һС廪: ε᡿
:
᡿
еoڵˡ
Ҿףѧԣ֮ӣʹ궯ͣҲὫĿͣŮϡ
˶֪ģǲ֪ǣĳıҹֽд¡
˵ϲǰ;ɼãĿԡ
ˣ廪

ʮ꣬ʧڳͬʱ֪Ѿչˣ͵ؽ
ȷʵҲûӹڶŮһΪഺľһƳ
С糡
ݸ꣬ڲٳϻӺ꣬⧲ڵŵЦ⣬۵׻һεӰ
˲ϱһ
кѧxѧ
֮xƽŮ
-ûְֵܵԵ
-У԰
-
ݱǩ ֮ ־  У԰
ؼ֣ǣ  ǣ  
һ仰飺Ϊ廪
⣺úѧϰ


1 
µף϶˺ü꣬һҹûͣ²ף룬жһ˿ȡ
ѧУΧǽϵڻһû޳Ӱ죬ԽïʢǿѧȺͬѧߣһ־ֱѧ¥ȥһͣͨǰԼ֣鿴ְ
˼ˣַڶͷס̫üͷ΢èǰ꣬ؼ£զڶ𣬡ڣҿˣûֿ̫ˣ
𣿡ڷԿȥﷺ⣬̧ͷȥңĶôû
ðһָ
ڰյ˵ѽôԵλҸôû
ֱ۵٩˧ȥ£
˧ʲôÿġڹŲӺһĬ˼淴ʣֻ۾𣿡
öʱһû˵
˳Ⱥѧ¥Ǳߣû˸ѧڵͬѧ֪˱ֵһ࣬Ľ˵Ҳ̫ˣȻһࡣ
ļٵģõɴ۾߰θ˲١ûȶԷشԭ·ۻأ߶ţУҵȥǲǸһ࣬Ƕҿĵİɡ
˧𣿡ʮȵȥھԼ챻ɹѸˣɢķʡ
֪ԣҪǳûУֶοôӦ
̧ͷʮ˵ֹ˧
꼶һ㲻֪ҲúܺãƤ˧Ǵӹɢġ
ƲƲ죬ġŶ
ܿٴǰͣӣðһԵ£ѹ˷˵ģڣûƭҡֹһ࣬½첢˧磬˵ľӣ½ƢôãƦ˧Ʀ˧ģһݣ۸ˡ
۸ˡľ˲ձߵͷһ˿СҿɲҪǸӻ߳ɼ
ЦˣŮôô˶˧ûȤУһ˧粻˧
г˵˾䣬ŮˣŴɡ
䣬һЦ˵ŮˣٿԵܲõС˵

˱٩ű°༶ߣѾˣʶģʶĶУʦڽ̨շѣǸˣ۾΢̧֣ͷǳֵñȽ׵ֵ˼ȥµĽ̲飬ҽ˷ĳ˵ѧǸһˣǸ߶Ŭˣ߿ĵһֽߣȡԺʲô
˻˯
ںܿˣ̲ʱó˳ڵ䣬С˵ڣȻûȥͷ¡
̧ͷ˿ʣôͷˣ
ڶͷϱȻ£Ŀ⻷ջ˵ûǵúÿСѧƵġҺöˣ׼Ķ쵰ˮĴ۾Ƥְףǹͷÿ
ٿңǳεͷȫȥԵøˡվӶҳһӡ
ôԼ𣿡
ñҡֱ۱ʣӲʩ˵㲻ȥ
ЦΣȥȥȥ
-
û뵽ôˡҲѧ˶࣬ʲôʱŶ࣬ڵ󣬵Ҳ飬һкȥɳϵȻᣬĵˮ
ҪȻںþȴ
ԭǱżͷɫͼ·¶ֱһƬ̣࣬ڳ࣬λεĲƣŮӰ׻Ĵϡ
ںڽˣëձҸʲô߾ίĶԶԷ˵ͬѧ鷳ǳȥ档
һȺô˶ɼܣҲ飬ֱӰ˸ȥˣԷģԱȺ˲Ϣģ˼ĭĵˡ
ڴ˿ˮ¡һȥϴͷˣɳû¸ɣ˷輸ϵķ飬˺üͷǰԱȣ˸ƵģԽԽ档
Ҫʲôı仯
ڣ㷢ʲôأõڵ˼أŪԸͷ쿴ôǲǱǰÿˣ
̧ͷ
е㱻ȵ
Լ˵ͽϳͷȥԵøȧͻǿңһŮӵڣͣȱ㶼סˣŵ˲䱻ŴɬŮϢ
Ҷϲˡһ㲻ԼľޣĴҲ̫ÿ˰ɣŮ
˵ͬʱתתȥĿ
˵ȥҾƮˡöԼ·ͺ⣬Ŀһ̶᲻ôӾŲ
ݼˣ˵Ķʵ
ͻȻһ䣬ڣҪҪһЧѲĶɣղײգ
״ʦҲȰ˵˵İ£ڱϴͷ̨
̺˳˾̾
ڣⷢĺʺ㣬úÿҾ˵㲻ڰɡһӡ
ҪƽʱھˮһʵòҪ˵һ㲻š
˶Ƥ𪣬٣峺ף΢תܾС¹һ׸ɾµĸо
ʦҲƵƵޡں⣬Ҳܸмޱߵ鷢Щ˼ˣһ˵лл
ԸЩʦ´μͷ˺˾뿪
յſڣһȵķҪ˿죬ӭ緢꣬ͷǸ5£šȪˮƿ΢ͷ룬֪ͬ˵˾ʲôһЦ㱻Ǻˡ
šƿǺ˶Էһţ֪Ц˾ʲô
߲ȵķһ˿ζ
üͷƫͷȴֱĶŶԷˣ˽ȥˣתֵĿ
䣬ѹ˵
Ȼᡣ᲻ջĿ⣬ڻдһ˿ǣʣ֪˭𣿡
ҹ˭ھȵͷҲ̫ˣ˧·߲Ҳ˿ǵĿ⡣
˵ǰߡ
ڣȵȣԿ׵ˡ˵Ͳܲۻأϴͷļˣѹ˵˧Ǹû
Ͷ֮ʶһǫǫӣͺɶɱ̫ˣ𣡡
ϽԿװ㡣ûסһۣ⺢ûˡ
ʵҲȥһѡôչȥգգ۾˵ż˧¿󣬲ҿ᲻á
ô۲ۣ
ʲô۲ۣǻʵ۲̫༱˼Կϡ
۲۰ظһ飬ЦӯӯʣûƭɣǲǺ˧
ԣ̾˿Ҳˡ̧ͷ۲΢Դм𣿡
֣վĵĲ䣬һ㡣
ʱһеϺأʦ鷳Ҽһķ͡
ڼһԿȥ
Ŀԡ
ϴͷͷʪյģˮ˳ŷ⻬䣬У´ûʲôı顣ۣܿһĸʦߵֵܾݹζĿ⣬Ц
ڶʱƵġ
л˵
һ
Լ
ȣֿȥʧŶ~
֮ǸѧϲѧΪ˲Уһ廪Ĺ£ڰɹ


2 
˼ſڻڰող£ôͲһ̣ôͷҪǸãôԱߡ
ˣˡ
ظ˼£ͳԿ׿ţͷ֪ȥҰˣ˻ԽԽʡģСĶһ
ŷҮ~ˣڱˣ»ɳֻϣ輸ϵߡ
ġ
Ĺţû뵽Ǿˡ򴽣ӵĿ⣬ͷЬ
̧ͷһۣʣʲôȥˣ
ͬѧͷ˵žߡ
Ҳˣ
ڽŲ΢٣ñš¡
˼룬ֻг»ԸԻʣô
úõͷʲôŶ㣿Щ߰ѧ̤̤ʵʵĶ
ڷڼϵֲԾ߬߻û˵ͱ˷Ǯȥ峧ϰ࣬Ů
ǣͱ˷ҰְǮ»ٿ̧ͷǻԲĲһ䡣
ֻúǱʲôסƵģҪ粵Ұָ㻨Ǯ
»ԡСһͯķʣûҰֵǮ𣿡
ҧŴ
ǣˣꡣ
ڰ꣬ܲż˵ӣʽҵų飬һ˭ҲҲˣǺƽ֣֤Ĺ̺˳
ͬһӵĳ´ͬ飬ܿٴУ³»ԣò׵Ķӣˤˣ»ˣôһֱڼտС
ϳ´ͬ˺ϻﴴһСȷʵԣϲϰ඼û
.
֪ô˷䣬ûţ˾Сһſ鱾ѹϣǾʯѹ˿ҪϢ
»ǼСʵۣܾ谮ԴõģҪϵǣ֪ܣﶼȥժһժͷֲճ£һֱҼסţ
˵ûҰֵǮŹ֡
ǳ⣬Իԣ׼˵׽㡣
Ĭһᣬŵͻأǳ´ͬˣЦ⣬ԻԣְȥѧУ˿ģ
ģҡû˵Լİְ֣һֱסҼңǵǮ
Իԣ˭˵ģʡһСû˽ô˵Ļ
㣬ҲҵһӣԺٺ˵Ҫˡ
»Ժµڳ´ͬӡ
´ͬĶӵĺ󱳣һݣǳ⣺СƽʲôϽȥ
֪ңϲˣֻϲ㡣»ίıͣ۾˵
Ҳϲˡ
ԣڽ˻ȥȻȥˣĽһ϶Źϣصǰ·Ľ̲óҵķ˼¡һԵķֻ𶯡
һ˵Ľһ硱
绰ͷɳƵڣ챨˳𣿡
ֲСӣʲô˳ġЦŷʣ磬أ
˳Ҳ˳
ڷĵЦˡ
ڵĴڣΨһο塣ȻûѪԵϵϵܺã׸绹ס
õֻǳټְ׬ǮҪûֻ²ȱǮҲǲܵġ
ţⲻֳѧϰڵĳɼΣѧϰ棬˻Ǻܳʱöˣ⻹ǲôһ㡣ԴҲ
ÿʱ򣬳ڲ˵ĵĿοûҵʺԼѧϰ¿ζȥ칫ܼˡǸʱҲġ
ھͷȥ칫ұȵ컹ѡʦæֽ˼黹¶Ǹ˶ɡ
Ҳ˼
һ֪ʲô˵ûʲô˼ģʦϲľѧϰѧˡ
ǿĻأţԡ
ʵڲУð̸㱨ϰࡣڲ䣬ˣ̿㣬ʱϴѧ
ִ˴˿˭أ֪ԼûǸϺǵĴѧʵֻҪ뿪طȥϴѧԣµѧϡ
ʱֻȥﵱŮˡ
磬ֻҪϴѧллˣǺǻˮǡʼ˵

գںǣ㲻𣿡
롣
½пܡº͵һûԸȷˣ׼ӱ
ӱôᵱӱҲ˵ЩйĻ˲ֱ壬Դתƻ¾
˵绰˸ѧϰƻ׼ϸִУ֮Ԥϰ˱飬ֱгųȥ
.
ڶյգ涼ܿ켦ڻϴõУ滹еӻζ
¼ס׷ǰģʱΪ˳ϸܷ㣬ѧУֻʮӵ·̡
·йһվ͵Ǽ˱ʱ仹磬Ƶ߹ȥѧУſá
ڣôҵþˡ˵žڵֱۣһͬߡ
ڣʲô
°༶˧̫ˣҿƲסԼҵ٩
ڿЦã˧绹ʲô
ûˡõ̹ϣһתʣ·Ͼ͸㷢Ϣû𣿡
ûֻ
÷ʣ𣿡
ҡͷѧУֻ𣿡
ԣðһԣС˵ĵģ˭ɵѧУ֪Լֻˡ
ڡŶһʾ֪ˣ˵⿪ѧˣÿ춼棬ʲôµ˵ˣ㷢ϢҲһ
ֻѧУżǲ˷𣿡
Ϊ˸Ҹ緽ϵѽ
˽ң˸λһᣬԽԽ࣬û뵽βڽ̨շѵǸʦǸŮʦͲӦûûʮЦᣬЦ˶࣬ƤͬѧԹԵţҴ
֪ĻԭշǸʦǰεϹҲεĽ̵ΣҲòɵ
ܿڶ ˣܣ˺ٳСȥһŶˡ
ʣû緹𣿡
ԵòࡣЦ˵һο飬һ
ǵĻ̣⻹ء
Сֵģһ͵Ŷӣû飬¿ξͳ˳
ڲôһ˿ֶҲǡڵõļ϶ȥǰ˿ѩ⡣
ͻȻһϲͷ𣬡ͬѧ㰡
̧ͷһǸܸߵкӣƫݣƤڣŲʳһǸս˳
ǣǲʶˡ
̺ƣǲżüţԷѵ꣬ô𣿡
°̺Ц˵
εЦЦǸ˼
ǵһô˵ˡԱ̺ܽЦ۾ˡ
Ǹȷʵ˼Ҳģ鷳˵һ£֪ԼòȣӦǸϾԺͬѧ̧ͷͷ
ǣҪԼȥ˵
˳Ŀ⿴ȥһۿǸվµӰİ߲ͷϣɫ̬ͷڿֻһУȴ˵ĸоǲһһʱ˵
ʱ̧ͷΧһȦ֮ʱջߣҼѩȥǮӲ̺Ҵ˵鷳Ҹ͵Ǹˡ
̺ƷӦѾԶˡѩεĳ߹ȥɵ˵޸ǳŮѩ⡣
˺ѩһ٣ţ
˵һŮǵðɣ̺Ʋţģ˵ǹġ
𹴴ЦЦ۵ס
̺Ʊ߳ѩ˵ڽҿˣԺͬѧ˵ûͦÿ
˵һֹļ򣬡ǰɣ
ƳһۣܵС
л˵
ڣһ㡣
𣺻С
ˣ


3 
һܻؽѧ¥ڲûãۻأÿöŴ̫ˡ
ܹȥ򣬡ء
ûͷɹú˵ģ˿ȥˣҪѧУҶ㱻ˡ
׷ҡʼ˵뵽ղǸͺЦѩ̺ƾܣ±סˣ̫ࡣ
ƫͷʺţ˭׷㣿
׷㣿
˭ôĿŵ±ʦס𡣡ԶԲҡͷ̾һɫͷԡ
ڳ췭˸ۣ
˺ѩһڣԲ۾Ȼ
£Ҳ˵һ𣬸ԩ޳ģҲӦáǡˣ˸ѩ𣬾͵ǸˣͬѧˣҪ˼ҼǺңҴСЬô죿һһʮ˵ˡ
ãˣˡ
ߵĻû˵ϿˣܶǰŸսңʦˡ
ǰεĿΣģܣƽЩͬѧշְҽһɨȫ࣬˵λʱ¿ٰɼʽϿˡ
ڵĳɼõģӢҪƶԿӲ֡ú棬ʦĽ̿ηһоǰ
ѧһ죬Ӧտʼǿţ˾̲סˣʦᣬᣬԽֺ䡣
ڵţŴǲѧϰǹʦˣüͷְ˰䣬˶ǰ㣬޲ֻ۾ںڰϡ
䣬̨ϵƽתһ۱ͷȥɲҵĳûɵϣԵġ˻һ˲Ц˷
ƽ˰ŭðصϣײ޴죬ŵȫ඼ɪ¡
ѧ͸ҹȥڿϵʺ
״˭ˣСġ
ʢάֵ¿졣¿ǰӣڱյ㱻δ
ɵˣţң
ţˡƽϲǰŮѧϰ̬ȣ棬Ͽҡһ͹ɶ¡
ʦҡڴСɼۣȻҲûικһְ񣬴ʱ֪úܡ
ܳɼֿѧõ˹һֶʦľηӺȻ·ˣͶ˰û˵һĻȫĿⶼ۹ࡣ
ͬѧ񱻹ڿԷɳȥ˰ܣڻû
ԵΪѸˣЦ˵ڣϲԺǰɲˡ
⻰һ飬ɼõģô࣬Ӧ뵽⣬ᡯվȥ˰칫ҡ
-
칫
ƽϣе⣬豭˿ڣеʣʦ𣿡
ڴֲԾϿ죬ȫǺʿˮһ˵ʦҸշֵһ̫࣬ܲҵǹ˵Ҳʺϵδġ
ҳɼá˵仰ʱԵ˺ܶࡣ
ƽûü˵һԣʦҿ֤ڵĳɼá
δǰɲȻǰɲҪñʣôɼõĵɲأͬѧרƻ߿ѧ𣿵ʱ类͵òʧˣʦһҪؿǡ
ڲ̧ͷ֪ǳš
¼ҶŮҾһŮ軵ˣСǿʤʲôҪһȣ޲ð˲ڽŵ²
ɼʵ˭˵Ҳܣܲο˵⻰ǳš
˼ɼðˡ
ڵ߶ڳϣ֣΢Цлл˵ɼõͬѧɲǰܻ磬ʣͬѧΪɲ㲻꼶һΪ뿼أ
ͬѧǶʮͨѧأ
䣬칫ҵļʦ£Ц־òáֻԵĵͳЦ
ʶתͷһ
˫ڵǳЦ⡣ѧʦԱߣϣ̬⡣
ƽ˵ͬѧʦҪˡ˭˵ɼþͲԵɲģ
ɲΪǵִģÿ඼ֻһһְѹǲǣĻĻʱѧϰ
ÿοᷢ仯ͬѧΪͬѧҪأѰƫʹѹ֪𣿡
ű˵ú޲Ҹضȥ
μʮϢܿȥˣһϿ죬˴Ҵһؽҡüڸһǰһæʣڣôһ
ȻأǰԵ̲ס˵䣬һͬѧһѲȥԱ߽𣿡
õƤһЦ
ûʲôġΣ˵žͰóԺֳǡ
Ͽ嶼ˣʦûžĽ˲úȻ뵽ʲôչȥ˵ڣһ۵ģһ˧һ
˵ԣæǰҿۣȥզ졣
Ŵ۾СƵĵĵͷġҲֻվһŲѷɫ
ǰŵŮͬѧתڣϣС˵ǿ֪ܶʵˡ
õɴ۾
΢ţò˼顣
֮ӣƷѧţѵõǳû˧Ů£꺭˵Ըºͣδ˭²ǰʦϲ޲ðߣ˵ŮˡǰĲô˲ȷϵġ
һҶ
ǴѧڣְרҼԺүүϹսϽүǽ֪һˡ
˼һŬӶʲϵġˡ
˵һ벻˵ˣڱþûôסˣ׷ʣʲô
꺭תȥʦûΧͬѧģתɤ˵Ӧ¡
Ӧ¼Ҳְ⽻٣Աүүүүսѣһսӵĸ꣬⿴ߵһ𡣡
ƲӦ±Ҳ㣬ԵãΪ˴㵽úÿɼҲÿǲвµŮ񡣡
ȷʵģ
-
ȥһ˰칫ңһֱЦ̺üͷֺܿɿǲ⣬Цʲô
ǵĻȣɫ񣺡ûʲô
ûʲôЦ˰ڿΡ̺ƶ˶üҩˣѧʦƽʱѧһƬƺͺ⡣
û˵ϳź󾱣˵Ǹɶôˣ
ɶôӦðүʲôҲȱ
ԺָǸ棬Ů־нվʦǰֽŽӲʲô°㡣
ϸɵУĵԽС΢ͷ¶޳ľ
̺һۣЦţ˵˳Ϸ
ɵèص¶˳
л˵
ȣҪֿӴŮǼǵð~


4 
տѧһӦḶ́ʦ˵ܲſʼϰ˵ϣѧУһᣬԣסУá
ϧҸѧУľʵ̫ˣĻᶼûС
ǵľ¿ͣڻ¯㣬Ƶ߻ȥ类ˮʪҺĵһ¾ǳ
Сʵ۳»ûڼң֪ǻûǳȥˣ´ͬڼҵʱһ᲻ֻ࣬лһڳģʱʱ裬鲻˿
裬Ҫæ𣿡վڳſʡ
ֱæס۾ͬʱԱŲŲ
̧ͷһۣϵĶͣ˵ûˮˣȥ
УܵϲԲܣ򡣡
ü΢Ŷתû˵ϲĲݮǵȻҪԷ
ԣüһûô򵥡
ｫкõĲת̣ϴֽˮΧȹһ̧ͷ˵£һѧУѹϵõ㣬¶ȥۡϲţ֪ġ
ŻС¼ҾһŮеСĲ
䴽һʱ֪˵ʲô
£˵һ¸Ǽٿĸѹʲô㻹Ҫϴѧ
šڴҴ¸׷ɱߡŹϵһ̣ӺȻЩɬ
ͷ΢̧ĺ˿ûݣǴʮ¥ȥ֪˶¥ԽԽ̫ɽˣ¥Сͽķ΢΢ڱֱɪ£̨һ
ֱһʮİ·ûʲôŵˡæǸѸ¥
СиУֱȥ
ϰǸʮҵỊ̇Щ֣ͷȫ̳СЦϲ죬Ҳ飺ڣѧ˰ɣ
ԱиңûµʱƣԴ󲿷ֵ˶ϵ
ڹɵ򴽣ţˡ
ʲô̸áǡǷ㣬˲࣬ϰ̨
ˮ¶һ˿ȻЦ̣㿴ǰ棬Լˡ
ˮˣһʵġ
ЦЦһûһšһŴϺһܣݮӳг
һ֮͡
ŴŰȹӣͷϴ鷢ͷɢţڳˮЦӯӯ˵ѽôˮء
ڿһ˴ӿ첽ǰߡ
״ϵЦ˲ʧľһ²ؼ߸߹ŵģ
뵽ڰ칫ǻ棬׷ȥ˵ôݮǴԸİɣ֪Ұԡ
ҲݮˣˡбۿҪȥ㣿
õȻһˡ
ڽŲһ٣֪¡
ŵЦˡ
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ҺһԲİˮŵңȣöһŲˬڡ
ڻ˷ļ϶
ˣŻĸ첲ĸˡ
лãЦţĸҲúܡϲԵĲݮ
ڣ
ˡû˵ڶ֪ʲôֱӴӱｫˮóϴɾкá
ϲݮ»ϲܣ춼ϲԱϽʡ
Ҫ֪˿ʮʮһΪźͻĸŮһ˵һЦǢøʲôƵġ
Żʱʱڵݸ񣬺˵жϲҡ
ڵû
ʮӺ󣬳´ͬŶӳ»ԣŵİ´δһˣ˵Цġ
ڹؾصĽˣžͲһˣԼİֻȳ´ͬһһԻԵܵܡ
ܿԷˡ
ûڣ˵ݮĿڸԽԽһˣȲˡ
ʣˣ
ЦЦû˵ǵͷʳ»ԣԻԣ벻ԽӲӵѽִ𡣡
СǾôʣ»۾ŹƵġ
´ͬ𣿡
أû
´ͬԾȥ㡣
￴ڣƽʱûʲô˵ڣźͻԻԣȥ
ڡŶһ
ֻ˵һ˵ԻԵܵһȥءȻڽҪȥǾ鷳㣬֦ĻҲ㡣
ûƢӦ˸á֡
-
ĩ֮꣬Ϊһˣμʱʽ
ǿѧĵһΣ쵼һһһһ̫ܽţĻ˯
վӴĶУǿ񣬺ŵ֪˵ʲôЦһ˰εĿ⡣
ƽ߹ЦʲôʲôЦģ
˲ѻȸƬ̣һɢ𣬡Ц̺ϷÿöûˣŻȥġ
СΧںüһЦ
ϵĸ꺭üŪۣЦֲЦûס䴽ͷƽʵ½Уأ
ûϴǵɢ
Ϊʲôϴƽǿŭ𣬡㲻֪һʽ𣿡
û˰ϴ
û𣿡
ҵֱȽϽ󡣡˼룬½ĵزֻϷ
½
ƽѾòˣȻ칫ҡ
Ա߷һ磬Զˡ
ں͵ۣǸ½кӸûһ֪Աߵ˵˾ʲôЦӺܸߣԽüŲվȺȺ
꺭йС˵Ҳֻ½ʦ˵ˡ
ڲ⿴ţ
꺭ѹ˵½Ҿ̵ģǮѧУѧ¥һ᲻ѧϰؼɣУû
ڵȵ̨ϵУ˵˽´ǣϺȻһûע˸ġ
ڸ꺭ۼֿסЦͣһô࣬Сôܵס㡣
Ժܶˣ˼һڳòãֱһԹ˵
ǲ࣬һٵ
ô˵˵Լ
Դϴθ꺭󣬼˾ͳԼһϲһȥչ˸ꡣ
-
Ͽλмӣûʲôˣ̺һϷûô˯лһ۾ѵúܡ
ֱֱķڿϣԴѹţۿﷺһ˿˯߲ĺ죬ûʲô񣬶ĳ
ҪϿˣԽԽͬѧصҡ
Ϊ
ֱһϸӰߣŮŲУ¶ϸֱۣ˰ָ֪ͬ˵ʲôȻЦ٣״
·֪Цùˣ죬űϵ˵һֿʼЦȸղŸ
ԾĹ´ջ߻ûüֱӣͻȻܳһӰֱӹϣѹ
ݣӦ죬סˡ
ôɲүķ񡣡̺Ƶ٩꣬ѭŸ𿴵ķ򿴹ȥʲôҲûƤЦģһ棬տʲôأ
үŻû˾䣬ã


5 
̺Ѵϵջ˵ľ룬ץץףը.ҩˣ
һۣ˵
״ִ̺չȥƤЦģ뿴Ҳɣѧһȥ˵һ̥
һţЦ
һֺĽ˲䰲̧̺ͷȻ󸹱ˡ
ѧΣʱѧǴһƬǽ绹Ƿ磬ܣǽ嶼ûϿξ͵Ͽεӣ˭ĿڣǾ͵űڡ
ȥսʱ򣬻˽⣬иͬѧܵˣĥ£ѧɨʮʱΧŲٳȦħӶúܣҪһġ
˺˭ҲԾһڿεư͡
̺Ƶưģʽڿֱֻۣ漴̨֧֧°͡
ֻ˹պֻ˸ǷŨŨ룬˯¿˽ҡ
䣬ſڿϱ۾
ôĿŵ˭
̺Ľˣ˭ܿ꼶һҲܿء뵽ΧôͬˣȻܶˡ
-
µ̫ͬ㣬ɢǿҵĹâڲңͷʽȻУ֨֨졣
ʦ۾Ľţʱʱֽöͷϵϸûͣɤӷ漸ʮ˫۾ʵĶźڰ塣
ãûͬѧԸվһ⣿
˻һͬѧıߡаڣüͷǰա
ΣֻžͲ֪ˡ
ʦһֱ룬϶룬Ǹ϶룬ʼûڣһӽˡ
Ū˺ˡ
þСԼĴڸУ³鵽Լִ˴ڷڿϵ⣬С˵ڣô֪𰸰ɣдһ¡
򴽲ŲŲֱۡ
ڣ
ǱߵŰŹŮʦ𣬷Ӧ˲˺ôһ
һŵ˿ʦĿתĶᵽɤۡ㿴ңҿ㣬ȫĿⶼ㼯ϡ
ڣ
վֽŽӲ͵طȣõĵǿ
͹۲쵽ŮˣӦǸշְ̬ȶ۾ڰ塣
ΪʦϲѧЦţΪͰ׵ʣͬѧ˼·
ڣ䴽һҲ˵
ţʦ˼·˵
ҡҡ
ҪţдںڰҲС

ݵˣǰѧǲΪٲ׵ôʦϵЦʧɨһȫ࣬ͬѧһҪףѧ֪ʶװҵԴԼġװҿҲʧʲôڲõĽһʧ
ڱ׼£ȴۣͷģƲ۰㡣õǵĺڣ
ֱ¿ڶû߳־ɥ
꺭ǰתοڣѹˣҪǾͳʦˡ
˳Ÿ꺭Ļ˵ǰڣܶ˶ᣬҲᡣ
꺭ֵӺǾںĻ̫ˡˣҪƽϾϵˡ
ʱ䳤˽ˣͦãЦҲյ֡һմѧϰ棬˵߯ҲֻϿ˯ֵܿۡ
˯֣ܿǹϵѧԣδοԶ꼶һڸһʱţ˽һ𾪣𣿡
꺭ʼ磬ɲǡ
»ЩӾҪ㡣ЩתĲҲͲˣϡ
ڿ
֪˵ģ¶ǣǿЦû¡
û£
ġڵͷ
ʵ˵ǺܴܣΣȴǴ𲻳꺭˵ģЩʹİɡ
-
µڿһξ͹ˣǸԻͶʱ䣬ĵڶں͸꺭ʳó塣
Ȼ˸ĺλá
һʳΪûλˣҪôȵȣҪôҸطŲվųԡ
ڣһ£ͷһԣû
ںɵ̧ͷӡ̺ű־ԵЦ˭Ƶġϻվ
ûӦ̺˵మͬѧǿ϶᲻˧վųԷԲԣ
ЦŲŲ
̺Ҿ˵ôô˧ί
ڻ߻û˵ͱˣ̺ƣ˵⻰˼
ѽ̺һһէģѼ˶ŵ̧ͷĿ۵ϣһ
ãôòẦ˰ɣϲң
˭ϲˣ˵ܻ˵Ա߿һۣ漴ͷԷ΢΢
ڰϸڿһСϲǰֵ֪һ͸˳ǸӣοһϳԷء
̧ͷһ̺ơ
ţ
Ľ㡣˵Ǳ˵︻ɵйӶ˾ͰѼʮͶ˵ǰѡ㡣
̺һͷˮĽʲô
£һһ˵ĽƤ񣡡
͡
ú͸꺭Цˣر̺Ǳصı飬Цֱˡ
û̲ס䴽¡
л˵

ڲɰղصҺʹ


6 
һڿճһͬѧǶĶ£ȡ
Ͽ嶼˺üʦ˺ܸߣе࣬˶һСɫĳԽӲӣüͷɴ֣Ҳ̫ˣֻԵĵ¶ΣΧŲٳȦһͬѧȥģȻɻ
ȵÿҪˣһɢξĵطܣ꺭øܹ
ɫԣõǵʣڣû°ɣ
û¡ֲ£̨类̫ÿԼ弦ˣģһֳڱϵϽ̫ˡ
òˣ꺭һ˿٣죬ؽЪЪ
˵ͷǰѵе˰㡣
㿴ңҿ㣬ţҲ̫ˡ
Աߴ
ȥҲ̫ˣһ뻹ȵòУһҪ±Ƶġ
겻Ѿ˺üˣȥ˶Ҫûˡ
ǰϽ꽵°ɡ
ϵƺȻֲ֪ȥˣʵúܣ̫Ҳˣ֮ǰգҲá
ǱĪ⡣
ԶȺҷߵ꣬һǰһ뻹ڰգһסˣ˰
٣ȥ򡣡
˵Ҫһбˣ֪²
û˵Ⱦͱȣ˭˭һүһүһ˫

ں͸꺭һۣ˳õ߿ȥ꺭ջ٩˾䣬ã㿴ʲôأ
˧绹ܿʲôôֵ˵
꺭Ц£ջĿϣüŪ۵˵˧ǸӰɡ
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ġŨŨЦ⣬˵˵ˡ
꺭
˻׷ȥۣԼ˴Ȥҡ
ڣ꺭ѧˡ
˵ȥڵ
һĶ㣬Цû֦Ҳߵ鷢Ʈڴ϶ûȥЦתöòͶĿ⡣
Ͷ˸򣬺˿߱·°ڲ˰ϵĺÿŶ¶¼Ȫˮšͷһ࣬˳ſԶ
ŮЦûûΣͬڽڱˡɫ΢߸һĨȺ콻֯ϼá
ԾĹ´ջ߿̺ĳҲˡ
еϢüЦŹһţ˵ǲˣ
̺˳һƿˮšߵɵ˵ǲ˲Ҫ
δϱǾˡ
żɱս⻰תܣԽ̺ƿۺ棬֪ڿʲôĵġˣɵĶ˵Ĺ
-
ֹͣȻͰˣϼѤٳգĬתȦ
꺭ãЩԥʳˣãǲϲѽ
šô󷽷ĳˡȫûŮɬͱŤ
ûӻš
꺭ΧۣС˵ãҶ졣ģ㻹ǵҸڵһδĳ𣿡
ֻ۾ǲǵˣǵĻ
꺭Ǿã֮Ӳģͬϵأǵϵϣ̫ˡܿĶȥˣΨϵϡ
ͦģͷ
ã˵Щǿ㣬Ȼʶʱ䲻İڵڴ㻹ڣҶϣˡ
ãҾ꺭˵еæһ䡣ôӳһʼ棬ѾˣΪ仰м϶
˦˵֣Σˡ
ϲǷҪõǸϲĽݡٳȺֵܵ꣬˧Ҷϲ½
½Ʀ˧Ʀ˧ģĺζҲҲͣҶϲ
꺭һ
˰׸ˡ
˫ðǣֱĶſԽԽȥڰ˳ֵ㡪
û˵꣬顯һ
ãȻѭ쿴ȥ֪ʲôʱɹˣ˼£ڽűߡ
꺭öһ
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-
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µһҪʼϰˣʦڣ޷ǷΪ֣һѧôҲסѧѹҲѧ
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ǸûʲôƢˣһȥȺѧϰõҲмּɵĵĽ硯
ﻹѧϰΧ
ڼҲĺӢ΢õ㣬Ҳģһץоȵģرġ
Ǹδϴȥ칫ûɹƽԽԣڸܵ˾޴ѹ
Ҳܲ
ôùС˵۾еɬ̧ͷڣҿ첻ʶˡ
ڿһۡ
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Ĭ˻תͷǡҲ
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ۡ
ڳ·æתͷǸ۾ô˵
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ôˣ
󡢺洫ģø㡣ƾЩҿڣ˵¡
ڽӹһֻҩ࣬βʲôġ
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ģ
ںɵתôչʣʲô
ҩࡣ
ò죬˭ģ
ҡͷ£һ˿ȷ˵Ӧ𡣡


7 
ʱܿ죬һε˾Ѯǰһ꣬ήòУУ׷ϡ
ŵ㵽˽ңֻмߵλóӢСʱ꺭ò
ƽʱڶŵе죬ʣô磿
һ֮ڳڵƤĻ˾䡣˵ϼ﷢һսòӳ
´ͬ賿Ż˵ƣģϺ·϶пںӡܰݣ˳úף˭Ҳ˭ˤӵġ»Ա˿޸ͣ
´ͬˤŶֵȥ庢ӡ
϶ĵĳˡ
䣬¡
ЦЦû˵½Ŀ鱾ϡ
棬ǽλãϰԵİ鱾ȫóѳɸ¥аȫУʦԼ
ϰʦûڣ˸ûʲô˼ɵĴóţ̺
緹𣿡ڡ
ʻãһʲˡߵôæʱ緹·ֲ֪ʲôȥˣȫ˻緹¡ζڱǼ䣬ûס̿ˮ
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ˡĶӣգˮĴ۾
бﵽûü˵ϾͶһͣţ̺˶һ̧ͷ
ӡǸͬѧǺܸߣƫݣƤףĿ㣬ɫмֲȻڣģ϶һݡ
˵˲ûӰˡ
ѧһ£ڿ˵Ŵ£ǸͬѧԲҲ֪λġһʱЩãȻϵֿá
Ҳڿ۾һ֪ʲôܰ㣬С˵֪ˡ
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ĸ˼
ǸûЩż֪װû

ֲ˧粻ȤһҶ˵ӣԭûϡ
ڣ
꺭תӻϲ˼
ڱˡ
꺭ʼ磬ջסС˵ڣϲ£㿴㳤ôÿڿˣƴ󣬷ף۾󣬻࣬ᣬûйѾӦ³Ϊ½໨ˡ

˵Ӧ²ù˵ģӦ³úããɼã˸߲ʵĸо͸Ǿϵ㣬ңɼͲһˣžͺб
-
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ڵǲУֻɡһеĿ½ʣͬѧҪҰУҽ𣿡
½ü⡣
۵˵۰ɡ
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£Ķȼ˵㿴ڹжˡ
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Ц߸Ĵָţƣ˲ţ

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պôӺŽ̺ЦᶼˣüСַʲô裿
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ٵ΢ߣɤӷʣ֪
ϰµģСƵĵͷ
ĿתЦԽŨ̲סʲô
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ȥ˾֪ˡ
ڲ֪Լô칫ҵġ
ƽü۴ЦڸӦ½ʲôˣæ֣ˣ
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ƽ豭˿ڣΪһһȵûˣڸеһǸһд򣬶ҪŬΪ߶һҲǰе
ʱ䶨¸µףҪලӵѵԼĺڹӡ
-
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ûǳˣԸ̲סЦϧ̫ϧˣʱûڳ
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̺Խ˵Խ̫˼ˣûʶ˵ܿ˼ģ½ϣΪ˱˹ԡ
ǵЦûˣ
л˵
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ǺܾãˣǺȣҺϲ£ֳдҪϲ͸ˡ
л
-


8 
Ӧ¸˵ĸоȷʵЩ룬ЩĽͬѧ˵һϵ
Ӵ˲֪ͦõģҲû˵ǰ߲ʡ
˴Ӱ칫ҳȥСӦƿţ̣Ҳ˼Сʳ
˵ʱӦŸˣǿڲ˼󷽵˵ͬѧ´Ҿˡ
ЦŻأð
ţ̸㣬ӻͦúȵģӦµһƿڣʣ֮ǰǼģ
ࡣ
ȥӡ𣿡
ҡҡͷȥսУԺʦԳɼͻͬѧûôע
ʲôʱûһӡҲûע
Ӧҧ˵ȥҲʱѵȽ껹ǵʵȥĴСҲҸģǰģӦû̫ϤԱУӴ඼ǰģ½Ƕӳ̺ƣҴϤ¡
ڵͷ
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ͻһ仰е£̧ȥЦЦǵһô˵ҵġ
ġӦ˵žͺбСܹһֻ
Ҿ͵ǿ佱ˡ̶ദ𽥷ɣӦ˲˵㳤Ҳܺÿޡ
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Ҳǡ
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Ҫ˵ķȫһߵһ쳣ĺг˵Цġ
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Ӧ±ʦȥ˰칫ңڽҵȻᡣӺ˲˽ѧ¥
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ʱ߹ɨˣͣ٣ɫøʲôƵģˣԷȥ
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½ıӰ룬Ҫ׽Ūңֺαء䲻Сһ
Ӧ±߱ʣڣǣš
ץץͷѰ˼²˵
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ӦһѰţѽȻỹ¡
֪ʲôʱǰļ̺˵ʳõĺóԣ
ֲǸǮ԰ײԡͣò˼С壬³һӶԲ尢𡣡
䣬ഺ٣ͣˣת塣
Ūڶ䷢ա
һ˽˹ݣѧУԶӻͲƷͿԿѲͣӦµҲˡ
˺ܿˡ
źͮͮԣڵӼݽţܣ̺۾ɴ󣬡ô
ҲǺɡڼһӷ˽̵˵
̺żһæ³ˮһĹ࣬ºήˣ˶ûˣ˵
Ц
ЦЦ˵һ崿ɵӣû뵽ܳô
Ӧٴֶޡ
ڣˣȴҲչηԵñȽ죬£ʱȽϽֻץݻ߷ѧʱϹˣԽ˻ᡣ
ԽԽǢҲͬѧԷͷĴѲҲûڡ
Եͬѧ˴ֱۣѹżţ쿴Ǳߣ½ǣ
˳߿ȥڡ£ôһԷ˵Цġ
ӦǰгĸŮߣû뵽ôеĸڼвˡ
Žſ߬߬ĵֻ
ţ˵ǲۻˣӦԱŮ˭ôû
ʶźܿʰ߹ȥȵĺ˾䣬ڽ㣬ҲԷأ
еĿⶼˡ
ź⣬ͷ˵һΪء
ûҲûʲôӦӦ¿ǷӦеȻڵãǾԼˣкڵѽԷҪһ飿
˼룬ߵͬѧЩ˷ܡ
ڲ˵ϵ˾Щ̫ˡ
ֻ֪ĻɢĿαЦµĿֻʲô
ڶģںò׻Ⱥ֮У϶ȻάԼ
֪Ƶվһ˵ţʲôʱˣҼǵֻ֪һá
ŵɫ˲콻֯ҵĿһϵˣֲᣬû˵Ӧ˵
ڣ𣿡
䵭ֹϵ˵ǡ
ŵĹϵһ᲻ãڳ¼Ҳû취£Ǿˡ
Ӧ±ܿ죬ӷ̵ڵװʲôСС;ôĻ
֪롣ߵͬѧܲˣᣬӲߡ
ſڣһͷתֻ򿪣ڰ˺üƬ
-
壬ϰѧںӦһԼල˳дҵ
Ӧµĳɼܺãһڻռ˱ľʣܿˡûʲôҲġ
ɫӦ½˸绰﷢ʲôҪŻȥڰοϽȥ
УǾˡȻ˭ؼңһ˲ȫ
ûµġ
Ӧ˺ڽűĺӢģںҪ¿һ뵽˶ˡ
ڵһ죬ûһɢˡ
˵ؼҡ
æ־ܾ鷳ˣҼҾԱߣһûµġ
·˰ϵĺڣССһŹ⣬ż־нͿ
ƿˮšͷ˼˵֮С
߰ɡ
ӦµУ֪£߬ϵһľУ԰
£һһСһһ·ԵζкŲŮŮȴߵøˡ
кεЦˣתùŮ米ţסǰߡ


9 
֪֮䵽׷ʲôڻصҿһƬǽ壬ӵţƬ
һŰŵɳϣתȥ̨ɨýɾ
ֱ춼˺ܾãͳ´ͬһûڶӶòУȥԣҲû˴ţһʱֵڡ
Ҫƽʱ»Կܰŵúܴ󣬻ģһû˼ɣû徻ѧϰ
ҲûĽˣﳣߵģǽ㣬طŹŲˣܻܵС˵Ҳ˭Сʲôġ
ͷ
Ȼа룬Ҫһֱͺˡ
Ϊʲô˵аأʵ֪ͳ´ͬˣҳúףȻ֪ʲôԭ򣬵Ի˽⣬һ鲻ô֡
ڶ¥¿齫ݵİ̴֪ȷʵ´ͬһĴų»Իȥˣʲôԭ򣬿СֹʲôҲû˵
ڶȹһڵĩ
ĵǹúܿ죬һֵһƸտѧˣʦγ̵Ľͬʱϰ֮ǰ⣬ΪںҪ¿߻ɰν񣬼ලУӵ
ֱεĸо۲š
գ۾͵մ˷ŹĹ⣬ֻϰΡ
Ҳڲٳţи˺ܾãʳ£˵ǲǶһ٣
ţӦûô
ͨ⼸ĳϦദ˵ĸѸ£ûʲô˼ģ˵˱飬ҲﲻʲôæûǶŬӮҲǵû⣬û͵
ǲ˵Ӧ£ⶼµˣȣһ紵ƽķƣƮյ鷢󣬡ҪԱ˼ͷӮˣĽǣ൱ںڰɣرǵ죬ͺʲôͻҪȥͽӵġһʱʱȥ޴룬ҸԱǲ칵ͨҲ㣬ʵҲ൱ǡ
ڵͷ
ӦǸɵˣڳֵĲٳҲעھûôǿĶˣʱʱ񣬲ĴҲѾ֪ˢһԾ
̧ͷ¾첻֪ʲôʱˣ̺Ц˵ˣôù˰ǣ׼˱𣿡
Ͻģտ
䣬¶ɫЩüٳԵˡ˶ҪģС
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Ӧüֺܿɿʣʲô𣿡
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ӦһʱҲΪѣɿ˿Ĺ
ߵߣȻĽӹţƫͷü˵ԸҪ˶á
漴ǰߡ
ں棬̵ţ䣬Ц˵ò˼ʲôʱҲһΣ
̧ͷײԴϷʵĿ⣬Щգ죬Ҿһ
֮Ǯ
νʼ磬ǾǷš
ڣ
ʲôʱǮ˵

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ȥǳȥǼտ꣬û¾ŵһɹ˵ζˮҪˡ
һʮҵķޣдš
ڣ˺üѣӦִСһ𳤴ľ͸˵ˣ֪ôдԸʲôȲĵˣϰļ
в˵𣿡ʡ
ϰ˻ŷӦϹ˿ˣʲôʱù˵
𽫲˵ƵǰʲôԼ㣿
ƻȥ˵ùˣ˵
üѹֻ˵ȻҲ֪ϲʲôҪһһݣ
ǷˣҲٶ㡣

ڲĿ֪ΪʲôҪ˵
۾Ǳ׼һ˿̬䣬ֱţ¡
治ˣʡ
ҡͷ
Ҳû㶺ˣ˵ݻϰֿͷ˼ˣһ㡣
Է̺졣
տóԣҲ֪˭ĳԷһħʲôֻҪһӣ㣬ڶûո˵ζ
ȥˣʶ꣬ĿĴѲˮ
ҹɫŨ˸һڽֱߣԣҿ˺ܶ꣬ǳζãʱλˣֻ棬һһģ·ϳϢ
һо
ߣߺűơƣһĵúܿģһȦûˮܸղŵĺˣϰæøƵģҲ˼
תͷͿһȪˮ
ϲִ㵵Ŀ
Ͷ㳦ˣţģǵĻƲס
ڸмĽӹССڵĺȣȵüˣʪ·æֽݸЦʣ˸𣿡
¹ĳ£һ̵ŮǶһ⣬ЦûӻջĿڽֱߡ
ȴһϤĳ
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ųű򿪣´ͬƹͷ򿪸ʻţһźɫȹŴ˵Ů˴ӳǵϳ´ֱͬǰϴԡߡ
ھͶϲϡ
ȻСʲôΪֻͨĳܣȫû롣
ôӦ֪ˡ
ڴһʱ֮䲻֪ʲôζֱտ˼ſڻججġ
Žݡ
㻹֪ôû棿ǻףһһƤ
ʲôʮ°㣬㶵վشȻŵˡ
ư𣿡
ڷӦָԾ߬½ǣƽƽ˵ʦҼලУӵŻˡ
˵ͬѧȥտˡ
￿ɳϣŶȣ黨ͺɫӣ΢͹µĺۼͷƤţЩңϴһ˿
Щˡ
ûƣǷӵĳãҵƻ⣬Ҳп¹սõġ
ڲ֪ʲôľګŲӣһһͣǰ
վʲôҲû˵־һ⡣
ֱˣŨŨĴ㵡ƫĳ»ԣƢҲãӡû֡
ڳ´ͬǰСΪиŵĵطпȷԣôرҵģ
˵Žֻصڲ輸ϡ
ֻȷ·ˣܴۡŻȥӡһƬԱߣĪеǡ
˽˳ԷƬ
ڶСĺţҲ죬ɫ΢ЦŲ֪˵ʲô
ӣֻ󴦡
ȷʵᡣ
һ˿ִֺ棬Ż䴽˵Ҹֻͨͬѧϵ

ͷƣ·˵ƾʲôңƾʲôʲô֪´ң
ӰζȻЦˣĿԽڴĿĳǣʲôϵûУҴˣȫҵĴ˰ɣ˵Ъ˹Ѹ»̱ڵϣ˺Լͷ֪ڿ޻Ц
ڳױŵˡ
ġ
ӦϤ׽ˣ֪ʲôʱʼԽԽİ֪Լ裬ϥ˸ֽ䲻ȥ
ϻۡ
л˵
ڣůС


10 
ճڷŹӺǷɻȥڳһĻĻԺвͣӳ
ִ˴
ܿ쵽˻һͿڳˣѵøһ˿Цݣɱܹȥ
ԶԶ˼ҹŮԼܹЦԽŨֱſֱ۰˸
磡
㣬ҪǸûסˤô죿𱸵
תֱۣŲӲסҡ
ڳĵ˵ͷ
ۿ磬˾ͽ˸ԷҪƽʱڿ϶ؼҡѧûʲô㻨Ǯڱõö࣬´ͬӻǺܿõģżְӦòȱǮҲûҪ
ɽʵڲȥ֪ôԡ
ûô˯ϵľɫԽԽԣ·𱻳˰㡣˿ëǷôˣ
Ϊصúܺã
üʣ£
ԣ͵ҡͷֽ죬һȿ޻ѿЦݣʲôѽ
ľͱЦͷĿᶨᣬ˵ڸǰʲôǿ
˵ɣʲôˣ
ôһ˲ҪŲסˣգգɬ۾źصı硯ǰĳڣûѪԵϵȴѪԵϵ˸ں˽
ͼգʣ»۸ˣ
ҡͷ
ǵ㲻ʲô˵׳»ֻǸСԵ˽Щ᲻Ͼû¡
üͷ˼СƵ˵ø²£ǿɰڵʲôί
ںȻЦˡ
ѴЩ½ͽͣԶԶģȷľ
Сﳤˣˡ
ʹ˻Ҳû˵ģΣǾֻ˶Щĵ¡
ȥ˵ǡ
ץ޺˵һץһ׼֮ǰҲһٵѧѣڵѪں濴һٶץɹˣ˵
ض֮е¡
̫ˣͣĶųڴʺƨһ·ϱıġѧУΪˣû뵽ڣǸ˸ߴ˾ֹǡ
˵ֱۣ⣬֪˵ʲôЦñȻá
ԾšüջĿ⽫ʣһˮĿȪˮƿ⣬ӽ˲ԶͰ
תߡ
̺ͷԣȥɶȥ
ؼҡԼࡣ
˵ȥҼҴϷ̺Ʋץץͷ˵Ů˵Ƣñ죬Ҳһ
ȥˡ
磬ûɡ
˵̺ƤԸһؼˡ
Ǹ֪ԵŮˣкƺ˰ȥ𣿡
˵žȥˮ
̺Ƶɵˣ˶Ļأţµ׸һи
Եˮӳ
̱ô
裬¥衣ഺڵкڱڣɫƳ˵žͳ̺¥ߡ
ϴڵ羺ϷһʼǾܾģ̺˹
𻰲˵ȫŰʹ顣
磬Ҽǵû㰡ôϾɱ𣿡
磬磬鰡
磬ҴˣҴ𣿱ɱˡ

-
˹ҲȥѧУ򣬱Ͼĵһˣ˭䡣
Ȼڻˣʱ˼ΣڻǲڼȥѧУҲûʲô˱̫ɹɹ˵ӦѵСʦţʱʱ䣬˵׻׬ˡ
ڴϾͽ˺ü绰ʲôͬѧͬѧģ޷Ǿǳȥ棬һһܾˡ
״˵磬ȥɣҵȻҲҪȥѧУ
ȥѧУʲô̧ͷ
µгһеʦҼලУӵѵ
ҲǰбҵģȻ֪˵СȻǵðֻţ㡣
ڵͷ
˵޷ǾǻطдҵͦҸģѧУӦ£ؼгָ
ǾԸѵԸģŮһŲ֪
ͷӣڵĵ绰ˣһǳڷĶţ˵ˣϵѧУſڡ
ɲɣҲչˣ̺ȻȥԿѼ
ȥɣ˵꣬ھͿУſڵĳڸ֣ü۴Цĳ˵Ȼȥˡ
˵гﳤȥɵˣ̺ȷӦԲۣ
̸ˣ
ΪȻĽӵ׷ô̸࣬ʲô𾪵ġ
ȥ̺ƻĴУƽʱŹɱ֣û뵽ô󡣡
ջĿᳶ´Խˡ
ȥģں溰
ؼҡ
˵ȥԿѼ𣿡
û顣


11 
̺Ʒ⼸ԽԽ׽͸ˣץץͷ׷ȥүôûˣ
˦šƿǣͷ࣬ͼĲʳ̫ˣˮ˳
̺ƶ˰Ρ
ôÿתͷ̺ơ
٣㲻ᱻʲôħ˰ɡ̺æһһէģֱ𣬡ֲ첻Ծ
뷨еģֻϲŮġ
ݸһǰ׳𡯵ǰߡ
һ̺ƤЦ׷ȥ磬治ȥԿѼˣ
ȥˡ
ǳʲô
ʺ
ңʲôʱ趼ô飬̺емܲסˣ̣ô
佫ˮʳóڲ輸ϣ˵ôˣһԵ֣ҪúϧҾͲҶǸʱúõûϵˡ
Ϊʲôϵˣ̺Ʋʡ
һæҪҪչ˼ָͥôԶôʱ䡣仰ź
Ĭ˻̺ƻǲ⣬ôæҲϢʱɡ
ҡҡͷ˵ҲҪбҵˣͬһѧͲ˵ˣҪǲܣԼҲ򵥣ʱ֪ˡ
ѧʱͣʲôһ桯֡СƢܳСƺ«ƵģƽʱǶൣ
⻰˵Ŀˣ̺һͷûӾ˵ˣǶϰˡ
ڰӵǳ˳飬
ԣϵЦԽŨСȺáϣʱϴѧһ𡣡
ǲУҾǸ׵ġ̺ƻ֪֮ġ
˵ʱǿһ
̧̺ͷԼģϾû˵
ͷ
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ҪȥȥҲǲԡ
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Ҫ춼ͺˣˢʱžеԼ롣Ҫ̫ڼʱˣ˸վͬһսߣ˸ҵ»ҲôԵ
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磬ǲǿԿˣ˷ܵȥڳſڿ˳ڡ
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Ӧ°յԸԴһתҾ˵ôô̸ѡ
̺Ǹɵӣ˵ʲôԽԵԽ档

ڻûü˵̺ܹȵ˵ʲôأҴ˺ü磬ǲҰɣ
ľ㡣Ӧڵ߹ȥһ

װ޹̺ơ´βȷͱɣǵģܻڵ
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Ź⣬Ӱ涼䣬һȺкв֪˭ַڴϵڴ˴ͬʱ٩˵һ䣬˵һȻеڶ䣬һʱոǡ
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л˵
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12 
ļĹΣһ˿ǵ䣬ΪҪ´ֱ꣬һҲû¡
峿ˣڲŵ㵽˽ңʪĿ͸΢ŵĴƻܿƵĴ˸漴ȥϡ
ͬѧ½½ԾĽ鱾óʶдѧϰΧŨ
˭·ÿһ༶ð˶֪Ҫ¿ˣʱűܱȲĺá
ơѼе̣ζû˵̲ס˼飬ָɣˮ׼ȥӵˮ߾ѹ˷ܵڣˡ
Ŀ𣿡ڲȥͬʱʡŹ֮ǰþ˵ȫҪȥΡ
ҪȻǸԲѧУ˧
¡
ҲЦЦĵĽ
ûðξˣŽߣڽ̨£ĿѲȫô򣬡Ҫ˼ҲŶˣ쿼һҴ˭Ҫ˰༶ȡ


һ ˣӦ¹һϲæͣĶˬӦˣֳ˽ҡ
ĿһĻĪζ
ڵûô࣬ʮӵļ϶Ҫ˵࣬СŮĪǰѡԵģȥɲȥǿɿصģ߾ͲһˣۿŶԽԽ
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ֻҪ۸õһȥ
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꺭С˵˵飬²Ҹղſʲô

ǰĹθĳǣֳԷ꺭˴ӸղǸǶȥȻˣ˵ֻûɿ
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Ҳ֪꺭ʿˮ˵ֻû뵽ǵôʳ
鲻Խһܶ˵
꺭ڴС
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ΪʲôҪڲ
¼磺ϲ˾֪Ϊʲôˡ
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䣬ϳ°ͣﷺ⣬˵Ҫ½Ҵ󣬵ԥһ붼Ƕ˧Ĳء

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Ҫ¿ϵϰȡˡֻڿξͷѧɲɣڱ鵽ࡣ
ģʽǰͬǽ˵ֶд÷ţɲÿ˳
ҪЩҲû취˭ԼùءڱȥɨصģȴѾʼɨˡ
ĿѲһȦɨˣӺڰҲˣǾֻʣӺͲЩػ
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ʱһŮͬѧЦŵ٩೤ɲֹһŮǲǵһͬʰ
ԣ۱ɨصͬѧԴǵ˵˼ģ߿ͷ󣬲ȥӶϧˣ
վǹ˼ģ
ǼүǣڰĲڰ壬ɨصɨأЩŵĻŮȥӣ
ڰԵһã˵⻰ܾͳˣһ쵼ħ
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ھ֪鲻ô򵥣˹ʣôл㣿
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ټУ԰õʣ΢ӰζкŮš
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Ů˻ͷк۲٣䴽Ц˵̲ɣ
ôʳк۾ݽȥ˰㣬ʹͷ
л˵
ϲĵղۣոֻʱдòûأ


13 
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ʧ֮е£Դģ۾ɬڴŹǷȥϴ
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ʲôң࣬漴Աһ꣬˵ľ˵Уɼǵֻҵģǹİ༶ļ𣿡
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״õЦˣҲǰˣǰ˵鷳æڵĳɼ
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һ䣬һ˲֪˭˵˾䣬ǰɣƽʱŲǺŬܿ̿ʦѧϰ̬ȶţҪѧϰôѽ
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󣬾һѶѵ
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ܸʲôһѽ͸½ǻ쵽һ飬˵ʲôȥˡ
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ŮбҪ𣿡
֪ʲôʱڹˣվں棬ûǰƵõţղŵһ˲ҡ
ԭز֪롣


14 
ڳ˽ң߱˵˵Ļϣ͵Ƿƨ
òЩǳ฾˵˵˵׻Ǽʱˡ
ԳһЦʲôֵñ˼ʵģ
ܶడҲû룬㳤úÿԸãҶϲ㡣
¿ɼƽʱĿ̿ŬͶѧϰ̬Ȳȣںܿ챻ȥ˰칫ҡ
ڰƽУûѧϰôרע͹ɣһȻԾ˲鷳ȥȫ鿴˸顣
û⣬Ǿ͸벻ͨˡ
ƽѧû˵ѧɣ̬װĸʦĲǻ۽𾦣˵ѧɣɼְ
ϸһֵͷɨɨԾðſڣ֪ʲô𣿡
ڴͷֲҶؽ΢ָûصһһµָ
֪ɲҽӻ
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15 
ദȷһ£ǵģͬ
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16 
һδƽһ
ģ˽½ǲϲڣȻôᾭôƤЦȻ֮ǰ½Ҳŵ춺춺ǸҲûֻһ˶
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˵ʦһСֲ֪ˡ
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쵽ſڣڿһϤˣ߽˷۾ûǳš
ſʲô
ˮݣҲǸԼίܵˣ¼ǻҲӻĻùϵˣͷϣ뵱ˣѾߣʲôռϷ硣
»ĵ˵´ͬεϲţһҪùϵҲô
ڳ¼֮Ϊʼղճ££Ϊô˳϶
ͷͲһˣֱӰѳŵ
ʱǵųŵֱۣЦ˵Ⱦ˰ɣߡ
˲ʯˡ
ΪʲôһҵһͶе⡣뵽⼸֣ŭա
ںš
£ſһҲ⣬ǴǳǳЦ֮ɫ
ģ࣬Ķųţһһ˵
ϵЦⷴһ㣬ûʲôӦߵ򱧲ƽв
û˵ͱֹˣ̧ͷֻһ䣬Ҳ֪˵ʲô
ߣǰһվˣ
ʲôŽ޷󣬺ЦΪʲôҪ飿û¡
ڳ˳ֻ
˫ֱأȻ˵ͬ˵˵˵û飿ûСҴûܣǲǿˡ
һµÿŪˣԭ⣬ʱǹ㣬˰ɢҥԣ̰ڣֲҸղŵһɳζԭǴܳģŻ
˵ô񶾵ĻҿǼںþˣñÿĶǿˣòǻϲ½ɣ
ĳ˲ŭˣ񾭲˭ϲǲѧĶ棿
ȴϱ˾棬״Χ۵ļ˷׷Ϊõ½šüӰ㣬һһֵĴĳѧ棿
űŵȶˡ
˭֪½ǣУҲûúŵү
û뵽ᱻַʽŭЦŲһ䣬ţϲֳɼó˧ϽĿ
ĵĳ˲ɫ
ɲɣӰ칫ҳĿһĻЦƵĿһۡ
˴̼㣬ˡ


17 
ҥԵʱһ䡣
һһŴų˳ϲ𣬿ڼȺ֮ӵȦʣŽ˼ҼͼӴ׵˵
Ҷ̸飬ǽͷݰ㵹˹ᵽţͱⲻ˵Ϊʲôôɵ˻ǮûӣûҲ̫ˡ
ܲ۹˵Ĺٺüˡ
ֵڣдҵ̲ס߸衣ذʱһţתͷüһ½
ţ½˹̧ͷһɢüƦЦţֱ
üͷøˣ㷳
ôˣβλεĵϷ
ûܱܲôɣ
ɣ½ַںػ¾αһµĽȻȻִȥˣڲãܣ׷Ŵȥ˻ǰ㣬˵˾䣬ɰ鷳
šü
½˿ԱߵĿλ
򴽣ٸعͷ˼ѧ½йϵ
ûϿΣ˵תѧˡ
ֱһڿˣЩĲɣ˳ܹ˵ڣ˵ûתѧˣ֣áǳʲôʲôԸû𡣡
ڰǰʺˣ¡ΪѿģЦˣԱߵλҲճˣ˵Ҫȥʦ£
һʱûתʲô
ңûʸͬ˵껹˴
ЦЦ
ô£
𣿡ʼ磬ɵʲô£ѽߣȻóԵĲ˶ˡ
˽ѧ¥ͿǰΧһȺˣ㣬Ǳߣ߱˵ʲôˣߣȥ
èǰꡣ
ͿιһŮǰ󣬡裬ˣ㲻Ҫתѧ
¿ɼ½Ǹ⣬سص¡´Σ´һҸ㱣֤òãҸϲģһʱ˼ǣмƻδңǻῼһѧʧ
ʧ跴ʣѧڳɼֹǰˣ˵ǸŮûϵ
ǻῼһѧʲôβĳɼܿصѧŬŬ985/211⣬أ
ζʱƿԡ״ε˵裬һŬҲŬһϰġ
϶Կͬһѧ㲻Ҫתѧòã

ֱʦͬѧǲ͵ɢˣô꣬˵ﲻȥѧ̸ȷʵӰѧϰ̫ˡ
˵˵סܸܵమģУ԰ֿģӦñɢ
˵మģҲģγɼΣرǸսеʱ꼶ǰʮ͵˰λҪ˵һûӰ𣬳أɼòһǰ㣬Ҫ뿼һѧ̸ףǹβҪǰ;ˡ
ʳһ˵¡
Ϊɣһɾøϣ׵۹ȥ˸Ӧðԧ죬ҵ໥ϲ˶಻ףһҲֻ˵İ㣬㣬Ӧ÷ڸоͱӡ
һɾ̫ʵˣɼô̸ʲôһѧͶʲôɬ¶ӦѧϰΪȷḻԼȥѰϵꡣ
û˵ҪȫԼˣһӦ¾ˡ̺ҲԱλ
Ӧ¾Թ֣ﲻס̧ͷ˵ʵҲò̫ʵɼãǶõĻɡĺѡ·ͬɢˡ
ҲáСͣҲȷʵ̫ˣ̫С
һǰ;ѡ⡣ӦºֱֱҾöԵ˲ӦΪһѡ⡭ɡ
ڣأֱ۹˹
˫۾৿
ںҡҡͷҲ֪
бɫؿһۡ
䣬ϼƵһѹŵҪؼϴˢһ顣
ֱϰҲС
صҵĵһǳԡңɾ·øëͷϵˮ飬ɳɳϵ迴̧ͷ˵ֵúܣµô˵ôöͣ
𱡴ţûӦ
˻˵ˣ鶨˾ѧУ˵ǰһ׼
š
תң̺ǵϷ룬һʹ賿뱩꽻֯ţඹڵϣһһˮݣˣְ㡣
ֻ˱ڵƣ߻谵αϣƣ̫Ѩ˯ȫޡ
ﲻܿƵĸְǼ¡
ıҹֽд¡
˵ϲǰ;ɼãĿԡ
ˣ廪
л˵
ǰ;ͻԵӦվǰ;
ǣĸƳٵ賿vִӴ
׶Ҫ֧ѽhh
-
Ԥġݡ
֪ʱ鱦ȦðͷϯʱƷƷ῿ʲô
ԼҲ֪
ɽ
ϼŵȨˣĮ󣬻һ񹲷ߵŮ֮͡
󷽷ĿţȴƵġ
¼ҲûӶģǼԴҲûԸοǻҹ
ûô룬ǧƽıס·ƽͺˣĺ̫ߵĴˡ
˵Ǯۿһͭζ
أţУϽȥ˾ƲǮƻ
˵⡣
أҲԸԣ
ֱлɽİ¹⼴عſЦԾʰ˼磬згдС꣬ԡ⻭ͼ
ĳоɽˮ׷ɫ°ʣ˭׼ˣ
ţ
xС


18 
ϰ껹ûͣ, ģžˮɺ, Ĺ, Ƕ˵Ұڽ
ûɡ
ʮеͣһ鷳ˬ죬˭Ҳ벻ͻȻһ꣬ӵļҳ١ۿΧͬѧԽԽ٣ڲ, ֪ûڼأžͼӵ·, , ܳ, ȥϴͺˡ
æס, ɶ㣿
ؼѽٲ꣬ε˵Ļţһܻȥ
, Ұˣʱ㵽⡣
, С
ʱôҲû뵽һ̵ս, ٲ껹ֲǧ򱶡
մõĹ⣬˳ؼ, ˵ݷִųţ΢΢ü, ʶŲ, ߬ϵ, ˣô
룬Ӧǳ´ͬͻˣ³ҲЩһСһ󳳣ϰˡ
ֻҪСĴصҾͺˡ
ȴôҲû뵽һֻ̤ſڣ¼ҶͷƵĳݺݵҪˣ⺦˾һﲻ㡣
ڱܵĶ㿪ʤ˵붼룬úܲҡ
¼Ҷָ׳սˣֻܶ㣬ļţ˭Ҳûֹ
´ͬڲԵϣһּ̣ʱʱڣüţ֪ʲô¼Ҷ棬Ҳ̰ţһһ£ԺܷꡣžվԱ߿ޣ۸úܲҵС
ٱվŻڵƹӳ£ɫƣ֪ղžʲôų»Եͷ
侲侲Ҿͱˣ޴ɶ㣬Աǻ˼һˣǸŮˣƽʱд棬ʶ죬ҲûĶ󣬼ᣬ̣Ҳ֪ʲôˣϰ׷ŴңȾҡ
İǣҳ¼ҹԺô꣬мˣȺǰ;£Ǵ㶼Ϊһ뵽ŮСļϵŮ¼Ҷͻðɡ
Ҳܴӣлú˵Свģӣ侲侲
Ҫѵ
ھӰ̵˲ˣٿӣȷʵ˰ý˵Ƕģľǲһ
ǳ⣬ݣҪŰӣҾֻܱˡ
¼ҶǺܴͳũҸŮûʲôĻֻʱת´֪ͬôˣ˳ӲŽܵһҲˣȻڸߵСȥɡ
ŹɹǸı䲻˵ģʱԶ㣬죿Ϊ£
ʱ¼Ҷˣ𣬡ʲô裿Ӳۣ˵žȥ
ſڣתͷޱĶڣ
ڲ֪ʲôˣܲǽȥˣ൱뻢ڣɲȥô죿
ھӰ̿ĵǣеʣӣ㺦𣿡
صͷ
ǰȥ
Ͼ㲻Ϥû뵽ϣڲָж̣᲻鷳
ᡣ
ھӰ̸˷Ϣǣڵֽӣ˵ôԣǳ¡˵Ѿ˴ǽģһ侲侲
¼Ҷղűǳˣŭԡ
ˣ´ͬվЦ˵öԣǽ⣬̫ˡ
ôͶˣŵúӶҽ
ġ
㺢ʵǿԵģּ˵ķʽഺģöԵġĳ˵˺һھӰףǸˣȥ˼Ҽ£ۿ͸ˡ
ڵսľĿһӡ
ǻ￪ʣ֪űд𣿡
ڴ㵣Ϊʲô
ͱװˡûķ˸ۡ
װʲôˣھúܺЦѲѧУ㿪Ǹ𣿡
˭˵˵ֿˣίøʲôƵġ
²òͷ£侲ķʣ壬壬ǾǸѧУ쵼ҵ𣿡
һʱ˭Ҳû˵ϵɫ΢΢ɶȷʵŵһ֮ʣûȥУڱôһ㣬֪ǲܵ¡
Ŷʱˣæָ𣬡ҪȻ֣ôܻᱻдˡ࿼ȥģõĸУͱôˣ˵ʲôҡ
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ðʵԭ˵һ취˵´ͬ壬أ
ҪԼ֪ʲôԭ򱻴˵ģҽһȥѧУʸѧУɣ滹нء
Ȼﾲú
ţ˵ʵ´ͬ˿֪ͣǹҲסôġ
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´ͬӣԽͷ˵ͻȥ˯˾ʹˣôҲѧУ𡣡
ų׼ˣܹȥվڳ´ͬԱߣֺõ˵󲮣ⲻһõģҲϰˡ˵ˣȷʵڵԭҪѧУҳ֣ŲСĵ½
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ڷҪҳ֣Ҳ½
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΢ЦĿ´ͬ壬ѧУֳҳϣΪŸͬѧҼ˵Ƕ飬֮ǰһλôƿĸ鲻ãܣҪˣ˵С
Ѱ˼꣬ʶ˶ֻֻ࣬ñ˿Ц
˵ûУżУ޲˹ȥ˺ڵ졣ڱס´δҲҲסˣЩͿ´ͬԣôȥ˵ЩŮСй⣬ôؼʱ̲ӡ
ۿų´ͬɫԽԽæŵųˡ
-
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š
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гڡˣһ㵱ۣԻԸϲϣͲ˵ˡʱ䲻ˣϽ˯
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겻֪ʲôʱͣˣ糿о˳ûؽĴһ˿
ڼ¶⣬Եɪһ£űӷ˸𴲡
ȥһ˯ⶼûУſ˻飬ſžſ˯ˣѾˣʱ껹ûͣȥϴ˲Żصϡ
ȥеĺȥ緹ľĺĸףڸһģûʲô˱š
ŵ㵽ѧУͬѧòˣһҲûǰʱˣܿϰ
ֱʱ½ˣûס࿴ۡ
½ɵģЦţǲǾø˧ˣ
ܡ÷˾䡣
½üȻش⣬еĿαϣһ죬ʲô߰ģǾǡ
ǡ
˵һ飿
Цţ˭˵˭ɵ
½ڿϣ۾ŸԽôǰɣ
ԱͬѧĿٿؿʲôҲû˵Ϸ㣬תơ
ٳٶҲˣ΢΢죬ѸתͿʦſڽʽʼĵһ Ρ
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μ꣬ü˹ȥУھܾˣ˵ҵûȥ칫ҡ
һϽȥشܵ
ڿЦãԻ˽ҽҵñ칫ߣһ˸к¾׼
ȵȡƽ̧ͷס
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ƽ´һƾ˵ʦ˵⼸Ͽ״̬ã
˲ˣǻش˵ӰôӦҿô㻻λá
á֮ãﶼزסЦ⡣
ʱĺõҵƽһæ֣೤㽻񡣡
ʲô𽫱ҵŻȥĿһۣ߹ȥʡ
ƽ½ӰͬѧϿΣ°ŸλãҸѧϰɼõĵ
ǸεӰЦţһ˿Ϸʣʦⲻ˵𣿡
ƶƽһۣһ֪㣬Ͽˣ˸Ҵˡ㰡ƽʱûӦöͬѧǣһɼ
¾ͽˡ
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ҪҳɼˣԷĻпŶȵģѾпɼ˵Ļ档
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ĻͬѧǵϲøոһϿεķ嵭ع鵽ԭ
ʮһ³ǻ䣬ʮа춼꣬͵ϮһСľ͸ðˡ
ܲңˣϿζ޾ɵģ˲ֱֽüͷҩ𣿡
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ˣ˵ȥҲҪԾһиЩŬͰ׷ˣҵд˷ҿľʡ
Ŷ٣Ҽ㡣
˵һʼΪѪڿ̫ϽˣڿڹˣЩȻ֪֪ʶʩߣǻõһûɺͣ
֪¿ɼ˵ҽ̣߱ϰ֪࣬ûͬ⡣иѵʦһҧѡŸˡ
Һæֻóͨĺ롣
[Ѿ͡ΪѣڿԿʼˡ]
ͷһˮīɽˮһֵʸУ֡ʱĸо
ڴ˸кҵˡ
Ǳأţǵóҩ
[롣ΪѲϢСˡϢ7죬Ҷݡ]
ڰҩóͨĸðҩģ̵Ľҡ
ľúöˣóҩӵõĳȥ
ʱֻˡ¡һ𷢹ģԵʱĸա

㲻ԡŵڶϢһû϶ûԣûôоѧϰ㵢ǰòˣҲѧˣпԶˡ
ͷˣѧˣ
ڴ˸磬ָڼصãҳԣͳԡ
-
ʵ֤ҩ˯һȲҩ˯һЧҪõö࣬ڵڶѾˣֻǱӻе£ļල£죬һѧУѾˡ
ϰҵԸڼûĶԵĹֽһ飬߽⡣
Сѧ㣬档
ŲŲӣʮĴڵαϣ΢㣬ü۵ǶȿСﴹͷ¶ѩѩ׵ľëܿһẹ̈ţ
æۣȪˮϹ˼ڣٿҿôˣԶԶдˣ̧ȥֹ
Сϸָʱ񴥵˰
̧ôˣ
ˣи򵥵ķҵùñڲݸֽддд˵ɫֵơ
ڴչȥ
Ǽһѣεܰ㣬»ʼ˶ּ
һھϲ̧ͷߵĻʻȥˣֱ۾գգ
ôǰû֣ϵζôˣӻؿʣôˣ
ж
ţͲӿҲ¶֣ɣǳЦʲô
Ĭ£ƽ˵ʺ
ǳ˳飺
л˵
ѧʱȱҸ𣬲Ȼôᱻ廪֮⣨ͷ


19 
, һڽ˾ȥóԷ֪ô, ʱöˡ
Ը, ֻɵЦ
һһ㶵ģôˣԱߵĸ꺭˵࣬˰ѻ깴ȥˡ
æֱӣãȻĿ
ڡʶ˸еģĵҹϷʲôġ⼸ϿС˵ˡ
꺭˵̯̯֡
ü, ÿһͷ˴ˣЦŵ٩Ӵ, ʳܽˣ
˳, þ˿С˵, ֮ǰ˵С˵ľʳ, 첻ͬʬ⡣
̧ͷ˼˵ңһĲҲû, ͰҸ꺭֮Ժˡ
˵Ǹҽ⡣
պֻ, ü, ô˽⣿
£Ҳû, ͸ҽ¡
Ҿûô򵥡
жิӣʦ˵ɼõͬѧ, ǰɼ, ڰһڷ, ʣô£
ʲôô£
С˵˵еġ
ѽҲ󣬺еģ˵ʲô⣬ҴϷ
ʣʶˣ
ˡ˵ҵģϸڡ
೤ۡ
ʲôòΪȻĵ˶಻ף˻ȥء
ڣûлۣûУסҵĻ
꺭ͣ˵е˵棬ѧУʲô˶У֮ǰǸŲǸ𡣡
ظ˵ǾͷһģҾûµʱģϷʲô뷨ûС
˺üͻȻ̫ڰ۵Ĺâһ ͷɹ󣬻˽ƣһһصԱȣŪͬѧϺڿʱ
߷Χڣڲи۾ֱĶźڰ壬˴ڿΣڱﲻס˸Ƿ
𿴹ˣ
ڱһ䣬صִ˸ǷƫͷСʣ㲻𣿡
ԭǰѧδûô
˾ſ˯ᡣͷ
һ㵣㲻Ҽо𣿡ȻҲ˵׼ȷ˵ʦ̫Ծˣ˵̬Ҫȥҹ͸ˡ
еһѿˣʱĺ
ϳԴխĿ²磬΢ţЦƫԣġ
ɫͳʮд͸ڶϷصӶʱ䡯һȣ˵ʲô
ô˵ˣ۵׵ЦԽԣɵķʣţ
ڲ
꣬һ޹˵˵⼸ֹԣ𣿡
ƿԡ
ôһ֣ѽеһ˿˯ⶼˡĶźڰ忴ȫ
ʧЦñͷ˴ֱϵ⣬ڡ
Ų
ִ
ͻȻƫͷٵȼһ˿С磬ûʣ㵽Ҫ
ٿ⸱ӵڡ
ƽʱܹԣԵûʲôڣֻŭСè䣬̲ס붺㲻Ϊ˵㳤ù԰ɡ
ĵڳĵһʱ벻Ӧô
̺ƺЦû뵽𡣡
ǡʱ¿ˡ
ʦʲô°㣬ܿʧſڡ
ͩԼһȥϲˬӦˡõλ൱һڶһμһˣԣҪôһȥٻأ𻹵ŽҵҪôͩһȥ
-
ʮһ£粻ˣڵԽԽ磬ϰʦһÿζڽţ˵˵ȥȫԾ
ʱ䣬ص㸨ڵʱ䣬ѵҵд꣬ʵڲľš
е˼·ҲдϣǴҲûϵʱ˲֪һˣΪʲôٶ֢ҩ
žҵÿĽ˼·渵¾ɵ֪ʶҲᷭٴι̡ÿϿף𽲴һˡ
ʱҧűʸӱ˼ͻȻȻ򣬶˵ŶŶҶҶˡ
šƿ͹˼ˮɤ˼˵ʦϿζǽµ֪ʶ㣬Щ˾ͿԸ˼·ˡ
еѡͷд˵
˾Ͳѡ
ڻߣͻȻһͰ͵ֽķĶߣϡ
ʶ˻һһ䣬һּûüתͷȥףʹչʣôˣ
ڽֽŸ֪˭ҹģ
𣺡ҵˣ
šǷί˵ˡ
˵ҿ
һƬɫ𽥼ùֽվѹŭ˭ҵģ
ֺĽ˲ѻȸ
̺Ʊˣ̧ͷץץͷ۾ʣôˣ
ͬǸźڿ۾ʱƣС˵ҿǱ߷ɹġ
ָָб󷽡
ŵǲѧϰģҲƤģϿλٳ
Ŀɨȥ
ͿǽԥԥվƤЦ˵೤˼ˡ
ɫûһɶ̬ǿӲǸ
ͬѧϵƽȣôһҪԷϾЩҲסˣڨڨЦţûҲû
ϾƽʱûһѧļӣҲûƲǣ˵ʦǰڻĴڻһϷҲܻ䣬Ϊ˲⡣
ͽͬѧǶźͷװҵʵڰע.ҩζһĻ
ᳶ˳½ǣ˼ˡӸоһҪҲ֪ʦʲôʱҪô졣˵Ⱥǲ꣬ǡ
˼롣
̺ɢĿαϣ˶ЦݣүҵŮͬѧˣ˵ԲҪ
ôһ廰ŵ˲ɢ
Ӻ߹Ц˵㣬С治ǹģԲûʲô°ɡ
û¡ڸ˹Ƶҡͷʿˮ˵ھˡ
õģڽ㡣

ںΣֲҷʲô֪һģƽʱ֮ߡ
ҪǰˣҲȥ׷ʲô
ܵõ䡮ԲմĹ⣬мĿһۡ
-
ϻȥڵϰھӰ̣ڹɵĴк
̺Ͱʣǲŷѧ𣿡
ͷţϰ
ϳˣ
̣ϸ߶ˡڻء
ھӰ̺ǲ죬ССһһΪϳء
ЦЦ
ôˣôһ˻ûмҳȥ𣿡
ţҳæ
ԷҲٶʲô֪һЩһ˿ۡ
ݿˡ
ڸ˸ټ
ûˣϴκ´ͬͻĹϵ񻺺ЩֺûУʱ䶼ûлҲûвһֱڸҲٸ
һصһţԼ˱ˮϣһóϰһ飬ôڲݸֽдϼ飬μġ
װãͷֻó׼سڵϢȴи롣
ǳƾһơ֡
ͷһҲ˽⣬֪ʲô˲ǵһμˣʶǰһ˾ܾ
˵ҪҸҽ̣ĩϰ࣬˵ǱҲҪõĴѧϸƣԺȥҲЩ
֪Ϊã֮ǰһʱ𣬾ûи˵£ڿ˵ˡ
ڻعģ
ϸָڼô򣬡ģ硣
ʲôʱƭ㣿
ǸͲˡûǮ˼ǵø˵
иѡڻء
ڣˣͬѧѰ㲹ϰ㲻ܾȻ͸Է
ţ֪пɼһġ
ʱ䲻ˣ˯ڹֻҺ˯ȥ䣬߱߻ӡ
-
ڶ첻֪ô£û죬ˣϴ¾ѧУ壬˺
ϰʦûڡ
ͩʣڣôô٣
Ϊ˵˯ͷˡ
ͩգգ۾˵Ӿˡ
Ӧöֻһùˣһ˯ǳһѹˣû뵽ˡ
ϰˣŲˣɫúܣѷ࣬һû˯á
ʣȥˣ
۾𣬡û˯á
̺ЦŽӻû˯ãһϷ˵Ŵ˸ĹǷ
ԣüֹ˵ˣٴϷرǰҹ岻á
ſڿϲ˯šһ
̺ƿڣЦŵ٩õúܣսҹ⡣
ֲɡһ˵
Ҳսҹ
ڲ
ǵ̺ᶼЦˣһŲˣЦ
ڲʲôЦġ
Ŀŵ˯˵ ΣѧһӢʦǿһʲôҲû˵
ֱӢζһ룬ڻۿں͵͵ýûӦߡ
ɫʮֲͷ̧ͷ˫С¹峺ٵ˲йˡ
ʣôˣ
һֱں濴˯ˡ΢ƫѹ˵׾ǵǡ
𹴴ЦЦû¡
˵ſ˯ˡ
ڣ
Ʈϵͷ⣬ɼþԡ
ֹһᣬؿڷڲž˳緹۵﷢˻
ӱ̧ͷʣôˣ
ûԷؿۡҲ֪ǲθƽʱû£һûһٲԷͼԷҲÿζø˵Ҳ֪ôڡ
۵԰ˣ˲˯ȫޣ𳯿һתͷ̺гԵû
һ͵ƿţ̵ڸǰϽһ档
ⲻǽʱæӹл
˶ҪЩ
˻ִ֪Ū˸˵Һöˣ㻹˼ҡ
֪ġ
֪ǿӲݾܾ˵˻ʲôܣϽԡ
ǣ˵ҰǮ㡣
ġš
û˿︺˺һ߶ʦһ˺һСٵһصһţ̣˲θ̹ˣҲˡ
ССһû뵽θڻССڵĽһ㣬գ۾ûʣˣɫҲָˡ
αϣתűʣʦ͵͵һڣֻæѲ̫ܵɰˡ
洽һ¡
ֱ̧ôˣ
۵һ˿Ϸʣ˳˵ں濴
𣿡룬ʡ
ܿˡ
ǵĻͽסˣʣµڿ鱾ѹţԹôң
Ĳ˵Ϊ㿴ˡ
ôĹĵ˵ٳˣžͽֱӺڰ塣

۵ȫŮ
ǵĻƲסĵ
-
ճԶץˣ¿һֱĵţúܴܱȥ칫ҡ
ȵĿζˣʳó극ûȵʦȥ칫ҡ
Ƕǲˡ
֪ȥˣ׼ſϢ
иŮͬѧڡ
̧ͷһͩǸŮͬѧۣʣôˣ
۽ƹȥָţǸܽ̽𣿡
ڴǵ⣬ھӵһ֣òǰʦŴԵĽһ飬ƻ˲١˼·ԼԼУǲó׳ˡ
ҡҡͷ
Щʧ˵ǸڣȻܰô𣿡
ڣԼѽ
¶ɫС˵ҽ
Ϊʲô
ҲңҾЩһ͡رչ㡣ڰﻰ˵ˡ
̹Ȼʣ˵ҽҵ𣿡
۵ͷ
ΪʦƽʱûҪɼõͬѧһɼ˵ȴҿʼϾͬһ㡣
ͷĴ󵨵ʣ϶ġ
մӺŽڵĻɫһ
л˵
ҷ
Ϊ˸㽲⣬Ҹȫ˽ˡ


20 
Ϊ֤ʵڻʵ, Ϊ˶ĿֻöͬѧĽ⡣
ģԽԽ
ϲͺˮʱ䶼, Ϊܴ, ʾ֭ƽ˸飬ڰ֯ѧϰС飬ɼõİί鳤ڿʱͬѧǹ̵ѧ֪ʶ
Ϊεƽ϶ֵ֧ġĴ£һѧϰΧۿɼԽԽ, ҲʼЧ¡
ԸоԼˣֹһ, ⲻǴ, Ȼеڴµ׵пˡ
ͬʱپ
ĸ˵һ, ܶණûѾ˼ȥ, ҪѧȥҹɣΣʦ˵ʲô, Ҳǿʦ˼·κٻμѧϰС, ˼ܽ, һӻȻ
ˣҲ˸Լʱ䡣
򲻵ѵʱ, һ㲻ǰռ̫ʱ, ֪ôл
һûǮĸ, ͨ䲻, 
ڻμпԼҪ˾Էһ򲽣Ҳ롣
һֱǮš
μͩһȥ˲ҪȥСӲͷƤܾˣԸˢ⡣
ˢˢžϿˡ
֪ȥˣûڽѧӿó׼ãȻһεӰ
ˡ
Ǽŵ̲ζüţѭԴԽζԽŨҡ
ֱĿʣ𣿡
ɫûʲôĿȴ棬΢ûһ顣
ɢĿαϣһȴֱһţ°ţ¶ݵȫȻ֪ʣζ𣿡
һ㣬Ǳ̺Ⱦġû˵ɢĲ
콵̺ƺԩ磬ġ䣬ڣһɵӣЦ˵Ͳ˰ɣζ
˾ǻˡ
ԣü
ݣеĹܶУôͲˣ̺Ʋ˵꣬𣬡ǰɣ硣
ʮ˲꣬ǶûУԻδ꣬кǻԲĿյ
̺ƣȥ
ûסЦЦѹȥֻ˵Ժ˵˲֪𣿡
ɳƣڶģ࣬ʣΪʲô
˫ʪӣ۵Ⱦһ˿㺣չȥɫֳֵ˵Ҫ֤һ¡

֪ǲǴھ⻰һ˼ĬĬİͷתˡ
ʱʦˡ
ʱѻȸ
ܿȥʳô˷ڿùǷʣû˯𣿡
ášһ
Եòˣ˲٣ü춼һûʲôӡ
ã˵ʵǲǷʲôˣʡ
ûаò̧ͷЦ˵ڣôô롣
е㵣㡣
һõúܣʲôõĵġ˵㣬һôƴΪѧϰŪˡ
зִġ
Ǿͺá
극˵Ҫȥһˣʲô¡ó˵иСû׷ˣıӰԼе㵣ģʱˡ
֪Ϊѧϰˡ
ʱûڣҪڰǰ֤ԼҪԼʧҪĸ
-
죬μٻصңûһʲôƵģۣһһġ
ͷ?ˣһָڿϣԴڱһţһֻŶ࣬ɻûܻ֡
ֺģڴ˵дҵܹܹȥϷ֡
ڷס䡣
ֱϿ죬е㲻Ծչڡ
ôˣŶӣüͷʣӲ𣿡
ǿš¡
ʣԻˣ
ӼԵۣһ㣬˿ˣ̲ס˻
üͷøסֱ۽˷һˣͿɫ԰׵ûʲôѪɫҧ촽۵ģˮ顣
ʶԣûͱ˽ҡ
ȷʵ۵˵Ļѣܵúܿ죬ߵܣһֱ㡢
̻ϵҽˡͷ󺹣ҲҷŲһ˹ȥ
ò԰׵Ѫɫ
˺ôҲҽ飬еģ֪ôڣһͷĴߴ£˵ûÿŮӶҪǸ
ԣϾûӴЩҲû⡣
УҽͶˣ治ɫ˵¾ûʲô˼˵ģʱ۵ҲҪҽƵġ
ڱ˵ࡣ
˵ڣץץͷڸϵĲȻ
Уҽ۾ʣһǸ㿪ҩ
УǾͿ㡣󷽷˵֮ǰҿ۵öֱˡ
ڳ˳·
ҩסڵתȥˣ찵ǿˣӵȻһꡣ
ڽϿΣĵģֻвԶĲٳмΡ
֪Ǻ⣬Ϊ飬̲ס˵ǵģʱôʡ
ǲ֪㵱ʱǸжˡ

ҧҧ촽
ҩݹȥһ˵ҽ˵ۺ˻Ҫҩ
ԥ˰νӹһԵľҵķܡǰεĿΣŴͬѧ֪һЩʲôҲûʾȥˡ
ܸĴͶĿ⣬鵲סϱ˼£ᣬû뵽Էġ
֪̺ƣһɵѹʣ
ôˣҿһ˳ȥأ
һֶ˵
ǡʱˣʦҲʲôûʾˡ֪̺ƿ϶æѹͼ糯˵㲻׼߱ˡ
û
׵ġ𹴴ЦЦӦá
Ҳû˵һ仰
¿ˡ
ƽ˵иھҪпˣһ붬˾͸Ƶġ
-
ؼҺܾ̺ǵϷ룬ȥ鷿鱾ΪпѺ⡣
дҳ
߽ʮֲ⣬ʣأ
пˣѺ⡣ͷҲû̧˵
СԺӾͽзҪ˵ûѧϰҪ󡣿ΪŶѧϰУôӡжǵһҲϰˣǴϷǳȥ򶼲档
дҵͷһؼ
ʲô´½㣬С鲽ԣص˵ڸ

Ҳ𣿡û˵
ɫÿˣ׿ӵĲһ£д飿
䣺
׿ü𣿡
Ͳܲµõģ
ôͲˣǲǺ𣿡׿ַ࣬Ц˵ǲҲͿ۵ģ
һ㲻һۣĺĺ
ΪпѺ⡣֮ʲôʱ˵档
׿û¶棬Ƶ˵˾䣺˵ΪϲŮͬѧ
䣺
л˵
죨12ţĸǧаƳٵʮһŶ


21 
õпѺʱ۷, ǿʲôϡбذ㣬Ͳ㱧׼ˡ
ǰ죬ָһ顣߽ʱ򶼰ͦ, ʮ㡣
ɼȷʵҲûˡ
ΪεƽЦֿ, һɼֱͬѧ󣬴ԭ߰ٶһԾ꼶ٶܷҲһ֡
ϻȥĵһ¾Ǹڴ绰ﶼزסЦ, 磬㻹æ𣿡
æҲýСĵ绰ڿЦ˵, Ƶ, ø²·ʲôˣ
²£û, ɵɳ, ˫Ҳһֻţһֻ, ôôû, ҵƻսǱһ⾰, ֻЦĻء
ǼǮ𣿡
ǡ
ǽ챻ʦˣ
ǡ
˺ü֪пĳɼ, ھͲ¡ڻֻֻɳһ, , ѽ, 磬汿
οԽ˿
ͲﴫԴӴ˭ҵôء
ŶԺĽӣҵġ
ҼҵαֵôãҪʲôأ
ôڶû˵û۰ڵƤ˵磬ҪʲôܵǮδɩӡ
ͷȻĬˡ
ںʣ磬̸ûѽûϲѽ˵ѧУ԰ر
ڵһ䵭˲٣׼Ϲ˵
ҲûϹ˵һɾ˲ڲ˲ӣ뵽ʲô˵ʲô߶߶ǲδɩӸҳԴء
ԺĶģ㶼ˣôãҪô죿
˵˵ţÿڿʣֻߵԣֻڶͼ֮䵹ˮ
ʱںҴž˼һڡ
ŵòˣæӷ£ĺһ磬ôˣ
ӡУڲûô׹˵ûС
ڣٺ˵ҾҹϻϽˡ
ڻǲ˵ˣû˵ȻϲͲ˵ˡ
Ҳ˵ˡ
ת˻⣬˵˵ڵѧϰϣν˴󣬳ڷˣҲҪʵʶл˼ҡ
˵֪ˡ
Ͼͽܺõļٿװڶ̵ȥ˵ҪԴ͡
Ͱ֮ԺˣЦʣôҳԴˣ
ǲԼпԷ𣿡
ŲŲӣһڿεȴֱžػ˼£˵;ˣҴһµͰɡ
üͷ£ֺܿɿΪʲô
ôΪʲô

ԼõֲȥˣڽǮ߬߬һ
͵Դˡ
ȻˣͻҪҪ˼ǮҪĽʱ仹Ҫæ
úúúš
˽⣬Ҳ֪ҪʲôҪʲô˼ȥȥӦ°æ뷨˵˳
Ӧ²죬Ҫ
ڵͷ˵ţܽôٷ֮ʮŵĹ͡
ô𣿡ӦЦЦԼŬ
ں
ûôŬУϾֲûԹ
˵˾ͳУ԰
еĵλòƫǰУһȫǳԵģ֡
Ӧ±߱˵Ҫ˵ҸʵûСүүүүǳսѣҰְְָֺСʶǵĻ˵ʱһӻȥĴϵҲߵý˹ۣųԷ
ⱲΪŮкС治һ𣬶Ҹ˵ɸˣԼԼġʱԺСкߣȥ۸󱻴ñף泤ˣϵ΢õ㡭
кϲ޷ǾЩʲôϷֱ
ǵʽޣԼԽļҾҧ˻Ϸ꣬ʣһǮҲӦº̲ˡ
½һµϡͷҲ⡣
-
ϰʱڽװõݸ
˳ֽӹ˿ʣʲô
ڣġ
ҵģôҲ벻ҲڻȲ𿪡
ס֣ȥ
ա
̺Ŀϻ˼£ϷʵӴʲôʱ򶼷չĻˣ
ڣ֪֪Ůʲô
Ҳ֪Ҳ֪˵Ϊ˻¸´¿Ҳǰ
̺ƶʱһȭ޻ϵĸоȻҲǵһԱˡ
Ҫ˱Ů٩˲øʲôƵģر档ĻĿ̹Ȼǹ롣
ȥĵһ¾ǻصң𿪣˵Ǹֻ꣬ϲòС
˭͵ء
ŽǸһ²Ķ껻Աһӣͷ
Ϸоˡ
-
磬ڻûüȥãþҹˣһżӣΪʣڣǮû
ʲôˣʰ鱾һ٣һۻء
ҡе㼱£ǮĻȽ𣬹컹㡣ڲ˵ñĿ⣬ûоˡ
˵žҪߡ
һѽס
ûǮжȥˣ緹ҲûԡüĽˣûǮ
Ҫ٣
룬١
ͨ˵ٿ黹ǲˣһ˲Ĵ㵣Ҳ벻ͨ
ǼжŮҸĸҲȽϳ磬ǮⷽǴٸ
תͷ˳·ߵĻûü˵ͿǮݵ
þǮֿ֣ڣ뵽Լ黹ǰǮ˶
üҴܳҵıӰüԽԽֱ鲻򵥣ҪҪ׷ȥ
꺭͹ˣʣڣǲҲǮˣ
ڲ죬ô֪
꺭ܣѹ˵ǰ͸ҽΣܿͻˣҲˣʵûô࣬㣬Ҿ룬ÿҪôǮȥˣ
᲻ǰʱʶейϵ
˸꺭Ļڲԥߣȥ
𣺡Ҹһ𡣡
ΪС̺࣬Ҳˡ˵һ϶ȫ˭֪Էʲôˡ
˸һſڣǮóݸһ߸ݵ͸ǲ࣬ȴȾŻͷ˵ЦĽȥˡ
֪еǲģ˵Ⱦˣֻ˵СС;ûˣʲôˡ
ڻһӾˣȥôߡ
ס˵嶯
˦֣ߵ˵Ҳ˴
ȥȻеĲͻҲûߡǻҪȥеʲôҸ̺һ˵ŮأȥõĻô£


22 
ϰ, ڻԱߣ˻ģڳ, ʵ˵, ǲǣ
꺭գգ۾͵Ҹڶ֪Ŷ
֪ʲôÿǸε˵Ҳ룬ôǡ
, õֱۣص˵, ˸˵У⿴һߵúܽ, ܵӡ
˵, ǲǱ͵͵̸ˣ
ôܡ
꺭æ׷, ǸһһܵӲ𣿡
֧֧ᡣ
ڿ˸꺭һۣջĿϣ˫ֱ, Դ˵ʣ˵, е˭
ǲɢ׵˭
˵̸, ʱ䶼Һ꺭һԷˣ˭ôߡ

һһ˵, Ͷˣû̸
ģ
ҷ, Ҫƭæõס, ˼¡
꺭Ҳޡ
ԸҲϽ, Цһš
˻˾ʣеĵô£˭ôʶģ
ǲ֪𣿾͡Ǹ˵ĻԺ֣ʲôûµʱ죬ϷԲȥ档ֻģ˿˵ɫ˵һʼû뷨Ǿʵ̫ĵˣֶǣеԷʲô˾ͼˡ
ҴϷҪһȥио˺ܺãҲᣬĵĽҺܶࡣ
û˿ڣ˵ǾôϷ˲ҵҴСͲϲ飬ҲȥУϷҲһְҵˡ
꺭Һ˵Էչɵ羺ѡ֡
øСƵĵͷԣǵ羺ѡ֣ʮг״ԪҲǷҪС
ʣǵ羺ѡ𣿡
ûò䣬ôãԺ϶Ϊһĵ羺ѡ֡
˵·ѣҪ츳ߵˡǵ˵͸ǲ࣬ǲҲͬ𣿡꺭ʡ
̾˿һ۵˵ȥ򹤺üûˣҲǮֻһ̣ˣǴ˾ˡеģɼԣϧûǮ飬ֻó˴˴Ϸ죬ʱûǮԷҿܲζ
ʣǮôΪ˸𣿡
õͷ
-
СﵥֺƭѳԴϷ˵ôףùѪͷ
׳Ϣ˵ˣҪż磬˸ط¡
̺òϵݣСǸ˲ţһְߵĻðеģӿμҳ㷹ѧУʦҲܡԼ˵öΪƭɵӵǮ˼Ǯ͸Ůȥˣˣǻ쵰Ůѻ·Ƶġ
ڶ໰ˡһ᲻˵໰ˣҲ˵˵óģΨһõĵ㣬ܷй
꺭Ͳһˣһٳ󣬡ǽô죿
ʼ磬ô죬Ŀ
ڶ磬ҪǮˣأǸûѩ˪Ļ䣬ϵǮ˳ȥʱ仹ɸĸҪ˲١
ϼ˾Ϳʼж̺ȥԼ˺üֵܻȥտ˻Ҫȥkҹḻúܡ
ڸԼһĿĵȥ߱ģûȺˡ
Ŀýƣ̺Ƶʱ֪˺ֱһȦ˵м䣬˷İķУԱ߸Ůӣִ˼Ҽϣǡ
Ƹ磬ô£ķƣ
ǺƸĶƣʲôֲô£һֱº𡣡
ܵҳ϶û¶٣Ƹң

ƵỴ̈ۺݺһڣӵ˵ֵܣҲǡһӣϸɵǮŮˡ
˰뿪Ц˵ƸҪӦܵҲܽɵǮŮˣ
Ƹ磬Сˡ
еһץһѣЩɵ˵ģûͱͷתˣǽĦгȥУſڵšƼЦӶҪȥչһһٶ졣
ϵŮһۣأ
ԣƵͷһڣҵĸαܸЩɵŮᲢۡ
ŮЦˡ
ڿõɫɻ󵽴㵵ǻŭۿҪȥæסʣãôˣ
ңңò֪ôڣߣָҧгݵ˵ǾҸ˵ƣҸϢ˵ڰ˴Ҫѣ˵ˣôãҲǳܲܡ
һǮˣޣû뵽˵˵žͿˡ
ˮͷƵµնղס
ı̤
ȥۣһס侲ķã˵Բһ·ϵģ۲ʲôҪ֪֪Ŀ˵ŭߡ
ǰúõһҡǮûˣ˭á꺭˵ˣǱһȺˣ߾ȥӲӲ̫Կˡ
һ˴̺ҲǱˡ
õĸ첲˵㻻Ƕ룬ô֪ĿܼʱֹҲһָ
һֻ죬ȥɾˣˡ

һ˵һ䣬ʧǵıߣﻹţôƭңƭҵģǸбˡ
ܲʵ
-
ûȥͰ˸ɾˣϷҲͨͨжأΪˣû뵽汻˵ˡ
Ǳô÷ŹҡǮ
һʼȥĺãΪʲôԵ޹ʰ˸ɾˣʲôԸģֺû
ûᡣ
ƴ绰Ҳûڡû뵽˲ģһ
Уſڶˡ
һˣڼ˵ֺ֧͹£òѸѧУָҳ̹ˡ
ܼҸĸ֪£òУԥȥ˾ԼŮԽעæҲҪӣͬʱڼ˱ֿĸл
-
ʮѮԽԽ䣬һĵӣĹΣڽַ߹˼
ֱߵİӵڣζû̲סʿˮŲǱߣֻӶóϢ𣿡
ţǱߺܿˡ
ʲô
𣺡һ
пɼھŵԸͣΪ˻ֻˣȴÿζõش
Ѫʣģ
أġ
ǹǳĻȣֻشϰҪ˰˸һһ˱ࡣ
һ͹ˣʣµĶġ
˽ңһҲˣڵˣһԵİ͵ݸ
һ㶣ôࣿ
㲻˵ҳһ𣿡̧ͷʣգգ޹ۡ

˿Ķ
治ɫ˵ŶʱֻһˣҾ͸˰˱࣬ϲ𣿡
л˵
дŰµ׻³ᣬҲܡ


23 
ƭء
, ɢһֱ۴ڵαϣֱĿ˼ҡ
ССŶھòԾ, ̧ͷ, 㿴ʲô
㣬΢΢ǳЦһϸڣĿɫֳ˭ѧ, ԽԽˡ
û˭ѧת˵
ǳԽԽˣЦԽԣٶ, Ķ, Сûʲô, ֻ, С˺ܶ࣬˵Ҳûء
ɫ𽥼һ, ûסӤʣЦ, ûʲô

˸ʵ̫ˡ
ĿֳŨܵĽëжٸ, ƫпС룬΢, ʶסĶš
Ϸ賿, ϲ˸, ݺݱѵһٵ̺ƾûô˯, ֱѧУˣսҾͿĻ۾ɵϴֱ˾䣬Բۣ
磬Ǵ̫ðɣЦŵ٩Ŀתơ
ʲô˵£æ˵ľ룬һԵתţ̵Ķ
Ա£ƽˣĿƵĴŲ̺ƣһĨζЦѰݣԵ࣬д˿̫ðɡ
㣬˾Ϸ̺ڣϷʵ뵱ϷҲͷڶò˾ӵڶˡ
˷ǰ
𵭵һۣǸƨ
²
֪С˼̺ƽѹһͷĸоˣƲס䡣
Ͼôźò׵ȵһᣬɲúúϧ
-
һڿۿһ¾ͷźˣʦҲиȵΣ˵ӽ쿪ʼϰܣԼͶԶȡ
ǹϵһĺѧУеȫ淢չĩҪģҪҪ֡
Ŷ
µľˣСܲˣһ۵òУҪȶҲͨ㣬ҪҲ
ʦȫУһ飬ΧŲٳһȦгͷЩ˼Ѫ꣬˭Ҳ䣬һ죬񹭼˳ȥܾǰˣȦЩƣһʼյģֱӷһǳܵյ㡣

յ㴦Ҳ㴦ܵߣΧŮ£ѹ˵ڣû뵽ôڡ
ĸˡڿ۲Զ꣬ջЦ˵ͽս
𾭳˵һ仰ǣʦҪΪʲôҪҲǷҪʦ˵ֻҪһģǴˣӰ죬ڽúмֵʲôֻҪǺõģǶԵģ̲Ҫġ
ûûü˵ڰֱۣü˵ôѽ϶ˡ
Ҳ֪ʦĳͷʲô
Ĭ£ýȺ˵Ҫʦ˵ˣ
䣬˲ˣҡͷ˵á
ʲôõġüȰ˵Ů£ܱȻᱻͷá
Ҫ˼ȥ˵
ڻҡͷ
̤ǲҲƭˡ
˻ѾֵŮˣһУʮ˵ҵȻһ󡣡
ֱӾܾɱǧ
Ȼеʦ˵ĳͷʲô˾ͷ䣬û취¡
ʲôҪǣҿ϶ڹɵƵǮһ˵ƾͺ޵Ѿˣĳɳ̵ӡ
һ¹һ£
վڲִͬһʣ˭Ҳû˵˭ʱֵϳˣһ顣
˸į
û뵽û˸һأ֪ǳӻãȻ˸ڶ
ЩһͬѧͷΧŲٳȦ
˶δѾȥǦóˣʦŮŶϰͶоͿлˣУӵ½ȥָǱߣָ̺Ůߡ
ŮǶ⣬ʮľԼ
ʵͶѣֻҪ˲Ǻܰ˼ɣһͶһ׼Ǹ⣬˲ȴôҲͶУƫ˾̫ˣһܸ˰졣
ۿŮʣһˣ˸˵Ƶġ
µ죬Ϯÿһ䣬ŵ£Ӿ⴦վԣˮƿš˼š߹ȥûˣ
üͷţдһ˿ίһôͶ
ҽ㡣˵Žˮڵϣߵ棬ɵù׾ӣǼŮܰ㣬˿ַ׼ȷλãһֻͬģ˵㿴ܣȺ֮ľ룬پֱ۵̶ȣ񣬾͵棬һ׾ͽȥˡ
Ȼһףһ
ڶǴԼϳȥģ˼룬㵵Ŀ𣬡ô򵥣
򵥡ȥЦϲԼ콹ǣûʲôѵġ
ԡ
ڰӹղôġ֪ʲôʱߵ󣬽̧̧ţֱס
ʿˮš
ָƣסһǿ֧ŵ㣬η壬û뵽ˣȻǿ򣬵ʵʵڽˣʱﲻѪҺֿʼˡ
ȥͶ
ʮ߸ˣ˰㣬ִ˲ƣҪǳԵСѡվһԿţʱʱһ۵ױǸεӰռĿˮ
֪˶ã̺ܹԷˡ
ûŲ֣ȥ
̺һ˳Ŀ⿴ȥҡͷջͻȻ١˵ӾȻеĽ
磬˵˵⵽Ǹʲôζ

̺ƴĹˡ
ûһǾ͹ȥԷһ飬˵ҲҪ
ζҪǰ£ʳûûʲôˣŴ߳ԱģӦº½Ҳ
ûһӦ̧ͷѲˣ˵ƽҹʥˣʲôû
½һỰ̺࣬ƤЦģСʲô뷨𣿡
Ӧһû˵
˵ûʲôš
ڸ͵Ҳû
꺭˵ûǴĻƽҹģʥ塣
Ǿϳȥ£ȥҸطԷӦ˵ȻȥӰô
õһͬѽ
꺭ź˵϶ãͲȥˡӦ°ο˵û£Ժʱ䡣
Ӧһʣʵ½ü΢̧ĿֱĿڣһɢ
ˣ
ڣֿϡ
ڱǺˣ˿ˮѹѹ̵߬˵Ӧÿȥ
ڴ󲿷ʱ䶼ңֻżһ£̬ºͶˡ
´ͬͲ˵ˣӰӶûһ
½ȥ
л˵
õ
⼸쿨ģд˲ŷģҾϸ


24 
ƽҹ, ׼ǰƻרȥ˾װ, Ĳ, ÿҪǽȥ̫ˣޣԲ
ôٵ°༶ںܸм꺭Ӧ¡
м˻ɼô, ̺ƣһֹۿʵĴ, ܸ˴֡
þͲ˵, ϶ٲġ
Ů˼ϸ, ׼, ൱ڽ˴˵⡣ڻصλﻹʣһеһݸ̺ơ
̺ǽи, ɴ˫ۣҵģ
ڱЦ, , ġ
ϢˣôһյŮ̺æպ, һ̧ͷͿôÿɫЦʮǷ, , Ҫ
, ͸ҵģͱˡô㣬ԸҪġ
ģҪǸƻضǣǽ츳һ壬̺õʲô㣬Цء
ӿһûǴĻһװֽҲвͬڵݸ
ӹ˿ָĦţüʣҵģ
ڵͷ
̺Ʋ´µڣôǸҵĴ󣬱ҵĺÿأ
е飬ӲͷƤ˵һġ
ҿŲ̫һ
ڻ߾ͱˣһ˵ţҵľǱĴĺÿ
ܸһ𣿡
ڣ
һƽˣϿǰ˵˷ԪǰҪ¿£ʱŵҲñˡ
֪ʲôʱ濪ʼηˣ͸볨ŵĴڵʶһ£סСǱߵͬѧ˵һ´ӡ
ʱúܿ죬һڿˣڻڽڿβĵȦʼǺﲻԸģ˵ŪԼﲻʱ˵Ѿ˼һô˽ͺ׼ȡ֮ʲô룬±˽ʮ鶼ûá
ȥԷü״̲ס٩ڣǴ㿼廪ѧ𣿡
塣õͷҲû̧ķ٩һ䡣
Ų࣬Ӧò廪١˵ͷˣԽֻó棬Ū˽ҡ
ˡڻء
Ӻֳ˽ңûʲôˣû뵽Ϳ½ǰվŸݸߵŮ֪˵˾ʲô㽫ĺӵݹȥӦƻ
½ûӣһĵ̬Ů
Ů֪Ǻˣ½Ҫֱ󼱴Ҵ¥ݡ
ڲ½йཻתһȦȥ½Ѿˡ
ֱĿʣˣ
ͷƤ飬ᡮšһºĲǲǹ⿴ġ
½ЦЦ߽ʣôң
ʲôһʱûӦ㶵Ŀ
˵ƽҹʲô
򴽣һ䣬ΪʲôҪ㣿ǰΪʲôҪ͸½
Ӧ£ô½˲֪½ûʲô³ͳž֪
ƽתƻ⣬ҪȥԷˣʳþûˡ
½ģŵһûò˼׷ʣʲôʱƻ
ң£ôؼȲ½ֲƻͻȻһϤƻˣҪǸ㣿
̧ȥ۵ȾһĨϲȻ
½Ҳѭȥ
ҵġ½ĿԣڣƵĲһ䡣
ԣ½ǵĻԽɫ˳
Ҫǲ̣ϵ̺Цһ䣬磬񰡣
-
ʳѾûʣˣڶôԣһһ㣬Ų˸λ
ÿˣۿûʲôˣæһڡ
šûʲôθڣڲȥüͷ΢ţ÷ֻ̾ˡ
̵棬¡
һ⣬ʲô
ûо½㲻̫һ
ܰɡ
ǿܡֿܣѹƶ˵Ĳһ㿴ԱŮģ˵ˡ
Ĭ룬̧ͷʣ˵ʲô
£СʣǲǶûʲôøУ
šûʲôڵģ˵ֻúѧϰǰǻҺӰңͦյġ
ñ԰Եģ߾Ӳʻȥˡλ˼£ȻܸͬˣһԵ㡣
¸ͣһģڶˣּ˼ë£ѧУʼһѧϰԴͬѧϰˡ
رҪ¿ĩ»ʱ̣һακһεѹҪ󣬱Ͼϴǰ˵ǰ٣ֻҪȲллˡ
һ¿ξ⣬ȫԼһɵʱ䡣𿴳ĲѰʣ¿£
˻ᡮš¡
ûһ仰̬һС
˵˵㽲£ҳͬѧڵͬѧɼӦǰ༶ǰʮϿ״̬ܺãҵдҲƯһԾͲˣδεβ
Ϊʲôڲʡ
Ϊ̬£˵ûп˷̬˵̬ˡ
üͷ΢
𣺡һ㣬˿ܿԼˮƽǰڽźͽҲӰ췢ӡ
ˣʣҪôſԲţҲ֪Ųã˯þﱻˡ
̹ȻһС˵֮ԽΪ¿ã㲻¿õʱͲˣεô
ֻҪǣܿ
ڱ˵һһ㶵ģе־û
壬Ҳʥڣϰһڿˣ֯ǿӦ¾ʹȥ˾ͽĳԺһ֣˺ܶ࣬յķΧŨ洦ɼʥҹɫͲʵƵĳ£Ե
־ԡԡ͡桱Ůǵ֣ǰ˵ĻֿǱߣʵúܣں档
ȻȦģӦԱߣϰ˼ʮһ˷ּ˵Ҳᣬװɡ
Ҳôᣬ¡Ӧ˵žȥˣһҲûţ̺ԾԾԣҲֶ顣
þͲ˵ˣСǰõ㣬Ȼ˸Կװڼ
֪ʲôʱԱߣڽȦݸװɣҲ̫档
ӹȥѹʣҪʲô
Ĭ˻ָָڶŵСѼëߣ˵Ǹǲ̫Զˣ
ôãûмеĶǰš
Ŀ˵Զ
һᣬ½ҲҪʲôָͬλã״úӦ»˸˵кϷˡ
ߴкǰһվ˲˵ע⣬½ףһˣƿϣҲСڼҲûǸëߣ𻹷˼Ȧ
½д˲
ֵˣۿȦûˣҲϣϾȷʵ̫Զˣףû뵽һȦȵǸСѼϣֱϵ⣬Ͳûг
æԼȳڣ侲㣡
սƷݸʲôҲû˵д˸ˣд͡
һĻ½ݺݱʹˡ
ֵȦֻҪͬ޾ͻףӲûţ˲Щһ
Ӧ£׿ڣߵԱߣοҲģô˶ײУġ
ô˶ײУƫƫܡ
½ôûܹҪί
ԷӰ½һҲڸǰˣ͵͵ˡ
һлǢЦΣġ
ʱ䲻ˣ䵱ʹߣڻؼҡĹţʣ𣿡
ڽСѼţҡͷأ䡣
ÿ𣿡
ġصͷȻ뵽½ЦˣҲһرɰĴкҪȥǸޡ
üֺܿɿʣЦʲô
ҡҡͷ
ɫ£ĵƤѩѩ׵ģɫŵЦ⣬ĻһֱûȥҲ̲סЦˡ
˾ţһûһ˵Ż
ٴһСӾ͵СˣԽ߾ڽ£
˭Ĺ
ǣôƸ˵ģ
ҲԼʲôɫҲƸ˵ģ
㡢̫ˣҸǮǰ£ûûҪǮҵǮֲǴģУƾʲô˵ôĻһʮŮϸһ
ڻеϤ̧ȥͿǵΧŮȭߣﻹ˵ŲĻʲôǮͰ
һ飬˲·˰㣬Ȼһ˹ȥ
һ𡣡
ֱ𽥽ռϷ磬ڲŻ׼ǰŮȴ߾Ȼơ
һƣ
ӴѽڡƹЦ£ڵϵŮˣ˼
Ϊʲôûɫ𣿡
üͷֱ̱ڵϵǳţˡһ۵¡
˵ǰʱҵھȥ˰еŮһãһڣѿۿ۶ˣƭ飬õĽǸѧȥмӣ˾͸顣
֮ǰһǳƽСơ˼üΣΪʶûͬ⡣
֪ű軵ˣǸֽٵСԭǣ͸ˡ
ڸƵĿһۣ֪òᣬҲûȥûȥҽԺ֪ͨˡ
ͷҲصߣžȾʲôĶڵͷһѪ
ˣ
¡ʱҲûͳȥû뵽еֱ۲Сıһ¡
ôѪôû£
ߣȥҽԺ


25 
˵ò, ҽ߷˵õƫһ㣬Ȼˣ߶߶˵˺ܶ, ʲô²ܳ嶯, 嶯ħһҪմˮ
춼ûϿΡ
̺Ϊʲôˣ
˵￴е۸һŮӣԹۣû뵽Էеû, Ҳû˵ȵǳš˵ţĲ, ҲΪ֮, Ϊʲô˿Ի̶ֳȡ
¿, 첻ϰ, ȥ𣬱Ǯһһǡ
Ӧ˵ôգڼ, ˵ⲻǮǮ⣬һ⡣
̺ƺӦ, ˶ǵһ, ֪Ҳһ㣬ɻǱǰľȵˡ
λضεĶ, ƫŷʽ, ʾ, ȥӡľľ滨, ڱ䡣
ŵ裬żʵļҾӷɻǸӺݻĸоʱе˵춼˰ɣůů
ӦĨ۰㣬Ц˵̣ҿľȺˡ
Ѿͷ˵ͷЦԽŨ漴˵ȥС
̺˵̣ˣڷȥ
˵ҲС
̶ʮ־н½Ŷˣ°ѱ˰ĵذȻˣֱ¥ЩķܴҲܼ򵥣ڰ׻ҵ˴¹ɳûʲôİ衣
һһ䶼ˣڲǰ˿˿ڣüǵʣõ𣿡
Ҫ֪ǳţҪ֪ĿôͲˡ
öˡĿ⵭ɨ׾ӣء
̺ƻôŵת϶֣жද֢ƵģȤ磬˵ӳôϧҲҪȡ
ûü˵Ӧ¾ֱۣװͰ͵˵̺ƣ񲻶ģΪ˭һǳ𡣡
̺ʹá˻һæŲԶ˵㣬ŭ˵ĸϻСԺ޲ȥ
ƨ¡
ˣŮƽϣ̺ƤЦ˵С㣬Цô档
˵ܾһ´ԲˣĸŮŲŰڷȺŹӦ¿ûŹ
ϵú͸꺭ֻЦš
̺һ˵ӣС㣬Ұɣû˼֮˵ķʽ
Цţıһû˵ʽ
̺ĿɿڴűԴԩѾ̫ˡ˵žͿӳȥ
Ӧ׷žͽú͸꺭һ飬֪˶
ϵţƬջ߿һʱ֪òΪ˺Ⱥһ׷ȥ۸̺ơ
һŹˡ
ڻԼˣĿ
С㶴㶵ģЩڣԸȥŹˣۻڵȡ£˰ŵüۿʣôң
̧ʲô
Ŀԣ۾﴿òһʣ΢΢ʣʦ̵ⶼˣ
һ䣬ڴŵϣõĲıʼóݸЦ˵Ҷء
ױƵģӹЦЦ߷ߵ٩׼
˳˳㡣࣬Ц˵ҲǺܵĺòãҪΪһؼҲˡ
˵ֻһֱȥҳæվֹСĵ㣬ҽ˵㲻Ҫôء
ôˣ
ѱȥû˵ָֻαϣɢ⣬ɤﶼЦ⣬ֱĿ
΢̧°ͣһ˿⣬ûþһֱǶȥҽĻԷ磬ǲʲô
գǵĻƲסĵЦ
־ͺúõķϣٶˡվţʼǷ̯ǰ˵Щ˵ˡ
ô㶯ء
ãġﺬǰδеᡣ
⸡һĨյůߴڲͶϣкƫŮЦĿһ̶᲻ŲŮڶϣʸꡣʱʱƫͷкѯЩʲô¾á
-
գͺˣͷС꣬Ƶġ˱Էͦ˼ģһֱܼᶨľܾϾҲûʲô鷳ŲϢ⡣
Ͳס飬Ӧº̺Ȱ˵ˣҪٶž͹ˡ
һ⼸С飬ֻ̡
˵ȫϯˣһ㶼ţ̿ڣһش⣬ըտӦоУɫζȫ
˵ڼˣǳҵӦҲˣ̣զô࣬Բ˷ѽ
Ҳ֪ϲʲôһ˵㡣˵Ÿ˿⣬Цӯӯк༸ˣǶԣҪ쳢ϲǿζ
̺˵û߳Ա˵̣ķ˱ҼҵĶҿζ
һ˾òУ̣̫ˡôһϿζġ
ں͸꺭Ҳнĸһ䡣
յҲǢ
ӰһỰ࣬˸֪˵ʲô˵ͰĳԷֻԸǰĲˣɲɣǰĲ˲඼ڡ
Բ˼¾Ͳˣͷ׷
ͻȻһ˳̧ͷȥͬʱ˶
ⱻſôܵĶˣ䴽֪ô͡
Ա£ƽˣ˵ҼǵϲģвվУ𲻺˼
˵ùһǴŹǵӦϲģģζԵ㡣
㣬ϲԲġ̺Ƽһּᣬú͸꺭һŹ׶˱˵룬󻹰ѸϲĿζȥ̡
ٷԵܰ֡
-
Ԫǰһ¿ɼˣ꼶˼ʮܷҲ˵㣬˵Ѿܺˡ
ֵܱ߿ӦÿϱˡԽǰԽѣֹŬҲŬ½һҲǽˡ
ϻȥһʱڱϲ
ڶ˵һٲʺƨڣôƯֿɰŬôˣ֪һԵģԺϴѧҲһԵġ
СĻֺЦ磬ǰҵС
ã֪ڳˡ
ڸˡ
˵ɼ£˾˵磬ͬѧԣ꼶һϱϵұһֱϸֺĵĸҽ⣬˿ɺˡ
ϴǮһֱͣҾʲôԱĺá
ϣһﶼλͬҵ
˵˺ܶ࣬ӵĻ绰ͷĳҲرˣ˵¸ˣҷżٻԴͣһ¸
Цã
л˵
ڴӵײ


26 
Ǻͬѧ˸ʲô, ˵æԪͲˡȥ⹫ҡ
Ź
ȥǱߵʱ䲻࣬һҪѧ, ǻϰ˶ȥ, ˳»ԣҲֻ»һȥҪ˵ʵûжڵӡУ⹫ŶͦõģϿ࣬Ц, ʵ۴С, ֻҪжÿζƽ, ƫ˾˵ĺӡ
˻ƽ, һһ, һСһ꣬Сʱÿȥ۸˻˵, ñ⹫ſ˻ǻٲ˱¡
С˻ƽһһŮ, Ӹһ, С·ݣŮС, ͬ䣬Сʱ򻹴, ϵٵԵʾ, 治һ顣
Ҳǿ, ڴߣ˵£趼ֶֹ£˵ԼҵƤգ۾Ͳ֪ȥķˡ
Ц˵ӻƤ㣬ãԹڣﲻһ仰
ھҶ
ͦĵġ
緹¶ȥ˯˯˯ŵģ͵͵ֻơ
ֲô˿񶼲ֻ֪
СʱҾͳȥڹӣ˸Ƿ¥ݻûתȥ˵Ҳˡ
ԣŲһ١
ĳ˵⺢Ӷôˣ̾͹ˣñô֪ڱ˵лһȥҲȥҲС˻ڸʲô
⻹ôŮһǮҲǰô󷽣һ¿Ÿǧ飬ͼʲôﻰŭ
̾˿
ĬӣʣźסģôԺô죿Ҫ߿ˣЩ㶼û
˵ôû˺ӿ϶Ҫģżɽ˵ǰģܸңǮǿԸҵ㡣ЩԼҲ˵㣬һ˲ڶʱûкʵСһҵҾҵΣҵ˾ͿԳȥԼˡ
ͷѧܳ𣿡
ôܳˣʱֻ˸УǿԼ߳ġ˵ڳɼ϶Ǹ⣬ҿˣЩҰѧΪȦǮ粻ϡ
˻ᣬ˵ʮ御ˣҷϣʱⶼҪôһ¸ٵĸѹʲôҪǿҲǣ˵ٶ
Ҫѧȥ
ڵӶʱ䡯һǱ˰㣬Ҫֳǽǿվȡ
µŬ˲Ц
İûг»Զ࣬һֱ֪ģҲʮΪﲻгֵ󲻵ò飬Ҫ˳»ԣһж᲻һ
ˣҲû˵ѧ⻰
֣
ְһӦùúҸҲԸԳӣ˵ְְˡ
ְֳ˹㻨ǮҪˣûӦûڵܵܳϲУϹæ鲻ʱɡϾǰûٻʱż͵͵ȥ棬ԺóԵġ
ʵְ趼ֻǲࡣ
-
˭Ҳûߣͳǣ˼ң̱ͬɳϣֻڿռижôˣûأȻĻⷿǳ¼ҵġ
¼Ҷûκιϵ˵ˡ
Цµʸûˡ
䣬ϢгϮڴڴڵĴҴӳյĴӡ
ͻȻˣģԽԽֱֱֻ߬ĴУûĿĵصĵε
Ҳͺܶˡ
-
ԭǶġ
ܶ鲻ŬͿԸıġ
仰ʱֱԣǸŮʵǿģҲᷴӡһΣʱ˻㲻ʶշֵһ࣬ȥ칫Ҹ˵ʤβ˿δְ񣬳ȥˡ
Ǹֹ۵ˣһֱǰУϲԹ
Ҳڿռ䷢˸еĻĻĵķ羰ͼǵһηһСݵͼƬ˵ǰ쿴Ѿˣû뵽ȥһԵıֵܽöǿ׳ϴ񣬷ĴݲУޡ
¥߸Ϣôˣ
Ǳûء
¡һɫԽҲˡû˰ɡŴ򳵵סСǡÿʧǵ·ߣϱʪòˡ
æɡǰѹſһĻŭšüһڡ
̧ͷüૣ𣿡
Ϣأ绰ӣô겻ڼҺúôţ̤Լģ
𣬡ĿֱЩЦţƤЦⲻЦô⣿
ЩվȣæסΣ˵۷ʲô£ؼҺú˵нİ취ȥᱻġ
ң
мңĿն翣ЦЦſˣſЦˡ
üͷšø
ǰߡٴǰ꣬ڼϴѧУ÷з֪һ㣬һߣʮֵǵĿҲû˵ؼҵĻ˶бʱ̣Ǿͻ侲侲
ţ˵ԽԽˣȥɣȻܸðˡƳһۣƵģ˵֣ܵˡ
㻹֪֣û׺ͿȥҲǸ£ˣԴҪЮҪ浣־Ҹܶĵط
û˵
䣬˻һ
ڷ̧ͷʣôˣ
еۡ˵Ż£˵վˣʪȥˡ

˵Ϲڼǰߡ
ϡ
ţ˭Ҳû˵֪˶ãСˣֹ˻ᣬͻȻ硣ȶˣȰŻؼһ·ûܾܶ鲻ѡģ벻ͨôء
˿
ָֻúܿ죬ҽĻ˵˳ǲһԪѧУϿΡ
ȴ˳ǷˣϿ񣬻ддĲĿСγɾ޴ķ
ôˣܶдϣֱӺԡ˵öˣˣֱӱ˼ˣӱת䣬˼·Ҳٵ㣬ȥ˲Σܵõ꣬ʲôҲûС
˵ʲôҪ
֪һ߰ɼµŬҲЧˣ齨ѧϰСҲԽԽ죬Ȼһĺϸˣ㻻˰ɡ

ʶԣҪӸԴúú˼һ
-
ƹˤˡ
Ŭ
ʵǰﲻϴѧϲ˴ѧ˰ɣôѣԴۣŹԼôô
죬ʳáĳּﰵ׻ڲ˵Щ¡
ÿ˵ڣҾ⼸첻Ծ
ĲԾˣͷҲû̧ķǸǰһζϲģɾûθڣ
ͻȻѧϰˡòŹκһ˿飬ǰÿνԷҪѱʼ˵¸ˡμÿζȫ¶ɢŶѧϰĿ
ڸ˸Ƶģ۾ûˡҵĵиң㣬ڣ϶ҡ
ٿ̧ͷЦʲôˣ
ƶ˵϶ҡ
´˵
һȦԱߣó٣ܵ˳극ߵòˣáֱۣ֮飬֮˵ڣ֪£ʲô˵Ŷ岻áررܣҲֻܿţһֱõѣ֮ûܵġ
۷ʲô飬Ҷߡ
ʶôꡭ
˵˺ܶܶࡣƷһ˲䣬ûˣһ˵費ϴѧˡ


27 
Ϊʲôһ㵡
ֽ׶ε֪, ºܻĸԺӳɼΪھ̣ܰҫŮ˶ٷ, 꼶Ŷ, μӱֵʲô״һ֪죬˵ʱҪ濼ϴѧʲôġôв˵ġ
ӡ
һƽòһ˿, ˵˵°㣬ܹȥˡ˼žʮͿ, ҲԹ, ô궼ڲ, Ұûôҡ
Щ, ˵һֱãϴγŵ, 벻֪ѡ
Ҳûʲôڵˡĸ˭Ҳ룬û˭˭, ӦóΪӵݡ
һ۵Ŀ, £С, ⼸Ϊ鲻𣿡
£ڵͷ, е, ʱ޿̶Ϊʲôܿ㳤
Ƭ, úһڡ
šڴӦеơ
ϴѧֲĲϴѧˡ
ԣ̧ͷ
õȻҿ԰ҵ㻨Ǯʱ϶ˣٲҰǮǿ϶⡣
ҡͷ˵á
ʲôõġ֪뷨˵㿴㣬ôɶ£ְѧϰֱҰеŮҪҰ赱ŮɣĸŮ쾭塣
Ҫͬҽȥ͸˵
ҲûֱӾܾҪ˭˵
ΪʲôҪҪ治˼͵ǵģǮ˻˲ˣ¡ʶôڵ˸߰˷֣˵˵ˣѧء
취ܶܶ࣬úǣΪѹˡ
ںȻͨˡ
ȷʵԽǮϰ˻˾ǡٲûѧأΣѧҪϵġ
-
ϿΣڵѧϰֻˣú棬ϰԽڱȼ뵽ʲôһ٣ƫͷһۡ
ɢĿαϣһִڿѹ飬һַֻһأһ֪ڿʲôż̧ͷһۺڰ壬һġ
мû˵ˡ
绹˵Ҫ˺õ㣬ûˣ˸ˡ̾˿
һʱ֪ôŤת档
Ǹ¾̲סǣʲô޷עˣ
˵ʲô¿ֱӸ̺ƳȥˣֱϿ˺þòŻ
ӢΣóģҲϿû˵ϰߣûһʱȥˣڿҲûϻִ˴յòС
ùĻôˣ
û¡̾˿漴鶼ŵٰá
ã㿴ûµ𣿡
õֱߡ
˽ңüʣ㲻ỹϴѧ°ɣ
ҡͷûСߵĻʻȥˣ֪ôڡ
˵ɣÿʲôˣ
£С˵ǰ˵ˣ˼⡣кüûô˵ˣһҶ£ôܸϻҾ˵һ¿ξͳȥˡ
˵ǲǹң
ⲻܰɡ
ҪȻΪʲôһ¿ξͳȥϿβƻÿζҶû˵
һʱ֪ôͣ⡭
ڼ˵ҾܺˣԲߣÿθҽⶼϴľ϶ȥÿġҪҲûʲôܸģ渶ôãһ˵ô˵ĻҲ
ίľܾɡ
öҪȻ𵥶޷Ļ
ն˵ģĺˡ˭Ҳܶ㡣
ԣֱ
ڨڨЦЦ˵ѽҵ˼ôСˡ˵±̫嶯ˣﲻҲ
ڡš¡
ڶȥ˵ǼҰӣѧУ˻ûۿγ̱׼á
ͬѧ½½ˡԽԽֶţ촩˼ɫ޷ģĵ˺ܰף۾ţû˯ѵӣͷ鷢ңġ
£ƫͷ𡣡
αϣһȴֱһţ˸Ƿ֪û˲
ֺһ𡣡
ſֻһջȥˣñһ¡
ڰѰӵݸ˵˵Ǽҡ
ûӣ̧һۣṴżζʣôˣ
⻰ʵһ졣԰Ҫ˵ʱڣҪͲˣҲǲ򣬾־ԸԲ£ôǵô
Ҫˣֿʼ
͵һ䴽˵·Ǽң˳ˡ
û˵̺ƿԹˣڣһûء
䣬æɽȥ԰ɡ
ҿ۾Լͼˡתһᣬ˵
ʲô̺Ƶ
ġ
㲻ǳ𡣡̺ƾһҶˡ
ûԱУ

-
緹ȥУıܷ˺ü̲裬ãճƷ
Ӧ¸꺭̺ƶС
һݸ
üҵģ
ڵ˵ͷЦ˵ţġܷճƷҾûͦúȵġ
䣬۵ȾһĨǳЦ⣬ƽЩƷڴţֲԾĴӴｫóűӣĴָסˣһ壬ͷһڡ
ûʡ
æʣô
СӲͷƤһСڡ
Դˣھܳʵһһڣϲȴ˵Ų̲Ļ϶û
˵ϻˡ
Լʹ֮ÿһ춼ͣˣᶼμ侭һȥʳԣȻΪոһյڡ
ۿѮʼǱĺôƪģû¸òˡ죬ϵڶ ;УͷͻȻʼ꣬ģֱ¿˲ŷѩ
££ףȥӵˮȡƳһʣҪˮ𣿡
ֻ̧ͷȡ
򴽣ǻԲ˵ȵˮãá㿴ԽԽˡˮ׸ðҰӵɡ
˵ھվùˮλֱҺˮ
ıӰǵĻƲסĵֱŵĸо񻹿ԣеͷ
ҪܱＸ졣
Ǹ˶ԿãͲ߸ˡ
Ӻڽˮݸ˵Ⱥȣůů塣
šƿǣڣ嶼ůģƮƶˡ⿴۾ﶼЦ⣬ĬĬĽıʼǱóǱŲŲӣֱ̧Ķ𣬡Ըҽһ𣿡
Ϊٱ弸𣺡


28 
ֶ, 
Ǻͺˡļƽæµֱĩǰһ, ʱ, һ εһϿ죬ѧʦ߽ңһͻȻҵķ磬Ҫ˾߰㣬ʦæڱϵͬѧѴӹϡ
, ëĴѩƮƮ⿴, Ŵ, ƽһ˿ʵС
ͬѧĬķһ̾, ۣѩ
ôѩ
ѩ, ѩˡ
ٲȻ⻹ϿΣһóֻա
Ϸ˵ѩǶô, οôѩϴѩǰ, ļǵֻһ, ȥããģûþͻ, Ѿ㹻ȫǻˡ仹ϿΣҵͷɵȥ, ڰ¿, Ǳɵĸͳȥˡ
ڸƽʱúõļҲֳ˽, ϧ칫һۿԽԽСӦ¶ڵϣͷЦӯӯ˵죬ǻСѩˡ
һһȻõȥ
ۣϽġ
˵ž²Ŀʼֱúͮͮģû֪ˣȻֵסѩȰ
ֱϿܻؽңѩ˷ڿϣ߿ţ˫ִ˴߹˼
ϱһС޶ˣˤڵϷǡ
֪ǹģɻ̲סŭ𣡡
ţӦ¿̧ͷӼҲҪҧ˵ģЦ˵ҲǹģȻġ
ܶܶʮòã
ˣˡ
Ÿ˵æ
һʦˡ
Ȼģôõѩ˾ûˣҲû취ֻõΣҲʮĻˡ
ȴôҲû뵽ڶյʮϢģ֪ʲôʱѧ˸ѩˣ¹ĳ£ΩΩФӨ񣬻˺öСѩ˷ڱϡ
[ڣүѩˣô]
[˵]
[׼ٰŸˡ]
[쿼ԣͣ]
[]
ԣ쿼ԡ
಻һĴ󣬽ҶúԶû棬˼ڳɼϡ
ʱѾ˹ķΧֵԵϹ˺ͲʵƣһһرÿСİ̴۰ʲôʲôʱżҪˣö㣬ò֡
꣬ʦҲ⣬ӰӵĺܿԾĳˣõɼһ̣еʧ꼶˼ʮܷҲ˵㣬˭Ƿһʱء
˵ⲻ󣬵Ӳʵģƶһѵķֺܿ쵫ҲۣҪҪսһ¡
ҲûӦˡôõ»ÿ𣬿ѧ͸߶ѧˣܽˣԽԽˡ
Լÿŵӻֵ»棬ĸСʱһһٻȥϰˢ⣬һ˶ûУѵ徲˵⹫岻ãҪǱչˡ
֪ǻӣ˵СܲˣһһںǸ˴ҵˣ˵Ҫһڻ
˺ü죬ȥ棬˵ûʱ䣬һ׷°ˡ
ã
Ҳ̫ƴˣ㿼廪
һ˵仰ڶñˣϾĳɼôŬҲ廪ˢһ׾ӣϣϸָڼϸƵģأŬ廪ܻȺţŬƴĻҲû廪
ûô룬뾡ԼŬ
ַ֪⻰ǧܱ迴ˣȻᱻġ
ʶÿʼͲ飬ϿβǿС˵ŪģڴûȰ̲סȰ䣬ʵҲǺѡ
ǰҲúѣԴӸͬ˺󣬿˼ά˱仯ҵ˺ʵķԼеġ
Ǳ߷
򴽣˼ֹȥûôѵģá
ס
㲻ȰҶɣֲǲ֪ҾԹۡڻûüأԻֵһϢ˵ǻǺýá
æѴõָɾˡ
ãҸտԤ䣬ȥŮɽѩȥȻȹûʱˣҪŰݣˡ
ںΪѣ߲˵˵ġ
ҲҪݽϰ黹ĩϿλ¿أһ
Ҫɡ
ѽ
ԥ˻ỹǾܾˣѸΣҪųȥ棬Ҳ̫Բˡʱô㣬ҲһֱΣϹ˶Ҫݡ
еȸС
⼸ĸص𽫳еĽǿ鲻вǿ飬ûҧŸѧĲţĻ˵֪ʶǽھ֪ʶģ֪ʶˣ֪ʶȻȻͶˡ
-
û뵽˵ͨȻеȥ˼빤Ǿ仰Ҫݽϣ˸ۿˡˣڻ˵ʲô׼ȷ˵͵ڡ
Ҳͦȥѩģһꡣһǽ˭Ҳڼңȥȥġ
죬⼸̶ˣ˸ףķСҲڰжţֻǲһࡣȣҪϤЩʱӶԱӴһʱ䣬һԹη
ŮɽĺԸЩһЩǸСξ㣬һ·˲٣ڵһõ⴩˵㣬û뵽Ÿоߡ
ܿ˷ܸס䣬ޱ߼ʵİףͺͺ֦϶ѩﲻ̾Ҳ̫˰ɡ
øƵģףñӶˣִ㵵Ŀѩ磬زסЦ⣬߹ȥʣѩ˲
ѡڿᶨĵͷ
ǳ磬̧°ͣȥɡ
ڴźɫɵ޷ϱأֻ죬ǰã¶ѩ˰
û뵽ô䡣̺ƶ˼£ڵĻһһѩҹȥʮǷ˵ң
˵ܻѩҹȥ
˸ŵӦ£ܻ̺ƣëб±ܣҵš
ҲѩãڸҰס
˵ž׷ȥúڣһôҲˣû뵽͹̺ƵսۿŮ·磬ϵȥҲˡ
̺ƱȺŹﱻһѩҲŹŪ޵ġκβԣһֿʼˣҸ˰ɣҲ֪˵ʲô˶𹥻
æǰæû뵽ӭ͵ıѩ֪ôһھһתܣⲻ֪һ£ۿҪܽӴۼֿȥ
ڻͷϣҲ䣬ˣϽǡ
Ц˵á
̺ƺ˻úܣʤ׷˹󣬶׼ڡ˻ں棬һ˵ʱֻܽˡ
ڴӺ͵Ϯ
ۿѩɹ뻳ţţӦڣ
ʱЪ˱뷨ۿ۾Ƥѩ׾͸ͺ޵ģӣƵģĿⲻȻĴ¹ǵĻҲƲס޲Ҿһ㡣


29 
濪, ǵڶЩ£첻Ĵңȥ˰ðԡ
ûʲôθ, ˱ˮ, ˼ڣɳһԴģͿ棬֪ʲôʱ˯ȥˣǱ绰ѵġ
ġ
һʱɿ, ӲͷƤǸ˵, йȥ, ˼𡣡
ôƳ, ǲǸðˣ
, е㡣ӡ
ҩû
˵ˡ
𣺡Ǿͺãȥ˯һ
š
˵绰, ִ˴׼ȥ˯һ, ʱ, ȻԿ궯̧ſڿȥ
ǻ˻ǳ´ͬ
ûüӦ, žͿˣӡǳ, , Ųɫ, ɫװ㣬һ˫²ɵЬ
磿һĲš
ڽŹϣһԣЦ߹ڵԴʣɵˣ
գգ۾е㲻ţ㲻˵Ҫ𣿡
¡ڲ˵
磬Ҳ㡣ڸ˵İųڵֱ۲ţ˵ֿԳˡ
ڳĿһΣ˳Իʲô
ͷЦӯӯ˵и硣
ѽһ𡣡
Ųأġ

ڵĻҶһ˿һ´ͬͻҲˣ»ԻôѹҲҷǳ˶Բ˿ìܵӣ˵Цġ
ˣæʰ꣬´ͬͳɳɽţһûһţڱȥ˳æ
Ū˺Ըط䣬ûʲô¾ûţھÿǳڡ
Ȼڽһ۾ͿϷ飬ڿ飿
ڵͷţ࿴๮̡
Ǻ¡˵һ㱨ѵţ˭֪ҼôԸͰѳɼˡ
ҡͷͬĹ͡
ÿħڣŬ˽Ҳûã˵׻Ĺ͡
һ㶼ĶĿޣҺûôŬҲûá̻һֽ˼άôܸ֪ʶ㡭
ǻúúллпգԷ
Ӧۡ
ӺĶԻе֪һϴѧһ߸ͬѧ˸ңҺ˳ӵ˵ӣ׬ĵһͰһ˳ȥ·ҲԵġ
ؼҺڿڲϢ𣿡
˶ʮӣǱ߻أôˣ
⼸пҸˣԷл⼸¶չˡڿڴͷϣָֻôλƵĵƹϣĵøЩ
𣺡ˡ
ڲʣΪʲôѽ
𣺡֮ͣô鷳
ڣ鷳
ô룬Ǿܾˡ
ۿм꣬Ҫϼȥүү̣ʵǽӹںͳ»Ҳȥˣòͣһѧϰ¡
ϼ£ʲô㣬ҲϰߣҲҪͼȣЪһظϡ
үүסһȥ˶ңʵ۰ӣհ۶仰һġ
ųˣʲôʲôʲôʲôȻԶϽͷĲʳˡ
˵žˡ
ҵ꿪ʮ꣬ζ˹ϵڣΨһĲľ̫ˣÿҪȣҲ⣬ôûû뵽澹ȻˣŶʮӾֵˡ
ôҲû뵽ˣǿɢţͷֻĲ
̺ţ֪˵ʲôһֱûͣ
ǰļ򣬡ףҲԷ
̧ͷûü˵ͱ̺ˣӴڣҲԷϽһԡ
أҸҵһġЦ˵һתͷͿԱͳǶں档
̺ƣʲô˶֣Ÿ㡣
ͬѧ𣿡ڱʱߴ̺ƺһ˿̽Ҳһ˿衣ǸŮû˵ĸкƺӡ
ڵͷ߻û˵̺ҽܵãҽ̺ƣ𣬸ͬѧ
Ǻãڵĸڡ
ôһҲһûϲˡ̺ͷˣ˵žȥڣˣƵĳԱ˵鷳ײ;߹
áԱ˵ž͹ȥˡ
εҡҡͷֻԱȻ뵽ʲôȴ̺ƺͳĵǽиͶ岻ȥ
䣬ԱѲ˵ùҪҪӲˣּ޵ȻڳΨһŮʿڡƫͷ𣬡ʲô
У㿴ŵ㡣Ҳû뵽ڣ硣
üûƺԲ˵㣬װɫĳ޷Сӹ棬ͷɢţſſĺͷһÿĻȣǶȿȥСﴹŲ˵۽ʱʱԲСɣ΢΢š
ڶĻشʾ⣬ü΢ҪҵǲϲĶզ죿
ȻŲߣ˿ڲˮɫ͵ͳģеɳƣᡣ
£ʣҵʲô㶼ԣ
𣺡ʳ
ģ
šﶼļӰɤﶼЦ⡣
õĻشڵͷĹȥˡһĻȫȫĿԾššü
˺ܿˣò϶ˣϽģʲôԱҲ١
̺ŷŹڡ
ӵĵһ¾ǸڼϲԵĲˣﶼų磬Ե㣬ˡ
ûݣ⼸컹˵㡣ڲ˼Ŀ̺ƣ磬ҲԣԼС
ˣ磬Ҹ֣صĽһͬѧϰϰ˺ܶܶࡣ
ҵ˵ˡ
ھ㵣ȴ¶ֺ˵ǻɣ⵱ζþһлڵչˡ֮ǰ˵Էţ˵ûʱ䣬û뵽ˡ
˵žͳԱҪƿơơ
ܳϴһֲȻͬѧӦõġ
Ҫлл㡣ȸΪ
ˡͷϸæѾƸˡ
ֵڶۿҪæֹ磬˼˼ˣȻˡԵ˰ɣҵÿɶˡ
̺Ц˵Ҳ֪ôȸ߰ƿû⡣
ôڲĿ
⿴۳ڣӲסû̺Ʊֿڣֻһ䣬Ϲ˵
ֵƣֱ磬Ҳٺȵ㡣
û¡
Ȼ˲ŽǲǺ
ں¹ЦЦİɣ粻
ڼ֣ҲУǶԲˡ
ãģԲˡڿڵĿˮֽվ΢˲ǣЦˣŪϡ
磡ں޲Ҹضȥ⻹أͬѧ֪ô롣
ôϰС
ĿһĻ㶣ﲻԣ


30 
극ѾһСʱ, ڻûȰס˶˵㣬Ҳ
ǸûȻе, ̨׶ܲȿ, æ˷סǵģ˵Ǳȱȡ
У´βˡһЦţС塣
һۣ´Σ
æ, û´ˡ
治֪ʲôʱС꣬ش, ڵӲԾز, æ££ס
ʱ»Ѿе⳵, ֪ǳڵԭ, ĳˣ⼸Եò񻰡
ڳϡ
ڱôһѶ, ˣתͷ, һڡ
ţ̧ͷ
ͬѧ죿
Сڲ, һͬһҺ, οһֱѧϰϰҡ
ڵͷװµĿ۴, αְ˰̫Ѩ, , ˵ͦĵġ
ͦĵġ⻰ھ˫˫޳ɡ
üʣ˶ôģ
ҡͷ
״ǵĻ΢΢ס˵ѧڲŷֹģǰ̫ռͬıʦǰɼΪ֯ѧϰС飬ͦЧģ඼ʼЧ¡
ԣڵüͷչ
ȻȷʵҲʵʵҵѧϰɼʿˮ˵ҺܴϣǺܸлٿС˵һǶһݡ
˵ô˯Ҹûһ˿Թԡм䶼Ÿм
ţֿʼšü
Сʱҵңͳ´֪ͬǺͺ˻ǴʲôЭ飬ͦõģǢһɳϿӣŹӰŻһûһš
ûȥ˸кͻطˣ˯ȥϴϴֻһδϢ
̺ưСʱǰġ
𣿡
ڼ˸ͷں棬أˡ
Ǳأû뵽Ȼ磬ͦɵĹ
ǰͦɡ
ҲͱǴ꣬Ը˹ң׬ĵһͰ𣬳˧˻ֲܿϺ󡣡

⻰ڻ治֪ôӣ̺Ƶķĥ£̺ƣǲң
ʲô£û¡
Ŷ
׼ֻ˯ˣȻ⼸ͲȥˣʱϸҲܹȥ˺áڻʱҲ蹻ˣðջдҵҪ
ˡ
Ϣˡüֺܿɿ̺ƷģǸи㡣
ڲ⣺ʡ
еð

ǣǸͻȻô㲻һհ
Իﵯ䣬ڳ췭˸ۣϸָڼãΪʲôءҼ̸Ķӡ
̺ƣ˼ڡ
û¡ô£ھԼ˲٣ںĶԽԽװԼѹ塣ʲôȥ룬ֻҪûһ컹ֵͦġ
-
Լѩ׷ɵһͥһԷ¼үү̼һңߵģʮˣǰӣ˵ЦĺȾƵĺȾƣԷĳԷ
ǳţǰôͷˣ˵̧ͷЦЦӦ䡣
ʱ򶼵ͷ͸ˡ
ȥ룬ŲȥϲʵҲУҪȥ͸͸
û뵽ϴ̨˳ţջĿ⣬ûк̩Ȼšˮͷ
һԾĵš
ϴˣֽϵˮգû
ſżɽ˵ڣл˵Ҹĵط𣿡
һۣҸûʲô˵ġ
֪㲻˵Ƿһ䱧Ǹ
ԣڽһ١
ŴӺƹҲ˵۹⣬˵ԲǷġ
ҹˣ֪ʲôɱ۾
ھĿƺĿ˻ںޣǿɿڣȥ˵ɡģҪϼֲۣڡ
æӦá
˸û˵ĵط
û˼ˣ˵ʵڵģ¼Ҿ̲ס㡣֪ΪʲôΪ㴩СҲÿһӾͰұȥˡ˵ԺǴ󲮵ŮǳڸãҵʱͿˣͺ㣬ΪʲôҪҵĴ󲮺ͳڸ硣֪㲢ǳ¼ҵѪҿʼմմϲڴǰڣǰ޲У㲻ŭҸˡ
㳤ԽԽÿΧ˶ҸȣҲġɼһֱ㣬ɻûκ㣬ô׾ٴ֮ӵȦӣҾ첻ƽѺ˶㣬ˮŽ¶˳ȥ
Ӧã½·ԽԽԶǴΣҪ治֪
˵žͲ˲ᡣ
ڲΪŴһ仰û˵ȷĻڹˣмı
˻˵˺ܾõجΣȥҽˡ
ڻûӻҪǴμʱõ쳣ǵļƻȥþͻ̸УѧؼӣŰһϵе¡
롣
˵ˣظ˵֪Ҷ˲ĥ˺ҲԭʲôģѭİѸ˽ᣬ¿ʼ
һԵ˵ף¿ʼһ˳
Ҳǡ
СŮûôͺޣɱ۾ʱͷͺá
һǰһ˰˸ظңɫ͵ذģȻսžʹ衣
ڻ˷䣬Ъ˻ϰóһⲻ֪ô⣬𽲹ԼԼǵһ㣬費ȫ
ץͷģֻϢɽֹܾ꣬ò̫á
Ƿˣһ䣬ҲżҪæĻæ˵ͻȻ벻ˡ
š
ڲ¶ǳڣ¶ˡڼָűʣֿϷϰᣬʣˢ⣿
š¡
ҲϢϢЦ˵ѧϰȻҪҲԼ̫ˡ
û⼸ɢˡȷʵûÿҪȥԼھ˯ȻѣϹ࣬ʱʱȥԷҪôһ磬Ҫôһ磬һ͹ȥˡ
̬Ȳɹġ
ڿյ˵ѽ̹ⶼˡ
߹üʣ⣿ҿ
һָ
˻ü漴˫ֳ࣬ǰĺ󣿲ֵ
ϸϸĥ⣬ڿʼ˵˼·˵˵ŲзӦʣû
磬ҡҡû˼˵ڣ˼·񲻴һ
ڿţ
ֻˡ˼
Ԥģæһ
⣺õȲΪ{an}ΪdǰnΪSn.
֪nN_n=2
C-A=C-A=C-A=-5x4=100a1=100.

ûûٸһϸڡ
˲Ȼϲ񣬰ֻƵڸǰԶԣģ磬㿴
һ
ע߻»濴һȷʵ𿼾ݣ˼·׾ˡ
ٿڣͷʸꡣǵĻȶֵˣдﶼزסЦ⡣
£ԼԼᵽһ˿ΣС
л˵
עѧԴ 𿼾


31 
д̧ͷ, ַھఴɨܣһ, أ
ջ, ʲôʱˣ
æһԵֻ绰һˣûüϸյڵϢ[Ұ˵£Ȼ㡣]
[á]ŷˡ
̻˷źͯЦԼһһĹĺ
, ϳ°ͿûЦЦ, һջϰϡ
ˡ
ֻ, һ, ģ[û]
[ô컹⣿]
[Ҽǵ֮ǰ, ﻹеӡ󣬲֪ôͻȻˣֽһ, ϶ˡ]
[ϢϢˡ]
ڿα, Ƶ֣[, ͸ճ극ûʲô£ŷ]
Ǳһֱûء
ֻ, ̾˿ڱϣʰɾ, ֻһ, 쳣, æû뵽Ƿģйͬѧף
һһظ
գ۶ʮӾ͹ȥˣؽŷ𼸷ǰѾعˣ[]
[ˡ]ֻԥһͺܼķ֡ǻڿ죬ôȥⲻ˱ȥģʲôˣʲô
붼
[аɡ]
[֣ڣ]
򴽻أ[֣]
ܿյӦ¡̺Ƶ˵룬ڻǻؾˣֻòĵ˵[ֲ浽˵ˣʲôӣ㶼ҿ]
[˵ȻʮһֺӣĲ]
[Ͳˡ]
Ϊѣ֪ôʱԻֵһϢ[Ҫҹ㣿]
[һ]
[ţһġ]
̾˿εĻأ[ԣһܳ]
ʱš
ǳڣһڷأֵͦģҲǺ䣬ҪҪȥתת
ۡ˾˵ˮڸ˵ò֪˵ʲôá
Цôģ
ڵͷǵȻ
·Ȼ黧ˣڳڣҲʣ»ȫ¶дȥܲܲãϴôһ˵бˡ
Сһǣӭȥ˸ʣҲ𣿡
ͶˣЦ˵ⲻˡǸ̻һ¡
ҸҸһġ۶ǰ紵ҵ鷢ͬʱ۳ڡ
̺߳ûü˵Ȼһʲô൱ǵĸ硣ҲͱǴһ꣬治һ顣
Ȼͬѧһȥ档ɨȺһϤףȻǵЦ⣬˾䣬Ǵȥ棿
̻Ҹط
ҸŰɣ
ⲻ⡣
ŮӣڵûʲôĵġʵͬѧҲҪȷһ¡
һȥ΢һ˿⣬ȴֲ䣬ŵ̻ķΧڣһȥȫˣϵٵеŮģߡݡûϹصһŲɫĹâ˰žһѤţҹա
úӦȫ£˷ˣ̺棬׷׷ȥĴ֡
ڵСֻ
ڣѽɺˣԡó֣СģϽܡ
żĳ»æҲŲǸһ˼ûС
ȻСˡЦڣܵҪ硣
ʵڲôȤһЦ棡
ڱ̺һ档˵ԵһתͿͬ侲ʣôȥ棿
û˼
üֺܿɿʣôû˼ˣ
һڡ
ţ
֮ǰ˵Ǿ䲻㡣
ûʣʲô
ֱǵĻƲסǰŲһһֱܿԷ
ʱѤõ̻Ⱥ·ѵһеһж·𶼲ڡ
ͳ֣أ֣
ڻûü˵ͱײһ£ûסڱۼֿ¡
ллѽµһҪԽԽãЦţ۾Ρ
һ˵ѭһȵ߿ȥ˳ڵĿ⡣
ȷϹǶеˡ
һ٣Ƿˡ
ײڵǸ͵Ị̇æתǸ˵ûû£˸֡
ۣǡ
Ը
æ˫ֺʮ۾ĬϣԸϴѧ
ԣ벻¼Aһ׵û뵽ԼһҲôɵ£ͷԵѧ˫ֺʮۡ
Ҳϲҡ
-
һ
˯Ȼѣ½½ڳæԲںͳһԴ֡
ӣûִװģԼࡣųʣ̣Ӳ𣿡
ȥΧȹϲ˲ϵˮգ˵žͳȥˡ
ʱˡ
ڻԼ˻ǰĵһ˭ڼҿļһ֣Ҳᾡƣɿϡ
Ҳˣһƽ̧ͷȥţǶǹˡ
šڵͷ
һһỹЦŮǳ𣿡
ǣ
ҳ´ͬڼ𣿡
ڡڡ
һµץץͷʲôµȽڳͿĻŮ˴źɫ޷Լʮ꣬С΢΢¡￴˼ջĿʣҿԽ𣿡
ڻеĻأ
ɵǳ¼үүմ·Ůӭȥǳ´ͬİְɣ
尢̺á
ˣ
´ͬ˶ˣšüǳ⣬ʲôϽȥ
ȥ㡣˵žǰ˫סļơ
ȻˣôܱţһգΪʲôҪȥûû𣿡䣬һַںһӣ۾˵ͺˣʣǲǲҪˣ
ˣ
үүȷӦĿ⾼Ķų´ͬʣôһ£˭
´ͬͷˣ״ǰһ壬ҽгһʶģʱ˵˼ţַ׷ҡҲ֪û飬ҶӸ󾭳ʧҲǲѲš
һδƭûУ֪Ҫң˵ϳ¼Ҷˡ
һѱһ˵ҽҲ£尢Ҳڣ鷳Ȼ´ͬŵҸ𣬶ԺӸҲˣϳ¼ҵѪڡ
Ȼ£߹ȥס֣ӣޣϺˣϳ¼һ
ذ̣޵ڳ̵Ļ
֪ߣһ㲻⣬ǻķӦƵġ
ܾ֮ǰƲסԼǶ룬Ҳ˭¶
֪ôƽΪ´ͬˣҪ룬ö档
Ŀǰ׷Ȼǳ´ͬģԸסһ㲻ҪҲǰ֪ÿ¸ѣչ˳»Լǰڻڸ鷽棬棬͵ñ˵лС
ôԽ벻Ӧɡ
-
ڳ飬үүЩǵģֱֹŰ壬޲þų´ͬĶŮȥأһӶΧɷתûʲô棬ͬǰŮ޵úܣȻˣҲϧǿ⣬ôų¼ҵѪ
´ͬǸӣѹûȢҲ˵ǮҪҲ
ʱһ䡣
ںôģھͲ֪ˣŻãѧҪסУ뷨
ǰԥ˺ܾã˺öǣû뵽һûϣˬӦˣ˵Ҳһֱ£뻻ɢɢģ»Զտš
һۡ
ھÿ춼޲գ۾͵ѧʱ䡣˳Էʱ䶼ڷ
ڣҲܱܡ
죬һ㣬ڳ緹׼ط䣬ڰסڣȻһȥˡ
ġŶһ
ܿ˳ţţ˭ҲûڣֱСۿɫͳڣ۴˵Ĺϵô䶼ӰǣǣǣԶ硣
򴽡
ɷϣȷʵӰˡֵ׼ƲסıӰ졣
Զվ󡣡
˼룬ίĲ㲻ˡ
͵ҡͷ
״ͷЦ˵֪ҵ᲻á˵ԱߵĳУֱ
ʲôŸ绹ڼҸ¶һ֡ƫͷӼǶ罷ͷ
ǡ
绰ˡ
æһȴǸûбעȴϤòϤĺ룬üͷԾš
л˵
Ϧѽ


32 
ֻ߬߬, ƫͷԳ˵磬ҳȥӸ绰
, Ӧȥɡ
תһ˲, £첽ߵɫͨڣĻ˺üŰ½
ڡ
ںһϡ
䣬绰ͷٴδص, ǰְ֡
˰룬ñᡮš, ԭЩ֪, ǰڴ֪ôؽ쾹͸һİ
Ĭ˻, ͷ˵, ְǰʱְˣæڲǿ, ְ֪㣬㲻ְְְɡ
ᡣ˳ƴ, ɫ, ᵽûһ˿翡
أְֹˡ
ѿڶе֡
绰ͷΣ, ſڵţְϾ͹
š
˵绰, ʶȥ, ·һ, ʲôǵˣ˸߳һ
ûξ͹ˣŸĺɫ³ڴ򿪳˸ʻĺһְ֡
αӱʣ緹𣿡
ڵͷ
ְֻ𣿡
ûСʵ˵
̾˿˵ְֹԽԽæˣʱ˼ɲ㡣ҪְҲҰְ֡
áڴӦȥҲһܽţŮ˼㣬Ҹĳ޲ûʱ䵭Ը˹ӣֻ
ûҪûȤҲûҪȥ¡
δȥһһµƷꡣ
ν͵Ƶǰ˵ʲôԼ㣬Ҫְֿ
ְ֮æΪְˣԺǮҲԽԽࡣ
ֻ˸СݵĲݮѩμ״˷ԱƼһĨ춹һ̲裬Լһȡ
һûһţʣڹȫ˵
ʵɼڲ΢˵˵˼䣬ҲûʲôκĵĿ޵ɴˣͻͽʱ϶ܿôѧְ㡣
û뵽һ˸ܶϡҸ嶼Ƕȥ˲˸һɸɼʮ꣬ƾҪúŬԺҸ칫ҵĹ
ڵͷ˿ڲ̣ϸϸģš
ˣܵܣ󣬲Ÿոһ꣬ô·˵žͰֻ򿪣ݵǰﶼزסЦ⣬һƤúܣٴ㡣
ڿһۣӸͷųĹ˲ջȥˡ
ʲôҲûڷӵϲУðβֻʣʲôְִȥ
ְֻû취ˡ
С۽£ƵģǱʲôס˰㡣ǰԽԽİѾǱ˵İְˡһ꣬βʮ춼ûһ绰
һʼͲȫ
¿ۣӰͳһſƵڸǰѹ˵ڣǰְĿţգְÿ»ٸ㵱㻨ǮԺְûôˡ
㲻Ҫְְ֡
Ķſµֻţƺһ㶼ۣûӿһɬ
ʶˮֱ壬΢΢Ŭƻȥ
Ȼ绰ˡ
εġֻæϳһ˿ţµ˵û쵼Ը˵㼱£ûüǡ
Уϻ
˵绰վε˵ڣְֲ緹ˣеµϸϻȥ
ǮʲôԼȥ
˵˾ˣߵúܿ죬׷ȥƵġ
֪ıӰԽԽģǱˮסˣڿ޳Խ޳
չ꣬æݳԲʲôģûƷ꣬ο㡣
ķӰܰ˸Żȥ
Ǹ⣬ûݣҲûԲǱֱƳƷ
û뵽ڡ
û뵽ĶԻǱ˺˰㣬һһۣæǰֹҪȥοʵķԱС˵ʶȥæԼġߵڵԱߡ
ڶ£ĵĵ޸ȫй
˺þúþá
ڲŻعԼƷ꣬޵Ҳ̫ˣְģӲͷƤ̧ͷܣȴôҲû뵽Ŀԣʱ㶵ģΪۻˡ
գգ
ߣȥطûڷӦ˵ߣ⳵ȥ˾˵ȥͽֳ
һǳɣڲڰ㣬漴ֻó档
أ䴽ʲôû˵˵ʵе㺦ЩʲôҲ֪ʲôʱģһ̣ʲô˵ġ
תͷ⣬ﶼһ˿ʣô塣
ֳ
˲Ǻܶ࣬һ˿ƣ濨
ʲôҵģ˲䱻ˣ浽Ҫȥʱӵģָʦʮ㣬ˣһȦûϵԽԽ˼Ҫһȡ
ȥ˹ɽڴвõͨźйȥۿʱ䲻ˣס²һĿĵصڣεʣ
ҡͷ
һ绰ˡ
һ˶ˣƴ˲ɿϣĺһ硣
绰ͷżȥˣûУ绰ҲӣҶȥˡ
磬û¡ʱ˸˵һԲ𡣡
ģ
ڤ£˵ֳ֡
ڴصĴϢͨţ㡣
á绰ﴫཱུڽֻ߬һա
ʣôˣ
û¡ǣĶ̫ˣһ˵ھ˵ˣתƻ⣬Ҷû𣿡
һáüʣ𣿡
ڡš¡
˸ڷţһһģ˭ҲûƷ¡
ʮӳھ͵ˣӳ⳵ĵһȿڣܿ쿴Աߵ
˰һ˵Цġ
ϵЦһ߹ȥɫͳڡ
æվ磬ˡ˵ͳЦ˵ллˣȥɣѧ
ڱͷƽӹȥպöϳڵĿ⣬ûһڵĴ̽͵⡣
ʼ磬ջĿ⣬ǹǳǳĻȣţѧ
һǸƢõˣദô꣬ûôڿһЦݶû̲ס顣
λ˼ȷʵʱһԵľ͸ˣһǣô绰ôŶûӦ϶ˡڰί˵磬Ҵˣԭκòã
Ҳǹġ
治ǹģҡû´ˡ
ڴʣ绰ˣ
һʱûӦ˭
𡣡˵ֳں˿ȷʵеʧˡ
ǲǡæͣҴĵ绰Ǳˡ
˳ʣ˭
Ĭ˺һڲС˵Ұְ֡
ԣ˽һЩʲôҲûʣס֣ȵĴְǱСִǰߡ
-
ǵӣӰԽԽģ𲻼ջĿ⣬תߵ·ߴ򳵣˫ֲ嶵Ȼ뵽ʲôЦ
Сһﵽ׸˶У


33 
ڽǰʰ, ȵѧ죬סôķЩ˸УϾһҲزˡ
үӦ, ûþưôꡣ
ѧУ, סУǰύȥˣڴȥѶˣϤϤȥǡ
ð·ˡ
÷Ҫһȥֻ֮ͬˡ
Ůȥ
Ҳ̫ˣǰ죬绹硣ô˫Ь, Сţﶼǲزסķ, ˭֪˵
ڽ˾, ˭֪ء
Թ˼, ʣ, ôסУˣ
ϰ㡣˸ڡڴҲʲôٵ£ûҪŪ˶֪
ͷҲǹ, Ѫ˵ҪҲסУˡ
ڿһ˵, 㰡, ڼסúúõľͱϹˣѧУм
˵, 尢Ҳ㡣
ʲôĵģֲСˡ˵, ǶҪϰ, ҲҪϰû˵, ֪ͻͦǵģⲻסУˣҲиӦ
Դϴºܼҷ򸾾ͰõİȫñʲôҪŮֱʲôɾĶճˡ
ھĻҲеȷʵҲҪɵö࣬룬ڼҵ̶ܳȣĸҲֵá
ʼ˵˵ȻͲôˡ
Ϊʲôòʡ
̵ĵ˴һͲķס˺üˣʲôǹá
˵ž͵ˣ޹̵ܰǼϢǽȥڱֵ620ңһִ¥㣬ҲҪ¥˵¥ĻסˣʵҪ͵ҲУֻܼһ¥ľͱȽϿ
ԥѡ¥ģо仰˶¶ࡣ
ڲǸóͨˣԸ¥ݣʵ֤ûѡ620ֻס
һͩ⻹û˵ġ
ͩðǣϲòˣڣû뵽ҲסУˣҷֵһᡣԺǾͿһ𴲣һȥϿΣϰһ
ЦĻأۡͩȷʵǸ֮ϲ
⻰ͲζˣܣС˵㣬ڸɾ࣬ҲС˵㣬Ҳֲ֣ǲ˯˵ڣҾҲҪסУ
ԣڷȷϣˣ
šصͷ˵ֻ͸绰
ͩһ˵˵ҲҪסУ̫ˣԺʲôһ顣
ǲ֪ӴĿƶģõøһƵģǰҿĽˡ
ЦŻأڿʼĽˡ
̧̧ͩ°ͣһĽĽˡ

-
һѧʽʼ
λ΢£ûκӰ죬ͬͩǰ档
˾ѧڵĥѾˣټ⼸Ӱ룬ԼѧϰĿȣֱҵһԼ
ö̲סԴףֲŪԼȺҧϰصһˢ⡣
ƶǶ
ͷۻǷ죬ʵڿȥˣãҪ˾ȥ˯ɣ
ҸͩŪҲҪ˯ˡ
һˣ۾˵ûû£ڡû˵ִ˸Ƿ
ЦˣϽȥ˯
˴˲ûˣСĵķӣ´ǡ
ȥ˶šü˵Ȼûн˼·˺һڡ
ôˣ
Ҫ벻ͱˣԹȻʧߵȺܶಡ֢ģȥ¡Ȼ뵽ʲôæҴ˵ˣ׼ʲô
һ±ƣʲôʲô
û˸˯ˣſڴϣֱΪ֧ŵ㣬ķʣ㲻᲻֪ɣ
հ27š
𣿡ҡҡͷ˵һ治֪
ұҲ֪ģͽεʱһ졣
׼ʲôʡ϶ҪģʲôͲˣ˼ҿϣԼֳܲ
ûʵ͸϶˽æᣬ˵ûʲôͷ£ˡ
ߵĻʻȥˣԸֱϵ⣬ôͻȻˣõļҾǱȲӦһȺˣҲǮѽ
ͩ˵ǶҪ𣿡
ûأúõͬѧ϶͡
ڸŵͷ
ͩץץͷ˵ǰҲŮһҲû
ӦûհɡϾϴ͵Ҳˣ˵ղ£Ͳҵ¡ѧϰϰô࣬ñʾһ¡
ͩͬĵͷǲҲͣٸգǵʱεġ
ʲôεģֲϲ˵ñӰԼøʵЩ
ҲԸо䣬ȥѴˡ
λƵƹ£˭ҲûƼͩ˲ȾһĨϼ
뵽£һ϶ûô˯ãڶ춥źȦȥ˽ң̺ƳЦڣʲôȥˣ

ֱҲһȦ̺Ц͵͵Ļȥ˰ɣ
⻰һܵͬѧ̲סҸضȥܣǹŲӣǻԲ˵̺ƣô벻ȥμӰƥĴصȽԲĲŻ
ֿ죬ʮ㣬ǹһ
껹һһ㶵ģӦһһ俪ʼ˵̺ˡ
ܿȥ
ӵڶ οʼڴǷƵԽԽƵˣñʴ˴ֱۣѹʣû˯ã
Դš
ôۿǳЦ⡣ʵ棬ʶôã˭֪ѧϰԽԼϿԶǺ״̬´ǰǻҲҪ̬ȶȥԼ
ǰףںȻˣû˯ܲ𣿡
ֲҲ˯ЦԽԡ
㡣Ĺĵ˵Ͱͷתһȥû̲סƫһȥڸ
ǵĻ󣬡úúãҵԭ򡣿϶ɳ˹굽ȥˣŵһ϶û˯ãΪԱǸ⣬ͬѧſ˯Сڿ𣿡
ûסЦ
üȻỹڿΣ˯᣿
ڹִҡͷ¿˵
֪ȰҲͲȰˣšƿǵݸ˵ȵˮûôˡ
ڽӹ๾ڡ
ܿ¿Ρ
Ǵμ䣬Ҫȥ٣ſڣæӭȥٳȥ
Ͻ£ůˣŲ˱Թȣһɱ졣
ʮӺܿȥⲻҪȥУڲ鲻ԸĸȥȴôҲû뵽һȥ˸⡣
в󣬵˺ܶ࣬ʵ˷룬һֻܽʮˣֻܴӡӾֵˣʲôûȤҡҡͷ
ǰҲŮӣǵ֣ߵǸ˵ǵֽƯҲȥۡ
Ҳۣ˼ǡ
ѧϰ۲ҪݽϣˣһҸ520š
ǲð۶ϣ

ĶԻȥˣͷһֽŵȷƯиɫ˵Ķ棬ҴСȫ㹻дףŪÿƿӣ壬װƷ
˼òʣʲô
ÿ
ٺÿҲܳԡ
ûӻû׼˵ʲôԱѾŻͲ˳ȥˡ
ǽļ죬Ϊܣúͩû˵Ͻ˻͵͵ǣƵģϾѣһһʮʮ
ÿϵĻдġ
Զһųϵġ
ԸԸԸ
Ҫ﷢ⷢȡ
к·
տ֣



34 
þ⼸ص, ѵ˯ó٣绹ʧ֪ڸʲô, , ˸Ƿѵʣڣôô磿
ů˯šڶԼ˵ϹĹ۵Ƥ, ޲õͷ˯
Լѡ·ҲҪ꣬ҹϲ깤, һ227, ա
ۿʱ䲻, æȥϴ, ߱ߴߣϽ, Сֳٵ
ˡ
Ϊʲô첻ĩ

к, һͩ, ûʲô£˾ˮˮ, ¶ùͨҲɾ
Ӻ, ȥ, ͻȻ, ڣǲʲôǣ
һ飬ʲô
һ̹Ȼ뻹ǲԾǿҾ;ң⼸صģȥҲһܡ
ýӻ
ͩ˵ڣҲ⼸е㷴
ԣԽᶨԼ뷨æͷǡ
˵ʲôˣ˵žȥæ㿪ҵķȥ
Ц׷
-
һε죬ֻϰΡھ̫ҡˣиԭû͵ĸߴϣ̫˼û
ѧͱųȥ棬˷ܵúܡ
Ͼ߶ѧˣʦﰵʩѹ仰߿仰볤ˣҪѧΪԼ𣬱ֻʲôģ߿ĵһˮ룬Ժʲô
Ѱ˼ôͣ
ϣһȺ˼һԣۿԵò˵Ȼȥ裬䣬һ󻶺
ֻûʲôüͷ΢Ŵ׷
״д˵ǣչʣڣôˣǲ岻
ҡͷ
˵ôĲɵģ
𣿡ڻŲ죬üͷֺܿɿ
ֱĶ˿Īţʿˮʣж𣿡
ûûü˵
ϵͩϲУ̲ס˷û뵽
ƲƲ˵ʲôֵģɵӰɡ
ͩǱһˮƵģߵĻȫʻȥƳԱߣʣڣʲô𣿡
һЦԼֵôæֱ˰˵ˣңעϡ
ǡʱ̺˵˸ʲôŪôҹЦ̧⧲Ŀ⽻㣬ڵǳЦ⣬Ʊˡ
ἱٹü£Ǻȵüˣ˲ٳ˳£û졣
Ƥۿɼı˷ɫ
ҵ
ھôҲ˫£ǲԾǳǳĻȡ
˺һ
˳˷̹꣬ǵ磬˽ӡŮֵǰ棬˵˵ЦЦкں棬֪˵ʲôһǻԲķ
£һûһӦţҪͷ־ò̫ãôӵKTV
˰̫Ƶɳ͸͸磬ʵǵճϲˡ
ѧУǽȻֻͬûʵԹƹƫ컡ӭʮӣ̸٬ں޲Ҹضȥ
ڶԷʧתǴ
¡
һˣվ⣬ǰʣôȥ
㡣
ʲôӸµЦʡ
ȥط˵ߣѧУԶҲʮӵľ룬ȥء
ţ̵ģҪҹɫţһԶ׼ĿסԼϣְϸ
תͷһ˿գ߿㡣
ȥģؽβϳЦǺ˾ƣ˿룬ֱĶڡ
ֱУɫʹĵ˶һҫ۵Ĺ⣬ںȻڸԱۡ
Ƕȿֺգգ۾ֻЦû˵һϲ
ԽԽ죬С
𱻹ġʼϷСͬô˵
òƭȥ˰ɣ
ү޼ۡ
ڰһֻۣ˵ɡ
ѧУ˴ӺŽȥŮ¥µȻᣬ˵Ҫȥõ㶫
һˣǰװõģСӱóֱġ
ҵģüָĦţ̧Цʣ
׼򿪣æְ̧סŲӰ˵ڲԿ
ʣʲôʱſԿ
ؼҡ
䣬ЦԽԣӦ˸á֡
ʱڵĵ绰ˣôģż˵ڣȥˣôû㣬û°ɣ
ûû¡ڵĿŲֻ߱߬С˵ҳ˸˵
ʲô
ڱסˣ͵˵ˮڿˣˮ
߶߶˵治𣬴ϵģܣʵҪһ
ţ֪ˡϷʵĿ⣬ڲֱӣɱĴô͸ʲô㣬Լ뷨һ
Ͻ˵Ҳ֪ȥˣϸôò˰ɡ
ûˣҴ绰ʡ
˵ǸƯùȥˡ

绰ﴫ߰Ĳ²⣬ɫԽӲֻĬĬˡ
ԵһЦţﶼŨŨ汻Ưùˡ
ڣ
绰ˣüʣôӣ
̹Ȼ˵ΪʲôҪӣ
һʱýƽʱе㲻һ˵Ǻ˾ƵԵʡ
̰һֻ̣˵ʱ⣬ţʱʱһ顣
ۿĿȶңΡ
ߣ˵Ǽҡ
ڡ
ᡮš
û˵ھֻ֣һۣҲûô࣬һӿ첽KTVߡ
ֺڡ
̧ͷ΢΢üôˣ
ûô
ûôҸһֱ׳˵н㲻𣿡
æ̧ͷֻ۽Ƿ죬ɫ٣·һ˿⣬͹ĺ¹
ˣʡ
һͿ˸ģæ˷ס˵Сĵ㡣Ⱦٺȵ
ȶԼǵġ
ǵĻȲܿƵ˳ƿȥڳĳţһһǰУ߱߱Թ⣬֮һ·ϻûͣ
ҲĿţƢζϸϸĿְۣë׶ſſڸ޲һڣڻһ˿ǡ


35 
ںһ, ̬ǣСƵ;ûôˣײײ, Ц, ѹʣʵϵģǹйŮȥˣ
û뵽ôʣ۾΢æֹϹ˵, ʲôйŮ˿ɶˡ
һ, װĲ
ô, ұ˭ɳ, ˸÷
ڵ˱ˮݹȥ, Ȳ˶پͱȣܵĻԸ
ⲻ, ˾ͺ˼û¡ýӹһڣֱֶ, 㻹ûشأ
ʲô
ճȥˣ
ǳ̾˿, ε˵ܳȥ
˭֪ءϳβ, Ŵսֻ˵ָͻ˵ϲأ
ͺ, ־, æסõ, ˵ʲô
˱˵
ð⿪֣Ҳû
㿴𣿡˵ֱӣһƱҪ֤Լûӡ
֪ðѰĵģϲЦ˻֪ʲô鷳Ǻ˵Ҫ˵ĻҾˡ
̺ˣֿʼɺͶ䣬ҲЩæ˵úúãҲ˵ЩˣҲ˺òã
򴽣׼˵ʲôֱܹۣͩѹ˷ܣڣҪˡ
ߵĻʻȥ˳Ŀ⿴ȥų裬Ͳˡ
ܾ
̺һ˵磬գɨˡ
ҸŮڣڣ
ңڲ֪̺ôͶԼˣæҡͷҲУҲᳪ衣
᣿㿴˭᣿ûȥѧƾŸо𡣡
⻰˵޷ӲͷƤܾ治Уúͩ趼ԣȥ
ʱʱϲ䣬Աȫú֮ͩˡ
˵ͩ
״̺ǰһ뿪ڣˣҳ
䣬һ󻶺
ʱȲӾͳԵȵ̨ԭû٣һ㲻š
һ껹δûôӦֱ۴ʹڲŻعͩץͣðǣҲ̫ˣʲôģ
ͩ侲侲ΰ⿪֣˴걻ץĵط
ͩջϵĿ⣬æǸ˵ڣԲ̫ˡ
û£Ȼˡ
ձƵߵ㣬þˣڼסУÿŵȥȻͽȥˣɢˡ
-
£ԽůͬѧǶ𽥽ӻ˱ոһգܿ쵽µףӭѧڵĵһ¿
ͨʱİرǺ٣ڻͦĵģҲû֮ǰôˡ
ˣ˯žڴϿֻɷ鲻ȥ뿼Ե顣
һOO@@ſͩŵ굽ѹż˵ڣͨҵĺˡ
û˵ͩ˵û뵽һ죬̫ˣڡ̲衣
ܸΪѶڣںϵãͬأ˲ڳ˺ѣѣĴǸȦӣҲ˰ɡ
Ҫ֪ǲŮӵģºͣҲͦ˵ģ¶ɢǿѶ뷨Ů֮ǧ֮⡣
ҲǽӲͷƤˣһû뵽ͨˣ֪ͩʲô˿̵飬ͱһᡣ
ڱˡʿˮ˵ͩ侲侲
侲ˡ侲侲ͩﶼزסЦ⡣
ǿ𰡣

ʱôӴԺģץץͷʣأϵġ
ͩǰͷأûû¡Ͻ˯
ֵĿͩǾ֮е㲻Ծ˵ì˰ɣÿ춼һȥңһҲн˵ûаɣ־ò̫Ƶġ
ôһ廰ͩˣеģÿÿ˵£öģӰ㣬˵ӷǵӣܿĵƵģû·һ
Ҳ۲ˣӦòϲƽʱ̺ƴøȡⷽߣǶⷽȽϳٶۣ±ֵЩҲЩεĻ
֪Ҳû£Ľֲֹһ
˵Ҳֶˣһֻѧϰֻѧϰɼ
ҲŲ˯ء˵žƿ´߹ԹԵļ˵ǵ˵ʲôĻ
˯ʱҲ̫ˡ
˵õˣʲôҪһ飬Ź˼ѽǾˣ
ڣǲǾҲҪˣĿڡ
ڣ
Ҫ˽õӣţæ˵ʲôһ쾡Ϲ¡ҸͩʲôҲû˵Ҳող
ͩæͷ
ÿɲôúŪģֱŤͷҲŲš
ڻûüھͿб̹һԴû˵ܱӰϢ𣿡
컹ҪԲ֪
סˣƽʱûʲôòȷʵǵ⣬ڼ˵ˣʾϽϢúͩصԸ϶ŵĹȥ
˾㲻з㣬Ҳз㡣ǵʱҾһˡ
˳ɼͩõ㣬bڣã˵ĿcҽòԶһԷ
úȻʲôڣŹκһ˿仯ζʣͩһôܣ˵ʲôˣ
û˵ʲôڲϲԺܲ˵ͻȻܼҴϣ˵ʲôͨˣ𣬶ԣ˵ͨˡ
˵𣿡
ڡšһ
ϳ°ͣüͷʣôһ㷴ӦûУ
ڷʣҪʲôӦ
һ¶ˣæѻʻȥתһȦսС˵ͩϲ㲻úܾ𣿡
ͩϲ𣿡ڴ㵵ظһ顣
ô㶼²ðһ˵ϲӸô𣿡
㣬̺ͨĺˣַӦ𣿡
ڳ˼ҡͷ
ǲˡ˻ñ߿ڱ̵˵ϲ°˳˧ɼûҪǻôĸ˸ҵ
Ҳǡһͬĵͷôһ룬ͩȷʵûڣֵûͦԵģҪҪȥȰȰϾһͷҪ߿ˣѧУҲ̸ҪǱʦͼҳ֪ˣ˵صκǵ·
Ըٿ֡
òһѪ˵ЩΪ˵õͬ
֪ڵ룬Ҫ֪˾ͲѪô򵥵ˣҪˡ
-
Ŀת˲ţɼˣر룬֮С
һϸ꣬ڵģĺ˳һ䣬⼸ˣҲûʲô
μſһС׵ûʲôѪɫ
һҲ˾飬ǵôӣɨһۣܣ
򴽡š¡
һˮȵ㡣
лл˵ģӺȻһһ
䣬ͩԾæĵһ䣬ڣôˣﲻ𣿡
ţǸ
ŮӶͩ˵ȵˮӲţʵȥʦ١
ҡͷ
Ҫܵ˸˵
ʵڲ֪ôôۣ˵Ѿֻõͷҡͷ
ͩԽڣ䵽ϣɤ˵ܰҽһԾϵڶʦĲЩˣôҲ㲻ԵĴ𰸡
ԥ˻Ӧš
ͩϲ񡣿˲ڣܲλǰţֻ߿ţԴӽ̨ƹȥǱԾָָ̯
üĿ
أڵ߲׷ˣҲôˣԽԽгĻĪЩۡ
ɡ
šͺˮ


36 
Ͽ, ڶźڰӶתһ£˽ĶΪΣֻ֪, ֲ֪εȥˡ
αϵ΢΢ǰ, ڿϣջĿ⣬¡
ԷûӦ
Ƭ̣ȥܿڲյëûӦ, ֻüʴ˴ֱۡ
ڷƫͷϽߵĿ, 㵵ġ, ͬʱһ, ˵ľ롣
һʦͲͬѧע, ˵ĳɼȶ¿ɼʮ룬꼶˽һ, һֻ۱һֻۣΡ
ȻҲʦھ, ˿, û˵ѽ
һأЦ, ɵĻء
ˡŬƽջȵ, ԹԵ˵, ߷ʦˡ
ûһۡ
˻, ִչȥʣʲôأô񣿡
ſһۣܿջӱֱ˵ûʲô
𣿡£ȵĿϣĴƵ۾ɲ˵ġ
òҰɣҪĲ˾䡣Ѫ붺ȻˣըĻ
ʱϿѾˣǰΪʦ˼·κͷſգȫһ£дˣ˵
ԣᡯºˣ۽̨ջѹ˵ʲô
Цŷʣôʲô
ڣ
һ˵ȻŲĿ⣬ȷʵ𣬾Ͳ뵽֮ǰͩһĻϸ£һ⣬뵽ͩϲϲϲͩأ
Īġ
Ҳ֪ô¡
֪𶺣ʿɶֹ¿αϣ̬תű棬ǵĻƲס̺Ƶ٩磬ضԶ
˹ᡣ
-
һڿǼԵĶһ£Ȼɢɻ
ɽ첻һʦ˵ܾд˶ᣬǸĵһÿ˱ĿϢһ˶ըˡ
ϲǣѧϰõľÿһ첻ڽΣʲõüͷˣƽʱܲҪο˶ᣬ뱨Ŀ
ʦȥδǱ漴ɢ
ͬѧ͵سδӿȥΧøˮйͨһ⣬ôϲ
վһüͷȱȱҡҡͷ
ʱùȺＷ˵ڣɱţʦ˵ÿ˱뱨Ǳֻ꣬ʣ1500׳ܵˡ
ڻ治ͷЩŵǰ˶ʦûӲҪûμӡ
ǰȻΪǼʲô
ǸϽġ

˸Сݺܿͼȥˣǹά򣬵ȻԼˣ˳˸400׵ĶܣһĿκӱҲˣͬʱ˸ȶ˵ɡ
һεǿ缸¿Σȥʳռλáʱգ۾͹ˣɢڼʳߣ˸󻹿λã߳Է˵Ȥ¡
һ̺ˣж̲裬Ȼһ˴һ
ߣˣнһȥӦ˵˳Ǳˡ
£̲һǰһݸұߵͩǰǳЦ̩Ȼϲ˫ֽţ˵лл
ڵĿ֮ǰת̽ʲôúëˣʣʲô
͵ҡͷûʲô
ͷԷ֪˵ԭôûʲôθڣڲˡ
״üֺܿɿƫͷʣˣ
ᡮš
Ϊʲô
ڲ֪ôأһû˵ԾͲ£ôΪʲô
ԣ̧ͩͷʣڣǲǶӻ۰
⻰üæĲΪʲôۣŮⷽܰţһ仰һ͸㶨ٶˡ
һ¡
̺汦㣬⣬ֿʣǵ˵ʲôôһ䶼
Ӧӣ㲻Ͷˡ
ý˵㶮ĲҪϹʡ
̺ץץͷ
ģŪôҶЦˡڻе㲻˼Ͼǫ̃˵е㲻̫ǡ
·ݵůˣر磬һģ˷̻ؽϢ
кҪЩֻϷʲôģŴŻˣӡӰϰ⣬ӺȻˣſЪᣬʱͩǲˣ
ڵͷ
ͩȥ˱ˮһе˵ȵˮӦܻʹ
С˵˾лл
һ˵ʲôллúϢϢȻỹϿءͩ˵꿴һԵ𣬶˼룬˵ܰҿö𣿡
˵ž̽Եİ鱾ǰ
ûʲô¸ɣ̺Ƽûȥ˲һԶţ˳ֻ
׷棬˭ⶼĻͱԸʱˡͩ˲һڵѼѣ͵֮ˡ
Ӧˡ
ڵעһ¾ͱȥˣֱſеŮĽΣ̫ߴڲңϣƽһ˿ʵСʿˮ뵽ʲôһ󵨵뷨Ӵѿ
Լ֪ʲôʱչȥˣ̧ͷʣôˣ
æ˺һ㣬תӣææ˵ûûôٽһ顣
üʣ⻹᣿
ڻŵĵͷҡͷֵͷ
Цˣ۵һĨᣬʣǻỹǲ᣿
ᡣ侲ˡȥ飬ٲǾûˡ
Ĭ£˵һ飿
Ȼͩ
ͩ
ڣ
ӲͷƤӹ޵ӻˣͻôᣬÿĿİͰ͵ģͩܺãһͻˡ
ĿһĻαϳ˼˻ᣬһ䣬ԺвĶ
ֹҪᣬҪὲõڽġ
ڣ
ͩʮֲȻӦ˾䣬ƵĻλ
-
һ ˣԸ֪ñʴ˴üʣʲôأ
ڿһֿۣΧŷӦջĿ͵ҡͷûûʲô
дˡ
ʲô
΢ѹ˵¡
ֱ۾գһ£촩һɫ䣬ɿģһɢǰ鷢üüĿǳ󺣣ŵЦ
˲ǰ鷢Ϸʵû
һ˲ס
ڵر죬æĿ⣬ֱ壬µķҲû㡣
ϲͿֲҪڸ𡣡ãɤӣαζ˵
򴽣û
Ǻ̺Цôݣģ


37 
Ϩƺһ, ڻ˯ţҲ֪Լôˣﷳ, ˵Ϊʲô, ڴСķȥӰ쵽ˡ
֪ʲôʱ˯ȥˡ
㣬ڱѣ۾űӷ˸˯ɸ˯š
һ˯ǳ, ҶˣҲ, ŪOO@@˵
, ôû, Ѳ̫߳, Ȼܿһ졣
õŨŨ
ԣڷ, ߴǷ߿Ц˵Ǯô㿴
Ц˵
˵, Ǯһ죿˵žͰѴϻ·, ʱ򿴵Ůϴˡ
û˯ã϶ûʲô, ۾ɬִ˴
ʰͩ, û˯𣿡
ġš
, ϴ, ܷŵɫ޾ɵģʣʲôȥˣ
ʲôҲûɡ˵žȥϴˡ
糿ʱ䲻ˣһ㲻ҵӾ͸㶨ˣƽʱúͩû뵽췴ˡ
ңûעֻصϣôսϸ˻ᣬЦ˵ڣȥұ˻ΪҺͩˡ
ɲһû˯ã͵ţȥ𣿡
ͩҲûסЦЦ˵ڣӺÿɰ
һۣǾͱЦˡ
ͩôһ˵ͦɰġ
ɲǡ
˽ңܵһ󲨹עǸ˶Ҫһ۾ôˣڿ°ͣһΡ
ףûôƢˡ
ϰˣɶͷԣչȥʣСڣֵˣ
ﶼˡͷҲû̧дҵ˵
˵˵һûŲЦʡ
û
״üѹ˼˵
̺ƵĿһֱתûϷˣæЦ磬˵ȥ˲û˯á
䣬͵תͷž棬̺ƣ
ŵ̺æŲŲ˫ֺϲϴԵֺãѽⲻϹµ
ɱˣ̺Ʋ֪˶ٻˡ
̺ƵڨЦ˵㣬ҴˣҲϹµģҸǸ
Բ𣡶Բ𣡡
ڵɫź˵㡣
˸תȥ̺£ͷ˾䣬ôӦ϶飬Ҳˡ
ַںװ˰һ̧ͷסˡ
ڵӡ
ɶĻΪЦȻ˿ֵ飬̺ƱܱߴûģϰĻΧۣЦţ;ֻмӵϢʱ䣬ܿȥˡ
-
˶ᰲ⼸ͦõģΨ죬ģ˵ָо²
ʱʱһ紵Ƥˡ
ڲμӵĽ磬ûʲô£ɽţԾսֱͩ۵֣Ŀ׷úӦǡ
òμӵ400׶ܺӦ²μӵ800ױ磬𣬲μ1500׳ܣ֪ȥˡʱ㲥ﺰ߶400Ů׼
ãȷɷ飬һǱҪԼѹ
ý˵ݸڣֽž͵ԽԽףε˵˾䣬ڣôһš
ӦšƿǺһˮЦ˵ڶ޲μӱˡ
ͩ͵˵Ըμӻš
ڣ
ܿʦάͬѧǶվӰ˲ͬѧ˵üȵˣæתȥ׼Ǹ
û뵽һû˵еĺڰ˶װŰññѹúܵͣ¶ߣ΢΢͹
ߣվֻ°ʹǶϣĿЦ⣬ѹѹɵĳ£У˲Ծݽȥ
˲©һġ
ʿˮҵıۣ۽޲˼ºתˡ
״˳·ͳﺬŲ̫ԵЦ⣬Ϸʵǲʲô
Բ𣬸ղˡתҴ˵תȥҿ۾
һ䣬ȥ׵֮٣ھһ˸βͦ鷢ûȥ¶ѩ׵ľ𹴴ЦЦְŷ⣬֡
üתͷŭ
ǳЦ˴ü鷢ϸ˵ôƢԽԽˣ
ȵˣҲû˵ʲôͽн㣬ŵȻʱʲô鷳һ£Ҳ֪ĵˣÿζҶ׵ġ޹ίĲ
𣬵ȻʲôҾˡڻûü˵ԱߵͩһûסͰﻰ˵ˣ䣬ֻ۾ˢˢڨڨЦţæҲҲûʲô£ͬͬѧӦû֮ǰҲϰﶼء
ΧҵĻ
עȥڱУ˲಻󣬷յ㣬ŵ˷һһ
ڲ³ˣæȥ룬һΪʹȻûõһҲûβйоصģˡ
ֵӦ£ڰ˲֪˲˳øƯɼǰéŮĽּʵĶ󣬸ȫУеŮ
ҲԼʹ԰༶Ϊ壬Ϊ˹ߣһѷӿȥЦͣ
Ӧ˵һ֮УڼΧȥһ˵һ䣬ǵˮǵëġ
һξ͹ȥˣӭһĿ߶1500׳ܡ
ͬѧվܵǰԤյ㣬Ŷ˿ġ
Ͳһˣʱʱ仰ûһ˿ţƵġǰο㡣
죬Ƶĳ˳ȥ
һޱȼңΧ۵Ѫڣźš𡯵֣ͩһ˱ˣʶץڵֱۣ˱ˡ
İɣ϶õһġҲ۾ϲһ˿ʵ粨ӿˡ
šͩ󺰣ͣ
Цʣڣôѽ
ڵĿӰƶ͵طһԾȵģǵĻƲס̵˵ȡ
϶Ӯġ
ͬʱһյ㣬˼ӹ˵ݹë˲ĿԽˣڵķû뵽Ҳڿ㹴ЦЦ
ջĿ⣬ǱһĪķͣ㶵Ŀãʣ˵ʲô
˵о˽ʶ˺ܾƵġôߴ˵
⻰ڲ֪ôˣĬ˵һ𿴱Ƶģһ㲻⣬ĶıôӮء
ҪôҪôá
㣡˻øֲ̾ôŮϲ
˵껹ײײڵļ򣬲תʣǰɣ
ñš¡
òϣϵĹ˿ɵ


38 
һ, ϿյǱʲô˰㣬ɢȥˣһ, ̫ߵ¶Сͷ
ǰе˶еݱ
־֢, ǵһβμֱŵòʿˮ޲ʱͣһ̡
סοڣôţ˵, 
, ſԼ, ʱʲôҲ, õǰˡ
ڵͷ, Ŭ״̬Լѹ
䣬֪, ļ磬ŵü˵˾, Լ̫ѹ
Եġ
˸
֪Ǻ, ̲סˡȻˣԼ
̧ڵü, ̵ģ˵˸ллֲԾ߬, Զ
ĵط̺, һզզ, ƤЦ˵㣬ͣ
ģ㣬Ҳ㡣
ԣ˲ͺˡ
̺ƻ䣬üƤҲŸͣ㣬ͣģ㣬Ҳ㡣
㣡ͣڽ㣡ģ

˶ϲ֣´󣬴ȤԽԽࡣ
ڵˣ޲Ҹضȥ
˵ͬѧǺܶ඼ڽ㣬ΪѧϰдҵֽҵˣǺŵ
֪ȺǣҲǲ𣬿û뵽ΪͷҪ˹Ǹ
ڽƺôġ
¹Ҳû˸ˡ
ٳٶۣҲо˴ҿĿⲻһվԭأ֪롣
һĻüģһΣȴޱܣεȨСƤµȻˡɤﶼЦ⣬˰֡
˵һСվڲ󣬵סС£ֳظ˭ָ˭
ȻһӾͰˡ
ִ˴˵ʲôоɺԵĴꡣƮƮģֱֵϳ˲Щ֪
żҵе
ԺﱻܸϺȡᶨռһһ˳ȥۿԽԽõĻˡ
ڽϣȴСĴ˸ģ˹ȥվϥǴʹ
˻һ̧ȴ˹
ý
ǵǣüͷʣôˣ
͵ײһ㱣˲䱻ץˡһһԼûû¡
æϼҴҹİΣƽ䣬ȥҽңͱ꼶νˡ
˵û£͹򵽵ˣϥһۣҸطЪͺˡ
ҿ㵱ʱ۵ˣ˵û¡ðһۣĴ
û˵ʲô
Ⱥ̨ϣһǿȥҽƱȽϺá
ֱӰǰĿȡ
Բ۾︡һ˿㵣æ
ҿᣬһ˿ƣ˵žסڵ̧֣ۿֲ䣬
ڸоֲԼˣղܿƵһһ죬ڸ
ĿһĻõߵĻȻֹյԸԴˡ
ԹԵģֹˣǵĻȲԾˣĽڵĿǰǶԴ䱦һ㣬˺óʱ䣬ͷϸ
ǴĿĵ˺ۣ۵ıһߡڷҽߡ
-
øģڻûͽӵڵĵ绰˹ǻ˼죬׼ȷ˵֡
֪һ죬ĻԽܣ֪ôȥԳڡûѪԵϵ֮ǰϵãһ˵ĻϵѣھͲˣ澲룬ӱܣʧȥԲȥԡ
ֱﻰڲŻȻǵĹϵȷʵΪ˶Ȱһ𣬵Ϊ˹ϵѾͽ
ڳ˵ҵһ磬һ硣첻Ҫˡ
£ƤЦŻأôõĸɵӲŲҪ
Կѧ³æҲͷ绰ڿĵǶĺһ硯
Цʣʲôôģ
Ҵ绰ѽ˵ŰֻһԣˣͺжͰ
绰ôģǸһ鲻øģ
ںǣǡ
Ƕѧˡֲһ䣬ڵĳɼȫԿһʱ䣬ŬŬ˵ʱѧˡ
ڱ˵ѪڣҪ֪ϵѧǹ֪ѧԴҲϲˡ
԰һʱ䣬˵ʱء
Ҳ֪˭ŵӦˣǰһѧá
ѧúá
˵˵˶飬ʣô
ûôھ˾죬˵ҲóãûϺȣҲˡ
û˵һ²һ¡
ڣ㲻ǲóȱ˶о̫ˣҪԵ㷹ʱҼල㡣
ҲŲءڹŲӷݵĶȥˣݵÿ
Ѿܺÿˡ˻̽ԵʣҲ֪ѧУûв۵빰ҼСײˡ
磬˵ʲôء
ⲻǵ
ͷһٸģֻúѧϰԵѧΪĿꡣ˵ˣǳץѧУ

绰ȻͶˣڻΪźŲãֱڷϢ˵˾ҪҪȥרѧϰ
ڻ˸䣬ֻڴȥϴˡ͸պÿŽ
˾䣬ôͩûһ
ŬŬ죬֪ȥˣû˵ʣϥôˣ
ҩû¡
úȻʲôȤҪԵİ㱧ȥˣ϶Ųȥ
һĻͷȡ
״Խ֣ײײڵļЦʣûо
˵ڵͷ
û˵ʲôٴα򿪣ĿưŮӲѵߵĻʻȥ
ͩϨǰСʱŻصӣǰʣͩôˣ
ûʲôͩĿһۡ
Īж𣿡
ͩҡͷ
Ҫʲô¾˵ܺõĻģһ취˵žȥֱۣͩȴ㿪
˸գڲĿ˵ʶʱ䲻ѾѶԷ˺ѵУϻúõģôˣ
ͩ˵˾䣬ˡ
ԭء
ͩȴѾ˴ˡ
ڿãָָָָֻ˼ϴֻģϾﻹŮ
˴ڴֻͿ÷Ϣˡ
ûŸ˭Ҳûùһ䣬ɼƽʱװġ
ҲѴϣϸָֻĻô򣬡֪ôˣ
˵¡
鲻ò˵ʡ
˼Ҷ˦ˡ
øͩôƽʱмϵȥھãӦùĹģϾҪסһ̧࣬ͷͷ
û뵽ڶͩô䵭ϴԸͳˡ
ʵû뵽
룬㷢ʲô¾һҲ侲ˡìҲ̯ú˵ô£


39 
˶Ļ
ֹһ, ϵϰͩǸӣȻ鲻, ǲ, ûκԵɡ
ͦӦģ;Īʾ֭ҲûȻ
ĳȰ˺üΣ˵ϰԼͬƣѾˣ֪ԭôء˵, ͩǸˣⲻ
ڽ￴ͩ˵Цʱ, ﻹһ㷳ơ
ڿ, ˫̶ֹԴҡ˺ü, , ˼עԾϡ
κκͬѧЦԽԽʦȥ绰ûаСʱ, жʮˣ֪Ϊʲôû
ס䡣
ɢĿα, մһϷ, ̧ͷɨһֻۣչȥ, ôˣ
ʶתͷһʱûӦ
ͷۣȿڡ
ҡͷ
Ծ, ̧ͷ, Ĳ᣿
ڻҡͷ
üͷ
һ, ڱĿ⿴ˣסңϷȥ
㲻ô֪ڿ㣿üЦǾϵĻʡ

Ƭ̣ڿϳź󾱣ʣдԾһصӣһʲôأ
ûҡͷûʲô
Σֱһ˵ҿĲɵģҲ˵ѧϰЧû߷ˣҪ治ѧˣ˵һԺҾԲһ졣
δ䣬ھʶԣæڣͣҲǸ˼ˡ
ۿˣ
ʲôû롣ʪһתֲҪ˵룬춼ôܿϺǴѧװȫйѧϰ¡
ģҡ
üͷһ壬ֺܿɿһ˿죬Ǵѧ
ڵͷǴѧ㲻ʲôѾܺúܺˡ
ʣôͻȻ뿼Ǵѧˣ
ü۴ЦѿڶҸǱѽ
䣬üͷѾˣԾһߡ
þò˵˹Ƶģ˵Ǵѧ涼ͦõİڵĳɼأһʱŬͰֽ׶εĿɡ
˵ջĿ⣬͵ײüĿһ˿Ȼɵİ̬ɢǳԣ΢̫͸͵شϣԽҫۡ
Ǵѧ϶ѡΧڰɡɲǼģ۽޲˲ڿϵֲԾ߬˱ʸˡ
-
ʱõҩ
ͩ½֮Ժˣÿͬͬǰûʲô
˺ǴѧĿ꣬Խƴһ㲻ŵ˵ϲͳԷС
ʱش𣬵ھò̫˼ˣϢʱ䱾Ͳ࣬ĺ˼ȫռԸȥ꣬ʵڲ˲ȥʣȥ칫ʦ
Դɼˣͣڳ׶Σʦһͨˣʱ򻹻ۡ
Ҳϲȥ칫¡
죬պһϷѣͷץ˼̧ͷɨۣһţ𾢡
Ҳȥţ칫ȥ
ʦϲɼõѧٷѵ㾫Ҳϲֳɼμ⵫̬ȶֹɵģο
ֵμ䣬ʦûʲô£ڰ칫лҳһȥע⣬ֱߵʦǰڼɽʡ
ʦʦͰڵͨˡ
ȥʱѧʦп˾䣬СҪ⺢һѧϰ̬Ҿллˡ
Ǻӻ̫ˣҲ̫̫ˣץסᡣ
ϵʦЦŵ٩Ķᷢ⣬ǺǸзִġ㣬ٳͷˡ
ôܲЩӶǱųˣΪô˳˳һˣһӰô˭֪ᷢʲô¡
һʦ͵⻰ͬǰ첻ҲиѧҲμӾҪμӸ߿⣬Ӳָһ꣬ͦϧġ
ӡˣʱҴİࡣ

ۣԸμӾʦͷ۲ѡҲǣôõӲμӶ˫һʧ
ҪǳɼõĻʱֱӱ廪ˡ
֪Ϊʲôμӣ
ҡҡͷôҲ벻ס
صңѾλˣɢĿαϣͷֻڿüۡ
̧ͷʣʲô
ֱû˵תһȦչȥСʣΪʲôμӾѽ
ԣü
Ҹȥ칫ģѧʦͷˡЦŲ
ͺܺ棬㡣
ǳЦʣҲμ𣿡
μ£䣬˵Լ˵ǸܺõĻ£ϧûǸ϶Ҳһ۲βμӿ϶ܿԼĴѧ
ʦ˵ϽиͬѧҲǷᣬ߿룬ָһꡣ
ôã϶ҲõġȻҲʦ˵ģһⶼûأ
ǸܺõĽݾ߿Ҳûκεĳͻ
һź
һ飬Ϊʲôμѽ
ĵ˾䣬鷳
ڣ
Ҳ벻ԭͻȻʦ˵ְֿɲô
ǵЦһˣ˵Ҫȥμˣ˭㽲⣿
㲻ΪԭŲμӵİɣڵɴ۾գգһ¡
ǵĻƲסɤﶼЦ⣬˵أ
ڵԾһĨΣ۽޲˲ȻŲĿ⣬彩ӲöоԼˡ
⻰ôŲ̫أ
ϸϸоڸˡ
״תƻ⣬㿼Ǵѧ𣿡
ñʷ飬ͷû̧š
һ仰û˻Ƶ˵뿼廪ѧǺѧ
ǡ⡭ʲô˰ɶζڱŵö֪ô˵ˡ
ʲô
һʱֲڹǳ̧ͷܿϵ𣿡
Ҳ

ⲻŲŵ
סûۣʱϿ죬ſӢʦˡ
Ի֮
-
һԷ˸ˣӦƫͷ˿ĵûȵͩʱʱ߿һۡ
ӦüյǱȥһڡ
ᡮšһ
Ӧ¿ãջĿʣǸͩì𣿡
ԣһʱ֪ô˵˵˰ɣû֣˵ûְɣָоˡ
ǳԷĵ㣬ʳ˶࣬ߴߴģҲ¡
þûʲô˼ˣֱ˵û֣˭Ҳ֪ôˣ˶ǻͲˡ
ӦµͷҲûʲô
-
ϰʱһ죬չȥʣҪμˣ
㲻Ҳμ𣿡̧˵˵ΰ㡣
˵μͲμѽ
֪ôģ˵Ļܸ˲ͬҪܾá˵μҲͦõģ϶õܺõΡ
ǹĻȣ󿿣ֱȻĴڵαϣǰĽŮᡮš¡
ǼζԽŨңˣоһ㣬ڽŵʿˮ
æýǰƣͷдҵ
֪ûﲻ᣿ȵĺڶϣӲԾɪ£ûûС
û𿪡
ںʱ˿̣Ҫһ㡣
Ļҵһ£ֽŶԼˣѡѡһûüӦͱס֣ܴһ˿ͳڶϣˡ
˵ûУٿǡ
ڽӣоҪȵðˡ
⣬һĨ̫ԵЦ⣬ôô죿
ѵڴһ˿Ϸʣסŭ˵Ȳ𣿡
㵲סҷˣ߿
𿪻Ц
ڴ£


40 
μӾ, ʱʱػȱΣڴһʼĲϰߵҲӦˡ
һе˰Ǳʼǵ֮ѹ, Ͼǰ˼Ұ, ڷȻ뾡ľã顣ڳ˰칫ҵĳͣһ㲻ȥʦ
õ٩סڰ칫ˡ
ϰҲߣͷʼǡöϰ, ҲԱֻ
̧ͷѾߵò, ƫͷ, , Ӧꡣ
վ, ãˡ
ͷҲû̧Цšޡһ
ʣʲôأ
ֱӰֻݹȥ
üӵһȺ, ѧѧУĶ, һпվİʲôġҲ, ˵һеŮΪݣ˹ְߵ, ָ˧ƦƦ, Ǯ, ˵, ʵĵ£Ůкû
ǸŮһɼͦõģ׷ʱĻŭţһȫ׹˰ӣû뵽һᱻԣкˣŮధʱкĮ˵ҿˣҪʸֻˡ
ΪһЦŮ͵˸ĸǮȥˡɱûгɹ˵ŮǮȥСԺ
ߵ
˿ŮһӲˡҲ˵ɻʲô͸ʲô²֪𣿸ĸģôǮŮѧû뵽Ṉ̀
˱߱߿Ȼײ£ú̧ͷʱͩúõһŮûǸߵ졣
ǹġ
òһ䣬вɡ
ûӻҲͦġ
治֪ͩװʲô֮ǰ˵Ͳˡý˵װʲô֣
ʲô˰ǡ
ڲ̸Щ⳶ܿ쵽ңͩϴ˭Ҳû˵ȥŶϴˡ
ȥţÿһĵһǽ³¯ıʼո𷢹ȥǱһأ[ԽԽһĿȻˡ]
[ܿС]ڵĶ֪ͩĨʲôһŪŪӣһŪŪӣɴӣ۲ĲʮǫĻ˾䡣
ʵʿɲԻ򵯳Ǿ仰ʱ˲佾ֱͦ˱ȻԽԽˣ˼Ű棬Ҳдø²ʲôġ
˵˲ٺûںãϻʮǫġ
˺һǱ߷һͼƬ˵[ˣиĽ𷽷]
ڣ[ţ]
ͼƬĵ⣬ְѱʼǱһоûﲻԡ
ʱֻ¡
æģ[⣺֪N2+A2=100ô]
[ҵĽ˼·㿴]
ڽüͷһһ飬ϸϸÿһţֱŻȻ۾һӾˣæϢȥ[ҶҶˣͬĴ𰸣ǸҪЩ]
[ԼҪϰַҲԡ]
[á]ڲòϡƽ뵽һµ飬¿Σͻˣˣ
ʿˮϸָڼô[ô뵽ַģ]
ǱߵƤĻأ[һ]
̲ס˸ۡȡˣźúϿΰ֪ʶ㶼ѧϰˡ
룬˻Ҫʼ
ɲǼ䣬ڵһµȵףֱΪڿʲôˣ˰ԲҪ
ƵĻأ[оͲҪҵıʼǡ]
[Ҫ]
ֲɵ
һᣬԻֵϢ[ģʱ˵ıʼǣһʱͿᣬ»Ͻȡ]
[úñְ]
⻰еˡ
ԽԽоԸڣϿοСַԶ̼ල
-
µףҪһͶˣʦ˵¿濪˻ȷԾԣͶûеģѶȣ˸ʽ÷żǰһ콻ȥ
˵ˢѾճûʲôǶˢһŸˢһŵ
ÿһ춼ܹóʵ
ֱżǰһ죬ӻûھˣɵĴ£ϴҪ콻ҵҪõ顣
һᰮ˯ߵһ𴲣ϴˣڻڿϷģȥϷŶ¿š
߹ȥʣڣʲô
ӡڶûͣѾæˣ̧ͷżʣ㿴ž𣿾ʦǰ췢ģ˵Ҫȥš
ҡͷ
״ڼң߽߱ǽǶȥˣͲͰˡ
Ҳңұʣڣ˵ŰҲ㲻ʵǾ̫ˣڳʦľӣġ
ǰ췢ģʦ˵콻ȥ
ż뿴ǲǷڽˡ
ԣһ٣˻˵Ҽǵû˵ġ
ҵĵطˣͲѴŲ˵ǲǼǴ˰
üͷ˵Ҽǵû˵ġ
ÿֻȰڣҲˣֻȥҿ˵û
ʱҲˡ
һգֻˡ
𼱻ǵ˽ңңԸĿûУĿŹûҵ
ϰȥ칫ʦ֪ƽʱѧϰ̬ȣֻ˵һ´Сĵ㣬ľû˵ˣűԾд˽ȥ
ˣļǵȥˣѹţ˭֪˯ѾͲˡ
£һ鶼Ӱˡ
ðοԽ鰡ȫŹţԼǲˣĸա
Цõ
Ҳòţַ¡
Ͷ죬ûȥסѧУһѧϰϡ
أĸ˫˫ְˣæýŲմصģҲûȥȴôҲû뵽ᱻˢˢӡ
˵ٶһ춼סˡ
-
˺ĵһϰˡ
һ⣬ͦģûһ㲻ͷ۵׵ᶼҪˡ
̺¡
㬵ıˣתͷдҵ
˺µһţ̺Ϸ磬ۡ
ƵĿһۣԴҩˣ
̺ƤЦģ˵磬İ

ϰˣյǸܺÿİɫСӣһɫСУźᡣ
ܳ⣿
ġ˾˵ǰҼǱʼˣԺҪ鷳㡣
ࡣڰ֣Ҳա
ϵֽˣʣΪʲô
˵ΣҲŰһΡ
ûĵ˵ˣǾ˳顣
ô˵գֻóɱˣ˵ҪգԺͲˣҲæˡ
סˣӦĶ
ɢĿαϣǳЦһóѵӣŽ
ڲò¡
ȥ·ϣÿһƷ̽ͷ˿ʣʲôѽ
ںȻеΣ֪ô˵
ת£ЦģżϷʣŶ֪ˣǰɡ
˵˻ײײڵļ
æ͵˵鷳⼸Ǳʼˣ˳ֵ飬ҲҪģҪҡ
¡Цϳβհײա
ֹʶ߬ϵĴӡ
ңڻǵϴ˲ȥ˺صϣӣСĴ򿪺ӣһˮ

ĲܿƵˣҪ㡣
ϲԴ
ֶ΢΢


41 
յϲк͵޷
ǿġ¡
Խ˽, Խһ۵Ĺ⣬ָ¸ǰ, ȴ̲ס뿿, ٿһ㣬ȴֺ±ˡ
ܡ
κ֪õá
ƽڴϣ۾컨壬Ѿ賿ˣȻûһ⡣

ΪʲôҪΪǱʼǼ΢С
̫, ΪʲôҪôãںСĵڴϷȥ
һشˮҡ
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ļڶ䵭˲٣Ᵽ־, ʲôҲһִ˵֡
¿, ȥˮ, ˳Ҳװһ, ŵǰʱֻõһ䲻̲ġллͷû̧
չȥ
ڳԾŲŲ
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ͷģڲ, ĵ׵÷Ŷϵĵζ, Գ
֪ڿ, ӲͷƤԭ, ֱ߼˼ûŲ˲̧ͷüѽ
ŵЦűʣֱĿĵӦ
ȥ㣬Ҷûˡ˵͵ͷӡ
þûõӦ̧ͷ͵ײڵŵЦ⣬º𡣡
ţ
ظһղŵĻ
ûҲû˵
ڣ
˻ʧЦڵŲŲɫͳһ˿ƣһ˿κͳ磬˵ɣָʲôأ
˭ˣĪĿһۣ˵ľ룬ʱ̱ѡ
˹˵˭Ҹ
ԣڶһȣֲ˲޽ǵͷͼڵͷҲû̧˵Ϲ˵
ЦЦ
̧ͷһ⣬Цʲô
գûЦʲô
ȥ㣬׼ߡڿϱȻ£˵ддҵνҲдֻܿ⵰
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˵껹ڽעŵԾϣﲻе뷨ʱơ
һ˷¿ѺҪҪοأɢĿαϣ˵ȻǾ㿩
򿴹ȥСΣβ߲ͣϸͷûȥ¶ѩϸľıһ١
΢΢ǰ㣬ȴɤﶼЦ⣬ҪĻҾͱˣҲҪ
Ƭ̣ҧ˵Ҫ
׺ŵϸЦԽԽŨʣû˵𣿡
Ǻϸܡ
߲ܳ͸ոԼñʻġ
ӲͷƤͷ
ǰŮ͸죬ɫ٣ҧŴһ˿͹ĺһѪҺ˲ڣͣĽţòԼŲĿ⡣
أ޲ôӵҸȥ
-
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סԸＸһ֪ġûô룬׼ȷ˵ǲ롣
˵ͳ漣ء
÷
һ꣬ӿʼֻ뿼ѧ뿪ѹֵĵطڿ벻뿪Ҳνˡ
ȻˣȥҲǺõģ׶ʱûͦõģǱߣиʶ˲ô¶
ȻһֱĿãһá
̧ͷţ
ûȥϴѧ
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ЦŻأ㲻Ҳͦҵ𡣡
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һۣô˵Լ𣿡
ʵʲô˵ġõ⣬˵Ҿǲ飬Ҳȥûʲôö˵ġ
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ֵĿһۣ˵νͦôӴ
?N͡ѹдҵǼɪɪֺ˵ý㣬ɱˣ˰ɡ
СԴǵľܾҿɲһȥǡ
ÿ󣬡ˡ
вУǲֿܷ

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ĺѲ˻ɣӱͰ͵Ĳ˵ԼܵЬȥɣóĺ
ÿɫ֪鲻򵥣һ׷²ŵ֪࣬ƿڴʲô˰ô˺ã飬Ҳ̫ˡ
㻹ôá
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ǰɣȫҪߡյץץͷһڹҲ̫ˡ
ӦЦ˵һȥˡ

ʳһȺഺŮΧһ𣬱߳Է죬˵˵Ȥδװ㽡
ڶģû˵仰ҲûôԷҲҪϢֹסһ˿ɬζ
̫ˡ
㣬ôŬ֮һǵ
һ Ӣ
óĿĿ֮һôѾͲܿƵһֳǱ߿һۡ
ֱ¿ǰӣץ˸ţڹ򶨵תŷȵӡ
һ˱ڿ϶ѳɽ
ʱߴϷʵĵŵЦ⣬뿴͹Ŀ͵ô£
ڹŲӷ˭ˣ
ûұ˧𣿡Ū˼¶ͷ鷢Ц˵ռͷ
ڿһۡż򵥵òټ򵥵УһȦǲɫģ΢΢͹ǹһĨȣӸͦЦ⣬üĿ
̫ͬҫֱۣӡ
չһ飬ǲǾұ˧ˣ
ţ
ûСںĵ˵˵תˣϰԵ֧ʣָתתȥ
ģϸ
ڶ㿪



㷳һεȻ뵽ʲôתȥ𡣡
С͹Ƶִôˣ
ڹƽתʵĶЩʲݣתʣҪ֪𣿡
ҡͷ
ڷЩ죬㲻֪𣿡
֪ٴҡͷüͷ֪ʲôʣӦ֪𣿡
Сʱһ𳤴󣬼Ҳ˵˵Ŷ֪Լ˵ʲôˡڼʱסһתҵ˼Ҫˣ̺ҲҪȥأҪȥ𣿡
붼û룬ȥ
ڴ㵣˲٣㲻ȥ𣿡
ڽͦģЦŷʣҲȥôԾ𣿡
ڵͷ
ɢĿαϣЦʣΪʲôһȥأ
ڻأΪԼõġ
ûС˵һҪȥ׶廪Ҳ
廪
ԭûҪ
ɷϣһ˿ϲ̻˲žըˣǵĻƲס


42 
Ŭҹҹ, ݷݷѧΪҪĽ׶֮һš
㾲ĵģȲӵټУ԰Ҳ徻˲١緹, ڵֱ, ߱߿յ˵˵һҲżˣ֪ʲôʱֵõǰ
ڻأӦÿ˰ɡ
õͷЦ˵Ҳǣ϶·ˡ
żҲ, Ҳա˵ڸ, Ͼûʲôؿȥ
һ뻹ͦɱġ
㰡, ޲굽ȥЦӯӯ˵, ˿϶, ڼҿ˯ȻѣôôɣС˵õ¡
̲סˮ, °˵𣿡
õߵĻʱ˵ˣҲôһ˲, , װˡ
깤æúܣܶûʱҡȻ뵽ʲô, ֱ۵սֱĿ˵, Ҫ³żȥ, ʱȥҼס, и顣
ۿҪܾ˵˵һȥϴѧɼʮǧأȷҪң
˵㵱ʱֻ˵ѣٻǾұ븨ң
˵ˣһʱ䲻֪ôӦʵůģӦǲµĴ
òôǿӲȥҹ١
ڲ˵üڣɲܲҡ

ֻӦ
-
յ֪Ҫȥ׶ĳѧμӾѵʱԼңһȺƽʱúõľϳȥΪУһӲˣ÷Աơ
Ȼġ
ڲȾƣҲȾƣһĬĬͷԷò˲̧ͷɨһȦԱߣĵͦĵģЦܺȵеˣ΢΢죬޳ҹǽڷϼһ֧̣һһڣܿǵŮǵʱ򶼷¡
ˣȻƣζ̱ǡ
ʱתͷüۣЦʣԱû
ڵͷƿơƸӵ˸ɾӹԼϡ
״ü
ڶƱ˵ףõΡ׼ͷȴһֻסˡ
͹ĺһʣʲôʱѧȾˣ
ûѧᡣ˵ƳˣŮͷӶ֪˵ʲôǣ˵϶ŮѡӦУӵȾƣǸո߿꣬һᣬҪȥҵˡþͲ˵ˣֻҪ̺ڣ˾ûвġջĿ̵˵ǶˣҲһʾûС
Ҳһ·ƽ˳졣
ǵЦδҡͷû˵˸ӹϣݸڣ
ü
Ůٺȵơ˻յߵ˵˾䣬Ǹһ飬Ȼȫ
ȵϢϣ˵ľ㣬Ҫˣ۽޲˲Щ㶵ģ֪롣
һ̹Ȼӣ׺ϸЦ⣬ԸľƱ£ͷˣһδʣ
ʱζĿһִۣϣ߲֪˵ʲô
һȥˡ
״תţһСϣģģĪе񫣬ͷ˼ڣǲԾǳǳĻȡƽøûвĺ棬粨ӿˡ
ð̺òУʤչһۣʣڣôô찡
ڸգ𣿡
õͷС
ģ˸ڣ̫ˡ
øͣǿǡյҲô죬ǺȾǳ̵ģƵûţҳȥʿ
Ҹһ顣

ٽȥһ̱ϣ쳣˷ܣ׼ƿæǰֹŵȻỹûȥϰ
һô룬ûȥҪǲңȥñʦùѪͷ
˾Ƶ꣬Ѿˣи̨ңȥ档
һڲĻҲ̫ȤһԿ档û뵽ӦҲᣬû뵽òᣬ̺ƽûҲˣڣҽˣĽˣ򣡡
߰ȥһ棬ҽ㡣
̺ƤЦģһ˵ëĹ򣬱˽̹ȥˡ
Ĺȥ£һ𣿡
ͷ˵ʵҲˡ̺˺üԶԶģ찡ء
̺ƣ׷ȥ
ЦջĿ⡣
һߺˮЦʲô
̧ͷûЦʲô
Ա£ʣҪҪȥԣ
һʱûתʲô
̨֧֧°͡
ˡ͵ҡͷְ֣Ҳᡣ
ҽ㡣
£ڻҡͷ
𲻷˵ܼ򵥵ģͦ棬ȥԡ
򴽡
òҲӾѧˡ£չȥС˵Ҽ̺ƺá
һ䣬ôԿ𣿡
װһ޹ӣЦŻأʵ
߰ɡ
ڱ̨ԣһ̨ˣһɷĥĥ֣
̨˵ݵ󣬱߽øƣ˵ָſƽţؽڲϹ𣬴ĴָҪ̿ʳָԹ̶˵λã׻ߡ
ŷֿͬҽŵֱȻ̨棬ҪеźǺȶģûκβʸС

ȵϢڶϣģͳûһ㲻ͷվ󣬸ְֽ̡˱ȦڻͣʿˮĻý˵ʲô
嶼ͣʹˣĵطǱʲôҧһе
ҲûùĶȥ¾Լ侲Ƶģѹ̧ͷ˳ɴֱ״̬ҪȥǸֱʱպȣȥͿˡ
ԡ˵ͳһȥͷϸ
һ¡
վķ٣ίίС˵ҡҲᡣ
û޵ЦЦ߹üѧ𣿡
ڹʹ˵һѧ֡
ظ˸ղŵĶ
ⳡĲݵҪѧУˣùѣ˵û£߶ȥûʲô
̺˻ȥ
ѧУһΪ죬ڣǸżƵġ
ûף
̨򰡣Ҫˮˡܽһ䣬ڴ̨Ӵ
ڲ˲˵
Ҳû˵ײײڼ򣬡ʵ˵Ķû
װģķʣĶʲô
òŹκһ˿仯ɻûҵʧҲΪԾǰ㣬ⶼĶ
û˵
̺ƽҴ̨ʱ֮һͳ磬ҪĶͲŮġ
ڣҲ˵㲻ŮĹ
һЦ
ĬĬ˵
Ůġ
Ķˡ
л˵
ע̨ƺͼǼԴڰٶȡ


43 
˼, ˸һżٵϢ߶Ҳӭĩ
ñڸ˵òˣҲ, Ҫ˵ܲż, Ҫ715졣
ȷϢˣ83ͷˣһ¡
ڻصĵһ¾Ǹڴ绰ʱÿʹ绰ʶ÷ż٣˵֪
Ǳߺܿˣɫɳ, ڡ
ڸ˵ĺһ硣
ʲôôģ
Ҫżˡһֻ߬ڶ, һʰ, ˵3ſͷš
Ƿż׼ô棿𣿡
˵, ڵһ¾ͳ, ʣ㲻𣿡
ЦЦôǡ
ü, ֺܿɿûü˵Ǳ˵粻ǸѺϻ￪˸, ͦ˳, Ҳ࣬ƽʱȽæ, ʱУ϶ûˡ
ڴûȥ, ʱ֪ôӻ
˵ðæ, ٴȥתת, ҲҪϴѧ͵ǰϤϤ
ԣò˵
绰ͷĳڲĺڣõ𣿡
˼ڴ˸飬æӦõ
ֱʣ3Ŷÿꣿ
ڻأ硣
ҿϻвҪо4Ż㡣
磬ˡæϣһת˵ǸҸԼ˿һУɼǺܺãٵøϰ
⻰ó߿ۡڸ˸ʳָڴʾⲻҪ˵
ֽͷ˻ȥ
绰ͷĳڳĬ˺һٿʮ࣬ʣǸͬ
ڣǲǡãпʼһ࣬Ҳһ𣬲÷ֿ
ڽڳûӡͲ֪ˡ
ڵ˲٣˵Сʲôʱ˵һ
ãлл硣
˵绰ʹչˣ߷һӷŵߣʣǸ磿
ڵͷˣĽʣµӶˣУͦóԵġ
ˣô¸壬װƽʱûʲôʣȥǱ棿
ڡš¡
˸ӣ߰˵ôǸ׸绹أ
䣬üЦòУòǰɣզģҲ԰
ã
ɵӡ
ЦȻ˵˾䣬ҸҺòӦõ𣿡
ûѪԵϵǣòĴƣ˭֪ǲ㵱ã
˵һ䣬˲Ƕ𣬲ûѪԵϵϵĹϵҲûˡ⻰̫׽ҿ˰ˣǲ˵Ϊá
˳ƽӻҵûܵʲô
Ů£
ŵӶˡ
㶵Ŀ
˵뿴ǲǺܶ׸ԵܵöûôõġǻûѪԵϵͷ绰öˮǮҵĸоǳ顣
õѣΪ˿Щ϶Ҫ㽲ҪϲҲûʲô
һϯɹʧˡ
-
Եǰһ죬ڽӵһ벻ĵ绰ǻģ˼Ǳ߰ˣ˸װ꣬⻹ԣѧڰѳ»ԴǱȥ顣
һЩĻҪҪȥ棬Ҳûͻؾˡû뵽˵ȥˣ˵һŮӻǱȥǰ׷סϾǳ¼ҵģ´ͬڳ»ԵסȻ˾㣬ܲǣͲǣ
ҲûȥǱסĻ˸š
˵˵˵˳ڣԣ֮Ļÿѡ񱳺󶼲Ժʲô˵ɼ˾ͺúöԺкܴİ
ںܴ㵣û뵽˵Щƽ͵ģŰʱ仯ĺܴ
˺ܾã˵ȥ⹫żס
ֻ߬û˵
⹫ͦõģֻȥĴ࣬Ҳûʲô顣˵ﻹڣܹ鲻㡣
Ǯ١ְһſÿ¶ʱǮģƽʱûôϵߵʱֱӸһѧڵѡ
ŷżȥҸƵסúøϰΪ߿׼ϾԽԽˣȥ׶
û뵽ǵ⹫绰ٹȥ棬˵żһСﵥڼҲȫг»Ҳڡû뵽ǿԵĵ죬ѧУͿˣЦŽһʳ
ûᡣ
ûôܰһĻᷢϡ
߶߶˵̫ˣҪԵ㲹⹫ЦվԱߣĿûŲŹкʹڶ󲻵òЭˡ
⹫żһسǣԶжʮҵӣ͸ˡ
ǰ޺õģ¥ҿ¥˵أѼ˾˶س˷ӣ²ŻƽʱԼԣڵ⡣
»Բ֪ǳ˻û˻Ľߣ֮仯ͦģɵĽ㡣
ǰҲͻˣһ˸СӼƽʲô
ھסˡ
Ǿò̫˼ȴ⹫ѵһ٣ĳ˵ϸ߿ˣð˼ǰ;棬ŮӶ鲻Ҫ˵ˣȥҹ˲ŮӾŴ㡭
»أҪժ˻ϴ֮ɻҲܾãȥдҵ
⹫Ļ˵ԻԵѧҵĿǰûôæʲô¶ҪԼһ֣ſڵӡ
̵ᵽ˳»Եı仯Ϊʲôôˡ뵽˵ѧҪѳ»Դȥѧʵɣ߿ܸá
һȥڵĩɼҲˣ֮У꼶ǰһȻڳβϣѾʤ⡣
-
˰Ѯĵ꣬²ҹȵ˯ţڴϷȥ
ֻһ÷Ϣ[ڣʲôأ]
[˯û]
ڴͷϣϸָڼô[ڴ˯š]
[£]
[û]⹫żסŻͦʡĵģʱ죬еϲɽˮĵطΨһõĵûյҪЩʼ죬ϰˣȣȶô
ʣ[ǱסŻϰ]
ڣ[ͦõġ]
[̺˵컹ǺͻˣóȥԷ]
[ˡ]˺þò֣ǻͳСʱңȥԸ۵ġ
мͿѧˣûҪ
ʣ[ô]
ڣ[̫鷳ˡ⹫Ҳġ]
˵˺þãڻûɿڡ˯ˣ۾Ǹʱ˿̸˼ǧк֪ʲôӦȡ˺ܺõĳɼɡ
-
¶ʮڵգӡûôգҲ⡣û뵽ܵһһεů
ϾŴߴ⹫ȥ򵰸⣬˺üֲˣ»ԻԾգ˱׾ָͣھһգԶǡ
죬ӵ˵˺ܶܶࡣ˼ǻСˣڲµʱȰ˻ԷǸֵиˣһؼëɴԸüƫһϸ衣ˣҲûӡ
ûԭֻģҲɴˣЩܸ֪ͬʱԴΪ䡣
˵Щ޷ǾԻĸңôҲѪĸŮ
費Ǹϸ裬ְֺγء
Ľи衣
磬ˣûôڵʱڽӵõĵ绰˵ˣҪա
ˣôǰ˵һ
ò˼˵ʱˣ緹գ붼ûͶƱˡ

˶ˣܲܰ˸ϻȥֻʵ˵ˣ˵ҪȥһسǣҪ
˵С˾;й䣬Դз䡣
Ӧ˵˸á
õȾˣʮӾ͵ܿûˡǰߣһʱӡ
ڶסȥİ
Ȼ˵հרŶ˰ᡣ
Ҫ𣿡סȥˣҸطԵ㶫ˡ
ҶûΣĶİġŻҰȥء
üǰߣǲС
û󣬱ߣε˵治áȥ㲻𣿡
ûأΡ
̾˿˵ֱ˾䣬ˣǮҲˣ㲻ÿϧ𣿡
⻰һйˡ
öľƵһسȽϺõģһҲ֡ڷԱĴ˶¥ĳſڡ
ƿźģʲôҲûüӦͿŵ⳵Ӳո衣
Ƴ̺ƣ𣬸߳ͷӦ£һδŮͬѧԼ꺭ǡ
ڲŵĿһĻո軹ڼЦԼû˵ڵף
ߵߣȻͷЦ˵ˣԸˡ
ڴҵӵ˫ֺʮ۾ϵԸ
һԸҵк˳ǡ
Ը˳׶Ĵѧ
Ը껨ƣͬ


44 
һȺ˳ȥй, СسǱǿ϶ǲģҲԼɫʳԼ־Խ϶û, 档
ڵĸ첲, ƣ￴ĵ£˵ҳȥԷ, ˽ļƻ
˵껹ײײļ
ϷϹ֮ģʵð, ͵͵ڵķȥ, Ⱥ, һ۾Ϳ, Ⱥ
ʱ绰ˡ
, ڣֻˡ
ȻջĿ, ֻӶó, ½ŵߣĺ, š
绰ﴫ˹е, ûУ
ʹ, 䲻ʹ, ܵٵĵطأûţճ극ͬѧ
˵ϱ̫ˣŮӣȫ˵Ҫ
ڷ˺ô˵˼ұӦȻͻȥҪģ˾˯
Żǲģһ顣
ĵһһӦ¡
˵绰ھȥǻϣ˵Ҫȥ£û취ϵģܲڼ˯ţĵĵȡ
Ƕʾ⣬һ
˵ãֳ͵ſˡ
ǻǼ̺һ᲻ȤϣôƯģҪϻô졣
ڷ
վһûô˵߹üۿɫ߰ɡ
ڵߵĻ˲ʻȥˣˣ˸ݰݡĶ֪ǲĴоҿһ£ֲˣȥҵ·
ô
˵ˣֳ͵ſˡ
ѵǿϲ𣿹᣿뵽⣬ڱͲƽĸӲƽˣ˫̧߬߬͵͵
Ⱥ¼磬׺Ц⣬Ȥżûôˣ˵һ䡣
ţ
Ϥĸоֻˣǲʵ˲ɢͷʣ㲻Ҳû˵𣿡
ã˵˵ͣ½ŲԿߵ·ôߣ
ȥǱҸֳˡָָߣ½˵治ңȻԼҲ·
ԣüɤﶼЦ⣬ô
һ˵ⲻǱ⣬ûߣҲ·
̲סҲ·˾סҡ
ֱ̧
ôð
òõ⣬ʱ˵иŮͬѧ棬һͬѧȥסǻô룿
Ƕ룬𱾾Ǻܵͬѧϵѧϰϰô࣬ôԶգס޶ţȷʵҲⲻȥ
⣬⣿
һʱ֪ôˡ
촩һʵİɫȹͷţ˲٣¹ĳ£Եޣüͷ˹Դˣģסҡ
ôôͷװͰ͵˵˼һش֣ͷŪˡ
ЦԽŨ˵ҡ
һÿ
ڵˡӣֲ̫ȻĲŪͷʲôҲû˵
һʱ˭Ҳû˵
ȵûʲô˳ţοϣһȽƫƧխ·λƵ·ƽ˵Ӱ
һһصš
ڿƲס뿿һ㣬ٽһ㡣±ˣչȥһˡ
ߵúɸоǺܿ쵽˳˳ĵطڸ˾˼Ǯϳۿס˵ˣһؾƵϢ
ִ⣬Ҳû취ˡ
һˣڿﻹŵƣůġջĿ⽫س̵Ǯһˣ˾͵ĳĳƵ꣬˸Ϣ
-
ʱһζѧǰ»԰תѧ죬ߵʱһǮ٣˵ѧڵѧԼѣø򣬸óԵĳԣҲ˷ѡ
е죬ĲǸǮԸо˱ˣݹҲȶ
еļϴ·鱾װã緹ѧУ
Ȼסʱ䲻ʵʵڸܵ˰͹ģе㲻ᣬ˵źʱ͹ˣһﶼҪˡϺӦţǸˣ˶ೡϷ˾˵ã۱ȷúࡣ
⹫˵˵ãֲǵһȥѧУô˻ҪҪЦġ
⹫Ȼǿˣ˵ϳ
ڵͷ
;һΣѧУѾߵˣһţ͸óȥʳˡԵöӶװˣΧʳŻȥ˯һһ
Ǹ졣
ʽѧ
ѧϰΧܿͽˣʶԼʱĲˣʦҲһһѣȥ˵ǲǸһ߶ˣǸˣ̰ʱ
ѧϰõͬѧҲᵽصϢûǰôˡ
ﾭĵģͬѧǵʹԴˢһһŵԾˢˢŴӾˢʮ³Ҳӭ˿ѧһ¿
ɼе㲻ţԭΪôŬûĿܾԭ̤û뵽꼶Ȼ
õĻ˵оʱҶŬҪƵģҲҪ٣Ÿոտʼء
֪ӦĸţеܣƲסġһûʲô˯⣬ڶ㲵ȥ˽ҡ
״չʣɼû˯ã
ڷһ٣ͷûʲô÷ϵġ
Ѿƪ۾ͱˣֻӰѧϰ״̬ð˼һ¿ϡ
ڴͷû˵ԲǾͺˣôء
ദôʱ䣬˽жºͣжִֻ֣û˼·Ȱûзһ⣿
ʲô
Ȼ꼶ˣʵʵģһεĸ߰˵ֻ˵ҶڽԽԽ˶ѡ
£úôһ¡ϵֻˣƴǰ
ֱһ ΣǰεĿΣһ.ըԵϢ𱻱廪ˡ
ĽĿͶҲ֮һĽĽͻȻɥˣϲ̫Ҳһַգ׷ôҲ׷ϡ룬Ҳбڸõʱ˰ɣܸôÿ֮ʱ䶼ܿ뽲ͽ
ԺööŮ֪᲻ǵ
-
еĶϣְֽôѧϰЧʣæµûõģҪȷæ
ջ࣬Ҳӭ˵ڶ¿Ȼɼǰ˶ʮΡ
˵˺ô죬ڴϻ˯ţ룬Ҳ̫˰ɣΪʲôôã
ԱҲûôã
Щͷһ磬һʰϵģھõòУڶҲ˿ûô˯һ ˣͬһչҵ
ڱдߺһ𡣡
ñᡮš¡
⡣
ʲô
ôоҰ軹ҵѧϰЦƵ̽òϱǷҵİɣ
ⱲծˡȻȻĽӻˣסǰŲŲ
һ㶣Ķץˡ


45 
Ķر, ʮͺĴرϣӱֱֿ̡
, ˳, ΧΧ·ϵñͷϡ
ճᣬЦ˵ŸոտʼأⶥװˣҪ¸ѩ, ҿô죿
˵¡ڵ̹ȻҲ˱˿Ŀ, , ڽһһ, ûʱ˶, ɲô㡣
˾͸ɵۣ·ˡ
Ҿ
ܰÿ, ѹ˵㿴, һӰ, 治䣬
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ۿԽԽڻڸղһĻӲģȻһЩصĻ
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