮ޸ҡ̫ӣıɱ޹ǳ¼ŵŹ£ͨ͢ҪΧﱡţʦ֣׮׮ɶǵԴﰡ˵Ҹôأ
ﱡʼƤһɱ翪ǰѴɫ彣
ֵֻﱡļϣҪﱡ·һ˲䣬ﱡһһһߣתֱγҹֱָؿڶȥ
̧ǳǰɫâᵵؿڡ
ˡһﱡĺڽײɫĽཻĳ
ﱡڴڵشͷȫǺգӻ䡣
鵽һȻԵõӣֱ̧ӰﱡȥһԶ
ңβõȽﱡʦ֣ʲôǱ˴
еĵȻڸе
ﱡһϰ꣬ԴĴ١ѧ࣬ȴһ츳ĺӡ
ȻɱҲɽ֮ǰԼĳ֮һâϡ
âǾӽɫĽѽĻꡣâĽ̹»ǵϯһҹ
ﱡϵҹâӰӣйĵطȻкڰС
ҹһѸ֮âС
ѽûཻΪѽɱϣһָͬһˡɱѽֱ͸ﱡⲻԶ
ȴĵһ棬û˵ϡڶ棬ȴѾš
ﱡ飬֮ͬ飬Ϊ˼ΪһĨûзִòô
δӵôؿػص
ﱡƽµƣҹ࣬˸Ĺ⣬Ҳȶ
鿴ﱡ˺ϢԽԽ֪Ѿ¶˾ġ
ﱡ֡
ﱡ֣֤ǰ鱱Ź£壿


151  
뷭ʦֿţ
ļ, ﱡõ˴𰸣Ȼﱡȥ
ջ˽ȻһЦʦֻ, 𶺡
㣡
ﱡЦһ̽ң
ͷʦּȻ, ˵仰𣿡
ﱡü֮, Ҳй֮¡
ЦţԭʦҾȻ˲ˡ
ﱡҲûб̫Ӻõȥ
֪ﱡ, Ҳ֪վڼһߵġ֪̽ǲΪ֮⣬֪ﱡǲһɿˡ
ﱡֽܶ飬Բ˶ԡ
Ҳ, ݵġ
鱧Ǹ, ﱡǷʦ, ˣʦ½⡣, в̤һǰ׹֮ءҲðգܡһᾡܻȫʦַſĲǡ
ﱡЩڣû뵽, 꿴ȥô˳һ, ȻҲ缾һ㣬ýթ, ʤ
, ûдӼ׳, ˼
곯¼һҹ֮ŵ佫ô࣬ȻܹµõݣȻѾ鵽Щ˿
ﱡ֪Ǽ֮һʽס
ñ徼ҹĪıԼǻۣⳡ֮վȽŸΪرҪЩԩڳŵ佫
ܹҪ̹ݵġ
ﱡһʵ£֪𣿡
ﱡ仰ʱһʡ
ı徽ԣǼҡ
ุʦӱ֡壬徽ĴС㣬ĵһֱĽǸˡ
ﱡһֱã徽ʵǳŵĺƽԤСϲɽѧΪһƽ١
º֣Ϊʲô徽ԤϣȴûаԼļ˸źã
ﱡܷѽ⣬ޡǰ߲ܰø鱨Ϣ
ǰǼ£ʲôôҵĹؼ֤ݣͷ
ﱡʳ仰ĬƬ̡
֪ﱡ׵ʱڱ徸ġԱ徸ĸ飬һ˶Ҫ
ﱡʦ֣ϵҹâӰӡͬʦֵܣ֮䱾Ӧиҡ
̧ͷҲٲţصʦ֡˵ԸСɻ飬ù̫ʦҵ곯ŵʼĩ浱ĽǷţ
ﱡȵ̧ͷ۾
۾ʱ˿һĨҹԡǳһǸ޹
Ŀ⣬ǹҹ£Ȼǰ·ڰһ˿ϣ֮⣬޵㽡
ҹ󣬵ջӭ
ﱡ޷ڵ飬ֻܵϥ£ؾصһ
ﱡж飬ġ
΢Цţʦܻġ
ǰﱡչƽ˳ۣҵԿηʦּٰĽҵǰ˺󣬻Լעаա
ﱡü̧
ѾһЦЦĵͿ͡
飬֪֮ġ
Ǿǿ׵Σգһ᲻ȥϵɽ»𺣣ϧ
΢ЦţҲʦġ
ﱡֱ̧ȭ΢ˡ
*
ص޵ʱѾһʱ
ƿţ֮ϣ˯ˡϻһûжţϵĺˮҲѾꡣ
һɫɴ£̺ӣͷ\б¶ұ߲ǵƤġǳɫĽۡ
ϣССġ
ţϢ߹ȥߣ
һɺȻ֮η
̧֣ҪѼޱߵɢ£˭֪ˡ
Ժ۾ҡ˯ˡ
֣һѰ뻳ŵë̺ʵ°Ͷͷõͳ˵˱ȥ˯ɣ쿴Ҳһġţ
ҹûкˣĻһȪһůذ棬᲻ѹ
̲סĲ˴գԺػصҰûţذա
á鱧ı˯ա
⻰˵꣬ûˡ
ͷһۣ̾һѴĶͷһ£Ҫô찡ǹȥڣ㶼Ǹɰǿǿ۵СôôɵҰѰĸۡѡڱ徸ôڶûз֡ңʵʹؼˡ
鱧طڴϣǺñӡ
صİǰš
һ㶼ݣûҪ˯ŵʱ͵֮ǰ˵ĺҪȷķ̶ֹһȥ
ŷãӻͳ۴ּ
ּת˺üȦͣסѷҿֽȡ
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ڶսӽʱ򣬼ƵתѡڴһᣬŻعԼѾ˰
֮ŮŶ롣
أŮ
Ůش𣺡һȥϳˡ
ϳ
üһʵ˯գ
Ůش𣺡ûУֻ˯һնѡ
ŶһЩֵߵױ̨ǰ£Ůǰϴ硣ɻôվȥϳˣ˵Ҫȥݻ̫
ʵ棬źڽڳʱٹҲǾðϡ
һƷְ֮λ̫֮󡢳֮͢ǰ
Ǽ㿴֮йԱһСۣĿһֱڳ֮ڡߵЩǰûעĵ
ȥֻų˰壬ͦأվڰٹ֮ǰżٲжУߵ࣬ʰ
鵭ȻЦţ΢΢ͷʾ⡣
ǰܺ硣
鿴΢΢Ƿһ񣺡ܼ̫ӵ¡
˰壬վǰһ㣬ĿʵǺˣôϳˣ
ЦҲڼҶаϧϾ̫ƽҹ˾ܲò¡
ҵģҲ
ڳ˶ͷϽһϾϾ˼ȻҪ㱨ģϳ
ϳ
񳯵Ĵһһѵӣֱж˳ǰӡ
ϳٹ٣Լĳ֮λվã
ٹվ۲Ż
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152 ̫ 
ϾҲһ䣬֮ˡ
ڳ򡪡񳯴ະ
˶¡
ݡ
, ˺۳ϣ
ա
õ
ֱֱ飺кࣿ
λ, ΢΢һݣʹŸյֶϾߴǣһձͣڹٵ, СءϾԨѾѹʹżǰֱξ, ͣ߳ǡԨһǰ, ɨϰʹǡ
۳Ƭ̣ɡ顣
ϲ
۵ȥ䷢ֽ˰ӼƬ̲õ󡣡
Ƿּ˳ȥ
ʣк
ǰһ¶ʮյĻ, ٻûжźǰȾ˷纮, Щʱո没ڼҡ΢˳֮ȥݷùź, Щءǲܸλˡ
ü⵹Ǹ¡
ƾٹϵ͢˲ѡ, źںԺ¸أΪѧʿ֮ס˴βأʵ⣬Ҫҵĺѡ, һʱҲû뵽ˡ
, ϷЦ⣬ǰһ, ȻźȾ, ̫ɵΡ
ôһ, ۵ˣ̫ȷʵС
ֻڼңòϳ
ų֮£ڳ̫δ˴λ٣飿
һƬ
̫ǰ״Ԫʮǿơ־ϳɡŻ磬ӱס۵֮ڣ˿ɱȡ
ѧʶƷۣ˲
ҪǣѾˣӲﳯ¿ƣҲܳΪټҵͽΪ
Ǿζţѡ¿ƣƷѧ˷
ĺ£˭
飬ǱôˡԺּȥּ̫빬ۿּ
ּ˳ȥ
𣿡۸һ䡣
Ӧ
⼸նûϳĳͣʵͣɲ鵽̿ټˣ
ŵô˸£Ȼ飬鱳վǰ棬·һǽһ㣬ڷ絲
˳˼ಽǰܡ̿ͣû׷鵽
ʶ顣
ףĿⲻ֪ŭ
۱˴ϵĲյͶȥŭ˵Ĳǲǲˣ
ͻæ£ߵף
˰һ£ڵſڵﱡĿҪ
Ĭԣ̫һ£Ϣŭ
ۿǰȰ裬ϡ棬²˵
󻺻Щʱһֱעܱһ£֪½ȷʵˡ۴󣬴̿ͼթµǲò顣ڻ˭ȥ£޴롣
̫ӵ˼ǣ¾ôˣˣ
ҲǲˣֻǼҲûá½
̧ͷ󣺡ڡ
֪½鵽ˣ㲻ֻͷ˲»㱨Щʱյĳɹһۡ
⻰оԼûԭء
վڳƫһƷҷӦǿ죬ͷСѳ͵½̫ӵЩʱ£ñΪû¡
ŻȻæ£԰±ɱ֮ȦűѾʼϷˡĳһϲ飬дƽѲŲ顣¥¥ջס˵ĵطѾȥˡЩʱڷᣬܲѰҵһЩ˿
ü黧ʲô
ͻصݰԣΪ̿ͺܿ򡣱һ飬ЩԱйϵ
ԽԽСȻ˳֮һСۡ
ţЩԱ۵޷Ǿ˵Ͳٲ飬ĹҲɣֱɥĲ
ɳ˶۵ϵ顣
ԣʲôˣʵ
Ƿݡ޷档꣬µһӣǰ
۹۲ı顣
ȫ̶һ²ؼģһԲһҪ͵ģ
ɱһµ治̫Ϊ
ɻɱ̫ΪɱãɱҲҪı˽λãõǷ
ɶʳ͵ʱ򣬳˵ľȻ̫ӡ
˲ö۾һЩΣ룬ͷʹзף㲻ٶ롣
ʵҲף¶붼ǲ鲻ġ
ټһ̿زסǸ̫̿ܣָʹ̿ʹɱ̫ܡôܵˣôҴɱ¹ͼȡ֮
ŭ̬ȻҪеģϾǴɱԼĶӣ
Ƕһ˦վɢ˰գ鷿
ͱ¡ڳһ񣬹Ͷۡ
˳֮ڳһתǷһ񣺡иˡ
ţһ˫£ڿΪҲ֪ڴʲô̡
̧ͷֶˡ
ЦһΪ游ͿڻֽţԼˣ
鵭ЦĻڻֽţǴҪǸġܲôǳȰһ䣬ҲҪôǡáٰʯͷԼĽš
仰ǰʾ󣬲ҪԻʺ֮͵ʴףٸԼһ¶
ֻȴ¶˵ȻЦݣǣơ
˵գ˦ȥ
ȥıӰɵ̾һ
ͬװװˡ
Ҳǣʺ󹬹ܼ֮ȨܸɫΡС͸Ըǿڹľ
Сʱ鱳һƪģڶձػᱳ顣ҲڵڶĹĲ۱ױڶҲһߥһӾʵĲøۿ
꣬ƫƫϲʱȡΪֻЦһЦд֣Ϳö۰֡
󲻷ޣƽҪñ㡣
ʵڹȥİ鿴붫һʵʩŻȨǰӾػص֣֮۹볯̲ס롪ЩճΪ̫ǻڿ£̫֮λҲδɡ
ϾոλûֱӵĹϵ
ϾСԼı޲£Ҳһ䣬֮ˡ
ֻҪЩ
ʱ˿̣ضƳ¥ĳ𣬴˼Ȼعų֮տɫĿ


153  
۾ȻȥҼ硣
̲סͷЦԳԼôô뷨, гһȨ˻ʵ۵ıϣҲձ
ʷЩƱȨ, Լ˵ʵۣø³е֣
øҵ³, ͱס
һ, еһ˿
˶ʼҸ֮ӡȴ֪, ӲӣƣĮĵط
һĨ, 鷿ȥ
鷿ǰ, ֵصﱡ
ﱡǷ, ˣ, ŵء
΢΢һЦҲ໰ֱֱ鷿
Ѿ˳һɫɴڿӽϱĿ
ĽŲ, ۾, ȷʵƣ
ݼ¡վǰ, һ
¶ƣЦ, ˡ
ۻС, µӦס
˿ɺˣ顣
ͷصʮ帮ϵѦҽҩҩ༫ãʮչ򣬱Ѿϵ߰˰ˡ̸׹ˡ
۵ͷǾͺá
ףǰһ۶յ˵ʵѦҽ޳ҡΪʲôѦӽأ
۽ӹյƵش˴յˮһڣŵѦӣվ޵Ĳͳҽ
⻰һҲȰˡ
ѦһĮϲĴҽ
ʦѦӵʦ֣ĺƷҽȵˡԴʮʦ֮ҽɽҽЩ˽䣬Լҽ⣬޶
Ѧ־þѦˣͷһ
ɼѦѦˣҲûжѦӿ
һѦϵĿ䣬ȵһ˸ǵɲ
һζۣƫСĵܵܣκ֣ҲԹУò޺ôǲͶãбΣա
ԣ󲿷˶ǾԶ֮ġ
ѦӿѼ
˵ļ󣬲˵յǮ࣬˿ҪһּҩĻǶ
ѦҪĶһϡСѸ㡣
ҪѴȥѰңֱͺܸеĻ壬һ˿Ҳ
㣬ȷҪһ㡣
Ѧǹҽ
˵ˣóöһֶȥβ
һмɻġõúãܹβҩòãǱǼӿϻȪ·Ŀ
ѦֻôһҽֶΣûҪ˵ȥˡ
ǰЩʱѦϳԵÿ࣬ͷ
ǰѶͷ۵ëѦΣһĳѦǵͥ˵­ȡ飬鶼еȡ
۵׻ϧҽҽΣҲֻѦ
Ѧеġ
鰵ĥʦҽѦҽʲôİ취
۷²豭
عӦס
αһְ
飿
΢üǾòã
ҡͷ֣òãΣֿԣ⣬ȷʵɲó
۾Ͳ˵˻ˮ㣬Ӧ֮⣬ôˡ޷۹ӹɵġ
ҲΪԼӹλãͿ۹
ףг˼ԸҹܺϳΪ˵¶
ɷԸ۹񣿡
ͷĬԣ鷿ڶʱһļž
ۼ㣬һԡ
ûӦ׿ɷ˼˼۹񡭡С¡
۵ͷ֪״㲻ٶ˵ʲôת˻ͷΣ
˶٣⻰ʵûͷûԣһʱ䣬û仰⣬Щɵػصۡɵúܺáġ
ͷӣ̲סЦָ治׻Ǽٲף
лһ£ʸۡǾʸϵˣ
֪ҪôشֻܵͷһЩɬģصܺá
ˮأһ䣬ȴѵõºϷŰ
֪۴ͻʱҲʵΣôش𣬶ǲ׸˰ˡ
صŷϽ£
⻰Цòãⳡ滰ֻʵٿͷɣ
ײһ޷ı顣
۵ˮЩ̫ʦ֪һЩ˺ӣĸףͲˡ
ȿȡ
һӡʶʱ˼ɿĻ棬鶯һõ飬뼾Ĺϵûô򵥡
Ҳӣǿѹ˱ԣ뼾˯һŴϣת࣬Ǹ¶
˵ĸңͰģµŮЩԸ
ȣæǰĵ˺ҪҪūȥҽ
֣¡
ۼƲ̫˵Ժ飬Цһ游һ𣬰һաһͬ磬Σ
ʳԼ磬鵽ûʲôǼӲر»ƣ
һڴģǲһԼûƴǣȥ֪ͨ
*
Ÿոϴ꣬򶫱Ѿһ·Сܣվ˵˶۵ּ⡣
硣
۾Ȼȥҵļ磡
ϳҧ´һ޷˵ĲȻͷ
˻񣬻صҸ¡
˳ȥ
ѡһɫѣŮװͭӺݻԼиһ˿ģ۾˸ؿڣŻ⡣
һ·ϣ߬䣬أĿһ۾գգһ¡
ԳѪһİ𺡣
ڷͣ£򶫵ˡǰȥˡ
գһ۾عһɺӣķ
򶫴һӣͷǱ¸ŵġ
ˣ߹ȥ
ûпһ򶫴Ľӣŷǰĳһһλݡ
򶫼ԸӣЩ죬ȴҲ˵ʲôֻܸʹɫȥ顣
մͿԼվڽţҪ
ס̫ס游һȥȥ


154  
˴ңΪΣ
õӦ, Ƿ뿪ţʵ£
Ѽӵ, ȥˡ
ͷⲽﰵԴһ, ׼Ŷ۵ȥﱡ, е
ﱡ, ߵɫȥա
Ȼ飬΢΢Ƿ¡
߽ѹ𣿡
ﱡȻ̧û뵽ʵ⣬һʱ, Щľګ, ֪Ҫôش
ȥ, ﱡʦ, һ˵𣿡
ﱡü֪鵽˵ʲô
˵ĵֻ顣
ͷ, ʵ˵, ˵ޱ𣿡
ﱡ˵ʱ, ʶؿ˿, ȷΧû֮, ˼ãŻصһǸ޷ˡ˵ңޱ¡Ǽٵġ
̾һаȻ
ܾӣĸסͳߣΪԹޡ
ʱ˿̵ʲô
һμĸףα֣

᲻Ҫɱĸף
ֵ֣ɱֱۣ練ƣδƴҲһܱסۡ
ͷԺвϷڡ
⣬ѹֲסԼĵķŭѹƲסԼĺޣֱһּ򵥴ֱķ˽ĸ֮ǣ
鳤̾һЦһ
ʲôʱȻҲʼΪԼҽˣ
ʵ֪ӦΪ
ôأ
ҷԸʱƵ
һ֪꣬ҪڱصãҲ뾡¸ˡ׵͹Ȩ˵ɱ
һ̣Ǹվڸߴ֮ǰˣɢɱ¾֮⣬޷ġ
Ĵһ˿ϣİɣ
ȻҲѡһվ̶ںڵ
˼ɵİɣ
ȻҲðΣգ޽
û
ȲҪҪ֪ı飬Ҫ˵˵Ҫ֪ڽ߾ȫذɣҪ顣
ֻ΢΢ףԥƬ̣ͷҲصŷŵķ첽ȥ
ʱǽŴ
һɫۣϣ·һԡѪˣʾϱ
кݺһ¡
ȥ
վֱӣ
Ϊβӣ鿪ڡ
롣ش
ӲʣسǿҪ߹ȥסֻ΢΢һ£Ϳ΢΢һ
һٶ
˼̧ͷ龫µȻʵӲʣͲóǿˡʰ£б·𣿡
Ҳ֪Ϊʲôûκ̵ʳôһ仰
ɿԶһڽĸڣһаϮȫʧȥǡ
ڳֻʵб·𣿡
ż۾й⣬ʪĹ⡣ִҪԼߵ۵ǰΪǵĶ
ԼΪļ磬Ҳ
۾Ȼ
ǰһԼ֣ͬһ𡣡
Ȼ۾ϣйš
֪Ϊʲô֪ʲô绪ϣһ˫ޱȼᶨ
ã֪ʵݡ
Ϊ֪ŻڻعʱûаۺõĲС
̫ʦѯ˳ŵ顣
汱徸ڳµȡǵҫߵ
ҪţͱѰһԲ̫ӵ
飬ǰΪ˳ȥߵĻӣϣ
ĸ˵޶ۣ̫ӡ
ǰӣȴ޲ɡب֮ģѪȨ޷ԽĽᡣ
֣ʶҪӡ
Ѿˡ
ߵǰǣ֣߲ˣҿԱ㣬һ𡣡
Һءü
ܵ𡣡Цұա
һԵӰŶλ˺˵·Ӧôߵ⣬ȴֲǡ
վŲ鱳ȥϥ£
ü֮ˣҪң
һԡͷ
Щɣģɺͳġ
ôƻµüע⣬ֱӰԼϡ
飡ѹˣ
鱳żվ㲻ӵģֻұˡ
Ͳ֪ԼӦô죬ȷʵ߲ȥֻ˶۵Ķѡͷıϡ
̴Ŀɿڴǰקק򶫵ӣͷݵĳ
򶫺ݺݵصһۣﰵһ֪ĳأźúõؽӲҪӱ
򶫣
ǰȭӣ
ǰ濪Ѓ̡Ůڱá͵ߣһȱУбһ̴ӣͲοͬ
⻰һ˭Ҷԣ
ˣǰ󿪵
еĹŮ̶ѹǽڣ˸ҳҲ˸̧ͷ͵һۡ
ż빬ĳ֮ϡ
ͷտ򣬶΢΢磬ǲ԰ʯȨɽӡţ޷ǣֲվҲҪһƺɽۡ
顭
Щʣѹͷһаһһĵɢȥ
͵Ӧһţ
ΪҪ˴ң
ѾһӦе̬ȡ
ݸһЦôû㲻֪¶²£ΪΣ
ĬƬ̣˷˵Ļ̽ʵΪΣ
վ˲ӣǰˡ
͵ײıϣһ
΢΢Ŀˡ
̧ͷǰл԰ľʢӰ֮¥֡£ıæ
鿿ȥչƽ½ǣʵѵ˶ãͼʲôͼʲôͼʲôһ̼ͼʲôأЩۼߵˣΪĳֲɸ˵ĿģŻΪãΪ㵣𣿡
⻰ʵüƿԡ
鿿ѷϵĲҡ
ﱡ˶۵ĿͣѰ顣ճ˴㿴ͷ＾ͷϵĲҡ
һʱؿһֵʹ˲ȫ
ⱾӦ飬ȴֻؿűˣΪޡ
һص¡롣


155 ˵ 
лֱ˵
, ӲԾ΢΢һ¡˳żֵķȥȻȻذֹС΢Цתͷﱡ֪ˡ
Ŀȥ߰ɡ
ʶҪ, ȴקס, ̧ͷﱡ
ֻܸ, ǣţͷﱡ߹
ﱡһ, ·ǵͷҿ
¶࿴һۣͻ˿аĽ㺡
ܰվ
ǣż
һ磬ֻĸˡ, , 뼾
ۼ밲Яֶ, ɵЦ´Űģϱ, ȴƲϾϾ˭վߣ޷Խȥ
밲뼾һ
̧֣ϯ
żҲ࣬һ˹, ˫ַ, ؿŶ뼾
̫ƣ̧, Լһ
ջؿĿ, ȭصϳ, òˡ
۵ͷ㿴顣
æ븸ˡ
صͷĿ˼ϣЦʵأ
Ŷۣ˼ӿԣͷһڲ裬׻㡣
عŹ˷ŶĻ¶ǳЦо仰֪
һȻЦݣﾻɱ֮⡣ʵɣȴҲʵһ
鵱ְס֣ȴ׼Ų˿ץ˸ա
żþ棬Сӵ˵˵ѵġ̫밲棬Ҫֱӽ
˵աǼ磬þ˵Щġ۷ӡ
죬üۣѾʼģҪӵĻ
֪ͷЩиơҽҲ֪ĵȻö˵޷Ҫ߶߶ˡƶòҲա鶹һġ
ֻһ㶣۾ļ
һаģ˵ܻ䣺ǰڼҵʱҲȰġȻТΪȣ֪кȴȰοⲻТʲô£Ҳ̰ʱ򣬿ÿÿ̰֮к󱨣öʹ˼ˣܾòסԶҲȰ£Ҳġ
궼ûʵһ˵ģȴǲ֪Ϊ˶۵Ļġ
ֻһ㶣Ц
ָż⻰ȴġ¼ǵδ޵ʱҲ˵ġһǿʶҰӣ
죺⻰˵ضɲҰˣҰӣǶμ޵õ£رҲ֪һТ֮ŮŰѶ˵°ɣ
˵ż飬һ죬գĴ۾Ƶҡĸ첲˵ǲѽ
鱻Ƥģסˣһʱ䲻֪ӦôӦļ˵ģƻЩӣȴֿɰ
һġԲ
šƻȻ䣬ķײദȻֹͣȻ
죬ͷһĨΣĶԡ
ѵÿ麦ߵģͷʸһѩףϼƶůޱȣȴ־¡
һЦһݡ֪Ϊôˡ
ЦۣԱ£ƻ˰ɡ
Щѵôĵʱ˴ҴТżһȴӻ˲綼¶
ˣļһ
ף΢΢ЦţҲⷬˡ
ͷ죬ʱģ
Ѿ޵ĳŮһӣȴᷳ
ÿһ˶ΪǸŮӻһЦ
һϯǶԵֵһٷ
żһĳһֵ⣬ʵ̫ſڽࡣҲʱʱһЩоЦλָЦƤ
ģȴʲô֮Ůӣֻչ֡
˹
ſﱡʱʱشЦŭȻЩ㱡
Լվ˱徸ǰǸ꣬׷űļȡ
͵мȡ
岻ģҲǲǸﱡ˵ﱡϣ˫Խﱡȥץ
ﱡһƣȻá
ﴫ徽ŭԼʦĸЦ
ֱУﱡﱡͽ˷ã±𣬲ץסĲݡ
ͯʱʱЩЦлݡ
Цײۣײվסһߵ
űϣ˹Ͷȥݡ
żȥϽӡ
԰ʱʻ飬ʵƼȥٵ㣿
ͷ游ѧʶٹĿá
üźֲΣΪ
ЦźԼ
ʼ⸱ģҪٸߣȴκûнߣֻա
û˵ңǲӦġʸֶС
ƺԤʻ仰׼˵ǣϵź̫ӵˣҲϣ̫ӵֻԡ˶ѡ
Цˣ㵹ǳʵ
£ЩҲҲˡһˣ㲻̫Ӽֶθų͢ѡˡүүƾ٣˲ţҲΪѰЩв֮һֻǲҷѣ롣
⻰˵ãһ
Щƾ֮£Ҳжš
ʵͷ֪ˡȻǱ˼ȥģұˡ
Ӳ˵ѣƷԣһֱǷĵġȻڻˣһЩСֶγ£ĿǺõġ
ϴٸýߴ֮ԼҲ𣬵ԼǲЩ
Ȩı֮еĻӣûһЩֶ˼Ҳ̫á
̫ӣǽƾͼơԻʺ飬ǾȡʼնԱδ֡
ΣʲûиƽźΪʲôȻȾ⡣
뼾̫˼粢磬ŹǰС
ߵƤƣ֮ɫ֡
Ŀ벻㻹ôһ׺˵ı¡
ص۳Ůĳ㡣ӹţңҲǶ۹߻һλʴӱʫ飬ȴˮûʲôϲЩỰ붫۶졣ֻҪӣѧɣ޲ϲ
ԭˣ׵ϲ볤顣ͷֱֲӺĶۿ
ʵʵǣΪʲôҪô


156 ϰ 
̫ģʧ˾ġ
, ûбҪһҪöϲôˣܸоʲôĿġ͸һҪѹӵݷųһ, Ųɸ˵ܡ
Ůӵʲôס
Ź, ķߡĽݾ
ù, ׼ذ෿ĴСԱ
˿뼾Ƿ, ̸һ򶫴żߣԼں汻ٹٲס
ϵ˺һ󣬲ŵȵϳ
üôã
£һڲŵҽα飬۹ЩӦһЩ, ̽ڷ硣
顭
ʵһ㶼ȶαһְ, ȵ, ְλˣҲûбҪô̽ڷ硣
ҷЩ, ̫ӵɢˣһ˳ӵģ֮ڶ
⡭Щԣ
ƺҲ⣬֮, ɫ𽥱
ʻȸ, 뼾ţɫ
νһֹںгĹΧ
֮ǰһǴһľ˵, ϳ
˶ڳ˼Ե, ֧߳ѽʻ·̯к֮, 
ȻһͷųصͷΣŷĹװȥ֮ıǸӵ·棬ͷϵĽ׹ͷƤۣòȥַͷڡ
״סӣݳ򶫣·ߣ֪·ߣ
򶫵ؽ绹úõأô˰ʯש˼顣°գξͺˡ
§żȻͷժ˰ɡ
ػصûдôӵͷΣһҪ³װȥˡǹ͵ģժˣһ´ÿ»鷳
üαСġ
˵䣬Ѿָƽȣ黳˳һߡְ˹ȥ
ȻֲɱĻ䣬̾һ֪ˡ
ü
ûоã˵Ҫ֮ķֱõ˵
˼Ƭ̣ص˼ǣǳá󹬻ҵ۹
ͷ֮ǰʷ²ͱͼıٻرݴʷѯ飬ݴʷǳ֮ʡ
鿴Ժ鷿¼Ȼ֪Щʷ˵Щʲô
鲻ÿɷ񣺡Щʷ˵Ķʵ
ֵǰЩʱüƣǿոھϣӮһƬ
Ȼð
˵սȻûȥǰں˭ңһصڽǰسҲǲ¶ɫعάɣ
ôһ˵ŷһֱǻͷĹζˡ
ȷ缾ԣúһߵջĻӶԣĲʲô¡
̫ģʧ˾ģ̇˵𣿡
ͷʥͽԵߵ£ڱУ˵ġ֮ġ֮ģڱ̫Ӳԣһ̫һ̨һҪԸ˭ͲԶ˰ɡ
Ц
ǿЦ̫һ㣬áڵʥ֮ϣҲáЩӼ˷ġ
ͷΪѣϾ˰﷦ζľڽӪ֮ǰڲɽѧ
˵ӵ飬˵ûʱȥһЩӵ顣
ѡ֮ǰƽ֪Щ࣬ûлȥѧϰȺã˸뵽ʲôȻ˺ΣףһͼӰЧԡ
˱飬ɵ£˵
ͷС˵ҵ߱ûڵ֮ʱһЩ˽ġõҥԡ
ʱҥԡã˵Ǹҥʲô
кΣ˵ʱ̫ڹųйϲл
ͷҿ顣
ЦȴЦҥģҲȥ˱֮ƽϢˡɲô˵е㲻Ⱥãĸ׸İɣ
죬һ˵Ŀ࣬æʵ֮Ҳԣ̰ɫҲС̻¥ݣϷԺӽǺȥ
鿴ϾȻһģʱ¡
õͷһ˵ŮӻȰԼķȥֵط
С̧ͷգգ۾ûȥĨӡʮ壬Щ³ĳ͡
㣡ѹƹȥ
òؿųڣæʵȻ»ʲôͼӰķ𣿡
鶢żá
ȷʵ̰ɫŮһĶϰҲֲȱʼӵܣ˴ŵĶϰ
Щʮһֱʷ̨΄ӣΪΪŵʼ𣿿ĸȴδ
뵽ȻЩֿЩΪͷ̾һЩ꣬ʮҲװ
ֹǲףҲûбö١һٳֻΪ̫ֶѡҪڳ飬ֻðǰ档£Ҳ̫ʮ壬Ϊǹͬĵֻһ
ڵֿ鿴
ףЩ⡣
ͷٶʡ
֮缾ԣȷʵҪһЩ۵ԼķâͷȻ뵽ʲôż۵Ц⡣
*
صѾ磬Щ񲻼ã۾һ·ֱ߲æȥСһ᣿
ͷҲ˵
ԼЩ꣬þû˵ô໰ˣٶˮЩڸ
ģúЦȥԼ鷿
ս鷿һܱ
½󣬽ӹܱģ
ͷ
ɨһۣ뼾ոǷϢܱ࣬˵ʹϾϮ顣
鲻ɵа̾ϢǼе졣
ߵǰʡ
Ҫţȥĥī
ʣȴٳ֮ڷ贫һ¡ŮΪµļ
ɵñʸīӡ
ҪҪ¡ֳһ׼
Ƭ̣ǾѶ׼ͻҳΪ
մ˵īʼдš
ûһſŶ룬Ƿͩдġ
һЦţϸϸؿ


157 ˼ 
̫ղʿ
ŴҪ˵Ͼܵ, ԨӦ죬ʹŰȫϱֹŵơ
ȰϵĻд, ͳȥ, ſʼͩš
ǰĴϵǷ, ˵Ѿڳ˱յһıͻᵽ߳, ֳһЩʱա
дƵʱԥƬ̣ϸڣֻǸָͩĲѾϳ׼죬αһְ
ͩ¸ͻľ֪Ϣ֮, Щ׼
ī, ֽ˼۷ŷｻ, ͳȥ
*
СʱˣǰѲϢϢ껹ûü, ˱ڴ֮ϣĿ
һҩֿſ, , Ų۾
ˣʡ
ֵͷ, , Ŀ, һ
֣ͷȥֵ֣ôˣ
ֵ󶯶ҶʾѾõĲˡ
ˣʡ
һ
ʱ۾һŭ⣺´ˣһҪ֪֣𣿡
ּ˳صͷ
Žޱֹƿš
߹ȥַļϣ޵ģһǰ
һƿţڴͷĿе˼ƣֻҪ۾һ˵˳˼֮С
ҲҩڴͷİϣȻԹԵÿǣ鿴ȡ
ĽƳֳϣѪҺͨ״һ̾ӣȻЯСóҩƣһЩϣȻżȡ
ȻۣǵƬ顢
Ǵӽʼ۵˼·
ʼĺƷСǳ̸һ֮󣬱ֵ
ھӪװ˶Ŀȥɽǧ׼͵Ϯ֮¡
֡ī
üƽȡ˹ˮ̫鱱ͱͼı͵Ϯɹո°Ԩѹ̫ӵĹԡ
μӹԻʺĺ󹬹֮Ȩõӡ
ٺˮ飬ϴӹʱ⵽˴ɱɱ֮ǰֵɱɱͬһˡ
īʵݣڹң鲻֪
ĺƷõ£ûȫվ籾ߡֱӸ̫ʦ鳯¼̫ʦԾܾ
ԣҪ¼ǱȰ̫ӴȨλקЩ̫ӳµˣһЩ˼ɡ
Ҫ̫קҪЩܵʲô£Żø׷ɱһ³
ֻҪס˹İѱ̫ûе̨Ҳƹ³곯ϸڡ
̫Ӷɾط¼㣬ֻҪκһ£õ¼Կס
̣Ҷƺ̫ΪΪ˸֮֮̿Ȩ
̫Ӻ֪ôһ㣬ڶվϻ޹أڳһ֮Ȱ˵۲Ҫϳͳ͡
̫֮ǰ̱ģǲ
ңԻʺڵԼҲĬ
Իʺڳ˴̫֮ӵȻһ㡣
аûаɱǼû˳ˮ۵侮ʯⲻԸ
ǡȰ
˭ȰסǸõ̫أ
üֲԾסͷЩʱڲϢ󿴹ϢԷɿٶвϵ֡
ӲϢϢҲκ̫ԭ
ⲻܡ
Ϣ󲻿©ôҪϢ
ȻڼʱΪһŲûͷŻŶ
͵۾һɵؿ·첽Ϣӡ
ӣʼǷ򿪵ûпš
һŷţȲش򿪡
ϼصƺһӵ顪һҷǳ˽ӲٶѧˡǼ˽ӵʦ鷨ңѧʺãҲǶһɡǸʮȴ򡭡
ȷʵһε顣
ȻҲܱϢ󵱳Ϣд͸
Ƿţߵ¡
Ȼǰһ˲͸һ͢ϢϺšǰʱ䣬ղʿղʿ
鿴ûйӷʱ޼
Ѳλ˽ߵıʿղʿղʿ
һϵıߣΪǸ˸Ľ飬ں֮٣
鱻ɱ³Ǹ˵ײߣǺľҪСĵĲˡ
ղʿ˼ȷʵСԾƶʱסн·
Ǹ˽ʲôţ

ϣĻҲδ֪˼ǿ϶ڻܲ鵽ɣ

뵽̾һóȻҹˣùɡ
Բ̫ղʿ˵ʵݣҪϢȥ顣
سһòһЩ˼·
šɱǼ̫ӣǻ˭أ
Уо޴ƸֿǴʹͩ
ǱͶʯ·ûнлɣҲȷ֤ݡ
黹Ҫֻͷ֪֡û˿԰æֻͷԶһЩҲδ֪
뵽˼·˺ܶࡣ
ſ۾ע⵽ڸͨϵľ硣һжЦˣѽ
ûصһۣȾԼ𣿡
ˡ˵
Ӧһ֪
ҡûĽӡͷԲ𡣡
죺Ҳܳ˵Ķ
οһЩ꣬ռ֪ħִš
ִţȰġ
㣬̧ڰôģﻰ
죬Щ˵ȴֲ˵䣺ãݣӡ𣿡
üĬ
ԼȣҾãҺãΪ¶ҵݣãֻ涫ֲ˵ϲҡ㲻ϰɣкøжѡӣͲӦôࡣպǳ¡ҵִȥҵĺãҽܣǲҿԭ¡
̾һֻһ䣬ͻô䡣Щ˵ң˵Լһ㡣
ͷԼȡ
俴ȥһֵӣʵ˼ϸ塣
ܲЩϲġ
ϣʱʱ̵̿żϲ
߼ϲǱǿƲסĻϲôǼᶨվΪϲ١
±ǵ㲻ڸϵЩӣ鷣Ҷлԡ


158 ˮ 
Ҿֻõһ˵ĵü¼
Ҷлԣ΢һ, ǰЩʱվȥŮӣΪʲôҶлԣ
صΪҶлԶԲѷ
ȵ۾ΪȥΪҶл龹ڸﴦҶл, ȥҵ
ȴȻڸе
һ, Ҳǰŭ
ֹ֮ȥλǵ޵Ȼ˵ֻȥһ, Ҿв֮ӡ
⻰ȴЦˣ˵ȥһǱӦȥһˡǼ, ǶѡģǶ۵ˡҶлԵĸǹɣλߡȻҲǽһЩЩ˵Ƕ۵ˣǲܳΪĵΪҪ͸ǵŮһأȥһǶЩ˼Ķˡ, õġ
Ȼ, ֮ǰһֱ¼ܹ, Ҳ͡䱾һ״뼾ȷǴûлɹġ
аϲ, ôĪΣ
˵֮䣬ȴŶ롣
ˣ㲻ȥ鰾ҩ, ˳޵
ڴ, Ĵ齣, ֪ˡ
ôˣʡ
, ˮˡ
ˮˣһ, ĸط
ף΢ǳȥĻԱĲἯ
ȫˣ
ҡͷҸսӵϢ׼ȥͬ˵һҪȥˡ
飡ס䣬ǲ鵽ʲôĪ
˷·ʲôǹͨһ㣬֪Ҳ֪˵
ֵ֪İɣ岻úϢšҶлԵ˵𣿡
ͷ
дŮһٱ飬Ŀ֮£÷ˣԸ˵ͣˡ
ţҲֻСͣȥ㣬ʡġ飬ȥգȥأָһȥɱǺõġ
ͷ±İȫȥ˵
˵˳˰
ȥ·ϣͶʯ·һУʶˡ
֪ɱǸ̿ͣǹԱģǱ佫ġȻǰЩʱղٲʱ򣬱ôûʧ
Ȼܹʶߣʿɱ֮󣬳֮ܵ͢õôˣô
뵽Ȼһ£漴סؿڡ
ʵҲûϵȻôżƲϵǸһֱںڰĲٿ߱¶˳
˼ţ㵽˽ڹ֮Ĺ
Ƕ۹Աǰ칫ĵطڴˡ
ʱ˿ĻѾ𣬵ſȻΧԱָָ㡣
ֱӵ˹㳡˿֪˿϶顣
׷ױá
ֱӽ
ֻĶϽǻк𡣾׸㣬õ̴ӣڿֳ
ǰȥҪȴǰڰֱʵΣ
æԼѾ쵽㱨飺£ԭⷿ𡣴ԼǿŹŵʱ÷紩˻磬ϵĲĻ֡
ʣջٵľأ
ڱѯʣǰص£ж굽Աĵᣬȫջˡ
üûбݣ
ҡͷûбˡҪָεᣬҪȥطȥȥ浵ϡٵľ̫࣬һʱ겻ɵġ
ͷƺա㲻ٶʲô˦뿪
һ£׷뿪
ȥȥȥͻҩռã˻ˡ
ûűʣϷֽͷ׼дЩʲôôͻˡ
±ʣǺϵ̺ӣ˵
ů֮ϣ˼
ûҪ˵ʲô㲻ԹԵʣдš
һҩݸ飬ӹҩһں£뻹䡣
֮󣬵¾Ͳٺҩˡ붯ҪЩʱջظ
ͷʾ֪ˡ
ʶȤ˳ȥ
ϢܲܲЩĹԱεʼ
ͷҲû̧˵¼ԱβӣϢ϶еġֻǲ֪Ҫʲôʱ𡣡
ж굽ģߵġ˼ΧСһЩ
üѸдŵȥɣȻ֣մЩˮд˼֣˵ʵҾãֻһ˵ĵξˡΪأ
̧д˵֣һ𣬳Ĭ
Ͷʯ·ĽһӦ֪ˡţ˴ŷˣҪһˡ
ΪΣ
ЦӼ飬»ǲҪ˰ɣ
˼صʱ̫̣Իδܰŷɾ
Ц۾ģҪøϻûиɾʱȥ¡Ȼô֪ҳأ
ڲʲôĲܸңЩá
ͷҲǲܸ㣬ֻԼҲ̫ϸڣһжǲ²⣬ðȻ˵ǣǺûӡҽճȥ⣬Ӧÿ߳³ɣ㡪Ҹ飬㸺͢顣˼档
֪ǲ̫ණӰ˼·
ȷеϢ֪Ҳãֻͼհˡ
ֵҲӱλáҲҪ֪۵⡣
׵˼Բˣ۹ɻүүڵʱδɵ¡ʵ鲻̫˵ǱϾĸס
ӻʵâ̫ʢԸһְֵλ֮ǰıոȥ˰Ĺ򣬶ڱ߾ӣһٳ鸽ս֡α֮𣬵ǰҪȻƽˣЩһֱٱУջϷԴأ׮׮ҪıġĸףϣλʱԾԵʵƺ̫ӵԵͳɡ˵ףΪԼ
Ǹλϣ˭ΪԼأȻԸϣʵ
ԣڱλ°ս֮ţҲ츣һ£ֶΪأ
һ˱λϣ൱ڰԼϡҪǲʿǳԣ˵ļɡ
Ҳ˵֮ǰո˽Դ͵Ϯǵ齫Զ֡
ʣµսۣǱӲӲĶԾ


159 춯 
岦˸ǡ
Щǵʵ, δؾǰԹˡЩϢ˲ϢЩ뷨Ȱǰ鴦, ұһꡣ
鱾û, ɼ˵, ŵı
ۺʱֻҪ˵, оһůЦЦˣ򸴺󣿡
һ죬ů죬֪Ҫνȥ⻰
ʱ, ֿ, ˡ
һóӦľ, һҪվ
κȴԽľ, Щģֻüǳ̾һ
ֻǶ˶ɫ԰, ֪Ų, ǰȥͱȥ, ӺЩȥҲһ, һʱ
ԿЦ, ԼȲ֪վ߲ˣβأ
վԼԼ粻ϾҪлˣΪ̫δ˴ο٣ȥźҩ˿˺֢״ڼֻǡ
ЩʱղϢϢ˼Ҫˣ֪˼֪Ȼвţɲ㡣
΢Уӻ
һ߸OO@@ػ·һߵȻԨ֮ӡǱǿпģȲܻؼҸžۣҲܼ̳иҵξ̡˿ƾ٣û·ټǰʱ䣬ϳŶͷ̨
˵＾Ĭˡ
Ȼһ顣
ǵġ˶ֵһ֮ߣͬ
磬Ӱбµ߸Ǳ컯ǣңֵܻŵġ𣿡
ϵͷͶӰ֪ʲôʱʼܾ˵໰ָ
ȥ鷿׼αˡȥСġ
һС˵·߳磬˫£ڹ
ҹɫ𽥱ңɫ¹봰ϣӳϾһ
Щܾ
һ룬Ȼ̽ͷ­ͷʹѡһ˲䣬ʶȻʧȥ
󾪣һԾߣס
ôˣ
ͷҪȥ䡣
ȴס䣬𡭡
ذס̫Ѩ䡣
£㡭ʵһֱҽȵ˲һֱ㣿
ˣڲϸϸ룬ʱּϰԵߵʱҲлŵģվš
Ӻ𣿡´żȷʵ̫һĸо
ҡҳˡæվƵس
黺վżӰЩǣ
׶ȴ齻顣
ü˸Űİȫ
΢΢һ㶣ȴҲûжʣֻӦһ˳ȥ
*
ϴһС˵ģֳ˰βͬǣĺһ⳵
Щȣ֡
ƺ֪ڿһ㣬ͷҲصؽ͵ʦҪ󡣡
Ҫ󣬼һûоܾĵӣֻܸһݳ
ӲߴĳȻҲûڳﲻЩӵ
ֱĿ
ԼȣҲһֱ䵣ģпյʱҲԼһȡ
Ȼſ۾һֱעڶļɱ
ټ飺ôˣ
ֵĶһֱ΢üһġ塣
壿˵ʲô
岨ˣڸǵĳֶãȻҹֵȻӡ
Ȼ֪γһ·û뵽־Ȼ岨˸ǡ
ȷ𣿡ʡ
ֵͷ˴Լһӣÿһ˵ѵʽǲһģǸǵϢŲǲһġֻϢһֱǣûʧ
ֶ˶٣һŲᣬϢҲ΢һԼŮӡӦǵġһϢŲڰӦ˸ˡʣ顭
΢һ飬ʵڲ²ˡ

ȻϢŲ۾ϸǣһӡ
Ѿֿ׷ΪֿܿѾ³ݡɱϢпֿɱڡ
Դ˵ɵйֿ֮мֽ䱸
˼⣬ֿܾʮ꣬ˤԼȣֻΪ˳̫ӵᣬϢ
ⰲţôĿ֮ˤô˳
֪ΪʲôͷڼǻáкǼᶨֿǼˤ
ǣʹѦӣѦ˵ֿȷʵˡ
ʶԼȣĵѵֿǺˣɣֿȻһȡ
蹫ӣˡ
⳵ͣ˼˼
ȻѼ
̧ǰǰΧһĺӡӡ
֮Գ֮ΪӣΪϣҹҹϸ衣һȥڵĺϣƹ⣬ӿӵ׺ʡ
Ƶĵƹ⣬ӳںϣһӲӵĻƽ˿Ȼӵĳƺ
Щ׺ڡƽ˿ϵĵƹ⣬һһ
дСĸߴ㣬Сֻһ㡣
뼾һӱߣֵ۾һֱСؽ䱸İϢķ򡣼ߵͷϣȴ
ܿһĻ򰶱߻
֮ϣ޵Ůվڻر衣欵ŵ£ǼҲѡ
Ŀתһֱǰûע⻭ϵЩ˶Ů
֮ϣһ޵Ůӣ֫һ㣬΢΢Ƿ蹫ӣ׼ˡ
ûпȴһżٰС˵ļ˻
˻֮󣬻ΧɴŮؽ뻭ӺӰϿȥԼӰ´¡Ůӳɴ֮ϣ˺Ӱϸٶˡ
ͷô죿ӰϲӰ֮ĺ˽ʡ
Ϊ׵ӵǳ࣬żϵһ˵ֻǶǸ˵Ķ򣬲û顣Ϊ˷ֹǸ٣ѡӡǸȥҲܲºӣš
ǡ˵գӰԾżڵĻƽ


160 ̽· 
򼾸Ҳ
֮, һֱڼߣüϸΧϸ
ȴǿŵ, һϷŰ΢Ц£, һѾ
ڼ, ΢΢Ƿ̧ʱ, ¶ò
ӣȻ͹ˮһģһ
˵ЦˡǸŮһ¡
ǸǱôãλã˹ŶŵŮӣЩǸЦš
ŮӼ, Ǿֵ΢΢Ƿ, ǹӷߵһ, ãҲԹ
ӡ
ү
֮ϵŮӶ¥, Ծһߣ
Ҳڰ
룬⡣
ΪھӪټļҵ, ͲԹˡ
յһɫɴ, Ų֯ɵİɫۣīɫͷһں, ֻͷɴ߶Ĳҡ
¥ݵķ, ۾, һ˯ʵӡ
ƽǰ㴩Ĺƽմϣʱ˵СӡСëСīжϡ
Ǹ˯𣿡ɢװ磬ʵ
ڼֱ߰ͷһֱæʱſš빫Ӽڻ飬Ȼ˳Ϣˡ
Լţһɢӵӡ
࿴ģʱͷ࣬ΧŮҲĵ͵롣
Щ˳ŮĿ⿴ȥ
ȷʵֻһֿƮݡҫ֮£Ҳ޷˵
ֻǼߣ־Ƥǣٿӣˡ
̾ǻˮ
Ѿκ˵Ƥˡ
һ裬ʵµĶ𣿡
һֱԼߵ֣ͷӦøˣֻǲǹˡ
ô˵ʱҲʶɴ֮ĺ棺Ҫҵ𣿡
ҡͷӦòдĶϾǶҪȷϰˣ˭ࡣ
Ӧӡ
һذסա˵
ͷǡ
ӣüҿԸһؼ֮Ĺϵ𣿡
˼ش𣺡϶⣬ҵĹϵա
ЩʧӦ£á
ޱȽԸôͱ¶ҪΣա
ϾǸɱ顢˲ֲӲһҲˡ
뵽תͷ֣Σ
üˮԶԶظš
ѹʣûմɱ֮˵Ϣ
ҡͷ
վ࣬ȥ·
༫ǰѼһ˶¥뵽Щģվֵʵ
ֻص޷˸š
*
ż˶¥һľ롣
ࡣȻڡ
̧ͷӡ
ϢҵܵϢ𣿡ߵ¥ǰϹҵ·
죺ûС
⿪̾һʮǰֵ̫\\ʵ۲֮ʱ߾ɢʱ򣬲ꡣҪ׷ܵܵټѣ㲻Ҫż
ǡǰ＾£ǽģϢϰңұ֪ˡô꣬Ҳպȥ˻Ȫ·ĸҲˡ
İɣתסѾϢܵܵ顭ҪˣҪʬһȴԸ
˲ɺ죬ͷ΢ᡣ
ݺݵػס֣лӡ
飬˵һذض䱸ʵʵ˵ãպݻ
Ӧһ
ϹӼװװ硣
һ£ͷ˫޵ͷֻһԺһѽȣһ湫ӵģ
ǻ˼֮ǰ·Сˡ
¥ʱѾ׼Σȥú̺ӸסȡƬ̺󣬻Ѿˡ
ż˻ͣһǵߣİǽ
ǽб£׾ٵر
ΧټˣһĹӴӻһ㶡
ʣͷҪȥ̽𣿡
ͷĺ˶ȿȥ￴ŰҴ˸ȥ
ǡ˵ͷ
Ȼ󼸵ӰҹĻУһ·׷żȥ
һᣬִżٰС˵ӻг⳵ȥ
ǼӰһ·׷żصȦȻλСӣȥˡ
˾ȣڻʼȪйΧȻȻôһ
вɵɣסĵʲôˣ
ͷĺ˰˿صˣԼأķȥ
*
ӣˡͷĺ˵ϥڹǰ㱨˷ſһС
΢УȪйϵļ֪ˣȥɡ
ȥȴǱ۾йȪйլӵϢԴӽ˻ڻ˾ֵϳĸۡġ
кûʲô¹ռйϵլӿԽȪǮơһĹԱҲ𡣡ôҲ벻˭ֻȥʻ£լӵǼں¡
ڶգȥʻ
ǰػլһλмĹ
ˣЩȡ
ڻۡⲽа֣ڶ걱Ľţôܵȴˣ
˵ͨ
λмĹӣǺηʥ
Ѿ깥£ͣҲûЧĶܵ飬ǣƹҪ
߹˼⡣
ſȴһ磬ַǷ
ѡ⴦լӣȡźƫƧ
ڵļſڣһ
Щװµӣһġ
Ĺܼƽһ翴ôͣڼſڣҲǷѽ⡣
һװŹܼұȭһ񣬵񵥣˵ǼǨ񣬻¡
ƽλľٵͷ㵵ؽӹ񵥣ֻϾһЩҩڼаڷŵĹֻ
ʮ
ƽδ̣Щ͵⡢λԵȣȥǼҹӡ
ǡףվ
ƽæȥۼķţӣ񡣡


161  
š
, ·ƽ˵вɵþ, ӹ񵥣ȥ
, п۶˵ǲƴ֡ĺƷҽϡȱҩ, ˶ܳŪ
߲ƣб
Щ벻, ˺ݼӼĵ˭
ǹЩҪҲҪˡ
˼񵥣󣬺Ȼ񵥵Ȼǰ飡
ʱ, ˼ſڡ
ſСͨ˵µ, ʱԺ, ֪«ʲôҩ
üð
Сһ·Сܵſڻػ, ΢΢һЦ˦һ˼
ڴ˰˴, һ, 㶼˳ȥ
͡
ɫ, һҹӵװ, ױ, Ӣʮ㣬ʱúЦЦ
ЦԼʱȥû£ذգ
ˣæֲЦˣô񵥾ͷ˵ظߣ
ü
Ǩ֮񰡡
üӱҪ뿪
ˣӼġ
ͷ׼«ʲôҩεαǰ׼ˣ
ӹˣһʱüһ㣬ȴǵ֮
֮ǰλãյһڵ͡
յһڵҲô֪͵͵ȥҵǹӼȻˣҪӼʵݻҪЩġ¾ǰûʱˡ֣ҴǰֻҪҴӼȥʱ˶֪߾ʦӼѾʡҵʱǸã
Цһ㵹ǲ̫ϣ鷳
ȻһЦȻѾҪαϢݷù߾ʦӼ㲻ͻ֮ˡ빫Ӽ£ΪЧкδ֮У
⵹һýڡ
֮ǰҴ︮ͻؼ飬ִôԲأ΢С
˵վżһ续˲ڼǰŴ˺ü
Ȼӿ죬ɫض۾΢΢ȥ
ЦţϵīڱţҾһӹԼǡˣոմս̫Ǳ²¼ɡΪ㵣֮ҲδɡȺãҳ뼾Ǹ˳𣿡
һЦ
ˣĺͣһ£Ȼʼڴڴͷа²˵Сʱв죬ģ
촽΢ţЩ˭˵֮áҡ
ȴǲܣĻͷ޷ûУоͺѽ㿴ҳҲһǼϲأ
⻰ֱû½ˡ
ദҲһʱˣôҲû뵽˿ȥһòȻӣˣûûƤ
ңãԴǴȪݻԺԽԽûûƤˡ
ˣÿÿ˵Щʲô¶һζı飬׽͸
ӡ
Ȼ
һļʱæѹÿ
Ц⣬վֱӣֶÿλá
΢΢Ƿ¡
üһ
żݷѾ׼ˡ
ȥɡͲøϽӳ
ҪǰȥƼΣȴת˸Ƶ˳ֱ˼ߣȥ˳Ҳȥݷʮ塣
ѾûˣŶϣš
Щ֪룬֪ӦӦԣֻľګؿѼߡ
˼ſڣſʮЩ
ƽվ⿴Щ֪룬żˣæ񣺡¡
ͷʾ⡣
ƽֿʵӡ⡭
̾һ°ա
ƽͬ⣬ˣѶһ̧ȥ
رΪƵĿԲжŵΪбµ
ģߵʱ򣬻ȥ
ȥһ·ϣ뼾˶żҡС
ֻһֵȥԶ
ʱ㵽ſڡ
θżרѡ꣬ĸϸϴס˴ͷ߸һβƮһɫ£һۿȥûκ
ǰ漾ϳ
ãеóһۣ˿ȥӲǹǼȴЩϸĸˣ˳һŮӡ
ǰſڵ˰
˰ϵ֣Щɻ

ִδ
ǿǰϸˣȴһ޷˵֮Сµӣ޷˵һ֡
ڽ񣬹һλӣǼӵ䣬¹ªš²ܰ﹫ӵݽȥ
µĵĮüȻϬ
ʱӼ棬ǰǰǰأš
սӹˣǷ񣺡ݼ¡
һĿŰĺƷ弾ӵİʶȥա
Щȣǰ֪ˣӲҵȭԺȥ
ҲżȥŴŰɫߵĺŮӣѼԼ¶һЦЦı顣
ܻܿᱻֿ֮⡣ȻˣȻбķֿò¡
ذͷһһࡣ
һᣬŵӵſڿһϵӡ
ǳһȻǿλ
Žǰ棬΢һ֮ңں棬򶫸
ֿһģ鷿֣İԼĻɣýȥ鼾ǺҲ
·żרɫõ԰Ӵȥ
԰ӣѾһӻˡеĲӵݸֿֿһĳ˼Ƭ̺˼֡
ʱɽţӣ뼾ӵˡ
ֿеĲӼ֮ڣɡ
ţһƣһȥżֿ鷿
ֿһ֮ϣȵ΢С
ɫȴԽԽ


162 ݷ 
 ؼ
ֿ, е֮УȭɳƵ, ˵񣬼¡缲, , 
ֿһɻżá
һԲվڱϿֿһ̽ģ
ֿһ, ֿŻع߾ʦӼ
ֿ¾þҲ˵Ұç򡣲ֱ֮
һ㶼ֿӣһиڼҵˣô֪˭²Ƿýǽʱȥİա
ֿݺݵغһۣ
ЦȻ㼾Ѧҽˣ㲻ΪӸ, İɣ
ֿøһʶ, Ѽİ˿, 濴д⡣⼾ӣȷʵݷѦӵġ
ֿ, ʵѦӰȼ
ͷǡ
ֿü飬˲⡣
漴Խ˵ȥѦӡ
Ӧ£żȥҩ®Ѧӡ
, ֿ飺ô£
üʲôô£
ֿ𾪱߾ӪĹ߾ʦ
ǡĵصͷ
ΪʲôʱǸһ𣿡ֿѵóһ˿ŭı, Ϊһģʲôô
˫£, ΪҲˮ, ͻŹұɱڶ, Ͱâңڳ֮ϱ˳͡ɱϣƲô죬Ҫ໥¼ɣְ𣿡
⻰˵û
ֿǸɵӣȻ֪ɱôżԼժΪ֪Ҫˣֻһˡ
һ˲ڰ
ֿ΢΢ף齥䣺ԣҪ˵ģ
վֿĽ⻰֪Ʋ磬ֻƵ˽ذߵ彣֮ϣ䱸һһ
սɳ꣬ɱУ֪ڽ䱸Ҳգֱֱִֻƿ˴Ŵŵʯ񻨣˵ϣҴδɹʮ塣Ϊ֮£˶ûκκô
ֿĻûг
壬ȻԶ˻ʹģȴû뿪Ȼҽոżô˽ǣ
ƨֿƱβ͵èȻŭ
Цתֿŭı˵£ǵһıʿ㸮ϰݷѦҽż˲㡣
ֿ飬˼ϷӿȻŽûĲдӼΪ˹թϻۣóűıı岻ãסĺƷ
ĺƷҽȡ
ֿԺʲô
뵽ʲô飺£˵ֺãЩ˲Ų뼾ҸֻǵѦȡ
鿴ֿЦضزסΪΣκ˽ֻ͡˭б°¼ɡǺģϾҽαһְսһһ꣬뱱˳Ҷֻ꣬ʱ⡣ôõһֺüӵĻᣬôܲ
ֿȻڳ͢ϵְǻʼˣ͢κη紵ݶȻ˻
鵱£ڳ͢ϴˣʲô¡
żѦӣҲҪԼʾãͶ£һֱ뱱֮¡
ֿ顣
鿿ڴϣЦŵʯһޡ
ʲôȤһ㣬塣
ֿûƳһۣ
Ϣ֮ҡҡͷûʲôȥӡ
˵˵һģ
ֿûŪ鵽˵ʲô
Ȼܵ˵һͨű߼ʵĻҪôִ࣬ʹŪڡ
ֿ鷿һֱѰ˼һ£ڻǼһΣ¡
ȻֿüëЦϡ
*
ѦӣҲԼݣֱʵ˵ҽѦһѦҽдš
Ѧӿţþòԡ
Ȼʦңұض߾ȫȫ
ףлʦ塣ţǸ
Ѧü
ְ꣬˹Ѧʦ塭ꡣ
Ѧӿ˿ֿ꣬˵
죬ǽеĶɡ
ɣ
ѦЩŮӵͣŮӿᣬʮģ
ᾹȻڽѾõ˶ɵĳƺţ
ڱ˵ɡһŷɥĳƺţǶѦ˵Ůһһ㣬ܵõɡ׵Ķ޷ҩͿӭж⣡
Ѧһ뾪ϲ֯ı飬Ǳܵ߿˿
סֵ£ϵƬ̣ѦʦзӰ㻯⡣ԵģҲҪܰʦ󡣡
ѦӣѦ˵ʵôˣ
û£ʦ忴ΪѦʦ忴ġ
£üԥ
̧֣ԼϵǸժ
ѦӿȥֻǸŮӳúޣټ侫£һڻһţҰߵһƬɫռݣȥĿġ
ôŪģѦʡ
꿪ڣɳҡԶԼ
Ѧظ㣿Զ
ϸüë΢΢ƺǷѦظ仰
ʦ塭ЩѦӴʹֹ
ѦӱҽٹעʮȴȻȻһ׷ȥ㲻ٶ໰ֻǵȥ
˵껰ˡ
վҩ®ſڣѦӣȳѦӵ˵ͷѦ΢΢׻
걳ȥæеߴ˻ȥ
˵𣿡ʡ
ͷһ
Ǳȥա˵ձҪǰ
æԼתӣֵܿ¡Լȥ͵·ˡ
ü󵨡
̾һ΢΢ף밲
ϼ黹Ҫֹ̬ȣΪǻ壬ϵݹ֮ˡֻһûйĲҰç
֮𣬲Խ
ǰŸյûһᣬֿˡ
ֿһЦӣԶǿͣǲñ
ֿĻЦһģ


163  
ɱɱɱϣһֻ۾ѽ
ܾ, ֿȴܾת, 
죬ֳŶͷ
, Ȼһӡ
ǿѵķ񵽵һޡ
Ҳ, бͶֿʣӦ̽һ¡
û̫ĵִ, ʾš
ſڣͣһἫͣδ´ࡣ
ֿѾ˳ڳǸļӣɵü, Ҵ, ʲô֣
⻰˵ڼġ
һԾ, ˹ֿ棬Լ, ̧Цֶѽʮųһң棬̨ϲĄӶţëҲʶʶ
ֿü, ЦЦ㣿ʶʶ
ͷ, ʾңȥʶʶ
ֿ¶һڵӡ
ż, Լ˳, ϡѳں, 㶯ˡ
ֿ˳ִԳһë̺ݸȻȼǻŵá
΢΢һ㶣׽ӹл/
ü΢
Ǵȴеúƽȡ
ֿϵĶӦȫЩȡˣֵصȲ裬һݸһԼˡ
ֿɴ˫ۣҵأ
ƳһۣԼŲУֲֲС
ֿʱһ첱Ӵ֡
м䣬˱첻ԣĬĬغȲ֮⣬벻еڶֻķʽ
ǸֿߵĸѾֲˣΪСġ
ֿ鶷ϣûӮ
Сʱ򶷲Դܡ
ֿȲ㣬˵ˣܲ½ǶǸ⡣
涷챻ѹֿҲĥƽ˲١
ֿһʶԼԼһ裬뼾лӴ˴ҽûбĴ㣿
²豭صֻҽġ
ֿ۵Ц˳Ŀĺô룬˿ɲôġô벻ɣ
Цθ룬Һθأ
ֿѵӣĴǸŶƤģֻҪ˵Ļֿһ붪һġ
ֿ⼾ҽ٣Ӧûб⡣
޷һԣ֪ǲǸˡ
ֿһڲˮһĹ⡣
ȥģ
ͷÿ⿴˿ֱ磬
ֿüȥʶӳȥ档
ʵ˵Ҳȥ档ݲӵʮ뵱˵
ڣ֮һ㶼ȤǷŵǰǳ棬ڡѾʧȥ
ɨһۼ޾ɵؿ棬Ŀ
ܿͽ򣬲֣Щš
ſ۾ѭȥŰ͸ɴ༦ӣ༦
վڼļŲӣŬߺȣݵġڽͣλǼҵġڽ
Уݵġڽݵġ׻˿ɱƣݵġ׻׵ģһߵļڽļڸֶ
һĶԻ˷
⡭ЩЩɡ
Ҳ̫Եɡ
ֿС׶ʱ´ҡеȣ͵ǰĶˡɫ˼๱һļҪ࣬ͺñս๾Ǽƣսϣһ糤һǿ๱Ƚϳġɫļڶ綼ͳһƺΪڽ
ֿôһͣһֻֻɫĶŷ⡰ڽȷʵһ㼦ҪһЩ
ֿһߵļİɫֱΪ׻Ķߴ׳˶צҲһļҪ׳һЩ·
Ȥ˵ߡ׻Ϊͱһ㼦ҪߴצӺǴ׳ƶϻаԵԳ֮Ϊ׻ˣ
ֿüӴϻۣ鴫
ס
ͷһμַʽֿʲô˵
ֿش𣺡ǰһ˿ԼϳӮͷҲΧׯעѹӮ
˵ͣΧСࡣ
ǽ£ֿͣһԺԺӺǹ̵ʯשԺﻹͣСС
ֿҲ֮Ƽ
̧ͷǰߴ¥¥ȥ㡣
ֿһƹģ˿첽Цӭʮүûˡֺŵżһֱүأ
ֿߵĽƺ˾ռߣֿûͣ
ƹǾؿ˿ֿǸ޵ӣһһӣæȥʵλүǵһǽ󣿡
һ
ƹЦӯӯǶλүˣ⡭
ֿͷػͷһģͽƹܣȥЩǡ
ƹ񲻸ֿͷ˽ȥ׼ȥˡ
ֿǳˣΪֻҪֿȥĵطû¥ݣȥﶼֱȥ
˺ϰؽ˽ֺŵŸ
ſʵһ¶㳡¥ܶǸС䣬ЩС泯棬ûǽס
Ӹ¥ż⿴¶㳡϶Ұá
һ¥һЩо֮ͽڶ¥żĶֿݵλˡ¥徲ÿһ¥ﶼȼѬ㣬Ųϵɧζ
֮ϣؿ¥¥վſΧߺȵĸӵǣֻҳˣ
ҵǿ߽ʿѪġ
ڹһԹš
δлֿÿ촩С泡
Ǻ˶¥ΧĿңɨһȦ
¥ʱͫ΢ζػͷڿֿ
ƹڵֿܣʮү⼸ɶͽ
ɱɱɱϣһֻ۾ѽ
һӶ¥ĳ֡
ֿü̧ͷ¥ǸΧ֮ϣ¶춷ṫӡ
ƹֿ¶飬ֻ̧ͷһ۱Ǹ˵үձգСȥʢ˵˵Ҳ֪ʢү衭СȰүҲൣൣ
ֿûӦƹΨΨŵŵ˳ȥֱ¥
˫£ޱŶΧ֮ϴߺȵʢӣʢȪ


164  
ѹġ
Զĵط, ҲʢȪǸͽģǸżӣͲԼĨϳȥ
ƹѾܵߵʢȪŸš
ԶԶؿȥ, ƹ񼫾ϥ֮ܣһֱںȰʢȪЩ, Ҫ˵徲
ʢȪһ˵ģ, ƹ£סƹ, ־һȭ˴ſڵء
һŸŵֿú˵ʲôʮү˵ҲǸȨƵȳӣʲôܣ
ȻһĽѾʣֿ֣Ӳö˽
ǾüĿֿ
ֿһЦЦģ, ҡе, ߵĽ˵һʢȪĶ, ȥҵļϡ
ͷŸ˳ȥ
һֱǳĬ΢λ, ŶʢȪһһ
ϡ氡ȻҲԿʱ򡣡ߵֿߵ
ֿƽ, ʢȪ˵Ҳû, ҾһлݵȳӶѣ̲, ̫ĸ, дȨ, ôǵ𡣡
䣬µĶѾ
ԣʢȪѹֻսܡ
ʢȪվڶ¥յذеĲ豭ȥòɵˣ˶ʱԵڵأͷѪ
վŶͷҪ£̧ͷʢȪüһôģʱˡ
̲ʢݼҵҵģҲֻϵù
ǲ𣬻㲻
ֵŶͷԼȥҽݡ
վڶ¥Ŀһеһ˿죬ֿˣһֱ⸱ģ
²˶ѡǰʧ̫Σ棬ҶӣʢȪߵġֿһڲ裬޵˼һۣȨƵģӸߥ޵ľϾͳͷҵģǷµģ˭˶Ǳ֮
ϷŰؿֿôǱ£Ҳӣ
ֿԳǻʵΣҵûڳ͢ϼְݣûʵȨֲΪ볯͢Աּ֮Աһ㣬֪ڶλҲ֪οԺֵӣʷ̨Ҳ߰㲻ԼҲ˵ҵĄһһġʢȪʮЦٲһ֮Ѷѡ
Ŀֿ
ֿüӼЦˡ
ףκ
ֿ֪˵ûΪʱˮְʢȪоȳʱʢȪɲ⸱ģ
²仰ʢȪٺʲˡ
붷Ѿ׼ڶһ˾ȥǽߵĶ
ֻɫġ׻ʢȪģұֻֿġ˾Ǳֻ̨Ǳׯ
ڶ¥¥¶̨עһ
е˶ѹʢȪֻ׻
Ҳܹ⶷ˣΪʢȪֻ׻ԴӳսûаֻܼɫĶƷִѵ˶ʢȪˣСġ
һǺͬ͵ĶһȦëҲйڶϳƷ֡
ֻֿ·ͬеȳ
ʢȪֻֿ·̲סЦʲôʲôļ
ֿ֪óӣһָףȻ˴ֻǶֻڽС
ͳһСӣ򶫣ѹֻ
ֿͷżӲ棿
ºһЦлº⣬Ҿƶɡ
ǡҾƶֻ˵óڡ
ֿЦһ㲻ٿ¥¶ѾһСӷ˶ϡ
ƽɶѣұֻһ˵ĽׯҰĽӵҲǳɶѵĶʡ
ŶʧĶʣ°ͣʡ壬룬ҿɱʢȪֻ
ֿһصһۣ쿴š
üתؿųרŸΧһȦ
ʢȪĶȱųֻɫ׳ļŶͷһȦȻһĺһĽ
ֻֿųؿΧԵĿ
ֿĻ־ߣ̲סʵĶва
ֿüвУ˲֪
û֮ǰмһԼ˸ߵΧֱֻΧ߰Բڡ
ֿĻųԺͲһֱһ
ʢȪİ׼Լĳܸ֪볡һֱһֱмդ󿴿ҿ־
ڶʢȪҲãƵĿֿֿѹͲԹԵصͷָףȲ裬Сġ
ʱ䵽ͭù֮󣬶˰мŵΧ
ʢȪİ׼ͷСߵֻȳȻǰ󿴿ҿͷ̽
ȳȻƤ̧һ£һط
ڶ¥¥¶ʢȪֻȳȻһսû̲סЦＦҲүġ׻ϣ
ֻаĶʢȪȳȻһûս⣬ԥŲֱȥ๺ܳһǳŻ۾ȥġ
գۼ䰢Ѿ˻ǰǻȻƤû̧һ£չһ࣬š
鿴۵Ц
ü֪Цʲô
ֻӣһģһŵʱԲվţվŵʱܲͲ
ӦսʢȪİ˴ֱǳ/ӣ
δĶ֣㲻̽ʼų׷Żȥ΢΢ͷëʱըһСɡģ䲻˰ļһ¡
һ£ֱӰѰļĵһ顣
ŵˡ
٣
ڳΧ۶ˣĿɿڴ
ǳƽˣֿĻһ飬ʢȪİҲһ顣ʢȪֻԼǻһɶ²ȥ
鿴ȳȻ˳۵úܣսϵĽ͵һɱı¡
һеģһ
ԴӳսһԹôĿʱ˲ֻ΢һ󣬱ͷ˲ϵë򻨼
ⰢѾŭҲţԾıһߡһΰûиȳȻϢĻᣬֱһԾȻԭط˸Ȧֱ׷ȥ
ȳȻŲæԾһδӰͷԽ˹ȥ
Σ½ȳȻȴǺѾһʼڳرԵŲӣһȳһȳߡ
ʢȪԼغѾ̫ȴûаֿȳȻܣܻƿڴＦ


165 ŭ 
ɱҵļҪ١
ȻʢȪʲô, սȷʵûйսһʱҲ֪Ӧô죬ֻȥ, ҪȳȻ
ֻֿȳȻȴȫںеشӦԡ
׺شӵһԾ, ͼԼǿ׳צȥץȳȻ۾, ȳȻӦ죬չȥһ˸, צӸһأƾٴԾ
ֻ໥ץţëһأǵĳ趯ıһһȥ
һʱҲ˭ռϷ硣
ΧѹʢȪĶĶͽȻԸԼӴˮƯ, ׷, ͡
ϣϣ

Ǵ, ׼ѽ
˶Ŀתųֻ
뼾һֵط, ֻһͿԵ˵ڳϾĲǶһ㡣
ÿһѪҺﶼɱĳ嶯
Ȼ䳡׶, ˺šɱɱ
ȥ, ֻʢȪֻ׼óͿգצҽ, ӳصһֱ׷ֿĻұߡ
һֿĻüûл֮, ڽڰˡ
ڶΧϵʢȪһ, ػ˫ȣһʤȯյӡ
ʱѾȳȻƵΧԵȳȻ޿ˣ޴ļצѾǰȳȻͷ΢΢Щ׼ᣬֱӶŰļצһȥ
ʯ֮䣬ʢȪİڵأһ
ȳȻȴĵԼȥİȴҲû˶־һֱڵϱԼ
һһǾҲվ
ȻⰢȳȻ䲻ȳȻôҲս
Ҳݣ
һ˷ŭϯ
ม
һһƬ
ޣпã
һ̵á
һΧ۵˺ܿɢȥȳȻһͷ˿ʢȪķ
ʢȪΪ˱ŭ졣
ֻּ֪ôͷӶ¥Χ֮һԾ£Χ֮Уһ߷Լ໨ؽİ
ѾֿȳȻĻ˼ڡ˽ƣʢȪһţֱײڶΧϣڵأһϢ
ʢȪתȳȻһš
ȳȻô۸ģ
ֱһԾʢȪȥצֱץʢȪ۾ʢȪû뵽⼦ȻҶ֣ʶȥס۾
ȳȻһצӣʢȪֱץѪۣ
ʱʢȪĸѾӶ¥
ʢȪˣҲܶһֱֻӴӸϰγȳȻʹȥ
Ϭ۳žҪĲӣֻˡһжཻ̱һʢȪеĽֱӺ˳ȥˡһԱߵϡ
ģ
ʢȪһػڷ飬ƴת˸Ȧתʱ򣬿ǰվһӡ
һɫǰ
ӴںڰӽϷ룬޷ȫݡ
ʢȪû뵽˴󵨣Ľ¾һֻ
ʢȪ̴ѾŹˣ˸ҵԼӣʱƿںǳ⣺󵨣СҵǼҹӣ
˻δ䣬ֻԼѱʲôУһͨ˵ϡһʱʢȪ̴ҲҺǳӣ׷׿ܣͼҵǸŰˡ
ʢȪǱƹһ鷳һԼѵĶϳҲֿȳȻð
ڣһ֪ˣվǰ
ڣʢȪûܹ
ǰոǿ֪Ӳռ˵ģЦƵ֪ıĳ֣ڱǰˣ
ڰ֮£ŵâ¶ǺȻһԲȴǵ
ʢȪ˵غһ漴Ӧû˸Ҹͻǵַ
鲻ʢȪѾ¥סֿȳȻ
ת׼ߣʢȪģڱ𣺡㡢ɱҵļôţҪ٣
ңɱļ
⻰תֻʢȪһ߿һϢĶʱúЦȤʵ׸£
ʢȪָŭͱܣ
ͷ仰ⲻػʢȪϣ׸֮ҲҪܡ
ڶ¥ֲֿ´ֵһ裬ƵǰüӼЦˣǴӳֵģ뱻⹷¡ȺȼɣֽŲģͲȥˡ
΢Цף໰
ֿǿģı£Ҫ̽ʢȪֱ׾١
ӣʢȪֿѾһˡ
ֿʢȪûа취Ϊֿڳ͢ûʵȨǵֿֿû취״
ʰʢȪ

赶ɱˣҪϽС
ԣʰʢȪ£ģֻֿǰæѡ
ɣδ˵붯ʢȪ֪ʢȪζʲô
üš
ʢȪҪ£ļȻǿˡƹ̾ذѿߣְΣһߣһʢȪߡ
ûʢȪǲһƨ£ŶȣŹӣ˰ѽƹһѵ⡣
ƹЦʮүĿˣʢӶൣൣС˿ȫλүչ˲ǡ
ƹֿſʼڸʢȪЦЦˣŴӶ˲Цʧ
ʢȪĵطһĭޣʲô
ƫǱ߻յİӻûᣬʢֿʼ¡
Ȼ̲ʢݲֱӹϽ׸ǺôǸĹԱ̫ǰĺˣһССľ׸ǲ̲ĹϽҲҿʢӡ
ʢ̴ȥ٣ˣӵĹ
ʢȪˣһɥűԼļǰߣ˰ɵøҵĶһؽĶ˸һˣ⼦ҵĸα
㿴ʢȪ⸱ģ;ԴۣϾʢӣȷʵһֻõĶȷʵܷӣⲢǼԵö࣬˵ķÿ֧С
˶ƹȰɢˣ㻷һȦҲûҵһ֤ˡ
˭ֻ
ʢȪָ֣ڵĵط
ʢȪָúЦȴҲϣ˫£תֻ⶷¶쾮˶ڸ¥֮µӰţĿ
ԶԶؿȷǷ


166 ˡ 
Ϲˡ
ɵʱ, ֿӶ¥һǣڹǰԶĵط̧ͷſڶ¥Χɢֿ
, þòֿк
û뵽ֿҲȭһ񣺡¡
ֿȻûʢȪǰе, 켣ٳʮ, Ϻ꣬ҲСһֻڵǰվƻûʵ, ֿܿġ
Ͼ̫²̨ϵ
ֿ󽭺˵ȥ
ʼҪȥ𣿡
ͷ˱㶼һ¥
ֿһҵ˾һ㣬ʵ£龭, ɿˣ
ֿЦ, ʢҹԼѼ, ڱ϶ѡ
˵ʢȪֿס
ֿȥ, ЦǲǺ˵ʵ˲ˡ
ʢȪȭˣ˵ʵڿ, 
΢΢ü, ʢ˵ǲԼ·
ʢȪ㷢ģҲ÷Ų, תӰλӡ
Ҳī, ֱֱӰ¶촦, ϣӡ̳Ϊ˵١
ʢȪףֻһ£Щᣬû뵽׿ԽˣȻģƷˡ
㿴ǾæǷ񣺡ְ£

Ŷԭǰ顣
ʢȪĬһߣûйӡһֹӵʱʢȪ֪Լ˶Ļ
ȾˣҲˣ˲ϻڵϡ
΢΢ͷɣһ棬ʢӣôһϷ
ʢȪ⻰Ҳ뱣ˣֱӹ˵ϣȻӻûȫӦԼղŶʲô治飬֪Լˣʶ˵¡
ǰʵ⼦ɱģ
ʢȪҡͷǣǣ⼦ԼģԼģ
ֿ죬Ц԰ɣʢӣţɲô˵ģ˿ɶˡ
ʢȪҡͷǣǣˣ񷽲šſ󣡿󣡡
ʢȪģѾµµȥ
ʢȪõַǶˣǶǮһƦåӣ˵治û˸ʢȪ
ʢȪѯʵ֪ʢ⼦ֵǮҼҾƶ̫ⲻ𡣡
ߣû˺Ƕ࣬ҭ˵Ļһѧһ׼
ʢȪĸⰡſĽ±ȷҲˡ
ֿԲǲ
Ҳ˵ǵӣǶصĶӡȢؼҵĹС㣬ǲĽɫ
ʢ̫ǰٵƣڹǰǺ󱲡
Ҵ壬ڳ͢Ĺϵ̸ڣʢҲ̫ӣʢȪţҲ˹ˡ
ȻƾƢԣҲᵱΪʱùˮѹͷ̧һ¡
¹鳯Ȣ˹С㣬ڳ͢ϴ󽫾ͷΣϾд˵ܿҪαһְ
ʲôλã
ǿÿնԼ£ڱǰԷˡ
ʢȪ֪Ҳ֪鲻һƲ硣Ͼʱǲ̫ӻʺ
ʢȪһˣ̧˦ԼʮĶ⣬һ˦һ߶Ϲ
ձǸֿżģڶôһ־磬Щ񲻼á
ʢȪ׻Ǹۼģ֪ʲôǣʲô˲ǡ
ǸԲ̬ȼã鱾С˾ᣬ˦ȥ
֪ʢȪ˷ˣһθ˶ͷһɸֵģָָʢȪ
ʢȪ᳦Ӷˣ˭˵̵£ֿɼܺͺõģ
һ˵֮϶
ߵ·ϣ鸺ֶУʹ㣺ˮ¶˲ˣ
΢΢һ㶣ȭûͷ
ͷ㲻ٶ໰ڽĺԺһ˷֡
ֿŹ뿪ıӰզࣺǱó㣬˭û취ʢȪֻȫˡ
ͷһۣû˵
һԹߣЩ鿴Ļס
΢΢ף¶⣺¡񡭡
ֿɲǱĻᣬֱѽ˼ӣ·ߣСЦ˼Цˡ
¡ȻŬĴС
ֿ˿죺쵽ʱˣҳԸɣ
̾һ㲻ˡ
ֿǹģ֪飬̽ķӣ˼ȥһ⣬պҲûʲôӹ
ԽˡپܾˣҪֿΪʲô
Ͼţֿܷ
ĬĬظֿ뼾ֿʱͲˣǡһֱ
Ƴһۣһֱż
Զǿֿͣһػش
ſڵģֻҪˣҲǿ͡һػش𣬡ͷҪ񾡹ءʰɣ
ֿֻ˦˦䣬ʾ⽭ݳ
Ҳ۲ˡĿڳϣ䲻˵
ֿ˻һȻ뵽ʲôתʼʲôɿڵ𣿡
صϲ⡣
ֿĵͷʾ
궯˶飬˿һ˵ʵԼϲֿʹӵϲáѵ¶һ˿顣
ֿŵԺӣϲϲĵط
ﲻоľ¥һҲûмߵ¥ȫһһ֮ķݡ
ÿһΧбԺԺһŵ֡
ֿѡԺǽϰǽߵķԺӽˮ塱
ֵ֮ʱԺĶǽϵľɫˮ죬㷭ص͡
ˮеʳȻҲǽϵʳ
˸һһĽСپ£ü֮ǽϷŮӶƵĲƣڷǰ
ûֵطùţֻ۶ŽϾϸ͡ϵĲҲǷдġ
ƴȳͷ㣬һۿȥȫǷ֮Ҳʲô
ֿ˿Щѵı飬ֿ˿飬
֪ϣԳһûҪֿ֪ǲˣŵĵ˲ˡ
ӣӣֿĵʮˣŮȥˡ
󣬰С


167 ԰ 
ȸλӡ
ֿ֣Ҳա
, Ȼȥֿˡ
໥˿Щ֪롣
ĿҲաЩŤعİ
ǻͷ˿꣬˵ͷ, Ҳϯ
Ȳ˵ʱԺһ˽һյ, ŮϸӼɽ, ľ֮䣬ˮ֮ϻƮ
, īʫдЩŮضֵ
һ˵
Ƭ̣㿪ʼŮϲˡ
⽭ϵĲϵķ޴͸¶ϵķʡ
ϵһˣ˾Ȼһþ帴ˮԺӵľۣ
ģֿ뽭, ˼Ŀתضˡ
ϵһۻ, ѲϺͲġ⬰ˮʯŴźʳ档
һм, ԶԶȥɫ罭һʶʡ
Щʫ续һĲƷ, ŮֳСӣ͵ÿ˵ǰȻ࣬źʳơ
ԼǰЩµĽʳ, аԸп, ϲ˵⡢šݲȡ
ֻǽԺĵʳԺȻҲطķζ
ʳ, Ůڲ, С翡
ĥʱ, Ȥ£ԺӶ˼¡
ֿһң/ʣʳѣһС
˵ûֿЩˣһ֧޽Ƶػӻ
ˣǵһθһͬϯšǱͲóûһѾȽŽ顣
ԺȻͣҲС
ⷹԵúǰԼǻСĽڷ졣
պüҲ˵ֿﵽ׻Щ䱸һ㡣ǰֿʲô顣
ţЩ˯
ֿ񲻼ñСһᣬҡ
Щɡ
ʱҲȥСƬ̡
⻰һһ
ȻҪСǼҲûʲôþˣҲȥң׼С
＾·ʱ¶Թá
΢΢һ㶣ǲ˵ʲô
͵ѵûһֱҪ£ʵΪչ˹㣿
ɵôһ˵ŷӦȷʵûвϸ֦ĩϲɫذܹȥˡ
ϲӡ⻰ǳ
üǵһθţһΣ㿴˼
ãɵҲĶ˼Щ£ϲͿһô򵥡
ûʱ俼Щ¡
ǹ֪֪ż˴齵òӦİĽЩ˵ġ
˵⻰ʱﾡ
֪飬֪϶̵Դ
⻰˵飬ʵ˵ԼΪаĽˣഺģҲһһɤӵĴۡ
΢Цֵ֪꣬ΪҺá˵ģҶ׵ġǡЩ±鰮Ҫ
Щ£ֻҪһ룬ͻ⣬̽ʹķ
Щ£Щ˵£ǶЩ˵ǲҪ¡
ԣòӦİĽ˵ģÿÿ˴ֹסԼһᡣ
ֱϣžæȥȻԲӣҶˡ
ҡͷ϶˵ЩǱҵˡҲ顭ǡ
⻰û˵꣬׼˼
Ҳס֣Ҷ໰ˡӲҪǡ˯ɡ
ͷ£۾
۾Ǳˣ޷ֿСµʱ
ֱû£ǻ̲ס롣
顭顭
֪Լʲô޷ƣҲơ
ʼ飬üȡ˹ˮɻ飬ٵҪֳӵȥϹ֪ȥﱡ֮ķŭַǽ͡ϥǰһϲ
Щһ㣬û˳һһ顣
˼ܶԽԽ󵽵˯ˡ
*
ֿżι䡣
ֿȥĵط԰
Ϸĵط٣ֻ԰ȷǼŮضˡһŵʱ򣬼ע⵽ˡ
ˣ԰̨̨ܶĶһЩüƯӡʹ굽ʮ겻ȡ
ӽſʼӼڵֿ԰ߡ
һʮ͵ԶԶؿֱֿһ·СſϣʮүþòˣȸˡٲȸҪ˼ɹȥʮүˡ
ֿͷЦţôأҲ㣬ܻĲǣ
ȸֿô˵ʱ˦ӣתȥ˵عү⻰żȸˣȸຮȲѲضÿУҪϱһƤź˵Ϸڽͣӿ͵⣬ү´ĿȸˣȸүүȤūЩʱ˼үǺûȤֱײǽͶֻ̥Ͷһ˼ңүʮٳ֮գϸȥүǰԵ
ĿɿڴǵһμС
ƤҺã˵ĻҲ˳ϧ
ֿ⻰Щ̱˵ȸطҪӣôһһ
ȸǿһͨԼ˵̱ҲֿһţҲš
Ϻ˵Ĺ򲻽ػֿΣֱԼģüᱯ˵ģǱŮй֮޲
³⣬û츳Ҳͷȥɣ
ֿһǸˣæЯǮͳŽҶӣȸôһ仰ǵ⸱ģſȥЩóԵĺģʡ˵үǰһ㣡
ȸһŤ˦ֿ֣ˣСӣߡ
ֿЦãȥȸӲգҲҪүһѽүտǴſġţ
ֿеĽҶ˳ȸ˳˼ء
ȸƺѾ˾ռ⸱ģֻǺݺݵصֿһۣ㻻˸Цվؾصһ񣺡ȸλӡ
죬鵹ü
ȸʵͿ飬Ƿ԰Ҳǳ͵ġҲҪȰѽˡ


168 ԩ·խ 
ǲͱͷ
õ˽Ӧʲվ, ؿ龫ϸݡ
鲻ϲһֱü
ȸԹɫı¯࣬鲻, æջĿλǵһ԰𣿲֪ϲʲôȸȥүǰŰš
ƶֿǰ, ȸ¶, ֪԰ӣһϲ, ЩϲСĹ񱣬Щˣһӵġ
ʲô˿֣ȸ֪
ԾǸĿˡ
ȸĿڼ, ֻ, º͵Цˣλүɡ
ﱾѰֵĵط, ЩСϷúòòҪҪǳúò, ֫á
ɢͣϷ̨ϵϷ
¥йרſϷĵطľǸ˽뻶䡣
һֵط, Ҳǵһ֪, ԭϲӻ䡣ӭ͵ӣǼ, һһЦǷ绪ģ
ʵģһ㶼Υ͡
ֻǴսɱ, ϱЩ԰Сһ֮ӵ, ϸ£ЩСһ۾Ϳóء
¥¥ϷȻϷǴҪģСѰֲص㡣
ͬΪˣǵȻ֪βȡˡֿСźķǳ⡣
һƣһιƣһվ볪С
һ߾غŲ衣
ȸֿһƣվžƺ˼ߡ
λӣȸһ棬һưգȸЦš
û˵
ȸԹԵһƣȻݵԼߣͷһӲȸ湫Ӻˣ
ȸḽڼչ˺ùӡҷſģڣӲѿġ
ȸڼߵʱ򣬼۾ȴǿֿġ
ֿһֱڲ￴
ȻԭֿһֱҪй䣬ʵĿĻǴЩ֮ءΪֹ̽ʲô
ʱȸȴûţ＾һȲ裬ֻ˵˵岻ãҪùӳĶ
عͷ˿ȸл
ȸҲºһЦӵĵطȸҲǹӵˡ
ͷ
ȸֵʵҪЩʲôºͦ⹫һһС
ȸЩʵҲˣ
ȸͷµӣȸסһЩġЩˣ¶ٶЩĿġ
ûиȸӽӴֻŮӲͬǸӣŮб
ȸ죬Щ֪룬ǾģӲðҵ˿
⻰һ۾ȸ
⺢Ӳʮ꣬ѾˡǱǳ¼Уĸ佫ҵĹү
ССͱ㱻ǣû˹˃̡
ˣ뾡һа취ӹ˳Ҳ޷ıʵ˴ַ³֮⣬ȥأ
ȸֻǵ곯¼бӰǧеһӣųŷ˻ж٣
ȻһǵصϢУϮ
һ֮£ֻһ˶
ȸºͣ۵ȴ޷ϵ˺һ˿˿ľǿʹĿԵؿţô֪Էº֮£޵ɱ
ȻԼϵֳ˼֡
Щ죬Ǹ
ȸЦúÿֶһ裺㣬Լѡ񡣡
ӹ룬һСڡȸ˲裬ִߵóһһ״ϸ⣬ϲʳ㲻ô𡭡ͦϲġ
Цȸݹϸƻ԰գҲô
ȸЩ˼ǡҰ﹫ӳһ顣
Цţá
ֿڼ棬ȸ˵Цǵͷ˽໥ǫø㡣
һʱƣŮӣӦñ֮ǡôܣ
Ī
ֿһߺžƣһ˼š
ǱȴѾ˵ѹ˲ԾˡƬ̣վŶ
ȸվֿүǲȸĲԣλˣ
ֿЦǳȥˡ
ȸɻգգ۾ؼߡ
ĿǸŵģ֪ʲô
ֿյʡ͵ĵƣѹûġȸ곡ϷͷֿУӲס
ȸɻؿʵӡҪҪȥʣ
ҡҡͷôûӵˡ
ȸͷ֮ڶʵе㷢Ȼ֪ΪʲôȻŭ뿪ǹ˵û£Ӧû¡
Ǽӣȷʵȥ
šӡһµСңеܲסôûִˣôˣһ³
˸¥Ŷ¥ΧͼƽϢԼĵķŭ
ɲɵؾйʱ򣬿ʢȪӴŽ
ʢȪһ԰԰նĪرýһȥʮͷһǰȥӴʢȪ
ʢȪȻûʲô
Ȼڶ¹ʱûʲô˾ͿԼп˳
һҪȸ͡
һ㼱ˣæʢӣȸʮүҸҸ
ʮү
ģ
ʢȪƺֱһ̵˵ϣôôĶֿ
һֿܸܿһôҲѹȻû¥ȥе¥һֱҪȸ
ûУټˣʢȪȥһ¥ϷȻһЩϹ϶¥š
ȸ͹Ϲ֪ѲĿˡ
ŰͷʾԼһȥҲ˵ʲôֻǸֿ˼䣬˳ȥ
ȸЩǸӡп˷Ҫȥ£ȥ
⣺û£ȥաչ˺Լ
ȸһů΢΢ףȥ
鿴ȸţ»ӡ
ųȥ徲ʱ򣬻һЩϸڣǸȸСϺûкᡭ
ûзӣ
ĪѾ
żߵˣ԰пܾͶġΪЩΪŶΪڹٵ佫ˣ
һ룬б෴С
ʱɫ֪࣬ȥµġ
µʢȪҲˡ
ֿüⲻ𡣡
Щȸˣ
ͷ
Ҫ׷ȥ豭һڵǲͱͷ

ֿߵСȸʢȪˣɫ΢䡣


169  
ԭ
ֿ֪˵ʲô˼, ͵ͼݰͶ˽ߣʢȪһʢŭڶһ, ᲻õ˷й𣿡
йü˵ˣ
ֿƳһСҰ׵ı, Ц±ȴֲɣ
΢΢, ֪ڵûʲôǰĿͶ顣
, ܲסԮӣֻ̾һ㿴ҲûáһһʱһӡҽܰʢȪ԰ߣҲڵʱֻǡ԰š
Ȿ뽨ռϢĳ
źľʢȪִԹ, ϢôѼôϢ
ֿ, ҪĸȥźǶԶǼҳ㷹
ȸȻ֮, ǳó, Ȼ԰ͷơͷƣԸʢȪˣ϶İ취ɣ
ţǵл
ڼסһ, ǵÿ, ȸɡ
ֿߵСȥȻɫҰ, ֹסķʢȪ˵Щ, Ѿһˡ
ҪʢȪ, ˳ǣʢݡ
£ԼϾҪҲ٣ûҪĲʢݵ顣
ڣһ֮Ĵܡ
ƽø죬ЩһЩֶΪأ
뵽＾϶һ
԰ѽԽƮԽԶͷб
ֿ԰ЩСòֺӲ࿿һСϣһִֻӣһָֻϵСʳСźţ˿ûߵ˼
ʱԽԽȸѾȥʱˣЩġϾʢȪʲôУһʼֿ֪˵ʢȪ﷢йǴô򵥣ĵ׵Ͷ˼֡
ǰֿڳֲֵܱ̫ԡ
ֻܵͷĬĬغȲ裬Ը㡣
ֿˣҪӣ˵ĻûԴ֮Щ㱡
ֱǰ˻ΣŻعʲô
˵Ҫȥˡ
ŷӦæл¿
ֿЦ˵СüӼЦˡɡӼȻˣȻЩİɣ
ףֿԸ˵
ʱ䲻ˣͼӻȥɡ˵ֿ꣬԰
һֱЩûлع
һֱЩ׼֮ʢȪЩеһ
ЩŽǣǲҲĴСʢȪһ˵£
붫۵ĸĸﻹǲòΪ֮ľٴ롣
Ѫ޵ɣΪʢȪһһбõ
ȨһηĶ
ͷڼлãҰ֮ѩһ𽥰ȫǡʢȪľٶȻŭȴü֮䡢ȨȨ֮䲻ɿԽĺ蹵
ʲô
ţ
ȻܽһǰʻӾػص
Ժĵƻ𷢳谵Ĺ⣬ҹ֮ϵѬζ
ŷӦԭѾص˼ֿ뿪ˡ
ֻһֱ
ܾˡߵǰȥͷﲻ𣿡
ֺܺÿǼϸǽڷȡ
õõֱ֣١
û㣬ֻǵͷôȥ͵ĶˣĳҲˡչͻ֪ҵĿѾﵽˡ
һůһȥ
üӻ
ÿÿļ⣬޻˵
ӣ
ӲŻص˼ڲ뼾Ĺϵһ㶼˶Ŀļ
ڼƫŹࡣؼҲ¡
뿴飬Ƿ񣺡¡
ͷ
뿴ң
һϴν㣬òϢôˣ
Щǵ顣
޷ֱ˵ǡ
ͷص̫ղʿȷʵ֮ǰԾ鷨ң̫͡ӸҿֶǼٵġ
üǼٵģ
ͷΪƾѧӸдļòųġǸԵĳɼǵһǵ˾ǣ֪ôģԾûμӹˡԪ
дõģڶҲᱻ׷Ͼ˭鹡ľЩҪֵĵط鷨ī
仰صԲǺдκá
Ԫġʶؿ顣
Ҳ˽֮黺˼ԪꡭѲɡܹ˳ҲڱϳıߵĽ
˼Ƭ̵֮ܽǰڳ֮ϵЩ֮ˡ
顣
ʶ֮ǰڳ֮ϳĬԻʺ粵һ䣬ҲǺǸıʿ̸Ȩ֮ˣ
ѹ֣ڴ֮óסˡ
ݵĳĬŻݵϢʱ䡣
֪ڷ˼ϣȥա
ȻȰЩ˼顣
ҲȰֻЩˣȻԻʺ󹬹ܼҵȨĴηѡ֮ǰܳɹҲΪȰԭֻ˿˼Զѡ˵ģûе֮ҲǸλð֮ãмܿն۴Ȩ֮ơ
ͷҲǳˡԪ꣬ײߣֶδ˵ȵһµľšǴ˵˼㲻С
ǣպǶԸ󣬾ҪСˡ΢΢³
֪û֮ǰԤôöԸ֮Ĭͱޱѹ֡ںı£ʱֹͣһж
üЩʼδ
ԭԻʺڶ˺󹬹Ͻ֮Ȩ֮Ķ򣬵ڿ֮ǰ룬ûһϵ˳ס
һʱ䣬֮Ķģ޽֡
ֻҪʲôͲ᷸ǰȨϵӣ׻ǻȥ
֮ǰ̫ż뼾ÿһ嶼Լŵλϡ
ھУƣǱƵֻʣ췴·ˡһֱԹ۵ĺȴѾҵƾֵĹؼԲӦ䡣
ü鷴ûһ⡣
ݵĳĬ֮󣬼뵽Щ취
Ȼ̫иɻôߵ֣ڱС


170 ã 
ͷڻ֮ʯƵĹȦޱȵãį
Ѿ, ʹĴ󽫱ֻ̲ʢʷ̨Ԫ
Ԫûʲôõסѱʱá
ʢݡ׻Ҫһᡣ
ʢ£, ˡ
룺ҷŴ԰ʢȪȥȸȸ°ɣ
üʢȪȥ԰
ֻսɫѿ
˵, òϢʢȪ
һ, ̧ͷ׼̲𣿡⻰ճʶؿ˿վڼߵ顣
뿴, ҲڼӣϢʲôʢȪйصĿϢԾҡ
ĬƬ̣һƣȻһ鷿ɡ
໥żȥ鷿
鷿ӽ쿪ʼ, ͰѲϢҪϢԾʽȻû˵, һֱôġ
֪, һἰʢȪ顣
鷿, ֪ʲôǡܱɶļ
߹ȥ˳, Ȼǽ, ȥһשǽƿˡ
ع, ǵ, ¥ݡ
վ, ߹޷
ͷǰ濪·
ҲԼʮұ㵽˵£¥һֱй⡣
ĻɣͷľӴһӣ֮ƣһõ͸ˮʯһһƴӶɡ
ˮʯ棬԰ѹʯͷҡ
Ȼڵ£ǹԴȴǼáΪľïʢʹƣдľߴڱΣңΣ
Ķ÷ľ
ֱߵһһӡһŷдšʢȪ
Ӵ򿪣ֻȫװɲ顣
ᣬֻܷһ̾ϢװǲϢܲ鵽ĸʢȪйصİӡ
йأܿôʡ
ͷйءЩ£Ѿ̲ʵˡ
ǰȥľóһš
Ҳ߹ȥһ
ЩصдСϢǰݣСеġ
õһȥʢȪµĴ¼ǡ
е꣬ʮգʢȪڳ⽭ۣºץ㣬ˮ˽ˣ⳥
̲ٷ¼ġ
Ϣ߼Ŀ
һ·ȥ֪ԭһˮ¼ڳСĶײʢȪʢȪһŭ֮°˴˳⣬ˡ
߼׸˵ⰸ飬Ѱƽ̲
̲ΪʧҪʱĴ𡱵ʢ⳥ӡ
ʢȪЩΪײںӣ±ˡ
Щɻ룺¼Ȼ̲֣˽ˣЩ߼ӦǷ˵ġΪβϢп
ֻǲϢ˽龭ֶΣڹϢҲǸǮŵݿڹЩ꣬Ϣһֱãõ౻߼ĿڹӣЩ˽¸ǵĿڹģ˹ãȻᰴ֮ǰ˵
ӣЦһһƽ˵ѾǼӵĻˡһһʲСĲƸʢȪǱȲݽֵǮöࡣ
ȥ
꣬ʮգʢȪǿȢһλƽŮҡû£Ůӱɥ
Ϣ󰲲ʢ˴Ϣ˵ŮǱŰ
꣬գʢȪ
ŷţȻֱӰеᡰžˤϣһӶʢȪǿŮļ¼ȴûһ¿óᡣ
ΪЩȫ̲ġ
֤ݵ֤ˣ̲ʵˣˡ
׸ǸϺ꣬ôطԶǰ̣ؾͿʢȪǸʲôˣʢȪйصģȫҽ/̲
պʢȪİӳʲô⣬Ҳմ
ķӦһޣһӲó֤ݣЩ
ʢݲһƷ̲飬ȻЩ꣬ѹô¡Щ£֪黹ǲ֪飿
˰䶫ᵽȥաһ룬سȥˡ
üżȥ̾һתһ񣺡£Щʱգ࿴ŵ㹫ӡ
Ǻˣ룬Ҫҿš
֪ȻЩɣǼȻ˵ˣǱٶ˵һҲ޷ʵڵư͡ڵ¸ϵʱûа취Ҳǲ·ֻˣÿһ˵ʹࡣҰ䶫ȥǱ׼䶫ҵܹʢص֤ݡ¹ӻǰЩʱǹӵˣԹӵľܹĸ档ǣǲͬ
䡰ǲͬҡ
ԼƴӣΪһǧ𣬿ȴַŲµ뵽ﱡ
׵Ĺ³֪ˡ
ףл¡
ãȻʵôģϲԵʣ
δ⣬仰ʱȷʵ㶡
촽΢ţ֮ŻصҡûҲ롣ǶԣҹĻ֮ϣ£ֻԶ۲¡
֪˵ʵ룬Ǹ԰ӿˣЩΪϢ˶ôġ
һȺںҹߵˣںҹܹΨһĹ⡣
һ֮һˣ˵һ㣬ֻӣܴ
һúöġ
ûٿ룬ż˵ҡ
ϣԼӣڼ֮ϡ
ȥЩ
оϢ㲻ٶˣš
ҾԼһߡ˵ͷЩ£ƽͺˡֺαء
ⲻǰӦ𣿡ѹα̺ȡڼϣΪӲãӦӦѧϰѧϰôչ㡭
ֹ֣סΡ
ͷż
£Ѿǧɽˮ֦ͷԾѶ
ӭ˳ģĻȡ
ǰʲôʱ򿴹ȥޱȣ˾õĮ
ǧɽ֮ϡĺѩ֮±סɽңô棬治ȡ

ȫѤõЦݣޱɣޱѡ
ôҫ۵ģģֹסۡ
ͷڻ֮ʯƵĹȦޱȵãį
л˵
ͷ
Ǹ\̲ڿڣû뵽_(:_)_


171  
ǵ
شڼļ, ͼһ¶ȣô䡣ڼϿɽʱķҷһֱзѩ, ಻¡
˵Щ, жǸʢȪһ, ž裬ˣ·ںµıݹһ, Ŵ̹ǵĺ硣
һûпͷҲûָ
һƬĬ
ĵԳЦôôûͷûβ⡣
ǰŶ
¼ʱڲɽﱡһѧ
겻ô֪Щ˵ģ
ˣǲǾʹָ֪ʲô, ֪˭
, ᲻ΪʧƲסԼ, ̲סؿŭһܣ
ʵ֪, ûʸȥ顣
۰ǰЩľţǰ˵ʢȪǱȨ۵ˡ
һɱ˫۵ˡ
ŭֻΪȵЩ, Ȩǰ, ʢȪûʲô𣬶ǳª˰
ʵȻ˵, Ĳ, ʡĸֶѡǰŲ, ⵽ŵ³ǵʢȪƣҪҲڳ䵱ĽɫһִˣҪеѡ
ױĴü
桢졢С
졢ʣ

ͷشЦЦöһһۡ
飬ɺһֻޡΪҪҵѪд
ΪԳִߡʸе
˭ǵȨ˭˭˭
ֹסز΢ȥ
㡭
ȥ͵ذתɺӣض顣
ü
ȻһȥߣߣҲ뿴㣬Ҳ뿴㣡ƽ룡Ϳͣ
㲻ҲҪ˵
Լϵ̺ӣҾһţ顣
죡ƽƽһ˷θ׵ؿȿȿȡȿȿȡ
طŰ֣·ҪѶؿڵʲôȳһ㣬ȵɤӴۡ
ҪǰһѣȴһƸ
ݺݵصһۡ
зУʱ˿ѾΡ
鵽ԼƢģܰסӲѾǼޡ
һٺУĻ
ôһˣȻҲµʱ
ǰ޳ʱֶõĲЩ׻ΪЩŽ첻֪ӹ԰ⶫ֮
һ˵ˣ
ˮܸۣս
²ȥҲǳ֮ͩȥͩҲִС
´һʼжԴ֣֮
ƽ˻ǰŵ˺Ժȡ
뿴ϣд󺧣æƽƽȥ¹׼ҩˮ
ƽתȥ׼
˲飬ֱܵߣϥ£żӣ
̫̫࣬٣̫һֱΣ
û£ֻԼͷһ𣬽ǰһڣ˱ʧȥ֪һߵȥ
ۿżȳһѪεŵֽűվҪݣȴһֱӰѼϱ
ʱյ˪ҶǱڱϣҲһҡҡ׹ᱡ
·һ˿һ㣬ۡ
鲻ҵ飬ż첽ǰԶ޵
ں棬һ֮ɫ
߱ʵô£
ȥһЩϢصӵķβãЩ¹ĵѾôˡ£빫ʲôûùô
Щûڣ֪ë㲻
óԴۿʢȪڶǸŵģʼЩҡЩ㯣Щ֪롣
ҡΪ񿴼˰ǰЩͬվڶͬȨƱ˵ͷľӵܡ
㯣֪Լڼֵ飬ǶǴ
֪룬ΪϢȸЩվϣҪǱһߣͣϸϸ˼
һϸϸ˼ͻҡ㯣֪롣
һѭԼⲻ
ԣҪ⿪
ϣûжԴֻиһ˵
ÿһ֮µˣԴʱ
һõľԦȺʱôǿ˼һõľյ˴
̫࣬Ļƺĳڼ˿ڣʹ˺ѷΣʹòȥ룬ʹú޲ȥ
ƽҩ裬֪ô졣

Ӧһ
ȥҪעĿ˳߰ҽҹЪƽеҩ裬ˮһһ׽š
Ӧһ㷭ǽ
ţҩˮһڻ
żҰ۵ȻӦˣҲ޷Լ
ǱȾⳡģӾһ̣𽥵Ļ
ʮ껪ôޱ߾лأ
Űҩˮι죬ҧš
üǰһֻҨһ㣬촽ȥҩҺһ˳¡
ιҩķʽιüҩι˰ʱŰһιꡣ
䵽ˣֱ弾޵
Ҿ֪Ҫϣ仹ûž¿ˣܲʡģ
ˣվλá
ݿѪȥûʲô
üײ
վЩβסûӦҲ
ﵽǼĵ̡
йûôҲܸܵΧƻղĵط˼ʮˡ
䣬ʱӿʱƸƼȥöû翵ˡ
̾һóչ룬һȣһһش̽Ѩλ
Ȼؿڴڴڵش֮ǰ˿̫ࡣ
˼룬΢üƽˡ
̣ݺݵصһۣȥҩȥץҩ
ͷȥˡ
ƽɫѾˣԥ£ҪҪԵ㶫ó׼㶫԰ɣ
ʵǸ㣬ͲԷˡ
һ뵽ҲûԣһûгԵģ᲻ɫͲԾصͷŪЩȵĶɡ


172 ֪ 
Ǳ
һ, ҹӵġ
˶ģˣȻҲ⿵ĺ֡
ƺѾǰȥ, ûжãƽһЩСˡ
ƽѶ, 򶫵Щ, ڵģϾͺáλԵһᡣ
û˵, ֻǶƽȭһ񣬱ʾл
ûʲôθڣֻǺһ࣬Ĵ͸ˡ
ûãˡ
һؿҳһ¡
˵ҲԸԸ⣬ԹԵȥ԰ӡ
鿴˿, ϡ
˵˵աߵһŹ, 顣
ûʲô˵, ǹ⼤ġ鴹Ȼҽ, ֮ǰһǲйǻѪУ岻
㵹ǳʵͷ, ʾ鿴ò, йûʲôʵ𣿡
΢΢һ㶣, ֪˵仰˼
˫ֱһ, °ͣΪ˱֤, Ҿûʡ
һҲīֱʵķǰǰǳ˵𣿡
û뵽һ
ü֪˭
ЩɣûҲûȫ˵һʼԼ֪ٵͿ϶ˡ
аɣȻ֪ݣôұ㡣Լ񡣡һϲóʵһֱѹԼĸ顣
ѹԼĸ飬ѹŸ
֪ηʲôȻ˵ǱͣҲԡ
ӻ𳡳˺ءЩˡ˶ҽ˵С£Ҫﴴ˷ǳء˶٣˵ϴΣ㱻ɱʱӦüη𡣡
һ
ηʧȥ˴󲿷ֵļ䡣Цǰǰһҹʱ븸ĸֳһӡ˵ʵ̫ʹˣѡǡǣӦ֪Ǽ֪ߣܼǰǼµȥ˹ؼԵ¼źƽ֮·ߺܶࡣ
˵̾һǣÿһصǸҹʧˡ֪Ϊʲô𣿡
Ϊ徸Ӱ쵽춼ûʧԸϣԸ룬Ըӡ仰ꡣ
Լ֮ǰļԼʹЩƣذסԼ̫ѨɣԽԽʱ䱣ľ״̬ԲٴǣҲʧءҡԺ󿴼ģйڱ徽йڰǰԽ࣬ԽܻԽԽԼơ𣿡
仰һ֪⣬ɻ
˼±任˱﷽ʽ˵ǣӿܻõķչУĵԲС
ԲУһ
ͷһֱкĸС˵취汱徽˵ʵģһֱѰһֿԼѵǣ˵ıܡǸڿЩΣյ¡ڿȥûʲôģһ񣬲֪ܲסˡ
䣺£Լ֪𣿡
ҡͷܸ˵Ǹ˵ˣȥԼ񻯵ĸ졣Ҳ֪ΪʲôΪֻҪϲӦϲȫõһ棬ҲҪܡ
һԼʵӦԼҲָоʱԼҲ֪ԼܺܺõĿҸҩ¯ﶼһζҩġӦ֪Һ㡭Ӧ˵һֱġܸܵԼĳ⡣ҽ̸ϣܹٸԼѡĻᡣϣҾҪء
ءؼһ
֪ԼԼ⡣˼ûжУֻϣܹЩڵҽȣӡ
ü²ôйǡ
Ͼ֮ǰսײߵļ֮ġ
֮Բ飬Ϊϲ飬ܽԼ
̹ϣ
䲻ٶ˵ֻؿһۣȥ˺
ĵط˼ͷŹϵ£˫ֻ£䡣
˼ƮúԶ
䲻֪ΪʲôļֻԼ֪
ٵģ۵ģŮװཱུģģ
ʱôҲ뵽һŮӣȻΪȨü
ǵģһμʱѾ֪ˡ
үүվھӪʱĿһֱǸбŮϡ
û֪һؾ飬ĳ峿ĳУһѡ⻶Цˣһֶô𺳡
Ϊͱ̵ļ
ߵ˶̵еӴգеŮĵ£֪
ʳԣ޲ϵĹء
Ϲ˳ϡ
ʮһǣŻүүվھӪʱ򣬾ͿǸϵ꺢ͯ
شЦ޹˼ɵйԼе
ԶԶǸӣ˾ȣǱĽˡ
йΪӣⱲӶ޷ġ
ֱ徽ʤүүڻʹ뱱徽ϵˡŵһΣؿǸĺͯ
ԭһСѾͷƻƵĹװཱུӣ˶֫ôߵüɽһԾ£ˤֻƨɣ㱿վ
ֿ죬¶һЦݡ׶εСһȱһԽɰԲıҲһСС롣
鼸ǲ˼ػ֡
ȵС۾գѽգ
ػС硱˲Ʒ
ŻүүھӪǶʱ䣬ʱǲԾȥѰǸûмɵӰ
һաһµأ
ĳһգȻǸӰȻһСѾͷʱ˻ϲؿ
ıӪ³˼ľ֣Ҳ˳³˼ݡͨӡԩ飬ôԼ˴Ķע
ǳ
кȻͷǰھӪǸɵŮӡ
ʮı塣
ʮȴûؿʮĹӼ
Ϊ֤еĲ룬Żǧ󡣶ǳأĽƷ塣


173 л 
֪Ҹˡ
ȥǸŮӵıǼǲҲһСС롣
֮, ԼĺƷ壬ǸŮӡ
ıǼһСС룬˵ıľ괺һ, ±ʻ
ȷǼϵǿС֮ȲҪ, ĻĮһ, ӪǼ࣬۳ҵĸо, ޱȻϲ
ǣôԭཱུģӣ
ԭֻѩһĲ԰ף˶֫ϸ۾Ҳİռݡ
Ƿֱʮ׾
, ȴֺ
һеһо, 
շ, ദĻỹ࣬л̽˼
֪޶, Ϊޣϳһ̣ס
·Ķ͡
ʧȥʮϢھȻܹһЯֲΰءһһ, 
һһ̽ĵ, ȴһԼ
ûϵеǷ, еġ
Ե, ķ, 
ֱﱡĳ֣ˡ
ﱡʱ̣Թﱡ⡣
áС޲ԴʮǡΪ͵סӣ룬ȻƲסԼķŭ
תȥģﾹȻһֱʹ
Ļڶϻ졪ļ
ˣļôǵٵʱ԰ǴżȻ
ϾĽô֪վǸλϣһо۵ףӡ
ӣ򶫲֪ʲôʱѾվ󣬡ˡ
ˣ
һ·׺һ磬ӻ˳
ͷûֻһƽˣ̧Žݡ
ѾŴأ˼ͷͣݵûһɫѾذˣ̫ܳ˻ɡ
Ȼȥˣ˵Ѿûˡ
ڴ齱ߣż𣿡
ûֻǻر۾
֪˵ҪҲҪԱ˲ɣ
ûжҲûκλӦ
鿴򶫣ȥŪ
򶫹¡
˵ҲǿֻԹԵ˵ڼȥҲ޷סڸ㡣ҽαְλּܿͻᵽˡЩ££׼
Ҫ£ܵ۾
ĸײأжαһְӦûڼչ˸סѸߣܻܿ궡ǡ֮λһֱȱΣõҽαɵλá
һ飬ҽƷ£ûˡƷְƷ£ڵĹְƷͬƽ֮Ӧòʲô֮
ΪҪõҽ˼Ƭ̱Ǹʣ
ʿûнְְֱһɵĹְʷ̨ѹסһƷı£ǿԡ
֪ƸΣҲҪڱ˾ֵ֪˾ʤθƷܹԱ
ϾڸλϵˣûжʮͷԱ
ʵ鵣ĵģδ֪ȻϻۣȨı֮ͨ
ս϶սֱ仯ǳ֣սЩԸ˵ı£ڳϣЩתҽѾٳǱֻ꣬ܶÿģͱȰ塣
ôһͣҲûˡ
پ׼ȴ֣һۡ
ţ΢ͣ±ȴӳ֮λ˳ʼɡ
ü
ȸı䳯֮ϵĹΪ˳򡭡˼һէȥûʲôѰζġ
һɹζųü졣
Щ걻ѹĹǣò˷Ļٲڽ°꣬ôܻһϱ飬Ͱλ˳˻
Ͷʯ·ܿܶ˵
Ӳ˱飬Ҳһ
ãôԸлú˵
򶫶һŷŵ˼Ĵͷҹˣ㣬ϢšҲãҳҲգҪ˲һֱҲǣ
ûصһֶۣ࣬ߴ˴
֮£ҵĴżЩ֪룬㲻ҪȥҾǿܣΪʲôҲ֪岻ãܡ
лһ࣬ϢѰ̴úԶҡʵ֪˵ĶǶԵġǡʱû취ԼȥһЩеûġ˵ʲô̬Ȳá
ڵļ侲ԼǷҩˣȶԺܿ˸ղִˡ
ûãü۴ЩƣһȪȥЪŰɡˣʲôҪȥģȥ飬ܲҡڵݣûʲôСĵ㣬Ǻõġ
ͷʹ˴е࣬ڰ꣬ѿڴͷرȥˡ
鿴˯ˣŴȥ˸ڵȪݡ
ȥʱ򣬱˳˻һЩţȪ
Ȫݵʱ򣬰Ѿˣһҩġ
£ҩĴ򿪣ҩ¹ģȪȥ˵ǿԸõ˿ŵĺ
ӹҩҩģ΢Ц
Ǹ춹ĵѾͷҹһ̸֪Ϊʲôһֱ˳ˡ漾򱧲ƽǿĶ˳ۡ
ƢȻ꣬ǣĵȴĽ
˵ҩպӦٶЩ
ȪԡõԡأȪйȪҩȥ˼£㿴ÿӽˡ
ֻһ볤İɫ㣬ϰ´šŵ£Ȫһߵ¥ݻˮˮû˼
΢΢ףҪȥ
£۾лҪͬ˵
΢΢һ㶣㹧عԡرϡ
Ҳһɡһݷҹ棬ҲûˣûôأֻھӪ
Цˣ΢΢ױʾл⣺бǡ
û˵꣬һȪһɸߵˮֱӰѰ˸͸
ŶǱİ£˵𣿡
̾һòʪ͸˵
ȪعȪұߣߣмһɼĵطһֻˮס
Ȫˮˣ԰ַյ¸ڻһ㡣
۾سһǷɡ


174 ߾ʦ 
˲ò
ϡϵˣʡ
ް, ˰̡ЦЩСڹ֪й, ֡
ˮ, , 飬˵ˣ
鸸ײ, жǡõ½αλáۣôģ
ûʲô뷨λãֻȥͷ
ǣͷľķ̫ˡڱפ˰, ֪ǿ, ٲپ, ¶ĽɽܿҪ֮ˡʱ, ͲҪ̸ʲô֮λˣ˻ᣬ֣궼ݡ
Σ鿴, ûиְ, ʿôҲӲμӿƾٿȡ, ΪĲǽ볯Ϊһ֮
飺ǵ¾ʤһְ, ȥֻ֮, 볯Ϊ٣缾ӶԵ°󡣱Ͼ̲ʷ̨̫뻧Ȼ̫ӵģʵǹ̫ʦһƿءСǵµȻΪѵ¡óǱŵһսɳ꣬µľо̡Щ꣬Ķպлո뱱սԵ֮ٹ⣬ǵĺ󷽲߻ᱻ˶ֽšǵʱ򡭡
ʱȻбİ취ЦЩڱԵƿ𣿻ңÿľѸøģӦöˡɾѵ˵طֻа֪ǱЩˣп˿ȥ
ÿÿἰѣһ̾Ϣ
ԵȺǻûк׷ϣûкõĿ׵˴󵶹Ϊ˰ǽʾ֭Ǯ
ϾˣЩӣڱʮ˵Ǳˮн
黿ڵϣ֪ԼƵÿҲɧʵͻϮ
ɧͻϮֻҪһǧˣ׷
֮٣Ҳõİ취
Լͳ˰ǧЩ꣬ǧɱŷɥ
ǰϼȥɽӪն󽫰Ү׼ԣһαķ˱塣
һֱڣСʱ䣬嶼ûٴη
ؽһȨƣ顣
飬ǴݻھеǱĲѡܽΪ飬Ǳ顣
Ȼ֮䣬˱Ĭˣи˼Ҳ֪Ӧ˵Щʲôˡ
ǰʲô֮⣬ܶ£ԲſҴšںȻҪĿ֮¸ĸﶫ
һʱҲûʲôףҪ˵ˡ

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ڣĽžʵϡ
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ĺƷϵĹ߾ʦӼҽ£컹ûѾ
ȻȽӵϢġ
鷿ڣڲϵⲽվһ¡
ȷȥӴˣǹӼ˹һۣһ飬ǹӼ
ͷǵ˻ľۼ˴Ӵ˼ӵڶȥ˲飬Ҳ鵽ǸۡǼģֻǲ֪кͷֱ´Ǩţ´żһȦӼݣ
Щ˿ڿഫ飬ȥ֤ʡ
еġóһֽݸˡһ¼ǰǴ󱱷һһǳأǼײߡ
ӹȿ˿Ӽ¼ʵΪð´ȥˣ
ص˧©Ȼΰ²Ӯô˳
ֻǴŵɨһ۾֪˵Ϊʲô֮Ϊ߾ʦˡ
սֻۣҪǮ˾ı
ǱЩɧŲԣĹűӰӡȻԶ۹򲻿֮ܰûһһ
˵˼ƾһ֮˶۹ŽŲ
Ҫα飬ȥݷֹ߾ʦǺ
ǣûйң֪ǮͰµСйϵǱΣյ飡
ǷǱۡŴʸߵĳ£ǱǸ̾ôãܻôʱ䣬ҪĶ²Ǯܹģ
֪ĵʲôһ̾Ϣ
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ڼȥĵڶһӵϢ
еܱã
ôʺ
˼Żش𣺡һѷĵǸֵˣ޿ɺǡϾðµαһְ԰ڱֶΣδҪıֻˣٶһͳ
һоçѣҪôУΪһҪ˵ҲеСı̷ˮҲʲô˻
̧£ӣ£ĪСˡ΢ܾã֮ǰսһ£Ѳ˸ϵ
һë׾ըЩ죬֮޴йһ־õ壬ȴȻʧ֣һǡ
£Ǳɽһ㣬һһӶģ
΢У⻰˵˵ġ
΢΢ͷʵЩʱգ΢һֱв룬ϸ룬ЩʱԽӵǷ̫ǡɣڱʤһ飬Ͼǳأ˰˧ϾĻᡣǶ֪˶ãҪʩȰ֮ڣĥצɡ
˶٣ƺ˼·ɣʷ̨Ķ̫ɣֱǰѵ͵̫ӵϡ̫ӵ°֣Ҳôܵô졣ƶ鷢չÿһؼ㣬ʵʱˡ²Ҳ̫𣿡
ϸϸ֮ǰÿһ·ʱ㣬ȷʵʵʵƶո·չ
е飬һ˫֣¶ɫػƽ
պԼ룬ʶҪڸ֮ǰ
ոǹͬıġ
ʱðһһһڣһ˫ѹ򲻿һ˿飡
ˣ󾪿ֵɲ
ЩǣڲŲµѾ̫ˡ
ΪΣü
֮ǰһģô˾ǳǸֻǰǱȫ׼»ᡭŪɳ׾
죬֮ǰĽѵǰ
ֺݶӣ󵼣Ϊ췴׼Ϊ꼴֮С
һʯİϷǰɱ£ˣм»һҪʲô
ʲôԱߵģ
뵽ô
󣺡̫ӵ£΢˽𣿡
֪˼ΪΣһʱ֮䲻֪Ӧôش
ֵ˽֪Ŀģ΢Ӧ֮ߡ
˼ΪΣЩɻ
΢ܾãĿڴ֮ϵһƬůҪĲǶ֮λ


175 л 
㲻ȥȸ𣿡
Ȼ糯, ۵ݽ˴ǳʡǳϼ˵ȥһְԭ򡪡Ҹأжǡ
һʹһ߱ʾԳ͢, Ĩ˼ᡣ
Ҳһʹ֮飬˵˼պҪ, ˾Ͳûһʹޡ
һۿ, ֱ˯˾͵ͷʲô, ͵ʲô
ݴǳʣպ󱻵֮λΡñ¼Լλ꣬궡ǹȻƷ𲽡Ҳ֮ǰһ㣬ڱλձ
ҪȻ˵ܻ쵽ЩλϵˣϺأ
ǳһ, ҲûͰѱλø, ֻǵĴǳ, ûɣְ, Ӧѡһˣα֮𡣲֪λ磿
Ҷǰһ˰壬΢ƾٰ¡, פر߹, ոϤ, Ǳ鲻ѡ
վҶ, гҲǰһ, 顣
Ҳ飡
顣
΢顣
һվĸˣҶƾ١
һʱ䣬֮ϳ˸飬ûбˡ̫ӵͷһԲ
˰壬վ߽ͣ׵̫½˰ɣ
ͺ˯һ㣬ͷô˵۾гһ죬ص̫ʦ⻰Ϸû
Цʱ֪ˡ
棬˫ֳŰ빣ŵʵ̫ΪΣ
ûϵۻһ㣬Щ㵵̧ͷһڳ˵ҪҪαһְҪ¶ᡣ
Ц⻰ûˣ
ȻӦôˬ죬ѲΪƣֱʵˣ
Ȼڳû°ͣԺּȥɡɢ˰ɡ
*
ԴּȪݣּҪЩˮǮƴǣ¾ͲҪɷūˣ°£Ǳ֣յµĲˮǮūԺ󶼲ּˡ
ִһڸǰ༸ʮ꣬ûйҲп͡Щɢӣҵһ⡣գǱǲҵˣ
̾һȴҲƣ⻰ˡ
£ع
վ԰ʥּûһ¡
еʥּαּôˣ
ͷ
ǡ´տʼҪϳ˰ɣ
š
鿴˿ͷѾӽŵʱˣȥڣָĸдӡϻۡ
񣬹顣
ߵǼţƽ飬񣺡ˡ
ͷֱʣǼҹʲô
ƽ˽ǰ·ůæûȥ֪Щʲô˰һ˹ӵӲãҲԼů￴Щ顣
һʯ·Լߣƽȥæɡ
ƽȥŪˮڸ𣿡
ҪӿϲŰ̾һ
ƽЦúÿǱҪˣʲôȥԸ׼
Ҳʳ죬룬á
ƽӦ£Цӯӯȥ˺
԰ӲС԰ŮɨҶֻǵͷҲżСһѲ߹Ҳף㼱Ҵҵˡ
ܸоóټļĴˣ뼾ſʼһɽŵϢ
ƽȻȴûб΢뾴֮ɫ
ˣʱ̶ְĽϡȻ֪ΪʲôǶܸܵõ˶ӭǡ
԰ӣû˴˵ֻʱȥԵøȡ
쵽ҵʱ鿴վ棬ӱĿ
鿴֣˿ʵģ
۵˵ͷ
𣿡߹ȥ
ҡͷ
ߵţûл
ɻؿֵ֣濴顣ֱӽȥҲ޷
Ŷ룬ůͷԼСѣ˸һֻСèһ棬ؿţһҳһҳطһᡣ
ԱСϷһģһĲӣůϷһӣ鷿ҿļ¼ʢȪӼӵӡ
ȻɢעȴǺܼУţ˫һ࣬ϸ̺ӣ̺̯ᣬһַֻҳһֻһС̼̼ϲ˲һֻʵģָĳطһһػš
һô⣬Ǿ档
߹ȥڰһߣĿԽᣬСϡ
һҳϣҪٻһתͷ㿴ߣʱһ˶һ¡
üʲôʱģ
鿴һֻСèһըëȤȥǸС̼ʲô
ûֻȥ棬Լֻһᣬͷš
۾ʲôط̧ͷ֣ҡ
Լקһֽ滭˼ʣ̫̿ӲǿԣҪд֣дбʷͺˣ̿ʻ
ƽ˲㣬ˮһڣ⿴˰գ
һ
ȻһֱҲǸ¡
ɢעЪһᣬαּˡ
һ
Ĭ
û󻰣̧ͷֻһã˭һ㣬ɻգգ۾ֻΪ˵£ֺģ
֮䣬Ͳ˵л𣿡鲻˵µӡ
ִһгһŷ⣬ǰ
ϢӡѾ롣гֽ̯ȥ
ֽϼ¼ǽ糯йԱһһС˭ʲôʱ˵ʲôһһʱ˳һĿȻ
ԭϢ¼Ϣô¼ġ
ѹһ㶼棬Ϊ֪ϢҪöࡣ
⡭Լȥһγ۾΢Ϣ޿ײ롭
ּ⵽ڵʱҾ֪˽糯Ϸ¡ֵͷеĲӣ˵л
ðɣ˵˵л첲ŰԼĴ󳤸첲Ѽ˹
ù飬ֻܵû£û¾ͻȥôԸЩĹ٣ٲþͲĲϾҪʼԣʲô
㲻ȥȸ𣿡ڰϡ
ʢȪȥӲȸǺߡ


176  
ҪȥȥҲȥ
ڼ, һһ¸ż羱ͷ˰գҲòۣ
ŷЩӲһһ°Ȼ, ۹֮һɡ
㻹ЩĿ
ǰܿ游򡣡
ٲϲۣһӹɵ, ǾǶ۴ӵǻʼ, ǲأûȱһ糯Ȼĺ, ҲȷʵһĻʵۡ
˶ӣѼ»˳磬ȥȸ
ãҸһȥʲô㴦˵飬Ұ㴦鿴˿ͷƽӦѾ׼, ȥԷաʢȪӼ߰, ô, һʱҲ꣬ӿǸˣ
ͷ, ȷʵûˡ
Щѵ˫ȣȱȸľû, ľûкת

ָźص̺, Ȼѹúɡ
ܿ͸оԼȵѪҺֵȣһһ»صȡ
, ĲΪЩͷ, ҿ顣
ͷ, ĶͷıϢһë޵Ĵһִδй飬գȾһƬѩ
鿴ȥҧһڣһڣ޷ƵĶҩһȥҲ޷ˡ
ֻҲû˿ͳӵ׵ɳڼĺв³ǿˣҲ๡
ɳһˢżÿһѪҺҪǳˢһ㡣
ǴŢаԼٿشůվȥߵαߣȥա
ЦЦ۾
֮󣬼Ϣһᡣ
ǳʱ䣬ȥİ²ǳ֪Ĵȥһ룬ޡѰ²ᵽԺӲ棬רԱ۵Ŀӡ
ط֮ǰǴһҲǸܰ칫ĵط
ɰһӦףš
ɣȥùٷԶ
Ƿһ񣺡㲻˵ˡ
תȥ˸񲿵Ժ˹ٷ˰塣
Ϊƾٵ飬æѲҶ顣
Ҷ࣬УЩС£ˣοһˡ
޷鸺ֶУ˳·
ҶЦţ½α飬ϲ£¹ӦøЩǡһڽ¹Ҳ֪ʲôõ¸ˡŵпգһ𣬹ص¸һҪ
ҶһۣЩ˵ա
ǡҶףۿѾ͵˲ſˣֹºߡ
ǣͷҶһۣع
ȡ¶̱ޣ޶ȥһں档
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鵽ʱ򣬼Ѿˡ
˦򶫣ȥ˼ҡֻſڱĿĽŲۡ
ʣʲô
ֲմ·ںȲ衣
ͷߵŶ롣
Ѿһ£һͷͷڣһ湫ӵģ
׼𣿡
ͷȥ԰
żһţڳϣڳϣȻڵҶȥҶԷ˵ǹء
̧ͷЦһ
ǺԷеᣬԼŮѲȥҶҳԷҶŮҶлԣڷϣҶٴ磬ǲ͵ڼӵؽĽ㣿
鿴żһ䵭ӣоȻЩСϲã˵ȥǲȥ
һۣΪң
㡭ѲҵҶŮȥǵգ㲻ȥΪңǲܳŵġ
˼أ
鵭Ȼ˼㵹ҡҪҵ˼ǲȥԼ̵޷ңǴΪҪǻ
̾һôλã붫һһ͸ģôҲ˰ɡҶɱͲʲôųλãҲǰˡ
˼ǣȥü
ȥɡЩţŵĵ̣׻Ҫĳؿ󡣶ҲһʱˣǺڼҲûܹôĿࡣӦǳˡ
ɫҪȥȥҲȥ
ȥЩ㶣ΪҪ˵
ĿôȰڼЩ̣һаѹסð
ӵˡ
ֲ֪϶һֱżġߵΧ
һֱͣ˳¼һڳ
ĺûģˡ
£Լų
԰ĲҵһЩġȸɼˡ
԰İȻˣڼȫǲûֱӸ˵˭ֻǽȸԺ￴һҪǵöչˡ
ǳзˣŵˣȸʢȪߵ飬ȥЦλӣˡǶԲסλӲ԰Ӽƽϱ԰ӵĸλӡ
һСľƣٵǰ
Сɣպñһסվڲ棬Ҳûõʲôģġ
ܶ϶ŵľʵӣΪòҲżóǿʱɢһ㡣
һӣóʹãɱݵѰĶĶζ
ǰӣȷʵһͨڣһ֣Ϻõľɵġοյ̵Ĺռ临ӣѰѧġ
Զ̺ŵĹأֻҪڡšֵľһΪ뱾ˡ
ӲԵµκβҵֱӴԶ̺ôǮ
ҵƹǶ֪ôһӣǴδóùû뵽ӵʹߣ뱾ˡ
Ȼ֪ӵʲôϵҲٲµһЩĵЦݣʵкηԸ
ʣȸ԰
һʵȸɫˣصڡԺ
ˣü
ҡͷһƣɡ
ɻؿ˿飬ʾȥ
żǰԺ¥ȸסĵط
԰ĺԺһƽһ𽨵ģֻǽˡȸסĵطƽУ䷿⼫ãԿȸ԰Ǽܳġ
żһ˵ſڣԼǰȥţȸй㡣


177  
ҹĹ飬
ȸڴ, üʹͽ˰⼸˵ˣӿ͡İôûȤ
ȸͷغ
ЩΪѵؿӡ
ӣ
ȸô, ʱϱ㲻ˣ, ⿴ȥȻһߵӰ, ӡڴֽϡ
ȸ£뼾ӽ
Ӧ, Ҳţֻƿţ˽ȥ
ȸסӲվôˡżݣ档
ȸ񣬼ڰ֣Űɡ
ȸҲ, ͷ, ͷϡһ, ޵ͱͬήĻһ㣬ûɫ
ôˣü, 
ȸЦţû¡ͺˡ
ʢȪ˶٣ˣ
ȸ죬ЦţûС
ż, վ, Ҫȥȸ
ȸһӣôʹã
ֵ棺ӣɡѹӲվţ
üż, ʵʵ˵
ȸԸ˵, ɼôվ, ˵ȥȷһ㡣̾һҲǴҡ
ʲôɻʾ¡
飬һı飬Ҳٹִ˻ȥ
ȸ޷ݡ
żȴֲٱ
ţȻڣӵܶһЩϰϲһЩ
鿴˼һۣûס
ȸѾһͷһʢӣϲ𡣡

ûʲô˼Ѿˡ
ü𣬳ʵˣ
⻰һŻȻԭʢȪϲûˣ
ȸ죺˽ܡϡǿġ
˳⻰룬ʱʲôϢǶˣɴ۾ȸ˵㱻ĪҲΪʢȪõԵʣ
ȸ̫һǰ飬޵ص˵ͷǰЩ꣬ʢӵһ԰ϲз硣һͿҡ
úÿ
ȸûаԼúÿʱˣԽÿԽࡣ
ô֪Щ档
ԻصдСϷ\壬ֻܾԣ
ȸͷ
Ϊβ˵һɶҲѡһ
ȸЦ̧ӡֻҪͶ㲻ġ뿪Ҳ뿪֪ģҪۣۿһС

ȸĸֿ˼
۾ֲϵ
鿴öȸе˼
ÿһΪ˼͵ˣǻ
ǲԸߣҲԸˣΪǻоŵİǡ
ǶΪֻҪԼ踺һЩǾͻһ˿˿Ļᡣ
һ˫˫֣һڼĲϣקڸĵ·ϣǶѪܣ
ӣȸŲ򴲱ߣҵѾˣҿԡҿԡ
УȻſۣҲ
ӡȸһᣬĵʢڼǰ
һؼţ˵ԹԵתγӡ
鶢Ųʮ꣬þò
̧԰İȸҴȥˣ԰Ӱɡ
һ㵣ʲôȸˣ
һᣬŻعζ˽ǴӵģҪ˭ߣСȻԼһ׬Ǯ̨ӣľӣɲ
ǡס
ųȥһذ͵
Ĭģһȥ⳵һӣȸʰ
ԼӣŹţЩˡ
һ޷Ƶײżʡ
ͷ۵
ŶͷڲϵشУͷʹѡ
̲סԼԴ
һ֣ҲƲסÿһ£ͻñͷ۸۵ʹ࣬ʹԽǿңоԽ泩
вһĶſϣµУǸߵʹɣǰ徽¼ǧˣֻһ˻㣬ʹɣɡһ𣬸һصĵطͲôʹˡɡ
оΧһһر룬޴ӡ
֮У˫֣ſΧϣ򣬿סͷ
ЩŢסۣסĶ䡣ʧҲʧۿԼһƬڰ
֣ͼץסһβ
ҡ
Ⱦҡ
˭Ⱦҡ
Ҳ٣ҲȥȾҡ

ڰ֮кȻһˮտޱȡ

ǵˮǰ߿ϵŢɱ䡣
оһֻ֣ס֣Ƭ֮˳

һ⣬ֱĺڰ

һʶȻصϣǰˣ飬֣һһغƬŢ֮أ˳
۾۵ľ֣˲һᣬ˵ļϣر
Ǽһһ˲ͱһֻƸͷظš
ҹĹ飬ʲô
飬ҡͷ
԰ﻹбĿˣȻʶˣһĹӣģϧʱס죬Աߵˣٶ
ȥգѦǲҪȥ
ļϹ˹һ
Լ·ϣúЦã԰
ȥ·ϣĿһֱϡ
ɴ޵شʱü˵ͷ̯ϵ⣬ʱֻܿɴɵһƬģ

ȥ֣ŻعҪֳ
ȴסɣůţʵôôⶼˣסȪķ
ص˵Ѫáúܵĵطš
ǰסϷȷʵů͡
Ұһᣬٲûȥø¯գ˭Ҳû˵˾ͲǶѦȥѦӸ㿪ЩѪķӣʲôŪҩĸ˵ȥţ
ʵ˵ûõģȥİѦҽҩҪѪ
ĵֻʲô룬ӣԼ״̬һЩ
һǵӣߣôҲ˵ˡ
ҩߵ˷ЩǱȰɡ
ͷš
л˵
༭1V_(:_)_
Vնڷܸ°d(^_^o)
V30¿ʼעŶ
齱ҿVԺо£³齱
˼ҿɰУҵıҲҪУоо໣עĹ滹ٺ١


178 ͨ 
˵һð¡
㶨ջ, ҪҪٶסգȥ˶ӣδôɵʱˡ
ҡͷҶڸӦ
޷, ҶлԵǰȫ, ûٸ鷳
ԺǼ, ʡ͵ĵơŽҶлԼյ㣬Ҷɾ֪, ҪȾơɼԺڶĿء
ЦûᷢԻݡײǰ
̾һ㷢Իݡ
ǳʲô鲻˵ԺǼûϵŮˣ˲ĳӻ᲻⣿
֣Լɡ
˼һ㶼Լ˵ڼšȪݣѾ˼ĸķ, ֡
ҹȥһ˻, ݻ˻
Ҳڻϵż, ܣٲ߶Ҳ̫Щ, 㣬ʱʱҪլӿϢȻһֱŹӰɡ
ϵŮڰ＾ͷڼǡ
ͭ￴㻹ûҲȥ, ͲȥȪﵽʱס, ĵҲˣӶûһ, Ѳ÷Ը, ЩҲԸն顣
޻Է
԰ժȸ, ˺չԼ£вͷ
ףǡ
ҪѰݣҪЩʱա̧ͭ΢ݹԼ̫õġ
ܾü˵仰ʱ͸ź
ʣҲ˵Щʲô
ҹ˰Ҳҹصģ˼ǰš
ظȥ˿
ҪޣѾ˴ˡ
⼸տװӣ㲡ŮװģȻǶһ˿Ľᡣ
ԼǻױݵԵʡ
Щץű㡭Ъţ
ȥ֣֮ǰȶˣҡͷȥסšˣ磬ϳҲǰ˼̡ҪȥУ̫磬˯£ǻ˹㡣
һﲻ֪ΪʲôȴһЩСʧ䣺ҹ¶أЩȥϢա
ᣬ˯ˣߡ
ʲôÿģ˯ˡ΢졣
΢Цٶ˵䣬춼ҪҾͿֱȥУˡûȥǲӡҰһЩȹ㿴ˣȥá
顣
һ
ţ
̧
лл
˵˱ӣȥ˯ˡ
û뵽лΣֻҪʼԹá
ѱãȻףһ޽ǣƶůůһҹĺ䣺˯ɣˡϳϸ˵
۾鿪ֹţ۾ŷŷǹ޽ǣ˵ů
Щ飬֪ԡ
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գʱ̣ߵŽ顣ۣӦһȥˮ
ϴһ£ȥУʼŸһϲ١
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ЩһɫԽŲۡԺΪĻеһ㡣
緹򵥵ͷһ˼⣬ԼԵе࣬ӾЩСš
̲סԼĶӣп⵽ǲڱѵ֮ǰһࡣ
ʵ˷Ҳ
˽ϧһпϲٵĻᣬƴıеΣнǰĸ
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·İգٶͣе£ճյ鼲۶ȥıӰԸпÿδôÿӡ
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ӹ֣ǣȥǡ
ϣԶԶؾͿվǰֶ
ȥѾʲôܣֻʱ˿ȿϵϣܲˡ
ƿӿڵͷڣ佫Ĺ۰ѹڸ̲סشģ³ת
ף档üҪȥ̽̽𣿡
˿ȥкӦõġ
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179 λ 
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ͷ, һ˿ң̹Ȼǡǲ鱱£һȫϡ
Ŀһ, ˳ȣǹ̫ʦһֽ̳ˡ
պ׷Щʲ, Щġ
, ûҽ⻰
⻰Ҫôӣ˵ã
ⲻڸ, ̰߾£֪ģɱĿԵϣִӺζ֪
ϡ
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֮ڶϳ, ̫վһ, ͢վҲһšڶʡ٣Ҳλá
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վ, վλ, ôô˳ۡ
վˣŷӦվԵѾؼТԼصĸˣλɰΡ
̧ͷȥɨһȦǰվŵȴ飬ֻͷȥ档
һ۾Ϳվм䣬ǰҲˣ۾һֱǰɨӣһӣ뵱ϳ˲亹
صͷȥѹ͵£λǰ棬΢
۾
Լ֪Ҫ˵ʲôֲ飬ֻӲͷƤָ⳯ϵվλͶµĹأʲô⣬Ҫ΢æĵطӦ֪΢
һۣЦЦ£ùܵģҪ֪ʲô
벻ҸװɵϴװɵװˣװɵԼ뱲ӶҪˡ
æǷ̬ȼã££££ӳ顭
鲻飬Ȿʧְλ²λλ͡Ҷҿһˣǽܴĺܺá
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¼ݵ
˵ţˡ
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ƽ֮󣬶վ룬Ҫſڣ£𷣣
Щ²⣬ϲɫ֮а
ϥ˼Щϳվλǳʧְ³ͷ
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Žα飬Ҫڳϳͷ
վλͼվںǶ
Ȼһԭͷ£վڴǣ׷̧ͷ
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ƳһۣվģȻϺꡣ
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۰֣ʹ̫ͣʦ̫Ԫϣι飬վλ¿϶ǵôдģ
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Ŷ۵ͷһӣȻ̫ʦ̫񲿽˵£ǾͰλûɣû¶
۰Ĺٻλ˵ĸҼһ㣬£
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̾һŵЦЦʵ̫ʦ̾ʲô
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磬¹εһ죬ͽ⳯õ˸˸˸ûзء
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٣Ҳ˿ɽֱͦվڳ֮ϡ
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ỰҲ֪˭ڳ֮й˵ģѾһ񿴻ȥߵĹٶ졣
һѪɱ¾Ŀ֮һǧ˪ѩһɷЩ˲ſںġ
ǿӲ̫ӣҪʱâ˭ҸӲӲ
ЩϺС֪꣬鲻Ʋ磬ټ˶֪ڶеλ˼ԴϵɴñҲȥùͷ
׷׵ͷְ
վ֮ճҪ۵顣
л˵
VʧܣղأĵЦ
ʱϵͳһֱV쿪VҲ̫ȼš
ǸǸ


180 Ҳ 
飬ͷˡ
˵ʱ, 󺵣ֽճɻϱ߶꣬ȥ, ౻ãϱߵճɿҲҪЩӰ졣ֻв궬ѩ, ˮʼ, 治ӣӦǸꡣ
ֵ, ֮ǰѩ֣͢Ѿ֡һûмˮڼ࣬˰ñϢٲһЩǮȥвӣѷũ, , ˰, ͢ӣԸõѩֳӵ»ȥ, Ƿֵأȶġ
˵գǰ걱ߺδѩɽ, ֮ϱ߶, ֮οˮغӵ̰ӦǰȥѲ, ʧ޻ǲȹ̵, Ӧþ簲ȥӹ, ļ࣬κˮǾ̡
׼ԣһжǰͰ࣬ûʲôҪ»㱨
̲飬ǶţëҪ˵ڶ˵ꡣյһնˣ۸ˡ
ۻ㱨ȥԱˣ۵ݽһԱõҵȫϵεģҲҵرҪְ۵ġ
۽ӹֶ˄ӡ
ֱֱӿ飺Ҫ𣿡
鿴˿λ飬ǶԼ
岿ǰѽҪ˵˵ˡ
ǰһӻͳһӣ˵ģˡݱȽ϶࣬»úá
ʾӹǰӹڰͷ
򣺡û£ɢ˰ɡ
ɢ
³Ժ󣬸Աһ̸ۼУԼĹ𣬼¡
¹Σûʲô£ǰ滺ţΧЩеĹԱ롣
ʯӺ鱧ȭ˾񣺡¡
΢΢ͷʾǸһ𣺡ȥ𿴿
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ֵطʣȥʲô
ʯǺɵЦ£ûô¡οʼĹߡ궼ûȥ
ʯ䣬
ʯ״ҲΣЦʵʵظں档
һһ߸ͣǰα飬ǸϺˣǼ֮󣬱ƵλҲձԼúˣϵᷳԼòˣ;ԣһֱűǡʵʲô¡߹صؽ׾죬ѹ
΢һԲ
ƹѡ˼ͼ硢߷ߡ䴫װе̵Ⱦ֮ơ
źİ꣬ǾͼҲûи¹
֮𣬱һֱв岿ػսϱرأһϲս¡ö۹а֮õİȡ
װеߣǾԭ̤Ǽûڰ졣
Ψһеֻ䴫ˡ
ʯ䡣
Ĺڻʳ̶Уϣ鲽еһ׼ĹԺӡ
ſһʯʨʯʨϷ϶õҶ뷢ڵˮҲľһ紩ŶܿľϵµľмҵһǣּѾģ壬˻ҳ
ʯɵʯףĿ鶼Ѿѣƽ
ʰϣһ¹ţֻһֱӵȥҳ⣬һŸɴƲ
һĴĳ
ʯεضӡ
ֻ뵽ûˣû뵽Ȼ˰֮áشƫƧûάֱֱΣƵؽˡ
ǲԶУϻѵư֮أôҲ뵽ȻǱ
ߣֻʯﵽӲݴѾѹĴŸ˸ʵȥҪ˵ȥĶˡ
üͷŽʯ䡣
Һǻȥдӣùɡ
һ˰ɡ˦䣬תȥ˹
յȥѲӵˣдӣѡ
ſڵۣԶԶؿңһ·Сܽˣʯˡ
΢΢һ㶣ˣ
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ûɣѾǱѾûнάˡ
Ѿöûɹˣάÿ϶ǲġ
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鱧ȭˡ
˵꣬Žʯ뿪ˡ
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Щԥ뻧˵ʲô̲
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ֵͷҲûʲôܺõİ취ϾȷʵǹʧְȻԻʺ󣬵ܲΪһҪ𷣡
֪£Ϊԣʢ̫ӵˣٻһӡ
У¸ʱɣʱ̫Ȱźˣȥ֪šüġ
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л˵
VʧܣԭǲաĵؿЦ
̨⼸һֱ԰VҲ֪ղܹ֪ͨVɹҾ׼ָ¡
⼸ûɹ֮ǰǰԭĽ¡
ǸǸһVVʧһ˵ȷһ£ڶ 10㷢ԭûʶңΪ༭˵˿Vһܳɡ


181  
Իʺߵˡ
ʯ俴˿, ҿ˿ʯ䣬ֹ
Цˣлֱ˵޷
ҵ£ڶºһơǶǴ, Щţºúõĺһ», Ϊ, ǲֱָͦ塣
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ʯڴȳϡ
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ǣ
ã
ʯԼ׼ټֵȥȾơ
ǣ»ظ𣿡
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򶫵, ȥ
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鿴ʢȪЩ그, ߵŽ̧ͷһۡ
½ЩºȾơֵһ׼һЩȥݷ죬Ͳˡ
ͷ糯飬ϢѾŵ˽Ѿ֪ˡ
ôһüȻҪúлл顣飬ٶ飬򵥴ֱһȾǱϿɡ
Сʱڱ徸ʱ򣬾Щ׵佫У𣬿⣬Ⱦơ֪ٴˡ
ЩߣЩѾϡ£Ҫ죬в̰Ƕ㲻ԼδȬΪɣٺЩ˵꿴䡣
ǲ˵ȥѾ
ף¼ˡȥⷿˡ
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ԻݣҪȥЩƥƷ
Իݿһ۽壬ȥϵĿⷿ˲ݸԻݡ
Իݷ˼ҳ߶ǰα顭챾ǹɵιȥġǰڻʺߵʱ̫ӵ˵ˣûʲôϰϲһЩ辰ϲϡݡ
Իָ裬忴ȥⷿ衣
Ȼֿ壺ԺӲľҿ
ȥϷ˷ûһӣԻݷ˷ʮβǵʱүʱ͵ġβľϡֳһ˹βɡһβɫÿͼã𣬵ٻس͢ʱ򣬹˺ǲľҲûôأܵ𡣡
Իݺϲӣӣһᣬ˱λãؼչ˲صĸסٴһЩ֥˲ЩҩҩȥòҲʧӵĶ
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Իݿ
Ķôֻ࣬ܵͷ˵вȫȨ
ԻݵͷǱ˵š壬ȥһȥõȻȥҸ˵Щӿⷿǩ񵥡
ǡȥȥԺһ
ԻݶţүߵС

һᣬȿڲ裬ԲľҪЩʱ򡣡Իһơ
ǸҺԻݵĲ裬˵»Ҫȥ£ˡƺˣȥ֪ͨһá
ҲáԻݵͷ
£ˡ
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Իݻڲ鿴˲һˣþ棺ȥⷿöⷿĹ¸ɫˣ
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徾½ǣūΪӲֵ
Ի̧ͷγԣ
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ӣ忴һ棬ֻеСѾͷ϶£ѹ˵ԡ
ԣԻݼͷȥ˱ԣ
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ԻȥòˮΣ
£ǰȥ԰
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弱ˣյԻݶߣѹ˵Сרӿ͵԰
ԻһȦ׹ζ
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ʮʱѾߵŮˡһֱǶߵŮǡ˶ڲ²⣬ǲϲŮӡ
մִ£ԻҲǽŽɡ
Իɫлӣ֪֪ǰգүûлظסˣ
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үסȪˡȪݱϣǼӵĸۡ˿԰үλӣмӡүλӺڣ
ү£Իݶ˶٣ֲǹšݵλżӵļİ˵үϲӣϣûУҲһСƽȰˣ
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Ի˱ȥʣдʲôˣֲǲ֪
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ӡֺγ֪Ի˵ľ
ˣˣҪĴӿڳһҪμǡԻݿ˲ᣬүѾͨˣҲܰҾһʱûСүңͲգеĿϣҲûǮơ˼ֻҪܹܺӯǮƣԹͣʹáǡ
ΣԻ治֪ԼӦǿ޻Ц
л˵
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182 ݷ 
Բס£΢ûаﵽ
, λҲԹܼһһ㶼ġֹܼôЩˣˮŵʱ˵ѿ, ھȻûһۡ
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ĸףȻڳ͢ռһϯ֮λ, кβأ
ȥ￴ƺˣȥһɡԻݼʣ
Ӧһȥˡ
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իƹ񿴼һ۾ϳŶ, ˡ
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, Թá
û, Ҳת, ֱȥĸۡ
ʱ, Ѿȵ, վڵ顣
Ʒװģʱ;ˡǰȥÿлݣнУҩġ
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ѵʱԻѡĻָһ顣
˼ǰµ˶չ˵ˡǲ񣬿ûôȫ
аѡԻܼңǹܶˡԻʺź򣬶Իʺ񲿽ǢԭϲãǶĿȾġ
ʲôϲʲôĶʲôݣǡô
ò˵ڿ飬ȴ˲ù
пһһȥ
ſڵȺ򣬿ǰȥӭӣϳݼ¡
æȥˡҲǻʼӣ߿һֺۣαˡ
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ס죺飬ҽ㣬ʶЩ񣬻Цɲǡ
һæ£ôɺã
֣ʾѶЩС⣬鶺ȤġЩ̲ҩģϣүõϡЩǸСǵģǱҴʱģ֯Ķ軨Ҫ͸ġĻβ⻹һֳҲһ͸顣ǲֵǮĶʤϡ档
׼ôܵһʱ䲻֪ôӦԣֻǵ̫ˣϷ򶼲֪Ҫ˵Щʲô
Цҽ߶飬Ӧˡ
ø˰ѶȥŰȥ鷿鷿룬߹ȥ˵ҽαЩ꣬ĲӶˡ
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һȻӣվţŶۡ
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ڱ꣬вùԣǣйҶŮѹԸǣ޹ҵΪûм԰սⲻǿ
۵걱徽ͳ˧Ͼʱʮǡԭͬ˵ΪԼΪ˶ս
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Ҳˣվ˵ʲô𣿡


188 ò 
Ҳˣֻҵġ
黻һؾɴĳ۵֪ǵ, Ĭˡ˵ò޲֮꣬˳ˮ, ᲻
ͷǾͿ԰ЩǣŮˡͷŹŮ, Ҫ, ȥв㣬ȥһ˵ͷŹŮ¡֮ǰԻʺ, Ϊһƿ˳ʩСĹ˺󹬴ȨǶҪЩ˷ųȥҲΪǡһ߽ŮǾͶԻؼˡ
ţҲҶԨĳŵ
߳ɢһյͷ, һɫɵһͷ, ͷƤ
һ, ϰɢɫɴշ, ģ߳ɣ˭˶Ҫ
鵽࣬ǣ֣, ȥ÷ȥһ, Ҳ֪һ
ǣţվ, ΢ͷ, 󣺡õİ, ô˵
΢Ѽǰ˴ԼУ˵շŵ¡Ҫ̲һЭ顣ʱҪﱡ
Щȣ顣
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Ѽ뻳һ̧°ͣʵʲô
һڼǰȻŴȵĺֱĴϣͱһҪ߳ͷʱ˿Լߣǿȼֻץס½죬Ŭ̧ͷӣ¶ѩ׵Ĳ
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׳øţһʲô⣿˿ֳ̫࣬ڱŷɳպзʪһĲˡǰš
ŶͷǲҲЩ˲һ
䲻ԡ
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ϸûдǽ˼Ͱˮԡˮ֮˻һ
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˿˼
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Ҽǲ̫ģΪһ¾ͽӲˡͷ


189 Ŭ 
ʧ
Ҳѥ, Űְճȭ, ۾ҶִȥҶ磬²ҪҶɻԳɣ
̲ǳ, ǱǴ¡顢ɵλҪﶼû, ۵ˣδɡҶǺ, ǸǻᣬһʱҲҡ
Ŀת飺Щطչ鶼ҪԼˣ˻ڻԣҵǲһеЩһ˽ʿҪȥһط̲Ҿþͦáأ
ӣҶ꣬ҶҲ, ҵ̲ȥ
˼, Щ, вٸһмʹ, ˼伲࣬Ϊ֮͢Ҫ緢ˡ
鱾븰磬ɼ⻰˵û
ʢ·Щʢ̰һ̫ܲ, Ҫ, ɵλҪȥ
ֻк֮㣬Ƕܵ, ҶԡҵŮ, ͵긻ǿĹԱȡ
㵱Ҫҵʱ, 뵽ôԶ𣿡
Ķ̰壬Ƕ۳͵ʱҲֻ˿Ѿ˵꣬Ÿո𲽡λüȻ̫ӵȥ绹ۣҲʡĲ¼ɡȡ֮ǱҸ̵·
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ͷ˵ϣ˵ֻһˡĽƷңΪڶڶѡ㡣һش˵ΪĿҸԸͬ١ҸصƷԡ
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̧û˼
һұȥ΢ֻҪԸ⣬㽫ԶǹС㡢˳ޡδĻʺ㣬Ҫһ𣿡
ˣüһشĿ˸ЩϢ
˵Ҫһץסĸ첲ЩҪѿڶɼȴһֵӡ

ÿ뿿̽ʵ뷨ʱ¶һֵģ
Ϻ񻹲ʲô޷ݵܡ׷ݣҲݡ
Ȼ̬࣬Ȼû¶ġһ𣬵Ǹĵط
黺֡
į˲޹⡣
زͷȥ˵
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ʧԼҲʧÿһΣ鶼ҪԼ¸ҵһ
Ҫ̧һʱܿʺһڲϵ
˵ףƾʲôƾʲôɣƾʲôҸ
ƾʲô
Ϣﻹô踺صΪϢȸ꼶糾ӡƬ£ԩ꣬޷.ֻء
ƾʲôǣ֣˶ֽԣ
ƣǾȥһˡ
Ϊ·ϣ˽Ǹˡ
ûлӦǡ
ûԼô۹׷ҹһ£ÿֻЪʱûô۹
۾ͷ
ǲҪ̫ǲӦôִţӦ÷֣
Ȼһ˫ָϣս˸˵ûлӦĸ飬ˡ
ۣԥ΢΢ʱη岻ǰ
˵ҡѾںŬؿ˷ˡ̧ŬסԼĵĿ־壬һʱ䡣顭̵ʱһ

İһ˿΢˸
һ֣סֻ֣ҪҪƬ׹֮߳Ҿͻһֱק㣬֡
죬Щ·þ¶һĵ̾лл
վڻīҸú˵ллǿʱ㣬ҿһӶɫԶзɳȥҲ뿴ϵɽӣǲǰ׳
ֺ˵лл
*
һҹϢ
סҪһСɽ£Ǽ䷿ӽɽϣƱ˲١ƿ̧۾Ϳƻͨ
ôڴߣ
鵽һʲôأ
˵Щ϶ָ֪ݣ֪ΪζԸһһεİƬ
ɾڸղţо١
˵ûһֻһŬòӦǱ˵ġ
һ𷽲ֽھĵ㣬ľ类һ㣬۵޷ơ֪Ϊʲôǧ˺϶ˣȴؽ
¶ӵĿ⻹δȫˡܳӰЩ˻ûûн֮ǰһ
ծӳ
Ϊû黹ծ
һµӰ죬Ҫöټ£ſֲأ
̾һ
ңĳ˶ǻλļ̳ˣͲһ˰ɣһ뵽ҪŮ˹;ؿơ
Ļ壬벻Ҫλġ
Ҫ췴 
ҪͲˡ
ңʣ㣬֪Ҫĸ飬ʲô𣿡
*
ҪĶ̫࣬ĸڣ̫Ҫһһг鷿໥֡
£һ
ŲӣҪ鿴ȴѾͷ˯ˡ
̧ͷ˿⣬һʱҪˣ黹ҪȥϳЩһʱҲ˵ꡣ
뵽⣬Ҳٳĵطᣬŵ˳ȥ
˯ˣſҼ·ŵ㡣
ͷ˿ͷ˯ŵ飬ͷŵȥȡ磬ϡ
ƽʱ춯Ǿ裬һ紵ݶͻѡϣûѣ˵ȷʵˡ
С˳ʵôûһ˿ŵ£ܵס
Сӻڰýص㣬ǾͲԡ


190 ְ 
á
֪֮ǰȾ, ο΢㲦¼ɣײСŵµ, ЩûȷʵЩ, ֻһζؿ, ֵ֡
ŭ֪СӸ, ¿Ҫ˰㡣ǰǸӣʲôΣûϲڣһʧ
ļ򣺡ȻǴСŵµģȻµı¡ûʮİգô׷ȥ£Ҫ˵, ̫ˡһ￴Ҳ, ŰɡȥϢϢѾʡһ, 㲻˵ǻУġ
ͷ
Ц, ıһѣ֪ܸĪɡȥɡܽҪ£СƬ̾ˡ
سһ, Уķȥ
һ, Ҫ£ܼҵҪ콻Բǰ
*
ҹУϻȦ, վڳ, ӰԽԽ
Ѿܵÿڸ, ǲͣ
Ȧˣ
Ȼ˵ȥֻվУǣɵ÷˽Ų
򶫻ش𣺡ʮȦ
ǵĽŲһܣ£ûиǽҲΡûоǰǳ׷ɱ
鲻ɵñ
Űǰǳ׷ɱ
ʮӻʹʮϽһ𱼳Ľֵϡ
£ȥģʵ
ȥˡ
ϲ⣺ˣ˭
عͷĿעǰЩڳŵˡ
δ䣬ֻȻһһʶƿյյѾһն׷ļʸ
ţС졣
ͷ˿˦һӵǶ
üӣ˦ǡǱ·ڳϡ𣿡
£ǵĿǱ·׷ȥ׷
ҲְҲͬ⡣
Ŀ׷һۣ
ȻһתֱӣͬʱԼѽ⿪·ǻ
һ㶣˼æԼ½ݸ顣
Լ·Լ·ȥžҪ㴩·˦ǡڳŻϡƵҲ࣬ȥţһҪҵ徽򲻿ɶ䣬̫ӵԸ
ǣӦһ
ɢһ£˱㳯Ųͬķȥ
׷ĶȻ·׷СҴܡ곤ȵսѾࡣ
ȥɽϰʱһֱȵڱսɱ

խСҲɡ
֪Ķڶ࣬ҪСǲֿҪ׷ĽŲһ׵¡
۾лĲ֡
Ƭоģһսƻ۾ǰ̱һߣݣŶֵ
ǵûֵķһ鶹ƽϡҪɵϹе취ġ
ȻȺΪӣųһǰһһͣһһ׷
Ӽ࣬ͨϣտܼĹû취ڶʱ׼δﱼ۹ֻù񫡣
һĶڷֵǻ
գҹգҹաա
һصЩûвĿģҲǡ
ֱգգգա
ϵĹһ˶ĩβǰܾһĹһĶͶһβ͡
϶ֱӴӶѵĵط˹ȥ
òװܾҪǰ˭֪ղܹĵطһȺǷɱ

ͷһȦָԼβĶײһ
һʱ䶫ײһ𣬲ˤȺխڣ˭Ҳˡ
ͷԼԼˣ˵شһڡ
ʱͷĽ죬䡣Ǽಡһƿ
û뵽ҲȫǷͰһֱۡ
ƺһҲдֱת򳯶űȥ
⣬ǿ½󣬸ʱܵļˡ
ͣ½Ų˵ϵÿһ˺ۣΪաΪ˶ܵġôϵÿһ˺ۣͶΪ˱¶ܵġ
ͣ£Ĭ
ǵǰǵǽֻǱõ£²ܱꡣ˫ֱַǵļϣǿػһˣʵػǧϣ
֣ǻǵЩڱĮǧɣǸŵһ𳷵ȥɽδؾûһ·ƫƫѡƬĮΪ˵ܹȳģոϾӲס壬˵²Ļᡣ˺鸽ӴԺϾİգҲս֮ˡЩûɳĮǧ֣
һ
ڴ֮ǰǴδԼĹζʲôҲδһ׷ȥ£δεġ
ֻСû룬Ϊʲô˵ѡǣǰʲôϡ
ⷬĳȻûгȴǾñȰܡ
˵ˡĨĨ۽ǵᣬ֪ˡ
ԺһٷˡҲ˲
ǣЦȻ֪ˣǱȥϢһᡣˣǸŵȥϳɡ
šӡ
ε̣η壬ҵǼ¡ηˣŻϧȥɡ
ճʱѵģ򶫶ˮϴ
Ҳʣֻǵá
*
糯ʱ붫һ֮ıԱ
αɣƽһΪ£˾˶Щ䶯ƷϹԱҪ֮⣬ڱڲԼȨ
౨˱ȱʧӡ
һûȻ
İӰԱֻ΢һ֪ȱٵľá
ЩڱѼľʣȥЩֻҪĿ¾֪ˡ
ǰ׼õ˲ȥ
˲𣬷ڶ۰ǰ
۴򿪣ɨһۣŭ飡²飡µҪ˭һ죬Ҷ߹ش̵ľãһˣ̲ץˣذ¸Ū


191  
ơ
΢, ¾Ȼûô²֣˼
̲ʢü΢̲סվǰ
һֻ, аԭЩ걱ֻһͣܳŰ, б¡
žֲ, ʲô£Ȼתͷ顣
ֻһЦЦر, ˵£Ʋϵһɡ
ģ
̲סĳһ໰
Ȼ
*
＾ѾˣŮװѾȥ˽ӣܿͻټ
ױʱ, Իݼ
ü
Իݽ, ذ
, Իݣ¡
Ի̧ͷһɫĳ, ױ᣺밲õı֡
ӣת, ԻЦõ˰, ֮ʺֱ˵£أ
⻰, ԻϵЦ, Ҳ, δˡ˵ӣҪ̫ࡣ
Щʱգڸŷﰵ׮ԻݴóһֽݸŽǻãù㡣ЩҪɱҪƾ㴦á
üγأ
Ի̧Цţȥ˼Σҵа׮ŷȥġ㲻ŷټΪԶƵųȥأסԺӣŸ𣿡
Իݣԡ
Իݼ˵ǰʱ䣬Ż΢Щõԡλ£ڷȨºҲʡÿŻ£ȷʵüޡܲǰҶлԱ½㣬ϢʹӰ˳ȥõҶɵʱ
أʡ
Իݵ׵µѴҲԺ볯֮͢ǧ˿ƵĹϵȻ֪ÿγȥΪΣȻһЩµ˽ڸŻҳ˽飬ȻҪһЩرġ
˵ЩҪʲôԻݡ
ԻЦԣٲά衣ǽϧңŰѹܼҵȨøңסµ׸һ㣬ڵǰ˵ϻ߽㣬˵ģ˵ֻҪ֪ҲǹŻ£á
ֽ֪ˡ
Ի΢΢ǷǸˣ˵ǳ졣
΢УԼҹҲǸˣ֪ʱơùܼ֮Ȩȷʵʵ顣
ˡԻס
˵䣬Ӿˡ
ԻݺʶȤȥ
˱λƵȥ˹
*
ӷſʼйŮһ·ż󹬣һֱס

һºͣˡ
ǣͷش
ɣߵĴŮϲ衣
īڰѲ˹߶ţαô¡
ЦţĻҹЪŵʱصؽġҲ²ã»ûҵ·Ůٲþˡðڱһ죬ż¡
Цţƹټ󹬣鷱ӣЩС벻Ҳеġ
Ļīڣ
īȥһֽʾֱӸЩǹﵽҪͷųȥĹŮ
ӹһһɨԼеһһԡԵϣֻмŮʱ;Сڲʮ߰겻ųȥ͡
Ҫô˵ܲɫİЩ͵ŮҪȥ
гʵʲôԣ
ԥԥص¿˵ˣΪҪȻЩŮ
ͷǵ걻ǣŮӡҲôˣôȥˣ»޸ġ
Ȼ֪ԵɣǾͺ˵ˣĳ֪ǰ߾йأˡȻԲֱ߾Ļģٶʩǡ
ʩƺû
ЦҲʲô£Щ佫ĶŮʱͻС񲻵ͣЩŮЩʶڹ໥֡ЩųȥˣЩûзţԹޡʩһȥˣЩŮӲ£ʴȡһǸ𣿡
˼ﻰ˼ȻҪˣȫˣһںȨҲԽʺȥ
պʺлᷭض֮ȨҲո
οͩѾ£ʩͷŵЩŮ˵ŮЩΪȻͩϣ¸ڽ
֮ЦţЩŮӻûгա
վһ񣺡ƣ꽫ʿĸ
ЦСĨһ°ɡ
©˵дڹš˴Ӻĵָͩ¡
һ̾࣬ȥ磬ûиһӣһˡЩӣվûһĵչҵİ
̾£ºͣ˽֪ᡣЩȥˣҲЩ뿪ˡȰȰ¾ͬأ
ǺӣЦҡͷôȰǲġ
Ȼ̧ͷ£ȰȰǼɣͬأ
ղų˻飬˵ȰȰͩңôҲþܾȻͩôɿڣȥȰҲһ
£ǿġˣȰ»ȥˣͬ˵һ˵
ǿˡЦš
ùţ뿪
īͼ֮󣬷Ѿǰдʲô
ҾС㣬Խĳˡī߹ȥĥǰһײײӣ˵ҺǶ¡
̧ͣҲýչˮҲ̫Щ
Сˣīڲʲô𣿡
ֻǳ˼Ƭ̣ѽռ˵ͷ佫Ůд˼ĸͩͣӡ¡
*
ǱӵȥȻ󲨡
֪¹ش󣬲ҵȥͬһˣӻȥʼһֱط˲һһ
εµĵһӵǴﱡһȥطˡ
ʣڵʱġÿ껧˶ͨ˵ģҲ˵ŵı˱Ǳƽ˵ġ


192 ǰϦ 
ʲôȥĵط𣿡
ɸͩȥ, ˵ǻгá
Ƕ۵ˣʮꡣʮΪʿǶۻ̫ӵʱѡˡ
ҵĳ, ǳĶŮ
һϵϱġ
鿴ųø˵, žüҪ檵ľǸհԶҶ, ǻгãΪĽ, Ϊն
ǰȥĳãʾһ¡
ÿԱɣ齻ԱɣԼһӣ档
¡Ƿ, ؾء
һ, , ڻ֮꣬, Ŀ⣬ĸڣ
ó˼Ƭ̣صտ˵ϱĿлĿ, һµġܹȱʧ, ҪΪõӳáһ£Ǻ, 鲼֮, ǮҲ֮𡣻, Ϊʡ£ֱӸӡ
ö˶˼طĿûл˭Ҳ֪ǵط·ſʱ򣬱طøһЩ±ʲϣӳáǱ˿ӵƷ
黺˼ǣпǱݸĴʷ˾áҲпǱʲ̰
õͷǡ
黺˼а˼⣬αȱʧץˣȫ롢ﱡҳٱ˱ˡ
ȥæɡͷ
Ƿһ񣬼ӡ
Ŀ򶫣ȥʰûûг
ȥҹ鿴빬ż¼
Ƭ֮Ѿȥˡ
֮󣬰˹£
*
ʱ򣬼ѺصĽδͷжŶ룬жױ߹ȥͷЩ
ôʱˣһϡ
һӣﱡˣǱô
ϢϢ˵ûӵʲô糯Ÿɳȥˡ
üױ̨еӣױ̨ϣô˵գͻӵ鱱һˣ
ͷҡҡͷ򾻷磬·Ӧʮ֮󡣡
ĿϣǱߴĹ⣬͸˽ѼӰͶ֮ϡСȵӰϡ
Ŀתض磬ʵôʮգ
£ӳϸĲӣϢų
۾Ӱӽ⿪
ºصĽӳ֫ϸӰվţƽſѣʱ·ȥ룬ϵӰӣȻҲɽͰģȫƽ￴ôƽƽ档
鲻һڿˮ
صšϢΪɱŸ룬רѵɳȥ˶Ÿ룬Ϣͷ˶ЩŸϰţȵǵ˱Ѿʼˣ߹ŷ⣬Ż½ﱱݡǵǸʱ򣬱ѾˡսӵҵžѾˡ
˵䣬Ѿѡ
ϲ洩һصȹһɴ£ͷһ룬һ룬һ
ŵɫȹŰɫɴ£ؾϣϷĺƷϰѩĹ°߳һ»ľʢķݣֻ䡣
⣬ż֪ǻϢȥԹһʱǴֲ
̧һЦǰ
˼˿ⴺ΢磬ûȥĵط
ţû
ͣܿǱûʱĹˡţ壬ȥȥĵطһ档
飬֪ʲôֻǵȥһ棿бĿģҪĵƣ
ˣȻæȰȰͩͬҡսһǣֳûһĵչˡŻͬͷЩûĹŮʵжǵġ¼㲻ɣҲһᡣ
Ƕֳĸ顣ϵº˲Įÿ˶ڱ
һ㶼ʵĵ¶ĸ飿
鳤̾һ˶ֳõ࣬ͨɡȴֳ֪ѧЩֻΪ˲һЦˡ
ɴ۾֪Ӧ˵Щʲô
ôıЩЦò˼飿
ʶصͷҡҡͷ
߹ȥȥ˴ͷЪһЪգôƬ࣬Ҳ֪Щʲô˯
£ס֣˵Ļɻ
һ㶣뵽˵ȥĻȥ𣿡
죺š
ڴؿȥģ
⡭˵俴飬Ƭء𣿡
üΪҪȥ
û˵Ҳȥ
ܸо첲΢΢Ǻ¿ҲȥƬڵء
ͷ˯ա˯ңҴȥ
ϴﱻɱľ㲻뼾һˡҪȻҪȻһ
˴ӣ˽ȥ
鿴𽥷Ż˳ȥ
ԺýŲţһȥֻ֮ľ۶ϡƮ콣ϱֱΪעɾ˵Ʈ콣߲㣬ϲ£޷ͻơ
ֱ˽΢΢һͷ
ʣ
ֻش𣺡ҩ
ȻǰҩӦԺСȥ䣬ľϣһӣС¯ϵ¯
ҲҲкֻǼš
̬˾ռߣҲֻǵ˵ȥţƬ
⻰еӱͣˣȥȥʲô
ȥ˻᲻ᣬЩɣʲôõĻ䡣
ûذһۣʲôõĻ䣬Ϊǡ
鲻ԡ
ûм˵ת˻ͷ֪ڳŵ׷ʲôѡ綼ҪȥһˡȰġ

㣬飬˽Լδ˽
鲻䣬ȴѾˡ
ʵҲֻһΡ
Ǳڱͨ籨ţȥǧһء


193  
ҳӣ
ʼնǵõʱѪģ
վȥɽ, Ȼ۵˷ܣһֻŲڷʯ֮ϣ΢΢, һֻ첲ϣĮǼǧɱϲս, ܺõŴ˱徽Ա츳
ʮһĺͯ, ѾСˡ
СĶĿȾ޷ıһ뻢ıƤ, ֵǾͲһŮӿġ
ʮһʱھӪ󣬻ǶһλŮʲá
ûڲ֮ǿģһӶԼ
, ޷֧ǿҰġ
*
, ǰ, ֽ޷±ʡȰ˵ͩ, ΪǸֳˡ
ͩţǱС޼˵һԶ
黹ʹʱͼͩǸ֡ͩʶ˻ȥ˴⻭ǳ˭֮֡
֪ͩ⸱ǳһ꼶µĹŮֵ֮ʱ, б
֪, ֮ˣһʲôо
ͩΪ˴ٳŻ, Ŭͩһ˳޵ĵ, ʵΪǸŮӶѧ
˵ǸŮಡ, صʱܳšΪס뿴ľɫʦࡣ
ǸΪԼ
ɽҰΣ¡ɽкͼûˣֻһ˫ɡ⣬ֻͩһ˿ˡ
ɽ׺ûгɣ
ֳϲ׵ʹͩ⡣
ͩش𣺡ϲϻˡ
գ۾ֳȥҿôģܲ鵽
ͩ۵ºͣ飺𣿡
鷴ʣкβأ
ǸȻǺãҹ̸ͩΣǸŮӣǺã
ЦǱԺҹ̸ѽ
ͩţûû
ԼţֳģȻֳʲô
ͩЦţȥţ̾ѽȶ˼
з紩ϵֽһ£˼Ѿкīòʣֽдֳ桭
ĵģȴȰһҪܡ
ϾǿܺԺǼңҲ᲻áʩˡ׵ġ
дЩϷ飬ȻõۡҲдһ㶼ͨʵģд̫ϸۡͨݸְα飬ԼԱΡ
ٲıõ£׶ۡͲдֻг˽ۡŻ`ǽء
˶ٱʣ˼£ҪҪֳ˵ϾһҲǽͷö£ͩ޹أҰ²д
뵽Ͼõ⡣
ϾϰߣЩãϾ˵˴š
ô᲻֪ͬͷЩδ꼶ĹŮ̶ܴ϶ǿͩϡϾͩϾЩŮϾŮϾٲҪڻϸͩһЩ㡣
Ͼ곯¼ֻ̫ףͩһδֹ佫棬ǵ̬ȻǱȽϻ͵ġ
οΪ飬Ѿ޸ıʱϾɵƶȡ
£ţˡ
ŷãݸȥͰɡ
鵽ʱ򣬼ڴϷ
úЦ߹ȥڴͷҪǻûѣˮϴϴ
۾ƿӣˡˡ
𣿡ʡ
죺ûס
Ҵ㡣ȥ⡣ţ
ͷ
һȥ֮һ·żš
棬ͷЩȻ˯ˣȻװźܶû
û鿴ֻǿڳϣԴζĽһǰҵĻζ
ֱ۾һζĸо볯ԽԽеĸо޶˵ķŴ
֨ѽԽԽ죬Χӵʧ
ܿ죬ֻԼ𽥼ءûҵĺ
֪ΪʲôȻЩĻţ۾ͣ
ͣ
ȴһְֻסؿڣڴڵش
ôˣ
Լһ˴ֽŲõ˳ȥÿҡˡ
Ǵųģһ٣ʱ˿ûмˡ
鿴˿Χ·һƽ֣Ҵ
Ѿûˣϴƹˮʱżﱡһ֮
վϣ飬ȥվֱӰԼ˫ְڻߵס
üסƱƤ֡ǱϺõ֮֡ǰϾҪߣ׳á
𣿡
ͷС
ΥµΥ档
ֻûвסҲȡιߴİ棬̶Ρ
ְϽķվȥ׷顣
ڸʱӦżۡ
ϣŲľУʱϵĸоĿ󣬽ģĸסʱ̫Ҳ㣬вסȡ
§һٿ㡣
Щ£ҿƲá
ס֣Ұ㡣
죬ԽԽȴʼûа취ȥ
û£Ҽӣǡ
ͷһۣĺϣһֿɿů
ջĿ⣬ǰݡ
ƱСߵһУݡľƶڵˡ
ݡ
˦һƱĲԽԽ󣬷һӣڼϣϡϵɴ緭ɡ˫ȼӡ
ݡݡ
˿̣ѾһƬĵأƱ޼ɵؿŵӣɶһ
̲ס󺰣
ʱһ㡣
ĿǰЦ޴䡣
һ̣Ǹˣˡ
ǣ֣ƾײϡ̲סʱѧ飬ʵı۰¡
鿴ޣֻᶼĨϡ
ѹֵ̫ã޳ͺˡ
鲻Ծذ§ø
ںֻ֪Ϊο޵ġ
ǰƬ˱徸ĹأҲǵ꼾ĵط
֣ºƱٶȡ
Ƭ类סһ㣬ɨһۣܿڵʬ壬죬֣Ҫ롣
ҪȥЩ
ƱٰͣѼϱ˫صʱܸܵƬȻŵǹȡ
ֱۣһһڳǰƬ֮ϡ
ֶ򶫣ʾԶЩԼڼȥ
һߣһ߿һߡҹĻǶƬһȼյİ
ȻôһƬĻ𣬾ȻսôһƬء
ʵĳǽƿͷվŵЩֳֻ𹭣ҳӣ
ǲǡǲǡ
ǽµĽ佫ĴӴܣǱ粵֮޷
ųţЩڳ֮ĿݻſųţŰ
ųŵǰУĻ档ǰߣһȥأ
߹ȥ£ץһѽڱš
ȻζܵǼŵóǡ
ͣ
ѹƬأڶһƬڵģΪлͣݲǰƬ𺣣Ȼ˹ûͽƬϣǳ˼
վС
Ȼһͷڼ
ôˣӺվ
ҡҡͷ
ΪʲôҪ̽ǳŵ·أô¡ĪҪҰ飬йأ
ҧŴĬ֮󣬲ŵǡ
һͷ£λҪ¼ǲ޷İǸλק޷顣õ⣬ͿҪôˡ
ЦһôѲȫ˸ϵɡ
Ѳ˸ϵҲʧ͡
ȻƬ໭зӱХĳɴ¡
Ϧ£糺첼Ұ
ôûдƬѡڣǣҲߣ
л˵
¶4000֡һ¿¾
ʣû뿴ͩķѽ
СȽ
׿֣ǰ֪ǿ飬ͦģ


194 Լ 
ʲôʱȥ
˵Ǵ, ѡһطɡ̫ѹ֣𲻺õ顣ͷվļ
û˼棬˵Щʲô, Ȼ뵽һ£, ȥӰɡ
ʱ, ǰԨڶͷ̨ϡ·ϵķ羰ҲֻǴҴһƳǸż, ϸǽ
ȥֻҪһá
߰ɡͷʾ򶫰ǣ
Ѽ
ûԼӡ
Ĺٵ, Խӽ, Խࡣ
ǰһɫ, һɫɴ£õǵɫĽƴ, ϣԵøšòﴧһСŮ, ˲Ŀ
Ȼˡ
鳤ʵ̫עĿ, һ·Ů٣פһ
ǴӶ԰߰ɡͷ, 
ţ黹û׼˼
̫ˡһ䡣
򶫳ڽҲ, ˶, û
һţƥ׷׹˺ӡ԰ԶǸۿڣڰ͹ڰ˶
ͣߡ
Щʵӿɻܵסƽﲻô·
ǼڲůһЩࡣ
鲻ĵػͷһֻ֣΢΢ͷʾ޷ŰѼϱ
źӱСʯ̲ߣ۾ȴһֱŶĸۿڡ
ˣ鿴ʲôߡ
ŬѧŽ飬ܵĵһǱΡ
ĬƬ̣صǡǰļ˵Ṥһһֱÿգպò׳һˣ
ûмȥţ˵ġļ硱ָǵʱһֱڱ徸Уѵı徹ˡ
һֱɱѵ඼Ǳ߾սµŹ¡
ӱŮӱ㱻뱱徸ʹ˻ǾӪºڡ徽սϾ˲Ĺ¶ھӪ븮ϣСԸܵóƺ
ɿǣʡ
ҡͷ˼⣬ǲͷṤȥ˱ʲôط߸һȥ˱ˣ
֪ǱһԴϴμﱡ֮󣬱һֱﱡϵ
ﱡһЩ£˳һЩǮΪꡣҪôſڵĻˣҪôȥǰľۻ;ơ
ﱡŰһȥˣҲȥҵǱ磬˵ҪǱһ˵ȸһȥ˱
˵ǰ˱ʵǴһЩйˣڱҪʱˡ
ﱡȻյæȴûиٶ֡
۵˼Բﱡ飬һල
ǰյҪæҪȥ鱱˱ԼȥҪһסȥһ˱
ﱡǰݣϹ򣬶ʺϴȥµˡһﱡ߽˰㣬ﱡ鹢ֱڱ徸ãԾиġǰЩϺɣԸЩСֱ´ࡣ
Ҫǣ֪¶ڱδӰ졣
Щڱ治ε˭֪һʱ򣬺󷽲ߣ᲻ΪЩ˶ϵ
ʱ򱱾ͲǶǳص飬ǾٹΣӡ
ȥգɫˡ
ûҵǱǣЩʧ䡣
ϻȥһĵطաѵ塣
ҡͷ˰ɣûءʢݵ飬ûаȥܾʱ䲻ãﻹ˼棿
ǣ룬û⣬Űɡ
ɵؿţ
ߵߣǣֵΪһЩΪӦ¡һöġҲһҲ˺Ȥʲôһ룬벻Ǿȥ롣
˵仰ʱ档
Ҳκɾܾ
ϾԼڸҲǿӡָĵ顣
㡣̾һ
*
곯ʮһ壬¶ʱȻϳԱȴȻҪȥ񡣼ʱѾ٣˹ٷȥҽø㱨˲Ľ
ϣŵҽ˵պ˲Ľ
˵û⡣뻧˳뱱ԲϣҪӵطȥ顣
ͷˣȥЪŰɡطĿѾȥˡ
ҽǷ£ӱȥǣ黺Źȥ
£
üפͷͿҶ첽
¡ҶǷ
Ҷɲ˿
ҶЦ΢صȺ¡
üҶꡣ
Ҷ΢ϴԣ¡
ʲôʱ򣿡ڡ

Ҷ׼õ˵ʣӲ˶
׼һĻ˵ʲôҪȰ͡һҲû˵ֱӴӦˡ
Ҷһڿˮ˻ǵ½пգϿɺã
鿴Ѿǣˣʱ
ӹ֣У޶Ҷһվں淢㶡
*
ظֱȥ
ûˡ
˿ԺֲڡԼ鷿Ȼſϣű
߹ȥ̧ͷ˶򣺡ˡ
ͷȥ·ҿͷȥ
ŴӲҶˡ
ϤϤûͣ
ţҪͽġȥ¡˳Ľ͸һ㵭ɫһȻ棬ֻǸϣ©øɸһǰŸսҶлԣϢžͳ˸šԻݵЩǿԻʺЩ󹬣Ҳ䷨硭ѹܼҵȨûɣ
̧ͷԻݹŰա
ͳõֽݸ顣
ӹչԻģҪŷҲһǴǸġ
Ի˵Ļ鸴һ飬ֵҵ⣬ȴ˵ƣɼǸ֪صġҵԡҵĹȨѾʡˡңʵҪһ顣֪ݵǲܼԲ˳ͷպܼңͲˡ
ü
֪ûйܼ֮Ȩᱻ˵ġ飬棬˵ҡʵⶼԭҲںӲãޡܼ̫ҿ¾񲻼áǰ˲Ϣ䣬ҲһֱںԺĿ
ֻǲί
л˵



195 Ȱ 
ʩ֮
Цˣն, ʢ֮˭Ҹί
ʷ̨ڵϣΪ֮òһü֪ûС
Ų, ɻġֻҪͣȥ, Ȼ˰´񡣡ü, ôɵ𣿡
Ȼ, ٿֽݻȥҶл
ȥͬ˵ավǳ㣬Ը޽Ϊ檵ġһٲѹ
ü֪ԼĸҲʸҵĸ, ֪Ժȫƾ¡ò, ȫƾϲðˡѲɵԡҶǲõġ
ߵ, һۣԳңҲǸ, ƷѡҶǸƷǴγȵԳˡȻôɵλã㵹ǿ, ҶҡȻǿѡһ˶, ɺҪ̲ʲô£ɾˡҶ, ôиŮϲǣ
Ĭ
䣺֪㻹ҶлҶ˻ͨϢ, С㡣Ȼ, ʹԸⱻϼĹذ£𣿡
ºͣˮһ㣬ˢŭ
ŷԻݼȻѾҳվͰһӦ˱ǣֶֻסĸ첲ҶлԵ׷ģΪ΢ʩѹŹպ޼ɵ£ҪҵġǺϻﳪһϷɺã
ͷȥ
Цһ𣬶ʩ֮𣿡
ձ´ȥɢɢģתǣס֣ȴҴЩ¡
ǲô⣺ݵߣ㴦һЩ㴦˵鷳¡Ůҵ˼˲ȴ֪
鲻˼棬⣬ϲʲô
ɻ飺ʲô
ҿƽϲһЩʳţϲ𣿡
ʶصͷ
ǰæ緹ʱٻ
Ȼ۳һһͷˮ
ԼĪаʱڷ
÷һݳޣһ㶼ĲһصĹơ
鷿̧ͷȥ̲סЦ
㡢ǴＹ֦ϡ׳⣬һţ
԰Ĳһ
һһЦúϲ£죺㣬ȥһʳ
ں꣺
죬Ц
ЩʱĳЩط黹ǵĸһͯһ
˺õķʽǰ뵽õĶǰܡ
˵һӹģɻ仰˵Ҳ˵úܴ⣬Ȼı㣬һԼġ
Ҽǵ㲻ôģһʳôԣ߹ȥ£顣
µҪ˭ԡ
һۣӣһ㣬Žȿȡ
죬üǻΪʲôô᣿
𣿡Ҳһ㣬͵ðġ
ˣЦˣ˶ǣ㡭ģ
æҡͷҡôѳԵĲˣôģ
ˣָָϣһζըʱֻ͵ӣһƬ֮ǰڱ̣Ȼԣɶǰˮ⣬ΰͶٵĿ붼մŴ׳Եġ㳥˵᲻ᣬ˵ģ
һᣬ͵Ҿԡˣ̫ѳԾͱˡȥһݡ
һǴＹŷһڣû£ô󡣾ͷԸպáý֣һ³ôӣ
ֱֱؿż
ͷţͦóԵġҳġġ
࣬ɽƽ׶˰뷹
һңŷ꣺˱ˣ߲ˡ
һ㣬Ҳ
ţȻϢһᣬҶлʻվ飬һ
ͷ
*
󣬼ؿů
Ŷ룬ݺݵصһۣݹȥһҩԲģΪβ˵ôࡣθҪǲҪˣ
ӹЦһѵ˼ٲܳҲ˵ѽ
ûֵˡ
һڰҩ£ϣ벻ףһ꣬³ʱôġJJ̵Ĳˣ㲻Ҳȫ𣿡
һʦܵһ³Ҳùҳ̵ֲθܣģҪܺü죡ӹǣʳȥͷֲˣ䳶ɤ伾
е˳ëۣǣҴ´ҲˡҶʳҩˣ˵ɡǰҲ˵䣬ֲ³һѡ𣿡
䲻˵죺ôÿ˵㶼ά
ǣס֣Ҷ֪ǰǳ£ûֱӵĹϵѾˣͲҪ̫ˡȻϿ̱ﻹģȻҩ
ǡŻ
ȴǽס˻ͷ˺ˣѽ㲻áΪ˺ãȴ첻ˡƢҲεס
ߡ죬Ťͷ
·óһӣѦʦڼٺˣڳȥû´ȥҪʲôȥԶ̺ŴƹǶ붼а취˳ҸʦǸȥҿԼȴû취ȥ
ӹӣʦǸˣЩϵ顣һҲ໰֪ݣҲֿ͸¶ֵġıǡʦ壬һ𡣡
ͷʵǰȥɿȸˣ
һȻڼһƲֵӡ˵԰ǰ磬ܾǼٵġȻþޣ佫ҵĹӣǰС͵ȥֺʢȪʵ󲻳
̾һҲһжȻǰֺӡӲˣԼʢȪˮھǱõĹˡ
ģˣͬķġ
ȸӣʦæաʦзأ
Щ̣ңѾʹʦˡʦ˵ȸԼһԼ롣Ȳˡ
ҧ촽ʹ
䵣ǵżϣڹµĽȻ۸סˡҲһ֤ݡ
Щʱȸʵ޶¡ֻǸһ֮


196 ˫ 
Ҳˡ
Ĳ, һҲδɡ
ݵĳĬ֮󣬼ʵ⼸ջؼȥ֮ǰ, ˵ʲôûУ
곯Ⱥ˶٣жǵˡЩ, Щﰵæġ, 룬ڷԡЩһ, ˽˵ǸϢﶼˣأȥﶼԼİ취Ҫǲġ
ô˵û˳ȥˣ˼, Ǳǲȥ, ȥأ

ҲûʲôϢ˵˷˰
֪ʲô, ֻȥҪ˰ݳǸöԶ̺ŵ⡣ֱȥطֱǡ
šֿķ죬¡
ҩȷʵǺ, һȥθֽʹࡣϣ;
ߵţ
ֻһ°ɫĳ, Ѭ㡢ԡϴ֮ǰӳͲ˵ζ
Ҫվ, ֣ʾš
ϲˮˮ, ͵ůмİϡ
յϷ, ˵Ҫôݣ
˿, ŲŲϵ̺ӣһͳ顣Ǳˣʲô̬ȱ㻹ʲô̬ȣĺµģ˵
С
Ȼ黹ûһᣬҶлԱųõŮ˹͵Žһ𳭵ġ
ҶлûվŻػ
ǹĿȻһŸ飬ָָīۡ
ⷢӣŴЩһһٻߵҶɼҵŮų黭һͨô±ǰҪѱʼīɾ˲±ʣ֪
ҶлԱЩʱգÿնǳ飬ԭõӣһҹֲġʱίȻۿ˲
ûȥд鳶ֽţֱ˦ڵء
΢µﴫδ̱ЩҶЩʱճ飬ڽġֻһЩ覴ҲҶýſڽͽͰաǾ׸ҲҪ˵Ļ᲻ǣ
ûнӻ
Ҷýա
Ҷлû뵽ڣû뵽ỽȥ
һ뵽ǸĽģʶԼױݣŽ
ϣһߡ
ҶлǷף檼¡
ģʱ˲١ѵǼ
ʵҶŮҶ˼ĸ泤ÿġ
ֻͲʮ꣬δȫſ׾СԲȥмֿɰ顣۾΢ǿɰģһһĵĸоϲ֯ɫĺ񣬰˳еĸˮ飬һָˮԴί³֦ѿ۲ݣ˲̲ժһ֪ΰԼȫȫչʾŮӡ
СһģСòŮӣҲеֿ
ƫƫǸŮι˵òԽȥǸɡҶ˼ٺÿҲ벻ۡ
ֻм֪˴һòܷˡҶ˼Ϊòпɣȴ֪ΪԸ֪ء
Լɡչһ֣ڡˮϣīο
ѹ鷽Ż
ˮǼڶ֡
ˮдˣдֵʱĴԹޡ
Ҷлһ檳ʱ򣬱ī١ȥմī֭ǰǼ֣ǲīǳ
ȥȷʵˡ
Ҹͷǳ㲻ҲǱġ
ת飬ůҶõ治ǹģ¾ͲҪ˰ɣ
üҶлԣҶл֪ڿȴҲ˽̧ͷؿȥֻǻع£ȣ檸˵˵ûɣ
˿飬ģɿڡ
װŭҶҲǣôô֪أ
˵⻰ʱ۾ʾҶлԿ顣ҶлԲ֪ΪΣЩľګ
һģæǵ´ЩҲӦüūȥҶɷ첻ǣ㸸Ҫ£ڰ²֪ءܹвȣҶҲǺͿˣ
ҡҶлԻûзӦ仰⣬û븸׷졭
Ҷ죬ץϵĲյڵϡ
Ҷлŵһ£ۿֱתȴ
æ£ĪҪӡҶͻС¶֪ءȥģ˽ȥҶ˵ġҶҲǰŮУż¡Ҷõ治ֲ֪֮ˣ
֪أվͲ㡣⻰Ǵӱ߳ģ丸ŮɼҶҲǸõģԼŮ̲ã̸£Ҵ£ҿӦø˹ְȫŲǣ
ҶлԴ󺧣æͷḸˣḸˣ檲֪أ׽̵һϽԲȣ˵£Խһж檵Ĵ븸޹أҶ޹ذ
ɫ鲻
£Ҷлû뵽Ƣôֻȥ˵һ㳭飬ǵ˲á
ȫţ
Ҳ˵ĸҲҪ֮ˣЩڳСĽٲά裬ȻΪһʱһ
ңǹٳǻº
ȫƾһϲãȫƾʼȨ
ҶлҲס£ֱ㣬ȰȰ¡ҲˣҲˣֻ¿ԷŹŹҶ
ҶлԿ޵˺ѷΣ롣
һסҶлԵ֣Щޣ¿Ǹˡ
⻰ֱŵҶл԰ѿ˺ֻʣʣ죬涵ż顣
üһͷӡ
ḧҶлԵļôԡҶڳ֮ûйҲпͣҶѾ֪ЩʱֻҪڣúõ趨ʡǷˣҲǹѺηءи̵ֱģ
üëչһЩ
˵ҶС²֪أӦýֻǵƣҽ˶ѡȻǽ̣οֵղ˳
ȥ䣺¸ҸӰɡ¾ˣҶ֪ˡ
ûг䣬ֻǿ۵Ҷлԡ
Ҷлˣͷ֪ˣҲˡҲ˵ˣ檻úԼˣǹܺԼ졣


197  
ӡ
˿, ˫£ȥҶɱŵˣŵġеĶŷڷź桪ȱСЧȡ
Ҷлһҡͷ˵ʲô, ֻѾס֣ҡͷ, 
Ҷл֪, ò
Ҫи˽ᣬֻü˵˽, ̫ˡ
ǡҶлԻӡ
ҶлŮһӵͷ֣飺
վȻһһ彣Ů, Ů˲ͱŵöá
Ū󡣡Ůһۡ
, ջ彣, һֱֻŮ˳ȥ˵, Ҳȥץˡ
ҶлԿһУ
ȫ̶û˵ץ˭ߵȻֱȥˡҲ˵˭ȥ, ĸŷȥ, 鶼һ
һ
ЩʱڹܼҵԻݡ
Իһ, Żһ
ҶлԴûаԻݷ, ȴ, ѾƿԼ£˭˴ĸŷȥģʲôȥˣ֪
Իݲ˵û취á
ؾ͵һУֻܰЩʸ顣
ԻйܼȨǰ˺һһ檣ԶԽýȢİ
һִˣøŷпԹ
£Էġ
еŷۿ壬ɱӺ
Ի֪˽Գȥȴ˵ֱӰüԼѡ
ԣѡǡа
ŷԻڵ飬ͷȴ飬ⲻò˵λӡ
ȻҶлԺ˲عأɵĲҾ硣ʵԻһͨĴĵˡ
֮Իݵ֣ʰһЩƤԻֽ֣ٺԺء
Ի뼾ȥĴ٣ʵศɡ
鵽ˣҶлԲŷԼҲԻˡºǳǼ٣ɱӺ档
ԺһҶлԵǼŵˣֱӱö
Ժѻȸ
º͵ЦţҶл¼ȻѾˡãԵʡ֪ǡһ£Ҫø⡣
Ҷл־˲ϵᣬ¾˵ǡ
£ȻҲӦȥȻЦ⣬Ǳȴֱ۵ףѾԼȥҶţҲһȥա
Ҷл̧żȥͣҶպڳУҲദˡҶǸˣСҶԼһ𳤴Ȼܹҽԡ
ҶлԿżֻһɹɵĺ⡣
ϸӣǰȰ˵£ǽ˵¡һ䡰һ𳤴ãպҶĸףҶԺҲù
ϾںԺ泤Ĺ֪ԺЩŮˣƲ硣һֱҶɳ谮Ȼ˶ʼɡЩл侮ʯĸŮض֮ء
Ҷл֪ûЩ˾һ̵Ľѵ
£ֻŬȥҶ֮ĹϵֻŻڰʳǡ
Զܵõģһ֮ˡ
ǵòĳ谮Ҫǰٻץˡ
֪ˡҶлףͻȥױ磬үһĸҡ
ҶлԳȥʱ򣬿ԺӣЩ˱̧ˡʹ˵ģڴɨĨѪ
ҶлԲҶ࿴ֱֱػ
Ϸ꣬һ
ü


һɲףƽնģˡ
ֻǾãûҶɣδزС
ŮѵϵĲյӸʰˣҶδɣõıԶǱΣοգ
תһŹŽ
صĲյӣԹ˵˵ɱҶˡĶģһһ׵İźÿһ׿ɾͲóˡ
üȱǮ
һۣȱȱ
û£Ҹ㡣ȥЦӯӯ
ģͷȥһҪˣҶڳ֮⣬ҪһȥѣҲҪױˡ
һˣѾһˣֲʮ壬ûôི
̾һҲܲױˣ״ͷҲ̫Щÿδ϶ͷƤۡ
鿴ŮױȻ˸һһģһοյģΣ
ͭ￴飺˰ɣҲÿ춼š뻨ЩǮǮ࣬Խ
ƺڿµĿԡ
ͬ˵Щ꣬ҶѹˡΪ˱̣ͶС⼸տȱöͦġ
ţ鿴
պҪԵˣڱЩͭɲóˣװͼضûи¹
˵ţʶؿ˿ױŮ
ͭ￴ڿߵŮЦЩ˶밲ģᵽȥġοǶ䶼áǴ˵Ȼġ
˵Щֺγ֪ͷ̾һֻǱھҪܹɽҲû·
ҪһܾðһҲ˵
˵䣬ŮѾѼװˡ
űϵضɫ÷ȹ壵˿Ƥɴ¡
ͷ纷٣£ź÷
֬ϴһ
ϵɽҵ׻ɫһźɵ˿
ϴǶɫ˿ذ˫ɫܽЬӣ˿ȥޱˡ
ƽйװҲʲôڸϵʱ򣬶ԵžΪ
㣬ôݻ
鰵Цƿ˺һ硣
Ů֮ڲ⣬Ҳһ
ƽ￴ҪȥʲôԭҲܴĿϳɱС
ԸΪȥװ£òѡ
һֱĪ⣬ɵõͷ˿ѣûã
ûĿ⣬Цͦÿġһ
䣬ַݻ·һϲ
ųţǰȻһ档
ʱƺҲĳ
һǰۻϲҲ㷱̲סȥѡ
ڵĳƣ
һ°ɫĳů֮뷽Ǹһ꾹мơ
顣޵ɻ
ţ鿴
ǲںܾǰͼ


198 ǳ 
޻˵
仰, վûʳڡ
ܾԼӦǼģֻǲǵ˶ѡ
ʱ꼶СټϺһ, 𣬶ʱǵòࡣ
ôˣվ, ߵ, ĶͷɫôӲ
ûЩ, һ
סˣвˮײϣҪѡ
ӣ򶫿ţ˶ʰɾˡŷһʱ䲻, ׼ˡ
һ, ɿ֡
, һ
ҶлҲ绻·ں, һȥҶ
ҶлԵһŮǸȥѾȱе澡ڳϵһҶŮ
ҶлȻҲʢװһŨױ֮ڸǲס֮
ҶҶҶлĸһʮĽ㣬ڸһЩںԺָ㡣
ҶҶлԵı, ݸһȲȰο˲ˮ, İաԺֻϦġܻó, 
ҶлԽӹȲ裺һʲôϦ, һˡ²ϲ, Ҿ;÷
ҶЩ飬ȰȰġֻеȹЩʱգ뿪㣬ſȰ
СʱŵҶ
ҶһСſӭӡ
żһҶ˼Լҵūͷ³ġ
Ҷ꿴֪ԼŮ޵ó衣룬Ҳų
黹ǰҶǸˣ֪鱾ûаڿҶҲǿڶ۵ϡ
δ˵йʲôƢԼŮǱԷˣǱԼŮòԡ
Ȼܵű
ӭ¡Ҷһ
ɫȻһ
Ҷ·¡롣
Ҷ꣬ϰԵش˰벽ࡣĿְ˹С
⿴΢һȴǸ˼ϵ١
Ը֮һͬС֮䲢޲
΢΢ףһů
ںҶлǰһп޵ġأⱲӶܵõġ
ϯżϯ롣
ҶҶˡҶл࣬ұҶճĴӡӡճС㡢С㡣
ϯ϶ҶͷҶ˸ͣҶСǱˣࡣҶлԻٲҪϼ䡣
ҶлԵشûһ仰˵Լڰòá
ȷʵҶлԳڰ⣬ʳǡԻݸмСϿ˿ǣеǷǡ
ǰϢ©ȥ£ԻݾͰü䶮񡣲ڰĥǷʤġ
ҶǣҶлԵ֣Ȼ´ˣҲӦýԼ֣¿֦ɢҶǡ
Ҷлд󺧣Ҷˣæżգľֵõ˵ЩûеӣֵõңĸײҪ˵ˡ
ҶЦţ飺£ʮͲСˣ¿϶żġ
ҶˣһҲӣҶ˹Ҷҵļ£Ȼͬ˵һ˵Ҷ˽£
Ҷ⻰ãǳҶˣµ飬ֵõ죿ⲻǣ
ҶұͲʲô壬Ҷԭ䷢޵ĸҲһţûʲô档ҶĳɾͶԼΪӪıġ
ǰΪ٣ĴȥĶƶ֮أҲûʲôбĹٻ´壬Ҷ˶Բúܺò¶׾
ڣҶΪ٣Ʒ
ץһƷԱĵطҶ˵ļʶѾˡȻѾ꣬Ҷ˵׻Ǵ򲻽˼ҵȦӡ
ϯ˺Ҳ˵ϼ仰ʶȻ͸ˡǶڼ̫ӿ⣬Ҳ꼶ͱᵽɵλϡǼѧԨԴһͷϣǶʾ£޷ס
Ҷ˾Ȼǰ˽£ʱŵɫ԰ס
Ҳ˵飬ߵǸŮӼͲ֪Ҷǿ϶١Ȼ飬ǹ̫ʦһġȹԱˣҪ֡ӶûԼŮǶˣǰҲ˳졣
Ҷ˵Ȼ֪Ҷһ˲ô࣬˵ȴһٺǳ⡣
ʱ֪룬֧֧᣺£檲Ǹ˼ֻǡֻǡ
ˣ飬ҶҲһֱĿˣĵġ
΢У۾
δС㣬ŭģΪˣԾĿڣҪ࿴һۡ
û˵ֻǵͷһѼУ뼾óԡ
ͷ΢ЦҶˣ˱ְλ齹ͷöƢЩҶ˲Ҫȥ
ǡҶһٶ໰
һʱϯȥ
鱾ͲԸ˱ҲںֻǿҶһ˵ȣֳƵ÷
һֱߣ鶼һõģ
ҶлҲûлᵥȥԺһԼĸִֻҴҸһ𣬻˰
ߺҶҶ˾һͷ
ƽЩ飬࿴ЩۡעöǶȥ߶߶ԱķһϷȲҲաһ˼նǵð²죡ҶŭĿӣǽʲôͷ㾹Ȼ˵Ļʲô֦ɢҶҪ˼ӣĸƾӹ󣿣ãǰĳ谮˼ӣΪס
ҶľګҲţ˼кӣҶ͸𣿡
ҶָҶˣ⣡ǹ̫ʦǸʲôԼСŮԽ˹ȥ붯ңһ£ȫҶҪǨ֮ؼా
Ҷ˵ûô࣬ʶôԶ顣δָӵĹϵȻҲ֪ԺǰĹϵ
ҶһɸֵӣԺˣ˵˵Щò֪ԼľˣҶǻ
ҶԽԽίʱ£Ҵֱ޴ˣ
ֻŵ㣬˵㣬ľˣҶһҶ˿޾ͷۡ
ءˣˣ㲻ǸҸ׿пɣ飬ѧѣ̲ϾϿȻнյĳɾͣҶĨᣬ޺޵ˣĻˣͿʼķޡǣ˵˾仰˲õǵˡҶ˼ֲģƽûҲ御ĸһŮӣѲɻʴ𣿡
ҶԽ˵Խű߼ʣͳޣٿޣ޵ýַھӶ֪ꣿڵӣǰôиһ˵͸ϤЩ顣ҶǼҾƶȷʵҶɽ֮󣬶ҽӼõû٣ʲôݶݵϴ磬Һ˵䣿ڲУָҺЩġңҸ޻˵
Ҷ۾ͨ죬˦ȥ
ҶԼڴ޵ģֻСŮĻ棬ŵܹסԼĸףοĸױˡϸ۾ˣԺǿˣٲҪǹķһ
⻰һҶͲˡ
Ů˵ôڷǰʾںԺս¶ӡ


199  
ô죿
緹öʳ, ȻҩѹѹθﵽǻջǵġҶ˺Щʳθֱˮ
ظ·, ޾ɵر۾ڳ, θ, ͷϳصλײö졣
״æͷԼϣôˣ
ѹѹͷˮ, Щܡ
ôܷü
θãųЩʳ¾Щܡ
Ϊβ˵˿˶§ڻִӱϳһ޵Ĵ멣, ůЩ, ᲻õ㣿
ܵý, ˵ֻһ
ǲ̫ˣ, ͣҶлԻȥ
ȥҶлߡ
һͣ, ɫ˲úࡣ
ȥҸ, ûӣ¯Ҳԡ
ȥ
Ұ𼸸, 㿿ҲЩţͷλ, ޷Ŀϡ
һ
鶯ֲķ, ôΣԼ֪Ǽ÷ٲҡ
ԺϲЩͱˡ˭Ҳû涨һҪЩΣ鷳Ҳ鷳΢˼³ͷСñýۡ
ŻһЦʣաʴֱɣЩװţûʸվߡ
󼷶ұûûǵʱҲûôǫ顣ְһӡ
Ȼᵽ˱⣬㲻˵ЦҪ̧ͷֱ鰴˻ȥһ˵
ʵգգ۾һЩͼֽ
ʲôͼֽ⻰ˣûӣȻһӣͣͷżеͼֽ
Ӧš
㻭ģʡ
ش𣺡ЩǣЩǡ
ľ
һЩ
鼤ذѼӻҶҪ߾ʦӼͼֽȻǻɣ
ЩΪѣһģҪһЩˡ
š»ڼҡ
ıӦУ΢
У鷴ʡ
˶죬û˵аЩҲǲԣֻֻҪеҵĿЩͼֽ֪Ǳ徸ĺˡʱҲסˣҪǺã
в𣿡ɣ׷һ䡣
пԡû顣
ûУоˣѼϱʲôⱲӲȢ㡣
һ͵һںˮ˲ӿ˳һϡ
ʱһζ
ŵæס죺Ҳǹġ
ûŭҲû˵ϵۻֻ࣬׷ʵǲܵýǾͽһҿջס£
ҡҡͷˮֿ˺޷˵ֻס졣
֣ͽһջ
ֿ˿Χصǰһջ
ȥһϷ鿴żܵýı֪ǲܳĶҲҪңּʱ䳤ʳ붼ġ
šûشֻӦš
Ƭ֮Ѿ˷䣬ż¥
仹ɾ
ҪЩˮϱõ·ֻǼϴ£һ·Ӿ
һů¯װ˿̼׺ӣݸ˼ů¯θůš
ߵߣҸɣ
֪Ϊ̫ĶëһҲΣ޷Ǿǿһҩ顣ҩ࣬ǵ˵ͷ
۾ͷûе顣ů¯ůţθ΢Щ
ûһбˡ
ۣУ֪鲻ġҲû˵ָп
пԺ˾θǳԶĶġԼҩܺЩθһһϦĹɾҪ࿴Щȥдӣɾȥץҩա
ˣͷʾȥץҩҩ
ȻԼڴرϣż
鿴Щ飬̲ס￿˿
ϲĶֲܳԣΪβ˵
һᣬθ¯ůţ΢ЩѾθˣĶԡ
ż
Ȼúÿ˵ʱһɳϳɷΧ֮ڶܸо䡣
״æ֣ǣʾȥš
ദĻᣬҲ飬̧ȥ⣬š
ʣ뼾ˡ
֪ˡ
ΪﱡʱҲģ
Ų飬һֻ¯ůθһֻ䣬ţʲôݣΪȥ³жţԾͶһЩҺã֪ҲѧŽܡҲ֪ԼĽܣ˴ҡҲûиദľ飬ֻãӶҪӵģصΪˣֲܳԣôǰӣһ
ûɼִʵ棬ס֡
ҳҲҲҲ߸ңҸô죿´Ҿ֪ӦôˡԲ۾޹顣
˵úе£ԣҲܣһ
˵ף˽Ϊѡ
ס֣̾һҲ֪ҵĺ⣬ΪѡҵĲǡ
ҵӲǡΪһ㸺Уæҳ֮ǰѾҳһҩˡǸǴＹúܺóԡҾϲʳɲ̫ܳ࣬һ÷ֶҡֻҷſ˳ԡȻˣءұ˿ڸѽ
Цֻ۾ģʱ˿޹ı飬һ鿴ǸŮ
ﻹ
ֻԺʲôǣһҪͬ˵ҪϹ˵㽿ҵȢҪġ
ǰڱ徸һ
۵ϲˮģϧӿҿۣԼˣҪ۲
ˡţ£ҩˡˣְȥա
ֱӣһ
Ŷҩݸ飬˵Щ˻Ӱ򶼸ˣϵֲ˳ȥ
鶢żһҩȥա
һҩȥθѾöˡ
˶Ҫ𴲴ЬҺöˣȥա˵Ǹµȥ
סǸϵ¶¶


200 鲻Խ 
𶯣ұᡣ
û, ʲô¶
һ磬ϣż, ƿ¥³ˮ, , ǰȾһΡ
ңĻ, 治ѣûϵء
Ǳǰÿˡߵ󣬴§ס°ͷĲޣⶼ㿴ÿġ
ÿģͷ顣
ͷȥҿűǡ
ֻݡġһһ貵̻ҹը, Ѥޱ, 
̻û˵, Ϳеĵ̻ȫϨˡ
һƬڰС
һ̻ըѵ
ϵĵȫ, յʢʡ
ÿһ̻ըѣĿĵطͻһ䰵һ
Щƹָ̻, ʱڳһĵͼ, ʱڳһɫʱŮ, ʱ
ĻһشѤõĻ, Ļ֮ɵͼ
Ŀɿڴؿ̻, Ϊͼϱ任״ɫӽɫӯɫ֦Ҷĵ۷۵ĺɻԼտ١
վڸߴһУޱȵλãޱȵ
ÿ𣿡ڼ
ľګʵ㡭ôģȻôɫĵƻ𡣡
ѧ
ıϢѾ˼ӣͳˮѾƤ
㣬˶鱧ڻ޴ӡ
ңҡǺ档
żѩ׵Ĳżߵҷô˼ܾô˵㡣㲻û¸¸ңҲܸ㡣
һ֧ë֮ƤòС
˶첲ȴǯһĸ첲ѹס
㡭ˣֻܻ顣
Ѿͷ쵽˼ࣺ֡
һ京ŵĻȴżĻӦ޷
ҵ֡żãĸ档
顭ǵֲסջ󣬵һ
ͷһǡ죬Ҷ
ͷһĴϡƬů˲䴳ײȻӿ졣
ͷЦţ龰֮£Ҫܾҡһĵġ
ֱ˼ųˮһĹƣ˲ˢȫ
ͷѾǰת˴ϡ
ţţ˼Ưš
ת˫ץס½ŬػӦ
̻ţֵ貣ǰбһݣµĵѾԶ뱾壬ƮƮɡ
һּ¶һϴС

ò׵һ϶Ҫ˵ֱӰĻ»
ֱһס־źȻ˹Ŭ룺𡭡
֪Լ˷ӦͣҪ˵òͣ
˫ץס˫ۣͷϣŲĲصס
붯ȴֹס𶯣Ҿһᡣ
ٷץ˻Ѱӵѹ˼ϣͷļϡŴ֪롣
һᣬֻصĺԼⲻըѵ̻дⲻϱ任ĵƻ𣬰ѷյú
ǸӲ鲻Խŵ˰ɣ
سҲסҡû׼Һ¡
šһҵ㡭ϲңȫȫؽңʱ೤ѾȢˡӲ
飬ͷûҵݻ鷳㵱Դ
Цˣһ鷳ʲô鷳ܱȱЩǻˣܱ̫Ӹĥ
̾һȻ˵һȫ鷳
һһըѵ̻Щ㱣ڼƺҲӡ
˭һҲڿ̻
ƿ飬ת⻹ڱ任Ľֵգá
ôˣ鲻ԣȥ
üҹܾҼ
ͷ£ʱģԪƻҲǻ̻ġ
Ԫƻᣡ
Ȼˣϸȥ
ԭԭ
һ֣ɵЩģǰȥҪס֡ȴתߣԼһߣ
񿴳ǰ㡣
Īǰһһ

úõģôˣüȴǰ
ͷѣ౻Ļӣ˺ڵϡ
״Ҳǰȥֻæȥ⣬
üһ߹ȥ£ָһ룬Ȼֽסȥ˯һͺˡ
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ռˣȴûֻڴϣۿˣۣװ˯
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ӣʱϳˡ
һۣȥϳˡ
֮Žϣ˶ˣװʲô
˿⣬ȷȴˣ˴ԣҩ
俴ģԡ
һҩûҰÿСʲôԣ
˼Ϊʲô飿
ڵøʵˣû
˵ûߣǰѾʩˡ˯˻ܼ˯ˡһֱϲѵΪ˶飿
ҩͺˣûٸˣֻܰһЩǰ¡
볯йصģɴ۾
޾ɵصͷȻ֪Ǽ£ûϵǣӦ
ҡҡͷԡǰɲЩ¡
գգ۾ְǣʵ˵Һе⡢顭᲻Цҡ
΢΢һϷŰֻе㣿
ˢ¾ͺˣǰе㣬ڡӦϲ
Ϳ˼ˣֻǴδ˵ƶѡ
鲻һдۣɫǮġһõĶȥ漾ʯͷ϶һרǱǶ˶ġҪ˵Ķ⡢檡
Щʱգ鲻ڹڼԺδ̤㡣
ǰ˺˼档
˵ģž֡
ϲϲ£ͳˡ俴ż
ǴޣվԲ˳īڹһᵽЩơ
˵ˣתƻ⣺Ҳס֪±ӼôҲû
л˵
ӣ˭Ҫĸգ


201 ߲ 
ôң
룺Լûʱܰɡǲڲ鱱õ, Ҳͷöпչ㡣
˵ŻֿŶ롣
һڼǰ
˿üֿİ˵Ҫȥݷʦ, ˳ʦ忴ȼ
ֵѾˡ
ͷǱ㻻ݰɣֿǸƲ, ȥӦҲ, Ҫؼһ¡
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Ѿȥǰͨƽ, ȸرվſ, ż
һ³ȸԺߡ
ӻˡȸȥǸˡ
ʵϵ˺ȫ𣿡
ȸͷһ
, ҷҪ
ңȸɴ۾Ҫ
ô䣬Ը𣿡
ȸܵǰ, ķֵԸ, Ը⣡ȥʲôҶԸ⡣
æ𶯲͹ģûô, 㱾Լθ, ֤, ֽ
ȸʱжҪޣһ۾ӣҲޡ
ͷһһ谮ȥѦҽա
Զ̺ôڼϸѦ½һҩ®ʲô¡ӣ´ƹҩ®һõġ
˺Щҽ飬ϡҩķҩ®
Ѧӵ˼⼸գûҩ®Ժȫҩ®档
ȥʱ򣬿ѦһƬ͸Ķչ⡣
ʦ塭ڿʲôþ档
Ѧһͷһһ·Сֱܹӹꡣ
ùѦӰϵĶǰ
ϸ˿صⲻ᣿ݸĿϲдЧ
붾ɺãѦ׷һ䡣
ζʣ¡Ҫ붾ѡʲôضĻ
Ѧ˷ܾ˲ͱˣϵĶһֻȥ㻹֪
֪⻰˵ԼģԼǰȥʦ£Ҳ³򡣡
ôǸѾͷûѦӺϲ䣬Ѿҽ˸ͨ͸ҽһ㶼
ЩʱҪ̽ʦ塣˵ĲڣҪɵġ
ѦһֿҪҲˣȥҩȥˡ
֪Ѧûȥ鷿˰⼸ղϢżһӦ˹һһؿš
ù֮һʱֿ㵽˼ſڡ
ƽ˵һֱЩ缲˯ûֿȥݼѦӡֿԺ棬Ҳ໰ȥѦӵҩ®
ֿҩ®ſҩ®ĹƱĴࡣ
ѦӿֿҩҲ˵ܣҩ
ϸϸ֮ѦӵȻҪšȻտţҲи
ֿѦĳҲҾǣμġûȥݹˣȥӡЩʱϲ飿
Ѧû֪ˣƤӡ
ֿҩ®ƽѾˣ΢΢Ƿˣ鷿ȵ¹ȥ
ֿһƣ鷳ƽ·
ƽǷҲң¶Щôʹá
ֲֿҸϣˡûͷ֪ҵĶУҽţҿô죿
ƽû뵽ֿݵˣҲ˵ϻҷȤĬһʱҲûǰĽţֿ˵Цȥ鷿
·ϣֿʲô߽Ҫ
ŵľóһݸֿ
ֿӹ˵ģƽﲻǼ˾͹ϥܿġӸϹû󣬵ƽҲоɼġҲأһ⣬ƽ£ȫļǧ𻹸ңҵӣҿҪ˵ģ
ֿЦӯӯذﶫƽģС⣬Űɡ
ƽҲ֪ǺãһȷʵأҲƴǣˣūл¶ˡ
ֿڰ֣ĻҪллƽҴ·ǡ
˵Ѿ鷿ƽԶԶվסˡֿԼ鷿Ժӡ
ƽŻ߳ȥԶſһ·ֻҪֿͬ˵·ļ˶һ
ǻһ壬ֻǷ֮ǲصС⣬һ˹
һʱ丮ˣֿ񶼻˲١
ƽӽ£֪˵˼ûаүļӣؾͱЩССݣӴﶼ
ֿǱȻҲ˼ұ
ľһһİڼǰһһţǿڸիңһǻ¥ů⣬Ժθůůġ
ָһ۽ǽֿڽֱ߰ڵС죬ҿźÿһڲòҲ˵㡣
ЩЩ֪룺¡ΪΣ
ֿЦǰϲԵСӳӳ־òŲţҼȻˣҲܿȳСҲǺõġǸů⣬ǻ¥õĸ㡣θҩĥģ³Զܡ
ֿ֣ů˹ȥ
ЩЦãû뵽ֿһѳԵԡƺǾòҽ֪ӲãרЩķӵĳʳ
죬ͷһ飺ǡҳ
ҧһڣ΢ŴŴ壬ȴɢһɵҩ㡣
óԡ죬Цš
ֿȷʵһԻͯкóԵģģһ֪
ó԰ɡֿһڣֵ⸽ǻʼȪǼҪȥһݣҿԴӽȥ
֣ԺҲһȪ鷳ˡ
ðɡֿû뵽Ҳû£Ȫݣбĵط㾫Щȥ档
ֿ˼ҪܣæĶһ¡һ仰û˵꣬ͱҭסˣͨ졣
ֿæȥյݸԼȥı
һڲ裬ǰѸ˳ȥˡ
ֿȴһֱڼ󣬻ţԽԽԽԽϬ
Ӧ˵£ûˡ
ֿ۾ֱӴվվҲ˸Ӱֱס˼˫ֳżΣ
ɴ۾Ҫˣ˭֪Ѿվ˼󣬰θסˣˡ
ֻֿһָľ룬ɵҪͷȥ
ֿ΢ЦҪֵرֿܿЦôң


202 Χ 
ûȤ
һء, ȥҲǸûûƤģںܻ˵µԺҪȢ
ֿζһЦȢʲô˼, ҰҰȤ
Щŭ, ҡ
ϵĸĲ, ֿȻһ㣬ôôЦ, Ӷܲ𣿡
ֿѸٵǰ
ʰɣӺ洫ֻһֿ
ֿϡ
ֿ߹˳һţֿ۵ֱ졣
վڼĽתٲ, ¥, ʡ˰ɡǰ˸, Ѳɣպ󱱾ս, ǻսıս֣
ֿȣҲǿЦ㶯֪Ϊǰʷ̨֮õأ
۾ģΣ
ֻֿһЦ, ȴ
ֿļ, ЦģɲŹɣ
üû, Ҵ̼ǰɣ
ֿһίӳȥ, ಡ, ұֻܴźóԵˡô㶼ʲôˣʲôˣ
ȻЦ˵һյƣͨ͸ϲҿԼӵȤɱյƴˡǵƣҰˡڼסţ
ֿɴ۾𣿡
ҰҲɡЦøˡ
ָָֿ飬޻˵һ䣺ݣߣ
ֿ˼
׷ʲô£ɵɵ顣
üռ˱˻֪
ӣֿұҪҪôˡ˲죬ȻϻմŸ㣬ôˡ
Ȼͨ籨š
ϵĸ㣺˵ֿĸ㣬ͦóԵġ
˵ձҪȥһŲһס˼֡
ô̧
ǾûȤܣóԵĺĶ֪ż
룺ȷʵǸȤˡ
㣡鶯˶ӡ
̧ȥֻǷŭۡһЦ˳˵ҾЦҿҲǾЦġֿҲ̽ҵģֲɵܱССݸ²ȥ
ɫЩ͡
ֵҪһģҲҪ̻ӵƼġȻ˭ҲԽȥˣһɵĴζͻŮӣԽԽöԸ
Ůӣ鵹ǵһ˵¡
ͷΪϴҳȥ棬רȥ԰ΪΣΪİСʶǲߵʲôˡεˣȻȻĻǲǰεҪ̽
ղǲһͷҲˡ̾һǽˣңպʲôڡ
ô֪ݣʵ
ͷ㻹ǲǵϴҹȥй¶ٵ飿
ţü
һ˵м˸ҡһӾˡ˵ΪʲôҪ˸Ű
˼Ƭ̻صһҹɱǶ˻ɡҲףǴ㲻ǹˮ
΢ǴԼǴǸŮвġֿǹˮпܲµݡ
֪¹ش˽ǸŮ
ӰȥӣֻΪǼӰŵˣֿȴɰ߾ʦӼһˡ
һȥ԰ݷã¶Ϊȷһ¡һͼıģֻǼ֪ͼʲô
ǻɣҲðȻЩʲôȥͷңҾûмӺҵ˼ɫ磬ûˣ
ҡͷҲûˣֻϻԿʼˡȥ游ֲȥʷ̨˿ˣҪڳϲҽʶ͢ʿᵳӪ˽
ӣˣ֮ǻԡһƾٻ̫ľȻຮӵǡԳ͢˵һ¡
ͷϵֽСֹڳڡ
֪游ĸ
һֿƾ٣һ㳤ҵ鲻ȥġ֮Уʲôǰ΢ЩΪˣͻᱻൽ˵һʵᷳ
ֻܿο̫Ǹ֮ˣ㼴ǲȥ̽Ҳ֪⣬⽻ĸţҲˡ
棿һܳλ˾
ͷԻʺȻʧ壬վǻʺԼڳûаγҲ׶ûƹܺ󹬣ôôԻʺԺһЩ󹬵飬׻ҪصԻʺģʱ⡣ȨٻԻʺУǱɽղͬˡ
ƺЩû
ЦȻˣȥɡҷſġ
ŵùʵϻ𣿡
ŷ⣺õ飬ϢһֱϢ͹
óһŷݸ飺㿴
ӹ𿪣չȥ
ϵŷﱡҹ̣Ѿˡϡﱡȥùļ¼ҲĴ顣ֻһأ뻧Ŀмĳ롣ݴʷԡ
̧ҵ֤ݣ
գԻʺҵˡǹЩ֮¡֤ݿ϶еģǿʲô˸ҳҷ飬ó˵Щˣҵȵȿ
ͷ
ֵϢϢ͵Ƶһֱڼûˡ϶ҪصģϢֱ봦գҪӰѲϢϢǡ
նҪϢǱҪնҪ·ͷ˫£һⲽӳߣΣ
룬ҡͷСԻݹܼңŮʹȻõˡȻҪ򻻵طǵԻɡǸˣƿ
Ҳǣ߳򣬱ضҪͨԻݡԻȻڰߣ˵ףΪԼվȽţŻᶯ֡þδ֮ǰǲƫκһġ
ĥʱɨһ۴⣬꣬Ȼ⣺ҩΣ


203  
ȪүһԵ
ҩ̡û
ȥҩץҩ, ˳Ϣǡ˵ҩãһЩӵֻ˵ӱСɺã
У˴۾, ͵
ЦǸ˵ǣѪĲһ, ЩҩĲҲǺõġ
ҲСͷ
Ƶ, żĲͷСĲӡ
̾һ, ϵŷ⣺Ҳ룬Ҳû취žͳţ鶼Щŷ˽⡣Ȼȥգܴȥǰŵģ˿, Ҫ¡
šżĲ, ˳С
֡, ͬŷһ
ͷϵڡ
ѽ, Դסãңһҿˡ
·ͦÿ, õģ½, Ҳ
û̧ͷص֪, Щ׼ġȥƽ, ֪
ͦġ, սÿϹҲʮƥ
ս
ûע˵ûע⣬˵Բһϲͨ
ǰסʱļʪȣǴӴᱡɴ¡
صſʼһ·Щ·ɫʱ£Ȼ֪϶Ǻö
ս塣ָżһ彲ƽչԵϸɣ߾ϸнգ¶뼣ɫˣʶĿɫ˿Բת磬ϸȣһ¡Ϊ弼աƽ롢͡⡢˳ȡƷƷһϳ˵ģġǸŮӴģӴսټһԲҪټѣרİǮơ
ͣе飬䣬úõش
֪ܶĳԴöϻ˶˼
ϴδƽųķ֯ǻ죬ߡƽѰ˼ҲۡϤüݴѡ
ÿһرƣɡ
Ҳ̫öͿˡ
ЦСڹҲ
ءͷֻعζԣǿҷء
ЦĹģһŰգҲ¡˭ļתأ
ѽȥȥˣ˵űҪ鷿
*
˼һᣬ˵Ҫϵ١
ȸ鷿
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ȸӵ񣺡ӡ
Цţһ£㲻ɡǳˣ˽㴦áôУֻҪŪ
ȸЩɻ
֣дһ֡
ȸһ֪˾æʵģ
ͷ֣ȸеԼǰֹ˼䣬ɼˣ
ȸͷסˡ
óһݸȸԼСЩ£ǳ㡣ȥա
ȸӹȸԾسš
*
Ѯĵģձ䳤ҹ̡ʱĩ߻Żơ
ʢԷСǰһ۵ΧǽϵĻ̳ϣĨᡣ
ſһСˡ
֮ˣվܹȥһץסǸС˾Ϳޣ磬Ⱦҡ
С˼ͷǰˣȻúǺÿɵʵôˣ
ţλ磬ȸ԰ˣȪүʶ
ȸ˵⻰ʱ۽΢죬ڳӨ۲ֻڹС˵Ļǡ
ȸ˵ʲôСȫûֻſȸģ
ͷҰ͸ȪүֻȪүһԵգ
˵ȸеСˣƱҪʯǽײȥ
С˾סȸȴȸƤƣһŮӶҪţһʱҲ벻࣬ѿڵĪҪѰҰűǡ
ȸȻ֮Сģ¯ࡣ
һС˵ҪӾ˼ֱ֣ӿСϣȸվסС˳־§ס֫
šȸһֱֵС˵Ĺø硣
ȸ֮ߣһСţһ½Ȼļһ롣
һĵӣһ㶼ŮӲ
СԭסȸȻֱӳϡһȸһơ
磬㲻ϧܵܡȸȻԹ۲ˣ磬㡭
ȸðСģء
Сͼ뱧Ѵ֮ͰĿİش˻̳ǽߣȸֱӵǽϡ
С˴δӣһʱ侹ûѳסҪȥȸĺ촽
ȸסС˵죬óѣҵĺø磬ļѽ
ҪòܵõĸоĥˣС˵ʣҪΣ
ȸָԼļ°ͣ°͵ٵһ·Ĳ磬һ˳ܲ˵òСһҧȸѩ׵Ĳ֮ϡ
ȸø磬ȸۡ
СҲ˲࣬ȸһҧȥ
ȸ͵һ磬𡭡ҧ
ʱʢƫֿˡ
С˵ǵһ㺣ݣƫſһ˲䣬һشӻ̳˳
ȸʧȥ֧ڹľסΡ
˴
Сϳ컹δȫȥ֧֧˸ҡ
ǽˣƱҪ
Сæסˣҵˣ
ӽɱˡƺм£û˵仰Ҵˡ
СԶһ
һƬ˹ߴ磺硣
С˱ŵŵùǺʱȸޣҲû¡
ȸǣ½ǣǰ͸ȪӣȪȸ绹ȸûԺȸ湦򣬸绹ûء
ȸ̧۽ȫɬָԼĴϵһ£
ôôÿĵ߻ƣ޻
ǹҤ㣬Ҳ˰ɣ
ͻȥүšС˹ϣȻԼҪŰµģʾҪȥš
ȸЦ¿һһ㣬С˵һĴǣǱ͸ˡ
С˼֣˸
ȸԭЦòõգ˲ڼϵϵá
ڰˣ㶼ӣһĻҲⲻǷǡһ㶼ٿ׷ײͷȥ
ʢڣʢȪõȸţ𿪿ˡ
ȸ޷ǾǿԼΣļҵĸձڷڣʹ
ǹҲûˣû漸ձˣӸϸ˳޴ȥֻʢүе飬Ͷϣʢүϣһ
ʢȪתֱŸˡ
ɫӲߡ


204  
ܹĿ࣬һҪһһţϣգݣ
ʢȪʢ, Ѿȫˡ
ȸԸӣڻ̳ϵš
ֱ֪ʢȪǳˡ
ʢȪӲŶ, ȸȸӡŻ谵ĵ, һۻ, ʢȪ.
ʢȪ
ȸ˲˹ȥ
ϳʢȪԼ, Űȸȥ
ʢȪ洫ȥ㴨¥
С
ȸѾʢȪѹ棬˵ʲôʢȪȴֱӰ˹ϡ
˺ҧȸϵ¡
һ˲䣬ȸ뺰, ɲųʢûԶ, ðʧҧͷ, ų⡣
ϳ洫֮, ɵ١
֪Ǹÿ԰ˣʢȪȥһֱƵĳҲһֱҪλáǰ˻һʹذѳʻƫƧСһ°࣬ȴԽԽ

šš
, Ҳ̲ס, ͣƵĻͷ, ŴһСǡ
Ͽ, ֻʢȪڵ, ֽͱסﻹһƲ滹һƲͶµʵʵ
ֻܷ
ϿֻǸÿڵϣһֻţʢȪļּϳͷһаЦԼһֻŲʢȪϣʹꡣ
ʢȪ۵úҲˣֻʡ
׹ʲôžԼӣΧİѱĵУĲϡͲҶ
ȸۣŽµʢȪ
ʢȪȻء
֪˵ʲôҵŹġ԰ɣȸЦţôѽѹûŻȥܹĿ࣬һҪһһ顣ţϣգݣ
ǰֱӰʢȪΣڼһ
ȸڵϣ׻ɫ½ǣء
ǸԼɴһȥʢˣɣҴˡʢӻš׼֪ͨһʢӵʮָʮֺÿһʱ䣬һ͵ʢȥұػãܣ
ûع
ȸȻϬȵ𣿣
ǣǣǳŷӦ˵ģæͷ
ȸһЦۣûعΧ˱ʧ˺ҹ
Żعظϡ
ʢ򼸺ʢݵ鷿
ſС˿򾪻ʧ룬æԵɣ鷿ʢݻ¡
ʢǾ㵣ǱŭʢȪԺСȫ˹һء
һţŭЩﶫʲôүȥΪû˸ţ
һ߷СŵǲţүǸŰ
ΪβǸţʢһǳ⣬̡
ڵϵС໥һۣ˭ǰ˵
ʢֱӶϼҷﹷūȥȫȱУ
һ£С̱˹ȥæһһػ㱨
үǱһȸ˽гȥġһС˵
ԶԶԣǸȸ԰ϷӣúÿŮӶġһС˽졣
үȥ԰ǸϷӣ԰ǸϷһ𡣡
ʢͷۻ˵Լסڴڵش˵
үӵһţűˣ˴ƫ׼ȥˡһ˶û
ѽѽҲˡүһϲ.ǸȸϷӡ֮ǰǸϷӵǸϷӾҲȥŷ顣ү϶ǵáʱ˺ЩǮ԰ء
Ϸӿ϶ǻģ֮ǰһֱүϷٯٯŰүƭ˳ȥ
Ϸƽ￴ȥ޸֮˴Ӳ֡뻹ɳ飿
СһһʢȪǸȸĹϵ˵˸š
ʢ̲¶ϰ֡
һͷȸϷӼÿҩӣŮӲȥȻҲǵʢȪ
ʢȪӣһֱʢȪϣʢȪ½䱸
Ȼ֪ǺԭϷ뿪԰ݽ󲻹ЩǵʢȪϧ
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˭֪ȴƱ
ӣЩ֮硣Щÿÿǳ⣬ᱻʢ˻š
ĸܶʢȪԽĲ֪ʢûչܽӣֻʢˡȻÿ궼ǹ£̲°ο鶼á⸶ӶѾ⸶ˡ
ʢݺȻ뵽ʲôʵ˭ͽģ
С㿴ңҿ㣬Ծȥһ˹м䡣
֪Լˣʢݣүү
˶ʢһֱӰ˴ĿڳѪ˭˵ĶҲͽʢ
С˱ȸһֱӰɥԭһ׷Ĵ۾ȻǸԼֻ֪ˣôȥᱡǸϷӡ
үС˱סʢݵ˻ţ
ʢһŰ߷ڵأϳȥȱУ
ǰȥ
߻û£Ǳʢ˾ͺ޵үȾȪҵӣʢĶ簡ǰǰӣһӰ
ʢһͷʢ˿ߣʱƢָʢˣ˼˵ӻˣ⼸ǵĻ»٣̲飬˭ڣ³£ߵ֪ǳ˱
ʢŮһӣȻӣֻҪʢȪҪģʢ޲Ӧʡ
ʢȪ£ȻҲ˲ֻ࣬ʢǰãҪʢ˵ʲôҪյӡ
ʢݴŭҿװȫǽգӣҲ˵ҴյóղҪٳʢô˳ȥ˶⡣οôӣ
ʢ˲ŲЩеûģԼһߣܲܳɣҪʢȥ죬ţûûӣ̫зӵģܲһֱ̫Ӱ¿û취ƽɣ
ʢԴָۣʢˣ£㻹ֵǽ֪ʢݵĶΪ㣬ˣ˰ˣҪȥ̫ӰæΪ̫ʲôƲ磿ֻǸõ̲λã̫֪ô鷳ҳӽףֱӻһ̲ףȨ𣿣
ô˵ʢһʢ⻰㵣²̫ӵ֪


205  
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ʢݰ֣̫ӵ֪, ֵ˾֪˶֪ʢȪҪ˶ܽӻһʣ
ʢһ²ܴģҲ, ֻʢԼʢϵׯӵزūȫ, ҲղӰ
, ⲻ൱
ƴ˰һĶ, ôôܾôûˣ
뵽ʢ涼ҪֱڵϷޣҵĶΪûб£ܡ˵ӣԴϵɴñҪ㣬ʢҾһ磬պô찡
ұ죡ʢݱʢôһ, Ҳ, »ûأô֪Ҳ鲻ӵȺˣ
ʢһʢ, 죬˲, Ůʵ
ʢݳ̾һھȥ˰£ĪҪٿˣó㵱ĸӡʢҿˣκ˳ȥ©ʢȪЩ, Ҹ˵ǰˡ֮, ֵǷ꣡
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ʢݳ̾һ, ȥһһ·ҹ͵ĸϡ
ʢȥʱ򣬳ͲŸմУ
Ҷ˵̲ʢʱҲ֣˿߳ƽܵܽʲô˾
ƽһ֣ҡͷұµæˮûȣĻл£ܲŽ˳Ƿ˷أնȥѲӪöûȥˣĹ˾
˻һȥ裬ͬʢ˵һ·ȥ
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͵ͷԼ·ȥǰʢݡ
ʢݿͣҪ£ʢŵæǰסʢˣĪҪɷҡô˲Ŷ˴񣿡
ʢһҪ޵ı飬ΡΡʵ벻취ˣ´ˡ
ʢ£ʢݲŰԵ˵һ飬Ȯӱ˰ܣҲûа취󵽳´ǰ´ƹŽǷ˹ܣͷ˰ҶӰգ
£Ȼ㵣Ҳ֪ƵһЩ飬Ѳϵ
˵ˡɱʢȪûֱӹǶ۹⡣
ܹǻ浽ǽ֮أڵ⡣Ȼ佫һŲΣǶڳ˻мӡ
ⰲһ֮ءֻܷ΢ŽЩ£Ʃ췴񱩶֮ġһʮ˾ͿжµģǹܲšҲ޴֡
֮ǰ飬Ҳ֪λקȥȥˣ˭ķ⣬Ρ
ˡû䣬ֶһ͢ƷԱĶӱܣһ𣬼ǳһ죬˵
˵ҲҪڳһ̬ȣұȥǷӪ񣡡
´ˣʢ֣ɲɣ²ֵǷ갡Ȯӵڱϣ֪ҳ´˴ѹӷȮ
⡭Щѣʢ˵˼ǣ
ʢݵͷ´˿óţвɷŹκһҶ֮ˣҲź̲׸֣ȥҶӰֻҪǻڳá
͵ͷǣһύȥš
ʢǰл´ˡл⻹Ҫȥ׸ˡ
ʢˡ
ʢȷʵʱ䣬˵껰첽뿪˳¸ֱĸϡ
ſʢݵĳʧڣŻӡ
ȥ㱨Ѳǽ飬һݣϵĶ˷ţߵǰһ񣺡
ͻع񣬿ɣãҪ㡣ҪŸʵˡ
һҪ飬ͷ󣺡˵
ʹŵİ鸴һ飬һ㶣ֻСЦš
üʲô̬ȣ
ʣÿ֣ȴҲ̲סɵùЦЦһЦһ
ЦֹסһͷˮЦ˺һͣɤӵҪ˵ʢȪǾȡǾ仰ô˵ţԣ˼ա
γ԰ʡ
֪ǰѲ˸ͣ˵ǸʢȪƽ̲飬ɺ¡·˭һ£Ҫ̲ﶾһ١ļҹﶼҪֻȥͨ϶ټ˾Ǳ̲ѹġڳǰԵøèһ˿ޡС򽻵Ȼ֪ʢȪʲôɡǾһĹٻӵܣ֪ʲô
ȷʵһ˵ʢȪСһôɵ۾
ֵ£˳ĸ֮ʿҪеءʢԼĶӻգţֱЦҪ˵ǷӦɵ㣬Ǹе˳ȥ
֣Խ˵Խûߣɵóǳ⣬ʢȪûΣҲȥ淢ˣɱñȥ½ˣף
ɵʢȪ̲飬̲˭ܰ˵ǰȥߣȴκβˡ
ţ¼ȻʢȪԼҵ˳֣Ǳضǲ˵ģҪıЩſϰݡδؾôáȥĳغá˼ȻҰʢӣȻҲûӡǡڹϼɡ
ɲ⡣
ǳôս˳ǷǲʢȪ׶༪٣棬ǵǸ޶֤ʱ򣬱˵ʢѣ»ӻѣΪʱʢŭ￪йߣ￪йߣǳ¼ҡף
ɱôһҲٶ˵ֻǣһ˳Ƿ
ɼ䲻鷿պײƽ硣
ƽļ򣺡ģûȥɡ
ɵͷӱš
ƽųɣ̾һ˳͵鷿ɶʢйҳ¼ҵĺöɡĥЩʱ򣬾ͻóЩҲǡ
͵ҵǵɶǾʢȪ£б顣
΢˼֮ͷ
ȷʵ°˳ǳʢȥģֻʢûпµıʡ
*
ʢȹϵϣתȻǲܾϸȥʱȥ·ϡ
Сȥ·


206  
ǸϾȻƽģ
㱾Ѿ·, ׼ԡŷִ·, רȥſڵʢݡ
ʢ, ί
㲻ǵһμ, ÿʢȪ£ʢݶ⸱, ⸱ģͲϻǱֳһģô
ʢס֣˵˵
һҶģʢȥ鷿
֮ʢݲŴſǻʢȪ˵һ顣
ͷŶӱˡţӱƱˣ
ʢͷ
㲻֪ΪкȻû, ֳܱ, ֻܳʱ¹ش, Ҫ£ǬգȻ˸Ұ͢ƷԱĶӣ
ʢ֣˲, ɰ
ģ֪ʡ
ʢݵȮ֮£˵ǳ֮¡ôܾأ
㲻ñ֪̫ӵͨһģ
ʢǰڰ֣̫ӵΪС·ء, ǹ̲Щһɣ
Ƶ, ô飬һѵػصʢ, , ҶӦðæġҲ֪, ũʱڣΧﾭЩƦɧŸ׸ЩʱѾȥԼϽѲӣ֤ũ¾׸ҲǼõڹ֮ϡҼĸʢ˲֣Ҳκû˰
ʢݺݺݵĴȣ뻧һ𳹲鱱õİӣ̲˶ڸӣĴ˷Ҳʵǳ鲻ȥ£
ҲǳĬƬ̺뵽ʲôʵʢӵˣֻǵΪ˳ȥܰɣضбɣҪ𣿡
ʢݵͷ
黺࣬ȻҪӵģʹЩǣ۶٣ñĶҲɣڽ˵ص㲼һЩ֡һץǡǷǳʱڣʢ˼Ȼ뾪̫ӣֻˣ
ʢʵҲ벻õİ취ˣ׸̲ڶ鲻֣ȻƹܽɽֻǸѹڲ鰸׷һ鲢óȥҲͽ޹
ۿԼ·Ҳʢҡ
̾һʢˣͬʮأЩȻһҪ˵һЩġ
ʢ̧˵
ɣ֮£֮⡣ʢ˻УҲֻ֪µǣ飬ʮ֮˾ţʢ˶ǲ֪ġ
ʢô˵ʱü˺⣿
̾һ͵ǿʢżϻ𣬲ſðŵ˵ķ˵ʢҵȵȣȥø˿
˵ձȥòӡ
߷űߵʢߵʢֻ֪һЩʢӴ£ƽС£ʵҲǲٵġʢӷ£ʮа˾ţʢ˵ĶĿ
ʢݽӹĿȥ֪Բ顣
֣һҳһҳķⲾֻǱټ¼ѣÿնĲʮٵ
ÿգʢȪ˵Ҫ⳥ǱʢȪ˵ŹƽѹҸŮ
Щӣһûֱת̲
̲
ʢ۾룬ôһӡûУ̲İӣ
ѲɣĹԱ˽ģ
ʢľ㵣ͲµʢȪɵЩ飬ʢʮ֮˾Ŷ֪ɵͬʢݡ
˵̲ܽϣ˵Ȩͨ죬Խ޴˾ʢ˵ʢݵڶ֪ԼӸ˶ٻ¡
ʢӡˡһ£˶ˣǰסʢݣʢˣ£뾪̫ӵǶԵġ׷ʢ;ǡ
֣ʢݼǿѹŹ֣ΪΣΪεڲŸ˵ǸϣǸϾȻƽģ
ʢݻںɵͬڽһܹͬ٣ҲǸпĶ̾һʢ֣׸̲̲ޣٻؼҡЩ£Ҿ˵Ҳûᰡ
ʢǰֻԼѾʢȪ±ƵͶ·ڲ֪Ѿﻢ¡
£û˿԰
һ޽֡
ֱ߿ԵáѰʢȪˣڱð϶áʢȪ˰ܣǾȡҪӣζǴղġǸ߱£ôʢȪȥΪ϶סˣӲסʢһҪǣ̫Ӱæ̫ӿҲ֣ѡˣ̲λÿ϶Ǳסġ
һ̫ˡ
˭
˭·ˣ
ʢʧ˻ظ
λƵʻҹĳ֮ϣһֻ»Ұ
*
¹ңӰ´¡
ʢ޽⡣һҩһߣҲᣬԼѡ
Լѡüۣڼ¡
֮ǰҿӾһɻ󡣡Ӱקһ¼ʢȪеĲӣָ鿴һĵط
ɨһۣ᰸ȫǮׯӡز¡
ͷ˵ʢ̲ЩҪȱֱ練ơΪ£
鴹Щ⳥ǮãŵЩʵͲʢġӦ˵ѹͲ֪
ǣϲӣ벻»ɲ¶⳥ӣܺļҵԺ飬ǸһõķʲǱʲô֮Ǯİ취ࡣΪʲôƫƫѡǮô򵥴ֱķʽȥʢȪЩ⸶ӣܲʢЩﰵ˶ٻߡôһˣû©ôǡ
̧飺Ҳ룬Щ£ǲʢλֻܹǮ˰ġʢλ͡Ȼ̲ЩԱΪλʣ
£ʵʢڱٿءһˣʢģֻʢˡ
ʢʢݵȨޣ̲ԼĶڸСûʢôȻ̲˶ٶӣײʢݣǮòʢ˼ʹϵ˳ϵ̺ӣ©ôǡʱʢȪʢԲ鰸ˣҲϾбõİѹ棬˽ϹǱԼԼ˸С
۾Ц£²̫Ҳ˿áһֱӰˣ
ҡͷҲδء
Ŀڴ⣬ӭ¹⣬ǡÿһֻɶ˲ϵԽԽý


207  
ĸܶ
, ԸӡˣԼôµ̲ԱҲǲ̡ܷǱȥʮ, سðˡﷺ¹⣬ޱ, , ƫƫǸ߽ݾˡ
סͷץס̫ӣݾ, ͷͲȥֿˡ
ҩ룬һҩ£ֱ졣
ߵ۽ٳһ޷
۵ĺ˲ͻ磬ƮɢӰ, ﺬ۽, , ʢ£Ϸǰٻ, 𷣣ҵҪ߿һۡ
ġȺʳˣһ֮ӣùȨ, ޷ٰĿ⿴ôԶˡǻΪ֮, ɵԼԼҲһ۽ɱġû˭ֵܵסȨջ󡣡
̾һ, ϸϸذ۽, ҿհաʢǸ, µۼλͷһõġȻΪںõĿӣԼȥ
ȸʢȪûأ뵽ȸӣЩǡ
̧û£ȸɱġʢȪ̻ĥˣŪˡ˻ĥôˣ
*
ͷ飬ʢҲ뵽һЩصϣֱʢ˵ķС
ʢ˻ûжױڴͷĨᡣ
ʢŶ룬絽ʢǰ־ֱͣӰʢ˴λҷɣѪ
ʢ˻û׹ߵŮ֣Ҷ
Ƕȥʢŭƽ
ʢźŮ׷˳ȥ
ʢָʢˣ㣬ʢȪЩɵû£̲˴ģ
ʢˣҪƼޣҲҭںҳ
㲻˵ǲǣʢ۾ţһǹƽõޣǰȥһѰ޳־һӣʢ˵ϡ
ʢҲǽС㣬ܹĿ࣬һУ˳ңңİȥ̲Ȫµġңң
ʢȻ֪ʢԳϣŭѾ˶ŭЦ
ʢ˸㲻ڵ״ſǻСˡ
ұ죡ʢݻһӣֱӳʢ˵ϣʢϱһѪӡ
һ³ʢֱ۵ÿҪιȥûˣֻ죬ֻȴֲȥ
ððʢ쳤Хԭ£ԼԼƵ˾·ԼĴ
ʢ˵ȻԼơžž·ֱӳʢ˵ĿϣҲ̿֡
ʢҲ˲࣬ʢݵǰˡˡ
ңʢһţʢ߷ڵأĹ˰ҵķ㱳ҵİȥݷµĹԱǸеʱĹˣ
ʢȣˡҲûӰȪΨһĶӣûгҵĴ˴ҲؿȥʼҲǱһԵ̬û뵽ЩǮİҰ¸ˡһʼȪҲǺµġǰҰôܲﰡ
һֱڣҶƭʢѾôʢˣǰˣ¶û취ֲ
ʢţˣĲֳ֪
㲻֪ҿ֪¾·ҲͬһϵƣҲκβ㣬ȥİɣʢݰеˤʢ˵ϣ˵ȥʮоżҲ֪˭ţ̫𣡣𣡣
ʢ
ʢҡҡλεطӣΪЩǸϵΪˣʵЩҰǳˣ֪̲е˶ѹڱõİ϶ãǳˣôڴϰ̲Ķӣң£Ҫ⣿ң
ʢҡͷµʱ򣬸ûгһջ±ʢݾͷΪ·ʢҲ̫˴ӡ
룬ʢһϯŽ
ǰʢ̯£ʢҰ´ˣֱӻһˣʡ¡
ˣˣɲܲȶӰʢʢݣ㣬뷨ӣȾȪգˡ
ʢȻǹپƷЩ꾭ٴˣôô־ܣ
΢΢׹ʢˣԹԵȥݣʼѹϵȫˤڵϷһ졣ʢһ죬ţֻŲŲͷȥ̽ȴǰȥʢݡ
ʢݴӴͷ˯һԿףЩһһ򿪣ҡһỹûҵתͷȥʢˣʵ֮ǰúյĺӣˣ
ʢƺ벻ʢݽһӣüʲôʱ򣿡
ʢݵɻգҽһӣ˵ӻʢѵʱ򣬿ʢһ
⻰һʢ𵱳ʢݽĺӣҲ˵òʹæȥԼױ̨Ȼߵĳ﷭һСľУæóݸʢݣҵʱҲ֪ǲǻҵģľȷһֱţδ򿪿
ʢݼСӣ۾Ź⣬һ򿪿˿ˣֻвһˡ
ﰲ˺һᣬʢݲŴʢľȥ˺ԺԺЪϢ
ʢݺԺȻûĺӡʢͬ檵ǰʢԼ̲֮ǰҲڵطʷģҲɵ˾һץһѡԼҲɻȻ檣ɵҩǵӣ޷
ԺŮһ޷ͲκηǷ֮롣ʢ˵λȹ̣ҲΪЩЩʢݵĺԺǷƽ˾δйԴ׵鷢ǸĶӣûʲô֮ǡ
̫ѡʢݣҲǿԺгǷǣصճһ
ʢݵˮЩȥƣĲҩ˵ʢǰźϴšһãʢ
ڰʢݻذŽŵ׵Ѩλʢݱš
ֵˮϴ˽ݸʢݵүȥƣϷһӣƤա
ʢֱ֣Ӱ뻳ҷ󡣡
ЦүԽԽˣ֪ˡ
Ȼظʢݵϣүȥƣҷү˯£Ъš
ַʢ£ĿʢڴͷСӡ


208 ˼ 
֮Ӳ֮λϧ
˿ʢ, Ҳȥ, ҪǸСһ̽
ָմľеۣʢݺȻ, һѰ, 
ʢȽֿʼʵĦ
⡣
ﲻʮͷ, òһ̲סʢϴա
ʢݷѹס˭֪һЦүˣ
˵űʢѹ˻ȥ
үɺãʡ
ʢӦһ
ͣʢûˡ
ҲգֻǸȥſʢ, ʵүЪϢ, ǡһΣ
ʢջҪ, ѾԺЪ˰ɡ
Ӧ, ˮʢݲӣһɾ¡
ԼȥԡʱʢѾ˺
һ֮ǰٵģ, ʢ, ߵߣʢ, ү˯ˣ
ʢݷ˸, , ˯ˡ
΢УŵڴͷľУ򿪡
*
ȥµҩ̸ץҩҩ̵ƹ񲻽˺ЩҩһţǽʢﴫϢ
ͷҩŷ˰
Ÿ˼
úɫֽõģ֪Ǽţ˲ôѣŲˣϿšüͷԽԽšһ
٣緹
ʹһ£ϣȥϳѣϣԹϷء
·еŵݸ飺ϢϢʢġ
ڼߣӹֽɨһۣɻ󣺡⡭
һ룺ֻƾһҲ֪ʢϵĻʲô˵ⶫʢһѡ
ⶫʢһѡ۾ʶⶫˣԡ
ȥϳɣ飬£˶šⶫĿʢݻôʢݵͲҪˡⶫǶҪģ
ͷվȥձҪлˣ游ҪڹԺգҪתȥԺľһȥ¼ﶼš游һסţûˡֻһչӵСˣһȥ˹ԺĵҲûʲô游ԺһЩĻݣҪȥչˡ
ţͷ룬ţԻҸĲľȥ̫ĸϰ㡣Щˣÿնȥϴıǡ
Ѿ˹ٷ߳ڸϣȥҲǺõġЩټ̫̫С㣬ϲϷ԰ӡѵꡢ̡֬㻻һװȥϲȥĵطǲҲԡҿͦϲԻ¥ĶȥЩóԵĶҲСٲãȥ游鷿һ䣬Ҽǵ游鷿±
еֽҿˣй˶ء̫࣬йȥ棿Ҳͣ⼸ˡȰǻæʱ򡣡
΢Цǳ⼸УҪĴȥ䡣⼸һܰʱ÷ǵõҳԷ
ͷ
󲽳
ҩꡣţͷ
иҪ飬Ҫȥֱ߸дõһŵݸ꣬ȥϢ㼸ó١̽ˣúõظʢݡҪĶ˭Ķǣʲô¡
ţֱӷ˷
ִ걻˲£ʵΪβȥ
Ц˼ԸЩˮH֮ˡǼ伫ģԸЩ˲㻹ߣ࿴ѧѧɡšһԻݹһˡ
*
ԻݽӵĴʱɽӼһλڹ١ڹʶԻʺߵ´ĸɶӣڹ١
ڹԻʺ˼Իݡ
ԻҪˮòķϣڹ˵ʲôϣֻվſ˵˼仰˵벻˱ִҴҵˡ
Իȥڹ٣һأ˼
󣬵С㣬Ǳ˵һȥø
Իü֪ĸˣ
ҡͷӲ񡣡
Իڻ׼Ƣֻ֪洫ŵȫһֻһ
Բܼ֮ң⻹Щ΢ǣǴ֮Щϸ֦ĩڵȫʧˡټеԳλǵİܼҵ飬ԽԽӦ֡
£Ǽʸ֪ԼⰲҪôЩϸ¶¡
Իתȥױ̨ͷΣ÷ɡ
*
ؽ˱˲㣬Իݹ
Իݿż͵ѵĲٻ˼ҳõĶӣʺĹƷһζûڼǰ
ճһɫͷϲ׺ȥ䡣
ϣԻģ;˴ϻޱȣ˹ܼҴȨˣǰڼӡʮ꣬ͿסٿСһҶлԣ֪Ի˳Ǹ
üԻݰ
һ֣ɣ˵ָŰλá
Իɨһۣߵһߣֻһ߶һĹɡ
Цһյ裬͵ԻǰƼЩӣһûʹ㣬ʲôѴ
Իݽסº񰮣ý£Ϊ룬ҳͷʲôѴУҲʴªϲܼҵ̨ˡ
ԻݣúһݣȻһˡ
Ի΢Цţһڲ裬²յм£Ҫ˵˵
˵ü
ԻݵŹڹʺﴫÿգСۡŷҲֱ̫ӰڹٴԺѾǳǣպֹŵһҪýȼǡ
֪ԻŽģ㲻żظռ޽ҹܣǶЩĿġһұɫƼҵ˳£ڻʺǰҲýϾμ޽ģ˶֪ʺ̧ԼҹԼҹĸܾã֮ˣӲ֮λǿϧˡ
ԻһۣŲ衣
һ˵ȴǸ˸ѣԻʺȻ̧ԼҹɵûΪһλáڲǰһͷһ֮£֮ϣм䣬ܵý
ռʱҪţ˭๡
գΪܣûչܣ˰ĹܼȨµмܡ
Իʺϧôϰֻ֮أί
л˵
d(^_^o)ˣǰլֳһ
ָ·ĸλǰйԻݵķȫá
ֻԻôλ


209  
ǧի
ӲԺ, ҲֻУ߶šòȨ, ҲԽȥ
Ի֪⻰Իʺ̧, Ҳ, ڷ
Իݵı黻˼ɫֱ, ˻һӣ˱ϢվܹһӡӦΪԼΪĸ㡣˵𣿡
Իݵͷ, е, ȴѾ˺üȦˡ
ԻǸ, ⻰һٲҪԼڵ
˵, ǲҪ͸ģûм˵ת˻ͷģһҪá
Ի̧˵ǡ
Ҳʲô, Ц, ̫⼸Ҫȥֻԣٸмľ, ̫ŵ, ÿٲȥƽﶼ̫ȥ, ̫Ҳûʲôİãµ˼Ҫϵġ
ԻݵͷǣһȥҸеĻүİȥٸ˵ԵɡÿɼŮСȥɨչ˻ݡ̫ıǡ
£ҲǻʺٻͷûʲôҪ£ȥɡ
ɿڵͷţԻݱ㲻ڶֱӻů󣬻װ׼ȥ
ݸһЩԼԻͷϱߵڹֱСԺСΪλҪصȥ밲˵Ҳ¡
ԻݴͭŽ壺˵һô¶벻ǰЩӣҶлΪʲôܷ
ش𣺡˵¡
Իݵһۣǵ˵ǵ˰ǵ氲ȥдŮŮһ仰дʲôбȻƼ֮Ȩɰĵգڹȥݼȴ㵹˵˵ǸĸĻʺõбŮӣʹڹװʲôģ
Իôһ㲦֪¹ϵ˵ãС˵ʺǹģ
Իü΢Ȼǹġҹ̫ԼʲôʹЩAӣϵڰҲǸͿˣ֪ĸģҲûҼƽ¡ҲûңΪҵڶҡڲվӰ̫ӡ
ô֪࣬ŰԻȥһĸǶôΣյһ¡ŵϵ˼
æȥ񣬵С㲻˵һ֪Сڴ
ʵСνʺ϶ҪϵѽСҪλش𣿡
Իһ£֪Ǻ磬ܲȥҲ֪Իʺʲôڵֻ̾һһաǹĸĴң㲻ѿġ
Իû˵ȥȴǼһµ˱ϢлѡΪλҪ˱Ϣ
*
ǰԻ˳ķߡһ·ϹŮڹٿ׷׶
ǰⶼ飬ҲҪɱһʱ䣬Իݾޱȵĳ졣
м˳⣿мȨ죿
ԻݣȻܲ˺󹬣ȴܹܵĺԺÿ峿һһǰ㱨ϹĳԴöȣ鸮ЩǮׯ˲
ˣ˿Ҫ֡
ýϴɨðŮһһӡ
ԼѡϲӲѣԼѡʳóʳѵˣԳ
һеһжΪ޸顣ҲԸٺ»Ǯ̹˰飬еˣʲôأ
뵽Իԭ΢΢ļһһֱ
һӦе棬Ӧһϥģ
*
ݶݼʺ
Իݹ£ߵŰݴ
Իʺ棬ȵˣȻ˻֣š
Իվ֣ǣסԻʺ֣ߡ
ûʸġ
ȥһƬ
üԺĻݲݣü֮ĺǽߣüտ֮ɫüз衣
ɻЩʱˣסùߣԻʺסԻݵ֣Цݡ
ԻݻԻʺһ绪˶λҲĥ۽ǵ뷢ټĻδԻʺѾø˥ˡ
϶һ̬ǧĹâͳǡ
Ҳ©ƣ̬Ĺ⣬ȥ
ԻݵǸԻʺ꣬ԻʺҲǲ̣һᣬ
Իʺ״ȥôˣӣö˶˵ģʲô
ĸԻԻʺίҪ˵һͷԻʺĻ޵ݶòãû˵˶֪ŰĴȨŹĸȨƣ˸ȴû֪ⱳᡣռĸˣⷬˮˡĸһҵģ
ԻʺԻô˵Щͳܺ󹬵㸡ͷԻݿ޵ģԼ۽Ҳմ˼ᡣ
̾һԻݣЦǰܼȨֻ֮࣬ƹˣܹ⡣ⲻ˵ġ
⻰ûʼ˵ԻݾԻʺǰһӡ
Իʺ̬Ⱦͻ࣬ԭ˴Իڰööãз߷߲ƽԼжƹܺ󹬵Ȩڰĸᵽ˹
ˣɫãͿ֪洫Ҳܾš
Իݵ̫Ӱߣ鼴ٿҲȫȻŲܲˡԻʺţࡣ
úӣĸ֪ίˡԻʺḧԻݵı˵ΪŮӣλϣ˭ûܹίأ
ԻԻʺ־۾ǣĸ˵ǡǻݶˣĸܵίȻݶˣĸûԹ԰ݶһֱţǹĸġ
úӣԻʺҲԼᣬֻڰޣ뾹Ȼίúӣ˵˵ĸȻҲǸûõġɵҲǿ԰ġ
Իݵͷٿ޵ļ󣺡ĸ֪Ҹսգ͸һӡʱ򣬽ҹ˺ЩʱǸģίοңһܼȨҡ֪Ȩǰ¿ڹĸϸģǸм
Իݴ밲õһ˵˵˺ҶлԵһձڶվϢҶ꣬Ҫ尲
Ի˵ֿĸûǵˣԼˡЩ˶ʡ͵ĵƣƫ˽ܼҵȨҲ䡣ţֻҪлܼ֮Ȩȥˣһᣬ̫Ӹ߽Ҳǿеġĸһ̵ֱңҪֻϦĿҪųԶЩ尲ߣҾԶϱ۰ǹĸҲҪˡ
Ի˵۲Իʺı飬ԻʺһҶģŷſ˵ޱȣҪԵĸǰлǡ
˵գԻݱҪȥ£
л˵
Ҿͦд츳~дԾԾԵС֣bushi


210 䶨 
һ
Իʺæ, ֺֹһ䣡֪أ˵Ǹġ⿴Զϱ۰ʵΪպı·˶ѧҲ, ȴˡ˵ȻЩίɺôڰվ˽Ÿ
Իݵͷءĸ, Щʱ, ڰҲһЩ顣
ԻʺһڴԻݡ
ԻݿһΧˣԻʺǶȥ׼Űաݶϲʲô, Ƕ֪ģҪú˵强
Ƿȥ
ԻݴͳһֽݸԻʺ󣺡ǰЩʱҹܼ, ʰҪЩ´һ˸, У, նв
Իʺӹϵɨһ, Ǳϡ
ģǷûĹپ죬²ӡԻݵĸɻҪʵģ
Իʺ, , ЦﻹʲôҪ飬ʲôҪ鶼ȲȥտʲôҪĵ£
Ի, ʵ̫ձҪڹԺϺһЩʱ, ԺкЩ, һҪȥ̫չˡʣµı³ҪǮǲüһѡ󲻹Ǽҳ̵ЩС£Щڹĸǰѧ˲ٹܼҵ飬ǿ½ȻҲûӡ
Իʺͷתʵɣȥ㷿ȥڣ
Իһ£áĸ
ԻʺԻģЦˣµȻҪʰʼԶΪ˺ӣҲԳΪ
ԻݵͷСµΡ¡ѽĸͱ˰ɣ˵Իݱ
ˣԻʺ˵ţ۾ȴǷ⣬˺ˣӵ飬Ҳֲ˵죬ԼиǡҪ±˵ӣԼҸӳˣҲһӣ
Իݺߵصͷٽ
ԻʺԻ˵һЩеûġ
󵽵˵ԻʺԼڱڹУȨ
Ǻ޶ңԻʺ̾Ҳ̥ӣ˺ӡȨضŹң㿴ҹЩˣѾͷͱһɶˣ͸һϹһԹ﹬СһŲ֪
ԻԻʺ֪Իʺ˵Ǽ¡
ǸԻʺǰŻĺӣҼһ
ֻǸ̥ûȥˡʹҩȴҲûлӡ
Щ궫ۻڹ⸮ۡʱ򣬻ҹЩҽĸҽ˵һ̥ӣˡ˽²鿴ԼЩʱյĳʳõĶǷԼﺢζԼΪӡ
û˾ܵļƻôһ³
ɵû֤֤Իʺģ޶ԻʺԻʺ󲻶Ը鷳
һֱĻͩҪõл֧֣Ϊ̫ӣպʱΪӣѪһ˺ӡ
һͩŰ˼ȫͩϣЩԻʺˡ
Щһĸһ㻤ͩɳ԰Űͩ
ڹһ֣ıԻʺĹ֮Ȩ˻ʵҲһָл
ɻû
Իݳ˼ˣãŵĸҪҲѣɾͿԸԸݶһ£øԶһЩ
ԻʺԻһӡ
ԻȨȨǰĳġɹĸţаҪӣ
Իʺ΢Уƺ顣
ԻݵһĸףûһǲԼӵġҲһĸڳҵʵնż¡ǲı˹ĸ֮ȨǻϾǳܺ󹬣飬û־Ҳǽͷöһʱ˲ͷҲеġ
ԻʺϸϸƷԻݵĻ
Իֵ°Ϊǰһѡ̫Ӹ绹ҪһͿʼ鱱õ飬飬ΪЩ˼̸ڵҡ̫Ӹ粻ȥЩҴ壬ɰ²¡ΪбȨЩҴ岻ڰΡ
ԻʺֻǾؿԻݣ˵ȥ
ԻЦţĸһ£һеɫбȨڸĸﶫЩĳĻӣĸڹճի𣬲ܼԼĶӡԹй飿
ԻʺŻعζ˵˼ǣ죬ӳҵǳ飿
Իݵͷǵġ㰲²ᣬᣬҲҽڷλǳ顣ΪҲΪ˰£±ػô
Ȼ綼ҪǴкΰ취ֹԻʺü
ԻҡͷĸҪģҪΪҵˡΪĸ˳ҵϷͱúÿ̫ˡ
Իûм˵ԻʺѾԻݵ˼
ǵģ˺󹬵Ȩûаĸ֮Ȼ϶
ãһȻҪģպԼ
ں󹬣㶦
ʾôԺҲԼ顣˵黹ῴųĸ׵ķϣٶͱˣԻݶӳš
һʱ·硣
ɳ̫Ӳһ˳µĵϻʵۡݶҲԼĺӣ˵ϻ
ۻڴﶦʢ֮ڣٲûҪǸλʮʮꡣ
ʮʮ֮飬˭˵׼
ֻҪһ˿ϢĻᣬϢػͳ󹬡
Щ꣬ǻûռһ˿һıˡһкη
ҪԼӣշ
һǡôԻʺ⡣Ի֪ԻʺЩں󹬵ֶΣηԻʺַӡ˱Ļͷ
ԻʺȻԻ˵ЦﵽǶԻݸ߿һۡ
գֶֻ֪ŮºӲУ͵ټȴ˹ܼҵȨͱøӴϻıԶǡ
һˣһҪεԼ
ԻʺԻݣѾ⡣
źԻԻʺҪΪɣ׼빬
Իʺæ˺ЩŷСġ²ҩԼطϹװӸԻݣЩ治ĶûȥҲãҲգ˸߿һۡԼҵĹǲҲǶġ
Իݳϻ̳Ͽ֣ƴһԻʺһҪͣԻҲòš


211  
ǣշ
ԻʺڹԻݳ, Ի֮
Իϻظһѻʺʹ͵Ķ, ޱȵĺ³ԽԽ䡣
Իݱ𽥱ò, ߵһյȲ, ݸԻݣСôӹɫ
ԻеĲ, ûӣ壬ĵǸèʮ꣬Ҳи˰ɡΪιĸ㣿
岻Ի˵ʲôϻѾףʾѲȷŵһ, Իݿ˿, ס, ѹ˵С㲻Ҫģǻеѡ, 𣿻ʺۿžǲ¼С㣬СҲġ
Ի⻰һһεصڽ, , Ǽί̲ססš
ܿ޵÷, ΪڹѺ͵ʹ, ڹ, Ҵޡ
õʹ͵أ
ԻݿſűشЦ죬ԽЦԽģԽЦԽ۽ǵȴԽԽࡣ
*
ص˰ԻһǸׯŵİ΢΢ףڹ٣˰ѶᵽԺ
Ѿһˣ泳ӵԺʵ֣ôˣ
Ŷ룬Իݡ
ԻݣţǸմӹվȥſڣſӵĶôԺ
ԻݴŽ壬ӲȶĸʳС
ô𣿡ԻЦš
Իһᣬա
Խ棬˵Ự
Эһӣɡ
ԻȥһЦ˵ʺණǰŮ죬ҴǷһ֡˵ˡ
ذϵʳзϴ򿪣ÿһʳķݡ
СӶóһݣϡȻַһСݣ˼ֱߵİϡ
Щ㣬Ĭ
Իȴ˸߲ҵ˵ţⶼŷСģǹϲĶԺǻʺ͵ĽУϺõҩġ
޹ˣԻݣʵ
Իݶ˶٣촽΢ţҪ˵ĻһŻع͵ǰĸʹһ
ҡͷԣͿһϵ飬ڶˣ۾ҲúˣôǺͮͮģ
ԻݾڼĶ⻰֪ҪôԲֻܸɸɵ
˵ֵЩʵǻʺ͸һ˵İɣһˣԺҶлԡԳλǣҼʣҶãתֵǰ˵͸ġ
Ի΢ŵ촽ϡ
üô飬ôôͿ飿Իʺ͸ĶתǷˣ⻰ǴȥԻʺ֪´νʱ򣬾Ͳǿһµˡ㲻𣿡
Իݲ֪ʲô˼
ԺĶ㶼ûȥɣȻ͸ģ㲻Ҫ˻ʺ⡣
Ǻ⣿Իݳʵ
͵Сģڱţһ͸˵İɣ֮䣬лֱ˵ǣĨǡޣҶԼԼ£
Իż鸴ӡ
еĸַ˻ȥǸСڹͳϻ̳ϿֵԻʺ㶫ôҪ룬Իʺ䣬ԺŮ˶㣬ٲά衣ԽǱϥĶңǣԽԵͼıӦװɣ
ָһ·աԻվ࿪һֱӹ˵ϡ
ӷ壬ǼȻ촰˵ǱǺϵûеһ˵ˡ
Իݱ£ȻǸˣȻ֪ҷǷ˵ûȻԻʺϣڰѺԺŮ˶ѹȥ㰴ҪǡȥһͨΪڹúãŹԼ˵ôᣬԻʺùϣʲôʲô֪˿ľͺá
ҲҡԻѾԳˣȴûӼĻ硣
ԥԥ֪ӦøԻϵҩȥ䡣
һˣݿԻҲڣԵ˸
֣Щ͵ĸ㡣
ü߹ȥǰѸõǱţҧһڳ˳ȻĶ³Լһˮڣӵҩģĥ˷ڸøζסˡ
ӣԻһõɴ۾
ǳˣܻеҩŶⱲӶܻˡҩǵõġ
Ի͵վضǼ̸㣬ؿθڷڣһֶµĸо
Ȼ뵽еĻ
ʾȥҲ໰ֱӳӡ
ԻݣĸûŴⰲȥⶫ벻ԡ벻֣㶼֮УӲߡ
Իݾֵż
˿͵ĸ㣬ķǸպõģֻķݡǷˣԼͲܳˡǺǵԡҶļҹΪĸӣǺõġ·֮²Ҫļ˰˳⣿־أܾľֻлʺ󣬴ӴԺһͻԻʺڲ
ԻŻһ£Լס죬ַסӡ
˵ָԺ˳ԣǱԼߵŮˡպŮ˰³ţҲáûãȺԺȻҪԼҵȻԻʺεԻʺ㶴Ϥļı·Щ㣬һСڹ٣Ѷ˰ֻҪ˰ûдõĻᡪΧǻţܼңס
ЦţĸںԺϢ˼ʮˣƿ˵ı£治˵˵ѵġ
Ż
ԻҲ̲סзڵĶģŶڻ̳ϣ
µûڵأųԹĶȫ˳
һ͵ĸ㣬ԻʺԻĹߣҲѹԻݵһݡ
̫Իʺ֪̫ӣȴӲҪ޸ΪǵĶĿɱˣҪҪӣ߻ҪһԼңҪⱲӶԼңԼң
ԻѾ緹ȫˣɶ֮лֹסֻܿӻڳȵĽϣˮذԼθˮҲȫŻ˳
ϣԶԶԻݡ
һʮŮӣҪЩԺǵǺεȵĲпᰡ
ЩγΪһ£ԻݱҲԻʺ̫ӱκλˡ
ɣ⻹԰ء
ҪԻһ񡱣ĸԸΪá
֮վԻӣ⼸տҪһºԺˡһҽԳλȥܰɡ飬㱨ɡ
һۣȥϢգԼĹȥδ
Իݻ֪Ϊãصͷȫš
ҲҪ̫ģӻͷԻݣ¶Цݣǣշ𣿡


212  
ʢ
ʢ糯, ̲ţһЩ飬ҴҵŽ, ˹š
һ֦ҶïĴ, , ʢݳ
ʢݵĽӣվ, ժһƬҶ˼ڡڹŲԶĽֵϣװµˣ׷׵ͷĿؿʢݵĽӡ
ʢݽӸչЩ˱̯, , ʢݵĽһ·˹ȥ
ʢ½νһҳ, ˺һųȥϷ԰ӡ
ԼĪŲ, ʾ˸ȥţҪˡ
˸սȥʹӭһտɫĹӸ, , ˲ǹӸϷ԰ӣס˰
˹Ź, ߵʹ˸ɫ, Ǹˡ
˵, ȥ
ܾǸӸʢƣҲһȥ
ǹӸתֵĴ֣תƧС
ʱͣʾ˲ôǰˣһʹɫСֱӷ˷
˴ӷǸӸ硣
濴Ȼʢȥһ˴·ȥϷ԰ӻѣѺ˸ɾɻء
˷Ѿ˼Ҫ˶Ŀ֪Ҫȥҵʲôˡ
һֱݶʢ߹հ˹յһַСĽؿϣҿȷǰû˸ţſš
˺һᣬŵһںӡݣһû˯ѵı飬ŵ·ϣ·ץץԼĶӡ
ǿ֮󣬿ʢ˹ذʢԺӡ
΢Уߵ˵ȥҲϢһķ˭סŵġ
˵ˡ
ֶһ˷Ըȥݶ˵ʲô
ŵط˼ݶ˹ȥ
Ƕԭ۲Χ
ûһʢݴǸںӣҾǲںһҵӣʢͳš
ʢݳţҲˣͷߡ
ǲںӸһתͷ;òһ磬ǰһߡθĺˡ
ںŵõ͹ȥú
еذѹǺӵĲʵʢ
ںһʢݵģһҪ󺰳˭֪ѾЩֱһڲںӺ󾱣ڵء
ƣаڲˣŸʢͨ籨ţɼһĹϵѰӣ˲찡
ĸٵˣʱѭټۼ
۾˴ؼ
*
뵱ʱ򣬾ͿǹܻҪˡѺ˵
˼ѼΧһʼԺ֮լӴԺӣ˹ΧССլӣһʮദҰЩլӵ´ңլӸլӣԺӸԺӶܵ
ЩԺӣѼʵʵ
ҹЩլԺ棬Щլס
סģԶ̺ĺ
пƹпǹԱпĸԹҡ
Ķǿլӣ˶װ磬ס
ڼΧôݸ˾ס˵Ǿס˵Ϊ˱ʮദլ
ϢϢ鲼꣬ҲǶЩ̾˰æܷչ׳
˴˼Χĳһ
ϢϢ˵լӣʢһסˣ˳ƺó׷ٿ֮
ʢЩԨԴ
ЩʢڵϵʷʱǸطۣר鰸֮£ưʼߡ
£׵ˣкЩҺͷʢϧţļ촦˵˸취
ӻƣÿҪֻҪһƵİӣȻҲͲǻ
һʼͬ⣬Ӻȫڷʱʶʢھһֱʢ¡
ʢݴ൱ãطסǮͱʢݴ飬ϰӣ
ʢӣҺ
꿴ŲϢżЦʢ©һ̫⻹£ʢҲ֪ĶΪʲôԾʢһص뺮ֵ顣
óۣҲżǴǸСϢţֱӻ˰ְ˼
ȥʱ򣬸չʱ䡣
æʣùˣ
ЦЦһȥԡȻĶݸ˼
ӹǴŷ⣬򵥵ذѵĽ˼˵ѾѹסˣҪôʾ¡
ͷȥ÷աö⣬㡣
ȥ
ڱǶ˵ĶԻ˼
ʢСľУת˼ȦûҪ򿪵˼
ʵûҪѺţԼҲǿԲġ
ô˵ͷľУĶĸһ˻Ҫȥҡ˶İӣ֪졣
߷ü̫ˣʢЩ꣬ǸмġҪ߷Ŀ̫ˡ
ſڰϣСľУƺ취
ţѾϢһ󣬵ٵʱ򣬱ȥ·
ߵȥУ˵
Ӧһ
黻һȵװӺżáٿɵ̧ͷôˣ
˼㡭ҪҪȥУһȦȫʳˡ
ҡͷҽհߵ·Щ࣬ٹˡ
õĴǡܡǡ롱
ͷаһԼգҲܲԼȥ˲١
ô߷һϵĲϢϢϸϸضš
*
ΧĳһĵϣֽŶ˺üȦá۾ڲţһƬڡͶ˲һȦ
ڵĺܲʱţҲΧκ
ֻԼ
˶ֽŶϣŲӶ̶סˡ
мҸɵġ
һĻᡣ
ϣش˰죬ûӦֻܷһ㶼šΪ֪ץͲѹ
ץڴ֮ǰʵʢݵ飬ڶԷûŪµȥʱǲᶯġ
һ˻Σ֪ϵĺѾˡ
ҲżΪǺĶʢĶʢԼ֪飬Ѳץ֪
뵽侲ʢ̯ϴˡ


213  
ٵĹ
ͬǼΧĳһլ, ʢȪѾмʱˡ󴦵ѾƤĥѪģ
Ҷ˵Ϊһ˵ֱ۾ͻ, 󴦾ͻʹ
ѹʱΧһƬ谵, ֻյ谵, Զĵط˸ڰٻ¥רſٵġŰ˵ҡ
˸ʱЩ΢Ĺɨǽϵ, ˵졣
ʢȪŵһ¡
һеش󺰣˰˰ʢӡǵƷԱʢݣֻҪԸҳȥҸһؽл˰˰
ʢȪСʱ谵ûһӦҲûѾÿڸˡ
ʢҶ, аԵ, ʱܹίֻ۸˵, б˸۸ͷϵģ
ο԰һˣ
뵽ʢȪŭҲ˲ʲô, ֱƿڴٵĹȻʢүүıӵˣӡ֪ļҸȨƣҰңҸ, Ҹ, Ȼҵһҵ㣬ҵ, ǶԲ˶ߣʱ, , Ͳ˵ˣ
ʢȪصúܣɾûֻԼ
ʢȪһʱûһ㶯֪˶ãҲûٺˡΪƿڴѾĦѪģ
ŵĸ߶ǽżأվסҲ費ɽȫʹ󴦵ҪսѪ۵ץ
վãòŽż⣬ϣżѪģ
ʢȪҲûˣתίͷֱۣشſǻûĵĶ԰öүҸȥġ£ǳôÿӣǱ㲻Ӧӵڰ㰡㿴㾻ǲǱ֮ǰӺÿӸˣ㡭
仰û˵꣬֨ѽҵű˴ˡ
˴һɫĳͷ񣬴ݰף谵ĵƹ£һŮӣ
һһ̨ףϴһ˫ƤЬӣԡ
ʢȪˣЦ¹ˣ˶øӢˡ
ȸ˫£ʢȪɿĵطԼһˮӶʢȪ
˵գϵģļҵˣݵΪʢȪЦ
ȸȴǲ˰һŷȸߣһӣϡ
ȸϵĲӣʢȪʢӣԴӡ
ȸͰЩڲϢӲ飬һһضʢȪʢȪû뵽ԼЩ£ʡ̲飬£ȸȻ֪
֪ǱרѼģ֪
ʢȪȸЩ£ȴǴЦôϵ˻ı£ܰЩһһɣ
ȸϲӣЦţҲ˵ⷭģÿЩȺһһĭܰ˵˵ЩǿŮϱӼΣ
ʢȪһʼûףֱЩźɫͷס۾ĲںӱʱʢȪſȸʲô
Щ˱ס۾ȴûסֽţ˵Ըס۾ġ
ЩժͷǰʢȪһŭĿӡ
ȸվߵЩߣ㷢йǧǵãܽˡ˵ﱸ˰ܾ֮࣬Ҳأ
ǸңʢȪЩ˻ʱη塣
ȸϸµ°ͣԼֵģǽ̾ߣõģңҽãʢүˬ졣
.ӣЩǸңǸҡ
ʢȪһ˻𣬻һȺ˷ӵϡ
ȸվں澲ؿţ̿ˡɻ
*
٣ص󣬿żеľѾˡ
뵽ˣȥˮԡ
ͷ̧Цţ׶׳ʢˡ
鴹룬֪˵ʲô˼һóļƣֻҪǱھˣûһѵġ
鿿˹ȥԵĸܿܳ˰ɣ
ӣǡһ֣ʲôͻˡ
Իʺʱ򣬾һˣ𣿡ʡ
صֻҪǰԾĸͲһֱڳҵϣڳҵңǶȨ֮ߡ֮ϣȻԸ㣬Ǿ˵Ѿ¶˾Ҫҵһ֮ģʲôıǿǵžǡ
ӣˮˡ򶫼ͰˮľͰ
żһ˵
ŮƱһѺ֣ԻʺԻݡ̫˾е˾ڣ˼þ񣬿ɾǲϰ˵˼ʹһʹ
նţȴû˵һޡÿ˵ˣԼľ˯ˡϡϡϱشϣֻһ׷
ʢӣֻһβܽ
£̫ԵֺֻΪӶѡ
˰ˣ޷һҲԼܡ
ԼοԼһ㬵ȥ˾
Ƭ̵Ĺ澹Ȼưô꣬ס
ը죬·ͷһ㡣
ŵһ£Ҳһ紵֦紵ĴҡΡ
ɽҩæȥѴϣԹô˵¾
ðֱũأͣµúãճɾͲ䣬Цӯӯ˵
ѽѽˣˣûصһۡ
æס֣ббŷϹŵľȻ·ɻǺݺݵ˼һۡ
Ϊ˺䣬æҩ봵˼ڣࡣûа취ֻȥȡ
ã֮ǰ˵ˣǳŻڸϣ鶼չ˼ģ·Ѧʦ忪ҩţǰµʱöˣԼůԵʡ
ȥ֮⣬ӱȶʱҲࡣ
ŷµġ
ӾʱѾˡʪͷŵİɫ£»ûϵϣ¶Ͻ˶ļԼ̺ۡ
ŽߵߣȥĲӣڿʲôأ˲ⲻԻݹŵģ
ֻñһȣͷȥ˳ԡʱУˡ


214 ҹ 
׶׳𡣡
ˣɵضż
, æˣҪഩЩѡ
ûôͷʪ, ʲôҲʪˡ
īһĳһˮ, æȥÿԡ, ôͷɣ
˵ˣɿü, ģȤȥԡݸǰⶼǵͷԼɵġ
ӹԡ鼰ĳһһذţ, ɵ, Ҫʪһϡ
ͷ뼾ͷвͬ, ÿһڴֺڴֵģֱӲ
ͷ, һ˵ķˡ
ţüбżϵĶ۾ӡ𣬺ϼ⣬Դo顣ȴΪ谵, , ֿĸɾӻԾš, 籩, ʱ̶Ϯż
ÿһ
.ɫ, ֻ֮䣬񼣵ϡ
죬˶ͷֲɵû

Ȼͷٿ
۵ʧôԼ⸱ģˣ޷յ
ԼŮ»ˣ
ίȻȥ˫ֻͷļϣˣȻߡ
֣ͷûأһʪңҪ
һʵˣȥţ
һ֪ôԼĵĶסû˵Ļ档ƽ·»ʮʮӢô˵ܸصò¶ַâ
ģͺ԰Щ˹õֶΡÿȥܰԵ־ˡ
꣬ͷʪšҹЪŰɡ
ͷһ¾͸תˡ
棿
֪Ϊôˡ
ţǵһοϵӦǱ֮ǰһ˰ɣ
*
Сľл˼ңϵĺһͳһСذףһ
Ѻ۾סĺڲס͵ĲҲ
꣬ǸСľУ۾ֱض
ЦЦλúõĶҲʲôϡ⣬ǿƲҵˡ
겻ޱ顣
ʢңҵƲ˭ġһûʼأͱǸˡǺð
ü˵ֱף֪ĿģΪʢݡʢĶҲûθ߱ˣ
㵹ǻ顣˰Ȧ
һǸŮӣЦø仨һϣŮ
ԣ˵űеĺӶ˺ϣôĹΪʢݣδذ㵱ѡ
һ⻰ʹһģû֣ЦŮ˵Цˣһܸ͢ƷԱϹϵʢ˿СģСһڷԡ
ôҵģʢݾͶһڷأ촽΢䣬óµЦ
첻ԡ
ʮǰ޶ûҪƾҵ֣Ϊ޶𣿡
ü
İЦˣΰʲô˿ûУ
ԽԽࡣ
ʲôûɣ⵽󣬸ȥôôɵ鰡޶̯ǰպһӳ¯ۣܣӡôôأǰʢҪݣư޶ڷ
ⶼܲ⣡һǣ
䣿˰ȦӺƵҶЩĻʢݲ˶ٴҪͿɶڼʢݵϣһ·̲λáҲᣬȴȻסСŴֲ赭ʢܵһУ޶ģȻ˵ȦˣҲū𣿡
㣡ףӱϣǶڵϵģûа취һ˿һֻܿ껺ƿ
ô벻𣿡걧֣ںǰ֪ʢƲΪ˺𣿡
ԡ
ΪӡʢݵĶˣ˰ȥķӱ̲ʢȪ˲£ЩССʮҪĹ˾ʢ۵ĹŲóƲһ֮·
ʢʱֵֻ̿ģб㲻Ծ˼֡
ǰȥһذף˺еӣȻһСӣ
Ǹĺ֣Щ¼飬ȥһ֪١š㵱ԸʢưʱʢȰοĻһЦ
ͷȥеĲӣصĶʢȪЩɵɥĲ顣
Ĺǰʢݶ˵Ļһ𣬲¼񣬻һʢ¡ڵһ죬һǸλϣԩ֮Թ
ʱڵʢݾ˵ʣĸԸسΪӰӡ
ƽӺݵġƹʮɱ˰һ··ͨ˱λá
ڣʢݵĶӣȴڸʹ顪Ůа
ʢݵʢ£ǻԩ֮˹
лԼʢȪĶǰײ÷顣
ң֪ǲԭʢˡ
ȥʱ򣬰Ѳ߷Ĺؼǰ˵һ顪
ϲѰ࣬ǱǼ𡣿ɥɥ㣬䡣
ʢݱǶϰܰһһġ
ⲻûлɹ
ֻҪʢģеļᶨͻ˲̸ͺ̸öࡣ
ʢȪ飬ʮа˾ʢݶ֪ε֪Ǻ֪Լˣ˽˽ԼĶӸɾа֮£ȻʢƲ
ûʢݾͲߵ죬ͲǸλãʢȪͲ޼ɵô޹֮ɥ
ϢϢдʢݶԺ˵Щ֮󣬾Щߴ꣬˵ʢһô֮ˡ
ʢںԽɾʢȪ֮£Խ
ֱıˣһһĹԼϣӶӻЩʢݶãΪ޶ĻΡ
ɶҪģҪǣһҪ˺Ҫȥʢݶš
֮󣬺ͿΪϢˡ
*
ס˺۾ͻסĵط
˺һˣ۵ĺڲŷԼʱ·̣ߡͼҵԼҡ
ʱʻٶȻ˲ߵĵطȻһͬ


215  
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һʱҲ, ԼǴĴǼǴ˲
ܰôܼǴأյĴֲࡣ
ſ, źںͬתתץذ˼⣬̲סЦ
ϻ, ӵʱ򼸴լӵ¸˳˿յ, ɢף, û
ʻǴӵб˺üլӣб޵ļͲײլӺţҲ˳ʯ建¡
⺮鵽⴦Ժ, ԺҲ벻Լ, żء˲, Ҳһȥˡ
δֹ£Ҳûȥ׷ˡ
Ҫ, Ҫȥʢݶšֲʢ߳ŭѹڸ
տʢѰʧ룬ͱ¨ӡƲ̫, ͨϢ
һ·߻ȥ, һ·׽ʢ֮ǰû£绹ǲһƲ, ˭ġʢݷ, ûŵĵطˡ
ɽ, ȥʲô֪ͨ죬ƲҲܸȤȴֻ˵ˣҲ֪Ʋ˭ġ
ֻҪܲ鵽ƲײʲôϢ˽ףһǮԶ߸߷ɡ
⣬ֿʼľװĶ
*
괺ǿʼĵһ죬Сꡣľ䣬ɡʵʵڹԺſŶӣܼ顣
ϳӹԺſڹ
һߣСֹ½ôˣ
㲻ֵҹ֪Ъġ
壡ס죬ʶؿ͸ĳܿü鿿ڳϣĿ
ѹһ˷ܵԲˣҹö󶯾ǵ½ﲻˣ
͵ЦǾǣ
ϳһһЦֹ֪û˵û
Ͱһֱʯͷһһ˼࣡
һ㿪٣ûţ
˳֣һ
ͣ˶
ϼڻȷʵûô˯ɫ.նղһ϶벻סصػһ·ϲ
һ߲һߺϼƣǲԼ˼û򵽾衣
Ѳɣ߻бÿӣ
ܹ
ڳ㣬һһšǼģǾԼΪϸȥȸȡȡǡ
ţˡ
ϳԵ֮Ƕһһȵļش䡣
ũÿڼ䣬˳ͷԡ
ȥ꣬߾дѩѹ֡µĳǳأֲ˶ȥһ긳˰磬ũټϱŮͨڱѾоЩٴ룬ĵֵİգͶֻԼԭɻĳɻ飬Ŀӿȥܹˡ
ɶ֣졣
شɻʺ֣ʺ
شǺӻҲǶÿһҪĵڴ֮ĳ֮ʱС
⻰һȴǱصͷʾȷʵһ¡
ʺڻȥڣͳ󹬵ȨҲϡ֮ܺȨײǻʺ󣬲ܴʺʹȨ
£ЩѡϾʺ֮ȨȥڵǶۡ
Ҫһ˸̨¡
Ҷһˣ˶Ϊѵĵطһǰ£΢Ϊ»Ҫʺִ֡ʺ󱻷ҲȥˡĴҲˡش䣬ãշ˶ɵ
̫һһɶҪʺּش䣬Ҳ׷׸飬ʾС
һΪѵӣ˼룬˿ڣӦ˻ʺÿȥڡ
˳֮󣬶ȥ˻˵¡
֪󹬵Ȩʹ˶ãڼش֮ǰʺôҲܶɽ۴ȥʺҲŲæ
λϣԻʺҲˣ֪áµ׵ļش䵽Ҫʺ֡
Цţǡ˵ʺﵽһ֮ĸӦõġ
Իʺ󣺡Ȼȥ𷣣һʡ١󹬵Ȩǽ㣬ǻҲҪЭš
ԻʺͷӦУǡԴϴι֮󣬳շʡ֪ﲻˡձ¿檱ضģҲǰֻǡ
Իʺ˵⻰ʱһۻЦŨϴΣãΡش䣬ǳһ롣ţڳҵΪȻЩ׷ӸһЩǱܿóϯμش볼һ𹩷ʱڣػҳũһʸ
Իʺ⻰ʵһ
ԻʺһҲһ
Իʺ΢ЦػãᷴڹкôɣһʴȣлΪΪԸҲһٸԸģ
ȴǵЦݣǣ檾áڳҵ꣬һǸ󱻰գ
ԻʺãŻȻ£⣬ȥɡ
Իʺվ׵ǣ
۽£ûжȥӡ
ԻʺĿͶ뿪һЦ
ʺҪ᣿
Իʺֻûѡ
Ϊӳҵͻ㣿䡣
ԻʺЦңҲ㡣͹ˡ
üЭǲ㵱һ졣ҷȰһΪ֮ڽһЩ֮ء
ԻʺͷԼ䣬Ųæ̧ͷԼĵţҶô꣬һռϷ磿ƣֺīʮǰһأѲɣʮܷ
촽ʮӶʮܸơ
˵⻰ԹԵ񣺡һȥˡʺ
ԻʺŻ뿪ıӰЦʧ
Ȼ֪һ練̬ȣʲôԵɣ֪ƹ֮ܺʲôȻ仯
ǰĻӲͬ˵
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شǰԻʺƣϯشƷϵҪϯġ
Իʺдʱ򣬱ʷ˶٣˼ȻԺ棬»
»еĻƣڵ﻽ң
Իʺȥ񸮹´ࡣ
»˸ȥ񸮹µĽࡣ


216 λ 
ϲ
ڹ浱, Ȼ֪ԻʺѾһ𷣣ָ˹󹬵ȨԻʺߵŮڵЦţʲô»ﴵˣ, Щûģû»ȥźһյЩӣ
»񸮵, Ц, ҲԲġȥ˵ỰҪۡ
»Ļ, ܸʺǿūĸ˵űһƣȥ
»ͷԹԵǰ档
ں棬һСڹ١
ڻȨڼ䣬ܻ˵ĵطȫһ, Ϊĸ, ͷһŮ, ڹҪλϼǻˡ
಻ͬλ, ǻȨǻʺȨһٸ⡣
йϵ
ȻǸˣ˭ڳк󹬵ơǲǱȨΪ״ˡ
һʲĲ, СҪ񸮵֡
಻ǲ̰, ̰úԭ
ǲ²ˣǰκһпƿ˵ˡ
Щ, Ȼ, ǽδ¡Ϊ֪, һԼˣһǲǵġڹóãͱЩء
λȨôڹٹŮΨǻûжͷˡ
ǻһֱڳҵҲһֱչмӡÿ궬գ඼ȥޱ¡̿ýгҵù
ֻ֪Ҫ黹ţͱضҲضӳҵ
Իʺ͸ϸ˵ˣһֱǹعšԻʺʧƣ̫ڣ侮ʯ˸ڽ̷ţҲ롣
ĴţϥվŴ
ūʺ밲ϲصƿ˴
Իʺ֣˵ա衣
лԻʺ֮󣬱
ԻʺԺ¶꣬Ӧ֪ܴӸȨԭ򡣡
ͷشǰû˿ʤΡ
ˣֹ飬պһҪ齻Իʺһ㣬ƷƷ˵Щ꣬ԼǮһվ͸ҵ̿𣿡
⻰е˼վ£ϻ̳ϿֵʺūǸõģ¡һȴǾǡ֪ͼūսʱܹ̫շʡһٰӣūһֱжԻرڼʹЩӣùЩʵЩ깬Ƕūչмӣū⹬ףѩ̿ѡūӼū̼֮ȴ̼֮ܵˣøλжūӣЩ
ԻʺŽ࣬˻ô˵ģҲȷʵôġ
ǻ䣬ܹܴδΪЩ¶κһƴˡ
ҲΪʲôôˣԭ
ɣԻʺЦţҲûʲôһµķ֪ĲһƽڹԭҲûʲô
л¡վ
Ȼշ㣬ȥɡԻʺŽ࣬ش䣬Ϊ꣬Ҫʹݲ룬׼˾ȥҵȥߣ½Ľ㡣µ׻ǻȥµʳסаáҵôܸ꣬òһЩ˸ʹ
ͷš
Իʺ޽ǣЩ£㶼˵ģ̱ȥɡ𣬳ҵĽǽˡұּ֮ܲ
ǷͷӦǣūȥ׼ǻʺûʲôԸūˡ
Իʺڰ֣°ɡ
񣬱ĬĬ˳ȥ񸮣˼ѵĹŮڹ٣񸮶ڹٰӡƿֻľƺƵҵȥ
ùÿŵʱ򣬻ơ
˽⣬ϲ⣬ѽ˽ȥ
ϣĿ顣ĶҲûжֻǼľꡣ
Ž⣬ЩǸ˵ͽһᣬξܿˡҸһյիߺȱߵȣ
֣մӻʺȹһ²£ڳҵæ
ͷڹٹŮĶһζŽ˳ҵ
ⶼװõģľˡ
꾭棬룬
ū밲ˣվһ
࣬ȻһЦ·ɫȻţö񡣡
ི⡣
һֱǵЦݹϣһԲš
ū︴λһȻվʺ԰ū˵Ϣū͸ϲڷҲҪʱ䡣ϣ˳ߴ磬źȥ
ʹˡ
ֵЩ괩ɮۣϲصĶūйѡ˼ɾţйֵ˴ѡ
ЩһֱչųҵšŽࡣ
һ⻰ҡͷĪ˵ɷūĻˡ̫ǺεǰԪڣ״Ԫǰ޹˺ߡ̫ūǸˣūʶū̫ŰѸǧҪ˵ֻˡͺãǻбʲôҪģɺù񸮷Ըһūض쵽
̫һǸ֮ˣϲ׵ƽڹݣֻҪڹԸԸ㾡ȫָλڹٶʶ֡
ǰֻԼĸڹʶһλڷܺѧڹ٣׿ڹٴϻۣȴ֪ѧڹ˭
Լ˵֪ڹپȻǽࡣ
ԨԴȻԽ˼Ρ
ţԸ̵ˣϻѧʶҷһ߲˵Ʒ϶ŵĹϾĸһֱǵʦ˽˻Ǻ׼ġ
Ȼ룬뽪ҵһ仰˵Ѿ˽˰ɡ
ͷˣôϲһҪ֪ͨ£Գһˡ
˵ʹҴ뿪Ƴȥˡ
վڳҵŶǰڹ빬ŮɨװΣʻĹþò
ѾǲãϴԺӱòԴΣٻ޵Ĵʲôˡ
Ժй٣йįй䣬й˳ݣҲй򻨡
ǰһУжҪ顣ʱǨĿǸ˵ı仯֮󣬾;һõﶼһ˲ˡ
һеĹǰúϻλõɫһеλãЩû
ⳡԸֱ涷δ¹
ӽԺҪʼЩ󹬵ŮһΪԼĶӣΪԼǰ̣ΪԸȴֲòȥȥıˡ
ĸ֮ǰҪӱģҪ沨
ȥʮҲΪԼڶ۱ӻһֱӱģǵһµĥʯһһĥƽĵڴ붫۵ĳ֮ġ
Ǳۡ
ﻨã԰ٻźÿýءһ˷ܵ˵·԰һһ
ȴۿķ૵ػصǧպãްպ졣ʱƣһա
л˵
һ£¾
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217 Ǹ 
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˳ҵ, ȥǰĹڱֵصĽɷ뿪˹
õû뿪ġش֮, ſڵĽæͨһ
ڹԼİ칫ǰطġϢſڵĽ˵ܹܽ, ֻ΢һ, еӣȥ
һ, ͬ޵ݣ˶һһ۾ϳġ
࿴һ
ûм࣬Ϊ뿪ʳ֮ǰܹܲ
һ۽࣬ʵ£
࿴˿ΧĽ΢΢Ƿ, һŹݺ, һĵЦصµĻ, ϹĽѾ񸮣ﰴݶмƥӵġūղȥ, ˵Լòô࣬ūʰ£֪ϲЩӡϲūϤ͵
Žһ¹, ֻս, ףȴǲɫظһ˿Ц⣺µһȥ, ȥĸػա
֪ѾеĿ, Ҳٶ, һǣ黹࣬벻ūûķԸūȸˡ
ߡ򦡣
˳˹뿪
ߣߵſڵʱ򣬿
ǻүүյСһڹﳤ󣬶Թһбʶ
վ߹׵˵
յ࣬ȥ£ź󹬶ʲôǴȥֻʱǣ֪֪ʲô
ͷȭһ
һ£һ£ϣżȥ
˻˱
صǰ£۾سһľþòƽ
Ǹˣ¹˶ӣʲôõùƷѾ˽㣬λ
ǸλûʸܹƷġ
ֻǣû뵽Ȼڳ֮⣬ڹĸ˷
鿿αϣŹĹԱһˣĵطľ˲ѾͻˡֻǸʼ滹½и˱͵
ҪѾȫû˼еӡȵ֪һ֣ôɵġ
ڰǰϢ
ûãʹվãޱظһŹæýŲŵصĹԱȥ޴ߵСڹٴһ£Сڹٲ˵ڹϢʱ򣬸˵ġ˵ǽձ³Ժȥ˻ʺˡ˻ʺУûʺ׼µ׵ļʽ
ϸｲŷ飬æµĹԱֻЩ˷·𶼱ϵӣƶ
ֻ֣һʣµģǱߵġ
һ塣
׼ԻʺĹʧƣڼش֮ϻḴơ
˺֮ȨȻѺλ˶ԼˣԻʺԮ
Իʺʧֵ֮䣬ûʲôȻܺ󹬴ȨʵԻʺκ󹬹Ȩ֮Ѿƽƽˡ
̫ǰŰãµòױѹ
Իʺں󹬵òûѹ򲻿ٸĸӷĻᡣ
Ȼڼش䲻òԻʺȨΪԻʺں󹬵ȨȴȻûЭԻʺԻʺһ졣
׼Իʺʧ֮󣬺о棬׼˵˼
ֻһѵľ֮£ԻʺŻᶯ£˼
ֻԻʺ˼⻹ܹһ֡ΪԻʺȻ£˼ȴû뵽Լʲôô
Իʺ¶£λģԻݵ빬
ԭˣ΢С
һʼԻưȨΪһԻ빬Ȱ˵
ԻʺǸɵˣȻԻ͵ߣȴҲԻݶ˼Իƹܼ֮Ȩ֮һٶ̽Իݡ
ԻǸˣСڻʺ߳󣬿Իʺ˼͸˽Իʺˣ֪ԻʺһΪڰƣʹӣڽʱȿһӣ߿
ĻǼٵģԻʺԻݻƿ֮С
ԻʺڹȥͼɵִͶӵҩͼǿԻݵĿơ
ԻݽԻʺУԻڰðʶԻʺСԻֱӶԻʺ󡢶Լҡ̫ġ
ԻԻʺŻ˼ŻĵһҪʾá
ʾãĸԸĽأ
ǾȰ˵ԻʺĽ㡣
ԻݴһʼͶԻʺĴ٣һָԼԻʺǰ飬ֻĺȰ˵Իʺֻպʾõһ롣
룬õϣòϡ
ҪһԻôġ
ʵԻʺҲ֪λǳ飬ֻûװλĺôԻȻҲû뵽ĺôϻۣ֪ԻʺĵȰ˵Իʺ
£ԻʺȥôҲǻȥ˳ˮûˣԼȥ
һǳ˵Իʺľġ
ĸʣۣİĽδ˥ֻǵʱƣȲڳҵҡ
ǼһʼͿ͸ʵȻΪβͳȥڴ±ߵǬֳң
ţֻҪ˸һڣͲðų
Ҫıһ֣ҪԻʺ󡢻ۡԻݡ̫˵˼
ļ֮ϾѾڲľ֡
һ衣
ԻʺʧƣһǻȨ
Ļ̸ͩͶжпܿͩķϣԼȨڼһų
ǼҲ뵽Ͳʲô࣬ΪͩϵѪԵϵնϵẦʧȥͩϣһӶڳҵ
Ȼǵ˺ܾãûҪų˼
ǵڶֿܾͳˣǾԻȰ˵Իʺڼش֮ϣĽ
뵽ƺ뵽ʲôϸڣͫһ
ԣ衣
ʵ˵׼ģ
Ǹ׼ﱡ
Żգȥ︮ﱡϲ
һеְӳҵнȳķҪڹ߷ʵ֡Żʱ˵ҪҵҪһ˵İæ
ˣ˽⼾ĳǸ


218  
вң
ȥʲôݺ, ֻһЩ飬ԼԼߵҪߵλȥ
һ, ǰšһ, ϡ
̶Ǹ, ˡӣͿʼ㿪ʼһλϡ
˶ԼϵõԼҪľ档
Ҫƺ̫, Ҫ˳ķų
ԻʺҪλ£
ҪȨԻʺںһľ档
ԻҪҪԼҡ
˵ϽһƬƴõľ档
̫ΪԼĲ¼ɣʹʧѣѵľء
, ΪԼ, 塣
һ˶, ˼·, һһؽ֮
ʵĺֹˣ
ǰЩ죬Ķ, ʢ뺮ˡʱ, Ѿ̫ʦġ
ѾΧ룬ʱ˿, ̶ʣµľŸ, Ĺ, Ͷѡ
Щϵˣ֮ڡ
󣬻һ˫Ӻڰ֣һä壡
˫ڰе֣սɱĴɱǴɱҵ˶ߡ
裬ʮ滷š
Ǻǡ
뵽̲סЦ
ԭ·ѹҪϢ޾ϸظ㱨ҪոϢ֪ԼһҪŵһš
һʦӸߴ֣ԼһһŵĵϣĽ֡
һ屦ļ̳˱徽ֶŮӵϸ塣
Щ꣬ĺƷϣƿȫ֣ľ˵˼Ǹ
Ϧ£ʱȻԱں˲鱱õĲӡȻɫбӴķ϶룬ӰӶб
鿿ϣ顣
бƵϣüڵ⡣
ãվȥ
*
ʢݣѾòĲá鲼˰Σϳ鲼ӦһС
ҪУҪȷء
廨ţڶ࣬רģû취֮Ĳȥҳׯóׯƹһϡ
һҪҴׯƹΪׯƹʶ㣬һ۾ܿе
ڶһ磬ȥׯһ䣬ûƵĳС
ѾϽһܲƬ˸
·׼ϴϢ
ȻԺﴫߵŵ
ߵŽ༱
ԣ˺ż
𾯾شӴвź⡣ɫȥš
վһʢݡ
ʢ˽
ʢݻûݾ͵ʵôʲôûУ
ʢݾǸŮ˵顣
ʶҡҡͷ
ʢݼҡͷ֮ɫһ㶼û鵽
ӻͳǸСľУϣС
ʢݿһľУּźһû˵ŷ⻰˵ˡ
ȻأʢϽŭɫһĹͲĶǳУ
ʢŭͷɫԽԽǲˡ
ԹԵ£ϵĲ룬ֻ˵Ҳ飬Ҳû˵ʲôʱ
һ赽ʢǰһȲ˰ϣһֻ첲ķľһֶֻһ裬͵Լߡ
ʢݼɢģƸû·ϣŭգǰһӺ裬ڵϣⶼʲôʱˣ㻹ôУ飡
˲ҲգĺѿһЦ۾ʢݣˣ˭°
ʢӺףӰֵ죬ֻܵ鰸㶼̬ȣôôࣿ
֣ӰѷƸʢݵĲ˹𣬰ѲĲ赹ԼУŵҲ£˭ģ𣿡
Щ鰸ʲô𣿡ʢü
²ЦȻˡǼ˵飬Ͳܴĵȥ顣Ŀİӣһײ鷨δֻǴҴҽһˡұľĶãȻǲö
ʢûһػ
ͷʢݣУǸ˼òҿųҲǽϾܿġⶫһǣһҪˡһʲôۣʲô˻ⶫ˭ģֻܴԼˡ
˵վʢݣܲ鵽Ͳˡ
⻰вͼԣڱʢݰµȥ˵Ҫʢ֤ʶʢݣǸŮ˵ǰ㰹ࡣ
٣ҪʢǰΪԼһ䣬˵һ䱻ΡǵŵĽڣԡ
ʢɫ˲ͱвң
ҡҪ˵ʲôͱʢݴֱشϡ
ָźŭɫڵ˭ӣסҵġҵġҵġǺӹˣѧо֮ͽЩĵвǰɣûǮȾˣûǮȥķˣͿ¹شԲ˵ⷬǣףҪĲӰɣ
ķ·˺ı˴ͷŶʢϯһ
Ϊʮ꣬ưΪһ
Ϊǿ԰ѾԻµѡڣ֪ʢֻǰһȦڼңõʱһޣõʱ֮ġ
ǸŮ˵һ㣬ʢݴһʼͿ֪԰ƽƣһֱ
ѹ֣ôЩˣԽ飬ҲûиһȹһξƣԹһηϴʢϥ֪Ƕ֮ǰˡ
ʢûвкɫ𣬴ӻͳһƱֱˤϣŭʵ
ɨһϵһ̤ƱһһƱ˵мʮšǧӣо˵ǼӵĻ
ʢݲһƷ٣һٺ»ʹͺҲ¡
⼸ǧǴԶ
ǰʢţٻЩΡÿʢݸѣö١ǺȾƻǶĲٳԼʡԼôġҲûжʢҪǮͷ
ʢݱƵĹǽҲϸʵ顣
֮ǰǸŮ˵Ļں޷Ŵ
ôôɵ飿ʢǰȰư޶ڷ
֪ΪʲôҪƲΪ˾ĶӣΪ˾Լ
ʢݼһɫϺȻһսô


219  
򻹲ʱ򡣡
ĿϵĺƱ, òԡ
İĺʢݾİ·ǰˣδʶ
ܲ
Ȼ֮һ, һǮۿְϵƱһץ, һ, ԼĻ
ʢݼƱﰵһ, ҲŻࣺ¾졣
Ȼ˦ȥ
׷Цһһ
ʢųԺӣϵЦ˲ʧȡ֮ģޱߵʧ
𣿡һŮӺ
ûлͷ, Ҳҵǣŵ, Ƕ٣
ź𣺡㲻
ЦҲҲ, ΪҪǣʢݲһǱ
껺ʢһǸ֣ѵûеǸȥıһ·, ûϸⶫܵʢ°ٿ˵ǲ鵽ˣһ, ù𣿡
üšһ
, Լסôܱס㣿ϵ߷, ޺촽, ֳһֹЦ, ȻٶӣҲҪ𣿡
Ϊʲôѡңꡣ
ѡ㣬¸պϡǹӾǸţôˣϧˡʵ˵ǲϢû㶼޷ֻҪǿƲһԲ˵бҪ£Ϣ޴Ӳ𡣡
ϢǲϢˣͫһȻ֪Ϣġ
аԴģǲϢҪһȷʵ練ơǰ²ҪҪǣϢҪ顣
Щ꣬ϢڽеԽԽȻֻϢǺ֪ϢǰһӴϢ
ϸŮ֮ǰ渵Ƕ飬Ȼϸڶһ˿
ʮǰһ׮ɰǲϢϢôô޾ϸ˲ҵµǰݵʲôϢǲϢҲأ
ɫԸ⣬ǩϢպϢϢΪáͬϢÿһ񣬲ϢҲḶһʷǳĳ𡣡
̧
ӳ˵ӻͳһֽݸ𣬡Υɱ֮֮
һ⣬һһеؿ
Ϣ󿪳ǳףᰴѶȷš
ԣ˲ϢˣǰѲϢκϢ˽óȥ˲ԤĺϢһйܵ˽׷
Ϣӽڣڱá
һгԵҲ˵ڲϢв̾ˡ
ƹӣ֪ǰԷ顣
ڵʢǹǽסԼס
ûбҪʢǰһ˺һ׵ˮȥ
ϢȻţûĲϢʲôܼŮġӡҲǩ
Ҫǡӡ̧
˼Ƭ̣áϢɡ
˵꣬ԭʧˡ
а̾ṦŮڲϢ˼֡
*
վڼǰ΢΢ס
ſڴŲŶ롣
վһߡ
ǰǰӣ꿴ڻ㱨飬˵Ϣ飬ȳȥһ᣿
ҡͷû¡
ݣţȥ˾
Ŀ˵ȻңͰһʱ䣬þ졣˵µ󲻵á͡ϣȥŻ˻ڼֵ𣿡
ͷǣڼ档
ȻôסǾ˳һǣʩӵѹ̧ȥŰѣңӼȥһĻᡣ
ǡ˵ȥš
黻һҹĽһɫɴ£ӾƵߣĸˡ
һ֪ˡ
ֵлл㡣
̧ôնô
תӣԼǰԼ֪ıһ˲ٳﻮֻΪҵһ仰
ǴһʼԼõ顣˵Ѵﻮ
ȥǣ֣Ѵأ˵һ˵𣿡
âϣԸԲµķʽȥ
ϸˣʹԸΪһС
Ҽǲ˵𣬡Ҳ𣿡
ҵ飬˵顣ǸϺ꣬һ鲼Ϲġ
ܲҪ˲֪
Ĳ㣬ңü
飬һΪʲôһҪ׿ڸ˭
ǴΡҲһô֮ζûС
ǡü۾Ҳûοԡͬˡ
ѵߣΪ·㣿
ʵûдԼĿġ
ͲңΪȥ
еĺޣûʧֻǱǶס˶ѡ
ס֣Ծؼ޲ھʹȥרΪǶĵط
һһ£Ҫöټ
ļһ£Ҫ£أ
֮ŵһѪ
Ѫ˵޼ҿɹ顣
ЩɵģΪȴҪ
ҪһšŬҪִ
ͨ죬۽ȾһƬ⣺ӦңŽܵġ
ʱ򡭡
ʲôʱʱ򣿣һŭŵüһ¡
ûм飬ݵɢѪĹԣͷ벱ϵԤʾ
һֻǣ˫ҧסҪķŭ
ʹҪ˫ִκϵ̫޷ֻܿ⣺֡
űƿִһִ֮롣
Ҳ˽Ѿν׷״γ
ֲĿһˣ
ĿѾɱŭײ궯ϵ򣬾ȻҲ޷˵ӰӶյҡ
˭ȶ֣˭Ҳҷɾ衣
˫ţûһҪò
Ȼ֣ͷҲصس
ּ֣Ҳ˽
Ҳ˽ȥ׷顣


220 ٴ 
򼾹ӣ
һ·У, ǣĺƱȥһ˦, ˻һ˳ȥ
Ҳ, ׷˳ȥ
ļûлع, ֪ʢŭΪ˫Ѿյͨ졣
ɲ֪Ϊʲô, û취̹ϵؽ飬һСһʶֹ
üżذŲӣ˫ֱ˫ȣ
ʼնһء
ôŬҪıԼ, ʼ޷Խһبеǵ
ͬ˵, ϻؼĵط, ΪԼǹأΪĳԭ, ԼԼ
*
ȥϵ·ϣųһСװ翿ڳϣ޾ɵԼ˫һ˫ӡӡ
֪ʲô
ʵͲµ, ֻҪԿȷϡ˿, ض޲Ӧʵ, Ϊĸס̫
ϲ, ϲ, ǼɫҲһ飬һİĽ
֮ǰͼˣҲڻʹ칦ϣҲսϡֻǲ˶ѡ
ϲ
ȫȫһ
ܰƬ
Լ粻֮أܰԼȳ
Ĳһʱ嶯»ܵŵԡãʱסһӡ
ôΨһһΣƣġޱҪȥһˡ
ǶҩնߣһϮ񫣬Ȼ޷ȥ֪ǹôģҲ֮¡
ˡ
ӣɫãҪȻͻʱա
ҡҡͷû¡ô궼ôġ
֪ȰȰҲ廹ûõ¾ͻصһǸ໰ˣżȥͣ
ǰµĲϪһμ࣬ľҴ
ϪܵɴѾϵ΢ɴβڵƹӳںϣӿӰ´¡
˴ÿɴ̧һ˲ʶˣ
֪һϮѾһѱĽ
ʱԼʱҪ࣬ΪҪ໥ݣҪװ硣
£˿û⻭ղͬЩ绨Ůǣնʵʵڻ֮ڡš
ſЩŮӲԼԸģǱ˰
࣬ÿ߶վһˣ϶˽ȫסˡ
ӣ
һЦӼҶ롣
֪˭Щ죬С̽ʵ£
ֿǰ˲ӣ¶ӣü԰
һµȣȻװġ
ô˵ôװأֿ˶ԼҸµĹչ֣ûζѡȲֲ̱ܶˡ
΢΢Ŀֿת򰶱ߣСӳɣҪ͵Ϯˡ翷ٿ죬Ҳ첻ѽǳºú˵ɺã
ִӰϹľһԾ𣬴һϮƮƮȻڻϡ
ֿ䱸֣ЮּתЦСӣһģ
ü֡
ֻǿһֿжɱ˽һ˻
ֶֿԾжϣûóȻ֣Ϊ֪Ըʯһ԰ѼϾ
ϾûֵزҪ˵Щʲô
ʹ˶ɿڣźʻȥ
ںĹߣһĻðûȻعʱ򣬻ѾӲӻ֮УҲӰ
ͷ˳˳ͷġ
ͷŻع񣺡⡭еˣ¸ʲôϵУȻȥǶǵ
*
Ϫڣһ˶ڰǰ˽ѹŲ˵ֻǴɨһ£ҲУ֪⻭иֵġ
ֿŽյߣӰϷĶȡǲź˵ӲԼȡҲ޷ܸΪЧ͡
ߵȣüһ
ֿ֪һκͨŮ֮£鶿Ǹӡӣĸ
ͳոڲϢĿ֮½֪ȻԼΪʲôһȴҪƴ׬Ǯԭ
ǰһ㶼Լʵ
Ȳչָ
죬䣬ֱȡһɵСװС롣ִȡЯңѥذҲ˳ϡ
ְԼ£һ飬ʾѣʲôûˡ
մ·ǰͯС˴ĵ£ϻصûжһĿȻ
ֿżϷĶһһĽɵզࣺǹԨĴˣôɵ⣬ңҲǵһμ
ֿһһĺˣֱӰԼǰȫΡ
һ˵ȣȫ˵ϡ
Ͻһߵߣˡ
ȻѼֱ󣬴󵽽ŲӶ˸һ˿һĻ
ȫ̶ڶ棬һС
꼾ֱȭһ񣺡Сӣ¡
һۣٿ
ֿʵʵˣҲ˽¹ȣ˼ߡ
ֿңҾôһɣ
ֿԼ˳һҩƿǰȲ裬ƿҩ˽ȥ
ɫĩ
ԶԶţŲζֿ֪ʲôҩ
СûҽùģֻỻҩֻҪҩҩǲܵġ
ʶ۹֣ȻѧһЩҽײһֱоҲֿ֪µʲôҩ
ֿȲ裺Ӳ裬ģ
üֿ
ֿģҾԸ衣ⶾֻҪСӲӲ㣬ұһ˵İȫΣ
ûѡ
ǣֿô֪ȷлҪ˵
ֿѲ͵ߣ˿ûԥؾŲ룬ˮ˽ȥ
üֻǸնһ£վڻΧһں˱㶯ͳһİѽ˵ڵȺŮӲϣƵֲò˻ȥ۾ضŶֿ
ֿ֣֪¶΢ЦŶԡ
䣬ֿ֣һ˼󴦵


221 б 
ǳݵ۽óԡ
ػ, ȴԼҪԼվ
ֿԼǷܣɢ֮ҩ
ֻܵ, 
ֿڼ࣬һֳֻͷ, ڳһģ, ż
ĿһԲ
ֿҲż˵, ֻǰǰĲ˸飬һ۽ǳݵ۽óԡ
ֿ֪«ʲôҩ
ֿ֣һ۽͵ߣҲ
ͷ΢΢һ࣬ൽһߣֿ
ֿҲ, ۽, ֱ, ϵ΢Цţˣ, ҾѾ棬ôҵӡСѹ
͵ػͷֿ
ֿϹǸЦݡ
˵֣С, ˵ÿɶ԰
ü, ǲ
ֿľ뾪š۾, ΢, 촽, °һŹӼһ㡣
֪ûԲˮ밲ġҪң̽ǸϺꡣֿһұһţһУҪǰǸӡ㸸׵Ը
ü٣֪ǰˣȻһ˲һֻβűҪ
Ϊ˳ŵİӣȥ飬Ҫ֣ǫֿ̈һЦЦģҺİԼ̳лλô࣬Ϊʲôƫƫѡôһߵ·
ֱңҰǡֿ˵ʱһģҪıı¡
ŵˣӸ޷ôϢ
֪Լݻ¶ˣֿѾ鵽ʵݣû뵽ǣֿûѡáҲûѡвѡֱӰϲ
ֿһһеΪüԻѡ
ڶָǲ⡣
û뵽ֿôˣ˴󶯸ɸ꣬ȻֻΪ˸˵Ҫǡ
һľګ֪ӦηӦ
ֿȻû뵽ôˣᱻһ˵ƿԣľ
ڼǰ˻Σ壡˵Ļûû⣿
촽ûж
ǡֿЦһôû˵ʲô
ҡͷûӦ
ֿһνģðɣȻ㲻Ǿ͸ߣȵΪֹ
ߣ仰ˣȥģ
ǳݡֿǿű˵۽ڼǰ˻Σ۽óʮ
ŷӦɴѾһƬڣ
Ѿʹɫʴӣӣ˳£ȥεǳݡ
㣡Ҫվκ϶ûֻܶ˶صֿȥǳʲô
㲻û𣿡ֿΪĥˣټ˵
ĥˣ
΢Уʼֿǰ
ʵ飬µõ
Զĵط̣ǱסԼԡʱŮ󱻻˵ĺۼȥֿ
Ǹʱʼֿͻȷݡǰ徸Ź£塣
Ϊȷˣֲһֿߵɱˡ
Ͼ߾ʦʵǱ塭ԼΪԵ޹ʵ˰Եʡ
һգҪӲϽ֣Ĵ棬ʵյĿľ뿴ǲж
ȸһ԰˵ˣһû֮õӣǲԸֳĽӴġ
һȥȸ˵Цò˻ɣӼʵһŮ
鱻ȥ͸ȷݡ
һΣݰݸ
ǰ׼һС׻ġ
·˲ټµŮСˡ
̸ֿı£¥ݹģȻ֪ʲôܲȡ˵Ρɫǵļᡣ
¶ǾŻµˣǵݶѾһݡ
ɡֿʻڱǵ
ݿڸǣ˵޷ڸǵġ
ֿ߹ɽӣطݣȻԭһأɵǾϸ顣
طǸһأ˵ͻü䡣
ֿܿͲ鵽Щʵݡ
˭Ҳ뵽ֿǴӼ֡
һֱˣȱ˵Щ鰲ݣ밲źŮСˡ
ڼϣױ˲Щˣݲײġ
ֿߺʹЩ˵óĽۡ
ֿʼգȷһ£ǲǱ塣
֪ʵݣǱˣҲ˶
鱻ɱ֮ǰô֪ݵģ
һ㣬˼⡣
*
ӣӵļ¹һ꣬ˮǵ
ɵ֮󣬱ҪˡССĻܲסļĺˮ
ҹûҲ֪죬ֻ֪ϡϡһƬֻлƵյˮ沨ԡ
ֿĴһҴšסŵĿõĴ
⴬ͨ峤Լʮһɳɵģһҳ̴ǰССĻè֮Ĳࡣ
һΣֿʾ⼾Լȥ
ΥѼΡ
ϵŮӡꡢ඼ֿϣѾ˰ǶŲ˴ϡж޷Ҵϣ˵мٺϰٸԱ
ȻٸߣҲ޷⴬ϵ˶ɱꡣοִӲɱ޹
ȻֵıԣֿҲȥġ
϶ֲɱ䣬ûס֣ظ£һҪмӡȻƣȻҲȥֿơΧȫǵˣֻһ˿Աȫܶ¼һˣȥ֡
ż˴󴬡
·ϼб
һ
϶⣬Ͷ֡ȥҲȲˣֻܸߡ󴬣ĿĺΪ
ֵǲ֪һһɡ
ü
һһ˵ɡ
е飬֮У
ֿһܿصء
˴мŮʰ
ͷŮԳķ䣬ү档ɡ
ɨһЩŮ֣˻Ƶ֣˽ЩŮԼں档


222  
ˣˣ
ֿŹ˴, һΡ
ֿڰ֣ý
ֿҲֿ࣬, סļ򣬹ȵ, סֿŽļ, Ȼվסˡ
۾ֱˡ
ҶǼ֮ɫվˣ
ֿŻϵ, 𽥿Լȵվסˡ
ˮײĴһһΣֿȴվסˡԻڴС
ֿ·ˣȭϥ£ϲӡ
ֿҶߣչ, չϤ·Ľࡣ
*
˵ͨ, ȥ, ˳ţڹٵһ·, һֱסȥ·ͣ
һᣬ˲׷ϣ׷
ʱ, û˸Ҹ˵, ֮ĺ˵, Ҳֻܸں档
ܵӵĶɿڽ, ɿȻƵ, жϵĶ
һҴšסҵķոմӶɿڳ
鿴˺һᣬֻû˼תͷֱϵĺɽУ
ǺɽУٵʱ
ֱӰ˦ȻһӺƱϳǰɫĽʯȥˡ
ʯ仹׽ҪҪЩͳ齣Ҳ˲ô࣬ת־ʹ߳һѳ.ǹһ
Ѿ˼УжǴ̶Ħ
ڱϿĿɿڴ
С̲ס˿ῳ𣿡
ҡͷâǽǿӦûᱻ䡭Ҫڼҵһҡ
һߣҲϴҾõ²Ծ
ͷпƲסԼԵʱҲû
Ȼõ֣ҲһŽٽ﹭ûִ󣬼ʯҲֱһľ
£ʯӲסľġ
˽ѽ
ȥһصĹ˼ڰģһֱӴ͸˰ģڼм䡣
ɽУҲܲˣ׷ΧĹ
ÿһһȲʡ
ֻ״æѽʣȺס֣£ûָôָ²Ǿסٿˣ
סʱĴָѾѪ
ʵѾûʲôˣϰٽĹһضġѾйһˣѾǼˡ
ס̧ˣֱӰѹ˵ϣֱֱȥ˻ѱϣ˵ϱ˵ľƣͷ¡
Ŀ࣬Ծ򶫿˿䣺ôˣ
һҶģصΪ
ǲˣӡȾƵĴָһϲþԼˡ
Ϊ
̲ס룬⡰顱ҲǸʲôö٣ôǿˣá顱ֶû취
У鲻żˣûȤֻȥȦȥˡ
ʯ䱻һҿۻңҪȥѱ˵
æһסʯ䣬ȥ
ţ
ʯɶͷҲܿ鲻ãҲûҪȥһ˵Լ˼ƿƣߵһʮǧԶǾȤ
֪Ϊʲôߴʿôӣëëģ
ߣû˸ʱʨëһҲá
ڻһӣ㬵ȥˡ
صɽµֲš
ȥ˻ûԸš
˵ȥ
ԭҵѾʰɾˣ߹ȥڼϣþò
ûˡҪҪȥʣ
üʣزأ
Ȼȥ˾˯
Ϩ˵ƣţ˼㻹ȥһʣ˭׼ָʱ֪أ
ͷͳȥˡ
*
Լʱ䵽ӣȴûп
ʱɣ˸ˣˣ
ܣųǲϢƴĵطġԼ뵽ΪʲôʱԼȥңҲѺԼĵط
ֱʣû㹻Ǯɲ˵ġ
ϢǲԼĵطûĪǣǻϳʲô£
ⷽһͷ˿ΧƵϿͣĵط粻ĸǲϢ
˳£һҹ»©
ϢҹҲһɧǲϢӳʲô£Ҫˡ
Ȼͣһᣬ˴Ӻظ
ֻûˣֱӱȡˡ
΢УȻҪˣˡ
*
ڴŮźϴ
ͷŮڼߵﲻú£үΪŮӡ
̾ȷʵΪŮӣֻΪѡ
ôƺλ㣿͸ͭŮ
Ůͷص﻽ӱá
ӡЦЦǵˮֲ
ŮٻػǸгǸԼ˵ˣʲô
ֿȻ֪ȻҲһƭźŮд̽ʲôϢȴǲˡ
̺˴齱ϣЪšһ磬ͻᵽǳˡ
Σֻɱ˰š
Ӱ＾˱ӣʵ֪Զʲôɿڵ𣿡
ûУɡ
Ȼü漾Ů̸΢΢Ŀ
һ֣ĵСˣһԼͷ˰һССͷߣҲȥ˵Сҹ࣬ЩӸС׼ġ
ֻǿһۣûԵͷ
ĺƷϾչһվһ£ڼ䣬ֻǸˮȥʮ²һ뷹ٹȵģ֪ôʡ
ֿµֶǲĶӣĶһһ͵Լȥ
Сһᡣ˵űһ¡
ֲĿŽ
ݱڵȻܹ²ˣҲûжԹʲô֮¡СûҪôӡ
ֲֻǻ۾Լٹȵ״̬
ֵ֪СǸˣСӵжҲСЩʱոűǣҪ顣Сӱ֤Բᶯһָͷ
Ѿ붨
Ǹƺ«˾
֪⻰ȥģվȭСӣһˣҩҲҲ÷ˡԲԣֻ֪û⡣
˵꣬ˡ
ûۣ＾Ѿ˯ˡ


223  
򻹲ȥң
ڶ, Ϊ˯һᡣ
ԼĪˣֱӽ˰˷
, ת߱ͷѾʼڷ, ʵôֱӰڷˣ
ص극, Ӿ͸ϳˡ
鿴ͷȷʵˡȥԼϴ, ѡ
һٷֱϣķˣȻЩԲȥ
ٳٲӣΪǷ˲θڣȥõ
, ʵ𣿡
ҡͷ
ûθ, ʣڼ
ҡͷ
顰žһ, һϣŭǲ֪, ǲڣ
һŭֱźǣȫȥҲ֪ô, ֪үڷƢ
ϥ£ǲڡ
ڣʶ, ָҹ֪, Ϊʲôҹ˵
СصǵԼȥʵġ
˵Ļ, ﻹǵס, ˵ѣȻô˵ˣǱȻԼûȥˡ
鵱ҪԼȥҡ
վðűһٵķյ£ȥϳհٴ˲ĵһط˲ͻˣȥԿŲˡ
鱻ס֪˵
ӦǱҼҪ顣
ԼôʱһŤ
ôûִˣȥذҲؼֲߣȥز졣

Ӧòᣬֵָ书ҪǴ´ġ
ǵΪʲôˣ
Լո˦ˣˣҲˣ
׼Ƣ֪ʧǳˣǸ
ֱȥϳָֻȥˣҲҲԼˣǳ˱ʲô£
ǣȥҡ
˳ԣڣȥˡ
*
ѾаյĹˡ
һֱû˯ѣһֱû𴲡
֪ǲԶԭûһõĳӣһֱ˯ͣŻתѡ
˻ǻ붯š
ܿվһŮŽźЩ˾ֻһֱվš
ֿϢʱһܹɣ쵽îʱʱͻѡ
֮һֱŹգϰ·һ硣ѾԲùȣһһ·ˡֻȶ겻ⲻȻû
ѦӰʱȾѾȬվ
Ѧǰֿȫ飬ٴȷȷʵѾȫˣŸпȣȫҶϣСʱµľġȻҲܺõô졣
ֿЦ֪ܲκáǲܣҲñʲôˡʵʵصһүҲá
ϴȥݷѦӣʵҲѦӿȬ֮ȣһЩĶ֮ûк֢
Ѧӿֻ֮ǽҪҩӣɲ֮Ī˸
ֿЩʱԼڷϰ·ûñ֪
ֻǾֿЩ֣ǰϲȥѰֵһˣôճճյذԼ鷿ﲻҲ˽ȥ
ǳȥҲǴΣա
ǰԼȲˣղÿӲȥﶼҪΡеӪҵΪһ˸¥Ľ죬ȥﶼб¡ݡ˵ξͲˣҲʵ˾֡
ֿ£ֺͣ
һֱƵգףԭֿͳˣЩڸŬԼϤ·
ʵѾߵúܺˡ
ֿҲԼ״̬һ磬Ҳۡһһġ
𣿡ֿ£˲ʽ
ȥ˿ͿһŮſڶţ˵ŮſڣӦû˯ȥй𴲰ɣ
ֿڰ֣˯ɡԴӽԼû˯һհȾûЩӹ˯ţ˯ŰɡҼǵǳǳ¥ķǺóԣȥЩʱϡ
ֿô˵ʶضһۣ໥ʵħˣ
ֿһȡ
˳ȥ
һֿߣ˼⣬Լٻ˼գֿ˼·
һֱڴţվû˼벻ֿΪΡ
¸޴
ÿϰȥϢϢںˣ²Ϣ󶼲֪ԼѾˣѾˡ
ֿһֻҪùһϣձټ˲޴ˡ
ƫƫϣЩ졣
׽ˣЩǱˡ
϶ûˣң¾ˡ
˼⡣
ա
ĶӦһŶ롣
ڰƷףûĴһϲ̫࣬Ž˶ǳĽŹ¡ǽΪΪū͹úࡣźġ
ĺܲóĶ˵췢٣·һҪ˽ź
ֱֿͬĹ
ܿʮŮÿŮ϶ŲͬĶ裬ˮв·λȵȡ
ױ̨һ·ź˲
һӣͷţλЬ롣
㣬ɴ߲˿ɵոӣ֯геĹ⻬޲ӯﲻЩĲѣ١
ˮ̵ɫԵ˵šΪѣ׼λ԰Ϊ׺
Ӱ＾װˣһүڵȹȥš
ţžѾǿ쵽ˡ
΢Цţǣү˵ѵ̰ù˯ᣬǽš
򦣬֪ԼֿȻһ˯硣
ӰѼΣȥ˴ϵ
ѾںҪƽࡣ
һӣϰ˶ʮˣһۿȥͣ磬Ȼͬˮһʮɫģ
ֿѾλż
ӰѼ˹ȥָֿ֣СҲһŰɡ˲ˮҶ㳢һ
ü
֪˵Ժܾòʳֿûж⣬ҲûҪԼӣʮ껹Ǹӣӵʱ
ͷ÷ɡ
ڼ࣬Աźһꡣ
ָָֿǰˣ⼸ǳݵɫ
Ĭֻ꣬ÿӼһЩǰˣһһڵسš
ֿֿأҲǿԼ꣬ŷ


224 ѯ 
Ҫ𣿡
һٷԵü, û˺ѣҲû˵˶ֻ̡
ֿҲ, ʣµĲˣ͸á
ԼŹ, ż˴, һ
ֿͲҪӻֻԹԵ˵ǳݵĸۡϲ, ֮磬ˮ·ͨ˴ֳϲիеһȡ
ͷȥ
ֿɣ⼸գǳݳ׼뻨񡣵ϻҪ㻨ƣеĽֶͨͨ, Ǻÿ
Ȼ˵
ֿ, Ǵİա
ͷ΢, ֿ
Ǿһģһ, ûʲô츲صı仯ֿЦӯ
˵ڲǶһ
ֿЦѵΪƿһУʵ뿪ȥ, ǻᰴԼĽŲǰС, һġ
˶ǣû˵
ֿ˹ؼ˵Ķ, Ҷ֪һطʾҪ, Ժ, ĵطʻܲҲ㡣ĲϢ֪㶪ˣһʱҲ鲻ټԼ䵭ȥǳݵıԺһֱǳԽǲ붯ϢԽ鲻ټҶԣûʲôԣʱҲûʲôա˽ǲ˲죬ǸִֵƢǲġҪһҹŻع
㿴һɢүʵһҲɢ䳰ȷܼңϢͨ˴
ֿƤ߯ӦҵȻûôСǮеģôҲǻʼ֮ӣңүǣ
κˣȡ
ֿһʼûżǡ
ʶԼȣ֪ôʳڡ
ֿ֪ʲôһ㣬˵ѦӸңź˿ţ糹״ϡʮʱ˾ѾȬˡҵȣȷʵˡ
ֿȣʮϵһΣװġ֮ȷʵ𣿡
ֿͷ
ʮװˤȣΪ˳ζ۵Ķ֮ü
ֵֿ˵ͷʮֳ꣬ȴѾʮˡǸҼ̳дͳҲ֪סʱľšǼλҪʱľˡ
һֿ֪˭ȴ˿ûмɻǰ顣
壬㣬ңִ㵱ΣֿżĻش
þò
Ͳ֪ôش
꼶СǲŶʢʱ븸ĸ׸Ͼսһսһ꣬Ͼһ֣ʧȥе֣ͣս
ϾһսҲ˹򣬱徽ϾճһսȵۣҪս
ȵսɱģ֪ɥʧȫĽϲִǴϾϢϾúõǳ飬׼˱Ͼս飬ֻҪӹ̳ǽ󣬲ܻضְ
Ͼս֮ȵӽ΢֮϶֮ȡ
ʵͶ֮ڷ飬һŲ֪
ֻ֪׻ûãͱα飬ΪʷһλپƷ顣
ڴ£޲Ϸ
飬Ͳǵò̫ˡ
ֿ㶣Ц㣬Ҳ벻ĳ·˰ɣҵĸҲˣǵ֮ţ֪ʱʮֻ꣬ҪʱɳұضԳΪĿеĻӣ̳дͳ֧Ųҳ󡭡ǰ㸸׵㸸˱飬Ҳ޷ѹЩһʱľŽ졣ҵֳ׻һڷܵˣҲδй޷ؿĸ׵ĸҡҵĸסҵ游ΪСʱֻʮ޷ֹǵȴñİ취ֹ¼ȥ
ԣ˴㣬Ҫ˳ⳡֿ֮ȻҲûôᡣ
ޱ竵ģαװʵԼֻΪƽϢǳ֮
ֿͷһЦôءȥսЩսԡѪսǵѪ֮Ϊ꿪ԼѪд˶߾ߡеľŽʿΪ궨֮սֵܣ޶ûа취һξȥڳϵǲǵǴĵߡ
죬޷Ӧ
ʢȪɶʵ㲻֪ЩȨߣй֮޲ֻֿҪһˣӲȨãľǣڵ̫ӵǣպЩҪĺҲǡֻΪйΪʱ򣬰ԹصǲЩΪˣǻָЩȨߵܡ
΢Уֿ֪һҪȥʢȪеԭ
һӣӻΪԵΪ˼ǣĵΣ⡣
٣ҪһζȥִָߴµıֶΡ
˵ô࣬ҪֿֿųڣֻǾãϻۣ벻Ҫ泯ԩЩŷ޿ɺǡȷʵΪ꽭ɽ˺͡ǺУҲӦõõʹ㲻Ӧһζػ̣ҲһζطЩԶĹס
ֿˣһϣ
ʵѰһƽ㣬ʱ䣬ɢֿ֪ŵ֧ߡ£һҪôĵ·¶Ҫı˶Ҫơ
˵ܴ곯͢𣿡ʵ
ֿ΢΢һЦ룬ұȥһĺǧͬ硢庣̵ƽʢ
ֿ֪仰˼
ϣܴ͢Ǿ̸УôͻþһֶγΪǸ֮λá
Ǽ
Ǳô꣬ıô꣬˶֮ʹΪѲɾΪ˰ٹôĳıֻҪ̳дͳ̸һİ취ǡ
ֿˣֿµĶ
Ϊֿ˳֮Ҳ̰Լ
һкڵ
Ϊʲô
ֿһƪ£ڷɻıȴֻϣڵ¶Ҫɵ𣿡
Ҫ𣿡ʡ
ֿЦҪ
Ҫ㲻Ҫ
ףֻֿϷŪͷȥ˵
ֿż˳ī˼ٷڡ


225 Ȧ 
ѲҪ˼ƣ
ʾô, ȥϾսʮʱһоȻ޶, Ȼǲǵˡ
ˡ
ڳֿͨ˼һŹ, ԹԵ
ӳɵб, ֿŹգһȳһȳ, Ȼر¶
û֪Ľû֪Ұģû֪ãҲû˽ˡ
񣬸û߽
ûһͨҪõг趼ûС
, ܼįż, 
һҲôõ𣿡
šӦһ, ǣҾ㲻õ
عͷȥ֡
ֵϰһˡ, ԶеĸӼǿ
ֿıӰ
ǰɣûмǿǣλ˹¶أĸûһˣǱζ, ᱻκ, κǣҡ
Ǹʺˡ¼ҹˡ
Ӹڼ󣬵ͷ, ʱһ䣺, Ҵȥҡ
ż, ֿǳݵĸۡիһʽ¥󡣡
ի
֮ǰҸڰסĵطҲס档ֽš
ի֣ºͻصիǵ¸޽Ժӡ˵Ƿʽ԰ֽģ羰۲ơ
ֻûʲôӦּһ䣺Ȼڸضйݣֻǻ˼ġɵ²
ر˼ģǾ˵ֿϲˣȻϲΪʲôֲԶ
ȵȥ԰ӿմ󣬾︻ֲˮɾլһжԡһն꣬ȴע
ˡÿһܸĶţһµܷ·һ⴦԰ӡ
ֵͷƼȥ԰ӲûпĸլԺֿóȣɽȦһƧ֮
˵Ƨȴˮ֮ϣεĴÿһÿһǶȿȥһĻһһһһ¡
⴦¥Ƹ
ɺ
⴦¥֣һġ
ֻܿ˿Ҳ޵ĵб£̨סʮжȵľģﱧŵǱκõΪλԼϲ԰ĴַµбأˣΪֲ
Ƽ¥¥һĽ̻Իͣӣݻҫüۡ
а취ȥ𣿡֡
ֱ۸ΧĶϢصǿԣɱȥĴ̫Ҳܱ֤Ҵȫˡ԰ӵиأƳϳ˵ڹķ
˼ǣһֱﲻֿȥϢܿⱲӶҲҡ𣿡ü
ֲÿɷ
ϣһСͲ²͸ֿʲô
һ磬ֿûԺԺֻŮö
ѡλ辰Ŷֻˮһ˽ˮ١
һȥ֡
ʲô·ȫ벻ףҲ²͸
ֿ˵ȥ
ֿһ仰˵öԣҪȥ߶߶Ϣܲ鵽ټֺпܾͻһӡ
νԼܲܳȥֲ֪ˣץ
ֿʲôˣġ
ֿֿ
û֮ǰô࣬ôֿ࣬˸©ˡ
ʵ˵ֿе˿ʼԼֿ˲򵥡
ȻгıȴδֽǾ֡
ǲ룬ǲм
ֿܣƫһ֡
ݣҪʲô飬ɱҪ׵öࡣгȻصģܾãЩ̫ӿȥ죬ֿ͢Ҳɫȥ˲ˡ
Ȼǰ赭д˵곯͢ź̸УԴ͢
ֿѾǿ󵽿ֱı߶۵Ļλ
鳹鱱õ飬Ȼ֪Ͳ󳹲Ľ˻᲻ᱻ飬᲻ǣ¡᲻Żˮ
ڽţһһԼﶢţ˭ܱ֤Լܻգ
һһֿں
϶ںġ
ܲں
ͷӣȥӡ
żȥֿԺӡ
һԺţ͸֦ѿֿڳȱϵĳϣͷר־ʲô
ӰѼϳȣֿͣߣֻֿ̧ͷһۣͷճϵ񣺡ˣ
һȦϸ˸ʵ鱱õ£
ֿûֻԹԵذǸѾõһģӡ
޶ԣ׷һ䣺˱ǣ𡭡
ϣȥôֿ϶ûͣҲû˵
ʲô뱣ģԸҡ
ֿ߳һõӣɫĲ˸ҶƬģһ˺üһģ˵Ż
ֿ̲ģǳ
ֻֿ̧̧ƤͷȥһɫĲ
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ע⵽ֿƵƹǼܣķɫĲƵĻĺҶ
ȻûеƣģǾɡ
ŪֿʲôֿõţһһȥӷŻƣ񡣡
Լϵƣƿԡ
ֿͲں˵飬ϷŻƼ£ʲô¶Ҫ
һʲôˣ
ֺֿûһһƣƣһյɫģõƾϲĸɫ
ĥûƢ˵һ䣺ɫġ
ɫģֿ΢΢һ㶣ͷԽȥЩɫɴ
Ҿһ˵ûĸһɫơ
ֵֿͷȥƵĹǼܣ˵˵ĲԼϲġ
ֿ˳
ֿ̧˵˰켾û¾䣺ô
㲻ңΪҿǳݵļ񣬷Żưɣü
ֿܾãŻô룬С
ˡ
βвˣ䲻ɡô죿
ѿı鶼һ飬ֵֿģûʲô취ѲҪ˼ƣ
л˵
ȿȣֿд
뾭һܳΪһϸ۹ӡ


226  
ռ٣ȥЪš
˼ƣ
аɡ켣¥, ʲôɫû
ԼС壬Ҫ˼ƣȫ
ʱ, Ѿɫɴɫ, кɫɫɫ
ֿӹɴ, Ȼһ
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ֿƬɫɴһ, Ȼϲڵĵƻˡ
û˵Ҫȥ
ڣֿüȷ
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ô, öػ
վĽǰһ, ¡£
͵ػع, ҵձЩҪôá
̧ͷһֳȻѾȥִ, ҲѾ˷
üһɻӡ
ұۣһյӣ֪һʼû, Ӧð֮ǰ۵Ҳһ˵ˡ
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һ£ʵʹǱеĹ齵ƻһ顣ܹ齵, в˳, ˧Ҳá½Ȱ˧鵽Ͼ, ý֮໥ĥһٰϾУһѵпɣһԡ
ԭʵͩķʲô
ͿϳʼЩĲɣнҽΧҲڹѯʡ
תѯ岿ϲ֮¡
˳֮һ·Сܣ׷飺
һ񣺡£Ʋ
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ЦЦ±Ƚ϶ࡣ
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ͷֵûüµϲ︴λּѾ·ˡԴöһӦλšǵÿȥҲԿοһ
ͷһ£ұȥݼĸ
лѾȥͨ
밲΢΢Ƿ
ʹĹأǱҪԲ
̧ôĲɣ
Ӧ𣺡Щʱڱġ鱱ãЩ񲻼á
Ҫ飬ҪƣҲҪϢ˲ܰ¸˲ǣټҪȻռ٣ȥЪš
΢΢ף
ۼӦôˬȷʵЩʱˣʵӻʼûһ첻ǱŸ
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ȥĸա֮ǰ仰
Ƿȥ
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ʵԶʹİĻӻﶼͳһҪȥĹѧȵڵʱ򣬾ʹֿһϰ䣬ȥԡȥսսҲ顣
ʲôʱ򣬶һ֮󣬿߹ط纮ռࡣ
һ·ϣеĹŮڹٿ飬׷פ㣬д
Ŀţֱҵ
Сڹǰ棬ǰͨڹ˵ˣʼųҵ׼衢㡢Ϲ
ˣȴȻֻڷǰһξꡣ
վڵſڣ顣
Ժ룬򶫶ֻڷŵ顣ĸСڹٸ飬Է½
򿴼ԶԶر
״ӿ˽Ųù
Цţл¡ˣʱˡ
ҵԺѾ˿ˣֻһ˶ĺϻڳҡ߹ȥźϻǵĸ׵ӡ
ôĿ˼˰
һͷżζһĸף
΢Цţų⣬.ƹâһԡգⳤҵ˰֮ãҲΪʱɫԵøζ
ϱһ̸սЦϸ԰׵ָһţݸ飺˵˵գݣ֪˭㡣
ûθڣѹƻĻˡһûҵ
㶣תЦʵôǱˣ
ôǣ̾һҾ˵ʵ
֪Ѿ֪ݣ
Ǿ棬ϴһΰѼҵʱ򣬾ߵݡôû̯ƣʲôʱôģԵôʱ䣬Լ̹ף
ôϻۣǲ֪һһԼƤѥźϻɣֻ°ѻ˵ˣ޷ЩˡظУһֱ¹ڻ
Ц⣬̾Ǽ¡ȷʵǻʼּ̫иҲǳ֮Сǳȥ㼸죬徲徲
ĸף㲻˽̧ʲôϢ£Ե޹ʵʧġ
˼ǣˣ𽥱ࡣ
ͷһɹĸоָһʧû˵Ϣ˽ٳ֣Ҫͼʲôڶû
ʢ۵ĺȦĽϳʱڲϵĦ˰壬һ̶ûͣȻʢġ
˵ʱʱءؿߣѲɹ֪ʲô
ˣÿμҪݴȥỻǱһֱй˸ţǳʲô£Ӧؾͻȥˡ
뵽⣬ü۴Ц⻺
滺֪˰취תֱۣʵţȥ𽻴飬
Լ˼һ㶼Ӳĸ׵۾ʱкϸĸ׺˵ʲô
˰ɣӽԳĲɣ֣ߣˣﰡ
ĸף꣬ɵʱһ졣
ۡûסЦһ٣棬Ҳ档ȥȥɣҼѾԺӻһʱǺӴСҲǳųģұ䣬ʵϧСǸƢĺӣ¶㣬Щġ
鰵һû
һɫ֪ڼ˲ٿͷ⺢ûЩӦЩ벻ס
Ƕģֻͬǰ㡭
뵽Щ֪ʲôæĸסҲģ
֪Т˳һĶԹϣæȥæİա
Щǵĸףڹ
Цı㣬Իʺҽãڳֿȡ
ѻĴ֦ǰ˻ΣڸϹĶظڹӲù
ס֣ǸùϻۻлԹ˼ڱĵطߣҪĪһ֮Լ顣
šͷס


227  
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ӳҵ, ȥ˱ʯˣһһ˲̧
ҿ, ǰȥ£ﶼǰ˻˲
߹ȥɨһ, Ϳɫһװȥġߵľǰ, óһ˷, ѽһЩɫľ˲̻˱ȱ˱ҪҪƱܡһЩŵù˹ʮʱٳ񻧲ˮ飬Ψʣ
ͷ
ֵֻҪǶ˶ԳԵĵط, ȥ̲, ̲ˡһ, һȥ, ˣ˾Ѻض̲Ҫѹһ£Щ˽ӵǰܡ˶ʢ, κ, ֱϳʱ¡ŶһΣҶš
ҵͷȻӦ齻ô, Ǵʱ, æʣղˣ
Ӧһ׼, 졣
ճ֮飬Щʱ̫ĵԵʣǣ»ȥúЪţһȥ
*
ղʿĴϣźźػ
ĬƬ̣õ飬ٻǣ̫ӵ¡֪ж£ǵ²֪ģ
۾Լҵ飬Ҷ֪һЩһþˣӻûʡͱ漸ȻӣɵûеСЩµӱࡣ
Եµ˼ֻԼҵ飬֪ˣ׷ʵ
룺滹ֽŲɾҵڹ¶ΪҰ£ЩҲ֮С
Ųΰ³鱱ãʵҪҡҴĸʺĸԼԴǱҡҡҡҲԴڱž㲻գ¸ͨ顢໥֣ҲҲˡͦ³鱱һΪ·ųԶЩʵ¶ԣǻ¡
΢У˵ͷȥǵñҴŭܱպҵǻ֮ȥҴҪõöࣿ
ͷ齵ȥףʵǱ徽ڵʱѾѽռ˽󱾾ǿ֮ĩոǳ顣ֻǽű徽ѱոոѡһΰ¹󣬼ǱѪСϢöָ㡣ԣ걱壬ǰ
Ħ壬ź˵ȥ
Ƕ걱ʳҪ䣬ʳ治Ϸ̵ʳҪϷռ壬һֱ̾ڱʳҪ֣ڲֳȥǣѵҪպٶҪռǴҪ̫ӵʺĸҵĿĻҪͨϱ·ĳͨ²Լսʱ򣬺󷽲߳⡣
ĬţĦϵ
ͣͣʡ
ʵ֮Ӧ°һǡ
ͷۣһݣΪϰһǣպƺⰲֶΣӦԼǰ
һȻû׺˼
̧ͷ͵ֻԼ˴̰۵Щӣܼڱ档ձȻûеôհԶľ򣬻°ŵסոأһˣڱϵĶ񴯳Ҫγôõʱ¾ŹǳŲȥġǡ
˵̧ͣĺ󻰡
ǣƺ֮ߣǲûƺⰲµġ²̫ӵҲȫȻŰ¡ֻҪԼϴ黹̰һᷢԼҡǽְʱְͣ󶼻ٸԭְȭһݣȵ֮գԼңǱǰߵߣʱ򣬱¾ͻ̫ӵʺһƣǰԼЩ󣬿ܱȱǿ̫ӵ˵أ
˿棬ϸϸĦź˵ÿһ仰
Ϊ̫붫۹ã֪һЩ۵˼
ҪоԵƺ⣬Ȳϣ̫ӵǿҲϣǿһ취߶Ͷ
ͷѾĹѹ޷
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²ģҲǵǡ
ֻҪԼϴһԼҡϾϵЩ֮ˣǺųǵȥҲû취ȫȻѹס
պԼһҪڱһսãôôã
ɽڲûա
»ľͱԣȥԻʺ˵ջʺȥ˵ո
*
ͬʱԺĻȻԺſΧ֮ڣ˿
̫뺲ԺԱڹԺѲ
һãԺ¶ˣ̫ŹԺһɰأߣˮҲ;ʱǨߣɰҲ١
*
齻飬ӻʹѾɽ
ֱȥ
ȥͨˣ鷿ڳӭӡ
ҲĹֱӽ˹ȥ˴֮ϡ
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ޣõ̫ʦϣϬվµĹˣһԲ
֪ʲô£ɵöͷֱð亹
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仰ȥص
վŭҲڰ̫ʦ
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ü㲻֪Ҹŷ˵ŵʱ˵ǻعˣҲǸЩ죬̫ʦֺα˻ŮУ˵ѣ
Ǵֻʣǡǳ˽Ἶӣһҧ˹Ҫˣ˿ɸҪǺã
һζԼˮ밲˿־壬ڳΪô꣬Ȼ飬㲻׼Ҳ޷ġ
鿴¶־֮ɫĿ⣬ȥ¶¡ΨҶѹһһ仺Ѳɣ̫ʦŻ²ãڣˣ
л˵
ͺݽʿʫ𡷡


228  
ȥˣ
һ, һɱ֮󣬷·𿴼ս֮ɲһɣдң
, һƻֱ練ơ
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ȥˣʼˣϢ
ɳȥ˵ˮȥӣһһͿˡ˵, , ΢Ѿȥ׷һ, źܿ졭
⻰û˵꣬鵱첽˹, ǣ
¹
ⰲˣûӦ
òŵˡ
ϸӵڶû
ɹǾ£˼Ŭס񣬳˼Ƭ, ź, ܣĸͲǰ
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Źû, ͵ŵ¿Ȼȣɵûǹˣֻ˵˾仭¾ͼææˡֻʰȥ
˼ţ૵ֻ䡣ǣסô֪ģ
ʵúãҲ벻ס
֪һ㣬һһѾȫգѣǾûбҪǻǵʱ
뵽һ
*
ӼϻǼ·ʼ鷢̫ͻȻû뵽µȥ
²ԼҲ²ֿʲô
ԴӰǰҪʼûһղġ
ÿгɶѵϢҪгɶѵҪ⣬ҪıӪĽңԼıѩ֮̿٣ܲþӪΣӼŻ֪ȡ
Լαװһ˳ᢣָܰڲսֵĲӡ
Щôġ
ڣֿߣûвϢϢԿϢȫգͬä·һ㣬Ľơ
ֿһƣһ̧ۿ˿߳ĬļżҲһ죬żҲһ졣οΪԼ
ֿһۡ
ֿſͷģãһ֪йҵ顣
ɵؿģ
ֿüһȻͷȥơ
΢УΪʲôң
ֿͷҲ̧ص⡣
㣡ֿˣ
ңҵЩɵйǮǴġֿʾ
ü̽׷ʣģ
ֿصС
ڡУȻЩȣϸϸȴֲôȡ
Ϊֿ̼֣֪ܲûȴȻԸɵйȷʵֻд벻漰ĺ׬ȡˡ
ȻǺУֿĲҵ漰ľ̫ˡ
ֿ֣˲ֿڶ۹ĵλ
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ڰԼֶά۹ƽС۹Щۡǫ̃˵顣
ɵ뵽ڱȱپõЩܼ꣬ڱాоֿĹ͡
Ȼຮò㣬࣬ΪûռɽΪȦسɹҲûܾ䣬Ҫ·
ֿ˵ֻҪ룬ͿԴ۹ԼΪ׵͡
ô˵ʵһЩؼԵ֤ݣЩڶ곯ϵĺ÷
뵽ɵ֪Ϊʲô׷ɱ𣿡
ֿش𣺡˵ˣֻشйҵ⡣
ûصһۣʲôʵģⲻŵ
뵱ʵֿۣȻûʲôʡ
֮ûаڡ
ʵҲûҪڣȺòˣҲܶʵ۵˼
ʵʵǺ飬Ȳܶ鶼㣬Щͬܡ˭Ҳûô飬ȵĲмҪӲǸλΪм˵ġ
ȺˣĶգҲȷ̬ˡۣԸоЭ̽š¼
ϾǼ²浱˻ʵۣǱȻ̫ζȫƷȻƷ˵ȨŵһЩοȿ£֮ģһ֪ܸĵĺֶΪ
ʵģֻ벻뵱ʵһˡ
ֿԼԣֻҪʵۣٵ⣬ӭж⡣ھƱˣûôࡣ
ֿƺһ㶼⼾⣬еĶͣˣ̧ػصա
һ㶼ʵĵ˵뵱ʵۣʲôȣ
ȣΪ뵱ʵˣֿʣѼʵƿԡ
ȷʵôһ룬κ뵱ʵȷʵûʲôȻϵ
֪ҵˣȻӦ
֪
֪ҵô˵ģ
ֿ̾һеļû˵ѹû飬ң
Ŷһش޹ص⡣һʱҲ벻ʲôҪʵģֻܵͷɴһѼѧֿӣ
ֿģ治֪ѾͷǴǴʵˣͲ֪Ƕʣ
ôϵİ
Ϳ˳ػشΪ˾
Ե޹ʵظ˵ЩȻרΪ˸ǰӴȳһƣһȡ
ֻܵ˱ء
ûҪлľ֮ʣһ˵
ѾͷʵؼطȻˣŪֿһ
˼Ƭ꣬ʣ𣿡
仰ӣѩӯ˼䣬κγ۵֪档
ֿסһ˲ͻعȥʯ˳ҿ
ôˣҪȥı
ֿæվ֣ܿõƹǼܹڵأõһɴҲɢ¡
ջ֣㲻ϲ㣿
⻰ʳڣ־òԣϲЩһҹʱһģ
Ȼˣǲ
ֿûнͣһߵĽ״æѵڵϵĶķֿ֣ԭǿԲվġ


229 ׷Ѱ 
⴬⣡
洩Ž߲Űɫ߿ȸ·İɫ, һǳɫбƵɴ̵ҪϹһöɫ壬Ľ, ζ
ֱվʱ, иơ
ϦƵĲ, ȻҲһֿΪ֮ɬ
ϣֿ
վŵʱ, Ҳͷأ̤ķж
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죬ͷеɴ籣á
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ȥ÷աֿûٿ, Լȥһѧ·ĺ, С
ѵϵĶ΢΢Ƿȥ׷ֿˡ
վһԵżϡ
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ʳ, ӽӴû
Էʱ, źĿźŵŮ㻻ʲô˵ǰ
Ե٣ҪֿȥƣҪ
ɨһϵĲˣĿһ̵ＹͣһᣬŮǰȥѼĲȡǰ
棬Ůô֪Լ
ֿһȴǵü˼Ƥģ˴ź⣬ˬڡ
ĿһֱǸŲ˵ŮϣŮһֱȥʵ
̾һҾǺ棬ô֪ʲô
ŮȻϻ̳ϿֵūܹרҵѵģΪŮ١
աȥ
Ůȴǹźһֿ
ֿ
ֿ˵Ůվ
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ڲ֪ߣǶôɡ
ԷǼúóԣҲ㿴ˡ
ţѾֻһΣǳݳ·⽵һ㣬
ֿȥŹգżɫƣżլӣǳݳǵɵԶռؼ㣬δߵԺ⣬ѾС
ֻֿ˽ܸоΧв˲ڰǡ
ɵ֮󣬼ͿȺϢһߡ
Ǻ棬Ⱥ˶ߡ
ֿ֪룬ڵܽŷߣ˵ǳݼһߴʮɵĻơÿһƬ꣬ᶯ˵滹ˣ˽Ŀ
ͷֿ˱û֮С
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ڹõϢǻ˰֪֪ûлؼ顣
صȥҩ̣ҩ̵˵ˡ
ϢϢ𣿡ʡ
ͷϢ˵ֻ֪˻ͬˣڶûҵ
ƬʵûпŻȥ˱𴦣
пܣĸۿڶвϢˣǶûˡӦǳȥӰߵĳطü
Σհɣĵһ䡣
üڣᡣӲãֽŲ㣬ǱǿסҲѴ
̫С벻ӵ۾ܾʲôǰһζ˳£ӦҪһҴһЩĴܴӹ
ȻһЩĴ
Ȼղ񱼵ӱߣҹšסŵĻ
ʵϢûۿڽļ¼
룺Ҫؼƽʡ
ߣת
ʵûףǴûй뼾ʱס޷Ҳ취ԼȳҲϢȱ
£ܱߵ뾭ӪĳŸ˵û뼾һϵ˶ʧˡǴϲֹֻ֣нһɣϵŮӶйϵģôʧظɸɾأ
Ȼż鲻ð˿ʲôֻǽױǰԺӿˣ˭ÿͷ
Լ䣬һȥ˼ΧլԺٴլԺܵ뼾
֪ΪİȫѼΧصլӶ˹
鵽˼ܵĳڴһľܽΧ֮µء
ľܽػ﷭˹䡣˿һŵˣ΢΢ü֮⣬ѹʵΪʲôܵ
ص
⻰˶֪ʲô˼ˣŸ˵ĹǾͶˡ˱Ҳ˵ʲôֱȥƽ
ƽ䣬ʲô˵ǿں棬΢񣺡¡
֣˵¡
ƽͷϢѾ˳ӺӵȥˡŲӿеûһһġ
ûУֻһȣʵ׼ҵĴҲǣ
׼ңƽ΢΢ü֪Ϊʲôۿôֻʰ׼ҡ
ƽһƣ뵽˼ȥ鷿ϰŷ⣬Ǹղġ
ƽѸۿڻ˵Ĵֻóݸ顣
ӹһĿʮзš
ƽ˵İ׼ҵĴ̵Ĵÿձһ붼հ׼̴ˣͣ˸ۿڣѻжԺˡ
鷭׼һۿڵļ¼д׼״ʱʱȥǳݡ
ȷʵûǻῴİ׼״ʱҡ
Σ˲˿ա
Ҳ֪Ϊʲô԰׼һô⣬Ҳǰһվ࣬ϵļ¼
׼״˳ȥǳˡʣʲô𣿡
ҡҡͷȻʲôһתƽϢ׷Ұ׼һټ
ƽһ㶣֪ǿʲôߡ
͵Ҹպȥӣһһʱոۣ˳£ϣӣӵΣҴ뿪ۿϣһȥӴӳĻˣҴ⣡
ƽͷȥȥϢ󴫵
üҪȥǳһ𣿡
ɣصﵽǳݣȻԶҲ;ϵɽҰ֣˴٣δػ˽ٵ;´ˡҪ֪Щ˽ٳֵʮҡһȺڸۿ´ֻעĿѡټǳݲһѡ񡣡
ͷ˵е


230  
Ѹտ˼ڵձ˦޸˳˳ǡ
һҹ, ӵͣأǿûп˻ֱӱȡˡ
ȻһѰ֮, ɵªҲͼϷ飬ҪӴŮӻ, ǻǸԸص¥֡
ĵظ, һ·صֻͣǧ𷻵ǰ档
ǧĵ¶ĳž¥, ǶĲ⡣
¼֮˶֪顣
ס꣬Щ°׮Щ˽⡣ǧͣڶ֮С
ˣŸĵ߹ȥһ̽
ȥȽС鿴һһûʲôͬ, ֻǹȽС, սĵطЩ롣
һҪ, һ֮£žòˡ
Ϊ֤, ѱӴյãаûζǺľ
ͨڣľʴ, ϵȵĺľơ
Ǵɫľ, ڶ۹٣һ㶼ǴϡӸԶ
ľǮ, һ㶼һЩҾ, ûĸ˻ְľּĵ
, Ҫľľ͸ӿĺľ޳ĺľҪгЩɼҾߵĺľø
úľָͷù
ȷϳ˹գȷݲһ㡣
뵽ǸŮԣ۸񲻷ƵܾܿǲϢ
ϣѰ˼¡
²ϢˣûԼܵˣҲǲСڲϢƤ»Ϣ׼ȷϰ˲Ϣˡ
вϢһ鱨ǱȲϢ
۾°ͣоһǾϢһѡ
ǰˣʢݰµʱٲҪ˴̽Ϣ
ϢڽϵĿڱһܺãûʲô캦顣ܶ飬ϢԴ̽ϢΪǿṩϢΪϢЩʲôбҪϢǻʱһЩϢṩߣΪṩӻ
ںϢȻһ֯ȴԼԭһϢպϢ̸һЩ
뵽ﰵԼһ£ǧͣıԵһЩɿݵĲľǰһѻ
ѾţųɤӴŻˣ˰Żˡ
ǧͣĿŻعæں
úܿ죬ϰŵͱ£ϴëձЩȼŻȼһͣٵĴС
Ҵͣˡ
һͻȻǰʮ
ǧΪ˷ֹܵǣʱ򣬾˰Ųյء
һŲˡ
׸鿴ֳʮû£Ҳˡ
ǧڵĿ˷׷׳֣ЩĿˣҪΪֹ˵һ˵ǲӦǧ⸶
ǧ𷻵ĹȻǲϣֱ˵ǧ𷻵ר˹ģôԵ޹ʾ˻һ˹ݻңóûЩ
ǧ𷻹⻰һȥԼȻǮֿʼһʱ䣬泳Щһһµعͷۡ
û취ֻǧ𷻽ҹţûֲĿȻظ½ˣڱʽ
һխСǧ𷻶Ǯ˲ôƵƲ
һǺľģûм𡣸ȥðˡ
û뵽ǧ𷻲֣ܲǧ𷻹¿ҿ
㿴һȦſΪʲôֻ죬ĿͶǧ𷻵Ĺ£˵ģ
ǧ𷻹ôҺ˵㲻ǴˣֻǰһصǧĿ˶ˡ
üηǧ𷻵ģ
ǧ𷻹ףСҲ֪λ˽ݷһ¡
üߵ˵Ȼ죬ʹؾ׸ȥʾû졣
۵ͷȥ˰˾׸
ǧ𷻵Ĺ²ֻؿž׸ߡ
˵ҹճ
գ׸ʾ˵ҹǧ𷻺ͣһ죬뿴ʾ໥ת棬˶ʧ׸졣
ֶ۲󣬵ȷʵǸ˼òġ
ļǮͺܰ󣬸ҪӶٶƥС
ҪҲһƷάķüߡ
ԣʾȥ˶ֻǿû¡
Ϣרŵÿ׸ſڶϢ׸Ѱҳһ˻زϢ
Ϣܿͱ͵˼õϡ
ɲϢÿϢС飬޾ϸϢһ͵ģŷõŷ⡣
ڣû˻Բŷ⡣
ڼ鷿֮ڣЩÿʱһţĬ
*
ӱٵһҹǧΪֶҹ공ʧʱ䣬¾ȥǳݵֿֿͨԽģκβأһССĹ¿ɵ³ѾˣټϢҲֻܵڶճǡ
ڶһ磬ǧɳˣӱ޵ĸǳݡؾ͹һƥǧǧ𷻵ȥϢ
ȻһͿǧвֱţѸտ˼ڵձ˦޸˳˳ǡ
*
ǳݵļѾõĻǳʢʻֻۡлﷱʢǳݳǵİղǷաǳһֱмϰףӻ䣬Ƕš
ǳǻȻҪǳõʻʱ񣬸л͡
ҹǳݴϣҲǰٻޣֵϵŻ㡣
ֿżС
񲢲żȥǳݳǸںϸߴʮɵĴ󻨵ơ
ֿգǰ棬ȻһǽΧ·
ϣţֿϡ
ãſֿ˺ΣͣһСԭǲȥǲվڰ߱˼ſ
ֿʾ⼾ָһһл͵ΧҴϡ
򻺻ƶССˮлһƣŻȥ湻ǵĴബڻĺӵӿȥ
ֿѹȺϣڴߣ۾ŻƵķ
ֿһж˵̫ˣ͸ǸδǰĻһ˿塣


231  
֪ǰŵ𣿡
ֿ֪ڿ, ûԵɵؿʼ١
ӰȻӣǺĴȴ徲ֻ࣬ˮŴ½졣
ֵֿһ, ֻֿ, ֿʱ˿̽Ӳȫ۵ס
ͲǸ໰, ֿԼҲ̫˵ȥƵ·, Ǿš
ֿȤĿȥϵȺ
Խӽƣӱ߷ŻƵ˾ԽࡣֿơһյյȼƷˮǰУװһɫǺӣԡ
ЩƵɴ֮, ɢ͵ٻɫ޵ɫɫտտɫ
Щڲʮɫĵƻ, ü뵽ǳΪ׼̻ơ
ԭЩڵɫĵƻ, Щɴ
飬Ѿһûм, ֪ΪʲôЩ
ǰЩʱǳ̻ƣҰڵġֿȻ˼һ
ĺ, ÿÿʲô, ˵ڣ֪
ֿ⣿
ֿͷ, Ұġǰ, , ƺǺÿıҪһ̻ƸĸֻǺ£ûᡣⳡһ޶̻ƣ͸㡣
ʲôϵֶѣʵ
ֿԥػش𣺡ֵܣսѡȻֶ֣ҵֵܣԳ֡
Ĵɱġ⻰ûʣȴֿ֤
ֿǡ
ͷѹһʼûɹֿ˽µĹϵҪø
ȻɱҲ̫ģǱʣһ˻ˡ
һĬӰϵԽԽ󣬼̧ͷȥֻǰһƻͨ¥ľͺɻں뻺š
ӰȺȥΰݻơ
֮ÿһ϶վ绨Ǵʻѣ趯ӣż赸
ֿŻϵЩĻŮӣЩŮǻʹߡǳΪֻɵŮӣʸӽֻ֮ĵشˣʸΪʹߡǺСͽ˻Ŀγ̡ҪԼһ׸񡣡
˵ĻʹߣҪôأʡ
ǻǸʱ򡣡ֿص

ֿйⲨֿԷӪ궼ܷգ첻ͷǳݳǴ󺵻࣬Ǿͻڼ뻨⼸Ƕƣһӵס񡣡
һתͷȥǾŮӡ
ĵʥ赸ȴֻ꼻һ֡ǵһǳݳǧǧĻһ㣬顣
ţЩںӰϹϰݻЩˣĮ
ǣֿĿ
ֿ𣿡
ֿֿϻʹߣǣµĻʹߡǳݲҪΪǣ˵ǳŮӣֻ˻ﻹũǵ˲ϣλϡ
֪ۡ𣿡ü
ֵȻ֪Ϊ̫ӵʱǳݵļ񡣡ֿյ͵ƣԣЩ˵һ㣬ֻҪˣ¹̩񰲣Ǳֵá
ǰǼ£Ҳ𣿡ֻֿҪµľˣͲٳˡ
ֻֿǻ֣κһǸλõˣҸᵯѹšܣ֮СֻǸԵֶβһˡ㲻κˣе飬͸һйЩڳŲǸЩʹһˣܹ±߾ǧ죬ǾȵǸˡ
žһһֿϣûȴŸ졣ֿߵĽеĽȻʣֹһĨ翽ҲС
ϵɱ˲ɢںγһɢˮ
ֿ֣ѹסĽ
˿ֿޱ飬Ҳûŭ⣬˱˽
΢УҲѽ䡣
ֿż֪ǰŵʣҾ͸㡣
Ҳ˵Լüֿ³ĻὫһֱصĶȫݻ١
Ҳ˵ѡֿƵĿⶢżֻҪʣҾһ˵
ЩԾ𽥱ü١
ֿһ޴ĺڰϮԨȥ
ҡҪȥ۵Ļңҿֿ
ֿĬԡ
һȥݺݵض
ظֿ򴬷򣬴תͷԭ·ء
һ·ϣֶ΢΢
ֿżҿһֻҰ޾ŵС¹ʴӡ
ֻֿ΢΢ǰƺǣסڻûٶǵ
Ѵ򰶱ߣֿһȳһյس˴ȥ
ͣסŲڴϣֿ˰
ʻ򣬰Ȼƻͨȴûˣֿ˰ӰûƬƻ֮С
ֿڳϻУֿһһѵǰţ̲סǰȥӼȻϲΪʲô˵밲ҲûϵҪ»ΪһŮӸĿ
ֿ·У˶ԭأػعͷ۽ǿ򽭺죡
һ£һһԼûѾѴǿƣѪ
ֿԺ⻰õȻԼҸطԼˡ
ǡص
ֿ˼ͷʽұֵĺ𣿡
ҡͷûСӿ϶ǿˡ
ֻҪǲ죬־Ͳ졣ֿǰš
ǵѪɣͷֿֿΪɣڶ۸棬ǳĵط֪
ֿߵķǳݵ¥֡
ǳݵ¥Сˣòֿ˾۷¥۷¥ǰֿйݴ񣺡¡
ֿڴ峡
к¥˰еĿȫߡЩʹ޻вЦѵĿһһͳ¥
ֱֿߵȲһڣ˶
費ҵӣ¥е˶˹ûпˡ
ȥ˵ʱѹλǾ۷¥үǽĸңүĴδǰ̾ͲˣǶʹɧ˸źˣ


232  
۾һ
ڹһλү, űȸ߿˵Ĳʧ١
۷¥רŹԹ֣ĵе.̵ĲŹŮһ˷վֿǰú۾ֿ
ֻһ, ʮ꣬ûгӢҲûӴ, ֿЩӡվڶĩ, һһزȥ
ֿһ۾ͿֻסġС¹۾һ, ҲԲԲģһ¡
ǸָָֿǸվĩβĵӵŮӡ
㣬
ǸվβӵŮС˹¥е·̬֫ӯ, 
ֿûע·, һֱǾֵӡ
ӡ΢΢Ƿ, ֿ
ֿûлػֻ, ¥
㾪ھ۷¥һȳӣ㶵ţߵźˡ, ϸƤ
Żع, ֿ¥
ֿȥķ䣬Ǿ۷¥һֱ׼, δ˽ȥķ䡣ÿ趼ɨ, Ӳи
ֱ֪, רΪֿ׼ġ
ֿ£ѹչݸȥ
˿㣬Ҷ໰˳˷䡣
Ȼӵֿ
ҿˡֿ˵һЩ¶ȡ
ǰֿһȲ裬ʵҪЩʳ𣿡
ֿ룺ЩȾƵСˣһơ
ͷȥԸŮȥʳȻԼСػš
ֿؿϣĿ͸Ļϵ£һ
ĵ߹ȥֿߣһ̺ӣظֿϣȲãЩҪǡ
ֿͷȥżϵĻ㡣
㣬ĻҺˡֿıϢߡĦ
ˣֿʵ
ʮ塭ش
İɣֿʡ
ѾֿϢɨŪЩ룬ͷ
û̹㣬ʻҪشǹءֿۡ
죬صعӵĻġ
Ϊʮ˻ģֿ
мҪ˵ǣüǮ
üǮֿ΢΢һЦ
ߵţȥţСһһϵİҸһơ
ֿ°ͣʾơ
ƺһСƣݵֿǰֿȺһ
㲻ƴǣֻšüһڰѾƺȥ
ٵֿ
㲻ֿ֪ʲôϻ̳Ͽֵֵһ
ֵֿٺһ
죬գգ۾ֺһ
ֿ־ֵģżڴʴӵһģһ
ȷе˵ÿμʱ򣬾ֶʴӵӺ
ϣȥѹϣǷ˵ԭίʱ⸱ģ
ֻо֣Ҳ֡ҿ࣬¿Խ࣬еԽǿǿͿ̿顣
ֿһֱ㵹ԼȣƶĶӣЩ΢ֿԼȥѾƺԼԼһһ¡
Ҿƣһ¶ǣӺӶһֱһӵʹֿĿڣûôˡ
Բʤڶûһſ˯ˡ
ֿ˯ŵüۣĮ¶΢Ц۶ؾϻûȾЩ֮Ůĸ뼾ģ
Ķͷϸ壬·˯ŵˣǸˡ
оͷЩ΢˶ͷֿջ֣˯
˯ʱһЩȻź˵ʱ˯ˣŵæϵɴƮڵءڶ桢桢ֳŶͷ˯ŵֿһ
ֿӡ⣬ŨܵĽëѹסƤһĲȴÿĿˡ
棬ֿ£ֿϣֻûӽͱץס
ֿۣ
ĿЩ£ϵɴȴֲôˡ
¥ŽǸЩѰֵǵֶΣһֱؿ־塣
ԼҲһ˲硣
£λӣҪȾƣҲûжʲôֵ顣˯ˣԼ·
ӣһˣȻûһԵᡣ
ЦˣǳݳĻЦ
ֿüЦʲô
ףǸˡϲ
ϲֿ΢
ͷ
ֿ֣ϲԴҵģ
ˣͷүô
ֿߵ飬һغϡҲߵءػشɣ
ֿ˶ӣһıϣ˵أ
㻹δӦֿѾ뻳Ĵ
δй㼰顣
İģأ޷ܾôôˣȼһ紺ˮ
ӡ
֮Щѡ
ץֿѣĻڴ
ˣԸԼ׸İգ
һֿ֮ȴûٶˡ
ֵ뺦Ѿȫʧˣȡ֮һּ顣
ĽǸС¹ˡ
¥ֽЩ.£סֿԼĺ촽͵ֿߣԽԽ
ֿһֻ֣Լ䡣
ֿȻ֣ԼĻ˳ȥ
ˤڵأֿҪߣ㾪֮Уعȥסֿȣӣҵɡˣ衭ҵģ
ֿüЩͷػͷһ˫ֵ۾һᡣ
ľ
ġ
ֿ˦㣬򿪷ţţѹչݸֿ
û˯һֱڴţֿϲŭ޳Ը֪ģû£
Ȼûʲôֿͳˡ
谵ãǸ㵽ûӣźˣ
ֿ¥æչȥЦӱūٸѰһġ
ֿһۣˡӣںԺٳӿ͡
һ£ֿ仰˼Ժھ۷ֻΪһš
ǲǴֿ⣿
赱Ӧֿظ
ֿصѾˡ
սţ͹ǧ𷻵ˡ
л˵
ӣŴ¥¥ĹҪȥͣͽгӡ


233 Ǳ 
𣿡
ֿü򽭺, ȥƫǧһֱڸϵֿ˰ҹǧ𷻵飬ԭԭظֿ˵һ顣
׸ȥ֮, ֿԡ
ǲϢģû, ӦѾ׷˹, 黹û˵²ǲϢġ
ǧŻɺ
ֿ˼, ʽ˯𣿡
صǣź˯ˡ
ֿˣջȥǹ£޷
˵ֿ꣬Լӡֿ뼾סĵطһԺǽӾôš
κη紵ݶü
Ժվ˺һᣬһֱ԰Ӽ
Ŀ򽭺ô£
ش𣺡˴, һֱЩ
Ҵ𣿡ֿʡ
Щӻصﲻ, ߵôæ, ûüϵҽʦ
ֿһۣȥҴ򡣸˿, ұɱϵŮ
һᣬӲͷƤ˵ǻйᷳ
ֿĿ䣬Žһᣬŵȥˡ
̾һ, ȭ˸, ǣһƥ˺Ժǣ, һ
б¥ջ, ֿլԺĴ, һ졣϶·һԨ¿ȥԨײȻһֻ۾ڿŶլԺǡ
һĹ򣬽һ˽լԺ
һо۵ף΢Уת÷ɿ졣
ҹһľе˽ǸլԺ˿ȥףǸ
İҹŴӴקǳ£ɵһ˼ȴͷһءϴ򣬱߱˵ʲôʲôӲʱ㲻Ҫ˵ˡ
ϴͷ
˴ֿԺֿ˿ûýȥ
ֶ֪һЩֿԼ˼ȥ룬ˡ
ֻֿ΢΢ס
ֿʵʲô缲ϣ
ֿһվֿΡΡϴ˵󼲶ѣзӡ
ֵֿдӣýȥץҩ
ֵͷŽȥֿдӡ
дˣֺʶȤøֿֿȷʵҩģԷһֽ˽
֪ʲô˼Ŵȥ鷿һֽҩĵ˳λãֳһ飬ݸȥץҩץҩõլﰾҩ
ֻ˸ڵԺӣϴȥץҩֿȥҽʦӱǳݡ
ֻԺӣԺûʲôˣƿţȥֺϡ
ˣӴʵΣ
ֵͷҴˡ
һֿȻǲǲһ͹۲Χˣֿģֿûдҽʦ棬ߵü벻ôࡣ
ܺãֻҪܽ취˰Ϣȥ
ֵǴ򲻻ΣѾȥҽʦˣӱޣվ͵ˡ
ͷʣҩ𣿡
һﾡǵǡ
֪Цû¡
֪ûӵķӣȥһʦ˵ǵġ
ڷ϶ȣֿڸţ޷˯
һὭӣСӸҩѾͽȥˡʹˣһֹͨȵķӡ
ֿͷЩûԼڴЩ£˵Ժȥˣ͸û˵ˡ
ûˡ
һҹֿϿһҹ
컹δӾߵţĽסӣĸ˯š
ֿȻһҹû˯
ü˽ݣӽȥ΢΢Ƿ﷢ˣյ
ֿ֪ʲôԭ𣿡
ҡͷ֪ҲûʲôֵĶ
ֿüѵҹҩ⣿
ֿ̧򽭺ϥµ¿Űģû˽ӽ»Ǵ˳ζ˵û⡣ǴڸסţҲûȡ
ֿӣȥտȥȡñˮ¡
ӵͷ˳ȥ
ֿⲽû¡Ǿܲô̼
ѹû뵽㣬ǰ׷ҰãˤҲǷԼˣδǳֻôĸ
ѾչˣϴȥȥСģȥҵġ
֪ȼִ޽˰жɣҲ޷棬ЩóԵĵĶ
ϲԸ㣬ǿЩټС¥˶ϲԣǲҲϲ˰úõĵիĶ˻Լһһڳ£ѡ˼Ϊóԣӵĵġ
峿磬ֿôţϢ
һ綼ûĸˡԺԽԽˡ
̲ס⺰
ֿ֪ʵҪ𣿡
ȥȥǳŵĴ򶼸ֿĽƣе˵һȡһ©
ͷȥ£˸ϵȥͷǳݵҽ
ֻһʱʱ䣬ǳҽֿҽ˹
ڼסԺ˳ӣһһȥ
ݿţЩҽһһ˽ҡͷʾ֪﷢Ϊʲô
ֱһ΢һЩ꼶ʮҵҽʱɫڼд¡ѡ֡
ͷϵӵڴ£ȥץ˷ڴߵˮ衣
Ӽ״ȥѼã˵ȥ˶һˮСտ¡
ֵͷ
Ӵæȥɴˡ
ģ֪ʵ𣿡
𵱼˵ͷʵϢ
ǵͷûʱ໰ֻǵҵ飬⡣
˵꣬ӱµһˮͷɴɻشϡšһ޲ڼͷϡ
һһݣӵǸ
̾һлȥŷһǮա
ͷȥŷһǮԭ·أص˾뼾լԺһҽݣӵҩͯһʮӡ
Цűȭлλһұ㲻ˡ̽׻λҲһҪԼؿƿǡ
ҩҩͯǵͷ
𲻸ҵ飬ȥվһƥ񱼡
ȥΧֿ֪ۡլԺ


234  
Щ˵¡
ֿһʲôˣѦҽ, ôܻȥҴϿ
ֻֿ˵һ㣬ǾǸһǳҪˡȻ, 鵽Ѿ֪˭ˡҺп, Ǹװġ
Ǹ˼ȻǲϢ, 飬һбġ
ȷ, ϢǳݵĴȥǳݵҽһЩǲϢİ׮Ҳȥһ̽
ôĸӴĸ, ֿܵĸ, ôֵðΣȥһ
Ĵ, ļҽݵڹڣҵһҽ, ؽͨҩͯҪҩָͯΪ
լԺ˼
󣬼ȵ֢״л, ǳݵĴ򶼲֪ȵΪʲô, Ϊ̫ôಡв
˭Ҳ׸λ￪ҩ, Ƕ֪լԺֿ, Ǹ˵ôںλ, һΪλҪˡ
ֻ˵ԼΪ
Ȼǳݴ޲ߣѾ˲٣֪˳Ҫˡȥֿ԰ͨ
ֿͨһֱšŵչ
ΪֵһҩͼĲòϢǳݵҽ֪ֿ֪ϻۣԸܷȴ̹֮ʹҲԸˣһ
ûµȥЩҽݣﰵҵﻹҪʱ䡣
ҹĻǳݵϿգĻ졣լԺǵƻͨЩƻһ׺ڽֵϵĻ貶Ŀ
ֿھΧ

ȥ㡣
һ㶣Ҳû˵ͷ˳ȥ
ֿûڣһԭǱǴӲŮӴظ
ûλʲôرģλ˳öûмÿֿǰ¥õŮӣҪǸŮ֮顣
֪ôˣĿζˣ
ʱֿš
һŸڣڷûˣû˼÷ŷ˵ڴһЩСˣŷҲ˷ˡ
մһɫɫɴ£ֻ˵ױһֻβڷһ࣬ȥ¥Щ糾Ůĸ
һֿҪǰźֿ÷
ֿ֣ǰ
¶ӡ֪Ŀ⣬վһԡ
ֿܲĿ⣬źʲô£С
ĬƬֿ̣ϣǡ㹫Űɡ
ֿһʳŮ٣ʳŮһ
죬ϷˣĿһඹϺǰͣסʳŮǰǵõǰһЩСǰȻְǵͻԭλá
һŰ͸ϺʣϸϸƷˣóԣϺ
ʳŮȥүǰţԴ˵ǿֿ㣬鵭Ȼ㲻ǰȥ˵ˡ
ǵһγԵôóԵϺʣھ۷¥ȻҲ׼ЩϡٵʳģǶǸǳԵģЩֻڱź÷ԼǲܳԷſһԷġ
Ǿ۷¥ĺˣԲôóԵķˡ
ֿԵϺʵʱй⣬ǸƤＹһ㣬̲סġ
Сֿ̧Ӿĵ˺óԣ
ֿɨһۣ
ʳŮǰȥ˸㣬ʢһСǰ㳢˳δȹôúȵʲôģ
ֿص㡣
û㣬¶һɻı顣
ӡһŮֿţʵһ㶡
㿴ڿеӡ
ֿ򽭺ôˣ
ɡ
ֱֿ˵
΢΢ǷͰϣ°ǰﱡͽѾߴһǧƽˡ
һ΢΢һ
ֿȥָ棬˼ãŻص޷ֻǧƽﱡͷȥ飬˭ļۡ
Ƿ˳ȥ
ֿԱˣ˲죬ȥùȣ׼
ֿ׼ˣҲվ
ֿԱɡ
ȷʵ̫ܳ࣬ΪҪϸġæҳԱˡ
ֿһۣ˵ֱȥ鷿
ֿĺ棬Сġ
ֿͷ¹ʣӰ´£ȥǣ֣һȳһյ鷿
鷿ֿǰ̨
ȥĥֿã̧ͷź˵顣
£˵һߡ
ֿԼĥĥʼдЩʲô
㻷ܣ鷿ֻֿд֣Сʵӣܿ𣿡
㡭ʶֿ֣ƺŮʶ֡
˵ͷ˽̹
ֿʣƽ￴ʲô飿
룬˼ػش𣺡öЩӡ
ֿЦЦûлӡ
ɨһۣͿˡָǱⱾҲС
Ǳǽеģݺǿֿ֪ûȥա
ߵǰǱ飬ӵһҳʼ
ֿûڿͷдš
Ȼʶ֣Ȿ鵽ǽרҵµĶֻ㬵ذ˻ȥܿһȦ鲻ǽιǽụ̃鶼ֳͨ
һιԡֳϵֲԾɽ֮ϵĲٷʡ
ʡ֣Ȿ飬ֿӣⱾ顭ֳ̫
ֿ̧һۣһ
ǵ̫ǰԪʮ¿״ԪǸʣɴ۾
ֿдˣеֽ˦˦صȻ˭
æ£ĬĬչƽ
Ҳ˵ʵֳⱾµⱾֵǧ𲻻һǣⲻ
㰵ֹǷ֮صӣкеϢ룬лֳ̫һʲôأ
ֿСذʵֳ˻ȥúЦеѾˣһŷ⣬˽ȥ
ɫҹŨȥϢա
͵ػعЩ⣺һȥϢ
ֿͷ
ӡҪҡһ𡭡˵棬֪Ϊʲô˵ȥˣֻֿͨ
ֿȥա
㲻ֿ⣬ΪʲôҪӵߣ
źڸЩ顣⣬Ҳش㱨飬Ҳܻ
ǵһദ˺ܾõˣ˴ϲ໥Ρȥ飬ֻʣ¾ãĭ
㱻ţȥֿԺƫϢ
벻ףΪδ˻Դһ糾ﳤˡ


235  
ʲô֪
ȷʵЩ, ҲûôΡϵ缲һжת
ֻθã˳ԳƤ̫ҩġԳƤҩķӦ, һԶˣȫͻʱķ, Ҳû취Ϊʲô
ҩ֮𽥷óƤ, дӣһֱǱųƤʹá
ָķѰɢ, Ҫҩ˲Ρ顢ŶŶƤʲݡˡưءʲʮһҩļ尾
һƤ΢ЩΪЩƤʼȡ
ǳĴǲܲԭġ
óƤȫȵĺ֢θһʹ
ȻһЩСˣȻθﱻšסʹСһһ𣬰θ
, ĺ, һֱܼ١
ֵһӣ
һ
תȥҹŮ, Ըһӡ
Ůȥ׼һӣ˽ȥӶθ, žʹ⡣
գڴϣûټθʹ, ⼸սʳ͸ˡ
ֿȻûȥ, ֪⼸һֱû´
һֱ鷿, , ټһЩ, ˹չϰ·
һֱֿߣ飬廨Ժɢ
լۡ˲ܳլ⣬ֿĻۡˣżȻƸģźˮԶԶţĸ¥Щ֡
Σÿζܿһվſڡ
ŢŸŮ
ŢףϹ
ס˭ʵ
Ţһۣصһλ
һ֪ΪΣȻЩ棬ԾͨƸĳȡ
ŢûֿҲûƸ
㻺ȥ߹ȣԽ棬Ƹǰ
ֿϱĿһĽŲ۾վֱӡ㿴꣬һѳʡԺˣ΢΢ʾò
Ƹźš
ЩĹſǻ
ü㣬ʵ£
Щӵʵ
ûػ
ʵܽȥ𣿡
ֲ֪˭ᡣ
ҩ˳ڵſڣʶؿ˿վſڵ֣һá
ǰҲûж˵Ϲôˣ
ԵĸоסԺĹҪء
ΪŮۡ࣬ʸźˣֻֿصˡ
Ҳ𣿡
֪Ϊʲôʶط
΢ԺĹҪϹ£ȥ𴦹һա˵꿴Ţ۶֮⡣
ŢǰϹȥ𴦹һա
ͿͼԣЩίҧҧ촽ת뿪ˣֱֱȥֿ鷿ֿû˵ȥſڵĽû
鷿ڸֿ㱨˿Ƿ¸ˡ
ֿͷ
ߵϣ£˵Ҳٶˡ
ֿϡ棬ʵôˣ
ͷеûʲôȥ˲ȥĵط˺ˡ
ֿߵŢŢǰصϹȥƸ󡣡
һ˲ֿԭ򣬼ֲм˵˳Ӻˡ
ֿѵ¶΢Ц
ͷ߹
ְֿ뻳ϣߵԴˣ
ûСͷ
ֿʮ꿪ʼͻ켣¥ݣŮ˻Щ꣬ͶϤŮЩ˻ĵСϷ
Ȼÿ˵࣬Щηϲ⸱ΨΨŵŵӣٻЩݽߡźҲûֻǰһĸС㣬ڸϡһֻè˱ڻһ࣬һ塣
ֿίʪãôСƢ⼸һֱδȥû𣿡
ɡӵûҡ
ֿ°ͣ𣿡
ˣôأ
ֿüŤͷӡĺ촽֮ϣҲ𣿡
ˣ˫ץסֿǰߵͷֿؿڣӴҺãġҪʲôӡʲôȱʲôҪҲģܾԼһǴ
ֿٵī̾һǴˡ
Ӻܼį𣿡̧۽ᡣ
ֿЦְ۽ǵĨȥǰ
λŹӣҲüį𣿡š
Ϊڣֿ𽥰ȥԾøįˡ
λǹˣ㶢ֿ
ֿǡ
ﲻţȴ˵컬ࡣ
¥Ȼ֪һӶһŮӱ̸ܶǱǲ˵Ը˵飬ʣֻûȤ
ֿЦţ޳ָĺ촽ǲ컬࣬ѵ֪
ӴȤңֿĻȴס
ֿȥƸˡ
ɵصͷá
*
û´ڴЩľûҲҪһߡȻȥҪ
֡⡣
Ŷ롣
˭棿˵
ֻصһŮӡ
ţӦһ£ֿġŮˣ
ûشΪ֪
Σֿƶѣϣִӱһ̺Ӹϡ
ȥһա֡
Ƹߵ԰һ۾Ϳֿڻ԰ϰ·߸һŮӿһһšŮʱʱ¶޹ЦݣֿֿЦš
ԶԶؿĵԭҲϲŮӡ
ֿһת˶治ԶżͣС·ϡ
ϵЦֱ۵ס
߹ȥ̧۱㿴Ǹϡɫ԰׵Ůӡ
ǾסƸŮȥ
ֿߵò죬ȴߵԽԽˡ
ߵǰʵӺЩˣ
ûлشĿһֱϣ㲻֪Ӧôƺʶֿ˶㡣
ӡ
ֿһۣû
ΪֿǺߣ㲻ٿ㣬صЩˡ
ϳȥ߰ɡһ𡣡ֿ
̧
ֲֿһ䣺Լϣˡ
˶վӦˡ
żߣ֪ǰ㷢գõļơ
ţ·Ĵʲô֪ȴû


236  
й
㿴ż뿪, ͷֿȥֻֿ΢죬ʵλ, Ҫ˽𣿡
ֿ۾ȫһִعѵ˺, ʹ
ӡ㲻ֿ֪Ϊʲôôѹ, ǰһҪǣס֡
ֿȴ̧, ԹԵػ鷿·ߴδйˡ
ţֿƸһһΪ׵ĵɫ磬Ӽȥ
վ, Ӹ·
Ӹ׼һһ۾˿೤ȹ, һѩ׵ޱɴ, ֻ֮һֻɵһһͷ, ȻһСģױ㣬촽һĨ
żϼĶһߣֻֿս, ǰȥ, еݸӣתߡ
Ӱϵ, ֿ, 
Ǽһ, ϱǰո֣еɫƮƮȥˡ
ֿһյƷ뼾һȥѵƷˡ
ʣλﲻ𣿡
ֿ΢΢һ㶣ʵ˭ûлػ
λҲˡ
ȻȺٵĵطߡֿųͣ
ͣһûùȣԼ˫
Ǵӳӱߡ
ֿԼеһյɻƷһֻ򣬶ȥѻƷ˺ˮ
ֿ˿ʼҪ𣿡
ͷ˿еƣֿģɴϵһ˿ҵһա
ֿ򽭺ϵ˹
ӹ𣬷ų۰ִŵƵĹâְӱߣѺɻƷ˺ĵֿĵһǰһθ໨Ʈȥ
ֿ˫£䣬յãŵһ߰ɡ
ȻԼǰȥ
żں档
ˣںӱߣ˵ֻˮײߵ
ֿһţķվ
ҲżһеĵƹⶼǵյǲөөվĹ⻪ղǵԣ²ԣİɭɭ
ֿĿǺƣݺڰ֮У޷԰Ρ
ֿóһŷ⣬ݸ㲻˵д㰴ķȥ飬鵽֮ţǷʵ
üòֿ֣ϽӹǷⱻŷ⡣
µҹЩֿ˫£ӷ뷢ҡεĺ棬鱯
ݸ֣ұɡ
ֽӹŴ뻳
ֿ̧һŽ棬Ȼһů⣬˳¡
ůԽԽ㿴ԽԽͷվһӣǸӳ֣Χĵƻһ㣬ӿյӲӣĻ
֮ĺڵĺڰʣ֮һ㣬еĹ
һ£˫ֳߣصǸǰ
쳾֮˭еڶˡ
ԶԶ㿴ϵļԼվߵġֿ
վˣκˣ
鿴ֿվһ˲䣬ĻϲĿڼϵʱӵ
ſ֣ϵļ
ղǧ
ԥþȫվ¡ѩ׵ɴڿųһʢٹһ£
ӭӴ֮Ůһ㣬֣أ¡
⣬ײһ𣬽һˣźӷ绺ɢȥ
ȵĻȻԼվˡͷֿֿȴѾˣ뿪
ͷĲ㡣
رס飬ԼͷԲ𡣡
*
ֿһһǳݳլۡǰеⶼ
ȻĵؿԱߵԺǽ
ҪȥȴֿһֳֻǽڣǰǶС
û˿üҲûüĺ
һֻץؿڣ·ﱻʲôͱһѴѵﴩе¶ȡ
ôôأ
ؿΪʲôкĵΪʲôԨһ׹ֹΪʲôҿ뿪ӣ
Ӵʱ򣬻İȫɢԼںڰǰС
ֿ̧ͷų֮ϣǰ·ûһˣͬС
ֿص߽ۡԺ֮ȻȻôֱֱصڵϡ
ӣ
ͬǰֿҡ
ҽʦѾˣֿ˼룬ֿŻתѡ
ǡ
ȥֿ
ҽʦ㶣һݣ˳ҡ
ѰֿȥڣͷɢŰɫ£¿ϣԵӵࡣ
ϿȥֻĿɢɫ԰ס
һֿĴߣտ죺ӡôˣ
ֿ㣬þò
ŵֱӣ˵仰ա˵仰
ֿգһ۾βųҸ㽲°ɡ
ֿڿڣɫ˳صͷ
ֿĿڴ֮ϣǸԶĵطͣڻʼң¡ĵطҲĮĵطֻһĿģǱǾܵȥȨаλ֣λʽ㡣Ǽҵĸսɳʮֳ㣬ֻʣˡ
üסֿ֡
ֿûսóıԣӲãҲûôϹսһֱŸ󷽷սһıԼңΪı˶ĴƬأȻ󣬶
ֿЦţǸ׵ӣ׺ҡѧʵ˵ҵʦʮʱ򣬻ʴ֮ңҹʦǰⷨʦңʣֵüլʦЦˣҵͷ˵㼴һӣǱԼաҪôȥҪô˳صұ˳ɡ
ʵ𣿡
ֿ̾һΪҲڡǿʱҿʼеˡұˤϣһ˰ˡˣ¾һʲô羰ûش˵羰һ㶼ÿǳǽʲôΧסˡ˵Ҳķ羰ʱֻȥԳս˵Щطֻڻϸʲôһشˤȥؿң˵ΪҶǸʱ꣬Ͳ˵ʲô˵սңϾսгĺӡֺסң˵ˤȣ͸ûа취ȥˡΪʲôһҪˤأװ˲˵ĶʱҲװۡ
ֿ˵ʱᶼˣǰһС椣ֺ½ǣһؽѧƭˡ
л˵

дⱾеҪʱҶ޹
дֿԸдʱҶɵˡ


237 簮 
£ֻ
ʮֿཱུС, ʵ˭
С椻ش𣺡塣
徽ҵġС㣿ֿʡ
ѽش
ҡΪǸкֿȵ˵
ףңգգ۾
ֿͷҸȥս
𣿡ʡ
ֿصᡣ
Һ𣿡˹졣
ֿİ, ЦˣԼûаա
Ҫģˤ, û취, ҿԽԺл׷ʱͿ, ǿ϶׷㡣ˤȣû취Լˣ
ֿûױʲôԼãֻҪˣ˾׷Ͳ۸, Ͳˤȥˡ
ҿˣԼֵС, Լ, ߵķϵգĶ, Ծš
ֿʵ˵ʱҪǣߣôھ͸˴Բѵ
գˤģ۵ģץס첲
ֿЦ, ͷ, ˾һС٣Ҳȥ, , ȥҽ, ˵ˤȺ𣿡
ãЦӯӯ¾¡
ֿҲС
ʱı廹ûӣվʮǰ͸һһ
˵ҪǵáֿĻϲ
صص˵ͷ
֮ҽ˵ֿˤȣֿ͸ĸʹ֪ǲ̫ĸ̸ˤȰʹ¾Ȼô˳
徽ؼǨȵ۴͸Ǩ顣
ֿŻ弸ÿֿҽֻ֪ûȳ
Ժǰͯ꣬붼ġ
ֱһ֮游һţĸ׵
⣬ıɱ
󹬶ıɱĸ׵ס
һֱ԰֣Ȼգʹ֮ءߵ˶ܲҡ
ʶ壬еűָմ
ֿ֪һмƻһҪȱ塣
ΪԷһȥĺƷѦҽڲѵʱȱ徸һȻôôɣѱˡ
ΪԷһ游ó͢Ĺϵ·֮ǰ徸˵
ڵõ徸ѾӶֱ̳Ϣʱֿ𾪲ѣѾȥ徸˻ôǻǻˣ
徸˾ȲȥҲҪǸаŮһ֮֡
ֿԥһܵǣȥڻҵ˱塣
ͬʱһֱǻԵĴ̿ҲץһѵĴɱᡣٿҲڱϮлñİȫ
ڣ˿Ұһֿ֮ԾԼҪѡ
ʹĻʱ˦̿ͣصʬҪѾҽȵˣܷҪš
Ȼ˵ȣƻŽţ׹ԡ游ǰ죬פŵĳžֿ׷Ĵ̿ͼ޻ᣬΡ
ʱѦѾٰơѦӸȬͱڰȴϣʮ꣬ʱȬĻҪܶ࣬ԥͬˡ
ڼ䣬ȥ̳ҹ壬˶˵ûҵ
徸ʬҲûҵ
ֿ˸ҽȥţֱһҽѦҽţ˱ҽˣѾǲһҹ׷ʲôǲˡ
Ҳǲֿ
ֿһ֪䣬ŵһ˵ء
ûϵǵãˣȥϣҲǺõġ
û뵽ѾĻӹ۹ڰǰΪڳԩľŷǰôԶ
һƣŵϣǰе·ϣѪܡ
׼ؾô³ǰ
һ۾ϳ
ﳼ֮ŮôΣ֮У
Ǹ󱻻˵Ů
κйڱϢܴ¶ȥ
£ֿˣ˼翣أ
ֿع񣬿Ц޸ҵֵܡţӦи󵽰ɣ㲻ǵңһദһʱ䣬ܼСʱ򾭳һɣҰ˹Ļƣǳ̻ƣʵҲ͸ľϲ۵Ľ䱸Ǿ֡
ֿ㣬һ˫ֵһ˭˵.û󵽣ǱȽһһǸҵֶӣĻ壬ҵֵܣҰĽŮӲңұҪȫҲİܾãǸʱ䣬Ҳϲҡҽ
ֿ֣Լֵദ⼸գҼ˼ֶΣ簮ЩССаСݶֶΡҾⷽ棬һԡֱҿ񡭡ҴδǰӣǳµʱϵǲڰѾȻȴҿ뿪Ҿ֪޷ΪˡǺڰܹսڰ¹⡣ںڰֻӳ١ֻȥȥ
ֿ̧㣺ԣ£ֻ㶮𣿡
ƶǶصͷ
ôܶأ
ûϵ϶ܶ
Ҳã˵á
ֿһڵЦĦﴺ׷ɣһů磬㣬ֻǿֿһůīֽһ㣬ٵӵȫ
ֻƣÿ½󣺡ҡ
Щʱڴ飬ʵ˵λûϵҿԴο¡
֪⻰˵ôܴĿеİĽǸأ
Ҳá
ЩߣûлػֻǺͷһ飬ҿֿ
ֿ⸱ߵģܾãûоǳޱ䣬ǻгһտߵԿ⸱ӭݵĿɰģ
ȥһ£ҡ
תͷӵؿ
ˣ⸱ģ
л˵
ˣҿ
ͣǶİɣ
ٱӣҾҲдǿȡ᣿bushi


238 Ứ 
ͬյһ𡣡
ֿÿһѪҺȲؽѹõ
·Ƕס, ̽ζ
˫ֵסֿű̵ֿˡ
Ѿ챻ˡ
ҪŲ, ֿһץס֡
һ¡
Ѿһ㺹˷·ܹһꡣ
δ˼, ֱϾ, о֮һʧһִ׹еһ̱óӡ
йԵ, ȻûκηصأԼ׸
ҪӷƮ¡ҪģˮĴؿڣһзʹ
ô⸱ģ, ô顣
¡
ֿѹסĴ, Ϣҵֿ֡
.Ĺܵ˵𱰣ֿֿ
һһĺ, Ұﹴ˵ĸͣ, ɲ֣Ųϡ
Ҫ÷磬Ҫꡣ
ܲס, ء
ֿץߡ
Ĳ, ĲճһȦԶֻ
*
, ֿ򿪷, ŽȴԽˡ
վ, Żͬյһ𡣡
ϥ£ֿһҡһεˡ
ҪѶİĽΪڣ
֦ҶïŽأŢݹǳ
Ϊ԰լӣרΪ޽ĸۡİ顣
Դ֮
ԴԺ֪ἰ
*
Ҫȥֿ
ֿɢؿŽҪȫԽƽߵĺգòŻع
˳زͷ顣
˦첽ֿ
ֿת
ӿŲһȭֿϣҵȥ
ȻֹֿԼǵѪվֱӣƽˣ
鳤һƽˡ
ֿһۣصϾ
ȻӼϳ
*
ֿţ»ˡ
ӦһŶ롣
ֿˣ顣
ߣȥϾˡ
Ŷһ޻˵
һֱЩʲôʵıʡ
ûʲôʵġ
ûʲôʵģų˭ûԵɵջ
鿴Σ˵Ȼ뿪
һɨϵĲյһء
վ⣬һɻ
*
һ·ϣָż⡣˸ں棬ΧеĻûһ˸Ҵڳ
ĪʱĻϲôڿջϢһϣֱ֮ǰǸ˭Ƿһӵı顣
Щ֣ʵǲǻҸֿʲô
ֿصһֱߣʲô
԰ȣһֱߣҸֿʲôҲûᰡôң
ֵѵб飬һѾػصˣûôС
ûģһֱװű飬ƫ˹ٵҲûע⡣ʱȥùͷȥ˵
ۿ鶼Ҫײ·ߵȥˣ׷ϣ¡ǰ
Żع֣Ż·
飬Ҫֿͣס
ʱһڻʹĴֿˤķӦ֪֮ǰˡ
ֿˤִ֮ҪʹŻסڻʹһҪԭʵڹ⣬ܷ㡣
ֿʶ壬֮ĸ飬Ҫ
ҲΪ̫һţоǣ㣬ŴҴɽڳ֮ǰȥʥ
º˵˼ԼܲµһǰҽȥţܸպǸʱǰ
Ѧֿĸˣĳ˵ֿҽȵĹϵҪȼҽȵĹϵΪС
ֿȶˡӦֿȥʱ鼱֮ˡ
ڰǰΪ˻𳡣Ϊһȡ
˵ֿûи飬ǲŵġ
ദʱջһ飬ǳʧ䣬øֶλȡ
гһգָ䣬ֿĹ᲻Թ᲻᲻ᡭ뿪أ
üδйָо뼾Ĺϵ·ˮһλá
ˣͲˡ
ֿԼʲôΪ
Ϊ̫˽ֿˣ⼸һദȻֿֿһǿ
ֿô߰һˣΪô࣬Ҳм˵ͬĶֿҪġ
ߣĵĲǶʱĸеùǳһ
Ȼֿˡ
ʱļ̫СھгߵǸֿһչĴ硣ֻǧӪƵһδѶʱֿĺã鰮һ˿һ
ǾͲһˡС߶ǹڹź򣬼ŮҲԽ֡ǴδĸŮйҲδŮͬŮӡ
һۣܼסܽãǱһӵ顣
ʱÿ顣

㣬
΢Ѿӡ
ͷȥС˵õ½ȥǡ
ָָԼһɻ
˽ǵͷʾû
ͣ£ִÿӽ
ȥһֱڶ
ôʡ
˵㲻ʣҿԸ㡣ȻҲ֪ΪʲôңЩʱգһֱߣûңǴǳ˴˻񣬷˸ƶѡ˳ƤԼȣúȥϢ
Щ֪üͷȻչȻأ
⻰ʵüһ㶣ʲôȻأ
ˣôģʵ
ֿ˵Щ˲š
ңҲ䣬ˣûʲô
鵽ʲôһ䣬㲻ΪϲҰɣ
ɫ䣬ü΢û˵
ԼһЦȻɫȻòҰף⼸ֿΪʱðһɡϹ˵ҲܲУԭһֱ£
ϲңգգ۾顣
㲻֪
ҡҡͷȻֵ˵ͷĬƬ漴ҡҡͷܣôϲң˵Ҳʶ֪ˣ


239 ̹ 
׹ӣǻġ
ĵں֮ǰ, ʶأСʱʧȥǶʱ
죬ƴڼѰйֿһļ䡣
̫, ǵﱡǵøĸ, ǵø, ǵǱЩֿҪ, Ϊʲô᲻ǵ
˰ΣŻСʱͼңҶʱ飬ĺҪҲ᲻ǵõġ
һִʹֿڼǴˡ
˭涨ϲ, ҾҪӦϲ, ô಻ĵط, ǻӣҲ¶˳İա
еۻ塣Ļ
üǸ, ծһѡǳݵʱ򣬸ϻһŮӡ˭ϲҿ԰ɣҲϲϲӡҾϲ, ǱǸһһһ˫, 
鲻ҽ⻰һһһ˫, ﻹĸ, ȻЩ, ܹǷڸˡ
˵˵żˣæͣ㲻㣡
Ҳ㣿
ԺǼǱġҲû˵Щ졣
鿴Щٵǽ⿪ˣҲ滺ࡣ
ſұ㡣
ȻţЩߣǿ飬Ļ
żϵ¶ȣйڻ飬ҲƲ⡣ǳݵʱҲ˵һ㡣һˣ˵̫ࡣ濴ȥ䵭ʵǺϲںġԽĮԽءϸ룬һ켣̻֮ˣʱŮѧأҪеġֻ㣬رġ
ôһ˵ź֪ԭֿһҲΪھԼĵ.
ϲôϸ룬ȻȴûΪѹߵˡôʿԱͷȴֻһյƣһƻ
ôŶʮѾ۹ĺоԼɵйС۵ףݣôô˳ػص
ôô׵ش
ʼǰˣĻʹֶҪ뿪ʱıѾˡ
ģԶ֪Ҫöࡣ
ḧıֻΪʧǲĸ飬һֱǡЩ£Ҳˣ¸㣬Լһ룬Ҹ𸴣𣿡
ͷĻһ
ȣܿΪˣ˵ñءһٵ¡ôġ
ۣĬ
ףԼĻһô˵
ڣʲôݣ
һֱҵǸɫ׹ӣСʱõˡȥ񸮵ĽˡүүͿһһֱ˴ˣڻʮʱ򣬾͸ˡ
Ļ鲻˵ˡ
ֿȣ⻹ʲô˵ģ
ֱӣϳҧ´һѵӣò˵ȷʵǷģԺһһֲֻҪʲôֵҪҶԴӦ
⻰ǵõһ㣬ĸбࡣ
ȷˣδԻ嶯𣿡ż
ͷ΢죬һĿŲˣҲô֪ˡ
Цˣڻô˵ұȻҪ𣿡
һֱһһֱʵģûлشҪ
ĿԽԽ
һеӣԶˡ
ˣ̧ͷǺϢ𣿡
һ˵ǸšݱǼҵġ֪ĴҾȥɽУУ£żҡ
£⡣
ʯǸƢ꣬ˣ˭סֻ˵áУϵ˵ʯںɽУŵ׷˿ȥ˺ɽУ˺ȥʱѾڳСʱˣѾܲˣͱʯɰ˿顣
һΣǸġҵûǸεˡ

⻰˼úӡ
ǰҾ룬ʢԶϰΪ̲λõġ磬ôô˼ϸˡֱʢȪҲŻȻұľϻǿһԺˣҲˡ
Ѱţ˵㡭ѲϢ󽻸
ͷҾʺλõˡ
֮οԣЩǣϾʢݵˡ
Цˣ飺Ҹ㴫ϢͶ֮ĺԣðűʯж˿ķա񵱳ڱһ֣Ͷʱ𣿡
˵Ҳûʲôˡ
ȷʵϢֻмһ£ǺΣյġ
£ϢûĹǡ鲻òϢΪӽΪ˲ϢϢԣȥϢŷ⣬ӲϢ·ȥҼʧԭ
ֿٳּ飬ͻȻ
ܵһʱ鵽ģܻȥȷݣٰϢȷʵһֶ˵֮ˡ
ԣȻ˫нǴڱ׵ġ
ЦţԭҲϲÿ콣
ǳݻʱܵҪʱ
鲻ҹȥóţյֵǽ֪·վסһߡ
׻ǵǵİΣһȥںδֿûС
Ҳ໰ǣһƥԼȻ
ֱӰӢֻۣǳԽҾЩϧˡ
ص˸־ûǿ󡣶ңϣ䶼õЩҪһ˴ҶЩ¡
Цİɣӣѳ֮ʣǲܱȾڵġǸӣ͸ˡûѧʣúܡ
ȻҲһٶضײ
΢Ц
Ըܹһֱ޳
*
ڹٵϵվЪһҹڶտ쵽ŵʱŻص
ֱȥ˼
⼸ճϡﵢЩ࣬Ҫȥ
סȥաһʱ
鿴ͷ
һլܵ뼾ǴһɽܵĿʼƽͨˡ
ƽվڼɽǰӼƽ£ݺ᣺û£ӡ


240  
Æ¡
æǰȥסƽ, ʣڼ𣿡
ƽͷ
¶º͵ЦݣЩ˵ߵ̫ãҪ̫, ѾǱûˡƽҲҪ̫ȥǴաҶˡ
ƽ᣺, ȥ˴ȥ𡣡
ƽһС, żȥ˼Ŀի
ȥ鷿
ŮڸҩĥƵ, ҲбʯŹˣд󵶵Ĳˡ
߽ͷ״Ҫվڰ֣ҩ˵
¡
ڼС˰һӣŵ, , ûȤƹܲϢ󣿡
΢
΢ЦıҼ, ҵģҲˡңҲԼı·ϢԴáֻһ, ҪԼıģκ캦飬
ĬòŻصһ֪˭
һӣ, ǿСڿлһɫ, Ļ, ֻСӡšϢ֡
ұˡϢ󶼸, ҵ顢֪е, ֶӦܺܿһУԸⲻԸڲϢա
еӷ㶣Ѿ뿪ȥ
û뵽ϢһŮӣû뵽ŮƹϢ
Īúһһ
ĲһϢ󣬸ȫܡ
Ůﺮϵȫ֮󣬵ӣǶӹӡ뺮ԺҲô˵Ůӱ˳ȥ
㶵ţһʣż֪Ϣ֮ûκοԵģǸϢҲδȫȫ
ǸŮӸȨȴҪԼȥѱûѱӿò˶ãҪˡ
⣬ǶĿ
˼
սСƣȻŮ֮ȴҪ˶ӣ㣬ܾܡ
Уѣһʱ뵽ģȴ֪ͨ
Ůʲôϵ
δô۸ӵĹϵòϢ²;˷ܡ
Ȼһ£ӻʢݸǸľϻӣ˺þã²Ϣż飬ֻʢżòϢϢ¸ʢݲˣ֪ʲôĻ
ѾûֵʱˡÿһѪҺȥ̽ࡣ
*
ŷûаڷȻ鷿ڱĿ񣬿ʧȥϢ⼸գûϢá
ԼĽŲϰȻĽŲˡ
˵Ϣᣬڷһء
վߵߣסȥ˹ܾܿͱǣЩʱնˡһ
һֱδ̲סЦˣңҿϢϢ
ɸ첲˫ֿжȴǰϣ֡
ӣʵ˲𣿡
һ
ЩǣĵӺãҵǲ£ֻǰ벻óЩҪҪЩȥǡ
ߣа취ʵǱ˲ΣֻҪ̻Ǳߵ˲Ҫġҿһ˲ǹٲ̲һģģЩ걱Щ˽⣬ؾ˶׼
ͷϢػ۵ʱҾⱱ̻˲Ӧȥ¼ˣֻ̫¼Ķ̫࣬Ҫȥ£ܳĿҲҪ֡һСĽе˲ŵһ𱣴棬㲿˲ʲô⣬б˲ԶˣЩȫѡ
壬Ǹöһˡ˵ﾡǺ⣬Щʣúˡ
ϵŷ⡣
̫ˣһղͶѻɽ
̲ס룬۰ЩӣǲҲôģ޾ϸʵʩ
鲻ϣְż
һ׸ʾżǼʧ֮ĵڶ죬ʱϺɺϡŷڼǰҴ򿪿
һۣšΪʲôҪң
ϢҾԲˣ̫á
֪ü˵һֻΪòϢϢԼȡϢ
ԺЩ£ҴҪĶҲûôˡ
ţдһվ׸Ѱ顣
鿴꣬̾ȷʵҵһ˲ˡ˵еŷݸ
ţ˼Ƭ̣ͻԭҵȫ̡
ҵͼԼķʽϢ󴫵Ϣ
ϧ֪ϢеϢһģһֻ֣ƾһţϢҲܷټ
ӣڷˡƽ˵
໥һۣ֪ٷԺҪڹЪϼˣļջԴԴϵظ˲ͻ
߹ȥס֣ߣʢǱӦڲˣȥ࿴ŵ㡣
šӦš
ҶȥһۣϢӡպ󣬻㻹Ҫһ;浽սຮ㲻õ㣬ӿס
ͷʡõġ
ʵŲ£߶߶λԣѾȥüˣ游ڹԺԺĻݣù¡ǵÿգҲȥ游ĸȥǹ±Ҷû
š
ĸҲ˽㣬㣬пȥҵ
á
µǼش䣬һƷ˶Ҫ룬ҲҪȥģʲô׵ģ񲿵㽲̡
һνô飬֪ΪҪԶˡĿ߶߶Ӻǿɰ
̾һ̫ˣڣû˰ҴЩ飬һҪڸղʿǡɫɣ
ͷҿ
˵͵Ȼϲ壬ƽһǸˣһ·ż֪ǶĵģԸ˼ǰЩ
ŷ׼ϯչθڣǾµʳ
ĳ˵ϵģÿԶвͬϵĲʮӣַ
ĲˣʱΣķ
÷ǻС꣬һֱһĬĬȴκλر긻֡
һ˼࣬һн飬һ޿ޣһ˼ó롣
鲻Ծء̾һ
þ棬ʵ˲Ͽζ
ҡҡͷصӡ


241 ý 
򱱾ðԼˡ
ټ, ֻһݵȤĺܣָ˴ɵӡ
ҿֺϲңҴˣ˵ձȥץ
æ, κֳųù, ֻܱץס, ¡ģˣһ᷹, ҾͳԲˡ
ʲôι㡣鱧֡
ߵؿһŵˣЦݣſգǼ
֪ɻʲô, Ҳ, , ȥá
ţ鷭ǽȥ˸Ȫ, ϴһķ糾˹ٷȥ
ʱͻ˼
ЩʱҲǳݵ԰ֻǱɢ, û, ӲߡֿҲûΪǣԺɻ
ԴöһӦ, , һһ
ͷ, ʾˡ
һ˰ǻȦͺˡĵһѼҪ
˵ڼʦ͸ˣԼҪԡϢֻһ˳ȥ
䱻⣬һߵػͷ֣Ȼң
ִӻóһֽݸ䣺ǳݵ۽ܺóԡ
ӹ򿪣óһ۽ܱȸϵĸóԲɡţóԣ
ֱ࣬¶һЦ⡣
ֿ֣ǽȥʲôˣ
صԼԼ˶ϰɡ
˶ϣ䲻ֵ˼ôˣ
ûֻǿǳݵļܺÿ´лᣬһȥ
۾ʲô
ذǳһһƣһһ˷ܵһֱץֵĸ첲һȥ
΢΢ͷá
ȥϿ䣬ֵĸ첲֪֪ؾôּ˯ˡ
ĺĽëϣյϦһȣůůġ
ַԼĸ첲Ļس㡣ûЩӣҲû˯á
ıͷϡ
뱧䣬䣬ճˡ
ֵ֡Ļﶯ˶Ժ˵Ӳ
㶣ͷεЦˡᱧһԾ¡ȥң˴ϣǺ˱ӡ
*
ѩϼ⣬ⲽת˺üȦˣҲûŽȥ
֦һ̣˺ɫУӺԺһֱվſǻŵͷ̫ӵ¡
ʲôŴ
֦ص̫Ѿ˯ˡ
˯ˣ̧ͷ˿죬ţɽ˯ˣ
Щţܾǹѩ֦˸ͷ
ϸֲԣ֦ǴӺԺģʱûгѩô֪˳Ѳô˯ˣ
̾һͬ˵һš
֦ţǡ
תȥԻʺ
αð϶ǣԼҲˣԼڱطʷةĴڡȻ֪Լӱ˶ӣԿ϶ǣԼһС
Իʺ»ϲźĴŮڹٴͷȥͨ»ڹ٣æȥ̫ҪϢ
Իʺ˰ѵЩ˲ģϵ
̫ӵµԪڵ
Իʺŵ⣬ֻһ׵Ž̫ӳ롣
ĸ󡣡΢΢ס
Իʺ֣Ц
ǣסԻʺ֣ϡ
Իʺϸիһ£նĴ
ԻʺﾹȻЩʪʵһ£ĸܿˡ
Իʺ΢ЦţвܿˡɺãڳϣûΪɣ
ҡͷǰЩʱոˡ
ˣԻʺЩȡ
ǣԻʺ󣬡ĸں󹬵Ϸʲô֪ˡ
Իʺ̾һ޶ңһµʱ䣬ȻҰں󹬵ȥ˴롣ʣµģ¾ûʲôϢɴ̽ĵطЭ󹬣ʲôҪҲһִҪȥߣ˵ר衣ҲŽ˽㲻ãΪش䣬ǲҳġﵽԹǡ
ͷȷʵӲĵȥϾ鸽һǱ񵹲£ֻǾ񲻺ýսƴ۵ģҪϱ࣬һ⡣ĵŽϱ࣬һ໥˽⣬Ƚ˳ɼȥ˵µıˮɡǳˣϾҪĵܵĶġڻ֪ʱҪ˭ȥϾķ⽮Ҿ£䲻Ҹͷϣǻͩռ˱ˡ
Իʺ֪۵˼»̵ְͩƺǶ뿴ľ档
Իʺ̾һ޿κΡ
ĸף¶֮ɫҽҪͬĸ˵һ¡
Իʺ£֪Ҫ˵ºҪ˶ӣ˵
üƬ̣Ѿ³鱱áԣ֮䱱þȻ̰īİ֮ࡣû̲һ𳹲£ˣ̲ˣ°ǰﱡ°ﱡͳȥˡǰյһĿͲ̰۾õةʢݰ˵ĵңҿһۡԼҵˡ
Իʺ΢΢һã
֣صصͷ
Իʺ۾˺һᣬЩĸÿ궼רϹЩѽСÿÿԼϵǰ£һһƱ
յʱֻŶ治棬˰µЩƱö಻ࡣȴδЩƱǴģ
ĸ׶Լ̰۱£п΢УԻʺ
ԻʺһҡͷҲԼҾ飬˾ھٳ֡
ĸףڳ飬ʢбӻб˿ҲΪԼժԼȫ˴ѡĸڹʧ˾˾պı̾һ
Իʺγѣ󣺡Ǿ·ԼʧƣʺҲһ裡ʱҾ͸Ӳ飡
ͷĸףӣҪо˾빬һˣ˾ԽеϵǵǰԼҵǰ̣ϵھ˾һϡףֻҪ躹ޣǷ֮աǾ˾벻ס
ûм˵ȥԻʺǿס񣬵£˵ԼӦӦԣ
ԻʺѾµҪԣڶĻԻʺг
ĸף㶼ҪȰ˾˰ĿŵóԶЩҹҲҪѿյӸϡ
Իʺͷԡ
ԻʺӦ໥˿ꡣ
л˵


242 Ϳ 
֦Ҷ
ص֮, ǰպ˶Ե˲ùĿи˲ӱ˻
һһ鿴֮£Ȧ˼˵ݸ˵Ȱ⼸, ̲ȥץÿһ鶼ӱȥţĪ̲ʲôֽš
һ, ȥ̲
ƽְµһ˲, 鰸ǰ
ƽֻ۵, ʵƽмûϢˣ
ƽ̧ͷĿɢӦþòŵ
ɨһº˶˲ˣƽһ, 񲻼á
ָ, ˶̧顣
λЩҹ, ͨﵩضˣˡվ͵, λȥϢա
µÿһжһ˲û˵ʲô
λ˻ȥϢաǰˣ˿¾Ŀˡ
⻰һ, ˲ǷӦ, ׷׷е˲ŤŤ, һ, ΢л¶䡣
ظԻ˼ҡ
鿴ƽҲȥϢ
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ɵؽӹ˷صͷţҼˡȥЪŰɡ
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鳹鱱ðը˹˶ϢߵϢȫϢӥ
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Իʺټһ̶ҵ飬ŻûŵŽ
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˵ͷֳһڱ󵽵ǷĶԻʺ󣺡㣬ڹûʲô
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ԻʺڣһŰǰЩʱڹϷ齲һ顣
ܵܣ֪Իʺ̾һҲǲ֪͢ϵĶǽڹҲıΧǻƣֻһҼȫĶĿȨƣҼЩʲôҲ˰
𣬱ΪԻʺڹﻹô죬˭֪ڹϵûԻʺѾǰ
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ǣԻʺˣ˭
ңԡࡢ˵
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˼ù㣬ʮŶˣţõô࡭
õò˵𣿡Իʺǳ⣬˵㣬ôңͿǺͿ
ϥ˼Իʺǰ㣬Ѿ֪ˡ⣡
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ȻԼ˰
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Իʺ˵Ŷͷͷʹѡ
л˵
ÿ6000һ⣬Ҳˡ̱


243 Ϣ 
ʢѾżˡ
Իʺĵ㲦ź֪ļҲʲôö, ̰ûӲĺ̨һ֡
ڸԼҵ汳ġ
Լ˳Ĵӱۣ˭ôıס
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ԻʺͷۻֻܳسȶסԼ
һ, ʵ㣬Լڴ϶巿ʲó
˵ͷ룺ܶûаӡ
òԻʺĿɿڴЩ꣬Լ׬Ӷȥˣ
һɫ㣬㲻ǲ֪, ԼҶ巿ǼĶ, Ǵ󷿵ĶǰʱʱӼõ, ڵ̹ӹܾһգˮ, ò¶ǣ֪һһԼүһǳȥƵأǶĲȾơԼСչ涷ޣĶǻǮ¨ӡ˵, ԼЩ̡̡ׯӡ
ԻʺһԼЩֶֶŮͷ۵, ûһгϢĲ˵ǿʤ
˼Իʺ˵, ʱĸˣ㡭㡭ȾԼҡȾԼҰ
Իʺ󳤳سһ, , ˲һʼΡ벻ģˣ£þȻԼ
ͷȫ㰲ţ
Իʺ󻺻ȥͬԼ˵ǾȫƴӣܴճǶ٣ӡׯӡ䵱涼ҪճһʮǴղԼѡ˭ҵġ
˲Իʺ
Իʺ͵̰ǲ³θһǣ㵱Ը⿴Լȫ嶼ǣȥԼȫȥˣ˵Ҳܴ裡ʱ򣬵ȻܾȼǼٽȥһһȥ٣̫ӵ˵Ǵף
˴ĦԻʺ˼ΡΡ˼ǣԼЩ̰īˣղǮǱҪǣȥ𣿡
ͨʱҲܰԼҶԻʺŰϵǣοڶѱ
˻ǲ˼Իʺϥͷ㣬ҪȥԼ˵
ԻʺԼĵܵܣޱͬ񣬴ͷԷɡοֻͬյˣЩ꣬õĹˡʱԸӯˡǹܽзģȻõĳӣǹܽ޷ģˣ͵һ
Իʺ𽥱ӣǱ¶ˡ
صͷ
ԻʺˣԼ֪¾Ϳˣ֮һҪסˡǰһҪͬ飬һҪáܵܣ£ǶԼҵĸ룬ʵԼڱһҶĺûᣡ
˵⻰бȻԻʺƶʧǰⵥӬͷСҲ޷
㣬ȥ˵˵վҪߣԻʺһȻ
˻Իʺ󣺡㻹ʲôԸ
ԻǸѾͷȥ˰˲֪𣿡Իʺʵ
˵ͷ֪Щ˶ȥذȥ׵ϲȥˡ
֮׸ɾ𣿡Իʺʡ
˳Ƭ̵ǸˡΪһ˳ϽҾӦû͡ذҲھñؾϣӦûʲô¡
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ǣ΢΢Ƿܵʡõġ
ҲôθڣԻʺ󻺻ӣգա
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һԺӺƫƧסլıԵɽλá
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ƽһûôйģϢ󣬱ΪǷֻҪ˿ͿƶϳκϢеϢ㳨ȥ鿴ɡǵ˭ӵ˭Ϣ󵽵Ϊζڡ
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ƽûֱ¥
ϵĲӷľϣһҳһҳţϢ򣬿ȥ
ˣϢʱ䡣ȻѼôϢǵطԱĴ٣߶̼֣Ϣ浵
·ӣһ붼¼ŶϾߵĽ쵽ط죬Ĺپ죬Ϣе
ףΪʲôټĲϢŲһλãű߹ս뽫ϡ
ŵææµµϢˣƽ˵ĻֵͷȥϵĲӡط˺ü飬ûҵҵĶ
̧ټɽߣ˼


244  
òð
ֻƾЩϢ, ໭УϳһµΪһʻС
š
˶йϵ, ǿеĹһǳŷʱҪˡǸŮ齨ǸŮǾ֮һҪո, ԲŻŲһλ߹йϵϡ
Ϣռ̫ȫ, Ϊȫ棬ȱ˰ǰǼ, úġ
Щľţûһء
ڵְľŹپϵͷܳڲᣬΪʲôŷʱڵЩŹپûУһбְεģһŵģΪʲôһϢûмأ
ңϢʱ볯ŷʱôΡ
ǲϢ©, ûбҪ
ΪЩǣĹپȫڲϢϢҪʱϢ, ֱʾ, Ҫɳȥ飡
ƽ˵⹤νϲϲ, Ϊʹ
ʹ
ұ߰ߵĴžϢܣȻһ֡߾ʦӼ
Щһֱڱ߾ײߵĹ߾ʦÿһ͵, ս֡ÿһҶǣס˶ŵĽŲ
ȥӵǸŮ, ֿٳֵǸŮӣǹ߾ʦ, Ӽ
ȻǸһġ
顭, 
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һڰҩȥЦҼҴӦ飬ȥһúʦҵӡ
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˿⣬ֶãͬ˵飬Ӧˡ
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Իһᵽ磬̧ͷģ
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Իһû뵽ԼǮԼĸ飬ôʹ˼Ķ֪ʹҲ֪
ô׵ʹô޷ǾǸôԸ㣬Ҳȡʿɶֹ̰Ĳ㡣
Իݵǡ
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ԻݻصǡϻÿնȥԺȷʵЩĲľ̫ܰЩչ˵úܺã˼ġ
Ժûиʲô鷳ʵԺ̡
ԻݻصҶлԵ飬ԡλǺǾѣټæڱãæǶʡõġ
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Իָ˸ӣǡ
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ԻݴŽ뿪
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ԻҡҡͷûʲôֻǾе㲻ʵ
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ڣڳ죬ж۱ݻԼңҲӲ
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ǳǣʱﺿɥȥԼӹˣ
л˵
죬ĩŬڷܸ°У


245 Ĳ 
Լǰﹷ
簡ԼҶԷ˹, ס˵ĸ첲޵簡ǵҲ֪İ, ﾡЩܼҵ⣬ôٴճһʮӳ
ǰ磡Լ籧סһ߸첲, , ôյóⲻҪǱӴǻ˰
ѽԼķҲס˵ȣҾָǵӹ˰ķô
巿ȺҲȥ, ѾûطˣֻܹڵϣҴ취ɣôǶһģ̫ӵ²ܿܰ
˱ϵķһʹȫ˳ȥ취Ǵ֮໹취ǻҪô취, ҪҪѻʺλø, ̫ӵλø, 취αסԼң
ôһǳ⣬ĸ˽Թڵϲ˵ˡ
Щ, Ŵڹﵱʺ̫ӣڱ˶ٲƣռ˶ٵأ˶ҸŮǻؼҵС檣ԼѼҲܵĲˣָŹڵϵԷǡ硢㡢Ⱥ, ŭ, ǱҲׯ԰ӶҪ̰īûǴʾ£ǿԾޣʱ̲ץ, Ѻ⵽̣Ƶնʾ, ǻûȥЩٻ󣡡
磡˻Ҫȥ˵,
ֱܿǣָŹڵϵĸ֣̰ߣ˭Ҳܱǡǻ벻еԭ͵գ
˵˱˦ȥ
Էǡ硢㡢Ⱥ
Էʵڸô죿ѲҪȥ𣿡
紹ͷɥǻеѡ𣿴⣬ضǸ̫˲Ҷȥ˵İ
һӶǰܼӣЩ̰īӶѾܵĲˣҪӣǱҪѼլԺ̡ׯһ˲ǣôϣ
ҲһҧЩÿ¹նûˣȫСȥ
Ⱥһۣȥ˶ͷ̨Ҳˡţ綼żʲôѵӣֻҪգ粻𣿡
ԷŸǵģҲҪġһʮӣ˵ʮأ
һӣǶͷǸĸɻҪһĿȱһ˶ʮ˭Ӳѣ
Ⱥһ磬⻰԰ɣڷƶµĲϣôǵõࣿʮǴסģôҲʮ֮࣡
һȺʮ͸èըëһ㣬ָȺıķƨ
ȺҲŭЦ磬٣˵ģԳʣǶ٣Ҫ١˵ʮǶ˵ԼµģѵҪ𣿡
Ⱥ䳰ȷ㱾ŭܲüȺ˵Ŀ飬ҪĿӻȥʱûס
Լ֪ʮǴסģûͿӻýͰ͵ġսԺľǸ˵ģһϵȶŻȥӣѾѼҵ׶Ϳˡȥӣ
Ժ̶࣬ԭͶвٻȥ˵ҪҲӣ޾Ҫȷ˸
ԽԽôǮвͨԼҲ֪Ӧô죬ȺŭͷȥŤһ
Ⱥþͱĸߴ㳣ںԺתӹǱҪȺŤһҲûʲô
Ⱥһ־ͶסĲӣƵñϡײĻ̣ûȥȥ
Էķ巿æȥܣߵܵˣˣܵҲǳҪҷ֣ٲ֣˾Ҫˣ
巿Ⱥ㱻֪࣬ǹǽ֡
㻬ڵϴڴڵش
Ⱥ磬ĸ磬о仰˵ҾöӦöҪʮ²ꡣ
Է໥һۣæ׷ʵ⻰ô˵ģ
ȺǣЩȷʵչǣǴӲı˲ٺô룬ǵķĴȥ㣬ĶˣĴȥҴ㡢̫ӰæǴѴѵƱͽˣıúôǵգȴҪóһĶТ硣ҪԼҴһʮǴҪóʮ㣡
ԷȺۣⷬʱòףΡΡߵܵܣⲻʣûдİģҲû档öǴϢѾ御ˣǲٶ𱨰
Ⱥ˫ֻǰϷŰΪΪʲôһҪ˵£Ȼͷ˼ңڱǶԼˡǳ£Ǵڹ档㣬ΪԼöǴ
һԲڱţȺ⻰˵òȫ޵
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ȺգʲôǸ̫ǵѹô£ûѹס˵Ͳ飿ҲǱݵľã̫֪ģȴҲס˵ʲô𣿡
Է׷ҡͷ
Ⱥ˵̫ڳѾˣ²ǲǸסΪԼڹ棬Ը߶һǮӰСǴǮΪ˭Ϊ˴棿ΪŴ棬Ǵٶ໨ʮʲô⣿
Ⱥ⼸仰˵ãʮ
Է໥һۣȷ񣬵£ߵܵ˵ô
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Էɫ
ȺӦö֪ǲܺùҲùǿԳǱʮ
ԷźȺ˵¡
Ǵ󷿸ճʮķֻҪʮɡ
巿ۿǲˣȥʮѹϡʣµʮǶֻҪóʮͿƽȹΣ
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Ϣ巿˵ʲôϢΪ۶٣һֶòֻܼʬڵϴ
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˴û˼ңѷ˽ȥҲ
Щ꣬ڱ̰ī˲ʮȻڹٳְһʺ㣬Ϊ˻ʼ˷һӶƷعľλʳء
Է˴ױ﷭һƱøˡ
˽ӹ˿̾һֻжʮ
Է˲Ǻ˽һģο˻ʺ󣬿ӱްҹػûһڲͼȥƱ
һͲС¡
ԷüʵһҪô𣿡
˵ͷεգҹҲҪʮӣɽڣûաΪǵĺӣҲô
ԷǸģͷվͰóȥˡ
ֻ²Ҳ˰ɡ˷˷ϵԼ
Է˵ôôͻȻ˵Ͳ飬˵ץ˾ץˣǰ̫ڹϢûõ
Էᵽ£ͳ̾һѾӱȥˣ㱾ڱǰͲó裬ټϱЩƣں󹬶Щô࣬Ϊ̫Ӳ֪𣿿ɱ£Ǹ׵ҲΪȵ۴£Ǯϵ֧֣ȻԼңнĵλܳΪĻʺ󰡣˵ԡļҲʲôûþӱ̰ɷ磬Ƕ۳ҪεĶټԼһھϺ̰һʣǵӡ
ӡԷﻻ˸ʣǡ飿
ˣǸˡ˵ڱ꣬ھȱһҲס֡мɶǲдƷԵǲĶ¶ȰҪ࣬ЩһֱھӪ뽫ʿͬͬסЩˣͰˡڼȻʿõĻӣζ۳ŵĻӣ˴λ̫ӵ󹬵ȨڲԱЩҴ嶯֣ʱ
Էøˣԭô¡Ǿȫҵȥˣ̫Ҳδܱס㰡
˵Լҿ϶Ҫ˲ƽϢµġһǴ󷿡հգҿǲˣ˵ˣʵڱסҲñˡ
үҪ˸ԡļ𣿡Էʡ
ҡҡͷ£ȰԼҴ˵İաԼҿǻʶļʲôƾʲôҪ¶飿
ԷЩǵ͢ôֶβ鴦̰īõ飬Ͳ±췴𣿡
˿Цһ֮ʡ췴ô죿ָЩߵĽʿһ췴ֻܳԲ׵ǣǶûʵ´ǣսûпеҲǡƾʲôΪǻʱǣվɽҪ뱱ôѹǳϦ֮£
ԷһҲô
Щ᲻ÿеĵƱ̫ӵгģԼǱڹӾ͸ùˡһΪǳıġ˰ɣֻҪ£̫±ã
߹ȥסԷ˵ļȥϵỨԲסܿˡ
Էҡҡͷ޼漦޹湷ʲôҵķ
˵ţŷүˣүүү
΢΢üԷˣѾ˵úˣôȥ
Է˵ͷ
ŶԷǡ硢巿Ⱥ˽һϷŰı鿴ʱ￪ʼë
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Էһ뿴Ⱥ˼ǰȥ˵
ȺҲƴǣǰһ˸ȭ˵磬£Ǹ缸һ¡ǴӦóͷҲҪʮӣ
˺ûһһᣬ۾һ䣺˵ʲô
Ⱥɤӣˣ˵£㣬Ҫʮӣ
˵תͰѰϵ໨˵ϣǳ⣺˵ʲô˵һ飡
Է类ŵӡ
ֻȺ˸һ첻µزµӿˣظһ飺˵磬Ҫһʮӣ
ٿؼǰֱӸȺһƣȺͷһᡣ
ȺҲŭȻһЦӶˣ磬ҲҪĽЩÿǸТôҲаٰʮӣëϣܴܲ˺ôȴһΰգ
һ֪ô٣ȴ˵
Ⱥ˹ǰⲽӰڵ÷·һѵ
ڹõĶǹƷָ©ǣǶҪϺüꡣհʮӳëëꣿȺﾡ⡣
˼ˣʵǲӦأ
ȺЦ磬ӦҲûӰǾһӶԼҼٿˣȫ϶ͷ̨ˡԼ巿ֻ֣˶һҲ˵ҪθԼڽԼҾټ̳£͹ˡۺþõġʺĸʧ£˱߹ذա̫ʺԼĸ̰īãתҪҪǴȥµʱ򣬳ϾͻһƬȻڳͻ£̫Ƿм֮ʡʺǷмιĸ֮ܡ
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Էһޣæʵֳʲôˣôôżʺдţ
˴ʱѾľƣһ仰ö˵ڰ֣ԹԵ齣ͷ˯·ûѡ
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ֹ֮סطذеһţݺݵãðһֻ侮ʯȻвң
Իʺ¶׹⣬һֳսϣ˺ҧǰƽ
»ԻʺȥϻжƱ
»˸ӣȥ޵װƱľУȻľõԻʺǰԻʺƱ˳ֻʮ
ԻʺüЩѡ
ʹ͵Ķ񸮳ⶼġ˽ʹ͵Ķȥӡ
ᵽȺʮΪЩÿТж˵Ҳһӡ
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ڸҪͣµҪ͡Ƕʱ䣬ں󹬵ĸص߶һ飬ҪԼߣһʲСĿ֧
ԼĶȷʵأЩں󹬴㣬߰˰Ҳɢȥˣﻹõóôӣ
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л̫»վ̫ȥ㲣岻ʣ
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ǰһ֣ѩã򣡡
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֦ڱϿţһС㣬С㣬ôˣôˣǡҩ˷Ӧ𣿡
ҩѩѵ̧ͷ֦ʲôҩ
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֦ҵȥ֪ͨڹ٣˵̫ˣҪʺڹȥ鷿⣬顣
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ѩԻʺʱܼʵȰʱһɻֱӿţһƾʲôҺӵȥͲϲͲԸţˣƾʲôҪҵĺӴҶߣιҰıеҩҶˡҶò˺ӣ㻹ҪоҲŮˣҲйӣΪʲôôģ
ѩȻֱԻʺ䣬ʱҪѩɥ֮ʹ˻ȥ
ԻʺҲǿŭһεģţѩΪðڣΣգ㻹ᣬûˣ㻹ٻһӣܻеģ
ޣѩһĭµԻʺ°ϣȫԼ̫ŭٻһ˭ģ̫ӵģΪҲ֪ʲô⣬ͲϣеӣͲϣҳΪδĻʺͲϣҸҸΪڳ֮͢רᡪΪԼҾôģãİڻʺλϣ̫ӵλϣԼôôĵ̰īôӣڶ·ˣ֪ˮȻˣҲǾʹҵĺӡôһɱ˰ŶˣǲҡôأԼҵ黹û䣬ûڰ֪Ľĺӱ̫ӵִˣǲ²᲻ڰ¶ߴͷ簡
Իʺľû뵽ѩȻͷȥİδԽ̸֮ϵ顣һֱΪһĺӡ
ˣѩǹ̳ĺӰôܶԳ͢һ֪
ѩѩԻʺͲټѩֻܺذô붼УȰԼò¡ĸģȰѺĸһ¶׷⣬һа٣
ѩԻʺӣֻúЦԼˣ뵽ˣʺ̫ӵλˣ뵽ˣͶеҩʱô벻ңҺӴʱô벻ң
ˣ󵽵ǳסˣ˹ѩֱԼĸ䣬ĸվ̲ĵģ
ԻʺΪһ֮ĸȥдɶΪ̫ӣΪĶӡҲϷѩ仰Ϊ˹ѩ룬ѩ飬ԼĸҰѹһͷ
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ʧ˵ӣҲģѩ̣ԻʺĸڮٵⲻǣʱĻ
ߵŭǳ⣺㲻ҪĸΪĸΪ˰ģ㻹Ҫô
˵Իʺ澹Ȼصؿ
ŭʤʧ˺ӣҲѹȥ˭棿Ҷ̫֮λĸ˻ʺ֮λΪ̫λûȣ
ѩʱڼƽ̫֮λʺ֮λ̫֮λʱĻ䣬Ц浱ϡ̫λ𣿣д飬϶ǲ˶԰ɣôްɣԵˣ̸
ɴ۾ѩôҲû뵽ѩȻҪ룡룬ҲУ̫Ҳһˡ
㣡ŭ
Իʺ״æȥѩѩ£Ȱ˵
ѩ־ͰԻʺָ򿪣ԻʺȻ˳ľԼײ磡ͷľ顱һֱӰײڵء
󿴼ĸ״ˤ˳æǰȥԻʺ󣺡ĸףĸף
Իʺ̧ͷһײˣȻĿ
̧ѩֻѩһԻʺ󣬺޻ڹ֮⣬ŭʤã޾ޣҺ뱣סھҪ֮㣡Ӵ֪ѩˣ˭Ȣ㣡


247 Χ֮ 
̫Ů
Իʺæס, һȥһȥҪ˵Ҫ˵ѩҲǹģǹģ
ѩЦţûʺﾹȻҲǸϷӣֶûб, ϷһһÿԼȥײ磬Ҳܼ޻ϡĪ˵ϳ̥ҩ, , 㣬ô׵ˣ
ѩ˻, ƱģȶĻͷ
Իʺסӽѩ޺ҵĴҵĴ߰ɣúҲʧ˺ӣŻˣǲҪˣһеѩ˵գ
˵ʲô, ԻʺӲǰˡ
ѩ޺޶, ˸, ɻ˴ϣֹסش۽ǻͷϡ
йɵļѹڼ, ֻһߵᣬһ߸ֱʹࡣ
֦ߣѩѪ۵С, ȥҽ
ѩס֦, ˵ߡ
֦ڸ첲ϲ˲С㣬Ҳ, ҽŮȥҽСȵң
֦æȥſһ㽻õСŮ, һҪȥҽ
ȻԼһЩ, ڹѩĴͷС㣬Ե㶫աҲҪġ
ѩס֦֣ҡҡͷ֪Īĸ֦ϣҶʺ󣡻ʺ󵽵ˣ֪ֻҪΪ˵ѳ滰˵ˣͻԭĸ׶µе顣ΪʶĸǲẦġǶԣˡĸ׵ģԼʹۣû˿ԷסԼס
С㡭˵ˣЩɣ֦۵ֱᡣ
ѩҡͷǸˡҶǶԣľֻǸˡ
ûһᣬҽˣ˿ȻһޣȹѩѺ˲½ȥ
ҽԺѩ˾ҩѩˣ˯ˡ
һѩ˯úܲãһӵĿ涼ʵޡ
֪Ǿĺӡ
ƴܣƴңûҵӡ
ˣ޵ֿˡ
֦ڴߴϹѩжæԼĶ۾չȥʵС㡭Сˣôѽ˯˲ʱ
ѩ֦۵ǲһ޶ûۣ
֦ҡͷ
ѩ˯һɣû£붯Ҳˡ
֦ҡͷҸղСĴ齱˯һСᣬˡС㣬˯һգãлٻӵġ
ҾԼûϢѩ֦Ц˵ôݣһᵽٻӣһֻҪĺӡ˵ǲررûϢ
֦ҡͷСϲ̫ӵ£ϲȥˡСС㣬Ҿ֪Ȼ̫ӵһǧһãһСϲġ̫ӵ´С˵ѣǲǣ
ѩ֦ô˵ȻЩ泩ˡ
֦Źѩ֣С˼ڱźô꣬ô᲻֪ءС붫ô꣬ʱ̫ӵ̧淽㿴̫ӵЩ添ãȻԴ׵ȻߡҲġһΪ̫ӵԼĺӡΪ̫ӵ¶Щ添ĺƭСǰֻкûƭСһֱΪ̫ӵ²С˵ѣΪһֱ㡣£̫ӵԺƭСȥ̫ӵƫҪСԵɽˣСԼǲСڹʱԽԽ࣬Խ̫ӵ´㡮桯ܿɹġ̫ӵ´С㡮桯СϲС㡣Ҷá֦ʲô׵ġ
ѩȻ᣺ǣ֦ʱϣҪôʵƭһƭңҿһ£Ҳм䣬ôʹࡣ
֦ûϲ˭ǿŹѩİ飬дࡣûʲô÷ٰοѩֻ֣ϣůһЩľůһЩ
*
ߵʱԪϢˣȥҽԺˣ²
Իʺںǰѩӵ飬ҹʹĶ
Ϣʱֵıֻ΢΢ͣһ£ϢīڣЦڹϣ飬̫ʺѾ
īʵҪūȥϢ𣿡
ҡͷأǲ̫ӼҲҧˣοǲӡҪˮܣǡ
*
һ磬ŷ껻һװŮȥ
ȡϵİߣ˿ЦѦʦҽ˲ã۾ϵĶ̣ۿҪˡ
ͷЩ˼лһ˼
۾ϵĶ̣ԺɱôɵˡΪԶֵ֪𣿡
ͷԺ󲻻ˡ
ױ̨ùۣ۾ϣ÷۸һǰգû취󹬣ֻίװŮ
Ļ
ѷϣֻԵĺɫƤ͵࣬ص˸һڵķְͣѶڵһ롣
򵥵װ磬꿴ȥѾһֻˡ
ǷߣҲѷɫ˵ǳˮʥޱȣǵĺ
ʱ꣬¿Լգ̲סȻ¡
ڻ˵ˣôֿޡ
ûС걧סҾǾãá
ƭ˭أҴ㻹ޣЦˣ㰡Ǹ֣˻ǰ顣ʵҲ㣬ʸ˵㰡ҵ飬Ҳû취ͻֺοȰ㡣
æֹס˿ϵɣվѼױ̨ǰ׼ɣǻҪȥҵ밲𣿡
˹װȥ˻ʹ
۴ٴΣϲװַĴ䣬ϣֹסҪһյô
ֺеĳһʱغϡĳһ죬ҲһԼﱧԹ̫ˡ
ںСʱ򣬾ͽʹ
еĳһ񱻵ȼ˻ʹ֮Ĵʲô֮һꡣ
ǸЦ⡣
ĺȻͣһ£Ȼ
Ȼ󡭡Ȼͼǲˡ
ŵˡѼʵæ
˷ûͿڹ
Ѿ˹ٷһɫĽ£֣ӭеĹâԾ
ŲعͷߣǣҸһȥĸס
ʶȥΧеڹ빬Ůһǵͷûһ˸͵
ǰߣʵôˣ
Ҹһ𿴿ĸ˳һȥ΢΢ͷ뼾ľ룬ҽڽ֪ѩ̥ˣࡣ»û¶ȥѩΪ㡣
һͷ˼һȥ˶Ҫô˵
³԰ٻţ硣
鳶˳԰ǲǱÿˣ
ţ̧ǰһƬ¼һشصľۼһǰ¼Ȼٻɫ»ƲӲӵһƬ
¼ǹġסɫϡС˱£游Ųóȥ
һͷ
飬Ҳٴֻҵȥ뼾һʱ⡣
ȺЩ𣿡
ͷöˣֻҪתůͻһЩ΢һЩ·Ҳûйϵ˵ʵ·ڻָ
һ̲ѾȥץˣӦ֪գ
Ӧһڹľƺ΢ԲǾͻúܱұȥ̽̽ѩĿڷ硣
ͷʾ⡣
ں󹬣Χʱ·ĹŮڹ١ҲйŮڹԶԶظţҲ˵ֻǾһ·ߵҵ
󹬵ڹٶɹģ䶮ɫؾȥҵͨ밲Ҫ
ҵΪӭ뼾¶æ
ؾ˾ϵ뼾
ȻѾָλݣڼش˿ʵŴ绹ΪͷϲκλƽʳҲիҲ
ż۵ϲæ֣
˿飬˹ȥȥա
߹ȥǣ࣬żһЩˣһЩο˰һߡ
Щʱգˡͬ˵ˡ
˵ˣ
顣
͵ҵ¡£Ҷͬĸ˵ˡ
ͷﲻҪᣬⶼȨ֮ơ밲ûʲô
ü΢
ȴ̹϶ˣһ飬˵ڶû±Сǲģ
΢΢ͷȥֱߵĲյ
Ц˵ʲôҲûϵýȢȢȥģ
΢΢죬֪Ҫô仰˵ںݣ·˵Ķϱ
ʱһ̵ģڼߣǹĵġ
Щ֪ӦôӦЩĿ顣
ùã°ɡ
ʵ࿴ۼ˼Ҳٶūȥ׼š
ͷʾȥֿ⼸ΪҪأԶԡի䣬շ㡣ի
Ҳ
һȫأûθڡ
֪ĿζЦ飺ի÷ǡ
ӣЦˡ
׼˵Ĺʲôνȥѩ
֪ˣ
ʵЩϢĮģʵʲô֪
ͷѩǺҿžϲ˵۾ǲƭ˵ġ۾һϲʵ
˵ת飺񳿣Իʺҹҡﻰ˼Լϣڱ̧ܹ֣Լһ
Իʺʱвãüý
һ֪ôģ˵ʵ¡ĸ˵һ䡣
ף̬Ǩͣ˵
ĸã˵ЦñеΧ֮ߡ
Ȱ˵Ļ˵üޡ
һðޣ̫ʵĶŮȻŮӲϹʵߣȷʵ˲顣
˼
ü˼˵仰⡣
֪Լĸ׸Լ˵仰ȻΪ˻Իʺ˽֮顣϶б˼Ż˵
Ȼ֣صصͷĸ£ӻῴŰġ
֪ƢԣСϻۣ»ǹȻġ໰ֻҪԼӵ㲦߰ˡ
֪ԼȥˣҲٶԡ
ʱ˵ǷѾںá˱һȥ÷
ԷʱҲûԼҵ顣
Ϊ˲չΣԷʱᵽҪеļش䡣
ҲҪ룬Ϥص̡ظ˵̡˵ϸǵ棬֮˸ǰ
࣬Ļˣ
һĸڸǣðϣܰѶе·ˡǹǽɳʲô޷ԤϵӰǺļƻ
ͷǡ֮ϣԵ֮УΧҲΧֻΧ棬һ棬Щܱ֮ŵϣֻиһ·ЩʿŲ𷴿һֻҪսⲻǿǳؾͱȻᱻơԼھǡܱ֮ǰǵ·ȫˣǱܲķֱ˸
ĸ˼ǵȫĿԼǿ֮ĩȷʵҪĵˡ
߱Ӧţ顣
ʹ֮󣬼ЩĬԣ֪ϲÿνߡ
֪ԭҲǿʯ·ϣֻżָһָ澰
һֱĲɡ
*
ʹĶ棬λԤʾ̫糯һ㣬ȽȽ
פصŷż͵ϥأʰū¡밲
פ㣬ȥ˳ҵ˵̫ұˡ
⻰˵ڹġ
ſפصڹһ̫ģʱһæ̫ӵ²ڣūȥ֪̫ͨӵ¡
ǸСڹһۣʣʲô
Сڹٻش𣺡ذµĻūï㡣
ïڹ١̫ӵ²ڲȥ̫ȥ̫ͨ
ïڹٶͷѾǺգ棬ֻܵͷȽȥѩ˳˸Сڹȥ֪̫ͨʺ
վڶſڣŶΡͥǸСڹӦȥ֪̫ͨʺˡǡ
ҡʹڹٶֻ֪Ҫӣǣ֪ͨģǾҵǡȶϻǲ඼˵ˡ
Ȼûһᣬïڹپͳͷ̫õȥ


248 ıʿ 
ıʿıʿ
ɹŮ, ѩϼ֦ǣ֦۾ֺ, 뼾˸ȻС㡭ˡ
æǰȥ, ϵ, ֦ᣬʵô޵øһһ˭۸ˣ
֦˵, ֻһֱᡣ
æһȻ򣬶ߵģżʵѵ۸ˣ
֦ͷС㣬£˵ɡ
֦뼾˽ȥ˲, ˿, ΢΢ͷʾȥѩ
֦˵֦, ȥ濴̫ӣ̫ӻ, ҡȥ˵Щ强
֦ͷͳѩϼ⡣
ߵ䣬ѩڴϣ, ȫ, ʱһĵ߹ȥ, 㡣
ѩ۾, ڴ, ˻㣬۾
ѩż˺һŷӦⲻǹˮǴˮ밲ġࡱ
ѩѾûмˣڲʱֻǿˮƵҲ̲ס¡
Ҫæȥͷø߸ߵģҶ֪ˡҲҪ̫ģסӣշ
ĹˮôؿһҪطǡ
ǰŮӣײǹˮ
ѩЦһʵ֪𣿡
ûСֻȴ˰µĶҾ֪ˡ㡣
ѩͷĸײ֪á
㣬²һֱŵġ׳綼Ҫ֪ġѹѩ
ѩ˼ãżʵ´𣿡
΢΢һ㶣֪ѩʲôֻܵصйܣ´ҡ˵ϺãҲ˵ϲá˵ţѹܼҵȨԻݣʵԼҲڷҰա
鳣ϰ䣬Ȼ֣ҲǼõģѩ˵˵Ҳ˵ԾزĿ俴ȥκ絲סߡ
ѩһȻˡ
üڶò𣿡
˴˱˴˰աЩ˵ϻЩͲˡѩһʼõ飬֪𣿡
ͷ
ѩʵµӣ졣ðܲܡڹҵϣԼһ棿
Щãʱˣ㻹Ҫ̫˵
ѩϣ˵ۿЩ䲻ףҲĿʧȥһС
㣬ģδ顭Ҫ˵ʲôڹٺ̫ӵ¡ʺݵ
ſڣȥȥ
ѩһ̫ʺˣĲãͷ棬档
վ΢΢Ƿĸ硣
ߣĮʺ̫ӡȻ㴹üŵ棬һԲ
΢УЩĵؿ˿֮¹ѩˮ˵ʲôҾСĶҲġ
໥֮󣬾һƬĬ֮С
鲻˵ǺݺݵضԻʺһʱܷģ
Իʺƽ֣ȿʵţ
ףڳҵùˡ
Իʺͷ˽㣬ܿҪʹȥشˣﶼիҲôԵù߰գ
ԻʺȻǲ˵ѩȥʵҲ˵£ǹѩţΪѩϵãͱһֹ
̫ӵ£Ȼڣҽ飬Ҫôͣ
һ̧Զԡ
Իʺæ˵ǾǸ⣡Ƕ֪ѩѾС
ʺת̫ӵĿ⣬ԻʺټĶټҽԺû֪㻳У˵ȥ˭ţ
Իʺ󱻼ʵ޻˵ҲվһԲ˵
׷ʣ֪㻳ҲͰˣΪʲôһӡʹ棬Ҵҽľûм֪˭ҽ㣡
Ǹ⣡Իʺʣһŭ˵Ҵģôˣ
Իʺæ䣬ҪϽ͡
װһȵ飬ʵ̫ӵΪδҽ㣿
ʺֱĸ䣬˴治֮٣ѲɻҪһһش·һûС
һҲǰһʺ·ϣΪ̫Ӳ£ñʥãҪڶﶯ֣ѵΪϸ𣿡
żھ·ϣ
ǰһѼĮ˵磬ǿŽʧ˺ӣѹŪԭίԣ̫ĹҲˮƵϡɣ֪̫ڲԣбԭǰ֪絽Ϊʲô̫˿࣬أ
鱾ͱ߳ͷټϳھӪ뽫ʿһȦϰ䡢Ȼ˶࣬ǰһվ͸һɽһѹ˹󲻸
룬붯ֻ֣־ܡ
󿴼ǰһʶغһϾͶˡ
ֻܲͷصƣҪҺ롭
Ŷ
鵹Ǻ⣬ѩôӣȻܱƵ˵仰
Իʺ״ڳһûڵģҵĴңҲڽǡ
Իʺ˵￴飺õֵòɿѾ̰ۣżѩ˵һ˵취˭֪ѩƲ̫֪֮һ˵һ𣬾̫Ҳѩ£ûֻŻŻ˭֪ûסʧ˺ӡҹҡ
鿴ԻʺһûڵģﻰȴеƸѩʵȻǸ⣬Ϊβ֪֪ͨ
Իʺص򲻿ɣǧñ֪
һֱڱϿԻʺϷҲ̲סſʵΪβñ֪
Իʺ˵֪ΪʲôȻһ飬ֱ鼫죬оȻԳ˿˿£ȥɲʼĴ£
龪ͫ΢ʼ
пһ£֮ǰѩʧ˺ӣͷֻһ㱻ˡ
ܾԻʺ󲻻ô˺飬룬һͷȻˡ
Իʺʲô֪鲢֪ضԻʺʵʲô£
֣һۣʾҪ׷ˡûʶɣֻ΢΢Ŀ˼һۡ
κζֻдһɡ
Իʺ͵ʳ仰ôܷŹᣬߵ϶£һ֮ǰģһһ󹬶̫ӣͲ̫ӵģ
⻰ͬһףըڶϿա
û뵽ԻʺΪԱ鶼С
Ҳû뵽Ҫôֻ֣ݳˮ仰е飬ָԻʺŭҽ㣬ҽ㣡ҡҡҸƴˣ
Ȼüȥƴһһֻļϣһֻסؿڻ
Ѿˣȥ뼾˵ѩ̥飬ֵǣѾ뵽յֿܡ
һֱ侲ʺѻ˵ꡣ
Իʺ˿һգ̫ͩڳҵſڼ档վ磬ͩųѾƵͷ˽̫ںﴫб۵ģҲɲҲš
ץס첲˫͵һˣ¡
ôҲû뵽¾ȻĿǣͩ
ԻʺһڵȴԵһԷΧȻһ
뼾סˣ֪صһ壬ǲضˡ
ڴϵĹѩȻ̸⼸̫ķ̰ġϷġˡ
ԻʺҲľر۾ڴϡ
ʱ˿ʣΪʲô޵ۻ಻ĵط
鿴һԲѩһһȻԻʺͽɹʶһ¡
Իʺһʤߵ̬뼾ʵ˵£ôҸ¡̫ʦ˵һǹҵŹ֮һǶŮˣһǶڻڴҪǴȥ±ŭϳҲҪΪ²ܷ֮ǰ¸ո빤ҵŮһ£ҲҪʹա
ô£û֤ݣҲҴ۾ūôأˣ
Իʺ󻺻Ҫʲô֤ݣһͩӹźڹٹŮǶġ̫ƲڶϢֳ˶ȥҵҲ˿ʵڳҵſڼһ棬ǵʱͳʳȥ֮ϵȺŮҵġ̫Уţ֪ʱ䣿
Իʺ˾ҪѹѩͩһɱҲżˡ
侲ʺ⻰˵úûҽ͵飬ôڹô໰һգ˶ӣй֮£ҲƫƫѡڳһⰡߣҽ㻳˼£ҽԺôҽʥֻȫʺﱾж֮ΣòϳЩڵ½ˣЩ˲׽Ӱ
Ӭ޷ĵ
Իʺ֪Լûȷ֤ݣҲûû͵֤ݡزͩͬĸֵܣǵѪףҲ߶ܡߵͩϣٺʲˡ
Իʺ˿֮ǰͩնס˼𣿡
˵ƾֱۣʾ֡
֣˻żվš
ԻʺЦǰҲÿ˵ƾɣǰ̫ŮйֵĵйֵϼһɡϾеԵɣֻ֦һ
۾ʺҪ𣿣
ԻʺĻǲ׽Ӱ飬Ҳʲʲôʲôأ
ūȥ
֦վãԻʺȻ̫ͼƽϢǴ̫ӵ飬еķŭͳܣֻš
Իʺǻʺһѵһԥѩȥ˽
һˣôϻʺλãһˣô˵Լĸ£
ŭʹ֦ڵϣ˵ʺȻҪūūȥ̫ס
Իʺ΢΢ף΢
Ȼ£ûǽաϾ¹ػɽй֡
Իʺû뵽£Ȼöֻ֦ѹں󹬣ûֵǰͥȥ
˵ûȷ֤ݣʲôţһûС
й̶һ֦У֦֦Թѩҳ϶ȣ̣͸󲻳ʲô
ԻʺЦˣôпССŮ
ֵֻһ֦϶ǲģĸߵīȾҪһϾٻʺ˵ˣ£¹شйڻʼ棬š̫ߵ֦ĸߵīȾ͹˵⻰ĹŮڹٶҪйһһǣ
飬ô⡪Ȼ˫¶û֤ݣֻЩҪôԼɢҪôͰִֵ˾֪ͩĸĸҽ̫̫ĸҹһ£
ԻʺкѾס˹ͩ飬ʵϣһ仰˶ˡ
ôΪһЩ׽ӰͰ̫ͩϾٻأ
Իʺ̫ѹأǱá
²Ҫġ
Ȼʺû⣬ȥµּ⡣˵ձҪߣԻʺＴǾס̫ĺӲģҲ
ڲٱտڲԣĸûб˼ǿԼΪñ飬ܰæ
󣿡鿴󣬡ȷ󣬲вƤһƣĸҲǣڱõԼ飬Ǳ෽ԻΣƫƫѡһķڿסˣŰѡַ˳
⻰µûģԻʺһʱҲ֪ô졣
ʱԪ̫ӵ£ղʿղʿ
һǺ
Ǻسסĳۡ
֮ǰ˵ƣȻֹиڱָԵʡ
ĺƷ뼾ϥ̸ƶ˻عıԣӹʼ̫ʺһͻᱻǵʱ̫ΪԻʺô̫֮λ᧿Σ
ɲ룬Իʺܷ󲻽û磬Լոһȥ˼
ŻԼ붫֮ĹϵֹԼơ
ڱðǣǻʺĸңֻҪǰƳɹƣҪԼڧ󳹵׶̫֮λ
ڶûдﵽԤڵЧƣҲԻʺһҸϾɱ
ӲϢĸϢʾǸֹ̫Ĺؼ
Ҫ®ɽĿˣЩš
˵ıʿôıʿһȻڶܾѶ³֡


249  
˺ܼ֡
뿴, ֹ̼ƻĺʲô£ԽⶫԻʺ֡
̫ӶղʿղʿĹٷ, Ͳʮͷͷȥ̫Ӳ, ǽĸӻǲЩ
༫ͨ, 顢ͩĳüĳְȺͻ˳ûͨڸм
һдͨӽѩϼ, ܿͲ̫ԭصЩ滺
˲ǵ֮Ȼ߿һۡ
һ˶󣬼ûԵɵһֳˮţֵ֪һּһ˷ܡ
ǹؾص֮󣬻밲̫ӵƲ鷿, ΢лҪͬ˵
һͰĸ첲סҲҪһ˲¹ͷĵط
, ȵɺ
ͺ۾˵, ĺˣҪ, ƽ¡Ҫһڳˣ
üûнӻ
һ񣺡Ҳ鷿һŰգµġ
û˵, ˦ȥ鷿żɺȥ˶鷿
ȥ֮ǰԪ˵Ԫ, ׼ˮЩ
Ԫͷ, ǺϷű˳ȥˡ
ô, ǵһ, Ҳǵһμ鷿
鷿ΣΪģһţұһšԼǷղʿ£԰ôӡ
ѼȥʾҸλ£Լǿ˵ղʿлֱ˵գ黹ܶ࣬Ҳеúܡ
΢΢Ƿŵ΢ǸֱĿģµգǸģ΢㲻ˡ΢˵ǣõ飬ҪһԼҡ
Իʺû˵ĻȻһղʿֱ˵˵˳뼾Ҳɵø߿˺һۡ
ϾҪ˵仰˵֮⣬Ҫк󻰡
Цˣղʿ˵˵ΪʲôʲôҪԼҶȹѹأ
ҲòЦ鱱ðϿΪ˼̫ʺĸҵʵΪպ󱱷ͨϱ֪΢ԣǲаµ˼أ
˵ʱ򣬹۲һı飬һȻ飬ӽ붫ʼû۲첻ʲôֻܼ˵΢룬ڱפذ֪꣬ϵġ񴯡֢֮ڡ԰ᱱãȥҪ챱ٳΣӮñһģȥж֮ӣʵ˼ȷʵļ򵥣ֻǲϣԺ󱱷ʱ򣬾ʳ˰·أ˴Ӻǡ֪΢ԶԷ񣿡
˼ͽ˸£˵
µ˼ǺõģֻҪϸѰ֪ѿرٳеƺϵ˶ֵûȫһβɾˣһҵľ棿ЩСļ忴嵹̨ѵûȡ֮ģȡôͻһķȺԵҾ֡
˵£鲻ûпǹֻû롣
Ŀأ˼ǣ屻֮˭ϣ²ܱ֤պ󱱷󷽲Լ˳⣿ٳһˣһȺȥ˾Ϳ˲סġ
£鵹ûѡ
һԵļҲ΢΢ɫǹطȷʵǵѵ㣬ȻܹϤûסٳ
ϤˣҪΪѵĵ̸С
˲С
˼뼾һ΢΢üʵô˵ղʿ⣿
ȭ΢ԣڵЩƫ̻Լңȷʵ뵽õķȥһԱպ󱱷˳
Цղʿô⣬ȥһ˭Լңղʿ᲻֪ԼǱð̰īİգ
ͷģҲ˵ԼУġȻļҲƽ޹Լôࡣ𣿡
˵仰ʱεţٲ죬ÿһ仰ȴʯһ˿һ㣬Ӳڡ
ȶס֣ҪԼȻڱ̰ī࣬Ҳ˵ˣԼڱƺ˹ؼáھð֮󣬵¿԰Լҵȹ̱ĹߣôطϼӷʡĹգ̫ӵԻʺѾԼ˻̰īһʮӡԼμǱˣҲԪˡ΢Цʣ¼ӵӥӰӥգ˫һҪһϷͱȶ̡۰뵱һҪסˡ
û˵ֻǿź˼ԣԼڱô꣬ץסᣬȵɾԼڱеĵλ
ԼڱôãҲûаѱٳȫסȻûаסԼ֮ǰŬڻҪȥϺͷ
£΢֪ҪոһͳһֱǶǿĶ֣⻼̫ӵµںġִǴϣ΢̫ӵ»ֵܷġںĲƽǱ֮ҡȵһ¹ԭһһʧȥأݳǲô׷ǰ´͵ϮȥɽӪһԱ󽫡ټϴݳ賤ڲţҪͣЩʱաٵ＾ݳήţ˶֮գϢ˰꣬ȴΪðںģʱһ£򱱾һֲʱ򱱾ӦսԱװ΢˵Ҳġ
鲻磬ֻʵԼңкοԣ
򶨵ػصƾ̫ӵ£̫ӡԼҾͷȥ
˫£ϸϸشĦź˵ⷬ
ȷʵ̫ӣֻҪʲô飬Ȼ̳λ
ĸԼ̫
ֻҪ̫һ죬ͲԼڱսϳⱱΪĶսʲôأʧģǶأء
ٲһ㣬пܻӱ£֧ȡʱ˵Ǽ̳λˣܹܲͳ֮¶⡣
ȻǾԼ̫֮λ꽭ɽںġ
ټԼԪˣֱ̫֮֮Իʺպ±ضСĽ
鿴󣺡֮䣬Ҳο԰ɣ
鶢ϣϸŵ
飬Ĭòŵʵһʼûҵ̫֮λǰɣ
üûлش
һʼֻΪ˼̳лүү־жո֮ΪҪλãʵбģͱ׼ս֮£ΪǹңңйʵΪ˷ĸҵΪТڳ鱱ðʵڴѹԼʵΪ˴ͨպϱΪ˶ֵԻүүĳŵ塣ͷʼͲһˣС֮ĶȾܾ֮ԣֳһЩ£Ūɳ׾ûбȨϣֻҪ㣬ƿסľܣûϹսЩûгĸ飬ԼǿӲֶǿǣҲҵġһ˰ʱ׵ĵ
⣬Ŀⲻ֪ҵ̫֮λģֻҪ㲻յ˼ұ㲻ᶯ㡣ʳԣҡ
֣磬⻰ͲҪ˵ˡǲ̫ӣ²ܾģŸû˼
ôңԼңü顣
Ƕһ£Ǹƹܵ£˭˭˭˭ɸ˵㡣˵ңµȥ˵Լһһʮӣ׾ͻᷢ䡣
ü«ʲôҩ
ǺȴѾǷл㡣΢ȥдһӣʥá
鲻ػֻǿ󣺡ǧ˿ƵĹϵ绹Ǻúΰ̫ҰաȻ²ܾʹˡҹﻹ£Ͳˡ
ҪߣȻһ˶
û飬ֻǿˣվߵĺ֪ӦΪλҪͬ˵
ûϴӦԼһʵѾϿҵ˵ȻҲǣҪͬ⡣
һ˵̫ӵ£΢˽ⲻ˽ܵԭ򡣵ΪµĲ֣ÿһ΢µÿһ壬Ϊһͳ̳ȵ־ˡ
ڲϿɺ뷨ǰǰ˵Щܾ㲻ڻʳǣʳڵڿȷʵСˡܲһϸġ̫ӡ
Ƿ̫ӵ²ҪԷƱ֪ãǵ֮ߡ»е֮ʣڼҲ޷󼰵顣ð֮󣬵ͣٳҾ棬ֻ̫õ̫ӵվдһ½еϵһҪдպ󱱾սһֻҪ²๣¾һԼһӴԼΣֿɽ⡣
ͷһֻʣ´ѩķˡ
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ż˹ȥˡ
飺ȥ𣿡
ȰͻȥǸˣô
̾һܼ֡˲һĴԴֵķҪǿһٱ
⻰Щˣ˻
ϢԶϢ󣬵ǺȴھðʼĶ̶̰ڣе鶼͸ó̸УͲһ顣
ǰҲòͬĻ˵ٳȫγ˭ȥס棬̫ѡǼ֮¶ûóۣȴѾ˽ۡȥһɱ֤ٳҡ
ͷǣԣȽ˱ٳ⣬ǵ⣬ǽ̫Իʺĺ֮ǡ̫ıʿˡ
㡭һ㶼Ҳ뵱̫ӣĿ
⡣ҾöڻУǸλãû˿Ǹλá
Цˣһ֮֮ϵλãôһĲֵ
λǺҲǣҪһıʿࡣǸǴһ۾;Ϳǵ壬Ϊ˱׼ġѹ˳֮٣ָɰˡ
⻰˵ܾˡ۵Ĵ⣬ĸѵǣҵıҲǷҪ֮أһδɡ
ûҲ֪׼ôˡ
Ҿ㲻̫ǣȻᣬ̳¿һþɳϽ
Ҳ̣Ҳﲻһ˵룬;֮ɫ
ĸ׵ҲǱ徸˷ܱ徼ҵǣűš׵뱻˼Ϊū
¼ȥһ֮йо
ʱ¼ǣ̫̲࣬ҹӰУҲһʱǣ˶˳
ʱѾصĺƷ壬Ѧҽ˳˺ɡ֮ѦҽֳһǮһЩŹپ
ǰ֪Ѧҽôӿˡ
ΪѦҽҽӲҪصĶѣҲǿա
ԴӴ˽ֿ˼֮оѦҽôӿˣͬʦܹҽѦӸġ
ѦӵӣȻֵֿġ
ֿһֱסڻʳʼնԳµȥڵЩܹʵֿæӡ
ϸЩϢ󽨵ô˳ϵԽԽƺ涼ֿĹ͡
磬ֿһֻʶ顣
ûɾܾ
*
Ѿ̲ץȥһ룬ʣµҲԲջ¾Լͷϡ
̲أ٣಻ԡ
γ鱱õԱ˵ǻ¡
˵ֻҪ̰īӾܶĻȥͿ̲СǱ⻰׷ױҲӣҪ
ɱٳԱ̼ҲǣСռ弴ҪҲҲûкʵһԳ֡
һʱ䱱ĵؼۡ۾Ȼһ䣬ЩֻҪ΢ЩӣͿ򵽡
ļǮ˵ף౱İգȻӱЩ
һЩƶİգŵؼôˣҲһκû޷
ڱգԱָơݴ¥ĸ¥֮ϣݽֵ˼
һƺڵʲôˡ
һյĹ򣬾ľ¥Сŵŵš漴һƿŸţһŷ⡣ŷǲϢӡ¡
ӹ𿪣Ϣվŵ˵ط۽ʮһĶҲֻǸպýļǮѡ
ߵĴ˷Ǳ徸һ𳤴ĺӣͱ꣬ʮߣΡ
Щһʶ˲棬ټСҲĸһѧ˷գѾƹܸ̺˲Ĵ˷ˡ


250  
ư
ʱһ˵ʮһĶ, ﻻһ飬ۺϳӴԼǶǮ
Ƭ̣ʵȥ˶٣
λص̺ͳƵ, еһȥɡ
Ĭԡ
˵ӣѵЩô, ҿԶ̺ų, Щﶼɣ
ҡͷԶ̺ŵĴȫóպҪű̵ġ˭֪һսҪáﱸӣʱӰ, ˵Ӫȥ˵Զ̺ôʲô㲻֣Ҳ֣οõѹסеѲ˲Ҫͣ˰ҪԱķòҪĸԷֵĳ̯£
ҲǣȻ˵ӣѾڴˣռ, Ѿ, ֱͿԽ֮֡ǰ, ĵزһĶǮӣڵŶǮ, һˣļǮȥҲ׬ˡ
Ȼҡͷ, ʾͬ⣺׬Ǯ, رʱ̫òʧֻ, ʡһǮ, ûӶչ, ոȵķáټǷ꣬ճɿȥȷʵһһѩ֣￪˶ֲ磬ʱҪͲˡ
û˵ˣĹǱ߾ս⡣
ÿ＾ţ˶֮ʱǱѰʱաԷɵţΪɧű߷Ҳֻܼѵعء
ֻһ磬˶ռҾͿһ絾ȣȫ궼ѡ
Щ꣬ñղʳǿգǱ߹ذؼ࣬ʡԼҵĿ飬תָ˾ӪŻ˱ɳԵľ档
ѣ׷׳أðûԼصĺûᡣֻҪݵİ֣Ĵ̵ʱ򣬾ͲԶ̺򲻵ˡ
ţֵȥϢһˣʱݺеǶӡ
εͷȥ˱Ϣվ㡣
ȻŸ˹غŲ裬ŵġ
ʱ֮λˣŲϢţݸ롣
ţɨһ۵ݵĺе׼۾ȻһһĶ
벻̫״ʱ˿̺йҳ׼Ǯͼʲôʱ˿̣Ѿһƻ
ߵֽѹסһֽͷһĥīһʣҪʲô
͵뵽һ＾ʱļƻȲԼȥأϢա
ţβؿ룬֪ʲô취棿
̧΢ЦⷨҲֻʱȵʱá˸ʱطͲʹˡ
Ȼİ취ʲôǼȻõİ취Ǳ϶õġ
*
ݳڴԶ̺ſڵĸʾһŸʾ
Զ̺ŹӶİ֣࣬ڸʾ֮࣬õõضɽҡõΧ·˶չ֡
Զ̺˾ۼĲˣ̺ţվڸʾϣһ飬ԲͲ״ǰݵװǣһһ
ϵľŸʾƵĵײ˵ĿⶼעŸʾ֮δλݵĸףǶ֪͢ڳ鱱õɣЩ̰īӵ̰һ͢ץ˽ȥĴسǮ͢أظλЩӵĶ˲˰գ
ǣЩ˿ֲ´ڱӦ͡
οӦָͣ˵λ磬棬һǼ︻ͣ˲ȥ˰գ
˼ͷصлС
˺ɵģʱϰһЦ
ֽŵˣݲ֪жأκμǮ࣬ﰡ
ǰǮӣǼֻһĶ˸˻ͷ漴˸
ѽǼҲĶκûôǮ˶ô˵ġ
»
ʾֿ࣬Χ
ſ˵ʱΪԼϼĶкѣԶ̺ŵĸʾҸһ
һ˵鳶ϣʾϿȥ²ʶ֣Ҳ档
𣬵Զ̺ŽߣԶ̺ŶһһϢļǮ裡ǽȥһǶٵ׵ϢʽǮԵʳԶ̺ҲҿˣԶ̺ŵӣԶ̺˵óϵ£
һף㣬һһϢֻʮǮ
ʲôʮģϢҲ̫˰ɣ̺ǮϢ𲽰ξȻһɶûУ
°һ찡ϢǮǽУֻǶŻݣ
һָǸˣ⻰ʵˮƽԶ̺صΪṩŻݽҪóǵѺʣȥӣԺĵԶ̺ŵǼᣬǲϢܣ
һͣʱը˹ҶʼͷԵʣ׬ˣһĶزôҲ嵩װ
ô˵ȥϢʣĵסǶĶöˣӡ
˾֣ңҽ裡ҪǮ
һ˲ҲҲҪ裡
ҲҪ裡
ЩԼˣͷͻȥҼһʱԶ̺ſΧһȦˣҪǮġ
ȼ֮ټ֣άֳԶ̺ſţ̺ŵżûб
ִ𼷱𼷰ֲֻһԶ̺ŲܽǮֻҪԶ̺ţĶԽ谡
ôһ˵ʱʮ˾ϽֵԶ̺ȥ·ȥˣӾͽ費һ
Զ̺ŷǮºܿﴫˣеѺİշ׷ȥ̺ŽǮȥ
Զ̺ڲʮӷ˵˸
һξ͹ȥ졣
ɰﵽɢӻص̫ճҪϵӡׯӡĹŶż֡
±ٳңֲ̼ҲͣϵĶֻ̫֮ҵԶ̺ţ˵һԶ̺ŵӣҪ̡
һʼֻ˵ȾЩ纮˼ͣؾˡ
֪˭סݴ¥ռѡ˼Ĵ¥ݼ롣
ЩﲻеȨ󣬿ݼһ̼֣ѾˡҲǣ׼һ䷿˶š
òˮźţʰһݣ㵽
Ȼ̽˶֪Զ̺ŵӽ룬ɼ뱾˵˲ࡣƹ飬ǽƹȥ졣Ҫ飬ȥ졣˼ˡ
Զ̺ŵ¶棬˶ſڡӰӡڴϣ
ȽȻ롣
յĴ룬ɵõһԶ̺ŵˣ;Ȼֻжʮӣ
ü͵ͷϵĹֻһɫͨİţһ̴ɫĲ£ϵ£üӣûһ
ǶЩһһܣȻǽܵ롣
ڣ΢΢ǷȻ󻺻Լλá
˶ԹķʽڰǰȻϸ롣˶ڲ²⣬ʮͷӣʲô£԰Զ̺žӪôá
ĺһڲ裬˷˵λ֪λʲôҪ£Ȼӱݸط㼯ݴ¥顣
̬ǫͣ˵£ˮ
Ҷ۲ôˣҪ˿˵£հĿͶԷǣϣ˵
ԷЦЦŵǻڴҲΪð飬ϣӳ
뿴ԷǣҲЦЦҪҳλеĵ̡ׯӡŶլԺ֮飬ҵǺԸλæ
һô֪Ϊ£ɵһ
ŵظλѾԶ̺Ÿλƹ棬ˣôû̸£𣿡
ҵĿڵԶ̺ŸƹԸֻԸгɵļ۸عǮҲ̫ˡ
ȻĿ㣬˵̣λѴҺ⣬Զ̺ŸλƹҲԸչгɵļǮλٵĻλɿ̺̼ûгչλԸαԶ̺һϵأ
һ٣Ψͼִ̼֣ҪгɵļǮգӣҪ㣬ѾǸ棬㲻Ҫôߡ
һۣЦúÿλүôô̳һ仰ƣָű˱̸ɵġߣ׬ÿһǮǸϹ˰ĸɾǮ
ЦصŵˣõĶǲɾǮΪǲɾǮý³
밵ĻҪվˡ
˱ϣͰסӲ
ԷŴŴƢ˵Цӱ֣ôƢ֣
ϵĲ豭Ҳ֡Ϊֲλһڲʵλ룬֪ˣԶ̺⼸ȥĸʾѵڰλϵأټҷӡǮϢգһɶûյдİմǮȥϵءЩʱգλϵضѾ߰˰˰գЩȥģ޷ǾһЩɵļ۸գѾǺܸˡиλļǮֻĳɼۣɿɲǸˣ
£˵ʵΪԶ̺ŽǮϵѾĲˣֻԶԶ̰۵
룬һǲٽӴɢҪһõ㹻Ǯǣ̸ֱӡŶׯӡլ࣬һٽǮΪɼۣʵ̫ˡ
ҵǸˣô˵͵ͷǣȷʵԶ̺ŰǵæϻдӡŶׯӡլӣҪ򰡣
üôƽŸλ̼ʱ򶼲ϳǮǵĶˣ
ҿڵֻޣһôࡣ
Цˣ⻰˵ģһϲ桢޶Ĵ⣬ĺΪң˵˻ЩãǺŶׯӡլʲôأҲûȢޣҶûС
һûȢޣմͱʾԼ޵ĹŮӣֻҪԸ⣬ʱԽܸ
üʵģ
˼Ȼ˿ڵġΪ⣬ԼҡҺҵ˻죬˭˭
ڣۣ˭е뵱Ů͵ͬõ˰Զ̺ŵʹȨ
һŲ裬໥̨
ԷǵӰԼҵĹ֪ЩŮӽ̵ġ
ҵһ¾Ͳˣæӣӣ֪Զ̺һֱڱһЩңûУж࣡
⻰еĶ
ȷʵһȢҹɣպ󱱾սһϸ£ٲҪ׼ƥȻڱͶײ̣ûר̯¡
ҵܸȤɫ
æӣǼҹա䡣Զ̺ھѹҿԸԶ̺˵ļ۸񡣡
üҲĶԶ̺ÿѺϵ֧ҲһʲСĿ֧
밵пԭŮӽôô
ԡȥȴһ仰û
˿ڣߵ֪ԼǼʲô˿û뷨
⻰һҲˣ׷׿롣
һֱеȲ裬Թӣ΢Цſǡ
˵ӣ㵽ô죬ʹ컰
һεģλܾԶ̺ŵӣԶ̺Źҹܣⲻ֪ô̺ţҲѰټĵ۹Զ̺ŵ⣬ҵ漰²ǸܵˣҲ¶˶ҵ̳Ƕҵ⣬ȥԱרҵָֻţӲ˵ҲˡϾᣬ飬ҪԶ̺Ĵƹ⡣λ˵Щ£жţмչλӡׯӡլ飬ظƹԼĹǣҴִƹԼľֻҪĩĩɼȶ񣬶ӯնǸλƹԼġԶ̺ŵĹءģľãҼȻأҾͲءλ˵ǲ
˵ʱٲ첻һֱº΢Цı顣ռÿһȭ޻һ޴
չеӣסԼİֻ¶һ˫۾۲ˡ
һʱ䣬ռҲû˵Ƕϳɵˣ׳꣬ʮͷꡣʵ̫ᣬֱֳһԼٱסģһʱЩҲû硣


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ռ໥һ, ֪ټȥ, Ҳ˵ʡ
ȷʵ˵ʵԶ̺Žݵİ, ϵҲô졣飬Ѿ御Ͼһֲ̼ͬĲ֣ǹȫս֡
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ռѾȥһչϵׯӡլӡӵ顣֮ǰԶ̺Ÿƹ׷мɵļǮ̸
ֿ֮󣬶Խ˵ȥߺе, ѱЩֿ̼, Ī˭ʱԶ̺ŵ̨, Ҿзʧߺ, ӡլӡׯӵĻռǮµһ, һмۻա
˳ȥ
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ֿ򴰱ߣŴʢ¼Ϸ󣬲ľʢѦ˵Ǽõġ
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ͷʣӰѺлյļǮôͣΪ˱Щ˰Ѳҵ 
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͢ĿǶмˣǶ˵ʱ򣬼˲־Ȼȫ˳û֪ʲôԭ
۲ﱡߵĿȫǹõĿֱ֮˷һ·Ѻϻ
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ûжԱĿǴĲ
ٳϱץԽԽ࣬Ѿ˲鵽ү˵ͷˡ̲ˣ˴˸סţǲǡ
үѺˣЩ͸ˡ
ڽɱְ񣬴ɱﱡͽѾƽ𣬿ȻûҰ
зιɱղľǱռ塣ռѾҡҡ׹ﻹ֧ƽ
ɱְһĶξɱɹ̿ծռѾȫڼѾ˼ҡ
οЩԾԾԵĽСѾȥ̽ﱡĹףϵĺڽζûа.ͰЩСıסԴˣﱡ书ͱĸû˸ȥﱡ⡣
ŲϢϢŶ롣
ӹһۣЦʤƽȥ֪ͨݵĴƹǣӽչӡլӡׯӵļǮм۵գٹգɡ
ξʵⲻװɣ
еŵݸΣνӹֻдźչѾѹɡ
ڸʱܣݵĿܿҪˣﱡܿҪǻȥ͢͢ҲҪˡо֪ϢŰչļǮѹɡֻҪв̧ۣҲŽۣ֮ǰЩҴսϺ꣬ԳסҪҡ⼸ϱ̺ӣɶˣ
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ݵ޻ãĺҲУӦȥһЩš
⼸ڴ¥ûбԲģػصضĥĻϲ
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ͷϴǿʯɫͨ͸䣬޼ۡ
ϵĽζοյģǳӣ۸񲻷ơ
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ҴүͿǰһѾ;½󣬰ӵŵһȺ彣˲ͰνҴүĲϡ
ŵҴү֡
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ҴүΪ֣ѹ˼Ǯ׷׶̲סҴүʢгǸ
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ӵˣĬţ˭ȿͷͬѼ֧ҵг롣
Է˼û˵ֻȿ˵ͬԼҵм롣
ԷˣԷô˵ͲˣԼҵʲô֧ҵԼҳԵǻЩ˿ɲһǿӣзԣүǷعɲǰ׷ġأֻܿԼ˫ȥǮ˼Ĳҵʲô


252 ƽ 
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ٳĸǿǸԼҹϵ, ſǵΪǰ£
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ҸмǺϸģѺ͵Ļڹٵϣֿ˿˶ӣҵĳׯ, Ķ¶ôƷ޻ϳ, ҵжӪסòʵĴε
ԼҺô̰ī, ǣϸǴε, ·סءƥĸñӪ߱ôԭΪļҵԼҵ𣿣
Է⻰һɫòҰס
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Ȼνͣ͢ô֪ȱ˶ʣ˶ٶ̰˶ӣʱˣǻԼպ⡣
ЦˣΪڲ͢ͻŹˣΪ͢Ǽң浽Ǹʱһɶܲ
еĳŮĽΪΪūΪ澣ʱٺڵΪʲôûбҲɾˣ
üԼҽοΣ
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ɣԶ̺ŸļǮ̫ˣһ̾
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㣡үҪǰȥһקס㻹ͣܰ㸸׾ȳұȥ
Է˼Ƕò⣬ҲټͬǷѿֻ࣬վǵ飬ԼҪȥġ
˵Է˴ԼԴү뿪
ʣµļˣ㿴ңҿ㣬Ҳ벻õİ취
˭Ҳ˵ҲĻԷһ仰˵ǶԵģ˵ܽǾȱҡ
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۹Ӱ飡
ڱӪǿӲʿ䣬˲˲
Щһֱ̲ΪûʱڼȻ£Ǿ˵Ѿòֳȥĵزˡ
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ԲŲϧһдҲҪٳķ
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γ͢ľıҪ˶޷⡣
ʵҲûиõİ취ˣαðһ
ƽɱͣںţȻ˸ҽҡ̼ټĲռĲҵ˵ϻˣˣһץ˽ȥ
е鶼̵ķչˣû˭ֹµķ
ɣһȣү˵öԣȲҲҪҪ͢Уٲ壡
һ֮մүٻص¥ӼǵԶ̺ŵĴ˷Ρ
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ԣԲá˯˯áÿնڲĸϢ
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Ѱ׸ǰƣţǿˡ
һ׸ԭΪϵǲձҵģû뵽һٽչļǮ˿ɳ֮Ǻоҵ˵ûκׯӡլӡҲɵļ۸ա˵ʵЩ벻׺ôĿġ
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ףֶֿǵһμҲǵһ˵
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ʽǰʱ乤շɽʹáֻʱˣ˲ȫʱ𣬲ʱŲ
ȥ𣬰ѹۻ˳ɫȥʱ𡣳뻧Աٽһ˲βһЩߵˣ߹ȥ
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ûʹԺǼҵ飬úȻôһ磬ҪӦһᡣЩʱ뼾æýŲմأǻس°˳ԻҲӦ׼ģЦˣһⲻҳݣЩ͸ǵģʵҲΪ˸лЩʱվľǳӦõġ
һ񣺡Щ¹һ
Ѿˣȥúд۰աҶǡ鿴һ˲ĹԱ
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ЩʱգϢʵɵûв©ǽ̫ԲڴϢ󹬺ܿ춼֪ˣ֮ĻУѩĲ
˵̫Ϊ˾ţײ˹һֱԴ
˵̫Ϊ̥Դ
˵̫Ϊµļ鱻֣̫ӵһŭ֮½̫ŶƲ
һʱ󹬹Ůڹ˽ʲôĶС
մãʹ֮Ⱦʹࡣīһ԰ʯ·ϡ
īڵīȾǰЩʱд飬˵ϾҪϣºܿҪˡ
Ŀȥ棿
īڻصūҴѡ
еţ⺢ӣȥ˿ˣҲдһš
īڿԹģЦ֪īȾ˵ʱնʱˣʹһҹصסѾƣʱ¶ӱ˯ŵġǴǵˣʵ̫Ҫǵȥǵ²дţûд
Щʱգնˣһ۵ҪüЩǸӣôô˼ԼӣϷҹſ˯Ⱦ˷纮Ǻã
ī죬͵Цˣȥĵطϱߣ֮ǰĮﱾͱҪů࣬ļ紺²Сʱϲ̰ˣīȾڱչţµġīȾҲûᵽ˵ˡֻ˵ÿúܣסһᣬСһᡣ
̾һǸµĺӣ֪λ֮ףҪ˳񣬺Щ
ͰİɣīȾչ˵ءīЦţڻ
īȾҸϣһλչ
īЦúÿֻҪ»ˣˣѾѡ𣿡
Խûأŭû䶨鲻Ҫ˵û˱˹
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תһɽߵ԰ŴԼԼʲô¡̫Բ
һͲԣ͸īʹһɫ
īڻ⣬߳԰⣬СŮŴ¾óϴѣһ·һ˽꿴ȥжʮģ
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СŮīڵվһת¾ֹŮɻɳīڹùá
īڻ˺üȦŻ
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ɳæͣǵģǵģ̫ѣ˵ȡ˼ȥ
īؿһۣ̫Բڴˣ͹ȥ̫Ҳˡһʱǡ
ɻɳ˵ֻܸīȥ԰
԰һľͤȲ裬īڴ¾ֵСŮеĲյ
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һģСŮСŮ̧ͷ¸񣺡ūɻɳ
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Ůһֱ̣첲Ϳʼ飬ڻǰǲҶҷ̡ǹõĳµֶΣŮڹ꣬Ȼ֪ͷū֪ˣū֪ˣ
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ԻʺϿ飬ſڵڹٴ飬Ż
ڣԻʺ֮ϣһ飬ߵİϷЩϹһȻԵõģ
ʺ밲΢΢һףԻʺԼˣŭĿԲ
Իʺʣ²
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Իʺ˻һۣ⻰ô˵ģ
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ԻʺȴΪ⣺Ȼû֤ôܣˣͺ˵һ㣬Խ˵Խ
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ԻʺüΪ˿ѩͩһʱڳҵſ˽ᡣ̫̫Ӳ˿ڽ̫֮СĻ̥֮˱¸£˵ûϵô֤˵йϵǱң˭ָ˵
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Իʺһֲ´ģ⻹ʲô֤ģͩȥ֮ʲôϵ޷Ǿ·ż
̫ԼĻǰںôҲ˵ԻʺŻаˬûżԱ¶ɲ


253 ̳ 
̳ӡ
Իʺ󲻿Ϲ, Ȼˣұȥܹ󹬵顣ŽձðվҪ᰸ˡôˣжԼҵ, ػʺҲ̫Ϊ֮£ҲʺѲϵ˭붫ûк, һ˺ԼĺӰɣ˭һ, ̷֪ߵˣ
⻰ָԻʺҩӣ˵Իʺи̫ҩ, ŵ̫ûС
ԻʺһӾ˵Ҫ֤ݣ
һӣȥ߱£֤ݣҲҩҺӵҩѲɻҲ̫Ϻӵҩ𣿣
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Ҫ󹬵ץ, ˵ͥ, Чȣ
ԻʺŻ, ȷʵϢͶҽ, Ҳô˼ط˳ȥ
Իʺ֪ôȰ̫ӵģ֪̫ǲЩ
ΪϢ죬ͣˣû뵽˰, Ǵ˻Ķ
Իʺȥ, ʵ⻰Ǵ˵ģ

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ϸ룬ҲϷعңΪ¶ҵ
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С㡭֦۾ԼϳȥѩᣬˡЩʱѾ޵Ĺˡʲô鶼ûаСҪ
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û۾ʲôʲôˣôã
ͷ˵ֻֿıǡ
¶ͷϵıˮѵּ״ӱͷ
ѱǵ˺ü㣬ſʵ룬һɡ
ţȼ˵
ݡλǮ֮󡭡ǲǶϲ檰
ȿȡԥһ£صӦòǶġҲ겻壬ֻϲһˣֻȢһġ
ʵĸĸǴһӣ⻰£ֻܰ²
Ȣޣ㻹𣿡ʡ
ڴϵ̺žѾԹ˲Ͼˣûʵ⡣
ϴûԼǲΪϲԲŶġȢ޶û͸Ҫ˵ˡ
૵ԣֻһǲģ԰ɣ
뿴һվߵ֣صֻشӦñҺʡһûȢ⡣
һ֣㣡ûأ
ѵõüлҪ˵
ЦˣǣҾã䲻檵ġ
ü˵ʲôȻûڡ
˵檣ǲϣ׽һЩϢ
Ц
£һʼˣ
ʱԴ޵޸ʱ򣬸ûԼ᲻ϲҲûôŮӲҪϲ
ʱıֻǰ̣δ벻ҪԸԸҪ
ò׽ı͢ЩദЩظ𽥶ЩŮкɫʱȻˣ
ǰҶ˼ʱ֣鷿̸ʱеķŭȻ̲סġ
ȻȻԼеĸϲ顣ϲֻһ˵Ĵڣһˡ
͸֪ûнԽ֮ģֻΪһֱ뵱翴ҲȻԴһ
סˣ˺ü
ŻعæϢգҲˣ
ͷͷ²˯ȥˡ
ϣڼй䡣ѾµļˡλƫߣȵЩԺ¼á
ʣϻȥ𣿡
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͸һ֡
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ǸɵѾͷ֪˼̾һ
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΢УұٵЩӣҲֿϲˣ
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ݹΰŷ˶ʶ֪ʢݵĳͣشүÿգÿÿҲҹʱˡû׼ʲôʱĶࡣ
л˼뿪ʢ
̫, ʢݾȻżˣ
Ϊʲôż
ҵˣ
ܡʢȪǱϢȥ, ʢȪظ, ΪʲôϢ֪
벻£ɻֻмܰ, תȥϳǣ
鳳һ֮ʱҲذˡ֪, Դ֮, ᾭݷԻݶ߿һۡ
鲻һӲŵ, αðùĸ, ȻҲƴȻ˵ݲ, ǳԽ飬ȴǲʵ
˭ܱ֤鲻ᶯ˼
ԴӷԼȻϲ֮Щ¡
ա
ͻһʱˡ
óϵ飬óԺľ棬׽ţҪδӰ˳İ

۵ֱ죺ʦ壡㡢㰡
ѦڸȻ羭֪һҽ쳹
ѦһӣҲȫûȣٱֿǿ㡣ǻ˱ȼû֪ˡ
̾һʦ塭һڼСסһʱ䡣ҵʦչˡ
ѦѾȫˣоȻоȵġѦӿʦβãΪ᲻ö
ô룬ҩһңಡҪԶЧ
οʱգһ࣬඾÷Ժ֢״дѦӲο
һѦӸûҩ®
ƽļ˲ϼϡеĶЩס֮ǰ˲ֻƽǼҩ®ǮʱȥԶ̺ŵǮׯ֧ȡ
ʱѦҼȥҩ®
ѦһӦоʲôҩһԡ
ȻҲ֪ѦӸͿʲôģһģɢſζ
ȻѦӴ˵ڼо磬۵üһֱڽС
ʦ壡ʦ壡㣡㰡ˣֲǷû֪ôȥûκã˾ˣ۵þͿ޳ˡ
óѦӸо֡
ͷǺ۵ֱлãЦѾͷΪá֮ǰ˵ȶû֪ˣһѾءⲻͦõģ֪ۣ۵ҿоȣˣ֪ΪҰôأ
ᣬֻһͷҧͷͷͷ
ѦӶڼķӦ⡣
֪ۣǻоȡеԽң˵ȻָԽá
ƽźҩ®ʱ򣬼ɱһĽһֱڼϿջصš
ҧͷҲ
ÿһͺһ£һһѾı飬ƽƽôˣأ
ƽ΢Цȥ鷿ȹӣǽȥӣ
ļǿȻ֪ôˣܽеôңæҽȥ
ƽƿţѺýȥ
ֻſһŴϣһͷȿȱĨʲô͹ģһڷ׺İСͷȡ
ÿһ£Ͳҽһ
ɵˣſڡ
͸˾һæͷѦӵʦ壡ʦ壡пˣпˣ
Ѧ̧ͷ˺һۣĲˡ
ڨڨһЦѦһ񣺡֪λγƺ
ѦȻǲƾˣԵľֵĲ˲һ˦뿪
æк˲ҪϵЩںͣѦҩ®Ʈȫա
û˸ѦӣֻСذѿȷӴæ˼
֣ͷСӣλ˭
ֻصѦʦ塣
ͷѦˣҽѦҽ
ޣѦӵʲôҽ𣿣
æǸǲǣѦҽҿ󣡡
ϣ֣ʾ⺮ҪѦˡظ£Ѧ๡
ź鷿˲һ
żȼ
΢ЦǣЩ꾭һ¡ëҽȵһֱڰҵ¾ֻϵëһֱûкתŰѦʦ뵽չҵȼ
ָ֪ǳǳȻ֪ǳһҾţܹһǵ¸صһҡ
̾һ۾ﾻǰˣʲô£̯˵Ҫôһ¡
죬ʵңҪʲô𣿡
һţŶԣǵģҪһЩ顣ҷȥʢˣڸһؼҿˣҲֻǰһЩҲûҹңҾú֡᲻ˣ
Ϣ˼αϣͷ΢ĳһֲԾڷһһµš
òŵûзӣֻת˼·ӦǶ߲ʲôϣˡ˵Ĵ㡣
Ĵ㣿żһģʵйľ֣
ͷӦ˾֡ϵ˵޹ؽҪˡ
ǡӣߣһҪȥ𣿡ʡ
ߣбҪȥ𣿡
ͷʵҶ鲼ҲһͷˮҲǲͶҽ˷ƽʲô顣Ȼȥ㷻ƹ񡣡
˷ƽ˼ζ֡
ǲ켾Ϊʲôô׷ƽ˼ɴ۾
ЦŽͣǰ׷ƵİӡƽȻڲϢô꣬ÿҪǧͷȻ֪һЩѰַЩ飬вͬ鷽򡣡
ԭˡͷƹ˵ǿ鲼ϵζܵʮ궼ûɢȥǹƷѬƵġǿ鲼ǣǹˡ
ˡ⻰˼˼һʼôģֻǺȷԼ뷨
ֱң鲼ǣһش顣͵ӣ£ʲôԭùĶ棿жʮˡʢݶ鲼˿أǾ˵鲼ǲ򵥡ǲһǾ󰸡
Ժ仰ͬǶ鰸֣һ¾뵽ǵϡ
ֻϢԴԱȺ࣬ԼȥȷһʼҲ鲼ǣˣǹˡ
֮󣬻һ£ҾԸºϲ׷顣
ŶһϢ͸¶ֱӣ˵
üԼʮǰʱξ׸ܣ׷ɱֱʱ׷ɱܵ˺ܶ࣬һӣǹɳȥġ
һ£ʵ˵Ŀǵ̫ʦ
ǵġ˶ٵʱ̫ʦڳеְλ顣ûãܹ񡣡
˻һ˫ֱǰһֻĦ°͵ĺ磬ӷɿתΪʲôǼ¸ǣ
ʢݵĸףʱԶǳݵǷͳ졣˵鲼Ҫ׷ݵʮǰ£ʱ䣬ʻһ뿴ʢݸһͬһҪô˴ɶʱ䣿
ͷԼɱʾͬǣʮǰǶչʮĵʱ䡣ǸʱܶƶȽ趼׳ӡǶʱ䣬ҵӡȷʵûʲôش鷢ǹ׷ɱܣʢݸҵĶʱ䶼ָʮǰľ¡Ҳôసӣûɺ֮˵Ҿù˼·ǿеġ
ʢݼȻˣͰǽ˼·ȥɡ±󵽵ʲôı
ǣӼȻô˵ұ߾ȫȭӦ£ͷ˫ֻһȦ˫ֵĴָһתȥ
޻˵ֲߣȻʵ㻹£
Ǹ˿ԼȻʢҲһֱΪҵѡǿԵĻӲҪʢҸϾɱҲԣֻҪסһһա
źһ޴ӣ֪Լô˵ԣǻ̲סҪʢ顣
üʢݴʣҲһˡʢ촦
һ㶼պʢ飬һдˣڲϢ˵Ǽ¡
Ϊˣһ¶˾ЧңءҲġ
ź֣صصͷãҴӦ㡣ܣڱðϣζʢһ
һ¡ӿɷܸ͸ףôʱ
صʢȪĽɣ
ͷ֪ܴӦʢһѾףĲ̣֪ʢȪڵ
ĬƬ̵ʳǰգСֵѦʦȥˣ˾Ȼˡȴзˡ
һӵ˼ǣʢ޺ˣ
ҡͷʢȪϥһһĶӣ޺ǲڣֻʢȪԺҲаŮˡ
̾һҲáҲáҲӦáֻʢҾ£ܹʡԼʹ˽ҹ
Щǣ˵ʵҵӣǶϲʢкġ
޷ڸǡ
֪ǰ顣Ǵ¼ŸϾɱƫƫһҲȳ֮ЩΪޣšһұ֧ңҲҡ֪꣬гޣʲôΪ㣬ҴӦʢһ·գʢճҹ֮
ų޳ɳˣеսơ
޻᲻ֶεĥһˣֱᣬ
ӣվ˫ֽرȭһְ϶ͷ̨ʳԣ
㡣ֻҡʢδؾҪ
̧׼뵽ʲô֪ǰСı㣬ȴ׸߱ˡ
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ź𣬺ȻЦ½ʮ˰ɣ
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׳꣬΢΢һͷ¾ûҵ𣿡
ô˵һʱ䲻֪ҪʲôӦ
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ϱ鼫ḻ
ҲӵٹϢǿ԰һ
һҾһ͸ˣæ˵ʲôأ
Ц˵ʲôѵʢÿ¸ѣ˵ǳԺȶǮˣʵ඼ٹ˰ɣϲҿ԰ٹһԴ˱ڼΧðһСԺӣɲϢأǺúù˴ŵСӡ
һ˵٣ͱһ鶿꣬Ǻߵӵ飺롭ɲ֪ٹԸԸ⡣ٹԸ⣬ϰ壬ô˵ˡٹ̨ӣ𶼲ġ
ͷٹܽҵ֪šϰʶչ⡣⼸ýȢٹţԵ㿼ȫֻҪңԸԸ⡣
𲻺˼ͷȻԸġ
УȻԸ⣬ٹĳԵ°ƯˡЦţȥٹ׼ЩվͻϢ֪ͨˡ
֪˼ٹ˳ԾһĶ䡣ȻһֱԼĲ
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ǰӭȢٵ飬Ϊһҵû룬ֲ粻ֻܿʢݸǵѹҪŸһŮӰȵˡ
ǰŵų͢ٺ»Ȼ࣬Ǻԡ
ٹõַ.̳ͨʿԸȥȥٹϼ䣬ؽٹһ
һˮĹ𼴱ϲҲ˵
ÿÿǮˣȥٹСһᣬʲô顣˶ֻ֪ٹٵúãȴ֪ٹʵϲд֡


255 ͵컻 
ӱֽ
ϰûн̹ʶ֡
ŵ, ¼ϵһЩ֣ÿȥʱ, ķıͽٹ֣д֡
ʼٹд, ֡
ٹд, ۵дҲд֣Ȼ¡
̧, Ȼˣüʵʲôĵ𣿡
˲᣺ֻҲдҵ֡
ӿˮģǸ֮ˡٺĽ
֮󣬺ٴЩ˵㺣ϧ, ǰĽ, ܹǰЦԽԽˡ
ǴŽͷɵСȥ, һ֡ǳؿС⣬ֹסЦ⡣
֮һĬ
֪겻, ֪ԼһȶֻҪһЩҪ
ʢΪ˲Сľе˦ǧƱشǧƱȥ
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仰һ, Ѻ
һֱΪԼչٵ, Խ룬ŻƬСĻᡣ
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𣬺ûȥԾԲ١
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ʢһֱûжױůϵʢݻһŷжʢվСܹȥ档
ԶмƵĵƹ⣬ʢǰе·
ʢݻˣʢӭȥ۾ȫ飬סʢݾʣôˣôˣ
ʢû˵ֻǿ첽ӣǶ˳ȥŴ
ͳһֽŵϡ
ʢȥһֽһŵ⡭ҲŰʮƱ֮ǰûʮҲһʮƱˣ
ʢ¸Լһ裬ż̲ﻹʮƱûûѼֵǮĶˣ˵ʲôҪյʮƱǾܴչƱȪˡ
ʢ˵˲ſʢݣǵʵ˰ѱðսļ̵Ӷ˻⡭ҪǹշԼϽƱ˰ֽôưոݣʱ򣬹ô찡
ʢϣ££ͲҪˡֻܰѼĶĶһƱͺá顭д㡣
ʢЩ᣺ˣҪʲô𣿺Ǳ㲻ѾȥǸľϻӵϢ𣿻ǻûɽˮһ
ʢͳ˵Ҳϣһ翺ϡǲͬڰʢȪ˺ܲã鲻ҲҪ취
ʮĻºʢһκ˶ǿסģԼ
úư̲λãǾܰԼһȨϣҪǮ´֪Ҫʲô
һΣҲ֪ҪĶʢݸ
˵ڲϵʹԶõ㡣
̫ӣҲǿסġ
Լ̫ϵһӣ޻ڡã԰̫ôƬءã̫ӱɡ
һӦеãԼ޽֮ǰ̫һ֮Իȡ̸ʸ
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ȸʱնĥӲԼֳ֡ͷڸʢȪĻᡣ
ԭʢȪԲĻᡣҪʢȪһظȥʮ˲ʮ˲ĥ
ҵű򿪣һȸͷվӣСôˣ
˵㡣档
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Լȸ̧żӾãԺԼһӲȱ֮ˡ԰ôӻáҲһɾˡΨһҽѡ
˵һ֣ڼסôˣѲɻϵ˴ûΪЩ¿Щܵľ֮ӣҲһòһЩΪ顣֪ԼЩΪʲôķ糾Ҿȴ޹ġֻҪ޳ͱض֮ٲãϢһӡ
ӡȸ˵ӴôãΪ
ûҪ㱨𣬡ַȥȸϵᣬֻҪúûűá㱾ҲһӸǿ֮ˣҸϲӣиҾãδؾûи顣
ȸٿ̧ӻ˵ʲô
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Цøÿˣ￴Ҫ԰˶ϲֿ𡣡
ӣȸȥˣСƢЦң
Ц㣬ʵڵӣȥֿʲˡү߱Ҫ¹źߣҲû˸Ҷָָ㣬Ҳܾ԰ʱҲǾȥ㣿ɼ㻹ĵġֻҪүдڽӴϣȥ֮ῴһЩܵ顣Щ飬ġ
ȸ죺֪
ͷǾ˵ˣ¹ȥˣҸᣬҰͽնϲˣҲҪѰ˰գ
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ЦǺúӡһ£ȥաʢţʢѾչӡƱûԼšȫ͸ļױ
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ȸżĻȻЩҲ֪ĴΪ㡣
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ۿ˲ڰǰ棬ر۾һֺֻţѹߵ̫Ѩ
ʱͳһ·СܣӲǰæ߹ȥͷŽ˵ĻȻͷʾ⣬֮ϣڶ۶ߵ˵ʲô
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ȥﱡϵӸƽ˹ݵ˶۵ǰ
ﱡĹԤʾð˾ѾȫĻ
۴ӿãٳ̰İٶʮߵ߷߿
⻰һ֮ϣһƷ¹Ա֮⣬ȫڵأأ֣̿
Щڱ̰īĹԱǣ֪Ĵڶڶ˵ζʲô𣿣Щڲԣ촽΢΢ǰб˫ֳŰ빣ŭĿйŵùǡ
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Щ¼ڰĹȫ
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ۿһ죬ʶȤиڹٹŮ˵Ժš԰ֻʣ۷۵ӡ
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Ѧӿش˵أ
һűӣҩȥȻץ𼸿۽Ĺĵ˵Ѧҽ𣿡
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ֱģûԹҩ͸ҸԣڿԺһ򣬲鷳Ѧˡ
żһɫЦоô
ڨڨһЦҩڡ
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а취ɣʵ
ϴʵٹ


257  
պң֪Ѱ
š
붯, ƺ˼ԣٹѾʮˣͲС, һгԵǷŷʮټ۷塣, Ϊһڷ, һǧ𡣡
⻰ԲˣҡǮϰ岻׷˵ġ
Ҫܶ𣿡˼
ع, ЦЦⲻǮ⡣ϰ岢ȱǮҲΪԼϲѡ
̾һʱ̫æˣûʱȥϢĵϸŵ˺𡭡ٹѰǰɣ
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ȷʵǸ˲, Ϣ󣬰＾ʡ˲ٲ鿴ϢĹʱ䴭, Լȡ
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һŷ⣬д
Իʺ˶źڹŮ
ʢȥ̫ӣʱͷǺ
̫³֮󣬴źȥ԰˶ۣȫˡ

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Իʺѹסں󹬵˴ѹѩʵʵġ
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ƽһνŮӵĹȻԾüӿЩ
ƿţյӣһյ뾻ɡ
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һյƷڲ棬ֻܿĲ©˿ܵ
ӵ·ŪģȻźӻѡ˵ţ·һȻ벻Ծ֣ȥ


258 ծ 
Ҫѧ𡣡
΢Ц, վǰؽ˫ֻ, ޵롣
һĿ
λӣӵĹͣ
ô֪ʵ
Цˣһе, Ҫľ, ǹȻﶥҪ˲ſˡ
û˵, Ѿˣ֮ϡ
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Ѿ⿪, ļ, , ͷһֻ̧°֪ͣ, Ҳȱӡ
һ
Ȼûжĳͬһֱȥ¡
Ҵ򽻵ʱ䲻, ⿪, ָÿ£ѵ֪һֱһֱĽӣ
΢, Ȼ
벻, ȥԼ, һһѻڵأҲһӯӽʮˣҲʮˡδȢδޣӲǿĻ£
£һŮҪҰýȢ̧ȥ
ǲһŮ飬ѳŵ顣̼֣Ȼ̳֮ʤһСһСĽĹӲκһŮӶӦ֪ϲ㣬һ𣿡
һ·£Ӻܻῴˣ֪Ǯûа취٣׼Լֲҡ𣿡
ü
ǣ֣ء
ЩֵߣѪյӿôˡ
ڴأԼϥͷ°ͣȢҰɡҲϵĲƲҲκ顣ȥκεط̣κεطϲŮӣֻΪޣ޸㡣ԣҶдױ飬ǩֻѺʾľԵİĽҳϡ
ͷ촽£룬ȢҰաҰ㡣
Ȼ֣סļֹٿ
һ㶣ʲôվһߣñ΢˵ӲϲҲûϵȢһȥҡͨҲԣֻҪڹߡ
Լ£ϣ㲻ôԼ
˲ˣ˭˭ס˶ȥ֣ضʮ壿
ûлشֻǿһۣû˭ֻڻ롣
ѣ˻㷽ſҵǿűˡзӦһô᲻룿ֻǲң㺦±ѣ㺦֪ԺҲûлˣ
һ˫֣ʵ뷨һƬһƬذ˳
ЩԸϵʵôչǰ
ǣһҲ뱳ѡû˭ʱҲܱ죬ۿϣԶģ
̵ĻƺӣҲֹס¡ץϵԭˣԭǸӣԭЩ̽ϲŮӣǾ仰Ǽٵġ
ԭֻΪû·ʱܹ뵽
ϲŮӣֻǸŮǰһ΢˵
ֹס
Ѿȥ˾Լѡ
ٴӾʱ·ȣڴͷ
ô޵һˣǰȻԵСԱ
·𿴵Լһ
߹ȥϥڴߣͷ㿴òáҼꡣҿ˹ޣʱδޣδȢҾʮױ̧ȥ𣿡
̧ͨͷ
Цķ磬ͺ㣺ܵõȫȫҲá
СĴָ̳ãһԼȳ׷
һˮµԣɵ׻ȼһ˿˿ϣ˲ϵᣬԼСĴָס룬ôбŴҵ㡣
̾һҵĺϲٹ
ҷѣ֪溮ٹİɣӵѣѣӵƷСźٺõġ
лͳһƱߣ溮ǮţҪܾӲϲǷ顣飬Ƿģջ
ҵ㡣һμᶨ˵
ͷȻȥ
ʱ򣬺ţϳسһ
ô˵ֱʵ
ɫԣһ¼Ȼҡҡͷ
ſɫ԰ףʣ룬ôˣ
뻺˺һᣬͷ̸֣ˡٹԸǻȥˣȥٹһ͹
ע⵽뻽֣Ȼ
ҲãҲСˣչˣǣţܱһֱƮźá
Ȼһ¥һƬͷȥֻ佫Ŵ˴һ˵ܻ䣬ö¥żĿǷ׷ײĿ˴ӡ
Ⱥ֮һ۾ͿŷȺ͵
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һ˽һ¥һˣϴһѴɫ彣
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ﱡȻû뵽Ҳһ±ߵǰһ
ͷߵλﱡߡ
Ӻܳһ
Աߵӣȴﱡߣﱡ֮䣬ʦֵܵ겻ǵˣһ˵ء
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Щ佫Ȼųһһֺ࣬Ӵ˲͹ԳٶΪ֮һ漴Ѫڡ
ս֮ϼʿɱеĴģŹĵԽԽ죬һȺӵçǾҲƷ⾳
һڲ裬Щʱգʦˡ
ﱡ΢΢ף£ĻΪ˳͢
ʦû˰գ˵ɱְϣʦͷѾߴƽ𡣡
ΰɱﱡӣһ֪ܲϧûҰγӰ
Цˣʦ°úãڸܿҪˡ
ﱡص΢ѹپƷҲȥˡЩƲ֮ġ
ŶȻҰʦѰһ£豭һڣ֪ʦΣ
ﱡ۾Բˣ
һ٣ְѲ豭ˣθɣ
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˼ԲˣǶûԲ˵û㵱һӣֺοôżҪָ飿
鵹ǾȤﱡȪݱթʵݣŲһµĹѾˡ
ʦֺǴȻ徽Ҳѡ徴С
һϣ佫Ƿ׷׹ƺȲʣ¥ԭϵĴҲ򿪣ҶһЩǮ̨ӱϣǴ͸Щġ
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ǰڲ棬ɨһ¥ϵĴһ۱ϳǼߣڶ¥
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ſ֣һӣһߵŮӣһŮ֪£ʵӣ£æˣæˣȥһ
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Цˣ֣Сӣӿɻ£
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û뵽ҲǸȻһˣûѧġʼѧ۸ʵˣ֪ʻʵʡ
ʱٵһˣЩɻ󡣵Ŀ⿴ʱ򣬶˼ӡҲ˼صͷȥ
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ûֻǵ˵ͷ
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ΪϲԵȢ㲻ޡ
ֻҪصǲȥһЩС⡣ʱһСëʣʱһװīСӡ
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֪˼Ӳû˵仰
ռ˵ٹ֪ҪһٹﲻǮȴꡣ
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֪ﱡڣ뷨鰮Щ顣˰ٳԵʱƺҲûеôѹ
͸Լ
ԼѹȴһѹˡҪɻģҲҪԼġ
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һʳǵٶˡ
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ǸҲ࣬һ佫УԵøˣӦǱɽҰɣ
ڽߣ˵ܴһһƺ޹˼ɵ¹ˣĿӦþʯ䡣ʯһǱµְ
ʯұϣһ˿񾴾ơ̵üõģԼǳ͵Ĵӳƽһƣ˵СڣʢĴǳ͵Сӳɡ¼ǾϮֻڱ¡԰ǰӹǴκƽ١
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ԱһһȲ裬ȵģԺȡ
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佫ֱ, ǲΪʲôϲһӡտСȴǾֹжһ㲻ɵɻƺΪڸ֮á
һʱˡ
ҿɻû˵ҪΪĻţ԰һ߲ȥ
ְ֫ס, ߵǿŮ˵ˣ

³ǰ, һ˸߿Ůһۣ
, ֻȥĸ첲㡢֡
£͸, ׼һֱȥˣĸ첲һӲôö
ȻһƿյϮʶ֣һŻڵϡ
ﱡ飬·Ը, ͲҪǿˡ
ûһԿ˿, һԶ
鲻õػ, ˵ӵ, ʲôϵ
ﱡøˣһۼֿ飬˵, ڵݿɲ㰲, ǿдס
鿴ﱡƵĿ, ɱ, һֱŵâ
ﱡ¶, ְӰϣĿתض飬ӰҲ޶˵
ڳ࣬ǲķҲ޽ܿ˽ŵֻ֡ܿɱһ֮Ѿʼ໥ƴɱ޷磬ͷȴѾ΢΢
ȡ
һǿ飬ַ䣬Ȼﱡ
ڰʾҪҷ㡣
ﱡһתͷٿԷ
лصɱ˲ɢ
Ȼ֪֮䷢ʲôҲﱡ˼濪ʼͲôԸҲ֪ǺԵʡ
ֻܶƱεӣҾһԲƣǡ
յллСһڡ
Ҿż񿴼ôܷҲžƱơ
ơ
ڼߣ޷ӺȲǡȻһ¡
һڲ裬ʵң
ЦˣӺͨϢһûҽܣӾѾϳ˭ˡ
΢΢һ㶣׵ˣҴԼʶһ롣
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ЦЦٻػ
ʯ뼾ԼҲžƱм䣬־Ҫȥ§żļüѼԼʯ䡣
ʯͷҾӺȸơ
ʶûûСһŮмȷʵáһϣλȣͼӻȥ
˵ձż
뼾ǰųţﱡҲվλǱ˵һҪǰ˾λþˡ
λѾȵ̨ͣ滮ȭȾƵҪƷ졣Ҳûﱡ˵
ﱡתҪذɡ
ﱡͷ뿪
ţѾгһξ롣С˰ﱡǣﱡԶԶظż
ϼͷĿųһһΡһߣأ
ûСϡ
鿴һĮӾúЦת˵ûУ챻ɢˡ
Ǳ˴˱˴˰ա顣
ȻȥңΪβ
򴽣֪ðһֱǴ°ĿƴŮѵл˵û㡭ûôʶȤ
ô󷽣鲻֪Ϊʲô֪Ϊúã㵱檵ʱ򣬾ûн죿
̧һϷŰı飬һԼеĻˮڻҪƢĵ
ԺŰաתĿ⣬Ұλ
鿴ЦøˣӲǵǳճյɫ.ңȥסΣ
ᡭģ۾
סҾסڵȪݡ
̧ʷ̨Ͳ֮ãⲻǸǻṥڦ㡣ҳЩˣĸΪŮ㸮УŶģڰǵͬڸǣǵŮûȤԺ󡭡
Цţżìܵ˵ǡ
Ц˲ͱ졣
ס֣ǶûģǶԼûģ
Ҫߣ鲻ߡ
ûС
ΪЩʱѾѵĺˡĿڼϡ

һ֪Ӧôش
ʲôģ̾һһظҴȥһţ
ֻ鲻⣬ﻹʲôطûȥģȥ
δȥУ𣿡
΢΢һ㶣ȷʵδȥУﶼǰױѵĵطӣһŮӲ롣
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Ҫ֣ȴסٶˣЩ±ھ˵
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һ֪˵ʲôԤУһӦҲȥ롣
顭ҡ˼Ҫôܾ
һˮٶ󣬷·µ죬һַʢϢҡ
üվĬĬصͷ
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ΧĻȣУȥ
һ·ϣۣľһеһƺ뼾еĳЩϸڲϵغϡٽУƬϲٵڰԺУм䡣
Ϥֽ
һ޷˵ĶȻīνˮһ㣬Ȼȫ¶ڲЩᣬ̲ס˳ȹ첽У֮ڡ
ǸٵʱУʿಲȦͳһĿںš
űǣļУľ
һЩĻ治ڼгʧУϸȫغϡһ޷ֵıȪһ㲻ϵӿ
ѾƲסַĵĿ־뱯ˣضȥͷһ
֪ǰ
֪ʱ˿̼룬Թ
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˿ߣһ֮ɫ֮󣬱Ȧȥˡ
ڵаʱ䣬󻺻վͨ飺ǴӺʱ֪ҵģ
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תͷ۵޾ȡ
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Ҳѹ֣Ѱѡڵı徸ľַ֮ϡ
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ǽУһһ鶼ûжȫԭ״δʱޣòģϳǱ徸ַ
ԭʹ˼ңص븸ĸ׸һסĵط
ǰһסֵǻط˵
ǣǰ棬ıӰЩ
ļҲйһλ桪һǣ֣ʯĻȣԽǸѾԺģ壬һȴ
ʤѩ⡣
Цᡣ
ˣļȷʵһλȻȴʧ֮ӣĳڸǣȴûʧ
·һ磬ɢЩҳоԶļ
飬ǲںСʱͼ飬ʵ
ûлشֱӰУһǡ
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۾ֱ㶵ؿǰһĻԭأ֪ӦηӦ
˵ڣ
Ӧڣ
ڶ۹佫һ˵λǰ飬ôĵطңԶ
Զ佫󣬲һҪʬһҪλλ֮ǰһҪгƣع顣
Щ궫ս²ϡսɳĽʿĿȫǡΪЩʿй㽨ڣȼƣֻҪţ˹ǵλǵ꣬һ
ڼǰģһŵλ¶ţֱľͷЩλľ죬ֳһƬڵ
λǰĳ΢ڶѾ˻һ㣬һһ۾ڿء
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ⲻңһ
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ͷⲽµڣıһ⡣
ЩǣƵĻһһֻ
ǰǳڣǰĳһƬ޺밧ŻͻͻһֱҹյѪ졣
ĿڣһѴ󴸣ĴѾѹ.εࡣ
Ϊͻǵԭ𣿣
Ȼͷ˸ŵƻͨ죬һһ飬·Щ꿪ڡ
ЩƵ룬ÿۣ֮ϣͷŻΧĳλصҴûԭ¹ֺԭ£ǶôݣǶҶ꿪ǻʼӦøһλӦø
ЦعЦָ飬ĵؿڵͥ
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΢΢Ŀκθ˵ߣǸѳԹ԰Ϊ£ýο
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תڵϣżǡ
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ûлػֻǻ۾΢΢°ͣ¶ĺ벱һȻӡ
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黺ſڣɱң㲻ԹޡҲѾǻỤǳԶҪٻˡܸõĽ֡
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Ĳȫ¶Ľâ֮£л
ףΧķָ⴩У˫ָ棬֣һһݽ
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ԵЩࡣ
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΢΢ǰ㣬ü顭㲻ˡ
ͷĶϣߵֻǲᡣֻ㣬֮˵Щġ˵һỤ㣬Ϊ֪Ǳ塣ڼ˵ЩҲģ֪Ǳ壬һ𡣡
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תȥϵˮЦʮǰǳϡײҵĻ
Դǳ֮󣬼ļЩңܶʱֻػؾɵصģϤʱ򣬻һЩƬΡ
ļȷʵһĸɾЦΧеĻȻʧɫ
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ˣһ硢סĸʢװУɷ빬
һɫĹװϡٵͷͷӣϰ·ɫһա
ûдװı岻ϵŤӣŸ׵ףף봩ѣȹӺóܶ
徸ӣ׸籱ʮ꣬Ѿű徽ɳϳ꣬ʱ˿װһС˵ģõƽ̫ɢﱡ죬һСģ
ü죬̧һֱӲڱĽϣ޺޵ҪܣȻܵ徽
⧲رòһţʧ˷ȣھӪѵļƣҪ塣
徽ȻҪԼСŮæסñܡ
ͷҲصسһľʢ԰ȥ
德˻ûס壬һ̵ûӰˡ
德ЩԹ᣺СߵԽԽûءǻʹҲڼ֣ܶ˿ô죿
ᵹںȥɣǸʵʵظһ𣬲ǹ¡ʹﵽڹٹŮţ˵ġԼȥգˣȻʵˡ֪ӣ֪ˣҲġ
德֪Ұһµطһֱǣǲܵġ
ֻ̾һҲٶԡ
һһȹӣЦ
һˮмɽͰѶɫСȹֽŲõ˼ɽһڼɽߴ԰
ô󰡡Ǳ徽Ļ԰󣡡
ĴţȻ治ԶһĺӣҲһ˸ߴ
ǺһͲߵ֣ηηβر֦żɽߴ
ССüͷа˭ΪʲôҪѲķݹϣôȥգ
뵽ﱱӼɽŲŲ˸ݶⷱïĵط
ܹȥֿֿˤı
һ߻ͷֿˤĵطһȥҹˡ
ȻײʲôˣһͷԽ˵Ļ
ͷһλŰµ꣬ü㣬۾Բȴûжı顣
ʱı廹֪ÿкӦóĸģֻͷɵЦЦ
ͷÿüһ𣬵ʵڿʲô
Ҫ˵ʲôȴһˣֱ͡
ֿȥϱ߹ڹ٣һ㶼һȺһһԲֿҪҵˡ
һҴˣֽֿ顣
˼ӰĻ˳ʣ˭
Ȥ˭
Ҫش𣬺Ȼڻʹһĵط곤ð׾ĪǹС׼ʵ۱£
˲˱Ŀ֮ٲùڹٰץסȥι㣡
岻뱻ι㣬ֺס죬صҲŲ˵
ۡ
ǰôɵģ̲סЦˡ
һЦ·⻨԰лֻ࣬Цлģޱȡ
循ˣ֣˵ÿ
ǰҲˣЦ˺Ρ
Цñ˱˵ĻΧŰתһȦúôһ˵ЦͦÿΪʲôҪǷܶǮ𣿡
΢΢ףĿһǱ壿
循ȵſ죺ѽС磡ô֪ҵֵģ
ĳƺҲסЦøӲã㶼˵ˣҵȻ֪ˡ
岻˼գգ۾ǣСԸһæѽ
ʲôʵ
ָźˮļɽҪæҪȥ
ͷָķ򣬵ͷ룬֣Ҵȥ˰æ
Լֺ֣˰ϡϸÿ֣סֺֻ֡
ŻȣһǰһţǸµĻϣ·Խʮʱ⣬ֱ°һ˶ʱһĻ
ˣǵģʱȷʵ顣
Ǹİ꣬
ֻ־ޡ˹ĿЦݡ
ͷ飺ҡҲ꣬ôܼһסҵˣ
սӪ㡣ֻԶԶؿһۣұ֪ǸھӪСľ׷ﱡ꣬ʱײǰСھӪһֱĶװһֱΪǸӡҼ㴩ŮװӣסˡǴҵһγǰȴܶˡսľӪʵҶͬڡֻδҡʱԼֻʦһ˰ɡ
ᵽﱡıһ飺Ҷʱ飬չҡ
֪΢ͣҲҵʦ֡
żʵڣ㣬𣿡
̧ͷ
Ѱ֪йһУ㡭ڣѡ뿪ҲǿⱾһ˵£ҡֻϣ㰲áң𣿸һ֮У֮ܿءʦһֱ飬ˣҿǳʣµ£
̫ʦڣ̫ǲǼµȥʱҲʮһ꣬ǵ̫ࡣˣҪ̫ʦ̫֮⣬һ˶Զ֮λһĿӦˣ׼˰ļƻͻһұûų
Ծһ뿪Ļ׵飬ڣѾ֪ľġҲҵľġ·˿ҲСҲܰãȴϣߵ˰á
ȥУһֱһǸƯ꣬мҹ顣
֪ԼӣԼ⸱ϲŷ·ԺгǱ֮ʱԼ֮ա


260 ŵ 
һһˣ
ĸעǲܳõ, ΪʲôҪһ˸һȥһ
һһȥҪһ㣺ң޷ӦǸҵκθ顣
ü, ׷ȥס֣, ⲻ㣡ʱ۳ھӪ, Цδйη塣ҵǰδйǰԵʱ, ʱ㡢㡢Ľ㣬Ϊ⸱ģ
͵̧ͷۿֹס
ϵҡͷ飬ѾˣѾˣ˳ŵǳе, ˣôܶվǼǱ塭Ҳǡ
, عڵ, رסͷڸ첲, ԽԽС
ıݺݵسһ£Ȼʹȫ
һɨڣڣһڣú
鵥ϥ, Ѽ뻳
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ġǸЦ۳ҵŮӣԼĸסͬĸĸɱˡ
Բ𡭡Բ𡭡޳ˣ޳ˡ
ʱ˿̣Ǹ⣬ķ
ǳ֮󣬳˱ξѣֵ۾׺ż֮⣬ǰʹ޹
ʱʱᡣ
Ȼδ޹˵顢Ǿɡ
Ѧҽ˵ҽ⣬ѰҸõƷ
е˶ΪȶŬôԹ԰
ǽգˣ͸ˣ·ˣŲòǸ˰Լ
ɣǸĿԼοýȥ
ÿһƲÿһ඼Ѫ޷
ͷʹ޵Ůӣζӳ¡ֻܱ޵˺ѷΡ
ҸֲɡǷġǷǵģһֻüŻ޵ļһʼֻһˣȻҲҡȻţŵĳһЩĺңǡ빲
鸧ı˳
֮󣬼̧ͷ顣
ǰ޵ӣ˵ƵĻֻĶ϶һ䡣
֪˭Щɽ˺ģЩ֮ٶΪǱ岻ǹˮȻһ
Ҫ
Ҫô
һ߹Ƭ֮֮Լһ˶׹һ
Ƿ
ܳþõһΪλҪĻϲڴ
ǣô찡
һ̣ӰʱߵĴԽķ޷ܾޣ硣
йصһУ·һֻʣɫȾޱĿɫ
ΪĽĺƷϵҶԴΡ
ΪЦտޱȡ
ΪۣеԼҲø
һջУֻ֮һƬããĽơ
ȴ紺һ㣬ġȻҰ֮һֱһȼȼܿԸһ˿ůϣ
Ҫܾ
Ҫ֣ǣסһǰ
̧ͷǽ۵𣬺Ѱ
Щ𰲾ؿڵ
۾һҪ㣬𣿡
Ҵδɹ㡣
ֵңΪλΪ룬ҷôƢ
̾һǸǳСӡ
΢΢ף糺죬ǵصɵӣңڰĽǰҲ᲻šҴ㲻ãûҡʵ㣬ʲôҶġ׿ЩޣңԸԸңһ𣿡
һӼо䣬ã૵ҡԸ⡣
һ̵ۣй˸ЩɳƣΪʲô
΢οҡŮ˷һˡֻҪһһһ֮ˡЩ
⻰һƴ磬⣬ͷЦһĿ
ԸұΪԺáͷŵͽһֻһˣ
˫ۣ۾ﻹˮµ
۾ĶͷĴ
ҪԼŵһһֵؿһ㡣
ôˣ㻹ڵ᣿Ĩȥϵᣬˣٿ۾͸ˣ֪ˣҪѵҡ
Լ۾ֹסᡣ
һֱôҲһ㡣
˼תתͷȥ
ڣĳ䣬վѼӵ
̫ãͲѾˡ
ѵֵվ
ǰĶ죬ɵһüʵҴδʹ塭ȣʲô
ף죬˵һʼͶ̹ԼӦòŵǴΡЩˣӴǰ
ȻΪ岻ãһٶؾܾ
̾һЩԹӲòҪʱ֣Ѿ˷̫ʱˡ
һůĬ˰ΣżһӶСҲΪ˵ĸ
ֻʲôصɣҲôϲӡߴߴ˵úܡ
ԡ
˺ӣǶʧܣһ޵ĿʼһѾĹˣֺαذֲһ
ǣżڣȥ
ظţʲô
ϡ
ףֻܸǰߡ
ڣȥڲͬλЩΧоϸĵƣǾϸ
֮дűᡢϪݡ
ǣżһ֮ϣ˵֮ǰз֮ĸףĸף綼ûпɡҴ㣬Ȣ㡣Ը⣿
飬ڴӱıǡ
΢΢鲻ӲҲֻܲҪˣ޵ʱ´档
ⶼǰ飬仹ʲôֵڴ
һ㣬ΧŹ⣬һһߵĺڰ
޵ĺڰԨп˹
ڰ˾η塣
֣ǣס飬Ը⡣
ЦתλĸǿˣպڣǿһҪθ
Ժߵصͷ
鵹ǲЦһֱҽٸôôϸƽţԲվšҪҪѰһЩ㿴
֣ѦҶõӣ˭ܿãҰѹӼݷųҲ˳ѦӽҵѦҽû취ˣһҪʦ취
˼Ȼ鶼˵ˣһЩ飬һѾȵҲûȫϵ
ûȫ飬һݲġ
ߵԭһҪųԼݵԭպӲһҪҡ
Ӷ֣á
ޱȻϲȻģֻҪԸһʲôʱȫȫؽûкӡ޺
ӡ
ڣſڴ
Ӧһ΢ǰЩ룬зִվڼԶĵط˵Ի
Ի˵Ӣ顣ʱգҪȥ磬ȷʵӦÿʼ׼ˡ
鿴ͷ֪ˡԵƬ̡
Ծ˳ڣ
Ի㣬ΪӢϹүٳ
šͷҪ̫󣬼ΪѦӵҩͣ۵˶ӣȻû
վұȥ
Щ죺ҡʵͦصġ
£һֻ쵽Ҹ£һֻ쵽£סҡ
죬˫ֻסĲӡ
ӵϺᱧЩ˼ѶͷĲϡ
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߱ߵһЩˣΧбɣȻոǿΣգ˶ڣǣסΣˡ
鰵ָֿǴΡ
ЩŮѵŮʿֻҪ˰ȻΧҡϴұ˽ߣһֱ߼Ӵ˲ȡ
ܾİţȴҪܾĺ⣬Щá
ܸо𽥱Ӳ͵Ҳǲ鷳㡣֪ڱ˲ĸйƵģܴĲࡣ񳤽ɱôΣߵ˲㣬Σա
ϴδɱͱñ
ϴδɱˣâߣ
֪ʱʱ֪̿ʲôʲôͻ¼֪޷Ӧԡ
ĺ⡣
徼ҵĹŵù
徹¶֮ɫ˵徹滹˻ţ
ϴΣȥӸۿڣҵ˾ǡһֱ˵ӪϢͲ鵽ǵټֻһֱûʱȥǡղϢϢ˵ֳڸۿڡ룬ǴԼʦֶͷǰʱղڸۿΪʦһȥѺ˲Եʡ
֪徹걱徽Ͼѵһֻ飬ֻӼù
ս֮ϣҪʵǹ֧࣬䣬ȳ.ǹɵսֿɹΧ˵ˡ
ǣ֧һȺˣóʹóͬľҪȳ.ǹࡣ
սһ糤һǿֻǱ徽齨һֻ޼᲻ݵġì
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ŵĴ󣬱徸
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֪˼ǣձȥϢԼʱʽ档סҲİһЩ
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õͷһڼĴϡ
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ʱĿ̣ʢݻ̲棬ûлȥ
ڸ̲Աһⶨð永Ա⡣
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һЦ⣺Ͳ˰ɣôֲС㿴ǿ˲ٵͷˣȻƮ죬ôϴķףСƹݣӪڣһй֮ȻֺοٽʱˣҲţ


261  
ʵˡ
׷Դ, һû
ʢȻƾɵСƹݣվ
, ̧žͽСƹݣֻһ, ڲӡ
߼п, æЦʵ͹ȾƵģ
ͷʲôƣ
ߵֻе񻨡
񻨣ӻóСӷڹ̨ϵ, һ±ţһ̻ףǾ档
գߵͷ͹ԵƬ̣
˵ȥֻһŴľӣѾʰɾ󷽷ؿ, , ʢݣ
ʢü, ʣȥ
ֻл񡣡˵, Ѿһ̹ϷƿյСƱһ±ţ, һ̻, һˡ
߰ѶһһϣˣСͶλ͹ٵ, ˬڽ塣λ͹á
˵ֽ߱ݡ
ûһ˲, 𻨵, һƣڱţЦš⻨ζҷһϵŴƵģһ
˵ԼȺһڡ
ʢݵ̲Щ꣬ʲôþûȹ
СƹݵĻʲôúȵģǺûʶϹզˡ
ʢ뺮һ£жʮˡʼʶ˺
Ǹʱǻÿų͢ٺ»ȥãＷһЩȾƵǮһһپơ
ʱľƣ˵Ǳ¥ľˣСƹݵľƶȲ
ÿ¶һЩǮȥûȹľһƷ
ȵˮļپƣӣ˴ҪİеĲ۵ˡ𱻴ıףǸپƵĵҲʢݲˡ
ȵҾƣ̰ȵòʡ¡ʢС뱳ϵذѺϻؼң۵ðʢݳ˺𼸶⣬Ҳûѹ˸˯ʢˡ
ȵƣ˶СƷãºȵ̫죬һھûˡ
Щʱ⣬Ѿ£Կ̳ɼ䡣
ʢݿź𽥱´ĥӣɵпԼҲԼһƣһ¡
Ǻþƣ
ʢݺһڣǰһֵһڱţֶŵƹ⣬˿ˮĳɫ
ôûƭɣʢƾͣɫȻζҷ֮㴼ʵ֮Ʒ
ʢݿźĴĽʮˣ㻹ѡ
ʮˣʮһļ¿ƽʿһһ˱λãȨգʵұģ
ʢݿЦһڿҡ
ûСӣһ⣬ŵʵˡ
ʢҡҡͷ˵ôҲͲȾˡߴʤԽߵλãɼԽࡣг࣬к֪
ʢһƣԾһЦʢȪ˰ˣΪʲôʵʵ˵
ʢ΢΢һ㶣Ҳ˵㲻Ҳ֪𣿡
һʼ͸ҡ
δ˵꣬ͱʢݴϣҴһʼ͸ˣͻᱻǣĸ
ʢֵһƣһȻ֪ʢȪ˰ˣҲӦ֪Ϊα˰ܣҲ鵽Ǻ˰˰ɣ
Ĭֻǿ
ʢԳһЦͻͶǣӽ£˸Ұܳ͢ƷԱĶӣôм߳ǷʢȪ˳ȥ˱֮󣬲ҿ׶ҡġ
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ǣǶλӣλ̫Ӻߵг¼įľ֮
ʢ˵ûʢȪ£ǵģǼĵĽʢݲһӣպô̲λϣǼòѡ
ʢһƣҲһҶ̬ȶЩҲҪϡǼ鲻ã޴йⱭƣȫҸ㲻Ҫҡ
ʢݲȺӦƱһЩ꣬󣬰£Ҹġ£·ȫˣܱȫ㣬ҵ鱻˷ܵǣţǸľϻ֮еĶҸôأȻʲôΡȻ֪ʲôǽ㣬һĳֻ֪ƾһ鲼Ҫ׷ԴͷҲѶȡֻҪˣǱĻһҪպãؼʱ̣ǶԱһҡ
ʢݴӦѾòˡ
һ϶֮ɫüʢݡ
ĻºʢͱĥԲޱȡ㶯˵ķθ֮ԣҲȫȫš
ʢȪˣżʮʢݵĽΪ̲߳٣ȻɷǰԼĶӣҲ޷ԭ¡
ǰǱʢݸľƣͷ£ͬ˵𣿡
ʢݺǺЦˣˣ˵Ļѡ
ô˵Ѿ·
ۣȻԲʢδؾҪ
λϵˣ϶·ʢ̧ĿɭȻֻЩ˵òɫЩ˵һƤˡ
ͷһţ⣬ͷұˡ
ʢȪ𣿡ʢݿ
в˵֣ڿ̧ͣʢݣһ
ʢҲԲ
˾ô˼ϢĹ򣬺˼в˵Ķ˵Ҳֻ֪ǲ鵽ʢȪȷʵһӴĽйϵ
ʢһֱضź𣬺ûвһ㣬ԹԵƣԲˡȻȫ֪ģ
ʢ࣬¿ӣظʢ˵£ҽ֪ϵΪƶϣʢȪİΣ޴󰭡ϾʢȪԲյĿġǰʢȪҲΪʢȪΪţҡΪʹġ
ʢźĿȻ
ȴҲ˵ֻһֱŲˡ
ʢݵһֱƿ񻨾ϣûɹ
˼ʲôȻȻЦˣЦóֱ࣬ߵĻƺźһ£žİѾƺϡ
𾪵̧ʢݣɫ԰ףֽ߬סۣŬԼ侲
ʢ˺һۣվתȥ
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ʱƹ߳£ΧĹٱʢһˡ
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ϲʱϵǵˣлϵѡ
̾һΪϢ£²Ҫ˵ôĻ
֮£ܾˡվһ
߻¿ȥЪϢգʱˡ
ֱȭ뿪Сƹݡ
ͷŹյ£һδĻƣһƬ
һһκȵþƾǵ񻨾ơԵļ֤ҲԵľ顣
ڷţʢݸ֮һ˶ϡ
ӽҾƹݿʼ˾໥̽̽ʢݵ⣬ʢһһ̽Ƿ֪ʢȪ䡣
ڳ֮иûô֪ʢȪЩĶУ
ǹ©һʢݣʢҲ
źȾƵʱС໥̽ʢͼл𣬶ʢݶ֡
ͲȥǣСС˲һˣʢͿǣСȥ֣׼
ʢݴʼնźЩʱյĵ飬ʵѾ֪µȥѾʢȪ䡣
ʢԣ֪ǣ㣬Ǻܲ£һһگ
ʢݴһʼ϶ǺһѾ֪µȥֻҪץ˺ȻúвһԼĶӣǰΣȻҲͽˡ
պ̲Ѿ˱ô󰸣Щ֡
ԣʢԸźһʱѰҾƹݣʵڵֵ룬׼ú
֪ΪʲôٱѾ룬Χ͵ʢһ¾ͿǰúʱʢݾȻѡ˰
ȻʢǱĻŪˣֻţʢǲʲôԲŷԼļƻѡȥʢȪ
ʢݣȻư츳ϵ׷ѷɫʢһһʢʲô
ʢΪʲô֣
ôҲ벻ףȥ·ɻһ·
˲Ϣ׼լԺԺ뼾֣Ҳµķһ۵ĵطһСլԺ
ԺſڳתСֵܵļȥȡ
ѾˣصԼң·ûѾڴϣʱʱץ
̲סǰдһţԵɣҪһ𰸡
ڶգһͱ˰ŵĹ򣬼Ų𿪣ϸؿһ顣
٣뼾һš
ڿűҲֻԹԵȥ˾ӣ˹ٷ׼ϳ
ʱ˼ʵ˭дţô
ŵݸšҹʢˣЩ벻ףҡ
ѹñһߣӹš
ŮѾŸںˣ⣬Ӧŷʳһ˹
鿴꣬ʵΪʲôҪȥʢݣȫûбҪȥʢݡʢⱾһ֣ǰ˺в㣬Ҳ̲֡
̾һЩ˸С
գңֻһ¡飬ǱпܣʢһʼնŲʢݶʮꡣվʢݴ֮գȻҪȥʢݺһΪС
üʢлṶġ
ǣֻҪ˺ǡûôǳԭ򡣵һҲŲ뺮Щꡣڶ֪һ٣Ҳ㲻һ١ֻҪǸλϣЧ̫ӣǾһù
ʢǸˣţȻҲῴô졣ʢŵʢ׬ˡ
̧кţʢݲǶԵģΪһΣͲ֪ԼûôõĻȫˡʢȪȻдʢȪʢݵĶӣĹڵϣʢҲӲϵֻҪʢȪʢȻԼ̲λϡʢݲɵÿһ嶼ɱУÿһ嶼û·ʢȪҲܱ֤Լܹһֱôܱȥλϵˣôλˣôûаѱ⣿ʢݴһʼ֪һ٣Ƕ㲻ȥġ
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˼ţҪô͡
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ԴһЦɵþú棺ˣôˣ
һ۵Դ˹ȥһμ̲ôЧʡ
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ϵͷʾͬ
ԴŻϵİ빣Ǵ˲ģ¹ٰѴµټһ𿴿кβװա
ϰڰ֣ˣϵжƣȻ²ô²ֺ֣ο£Ҷ˿ûʲôףֱǩָ°աʷ̨û̵ȨвأҲ̲š
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ʢݼӸ˾ӡµã԰͵鷿
ʢȥڵʢ֮ȥ
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ٽʱĴɽ˺, Ȼٲǰ㳡ҲװǰƵŮǵ顣
µϼѾùȣϼ֮ѾҹĻ, īһƬϼ֮ȴգư
ʢݴ, վĹ㳡, ȫʢȪӰ
ʢݴվ˺Χ, ãȺȥ
֮ǰʢȥһͨоմѣԼĵ͵ЩϳԼصȥһ
ƱʢﻹЩ㷲ǹٳ, ϲŭֲɫ»ֵ
˫£, ʵǱԼĴŵƱ, µＷȥ
µĽŴһټķءﾭŮһЩˮŵ
մ¸ɮ, ֻɮ˴նԼܹõɮָ㣬Ҳ֣ܼõɮ, Ҫš
ɿʢ, ԴӹƷ֮󣬱Ҳû˶ĵط, ȥﶼйٱ, ˵ȱõ·
ʢݱ, ˷رߣͲСˣ˼ȥЩ̡
סصʯ΢˿
ʢģ˶ĵطһһʢѾͷǺ
λ壡һôˣ
һʢݵַסʢݻͷֻһݵӣһػطһɫ޲ۣɫס˿ȥ˹ģǶˡ
ʢݴһûʲô̫ˡ
⻰û˵꣬˳˹ֱӰӼʢݡʢһӺǻȻײһʢݣ˫۵סʢݡֹ˳ӵ
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ӷʢʯ£Ƿһ񣺡ͺˡұˣЩٽȥɡ
ʢ΢΢ͷʵ֪γƺ
ӣ΢Цʱݡ
лʱӡʢݱȭ
ʱת΢΢´лȻӰʧȺС
ʢݴŴȻʲôæȥĶĹĵһƬֵ
Ƿֻ˵˽ʱŵĵص㣬û˵καĽͷʽѵҪƱһֱǻУŶԷ
ʢݲˣ׼ŶԷϾԷͷСȺ׾١
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෺ŻƹǳĻ֮Уյ׺øӷ
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ʢݲԾվյƣְק׹ŵȷʵһ鱻ֽסʯͷ
ƣǵʷȥԼߵǽڵ֮£лʢ˵Ʊͻʢ
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ʢһæȥƱͳʱ򣬷ȻֻһŰֽ
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ʱݡʱݣ
Ѳǡ
ʢݵвЩ̲Ҫİ
ǰһھڽԺ
һʱ䣬һڼĵ԰ＫϧƷڼʱﾡʧǴ漰޵ĵؽ磬ʱ֮˹ȥ顣бıڵأȫҡ
һΪǼΪǾϲ֮󣬷ЩűҵſҪԿһתܿ
ǼΪֻǷЩΪ
ȵµ˲鵽ڵĸۡΧȥʱ򣬷ѾʧӰ١
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ʢݻսֽһֳץղǸߵӣ˻û߳ȥ
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ͬĺ𣬶ʱȺңʢѾǰֳģÿһ˿ƣܿȺͱƣ˲ſ¾Ƕڵϡ
ղŲʢݵǸˣЩȺ档
ʢݻţΧµˣһһŵɨȥа𣿲ôˣΧôٱأȺߣôߵóȥѾнӽҵҪصءûܳȥǿ϶

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쿴쿴
ڵϵȺȻ̧ͷȥϣʢȻͷ֮һůǿҵĹâ
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ʢԼЩٱǣֻؿʱݴذΧзˡ
ʱݵľ޴ƷĴɽ룬ɽ뵲ס˷ٶȣɽܼ֮ɭʱǨһԾ£ȵ֮ϣȻһϴС
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İ΢΢Ŀץҡ
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ֻصʦҵġ֪ᱻ紵ƬӦ㡣Щ׷Ϻ󡣡
ʦܵʱݽץסֵļ򣬡ʲô취ĵ
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ⳡص޷죬ûܲӵֻҪͲô׵سȥ
ſӵԼΧ֣Ψû뵽˾Ȼֱߵµ棬Ӿ޿ѵĵطķʽ˳
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΢΢ʱףˡ
ʱͷӻͳһƱݸ룺ˡ
ӹһᾡתӵġ
ʱݳ̾һѵóһˣȻ
ЦˣʱҲ˰ɣ㺢һùŸͺ񡣡
һΪʱһᵽˣʱеˡ
γŷ͵ܳģЦݣȻʱݴ˸ֵǸһȥˣǧұܰȻ´ңҿɲˣ
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һ͵һƺȸ֪ʱ˭ˣæǰֵ÷зıմ챦ʧֱʣ
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ЦˣȻΪĹգܳһӵķǵĹ˵ȥﶼʱҵʱһѾ˲ҵҵǷߣ߼临ӣԽԽѽߣշԽҲһЩҡ֮ĻšʱҲҵ׬ǮĴŻЩĹңֻҪʱƵĹңΪֹû©ǵĹȥҲ
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ȸλү·˲ʵû뵽ȥһ󰸽Լĸ׶
Цǰ˵ЩҴűһ临ӣʱСС;ͿԾ⿪
ȸ죺ǲ鰸ûзʱ𣿡
֪Σû֤ݰΪЩլԺǺýȻȻʹҲĻԺֻ֪ʱҵߣֲ֪ʱʲô򡣼ʱÿһ˭Ҳܱ֤²ĸ߼޻ʱҡʱΪԼףùٸ˽ȥѲˡȷʵûзκοɵĵط
ּȸȣʱݼ־󰸣ĸҲʱңֻĺƷϴšͳȥ͵ķ빫һ㣬ѧĶƫʵΪϣʲôѧȻķȴǼͨϳṦԨһŵĻ֮ټʱ洫ݡǡԼ͵֮δʧ֡
Ҳͷ˺ʱݾð͵񫣬ĳ͵
ȸСʲô཭˵ǵһμ˵е֪ӦʲôЩ¡
͵ָ͵ȷ𣿡ȸһֵĴ˵˽һЩġ
ͷǡԤʱ͵ʱѾˡʱ͵Ѿĵزû֪ǴȥΰЩ͵ȥġֻ꣬͵˽һ͵š˶ʱĻʵʱı
͵ôණˣȸʡ
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⣬ЦøˣΪʱһλĹץסˡΪԼСֻˡ֮Ϊǹϴ֣Ҳûг͵ˡ
ȸ˵ʱҪˡңʱʱֵʱ򣬵˵˵Ķġ
ǡӢѹ˹ذȸпһ䡣
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һĻôҲΪ롣뿪ȥյĲҵٲҪȥϴꡣ
ãǲĵġ
Цǣȫӵġһӣٶ
ȸŶƱζӳ£İЩӶ͸𣿡
ͷŰɣֻǹֻ⳥Ҳ򲻻ˡ
ȸ죬΢졣
ֲ˵Խǽ
*
ʢûץʱݣֻձسǡ
ⳡڴɧңٲ˻ڳϽʢûʱ俼ϻʢ
δ޵һƬ
һӿ˽ŲŶ룬ʢʢȪӱ޳ˡ
ʢ˼ʢݻˣæվ˵ʢݵߣ˰⵽ʲôȪȪˣԺʢˣ
ʲôʢûס
ʢ˵һ飺ȪӲˣǸɱǧĶȪ
ʢݵͷĿѣʢæʢݸס˶񣬿ʢȪֻʢȪ۾԰סϣڡ
˿𣿡ʢʢˡ
ʢҡͷ
ʢ˫ֽգ˭ΪУܵץ֮ȴԼĶֵ˭
л˵
ʵʾԤաʢɽӡһǣʱסԤİλ


263 ݾ 
̲ӣȴûˡ
ҹ治Ӧ˺, ӦðץˣȥЧҵĶ
ˡץ𣿡ʢ˿ʵ
ûУ̫ƻ, ͶϤҵжʢҡҡͷҪĴ㡭
ʢ, ޵øˡ
ʢݺǾɥ, ͷа, ԷȻÿһ㵽ˣ֪ղץǡصһ͵ƱͷжʢȪ˻
ץסȥƱ, ҲץסʢȪͻˡ
Ǹ˺Ѿ֪ϻڴ², ɽж, ֪ͨˡʱǸƣǰվĶ
˵, ֮ǰ˾Ѿϵ˽콻ʻֵ״
Էб
˭ı£㵽ÿһ
ԵصĽǺ
ʢݾ, ýһ͵, һǽſ
ô˵Ͷ, ϶ǻˣ, ȥæ, Ҳûʲôˡ
ôҳ֮ϵľأ
ʢݻ̫ʦ£ر۾
Ȼʲô۾͵һſ
Ӽ
ЩʱķзǸӣסĺƷϵĹ߾ʦӼ
˵Ѧӿȴ밲ǰЩʱʷ̨Ϊ˽⣬һҲΪǸ
뼾йᣬô֮£ǰüڳ֮ġ
ʢȪҲǹӼģ
һҲڹӼƿ֮У
뵽ʢٿһվӣͫһˣһֻܲôľ֣
̫ӵĶ֣ȻǸö۹δһһƾһҾסĹӼ
*
ڶգ̲оѾ͵Ѻ̲ˣһƬ˵վѾ̵̣һη
㿴Լľ鴦ն壬˹ȥ
Լˣ˹Ѿԭؽ֮⣬һ͢ȶʮȻιѺֱֻնס
̼죬оûգЩ̵˷ֱ͵˳Žпʵնס
ն֮գյļȫ˷ǵİ֮֮
Ϊʲôǻ̰īӣ˻Ǵնˣ
ӵİˣǲŪˣ
ףף
֮ϣ̲նʢ̨Ⱥ޵ˣ˿
˶ʢݣʢˣǻ̰īӾͿԼ̵𣡣Ϊʲôǻӣǳ̣
ʢˡ
ʢ΢ͣؿЩٱڷ֮ˣƴذ
ʱ̣ʢóӣžضڵϣʱ̡̣

ס
ү
һ̣Χ޺죬Ҫѷ
䣬֮˷׷ͷءЩС˲εǷ˻ȥ
֮ܿҲµ˱յļС
ÿϽӵּ⣬Ǽʡ
ô£ǻ̰īôն壿
һй
ӾնףŮǱҲʰϸһ˾
һԼѪдһݷѪ飬ھ׸ǰĻԩ
׸ʱ򣬿׸һصŮӣǵ϶һѪ飬Ҫϳ۸
׸ȸֵͷϣʹܽһǳɵ
ЩŮӹΧۡ
һʱ侩׸УѿһٲĽֵµˮйͨǳ˶޷ͨ
㵱ѸÿճȺԩŮӶɢȺ԰һѪϸϸ˽ȥ
ЩŮӵ˵²С¡
Щ˽һٰʮҶ̲վΪ֤
Ϊʲô̲ڲþֻδ᣿
ʢͬڽʿһѧֻ˹ϵ׺񣬵ͬڵڣʢȪϣһֱа
Σ־޴ǹһѹסġ
ʵһʼͲΪԼҽ̰īһʼͽ˻ǻдվݣһʽݣһݻһ̲һݽԼ˱ܡ
ôЩûаӽǽ̲
ڹ֮ϣſһ߿Ůãһľ˶Ϣ̧ͷϡ
źһѪ飬λѪ飬Ѿȫһ飬Ҫϳ֮˴µ˽⡣ԣ̰īһٰʮӣûм̵Ļ±Ҫ£̲
ˣһλ΢곤Ůӣ̧ͷ޵Щ϶ͷ̨ģǼĶǵķסӡӣǶǱ˼ҲŴôӴĿŴȥ빫ӣǵĲҵյģ
ǰˣ
һҪ
ˣȾҵĶӰɣ갡
˰
һ˺ŮӶź
㱻һˣһ˺ͷۣ˵̫࣬Ѿ֪Ҫ˭˵ˡľ£ྲྲ
̾һ±֮ϱ͢λġһһ˵ǶŮӣͷ¶಻㡣̫࣬һһĺ˵ʲôѡΪҲãÿѯʽҲգܹ鲻ҪôһˡǿΣ
⻰һµŮӽͷӶܿǾѡĸΪ¼
ĸ˾Ǳҵķˡˡˡˡˡ
λ˿ȥҲЩΪصļ
Ѿѡˣˣλ£˶Ȼȥա
˵˶ֻܰĿͶλˡ
շ֪Ǿӽ£鶼⹫һܺáʱȸˣֵòСն֪ôһԱݵŮھ׸ſõŹԩ
ĵӣʢݹϵٺãҲϰף¾׸ûбҲ档
շ໥˿˷λСǶȥգѪ鹫˶Ѿյˡ飬빫̸ǶҸסĵط£֪ҪòŪ
ǳԼ֮⣬ڱļ塣
ΪҲšˡ
ȻԼҿԻʺһ죬ȴҲǹٻ˼ҡڳϵҪһЩ
ڱԱҲǣߴţҲл쵽õϡ
˷ûвĵ໥˿׷վز߳˾׸
׸⻹¿ϷİգЩŮӶˣû󻰣Ҳ׷ɢȥ
ǱһȺŮӣѪõŹ£ȴѾˡ
һõϢȻǲϢ
Ǵ£Ϣ󵱼Ÿš
ĿϢɹſۣһֻŸϰź˫ĵأһԾ𣬽ŲȻ̳ʣһԾɶߣݶ׷ֻ˼żܽϣץסֻϰźŸ롣
һǰԺ
ֿŸúһȦһȦһСͲ̧Եɽ裬һƬҶӣǺһɨ߱㱻ҶĸϣǸСͲֵ
ַŸ룬Ŷ룬ϵСͲڼϣϢļš
еıʣСͲùһǩӣСͲֽͱ˳
³ţվǰżϢ
Ϣļţһ𣬶֪һЩϢϢĹɡ
һϢǿ쵽ϢϢǱǼš
ͷȥ
յȥ׸õŹˡ֮󣬰ŷ¯ˡ
Ŷ
ŽջƱƽʱҪ࣬Ҳԭˣ
׸˵ճ̰ī̲ûнȥˣ壬ոȫҪɱյķסˣдѪ顣Ӧ¡
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ǡӦһͲ˵ˡ
죺ųʲô
šűʣͷʲô֪
ӽͿϷһ̿ʣ̿ѹһֽֽһЩֲڵ
ʵڻʲô
е̿ͷƺһѵ⣬˵Ҳûš޸ͼֽ
ͼֽ鷴Ӧѹǡ徸ϵľͼֽ
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ߵߣ޸ĵͼֽһ󳵡
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͵ǿֱһء
Լ󳵵ͼֽ޸ĳһǵսֽ޸˺ܶദͼֽѾ޸ĵĿȫǣˣֲȫͼֽȥҡ
ͼֽǵ۹ĸߵȾ»ܣͼֽǱ徸ƳģЩͼֽҲ֡
˰ΣЩй飺Ҫ˰æ
鿴ʲôˡ
ʦܣʱݡĺƷĽ֪٣
üţĺƷɵͳƣҽҽ翷䣬ԨŶݼסʦҽȵѦΪʦֵ书ǳ翷塭ʦǹԨרоŶݼ֮԰ɣ
ͷʵһиʦܣҲڹԨһл֮ǼǵĹģ˼ҵЩ֮Ϊ
ʱң壬걱ʧլ֮ڶδ˵ҲΪʱΪǶǽΪ˸Ǹ͵һЩɫʣŰǿаʱݵϡ
͵ġЩΣ˵û
һ£ص˵ͷʱǼҵҶü临ӵĻܽ⿪Щģ㣬¾ֻ㷽ᵽλʦ˰ɣ
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Цţ̧ô磬֮һնϵˡ
Ȼû뵽֪ô飬תһ룬жƿֿУ಻ܴóߵĻǴӺ۹ġ
ĳ˵ֿܻõϢԶȲϢҪöࡣ
ҼǵñְλŰɣ
ʱݽ
ͷڻⷽо൱길ͼֽҪЩֻһġȻƱͣ˰ľҲҪ½Ҫ˵ʱ򡣡
Ĭ
ǹ˼ݣ
ҡͷǵǡʱҼҲʱݼȳļͥȻǲȱʱµ飬Ҳʢ֮١óһ˼֮ˡ룬ǲӦðһ٣泯͢ѡһЩ˲ţ򲹽ְƷϵĹԱȨƷ֮µģһȨġ
ҿԡ
ʱݣҪƼ𣿡ʵ
Ƭ̵죬úȥӸۿڣԼǱ硣
Ǳ磿ü
ͣǹġ£ȺΪסǼ֮󣬱徹ɱ徸Ѿ˶˳šǧֻʣʮˡǽУѵҪЩ򡣡
صͷʲôʱ棬Ҳȥ
˵˵ҪȥܻԼҲӢϹү֮ˡʱݵķϾҪ裬Ȼңɵ׻ҪЩʱա
пŵ£ڷˡ
һſڣԼţЩżȱö࣬һʱҲ롣ȥŰա
ͷ첲˶ӡ
ȻȻסĸ첲ֹǣԹ֮ǰǿϢϢڲϢ齻ˣоЩͼֽôúã
ףվȥ÷ա
鲻̬ȣתѼѹߣ˫ֳűأԼĻòõĿⶢ
סҿֻܲͷ˵ɥе鶼ıţڿеʱȽ϶࣬ܶһͶһ㣬һǶ㲻©ҲЩˣлѱռƬظջӻõʱ򣬶Щȵգҿܾôˡ


264  
ʢһߵʵǸߡ
ôˣü
η, ǰǰڻµĺ֢ȻҲһֱϾĺƷ
۵סͷĶ, ֪Լģʱ֣
⻰˵üûûƤ, ɫˢһ¾ͺ, 飺㡭ôЩ
㶼Ӧˣ˲ͱһίģ, Ƿˡֲ֮áһʲô
⻰Ѽµ޻˵
һ̣ڶַ˯ǻӣûбҪίԼŵΪԺãǱ
ǿ, Ϊ
, ԼĴصĴϣҾԼӦɫȻѸ֡
ĿϾһ, ־Ͱְϣһַֻסͷ, ѹȥֱ룬һ۳ɳĽһ㣬赲һһӶķҷ
, Щվ, ֻԼֻû׽ס֣ס½
顭
ÿÿ˵ʲô, ᱻݺݵȥ
ȡһ, Ҫˡ
ŷŹ, ǹ̵ˮ̧ͷȥұԼˣһ̲̾סȥݡ
ŰͷС˶Ѵߵˣʱҡţ
һ£̧ͷѧģ
㣬Цһ㣬ʦͨ
*
롣ƽߵš
æе˱ȥţƽôˣ
ƽЦԶ̺ŵĴƹϢ˵׸ȥһ˾׸
׸ü˵ȥʲô𣿡
ƽӻóţǲϢӡ£Ұȥ˲ϢǺ¸š
ӹſһ飬ž֪ˣƽȥæɡлл
⼸ڼƽÿնҩͷ
ƽ˵ôĻͲˣӣ⼸Ǽ٣˲ɣ
æǡƽҴһ·¡һ·չҵĶһֱǵáҸĸǳ֣ĺƽҲǳ¡֪һֱҵһҶ˸лǰҸѸߣ̫ˣ¡ôĸۡܲס
ƽ㣬߽һЩ⺢ӣӺأѦҽأ£Ҳһκõġǲٵģ̣ϵرģҲĵģʲô¡
ƽüͷĸɽһЦˣûµģ߹͵཭֣رҪ飬ӻСҡ
ƽͷ֣Ǹˣ֪һֱϲǣҲСˣܲһŹӰգˣܹҪ뿪Ƿ֮صġҿӶ԰²û˼㡭
ƽû˵ȥ֪ƽȰҪôִ
ףá˵ȹߵˡδȢδޣұʮױȢ֪ԸЩǳѵ˶ҸĻţΪҲһֱҡƽİգӵʱԶˡҵĺӣһ
ƽ뿪˲١
ʵһʼԼûռе˼ݸûпʼ
ϲҲһֳݣһͣһָж
У벻ԸԸĳ䣬Ʒ
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úúáҪףǾˡƽͷ
ʰһ£ȥ׸
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֮ŵ׸۰׸ƫڵͷЩѪ顣
ˡڹİǰվȭһ
̧룬һƣա
ЦЦͲˣʲô´ұǡ
ͷȷʵһ¡
Ű˵һ飬Ȼ֤һ顣շ˶˵Ϊ˽̰ī˼ҲЩҲ󲿷ֶӵԶ̺롣д£
ͷȷд¡֮ǰĴСʹ¡ţ˴񣬶ҲΪ¡ԲõƹԶ̺뱱ղҵȫһݣ˹
˵ʹͳһֽ˫ֳȥ˹İϣ˻ԭλЩܳ飬ҲԶ̺ŵӡ¡ϣܹﵽˡ
ǰֻ˵Զ̺ŵӰ磬о
һȻ鴫
֮ǰбҶڹٸҪ̬ȼáӦѾǰ뵽˾׸Ŀģұ˶
ЩһһŷȻüͷһʵЩҲǶǼģ
صǣʱ͢İȥݵ˲ǣ㡣ǽõֲ̼գ³ǣԼϵԶ̺ţϣԶ̺ܳµĲҵӦ֪Զ̺ŵڶϲҪҵһֱЩ˰ѿأֲֲ̼֡Ϊ˲Щ̰īӣ˴ģԸĲҵԶ̺šЩڸظﶼд浵˾ɵġ
õ֤ʵܳΪ֤ſʼЩȴΪ˴Ǯ뾡һа취
ȻΪʲôԵм۽ɵļǮôҵԶ̺ţ
ⰸӱˣʱҪǰ֤ϣӻϡ
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и񣬵ҲΪµ˱⡣
һݹڹպ£Ҳ˵ǡʵҪһ˸Զ̺Ϣһӱ޵ظϻֻǱӣȷʵҪȥһˡ
ΪѣҲǿáҲС
ǰڰǰԼĿڹҰӡ
һ´¾ˡ
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ѵΪ˾Ķӣ
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ҹ͵ʢţŷȥ֪ͨʢݡ
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㶢ʢãû˿η壬ΪԼһٰʮӶеڡ
ʢƹ̲֪ɷӦ֪˽һٰʮʲôĽȻѾ׼ֺԣ
Ҳȭˣʢ֣รˡ
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΢ݼ¡Ŷ۱ȭһ
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۴Է˷Ѫ飬Ȼֿ˿̲վݵ֤ݣһܰѰӵݵǰǱضѾ֤ݲˡ
ӵǼǵգֻǰĹѼô֤ݣⰸӰ鼰򵥣һĿȻûʲô۶ĵط
۰еĶݸ졣
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鿴ʢݣʢ˻лҪΪԼ⡣
Ŀʢϣ㲻˵ӵ䣬˵˵ġ
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΢в֪ʢʱΪʲôҪ
ʢݼо仰΢Ҫһʱ£ڱʵ֮ĵһΪΣ
۳Ĭվһߵӷͬ
ʢȭǡӷͬɱðǣĲ̫ӣ̫ӵĸԻʺĸңѵҪնɷԼҲһʵʩն֮𣿡
˵۵Ŀ
վһߵ˫£һȻȴѾ֪ʢݵ·ʲôˡ
ʢݼû˵Ҳ˵Իʺз֮飬̫ĸ֮飬³йĸ֮𣬵ϣֻŹԼˣʹļ˵Ϊ㹻ڸʥĺҪǧţ붫ʷᣬΪʷһλôϱ˴ǣγ鱱̰īһⱱȷʵ޿ˡΪ̲飬ҹѰôñ山ٳٳ壬ܱȫ΢¡Իʺ̫֮֮أ
ʢ˵һݣ΢޶ۣ벻õķӣֻرϽɵӣһƬƽʢ֮󣬱ļҴȥеĲҵãȫȥٳֻҪЩ֮ˣ޺֮ǡҲֻ˵£΢ʢһʱ̰̰īһٰʮӣķʱ΢ʷ£ȿԹȫʺ֮ķ֮飬ҲԹȫ̫֮丸֮飬ԼұеõˡϾԼȷʵ̰īӣӦᴦ
ޱŹڵϵʢݣþò
鴹пʢһߵʵǸ


265  
λ̫ѡĸ
ά, һٰʮӣԼĶӣԼ, Ըǧ
봧Ħλ˼ȷʵܼ
ѹʢЩ̫εô졣
˼֮, ȴ֮»Ʊ, Ի֮壬Լʢò˵ʵ黬, 黬öûκδɡ
ϾվĻ죬л̫󣬻飬Щϸ˵Ƕ۵ĳӡ
һôΪ룬ȴø촦³, ƱҪгӵġ
̧һ۶, һ˵
˶Ĭ, ϸϸǰ¡
̫ʹ֮ɫϾʢڽ, ʢ뿪̲λã飬ͲĲٿ֮ˡ
ۣʢݵĸıӰ, һȻ
ϧ֮ɫ, ʢݲô˽ݾ, һһ, һӡһӡ̤ʵ, Ϊڶλ׸ʵȨ
ζӳ£ҲǶ̾Ϣ
ڣ۵ɣ
ʢһݣǡ΢֮·Ȳݣ̫ӵ΢Я֮΢о֮塣΢Ըѳά귨֮ϣ
⻰˵ĺ䱯׳ֺƯ
һˣʵ֮ź
һĬ۲Żڵ£ʢ˼Ǽǣǹûйȫ֣û뵽ôࡣʺз̫꣬и֮飬ֻҪԼһ棬ȴûһĺʲô̰īһʾ˱ٳܣһ鶾βܣȷʵΪʹᴦҪɱɱɾ
е˶ĬĬţ
۵£ʢǴӴֿǣ˴ֱʼ棬һٰʮӣпԭվҲ̰֮£ò׷
ʢ̧ݾߵ֮Ȼӵ΢ȫƾ³ʹްԹԡ
۵Ŀǰð̽׶Σ׻ˡ»¸գ´ɾ֮󣬳͢⹫˽رսӣ̰ī֮ﴦ㳭ңǧɻʲôҪģһˡ
ʢֱһݣ΢л¡ֻһ£Ӧʡ
۳˵
ʢݵ΢ȮʢȪ΢ĹλŰ衣΢ţǿԣ΢Ȯ빬һڹ٣๤ҲգźҲգȨ
ۺ𾪣ʢݾȻԸԼĶͽﾻһˣ
ʢѾʣ³ȫ
΢΢ɫ
һҳڲ࣬ǰһССҪѵʲôأ
áӦʣﱡ
ﱡǷڡ
ȥʢ԰ʢȪ.̡ۿһ졣
ﱡصǣȥ
û£ɢ˰ɡ˦һ˦֣˽˳
̫󲻽ǰţʢݲԾظš
˼䣬첽׷ﱡ
ʦ֡ﱡﱡפȭ¡
ʦһߵſڡ˵ձԹԵǰȥ
ﱡü֪«ʲôҩֻܸϡ
ð¿ʲô
ﱡЩƥһƥĺѪ
ŶЦȻʦԣҲͲʲôˡ
ﱡӻֻʵ볼л˵
üûоͲܸʦһߵſڣ
ﱡĬ
ʦֿ֪ʢΪʲôҪԼĶ빬ڹô
ﱡĿ飬Ȼ
ʦ־þʢȪĶӦ֪һգ׿Žµשˡ
ﱡȻ֪ʢȪĶУڹﵱ֪ӿڳ仰Ӳǰ˺ǰΪӣϲ¸ķġ
ﱡֻ˵ʣҲۡ
֪ﱡҲǿػֻʢһٰʮӣʵȥǸĶˡʢȪ²˼Ǻޣڰڼ䣬˻ӣڹ졣ʢȪãɵ˹棬ȴôúܡ
ﱡ˼֮󣬲Żڹʱʱ̿עʢȪ
㻹ڹﵱʱ򣬲ӴȨġ˺Ȩ󽻺á
Ҳһǰôˡ
ﱡδ˵꣬ЦŴϵʦЩǰУʦûֶΡµֶΣ㼴ûѧڱ徸Ҳ˰գ
ﱡһᵽ徸ȥǰҵˣȵԣ
̯ˡ
ﱡ΢΢һ㶣ʵ֪˵©ˣ
Цû˵֪ȷթ㡣
ﱡһ
û£Ҹһա
ﱡֱվסˣ顣
ĿᣬҪæ
ֱ˵ﱡü
˵ﱡԣͷﱡߵڸͼֽ
ﱡһͿ飬಻˼顣
鸺ֶʲô¶˵ˣȻʲôҲͲˡټϵ齻ȥ࣬кܶϾĹ򣬱Щ顣
ﱡף¾Ͳҡ
㲻ġ΢ЦţҵģߡҲߡ
ﱡĿǸ߿ˡ
һֱ㵱ʦֿκϣһֱ߿һۡ
ﱡ죬ӿ˽Ų˵
Ҳţֻǿ뿪ıеΪȥΰͱ⣬ҾӦóȫǡԼҪ㱣־룬ʦ־ͲԴ˰գ
*
ʢһ·˶鷿
Ѿ鷿ˡ
£ЩŭľΪβ˵һ
ʢݵֹ΢̫ӵµΣ£΢Ҳпԡ
ԣû뵽ʢڶƣݡ
ʢһɫͷ
ʢݵı鵹ǼٵģǷ£ʢô˵
˿°ͣʾʢ˵
ʢݵͷص΢Ķӱ˰ˣӡ΢ղôӣֻܶرսӵͷʢȪʢҶӣΨһĶӣҲؿ˰ȥܾڷ
ԣӣǽˣһһ̲飡Щ֮̾˴򽻵ڽ˽Ǯʱð˸ˣ
ʢݵͷԷǽһ͵ʱݳ֡û뵽Էͷô󣬿öѾ͵ԣ˶ӡ£΢ڴ²һץˣû뵽ʱƴߵġձ缫ܵļ죬ǵû׷ϣŽˡ΢ûзӣŵǰ΢Ϊлأ˭Ѿ΢е·ˡ
ʢ仰˲ȡؼ㣬ֻ˫£ȵվš
΢޿˵İ취ʢͷ£΢˵ĵδǵƣʧأ
⻰ô˵ģʢݻͷһת㷲
ʢݵһ£΢ΪʲôȻֻ£ƵóòŲó͢ľ޶
ԣת˼Ȧʢ˵ʲôˡ
˵£㣬ʵң
ʢݿղʿѵûв𣿡
һ£ʵѲ¡˳ļΪ
üô֪
мԲοһʢȪ˰ܣ𱻽պĵһ͵ߡ´Ӱ˿ʼˣֻнֻн֮ˣöˡǵãĽսйصġԤ⵽ձ֮󣬰ʱܣĪ
ڶ뼾ߵðɰǣͷ̲ЭҪȥ̫ӵеԼ֮ΣѾ̲ȴǱסˣ¸ûҪ̫ӵһȫˣҪôԼңҪô̲Ҫһ
밲һ߻µˣֻǸƾһ֮סո߾ʦӼˡѾ£Գ֮ʷ̨ôల˽²㣬ںôһ߾ʦڲߣҪ÷Ҫꡣ
˶٣ֵǸҪԼֻ֣΢ϵӣͻ˰Ĺ˼ǰͶαðһǰγе̲ǼԼʵΪԺ󱱷ͨϱ·£Ӵֿǣ򣬲ɫǼȫ塭ֻġ
˵ʱֻ˵ԺÿһǸ߾ʦһıôʤ̫Сˡ

ЩǵĿ
Ȼ֪ʱͶĿĵΪΡʱԼͬһ㣬·ӡ
ʢݸ֮Ͼþò
֪еĵǣ£ʼ˵Ǿ仰𣿡
Ҷܣ֪֮٣ԲŻᵼ½桭˵𣿡
ͷ£ˡ΢ֱԣԹذܣ²ǵһˣȴҲһһ
üܾú⻰ָһзأŲ£Ѿʧ顢̲ʺ֮Ȩڻеģһʷ̨ʷֻ̨һƳ͢ʵȨβһ﷭
ʲô伴ɡ
ʲô˼ԱһаԺ޷й
֪Ƿ񻹼ǵ֮ǰǰɱ£ûҵ֣
ܣҼʲôû
Ǽ£¿Ϊ밲֮棬лȸ˥΢һȻðͷѹưڵơ԰꣬ǡ
ҵȣǸڰ㾹ȻҰеϣһֶ֪˭ϣ
֪ļ٣֪ȰҲȰֻʵҲȨȫޡ̫Ҳǵµһ·
̫ѩ
ԴչѩͥԺ֮Ҫд֮ҲûȥѾû˿ãϵάɡ
ɹѩѾ֮ǰǰ¶¡
ͷ̾һùѩʧ˺ӣ֮ǰǰ𣿡
̫ĹϵѾ޷صĵز𣿡Ȼ֪һֱԹѩ䲻ȣҲû뵽ھȻֵ˲ɿ
ЦһԹҡ˵ҲЦĸ¹ѩк֮󣬹һΪӳΪǿݣӶеȨһֱ͵͵ظѩȱеҩֻһΣûбķ£ɲɵػ˺ӡӣۿ淶˺ӣôܲżΪ˺أеˡš
û˵ȥǺ鶫˽֪
ԭôԵɡ
һ򲻹˽£̫δУȻô飬ɵꡣ
˹ѩ͵ĺӣеԹޣֲǺһξܺõġ
ǰʱգһֱҪ顣ᵽѩ΢죬鲻дҲԡģҪ뿪ҡǶʱգÿնȥѩϼչȻҺɫ֪δйʱһֱǸʮŮģ
ᵽѩû飬ֻڶλϣ鶼ܸ¡
٣ѩӵ飬
ͷʵ΢һ仰֪ʲʡ
˵
λ̫֮䣬ֻѡһǻѡλ̫һְڻ
޷شѡ
δԹѩֳϲĸ飬֣ϲ
ûȫķ𣿡̧ʵ
ҡͷ̫Ļڵһл͵ء̫ң¼ǾȫֺãҲܻصǰˡ⣬±ش΢΢ܰһҪߡ
üױ۾˼õѡ̫
΢򦣬򶨵ؿ
һ·һգŷǾ仰˵ꡣ
ÿɷ
һǿһֱĿڣʹ޷
Ҫһз֮ʹҪﳹҪĿһ̣һӣԶ޷ǽʱľ
ѩ޸ŮӣʼһıԼе˼ޱؽĽ
ȴΪԼѾõĶ֪ϧ


266  
һ֣ıгɹ
Ҫڻλ밮֮ʱ, ŷ֣ԼѾһһЦԿķ֮ϣܰ, ߡ

òײŵõ˽ʱյĵλòײڶ棬Ϊ˶ˡòװ˰ꡣ
ôطΪһŮ˶Լǰ;
ôԹĸ׶
, һĺֹһʺ, ǱǻʺԼҵľ·
ѡ˹ѩڶ֮϶ܡ
Щλ, ֻѩʲôλأ
ѵҪǰһ㣬һ˱ϢĻţһλصž˵ĹնſڵĴӣţյ㣬ాﶬ, Ȼһ, ֻ, κβֱ

ôš
Ѿܹϣ޲ӡ
Ƕ۵, עӦϻλˣ
û˿赲Ϊ
̧ҪҪλ
ðԶ֪˾ġ
һݣǡ΢ȥ³ı
*
걱õİӣ˱һ˵ȵļ, ˵ҽʯҪÿϳ֮, ˵һɿڼϢա
ˣȻҲûʲô, ˳, ȥ鷿˸С, ˶۶ʢݵĴ֣ʱ̱
Ѿõ˽ϵĳó
ɨһʱݣܾЩ֣ŷ㶡
Ŷ룬ŷⷢҲֻԹԵߵѳ
һɫĽۣ洩Űɫɴ£Ե
ߵ󣬰ͷյߣʲôأ
͵һͷûһ׷󣬼ߵɫͨ죬ôû
ίûע⵽һôû
ٿ飬һӣܰѺɫôÿŮӻޣ¿ȥҪ
ӺΧȥţʲôϢôãﻻ·Ҳûһˣ
ӵķϣż˰£ؿڣɢȵϢﱻϢĺ١
ţɨһۣⲻǽ糯ÿնϳݶࡣ⼸ն½ʿ⣬ﲻף
̧չ㲻ϳôûȥ
΢΢һ㶣Ȼ˼ʵ⣬վӣ˰Ȧŵ˼˵ʢ£ǹû糯Ϲۣ
飺ⲻǺ𣿶۲빫£ȴ㡢̫ӡ˹ȥ˹飬㲻𣿡
鸺ֶ΢΢ͷôһ˵ȷʵЩ֡
󣬶ôʹʢݵģ
ǧûҲʢ˱һ£Ǿӽڹ١
΢ûˣ
ûˡʢþ֮壬֮Ƶñ²òᷢ䡣ȻǾǺгӵġ
飬ʢݵԱ磬Լ۵Ĵϸϸ˵һ顣
ǡһû˵
鼫Ϊ죬üлֱ˵
һۣ˵´һʼǰ㸸ʵ˼ģʢݲӹһ٣𣿡
鶢ż֪Ҹе⣬ڡ
飬лֱ˵Ľ磬´ΣһҪлֱ˵𣿡Ҳ飬ò
˼ѹסĵĲã㻹Թǡ
飬ٿվΪʲôף㣬Ƕۣ㲻ܰĸǿлΪһ̸¡Ϊʲôܾãԭ㣬Ϳԭµı¡̫أ
鲻ֻż
ǰǳŵģǰǳҲɵġϴ㸸ֻҪ泯Ⱥֻعҿе˶㡣ɣ㣬ԭһ㶼벻׵ĻҾҲûʲô̸ģ
üһ𣺡Ϊʲô´һʼǰҸϣķչ
̧ݣհѳ֡ǷŹԼҵΪû˿ڱȫ޳֮ļڣס棬պıƻ֪ܲۡĸʷŹԼҵɵʲô𣿡
ô֪ܲ΢ͣս
ԣ۾Ƕսպ󱱷ɹرأӵʮ˲ö˼Ҫǰһŵùһֱ㲻Ըලս¡һκη紵ݶκβΪһʱ䴫ո㸸ףڶʹ̻Ի͵ĻλϵˣȴǷ㣬ӵ£ȡ֮
һûа˭ֻԼ뵽˱֮ԼһҶ˳⣬ٳֻһƿصľ档ʾʢݣʲôӣԼڱԣʢݱϵһ̷
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ԣ㸸Сֻ̡ҪԭڱյϷ֣Щ³ɳΪԼҵ
Ϊڱðϣ˶Լҵ𡪡ڱֻԼǻ׹ݣԼٽҲڹؼʱȥ
ʱЩѵڱĹͬˣǱԼҡ
ЩѵΪٳҶУµΪ˵õԼȨıӻȻԴֺöۡ
е˦ϣٳ£һıģĳɹȴ֪ĸȡˡβ
£ʼӦýɴΪʲôһʼ¶۾ͱܿ˴£̲ȫȨ
˵һʼ۾֪ǵĿ̲Źûôµ˲£Ǻ̲̫
ҲگʢݣΪ£ʢˣ̫ӣǵ¡ʢ󰸣ȴҲûΪܵĴ֣ǧ̫붫۵շѲ·ϣ
Ķӽڹ٣ֻҪ踺أڹǰ㣬綼ԸʢҡϾһһĶӣ𣿣
ڳҡǣ޻̸֮ΪʢȪʢʢ˰мҲ
ʱȥʢ೭ǧӣʢݶԲκʧʢһߣȻҶְ̲֮
һ֣ۼǸһƣһ棬̲λãԼңڰвһĺеĻ¶ʢһ˱ˡ
˵лԹ㣬һǸˣܹеĽԭ
ټ㼤ģϱ鵭ȻʵŭաڽԼϵȻزסй
۵񣬶ԻʹǸʹ
֪˵ͷͷǵû취
ĸǻʵۣĻʹȨƿִĹ˶ѹƵȨľ档ôԼеȨ˷ֵ
ǸԼϲĶҲԣ
еĵ
Щ飬ҪСͲЩııﳤļ˵أ
߹ȥǣס֣ôί𣿡
üʲô
ǵĳԡֻҪһͳ˭޹ء
ɬҡͷĲҵ˼㸸ˣ»λǱ㲻հ飡
黺£ԼĴ㣬ҾûΪʳΪȨοǸ߸ϵĻʵ۱¡еȨӦġ
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鶢żǲ鵽ʲô˿
ȥƬ֪ΪʲôƬչĽҲûгľһֱһƬ𣿡
˶ԩ꣬Բľص
ƭС˵ǣҲţЦˣΪƬ֮񶼻δոɵĻͣôһƬ֮£͸ŻͣƬ޷ľ
Ĭš
ֵûΪʲôôɣʱе佫ۡȫڶƬ򣿣Ǳ߳죬Ȼôȫڳǳ˭ܰѴ͸佫լȫͬһƬ򣿣
˵£ûеȨ˵ģ׼˵˼
ڣ㻹öۣǸ̫ӳĻʵ𣿣㳹鱱ã׮׮ͷôô˳ѵûһ𣿣
˵ģˡǻǲ֪곯¼򡣻ʶǼԤıǶ֪Ԥıʲôڿֻǽôϡ
ߵߣסļ򣺡㲻úȥǿ鲼üĿ𣿡

̫ɽ뷭̣΢΢ͷڳ֮ϱȫ֣Ȿ¡ģǰꡣ汱徸ոһ£ֻҪ̫ӵ̨ǾͿԽ󳯶¼ڶ£Ҫһܵļƻҵõµ֧֡
΢΢Ŀ˵ʲô϶дšΡ֡
֪ǲȨһûüֵͻ⡣ǣڿʼŸʣвͻᱻסѱΪҵɡ֪ͬ˵ô˵ԸѶϡʵڻʱ򣬾Ѿˣ浽˲òԱʱҴӦ㣬һķΪԼΪ㣬ҲҪзֶΡ
ԣ̧ͷ飺ģ
ͷʮսɱ¾ǰֻԼһˣˡ㣬Ϊ㣬ҲΪˣһҲһ촦Ҫǣѹҿɲܿѹ
ü
Цˣ˵ģҴӲڲˡ
ͺáüչһЩ
ãһˡô˵һ˺֡
ΪǸһЩҾм£Ƿɡ
صͷֻǰӺ󹬽ӳǲ޼ɵɡĸԸ뿪ʹ𣿡
üҲ֪ȥˣڣĸڱʲô顣ĸǴϻۣһֻҪϵͻһ𸴡㣬ĸԸ빬ʲô취
ĸԸıǻҪһ˵İæǸˡ
Ȼſڴŵ£ǰݷá
ü˵ܲٲܲپ͵
ͷ
ȥ˵Ǽɱ㵽ת߰ɣȥʦ֡
˵ﱡڲɽʱʦ֡С㸸߳ͱѧҲӦñ硣ȻûʦʦƣʵҲʦ֣𣿡
ʵΪʲô
ġ
Ϊʲô
ΪҪİô򵥡
̾һǰǰǵƷ׶۹ְôҲʦʦˡ˽飬ƾʲôǣ
ﱡΪң۾
ҡͷǣҾǾãǡ
ﲻȥ˲֪߰ɡǣ֣ʦڰŰɣ
û˵ŶȥŷӼˡ
ﱡϺȲ衣ȭҪ񣬵ǿǣżɫͱЩѿ
һǷ¡
ûˣʦֲö񡣡
л¡ﱡֱĿȴʯϡ
ɿ֣ǰһʦ֡
ﱡһ̧ͷżҺεºܡ
ﱡһ𣬼֪롣
Ǽ·ʱʦֻڲɽϲɽѧգǸ׵ľʦֲһֱڻ
ﱡ̧˿ܣ֮ǰ棬ȫӱ΢ſ˻ͷ徽ǹߵģ𣿡
Ĭ˰Σص˵ʵʱһС֪Ϊʲôߡʱų֪ʲôΪİΣ룬Űߵġ
ﱡصͷ徽һűһѺ֣㣬һı㣬ֲ๡
ﱡżʵȡЩ𣿡
ͷѦʱոһҩǺáȱϴμʱöˡ
ﱡ΢ۣ΢Ѧҽտ㣬Ƿĵġ
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ǡﱡԥ£ǹڸĵͼֽҲơҸű徽һ֪Щı׶ǸĽͼֽӦܸٽ顣
ͷ˼Ƭ̵޸ͼֽҲһһϦ顣ʦڵݣҰ˵ġҪطͼֽԼʱڼ档
ﱡд⡣
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ﱡζ飺ˡ΢ܰˡ
΢Цʦֵ˼˵ǰʦãԸ⡣ʦܣͲԸˣ⡭ʰɣ
ﱡü²ǿʶ
΢΢ף֪ﱡ̬ȡǳ¼徸˶ڻ𺣣ﱡӲɽһ֪¼࣬ҲȥԣΪǰ
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ﱡ΢΢üҡͷйڳŵİ˱µҡҪԿײܴ򿪡һڱϣһϡʹɭϣȥ϶ǽȥġ
Щǰһйڳŵȥû볯Ĺʡ
ﱡüţҵɽʱǼ¹ȥаˡʹ֮ǰǰǶ˵Ǽ֮ǰġ֮ǰǰ͵˱𴦣֪
һ顣
⣺ȻЩ˵ˣӦм¼
۹ǰֱֻۣɻʵͳ졣ǰһػʹԺһػʹ֮ⶼǣȥûʲôǰĵεȴǹܡ
ﱡԣֵ½Ѿųȥʹˡ½˵Щε־ѾΪԭ򣬴˹٣ԭ
ԭһʣʦȥҹЩ𣿡
ﱡͷóȥ°µĻᣬȥ̽ѰˡûҵȥΧھ߷ùھӶ˵֪ʲôʱûסˡ
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˽ǳĬƺҲ˼顣
ĽǵլԺڶţǱΪ֮ôһƬͣǰúõģ˵Ȼһ뷨ҼǵЩ٣кܶ඼Ǹȵһɽġ
ѵȻ뵽һֿܣ
˼˼ĬãӻүүʼѾ׼һɽЩ佫ˡ
кȻֿڴϵĶԻ˵Ű裬˭ǸλϣҪ뾡һа취ȥ
²̫붫ȥҲȥ
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Щʱٸܵ˵ľģʢȪǰ㣬ʢȪǰ㣬˭õǷȨʧҡ
ʢȪҶ徭йšЩĽɶǴֲʶһç
֮ˣοЩ鲻أ
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û˵ʲô
ǰԼó¼ԭ򲻼򵥣ʼնȥ롣
ʱԽ˳֮ЩȨ֮˵ԽЩڳŵĽǾȡ
ɣͷһԼ޿ˡϾЩڳ¼бǣ޹Ů캢ͯǣڲӰС
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ﱡ
ﱡǼΪʲôǼ¶Ѿˡ˲ܸŵˣʼնҪš𣿡
촽סۿдתᡣ
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ﱡϸƴһ㣬Ƭڵϡ
һֱƬ֮ǻļµϣ
ﱡ˼飬ʵҲǼһֱ˼顣
Դϴ̸ֿ֮;ãʵûбҪȥ׷鳯¼򵽵ΪΡ
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Ҿܣһ
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ξ, 챻긲ǣһػ𺣣һƬ
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֪, ӴԺ, ǱԴξѣֱϾ, ˶붼ĻȪ·ϣֻתǣҡ
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һʧĺͯһ㣬һ, һһߵ𽥱
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Իÿһĸ룬һһ¥Ű챻ץǰԻ˵һ顣
Ի˫ֽһ¶ŭɫ
һѱһ޵ãȾǵĸװգṵ̂ãôܰѸ׸ץ˽ȥأ˵̰ī˹е飡
Իݺüȵһˣ޿ĳɺͳڸײڼУСһȫҪ̸磬ʧ񣬼լضܰ绹Ȼؼȥ׵飬취
Իһ򶨣֪Իݿ϶а취ȳףæǰĲйĸӦѸ̳Ҫ׵öࡣãǷˣԼһţպҪβǣ
ԻпɬĿܸ쵽֮꣬Ŷûеĸ˵
ֻЩȥաסԺ¡
Իݵ˼ԲˣʲôҲᣬؼҴţŻȥ
֪Сϻۣûɵġ
Լ¸ԻʺѡŮԻݾԸ£һͷصŮաȻҲд㣬ʵΪԻݱԼŮǿϰٱټѡԻʺþԻʺѡһǱûٽչպÿƣŵԻݡ
Ի빬ʼԻһҶ֪Ҫһɻڴˡ
ϲ϶ӣһڰãھȸ黹Щ·ġ
ϰԵصͷȻͣؾ͸ϻݡ
ߺԻǰãŶ﷽ǰС
*
ſԻݵ˰ڹʺʱ
ٽѮѾȣڿУɢ˵ȶȡԻ͡һס
ֻܴվڳǽµﴵŷ硣
һվһʱ촫ŵʱ򣬲һСڹٵͷҴҴӹʺ롣
ԻһСڹһš
һ·գԻһϣû߶ԶһͷĺϵױݶЩˡֻͳȥˮСڹһ
ԻֻһӭΧѾ˱顣
ԻʺڵϣһŮŷ硣
ԻݽȥذݼԻݰݼʺ
Իʺ󿴼Իݣһ𱸵ģŭԻݽСڹ٣ûĶӹŽһ·ȣҲ֪ݶһĽӣ̧
Сڹ£ΡΡʺˡʺ
ԻʺݺݵصڸڹһۣתԻ²Сڹ٣£ʮӣ͵ˡɺã
Իݵͷĺ󹬣ô˵㣬ū๡
ȥͣԻʺһСڹ١
Сڹٲصлʺͷ
Сڹٿɥ˳ȥԻݰı龡۵ס
ݶԻʺָָ֣ߵλá
Իǰһ˸ӣʺūվ˵ˡ
Իʺ΢УЦô˵ң
Իݶʱͺˣͨһ£ԻʺһͷʺȾҵĸװգԩģɸ̰īųϹϵһǴУԻݱصؿ
Իʺ˵úӣϸϸ˵
Ի̧ͷڵϰһһʮ˵˳
ԻʺԺһɫðҲӦжţǳ̰īһʵ򡭡
Ի⣬Իʺ˵
ԻʺҲε̾һʵǰΪ˴ѹһľ֣㸸ṵ̂īҲ֪֪һǰġ˶ŹοĸأڳѾз˰ˣ̫Ӹ綼ҹѯʣʶˣǱᷳ


268 ɳ 
ԼµԻʺʲôȥһѡ
ԻԻʺôһ˵, ˰أֿ޵ĸȾȸףǰΪǸ׿ɾ˰Ҹϲ, ˵˵ΪױץѾˡǸиʲộҡʲôҵĸ簡
ԻʺԻݿ޵, æվ, ߹ȥӵϷûݶ, ǹĸ㰡ֻ¹ĸǰĪǲ֪֮Ϸһһ䣬ǰʱ䣬գΪǣ, ΪµԴ, Ҳ˶ͷ̨̫Ӳı˰
ĸԻԻʺô˵, ޵øˣĸ, ȻŮ֮벻óãһֱں˳ᢡȻ̫ӸҲ갡ױǱݺģֻҪĸ, һܰ︸ϴԩ, ˲֪ı£ݶһ֪ѽ
ԻʺĿ΢, Իݵļ, ú, ˣٿ۾ͿˣȥðҪΪˣ
Իó˲ᡣ
ԻʺԻϣԼ£ʵҪĸ㣬Ҳδɡ
ĸԻһԻʺзӰĸֹ̳ס˿ĸֻҪܰѸ׾ȳҪʲôԣ
Իʺ󻺻ʲôԣ
Իͷ
Իʺװ˼ڰĺԺڹŵģ𣿡
Իݵǡ
Ȼ㸸׵ֽţϱض©ԻʺԻݣ㶮˵ʲô˼𣿡
Իͷȥ£һж֧ڰĿֻҪϸĿһܲʲô
ԻʺصͷǸߵĺӣһͨǰҲһ˼֮ˣ㣬ҲײҪˣ֪еè塣
Իæͣǣֻ鸮Ŀȷʵ鲻ʲôҪĿ˲֪֧ҵ֤ҸϴˢԩƵֻ̹ĸһ֮£һĸҡ
ԻʺԻݵͷˣϥŮһֱ㵱ҰŮҶһգһˣȻ㡣취ѰĿõҰϸϸˡ
Իɣĸÿڹ龫ǣҪݶˣݶʵҵûݶԼ԰ɡ
ԻʺڰסЩµײ㡣ðץסĪ˵㸸ˣҲΣա㵽ڹĸ߳ĺӣĸô˾أ
ԻаһӣϵָжᣬлĸǸƽ£һ߾ȫЧĸ
ԻʺЦֱ۵ףúӣ˵ɵϾҪˣһȥŰգ
գԻⱲӳԹʢһΡ
Իݸʳ֪ζ
ԻʺҲȰʳһЩֻǰ񲻶ģȫС
֮ԻݴУȲҪĿᵽԻʺǰ
ȵԻݴһ·ͷȻûһκ顣ӻʹ֮ϣڶǼ
ĽԻɫҰףԻݵ֣С㣡ôô
˵ս廹ȥԻݵĶͷԻ˶ѩ
ҪԻݾͷְס𺰣
üС㣬ôˣôһ˹
Իһţ𶯣ԻݾȻϰùȫ˳
ŵæþͰȥӣһ·Ի»ȥġ
Իݻظ֮ǰ뼾Ѿˡ
ʱŷǰͨ˵Իݻˣ˷纮ӲҪС
һۣ򶫵ҽֵӦڼңȥҽԻݿ
򶫽ӵȭ˳ȥ
һȥաһ³򡣡
ͷԻÿνԻʺԻʺΪ˰ȫ᲻ֶε̽ҲǸˣŻˡ
ÿһˣסЦһȥ
ţͷһǣȥɡ
*
ůԻڴ֮ϣһģ
⴫ԻݵҪƱӣ
Խ磬ݣ㲡ţͲøҶˣŰա
Իݵͷл
˵ҽֵѾȥˡѱǰҴãҵȻᣬҽˡ
Ի죬лĺ⡣
˵㸸׽̲ΪõİӡԻݣȥʺ㸸ף
Իݵͷ
Ҳã㲻ǸͿˡȻұ㲻档Ҫ°æ˵
ԻݺȻ̧ǡ𣿡
û˿ԥص˵ͷȻ㣬ԺܼҵȨҲϡֻǵãǰˣ밲£һپ٣һá
ԻݿżĿϿңûйҶʱȻ¡
üʵԻʺ۸ˣ
ԻҡͷǾã£Ȼôңܳ
ԻЩ֣ȴ˵֡⸱ģһΪԻʺ󣬿Ը˵Ҳû̽˼
ʱ˿ŵҽˡ
ҽȻԻݵȻӲҽúϢ֪ʱ͸е飬ûϢӢڼл»û׼ãá
û£ԻݺȻץס֣СëϢձˡ

΢밲Բ밲ҽ
ָסԻݣģͷʾԼ֪ˣȻȥӭҽ
*
ص·һֱ˼ЩԻݵķӳ
һЩ󣬼ʱǰűӸطµͼ
̧ȥһأʵôˣ
߹ȥȥԻݣ˵ϢգЩʧ룿
ţƺʲô⣬ջغԺĹܼ֮ȨӼѣ
񡣡ܾԻʲô£׳£ȴ˿ûҪǳְͷ
ѾȥԻʺȻٸ˵ԻʺݺףΪԻȥôֻҪԻݰҪȥˣԻʺȻסԻʺԻ飬޷ǾڹŰ顣
仰˼ԻʺݺԻݵĸףĿΪأȻҪԻݰѰϢȥ
ҴůԻңôܸоԻʺڱŻԻ֪ԻʺҪʲô׼һе
⻰һ㶣漴

ȥԻݣ⼸ʲôҡ
ǡǷ˳ȥ
ůĿⲻ֪ת÷ɿ졣࿴Ʋϸв
ʶûйɵһ֪飬㲻ȥš
֪˶ãȻվȥ
Ŀżȥ˸
˸żһ·˷˷ӱģ˷ӭ

˷븮һμԺһԻԽӡ
ɨһ˷Χ˵˷ΧˣҪκ֪˷
Ѵɢȥ
˷һɻȴֲʣֻ׵ż
֣˷Ȼ˵ʲô˷ͷ˷İգһá
*
ҽԻһǰķӣˡ
Իݿڴϣһֱüչ
Űõҩڴߣ˴ҩԻ޾ɵģʵСôˣôӹһֱ飿ʺûӦСү𣿡
ԻҡҡͷĸӦˡ˵£ǰµֱʡ
վһԣʺСµĹϵүȻԺɵǰѹܼҵȨСˡƽҲûпСԺһҡ£ūͲүġūȻСãүһ̹͹ܼȨϣСΪڱүⲻͬڰСӣү򲻻ġ
ԻݽӹҩĬԡ
һԻص֤²үģ
ҡͷ
ֵүԲС㣬ֻáСԺҪƾĸĿ΢΢˵ϵСʺһУүǸһ㡣
ϴλʺʹ͸СĶ¶С㱻λˡֶ˼ΪСءڻʺݺүپȳҲǲܰ
˵öе
˹Իо顣
֪ɵײܸȡӣⱲӿ¶жŮˡйܼҵȨֻҪаѹһͷԶûаȵӹԶû֤
Ȼ̫ǰ𺣬һڻʹﳤĻӣթııСͼ
һУվпΪκջȥ
ǣҪһֱԻʺǾ͸ıԻʺһٶݺҪ£Իݹڻ
߶ǲοˣڱѡһ
ǴԻݣҲû취ô̵ʱҵһƾֵİ취
ûаļʶԼıңһܵĸҪӦ
Ǽﻹ˭ָϡ
뵽Ի̲סȻ£û˿԰Ҳû˿
ֻܿԼǽļзУŬػš
ԻʺҪĿҪĸף֣ץİѱ
Űصذְϣĳظ밲һģزա
ˣɿվҪٻ
밲ϻۣѾԻʺ󺦵ø޷ڰˡ͵һ㣬ԻݶӦðﰲȹһ١
壬ԻһҩȥЩӹȻٰ˷˲˵Ҫˡ
һԻҪĿ͹£ӣһҪˣİѰĿ˻ʺ֪ʺôʹݺأʲộʺδؾͻῴӵѪ׹ϵϣӵİ
ԻݿЦҲ׾ûˡһҪ
ֵ£СΪʲôȥүүһа취ү̲Ūģ
Իݳ̾һж˫۾Űŵ·ͱ¶һ롣¶һ룬ʵΪԼһ롣ȥ̲飬ȥǰ飬Ҹֻ֪ᱻ˭ץסѱ°أҲôðգֻܰѷտҵܿƵķΧڡ
죬˵
ԻݿЦİɣȻѰ˲ȥҪһ˲ĸǹĸҪĿ£ĿҲǼٵģ˾ͻ©ʱʺŵʱ򣬾лԾȡʱҸҲѾͷţұҲ԰һֱҶзΪɣһĿΪڣѻʺ𷣡
һԻжԲ߱ķŽ˶ūȥ˷˲
ԺԻֿ壺壬ʺȻҵĹĸ̫ӵµĸάģ̫ӵµ档ҲԼӵŮĸδҷ£һҪвˡʺʵ˭סǣ˵ĵˣѡʺ˶ң˶Ҹףҵĵˣ밲µĿͬǾͬˡ
ͷǣҲ˵ˡ
Իݵڸӣ˷ˣĿҸеС˰ᵽů
ȥ£Բȥ˷еĿ˵ȥˣȻ˴ӿⷿЩµĿӡ
һ˳ȥˡ
㷽ȥ˷ʲôˣ鿴ůϿļ
صҲûʲôǴԼ뵽ԻʺҪʲôȥһѡ
ϲʹСӣůϣ۾תһֻɰġƻĺһ㣬ŵϹ
̫谮ˣֶεˣΪÿֻҪû˼һҪҧ¶Էһ⡣
õľµͼߵߣ£뻳ĵͼڰϣЩͼǸ⽮ݸģҰձ߾˳ˡҿϵĵͼǲһµġ
ô֪еͼסĸ첲ͷ
ûͼôָսѲҪңЩѶӴ仨ˮսۣã
죬һŵͼϸϸؿš
§°ͷļϣ˵ɢĵ㡣
ʲôζġҴûŹζ鳶ɴµһǣڱ棬úš


269 мƣ 
򲻣ǵɽ
еĵͼصĺƷһ, ǰϾʣֻ˸ָõĶϡǡѬ㡢ϲϣϵ滹Ĳҩ, óӲ
ҲҪģҪġ
, ߵŮ첻á
ûϵ, ֻҪģûκδ, һڴҲҪڼϣһɣҶûյ͸ҵҲҪˣһɣ
޹üͷ΢΢, һ, ·ʲôίһ㡣
Ŀ, ֻ˵Ҳ֤úÿУԼҪİһ㲻Ǳ, յ𣿡
ίػصҲҪⱲӶ벻Ҫ˵Ұʲôûѽ룬Ҳ벻ʲôɣǻҪ
ûˣ֪Լܲ޵, ʵʲôʱ򣿡
Цӯӯа, ׼ˡ
ûôҪˣаͿʼԼ
Ҫָһ, ǰ˵ͿʼҪˡûʱ
ͷ, ¼, ֵͷȥϵĵͼ
ϲֵȥŪӺ
п֣
ߵǣʲôʱͬѽҶ鷿˯˺üˡҹʱį䡭
죬ͷͨ죺룬Ժкü
ô˵֣һߡ
ҲԼ˵ˣס첲Ҳǹġҡ
üüͷһֻ仰۾һȦһ̾
ÿΣֹ
ﻹһԼȥĿҸ
ίģͰ˵ͱ˵ˣҲãļˡҲˣҲˡ
ͷĻĬĬᣬԲٸҵʱ䡣
о΢΢ˣ
ȻѾˮ
𣬱ˣɣɺܿµ
֪Ϊʲôޣÿᵽ£ͻرίƴС˲ͻò԰ס
ڽʲô
˼ֹסᣬҡͷ
ڻ˵ٸҰա
˯ˣŴ˳ĴѰһĨɫӰߵԺм䣬ݶĿ
һ㣬Ҳݶ֣Ʈȥ
һɻض顣
˼ɫ΢һʵ֪֪ΪʲôԸҡǸǡ
ֱȻ˼£ôȻܱ˼
ֵ
ͷ¹Ȼֻ֮һͨɣ
£ΪʲôԸ⣿ǰʲô飿֡
Ϊʲôȥ
üɵһ֣һ˵ϻҪʵóõ
ֺǿףص⡣
ʲô׷ʡ
־ֻ˵Լѡ
ʲô鱻˵˵һ̬ŪҪץ񣬡ң⼸һֱھӪ֪ģǰסǳۡʹʱźҲûŮڹʲô
ҡͷ¡
һݣֵļ򣺡ҪȻ쿪ʼҰ͵Ӽȥѧϰѧϰôѻ˵ˣ
ֵһۣһ㣬ַɻԼԭĵط
ˣֲǲѻ˵ǾӦüԼ˵
ЩйվԺ£Ůģ룬Ϊ񻹲벻һֱͬԭ
*
ҹůŵơ
ԻſϷܱʼ飬ڽ˲̲Ǳÿ춼бðǣķ˱նס
֮ÿնǰ졣
ൢһ̣ĸͶһݵ
ڶһ磬Իݾ׼Լļ׼
٣˳
ݸһĿѣԻϵĿˡ
Ŀɵذ˱ӹ˷
˷ҳһס
üôȥϵļˣ
̯̯֣һ뵽취ġʮƣһʺ㡣
ǵмʡʱʡ
׼ˡͷֵúܴȡ
鵱ͰϣȥˣɱԴף
΢Цһָͷһëһڴһµģж
ǰռĵˣڿУ׼ѧɲš
촽Сһ£һɽɷ񣿡
һ£ȥ
ã˲
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鵽ůʱڰ緹ԻȻû뵽æȥӭӡ
һ˽ֱȥů䡣Իţüͷ΢
Իݼ״ǰ˵֪ҪҸһա
ɨһţ˵ʳ
Ի΢΢һ㶡
㲻Ǹʺѧһֵĺ棿
Իݻع˵Ǹû׼ҪһЩʱգµ˵糯
£޷š
ԻЩܳæҡȥ׼
ԻݴŽȥС׼Ķ
ɨһԻݵķ䣬Ϸһ˲ůˣĿ˽Իһҹļˡ
Сʱ֮Իݶһǰ
ӣһڣĸһá
Իݵͷ˵
¿ӣ㸸׵˵ˣʲôҪҰæģܿڡ
Իݸ˸ӣлº⣬Ҵˣػȥҵ°æġ
ͷţʱˣȥϳ³㻹ûұȥ㣬һͬظ
Ի΢죺лϧ
㸸޹ģذزھҪϣṵ̂ӡڹʺ󶷷Ȼ
Իףң˵ʳǼ٣˵ⷬ档
£㡣վллաлҡ
˵뿪ů
Իվԭأ
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ЩˣʺԻýĿϣͨԻʺ󣬡ʺһҪȾҵĸס
ԻʺԻݷúӣ㸸׵飬Ѿ̫ʢ˵ˡʢ˵Ƴٴʱ䡣øʱ鰲©
Ի۾ףһǿһϵĽ
Իʺ۵ӣˡ¾ô棬ʢҲǿ̫Ӷ꽻ķϲſϰ㡣̼죬ĸһ㸸״ȳ
Իݹɵصͷ
һ˵һЩл̴ˡ
ԻʺһЦ⣬Իݣ㿴ŹһᣬסˣҪߣⲻ飬ʲô
Ի죬û˵
Ƭ֮ѾԻʺ΢΢ǷĸԲظġ
Իʺ󿴼飬Цˣòһ˺󹬣ôôżҪߣݶһ߰ɣ
ϾҪӢϹүٳˣϻҪԲٳ֡ʵڲлҳʱ򡣻ĸ¡
ԻʺԻݣ⻰˵ĺ뿪㣬û취תһ
Ի̧ԻʺһЦݣǫʺ˵Цˡ
ԻʺԻݣȤô㣬㻳£ǽǰ
ʺԻ̧ͷȥı飬Ȼߵصͷ
Իʺж
ЩԻʺԻȷй֮ʵˣȻԻôģ
Իʺתһ룬ԼŮãպԻݾлߴ߷ˡ߷жֻ󹬵ģԻϷ
ҲǿˡԻʺЦţС»罺ᣬҾþӹУշ
ԻߵߣһǷ񣬸
ԹԵţԻݸ󣬿ĹĲһһ䡣
棬ȥɡͷԻݡ
Ի̧ͷԼѾ˹ſڡ
ǡԻףŮĲ
鷭İɣ£ȥţϢ˵һʱ㡣
ԻȴѾޣƱҵļһ㣬񱼳ȥ
*
Լʢ֮ѵֶδ˱ð漰Щ֮ˡ
ЩǰϷõŮӰѾ׸µˮйͨ
գ㶼ûȥ׸ˡ
ֱ͢ųϢ˵ʢ̰īðӣ³̷͢˰ѽɴᣬʢݹϲ䣬ʢݳңְǧЧȡ
Ϣһ˽ǻȻ
ԭɱôˣ̲ʢһһ֮ġһʱ䣬Ⱥֻ㼯ʢſڿ˷Χյľ׸ſȸû뾩׸ţѻɽĹͷ۲ѡ
͢ǰǰȥûҲﱡӡ
ʢݴʢʱòҶ뼦ʢݵͷҲأԼ
Ĺ٣Ȼ̰īǮ
٣ҵ
٣Ҷӣӣ
˷òҶ뼦һֱ
ʢݾôһһγ
վڲԶĶ¥֮ϣʢ⸱ģֱӡ
ˡٵӺߵߣ¥ǸǱˣ˵һλ˵ģʢ𣿡
ͷǣסٵ֣ûûҺĽաȻңһм꣬ԭֱץȥҪЮӵģңԼ뷨ȥǲ³Ҫ뿪Ӧ
ٿ΢죬֪ʱ˾Ƕ顣
յ˽Ҫ뿪ӴԺǸģܽҲˣúԽܡ
£ǰʱôôãܻи롣浱Щ뿪ʱ򣬼йôԹһȴֻʣף
ϣһ·ƽѡ
ս֣ȻôŲʢˣòϢע٣ȥǹòãҲԼԮ֣̫ࡣ𣿡
ͷЦˣôģ
ǡԶжǣ֮ʣʱ˿̹˵飬һ֪һģ̇۾⡣
٣һ̾ˣ򸴺󣿡
һЦ»Ҫлӳȫǡ
ˣΪǳ׵ææ⣬˺ЩϢĵǰҳƸָ㱸˼ױð˸ۡǻûһȥлأȻȥʹʲôʱпգһȥллգ
δԼһ˶ʱˣȻһ֪ŮӣҰȢ˻ֱһ
Ȼ֪˽ġ˭ûһ˽أ
ڣ˸лûиĻ
ϵʢݺȻ̧ĴѰʲô
׷鰸ӵֱһˡɨһȦͿǰ¥¥֮վһӡ
Ǹ໹վһŮӣ໥ˡ
Ȼ
ʢһůοջĿ⣬ôӺ¥¾һһĿߵŮӣô
ʢ뺮һμǸҹʢݾ;ƽʱ̫һˡ
ӲʰԼĺ磬Ų֪ûϴѣҲԼͷͷ
һҹʢݵʱȻԼˣ·ͷҲϴ˹ؾصһ
˿һ棬ҪУԲصʰԼݡ
ʵʢݾúΪҪԼǹ
ʶˣ棬ʲôʱôֻں˻ʱʢݼһ档
ʢݵǺǷϣһΪϲˡ
һҹĺ۶ǹ⣬۶ϣ
ԴӺ˹Ҳûм
Ҳãչ˺ˣ˻ȥĶʲôĵأ
ԣһҹ˭ûʢΪʲô˺ǼƹΧѲر
ʮǰ޶ǳ⣬ʢһֱڻʱգվһλų׷Щ¡
УٹһʱҪʻţһ·Ƭ֮ء
еƸеٻûйϵˡ
ɰһ³
ʢӲ񷣬̾޳Ī׷
л˵
쿪ھž ~~ 


270 Ӣ 
ѩѪһߡ
ʮ, ӢϹүİʮ١
ӢΪ׼һε磬ؾ˸ĴԹȥӢϹүǵȵһսķϹ
սоȼ֮ڶ궨֮, Ӣ
֮λνζʵȨӢõλʱ, ѾʮˡȵΪԼӢľ֮, ȢӢСһλŮʱ䡣
ǸŮӱȵʱ, ھ󹬡˿ɱȵҲֿĸ
ӢϹүһǰӧֻǰ.Яһ־֮ʿΪ²գȻơ
ȻʵǸʱ, ӢսĴ, ֻҪӢ, Ǳս޲ʤҡ
ֱ֮, ս..ţŴǹٻؼңꡣ
ӢȵʱΪյһλ佫ҵ, Ҳȵ۷ڴ, Թ̷
ӢΪ˵͵֪, , ȵЩŰ֮ǰ, Ѿˡò˵ӧ֮ңڳ֮ϻжȻı¡
ɹعѣܽ͵عżϡ
Ӣ統գյĸҸ죬˸硣
ʱ٣֮ԡɾ֮󣬻һ
첻ȥϳˣʵ
һ֪Ϲٳţصطһյļ٣Ǻúڼ׼ٳ񡣽̫Ҳȥμʾ͢ϳӡ
Ŀ⣬Ĭ
߹ȥǼûг£Ա徽ĹҲӦ÷һλġ
޷飬ҶЩ֮飬һ⡣ܹ֮ߵģҿúֻܵǾãһʵۣȻӢ佫мӡЩˡ
ҲȫǿӢϣҪǿʮϣŸĶݡʮˤȣλҲֲȥʼλ֮һֱܳ塣
ᵽֿȻһҲȥ𣿡
ҡҡͷһԡµһȥο游ˣȥ游Ҳġ
ȻֿμͱЩܾԼǷһĪ飬֪Ӧô
鿴˼סļ˵ǿȱˣʲô飬˵˱áţ
˵ʲô۾Ҫϲߣ
黹ûӣܾ۾ǳɰˡ
ʵҲ̫壬ȥˣҲǰԺȥˣںԺϯϣһʱܿڶ棬м仹һأ̫ġ
һ£⻰˵ãôһϣҸеʲô
ЦⲻǶʮİգϲ𣿡

ԽԽ컬ࡣ
׽ס֣ˣţȵָʲôʱϯء˻Ҫױ鷳ءŮһȥָҡǸСģǶˣȥȡ
һҪʱˣܲٴ㰡ЩҪö㣬Ȱأվס
ͷһٸ㴩ǣǼ˼Ҵģ㵽ԺȥҪ·ġʱǴľǡ
ûϰߵľǴƵͷأοȵ£Ѱ
鿴һˣ̾͹ȥˡǰռʱ򣬻Ƕһٴ֪ѹ١ˣҪڼ̳ǰ԰ˮ⣬һһ顣
ȻʼЩͬˣôȥİ
ȵǲ£ֻǳ԰ˮеѡÿʱҾͶ٣Ҳûôѳˡȥ̣֪ߵľܳԵˮѾʢˡ
˵̫𣿡գգ۾
ûУŲСʱѧˤޣô὿۵Ц⡣
㡭ʲôʱ򿴼Ҵˤˣ졣
ʱһ㣬°ɣ˵ʮҸŻүүȥϾսھӪܶˡ÷÷ɣҺö
Ըӣ鿴һӣֻȤǰǰеС顣
˵ѾʼĽ䱸ʼʵؽˡ
һͷȷʵŬֻҪŬӽá
ţŮ＾·ʵġƵû˰ȷʵȥ
ůϺȲ裬Ů·
һֱҲλŮˣٸҴɡ
⻰һŮڵϣֱ
ؿ飬һͬؿżһŬı顣֪ԭ·ϸױȻĿԻʱղĻ
֮󣬼ţϳԵĶѾڴ·Ĵˡ
ȻӦģ϶Եǡ
鿴վ߰գ涼׼ˡЩȥЩ
ͷ
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ӢڻʳǵȦϽǣռٶĶаɽ֣ˮԼ԰֡䣬¥¥䡣·ÿ·߽Ժ䣬סլ渽л԰ǡ
Ȼʱ䲻Իʼ˽ⲻࡣ
ֻǴԿһӢĹƣ֪ϷӢʵʸĿۡĴҪ˵ֿӵӢй֮޲
ӢѸߣȻǲܳվſӭ͡
Ӣӭӿ˵ӢĵճԶԼϱ
ѼϷһŮ졣
еĺԺŮʸϯֳϡڶֻŮſԱϯϯ
Իֻһңб׷Ʒף϶Ӧܵ
ܼ޽Ůӣ붼ǳس֮Ů
ԶȭԶ£
ҲȭӢϹүףٵģ˶ǰ񵥣ӢЦɡ
һӸԶԶӹ˺ҵŮɡ
ԶǰԺżԻһ˽˺Ժ
ǳ͢ͳһĹơżԻֻܴԼѡ
˺Ժſһٻ޵ĵطķˣС㶼ʢװϯ԰ﵽɫʰ쵵߶һһ㣬ü
ʵǷҪȥ£
ףҲá
һСѾͷżȥ·
İڰѹϵȥһ׻ɫɴ¡
մӸҳɿ֦ŹѩԶ橶
˹ȥסѩֱۣʵĲˣ
֦״֣ں档
ѩص˰ˣࡣܾӴǰˡ
Ȼ̥ӡţջеġ
ѩЦҶָˣ㻹ָʲô
ѩң۾޹⣬ͫûн㣬һ޿
üʵĸף֪£
ѩҡͷûͬ˵Ӧõڶ֪һ̥¡
ǽҪ֪𣿡ǽ߸ףȥ˵
ѩû˵ʵҲ֪ӦӦð¸Լĸס
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֪ѩ˼ҲʡվǹѩԼ飬˵Ϣôʵ
ڸ¼Źѩѡ
ѩΪ̥ɫ԰ףʱֻһɫɴȹԵ˶ûɫ
ͬѩȴΪѩ̫ӵθ棬ѩһֱϲ̫ӣһ
ִ̫ǵĺӣѩôûԹޣ
Խ޵Խ˭Ȱûá
ֻŹѩڹĻ԰ɢǹѩãܺùһ˴š
ֻһŮ԰ŮһڹĺԺ˲Ŀ
δ޵ŮӿЩѾ޸Ůӣ޵ֻԼûһñصĵԼҲĺԺȥ˼ء
ԻЩѾ밲ؿչŮӣеĿ˭ȥ˵
СǷеĻǶֱһĪļǴǱƺõߣȺ֮У΢Цٲı⡣
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̫һеλƽֱ֮ȥ䣬ӢϹү涫Ϲүףٵϲ
磬˻Ѿ룬²ģҲøϵ˴
ϯǴ翪ʼˮϯ

ų͢سˣС㹫ǡһ˫ʱһģһĳء˵ʵǸҸһĴ
ϯʱӢϯһᡣ
ֱ̫ΪףΪεĳ͢سֱֿΪ׵Ѫһϵ
ֻֿλǿյģ̫ӵĶ档
ֿûһ¼棬Ĳ֪Ҫʲôı
أֶ̨ӡϯʼŮǷ׷볡ˡϯ֮Ʊյò֡
ϯֻǿʼ˲һӣŷֿ
Ĳ豭㶶һ¡
׻ˡ
ͷҿֿ
ȴһƬȻΧе˶Сۡ
ȡˣ
ţβȣԼ߽ģӦˡ
˰Ⱥˣ
²ϣûЩεģ
ڻûأ
أѽ
йԱ˽С࿴ֿδһ㡣
вǰֿûкõʱЩԹҲԼŮ޵ֿˣ׷׶˼Ů˼
ͷѼҪӭϯ
Żع񣬽վһ̧ͷͿֿѾĿ޵ϡ
ֱֿ׵Ŀ⣬ҽӡ
ӢֿԼ߽ģûκιߣʱϲԶӢֿ߼ߵӢǰ游£ˡ
Ӣؿ˺üֿµˣ
ֿͷǣˡհԼ͸游񣬲֪游ɸˣ
ˣˣӢĸˣ۾гһ졣
ֿӢߣ̫΢΢ʾ⡣
˲ӰϯĽС
ֿ뿪ΣԼôų֣һը˹
ڸڵСǣ׷ײĿҪݡ
˵ȻҪֿˡ游ӢǵʥϣûȢףӡ
Եʥ϶ĳ谮ֻҪԸ⣬ص֮ϵһְٰҲ
ڸڵС㣬ĹٳϺǣҲʼ׷ֿǰǷ׷ҽڸֿƣ˳˵̽̽ȢĿڷ硣
һֱͷҿֿ
ֿʵδ뿪ЩãȻڣҲ硣
ϯϵĶʵԲˣΪġ
ֻСļӣ˼˼
ϵĲˣͷȥҪҪϯԸµȥԵ㣿
ʵҸ뿪飬ͷҪϯ
һߵĹѩҪϯҲվʾҪһȥϢ
󿴹ѩҪϯҲֻкȻ㺣ıӰ
Źѩ˳
еһŸס
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سһѩ޾ɵضŲ裬һСģյأˡ
ŮʰѩˮԼߵĲյ˹ȥ㣬ȺһյɣҵһҲ޷
ѩҲƴǣӹһ¡
ʱŮһյ˻˼ǰ
յ˴Ҫһڡ
ԵĹѩȻѪһ仰û˵ô˼ǰ
󺧣֮ȥѩ壬ü˼š
źŮһУˡ


271 Ҿ 
˫˫򡣡
һ , ѩѪڵϣŵû겻壬վԭ˰Żع, ȥҴ򡣲ԼѾͷȥԶԶ˵һߡ
ԶҲŵò, ϯȥ˲
վԭ, Ľһ豭ԼŹѩжڼιѩ, κιѩжûҩ࣬Ҳǻ췦ֻŹѩӽ䡣
, ҡҡͷ
ƶ, ѹѩĶȫһ, Ȼ˵, ҲжĶ
ӶŹѩʬӺ
ʱ̫Ӵ˽ѩʬ׵¶һ˵ɫܹȥסѩ, ͷڹѩʧʹࡣ
Ӹˡ
Զ׷ϯ, ЩɧųȥݾͿѩڵ, վһ, Ȼͣһ, 
΢΢ҡҡͷ
ʱӢŷǰͨ˵ſǰּҪ鼴ɽ
ɫ䣬ԶԶż
ʾȥ
鶨˶񣬻ȥֿ
ֿѾ׷˹վԺûиֿ˵ʲôֻǶؿһᣬתȥּȥˡ
̫ѩԼðɱϢܿϯ洫ˡ
ӢϹүѸߣϯȥݡ»ûӢүӵĶ
ȥſڽּ͸һ˹
ֿϽ˰ֳýֳκ˽ֿǰַڹѩı棬ԱϢѾûˡ
ۿô£ֿ˾Զ˵ڳ飬ϯҪɢˡ˾ĸȥͿͣҾ׸µⲻС£һҽһ˰¸߻֡
Զﾭ飬ֻֿܰ˵İ졣Լķȥǲɢ
ֿɨһڲˣ˵ʲô˳ȥ
һԲرŹѩʬڵϡ
վһߣҲ⡣
ֻźڲŮΡΡعڵϡ
ֿǼڵϵŮʵôģʵ˵
ǼŮһ곤̧ͷһֿֿ˿վһߵļĿ˹ѩϡ
һֻ̫ҪˮСһյ衣ͰԼĲյ˹ȥ̫һ֮󣬾͡Ѫˡ
ֿŮʵ˵Щģ
Ů׷׵ͷʾǸղŷʵ
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ף޻˵Ǹղŷ龭
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˲á
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õˮ©ֳûʲô
һӣ׸ϾѾӢǰμϯѾȫԶߡ
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ղŽȥѾӢ˶ĸѺˣе˶ۼһ˿ܡ
ӢҲֿĸΧͰһ㣬ֻӬɲȥ
Ͻ˰ֳŵһ̫һ񣺡̫ӵ¡תֿֿ
ȥλ곤Ůָһ顣
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صŮԣʵ
뱯֮У԰ΣʼնֻǱסѩʬһԲ
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°ߣҽƤɱˣ֣˵бǶԷ⣬ڹѾ鲻ˡ
鲻ҲҪ飡ֿߣ֪ʲôǾĿǰ߲ƣʹɱСӲס̫İӣǱߵİӿҲ׶༪٣𣿣
еɫأҵȥֳ
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ʱ˿̹ڣ֮һһһƱЩľȻ
̫Ҳ£һ
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ǲ֪ЩΪʲôʵĸۡҸպһٰʮʢ˽̵ĿպǺϣ
ۼ̬ȣһӣ̫Ѳ˵ЩӶǲųԼɵԺĲɣ
̧޲ܡ΢ֻ֪ۡһԺӡһ΢ң鷿ٸֻ΢һӣֻһʹӰ΢΢Ѿٳеʵְйٺ»֪΢кŪ˶΢ʳǣϥֻһŮڹΪ֪΢Ҫôкô
ⷬ˵öƿԡ
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Цô˵϶ݺˣľ͸ɸɾһ¶ûմ
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۵һӣ
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Ⱦɱ˶ΪʲôҪɱԼ׽㣿ɱ̫԰ʲôô̫밲ѾãΪʲôҪ, ԼΪʸ֮ģ
ǰʱ䳹ıðûйҶ֧, ôܰô˳滻ĹԱ, ܿ͵ȥסٳĻҾ棬Щڹ̫ʦе, ЩΣ֮ˣǳԹһͽ
ҲԼҹô̵ʱڲ˱̰ī顣αðǱײ飬ʵ򱳺Īϵ
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ﱡȭȻ˿ϲұҲûκˣȫƾ²ǲ
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274  
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Ҫҵ, ֵ⣬ﻧһ˼ҡﶼ·ѾΪȵòӡ
ڸĲϢ׮Ϣ, Լźһﻧ
ϰֵط˻ߴ̽ϢͻһԼƾ·
һ, ǰɫ۽, Űɫɴ£ЬҲǰɫĳѥ, Ţ·ϣܿЬءЬ볤۵βȫճ
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ֵͷ˿ԼЬ볤մȾû, ˾ͻԼˡõϱ߸ɴ, ˮ, Ȼס
˼ʶˣϢԶ̺ŻʲôŪ
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Ҳûãֻ⣬, 𣿡
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ˣ𵱼һ¶ɫʵôأƶһֱŰԺӵǰʱ仹ȥ̫ĸСǼȥԺӣôãǲôãѾˣô˵߾أǮ׬ⲻɵ𣿡
һĲĿ⺮˵ٲ룬ŷߣܽ֡
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Ц˼ң㿴ҪǸ߸˵˵׼ڱð˴ӣ˰˼ңֻǲסˣǺпܻڳѽҿȥ𴦴ҪһԸǰ˳ɾˣż·ǿ϶Ҳزѽ
ͷŬϵı飺ǸˣҲǲԸ˵ʲô顭ֻǶһӾʹźһˡ
ϧһ̾ô죬Ҳˣ»ȥҲһٺ𷣡
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ֵͷܽˡ
̽ϢҲһգתЩͻģЩЩʱڲϢƽѧġСȻó¼ڴ̽Ϣһ飬һ֣
ȥʡ
زϢ󣬡ѻеĲͳȥ̫ԺӵĻһĻҲˡͷ˵ߵʱ˵ϸˣǲˣǰ˳ɾǱвˡҲǵвһǸЩӣȥˡ㹻֪ԼǻᱻڡΪɱ˵Ĵֻ̫ܼϣڣЩһˣ֪ôԼڡȻ
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֮ùǷ׷׵ͷۣû̫ڴϳԿֿһ䶼̫ӵѣҺԼĿη
һλ˭ң治һ̲֪
۳񣡡
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վڹߵĽͣ˳ӣ̫һδá
Żعһȥִֵ̧ɡ
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ֿ⻰ʵùһһ仰ùٶ졣
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⻰벻𣬶ѾһС
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˭ԼѾõʵҰģ
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ͩǷǡ
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΢ڡͷ
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תԪ˵ʷ̨ȥ鹱ԺǱ©Ϣ, Ҳľһȥ顣
ԪǷ΢ʡõġ
һ֮˴鷿˳
ֿߵü죬ͩ׷ֿ, 
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ֿͩⷬϷˣɫÿ
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ͩͷīȾȥ°ҵ̫һľڡ
ȥɣֿһۣôҲǸô߾һӣȥȡˣȥ㣿֪ж켣
ͩף񽻽ϣϸһˡڹҡ
ֿͩһۣô˵ͩһһϵƤ½У֤ͩû߻¡ͩһܻܵܣ֮ǰ˵ı֮ӣͣظϻֺöҪӶ̽Ϣ
Щͩ⣬ҰףӲʳõ飬˵Ķա
ֲֿԾشڡ
УɡŹŻƶ
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ͩһ˼ȴĬ
ֿһˣͩ˵Ͼһõĵѹһ֪㶨һ𣿡
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ֿ֪ͩЩһֱԸΪŲѹʵ֣Ҳв˼
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ǸͷʾԼû˵
˼Ļֿͩմɡ
λ£ղң˷ѾԾˡ˵΢΢ס
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ֿĿ⣬ӻ糯ʷ̨һ˵̫һܻ¸ҳ͢ѡˣܵ˽Իױͼı֤ݣ˷ݸʷ̨İʱ˲
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ܣ
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ü˼ãʵԲûпܣ˭;У˲
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ʲô𣿡ֿ
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ֿͷʷ̨ʷȥˣҲϲ˶ʱ䡣ݺǵˣȻ֤ôҹԺ©Ҳ顣
ȥҵĻҲ뿪ѾȥˣϢͻҡ
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ץץԼͷҲûиõİ취ֻܵϢ֪λ»ʲô·ӿԲһ飿
ֿͩͩһȥµľڣ밲̸һ̸ȻٻعҰһأ
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ﱡֿдֻܿöлȭǡ
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ֵȽ˵գ˶ӡ
ȻŴʱ顣ڼдţ顣
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ԻݱҲ飬⸮ʱ֪˷˷ѾϾҲʮ꣬ڹôã׻ûԼô顣
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ĵĸϴѹס⼸ս겻ĸ֪ԺҪô
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л㡣
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ǰأƽʡ
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276 · 
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ǸˣƽϢ뼾һ־ԼоϢŭˡ
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ƽ̧Ƥһۣô޲ˣ
һô飿ô飿ҲһһˣܱܿûµˣΪҲ鰸Щ˵񾭣ҲΪҲǶͷⲻڵȥ߱𣿡
ƽѵúеĲӣ𣺡Ҳ̫߹ɱˡ·֮ǰǱڲ鲻鰸Ϊ׼㲻ⰸӣҲˡ
˫ּΧϣűĬ
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ΪⰸӵĹؼǺԺź̧֣ʵ
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涼ǽһƬܲ͸磬ֻͷһ촰һ©¡ԴںڰǴҳĲãڸʵʩѹ
ݼӳ֣һֱûиֻɡ
ڼࡣ
ʵһֱѵ빬йϵ
̧ҲֻΪ˲ɱġ빬ûйϵӦǴȥ𣿡
ϲ̬ȣȫΧŵѹ
ԴһŰ˵̫̥顭ɷ˵
嵽Ϊʲô̫ҽִҲҵʱŰһ˹ȥ̽ʱŵ֪Ϊ̫̥ȥ̫ۣʺ󻤶̣˵ҽΪӲ̫ӣµġ
Ǵҹʱڳҵһ𣿡Դʡ
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˵꣬Ѽ¼ݸϿ
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Դʵְʵڲ֮ǰΪʲô˵ƫƫҪȵ˵ְǿ֮µġ
ʲôһ㣬Ҳ˵ǾⱾǼҳûҪ⴫˱Ͳɱġǿ˵£Ҽڿǽտ£ҽڶܵĿһʱûס˵ˡ
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Դһϣ˼Ҫȥ
ҡҡͷԴվʵǰ뵽ʲô밸йأʱҡ
ɴ¹Աųң϶еļ¼ʵԴ£ô
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²ǰģʵ
Դûشϣֻǵһ£¹һֱ벻ס̫ˮݣ˽֪ôǰɱ̫ȷʵǴ֮١ݵˣбҪô̫׽㣬̫練ƣȫ֪ڶ£ΪηҪӢϯɱԼ˾أ
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277 ץȸ 
Ϊû֣
ʵҲûװΪʲô, ȴҪô˵ɱԼ׽㡣
£˵ΣʵҶ֪仰Ǵ˵, ˭֪ɱ̫ǰ, Ǳѹġ°ҲΪ̫ϵЩӱԺ, ó漰°߰ӵ䶨ҪǱ鰸ô͡
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˵Դһۣûи˼粢ҵĺڰһе
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̧ͩһº͵Цû, 顣
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ͩ˵ʱгɣ˵Ǽ, ģǰ, ʲô
ﱡϲˣתһֻͩҪ˺ȥݻȻ֪, Ҳûô, شжš
ô˵, ̫Ŀйأͩ૵
ڳҵſѩǸ⣬ʱջعն仰֮٣Ȼشٳ˹ѩͩЩܡ
ﱡͩüԽԽأ˵£ʵҲ˵ǵµ⡣̫̫֮ìվýûãһӣȻǻС̫ĺ

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Ϊ˱ĸҲ̵ǵһһĸװԼ͸һ˸
µĴȽյ̫ö١
һ·޻ͩԭľӲࡣ
֮ͩȥ밲ÿֻҪͩ׼ϲԵĸ㡣
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ͩ߹ڻߣĸ
ȥϾȥôãˡͩϵǱøӼ̲סȥīȾôչģ
ͩ΢ЦţŻһԲ
Ҫ˵ҪҸչǡӣīȾҲӣôŮչ˵ϸ£
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ԣɫ΢䣺˭˵ģ
ͩصڹȥ£˹ˮҵġ
üĿ˲ǶǵģҪˮô£ʺЩʱ̫ЩԼڵӣ
ԣĹѩ֮ԲԸöʺ֪ˣΪǺҵģȷд£ͩʵ
ü㼴ǶʱסڹߵڹŮţҲŮšѩû˽飬ⲻԶ׼ģżˣڹͷ̧ͷģʲôС֣
ͩŻĿ˳ϵЦݲȥѵЩģ
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֪ͩôġǸĺӣ֮ж˿յȥҲд֮飬ãҲȫĸӵԵ֡Ǹмġ
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ãþ˲ϵᣬʵ࿴ˡңٻ£ӧҷϽС㣬䣬ó黭һ˵õһȥ
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ǺҼ㡣ȫûע⵽ͩеɫס֣ͩһֺŮ죬ҵŮŶˣѾɺˡҸӽ⸮һɿĹܼңԼһЩŮСˡ
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⸮ڻʳǸϽǣռһ硣
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£ε֪ģЩй˵˼֡


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ѧɵҲ֪Щģŵþ͹˵үү̣ɱңɱҰҵǺԺĺִѧʿǼеǮҪǮҸǱǣǧɱҰ
ΧñЩȣѧҿ⣬гһѶֱ̽ѧȥ
ѧŵû겻壬ƿžƹȥܱߺɱңҼǮҵǺִѧʿҵеǮҸǮǱɱң
ѧôţһ·ܳƹϴ֣ü˾֪ΧȺǰȴֲκ飬׷׶ڽֵ۷׷ס
ǲźּҵĴô׷ɱ
ǸӵܣﲻǶǮȥԺ˭֪ǲ˷ծ˹˺ͣ
źֺôҲʿôôĶӣ
˼Ƿ˶Ǯ׷һ֣
żҴ˵ǼǮǳԹٺ»жǮ
Ͳ˰ɣŴӵĵѾˣŪŪ
˵˵ҲоӸżǮˣֻʱ٣żеˣ
˭˵أ̫٣ʦЩѧ֮ôܿýȥ
иɵӣļⲻ𰡡
ΧȺһһȻżҰܾӻ¸˵˸ֻû͢䵹㡣


279 Ȱ˵ 
ֳִҪΪУ
ΧñΪ׵һֱ׷, ÿ׷ѧһ̹ȥǴ, Ǵŵשϡ
ѧÿһ͸ǿ, Ÿȥ, ڷħһĺС
һ·ȥȻҲƽµصŸĺͬڡ
һ, ;ĽѲߵľ
Χñӵһʱ䣬ץͳ
ԵĸӦһԾȥһɶ࣬û׷ѧһ, ץסѧ˫, ѧŵþң
ѧݵøһֻСһ, ѵ⼸׳˶֮˵ıֻܱЩ˼ס, ס죬ֱޡ
Ⱥ˼ѧƫƧСϣѧҲ, ĲžȻ˳, Уҵź֣ȺФСȻҰңҵ֪, ضǲú
ΧñӻΡ
ѧԵѧһ, ٿһ׹ճ, ѧ
ЩѧĺӼ׹⣬ʶ֡

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ӯһ㣬˲ѾƮΧñǰ⻮ƿ֮ǸΧñӡ
ΧñҲţеĶ̽Ƹ񵲡
֪Ǹ;Уɨ˲ڿһɫĻߡ
ΧñӷӦһ㣬һȥȴһѾǰһΧñϵİɫɴѾȥ룬©Ӿµ򦡣
վĿ꣬Ʈ콣
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ʼĿľҪΧñ˭ûĸĸ׳ָֽӣŵ亹ֱð˲࣬һת֡
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ͩԼߵ޽ǣȷʵֽˣ˿ڲ󣺡޷
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ͩӹӣס޽ǣֻǲ뵱һä˰ˡ游ĸ̫ˣҼȻͲǼ޼ɵ
ҲΪ˵µǰ;롭īȾ̧ͩòĿһĿⶢʶ
ͩΪԼֻ̫֮λһѡǿеǰ;ҪģǱ㲻Ϊˡ
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źͫȻСͨһڵϡ


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˴, ߵһ, 鷿һ磬ʱʱذҹյͨ
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˫ְս, ˶ۣŶۣƼʷԪ󣬺ɱɽҡʯ, ʦɱ°Σ˧ɱ³ƽΡ
վںĽԪ͵̧ͷ顣
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޷׷ȥ֮ʹǣģֹǼһˡλͱű֮ģ֧ӵģǸҪƴҲҪɵ¡
һսȥʮŶȥɽӪսôҲҪԺˣаʱ԰＾ӡŶ̶ĸµʱ䣬Ѿٳ¡
Ȳкתֳ⸱ģ
ݺύ˿ڣôۣܲ
ֻһۼϵˣ֪ڴЩˡ֡ס롣Щ˶ϣȫϡ
˼ȴʹޱȡɼмµ֡
?ֱȴֲҿ޳
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Ǳ黹δͿҴˡ
һѾԷǽ밲ﱡֳǰѴɫҹһɱֳ֡䱸ﱡˡ
ֱǰüʦ֣㷭ۡҲ
ﱡŭ⣬ǰѴɫֱָ顣
״󾪣ǰһȵ񣡡
ﱡ죬¼ת˱Ѿӹֱӵߣƺ֪ﱡˣ˦ִϳĽһﱡĽס
ѹѪֱ
ĸﱡȻҽָ飬ŭ׷װνϡ
ﱡҲƣгһһڻƵ˺һɡְѽѹĽϣŭʵˣ
üɺͳ
ôˣﱡϻн
ˣֲסãһиͱɡﱡָ飺Ӧҵ飬Ϊû
ѪѾȾ䣬Ѫָ䡣ﱡһʣ޻˵޴ӱ
£šضﱡ
Ŀ˵ﱡŭʤ
˶֮䣬ֻ޵ﴫһҵؽ
ﱡǼҲ˲ǣһֱӹ飬ڵԺӣ˦һԺӵĸ顣
üڲ֮󣬾þò
Сѣ¡ҩȥ²̫á
ŷӦæ׷˹ȥ
תԺţ㿴ﱡؾصվ⣬ĵ֮ɫ涯
ÿһӾ͸һ۵ĵ֮ɫֱ飬Ǻ޲ôܹı飬ʹı飬ı顣
ؿԺʯǽϣȻãԼϲϣײﱡĳġ
ﱡ֪ӲҲ޷˵ˡ°޷ȥֻҪá
¡֪Ѿ޸ˣֻҪһ㲻ãҲҪȷƽ˰ɣ
ǹ˼ô࣬ﲻô࣬ʱ˰ߣǲҲ̣˵أ
ǲǣĵŭͻһЩأ
ǰ𽥱ģӿʯǽϵ»ѪǵǽϻһѪۡ
󾪣æǰס飬æ鱳


282  
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æȥͷ, ţҴҵҩ䣬ֹѪ
˵ȥ˵һ, ̲סüսǰô˲ϧԼӣ
ͷ˳, ﻹΰɡ
, Ҳܡû˵꣬ת, ѵشӴ
飬໰˵Щߣʲôأ
Ҳһá˵õ
ֻ̾һȥҩ㱳ҩ뿪ˡ
Ǳô
ʵһ£֪ʵʲô顣ӺûʲôʲôҪȥ
üƿ, 鸡ȥ
ˤ, ں, ߵķŷӦղʵġǱߡʰ
ﱡſվ, µѯ䡣
Ȼĵǣüͷܻչˡ
ЩĿѣߵǰס顣һϵ彣ײǽ, , ﱡע⡣
ﱡ鱻˲ţ뵽֮ǰˡ
, ܹ˵, ֻиڼߵˡ, ֽٸߣˡôܰ˵
ȻѾڲѣΪĳܼ㲻֪ظ
ﱡ࣬ǻⲽȥϥǰϵ彣Ը췣
㵱Ȼ÷üǳ⡣
ﱡͷٱ粵
Լȥʮú֮£öԲԣŭȴﱡɱġ
ﱡ̧֮òԣɳڡ
鲻ҶﱡԹ޻ڵӣͿǸõԼֻܲĿʱҵĽ㡣²˺ĶͲôˡ
һֻץסԼĿڵ·
ﱡ֪ƷԣԼҲŭŻ˲˺顣
ô᲻ѹʹأ
۶
ǻӣ̫ӵУҪ̫ӵйޣҲְ취
ﱡһߵ˺УҪĵطͻ˵գﱡԼȥ췣ˡ
ﱡžȻʲôƿҪֱֱ䡣
仹ûӦѾ޵
ƹ磬鿴ſڴϡ±һ̺Ӹסϸ棬¶İԲ
һĨֵĴ⿴һȣȻкδӶֱüҡ
û뵽黹ȥ̺Ӹסӣκһ£˿ھ˺һۣǰԲ©øࡣ˼£ٶֻĿı޼ɵߡ
üƬ̼۾ģ
о衣
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ı̻εģЩ˺ѵ˿֮£ȻһƬһƬѾ׵ˣ
һı
ˡ
һЩʣذͷ΢΢زҪˡ

΢΢һƲסֱ֮ķ
ڣ֪ԲˡԼıЩɲ˰̱
ʵŷŭ衢ˡ
ĸŮӲϣԼ覵ļ
ٲںԼģȴҲԼªһ棬ޱر¶ǰ
㡭ֹ֪Ӧô˵
ŬԼɱȪˮһ㣬ԴԴϵӿ޷ס
һ˰̣ŵģĹȥ
ĹȥʹԼǡ
Ҫչʾ
Ϣ齣£ָСشżЩûб޴˰̡
Щ͹ƽˣڰǰǳµģЩЩʹĻ˺۵ʽԿϣǡ
΢΢һȴҲûж
鴹оۣ⡭ҿ㱳Щˣ
ҧ촽Ỻ¡
ûĸϲŮɲİ̺۰ɣ
δϻӲ˺۵壬顣ɻЩӣôʾãôʶҲ߽
ô飿
Ϊأ̧첲Ҫ˵ѱ˰̲ˡ
Ȼ֮䣬Լί
ҲԼôѿİ̺ۣʱʱ̵̿һҹ顣
ñˡ
һֱΪԼںʲôģ鿴ʱȻ޷ƵĴۿ
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Ҫôܽľ档
Ȼоһͷ󣬶һƬĴļ
ɴ۾ţȻ˺۵塣
һů֣ؿ壬£ڻͷϣҼǵãȢĵڶ죬͸߹㣬ҲЩƤҡ㲻ѹҼȻȢ㣬㲻㡣ҵҲҲ˺ۣǳƽˡ㣬ⲻĴҵĴ
⻰һɺϵسײżķӿ
۰ɣЩˡʵ
ԸȥһҹĻ⡣
Բ𡣡ͳŰûڣڼĶ߻졣
һ̼軯ˮ˲ɢ
ֲ˲ϵᣬ飺ΪҪǸ
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΢΢һ仰ܹǴĵط±ûκθϵѡĽ
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ΪһԼʹ
̧ͷ顣
ɫҰףӰ֮Уž˫Ȼ޹⡣
˼ƽ˺Ӧзִ硭˰𣿡
鲻
ļ򣺡Ȼ֪Ҳ˺ۣӦúúŲǡȻԺܹŵˡ顭
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̰ΪüʹɲȻ˵ȣ·԰ڻһ㡣һƬ֮Уߺ̼䣬籩٣
Ƭ̣˶أࡣ
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Լʱ˿˼ܷꡣ
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еĿأ飬㲻ҲΪ𣿡㲻һеĴ£ҾȳҾͲصˡвô𣿡
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Ĳ˺ۣҲԼһвмˣ뱲ӻ
вӿ
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ȵӹˣվЩ빲Ѱӡһȥһ׸Լ
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۵ֻڴſ۾ĿĿ⣬ʱ˸ѡ
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ŶӦһŲŲҰҩͺˡ
鲻õüż쿴
æͷ˱Ǻȥѷϵҩ˹
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죬ôһ̣ܾѾ׵ؽΪˣǰ˾Ȼˡ
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Ϊʲôƺû᲻ͬ⡣
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֮ǰǷֿжڹϾһ̡ǱƷֿڴ±ද̣һˡ
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Ѿϰնߣһţлû˵䡣ֻҪߣ;η塣
Ҫȥݣҹܵס𣿡ͨģüûչÿʱһ˿Ǹ⡣
׼Զекصӣ滹˼ëձǰҴϾľǸһ㶼ۡ
׼ĶǷĵģΨһĵľǼϵˡչˣӦҲûд󰭡
ͷպЩٰȥɣȥųĶ顣
Ҫóƽ˧𣿡ʵ
һҪĥδƽȥЯ˼ܲһֱûл̵Ľ죬¼һֱ飬жһǻѪǺӡ
ҾãӦҲѳɴϡǺӣҿžʢ˵츳


283  
һ֤ҵġ
ӻûж, սָǳʲôӡйǡ
޷ң󷽱ǡ, ȥҪѧϰЩС, ĥĥҲǺõġ½ض⡣
ܵס˵¼Ҷ, ȣй֮޲
, ȥ
˸ڷ÷աȥ
š˶ӣһķѵľʹ˿ķʹٶϵҩ·ֻñסǰ
ϴ齣, ڴ, ͷϵ˿ڣٶ, ĲЩڵĶ֪ΪʲôϸԲˣһ㱳ˡԲԣ
ż, رűӣһԲ
鷢ɵƤһȥ, Ҳᡣе˺, ҲС뿪ر, ҲΪǼ²Ľڱôķɳ, Ҳ˺, 㶼ûңʸ㣿ٶˡȻһһֱһֱѹ
鴹ܳĽë޵ɨϵëһһòҡÿóĽᣬüѳֲסԼеǵ¶
ǸκʱԼ۲˳ˮƲӦһ̾ͻ꣬׾ٵۣ
ûúô·һ۾ôɢĹڼϣһܿаĲɸӲı£һ˲£ȴ鰮еĶһһЦƶĲ࣬üãá
ôߣøȵϢ˲ڼΧдϢһ޵ճڼļϣһһ£õÿһǣüķһȦ
顭
ӣ鰴ס֣ܣ֤Ҳ㣬Ҫһᰡ
ıϢĴһһļ֤
ʱˮ޷Ѿһ鶼ȥ
顭Ͳסֳס飬֪ˡ֪ˡ㲻֤ˡ
˳׽ס֣ǣ𣿡
ҡҡͷÿһ¶ײĲϣòѡ
ˣԲ𣿡һһջҪҸ㶼˯ôˣһ¶ң˵ȥҶûӰ
Ҫ⣬鳷أԼĴס˼졣
ͷģһֳֻ಻Ϸ֣üûа취˵û취شֻܿطصѾȾһˮһ£ˮ۽ǵ䣬۸޴ӡ
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֮ŶҩʣݰףõҪȥ׷
һס𡭡˻ۣ
䲻ֻ˳ڴϣǸˣ֪³ϵˣô𣡣
Ϊ䲻ѿζŨҩ˹һںˡ
ԹԳһϲȵҩ࣬Ҳա
ʰ¶ǾͰ˵ȥģһʱزˡ
һҪ뿪˵þͲ㵸űף
ȥ֣ʰ
һסϵʹ˺Բ
ǡŵŮȥů
ԻƬûеŽ֪̣ʱأˣ񣺡
˳ӣ˵
Իɣȴɴƹ档Ѫģ·ɵס졣
Լˣֻ°͵
Ի߹ȥڴβͷ
Իʺð˲飬Ϊʲôң
ԻݵҾûҪ鷳¡
ΪʲôҪ滻˲ʡ
¹ĸԵ²Իʵش
ͷ⼸գһɣûӣĹ͡
ӦġԻݵص
أѾӦҳȥԺԻݣֻ͵̧ͷԺ⸮СЩġºܿҪǶڣҲҪغã͸ǰǶڵʱһ
סˣԻƺû뵽ȥ
ǣָָԼ󣬡˳Թ˲Ͼȥ٣׾ġ
Իݵͷס֣ϵᡣ
ܲ
Ŀϣʲô˵޷
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֪Իݵ˼ˣ֮ԻʺСЬԻʺף˲飬ѡվ顣
ϵ⣬ѾԼ˼Իʺ󲻻Ź
Ƭ̣ڰˣǲˡ
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㲻ؽǣյ飬˵ˡ¡½ԲǶ໰ˡ̫һ򲻺ͣЩ鰸ϸڣǲдڰңһΣ̫ӵֻʣʷ̨̲ȱλ̫Իʺ붯㣬Ҳġ
ô˵Իݵʼвҵпļʵġ
˵Իݵ۾ͺˣֹס
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Իƺû
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Իü㵽ΪֹټԻ˵
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ʯһһһʯ仹ᱳʹֹסֹһۣ´õǣŶǱϥ֮ǰ߾ƽȣҲǱ˹
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һӣûֱ˵Դ󷽣һбճԼ°Ϊоʦһλʦ뵽߾ʦӼΡ

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˫̥һϳĸһֱǸչܵܡ
ڱʱֻȥսѹԼߣǱԼİȫ
ԴһֱԹԣǾǵˣǻðǶʶ֣ԹҲֻΪ鲻ս
γ˧꣬Ȼû
˲Щʧ䡣
ѡ˧أѡĶڶʮʮҵὫ졣鿴һǱǵĸһ԰ȵʱиʱԹ飬¡
ǰ¼ȻΪ԰ԭʱľ֮˶Ŀʶ飬ģƣ
һĽǣȻûоսЩȴѾڳ¼п˾ЮƵȨĺ
Ƕʷ˼ǻþȨԺһǰһ֪


284 ͽ 
ü졣
еĲӵݸң˧Ŷ, ݸ¡һбҪţ糯Ҹٰա
ԺǼգѾѳ, 鲢ûеʱ䡣
ҪȥɽУһǱ硣
ȻǱʱ䲻, һʺ±̨
˵, Ƿͷȥ׼ѳƽ
ƽվµ˵
, ߵߣȥ㸸һ£ǿɷԸܵҲҳ
ƽ̧µ˼ǡҲԸһ𡭡
Ǹһ𡣡ǱҪ֣óɸżӣӪ󷽡˳＾һЩС¡
, ǱǼܿǰսҲȷˣĺ, ôܾܾ
ƽͱȭǷлΣ
ļ򣺡㻹ǻȥ㸸סܵһ, ٻҰա£˵˲, Ҫɵͷ
ƽ˵ǸСлսģȣȻظȥˣ
ͷʾȥɡ
ȥһ˺ɽУ鰲, ߡ
ѾȥдһӪӪ±ĵˡ, СߵȻҲͲ鲻Ը
ƺ, վ, , ʵί
˫˫ҡͷ
ίôô˫£
͵ǴЩס
СҧŴǾ벻ףΪʲôǰڱУ¶Ǵ
֪С˼ǴҲһˡڱʱǾͶΪ
һǿѹȸ֮Ծغһ
˵ѹȸУվսɱյ
֮󣬴ûдװ
ų飬İָЩһӹš⼸µڱӪɳѩļҲǵӣһսǱԡѪޣɱ¾ء
֪鲻ˣϥ£¸
иҪ˷ʱ䣬ظȥУʮȦдԲ飡֮ǰд벻ףҲҪȥˣڰţ
£Ķŭˣ׷ױȭ£ȥӪûôУ
һۣûǣȻϡھ͸ҹȥȦʲôʱˣʲôʱң
ûǣ˦ȥ
æϣвκ
ڹѾĺǣ˳鷭ֱš
ֱ׷ȴ١ֻ㬵˰
ֵݸŷ˸
ס򶫣»᲻Ĳȥݰ
ϣʲôʱ³ü
޵˦˵ʮȦˣһȦҲ벻ΪʲôƾʲôֻԣΪǺŸڵߵⲻƽ
ԭί˰Σ̾һô˵ȥܰɡʮȦ˵
ЩйʮȦ۶ˣĻ顣
ô˵ǲҲӡֻͷУʵʵʮȦ
ʮȦѾ쵽ŵʱ
һȦֱ˵ϣڴҲ£ʵô𣿡
׸Ҿת䡣
Ӳ˲ԼϵĺҲûס벻ף¾ͲȥݡҪʱиһǾͺˡ
ˣȻվ򶫣Ȼȥ
ҲվǸð취ôı֣ǵ飬Ҳܿɣ
˶һۣСȥ
ֻڽС
ſڣ⣬俴һǻ˵·ȥһ·ա
ŷԼȷʵݲãæˣȥԡ¡
Ŷ룬û˯ѡ
ߵߣҡѡ
ôſڴϣ˯˯졣
Ҫѯʵ˵һ飬еתѣѾû֮ǰôˡ
ţ·ա·ֻһ·ϡ
һɾѣš
Ǿվšڴϣ·мһ硣ɴɵģԼӰ
ϥأְݼ
˵ա˵ǸձʮȦЪЪ
Ůǰӣ
ȭл
ʵΪʲôǣ
ܾãеڱӺ״ĸо˭ȿ˵
֪ǶһƴӣҲ㷣ǣǷһЩ飬ˡ
ǰսڼܷǵɲࡣ
΢֪Ϊʲôˡ
ǡ²ǵ˧̣Թʵ
򶫵صĸԹе㡭ѡ
ûʲô˼ǲ˭
һۣ˼˵һһӪӪ˧ǲǴҲŵˣΪʲôǾͲУѵΪǸʱˣ²ǣҲսΪӮƯ̡
Ӱһһ֪ʱȴһ
ǣǱһΡˣ
һĬ
û𣿡ʵ
򶫵صǶţÿζ¡
ǱҲû˵еҪô򡭡Сֹ
Цһû˵κһҪô򡣿ĸҲûֳɵĴ𰸣ϲдͲö𣿡
򶫹ǡҲû飬ôͿԵ˧
ףԭط
ʵô֪Ҳû飿
죬ӵǸһֵ£ʱ俴顭
Ӱӵ˵ͷҼǵȵ۴͸ɣС͸ŵһѧ顣ѧĶǶѧ¿Ƕŵһ𿴹ֵʱҲ֮ǰѾڶʹѧʮ֮߱ǰѾУʮ䡣Ǹڵ߲ʱ䣬ҲǸһĿȾġս֮˲Ϣ䣬˵ܿűӦ䣬ĵӶûУҪηİѽʿǵϣ
ǲЩȵ۴̵ĽǣҲûʲô顭
Ϊǲ飬ǵĶӡսϡǵ飬Լ˹Ѫѻġÿһ飬ѪֵĽѵŻҲһ㣬Լ׽ˣս𣿡
ˣҲҲκνڡ
ĳȰ²ǴǾǲãǾǻûﵽĽڳ֮ϵЩ٣ͨ͢ѡٳġǼⱲӶûսıҲҪġͣһ껪ʮţһ껪ʮѧϰĺͣǲѧȴ֪ŷǡ
ڶ棬ȻóϷȴΪʲôǡ
ɣս飬ҿ԰Ǹ˵֪ûа취˵ģԵģǹ˵µҪܵӦĳͷ
һԸ˵飬ʲôܲվֻҪǴʲôУ
ǸҲϧ𣿡ʳ仰ʵ˶һ㶡
¶˾Ҫս׷׵ϥصϧ
Ĭõ֪ˣȥŰա
˷ܵ˳
俴˵ӣûĺӣô͸˵Ҫս̣
㲻һԣԶ֪ԼġǾһ̣ٳɳԺҲΪ۾ҰľһֱʢѪڵʱ򡣳Ҫ硣
ǵ˵ͬ𣿡߽ϵɴ¡
ȣ˿ڲţһЩ˿ĵطûϡõҽȵҩĸߴ˿ϵҩ
ֻһҹһĹϸС˿ڶѾ衣
ѾСΧˡ
ҪҪһʿ𡣡ñЩҪȥץ
һץס֣ץ˵ڳ⣬ǲϰ̸࣬ţ
òУҰһա
û취Ҳ֪ʱѰץֻܰһߴһ߰š
ߡ±һ㡭ԣû˯һ죬һĹǷ˯һᡣ
㲻ˣ
һðաſᡣ˵Ҫſȥ̵úһſ£˶档ֻͷ΢࣬¶
Ѵʵɴ˳ȥ
һ˯˯ʱĩ
ձϴ񣬴ʱ¶ңǳɫкҹ֮ϡ¹أֱ
ÿɴͿӰڴ϶˶
߽ȥ¶棬¸һű봲߹ȥڴߣظ˺ۡ
һ£ͷӱֻۣǰһźµӣŵ˲ˡ
űſѾװ
۹װԺɫΪڼؿڡȵȵطƤʵĻסͷɫĹڸ߸βĳϵŹСȵľѥҲƤסǶװ˶Եø䡣
ֻ鳤̫ÿװеִĴָϿİָ١
飬ֻһ£ѾŲۡһݾԵýᣬӲһݾԵôֲڡ
ипֻſ԰װôÿ
񣬵ͷЦˣʲôأ˯һ˻û˯
ŻŲĿ⣬ԼĽ߲ҹС
ȥɽУЩǱǣǸ徽߾ḻţûлǴ
ˣ˵ףİǱһ˵ָ֮ܵʲôڦü̫ðˡ
ǲԣԶ֪Ǽڱʲôλ֣ͷǱǱ˿ڣ˶лᡣһҪԡ
֪˵ûζۡ
ȥʱ򿴼ǱʲôͼֽȥԼĶͷûзȡ
ģɵءšһ
˴üͷʵ˯һˣ𣿡
Լû˯ֻ۾ɬ
賿ǱҪ̣ӻûã˷˯գһʱŷ׼ҹˡ
ϣǲԶ𣿡ȷʵ֪ʱֻ벹
Ե㡣Ȱ·ˡ˵ȥ˾
ٳʱ򣬴ǿİɫ£ֻؿϵһˣԽˣ¾ܿ漡
ҿһֱͷ
ûŮʳ
׼ĵСϡڰϡ
ָụָ̀ϲŶǱҪв÷ֻιܾǹġһҩ࣬ҲԼȡ
棬һ࣬ᴵţ·һõķǳҪ顣˼¶ȣ͵ߡ
죬Щܡ
ϲŴӦҵ飬ôˣ
㲻չҡ鷳𣿡ʵ
ֲĴΪҲűġִذӾڼߡ
飬ֲֻһһ׵ιš
ܳԾͶԵ㣬ȥ˾ӪֻиˮʳõǱǰˡʱζԲһƬι
ݵҡں󷽣ӪʿǵĻʳȻ뵽ʲô£ˣһû㡭ͩǱߣʲô
ᵽֱ̧ͩˣϣֳңˡ
źǼ£֮ǰ飬ǽģ𣿡顣
ͷֳ֮壬Ը⿴ŽҾʹû䡣⡣
Ժ󡭡£¶Ҫͩˡ̾һԵĻʵǲͩΪСһѾӦԲϾ
ӣּһ⣬ι
üҳԣôֻҳԣ
УùˡЦӯӯ
Ҫˡ뿴֪ƭ÷
ּһ⣺ܳ⡣
Ҳϲô͵ĶüܿĿӡ
ü졣
л˵
ˣ޸Ŀ


285 ʹ 
ҵǸ
в, Ͱͷ˱
̫ˣĶ棬ܿĺǡ鴹Ӿ, úţⲻѹ𣿡
ﷺŹ, ǹͳһȦ, ϡ޵ʾüһ顣
ű, ôŹ۾ȴֳ顷ǹģÿһʾü뵽ʡ
ΪԼϲɫǰ, ǿƹǸ, ÿζ޼ɵع, ܲס̲, ֻ˳⣬¡
ЦˣЦý
ұˡ, ˿
ͷ˿ҩ𣿡
ҡͷ
, ѷڴϵİ˳ȥݸŮתǰ, Ϸҩƿ
ȫ˹, ѵ˴, գ޹۾żƿǵģ
ƿĨϵģƿĨڽĵطƿĨ˿ĵط
ͷȸҩ
ȥҩա
ûСذѼɴ⿪ֱйеúףÿһָͷһȦ
Բ𡣡˲ͺˣһָϣ΢Բ𡭡
֮䣬ƿһ侧Өһ
ˣ
Ǹû¡̵ҵˣأǱϿĺءδΪˣѹûˡû£ͺˡ
ޣһ޾ʹһȵĳʪǰЩ࣬һ͸ۡ
鲻˵ֻҩƿҩϴصڼָϣȻѷĩȡ
ȵıϢһֱż֣һֻȮԼһ㡣
鸩߳һأĿֻֻ΢Ĵϣ̫ϧˣⴽڴҩ˷ˡ
úܣղ֣һֱץˡ
̵࣬ԺҪԲ˷Ұǣհ̻˲ꣿ˿ûвнҪҩۣһɾɴá
һָͷϵ֡
Ѿ۽ǻź⣬ҩƿһƿҩתſ¡
ѡſ£ʵܲıϢһֱ޵ļ
ſıϢҲˡ
Ȼſţܸо޵ıϢء
ѹѹ
ٿˣٶ࿴һۣܰɶǣ
ָȵģϵ£һٵذҩϺá
һḶ́˰ʱ
ſţ˯
źҩƿصϣ۾ȡ鰤£˸ϵı
Ժһ˵Щʲôϧ̫Сģ壬
黹ǻشյߣ֪ˣ˯˵
һ˯˹ȥ
ڲͷ£һͷĿ˯ȥ
*
ˣ컹û
˯һգ£ѵر硣黹û𣬿Ŵ½Ҳ쵽ѵʱˡ
ţ˵棬Ҽѹ¡
סӣŲӣÿλá
ϵɴѪѾˡ
̲סüִﲻãҪ硣
籾һֱˣԼֵ顣սϣȴ֡
һû̾Ѿȥ׽ס֣Цһ磬ôȷʵ˵ò
˻
Ȼײ壬۵ֱ졣
æ֣޴Ҫʲôҿײˡ
üһȴгһߣЦû졣
ŷӦڶ
˵Ͱֶֻ׽סͷͷͷñϢ˱Ҷ
ܲĥ㲻ǳ֮Σ
Ҳû˵Ǹӡ˵գߡ
⼸գձ鹴ͲסҪʳҪֻעϡ
ͷѲֱ˵ɣǲҹҹҵɫ
ҹҹ̧ͷ۾ʱʱʱ̡
å̧ͷס죬ѵˮӹóҺϲ
һ£ϵľˣʪĴϣʵôȻô
ҧĶ䣺սʱַɡ
鲻֪һ漴˿ڣʡ
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Ӷǳʵ΢
黵Ц̽УﴵҵǸ
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·ھʲộĸԸְμ̡
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Ĵ
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סҪǸҿԵȡ
źþȫʱ߳ĻƣȶаЦ־С
ְԼĴȥ͵áϲ㡣ģϲϲ㡣
ڴ˵ģɲŮӣ˭֪תǲǾˡ
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Цȫӵ㣬ҳԸĨˣǲ㡣
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Цһ飬лӻʮ˽̴֮µ֡÷棬ǲ
㻹ŮӣҪ˵
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šתѣ۾
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ͷ֮ǰݡ
ҹˡҧһ顣
治ɫ˵ô׷ȥŷϴ
ȥաҲ֪ǲͬȵ۴͸ģǱǻʳˣǿ㵱һӣᡣģҪ屨ɱ֮ÿһս˵ܱ󡣡


286 Ұ 
һ̣Ȼббȥӭ
ƺܲᵽ, £ȻսӦúúÿЩżСңͨ˱ż, һ֪, ηĵİѽʿǽǣ
ˤǵĺûᡣȥǰ䡢ȷӡ侳ĸһ, ǿʵأסĸ첲Ե, һֱܾǣǻĴԹġ
ǳˡѧ״ˡ
ս˻ɣ
鲻Ӳ磬룺Ե㡣
ˡ˯ûʲôθ, Ҳǿ, һȥ˼üŷ׼ϡ
÷ʱ, ͼȥ˵ѾãһƺƵس, ±˲֪ڴ̣Ҫȥˡ
ڲŵżСδ鲻·, ˵, ˿бʡ
һǸ⣬ֲĿ, ǱȰ, ɻû
ż, Ȫн
ʱʱסȪݣ˰ԺӴͨˡԺǽϴһŶȪȪһ
ȪƻؼƽѾź𡢷ƽǱԺſӭӡ
˿飬һżȥ޵װ
˸һڴȼ·
ӻûȣŷ֪ͨƽ˵ѾͣˡţԼƽһȥӭֿ
ֿڣ΢Щ졣
ȴЦӯӯֿʲô´ˣ
ռֿüôӭͣ
ص𣿡
ֿϻֱֱ߽ֿȣпˣһëûУ
ֿûͷϣҲһǲǣ
֣صҡͷϣúõġ
ֿûôСȻ£ԼʵҪһ
ǡش
ֿƬʵϲǻ𣿡
ƴӰ˳ִҪȥݡŴȥ̣꣬꣬һҲġ
ֿ֪ûôӲãҲҽȵչˣʲôӡ
ˣҪ֪û£ҲˣֻǴͳһɫӣݸ飺ҽҵһ⡣
ӹǺеԿһֿ֡
ֿͣкзֲ̣غһʲôȱȻǮ⣬սʱµ˶ԱΪϣʱҲû̫·ӡе·Ӷ֮࣬ͽҲһֱбóЩó߲ͨĶǿԴӺߡӣ㲻áãЩ˾п֪ҵĹϵֻԽ˵ݵã׵ġ
ãһѺеĵպãֿ֪ڵһ̣Ǵࡣ
ֿվһߣץסĸ첲
һ̣Ȼ֪ǼģɶЩı߾һֱûͣһսһս˫ǰս˭Ӯһ֣ͺпԺ󱱾ս֡
һ̲̫ס
ౣءʲôҪԸšһúһԴ֧Ԯǡֿ飬һֻĸ첲һְֻסԼȡ
ʹԼʱֻں󷽸֧֣ϳɱС
ֿ˼ִֿˮ
Ҳ̧һֻֿ֣ļ򣺡İգһսҵ˺ܾˡ
ֿݺݵļתߡ
𣿡ֿӰ
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ӣһֱûб
ߵģǺӣػ
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Щգû鵽֣ڹµС
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Ǳ֪뼾һֱΪЩǣľ֮ŬţȻǻ֮ӣµĳϿ̬ȣѾ𽥻˼µϿ½⡣
˶֪֣Ҫ˧߰ĻӣĳԼжҪ廯ɸΪ񲯡
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һһսǰ򿪣һսƵʱ򿪡
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߱ܶ飬սɳ
ȥźܶ񡣼Ҫ·ϵİճˣҪЭعٸ೧ҪܶĳʳԱʱ֮衣
ݡǳأԶ̺ݲҵСԪԤƷΧڡ֪·ߣƳ֮ǰͰݲҵʧ֮͡ǰΪձյĲҵرϾȥӣΪպ󱱾ս¡Щ뾭̣һ·ֿĺбݻл˸ɵйĲƸʧδ
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˧˧ݣֻԵصݵۣ˵ۣʵͨ档˭ҲûȨıѡˡ
˶óγһңһΪ˧һžʦ
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Ϊһʼͼᶨֶ֧۵ľšȻҲһֱͳ˧а֮á
γ¼ҶӸսѧһǰ㣬Զ˵ǶδڵĽ˧֮š
̫̰ī̫ɱֱ𽻸ʷ̨µֿ֮ҲûϹ
ԴȺ֮ն밲ڽúܡ
ֱֿϹϾ̬ȣҲֻŴǰĴֿ
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ԱֱͷҲͩ޲ڡЩľøԲɡ
һ˽˰ʱջȥѾ񽻴飬Ժľӹˡ
ļͩᵽ͢ʹйΪλ޿̲һְȱԸݴ̲һְ
ͩ治ɫһ񣺡ȫ·Ը
֪̲λסû뵽ǣλã۾ȻͩǸҶꡣ
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ӵоָȨģҲֻбѡֻǰ
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糯˶һ߽鷿ϣ͸ѩϼܡѩûзɥͣѩϼڡȥѩϼһǰһŮѩϼܡ
ܿǸŮѩϼЩɫӻͷģ
Цݴͬеӣûһ˿ףȾ
ϲǸŮЦݣܾǸЦˮ԰İһϴøɾ
ŮǵãͬϷ壬ֻҪз磬ǱһЦ
ߵ޸Ұɡ
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õһʱ⣬ԼôΪġ
ǳɻ֮һֱྴΪõġ
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֪Ϊʲôĸһ˿⡣Ϊĸܿ࣬ԼһжĻϲ
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ļ𽥱ģˡ
ǲʲôʱʼûЦݣʱֻ벻
˵оõ
ÿڳ֮Щϳв̤һʹ֪Լ̫ӵϣԼ뵱̫ӵ˼
Ϊ֪Ȩļ̳ߣֻϵȨܵõõĶޣҲΪˡ
ΪãֻҪ뿪Ǿһֱһδһ죬뿪


287 սǰϦ 
һ𣬹
ѩߵ⼸, ˯
һ˯μѪУ, ˣҲٿҲ߹ȥ, Ѫﱧ
һ, صذı䶼ѹľ, ԰ĸ档
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⴫ŵ
عоһᡣֲ
Ŷ룬һ
źеԹû, ֻһֱ
£
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ûҪ֦, Ҳ;ܾˡ
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û᲻ͬ⣬ð̧, һ, ֻĿڴ֮ѩϼĵطбȻ
㲻֦, Ҳܻ뿪⻰˵, ȴҲĮ
ĬƬ, ҩԶϷȥ졣
üȴҲûٶ˵ʲôֻǽһ˳ȥ
ղʿʱ򣬺ͳûȻôڹѩޱ
֦ڶΪжԹѩ
ΪȻȻҪλ뵽չѩ
ɣЩõĸȥǾͲôһ˴ˡ
޷Ը飬ҲС
*
ڸˣȴһš
ȥȪݣ漾ס桰ˡࡣȪԻݰŵģණǱĴһֲ
ԻݰȻλ˱ľٶЩ࣬顣ºԻݻ᳹׳ΪڽðլҲȥĺ֮ǡԻݳĹ鰲ߵòףһʼͰܼ֮ȨȥЩģڿȷʵ֮١
֪ϣǸһ
Լ࣬ڵʱ򣬻ʹΪȥһæȥֿĺ󷽲ȫȻû˿
죬ý飬鶼ѾӼܳǲµ˰顣ڼȻѾԼӵݶӦϱ־롣
Ҳû¿мʱҪӳ
Ϲһ䣬ʲôǿԸϵġȻ֪һ׼ʲôšսʱţҲһİ
ڽй䣬ֱߵӲʵ·ֱӸˡ֬ĶΪòˡЩ㣬θãԲ̫̫̫Ķй˼ʱ䣬ҲûҵʲôԴȥš
Ǿʦͷ»ߵв٣鳤̫ΣϦԵøһ·߹˷׷ײĿ
ĿⶼڽֱߵС̯ϣûע⵽ΧѾʼۼˡ
һ·䱸ɻΪʲôҪڽͷ¶档
ӣʲôʵ̲ס飬ʵ
˵㶫Ӵϡ
գգ۾ĿһطȻʲôһ㣬ӣǰի
ôһ˵鵽ˣիһ١ûµַֻ˵Լȡ
ӣҲӦˡ
鵱ӿŲի
Щ̶ûʲôˣٵˣضǸӵܣмϵļҹ档ʱһ㶼
е̶ڴɨȥѾʼˮѹˡ
ϰ̨ˣ̨ԴţǰӱһӰס֪ˡ̧ͷЦ͹롭
˵ʱһ㶣ʲôӹ̨Ƴ߹ȥվһĵط͹ٿҪȡ٣
𣿡ʡ
ϰ׻صˣǰꡣ֪סû취ȥء
ȡ١˵ȡһƱߵ̨Ϸ¡
ϰԵƬ̣ȥȡ
ͷϰȥ˺Ժֿ⣬鶨Ƶٸ˹
ͨúɫľƳɣɫ¡ϡеҹգûйҹЩҹҲ΢㴦ȻΪϣһģ͹ӣƹβխʶȣ濪һεӳأеֻȸڿ֣βһ֦һ֦㴦һ໥ӡա
鷭һҹb䡣㾪춯
١ٽ򶫣պá
ϰЦ͹ϲͺá
Ҳ໰ֻ΢΢ף뿪ի
صʱѾҹмżݵԱԼϯǳԲʹ죬˼ڣԻҪȥ鷿
鷿Զ˷Ȱ
ƽ鵽鷿վǰϵĵͼ
ˣʵ÷𣿡
ûţ߽֮󣬼ſһٴ
𣿡ʵ
ϵĵͼٷӴó٣ڼǰԿ
ɵؿôö˶˵ģһ٣
֮зֿʱң롣
죬ͷȥѺɫ٣һϳ˹մĥϸþ£޿ޡ
ҵһĺƷ壬㵯١ߵߣӺ汧סߵϵֻҪսϣ㲻·ֻҪҲˣ㵯٣ĺǡظҶ㡣Ҿᶪһˡ
ָһӦսҾҪһȣɸոԸȥ㡣һ꣬һꡣ
ôֿס°ͣͷ˹һĴϣҴӦ㣬һšҲҪΪᡣ
㺦𣿡
ǰᡣ鱧ˣᡣ
£תȥۣһ𣬹
ϲӢˬ֡

˵ģ黰
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ıǼ⣬һҪȥɽУƽѾȥˣǱҲһнʿļУҲȥС
á
Ͻ˰׼õʳ鷿ϡȫǾʳһһ̵ذҲһӡ
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֣Ǹģ԰գ˻¡һιҡ
ιһ黹Ǽһι
࣬ÿһҲ鼸ӵ飬Ѳ˰һ顣
һߵ࣬ܶԵͶԵ㣬ӪɳԲôóԵķˡ
㿪Сһڷҿȥ䷹ԡǳɻ˺ã̴ߺüΡ
һۡ
ʱԷ㲻ٿƵʳ֮ǰ̵ʱϰܳԶٳԶ٣ܵĶԡΪ˭Ҳ֪սʲôʡսضǳ£ŶҲټϴ̼˶󣬳ԵĶҲ졣
һ˲Ƭ̣ͱһˣ뷹
δԵô࣬Щȣæвˣٸϵ㣿
꣬þ˲죺ˣȥУٳԵ㡣Ϣᣬʱ·㾫·̣ǲЪϢġ
šͷ
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Ӽһ·ɽУʱѾʱУϵʮ
ӳϽĳǷ붫ֱ־˽ǧ긻ǿϹӲĽʿ
鲻ں˵ĳںЩ˵ļĸҲЩھеĹְǾѡۼ˺ɽУΪľҪΪľµĽ졣
бѡе˶֪ĺûᡣǽҹۼںɽУ˷ܡ
ƽʹųɣӭ
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֣޷иӦĹ̡
˵ձߣƽȥʾȥǣϽӹֵֵ֣ߵذǣˡ
һǣһߴ
̲סںƽ˶ĴȼϣʿˮֹסĸпԭǱǧġơȷʵھǿ֪ȥǲҲǺʮ㣿
ԣɻֹסͷ
ߵߣˣֱӷҪϮһΡ˭֪ǰûǣˣֱ顣
ɲ֪ƥôԣæҪ֣ɺͷ­Ҳʮ㣬ûƣ֪Ȼô󣬸סֻԡ
黹ƽ˵ݵ飬׷׻󡣺ƾճӣûǣԼ顣
ûнǶܻˣ֡ܽ˲ſųɣƲסƣŵñס˺Ƶӡ
ƽСǸµӣܰǰʱȥһģ
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ɾδ˰סæϷڵϹһȦվһ֮ɫҡûԡ
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һҪһƥ̧ͷʵ棿
ͷһԼȳ׷
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ŵֱóɴϲæϥ£ȭл£һüӣ
ûٶͣʾ򶫰ǣȥԼ׼ʿһȵơ
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ɲŲųƽǼһƥһҪĵõʹͣȥǸô
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һʼЩ裬ǾƹѲ֮໥֮Ҳ·߲ˤӱȽģһһò֡
ȡ˽ѵҲûմƣȰҲǰƴǡ
ƵĻԣڰ
ʯ仹б˾һ𣬱ء
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ߵĳϴһգʧ
ɸųƽһ˱ԣȴҲصոȾҳ
Ҳղԣʵôˣ
ʱ䳤֪ϰߣ˼˵ƽٶȱԤҪ죬ǱҹհݳǣôҲյʱ׼ƺҲû;ѹβƸֻǲݲһ±ƽˡǱǵݳǣҲպñٳ£ֱӾһӲҪ򡣡
˻ȴѾˡ
巶ΪߵĶ̫ѰˣҪʲԼ˰Ķ졣
Բǳģֻ΢ѹһ¾ߣǾ˵ǵĿҪģǵ߸Ȩ
üʵǰսŴ˵ݳôƵ𣿡
ҡͷûоսԸ
ʯ䲻֪ڵʲôһߵĳƽҲһɻ˵ĻȭΧļžÿֲѹ֡
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ȥʮˣܻ
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ʱǰһ̣鼯ᡣҲʻţ˴Ķ
ǽ֮ϣůɫĹڰɫҵĳǽԵø롣һοξпεǸĳ
ǽ߱գ졣
վڳǽĺڰΧԽԽʢЩΧ档
ʱӣ
ڣһҹѾƬӳȥˡҪģԼվЩ¡Ҫģ֮˶վڣؼԼĸĸ
һ̣һеת
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ʮܻеƵһŬġ
һϣд벻ѻͼʱֵо
µģ͵£һĳġ
һ£Ҹ4Σ10Сʱ̫ˣ


288 ս 
Ʊһͷǡ
ȥѡ, мǮݵĺľҲʵÿʵľ
Ҫ游ոճϣǴǴ, г̫ⷽģѡ, ڸС´ࡣźëձ, ëձ滹ĽﵽǿŻ, еطšҪǣߵ
ϳɳ֮͹˼ֻ
ֻһоĲ, ÿҪһ·, Щš
¾ڵֲס, ƽЩ˻ЩǰС
򶫡Ҫһ
ʱ̽ͷȥס, ƽһ˵
˳߻С
˽ߵϣڼλ, ƽһ, һࡣĳ֮ϣ̵, ߵᶼ˽ȥ
мһŰ, Ϸż⼸һֱڿݵͼ
͸ĺ, 
ţҲӵ
²žƽȣİһֱ߳ë
ǳƽһԸһ·ҪǸ࿴ѧµʱܵܣҲΪǸõѧϰ
һϲףȭֱʣӣǲͬУ
ûлش⣬ȴһ⣺ǰ걨ǿյˣ
鲻˵ҡͷ
һţݸ飺ҷųŵʱҵ˸ҵϢȿ˵
ӹչŷ⣬һۣɫ˲ͱòÿˡĿ˳ְŵݸ˰ɫҲûö٣תְŵݸ˳ƽ
žһŶҩһ͵˭˭ɫҰס
ɽʮ꣬ļ־棬ŵֱӣƽŵݸʱԥһ²Žӹš
֮û˵ֻǾš
û˵˸ͷݳƣϴ֮ûùе˵ݳĲt̨γˣݵĳǷΪʲôҲûƣ
һֱǵ飬Ҳڴˣ̾һݱϸ󿪳ţ˳ǡ
⻰һһĬ
һֱǵ飬Щʼս۱ǰܶʤ١ȥڶʹʱ򻹲Ϊʲôֱο׼ȷĳڱо·ʱףй¶жĹƣñÿεо¶֮¡
ܶʱڳǽؾͿˣɲ֪ΪʲôĽǻһٶñ׷壬׷ȫ
ȫⶼҵĽҵĽǣƥװԼᱻսɹȥΪǵս
󣬱ݷ⽮פʮɶ걱߾̫ʮֵÿһݣҲͲľ
Щϸ֮£ʮĵҲֻʣʮҡ鰵Ѱϸ˿ǰն˲ٱ죬żʱס˱ġ
ٺ²°ײߣ齨ӹٸѡҪЩ˶мڶ꾳ڣÿ˶ǩ걱Ŵ˴ʤ̵ʱ
˺ÿ߰ǰսϷأÿɧŵòôƣѡλķʽǳΧĴ١
ÿ嶼֯һδģĹ֮٣ȻһζûгɹҲһһεĹУܽ˾飬صʱԽԽã幥ǹԽ꣬سǴҲԽԽ
֪һֱԴУ˺žڱ߾פӪص顣
Ǳϸһֱû뵽ܺõİ취һֻжսϷأԼԼεľȥ׷
¼ϢǣԭЩϸǱξַסȫʱ׼Ӧ÷õʱ򣬸ش
ţ֪⣬һֱûн
·̣˲ϢҲҪϢҵõ²ż
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鲻ԣȴڵһ£ϸд᲻ҲУ
֪ҪȥеľӽӴһ²ҾоӻϸĿԷǳС
⻰ô˵ģʵ
⻰üشͻشˣճţ⣬Զеθߴ彡˶˵͸Ͳ࣬ڱǺܺðϸǴǸ걱ϾΪ֮ãѵ֪֮ǻᱻֵǱֵ˱֮ĵطҲá뱱̫Զˣѵڼ١Ϣǧ·Ҳݲ
ͬصͷΪе죬ƽ㲻ڱʱðȻǰоٶȱػᱻӣټԽеԽߣҲûôߵ¶ȡ˻ܲˡҾãλżʱȥݣЩȿǰս۶ȥ֮иõĶԲߡײӣҪʱ˧ʿ໥ĥϡ
ƽǵһβۣûʲôȨ֮ǰһ˴һСӱ߱߼ǣֳϣСӾͷ˴á
ƽɲ飬ǶȼСϣˣȥ̡
⣬˵ʲôвġ
Ŀڼǰĵͼϣʵ⼸նڿݸͼ˵֮𣿡
Ҳǣеȥ٣ȿͼϤϤΣݴӪٿɳ̣Щ뷨
ͷ̻ûʼ򣬾޷Ԥսʵ仰ȷʵеûӡⲻܹδڵ彻
֮ʣҪӶʱڰѾ׳Ӷɳ̣ţ˭ţЩ˭ôʱڣӦó꣬ƫƫʱˡһ׼ûС
û׼ȴѾ׼ͷǣģû뵽ǣ徹ȻôľģҪֱȡ
˵ҲЦһ尲һ֣û뵽Ȼ峯ЩȨı֮ˡ
£̫ӻ߽ͻȨû뵽ǵûڳ֮ϣҪվȽŸûбȨҪ顢ø£ֻҪ߹ΣڣֶٸߣҪǣűߡ
˿˫ַϥϣ۾©һ˿ɱ⡣
̻ûʼȻûôҪ飬¼ֵϣл˵
֮󣬼ŵƱҲ˼֣ŵĿ䣬ԼһŲŲڳλã鿿㡣
ߵĳ齱һ̣мɰգ
˼ƳΪϸӦǰ̻ûʼ˵мʤ㣬ֻģñַϰЩڱϸѾ͸ڶָƣ֮´󻼡˵ʲô˼𣿡
û취֮󣬶޽ãֻǿŹż.ͦſסΧ졣Ȼµ߸ȨͲһֱǻ붫ԣҵǻҿסԣҲֻңֻҪоһоϰ߼ɡЩͷۣ֪ߵı׶ˣȲҪһЩˡоõսҲǷӣÿ𣿡
⡭Ҳ֪ôǶǴн˧˽ͣϢϡ
˵ܲãҪսĿС
سսָӡ׷սԼӰɡ˭Ϊһ¹󣬼Ȼ˼Ӧøᡣ
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һսݹǡ
ҿˡ˵űҪչȥ, ʶرܿ
Ȼǳ;ЩˣҴȥܻᡣ
ʹ˽, 㻹¸ö˲ɣü
˵ǵģҲںͺá, Ѳ, û˽飿
ÿε˵ȥ, һѣȥգҴһʱ䳤ˣҪܾνǻϲŵʦšһǱܿЩ͵ȡ˵, ھӪ, ˡ
ֱŤ, ҲǿֻЦӻ˾, Լ¸㶼ɡ
Ҫץס˳ư˴Լ, ǰϵĵͼ, ûȥҲûȥݵͼʮǰݽڶʹ, ʮδ, мֿŶȻδ֪㶢ͼü, ɿʲô
ĿҲŵͼϣݳǣҳȥһܰա飬ҪԼһһȷϹ֪ʵݳΧθӣƽԭɽأݳǸһ򵱹ĪءоûɻΪʲô·ô࣬ƫƫѡһѽ붫긹ص·ߣӱߵ˺ѿڣ𣿵ͼҿǿݳǻʲôʤ㡣
ָһݳǵϿȴҾ취Էûκ·
ͼͱ죬ֻǳ֮ǰҪ׼̫࣬ϸ롣
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ȷʵӵͼϿȣǽݳǵΨһͨر޻ءЩľǱҲֻҲԼľʦзĵطӦܿǣôѡ·ǰأ
һƽҲΡȥɽɽΪӪǼܿڴӪﲼȼĸɲݲϴȥҲô˳
նµİҮڱʮĴ󽫣ڰҮϵĶ꽫ʿûһҲаǧñթ붫Ӹ档͵Ϯɹ鶼ûаտԴӰҮ߹ʮСеĽԳܵġսϣҮ˫һȥ߷ҮĵӲסҪ˵е˫ˡ
ҮڱݣĽ죬ǺٽӴ
ӶƳǣǶľӣ뵽Żļʵ
Ƶ̫ˣǰսûпԷ˭ȵۿʼͷѳ̾ڱɳĮȫɳأֻܳݣֻһɽء֮ǰ͵ϮȥɽӪʱ򣬰ȥɽ˻ƶ񤣬ֻܿΪʱ岿ţʱʱ岿Ӱ̫ǲôġ
Ƕģ˼ܾ費ԡ
ֻǰѽ͵˴Уĸ£ʵڲƲ⡣
ƽж٣ʡ
ȻҡͷŶ֧Ԯϸ㲻뿪Ӫ׷ս׷ڿ˵һ֪
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û뵽Ҳһһ̡
ۡЦˡ
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һΪս޵УĿЦţԭҲ㲻ʱ򰡣Ȼ㲻ôҸȥң
ҪǺѡʱҲ²ߣսʵµĴ㣬ҵĽֻǡµʱϡЩűֻضѣûгԣʵϢʱǴһֻ̣ɳΪһֻҰǣʱ߾ʦӶ˵µʱôܴ᣿ųļĳʮ꣬սϢͣҲǽ顣ż깦˵ļҲαٳµĿ־塭Ҫ˵̲ҲաȿոȤ
˷ܣֲȻ˵ļ硪һֱԼǿҵθУǱʶȻĬĬŵȨıУĵطսսʱ򣬾ͻĪ˷뼤Ļڲ
ǱʶѾܾòˣ§ƺһǿס
鰴סߵҪҪҪô
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ܿݹǣſĳ
βԼĸĸֳȴܿѪܵԼ
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ʯľ뼾Լȥݳǵ
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ұҵ׶ţƤףһ·ŵУѾȵôˡ
Ϣǰսսݾڡ
ϢϢѾ̽ƺƴ󣬾߱ݳڵı֮࣬ݳڵıҲ˧붫긹صӶ
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鵽˴ӪеڶʹӪӭӡ
Ѵ˽ɣǧ˽봢Ӫ
дӪȱ΢ǿ㣬ҲֻǿڻʳϡΪеطģˣʳǲƷȱǿϲ١
ʱӪ֧Ŵʡнڶʹ˰˶ӪﰲźãԼһˣ˴¹
ĹľͷģƽʱͷϢĵط򴢱ӵнͷٶλŴУһȦӡ
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һƬ鲻ϢһѰѷɵĿһƬһƬѹÿ˵ϡ
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һϳһѽ֣ԼС
ʶؽס˽ȴ֪˾ΪΡ
ۣʤҰУұʤˣһܷ
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̸100ˣǰɣɶ~ҸĵͷƤ飬ء


290 ̽ 
һȦ
¹, ĿɨһȦЩΧ۵±ɢˡ
Ƭ̣鸺ؼʮ, ٲϢѾӪ
ѵ꣬У, ȥԼϵĺ, һ·ѻ·ݸ, ȥ˼
û𣬱ߵʱԵƣĵϴڻһˣת, Ѿٲ, ɾѡ
ż⼸оζ, ϴʱ򣬻ᾡϴɾ
תס, ͷ૵˯ᡣʱ
ˣϢķҡ

û£۾˯ҿѾ, ȥУ˺üȦˡ
Ҫ, ֲá˹˵, Խ˵Խ˯š
˵, Զ֡
ֲʵڼŲ, Ϊ˲пɳ֮סû˻Ӧһʵˡ
ûӦӷһҪ˵ס˵˲˵ġ
˵˻ֻʣ̫ҧסࡣ
üôҧȥ۾ʾ鰮СƢ˾һ
ȥȦĿⲻϣˮ࿴һۣͻᱻס
˵˯ġˣסĶͷǳѲɷˣ
Ŀ⣬һۣһۡ
ҪԼȡ
۵ֱ
ᣬǳֹ
ӣ
۵ذڻûûˡ
ӵ̧ͷʣҺûðɣ
˯ᡣ
㲻Ұɣ׷һ䡣
۽ǣġ
Ұ㡭˵ű㶯֣⧲㡭㡣
Ҳۣգգ۾
㡭ɲҼǿ
ʣʲôо
鲻ûо˵
ûо
ΪѹסĴһֻһƬȡ
һ㡭һԺʲô
㣡ԻҪ죬ϻȣһץסˡ
һֽ˼
ֲɾûˣһûˡ
˯գа̾ôôÿ컹δȥձߺţϵᡣ
ܵĽӴԼȫһϵĸоá
ŬӦռһУ᲻ñٿ
ǰţڼǰţУ˶࣬¸סν⡣
УӴ˶ࡣǰϲ֣ϰˡһվҲһȻ֮˿
޽ķҪǧҲҪٲٶԼƮ콣Ҫӯϵ翽õĶɾ˸գҪԼ
Űʦվһ
˶ˡ
֪ݵˣֻ뼾ӴʱԾ˿һλ֪ݲһ˿һ
ۿʱ䵽磬УѾŷﻹûЩزסˡô˯һ绹ûѣ
򶫿֣ʵҪҪȥӽѣ
ֵˣûѡ
ؿڴϰĽţ㣬ɱﶼζߣϵСһᣬ鲻ȥţԼ͸ϸϸزһ飬һҵ
ڷ𣿡һ䡣
ͷȻѾˣæɡ
˱һרŸҩϲҩ֪ȣ᲻ֶȣʱ˳ԸĨ˲˵Ҫ˯һ硣
ҩʹúܡ
ھӪﷹÿٳ뷹ò֪˧ţסûк󷽲ҪһЩ쿸ŷ÷Ѿ˴롣
ԷʱͽϢǰ̽ս
һ򲻿еϢҪ鱨Ҳ
Ȼû˵Ϭİսְֵ
Ҫ˧ȥ̵ģĵ
󷽣ÿһʱ̽սĵ
ϢõϢҪ֮ܽõϢƶһսԣŻ˵
ԾӪΪӪǰսˣſû͵ⳡδ֪ȫλ׼ȥ
һȦɣӺöˣԸһȥ˵ЩطҪȥȷϡ
սǰ̽ΣҲһʦ޿Ρ
ϸڣҪȥ֮󣬲֪ҪβЩ±棬űԵøҪ
ţͷ˵ҲҪȥ
꣬þ˲죺ȥѲӪ׼׼һʱ֮ǳ
*
ɱݳǱլˡصҪ߱常Ҫ常óùϵڳϺúòһ
ʦүд״ŵʱʦүŹѾգʣµԼҲɽһ£Ϣת˺üȦź֪ԼѾȫû˺̨һ֮¾˹ȥˣʲôʱ꣬ʲôʱٻشӪʲô͸ʲôɣ˲Ҳڣʱ׷Ҳ׷ϡ
һֱϱƽսºܿ𡣾ӪսԽԽǡȵ֮󣬶ѾܾöûôһĶǵսˡ
ųŰ֮ã˭ⳡս˭Ǿ¹ǲ飬ȴбɹеΨһᡣ
ѲеĳıطҪȣﴺղ¹һµ꣬±ߣܲˡ
߹УͷѾĺ
鳤ðףֻǳ±ɹƤһСɫô˼£⼸±ЩȺУѵ±棬Ǻۡ
ѲûɣߵĿġ±ֻ֪˧ǻӣڱ֮ã˻ӳüӢ信УϿôŹȻ̲ס࿴ۡ
ֲ֣š
濴У϶±۾ȫĽ
鿴һŲ˵ҴӦһսϳ
£һ˾
ڣս΢ƽһЩһᰲšڴ֮ǰǵ۾Ҫεضǰߵһһһʱʱǰ߽ʿͼһΣǾҪȥһ飬ܲս˵㡣
ǣЩֻҪлսС
εҡҡͷȥǣ֪ͨҳӪ
˷ֿжȥҳƽ˵ҪԿΡ
ƽģҪһ˸ȥ
֣˸ţ˴¡һ£ȷʵҪ㡣
ƽɻߣ˵ЩʲôƽȭӦǡ
ż˾Ӫе˳֮⣬֡䡣
ݳǣ˲Ŵϡ
ݳǵĵθӣֻڵͼϱʶӡ
оݳǵθӵģҪۿݳǵĳţһ©״ɽխڳŴ⡣ǿɽ޽ĳšɽȫڵɽң絶һ㣬ұڸߴͷȥɫһֱ̺ۣΧȫͱڸûκβ֮ءǶ۶һֱκµ˼
վݳţһ򵱹Ī
Ϊʲô岻ѡߣҪѡѴĵط
ǰ߿ͷʻļ
ͷС
©ʽɽţǰʮؾһƬ֣ƲзҲЩԵĵڵͼ϶бʶ
һ¡ſƬռж
ȣ鲻ͷɹţ֣ڣżа߲©£ϡû취УֻܻСǰʱûʱɢڳˣսǰʱ䡣
òܼǻݹٸϽȻв͵͵͵ȥʮ͵͵ƬѾûյĿȡ
һĬĲһĬƬӽʮǰС˶١
ԽݳԽԶԽϡ衣

һݳǲһĵطͣǰȫ׮أѾ㲻һƬˡ
Ҳû뵽Ƭֻᱻ͵ȥô࣬̾ӳݳǰƬӻ֮⣬ΧľӦö͵ľ߿ûˡ
ûڶʹĬҲ⸱ģѹ»һžµͼٳٲϻƣԭ³͢׷ƬֵΡ
ȥͷָָ෴ķ
ööܹȥӵһͷ࣬ʮ䣬ƬмĶصĻ֣Ȼֻʣ⼸ʮĶ
óͼڵͼ»˸š
޸˵ͼǰߣݳ⼸ʮĵطˮȥˮʮ֮ûиĵ
֮ûԶǴɽ룬ɽ֮ϱǲ񷡣ʮʱ䣬ûеɽ벻б仯
ʱ䣬ȥӦŵʱˡ
ջʱٳ
̧һ۲Զɽ֣˼ͷ
תͷһ˷׷׸һߡû߼Ϳ˱ʡϲݴеʯƺ裬һһѾѶڵϣ˺¡ɽ鱩
ӣоӣ򶫷ſƬȻӰڷɿǱƽ
ץˡޣƳʹƼһ㡰ಡһ¾ʹ˳ȥ
ץףͷȥЩϴƤףͷϴԲññ鷽εĲܵٶȣ·ڡ
壡֣򣬴óһֻѣߣݡԣһըͬʱеֻѿʼðɫһڿһĻ
һֱݳĲϢt̨ϵ˿ɫųȥ׷ڵطš
ȫ֣жˣץŬԼȥ
鳶ͷɽַȥ
ں棬£ȥɽ֣һɽǱǾ׶༪١
óͼݳ滷ɽôܣҪɽ֡
ߵɽܣȰǵĶж˵ָ̫µķ
óɽأҲ׷Ųš
ܿϢӥ׷˼һˣϢӥˣóѵӥѣһ
Щӥõָ׷ױ任Ƹ£岿ӶȥڲԭóҲǰӥѵӥطӥӲɾþȣҲ׷׽⿪Լӥֱӭ˲Ϣӥӡ
ӥǾһ𣬲ûӰ׷ٶȡ
Ͳֻܱһ·ۡ
ٴλͷܵþ빻Զ岿˶˳һ£ֻмˡӦǲӣ̽εģ֪ôǣʱ⡣
Ŀ׷ǲӡһֱ֣ȥ
Ǹת䣬ȻӰٶȡǲۿ׷ƨɺ档
ʵϾûʲôҩ
ص̫ܵ죬һھ͹ȥˡûʲôЧ
ѾϽ֣Ʈ콣ƣһĨȥһ˴ȥܲһ̤ؿڣһѪ磬²ȣһصϡ
еǲӲûΪһ˵ˤͣ׷Ĳޣ顣
Ϧ£ĺôϢȺ׷ϣ˶ȾѪɫ
׷ںﺰסǣǻسǣ
ǰ׷״𹭼׼ǰܵƥ
ಡҼ룬ִһԾһϼʣƮ콣һƬĺ⣬еļʸ۶ϣϣ£ס䣬񱼡
û뵽˲߸ȻôѲٴ֮ʱֻһƿյಡһ׹⣬ûǰؿڣ˱ǿײȥ
̧ѰҼʸҵ֮𾪣
ʶǰѹǶ꿪ʵǬʱõĿɽǰѹӵĴ˵УֻҪǬǸʱûκһ˿ӳֻ׷
ǰѹһı£Ǹʵһޣ
δӳ־룬ÿһޱǿǰ׷ȫ䷭ڵأ׷˲òƹЩƥ׷
ɾһƵĹһˣѾӳ幭̡
ԼڶϮ
ͣҪ׷𣿣ͼǻоȣǵǰ첽ͣǵ̽Σ׷ɱ˵ģ


291 Ȧ 
Ϊʲôǰͨ
˦һ, ݺݵ˵ǿǿɽʵǬùĹõѹˣһǶ壡ץǸˣά޶ţ򣡰ͼΪ, ǲԭӢۣһʬ, ڣѵ, ܷ
ǰһƬ֣, ǽ֣ٶһǸʱ򣬾Χǵʱ
ûע⣬γȻ˿ɽѹȵǬµʱõĹ, ΪǬѹֿѹȻ
һᡣ, Ƿſ, Ǳϡ裬ήǵٶȡǿϵĿɽ, һ׷ΪʲôҪѹ
Ӽָӣûֵ֣ΧϮҲûлشĻ
ʱ֮ϣһֻӥ׷˼, Ϣӥ, ǰӥ
ֻӥҲǰӥ
ֻӥ׷˼˵ղǳս, ǲϢӥǻʤӥ۾, ǲӥ, ǿǰ·
ǵӥ𣿡ͷֻӥ
ǣǲӵӥȫû
ͷ˵͵תͷСƬֻǴܲ
ֵĽһֱţҲһֱԼâϡ
ЩϳǣóľҲж硣ܿԾӰǲƬ̾ƽ롣
ף֪ôĿʲô
֣ڰԼ͵
˵ã֮Ƭ̹ͰΧ
ǲõΧƥתоŵߺʲôһ˲Ų̫Ķ껰ܰܰ
Ӳ໰âϼ⣬һϮǸˣ˻δӳѾԵȥɣ˻ص˼ࡣ
û뵽ſɽôǿЩһֱ岿дԵġ
һ˱ǼΧסûһ˿һصӡ
ӣĸӳֽӿϰ֮ˡ
ŮȻûĿһֱضΧˡǱűӻм䡣
ͺܿͿߣм֣
һ£ܿͶǷλεĵ
ȳЩȻ󣬳ȴû·עĽ
˵Ľ¹һôֵĽһƮ졣齣ӲֱֱݳȥѪֽƫһ֪ɫӰѪӿ
ûûʽˣֻһһ嵶Ӳƴ
õǳޣ廹δǰѾһ޳ڵϣֻƬ˾ѪǽϵĵһɣеĶ˶Ѫ
ַȫ룬˦ȥѨ˶ã̱һ㡣
û뵽˾Ȼʿֻգ۹Ѿʮˡѹûη֮ɫ
Ҳ赲Ҫץסǵľġ
һһ򲻹Ǿһϣ
;תƻһסĵһ߿ˣһƤ׶һȭ˴ڵء
ֲһָһ㣬ж˵ĵصʱһڵϣಡһûһؿڡнȻΧĵϵСʯ˲ɷĩԵ޹ʵسһ
翽һʽƣ
乭¶ףŵֱƮ콣ʳָָ£翽ֱ⣬ǰѽ·õ˸üӲޱȡþὣɨȥڿһѪɫİ뻡ΧʯӷĩǵѪɫĹһɢϣ˶ƿһѪѪӿ
һȦ֮˶һıˣǽﱾʹʯЩ˳սϣûмϵĽ˦һⲻ㣬е볰ЦûüЦѾǵˣϷʽš
ִ˵·ϵĻҳĿȻضŲͣѾЩУǷʩˡ
ֻǶġ
õǽûмýͿˣɵĴɻ䣬һʱҲ
ĿǱߣֵĿһֱڲϣ㰲ڼǰȥˡ
ҲһֱڶʶսеǵǲԭĶɣζս
ֽһ㣬һԾϣ֦ɣƣһֱ֮УΡ
һżɵӵϣһҲ࣬ڵϻһƬ򣬲˿Ƥ׸סͬƤĽơ
˵ÿմӺһᵶż£ذסԼ֣ʱ׼֪бԼİ취ޣҲڼǰὣѵ޴ѹһֻȲâڵԼãһâ԰ѵ˻ȥ
ͬʱ޷һǿϮ£ֱͶȥͷӦ죬ᵶ͵ֽڵ˼ĻȡȻȥӰһ㣬ش
ʹδ˽ս϶ֱֱĿңûˣƬָǸṩõıӻһвû֮УѰӰѾãеĵ޴֪˵أ
죬һ˲˻棬һ˲ѾӱϮͻӵֱӲסĵͣĶһŵڵϣû֮С
Ϧֻʣ棬ɫԽԽֵӰԽԽƮ
ÿλӵǻӿգɵôŭɬĶ껰Сˣб³һսҪηηβ
ڡһǰ˲һ⿪Ѫ˴ȥǸɫӰȻ£֮ϣָָֽأѪ䡣
ֻ谵ĻУ۾ûãִóһɴס۾κˣֻ֪Է
ˣսʱ۾ֱˡ
Ϊε͵ϮѪӿڿס˫ۣŭģ͸û·
ֶ΢תԾѵ˷İڿһɫѩȻţƮ콣ɣӲڵת˱飬뵶Ľڶ˵ĵ𿪣漴ǡһ۶ϣ
ֽ²ɣıз򲽺͡׼̧־һѹֵĽƣһŵеԭⲻĻ˲ֻͣԼеĵһɾ޴̧𣬵㱻ɡ֮ʣֵĽһߣ˲͵ĵؿڶȥ
ʹ󺧣һ̣˳һ̧סֵĽС
üѽƽһѹֱڲ͵ĵϣһǿɽţֱҵѪֲͷ£㿪ֵĽ档
͹Χƥȫˣ׷ȥ
ĵΪֲֿòŵٴԾڣߣ̫ࡣѶ̫󡣡
ۿ˽˶Уһۼĺգص޷
棬˱˵ܣѾʶЩ˵ı£ǸÿɽģǸģǸö޵ģǸĸʿ
Ŀһ࣬˵ȻͣɵһһʽӲԣĸˣһа١
ԳΪͻƿڣ
һ죬˵ˣ
ӿǱߣԽԽ࣬û޹Ҳûڹķÿһõʮ˺ս֮£Ǻܿ¶ƣ̬
顢֡ꡢ˽ԱסѲ©˲͵˼ǰ£ֱüġûκηֶΣֻһֱȥһ׹첲һѪۣһŰüġ
Ѿмܲס಻عϣֱϸˡۿһ£һһţ̧־Ͱ˻ͺʲô𣿡
ŴӸղžлع̧סϮĵ档
򶫾Ž¼ûڷòˣ˼ϡ
ֻƵֻС
߱ҪżҪ½졣еѾ꣬Ǳ˦޽ԽԽѾӦĽ࣬еϮ֮дɵģҲͷȥˡ
Ƭ˿ԽӽԽԽС޿ˡ
ۿѾꡣ
ʬ壬ѪѾǽµȾ죬һţѪ
ɫȫͼΧİ˶ٻĴץ˽ǽ䱸ȴΪۿ֡
ˡˡˡˡˡ
Ȼսģ˻ӭϮս
һɨǰ˫˫ءѽ˦һѪۡӳأһƬƤ⡣һ֣һ˷
ƬֺܿͱѰΧΧء
ԮǶԮǵԺţʱӴңҪתͷ֣ܳɫڰûӥָ·ֻײϣš
ۿŶԾƷƬ֣һӷ²ΧһΧһһƷһ˿ڣڵϣڴ
ÿ϶ѪܣּǴѪ¡
鿿ƣִϣסΡâɫĽѾȾ˺ɫһѪ˸ɾֶ翽ϵѪôȥ
£ƽȺ˳ΪѪ˵飬д󺧣æ£ˣ𷣣
ȳһѪѪ˳ĳƽļûٶ˵ֱֱߵǰվţͱ˰ţڵϣʵ֪Լ޽һҲη壬ݺݵص飬ɬĶ껰˵Ҫɱɱ
ۣü޳̧մѪ֣ߵѪģմӵޣޡѪֲ̡
һƥ鿪ڣ˶һ㶡
һɻ飬ȥǴҶػݳǣ޻أ
㣡վκذסû취ŭӣǲԭẦǶ꣡
ЦʲôʱԳǲԭ֮ǵҲʼѿ֮ˣֻҪǴҽݳǣҾͶһ⣡ˣ
ѹŲ͵໥һۣվĳƽ˻֣ʾǷˣ֣һ
͵ɣվСȥó˻ѰΧյĻǽͷһƥڵͷԲݡ
ͼȷʵҪ飬㣡
ӣ顣黺
֣һӡһö껰ȭڣȻ˦ȥ
ɨһ۱²ǲӣӪ
ҹû¹⣬ڰУһҰΨһ
һڷŵĶսＸľϮûСƽֻϵ˿Ѫ֪Ƕôա
ƽʰսˣɱһʮˣö괢²˶ٰʮԼİٶƥս
һ˵ڳƽ󡣳ƽ֪ʲô΢٣һϣ𲻸ˣʲôʧ
һˣǶһɹ죬ڣҲܻżȫ
³Ӫ֪̽Ӫϸƽ̧ǰе飬ڳӪ֮ǰһǾ˶žӪˣûβǽݳǣϢ
ȻݳϹʱ򣬾ӪһϢʧһ·βڳҹ䣬ǳ֮󣬲ŷӥ
̫ˣѾܾûоôյսˡ
¾̫ͻȻ̫ðգԼ¡֪ƽʲôʱܴԮΧЩˣҲ֪ܲܿǲһһֵĽ֪ô˵Ĺ£ܻܲüȫ
ڣƽò
ÿɽΪӪϸ΢һ룬Ͱ߸
ΪʲôִҪǣΪʲô׷սҪԼĿɽΪʲô֪һᱻ׷ϣҪ
ץıѪ͸䣬ȫԹΪʲôǰͨڴսǰôðյ飿


292  
һ˸ɾ
Ǹ, Ҳʱġû뵽ǲѾм˵ݳ⣬ǰڱǵǲӶʮ, ΪˣƾǵıҲȫˡ벻, ǲᶯֵġֻն㹻, ǲץץˡ
ſɽͨ籨ŵ֪˭˷²ӵն, 漴ľ֡ǣǸϸ㹻ʱ䣬óƽץˡһҪ֣ΪԮʱ޴, ֻǵͷ, ô֪Ѷˡһʼ;һ, Ǵͳģ
Ѫζ, ȴ¸˸飺ǡ
ҪǲϢӥûӮǳսǵġۡҪסǣִ󵨵ġ˺뷨סˡ
ոôˣû취ԸǡۡġЦ, 㡣
㣡һ, üë΢΢Цⲻ
ԼʵѪ, æˣ
Ƥˡ, ϵѪ, Сˡ
תȥٿҲ˵
ûѾǿˣû˵ʲô
һ˻صӪѾӽʱѼϱ˴ˮԻӪϴ
صԼ滻ֵأ·
⸱ģǰ·ʱ򣬿ֶ˼˺ۡһ߹ǣһ¾۵ֱ졣
ϼ״ȥ¹
˻һۣ¹֪ò
۾빫һ˯Ļӳ綼Ҫ֪ģס
㣡ϣκֱۡؿڡ󱳶ˣһͻۡ
Ϲ˵ʲôʵһһţȥ¹
鲻ˣΪҲ˵
ôŲ£綼֪
ȥ⣬ֻûл·棬߹ȥȭСӣˣǱ߿Ҫ¹һˡ
ֹÿľ֪ϰ˼ͷʾ֪ˡ
ȴһͰˮĨѪϴ˿Χøɾ¹ˡ
Ӳɾ¡
Ѿһ·ڴ齱ߣ
ȥ·俴˿崦˿ڲҪˣ̫ˡ
Ұ˿ڡóҩ˿Χ֪
лЦţҽʲôУ඼Щ
ԣûзӦ֪ҩˣ㿪ʼϣ˵նӦ֪һи׼
ûʱﻮˣұ뾡ҵӪϸȻǺսֻǳѡ
ףȻ֪оһףɾֻ֪Ҫıľ֣ûյʱϣӦ˱Ƴϸİ취ҲƤ֮ˡ
Ůӣ̧̫ܲΪӣҲԼĽϡҺܸлվ󷽣ҴδսȫȨ
˵⻰ʱǶޱȵأǸۻ˱ѪսأΪȻԼȥ
һȴԸΪԼġ
ǿԣ뵥ԼӮⳡȷս
䲻ӣȻôִŵΪΪ˵ϣֻǾ˿һҸܱһ޿ǿ
˿ڷü죬ϲɴҩҩƿȥˡ
ˡ鿴ȥһµľѵشϣͳ
̧ӣϣ
ֿ΢΢ףҲù𣿡
ҸһȥûлشֻתΣҪߡ
޿κεظϣߣҪͣ¡
ץ󣬶ǺèȻػص
֪ϸΪ򿪳ŵʱоݴӪϸĿж
һֱǵΪʲô׽ߣתݳŵĶߣʱ˼鼸ͬʱóۡö߸׽ΪڶӦ԰ǴӮⳡս
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ǵս벻̫һǴûģľжû˾Խء
;ûӶᣬֻ֮ɱפر֤󷽲żӱ¡żڸʱ䡣
Ҫݴûи˧ĥϺõʱͿս
ȻƲ⣬Ͳ²ܣϸץⳡ̻ûʼһ롣
˿ھӪʳֽţ鱨ڲ͵ЩѰԮɹʶ
ĸǶܲĺ
ֻץֻ󡱵ĳѹ̫ѹԼλʦ൱Ҫͳݳһ㣬ǲ޷Ҫɱס
ֻ󡱼ȻѾðͷΧǣȻҪһȥֻʲôͷ
ҹѾˣڱε̽˰ͷ¹У֮ϣż鲢С
ѵɫأӱΧ¿ʼϵûиóһֽݸ飺ԵĶ
һ㶣ü֮˲ɢȥ˲٣ӹֽǿ顣ϲǣԹһٷ֮󣬾ûлʳսϣлԶԸԵ㡣οھӪѵõĶ
óһ˳ְֽݸ֡Ҳļ󣬱Ҳƴǣһ飬ʣµƻ顣
ֵ֪˼ֽãݸϣպá
ݴӪﲢûרŹѺ²ĵطǱʧأͲƽЩķ²ȫУߵֵ˾ҽȥˡץǸϸǱѺһ䷿
͵ֵż飬ǽݡ
ȥſ񳿸ڴֱ˫ۣҧŲ˱鲼Ȧϣá
żȥ鿴ˣһֲõԤСѹ߶ߣҪݳǣϸݳǴӪѾ쵽ܽͷλãݽڶʹǰӹݴӪѾвϸˡ꣬忴СС֣ʵѾԼ˼·ûѡӲӲѡַʽöӴڲ߽⡣
ǰ¼һӰ죬źѱԶԹڰаƾƻ
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˼ʱѾ߹ȥ⿪ֵ۾ϵĲֿ뼾һվȻ˵ȫ
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鿴ⷬľ̲ס¶֮ɫÿһս۶Ǿ㣬Ǩ֮·ƽơ㲻ڱݴӪҲǹ·ͨ
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ϵĶǱʲôһĳŵ
ΣԳƽ˿ͷӲԵͷ²˵̣Ҫˡﶢţ顭ⲻҪй¶֣Ҫͬлɳˡ
ƽȭǡ
ŵʱ򣬾Ͱֵľݸ˼
ϸؿһ飬Ѿƻصֵľ˼Ž֮У˹ȥʵʲô
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˵еϢ᲻ȲϢࣿĿ顣
ü仰סˣֿЩһֱӪֿ֪Ϣжûʹ
񣬾ֿ֪֪֮١
˳дһţǰæһ飿С顣
ͷЩŵģЦˣѺеӸ㣬áñãҡ
飬ȣ棬˫ַļ򣬵ͷһ㶼Դף
§̧ͷ°ǣ˲еʹ۽ǣκһӶ࿴һۣҶҪˡοǾȹˡ
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Ժһһֱ㳶һƬ˶ˡôţӺ汧ıӣһֱĶϡ
ĵԼĶӣʵкӣҪлŮ
۾§øˣȵıϢĲǴţáҶϲŮǣȫ
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˶첲֣ۣ黹šִ˴ûȥ٣
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Цظһȭ
ˣҴˣץס֣򣬱ء
ʱб
л˵
飺˵úãȥʮȦ
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293  
ⶫûĪķ̡
治ͷʵ𣿡
æ·, صɣ
ְ϶ҩѾ·ǰ, Ǹոհ´á
ҩϣû˵, ұġȻóһСƿ, ϣҩԼͿ
תÿӳȥˡ
Ҳֲ, ƽ޹ʶ˼Ա׷ɱա俴ɫѿˡ
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ţǱϢִǰ㱨ݳǺйµڻ¡
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Ϲȭڵϣȼʻ
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ŵľ֮󣿡ӹӣż
ͷ
򿪲ӣֻдţԭϳǣǶï֮ӡ
ּǶ꿪Ԫѫڴ¡ǰ¼ïڳűұּӢȫںС
ï˽ӣΪ˱ӣӪ֮ǰĸա
ïַڱӪĥΪĸ׵λܽµּãսսºպս
Բ֮ǰ뼾ľ
ףֵ򦣬ʵֻʲô𣿡
Ϲش𣺡عӵĻֵĸȥӪ֮ǰѾֽӵֻΪַ˵ķԣûнӽڱԺּ֮ţֵĸҲ֪ˣǲ²ˣΪЩֲûнӴĸס
üǣ޹֮ˣ޷ҡ飬Ѿ˲ӣüּ֮˼֡
óϧţ֡
ǰҲδؿϡ
ǳ¶˭˵Կ̹ġ
ڹȥѰЩҴľ֮ҲȰˡǸǮƣǰҵ࣬ǶںҪˣνѾٸųκιϵ
еˣܽܡԼݡ
ȻǾ֮󣬿ֽûаϻؼңּҵļ֮ϡ
Ȼû˵ձú΢
Ϲ״ǹûʲôʣұȻȥˡ
ŶعϹһˡ
ϹǷⶼӦģ£дҡ£ֻҪҾͻ߾ȫ﹫ӡ
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鲻֪«ʲôҩȴҲû룬Լȣվ
Уֵſǳڿأ뼾ӭȥ£ӡ
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ɻصء
ɰƿ뼾ȥ
ƽԲ̣ڽλֵҲȥ࣬ءȻϣסֽţֻϲ̫ÿһһѪӡƽһޣҪ죬תȥǷ˵һߡ
˵ʲôʵ
ƽʲôû˵
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ߵǰʵȻбµ壬Ӧб³еɣ
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鱧֣ʵȻïֽĶӣΪҪ壿
ٿ̧ͷ۾Ǿ֣Щı֮Ҳ˱䣬ڵӵĶӡּϣûҵ֡
Ȼû֣ΪʲôҪͶ壿Ϊͨ籨λʦɥݳǣһ¶ּҺܻܿΪ£Ӵﳷ
˵ף΢ȻôĿģ૵ѲɣּҳΪǧˣ
̧۾ź⣬ïּҸܸһ֣ͲӦãܸһ֣ͲӦңӣΪʲôսҪ͵ֿຮ֮أڱսһߣǶʯƾʲô
δƾԼսï㣬šһȻڣȻûΪսϾôߣ
ֶ˶죬һֱżվûش⡣
㣬ԣïΪڳ¼ּ֮󣬶Զ˷֮ģ֣˵Ӧúͷˮǣѵ֮ǰڱսϵľϷ˻㿳ɱԼ֮󣬼Ͷϻ㣿
üͷһԲ
㲻ï޵ïĶꡣΪҪջؾȨ˳ʱ䣬սպյľȫǳ֡ûеõïıӣھӪôô죿һһ仺³һѼ⵶ֻٿڳѪ޴ɲء
ĸײ˵ǰ飬ַ֪˲ĸٸԲŰ͵սսȡϵּͬǾţճȻҪκͿϼף㣬Ҫּͬ㣬ͱս֤ŵּҵѪּж뵨ʶ³ʵͿõּҵͬˣΪïѾĸ׽ӽѾ׼ϼ׵ˡŬô꣬ڿԽּҼˣɳ鱬ּѣꡢˣŶ򵨱Ͷ塣
˵ˡ
һţԼ¸ּϧ֡
˵ˡøˡ
Ϊʲôƫƫһ·鲻⣬л᲻κ
˵ˣһ˻ŬҪվ̫أֽŶãӱĴһΣ㣡ǣҺû취ڣǺøĸ˫޼ҿɹ飡ǱƵҶ˼ǻΪʲôҪϸҪѹʲôмҲйҶûˣЧĸ
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£
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죡
ָ̧һȭֱͷһᣬ˳³ȥѪѪ죬ЦţҪ飬ʳ
ʹģ̸У̸ˡ
ôŬ¼ԶڶϵһըֻҪǼûнľ֮ԶֹͣԼޡ
ϸ򿪳ŷ꣬һӣ
ְâϣ΢Ҫ֣ס䣺ȥǰҪʱȥ򡣡
ͷϵļ΢΢ҡͷû˵ʲôȥɿ¹ش
ظڣ
ֻ˧վɳǰţżȥʱ˧ɫ΢䣬ʶؿһ飬΢΢ס
Щ΢ԲˬһΪ鼸ÿҹЪЩ˧Żֿг顣
۵ĵ˺䲻Ҷһɴ۵Ƿһ񣺡ӡ
񣬲ȥֻɳ֮ϣݳǶ֮⣬ѾϵСԱ߱עС֣
΢ոܲɳ̿ãųʵ˭Ըȥһȷս
˧ǶԥرȭʾԼԸһȥʹȷ档
һʱУЩ˧㷢ֺ׳־嶼ǲ˲֮Ļ²ۣһǾ͸˷ܣ˶һʤģ
ǸҴһ¡
˧Ũʱ󣬵Ǵ͸ǿɤҩԼҪһЩ⡣
һֱ
е˧תɳ̶Ǹӣһɻ߲м
ڣѯʣΪʲôҪӭս
һʣֱӰѷָûˡ˧üо벻м
Ȼüǲʣصս֮ϣ˭Ӯȷսͻ߽ʿսʿ
֪۾飬ʵǣΪʲôҪӭս
ἾӾӦõһͷڹ꣬ܿȷսɣ˧ʼ͵Цд
⻰൱ڴڳ˧Ǳ;üûʲô£ж㣬ֻģһЩŰϲűԱ˵Ǿʦ˵г衣
Ȼг裬Ӧʵʵشھ棬ҪָֻŲǡ
սҪȥȷսֳʶԵ⣬ȻҪʲôҪȥӭս
ϣǵȷսݳǵʱˣȷս
鿴Ӧõǵһǣ
ͷ¼ûκ谭һ·УԷڰ֮Ӫû˵ûֵ̽˼ڱ꣬׷Ǵ˰꣬ѵô֪µñϰսȷսڽս˫˧²ŻսۣڶԷ֪سǽǰ£Ҫ̽ȷսˡֱԣ˧ǣе»
ս֪Է˧˭Ӫ˧ǿĹӶǵָֻš
ɨһȦ˧΢΢ȥ̧ͷЦһ֪˧ΣѵϹս壿˧֪֪ࣿ
㣡˧׷ȭҪȥʹO
仰ƣ˵ķŭ˼㡣
һվɳһ˧Щ˿鲻õ飬ʱ
λŭӵ˼ף͸λ̧˧ǰӵ˼ǣԷ֪һǰ죬ڱ˰꣬ԷԵָơԷûбҪǴһ̽ԵȷսѾǣ;Ӷʣľͷϣơǿ֮ʿǾģҷҪࡣⳡȷսǱƲɵѾսۣǳءһٶ˥ߡڲöԷҾʿʶһȷսȥӭҲա
ȥӭսѲɣҪǴ˧סˡ
˵ˣûоø˵ôѾĹ̡ȻЩ첻ûϹս鶼ûúö»Ҫȥ
ⶫûĪķ̡
˵ֻǶɳֻ̣Լ͵ݳһȻǵȵｨݳǣϣݳǳΪ¶һʢЩʿҲ˵ݳǵĴÿѵʱһ̵꣬ļ¡ûϹսϣͱľҪ࣬£ϣǾܵıͻسǣõѡǿݳɽµƣʤ档ǵȻҪսǲڡ
ʿԸڱһֱԾʦ壬ھĸߣսϵı˵ĻǺпϣ˶ýȥ
ͣӪԼķоûôʢˡ
³ĹӣΪϲΪһЩʵɡ


294 ս 
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, λѾˣȻλʦǲӭսǱسǵ׼ƽ
ƽǰһ, Ƿ¡
ȥһسʣȷ󷽲Ŀ, λȥԼ˧Ӫʿʿ, غιսǾøʿԵ, ֻҪǰҪǡ
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ΪҲ֪𣿡Ŀ
Ҫ֮ͷֻҪǿǻϿ㣬׷ġ
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Ҫӣԡⳡ̣Ҳ䡣
ȥǽˡŹͷĶͷϣ۾ȾһƬɫһ˸սȥں󷽺úôšţ
죬ڴڵش
ţһΡ
ץ½󣺡š
ٿؼְԼĴĴַɿãĿ
ѵüɵģЦóҶƶ˼ֹʣš
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ˣļȵʱ򣬻ʳ㣬ľʢҶųȵĿ΢΢ҡš
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յλεģͤĽǶ˱âڱ䣬տͤ˱ɫչб䣬ͤסһ룬һӰֱбͩɫĳϣг롣
°ԡΡϰûӰУӰʡ
ϣʱ΢΢һ¡ջɢĿ⣬ػش𣺡ţĸΪҵĻ£ˡ
Ĳɣ𲻶ʣҲټƽϣֻЦ˵ɣһ˻ҹһ𵽹Ѵϸڶ¡Ҳһҡ
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սԶĵطʬױأ·Զȣ˭Ҳô۵Ļһ£ᱻƸھӪﱻ۸ǸˡΪʵٳɼܲܴ򲻹ͷǰȻǱ۸Ҳû˹ܡ
ԶʬҪ˴˱Ҳٶ˵ػӻ֣ȥ
±ٲʻתȥϳԶսȥ
һȥûٿ±
Ǹ±Զˣսû˹עϳ¾ֻһ鲼ףٱݳƬ֡
ʱǸ±Ŵ֣Խɽ룬ֱɽ֮ʮﴦӪȥ
˻δӽӪڿеѾ±ͷϷĿУڴӪǰʮﴦÿһﶼʱt̨t̨ϵĽ˲Ӫǰˡ
ŽǴ죬Ųt̨Ӫﴫݡ
һᣬӪܳһһӵĹҵǸǰ±
Ӱ±ΧһȦЦ̳±֪Ӧÿ˭ҳһţŻҳš
ӵŻȥǲ˧ͣ۾˿ãŲ廰ϳǣ
±̧¶Լ廰صҡ
ϳݷͬСɣͲܵһ˱ǣһƥϳǣϳǷһӪ
ϳˣ岻һһǣôʵں⡣Ͷ壬ʵˣķõʱ򣬴ַŲЩڶĲ֡
ͳЩһֱ춫꣬ڱǻԼһܹƬصİЩһֱѼϢ
ϳ˰ǰͶʱ򣬴һͳԭҰľʰϳǴǳŶ佫ȫǳϢʱʤֶ˼֡
ڴ֮ǰɶ꿪ʵԨ죬սܵСŴ붫ӽҲʧء
Ǳ꿪ʵԨľӱƵ֮⣬ȹ걱֮Ƭԭ
ڶµۼλΪ̻Ȩɱ˾ȨĻᡣŴηȴ̵ֱĳǽ߲ɼᡣȻ꿪ʵǬѾްţľȻ
ľӾСս۵ĥѾСԹƵġ
Ǵһ㣬ı֡


296 Ⱥǻ 
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˰ʱͳһ˶С塣, ҲפرսٳɳΪһ¶ȡһɽ
꣬һҷ츲صı仯, ҲһıԶǵز߻һ¡飬ϳƾԼα, ڶڲ
Щ궫һһڴĿ̽½Се, Ӳ۾
ʮգյĺƷϹ߾ʦҡ
һд, ޽ս񲻿ɵĶѾûԨʱ׺ͷδڴļ彻֣ǳµĺûᡣƣ䲻⹥䲻
ͬʱϳҲϢ˵궫Ѿ׵ȹ, , ֱȡ궼ǡ
ݳǶһѡ, Ѿ˴ѡġԿסһԡ
һ, ʱ˺ͣƸ壬ûɹǰټӣӱ¡
һжô˳, ݳ, ʧأ;һ·Ϯ, ݳӪȻδŹϳ, µĹĿõġ
ɾݳǵʱ, ֮ƾݳȻֹפʮĹսǧҲǴʵû뵽ġ
ʹϳǽ˴ľʡ
ϳǻδ˾ѾԵ׳ʿѹڵء
һʯ£ô£֮ǰ˵õĲһֽ
ϳǱ˰ڵ϶ãŻɳƵػصб䣬鲻ˣа߾ʦӼ֮ǰͽǰǳΧɱΪ˵һ֣зץסңΪ˱˵ļƻҲ˵ǾͶ̣ҲŴݳӳ
΢У°ͣȥϳǵ·
Ȼϳϵ̵˺ۣ˺Ϊļȣŧˮ
ô˵ץ㣬ŵǹʮգʧأƺЩʱݳǾùµɡ
ǵġϳǿɤɳƣ޷˵
ʾſһˮȡ
ѹϳǵ֣ȡˮңݸϳǡ
ϳѾüûнʳˮˮ۾ֱ˲ˮҿڵĻɳӵϼԼ࣬˹ˡһŻһ
ϳ̧ͷƤϿߴĴ䣬ǲԭϵĴλǣҪ׳ࡣϳǹڴǰһǽΰڱϳеҰ
ļȣͷһűӣϰ¶ʵޱȵļ⡣Щһ飬ȻܿЩ¡𡣴Ҽһİ̺ۣǶ꿪ʵԨÿɽǧ˺ۡ
ʱŶʮͷԨѾ֪͡
ԭ֮ӣǴνս֮󣬾ҲԵ
ϳǵͷɫô˵ЩðһҪһȰݳж߾ʦӼ򣬲ٴˣһǵڲӦҲ޷ͨݳȻϣǸ͵ݳ£
һԲм֮ųѲ֮Ҳһų
ϳתͷ򲽺ͣͽҸųϢȥ׷飬Ϊû׷
ͱΪѻϳǲ֪ô𣬶ʱŭģһȭϳǵϡϳҲǳأȭһ෭㿪͵ץһɳ򲽺ͣû뵽ϳǻỹ֣޷ɳУ۾ϳǳûˣֱӰѲ˵ڵأϣ־һȭ
һȭʵֱӰѲҳѪ
ʹŭҪϳǽϳ֪Լûвʹ󣬲ӲգڲȻûʱ˳ȥ
ͷ۾ձɵСˣ
ϳ˫ȭţصթ
ͲҪϡ
ֹͣͰڴֻգȴȻģ֣Сˣ
ϳǶڱ򽻵ÿ࣬ƲˣΪǻǡֻǿߣϳӪأҲ¶ӣܱ򵹣Ϊһ£Զվڴߡ
뻹ֻ֣֣бķݡ
ϳת벽ͽһսҲˡСȴıȡʤͽңȴǶıԵ֮ǻûǿӵǿ࿹ǻۣ岻ܼǿݳˡڳ·ѹεĲƸ壬躹ޣȴʱ̫ѣתߣȷѡ񣡡
Ĭˡ
ʮչǲ£ڲѾԱʮĥͻߣΪӦŻѡͻӦ֣ӳӳ˱ȷʵ֮١幥ǣѾǴ׬ܣһֱս񣬿ɡ
Ұڴ붫궼ֻ֮ңݳǣǰһƽֱ£޷
ͼеĳĬҪ˵Ļ˧ֻһˣЩ齻սѾñϰ˸͸ǲˣڸ꼸ʱ䴭Ϣ˵Ľ죡ʱǹѶǸ󣿣
ѶȻݳǵ飬ײߵǹӼЩڶƽڹӼҴ˵սԣϳɫа˼˭뼾ıһϸ£
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˼ôһѣǶһеڶ
䲼óڶңֻ֮дţзӪѰаһдӳ顣
ģѽֽһ磬ڵϡ
˼ǰһֽʶֵ
ʮյļѹǣǧģϳΪ߱ڳӼаݳǣһһжڸߴһζʺټñӦѸٳأѰᡭ
Ҳֽɻʲôǽ𣿡ϳǣĿɭȻ
ϳŴ۾Ȼʶ仰ġѾݣ󷽲Ѿ׼꣬ս£Ȼ붫Ӻϴʱ
ߡߵıˣΪڶߡ߸򾫱ֻҪ֧Ԯļôֽʧıߡ
ݡʧأߵݡʧأڶߵӶԺᴩͼߡӻϣԶ걱γɰΧ֮ƣѱһ£
Ѿˣ߻ûаɶļ˵˧ŶӵľʦǺܻѾµӲ߶ߵĿġǶǣݳǣжսõǱǳֱֱָ궼ǣֻҪ嶫ߵ˼ñߵıͻǣӶ±ݡ
ö걱Ż󿪣öĶʱʱ̶̿¶Σ֮С
ڼѾץ˳ϳ뿪ݳǣͶ壬ݳڴϢͺˡҪ˵ֳΧɱ£պݴػϸҪǲˡ
սۣǲǱʵʵʵĶս
ϳǳĬãŵǴִҪҲʱڰ֮ڡ
ΪΣʵ
þӱ֪һǰѾոǰЩʱ붫Ͼϣ˫Ӷĥϣûĥ֮ǰϾ޷֧Ԯеʱƣ붫һӵ֧ԮеĵϳӴʱϾһսֻǼ䲻Ϊιսʱ䣬ܳ¡
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鹥̫ˣʮʱ䶼ûõΧҶ֪ǰʧ˽֣Ѿǿ֮ĩɼٲ򣬳Ÿһ껹ǲģôϢûУϾѾӣ˫ĥĬˡ
ϳǴӻͳһҪĶ긮õۡݸվŵ˼ڡ˼ת־ͰЩۡݸ˴
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ϳסԼߵָ࣬һڣϢǰִҪݳ𣿼飬ǹӼҲμƻ𣿡
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һߵҪ˵һ֮ʣڱսɱǵͬͬͷ­곯ֻ͢͡һѹ˸ֵţ޶꣬Ҳѣ
ͽϳǺη򲽺ͣȷʵˣҲǵѡǵĶ꣬ǰĿ֮ͬ߳Ϊսѡɰٴ˴аǵǣҲӦóǰݵӦҡȻ꣬ѲҪѶȫɱǰѶɱ⣬˭أ˭֣˭Ǵʳ㲻ΪֻƾǿӲʳͻӵﳤɣ
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ֽͣ˵ûǼȻԭӦ֮ǲ뵱ˣһߡµĿľΪ˸ı˿ԷˣΪ˸ıԸ⸶һС
ÿһԸΪ쵼ߣӦñ֮ΪӢۡ
ϳǾӢۣٴԼǣȻս
˼ǵ˵ͷҾֽԼǣ¾ѾûһơȻԭļƻʵʩӦôӳ顣
棬˼ߵ˼ǻ۵˲ӵ֡
˼ڸһͳڴзء¾˼ڶ˵û򣬴ӳĬˡ
֪ҡˣܲ˵صϥ£ǲʱ򳷱һ·£붫긹زסȥʮѾʧǧˣΧǳ׷սʧȥҵĺֵܰͼЩݳµѾ޷صԭǾҪǵļң
ϳü򲽺ͣͽӸղſʼսôԣ߹ȡͲףûӦϼѡȥ֪˶١ȥǧʿˣˣͲ𣿺֣ͽҲΪʲô£㻹սѲɣʲôɸ˵ĹϵҪȫݳǣ
㣡Ҫͨ죬С壬̷ôǶ߹
ǣΪʲôûɱ飿
ΪЩһոǿ
Ϊʲô˶ֻһ˻

Ϊʲô֮Ұ˵˼Ҳ޳ɼǵ㻹һŹǣ

ȥ˶ʲôô
ϳһ׷ʣʵòƿԡʵÿһ仰Ͷ޴ӽ͡ΪҲ֪֣Ϊʲôƫƫһ˻
ĿסˣϥеǰûУҸûκιϵҲ֪ΪʲôһӢһ֮ʣ
һѰѲʹӵû˻ɹҳϡ
վٶ˵һ䡣
ֳǣ֪ΪΪ֮Ҳ֪䲻ΪΪҲ֪䲻ΪΪ֮ʥҲ ԭһ仰˽һ¡
ֳ˵仰ʱѾ֪ľģ֪²ȥˣ޴ˣ֪²ˣܵˣ֪²Ŭȥʵֵˣʥˡ֪䲻ΪΪ֮ʥˡ
ȥԣô֪أƱ뺷ֿϣ¶һĨԴʥ΢Ц
ֳףȭǷ񣺡Ѿҵȱضȫ
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ݳȻѹĳǺùأ
ڳպ彫ҪپͲЩʲô±ǱϾϴ
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ȻѾ˾ǲѾûκ塣
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˼Ƭ̵ԣݳֶܼãȫȡڶ󷽲ĵٶȡ
ϳǵͷԶ˽⣬̫ȨĻ̵ͩռ̲λã۵ֵֿҲκˡڳ֮ӣζĺ󷽲δػ˳
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Ӫ´顢Լ˧ŶӾһ𿪻ᡣ
˵ǿᣬʵǰ뼾飬˧Ŷѡ
ǽݳǣ󳷻ȥսٴγʮسǣλ˧Ҳ׺ƣǰڳǽ֮ϣʿʮնز
ȥʮգ˧ŶڳǽǿӲĹƣվ֮£ʱӿµٲġʿ볱ˮϰһӿ֮ɢƬ֮־ɱ죬ĿϴҲηǰ档
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ڳǽ֮ڣռسսȻص÷Ѿĳȷս˭ұ֤Լбʤİա
ǽ˵ʬɽҲη壬һǿһ˶ɫ԰׵صͷһ⼸ǿĿֲ
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ΣһǽǰǽϻǶȫĵͼ
óһͣɣСֱͣһ͡ϵòߣнܿͼȫò
ָŶ걱һ˵ʯ佫ǵʱ͸ǷϢбڶ걱߶رѾ̽ϣǻԼڵı߱ƣߵıҲܶǳ߾ǰ֧Ԯǽᶪݡ
ĵؽս֣еսͨ׶˵
ڱ޷֧ԮԭԼð֧Ԯ֮󣬵зڴսֱ任нɫΪ֮һ䡣
ԭµĿľȻôࡣ
Ǳ֧Ԯ߾ͻᱻǿȻ붫γά֮ƣʧȥľǱݡ
ҲܶеָĵطȻûӴľӣǼŶݼףгǿеֻҪ¶ƳҲǳϦ֮䡣˫ս޷ٳڶ˧Ŷӣ˶꽫ѵľء
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ջ컹Ҫʱ䡣
ʲôꡭƽ׼˵仰˼
ͣϾĥϣвٻҪĽ졣ϾĥϵʱԼҪ¡óȻϾڸЩ߷̵ĻᡣϷΪȶ֮ǰϾҲ޷Ϸе֧Ԯ
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ʮ֮࣬ǵõϾ֧Ԯ걱Ӷʮ򣬾ͻι̡±¶ϸȵǳڴϴܿҪʼ
ʱ˵һһ͵⣬ܹܲƱţ˻ɡ
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˵⻰ʱ򣬿ŵǻ
ת󣺡̫ӵ£±ۣδسս⾪ʧ롭
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֪ݳһ, ݳƣҲĶôأҪݳǴյ
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Щ꣬߹شСս´δͣݳѵ±ǰս
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ֻʶѣֲս̣ûҲôõ£Ȼ˭ϡ
ﱡ־ֵó־һҳһҳطš
ֵͷܶﱡϾ⣺лͽ˵
һֱ˸«һһһڡ
˲վˣһһﱡţ˼˵ﱡһȥϾѺʡ
ﱡȻ֮ǰΪʲôȥ
ȥ𣿰ҪȥսҪ˵ģҼһ檣һûܹأôߣ˵Цǵ־ǹЦ
ѡ鷿µϵǰˣص֮ˣﱡǾ˲֪أȴҲ¶һ˭ӣ˵úЦֻǵͷҴӾѡˣǻȥա
ôһ˹Ƶ󣬡ĺ£ɲýȺӸռˡôҲǰˣôҲҪǸ
ﱡĿ£
ɲĺ𣿲ôˣֻҪݣǾͣ
ﱡеľȻֻ˵ҵȥѺʣû˵Ѻ֮ҵˣǻء
ﱡ󣬱Į˵⻰ʱк޲⻰˵ȴǴ˼
һඥ
԰
ֻ˵Ѻˣճû˵Ѻ֮Щפػǻ
ݳǣǸȥʲô𣡣
һʱ̰ĸӵܾͿʼ
ﱡҲ֪ǰȺûþͻɢȥ㲻ٹǣԹԵȥ
֮ǰ־ЩϹѧãʶ֣־ΪֱһΪҾԣǽ˶Ͻģйҫ鹵Ѫ֪սʦĵ䡣вĵطҲܡ
ٵһǧ־ҪѡЩʶֵĺЩ˲ʶ֣븻ӵμǿԹ˿ͷ־Ҳⲻ
ǰսƣѺҪҹ̵ظ·ЩȥϾǱ㲻пະۡѡ˵ʱûѡǣȻźǵʱ˵ݳǣּǧݳһͬУǱĻᡣ
ﱡһݸ죬ת۹ĿԼͣų¸ȥ
ͷԸŷﱡ鷿ŷﱡﱡȥ˳͵鷿
ų;Ͱ֣ҪһӣҪӽǧߣ־û֣
͢飬ô򵥡Ҳáﱡӹᣬ˵ȥѺʣʵȥݶһղʤ²ǧ˻ǶǳԹ˰׵ˣȥӪͷǿɲԸ⡣ֻ˵пݳسǣЩ˱ùģҲա½ѡˣ
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徽ԶȻټñ˶Ϣߡ
ʱ䣬½̿ɴ޷ɳȵһµʿҲû֮ǰһǰǿ֮ơ
Σ佫ĿĲԶҪⳡ𼸸ܿεĽ
Ϊ˹ңΪգȴǷ˶۵ļɻ䣬
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ھӪνȫżÿٽĿɽؼʮϲȦ˵ãǹͨģһ㡣˶̷Ӣˬ˶øӲˡôһżǰЩ±ȻǷ׷Ч¡
ӣһϮһֱб裬ʢʱڸϲҲڼţֺ̽ս֡
¡ȱ򣬱ȭһ
ڰ֣ʾҪ
ǸˣԾվ빫˵껰ˣиˡ
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ͷ糯ϢϷˮϾȫںӵϣûѺʡֳﱡǧѺʡ
¡ְѼеŷӹʦҪⲻ绢㸸סֳϹս˧֮ʣǰˡ
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ͷĬ֮ʣҪҲ֣ɱ𣿡
仰͵̧ͷȥûжı飬ԣ˵仰ʱġ
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ԥذǸ˵Ϊ棬㲻ɱͻɱ㡣
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̫ӲֳһҶġ⻰˵顣
ֱ߳д˽ţݸ飺ͩҪɣûʲô¡ûŹǶ֣ȥ󡣡
鿴ŷк˽ӡʱõԤУӹ򿪣ȥͫ˲С
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ϢϣѾ֪ͩ⣬ͩĺǸֳȻֺ顣
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ס֣취աܲȫķӡ
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֪ͷⶼǺ󻰣Ȱǰˡ岻Ǻ󷽲ʱٿսһıʦִϻۣȻ๳ǲûͩʦ֣Ҳδܳɡٿ


298 ҹϮ 
ҲֱӸ˷˳ȥ
ʢ, ǧȡ
Ϸ꣬ʪȡ
ﱡһҹ֮ǧδʱ, Ѿ򶫱Ϯǧǵʱͩվǽ֮ͼ粢硣
½, һҹ֮͵ǧ¡ֶͩ, ΢ڡ
ͱȭޣΪս, Ӧ龫ǡ
½ȫ֣һֱǱ֮ˣȻᱡ˽֣ͩס˻Ұ׵ĳǽƽҲгϢ, ӧȥ, ݴ, ų½ҲܵøС½д, ¼Һˡ
ͩ˵÷Ƶȴֱġ
ҹﱡ¸˵ʵǴȥݼ֮󣬳һ, ܾͩɲ⡣
ͩѺʵӽ־ȥݳǶս, ôˣôϺ, ˭û׶۵˼, ֻͩĦ, ˼С
ڳδԵ޹ʵվڳǽ֮ϣﱡ̣лҲҪл
˳ͩ⻰ϸϸȥȻûл
ܵõͳ˧ְλΪڶλڼᶨӵΪ°صشӳ¸ȥսǰΣǰġ
˳ȥս˼˵԰ʮΡ
Ǳ¶԰лɣսǷƽڰ¡»᲻Ϊǳ¸밲һ
£
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ݳǵĺҹڱеɱǽ֮û⣬ǽɽ·Ҳû⡣
һǿϮʱ򣬳ڵİվѾճ͢Ҫ󣬳󷽳ǳرȥˡʱڳĻ֮ϵǹ⣬ƻ⡣
ӳǽȥİĽֵ֮ϣкɫʯŵףǺīĲ˿ȴĴڡ
ǽϵʿŬع۲ųǽһ˿һض
ƽų˳ǽѲҹ
ֻܽµ΢âǿ·
硣ɿյƽߣʵ빫ϲõƣΪʲô
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ƽĿصΪ۾ӦڰǵƣҹϮ˵ƣǾҪսˡ¹ҹسǵʱ򣬶ǲƵġ
ŶɵͷʾԼʶˡ
ƽһһųǽ⣬ǽķֻһһյĵ¹⡣ĿԵǽڻƶΨĿעӵķڲŽǶԽԽ󣬶ءת
Ͼ͵ʱʱˡ
ƽűͣ˽Ųɸںûע⣬һͷײϳƽļײͨ졣
硭
ƽֹ̧֣˵
ɼ״ŵòһĿѭųƽŵĵط׷ȥϵʿڻֿ˿¹ղһߣҲӰܶȻòУӦҲڻ
ȻƽӦ󺰵ҹϮҹϮرշǽ֮ͨʯţ죡
˵գƽгһԲͲߣݡԡһ̻ڳǽϷըѣݵ⣬ɿûйķϣεˣϵ䵶Ź⣬ʿ̻ĹһĨ˲ӣ
ƽ˲࣬ȥұ߷ڵͨȥߵģ죡
ɸͲ֪ƽôеϮģǳƽͱȥ򷴷ȥ´򻬣һģֳŵһǰ˳վٶȲҲȥ
ݳǵĳǽͱ֮䡣ͱһɽɽƽضľ޴ʯ飬涼絶һ㣬ûпĵطɽľͷһɽٲһ˺Զĵطͷڼһǡ
ɽһ޴ĺӣе档
⡰ӡһ£꿪ʵǬո֮½һߴɡɡ׿ɷյĳγǽµĶ·
ǽɽǽķɡ
ÿ궼ݾѣҪݽڶʹڹڣӹݳعسǳصķ˵ݳǳǽڣΪ¶ġ
ȻǸˣλЩ飬ÿ궼ǰռƻޡ
պȻըźţԭѾϢһսʱһ˯ǳӴҲһ
Ϯڳǽ򡣡
鴩ףڼͷ£Ҫߡ
᲻֣һӪʿڣ֣ŵȥǰt̨ûϢһСΧ͵ϮҪȡڡĪս֪Ƕȡ֮ǲǴӪԱΪϣ
ռ֣ģֳ̇ӪʣѾǣ˺ơ
ֵڼţĽ໰ųǽķȥ
ǽϣƽѾֱ˷ڵբڣɱһƬ
ȥҲ¹⣬Լܷ붫꽫ʿȻһνϣնˣһ˵Ķ꽫ʿ̧Ϳһѵֱֱ£
ûнӹ˵ĵƽ˵󣬵أҲ㿪һؿڡ
У˱ķ˼ԾӰһӰУֻ¹׷Ӱ
ն֮󣬳ɲŵڵһբڡ
ǿܣЩ˾Զբڡ
سǵ±׺Ŀˣ
֮ǰڳسǣ˲СЩ˷·һǽǰӡ
˫е±мܵûУ˲һ𱻿ڵأ̧ҪˣƼһɱֱֱӰϵĵɡ˳ưнԷڡ
ͱſţվسǽҾҽ
ɷһѾܳȥһɣн·ϣѪĽ
ƽﱡȻ򲻹ﱡЩֻ·ֱֱˣࡣֻգ۵ĹѾɱ˵ڶբڡ
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⣬ûǰƿʲô¹һ屾ܵһԱܿǶֱ硣
۵ֱ죬Ҳʧȥƽ⣬һ˲һλεĵ׷ۿͶ㲻һˣ

ཻ̱ڳɶȻ𣬱𻨣һ˲ɿһ¶ڰֱںڰһɫ¹⣡
ڱ˾ȥ
һӰʯһصǰȺ֮УҵöԷˡ
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鲻âһĴţӰֱںڰһƬǹ⣬֯һסЩ͵Ϯ޴ӡ
ں濴Ǵ˵еâ
㻹ܲս
һŭǰ
ɻع񣬶˵·˺۶.˿ڲסֹѪһֻŲһᣬһѽʹ˲׷顣
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ﱡʦֵܣҹĻһ˫ศɡϰâڹ֮£ﱡӰӰΡ
ȻɲﱡɾӯɵѧЩƤëһԸЩá
ʱﱡһ˫˫ĳ졣
¹ղȥڣƽǿн˵ĵ޴ڷ顣ۿ±Ǳ忳ýڽڰˣȴ졣
Ű裬šɱЩµ±
ЩѾƵ±ܲ˵ֱǽܡ
ӣ˭󳷣ɱ⣡ƽͷź󳷵±
һӰ£ƽļһʹһὣ£˭ֵ֪˱Ӳ¸һȻ

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̫ˣֻɽҷĵâԷĵ
͵Ϯƺƴһ˸ߡ˿Ƶţӳƣ绢Хһ㣬±ĵӡ
ϻŽˣƽѾ޿ˣ󵶣׼һ
ƽôܲӣ
ȻͫСϳ־ֵҿԼ˿ģ۾
۵һжĽűߣŵñܵȥ
ԼɫӰȻһɫǰһȦ彫ʿأصײ
漴һϮһŮ𣺡𶯡
ƽȥǼߵŮӣæ¹ô
䲻ֱһļϣҸ˿ڣŵ㡣ǧҶˣҼͷйѡ

ƽ˵ʲôϻת󡰵բţֱӰ͵ϮĶиΡ
Сӻزˣƽָǰբڡ
ϣȻģȻբţһص
жõĶڡÿһ֮䶼һɣҶڲ細ֻܸպһʮ꺢ͯ
ӯƽǰ壬ͷբţűϽõĶһԾԾ˵ڶբſڣҲֱµڶբš
˻عѭְɫӰӵɨ
޹ĵطֻþ֪ԼҲбеһǰƮ콣ƽɨǰ·壬ٴԾұϽڡ
ڰӭ磬һһ¡
ֵ˸һֱӴֻһСͨĶڻ˳ȥûκεطʸͱڣҹڷ϶д󣬷ء
ֻ䣬˫ְŶڣӣһ˱ڵһڡ
ڿаνƮ콣ﱻעøӲޱȡһڶ·ͱ֮ϣ翽жһֱпӲʯڡ˳ڽϵһȦڿлһȦڽϣִһ˻ȥһڶڵϣȥѹһƬˡֵȻػѶƮ콣γӰֻһɫֱӰѵբҲ
ЩɲϢʱ䡣
ǰܲзڶ࣬Լǰδȫˡ
ԥڣողŵķұڻصڶբڣֱӵѵڶբڵ御ɱ
ٻصһբڵʱѾƽ˿ڣЯа̶ֶ˶ϵѪ飬ѽջ䣬ʵ𣿡
ش𣺡ã첲ûϡ
𣿡ʳƽ
ƽͷСذѳƽ˳ǽ
ݳķڣÿһ඼ʮբţʱ򣬾Ϊ˷ֹ͵ϮڣʧȫķڶƵģÿһբڶþʯţԴ򿪡̧֮
ʮբڣƾһ֮
ƽѾ㡣
ҲڣɵĽȻϡĵӵײﱡɱҹĻԼҪ󼫸ߡ
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Ӹ˵ﱡȳӵܵӸʵ
տʼֵʱ򣬳ˣʮй󣬳ɱȽصϵ˲䱻ɢ¶ƣơ
Ŀַųƽӷڳʿܡ
ҲˣԽԽԶ
֪ٶսһᣬһ£ཻĲ˾ѹһֱˡһ߹ȥһµբڡ
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һȣӷ£ڳǽϣסЩ±ܵ·ߡ
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ÿǰһ±ǾͲɵһŵһȻڵϡ
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±ɱ۵飬˫ź۾ֻӣҶҲ˻ػ
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⻰û˵꣬ͼ±һٿǽֳţӳǽһԾ£
Ҳϳǽ˷˳ȥ


299 ǰɱ 
ն
һ׹, ׷档
û뵽Ҿô̧־һ, ΢Уһֻ̧
µʱ, ׹Ѹ, ˲ץס֪в, ϳذף
ֻûͿһ¹ֱۣ˲ҽһֱ۱ˢˢնϣ
ӰǽУһ̶ġ̴, ׹ٶȱ仺, ػһ˸ߵĵľʱ, ְ˶ڵϣԼһǰ, ӵվ
һ˲˸첲ˤ˼߹ǣڵ϶á
˿, ָŴ
鿴ˡ
, ջ˿һȥ, ֱֽŽ߰˶ϱֹѪ
̧̧ܰ˾Ӫ
ǱӵϢ, ϵʱⳡսѾӪ˳ǽ, һȺڵɪɪ±ǰȭ£ӳǷ
ǱǱ徸Ĺͳ˧֮ǰ֮УɽУѡһѵݳֱ֮ӰѴһǧͳ˧߼ӶǱ徹ˣַսİ
֮ǰĹսûǱӪѸֵڵϣس飬±ȥͿˡ
ųǽϵϢϢѾŸ˻ȥ
ཻ̱ʱ򣬳ӱԲ׷ŹǱһҹΪ֪ضҪӪپ硣
Ա徸˺Ƿģû˵Ǳļ򣬵ҵ˰ЩѺȥ
Ǳ֪ս֮ϳӱһ£ⲻӰʿӰպս£ʱ̾û
ǱͷĿʾߵ˵ĵһЩѺЩӱӪ
ǱӪˣǸʯһѵĽ鵣α飬Щ佫ҲڳϷҪǰæȻһٸԸ⡣
һƽɶˣƽҼйѣɾܿסұۡǶһͷҪӪŰѼͷȡ
Ǳسǣųƽɻ˾Ӫȥټе±УϿᡣ
ʱУϼ˼±
ֻǰףУϻ졣
վ̨ϣ̨µЩ±ƵĻϣѪѾɣϵĻڣվŵǵֱ۵ĳƽԼʦЩܵ±϶ӣ̨ϡ
̨ߵһϱ۵ˣһϢͷ
ɨһĄ̇µʿְâϣѵǰƥ𡣸λȻͶӪף֪Լ£
黺ⲽ࣬ĿȻսɳľģΪܵ˼
һڶϱ˵ϣһĶϹ֮ϣ۵ôһ
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ƽŰǰһصն
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ĸ첲ϣ񶥣񡣿Ҳ֪±ʲô˼
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Ȼǽߴĵؽ磬ȴԽԽ
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ҺһһʹԨﱡԱߣֵϳ壬һߡ
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ųǽҲŷһ죬ײŵӱ˴ֵľľһײݳǵĳš
ݳǵĳŴʱѾţһʯţڶţЩľײǰҲۿɼرΡһʯѾѷ죬ʯÿһײڵϡ
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ϳԶǽǸӣֱġ˵


301 ;ĩ· 
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һʮ̨Ͷʮֻ޴ĺɫԲԲڿлһ, ǰе·ϡ
Ǳ, 󺰵𣡡
˲ʮ̨һֻ޴Ĺ.˵λãǾ޴.ŷȥĺɫԲ, ವһ, ˳ȥ
ʮļ󲻷ǰǰڵϵĺɫԲ, ޴Ļ֮ЩɫԲ֮ڡ
ֻһϢĹЩɫԲ¡һըѡһɾȻ˲ըʱʮݣѾܹЩɫ򸽽ı˲Ѫʧ
ںӱһը֮ԭأһǰ˲ѪΧںʲô
֮ʣڶѾΧ
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Ӵң׷׺ܡ
վһ֮ĲҲѾɵۣǵʲô
ֻ֣ӱѾŷɥǰˣ˵ʬˣкըѪĭûһԽʮŵǽ档
ƽڳǽҲɵۣ⵽ʲô
Ѿ˵ӣ˭ս
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δ֪־ʿǰһ±뾡ȥ
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Ƭ̣Ѿ˳ǽңľ롣ǰϢ˵Ѿҹ˰֮Ӫ
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ϣϣھӪǰ۳һ˺ӣ
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ӴԺҲоѣҲõ£ҲңɼΣ׷
һҹȼ
־ˮǰȻʱ򣬶̫޵Ѿյ̮
ԻʺѶ־鷿̧һյýڵʬסûü޳Ѿεڵء
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̫ӱıʿҲڼײǽԾԻʺԲڴһҹ֮ͷ˵ʲôĶС
˵̫ʧ£⻿ױŭգڶԾԷл
˵̫Ϊ˽飬ޣҲԲá
˵̫Ǳ˴ɱɱ˵˷һѴ˶
Ϊ̫ӵ糯ռѹ֣µʱڳСࡣ۵һؿϲŭ֣ڵϣŸ¡
糯֮󣬶ô̲ͩȥ鷿
ͩڶ󻺲С
۸һڹٹŮԶԶšǰʣͩ붫ۣһǰһ
ȥ߰ɡû鷿תȥ鷿Ļ԰
ͩû˵һֱŶۡ
ޣ̫Է٣ɵģ˵ͩʲô
صǡ
۵ΪҪô
ͩףԥص볯͢Թ̫ˣҪһǰӵ곯ŵ飬Ȼ̫һֲ߻Ҳ˽ᡣеǰҪһģܹ塣
⻰Էٵģǰ棬ǡ
ͩں棬صȻǡֻ֪һ֪ѡ
վӣͩգ
Ҳ𣿡̧ͩηӭ϶۵۾
Цˣ뵱ıǺñձȨڷΪ̫ӣȻڴ֮󣬷Ųȵս̫֮λҲġθɣ
¼ȻܣΪλҪ䣬ȥսأۣͩƺҪһ𰸡
ߵ԰ˮߣˮ㣬֪Ϊʲô㲻һֻ𣿡
ͩΪµ
۵ȴΪΪûо֪ΣںδԻ㡢顢¡Լµʮܣˮ㡣ÿ춼ΪһڳʳҶᡣǿʳﾺبŲȵĴսűض裬ҲѹСȲøܵÿսϸ游ƴɱֻ󷽳ıߡһֿ꣬ʮꡣȵ۰ѹ»鷿ʹ£λӣ¾Ӧôλ˭֪ôش𣿡
۲Ŀͩ
ͩҡͷ
ۻصºԥ˵¡ȵʹΪΡ֪Ϊ𣿡
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۵֪ǼλҲ龫ǡȻڹ¼λЩµͷԽԽˡɹ²ڵľֻֿʮ꣬͵̫ޣٳɳһЩʱ򣬻Ͳҡҡ׹ģ
̾һһӷԳƣʱֿٵһģЩȵ۴µľȨգ֮˭̳лλԹЮơǵʱѾ꣬Ǽӡֻңʸһ¡
ԣ׾͸үү˵Ҫλλ𣿡ͩŶۣҲһ׽ĳƺ
۵ͷʱҾͰеı˾ûκԥͬˡڻ壬ʷӦ֪ʱıŵǶôĴɼˣǺԥؾʹӦҡͬʱֿˤȵϢ鷿ͩ˵ֵ֮ѪԵϵ֮⣬ʲôԳ֮ΪĻǱˣ㶮𣿡
ͩףҶ


303  
Ѹײڶ֮ƶ˶Ȩ
Ұı˸, ˡҵ׵ܣΪҶգˤȡҼҵһ, ҵһУȥ۹ĿҵֻǿʵѾ˥ϲ, ǶΪ˸õŬǱǻ֮, ѪԵϵ
۹ҪһնϾŵȨ, װԼһ֣ϧʷǧҲҪȥֶͩѭŶ۵ĿȥǶǳ
ˣֻ۵, , ŴȨȥפ, ոġݳһս¹ضʵڷĲ¡ͩ, ̫ӿ㣬飬ҵ׵ֿ˭ΪҪΪ´, , 츣գΪߵֻе, Żǰ̵׷ӵ
ۺȻͷĿѣ, һ˹ȥ
ڲԶ״, кǰѶ۷ڹæҵİѶ̧Ͻ̧޵
ҽԺҽۼ޵ſڣͷö
һʱ䣬﹬⣬ҳһƬ
ͩһֱ޵̼ѾͩгҪ
ͩŶۣǽ»Բѣֻǿһʲôô
ͷð¡ūһ죬
ͩ˵
̫Ȼްţ¾ɼͻ˧⡭ֹ̽Щɣȴ˵Բֹ˵ʲôĶа
ͩԣֻǶ˹ҽԺҩȺһԼٰʣµһһҨۡιȥһһŶ۵Ĵꡣ
ͩһʱŰһҩȫι۵
վȥʹչ˺øʣ̽һɵʣµ飬
ҪǷǣͩӰȴѾȥ˺󹬡
ڣԻʺΪܴһͩȴڣҪԻʺӼ
ԻʺߵŮҳֻܽȥԻʺ
ԻʺͩвߵļƣǿžױŮŴ޵
ͩҲԻʺûңֱӵŮԼ֧ҼΣ
Իʺһûȡ
ŮɢööҩĶҩһʱԻʺҲûˡ
Իʺûָͩͺ˵ʲô
ͩϺ޲ظ˷Ǿ仰˵ŮԼ֧ҼΣ
㣡
ԻʺһӦǷŭ
໰ʣһ仰ؿڲ֪
ͩģŭ뷢ȴַ̫Ӳӣôꡣ
ȻѿأĴΪڵĸ˾޴档
һ߼èˣѹοٻе̫ӣ
ֶͩԻʺ󣬻㻹ǳۡʱλɵĹ׸ܡгǷͳʢͬı߻һè̫ӡͬͬڣҹǣߴţͨʶʢǺı󲻹Ҫһͬһ𣬳Ϊ湲ͬ塣ɣʢû뵽ǣһʼʹ߳֡
ͩⲽ˵һܾԶ飺Ժ飬㲻ܽʸϵȥΪ۽̡̫ҵ˵ʱҰĲĹļƻŵĺӵ̫ӣӴԺҾƽơǹӦøĴǰ㴦֪µˡʢݵĸʢǱźӳǵˡҲɵ֪·ͬһ㣬ѵʱӤϵĽмһ飬˼˱档ֻǹ̫죬ûü˽£ˣһšܣ֪飬ɹպʲôߣݺ˾׸Ĺְ
ԻʺİϣΪʲô֪Ϊʲô֪ô
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Իʺüͩ˵Ķʵ޻˵
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ͬ⣬ҲͬģԻʺȵ
ͲˡͩȻһЦֻýԼұá
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̫ˣ˯գֻöķţ˻ûںã˳ϵĸ㣬ʵʲôϢ𣿡
飬Ҳţص񳿷ɸ봫飬ǰҹ̫ӱˡձֺؼԲڴһƾֳ岿Ѿͬ⣬ֻбδ̬òҵźܿ͵ˡ
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صûʲô벻׵ģֳҪҪԻʺ֧̫֡ڳӪ꣬䵳ֹǼˡ̫.棬ǸԻʺ棬Ǹ档˶ˣǸֶѣֳһ֡
һҪջرȨأ벻ף¼һֱǾ볯֮͢һѷ졣ˣ»û볯֮͢Ȼ϶ȻûоȨҪǸλȣҪŵ֧𣿻Уֿʲôûǿͩõ˼֮Ȩʲô
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̧ͷ֪ζ黨ʲôۣǸ߾ʦվǱߡ֪Ĳټǰˡ
ûǸ֮ǰǿҪҳˡ



ӪڵĽһֳĴ㣬׷׳ʾ⡣
Ѿս꣬˽괺˸˲صĴΪҪǵǲһվȭϥ¡
ǵǲǲƽ޹ʵֵطԶʽûκ鱨Ҳûκʤ㡣ǴڼǱȶҪǿ׳Ϊʲôǿ׳ȴʼն޷붫أ
⻰ʵ˶Ϊ֮һ㶡
һֱö˳˽˶ʼҲδĶҡ
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ѽϳ֪⻰𰸣ΪΪ˽թЩԣʵǻ۵ĽᾧԹǿĥצĥǡ֪Լӵ㣬ھзͶ˺ܶྫǰα鱱ᣬڱǼ־оŶݼסӵ޷ı뼼ģ¾ǵ걱ỹεʱδзɵı鵣α飬֪֮࣬ԱרзҲ޲ܡ
ͬصͷ֪ΪʲôǿȴȻö޲˰ɣԼıԣǻۻһսʱ϶Էǿ²ɳܣɳܵǣһֱԴǳǺ£ҪԼľӡԶڵĹ޷ֱ֧ǵءڼ䣬ҪҵһֽǶպܿతİ취ȥΪսӶԴõİ취ǻбĳ·Ҳһ
ϳǴﾴλࡢ͡ǻ۲ϵˡ
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Ȼݳֻڱݷֱ𲼿˴ʮ׼Ҳսô
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ͽϳǲ֪Ϊʲôȥһ仰˲͵˼
ϳǣϢˡ
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304  
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㻹˵ʵһܶ
¡ȥ˳ġ跻˵漸ûˣǼˡ
跻ݳǵİնˣôС˵һ룬ˣݳǻкеھӪ
Ǹ跻пܾǺпģӪĽʿáطʱ֣սʱӪе
ȻȥֵطЦ

£Ҫȥ
Ȼһӣȥ
˦䣬һۣתĸ跻ȥˡ
һ·ϼдĺ顣
ϸ˵鲢޻Լ
˶Ǵˮ޸ģд
ڶŰԼµĳ˻ʼҲҵвҵתô£ⲻԸǷģǮֲ
ˣ֮ǰѾ˼Ҫȷ֮ȻҪƿڣǰĸĸ緢ľȻôϷ
ԽԽ㵹Ʋ˭
ˡ
ԼǲһֱвмֱӴɺоӪĲҹȥ
ټݳûеƻָֻƽʣ˼伫֡
ӼֿʼоȥϹ˵ǼˡϹüеıʣȥӭӡ
Լ߽ģϹһ£кȥưϹ͵ǰӣ˶ӡҪȥ͹ӹȥ
ϹŭǣˣһڱϹϣ顣
Ϲһ£ӣʵˣ
ӵͷصЦ췻
ϹüԼƹӹȥ
΢΢ףˡ
ϹȥЦ췻Ĺ˵ŵɫˣĿǰ£
ϿȥŮŮ̳һˣʲô˵Ǯ㶼׬Ϲǳ⣬϶¥ȥ˵
ƾθ˵û鶼ˣҪЩŮŮߡ
֮£Ѿˣ˵Ѿվ߽ȥǶȥ
ϯϺȾƣҲ̧ͷ
һʱ䲻֪ô죬Ϲһɫ˶ߡŸѼһ㣬ѷġŮǡߡ
Ϲһ뼾˵˳ȥš
վǰдĺ飬˦ϣʵʲô˼
еľƱˮ룬޹ء
ְڶݷóôͣ
ġ
ϻ̫Ѫӿͨ죬ҵȻ֪ҵģʲô˼𣿣
šͷ
ʲôԥûУŭʤÿŮ˷֣ô𣿣
ü̧ҾͷֹһΡ㡣
ǣЦˣ˼׬£
鲻˵
ΪǱˣ˵ˣͩ¶֣һ꣬Լ侲⼸죬뵽ôһ취д飬е˽ңһⳡһ˻ȥ
˶۽ѾˣȾһƬ飬˵ȴѾί˼㡣۵Ĳᡢ۵ķŲ¡۵ıȫµϣԵúܴ
Ҳ¡ɳƣ²˾ֳᴢ֮λ뵽õİ취
ѹ飬ķ·һ飬ؿڵɢˡ
תҲǩݺġ׷ҵģϲ֮ٸҺ롣Ҳͬ⡣
վߵߣӲ汧Ҳһ޳ܰȥһ̧ΰ̧ȥز㡣𣿡
͹Լأ㲻뿴գԸؿһ˻ȥ֣ͩѾȫ˳ã뵱ʵ۾ͱ㣬㻹ʲô𣿣ԹΪ˻λֵеӻ𣿣
ü췴
췴ֻͩǼֲǻʵۣ࣡ΪԱ
˵ȥˣԸͩ᣿
ż֪ʲô˵
۾ۿͨ죬ֳֻͩǸİˣֻҪţҪ鰲ãΪһд治飡
£⼱
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Ŷ룬žݸ飬˵ǰ̽˵弯дƺ׼дĶ
ϼҴȥӪ
ſǣѼԼ˦Ӫȥں滹ûӦ˶Կһۣ빫Ǻͺˣ
ҡҡͷʾ֪
ϣ鱧żҹߴϢ
黤ӪʴţǱϳǽ
˵Ҳ
֪ͷͷˡҶҪսˣȥò𣿡
Ҳץĸ첲ݺݵҧһڡ
üҲйƢ
˿ڣ۵ذ첲࣬ſǻҲ룬Ҳ뿪㣬ҪӮⳡ̣һͩʲôУҶţҲģ
ޣһޣľ͸һۡ
鱧һ̣㴦á
ĸ첲᲻֡
ſԭĮαװ
ǰжߡ
ǸѪı壬ҲĺƷ˳ᢵĹ߾ʦӼӺݻİ
ֻϲһͨŮӡ
ʵҲͨ
ͨŮĻһߵ׷ѺˤǰԴǵظ룿
ͨŮĻ᲻ܲ˵ظһսµʱվϳǽ˵б
ͨŮĻܾôΣűƭ֣
鱧ȷŮӣϲˣһ޶
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ݳǾӪ´ڣɳϣӷֳһݳƽһм󳷵ƣû̽
Ǹղǰ߳ͻϢ
뼾ɳϵķֲ˼
ɳ̣ɳ̱߻ⲽһڽȻҲɳ̣ǷǸʲôơ
ݳѾ˿ˡ뼾ÿһսʵȻǰߣ󷽵ʱ˸ġ
ǲ˵ҲҺ
˵ӣҿֱַ棬Ӧ׼ˡһֱԻǵߣ󲿶ӽתơ
ÿɷ񣺡Ӧǡ
סݳǹȻǺ£ʿ˥Ӧóʤ׷ãԳûֱոݿ˵
Ǵ׷
ָ󳷵ķϣܼѷ֡
ͷǡ׷ս˲Ϣ䣬ҪٳӦ䡣ô
ɳϣֲΧվŵĽոݣ֪λûиһɱر
£Ǹسǣǰ򣬱òУл׷ǰҲԱߴ߳ٲǱ˶ſڡ
ʵ̣λسǽͬԸһոݣ
ͷһѵڶ̵Ľʿسǡʣʿһ׷
üˣ˻ݳǣǿ֪ͨݵݱ׼ΧϡʲԴӱвˡ
ҲʾͬǡֻҪ˳еǾͿ߹ٵʣ׷Ҳֺ󷽲ѵ׷
һ鿪ʱ뼾սݸսӭݡ
룬һ½ԳѰķʽɳ
ٽУϲٵĺѾˡ
ŷǿһҹĻᡣ
Щ챾Ϊû˯ãԡ
ͿλȥúϢҪ󳷣Ҫλһ˷һոݣ
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Ž¶˯߹ȥߵˡ
Һſڴϲ
󣬰£˯
ϣ⼸նû˯áںòôҲԷˡ
ôУְЬӣҪ׷㲻ȥ𣿡
ȥػش
;棬ãôܵסѾ˴ˣܼ򵥵ģϾͺá
š۾ҡͷ
ͷסĴʵ˯
ǵôĸ첲ɿڡ
𣿡黵Цż
ͨ죺ģд飬Ҫռұˣ
ҺдˮġҲ룬ôȢ㣿ѵҪһӵ
ҿҪúˡ۾һת㶼ǳɹ׵ˣ˭֪ǲʲôȺãűġ
ۼ˱ԣŵʲôȺ㻹֪
üһǳñһ˺ÿ㣬ݱһ˺㣬ַһ˺һЩ
ַ
⻰;òԾܾء
㣡ŵߣͽ
ĳ˶̷ͷǰз˿£ס˫ַüۡԼ壬żĺֲı飬Ʒʲôʳһ㣬Ųһ¡
صıϢıϹеȡϢײڼĶϣ·װ١
ҧĶĸоӶȫ
Сèһ㣬غһޱ㡣
̫ˣ̫ˡ
ƺĲ֪һߴģȻ赸ˡ
ܵķ˫ֵؿڣ黯ȥ
㡣
һߵǼԡ
һΣо˺һʹҲȲҪ
ͷͷ
𣿡С
һõͷš
Сغǻܣѯĸܣ𣿡
šץĸ첲㡭û¡
Ķͷҧס˴꣬ظ
л˵
ˣҿ


305 ʤ׷ 
ͩҰĲֹ㡣
ֱ, Ũңרעһ˲, ޱ㡣һһֱΧ߻㼯, й, ȴ޷йֻѹţһ͵͵, ǹ
۾˿˿аעø롣
ôôÿ˰
ޱȷ˼֮£Ȼ޷ϵһ
һˮ첲ϵļ, һһ
ȥ, ĴָϿİָô, ҵһ
۾ų죬
ȥ, ͷ籩һ㹥˽
˳־סͷض죬һ, ©
ͷ, ֱҵ˰ָŵ, ¡
һ, ݺݵصһ, 漴ֱ
ָĴҹö㿪
һ㣬һѳֲסӱ߳һ䣺Ҷ
ţ
ģ̲ס۸ġ
ܲˣ˹
־ű죬ͷڽģ𡭡
סĸ첲Ϻ̲ס.Ϸͦ
˼ּѹɤĻ·һ㣬˻
֪Խ˵ԽҲҵ.Ϸֻʣġ
Խ˵Խͣ۽Ƕᡣ
顭סĸ첲Сҡ
ӣѹס֣ж
ûҴͽЩ˷ȥܵúԶ鶿ģ֪ô£üЦ档
š
һصþżһڱƣ
ɤӷɣ˵һ仰
鳶һƬ˸ס
ѵճǺ
ĺ󾱣һһϴ
ﶼ۾ϢƵ֪ûعĴЦĻһޡ
ۣҵˡ
ַһ£ѹʲôֱüȥ°İָ˳ϣԺ˯
ͷЦ
һᣬ£ȥӪڵľͱˮʱԡ
صϰѼ޾ɵӣϴ˯ţ
һһֻ˯èš
ŽľͰӡˮãľͰϻ˯ʲôʱˮﱧʲôʱ£ʲôʱһ˯£ʲôʱ𴲵ȫȻ֪
ѵʱԼǽǱ캰ɱ漴ըѹ
ˣŷ
ͨ졣
ӣֻºһЦʵﲻ𣿡
ûСչҡ
ɬ꿴ϲϧ㣬ûˣǸӡ
ŲŲӣסĸ첲˼ʣǡǲǺܿϲˣ
һ£۵Цˣôס͵Ե֣á÷գ³ȥ֮ǰһҪ÷ȷʵ̫ˣЩϲġ
ߵͷù͡
꿴ɫ֮ǰöˣĵ¶ˣұˡܱ֮ǰǸĺҪǿϰٱô㣬㣬Ϊ롣
㡭ɫȻæҲһõӵġ
ҡҡͷﻹڴѦҽҩܺãϵİ̺ȥòˡ˽飬ұҪˡ
㡭֣ҪȥĶ
޵ĺ촽ɫԵøȥҪˣҪʬǻץסһ
װúݾģЦˣʲôҪҰģܸϢšһյ
żܾøдĶࡣ
ʮ꣬Ѿô飬ڣĲġ
Ѽ§ڻҵļӦиõġʱҾƶĸûˮǸŮزˡһо綾һۿʱ;ӣһһıߵڣһֱ㣬Ըиţûһҵı³ɳֱޡʱ䣬ۿŰ¶ģ໥֣ߵ죬㣬ǣҡ
þò
գգ۾˽ëϵ飬Ц԰ɣһˣָˡѾսȻҪ󳷣ǰߴ̫ãǾҪӪǾʰʰ׼·
šͷ
*
£Ѿļڡ
µʱԹֺ̫֮ӣɥһ¡Ƕ۹һڶɥ
֮ǰ̫ްţٹ˿ȸֻûȥӳ˹ɥʱ䡣
ڼ䳯ҰֱĪ⡣
̫̫˫˫ްţزڴĻͩڳƾټӹڣס֮ǰס
ڻλǰ棬һĵطλͩ糯ڼڳ¡
ʱһֱæɥ糯ˡ
ʱæŴϱˮûҪ»Ҳϳ
ΪɥˮսЩϢ΢ӯһЩĹ˾޴ĳ֡
ͩսʱɥӼΪͷ񲿾ٻᾭѡɼˣϷˮַֿڱصá
ȻսǰսֹӦЩʳԵЩ׽⡣
糯ʱڹ״ָŽһطӦʳܿ콭־ͻᱻͿա
ͩӣɨһ۹̫ʦվĵطǸϼһѾڼҶա
֪ҲûйƫƫǹģҲ˵̫ʦǲΪıˡ
ͩпЦӹǲùˮвڳѿ
ƽⲻãǰ߽ʿԹصǵԹ졣ʱܼܲȥδ֪
кݰ
¡վڴ֮ϣһ
ͩع񣬵£һɷʩС
˵Ƿ
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ͩĴа̾ƽﲻɽ©ˮɵҪ⣬ʱס
Ϊ룬һֽóȴùӸ߿һۡ
ǰһ££ǰսѾӪ󳷣׼˻رݳǡҹսҪݳʿӪ׷һոݿʧء볯͢ǲݡݳΧϣͨ·
׼
ͩҲֱ׼˱ۣѵݸҡ
ͩҹҪأǰո͢ضȫ֧֡
⻰˶ԹѼҹڵһλ˭ͩöȦɵ㡣
ʼͩԷǳֶвԻʺ󡢹ȷʵᷳ
Դͩ˼֮󣬳͢תƽʱ˳
ǰ̫ڵʱ򣬳ָ͢в˳
̫ˣ²أ̡
֮͢ѾûκѵͷһԹҡΪȡͩеİѱڳһ죬Ȩðڵٹٸŷ
һʱ䳯Ұ£ͩӣӦóΪ괢
³֮ͩسӡ
̲һ𸴺˵
ͩȻǼȴҲְ̲λ̲죬޴СҪĿ
ͩڣԶ̺ŵĸ̳˵İӡⰸɵĶ࣬˻ǳ͢Ա
ͩڿ˺þãīȾȥҰѻ
īȾͷȥ˻
һӣˡ
ͩϵ̲ݴŸ˵һ£±󣬿ɳˣҪʵǱ߻ڲ飬վĵ̣ҸͷȰԶ̺ŵе̶ˣԶ̺еĵ̶ԲһȻȥˣû¿ҵһ԰Ҳн
һ㶣ʵ˵ǡԶ̺еĵ̣
̧ͩϬǡ
Զ̺ڹһҺܴ̺ţ澭ӪĶ෱ֻ࣬иһȫ⡭
Щͩô˼ǣԶ̺ţҲֻòһҵ꼴ɣͩһھǲԶ̺ȫĵ̣
Զ̺ÿϽɵĸ˰һС֡
ͩҲӣȷʵǸС£ɾ֪Զ̺ڱɿոݳǴ£ѵҲҪ͢װ𣿡
˲ͩ˼
һ̺ţôԵ޹ʵ£ˣһͼı
Ӫܹһ̺ģֻһˡ
би֧Ԯ˱ӣŻգ֮顣ȵԨڱƣԼҲƸ˼ʮ
Ļãģͩз֮ģȷʵӦá
ͩǲһӣǰûж˼Զ̺Ÿҵǡ
ûɲӦҲ˵ͩйҵİѱͩ˳ļǾ췴
Чҵǳ͢ͳ
ͩڲӦӵͳ

Щԥ벻Զ̺ͣҵԲѣ˼һʱ⡣
*
ĺܿ͵ϣŻͣҵԲģ˳˼
ݴʵѾ֪ͩˡ
ͩһ֣ǷǮ֧ս¡Զ̺еĵ̶ҪͣҵԲ飬ͣҵһǼӿͣҵһ£Ǳ׬˼ʮӡ
ʵ˵׬ӶС£Ǯ޷ŲǴ¡
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Ǵչ뼸Щ׬ļҲȫ˽ȥݳǳʣԶ̺ռá
Զ̺Զƽʱڣǿ̺һ±
ڣͩһٴʵ̫ˡ
ǲĵ̣ѾƵҵ
ԣս²ͣԶ̺žͲܸҵǴһ££ǰ꣬Զ̺ټӣͻֱӱ̡
ô깹ҵ۹ʹ˱
û뵽ζյսӵߡͩһˣѾˡһͲòĴ㡣
Ȼͷ۵̫࣬Щ񲻼á
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󲿶ڻĶѾȫڳǽ£ӳǽѳ͢Ļظ߱
ڻ󲿶ӳ˵ĸӣҲݳ˿սһսִգЩسսѾòˡ
ֻ˧ȥӭΣʣȫ˧ӭ
ԸЩ˧սѸٳɳ
ӪϴһѪˮ
Ѿ£ù£򱱳ˡǣƱѾʱ׼Ӫ׷ˡ
ȥҼÿӣͿüչ
ôˣ߹ȥϷ
̾һֳһɱԶ̺еĵ̶ˡ벻ߵ˸ߣϢǺбϹҵġ
ʲô鲻̫Զ̺ŵ顣
Զ̺೯ŵľ֮ǵƣԶ̺š֮ǰΪ˽ֱյҵ񣬰Ͼİ˳ɲҵˡݿսʸϣԶ̺ںѾ˴е̶һ¡Զ̺ŲòһЩˡ̴꣬Զ̺žͲò̺ʲˡ
˼Ƭ̣¿һæĵһԶ̺ŵӶѺУӺнһǮɹѹء
Ҫ˵ĵڶ£̧ͩԶ͢ΪɣѺֿǸʲôϢжûֿһƿغУ汾ͻ㼯֮̾ˣֿµϢֶߡҲҳһ࣬Թ˲Ͼ
ҹµ˽֧ԮԶ̺ţΣֵ
ҡͷˮнԶ̺ҪԶϵĿࡣ㰲ǮԹգչˡʵľǣӮⳡֿ̡ǲĶ˳͢٣ͩվǶǳˡԶ̺в볯ֿ͢ΪƺСֻҪĲԴ췴ҲûǮ
ü̫࣬ܶ鶼ƿ֮С̫࣬ǰҪո
Щ·񣬻Ӱսֵжϡ
ǡȰǰðɡͩ˱ΪֳܻЩ顣
ڿ飬֪ͩҰģԶҪ


306  
ˣ
Ժǳ, ·ˢͩԭɫһŷǺڼ׵ˮī
֪ôԥȥԼ, Щһʼվ֧ˣԼЩ˶ꡣ
һһ˵
ԥ, , ڸϢдţǸƽ, ÷ƽܶ׼ӣʱ׼֧ԮԶ̺š
а㣬ʦʮǰѾˣôûݳǣһ˧ǣɹʽӡ
*
ﱡΪԼ, ݳǺܽˡû뵽, ´, ˮǣٵϵű塣
ﱡѾӰ, ˮȥ
ˮˢЩ𻵡ŷάֻյĹŰ޺áﱡȲشʼݳǽ
ż·ϣ޷֪ݳǵս, ֪Ѿسʱ
*
ݳǾµĹս, ԭ׻ɫĳǽȾѪɫϴ˰졣
ǽϰ߲, ǽǰѾѪ͸, ˺
ͣڰ, ֮֮ﶼϴ
ĸޣ̵ĸ䣬ڵĸڡ
Ȼȵģȡ
ϦʿǻʱŴɨս
գеڻʿսûһܣǵʬ⡣
ƽ˵ĸ첲վڳ£ЩΪҡΪԼ˶սսʿη
еʬ׶һճɷĩһǻҷɡ
ǲԭӣеӥɻҽҲŷ򱱻صǵĹ
սͿ̿˸пꡣ
ȥı£˭ϲɱ¾
ȵԨϵߵǱƬѾòˣû·ֻսս
ѵˣҪһֱ໥ȥ
ƽƽߵϦ˳˼
ݳǴһسǣʣ˸һӪϡǧǰ沽ܲǰ
һǰСܵÿ죬Ǳǧżһγɵڶ׷
һ֮Ѿе֮ǰڳﴦפĴӪ
֣ͣЪ
ľӪ
֪˶أǳ˵ʱ̫صĶûдߡ˵ײŵľ޴ԲľtĲt̨ʱǡ
ǰߣ鿴Ͷʯ
ͶʯݳڵͶʯ죬˱Ͷʯ̸ɣò˵ͶʯҲ֮С
£ƽѾӪһȦһ˶ûУˡ
ߵúܴæණûߡ黷ܣȻἾǣü
ǣƽкнʿԭϢ
ʱǱżڶҲĴӪš
Ѿһ𣬵ż
Ĭȼߣû˵ҪʲôԹԵӪ俪ˡ
һǰһӪ￴š
Ȼͣ½Ųϸᡣ
ôֿ
صҩζ
˵£˳ּһʯͷڵšûһٳһҩģ𼸸ţӻͳһֽЩҩĶߡ
ʲôæʣǷʲô
ͷֽչ¶һЩҩģӪһλҪﻼزЩҩĶҩģԶ̺ڵҪȫѼҲѣЩҩܹ󡣡
鿴ɨһΧʵ﷢ֵģ
ָָ
˳ֵĵط˹ȥ˼˵Ӫм䡭ӦҩҲġ
΢Уƺʲô£ѹż£ԭǴӡ
ü΢ƺͬ˵
£ƽԶܹż΢΢ǷӪϢһҹǼҹУ
룺أߵüӦòͣϢڲ·¾͸׷ˡ
ЩǵɶԷ׻Уǻһξ롣¼׷Ҳ
ţ֪ͷ˼һۣҪȻǱںЪһ߰գ
ҡͷϲۡ
Ҳ˵ʲôչ⣬һһҪϢ˽ŵ·ȷʵûϢʱ䡣
±׷ӣǽ֮ǰлս²ݡոͿԱѪС
ж񼲣ܸһһֱ·׷ǳ顣
ݵ±սУ˶ſڴ£ڿԳһڶȻ˷ޱȡ
û˵ʲôͷǣȷǰ
ϣһŵƣŵͼǰ߱
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Դ׷ʼЩЩĬԡ
ڼ漴Ҫ̣ʱҲǰ˵š
˵֮󾭳۾Ŵһµա
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عЦЦһֱʳʰˡ
·ùںϢһҹΪʲôͬ⣿
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پʦ𣿡ͲСˣʮߡ
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˵Ҳû׷ȥֻʵаپʦǶ֮еǺù
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ǵһƬϡǰǴƽԭŸָпսĵط
Ȼǰлѵůǵڶĳȥ̽ˡ
ֱû̽ͷȭӣǰƺӪĶ飬ֻһǧ˵ӣͷĽǲ͡зս¾ܡѾ׷
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ֻһ˲Ĺϵ¾ͱڱΣҰ֮¾ûһ㷱ǡΧȻ䰵ֻԼǰӵŷƣϮ
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֪׷˶ãܾΧƺб䣬ŷԼƺѾƫԭ·ߡ
Ͳһֱ򱱿񱼣ǹƱûйߵʱ˼յơڵҹǼյƾָ·ƣҲԻ۵۷
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ѦӸǿȲҩȲһƥںҹдУһɫڷԷ
Ǳ׷ϼʵӣôˣΪʲôôż
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ҪڷƮɢһ㣬ּ֪֪ҵõΪʲôԱڴ£
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ô˵Ǳ绰û˵꣬ǰг
٣ų
ҵǰûҵǧ
һɫأֻǳ˼˼Ϣʱ䣬ɼǰ̽ǺпΪҹɫƫԭ·ߣ
ǣȥǰ̽顣
ĵ鷢ˡ
ǧԵ޹ʵʧˣ


307 թ 
թĶˣ
ӦǱˡ
Ҳһ, òײ׷ϼͣ£ԭز, ֪ˡ
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ʱСղֽ, ĿȾȻҲһЩ
⻰˵, ǳõĳĬ
۾, һֱ˼Ǽǰܻ⡣
ֻǰ, ģ˼ʮսĽ֡
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Լǰ幫ﴦص
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, ǵ, һ٣Ҳһˡǧ֧ԮȥҲδܰѵ½ȳ
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˳˼
о̫ҲҪȵܵΧɱǧˣѴ֮컹δѾܻ
붫̸еʱ
ûκ̸еʱ
ͩڼΪһ˶塣ڴֻ·һ
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воֲ֣ϵرҷ
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зҲгһ鱨ҲС
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Ǳ˵Ҳûз˵˼͵ּҵջȰϳǣֻҪο飬ڳӮأͿԸµӶЩġùľ֮ҲöءϳҲΪսйһΪĵּҡܰⱲӹϵΪѾ˵ŷǡ룬ȥӪȴԸġǡ
Ϣ̫ȡ
ΪϳǴӴӪܵʱôһ˲뵽ϳǼųȥ߷ˡ
ϣԤյġ
ֻҪûɱ˵˼ϳĲ鶫꣬ս֮ϣ綼дһս
һʱҲ֪˵ʲôá
Ѿ˵Թ֮Ҳá
Ҫģǽ⣬ӵзΧɱнȳ
Ǳһ֪̾ϳȱ£ǾͲӦôȥ
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ͳĺŽǰźɱԶ
鲻֪Լɱ˶ˣֻ֪ǹʵˣһǹ.ط˵ؿڣҲΣֱǹһӯâһ첲ȥϵĺȵȫ
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ڼ֡
ţֻҪϵʱ乻һܹ취ȥ
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ˣס΢Ĺ⣬ſһƥɫߣñţԼͷһֱżȡ
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ʶƥһսķĺѪ
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һֱֻ٣Լ£ٺϡ۾ԶսĿ
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ĽҰ룬ôת
Χ˾ؿΧֻǰǧĵطӫӫѣɫ֮ϵķһ㣬ɽҰ
һЩɫĹ⣬飬ɽҰչ
Χ壬ȻЩš
໥Կһۣ廰ʵʲô
֪ʲôôô࣬ǰΧˡ
Χ˵ЩѣǲǶӣ
ôܣȷ沿ǧ棬ǧǺ棬ô࣬ɽҰˣҲҪɣ
Ƕӣôлѣ
ƺ˵Цһۣûټ˵ȴԽԽûס
ֻˣ彫ʿҲԼΧԶϢǳһɫ֮ϻ̿Ǻ
Χˣ
ʵԮڴ˴
飬ǣԼΪնʵΧɱ
ЩԵ޹ʳΧĻԽԽ࣬ɢķΧԽԽһĴ޹ҹԵøȡ
ԣӾѾȡ
涼ܵ彫ʿǾٵʱԥ˼ƥ߸ԾһҽУ˷ڵء
ͬʱ˲ԶɽҰĻƵĻѡ
ʲô
Ԯ
ԮΪʲôûսģΪʲôûпʼΧϣΪʲôϢģ
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ڣ
£
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ǻһӵʱ䣡ĸչΡ
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Լ˼
ӣεĺƷ壬ġ
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̧īһҹĻȻЦˡ׵һ˲䣬ӵվγâĸ˵ȥĴɢоϮϢ˵붫Ȧס
ǣںڰΣʧߣӡ
һ𣺡ȫͨ桪ѼϣʿǸһɱȥϣ
ף޶ը죬ü٣СһӶ˴ϢĻᡣ
ɽҰսģ籩һ㣬ܼ١
ﺰţϮǱΧˡǰΧˡ
һԶ˲
ΧĶ꽫ʿһŭ𣬿꽫ʿϼżλεĵȻΧĻսġ
ôһ˲Ĺ˱꽫ʿľ𺳡
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թĶˣװ˵ʵڵȴᣬ׼͵ذӼ
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Χսģɽ⣬ǲǶʲô
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ѵһʼ׷ΪΪϵˣȵ֮󣬶ӲſʼΧϣҪǼȫɱ
ͽߵһ죬ǿ챻ΧˣűͻΧѣﻹûдΧϣǿɱȥ
Щҡô죬ڵȵĻᣬȻǵоõȦס
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漴ĺŽһǳĺŽǡĺŽǣԼͬ򱱷񱼣
ڲݵϣǰӳ˺Žǣھƣ
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ĳŽǣһϵѪϵĽСڷ첲ۣӾûɱ
һ˻Զ˼Ȧ
סƵϣ׼׷
ⳡ޹ս۵ˣȫ
鲻֪߻жٶ꽫ʿǧﲻ֪սлʣ¶٣ֻϷ롣
һ©ƽߣʡ
Ұ֮б̺ɫϼտɫɫظϿ̿еѾտǳҲ֮䡣
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ſЩĻѣȫǹĻѲѣΧûˡԲٲ֮ڣÿһξ붼˻ѣڵҹȥ˾ŻѣӰΧ
Ȼ
аƣ֮֮
úڰ֡
Ҳúڰթ֡
ǰϤһУթһ֡
һһһƥɫϣһЦ⡣
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󣬹۲ź׷ȡߣ
СʱԶѾܿĻҳѾƽԭ֮ϡ֡
ϳһѽߣ
鲻⣺Ҫʲô
̧һк֡


308  
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ϣһ
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黹ûʳƥ˻ˤ
ͷȥЦÿġ
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ǹԨĻ֮, ԭ˼, ֪
ǰŵˤˤһƬ, Ӵľӱͣ޷׷
ңż鱳ӰʧһƬӵĳУŭһ, һС
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۶ϲ
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ЦҶһ˵ˣթҲȢҵģҪȢ㣡ҪΪķ£ݡ
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Ѳ뼾ϵȫγŵڶǿҩԼϵľһΣȥɽʱһΣǿ֮Ⱦر䡣ֻҪ̹ǣȾͻһֱۡǴǿϾĺ֢ûûãֻǿ߼·ѦʦҪһŸϵҩΪ֪ڵ״ֻҵ֮ǲġ
ͷ鷢ס۾ı顣
Ӳ˲ᣬһ±ӣ飬ſǻ֪Ϊʲôô˰ɣÿȥ㣬ȾͻÿһΪգδԼԺ֪ҩֻҪˣֻҪˣȾͷˣΪ˾޷ˡ飬Ҹ㣬ǸҸǸΪȲвҪǸ־ԲŹģ
ż֣þò
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ţԼؿڣҼȻµһǼı.ߵϸˣǶǸ˸ȤҲ廨ôĴۣôʱ䣬һôҡǶо仰ô˵šŶԣ˵˵ɣ«ﵽʲôҩ
ϳһӳһƣʵΡʵӰѰһξðİ취
Ͷƺ֪ϳʲôһЦͬ⣬µĽͬͬ⣿
Щһֱַ߾ҲΪձຮʳ˹ÿͿʼƵƵɧŶ걱߾ͼһЩʳţȥ˹ˡϳ˵ſƺ֤˵ǲġ
ɫص˵ͷ
ϳż˵ӵ˼ǡ岻鸽꣬ҲӦôóסشﲩкܶҪĶ˵ʳ˵Ρڱǿţ⡢ƤƷóףȡҪĶͲΪʳԶսս
˼ϳ˵ĻƬ֮ʵͬԣݳѾƣȥͣҪ̸ͣս᲻ΪΪ·ʱ䣬Ա֤󲿶Ӻ󳷣
Ը飬ȥ붫̸УֻҪԼ̸еĵص㼴ɣϳǷַദָһ֮
ʱϳǴŴ飬ݳš
˼Ŀϳ뿪֮󣬽üؿһܵӣ֮ϡ
ľҪ붫𣿡˼ɳƣԭϴķ硣
˼ڡߣһۣңлսʤ𣿡˵һ䣬ʹһ£ʹࡣ
˼ڴĿ˵ʵǹݳǣ붫ڳ¶£ΪǿԴӮⳡ̵ġ
ǰɡЦһҲġܾǾǿ󲻿սʤһսҲ֪ʲôࡣ͸ߴ˶СǵǾߡǼߣҲһ˲СߡΪСǷ˸ֱо˸սıݳǸǽв֣ȴܰըķĻݳ⣬ǲ죬ǻĵǳݡȻռǣӵǵսֻЩھΪáǲ࣬ǻ۵Ĳࡣ
ǵѡ񡣡˼ڵǱ붫˽бóҪȡĲǵʳǵΡǵǻۣǵ˼롣һ겻УǾ꣬겻УǾꡣ겻УǾͶʮꡣֻҪѧʹӵ˼Ǿһֱϣ
ŵµƤǴŻĶǲ֪ǿ󣬻Ҫȥ˺ҧǲһʱȻҲ֪ʱʲôʱţҵĺ󱲣ҵһԵȵ
˼ڸȥԭĶɣҪȥˡս
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£һ·ӹƵĳű⣬ҵ飬£ϳǴ飡
ϳǣüв⣬ʶػ󣬲Զ
ģʡ
ˣϿءش
Ȱ˸ҿãƽ˵ȰѳǳջżӰӣǼȻ飬һѾˡ
ǡȥ
תͷߣÿ
Լȣˣ̺ӷʵôˣ
ľ֣ԼΪʲôϳ벻׵Ǽôġ
ôʣ˺һŻعˣ
ӻͳݸƤõ׭̶ɡдɵ顣
黹飬С˵ҡ֡
ۡ鱻ֱ鶺ˣһεذڻ֣ԼӸߣѹżͷһ飬ͬͣս붫óԭˣһʼϳǽ壬Ϊһ壿㲢峼ֻͣսű߾óף
šͷǰϳǵʱҾˣԶڵĲ֧ԭؽбһļҪûа취һɳ͢ųʱ̡ǺԼ¶֮꣬ǰѾѪеõݡǴƣӲǣҲûʤ㡣ݳһ̣ö˫˾ơǩͣսЭ飬Ϣ˫ӮȥݳǱ⣬е豸嶼ûǲΪǲᡣʱ˿ͬͣսһΪӿŵı߾óѧϰ֪ʶǿ
＾Ҵ̺ӣ˵ҲΪϷˮսЩѹĵÿ顣¹ûо֧ջ֮ʱͣս˵ϣ
󱳿黳ůЩûصԣʵֻҪܹԱů㲻ǿг
ϳⲽ壬ǰͲˣÿһο˼ԶǶò˼飬Ȼǰµӣƿľơ
ûȫ˵ϳǡֻǽһһ
һһ׼˼ǵǸҹ޹ǳսۣ
ǵģǵһ飬ǿƾ֣аȰ˵һ˵޶꣬ǲܵġǳŵ飬ҪһԣȷǷܰʵ
ҵӮˣǵǿ󣬲ԸͶϡ˽̫أüԦ
κ϶˽ġһֻҪĿģǺõĽ֡
һֱû˹˵ˣɤӾ͸ۣü϶˰꣬˭Ҳûн˭ֻҪ˿붫ó˲սҲܻҪʳƥΣڵĺսͻᱻȡ֮ûϲ̣ǶûзԣҲ֪Ҳ޷˵ǽ
Ұģ²Ǻƽܾáü
ԹֻҪǵ۹б߽սɤۣɵҪȥòյæùιȡ
ɤӣع㣬Ǻ顣ֻҪ̩񰲣߾ջмǵġҵⲽ壬ǷǶԸ˵֡߹֮ս׼һűơֻҪϱʲôԲ˵塣ڶһ£ͬһ¡ϣۻǷֵػ
յùͷۣһ¶ޱȣɵۣ붯£ȴû
ʵôˣ
ɵò
æƽ˱ӣⶼаˣΪʲôѦӻûе
һ㲻õʦˣͩʦ塭ңԶӵȦĸΪʡ
ü
ֵǰ죬ͩ׿ԨΪϾ޽ڶʹ佫ϾıȨѾ֡
óţݸ飬һǲϢģһǺġŷϢһ¡
鿴Ժ󣬳ĬãŵֳҪ֮λ˶Ͽţǡ
ĿڼĶϣɫ԰ף˫Ŀա
ȥĶͷ̵ˣд󺧣
Ժɫأʵ£ȥӵأ
鴹Ŀֳסˡ
סˣ۾˲٣Ϸ֪֪
䣡ִס䣬ݵͬ˵ȳȥ׼ĺƷ塣
ˣּʱֹ˲ø鳳ܣ˦ųȥ׼
ֱȭ£ҪҲż
æʵҪĺƷ壿
ֵͷǣӵĲˡû֪Ѫ⣬ڱֺĵطڲѪϢϢ˵ʦ屻ͩסû취Ӧ̵ġϢֻңû䡣ӷŲµ£ִҪϳǴϢԸͣûɼˡ
鲻ᣬ֪һֱӲԴϴˤ֮һֱղϣ޲ߡ
ǿԣԸܹ
֪Ѧӱ۵ϢȴǼִߣΪ˵ϳǴ顣
ֻ֣Ϊ
żݵζӳ¡
κ𣿡ȫε
ףֻҪһİҿ˵
ҲҪİҪʵ̧
ûлشֻҡҡͷ
鲻֪ҡͷŲ֪ǲܡ
ǻĺƷ塱鱯ʹʣر۾
ȴһ͹ӻȥɣ·вϢչˣǲ֪ܳԼ±ȻĺƷ塣Ųµ£Ҵһ䣬ˣ»²˾𣿡
¾ġ
Ҫľġ
гƽɣﱡдİǧ־ǻȥһͩһ£һսʱ뷢ܰͩӼλϸ
ֳѪףҪô
Աżյú˵Сʹѡ
һɽŻǲ׺ɣ
ͩǺبмһǵ÷ǳ֮Զ޷Ҹ
ѦӡֿŹܣŽҵԶ̺˵ơ
ڳֻ֮죬ϸһ·
ˡ
֮ݡ
ѼͷķԼĶͷĶͷԹԵĺƷϵңһһУȥ㡣
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죬£*3ޣˡ
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311 ֣ϣ 
̸̸
³, ͢ӵ˱ոսͩ°¹Ρ
ͩԼٻԼİǧ־
գͩӡ
Ϊͩأ̼򵥡ͩƸɻ, ſչʮݻ
Ҵż, ϲű, ϻΡ
ͩڻαߣ·ʱ, һֽ
ڻֻֽСġ
ǸӰһЦ
˵һγɻʱ˵װһֱ϶ûԹ﷢šǵڶγɻʱ, ׼Сġ
˱һˡ
, ܾԼⱲҲõˡ
һ, ˭졣
Ϊ˭޷ȡǸŮӡ
еĶһӡ, ͻ㡣
ǸŵŮҸġ
һĵӼǹǰ
ûа磬ֻǰ˽ӽ˸ͷ, һ, ϵɷĺɫĺϵʱִҴһ˻ʳǡ
ͰԼļױ˹, סͩ˼޾, ͩӲ, ʲô˵㡣
ڳԷʱѽŲڵϣ󡣿˯𴲣û˴ͨﵩؿȨĽŮװȥȲ裬оһ
ɣ뿪񷨵磡
ûһӵ磬ͩԳȫԸԼһȥ
*
λүţһģ˴Զкų
üˣһһߴԼ·ͳӣнڶʹɣҪݸ£Ǽ£й֮ǰݳǵľ
أۺʱεأֻҪǾӦúֱӵݵǰ
˻ͳԼݽڶʹӸʳǳǱ䷢ģϵã˸㣬ɽ˹
ͩסں󹬣ǻʳǳԿֻҪ۵ݽֱڹٵݽ
ɲϰӸڹ٣˵ҪͩڹͩԸмһҪʣֱӰ˴˻š
ͩ鷿ǰ˸ӡ
ɽʰͩҲû̧ͷֻӦһʵ£
ǵһμͩڰУԼͩü۴һģһʱŵԭأҿΪӡ
ͩ˰Σû˵̧ͷȥʵ㲻£
֮£ɿͩһЩǣûôŷȷʵ飬ɵһͳӣȥ
¡нڶʹɣݳսս¡ʿˮ
ɲԴǣͨīҲʶ֡ʦүҪ˵ĶʦүдӾʦүдݻɬѶżǵһЩ뵽˱㱳Լ˵ϰߣĿİͰ͡
ͩͷۣ㲻ҧĽ֣˵С
ɵ˵Ҳģ£ұеڶʹĺúõģ˭֪Ǹ´Ҽ鷳Ȩ˸ͷҴ˼ʮ壬ڼ˺üµˡ⼸ڣ²޶ʹسʣ˽ܰյľΪ˽á˵˵ʹΪʲôҪôʸյľأ˵ʲôأҾͼı죬ָŻһ࣬˵Ķʵ밡ڴȨգǱǰȨܸⴢλڻһΪ˻ᴢ֮λ
ͩûдɣѻ˵꣬ڹٸһյ裬ߣ糯ʱϳ¡
Ȼ֪ͩϳΪʲôⱲӶûнܽԪϣ;Լ͸һһ㣬ڲֵͬһû˯š
糯£ͩҹ˻ش𣬽һЩע
ɵó˵
нڶʹҹһۣ˵ݳǵʱͷˣȨʹسʣнѹ֬࣬Ϊ˽áͩɵҳ
꣬һƬžû˸˵һ仰
ǰЩʱͩԨΪϾ޽ڶʹϾȨ൱õϾȨټԻʺ󡢹İѱЩʱڿҿ£ĸ˳϶ͩһƬ
ͩᵽ飬㲻Щ˿๵顣
ǵ
˳۲޷ͩڼõϾȨõ͢ٹٶϿɣһ˶óҪսպյ顣
Ҫ鷳ǰ̫󣬻μͩƺֻܴӾĴ
ֻͩǸͼıԶʡѹ֬崦顣
ǰ߿֮أϲ.
طԶȻŸס
ϵ׻аǧڻĹٵϡǵʱһԲϴ˭˭Ӯһ
˭ڳ϶һ죬պӮ˳ΪԼǰ;С£ȫǴ£
´˶Ҷ˵һ䡣
ͩƺҲ֪ôɣΪӦδã
ɼһ仰˵ֻֻͩ˶û취ָ⡣ֺǺǵǰͩһΪӦðڳжжԽ飬ף
׼ͩ׼˵İ죡Ժ˵˼һɢ
ǧǧǧǧꡪڳݱͩ
ɢ֮ɵײϵĲ⣬ýڳ֮ϱְˣ޿ޣ׼ȥľ¥һ١ⲻ֪󣬳ϵϺǷ׷ҡͷȥһСŽĳᡣ
ЩϺóһۣͩȥƣҪôȫ顣
ͩͳҲɱġüë֮ʣֺǺǵصһѣͩ⡣
˵ȫļƣֻ˵޴֮
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д͵صڡ
Ѽߣ±˱פڱԷһﱡһŰǧ·
Ҫ嶨֮ǰͻڳ顣
ͣǵľԽ޴ҡ
·ݳʱ򣬲֪нڶʹˡۿ˱Լûκιͣʲһȥ״
ﱡ£Ц飺㻹һ˲
ףޱ飬ɴŰǧԭشΪţܿͩͻᵽݳǡ
Ĵࡣ
ͩǼֻּܷ
ϵ֪ϵ
֪ڱʱǰնھӪڹ٣һʹ
㣬ʱ̬ȼǫһʱ½̬ȼá
ԶԶŲ˵ﱡһԵͷǿԼż⣬ʵ齻ֵɽû㡣ͩĴԴ㣬ץסʲôѱ
ɫȻ춯Ｗһ仰ҶԴΣӰֳľߡֻҪ˼һ⣬սʵʵȥ
֮ǰҲ֪дʲô
֮󣬹ؾصһ񣬲ſʼ
ԺȻǰ㲻֪أֻ˵ݳЩĿԲϣлЭˡ
ý飺ūѾûõõūĵطūͻȥˡ
ͷҲΪࡣ
ϵĬ
ﱡ֮󣬲ΧɡĲ˵ƽɡǧ־϶վߵġ
ʦҪһƣĿﱡ֮ǰʱ㲻ܵôȻˣվߣ
ﱡ飺ϣҸһأҲɡ
֪̫һй⹥ģҲ֮£ĵʵ
ﱡЦ㲻̽ҵľˡʦãʦܡ徼֮ʦ֮飬Ӧûǡ
ﱡл˵췴ĹǿκȪ·
ˣлʦֳȫﱡȭת˼վԶ˵ĳƽ
ƽųǰ񣺡кηԸ
еľƣҲ˵ҲӦ֪λȥ׶༪١ǾͲҪһðˡֳ£ֻҪǲͣƫ˽˭ӮһֶǶûл
ƽü⼸Ǹŵ´̣Ͱ֮⡣Ҫƣһ
ңҲһϡ
ҡͷǲ£½ҪΪǸסǳһ롣£㲻ʺϲСΪǧʿҳһšʱ䣬·ҶѾϿɣҲڣҲԳŰ졣һҴ̵ˣǾµϣֻоǿ󣬲ſɱҶ೤㲻ҪҵһƬġ
⻰˵һʼûԼһŵ˼ѡ¸ӳƽΪĸǶ෬֮Ľ
һڳ͢ñΣ¶˵ʵڡ
ǳ¼ҶһѪԸΪͷ­Ѫ
ͺԼӵĿɽ˽ӣг¼֮Ҫѧÿɡн̵Ͽ
ӣ䡣
ƽ곤ŸھѾĥԲ
ȻʮߣǾﱡһܽΪЩԴ󣬿鲻ΪӲãǼĥһһıԵĴ󽫾
Σ˸飬ǽڶսУսηеʶǳɣһӰʹû˵ѧ츳ߣضܹ׷ĽŲ
Ǽѧ¼ֵܶ˶һŵѡ
ͩĲǵ
鲻ó¼ֵգպ縺Ρ
ݳǣ־лؾʦǾȶٻաĳȳƽعζѾﱡһȥУ
ʢԸȥסƽĸ첲磡ûôô˽ʣһȥ֤
ƽֶȥҲӦɡ
ɼƽԥ˳ƽ䣺磡㻹벻𣿣аǧǧʳµ־ǧһǧѵûʤǾǰﰲƣҲ䣡
ƽ˦ɵ֣ȵ֣޶ҳӣֻе»ȥˣû˵ҪµôģҲûڵ˶ܿģʲôɣࣿľ壿Ұ޲ޣҲǱµĻӣڱûگ֮ǰҲԳΪ
Ǿؿŵ»ȥɵС˵˵۾ͺһȦ飡ĸ磡ҲֵܣôͻߵֵزǻλʲôõģΪʵʲôõģÿǸ˾Ľ㲻֪ɽ壬ܲϮܳ۳ɳҾ벻ˣǸλõʲôõģôȥ
ƽһᣬͷĳɣͷСӣ㲻ϡĶˡ㲻ϡ˲ϡԹλ֮С²룬Ҳ롣ȥǸλáǶ̫ƽս£ս£ҲֻЧӢĵЩʱڹ߿ѧ˲٣һ䣬п֮ˣѵ¾û𣿡
һ£⼸ڼѧϰıԣĳ֡
ڳ֮ϣĻͩƾһ֮Ȼݻݺ̫ӵԻʺ
ʱǣ̫ްţز͢Ⱥףս½ƣϾϾ֮ȨϷˮأ
ƶͣս߲˰֧꣬ŲսˮӴ֧
͢ѣǸ۹ֱ֮ʣĻͩƾһ֮Ѹ£۹ȨлȨЩһһ½
ֱ֧ս±֤ʣȨսⷢӡ
ˮػ֧ţɳ͢ɳ͢˰Ѹײڶ֮ƽ˳֮͢˭ͷ۾ơ
żɥԼĴ飬ܾ˷ѣΪԼ׬֮
һеһϣó֮ģġ
ͩڳȶ˾棬󷽣Ҳصƿ
ƽʳɣȻǾŵĵѵ¾ûʸΪ
仰İѳʵһ㶡
ͩҲӵһеӦеƷʡ
ǡȡСڡӴֶǿӲ顣
ͩѺҽѦӡȦֿƳԶ̺ẉ̂ǶǰȨĽ
ֶΣ˲
һֽ飬Ҳһų켺ֶζѡ
Ϊһͩϸ񣬶÷ǳƯ
ԶǯͼԿһ֮š
㶰Ҳûش
ƽ̾һŵܵܵļ򣬵ɣҲش𲻳⡣ʵͲһѡ⡣һɽݶһˡ
*
ѽݳǣԼǧ־ҹ̡
ʦ֡ǰͷﱡ
ﱡǰô
ҡ̸ֳһ̸⻰˵Щ顣
̸ͩδ̸ﱡԥشеߡӵϣĸ׵Ҳϣ֮컹ϡô룬ʲôھôȥ붯֣ͷȥ
ʦзӰɣﱡЩ
ﱡһۣûӣ
ٿƵһ˦ںƵƨϡ˻һܵøˡ
ﱡü˾ȻˣСӣ
һʱﱡ
Ŀصӣ


312 ֣£ 
˭ҹһ̾翷³衣
ɫ, һƻ걻ˮҵòظƮȻ¼д򼸸ת
ͩվڻ, ҡɵʷɫķϵˮ̨ıɫ, ʪһƬ
īȾµ, ͩվڻﴵ磬ӷ鷿, óһ磬ͩߣӣվڷҪūǲˡ
ͩعīȾһ, ƿ, ת鷿
Ƶǰ, ϾԨݹ밲ӣĿϢһ, ǲҪš
īȾҺãǷӦǡ
īȾ֮ͩȤطŰ³ӣʵ£
һӰӴڰ߳, ˫ֳһĽ, ϡ
鵽ˣ̧ͩǰѽ
һͳɳƵѾһȥ˰Ȫݡ
̧ͩ, ǰź, ϲŰӣʱˡ
ˡӱȭͷ, ¾֮Ҳ
鶼ȥôˣ᣿ͩû뿪ңȥԼ
Ǳв⣺Լ
ͩͷĮ׳ιǱĵط㡭Ӧûص￪ʼµ
ҡӵͷδ뿪¡
ڿʼΣͩº͵Цţ
£ԺҪڵ𣿡ƺ뵽ʲô̧ͩ
ͩûлشֻǾ
ˣͩ˴ΪЩȻҪԶΪ
£Դһӵϥ¡
ͩüô
֪ºܿҪ̳дͳЩ£ֻڵùĵطԸΪסܣ˵οġӱȭǵ¸ģǵ°ұģЩֻ꣬Ϊػ¡¼ȻҪˣұûлŵ壬´һ
ͩҡͷƹȥѱӷɣҴδ㵱һߣҲԼ޲ɢϯֻԵڴˡҸлʱΪ£ֻǡԺ󡭡ҲҪˡҿԸһǮСҲãȢҲãһң˹ޡ
ɣͷĬ
ٰͩһ°ɡ֮뿪Ƿ֮ء
ɣͩô֪꣬һ˵һˡԶ˵ĸоҪӼ͡
һ¶˾Ǳʮƥ
ɣͩĵС
һӡõõʱ򣬾Ϊһɱ֣òʱҪɱԶıܡ
ͩɳĮסԺȣˡ֮ͩ͸һЩӣıȥ
ˣûҲ֪ԼܻܲȥͩӣֻһֱԶظ
ͩȥ͸ȥͩ˵ѣͩͷ˴һ١
ͩףֻ
֮ͩǰҪ̫ˣͩʲôͻʲôͩסʲôӣͻʲôӡŰҲκ¡
ʼѧͩԺɨɨԺӣӣ˲ˮͩӰ᲻ȥػ
ͩһǨϣɥ֮ʹɽˮѾĻǸɽͼҹ̴ӽϻص
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