ҼҸޡ
ߣַ괺
飺
༭ˣĽ712vʱ
Ҽ֧֣ǡ
Ů
޴С;ԼҸ
游װͰ͵Լڲϣĸ߶߶óԵģȻ˶ȻϲϲܵÿΰҪף۵ķء

С˶ⶣҪɱЧҵ˼ɵһأ˸ޣӴɱɱ
˾˵Ÿޣ
ҶţһǸС֪ôͳүֻ˵Ĺ˼Ҳ֪ôˡ
ӴˣŸ޵Ҷˡ
İܸ֣ʵǸͱŮĴ֣С˵ʵŶ?ѣ
ŮӽǶУҪӽǣμӿƾ١
ղص˻ᱻףŶ
ݱǩ   ˬ ƾ
ؼ֣ǣ˳h  ǣ  
һ仰飺ڲ
⣺


1 
Ψһһλ˵ᵳӪ˽ͬ죬δĿĲֶΣʹСҹ䡣

ǳɹС
ѽڱٳмӣ֮ҲĿˡ常ɹ˵
ҡҡƣЦſ常Сĸ˫ױ常˵常ĸѾĸˡ
һ˺ЦܵⲻɲĵģҪһܸҺ常ҲΪⷢ
ĸڸǰ˵ҡһ΢겻˵
û常ĸĴСϣôн졣
ϯЦӯӯ
ɹݣбҲһʹ
ЦӦʡ
ɹʾȥȡơ
ƱɹʾԼĶӰѾƸֳ˹ȥ
ٽ΢΢ǵ磬ǸΪѰģףշ
ٽǰѺ˲پƣ˿̲žƱһ
Уȼһʲô˳һѪˮ
˿ʲôףĺ˰ΪȡŰŽⳡɡ
ɹĺ常ĸȫλվ
ɳЦҲˣԼͽ˹Щôİɡ
װģΪ׵ܵܵ¶ŤЦݣ˻
磬ˣλҵˣѾӦˣȻҵܵܣͳȫܵܵԸɣ
ɹĨ˰᣺ѽңѾɵˣȻΪƾôеıɱүء
ˣݣ˶ԴҶãѾӦֻҪɱ㣬常ү֮𡣡
ԭˣֲȨơ
ؿĿŤҵһ˿յĹӰԽͽ͵ġ
Ϊ֮ҪЧҵ˼ɵյҪɱ
Ц
һ䰧գһһһ˵Ŀ

ʱһ˲ΪԼǳµΡ
ƽʱƵȫҪѪʳ⣬׶Ĵ̹ǵʹ
үˣˡһС˾ϲĽе 
뿪˵ȴԼʲôס
С˷ҵСүȵˮˡ
ֺһˮôˣϸǰСˣǣ飿
ǰСˣʮΪСĸϳȥ˵ûþˡ
ү鰡үͷһȥĻҲûˡ
ǰʶİ裬Сʱȥڻվǰ
֪ʲôһˡ
ȥģڶ֮£ţ·𻹲ʹ
´ߵߣ򿪴
鿴үȻ´ˣ˲þϲæȥ
үʲôȥˣ󲡳Ҫúý
֪ʱԼΪĸǴصǵ·ϣɽ飬һȫ֮¡
֮ԻҲΪĸТȾ˷纮
үڸµ˶ûУ˵үӹȥչˣͻˡеˣϾү̫С
ʱĺ常ûаߣټҵļҲҲû
ĺ常ĸûһĳɹܵĸɡ
λûǰ浲ҪǸλӻܲô˳
˿ԼѵС֣˵ʱеȵ߼·
廹̫ϱֱʮǰΪλܵϵλవˡ
飬׼īҪ游дš
龪Ľһүˣû游ѽ
£С˵׸߹ңǽռˣ游վﻹ˵Ҫһȥ游ء
ʵǰҲڳ֪Լ游Ϊ길ĸȥĴæҲûüʲôǵ游ΨһŮʮǰѾȥƽʱ˵Сۿ
游ӹȥסΪǹ常һ˾ܾǵʱ΢΢͵ıһҹ׷
ӣ˵֪游˵游ϲء
Ҳû취үһҲʲôˣүʱͺ
̾˿ҵү͸á
үҪиչ
ܿд·һţ飬д׵塣
ӱޣ͵⹫ǡ
ȥ졣
ߵǰŻ԰ӯӯһƬ˿ҵĺ常õܵܣǵһ

λڴϷʱʱڣϻź⡣
СС꣬ķĿͦıཱུСͣ˭ҪһøζɣԤ󽫻öٹĸҲ
յ游Ѿ࣬ǰݵĴϡ
游˵ͷ˾˻ȥ
Ž棬游ûἰĸףǲѹ
ȴ֪游ıʹ
ּģ壬游дŵİɡ
ڴûүװϿүڰ̾
ССˣ˰ĲС
ү𴵷ˣмг̣δܺѽ
žΨһõ°ɣСʲô㡣

±ģרղϡ
𾪣о޹Сè£⾿ǽڲٵݻǡ
ȿȣӭտɴĳ衷˵Ŀ
һֻСè䣬һⱻ磬Ϊһֻ
˵һˣ
޼һֻСè䣬ɺèԽԼǸɵôء
ݿҡһֻ߽ű̧ۿŮˣ΢Ц˵ڶΡ
䣺ӡҧС죬С鲽ˡ
û߽㱻ס˵ڶǰ˵һҲǸˣţ
ŷ·ͷӲ£ۿˣӣ۸ҡ
˷ˡ
Ҳ
ˣԡΡ
衣


2 
ڽϷƮҡҰ²ᡣ

ݡ
սݵİո˷ޱȣÿɫżỨ
ǽ׸Ů˳h˴үͷŻˮϯ
ֻҪȥΪıŮףר˵Ǽڲᣬܵùү
Сӣ㹻һ˸Ĺһˡ
ݵİոî˾ÿɫƲӵĸҲš
Ϊʲôء
Ҫ˵үݣүһͨȻеǮԶԶûô¡
ǰŮСһ˼Ҹ˹ʺһϲϣ׷׶ѡ
үҲ˵ļթӵ쾡£ǾĻ飬Ҳ˵ͷ
˵õĹء
һһ죬ÿһθ޹ʱүֱ˸Ƶģƽʱ̱ļʧ˵
Ǹ׷׳׼ᣬڸһҲȥүǰ¶

ʱ˸
Ѿ侲ĵģʱʱ߽䣬ŴϵˣҴɢıӡ
Сޣ˳hСʱе㷴Ӧ
˸ǷС۾
С޴꿪ʼͲٺ͸ĸ˯һԾԼǸСˣǿҪԼסȻԼ˯ãôƵСˣ˵һŮأŮôôѳֵס
߽ԼСǿɰСģЦ
ֻһ۵СҵıУͷ˯Щңͷϸķ
С˿֪Լڵӣ˵Ҫȥĸס˵Լ´
æӭȥմ׷ɫȹ͸𡣡
޿һۣ˵á
ϡ
￴ССһŵ˶С㣬ʲôͷѽͷ𡣡
ȵ˵Ҫĸ׸黨
ﵱȻӦʡ
ո꣬ſڴС
С𣿡
߽ͼƯСѾˣһŮƵСˣ¹ߵĽͯҲ˰ɡ
գ۾ɰȵĸζˡ߹ȥС㱧
ߣȥҴүͷǡ
˼˿ڼ򵥣˼ڵҵľǹүֻһӣǸ޵ĸ׹и޵̹Ϸ˺ĸ׹˴ˡ
СԽԽˣѽǸλҲˡͷǱһ̧ʾ
ռҺھӣ˵٣ǹ˼Ҳѽ
裺ڳ͢õˣǰѽ̼͢Ϸ򡣡
ǴǸʱģ̼͢־͸ëһһһ硣
ôүΪʲôǳ͢йٺð¡
һȻ
˺߽ܿá
СܴԶң˷˱ڻ۾ʱʱſڡ
ͻȻСǰһµأ˷˿ǰһĻЦԶһղͿޣɺ 
ϷˣϸѽҪ׽׽
޿ŵܵܣæʾԼߣû֣޵ĸ׹˷˿յŮæţȥ
˴ү㬵ջ֣ͷֻ˶αŹСܣû뵽СʮֲϣҪȥҽ㡣
˴ү
˷ˣޣ˯úòã֪ʲô𣿡˵Сͷ
޻˻Դף˯ĺܺãҵա
һСôĴ𻰣˶Ц˿
ԱߵĹСŽ·ͼѽ棬˷˿һĻְֻѹԶĸ׻˵Ļ 
ϷҲ̲סϱʹɫ˴ô죬ƽŶԼ磬ϱദǢ
˷ֻðѻСŮݸţԼŻƤӡ
˷תͷֿټĽݣ˭ܱȵùȥŮ˫ȫŮֵùϲ
˵ϲ̫ˣһҶ츣޳޶̵ġ
ϷԼʮ£δǰǸС֮Ů޸˵ʱĹүȻһˣȻԿʱ毺õòֻƽЩС߶߶
Ϸ˺͹үҲȻʱ죬ȻǹϸʹСӣүƽرȽ࣬ҲǶŹˡ
˷أǹ˴үԼȢģ˷˱һ֮Ůʫ顣СѾߣӺֱָԼŮޡ
֮˼һ˶ǴԹ󣬼ͥϵҲΪ򵥡
Ϸ˱Ÿ޲֣Ա߹үеĿţϷ˱Ÿת˸
ү
ǸǼ磬û˲͡
ϯϣϷһֱŸ޲֣ιιҲԹԵͶι
Сĸ׻ﲻϺúóԷһֱͼҪôǿʲôͷҪι˷ͷˡ
޹￴ŵĵܵܣܵܣԣȥ档
СĻڿʵʵĸ׻ȴιˡ
˷Ц˳ɷŶͷһ¹Сܡ
˴үŮҲͺͬŮĹү̸
Ժ飬֪ʶѾ죬ҲҵˣԺԡ˴ү
үһѺ룬ʱѲͬգճֶ̼͢пֲֹ̼μӿƿǰŰ䲼·ȡƣ֮ǰδʶ⣬ǹ˼ԽԽǰȥЩү̾Ϣ
˴үҲΪһ˴үһŵ
үãҹ˼ҶɾҪд˵ơүҲЦ⡣
ԱιŮĹ˷ˣϰ䲼·죬ɲǸ޳죬콭ݵֶ̼ˡ
ǸǸиޣ
˵˵ܸߵ˴ˡ
ϯЦҲ͹ȥˣû¡
Ȼ޳£˼ҲֻΪǸ޴ļףɷ־Ӷࡣ
˼۰޵ġ
Ҫùү׸ôѸ޵ϯô
ŮֵЩ
ľǮ
˿϶벻ĹүҲ˱ŵʱ򣬴֪øڲϣǴһɡ
˳hݶܲѡ
˸ſÿ˶ǳ˶顣
̼Ҳӹ˸Ĺܼõ˹ү׼ţ档
֮˼ҵʢҲԲ

ҹ˸Ĺ˸ʱĵġ
޵ĸ׹˷ÿޣҲˣô֣СҲš
ȻΪԼŮţ޿ȵģ⺢ӣʱһѣԺأЩⶼǺõġ
˷߽ŮɴᣣŮ˯ðȣ۰׵ЦȺģͷͱС뿪ˡ
ﻹиƤô˯˷˲ɸ¶ͷ
ȴ˵ޣֿʼǸˣԴʶ𣬾һֱͬһΡ


3 
֪ԼǸطؼããһƬ
޵һʱ򣬻СããһƬе£žξ֪ܰȫ
ÿиϸתǲǸǵģΪڹȥһ̫£ÿһζԼȱˡ
İиж˲죬ƸΪǣֻҪԸ⣬ֻҪǶĻˣԽܵıӾԽࡣ
Թ˼ҵԽԽãΪǵˣ˵׵õޱӵģڹүÿ磬ʹݰնԸһĺøк⣬Ȼ͹˼ҵĲܱȣʱҲСơ
ݱڽϣµıֻ֣һαһͰ׷ˣأԷׯˡ
⼸˵˳ļ
ССĸ޲Ǻף佥ѾЩ塣
Ȼտʼ߹ǵﶼΪֻΣҲø治ߵﲻôҪ
Ϊã˵˵˶һ
ǽξЩͬǸ˸ԼǸޣǷ˱һ顣
һһƶŮ͵ܵΪʱҲ̫ƽΪ˸Լ͵ܵҸ֮ȻʱǶϦйӿ򵽼ſˣ׷ǲɢͻųԷء
ۿԼ͵ܵѾûԣƮҲһ̽Ҫ͸ĸ顣
ʱһĹǡ
һҲǸ޻õһʮء
Ϊһ飬Ϊ˵ʱԲѾǸˣޱҵǸˣöԷԵĶԼ⣬ΣӶף
Ǹ߸ޣǸǸСÿһԹÿһա
޾öԷÿս֣ʾԼһ
޼æǸôҵ
ߣܴŵͱ˲һζֻŵ
ޣ޸оȥһ˺ñŤѽҾ˵ǸǸˡ
޼ᶨʾ鲻

ʱԺĻҪϽԼĶˡ
ʮֿһҵܾͻܵʲô˺
ŤͷŸԼͷıĴѾߣСѾһ㲻Щ¡
㣬ʲô
ƵĴ۾С˵˵ı𣬴Ѿ뿪ˣүͱСڣСҪˣ𣿡
ԼӦòλ˻ûߡ
ôûͱ㣿޴ʵ
ϸ˵˵Ľ˲ǰ˲ǳղû
˵Ÿ¼˾ܿˡ
޵ͷ
˴˺ͽġ
Լʮ꣬ż򵥣ֻ΢΢Ųݣ˿գϧ
һĸͬ˴˺ֻ֮ǹ˷˸ƫޣ
Ҳһһ
˷Ǳţ˵ҲڽݣҲ׶µĻԼ
ΪǣڼұùҲû
˸ٺòЩ㲵ɫ˷ʵǽ㲻ã
Щ㲵˵˲Ļһ̧
˵̾˿οڼŵңء
ǼŮ޵磬޵׶÷ʱ˵㲻ˣţʶ
˿һ˫ŮѾˡ
˵ϱȥ
˷ЩΪԸۣ˵ףҲͬܣ˵̫޷ýѹ
ת˻⣬̸ŮȻֿϹЦݡ
Сܴʱ۾Ѿ߱
űͱ㣬ЩӦ
˵ĶӶСܣЦŵԶʶ𣿡˵󿴿ƽܺͱ˶һ
ԱˣԸܰ˸
ЦߣôҪ
׼ŵĸ޵㣬ܵܲꡣ
߷ߵô궼Ҫˣ
Ӷʮ꣬ýꡣ
޲˵¶ˣҲŲأ
绹Ҫ˵䣬Ӷˡ
ԼԼ֪˵嶯
˺͹˷Ҳղŵ̸Ϊ⣬ֻСֶ֮ѡ
磬۸ãڼҵʱǻ˵棡Цŵ
һ֣ͷŤһߣߣҲûУ棬ҲҪ
˵ еиůȵСǣס֣ͷһǸޡ
޵Բ𣬱㣬һȥɡ
ղŻеһëᲦŪģǿҿȥ档
޺Цͷ
ŵܵܰݱĸ׺ĸȥԼ԰ˡ
Ӷһ˲ͱκõãҡҡͷҲݱĸףһȥˡ
˵޿ŹԹԵģҲзˣ类ŽߵģڼҲû·
Ů壬ƽضϷű
ż˵ԼҵĻ԰
翴ǽķݵޣǸҲ𣿡
޿һۣԼ˵סռˡ
ҡҡͷǵģմ˼ҡ
羪մˣǵٵ𣿡ԱߵӶҲ˹
ֶˣСҲ֪ʿụ̃ǵŬ飬ÿ첻ˣδϣΪгһȥƽ£ү
ʵҲرⶰլۡǹ˼ҷŰģ˸ҲѾ˵ġ
Ժǽ档
һ죬ǹС򾣬ʱʱ㣬޺ͱ˵ĻӶһԺЦš
ѹ˼鲻ڶһ뿪
͸ͱ
ۺᣬŸ޵С֣ޣϲ㣬ϲҼСǣǶҶֻѶָҡ˵ſ۱һС
ǸÿʱյģѾװһӣ޸߹ĸ׺һЩ͸㡣
Ҳһ㣬Ҳ᲻㡣
۵Ŀ޳˵һؼҰɣҪá
˵ԼЩĺӣҲСǮƣиš
ӶÿЦá
˵Ǹ޼ңҪ޼סɡ˵۰ͰͿס
˱ҲЩģӸЦˡ
˷˿ŮԾģҲסڽݡ
ŮͷҲ´ǻޡ
ҭҭ

պ󣬽ͷ
ԽԽİߣԼԼȺֳ䶨ĸо
ͷʵʧ١
һεĻᡣ
δ游ҳס˴Ա࣬˶ѣʣµĵıھǣһЩ˳ȥ
Щˣ֪Ժ󶼻ɶǱߵˣǻᱳԼһʼնݳ󻼡
ھǵļϹܼҴϹܼҴСŵټҸҲ뿪˹仰˵ڵټң
ҪһԼˡ
ߣվԽԽĴＤӷһŮСţΪźһŻ£ȴ˽ԺⰲǸ˽֪ټңװǰǵճĸǱȴûʲôλĸţң¸ӣ̫̫ɲԼӼ̳й֮λүû̫ͿѹŰѴ󲿷ּҲⰲ
վӺ£һֱƲⰲŪ£û뵽ȴԼ賤Ůˡ
Ůһ뿪ʮ꣬տʼѾԹˣӣ档
ٵ֪Ů˻Ϣβʹ
Сˡ
վﱯʹȴԣķƳĵദۿ΢ȴ¶վʱ˱򺡹ǣϡ
ΨдӼ̳ڱְӺӶĹ١
󺲾þأûߣº󳽶ߡ
Ϸ˺ͼϱոȴš
ʱ̤ʵĸоһȺڿ
Ϊ׵Ǽֻ游
߹ȥһѹڵϣ˸ǰ˿ͷ
游ͷˡ
վʱ̲סˣ̲סᡣ
Աߵһźӵˣ˹һ
ⲻǻˡ
վһСţͺĸ׺񣬱Ҳһѱ˻
վƽһ飬ָһһ˹кӵ˵˾ˡ
˵ָһᣬһ׳˵˾ˣ˾˾þأʱܿĸмĸڼء


4 
һ˺ƺƵ뿪ͷ
ӦүҪ游һϣһ·վʱɫһЩ⡣
̸ﲻʱЦնүүɶһۣ¶ı顣
Ҫ֪үʱƢɲദ٣ֲŭơ
ֵܼҲү³ġ
񿴵ôүģ¾档
ոʱǱ游Աġ
ոǰʱһڵȴն˺˿⾰󣬲ɱ˴˶һۣϵЦ˼֡
ϷΪͽϴ岻ãõȺ
ֻǵſڵļͨҲ̲סԼߵ棬ԱߵѾҲæ
մ游ӭ汻һ̴ζĻһѱס
һ˲뵽ףˣʹһûĸס
ϷǸƵˣϴ˿˿ƣʱʫ飬ϡܿʱò
Ϸ˷ſʱСǺ˵ġ
ѾʮˣʱסһƬӲΪ˶ٷ꣬ҲϷһŪɬ
ϷڻͻȻоԼһƬʪĺۼɷ壬ҲرϷһ¡
ǰ̫ûȫȻɣʱ˵ͬ죬ݶ˸ҽӽʹҲ˸ǺݣݺݵĿڴһʵ游ҸѰӻ˵ģУࡣ
˿ůĻҲԼǲǿǣе˶ǲǻ
СĵֻرϷһ¡
ϷܸеԼﺢСľٶɵĸʹŮ
վ⸱ӣ۾ӲǻˣӱͲãˡ
ղűԼƿն˺ҲΧϷ˵ǰѾˣһ·糾ͣǳ˲ٿأ쵽ϢϢ
ģȻˣһǴõģҲˡ
ϷҲŶϱĻɿԼ
С˵ģЩЦɫֹסƣ
æ۵ҵĹܿˡ
ۿϷҪѹүһ
һ˷Ӧæְ˽Űӭ˽ȥ
ոλڽݵλãռһլԺŴ󻧣סҲǷǸˣ
үʱǽǸˣոƫׯصţֻǺȢϷˣϷŪǻݣԺ໨ֱ߹Ժӱá
ռ˿ڶ࣬үԼֻϷһӣһŮԼȷǳ⣬мңռÿһסһСԺúӱүϷס
סƫԺմү٣ҾҲ֮⣬ո˶ڡ
ʱԼǿʱ䣬ϰ˼ȡ
ոǺĺڸСԺòͣүһ֮Լǵķ²ܣռҲӣֻǵ֮𲻿ԽеĹһ㲻١
һֱϷţ÷ʱҲϷߣϷЦš
Ϸ˸۰⺢ӣǣССûһ£ǰĲ˾ͶѳС롣

Цųȥ
˾˼ҵĺҲڣնүһŮնһŮΪүȢްϣֵһүҲӣմүأҰ²ᡣ
ռңնͦӲƽҲݣĵϷ˻ģն˵ôۡ
ն˾˺˾ҲŵµΨһӣ׷۰Ŀ⿴ʾԵ㡣
̧ͷ˸ȵЦ
˾˺;ĸҲ̾⺢ӳãͯһ㡣
ʵһʹСҹĳിУСʱսͯǿٱ
վϷ׵ϣܺԼͬסݷӴأӼϼҲסÿСԺרŵ˷ȴܾˣʾԼϲһס˿ҲıԱߵСԺ˵ҲɣƫԺǽԽ޵С԰Ǹ޵ĸ¥
ܳ辢ǰԼҺӶȹȥˣնүүЦ⣬˺һۣи뷨
նԾڹǰ棬ôҲԼӺúúദ
þͱȽϼˣͷɻм꣬ϥȴһӰŮ̾˿Լӡ
ϣϷ˱úϢϷ岻ãүҲ뿪
λһߣϯɺܶ࣬үƽջأСǰնүүҲ档
նҲˣλҲ뿪ˡ
ϱֻʣС
Ŀǰֻն˵ӣغŰʮ꣬ܵꡣ
磬ţѾ˵ķɣһĵÿΡ
Űȵܵܵһͷͷ ʮֻãֻ۾תʲôӡ
ڴԷԷҲڴ
ؾñܺÿɰѡ
Űڿñ˽Ҹˣ
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Ű͵ܵߣ
Цſߵı磬ĬĬλվӡ
Űʮֵ⣬ЦıܣҪҸ硣˵Ű°ͣǿ׳ģ
˿ûһ߳ܣǰŰЦúƣ硣
˵еԵЦʱʲôıƵʱ
Ű˿ûвΣգСʱЦҲǸˣһøģãʲô棬ŲҸһ˵Ťͷ
أ׵ܵܡ
ŰĹڣЦеģ綼Сܿ˹˹ĵģǳദ֮շǳǢ
Ȼеľ飬ǳչܵܡ
С½磬һֱճ
û־飬ǰĸԼʮѾȥټҶ󣬳ɹܴĺ常ĸӹȥʼҲ϶ܺãûϸеůһʼΪ˶ټҴ󷿵ļҲϾʱ̫үټҴ󲿷ּҲԼӣֲƾӪֻḶġ
ȻոֻȨ֮ƣ˿ҲδģһСܣһСܵСҲɶЩġ
ŰϲƯСˣ̲סʣܵܣϲ𣡡
ռҸҲĿ
˳ӣСϲԺҪƾ٣ҪһҪƾء
С˵ҲԼøѾǸСˣСģæҲϲ飬Ҫͯ
С˾ӣҲϲ飬׷ҪҶ
˼ѽ
Сܣϲ䣬Ҫ游Ľһ
Щ죬ʵٲõΪ̫ƽʢʢģ䣬ѹ鲻ûе
游ʵᣬȻаһԭ򣬵룬ҪѾҪˣ򺡹ˡ
ˣԺδء
ʲôɫСܵܺðҪϲԸ游˵ѽ游һͬġ
Ű˷ܣһҵ֪ı顣
һһΪѵĸײͬģһֱҪҺ͸һһ飬壬ƽҶ͸һȥѧء
磬ҲҪ飬Ȼôָӱˣ
ŰһãȻ̲סʸ磺𣿡
һͷ
СܿһǺðɣԺһǺúö飬Ȼ󵱽ɣ
غԱЦ

С糡
ŰҸ硱
֪˭ҿǴү
ŰʲôܣҸ硱
Ǵ˵սթޣ硱


5 
ԼصոΪ׼Ժӡ
żɨԺҲոˡ
ϢȥĵݣѾı㡣
վȻиڼңռһЩҵÿҲҪҲҪ˼һ³˼⣬һЩġ
ʱȳʩ˸񣬱Сܵ游ߡ
ͷˡ游鿼ƾ١ϱӿ˵ǿҵģһߵǸλãĻӵİϱΪ˲ٰ㾡
ЦⱲ뿴ûĵ֮·ܲô˳
վԼȥƾ֪ƾ֮·࣬Щ˿һӶûϡ
һᶨ棬ѾˣʱһֱҶ飬óͷء
վ뵽ŵŮŮҲȻ
ãͬˣͺ㼸һȥѧ
֪游һͬ⣬游˵ᣬʣʲô᣿
վЦէȻˣ֪վ˸ӡ
ϲлл档
վͷ˵Ҳûһ׽ˣԺͽ游ɡ
û˿ԥ游
վһѱﲻڼˣվЦ
ŵ˻࿴һ۶Щ죬ǳүߣҲûүôģҲүˡ
ȷδ·ƾ٣ֻһĸ˫ӵСƾٳٶȽӽȨ롣
һ˽߽һľӣүǳʱƱһʱߵüۼҵӿɲֹǸۡ
һ۵Ҫȡᣬǲʱͳ˱˵ 
飬ҪЩǮȥһ⣬ഢ޻ǵǮһǧã߳޻ʳ
ԾϷ޻ͼۼ𣿣
ϱ޻ɲǺϷ޻˵֪ٹһʱ䣬Ҳǣ뽫һ󺮳ׯܺ޻ǹӦǾЩٹ˺޻һξҪݺݵ׬һʡ
ģ˵Ժ䣬飬ҵķԸ
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˸
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ǸܹȥĳŶ̽ԴСðѵܸܵһ
޹˲ʲôһ˹ȥ
޿ܵһСǰվţǸС
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һŶ˫ѾٵСŮ˹˵ģСƻ
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ͷС磬ǹ˼ҵĸޣй˳hʲôѽ˵Цһ¡
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˶٣Ÿ֣Ǹڰɣ´οɱ깷ˣ˵Ŀһۡ
˿ûʶԼСȻƯͷ㣬ǿĳ˫ѾŶϻŮޡ
Цۣţǹ˸ģҼҿɴˣС磬Ҽ͡
˵ֺսţһ϶磬йζõ֬㡣
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޼ţŵ֣ܵܵʾܴܵս
ܵҡҡͷûа㣬ʲôζûԼϵɡ
˵꿿ᡣ
޺ߣҧָͻȻһת뵽Ļ˾ǴζֻԼŵ
ѵǰԼĶˡ
޼æ磬𣿡
ǰСŮһۣЩţҪʲô
޶ʱ۾ˣ£ȻûƭˣСɲԼߵ
ű㣬ſԻԼף
·磬ϲ㣬Ѻ𣿡
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ûκӶ֮УǰҲûѣţǲѡ
ϴ΢΢Ц⣺ҪѣסͺѾһӲܱңȻúܲӴ
޿ǰ͸ղŽȻͬףоЩµģ룬Լ˰ҪԸ
޻С֣磬ģһᱳ㣬ȻˣҿԾ𣿡
Ҳ֪ԼΪʲôŮǰж·̻¶Լ˿־һ棬ǰһСӡǰЩ˿־ôӡ
е·ͨͨᱻƣΪλ̤ʯ
ѵһԼеĹҪ֪ǰЩֻЩ䴫˵ҿء
񿴿ŮֶܼãĿߡ
Ц˵ðոᣬҡ
˷ܼˣԼĿֽһ̲ס˵磬Ҳѽ
ðȻȥϴϴɣҿɲѡ
ٷɿ磬ҿɰɾˣȥؼϴҲμᡣ
˵һڴĿΪѴðɿȥɡ
ϲʩһŵܻܵȥˡ
޻ȥʱѾ߱մӷֻΪȥˣһ
С㣬·ôŪˣˤ𣿡
˵ֿСүԾСүҲˤ𣬿ҿ
޼æ赲û£ղڻ԰أСĲģҪȥס
˵ɿŵܵܵķ䡣
ֻй˴һˣܹȥ˵ĸ׻
˴˿ŻŮôˣҲôճˡ
޴ĸ׻̧ͷףڼҺģȥ档޻ĸ֪Լ깷¡
˴ˣ㲻ǰܵҲûۡ˵ŵһСͷ
˳ȥ棬˭Ҿٰ𣿡
˷˼һ£˼Ϊ֣ʵкܶ˸Լǹ˼ҲʲôԼȥġ
˴һµ˵ոүӾˣռҪأȥ𣿡
¶ЦݣȥҪȥ档
˴ˣȥ˿Ҫعأռҿعصġ˴˻Ů
ڴӦ
˴˾ŮȥʶʶҲá


6 
ո
Ϸƽ岻ãƼȨѾն
ոڽʱ壬پٰᣬݵĿⶼ˹
ƽոõģն˵Ҳڿ̸
Ϊ⼸նƫԺδţҲǵһμո⼸ӡ
նүغŰ⣬оүϥֻһŮȻŮҲܳ谮Ҳ
ûֻͬ꣬ϼ¡
үһŮͤŮӯž꣬ӯꡣүС˵˵үϲλңӶλ
˲ÿɷ
֮ĹϵЩ΢ն˺˸ãҲϲˣͼŮЩ΢ˡ
ǸȽϻÿʵŮȥ濴λСܡ
Ҳ˺ǿ˵ˣ游ĸϲСˡ
һźӯӯСһ꣬ǸСŮϷǰҲм棬ｿߵĲ£ϴθ½˼ΣȿǸҡӯѾͷҪ
ŸᣬʹЩϲֶ̨Σߣ֪
˾ÿɫʲôߣ
˵ãǻΪϴǸҡ̫ϲˣÿϲҪ͸ˣ㻹Ļһ㡣
ߣ˭Ҫģ߿Ҫ˵
һӣǸһźڶûбԼߵ˵ġ
ӯ۸ܵһ£Ƶһġ
ؿߵ龰żżǳ£ΪҲò֣ڰƵ̫ˣȥɲոһضû 
һ࿴ӯӯŶ󷿻һ磬϶ʱˣԼ㡣
ŵǰͤܣӯ£ӦøǸ
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ʱܹ۾ͨ죺ҵĴöΪҲִ
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ⳡ־磬ոҲû
ŰյߣˣѧҲΪԼ˶Ǳ
ЦĿͤʲôദˣֻҪᣬһѱ˺ݺ²ȡ
Ҳˡ

ʱѾոûпԼĶ˸硣
͸Լ׽ãնںͼ졣
˹˴æк
Ҽھӣֶǽļ塣
˵һ٣һ̣նأ˸ѽһأûǹ˸Ĺ˴ү׼ƿء
ˣ˴Ҳôģ̸һʣλ˿һһ㶵ġ
Ƕǹٻ˼ҳеƲϹ˴˵ģǼԼҪֺõն˶˼ҽá
λ˶һۣҲǰȥ׷׺͹˴˽̸
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⻰˵ˣãļҽأڲѷҾ͸ĸˡӯռеڰˡ
Űʵϲޣܿɰӯ˵ҪĸԺôĸǰ״ӯ״ˣϴξ״ĸ֪Լûȥѧá
ӯԼ綼ŸޣˣߣǣǶ۸ңǶҸ硣
Źڿޣİο䣬Щ˵Сֲǹġ
Ϳˣʵӯ˵ǼɴҲҪõ顣
ſŸޣλãҼò£ˣҴ˵Բ𡣡
˵һֱֳĬĸޣ˵ʵһֱķչԼƵĽ㣬ĪòϲȻܺÿӡ
ҸޱʾԼͷβûѽûü˵ء
ŵĻɿԼĶ˸硣ղһֱⳡ־磬ղ۸޵ʱȻЩ
ڿ赭дƵϣҪǼƽϾͳˣǸ޶û˵ء
ʵŮ֮Сֶͦģοŵֶô˿֪ˡ
˵·˹˵ű㣬޿ǱСأοҲûǲǣ˵ſ˸һۡ
޵ͷûѽһֱλ˵
ŵű㻹ǻȥúùܽһԼðɣԼԺȥ˵Ǹ
ű齩ˣѾʮһˣƽԼЩӶǺϧҲλıܺúദԺԼĻ
û뵽ıܿſɰû뵽ɲ򵥣ҲӣȻˣԺҲøʲôˡ
ЦҵĴûǰ棬ȸˡ˵һƸƸõ뿪ˡ
ۿһᣬԸ˵ɣһɱ۸ˣԺô죿
޶ЦЦ˵ղŲǱԺҲһֱҵġ
ȫСĪ鲻
˵磬Ժʲôְ̫Ťˡ˵һ˼
Խݸ硣˿ûɬ֮У޺硣
ûʧݸ磬ݸ硣
ź˳ֺݸ磬Ҫȥѽ
ǰߣݸ磬Һ𣿡
ݸ硭

ĥĥعͷһ¸޵գٺͲˡ
С죬ֻʣ´˫Цɸ
ʵĻˣҪݸӺá

Ҫѽߨs^tǹ⿴ղأҪˡ
С糡
ޣݸ硣

ޣݸ硱
š
ޣݡ
޻û˵ޱ飺ˡ
գգ۾Цۡ
һһºüǰģһ췢ü°иΪ^O^


7 ѧ
Ѿȥݶ֪ո˸үүӶǳ谮
ԸԳ˺ݸĹϵ⼸춼˷ܵĲˡ
˸׹˴ˡ
Ҳȥ飬㶼ڶء޴֪Ƕոѧ飬ݸҲڣ뵽һע⣬ǺͶ˸һ顣
˴ЩŮôȥһոôˡŮǰ˵Զ˵ᣬҲϲѵȥոոҵϸˡ
˴˾ŮòҪϽˣҸ
޽ſڣռҽһ顣
˴ոҲѧһ㶼Զո棬˵ܽˣոѧݶķӻоأ˴˾뷨
Ůͷ״Ӧˣҵúүү̻˵һ
ڹСܣ̫Сʹ˿һ롣
ǣһ˳Էʱ˴˷¿ӣѾˣҴȥոѧԼҲϲ
үүƬ̣ոѧŮֿģרſŮѧ͸޹ȥҲ
̵ѧķǻ˵ģޣʱӴСģ²£
ѾСˣСʱ̾ԼһȥӱߣкͯϲϸƤСŮˡ
ʱ޷ǳƤڹСһΪҲɷѿġ
ǳĸѾ֪Щ˼ҵĻѻ
Це̣޲£޻ġ
˴ү˼ĸԶѾǶµףͯ¾ͿʼԼˮƽеף˼ҿ»ߡ
ʱ˸ʵ֮ңŮһ£˫˫޳ɡ
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ڶգ˴˱ŸŰݷնˡ
ⲻһС£նȻڴӦ
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ǵһʼǽ£ûз˭֪ң̰ٺУϷЩһˣ뽨ãһ˴Ԫ궼ûҲʱ룬һһ
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ЩϱҲںԼֻⱲӣҪ߿ƾ֮·Ǹöôѻȡľ档
ոѧռزСոСү⣬ҲĽˣһЩҾ˼ҡ
գҲѧûиߣæ޻¡
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ѡϱȻӾǸöûٶղ鼮İãΪ·׷ϼֵǧ鼮ˡ
װרΪԶİ࣬Ҫ׼ͯˡ
ͤǺŰһҰ࣬Ǻɵģ˵װ߲ΣȻﲻŵĶǳɼÿɼλӴ׵תװ࣬װѧòˣҲǻӻҰģ˵Ϊ˼ǣҪи
ÿճʱʼϿΣмϢʱ䣬ʱϢ
һѧҽԻؼȻҲѧᡣ
ҵԼλãó黹ֽʣʼ˹īĥīʱŵС
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ŰǸ磬ʲôѽ˵ĵĿһۡ
ѧҲܺ棬ǿ֪Ϊıү ûаոȻİᣬѾ㹻˳Ծġ
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ΪԻЦǼӱ
Ұ඼ѾɹˣٶټգǧЩ鼮ǡӡ飬Ȼ硶ĹֹЩֻǿͯҪѧϰģͯͨΪţ˿˸ð徭ѧãʿҪѧϰʮʷΪʿҪ۵ġ
ʱ
߽ѧã飬СС˵᯷ˣˡ
СԼǸ죺㲻ҪҵҶҲŲء
㡭Сӻû˵꣬ƿ˹
³һ䣺ڿ㡣
СӽԪŤͷãȻС̨Ʋһۣŷޱɫŵõͷ
ŷת߲ŲŤͷС˵лл㡣
ѡһ
᯷ӿ˿ѧãѧ˸ѧҵһÿ˵ǻǵڣ
ѧʯл𣬲Ԫ̡ѧʼ֪ѧȻ뼺ˣ÷͡ഺΪܳꡣ
᯷ӵ
˵ֿҰǰ˵ʫ͸㣬ף
վ᯷ʩһ֣صѧףѧഺ껪Ŭ鿼
᯷ЦЦ¡
᯷ѧʱȵˣʱ˵ԼѾѧһҰࡣ
һÿξôȥ᯷ӹȻ֮Ͽξʣ˭ҪǴ𲻳ŵĽ߾ͻ᲻Ĵϡ
Ҳһ⣬᯷Ӻˡ
ŮѧǱߡ
ӦãŮӹĲϣ縣͵ĺӣ鼮⣬Ů飬ŮѵŮ䡷ȣŮǻҪѧϰ黭ȻѡһԼϲΪԼĲա
ҪһԼϲѧ˸ݸ续һ͸
޺һŮѧְ༶ϾЩСѧҲΪ˿ƾ١
ոŮѧǽݵŸ֣Ҳ˵׸ŮޣǶֺãЩټ֮Ůǿ


8 ̿
ӯҲУƲһ۸ޣŤͷС˵ʲô˱˵߿ޡ
ޣʵͦĵģǹҿԼľͦģҾͲ
޴СиǾһıȲı Ȼ仰˵ģүү˵ģԼѾ˼
վ㣬˵ʲôҺҵ
˵źǣ˵һ˵ǲõģøΪŮøɵ¡
һøļ˱鴤ӯŭˣվø˵ôˣ㱾̼֮Ů
Ůе㲻˼ӯҲ׳˵
ҡҡͷǾøҪ߷ӡ
˵Ÿ޾׼ȥҷӡ
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ȥҷӣС
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ӯޣû˵㡣
̻ͷ𣿡
ӯޱ飺ġ
ˣصλϡ
Ŀޣޣ
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սޣô֪ȥ״
˵Ҹȥҷӱʱ˵Ůѧвз֣Ҳǣ˭֪ô¡
ӯһӯķŮ̲סս
ŸһԼŮҽϪǽݸŮ
޿ĵǹ˳hСޡ
ϪҲϲӯһȺˣԺ۸㣬ұ㡣
⻰ɲ˵˵Ϫ⽭Ĺ٣ӯ֮ǰͽɲϲϲ˵档
Ͳʲô
˿֪ԼΪø֮ŮԼ࿴
һÿν󣬸޶ϵС˵Լ£˳ŮѧѧԶ
޹ȥʱÿվڻ԰
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ס۾գգ״Ƴ˼һǸޡ
޴תô֪
ΪͿˣֻװ֪ѡ
ŸޣѾָ˸ͷССһţŷɫȹŸһСˡ
ʣô
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ޱ¶һЦ⣺ǸģԲԣ
ͷҲûأϲ飬Լġ˸֪Լ᲻⡣
Ц֮ǰЩ˴ЦݣѸ޶ˡ
ޣݸ磬Цÿ
Ҳ֪Լܺÿ
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޵˵˵ͷֺõݸ磬˵Ķԡ
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ЦЦ˵
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޶ʱĵãҪһ𡣡
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Ȼ;˿ˡ
ʱһֱæү£Ȼү˵޻ȷʵǳգүԸ˸ֿ⣬мȥ޻
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үôôడү˿Ŷѽ˵ĸĸ
ڿ飬ôһ£еͷԣȶ˼ſЦõ飬ĸѽ
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үӦңԼ岻£ټҴΨһѪүָѹء
ļ򣬳˵ұ˭ϧΪ˭һĻᡣ
˵ķӦ˰ɣռϷ˵ĸǱÿնݼϷˣԱϷǷֲһı仯˭ôһͨ
Ϸµˣ֪Ϸ˵ͷɲøϽϷˣ˳ѽЩ˵ˡ
ÿѧҹϸ첻𴲣Ϸ۵ѽܿˣԼԲסȥŮŮ
үʱ⻹ƴء
ϵ˶ȰϷˣү£ҪָϷ˲ϧˡ
үڣ˶û취ˣ֪ùǺõѽǺòڼһնү
ϷһҪù޵ĸˡ
նү˳ն˵ҲϽѽ㿴ⲻǸˡ
Ϸ˲ܾһ֣ޡ
Ϸ˻ͷ˵ĸϲ飬Ҳö࣬ˡ˵ֲϷ˵ˮ
ϷֻеһֻСԼϲãһļֱҪһ̲ˮ
кüǶܹɣûһٶΨһŮڻһŮĶӡ
Ϸ֣һֲֻҲˣϽǺ£ϲ飬ҾͽͷӰᵽȥһƽҲ
ֻܹԹӦá
֪ү֪ҷô˵᲻ޡ
˿һ仰ͰŸȰסҲǿЦãһֱҪһĺӣֻϧ
¶Ц
ôһռ˶֪ù
ռ˷Ӧͬ
үȻ͵ģԼҪᵽҲ˫޳ɡ
ȣǲֻǿٶѡ
ñҪˣҪŬС
ǼӶ
ͤСڼıߣ˶ϡ
źӯԴϴα泰Ƕܺ޵
ֻùźá
ѧãһߵÿ첻ڿ飬Ժ壬ϱӴӾϰߡ
Ҫ˵˾ͲˣÿѵҪϱӼЩˣһģһ
ĲиŬ£ĳɼķǳ죬ѧ޲ڡ

ÿ춼µģԺĸ»ϡ
ô͵ߣСʹղһ£ѾǩԼˣϸϡ
ûС糡ŶӦûһ¡


9 
ܿ죬ȽھҪһͰѽչ꣬ȵʱұͶһȥˡ
˸Ҳ׼ţΪԽ˴ڸչ˹˴ү˴˲Ůһ˳ȥ֪ոһҲ
ǰС㱧ڻϾôֵ˷Ҳܲ񣬾˵˭Сү°ߣû˵һġ
Ѹ޵߬Ľġ
һű㿴ﱧڻĸޣȻҲҪȥ
ȽڵĵƹůůڸϣųԼ׼СӣԼҲģԼǴСһˣѵøôɣѸ޵˰ɡ
ͷ˵ʲôԼȥȥҸˣô࣬һСޣ˵Σա
Ÿޣ֣뽨ã֮ǰսʱŮٶϣһԨԴŮӶܿݣο˶СûʲôŮˣȻһЩ廹עЩ 
ԼСС֣ȥ̻ţߵĺ˶СȻСΪϣ׳ҲΧ
ŸޣޣԺҵһᱣ㡣
룬Ǹ˵Ҫݸõ粻ݸ
Ǹ˷ܵãݸ硣
 ѹеĳһ̷·𲻼ˣƮĹ¶Ҳʧˡ
Ҫˣֹĸޡ
˵ޣǸСǡ
Щ죬ѵѾԼݣ뵽Ӧɺϡ
߽С˵磬ʵǸŶ
ûЦô˵͸˿
һ϶ͷ֪ҵͯһ
ȤҪμͯԣһ𣿡
޵磬Ҳġ
Ϊףˡ
ЦллõףʱҪǹ˾ͺúøл㣬Ҫʲôġ
ĵҵԸѽԽԽþҪġ
ްڰ֣ݸ磬ʲôҪֻҪ㽡ƽƽ
ôѽ
ޣţ磬޻һֱףġ
ůĲůˣҪػá
Ƚ͸޶ܿġ
Ƚڹȥ˼죬ָֻĿǰ徭Ѿᱳˡ
ÿϿǶ̾мӣ츳ĺӺܶ࣬ҲЩûʲô츳ĵŬĺҲŬ츳ĺ̫ˡ
Ҳڷܴ̼ѧõĺӣ̿εԸоѧŬ
ЩҲܸˣҲϣԼѧܿţˣ״ԪԺ˵Լĳĳˣĳĳ״ԪҲǺӡ
ȻʽʦģҲҵѽ
չȥ˴ү׼ˡ
ԵϸǺʹǲŽϣһ·ѹˣʲô̥ǣרżڲᣬ˵ڴЩŮװٳĸ޻̸֮ҰСԼġ
ǰΪʲô֮⣬˻̰ٵļϲû˹ġԴĿʵһǻĹٹͬƶ˿ƾΪƶȣ˵̼֣ӵܸûͥΨһ;ˡ
ƾٲʵ۹ԱάİҲΪƳ硣
ĿԿʼˣԷĿûʲôš
֮ǰ˵еѧӱǳϣû̲סе˲ٲ̧˳ȥ
ǵģÿйٲѲӣºҲ¼ⳡԺҲҪҲǿʵ涨ģΪľǷֹ˽ס
˽׻ϾնףųնҲС
Ҫĳһ쿼һǹ念֮ҲѰµĽݻһ㺮⡣
߳ⳡҲԵԼʥˣûжʣҲǹؾˡ
ţ˴˱Ůڵȴո޴˸ñӣԽĵССġ
ӹཱུŮ˵𣬽շ󡣡˵Ϊ˷˸һ´ҵͷ
˴ְյķ˿󣬲˵󡣡
ЦЦǣŷ˵֣һֱŮؼˡ
ճʱĵҲԺ
˸
׼˼ȣڹ˴үͷӵԺӣүͷûӰӵĿԡ
޿һЩƣĵһת˵úϢɣһῼϵġ
˴үλϵŮã޵ĻϢ
Ա߹СҲһῼϵġ
Լһ˫Ůнޣֻûƣûˡ
Գɼĺܿ죬󣬹֪ԼĳɼԵʮɼ˵ǳˡ
ˣˣذסԱߵѧӷ׷׶Ͷ֮۵Ŀ⡣
ϾǳԣеҲռ
һӡǸصĶˣѾ˺üΣοذ׿Ǹ˻ˡ
ﱾκζķǮƣҲ޶Щӡ
Ҳ̾˿ж鲻ף˼һã˼һ굽ͷҪũô죬һ֮ˣǿȻԵĿֵˣԴϲǿϵģҧȥ
ҡҡͷݱ˼˱Ҹϡ
ĪҪΪſ˼򵥣Իֻǵһµ׵ĸԡ
ûʱ䣬ֻص
λڳ͢˺˵㣬ǳԹ࣬Сʱʱ˼ֻͨũң׹һִ߽ͷԣС졣
ǵģݵĸ׹˼Ҿôһģõֿӣ˱ϥеĹ˱˲Ǯȴˣһܵ٣۾ǮҲҪǲڽ 
Զ޷仰ù˼ҳΪǰңëһΪױֱ˿ɲμӿƾ٣׼ƾٿԡ


10 
൱ڽʡĶᣬԺԺԶУ۳Ͷٵ࣬ǻԻҪϿ
˸˴үһֱΪ׼һ˵ӲǱȱѧӶ
⼸һֱŮѧϿΣŮͬѧദǢµӯˣҲʶѣ˽ݸŮϪ⣬оǽ̫үŮ˪
̫үھе٣پӶƷʱΪ˷͢ҲѧڶǳĶҲڳ١
˵ߵѾ˽ϼңҺǮԼҡ
Ůѧ˵вЩԻ·ǲһ
ſŸ޺ߵ̸Цʵ۾Ҫˣ˺ĲӣɲǸɵãȻһֱڼΪټ֮Ů֪ԼֻǸŮԺĻ»ÿĸģŮѧƴŮЩĹŮԼá
ЩĻʱʱһ֪Ľ㣬ѾѪʲôǸ̼֮ŮѴ֮ĵõЩŮѧ뽻õˣɲЩŵСĴ
Ҳдĵ룬ûôгҵĸ߹ء
ӱţ㿴ʲôأǲҲø޿ɰѽ
ţûУĿģˡ
ӱһƭˣһֱעţҶüˡ
ҪϲԸ˵ѽҲøͦɰģҼúöˡ
ҧһݣǼЦݣǰͦɰġܲ˵ḣ޲עİɡ
ӱǰɣҲϲޣ˵ǺѺôãһϲġ
Ҳ˹ˣɲ뵱ĵҶί˵߶кöˣûǡ
ӱʧ𣿡
ҿȥҸޣ̸Ҳĵġ
ʲôҵʾȥҲ磬ȿȣҲ˵Ѻý
ҲЩƣѧõܺãҲѧԺѧ˸ݸ续
ÿϢʱݸ죬ⲻˡ
ҲͦƵ£ڡ
ӯļСõޣϵܲҿһ¡ĳ̶ֳǷǳȵģֻҪ㲻۸
ȡֵӵݸ˵Ц
ӯŤͷһӿһۣߣʲô˲ġʵӯϲӣ򣬵Ǳ̵ľܾˡ
ӯ˵ӵݸˣԱ
ޣ´αⶼˡ
ʵȷǵһΣĳһΣ޴˸ȦӯҪȥ˿һθ޴˸·
ӯʲô·ֱҪϪЦˣȻͬѧ˽˭֪࿴˳ѽⷢչҲĪˣ˷׷ͷԣ൱һϻŵĵϾͻȻ˵ϳɶѽҪһ
Ϫڴ峤󣬽֮СʤҲӯɶ˼ˣǰźӯãھȻЩɰǻͷ˰ɡ
Ϫ곤˪֪ӯΪʲôڳıʲô𣿡ɲͻȻˡ
˪꣬޵ͷʣҪǸʲôѽ
̧ͷʾԼûʲôѽ
˪ЦΪûʲôÿҲʱ㶼ȥơ
ӯǱôģȥҲ磬ȻͷȻݺ㣬ÿζЦģƻˡ
ö֮ӯĽųѷ졣
һŮ˵ӯӯûġӯʾǿ
һŮʾǱ۸ˣ㿴ɰܹԡǱļɱˡ
ӯȥ£ͼü֪޵аĿû뵽޵аûԼߵСõһһСޣϴԡ
ӯߵĽÿ춼˵޺ùԣҪ۸ˣӯ᲻ɴݵĳѷ죬Ǿͱ
ףϸһȷʵеɰӯԼÿȥҸһСë
ȵıʾֻҪǲ۸ңʲô˵¸
տʼҲΪǴı£˪ķЦ
ȻЦ⣺ޣҲܰռСñ
ҪЦˣʲôʱűнģǰ˼̫ˣˣƣŹ˼죬Ѿ޸ˡ
Ǿøֲ˼ħܰһ鷢չĹ
Ѹ޵ãԺͲõ㱻۸ˡ
ͷԺ޻ᱣݸ硣
һЦһξֻ֮гޣ˱ʲô
⼸ڼҿ飬·һȦٴж鲻ףҲҪЩ˵ġ
ԿʼԵļ˺ܶ࣬ûʲô⣬˳˿꣬ľԼѧʻңȻ꣬ǵⲻס
ԳɼҪȥԼ˵¡
ڶж˵Ĳףۼ㻹õģЩ鶼𡣡
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ôΪã
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ŴϲӢѽ
ǹ̻ϲҪ˽ѧãիƶѧӡ
̻˶ͷģΪһ֪ͼ󲢲˵Ǯƣ˱ڸǳǮ˽ѧã⣬ǿԴĺѽ
ǰû˵ĸôģסˡ
үԸ⣬˵ô³̰ɡ
үҲԸ⣬ҳӡ
ҡ
ҡ
̻˷׷Ӧүұ𼱣ⶨ³̡
û죬ݶˣǽݣʡطҲˣٵ˶ʾԸǮ˽ѧá
ݰҲǸ˲ѣҲ֪ǹ˼ģ׷׸л
ڶ˸ǿţЩȻݺᣬҪʲô飬īһҪӣ˼һ껨ˡ
һʵʵڻݼ˵£ȻеĶ˻ΪҲֹһ
ˣ˵ıԷиȦӣ²֪ôԽԽ󣬾Ȼ˾ǣԱʵˣʵ۵ʾһ£Ҫؼν
ҪСԹžǶ£λھȻԸѧãǧδУϾΪԼӢʢֱӾ˸æҹ㣬¡
û뵽¾Ȼˣֱؼһκģʥϻ˵Ҫν
ŹүǸӣϷΪʲôˣæʣôˣⲻһ𣿡
κˣһ¡
ͷӡ˵źһ¡
үǼҪѽ˵Цù˼ɻ
үոүҽȥ˵޽ѧõ£ĺʥϻԼνǡ
Ϸ˵ʥϻάǣϣǼϲ°
㿴Ŷӣļ򣺡ĺðǹ˼Ժ󽻵ҷġ
Ҳû뵽ôķӦ˿Ҳ˷֮ܵС

һղϡ


11 
ɹ˼ⳡ粨˺ܾãĶ֪ˣ˼ҵƾٷ׷ӦѧΪ֮г
ʱո¾ӣվڴǰһر̲¾ӱסСԺЩЩȫԺиСŴ໨ݣڿ֮и֮ء
Ҳ˵£˸ʵһ£ǰŴ£Ҳδ˵˼ңС˵һУǴ꣬˸λ˵˽ѧԺѧء
Լֻǰľֻһ˼ұನأű̾˿ֹϴ
ֶڲ꣬Ҫ²ͣÿһ̶˷ѡ
˴үĸѾ꣬Ϊæųѧ֮£ҲעԼɼСĳһմϲԳɼΪҲˡ
үЦʲô¶ǹ˼ˡ
ЦͷʵԶûԼֳƽ̼ҵٻ֮ң·Ȼ׿ʼˣҪ˼ҾӪΪٻ֮ҡ
˽Լҵүү˷ܵӣҲȻ֪ԼΪʲô֪ԼҵῼϣΪԼһģ˵ģܹ˴ףȻף֮ҲҪĴ
ոԼ͸ʶӳãԼҵŬô͸ҲûãֻǾԼܸ˴ˣԼҪʲôܵõǾ̫ˣ˸Ҫ۵ġ
һѱԼҹŮһڡ
ˡ˵űԼŮת˸Ȧ
޿ڵЦЦǵԼҵת˼Ȧ
үԼŮǿĵСģʵүүĹүүүүСѽ
˵ŻʾԼӰŮϽȥ飬յ׵ŭӣֻ㬷Ůӱȥ鷿ˡ
Ժԣɲ䡣
үԸŮǹ˼ҵСǡ
䣬˴ү鷿ϰϱֻʣ¹˴˺Ůޡ
˴˸޼˿⣬˵Ե㣬 
޿ԼС֣мѣ˳˼Լˡ
˷Ůͷ׺ռҶԼһȥ£˳ϣѽ⼸ǳ˿ˡ
вԿģ״ȥǩ޺һȥ 
޾ԼҵˣһѽӦҲȥɡ
Ц˵ףȥȥ𣿡
˷˵ֹأСҲȥء
ˡ
ѾιųԷĹСܿŽҲȥףҲȥҲҪݰݡ
˴˿ŹСССһţҪȥݣЦˣЦŴãԶҲȥݡ
ڶѧãһȥˣ֪ȥ磬רȥ
ѧſڱ㿴԰ķӣǳʱڣ԰һƬ٣ԼǽʡشϷ໨ˣǰڵľǣԿء
ǻӳţǳĵǷԽϲˡ
ԾǾʹЦ⣬Ƿ߹ȥ
޿߹Цۣ޵ҲҪȥ𣿡
Ŭ̧ͷСӣģѾָ˸˫Ѿ٣ͷĵԽԲˣе˼ţЩϱӺСʱԵǴǺ«
һԲģıһ㾧Ө͸˪˿˿ģ޾һǺ«һǲ֪һĸ
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ЦŴ˵ǰҲȥ֪ȥҪ˵ġ
뵽СҲȥȤԱҪȥҲûоôˡ
СȥʲôѲɻݷ𣿡
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ȥµһգշԼҵĺӹ˴ҲŹСܺ͸һȥҶǸ˼ңȥݷòҪһ·̣ʶȥѾҲ٣ҲǶ鵽ҹȴѣһ˶ԼϿҪ
޺Ŀ棬ȥϽҲȥ˷ܼĴĳͣϣݵش֮أö̼СѾӪҵĴһζ
Ǵ£ʤɽҲַ.
ռҶ˴ԼҼӣ˼ҴŹСܺ͸һ𣬴ɽµɽҪ̨ףԼһٸ̨ס
˶ȥ׻˵ĳ飬Ҳʱ䡣Ա߻Ǹҵķ˹˽̧ȥġͿԼͬߵһ
ƲһСӣû˵ֻȴ˽ŲýСҲССӸϣ˱ߵ˺棬Ѿ۸ţ˴˲ġ
ͤҲն˺棬γֻնһңӲûиŸҲ͸һ飬κԼĸһֱǣֻա
ɽұͷж˴˴һϣԼҷԺ˳˳ҲΪԼСŮϣ汣ǡ
͸ޱֿˣ޸ףԸ󣬹˴ȥĸɮһʹ˴ү¡Ÿޣȴȥ
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磬űܵתһȦںɽ磬ܹȥ  ֪ǰҵıүԼСҪã˼Զš
ںɽ;Ͼǰݷ²Ȥ
űܹСӣ¶Ц⣬СһСñʼˡ
˵ʲôȴϴӺͻȻĳˣòǼ׼ȥץޣҲ׼ȣӿһһס˱죬ԭء
׼ȵڿУȥһ˲ֻԼ̫ˣԼС¡
ʵ˴˴˲٣ֻǱϾôĴһ˽ȥɽ⣬˴Ѿ߱ˡ
˵йٲפأҲû˵ʲô¡
˭Ͻȴ޸ˡ
һѱܹСӱܿ׼ץ޵ֻ֣С
ڵһʱͱǲ֪ʲôŪˣ²ĲӦմҩʱУǰֹʱСڸ޶˵һҪǵñ
ǰƵһס˳ƱװεֻֻץŸޡ
ͱǰ龰ŵþʧۺᣬ˿̼ҲŪˣҪںУһ׳ʵӱһסĿڱǣǵ˵ҪסˮŬ
⼸˿ɲϸ޵ģʹ˹˼Ҵ˽ջ㣬Ҳͨ˷ӣ˶Щȭš
˿ǰһһŮķ׾һӵܵӣ֪СŮޱǽ׸ŮǱ֮ͽȻµʲôٻ֮ҡ
ǰ˵ϴô죬ǲ˵Ͱһ𣿡
׳ʵ˵ϣҲʲô˼ңһˣһƱⱲӶԴ


12 ı
˴ЯŹСȥҸޣ۶ſڡ˴ֻһˡ
תһȦ˴ںɽ˻赹ıﵱ֪˴£ｹѡֻǵŮİΣСܿ㲻ӰҲżޡ
迴龰æ˰ѱŪѣ˳ԸߵȥѰٲ˴ҲæԸѾ߸Ͽɽү
ﻺǰ龰żޣ˰Сүץˡ
˵վȡ¹ٲҲŸģ֪׸ҵŮˣɲһС£Ϊ˼æٲɽǹٲţ޵ı˷Ӱһ࣬δޱ˶ɥ
ǰԺҲն˱ƫţʱߵС˼ææˣˣү°ˡ
նţ⻹˵ãæȥɽ
żСܵİΣԼøںͷСôɰôֻϣƽƽźá
ٲѾɽͷȻûнʱԱ˵Ͻ֪˵뿪ãʲô˵
ҲǼѽæ˵СүʱͻȻܳˣȰŪˣС㱻Ǵˡ
˴˴ʱƵϣſڱ˵㿴ǳʲô𣿡
˵ǶɴĸˣҲ֪
ƴ룬һԼСʲôΣգˣεˣ첲ʱץסֱۣҿֱһκӡ
ˣ棬ӡǣʱŲԼδǸӣʱǼӵСۣڽݸݣδǸСߵѾߣǷ°С㣬ɱСߵѾӳɣٹܰӳɴС࣬ѾԼҪףɺɱİӳɡ
˱Ǵģµʱӳɴ£ϹȥÿǷ˵ֻüӳһ棬ӳһ仰ֱӡǡ
ӳɷر߷ģһӣûѽȻڽˣ쿪ۣӳɣţҸ㱨
ռҶ˿˴˽ӣǽҲ԰ο˼ҽɱ𼱣Ӧò˷ӣӦԤıģ±Ĺ˾ۣ˷ӣôѡ񸻼Сأô᲻֪һж鷳ֲʲô֮ͽҿ̰ơ
˴ɫ˼֣ϾֻҪûΣգһжü
ԱŴԣߵǲ̰ƣʲô̰
ʱһ߸ߵԱߵˣɽѾѹˣǿѾɽˡ
ſźɽǱԤıģרѡ˺ɽƫƧأֻǣǵĵӦòš
ϸܱߣַֺһСæǰ鿴
ۿˣ·ǽ·ֱͨɽ£Ѿˡ
Ҳϵˣߡ
ʱͻȥˣȻûпɽµСⱾƫƧޱȣµҲ֪
С͸޸͵͵˳ȥ
һѰûн˷ؼС
Ҳۻصٸڽ̽顣
˼ҴʱѽӵϢүŭȻ⽭ݵĵϣŮǲҪˡ
ϷҲԱţ˺޵ް̵Ĺ֪ʲôأүϽˡ
ʲôǼȻ°ˣϾҪЮǲͨ˷ӡ
ţ鷿߳ȻҲһүԹ˵Ҷھȥݼ֪үҺ֪Щ顣
ڲǼңҵıүҲ°ˣ¶ͬѰڻɣǲ˰жԸҡ
үȥҡ
ռүȻҲ֪˴£߷ǳүʱõռң˵˴£˱һ֪ͬ
ʵڽݣЩǧ¶ҲеģǴû˵ֻ֪۰ذ°ˣչң˼Ҳ˵ǽ׸ڹ˼ͷͣͷʢɲҵռڹٳһ֪ʱҲǺް
һԲӣȻǶܵ֪ڳΪ٣˵ǽ˵ǵСȻ˼֪Ϊ֮
Ҫֻ֪ǹ˼һҽ˰ͱҼ࣬ҪŹ˼ء
˵ʱ֪ڷԸ±ߵȫѰ
֪һݣڲĿŵѣǷͽҪǮƣҿ˽ѡ
֪ʾѰҲܣ˽ܻĳǵĿ
үүҲȷʵһ⣬ֻ̫ƻ
ʱŴⷬ
ү֪һĿǰݽܸСǻˡ
ϲ⣬֪æԼã
ŵѾȷǹ˼СߵѾ˵һ̥ǣֶжר°ЩС㣬Դҵۼһˡ
գúеԡ
ܿ죬ڼͽŴʱ˽Ƿӿ˽¹ٲѾŻĻĴʡ
ֻҪ˳ڳӡ

ղغϡղһ¾ͿԿʲôʱˣһ˸ϣܷġ Ҫôɰߣ
е̣ӳġT^T


13 þ
λڽߣǱȺɽֱ࣬һɽȺ
±ɽǼͽҲԶŷΣյĵطȫĵط̧һװı͸ޡ
СûɽǹСһɽҰɽɽȺ˿ۡ
ȺͽҲ⣬ɽû֪·ߣ˵֪ǵĿˮ
˵ɽСľݣۼ˱ȻǶԴ˷ǳϤ˰ѲӷԱߣЪϢ
ڼһֱϸϢСڻûѣһֱŸޣһϸ
׳ʵȻ֮ףС޿ֵǮȥɽ¸ǽ׸ţɽαװ
ǰӵ磬Сĵ㣬ôңɲƾ֪Ŀ𣿡
гŵû⣬ǰǸЩңǲҲˡ
һ϶˵ɴ⣬ֻɱˣôغ
мһѾ߶ѣ棬û뵽ƴӡ
˵꣬ϴѲ򿪣Ųæۡ
˿Ƿ۵ĵŮޣͰװ۵Ůޡ
ǰ˵Թԣ궼ûô־ˡ˵ͼȥһŮ޵
û뵽ͻȻۣĿǰӡ
ǰֻһϮֿȥʲôĿ⣬ֻͯ۾
ϴһӴ֣Ҫ֦ڡ˵Ʋһۡ
㬵ջ֡
ֲĵ־ޣҪǸȥ˵Ļ˵Ҳ˵˵ָ
϶Ц֪˭һӶøˣûʶġ
׳ʵӵȥɽţôٲġ
ֻòԸȥˣ˭Ҳ֪ǵùĿʼ
ֻǼ̫ˣٲܿæҲǵԼȥĿ
۾ˮӿʼһֱû˵ֻСһֱǣŸ޵֡
ʱ˵ǲҪ˺ңǼкܶǮ
Цǿǽ𱦱ԹԵǵǮǰɡ
۾ǲûҪ֮⣬ҲӦòʲôҶġ
ֻǣһӣɽϣ䣬ǵ˰ѻ𣬼Χ￾
ͷ˼ʱҲתѣǰ龰֪ԼΣˣȻµޣסˮС·ġ
¸ޣܵӣһ£ѸޱԼԼů
Ǽ˿ҲˣҲû˵ʲôֻƲһۡ
ȴ˵һ߱ԹԼΣջƣһⵥҪǸɳˣһҪȥ¥ǻǣҿԼ
뵽Ůӣæϡ
Ҳ̫ˣȻûע⵽һǱ㱻ϳˡ
æȥţǲҪݾߣмӡ
ͨһؤ͵˸ظϡ
֪ʱѾˣŻǷǴЩֲڵĸоһɻ
Լ𼱣ٵȵȣܿˣЩһŹ
˼Ȼӵţ˵ģ׷ΪУǹ˼Ҳǳӣֻǹ˼ҲǺ۸ġ
Ŵ˸ں棬ӻŷƴΣ֪Ƕͷ̨ˡ
Ŀɽ˻ȥԼСĸ档
ʵҲգ̱֪Ŀ˭ΪİŮӱһһⲻ֪ҰɽǼ֮ء
ɽľݣ϶ôҲûΨֳʲô⣬Ų鿴ɽϱûʲô·˼Ǽֵܰ⵱ʱݵ㣬Բ·һܡ
һÿÿıߣվڸߴܰɽ龰۵ףʱѾǰˡ
ŴǺ£˿ۡ
ʱѾɽżںԶԶš
϶濴˿´ɱˣˡ
϶һۣһǽ
ǲ֪ǶЦ˵ôû˻֪⣬οɽ·᫡
϶ҲûƽϣƲˣ̰ƺɫ
żţȴʵʱ
ڣûԻǣҲܶܣȻа취ɵˣҹɽŸɲǸð취
ΧŻԷǰ˵磬ҪҪǳԵ㡣
һٲԶԱǸ𣿡
ϴ˼һ£ûиǶԡ
Сһ·磬еˡʵ޲еǺܶٶûԣ˾š
޵ͷˡ
˵ˣҪǸԵġ
϶һۣСŮ޲ӣʲô⣬һ
ҩȻҩɲֹΣȫǼҲСܷʲôˣûаס
ǷϱʲôûֱʲôʱСκһˣС
⼸ӻҡ
ƤѺιޣԼȴûԣ޳һڣ̵ĳȴһ飬ߣʾҲԡ
һ۸ޣԵǸЦԼԻˡ
ؾ
Ǽ˳Թһȥ㣬ɽµűǵᣬһȣĸˡ
书ֻҲû취ȷ˰ȫȫˣֻó²ߡ
СĸڴߣۿＸˣͱסţȴȻһ˫۾˲ֱӣϸϸԭһֻͯ۾Ǻͯеġ
ٿ˿ͻȻ˵Ҫˡ˵ʾ⸣ޡ
޷·Ϭ˵ҪС⣬ˡ
϶Ե¶࣬ס
˵Ÿ޳ȥҸƫƧء
ʱ;ûˣʱҲ˼СΪǰ
϶һ±Σ˸ޡ
ޱЩ£С˵ǹٲǸСӻͷء
Աסᣬ֪绹档
ûˣϴģȥǳʲô¡
ܳʲô£ܲᱻϹץ˰ɣ
ϴĿ⣬ֻ߳ȥʱһץס˵ǰü۵ˣӿ״ӡǣͻȻӻͳذף˵ĲһֻһѪߣѪˮӿ۾Ĵģ֪ԼôɥȪˣҪ𣬿ϧЩû˽ˡ
ſǼӶЩʱգֻ޷Źӳɣұˡ
ٲͷˣҲûʲôˣֻҪɱҾУǻҪʳ֮ǰ°ӵ䡣
ǴҲ֪ڲԾˣͻȻЮ棬һ·ûµģϴôοԼһڣҪ
ϧȴᣬ͵ôӻͳһСذףذ׺ܾ£˱ʯǺͯߣǱذ״ϴʺ
û˻ǰˣ̼ȡϴҲûףԼСһȻͯɱҲһһɣڤڤоЩСڱҲ֪
¶Ŀɿڴ֮ķͽµϵѪ
Ŵ˸ʱ⸱龰ǽСͯ۾ᣬһż˵ӣǷͽĿʬ
žʱǸĴСһ㡣
оգ޴ӺܹһѱסֿЦ磬û¡֪ԼΪԼãԼһ档
ѡǰСèıӣֿЦè򡣡
£˲ˮСè⻰޵ĸˡ

С糡
ѡ˿ŵŮޣޡ
޿һֿۣ죬޵ĸˡ
ˣҪʲôҶ㡣
޿˵Ҫˡ
޵ҪСʹǵղأСʹǵۡ
ܵĴףȷʵûСT^T
ø޺ȣλ٣мղذ߻͵~


14 ѩ
ŵ˻͸ɽǹүһɽµš
ɽµƻͨ˼ҵ˺ռҵ˰ҰɽΧˮйͨǣŸ޵
˼ү͹˴үˣǣŮޣ˼үүһѱ˸ޣޣûİɣүүһӺÿ
ĵýǺÿˣˡ
˴үҲŸޣԼүүϸϸ˵ʲôǹ˼ү͹˼ҴүĿʱʱƳ
֪˵ʲôҲûü룬ոүһѱһ߲סͷºܸжԼ⹫ңҲܲΥů
ʶ룬ֻڵﻹʱǼ˵ĸоɡ
ǰƯΪ׽Ⱳӣļˣ۸ޣҲԼҪá
޺͹˼Ҹ˵һ·αΣͷȳ
˼Ҹид֪ҪĿڸϣǱ۵ģʹǸ⣬ԼŮԼŮⷬҲˡ
Ƕĺøֱѽ
Ŵ˻صҲ˵˵Լҵ˯ˡ
һ۸ޣĵһһܾ˰ɡ
޻ȥŵζѹˣˡ
Ϸ˿ŸСģֻûҲûˣһֱƶоٵǽй˴ࡣ
ĵսѽ
˼۸һ븣˵ձ㲻ȥѧˡ
ǼСޱ߳ԳԣС͹ˮģҡͷͼǸ£Ϊһʱ㲻ء
˴˿Сģʵֻ˾ÿɰããǸȥ
˼вӦ֮
صҲͬܵԼұοʣϷ˰ڻС
ֱŪͨ죬һӣ˿ҲЩȻ
֮һĥѣչҶԼҶŮ˻Ұ²
ʱҴҶ˴үĸԳɼҲѾ꽭ݱĿǲ٣ݱ˳ɽˮˣҲع㡣
ǿ֪˴үĿڼٸѧɱһѪ··ߵû˳Ȼǹ˴ֱ˵Ҵү˺ü
ϲʱ򣬹˼ҸǲۺϲǮǹ˼ѽˡ
ǹүǹ˴үʶһ̿ʼͥĻԭϦ֮䡣
ո޻ѾĲˡ
ү޻Ȼſԣ˻ҲǱˮнѽ
Ҳڿ⣬ԲʼոΣ£ռȻ˵ǹٻ֮ңͼ˾˲ṵ̂ī뽨ãԱΪ׼ġȻ̾
ָôӣн۾ʹë˸һƬÿļӰ
үô㡣
ʵ˼Һûɡ
ʱ˼鷿ҲһЩ̸
չ޻ٶЩأ˵Ҳûʲôֻһ֪ˡ
˼ұע⵽ٶǹ˼鲼иҵչ޻Щʱ˾ٶ
֪ԼҸࡣ
ǹ˼˱İһѣү˰Ѻ룺ȥ˽Ǹʲô˼
ͷֵҿرռҡ
үŹȥѰ
˯ͷԼˣѰĹ˴үЩȻ֮־Ҳ˼ҡ
Գ˵ã˼ҴүǴЦߵģҲδЦԼһ衣
û֪˵ʲôڶգ˼˽´չ޻СС֣˼ҿνֱˣ˼ҲӽգȥݣգƫƧλҲûŹ
˼һĽ飬޻ΪȣһΪϺޣɫ𪣬űͣȴ֮ȹ˼չ۾͸ǳ¾޻ڱůǿԵġ
û֪˼ΪͻȻ޻Ҳû֪ƽµķӿ
ռҲ֪˴£ǲûжԴ˶ʡ
һȥ˼Ҵ޻˾̾תۣӽˡ
ɫȻ˴˾䣺Ҫˡ
һǣ˼Ѿٴ޻ϱŨ֣ǵѧŨ߽ǲ֪Ϊ֮ŨԴڴˡ
붼ŨУɢȥȻĿʼѩ
ʼֻǾ̾ˣǾⳡѩºܾá
ѩһֱţһ죬죬ԽԽԽԽ֪ǾȻ˶Ϣһһ
Щ˿ʼˣٹٷ׷࣬ʵۼæ˼õȷǲõϢ
޻ʵ˴Ϸ޻֪ͻȻĽѩϷֵ޻٣֡
¾Ļˣдԣ˵޵ѩʾ
ʵԩѽӹλһֱսս˵ʲôҲǻˡ
ⳡѩǸѧӸϾÿѩ￼ɲ˭С
ѧӱͶ࣬ȻѧŵʵͳĹԡ
붼ܵ˴ѩ𶯣ʵ۾ȻǷԲһڡ
ݣӾ콵ѩңұ뵱֪˵˼ҽǡ޻ԸϾȥ
֪ʱǴϲѽѩ¾˰գۿԹǼʱѽ
һ£֪ҲйѽգԽ󲻸ҵ˼ˡ
ܿ죬ϱӵϢ˵˼һ޻ʵ۴ϲѽ˵Ĳ˵˼Һñʱͷ˼ҶĿҪʱǿͷ
ԣʵ۴ʱǿҪģȥڻҵͷҪ͹ˡ
֮ʵۺܿģæ޻⵱Ȼѵģƽ޻࣬˼ұʾһЩ޻ѵģޡ
ʵ۷ǳˣ޲ÿԸǰ
˼ҵ޻ԴԴϵ˵ǣⳡѩ˺ܾãҲ˵˹˼ҵĴ˾٣׷׸ǵС
˵еĵط֮Ϊ˼˱ǵĶ¡
ʵҲͣմ͹˼Ϊ̡
˼ǳ׳ˣĽǹ˼˺ãôʲô¶ù˼Ҹˡ
Щ˼Ҳ֪֪ҲֻЦһ°ɡ
ʱ˼ңǴϲѽ챻ϲˡ
̣ǹ˼ҾȻ˻̡
ѩͣ£ڹ˼ҵϲŸոտʼ
֪дġµһ̡ӡ
һ˳ӵүΪ˵нº
˴үǽĴ֣۾Щᡣ
Ҳ׬ӣ鿴ƱүҲ̫ˡ
Цһ
Ϊ˵赲֮䣬ı˴˥Ĺˣû롣
ⳡսУ˼Ӯȷⳡսʤߡ
˼ҷͷʤ붼Ҫ˼
͹˼ҹϵˣٲȻΪ˼ӡ
չ߶Ƶɿ̿顣

λСʹãշ^O^
ȻҪղϡ
ղض߷ǳҪϹ^O^


15 
ʮ꣬עһ֮˶һҲ˵˹ɽһ䣬Լظ̾ûһֱ䡣
ʵ۰̾ڱӣæϲ̵ȥλԳɵ۵һӹ
ҪΪǱ壬ôʢһλʵ۰ҵôڻķڼҵ
ʵֻҪܰѼҵغãЩ۶ܺЦȪ
ʵˬĴһʯԹ˼ҽ֮ͣǰֻʽϵģʵ˰ѺӣгӵĴͳΪԽǻԽߡ
ʵ۶̶Ｘ䣬̱ͷ룬Ҫˡ
˼գԶڽݵĹ˼ҽӵʥּͷԣһҲûѽ˼̫үվԱߵ֪֪Ҳһͬġ
֪үЦеù˼Ҵ˹ġ
ϸ룬ֻǹʥּ˼֮طΪٶϮ桱
˼ˣǼˣҲû뵽ʲô޷Ǿȥ̼֮Ļͥһȫˡ
˼ǵʲô
㳣겻ЦȴҪƴǡ
ͷ£޶ߵлʶ
֪ҲˣЩԼӳ֪ϻʹ͹˼ңû뵽ʹ˷ѵͽиϵ粻ϵ
֪죬Щ
ʱȥ˼죬ݣȵĻⲻүȢˣĸٱץˣ ЩΧ۵Ļ⣬ǹ˸Ŷڽٶ
Ĵ㣬һ߸а۵Ķü۷䣬ɣòĳۣǶʩ˵ʲôΧΧһȦˣῴǶʩֻ˵
ԭǶʩڹ˼Ұ﹤˿˵ǹ˼ҴүҿɼǽһţԭȾ͸ȥ˼ ·
Աһ˴ȤĪǱǹ˴ ˼ҿǳţûϣˡ
ʩ֣ˬʵ֣ﾴصǹ˹ƷҶԹ˼Ǹж 
ȴ˵ﻹһι ֣ǽݱˣΪ˰󣬸һײǮ˼ң˼ҵҲеСǮͬǩֻ˵ǩΪūƬ˼Ǻ֣Ǻܸмǵġ
ȵ֣˵㣬ѧһı£˵û׬ǮҲ㰲ĻƣΧ˶Χߣһ֣˳һ潭ݰհ׸¡
˼ˣҲ˳츻۽ҪԴΪٰ 
Χ˵ͷͬǿɲݳ˸ǱϱùãǲΪݰյұ
ûǻʥּ˵ˣ˽ܵ飬ںʩǿɲأǽݿһؤûء

ʱǰҶİˣܿ죬ֺֻǲ֮䣬Ȼֹת
˼ҳװ̼ݣΪԹ
˼Ҵүڿ˺ûϿÿն飬ֲ;ո˵ѾҪˡ
˴˿Թ๫üۼҸȴôҲƭˡ
ѹ˳hѾǸʮСˣּ̳˵ĳ࣬һèƵ۾죬ϻѲȥӤʡ
˳hѾǸССˣԼɼδ˵ķ绪
ڹ˳hѲѧ飬׽мӡ
Լ飬Ҳ֪ôŮչˡ
ҲֻܹΪԵ֡
ѾǸʮСˣ˳h΢Ӥʲͬȫȥ۵ӣһ˫˹ĿԴһƣŰΪ磬ʱҲẦܵܡ
ռѾӮ̫үϷ˵ϲ
ȻԲϤ˻һߣ߽ֻҪ룬Լˮ
ռټڹϵǳãҾ߶Լʹ޲ȥѧ˻ʱ档
ʱ´δɻ鹫С㶼Ի档
Ҳ뿪ʵΪ˵Ĺϵ볯꣬ϲҲûƶȣΪŰݡ
ǵĸԸԳԾԼ档
꣬˾ӪУڽݿȡ˾ˣȡ˵һԪ˿ûзɣΪҪϸǲμӻԣʱ䲻࣬Խ̿ˡ
סԺڣһСָ˴ɨС
㣬Ͼүգ͵
龰ûжСвСĲ
߽ңСţһᣬһ֮䣬΢ԡ
̲סϸ۾˿Ц⣬æ·ƿŽ롣
ңӶģǰŵۣԼԿϸϸë
ѾǸӴһɫۣԽĵ
СѾߵĵЦԵͷ˵ĲռүԼү
ëʣԼд֣ûǷȱ̧ͷ飬ʾ
æǰȥϸİүһԣѲǵ ߵλҲˮǴߣСԺͬ˱кü̫үΪԼ 
Ȼġ
ʰ󣬱վ
үµ˱µӯ
¶ǣһ
˱ʹڶʱҲЩ
ʱ»ˣڶ˵Ƕ˵Ӳʵõģһֱ£ǲɵӡ
ǰսɱʱǼһЩˣƫ㻹ôǰ볯˥ܿЩйصġ
˲Դǰǳѩֺ󣬹˼ҵȴҲûٵ
ȴ⣬˼ӣЩȻչʾ˿ʹռңҲ˶֪
ʮʱͿţΪ˿׼˿ҪϾġ
ߵǰ£ǣĿҲ⾩ǾҪӭһֹ⾰
Сǰչܼˣ˵̫үԸôš
ҿӣԼҪģϾȥ궼ǴӼ򡣡
˼һ£ЦҲãүүĻɡ
õ𸴱ˣҪȥʱԼүС˵أǸѾͷ˰ɡ
鲻̧ͷһ£ֻүϻЦ⣬ûж˳ȥ


16 
䣬ҹˮúϢΪ׼
ָ˸ɻС˽ոչ˸ǲ˵Ҫү
ͣ鼮Ķ
ҹȻֻһ£ͷɢţˡ
俹ǰһ˫ֽӹ俼ŵһЦ
Щ棬̧ͷȴֻ֣ס湪¡
򿪺ӣֻŵһֻңһֻ̬ϻЦΪ
 Ȼһ㣬ŵζ˿ƣȥ˲١
ﻹһֽ򿪿üչԭСѾͷСϷ
ֻֽдţݸ磬ʱһȥ
кЦȴҲ˺ģСѾͷ׼ʲôء
쵽ʱһʱ򿪴ӣδ⿴Ĳ壬ܵԺ
˼ԼľٶԼš
ҹɫݣ۰ηȥϼγ˸˵Ź¶İ
վԺУз紵һޣ¾ƮƮˡ
ҹɫǰ̫Σսҹ¶ھǾӰƾԸĸȥ󣬶ͬȻ
ɽȴͬŸտʼ࣬ǰѪеĹ¼źࡣ
ʱһֻ̣һɽͻȻѣһףʱ˶ҪϢıԵŴæµƣҹɫ綹ǻԽĵ֡
ԶգըѺͻȻ·뷢಻Ū
˶̻ը˰ݣŶĿ̻ʹΪĿ룬޷һĻǡ
ӿѪĻϲҪӻԾ
̻ʢţ˼տ֡
̻ǳټʹҲֻǰü
İдδ̻Ĵڣɼϡ
ȴϸ΢ЦйʼԣԽԽЦתСԺڣתؼ䣬·һ˿Ҳߡ
룬õ֮꣬
ϲСԺ˷Ҳڱ𴦣ԺҲֻһˡ
ⳡ̻˽ݣ·ʢĻ
ʹ̻Ѻ΢ʵҲһĻˡ
꣬Щ͵ǰҲûΣο˳ϵģ󻹳֣δš
޿̻ϵԸ һԸƽԸĸԸܵóԸ
ԸϣѾ߷°˯ȥǻЦݡ
ҹעǸͬҹ
¾ӣСԺ˿˿΢Ц˯ȥҪǰ˿ᾪ鶼ˣֻ˲գۣıƵЦү˲Цݡ
ڶ죬ʱЩԼǣ·𻹴Ц⣬ﻹǵξ
ţƽԼǣֱǸȻӡ
俽ţǸõӣүǰȷǽ
Լû֣йƣ͸еģߵȴƵףԭЩС˼ǰҲ¶֡
ϰԼжҲϱӴӾӰ죬ֻ£һԡ
ʱ죬һ䣺֣
£ЩȸԾ֪˭ڷ̻龰δ˶̸أǸݹƶ֪ء
Ҫòֶһ£ͷ俣£ʲôԣ
俵̻ү֣˶̸أ˭ôֱʡ
˼ƬЦ££̸ȥ̸ɡ
俿үЦݣȻ£û˵ʲôȥ
ȷʵݶ֪̻Գ֣ϸյȷռСүգҲѹˡ
ǳģ˭ô˼Ϊү 
ǽݵ̸ˡ
ǳﶹʩ֣̯ǰΧˣ֣Թ˼֪֮࣬˱ΪԽݸ¶֪֣Цϲ
ϲȻôˣܶ㡣
ҲˣҲиƽϣ⽭ݣд˵ֱʣռҹϵõģǲǹүŶԣǽٶˡ
˵ѽ֣ҲûҴء
˼ңϣһ˾һԷ˵˼ҼҴҵǸΪٶȴûôء
Ҫ̻Ϊ֪ģһг٣ǵȻֻ̻ƱҪѲ٣ֵˣﵱȻûʲôԹ֮ģðɣֻЩԴװˡ
˼ܵڣ˳ÿΣڹ˼ǰҲĺ꣬ϧĸ˫˼Ѱӿ 
˷Ϊ˼ǿ˫˫޳ѽ
ϯϡ
˼Ҵ˵ҪȥոˣhҪȥ𣿡
˳hȻҪȥݸ硣
˼ѾֲˣѾͷǰճ
ո
磬ݵĴԹˣϾⲻͬۼռ½Թ˼ҽϺ ҲɵȻ֪ػ
ҽõʱ һ ռҵеĻҪʢ󣬼ǳ𾪽ݵ̻ʢ ˶ںǺҲ
ոǰˮ ͺһǽȨ ͨͷ飬ǺˣҲ棬èצƵġ
°װ׳ ͷ¶౥Ķͷ۾Цվүߣɫȡ
ıû뵽ռүӭͣòᣬү˭ٰݴ󽫾һᣬ֣ء
ЩϵģֵĶУǴ˺ӣϽԼҺһҪãʹãҲǧܵѽǣΪЩģӵܷ׷ױʾģһعء
һˣףǲ֪𣬱ΪһװͲʶˣУǲԼүǼҿǳ͢ѽȻҲ 
Ǿ޸֮ңԹˣ͵ۻңЩʹϵģÿǶء
ݰԺԺԵռүվѣƽཻ飬ȱѿ佱κã͵Ժȴռүܾˣռˣסͷȴվ˵и  ΢Цʩһ
үҲϲ⣬ͷҼȷʵϸɣͲû˵ĺã䡣
Ժվʶ꣬ֻһ䣬ôͻȻ˸ˡ
ձڶ࣬ռүӶˣռҶүүҲԼҺſڡ
ʵռԼҲʹ̫үվֻһͯᣬûбҪ¡ء
ʱ̫үȴǰᵽݲңʱҲ顱
ռ̫үϻʱģȻǱȲڽݵ塣
ռҲûʲôˣûֱʮֻء
⣬˿ һŮ޸ڹ˴ߣɫַɫɴ£ͷϻŷɫϵһЦ۰ףƵɷϲˣԹ˴˿ڵ ĪǾС˵ˣԭôΣ ǸƯŮ Ҫ֪ҾͰҼɴҼҶɵϱãҼɸޣҿĺء
˳h˵Ļֻ΢Ц
˴ҲǸ Ͼ˿Ůûв˵ĵ 
˴죬֪Ц ֮ദ ûз 
ԼҸһۣǼģù ˱Ҫǡ
ûദȻ㿴˹ʩһ˰á
ſҲ翴˸ޣҲ˶Թ˴˵Ƿһ游Ｘ䣬ǰȥ
ˣ쿪 Ҳء ˴ԣͣͻȻ뷨
Цǽȥɡȴͷ˳h֪ΪΣ˳hһۿЩš
ĬĬߵ˹˳hߣһȥ˳hǰŵĬĬһӣͷ˵Ȼл˵
һĻҪкŮǰĹ˴˿У˼

ôô


17 
ｻҪʹϵģʵףģ϶ЦݣĳĶռҵأΪǣڶ๫עĿġ
Ժҿ⹫βԸ͵Ժ
վѣ֮ݣǲԸԺģǹض࣬ѧҪסԺأ
һʹļף˼֣ÿɲأǶô˵ǡ
վЦ֪ʲôĵġ
ѶԼĵ٩ʹˣҲˣʵʱ뵽ҷԸȥ͢¸ӣܻ˼ʱ
Ҳ˼֣̫֮λƽȣҲ㵣ǵ֪ҿᷢ
վδ֪ҹۼҲˣԽԼ뷨ˣˮѽҪˣҪɲס
ҲЩǣԲȤ˸ӣҹΪɲŵĸٻ·ǰ;δһ
վԭϣԼŮΨһѪƽɣ⼸ദȴ֪⺢һãˣֻǶӣֻܻ꣬Ҫ·Դ·ԸϽֻ㾡
һھơȥˣҿĸܶϤ£ⷬʶǲ
ⷬ˵վһЦ΢˼֣һòд˵Ͷ信ϯϲ˿ֹɣȵǸ绹Ҫã游ƽҲ
վ ҵȷʵж֣֮̿Ͻ˵Ĵûд߹ Ҫ񡣡
Ժҽֵˣֻһ棬ҪĻǿ̿ڷܣЩˣֲôƾźŬȻȡ˲׵ĳɼ 
Ϊʦ˵ֵߵøԶ ҲУҪжµı£Ȼһ˲֪
й֣ǿǰ;΢ʵĳһѣ룺ռҪһ˲õﰡ
ռҵļҲڳؽѾȡ˾ˣֻβǰĻͲȥˣ˸˵£ԼҪˡ
ͬڰԺ飬ŰĿǰѧ飬Ҳ΢ùƽ﹦Ҳڼӿⲻֻһ꣬ȴĽ׳ӽ˶
ӻ浣ɵܵܳԽԼûУҲ˿
һ£Եÿ˹ģ󲻰ֵĵܵܵ ŰҪϸǣһڼңһա Ǹӣû˼ʱܣŬＵʵأ±Ǳ츳ڷܵˡ
ŰͷͻȻ˵Եôȥˣ۸ɣУҪȥ
ֻܿɵܹܵȥ̾˿ܵ³çˣ͸ȥ
Թǽ͸һ֧磬ݰװ׾ֻһ˫۾ðа
竣һӳòˣڽ˵һ ýݵΪ硣
ļСȸμ ʵͶĻ ϾĻڱ˼ҵĶ һᵽŴĶ磬˵ҰݣԵòôˡ
 һǺ棬һҲ뿴ǲ˵һۿȥ ǸС ûʲô˵ ڶۣӴ ⲻͨĿѽ
Сȣƥ⣬ 磬㲻Ͷ۽첻ȥѵһҿ˹  ǰú 
ԶһСĹͷ õ˵𣬱ү 
˵űһȥƲƲ죬Сܸϡ
ʵеƣˣϾӦôˣϢһͷǰһƬӰ
ҿҲ ôҲұȻȻ 
бһۣ ֣ʾ߿Ҫ
ԶȴЦ ôǲǲ ǲԹӡ
ĸҲųЦ
˼һ ȻЩŸҽѵ ǰװ׷һ⡣
ڸԹһ񣺡ԹӵôȻ
ԹӿӦԣתһȦ
 ˵ȽϺãҽ첻ȶ Ҹô
Ǹռֵܾ⻰ŰֱӳȥҪҪˣ竣ҪСү
ؼܵܿڣûпѵ⣬ռ˿ɲ˭۸۸ġ
ռҶܹռҲ
ԶһŰСС㽡˶ģռСӿţȣѵܴ𣿻ˡ
ҲңһڹȹЦ
ô һС ôҸıء
ԶС䣬ҲȱģҲұȻһ£
һۣŰǰ˵صѵŰ޺޵ķ֡
һۣûʲô˵ģǰɱ˵˭Ҫǰʴͱɱֵ㵽ֹıԻͦ档
ԣҪȥԺ Ӧ
ԶȻæӦˣȻҪǰһѿ ҪԲкùӳ 
ԺСҲ 
ЪϢһ£ԸղڵλúƫƧ˿Ҳǵˣ֣˲ûʲôע 
Ժռֵ˸ϣǰͲù
˳hߣߵЩ̫飬˼ˣæ˵ȥ¡
˴Ҳ֪ŮƢԣͷˡ
СЦŵղҾͰˣٹȥԺˣʲô鷳
˳hһ۱ЦۿɼѾͷͻȤҡ
ô˵ţȴ˺Ժո 
ںԺ˿мԹӣûаַԹȳ Ҫһɫơ
ǰϵʹûпÿ书ÿյĶӲ١
Ͼǰɳģ1ǹ͵ľû취 ԸӵܻǴ´ 
ʽɼ䣬ԹӵĻȭȱ㲻ˣֵһоͰƷԹӵֱԹæĵҿңɿ
һԱ㱻⧲Ľˡ
Թ౻ץ۵󲻽ЩԾ ͱ ôô 
Ըķ 
ԹӿЦ˵ вġ С˾ ֿݰ
˳hʱ򣬱Ѿˡ
ȻûпôֵģҲ֪ݸÿ䣬ѧ׺
˳hܹȥóһݸ
һ ԼΪСܹ˵ģĶͷϸСĺ飬Ө͸ȻĽӹ˳h˲ͷ
˳hһ£ղ̫ܵˣݸ磬û°ɡ 룬СᵽɲһΪСܰ
˳hİɼһҲʼǱǶ˵̬ӽ ദܸܵ¶Ĺġ
ԹӲ ִǰǰŮޣٶҵĹ ˳h˴ɡ
˳hĸƲ ݸƷûһøС
ԹӼǰƯŮˣ˵ҵ͸ҼҾġ
˳hЩ棺ʲôģ
ԹӿǰŮˣЩƮƮȻǼʳġ˵ŰȻ ʳ󶼳Ҽ 
˳¿޵ѽ
Թαǫ
˳hԹЩɵģĪݸ˵ĵҵɵӡ
û뵽˼ҹԹĿ
ȿ̸ Ȼ˳hûжԹκԴ֪ΪΣЩ˳

СŮǣһŬµġôôౡ
ղҵ˶ƵСŮ䡣


18 ׼
ԶԹѾһԵţȻǸ ǲ֪ôҲˣղҲҪ ɲֻˡ
׻˵һǵһǣ㱻ˣ˵ɣܵԶɣԹƫƫȱǵñ˳š
ǿģ˹Ŀ㣬˿ûиղųʱĺС䣬ʽһʤľĻǹƣǧѵ
ĺëӽҪȵľģΪɶܳΪ̣ԼҾŴĺƤ
δĺ͹˳˵껰󣬱㿪ʼˡ
һ£ҾǽԼҾŴԶ
Ĭһ£ŶǸ⣬˵оŴĶ磬ٿޣ·˵㿴ǲ⡣
޿һԹӣ˸ͷ
θ̣ɫƽŶ
ԶһţѾ˵ˣ˲ӦʽûռҼҴҵ󣬵ֻһµС
СʾǺǡ
Թӿһ֪㣬ԹӴӼ̳˳µı죬㲻ңҿȥεЦΡ
ȶżδҲЩΣæԼϴ˵ٺ٣ϴأء
Ҹʲô׼ѵ
˵УЦбʾأǼ࣬Ŷ˵
Զ˵ҪϾϿ絽ʱһ𡣡
һ˵㣬ҲҪϾϿ𣿡ȻƽﲻôҲ˵ԶΪ˱ʾɡ
Զ·ûΪȻǰҵǮȥ
ֱͦ壬ɡ
֪⾩Ƿָŵȣ־ǵһȣȣȨ֮ҵĵӶ־ЩԿģܵģ˺޵ĶǽģҲЩΪƴǰ̽ˣȨҲܳ谮ӱǡǹѫһģǰʶһ㣬ڴԼѾ˽
ԼȻЩͷϾԹõҲ˽֮һҡ
ԺҪ£ǰļ򣬵ֻҪƴǽ鱦߹ٺ»赣ǡ
ʲôˣϱӱ㱻ǰдЩ˺ҵĹټӵܣڽ۸иãҲΪͬ
ԶԼĻԼɢһҲƺǸĪĺ⣬ɸоĺͻȻС¸󣬳˻ƣļҲƲܽɴС֪ԭԼĹӵǵ
ָоͻȻԣһ֣˵һģΪԼҡһ̣ϣŹ⣬·Ϊһеˣǵʲô
ǣٺ٣һϾһֱǸƤЦӡ
ԡ
ԶԼҪƮˣѾ׳ΪϴԼҾŴСŽҲˣʽΪϴ
Զڰֵˣҵ ϵûүֱҪΪԼҶӳˣҪ֪ѣζҪЦѡ
ռŮ׾پͻˣԸ˶Цӭƫǽܼ˲ٴɫôޡ
ҧݣҵ 
ͤŽߺ޵ӣЦЦʲôͤ
ͤ¶һӳЦôҵĺý㣬ղװˣƽ㲻һ𣿡
źһ壬ҲҪ𣿱ˣ治ֻǸӡǲܳӡ
ͤһԽŤˣӣӣݸ衣
ǿջЦݣ˻ƵԣӣǸʲôƾʲôҪѹһͷ
üʲôð취
ͤҵĺý㣬ߴߴ磬ǲҪʹ
˵Ŀ⿴Աߣ˵Ĺ˳h˳Ŀ⿴ȥҲ˹˳h 
۾ۣĿǼᶨʲô취ٶС㣬Ըɲס
ͤ۾죬˭˵ҪԸҿҪԴˣ˵˼һ᲻ᱨҡ˵㿴һ˵Ťͷˡ
ŸĲġ
Ժڣ磬˳h˵
ҲֲԹ˳hʲô飬ԼðɣûйãӾʱһüˣȻ˰ѹүһ٣ԭǹүС檣үפس˸Цһգù˺üż޳ȥóʱûôޣĸ絽ǿ޵ϡﻩġ
˵СúĸҰСӹϵ׽ˣԴס
һ룬ⲻһ빴ޣͲζ뵽ˣļֱҪڴ׸Ƶġ
˳h֪濴һˣЩʲô
˳hקקӣϲ 
ķ˵ Һϲûбõ ˳hСС촽
  ϣÿһ 㶼ġ
ԭܾ㲻֣֮⣬ʲôֵǣҡ
ûϵ˳Խ˵һЩ죬ϸǰŮޣƤ۾һ˫峺ĿԼԼЦţЦĸˡ
˳hˣ΢Ц̫ҪҫۣĶůůģָо·ʲô޵ȥݣԾȥ
ͣЦӻóһʽµĺӣѺӴóһӨ͸ģˮݸ˸ޡ
͸ľм䣬֣˳hԾĿһ£ԭֺ
ʽȽϱмǺɫȻγɵɫͷľӨ͸һϡ棬ѵ⴮Ȼӣˮ糺ˣϸһ£һۿ⸱鴮˳h䡣
ҵˣ͸ġ
˳´ˮݸ磬᲻̫ˡ
赭д𡣡
˳hģݸԼӦȻԼҲûʲô֪Լ˵ݸһ쵽мۣҲ֪鴮ֵǣ˴һˮӣǰ껨Ǯ͸˷˵ﰮ֡
ܰ뵽õ͵ߡ
ͻȻݸ磬ãôûҳ軵 
Ц˵ͷҵãã˭ã
˳hűԼһͷԼ˵ݸ磬ҲЦһ¡
۾ǰƤ𪣬ƯŮޣЩΪʲôǸ²Լü˵ˣΪһ뵽hҪˣһ
hԺܲ𣿡
˳hԾſС죬ݸ磬磬Ϊʲô˵
Ǹղˣ¶ôƯв޵ĵʱ磬ϸΪѡǲ۵۸hö˵˾ǡ
˳µգѸ糺֪Ϊʲô˸˵ףҲǣݸҲǣСĿүү̵ҪܹЯͷˣôõġ

쳬ģллСʹǵղ顣
ڿˣ֮ǰгɼˣȻ󿼵ľȻǳãȫУһ֡Ц
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19 
ݸҵ˵ҪϿǹ˼ҲҪȥлأʱһȥɡ
áѫhһǷĲˣ˼һ£ԼǶõĹİɡ
˳h˲俪Цæɫվ
ˣ磬лл͵Ĵ飬ҺϲڳˣҪˡ
ʵ˳hǿڸԼ֪Ҫˣæ
˳hȹӣСųԺ
ܵСӰһֻС¹һǰڱ߹شûмּС飬ֻĻɳݳɰѹͷޣûм޺СݾֺһֱС¹˺ȴˣ¹õռ仹ɭ֣ιҲֻĥ
˳hʱУͷһ£ڿЦüΪã˻֣Ҳ֡
ﲻţháϣһֱôã֪뱣hҪȨҪϸߵλãܱ뱣ˡ
û̫ģǸ˽ˣĸΪƣȴǸ֡Ҳֻл˲ܻøȻȥ˰ɡǰΪйҲΣǸһû뵽ȴһƵ³
վԺ˼һᣬʱĵСܹż˵ү̫үء
¶΢Цүүھ͹ȥǲαװף΢Ц˹񣬷·ӡȴҲȷʵʤ
俸ں棬˵ү㲻֪ҸոԺԺڸ̫үءδԹ˵š
֪үҪǷѽǾߵġ
иɻЦϣЩͶмӡʱʱѵԼҶӣ˼С˼ұ㻹֪أ
ţˣջ˽ϲϿɣҲõЩӵܵĵĵӡ
֪ϡ
ҹãǹ̫ү͹ϷסԺӣϷ˱ҲҪסԺӣֻڹˣϷҲûǿҪ
·һεԺ˵СүҪע尡̫үء
ͷֱ˽ȥҲǰϰߣСĽҲġ
ƹ磬̫үڿʲôݲûдţǵȵվŲŷ˸ˡվǰһ˲ţĿͦεԭϵݶиˣüëչ
˾ھˣʱȥס˾Ǳ߰ɡôҲǸ̲飬Ժӻǿģ˾˼һһŮҲȽϼ򵥣סҷġ
۰游Ǿأǲ֪ôģҲΪ֮ףŸϧ
ϣ·ȴϣƽƽԼ˰ɡƽǵһ£ʱɱõŷɥվȻҲָܣ۾ϡỨ
ﾲĬֻ־Ĭ˴˶ԸƣǾܡ
Щ꣬ǰ̷·ʦͨһռѪڰɣѪԵô֡
Ĭпˣүү㱣֤һƽƽ
վοǰĺӣҲǺӣˣĽӿòѪֻϳɱʱк졣
㣬̫ˣ֪ߵøԶֻһ仰ϣסҪù١
վڣռ̫үүҵϲһɽԻܲǰƵĻȥΪܣ뿪ʵ۽Ҹ˶
˵仰㲻ù٣㣬ʱ򵱸ùҲǱԼһַʽ
վͰ֪𣿡
ǵһ˵˵ʹΪΪǸù٣Զӷġ
վͷͻȻվվӣҪˡ
идȽ߾ȫ
˳źҹĶǾǵķ룬ٵȵȰɣҪˣǰĵˡ
ڣվ󣬱˼ʵմϳһЩճ⣬ᵽ˻ü³͢Ļӱ㵽̲ռҴ̲ɣҲռҪ㡣
ʱűƿˣٲ˽ٲ뱲ӣûʲôܻġ
ٲҹɫˣүϢ
վ̾˿ͻȻʣ٣ô
ٲζүʳĻ˼¿ڵǱԨ
˼˵ᣬܰɾ죬Ǳ
˼ˣվݳչˣ¶΢Ц·ͷĴһ㡣
Ҳգж︣
ڶա
˳hһͽӵѾĻ㣬һ־µֽӾǱڽݷУʱͨš
˳h˵Ĵ򿪣ԭԼȥͻ
ռС㣬УҶϡ£˼ֲ֡
˳hռŽȥһǹ˼ҵС㣬֪ѰСȥ
˳hѾԶˣһͻȻС㲻Ǹ̫̫𡣡
һҸһۣ˹˴Сүѽ
ίңҷ˭ء
Ǳ߹˳hѾҹõĺ棬˵ǵĵͤ
Ҫһţ˳h֣ȴҲû룬ţһƬɻغлҲûʲôΣա
ţ˳hͻȻýµЩһʲôģҪϸͻȻŶһˣԼǸѾߣֻЩ
Ѿ߶ණ׼·ѾԭߵС˳hСʩһ񣬶˳hԶʱȴͻȻӿٶȣѾ߶һӺݺײ
˳hǻû뵽ŵ׾Ȼ򻬣ת֮䣬˳hˮˣһ Ȼ뵽ǻø粻ῴҵɻĳӡ
뵽磬±ӡ
֮䣬ֻĵľǶڰϲ 
ͤ׼ж·ͻȻһˣһţͤߵԶԶġ
±ºˮȴ˿ûע⵽˳hʱʶûиȥ
Ϊͻ״۾ˮҲǺˮɻ࣬˳h˶ġ
ҪԼˣʹסӣԼ̫ˣݺݿڵ죬ޡ
˳hίͰ͵ᣬҳ
ֻڷֱҪһСǫh
ֱ룬Ҫǽ糿h͸ҲʱңʱſռҸţ˵hˡ
֪һһһǲǾҲˡ
ֲܿƵĲȻȴûйܡ
Ĺ˳hҲܵĲҭһԹԷڻ
ͷһۣԼԼϸûǺˮ
ͿŲ֪롣
ǳСȥ·
ᣬæֻǹ˳hԼ̫ţģû
ɴһѱ˳h·ڵʹֱͤʱһ¡
òҪҲ鵽йء
͸¶ĺͤ͵Ӻݺݵزһ£֪˵ģŹԼġ
ֻôû֤ݣô¶ɫ


20 ͷ
˳hԹԵķĻܸе˵ˮ⻹еĸжûüϸϸᡣ
Ѿҹƫһۣɫ࣬µˮѹ͵Ŀ¡Ա߱Ͻ·ԼС㻻ϡ
С㣬ɼˣû°ɡ
˳hССĴ˸磺û£ֻݸӡ
·ԼϽҲݸȥ·
˸ĵСѽүɫûҿɲ
˳h뵽ԼɫҲ˸æ˵С㣬ǲˣڲ·ء
˳h˼ֻһ棬ѽ
ָо֣µôһԭɴ˲ŸĸжС󣬵һг˸ĸô
ȷŷŰɣ˳h˼»иҪ£ͱ˼ƽϣǰ˶ƵͷˣҪǻôǵĹ˳hصġ
֣ҵճȥˣȥǲ˰ҵйҪ˴ʲô⡣
һߣ򵥻·Ҳռң˼ҵ˹
ʱѾ߹hײһ͵ͤ˭ڱŹġ
ǱˣҪһ
ܿ죬ռҺ͹˼µˡ
˴˺͹˴үǳԼǧıŮȻƵˮ
˵ǹģ˭̣˴ŭڡ
á
վΪڸѺ⳩ģôϢ
ݻһ£ٵ˰ɣȻй£ҲӦɡ
˵⻰ʱһǱɫЩ׵ͤ
վһԼûʲôϸ࣬ȥ˻а

һᣬռүˡ
أ󻧣ΪΣͨŮûеӢֻûʲô飬Ųýӽ
İû۾ģŸ󣬵ͷ
ռҺ͹˼ҵ˶ˡ
ڣ˴˿űŮʹ
һ۹˳hת游һ񣬵Ѿ߸Ѻ
ӰǸײ˳hѾѺѾ߳мɫֻǱıӴ
ʲô֣ĸź򡣡
Ѿߵūǳд𡣡
Ѿ߿治ǹײŹ˴СģֻӶ̣ĲƽŶûߣūʵû尡
һҶոģոûпһ˵ֻ֪Ҫϣ˵Լû˭Ҳκβ
ȻǳģԵн·ߣҪһȦҹԶء
ѾתǶС㣬ҪŶġԣû˵һȫƵСͷϣС˴Сġ
ڵ˾һС
ڹ˳hߵıǹҼСײãôôɣϵ˶ˡ
˳hͻȻСӨӨģͣ˹ҡ
յ˻㣬˵ԽͺɣŸ¹꣬ͻʱڣˣ˭֪ͲڣѾ߷ˣײ
վʵӶոˣ˵ٻոҲɶ۸ 
۲һǸѾߣռȻǴӳģտȥ˱ĵط
Ѿοͤͤѹҧӽճ˳ҹˡ
ǰʱ˵ȥʲôطʲôϵ
㱣֤û𣿡
ӳүԩˣ˵ʵѽ
ͻȻǿɷôҿЬΪλԺڵĵࡣĵһ״ĵɫ࣬ɫƯ۸쳣˸ֻ
ռֻаﰮͤҲвɫࡣ
ʧɫͤҧҲ֪δմϵġʱԶԶûǹš
ʼţĴѲӣ벻ΪʲôЬĵ࣬ûȥ
վӣŭʵ˵
Ҫ㷢˲֪ء
̱ڵϣ³ڣǣͤүҪôģ˵Ժҵ
ռүŭѾϹʲô
ʱ۾ӺˣҶʲôԨԴοҶѶ ôʲôǣ
۰ֿܱͤﶼռˣĴһᱻϳȥġ
Цһӱ΢ȴûм١
˵ͳ壬ҳͤүע⣬ͤүõġ
Ʊ֪͵ġ
ҡ
ռү˿Ĭǵͤô˵
ͤʱ̧ͷõˣһӿ游ĵй˳hͶŭĿӵĹ˼ˡ
Цԣģôƹ˳hˮҲǹǣõһʱȥ
үʹĵͼʲô
ͤЦ˳ͼʲôȻϣ˼ǧС㣬ٶǧȢʲô
ԽЦԽŤʱǰһȭͤѪ㲻Ǹøûɵ£ˡ
վʱӣˣ֪ڸĵĴռôˣȡҵĹ
ʱֱڵأ޷ɢңû˸սŵĶ˷ 򳰷Ц
үҲŵͤģҿɾôһӡӺ֪ģȥûˡ
˴ЦҼҲôһŮѽ
˴үҲɫѿ
վĲύ̣ռҲҪֺݶ֮
ȥ˹ӣֵ֪Ŀ£ǲġ
涣˵ӣʲôҲ˵˵ʵҲˡ
վŹӣȷһһġ
Թ˴ү͹˴˵ռҹܼҲϣ̳ôֳݶļһҽޣ˼һ 
˴ү̾˿ګhûʲô¡
վڹ˳hһߣ˳h͵͵ĿϿʲô顣
µ 
վĺݣͤһŲУȥѽжвˣ˻ߣͤҵͤ
ԼôһʮϵѾιȥˣ˳hͻȻүүûʲôˣҿѾõͷˡ
˳hôȷŹ˺ˣ֪ˮһж຦£û磬Ļᱻ˵óҲһ˵ԼҵһԼ޸ġ
ֻһٺݺ𷣱ΪѾµ£Ǿʹشˡ
οչн飬үүΪѣүүȻƽ༫ˣǶСǲ ǲ
˴үҲȰˣѾõͷˡ
үæǰͤɣӱ
վ֣ͣмҷ̫үүսռݼҵԶ¼ҹ棬ռûǺݶ
ȥʰ㶫ȥռҼúñռҵļҹ 
ԾȻ˹ȥžһүæҡ
ͤȥѳɶ֣Ϊɶһ㺦أһʵ࣬ͤһүȥǻ
ȥζŷһĸ˵ǸСĳͽ䡣
ͤΪ¸˴ۡ
˳hôݸ翪
ԴӷǼ£ʱӺãʱֺܸӡ
֪ôźãˮҰ
ÿÿףʱ˼죬ҪϿˡ
չҴһͬȥһ

Сʹղһ°ԺÿϾŵŶ»˵ģллÿһλСʹ֧ ϡ


21 
½ݺӱһȻߵİﲻǰΧۣҲ˵ˣٶռһȥǵӡ
Ƕ뿴ٶǧԼЩڽʲôӡȥøԼ޶˵ҵǺٶҵǧСүкģ
Ȼ˳ѵһԼСӣ㿴ûһСүӣ˿֪콭ݺͯĳ޺öꡣ
ڰߵġչ˿ɲ֪ЩʲôҲֻǾýݵİÿ͡ϸϸȷǰȹõ¡
ҪȥԴǸ̶Ѩǡ
ռˣֻռҶȥǡվ̫̫ԼռǰУռҵĻҵҲһУ˼ҵȫҳ̫ү̫̫й˳hĵܹܵԶҪһͬȥ
˳hںĺýãԼ˪ϪһֱھΣȻ¼޹أǱϾռҹʧʹ˳hˮ˿̵֪ԼҪȥǣҲ֪ǺʱˡѾʮˣĸ˵ϾҪ¡
˳h㣬һҪúõģһдŵġ
Լ˿ûн٣ģֻ뵽һ֪ʱټŹ˳h֣ᡣ
˪Ϊ΢ЦĿŹ˳hء
˳hͷϣԼҽöƽƽ
ϪҲhҪȥлǺأҵĽĲ˰Ϫ֪ڽѾ˶ʮ֪ûһΣζؾˡ
һԾĿŹ˳h漸û˵ƽĽ棬˼ʲôֺڵȴĳˡ
˳hߵԱߣһ˴֪ݸǲ
Ȼ˳hֻǺˣԹ˳h̫ںⲻ˵Ķõں
˳hˮһ̣µֶԼһԼҪúøףԫhĸ顣
ؿǱߣ˳hûڲϵĳ֣ݰҲʹ֡
ٶǵûѽǽ˶ء
˳hүү̣һУҲ̾˿
ͷǻİɣ
ᣬһᡣݿǵĸ
ŴǰУģˣϵҲΪһӰӡǾҪʻδ֪ԶƹܣȴΪд˭Ҳ֪һ˾дǣˡ

ϣ˳hȥϵĹ˴˿ŮıӰͻȻڿĹ˴үţǼҫhҲСˣѰ˼ǲǴҸ׼ҡ
ڴϣ͵Ծɶh׼ңҲͬ⡣
hСء
˴ŭһԼ๫㵱Ҳ۫hֻŮӺӲͬ˱Ҫ׼㿴ǽã޴˻ٵľһ
˴˵ˣ๫檣֪Ӷôأ˺ˡ
ŲӵҲŮôˡ
˴˺һֻۣƣ¹Ҳ١
˴˺һѽľǲϸ
ԼҷģæܹȥԼҷˡ
ǣ˭ȢˣۼҶŮľ͹ˡ
Լҷˣ˴˰ͷԼ๫ѽⱲûʲôģôһ๫ôһ˫ŮѾ֪ˡ
˴Ƶô
ʲôôָʲôȻǸĺúӣⱲӰͷһμôĺأʱճɾͲ
˴Լ๫ôߵۣЦһ£ͻȻֱӴԼ๫һ£Ůô
˵û£ԼҷҲϸϸ˼ʹŮŮҪˡ
޸֪ǳģ޸ԼϤġ
ǹ˼ҶԼأӡ
Ȣ˫hһƷŵùýŮʱԻؼҲȥ
ȻЩģŮȻûҪҵСǵˣŮǷĵġ
ҾòŮϡ
˴˵ʲôѽŮǺã˼ѽҿǶõĸ顣
֮ԱǣҿͷСѾˣŮɾԲǶô򵥡
ûϴۼҹˮϵɫҿŶľ
˽˵˼˴˾Լ๫˵ҲŮи顣
˴̽˵ǡ
ӻ֣ǾͲԤˣദʱء
ֻҪȢŮûôס
˴ҲǣŮԼ·ҪߣĻǲҪ̫ˡ
һ߹˳hҲҵڴ档
ˣ֪ڿЩʲô
˳hĴӽһ˭ݸ춼ԼԴء
ݸʱȴͻȻͷѹ˳hŵһ
һεԲͬ
˳hͷӡ
һ£Сְװ۵ģָУָϷ۷۵ɫССģ˼ֱҧһڡ
Ź˳h紵ͷһ˫۾ģӳĵӰ˵ڵĻȴ֪Ϊ˵ˡ
īhСôĵ
ͻȻ粻ĸˣô죿
Сﲻ˼Ļص㱾Ҳ׸簡ǻѰ
޷ڣǰսңʹŷɥôСȴˣˡ
˵Ҳĸ磬һ뵱๫
֪Լԫhĸ鲻ֻǸô򵥣ʧȥֻδһ죬ôˣѫhӵڻʹ̡
«hĵطԿ࣬ᡣ˵һֶôİĸܰ˳h๫һһĳ
Сﰡ̫СǸʱԼٵȵȰɣһֱߣû˿һһʲôŮ֮鰮
ͨ£ԼôҲˣԫhĸ鷢˲һı仯һй˳hȻ֪ĳ谮
ʻţ뾩ǣͲ̫Զǵ˾ǡ

ɰСʹղһӴ



22 
뽭ݲֻͬҪţ˳ӡ
˼Ȼǳ͢ײٶϾûأǲ̤ʵҲʹȨǳǡҲʵʵ˳ӡ
˳h⿴һŸֱӲŶ룬ҲȻʺãȻûˡ
ù˳h۴ĺϷԼ򵥣ƫƧݵĹҲûôࡣ
곤ÿ㼫ˣһ˫ԼǷڿͷһһСŮһ£תͷȥˡ
˳hҲǸ꣬ƲͬˣӢΣԶûԼôÿ
⿴ȥƷĿЩȻҲûһżˣԼĪòģϴƯ·֪Ǵġ
ϲֻҲ֪ڲǺʱתȥĵط
²ʲôʱߵҲ֪
֪һżסߣһ˸ߵż⿴
hϲ鲻Խǰ
˳hżգգ۾ǣҵġ
һۣ˵żӴݸȻŤͷߡ
ЩɬģŮĶ˵Щİų⣬൱С
˳hıӰŤͷֿԼżܾúʲôһˡ
ռҴ̲ɣ͢ƷأĸۡھǴĵط䬽֡
˳hǱ׷ٶǣסĶʼЩݣǲ̫ӵˡ
ȣӵܱȽ϶ģȽϼǮƣʼմ 
붫ȣĹ塣
ЩӣΪǴ³
˵ʹ͸ٶٶ˼ǰȻ̻̻Щסһء
˿̼ٶ˽룬Щµıۡ
ǹ˼һЩأ˾Ȼôÿ·ôˣڿء
˳hҲЩ档
һ˵ٶȻ˼ªȻ˾ǲ֪񡣡
һ˵֣ǲ¹ӽˣôء
԰Ȼ̧ͷǣеϾǿɲлʼѪͳġǻʵ۵ĶүӣлѪͳүүǿʵ۵ĸ硣
ÿ˳hû仰Ȼ϶Ҫ˵Ǵ뿪ʵԼֵصģ˵Ҳֵصء
һ˼˿ԼҸۡӴѽǻʵʹ͵ 
һԼſΧôˣΪףǨأǸȥкϾԺҲھ
ȴû뵽Щ˿߽Ȼ߿ 
˼һͷԣҲԹǣϾڽҲһģ˵λţٶѽ 뵽Щ 
˼үүǰĸۡٶƽĴ֣ԱߵĹһµͷӣ㿴ɶأ
˼үүȥ˵ûɶ
һ˽ԺӣܴۡסһҴ´࣬Ժ֮⻹мСԺ
˴ЯŹԺӣ־ԶѾˣԼһԺӡ˴ûɶõĵģ˴˼ԼҶ̫Ƥˣġ
˳hҲԼһԺӣΪ¾ӡ
ڹ˼̫ү̫̫Ȼסݣ˴үסСԺ
һ˾Է㿴һӣͻȻЩи˵ˣ˼ҵԺҪǡ
ô˵æ˵㻹أҪhˣԶȢء
˳hҲүүһҲϡ
˳h࣬·˵һޱʵ£ҲԼŮЦˡ
ֻﱲ۵Ĳǹ˼ҵĵԶǹ˳h
ԱߵĹҲбһۣͷӣ֪֪ģôľ͹ˣѽ۹˼ʱء
ͷڣɶûѽ
ϣձȥߵлʶʵ۸ǹ˼ôĶ٣ǿɲܲǶ
İɣǵȻģѽء
ǹ˼ǿϲн죬üš
ҿѽﲻһᣬҺôϤϤԺϾھסˣǽǱϾǵĸһֵĻҲҪתƵΣ
ͷǵȻһ˱ôˡ
˴ͻȻһԼҶӣȻˣȻǳƤڻ֪ڼѧû˾Ǳķѽ
˴˵۾ҲԺԶ͵Ժȥ顣
㿴Ź˼һΨһŮģǹ˼ҵˣǵö֪ԺٶҪԶġ
˵״ԪܿڣٴļҵҲסФĻƣĪ˵ٶͨ˼ͥҲһڽӿɲ١
ȻŰŰɡ
ϣҸԻݣ˳h¾ӡ
˳hڱķ£ϴһڴϣϷŵģ͸Ĳޣ޼ֱ֣߹׼ԼСӷ£㿴ԼСڰǸޡ
СôϲѽǲΪү͸أ
˳hıӣŲأҲȤСˡ
æС㣬ﵱȻˡһᣬԼСӷ±ȥˡ
˳hǸޣһǸްȥͻȻѲ޷Լ߱ţ硣

ƤƼһר¡
ԤգϲղһӴõһֻڷܵߡ
ִСʦ͡Ҫɡ


23 ʵ
ڶչ˼ұݼϣ˵۳Ͷ٣ЪϢѾҪλĻʵۡ
ǵϽź󣬻ʵ۶ǱȲҪĹ˼˺棬Ǵּ⣬Ҫ˼һ˶ǰȥݼ
Īңһ˵ʵֻټˣһҶټģ˵ʹ͡
ȥдٵмң˵ʵۿֻһʱѪȷʵ˺ö˵
Ǿ˼鶯˼ˣýðߣ˼һӽǵĹѾҪݱˡ
ҲǣߵĶǻʵ۲ӣٲӪ㣬ǻл·˵մ״ʿû취ʵǣڶҪǽģۡ
˳hʹԼǸż߳ţҪټȫҵĻʵۺкøС
ƵĹ˳hĵܹܵԶڹ˴˵
㿴һ˴룬˵ͷԸˡ
ʹбȽԶģ˲Զ·Զ⿴˴ҲֹЦŶŮ˵ۼҰᣬھҲûʶˣкϵ۵Ķദദ
˳hͷֵ⣬ҿȥ
˴룬ҵɵŮû޶ôճҪǼ˸ˣ˴ЩԴס
˼һ˵ʹڻʹǲġ
˵Ȼû飬ֻʱ򣬹˼̿ΡĻʹźȻһ£ԱߵĹһ¡
̵ۼңҪȥ
ͷ̾ԼЩ߲·ּһӻûءʵֹǸƶ˼ҵĺӣ˼ҺʱҲͻȻҪˣ˭˭š
ⲻǼˡʵҲܼԼӵֶѹˣ˦
ֻǹ㻹棬ϻǳȵģǹ㣬˼˵ﶼ͡࿴һۣ˴˻ϵ򶨡
ڹΪ·Ĺ˼ģﲻûбģù˼йɹ˶ûе̹ϣֲүүСĶԴأүүǻߺϺϲ˼Ұ 밡 ӡͲ
٣˵˼һҶϲСŮӲ󣬳ͦϲƯŮСӶСѾͷ϶ȲƵˣǲ֪ģСǾϲ
գգô룬ЦԽʵ˼֡
жӼߡ˵һ˦ǰ·
˳h룺ǹǲǶЦ¡
˳hûϣԼҵͷ˳hŻʹԵͷ
ǻʹ䱸ɭϣ˳hʾԼЩţ岽һټԷǵĽŲˣʼƾˡ
˼һСĴǰţҪµʱͻȻ߹ˣΪ׵·ˣһҲΪɣƲͬˡ
˵˵ЦЦһɫĸ磬ʶãǶѽЩʡ
һ͵˿еĸʲ㵽𣿡
Цôһֻ֥СĹ٣滹λѹأŹˣĸֲǲ֪
ҵԸȥ̲ء
ZܾܵԶ֪㣬Ҫȥ󸸻ʸһλӣ˵ˣĶȥ
ܸɾʹҵƿһԼˣĴģֻỵ¡
ҲĻæͣʾȹ
Ǽ߽ȳĿŹ˼ˣС˭ҵģôôû
СЦµĻٶһңǰлģټ
ǺĿǵٶǰŲһ
ʵ֪ٶһ˭Īֺĸ˵ǲݰ 
۾ͻȻڿһƯŮޣۣ۾ģΪɰЩԽĵÿɰˡ
Щǳжǧ𣬳û˵ǲĸ硣ø첲һĸ 
ĻӴ˿̲Űת˼һˣ֪ܵܲͬٶһ˭ٶһˣҲʹ͸ǡ
۱ĵܵ٩Ůƾ˵ȷ뾩ŮúܲһΣҪɰҵˡ
Թ˼ȱȱֻһº֪񣬴˿ܣ٬
νĵˣ˵һ
Сλ£ϻټء
˵ðɺðɣ߰ɡ
˼ת뿪ͻȻµȵȣǸѾͷʲô֡
˳hŲһ£ɿԼҵﲽ޹ʲôû
ɵˣѾͷԽԽ죬ͻȻĸ磬˵Ѿͷǲǹġ
ĸЦ˵ôأûɡ
ӿˣû
¹ƽջʵۻؼ⳼ĵطǽӣҵһҪĴ󳼡
ܼһӣǵҡ
˻ϵ²ǵĲǰ
ЦŵͷԼԽԽϲչ˵һӡ
кˣɫСŮ͹衣
ﲢƷеһжá
˴һյʱ䣬ſͻȻһŲ˼̧ͷȥֻһԼʮ꣬Щ˹
ɫϣƵϺͰס
˼һ£ΪʵеĻкܴĲ𡣹̾ôеҵֶأȣе΢֡
ʵۼһɵ㶵ӣȤˣЦ˵ôɵ𣿡
˼æϣҵû뵽˵ġ˵õݴʣܲ˵ϣôûưɣǽݵһ㡣
ǻʵ۷ЩˣƽͣȻûʲôҵƢȷʵĺá

ͻȻһת˵ƽ׽ˡ
ϹЦŹ˼һˣûô٣ҪҲǻʱҲɿƿˣϾ϶ء
ͻȻĿŸڹ˴ԱߵŮޣ˵ҵǧ𣿡
˴˵ǣҼҴŮh
ʵۻЩˣȫʲôأ
˳hػϲĻҽй˳h
̻˾䣺СޡҲˣʹʲôµģҲûͷۣͨ˲
ʵǶԺǺϲԼ߰˸ӣǹȴֻһǰŮ
֤ССĹ˳hɰˣǾŮǰݣշ鶯
˵СޣкԵɡ֪Ķ࣬Ͼ游ȣ˵ˡ
ʵ֪Ŀۣ˳hСôиȷʵ 
㿴ԼŮŮ͸˼Ҵ˲ˣǡһ꣬ٽֹ˿ƾ١
ҲҼҸǸ˼Ҵ˸
һȻԼйأˣĪ⻹Ǹиޡ
ͼ˳hϲԨԴǶ۰мӣʵۿŹ˳hʵǸû𡱹˼һϾȻʳ仰ǲ 
Щ«hǵû 
δϹ˳hȴһ㲻£λʵ۲Ҳϲ
ϸ˵Ȼλûʵۣѩһ꣬˶ֺٹ⣬ǹ˼ҵĴ˸ȫµĴˡϼˣ˫۾
ʵ۲ϵֱףжûô̹ʵĻˡ
˼˼ԼŮŮô˵ͬͷ˼ʵôõģǵһжǻʵʹģǵȻԻʵ۸ж
ʵۼǾȻ̹ϣǵĺøвĸʵ۲ϲ˿䣬οֱ׵Ŀ䣬ʵôˣ˭ģ˭Ǽֵء
Ȼûʲô๦ҵǼԼ˵İմá
ãҹȻûпǡ˼һӶ˼̹ϣʵʵʹ͸ٶΣûָȥʲô
¼˵̹ϣбҪúöԴǡ
ʵ°ͣŹ顣
ʵ˵Ļ˿ƾ٣ҲŽҿˡ
ʵ۹ƣ
Ȼ˼ңΪọ́㵽ȥΪǽΣ
ϲæллϣ΢Īҡ
˼Ҳû뵽ϾȻô׸˹˼һ٣ʵҲúܵûʵʹ͸ЩѾ޿ɺˣѾ㣬û뵽ͻиҫǣǰԼ̣ԺΪʵ۾̣أôһ
˼˷ܼˣ̿ҪιȥˣԶȻСҲ֪ʹǹ˼ˣ˷ܡ
˳hǸ˵˫۷ûϿ̿
ϼ˹˼ˣЦȥˣҪæ˼ĸһϲ
һ˽˹Ϊ˵ƷԱȻʲôĹְӽ£׿ڲͬ
˼ҳ˻ʹ߳˹ſԺͻȻ϶ǹ˼ң̩ɽ򲻿Ҳ¡
˼ĻҲ࣬ƷѾˡ
ҲȨС
ģҲ֪ڽǼҲµУɲϣ˼Ҳˮ
˼ĺܼ򵥣ʵۺ˼ңǾҪҾ
ʵʵ͵ǡǡǹ˼ϵݼ̹Ϻ֪㣬ЩΪǵĴˣΪԼռ˱ﲻ㣬Ҫĸᡣ
Ҳ˼򵥵˲⾩øԶ˼ұеٮٮߡ

еˣСʹǣٰΪҪvˣǴٶʵ˲𣬽ĸһ㣬ָµ䡣
ллСʹǵ֧֣䡣


24 
·, ǵ·ݸ֡صľӶϸǡ
Ҫ˵Ծǳҡǰѩֺ󣬻ؿԣ֪жôࡣ
ȻѧҲڷ׷ײ²⣬ƿڶ, ͬе᲻ҲȽ϶ࡣ
ǽҲȷû, ͢ڵȷ˲šЩӸһ˰⡣
Уг͢, ҪԼ, ǻҪΪԼ˲š
Щвģ类, ֮˺
֮, ˴ղѧԼ
ŻԵĵˮԽԽ졣
̫סſŵ˾̸
ڣһƳ˵̫Ǻ, ۿǼ֣ܵܲѾ쵽ȥ, ҵȲ, Ǹ, ҪǼܵҲ
ﵽ׻ûӣ
̫˵̫ӣԡ
̫ίѾزôס̫ǹµʦҪΪ취
̫С̵̫ӣ֪ǸӣסҲûжӿ 
˼һ㿪ڵȥ˽ԾӣΪϲ֪𣿡ָָʹķ
̫ïЩ֪Σ
軺һڣ˵²żг㣬ȲΪ̫ӣ̳ˡ
̫Էŭ΢ƽϢЩԸȻмӣ̫֮λǸʵĵһӣֻ¼ܵԽ˼Ҳ
˵ҲҲĴʵ̫һûʲôҵʵƽӹûʲôڵĲŻҲһĸƢãĽȥ˵Ծ̫̫಻ĵطȴǾľĸ͢Ҳһ̫ӵˡ
±ӣǸײӣΨһƣλӼȻıı 
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һЦϲڳѡ𣬲ëԼ
̫ɻ󣺡һ취ɸʻͬôĵǼк𡣡
ЦĪҪˣ̫ӣ˳
ֵϼϽܲͬ⡣
̫۾һһҶĿˣֻüܵ²صʿֻᷢ𣬵»вͬĳЧ
̫ӣ
˵һпĿɲֻڻӣ
̫Ӵ˿Ѿȫףܵܳʲô۶ӣֻҪ̫ӵı֣ⱾľͶȥ˭˵Ϊ͢ѡ˲Ų̫ӵıְ
̫վϲͣ ̫ǹµĺʦһԵľӱ̫ӸҲЩ˲ȫΪãռȻ
̫ӵھȥ󸸻֮һ

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һ˸ĲͬɫΪڣΪ׵˸ɫţֻ³ѵõĻǴº񣬶ԴͬһϮµ˸нڡ
ĻZڴᣬϳ֮㶼ǽ¿ƾӡ
ZЦ˵λ֮ҽվһԤףλ쿪ʤ
˵ձƱϯ˲Ϊӵĵ˷ŵ̬ǶæĻʵɷҵȡ
иͬĻӳԷҫ
ǰǰ
ĻZЦЩЩ˾ˣֻҪԼӸô΢ʿЩ˱㶼кøУͶЧ
һ˵ҵȥλȡòΣıһְֻٰӲ룬ҵʵȱѽ
ϯ˸͵˵Ĳ꾺̫ˣ³˶డЩŻֻǻĵزҲĪû 
ZԷ¾ƱЦ˵ҿλвŻҵĵ¸ȱˣλ㲻̤;ҸıʿҲ
Щ۾һǸտʼԵֵ´Ե档ǼȾϲˡ
Zƣﻹм٣ֻǡĻӶһ¡
ϵ˶ˣλֵֻʲôԣֻ֪Ҫҵܰ쵽ԸΪЧ͡
Z̾˿񸸻ǲҵ͢Ϊ٣ֻ뼸ֵܱ˵Ҳա
Щ˼ˡк¡
ZƱסǵһĨЦȴʸҵĻӸʵ˿ðҽλλҲвŻʵֲ
ϯһ˵£ھкҲһ֮
ZԴϲվ֣棬־ݡ
һĵ³ƺΪֳĶЩƮˣھȴЩ
ƶƫùʱʱЩм£ȵ˿ʱЩӸΪ𣬻౧š
ZյĿﵽˣȻĺȥ£Щ˼ʹ޹ĸۡ
ͼıЩػУ㲻УƾھӼҲֵ£Ϊ档
вŻ٣ҲͬԣԸ٣˲źá
ZΪľӣǶǶЩ˳ΪĻһɣҪɲˡ
͢ϵԣһҪ;˳ǿɲףǸøҲ˰ɣôһ͢ϴơ
ɲǴǸΪ̫·򸸻֤˭Ӯңò˵Ϊʳһе˻ı
һߣ̫ӺĻӸǵľҲĸ

һߣ˿ûᾩǵ£ЩhôˣҪ֪ǰhҪ
˳hʱڼǣҪˣġ
˴˵ԭģѾͷƽﲻˣҪƾˣɲȥ
˳hίĻһ䣺ûаҶڼල硣
˴Цˣ˵ȥ˼ֻǴ²öԼŮ˵
㲻ȥ
˳hֻίͰͻصԼСԺڴϣգŵϣС
֪Ҳ˿ڿ̿ 
ǰսϳԱ˿࣬˵Ŀ಻֮һĳôʱ̣ԽӳǱ˼
ſڣŵ俱סˣüүڶ飬²Ҫ
⼸洦⣬Խϣ俵ȻС˵أھʲôۻᣬⲻүһпء
۽Ѿǵյ°ɣйҪ¼ģôܣүǴ£ЩҪְֱɡ 
俺µ򣬲˵ˡ

ʱ仺ʱν̿ù鵽ҹռҴ˶˵ǰȰ棬ֻǱɵĵȥˡ
ڿƾǰһ£뷢һ£Ϸˮദ̡
ҲܵǣڽʡҪѡ
 ʵҪĺӶҪüҲ˲ۡ
˶࣬ҪϵϣҪãһΪǽѡ
òҵİ취ǰȥϣһһ̰ˣܲ
һ˵˭ԸΪ޷ǣϼһȫü˳ۣԼͬĿŵ¡
ʵû취䣬ȻֻĹ˼ұʾԸЩǮƣҲй˼ңǽˮ²һǮܽģ˭ȥ졣
ʵҲడǲУǽӿǧẒ́ҪǴˣǿǵԴġ
ʵǷҪˮˣζʮ꣬Ͼа˴Σÿξ̣ǰվ͵
ֱͻƨɰ㣬ȥ´ǰݼ
۾һ롣
´ʮˣϹ٣
ʵ˷ܵѵк⡣
´Щ֮ʹ˵ƵģûС
ЩʧȴǴһ˿ϣѵкʵƼޡ
´һۣ³֣ûС
ʵ۳üۣ˫°ͶˣǴʲô¡ɫֻû˵¿ˡ
´˵ϳ֪£Ϊѡ֮Ҳ´ѽ
ʵ룬ֻ½ǱߵңأҲ⺷϶ˡ
ƫܴãΪϳӰҪ¸ǣЩ˲֪дʲôʫʸ踳ء
ƾҲ£񣺡ҿĿ
´˵ϣ֮ǰõģʵ۴Կһ飬һ⣬һѧ㷢뷨µĿǳѭ浸أĲɳڵԽܵ
ʵۿⲻˣǰЩ绪ѩ£ЩŻģ͢ѡҲ
㿴ǳ͢ϣһСȰ㣬ҪǼܰˮ˲ţҪʵµġ
ʵ۸ɴϣ޿Ҫһ¡ 
ϾˣջʵֻǴſ꾹ȻҪԳ⣬Щˡ
ϱʾǲҵĿడֱװŻ㣬ЩŪµ 
귢ˮˣһˮΪ⣬˭Ϊ޷ǽѣ˭ǽƵ״Ԫ
´˾ĺӶ˺üΡΡϣô𡣡ЩΪٶҲ֪⣬ɬľ֪Щʲô
ʵ΢΢һЦƾٱǽ֮££ˮѳͷ£޿ǳˣԺҪѡһЩʵ˲š
ⲻ˵ЩѡֻỨȭ´˲˲ͷĺεԡ
ǵľ˿֪غ˵Ŀ˵ľ͸ģƱػӰһЩ˵ˣӦ˵Ӱش
֪ôģʷ˸䣬ԭˮʹʳʧȥģǽһԹ𣬶ʱϷս
ǣԭʷ򣬿ɺӹ˼ҽ߸磬ؽ˼ң븣Ƿʼʷ֪ʱ򳹵ת˸䡣
֪˿ҲЩȻ֪˭Ҳ֪ⱻŪҵʷҪʻη
ҲûʱȥǣΪǻˡ

컹һ5000ֵģ̫ˣСʹ


25 
ƾٵĵ, ǵս
һգ׼öھܾռҴҪϿͼ˹ԺԺλڽĵ, Ա߽ŵıǹӼࡣ
ҲǹӼ࿼ֵôĵط, Ͼ빱ԺôҲǸλҲ
ͬȣյĹԺྲ, ս, ЩԸѵľҲס񣬲Լͬտڲԡ
þӸ˼, 㿴ǰλӽŵֶڷ
ûжٽ, ˵ƽģǰ࣬˵ֻҪıá
ԺҪܵļ飬ЩʿȫЦ£ĸϸ, ҪԺĴŵȷ˵ݡ
ȷϷǳ꾡ڰ˴, Ļܲ㱾˶, Ļ̥Ƿ, Ҫϸѯʡ
ƽĻش˼⣬ǱʿʮꣿЩţҲʵʮľ֮١
ðɣǺѼðˣǱʿȥ䣬Ӻӹ߽˴š
ȴ֪ⷬٶھӼȻ󲨡
Щӹ˼ŷΧҴۣС˵
˭ôʮ갡ҾδšҪ֪ЩҲʮˣе֪֮꣬Ҳƴԡ
ȴʲ棬һ˱һʵʧȥ
οһδĳ͢٣Ǻôʫ飬ɵӲŻôɡ
ҲУ߾ۼһˣȻҲߵˣ֪˭𣿡
ǳ˵
һ뿪ķ򣺡𡣡
˿֪Ѿ˼סˣѧһ粨ƽƽľ 
ʵ֪Ҳྪȡ
ڶر¼飬ǵİ»Ƚůǰǳѩֱ̫ˡ
μӹǰǳƾٵ˼ֱҪˣǰ²ʱ㶳ɹΪ¼˵ġ
ʵԺǵǵ壬ڻ̿裬ɲãǰеʵ޼Ҳɽ˼˳档
ЩϾϵĲˣǿǳԹģ˺ѾҪЦˡ
¼飬Ա˿·޼дпǾֵģҪֲҪ߽ЩҲܵСǣ
˿̥Ƿſڼ¼ķϣ֮쳣꾡
ʱҲ̾˿ƾٻǲװ
ôնźԼλϡ
Ҫ죬ԷƣֱΪ徭ʫۣÿ졣
׼䣬ǶȫԵĶУֻġ
ǰڻԵطԼûϨȼ˿Լ꣬ûɼ
ǲڵģڹԺԿȵҲס
ԺǲṩԵģֻṩһЩˮڹԺϲרиطΧζҲǺܴ̱ǡ
Ȼǲܱߵ˻ǲףޱ롣
ˣˣˡ󣬻ʽʼ
һ¶ŵģԲͬǣԲǰ
ԿȣԸϲΣ˵ԻСˮ㣬ǻԵǺ󺣡
¿㿪ʼˣٶȲǺܿ죬Ҫݸ壬ȷŹܵϡ
ּʷ߼д󿪴֮ƣ֣֪й֡
ʱ仺ǵˣԺȼª첻ϴ裬нֱܡ
ԺڵѧӾԣҲƣ
ЩֱӳŲסȥԲض˵
һǲۣǰ徭ȻԱ˵˺ܶ࣬Ƕ֮С
ֻǣϸ۲۲ֻһ⣬ǽˮƣ£ȶǴδĶ޷ǡ
ľˣǵһβμӿƿҲû˵һεĿƿʽһ˵ʱףӡ
ϸ˾ӣȷֻһ⣬ܣΧҲǲš
ûдûдǾҪΪδ˴οƾΪˡ
ǻԳ⣬ˮԣǰҲôһ⣬ǰҲһӡҲû
ʱڱ߹أֻǣ˼ţǳˮҲ⣬Ͼˮֹȥ߰˴Σ˭֪һΣЩ˴Ľɽ
˥ܣʹ˵λҲûлָ
Ϸᣬִ룬ʱСսĽһһңʤҲࡣ
˺󣬱һֱʼ̣սСսͣҲƾһδսһе
ǵúˮʱ͢ûʲôΪҲϷԳ֮͢ǡ
˿̣ԾϸϸĦϵ˼
Ƭ̣±ˡ
˽ɻû˽°ȥ
ǰһż￴ˮķֻʵʵʩҪͨ˲ţһıʿ㾫Ŵ˵ķԼͼϸ˽ϵƺǺ˸Ϊܵͼֽ
Ƿͼֽںֵǧɹˣʹ÷ݽϵƣ˶ˮĽϣҲ֤Ǹٿɱǡ
ֻʱѾˣΪεˮٸΪߺУȻʮҾſա
µĻǶԳ֮͢ǵˣ˵͢ûˣֻȥ̰޳ܣСȻűͲľ 
˵Ϸˮǿʼǽµ˻ǽ˺ڣʵǲ̫ȥ֣̫ӾȻ°ӣǲɱȻʱҲдǻ˲ˡ
ɻʧȥ̫ӣôʧȥһӣǻ϶Խȷǳ׺ˣѹܽϰյ
ǰ˿飬ҲЩ֮£ˣȻѾ꣬׼ȷǷݲͼ
ϸ˼ţȫע¶ķɿ죬ڣʷ
ָͼֽãͼĲïԾ˱ 
֪ʱһۣɫƽӹɿȴƽ׽˵˿ңǡߵߡ
ˣ̫ï
תתϾ٣
ֻղ̫棬ֱߵ߲ŷ֡
̫ӱǿССǾˣһǰʮͻʮֿ㣬̫Ӷ֪һǳױòˡ
ͣľӣһ̫ľˣרҵģҲܿȷоݡ
ϸţֱ޲ö೤˫۾ͼֽףڻͼֽ˻⣬Ҳ̫
ƽؿڵļ˿ֱ쳤ЦһȻ˷ԸʲôҴ뿪ˡ
ͷԼ⡣
һڵľҲ̫ͻĵ¡
ʱ仺ȥھաˣˣˡ
Խˡ
еľһеľĬĬпŵޡ
ƽ֪Լˣ߳ԺѾΧһȺˡ
ȺѰԼС˵Ӱ
ͻȻһεŮݸ硣
ûƵģݸ硣
ԴͷȥССӰȺ⡣
ϹһĨЦݣ֦㣬ֱ̹˳hۡ
˳hعѾǰ
С˵ģôˣ
ʵ˳hˣȴԼ׶ܴԡ
ֻýһ
˳hЦȻΪӭ簡
һ£ǰѵô࣬߾ʹѾߣһʲôΣô졣 
˳hһЦбڰءԴСʱ°ߣҪȥ涼˸š
Էġ
ʱҵԼүߣǻȥ
˳h˷ܵͷ
¹ȥˣҲûţЩˮԼǱĹۿ
֪ĵطƪۣ˴˵ע⡣
̫Ϊ״ԪȻȴЩ˲ͬ⣬ΪֻͼֽҪûʵѧ ˵ͼֽǲԼоġ
̫۵ʣλľӲ徭ʫ쳣ʣдľ֮ãѾ˿ͼֽˮ
ʵϲ̫ԿΪ档
̫ӵͷƽϴϲļ
ʵ۰飬λҶף޷
ʵۻһתǻе޺úÿʵѧǵ֮Ĵ붰
·ݣԽˣֻԲŻ
һ˵״Ԫǰ˵ġ
һڴ˵Ĵߴǰ񴦣Ȼ磬ҲûѾΧһȦˡ
̬ܺõ֤ھ棬һ˲ٰݾһɽ
ٲ񵥹 ʼ
굽ǰ棬սơ
ܿ죬֪Լĳɼеϲеǵ䲻
үˣһһ ˻Ҫһ
ˣ͵̧ͷֵˡ
ȺжʱһȻкȻŷǶķеڿ
е˼òᣬȴ״Ԫ֮̽һˡ
ҲȻα;ΪңȻΣʵ̫󣬶ͬеľȻС
֪ж༤ңȻܿһɲ
ȡǰѾܶˣֻǰʮʸԡ
档
ͬ˵֣ȡΣȴҪ
Щͷ˵ĵ²˵ֻҪΪ£ǰ;ó
ĻӿҲȷ۹⣬һˣΪó 
ЩͬеѾǳʱԳ͢¶֪֪̫ȻƽȣĻδûʤ㡣
˾ҵɽΪҵ޵ݰ˵æʩһ
֮ͬ飬Ը⣬ֻǵ˻ӸҵȶĻӱģĺкܶ࣬ϵġ
ĻвŻ̫ȴƽӹôõ¸ģǣҵ˼𣿡
˶һۣܿˣȻɵӣ˼ȻĻӣڻ
µֻƴһѣǵҡ
΢΢һЦ
ԿʼˣȻ̫һģ֪̫Ҫ״ԪҪˮһ¡
λ˳Уϣ˶ĿϾۡ
Ŵ£ӷ㿪ʼͬǹˮģ룬ԭлָϸʹ˿Ըǿ 
ʵۿľвŻƾʵϣǸɼҡ
ʵ۾ԼڿԲٵˣڳĳֻϿľӣϲ⡣
Ҳ氡ֱèצƵġ
ڿˣԾҪ󳼹ۿϾǲ۵д߰ǲǴϵ
ԣ˵ʵȨڻʵǸΪ֮һҲһȨ
λٻһ¡
͵õ˷̫ӿ϶ģҲ뿴ˣȻͲ̫͡
㿴⣬ԽԽľֱٵϣŻȱѵõǸʵɼңǳ͢Ŀǰȱˡ
ʵǰЩӷʲô𣬻Ϊûõ˲šǰ漸λͬŵĸۣûԥʹϵȡ
գӵ˻ʵϸϸۿڵһҲŵ
Խ̲סͷ̧ͷŵ¹꣺Լġ
ƽͰ飬ĥЩսˮ֣ǲѣ˲ҹżҵ˺÷
ֻǡ
Щԥʵ۵ֻʲôлϸϸ
һֵֻǳģҪʵʩ̻ϸȥϿΡ
ʵ۸˰ѺӣЦкѡ
⣬СȻǷ Ӵǹ£ˣ˭
ʵ۵ڷ϶죬ٴƷ޵̫һްѽˮˣ͡
ллϣ΢ʹ
Ա´ѵϣ¿״Ԫûöء
ϹһЦǽƵ״Ԫ
սȭͷٴߵףлϡ

ɣҪЪһᡣСʹǶ԰ʲôҲ˵ǣ


26 
ӹ, ͬе˵ٴˣϻѽô˵ȴûжټʡ
Լʮ꣬οƾٵİۣϴԼǿдú, ǷԺˡ
֮ԱȻٰƷ, ǻնĽʹ
Ȼеʮ𾪣ȴἵʣѾü, ͻȻСһ룬ȴ˵Ϳ
ΪԶҲ֪ôδߵʲôز, Ī
ϧ˶, 㿪ڡ
ȴߴһߡ
ͺֻһģ˹˹ĵ߹Ǻ, ƫбۿ, ±֪ﲻ
ʵǲ˼ƽϣǰ֪, 幣ΪʷӦǾ仰, , , ΪпڲűãΪӿڳ´Ρ
ôΪһΡ
ԭôǵãһ˵粻˵רȨ衣
ܼ֮ôãΪʱǴΨһһȨ죬˶ҵܺһƷҲҵȻûж֣Щ˱QҲͦ˼ 
û֣̫ܵˣܼӲһ۾ʵΪһֲôȷʵֻ˲Ϊе塣
Ϊݺ˴ΣȻûȴٷ䡣
ݺˣǵþĻӸİɡ
һĻӣĪ鲻ãϾһԼĳˣԺҪ£ÿһ޲ǰ޴Ĵ
õҸ취챨𣬲ȻѰ
ǾɫôôأоЩأΪǱģǾʢⲻ
첻ˣҿһϴ
źǣĿЩѺŵˣΪԼ˵ʲôЩ͵˵ʲô
ûУֻǾ˵ĸ㲻ûء˵ԹЦ 
ȻƣΪԭ
ǵȥϣ̫һȥҪֱȥ𡣡
ͷúö¶ˡ
ǵǾֱɡ
뿪ıӰʣ϶ԼǰûмôһˣΪĳЩԭʷ˸
Ĵݵߵǰһٴ˰ɣ̫ء
̫Ҳͦ˼㲻ʲôˣ̫֮λҲΪǳռ˳
ֻȴһӵϳĻӵǻΪ̫֮ԸڳΪ٣Ȼ׷״ǹ١
ƿţ̫ӵȷ˵ȵļˣҲ֪Լûʲôͣ˸Ⱞϧ˲š
Ҫʩæǰסٴˣض񣬹µȺʱˡ
ï̾벻ٴΪȣѽ
̫̫ǫˣ̫ΪͣҵôҲȲ˵ 
̫̹ˣⲻĲɺãڲҲãȷǵٵϡ
̫ӵ֡
ĸΪݡ
̫۾ݣĿǰкߡ
£ΪӦöЩ֣Щܹɽ̫ҽҲҪǰʮҾſղΪ𣬺ˮֻǴĵһ
̫ӵͷЩҪġ
ʱ衣
ֵ˽ϣ̫ӵҪԼǴļ̳ˣ򲻿ʧ
̫ӷǳжҲ֪ԼȥϾٶ̫³çʲͬ⣬ֻǵܵԽˣôǣĸǿòϣıвŻ
֪ιɲвŻ͹ģˮ˵Щƽӵ˶Ƶ 
̫ӵȷƽӹи޴ŵ㣬Ϊ͢Ҫʵ˲š
ïˡ
̫ģû뵽̫ô׾ͱжˣһ£ӻó
̫ӿжˣ˲ᣬӵݸܾˡ
̫ӵԸΪЧ
µԸΪ̫Ч͡ҳڴģҳڴļ̳Ҳҳϴ룬˭˵ء
̫òѡ
һߣĵ¸ʮ˱ҪȻ̫ӻסڶ
鷿ڣĵȻ΢ЦģˣǸҪȥϣǱ߱ڶ࣬ǰģһӦҪˣ̫λȵһкʤ㡣
ڵ££νҲΰҲΣã̫ӵλҲͷˡ
¶һЦϱֺ෢ȻԸȥڽϳʲô⣬Ҳǲܵģ˵ص¡
ZԴϲкߣıʿĺݣܳɴ¡
Ȼͨ˻ԣοԭҪɵطС٣ͶĻӣΪھǣھҪĻչʾļֵ
ϱ뺷ϱԽǷˮ֣Գ֮͢½ٳ̫ӣҲûʲôġ
Zû뵽ıʿȻݣҲصһǣұȴвŻƾʲô̫ӣֻҪȥʣµĸûһ֮
ļ·𿴼ԼҴȥԼɹλ
ҹȻûпˣܳɴ¡
Zһ£ֵֻ㽻ɺ죿ǻӸȥ죬̫⣬׵ıЩˣߵˣʵ֪
¶һܶЦݣ²ڻǰļһѧЩ˱;סڽǻʧܺ󣬻ص˸ɡ
㾹ЩȥЩ˲ͬ𣿡ZԾˣҲЩԥ
ЦһǵµˣȻҪΪЧԭȱѹǡǳȻ¸ʧǾǵµǶ·ϵ̤ʯɡ
֪ĵ²º֮ˣ֪ͬ⣬ĵºֻһֱ
ʱĻ֪ԷһˣҲάº͵ıα⡣
۾Ұģ˾ģԣܳɣΪʣ㱣֤صˡҵĺø磬ҵԵʯɡ
ڣղ˴΢Ц
Ժźһ˽ĵ¿Щ³ɺһ
κ°ѱٵǴλȻرǵġ
˵ͷȥ
ZŽռһˣΪûãǲܣȥɡ
Zڿһ˵ķ΢Ц

ڴǱ̫֮صռңȴſĹ˳h
СôСԼٵȵȰɣЩ˵Ҳ١
˳h᲻ã磬Ҫȥ𣿡
֪ġ
ûзϣ˳hˮ
Щ˵һȥһʲôʱҲһһϦ£Ҳüꡣ
Ǽûֿ
̾˿ôް
èƵĴˮֻҪ˵һ仰ͻ᲻¡
µڵĻֻ˵Ҳɣ㱣֤һ㼰ǰ
˵ͣһ£ӻóһϸΪ᣺Ҫ˸磬𡣡
˳hˣø̫ģ֪·ϺΣա
ĨĨᣬЦ˵磬ŲҪңңҡ
˵ĹĵģѾ龰㣺һġ
Цһѵ˭Ҳ˫h 
˳hſ֪кܶҪæ磬Ҫؼˡ
˵űɿܿˣͷҲأʵ˳hѹҲ翴Լ޵ģ
ȴû֣һֱıӰ֪ˣȻ 
ֱүүء
ع߽ո

ллΪͶİƱĳжҷǳĹллౡ

лΪͶƱӪҺСʹŶ~
лͶ[]Сʹֺ 1
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


27 Թ
ƾڹȥ, ڵ
ֻǽˮԽ, ̫ӱ
ص, ϵС˵, 鷿ֱӸС˽鷿
ڣ󺲿ǰﲻסĵͷû뵽ռһгɾ͵ľȻԼ
ǿƾĹԱҲ˵и̫ϵ˭, û뵽ȻԼ
վһ, һ, Сܹôɫ, ̸ҲͷһΡ
մ˾ʵݣ˵ϴ̫һȥˮһȥ֪üꡣմ˳̾һȻദʱպ̵ܶ۰˿٣˷ӵġ
Ȼ㣬ǱϾһ, ˮˮء
˾кָʾ֪ˮ֣˻, Թ, Ϊһɾ·ˡ
֮ǰ, Ҳմ˵, մδ֮ǰڽ١
մ˵ᣬǰǵ漮ǽϣ³ԺǱȻʵһЩ˻ġ
˵մֵЩ˱Ȼıʲôɰ޹ɶڰղܲܡڽϵ٣Դһʴ֮ġ
Դϳܲ͢ܣұܺãǲЩ⣬ôǵĿܾ͸Զ롣
մĵͷǰȥǶԵģұ㲻ʤΣ㵹Ϊʺϡ

մ˵֮ضСģﲻҪš
ͷ
մ˼ƣȥϢˡ
ΪҪųϾҪ׼Ķ̫֣̫࣬ҽʳЩȫҪȥ뵽ֻǵڶմӽϱ㴫ϢϾȻҪ췴
֣ϼˮֶڻʳᵱҪŻ
ϴŭ̫ӺʰҴҴ̫ҽУֻǺľƷԼԱҪŶ
ӾǵϷǳԶȥҪԶˮصıݡ
̫ӺĵһĿĵرݣλڽϵģ˵ϷǱȽϿߵģô򿿽档
ݵİգ꾰õʱүۣ껹и㣬Ժȣһֺһ׷ѣӶᱻˮߣҲΣա
ǽݵˮ⽭ϵҲˡ
ˣݣļǳһ˶ûˣеӳȥģ˳ݳΪһǣǰļ䡣
⼸սϣ˶ᱳʹҲ˲ࡣ
ݣ˴ǰʱͬڻģ֪ôģ˿
ֻ龰Ҳʵ̸Ϻã̫ӿǰưܵľĴֱˮϱ鲼Ͱռﱻ
żôһ˻ڣưܣƬ㣬޺
ϵеĶ࣬ٿҲ֪ˮʱҪꡣ
ЩľţǲǰϾڶ࣬Ҳֻȥֻǻ 
̫һᣬȻҪˣЩѽ
ǴĿʵ۲Ϊȥ˲ŷ
ȴҲԸʵ˵ѽ
̫ӼֱҪˣתĿ
̾˿ǷЩԵġ ڴ̫ҪֻҲ࣬ЩҲһ 
ЩľһĨ⣬ڿЩѳԵķָʱȻĲˣȴԾźöӣûк 
̫ӿ۾ҪˡҲζӳ¡
˷Щ˶ǰ˶ЩΣһ˵λӣǳ͢ˡ
̫ӿͷ
Ǵ̫ӣ֡
Щϲ
ԭ͢ûзǡ
ǰһʳ͢Ҳˣٵȼձɵ
˵֪𣿡
һ˱ߵ֪ͶʳҲߡ
̫ӺһۣŭΪ͢٣Ȼ¡
̫ӵ֪ۡȥ
ǿ˵ȻĪҲӣûֹ
һ˺ƺƵ·ϡ
ȥ֪ۡ֪ۡſھȻΧһˣۡҲˮһ㣬ⲻͬǴſڶʯͷҲбʯͷҹĺۼ
Χſڵһ˴죬һô˵Ǻˡ
ŵȺһ˵ǳ͢ˣǵ 
˵Ŀģǹڶ棬͢Ļ𡣡
̫ӿһ̫ӣˮ
̫ӿǰİգǷ·۾˹һ㣬ƴץסһݡ
̫ӸֵʳҲõģѾӾ˹ˣֻǻ輸ա
Щ˷ˣš
𣿳͢ûзǡ
˿޵ҵȫˮˣҵŮѾûгԹˣں Ǵ˿̱ϲӣϲǿϣˣЩʧȥҲزˡ
̫ҲȾ۾ͮͮġ
ٿһ˸дֻôػһأ߿ƾ·ΪԼΪ˸ȻҲΪտһ£վô֪࣬Ϊ·ǰ߽ΪٱҪһո㰲
̫˵Ǹ˵ǵص֪
˵֪Ҫ󿪲ַʱ򣬾ѾЯȫ֣ܵңҲӵңһúúء
֣ɭǲ£Ҫֱɱġһ˵
ҵȲԿס
̫֪޳ܣΪ룬ٵͷصǣһҪøʰնˣ˵صǣھҪƤˡ
Χ̫ô˵¶˷ܵɫɼ֪ƽҲʲôù١
գ̫ӣȻ֣ɭϣǲ
̫ȻѵǻҶԹ֡
ǼȻ֪Լסǳʱ϶һݡ
̫Ҳкΰ취
˼һǲռ⸮ۡ̽һ£ɲֹ֣һء
ȡǵİ֣ҲΪ
̫Ӵϲļ򣺡¹Ȼû㡣
ֻǣʸ˵⽭ϵǰˣǲһġ̫̾˿
̫԰꣬Ǵӳ飬ֻҪϵǱϣݵһǵģǱˡ
̫ӵ֮
ֻҪȡ㹻ʱ䣬֣ҲΪǣǲˮ
Ȼһ棬Ҫ˻ѽ
һײ֪ţտյֻ󻨲ݣ̨ͤ¥ʾ⸮ۡݻ
İҲɢȥֻǶģıһãһЩϤصٺò


28 
һҹעܰߡ
ݵҹľžҹҲʺϷЩʲô
ȻܳͶ, ȴû簲˯, ǰɵϰ, һİĵطҪ鿴һ̫ɣôĶ֪
Ҳ˼ݵ£Щ, ݰ˵֣ʳ˲, ǲ˺ӲӲ
ԶھǵĹ˳hƽ
ڶ, ɫ, Ҫ´ꡣ
ȥݼ̫ӣ̫, Լûô, һ֪ڰʱȴЯʳӣ֣ҲŴ󻧣ֺȻҪ췴
Ұ˵û, ̾˿
ʱ˽̫ǳģ, ̧۽, һ¡
Ҵŵ𣿡
̫һ㷢, ѹû˵ʲô
̫ϲѽֻһ˿Գıߡ
չ¾ȥ֣ң˰ץ
̫ӣ£ֲ⵱صı֪֪Ҳѱ䣬Ǹ򲻹ǡ
û˵ǲǴ򲻹㲻û֣ҷԤı
̫ȥ£û취𣿡
죺£ˣﲻֹ֣һ壬֣Ҳһ
֮ݣǹµĺðְ̫ѾȲˣողµվ
˹¾ͺһȥɡ
ȴڴʱǰԼǰģ£⽭ϱһϣҲûˡ⻰˵ĲǰΪ̫֮ʹ͢˶ԽϵľȻҲ䵽ʮҾſյ³
̫ڽϵҪñǰģڣϿɱ̫ӣʲô⣬Ǿǽϰĺƽ١
̫̾һҪȥ뷨ֻö㿭Ӧǡ
ʱֵ̫´ҵƣ¡
ȥߵſʱͻȻ뵽ǰ̫ӹͣ½Ų˸ȥ̫ӵ
ЩΪҪǳȥ֣ңû뵽ȴ˵Ǵڴ˴̫ӹԶҪ̫ӵİȫ
ֳ˼һ£̫ӵҪǿҪòʿ̫ӡ̫Ӵ˶ոǿ֮˵Ծ¡
ߺӲЩ
ˡ
飬һɫ㼲ȥ⣬ǲ̫ӵˣֻ̫Ӵ˹٣ҪȵĴ輸ա
֮ǰһݵֲ֣һҶ󣬵壬Ҳûһս֮
Ҳе嶼Ҫı·֪еڶĽѿ֣Ҳ˳ۣбҪȥҡ
ýҵԮʣµСҲڽң֣ҲͲΪˡ
֣ңͻԹĽһᷴˮ
һ·Уͷģεڽϣ־յƣϵҲ˵͢ˣǵò֮ǰƣҲľˡ
һ·У˽ңҴŽգ˵еȥţζӦֱΣǴŲ򿪡
ŵһͣɫɻϴЩţĿ˵Ǻҽʲô
׷̫Ӷǳֵ͢ģǱ֮һš
˵ǳ͢ģɫϲ֮¶һЩΣֱó̫Ӹƣɼǻͼڣû˸α죬Ĵ
ͼæ¹븮ڣæȥ
Ⱥڿ˷
ܿ죬ſڱ½һˣΪ׵ɫŶСĺ룬ǽڵļ죬Ȼ˵ˣһ֪ǳ͢ˣæ¹
ȴǴ̫΢˽Ѳ񡣡
Ҽԣ˵˳վ̫ϣΪһ¡
һڲ裬˹˵Ϊ£ֻ˳Щˡ
ָĽһʱնһˡ
²裬ֵ֣ңݵһ󻧣ֻô֪Ҳıеһأ
⻰˵쳣ˣǸɵҲĿġ
һ˲ǵݶҪ֣ҵɫǽҲҪ֣ҡ
˵仰ʱɫзŭʵ˵ԭҵȷݵ岻֣̾꣬ҲǰżȻҲһʮˣôһȴ̾ҵͷ˲ղ
Ҳǿ֣ҵģҲǣһĵȻǿǱģ֣һܶܣѹ֣ˡ
ѾȫˣĿģ޷ܾΪȷĵϡ
Կżɽ֪̫ӿҵʲôȻʽ΢м
ǱǳǳĲ裬ڣҪǽҪʲôˡ
һת˵ʹ֣ң㽭ҿݵĵһ壬ı֣ѹһͷ𡣡
ɫƽҲϸãڳĽҲϸϸ˼
ϣֺƵ֣ͼıǳ㽭ҿǴĶˡ
⻰˵Ĵ˵ڳ˶Ķ˰δͷǽٷҲû⣬˵ƾ˾ȥ͢١
ڳ˷׷СۣڽҲ˵ϻģʾ⡣
ǽҼ仹Ҫƽ˷ܵɫȴ٣һʾ԰ꡣ
ƽ˵֣в֮ģ֪ģб֣ڸͭǽһ㣬ֻƾǼˣ𣿡
վЦһ֣Ҳҳӣ˵ö֮ĿǰֻƾʳһЩˣһ㶼ȣܹȡݵģСС֣ʲô
˵ֵģҶ˵Ҫλˣȱʲôл
ǽ̽ʣȱʳ
ͷ
Ⱥ˵
⡣
ãˣѾ˼ڳҲˡ
ҪӮ򵥣ǸҪģҪʲôȻʳ±˭ܹץסһ㣬ǿνץסݵ֣Ҳ
⻰һﾪˣҲƾɶ֣ϴǽҾǲ
ǽҼһҧԸˣ˶Ｘ䡣
ܿµ˱ȥˣţֻ΢ЦŲ
ϵý˲Сơ
ԳһּᶨҽҿⷿﻹʳԸΪݵİվһģˣμСļҲн飬ǵݿɱ֣ҲΪǡ
ҼĶӴʱɳۼҵʳ
ȴϽҪ໰Ѿ 
ʱɫ¶һ⣬ЦЦǽҵĹӣǽҹӿõͷȥ

ллҵ۹ۿҪ׽һ³棬лСʹӪҺ֮ǰеͳˡ
ENINEI,ӪҺ+1
˰Ѱ,ӪҺ+5
janmu,ӪҺ+5
䡣лΪͶƱӪҺСʹŶ~
л[ӪҺ]Сʹ
˰Ѱ 5ƿENINEI 1ƿ
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


29 ı
Ҽһǿ, 뵽˴, ҲС, ֻǼ¶⣬ҲԼһ߶ˣ벻ɣڴ˿, ǰһˡ
еĿѾﵽߵſڿҪͳſڵɫ, ˵˾䣺ѽ
ǽϷŨƣɵҲһ˿, ôŬ޷й, ˲ɱŪĻĵ
ȴͻȻͷһЦ֪ɷҰɡڱΡ
æԸȡ˼ɡԵݸ, ɡԼ, ȴͻȻƲ˵Щ˵ˣ˵ʲôǣҪ, ұ졣
תֱӳſɡ̤ããϸУܿ죬ֻܿһеӰ 
̾˿벻ҾȻûһ
һĻһ˿, ǽҼŮ, 𲻾һƳ, ˣݿθ˵һģɱ˵ֶ˷
пһ£û뵽һĻ˾䣺˭ѽ
Сĺ룬˵̫΢˽ý϶죬¿״Ԫ
˵ֶ˵֣Ҳٴѧѧ 
˵ͷ 
ʵЩΪ࣬ЩСûжӿޣԴ磬ÿÿ̸𶼺ɸ֣ټһôĿޣ˺
Ҿ˵;绹СѾΪ
쿴ߵһ˵Ժȫϵϣغúð졣
ʳЩݣܻҽҸǱֵ̫ˣֻΪӬͷС⻰Щ˼˵ġ
ڳҲ֪׷׵ͷӦǡ
Ѿǰȥϵ壬ñϢˡ
߳ңĽֵĪãݲ֮ǰ˥ܣ
Ǵʱý⼸ס֣ңֻȺһٽֻǣһɫĬȻ
ã»䡣
ʱ˼պȴѾҪˣƣʱͣˡ찡˵׼ѡһ·
ȴûлصס֪ۡתȥһߣΪסĵط
һǿˣۼݶˣкУƽգɫƣڣڲ
ԵͷҲ˲ţɿһá
Ҳȷ̫ټҴԵģЩ˱Ϊͷ
ԭ⾫£һʢÿﲻҲõʱļ̣ûбˮܣۼݶˣ쳣ĴȥееչСˣʿǵʳЩ˶ԵķϧһһڵģҲܹǴϣ
˵һɧңתͷ㿴ϲǰ˵˿кηԸ
ݵҴİ㻹֪Щ
̾˿ˣһЩˣһЩ֣ңһЩС壬ҵϤֻǾסǱ߲һ𡣡
˼ĵͷһˣЩҲϹ֪λ˾ǡ
һλˮǰлˣ֮Īһҵ޵˵ߵŮͷ
С˵Ҿʣˡ
ĬȻǰȥסλˣҲǸոɹֻϾ㶼ɾǸ
ȴס˵ʳȥ֪ۡǱߡ
̫ʱס
⻰Ȼжᣬµлˣлл˾ݰһҲ׷׹£ٰ̰裬ԹԱԹѶԵٵʧ͸뵽ôù٣ǵĸ֡
ڳĨᡣ
ǰһУľԼбҪΪЩʲôͷʾ˲ᣬվȥ
ȻԱߣҲûʾ£˱һƧĵط᲻ֹĬ˺һ˵Ҳɱˣ
Ȼʳ˾䣬˿ûгɣնԸ⣬ŴɱĶǸɱ֮ˡ
ߵ۹۱Ǳǹġ
˼ĬҲΪˣһ˼ȥɱ֮£ǰȻԥϾԼҲģȴı뷨ʱ򣬴һ£ǰЩ˼ˣΪǲսֻڵ£ֻȴı뷨
ԥĴӦҲڿ˿˵֣ͼı̫ƱҪģ֣֪ᣬıԸҪİ
֣ıЩ죬ʱ˵֣ıϧֻǡԥһ¡
˵ʲôֱ˵
ԥһ˲ǿڣЩˣ֣ҲֻΪһڳԵģǡ⻰˵ˣıǴλ˿϶Ӧģͷ
ȴ˼ֱӿ˵ֻҪ֣ңԸͶģǶɴᴦ
͵ľϲԿΪ棿
ͷ
ͻȻ£ԸΪЧ͡
¶⣺Ȼ֪֣ҵһЩˣǱΪ˹֣ңǿɷϵ
˵˵ĻǼȷʵЩϵ
Ƶǰȥ˵ǣڳܰ͢쵽
ͷ˵СԸԼܡ
̸䣬̶˼ƻǰȥ˵֣ҵٴ̫Ӹˣʣİգ⽭ԼΧ֣ңЩǺԸġ
ҪľԶ٣ݵˣ֮У֣Ҳ϶ѣƻ÷һһҲѪ
ƻֱ޷죬ҲĪǽҼ̾ˣʤȻֵһսҪܶ˵
ǰȻһЧʵģÿսʿ䣬ῼǵĸ࣬İÿ˶мͥòҪνȻ鷳˵㣬һжֵõġ
̶ƻ㷵֪ĸۡʱ̫ҲڵȺ
ݼ̫ӱֱӵ̶˼ƻ
ʱһͻȻݼ̫
ҼлҴˣ˵ϵңʳﶼѱá
ãȥǽҼƻ¡ǰȥ
̫Ӵϲݣ¹Ȼûпˡ
ļƻһһ̫Ӻ̫Ӹ̫ҲǸԼǸԼĵˣһڣ뽭ɽγȡ
̫ҪЦ˲ţû¹ȻǻʶӢ̫ۡš

ǰ׽һ³档
Ԥ16ֽɡ
14µҶռңûʯˣûģСʹȽſ䣬


30 
עǺܶ˵Ĳҹ֣Ȼʤϲ, Ҳ̫ǽʱΪ͵, ֣ڵһʱ, ҲûĶԻ֣ҡ
֣ҵıռݣռݽ鸻Ĵء
ݵĳƧİߣмǱĴӽ, ͬ磬Ҳıɱ̫ӵˡ
ǲͬ, ֻۼĻӸĻţ, ԭûھٵ, ȴĻӵ£˾ǵĹ, βʣ
ǱǾܾ, նʥ飬ı£ֻǱͼҾƶҲӦǾ仰, һѰɣǵ˼ͲᶨȻҲ, ǼҲʲôദ, ŵǼӹٽ, ֮Ǳ㵹ˡ
Ǹĺ棬ֻҪһ죬ֻƫƫôɣʱʵģǻڽϣֻǱһѱưô꣬ڽ쳣Σյġ
ȵǺò׵˰Ȼ˽ʯķѣֻһ˰һľ壬ѵεݵİϡ
һ·ͣ˼ֱҪʹ飬֪ʲôˣƫƫʲôˣͱС˵ֻǱһѣƽƽǼȴǱĪڱ
ԶھǵĹ˳h˸硣
⼸ﲻɵö⣬ֻ·ǷĻӱĲǡ
ʱʳֻǴҲˣʳѾˮȥˣ¼ꤡ
磬Ҫɱ̫ѽһӺµʵ
û˵ֻǵ߰ɣҸط˵죬˵ˡ
ƽﶼĻҲҶԡ
ʣҲհʲôԵĻ
ֶ״ͷǰţǲݱˣֻݲԶڸݣʹ·Ҳû˹໳ɣ½ôңҲ±˻ɡ
Ĩ˰ϵˮ飬ͷǰߣһ·ŰǰУ֪ǷΪɺǾȻǸѾϣȴˣ˼˶һۣǰȥ
˴ԼŲѣ۾۾ˣΪΪǻˣҲǣϣǹģѾ׼ˡ
û뵽˿˵ڽϱİɣû缸ֲͣˡŰճеСԹƺݵĿ
ЩС
˵ѾˣֶģҪҪЪһ㡣
׼˶һۣӿ𵭵ĸж
ýָͷҲ֪סʲôˣٿϱˮĲк
̶ֳȣˡ
ƽղǶ໰ģʱȴ˵ллˣȻǼҪ¶޽ͷˡⲻµģûгԵģǮҲһĳȥ
˰ڰ֣ǽȥ߱˵ҪǰѽǻûʲôԵģⲻ̫ˣ˺ЩԵģ·졣˵⻰ʱﶼЦ⣬ȻǶ̫ӺǸм
Ǽû뵽Ǹߵݵı߽羹Ȼ̫ӹ˹ϵ
ζզ
ȵǺȵͷٸϾ˵͵ıʱ͸ˡ
˴඼˯ˣҹдǣ˸Ϣ
ڼҲǿ˵ģЩǸм
ˮ֣Ҳضã֮ıɱ̫ӻһΪջ󣬿ԴĻҲǲģϸҲʳ棬ݵ֪ҲǺõģû֪Űѵĵͦ
ڼﻹ֪ôģ˶˯ſŷ
ǸҰҰ磬ھ̫ͦõġ
ǣ˭Ե;˭ǰɡ״
Сܣ̫ˣٵĸΪտǵģĻӻһ
費ҷĻֻ㬵ķ˸磬ٿǿǰɣҪȥиˣؼˡ
һ˵Ÿ磬Ƕģֻݡ̾˿
֪̾ϢʲôǶͬһģˮΪأƾʱˮ֣Ǹмģڻ֪ء
˼Щ˸˯ɣ˵
Ʋ죬ںڰ緽£Ȼ򣬲Ȼ϶䡣
˾ô˯ȥ
ڶ磬һԺ㳳ֵġ
ϴһ㵽Ժ
軹׷磺磬㵹˵ѽ
׵𼱡
˸ϡ
Ժڷһջϣ⼸ϤİջϣȻһɱ֣ȥ
վм䣬˵֣Ҳʲ壬ͼıΪݵİղܸһ𰡣ǱҪǹ֪̰ǱӣǲܷŹǡ
İնն֣һ֪Թ̫Ӻٴ˻ûʱǾһϣûÿðʳˣܳԱѽ˭ǵģ̫ѽڵȻԸ̫ӵĻˡ
ο̰ٶ˵ö֮
֣ң򵹹֪⣬ʾǰ
˵̫΢˽ãǳԺȣǴ֣Һ͵Ĺ֪һѣǱҪ
ڣٴ˺ȥ֣ҡһ硣
ҲոȾˣ磬ǽ϶죬ҲݵĹ٣һһȥݡ
Ҳ˼ţǲ֪ôˣ෴ǵĸ࣬ڷǾǷΪˣϾǳ׵ĻˣǸСˣҲŹ
ǣ׵Ͷ̫ӺϣôţԽ࣬ǲֻһ·
Ҳզ죿
Ÿ磬ǻռƻ
׳Ĭһ£ߣҲǡ
ͬ磬ҲǰɡСҲԸԼҸôΣ֮£С綼˳ˡ
˸ںͷһȥ
Ѿϵ֣ҵǼˣǱΪܳһڱŸ֣ңҲһĹ̫ӣǱҲʳȻҲ뵱˷Ǻɵı
Ҳ̫Ӹ̫ӳǱ߽ϵһˣҴ֣ҵļƺƵǧˡ
һƽ֣ң֣һǵΣ֪ڵ
ȺΧ֣ң֣Ҳݵĵһ壬ۡ쳣Ŀݣ֣Ҳû̫ܵĺˮֺɼⷿӼжô̡
֣Ҳ֪£ۡ㱻ȺΧˣǲҲѷɡ
֣ſģȺһͷֱҪŵϡ
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̫վһǽҼ֪ǰ̫ӣԽ
ǾſڣҪҪȥײš
أԼῪġ
֣Ժ泹
ˣģ
֣̾ȻԺӶ࣬Ҳ쳣Ķ࣬һЩˣǵ֣Ҽ֣ʱԺﶼˡ
֣߲ƣذǶ档
˾ŵү̫ˣ²ѽ
үҲ˶ˣ֣˰Χˡ
֣ҵСүȶˣ׷׿ֲֹ
Ӳˡ
ô졭
֣ǿȶůͣȴһ亹
ڻ´š
ѵȵĲͷˡ
֪ǺˣΪҪ֣ң
˵㲻ʲ壬ͼıǽġλ̫ӣǳ͢ˡ
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̫֣벻Զ֣һơ
֣¶һ΢Ц˵֪̫ӵԶ٣ʧԶӭ
̫Ӳͷ˵֣ҷ
֣˿ֿ˿̫ӣھͺޣôˣȻһȥ͢ǰȻ̫ӣ֪Ҳн취
֣һ·ûˣֻҪǽ֣ұᷢı֤ݡ
֣һЦһ̫ӣ̫⻰Ȼ̫ǰʱ˵껰ס
̫֪аţʱҲȡ
߽֣򣺡ղץҪЮ𣬹졣̫ߵ
ԸǸ֪Ҳץˡ
ץ֪֣ҵĲƲʳƥеľȻùˡ
Щն֣Һ޵ҧг 
ڿղݵ֣Ҳȹص
֣Ҳһһ䣬׽˻ǽˡ
ȺϵڽϽˮӣص㹤̡
طҲȥϵ²ף벻뿪ҪصǴԼüɡ

ᣬ̫ȴױŭˡ
ȥȻܶԼķŭ
һһٵ˵Ҫıҡ
̫Цʲô֤ݡܵܲͣҲܵɱԼ
ף֣ұ׽ú˼ǰ̫ӡ
£ҵȲм٣ĻڻǰӴǣŵǺô
̫ӷŭҲת⼸˲ƭ
Ͼ൱ͬʱλӡ
벻ͨľȻҪ
Ҳǣɲ谭ĵ·
˰˿
һ˻Բߡ

ǳлͶιӪҺСʹϲסôһлΪͶƱӪҺСʹŶ~
л[ӪҺ]Сʹ
ľľ 40ƿjanmu 5ƿ
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


31 ̫֮
ϻظʱҹߵſʱ, ̫ߵСѾȲİ뵽̫ڵ鷿
̫ŭ, ˭֪ԼֵܱıɱԼﶼ, ǵĸճʱʰϥϣϲϲܵܣʱôشأԸ˵, ϲܵܡ
Сʱôðʲôʱ, λҪֵҪ
С֪Լƽӹ̫ҲԼȥ, , ĺõܾܵȻ˺ݡ
ʱ㿴̫Ǹ̬ûпȰ, Ϊ֪̫Ļǲݵġ
ǽ̫ӷŹĻ, Ļӿɲġ
֪˵ֶΣ𣬱Ͼˡ
һЦ
̫Ӽ, ϰٸн Ҫıߡ
̫ӵҪка̫, оԼԴŵ, һ̲, ޷ 
̫ӣⲻûа취˿̫ҪΡ
£Ҫ̫˵ȴͰ͵ġ
Ҫô ҪĵΪ˸ۣĺõܵҪɱѽѵôŹ̫Ȼλϡ
֪λǸġҲûкӱΪ֪վߵһҲ١
жԵˣҲڻʼҾעһ
һ̫һ룺Ҫ̫ӻ
û͸ױ˵ˣϱĻˣⱲҪ
̫˵Ļ֮ǶģĹٴλȴһŹ
ֺ̫γ֪ҲֻҪһһѡҲԽʱ̫Ӻһ¡
̫׼ƣȻԷʣǱ㲻и֮ʡ
취νȻĻıɱݺǲ罫ƾͼƣ
㣬̫ƵƵͷ
ѪĪڴˡ
һ̫鷿
ĻӻΣⲻ֪ľѾʼׯȴѾ˸ˡ
һûΪZûæһӵĻλ֮·ֹɡ
һҲû֪һʧˡ
ڶ죬̫ǰ鿴ǰ̫ӴģƺƴһȺˣ·Ҫе˿
̫ߵİһͷɫ֪ǵһˡ
һߣҲʾһ
š̫ӡһȺǰȥݺӱߵ̰ԣ̰ѱˮ壬ݺжԸѰҽˮ˲š
ݵĿġ
ǵļƻѾʼǰֻ̫ͬٵ̫ҹѾ߱
ۣذѾж˰ 
˼ǧȻϻǸģ
˭Ҳ֪Ӿ´˼ıˡ
һ˵˺Ӱߣӿĺˮڱڣһȥ鲼ռʲӶ
һֱ̫ߣһȺ̫ˡ
ߵߣȺģںˮϮ߻һ壬ǿĲ̫Զ
һжûʲô⣬ƻȱȺİգĻӵˡ
Ƕһۣһְմ磬ǲ̫߿ȥû˻ǣɫƣڣݵĿǻȺ˿ۡ
ȺͻȻӵ̫ߵȻˣǻ̫ӡ
ֻȺԽԽӵ̫ӡҲŻȻһȻ̫Ӹǰڷֲ˭˭ҲôС
˺˺󡣡
̫Ӱȫ
ֻϧѾˣ˫ƵѾ˳ȥ˵ͷҲŽţȴڲ¶һݶЦݡ
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ڣ˻һ̫ӡ鼱֮ŵҲظѿ
̫ӡںС
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ϣ̫ӸŰҹ˲ЪϢ˿û̫һϢ˶֪̫ˡ
˲֪ĵطһ˰Ǳ֪ۡ
һޱڵϣϡɿˮ
Ҳ
ͷޣòԼ̫֮Ѿ ǰ˿ɱʧźá
һжļıǰ˵⣬һжǰˣ˵Լĳˣôܲϲ
ҪľǸӭͷһʱʧȥһУȤ
ЦйŵİͷԽˡ
λߵĺ˴һΪѾ䲻ˣû뵽ȻһС꾪һѡ
ң뵱Ҫ̫ӣˣҪĿ֮α̫Ǵ̫ѽ 
ֱ룬λӿǸƵģû뵽ﵨӴ죬ǵ¾ҲӦļƻ
˶֪̫ӵѾ֪λôˣһףʯ쾪
뵽ףզôأһ˸£ֻҪõ°Σͺá
һʮѹ̫ݵˮеϢѱ뵱С
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ףֵҲǰǶȥ⵱ȻĻӵˣϾڵľͻȻҪؾǣ˭Ҳ֪й 
ĻҲǻᵽǡ
ǣƹܣֱԼģ˵ʲô ˭ˣ˵̫ӣǹµĳ
Ӳ˼£һֱţĶӣĳӣݡ
֮£˰ ˹ȥ
͢Ҳǲţ̫û¶棬һ֪˾ǡ
ѹʱԲԼӾôݣĻס
Ƕ̫Ӳ⣬ô̫ӵģӴûУпʴ֮ģ𿴳̫͢ƽӹˣְĲˣأ̫Ǹ̫ӡ
ҲǴģ˵ǧŵľǾǸĵľ뽻λǷġ
̫ˣô졣
˳ƲҵĻӸҪ˵ĻϲأZ˷ܵ鷿ȥǿ飬ϻҪʹı飬ſʵΪŤڣλ¼ǵԼ£ûվӡ
䣬ڿǸʵĺöӣ´ˣýȥοԼʰ
ĵ£Ц˵ѾɹǼͬ磬硭һӡ
ĵ˼׼²ˮˣʬ޴棬ѵ𣿡
û뵽ǰĵҲݣĲôɴأѽʲôء
Ѿˡ
һЦǰ̵Ҳ˾ǣһڰȻţ֪

ǸߣŬɡ


32 ı
۾ôҰԶݵæµ, ݻ, Ҫʱ򿱲ݵ, ӾǴܹɽԼϤε˶ץȥ๤ˡ
ӾǴ˲˵ǱΪ͢£Ͽ, ʲôʱ޺ǲܻȥΪҲҪŬɻ, ˿и
ڵİոûбԹĵڽԼļ簡, ˭ҵֺ״֪㡣
ݸʱٰ̰, ٶ, ֺ, ̰ٵһǣһشǡ
λٴΪ˵ǰ£м
´ݵĽ, 
ʹԭЩҲ򶯣λȷʵǸʵµġ
Ǳ߾ŪııŪ𾢣ݰȻ콨Լļ԰, ˮ
, æ͵ʱ, ǻдŸҫh˵ÿһ⣬Ҳܿɹˡ
ÿˣͷԸ͵ȥ
Ů֮ĸҲһѧⶫͺͶһ㣬Ҫϸ룬ʱҪϸϸܳҪˡ
ﻹиص뷨Ҳϣhڶʱ˽ʹȻÿ춼ϢΪԼ뷨ϲҲС
˵ԼͫhҪһӵģ̫ķ绨ѩϣ˼ʹ˴Ҳ֪Լı仯֪ԼǸʲôˡ
ګhĪƭࡣ
ҵĽš
ǡ
˳h½յĸţŲֿ¶ѣȴúþû
͹ʱ͵ЦֻûյĴȤ
ʵ˳hûô࣬˵ˣǶˣǺܶ齻֯һġ
ȻֹīhȥţռǱߣй˼ҹ˸ĸЩ˵Ҳˡ
ⲻݣͲľ̫ӵˣʵϣ̫뿪֮ʱдţ̫ȥ̫㣬λ̫ġ
Ͼǰϣ̫ˡ

ȻĶӾôˣ˴ѵȥңȴʼûѶ
أĲˣ˼ҹ 
߸Ů٣жȴֻĸʣǹ
̫ïĻZ磬߻Ӷʮ껽ڡ
ԵÿһӶҪ
߻Ȳ˵˵ӣĸλ СĻӽãΨĻհλܽģһ֮ˣΪ
ֻ̫ʣĻһ˺ʡ
Zԭôģ̫ôҲֵԼ
Z˷ܽȴհ˶顣
ԭΪʵ۱Խˣܲʧȥ̫ӵĴZԽ˼̫ӣⳤʱĲУЩķ
̫ǸۣﻹǺںӵġ
ĶӣԼӡ
ϻʵҲ׵ģĶӺͣЩ̫͢ӵĹڦĵֱʡ
ȷʵЩŻĿѽ˵ģȻǰλӸкη
ϧѽҪһ£ϻʵ̾˿ԽԵݵӣ߽޵
һұ
ĻӸ
ZŭˣĶ̫Ѿˣλ͸ģĺøʣƾʲôƾʲôֻ̫Ǹų
ŭȥڷŭʱͨǵ飬º
ZԽԽѾ޷ȴˡ
ʵټĻӸ϶ǲֹֻһĻš
ZڱϻһģĻӸҲв֮ʿ
ǰв˵ģɲ֪ʲôʱ˸䣬
˼ʳԣ½ģᣬԽʢżĲĻţһЩ˾ô뿪ˡ
ĻӸΪ׵ģǲⲻǱżȥǵòӣҲȻȥ
ĿĻ鷿
ĻӴһƢһűЩƿƬѹ
Ļһۣ˼һת˶Բߡ
Zϵɫ
ֻɫǲãڸΣҿ϶ûŰλӽҡ
ѵ뽻Ǹ˰Ǹ̵ģ
ǻƣZŭ
ߵѾʮˡ
ȣȻⲻص㡣˵
ҿȷˣ̫͢Ǹʱ
ĸԭ̫һɵ˼Ҳˡ
Z֧̫ӵ˶ǣٰ
һЦ£ǳ̫֮ʵˣЩ֧̫ӲΪ̫ǳӣȻ񷨹涨ˣôλҲ˳¡
˵ֵЩĹٲҿĵּҡ
Z˼ţ㲻˵ҼҪˣҲԽ͵ˡ
뵽ZֳһЦҲǣϾ̫ĸңλʿɻݽܡ
ʱ˵ּҲСƣǼҿžıǲɽ¶ˮģּҲò
ZһȻҲ֪ˣȰּ¡ 
ּǾ̫ӵȡгһ֪̫ӵ£Ʊػᷴ
磬ɴǡ
ձǱٳض죬ֽһҪʱǸ  
Խϣǳ˵⣬ֻҪԼãּһ˶֮
Zһ˼Ҫ߱
Z˼뵽ʶԼĲ뵽Լñ¡
Ķˡ
һıƻôʼ

ǾԽԽ塣
ڹ˼˵Ǳ濴ƽġ
ֻǹ˼ҲЩձǱµ̫£ûд˼
˼һǷĲ£Թ˼һ˵ʵǸ޽еĺûʵۡ
Ǽʹͣӣſƾ٣һΪĴ 
˼ҶڱҲĸ飬ܻʶվڻʵһߵģҲˡ
ѽбʵЩ̫ӵӵʲô 
ǾƽƽģԹ˼Ҿ굮һҪȥ
պ
ſﲻЩƷĻ׹ݾ㶼ȥˣȻЩ˵ֻһٲʵһ
͵ģԭ˼ҲǽһԱӦúЩʵ۵ĴүҵݰЩڽﵱڻ
һ٣˼һôƹǰˣǰ˭ǲִ󽫾һ
ִ󽫾ӣϽϼɫڸȥ
ֻɫЩζӳˡ
˻֪ǴȻһھˣЩͷ˵ּλȨأ˸ǡ
ּһ˶ӲӣҲв٣˵ΪʲôǼһû˻ͽ 
ָȻʻô˵ء
ţּλӵּЩһ
ݿΪ࣬ɷɫ𪣬ּ洫Сɫֱͬ
ɺ׷ɽ˼ѣȻֽһҵȻǼֻǸ
˳hû֣ҲûϳᣬȴһʶСѾͷ뾩̫һˣģŽˮġ
ʱڳſڳһۣʱʲôû뵽ڹˡ
ܿ죬ϯʼˣҲԼүү󣬰˼Ժ 
½
ʵۣҲŲݳˡ
Ὺʼˡ

Ŭѽ


33 
ʵ۸վɥ֮ʹȻ, ߸һλòĹװ, ȥŮ, ֻ۽ǵϸƳ
ӵĸ΢Եɺ֮±ѡ빬
ˣĻĸǺ, ̵ıԼ
̫ӵĸֻʺǰ󹬴Ȩϵġ
ʵɫ, λҲҸС΢ĳŷ, еĸҲġ
ǳ˷, ֵͷϷ
񣬻ʵ۹Ϊһ֮, ȻҲȱ, λĵʱÿ굽ʱҪʱһ
̫೪
ԽϺһԡ
ŲӿȭͷС, ţԽѽ
ܽʨһֻ
ʨӣ, ʨӻѽ
˳hҰ˵ûʸڵϹ, ǵ˱µϲѽ
˼һСĴŻʵ۵ɫ, ɫƣҲ硣
ǵûʵģһڱУǹ˼óˡ
׻˵أǶԱһƬһҲر˼ҵ͡
˴ʱ㷢ֹ˼һȣгӡ
ڣǡ
ٶ׳ɫƿһԡ
̫౨꣬վ˵һܻʶƿһԣԸƽ˳죬Ĵʢ
λһֱƣĻʵۣ۹һֿۣŹ˼ϼɣҲ˳˵㡣
ڰ֣͡Ź˼һˣҲ˼˿
л͡һмл
ĿɿڴŹ˼ɧ
Խµ˵˾䣺⣬ѵǳıȲġѽ
һڱ;ù˼£ѻϺãմá
ЩҲеС˼ˣ˽ȡȡ
ȻһЩҲ֮Աǣ˼ҷ֪ˣ֪Ҳϡ
ûʲô
ƷͷţʵԼûʲôģȻϻҪֳһǮҼһϲġ
ֽ˲֧
䳪ʣԭ̨ϼ£Ļʵ۾
ֽһӱʵ۶ˡ
ֺʱ˵һۣĬĬͷȥ
ʵʱȴԽ׽ˡ
ϸѱ棬̾˿
ӣձ㵽ɣɢ˰ɡ
˵뿪λá
û뵽²һҪ뿪ɣȴҲҲӡ
ֺʱĬĬŽһأнҪȥһ㡣
Ǿ仰ֱ̧ͷȻ΢ɼ˿
Աһ۰ĬĬ߹ȥүү
á
С˵˾䣺ûµ 
ֺʱ֣㱻뿪 
Ҳϣ̫û£ŮΨһѪƽװĺĮİ㣬ʵ̫Ӻһġ
ɢȥʵԵķΧнˡ

ϻص޵ԼһĬĬ˻ᣬЩˡ
źСźš
ȫֽ˲˵𣿡
ûгΪ֪ʵҲҪ
ȻʵּţӦõģ޶ԲŶĺҲûס
ŶǻʺС塣
ʵǲ
ŲŲӣʱ䵽ˣ£ҩˡ
ʵ۶˶˵ɡ
һڵ˲ҩű˹ˣ˲䲻ֽ׵ô
ҲСʮˣҩЧҲ
ʵ׺һСڣζʵڿɬ
ְϣ۹۱Ǳǹģ治ˡ
Сţ£Ⱥ˰ɡ
ʵѣֶ
ʱͻ
ʵֻԼ۲ѣһӴ롣
ˤ˵ϣŰĭ
æ£ţˣˡ
̫ҽ
ܿ죬̫ҽ˹̫ҽСİ
˵ж
ֱˣȻ¶ıϡ
ǲȥҸ㣬һڻӹ
ʵ¶Ǵﰡ
ܿ죬һڹԱ˵ϡ
̫ҽҩﱻ˪ڱֻǺһСڣּʱֻ֣Ǳ飬Ҳһ㲨ˡ̫ҽ̾˿
ȻҲ 
ҩҪ˱µڱûꡣ
Ҳѣֻһˡ
ĻҲ֪ʲôоʧ䣬Ҳ˿
û뵽С˾Ȼôصҩ
ֻ⵹ּңҪӵ 
̫ˣڿΪԼã
û뵽ԼͣӶ˽١
ʵ⻹ˣԼĺԼҲݶԼھǣϼҵϢ㲻ʡ
ҲΪĵҲûʵҩ
ˣôĿĴ 
Z񣬱ʹ˸ڸʲ¶ǳıӵ
˵۾ͨ죺λˣһҪ˾
俴Ÿ㡣
ԱҲ𾪲ѣĻ˱̬ĻӻТ˳
ЩԱɫл̫ӵZⳡϷûа״ 
ǣҪҳ
㿴ĵһۡ
˵ŷ
ŷսս˽
󲻸Ҷ࿴æڵϡ
ߵǺ
һ˲ӣ˵عĻСˡ
ðԭ㣬֪ж±ºĲ֪
ǲǰģⲻһץץ
ϲԷֺһžջ
ŵöҪˣıʲô尡ȻӦϵĻĽ
ûˡ
˵Сԩ²һֱڰΪͨд֮᪻С򲻸ڱ¶
ʣкβͬ
ʵ˵š
ƴ˼ɶһɶһ
ˣǲΡͻȻһš
ۼѰķչZż顣
ɿ˵˵һϵһûС
ҪȹӣֻԭŹ˲β֪Ϊˣ²ϲá
ǡ꣬ǡֽս˰˲Σ˲ЧǿСС뻯
ģ²ǻģҲ֪õʲôΣ㵹˺ð취
ĻСˣС֪¶С򲻸Ұ
ZȻɵģôˡ
⻰Сӣ˵
ֻǸСЩ껹ԼͰɡ
ѽӺѽƽȥϰ 
˿֪Сʲô޾
һ˵Ǳǲˣһּ˴˵⻰ŹĽҲȷʵȨ 
ﲢּҸɵģϾһһܲˡ
ֻҲûֹ Ļӣһۣ˵
ĻǰֽǣǾͿ˾ҪʲôϷ

һصԺӣ濴ƽ棬Ժȴرš
һ˷ɿ߽Ժȥ
űϢжԡ
ʲô˸¶Σ
˵һƽ
ѾץˣҪֽץ 
⹫ܡ
УҪ
£ɣҪ̫Ϣ𡣡
̫Ҳ֪أǿֻҲƽ
Ը챣ʣԸΪʮꡣ̫ӳ

޸


34 
ּ˱ ˵, ļǱء
ֺʱɫ̹Ȼ, Լүү, һﲻ
ҡ
ʵжǳҵĲΣкλ˵
ֺʱƽ˵µġ
Ȼ㲻ˡ
һȻûִ󽫾˵Աֱ, ˣĪΪԼ⼸䶼ᡣ
Ա, 볯Ҳ̣һֽ֪ǲмЩġ
ʹʵڴ, Ҳһۡ
Լүү˵, Ὺ˿ڣҩҲϲ˲ϡ
⻰˵, , 
ڳ˷׷׸еּۣһһѿеӲͷ
֤ݶָǣ֪û֤ݱּ޹, ֻ
˭˵û֤֤
˵ſһֱڵµСǲοѡ
Сæ𵽣ǣѡġ
ʵѡġ
⣬Ȼǡ
ڳ˻֪֪ʲôϷ
ֻиЦЦ
˲δ
ڳԸΪ, һֱС̫˲
ɫڷ֧˲, Եӵ, ֧һ
λ
˵űһ֧˲ΣţԱߵ˲α档
˲β޴¶ôѡڲأ 
Ҫ˵ڳ˶ΪּµĶǿɲȻֻڻʵδ
ڳ˲ɵӣȻ˴ˮּãû֤֤ǰ£ǺҲû⡣
˵ףǵĹٵͨǽͷһ㣬ӲӥͣǴҶ ҲǶ˭ӮҾ˭Ļ
ּǲ֣ǲ̫ܣֻҪһӮˣǱ֧һ
ȻĻץסЩӵģȻгӶ룬ǸǿɾأδһıŴء
Ҳеǿ˼ء
Ҳ˵˼ηϻάƽȵɫ˸ʵƤ¶˰֣¶ǿҪһӵġ
֪ٵĵһҪʲôģҪѧء
λ˽ʱҴһԭǻʵˡʵ̲»λƵĹϻһĸܵʵˡ
ʵۻӿ̲֣ȻһûпԼĶӣҲûпŵĴ 
ǿǸѮȴɽ˶ˣͷںڣϴƣԵ༫ˣȻȴ֪Ǹʲôӡ
ʵһᣬЩСίǸ⧲ҪһɲǺ۾סǱڵһɤӿڣҪԣŲֽ 
һ䣬Ūڳƿԣղ״Ĳ ˮҲˡ
ͷ˾»ˣҲҪˡ
Zǰ龰֪ǸҸû»鹦ܴɡ
ԼаɣZɫһ˲ֻǵûҪȥοĸʣʣû°ɡ ˵ȥ
ʵջظղŵİ˼һ۾ͿĶӣٿڳˣЩǺԼҶеġ
ﱯˣʹԼ޹ ҲѽѲ˸ϵ
Ȼ̾˿û˫ֻ֡ǵˣ½ɸ飬°ɡ
ڳ˲˵ȻҴɳƵֽ ֪ǲǵĴܾ⼸˵ıζ
ϸϸƷ𣬸λˣøˡ
뵣ǵĿүүүүҪһͬȥ
ֺʱȥڣȻȥ˻һû㡣
ͷүүǣߵ·ŷ֣үү˵ ǣϵˣ
ֺʱǸɫ·ӽŵδһ˿һ
ҲȴҲʣϹϾֽ뵽ڵ
ʵڶһҩ·ӣֻǶҲϺȣܹܶҪˡ
һζȰ£Ҫˡ
ֺʱڵȴûǰ龰ţֻվҲ˵
ʵ۽Ǻü͵͵ƲȥûƵ 
ʵۼ޶ԵӣԽϺҩȻСƢƵġ
ܹۣƢϺҩĻ
øȹϵƵģҲֽȰ˵Сű£ֽɲǼ򵥵ŮĹϵ
Աѽʦุ
ʵˣƢСƵġ
ֺʱޱ飬ȴ˹ȥһٸ¿λı£˫ۿλҲӣûڴʱָλֽĲǡ
Ϊڳ˶˵ŲΪ֪Ľš
ãֽ˿ӹԱ̫֣ҩ룬ݸλ£ʾȡ
ȫûҪι˼ȴѾˣԹԵҩ룬һڿںȵ
ԾЩı»˻ֵȥޣ뽫̸ܹܰڳвǸңǲҶʣȥ
ʵ۳վͼһӣֽһ𣬿ίʵ߹ԼֺʱʵڿȥˣСʱǱ׾ģΪ˻ʵۻЩû뵽ӡ
ʵֺǺǵĿֽǰɫǺܺõӣֵùЦûôˣ¡
Цһ뾹ֿ⸱Խˡ
ֽĬȻõҽȫ 
ʵһᣬʦ㣬ԭˡʦ˶ֱ
ֺʱҲֻ֪ǻȻԭǸСѾôˣžҪˡ
ʦԭ𣿡
ֺʱ˵һ䣺£Ҵûк޹
ʵʱȴЦһ˵֪ԹҵģȢŶȴȥ̫Ҳ˵·˵ȥ
ֺʱŮв۱ô룬ȷʵûԹ޹¡
Ϊô￴أ
ֺʱĬҲǲ֪԰ɡ˵һ¿ڣŶûֹ㣬ȻһԸŶԸģʹ粡ţ޻ڵģδԹ㡣
ΪΡ
ҲҲʲôأҲֻǲŮѾ뿪ϢҲˡ
ֺʱع£Ҫ壬̫ĿǰٲǱӰɡ
ʵ۷·֮ʲô˵ʲôֺ֪ʱȷ͹ˣѽ롣
̫Ѿż
Եⶾҩ̫Ӱģ̫ӻţֻǲѣѾ֪ںδ
̫ӻš
ֺʱʵô˵˿
ʵۿֺʱ㲻ңȴǺԼģҡڲҵĶѽ 
ʵ䲻֪ǰʱǲĻӸɵģĻȴѲ˸ϵ
ֺʱ
̫ƽӹȻҺŶĶӣȴٴϼ̳ŵ㡣
˵⣬ʵ۴ȴطһĿ⡣
㣬ʲô˼
ֺʱ̸дŶŮȻȫţ㣬£ǵСʱ𣿡
ʵ˿죺ԣղҲҪСӺõɡ
˼̫ӲõȫŴҡ
ֺʱҡҡͷֻ˵̫Ϳ̫ˣ̫ȻûоγصĲŻҿģѽǱ渡ۣĵס
𣬻ʵʣҲ룬۲Żõģ˵ȥӣΪҪŻͺ
ʦһѪʵ̾˿
Ѿ֪ôˡ
ֽһҹʵ۵̸˭Ҳֻ֪ǵڶ㷢붼⧲顣

мᣬҿԵдٿ
ƪĸúСʹ˵һǸҲҪȸ
ҷǳóʱҶ̫ҿ̨ ڸĶԲˡ
ллЩƪģ۵ղعҵСʹǣΪʼǶƪڴģܱǸʧˡ
Ϲллǡ


35 
ڶ죬ɫ, һӽڸĴȻĻӸ
ĻӸ˿, һ˱ȥ
ĵ¸ȫߡ
Щ˻, ôĻӸ˵£ǷӦ ֻǽҪˡ
µƨܼҽŵǷ˭
һ˵ȻǱµּ⡣
, ȻǱ¡ܼĵãǱ˻, ɱһ·ûˡ
ĻӸȻаЩ˽֮, ˱ȥ֪ͨZˡ
ZҲܰ, ν̫죬ѱ, ϸıδزӡ
ֻ²ʱ䰡, ĻӸһĻž㶼ץ
ľսĵĸ ˲ٲΪ˵£, Ļӹһȴ޷֮ذ
ˣȫˡһѹZ, ԿĳZҲǴҴææġѹ˹ôǸ, ûֶ, ֻѹܡ
Zɫţ֪ĸڳ˴ԺڣĻһ⣬ȫץ
ǿ򶨣̫ˣǷ˭
վǰȻǱµּ⣬θҽӸء 
ԭǸʣʱ˺εȴ󣬾ͷǰ
㲻ߡֻZʱ˵˾䣺̫δ
ȻԸZɫ־弫ˣЦһ 
ZҪͷ˵ʲôȴѹŴˡ
ȴĽҪΪԼ󸶳 
һ죬˶ǣǵĻӱѹˣǸıʷһ죬ϧڳ˶֪ 
ĻӱͷѹϣZڵϣǳ͢س
ZĨ˰û뵽ZҲôǱһ졣
̧ͷʣΪҪѹŶʲô𡣡޹ˡ
ʵޱ飬ûϴ𻰣ֻǴԼӣû˵һ˵Ĳ֪Լʲô𣿡
ZֱĸʣĲ֪ԡ
ʵȴĲ֪𣿭ZҼĶӣΪӣڻ֪ڸأ
ʣĲ֪˵ʲô˼
ʵҪ˵ȴû뵽ĵܣ֪𣿡̫ӣZԤϣѾֳǰҲǳһ˵ڳˡѾڽϵ̫ӣȻֳǰβǳԾ
ڳ˼θ̫Ӿôˣس˵ǰѸţǴһ̳ˣû˿Էϵġ
̫ӾӸµؿ˵ôĵǲϣ»𣿡
ZǿЦ˵¶ܵΪ㵣Ĳء
̫ûлشĻĸʣһ۹صˣȥϣһ·աҵƽ¡̫ɳƣ۾ĸʡ
ʵ۵۾ҲˣŶΨһĺӣȻƽп𣬿Ҫ׷ͺڷˣܳܵס
ʵɤӿڵǹµĺöӣͺãͺã̫Ӳ˲վδӽϻ˸ʡ̫ƽվǸٺӣҲ޷ŹҪˡ
ZΪ⣬ֱ߽УȻżǶô򶨾϶̫ûָ֤֤˲ѾɱѵûаĻȥӵù׷ɱοֻ
ɾԩˣĵ£ͲǼͬȥϾֻ˵ȫģôһѱڱǲһĸֻ֣Ϊ˻ţ
ֻǾǰҲˡ
ԭôһ£Ļǰ ΪŰ裬ȨӪ˽ĻӸһͿⰵƽһĻŹŵģǸĻţǲΥµֻȥﲻһĸˣֻͨİˣû뵽ôһССĴȻͳ棬Ҳ֪ǿЦǿ̾ˡ
һżҸԭһ˭һϰأ˺һֱ󣬺̫ͶϣҲûϵ˶ɺϵһ顣
ǰһĺñ죬Ҫ´̫Ӹܿ˶Ŀûҵᡣ
Z֪ȥǼģĸϣıɱ̫ӵҲ㲻ˡ
żҸǰϸĽʵۣZڵϲԲ󳼷׷ײĿû뵽ĵ¾ĺ 
ʵ۹ȻŭZﻹûʣҶĴ´κ һأǲǶҡԣѾˣжѲϵɣǹµĺöӰ
ƽٰݣԭҰġʵ۷ŭѣóⶼļɻʵ屾ڴ˴󾪴ŭ֮£Ȼ˿Ѫ˹ȥ
̫۳ʵϣæǰȥٹҲġ
ۿˣǲȥˣֻǱˣҪ̫־档̰ѻʵ̧æҽ̫ҲҪæȥȴǰĵ»ڵء
̫ǸʣֻҲ޼Zؽ㸺ʣҪһ䶶ɾ
ĻӱѹȥҲ˵Щֻıɱ̫һ͹Zˡ
̫ҽԺ̫ҽΪʵ̫ӵƫ屾еֶҩȻ඾壬ֻǵ׶Σ󾪴ŭ֮£Խˡ
˵һֵԺԴ¡
ҽ⻰˵ڣɴҶɵ˼Ǳµ壬ԺǱˣʵʵá
̫ӿڴϵĸʣôĸߴԽĸɽͷ׷һнľ˰㡣
е˿־壬ʲû˿ԹԵģ˶˵ĸޥģƫƫƽӹܣǿżܴܵʰѸĿ˼ܵܣжʱĻӶв̫ӵĵλԹġ
ٶԹ޼Ҳɢˣ̫Ӳһ˵£һڵˣǵЦοභ˵ĻǴĸ
̾˿ܹܵúչ˸ʣЩܹܵͷ

ղһ飬ڳĳ𾪲ѣЩӺĻߵܣı̫Ӻͻʵ۵£򲻿ܲ롣
ڲٵģйģ֪ڽӣֵܹ˭أҪ־͹̰
Ļѳɰܾ֣̫ӺʽǴһʵۣ˼ЩǺĻߵýæųϵ˳ʹһ˴ùϵ
һʱ֮䣬̫Ӹ˳ݷõĵطǳĿŵȥӸȻҪʷ¼صûҪᵳӪ˽̫ˣҲֻ̫ΪΪ˭̫ء
һĻӱץϢǣﷲеϵ֪ĻӱץΣǰĻߵý˷׷׼нβͣҳš
˼ȴһЩ͢س˵ǹ˼ҿǱʵ
˸һµС¥ڣ˳hؿһţʱǴЦʱϸü΢壬ġ
»ÿ춼ҪдţŪù˳hҲҪÿţ÷ţ˵ܡ
֪ڽϵ·Ҳ֪ԼС÷룬ѽЩȤȻЩΣյ¡
hǸµĸ󻨣Ϊ˷ţЩͺá
ÿͨŹ˳hҲЩһ㣬·Ǵδֿ
˳hţСԺ һ˫èƵèӷֻ븧ƽ΢üʵ˳hҲ֪̫ڽ̵Ϣ˴ȥ֣ôܺΣء
ֻԶھ޷æҲֻÿдţƽƽ
ǰѾ˵ϵˮĿǰȻֹסˣȴǼȱʳ
Щ˳h۾һܰæˡ
˳hһ˲˷ҵ
үүǰ˵ڼ̻ءû˼̻ھҲУ˵붼̻ᣬЩ׿ǹ˼ְ·ҵģǱ֮Ⱑ
ⲻ˺͹ٸ򽻵Ҳأڣ ˼̻˵ûû˵ǻ׷ٶ 
˰ţö֮˼ǿͷ

һշƱã˼ҾȻҪʳϣԼ軹پڵڼҡ
ϢЩ۸ڶĻ׹ЦѣȻΪ̼ңŹһ˿һ档
еô룬Ǿǰ֪ǹ˼ʵʵڵ°˼һٿɲˣǷ׷ӦԾΪģݱΪϯ룬ֻ˾裬ͨƽҲ¾·ⳡֽһ𣬸ӵļ̡
̫Ҳһרŵƹܴ£ǲʿרŻЩʳǰϡû˸Сÿÿ˶ǵھǼ¼˽ЩںδҲҪ¼
̫Ϊⳡϯľҵչˣ̫ڰյҲ׬˺
̫Ȼǲ˾ʳȴҲûǽϵˮ֪ͨˮѾֽ裬ڽϵļ׷ѰҺõĵص㣬Լˮȫáʱʹٴˮ֣ҲΪ塣
̫֪ǧ£ˮǹ


36 
Ļ֮»ûҲ˵Ÿոտʼ
Ļһھݡ
Ļ뾩ڼУвǣ̫Ӱġ
ĻӸڵ˽֪ȥ, һ, ϣܷŹǵļһ, ˸ûʲôΪ̫һֱӲߣն˵Щ˻ϣ̫һ֪޲ԡ
һӿɲ, ʮҶĻǣаĻµľȻ, һŪþĻ̡̻Ще飬ɻʵڻڴ, һ̫Ӹ̫ȻûзŹһ˼, ϼʣֻĻߵý, ֻʩͽ, ǲеģǾŹ
ڼңĸܱ֤Լװףıƺ, صĵһһѡ
̫ӿܱðѱյˤڵϡ
һģǴӸͻѽǿɲ, ҪҲǰ , 㱻˹
ֻѹյһ, 뻹ǻԼ˻
ʷת˸䣬ڲͬʱ䲻ͬľŤתǰĴ룬ʹɣϵĳ͸һ˿ǣϣ
̫ȻûĹǵ˼֮ΪҪʡ̫ѧķֺɻо仰ɱִֹֻ꣬ʢ
ǣģȫϲ飬ĸ游ĸ ̫ټķŭˣһݣæȥˡ
һɼɹľǳ͢سǻ׹ݣֻҪΪһ䡣
ıֻ̫˵̰Իӣеӵд֮һӿɱ˵ˣҪסˡ
ЩУɹȻǣУǣóҳңռռ࣬ټһϦ䡣
ӵǵܱ˵ɹһ㶼⡣
常˶ûѧĴԸ±˰ɡЦһܱ̿ȼĻţĵԽ£˲ֱӡ
һ𣬽ǰ룬Ǿһ̫õξ㣬Żҽ
Ҳڴҽ

һʱʵšǰڳ׷ָ˵ǰĳˣⱲԼγǱء
Դ˳ȥۿѰҺʵĵص㡣ÿ쳣æ㼣Ҫ鲼ϡ
һˮҲŬ½ˣԴԴϵʳ׵ϵݵʼؽ
ȻΪȥʹϣģֻҪ㲻ȥ޵ϣᱻܡ

ʱҴҶ
ϾתǻʵΪԭһֱ£̫ûеǻȴͬʵɡ
ڸŬ£̫˸ǰϣƱؽϵˮ׸Ρ
ڽ޽һˮˮ֡ϵİռûвʶģڽû˵ʵ۵˭Ʊػ֣һǹ˼ңһ
˼Ҹ轭ϰʵʵڵĺ£ڽ޽˶Ժ̻ＯֿϵİնǸкøУȻٴɫ࣬˵ǸʵµٽϵĴԹŮɶˡ
ֻ׽˲֪ٴɫ࣬Ʋ飬ÿ䶼дŸһС΢Цˣ¶ɣӢĴǲǻ˸ˡ
ŵĹٲ֪ٴ˸ϳȥģÿղǸǵĹ˼ңżǵ̫ӵ¡
Լ⣬Сϣһ㣬ٴһ㣬˵⣬ڴ֮ɲκ䱦
һͷһ㡣ػ飬֡˽ϣСֻһˡ
̰ӹ۲飬ż̵ĵ̰ӣţʱûȥء
ߵ¼Ѿ깤ʣµ죬Ҳʱ÷ؾˡ
ʣ˳С
ߵûп֪ͨκһˣֻǴе뿪ǵߵʱȴְѾۼˣǽϵİա
Ƿ׷׵˱ذ
ٴ˻Ҫϰ
еɳƣۿ졣Ҳ龰Ūﷺ
ĬЩգҲУλôˣĬӣ˿һŹֵľ󣬿˭Ҳûдơ
ǻ˻֣ͷҲ߽ϣǰһƴþòɢ·ǱͲʯУһӣ顣
뿪ˣǽϵİղ
Ǿɷɾ˵ò˲ͬɫ󣬾񼫼ѡ
ִﾩʱͣڳ⣬̫ӭ겻̫֮ȸӳȣΪķ緶üĿһ˿ɱ֮﹬ٸСλ̫ӵ¡
Ǿ˽һ⣬̫ӷԽǫ̫ӱӭȥٹ١
Ƕļ仹ͣڸ״Ԫ֮ʱǸĺٹҲϴһˣеĲʶᣬݿ̫˿أ㶼ԡ
ЩϹٸ֪ɲǳ͢¹ôˣԺҪˡ
̫Ҳڴֹжȣ⣬һֱͨš
˵˵̫ŵˣϾû̫ӻûصǻδ֪
̫һס֣жˣΪ硣»ȥһָףʱ»оϲ
һȺˣ澪ϲʲôȵл΢Ҳ
һ˺ƺƵ˳ţֻǽʱλٴһҾ¥һۣһۺֻģֻһ˲ջߡ
̫ӭٹ٣ոǼеӭҲλٴˡ
รٴᣬҼССأôǰ 
Աߴһۣٴ˲ֹкǰأиòأҲֹļҹ˵գ̾˿ԼСˡ
ӣ쳣ϧѽҪŮ꣬ѽ˲ˡ
Ա˸еЦǴҲ˵ʵѽ
ҡҡͷ
һգٵǰкŮһҲλ²Ӱ
˵ΪɶؼһԼҶӱٴ˻һأպΪŹ켦Ƶ 
ݲȫͳƣһշͥҾСʮ֮
Ҳӵϲˣ֮ǰλִ󽫾ռŵ 
¥¥˳hջؿߡ
Щǳ˵𣿡
˵˵С㣬ҿӣȻˣղһ۲߿𣿡
ʱ˳hǽո綨˰䣬ʱڼ䶼ˡ
ֻһŮ˵ٴò˰˵ոڿ𣿡
ҵĻˡ
һŮˡֱԣΪٴڿңϾҸոճˡ
˵ʲôʲôʱ򡭡
ؾô
С㣬Сڴ񣬼ѵ³˾䣺
ҲȷٴǲǿСˣΪһСµĺѾߣĵȻ˿ľСء
Ȼû־ˡ
˳hˣСѾ߱סСµĵһѾߵ档
С㣬үͷҪȥ磬ʱܿ 
˳h¥ͻȻֵ˺ö࣬˵ԺȢʲôɩ 
룬ҵСѽ˰ǿСˡүͷ˶֪ˣڹҲСŮ
СƤأӿֵĥˡ
صۡ΢һ͵俪硣⸮̫ۡ͵ģ־ΪٸλھǶ̫ӸԶɼѡ֮ĵġ
ʹڵƻͨҷ׷ЯҾǰָڼûʲôᣬʵԴҲôٰᣬͷһ⣬˸ҵķî˾Ưˡ
𣬿ڳ˶ǳġ
ôһǰ;ĿɾԼŮֶŮŮá
Щ۾Ź⣬ŪڳԱ˸£ףоġ
龰ʵֵͦģϯλȾƣżΧǳЦ̸ⲻ֪һ鷺͹Ĵ⣬Щ˺ƶǰţʱʱ߸ǡ
˳hʱôһţܸоﲻԡ
˳hλ󣬵˳hǸ˴ûпЩйȴûջߺ˻ؿһۣ׫ȡţڻص䱦ߣȫȻڱصá
ջĿ⣬ۣԼٵȵȣܿˣŵ
ۣ˿ת˽̸֮ǰѡͬڶҲĽѡͬڣѾǲλãǣҲʲֻЦˡ
Ὺʼ̫̫ӽҲΪĺáԴǰһĻйˣĿǰ ҲСҡ
Ļӣ±٣Ȼдֻ̣ĽڻӸȻӵķҲˡĻô˵ܱɱܰ 
ϡ
̫ӵٴ˹ּ
½ּ
ٴˮй ֱס֮˽ˮǧΰҵչطΪţΪ衣
ԸΪն
ڳ⻰һ䣬ڳ𾪼ˣ֪̫ӶΪ⣬˭Ҳ֪̫ӾȻΪͨľλɲһǿһķصģǾ޽еʹ͡
ڳڳ˼һ˭Ҳҿֹ̫ӵĻյ̫ӿɲǸųĴˣĴ
Ҳ⣬û뵽תȥԼǱүֻǳƺǰͬ
裬йɱζڣɶػ֮⡣
ԸΪն 
̧̫֣ʾŴµ׺ףԸǵһҴ롣˵գЦ
˹̵ľƱһڳҲոȾϵľµĻ
⣬ʢ
ڳ˲Լͬš

ллСʹǵĶģлѽ


37 
ݱɢʱٴ󳼶ȵ, ٲ˱䡣
ҲûٺȾ, ˿, ҹ죬ڵҹɫںڰ
վڹſھţżǰ, ҲЦŴк
˳h߳ſʱľݿϴ΢Ц, ԶƹӳԽüĿʡ
˳hһ£һԵİ, ǵ, һˡ
ԶУ̧, ΢΢һЦ, һ̺һţ
˳hһ, û䣬˳hš
Լĸ˵ʲôŹ, Կ˴˵һ΢Ц, ˴, Щ ޺޵ĳۡ
͵Ц֪λδΪʲôһȻˡ
˳h˵Լĸףֲ̫ɹԼ˵ϸ׺˳h
һֻȸԾСڼ˼˰
Ҫ˫֣ð䱦ӵ뻳Уסˡ
ܹСΪһ¡
΢΢ֵĵҾܲ
žƺɳƣҹɫԽˡ
˳h鲻Խ¶䣬ŻСͨĶ䣬Ц
ֱѹ˳hЦͨ졣
߳ŭᴸһ£Сŭ۾ָ۸ҡ
ֻߵСè䣺潿
˳hֱըˣ۸˵˵
˳hָδһ۸ҡ
ǰСڻڶʱ̲롣
ǲУδڲԶ
Լ顣
ǰС˵۾𣿡
ߵСèͷ磬㳤ˡ˵űһĲࡣ
ԭֻôٵĲ࣬ôˡ
ŲЦţôhûкúóԷ𣿡
˳hûУ㳤̫ˡ
ҹɫСｿߣһ˳·ԼԶκ£˸Ҫڣκˡ
ܣҪƲסԼħǸİܻǰ־Լ
СǰڼҸ磬ͨŵӡ
֪ǣӵ뻳ÿնֻܿһ뵽СԹԵÿյ³סΪ׼ĸ㲻ӿһɳ嶯
ʼ뵱һӣΪķˡ
Ҳҹɫۣڣh㣬Ը⵱𣿡
ģһƮɢĿУӰ
ɹ˳hܵûˣһ˲Ĳš
ܿ죬飬ҪؿڣڣŲңҡ
ǻû˵꣬ס죺ҪڸҴ𰸡
վǲİֻǱһ϶Լ⡣
˳hͮͮģ㶵ͷ
Сɵɵӣ̲סķ˿ůĴУɫ
ڵˣ廹㡣
˳hӸղһֱһִ㶵ɵɵͷ
ĸȥߵһʱ̲סͷǸվҹɫؿԶȥƺػֻֻǼ򵥵Ĺ
˳hˣҧ촽ĸȥ
Сڸĸߣֱջߡ
ɫɣ˾䣺Сɵӡ˿ 
ҿǶͼѽҵ̫ðҵĹ
˸ĸŮ⸱ɫʲôȴ˴š
˴УðŮ޸һôʸ֦СŮ˴벻ôˡ
΢ɢ˹˳hϵ¶ȡ
޸տʼǲŵģǿ˵һ鳤Щ˵һߵĽɫǸ磬ÿͨţ˼ʱ֪һиȤ
ɵӣ
˳hϸ룬һֱûΪӣãΨӡ
أܾˡ
ӣΪŮԼװ㣬ٰü
ôã׺Ҳһ۸
ĳ˺˲ǰָ۸
˳hôţľ󣬺˿ֿĳصĽڴһС
˳hʶԼ뷨ʱ˶߳ܣԼ˱ѸС
ȢˣԺͱŮԼʱã־޷ܡ
һܣúõѡ񣬲˿ų⡣
˳hպڴϣ鲻ԽסС
ְѱ£ŶԣҪԼ𰸡
κģ룬ĴѾ֪ˡ

գǸմӽϻ̫Ϣ졣
ǡǡϴĻƽڣǲ˵˸˿ţ˵С͵ơ
治⣬ŵ𣿡
˴˳һۣڣզ겻Ҳ𡣡
ûף£ǳΡã˼ˣ⵱Ů
۳Ҫᣬһˣ⻹
ûѾ߱Цء
˴˿ԽԽ⣬֪֪ףû߰£ˣҲԶŮºһǳżһš
ؼҪԹŮá
˴˵ĸ⣬ҲԸͷˡ
λǱߣȲˣ˵Ϲ˼ҵĹŮء
˳hӵѾ߿ţȻҪȥġ
˳hҧŴ߼ˣɽȴҲһ
һᱡ¹ȹӣƥɴǹ˴ΪԼŮģΪʵᱡΪɴ
ڱķ»ȹӣﾪ̾С㣬
⻰ɲ黰˳hţֻҪһЩ۹ܲ չвٷҹ˴̸
ֽĵС˭ϲ
˳hžеԼüԶ죬һ˫èƵ۾ɵģֱһƬС̺죬ǰˣҲһͷ
ţλк˳h
ĿһϣĿ
˳hĿһ ΪԼﲻԡ
˵˾䣺hÿÿ̲סڼκ˿
˳hСЦˡ
ЩζĿһСŮĴײҪˡ
˴ˣ
һ䣺ôǱ
ǺǡжŮͼ˶
λкЯ˳ȥ
翪ţϴùңսʱŮҲ𿳵Ůλ͡
һյյĻƹڽͷ洦ɼŮһͬ͡
ϲҲϲ˳hʶʱ֪
˳hһǰͼ˵ٵĵطߡ
ﲻ֪ʲôһëɧš
һ֣󣬵hһֺη
˳hʱߺ컬࣬⣬ǰ̫һˡ
֪ʲôǲΪʲô仯ôţ
˳hȻ˿֪ǰڶŪɵΪʲôѽ
Ʋһ۵ȻΪҲ
˳hˣ
˭ɽеľ𣿡
ҪݺһͷȣСͷϴ˺üΣࡣ
ڿʲô飬Ҳ˭
Сɵ㶵ӣЦ
˳hӣ֪ǱŪˣǣĺϲ硣
ʻˣȺѾкüҹ￴ˣɶˡ
ȻôģǣĻɡ
˳h롣
Ըġ
СһҲԼЦůůģԼūhҲʱ̵Ƣ
֪ϲСʱæҲֻ
ȷʵѾ벻˴ˡ

ٺ٣С̫ĻˣӦö̸̸ɶ


38 ǻ
ⳡƻ쳣ʢ, ̫ĳλǼΪѵõˡ
ҹɫˣ˳hž͵ƧٶˣҹĴ, Զ˸
һԳһƬ, Զϡɼһ˼ӿĪ⡣
Ĭڱ˴֮ӣҪڴ,  ˳hһֱͷǲ˼ֻıҪ˵ʲô
ԶһֻῴߵС, ͸Ƕ, ԿСĽë˸ŲΪ֪¡
쿪ڵh𣿡
ģķһɢ, ʧҹɫãС
˳hͷø, ʵ˲һȴù˺ܾãżСӿ³һ֣š
ŷ·Խǰ, ҵս£¼įҹ, ϡ
·һ˲, ֺƹ, գգ۾Ʋȷh˵һ𣿡
˳hǰ˫ӣᶨĿڣҹ˳hԸ޸Ϊޡ
ȷʲôһ㣬գգ۾ȷڸһӵҸĻᣬʹҸ²ŵִߡ
˵Цһ̵˫񣬹ʶˣǵģ˳hѾȫȻİȴһ㲻˻סˣɫˣ˳h룬ҿƲס
ʵЦԽԽܱżС˴Ŀ⣬һЦ
˳hҪߺ
ǰĹӵ뻳У˳hһһŵĻ
ĸߴĹｿС˾һӵ·ˣǶۼĬң㡣
˳hգգˮ۾һ̣ͻȻЩᣬǰˣҲ뱧һ
˳h֣Сĵӵǰˣǰ˾ҵܵΪԼһ仰ȸԾ飬˳hҲˡ鲻ԽԼؿڣ˵Ͷϰɣ롣
һֱǸ˷ӣ⼸ȴԼкܴͬɹ˳h룬飬Ľܣ˵ֻҪһ֮¡
Сķ˿еĲǰıȫԶȥֻдʱáСķſǰĹǿƽ飬еĹͷ̲ס߶Ūôˣҵīh𣿺Ǻǣ
ɳֻù˳h֣СɵĶ䶶˶ѵС˵ԺҲ۸ҡ
Խôߣһ̽ǰСĵߣݣΪ򲻽۸㣬ᰮ㣬ĹܼҴȨҲ㣬ҵСܼš˵һıӡ
˳hʱˣ۾㲻֪ţһű˭Ĺܼţ
ëhˣΪĴ
İĹﻹǲ֪߼ˣҼ£ţ˵žҪ˳hҪ
˳hԼæˣˡ
Щֵ㣬㣬ǶûгףŲҵķء
Ʋһۣ˼ſڵԭhȲҪ޸Ұ
㣬㣬˭Ҫ޸ˡ˳hԼСˣǰˡ
Ҿ¶һұȢؼңô
˳hڰ£¶ˣֻвʱ䡣ŻÿɲʸҪĲʱ䡣ǼŰ췴Ůᱻ˿͡
ȻίС
˳ḩģֱӾ˼ҡ
һС֪Сʲôããұȥҹҡ
˳hźͮͮͷ
֣Ժ򲻿˺ˣҪˡ
⻰һ˳hˡ
Ц
Щˣ˳hЯȥϵƻͨżСڽһһС˵˵ʲôһɷپ
˳hڽϣģߴСĻԱߵĹǹż̧ͷ˵ʲôǳЦ·̷ƲһԶ۵ģһأɲŮò

ڶ壬ȴȵ˹˼ҡ
˳hȻûڣεĿ˼ҵλµġ
һţһ۱ֱȥ
һ˵ʲôֻ壬ҵϣh÷λǧ˳hңǻ
ɫУʼǱһɻع䷢ģһҪȢıŮﶼ᲻Ҳ֪ŮҪˣʹ˲罫һõķҲȷǸõѡ
⼸չ˷˴߷磬ҷϴԣŶǴϥ̸ʹ˴˲ڳδŮĴףŮһӴܡǹ˴˿ûؿȥ
˴ԽԽ⣬ЦŵݣǿųģhӺãɲ۸
hҵۻθ۸
̼Ĵ飬˵ԼŮզͲӦء
˴⼫ˣǰֵҷģԺh㽻ˡ
Ȼ֪ʲô˼ʹ֪λһӦhΪӣģǰ棬Ʋסϲ
壬ұش¶Ʊ
˴˺Цѽ
⻰˼һ£ϲĿڣ
һ ôӦ
翪ţֻҪǶЩҲƽ
ڣ
˴˵ѫhһꡱ˵꿴
ȴh±ǼڣʱӭȢh
ЩԾô죬¹׼𡣡
˴ҲЩŮɲܼ޵ôæ
ȴ¶εţ̫֪ڻδףҪ¡˵̯֡
⻰һ뵽ͬţǱ߲ٴġ
˷׷Ҳԥˣ׷ױʾͰ°ɰͦõġ
ԣԣҲࡣ
Щɻ󣺡ɲί˫h𣿡
ȣᣬhļױǴ׼ˣԤء
˴һ첲һ£æǣҵ˼֮ȫˡ
һЦɬҾͷˣëhίͺá
˱ˣʲôһСѾǰ̫үϷҪء
Ҳ ӵճУǺദˡ
ͷ
̫ү͹ϷѾ£һнɹ˴˴һɹ
λ˶ԼŮ쳣۰δŮȻҴ
վǲλ˴
Ϸ⼫ˣϷǹӵģŶҸ޺þС
˵֣˵˳hˣԭǸСŶҪˣ˷˶ٺλǹϷƫ֣ÿչ˳hǰȥ밲һһĸΣһһ޵Ľš
Ϸ֣ãͬˡ
̫үﾫˣڼҼԼҷ˵Ļ˵ҲҲǴСģ޼޸ҷġ
˹˼ʮӳСڹȫһͬ⣬ǶʾԼСŮŮ˺⡣
ţһ˹˸֮пνض飬쳣⡣
ʱ仺ȥǵ˶֪Ǵ³һλܰհٴˣĪֽкá
Ҷ˭ҲûţǾǵ˱㶼֪½ҪȢˡ
С㻶ϲأִѡǱˣǹ˼Ǹҵǧ
ϢһǾһ˵۾ǴֹеС㣬ѻǺҧ־
ҾԼ̫ˣ׷׾ŮҪ磬Ǿǵڶǰһ޵㷢ԼýŰΧˡ
һܽʮýţǰż̤ˣִ󽫾ϵ˿ż̾

ǿǳѰ֣ϲ¶һһ˵ҪȥȢ»ʵͻȻλ̫ӣһλʵ۶ˣǻλҲҪʼµļꡣ

ˣллСʹĹۿౡ


39 Ľ
µ۵ǻ, ͬ, ӭµˣλͼεĵ, Ҳսһ߷塣
̫ΪĸȻ֪ҪȢ˳h֮£³ʱ˽ټ
ǰŲֲù¸˵㶼Ӧ, ԭ˰
Ϊ㲻Ůɫ, 
Ʋһεĵ¿ɻ£΢Żؼҡ
ʵӵɽ̫ƽ, ܾĲ, Ӧ֮
˼Ƭ̵, ֻ߽Լ
ʵ⻰, һ˼Ȼڣ˵е, ûǰշĵԼֺξ
⻰ֻһο, ǸǰƣĴǿ׳, λûǰκƻҲҪиĸ
, ˿ǴĶ֡
δʮ赣ǡ

ԽˣѸԶڽϵռȥš
ЩӷԽæ, δ޻ǰ˼, Ǵķ, , ֮ΪΪʵ۵ĸȻҪΪŴ¡
ʵ۵ԭ˵ȥ죬ɵȲ뽿޷룬ǰȥ죬ǵصʱѾ˹˳h
ڲδ죬ֻǹ˼뼸ĳһٷˣϾٹñǳףҲѹͷ
˳hڲ֪ʲôһղδ޼浹ǲñӡ
˳h۵ؿЩˡ
ȴգҲգĿŹ˳hĻŵ˼㡣
㣬ҡ
˳hһ˲ߺգϰļ񻨶Ҳ
ߣؿڵѵȲҵˡ
˳hͷһӰС˵Ҳǡ
ĺƴţһ·ƣȫʧ
һ˫۾ĶĵŮҧŷ۵촽Ӳҧһӡ
ȥ˵ҧһ۵ġ
˳h촽ָܵ¶ȣŵɿݣǰķ۴۾ī鲻Խȥ
˳hһûҪֻܿǱسţһ΢촽ǰ˸ӿ籩ļǡ
һǱϣ˶ЩɳƵԲ¶Խˡ
˳hϼ۾գѽգĲ˵
ҵɡ
ǰһ죬˴͵͵űҹŮķСĵ
׽Ů˴ߺһסɬֻһС¡
hҪϸʱмǡ
ĸŮţ˳h۾ߵͷ
䣬˳h㷭ĸ׸ĻᣬֻһҳСУ̫߳ˡ
ǲУ˳hס߳ܿ˻ᣬɽò˯š
޶żȻ֪еĵûо飬Ըhܿ࣬¹ѧһ

ʮ˼Ȣ
ױϸΪ˳hױݣһ£̾ĵþûôεŮˣүи
ԱߵķЦˡ
˴Ůϸ׵СҪΪޣΪľͽһ仰ίţǹ˼Ҹء
һ˵˭֪ԫhһƬ۸ˡ
ѽѽ
ʱ
ǣŮ֣Ѿ
ŮӺ𣬲ңǰŻ⧲ɫ˺ٲ˳ؿţĿһ
˳h·ҲܵǹĿ⡣
˸أ΢ЦȴѾһ˳ֻ֪ŮĻ񣬲ñ֪Ĳ
ŮֽԺҪ໥֣úùӡ
Ĵİɣ
Ĩ˰ᣬŮô޳ȥˣôܼ˵ͣ᲻ð
˴ְ ǿס
ԱߵĹСҲ۸ҽ㡣
Цͷ
ǣŹ˳hֺ֣СЩʪҲڽ롣
ϸ룬Сĵؽ뻨Ρ
ǰӭŵǹ˳hļױĶǴٹˣױʹһռ˸ǵһ
˼ҵļױѽ
ǿɲǣ˼ҾһŮƱء
ǰǰɲ֪˼ССиأиˣ˵˭Ȣиˡ
Ļ֮ԺиҲգ޸ҲãҪˣ޹
žһȦٸ
˳hɻǰӵոˣռھֻռҴүǶˡ
׷ΪռҲɡ
ռҵһ˵ȣվûΪԼﵣģȡ˳ɼοļ
»飬ռ˼ָϵ𴦡
ǳ͢Ĵ󳼡
λǻˣʵ֣Ҳˡ
ʱ
ǣźһǹ˳h
һء
˰ݡ
ݸá
޶԰ݡ
ɡ
붴
ڼ֤˻
ӽǷޣأ빲
˳h붴кͣ˸ҹλүľơ
·ڣƽһΣ־ȻڷͣǰϢƿŽȥ
·һڷˡ
ˣˡ
ϲСĵͷʱֹͣˡ
ֻһ绨¶˳ؿš
ԱߵЩүǿˡ
ôҲѽ
еЩ˲볡ˡʣµı˵Ķʱ䣬Ѿ߱æȴָ˳ȥʱ˿ֻīh˾Ķȹ
ȼţƺһƸ˳h˳hȥȴ֣ơ
ֱ۽ţһ¡
Ŀһ㾫׼Ŀİh
˳hصͷ
ںл𻨱ѵԽԵڼž˳hԼЩܲסȵĿ⡣
ãҹˣǰްɡ
˳hССĵţ
һҹֵǧӵŹ˳h齡
ʫҹŻǧ䣬ꡣ
һҹ꣬κĽޡ
ںᣬþòϢ


һΪµСԺһԼĪкˣţһĸԺڣֻɫ𪣬ԴŮĽΣɼ˳š
ͻȻѾߵүˡ
վû߼㱻ӵ뻳С
նû㣬ţ
ǹ˳hЩֵɹˣ϶
Ʋһ۵ֻһӱգι˳hϲӶ࣬˵ĵڶӡ
Ϊ½ң뽭Ϊء
붼֪ΪޣǸˡ
Ҳŵԣ

ϦãӵŹ˳hϼڵh֪ж㡣
˳hĻشǱûаȫˣҲǡ
ϦһӵʱҲΪͣפ

һ˱ѣҲɶ㣬ˣҰʤҵ
ݸ磬ʹҲ۸ңһ㣬㣬㰮˳h
ȫꡣ

ˣллλ飬СīhԶҸȥ
ҲףԸҺʹһֱҸ
ллǣ
±
Ƽ¿С˵ɷɽ
䴩ˣζӳ£ϲˡܲô㰮С˵ֻһӵڻҡϹǼķɣСɵӽޣʲôŭԹľ顣
ܾ
ϵͳף߽Ҫء
նҲ
ϵͳӲõģӺԱ

ۺ᣺ҾԼһ¡
ޣһվڽ˵ˣһţֻǰ˲һԼǸͻȻˣɢâһᣬʱοӵtmǰʲô
ΪڰԼˣû뵽
䣺ֻ㵱ֵܡ
ޣֻ뵱Ϲ
һա
ݿҡŸ߽ű˹ڣ˵۸㣬ţ
ҧ촽ûС
ü˵ڶ顣
̤С鲽û߽㱻һס
䣺ӣ۸ҡ
üˡ
ӡ
ˣԡε
ϵͳ
ԾžŵսԺˡ
ϵͳˡ
һ
յĽŮᷴɴС
50½
