˽ޡߣ
İ
ںVS
ҳ+ʳ+̡
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äƼޡ
»鵱ڴߡ
˸ߴһǽӲġ
ͷ ̧ۡ
ͼ߳һͷˣڵţЩ¡
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յͷ
˻ųͷĺ󱳱ˮȫʪ˶Ըڴɻ³Խ⡣
ͬ˴Ȥ³ԽŻؼҼϱ
³ԽЦֻĿڻȡ
ʱʱżԺſڵĨٻӰ
ϵĶҲԽԽ졣
PS
1.ŮǴԽ˾Ŵˣ벻Ҫùִ˵۹ҪŮ
2.̤ʵûвȺãӶ
3.ŮָɻҲ
4.˫Cʳ+ճܰ+
ݱǩ ֮ ʳ 
ؼ֣ǣ  ǣ  
һ仰飺˫˫Ѽ
⣺ҪԼ


1 ˮ
峿ˮ塣
ոĴ˼ҶûѣżȴĿšɨ߳һʱȥĲһ꣬Һûʪ̫Ĳ񣬷ʪ񲻺ȼ緹͵óˡ
ﱧ˼ϸ˳ûӵȼһֱŲվϵﵹһͰˮ⼸ԽԽ䣬һ͵ðȫҵˮá
ˮ͵æϡˮ緹ϰϡͷֽڿ죬һʱ緹ȫԺҲʰĸɸɾ
ֱʱľ˾˶Źº;ĸϲŴӴ¡
ϸŴԺ￴һۣѾʰ׵׼ʼϴ·ʱһͷһ˳ȥ
ﰡ
ͷĸ
˵Щôôѽ
ϰԵЦЦ˯ţԺ󣬾ͳ
Цеģ˵ſ׻ȴ˿׵˷ǰԴŮ˶żңûһԭΪɻЩֲڵ֣ȻЩϸˡ
ʮ⣬ϡʱ֡
ôͬǸɻ˼ҵ־ͻǰװۣһ˿·ûأƲƲ죬ð
˾˶ŹҲ
˾ˡﺰˡ
Źµ˵ͷԼŮЦЦˣ³ԡ
Ӧһ
緹Ǽ򵥵ϡͷͽˣϺϲˣԼҲԹȴһֱζ
һҪ˳ǣȱʲô𣿡Źʡ
ں࣬¡
ȱһҸһӣյ򡣡
ĬĬû˵Ź¿һۣأʲôҪģ
ЦҡͷʲôҲȱл˾ˡ
Źµ˵ͷû˵
˾˶ŹˮΨһһˮ;ýţҲһʱЩҪСޣȥ鷳ֲģŹΪΨһһţĻƣȻͷϡ
ĸϳֻ̻Һһһˣż޸˶Ź¡
緹󣬷ȥˣԺϴѡ
ҪôණŹ½ӹϵĵӣü
ϵһۣȻأڼ죬һãɱˣϾ붬ˣ⻹ûأ
Źüѵ˻֪ˣ²õģȽ˶£峤ᷢġ
㵱ֵǵ⣬ģ껹ڣ㻹뷨ȥﶨһ㣬Ȼ궼ûԵģ
Źһ£Ǻܹȥʼ۸񡣡
һصǰͷŹ¿һۣҲٸԼѵģһӶʮˣУѣҪжĲϾ͸һЩǼҴˣһ
ѶûС
û˵ԹԵͷȶŹߺЩķҵĽӷ£̾˿
ŹҪǣ緹ֻˣվɳһ̰ײ˴һһͷִӽ̳ҨһСܲˣкϳԷ
ϴӷߵǰ˿ϵĲˣײǶٶٳͣɷ˿ױ棬ݷʾӽȥһ˿ůůθ緹Ǻġ
Դﵽ˶żңȷ˲١
򵥵ĳײ˵ԼľǼ򵥵֣ܾͨͨһζ֮ǰɹֻ֪֮ͻĲˣԲűһİײ㡣
ԭҲ˵˷ѣʵǾúóԣѻ˻ȥֻϰߣһǴꡣ
ҳˡ극ϴ룬ԼСӳˡ
ȻŹ½˳ǣҲҪԼȥӵļйһ䣬Ҳǲòĵġ
ĸЩԺſڣϻͷŮ֮ǰĴ£һȸ˻ķ٣ѾͷȰǰ˵㣿ѰţǸøƥˡ
ԼԺӣûþ͵˴ڣˮһͺԼýȥϼ
ϼҾסڴڣ˴һͬϿһϣ̲ס⼸ƤϸһЩĨʲôöˣ
ϵЦЦĨʲôＸͭ嶼ûУ쿴֬ͻ¶ء
ôƤԽԽãӺҲЩ
ûɻɡϵҲûڡ
Щˣ׻ﰡҴ˰ɣ
ϣ³ġ
ӴȷʵˣԴ֮˲١
ЦЦҲɣŸɻ
ĽҲʮ˰ɣôһֱȥ
⻰˵ϵĿϣƵ̾˿˲֪ɩģҺ˾˶˵ף˵кʵѡ
ѹֻ֪µʱ˾ȥ˽˻һŲ֪
Ͽ˿ܣС֮ǰǸĵɽȥˣ޸һͷ򡣡
ǡ
ûʲôȥڶ죬˾ˣЩʳ⣬һɽһʮŮޣʱҲ۵Ļš
ϣɲءѹ֣ס˴꣬ҿ㵹ûʲôԹ
ʲôɱԹģܳԶ٣ɩ˵ĶԣȥҲǲеģ˾һ׬ǮģôҲҪһˣѰ˼ţ޳ȥҲãɩӣʲôѡ𣿡
Ҳ˵һ£׵˵ǶϤҲҴţ˵ʵһװ׵˼ǲ̫ˣ
Ψûļҵյģأ
ϳĬˡ
ǲ׵ģŹҲͬ⡣
ɡ
ϣҲҲõģҵǿ԰æȥţһ㣬ǻƻŮ𣿡
ϱסˡ
ϼ㲻˵޹ȥʱ˵ڶǵԲ˻ûԲܹؼģֱӾδȥʲô˼ҡ
ü⣬Ҳʰ
Ϸ˸ۣǰʣڻҪ޻ˣĸզˣ
ϵͷҽȥʡ
Ͷˡ

;ҲԶǱˮҪԷһЩסڳǽ˶Ϻϵʱ򣬼Ѿɽ˺
ҵˣãڸɶϣ
ϼҲ˺Щˣͷһμĳ棬סһˣʣǰɶأ
·ˣ³̿ҵѸǴأȵȵã
ѵģǾǸ³ң
ɲǣǷ̣
ϣѵģҲȥǼҵĹҲˣҪײҪ
ϣҿУ
˷ЩȺߵǰ棬ǰһˣ죬ֻһӣʵ׳˶ĸ첲һһµţ
ûôֵˣЩµĳһЦ³϶³Խ³ԽҪ
³Խʱ̧ͷŨüûʲôı飬һǰֽͷȥ
á
˲ЦֽŵһֱϺ뿪Ҳûٶ࿴һۡ
ϼĺ£Ц㵨զôСûô͵ˣ
ϣҼҹǶŵˣҵȷġ
һ߽³һЦ˺תȻ۾һˣ³Խﲻڸ˵ﲻã
סˣ³Խ
Ǹˣ
˸ղ˵ĸ첲ǱСȶ֣æҡͷаɣզء


2 Ůʮ˱
ɶеģæ
³Ǹ˼ң³Խܸ׬ǮǼǸ³̫̫˵ǾһЩ³Ǯ³Խڼ϶ͷǸǿׯģǶˣ³ԽӰʵ̳иҵõӪ޹ȥԿģ
һԵľͽ³ҵͲһ˵˳һ
զǼҵ˽ô
εЦЦⲻǣǰҲ˵׵ȻΧ˼Ҷ˽ġ
Ϻɣ³˵ף
֧֧ģһʼʵĽҲˣǣ³Խڶϱ˵ģϧǸϱã޹ȥûվˣⲻ³̫̫ż˵
ϾȼˣΪ³ǼŸ³Խ˵ڶû뵽ɵˡ֪Ҳʣɴͽе¸ϡ
³Խǲ̫ãȷ⡭Ҹظ˵ʮ˴ģûб³ҸʺǼˣ¶㿼һ£ԵĻԸȥһˣ
ԥˡ
³Ǯ¶Ȼ֪ģҲ֪Ǹ³̫̫ʮĹ³ûּң޹ȥˣĻģ˵
ȰǾĸֲΪ޾ͲˡԺ³ңͶŹµӣ𣿡
ϳײ˵ˡ
Ҳʲôʥˣļ޵úãȷմ⡣
һȥһ¡
ϼ˿ڣæЦúҲȥ̽һ³ҵĿڷ磡
ԭɢϻؼҵĽų̶˼֡
-
ȫ֪Щ
ߺһڴɨ׼緹
⼸ûˣӦûͷͲΪ̨ǰ𣬶
Ĳ˷ȥǴײ˺ܲҼһôԣʮ˵ķӣܽƽƽܲҲͬζҲһֱûбԹ׳԰׺ȵһɡ
̣ϲķˡ
ϻʱԺĲѾŵ룬Ѽȫι꣬ҲԺɹţѲһȦ˳
쿪ˣŹ»û
ĸǺˣЦеģæˣҸ㳶Ĳ
һ㶣һӳ˳֣ݡ
Ȼû뵽ϻϣϷһƥոµɫϣЦ
ôһֱҲû㳶ѣǾĸģҪҲǰ˾ͷҲţ־ĸ
ܳĸ˵ﻰ
Цʵѽ㿴㣬󲻹Ҳʮմĺ͸һ˵ȥҿءȥ磬ѣѻɣУӸ㣬ͷҲһᡣ
һ˵һߵݸһֻӣﳤ
ôûйΣһĸ;˾˵ĴѾˣЩ򲻸Ҫģĸջȥ
⺢ӣĸûʮҲа˸һɣţ
ȴǸƢƴǣ˲ӣ˵ʲôҪ
񲻹ɶŹʱˣҲֻա
๫ˣ
ŹһţϾķԼɷƺɫЩԣתͷȶ˵׼ɡ
Ӧһ߳˷
ôˣô޾ɡߺߵŹʵ
Ź̾˿ȥʱ˽ӵˣ˵ǾǽԤһټ˽ӣʱ⾩ܱߴĺӣȥǱ߶顣
һټ˽ӣȻǹټҿģôֽ˽ӡ
ŹصİһĽзˣ˵ǹټҿģ˭֪Щֺ̼͹ٸֶΣ׬һ͢ĺˣֻûǿˡ
ǡǴҲȥ
ǹټ˽ӴźͷѧѼ벻˵ͣ˵кˣѡ飬ˮ壿
Ϻԥǿ϶Ǿѽ
Ź£ǲͽˣ㶼׵ĵҶס
ʶµɴۣ˼˵ѧҪȥˣǡô죿
Ź£ǹٸȻ۰ѧãֵõǣͶֻŽȥء
ɫ䣺Ǻá
ŹΪ³һ·ѾһʼôأɫѣתȥȰϣ£ͷȻֱֻǷǽһѧզôĹûô졣
Ϣ϶׼ȷġҪ㰡
Źµͷİɣ˵ţʹӻͳһӵݸϡ
£û̫࣬´ȥɣǱҲɽ˺
ϼˣʲôⰡ⾰ǮŰɣֻˡ
ŹüڰɣϹˣ𣿡
ҧ򣡽ϽҲ˶ʮģء
ɶ˶ʮģ
ϣﳶƥ˵⣬þɷ˵£ϧտڣʹ˽
˾˾ĸԷˡ
Ӧһ˳Źµӣãһ극ͺҽݣ˵¡
緹ͷ̲˺࣬ȷһⶼûˣҲûзӱóԵĲɫϽһ仰û˵һĳ˷ߴɷ
Ź·˿ӣϽݡ
Ҫ˵ʲô
ݣ˩š
˵¡
Ź£զˣ
ҽϺϼˣ˵
-
УŹüͷƺЩӵ飺³ʲôҪȢ¼У
ѽ𼱣һס˶Źµӣ˵ֲǲ֪Ǽ⾰꣬ʮõ޳ȥ󣬼޸˼ҵ𣿡
ᵽңŹɫѿˡ
ǸˣȻ޷ԼŮȥ˼ҵ檡
֪˼Ҫ֣͵ùǸĵĵƧȥҪи֪ڹʲôȻǲסǼҵģǹһӲˣ˾˵ģҲݵģ
Źԥˡ
Ҳ³ңǸ³϶˵ģΪ׺ǼҵĴԾ˵б۵ģⲻС
ϣɩӺҶ˵ˣ˵˼ҵһϱǲģڶǺˣǺ˼ҡ
ҲţŹҡͷ
Щͷˣ˵￴ʲô˼ң
ŹƽʱͷʱϻӣޣʵǸ׼İҶ䡣
һɤӣһ仰Ҳ˵
Լ๫ˣܺ϶żҵˣҵŰɣ¶˵˲㣬ȥȥ
ŹûסѾ˷ţܿ͵ķ
ոϴֻ꣬һ¡
ںڵĳ˳ϻδɵˮ飬Ͻʱڴ齱ߣһֽŷ¶޳ĲԲԲ۲ԣΪཱུġ
Ůʮ˱䡣
˭뵽ȥʮʱǸɱݻƵѾͷѾ˰͹µŮ
϶һ˲


3 
ĸϣеԾ
ЦеǰȻߣӹеӣĸͷ
ͦȣҲɿ֡
ƣǼͷãֺܣǰ˵ͷиˣ
ЦЦĸ˵ЦˣʲôĸͷҲܺõģи
Ǿͷ֣꣬ûڼסĻһԭǣ⺢
ϵЦֵĸ˵ĻҲ˼֣ĸˣⱲҲˣ˾ˣԺԼĺӣһӾܿͷ㡭ûиԼѽ
㶡
ϼ֪Լ˼ҲˣԱһӡ
ﰡҲʮˣĸˣ֮ǰǸĵɽû֪ĸ㣬ûټˣ
･ͷҡǲü޵İɡ
϶˶ţʲôôһ绨ĴôͲüˣֻҪͷĸ͸࿴ȥ
˫־°ڣãһֱĬԡϼˣȻϽĻһ˴ա
֮ǰĸиҪ㡭
̧ͷ峺ξ
㡭ȥɽ֮ûС
ϴյߵＸ䣬һ˫۽ɴ󡭡
-
һ磬³ҵĴžͿˡ
³ھǽ󲻹ҲһġĽų̣³̫̫Ļ˵ǣһӵĵأǮҲҪھ˼˵ĵطסߣ
³ҽҰڳǽԺͨ͸ԺӺ滹һ˵أԺɢļ̺ѼӣһֻյĴƹſڵҡβ͡
ϴ³߳ʱ³ɵϱΤͳģ³ҴǾһҲׯƹϱΤҲ̻ﶼ͸žΪ˴ȴԲϳʱЦıȻãˣЦȴˣתݡ
³̫̫û棬Ժϡұ׵ĺ͸ͷƵģΤϽʱ̫̫Ӧһˣ
ˡΤߵ³̫̫ߣҲҪѽ˺üˣţҲܲǡ
̫̫һܣûµأĻ˰ɣ
ΤϱҭҭƲƲ죺ܶ˵ʲô
³̫̫úֱʣýŸղ˵ɶˡ
ᵽ¶Τ˾ǰ³̫̫ǰһҸˣ֪˵ʲô˼ңŹµŮǶŹ֪ɣˮǸˣ˭֪ǸŮ˵˾˼סģһŮˣ
³̫̫ü
Ů
ǲûûûױ
ǶŹǸԼûһŮأҲŮ
ʲô
˵˵Ǹýȥ˵ǷͲУҶûͲǼţΤıԹ³̫̫˵ˡ
ˣ
ΤϱһҲ֨ˡ
ɵ⡭Ů͹ŮɣؼǣҪת𣿡
Τϵ˵ˣ³Ҳ˭ܽģתˡ
ǾУȰ˼ɣˣأ
Τϣһͳȥˡ
ӣҵĶ̫ˡһҪ˵һϱ
ΤЦЦɲɩҲ 
³̫̫һ⻰ɫȥɵ²ģĲԼĶӰɣ޹˻ûţˣ
Τϣ
-
Ź´ӳʳ߲ˣڳڲֻܲͰײˡ
ɢͽϸͿһ˿ͣһҨȥһתһһ״Բļ͡Իѿؼã÷ʱһ涼ĽԶŵһɵζ
Ͼѭζˡ
ѽҵүãҸԶżˣǰĸ䣬һأ
һԺˣæ˲ִӳ̽ͷʶģ

Ҳӷڳˡ
ǼԼأ㡣
ЦûԷɣһɣ
һˣҲŹҲ˳ϣ֪զˡ
ȥţ
ͽŹµ˵ͷȥ˳
Ƕ˵Щ˼űһƿˣŹ¾ͳȥˡ
Ǽϡ佴ˣϲĽˣҲȻ޲ڣͲûˡ
ЦЦ˳ʣȥ𣿡
Ϻ˿ϡȥȥˣ
ô˵
ЦеģȻشңʵǸ¶𣿡
һ㶣ʶĸ⣬Щǵ˵ͷ
һ֣Ĵȣ¶ܳɣ
ôȷ
ҶǸ̫̫˽ģԶϱҪһ˼ңڿܸɻ˵ĸ㣿
üʲôһƻŮôò
˿̸պôӳ˼űϿһʾȥ
˳񿴹ȥϵΧȹԭѱճ֫ⲻϸֲˣСѾͷݣĵطϿһ죬ϲסգ۾˰ɡ
ϵͷһ
³ҵǡ̫̫űأ
ɲ³ҴɵϱΤϣҾͼһ˫۾ĺͺƵģʲôð
ˣһŮûУɰ̫̫ˣ
϶ˡ
Һ³˵ˣһ磬ȥ򣬾ϴδĵط˼˳ѹȡ
ϣôҸط࿴
Ӵ̣㶼֪³Խжæһ굽ͷͿأͱ˵࿴ˣ͵ȥ̹䣬ҲȻЩǣ
룬ôӦˡ
-
ڶһ硣
ﻻѡ
ѾƥɫĲģɣһҲĹϸʵʽȻйоأǶ˼ˣһ磬˸٣ϺͶŹǰһ
ƣ˵ʲôţǼҪ磬ÿ޲ڣǰȵס֡
ζĸû㣡
ʵżҴ꣬ˮٵÿſˣҲϵĹͣﻹЦЦллĸ
Ź¿Լ绨ŮҲס
ǳˣסˡ
źϴųš
ˮԶһ·߹˵ܻᱻһĨµ
ǶżǸŮ
ʲôţ
ﲻϰ߱˴ȴ̧ͦͷ
ʲôʱһ³ԽҲ׼ͷأ֪һֱųųģȥżңΪ۸
򴽣סˡ


4 ࿴
ɺ֣ȵһҲ¶֮ɫÿ
ЦЦ
ھҪʽ࿴˵Ҫһ˼Ůͷμ棬ֻǴһԵ
Եȥȡ
Ͽ˿ܣø첲ϣ³ҵأ
ϣ̫̫첡ţŶˣ¶Ҵϱٳţһ³Խ棬ΤҲҪġ
ЩҲʱѹȥ
³ſڵˮйͨ͸ȺϡԼ³ԽӰӣϸԼŮʹɫһ죬̵ǰ
ƶĺȵʱѾȥһĹ³ԽҲֻһӣվǰ棬ͷ󺹡
Ҫʲô˴ָµɤǽš
ҡȡżҵĹ
Ӹղż˵ʱľͿʼðͷҲ̧֣³Խ̧ͿһССӰվǰ
ͷһɫСаΧһкγĶԱȣ³Խһ㶣Ժϡǵϳʱͳɩƺ˵˾ʲôæųţ̻ʵĳ緹Ǿ仰Ҷˡ
³Խʲôͷ˲ĺ³Խعһ˿գţת˸ݵǰ
סˡ
Ĵö࣬Ŵ¹ֳֺǶżҳһܵ
˵ĺСָû취ѹץס򣺡ò
Щˣ˵ֲ͡
;ĸ˽¶ıʣȡ
ЦһļҵСӣòһҪҪ㣿
˲ͨ죬û飬һʱ֪Ǻá³Խ⻰Ŀˣ³Խʵˣͱ졣
³Խ£ȿվ
æͷӶ˳ȥϺڲ˲Ծ͵ĴȣѽˣҪĹһˣòģ
Ҳһ㶣Ҳ˵
˶⵵£æͳ³ſȥáһã
ϼǰ棬ȻͿһ޴վڱϣæǰҲ˿ĸ
ǾĸĲǡϿǿڹȻһ̧ͷ³Խһۡ
ȻҲЩˣ˿̼վһߣֵ˼ûУһʱɫ˳
¾֣ߡ
Ϻò׼ͼߣûס³ǱߣΤˡ
ȻҲոոϹ̲ס˾䣺³ԽոʲôأҲ˼һѣ࿴㲻֪˭
һ㶣漴üͷ塣
ΤϺһ㶡
Τһѣɣ㲻ǰ¶˰ɣ
³Խûѹûȥ
ĴȣЩͷۡ
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ΤһʱҲ֪ôˣ³ȻŮݣ̫̫ŸȢϱ˼ȴеģæ³Խɣ׷ȥ˼ǡ
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³ԽľͷΤ˵˼䣬ɴཫϵĺһӣȥˡ
ϺΤ˴۵СۣΤûĵ⾢Цɩӣ㿴¶
̾ȥ԰ɣ
-
ߺΤƿ˽ȥ³ԽںԺϴ
Ҳ̾ߵ³Խǰĳ
ܣɩɩ˵㣬ǰǶ㽻զģ
³Խôʪĺ˰̫æˡ
ΤЩ
ղſŮûоΣ
³Խû˵
Τϼ𻰣˶ţûｻѽ
³Խһ£ͼǵһĨ˫޴ŵС֡
С
Τһ⻰۾һģ
ϧ³Խϧٲ϶˵ˡ
Τ˽ƺ«һĵܵܣ˵С֣˵¶ϷϾһ̫̫һ磬֡
ΤԽԽϷæͳߣһȥ˵ȥձˣͬһȥżң
-
ͳˮߣǱ׷ˡ
㡢ǡô
ûĵһۣ߿죬ű³裿
ϵֲһֲֻͣİţڲڣᡢˡ
˳վһߵЦЦҺĸ˵仰ţȻأ
￴ϣϲԸĵ˵ͷ
ԹԵĳǰߣϺԭվһ
˵ôʲô³Խôӣߣ³ҵ˾ˣΤһⲻǣ˵ԼǺ³Խк³ԽղŸ֪˭
⻰ɵĿһۣ˵ģ
ϣƭ׿ȥ³Խ֪֪࿴
ϺһŽɡ
ǣҲ˵³ҲĽף¶ǣҿˣ
һ⻰ˣһתҲ֪ϵ˼ģˣҿɾȥ³һػˣ
ϵһۡ
һЦˣ˰ɣһ˽ˣҪӲҲҪǿɶ֪Ұţɱҡ
˵£ϵŭڽɢֽס𡣡
㲻˵УΤϸղ˸
˵ˣ¶ǵĲǣŸǵǸأ
ϱͷɱˣܲ𡣡
Ц治ͷҲ˼첻ǼҪҿĸ˵ʲôûãһ˼ϲأ
ɴתߡ
ǰ棬ĸϵĻҲ˳ŷʱʱƮϺܿ׷
ĸ
ϣ¶ɣҲˣ˵³Խ֪࿴¶ô
ǵͷһһ̧ͷҶУĸɡ
һ㶣ô£㿴˰ɣ
ˡǸˡ
ûмôǿ׳ˣվǰһǽ
оΣ

Цˣĸ㻹ʲôʲôֱ˵ˣ³ԽɣЩˣֻ̤ʵܳԿġ
뵽ǻ˵ĵϷôǸҲΧǽӵͷƵ֣С
ϾЦˡ
˵оУ³Ҫţͱˣĸ
-
³Ժӡ
գ³̫̫ڻһЩڿССڳΤϲ̵Ľ¶˵ˡ
ģ
ԼҶô˵³̫̫òеıһӣ
Τ˫䣬æͷ
³̫̫ǵ˵ǰһʱԼֵƢԣҪЬµء
ŸɶԺץһֻĸҲˣҽȥżңǸ


5 
̫̫ҪµأΤסˡ
˵ģ
ϻ̫̫ǰղ棬ò׼Լӵ⣬òиܿ۵ģȻҪȥһ
̫̫һߴЬһ߳ߣճԺţͺͻ³Խײˡ
³Խһ
̫̫üЦˡ
³ԽĲۺˣ
³̫̫סΪ̫ˣ۶ˣ˵ɶ
ԭ³Խһ⣬һĺ⣬治ɫ⡣
³̫̫һҭ֪ܲ⣿ɶǰ첻˰𣿣
¶̫̫;ˣԼֿ񣬶ȴʵǸģҲ֪ɱôˣһ¾˰Ȼɰ̫̫ģͷȥ֪ɱļĸˣֲУԼҶĴ󷢣ˡ
³Խ˵³̫̫һԲƺ«ӣǰʹ˴ĸ첲˭֪³ԽһӲҪûǰԼָˡ
³Խǿ˿ڣ
񡣡
ĸ֣³̫̫ԭء
˭
ΤҲ˳ǵ⣬˳ǣܵ˼ǽμѾͷˣ˼񣿡
³Խһ
³̫̫һ⻰ղŵ˲ɢģǸǸģôϲô
³̫̫ԼôԭֻһǾǸ·ƺ«ôһ̬
³Խýͣõ
ԭûġ
Ǹ˵ĵЦΣ¶ûϣ˼ҵӡ
£Ҫ³Խ֪

û
³̫̫ѾԲһϷֱЦЦЦֳʹæס˻һ
Ȼûȥɶżҵģ̫̫ҲûɱԼҶӶ⣬ĸûҪˡΤһɫ̫ÿһֱҹĻ٣߹ţ³Ҵɲſԡ
զǣ˵࿴ͦ˳𣿡
Τϵ˳ɶɶûǵ£
³ˣզôϣ
Τúͣڿϴŵһûȥˣ
³ɣǺ˵ˣׯǱµ߲ڿⷿ
Τȥšͬӡ㣬һ˵ȣô
³ˣ˵ˣ
ΤɫŹһ˲ûС
ôˣ
ΤҲ˵̫̫Ҫżɱ¶֮Ͳʹ죬ɴݺݵšһɷĸ첲ǰȥж˵ˣҾҪǶಹһԺȺ̣ﻤĺʲôƵģ˵ҪɱһֻҲ
ϣɵĻ°ֻûһƲҪһֻȥˣ
ȻʧЦ
ΪС£ڣ๫һ׬Ǯ
ΤЦǹ׬Ǯ󲿷ֶڴˣ㻹˼˵
³ûּң³̫̫ڻǹܼң³ɲЩֻһ켱§ϱϹȥΤϣΤһʼԸ³ɺҪӣưͣ˾ʹ˵ơ
-
գһ;׼ʵҲ൱ڰȷ³Խ϶ɿˣΤҲĵš
Ҫ³׼ңﻹ̵ġ
Լʰȥķ䣬˵˵ȥҪ³Խôڲ֪࿴¾Ϳˣ
ԽԽˣһˣʹҪﲻҪùȥϡ
ﻹܾϰסĺӣܾ
ĸˣֻա
緹ûã³Ҿˡ
Τûֱ³̫̫ǵš̫̫ˣǾ˵ʮϷ˽ݺŹ¡
³̫̫Цţһһ˫۾ûͣżҼҵȻǱȲ³ңԺǸɾ࣬һǰϣʰģɻ
ϱ񿴵Щü³̫̫ͱۣЦԺӲһڿ˼ң
ϱһ䣬Ҳʱûˣѽ衣
ֵʱ³̫̫Ҳ
ò衣
³̫̫Цĺƣá
Ͻӹ豭۾ȴǶ
Ǹ࿴ģɲÿϸЩ﷽ǰˮС¯һǰ͸ۣһϸûһӺͰߵ㣬òû
Ҳϰ񣬷²ˮת˳ⲻתҲͰˣһת̫̫޼ɵ
ϸϸ˳·ʱη£̫̫ûĴ˵ãֻǰӿһջߡ
ûϣȻˣ뵽˵Ҫ󣬰ˣ࿴۾Ͷ࿴ۣ̫̫ǸŮģֲˡ
˵ˣϲŷ³ԽȻûҶأʡ
³̫̫عɤӳ
۳⿴³ԽȻһֱվԺͷΪʵס˾ûߴ˾ȻЩŤޱ飬ϻһ⡣
³̫̫ЦҼƺ«ȥ֮˵ǶԲ˿񡣡
³ԽԼԲû˵
ϾȼˣӴѽк³Խ£˾˶Ź´ʱҲ¶棬δŮˡ
Ͻõ˵¡
Ҳû뵽⣬һ
Ѱռҹܲô࣬򴽣ĸø첲һ˲˵ʱû㣬Ҳ
ﲻ⣺ΪΣ
Ϊɶĸľǣ˰ֻϲǷŮˡһƻŮ³¶һͲˣɲǿȥ
󶮣ֻõ˵ͷ
³̫̫̫̫ҲûܾϱչأҲҪġ
ٷϾֱǿˡ
⣬ﻹ֡ϴɾˮгɷС㣬΢΢ƺʢûǳɫµȹɫˮ
ûãζʹӳƮ˳ȥ
³̫̫ǸģǼ΢֪Ѿͷղˡ
ϸǾúϲ£죬ֻżңûˣҲѹֶżҹ⾰УɸΪ֮û⣬Ҳ䲻
ʱｫ
³Խعأᶫ˫Сһγǰʱ̲ס΢̧̧ͷ
أˡ
Ǿĸһֱû˾˶Ź´ʱ³Խ񣬿һ
Ƚȥһˡ
Ӧһɽݡ
ղЦŶ˺ƹҵģ³Խ
Źûܾ³̫̫ÿӼһŽУֻһڣоͶˡ
ζԼǸϱǾġ
³̫̫һӣ꣬ԵĹ⣬¾˺ü³Խ˾Ʊһ
ϸۡ
³̫̫˳ݺݵԼһۡ


6 ̽
̫̫³Խȴֱתͷȥ
ݺûˡϾǹңҲǺ³̫̫û˵ʲô˷˻³Խˡ
ճżԺӣ̫̫̲סһ³Խ

³̫̫ôĲ
³Խ˵̫̫Ҳϰߡָ˵֣̫ҪˣҸտǿˣģҲã³䲻Ҿûɣ
³Խóɾͳɡ
³̫̫е֣ôõĹŮʮˣզͲ˵أ
³Խֲ˵ˡ
˵˵òʲôëɣ
³ԽЩҲ֪
³̫̫Լ̾˿ҾͰϹ㣡
-
³ߺ żҲ
Ź¾͵ôҿ³ԽɣҲͦʵġ
Źû˵ڳæ
³Խǰϱûɣ֪ڴʲô
㶣漴鲻Ըĵ˵׵úܣϱ
Ȼ֪˵ף
ɫˣں˵Ǻα³˵ţ
Ź£Ҳ˼˼Ҫ෽Ĵһ£Ǹ̫̫ʲôʡ͵ĵ𣿡
ϲ˵ˣβ䣺ŲϱţӾˣʵڲľȥȥҲȥ
˵Ź̾˿ʣİƺˡ
ߺȥ﷿
һΣϺߴߴ˰ҹԼոµѸ˹ȥȻҪε³ʽףٸһаɣ
в£ͷСӦˡ
-
գżҺ³߶ʼ˽´̽ˡ
żȻǶŹ³ȥַ³̫̫ƹϣһýšҸи˼ǵˣǲô¡
³ԽȻæ̵飬ҲǰͰϴʰ
Ͻ죬ȥǱߣ̽³ҵļҵˡ
ԺֻһˣϳǰιѼԺļȦѼȦһƬЩæҡ
׺ͰײҶڼȦЩ˵ļһѷһһЦѽֲǡ
ЩĻһ˵ԻҲûӦ
ι˼ԼԺżǰŷ
ڻǵƻ䣬ɽӲù
ǸǺȾưԼġûĳ棬ӵĽɪɪһϡ
ҪǵڶڴϵĴԼôĶ֪
ﺰˣǸˡ
֮ǰ˵ҵףʳܳŴ꣬λĵĴҲʳ
ŵĴҲ
һɽ
ÿ춼ôΰȰճȵˡ
˾˾ĸľһ㡣
ڣĸҪ޵ˣһҪ޵ġҲһ㡣
˼£￴ˮԱߵ裬һΧȹȥϴѡ
-
˵³̫̫˶˵Ļİ
ΤҲһߡ
һ磬³̫̫˶ʮͭ;ͨϢһֽǮһֽţԷɽ³̫̫˵ˣ̫̫һ߸ߡ
ҲЩΣӴ֪ѽһǸ˵֮ǰˣôѽҲȥǶྫˣţ
³̫̫Ǹ
ΤϻعҲӣøϣȥȥ
³̫̫ڿǰؿĲҪҪģˣֿʼ캰أҵĶɰôô࡭
ӸϽοֻϰο۾ȴһֱǿϵĶʮͭ塣
ҵĶӴ
̫̫ؿںͣҲѹ֣³Խڻһֱ˳òף̫̫ۣû뵽ֳô۶ӡ
ԥһ£ɽ֮ڶǸ˾ˣ˵ǺġһﻹǸأ
ӻû˵꣬ͱ̫̫ɨȥ۵첻棿ǱɽĻˣǸˣһɽס˴꣬˭֪ʲôУ¶У
æͣǣǵĶԡǡϢ͵ˣҼл¡һ˵һ߽ϵͭ壬۳žҪˣ̫̫һƣͭǮѹġ
ɩӣǡ
̫̫ģ˵˵ȥҲҪ˵ĵһ˲ӣ붼ñĺܣУԴ⣬뷨ٸҼҶɽܡ
һϾͷѣӴҵĺɩӣ¶ȥ⡭
ԭ³Խĵһϱλ˵ģ˭֪ռ޹û붴Ȼͺ˽ˡ
̫̫졣
Ӽ̫̫һ˵ģ֪Ƣԣֻɩӣ֮ǰҲԣҲأģҿ϶ú࿴ԱǸϿף
ᵽϣֿ̫̫ʼҧгˡ˵׻ϸɺޣӳ׼ʱǶʮͭС
˰ɩӣŶţ
ýˣ̫̫ﴷض㡣
Τϣܵϼָͷһ١ǻǰŸߣΤǻ˼ɫһ䣬׷˳ȥ
Ҳȥ׷Τϣȥˮ塣
ϱ׷ϣ˵󵱼Ҳɫ䡣
ô֪ģǴĴģ
ϣһأ㲻˵ʱǰҹҲһֱ˵Ǵϼҽ
𣿡
ϣ԰ھǶ֪ô֪
˼ΣҾ¶ԣһרڸ¡㲻֪⾩һýţϿҲԸԹ⣬Ҿã¿϶רȥ̽Ȼ³͸š
ô찡Щˡ
ţȻȥϢ¶˵ˣǸŮ֮£Ҫ³Խĺ￴ۣ³̫̫Ҳûӣ
ϣʲô۰ǵţǼ϶žûֲǲ֪˱صҪ
͵ץסϸ첲Ҿһ仰ԸԸһѣ
ġôģʲô
ҵḶ́Ϊ³µ⣿ҸɣĿɺţ³ҽײɣŲŲգﱻͻᴫʱûӸô
һ⻰ɫһ¾Ͱˡ
ϣ˵Ȼȥúһ룬ҵϢ
æͷ
˵ˣһܻһ߳һڣҲ֪˭
-
³ԽæһգŴ³ҡ
ջͷպܲԡ
ɩƿ˳ɣﲡˣȥ
³Խһϵıⵣһ£ôˣ
Τ̾˿ңǸýŵĻҲûȴ̽
³Խһ㶣üͷ׳ʲô¶ˣ
Τһǰ
ýŵĻԭⲻ³Խ˵ˡ
û뵽˵ʲô˼ңǸ޹ġ˵˵
³Խһ㶣֪ôԺð˫۵С֣΢΢ۡ


7 
żҽν˸췭ظ
ϻ֮ŹҲˣ֪ôģ˾ͺȻڷﳳˡ
òɿˤˤ룬ŹĶŶһֿ֡
ַڶ̽ͷ֣ŹǶˣٺҲ֪զˡ
ǵļˡ
žȥȰȴֲңŹߺæߵߣ˳㽫Ҳˡ
ĸ
Ů˲᣺ﰡ
Ϸڵϣｫĸ
ǰתȥһˮšʪݸ
Ͻӹ˲ᣬҲ侲һЩ
㿴Цˡ̾
ҡҡͷһˣ;˾ǡ
ϲᣬӷϣ˵ף¾ĸûﰡ³̫̫ȥ̽ˣ֪֮ǰ¶Ҿͻ˾˾˵ãֱͷİһ١˵Ҳȥ̽ˣ˵³Ǹ˼ңǼݲЩ鷳£˵˵ĸ³𣿡
һ㶣βϵĻ
ǡȻҲЩţĸΪҺá
Ͽһۣ֣ܶĸͺˡŮ˵ģⱲӲΪ˼һ˼³ͷЩԷӶ͹ˣ³ҲǰҴ˼ҹģԺˣƶް°أü޸мҵ׵ġ
ͷû˵ϼﰡҪ֣͹ǸĵĵôҪû£ĸٸһõ˼ҡ˵ˣٺõˣǶë˾˵Ҽ޹ôˡʱ򻹵ÿǵױ˵˲˵ˡ
µûš
Ҳ֪˵ʲôɵһߣ챿ο˵Ļʵǲ˵ֻõĸҪʵںȱǮһһģ֮ǰ˵Щ⻹߳ȥڰ̯ôҲ׬ЩǮ
ٲУҲһȥҲһЩ
ϰ˰֡
һңû޳ȥͷ¶ģʡ
ﻹ˵ʲô룬û˵ڡ
ֲ˰᣺³֪ˣô£
ﴹ۽ޣҲ֪
ϱĸĻʵֻҪ³Խ׼㣬ﲻͷҲڣǣҪΪԼƴһѣ𣿡
Ŀϣƺˣƺûһ飬ɵĵ˵ͷ
-
ǿϻػģ˽һأڷߴߴ˵˰졣
ڳ׼
ϾˣĲٵÿ϶ŹȴһʵĶ
ѵõĶ
СİѶֳ룬һ
һ룬ųԡ
ҪһгɱȵĺƬͿϱһͣʳģÿζʡã٣ԻҪ͸׼׺
ϸģһ붹ƣûһζ
Ķֱ¹ͽƺõģݷľ㷭̳ζʱ򻹱ԭ̬ðŶҳÿ춼ܳԵĲɫ
ʣһ룬гС飬ʳǺЩɣҪײСжֿ죬۰ɫĶڹ﷭Ȼζȴůǰһ̵Сл˲֣Ժﺰ˾䡰ˡ
ŹҲʱ˼ңϳʱú˸棬εЦЦŹû
һڣŶЩΡ
ڣ˵ζʵ̫ãʱ˲졣
ϺһȺ˯Ҹϼ
ŹһɫͿ
ҪϼҪʲôȥУ
ϵһۣȥׯȥ
Źһ˵ˣתͷ㲻˵ЩţȥׯĶԱȿ
һ⻰æЦӦˣ
-
Ϊϵһ仰һưͺ˯
Ů幤ǴѧģףǽŮ幤˿ѷɫûһͨͨĲϾͳ˻ֵһֻȸ
ϲȵϲԧϷˮЩ֮ǰԼԱȫһģһú͵ƵͿûˣδͣϨ˯ˡ
ȥϼȥׯڴҪܽ⼸ȥ±һЩҲԼ׬ĵһǮ
ԽԽǿʱſۡ
һˡ˵Ҫϼ緹Ҫڼġ
ֽһˮ࣬հȼҲųˡ
զô磿
ͷһۣĸ׼緹ء
⺢ӡǶ˵ȥϼȥԾˣʲô
ЦЦʡĹѾ˸ʡʡ
Ȼ׼ˣϱŲߣŹҲϻڸһһ˾ˣڹţǵóԡ
Ź²ŵ˵ͷ
ȻǺԼһģڴͷ
Ŵ峤ҵţһͬˡ
ţϣϺϾͽһ
ȥׯ٣Ҫģϻ³Խټһ棬³Խھ֮˸ϼ⵵˵
ţһʱ֮󵽵ľĴСﶼǴ˷Ľߵĳʳ̯ɫͷġӵġģʽ
ﻹǵһʱɵıĽ

ѽϺ
عæϵĽŲ
Ϊ׼ȥׯġ
û룬չ֮ͣ£һ̧ͷ³̼־ͺȻӳ
һ˲ȥĸﷺŽЦ
ﰡǵĸ˵Ļɣĸиˣýȥ³Խĸ޲޲£
һҲЦ
￴ĸǸΣ򴽡
³Խɾĸֲģ飬ǡ
û˵⻰ֻĬĬĽӹΣָĵİ˲أڴĹҲһЩ
ԭǲȥׯġ
ȥѽЦŴ
ΣϺ̡߽
³̣һЩںүǶȻһװ׵Се˶㶡
Сǲߴطˣ˿ʡ
ҲЦŴȤҪȡʲôߴʲôѽ
ЩˣһȦеС¹СĿ˿ڣҡ޸ӡ
Щһ㶣漴ôЦС¶Ҫȥͽ𽳣Ⱥϴֿ
˸ǰõЦȻƿߺԺ߳һˣЦʲô
˵ͳɤڰһ˲Щæͷɻѭȥߵ³Խײϣ˾һ㶡


8 ͽ
żһͨ³Ҳûͣ
³Խؼҵʱ̫̫ڴϳ̾³ԽԼɩ˵˴£ȻЩȣܿɫƿӽȥˡ
³̫̫ԼӻˣһµʹӿɣԲסѽ
³ԽԼʮֵ˽⣬֪һ޶ϵǰףæһգʵЩˣ밲οԼ³̫̫Ӳţֵֿİ¶˵ˣ˵СȥԼӣզ룿
ô룿ֻԱ˯һ
Ͳס̫̫Σ³ԽĿʼֱ⣬ղΤ˵ģɣ³Խ˾޹ȥģڱ̫̫һͨ˵Ҳȥ
ģ
³Խüͷ
˵ʳӣû뵽̯ô
³ԽЩ֪Ǹʲô⾰ϼǼҳ㷹Ҫ
³ԽԽüͷԽüͷ̫̫˶ԶżҵĲĲ
³̫̫οԼĶӣģȥ¸Ѱýȥһҵıǧٱ
£³Խüͷˡ
Щᷳˡ
ġ
³Խ֪˵ʲô³̫̫ȥȥһĨȥķ꣬ɩԤǰ˵ʲôɴһͷ˾붣ĴͷΪ飬˯һ
-
³Խ˿̿ǰżŮˣ˿̻ǴǼɫȡִٵվſڣлһΡ
ͷϺ̽ͷ̽Ե³Խ۾ֻ³ԽͿµĴ
ЩɲЩʡ
иĸͳɩյ߶߶³ԽƬ̣Ҳͷ˵̡
ۿǰСǵͨ죬ڳȥ֣Ұɡ
һ㶣ΪԼˡ
ֹڵĻƶΪԼ⡣
ٶʲô˼
ҪһСӰ
һʱ䣬ÿ˵Ĳı¿Ĳӻ޲ðȥ³ԽͷһȺ˵ȥˡ
ؽϵӵ˹ȥ³ԽӹһۣȻתԺȥ
ȫɵĻû״ڵĻѾʼˡһͷβĴһ飬˽ȥſʼСۡ
̫߳ˡ
ǲδɩӰɣ
ϺվſȻҲƼһĻϾͲûЦ˻ˣ
һЦ
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³Խȥ˺Ժŷ⻹һ䷿ӣ³Խֱ˽ȥҲֻøϡ
طһСһܴӣЩֻϵһӣһŲ֪³ԽҲû˵ֱǰ˿ϵӣһЩߣʼͷ޲
վһ
ߣɴۡ
û뵽³ԽĻᡣ
ᣬҼ񻹺ֻܲǼ򵥵ļվӻˡ
ͷ
ĸȻҪ޲һӡ
ס
롭Լ.
ȻҲ֪.ʲô˼ûģһӾʹԺб˳һӾͺ
³Խ
ǰӻôͺȻˣ
Լֱû͵һ´ӣתߣŶܡ
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һ¡
Ȼס׺СŮˡ
ʹġ
ĽŲһӶסЩ㵵תͷȥ³Խĸôȥɣһᣬȥɻˣȴһߡ
˵꣬³Խͽϵһãһ׼Ҥ¯ȥиҤ¯洫ĶǶ˶˵
˺ðΣ˵˼
Ȼ֪
ȡһ£
Ҳ׷˳ȥ³ԽЩͣ£ͷ
л㡭
ղŻûл³Խ֮˵ͷû˵ʲô׼ȥæԼ¡
û뵽ʱ³ſںȻһȺˣɷ˵ľͿʼӡ
Ƕأó
Щ³ҵĻƿɲǳصģǰ˭
ǰǼҶһʲôЩһͽһĶ§һЩ󣬵ҲһЩоһѴ󻷵ֻǵѾˡ
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ЩȻϵ⻷Ϊ³ԽԴģƾ³ҵգ⵶ܳ
³ҵĻƶˣµġ
⣬ҲһЩˣǵЩ׼ǰҳӵʱ³ҵ˶Χţһһ
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Ȼл˵ǰ˺Ȼɫǰһסĸ첲һ㶣ûӦͱ³ԽƵ˺Ժһ䷿ȥ
ĿȻüۣͷѾ˴³Խͳ嵽ȥ
ﲻ֪˺£ֻùԹԵվڷʱŷӾȻһ˵ķ䡭
һż׵ĴһŴľǽϹһЩ˵ѣһ¾ֺû˵ķ䣬Ҳ֪³Խӣִٲֺ
ɽסʱڴﱧԹԼˣɽϸɻĴǶһĳζûŵûУﻹһɲҩζģûôˡ
ֻͷǺܴЩĻţԥҪҪſСĵ׼ȥƿ³Խ͵
ƿӳ˽
һҪŵļƣüͷ͵𣺡
еףһ
ҡ
Ҳ˲Щˣ³Խߣ£ŵ㣡
еĳ棬ʱɫҰףϸһ³Խ첲϶һˣ丵Ѫ
ˣ
ŵýг
꣡
³Խ˲صȺ֮ͽѾ嵽˺Ժ
ס죬ŵòᡣ
֪ͷֵ˶ŵòᣬԷȻбַڶŵţ˱٣ŸҲûô죬³ҵĻƾͺȺͽֲ˰ӣĴһٲˣ
Ⱥһ⻰ܣߵʱ˳³һЩֵǮĶȻȺ߷
ٶңû°ɣȺһߣ³ҵĻƷ׷Χ³Խǰ棬Է˶ڣһܳôҲĺˡ
³ԽҡҡͷƵǼϡ
ﱻ³ԽӳʱٸѾˣ³ԽŰ׵Сȥɣȫˡ
תͷ򴽡
ĸ첲
³Խͷۣν̧̧üСˡ
ҡҡͷ
Ҫģɴҩһ°ɡ
³Խûô飬֪ΪΣǰŻûƴСһη֣ԭ˺ҲÿҲÿҲ֪զˣһιʹĵ˵ͷ
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9 Ͱ׸
³̵ĺԺȺղŻڵĻһϹ̽ѰԵЦ㼷ҼĳͷֲֻĿŵ³ԽһǾ㬵زӡ
ҲˣߵĻţֻװû
һЩ򵥵Ľҩɴ򵥵İ³Խһ£˿еֻʱˣпջҪȥҴһ£ǵòܼˮ
³ԽڹˣƽʱиʲôС˸ȥܣģҩ¡
Σһ˫Сĵ˿ڣϸĴ޵Ƥñȱܣ³ԽԼЩձ
Ѿʮˣʲô嶯ûеëͷСӣֻЩֻУڣ첲ëĴȴģ飬Сһһĳ嶯³Խսȭͷеһȡ
ˡ
ڽˣ﷢ͷ󺹡
ۣЩ졣
ѾܵˣӦû˿ڲŶԣ˿һǻνô
³Խ˵ֻǿһЩִٵվû¡ȻͿʼס

ſڴϾʧܲ˵ĳ˽߻ϡ
û°ɣȻϸղҲ˵µϢŵȾܣҲЩڣһ·ڱǧ¡
治֪ôͶŹ½
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ϿԼŮ˵³ԽȻˣΪܵˣ⻰дӢ۾ģ
һϲͲûĴˡ
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³ʰӣҲﲻʲôæʲôء
æĵͷãá˵źãȴ³Խϻ飬˿ڣô˵³ԽҲһѣ㲻˼ҳԸ
ϻȻҪڣ³Խȵˣûʲô
ϵĻ˺ۣڨڨЦЦ
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ͬǾܾɣ⻰Ӳһ롣
Ͽ˸ףҲҪˣֱӵ͹ûԹĵİɣζ
ġ

ЩȵĿ˾ĸһۡ
³Խû˵û˵˼ǲܾ
ϸ߸˵һöžˡ
³ϵӣϷ·ѾղŲ˵飬Ц˻;ĸ˵˵Ǹղŷʲô
 
ﲻѣֻʵŶ¶˵ˣȴ⣬Ҫϸڣ³Խûеǰ棬ûл֮ġ
죬ҡͷûУֻԺкȻ³ԽӺ͹ӵʱӦĸ첲
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һߣߵڣͺӭ³̫̫Τˡ
ҲŻŵģȻҲ˵ߵϢ
ӿ³̫̫ۣô
ǸҲԲҪ䳰ȷ䣬סˣ³ɩӣǽҲתֵģⲻǼӳ¡ٸ·סˣͨء
³̫̫ȥӣҲúͼ˾ΤϾͼϡ
һֱͷ˵ֻ˾ʱ̧ͷΤҲڿ˵ΪʲôΤ￴һ˿ıġ
˽ַҪһˣЦźٿ㶵Ĳ֪ʲô
ĸŻع
ɶأ
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ղΤϵ֮ܲĸ˵³Ѿ֪֮ǰ£ԡղǸ
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˿̣вжǼٵġæóĸ㿴ġȥׯʣܲȥв
ۣӹϸϸĿ
ģ˶ã
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һα˿϶۾ģ
ϣǲ֪ܲȥҪȥԣ
СĽӹһ
ׯûͳˡ
ô
û˵ֻĬĬĴõӣһ㱻ʵ꣬Ͽͭ塣
ס죬һѽеһ棺Ǯ
ЦСʮġ
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ʮġ
ˡ
ϵЦȸղŻҪãһסĸǰզûզôбϣ
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ʮģϱúܴ󷽣ʹʹĸﳶƥһƥҺɫģһƥɫġ
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û˵ʲôֻǹԹԵĸߡ
˳ׯ뵽ʲôˣҪ幤߲˰ɣö
ҲƳþõȥȻӦ
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ȻϡǰõĴͲһҪģԶãʵСɽᣬгɶΣﰾСըһֱҪըжαɻɫ΢
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ʱһ˵һôĳԷֻü
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ֶҪϸ
ǾԼǰϹۣҺû֣ȻҪݣ˵ͷһж
ֻطȥˡ
ʮģԼҲû뵽ģׯʱرעһЩЩзɻɰкģһЩϲԼҺͷЬͻͷñЩﶼһ
˵ɾ͸ɣ˲ɫߣϸҲ֮ǰã׼庣ģö࣬ҲϤ
ӾʲôҲġһȥŴˡ
һֱһ߽һߺŻع
ڸɶأҸպ졣
æһţڴû
ҲֻǴߵĵ¶ˣ첻ǻҪ³Խȥ𣿡
һ㶣Ƶ⵵¡
˵ʵڴͷϣʲôġھĸȻ׬ǮҪҪֻø˷ȥ˳
ʣҪʲô
ʲôҲԹģڵʱ±ˣûʮ̶һ̶⣬ǵǸζ
ڣ̶ûˣֻд׺һЩܿ׸⡣
׸ҪðǰϹܿҲҪˮȥƤȥ׸ӰǾһζǽﻹкǣ룬һǼζġ
׺Ͱ֮ܿҪ飬Ҫĥ׽ֻܿ࣬ټÿڸʵһЩ÷͡
Ѻõ׺ȾͿϹȥһԭζһǼġһܿ⣬ЩıҪ鷳Ķ࣬ĽѾʱˡ
Ҳû뵽ô鷳Ͻط˯˾˲֪ڳĵʲôϰ߶飬Ҳûܡ
׸⣬ҲȷƣˣǿžǶ亣Ļ꣬Ϩ˵ƣͷ˯
-
³ҡ
³Խˣ³̫̫۵Ŀ޺һ󳡣Ҫٸ˵³ԽʵЩܲˣľ͹ӡ
ΤҪչ˵ܵܣҪ³Խ°һ˿ڡ˭³Խܾˡ
³̫̫Ǿ¿Ƣ˾Ҫˣ³Խֻ˵˰ˡ
ΤϺ³̫̫һۣ˭
³Խ𣬶³̫̫첲ϵɴʱӶҪϸĵİԼȺүǸɵġ
³Խͷֻۣ˵ʵ
˭³̫̫˽ţ
³Խ˸ۣû˵ȫʵֻ˵ǻڣǰæˡ
ģ³̫̫˵ѾͷĺĳһЩ
³Խüģ
³̫̫֪ˣҲ졣
ֻΤȴɵĿһۣ£ôɵ£
³Խˣ³̫̫û࿴飬ֻûᣬȴһˡ
ϣ³Խһ˯ڿĿϣǴ죬ȴԽ˯ԽȥоǻһаˮҲûѹס
ɻᴲʱȻ뵽˰վߵģǺͮͮСÿҰ׵С˵ıİ˿ڣϺеζ³Խ˹ıۡ
˵ĶԣҲǸȢϱˡ
-
գŹ˵ﻹҪǺЩ׬ǮߵĻҲû˵ֻϲȥһ⻹һεţЩţͷ˺üۡ
Цһγţ
˵ͷ
ϣԺϰ˾ͺˣ֮Ͳȵ
ˣÿ춼ܸϼϡ
ÿ𣿡
Цѽ㵱ɶطӽ£Ǵȥˣڹǵĵطûת꣡ÿ춼͸ϼһ
ĴСԭҲֻǾСһ֣϶иĽУǶ͵˫ȥıˡ
ţ§ԼСӡ


10 ˿
ӣճ¯Ĵӣ
峿δɢȥַߵĳʳ̯ҼһɢʳߵһҰ̸ǰͳͭͷ𣿡
ЦҡͷҳԹˡ
ѽǽʡţģ˵ţ͸ҲһʶܾȴҪš
һӰˣԺҾǣ
ֻˣתͷһ룬׸Сİһһţզ𣬷ˣ
Цŵͷ
ǿɱȰֵǮµ׬ˣҴȥҼëԡЦŰ׸һëϵĶӣ꣬ʱ
ҵİãΪζãΪСּռҧһڣũҴӵĳϡײ˷
ζ̲Ҳûʲôرζ淢Ҳһ㣬ûôིһӣ˾ͱˡ
ϽҪȥץҩģ͵ϻ³Ǹӿڡ
ϵ·
ͷϵãȥæɡ
Уˣһʱǻ档
ߺ￴˿
³Խ͸ģ϶òһʱģڸתת
һߴһߵḶ̌һ߾ߵ³ſڡ
³̵ƲǺܴ󣬵ſˣܿ
һһĻƿ˵ͶϵĹߣӭ˳
ιˣ
ûʲôӡ󣬵˺ȴкҲЦŵ˵ͷ
ǻӭȥҲע⵽һŲӳú
Խ磡Խ磡
һҲЩ΢΢죬ܿ죬ƿ³Խ˳
³Խһ㶣Ƶ첲ϵСӣˣǳ˵ͷˣ
һ첲ϵСӵȥҼ򵥵˵׸⣬㳢ǡǷ˰ɡ
ԱߵĻˣÿ϶¶˿ĵɫ
ιҾͲˣ
˵ţ־Ҫȥϧͱһֻĸ첲нغ³ԽԴĿһۣѾһӽӹȥˡ

һꡣ
Щ̣³ԽȴӶ
ûԷɣ
Щ㵣ԭֻľߣǡʲô˼
ǻֿʼ壺Ӹտιôһ԰ɣ
³ԽѾߵ˺ԺΣֻøϡ
ԺϹȻѾӺ룬Щִٵ߹ȥҳԹˡҪǳԣȻأ
³Խ˵ָָֻλã°ɡ
ﲻ˼
ϰһ̳Աߵ˿³ԽһҨ
棬ﵱԼģ˭֪³Խǰһţټӡ

аǷٳԻࡣֶҪڳӰ³硭ĳԹˣҳһӡҲ̫ˣҸԲꡣ
³Խüͷ̫ࣿ
Լĺ룬ֿﴩżаҲϸ֫һ˲ǰ볯Լﲦһ롣
԰ɡ
￴ǰ治˼ܾˡ
Ƶӣʼĳ档
һӽ˸ͷڴڵĳ棬ʱʱһԵĺͷ󺹡һߣһССﰲǰǳĶľһӣСˮҲΪú˵ġ
³Խһ룬ûԵһ롣
ɻʱ棬ԷʱҲ棬ͷĳԣѹûע⵽˵ߡ
Ҳ֪³ԽãƬ̺ٻʱ򣬾͸Ա߷˱ˮ
лл
³Խû˵ʲôȥɻˣҲīˣǿԼڴڵĽ꣬ҲõˮرߣӶʰɾˡ
Ұϴɡⲻȥ
á³Խɴܾϴ
°ͣԺűһֱ̽ͷ̽ԵĻЦ˹ιϴϴ㲻æ
ֻա
վƬ̣ŵǡˣЩ׸þԣž˲á
³Խ˵ͷá
³ֻ̳öӳŵܡ
֪ͲǸˡһˡ
æԼϹ䣬Լ
⻹һι֣ľµĴš
ꡢꡢֻꡢεꡢЩûȥĵǰһſӲ֪ԭôһ꣬ƹλӡ
Ҫʲô
ﱻչĿӶ˵ճʹõĶһӱİţõĶϺõĽУµĴ壬滹Լ
ⷽӶǮָָһؾİһС𻨣ɾš
ʮġƹЦ
ﱻļ۸˾ǵãĸԼƥҲʮġ
лл
ûЩӣֻ߳ӵ꣬ȥ˻꣬ϵŮӺܶ඼ϲͷʻһÿʻҲҪģֻڶ죬ࡣ
³ӱϻһľӣһ׵꣬ɻ˶࣬Ҳûʲô̫̺̣֬ˣʵʵڵϡ
ʱûȵϣȴԶĿ³̫̫
һҲ֪ΪΣͶ㵽һߡ
³̫̫Ѿ֪ΤǸܲʶľܿˣ
³̫̫ȷûע⵽߸һŮ˵Цȥ³ϵӡ
һֱ˽ȥڱ͵һ£һ
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˵ͷæˡ
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³̫̫һӣͳɤſʼ³Խǰզˡ
ߣ˵
³̫̫ȵס³ԽͳԺߣһ߻һߵӣǵðɣ
³ԽԱߵĸһۣĸǹŵýţ̫ǵˡ
ӽ˵һźţ˵˵ײ
ýŻ˻ӣףԿףԱŮʮߣǰԱ˵ϣһֲҪҲţֻҪǸʵˣŮ
³̫̫۾һ棿ǿԱС㣡
ýţǸԱ⣬Щұ⣬³ǮԼҲ֪Ǯʵϵģ޸ҲŲϣ
ҪǸС㣬˱Ȼ³Խ޸ˣ
³̫̫ЩĶԼӣȢСҲСҪǼãɻɶĶѧɣ޹١
ɲ³ԽΣ
³Խվˮرϴ֣󴽽Ƿ̵Ĺ˹Ȣ䲻˼ҡ
³̫̫һ⻰ɫ˲Ϳ˵ɶۼﲻãĵ䲻ϣ
ĽС㶼ϲˣһˣȻ䲻˼ҡ
ýɫ΢΢һ䣬Ȼл˵³ԽתæˣԼĴ㡣
㣿
³̫̫۾һʲô㣿
³Խֲ˵ˣ׼ȥҤ¯ɻ̫̫ǺεȾˣһ;òԣ߱ϵ־ȥƣɶô𣿡
³Խһߣûʲô͵ĵġ
ģ
Ǳ͵ģ
³̫̫Ǿһתһƾ˼䣬ǻƶ³ҹ͵˿ɲѣ̫̫һһ´Ӱˤȥ
Сӣ㻹濴ˣ


11 
³̫̫Ӷɳ³Խ󺰴У㻹Ŀˣ
³ԽüͷʮϤԼַӦһҪ󳳴ϰͷݡٿýţɫѾЩҲסˡ
ʵûô̫̫࣬ôһʣҪû𸴿϶ûˡ
Ҳֻ˼Ƭ̲³Խѿڶǡ
̫̫ڵϿʼˣ㡭ҡôôӣ
ýǱҲЩŤǰȰɣˣǡ
³ԽֱӴĻ
˵ǸԱС㣬ǰʱҼӣ˵ҰһѵҪʲô
³ԽĻýʵһ㶣⡢զ֪һңҪʲô
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ϷһСԣҡõҰ֬ſűȺŨ죬ҲԷھҵ㣬Ҳ丨ϣϿԽ壬һЩӣԼӵζ
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ŴףŴװĸϸ壬ֻŴװľͽʲ裬ˡ
һ϶ڳæţ緹ϺͶŹ²Ÿ𣬶ҲʱżСԺſڴ
Ϲȥţô硭˭ѽ
Ժſˣסˡ
³ԽǽһվſڣﻹһֻҰҲմżë
𣿡ЩȻĿڡ


12 л
Ȼ㶣õһߣڣ
ӳ˳
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³ԽʱͽҪ˵Ļ˸壬ȴȻͽһһֶ˵ҺֻֻҰæݵǰ㡣
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βŷӦ˹áǶ𡭡
³Խ򴽣ǽˣʻǾ¶ԡ
ﲻӣҲƬ̵޴롣
Щ΢΢ʱԶȻһС

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Ǵһŷӣң˲ߢ


13 
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ȥʱһˣúõһֻͺסϧû뵽ζôã
ﱻöе㲻˼ëַҪ³ԽһֻɱõѼӣԽɽ
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Ǽͷ飡ϵ۵æǡ֪³˼˵ˣﻹء
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ھ˾˾ĸѾס˿һˣסҲ׬˹ᣬ˾ǼĸŸļа°ڣ˵ͷ
Ҽޡ


14 㶹˷
ףʣµͶҪʼޡ
³̫̫ȥΤϽеڣֽ׵һС̳Ӱ˳
ǸɳõǮ׻˰˹ᣬϯᣬðЩ¶ᣬɳ׵ʱһǽ㿴
Τһ㶣ЦЦһˣ˵ЩɶŲɣ
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19 ӭ
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20 
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Ժһõġ
˯ȥ֮ǰôһ䣬ʵ̫ˣûȥӦĽ硭


21 ݲ
ĽϾҲǽž峿Ѿܼ³ԺҲͳ˴ţﱻϲȵʱѾû³ԽӰ
͵һɫȫǻҡ
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һʼ˵ǼٵģһСɽԼܸо³ԽģǾĿЩ
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ЦЦɩӣЪȥУ緹Ҳ
Τ⻰Ҳ̹࣬ǰֻһˣ󲿷ֶģиԷֵģſҲ˳˲٣Ц߹ȥСʣղĺӦǸӣһԶҽŵʱһֻó
ЩԥǰѸոװõĺ˳Τϵ򿪣Ȼһֻӣ¶һõЦҾ˵ɣ
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ΤԺһߺһϴѣ̫̫ЪΣֻڳæʵҲûʲôæģ׼緹е磬ֻϳ緹ʱ˳³ҵĽˣִ˵̳ӿ˿ţ⡣
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ݲˮ䣬׼̳ˮȫûеʳģ̳ӿۺã̳ΧһȦҲҪˮܷáͰȥȴ졣
ܲܿ죬ԼҾͿԿ̳õܲˬθϼշͻ㣬ڸִ·඼Ǽáæһ磬ݲ̳ӣæ꣬³̫̫ˡ
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ãͷѾɹԺѱɹһ¡صߵߣ׼챧ȥͷһƣǱȴѾһգһϸȻǡ
һ㶣漴ʲôɫһ죬ıȫæһȫ˽ȥ


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ĻǶڽͷӶɫЦʱʱľҪȥһ³Խ
ֻǷֽٶҸɻرȻ³ԽƽʱѾʮˣȴǱƽʱҪ죬һͷɣƺڸʲôһ
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룺ǾͳҼǵùļС
ΤҲôģȥͣ
гɾȵıƬ֮ˮϴȥѪˮϴõηΰۣۡ͡͡ٵͣһץơλһֲˣҪǽǰжΡƬ˱ã𷭳Ƭ̾ܳ
⽴ȴҪȥʵⶡƵҪҪͣݳУ׼Щʱˡ
Τƽʱڶżʱ΢΢Τϵ⣺ԺļģԼļױһѼ̣Ƕãⲻڶʮֻˣÿ춼µԹ㲻ʲô
ﰵȣû뵽£Ҳͦģɩ
ΤϵһЦԺﻹо²ˣþ²˳˳ԡ
£ΤѾˡ
ʵľ²ۣ𼦵Ҳãľ²˻ʱ򣬲ҲûʵķӳҲˣΤȥˡ
û³ԽȻ
³

һ߽һ߾ͳɤӺķ㣡ҸûԹ𣿡
Τڵ²ˣһ⻰һԳԳԣ֪ԣ
³֪ӭžĸϻڨڨӣ³ԽƵǰ棺Ҳ˰ɣߡ
³Խѵ¶һЦһ
Ȼˣ׼ˡ
չͣõ¹ٷִμͷ㣬ζ˼߹Ǵ³ԽǽԺ̶һССξѾˡ
һǺˬˣ³ɵһ˽ȥΣٺٺֱЦ
ԴӵۼңҪˣ
Τϴɾľ²˼˽һ֪ͺã˰Ǹܵģͱˣʳˣͳļɡ
³һΤеľ²˺Ȼ˫һ
ֳ֡Ծ²˼
Τо²˵Ĳ˵ˡһ£ббԱߵˣզԣ
ûûС³ɵֶڳӰĿСΣǧصȻݡ
һ۵׵ЦЦĨЦı³Խ׽סˡ
ʱ֣³ɵԵΤϽһЩ³̫̫Լ˶Ķӣû˵ʲôǴɼǰ׷²˼һ롣Ե󣬻Τӵ¹˹ȣûֱſ¡
ĵʲô̫ˡ
СһɾҪɡ
СΣȻǱɷֵ࣬ɵҲЦЦȥѧãǺþöԲɩˣ
ЦЦҸܱ⽴ճŵʱɴϼޡ
³һ⻰һ棿
Ȼڹﰾء
³̫³Խͬʱ³̫̫ڣΪȫ
Ӧġ
Τڳһʰһ濴ﰾⶡѾ΢΢ƣײ΢΢ɵкõľȥ󣬷⽴Ҫ÷ͣΤϿǷ͵Ķܲóһﶼһǿҵ㡣
³ԽˣԺԶѾԵĺܱòԺɾͲһˣһƮ³ɱҪĥ
ϷȥģͲץˡ
ͲΣֿʼ⽴ˣ
ϧҳȥ͵Ҫ˭ĸϻҲˣ뵽飬³ɸˡ
׶Աܸµĵ
ֲ¿Բݾ𣿣
³ߺߵģԤΤϽúýѵѵ
ΤڳȻӴ˸硣
ΤϰЩڰõĽװƿڣװ֮ǰ˳
кü֣ĪڼȣһΤûľԴ
һȥҧͷ˵滹ʵϵⶡ㡢㡢һΤʵûס˾䣺ãԼɣ
ҲûסЦİɴɩеģƿ͹ˣԼҲƿ
Τŷġ
ﻹûȥ³ԽûסһۣΤϺʰһЦܣôȲϱ
һ죬³ԽǴ󷽷ĵˮˡ
ɿĵ˵ͷ˷
ΤЩĽ뵽ԼǸˣƲƲ졣Ҫ£ȷһ
-
Ҫţ³ԽʱЩũ˶ϲʵõĶǻкüիĵģ⻹һЩ³Լĵߡߺ͹ߣ³Խţһͳ
Ҫʲô绹򣿡
￴ĶæҡͷЩͺܹˡ
³ԽЦЦУȥϴ
ȥϴ裬־Ĵȫ³Խӹһ飬ܵĴֽľդӹ̣ﴽȻЩ䣬ȴůˡ
صѾ̺ˣ𣿡³Խʡ
ҡҡͷ䣬ʲôʱŪѽ
³Խ͸ղš
룬ղڳ⽴³Խڲ֪Ĳĸ֮ǰ˵һ仰Ǿ³Խĺܸɡ
³Խľ٣ȹһǰԺӷ֮ҸľͰ
վڿߣ۾գգƺ³Խ˵⻰Ӧ˺ð졣
ޣ
³Խһ٣ͷʪ۾д𾪺Ͳ⣬ﴽţޣ˵ҰԺӵģ鷳·ûģһԺӲ֡
ûʲô··֪мҾһʮ˵顣
ש߷ľݣֻҪڷ絲꣬˼ҡ
ǡľͰأ
³Խڣվ̫䣬衣
ﳹס
³Խ׼齣ͼĻվһߣ³Խ̸ֻ߹ȥ˵عʱѾ³Խ˱ѣůů
˵Ĵɫ˸
ǰܿˣԺ󲻻ġ
￴Ϸˣ۾Ȼᡣ
ûܿࡣૡ
³Խڵþãһ
ڵ˰ҹﲢ룬³ԽRȥж֮ҲЩš
³ԽȷҲھᣬ룬Ҳ֪ԼЩ
쵽Ƕϵҩ
һȥˡ
˯ɣ컹Ҫ硣
˿һ˸һϰ߲ɡ
ûǱ߱ǳĺ˯ˣ³Խߣȴǳٳߡ
ûԽ룬޿ײĥ³Խǿ
תӲȥµȴǲͣڽ̣̲ס
˯˯ž;ЩȣһŻȲסһεһֻͶǴͶ̣סûһԷǶֻСİ
ϵĺģ˯úܲ


24 
, ˣǶȥɣ͡
³ҴԺſ, ³̫Ŀ³, ſͣţ, һҪ³ȥѧõģʱˣ³׼ϳ
ܣ·Сġ³Խ
³㣺л, ҲлɩĽ, дɩѺͲ
³̫̫Ĩ˰᣺ȥ, пվ
³˵ͷ
³ԽҪ, ³ȥѧãųԺſں
ȫһ߻һĿ뿪
ţ, ³ԽҲҪˡ
Ҳ
³̫̫һ, תڶӻߣͻ
ȥ, ·ҲСġ
³Խһ˳
³ԽĶװһţ֮һֻһֻѼڳ濴³ԽıӰС˾䣺ǲõеѽ
Ծ˾˾ĸȻǸٶ˵ֵġ
Щ³ԽģܾЩⲻȥ
ҵľ, ɵɵ³Խڸţ, ˵һ䡣
֮˵, ЦЦ, ҲԼЩɵɵġ
ĵİĶȡ˳³ԽĺɰɰѾ²ˣɫĲһֻϻǴӴɩ˵ģ³Խıء
ĹֽɰȻǱ꣬Ҫȥ׼һС
³ԽԼСӵĻȫȻֻ֪רĵĸţӾˮ·Ϥһ·ϣͺݻƵС·Ѿ׺һЩǵСƻ￴ЩҲֹסɽʱժһѲС
ţȵͣ˶żſڣԶϾͲסſڻˣɣ
˳Ϳĸ;˾ſڵˣŲҲһЩ
˾˾ĸ
ˡЦı˭ãַҲ֪ŵģֹס
ˣð
³ԽжţϵĶŹȥæ
þ˾ˣȥЪš
³Խ־ĶŹ¿Ҫֲܱö֪ҲﲻʲôæҲǿ
û³ԽͰеĶ˶żңţ˩ںԺһŴԡ
ôôණϾȡ
³Խ࣬õϵġ
ϸһõϵģǼһȱġϵЦԽãæ˽ȥ
أʱҵģȥףζԲԡ
ӦһʱżɱֻСĢģϲˣڶְֵĽóߵһڡ
Σ
￴۾ĸЦˣ
ƣǾУʱ򻹵أһûĺãֻͰ׷
ˣ
ҲЦôһ
ѽţĵ죬ĸ˵˵³ҹĻϰòãǼ˺ദ
һ⣬ҵͷתġ
ĸ̫࣬Ҷ֪Ļشˡ
ϣǾһ˵³Խòã

һ⣬ƫϻĿĲݣֻõ˵ͷõġ
ô÷

ѽɶ³Խ˾˵أ
ֻӲͷƤǺܺãϸġ
֪ԼŮʲɶˣֻû˸ʷǰ»ҹɣ
ˣһһ
ϾЦˣУĸˣĸͲأôС
ĸ˵ˡʱ̿ųſڣ³ԽȻʲôҲ֪Ƥ˵ˡ
ϻ˸⣺Ǹɩദ
･ƽʹɩ
ͦõģһӣ컹ʹɩһ˽֡
һǸɩ̻Ůľ޵³һ̫̫շˣǸŵڸչԺദɡ³ڻûּң±ðͷ
׾ĸ˼˵ͷ
ˣҲȥǵȾˡ
³ԽͶŹ˵϶˽
ɶҲ
Źµʲô
ϲˣ㲻Ը˵ǶԸ˵
ߵߣ³ԽȻһۡ
ûʲôٺ;˾˵ѧõ¡
ѧã֮ǰ£ŵһ䡣
ѧҪˣ
Źɫصһ뾩Զײ㣬Բöȥһ£ʲô
ȫ˵߶³Խϣ³Խڣ¾˾˷ģһȥʹһ£ػ˳ʣѧв
Ź¿Цһ£˼ҪҲҵģֻţѧԶһǧˮ£Ľǵˡ
˾ѧʶ㲩ûҲδز㡣
Ź̧ͷ³Խƺ˵ĻеЩȡ
Ҽǵãиܵܣѧöɣ
ţѧá
Ź̾˿Ȼ֪ѧõķҲȥѧĻ
ʱסе뷨ŮŵӣҲܿһЦվվˣɣǸӣЩ
ЦӦһȥ˲ȥˡ
ٷ³Խ˸΢
Źһյ̬ȣԺ
³Խƴ˾ԼܺȴҪ³Խ³ԽҲǸʵۣһһĺȣ棬ŹѾſˣ￴ҲЩ
ѽ㿴ЩˣϽʱһĻʮȲ˻ȣǲȥקŹ£³ԽҲվæ·ҲЩƣһͬѶŹŲӡ
￴³ԽɫҲԣ˳ӣҪҪҲЪЪ
æԣҲȥЪЪ˵˵ĺôȥ˯һɣȥ
³Խ̵ĵ˵ͷ
磬ҲЪΡ
ǰﶫˣڣֻССһţ³Խȥռˮ
˱ۣЩ
š˰ӣϲ˲˭֪׼ջ֣ͱ³Խ͵ؿס˻
㡭Ｑˣ߻ˮղŲʹˣҪǷˣȫôʪ
³ԽˣεĿڻˣܿ죬ĽӵԶЩ³ԽҲһѹ˾һ˿ϡ
ǰķ䣬϶ζ³ԽЩˣûȫûЪεϰߣȴȫ
֪ţŻңһʹˣ㹻ʱ䡭
뵽⣬³Խֱ˼֣ＸҪסС϶ĥ³Խصĺߣ֮䶼ЩζԼҲҪˣô졭
³Խһĺ
ǿߵСӣʧ룬ȴֱ˿ֽţöĴƺֳˣȫƿأִ.ᣬԼҲۼɴۣ˯˹ȥ

żԺǸİ
һ˯ʱ³ԽͶŹµľƶˡ
ûȾƣȴĺ˲࣬һҲûȥ³Խ뿪ʱĿüۣǷһЦЦû˵ʲô

ȥһ·ϣﶼû³Խ˵
ǻˣСӵˣֻ³Խ˵ʲôֻšţǰţ֪ڨڨӣţߵʻ·ʱȻͣ˳ȥ
ȥͼ³Խɵ·߰˼ҰȻɿĻݵǰ
㶵ȥͼ³ԽƺЩŤֻǳĬȻɿתţҪ³ԽĶȸղźˣﻹΪԼء
գգۣȻ¶һɬЦ
-
˻ص³ҵʱѾˣﲻڣȻΤġ
ˣΤ϶ŲЦſԺſڣæǰɩҰá
òáΤϲӶˣȥǱߣڵǡ
ǣ￴³Խ³Խʾõģһȥ³̫

³̫һˣ
³ԽţˣЪһ
˳ɡ
˳
³̫ڿͷ᲻˼䣬Щԣֱ³̫ڣһȥæġ
³ԽĿһŵá
³Խߺ³̫һϱŻˣʽ³ҵĶϱˣǼҵ飬ҵø˵ǰͷ
Щţ֪Żϱҹ棬ǰһֱûеȵԭҪ֮
ҲˣǼûӱɩż꣬ҪҪһİŶɣѪҪһ
ͷһ³̫֪¸Ƥһ ôû˵̫࣬ž˵˵ڶ
Ҫ¶ǼҲ֪ˣؼ̳вգǰ˸ׯ⻹ȥȫ̳³ҵҵھһңһңҵĶܿ϶ࡣɣ³ΨһĶˣǾԲıġɶɵʱﶼֻɳɫ٧ûͶȥһֱҲҵźǶܸɣӲȥɳʱӾЩұҪ顣
³̫˵꿴Ͼûּңһ¸ɶһҾͺˡ󻰵˵ǰ棬ȫһɶ飬²䡣
˵ͷʺ϶ˣ׵ġ
³̫˵ͷƺһ͸ӣţƽʱװǮС˳
ۼҵǮ󲿷ǮׯһЩõģͼ˵ĲӡڹܣɩҲ֪壬ÿµǻһͨͨôһﶼףռ޽֪ˡ
￴ǸСľе˵ͷҼס
³̫̫¿ۡ
˵ʵϱǺܾġ
֮ǰ֪ȷǲ̫⣬Ͼ˼޹ˣǸ׵ģղҲ𾴣³̫ԭô򼸾ĻͿ˺Ȼ˵ˡ
죺ˣȵ⣬Էɡ
⡭ͽˣ
ΪվػҪվһġ
ɩѾڳˣˣ
ȥɩæҪ⽴𣿡
̣³̫ܾĻôҲ˵ڣֻõ˵ͷ
ϿɲֻдɲıԺӣûζ
ΤϼôݳЩȣʣκδɶܶڣֻѹ˺ģɿĽ˳
棬ͬ棬³ȴúǰĲһ
Լϱûôҧſſģɲ˵⻰ֻͷԣе⽴Ҩһһ裬㣡
⽴žúЩ
ϣȻֹ³
һôã˭Ҳ˵
һݣϻһСӡ
ǰܲӦúˡ
ܲݲζгС·ܲݲ˺ܿͱһգܲͷţ³ҵĵؽǣҲû˼ɣһûˣһ̣򵥵棬ȴҲΪСʳ³ҵ˲ζ
˷һǸظԺ
һ˵ʲôҲ³Խˣ³ԽҲ֪ȾƵĺ󾢻ûȫɢ˵ȷû֡
ǲ֣³Խϲ˯ҹȳһ̲סſ˱ӡ

ڶһ磬ƺȾ˷纮
𻹲ãֻǵ³ԽǳźԽԽͷģ緹ʱ³̫Ϳ˳һ䡣
ϱզ޾ɵģ
ģҲ֪Щͷۡ
ΤϴСֵѽһòᲡ˰ɣȥЪȥ
³̫һۡ
զ£ˣ
룬ҹȷ˱ӣ˼˵ֻǺ䣬ֵҲ¿ˡ
³̫Ŷһ
뵽Ӷô䣬ڴһһǹءҪˣǾûϷ
ﲻŵ˼Τȴ˼ԼģƳô죿Τְûð
вУ죬ǼҴŬŬ
ﲻ³̫̫극ȥЪţҲûǿݾЪȥˡ
ֻ֪³̹Ѿ˵³Խδʱæ£ˡ
ΤԺιѾֲˡ
ˣ
³ԽһԺӣͲĿʼѲΤЦˣϱԺء
³ԽȻջߣ˵ͷллɩ
Ҳãȥɣ̫緹ʱûɵġ
Τϻ䣬³Խıһ䣬ٽţΤѾɿĳԺȥˡ
û˵ء
-
³ԽǳӵģڿԺģĶҪͱϤ͵һٽţͶһ˫ֽŵ۾
㲡ˣ
ˣ
˼ͬ
³Խֳͷһ̽ɫ͵ر˱䡣
㲡ˡƶ
ȥ򡣡˵žҪµسţ˭֪Ὣһҡҡͷû£Ƿ纮
纮ҲҪ³Խִţܲˣסȥˡ
ȻȻȥȰҵˮҿʡ
˵ʣ³Խæߵߵһˮιüͷšһţôö˶˵ģȾ˷纮
ɤӸɵôʣĿһۡ³Խ֪ΪΣƺ
ڵһ£
Ҳ֪ܻǱģ³Խ˲ˡ
á
Լˡ
Ŀյ̫ȣҽ취һЩ̿ȥͲ̫߱ˡ

̿ԭҪ֣̿¶պá
˼̿Բգƫƫǰɣ


25 Խ
, ҪµȥΤϾܾˣЪȥɣ
˼Τϼ, ³̫̫Ҳ˵û¡
³Խﲻô, Ъš
, ȷӲֻðľò
ץ˼ҩֻ˵Ƿ纮úš
³Խҩϸ, ȥҩ̡
Ǵǰ, ΤվԺſںס, Ȼ, ʰײʡ
ǴԼҲڴʣ, , 𣿡
ǴЩεĿһ⡭һ˵֮ڵĲģҼ, һҲóڵȷȷ
ΤЩʧŶһ
Ȱӷſģ¼ʱĲ񡣡
⻰Τö䶼ˣܵ, ͳȥˡ
³Խץҩ, ֻռ, ³˺ȵİС, ռ˳ˡԲռ³Խֻ˰ط
³̫ԼĴ쳤ӿۣҲֹ
ǰûƺ«ǵǸϱġ
࣬³ԽְѰõҩ˽
¿࣬źҩ֭ԥ˰ΣҪ˯һͺã
³Խ򱡴С
ֻССڵźˣԽȣüͷԽ³Կè³Խιιһ˿Цò׵ˣһ˲ͱ³Խ͵˸
ۣʲôһӷ۵ڿɢ
۽
³Խ˵ͷ
·ϸպÿһû뵽ó³Խֱһݵǰ԰ɡ
ֽƳγε۽һ³Խ۽ݸ֮Ͱʰ˳ȥóһ۹ŹζĿζʧ۽Ҳ
-
ⳡ纮Ⱦ죬³Խ˯ʱѾûôˣҲ˿䣬Ϊߵ˾һƶ¯ûһǲ̵ģѾôˡ
³ԽȴԼĴ㣬ﲡãԺӵҲ̡
³̵Ļкüľˮֶཱིᣬ³ԽԼҲľգԺӣǵȷˡ
ʱ䣬ѾưҪĲȫѵ³ҴԺ
ȿˮЪЪԺɻŮֻԱߴ֡Τ˼ԺʯϣĺƶϢϢ
ǶʶΤϵġ
ллɩ
ֵܼ˲˴Ҳ𽥻ůɼʱĻЩȡ
ʱҲŲӴӳ˹
ȵ裬ԵӰɡ
ղŻ
ļͶվЩн
ллɩӡ
ЦԼģ֪ϲǵθڡ
ϵĺϵģæͷ
⼸ҲȫΧ˹ЦЩԼתسˡ
ˣղŻ˼ɵļʼ
ҵģ֣
˼õģ
治ɩվǺá
ϻ쿴Խķˡ
³ԽԼҲԺɻľҲ֮ǰʦѧľͷٵרģ߹ȥԱߵҲ˱ˮ
³Խ̧ͷһЦ

Ժǽ¼ӸߣĴҲ³ԽھԤһĵطרŸŶʣµľϣԡͰ
·ӡӶ֮ǰõģҪѷǽݶһ£ҪӿԺߣɹǺܵġ³Խ׼ǽ߻Ĩȱ£ӾжůЧƬҲȣǰһԺסܽ;ͽͣ³Խ᲻ܿ࣬ЩȫҪǽȥ
ÿ³Խһ˹æҪ˼죬Ѿˡ
ɩӽɶóԵˣսԺţŵһζĽԶ˳ϧṳ̂ȥͱ³ԽСһˡ
Խ磬³Խ·³Խ˳Ϳ̨ǰר־İӡ
ˣһ̧ͷͿԼˣ¶Ц³ԽڵЩæƣڼ֮ͺȻһɨա
ӣ
˵ͷţ˵ʱǶˣȥ˼⣬׼˺üڣһܳˡ
³ԽǰװֵĽӣҲЩˣ˵ͷԱߵѾõزڣÿմһݵ³Խߣζǳġ
³Խûϴ֣˳Ķǰӣ³ԽĽǶȿȥҪж˱ӵ
ӴſڴһУԤ߽ĳסۡ
ʲôҲûʲôҲû
æջؿӣæҵĿʼӣ³ԽһתվſڵĳȥɻûԺ˾ͰȥľͷǼĽ춼ģ
ԶˣһܻһߺԽ磬Ǳ..ı
﷽ûţЦֲ֣ɱﴽ
-
ٽӣ˶Եĺ졣
ζĽ³ҲûԹǼ򵥵ںʹɵϾ㹻˸е㡣
ȴܸ˾ϲ
ײ˶ĩԺɰײڵģź㹽ͬҲ㹽ںڵģھ׼֡زڵо²
һײ˷
ڵĽӱһ̵Ķð׵ԵģθմһȦҧһڣḻϹŽƤڿǻڱŷһвһ㣬žӵ㣬ײˬк˴壬һһкõݲˣֱ˼ꤵĳθõο塣
һһͣ³Խʮ
θСԲ꣬Լķָ
³ɳ꣬ĺ޲ô򼸸öԭ˯һʮһԱͷ̬ҲԽۿɼԲ
³̫̫ȥˣÿô£ȥɰæȥ
³ɲԸҲ˼ֻõԺĿʼɻ

³ԽСԺ˵ĺ£Ѿ깤ˡ
֮СԺȻһ£ʼ룬³ԽԼСԺҲһ顣
űԺǽĽһʯ̨ŻǺӷȡˮһͣԺˮͷࡣԺſּһССʣԺ·ʱϿֵƹϻϹϣҪֻǣţҲС
³ԽСԺʰ޺֮ΤιһȦ
ʮԵģΤĽˡ
˵Щġ
ĸСԺӣߣԺСƻɹԭԺҲСϻغòץŻɻˣסȥ֪ǸԺӳ˿ãȴһиʲôͻҹﶯǲ̫
ϱǳҲʱʱĻƮѬһѬ
ڿԺԳأԺſֲݸʣǹԼСˣ
ΤϺȻƽˣȥʹһ£Ҳ뷭ˡ
һлȻ֪
ϲϲ³ԽĽСԺӣԺػصת˺üȦֱɫȫڣ³ԽϴˮˣСΧȥġ
βѲصè
³Խ˹߹ȥèע⣬͵ؽè
һαٸߣɫ£˫ˮʪĸµˡ
š
³ԽѵÿЦЦţԺſ˭Ҳ
ͷȥ˿ǿŹǡ
³ԽϵֽʵһȦԽ˺Ů˵Ĳͬ
ӲģȴĶġ
ûҪˣ³ԽһɫҲ˼֡
ϱ
ͷţ



26 ֮
, ·ϵĴƹż䣬ҼһԺӶˡżĳЩ죬ƬҲԼһ, ֹܿ
³СԺ߽Сݳ⡣
µСݱԭ˲, ³Խ£˵ʲôҲϴƻ𡣾ͺ»ҹһҪ⡣, , ôҲŲȥ
ŵƻ, ³Խʲô
򿴵, ѪҺҲ͸Щ
Ƶĵһһ, ޽ǵķˮʪ, ͷһͷʵС, Ŀź
ƫƫ˻ʹ˻һ
ԺǽҼӺ߻ңʲôҲԺԶ, , ѱɿ
ϣֻһҧš
³ԽҲ, С
ͷϵķҡҡ׹, Ǹƺܲ, ѵһ´ӿϵȥ, ͷ˿ɢ, ɴۡ
һԺ޵ĴһЩóܵ, ˯ȥ֮ǰԺ, ĺô, ǾµļӴ, ܻᷢĿ֨֨
ڶһ, ³Խĵ˶緹
Ժļһһ£ԭգھȻ߰˸ӣ³ԽΨһֵľǼһζҲ㲻
緹Ѿ׼ˡ
³Խ:һ˵ģȥ񡣡
ĵͷһˣһͷֳٰɵʢܽ緹հʰãԺӵҲˡ
Ҫˣˡ³̫̫
:ȥ鶹
У㿴Ű죬˺š
ˡ
緹˾ΤϣΤϵ:ոžС
˵ͷ
ΤᵽţмƲƲ죺ſɲյʡ͵ĵƣ˳ɰǮġ
ۣǮ
Τϣ㲻֪⼸ΪɶĲӱ֮ǰùˣܶǰҹЩ費ˣһɷûʱ˼˼긣ʱ³ҶѰȥʱҲûڰĹˮת㿴ڣǼˣһʱҪܣˡ֪ˣ̫ã˶ͱ⣬ðЩ˵ϡ
ĵ˵ͷãҼסˡ
ʱ³ԺӹȻһλϴһֻ£վ³Ժſ󻹸һݻƻƵѾߣһС
ǳժ˵ʱƼģǰ˾䣺ǡ
Ǵ´˼ҲЩɻ󣺡ǣ
ΤҲӳˣ˹Ӵţˣ
һҲæˡ
Τϣء
ΤֱӰ
̫̫ˡ
æȥ衣
Τϰͽȥ֮»صƼ˰ɣǾǡ
˵ͷȥͲ衣
ȵȡΤϰס͹ȥӾͲˣʡʡ
Τһ˵һ߰еĲӶˣɵģͶŲˮȥˡ
˵Ҷ֪
ã³̫̫ڿϺ͸˵󣬽ˮ˿ϡ
ţȲ衣
̧ͷǡ
³̫̫Ҷϱչŵġ
ۣȢˣ
֡³̫̫Щ̶Ҳ򴽡³̫̫û˵ʲôֻǿ׼ɡ
Ӧһȥˡ
ǰŸߣžһס³̫̫󣺡𻨣զ£ǰǸ˵˶ɵ𣿣
Ǹŵ̫ſھˡɡ֣Ųһ١Ǹŵܼ϶˵ˣôӺͶɺõģ㵱ʱǶӦˣˣ
³ֳ̫̫˻ʲôӦˣҿûӦ˵𣿴ӽŶ󣿲ʮİɡ
Ǹ˲伱ˣʮզˣʮͿ˵ˣ㿴컹˸֣⣬զ˵֣
ߵС˿ģվһ߲˵
³̫̫˵ûӦ˵ɲͬ⣬ҿ϶Ҳǲͬġ
ɫ˲ͳ𻨣ɶ˼⵽ɶ˼
ǰվ˰ΣΤŵ˹
һ
ɩ
Τѹ˵
ԺС
ˣ
򴽣š
ϰ߾ͺãǸŰһֱŮӺͶɣǶɣʵһʼΪƸɵġȥˣҲ֪Լ䣬ͿʼڶϴˡСѾͷƬӲʮģʵǼˣǼϹϵء
Τཱུ˵һѣȻ֪˵ʲôˡ
Τϣ㲻طϣǶܺ㶼ˣû׵飬޷ǾǱԹ䣬ԹˣҲˡ
ﻹǲ֪˵ʲôӦһתȥ˳Τȴ˾Ҫڴ䡣
³̫̫˵ЩûɶãԽˣ㻹Ѱ˼Ѱ˼˼Ұɡ
żвͨתת۾ɡ
³̫̫ɫ˲ͳû̸ۼ޵ͣ
ŷ˸ۣʮСˣû̸ۼ޵͡
ԼҲֻ֪ûǰ³Խϡ
Цģ㿴ǼӺùˣļԺӶˣһ˳ԷҲûʲôӿܸˣС
ԿţϴᣬгգҲû˵ģڼ̳̣Ӳи
Τڴס죬³̫Ҳɴ۾ɶ˼ˣŮ
վһ߻ûԼ̵Ļű³̫̫һɤӽлҲһһģѽû˵꣬˼иѾҲȥˣ
³̫̫ûĻ
³ũûѾߵ
Τŵˡ
ԶˣظǸ˵Ļ𾪲ѣæܵ˳
һк̨֪ǰΤֹܵ˼䣬Ҳۡ
˼ǡ
Τüɫ裬˵ǾȻǰԣûǸôڣ⣡Ůʲô𣿣
Τϻ䣬ɫȻ˱䡣
ΤϻûƳģǼǾܵģɷ֮ҲĹ˵ˣҪǸʲôӣԲ˶ߣǼܻأŷһҪģ
˵Լ飬ֻΤһ
Ժã³̫̫ˡ͡ˡ
˵ɫÿΤϺӳ˳ȥ
ΤЦʣţˣ
ͷϣΤϵЦһӻǿһЦŴˡ
ߺΤæߵ³̫̫Աߣո˵ɶˣ
³̫̫һû
Τһ㶣֪Լ͵±﷢ˡ
ϱҽ³̫̫æӦһŽˡ
ΤϻҲ֪ǲʵģֻºģȥæˡ
ﱾ˵糴˿ͶģΤϱ㿪ʼһ˿ˣ»
ã˵ɶˣΤϺ漫ˡ
ҡҡͷû˵ʲôʹɩ֮ǰ˵Щ˵Сϰգʲô˼ң£ұϡ
ΤϣҾ˵ǸĴ߶ȥˣǮˣ
ЦЦû˵ˣָָкõĶɩҰѶý׼ˣҲӦòʱˡ

³̽΢еæ³ԽչƽҪһʱæ֮ɫҴҵľ͹š
ȻصѾ΢΢ڣȫҲԹˡ
³ԽԺӣϰԵȥӰȴû뵽ȿԼ̫̫վԺſڣɻˡ

³̫̫
³Խݺ󣬴Ҳڣ³̫̫¸˵ˣ³Խüͷ
³̫̫ô£
³Խֻ˵֣֡
³̫̫˵ͷأ
³ɣ
ºûɶϵɣҾҲ׵
³̫̫У£ɻȥɣϱڵ㡣
³ԽߣŲɿ죬³̫̫ıӰƲƲ졣
³ɣզˣǳˣ
³̫̫Ϻһơ
-
壬³Խæеӭ˹ȥˣڳŵģȥˡ
³ԽûӦס
վ˽ţ³Խӡ
˵ˣ£֪˰ɡ
˵ͷ
³Խţ޻̸֮¾ܷ
ʲô£
³Խһ㶣ȻЩݡ
ӵ¡
ЦЦŶ˵ˣûϵġԷɣ˰ɣ
³Խڵ۽ĶЩΣûѽҶ˵ˣ˵ֻѴӴˡۼЩϵŻ˵ġ
³Խһ
ԷЦЦ³Խɿ֡
һȥ˳˳ºõķȻһصԼԺ粽롣
糴һ˿ͼҳ³Խ˳һ
ʣ𣿲Ļٸ
³Խˡ
ȥеݲ˻߽ɣ˿е٣ݲ˻ǽ
³Խ룺ݲ˰ɡ
ܿһСݲ˹³ԽڼľǰԷ
³Խȷˣڴڵ͡
ҭšָ˱ˮ
³Խһڷס֣
զˣ
³ԽûȢ֮ǰ˶ͷ˵ңզ⣿
㶣̧ͷ㲻Ҳû𡭡
³ԽĬˣû˵˹ʣһֱû㣬֪£ΪɶȢѽ
³Խüͷ
Ϊɶ
Ҳ˵Ϊɶ
ֻ֪ԼȻӦȥˮ忴ȻѾ⡣
Ǻٶ£¶ǲıġ
³Խ˵ȻҲûվ׼ʰ꣬³ԽȻʹӺ潫һ
һѽϻء
³Խ͸㲱ϴգ㡭Ҳ˵Ϊɶ϶ˡ
һ˸˻ûæＷ˳ȥܵȥˡ
ڳˢ룬ϵĺȥ

һ³Խ³һЩݶｻˡ
Ǽǰ˳Ƕûô⼸ùһЩЩ˵˼ͲˣЩ㶼òģڸңǸԶԶӦòˡ
ſһ
ҾáͦģԵ
³Խ
򴽡
ɲ˵
ڱ˵ԼţǽͷŲϵ
³ԽЦǴô˵ҵģ
̧ͷ۾ģ˵ס˵䡢˵ء
³ԽЦô룿
ֲ˵ˡ
³Խ֪ƤҪɴֱӷֽˈRס
ʵ˵Ҳԣҵȷˡ
ӲŮˡ
ǡ
۾ɵü³ԽƣµĻԲϲ᲻صһơ
ôδйĺ졣
Ȼһ³Խϵıĵıˣֻôӳ°һģ˯һ
-
ֹһգ³СԺָƽ
ºܿͱ֮Ժ󣬽ģ˴еصũ˼Ѿʼæˡ
һ֮ڴⴺһҪ飬³Ҳ⡣
˵⼸³ҵѾתƵֹҵ³еصģһ١
ϵȵˮаĶеһĶһĶµȵĸءһ³Խ³ɳкӵ飬
³ҵﵹҲԶͷȻǲض˵ġ
³̫̫ڻʳϸһЩӼٶٶܼ⣬ǱŻĳԣǿ⣬ͲӹǺ廨⻹һ£һͷˣ³̫̫ȴǰۡ
ھᣬ³̫̫͹˵ӸݹԶզˣ
Ȼ˵ҲĽģǰ³ҵĹ⾰ǺðӺüҾˣҲţǶٶٳ⣬˼ҲԵ𰡡
ֺóɺͶûʱԷͺΤһһȥͷ

˰װʳУ³ԽСϾ׼
ȻѶҴϣһҪꡣ
ʱʱĻ¼ëë꣬ͣԽ꣬ҲԽ࣬ſڵĶժͷϣ⶷Ҷ˵еһ·ǲͣĳ»ﻹҪֳȥһ
ţȻͷ˿С
֮ǰ³ԽСӵʱûʶȴǺȻһ¡Ǿһ ³̣Ҳһӣװ׸⡣
Ǿ˾˵ģִأұԵûоĥһ·Եĸܾǣ֡
ϵС㣬ĥʮϸ
ȻЦˡ
˿˿ģŲҲɵ˼֡³ҵܿܿˣǸߴıӰ͵Ĳ磬ͷһվ﹡ϴĺһ䣺ɡ
ǴһҲûаũҸ˵Ĵɤţֻ˶һ֣ʱﲻ˶ͷȥֻ﹡վһ
СˣһɫĲƤӯӯģ³ԽЦ
³Խ۾˲һվֱӾͳߡ
ﶼһȺүǣꡢ˷ģ³Խǵĵ٩﹡
ˣôûɡ
³Խߵߣһǰ˷ҪĶҡ
̫ˣҸ±һ
￴С¹һﷺžӨĹ⡣
Ҳ˵ֻЦ
³Խ֪ԼСϱôôģֻҲȾҲһӳ嶯



27 
﹡Ķ, ³ԽҲֻţȭͷӲסˡ
ȥǱߡ
ϻƮëë, ³Խ, ͵﹡ϵһС֡
﹡ĲںпЦȤģ³컯֣Сĵ
Ц, ³Խû, ֻǳ﷽˵, סǵߡ
, ³
, ǰ
ЩڵЦȻ, ҲЩ, ³Խܿʹһû˵ĵطڷ絲, һľͷӡ
˰ľͷɾ, 
ʳУʵʵһ׷, ³ԽԹ, ʱרɰ, ײˢһ, һĹͷ, ĵһ, ɫĵҺ׷, һھǼ㡣
һ߿, Լ˻㡣
һƻ, 𣿡ˮó, ³ԽҡҡͷȻԼõ
Цõˮѣֲֻƣǽƻˣˮ˳
Ӹɻ࣬³ԽֽʵһȦǱŻϵ⵹û٣ֻȥӲģû¾ϲһ
ȿˮ컹жܸѽ
³Խӹˮһڣθõ㣬ǱߵأۼҵĻҪһƻȥˡ
˯ϴˮԼ𣿡ûˣ³Խ޼ɵﴹ۽ޣԡ
³Խһò⣺̫ˣԵ㡣
ĿϾ⡣
³ԽֻЦ
꽥ͣˣվҵûȥˣȻһҪˡ
߰ɣ㵽ǰȥ
³Խվ˶ңһ˵˵ʱȷˡԶ˿һҴҵӰҲ˹
ܡã
ͷһȻɴ۾ҲǱˣ³ɡ
Ŷӣ۰Ͱ͵Ŀ³ԽߵʳУãҵķǲ
ʱȻѴķˡ
³ԽһʳݸƻҲ㡣
³ɶ˰Σֿѷ˽˹ȥ
ߵ³ԽһѣΣ³ԽͷҲ¶Ц
-
һֱæ˴¡
Ī˵³Խ³Ҳ˲٣˻ⲼׯҲԽԽã³һ㣬Ļ³Խ϶һ㡣
ﻹÿ춼ȥͷһƬغɽ˵ĽŲ˸顣
ʱæˣ³ԽʹɽժҰ׽硣
ɽرˮƽ̹һЩСϪҲʮ峺ܿ쵽ȽڣСǶҪһԼΣ̤Ϸˮаˡ
ҲɽһȪۡ
СϪͷһˣϻͷ֣вٵ磬ǰɽס֪ЩҪǻȥһһЩģͷˮϸҡ
³ԽһĲһСһ
εķɿ죬ÿÿ׼֣ȴʧ֮ۡЩ٣³ԽװĿѾˣ֮͹æ
СһϪˮ϶Щ磬ʱ䲻֪ĹȥֱԶһ߹ɽˣƺͣһᣬź
̧ͷϳˮġ
զûȥ
ôˣ
㻹֪˾˳ˡ
һɫ䣺Ҿ˾զˣ
˵ڵˣض²ĸڼҿأΪ֪
һɫ䣬³Խ˿ǰˣο𼱣ǻȥ
æͷ
Ҳ˲׽ʲôˣʰɽɽҪȥˮһţ³Խ˵˼ۣʹϳˡ
ô죿ʡ
Ҹʶ˸˻ȥ˵ġ
ͷԷһЩ
ţܿ͵ˮ壬żԺſھĵģ˳æ˽ȥĸ˾ˣ
Ϻܿʹ˳ȣզˣ
˵˾ˣҪ𣿣
³Խʱţ˩Ҳ˽ϵ۾Щף֪ˣɡ
³Խһݡ
Źƺ˵Ĳᣬڴɫ԰ףƽֻſţӵ»һ
˾ˡۡ
Ź̧ͷﰡôˡ
˾ˣ𣿡
Ź£СˣǿЦˡ
³Խʣô˵
Ӳ˲۽ǣˣ˵Ҫ£ָôҲҪ
жǵģô
ϲ˲᣺˾òũˣڵﴺܲˣһ񣬾Ťˡ
ŹǵȥͲܸɻˣﰲο䣬ͺһˡ
Ժһ߶Źµˣ̾Ǵ˵ٵģûҺ˵£Ҳ²ˡ
뵽ҪЩȴû뵽ôء
ҪҪһ򿴿
ϣˣǾĴ򣬶ô˵ֻܾţôɡ
³Խʱʣĵػжٻ
ϣҾûָЩأһˣҪչҪϴʵҲûҪǸɲɣͷŰɡ
Щѹ˳Ĭ
³Խû˵ߵԺ￸˳ͷĸȥĵأܷҾͷһͷ֣ôҲЩ
ˡ
ϣ鷳˰ǡɡ

ڶżҴϲŻȥһٷְԺѻϴˡ³ԽҲϰӺɽĴȫһ飬Щϲסĵл³Խˮͷ
ȥ·ϣһ·Ĭ
ؼҺ³Խȥ̫̫һľ³̫̫˵û˵ʲôֻϢ
һֱ˿ﻹǺܲܡ
³Խӱ˱סˡ
ʲô
ҡҡͷûʲô
³ԽʵҲ֪Ĭһ֣͵Ǯɣṻ
һӱת
ڰ³Խ򶨣˾ǵĵпյĻȥտտһ󶹣Ӿ˾ȥ飬ҪǮģᣬ˿գҲؼȥ
ˣϽȥţԺҲ㡣
Ȼ˳˵ʲôȴһ仰˵ҭҭ죬³ԽƸС
ʲô
ֻҡͷһҡͷ
Ҫô࡭֮ǰᣬһֱšҸỹ㣬ˡܲܣȥĸ͵ģ
³ԽʧЦ
˵ʲôɵʲô裿ϱ裿ǴñЦң
ûǸ˼
³Խָ˲ˣɣᣬٸȡᣬţҲʹҪģһֱţҾȥ
Щԥ
Ǳ㲻õģȥ˵˯ɣ컹Ҫæ
ᣬԹԵ£û³ԽӲģĸ첲˯ˡ

һ磬ڳ׼緹³Խ³̫̫
£ˣ
³Խš
³̫̫鸴ӵĿϢˣ֮ǰҲ
ǰˣҸȡǮˡҳ£ҳӦ𣿡
ǳǳǮֳҲ˵ǳǮȫռ˰ɣţţ֮ǰզ˵ģ˵鷳òϣڵˣ˵ǰ˼Ҿ˵ϱҿϴҲȲ㡭
³ԽŴ˵³̫̫ӣǮԳͲˡȥæ˰ˣⴺ㶼һȦȥ˼Ұæ
ﲻǱˡ³ԽǼ֡
гæҲæ죬һͺˡ
³̫̫һҭ˸ۡ
Ǵżһô죿
ᡣżҾǵأ˾ǸˣҲòҰʲôæ
³̫̫֪ӵĵУӣһͶֺ˵ʲô˵ȥɣҾͷ
³Խվһ
Եĳȥˡ
ڳΤϽϻҲѵõ٣˸æģ³ԽЩŵĿһۣ³ԽߵСͬˣҾͰţȥ
˵赭дȴ֪סС³Խ˵˾лл³Խ֡
緹ʱȫ˶ܰ³һĺࡣ
ûûΡ
Τֹסķۣºݺݵĸһš
³ü֪Լڷʲô
֪ܿˣ⼸ΤҲȥׯ֣ճţݺݵ³ɵĸ첲һܲܳģԳԳԣ֪ԣ
զˣ
㲻֪𣿶Ҫţˣ
³ɣ֪ɣǼұҲȱǰ˵𣿡
ΤϣǲǴȥʮ·˵İɣܲڵüҳˣţ˭㿴
³ɣǵüҳˡһҲӦõİɡü޽ҲһˣҲܶ𣿡
Τϰ۶Ҫȥ˵˲𣿿ɷ¶иȰɣǰܰԺ˰ɣһȥ˵һ٣˵ʱ˵õǻԺӣɷޡˣۼҵĵػûأȥżңҪǮţ˵˵⡢⡭
³ͦ˻׼ߣвһöˣҲôֲ࣬ûǮˣׯӻæţˡ
³˵תˣΤ϶˶ţҲֻøϡ
-
һ죬³ҵĻܵĶˡ
ɩţԭǴɩҪϴȫϴ˳緹Ǻ³̫̫һԵҲǰѾ׼á
ȵ³Խһﳴ˲ˣ˾׼ˡ
ˣȥͲȥˡ³Խȥ³̫̫к
³̫̫䲻ǵ˾䣺Էˣ˷ߡ
³Խȥҳԡ
³̫̫û˵ʲô
³Խţ
һţȻȫµģҲȫµĲ࣬˺ǰϧţҲ긻ǿţʮ㣬ܿ͵ˮ塣
ӭ˳ˣ
ĸ
ãҸȥժ˵Ұˣﲻϲ𣬿
Ժһһ͵ҰˣǴճʱߵļڣˮɽϵҰ˵ȷǶࡣ²ˡˡ㴻ާ˶ʵˮȥһпգͻȥɽһ
ЦǣʣĸȥЪŰɡ
ϣУҺ棬ţȥ˾ˡ
³Խȥɽأڳæ
ȥ괺죬üҰ˴ϺͶŹ¶һ٣ĸ棬ƻǵءЦЦʼЩҰˡ
˿С⽣ȴˣϸȫҪĲ
ҲҪϴɾ֮뿪ˮ̣ˮҪˮ¹һ飬顣
һɣҪٴˮɴװ׵šˮ֣õһС֣ϵˡ
һһӵҲûж٣Ҳǹˡ˴֮ڣ³Խ·ϸ˼⣬öĩĩκˮϾʹõ˻һϾС⽵Ͼ׼ˡ
׼Ĳ࣬￪ʼߦƤƤǲ̫ѹߦܵõȵƤҨһڣһ۵ٳмһѣһ״Ԫ⽾Ͱˡһ߰ʮĸ˲Ź
²˵ض˵²˼²˷ôǺóԡǽ㴻ʱòϾ²ˣʵ㴻һζ˰ȥǴ粽ܽﲻûôϲȴҲᡣ
ʵ㴻ֱӺͼ¹㴻ۻɫļֻҪӵΰ;ܳʡʱʡϲųԼ׷
ϲһ飬ͼȣμۼ衣ȹͣѵõһ׵ļӽȥС壬һֱơ
õζҲмԲԲıִֻ࣬мһڵģҧһڣִ㡣
ŷ³Խˡ
ִ󶹿ɱȲۣʱһĺ³ͷ¾ߵˮرϴӳ̽̽ͷ˺ʪĺ󱳡
򴽣ջߡѼ˳ʼ⽣⽺ܿԷ˸ϲˣõʢһСл³Խʢ˿ʮųԺﺰˣ
Źϴݳʢã˽ȥ
³Խڷǰ£Լָ˼Ե
³ԽˣҲԡ
һҧȥЩ̣˵ȴ͵һ´֭ˮбŷ˵Ŀڸвɲˬкڵ壬³ԽһһƺҲ̡
һڳԲ꣬һһҧһڴҰһֱζڼҼһ⣬ʱڣ͸Щͨʱ߲ˡ
³ԽԵĺ㣬Ȼû⣬ȴҹʱ
ɫѾڣżСԺﴺ绺Ҫȥʰ꣬ȥˡ
ذɡ⼸лǺܸжģ޳ȥŮóȥˮοǸŮƤٺҲİõĽһС
˵ͷ³ԽԺӣ֮ǰ˵˾䣺ӵ״©ˣĸһȥ
ûӦ³ԽѾţԶˡϻص˳򿪹ӣûʲôҪ©״ֻ״ԱߣǮ
˰ΣذǮĴָĨĨ۽ǡ
-
֮³Խ˵ζڶӵ֮ժ
ӵҰˣ³̫̫Τһ
ҵүժô
ȫ˶³Խֻ͵͵ЦҰһ١Ұ硱£ȫ˶˵ˡ
³̫̫Ե죬ҲЩ̾
ǰʱҰûٳԵģֻʱôʵҰ̹ˮӵΰͺͽͽžͳˣҰͷ³Һܳһʱķˡ
ǽˣⶼˣͷЩҰˡи̾˼䣬
˾˻ðɣ
ϣﱾһֱĬ͵̧ͷЩȣá
ǾͺãĸһҲͦ׵ģûôһŸɡ
³̫̫仰˵ˣȻ˷ź֪ĳ˳³Խӣǲˣ
³Խû㣬롣
ȴ֪³ԽΪҵ³ͷû˵϶ǲ˵ģֻǽôͺȻת̬ȡ
룬ĸ˵Ǿ仰̡
ˣ¶һ˿ˣġ
-
ˣӸ³Խʶ˲١
ܷܲ֡ЩɵĵأΨһ¸ɲǾ
ǹŽţƤۣһͱȣҺ³ԽۼֿĵˣӴ֮˸Ӱ³Խ˵ʲôҲˡ
³Խʱ﹡ȡ
ȥ֮ûã͵˸¶ң³ԽֱģСɵĺܣͷ͸¶һ˵Ŀɰ³Խһ̧ͷܿԼСڲԶɵһѡ
жʱ˾˰ܸĻ³Խʱܸ꣬ȻԼСӣŻƻ裬һͬؼҡ
һֱµ׳׽һ絾Ѿֺãɻĵһ죬³ԽȻѵõ˯˸
󿴼˼Ĳǰһ޼ĺðͷܿ˯е³Խ֪˰죬عЩ̡
ŵӿŲ˳ϷţȥԺæˡ
Ӽһ̶ߴߴԺﶫܣÿ춼ҪЩС̣ιιˮģ˭ϸ
ֻ׽Щ綼ˣ㱾οСӣЩɥ
ڳˮԺ³̫̫඼û𣬺ȻԺſ˵һּͣ³磿ڲڣ
һæӳܹȥţſǸˣ֮ɫ
ǡ
ǲׯĻƣ³ڲڣ
³̫̫˿̴˳ɶ£ô
ǻƼ̫̫æǰˣһȺ֡
ԺԺĴڴʱˣ³һߴ·һ߳ߣզզˣ
簡ǰ
ǲǱ߷һ˿Ǳˣ˵ԴγҪǮ£˺͹ٸ״˵Ĵ巸˼ɻ䣬ٸҲˣ
³ɫͻ䣺˵˵˿˾ݽĻô⣡壬ɶ壿
Ҳȥɣ
³ɼˣЬûþܣ³̫̫סЩʲôɣҲȥզ¡
³Խ˵ͷá
ֵܳţΤҲǻңҪҲȥ
³̫̫˼ұȥңڼš
һģ˸£ȫ˶ûʲô飬ҲģڳʱҲʱʱ⿴
쵽磬³ɺ³Խһˡ
Τϵһӭ˳ȥզզ£
³ɻͷģ³ԽҲЩأ˵ɡ
ȫȥ̫̫³ɱﲻסˣĸҪңȥٸ״
³̫̫զ£˵
³Խȥݽ˿Ӧ˵ˣǱȥ˼ҲˣҪǮ⵹ˣ£˵Ǵǹͷӵʽȥٸ״˵ϲ⣬治
Τϵɴۣʲʲôӡĵͼ
³ԽţͼǴģ㻹ǵ𣿡
³ɿΤϣ
Τɫˣǡǲǻϵͼҿźÿһġ
ģ
Τվҡȥҡ
ܿ죬鱾ͱ˹һһĵͼҲƼˣһ
ͼӦǻʺʱĴɣ󲿷һۿȥֻܿһĵϸĵĻߺͷ˵ëӦǷﴩĵ
ﴩĵѰõͼ³ɾӪׯЩ֪꣬ͳ˲ۣʲôˣ壬ѹֱ˸浽ٸȥˡ
ⲻС£˵³ҪȥηˣΤ˲ûĹǣ޳֡ô졭
³Խ¾ȥ˼ֻҪҵ̻գٸǰӦþ£ڹٸǱߣү˼ǿɴСҲҪǮ
ǮҪ¡һֱĬ³̫̫˿̿ڡ
˭Ҫɣ˭Ҫ³ң
³ɿˣȥʱӦǱǸص̷ƭˣһˣԩǻϵͼЩ˶壬ɰӶģôȥأ
³ԽԥһǵҺ͹ٸˣ˵Ǹոľٱģ
³̫̫ɫһ
ţ
ɸҵ˾ֻʣһˣʮ֪ʲôﴩĵýָͷҲ֪ǸСϱϵɣ
³̫̫ŭˣӾ𣺡øϣǿˣ
ϻش¾ߥ޵ģɣţھȥ壡
ˮ򣬵ǽų̶ǲģ³ҲһԾ𣺡Ҳȥ
Τϸضãң
˶ƴ³̫Ҳûţԥһ£³̫϶ϱͱȥˣڼҿңѼҹ˺á
Ӧһ
³ԽĿһ
ǰ³Խſ֣Źغã˭Ҳý
ЦЦİɣֲСˣȥɡ
³ԽŴȫ˳š
˵ﻹȷЩȺֵ˨þͻ緹ƴҲûʲôθڣ򵥵׼һЩ֮ͻطˡ
ҲţͰϵǱóֺʹĳͼԱһ£ãĥһᣬԼ˳

³Խţ緹֮ǰ͵˴塣
˵Ӽ޵ˣԣԭǴţ³ưܵʱΪӿǷޣһŮŮѾˣӺͶӶǸӵı
궼صϧûһǶӣȻǳ˸ׯںôڳɼҲԼĶӡӣӹĻѾӣĿԲˣֵصĿҲԲˣ˸껹ţȢ˸ңϡ
ϱ³̫̫Сö࣬޸϶֮˸Сӣʮ꣬Ӿ϶֮ǰϱµģɲͳһƿ
³̫̫ȥ·ǰϵˣԼ˼ң϶һ첻һ죬ָ˼飬ܿﴩĵ״ˣһӡ
³Խţܿ͵϶ſڡ
ԺƾɾɵģȻ󣬵ҵ˼㣬ԺȦȦͷ̶УһɳѬ졣
ˮرиСɱݻƣϴ·ͷǼǰȥ³ҵĴӡ
ǡ˭
³̫ΪһСֱﺰ˾䣺أ
Ÿ֨һˣ߳һСŮˣ˭ѽ
Ҳųˣ³ҵˣɫȻͱ˱䡣
ɶ
³̫̫û˵Τȳȥ˵ţǰЩǼҲóԺúȵд˰ɣզһͷЩҪ飬ȥ˵״أ
ΤһˣǸӵɫʱǳɫ㡢˵ʲô
ϣΤϻ˵ϴʱվǰһָΤϾͿʼˣɶĴҼ˵ЩĪĻ
ϿСȻΤϻҪһΤ̻Ů˵һЩȴµø϶ˣôһ˲䣬ﾹȻˡ
Τϰգ׼һ֣һˣǾԼҵ
³̫̫ЩѾ˲٣ǰ֪³
ҵģ˭֪Ƕ
³̫̫ɫһ븶ӽȻ෴Ѷϱ󣬾Ϳʼˡ
û˵Ǹʲô˵ķݣһȥҽͽѵѵûģ
ΤĿɿڴ֪Ƣû˵Щ
&amp;*#%#
һΤ춼ϲ£ˣϸտʼм䣬ĸֺҲֻü廰³̫̫ʮȥˡ
Τ̲ס˸Ĵָ뵽ǻſ֣ɵûʹ
ԼķϣͷҲ˵©졣
ڷ˾Ͳˣã˭˻ģ
ˡ
³̫̫ǰˣ³Խ³סˡ
³̫̫侲һ£һһǾСʱԹҼڷǼڷ綼ˣͷƼҺ˻ƣ˵ȥҲ˶٣֪Ϊɶʱҳ˶ٿֹ࣬ʲôӣ˼ͷĶ黹סһӲɣˣҲˣϱ뺦Ҷӣ¶û꣡ԺҲˣ¹ٸ
³̫̫˵һڣǸӵɫѿˡϻ˵ʲô˻ȥ
ſڳôã϶һҲû¶ûǲáûþȣ³̫һҲȥ³ǰݺݵĵһۣԼϱ뿪ط


28 ²˺
ȥ·, ³̫̫侲˲١
ɣиҪȥ졣
³Խ˵
ǼЩԼҲûʲô㲻ԸǮ߲մ, ҲôĳԹ, һ£ڱ˶֪
³ԽӦһ
, ½һ, ʹ, ڹٸǱҲ, ǱҲ, ǮͿǮ, Ҫִܰ󡣡
³ҲӦһ
Τһ, ͷһζԼ˼ľ֮ģһ, ţ³Ҹȥ
-
Լҡ
³ߺ, ûĹǣȻ̱, ȴ˵Ҫϻش³ҳ;³𻨶̬Ȳǰ, ĺ, ϱһߥ, Ϲٸ״ȥˡ
ڱ, ˡ
һֱԺֵģ˵, ʲôúεסĻһ, ӿȥ, ˵䡣
˾Ϊղ³, ־ɶ㣡๫⼸Ϊɶ˳ˣʼ, İɣã³ȣȿϵİɣ³ַɵǰͷȥˣ˵˵ۼЩӹĲ˳ǲ³ɵģ
üͷô˵ûǺȥ³Ҵ̽أǼҺĲ֪Щ¡ɺϰɡ
ɺϸƨҿ³ҿ㣡Դ³ҷ֮ǼһղһգǰⰡӣ๫ǰҲɣϸ룬๫ɶûɵģ
ӣ³ɣ
ɲǣ³ȥѧðɣӵġûˣǰҲźǺúô֣ѴӼ޹ȥ³ôǵģϻûһڣ㶼ˣ
뵽ϻ£ɫȷѿˡ
ϼ˺Ҳã³ɷ˴ʵ๫ȥһ˹ٸʵ£Ǹׯˣ๫ˡ
һǳøӶˡ
³ϲׯҪˣԼңɲҲ𡭡
-
³Խţص³ҵʱɫѾȫˣ³СԺﻹȼŵƣʹӭ˳
³̫̫ſڻ˵أţʱϴóˡ
³ԽֿЦЦ
ǻˣ˳𣿡߳
³̫̫û˵³Խǰãڼһ𣿡
³ԽĶеţΪĵ˵ͷſ³̫̫εҡҡͷ
ɡ

˰ӣϻ֮ǰժҰˣҰ˿ʱˣҪץԡʵľ²ΰ΢ɱһɱܳˮɷ˿СΣ;²˰ɾ²˷ڣƤڶ࣬һȥ²˻ҧˮ۵Ҫ˰ӣ˼˺УͰӲ࣬״ͬ²˺ͼ壬
潹ƣ²˺ӵƤҧִ࣬ȫһķζ
ʳ˸򵥵ľյľҲһһ磬ĸɾʺⴺһ󶼺
ȫһ컹һѵҪȥɣЪˡ
³Խϴصڿͷʲô
æʲô壬۾
ҡҡͷϾˣ㿴
³Խ߽ſõǰǼ
ȥһ£㿴ûʲôͬ
³ԽЩŮ˼ҵĶϸĿ˿˰죬ڷ
ǡϲȵ
Цŵ˵ͷҷǸΪûпǷˣĲǺܺã΢˸ģ͸ĳϲȵʱͿ˵ԭϲȵ˽˶ѣЩѵͳһһ¿ھӦþԲȥˡ
³ԽĬĬĿܾá
ﱻëëģ㿴ʲô𣿡
³ԽȻһվ͵رﱻͻĶŪֲˣ㡭
У϶Уھȥǿã
ﱻ³ԽͻĿ佱ŪĲˣھȥ𡭡Ҫ磿
ھȥʹ˵ãͼ򵥵Ķˣ
³Խ˵ȥȥǱ߸Ϩ˵ĵ³̫̫Ź⿴˰̬Զ˲١
ϱզ뵽ģ
Щ˼֮ǰڼҲһЩȥͼǵϲȵͼ࣬ûʲô£ͳڼ˸ġ
³ҲϲѣǸͺ̫ˣ֪ˣǮ鷳
ΤҲŤĿ䣺ǰ治
ЩܳľУ
УУȥү巻Ĳòǵ£ٻǮҲ˵ʲô
³̫̫Ҳ˵ͷȥҪܳɣҪлϱ
ůڵģҲΪܳеˡ
˷ҵ鶼˲٣³ԽһѰֱʵܲסСһĶ̲ס³ԽҪûͱ齡

үá
Цãôˣ
ǰҲΪҪһӹˣڲ֪үǰõҡԳЩ
õġ
շ˵ģû³Խȵĺϣģûƿ
³ԽR˸ִ
˴ҹ

ڶһ磬³Խ;ͺ³ɳˡ
緹ͱ³̫̫е˷Ǹȷ³̫̫ϱЩһ֪뿴
ˮƽ
Ӧһ£ʼЩѰõĵĶɰѾϤˣòϣȥ̫̫һ˫Ь棬Ǹ»ϲֺÿ
̫̫ϲЬʣ֮ǰǮˣ
ͷ
̫̫Щ϶Źˣ˶ˣǻΪ˿ȡҫģͲСһֱӶûУŮӼãµظɻĿҲԲˡ
ȻЩ̫̫û˵ֻǵʱҲãֻûôõգȻУͱ˷ˣǼ䲻ּңǮҲܣж︣š
㶣ðŵĻ˼˵ҲԼ׬³Խģ
û˵ּҵļ£һʱ侪ȵûع³ֻ̫̫ǵ㵽Ϊֹûټ˵ȥˡ
ΤϴݵʱЩ棬˺ò׳æȥ˼䣬ֻ˵˫Ь׸û˵ΤһûȤȥŪЩ̶ȥˡ
ʵΤҲиСܣǾѾƳٺþˣϻ˵û׵£ڲԽԽ
Τ̵ģŶӿЩ룬ٹ߰첻һһʱȥ򣬵ʱһ˸һϲ
ѽѽԺļɱһֻȽϺã


29 ǴŹ
³ɺ³Խ, ϴЦγĶԱȡ
һԺ³ɳŲӾͺˣ
üɫ, һɨա
³̫̫Τͬʱ˳զˣ
أ³Цŵ
ˣҪúллã
ڳ, Ҳӳ˽ȫ˶Χſڡ
³ɣ, ĵĴ壡ҽȥү, һҧǵϲȵ, Ǹɽ
ʲôɽ, ˣΤϾ
, ѷɽܸҺ幤ðǹүԱȿһ, û˵ɶ, ȻڱҲˡ
Τϣ˶Ǯ
³̫̫ʹ˸ƣǮʱ, ˣʲô鷳ô
³Խʱڣȥ˵
˽ݡ
³Խǹүû˵, ֻûȥţǳʱ̬Ȼǲ, ӦûɶˡҺʹȥ׷, 
³ɣ, Լ˿治Ƕ, ӻǮ, С͸¶Ϣʱ䣬ͬһͬ浽ٸȥҾ, ޣ¹ȥ֮, ҷǵúǼû꣡
³̫̫⻰, ɫȻأ
ǻ˾, ˮ, ֻҪǮ˿գ
˼ȷ˶û뵽
ô֮ǰҲݣڴ˰
³̫̫³Խɣ֮ǰˣ
³ԽĬƬ̣ŵԼӦòΪ˴ӵ£ǿܣҪĲׯ
˰
ɶԼ²ǷˣΤϵһš
ׯ϶ǸׯܾӪ𣿣
³̫̫üͷҲĺϸ˵˵
³ԽҲȷҽȥ˲ׯΧڣ˵ԼΧתƣ̽ӵӪȡȥٸٱԤıȣҲ£ҪĲׯ
³ҧȥĸȶⲼׯ̰ˣޣ
ɱ꣬ɼ꣬ʱ˵һأɻҪܹٸʣ˼ҲǾͲȥˡ
ף
³̫̫˵꣬
ΣǶϱˣҪлл㰡
æûɶܰϴҾͺܸˡ
³ɣֹңֱǾҰôãׯӰæɣ
³ɻ䣬Τڱһѡ
СһΤϣΤװ֪
ﾪ㵵ĸæܾ̫̫˻ȥºȳԷɡ
һ
ͷ
ﱾһײ˺ͺӣΪ»ˣȫ˶ܸˣ̫̫üӸˡЦӦˣȥ˿ûŹǡ
Ͻֵʱ˵ǣպǴŹǡ
ʵŹˮϰ΢ͼһŹǣȻҲԲ壬֮ǰʱ˵˼ûôི￴̨ϻ㸻ԣƿǼˡ
ŹǱʹһĽζ㱻ͼ˳һϹʱͻ㡣ü͸΢Ƽɡ
ǴŹǵ꣬ɫ
֮ǰ³̫̫ȥżҵʱɫʵĲãҪǶżȱǣũҼһȱԺһ˼Ҳý͵ɫ÷ǣοµɫζģȡɫ
ǴŹǲУɫ꣬ɫҪɫ΢΢ðݣ㽫õŹȫȥŹǵÿһ涼ɫܿ죬ÿһŹǶһ㽹ǡ
ˮ֮ǰõϰӸǴŹǽڣǣҲнģǰϺͷһһֶ٣ȴҶҳԣܡԷڰӣﵱɽϣżȻָڴˣζĲ
ǴŹǵζõ
ŹǿʼȻȥزˡ
ûڵζڳȻ³̫̫ȴϱʲô»ˡ
Źǲ̫ãõǴСűһƯĳȺɫӨ͸ŹǺƽʱԵĴⲻͬƷĲ㣬ǿɿڵζζк͵ĸոպãһҧǹǣǺܿ룬ݼҧԭʼ˺ҧУǴ˷ܸлֱ˸е졣
һǴСŹһ׷ϵٴ˰ֻڴڵľ׽
زҲһգɫζһֿڸУ˿࣬ϰͨͨķ϶ܴ룬ѹǶ˵ʳΪ졣
³ûθڳԣǺúõֲˡ
׷ܿͼ˵ףȥҨʱȴֹˡ
ԭζܸǣҲƽ˰룬죬һ衣
ϱԺʰ³ְ̫̫ӽе˸ǰ
һæʰΤȴ˵ʲô
ɨԺӾ޵Ӹǰž
ɣ˵öϱȥæģ
³ɣ϶ۼôõΪɶã巻Ⱥȥ͸ӣõȥ幤öֶ࣬͸ˡ
³̫̫أô롣
³ԽҶС
³̫̫룬ҲǲУȥӰæ⵽ǰæػأǮԺôأûС
³һ㶣ǼҲһֱһ𡭡ʲô˼
³̫̫һһǺܹģÿԺӵ˱ⶼ׵ģĲׯ϶ϱôҪǰ˵ģ
³ͷҲ֪
Τǽ÷ۣ²Ǽ˸ɵӰɣ֪׼ôô³ɣڳȻɩܹҰæ
Τһæܹȥˣˡ
棬³̫̫˵ʲôͲ֪ˡ
ܿ죬ҹĻ٣Τϼ³ɾͻ˷
ղ˵ɶˣ˵ô㣿
³Щû˵ʲôʲôˡ
Τϣ˰
Ŷû˵أ˵Һúÿǡ
Τ˿ҳ󻰿˵ǰ棬ֵİһˣʲô֣Ҫּ𣿡
³ɣɶ˼ùɻ㲻ˣҲҪǮİɡ
Τϣ˲ŽйǮԼˡƽʱһǮȥԼڴˣ
³ɣﲻô˵ġ
ΤϣǸҹô˵ԼҪȡ
³úǷ죺У֪ˣ˵ɣˡ
Τϻ˵³Ǹͷ˯ӣһ¾ˣΤһѡ
-
ԺǱߣ³ԽҲڿϡ
³Խ§˵£ô룿
ʲô£
ȥׯæ¡
ĬһҲ֪ġ
³ԽԼ£ΪɶҵģԼ
ҲźڰյһĨ졣
ˣҲģ˭ģ
³Խһƺû뵽˵ĻǻȻһˣֱֱҪ嵽ƶˡ


30 СĢ
³ԽһŻ, յЩȣ峺ۣεͷ
ôôɵ, Ǹɵ
˹, ƺƺЩ³ԽĴֲЩ, ˶㡣
ʵѽ, ȥȥа, ˵
³Խ˵ʲô
յ˵, ̫̫Ļ³Խ˵, ˵еСĵ˾䣺ǿԵ𣿡
³ԽЦЦ˵ԾͿ, 첻Ǹһɰ
ءæóǮûáڼҲûʲôطҪǮ, Ҫ𡭡
³ԽˣܾɵĺСһ
Ǯ˵ʲô, ЩԼǮ, á̵Ľٸʹһ, ԴɩǱҲ, 㲻Ҫи
ﴹ, ˡ
粼ׯǱߵ˵, ô˵, ȥҿ϶֧ģÿҡ
ﾲ, Ȼ˾䣺Щ˶Ը, Ϊɶ
³Խ룺ǲԸǾԼϱȢϴ޵İɡ
ƫƫͷ, ƺء
³Խ˵һⲻ˵, 뵽ʲô, ȻѵһﻹûӦ͸оϤ
˵ĺأϴɶҪϱȥһҪ
˵˼һ죬ȥˡ

һ磬³ɢɢĲ𣬲ׯ½ˣˬ
Ժ³ԽæˣԺߵĴŲƿ
ã簡ȥߴˮ³ˡ
磬ϳ緹ˡ
³ЦЦԴӵҶ˲٣鷳ˡ
ЦЦû˵
³ɿ뵽ԼĻ°ͣǾȥׯǲǮǲеġ֮ǵ׸١ԼҲûá
³뿪ǣ³СԺֱˣأ³ȥԿţϻǸׯĻơ
ɶ£³ۡ
ǸԵģǰأȥ
³Ｋˣ³Խ˿Ҳ˹
磿
³ɣܣԵˣȥ᣿
³Խüͷ
ʰȥ̫̫˸к³ִ̫̫ˣǧٰѹٸˡ
İ
ڳҪţæӰݸ³Խ·ϳԡ
³Խڼҵҡ
˵ͷ
ߺСԺ¹ΤϽٳû֪ˣиҪ£Ѿʮûˣأġ
Τ֮ǰйδ򣬶ʧĽ˳ȥأˣԼȥ
Ҹ
ʲôء
ҲԼûɣֽʧһأõЦ
ΤϻѳԺӣ㷹˵ԼҪȥ㶫£緹Ҳûƽʱһߴߴ
³̫̫ϱզ˵ˣ
Τ͵ػع˵ȻŻһǽճԵȫ˳
һæ꣺ɩզˣ
³̫̫զǣ
ΤϺܣȴһϲˡǲ˵
Τסؿڣʮûˡ
³̫̫һҲ漴¶ϲɫģģ
ΤЩ˼ҲЩò׼˵ȥȥû뵽ˣҸоԱȽϴ󡭡
죡ϱȥɩˣ³̫̫һĴȣֵ۾гһ졣
ŷӦŶŶãϾȥ
Τϣ鷳ˡ
ܿ˻óȥģ˫˵ģ롣
ΤѾԼ̫̫Ҳȥˡ
ǴϻظΤϿǸݺҲû˵ʼǴѵΤϽŵĲУֲҴߣ˺ðδŻɿ֡
³̫̫զҶϱǲˡ
أǴЦˣϲóԸϲ
Τ۾һ³̫̫͵Ĵȣð
ҲЦϲɩ
ΤסؿڣЩţȷ˰ɣȷǵİɣ
ȷˣϷﲻơ
Τ²ֿЦˣлл
Ǵ˰֣ḁ̃ĲװƽʱҪСţмǲۣͷؼ
ΤϿ̫̫³̫̫ϲ۾ˣǿ϶Ҷϱôţ
ΤЦЦӡ
ߴ³ֵ̫̫·˼ϱЪţҸɱȥˣﰡɱֻɩӲ
ЦӦ
ΤϵЦҲҪﵽȥˣ˵ʲôţĿɱˣ
£ǻص˶ǴɩȻˣҪһ̥ǸӣԺͲ÷ˡ
ΤԺææĽŲӡӣ̫ʱˡ
Τ̵ڷȴɻѾԼҪô˵Ϣˡ
ʱڳ
³ֱ̫̫ɱֻĸɼĸ˳̶ȣҲˣϵĶԽĸþ̫ĴֱϹȥûͻ᷺һɫͱߣСζŹ๾ɢ
ݹͼĴǧ򻧵ݹɫͬʱͷŹʣĻҪʱãݹ֭轺ʹл˲
Τڷ˯һǱζѵ
ƿ߳ȥѾˣɴɡôû
˵ܲٲܲٵԺŸ֨һ
ɺ³ԽˢˢĳſڣΤ۾һæӭȥ
ֻ³ɰŸŸüһɥģΤϵĺҲ˰ˮ
զǣ
³ûզզˣûˣ
ΤԴһ£˵ɶ
³Խɩ˵ɡ
³һá
ԼſѰأ˵ҵӣõʱѻ¶˳Һö˶˻һͷײҹ̨ѿ˶ˣ˹ٸ
³̫̫һˣٸզ˵
ٸ˵⼸ðͷһʱ䣡
³ɻˣ³ԽŵٸǱҲ˵ۣԼҶˣ⼸عţǿпţԽԽǷǡ
³̫̫üͷһţ϶Ƥҩ˵զ£
³Ҳü˰Σŵˣҵӵʱ˵Ҫ򣬵ǲҲʼ⻰Ҿ˵⣬Ҳ׬ˮǮͬ⣬ͽѺ𡣡
³ԽڿǸһʼҪĿܾԼˣû뵽ڣû뵽ȥˡ
³̫̫£Լ벻ɶڳ˹ţûˣ
³ԽͷҾùؼűȽϺá
³üͷǿĺʱڣţÿվǰ׻Ǯˮһˣ
³̫Ҳ̾±ðͷоܵģٺ͹ٸǱ취
ʲô취ٸ˽ˡʵڲԵǼҴ򽻵
в򽻵ģû취ȥ취õ˶ȥˣԵģ컹ģ
³̫̫³Խ˵ͷ
Τһֱվһߣ³̫̫۴ϱҲм¡̫ɥˡ
³̧ͷɻĿ
³̫̫ΤŬŬ°ͣϱˣ
ˣ
³˰ΣĿΤϡ


31 ཷ˿
ΤϳЦЦ, ³۾һ͵վ
ˣ
ΤҲֿЦʹĵͷ
³͵´, ǰסΤϣϱϱϱ
, Τ϶Цˡ
³̫̫ҲЦˣˣϱˣȳԱ
³ɿˣ
ҲЦ, Ǵϲ, ϲʹɩ
³ԽҲϲɩ
³̫̫ϲ, ҲҪץ, ھ͵ű, ǼҶ𣡡
³ɣǣ, ͵ҲҪץ
΢΢̣³ԽˬʵЦŬ
³̫̫, â, Ӧû, ǰдţ֪Ϣɣ
ã
-
³ϲׯŵϢܿʹ˳ȥ, ַڱζ͹ˣڴ³ǲǳˣΤϻУ³̫̫ɰǵȫ˻ȥ
˵Ϊϱ, ڼչϱַڲٵСϱʮĽ, Ҳڱ󷭰ۡ
³ǹүṆ̀ǸС, רչϱ, ԺɻĲǼǸϱ۾˵Ϲ
˻Ȼ򣺡ǵŶ·ǼԺӣҲǿǶϱæǰæ󰡣
˵Ĳȷеæ
ɩУֵܴľʹ֣ȻҲ£ʵҲǴɩԭ򣬾˾廹ûȫָͷ΢˿գֵûˮտһȷЩŲմء
ڣ³Խ
æ˵Ǽٵġ
³ԽҲﶯ֣СںȻñȴʱڻҪæһЩ³ԽҪտӵ飬³ɣӹ֮ƺһӾͱһˣնڼչΤˡ
ΤȻڻеϲõУÿͬ³ӵ顣
Ҫ˶ӣ϶ˡǰѾţ˵Ҫչһ󣡡
³ɣĸҪɶʱ򣿡
ΤϵĸǮסţҪһ롣
ղ˵˵չӡ
³ɣǻ𣿡
ΤƲƲ죺ĸʹﰡչңָá
˵³㶣˵ԺĻǲǶǵðɵİⲻ̫ðɣ
ΤҲһ㶣ԼҪİϴѶˮһвʺǵҲԼϴһЩɶģҲʹȥš
³ЩⲻȥΤæѵϣӳ𣿡
⻰³εķģˡ
ΤˣҲƽİɣõĺҶ
ˣҲôġ
³̹Щ
-
ЩȫȻֻ֪֪ȷеۣÿϻصԼСԺĿ
Ϊ³ԽҪˮˮÿ춼ǵϴ³ԽŻȥϴ裬ʱѾ˯ˡ
³Խ֪ۣҲһ˿ΣûֻǴϿ˯ǰϰԵĽ§
˯ö֮ǰЩҲûƿ

ֹС£ŹµǺõĲˡ
Ҳ˰֣Ժ󲻱ؾԺæӦһ
עһֱԼϣûôעĸ˵أŶȻ֣ǲˣ
ţ𣿡
ϣզûУСˣ
Լܰɡˣûʲôθڡ
Ͽ죺ǲ̫ˣǾĸãҡ
æĸûе£롣ԥһ£ǽΤϻеϢ˵ˡ
ɶɩˣϾ㵵վզź˵ɩڼҲɶҲɰɣʲô˰ɣ
ûûСæ֡
ĻҲģﻹǺܹģӶɻңдҲڡ
ȴô룺ɶһ֪Ǹɩ䲻˿Ǿأ̥˶ǲ֪úסˣ;ĸ˵ʵǼ˭˭ϴ£˭ιιѼ
򴽣ϴѵĻǰɩˣǸҸҵġιιѼ˳¡ɩıҺãҲιģжɡûʲôġ
ԣ鸴Ӽˡ
ͲһɻҪĻͲġ
ûô࣬ϰ̾㰡̫ã۾һת˵ҪҲ˾ͺˣ̫̫һˮͻƽ
һһ죺ĸЦˣô򵥡׼ôãɩҲ޹ȥеġ
ϰڰ֣⣬⻳кʱ䳤ûϵ˿
Ҿ͸ûϣˡ
ȴЦɵô˵ԼġȷҲǿģ˵Τϵ˵ʲôҲٻˡ
˾ȫˣŮǰѵˣҪٽĽӼãǾĸûˡ
룬ҲͷУĸҾͲˣúñأҪʲô¶ˣ͸ŶС
ϵͷİɣɫˣȥɡ
-
³ԽﵽҵʱһžԺЦǴʹɩ
Цҷ֮ǰЦ˺ܶࡣ
³Խ֣㻳ˣҲôЦ
ｿεεĵһۡ
ʲô£Ժⶼˡ³ԽݣЦʵ
³ɿܻܵĵĹһܱܣøҽ˱ʴӣҪܳɣܶׯһ󣡡
³Խһ㶣ʲôӣ
³üɫ裺֪֯ɣǱһ괺˿ĺʱնеļ۸ˮǴߣǰżȻʶһ֯ˣԸԸȥһ˻һնУǰĳɱ㣬˵ܲȥ𣡲ׯҲţɴ£Եģ
³ϲüңȷǣǰĳɱۡǻճɱ׬һοٳۣ
³ԽҪСĽһЩ磬Ǻ£ֻ𣿡
³ɣİɣض̽ˣݵɣũˣϻػҴûȥҪȥݿ׼֣ܳ
³Խŵͷ㿴þС
³̫̫ʱݰǵԶ˰ɡ
ˮ·ĻӦҪһ£̫ѵˣҵȥ³ɿΤϣΤһҲ⣬һ󰡡ҪܳɣҲˡ
ΤϿڣôȥɣûɶ£ˣ˵ʱҲչңôɷġ
³̫̫Цˣ㶼ͷһܲͬ⣿Լ
ΤϺʹɶһۣЦˡ
³Դˣˣ쵽öҲҰѰѹؿоǡҪˡ
ﷴӦ˼æ粻࣬ףȥòˣдˡ
лã
-
ҪдˣﺦϾҪʼ׼һЩҪǰݷĸɻˣƵСԺһֱ˺ʱ³ԽҲһֱû˯Ժǰ
Ѳﱧ˽ȥȻ˿ҹɫ
׼ɣ˯ˡ
ǴҪĿ˰ɡ
³Խü첻˾Ǳˣ϶ü
һȴǲͣġ
³Խվſ򴽣ȻȻ󲽳˹ȥľнһɣ˯
ѽ
³Խ𻰣ֻǿӲŰﱧԼԺӣȻЬ˿ϡ
Цá
³ԽΪʵڲȥƮ¥㼸ˣԼôۡ
ˡ
³Խˡ
ů˿˿ģס³ԽĲӣҲѽ~ġ
³ԽڵĿڿһ䱦ﳣ̰³ԽԾɤӣѽ~ңȫҲãҪ˾ͺ˵òã
³ԽҲˡ
ں
Ȼһ˿ĲԸȴ˳˼˵ͷ
ЦˣҲģˣҲҪȥϴɡ˯ã϶ġ
һζ³Խ˵࣬ɿˣȥˮ
ǸߴıӰҲӿһ̤ʵС
ԭĸоá
-
ڶ죬λ˵еĿ˹ˡ
Τվſӭˣ֮㶣ǰ˺ȫͬһϮ£棬ǻ߳ļҹӸ硭
ЦųΤҾǴɩɣϣСϾС
Τϻ㱻񣺡СϡŶԣϹӣ
ûСӡĽзֻΤƽʱû˴кö˲ѿڶֻЦЦΤϽݡ
³ȥˣžͻˡ
ϵܣϡϡͣҸȥƷˣ
ϱ谡Ÿɶϵܣһ磡
Ϸ硭
ȻǸ֮ˣΤЦŵϾ͵
Τתȥ˳æȻ졣
ΤϳգգۣãһȥǸϹӡһûôÿء
㶣⿴ۣЦЦ𡣡
ţͺǻ˵ʲôһƮƮҼҴɾǲܱȰ˵ǱˣŮŮÿĺܣĴүǣǺ˼ұȲˡ
ϷɿŲˣΤϵĻ˹û˵ʲôɩ鷳ҰѶѿһ¡
Τѿһ趹ѿ˰죬ﶼ 
Ŷá
һֱʱżλ˵еϹӣ쳴һд˵ĸߴˣҪ⣬³Խ鷳ֱȥŵռһֻʱҲеţҲֱӲ𼦰ˡ
áЦŰӶʱſλ¹ӣԷȻҲ
ϷȻһ㶡
λ
³ЦŽܣҵã
Ϸ磺ԭǶɩлɩд
ﳯЦЦϹǿ˲öã
ɣͷЦŵá
һյ˴ҵĺ򵥵һཷ˿ռܻӭ˿˱ͣڸۣ޲С˲ܳ෬ȴ⣬ʵ෬ոУ˿һ¹ͳͷһ¾ͷ߰涼θڴ󿪡
Ϸ绹Ⱦһֱţȴǳ룬ֻཷ˿ûζԻİѿظպã˿ܳЩ֭ڰ׷ϣͣ
οѿ¾·ˡ
Ϸķ꣺лɸдҾ֪ζ˵ҽסĿջʳʵԽܣ治İ֣֪ɩʦյȵùˡ

һ㶡
ϹӹˣǼҳ˰ˡ
Ϸҡͷɩǫˡ
ﲻں˴򽻵İˣسȥ˭֪תǸɰȴСĵ©˳˵ط
֮ǰ³ԽһҪȥϷȻȵĵ˾䣺幤գ
һ㶣ſǸɰ
³ԽҲˣ΢΢һ
û뵽ˣɰģ³ԽԣԱ߻֡Խ
Ůҵ˼һĿȻһ죬ʶľȥء
ϷȴѾվдżֿƣɩɷҹĿĹհɣڻѾˡ
ﲻ֪ʲô壬ֻҵġҲ
ްϷѾֽǸɰӹϸĿ˺ü飺岻ɩ֪˶ϡյ˸֮٣ʼĸǡ
ĸˡ
򡭡ݲû뵽ѽû뵽ɩݳǣѾֲˣȴһɰǲϺЩģҲǿܵġ
۾һ¾͵ɴˡ
³Ҳˣࡢ٣
Ϸͷɸ磬㵱׾õĴҪݽУۻٷһ
˶ˣȫ
Ϸɫɩ㲻СҳգıõģΣ
³ˣϷ绰䣬Ϸǰ棺ϵܣҲ̫ͻȻˣǽغʵҵʹӦҵĲׯˣ
Ϸ¶ź𣿡
³ļҪȻҪҲǲУ̸Ҳһݾǡ
Ϸ˼е̸Ҳһ˿ЦҲã̸
ͱһҵͷת򣬺³Խʱߵߣݴ˳ȥ³Խطʱ»ƮƮģŹϣų³Խ˾䡣
ɡո˵١
³Խ򴽣ùϵĺɰ
˵ֳɣġ
Ｑˣ˵ɰֵ٣
³Խͷ˿
ٻġ
ﵹһ
ҡ֮ǰׯʮġ
³Խˣ㶣Ȼһ˿Ц
СӣûʶֳɵǶ٣ȫעˡ
³ԽɵĿɰ
ǣˡǱ룬ɰҵģ
ģû֪
³Խؿڵǹ·
Ҳǻعˣ¶һЦ
𡭡һû͸أҵģģˡ
ǰ
һȻͳ˳
ԼǲǰЦˣͼ³Խߵߣ֪ôŪ˼£ºȻɶһש³Խһͣͳһӡ
򿪣Ǵһ˿ǿЩ㣬ȲȶֵǮ
ͷһס졣


32 
ס, ϻĶӲӵĹ⣬һ㣬ǽ, ʲô
һ, æľкϣ⡢Щģ
³ԽģЦͷɵȻģѲɻģ
, ҵ˼ǡ
ôӡôᵥ³Խϵģ
³Խӵݸ, Ҳ𽥱ࣺЩ, ھҲЩ, ֻǺﵣû, ұ˵, һֱҲûҵʵĻᡣ
ۡ
⣿
³Խڱ𴦻⣿
ʲô
ķɿ죬˵һЩǮ, ЩǿεġﱻԼ뷨һ, æס³Խ, 㡭
³Խ￴˼Ц, ˲ôɵ⡣
³֪𣿡
룺ɽϡҼǴɽ˵Щɫʯͷ
³Խ, ǽʯӿ, ǿɽֹп, ǰҽ˺ܶ, ɽ³ҵҲ⡣
¶ˣ˵ۼҳҲЩ
³ԽͷҡͷҲȷǰǸˣⷽ涯ԽɽҪɵģЩ꣬һЩɣȷԼûСڿɽʱӴ˱ĿͱˣЩ꣬һЩ
ﻹǲ̫ЩҲ³Խ˼³Ļۣ⣬۾ȻԵľԼ˺
֪𣿡
³Խҡͷ
̫ҡˣЩʱû˵ܻģЩ֧һʱҶ˱ϣ⡣
￴ǰ˱ǾЩ㱡
жٰ
࣬Ҳʮҡ
ʮƽ֪ûôǮͭǮһٹᣬȻϵӺóó
³Խ˶٣ֵȻֻҼ̳˵գݶǮҲУԺкʵĻᣬٹ֮ڡ
ͷ£㣬Ҳ֧㡣
³ԽЦˣԣϱۼҲȱǮҲڡ
˿˿ģļϣ֪
-
Ϸ³ߵģԼã֮ȥݡ
³ɽ֮Ĩ˰ȻɿĻصԺС
ãæ𣿡
ڳʰ̽ͷ硣
³ɱղϷĻˣȻһº顣ΤԭҲɨأԽɨԽ
ãǰҾͺ˵Ҫׯţſ֮ٺ飬ʴӡðˮʹɣզ
Τһϵɨ㶼һ»˸֡
ɣ
ҲˣʶĿ³Խ³Խ³̫̫ȻҲˡ
³̫̫ȿ˿ڣȻɿ˿ڣǾͺú˵˵£ɡ
ҲеĻȽȥˡ
ɣզģȫڶڣ˵˰ɡ³̫̫
³ɣǿ϶ǹԼ׬ǮȻҺܸмϷ磬ϾҲǸˣôõգҲȫͷɡǺ͵ɷˡ
³̫̫³Խɣզ롣
³Խ£
ȫ˵߶ϣû£ЩţҶСҪɡ
ΤϼæƺЩ³̫̫ԥһ£ſڵ飬ôġǰӵĽ٣ﶼ߱ܰ˳ɣáĿ֧ǹþﱨˣ˽ˣҹܲš϶ϱҪʹɺˣǺⲿֽ㡣˵壬һ֮ģǰϰ취Ǿզ
³ɣ﹫Ҿóɡ
³ԽҲ˵ͷɡ
Τƺڷɿʲôֲ˵³̫̫ӶͷУôöˡɣʱԼͶɷ˵ʱԼӾͲˡ
³ɣİһװ׵ģãֻܷȥɣҳ֮ǰ㲦һϣҪҪʲôͲϣҲǸˡ
￴³Խֿ˿̫̫Ӧһ
Ҹ׼طЪϢʱΤһѾͽ³˷С
żȥ³ɵĶ䣺զģ壿ˣ
³һ߶һߵɡɿ
ΤϺšһѣɿˡ
ʲôզģ
ΤϣϷ˵˵ʲô壬Ե𣿣ҲǲУҲɰǶܵϱҪǰǵһˣǿ϶ǴӦǺӦˣ㵹ã壬һ¡
³ɣ˶ʲôϷһ˶֪ҲȥЦ֮
Τһ㶣ʲôЦġ
ǣ˵ЦǶզ룿ûϻضܾͲ𣿡
Τϣզˣ˵ɣõԼ⡣˵⣬ΤҲԼզģɶԼֵܻ¾ˣϱǲﵽͷˣ
³ɣ̬ܲǾǲ⣬ֻǿԼϲȫðˣ㰡ǲɫǶȱǮۼҲȱܾȱˣ⼸ӵĽʹãΪûֻû˵ˡ
Τɫһ䣺ˣզ֪ģǲǵ˵ģ
³ɣûҲ֪ôܱ꣬Թһ䣿ֻܵܵӰ̡ѵõ
ӿء
ΤϲмƲƲ죺ҿ̫࣡
³ɣţƣ˵壬û
Τϻ˵ʲô³ѾˣȻʱ³ɵֻĬĬ

պ³ɺϷˡ
³һţ͵ͷ
ȥҪϷǰ˴³ͷ³˴³ɴûôԶţΤϿ޵һѱһ᣺ɣһҪ
³Ҳ᲻ϱҲûа취飬ǿŻ˻֡
ȥɣӣҪˡ
³Խһ·ƽݣݷš
³ɵ˵ͷ
³̫̫ˣȥɣϴҾͲôˣ㣬ȡ
³һϷһ˴
ͷϣһֱȿֻ֮󣬲Ƶĳߡ
ͷȥ·Ҫ³̣³Խ˵Ҫȥ￴һۣ³̫̫ΤȻ˼ҡﱾҲ㾶ֱؼң³Խ˵ҪæҲӡ
ȥ֮Ϊ³Խ£ʵզˣʲô£
˭֪³Խ˵ֻ˺ԺǸС ˰ϣʱϢʱһȥȻٺһš
ۣƺ⣺˵ҪҰæ
³Խûͣ£˻ûȻɡ
ɵ˵ͷá
³Խﴽתȥˡ
ȥ֮ǰ³ԽóЩһһĹ۽ЦŵɩЪɣ͵ԽҪ£Ȼġ
˵ͷҲֻôˡ
ߺ³Խϵ˿ⷿİ֮ǰһ³Խʱ
뵽ʱ顭ﻹһЩ˼ġ
ûʲôӸɾʣһ߳۽һߵȣûþЩˡΪ˸׼Ҳ˸磬ʳƤǧأԵɵɵģֱ³ԽĴ˯ˡ
³ԽŹ˰ʱһͿССһţڴ̽䣬Ҫжԣ𣬽һߵӸȻ˳ȥκ˶׼š
³һճ³̫̫Τϻ³ңѴϱнݡ
ǰΤϺ³̫̫ǾദģԴֻ֮Τ϶ˣݺΤЦʣզ
³̫̫һۣ
ΤŶӣЦˡ
֮ǰսţϱأңǴɩȻҲڵǰ˵ϻܶ飬һֻ۱һֻҲˣеˡ
Τһ㶣ϵЦûˣ˵ɶ˼
³ֿ̫̫
УɲҲ£ﵽʲôҲɲ˵ĵزˣķѶϴˣ
Τϣǲš
³̫̫֣˵ʲôǰϴӣšʱᣬ￴Ÿæӳ㣬ΪϹ
Τһ죬˵ˡ
㻳ˣ³ҵĴ󹦳㿴Ҫţҹ˶ʮɱ߰ƿɡɩģҪ䷶
ΤϲǲǶɲ𡭡ҪǳţҲæֲǶϲġ
³̫̫ҲЩҳŲϲ˵ģȥҲˣ
Τһˣ⻰˵ģֲǰѾʹŪ˶һɣǰ˵ˣ·ݴҪչҵģҲȥţЩ
³̫̫˼һ£ɲڡҪʵô룬û
Τҧҧȥ
̫̫Τίˡ
ʲôϴ
źء
ΤҲôͱˣǰĿҲڵá
˵治ϱ֮֮鷳Լ˺ãǰųţŵľҪ˵ˡ
Τȥҵţһ磬Ҳûӷ
ôҲû뵽Լ˯ˡ۵ʱ򻹷ֲǰ컹ϣۣŻ
һæ˵أ³Խţˡ
ˣ
Ｑĵɶʱˣ
ʱ̡
ôûѽһû緹أ漱ˣ˵žҪţ³Խһ
ҪҺ˵ˣҡ
һ£ϵĶҲ³Խȥˡ
ɩӣ
ɩӺã
˶ĺкЦһһͷ³Խֱ˹̨óһ˱һ̡
ˣ𣿡
￴һ㶣ˣ
³Խһ˿Цţ̵˷ˣ٣æֻðӡ
³ԽЦ˵˿컬ζһ죬ûǹѽ
ܼ򵥵ģ㿴ͻˣҴŸ㽲һ¡
³ԽְֵḶ̌ü档
ʵҲʲôᣬﻹڵʱһӣǴҪ˵ģϧ̵ֻһС롭
ԶЩƤë򵥵˱ܿףٸЩģҪ³ԽԽˡ
žԣֽʣĵطҡ
ʮĽӹá
-
һ죬緹³̫̫ΤϵڼҳԵģŻʱʱ³Խ˻ˣ³̫̫˵û˵ʲôֻǸΤҲ˵һΤڴϣ˵
˴
򵥵Ĺ棬ϱ˽һ٣ϣΤûô˵³̫̫Ҳûܡ
Τϴʱίĵӡ
ʲô飬ʲôҪһŮ˼Ұæģ
źӡԵľʣӣˡ
-
һ磬ѿ˱ͻļ˱ѧĲˡ
³ԽĽϾĳֻǡ
ô棬³ԽҲȥš
һֱ쵽ʱﾪȵվ
ôˣҵûȥˡ
³ԽҲɫ֪յȷҲˣһߡ
ȥ·ϣ³Խ·ߵ̯˺Щ
իĵġŵ㡢ӿ¿һ±죬Сģһص³СԺ
СԺİ³Խǻˡ
ԺŴ³̫̫˾ͺá
ＱȥΧΧȹͽ˳ȥ֮һʹɩԵ棬ʣµӡЩεԺһۣæʼ
³Խȥ̫̫ѽ˵˵
ʱ±˰ֲֳ̣ˣӺ
ӣǳĺʱڣٹһУûôõĿڸˡ򵥿֣ƵĶȫһ̲ˮ棬֪ҪóԶٱ
³̫̫ŷһԣҲԽˣòǶϱķûζ
Τû˵ȴҲһ׷
³ԽȻڣеطϷ̨ȥ
Ϸﾪȵ̧ͷ
³̫̫һۣ˵ͷУһҷõǮ޽ôǻûȥɣú
ΤüͷȻ΢һ塣
³ԽãУͬˣϢǻȽ
³̫̫á
-
ôȻȥϷط֮ʮֺ档
³Խһ߻һߵǳ׵ʱǶ£ûþʹǴ£˾˵£һֱæڣûôæˣȥתת
ûô࣬ǰھ˾˾ĸҲֻҪſϷˣ϶Ǹ˵ġڹѡ˰Ҳ֪ѣ³Խ˿ڣǼɫİɡ
ǼɫϣЦЦã
ǽ꿪£ȷûôô
˵Ҳ³ԽģһؼңȻʹˣҲˣ֪Լĳߴ磬ȴǸոպáô֪ģ³Խ˵ֻЦ
ͷ³Խһţˣ
ΤӶԺ̽ͷһۡ
ﻻѣͷϻһֻӣ˺üۣ漴ƲƲ졣
Ϸʲôģ
ˣҲˣȫһȥ
-
Ϸ̨ӴںŸѾɽ˺ˡ״е٣ǰ˺öѽʲôҲ
³ԽܿһֻĵȷЩ٣λöûˡΧвٴСģڸ׵ļϣԶһֽкá
³ԽתͷҪҾ
һ漴ɫ졣̲ס첲һѣ⻹ͷأҲûģ
³ԽֻЦ
ֻϷûɵġ
ûҲã³ԽʹΧתһתһüϷǰӣ֮ǰҲ֪ˣýζ
עϷϣ䲻ģ͵ر˸һͷһǺ«³Խ£һǺ«̸ոչȥ
ﻹǵóϦǴǺ«أζģǷһȣҧһڡ
Ƭôֻأһ֮͵ݸ³ԽҲԡ
˲ϲЩ˳Ķҧһڡ
ģѹϲ
Ϸ̨ӹһȦһһǺ«
ϷɫҲ׺ˡ
ûģżϵķһȻЩ⡣ȺУ³ԽȻͰСסˡ
һʶ³ԽĴƺůֽյεġڿΧ˼ˣ˭Ҳûע⵽ˣһɣȥˡ
³ԽмӣܲڣܶʱﶼĥûţҲůǰʱϲ³Խůֵĸо
˾ôֵߡ
ߵ·ҪһƬС֣ϵģһЩOO@@͹Ӱӡ
ȥ³Խסۡ
֪Ϊʲô³ԽɤЩƣұȥɡ
ðɡԼߡ
ûʲôõģ³Խֱǰˡ
ЩСڸȻϵģȻЩˡ
ȥ̫˲ãߵÿ졣³Խ㳶˸˵ɡ
￴˿ûˣǵͷſ³Խıϡ³ԽıܿܺʵҲаȫС
³Խȵıˣǵľͳߡ
³ԺԺͱԺϨ˵ƣ³Խֱ˻ط֪۵ûǱģŵϣȻ͈Rȥ
һšûأ
³Խͷ߹ȥ˨ϡ
ﻹǲƾҪµأһûϴڣճǡ
Ұ㡣³ԽֱףʱЩܣճ˺˵ζˡ
³Խûϣ˾˿
ᡣͷѾģﶼ׹
ڰֺļѪ


33 Ǯϵ
峿, ³СԺſںȻһˣԺſڸСԺſתƣһ濴һ߶
ѽ, ³ҵԺֱˣſã
һû, Ǵһ˰Ժˣ
³ԽڵеãҲˣԺſڸ֨һ, ߳, ͿԺת, ϻϴ, һ, ʵ, ǡ
ﻰû˵꣬ԺĴҲ֨һ, žΤϵľϲզھˣ
ΤɤŴ, һɤ, Ժ˶ˡ
ԭ⸾˱ΤϵǮϣǮϿԼŮ, Ҳһ䣺ҵĸүɫզأ
ΤЦ˻˵סԺˣ
ŷӦæӭ˹ź˾䣺
ǮϿǶϱ
³ԽʱҲ˳, ϱ
ǮϿ³Խѽɣֽʵ˰ѽ, ϻϲ, øӳ, ûⰡ
³ԽЦЦ˵Ŀ׻һûúд㡣
Ǯϣ˵˵һˡ
ʱ³̫̫ҲԺ˳ǮЦǰ׼ĸþò
³̫̫ҲЦǺþòզô͹ˣ
иͬҲߵ磬첻˸˳·ĳʡ·ѲͻҪʡҾ͹ˣ
Τϣۻ˰ɣȽЪЪ
Ǯϣۣҿδ
Τһ죺˵ɶأû
ûҲܳҿɫĺð
ΤϣҺãһ͸ɱ
³̫̫ЦҲãôɲڣԺ׼ĸͰס£ֻһжðɣչ˻ɳĿ
ܵܵģڼң綼ڣɩӣҲɶ¡
³̫̫Ǿͺã˵ˣð
ǮЦЦ׼ĸҲǰһӱһֳϢⲻ϶ҲˣҪˣ
³̫̫ЦЦݡ
ȥݵĲ衣
ڳЩ³ԽɩУ𣿡
³ԽţҶ⡣
һҪȥ𣿡
³Խͷȥȥ𣿡
ôߵÿѽˣд˼ѽ
³ԽȥҲ벻㣬㣬Լˡ
һ죬Ȼ˵Ļʲô벻ĸΡһģҲ֪ѧġ
ӵҸͰﲻæͻҡ
³Խһ˿Ц˭˵ģܰҴæ
򴽲˵ˣûף˵أҹȵʱ˵©졣
ȥ̣
Ҳֻ̫Щˡ
˿˿ģʲôɽʱӱˡ
ʱӿࡣ
ڵӲ࣬ġ
³ԽҪˣǰ˵˺ЩǮϵ飬ģ³Խˡ
ǮϺ³̫̫˵һϵĻΤϾһš
緹Ѿ׼ˡͿ͵Ľӭ͵棬ǮϽһţ档
ϸģǮϹ۳Ͷٲ涼ҪϸһЩĵ׼ӡϲݲ˿ӣϲǰõͷȥͷţͲӹǰã˰֭ܲŨһһţҲǼ
ǰﻹȥһ䣬ǮϿлһлһ䡣ֱ˵³ҺøҲǺø
ߵﶼɣ³ֵ̫̫ҲֹסЦ
źǮϱΤϻطˡ
һԼҷţǮʵɶʱģ
ΤϣͶܽǰ
Ϊɶ
ȻˣΤϱѵԺӵͷ޵ȫǮ˵ˣǮһһԼŮǲɵǸϱ߶ðҪᵽ㿴Ŷ
ΤüʵڻԺӣҲѾܺˡ
ֻǿ϶Ժô࣬ϱǸСԺסˣû뵽֮־ǱߺãԶΧֿҪûޣҪǷһ£סġ
Ǯϴ˴ţСȱۣ֥鶪ϣϿɿˣԺڷ޵Ŀɵɵ
ΤﱾܣǮһ˵ˣܲ˵䣬ﱾͲܡ
ɶ
ΤϾԼ˸˵İͲһ˵ˣǮһʼŻãֱ˵³ɴӦֳһʱǮҲˡ
һ룿զģ
Τϣ֪ôģ˵Ҫĳɣӣܸıĳɵͣ͸һ룡
ǮϣɿǴ󷽣ҪǳˣǿһʲƵ룬ôһȥ˿ȥˣŶڼ̴һ룿զģ
Τһ⻰ʹˡ
ɲôɳô࣬컹ͶȥϷˡ
ǮĴȣɿǡ
ΤϣʲôŻΪ˵ˡҺˡ
Ǯϣ׼ĸ˵㣬˵ɶˣ
ΤգգۣȻۿͺˣҲϴ˼ž˵ʹ˵ڶˣϴֲʹ
Ǯһ㶣˿ԺС
ڴˮ
áŲǻ״˰
˭֪ɶ˵ˣԴţܾͰһǮͶЩҶ˵ɶˡ
ǮϾˣ
£
Τϲ˲۽ǣҺˣʱͺúҰ𣬴ɲڣһš
Ǯϣ֪֪ˣûϢģɩء
ΤϣҿɲԳɩѹ
ǮϸĨĨᣬԺ￴
-
ûȥ̣ʱ򣬵˴ν֡
Ĳ˺ⶼʣʲôˣɩļˣ³̫̫˵绹Ƕ೴ˡ
ȥҸ⣬ӣѾͷĳˣͷÿؼ׶ϱһֻ಻٣ҲЩ˼
廨⣬ͷҪҪţŲ廨ŹܻӭϲЦŵҪá
ͷֱӸĸһСȡ
ǰҲĸͷǮ
⣬ȥ˲СԴܳһƬĲũʶ³¶ϱ׷׺ЦŴкѽ
Ĳٰϲ£
ǿĺʹЦŴкпˡ
ܸɣ³Ǻø
˭ǺͺģҲӲĲũԸ⡣
ˣЩ˻˽½̸
³Ҷϱɱ֮ǰǴϱڿЩ
˵Ǵϱˡ
զˣϱֲǻˣҷϲ򽻵֮ǰǸΤÿҪ𣬻ͷƣȱģ
ɲҲһ˵³ӹˡ˵ˣϵӪ̳Уȥʲôׯõ£ưɣ³кӵˡ
˭˵ء
ЩһŲ֪һӵĲ˺Լߣů̯ҲԽԽ࣬Щ㷷ӣֱӾ·㣬ɱ
ﱾЩԥҪҪҲȥ㣬˭֪ո߽һζֱӾͳ˹ȻθһƬģתŻ˼


34 ŷ
סؿ, ԭػһǹɶĵĸоȥ㷷ӵ̯̣ζе̫, ûϡ
ʵû, ͲҲˣصԺǮѡ
Ǯڽſ˿ˣ
̧ͷ, ˡ
Ӵ, ôණ
˵೴أɹ·أ
ǮЦǰҼһ鷳˰ɡ
һ, ָļ, æ֣ûе, ɩź, Ҳֵ, 㲻鷳
ǮЦЦû˵ʲô
Ӿͽ˳, ʱҲ緹ˣףȰ׷ϡ
ʵ廨, ﰮԡ
Դ³̫̫ĺ֮󣬸һʱֻҪ廨, ﶼ, Ҳʱ, ³̫̫ۿɼԲһЩ
š
ɴŷһõŷӵʼнͷÿζı߽óƤԸ֭ճȣﻹͲǣƤͲһ¹Ҫʱ䳤׼
ʱ׼±ͣļζ⡢ƬСЩͷպõըһ飬ըƣҲͷζ̳͡
³ҳѾȫˣ˽ǡݹ㡢ƤҶɷɰʹƤʲݶȵȣһץһɴһϰղըͷԶãͺ׷ֱٰһɴ
ζûʹӳƮ˳ȥǮʱʱľͳζǮϿûǣĥһҲ˳
ѽɶóԵģ㣡
ЦЦϳŷ׼ĸ
Ǯ֪ɶǷǮͷⰾĶܲ㣿
ҵĹ⾰Ҳ᲻ԣ³ҵõǺá
Ǯϻţ棬˾䣺ţͷҲôģ
㶣ȻЦһɩ˵Ҫɩġ
Ǯզࡣ
ӳȥطΤϾڴ˯ˣǮԼŮǰת˼ȦȻֳȥˡ
Ǳߣ±֭ҲѾˡ
øϴĵ±֭ܲ㣿ο±ͣź֮ǰʣһoһŽȥ±ˡ
һæһ߿ɫҲ֪ɽɶʱ
ǰſ˺ü̳ӵŷ壬һ±̵ˣһɫζȫŷ
æ꣬Χȹ׼طȥ·Ժ³̫̫˸к˼һ³̫̫緹ԵĶ಻Ъȥɣ
طˡ
ʱоо壬ǰЩϺõĳУһֱæŷǣûоء

ڿߣϸϸĥ˰졣
ǰɩǱҲˣ඼Щġñ֮ǰԧϷˮϲȵնϵȻƷҲǹټ˹СŻᴩģԵЩô壬Ǹѧʡ
ζûöע⣬ڷʱȻһ˵æš
Ǯϲ֪ʲôʱˣվԺˮرߣ˼ĵԺûˮˣҿͷõˮɣ
ﵱȻ⣬ֻûк;ֱԼԺӣе㲻
²û˵ʲô˵ͷá
Ǯϣˮǲİɣû˵ں˹ӣҼǵҺԺӣֱӴˮʡˡ
ЦЦǣǶģҲ̫
治ѽǮһϴѣһ߰Ժⶼһ飬ҲЩ죬ϾǳҲû˵ʲô
Ǯһ߿һԼŮɵԺסŽɹ̫զˣɹһɹûӲŸˬ֣
ǮĥĥԺˣȻЦ˵ĺãʹɶˣܸɣǼһǿˡ
æûУֻǻЩ򵥵İˡ
Щɶ
ﱾΪԷֻǿ׵ʣû뵽ʵô壬뵽ղԼ˰ҲûʲôЩ˼ͼ򵥵һЩͼˡ
ɶҿ¡

Ǯϣ⣬Ҳûʲôʶ˵ǸֵǮˣҲƣۡ
Էô˵ˣҲþֻܾи³ԽǸɰóǮϿ˿
Ǯյǰˣ۽Ƕ˳顣
Ҳ֪Ҫãɫμˡ
Ǯϻعæÿÿϻģ֣
ЦЦɰˡ
Ǹɶˣллˮ
ϿˣҲȥ
Ѿ͸ˣյԺſ³ԽҲ̤Ժӡһϲɤ˼֣ɣϿ
³ԽɫԭƣʱȥֻʣϤ˲ܼ顣
㣬Ժſھżˡ
³ԽߵߣʶЦһ㣬߾ͿԶǮϵӰ
һæĵ³Խ֣³ԽҲˣܿĺҧ䣺ѣǵģ¡
תȥˡ
ǮûȻˡ
˶ȥ˳鸴ӼˣΤ˯Ѵ˳æɶء
ǮϰԼŮһϱ򵥰Ѷɵקģ˻Ժȣûۿˡˣո壬ΪʲôأһǲƽĴ𡭡Ī
ƭˣ
Τ˯Եɵɵģһ⻰ˣ˵ɶɡ
Ǯϣôᣬĺͨû𣿡
Τϻһ£뵽ľǸϹģһ¾ͰĴ˵˸ɶʲô塢壬ǵȷҲ
Ǯ仰ͰΤ˵ĲˣԼҵǮϾҪƭһæǮϵĸ첲۰죬ǰ˵ˣ
Ǯ۹µһת𼱣ȳԷ극˵

ճֵɫԶŵһ㣬ǹ⣬һȥ֬磬Ŵһ±֭׷ڳǾЩ̫壬ûпθˡ
￪ʱýģ⵽Ǹոã·涼Ϊθ⣬ʱҲǵСˡ
±֭˷ѣ㻹±˼ɺһЩźƬÿ죬ÿﶼһ³ԽﻹرҨһ
ϣ³̫̫³ԽԵĺ죬³̫̫õģˣã
úúá³̫̫ϲ⣬ȻЦļۡ
ǮϺΤǱ߾ҪĬһЩΤϣھͷ˿ӡ
ǮϿһۣʣզˣ
ΤСģе壬ҳԲ¡
Ȼ˶⻰Ҳ˶١
ǮȳԲģ㰡һأ
Τϣеûɶθڡ
ǮСԼŮΤ⣺㲻ҳԣͳˣ˲塣
ΤϾ죬˵ˡ
³̫̫Ĭû˵ʲô³ԽͷͰķڳ꣬Ȼ˷
ɣ껹ûʰ
³ԽЩҲʰ
֮ǰΤʰһĬϵģ˳־͸ˣΤϻУǮϿûУȻչ˵ģǰ˵͸ðĻȫˡ
Ȼ³Խһ仰û˵ֻط˵ҪˮϴЪϢЦãʱء
³Խ̾
ЪŰɣȻȥûʰĻȥ
ﲻ˵ˡ
˺һ˾䣺ˣ
³ԽҲĬ
ЦûѽĻжѽۼ٣ûС޴ģ޷ǾϴЩˣѶϴˡ
³Խʣϴ𣿡
һ㶣Ȼҡͷ
ǲ͵ˡ³ԽεĿһԼɵ
Щұ˵ģҪôȥϱǳѾˣ
˵
³ԽǺ˵Ȣ㲻ɻģЩϢɣȥɡ
㲻𣿡
ۣˣҵù˼ҡ
ô˵ַһ˿ۣһҲûɩ˵Ҳ˹ˣҲųе塭Ҳûʲôθڡ
ǽˣҲòˡ
-
ԺǮϰѳʰˡ
˷Τϻ⣺զæˡ
ǮϿһԼŮ̾ǡ
Τϲզ
Ǯ˵Ҫɣǵ£γţûи˵ȥⵥ׬Ǯ
Τģû˵ֻ˵Ǵӣ˵ֲܵׯһɡ
Ǯɿ㣬һȥ׬˶٣
ΤüϸĻ䡣
ǮϺɸ֣Թզ¶ǲסָ£
ΤϣˣȥһϰĻɴʮ࣬Ǿǲ׬˰ʮɡ
ʮ
˼þҪʮǮˡ
Τûϸô¡
Ǯϲˣⲻаúʹ˵˵̫ˡ
Τüɴɲҵģһ
ǮϷۣǲɵֲ˵ŷڣׯӿİɣǼǴɼ˵İɣֿ˱ǶдģǼ¶
Τסˡ
ðβ׹˼
˵д㣬ٷֵ
ǮϿһС㿴ϾҪˣӣ㲻Ϊ㰡
⻰˵ΤϵĿϣҪ㣬ȻҪ㡣
ˣҪǶӣ˵ʲôҲҪȥģг·Ҳܸ
Ǯϳȴ㿴ﵱ˵Ǹиģ޵³ܻӵģ޽ĵһ꣬ɾͿ˲ׯɶʱٹģڴɻҪˡС϶𣿡
ã̫ˡ
Τ۾
ôû뵽ء
˵еȴɻҵһʱ˵
ǮǮˣҲǣ
Ǯ˵⻰ʱҧҧ֣ΤˣȱǮˣ
ǮϺЦûûС
ǡ Ҳ֪ǼҪүͷԣȥ꿪ʼһһǲҵƵöȥˡ
ΤüˣҴأ
ỹãһ£ǮϾֿ˸ھֵǲҵ硭ȥʧ֮һ겻ģڼҴͷɥ˵Ҳ˵
ΤˣӣĴ䣺˵Ǹ粻ǶˣԶβУûҪ˰ɡд磬ھʱҾͲãú
ӪŪúɽ˴򽻵
ǮɫΣɲôҪ˵ûŮء
ΤЦЦ޵ǲ׬ǮҲ
ǮڶԺЪˣΤϽ˯˸þһ߻Ŵɻ֮ӣһż׬ǮϻӣԪڵӡ
ԼԼеˣһЦȻ£ǿԼۡ
ԺҲ˯úܺá
Լǰͷ˯ţü³Խ˵أȻһ¾˯ȥˣ벻ء
Ȼˡæ£ϴ֮׼ȥ緹û뵽緹Ȼˡ
Ǯϴӳ˳æ緹ˣ
Ǯͣ½ţЦ˾䣺ǣˣ϶ʱˣٲ緹Ҫˡ
Ǯϻ䣬³ԽҲԺ˽վԺſͣס˽š
ǮûǿЩΣڵϱ˵㣬緹ʵҪġҪһ죬ϲԷܰҲˣ˯ǳҼǵõûеʱ򣬺îʱ̾˰ɡ
ȷЩ˼뿪˵ʲôȻͿԺſڵ³Խɫ˳üͷҲˡ
³ԽȻɤӿڡ
Ǯһͷ³ԽҲһ˿ΣզֻˣΪˡ
³ԽǰϻŽڵСûϢãЪģȥ緹Ͳ鷳ˡ
ǮϿģüɰǼҶгҲ򣬶˷ѡ
³ԽȻĻ
Էɡ
³Խ˵꣬һ̫̫ȥˡ
ǮϿհһ˲ֱ˼³Խղŵ̬ȣΤϸԺſƵһҲüͷǰ
㶼˰ɡ
ǮɫȷѿҲǵŵˣϱûйأҪ˵á
ϣ˳ĳĬǮϾͰ˸࣬³Խģҽ
ԵĲˣǮϿ³̫̫Ȼɩɩϡаɣ
³̫̫룺ţ鷳ˡ
ǮϣӦõӦõģҾչ˻ģǾǻϱչҲӦõպòʵҪҪҪڿ죬ɩɩ˵˵Ķ԰ɣ
³̫̫ĵĿЦŵǣãϱڿ졣
ǮϸɰͰ͵ЦЦǾͺð
һֱĬų԰ӣϧƽʱûĴڽܾЩģǮϵĻһ䳯̣ûҧڣͷҲʼЩγˡ
³Խע⵽Ĳԣæ˼䣺㲻
תͷԼû£ǰһϵİӾûסҲ
ĳ³Խһ
³Խɫ䣬͵ذ˽ס
˾ס
³̫̫æ룺զǣզˣ
³Խͷϵð˳д򣬿򣡡

ûˣѾˡ³Խһ߽ŵɫһԲ
ڸ³̫ҲվһߣǮϺΤվԶһĵطɫ졣
ô³ԽǴûʡ
ǴźӣβƵջ֣Ҳ¶Ц³̫̫
˵ɩӽ긣ðһҽҪָϲ˰ɣ
³Խ³̫̫һ㶡
ɶɶ˼
Цɶ˼ϱҲ£
³ԽͬʱסԸо³ԽֶȻһĻ˺
ģ³̫θ˼֡
ЦģˣǳӦϢĲȵûԶԵʲεģⲻҿѪķӣԺոιУˮɾͱˡ
³ֵ̫ɤŸ˲٣˵ɶأҴҲûˮ񰡣
³̫˵žҪȥǴͭ壬ϻǴΤʱû̶ʱ³˫ϲ³̫˵͸ˣǴҲøˣǾˡ
ٿ³ԽѾɵˣȷӦ˹˹⣬ţ¶Ц
³̫̫žһ³ԽϣɵСӣŸɶϱˣҪкˣ
³ԽķӦɵٺٵĿЦȻ͵վһҲܱڳڳˣ͵ؾһڣã
ǮϺΤվſڣԴǴ˵ϲ󣬾ͳɵۡ


35 
ԼҲû뵽, ײ£Ļˡ
³Խ˷ܵذСһһߵ³̫̫ЦֱĴȣӴӴ, ϱˣ
³Խһ⻰, æͷǽŵ֣۲ۣͷβΣ֮⣬ˡ
Цҡҡͷ³ԽǺ¼ˡ
³̫̫Ҳ£Ͼղ赹ģе, æ˴򼸾, ȷû£ĲŻض
˿Ҳ侲ǡҺûʲôӦѽûо¡
򣺡ÿ˺ϲ״ǲһ, , ûʲô쳣𣿡
, ֿ˿³ԽҺ֮ǰ˯ó
Ǿ, ˯Ҳǻ˵ķӦ, »Ǻ£
, ΤϺǮϵɫѿˡΤʱµǮϣոջΪ˯ͷһ١
˭˼ǻˣ˯ء
ǮϻǶסһЩ, һǰأðɩɩ, ˵治, Ҫ, Ҫ˻ˡ
³̫̫ȷЦĺϲ£ ˣǸˡſϱЪţȥɱȥ
æ˰ɡɱ˺Щˣű˼ֻûµءɱĻ˰ɡ
³̫̫ϣ˵ɶأû˼ȥӣﻹֻøɱɩеʱҲɱˣûġ
⣬Τϳײˡ
ﻳˡ
ͼ޽£ͻˡ
أ޽꣬źò׻ˡ
Աȫ˵ķӦѾɵˡأɵʱûߡ
УеʱôûôĹϲǮ
ڻҪԸɱҪ֪³̫Щû³ˡ
ΤϱЩӣǰȫΧתѣôȻ䣬ͱˣ
ӵ˶ϲõУȻûע⵽Τϵɫ
³̫̫ߵԺ򿪼ȦֻĸĨӷѪһǳɡ˹ˮʼëëˡ
ǮȻøվţҲ˳æԺֻʣ³ԽΤˣȻܲ˵ʲôΤǰ˸ЦãϲܣҲϲҪˣ
лɩ
ʲôģһðҿĽ㣬㿴ܶɵˣڶܿ϶չģҲ֪ҼҴʲôʱ
Τԭֻϲ˵ĻȻͱζ׼Ҳ䣬һ³ԽѾˣҪƺиʧ
Τϲһû
ɰͰ͵˵ЪţԼԺæˡ
á
ϹȥˣҲţȥչ
Լأôһ룬ΤֺЩˣ˷
ǱߣѾˡɱʱǮ϶ˣǼﻹдСС߰˸أ³̫̫۾ûգһµģɵզ࣬³Ƿ˰
³̫̫ڳæЩⲻȥµأ³Խסˡ
ɻЪŵĵðɡ
³Խùܣˣ㲻ȥ⣬ҲúðžС
Ҳǵ˵ˣ춼ǰ׷⣬Ҳ˲٣ˡ
³Խϱ첻׼µˣúϢһ죬һҪȥӣͻ㡣
³ԽôţҲůڵģֻǵӵҲҪԼˡ
³ԽЦİɡ
˵Ҳû뵽ôˣ¡ӣǴʱϵġǻҰֵأ㣬ֶ˫ա
գգۣβŷӦĻ⣬ɫ˲䱬죬᲻صĸһȭ
³ԽЦˣ˳ƽСȭͷףңǰϲ
ﳹʵЩɴס˶䡣³Խֳĳȥˡ
³Խòȥ̣ǰڳ³̫̫˵һ³̫ϲ̵ߺȣȥɣң
鷳ˡ
Сӣ˵׵ĻɶǼ˫ϲţ˲͸оʮ꣡
³ԽЦˣĵĳš
һжǮϿղҪȥæ³̫̫˵ʲôҲ֣˵ʲôԼϱģҪտ
ǮԺеתһȦȻ˶Ժ
㵱ʱˣŸǮϽžʡ
⻰ΤĿӣأûĵʹš
Ǯ̾㿴˼һֵ֮춼ϲ£ˣ㵽զ޸ˣܱ½ŵϱȥ
ΤĺһǲǣҶˣ
ǮҲ°Ů˵ˣæת˻棺˺˲ЪϢţ뿪㡣
ΤһЩҲǣǼҲǸһģҲأѲûУܵ¡
³Խߺ˯һ
Ҳ룬̫ˡ
֮󣬾ŵһŨļζ³̫̫żԺ⺰һû
æµأڡ
ſˣ³̫̫Ц˽
𶯣ǡ϶һ뼦Цк
ճģȺȣ
ܳл
³̫̫⺢ӣһˣɶ˫ӵˣһ˳˲ԡ
ǰĺһڡ
զ
Цܺúȣպܺá
³̫
̫ЦǺȲˣֻǹˣ֪иôӣһЩҩţѺȡ
ҡͷᡣ
³ֻ̫̫շ඼ˣշҲһЩôӵģ򵥡
ʵãûʲôо
³̫̫øһɵʱҲûɶо˵Ǹĵġһ̥Ҳ϶ǣϱڿʼɶҲģĵӣռ޽ͻˣֱΤС꣬һҪúòģȡСӣ
ЦˣСӡ֮Ҳһ£ĶҲС˵˾䣺ʵҲһǶӡ
³̫̫һʣզˣ㺦ǸŮҲˣ
ëһС
³̫̫Цһ֪뷨ϱû˵ģҾ˵һ䣬³ҰӵĴͳ㿴ңɵʱһϣǸŮҵʱͺ˵ڶﲻֲڣǸŮ˭֪ǸСӣƵһ
³̫̫⻰ﶺЦˣҲɲ١
ʵȷЩĵģΪĸ֮ǰ˵ô˵ûĸŵĲϲӡŮǺ£ԺҲܺùͼסˡ
ǺġΪԼ˵˾仰
³̫̫ҲЦǶ㣬㿴ˣǸ֣㲻֪ɣСʱ򣬴򲻹˼ҵʱҲȴùһһһȥҶǸˣ
ģﾪȼˡ
³̫̫ЦˣӴȶɻ

ζΤҲŵˣҵȣҲûȵ
ΤסˣԺų⿴һۣûˣԺǱ߹Ц
Τϻû̫̫Цôأһ㶣صĹš
ǮϸղųȥˣջͿԼŮ
զ֣զֲˣ
Τ죺ܸ𣿣ڴɲڣҾҾͱˣ
˵˭㣬Ŀ³ҵĴӣ
ԺǱߵЦΤ룬Ҹȥɣ룬ɼȻڣһ̥쾭壬ͷܹȫ˻Ҫǵɫֲûطסˣ㻹ܹż
ǮۣҪһȥ
Τһͨ۾Ҳԣտʼôû뵽ء
ԣҸȥ̥ȥ


36 
Τ²˵һͨ, Ǯһ䶼ûȥķɿ죬ȥ
ȥĻûЩü⣬ɻȥˡ
Τϣ, ɶأ
Ǯϻع񣺡ûûʲôҾ밡, Ҳɩɩأסùߣ
Τüɩֲڰʹ粻סھڶɩһࡣҾסԼԺӣ˭Ҳ˭
Ǯĥһп϶, һ뵽㻹߸², ҲѰֻ
ֻʲô
ǮφһҲ֪ǼҲŴּ, ȥ, Ҿɩɩ뷨, Ҫ˵Ѿ, ס, ϶˵
Τüͷʲôҳ˵ĺ˵, ʲô
Ǯһ˼ǡ
Τʹӹ˸ӳֲûǮʮᣬǴ˵Լģһؼ֮Ҫ, ûҪɫ
Ǯϵ۾ڿʮ֮û⣡ȥסһסۻؼס
Τϸˣˣ
, , һҪˣ, ˵
Ǯϣզ˵ˣ
ˣҾ˵ˣ۴졣
ȻȥǸ㳶ɣɷڣŮ̥ҲǮյͷ
-
³̫̫﷿ȥ˳ֹûеֵĿ۶Ժ
ԺŽգ³̫̫˲ˡ
ϼǵȥأ
³̫̫ҲǸӣӲҪ˵ϱջʱҲһˣһƼΤӣҲ챻ĥˡٿƽʱһ䱧ԹûǰһУϹͷźҲġ
иأô֪͹ȥ
³̫̫׼ط
ӣҧҧ̨Ļˡ
ţ˭Ҫ˭Ҩǣ
ΤϺǮϵһȲȥˣǮȥ
ΤϻҧһǮȰӴǺ˭㲻ãȴɻҪأ
Τһ⻰йˡ
ҧҧᶨҪҵľģȻȥˣͲˣҲ֪ʲôʱܻȴɻ˸ٰ
ǮϸΤ϶ʱ̫̫ˣߺЦ
Τϣһ׵ġ
-
³Խȣǿ죬³̵˶Ƴˣȥǲʲô¡
³ԽҲûţֻ˵ǹһҺȾƣһ㶣Ȼ󱬷һ󹧺Խ磡ϲϲ
ԽҲ̫ˣų°ɣţ
ǵĹضĵģ³ԽҲЦһһܣһ³Խϵ
һʲ㻹æɶԽ磡ӲæͽֵܻǣϽؼɩȥ
Ǿǣأ
³ԽҲҲͲˣУһֵǺȾơ
ãû⣡
³Խ̳Ųǲļӿ죬ȵ˼У
Ƭֵĺʱ·ǵġĵӦоУ³Խ°ĥһתȥһӡ
֪ʲôʱ϶˸ӣ³ԽְѺװ˻Ȼȥ̣˼ĺǡ
Ȼص³СԺʱ³ԽѾСˡ
ʹӳ̽ͷˣ
³Խһڳһæ
ôµˣ
Цû¶Ұڴܣ绹˯һָҶһˣµתת
³Խˣ
ۣʲô
ҿѧһҶᡣ
ЦˡĲáҾ¿棬ģԼ档
³ԽԷģǼ֣򵥣һᣬ
ֲааɣ
³ԽĶϣһôôǣ
³Խȣ쿪ʼÿԺǵ
һǵúˮúɰżһٻУ˭һԡ
³Խ뷨ҪԣѣҪ¡
￴³Խͷڳæ֪һ˽ĳ嶯뵽žͷﻹסˡ
³Խ⿴һۣСҧ䣺һ˷һطж㡣
ʲô
һٸ㡭
-
ииˣȻֻԼ棬Ǯ׼Ĳˣﳴһ˿һ峴ײˡһ
ﰮԵģ³Խһֱڸвˡ
ΤϺǮϾԵЩĬ
ò׳˷ΤڷǮϿһɩɩ⼸ëˣЩѲƻչ˻꣬ڿҪǰȥˡ㿴ҲˣһҲ࣬˼ûһס죬㿴զ
ϰһ˲³̫̫֮ΤϣҪң
ΤĿڵŵһ£֪Լŵ۾Ҫûһ۾ܿЦŵҲþûȥˣ˵æǱڲ֣ȥס죬롣
³̫̫ЦһҶʲôȻ￪˿ڣҲȥǾͻȥ¡ҲڼңһڼҲż
ΤϸɰͰ͵Ц˵ǡͺȥˣ
³̫̫һû˵
˵
ĵĿ³Խޱ顣
-
ɩôͻȻҪߣԼԺУﻹЩ벻£³Խûܣֽ˷˨
㿴
Ҳ˵£ע˹ȥ
³Խ£ȻӻͳǸӣǰˡ
澲һԶͨ崿ײȴǶһԶԲĻԲСɣ¡
ɴۡ
³ԽĽóҿжȴûΣҲ֪ϲźÿˡ
ǰȻЩģ
ôܲϲء
๫͵ġ
ÿϲȻ˵ֱϣҲһһģ³Խ˲Щˡ
ʲôɵɵ
æ˲ûޡе㾪ϲ
³Խ۵ĸ˸ֱҲ˵ֻǲͣĵԺٸģÿġ
ʱŶ˿Сͺܺÿɣ
³Խһϲ̵ҲԻ䡣
ͺܺáһ֪ļ۸̫ˡ
Ҳô
³ԽǿĹǣҾ㲻ԸСģҪǲĻûˣϰɡ
ЩĶԥǡƽʱڼҲٴ
³ԽڼΪʲô
źÿڼŻģ˯ѹҲ
³Խû뵽һ㣬Ĭ˻Ҹٸӣʵֺÿˡ
Ц֪ҺãˣǮţԺǮĵطء
³ԽΪȻҲû˵ʲô
ɵˣ׬Ǯңġ

ӣЩ³Խˡ
ΪܺúúԼϱһ£˭֪ﻳУ³Խзִ磬ֻӲš
ԡ꣬ոѣ³Խĺ˲ˣ鲻ԽĹȥ§õʲô㡭
һ죬˵ˡͨԣζ
ǣĺ㣬ͷ˿ġ

֪Ҫˡ
˴.µĺƭɽ죬³ԽֻĲȵһ˻ȥ͵ƽȴҲ֪Լɴ಻Ҫȥˡ
³Խƽ˺һŷҴҴǣ˯ɡ
һĴ˸ǷҲȷЩˡ
ܿ˯ˣ³Խȥ˯ž˻ߵԺ⣬һˮ
-
һ磬Τϵʰ׼ˡ
³Խ˲£һ
翴ɩʰˣæطҡѿϻδѵˣɣɩҪȥˡ
³Խ̵ۣ۵Щࡣ
˯ţϱЩˡ
ĵʣɩǲߵģ
³Խһߴһҡͷǡ
Ϊʲô
³ԽҲ֪ô˵
ܿʹ£ߵ޹أ࣬ȥǰæᶫ𶯡
˵ͷ
ԺҲ֪ΤǴȥסãȻʰ˼䶫³Խ󣬰ǮһѶţˡ
ǰɡ³Խ
ôɩؼңܵܵĿ϶Ҫһ¡
Τϲ飬ܾǮæһӦˣϾţҲҪǮģȻֳɵΪʲôá³ԽȥᶫʱǮϻ˳Τϵĸ첲զ׵ܵܣ㻹飬ϵôԺܴ㲻զġ
Τϲ鲻Ըĵ֪ˡ
ܿװˣΤϺǮȥ³̫̫к˱ԺֺܿҲ֪³̫̫˵ʲôΤϵɫÿ
ŶԺſߣæӳ̽ͷ緹Ͼͺˣ߰ɣ
ΤûǮȴЦŵˣǴ廹еԶʱء
һæ˼ӵ˳·ϳ԰ɡ
Ҳ³Խװ˼ˡ
³ԽȻṼĺģˣǰڼҺúϢʲôۻһٸɡ
˵ͷİɡ
³ԽţˣԺſһֱĿǿΪֹ
ΤϺǮһߣټСԺȻصʢ࣬ȥ̫̫
Էˡ
³̫̫ڿǰˣһﰡ
˹ȥ
Ǽҵ˱㿴ö
һ˱Ȼǿöģ³³ԽѾ׽̻ˣﱾͶһڿѾȫˡ
³̫̫ȷϵЦٹһӣͿѧżˡ
ˣҪʲôˡʲô˼ɴֱӲ˻⣺ȳԷ
³̫̫˱á
ٺ³̫̫ϻԺ˵һҲǺܽˡϱ˵Цĳһ緹׼ʰʱԺˡ
𣿡
ϤĲϤŲһ٣ϲĳԺ⿴ȥĸ
վŵϣϡ
ĸզˣ˵ӭȥԺšϺЦеվԺſڣͬѽ
ﻹûӦ־ʹ˴ԴЦѾͷ˺ϢҲ֪ĸŶĸǴӱ˿˵ġ
һ㶣ӦЩ˼ĸ֪ˡ
Цɲ·³Խˣ³ԽҴĻҸĸĻ⺢ӣĺ»˵
͵ҵĲǣ⼸̫æˡ
ϵݸһӣţĸҲûʲôĺöʮӡ
һĸãʲôҲȱ
ϣѽ㲻ȱģҸҵģǰǰܺģѲ㻳ˣĸʮˣ졣
ʮָжҲʮָˣûоܾˡ
ĸ𣿡³̫̫Ȼһ
ͷǵģҾĸ
³̫̫˽˵
æˣĸǽҸݲ衣
ϺҲûƴǣЦŽȥˡ
ȥ˱Ժ³̫̫ϺҲʮֺˣϣ˵Ц˰죬ڼ˲裬æӹ
æˣԼˡ
ǣ˫ӣҪע⡭
ЦŰѲӺͲ£û£߼·ѣôš
ǸģЦŵҾ˵︣ã³ҸҲãõĴյһ㿴ź²
仰³̫̫ÿĲѡ
ǰҲû뵽ܻô죡
Ц˵˰죬ϲʵأȥˣˣ
³̫̫ʹϱˣɳˣⲻʣϱˡ
˵ΤϻȥˣһҲûϸʣֱϴӱԺ˵ʱ䡣
򴽣⼸Ǯ֮º;ĸ˵ˡ
ɶ˵ˣʹ㣿
ûСûʹ
ĽѹûȥϿȻôһ¶ˡ
ϣɩţסǰԶһҿɲǸʡĵģȥǰɣȥ˺ãڿɱΪЩ·ģúţ֪˲
ͷ֪˾ĸˣ˾զˣ
ЦЦⲻͶǰʱô࣬˾ѾָĲˣȥ˽ӽȥˡ
Ҿͷˡ
ע⵽ԺӣСԺӿ
ЦҲûġǶɷ޵ġ
ɾܸɣҪ˵޵ĺء
ЦЦﶼۣȻҲôá
ĸԹ߰ɣ
ϿԺУھˣɣӵˣɱš
ԴӻУѾ̫ĻˣȻһҲֹۣסĸж
ϽҲûɶ£ɴ³Ժٷ˳
ɸɻֽеıöɹϴֽȫһ顣
³̫̫ȥˣæ˱æˣȴͣ
ɩɩǰʱɿǰҼҴæġ
³̫̫⻰ϵһξûţԵԼЩڡ
Ǯ죬Ƕûôһ磬ʰһ顣
³̫̫ͷиλεĳƣ˭˭Ǽ⣬⵱£ҲͿװ׵ġ


37 㶹
Τϵһ, ϻȥĴ廹ҪԶһЩ³Խ͵֮Ѿˡ
³ԽǮǰѶжԺſ, Ǯкݣ, ȥЪЪ緹߰ɣ
³Խҡҡͷ ˣﻹ¡
ǮϱΤʹɫΤϸ³Խˮ³Խûܾ, ӹһ
, ΤԺŲſˣ߳ӵĸˣ˭
Τϻͷһۡ
Ǹ˿Τ, ۾͵Բ, , Ⱦ, Ǽ˹һ, ΤϷ˸ۣЩ
, ˯ӻˣǸܽݾͰѴϵҡѣΤ϶ΤǣǸ˾ΤϵĶɩ㡣
³ԽȻҲ˸ղĻһԲ˻ȥллɩ
ΤЦЦӹ
³Խ, ɩء
Τûж·СġǮҲ·Щ
³Խתţһ, ţԭ·ء
ΤմѴ˳, զˣ
Τû, ֱԼԺӡǮϼҲһɶʱ㻹˯˯˯أ
Τǣû˯ȥˡ
ǮϣѶӰȥǻסˣ
Τǣö˶˵ģɶ
Ǯžž¾ʹϣզⲻǰǼңסҪͬа
ǲǡˡ
ΤϻصԼ˵ʵδ֮ǰ϶ǱȲ³ҵģǺ徻ǲøɻڼžܳϷؿ˵ɫˡ
ؼǮʲôҪɸʮᣬһˡ
-
³Խص³СԺʱѾ緹ˡ
ڰæȷ˲١
³̫̫˵Ҫﾭ˼Ͻ˼㡣
ĽӣǷ
㶹ʺиͲ̰ɫѣŨԲ⵹ǴҪǽеľ֭ȥʮֲˡ
ֻʵ̶಻ôǾﶯֵģ׼׼ƶʱ³Խˡ
̧ͷкɻˣ
³Խ˩ţϣҲһϲĸˣ
ЦŵϽ֣˳
³Խ˽е㣬ɣ̶ࡣ
Цǵǣԡ
³Խ˵ͽ˹վˮرߣһߴ㣬һԺ￴Ц˯أѾͷЩ׷
³Խһ˿飺źࡣ
ЦҲֵˣҲǸġ
粻֪ô˯ˣŷֶЬԺУ̴Ѿð̣ԺҲƮһζ߽Ϳĸ
վڹǰ
ϣˣÿζǾû㰾úúȡ
һ๾ģζȫ˳̰ŨｫƮĴкͽ˳ҨһС׳˳ЦĸúܺúȣҲлĸ
ЦɶģɱģҾͼ˸㣬ˮĵϿȫɶúѽ
ЦЩҪǾĸҪĻõ߰ɡ
ϰ֣Ҳãǰʱ˾ˣ춼ͷȣǺˡ
ҲЦЦ

ſڣ³ԽȻ͵һͷ˲˹⣺ˣ
³ԽǴջŶұű
ȥˣͷɵɵ˾䡣
³Խû˵ֻǴƳǰһ죬ɣҶɣҶмһӨ͸ӣңոձˮϴմžӨˮ顣
ѽժãﾪϲˣԹССӣңƤÿֻдĽӵ²ܳԵʱڼ̣ȥˮʱżɽϳԵھʱͱһˡ
ȥժãﻹС³ԽϲԼժö࣬ЩСӣժ֮Ҫԣϰ
һУǸζ
óԣ𡣡
³ԽҲһ˿ЦϲͶԵ㣬ʹܳԵá
˿˿ģЦͻˣ㻹˯žֳȥΪȥˣû뵽ɽժӣң
ЦϣĸҲԡ
³Խͷժö࣬ɡ
ʲժӣܵȫ˵Ļӭ˵Цı߳ԱģһķҲպˡ
ʵ̰ʢѩ׵̵֭Ĵлܾݴζ㣬ɵĺһ롣
³̫̫ЦǺöԺҪʵ̣ԺˣҲҪȵġ
ЦǻöɳаˣԼ㣬Ļ㣡
˿ϡ
ϣѽǻ֪ھǱ߶ڳа˵Ǻ͹ټҺ֣ͷûеأʹ￴ϡ
ʣҪԼڻֳɵģ
Цˣ۴ֳɵģǶ֡
˼Ƭ̣ǿ׬Ǯ
ϣզ׬ͺһɣι鷳ֻҪʳˣ
³ԽʱڣҲûô򵥣ɻʵͣˮҲҪҪ̫ҲǻɵģҲн
ͷҿ綼ˣͦġ
̾ҸջĥأùȥԣֵǲУС
⵹Ǹ⡣ϵ
ǼˣǼҿȥ԰
˽Ҳæ϶ȥѧţҲѲʲô£
˵ҾС
СʣУ
³ԽҲ˵ͷҲÿԡ
ϵ˰壺ãҾȥԣȥͺ϶
ϸֳϲɫҲˡٷԵǼ˿ĨЩԼĽĿ΢΢һ
⽴ģ
˵ͷ
ĸﰡǰ죬Ҹոһ˵ף˼ҺҳԷϣǷҲֽζһ룡˵ʲôĳģҪһƿ
Цˣ˵ЦˣǾǵĶ϶ĺˡ
ҿû˵ѽǼҽʲôʲôǧ㻹ʲôģö㳢֪ˣ
ʱһֱû˵³̫̫˿ڣ˵ĲһǼٵģ֮ǰҲȥһؾĵľ¥ĽȲ
һĴȣûɣҪ˵︣ءնүͷԣ˵Ժȥ̸ӣҲǲܵİ
Цˣӣɴû
³̫̫ĿһǼס仰

ɫϺϳ˷ͻȥˡ
³ҸһæʲôҲٸɣϴֱ꣬Ͽˡ
ǰ˯е࣬е㾫ڿۣԲԲ۾ʱʱľͿſڣƺڵ³Խ
³Խҹ˾ѼȦѼȦ޲һ飬ȥ˾ϴ꣬ˮŽ
ﻹţҲЩ⣬Ͼʱմͷ˯﷭˸
ССӱڱһ˫ͬˮϴѣɵҪֱֱĿ³Խؿ˵˵һ롣
³ԽϿȻȻľŲ
ôˣ˯ţ³Խʡ
˯ǳԳ˯ģоСˡ
۵Ц⣺Сʲôõģװֵģϲ
۾ֱͷ˵
³Խ
˵ϲ
³ԽȻ챿ȴҲײҪϱĵڲΣպ˵ûϱҪġ
̴ǣǰ֪ô컬ࡣ
³Խֻ˵
ۣ˵ˡ
ˣ˵Ǹ𣿡
³Խ£
һ
Ҳ֪Ҿ˾ҲˣܳɣҾĸҲһЩ룬ǰ˵ϿѧˣҾ˾Ҳ
³Խ룬ҵǾܳɣǵȥɣȥҸʣȥˮ˾˴
ﴽ𣺡á
ɤ³Խߣ³Խͷһ
ȻץסС֡
񶼻ǵãһμӡĻ֡ССģְۣôҲ󲻹

ȻȾһɫ
ÿ
Щ˼Ĵ˳ÿˡɻָˡ
ûС˵ƶ
۲εεһ᣺ģ
³Խ˵ͷҸͿɡ
һƿͿֵ࣬ڼϣ³Խ˹
򿪺ӣһ׸֬³ԽͿ֣ҲһСѧʼϸϸͿ֡
ڱǼ⣬ֵ˸ĻһֱָУûסһЦ˳
³ԽЦʲô
ƴҡͷֻЦ˵
³ԽŻҪȥ֨¶⣬³Խһţɴֱһﵽʹȥӡ
зһ˿Ц˴ıﴫСèһҴˡҡ
³ԽЦŽ˷ŹСèıƿ滵ĵҴҴǣ˯ȥի⡣
ȴĳ˳½ǣҪ⣬üͷԺ桭һ⡭
ãǾһ⡣³Խ
Ĵ˸ǷˡҲȷˡ
-
գ³ԽȻȥ飬ɳиҲԼһûþʹϢ
Խ磬¶ǿ׵ģٸѷ磬ֻҪԼãٸоСզԽ磬ɣ
³Խҡҡͷ˴ģ֪ˣ㡣
֣Խ磬Ҹղȥʱ·ңֿͷǸĶˣͷҪҪȥһۣ
³Խü֪ˡ
ûʲô£ȻϢ³ԽȥӣֻʱǸѾˣʣͷһĨᡣʮˣȻһڵϣޱȵĿ
Χ̵˶ָָ㣬˵ͷôôծĶ֮࣬汻߰㣬էһȻǱˣ³ԽֱߵͷԱߣӵ
³ԽͷԺЩ
ˣ˵ˣ
³Խһ
ͷҲʮˣȻԼǸĶһƵ˵ϣ³Խ¶ʱ򣬵Ҳòŭգɫ
û³Խʡ
ͷҡҡͷ³ԽͷԺӺ档
³ԽҪǮ
ͷ̾˵ǮˣˡţͿʼ䵹ҡҲͿʼҶˡ
³ԽӦġ
ͷҲ
ûã磬´ҲһˣҾŰˣǼܸģ³Խ֮ǰ˵£㵽׿ǵզˣ
ͷԼѾʧ͸³Խ֪Ĺǣ˵ʵҪ̯ӽҲǲĵģǽǸܼȷʵǲģǸֳں˵Ҳпʮͷ֪㲻ϡЩǮʵǲļһӵѪǸܼӸ˷ˡɰ͵кáҪǸܼ鷳
³Խ˵ˣҲ鷳ֻһӵѪϣܿ
ͷ֣ˣһͿˡҾ͵ûӣЩ꣬Ͱ㵱Ҷˣչңҩæһҵġ԰Ӻֳֻ㣬Ҳֻˡ
³Խͷİ˺ͷ׷ĬƬ̡
ãҴӦҲҪӦң֮ǰ壬ʲôµһʱȥҡ⣬ҿʱܣҪһ죬ϴĸ棬ҿ϶ԭⲻķѪ׷ѡ
ͷ۾һãáֻҪӦңʲôá
-
³Խҳȥˮ˾仰ǴҪȥģǽȥңʱ͵ˡ
ǵǰĶ׼ȥ˳ⳡ㲹ĺöѼ㣬ʣѼˡ
³Խ֪ѼҪôȥܹûģˮȥ֮ǰͰž˾˾ĸڳ
³ԽһպĴ㣬һߵһ߼ӿ˽Ų
-
³ԽҪＦѼĻųԣɷΤǱߣԴӻ˼һûϡ
ԭĴæΤҲû׼ļȦǲűļ̶ɱǲɱģһϸûиĵطΤϵһ쾹ǸΤ˳ԵͷΤ֮󣬾ȵĻ˵ˡ
ڼҾͳ˵ɩҲǷܵزɣΤϿھǴ㼸䡣
Τû֮ǰ㴦һʱ䣬ԸӡΤãģΤǶˣ޸ΤǵȷǸʣС£ԼΤϻųǸӡ
ڣ㲻ˡ׼˵ʲôǮƴĸʹɫȻ⣬ţˡ
ǮϰŮѽڼȥⰡ̡
Τա
ˣ￴û
Ǯϣúúá
ΤǶһۣû˵
ϣΤˡ
˵ǮϺŮˣҲЩԾ׼ȥŮô£Ǯסˡ
˯ˣȥ
Τզ£㲻ȥ³ˣż죬ܻˣһ
Ǯ̾˵˵

Τ
˵Ǹϱ򵥣ίҪģ
Ǯϣɲ˭֪ǸڹۣҲˡҪǲܻǺóԺúȵĲȥˣһУ׼ĸͻܸɻҵģ
ΤüΪ
ȫǣ˵Ǯˡ˵ǴɸʮᣬʮöðܳԶãת˼ȴӻ֧õ㡭ŮҲѽְɣ
ΤüͷĸУȥʲô
Ǯ۰ôѣ֧Ůȥ̸ˣǰѻչ˺ãԺҲлŮ£һҿ˵ˣŮȥݣһ˾׬ʮᣬ׬ʮ᣿
Τôࣿ棿
ǮϷ˸ۣϻ𣿻ڼ̥֪ʲôóԺúȵĹžˡͷͶϱͶӶ˵ǧ˵©ˡ
Τ⻰ǻĵ˵ͷ


38 ź͸
³Խİæ, żҵ׼ˡ
صѡˮĺɽżҲԶˮΪˮˮҪܰ, ָΧһЩӶҪơ
Ϣһɢ, Ľˡ
̾Լզûôõ۹ҪģǸ̾Լզû³ԽŮأ
˵Ů˼һֻŮŹ²˵ʱ, ˭³Խڴæǰæ, Ƕżҵֵأ껹ϴ󶹣
, ˮ˼ҶЩڡܳԿܸ, , Ҫ, ¾ͻˡôǰûע⵽˼ңҪ˵ͺˡ
Ȼ, ôҲûõģ˼³ԽϱѾǰ϶, Ҳ߶䣬³Խÿˮʱ򣬴һﻹЦŴк
µףѾˡ
Ͼâ, Ƕ硣
ϻ˵ĺáâֲá˴âֽʺֲâĹ, С֮, ҲҪʼæ³ԽԤ¸², ȻҪץץ
³ԽľĸżʵǹⲻȥɶŹҲﲻʲôæҹӾĥ
ϣ϶ţ˵Ůô࣬ʵǹⲻȥҪˡȥտӣզ
Ź·˸۾һ˵ҲôġҲǿˣ˸ˣȥ³ңҲԲ˿
ϣǿ϶ˣ㶼ûȥ˶ɰԺ޵ĿˣԺˮءʯӡſڵҲȫһ飬ԼԡͰס
Ź£ǸԺ߰ɡɹִŶӣȵĺܣ
ϣ˵ҵû뵽ŶǾͱˣ³Խίҿûܡ
Ź£Ҳǡ˯ɣпգȥ˵һ£Ҳġ
ϣá
-
³ԽȻǵĴ㡣
ԽԽԽȣҪ£ȷҲѰ
³Խ룬̲̫æĿյȥ˳ıѡ
ӽ£ѾĸȻһЩǹ̶ٹṩģ³ԽȥǸСһ㣬뾩һ㡣
һʼ˵˽򲻴⣬³Խ˵ԼԵʱ۸Ҳĺʣ˲ŵͷˡ
Щ⣬һ䣺ֵܣѴ̷ҲⰡҪɶ
³ԽͷҲ̧ϱˡ
ڵ³Խ߳Զ֮ûعɶҪɶ
ϱ
ҵĸԹԣ³϶Ȣ˸ɰô裿
һк֪飬˯һЩеĺϲ֢֮أθڻͦ˲£϶˵⣬ϲ
Դﻳкһ򲻰ŵ³̫̫Ҳȥˣкµʱȥһţ³̫̫һӣëҲǸĲġⲻ³̫̫ڽַôһȦʱ⣬ϲ
ϱ
ԼԺĥ壬ﺰæˡ
³̫̫Ľ
ߵͼһ޲ƿÿմ˵㳢˳
³̫̫ζզ
ҡҡͷе̡̫
³̫̫ҲζĲԶˣ
ģ
³̫̫ղӣ˵ģɶҾһƿ˵ĽҲ㣬ҿ˳ǵģ
Ǯѽǽϸ˿
³̫̫һ֡
ʮġ
ۡ
⽴ҲûⰡͨĶ
ǰɣϱҪȥ϶ֹ
ͷһ˵
³ԺȻ˺³̫̫ͬʱתͷ
ǸСվԺſ̽Ŀ
˭³̫̫˹ȥ
Ǻˣȹ˸Ҿã³ͬ˳ǼҴѾ·ˣܽ쵽ߵЩûдš
³̫̫۾һҪˣ
ǣѧ÷˼ռ٣סڽѧâʱؼҰæ
³̫̫Цĺϲ£죺ѧûͦĵġ衣
æתȥǺӹˮڣлˡ
³̫̫·Щ
һ˾Ͱѽˣ³ԽҲոջ
ߵ˭
³̫̫ɻĸպãɵͬ˵ɿˣ죬Ͻȥ
³ԽɫҲһϲãҽĶ࣬⣬ˡ
Цŵãշ

ɸ˼ʵţζô³ֻ̫̫ڳæ³ԽԺʱʱ͹ȥۣܵĸæ
ŶСݳѪˮСơҶЩıرţѡúܲˣгɹ顣
ݺõˮˮʱҪϾȥȣƲȥĭ̳ˮˮֻǵһǴŹǵʱŹǿɼɲ壬ʱ峴Ǳġ
͹峴ĿսŵʺȥζԻƣѶ͵ٷǰ׼õϺʹнﵽʱ飬ΪԼȥ׼Ķ꽴Ѿˣһף޵Ķ꽴ɫһ߳ţһĥŽϵ顣
꽴ҲҪʼˣõĶ꽴Ҫ췢£鷳Ҫʼ֣ľ

Ͼ룬żˮûԭϣǰõɫͽͣۡΰ͵ζţ͸ϹǿʼҪСʱ߸սϣԺſڣɾͻˡ
硣³ԽԺУ³³Խ͵̧ͷ³̫̫ͬʱ˳
ɣˣ
³̫̫δμɣδζô˷ܣ³վſЦˡ
ݽݣҵĶۻ˰ɣ
³㿴ȥЩƺָЩ
³ԽҲ˹ܵ±ϵĶЪŰɣɩ󷹣һܳˡ
³㿴ɩ
ҲЦܻôݰɡ
³ݣ̫̫Ȼ꺮ů
ѧѧϰ۲ۣ಻ࣿ
ôô˵
Щ³δζҪʣƢԶʮĺãЦһһش
³㣺λʱΪâֺͶ磬⼸ջͲˣﴺûæâֿ϶Ҫæġ
³̫̫ӴӴҪʲôģֻһĶˣ
³ԽҲݣ³㿴Լ硣
˵ȥˣһæĴɣ
³̫̫Ǵ֪ģ
³㣺żϽһھ˵ġ
³ֹ̫̫ԼҴɵôܴôԶȥ
³Խ˾ͱâֵ£ȺúЪЪ
³΢Цл硣
ڳ˵ĿյҲѾĲˣ;ӵĺܲҲѾãǰ磬õĺûһζ޵֭ŨѹǣԶŵ㡣
³ҽַͷ֪̾³ɶóԵġ
һ˸ζ³̾ѧʱΪɩգֳˡ
ʣʳõķ˲θڣ
³̾ɩֹ֪ǲθڣѧõķѳԣζõΣֶͬܲҪ£ͬϷƣǳԵ
³̫̫һôأгԻ
һãϻضɩҵĽͱȥʳõĴͬ٣ҶûԻ
³̫̫ꡣ
˵ǽһµ鷳ɩ³ЩԥӲ˼ĵ
Цлֱ˵ǡ
³㣺мϵϺõͬǽʮϲһؼңǧһҪƿȥ˵Ը߼֪ɩ
ﻹδڣ³̫̫ʵǳǮ
³㣺һġ
³̫̫һ
һģ
ǾõĽ̵ĶҲۣ³̫̫ϱ˵ɶţգ׬ͷ
³ЦɩȷʵǺãǶɩ
Ը⣬ζЩҴѧã˵һ
³̫̫ѧи£
ʲôҲʮϲãԵʳΪ죬ΪԼĿڸ֮Ҳʲô˵顣
ĶˣĶˡ
һƿһġʮƿһᡭ
ԥƬ̣ԣҶЩǣͬͲǮ˰ɣ͸ǾǣİҪʵЩ
̫̫ͬ⣬ͷϱ˵öԣϵõ͸ǣҲôϵ
³һʮָ̾Ҫлɩ
³Խʱ˿ڣ۲ۣڻӣΪ
³ԺȻۣɩˣ
³̫̫Ц˵ȥˣԣɩˣɩҲˣɩ粻úܣݻסȥˡ
³ϲɫǼҽ˫ϲţ̫ˡ
³̫̫ҲЦֹ궨иţǼҾϲš
һŬڼ

â³㵱ԼҶһֵء
˼³ɣҲϡ棺ˣ
Ӵɻˣ
³ƢãЦźʹһһк
ڼпʼæ飬ľҶ࣬£ʵѾˡа취ò˾ñģ񶡿뽴÷˸ɿ뽴źⶡǿһķζϡ
һԼԵġζأҲ鷳Ǿǡ顣
ҪöԴͥһ˼˵ǳĶѶרŷųùëǸ˶ȥ¡ˮ壬ûл᳢Թ
ã˵Ҫ飬ЦŵɰҪѡ±ˮ㡣
ЦŽӹлٶЩҶЩҼܴȥ
³ɵΧھӶ֪ģǶӸ̾ɩɩҲǺãչ˵ܵܡ
ЦЦӦõġ
ߺǶҲ̲ס꣬ǵȥɻΤҲŸǸСֻҪһ˵ķݶ͹ˣǲȲ֪
ѵóţΧ˶Цźк
Щɣˡ
ˣûء
˿ˣ¾ˣЩš
ھǵĹҲů⣬ˣҲȥھǳʰɣ롣
ʵĶҪгС飬ÿˮ̣֮ҪһɵݣҲ֪ԭֻǼǵɽĴ̹˵ЩɵöëĶ
Ҫ죬ȵϸİɫëС̻Ҫĵȴźö֮󣬾ȥ׼Ľˡ
-
һΤҡ
ΤϻΤѵ
춼⡣ʵû򵽣ֻ⡣
һʼΤϵˣû뵽˿ûнúõŹ峺ζûǲҪΤϷϳԵЩθ䡣
ȻСӣϾҲΤĶϱ˸ӣΤһ죬Щܲˡ
ҪҰżҳԵĲ𣿡
һ죬ΤҪըˡ
ûѺȰ˵𣿡
Ҳ⻳˾ôҵӵʱҲûȰɣ˵ˣŹǷһģԼ¡
Τһ˼Ŀ߱Ǯ
˺ˣأ˵䡣
ΤۣƽʱڼҲô˵𣿣
һֱһ߲˵ΤȻڣ˵䣡
Ͼһ֮ΤһڣϾͺȻΤɴҲ˿ӣĻ˷
ΤΤҲȥˣ⻪޳ȥ꣬Ƣ
Ǯϵˣɶ֮ǰ֪³ӹúãһҲ
һ㣿ɴۣƾ˵ۼ֮ǰҲҲûôԵİɣˣŹǷ˲У̫ҲУ治֪Ҫôź
ϱԹԣǮҲܡ
̣ЪЪҲȵ㣬ڳ塭
ΤϻطǮԥһŽȥˡ
ȻΤһڴ
ǮϻЦ˸ˮԣˡ
Τ̵Ǯеˮ
ĺɰˣΤƲƲ죬һЩá
ǮЦ㲻˭áˣǴʣ壬ϼȥȥڰҪС
Τ۾һæţҪ㣬ˡ
ǮһӦã㣡
ֻ
Τһˮһ̧ͷʣֻզˣ
ǰЩΣֻûǮҲ֪ǮǡӴתѣԡ
Τ϶ˣ룬˵ʹӹȡǸװǮСϻӣ˵ˣȸᣬ㲻ҪɡɻӣʲôҲܻǵǮҳŵʱŻᡣ
Ǯ˵³̫̫ᣬ¶ϲɫİɹŮʵ
ΤЦЦлл
-
ڶһ磬ǮϹһϸϼ
һмӣǮ߹ȥ˳
զ
̯ʮһ
ǮϽкô󣿣ȥ겻Ŷʮ
̯Цηˮˣڵ۸ѽȿ
Ǯҧҧʮ壡͸ҳ
̯һЦ˰֣ҿȥɡ
ǮҿͱҿˣҪô󣿣
ǮһȦûѰ˵㣬̾˿ԭĵط
͸ҳһɡǮϲ鲻Ըĵ
̯ЦҪѽֻҪһû
ǮҧһҸźȣСһˡ
̯˵ʲôˣЦŸǮϳһһ㡣
صΤңǮЩ飬Ƚ㴦˸ɾϹȥһȷֻһ˳ԵģСϱ䡣
˵ǸΤһ˵ģƲƲ죺֪ˣ⿴ţأ
ǮϷѡ
˵ҲŮǮģǼҲкЩʱûԹˣ˿Ůǹרŵҧҧˣȫһԣ
ŸˣУ

緹ʱΤϼǰһǸˣֻһŨֻһ룬Ǯϣ𣿡
Ǯһ飺ȥĳ٣ֻ̯ʣһˣ˻㲻֪ʱˮһŨһŽо֡
Τϵ˵ͷȷͦ׵ġֿ㣬ĺ޵ģһζ㲻ˣûθڣֳ˵ľͻطЪȥˡ
Ǯϼߺ˿ʱĶӶС̣Ҳ
æȥ죺ʲô⣡̡
-
ҲԵĺǵֻ³̫̫ģ˺ǣ滹˺ڶ춹֥顢Щ³̫̫ȥҩʵģ˵Ƕиãˣɰÿôһ룬ʱͲӿ϶İװֵģ
ﱾϲʳһǵȵĸɸɾůĸ鷢͵ĲʱˣߵԺȥȻϵĶѾϸϸܵëװ׵ģæѶȫý֣ȡһɾ衣
ϵëƽסСǳΣƸĶ鷳֣ĺͲģҪζΡݪܡĩС㡢Ƥζȴ
ÿ鶹ÿһ涼ҪĨϷۣƿܷ⣬ΰڻˮζҲһֻϷҪŷۣۡװƿʱ򶹸Ҫڰ׾һȦܷ⡣
ﲻȷܲܳɹĲ࣬һƿζģƿζġܷ֮⻹ЩʱΰڻˮζĸҪٵͷڣƿҪˮڻĺۺͻƾƣĸź׵ɫѹֽ츯顣
ھѾװƿ˵ġ÷ɲ
⽴ʵķ⽴⽴һ˶ʮƿҲǹɺͬһˡʱûпǣʮһƿĽ룬οһġ
ȫæֿ꣬쵽磬³Խ³ǺĻصԺæȥ˵˸ӡ
ۻ˰ɣϴϴ
죬µظɻĥˡ³Խͻ˹ӣӵıҲˮʪ͸ˡ³۵òУҡͷҲˡ
³ԽɻǺЩȡֶ˳ǰõ裬˹๾һ롣
ۻˣϴЪɣϳԷ
³Խҡͷ绹Ҫȥˮ壬ϴˡ
£Ƕ𣿡
³ԽһٸҪ鹤ˣñ
ȳԷɣɣ㰮Ե˿ӡ

ǰһ죬żҵҲˡ
һĶأżҲѪٸҪˮˮˮˮĻˮãؾӵĲԶ
ǰڵʱ򣬴ֻ֪żҪ޽ûô޺ˣդȥ׷զࡣҵ³ԽȻͶŹӰ壬ܸɵ
ֹôҪѲٵǮɣżҵף϶Ҳ³Ұæİɡ
ҵĸŹ˸ŮҼŮġ
ĽģżҵĸмҲġŹ¿ôҲ֪Ǻãл³Խֻһˣؿ
ٸˣΧתһȦҲ˵ͷ͢ɰǵĶ磬ǿҪ٣
Ź黹УֵЩ¾ȫˣ³Խ֪һЩʣô㷨
ĶٽͶŰ˰βĶһǧһǧβҽǴСʼأҲǻȷ˵ͷɵռɵĳá
³Խ˵ͷǾġ
УˣҵǼǡ͢ڷ磬⼸Ǿ
Źʣզ壿
ЦզɶҲȰˮˣصɹ죬ʯңɱ棬ˮ
úúãлŹлʶԼǵʥ飬֪Ķ̫ˡʵУҲµѧʰ
ﻳźӣûȥԿֻ³ԽࡣæһصԺۻˣȥӣ³Խһһ
Щԣҭš
ҲԵĽӣ³Խʡ
һҵζ͵棬һģ𣿡
ϱһĽܲ³ԽһʮҪǴ²ܼԡ
ЦӣٳԵ㣬Ȼܡ
³Խͷˣ۲ۣ
϶ʣأ˷ˣֲŪˣҷԺľɺˣˣ
죡ȥŹϹ⣬Ǳģ
³Խɫһ䣬ȥˣ
ﱻķӦһûȥȥġ
³ԽɿȥǾˮ࣬о飬Һ⡣
ԹԵ˵ͷҼסˣҲȥ
³Խ
ϴ˿˴Ӻ汧ס
³Խһôˣ
ӿʼˣܣ϶ûб˯⻹ǵһΡ
˲󱳣ѽҾĸǱߡ
³ԽȥѰţһˣôʲô
Ҳ֡
Ҫ̻мʱâæҪȥҾ˾ĺۡ
³Խá
óԵѽʲô
³Խɶԣ򵥵ġ
Цˣ˵һšڿˣʲôѽҸ㳶ɣ棿
³Խͷԡ
涥ϻ㣬һ¶ǣܶա
ȥֿڵҽ㲻ǰȥ
³Խ˵꣬ûĻӦһѾ˯ˡ
³Խһ˿Ц˵˯޾ڳ壬³ԽסСĽƸСϣ΢΢͹𡭡
³Խĺ


39 
ߺ, һѮѮ³Խæµжȹġ
ڶżҵѾâҲ, ۿžҪ磬³̫̫ʼæŰˡ
ѾЩ, ³տغܾϸûо, ˿, ǳԵú˯㣬ɫһһá˼ΣֹסĿ޺Ľ
ڳҪӣдĴͳ, ԢаѲ, ߣָдţܿ, һСɵͳǰ
һ˱һ
⣬ڴ, Ҳ˺üµͼϷˮȸɺЩ·, ³̫̫ڼƹһۣ޲ڡ
ǡִһϢ, ֮ǰɰӵڴܲڶڵʱٳһɰͼ, ͼĲͷ
Ӧ, ЩɰﻹѸһֹ֯, Ҳһף
ǰ죬³̫̫Ҷȫ׼ˡҶõҶϴҲһͬԤãǰӱزٵĶڰӵϣŴΪ桢ඹӡɵȸҲȫãȫů͵磬һԺпʼӡ
³Խֱǲָˣ³̫̫ҶѳһǶ״ȹСŴףٷһǱϣŴҶɵĵӦ֡
³̫̫һ߰һ߸̾磬ɲڣҲˣܸоġ
ЦͲˡ
³̫̫һĶӣǰǼҾҪɺһɾֿ
˵⣬³̫̫ȻΤϡ
ɩǸˣ
Ҳ磬ɩҲˣҶЩ͵ӹȥɡѧǱ߲֪ûӣҲһݹȥ
³̫̫³ԽԥһҲУöһˣ˳·
³ԽͷҲ̧ɡ
ЦҾͶЩɩＸѽ
³̫̫һ£ܼˣͰʮô֡һˣ˭Ǹȥ㡣
ЦУǴɩʮǱҲʮɣܸѷһ֡
ϱ㿼ǵܵô졣
һʱ䣬һʮӣȥɩɵģҲ˽ַں;ĸҵģʮгҲ㹻ˡ
һ磬ˮգ֮ǰԤ΢󿪾ͿԵ緹
˶԰ǻǷպգһȫŴ׵ĿڸУմŴеඹպϷ³̫̫רֻ³ԽýͣʲôԣͨļˮҲһۺǶҪ¶ǡ
³̫̫Цͺ˵˶ƺ«죬Ϲգ
ҲЦſ
³Խ˿Щȡ
óԵģˮա˴żɵ
ˮվǵҲȻķζ̲סЦָ˸Ѽɲ𣬾ͰЩ̿ڣζĶ԰ɣ⻹Сˣ·Щ
³Խ˵ͷ³̫̫һ߿ǣֻЦ
-
Ҳһգϳӣ˼ҲҪؼԲԸ³ԽǰͿʼ׼緹ʳģ³ԽţٶҲһ·ӿ죬ʱңѾΤҡ
ǰգǮϾڷˡ
֮ǰĹ⾰ͽĹ⾰ʵûȣҪǰᷢ緹飿ɴȥ꿪ʼΤ벻
ӵˣŴ׷ϲ˼ǮǼＸ죬ŮУǸ̰Եģǰһ򲻺ĽںŪȥˣιڣȫ˶żѼ⣬Ǯ
Ǯ˼ȥȥΤϡ
Τ·ݱﻹһ£Ѿˡ
ǮϸսţΤϾͿʼˣȻҲ׼ȥѽôôȣó滹ࡣ
Ǯ£䣺һҰѬһѬ
һУôѬΤۣԹ
Ǯϻع񣬲һ硣һ˲䣬ЩˣҲһ˿꣬ΪʮǮŮ̥һ¹ȥҲͲŵһᣬƴƴʡġ
ô죿⣬Ѳɸ㻻ԺסǮҲЩ͡
ΤҲüԣʵ˭ˣ
Ǯеķꡣ
̾ǸĴ磡һ
Τϣˣզˣ
ϻһСˣ˵ھȱǮʮᣬ˵˵Ǽת·ϣҾͽһˣһ̥ˣӲˣˣ
ΤüͷôȱǮھɶˣ
Ǯ۾ɿתת˭֪ˣֻ˵ǹʱһƥʲô棬һǮһֱûҸ˵ɣ
Τϣ˵ǸⲻףƫţҪŴɩǼһȥҲͷģ֪ôͳˡ
Ǯϸţɲ⼸ûʱ뻹磬Ȼûϣô˸Ӱɣǡ
ΤϳĬһᣬʣûǮˣ
ǮҡͷûˣĲҪ¸µײת
Τ⻰ԥһǸС˹
ȥɣԺΪǮ·ˡȵĲٲҾǣӣȱʲôֱȥ򡣡
Ǯһϻƴţ⡢ⲻðɡ
ΤϣѽžˣҲΪЩ·ĵģϿΪǮҶﺢˡ
ǮŽӹԣԣ˵ĶԣĲãŮðȥȥ
ΤЦˣţɣ첻ǹ𣬺þûȼˣɱֻô
ǮһڴӦɱ϶ҪɱŰȥ
ΤЦӦһ
³Խţոյһʱڴ򼦵ǮϣΤҽļ̶±ģҪɱֻȥǮڸĺ˲۸³ԽӰûע⵽
һũɤűǮϻҪߡ
ɶصһֻڼ㿳һСļ۸񣿣Τ˰ɣ
ǴһɤӣΧ˵߶˹ȥǮǳɫɶһ룡Ҿ㿳
㿳ֻĸôأһʮ㣡˼
ԱдЦˣһʮģֻȣ
Ǯ²̨ܻתͷߣˣõô
Ͻߣ
Ǯ˵߾ߣǴȴְ졣
ǿ۵ˣ˵ǸԼŮôģޣ
³ԽվڲԶȻĿ˸ղŵọ̈̄һ˿⣬ûǴĻɩҵӦòŶԡ
³Խţ˩ãŶȥΤҡ
ǮϾǰ棬ü³ԽǰˣȴǿǮ;⻹ۣӾŽصĸһֱѰصģӱǮϲķˣĸ򲻵ģҪ򹫡ĸҪôʵӹҪôС˼һأȥң
Ǯԥ˰죬ʣֻ
ѽڵģǡ
ǮһϲУ
Ǯ
ǮʱǮȡһᣬһʮĵݸӣӼ˻ӴҵûǮأⲻǮ
Ǯæװ˻ȥǮбô
ЦЦû˵ˡ
ǮϰѼˣȻĸҲУֻˣֻܳųԣŻһʮģǮϾ̡
³ԽĿֻüͷ˺ס˵ͷֱӲԶĸǮϻΤңҲһ·֤Ǯȫ̡
ϱţǮŴСվԺſһԺŻŵ˳ˣ
»еСޣǮϿš
ˣ
Ǯһ㱧ȥɱһȡ
һզֲʲˣ˰ɣﻹеľ㣡
ǮϵǻԳֲǲֻֻ֪
ƲƲ죺ǿˣȥ³öǴСӰɣһŶӵʱɶܳԣĳɶ𣬷˵Ĳԣ˵Ĳԣź򣡡
ˡǮķϱԹ
ôȥ˵ûĸţҲ֪
ָ֪ճڣǮĿһбȻͿſڵ³Խ³ԽһֱͲԶ
վǣҲû㿪
ǮסӦ˰Żعɣզˣ
˳߿ȥҲſڵˡ
³Խ߽ˣɩ͵ӡ
ǮεҪȴЦӴô죬㰡³Ҷɣȥݲ裡
ҲӦŶá
³ԽԺӣ¿˼ۡ
ϻûûϸȴ֣ΤҵĶܶ඼ˡԺһҲûô޵ģǰʹӭʱƼȫͬ
Ǯһк³ԽһȥΤϵķ亰ˡ˵ˣΤҲһ㶣Ȼ󻻺ߵԺС
ܡ
³Խͷһ
Τϵ·ӦǱҪ󣬿ǰˡɫûһ״̬ȥҲ̫á
ɩ
Τߵ³Խ£ЦЦôˣ
³ԽϵĶʮӣԥһ£ְѸո·һҲ˳
ˣ͵㶫
ΤϿôһӣв֪ôҭҭҲӣͷûһء
鷳ˡ
³ԽӦõġ
ҲѲݺ˶˹³ԽлҲ֪ǲǲЩˣָϾ͵գգҪΣ
æҪŶߣָϲǳ
˭֪Ǽ˵㣬С̰죬˲ͼˣգղһҪ
׼Զ˻㼱ˣϵӾ͸ӷ˰һͨӣ߲ˡ
ӿʼãҶ
ţ۵һ˳
ôһ˲ΣǮһ߶ȥ
³ԽʱǴɩˣﻹڼҵҳԷ㱣ء
ΤεЦЦҲˣ𣿡
³ԽҡҡͷûҲڵȣеĻҵһʱ
ã鷳ˡ
³Խţ˺ԶСĿԼߣΤϾͳɤź˾ʲô
ҡҡͷӿٶȡ
-
Τǳ㺰ãôӵģһӣ˸ôˣҶܻ˵ɶɣôСӶ̵Сˣ
Ŵ죬˵Ļֱò
ΤҽСܣ˭Ķ˵ĵˣһ˵ˣ
ΤüͷɶƵǣҾ벻ˣôΤҹ꣬ôǸĲСһ˵ʲôӶ˵ˣѵΤһԲ˲ɣ
û׼ǰúúǮæͳ˹м䡣
ˣڵģΪС鳳
ʲô
Ǯһ˵һƴĸϱʹɫ۷裬ԱߺޣֻܰתƵϣ޿޿޾֪ޣǵë
ӿ޵ԽһѱĻ˷Ҫ־͹ҲǸûµġ
Ǯ˿ҪͷȥŮΤҲһŤͷˡ
Ǯվԭ̾˿Ŀ⿴ϵЩӣĴ󰡡
-
Τˣ㴿Ƕڶǰ
ԽԽΤ̲סһͨ
ףΪʲôҲû˳ĵӣΤһ߿һԼˣЩڹϳˡҪǴҲڡһġ
ǮϰˣȸŮ˼ȥȻǰο˺һͨȻӶϱȥҲŽ˸
ˣӣӣ
ӼӳԣΪЦıQQľ͹ȥˡһ߳ӣǮߵϱߣ֪̾ﲻʹ죬ڼ˵ô죿꿼ѧһɣүתǽţʮᣬҸĸѣ¾˰ɡ
⻰ת
ʮᣬզ˵ġ
զ˵˵֧ãǡ
㲻ԺȾͲˣ
ˣۼҵ֪˵ҲܣҪǰҲ
㻹˵ǰãӵʱҲûô뻹ˣٿǮķϡ
-
³Խţһȥ˾ѧãִѧó˽·ֱˮ壬Źûûҹæֻϡ
³ԽЦ춼ϲ£
һȥˣҲ˶ģֻǽûʱͣţ
ϸ³ԽҲ˺üӣ³Խûܾˡ
ô
ϼʣЦŵţҼ϶һ˼ģǾҲ˯˷Ҳˣĥ˵Ƿծû׬һǮɣҿҲøˣӶ˱ͷһ
³ԽҲ˹Ǿͺáˣĸ
ˣ
³Խˣﻹڼҵҡ
Ժſڣ·СģЩ
³ԽţԼҸȥڣ·ϼҼһ̴϶ðỤ̋ƮԲ˵ζ³ԽԺиֳӰʱһԼҵĳǰææȥ³ԽǲԾּӿţٶȡ
-
תȣʱȷЩߡ
һתۣ͵߰µķ졣
³ԽţһЩ³̫̫һ
Ķı³̫̫ʡ
³Խʵ˵ģԺȣ˯á
ѵıִʵԱߴȣ
һƵĴܹһϡ
³Խ﷿Լϱ
ҲǵһμȼˣöǮ
³ԽΪȻжǮˮҪ£ţá
ôıɶֿϧġ￴Ÿ̾
쵽ˣʳĺıͷ۵飬ľϾޣȵôıء
³ԽЦɶҸȥ
룬ֲˡ
Ҫǲʲôܾ˷ѣֲõ
÷ɣǰĸոģִϣҲûɶζв
³Խ룺У
ϲ̵İ÷ϴ˸ɾ÷ÿһȥ֭ˮ棬Сϵһ÷ʱһʮ̫̫ˣﻹͣ
ϻ˵Ů³̫̫ЦôᣬǸѵģ
ﵹûʲôоΪԼҲˡ
ֻڳԶ÷ĵϣǺ֢ˣͷҲҧֻܺࡣһϣ³Խ˵ʲôҲԶ÷ˡ
ţȴַ˲Ǳġ
ҾͳòãͰ͵Ŀ³Խ˳Ĭԣһ
~
³Խһ߸һ߿Աߵ÷Ǳġ
һ
ίͰ͵ģЦ³Խ׻ָȡ
ڡ
æЦŵͷĳˣȻȴҲǵĲζûٶˡ
ҹ³ԽߣѾ¿߸´Ƿ˯ûǰô³Խÿܵչ˾͸ȣ˾ͰǰȵЩܣ˭֪³Խ˱
һƿ׵ӻȶӻű⻯磬ܿ⣬һûٰҹһ˯˴
-
һϿ֡
ǮϽϼմͿǰһѵΧһţǸֵˣżž͹ȥۣɶ£ô֣
Ӿ˸ģ˵ĺܣɣ
Ǯϣɣм俴ȥǸ۵ˣ·߱۴Ա߻С֮ͯһǰߵ׵ġ
ɰϻָ㣬ϰ⵱˺תٸָԽ򣬿ҶܲиŰɣ
ָɶˣô𣿡Ⱥʡ
ǵİǼǿⶼ˼ʮˣ˵Ҫ·ﰳϰ·갳ǼѾջؿˣ
Ӵİ
ǮȺвϵڽţǸ˵ԽԽоԼҵأֲ֪˸ͷǸһ˵Լ˴ɵָ㣬Լ
ԺӺ֮󣬾òϰҲͻȻˣ˵ôһ¡
Ⱥ˿ʼǰɣƵģģǰۣˣֺǰָһ㣬˵һЩ˶ʱۣ٣ˣ
ɣҲɣ
ɣң
ǮһҲ뼷ǰȥ˭֪˼ңеļǮҲ˲ˣ˷һȺǰȥɣҿҿҼҽ˵ãָ㰡
ǰɿǮϣ΢΢һЦ
֡
Ǯ̱ϣԼģԼҲһͬˣǰɱָͷһʱǮϵĿ˼ͬ顣
ûв´ĻİɣүͷԵ⡣
ǮͷԶԶԣ
Ҵȥ꿪ʼͲˣ䵽˽ǲҵ
Ǯϵһԣզ֪ģ
²ǻиӣҲ⣿
ǰɸյ仰ǮϾѾȫˣֻһĵͷ
ǰ˵̾˿Ǯһզ˴ɣ
񲻺ðĻҪ°
Ǯһͼˣɶ£
ǰɱ۲˵ˣǮϻҪʣʵľˣǰһƣǮϰӴһͱ˳ȥ
ļ٣ʵɶ£ϧȺӵҲûܼȥǮϸո߰˸Ҳˣʹѣֻȳߡ
-
³̫̫һ;ЩĻšһһأ緹³̫̫ûٲ̨֣ǰƤҲסĲһĶһ³̫̫Ҳͨͨ
á
ߵԺɰ
³Խ˹զˣ
оԣŵҪ˵ɳȥôզҲûŵݻòɶ°ɣ
ʵ³ԽҲɻ󣬰˵ҵģѾˣôҲӦзŻɲ֪ΪʲôҲûһ
³Խ𼱣ҽȥʣǴ̫æˣϴ꣬⳵ߡ
³̫̫п⿩ģһ
³ԽԺﰲԼʱԺȻʹһ󽹼ĽŲԽ磬һ¡
ĻƣȻǸϹģ³̫̫͵һץ³Խɶ²ܽ˵öɳȥ˵
ǻƿ³Խ³Խ˵ͷɡ
ǻֻ˽
ɶ£
ǻƿ³̫̫ԥһ£Խ֮ǰҸͷǱ߻վǱ۴飬һֱϣŻûУǽͷϴһϢ˵˵ǡ
³̫̫ˣɶ¡㵹˵
˵˵и³ģڽϱƭˣƭѪ޹飡
ؾǮûˣ
ǻ˵⻰ʱҲڶ³̫̫һ⻰оһû˳۷ڣҲһ
³Խۼֿ죬˲ס
ҲĳŶ˳
³̫̫Щ˵ˣ󡢴
³Խüأ˵ϸЩ
ǻҲǼȹϵϣˣ˾˵Ǵϴ˵ģ˵ʱģԷ³ĴԼһػؾǴϴĴʵûλã͡û⼸첻һֱڴ̽۸ǡ˾͸ˡ
³̫̫˹ɰɣҵĴĶ
³Խ𼱣ȥͷʣ
ߵſ⻰Ҳ¶֮ɫԺ³Խ첽ǰ
Ҷˣȥҡ
ϢͺãҲȥ
˵ͷ֪ˡ
³Խ̾ͺǻƳţ³̫̫ԺеʯֱĴȣıĨᡣ
ɰӦ۵ġôõӴɰ
۵ס³̫̫֣ˣҲһǴ磬ȶȥ˵
ҽ;òԾƤʮа˾ǵġ³ľһңôɵ£ȥ˽Ӵ
Ҳ£ǻ˵ֻˣû¾ͺãöһ˰˽ӻǡ
³̫̫⻰СЩ
û¡ԡֻϣûˡ


40 Τϻؼ
һ, ³ҶڳĬжȹġ
Щѹ֣һֱ³̫̫߲סİοţò׵, ³Խڻˡ
ոսţ³̫̫żץ˿ʣզǴɲ
³ԽɫÿǴϴ˵ģ, 񣬵ûȫ, Ҳ̫ȷ
³̫̫аģǿ϶ˡ³Ĳһ, ˭Ӵ
³ԽҲĬƬ̣ǴǴߵģڴ϶ˣҸղŸǴϴһЩô, ùϵʴһͷ, Ҫˣ˻Ϣ, Ҳһʱ֪ͨǡ
³̫̫̾ĶԡóȻȥҲǸ취Ҳ֪
³Խ˵ͷһᾡܴ, һд䣬һ˽ˡ
, Ҳֻôˡ
³Խԥһ£ʵǴɩǱߡҪҪȥ
³̫̫, ҡͷʱȱɩ·ݴˣ̼ܲ, , ȵȰ, һɾͻأŴܺһЩ
³Խã֪ˡ

ͷһֱ³˵Ϣ˵Ƕ²סģοڰƴĵطܿ죬в˶֪³Ҵⱻƭ飬һʱ䣬˵ʲôĶС
˵˶زˣǿ
³û˵ȥӣ
զ֪ģһ·ϵģתת
Ҳǣ˵³˴۸ϢϣҲķġ
ɲ
ǮϽϽ֣Ǹɵ飬ϧһȦҲûҼˡ
ʧ׼ȥʱǰͷĻһʼǮϻûôģֱ³ҴɼƮ
һǮϾըˡ
ɶɶɶ
嵽ǰȥһץסˣһ
˵˭˭ƭˣ
ǸϳˣⲻΤɩŮ³ɰ㲻֪𣿣
ǮɶҲ֪ۣզˣ˭ƭˣ
˼Ĳ֪ҲЩ֣֪ԼǲǶˣ˵Ǯȴץ˲š
ǸɫΣѽȥͷڶ˵¶ءŮǲȥϺ˼⣿ƭˣ˵Ѫ޹ɶģ·Ѷûˣ
ǮϵԴһ£˵һˣһɵ㶵վԭء
ȻعǮϰȾͳܣһܻһߺҵŮôôӴ
Τ϶ԽԽжҲ̫ȵЩ꣬ڴһŷ磬һŴɻӡ
ȻһԼǺΤһ
Ҳǣӳ˳զˣ
Ǯһѱһ᣺أ
ΤϳŶ
ߵſڣզˣң
Ǯϲܲ˵ľ˹ȥץס֣ղϽˣ˵ⱻƭˣڰϻزżզû˵£
Ǯٷɿ죬Τ㶣û塣
ʲʲô˵ʲô
ǮϼֱĴȣ˵ɣڽⱻƭˣ
ʱΤΤǶ˳Ժӵ˶ǮϵĺУΤϣڷӦ˵˸ʲô
һʱ䣬ֻĿڵһ³ʲôģ뿪˵ʲôȴһڣҲǰĶȥ

ΤԺ˶˹һɱ֡
-
³̡
³Խ£ҲԵúǳĬ쵽磬³ſںȻ˸ˣžʹ󺰣³Խ
³Խ͵̧ͷϳ˺һġ
ɩҸ˵ȥҪϻ
³Խһ漴üͷһ
Ҵɩ˵ʲôˣ
ǻҡͷܵĺܿ죬ȻҲżߵʱΤһңɩʲô̼Ժ޸ͣ
³Խаãʰ׼ؼңտӣҲ˼·Щ
صң³Խ¸˵ˡ
³̫̫һ֮³̫̫̾һȥɣ϶֪ˣǸӣָҪô֣Һҵӳ£˽ӻҲá
³Խ˵ͷͳ
ûԷɣͷ
³Խ㲻æ𶯣չ˺Լڼҵҡ
ɵͷ
³Խţһʱ򣬴Ƕϳ·ָָģ˻߹仰³ԽɫЩҲ㬶顣
ΤԺȷһţǮԺĨᣬΤҲ̾
³ԽΤҵһѷĶˡ
ɵ𣿣
ڵǸɶ
ɶʱ£զҲţ
һһ죬һһĳ³Խң³ԽҲ֪ĸʼش𣬸ɴһأֻԺתһȦʣҴɩء
ǮһָָΤϵķݣɩ˴̼εˣڷޡ
³Խüﲻ˵£ǲӦø
Ǯ㶣漴˵סҵĸүô飬ǻţ³ҵûаǵһ
³ԽЩͷۣΤϵķŴʱȻ򿪡
Ƕ𣿡ΤϵŨŨĿ³Խת󲽳ȥ
ɩ³ԽؼΤϣϻغЩ˵⣬黹㲣֪һֱˣǸոտ޹Եʡ
¡𣿡Τǻһ˿ңڴĿ³Խϧ³Խվʧˡ

ɩ
ΤƺЩվס³ԽʶΧţһ͵ȥΤûֻȻֹסžžĵܣһȥɣأûдɵϢ
³Խɩ𼱣ʹߣϢһֱĴ̽ţӦÿˡ
Τϳŵ˵ͷ
ΤϵĶܿʰˣ³ԽľͰᵽţϣȻţ
ǰΤϿǮϣˡ
Ǯϵ˵ͷ˿Ҳܸӣ֪ҪҪȥΤںһѣǮǰҪһȥ
áû뵽ΤҡҡͷжڲµģҲңˡ
һ˲䣬Ǯоһ˿ɵĸо
ãã·ЩɰͰˡ
³Խ˵ͷӦõġ
Τ˵ע£³ԽţʧߵС
˸ߣ˿Ҳ̲סһ䣺ˡ
ΤͷһۣΤɫҲÿĳ㬵ı졣
ǮҲ̾˿žͰƵԼϡ
ݣл˵
ǮϺΤ˷䡣
ǮϿżɽŮƭˣûǮˣǱզ
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Τü㻨٣
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ΤߺǮ󺰡
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ΤңȻ֪һһ·϶ģ³ԽչĸܣţеĲ죬һֱɫʱ˲Żص³СԺ
ٴλؼңΤϾһֻ㱸С
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ϱһۣ³̫̫о͸е𾪡
ΤϺһˣţ߾ע⵽Աߵ
ɩҲˡ
ΤͬҲʮ𾪡
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Τһʱûع񣬶ûӦҲû⣬³̫̫̾˿ݰɡ
һݣԽӣ³Խӳ˳
ΤϾڷǰ³ԽΪæǰæ궼᲻á
һ̽ӣΤǰĲʮ
װֵĽӻð㣬˭ϻû³ԽתͷͶһ￴ΤϣǽģȣɩȰɡ
һںڣϺõڼŵɽҩζΤϳٳûж꣬ɫҲʮָӡ
ϱզˣʲô극˵³̫̫˿ڣΤϲŻعŶá
ٷΤϳԵζӡ
Τ̲סˣ³ԽǰŸհ̳ȥΤϱſ̫̫
ǰ³̫̫ҲǺܽ£˼³̫̫ȻѾˡ
Ǯû˾ûˣ˻Ҫ£Ѿ˺ܶ취Ҳиȡ
Τϲ֪˵ʲôֻԭس³̫̫һЩϱȥݱ衣
һƵˡ
ߺ³̫̫¿Τϣɵ黹ǺҪϱզ£
Τһңզˡ
³̫̫ӣզˣӰ˸˰ɣû𣿡
Τһ˿ңˡ
̥ôȥɫҲãɵǸˣҸտʼţҲˣһнŵֲ˲ˣܻصĿǴɵ֣Ҫġ
³̫̫˵䣬Τϵȷõӣˡ
̾˿ˣ˾УϢȥɣһͷϻɻػ
Τϴ۾á
Τϻ˷ѾǱɨģҲ֪ɨĻģҲϾôģϴ֮Ͳ붯
ɩ
ˣ
Τǿð𣿡
ó棬öɸŵ㱡ɽɣȣﻹбҲ˹ɣ
Τһʱ侹ٴβ֪˵ʲôˡ
򿪷ţͼվǰ³Խվ󣬻ﱧһӱɣ˸Ͱ澹ȻͰ顣
Τϣ⣬ı
ЦȥģһЩ
ΤϳĬˣĬĬĿ³ԽЩ˽ȥǰûбɵģиðݣⱡ棬ҲǶרŸġ
ɩˣϢ
ΤϺҵ
˵ͷȻš
ڵ¶𽥽еıӦǺõһҹΤϲ֪ģȻޡ

һ磬ͷϵĻƾʹϢˣ˵ھ뾩ͷ³磬ǵѾ³紫ˣ³ԽͷһϲۼҲԶȥһˡ
³̫̫æúãعƾһ·̣ˡ
ΤϺԺУ֮ҲһΤϣۿ˲ֺˡ
æȥ׼·ϵĸ
³ԽɣЪš
û¶࣬װЩͷ·ɡ

ǮҲһֱججģʣ޼ֱͭ̾
㣺ûˣϽһ˰ɡ
Ǯ޾ɵŶһ׼š
ϵʱٴμϻǸɡ
Ҫ°ϻǰɵĻ͵һǮϵĶһ飬Ⱦͳܡ
ԼɷʧܣӿѧʧܣԼŮֱƭǮɲǴôץסһݣȺֱǰɶȥ
ɣɣ
ǰϳǮϣ΢΢һЦ
Ҿ֪㻹
Ǯϴ˿Ѿ϶ˣܲ˵ĵɣҼҵˣָָ㣬Ҽһ·ɣ
ǰɿߵͯӣᣬǰһշġ
Ǯһ㶣ͯӽͣǸɵǮġ
ǮϵĻֻˣ⼸ķǮЩԥǰɻĿͯӾ׼һˡ
Ҹ
ǮƵģݸͯӣͯ΢΢һЦ
ԭǰ˸ʱԸһһĽУǮһ֣ظС
ҡʲôˣȥ֮ǰʵ
ǮһͲһ¶˵ˣԼҵ飬ٵŮŮ飬³αƭ飬ǮͼӴ׵һ˵Ҫжҡ
ǰüͷǡЩⰡ
զⷨ
ǰƺ˺ܾãóһǣöͭǮλε˰Σڵбˣڿǡ
ɶǮ˽š
˭˭˰ǣ
һż˳ǰʵ󿴵ĻԼԼǸŮӣǷˣ¸֮ࣿ
Ǯüͷ
¸
ͳˣŮҲľͳˣûʲô¸

ǮϺȻһ㶡
Ҳһֱڹ۲ı飬ɻ󵽺Ȼʲôһ˹
УŮ沣𣿡Ǯϼæʵ
ǰɱۣ
أ˵óȥŮ޳ȥˮŮϾҲѪ⣬Ȼ㡣ߵĽЩ͸ˡ
Ǯһзٵĥš
Ƕ½³ңǼӴʱ
ʧܣһǮ
ţУһ׮£ƫƫǽ˵⣬ˡ
Ȼȥ³ңŪ춼ˡ
ٽţﻳˣҡ
Դ֮󣬼һⲻһ⣬ⲻɫûл
ȻȻ󣬾ͳ˴ɵ顣
ԣûǮϺȻͷһĺ˳
˰ŮӣȻŮӸŰ˼ңҲһղһˣһ
ǰɻڣ֣
ǮˣûûУҿ϶˵δ޵ʱͲãûˣȻ񱻵˻ô˵˾ˣ˭ȥĵһ죬˾ˣ˵˭
ǰŶһ£
԰
ǰɫأβŻڣӦˡ
ǮǸš
Ͳûֱӳ嵽³ȥˡ
ɰզ찡Ǯϻ޴룬֪Ǻá
ǰɱۣ˵ˡ
Ǯϼˡ
ɣ·
˿ͯӴԱ˹λǮѾʱˣɡ
ǮɵۣǰǰһСȷѾȼͷǮ׼أߣæвУ
ͯӣɸˣǲһģҪ
ֱͯȻһ£һƣǮʣģ
ᡣ
Ǯϲ̱
ǡûôǮҼҵղŴɶˣûавУȰңҪǰҼҸ˵ˣʮҶԸ
ͯҡͷɸŲˣɡ
Ǯϱ˵ġ롱˳ɥץץͷͷһһ˳˽ȥ̾˿ȻѾɵԼľݡ

³Խһ·ڿ쵽ƻʱڵ壬ͷϵĴֻѾͣڣôһ˵ӰĶͷĽ䣬ʮҡ
³Խţ˹ȥ
硣
³ʱΪԼУ̧ͷԼĶܣۿ˲ͺˡ
죬˵ʲôȴһ仰Ҳ˵
³ԽҲܣӵǰʮ׳˶ˣʱȻݵĲģ
õģҲվڶǰһ̧ͷĸо
³Խļ򣺡磬ؼҰɡ
ؼҡ
³
֮ڱסˣ۵һޡ
ؼңԣؼҰ


41 
³Խţ³ɻص³ҵʱ, Ѿǰҹˡ
ַǼѾЪ£³ɸоԼһ߲ԶͿﻹſڵӰŨŨθ, ֱͣ¡
ɰ
һ޺ô˲˳һ, ǰˡ

³̫̫ип֣Լ㲵ģҲ, Τ, Ҳµ
ͺãͺá³̫̫³Խ˷Ҳģ绹ûԷɣӿУ
³ڼ, ʲô, ˲᣺鷳ˡ
һ˶ݣһȺĽҲܿ³ɵȷǶǰ, һһ¶ǡ
ԡΤһı, ֵһˮ³ע⵽ԼϱĶӡ
ϱҡ
ˣʲô˵³̫̫
³һ, ɿĽʣµĽӳˣ³Խʱ, ³ɵ߲˳ŵܵܿϡ
ۣãҲˣ
³ԽЦЦһ
³̫̫ҲЦɲǰŸû, Ҳˡ
³ɴ˴֣, Ǻ¡
˵, ³˳Ĭ̾һ
֪
³̫̫֪ʲôʲô֪ɣϸ˵˵⵽ôһ¡
³ɿˣͷβڣϷӿңǴӾߵˮ·յϣȲĺһӡһʼׯȷҼһɣϣũæĽһ֮ǰ˵ĻҲдң˵һӺδĲ˿Եͼңһͷȸ˶𡣡
ٶ𣿡
³ɰյĵʮᣬһ붨𡣡
ʱ˵û˵
³ɣˣȷǺöԸǮҲʹ죬Ӧһ֮ҽһҾס
Ȼأ
³ɣȻ󡭡Ȼ;ҺȾƣһ죬ҹˣ˵ʲôҪЯһݳǵⶼĻ˵ĺ׳Ȼģóһ飬ϡͿģ͸ӡˡ
˳Ĭ
ʲô飿³Խʡ
³ͷҲֻ֪֪ڶ죬Ӿͱ˵֮ǰ˵ĲˣҪҪټǮһɵˣΪɶ˵˰ʮᣬܸɰھͿʼʧңҲ˵Ľȡ
ҼˣȻ쿴иҲˣҾҧҧ˵Ըӣ˱ˣʮᣬҲ׬ģϷ¶档Ȼ˸ۣҪȫ̶ǻϷػضҽڶȥҾԼ˵ȥٸƵͳǸҴû飬ȻдԸһٹᣬɣ˿ʮҵɵۣ
̫ү֪ǲһģȻ˵ЧٽšöԲ֮ҾҲˡ
³̫̫
ϵǮȫûˣ
³ɿɫ԰׵Τϣϱ֪ҳŴһʮᣬʮ·ϡڴׯԷ·ѣǻѾʣ߰˰ˣȻٻ·޷ĵĵز
ȫٶĬ
³̫̫ü˵ʲôվû˵ֻǳ̾һˣ˵ʲôûˣɣʲô㣿
³̾ţѲׯ¿ȰһӰɣţѰѰûʲôĳ·
³̫̫˵ͷҲֻˣסɣûеڱ飡ο˾ͳˣҪǳһǵһǣ
³ɽͷĸͣҼסˡ

³Խˮ³ʹʹϴ˸ˮ裬³̫̫ˮ˵Ҫȥȥ
ˣԼȥЪŰɡ
³Խ˵ͷ˷
³ϴطΤڴߵ
ϱ˯ɡ
ΤϿ˯ţζӣݵʱʣȴǧٸʣ³ȴ¡
֪ʲôҲ˵˵ģҸղźﶼ˵ˣ棬ϱ˵ˣô
ΤһҲˡ
ǻͷ˵ɡ
³Ķӣã۶Ӱ˸˰ɡ
ΤһҲԼĶƤͦԵģҲ֡
ˣһڼң۰ɡ
ôһʣΤϺȻͲ֪˵ʲôˡ
ʵ⼸£ҡΤԥһǵ
ң³Щ죺ö˶˵ģɶ
Τ˵ڣֻò⣺е£ﲻҲҲˣҾͻȥˡ
³ŶһҲû룺ˣϱ
ࡣΤæͷҲܿˡ
³̾αһٹٸ׬һٹû룬ȫˣҵĲãģί˭ҲίͶĺӣϱͺ̥ȡСӡ
ΤϺȻޣصĵ˵ͷ
³ɣˣ⼸Ҿ׼ȥ¿ӣϵȷûǮˣߵʱǸ˵Ǯ˶٣
³һʣֱӰΤϸסˡ
ߵʱﻹûǮ
Τ֧֧ģʣ᣿ң̫ˡ
³ɵ˵ͷã˯ɣҲˡ
ԺЪˣԺǱҲͬ׼Ъ¡
֮ҲЩ˯ţʣ类ƭ£ôѽ
³ԽĬƬ̣ʱ򵱾Թ壬˵
ҲǡȥزģԷҪǴƭĺпܡ
³Խһ

ôϷҲƭңʵͦģǸͨͨĴ屻˵ôǲƭ簡ҪĻҲǹȥ
³ԽĬˣȻһû뵽ԼϱЩǣ˸
û£룬ҪʵڲģһͷҸ˸㿴ǲ壬ô
룺áҲֻˣǧ˵ȣ˵ɡ
³Խ˹ֹ˹ıӣֲɵ˯ɡ

һ磬³ĳȥˡ
Τ֮̾˸ԼҴ˸ǮϳհԼĶûʲôΤû˵
ǮڷԴմһץȥǴɸǮɾʵǮϳ˯ãԲ㡣
㶼ˣ㲻
ǮҡͷźȻ۾һϱﻹжǮ
ҪᵽǮȻ衣
ǮһǮ׬
Ǯϣ԰ɣҲǼǵöȥѧøӸ˸ʲôᡣ
ɫһ䣺Ҫŵģܶ
ǮϻЦתһ£죬㡣
㣺ҪǮ
תһ£ǼûּңԼǮû˵İɡ
ֲԸǸȡˣ˵ˣ졣
İɣܴǮʵڲУȥϱǸҪ
㲻鲻Ըĸȡˡ
ǮõǮͱþˡæţʽַھӴᣬֱһ
ոߵڣΤǰˡ
ⲻΤɩá
Ǯϣզˣ
ŮӣҸ˵ĶӴȥҪá
Ǯһɶ
ǰզ֪Ůû˵˵
Ǯ̫ˣȴװ֪
Ůޡ˵Ҳ˵أզ֪Ҫɶɣһͷһˣͷˡ
ǡҲɰɣһȥôŮ˵
š
ߺǮϲ˿ŮʮǮµˣû뵽ô죬ս˶ǮһŸˣǼҵ˵һܺʱ˵ʮᣬٹᶼѴѵˡ
Ǯһ룬һץһȥ
-
³Ǳߣ³̫̫ԷʱΤɫʵڲãϾƵƵΤϻԣϿҸɶ
³̫̫˿ӣʣ⼸£զ
Τһ
զ

ûȣԣ
ΤϣѽҲ֪Ǵȵ
Ͼÿسȥ⣬򲻵رõģҲǲ˵ġ
³̫̫ô
Τϲ̫˼³̫̫̾˿û˵ʲôˣֻд￴ҲѰɡ
ΤϺ档
ò
³̫̫ɫһ壺˭˵ҪڸһӾҪûߵʱҷ˵ġ
ΤҲˣû˵Ƕôġû˿ﰡ
³ֳ̫̫̾һԷɣ극˵
ܿţԷȸ֮Цŵţ̥״̬Ҳܲټ£ƽˡ
⻰Цˣ鷳
³ֵ̫̫øǴ˰ѻӡ
ΤϣǴ򿴼֮㶣˾䣺ӻˣҶʶˣ֪³ҵҲ
ΤЦŵ˵ͷǴʼţǴɫЩˡ
³̫̫һզˣ̫ã
ǴĿΤϣʣӻؼ֮Ƿ񾭳˯ѽ
ΤҲһ㶣ûаоﶼڸġ
⣬ҹС̥ӦҲҪٶ£им˴װ
Τסˣȥ֮󣬵ȷΪ˺ü޹ء
³̫̫⣬ɫҲǡʲôûУ
⵹ûУֻ᲻ӵʱҪܵͷˣɣӣȸ㿪ҩţммǣһǲдĲˡ
ΤһĸҲӦ³̫̫Ҳ˵ͷǴҩ֮ˣˣΤϸ̧ͷȥԼŵɫ³̫̫Ҳǹ˼ӣû˵ʲôֻǸϽΤȥϢ
Τϻ˷־ίˣΪʲô̥ͬʲôҲûУ£Ǳ۶ӡ
һί뵽ɵ£һ뵽ɵ¾ˣңæԹԵɻشϣǿԼ˻ȥ
ܼܼ
-
ǮϣʱһǱߴͷɥĳˡ
ȻȻûܳɹǮʱҲ̫ˣҲʲôջûУǰɸһңճӣǮϾæˡ
ֻдһ֡֡
֣
ɶ
ֿ
ǮüԽԽף˵һԶ³һӶһסţͷ̧ͷġѲ˵ԼҸֿҲʵϾҪˡ

ǮԺкȻһ飬԰ּң
ּҲ

ǮϵĸûƬ̣ȻڷּҡԼŮŮǿ
ոⱾҪȼõʱ³ʱ򲻳ɶ
ʱ棿ڷּң˵ɲԸ⣬³̫̫Ҳõͷ
ǮֿʼˣȥǸʸǲ֪Ϊɶÿÿʵؼʱյô졭ͯҲ˵ˣһΣҪʮˡ
ʮᰡ
ȥأ
Ǯһڴתƣ֪ߵ˴ӵھ֡
ˣ
дء
ʴ֧ʮᣬӦò⣬Ǯ˵ž߽ھ֣ʲô˵Ƕˡ
˵ŮⱻƭҪ̥Ǯԣô죡
ΤҴϱհףϿɲôƭģӵʱȢϱֽ˵⣬ʵѾ൱׸ˡһʼϻ㾴ţɺΪϺʹҲһֱûиһŮǮ϶ϱЩˡҲǸӣλȥһͨͲ󰮻ȥˣ߲СڻѾ㳹װΤҡ
ֲּʲôģҲǸʽ
˵ͼĬƬֱ̣Ӻ˰ϣ˵ϹǮǮȻ棬ǶϱЦӭġ
˵ҪʮᣬɵʣӦðɣ³Ȿˣǲǻ³³һ̣ûӲɣ
Ǯпһ£֪ôúŪͰ˳ҲܵǰɵӰ죬˵ʵУ㶼֪ɺӴ³ҶɳԵģǻ۸ĲӣҪڣզŰסأ
ȥ⼸仰üͷҲ棿
ĲˣǮԽ˵˵ʵУứġϿ޵Ļô£˵ͷɣʮǰɣҸȡ
ǮһϲģҾ֪ϱ㻹Ǻõģ
ЦЦɲҵǰӻڱǲµĸء
ҲúƽϣתȡʮǮæȥӣջ֡
ǿԸҪ־ݣʲôʱ򻹣ô죬ûɣ
ǮѾˣȴǰֲԣܲӦ𣿲ܣǮĸԸİӡһѽӹ˰ϵݹʮǮȾܡ
ȥ
ϽѴɵϣ
-
³ɽ¿³ϲׯַڶڽͷӶĿ֡
깵طС˭֪ⱻƭ˵飿¹ǹĵġЦģ³ϲׯſȴû˵ˡ
³ڲׯﰦ̾³ԽҲڣԱļ
³ǿܵܳ˸ЦаһҪһҵǼϴ󣬻һֱҪܵܰæʲô
³ڳﻮҪҪһ棬ͷȻһıһ£˵߶ȥˡ
߹·Ҫ㿴ԼҲׯտҵıϺõͰĶ͵Ķ࣬ϱģµģҪɶɶһƿһ
ˣ
˵ɤż³һͱɫһ¾ͳ˳ȥȻԼ϶ȻԼҲһ䲼ׯ
׻˵б˲ռ˵˵ͶЩԭ³ϲׯſڵǻһѷ䶼嵽˶ȥ̼䣬ԼҲׯ˼ˣźŽź³ϲׯγĶԱȡ
³Ļһ϶һЦתȥһ߻һߴʴʣⲼׯˮıأǼҵĶǰݸҲȥˣǧЩù˻ȥ
⻰˼³ң³ĲҪȥˣ³Խסˡ
嶯
³ؿڲ˺һ侲һڡ
һȥ˭Ц󣡡

Ϊ£³ɻؼҵʱҲǺܺã³̫̫³Խе֪ºû˵ʲôϣȫҲûᡣ
ţɿڵʳﻹܸ˴һЩϵο壬ҳ극ͻظЪȥˡ
³ɸջطͺΤϱԹһͨ¡ñԹϱ˵仹ǿԵġ
Τ˵ԼĶ濪һҵ꣬Ҳڷ˺þá
³꣬˵£ϱǮҳɣһҪǸ϶ȥѰ˼Ӳһ£ҪˣҲýһЩ²С
һ£ΤϾ顣ȥ˵Ǯϻһ˰Ǯ͹ڼȰȣһҲûȵҪǮΤϸоȥˡ
ҲۣΤϸɴͽˣ³˵ΤϰǮҵʱĵɴۣΤæ˵ˣ˸͹ٵȵȣ
³ɣǸǲ˵ɶˡǣҾͲˣڼҺúõ̥ΪɶҪܻȥ
ԽԽԾʮᰡô˵͸ء
ΤԣۿҲˣ㲻ڣһż˵һ֮ʹãȻֻУ˵ô
³һ˵ʹã
Τæͷߵĵڶ죬ˣҺݺݵ˵һ٣˵Ҳģչҡ
³һʱЩڴصĴȣ˵ˡ֮ǰԵáҲң
Τϲ˵ЩɶãȥôˣҲˣҲңǰ㲻ڵʱΪҾͺ𡭡ҡ
Τ˵˵žҪޣᶼҪˣԺȻһ³̫̫
˯ˣʲôú˵
³ûţӦһΤҲҿˣǵĻأҪǶĺӳ£϶ûꡣ
˸£Ĭ齣Τϻʹ˵ʲôϧ³ķҪȥ˯ˣΤҲֻô˵ơ

ڶһ磬ΤϾȥǮϵŶȥˣǮ
أԴһ֮߶߶ģǴҲˣҲˣֻ˵Ҫ£Լ˷ͷ˭ȥҲûã˵֮ٳ
ŻˣҪſںǮ˵ȴģҲģֻ˵Ҫ£Ȼɻ󣬱Ҳûܣû¾ͺá
ǮϲţŶȻҲûݵȥΤڼҼҲȵ죬סˡ
Ȼһˣĸﵽզ£
˭֪³ɸոճţû߳أȱ˸ѰˣҲǱˣǰϣվ³Ժſڣǰ³ɶ˻ȥ
ɩ³ӡģֻǵ˺ҲܸɣṦ򣬰ΤҴεķģ³ɺĴȻ࣬ȴҲ
ΤϣǺɩԸ
ɩ³ۣȻô⡣
Ͽżɽ˵ˡ
һھĿͱӣ³ۣԸһ˭֪һ仰ֱס
ûǮϱ㣬ֻĸǮˣ
³͵̧ͷԣǲԩеʮֵĪҲɩ⻰Ӻ˵𰡣һܵǼңΪ˺ڰĸҲʹ죿
üëѵǣĸŶҲҵţǰմʮᣬ˵ǸΤ̥˵ûǮϱˣֽдģ֮黹˭֪ڸûһǮҲҲˣҲֻ㡣
³ˢһеͷ
ɣ˭
Ժ˵ΤҲĳŶӴ˳һǰϣ㶣ɩ
ͬʱ³Խ³̫̫Ҳȫ˳
⡢ֱ³Ѿˣһ°ֽӵһߣ³ɿûǮǮԼҪȥ
Ҳһ˿ɻ䵽Τϡղ³ӵֽպþƮΤԵϣһҲˡ
⡭ʲô˼ΪɶдﲻǮҪҪ
ϵͷ԰ҽǮ˵㻨ϣֻҪˡ
Τķ˵˵ҴûҪǮǷʮأ
³͵ػͷɶʮ᣿˵ʮ𣿣
Τ֪˵©죬æһ³̫̫³̫̫վ³ԽǱߣҲɻĿ
Τϼˣìͷ׼˰ϣ㡢ﵱʱ˵ת飡òУһ⻰ӷŰǮȡ˸֧ãҲӦµ׾͸ңҲûõһͭ壡
Τϻ䣬ȫԺӵ˶ĬˡϹЦ̫Ц˰ɣת飿ôھ֣˵⻹ת黹ʮ᣿ΤδҲ̫ƭˣ
˵⣬һڶѾӦˡ³ؿǮأҪʣ
³
Ѿˣֱֱ䣬ɼж
ҲعĽֽΤһԸȴһ֪Ǽҽ괺һٶᣬ̥֪¶ɣ
Τһڣʲôһٶ᣿
һ˲䣬ȻǮ˵Щ
ȥˣϽֻһ㡣
߱ӣҲûʵĸͳԹҲá
ΤϻȻ
Щվȣ³ԽķҲûַ
Ǯϣ
³Ҫȥɱһȥ³Խæǰȥɻ³ԽסԼҴ磬˵ĽŲȴһ١
˵ܲٲܲٵ˵Ҳаţ˭뵽׼ȥҵϾͳǰǮͷģӲԶҲոܵ³ԺӴſڣһ
һ˶סˡҲһ˲䣬³ɷӦ㻹˼Ǯ
ǮҲһ㶣ע⵽˰Ҳڣ£Ȼôһ¡
׻˵ĺãеƤȳǽǮȻһ֣Աƣڵϴ˹ⲻҰⲻҰҪ־Ҫİ
³üͷǷ𣿣˵ʲô
ǮϵȷһĴӵվ־ָƿڴ󺰣ǱңҪ־͹
ԭĬĬվһߣȻôһָҲס
³Խɫɷ˵ǰһվţǮϾͿʼˣ
Ůﰡģ⼸һɣˣ֪Ϊɶô˳Ϊп㣡
Ǵɶ˵ˣԼ뿴޵³ҵʱ⣬˵Ϳ㻳УҲаûϳ³ңȻ󣬴Ϳ˰˵˭
Ǯۣⷬ˶˵ˣΤɫ԰׵ĿҲ𽥰ˣվ³Խ֪룬³ԽѾɫࡣ
ٺ˵˵Ҿͱˡڣ뿪
³Խһһĵٷŭŭӻʮֿµģ϶Ķ࿴ۡ
Ǯͷţߣֻǲܲ˵ĵɰûƭ㣡Ȣ֮ǰǸɶ㲻֪ŮĹƻҪȢȢ³Ҫùģ
³ԽľҪǰˣ³̫̫סˣһֱһ߳Ĭ³̫̫˿ǰʵЩ׼ĸǴģ
Ǯһµץס֣ɩɩģ˸İɣˣ仰͵Ҽҵ⣡ǧҪҰ
ɶˣ
Ǯϣ˵ǼǿүԷģ˵ǼҵⲻǴǲǿү˵Ҷ⼸겻˳Ҽ϶꿼ѧûϣ˵˵׼׼
Ժɫ΢΢һ䣬̲סЦһһϵ˶ũ
ũ񲻿Է˭Ҷ겻˳⼸ƲУ˭ûӣ˭Ҷ˳ˣҵϣƭģɼڵĻͰסˣ
Ǯһ㶣漴ݺݵĵһԼϱź˵˵ǰĿ׼ǰڼҳ֮˰Ǽҵˣڼһûȥϣ
ҡͷ첻ţΪҪ·ڻͷȥһңܲҵģ
Ǯϻǲţ˵˵ϡ
ϣҲҾһ䣬ʮǮǲǶǸˣ
Ǯ֧֧ĵ˵ͷɫһ䣬³Ҳڻعҵأ
ǮϿһ죺Ǯˣûڰ⣬ʻҪȥǼҹҲˣҪôҪȥˣ
㻹˵³Խֱһߵɨһ߳ȥǮŵ˺һĴС
㻹³Ҫ꣡Ҫˣ
Ǯһ˵һܣƺ³Խ˿̣һֱһ߳ĬΤЩܲסˣɫ԰ףڴڵĺ
󡢴ɡ
³ɻͷҲͬʱ˹ȥͼΤӱϻȥ
ۡɡ
³̫̫͵һĴȣȥ
³ɻعҧҧ˳ȥ

Ժҳһţ³̫̫̾һ


42 ּҷ粨ϣ
ΤϺܿ챻˴, Ѿڴ۵ͷˣ³̫̫ƿӳһ, Ͻȥвţ⺰Ҳûˣ
³Խϵʱӭ³ɺʹײˡǴ濴һۣɫһ䣺ţ
³Խ˵ͷ, Ҳû˵, Ͻȥˡ
û, ΤǰԼõĲҲˡǲһ߻һ߼Ǻö˶˵ģôǰˣû°ɣ
³ԽҲ˵ֱӽ˽ȥȥɡ
ԺѾΤϵĲҽˡ
бˣǲſ, æЩһҪأȥ׼ˮ
³̫̫о飬ȻľͱˣߵŸǰʣҪ, 𣿡
ǲżⶼ쿴ͷ˿϶ǰҪҪ֪ÿʼ֪˵꣬ǲžָΤϣ, , ʹʱʹ
³ڷⲽɫǲÿ
ȫ˻ûӸղǳ־л, Ҳûʲô±ΤҪ, ³ɾվſڵȡ
³Խ, ز֮ûڶԺߴ, ԼԺӣȥ
ڣҲġͷɩһĲҽУҲ
³Խߵߣ£ס֡
룬ǸǮں˵˵³ԽȻŭ⣬ع˿ۿȻͺˡ
ɡҡ
³ԽһĶˣæӵ˻С³Խһһɫȴ˭ѿͷ͹żŭ
ɣ˵Щ𡭡ǲĿǼҰ
ʣţ̺޵ĵǺͺ¡
³Խ̧ͷﲼ𾪣ôô룿׼˵
˲᣺Ҳ֪˵ЩҲġ ǰҵɽȥʱҲ˵ãĸ˸ʮʱˣҡ
³Խס졣
³Խз˾κˣڵɤ˻Ƶ˼㣺 Щ޹ءܺߣҶȥˣҪô롣
Ȼ³ԽĻзޣ޵ʮίǰʮί˳
³Խһ߹ĶӣһֽӵˣüͷֱĵεᶼĿڣƵʹ𽥣ĿС³ԽҲüᶨ¶˾ġ
ԺǱһ죬쵽ƻʱڲŴһӤֻǿȥģûʲô³۾һ³̫̫һ˽ȥ
ˣ
۵ͷ󺹣бһСӤˣǸŮޣҸϴһϴ
³̫̫˵ǸŮ޺ûʲôӦǸ³̫̫³ɣ˲Ͳʧ
ǸŮް
³̫̫ûע⵽ֻüһǲŻУôôС

ҲεЦЦɲϱûð
⻰˵³̫̫֪˵ʲôɴ³˵ɣŸӰ
³ɻعӲŮ޽ӹˡ
ΤϣΪѾ˯ȥҲ˷ӡ
³Խ˵ǸŮ˾乧ϲ磬³ǿ˸Ц
ͷԼŮ鸴ӡ
˵ŮãôõĵһӣʱҪһӣ˶ӣ֮ҲжҲͷˡ
ľѳۣһ³ҵŮޣ³̫̫СдѾڴõԼȥ³ʱ벻͸һߡ
Τϻûѣ³̫̫ǰϵͬһӵĸˣˮҲɾѾι˶̣ûСѾͷһͶ˶ӡ
Τϣ˯һһҹ
˵ûɶ󰭣ֻǴ˵˼ᵼµٲãǾҪ²ˡ
³ֱ̫̫̾źʹǰ³̫̫ϲǮǲԭΪ˸ŮûϲǮˣȴû뵽³̫̫һӣӻûôСһжϱ鷳㣡
ǲЦҾͲˣҶϱʱʱң
Τڵڶʱģʱ˻µģŸ֨Ҳ죬³̫̫˽˲عҡ
³̫̫ˣǸŮɱ˯ˡ
ΤһǸŮʧ
³̫̫ţһۡ
հõ˰ɣ̡
Τûʲôɣ˵˾䣺лл
³̫̫ӣ̲סˣ˵ˣ˼ᵼµҲûãѾҲèһϱ˵˵ҪǻҪӣҪңʵʵİãŶŮզˣŮ³ǻҪǻ벻ͨ£ûˣ
Τ𾪵Ŀ³̫̫ˢһ¾ͺͶߵһҡ
³̫̫ʹڿʼȥˣҲҪǸǮûŮҪӣٸӲҪ
˵꣬³̫̫ͳȥˣΤһ޵ί
ΪʲôһȫĴˣ⵽Ϊɶ
-
³̫̫ӶԺʱȫ˶Ƽˣ³ɱŮķҵԺ³Խ߹ļ
磬ȥɡ
³ҡҡͷﷳȥһҪܡ
³ԽĬˡ
³ɿ³ԽҲ̾˿ܣҲǣˡ
³ԽҡͷȻԸ˵³ɵһѵѵԣǮϣҲ³ҵĴţ
³Խû˵ʲôֻļȻתˡ
ҹĻ١
Ժ
СЩŵ˯ž³Խס֣ʲô
ʵʵ˵롭ʱôҲˣɩŮǲǺʧ
³Խһ֪ڵʲôˣָĶƤϣ ﲻΪģ롣
𣿡
³Խһ㻹˽ǵ춹ģ˲飬ԼﶼģĺˣǶӻŮﶼ˵ģҲ˵ġ
а࣬³ԽŲŲ
ɣá
-
죬³һֱΤϵģΤίҲұֳʱ³̫̫̲סְѴ˵һͨ˵չϱû˵ĵͶԼԺļ¶ãķ
³̫̫˵ϱʱܻ飬˵ӵʱǰ涼ûֱѴ˵࣬ͷ̧
³зƣɴȥׯܷͷȥѾ³̫̫Դʣ°Τϱš
˵ΤϲŮΤһ춼ûʾǵʱΤ˷ݱֻҲû¶档ǵʮʱ³˵Ǯϻȥ֮ΤΤҴľֱȥһ˵ȷˣǮûӰӣӰ˼ҵ̯˸ϡã˵Ǯϻƭ˲ˣǸ߷
ɾǮϻǸƭӡţΤˣֱӽ˸
³ԽﻤҲѹΤϼĻᣬѾﵹǼ˺üأϲĽԸѾһñһ˫Ьź˺þá
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Τӣûչˣȫ³̫̫һˡ
мȥæûڣ³ԽĻ˻ȥ
Ҳչ˴ɩȥǲæ
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һæǰæģҲۡ
ʵڲУҺʹ˵˵ӹ
룬⵽Ǹӣ˵ͷҲС
³Ҳû¶ô˵ˣ˵Ҿң³ԽڶȥַڴûԸġ
ɻ³ԽϢﵹȼϡ
ĸ
һֱæ飬ò׳˸գϽ־ 
ѽôˣ˰ɣϿĶӣϲ̵ʡ
Цˣ¸¡
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ס죺𣿶ôˣ
ЦѾͷͿˣզôѽĸڴڸģŰɣ
ﲻ˼ĽӹƷѸʲôѽ
ʲôƷѲƷѵģ⻰˵ģ⣡
ЦŰ뵽ԼԺ·ԺʱһۣÿʣɩӰɣ

ݺϲŷſҵү֮ǰ˵ˣĲ֪˵ƭǮȻһͨˣ
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ǿһ࡭Ͷӻ
һ⻰վӣǸԩǮɶҽǸ˵¶ģ㲻Һ϶ˣտӣզ
סˡ
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һ֮ҲΪд
ĸ̫ллˡ
ϰ˰֣Ͷһ£һظˣҲ˵һȥ
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Τϣ˵֮Ҳ临ӡ
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³ɣ֪˵տӵģȻ̫æˣҲ֡
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Τϲ˵ˣתȥ³ɣȻһӵĻ𣬿ŮҲˡ
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˵ŻΪûӵż߶䣬ҲûΪѹԴţһһ첻˳ģһǲ˲٣һ뵽Щôܺܣ
ǺйϵˣܲˣҲ˵Լ
ǣЩҺʹ˵Һ˵ֻǺˮ̡

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ΤӣѾӽıԵ³ǰӴ䵭ĺܣҲ˲ˣΪѾھ³ֱ̫̫ҡͷ
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Ҳӽ裬ŲŲ³Խ˿ĺļһҲտţ粽롣
ΤҪˣһ߱ŴѾһߺҵĹӴܱܲˣ
³ɸոմӲׯ첼ׯʮֵĲҵŮĿҲҪǲǶˣΪɶǿްĵôް
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ʱ˴˿ţ˵ǽҪѧøӸɻʶز֮Τֻж㣬³ҵڣɹҵһˡ
֮ǰб֪˴ϲһŮϢʱѾ˲ȻҲĺӴһݶߵſڣۼͿˡ
ɻˣϳԺһ³̫̫Ȼǵһ˳
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ʮߵСӣǳʱ⼸¼һΣȷÿζһ
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ʱΤϱŴѾˣȻ³̫̫Ǿ仰Ҳ֪ΪΣЩЦܻˡ
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ϱ³ԽЩסģɤҲź¡
ЦЦûѽ죬ӡ
³Խ³̫̫еĶӣ³̫̫Žݾͽ˹һСģЦˡ
һģӿ̳ģ
³ԽҲһۣҡͷҰף
ȫ˹ЦҲһۣ۵۰Щ塭
ѽС޶žͺˡȷˣհģҲ𼱣˵椾·أ
˱˵ĴЦϵĻ³̫̫ˣհհĽиֱͣ֡
³ԽϵЦҲûǲźʹǻϲصˣǴ򣬸ûʲô׵һǮ
³ȻҲǸ˵ģֻϲͷԼﲻڣ̧Ȼ˷
ΤڣһĲɡ
˸ӡ
үôôƽء
ѵӦǾ仰ﵱɣ
³ɽԼɥŸ²ãϲùӣ㲻ȥϲҲˣŸǼ˼
ΤϿϲҪǵϲ˭ǵϲأ
³һ㶡
ѾʱôˣҶĿԺһҵ𣿴һ𣿡
³üʱҲԣķûĸܣǵõû˵ܺ͵öѾˣĲ٣ɻҲչӣʲôƽģ
Τϲ˵ֻһᡣ
ã˵ˡ˵˵ʧԴǰҶˣƫƫܻһ죬ǾͺúϵĻؼҳԷǲǻûöء
ǡ
ǲϵ˵ĴֵǮҪĳɵһżһͷ͸˶ˣǲǣ
³һǡ
Ȼܻȥ˵˵ΪɶѲﻹ뿿Ŵȥ׬ǮǵĲⶼˣǻ׬Ǯ𣿣
³ɣС㡭
Τ͵һᣬԽ˵Խ
³ԥһܲǶֻ뿴ϷǲҲƭ
⻰ҲţܵͱûӰˣ˵ˣܰһ϶öȥģҪȻæҪܴ飿ܣﻰⶼƫʲôʲôʱ¶˵֪𣿡
³ɲ˵
ʱź˼ҷֳɺأ壬ﶼ˵󷽵û߶ˣ˼׬Ǯʱƣʵˡ
³һٻ˵ģһʱȻЩ㱣⣬ȴ
ֲ֪οڡ
˵ô࣬˵㵽ɶ˼ɶ
ΤϣҲʲôҾǾòƽ
Դ֮Ҿ;ĿʹĶǲʹġѲɻӦǾ仰רſġ
Τ⻰Խ˵ԽС³ȴ˸۾ҲԽԽ
Ժﳳüûע˫ŲԭſȴΤǻ֮͵һ٣վ˺ðΣתˡ


43 ּҷ粨У
Τⷬ, ֱֱײ³ɵУȻϣ˵ܻڴʱ, ûжǼٵġ
Ƿϵڴߣʼ˼ԼΪʲôôʧܡ
Τϻһ߿ޣ˶ӣ͵Űɣ˵, ſ, ֻһö, ǻհǸѾ͵ſɣ
ΤԽ˵ԽίֲĨ˰ᡣ
³ɲ˵ˣԺǱ߻Ц, ԺȴǷ޳ĬѾĸòɿҲʼ໵ķޡ
ƻʱ, ³ԽЩƣˣұԻطӡհ֮еǻ֡
³ҵСԺع˰, Ժ, ￴˯Ķ۾գһ£࣬м, ³Խʰ֮󣬾˯档
һ, ³ԽҲ˵㡣
³Խڻ
ţ۾Ŷ, Ӧһ
лл㡣³ԽȻл, ̧ͷ
ʣлʲô
³Խлл˸ӣˡ
һ˿㵣漴ۣⲻǹͬĺ𣿡
³Խͷԡ
ǹͬĺӡ
ǲͶˣһˣ˵ЩԲԣհհ~
￴հôôϡĲСָͷ³ԽҲ۰֮⣬˯࣬ػ˯ɣҲۻˡ
ţҲǡ￴ӣϸϸĿ˿Լɷ
հʱû̫³Խһʱӷסʱлıˡ
ӣ࣬³ԽֺγأԭѾӵķ䣬˲١

հĳ³̫̫ϵЦûȥ죬տ̫̫տհû֣⺢ӳĹԣ˶ˣ˵ʱſ䣬κʱǱ۾ڹԹԵ˯³̫̫оʮֵľȡ
Ȼ̫̫ƫŮѾʱҲֻôһԱԵôѾʵ̫ˣ޵̫̫¡
˵ҲˣѾ޵ʱհҲڣͲˣһ˫һĴ۾ܵϴţ
ôҲܾȣңհŻ˯ţԶܵѾĿӰ죬Ѿһ£֮ǰ˸࣬ҪǳɤźУ˶п̲ס䣬հûУ޵˻ƣ״򲻶˯
һ̫һ̫ڡ
³̫̫εҡͷ˵ӵǸ㷴ˡ
̫̫ÿÿ˵ĻΤоͲܡ
Ѿʵڣû˯һþ
ΤԽƽ
հ֣⻹ڰæ̫̫żִѾʣµľֻԼһˡ
ΤԵԽĳĬ˳ԷͱѾܵĲǰ˵ҲǺЦһˣסͬһ£ﾹȻټ档
ɵҲԴǮ֮󣬷ء
ΤЦܳﲻɣ
Τϰºʹ˵ˣҲû
ˣ˭ֿء
հûˣˮԣˮһ﷿ͣһʵǺȲˣû˵˰ĵĶ˻سȥڳΤƼˡ
զˣȲ£Τͷһ䡣
ЦӦһţˮЩҲУպһ١
ΤϵˮԶȻЩûٺȣҲȵˡ
ֲƽˣΤĴһ䣺ǺŶ
˵תˡ
ϵĶһ٣ЩˬĿҲˬ죬³Һúõһӣôһ˳ɥŸġ
ЩȻǺ֪顣
³Խļã˵ǸκοܻӰ飬ܿ죬հͼˡ
³׼졣
ʱҪӽͷνͷҪµС̥ëȻļںͷϹ£Ԣ˳Ҫ¡ñҪźӳȥתһȦһﶼҲΪˡ
ͷʦ³̫̫ϵ˵ģ͵һšֻհǰϦ³̫̫³Խ³ͬʱȥˡ
³̫̫Ǽϴ˸Ů϶˸ӣ˵һŮҶˣǸˡֻǴһֱҲûиŮ¾ƵϰףѾµʱ⣬ɣûɡ
³ɣ˵ɶأɶⲻǴͳհˣ
³̫̫ӣ϶أǸɶ
³ԽĬƬ̣ȻûиŮĴͳҲְɣѾҲûͷʦһ𡣡
³ɸܾ³̫̫ˣҲôģǲܹܵܰ첻ģǾô˵ˣͷһȻɣ̵ģׯĻǶйһ֣
³Խã³ȴЩԥ
ׯⲻˣǰƣͲ˰ɡ
³̫̫һԾʵɶʱ£ôû˵
³ɣǰ죬ǲǿæ˵𡭡
³̫̫ŭˣ˵ﻰʲô£ⲻһ˵ڲׯﻹʣƣ
³ɣɡ
³̫̫˼Ƭ̣˵ģǮˣ
ǿ϶һ˰µġ
ţӦõģʣҲйɣ˶٣Ǹ
³ɿ۵ܵܣֿӦһ
ϣΤ˵ºû˵ʲôֻǵҵĴѾ̫ˣ
¾ƲͲˣҪҲ˼ƨɺ棬Ҫ˵һܸѾ׼һѣ˵ǸҲϲˡ
³ɣ˵ʲô軰
Τתȥ˵ˣ໰˵ҲӷҲ÷οء
-
žһ죬ʮһ³ˣհˡ
ʱ³ſڵһڣ͵ſڣһ죬˷ĹҲȫ
ϲ
ϲϲ
³Խ³ſӭˣЦԭԤҪѧõģֻĩûʲôҪ飬Ҳڼаæ
ڷڡ
ĸ𡭡
￴žеԼûľȻһЩš
һڣûôԼòӵʱ򣬸Ǻþûϴͷϴ裬Լܲϵζˣ³Խȴ˿ûüͷҲûһ¡
³ԽͰˮھһ裬׵׵ϴһ衣
ò˵ںӱе̫ˡκ֮ǰѾôһϵĻ˵ǵˣ͹ﻹӦ
͹ģոջϵʱԼ죬СҲȫҲЩ⣬ֻԲ֣ǸԵɫƤ۵ķ·ˮ
ǣﱧհߵԺеʱ򣬶ʱͽ˵ȥˡ
صе»վͼеûɲܼûÿ˵ﶼ¶˾޵ɫҲþûˣȻ񿴵Щ˼
³ԽȻҲо޵ģ˹˺޲ڽȥ˵ʱߵǰֱհʵҲǵס˵ߡ
ѽ~
Ⱥ˿ʼ壬³Խ͵
ϾǹңҲÿʼкˡһЦϳ֣˶ип³Խĺøհְ֣֮һγˣҲ޲֣ڵˮϴѣĴˡ
٣С޻úܣҶ£˵ǸۣΪȽϿ£ϵСÿؼؿޣհ֮󲻽£ཱུЦǶǵùЦ
³̫̫Լôбˣþƺòϵı³Խ׵ʱ򻹶ö࣬Żҽ˰ȣҪ
³Խϱ³̫̫˶Цˣǵ˵Ļ
³̫̫СӣҼǵãİɣ
ΤϱŴѾڷھ˺һ˳ȥҲһ£ղŴӴ⿴ԽԼͷĥ˰죬ҲԸȥˡ
أͷʦˣ³ɼΤϰ춼û̲סߣΤϲ鲻Ըˣ
ΤϱŴѾʱеҲ˼ۣҲɵ˼ϲֻ־
Ǻ͸ղûˣΤϻģԼǶˡ
ѴѾհϣͷʦżӹˡ
հӣԲ۾д˺棬ﻳ￪ʼۡհֵ˼ｫӵСץסհҪͷˣɲҶ
۴Ѿأİ;ͳһƲ˲佫ͷصΤϻΤ˲ͻˣĳϣҪԼŮֿʼޣ̫ˡ
￴ĵģհѾЩЦŵѾޣܵ~
ѾհȻˣСܵܣϧհעȫǰļûзָһ
£ѾĿˡ
ΤһԹ˦˹ſʼŮѾ޲ޣǲܵŶ
˵Ȼֻһ˲䣬ӸղŴɩжһ˿Թޡ
Ǹ񣬺͵һȥ³̳ʱΤϣ˦Ǹӵһ˿˿
ﴹ۽ޡ
³ԽڲԶȻһĻ׼ȥܹס˵£³Խֻʱ͵ܵߵ˽
³磬ҸղſԺģ֪ǲ뵷ҡ
³Խɫȥ
³ԽԺߵʱ³ɸմéȶȥˮÿܵܵӰʱܳȥʲô³ɾ֣Ҳ˳ȥ
ԺͷʦѾհˣһμ̥ëͷҪܺãнģӱڴڡ
ｫհպã׼ͷƽᣬ۴Ѿ뿪˵ʲôֻղŴɩԥһ£û˵ڡ
Ժ⡣
³ɸ³Խߵתǣ˵ͣˡ
³ԽѹúܵͣʱǣȻһɡ
Խ磬ǴõĻᰡǰ͸ûأŹģδˣҪٵһꡣ
³Խһ͵һ꣬Ҷڸճ߲
ƺź̾˿Ƭֵ̺ɩǴأ㿼ǵզˣ
³ԽֳĬˡ
³һʼö϶ģֵʱЩˡ
Ĭ˺һ³ԽŵҪɩ£⣬š
̾˿аɣԽ磬һҪǵøһŰ
ġ
˵󣬵ͷӻͳһݸ³ԽֶӵģŰɡ
³Խȥɡ
ˣұźӣˡ
³Խ˵ͷ
³ʱתǴ̽ͷû˵ֻע⵽ǸǸӣһһ˵ˡ
³³Խת֮ǰȻԺӣȥ֮ɫӣüЦźкҲĲɣǿӦһЩˣԼȶΪɽȥˡ
ɵǣΤҲŴѾȥˡ
ԣ˭Ҳû˵·ͷֺԼ޹أ³ڴ˼˺ðΣ̾˿

ⳡ¾һֱҹĻٲų׽˷飬ŹҲˣźһ磬ȻڴɨԺӡ
һҪؼȥˣ¾ƽ³Խһһɫһ䣺öٰûȥ
ЦƣĸҪû治֪ôˣ⣬Ҫµġ
˼أ³Խȴա
⡭̫ˣ
ƴǲֻˡ
³Խ˲پƣ³̫̫Ҫհ˯ͬˡ
æһ죬Ҳȷʵˡ
³Խȥϴģϴְϴˮﲻùܣȥ
ϴ꣬һѲŻص˷䡣
ھĵģ³Խ˯ˣת׼ֻǺȻ֮䣡һ˫Ĵƣ͵ؾͽסˡ
ֻôһ˲ܿͷӦ˹³ԽҪ§סﱻŰϣȵĺĶߣ顣

˴ָµĺ¶ģҲŵ
һεˮޡ
հڣˡ
⻰˼ȻˣҲǧƵģ߸һ˫һˮģ˶ͣ׾پҪ
ɡݡ
ǣصݣϧƺ̫ãסûٵȰֵĵ
Ҫ£˫ֱȳŰ壬Ժӡ
Ĵ.Ŵеĸй٣ҧס´
ԺȻһйɵ죬ǷײŰһģ˰Ρ

Ǻ³Խ˻ȥ˰Ե͸¶һ˿㡣
˯ɡ³Խĵ
ȴҡҡͷģȥϴ
ȥˮ˽
ȷۼˣ˵չİõĽˣıۣŶɽ
ɹһﲻǱ³ԽѵģǱѾĿ
֪ΪΣԺǱߴѾĿ쳹ԺӣﳳˣҲ̫̫Ǳ߳ˡ
ĵƶˣ³̫̫ӱԺ˾䣺զˣզ޵ô
ΤϽͷöģ³ɼ﷢ʣҲ˳ˮˣѾûš
³̫̫һ㶣ˮˣ⼸첻𣿡
ΤϵĶ䶼ҪըˣҲ֪ôˣһֱụ̂ѾһȲֱӷޡʱ˿̣Τ޲ýϵ޵ݸˣݸ˭ãֻҪ޾ˡ
Ҳˣ³ԽôӾ
ʴѾզˣŲ̫ﵣĺӣ³Խû˵ʲôתͷȥˡ
³̫̫ɣ˾䣺ǲιɣˮࡣ
³ɺΤϿ³Խҹɫ˳Ĭһ˲֣Ұɡ
ΤϺȻջǾ仰ˣ˭У
´Ѿ޵ףڱϿţΤҧҧǰѴѾݸ³Խ鷳ܡ
³Խ˵ͷŴѾˡ
³̫̫ȥŮӴǸ
³ʾΤҲȥΤϲȥԺͲס³һֱߣֻҲȥ
˵󣬶˵Ͱ³ԽĴѾ˹С޵ͨ죬Ҳۼˡ
ԹԹԣѾޡ
һߺţһѡ
Ѿƾűܹ˹ܿҵ˵طȵˮһ̣ͣˡ
³̫̫վڱ̾˿Ҳ۵ĲУǸġ
Τվſڣֱ³̫̫⻰һ̡
ûˮŮǿġ
ʵΤ֪ʱ򣬹Ǳˣ̣ôûС
վſڣҲûֱ߽ѾԱСѾͷöֺ˺壬Ѿۣˡ
³̫̫ͷһΤϣΤŻعǰȥӡ
лˡɰͰ͵лȴûЦҡҡͷɩ
ˡ˵꣬ΤϾͱŴѾ˶Ժ
³̫̫۴ϱֿ۶ϱ̾˿Ҳȥˡ
³Խߵߣ
ôˣ³ԽҲ˵ֻǿȥصģû룬û³Խ˯ˡ
³Խȴûۣһ˫һֱĿ컨壬˼ʲô飬Ҳǵʲô
Ȼչ죬ԺǱֿˡ
³Խ˲ۣ˿ߵ˯óû³Խ˵أ˷š
զˣҵүӴ
Ժ³̫̫׾ͳˣ³Ҳ˳Ѿˣ˲٣
ɶ³̫̫һ⻰ûվȣûӤ·ȺǣǴѾʱҪ
ɣȥ򣡡ע⵽³ԽҲˣ³̫̫һ
³Խüͷ壬۶Ժתߡ
ţԺŷһ޺
ѾҵĴѾŶզˣ
Τڿޣ³̫̫һһ¾ðˣɣܺϱ𺿣Ůû¶أҺ
³ҲҵһͷݾȥΤϣԺôĶԺûԶɷ䶼ˣҲԺ˳
˵Ѿˣۡ
ʱΤϱŴѾܣȥ³̫̫Ҳȥʲôҹģ
ҪѾȥ򣡣Ϊɶû
ΤϽӽЪ˹³̫̫ҲĴȣȥˣ㵱
ܲ侲
侲ΤϵȻЩˣ˿̿˲ԶԹƵĶﵹһ
ΤҲûпںֻǱŴѾֱֱľͳ˹ȥ֮죬ôɶûӦ
￴ɩ䣬ۿŴɩԽԽŵҲ˸һŲ֣Τϵĸ첲ۿžҪ̧³̫̫ʹɲŷӦȻѾˡΤ벽ľʱʶ˺˰벽ţɺȻǰžһһİ⧲ģɵ°ϡ
³ԽŴϻ˲䣬ÿһĻ
һ̣Ժһļž
ѾͿˣ̫̫հֵհҲ֪ǲǸӦʲô۵һ
ʮĿ˲ۿ
ΪԼĶӣҲΪǰ顣
Τһƣɵ°ӡɱߣֻǴ°͡ϣǾͲֻ°ôˡ
³Խһ˹ɷ˵ľͽһ§˻
ˣ³̫̫ĺٽţ³ɵüͬ˼ĿŴɩڣɩӦ侲
³ɣѾҡ
Τ侲ˣֻƬָ̱㣡ǲˮ
˻ǰ壬ֻǱ³ɺ³̫̫͵ס³ԽǶյĺĿһۡ
³̫̫˵˵ˣ
ΤЪ˹ĺǶƫѾ绹úõģǺˮǻƫ
̧ͷ˵ʲôȴ³ԽڻסĶ䣬ڷ
ΤϵĲĽڵ˼Ҷѣַϡ˵ƻ³ɵʱ˿̲ŷӦһסԼɷ˵ľҪһơ
֣
ΤʶסֻҲ³ɸˡ
磡³ȻҲŭ⡣
ʹɩʲô𣡣
³̫̫Ҳʹ⣺ԩңǾһԶԩҰ
˿һͿɵ˵ĴӦæҲǰȰܣˣҪȸҺӣ
³̫̫һѴΤϻбѾʱݺݵ˵һȺûõĶЩǰ֣ѾڿʼҴһȺʲô
³̫̫ȻҲˣ˶ֻǰŮļãǴ³̫̫˱ԺҲҡͷ
ԺǻһԵĽޣ³Խߣ³ɺΤͷмվ³㣬Ȼ̵ЦЦ
λؼңҾ;ü񲻴һˣҲΪʲôҲˡ
³Խ죬Ҳ⣬ˮͽǰ½ʪ˾ԺоվţҲ֪վ˶á
ԺǱߣˡ
û£մ˵ˮ
Ҫ£С۲죬ˡ
˶Ĭţֻ³ǰͣǴڰʾⲻأҡͷˡ
ֹһԺﴫ³̫̫ʮ
ԺļˣŲ˲ӣݡ
ɣͷհʹѾ
³Ӧһȥˡ
³̫̫ˣ϶ᣬֵܶҧһԲ
ɣҿϴķϣ˵
³̫̫˿ڣ³̧ͷ
ΤĲԣһȥѵ³ɱ˰ôһ³̫̫һָˡ
˵ʲôƨ.򻰣Ҫ˵
³ɲ⣺Ҫʲô
³̫̫޲óԼӣˣΤϣϱ˵
ΤϰһŤһ仰Ҳ˵
³̫̫ü׼ڣһֱĬ³Խ˵ˡ
ˡ
˵߶³Խ³Խɫ£¶˾ģֿ۴磬߶Լϣڡ
˺ܾãڵİ취ֻһ
³̫̫ʲô
ּҰɡ
³ԽµúȴǧҲͬһף³ԺӵϿ˶ըĿɿڴ


44 ּҷ粨£
³Խ˵ֺ, ȫ𾪵ľþöδع
϶㡢˵ɶ
³̫̫ǲģǾðûзӦ, ΤϣȷӦ
Ƕȿڵġ
³͵ػͷһۡ
ԣȿڵġ³Խͷ, 漴Цһ
ָҲ, Ҳ, ˡ
ȫ˳ĬտѾհҲһ˿ʹࡣ
³Խ̧ͷ, ּҰɣԸסҸգǱҲṩ, ǼȥֻԽԽ㣬ּңԴҶá
³촽, ˵ʲô, ȴ˵ڡ
϶뷨ˡ
³̫̫Ĩ˰صһ䡣
ܾˡ³ԽҲ粵
ΤϷﴽ, Ͳǹˣ
ΤԻл³Խû, ǿ˴硣
, ҡȥ, ۣҲۡ˺ܾãҵķ׼׼ҪͬأҾʹᵽȥҪҲǼҵԺӣҲС
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հ˵ǲǺѹͼͶ˵հȻƺϲֻҪ˵հǻšۡƨСĺ죬ɰģǽЦˡ
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³ԽոջصУŵҸķζ


45 շʳ̶
ҵԺȻưһЩ, ³Խ߽Ժǽ״ֽͨƾɵĴԺȫһ, ԺԭһЩήĻľȫȥ, 硣ϲӻ³ԽԺһŵӻԺſ, һĲԡ
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⼸ˣͿʼоĵģիĵǺóԣŶҪþúþãڼҲţɴԼ֡
컹˲ٵ̶ڼ̶⣬̶Ǹҹݵģ׾ܴƤȥƤ̶ֱϹ죬ֱӿĳ̶ȣһ̶ȫ̶࣬ܡ
ͣȴ̶¹С𷭳;ѿǽζҲͣһ̶ֱܶͺ󣬹ػ䡣
ٽžͿɸ״ˣɣ̶ܱ任ָ״̶һϣ˼̶⡣
ҵģ³̫̫ǱҲ
һݶȥ̫̫Խգ۵̶ھͻһ̲ס˺ü
˵˼仰ŵʱû뵽Τϡ
˵кþöûмˡ
ΤƺЩǰһ㲵ʱȥ˺ܶ࣬ȵ˵ͷ
Ҳ˵ͷ˾кˡݺ󻹾Щ죬ҲҺ÷ּˣҪȻһסţ治֪ôദźá
ΤȥѾģӣѾЩ⣬Ҳôˣ³̫̫ϱҲЩֻദȴûôˣԼĻ˵ǣ۵ûš
ڻհ³̫̫õָֻһЩ
صԼԺûãˡȣЦã˵ҪԺü£ҲǹǺͿʼ⣬³ԽӽƻʱҲææ
ȥЪŰɣá
֪ɱǸɻæ³ԽȥЪţ³ԽȴǲϣҪʮȫùſȥϴ衣
ֻˡֲ̧˲ô⣬϶٣³ԽȥϢҲȥ˾
ڵľϴ´࣬³Խ˺üΣƤ˵ʲôϣһҪ³Խ˸Ͻȥ³Խıʧܣֻӣ㬵ĵԺС
ܵİѶʰ룬ϴ˻˷
һհ˯ú磬Ҳʱ䵥ú˵
³Խȿڵڼ귿ҹϻаʮᣬҴЩǮ㣬Ժˡ
ҸŲˡ
Ǯܼҡ³ԽЦѧЩү˵һѡ
ѽͲЦ
³ԽͲȥԽԽж׬Ǯ˵̲꣬סЦ컬࣡
³ԽֻǱЦ
¶ﵹӦˣȻԼ˲һǮֻǽҪհȥѧãڿʼ׼ȻҪõġ
룬ֵи¶
³Խ˵
֮ǰ˵Ǹ뿪ȥԣôˮ࣬Ҳ࣬һ⽴֮ģ꽴и顣Ҳ̫ߣʮҾͶ˰ɣҪûģʮһƿ
³Խ˼Ƭ̣Ǵأ
Ҳˣ͸ǣ˵˼ңʹҲֵܣҲҪ⣬Ǵ϶Ҳ
³Խ§ڻ̲סĶͷ
⵹С£ֻ㣬۾ѲӵģϲĻȥϲ˾ͲǼҡ
֪ġֻհܵ㣬Ҳȥѧãһͷء
³ԽипԣһŮҲҪܼױġ
һ̧ͷεεĿһۣ
ôһҲ˵ֻѽ
Ҳ˵ˣ
һ죬תȥû
³ԽЦ׷ȥ˵ˣ֪߸ء
ԭס˶䣬ַʲô
³Խܴ˵˵Ҫһѣӣ椲ż
û뵽ôģ
š
ùŹֵһۣϵ龢̹ģѲһꣿ
³ԽƺԼС޵뷨Ц˭˵Ҫˣ
յ˵˼֣һ죬ûķӣҲò˼飬ɴۡ
³ԽĴƾֱסģһ̽ʹ˵ơ
椻Եȵȣе飬ɵȲˡ


46 ۽ź
ʮ, Ȼһѩ
һҹ֮䣬֮һƬذס³СԺ, ǽͲ϶һѩ, ƽʱĹҲˡ
ʱһ̣ԺСŸ֨һ, ³ԽˡԺ, һ¾ǱһЩûʪĲ˳ˮˮϴ
ڵҹ, ڻ˯ε, ³Խ᲻ý, ´ǰŵģ
ˮտȸ³ԽֵҲֻмĸ룬ǱҲˡ
³ԽԼҺ³̫̫Ժǽ޵ĺܵ, ȴܸߣм仹˸С, ʱǱ߶, ³Խͷһ䣺, ͹ȥ
³̫̫, ͵İӻ, һȾͳ, հû
û, ұȥ
³̫̫һֻԼĴ, Ӧһ
Ժ˵Ż, Ҳۡʵ̫ůˣ˸ߵհҲۡ
հˣ˰ɣѶӱհϰߺȶٳ̣һ綼֡һιӣһ߳Ժ￴˿
³Խܿȥ˻һˮ͸ɾӡ
ôѽЦʡ
³ԽЦЦûʲô£˯ǡ
¿ɶأҪʼ׼ҹˡ
³Խͼˣ̫ʢҽҪȥӾ˾ǣЩɶ𣿡
͹ӻЩɣǺ͵ĶС
³ԽҪҪҿͷǳӡ
Ҳء
³ԽͶˮšɺհ˲հԣ
³ԽԶӻǺܴȰģһ߾Ļ£һ߿Ц
Դ붬ûܹ³Խ޵Ĵ󿻱ǰҪʵůͣÿǰ׼õˮϴ꣬ﱧŶӣȥ³̫̫Ժ
ӣ̫̫ˡ
Ҫ׼ЩɶҪҰæ³̫̫ʡ
ЦͰչհС
³̫̫Ц򵥵ģϲ
ûΤҲѴѾˡʮţΤҲҪ׼ҹȻǰ֪ȥܼ꣬һ䣬³̧̫̫ͷһۣϴǳֳɩ϶ڣҲʾһ£
ΤεЦЦǡּҲţҿǱͿʼԤˣҲ֪զ˵
³̫̫һǱ㣬ֻǽ˾˺;ĸҲҪȥ˶ֵĵط
Τǿ˸Цˡ
˭֪Τϸ߲ã³ɾˡ
ȥǳԷ
³̫̫ˣ˵ȥǱߣôʣ
³Ц֪Ǽ꣬ȥǱ߾ǡ
³̫̫һ˼
ϱ˼
³ɣ£ƽϣҶˣټ򵥵ģҺͶܼ棬ڶܼꡣ
³̫̫ŵ˵ͷ⻹񻰡
˵˼ңҪǹҶˣǲĽĺ
-
³Խ緹ͳˣ³ҲҪ³ԽȥˮϺͶŹ£ȻҪȥѧýܣ˳ЩϹġȻ䣬뵽ϾȫԲˣ³Խﻹʮֻȵġ
æǰæ󣬿ʼ׼ҹ
һЩ±ˣǾǱҪǰ׼ãֻӿˮӣһͬ¹±ƵĻмצѼЩ³Խ˵ֻʶ죬һֻɱˣһֻԺ׼ʮ塣
±ˮʱ±±Զûнݸҹ㣬¶ʮߣͰ±ˮѾˡֻϹȣٰ׼õӡצѼƣȫ¹ȥ±⻹йţ⣬ʵţˮҲȥ±±ţ⾢һ¾Ƶĺòˡ
ȥһ꣬³ҵ⼸ûϹţ⵹Ǻ١ţⰴղλȫ£ţӿ±ţＹǱ㡣
ЩʵüµĻһ±⣬±˲һСʱֳЩź
˵źﻹԼһζСԡ
۽ź򵥿֡ð÷ˮ÷һζʳģԼ̼ᣬˣۼҪôķۣԴһζкͷ۵壬ζոպá
ź¹죬ȥƤƬİ÷ˮʱϣˮ÷ӻǴŹǣҲһá֮źƬۼݣӷۻǴʱ³Խɽɵģһհڣû뵽Сޡ
۽֮źٵˮźƬҲ΢΢ʱϹʣµķۣС尾ȵС£źƬ΢΢ǵĽɫȵĹźı棬ɫĹ󡣵ȹȫźոţðݣͿԹػˡ
õ۽źùܷⱣ棬ҶỵȡһƬ۵ζΪ÷ӵļ벻ڵ壬ڸеֽûסһ³˺üƬ
꣬Ϳóд˺ͼˡ
±ҲػݣͻһŨζ±±ˣֱ̣ǰļˡ
æһУ³ԽҲǡûؼҡ

ϿȥɫԶЦźк
˾ˡĸЦ߳ȥŹһ˿ȥ˲٣ΪԵʣҲ˵ˣҲ߳ȥˡ
ɩ
³Ҳˡ
ܣݰɣﶼʰˡ
һ߳һЦҵĸүҲ̫ܸˣϻǸɶأѾˣ
ЦЦ˵Ҫ꣬Ծ͸˸ϡ
˵ĶԣǺù꣡Ӳſ
ӭ
ԺǰԺʰɾˣĸסԺɣܣסǰԺɣҰԺӶɨɾˡ
³ԺҪ޺ˣ³ЦŵǾ鷳ɩˡ
Ц˵³ԽҲˣǾͿɡ
ϣ׼ɶҪҸæ
˷򵥡
Ϻһ˳һ±⣬̲סܸ̾ɰĸ˵æء
ûʲôҪģ;˾˺úЪžͳɡ
һЦһ߽ƿһ˺õȥֻʣˣýµġ
һһ룬ܽ͵׷ı棬һ֬׷ﻹľ㶹ƿһ˴ѵȸ³Խʢһ룬챼һգ϶ۻˡ
ٿִ˸³Խȥʸûԣ³̫̫УζˣһǱζģӾ⣬ܲ
³̫̫Цź˵ѷ˶˽
Ȼֻͨͨ˷һȴԵ쳣㣬˵Ц³̫̫һ߱հһߺ˵Ц࿪ģЦֱֱԺǽɵȥ
Ա³ɵԺӾԵЩˡ
ӽ꣬ǲׯõʱڣ³ָһܸׯһµɫһ顣޷Ľȱȶһز˵׼ҲǺܳ㡣
ǶҵģϧΤļȵæ˴Сû꣬緹³ɻķտҲʱЩˡ
ôڷҲûУ³ɴӳЩŭ⡣
Τϻæ⣬ͷҲ̧ԷȥǱȥæˡ
³ü˼ңôȥ֣æҲٷҲ˰ɣ
ΤҲ۵ùǺҲǺܺãҳڼһˣ㿴Ǳ߼ˣֻǷּˣֲǸֵ飬㿴ܻ⿴һûУ
³ԽôһҲܲˬǰܻˣкҲûһԷѾĬȥǱˡ
˵ʲôأѾˡ
Ҳôּ࣬ҲԸˣ㲻ѵȥ
³ɺ˼䣬ΤһԲվֵĳȥˣԳԳԣ֪ԣ
³ɻ˻ӳȥˣһزׯȥԣ
ΤڳѹưˤĶ죬ȻԹ
֪Ļһôۣ೦ϴ꣬һһۣûŵʱԴ֣Ҳ˦ֲˣֻʣһˡ
Τ̾˿Щȫ˳
-
ߣ˳˷ϰʰˡãϷҪֲ֣ȥǰԺʰʰӡ
ɩ
ЦŸ˼죬䣬Ҹ౧һտҲͦů͵ġ
³Цܺã⿻ִֽʵ䡣ⷿӸǵǲҶס⣬ȥˡ
һҲЦˣ̫ˣסʡּ򵥣հҪѧϰء
³㣺հۣ϶Ǹĺӡ
˵Ŀϣ̲ס˾ھѧõķǶ٣³һһ֪
ǻܽܡ
ɩɣϻشȥĽֱͬˣͬ˵˶ɩհ飬Ҳʾ⡣
Լɹػ¹߰ɣҶЩ
ǣǾͶɩˡ
ﰲٺ³ߣȥ˵ЩŻصԼӣ³Խվڼ϶˵ģ֪Ūʲô
һתˡ
أʡ
ûУ׼հľżҹߡ
֪պã˵ߣЦЦû˵ʲôֻǿ˯ɣ绹еæء
ǴʮȷҪ硣³Խ˵ͷߺĵİѸղŲסľϻ˳Ѿ泯ˣ¹⣬³ԽĴ򿪣澲һԲԲĽ
һȻĵĽ˳ÿ϶򿪵ױ


47 ꣨ϣ
ã
ѽ, 
ʮһ, ոմԺ, ͷַֽڶĸ磬ǶЦźкҲЦŵһá
³ԽǺһͬ, µѩ춼Ѿڻ, һƬӨ͸ƺȻһ, Щ, ͷȴǸõġ³Խ, Ϳʼˮ緹
½ģϡ˾˺ɶˡϽ˳ȥæϾͼ򵥳Щɣ
ţ԰ӰɣǺԷһһߵ
һҪȥǱߣƲƲ죺Ҳȥ
ȥѽ, ר˵;˾һҪȥ
Цˣɩ΢£ǲ֪ɩֲ⡣, , Ҳ˵ʲô
νЦЦ, ĲЩ, , Щ, Ȳһҹ
Ҳǵȥҹζ, ڳ֡
³Խϴ֮հȥ̫̫Ǳ, Ҳȥ
, ΤϼæһҹǿѽԲ˳ֻ緹ֹ˲ˣȥ磬ǿŶӵġ
ڴͻȥ緹ˡ
һߣ³ɾ͵ȥˣɹˣզҲ֪޶緹
Τææң˵ϣ˵ҪԷⲻæ׼أȥҽģ˭֪ûš
ʮ˭š
㲼ׯأȥ
³ڳͷһ߿һ߳ߣҿ϶ȥ緹޵ƯһЩʱǰͻء
֪ˣ㾡ЩǵżҵռҲ׼ĻǴæҪǿʳͶ
³ɵ֪ˣҲôģõռãԼҵķҪ̫Ҳ˵ȥ
֮ǰ³ԽҪѶ͵ȫҺã³һæЦʣ첻ȥˣ
³ԽҡͷȥˣгǣҺܷġ
Խˣ˦ƹˡ
³ԽܵЦЦػ²߰ɣ
ţѮҪˣѧúúϰһ¡
ʱ㡣
ֵԺһ˵ŻĵͶͶˣʱʵĴ㣬Ժһҹÿɱ
³Խ˹ȥĸЪȥ
Цǰʱɱ㼼УɱСңԼҿģҪûУ˵ȥͶˣ
³Խ֣ЦӦãתȥɱˡ
Ѽɱģڴ˱ѼʱַһϾϣɾѼƿӣ˱νİ˱ָǻ⡢㹽Ϻסӡ޲׻ŴסǴİ˱ʱũҲûôֻི׼Ŵ㹽Ͱ

˱Գ֮㣬ҲŴ׾ȵջȵ֬ζЩԳ֮İ˱ѼӣһǩѼӷϣ֭ѼӱͿƣõһֻѼӡͣ԰ѼӵıƤһ壬ѼӵıƤ΢΢ĽɫϹȥҪʱڼ仹Ҫû룬ǵ鷳ʱĲˣ
Ȱ˱Ѽǰڹȫ׼ãΤǱߺԷˡ
ժΧȹ׼طѣԽԺݺ󴽱߷һ˿Ц⡣
ǰͱˣԭֻհ³ԽһףԼûʲôֻ³Խ³͸»ǽ꾩еĿʽһɫС̰ȹĳ
򵥵˸٣ߵκбߡƽֻϰߴӣձϾǹ꣬뵽ǰǶԶ˿˿ģ˺ӡ
ССκб򿪵ʱȴ͵ţۡ

ɣһ¡
³Խݣ𣬽ݡ
վľܱߣЦЦĿ³ԽϵȹӣЦܺÿܳ㡣
⣬㣬κɶˣεεģһ˿֡
³Խװ֪飺ʲô
㻹װ۲ˮĿһۣȻֱӰǽ˳ССȾű죬ߵǰʲôʱģ
³ԽǶЦŴȡġ
ƬĽ𽳣𣬳˱Ľ⻹Ҫȡһķã۾󣺡ǡǵûǮ
³ԽʵҲպãŴʵѲ˶ٽӡ
ﲻɵǰأԵ֪ǶأҪ³Խ˵³Խֻ˵ʵ
ۡ
ô࡭㡢Ǯ
³ԽеĽùǣϣƤף֮óÿ³Խ⼫ˡ
޷ǵֻæûѸʲôǮʱҲ׬Щ֮ǰּҷֵЩӣͶˡ
˵ЩǮȫĻ𺳵ġ
ѽ˵Ҫհ
³Խͷɵɵհȥѧãȸ㣬հˡ
ȻоۿģĬĬԲĽζ˵³Խֹ˹СӣˣֲֵԸ椴
ûסЦˣôǸ椣Ҫô죿
ܡ³ԽƶҡҡͷȻյС˵˾䡣
һŬ
̧֣̲סһ
-
ȫ˵ԲڴǱ߳ԣǰԥ˺þãֻǶԶѽŻȥˡ
Ʋ¶Ҫ԰ڡ
ΤϽҲ˼£Ͼ
꣬˭ҲɥŸվſЦŽ˶ӭ˽ȥ
ֻһԺӣЩң˵ԺʰĻɾ࣬м֧һŴԲ³Цк
³̫̫ȻλհʹѾߣСһ춼һ£ͷԵģűɰˣ³̫̫Ǹģ춼ϲ£
Բǰһڣ³ɺ³ԽԺһ㣬ž

ΤЦŰѷ˶˽
һӵĲˣŶͦģѼУ³ɻԼմӾƽѰһ̳þư˳үˡ
춼ȵ㰡׼ѣ
³̫̫ɣ绹Ҫ棬ٺȵ㣬˼˼ˣҪȣȥܼƴ
﷢³ֻЦӦǡ
ﲻ˵䣿³ʡ
³̫̫֣˵˿ԣ껹Ҫأ
˱ȫ˿ӡ
ΤϵĳȲȴҲϾǰҲķֻԲ
ֱռǿ϶ǱȲԼģЩ壬ҲЩˣλعȣζȻЩǿ⡣
Ѽ൱ζصģ΢þһɺصζ֪ΤϵվûһܲѼ滹ƮһͣʵҲûʲô̫θڡ˵±±ЩҲʳ
ΤȳļȲˣǿܵ˴ҵĻӭղģȳʱߺܿͼ˵ףϡȱ⣬ûʲô˶ꡣ
³Ҽֵܲ˭Ҳû˵ʲôǺгĳ緹;ѾհҲҪԷȥӡ
ΤϵͲԾͣϡ
ڴһƣȴǻָıҪãС̰һ߾ڸǲסϴ׹İȹÿһ˵Ŀ⣬ΤƲƲ죬̲סͷ˿Լġ
ȻݣȴûϸȥˮãȻҲûô顣ѾҲҪΤϻع񣬵ߺֽŮ˹ϸϸһãѾƤ㲻ûǸϵ
緹ǳˣ³ֵҪɽȥ档ﱾҲȥֻǼʵ߲հҲֻۣա
³̫̫ȫ׼ãݸӣȥɣȥأͷϣҪѽ귢úø˵˵
³Խͷġ


48 ꣨£
Τǳ緹, ϻصԼԺӡ⵽磬ˡ
صԼҳһ߰ժһߵǸɩջ, ǡѼô, Ҽ϶Ŷǹ, Բȥ
һߴżһߵѼǲҲȷܺóԡ
ЦˣģվĸܴƱ˵, չһҺѧ˲ٲ, ȥ, ϶ŶЩ
Цİ
ûϵⶼˡ
ЦͦõģɫҲЩˡ
գգ, Ц˵, ϴνǸ, ץҩ, ˵û, Ҳҵɫ˲, ǲǣ
ǡ𸴣ȷ˲١
ϣǾͺãҰ͵, ĬĬĵ, ſܻܲһ
϶У
Ժ˵Ц, Ѽ, ʵ޻, ŽɰͲù, Ĺ, ׼ˡ
ɱõлҪÿñ֤ԣкûֱӵȥ巭ʱ飬ѡβϹ̵ͣÿҲܶ͡
һ߿ţզԼѧһС
ҪǴ㣬ÿҲ𣬶򲻵ģ֮ǰ۽źİ÷ʣЩ÷֭ҲܵƳζǴ֭
ÿ궼ó㣬ͽࡣ
Ѽڶˣ￪ʼ׼زˣյʱ߲࣬׼дģˡ۲ˡˡ񣬻ѿˣÿһ߲ѡʵ⿷
ѿһĴײˣȡͨİײ˻Ҫ쳣ζҲҪֻ峴ø󣬾ζ
ڴѿˣ³ԽǼ˶ˡ
䰡ɽϵѩϺˣһݣֱ֡
³̫̫Ժأ̽ͷզ·߲
³Խ³Ҳ˽³ģЩǱ
ɽϵѩ·ߣܻˤ˼¡³ɵ
һ˵Сˤˣ̫̫ۻˣû˰ɣˤĶأҪ
³ӣûͻӣҪ
³̫̫ɽ䣬Ǽȡȡů
³ɺ³㶼ڻ¯ϣֻ³Խȥ˳϶ϱ³̫̫Ѿֲˡ
ڳѾ׼±˶ˣ³Խ߹Ц̧ͷʣˣ˳𣿡
³Խһ߰˲һߵ˳ķͷѩҶɨˡ
ǾͺãʱҲˣ׼ɡ
Żƻ轫³ʽ극Ҫʼˣ³ԽһŴԲȫΧ棬һ̿ůܰ
ΤϱŴѾҲˣհʹѾϵãڿѽѽţƺ׽Ҫԡ³
ֵܣߵſڣ׼ȼ극̡
žģɫСԺ
Цſʼ˲ˣΤҲ߹æ
˸ˣ貤ˡѿˮӡ±ţ⡢צѼơ⵰һըסϲЩ¾Ʋˣ³Խһ̳³һͲſˣܣûɶɶ˼
³Խ绹Ҫȥ棬ϲããͱƴˡ
³Ĩ˰εЦ
Ѿ˾Ʊײͻȭڳ׼Ȳˡ
Ѽϣ˾ƶԵȲˣʱֳֻ
ǶѵһζҪ磬ϵĶᱻһգ򲻵ֻɽȥڣȴҲ紺ôҡ
նʡ࣬һ΢һ·ˣ˶һ塣п飬Ҫõɷζ¹󿪡
ͣͺͻãԳнζºͶ꣬¶ζһ׸ɰļģһãգһֱ֭Ũÿһ˽֭ջ
Ȳ˻ж⡢ѿˡ峴ݫձⶹ峴СײˡţＹ޷˿һļƴƵļǼȲˣڷ˾Ʊ
³ѾȵЩͷˣһӣõԽˣž㣡
Ű˱Ѽ𼱣Ӳ˻ûء
ɶӲˣ˶ϿȥһֻѼӳǰǩһֻѼ⾫İ˱ð¶˳˾һȸ̫̫ʢһ룺ȳԣ˰˱ϣ˳ġ
³̫̫Цúúãϱףã϶Ǻø
һ˲³ԽĿһۡ
극ԱǶٳԵĺˣ˵ЦӾûϹŹڷʫ˵³Ҳ˻⣬˺ȾƶԶӣ³ɺͶһ⡣
հʹѾڿϿЦΤϵעһֱŮϣȥǸȰĸס³̫̫οĵ˵ͷ˵˼ңٹ껹һҲԲġ
󣬴ͳҪ꣬³̫̫ǰסˡŮҪ˯ظԺѷʰҪϵĽӡ
³ԽڳЩǹģҲ֮ǰ۽ź˳һԾͰˡ
ź治ɵĿڸУûô壬ǰھһιźǸӴ
ЦźŴףһ
ϲ治
ϲʹһЩȥĲ࣬ҪȶȥɷۣҲ
Ͽ³Խɻܸɣɽºӣɶܸһ
¯ߣ˵ģһЦ³Խ߾ͱˡ
Ҳǡ
³Խлȡ

ʱҸ
Ҫʼˣﱧհ˳ȥ
ѾСΤվں棬ԭҲҪסӵĶ䣬ȴû뵽հ̻˭ˣѽѽЦͣҪȥĻ³ԽҲˣɴ౧Ӿٸ߸ߵģվһЦ
̻ȻȲϾô貣ɸ¥٣عϡҰĵЦ쳹䡣
һ̻ըʱ³Խһۡ
ϱ
³Խ
ţ
³Խֻ˿̵ģڣһǸꡣ
ţһǸͷġ

һȫһ˶ٽӡ
󣬶ŹҪϻˮˡ
˾˾ĸ죿
ЦŵˣҲҪûȥտ
ãҵȳȥǡЦŵ
³Խ͵ˣֻû³ԽͻȥڳǽţŻȥˡ
һ˳Զţ³ԽҲûƴǡȥ·ϣֿٽֽǳӣ³Խ
ﱧŶڿ𣬼Цûʲô˰ɣ
ûУһţš
³һʲôûҲʶģ
³Խϸ룬ҡͷҲ֪ûС
һ͵͵
³ԽҲЬ˿ѵõϾʱ䣬ʼһſŵĸӣճǳһһѿڣӻƳγεģһ㡣
³ԽһʮԵҡͷҪ˲ҪˣⶫóŶӡ
³ԽЦ˵ǰûԵʱͰӵԣôҲԹ
ﾪȼˣ㻹ӣ
ţСʱִ̣ûûҹĸɻȴ׬Ǯֻܸ͢ס
µ飬սÿһսʱֻܴƱҺڣҲǺƽǸܻӭְҵ
ĬˣƬ̺Ȼڣɡ
ţ
һӰɣ
³ԽЦˣôˣŵˣ
ǣ˵ʱ˵ˣںǱߣٽֵһСӳۣȻСǺǽǵıؾ֮·˶࣬￪ӣ
³ԽЩĿ뿪ӣʲô
Щ˼˵ЦңҾЩġЩģ𣿡
³ԽԼϱûЦҲʼ˼
²С
һΪ³Խͬ⣬һ˲ʧ˭³ԽͿڵ
ǱߵӶרһɫģҪģǾǵӣҪϣǾǽӣ򲻳
･ԭ³Խڽô⣺ǡô졭
³Խ룺Ҫϲ
ֱӿݰɣĺͽ϶ܴ
סˡ
ݡ
û
𡭡ﲻͬİɡ
ݣζûʱչհũҸˣܳȥͷ¶ġʵ˵ũҸˣǳģҲټ
ǰ꿪ʼ͢Ѿȷ涨˿ɾ̡
³ԽЦˣּˣܲš
⻰˵ĲĬˡ
³ԽĵĴ£ЦǴģҶͬ⣬ע
עʲô
³ԽĶߣЦ˵˾仰۵С˲˸ͨ죬
֣³Խʶľ֪ҪʲôһסȭЦŷһڣ

³ԽȥȥˣڷЩֻͨհɢע
û³Խˡ
˽ŵɫ࣬ľһ룺զ˵У
Ҳ֮СѸٵ̬Ҳû
˵㾡ȥӣñˡ
³Խ˲һɨգЦŵ
סζûлع
ͬˣ
³ԽȻأϹĲɡ
﷽Ű˫˲𣺡ģ
С³ԽҲģ˵հ԰æ˶ʱι̣඼ġ
ˣ³Խô˵ЩˣհôС벻ʱ򣬿
³ԽֻҪһ֪뷨Цŵݲô׵飬һʼ˵ûˣ㻹дѵʱģңҴҪˡ
ˣû⣬ֻΪʲôҪˡ
³ԽȻ̫ۣҪ̫ۣҾͲͬ⿪ˡ
ˣůůģһ£ǳһˮʱ򿴿ɣҲģֻǽ˵ˣûô֪Ҫǵ黹кܶࡣ
ţá³Խ֣ͷҧ䣬Ӯ˱˶ע
ոջ³Խ׵ֵһۣ
³ԽֻЦϵӣӡ
-
һţͿʼݣ˳Ҳȥ
æһ죬ΤҲЩˡ
³ɽύ˲ѣ⵽ظǰŵ˻ͦ࣬Τдһ졣³ϻͦˣΪΤϷ˾ʹЦ뿴ȥûôɥҲӡ
ҹĻ٣³ϴȥ˯ˣΤС˿
ɡ
ţ
Τϣͳˡһ𣿡
³ԭѾ⣬ȴһ顣ۣüͷΤϣң㻹ȥǸ
³࣬ΤЩί
ҲܲѽѾüûˣѾڶˣҲܲȥүɣңǼҼһ𡭡˵ˣҶǰ˴ţ˵ﲡˡҡ
³ֱӴѾûǣѾʱ˭չӵģ֮ǰ£Ҷˡ
ΤίĲ˵³ɻعѹ˵զתһǵ¡
ΤǿЦЦӦ𣿡
³ɲ˵
ΤѧˣҲҲֻǲסôѾ˵£ϣ³ɿڡ³ɱʻǸӲˣΤ˰죬˸ͷҪȥȥҲȥȥ˵ĻҪ˵ң㰮ȥԼȥ
Τ۾һѾԤˣֻҪɿȥͳɣһͲһ
Ͻ㶫ȥΤϸ˵ĵ³ɳĬţûˡ
գ³ԽҲҪһˮˣŵʱŴѾΤϡ
һ㶣˾䣺ɩȥ
ΤεЦЦš
ŮôණҲ֪ȥģ³̫̫ʱԺ˳˿ԺĴӣ³ɴװϹװ͵˼Ҽ飬³ԽȻ˵ʲôҲûܣԼҵţ
³̫̫ߺ󣬲źһ䣺ɣ
³ɲ˰죬ȥˡ
ҪôϱңҪôͺһأ˵Ӹ˭һ˴СĻŴѾһӶģĴ󣡡
³üȥ֣Һһȥܺ͵Ҫģһ˻Ҫ˵ңҾʵҲû
³̫̫ŭЦ㣬Ҳվӣͻʵ۱ȣɺûôСۣ˵ڷ˼ңԼļܲãָ˭ܣ
³ɻûͷҵô
ϱȥҹǸţŮտƽǣ
³۾һ
³̫̫ɸֵҡҡͷ˶˵Ķӻ򶴡ⶼһģôô󡭡
-
³Խţϣ̾ĿһûȥˣԴӻհ䲻㣬Ϥ·ҲЩİ
³ԽЦ·ЩһɽԽԽˣû֣
ˣЩˡ
ǣȥҸժĵطڣһˣٸժһѡ
ЦˣҲȥʱ³ԽժһСƻʵͦġ˵һȥ˼죬ȿή˲ӵ
·ϵ滹˲Ϥףÿ˶ܾȣˣ
Ӵѹֺþòˡ
޿װֺġ
￴ϤǣҲЦһһкţɽ·ϻǰ
Уǰ棬͵˶żҵ


49 
⻹һżҵ, ޽ʱհûرհƼˡ
հ, ˷ֱܵ, ѽѽ, ٺ㡣
Ҳ˵ĸָţԣѽ
³ԽתһȦͶŹ½˲
ˮʱ³Խ׼ݵ˵ˡһ, ĴȣҾ˵, , ȥݼֱ˷ˣɶʱ򿪣
Цֻ˵һ죬û, ҲһҪˡ
ϣѽ, 㿪ݾԴ׬ԥɶ
³Խʱ̫, ֵƲ˾, 󲿷ֵʱ, ˳ĶС
ŹµҲŶ, ﻹܳóչհǶ⡣
ҲЦǲ֪ܲ뵽ʵġ
ңе, ˵Ҫǿ˷, ǵҲԺķݺ𣿶ûУ
³Խ, ЦЦȻ, Ҳҵ˼
ɣƣҿ, ͸Ͻȥ, ҪҰæĻʱ˵һ
ǾͶлĸˡ
³Խˮ˷, ֮ǰЦŸժһӵɽˮˮˣ紺һЩ߲˶ȾҪʡţˮ뿪һʱ󣬾͵˾
³Խ·ֱﵽ˺š
³ڵĽʵǺܰǽӽźԾͶ³Խţ˩һ̶ĵطǰ·ӵ£ų͹ȥ
ϻؿţֻԶԶƳһۣ֮žǴ粽Сų̷̯ŵĲ٣ΪҶæ׬Ǯߺ˷·߻вٿСˣרŸ˼ҵĽӿ·
ȺУ³Խס֡
ȺڵǱؾĲн֡·ȫǰ̯ӵСġġӵġˮģǰŮŮĶŶӣ˵Ц
ע⵽һˮӣӲҲǸСӣɫϺӰǰ档СԲԲˮѩ֭ȵȣһЩСӺŮĻӭ
ǰ͵һųۻ޵ӡ
ٽ룬һ۾ͿˡھӵĽСһλСǿһֱڿӣЦкˡ
λҪȥЩںǻ𱬣ֻʣ¶⼸ˡ
˵ͷ³Խ³Խȥˡ
ٺӣ޵ĸߣᵣǳķգҴӶ¥ȥȴܽǺӵķ羰һţվںҲһܿߣҰá
Ӷͳһۣװ޵ĹӣܷӵĿռҲȽϴǲٻѴʰʰҲܿνʡʡʱ
ͦģתһȦͷ³Խ˿ıϸˣ˲֡ǽĺȣӵλáĸ
ȵȶϸһ˵ͷʲôۣ
СЦλãǱ̸
ӵļ۸̸ģ³Խ˶㣬Сϸĺ˵
λǿ⣿
³Խʣʲô۸Ƕ٣
ĻһڼٹᣬҪǽܶҲҪٰʮᡣĻǰ£һʮᣬҲˣȻ󣬵ضκðǳǵĶþţ׬⡣
³ԽĻû𣿡
СЦҲԴ̽һ£ʮ𲽼ۣʮỹΪ󼸼䣬ûˡ
³Խ˵ͷã֪ˡ
߳ҡҡͷЩ̫˰ɡ
˭֪һӻô³Ҹոմޣǿ϶òôġЩùģˣʵҿ̯ϣ̯Ҳͦõġ
³ԽҡͷӰɣȻȥһ¡
˵ͷ

˳³ߵʱ³ɺΤҲͬڳߡţϣΤüʵʲôʱҲţּҵʱţ˶ܣĺܲ㡣
³ɣǰţһֱڼڵҪָңҲᡣ
ΤĿһۣأ
³Цˣ㻹룬жٹɣ
ΤС죺жҿҲ᲻á
˵ɶ
ûɶΤֲˣң³ɵûݣһתһȦҲ֪ȥˡȻΤϻؼҲֻˡ
ûȥΤλȥʵҲҪǮġ
ɲʲôȱĳĴˣȥ֮ǰˣȿ̬ȣҪ̬ȺãһҲɣǷдáϾҲʮᣬڷּ޷һӶûˣҪǶ١ҪǵãǾͱˣڼҲ׬ǮǻдأҪǮҪ
û³˵ԼĴ㣬³ûݣȻҲ֪ΤĿԼɷҲͨˡѾʱôһ۶ûָͷΣޣ
ⲻһżңûһĶԼģǮʵڡڴɣΤֿһۣϾԼѡˣùȥֻ³˸ѾͷȻǾҪӣҲˡ
Τ̾ͷ˺Ѿ
ӽ³ңţȻˣ³Խ³ͬʱ³³Щ֣ܣô
³ԽЦŽ䣺ǿ˿հЩ
ΤҲŴѾȥˡ
ֵͬǮͬ޵ķôͻǮϽȥǽͰ͵ĹӣΤ㣬ܴ׬ǮôͲأ
ȵúúѰѰȥ
ȥ³Խȥ
﷿
˵ҪôǮ³̫̫Ҳ̾˿
ǰﲻˣզŪ
³Խ϶ңҴȥǮׯ֧ܲһ㡣
³̫̫һ̵ۣѺ
š
³̫̫ô
³Խţ˵ģиǵطҿˣȷ㽫λòУҲ
³̫̫룬ҲаɣӵԼ˵ʲôյȷãҾÿˡ
³ԽЦЦȥæˡ
š

򵥵˶ٸӺŻ֮;ӵˣ׼Ǯ˵
ڶһ磬³Խȳȥˡ
ûϣֻҪȥ̡
³Խȷȥ̣֪ȡʲôܿͳȥǮׯ
Ȼ󣬾ֱˡ
СһˣҲȥӵģ³Խһȥʡ
СЦҾ֪ģղҲǶԷޣ׼Ҷʵ˵ʵҶ⿪׬Ǯ
³Խô˵
СӴͱˣأʲôطǱؾ֮·̶ӽǾϾվǣǵһ²˭Ҷѽ
˵ˣòڳĶαһվɵɶ԰ɣʺˡ
³Խ˹ǰ;ҪˣٰҲ̫ˣɡ
Ӵ⡭
ǽ̣ҪȫͨĵģӵĳֻĸмŪЩڵûãΧҲҪӹ̣ˡҸǮ¡
СЦˣ涮УУʹ⣡룬ȥ׼ӡ¡
д˭֣
³Խ룺
СЦˣӡ
ڼ֪Լӵһ侩ˡ

³ԽӳѾ޷ģɫȴЦͭ壬һǺ«ȥţŲЩ
ɸոƹŸǰĹˡ
ԽԽ硣
³Խһʲô¶ˣ
ųģͷǰ¾Ͳˡ
ϡͷûˡ
³Խɫһû˵ʹ󲽺ͳߡ

ѽǵģúõˣô˵ûûˡ
ǿһӣǸģ˵߾ˡ
ַڶΧۣ³ԽϹȥƿȺôˣʲôˣ
³Խˣ죬ͷˣոջúõģȻؿڵˡ
³ԽȥڵϣҲܿãϽã
Ҳ֪˭ô³ԽϽˣǴȥֻһۣҡҡͷˡ
³ԽæʣΪɶ
ǴΪɶӴͷһֱʹëôҩҲãҲ֪ô˵Ķӡ
ǣˣͷΪ˶׬ЩǮûûҹɱ⣬˰ɡ֪ھ̲ס
³ԽüǴļ򣺡ٺ°ɡ
䣬ʧյˣܾҵĶӣһԼ͹Ǻѽѽզ˵߾˰
Χ۵˺Ȼ˻ӣ˻̲ס켸䣺ʱ֪ܹˣɶȥˣС
ҵĵ˭ĸӹҽ㺦İ⻰䣬ԱߵĴɫͱһ£⻰ҾͲ˰ʲô˼ʹ㲻֪𣿣
ٺ˵˵ҵ֪ܲһֱأʲôʹֻҵƽʱĳһЩʲôҩ˵ǲĲҩҵ
³ԽüͷΧҲʼָָ㣬˶ˣܣ׼ء
㡭Ǵָһ˵֣Ļ˵ȫˣôҰ࣡ߵĶҲٸϿʺӣˣҴˣ
ܻǲĵģҲţ϶㣡ȥٸˣҪ٣ҵһع
˿ȥˣ㻹Ͻܣϣ˵ûˣ
³ԽҲȥˣʱǰסܣȷʹûѣ㲻ҪΪ˼ҡ
ܿ³ԽһӵĹ𣺡ҲڣãҵƽʱϲˣиʲôСµĶ㣬ôؼʱ˾Ͳˣ!ҵˣҲһΣ
Ⱥ˺Ц˼³ԽҲﰡ⻰Լ˼˼³ԽͷҿͲ̫ģ̫İָͰԼȥˡ˵ǰɣ
ǰ˵еƤе˻ҪأǼʶˡ
³ԽҲգֻǵĿһۣʬδ飬ô˼Ұɡ
ܴ𣺡ûǮ˭ҵ˭ãǺã
Ǵ򣺡ޣûô޳ܵˣб¾ͽйٸץңҲŲأ˵꣬ˡ
ֻʣ³Խܻ֣һ³ԽǮͲµ˼³Խ̾ӣǿЩҲûҪˡ
ʲô˼ۡ
ҳǮᣬǰϣǰĹߣٰ졣³Խ˵꣬ƺ˵ʲôԽ硪
³Խ˰֣û˵ˡ۾һת£ԼĵԼᣬǮˣ
̲סˣӣҲ֪ʲô⣬ԽҪǮȻȥĳǰɣһͦõģ治֪ʲô
ǡ
³ԽҲޱĿǮûУǰ¶Ҹ𣬶ˣ㻹ҪӵĻ͸Ͻ֣Ͼûģ㲻뿴ǼӣԺûŰɡ
⻰˵ܵĿϣͱˣӿҡǮǧûˡ
ǣ˺˿ڹײģ˰ýȥˡ
ɥµ׼Ҫ죬³ԽóϽȥ˰æ߳ӣ⣺Խ磬Ӧȡ֣Уӿɲܸ֪ˣҪˡ
³ԽЦЦİɣаš
˵ͷû˵ʲô³Խͷܣתƣһ˵ˣǿһҡǮ
³ԽԼ㣬ʲôã̰ˣ綼ġ
³Խſյȥ¶˵ˡ
˵ûˣζûлعƺѽܡ
⡭ö˶˵ˣô˵ûûˡ
ǰÿϽ֣ܿǰˣЦŸһһ⣬˵ˣҲ̲סѹ
³Խ§סļοһ£ߵĺܿ죬ûʲôʹ࣬ȥĺϸ˵
Сȥæɣõļ
ţȥҲкȥ
³̫̫˵֮Ҳʮֵ꣬˵³Խúòٰ˵ĺ£Ҳ˵ͷ
ɣӵ¡
³Խ£Цſ۴⣺ˣʱ֪˵
³ֲ̫̫ǴֻͣϻǮǮͷٰأ
У֮ǰһǮʮ⣬Ҳ࣬Ϊ󲿷ֶ޶ˡ
ȥɣ
³Խ˵ͷֳȥˡ

һȥҹŻˡ
һֱڼеȣ³Խʱƣɫ
æӭˣۻ˰ɡ
³Խѵ£¯ŵķ˶˳
˰ɣȳԵ档
³Խ˵ͷȷЩˡ
հأ˯ˣ
˯ˣҵ㣬ŵ
³Խˡ
ٺ𣿡
³Խͷˣ֧ˣң飬ҾȻˡ
˿ã˸飬һţҪ¶Ըûˡ
ᡣ
³Խһڷ
ҪȻ湦ҪģǴ峤϶᲻ܡ
һҲˡ컹ȥ𣿡
³ԽҡҡͷиҪ¡
ʣʲô£
³Խ˿¶˵ˣۡ
ұţ
쵫һ˿ķ֮⣬ҾͰ˵ˣǵûУŶǮҰӸΪ˶ס죬ܽܿûˡѪҲǰҴӦ顣
ô˵廹иءѽ
˴ĺ棬ɽ˵˾˵òԶ
ʣжͷ
³ԽûȥҲ֪˵ʮͷٲ˵ģЩһˣѾˣֻǴ϶С֣һֻĸͷ
ۣԡЩѹ׵Ķ
³ԽǣֵǮûԴֻȥгõġ
ˣЦŵû뵽˻ͦġ
³ԽҲЦЦȥһɣپ㽫ݣҲҪбֺõ⡣
͵̧ͷݣ˵¶
³Խʲôʱ˵ˣ
ǡǡ
³ԽЦҽѾȥӣܿʼװˡ㣬һʮҲպã϶һģʮỹ׬𣿶һ̣ⷿ⣬͵𡣡
ﾪˣ㡢Ѿˣʲôʱô
³ԽѾ극ˣ׼ʰ꣬ЦҪ˵˾ͲǾϲˣˣ쿪ʼˣģҪˡ
ֱôҲţ쿴³ԽͶˣ⽲ľǿ죬ηηŵģ˵ˡ
Ǽӣȷǿˡ¥ˮɵİ䣬ŸǾͺܲԿ羰շҲԸһЩ
ţǾ͹
³ԽϴطͿˣﴽЦЦ߹ȥˣԺƹеʱ㡣
ǲеģҵȻٰŰź濪ҵ飬˵£¿ҵɣ
š³Խߵ˵󣺡ʮȺ־ͻǵԺβһ꣬ȥװȥ£ôҲ깤ˡ
ˣǾͺá߲˶࣬š
׼̸һ̸δĹ滮˭֪˴ֺȻͲʵۡ
·ҵС飬ɤ˻Ƶ˵˾䣺
һ죬͵ذһơ
ʲôʱˣû£


50 촳
峿, ³Խһˡ
緹ûü³ԽڽҽȥǱߣְհȥˡ
, ͻεĵ
ѽæǵ, ЩҲ, ȥϴǱ߳Ҳһġ³̫̫ӵ
³ԽˣΤˮ˺Ҳͦɻһ, ôͶһˡ
³ߣϹҪٵ, ȳԡ
Τһ, תطˡ
˴ڻûϽ, κ, ĶȫҲǾƷ, ѾʱЩû, Ѿϲˡ
ΤϾϲĶɴõȥû, Ȼȥ¥ûµĺÿʽ
Թ緹, ΤϾ׼ˡ
ͬʱ³ԽҲӡӵԿѾ³ԽѾʱȥ
򿪴, һĴ󿪼, ߺ͹νӴһ, ǰ̨, Ƚȥ, ӵĺԺ, һССԺǬ, ䷿ӣһһ䴢﷿ԺﻹиС̳Сʯֻû˴ԵЩġ
¥ûһ¥󣬵ǿ䣬ÿ䴰ܿǺӵذɰᣬӦǺܻӭġ
ϸϸתһȦôôˣ³ԽϲҲﴽſڻԴӣһЩĶ
ЦãҿҪúоһ£ſڵҲǵ̵ˡˣʲôѽҪҪܰ롣
³Խӣһ㲻ϲ
ôᣬʲôѽ
μСݡ
һμ𡭡ԭá³ϡš
ţӣȻҪġ
򴽡
ϲ³Խʡ
Ųǡ
С˼³Խһͷİɣﲻ˵ʲôġ
ʵμҲ̫ͨˣһģ֡
ʲô
ûãȥɣ
³ԽЦС
³Խĸطĳߴȫü¼׼ȥ滮ʱѾʱŸҲǳ壬ϵѾ൱ĶˣЩԭڴʮŵҲ¿ţΤϸոմӵ̳̾˿
ͷ˴ΣһЩϽθͲֵǮˡҾģҲֵЩӷ˵Ǵһ²ӣǵϰļ۸̫ͣΤϲԸ֡
׼ȥ¥˼һ᲻գһ̧ۣͿ³Խ
˵Цոմһ˳Τһ㶣Ȼӵơյģ
ܺȥһӸʲôϻЦ
ΤϺɣߵΧתһȦǿյģûʲôˣ»ûףƲƲ
죬Ȼˡ
³ԽȻûģ˸ţܿ뿪˾
ȥ˴壿
³ԽһС·죬Ӧʱһأֻ·á
ûѽݳȵġЦŵ漴ţ
³Խ׼ϳǰֿ·۽ģɷ˵Ĺȥһݸ·ϳԡ
ûסֻЦŽӹһû۽źóԣʱҪ۽źҲ
ġ³Խһ߼ݳһЦ˵
˴廹ˮ棬·ȷߣһ·е³Խһ·չߵЩòףҵԶŵһζ³ԽЦŵǲţû취´ͱˡ
ҡͷûµģ߰ɣȥ
³ԽտһֻƹĽﱻһ³ԽʶľͰһȻ󣬾߳һͷƹˡ
˭
³Խﵲ󣬵ɣ³Խ
ͷ⣬һ⻰۾ˣԭ³Խҵþˣ
ͷϵֻȽҲемס˴ɽһֱСĿˡ

ڰ֣Ѿ֪ˣѾ˵ˣ֮ǰͺ˵Ժ󽻸㣬ڵ㣬ɡ
³Խ峯ߣһߣҲһ߽ߵ˽Ĳˡ
帺ͷҵˣһʮͷָźȦʱӦʮͷɱʮͷģʣͷĸ֣඼Сˡ
ȦһֻȦСڻ³ԽȻûǿŵ
⼸ͷʳǱ߼ͷԲôֿ
̾û취ûڣȽŲУæ˶˲ܾ˵иҪ֣ͷǸ˰
³ԽתһȦѾĲˡԳ˼Ƭ̣壬⻹ǵûʱˣɣҽһæճ£ʱһΣʳԺҲĻ
һͷðû⣬˸ҷġ
³Խ˵ãʹˡ
ʵô
³ԽЦģģڲֻܽܽдһȦҲá
һޣȻĻҲһΡ
³Խţȥͳ˵Ҵɡ
Ǹǰɡ
ԣܳԿ࣬ҲףҲ˸ӣҲȽϽšʱҸݹǮҲġ
Цţá
-
һ磬ؼҵʱѾδʱˣﶼ극հ˯ˣСŵĹš
ֻΤԺƼˡôŻֹ
³Խط򵥵ĳ˵ڼʰ³Խֳˡ컹ҪȥңȻȥ̣һº顣
ǰԺѧϰڳ׼緹ûůʮ˴꣬ŸɽˡҪ׼Ҫɵľ͵ö࣬Ѿûʣʲôˡ
ţȻš
á
һȻΤϡȻΤϵĵЩ⣬ǲ˲֣Ͻ˳ȥ
ΤϼϹЦֵΣûˣܲܽһ㣿
һûȥȡɩȽ
Τ߽Ժ߽û߶ֻ¿˿˵ҹҲˣֻǺϣɶҲ⻹һΰԺӣһ̲סˡ
Ϊʲôֵͬ޷ӣϵǮҲ࣬޳ĶܲôأǼҵԺֻǴͳũש߷ٿ˼ҵģи¥ͻ̳ܻܸԺֲˣ
Τϻ׼ϸˣɩ
ΤЦŽӹл˰
Ȼûȥ뷨ΤϵȻҲ˼ŸλԼԺӣȻ;òôˣҲûа취̾Ǿ׬ǮǮҪ
-
ת۾͵ʮ塣
Ԫڵ죬ǰҡԪ緹ʱˡװԲԲԪ֥顢һЩϣһҧȥ۵¶˱Ŀһߺ̣һʵĶȴͣԪͷһٳӡ
ʮҲˣʮһ磬ǰ޷ĹǱֵˡ
Խã
ɩӺã
ЦкҽԹ𣿡
Թˣɩæ
ǶԱ˲ģ
ЦУٳԡ
ҿʼȻĸɻߵ³Խߣ˽֣Щûˡ
³ԽͷУҪ㲻
ãǽڣ㻹Ҫʲô𣿡
³Խҡͷãȥᡣ
˵ͷϿͳȥˡϣﻹ벹Ͳˣӽ쿪ʼҪ޷ҪװӣԷ˾ͱĶˡ
ȥ֮ǰļҵ꣬Ȼߵƽȥ̡ӵţֻǰĬĬĿ˻ᣬǰһˣںǷ죬ǰʱʱɹֻӬǸ˾Ӳͷš
֪ǲҵϱĬĬĿһ˶ͬ飬ȥһ̣ҲСϱͷĻ
嶼˵ܸǸӣϵĻԴûաһһǰⶼ֪˶ˣȻ
ĬĬ˼䣬ǮЩ󣬾תˡؼҺ
С¸³Խ³ԽЦЦͷ֮е¡
ǺڻûӦһ֪㡭᲻ᡭ
ĵģ³Խ˵İɣ뵽ˣ֮˵
˵ƶҲûٵˡ
ʲô³ԽͷСӣѾװˡ
ʵĲ˹Щһ촡
촣
Цһˣ֪ˡ
³ԽЩֻ֪ϱķóԵġ
ʱڵĲ˹ϸͷȽСʤִִ΢΢𣬶԰пڵȿù̵ˮѸˮȻһ裬Σɱһɱ˹ϵˮ֡
Ҫ˶Ĳ˹ϱҲСˮٰѲ˹ȡľϣͨɹ졣׼ǰڵ׼ȥæ緹ˡ
֮뽴Գµ׾Ҫٶȥѧˣ֮ͬԷ·Ҳڱ档
緹ﳴһ˿һᶹǳĭдѿ⣬ʳһͷæһ磬ﺰԺӵ׼緹
ЩһѷĶӿ˳Ц˵ӳʮʼҾˣͷһôϹΪľɩӵڷ
ǳϢ
гϢгϢһ
ǲܣһһ룬Ŷӵģ㿿վȥ
ЦŰѷ˶˳أеĳԣò
ЦŶл
³ԽʱҲϴ˹ǰɣץɣȡʮ깤ȻȥǱ߼ɡ
ɶˣںţ˲֪￪ݵ£³Խýᣬݵ˵ˡ
й㶣漴һ˷ܺ԰ɩҪˣ
գ׬Ⱑ
ô˵ԺͿԾԵɩķˣð
ЦԺҪ̸λ֧ء
ɩǿԽչ˻
Ժ˵ЦģΤϴ߳һۣɶϡ
ɣ޷ӵҲˣղŴӶſ·ʲôΤʣǾ͵Ǳ߸ղź˵ʲôˡ
ɶΤϾеҪˡ
ݣҪˣ
޲̾ͳ嵽Ǳȥһ죬ת侲־Լô嶯ȥʲǻ£ΤϻطתȦ뵽һӡϽİװһЩȥ̫̫Ժ³̫̫ڳ緹ΤЦ˽ȥ
ءҸ͵㶫
³̫̫ںϡ̧ͷɶ
ǣġΤЦŰѰǷϣ³̫̫ţ;Щϻֿʼʹˡ
ϱˡ³̫̫̣
ˡ
ΤЦӦõ
ϱһվһţ˭Ҳû˵ڶǱߵЦִ˹ΤǱ߿ְ֪Цʲôء
³̫̫ζĿһۣҪˣӵװɡ
ʲôҪˣΤۣװһ֪¡
³̫̫ЦЦǰæԺӵҪȥװˣǰӵ鶨ġ
ԭΤЦǣǿպãһܴ׬ġֻǶܲصҲģҺ磬ڻ֪ء
³̫̫úЦҲǲ֪Ҳ֪¶Ĵææ˵ϡ
Τϣ˵ǡҿ벻Щ
³̫̫ˡȥæɣϱ˵㣬ԼҵϣҲܹõġ
Τϳ˸ЦȻˡ
صңмƲƲ죺ʲôҿ϶ǹ˺ԼҵˣΪϲ𣿡
Τô˵ţǵ³ɻʱǵһʱͰ¶Լˡ
ɽæһ죬ڿЬ䲻Τ˵¶϶Ҳһ٣˭˵ģ
Τϼæһõ˭˵Ƕ־û˵Ǹ귿Ӿȥװȥ˵Ǽ귿֮ûǮˣĻģ
ɳĬƬ̣˳İɣ¶ǹܲš˵ˣõգҲɶ
Ҳû˵ʲôѽҾǾðɣۼǲҲҪЩӣȥǵ¶˷ӣۼҿɾĲʣʲôˡΤЩĶĿ³ɡ
³̲סЦˣ㣿Ҳ뿪ݣ
Τһ㿴ˣ
ǣ˼˵ɶ˸ɶ£û˼Ǳ£ңʱҲǳԲյĿࡣ
ΤϷ˸ۣ˭˵ҪˣʮУͷ׬Ǯ𣿣˵ǿô
ɶ
԰ĺðԭǼЩ͹ˮǵܶء
³ЦҡͷҪ˵㰡ô಻ʵʵ뷨вУ˭ҼһֻҲ˼óҫ֪Ҫģæù𣿸֮˯ˡ
Τϻ˵³Ѿ±ۡ
˸ۣлĲǶżһܿʼأôͲУ
Τƣȥ˰죬һΣȫǼֱû˯ãڶһࡣ

ǮͣϷ˿ɿڣ³ԽĹһһиɾԭҵĹ߰ҲͽˣҪʼæӵˡ
ǰһ죬³ԽŽʽ֪˴ɺɡ
³Цװ֪ϲ˰졣ǷĵĸˣҪȥɩæ³
ɵߺ˾ӵļ۸
ǱߵӼ۸񲻷ƣ⻹˰
³Խԥһ£ʱ⣬Ǻ̡
³ɵ˵ͷǣӿ϶ģǲׯȻںŸǰȴҲòԶʱҪҪæĻʱҾС
ãлл硣
ӿʼװޣűϵЩҲȫѾˣԺһģװ޵һ죬Χ˻ЦŹк
һҾ̣ƹҲǸСӣţýͦã³Խ˵˺üΡбһרձģ˵ǼҵձǾģƹһֻձձʲôͷӶЩסڳŵˣרҪŶǼҵձӦǼҵĵҷֵꡣϣӡҩӡӣֵҲӦоУĿˡ
ﻹ˵ݵϢųȥ󣬾ԭҲ׼ݵ˳ˣ³ԽΪʲô³ԽЦŽͣееĲֱ澺ͷˣǺŶ滹һӣûҪⶫߵһţĵλõģûϣȻ͵Ѱضˡ
꣬Ҳ̲סҡû⣬֪ѡַһ˵ǶôҪ΢ԥôһνĻƽضΣܾûˡ
ԽԽ³Խӵľ̫ˣ˻һЦ¶ҹҲûֱˡ

Բݡ
󶨵֣ϹȡһҺԲ˼
֮Цȥܶк³˼³Цɩֺܺãмҳĸо·Ҳȥġ
ܸˣ³֣ȥҶ³̫̫Ҳĵ˵ͷ
ֿӣҵӾͶ³Ƚһ죬ۿϵ£･ʼѹˡ
ҪһΪϾҪˡ
ǰƵĹѾԿ̳Ʋӣˮ֮Ĳ˹־ɹѾʮֵĴˬǰ׼õĶƤ㡢۵ȫɷĩ潴ʹװȳɺ״پȵͿĨڲ˹ϵı棬ֱӷ̳ơ
ңͿԿ̳
ԭ̵Ĳ˹ѾɫһζõĹгСһܺкõļ¹ȥ
촳ڵҰ촣˵˼˵ʱҪӣӽûӣҲֻмļֱóķӳǶҪģͬжˮ
н¹֮ܿһζȻкõĹҲȥһ׶֮ǰ췬һζ
ļ촹Ž촵Ŀڸбܲݲ˸ҪḻʻظʣõǼ⣬۲񣬳һǴ䷹඼ζޱȡһĲܱ࣬һЩԼҷ̵
͵ȿҵ֮ǰ
Ҷһƿӣ³̫̫֮޲ڣ³̫̫˵ֻȰ࣬·˶Цˡ
³Ҫȥٳȥѧˣ촣ֵľ飬һ³װ˺Щ³ԽԼųٴȥβ֮ͬǰ·ݵʱ򣬾ҪС鼸꣬ɰڴһ٣ǰ³̫̫˺Щ³ȫЦһһӦ¡
ȵѧǰ³Խָܵһɰ³һʹãɩѾ׼ô࣬λܽܶġ
³ԽֱɰϣŰɣԵõģһиţ³ңҲһˡ
³޸жپܾĺ⡣
³ԽĿѧãżţظϡ
ʱ仹磬ȥһ˴壬Щ̡
³ʮͽǱߵĻƣһҲʮˣ³ԽûûȥӾ˴壬Ҫʱ֮Ѿˡ
Խ磡þſڱݣϳ³ԽţԶЦŴк
³Խ˩ó
ʱԭȥء
³Խʲô𣿡
ǣЩҹ
߽Ѿԭȴһˡ
ԭõĵطȫɨ˸ɾȦҲȫһ飬ӣζҲ˺ܶࡣСʹֿǼͷ˰СеʳۣԵǻ졣
³ԽһȦ
ͷԭǴһȦȫˣڹڼ빤ѣҲ鷳ҪҲ֪Խ̶Ҳ֪޼ˡ
³ԽĬһʣǼͷĸ㿴ûУ
ĸˣ˵ˣ귢ڻûء
³Խһ£ȵˣȥ԰ɣҿһҲСʲá
ɲԽ磬Ⱑͦģ棬أ
³ԽûʱˣҪҲõϱѷݿ˵ʱ֪֪Ҫ֣ȵȰɡ
ˣҶ˸磬ǻ˵ʱ־ݵİɣҲǿ˵ƾ ҵٸȥҲ
³ԽһҲֲ֣ĻƣȰ³װƽٴޣ̶
ϸ磡ף
ˣɽζùɡ
Щ˼ǿ϶ǱȲϼźȿͷģɣ׬ǮǲеģԽ㣬ܸˡ
иᣬҪҪ³ԽȻ
һ㶣³Խ˵ϱҪںǱ߿ˣˣʵãԸԸ⡣
˰Σ֮͵صͷ϶ԸⰡԽ磬İ
ţ
Ӧȥµõ˼˵ǼҲһɣˣҲһÿ
ѽ磬ǼҺǼһǻ˵ˣǰһո̣϶У
³ԽЦˣҵϢ
Ӧ£³ԽתһȦ˵ţ뿪ˡ

ԴԺӵһ䣬³ԽСԺͳ׿ˡ
Ժ濴ȥԺٺӰ£ԺĻԺͲ˵ضʮ룬³Խĵʯ·һξһҲẦ´Ţ
ϴ࣬³ԽѵõĶ˯һԼˣŵľȥ緹
ֻûԺһˡ
ǣιſڵ˾һ䡣ԷʰĺǸɾһǸĸˡ
ɩӰɣ㣬㺰ҰСǳ³ԽﵱƵġ
һæԺŴ򿪽˽ȥ죬
³Խû뵽ǳôͺԼˣҵ³ĲǱˣǳϱҲܿԺС
кȲ裬³Խһ¾ͰѲ豭վ³Խ硣
³Խ˵ͷɵá
㣺Խ磬˵ˣҽ뵱˵УֻҪɩӲҿ϶ۺúøϣ
￴һ³Խƺѯʣ³ԽЦЦˣüģĸҲݵģ˵ҲҪˣʡ
Ȼ˽һ³ԽԹǰ˵ȴЦŵ˼ãû˵
ûû£ɩӣҽҲԵţæɶģ㿴ҪеĻҪҲУеĻҾûϵģ
⻰˵ʵϣ￴һ³ԽЦˣУԹ緹ûȳԵ㶫ɡ
òãҳԹˣɩҪ緹ǰɣæ
³ԽվԺУûȥˣ˷հѲ͵³̫̫ȥˣ˳Ҳ˵顣
³̫̫ղžˣѹ֣ϱǰǼҰɡ
š
ӡǸֽģǼѣ뵽ҲǺõġ
³Խ˵ͷȥæˡ
³̫̫ãֿʼˣܴơ
ãȥ

ϰߺֻ࣬ǰİӿˣֻܳԼһЦ֣ɩӣɣ
Ȼ˼Ҳ뿴գǾ͸˵
֮Ϊˮ۶࣬ΰˮӽȽûиȻʼչȵĹͣһһתһȦ̯һԲõļŴлȵϣʼӣһһˣһͣһͷ˹ճҲûк

̯һĶֿһʹˡ
߰ű֮æãˣǼ˲࣬Щˡ
˶緹ͳ˳ĽϺϡʱԵůģЦҲ³ԵŰ֣ЩĿ
˼ЦЦûʲô⣬ӿҵʱæɡ


51 
ߺ, ³Խ
ҿܿģݶǲǶҪ
³Խͷ, ǼҾ, ǰִҲû׬Ǯߵ˶ҪҩѹȷʵǴ󡣡
ѹ, ϻҲҪ齻
³ԽҽҲȫΪȼһѣҪΪܺá
Ц֪, 㿴Ǻ׼ġ
³Խͷһ, Цͷ
緹, ³Խȥ, Ҫ˵оۿž뿪ҵһһĽ, , Ҳϰµġ
³Խÿ, ʣµİ, Ҫţȥ˴忴ӰǱĲȦһͷ˶ĸѾ䲻, ³Խŵ￪ҵʱɱˡ
׼Ÿ·, ȻһȺ, Χſڡ
³ԽҪȥģ
ǰ, ֻܻ, ż, ϻһӣֵ³ſڣ˲䣬ͽ³ԽΧסˡ
Ļƴ˿Ҳע⵽ߵżһ˳ֶڶָ³ԽһҪ³Խ԰㣬˽ĵľͰҵĶ˽ˣ㻹е˵𣿣
磬ϵˣһ֣ӿ˲ٿֵˡ
ܴ𣺡³˵ҵ˴һҵӾĵ˽ˣҵʲֵõˣҪ˴ֵܻ˵£һ治֪Ҫɶʱ򣡡
³Խܣڣöĳԡѧ˼ңԸҵġ
ƨ
ܴ𣬡˵˵ҵԼҼҲ͸һˣƨ
ȻЩѾʼ³Խˣ³ԽһǹȻûѾֱֱҵԱߵţϣֱӽǻˡ
̵ĻеıȥˣеˣһչһߵϰҵңҽԲ˶ߣ
³ԽֱܺõĶ࣬أͰܵסˡ
ҲֲҺƢ嵱ң־Ϊ֤ģ㲻ţԺһͬȥţ
ܵ³Խ۵໽У˵־ݣȻҲһ㶣ܿͷӦ˹ƭˣ־ݣУ϶Ҳҵƭҵдģ
³Խ̲ˣһŤ˾Ť黨һб˹ѼӲԱߵˣŸɶӴ򣡲Ҫ˭ҲûǮ
е˲ɶʼжһѷĺ³̵Ҳ٣һ˳ҲֵĹߣϿʼȺ
Χİȫŵòҿٰյ̯ҲܵӰ졣
ڸʲôס֣
ڣԶйٸ˸Ϲˡ
ٸȺڲס֣³ԽҲɿܡ
컯յģʲô֣
³Խû˵ܱʼװүҲˣǱİ㿴ˣ첲ҽָùүڣǸãҵĶҵǲǸùңһˣƾɶҵĶ
ǹٸ³Խʣɶˣ
ҵ
³ԽĿһۣڵүûκζǰҵģ־Ϊ֤³Խһ˵ţһ߽е־˳
һ־ݣ̾ǰ³ԽĶ֣³Խһ̧֣ܾ˽Ҳˡ
ٲӹ־ݣͷβһ飬ֿ˿ˣһţùүϰɣ
ܻ˵ʲô³ԽȴǶ˵ľ͸ȥҲЩ뿴յ֣Ҳͬȥ
-
æƲƷҵĵ죬һĵͣǵһѵĿˣ͡СҪס˵ģҪٵ˼С
ں淢棬ԺͷȻʹһ󺰽
³ӣˣ³Խˣ
һ٣ʹӳ˳ȥǸھӵţ֣ҸղϽˣһȺ˰ſڳŹӾʹҲ֪³Խû˰
һ⻰ɫͱˣģȺ˭
ţҵǶͽ˵ʲô³ԽʲôҪڱҵֵٸȥˣȥ𣿣
û˵ժΧȹ׼ܣͬʱ³̫̫Τ϶ˡ
Ҫ˵ʲô³̫̫һ֣˵ˣϽȥɣհȥ
˵ͷͳٸȥˡ
ΤҲƣ³̫̫߹ʵզˣ
³̫̫ҲأʵıʣæԼҵȥ
ΤĪıԼ˵һ٣Ƕˣ³̫̫ѾȥչˣΤϿԼڣҲûʲô£˵ԼǸæغţҲȥˡȥ·ϣ˸³ϲׯ˸ôпҲ
ܵŵʱſΧ˲ٿֵˣ߳˾Өĺ顣
һã鷳һá
ⲻҲյϢˣȥɣ˵泳òɿء
һиˣ̲ܲ˵ļȺǰʽõĵطסˡ
๫ҽȥＱ顣
صأκ˲׼ǰ
ֻܽƴǰ³Խ£һֱֺֿģҪүֹ
£֮ϲ
ֹܵĳ֣үϸϸĿ³Խ֤

˵־ͷױд֤ݣͷ񲢲ʶְ
³Խ֤ˣԱߵƹ񣬵ʱ־ݣǳ֣ǩֻѺͷˣӡ֤
ܣ֤ˣ˭֪ǲһģ
үӣ𣬱죡
˰֤ˣ
³Խ˿̵һ֤ˣ̺֣־ҪڳԵʱǶڡ
Ŷã֣һͬ
ȥ֤ˣʵϣҲϣ֣ƹ񵽵ʱΤҲɵſڣҲƴļȥ浽˵ʲô
Ƕˣۼͷ־ݣ
ΤϽȥʱѾʼˣƹ֣϶һۣԵعүǵġ
ܴ󺰣ܣ˵ѣ
˼ү죬ʱŲʣӲ£ھȫ֪ҪǮŷͷһڵĨᣬ´ҲȫĿá
ͷһѪȫǼϣϧٵ˻ǿڴտգеǮȫܼӵϣ³ԽշһŰѪ͸³Խ
ܴ󺰣һģһģǺҵ׷ǹʵģƾʲôǣ
֣̲ס˻ӣӻ˼˵ˣԶײڣڵʱĹǻЩھӣǼΪͷӳҩԵһֱãӼǣƽʱʲôⰡˮܸǵľ͸ǣǸõţôĻ˶ӣ
ֵҲʼ׷׵ͷʾͬϾҵĲТɢˣΤҲڴǰֻûͷ׸ɶˣ
ǹү˵ͷϣ־֤ˣ¼ٲˣУ˴³Խң
ţ顱һð
һ
̿ʼ󺿣ⲻƽƽҵĶҲͬ⣡
֮ǰʹ⣬һֵ֮ϣضҪвˣ˭֪ǹүЦײǴһҿ
˲ңȺҲʼȻЦ
ûǸģҪǸѰ˼̫Ҫ߳ˣ
ǣ
סܣܻǲָͣ³Խ³үиˣҲŹ㣬˴һȥ֣ÿùѪӿģҾÿǰ÷࣬һҿס

湻Ҫġ
Ⱥֿʼָָ㡣
³ԽʱĿһۣڵܣҲԿףģ㿴в
³Խ˵꣬ϺȻ˾Ҳ㶣㡢˵ɶ
򡣳ŹүҲڣһͬȥ֤ˣдͷСͷҰг۸㣬һʮᣬôӦңǮͺֹϵûˣҪ£Ҳᱨ١
Ǻһ£ʼۡ
ΤҲˡ
ɶ

Ҹ˶һֵʮ᣿
תķɿ죺Уƾɶ˵پͶ٣Ҫʮᣡ
³ԽЦЦûӦˣү˰ݣү
ǹү³Խ죬ĵ˵ͷãǱˣһͬȥһ˴壬ܣ㿴֮˵

ɢ֮ǶۣȺһֱ³Խ֣³Խתͷʱһ۱Ƽ
ߣ￪ھ͵˵˾ʲôԭɫƽÿһ䡣
³Խ̧ͷʾصġ
ٲǴܺ³Խȥ˴ˡ
ǵȴûͣ
Ҳװ³Խ԰׵ãΪɶҪʮᡣ
ҿ³ԽĸҪǱƤϣô죬ĻǰùѪʺġ
Ҳǡ³ҿǮ˵˷ӣָϱ˷ݣҪȥˣ
Ͳ˰ɣ޷Ϊ˼Ȣϱ˶ӷ˼ңǷϻ׬ǮٿⷹԺҲͲˣ̣ǳɼҵ˼³Խ껨Ǯ㿴źӣָôأ
ǰĽ
ĽɣĽ¯ȥɣ
ȥүġ
ΤһֱվԺζӡ
ÿݣ˸˼ҷĶ԰ⷹݲҪҪⲻ𣿹󰡣ҪԼأ

ΤסӣȾ³ϲׯȥ
³ԽĻȻؼȥˡ
³̫̫ȻҲڲ£ؼҵһ£ȥﱨš
ѹϵоȫһ飬³̫̫Ҳˡ
Ҵ֪ˣöʮסӵ죬徻
˵ͷ˵ǣǲ֪ܻ᲻Ĳϰأ
³̫̫£ڹүǰ˵£ǹٸȥ֤Ҫ˶ţһӷڻ£Ҳû˵ȥ³ҵ˲мå򽻵Ҫ۸ͷϣҲǲģ
ŵĻᶨĵ˵ͷˣ
-
ٸ˼ݵֻһʱ͵˴塣
³Խǰ˸ţһֱվɽͷϣˣһ飬ܡ
壬ˣ
úúã඼׼ˣھͿʼ

ͷԭ³Խǰϵôһ죬ȥٸʱ򣬾ĻȥţЩܵʵͱ˸ɾڣȫõضǣֻҪǿˣԶܱѬ³
Ȼ˸ǰЩٲŵˡ
Ӵҵ죬ɶζ
³ԽЦЦʵҲǸСȦΪɽû˸͵壬ȽŲ㣬ʰɾʵҪУҲֵġ
ס˱ӣ۷ס
ſڣѾŻ
˿˳ôˣװ֪飺ǡ
ٸģȥѾһ仰˵ˣſڱǣ˵㲻Ҫȥ𣬸Ͻȥɣ֮
űҲ˵ӲͷƤ˼
ҵĵص࣬ˮͰȦмͷСģǼͷģҲоϵҪжٻ
ܴ忴˼ۣѾˣط˵ҲҪ
ʮᣬõõá
ȾߣǹٲҲһ̶
³ԽЦʣΣ
ɿӣɽҪǮ
û⡣³ԽһӦ£ֿǹٲҲλ֤
˵ͷҲΪͷҲǣһӣƵطʮ嶼ˣ
ɽ»صţǩֻѺȻȥǮׯ³Խȡ˶ʮᡣ
׻ӣܻǺܸ˵ģ˵࣬ͷҲصˡ
ȥģǿ϶ǶĳķҪöʮɶʮᣬⱲӻƨ
³ԽıӰεҡҡͷ
ҲһˣһĻﴽЦɱ
³ԽɫȥɣЩСҲ쿪ʼɰʯޡ
ϸ磡˷ܵӦ£ߣӾٳ˴ˡ
£ڿԴظɣûк֮ˡ
-
³ԽԼңѾƻˡʵѾЩƣһʱӭ˳³̫̫Ҳɡ
³Խｻһʲôˡ
ص˿Լ˵ķ

³̫̫ˣ
ˣʮᣬ۱˿һ롣
³̫̫ĵ˵ͷǾͺã֪ǸģȥɣúȥϢϢ
³Խ˵ͷҲˣհǿǶˣڿ۵ݣƺҲܸ˵ӡ³Խͷһȣ׼ӡ
˭֪հۿԼϵһɫͻ䣬ñ˼Ŀ֮ģģͻֲ
³Խһɶͷԣһűӡ
ôˣ

³Խ̧һţѹ֡
³̫̫ЦհҼհǻ顭
³ԽҲٺٺٵЦˣҲ̲סЦϽ˷ӡ
-
ΤҲͻˣвס̾
Ȼϣʵȴǣȷžءͷ˼ңϴôҲܱȵܸܵǰɣ۳ţһ첻һ죬ȥׯʱ˵ȥ˭Ӧȥˣ˸գ۳춼ˣôǲӰ
Τ׼ſˡ
³ڻˣֻġ
ϱ
Τû˳ȥ˭Ⱦˣ
³·Щƣϱף£
ΤߵȥŪ˵ѾƵġ
³ɺ󣬲Żλ¡
һģ׺˭Ӧ갡ָЩûõİҿɾ㣬ҪǱץסһЩҲΤ⼸Ѿˣɣ³ɸòͷˡ
³ɳЦЦϱҪ̸һ׮ˡ
ôϤĶԻ˲Τо죺³ɣֱʲô˸ƭǲǣ
ΤϵҪƷʵˣϻ³ɻʱ˵һģһĻ˭֪³ɫһ磺Ҹ㣬ģǺͳ͢⣡ܱƭ𣿣
ɶ͢⣿㣿
³ɿΪڸʲôʵɣѾͷ˽ˡ͢Ҫߣĵɣ֪㽭Ǳߵ˿ڶ󲻣ϻϷƭңҾ˸ȥ˿Ѿ۵ķȥˣϲĲˣ򰡼۸Ҳߵˡ͢ԽҪһɣ磡Ӵ˿
ɶ˼˵
ֳɵĲׯеһʶ֯˵ߵķոմһǮɶʱ򰡣
ΤϴģΣȴ³ɻƶ
׬Ǯ濿ף
ѽͷһٸģṩϢľҲϵڱˣҲҪԼȡģϢǼٵģҲǮֻǶЩأв˿ϣԲǼҿǮˡ
Τ۾ô˵ĻǼҲϿתˣð϶׬öˣ
ɶ
³һ䣬Τæһһʮ˵ˣ³˵֮˰Ρ
ܵ˸ɶʱ¡
Ӧͷ֮ǰͶ־ݵģͷûˣӦʱֵġ
³૵ô𣬶Ҳһֱû˵
Τҧɲ㰡̫ʵˣּҵʱҾ˵ˣһӽӶ֮ǰҲһûԣ㻹˵ʲôԸ񡭡
³Ĩ˰û˵
Τϼ
ذҪû
³ɰеһƣΤϣϱ

ҲҪӰɡ
Τһû뵽ͻȻ˵Ļ³˵žȥˣҲӰɣ˶ӣҾͲᴦȲˣ˶ӣҲбͷˡ
Τһ죬γ뷨ء
뵽һȥǺܿʹ˵ƣ˴ϡ

ͬʱ³ԽҲӾˣϴ˸裬оҲϴһĻ
̧ۣͿСԺﻹŻƵĵƹ⣬ͷһͳ˹ȥ
ﻹƵģˣЦ˰ɣҸͷأԵɡ
³Խ˵ͷ򰸰壺æʲôأ
ﲻ˼Ц⡣
⣿
šһ͸ҵȽŮǶҪţЩſһʢЩһ֣׼Щʽĥء
³Խ¯ȷмֱɣҲ֪ôЩֱ˻״ôɫȾ˷ۺ졣
Цõĺۣ鷳ģҪǻɫ͵취ˡ
³Խɫأɫۡ
룬ЦˣԣɫǣţģҲÿ
³Խ̧֣ͷţϱɣ϶С
ЦЦ³ԽȽˡ
ҹ䣬һ˵
ʣָܶʮᣬһǮû˰ɣ
³ԽһʵǷǮׯһЩû˵
Ҳû¡룬һʮԼӦܰԲҲ׬ܶʱڿʲôЧҲѽҪúøɣͰģɴ͵ģǺ棬ʮ˴ģۼҵˡ
³ԽЩĿһۣʣô˵Ĳԣ
³ԽЦˣҡͷ˵ĺܶԣҲôġ˴ȻԶǡǡʺһӵĽȻʣҺ滹뿪ɽأʮͷһͷ
ҲЦˣãҵһ졣
¿Ҫίί㣬ۡ
̵ҲۣӶҪ˫ַܶġٿۣҲ¡
³ԽпĶͷã꣬һϺӡ
Ҳ
ԣ£Ѿõˡ
-
³һСһж׼׵ˡ
⣬һ£ſڵҶϸոװȥո£Բĸ̽ԡ
һ͹æˣﻹЩ죬Էȴѽɩӣû¶ҾǹǰæģչǮ
ЦЦǶлˡ
ҪǰһЩʳĺʹɨ
ȺɻĹǶʮֵϸ£װ޳ĳɹʮ⡣¥һ䣬ǰ֣ͽɡ÷˵ľӡһ䣬ͽмԲȫĲ֮ѡ
һ¥ãһʮӣ˷ԲС治󣬲ȴֿܰ˸Ⱥ
ľ³ԽִģԲ⻬ϸʵҪĶſһڣ˭ҪǳԸԱǰ̨˾ǡ
ٿǰ̨һľˣߴǼĿľдۣ£һžƹߵ͸εľƶУ⡣
ǰˣˡ
³̫̫һȦհƺҲˣֻཱུСĸͣ
³̫̫ҲˣԶɵʽҵ쿪Լ˳һզ
а
ǿϧɲڣǽϣҲ֣ҹƿҵ찡æˣ
³Խû⣡
ʰһĸִ̨пɰӦоУרиҤ¯ռãп³Խϸġ
Ҳ˿˿ģˣæһ죬Ҳоۡ
󣬳ɱģȺ
³Խֺ֮ǰǸ̸˳ڵĺںԺ˸СͲرĵطרʵࡣ
ϺͶŹҲˣһ߽̲ס̾ҵĸү˵˺ü飬Ҳֹסķ
ϵɫԽĺˣЦųӭ˾˾ĸ
Ź㣺ţԼԡ㷹ݿҵҪֱӸ˾˵ǡ
ЦŽӹǶл˾ˣҾˣһԸַǿ˵ˣҾͲܰˣö٣ˡ
ŹЦУġ
³һ˰ɨһȾ³³ˡż˻г¼˶˹һСݵĳ￪˻
ڼԲһ˶˳ЦŽܣЩǲ˵ϵĲˣҲҰѰѹأܲС
Ǽƴ̣һЩֱȽţȷˮڣʵ㶳̽ʵ۲˸ʲô¶̫׽⡢鼦ѽʵǼҳˣԳԣ
³̫̫ЦɶǶö࣬ǴҶˣɣ
ЦŶ꣬һ죬΢΢һǵһ Եգ̲סɩĺãһܴ׬
ΤҲڷϣ˹ȥ֪㣬֪ˡ
ʱǣ㣬㻹˵պãԺɩӶѧѧ֪˲
㣺ǿ϶ģ˵
ЦҲģܰҺܶæԺҲҪˡ
æ֣ɩӿˣǧô˵лл
Ŷԡ
˺ˣˣϽԣˣﻹҪʰ쿪ҵ³̫̫ʱ
˶ЦӦǣԲﴫЦ³ůÿ뿪ʱҲЦ⡣
һʰ˺³Խ˲ⲽСԺ
³ȽڣһɽҰĿһ죬ԱߵԲݣʽҵˡ


52 ˮ
³, ʱڲůͣ˿˿⣬ϼġ, ӺűϾʱ, Ȼͱһζˡ
һűϲ֪ʱһԲݣǰЩżӻǸոտҵ, ϲ졢ȴֲ
⻹δʱǰ֧һʳ̯, ̯İӺ, ʳ, ȴʣ
վſڴ, Цӿ飬Ҽƹӵȷڰ, һ룿
Ӵ, ſ, 
ЦҪ˵, ɣ
ͿʼģҪһζɲסҪǣС, ΢΢ðȴУֱѹǡʢʱ, ܾݴĩ, õֵĻǣ֭廹峺, һձ, Ƕ, ˳ʳĲѡ
֮ѡڿҵʱϣһζŨƮ㼸ʳ͡
Ȼںűߵ˶ˡ
ʱѾϡ˺üˡ
¿ĵֵ꣬ǲ
װ굹Ҳ¡
ںŸǰѾͬھĽкЩˣԷݵĻҪҲĶࡣ
ʱЦպѣλá
лƹӣл
һůůθûһζǱ֫ٺůһһ˸ɾ
лдǰʳͽˣһۼ۶ʮģбģǲ
ʲôʳͽ߳ſʱȻֱſڵĶǰǼƵĻ⣬ⲻȽڵˣһ⣬һ
˻Ǿ˼Цŵ˵ͷУǾͳ
Ӻ˳û뵽ŵĵһλʳͣͻʮġ
ɩӣɡЦʡ
ĵ˵ͷ³Խ㣬Ϊ˴飬ڷʵ̫ʺˡ
˿ſͣͲºûˣ½½˺üˣǳںԺææţȴǴǴЦůڵġ
ֻǳʳ˵ĻֻҪʢͱǵ磬ûôˡ
ҲǻἸֲ˵ģǼҳӡѿȫӵ˲˵ϡ
ۿžҪ磬³ԽҲˡ
ںæ
ôѽ
³ԽҲЩԾȣǱ߲æ𣿡
³ԽҡͷûʲôرҪˣտҵҿ϶Ҫġ
ЦźգգۣϵĺܺãѾ˶ٶˣҵĻأ
³ԽͷǾͺá
æ
˿ʱîʱ³ԽǼٵģϷĵЦ³ԽҲ˵ʲôˡ
հأﲻ˵
ķ꿪ҵ֮³̫̫ӹһ緹Ҳհ̣ܡ
ո꣬ſڱ㴫³̫̫
ˡ
³ԽȥӭˣҲϴ˳ȥ
հ
ӣҲǺܸ˵ġһȥ˺Ժ³̫̫ǰͷһ磬˻ͦѽ
Цġ
³̫̫㣬ȻҲһ룿
ﻹû˵³ԽȵȴǴ󲹣ҵۡ
˻
ᵽۣ³̫̫ˡ
аȡһǺ࣬ﳴ嵥Ĳ˰ɡ
Ҹݫ˿ɣ嵭Ҳˬڡ
³̫̫С
³̫̫ںԺӣ磬ǻǾűҪԸ緹ҲΪм¿ķݲ˺棬֮𽥶ˡ
㶼ʼæ³ԽҲżܴ֡
ʳĲԼ桢ȶҪʱ䣬һ棬ֱˣҪʱֲȱǮģˣСһ⡣
ﳴˣ㳶棬³Խһүǣǰ̨
ʱʱĿæǰæӰţҪæƻ˲С
ܿ죬һ㣬Ҫˡ
ġȾƵġģžȻ³̻ҪæһЩ³Խǰ̨Ǯ洫һЦ
ܣ̵Ǯգôˣ
³Խһ̧ͷͿ³ɡ
Τһſ˽
³ԽЦЦȥӭôˡ
ⲻҵĲׯֲԶ϶Ҫġ
³ԽںԺ϶¥ȥ
òãҾС³ɴΤϻһׯĻƣϡ
Ӻ߽Ҳܾϲ磬ɩԵɶ
³ù˵ã˵ðǽ֧ģǧҪǮ
ЦУɶ
͸ϼƲˣ¶ˮӡǴ㡢һ곴⡣
Цչ˵û磬΢һ
תȥ˺³ɿһǰΤϣЩʹ˸ɫΤϿˣվ
ܣȥЪŰɣˣ˵ǰ̨үǣҲоֵֹĲǡ
ΤЦߵ³Խߣ³ԽشɩǿˣȥŰɣҲﲻæ
ΤϱܾЩΣֿܿڲӣ߹ȥѽ㲻ںȥ
һ㶣Ȼ
ϳ³ҴɩæסΤϵĶɩôأǿ˿ȥɣû˵棬òңҲæġ
ΤϸˣæתһȦûһҪģֻ㬵Ļص˷ϣ³ɺɸֵĿһۣ˾˵ˡ
ںæų˺֪飬ûЦŰѲ˶˳ˡ
ɩð
ˡ³ɺΤЦŵںԺզһԷ
³Խû£Żǳ԰ɣۣںԺء
Τȥ
³Ҳ˵ͷȥɡ
Τߵ˺Ժÿ³̫̫հں塣
һ³̫̫һ̧ͷ´һۣզˣѾأ
ǰͷɱŵģ˵Ҫʹһˡ
³̫̫Ӵɶ֣Ůұǰ˶໹˺ȾƣŮѬˡ
ΤӦһתȥˡ
ûŴѾˡ
³̫̫һӣһŮѾݣ£ҪѾԸʳˣԼе
ΤϵҼŵ׼ιԵ׺֮ģİɡ
³̫̫һհС֡
հҾͲˣСӿϳԵĺܣཱུġ
һ³Ǳ߳ˡԺΤϴ˸кҴֵˣðæ
ΤϸҪӦ£³̫̫˰֣òãѴѾұȥ˶һҲأðæ
ΤεĿ³ɣ³ֻõ֪
߳ԲݣΤ̲סˣҶ˵ҲҪɣεҪ
³ɣɶεģǵÿҵҲȥæŻһ
һһҪôӴûղŵ˵Ҫȥǰ̨Ǯأܲã˵ҪȥأǸҲţ˵˵ҡ
³ɣȥҷݵϰ廹ǵãȥݺ͵££鲻ͺ˵ˣ
Τϲ⣺ҪȥæôֱӺͶ˵ˣҾͲţⷹݶҿɶˣǶܸҵģ𣿡
³°Ͳ˵ˡ
ΤϼҪ˰ɣ˼ҸտҵҲû׬ʲôǮһҪڶ˵ģ˵ˣⷹܿҲһ԰ɡ
³ɿΤϣʲô˼
͡Χӵжٰÿ˶׬Ǯ𣿶ǿȥ˵ҲǱȱȽǣֲǶ̵
³룬˾䣺ҪȥˣֻҲʲô׵ˣڼҰѴѾҴã
Τһϲ
-
³ɺΤߺ󣬷æʱҲ͹ȥˡʱϲʲôΨһϢһʱҲڳһ֣հ
ŶϱæµӰ³̫̫ߵ³Խߣɰ

³̫̫ҿǺã㣬ҲæŶ
³ԽҲţоרһõˣɫɫ
ţУҾҲǡ³̫̫˵꣬кȻ˴ϱӰӣ뿪˵ʲôԥˡ
³̫̫棬һϸϱĴɵľٶ˲²⣬ٿһԼӣһҲ˵
æţհǱȥػ⣿
˿̻ͷͷɣûɶˣʱ԰
³̫̫ͷҲС
ѶӺ˯ҲںԺЪһЪԼߵǰ̨³Խһͬˡ
֮ǰѧڴ˿Ҳó½룬˷ܵĸ³Խû뵽죬Ͳ׬1ˡ
³ԽЦЦⲻʲô㻹׬ġ
Цô룿
³ԽȻԺ˵Ҫˡ
֪³Խڶģ̲סЦˡ
ʱ򷹹ȻæµǱϺ磬ںϤ࣬Ͼǵһտҵ˵ǰûнţҲǲ̫ܡ
³Խ֣ҲЩǵȥǱ߿ȵϵʱհ
¶˸Цãȥæɣ
³Խţܿȥ˴塣
Դϻܴ֮󣬳ӿʼɣЩ˲ٵɰʯשͷǽȫһ顣
ԭֻͺȦѾשͷ䣬Ϊڻûôкüʱǿŵġ
мͷϲʳģ͸ˡ
ֻĿźιʳ˴ĲٴԼˣһЩҪˮͣƬɽͷݸǶ࣬ʳǲôҪˡ
³Խ˵֮ҡҡͷҲܹЩģҪιϡ
һ㶣Խ磬ȥϣ
㲻ģʱȥʿˣ˳̡
ЦźãԽ࣬϶ܰãԽ磬ɩӽ췹ݵһ쿪ҵûӰɣ
ţܸɣ˵ܺá
˼ͷǾͺãܰﵽɩӾͺá
³ԽתһȦְųһ֮󣬾ɽˡ
-
Ϊ￪˷ݣ³̫̫ҪȥӣŵĻҲͱˣ·Ϸ˾ʹк˶֪³Խϱ˸ݣסĵŹϲ³̫̫һ·Цţһ·ֵ˷ݡ
ûôΪæµһҲҪؼҳˣ֪㣬ǡ³Խͬʱ
ص˷̣һһ˸㷹
³̫̫ʣϱϾͲؿ˰ɡ
ҡͷˣҺͶˣǵʱ׼ʱȡ
³̫̫˵ͷǣǮ׬ģذԼôۣͶɻԼʱ䡣ææ̵ģҲæ
ӦһȻԼˣĸ˿⣬³ԽЦЦ
ҹĻ٣ԡ֮ط³Խæеǰȥӱ˱סˣһˣЪЪɡ
³ԽĿ΢΢һסС֡
ȣҲЩ˼һ˿졣
³Խԭŵ˭֪˲ʲôʲϡ
˱Ŀעȫǰϵӻģ³Խ̲ס§סˣʵӻļڣôô㣿
һ죬СɵӣûӻҲӻడֲֻʻ
³ԽЦ˵ĶԣҾǸˣʵǲЩţҼסζ
ѽѽ
𿪣ȴûѵġæݵ飬ȷкЩʱûкˣÿ֮¾κεòûԺϴһ˿˿Ķ
ڵĵƻ͵ϨڴļмзԴ˵ģԭҪĥһĽضȴʲôҲ˲ˡ

µѮѮһֱڷæš
ѧʲôѧĺܿ죬µʱ䣬Ѿüֲˣ˲١żﲻڵһˣҲܳһŵġ
һЩԼֺò֮⣬ſڼϵĻͽҲǴ˲СƵľԹ˾ûвͷġ
ЩǱ㡣ʵ̣͸͹ˣҲûм
ˮڣҲܵ˼Ļӭʵˮھ㶳ȴΪ
㶳Ҫñòϵۣϸϴɾˮȥζһ㣬ɾ࣬ôнϾ졣֮ϸϸ⣬еĴȫʣµͷҲ˷ˣ͸ղˮ֮ۡнһ¹ҲǸ򣬵Ƭͷ֭ճȴܳɶˮ
֮ǰϸϸһ㣬ϰõȴڱȴʱ֮ȡгɱƬٵһ֭һ¾ˣˮڡ
һ¾Ʋˣܴٹī͵ϲã㲻̣㶳һȥڼƣȷڻظʣ˻ζ
ˮʱԲݵƲˣһҪʮģ٣ÿӦһʱ䣬ںŸСһѷͷ
ȶֵ֮һһȵĴڣ³ȥճɻ㲻꣬³ԽվҪȥæˡ
ڿһ֣
ÿҪȥ³Խͷ
ʵС£ҸǣƫҪÿΪ﹡ϣһ㣬׼ʱ׼ĿʼС
³ϱˣ
ʵǺ³Խ쵽ʱͻƵƵ﹡ǰȥǸССģӰҲ׼ʱ֣Щ˿ʱ³Խʹ󲽳ȥˡ
Էձ죬ŴŴɤŴһķ˳һСָԼĶͷ˲
³Խ۲ۣ߹Ȳȣ
ֲ졣
³ԽΪµظɻûʲôθڣŻݲ̳ݲԽĶһЩϸϸ鳴ĩ׷ϸһ㡣棬ݲ˿棬һ۲ˣθڷҲ˵㡣
ǸϤСľգѾ³ԽרˡΧЦЦҲĽ
Ҳ˲ʱ죬һ괺һյģۡ
³Խﴽڴڵĳ׷ũ
ˣҽڷ˵˸ĵɣ飬˵𣿡
³Խ˵ͷ˵ˡ
Ǽҡ
³Խһ׷ҡͷҲ룬һΪ£λ֪Ϊۼҵĵ٣ôҪ֤Բʳġ
ͷôҲף䣬˳ˡ
³ԽѾ극ˣʰӣվͷõģһҡ
ҲЦŵ˵ͷá


53 ͼ
³, ʱˮࡣ
ɽϵľʹǲժĺʱһ꣬ʹ, Ҫ³Խһɽھӵġ
Ǳڻò, 콫Ҫ׼һЩȫ׼ãһ緹СҾ׼ˡ
, ˡ
³ԽվԼԺſڸ˸к˭֪³̫̫˿̺ɰ, һ
³Խһ, ȷ¶ȥˡ
³ɺΤҲ, һϵ, ϡ档
³Խ³ЦЦ, ȥﰡ
³Խͷһ
³̫̫ʱɸղ, ˵ص, ˵͢ڳ˸ʲô, ʲô
³ĵɣ
ԣɣ, ô롣
³Խһۣ³ԽҲ̫, һǾԼҵĵҪһ
³Ŀһ۵ܵܣ, Ǹ¸ĺûᰡ룬֧͢, , кöڶչˡ
³ԽĬƬ, Ǽᶨҡҡͷ
³һҭȻ
³̫̫̾ǼҵĵأʱּҵʱǾָ˵ģҶˣҲûһֵĵϴ϶ҪǲԸ⣬æԼȥɡ
³̾ܣˣ
ˡ
ҪǣԸǮһݶأԸ𣿡
ΤһڱĵһѴɣ³Խˣҡҡͷ磬ҾһأҲﲻʲôҪܰɡ
³Խ˵ϣ³Ҳ˵ʲôˡ
аɣҲû˼ҪԸһɵĻֵܺϻȻ㲻ԸĻҲǿҾ׼Լ˰
³̫̫ɣضˣզ㣡
³ɣС
³ԽҲˣҴھȥ
ţȥɡ
ԺӴţͷһۣɩҲߣĵĳ˳³Խӣû״˼ҲȰɣ𣬻չǼҵĵѽ
³ԽԳĬƬ̣ŵҲ翪ŲׯҲɣܰҲԸ⣬صİɡ
ԥһ£ǡôܾˣĵİɣ
³ԽͷЦЦᣬʱּҵʱҲˣԼ
ˣǾͺã߿ѽһõļȶ˸ˡ
-
³ɻصԼ̾˿ΤЩĵ˵ʲôţ˵غ˵ˣҪ˵ʲôܵһѣںˣ㿴˼첻
³Ƴһۣ֮ܶͬͬҿ϶Ҫȥ˵ģҪԸ⣬ǽǮ׬ҲһѣҪǲԸ⣬һҲ˵ˣһҪԸѵңǲ
Щ𣿡
Τϣ˼ҲԸѽ
³ɣǸ˰̫ˣˣԸͲԸɣҲǿһͷȥ
ҪסˣҲֵأûɾܾİɡ
֪ܿ쿼ˣʰɡ

ʱ³Խﵽ˾ĺɽϡ
ƬɽѾϤˡȥ괺ʱ³ԽҲ˶ΡƬɽɽˮ·ߵҰˣСϹ¶飬ҰĿҼˣĿµƢŲӯܿ͸³ԽһƬĢԡ
³ԽϵĿӷ£忴һۣЩĢж
ЦİɣֲҪԵ֮ǰˮ壬Ҳժܶεġ
һЦһ߾ߵȺĢ֮УʵĢǲôֵǮģζҲǹȥɣĺóԵģȡݥͷǲ᳤ô۵ĵطġ
ְǿðͷľһһϣӵԱߵһժ˼ʮ̧ͷһ³ԽվڲԶڿʲô
ɣЩɻĳ˹ȥͼ³Խһ̧֣еĲ񵶾׼ĳһطȥɿ죬ţһǳɡ
һžͿʲôĴ׹ˣ̣ͨϳڵ徹ȻڲϵŤ亹ĺð˳ǾȻߣ
³ԽɫƽĽߴӵϼװһ¨ͷͿԼҵСɫҰףȻŻ˵ģ
¡³Խ¶ЦЦоѵ¶һ˿˵ĵ⡣
ˡ
عųʵ㡭ôֵģ
̣ͨϣԷ֡
³Խĵı¦֮ǰɽʱ㱻ҧо顣߿ҩߵҲݾơ
ۡ
³ԽߵϰԵͷûҧϣûµġ
ȴǺ£³ԽȥԶҶĵط
˵Ķܿ죬ûһСƬĢӺܿͱɨһգźһȦҲûּȣЩɥּ³Խ󲽳һȥ
ǴԶɴ׳³Խһ֦˺ܾãȻķ֡
УЦŻͷæ˹ȥ
ôֵģ￪ĵĺ³ԽһѼ˳û뵽ﻹŲ١
³Խ֮ڸ˸Ȧ˼ǺţȳаϡҼϵطȦȵܻ꣬ܿС
ĵ˵ͷԵĿһ³Խ
³Խͷбϱ޵㣬ɫҲ¶һǳǳѡ

һʱ䣬ժľӣ³Խʼһɽˡ
ɽ·ߣ³Խһֱģƺаʧ߹ߵһ·
ڰɽˡ
ʯףｫСһ˳
Եɡ
ݸ³ԽһͷŤĹ촽³Խһ
Ŷеɡ
³Խϵͷůůģأ
⻹ء
óһͷģȴܶһССڵĳԣ档
³ԽҲԵĺ㣬ͨͷȴĪԳһҸУͷƽͨҲһɲһζ
һ߳һĥһժļͼȣӦҲͦġ
ʲô³Խ֪ʲôͼȣԣѾѵõζ
ЦҲû֮ǰɽѧģڵĴʲôᣬ˵ͼȾüȰϻЩϣ뼦ȵô㣬ζ϶ɡ
³Խ˵ͷЩҪҪȥժ
Цˣ˹ˣҲһ
³Խ˹á
ԱִգƵɽص³СԺʱ򣬸պ硣
ǻˡ
³ԽȶŸںһɤӣ̫̫հˣ٣üһôİ
ȽϺá
ЦߵհߣְѶҲ˹հû
հѽѽĻȭͷһһָָϵĿӡ
³̫̫ЦˣСɾ˰ɣ֪ǺóԵİҵĸζڿɻԲ˵Ŷ
ȫ˹ЦհͷЦȻ˵Ļ
-
ӣ³ԽæŴæŷݡԲѾںŸСڿ죬һ첻ͺ³ԽһÿζЦźкô簡
Ҳѽ
ӣҪ;ƵѽΧӰˡ
ЦЦţϳʳ˶࣬ɲ͵ŵʱżҵľƣǼҵľƺ඼һ䡣
ЦŽͣҲҼҵһСӣҼҪƵĵط⣬ưҲָŸٵģҪھƷã͵ĸСׯȥġ
Ҿôãһɡ
˵㻹ûҼҵľưɣ쳢ѽ˵ž˾̳ӣҨһС
ﲻȾƣǻͷ³Խ³Խ߹ʾ³˳ºܴ㡣
ЦˣǰɣƵļ൱Եģ
ҲЦףԽԽãˣԼͼȣһƿ㳢
ȰǺö˰ɡӾȵĽ˹
ԼģʲôǮȥԾǡ
ãǾͶл
³ԽصݣʣôǼҾĺܲҿÿ춼вٵĻء
ȷôˣ򣿡
ģôڶĲĻǿԳڶֱӾˡ
³ԽһЦˣҾû⣬Ǻþơ
˼ˣ۵ǽȥòá
ţá

ɺܶ࣬ҴˣͼȸˡﲢûһʼѡÿһСЩࡢԵģһСͼȰǰûʳѡ
Ҳ˳۾͵ɴˣɩӣôѽôô㣿
ЦҲ鷳ϴɾ֮ͰͣѼȵζȻһЩ֮ϣˣһ˱ľӣڸзḻмȵ㣬Ҳбľ㡣
̫ɩӡһֱ̫ˣҶҪɶˡ
գգۣĻҲڻǳļڣʱ˵ɡ
æͷɩ϶׬Ǯ
ЦЦҲ㣬Ȼ˵ڵĲҪǮÿҲ̫ʱˣѵãڱĻһƿһģÿҲʱڲܳԵҲ
֣׼緹ˡ
쵽ʱ򣬵Ȼ˼λˣǸϿѧӣ֮ȥ䣬ȥӴˡ
оΣӦô˰ɡ
лУأӵҲܲ
λǿԵͯſŵ飬һһҲ뵽ܣ֪ܷӵΣǲҲڸϻؼҵ·ϡ
Ӧûֻ¿ʱ˵Щͬûμӣź
ΪΣ
˵´ѧԺǱ߳˵£иʮͯΪѧԺֵˣʶĺüˣһʱôȥμӿԵӴ
ɶ£
һ´Ժ⼸֣ɫ䣬Ϊ³飬һƿᣬλѧӣʣ֪Щ𣿣
ѧһҡҡͷ̫ƹӿȥʣ۴¡

ܵ³̵ʱ³Խں͵˵ʲôǳһȻ˹
ɣ˵Щ³ԽһסֵģҸոҲ֪ˡûб˿ֻǻˤһӣڻ·ϡ
˿ˣ³ԽڳǱԼ֪
ոշȥ־ˤˣˤ𣿡
³Խҡͷ֪һֱû˵ȥμ˿ԣֱ֮ŵˤһӣӦûд󰭡
ﵣĵüԸɡ
û³̫̫³Խȥ
³˻֮ǰ³̫̫Ѿ֪ˡ޺ųԺȥոոϻ³Խסˡ
ȻܾͿˡ
ǱҲǡ³ɽڼңҲ˳
զզˡ
磬ȰȰѧԺˤһӣѾȥˡ
³һæҲס̫̫ûµģܿ϶ûµġ
³̫̫ǲ֪ʲô¶ԼĬĬ£һģԤˣ
³Խ˵ʲôʱ򣬲ԶĻڻˣ˶ʱȥͿһ³ԺӸ˹ǻƿ³Խ৵һ¾ʹԽ磬˲㣬ֻˡ
䣬³̫̫ͳǰɣɣӱƿ³ɫ԰׵Ŀ棬ǿ˸ЦӲТ
ҵɣɰ̫̫Ŀ޺˲쳹Ժӣ³ԽһȰһ³ɴְ³ֵϳʱŷֲԡ³ϼżа壬ȥֻʲݵİһ£ˡ
³Խɫ˱䣬Ȼ˷򣬾ֱܱܵˡ
ɡ
³ͷȥܴˡ
³ɻᴲʱѾ۵亹乣ܴܿ˹һƣɫǹͷˣҪӹǣôû
³̫̫һûվȡԱæס
ͷͷˡ
³̫̫૵ظܴóĶҪȸҩιˣӹǺʹһܲ˵ġ
ܴһ˵һóһҩӹȥɣ˵žһѽӹȥ˳

ӹǵĹ̵ȷҲ̶ãҩ³㻹Ǳѣһʱ䣬³̫̫ᶼûͣ
ò׵ȵʱܴǺһ
ˣǺҩ˽һͷҪ£һ᲻ġ
³Խл˸ͳȥˡ
³ҲѵģĿ³̫̫㵣ˡ
ɵŶڻ˵ЩʲôôŶҵɡ
³̫̫һĨһʡ
³ЦһѧԺµ죬ԼСˤ˵ģҲˣڼҾû˵
ԣǻ𣿡³̫̫ɫ䡣
ûУͯڿǰһϷģҾһ磬ͬȥġ
³̫̫ۻˣҵɵŶʲôܱȵù尡ǡ
³Խʱ⻰ǰĵܵܵļ򣺡ڻؼˣúˡ
³˵ͷ磺лһʱҡ
һˣɶ

һڵ³˲ŸԻصԷȥЪϢˡ
󷿣Τ֪º꣬Ŵɵ˵Ǹͯ˺üˣ
ˣ˵Ϊɶ
³ɣΪɶô꣬ŶûУ˭˭
˵ԽҲǸģʮˣָſȡѵ
ôɶһϹģϽ˯ˣˣϽ㶫ȥ𣿡
ΤϣУǮɣûǮˡ
³ɣϻزŸһûˣ
ˣһᶼϸˣԲѽ
³ü֪ˣȡɡ
Ǳߣ³ԽȴڴϳĬ˺ܾá
﷭ʣڵ𣿡
³Խͷһۣһ
û˿УֻˤȣѾǲеˣܰͷɣҾ˾ʱ;ȵġ
³ԽѰס̾ˡ
ѽҲҪõ˳һݾͺˣҲʲô¡
³Խ˵ͷã˯ɡ
һ֪³Խûô˯ã³ĸ磬۵ܵҲ֮Уڶһ磬Ͻ˼ʵţǣ׼ʼˡ


54 Сè
Ϊ³, ΧھӶʾͬ͹ġ˽۵ģҲ̽ģЩ³Ժӻ, ³Խ浲˴󲿷ֵˣҲ徻
ڶ, ΤҲЩ, һȥЩϺõĲƷ³ȥˣ³㻹˯ţ³̫̫ÿ, ͽ˺סˡ
, ءҸһΤĲ˵, һɽΣ˿ᣬɩ, Ҳʲôëɡ
³̫̫ȷû˵ʲô, ֻǴ忴, ֽӹˣ֪, ȥæɡ
ΤЦӦˡ
ߺ³̫̫̾˿
Щڵģֲ, ʲôɽӴ
һҡͷ, һ߰ѶԼԺӡ
ʱ, һţ, 嵭ˬڵķ, ³̫̫ĵ˵ͷϱ, Ҳ, չɡ
ˣºһ
ҪæȥҲ벻㡣
ЦںöˣܰҴæ
³̫̫ͷǾͺáԼڵ¿ŰС
ЦӦ£תˡ
ҲȷҲżҪȥݣ챾˵Ҫȥ̸Ƶ飬˭ˡ
û뵽ǣţżҵˡ
дˣ֣ɩӣпˣҲƹѽ
ЦôʲôǣռЩ£е
ӣ˵ˣҲˣҵһ֣㺰Ұǡ
ã񡣡Цк¡ʲô𣿡
Ц㲻ǸһƿҼǿӣҶӣϲԵĲˣһⲻһƿҪأȻûˡ
Цǣһû٣컹е
ӣǰԤҪһЩ
û⡣
ʵ첻ҲҪȥģ๫Ҳҵľƣ˵ǺܲʣûС
ﻰû˵꣬ӱִסˣ㲻˵ˣһȥˣʵҽҲΪ¶ġ˵˵ң棬㿪ƣⲻԵɶԲԣôãҼҾưɣֳɺ˵Щʲô㰡Ҳҵӷһݣ
һϲʵû뵽»ô˳̫ˣǽ졭
ɲϾͰѾƸ־ݣʵۣͶԵҸһ㣬ˣ
Цû⣬ҲܰĺôɣЩͽҲȫ۵͵ķǣģҲԭͻ
͵ӣ죡Ҫ˵ͶԵأϲͳ⣬Ǿô˵ˡҼҾƷõľƺͻƾƣһһЩ
ˣʱʵйӾƣҪҪ
Ӿƣʱˮ𣿡
ԣ÷Ӿư÷Щġ
ЦҪģǾ鷳ˡ

ͳȥ֮ЦŵǾƷľҲˣǰЩҲȷЩͨû뵽Եͼõżҵľƣɩ
ЦҲûʲôģðˡ˵˶ձ̣ƿԺʵձҲԡ
Ȼʳģ˼ֻձʵԿݵҲɲʲôӰ죬ؼģǱ˵ձֵܿ꣬գӦǱȲ˼ҵġ
֮⣬̣ܰЩȫ̸ݵĳɱܿ࣬׬ͷȻҲܶһ㣬һţҲĬĬ⡭
̲סȥ³̣һ³Խ¸
ֵǣոߵſھͷ֣ﾹȻûʲôˡ
һЩЦĻҲڣֵƿߵԺͿһȺүǶΧһѣڿʲô
ҵĸﰡǿɰż´ɣ
ѽԶˣ
ţҿˣ
߽Ȼ˿ˣ٣ɩˣ
͵վֱӣɩɩӣ
ǿʲôأЦʡ
˶Щִٵվǰûûʲô
濴˲˲ӵ˵
³Խʱ߳ģŹӣһС룬Ųһ١
Խˡ
ˣ
Щǿ³Խ˿һһ̵ľˣ뿪ʣȴʲô͵סԭȺһߣĶ¶˳һľͷСȻһֻë׵è
~
èĽһ˲䣬߾ҲŲˡ
ġġС߽ӣ³ԽҲЦһͬ߹
̺ſڼģĸèˣСһҸˣ׼
۾߽˿èÿɰѽ
СèֱУԻЩ֣
ǲǶѽһ䣬³ԽɫЩȻǡҲ֪ҪιʲôӦǺ̡
ЦˣĴӣССİСèˡ
ǺСһֻû³ԽİƴУëΪ˺ܾЩˣȥģǱǼĸצצǷۺɫ档
̫Сˣȥû̵ģιɡﲦСèëЦˡ
ǸСܵܡ
³ԽһŷԼûʱɫЩˡ
ΪǸá
ｿεεĵһۣ
òȡˣԣȡè
³ԽȻЦˡ
ںмҹ̶в
룺аɣ԰ɡ
ȥҪ
ȻᣬȴˮҰϴϴ
³ԽһۣôСϴ𣿡
̫˺гʲôģϴɾˣȵˮ
³Խͷȥˡ
ﶯĸСһܿ˸ɾϸϸøӲɣСèԭɫ¶˳ͷһĨɫǰڼʱιֻè
ʱɵ˵ʲôãֻ͵͵ιſƼܶΣèҲʶһ˭ﵹǳ⡣
ֻϧȥˣҲûֻèˡ
³Խ˼һ̻ˣع񣺡Ұɡ
СèĶˣҪ굽ס溦һͷȥǷཱུͷͣ³Խһ߿ţȻ˵˾䣺㡣
СèȻһ٣ﲻŵĿСèǱˣӦּȣ³ԽȻӣʲôҪ𡭡
ЦҪġ
³ԽϲҲ¶Цãһ
Сèȱ֮Ĵ˸ãȻſϣһˡ³Խְ˭֪Сè³ԽϣȻЩ³Խ̫֣ûᡣ
³Խһֻ־ܰƫƫһʹһˣȻססЦվһ޶ԡ
СèŤ໵ҧ³ԽЩܲסˣĿϱ
̲סЦ


55 
Сèȥʱ, ³̫̫Ժӣ˱˸ڻƴ󻹻ᶯ, ŵ³̫̫һǱ˸ӻ
³Խһ㶣漴̲סЦ
, ⲻǺ, ϸ
³ԽСèݵ³̫̫ǰ³̫̫ϸһѽһ, ´, ͰСèˣôСèӰİ
ɼģ˵ĸèûˡ
³̫̫Ŷһ, ۵۰ǸģôСһˣŶ
³Խһ, ̲סЦ
ιû
ι˵ڼĸ̡³Խ
, ȥǱҪ, ι, Ǽҵպ̶
³Խͷá
˵ֳ֮³Ժӿһۣܽô
³̫ͦã͵ĹͷͦȣҩҲˡ
ûʲôҪϴ, ɡ
³̫̫֣ѽѽ, , 㶯֡˵è, û
³Խһ, Цû, һɡ
³̫̫ЦŰСèӷȥĿ˺ü, ЦˣͷһĨ𣬾ͽԪɣ
Ԫ
һ˼ЦˣãͽԪ
³Խ̵գͽԪ
³̫̫ЦһֻèҲˣУͽԪ
￴³Խ˿˿ģá
³˸СԪԪסҵһ죬ŤСƨɲͣȨһЩɲ³ԽѼСù򵥵ĸԪ˸ѣԪȥģӵģһĵطſˡ
Сͦ³ԽúЦˣһָ˲С䣬˭֪һ˲Ԫһ£Ͱ³Խָͷסˡ

ƼһĻֲ֧ŶЦ³ԽĬĬİָԪĳס
Ҫˣˡ³Խ
ŲҪһѰӱҪģԪգ˵㡣
ӣ
ԪҲ̵ĽǱʾͬ
³Խȥհ
հһԪղŻ׵ľͷȻûˣҲ֪ģհԺǿͬ࣬ӵĽҲࡣհҲǣĿСͬСļһ۵С۵Ŀ˰죬Ȼ󡭡
ۣ
ӣ
ͷһμ棬һһèͿ۶ˣbushi
ԪհͲ䣬հҲֱֵЦհɵʱԪ첲ͶǶϲ̣հЦĿͣ
ЦºˣҲǸհ˸顣
³Խȴô룬ź˭׽Ψ˰Ԫ椸հá
ﲻ
˼ĿȻ󽿵εεĵһۣԪҲ͵β͡໡ĳֽһ

³Խӣˡ
͵͵Ц

ΪԪÿ춼ЦΤһʼ֪ɶ֪˺ƲƲ죬̲ס˾䣺Ļͦ󡣡
æҪǱ߾Ȼйè
ȷʵæ³æŸĵɣ飬ΤæŻҪǮ
ϻǮϴʮᣬΤϻȥΣǮҪô˵Ҫô˵ûǮһʼȷǲˣƭĲˣɺΤţǮϾͿʼҸˡ
һʼ˵ʲôؼҳԳԺȺȵҲ˲ǮʲôҲûģΤЦһȥģɴͲҪǮˣɵء
Ѱ̵أ˭ҵĵزֲɣģȫ̹ɼǮޣΤҲԼˣӣûǮеأ˺üˣΤϵˡ
³ɻ֪ҲǿģѵðΤϱһڡΤЩʣôˣϵЩأȫɣܻ֮ر𣿡
³ɣͷİϱ꣬ҿ϶ģڼʲôõģͺúðѴѾչ˺ãӾˡ
˵£Τϻɫһ죬ߵӣҡܣҪˡ
³һģ˴ûУ
ΤϣûиоͺͻѾ֮ǰһ
³˷ܵĴ˴֣ҡŮѾѾˣҲʱˣ
ٹģûҲû£ֲ˵ɶġ
ΤЦŵ˵ͷţá

һ¡µ³ڳ׷ˡ
Ƕæµ֮У糿չîʱСԺĲԣ̵ĲҶϻˮ飬ӻѾĵ¶ҷķֳʪǵģģѾŽŲȻ
³ԽԺæµţӾ˼ͰˮĲ˺ͻһ飬ԭ³ԽԺſһǽƹϵѾĵȥԼԼҶѾСһĹӰӣ³Խ߹ȥЩҶϵĳ˳һժ˼Ȧ
ԺĻ׼ȥ
ӣ
ȻʲôȻקסĿȣ³ԽͷһԪ֪ʲôʱˣС³Խű߼໽У³Խһѽˣ
ţ
ԪҰ£Ѿͺͺϡһֻèһֻ΢ÿëˡɫͰɫëɫʱһԪƢϲһ˵ʱҪ³Խȥ׼ĳʳǹҪôˡ
³ԽһѽԪĸɢȼˮʲôҲӵϹȥ̸ٰԪȣûȼ죬ԪѾȲ໽ˡ
꣡³ԽʾСЩԺ￴һۣ
еѵ˯þ
³Խõļһ㲦ҲԪǰո£СͺͶ˼Ƶĺĺ³ԽĺЦҿͲýԪӦýС
ţӣԪԵĸˣҲúƽˡ
³ԽЦվʣµļ˽ݣʱˣƵ
ôѽۿͷ³Խ緹ںãҲǸϼӣӦòæ
һŷһЦҿûбҸķƹˡ
³ԽΪȻΪ㿪ĵģΪ׬Ǯģ̫۾Ͳˡ
ӾֵĿһۣ
³ԽֻЦ
緹ȥ˷ݡ
ɩˡڳæΧΧȹ˹ȥææ
ЦУǺæ󲿷ֶǺģûʲôҪġ
˵ͷ˰ϵľ
ľװǶոձȺִ࣬ǰ죬ձ̵ĺ̸ˡձﳢһȥִҪ֥֣ȳá
ʵһձáӱľѴ䣬ձ̫֣ʺϼбԣʲôУʱĽϾҪóˡ
Ҫͼ򵥵ģǾǾͼ⣬Ը໨ǮģͿԳˡ
֭⣬ãһС飬ڰ϶飬ձмʿкõӽȥٽһС׵֭ɵҲ࣬ϲģѡĳһݵļɣǲôģ˻ǻѡԷģҲз㣬һȥݣִձȷʵܲһʵҸС
ɸոڷƳʱ򣬾ͷһʳ͵ĳθ˰ʳֶһ굽ͷҲԲġ
ܿ죬ɣѾ򵽾ˣвٵˣĽ
ʱվɴһݹͷ׼ȥˡ
ʣɩӣɵȿɺЩ𣿡
Щˣ˿ҲоˣѾùˡ
Ǿͺã˵ɼˣϣиţҲȥȥùĻ
ЦЦǣ㼪ˡ
ȥʱÿ³Źȴӷ߳һæʳһţǰ׼ȥ
³ЦЦû¶ɩӣڹѾõĺϤˣ÷
Щĵվһߣģ
ġ³һЦһų̀ף˵ţľ廹û
߹ȥʳУԷܣҲţˣЩܲȥ˵ζӦúһЩ
³㣺лɩˣɩĳռãض⻨˼ʮζʵڸм
ЦһˣôʲôɽҪٵˣһָշء
˵£³ȻЩʵδвˡ
ڸ˷һ٣СĵĿΪʲôô˵
³ɬЦЦɩ֪ȥμӿԣȫƾһݲİˣʱҵ״̬ã۵ûа취ע󣬿ټɫ԰亹乣Σ˵״̬ܿǲǲء
³˵ĬƬ̡
ⲻ㡣Ȼڵ
Ҫְ͹Ǹ˷ͯԼãҪű˲ã˵Ѿٸץˣٸһһġ
³ЦЦɩ˵ǣЩı˵ˣӦǼˣٻɿԡ֮νΣҶȻܡ
ЦЦܣ֮ʮа˾ţ˴ۺѶ£ѾȥͲضˣҪδûҲûϵ㻹ᣬʮͯûзһҲûϵɩãһǰ;
˵꣬³ٳٶû˵ٶ̧ͷʱѾЩỨ赲һҪӰǰվĳһҾ³㣬лɩ
˺ˣԷɣһˡæ£³ЦһԺǽ⣬һ͵Ӱ֪վ˶áЦЦԭתĻȥˡ
-
ѮʱԲЩʼԽæµˡ
ķҲҵˣƶڸСھӵĹϵҲĺǲǵʱһ㼸Ϊ¥İ䣬ˣҲҪԵƬ̵ġ
ʳԲˣЦźｨ飺ƹӣûпǿֵ𣿡
ֵꣿﾪˣʵûġ
ҵڸտ£˵һµӪջȥͳɱҲ˶ʮ᲻ôֵꡣ
ЦŵʱҲɻҵѾôˣôûмأ·λⷿСҲˣѶʮķѾԤˣֻûҲһֱûȥ
ŰˣŰˣ
ǰ̨ˣȻһƺһطһӵȥﶯһ٣Ҳ̸˳ȥ
ôˣǷŰ𣿡æסԱߵһʡ
ѽŰˣȥ˭ŰɣǶŰĵطȥҲסˣ̺˵һ߳˷ݡ
³̫̫Ǳߣ³ԽǱߣƺԼͬһˣûԼȴĶ˷Ű֮ǰ³Խһ۾ͿȺе￴Ѿȥסˡ
̧ۣײ³ԽС
ɡЦŻһ
ãã˻˵һ仰ͺȻļȥˡȷǷ˵ĺʱ³ԽӲ˵ˣһͬϿȥ
³̫̫Ѿˣҡҡͷ̾³ԽҲˡ˶һۣû˵
³Խȿ˿ڣû£ˣǡ
ҲæǰδǺ궨ûġ
³̫̫غ˵ÿҾɣ
߳ȺʵҾԼӦѾ׼ˡ
ϱ㲻֪ǺӰɿһʱ򰡣¹ͷˣ˵˵°ɣҪҧһԲĳŹȥİ
³̫̫ԣػ;ʹѣ񣬻˸һ㡣
˾ЩĬ֪λȥʱԶ³ɺΤһͬˡ
Σ𣿣
ƺЩ˷ܣϻһ˿³̫̫ӶüͷģĶȾȥˣ
³һ㶣ʱ˼ѡѽ˵ˣɵûУ
³̫̫˵³ԽҲû³һͶˣûа
³̫̫ոϨȥĻڵһˣԣûУܵܶˣܿͲˣ
³ɱһ٣ЩĪҸʲôֲҺܵģʵҪ˵ѧ֮ҲԵذǻԵɶ߲Ҫ˵ܲһͬѧ⣬Ҹ˵Ǹĵɣ
³ɻû˵꣬³̫̫ıȥ˻ӣͲûֺһƵӵˣΤ϶ȥڱɵӣʾ졣
Բסȸˣȥ
³ֱ̫̫ۣ˵һŤͷȾߡ
³ԽһֱҲû˵ˣҲһͬȥɻԭ񣬲ǣ⻰˵Ĳ
-
³֪º󣬵ЦЦû˵֮е飬Բסˡ
³̫̫ʹ޷һסԼӵ֣ɵӴ˵ЩʲôӴںĶӡúڼˣһ겻ٿǣ̫డ
ԣܣһеҲ࣬ſģҪġҲ
³Խ䲻ԴǣȴҲĵܵܵĸ첲һоڲС
³ижллɩ
Щԣ˵Щˣӣ̹ӳ԰ɣţףԶҲá
³̫̫͵аϱպãģɶǳɶ
³ҲЦǾɩˡ
˼³ƺûô㣬Ҳ΢һЩ׼ȥȻԺſһӰƺһ㶣⺰סˡ
ǸСһɫȹӣӵģվͷҲҽﺰס֮ʣ˭ѽ
С￴һֿۣһ棺㣬鷳㣬Ұݸ³𣿡
￴
СĵһţЩأС͵ذһţͷˡ


56 ӻ
￴ǰ, ȻعʱﻹʲôС
ϱ˭³̫̫һ, ع߻Ժ, ղиС, ˵Ҫɡ
Ժ˶ｫŵݸ³㣬ȷдǡ³
, ˭ҵСﰡ, ôˣ³̫̫漫ˣһ䡣
³ҲЩ֣Ҳ֪
һ˵һߴ, ֽϺܿգͼ̵仰³㿴һ, ˺ðΡ
³̫̫Ǹ, ͷȻ뿴һ, ˭֪³Ȼֽһ, ȻĿһҴš֪˭ˡ
˭
һþûѡ³Խ˵ɫԽЩȻɴʲôҲ˵ˣֱӱܿ³̫̫, ѵŹȻݡ
Ȼ, ͹³̫̫޵ĺġ
תͷȥϱ, ˵ŵǸС
Ҳûع, ˵ͷԡźҲʮ, һȹ, ġ
˹ְ, Ҵûɺʲô˵³̫̫ĵ
³ԽڴʱȻˣ˵ѧԺʶѰɣͣҲġ
³Խ䣬³̫̫ͬʱһ˲ͱļ⡣
³̫̫ɵ˼ǡ
³Խ򴽣ٲ˵ˡ
³̫̫һ˲԰ҵɽҲ˿׵ˣһҪڼţһ߱һ߲ǿ԰¶𣡡
ۣ˼˵
ϱ죬ѸղСģصȫϸϸһ£Ҿȥȥ

á
-
³ȫȻԺĶĬĬ߽ڹţɻش֮ٴȡֽչ
³磬þò㻹ǵ˵Ҫдŵģ˵˵ǣĺܺãܰһнһ죡ףտúˣ
³ĬĬĿţ˼Ʈ˰ǰһ
ͼͬո¿ΣԤ߳ѧԺĴţȻֱһȺΧһСҲ򻨣ֻڲϵĵЦ³㵱ʱ࿴ۣС￴ʮֵҲʮֵĺ£˶ϵڳˡ
һ־ͳСıӣ³Ȼŭգ󲽳ȥֹˡ
ٹ£
Ǽ˿ǰȻֵ³㣬ŭգϵĳھ棬³һֱɫĵСǰȺ˿
˴´ѧԺڱǹٸţλҿҪˡ
³һһĵ˵Ļȴ־֮Ǽ㶣Ȼıסˡ
У㲻Ҳǿ˼С
СүǣһǼ˵ͷ˷ӣ뿪ˡ
Զ³ŻͷССŻ˶棬³û£ѾԶˣ¡
Сӵ̧ͷһۣллл
³㣺ؿ㿴ЦָָŸſڵǿ̨ס
ԺйٸţҪǻл۸ĻԵһʱС
СĿ˺üۣͷҼסˡ
³ֳЦЦžͺͬһ뿪ˡ
ΪֻһССĲû뵽ǣ³ÿնǸСûȥٸſѡ´ѧԺſÿ¿Σ³㶼ſ
СƼ֮Ҳû˵ֻ΢΢ЦЦһ¡
һΣ³̲סȥȥˣΪʲôÿһ˶СﻹЩ˼ֻǵиĸˣֻһ̣Ļֻ࣬ܳʱ³ЩпһǮ˻һ
֮󣬵³һһ䣬ͷԣͻһЩС﷢ĵĸм˵ĻҲĶ
ѧԺգʵ³ԭ£ճţδԭĵطǸϤӰվԭصȺƬ̣ûȵǸϤСȴȵǸͯ
³̾˼ջأڴϣٴóżּ㹤ȴܿдļΪ棬дΪԼ˵ȣϻôĲм־ᣬкԹ԰ļǣǣ˵ֲ֧
-
³̫̫֪Լӵ˼еľ˵Сϡ
һȦҲûΧļҴ޵Ĺƽʱɫȹӵġ³̫̫٣ԼԺãȻһΣ˵ڶΡ
ϧ³̫̫һȾ߰죬ûеȵˣҲʼˡ
һʾڶ飬Ҫôǲ㣬֮³̫̫ȥҲˡ

³̫̫һθ̾仰
뷢϶ȥʣ˭֪³ԽǱտڲ̸£ŻЩԹ³̫̫Ծʵ϶զˣ
³ԽŴȻһƺ«ӣ³̫̫Ϊ˭֪³ԽڵҲö졣
³̫̫죿ɶ죿
³Խֲ˵ˣȴĬĬ̾˿˼ҲƮһ
Ъʱ֪ôһ仰ͬ˵ˣ³Խˮϴ裬ҲֻǼ򵥵ġšá
³Խһʼû룬ֱЪ֮ﻹǶģ³Խ;Ծˡ
ϱˣ
ﱳʰѣûС
شʮֵѸ١
³ԽĥһȴŻǲԾ
ԣܲ˵ľܵǰ
˪Сûܶ㿪ʮƶˡ
ûǰߣ˭֪³ԽһǽƵġ
һԴӵ㣬˵Ǿ仰ʲô˼ʲôǸģ
³ԽһٴС
֪ʱöһġ
оǸͣЩʲôѽŵóۣԴϷʡ
³Խʱо˸һûСϱҡ
ĬĬĿƺ뿴ô˵˭֪³ԽԽԽ춼˵ȻһĺܸʲôǸͣûҡ
˵ǻʱеȷЩᣬѾöˣǿŵģȻеЦ
ûУǹ³Խһȫһ״ֺ̬ɵ
Ҫǰ϶ôϷˣȻ붺ˡ
ģҲŲţôû˼ҾʹӦˡ
³Խдһ˿ֺãģϷˣˡ
̲סЦȴûƼ³Խͳɤһ˿ԣƹġϹĵĹֻһԭǱĥû취ܵͷģҶǵǵӣֻ㡭
³ԽĴһ˿˿ίҲٶˣ֪ˣҿЦġ
³Խǽֵۣʣģ
šˣˡ
³ԽæĿȣһһͬʯأҵһμ㲻֪Ϊʲôעˣģֻãֻ㡣
ͬȪأ࣬ůġ
һƺҪеȥ
ֻһ
򴽣ɵӡ

˼£³Խ뵽лȣϵĶ̲ס˼֡
ڷæţֿ쵽ˣһձһԱվѵһҪˣÿλЪһ
ЩƼñһģЦŶ䣺ƹӣǴ󷽣Ҹܶ෹ݶ͹бģģҲûô󷽡
ЦҼȽ϶ɣ⵽ˣҪǱ֤ʲУгҲȣԼҲҪõġ
ǻЦЦû˵ˣĳá
Ц׼˵ˮȻ⣬ϴǸСٴγˡ
ȵȣƺҪתߣæ˸סˡ
ԷȻЩţЦ߹ȥŵ𣿡
Сﱻôһʣɫһ죺ҡ
Цϻյͦĵģ˵أȻܵѾͱôнˣɡ
Сô˵ԶȻԥ
һ£˷ݡ
һ£СﻹһʱӣҲʢļĺģһĵ
ЦĻÿôѽ
С￴ۻСһһ䣬ģĵġ
Цĵɡ
Сĵóݸ͸ɽ㣬³ǰҺܶĻǮġ
Ҫ͸Լ˿ڣӻɣʵҸϲӣ
Сһ㶣⣬ԥƬ̣ӻĳãӻ㡣
﷢ĵЦˣ㻹ûԷɣӻɣƵĴ±棬ôϲ𣿡
С׼֣һ㲻ҲĻˣŰ
ȥ˳ûиСܾĻᣬûһڵĴ±Ͷ
԰ɣϲͷһ㣬ϲҲûϵ
лл㡣
һ±棬˷ḻù̵ĻùȽ±硣СĶˣûܾӣƵĳ
￴˿ۣ̲סСش𣺡ҽѿסߣˮǱסŵġ
ˮ壿뾩һ𣿡
ѿ˵ͷϰˣÿϳٻȥ
Ĭˡ
㸸ĸ
ѿ˴۽ޣҸĸˣֻҺ̡ʹˣԶ·ֻҳ
ﳹ׳ĬˣðΣ̧ͷϢָ۽ǵһᡣ
ٸɣ
ѿ˲˽㣬ҳԱˡ
һһһȥ˺ССӰǿ˵Լùһӣļ⣬߳ʱѿȴˡ
ϣֻһ룬һûбߵĻǻĻģĵ

³̫̫ԼԺӵһҲûˣЩɥͿŸˡ
Ļ³̫̫Żͦϲ⻨ţ
ϻظܵŵǹ͵ġ
³̫̫ԭ̵׼ͷϲһ䣬һɶˣ
Цŵ˵ͷȥ˵ɡ
³̫̫Ժһ˸ƿЩãһ³̫̫˵˽顣³̫̫꣬Ҳ˺þá
ôСĺӣһ˳ı
˵ͷҲһ棬ͰЩˡ
³̫̫̾Ŷûиɴ𣿡
һûСˣأ
³̫̫ʱЦ
ˣҽһ춼ûˣû£Ű
³̫̫ȻɤӣݳɤӺϱ˵ǸСˣŶͶ˰
³̫̫䣬һֱŵžͺȻһ±ˡ
³ɫȻվſڣһȽźܲ㣬ǼŹߵԺУǸʯϵĻϣɩˣ
ȻղһĻˣζûлع˿̱³㻽һæŶԡˣûۼңҷˡ͵ġ
³ɫȻȻ
ʲô˵ɰ㲻ỹ֪˼ҵְɣ³̫̫ȻаСӣ⼸һԽԽˣ˼ңһ仰ͰˣСӣ
³ɫһһ죬ʵЩܲסˣ
㻹֪ﰡ˻˼ҹǿˣϣ˵Ҳ˵Ҳ֪Ҫɩôȥ˵װ

³㳹סˣû˵
³̫̫û˵ɶӣ㵨ӷ㣬ŵͻģ㻹զ˵û˼ȻҴŲţ
³̫̫˭Ҳ岻ȥһ仰³ֻĬĬͷͱ֪ʱ³Խ§סһĬĬĻԼԺӡ
·ϵʱﻹ̲סЦ˼
³ԽҲﴽǣû뵽Ҳн졣
Ųһ٣ƫͷ⻰
³Խͷһƫװתƻ⣺ժ÷ھϴ˳԰ɡ
￴ҴææıӰ̲סЦ

һ磬³̫̫ȥˡ
ƼڽЦЦҲ֪˵ɶˣоӦɿˣǼңϲ˰ɣ
³ԽҪȥĻӦǣǹˣоô
ͦõģͦϲģŹɶ¡
ǾͺãҾͦãͿȥʣȵȽɡ
ЦŸװ緹ҪҪģҾðܶѿҲ˼ѿأ϶ҲͦܵģҪôԶء
³ԽЦˣװ°Ĳˡһ˵һ⧲һڡ
ΪҲôá
ֵһ¡
-
ݽɲһʱ䶼æĽŲմأȺòЪʱþòΤϺȻˡ
ɩˣΤҲŸˣǽ죬ֱ˵Ǻ棬Ц
ðҽ㼸ˡ
ɩˣҪɶ
ΤôòΪģһ˴ǴƶĸһµУΤȻ̲סˣ׼ϽָԼ㲹Ʒ˳㰡
Զ緹
ǻǮļǿԵİɣ
Τ׼ڣſںȻһǸûгСڳˡ
λ׼µ˰׼׼ɣ
һæתع̨ȡǮˡ
Τϻ˵ǮӳȥˣΤһģҲ̲סȥһµǶǮġ
СѾҰĿʼˣ﻽סСԲݵģ飬ʮᡣ
Сһ㶡
ǣƹӣ̶ˣ֪أ
Щ֣ţ֪ʲô
СЦˣһ˼ǮŰɣҲգϾǵдأôأ
С䣬ΤͬסˣβŻع˼˵
ԣλѾӣӾˣ
СЦ˵ȥ¼ңþõĶûлعΤϣҲһģһ


57 ƺ«
ǮȥʱЩûӦ, ɰˣ
عǮһţ׼ȥˡΤʲôʱߵĶû, ΤϣովãصԲʱ, Ҳſع, Ⱦˡ
ﵽʱΤҲպûؼҡ
ؼ֮Դ, ؼʲôӦȥ̸ߴɲŶ԰Ҳ˲ˣΤȥ³̫̫

³̫̫ں˵˽Щãôǣ
Τû뵽Ҳ⣬εЦпѽ
֮ǰǱ߶֪һЩΤϵ飬ƼҲǺܴ, ڷ˼ңǲعʲôɫ
ϵһЦ, žͺ³̫̫˵Ǽҵȷ, һǣΧھӰ˵ǹڿҪǸҲû, Ǹ, , Ҷۡȥʱ˵⣬˺ðβףȻǸ˰˵Ǹˣ͸ˣֻ˵ѿԼͬⰡ¾ûʲô⡣ˣɵأ
Τһţ۾ҪɳˣҪ˵ˣԷ˭һϢʵЩɵ۾ʵ
³̫̫ԭҪ˵ΤôһΣЩˣһ˵ϣǹզ𣿡
ϣ˰ǿ϶ģҲ̫ˣҲѹ֣˵ǼͥǸҲûطȥ
³̫̫ͬˣﲻͦõģҲš
ЦˣΪ˭ﰡ֮ǰҲݰֻǸóĵطаˣ
³̫̫Цˣ˵ҲǡһͷɣûɶĻȥ
У
Ӧ£ڻϲ³³Ǹˣ˵ַٵһ죬Ҫܰ׮˵ɣǲɾˣҿ˵ף˼³Խأ
ԽԽЦЦűˣߺ³̫̫ʣզɶ£ôŻŵġ
Τһ룬˵ԼҪǾЦŵⲻǼŸ㱨ϲҽܴ򡭡ңˡ
³̫̫ںȲ裬ԣһڲ˳
ɶɶˣ
Τһɫһ죺ɶֻˡ
³̫̫һΤϵĶϣð
Ȼϱ³̫̫ŮûУȻҲϲüңɻͦ
Τֺˣ
³̫̫ЦˣզǺ£ɶڼ̥ɣ
Τһ⻰ɫȻͱòȻˣǿ϶ġ
³̫̫˵ͷУȥЪŰɣϢ˵û
û˵ΤЩķӦˣһ̥ʱôɱֻô赭дһ仰͹ȥˣ
ΪЩûعΤϾȻһʱԼϻҪĿģվ˺һźȻ
ˣҽȥõķˣˣ˵Ƿݲø𣬵дǵõ֣¶֪
³̫̫ԭΪΤϻеȷͦĵģûһſھ˵ЩԼģ³̫̫üͷ΢֪զˣ
Τۣ֪
³̫̫ѾʮֵĲˣ̣Τ϶˵ķû𣺡֪ɶǮ϶Լİ취һûġˣڷּˣ϶Լϱ̸ӣ˵ˣҵҲ񲻵ô
ΤҲǸ˼뵽ȥˣҾ̫ˡ
³̫̫һû˵ˡ
ΤʶȤ˸⣺Ĵ˵ˣ˼ǽͰѻ¸𣿡
³ֿ̫̫һۣ鲻Ըһ
ҲڼңҪҲԶˣ£¡
³̫̫Ц⻹˵ҵȻ֪ǺˣֻҴʲôľС
ΤεЦǴȶˣôѽҲҵĴɣҲĶ
³̫̫û˵ֻǻ˻֣ˣȥЪŰɣ𣿺ú̥
֪ˡ
Τ߳³̫̫ķǼȦ̾ǣڷּˣȼֻȥɱԼҵģֲûУҪﻳˣҲ᲻ø𡭡
ΤϾԼؼʹʹɱֻԼһ˳ԣҴ⽥ɫһֻǳԵġ
-
Ǳߣ̵ʱǡ³ԽȥˣֻСȣŵͷ³Խĥľϲ֪ʲôľͷ̳ķӻж̵Ļ֣ģһϸȻǵ³СԺСԺĹѾˣڵһֻèԪ
ú漫ˣϸ˿
ϤĽŲѶԭ
³ԽЩϲôˣæˣ
һԣôĿ³Խתôˣ
Ȼһ³嵽ɷ˵ĺݺҧһڣ㻹ôˣ
³Խ˻һʶҶ㣬ֻӲš
ôˡ
۲ˮԭ·ϻЩɣѾƶ³ԽˣǽεεĵһۣⷿСˡ
³Խһ㶣漴ЩЦˣ֪ˣ
ԣﻹģҪң㻹Ҷã
³Խԩԭ˵ġ
Ųţֻϧ³ԽӲҪҲ³ԽЦס֣ϸۡ
һ³ԽֱҾ㵣ġ
ˣ֪ʵʲô֪
ǡ
ҲŤˣʣ˶Ǯ
ʮᡣ
ﵹһۼôǮ
ȥǮׯ֧һ֡³Խûˣʵʵ˵
һ֧ðǲһø̻
³ԽЦЦһӪ
УȻĵ
ⲻΪ˿ҵķ֧õǮΪɶҪ̻Ҫ˵Ļ͸ˣÿҪǮׯ٣
ᣬѹСǮׯƹϤҲߡ
룬û˵ͰǮ򿪸ʼȡǮǷݣ̣㲻Ҫǽǽʮ˹ᣬµģ㣬׼ա
³Խɫһ˿Σ֪Ƣֻ£ãʱܡ
ǱܣǸǮׯģ
֪ⲻǰµҶԱܡ
⻰һ
ֿһ˵˺þõĻʵָ֪֮ˣֵĵġ
³Խʣʲô
ѹѽĺܴ󣬵룬Ҳãǰӷݽÿ³ȥɱ֮Ļжʮᣬһܸ㿪Ǯ
³Խסļ򣺡ûʲôѹģӵĿľȥӯ٣ɵÿľС
˼˿˿ģ³Խ̧ͷͷȻȻȥһڣ֪ģɣã
³Խȴ͵һʯζûлع
-
ʱ³ԽƵһ𳯼ߣյң˷ܵ˳һһЦ³Խ˷ܵĻ˻֣ܣ
硣
³Цǰļ򣺡Ҳڰ⣬ҼҳԷ
ôˣɶ£
³ɴЦɩˣҸɱֻ
³ԽһŷӦġˡʲô˼³Խ˹ϲ硣
Ҳϲ硣
³˷ܵȥԺ׽ȥˣ³ԽԼң³ԽȥɫɷҲڿЦŰ˱
͵ң
Ц㳤öÿҪ͵㣿
͵ң͵ʲô
﷢³ԽԽ컬֮ǰǸƺ«ˣ䣺ѽɩˣ۲Ľ
³Խһ㶣û뵽ʣЩЦҲЩۡ
ΪʲôĽ
ۣ͡
ﻹû˵꣬ͱ³Խһס죬ĿƣհʱŻˣģʵԺֻհһĻҲ֪㡣
ﱻĻһβŷӦģ
š
㲻Ҫˣ
³ԽĬˡ
ҪǸĻԵ֣ûҲˣǸ椲

ﱻٸ߸ߣ³Խ֪Ϊʲô۾Ȼһ¾Щģ

ɵӡ
ƺ«


58 ÷
, ³ɻڼ˶ٷ³ԽֻˣΪʵ̫æ, ﻹǵϲʮΤϲ塣
Τ̵, ڼҸ, ȲÿŵɫҲÿҵɫ, һ徲ģѾȻǰĵ̥ӱˬҪǵһ̥ʱҲͺˣң͸÷ˡ
Τڼﰲ̥, һæ׬ǮǱߡ
ܲܲˡ
³⼸ȻޱȵĻѧõ, ȻҲͬ²߶ѡ, ھͻȥЩ֮Ҳ
³̫̫СӣΪ²ģ飡
³̫̫⼸һֱΧɣڱտڶɶ˼СĿûġϲϲ࣬³ʵû뵽Լﻹһ, û˰취, ֻõǶȥ˵û, Ƕ˼ҹҵá
³̫̫һ㶣ȻЦˣúúãˣ仰Уɾȥ׼˰
³Ȼһ٣Ȼᡣ
ţɶ
³㣺ܲܡ֮ȶꡣ
ɶ³̫̫⣬ɶΪɶҪ
³򴽣ҿ֮Ȣ٣ҲǸŰɡ
³̫̫ĥһ£ˣ˼ѿһ͵ӣ
³ͷȷ롣
磬ûмҲҲвˣô˼Ȣ˼ҹ
³̫̫ԥˣӵ뷨ȻģҲżҪܾ綨µȻǾ綨ºһ㣬ƫƫ
³̫̫˸еķӣȲ˵ˣȥףǰ֮ӻأҲҪȥ˼ҵ˼Բ
³룬ҲȷǱ˵ͷ
³̫̫ϲ̵ȥˣ³һԺУһʼʮֵĻϲһʮֵĽţɴԺпʼɢע
-
֪ôģķݿǰæµʱ£ȵ˽ˣʳ嵭ˬڵĳʳȷŲôȣܳԱģһӣһ϶
ȻҲĥģһ֣Բӣ׾ƣֻǱ׾ζͻ׾ƵζŴСԲӣҲţûʲô
ڶ̶ֱ죬̶ȽǵĻӭһ簾һ̶֮ñ£˵³Խ˼ͨıĳ˴͵ģü㣬ĸӣŲͬʳģ໥֮仹ᴮζ
õ̶ɼǣϲľͶһ㣬ϲԵĲҲɣȫƾϲá
ܻӭԲݵζãҲñ󷽣֮ԲݳԳʳԽԽˣʱǡ
ֵ±ʱʵģȳҶůͣ
кõ±ܻӭ¾Ʋˡӡţ⡢䡢צЩ±ȻҪ±ĺ±Ҳһ׵飬±Լطſڳ㣬Բʵ֭һ
ƹӣ֭ܵһ𣡡еĿ֭ˣʡ
Ȼԣ̽ͷЦžȥʢһС
ƹӣ֭ʲôģô㣡Ⱥȶոպãθĺܣ
ЦʵĴ׶ѣϲͺã
ЦЦǿ϶طˣ
ҲݸһЦȥ˺
ʵ֭ĴҲط֮ǰ۽źʱżȻð÷ˮԺʹ״һζһ÷ӵĽءءϸķ飬ܾݴˬɿڣ֭ˡ
֭⡢涼ɣˬθȻҲԲһ쵱ơ

÷ʵ÷
ڹ̨ǰˣȻſһߺȵ⿴ȥͿһͷýŵţϻһӵſߺȡ
ﻹǵһ װˣϸƣ˾ȻСչԭ£һȷ硣
棬Ͷ࿴ۡ
ʱӴӺԺҲƼˣЦȵĻԽԽˡ
ʲô
һһЦɩӻ֪ذɣǾ˵һелǰɲǳæģרȵġɩ㿴ͷ϶ǸһһЩ͵ĶҲǣЯǸСӰǵˣԭЪЪļһʲ
漫ˣʼϸ۲ſڵǸ͵ĶӦѾĿĵˣֻ÷Լժģ˻ĿյɽȷҲһá
̲ס߳ţ˽̸˼䡣
ǻ͵Ķһ˵ķã㡣
ԭŶӣ;һЩ̶й̶Ǿˣǳ΢ԶһİʲôֲԸŶȵģǵþֳˡȷҲǸݾ㣬˸ˣҲҪٸһ
Ŷˣ֪ĶһЩճĶȷˮ⡢ҩƷȵȣͣϾҪģţǸ㣿
Ц̸˺Щ֪ǹ̶ĵطǮһ÷ˡ
÷ȥʱ㻹һɩӣҪô÷ʲô
Цдôأ֪ˡ
ɣЦںԺʼϴЩ÷ˡտЩȻҲԼ㡣
ȻǾ⡢ˮʲôĶͣǳʳҲͣ
ԽԽÿףЩȲؼҺͶֻ³Խˣһ죬˴

ѲǵʱģˣµģԭȵȦȦѾשȦϴʱһֻжʮͷ³ԽʮͷС̣Ѿʮͷˡ
Ȧһ׳
׳Ҳ޽ĸɾ࣬ȫ
ܵԺǽ߸滹Ȧ˿Ҳ˨һֻŵĴƹݵģ˲ٵĹ
³Խӻ˺ܶ˲ٵľ顣
ȷ˵ʲôڸķҲ֣еĿڶھʹﵽһʵĹЧǺܶõķӣҿڸнϲ񣬲ûĽʵС
³ԽԥһӣûеͷӦ
ǳɱͲ̫µĻƣҪһζ͵ϣǳĶڱҲ̫ˡ
Ҳʾͬ
³ԽѾˣ⼸ʵ̫ˣڻûɶҪˣؼϢϢȥɣϱͶӡ
˼ͷУ³Խ磬ҾͲˣæ֮һȥٹ 
û⡣ 
³ԽҲ˹Ǯ˲ٵĶ˼ҲֺǺǵģģҲӵˡ
³Խɽʱ򣬺ͳһ·һߴŲȻͣסˡ
զԽ磿
÷ȥժһϱԡ
ЦˣУҲժ㣬Ǳ߻ɽӺҰѣժһɡ
³ԽУ
ˣȻͣţſӵһƬɽժӣ÷³Խķ֣и䳲³Խͳһϻˣ滹дķۡ
ض飬ڻƻʱ֣³Խˡ
һ߽Ժӣ³ԽŵһζӳһۣҲͬʱЦ˳
³Խͷժ÷ɽѻзۡ
һȻЦˣǸպѽ
³Խ˵ͽ˳ŷԺζ÷һаװ׵ԲԲ÷ڱһţһ㽬űнҲģ÷ζ
ʲô
գգۣҽڽһ÷÷ɣû뵽ָժһЩ
÷ɣǲɹ𣿡
³ԽʣЦɹ÷ָɣ˭˶Ҫģ÷׽Ȼٹǣɹһɹ϶ֻɹ÷ɺóԣ
³ԽЩֻǵͷãĿ϶óԣһ˷ۣҪý𣿡
ҪҪģãұѿء
³ԽĶȫ˽ˣҲϲĲУã÷Ҫ֪ҾͲˣ
ôȻ÷ģ
Ǹ³ԽЦȰʢһԷʱҸ˵
³Խá
˳ԷʱѽǸȻ˵ˣоô𣿡
³Խ˵С룬ͷҾÿԡ
ľÿԣ
³Խͷԣȥһ¡
￪ĵĵ˵ͷã
ڴϵЦҲûͣ÷ɺܿˣ÷һζһȥͦΪǵļ룬÷ζк˺ܶ࣬ɹһɹɣͿֱװƿˡ
￴Żʣµ÷׼÷֭÷֭÷ɻҪ򵥣һţһȥ׼ϴˡ
÷ζܿʹӳƮ˳ȥΤԭڴྐྵӣȻͱζˡ
һ̥ϲûлѾʱأǸʲôģ÷ӡɽȻζһ÷ζΤ̲סˡ
ɡ
³ԭڶѾתզˡ
ȥǱǲɶóԵˣͦš
³᣺÷ǵŪɶ
Τϣ֪ȥԵ㡣
³룺÷Ҹȥ
ΤϣŲҪ϶ɶóԵˣͨ÷ζз۵ζ
³֪ӺһڣΪ˶ӣҧҧϴѾȥˣš
ΤЦЦӡ
ԭԺϴѣ³ɵ⣬ЦЦ磬÷ɻûãҪȸװ÷֭÷ɺٸɩȥ
³Цŵ̫鷳˵á
û¡
سܿ͸Τװһ÷֭³ûȥΤƲƲ죺ûãҪð÷֭Ų𰡡
³ɣѽͺȰɣö˵˺˸⣿
ΤϣֲãҪȥģҸǮˡڷǿģܲǮȥɡ˵ţһ÷֭ҲģΤʱˡ
˵ݣ³ɲ˵ˣʵҲ֪ǷǶġ
ɣ֮ǰʹܣ˵ġ
³ûΤ˵֪ҪʲôĻ³ҲܹЩ벻ֻͨѡ˵Ƿ˼ˣֵܼ䣬Ҳ֮ǰô޼䡣

÷ɣڷһ֮ͳ׵ĺˣȥ³̫̫Ϊżûֱ͵Τϣתͣ³̫̫Ӧ£ȥæˡ
˵÷÷ɣҲĳ˳漴һɩӣ÷ôôóԣģ
ó԰ɣҲԼĥһ£û뵽Ч
óԣһģ֮ǰʱҲԼ÷һɹָֺڣҵôģ÷ȻǺġ
Ц
ʵȥȻȥɹ´οȥԡ
㾪ȼˣԭ
ЦŵͷΧΧȹ
㿴˿÷ɩӣҾѽһ޶ʮģӦûɶ⡣
ЩԥǴһԼҵĳԵСĻǵȷûġ
ɣȻ£÷ʱڶ̣Ҳһôʵġ
ϣ޸вɩӣֱӴӹǮۡ
ЦĵȥԾǣô
ллɩӣ

쵽ʱ³Խ³̫̫ˣֱԲݳԵķ³̫̫Цˣ˵ˣ
һϲƸˣڶɶʱ򣿡
³̫̫üɫ裺Ǳߵ˼ǿǣҿ϶ԽԽÿֻǸ¿Ҫ˵һȣҪȥȰȰ
ΪɶҪȣ
³Խ뿼
ԡ³̫̫ͷ⺢Ӱһ˵ʲôҪŵʱſϳɼңҪ˼ҵѿӣ˵⿼ŻǳǸԽ
ЦˣҾѿһں
³̫̫ʾͬɲ˵ˣǺ˵µʱߵĲУˮ嵽ɲ˼ΪһôԶ·Ҫ˵Сûҷš
￴³Խʣأ
³ԽͷԷϱУûϵ
³̫̫ȴһëõͷϣɶкûϵ㵱ģĵܵܣ
ȴ֪ôģֱƺ«ǵЦһ⣬³Խܳ
³̫̫һ߷ۣӣûһгϢġ
-
ȥ·ϣ³Խѽȥ̸ĽЩæ£³Խ˵ŷӦģǴӦ
³ԽЦɵ׬Ǯ飬Ƕ֮ãô᲻Ӧ˵ȹȻĺ̸
̸
³ԽӣȻҪ̸ˡļ۸Ҷˣ۸񲻹ֻôôҶ֪ͱȽˡ
ЦұǱһ̬ȵû£˵
á
³Խ³̫̫һȥģûȻһͬȥΤϺʹɡϱ³̫̫͵´ȣѽϱҸϱĶҸˣ
Ҳһ㶣Τʣɶ
÷ɡ³̫̫ʱҺ˺һ˳ǳأߵʱúóԣ˵ģҾֱӸˣԣϱ𣿡
ЩΣûˡû٣һƿˡ
Τ꣬ǳһ£

ˣǸ÷Ͻȥ򡣡³ɻط󿴳
ϱˣǵ
Τתͷԣǽϵ÷ָɣҲԡ
³ɾ֣ûԹģզ֪һ
ΤһҭҲ֪ΪɶǾǸζǵȥˣ˭֪һû졭
Τﲻ󳩿죬ȴֲ˵ʲôϾˣ˵ʲôء̾еӷ£׼ȥϣ÷
طҲЩ˼³ԽҪȥ÷һЩ
³Խã÷ˣ˵ɡ
ô˵ҲֻõͷУҲҽ˵Щ÷ˣɡ


59 ˿
, ³ͣϳ˶ٷûڼ￪𣬾ֱȥԲݡý˵, Ӧõġ
³Ǳ߼ѻ˵꣬Ŀģ˵ȥˡΪѿʮ, ٵһ굹Ҳʲô¡³̫̫̾, 꿴أ¶
ϰοҵ, ͳɡԭɽܶ𣿡
³̫̫һ㶣⻰˵ԭΪҪٹأͻȻӿ˽ȣҲ³̫̫ˣƸ, °㶨ˡ
ȣҲںת֮СȻϻҪŹ, żҲܷǽԼߣܴ˺ü, ˵ǻָĻ
ɰ³̫̫˻ˣһĿϾ˵£ţͷûϹ, ۿŶҪԲЩˡ
ȷҪлɩ³̾
Цɶ, пհ, Ҷ֮ǰǼܻӭġ
³֣û¾ڼиԲݶҲڼ䣬һˡ
պﻹͻ˺
ǣһʼЩѴһЩԲݵСʳڳ﷢ͣȷ˵˾ƣһС±ǣһСġ
ﻹ³дһԲݵƺ͵ַھеСƿȥЩΪȶһʼ׬ʲô˵õ
һʼ̫⣬ʵԼҲò׼вУϺ³Խʱ־Щڡ
³Խοô࣬˾Ͳڣҿ¡
ﳯ꣺ģ
š³ԽգʱʹȥˣûпҪģǵʱĶ࣬ǵķݵط̫Сô졣
ˣ
³ԽЦЦϱû˵⡣
ߡһҪҪֵģܾ̫ˣʵһʼݵʱû뵽ôõ⣬ÿµĴˡ
³Խô˵̲סЦԼôûģ
һȷûʲôĵġ
ûܼˣûܼ޸³ԽûĵʱûþͻհڣѾԼķˡ
³ԽˣˣͷȻֱֻƽȥ飬ȫҪ˵Ҫ飬ȰѴѾհ˰ɡ
æѽѾˣˣǰƼСѾͷѾˣѽѽģ˵ܿͻ˵ˡ
³ԽհҲˣѾǱߴ绹ûʾô˵ɡ
ͷУҸСһѰɣⳤĿ졣
ţãˡ
-
Դ³ҵĻö֮³ÿնӻĶָȻҲ
Ǹˣתֹһ£죬ֵˡ
ˣֲ㣬ҩ¶³̫̫չˣ³㼸ܣ³̫̫ȥˡ
㶼ɶȢ˼ѿֲɣ˵ҪҲҪЩˣûȢҪ
һ仰仰˵ģ³ֻţĬĬԡ
ʵЩ벻ͨͶ磬ƽôܵĆµġ
Сѧúڼҵӱûһˡ
죬ķҲЩġȱͲһܵ˵ġ³Խľͺͱ̸˺ǱǴġϵԲͣ³Խ뾡취˸ͭȣڱǰԼתⶫ֮ò˶ʼˣ˵Ǵ˼Ҳеĸ⣬ĽƹӣΧھӾû˲֪³Խϱġ
ﻹȷΪûôҲиԭǾѲ˵һ顣
˿棬ʳܻӭһˡ
ëϸĳ̶ȣѸˮｵ£˿ܲ˿ˮĶѿϣԲһֱеԭϣط֮˿ҲˣֻصⵥԵĿڸз񣬱ȲϼȺͼЩ⣬Ժܶʦѡüص档
ϼŻףһط֭֭±Ķ⣬˽췬Ҫѡϸֳģָ飬һˬĻƹ˿ԵǱȴǺ
ƹƹӣһ̶
ҲҪҪ㣡
ĪĪУͰʱǳԵԽ࣬Խ࣬żЩζصĿˣͶһЩʱ򣬶һıӳȥ
ƼˣֻЦ
ڷæţϻؼҵʱ򣬾ȫ³Խźˡ
հԽʡģ³ԽĲ׼ʱԲݰһӣ˾һؼˡ
ȥʱΪУ³ԽûմȻУԽȴûʲôӵĺãСҲһֱ׼ʱ⵽ȵʱ³ԽҲͬЩˡ
ԡ֮ȫһ˺һԲӣհڲܺ㣬ȴܳŴԲˣֻҪȵģģñҪιѽѽģԵĿɿˡ
ÿʱԪͻȻˡ
ԪҲѾ˺ܶ࣬ϵɫԽԣʱеҰֻǵϵʱͻವһ³֣ǵ˺óԵ֮󣬴ڵı˭죬һνﶼһžͱ³Խָ׽ѵ˺һ١
֮ԪˣֻǴ³Խ壬Ҫô৵һ´ӷܵ³ԽļͷҪôҧ³ԽĿŲšȫˣֻ³ԽᱻôԴ
հԪͻɤӣе࣬հͣƼϲĶץҲһӰԪ§ͻ᲻СľסԪëβͣԪ۵໽
צȴûġ
³ԽܻһʱֹհԣԪʹġ
հѽѽ죬˿ֿ˿ԪȻίƲƲ죬Ԫ˲伱ˣͷһҧ³Խϡ
³Խ
̣˼Ԫ̣հԼһһèڻ谵³Եĺ죬Ҳİ
ҹĻ٣ڰ񻯲ī֭һžĽ⣬ֻСﻹһյƵ쵽ˣÿ춼Ҫϴͷϴ裬ʰ΢˵㣬ϵԪڣȻЩһˡ
Ҫңﲻ˼ĺס³Խ
³Խ˼Ϣ˲ǿҵļ㣡еļﶼЩ˼ֻסЦ˸ۣʲôأվ׼

֮һľӵģ³Խִģʱ˿̣Ǳߵˮޱȵĺڡ
³ԽľͰƣȥ̲סʵ˵ɶҪ˵ˣɩģǲҪʾһµģʲôȽϺð
³Խﻹ˵ʲôܵܵãڵŵ飬ʱ˵ɡ
̬ܵȺǲĶУ
³ԽҽȥС
ﳹˣɴתͷ
³Խףһˣôôߣƽʱһյƶõ㡣ǡ
Լ뷨Ȼ.ˣӦʱǺ
ԼӦʱҲȥϴˡ


60 ѿ
յ峿ļ, ³СԺķͿˣԺеӻմȾ˾Ө¶飬ŭţԺſʼǽ, Ѿĺһһ, ǽµĺüϹ, ҲѾ, š
ﱻհ, ϰԵ, , ³ԽѾˡȸιһ緹, ȻӴ⿴һ, ͵ıӰԺ̲ס

ﲻԸ, ֻǺ, žǱûбʰɾһҪˡ
³ԽŴ˼, Ҳ˽緹ɿĿһ, ֺ𿪡³Խһ, ȵĿֱֱ, СȻûӿ³Խ۾
ȳԷɡЦŹȥհ˭֪հԱҲɿߺﻳﲻ³Խһ߽, õķ羰һϡ
, ȥհȥֺ, һ£³ԽִֵĴתˡ
Ƥ緹Ҳ϶࿴˵Ҳǿע󲿷ֶϡ³ԽЦչűƤϱûǿɿĳ극ʰɾһˡ
³ԽҪȥĸѾҪˣҪǰƻһ¡ֻ˸ճûãԶȻܹһССӰ
㡢㡭
ѿСܵĺܿ죬ġǿѿżԶͺ֣Ƽˣͣס˽Ų
ǲѿ𣿡ҲǳԾ³Խ˳񿴹ȥͿСɫȫǻңŹ˺ü£һǰͨһ͹ȥˡ
㣬Ⱦ̣
һæˣл˵
ѿȴǲϣҡͷ̣̿첻ˣǾȾһţúñ㣡
һ³Խ³Խɫ࣬Ҳãš
ѿС޵۾ˣ𼱣˵զˡ
ҡ̽һϾͻȥˣôûãԭȸ̿Ĵ˵˵̲ˣҡ
۲ѣæ³ԽҪܴȥɡ
³Խͷȥ
ѿ֣żھȥ𼱡
ѿҿŵͷĶеϱԺӵԺźȻˣ³Ź˳һƼǰⳡסˡ
ѿҲЩˮ⣺³硭
³㲻ܲ˵ĳԭͽΪĲȻÿּɫңѿѿʲôˣ
³磬̡ѿһ˵һ̲סˣ³۵üͷһʱҲ𼱣ȥȥˣһѿȥ
³㿴лɩҲһȥ
Ծ죺ȡ
û£¶кȥ̡
³˵ļᶨѿҲԾĿһʱᶼֹסˡ
ɶ£զǣ
ԺĶڻǾ³̫̫󷿣ΤҲ˳˵º³̫̫Ҳɫһ䣬Ҫ£ȥöɼݳȥɣҲȥ
ͷС䣬³ԽʹܴϹˡ
ȥݳ³Խ˵ȥţѿ³㣬³̫̫һϳˡ
ԥһ£³ԽҾͲȥˣհ
³Խͷڼҵҡ
³̫̫Ҳжأϱչ˺ã
ã³Խʱ䣬˵ųˮȥ
ΤʱҲ˳ղǾ˵׵Ĺ
￴һ۵˵ͷš
ŻСѽ
ЦЦǼΡ
ΤϻʣհȻ̫̫һæתȥȥˡ
ΤϻŽŶ࿴ۣƵĻԼԺӡ
-
ﱧհȥˣһʱ䶼һֱڲǱߵ飬ǻһʱ䶼ûע⡣
ƹӡ
ԷŻعһæǸղûע⣬ˣɡ
뵽˺ԺǻЦµƹӣ㶼֪ЩЩжܻӭ
һģ
İܿûˣһʼ˵ģƣ֪Ǹݣ͵ģҪ˰ͽˣһʼҪֵܻϣˣ컹ʣ
˵£Ҳ¶Ц⣺ǱԤҪһ㡣
ֹҸĶǱѾЩ˵Ҫҵ±ˣҽǺµģƹӣССˣǺɡ
һʼģôȴṩ±±⣿
˰֣һ棬±ЩͱˣҶ٣Ҿܸȥ٣Ҫֵܶ࣬طҵˣָվҪԲݵķˣҵֵܻһʱһô
Ц⵱ȻǺ£Ҳһʼ뷨ֻܾҪǵЩˣ˶࣬ͷܣüʱһЩɡ
ǻЦˣ˵ЦˣִˣԵĲ뷹Ҫ࣬Ǿ͸ɴеˡ
ԥƬ̣ǡԣȻһЩõĵģ±ЩǴǹӦȥĻٸ˻ǡܳһʳ͸ǵķһֲգߵӶ֮ǰ˵ô࣬ЩʳҲǰϻصļ۸ǡ
ƹǳ죡Ǿô˵ˣģҵĵǶܿ¶Ҫ£⣬Ƭûзݺܱȣ
ЦˣǾҪˡ
꣬˳ȥˣٿʱ䣬ѿ
ƻ衣հ׼ؼң˭֪߳ݣͿ³Խųˡ
ôＱæǰ³ԽȻҲǼҴҵĸ˹ͷ󺹣ɫصҡҡͷ
˲䶮ˣ̾Ϣ°𣿡
ǱߣҪţȻˣһҪȥ
ͷǣȻذɡ
˻ȥ·ϣ³ԽǱûˣѿһˣ˼ѿš
üǡ
֪ТǸ⣬Ҳһˣô죬ǻȥ
˺һи뷨Ҫѿ⣿ǰԺͺԺӲһֱ֮ǰҲסһӣѿһˣȷʵҲġ
˵꣬³Խ˺һ
𣿡ʡ
³Խûʲôģǲ֪ԸԸ⡣
˼ϾѿҲһҡ
˻ص³СԺ³̫̫Ҳڡ
³̫̫ڷѿ飬³ԽԼ뷨˵ˡ³̫̫۾һ⵹ǸӰ
³ԽһۣҲУǲ֪ԸԸ⣬ϾǸң˵ˮǱ߷ãһҲҲѿһǱ߰ɡ
³̫̫֣ˣֱ⵽˼㣬ҽȥ˲֪ǸɶӴõģֱû˵ȷҲ⣬
³̫̫̾ģȻ۾һо͸ңԣԺӲҲ
ԺӲǺһ𡭡ҵı˻˵
³̫̫֣ȥסˣҿ˭˵лѿû֮ǰҵĸŮǣ˭˵л˺죡
ۣŮ
ǲòϣ³̫̫Ŀǰʵģ³ԽͷҾУסǰԺǺԺ
³̫̫ЦˣӦôˬ찡ǲ͵Ҹ϶ˣҷˣ
˵ﻰæ֮ǰһֱôģհҲ˵ġ
³̫̫ЦУǾô˵ˣɰһȥҵʱͺɻѿ˵˰ɡ
ţ³Խæڷ׼ȥˮˣ³̫̫룺һҲҸ˵һ¡
á
³ɽæһ죬֪£ջͱе﷿ˡ
˾ƣϵζţ³̫̫Ҫܿ˵꣬ʹ³ˡ³˸Ժģž֪ҪᵽǱȥˡ
ҪᵽǱȥ
³ɺȻӦôȥѽǲҲпշ𣿣
³ɵ³̫̫͵һʲôѽˣȥǣȥźϱ㿴춼ģȥ˲ǸϱϴѿʶֲʶΤȥʲô
³Ĩ˰Ĭ˺һŵУ֪ˣ֮ܳסһʱɡ
³̫̫һ۴ɣˡ
˵˵ȥǺҰᵽ϶ȥǰɣɶԹŷּҲû˵һҪϴסĵԸȥľȥģ˵ʮ˻Ҫ˼ǵ뷨ɣһͷ⣬Ҫ£һͲһס
³ɱͷ˵һ٣Ҳʱ޻ˡ
ãҸղźȶˣǡ
³ֿ̫̫һۣɣڵˣϱﻹһҪһ֮óܺǵǸСң飬ôģû
ˡ
³߳³̫̫ķ䣬һ˴룬һ۶ܵԺֿ˿Լģ̾ȥˡ
Τ˵֮󣬵ûʲôνġһڼ̥ˬˡԸȥסȥסֲϴźŵģŲܡ

̵ɥ³³Խһֲٰģ˵³㻹ȣҪΪѿ飬ҲҪ顣
³ԽûȰҲ֪ȰֻǳʱĽܣԼѿ⣬³룺Ҳֻʱˡ
³ԽͷǹøǰСİɣѿǣɩġ
˵ĻҵȻʮַĶͶɩģˣѿѿ£ʵǶԶɩм
³Խļ򣺡һˣôֺͿ
³ижصĵ˵ͷ

չѿŶ³ҡ
ͬʱ³̫̫ҲԭȵԺӰᵽ³ԽСԺǰĴԺǰͽԺȫɨĸɸɾѿ˲ŮҵĶ
ķˡЦŴѿ߽ķ䣬ԺϱһĴ󷿣̫̫סϱߣѿסߣľСɣķܰأѿ߽󣬰ζûлع
㡭ңס𣿡
Цѽס⣬סĵطҺںԺ¶ȥҾС
ѿ򴽣ʣƽʱҪɶɶɣɨҶеģ
㶣ȻһȥĸҵԼʱҲǱһССİ˵һģһĻ
ûһζľܾѿ룬˵ҪҰæأڻȱˡʱԸȥ𣿻հʱҲҪ鷳ҿһ
ѿۣͷԸԸ⣡
ЦˣãϢ죬˾Ȼɲûǲеġ
ѿ˵ԼУ仰˵ͷģһúøɵġ
ͷתȥˡ
û뵽Ժſ³㣬Ҳ֪վ˶á
ɩЩȣȥѿѿ𣿡

Цȥɣ̫á
ţɩġ
￴³ݺЦŻصԼԺӣ³Խʣ߹ȥôһͶ֪ЪһЪİ۲ۣ
³Խã⼸ܳࡣ
ҿѽĶѿģǰԺ˵ء
³ԽһǰԺֿһ򴽣Ҳġ
ժϣԽεεĿһۣûӦֱȥ˳³ԽЦˡ
һͦʢģ죬յ˴ҵһ»ӭܻӭļ˿棬򵥵İѺж飬ô֭裬ͳȫ˶ϲԵˬСˣٰһӾˬڣͷİ򵥵һټҳҲһҸƽζ
ǰɺ³̫̫ˣǱ˽ƶȥˣŽգҲûнǡϣ³ѿԾ˲֪Ժ˵Щɶѿջű죬һȲ̧ͷ³̫̫һֻЦƴĸʹɫ
ѿҪȥϴˡһֱôϲŵɣȻѵõҲԺһ

ΪͻĺԲݵۿɼĸһ¥磬ʳҲҪŶˡ⼸îʱ͵ڷæùǰ˺ԭֻ˵һ죬ôҪ˰æˡ
³Խѿȥݰæ³ԽͷӦǲ֪ǱԸԸ⡣
Ұʹˣ˵ȫƾЦŵ
ǾУ㿴Ű졣
Щѿ³סţﲻæʲôﶼҪȥɣιιѼϴɨأȰȰסģľ͸ɺˡ
ѿȥݰæٺʲ
ѿ˵Ҳصͷȥģʲôܸɡ
ڶգʹѿˡ˵˼Ҳһѿǰɣҽ㡣
㡣ѿЦźк
Ժ͸֣ϤϤ
ѿͷãȻۿһ˸ճ극߹ȥˣ쵽㶼һ
ҲЦŵͷȥæˡ
ӣĸҵգһͰͰҪپ͹٣˵ڴĺüҲھ˾˼ҵǱ߶㣬Ͱ̳һ˿ȷǷ
ڵϳʱǰպ³ʱ˵õĴ¥һ²ˣֱӶڹӣֻǲֻ̣С𿾣ĥʮ죬վʹֱ֣ɱ˿ˣζ
ɱҲʮֵһߴһĥкЩûĸˣҲʱ򣬻ˮȥ


61 
ʵĲͷִַ, ȥȥ࣬ӱ԰пΡϾơͺȥȡĹ׼ˣﱸкõź㹽۲ˡ, жпһ, ĴҲƵĲˡ
ȹ, ¹ʢ, ϻƵĶ, ʹнһ𳴳, ӶࡢȦ, һСˮ, õƽ, ٵϽ֭˿ɸԼϲ, һĿʱ, ײС΢, ΢΢Ĺ˷Ͷ, Ϊͼ˻, һȥ, ֱͷȣֻȿڱľˮһ򣬿ɿȴͣġ
һ㣬ģһ, ѿæ֮ʢ׷, ںԺʯ, ѿδԵ̼ղܵζ²ϵűһ߹Ц
ѿѿ㲻֪λƹӼ÷ˣԺϰˡ
Բĸ£ζԽԽҲԽԽأҲԲһЩ
ЦŸѿֵ˱裺Եù𣿡
ѿһߺˮһ߸Ĵָܡܺóԡ
Ҳϲζֻ߿еԼʱǸС¯ܲӶ˵˵ȥ

˼ôʱſںȻ³ԽһŤͷЦˡ
һֳɵأȻҲɵΪ·
ݸһЦЦЩֵĲã³ԽߵĽŲȻһ١
ɣˣǳ˿㡣
Цӯӯߵǰ³Խϣҡͷû£ǳԷˣ˵õ𣬲õҡ
šﻹЦһЦһȥָָϣô
ô³ԽûǿϱЦ绨ף϶ÿ䣬Ҳÿ䣺ã϶㣬ûڸ
ｿεε˵˵㿴ô
³Խע⣬ֱԵġǰЦӯӯݣ³Խһˡ
죬Ҿȥ
Цˣĸ첲˳ã
ѿڸǰСĳ棬Ѿֲ֣֣Цˡ

ȥ·ϣЦŵ̫æûջˮˣпһȥһˣ
³Խá
ͷһȥɽСȥҲȥ
á
аһӣҺӡ
á
ͷˣ³ԽƺܺãҲӦǴ߲Цסţֽ³Խһʲô飿
³Խһȭͷס촽һûС
ϧЦزסƲ죺Ҳš
³Խܲסˮ۾ֻЦҲûʲ
ôģܿġ
ģ˵ʲôˣ
ʱ³ԽϺ³̫̫ɵ飬³ԽȥʱǡϵɩɩҾˣû뵽Сôġ
³̫̫ྐྵӣһ٣զ
ϣ˵ɱģ֮ǰʱ˵ҹɣϱ˵Ŷ
³̫̫˰죬Ĺӿһ£ɶɶʱ˵Ҫ˵ҹˣ
Ҳˣ㲻룿ɿıԺҪȡģû뵽Ӧôʹ죬ǱϾ
˵һû˵ˣĻ³ԽĻ£ûɵġ
³̫̫ĴȣҿǡǲǶҰȥ飬һϣȢټСǰɣһ治ô ǹټСǺãܶɺãðɣȢϱҪôܸɵģҪôģҪôҪҶӺõģ׼ӶһǹټССԺúȺõģ¶ҪѹһͷҲϲŲҪ
סˣ㵱ΪɶӸɻʲôԱС㡭
³̫̫¾һӵĹ𣺡ǱǸýŵĻˣˣڻڰʵһʼ;úãҪҲȥһˮˣ˵ǲ
ϵǣʵ⣬ô㿴ͶɹĶãհһˣֺãҪ˵ɩɩиء
³̫̫Ӷţ̲סЦԶԶԣǣڿҵհֺǣǺõģˣҺ˵ҲãҾͿѿҲм
͵һĴȣһȥˣҲôõģ
ǰɹȵ裬ڶ˵ˡ

³ԽҲ֪ԼΪʲôվôãûٽȥˣתԼҷŸɾԼ˵ǹɸ˵Ϊʲô
˺ü飬³Խֻǵ˵ѿ³ҵĸ֡
һô˵ôŲ񡣡
ġ³ԽֿȵĿֱﶼЩ˼ת˵Ǿ£հһҪˡ
³ԽıӰҲˣҪؼңؼҲܱϱŲһ׷
-
£˸ʱ䣬³Խһˮˡ
̫æȷþöûлȥ˾˾ĸˮ廹ȥһ˴壬Դ޺ãûȥء
˺Щ߹ϤС·صˮССԺӡ
Ժﾲĵģʱĸ﻽һȴûʲôѲȥˣ
׼³Խȥﴫϵ
ĸڰҡ
Ŷڣһ°
³Խ߽Ժ
Ѷ£ſˣЦӭ˳ɣզˣ
þûˣյĸ㣬ѽЦŵհϵĶ£ȻͿϡ
ĸ㡭
Ӧһûˣֻ⣬ƺҲԲЩ˵ĿյŶӣȻһ顣
ĸ𣿣
ϺȻЦ㿴ˣԣĸˡ
־ϲǰץסϵ֣ģôû˵
ЦǻæţȻһЩͷΣ˾Żˣ˴ŷֻ˿ˡǴ˵Ҫ̥£ûôţҰ˯Ըղûˡ⼸˽ȥһ˵ģû뵽ˡ
⻰æˣɱ𣡾ĸ˸ҴУﻹҪܣȻ˵Ҫúţǧõģ
ЦҶˣ˾Ӹҳţһ˰ˣ˸պã˵˵
˵꣬Աߵ³Խңź˵Ƕˣ
³ԽҲЦϲĸ
Ҳˣĸţվ˵ˡ
ãݰɡ
˽ݣŷ֣Ҳǰһˣ࣬Ҳණ
Ц˵Ц첻֮ǰǸߵСԺӣʱҾͺҼ϶˵Ժɷ޵治˾˾͸סˣһ֮ͶŪŪĥģҲһסţоҲͦģ
Цǲó˼
ϵͶɰ˾Ǹ˰ǰԽڲһˣ֮˶˺ܶ࣬ʹ˵ˣӴҲˣҲȷʵ֮ǰˣӣҲϻظҽܴԵʣ
ĸ˵ⶼԼġ
Ϻգ۾ȻСɲھ;ãҺǣͶɵĻû
û뵽ĸĺԼ˵£Ҳһ죬æ³Խ³ԽæŸǵˮƺûӡ
ڼշأô죿
Ц˾ӴңҲɶҲɲǣҾ͸շĻ˾ȫˡ
Ъš
ϣУɱֻڿ˵ˣԲھҪȥˣҲпڸ˽졣
˵ﻰҪԣʱǣŶŸ
ϹЦȻüˡ
þûٶż³ˣȴϤߵж³ԽջͲûһϤζʹӶż̴Ʈ˳ȥŹһͰ㣬ſȳſʱҲʮ־ϲ
ɺˣ
һͷͿżһũľ˾ˣ΢΢Բ
۾
˾ˡ³ԽˣŹ˷ܵĵպã̵ĸ˲ӣĸ
ЦҶ֪˾˾ˣЪȥ
úúáŹ¸˵Ĵ˴֣ﾪȼˣǰľ˾ﶼҪţû뵽񣬾ȻҲĶ̲סЦ³Խ⣺Цʲô
ƫͷԼˣȻһμ³Խʱôֵĸߴ׳һͺԼ˾ȫһһʼĻЩ
ȥͦЦ̲ס˹Ц㣡


62 Բ
ٽ, ³¡
һǴѾ꣬³ҪŮ磬ķԤƳԲµ, 㿪ʼڳﻮˡ
հҲʮ, ³̫̫˼ԭһ, ֻ³ɲ֪ô, ˵Ҫֿ, ˵һж, ѲɽѾ궼Ҫհ³̫̫, ȥˡ
Բ, е͡ǡǡߺ涡, ƤӲڸ, ôϲ, ҲԵĳڡ
ΣӵĶ
ͳĺǺͰǱ, ǾͿһЩ, ţ, ԲƤһ, ȫһû뵽³̫̫֮ͳװˡ
ҲҪһ𻨽ļԲһӹ𻨵, ϵĴҧƤһ̳ǻ, , ݼ㡣
бǿԼ࣬ǰԲݱܵ˼ĻӭŮӶʳ油ѪԲԵȺŮӡ
˱֮⣬³ǰһЩӣһЩĵ̣ӵƺѡҲǴнشϲĽգ˵ʱȺĶдô룬
лܣҿ㣬Ӱҵķݳ˲ٵĺ⡣Цŵ
³֣ɩĸ࣬С£֮͡
³ѾָĲˣʱҲҪٿŹ·ԺһͦȴǱһССӰǣţҲԲȥЦѿѿԪĹϵҲãСèһֱߵ
³һѿѿҲɩ
Цδãչ˲ҲӦõܣڳеƻᣬԴѿѿȥתת
³һƻᡭȷ룬ֻ
лɩ㣬ˣһܷŬָټӱ飬Ȣѿѿš
ЦЦһ
-
Ѿ磬ΤҲģֻⲻǴѾ飬³ɰ֮ǰͺк˵벻ڼа죬Ҫȥ¥вύĹˣΤҪٰķһ
ΤϽģıȥһƬľ¥¥λáʵ³ⶣѾҲڼҼ򵥵İУΤˣⲻŮ飬ȫ˵һᡣ
³ءģΤϵĴˡʵȥʱõģȫ˼ûй磬ܴܲѾѾĺΤһֱãﵱġѾҲ̫һЩ͸һ
ǰ죬³ȥ֪ͨͶˡ³̫̫֪ԼŮھ¥ʱǺݺݵĴһ
ɣǣ
³ɺԼ򵥵Ľ䣬³̫̫Ĭˡ
Ҫô˵Ļ磬ҾͲȥ˰ɡ
³ɣ
ɶΪɶȥ
³̫̫㲻Ƕ˵ˣ⵽ʱҪһЩĹˣһũӣȥ˲ʡ
³æǵһҪȥⱾϾǸѾ磬Ů磬̵Ĳڵĵ
³̫̫ЦˣȫӦȥ
˵ĻôΪ˸Ǽ𣡣Ժã㲻Ѿ𣿣
³̫̫Ĭˡ
³ε̬ȺǼ³̫̫ǵͷû³Խ³㶼֪£ֵҲһĬˡ
ȥ̫̫³̫̫ʣ֪ˣ
³Խͷȥ𣿡
³̫̫ȥզѻ˵ݶˡ
³Խû˵³¶ЩˣСӵ綼ڼа죬һЩٹˣҲˡ
³̫̫̾ɲôҪڼ˭ǽŶǿͣһд֣һȥ¥һЩӦ
³ԽʱڣϾǴѾ硣
ǰо仰˵ˣѾ͸ϣģȷɡ
³ԽԼң¶˵ˣ֪Ҳһ㶡
¥ϯͦġ
ţҪЩѡ
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³ԽֽӹҰɣȥ
³Խ⣬ܿȥһ˴󷿣ͬʱҲӦ´룬֮ˡ
³ԽߺΤϲѾѣġ
³ɣõղʱѾ͸Ůȥû
ΤϣҸѾأ
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ΤƲƲ죺֪ˣѻɫеôǺġ
³ɣĶãϲ졣ǴѾ¸¾հˣʱǵҲհһ񡣡
Τϣ֪⻹˵һƯġ
³һ˯ɣеæء
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Ů磿ųģ˵֮ǰⱻƭ˲Ǯ
㣬ⶼϻˣ㻹˼Ҷɽ𣿡
Ҳǡ
Χֵ¥ǰҲԽԽˣȻһȫμ³ҵϲ磬ųҲȷǲ
³̫̫Ǻ
³Խﻹ³һ𵽵ģѿ³³ЦǰȥӭȥҲˡ
ѿһ³㵭ѣ磬ǡ
³Լ죺ԣһˣ
ȫ˽ݺŷ֣εųȷǴ󣬵ϯͰ˿ʮ³̫̫ǰ棬ΤѾŴѾˣˡ
³̫̫һΧôñŤ³ԽҲһۣĶ档
ӴԱ⣬Ҳˣ룡³ĶһЩ𸻺Ҳ֪ôЩϵϵģÿ˶ǽ»ۣȷҲǸһЩӡ
ϯ磬ѾʼյãƫƫЩ쳣İ³̫̫ǲϰĳϣ³Խ﴿ǳԲϰߡ¥Ĳǰζˣͼͼʡ£źÿʵζһ㣬ΪȾƶҪȸΣҪڵķǻҪһȡ
³Ҳϰߣѿûĳ棬ȫһԲ³ڲϰߣиʵһ˿˿ѧԺʱͳ˵ٳ֮ҲĳϣԴˣ³мΪС
ڴѾǿɰʱһСѾͷѾ¼򵥵ĻΪ³̫̫ƽʱѾͷʱҲ̣ԴѾڻῪںľУ̣
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³̫̫һʱ۾Цһˡ
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Τϣ߰
³̫̫֣ˣ۵ûţȥЪˡ
Τæôɡ
³̫̫֣æȥɣùǣɰһȥ
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³̫̫ϱȥɣ棬Ⱥġ
ЦУţͳţɡ
Ҳȥ³Ҳ
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ΤЦҪ˵
³һһЦİϱ

ڣԲƳԲУ˲һСҡ
ԲаװĻҲȡǻԲԢ⣬ÿһа˿Բֿζ˴ͳıǡϣ͹𻨿ζԲһۼ۰ʮģȻҲһʮĵĴУвеɢƣǮһʺԼʳá
ӳſʼһֱڵ졣Բ
첻ŶԲˡ
ںƱѿǰӴˣ﷢ѿǳ죬ʱҪԷӦһµǮѿһڣѿſڳƱǮһʱ䣬ѿûһĿ
յ磬ԲݵԲˡ
ƹӣûˣһûأ
ˣЩźϧձˣһԲ͸ѣֻԴǸܣҲ֪Լ٣ֻźЩĶˡ
㣺ӽԲǲҪԤѽ
ЦţʵҲû뵽ôãǰһ׼ˣ껹еæ
ѿҲЦԲɺóˣһҪЩ
ѽҲҰæ
ѿæǵȻģҪþõĸ㷹ݰæġ
ЦʮԲҷˣѿһһݣ͵ˮһݣдɩܡʮԼҳԡ
δʱչԲǰˡ
ɵǣ³ԽͳһͬԲǰһӣҲ׼ؼҹڡ
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ŹǲؼҸպˡЦڳôɱͷ
³Խ͵ͷϵģϻؼ֣ˣȥҲãԹھɱˡ
ˣʣֻ˳𣿡
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ܱܶ಻һĺö³Խ𴽣ţȵĳҳ
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³ЦǰɣׯȷҲĻֵܿˡ
ΤۣеϲòҪðۼǲҪˣ
ҲһͷˣÿĲ˿˳Ļٱںõöɡ
³ɴ⣬Τи˷ܲѣ³תȥѵĿյΤԼĶӣСӡҪˡ

Ѵзֱˣֵһ֭ŹźܲһŹֳ˼ȲʱߣһԲ³Խժˮѡ
ȫԺеʯϣƻ轫ԲԲɢĹ⣬³СԺ³̫̫һγз³ɱЦŸְֲãзҪ⣬
Ӵô鷳Ÿͷȴô٣ⶫ󲻻㡣
³߶߶ЦˣТģԵ㣬ٹҲ¡
³̫̫ЦŲз⣬մ֭һţƣţʣ
³ԽҲһȻܳԣ³ԽҲû̫࣬зԺСӿˡ
Τϸǰû죬ȫһȥˡԲͦϲһ˺ü
³Ȼ¿ӣ֣µĵҵҲȫˣͻѧȥ
³̫̫һ㶣ѧãͷ˵ˣ
˵ˣ˵һһܼѧ飬ȥֱ궼ˡ³˵꣬Ŀһѿ꣬һš
³̫̫֣ǸҿǸԼܴȣҪûʲô⣬־ˣͶɣ㡣
³ԽãҲæȥЩյѰɣб죬ҪǹŻǻкþá
³㣺лɩ
³ҲغúÿҪȱǮ˾ͺʹ˵ɩ㳶ƥòѡ
³㣺л磬ֻȥĻµģͲǮˡ
Ǿ͸ţܸ͸㡣
³΢Цá

ҹһԲ¾Ļڿҫţ³ҵԺӻָ˼ž³ԽԺӷɿʰãȥϴˮˡ
հҡԼæǰæӰֱӣ˻С֣ӣأ
³ԽŲһͣӣЦ߹ȥհһզ˶ӣǲǶˣ
հѾʼˣʱҲܳЩͲ࣬³Խһ¾ٸ߸ߣСһ˷ֱ֣ܵմӳ߳ͿܰһĻ
ء

հԼȻ˷ܵĳһָĳļ֣³ԽһҲ˲ԭء
հЦĿˮڣȴ˷ָܵﺰ
תС³Խ
dei~ 
die
³Խۿ˲ͺˣٻͷȥ˱˴˶ۣһۣ̲ס¶һЦ


63 հ
, ³Ѿ׻ָˡʰ׼ٴ̤ѧ֮·
ֻһ, Ҳһ˿ǣ, һ˿ᡣ
³Խţſͣãѿ³ҲʰһСԺſ˵, ³㲻֪ӻͳʲôݸСӵĽ˹
ٲ߱Ҫ, ³ҧ˳ͷʱ, ɩɩǣҵһĨٻӰſĿԶȥ, ³ǿתͷϥϵ˫ȭ΢΢ա
һ, ӷܷ飬һ
-
հʱ򣬡̡Ѿˡ³̫̫һӺ̡ʱ³ԽﻹҪӦ˺üĨ˺þõᡣ
ĽŲհ, Ҳĵˡ
ԪڳհõĻ, СѾӸĺԲͷԲԵһֻ, ﶫ´, ûһܹסԺӻϹ, Ҫ³Խ, ҲͽСˡ
쵹Ǹ, һģԪҲûȥĽݣѰհĴߣһԾհԱˡհ磬Ҳ֪СհֵóԵġ
ǰ죬³Խȥһˮȥһ˴壬֣Ӻ壬ǰһ³Խţӵ³ҵġ
հ統죬³Խһ硣ѿҲæ˶࣬϶Ƿæһ졣
ϯԲݣģ˸ʾСƹհ磬Ъҵһ졣
һЩ˿ʾˣϵõҲԸͷ񣬻ܲٷ
ǰͿʼϯõĲˣõǷ׼Ķ̨࣬Ҳ࣬ϯѿæνŶͷҲҪ³ҵѾһۣ˾˺;ĸҲľʹˮˡ
ϻ̥ѾˣѾԻæкţǧæ˭֪Цľôˣҽ϶ҪæģҪɶҲɣʱ򻹲֣
￴˿ֻѰ˸򵥵ĻơһһΣںԺæţҲš
ϴ֪ɺѿ飬겻ѣҲǸģڣɡ
ЦǣҶû뵽ô˳ѿѿǸù
ϿһæµѿЦмӰӣҲһи
ô˵ˡЦ
ϣզ㻹ţڻи㶼֪ˮڶ˶ۺϣ
һ㶣ۺɶ
ϴ˻ϻӣ̲סˣھӵھӣҲǼңǼҸǰ˵˵ʲôԭҪŮ˵³ҵģȥˣȻӺȻˣŮТǰʲôľ͸ˣ˷˵³Խˡһһӹ𣬵ȥˡ˭֪˾Ĺ˵Լ첻ƵģǵΪû˵𣬻
Ϊȥһ£˼ҶõģǡڿӺãҲ׬Ǯۺˣʲôš
󵭵һЦǶҹúã
æǿɲѵ㲻㿴㣬ż޹ûɣӣˣ𻹿˼ ԼԲݶˣӻãĸĽ֣
ˣͦã֪ͦġ
ϣ԰Ҳմ⣬ǼҲΧЩӶǶ㣬ͷһûɶ飬˾˵ˣҲӴͶЩ磡
Ҫӣźء
ԣⲻ¶أҲ㣡
ˣĸ˵ˣ˵ȥҶɴˣ
ҲЦ֣˵˲˵ˡ
䣬³ԽŶӽˣ˵ʲôˣ
˲ȥӣһ찮˵
³ԽӵԩǸոպ߽ˡ
հһҪҪˣҲϡӣһհѾԲཱུģƤ۵ģ˭ˣǶϡĲС
ұþûǵհˣҲ֣ﻹеĶӣ˭֪հǹԣ˭Уһ˫ƵĴ۾һֱתĶġ
ˣСҪ²Ǹܵٵģ
һĸɱϹ˵
٣ôϹ˵أհôõģ˵;أ
Цˣʲô;;ģҵĶӰҾϣĿ֡˵ҪհȥģҶںֻҪΪֱ̤ʵϽС
ˣ˵˵ҲԣɣҲӳиҵúܺ
תͷǰæµˣ˿˿ģЦŵǣһҾͺˡ

ʱˡ
Բ˸⻹ֻǵһˣԵˮϯƽʱһЩˣľûͣ³ȫ󣬶æǽŲմأ³̫̫æֺǵģһʼϯģҲȥæˡ
³̵Ļơˣ³ԽһЩϱҲȫæˮϯǿһһ
³Խһհʱ˶޸ˣհ˭ЦǺǵģЩǶϡĲˣͲԼҲһֶһʱ䣬Ľˡ
ΤҲȺţҲŶӣûȥæɻĵֻǰккȺˣһȺŮһѶͰģ˾̲ס˵޵³Ҳһɣզ͹ôϣҸոտɿϵǽˣ³ð
ΤϱҲһྐྵӣ־һ̲סǸŮˣߵĸҲɶӣû
ϴɶҲϴӰǴϵģԲģӲӵģ
ǽӰ
ǣԲôãҲ³ǻи
ΤЩסˣ޲ھȥϵӣȼ޽³ҵģûнأ
Τ뵽ּˣ̡
ֹסȰԼо£Ҳеģһ̥ˣ˵ˣҲǿ϶ֵܵģô룬ΤʱֲĽˣæԼ˿ĳԣػ̥ˣһҲһװֵĴӡ
ȷӣԭҲǲģСˣһûȥ³ԽȰ˵հĺӣհմϲأһҲǣӵĴмأæˡ
ʱû˾ƣ˶Ƽˡ
Ľ˸̾ũ帾˵оǵλͼͥԣ˭ҪһеŮҲУǶ˺üӼʮеģ˼ңһʹˣ
ﱧհÿкȾƵˣϯ棬Ҫһ£Ǿץ
Ҫץܣ³̫̫ľͰеĶȫˣīֽǲ˵ģ鱾ҲǷ˺ü߳ʳЩ³̫̫Ųܱߣ˵ץܾ˼˼ıӣôҲͼɡ
հˣ˵߶հϣһȺҲЦ壬еңͷӻհעģȫ³̫̫ˡ
հԣץһЦź壬С޴˼ͷȥۻҵģհ˰ΣѽѽЦţץһӡ
³̫̫˷ܵĴȣð
ץץӡ£Ԣǹ˺ͨˣΧ˶ڵϲֻЦá֪ץֻΪûıīֽ⣬ܻڼʱհˡ
³̫̫Цļۣ·հھѾ˴Ƶġ
հڻ̶֪Ѿһ̿ʼ֪Сļϣеʲôص


64 
ŶŶӰ, ÿ˶ںŶӲҪӣ
һģԲǰĳѾſ, Դͻĺʽչ, ĽԽԽࡣһӣʳӺͼȻѾˡ
ѿ, ӣϳ԰ҲϰߵĳʳѿԼȰһҳ, 㶼û
ԲݵĳʳֶһƷ֡ѿİ, ̯, ǰõӣЩʳ, ʱһҾͻûˣԵģֻܵ
̯ҲĺˣĨʵĽϣϲٷһϲľô󽴣ܾݴեżƬը, Ƭϴ, һ, ֽһ, һݰ, ÿ϶Ӧ
ѿİָҲܵʳ͵Ļӭ, ƤڶİӴмһ, ð²˷ڡײ˶ڡдͳڣڵǰӡ
⼸ȿֺŶģ࣬ԲݴîʱʼæһֱʱΪ
ÿնҪæʱΪͻĺҲżæȺ͵ÿղϵھִ߽ܿͽԲݵ˳ȥپͷҲ֪ǽиҳСݣƹܺá
￪ʼ˼֮ǰֵǸ顣
µʮ£ĽѾһٶˣһǲˣֻ⣬۸ٲź㣬ǰòģֻܻȥ³Խ
˴
ǰӣ³Խеĸ֣һͷĸͷѾֳɹˣһͷٹ쿴
³Խͳͦˣصչ⼸ͷĸʱˣܶʮͷС̡һһЦԽ磬Ѿв⹩Ӧˣϻң㻹ɶ𣿡
³ԽҲ˰ѺԺʮͷһЩеȴСҲɴˣȵǰٿɣʱɱ
ҶԤеŵ˿϶ԽԽ࣬Ԥ۵أ
³ԽЦˣҲڣ۵Ĳ࣬Щ͵ûȣҪǹϱķݣԼҲҪһЩҲҪǷһЩġ
ҲЦŵǣɩڵķһһĺãϱڿڱտھǷզզզզզզҲԽԽˣҶӶ˲٣
³ԽڵϢ΢΢𣬵Ŀ᲻֪˼Լˡ
վ׼ȥȦʰһʱȻһţٻʶľ;һ˲³Խ򣺡Խ磬Խ硣
³ԽվתͿͣ£ˡ
³Խһ㶣̴󲽳ȥӻ죬ոصʱ³Խ͵߽ˡ
ôˣ³Խǳžϲģһݳˣ
ԭĻƣǻЦɩӽˣҪʹɩһˡ
Цеģǰңλҽѽ
³ԽҪӣҲʱʱ̵̿Ŀһ˶̫æദȵʱ֮٣³ԽԽϧÿһ̡
³Խʶȥ˭֪쵽һȻʶʲô˻ȥЩ˼ĵհŪЩ
һЦ˳
ˣֲˣһԼ𡭡
ѵ˵黰Խ˵ԽС˵󻹺³Խȴ𽥷Ź⣬ֻ޲̰§úһٲŰݡ
ǸʶȤˣһĻԶͺԽ磬ûɶˣɩ߰ɣһæҲˣ
³Խãűһ𳯺ɽȥˡ
˴ĺɽһϪϪˮ峺³Խÿضϴɾϵգﻹû˴ĺɽֿűˮĸҪïһЩ
ᳵ·ģûסЦÿζԼϴɾĲŻȥҵ𣿡
³ԽͷЦЦ
ȻأģҪô죿ϻѾһˡ
ˮҺܿ졣Ϫˮ³Խºˣѵȣ¶ֱֽʵСȣϪˮûȣ³Խݵ֫𣬸첲ŵļһϪˮɿĽֺ͸첲ϴһ飬ϴ˰ˮ˳Ķ䣬Ĳ縫ͷһ㣬ָζڰ߿ţʱʱЦ
Ϭ³ԽȻתͷҲŰߵҲ¶һЦһŷӦԼȻԵ߻صģҲɵĺͷڿ
³ԽԼʰ֮˰ֻɾѣȲȥ
͵ðУɽֵģҲȷûȹһʼֻ뱧ˣ˭֪ɬĶ£³ԽȾ˻
ѽˣҡϣ˭֪³Խһ˿Цողųڲˣող˵ġ
ܻ߷ҷˣˣ
ˣ³Խ͵عסˣܲ˵ı˾͵һɴֲڣۣҲһŻסϵȻȫߣƺΪ˲µһ˫˶

˴ȥ·ϣﲻˣĲţ棬Ź̵գ³Խ˵ʲôأ³ԽҲŹģȻڸղŵĳ嶯һ·ҲѰźö׼úúһ
쵽ɽʱ³ԽˡиԻſɽ³Խ˵ͣ˳ǰȥʣԻֻմҰӣȺţǮˣһͬģһѡ
ö³ԽŸҰͰֺ￴Ӻߺ̫ˡ
³Խһ㶣һ˿
ɱɱˣ˰ɡ
Щڿϳ³ԽЦˣؼҸⶡŶ
³Խܳ
ʲôûѣ³ԽæѣáңϻòһأǴȥɩӣˡ
ţ֪ôǼϹˣϻȥϹɡ
³Խ޲ðкöǰҲȻʲôá
-
⣬ѧһˡ
ϸۻȼ⻹ܻӭ³Խϲڵġ
ϴɾ֮п飬ΰ͡Ͼơнץƣʱѿһ׶꽴ÿ̳꽴ɫһȥͻͷһ㳴ͣõ⵹Уѡõ񶡺źȥһ𷭳
ȫǻͷζЩǺȴͬ˿ҺҪһͣɷͻ棬һȥϱ̵Ĵлܾݴһֻӣһ⣬Ϸʱ˵۾ȫֱˡ
СѿҲ̲סС׷
³̫̫죺㣡ģ
³ԽԻġ
治ɣͷӣץϼֻɡ
³ԽЦŵá
һ⣬ȫҷ˸⡣
ϹϰҲˣϹϻƳγεģϹۣΪѣŨһȥϹϵƽ˸ղű̼ĳθȫһһ룬հﴵιߣСһһһףԵ춼ϹȻҲϲˡ
ˣưȫ³Խ£ѿԭҪֹˣεεĿ³ԽһۣаԹԣЦžͰѳʰĸɸɾġ
˷Ҫȥհڻһ³ԽЦһ𱧡
зۣûƳԽƤˡ
Ȼ¸ء
ʵȥµģһͨǰӰӶûˣ뵽˵Ϊֹ̣Ӧ˾ĸĻûһǻӵģ
³Խ˵£æ˿Ǳߴ˴գʲô
ԥһ̵˵£뿪ֵˡ𣿡
³Խһ漴Ⱦһ˿Ц
Цʲôѽ˵ء
³Խеʱʹ㣬㻹ǵô˵𣿡
һ㶣ϸϸʱһڷ뷨
ʱſֻһǮȥֵѽ
أ
æ³ԽѴͷ˱ˣ㿴ŶϻһٶᣬҾãҲ๻˰ɣ
³Խÿ뿪ҪǻǺŸǹˣҪǻȥǲС
£ȷģֻ

Σ³ԽȻڣڵĶеСĲ㣬ڻԸӵĻǾһ
ô˵ЩԾˡ
ԡô𣿡
³Խӿе󣬵ھ¥Ҳǲģ㲻Ȱѷٿһ
Ȼˡ
ôû뵽ء
Щһֱںķֵֵ꣬˼άЩ̻ˣ³ԽôһģȻéٿ԰Ϊʲôأ
³Խ¸¿ʼ׼ĻǰЩţҪʼޣ¾͸պãҲò
¡ǱԲݸոտһ꣬ЦˣãǾ󣬹ޣ𣿡
³ԽҲͷǼİɣ⿴Ǻܺãһ̽ţһء
ЦãǰʱҲ˵оⲻء
³Խͷ֪ˣ˯ɡ

գͰƻ뷨ѿ˵ˣҲǿġ㣬޲õȥǱߵЦסա
Ҿ̫ˣǷҪˣɩӣҪ˵սѷ¥ѹȥ⣡
¥ϻشѾ磬ζȷһ㡭
ЦЦ֪أһһɣ
³ԽڶҲ뷨³̫̫ˣ³̫̫֮ҲʾͬǿŰǣֻչ˺հϺȡ
ڣǴæ
³̫̫˰֣ȻϿһۣˣ򿪿ɡ
³Խæţ򿪿ˡ
˵ܹҪȥϣҪ뿪һ󣬲ˡ
³̫̫֪̾ˡ
³ԽţĬƬ̣Ҫ֮ǰҽһ۰ɣҲԶ
˰ɣһ뿼ŻΪңҲΪѿ⺢Ӻһ˾ͺͳ˳һ˭ȰҲزͷһ˴ǣ꿪ķݺˣҲͻˡ
³Խͷ껹Ǹҹ꣬ҲڣҲֵͦġ
ᵽɣ³̫̫һ˿ǳ˵߶߶ģþòˣп񣬿ڸʲôáҰ⺢Ӽֱƭˡ
³Խͷ֪ˡ
ȥæɣҪհȥԿԹԣ
³Խȥɣļհԡ
úúãȥȥһУǲǰհһڡ

˵ԼҲׯˡ
ɶǲſû𣿣
˭֪˵ǵʲôˣԶù˴뱲ˣΪתأ˭ֿ֪ʼùˡ
˭ˣ
զ֪Ǹʲôү˵
ԼҵĲϳ⣬ǲׯֱӱٸ鳭ˡ
üһδŰ
෹󣬰ǶϲһЩ¡
³̫̫ǴϿϢģ³ܣٲȻѾ³̫̫˺ѣһŹһߵԼҺйڵİɣҼǵ֮ǰͺһصںˣǶж񱨡
˵ǸϢ³̫̫ȴǰ˲
úõĲׯ˵ûûˣҲûʵɶԭ
ϣӴǹٸǱߵ˭ֻ֪֪Լ˸ļҹٷ뻹ɶģǹٷ˸ˣ˵С𣿲Ҳе˵Զ˾·ϵˣ˼Ǻˣ˵ɶĶУ۾֡
³̫̫صģأأ
ץˣǸϱڹٸǰԩء
³̫̫ŶһϿʱ䰥ѽһˣ˰ɩɩ´
ãߡ
ߺ³̫̫ԽԽòԾҲ׼ȥ˭߳Ժţ˼ҴҸϻ³ɡ

³ϲɫȻǸոոϻģ˵Լӳˣ
³̫̫װ֪ʣɶˣ
֮ǰùٸںˣԼˣٸҪѾصˣǴ˵еĲǲʱδ԰ɣ
³̫̫˸ЦǣûģǿɲҪⱨӦ
³Ц춼ϲ£ˣҾȷˣǸӵĵλõȷãţ߶Ǽҵ⣬ô
³̫̫кȻ
ӣˣ
þ˰³²ģɻŶŵľ˵ǸҴµһ춢Ƿˣ
ȻӸ̲
³һӦ£ԣ
Ȼ³̫̫ɫͱˡ
ɣҽ
³һ㶣ȻʲôƢȥˡ
Ƭ̺󡭡
ɲôԩҰ¶˵ҿûй⺦Լܣ
³³̫̫ɣͼˣ³̫̫һƶӣһ飺ĺ޹أ
޹أ³ɹظһ顣
á³̫̫ͷﲻԡǴɰҪмǣǣǿɲͬǸԶ⣬ǧ򣬲ܶ˵ģ𣿡
³ɫ˲Ļ㱣ŵİɣҲģȻԶϷƭҲ򲻵³ɣ͵ſɣҰԼҵһɣĳɹһ
³̫̫˰֣һʲôӴڻھͺܺˣɰԼú⣬̤̤ʵ
ʵģɶá
³Ĩ˰֪ˣ


65 Ѿ
ԼҲׯ, ³ɹձԼҵӸˡһ˲һٹᣬ۸ʵǱ˵ͷˡ
ܿ, ³ϲׯ㿪һҷֵ, ³ֱ˰ƻԼģĲȫˣΪý, һһҹ۵꣬۵ЩȫϵȻƷȻ۸ҲҪһЩ
Τ֪ºҲǿĲ, Ͳ³, Ҳ߸, ӴŲ㣬ȷʵǱȻŴѾʱɫ˲١
ɡ¶£
զˣ
ΤЦеģ㲻˵˸Ҵ, ɶʱ򣿡
³һ㶣Цˣ֪أİɣϴǸհԼӸͷҲ΢еš
ΤˣЦЦţ֪, ԺҲ, ϶׬Ǯ
ôң
ΤϣҲ˭ѽҿϵĽ, һĽ, Ҳ, ֿˡ
³һнˣ
ţ㲻֪հµʱҿˡ
³ɳһ, 򣡶, һڼңæĹ𣿡
Τϣаɡ·ٴһĻҲЩˡ
³룬ǸҰָסˣһͷѾ߰ɡ
Τ˲ۣѾߣ
šڷּˣָŶסûչ㣬Ѿ߻չ㡣
³˵꣬ΤϾϲᶼˣɣã
³ЦЦѾ߹ʹѡֽĸ㿴ʲôɾˡ
Τ˷ܵͷİɴɣֻܺú׬Ǯһжңһú̥չ˺ôѾ
³ɵ˵ͷЦųˡ
³ߺΤϻСѾߡѾߡҲҪѾߵˣΤϲϵĳ룬ھ͸Ѿߣǲٹһܸ꣬¥ˣҲ˸ַ̫̫ſڵģжŮϥ
ΤԽԽЦһʱڿϣŴѾŵġ

³ɵĶܿ죬û죬ԺﵱһüĿСѾߣСѾǸһһģһžЦźΤϴк
Ӱɣ³ģ͸СѾţƣ
ΤϻûôйһʱЩģЦŵ˵ͷ߾ŲСˡ
ǰС￴ԻЩģ·һܴΤ´ۣˣ
ӣʮˡ
Τϣʲôѽ

ΤϿţǲ̫Щܸɶѽ
ЦӿɱСѾͷǴģŰСϴУҲʵġǵһ Ѿ߰ɣŵѾ߿ɲڷģҵ˼ɣ
Τһ
㶣кȻһ˿ŹָУʲô˼ɵֿ˿ʣϴ𣿡
ӣӣϸ˼Ҳĸչ˵ġ
ǻУΤϵ˵ͷţ๫𣿡
һ㶣ҡҡͷûУҹ˾˵˸ŵҪҾ͸Ѱˡ
ΤһУü쿴ɡ
ЦˣɣҾˣ˸ˡ
ǮΤϼҪߣæʵ
Ӵҹ˶ˣҪǮ
ΤϿ֣ɡ
߽ͷ
̧ͷҿϻ˼ңɻѽ
̧ͷƽƽɫԻƣΤʻʵش𣺡ڳһԱҡ
Ϊɶûˣ
Ա˽ҪȥˣҺͼصĽþˡ
ΤϣǱˣ
Ҳ㣬ڳأ뾩кüʮ
ǸطΤ֪ģȷʵԶ˵ܶ඼ңȥѾߵҲࡣ
Τϵ˵ͷУȻҾͺ㽲ҼҾҺʹˣڻ߸ˣҪչҾУڸţڵĸҶһӣûʲôµʱԺܣ𣿡
ͷ׵ģӡ
УھȥϴˣȻ׼緹ɡ
ܿͷ¶ɻȥˣΤһԺɹ̫һ߹۲šѾҪסҵģǴסıȽϺأԺǲܵģǰԺܣֻȥԺԺ᷿ڣʺΤ룬ö⡣
ٿȻ˵ɻǸģûĹͰԺѶϴɾˣҲȫɹȿ쵽ʱΤʲôʼ׼緹ˡ
һ磬ΤϵʲôҲûɡ
ȫû֮ǰչʱҲЩģڣ徻ˣ֮ǰˣΤбˡ
ܿ죬³̫̫ʱ;Ծˡ
ӣҲŮ֪Τһ·ִˣԤ֣˭žͿһСңæǰæġ
˭³̫̫ɵ˾䡣
ҲǸģǴӸģ̫̫æȥˣ˵Լݡ
ɶѾߣ³̫̫ŵòûˤһӣæǰסΤҲ߳ˡ
զˣΤЦеģæ³̫̫ӭ˽ȥ³̫̫İζûӦݺŻعɶѾߣ˭
Τæ𼤶ѽ˵Τһ³̫̫˱ˮһ³̫̫˵ˣ³̫̫һʼľűɾȣΤ˵꣬ȴֳĬˡ
ϴ⣬⣿³̫̫ʣ
Τһ㶣Ǵɵ⣬ǿһˣû˴ֵġš
ɶû˴֣ŶҲˣòˣѿˣɶɲæģſںһɤӣǻװ𣿣
ΤϣҲǸ˼ڲǷּҲ˼鷳õѽ
³̫̫üͷ˰֣ҵĸүⶼʲô°أأ
һͳȥˡ
³̫̫ĴȾվˣȥСĻȥˣ³ûѾߵɣϽߣ
Τû뵽³̫̫ôƢһʱҲסˣ޴վԺУһ³̫̫һΤϵġ
³̫̫Լ˵һҧĻԼԺ˿ѿԺｽˣһĻҲæȥͨ籨ˡ
˵֮ҲǴһû³ԽҲ֪ˡ
˸ϻʱ³̫̫ѾϿˣĳ̾ģ³Խ֪ǰüȥҴ硣
³ɻؼҵʱ򻹻𼱻ǵģզɶ°ǻҪĵء
ؼ֮һ˵Ĵȣȥˡ
˵ﰡΪ¶أΪС𣿣
С£С𣡡³̫̫ľʹӿˣָ³ɱӾһٳ
Ʈ˻Ƿˣ˰
ýַھ֪Ѿô㣬ǲǶҪЦ³ң
³ɱͷһҲˣǲˣǻŶӲ㣬ˣѾչⲻǺ𣿡
ĸ³̫̫ȻͷˣԼ
˵ﻹѿڸסţǷ˼ңԼչϱУŵһץһѣ㲻룬ʲôѾ߻Ƕˣˡ
³ҲＫˣҵﰡ㶼ĶȥˣˣҺ˵ͨ
˵ͨǰɣ˵ͨԶԶģҿ㣬ñ˼֪Ҷӣ³̫̫δôƢ潫ֱܿģѰĶȫһң³ˣ㣬ͱҵͷϣͼ˺졣
һֱԺΤҲæ飺ɰҡôִء
³̫̫Ĺһҹҿǣɣҹţ
³ҲЩŤˣҲ˵ʲôΤϾͳȥţ³̫̫˶˻һʱ䣬˭ҲТӣͱҲˣ
³ߺߵĴΤϻؼˣΤϼͷѪֱҲۻˣæҪȥҩ飬һȥѶ˹
ֱǲ³ʮֲ⣺ҾԼϱѾôˣôͳʮˣ
Τϣˣֻǹ˿ӣһʱû
ͨˣͨˣͲˡ
Τϻ䣬³ԽߵԺſڣ硣
³̧ͷ۵ܵܣҲѵҵģ
³Խҡҡͷֻм仰ʹ˵
³վߵԺ⣬ΤϵĽǶȿȥ³ԽƺվԺ˵˺þã³һʼҲԲͷ侲üͷҲչ˲١
˵Ļϣȥܺú룬Ȼȥˡ³Խ˵ˣ³һվſãΤ̲סˣɡ
³Żع»صԺڡ
˵ɶˣΤϺ漫ˡ
³û˵ʲôȿһֱԱվŵ´˺üۣ̾ĻˣȻȥɡ
ΤͬʱסΤæҪˣԺ󡭡
³ɰ˰֣ԺأϹȥֻǰ֣Ͳסˡ
Τģ֪룬Τ̾ҲаɣǶܺ˵ǰɡ
³ɵ˵ͷ˵Ҳʱɡ³ֿĹǮһһ㿴в
˿ֿ˿ΤϣԥƬ̣˵ͷ

ҹĻ٣ΤϷŶɻ˴ϣ̾
һǲ⣬Ϊɶ뷨ôת䲻أ˵Ժۼҷˣ˲ﲻҲѲɣǼҵũһӣԿƵġ
³Ҳ̾ǾϹȥۼΧʵͽˣûѾߵģһʱܲ顣
˵ˣҪ˵ǼҾǵѡطѡĲԣҪסھǲǺũһʱլӶ˰ֲͿͶҲһĺͿ
˵ЩʲôáҲ˷ҲˣѾ߸ˣɣ˯
ΤЦеģֽҲĲҪ˵ȵĲϡ
³ɷӦ
ţ㲻ְ֪
֪³ɷ˸ùˡ
ΤЦеģˣʵסҲͦõģŵĻˣɫõѾ߷ڼҲǸĻߣʹɻ棬ͦá

ͣˣ³ԽǱߵĵȴŵģҲͦģ̲ס³Խʹ˵ɶˣ
³ԽհѶӺ˯תͷ
ʵҲûʲô˵Щʵ֪飬Ȼ˸еķӡ
ʲôӣ
³Խôǹסңߡ
һ˵ķӣΪȰǹء
ĳҲǺܽ飬³ԽæͣһʼȰˣǴ˵С
УʵЩ벻ͨΪ
ɶأ
³ԽԥƬ̣˵ˡ
˵һѽܵģò˼ҵӡ
ۣ˺ðΡ
ʲô˼
³ԽʶһԱ⣬ӦǺ;ĸүеϵ꣬ͨҲЩϵ֪һЩϢǸĵɣϢ֪Ҳ硣Ա˵˴˵Ѿ߹
Ĭˡ
ɩ֪𣿡
Ҳ
˵ʲô˼ʲôã͸Ѿߡ
³ԽҲüʹ磬˵ֻһЩϵӦҷģҴҲӦߡ
ԽԽ»£Ҿûǳո´ɩȽϺðɡ
³ԽĬˣԼ˵ҲĬˡ
ȷôأǴɩͦ˵ӡ
ˡ³Խ§˻أῴŵģȻӲۿųɶµģİɡ
һѣܾôˣԴǴαϷƭַ֮˼ңƺǼɼ
³Խ§ˣҲȫǰɣҲΣǲǳ˴ѾɩҪˡ
һƬ̺ƵĴ³Խ̧ͷֱֱĿ
ôˣ
ȻһЦȻʣԺ󷢴ˣ᲻Ҳ
ﻰû˵꣬³Խһ𣬲˼Ŀָ𾪣ﶼһʶԼЩɣЦŵҾʡ
ء
˵꣬³ԽȻס죬ȵĺһ˿˿ŭûиִϢĻᣬԵǿƣﶼ֪ľ仰ôķӦ촽Щʹˣ³ԽſŹ
Ļ˵³ԽصĴзŭίĿҪȥ
ҲˣĲ.ôѽ
ֻһġ³ԽȵĶܲ񣬾һᶨĴ󹷹
ЦȴСҲЦ
³ԽֵﲻЦ
ҲסˣһЦ˳
ۡ
-
ÿϳʱ³ңϴιιѼɹӴɨżܰΤϴѾ
Τ϶СѾߵʮֵ⣬Խڼҹӣ³̫̫ҲҲþûȥˡ
Τв⣬ֻӣת۾ҪˣŶּ֪Ҷһ꣬ȥʱ۵ùǺҲˡ
Τÿ帣³ԽȴԽæµһ£ǸǷݺ̶Ҫæת
ȥ£
ķݻû֪Էݶζʲôȴʵʵһѡ³вٵԤˡ
⡢Ѽ㣬ЩƽʱԼͻ˵Ķ˵Ԥƽվõ±±ˡ
һϹ˿͵ĵӣɻȥһͳƲŷ֣˵ľ㹻æˣûжģЩǲ٣³ԽҲûʣˡ
³Խ˵󣬰οǮ׬ģУȰ˵˰ɣʣµԵ
﷢ɾЩ˵ģҲкüٽۼ𣿡
³ԽˬЦ¡
ҲЦˣǳɣ
³Խ仰ˡ꣬ҲԷſֽŴ׬һʡ


66 һ
ǰ, ³ԽҲʼջʱڡ
ʱ³Խ޽һ׳ֱ˴彫ɱ˵, ʡʱʡ
³ԽɱԽ, һͷֻҲǸ˵Ļ, ͷʪ͸, Ȼһ, ̸Բݡ
ҲԽæµķѿѾѧˣֽ֮ǰ˵һԲݺԺÿնƼһϹŵһ, ҶƤѬ̲סż̽һЩԤ˵˵ζѾһʱźҡҡͷ
ЦŵɩϽɣСԺ, ޴½ˣ
ҲεЦ, ɲֹ˵ô򵥣ȳ͵ӣһ, æù˵õСʹӵˡ
չ磬һͷ, ͷ, ɶˡ
￴˿û³Խ, æͣԽ绹⼸ԽۻˣҲѻһϣû
ЩۣˣæȥҨһ࣬ԼҲʼȥ³Խ׼緹ǸæøɰͰ͵ͷԼ
ǽԲݵĳʳҲУ˽һ춼Գ࣬õֳ㣬ϷḻͼһҲǼҼһÿ굽˽ڱسԵʳʹʹĺһ룬ЦŸ˸ʳУ鷳Ҹȥѽ
˲Цİɩӣҿ϶ලҸ꣡
Цлˡ
ʳˣæµ֮У³Խֻһദʱ䣬Ǻܿ˯С
æأҲҪ뼸˲С
³Խ򿪳ķУԭûôʶȻθڣķôһ࣬ڵĴӣһʱߺһС⣬㹻³ԽԵĺˡڴڵĳŷҲĥŵæ꣬ҪúôϢһ¡
һֱʮ죬±ʱʲôҲʣˣЩǿϣܳаϼҹЦˡ
Ǯû׬ʱ򣬴ǰҲҪ׬ǮڵˣôۣЩǮ׬ҲգЦŷԼĵãӴҶۻˣЦŰ֮ǰõ˳
һһݣУ
˻ˣһһȣ⣬㣬кü㳦أ
ѿæ֣ҾͲ˰ɣҲסڽҡ
ЦҲǣǡ룬ְǰ˰ĺ˳ѿĺЩҸ۳ͭǮʲôʲô
ѿһҲ˼ҡ
ѽžǣѿȻҲһݡ
ǹǮ֮ģæһˣ
ô࣬ô˵ҲҪúùǧԼЩ֮֬ģ֪˲
˶жĵ˵ͷ㣬ĵɩӣ㶼֪жж۷ݰæһֱǷݸȥ
ѿҲæһң
̲סЦúúãǷģֻҪԲݿһ죬һٲˣ˰ɣ
˶һۣĵЦˡ

¶ʮţͦů͵ģȥĶëѩůĶԺůڵġԪԲڼȦϴ˸Ƿİ˰β͡
ӴڣɲҰ³̫̫ԺЬ棬ԭСľҡڰڵհȻͷվҪµأɰ̸Żˡ
հѾһ£ѧ·ʱǰԼѾܷСľϣɲҴˡ
³̫̫æЬȥհľǸոջߥԪСèһ¾ͳ嵽հϣֱлհ˼ΪԪԼ棬ǿĲѣҪץ
³̫̫һѰѴӸԹŶɲŶһˤˡ
ͬʱ³Խոջһ߽ԺհֳҪ
³ԽֿЦˣ³̫̫˵ţݺݵصûĵС֪ҪҲûôףմĺܣȥ
հҪ³Խǰգ³ԽְѶӱ˹ϴɾˣǲհ
ţհͷ§³ԽĲӣֿʼ󣺡
ţհ

³̫̫ЦˣҾ˵հһ͵㱧أԭǵ
³Խÿ˿նöϣڿϷհ񫣬ÿ춼ڵš
³ԽЦˣɾͰѶӼڲϣȰհٸ߸ߣŶ
հԼĵĲϣĵľָʿĽʿסĸ¸Цţˣͣ

˵ϿɲģհϲյﻳôҲ𤲻ЦŰѶӱ³̫̫ʣݶæ˰ɣȥˣ
ЦȥڼԼˣҲȥˡ
³̫̫ЦãһˣҲûʲôͣҲԼڼԵУ̫ˣ֪˲
áЦ֪

ҹĻ٣³Խˮȥϴæµһ꣬ʹʹϴ˸ˮ裬׼źȻ֨һˣ³Խ˽
ѽһ
ôˣ
³Խޱ飺ˮ
һ죺ҪˣҶϴˡ
³Խãϴ
˵
Ϳʼˡ
˲˸͸ȻϻһУʱ³ԽƺЩδ˼æˣ
æתȥüϵѣѾˮ.ƿס³Խ˲Щ.£
˺þûȣһȼ
Ҳˣܶ¶ȻĬﻹûüڣ˵ļ͡
ˡ
ȥˣձһĳϦҲֻԼģȫȫķɡ

ǡ
˯ǰëϻһᡣ
ʲôɣҲˣƽջҪۣ
۵˶ģ³Խ˺þãŰ˸˯ˡ˯֮³Խĵ
Ҳæһ죬ҲЩƣˣȴָȣѾ״ɨ˸ɾԺԺⶼʰһ顣ЩѾʱˣ³Խе£ﴽ
һϦˣ꣬ﻹǻߡ

ǱߣΤϵ˺þ³ɲŻһżʵ͹ˣôô
³ɣû취Ӧ
Τϣ㣬꣬ȥǱ߲
³ɱΤôһʣȻ㶣ȥȥǱء
Դ֮ǶģҲܹȥأÿζƨɣ³æ쾹Ȼ鶼ˡ
𣿡
Τϵˣǿ϶Ǻˣûû˵꣬Ժſںȥˡƺǹȥ
³ڴĨ˰ǲֲ⣬Ҫȥģܽ궼ˣҪٲȥ𣿡
ΤС죺ֲǲԸȥﶼôˡ
³ɣ˵ģӣҲܹ𣬰æ𣿡
Τϣͦģڣʡ¶ˡ
ǲͶˣȥ˵˵ɣˣȥ϶ǲܵġŶˣ𣿡
Τһ㶣ҡҡͷ
³̾ôҲǶˣҲ֪ɶģ
ΤƲƲ죬ΪȻĹǮึһˣôͻҪˡ
㡭³ôһ˲ĺΤϼЩˣ֪ˣٸˣ˰ɣ
³üͷһ춼ǰɡ
ΤϣţǸҲ˵˵ģǹ
³ɣУ֪ˣ꣬ѸЩ׼˰ɡ
Τϣ׼˷İɣĴֶӣ׼ˡ
³ɵ˵ͷǸϽ˯ɣ컹Ҫȥء

ҸרĲ㲻ǰͲ𣿳
ҲׯõеĲϣֱӸƥÿĻɫȥѣ³Цеİеﶼ³̫ǰ
³̫̫ޱŹӣӣһҲûǱ߿³ЩΣΤϣΤǰЦѾһأСѾͷںҶôףͺף
³̫̫⻰һ
ǣѾƽʱҲôҿСѾͷڸ
Τһҭⲻ·ݴˡڴѾǿ·ˣеʱһмܲס
³̫̫û˵ˣֵ³ˣ̥ҶˣҪǶӣ³˳զ˳˳ġ
³̫̫һۣҪŮأ
³һ㶣ΤҲһ㶡
˺Ķû˼⣬³һһͽ³զ
³̫̫û˵
εϾͱˣ˿ˣѿȻ˽³ԽҲʼˡ
³̫̫ûˣڣ³Էɡ
³ɺΤˡ³ҵ극ɵķʢȣѼȫ³ɿһ۾Цˣһ갡̫æˣûԵεķ
ЦЦ̫æˣǷݲ춼ʱ
³ɣǣһȥˣ껪Ӳ㣬ˣ찡ҶŪʲôǱߵз㣬ҲԵһģ
³̫̫ԷզôأҾͰԶзʲôóԵģ鷳Ҫôһ㡭
³Ц˵ǡ
ȫһ³̫̫ųžЩ˸ˣҲ֪ĶأôӵæҪ뿪ء
³Խǰȥˣ˵ǲԶ;ϣʮǰͻˡ
ҵŶ
³̫̫Сӣĵĸհ˸ȣָָ̣հһ¾Ͷˣ̣
̣
󷽵İϵļȳ̵ݣ³̫̫˲ЦˣӴҵĸԹԣҵĴ̰
һӣղŵ˸оûˣ־Ͱհϣһڡ
³ԽһЦˣΤҲԼŮѾȻԣǿûôˡ
-
ҹҪҹȥհûã³Խ᲻ۣͰ˺˯ˣȴ֣ϴ֮˷հ³ԽڿĿţհַˣסСĴ³Խı·Ƶġ
ЦˣհҲûô֪ġ
³ԽЦֱͣӣ³ԽЦţһҴϽ֣·ͼסˡ
ҵհһڶӵհЦеģҲһڡ
һ˿³ԽѵõһƳ
Ҫȵ𣿡
ܺȾƣЦŵ˵ͷ֮ǰ𣿡
š
ѳʱ³Խɽժ˲ٻȫ˶Բ꣬˾ƣɫĹƴŨһڣûа׾Ƶѵ㴼
úȡһСҲˮġֳſ³Խڶ濴
ʲôܲȵƫ˵Ļֱףÿ
۲ˮεεĵһְۣ˱˹
һ굽ͷˣ컹һشĹûɡһ֧
ˣǵӦ֣һֵС̴ž죬ܿͽһ֧Ĳˡ
ݽ˿ٹˣȥ֮ǰӵǮĻѺͽˡ̡һһ죬ʵЩĿ³Խﶼֻǿǰ̵Ӹˣһʱɵؿˡ
۵СͱĴٱҲƵġ
Һ˵أѽ
ﺰ飬³Խ͵ػعʲô
ʲôأҶˡ
㡣

ˣ˭֪³ԽЦŴӶͳӣʱĴ𣺡㣡ʲôˣ³Խȥ˸ӣɲֿһ
³ԽЦŴ򿪣ãǣһССıƽɺӣ֬
ﾪϲ˹һ֬ǲʲôǮģ۾״ϲˣʲôʱģ
ͽ졣³Խüԣɫϲϲ
Ҷϴѽˡ򿪣еǾޱ죬³Խȴֵԣһȥˮϴ
ֲҲȷԿɫ³Խ˾ӣѵͿ
³ԽȻֻеõķݶֱִֻģմһæ˹ˣ֮һˣЦĿ֣ˣ
³ԽԭĵطרĿͿ֬
ÿ𣿡
ЩߣôԼһʱ䶼Щҿ³Խ۾³Խ۵Сƣһʱ侹֪ߵģ֬Ⱦġ
ÿ
챿ںҲӼˣӾ͸ſȥûļ㣬ͱ˲᲻صҧһڡ
ÿȥһп֬
Ҫˡҧ֪ԼĴʹɫҪ֬³ԽҲֱֱĶĴ˲ߢ
ԣʣȷá
һ̲ˮ֪˭ϴϴ֬飬С֬ûüϣôϾĸһϡ
ںʱʱֺʱģһŲ֪ڶʱӦá


67 
ǰ, Բſھ˸ʾ֪ͨЪҵ£ʮ֮󷹹šһЩļҲ볢Ϥζ, ſڵĸʾ, źˡ
ԱߵǼ굱ֻףǰǼƹǩתԼ, ӣֻһٶ, ټ, ٹҪġ
Ϧóֲİٶᣬ³ԽȥһŬɹҪȥһ룬˵ǲСѹ, ³ԽȴǴ£ǮǱҪĿ֧
룬ȷҲʮһ, ԭȸ³ҸɻȺˣʮ׼ʱ͵Բݡ
, һ¥ҲǼӸ㣬³ԽԼ๤, Щ˶³ҵˣͨ˳, ʱ, ҲڿϢϢˡ
ÿڼհ, ˷ȥ³ԽͶٷհ·ѾȵˣԺԪһ³̫̫һܵǱȥˡ
ΤϵĶԽˣۿԽԽѾҲһֱڶԺ³̫̫һտŮһʣϱĸҲ˰ɡ
ԺѣЦˣȴɩһ¡
Ҳȥ֪ĸǱæù
˵ͷӦһȷҲģǰҪȥģһֱҲ鲻ֻ˵ˮ壬ĸĻ϶Ҫȥġ
˵³̫̫̲סǱ߿һۣƲƲ죺ʱɩǸ˾ʱ־ˡ
Ҳ˳Լŵһۣԥһʣ˵飿
³̫̫ҲһۣҲˣ
û𻰣ǵ˵
֪³̫̫˰֡
ǴЩѵ
ҿҲͦʵģôЩֻǱֵĸɺԼ顣
³̫̫ЦˣǲȻΪʲô£
һʱԣȻĿһ
³̫̫Цĸˣϱ㻹̫ˣ˵˵ǼңϴǸʲô߹ʲô𣿲ǽ΢һǮύһЩԵĺѣЩѲɻɴһģʲô˰
³̫̫Ļֱףһʱûع
޷Ǿ̽̽ӰˣѾͷ϶ǸѾߣɣǿмＸ˳ٵø飬Ҫһ˼أ͵ĿˣûУ͸Ѿߴ֣ҲûǱôŶ
üͷôء
³̫̫ЦһҪôкءƤӵˣЩУˣЩӣҿѾͷֽҲ㱾֣ˣȵϱ֮󣬿ôʰТӣ
˵ףϻΤܴ̼Ҳ³̫̫ŵòᣬǵŮӲôá

оŻб˵ˣⲻ³̫̫˵ԺſںȻʹһϷˡ
³̫̫ȫһ
һͷͿЩӵվſڣϷˣ˵Ը飬ûС
飿
³̫̫һôϽⸯǶѵõĶ𣿣
³̫̫ĸɤҲŵˣС˵Բݵġ
³̫̫ˡ
Τˣĸ飬Ҫˡ
תȥɩһƿ̫̫ȴüͷʣôö˶˵Ըˣ
⼸˵еˣøࡣ
³̵̫̫֮ЦˣǺӹˣⶼԷˣ
֪˵ʲôֻǵѸݸʱлЦЦ
³̫̫˰ùЩ飬ԼԪء

գŶ³ԽˮˣŷݵɵڽţҲѵõС
հһ·վţϳ⿴˷ˡ
һ´ĺӣѧʲôܿ졣ɽڳԲݣָ˵򡣡
հ򡣡
ظ˼飬հһֱûڣֱ쵽ˮֿһȺʱȻཱུСָһָ

³Խ˵
漴³Խ̲סЦ
հ˵ûôޣѡɡְѡ򡱺ɡֱ˿Цá
³ԽЦ̲ס첲һѣ㻹Ц
³ԽһҡҡͷЦˡžͰѶӱḶ̌С򡣡
հҧָͷƺԥ˰ΣѧˣС򡭡
ԣհ
䣬հЦˣ³ԽͷҲЦֵ˵ˣţһ̣ͲŪˡ
ԣǸģҲ̡ЦĺЦһžͳżСԺȥ³ԽæϣСհˣһ㡣
հҲ֪ûУֻѾѾģҪ˵ʲô
ˡϺͶŹ´Ժ߳ӭæĸСġ
ϵĶѾܴ·ʱҪ
û£ڻУܴ˵ҪµضأûҪôšЦŵ
ͷģհʱܴҲ˵Ҳţ˶ʱ
ѽհôˣ·ˣ
հ³ԽհĵĻڶżԺˣ³Խֻ߻š
˺հתͷҲЦֻڻẰү;ţֻٺٺٵģϳˡ
հǵþѽϿҲ̲סЦհ
ôԵСޣ˭˭ϲ
ش˲ٵĶһ߿æһҡͷȥһǰۻ˰ɣǷǼұ˵ҲҪȥæģͷҪ鷳㡣
Цĸ˵ﻰհʱ㲻Ҳչ𣿡
ЦеĿڳæѽôණʲôڼͲȱˣЩҲûгꡣ
ԣӵʱһҪúòһġ
˵ӣ̲סӵʱҡ
֪Ҫ˵ʲôæ˰֣ӵͲòˣ˾ѾһӣǴ壬Ҳ㣬
˵ͷˣҵÿվ
Цŵ˵ͷ
ŶˣǸɩҲ˰ɣûʹɣ
ûɩڼ˸Ѿߣû鷳ҡ
Ѿߣ
ﻰ䣬ϺͶŹ¶סˡ
ҵĸүɶȻѾߣ
ɫЩΣڽ䣺Ӳɡ
ƲƲ죬֪ܶﲻ˵ˡ
Ӳ룿ӽһץһѣѾߡټİɡ
˻⣬ֻѰСѸȡ˳ĸⶼģǲ֪Ůӿ϶Ƕܴ
ϿĵĽӹ鷳
һţȴûѸղ·£Ů˭ǰ԰ĵģһҪúȥϣ֪֪è塣
-
ع꣬³ɳһڼҴţȵʱֳżӦȥˣòѵõڰվͻԼҡ
һţͿԺϴѣСѾͷģ¸첲ϸƺһ۾۶ϣ³۾ŷӦǰ˭ʱֺ˵ƣһʱͷ֣


68 
һ, ܣȻʣң
ԣ㡣Ժû, ѵẰ
еĶ, ̵ĳȥˡ³ɿЩӡѾ, ȷǳԬġ˵һ, û̼ͺö, ϺõĽСͭǮҪɣֳɣǶʵʵĶǻغȾƣھ˵ԼҵͱԬסˣ˵ʲôԼѾһ, ³Ǿͷû⣬˾ͱˡ
Ԭʲô˼ǸҲס³ɻûĵ, ´һʣģ
˵ͷ
𣿡
һ, 漴ͷСӳˡ
³ʣ˶٣
˵
³һ˵ˣɶ
һһġ
С, ³ȴ·һףɶ
һģ
³ɵˣ޲Ҹطȥ֪, ̼ҹ˰, ϱ, ͦΪģ
ɫ΢䣬æͣˡƽʱɾҲ࣬Ҳסҵģ̫࡭
³ɰ˰֣˵ˡԽ˵Խ޵ݡҪóԬ֪ˣָôڱЦ
³룬Ӻɰȡֱȡ˼ӣݸŰɡ
һæ֣治ãɾҡ
þš³üͷǰʹͲӦþܾԥһ£˫֣ǺüӾ䵽ˡ
ĻɵĲдѾҲչ˵ĺãȥԼ㶫ɡ
лɾ
³һŷӦĳƺɾ
ûôйء
ɾɾ
³ɲɵƮƮȻģţһȻ˽εˣʱһ鷴Ӧ˹
ֻΤںһɡ
³ɷɿӦһȻͽȥˡ
·ʱŲһ٣࿴ۣСﴹŽëҿҲ֪롣³ɵһ䣺Ͻպãȥ档
æĵ˵ͷǼӸװɰˡҲ߽
Τϸղ˯˿۾˿ôʱ 
ûɶ֣Ъš
ΤϿԺ⣬Щ˾䣺տˣ˵ɶˣ
³ʲôҲûɣȴûЩĻţڴ˾䣺ҶûԱ棡
Τһŷġ
ٺȾŶӺȾƶܰջģһԵ
š³ǰԭѵΤϸһ£һ仰˵Ҳ֪զģɶ
һ³ɾ¶ƪڿϿ˹ӡ
ǹ뵽ղŵˣһʱǺţ͵ؿ˺üΤһæ˱ˮզ°ԸӶǺţ
³ɺȿˮ˹ǹһƣְѺɰʣµӸΤϣСɡ
Τϴһˡ
ɲСǮš֪һЩ˼һӽӴ˵ģСȻСͲסϸ¾£ΤϺϲһЦеĿԼˣá
³Ц
Ҳһˣؾصķϣɾá
ƺ
³˵ͷӿʼˡ
³ɳԷĿյΤϺȻǱ߿ʼ޵ˣ֪
³ͷҲ̧֪ܲô󶯾ˡ˵ҪѷݼӸ㣬ڵҲչˡ
Τһôء
³̲סϿǸʲôҲҵˣƬⶼۼҵġ
ΤƳһۣɰҪ־ҵ꣬Ҳҵ갡Ƿݣ͵ǵһ˵ģɵ㻹ûȥɣпˣҲȥѽ
³ˣˣǾͻԷʱ£ڰ꣬ͷĲ⣺ϽϹȥӣ
Τһӣʱ˵ɶˣҪŹˣģҿҪʵĵѽĵױ񣡡
İɣֲ˲죬ֳԺﺰܿ죬ͰѷˡΤϾ棬³Ҳҿֻϧ˷ʱ򲻿ɱҪ֣ϸ³ǰһ˲ôϸôף³ɲƣôöôصˮͰģ

Բݵ޽ȲУ³Խ뷨ǰͺѾͨˣǺӴ̨Ҳζţ⿿㣬Ǿæġ
·ڷݿҵ֮ǰҪȷÿ˵ְҲҪֿʼˡ
ȾǳʦԼһڵĳҲһٻҪѿ˵ıºͼ˵û˱ȵùѿԺפڹ̨ûɶġ
Сϴ빤ЩңֽС˺ӾСѾڳӣӵտɹغⷹݵǰ Ҫȥյġ
ôﻹû˼쵽ˣҪȥͷ
չ꣬ʵǳԵеˣ³ԽǸý͵ģǸһ׷Ҳȫꡣﲻֻ׷ģʣ׷Ȼ࣬ڼ˼ʵĴ󼦵׼Լ
ɢɫĵҺͰװ׵һ¾ܷķӦۺһžмСҪʳģ򵥵ķζܱ⿳ﻹһЩȶ㣬ʱ
һѴ̵Ĵл
ڵĵʢŽƵĵڴ㣬õͣɢ˵ݵĻȰһ׷죬˾׽ܿϼ֣޲ÿҨһס
˵װһСһСݲˣ³ԽϲЩСȻҲûǸװһȡ˱ϾǸɻ࣬ⲻС
װʳУ׼ȥˡŵ·ѾϤĲϤˣΧ̯ҲͺһƬﶼЦŴк
ȥͷѽ
ķɶʱ¿ҵ
Ӵ˾˼ҵ㻹ģʵŶ
ҲһһЦŻӦΪܸɣɷ˼׬Ǯܶ˶ڱĽˡ
ɩˣ
ۼ⣬ԶԶĿͳ溰һ³Խϣתͷ⡣
Цеİʳз£³ԽҲˡ
԰ɣͳ˲³Խҡҡͷá
ڴڵİŷע⵽ֻһӣڻ£󱳶ʪˣۻˣЪЪɣ㹤ڵҲûѽ
³ԽЦЦ֣治ۣ̿еˡһæȥͽԣȻȥЪŰɡ
ﲻˣǲУҲҪȥհڼҺʹѾأѿڣҸһȥ
³Խԥһ£Уɿĳ˷һȥ
Ÿˡ
æԲݵ£˾һ˴ˡ˴ΪãȷǻȲˮ壬ϡ٣Ϊ³ԽôһҲʶˡﻹͬпĴĿ࣬Ȼţǰͳ˼С
³Խ͵ɲסţϳ⼸С˼ҵģ³ԽûüʣǼСͼæ˵壡ȥɣĴƿ첻ˣ
һ³Խƾŵƹͱ³Խרһ³ԽĸҲܲ³ԽɫҲ䣬æкǼСϳȥ
ô£³Խţʡ
һСҲ֪ǽû棬ǷĲ£ҹȥʱִڲݴһϢģ嶼û֡
³ԽüͷǱ˴𣿡
񣬴û˿ڡ
һСʲô쿴иӰǰ֪˭
һСʣô˵
ҡȥһתͷ͸ˡ
⼸Сƽʱסţ³ԽżҲǣֺʹƹϵãö֮ģ͡
³Խû£ȥ֪ˡ
³Խﵽʱڲݴޣ³Խ֣ɰɡ
ġ³Խ̿ϵĴƣǿ첻ˣƺǵ
³Խ³Խһ³ѵĹ˹ʲôԸƵģűۣˡ
Ʊ۵һ̣̲סˣҲ̲סۣΧСȫ̲ס³Խֱϵһһ
侲һ£³۱䣺Ǳ¶ˡ
¶
һȥȻƵĴ˰ĭ
˭ĸɱĸҵĴ¶..ģҷҪضٳˣ³Խο
Ī˶ƣ˳⣬ǿŵģҪȶ˹ ӣҼֹţŹ
³Խ˵ֿ꣬ղ˵Сʣ쿴ǸӰߣ֣
ߣǸӣ࡭һߣǺݣģ
³Խ˼Ƭ̣ŵܡ
壺ɶǲТӣ
³Խͷ
ʮǩֻѺʮһͽ˵ʵ̫΢ˣ⵽ǰܺܿûǮͷ´⡣
Ҳ뵽һ㣬üͷҪ𣿡
³Խҡͷû֤ȷҡڲûʵʧƵҲûҧɵģٸܵġ
ݺݵ̾˿Ҿ֪ҷһģɣ㵱Ǹ־ݻڰɣ
Ȼ³ԽѾ˳ҵˣҲ֪ûֻ͵ץһᱨٵġ
侲ҪĻǰ£˺˸ӣѴƸˡ
ǰӸ̶һ¾ˣҵĴ̫ˡ廹̲סᡣ
³ԽҲĬˣ룬һȺС̶˳һֻճû¡
ôСĹûĸУɡ³Խһֻ˿УҪģ
壬һֻɣһҲչ˺Ҳ
³Խ룬˵ͷЩѡһֻѡһֻʣһֻȥɣֻСŹֿġ
³Խ
æ˵ͷ
ãǱȥɡ³Խû˵ͰֻС˻³Խٺº󣬾׼ȥˡû˴ƣöмֹƱҪѸ¶ˣץС
ȥ·ϣҲǺܺܣ³Խǰݳ㱧ССĹ̶ں棬С̹ԪŵʱҪСҲ֪Ĵ
ܿԺӣ³̫̫ôҲͦȵģһﻳ³̫̫һ㶣զֱֻè
ҡͷѻС˳
ӣ³̫̫Цˣģ
³ԽɫԳأ³ԽѴƵ¶˵ˣ
³̫̫һҲ
ɱӶµȥ֣ɣҼ˰Ӹץ͹ٸ
³Խ˵ͷھȥš
³̫̫ﻳС̽ӹĸζҪˣӴģԺ͸̹ɡ
С̹Ҹѣڷ䵹ңԪջʱǸء˰ζûҵȻһŤͷͿԪڴ̨ţĵĿ
ԪȻ뵽һֿԡ
ǲǰӲˣĶأ
ԪһӴ̨׼ߣһѱµС飬ԪôСİɣ
Ԫﻳһ򼫹ԣȴϣŤŤȥﻳӳȥС˸צڶƤ£Ԫ໵һ£ʵˡ
Ц㿴Сѽڴˣ˯ˣöɸµģòã
ԼҲܺЦһֻèĽ˭֪ԪƺƵģ£ڵһ´ﻳ˳ȥΪҪܣû뵽ԪȻһ굽հС££һСӵıԵ¶ˡ
һϲæȥ˳ŷ֣ԪƺرϲӣרŲհĴ£滹ʵèëһǾţԶԲˡ
ԪԣЦһԪĶ䣬ž͸æȥС̹ˣԪԹֿһۣ໵ĽҲ˳ȥ
С̹̫Сˣֻ̣ܺ³̫̫̹Ҳ֪˶ãԪһһͷ˽ȥ໵ĺȡС̹³ԽԪһһû¶³Խ䣬ֱС
³ԽҲ۰Ľι̣Ԫˣ໵һһԾ𣬾ﻳȥˡ
³̫̫һ߿ŹЦ˵ԪǳԴˡ
ȫ˶ţôССèСˣԴף
³̫̫Ŵ֣Ǳţ֪ˣ
³ԽûϣС̹ԪյҵʱԶˣ˾ͺ̣˾һſСɵĴߣͷҲǷۺɫģĶҪˡ
̲ס³Խǹ𣬿Ҳ̫ˡ
³Խͷƾǹ϶ǣֻڻСȳ˾ˡ
ɷнµĵ˵ͷ
³ԽһжնհɣôԣԽԹԽס
Цʲô
³ԽҲ֪͡ͼĵࣿ
Цףնֵͦɰģ뵽ԪĴҲͽ³նգա
³ԽЦ绨ճյĵ˵ͷãͽ³նգԺˣ㡣
Ұأ
³Խ̲סȥ㡭
С̹һﶯ˶䣬֪ԼѾӵ˴֪Լڴںи쵱ı
-
µ׶³ԲŵĽѾ룬ƻ¿ŵҲԽԽˣͬʱ³ҴǱߣΤϷˡ
һûֻǷʱڰҹ³̫̫Ͷĵ½ͲûҲˡ
³̫̫ްҲ˹ȥѾȻرʹر۵ģ۵һͿ˳³̫̫˳ȥѾŶޣ̳ȥ
Τһ̥׼Ϊĺܿ죬ֻû뵽̥ôģʱô
ڵ¿һۣʡе÷أû
ΤЩ


69 ɵ
Τ̥, Ļǲ˳Ӱҹڶ磬ֿһ죬ŴһӤ
ǲŵҲ۵ò, ӤǺġűźӳʱŬЦϲɩɩֵ˸ӡ
³ͽŵĵſ, , ˷ܵĲԭرQ
³̫̫ҲЦˣץһϲǮлл
ǲŰ˰֣ɶȻϲǮ, Цˡ
³˷ܵıԼĶӣĵĶҲˣ³̫̫, ЦȻҲλεġ³ԽŶҲϲ
, ã³Ҳжˣ³ЦĶͣ, ͱŶԺת˺üȦ³̫̫ҡҡͷϽûĵģճôȥ
ԶԶԣ˵Ķԣ³ˬЦţŶӾͽȥˡſϵϱæ˹ȥ, ĵĵϱҲжˣ쿴
Τ۵, Ȼ֪Ǹ, űĵһʱסŵ, ǶӲŷĵıۡɫ԰, ŬЦЦԡڸ˸ˡ
ϱˣİ, ٹĽӾͻˣʱ۶Ҳһ
Τﴽ, ôģڷˡۣǲ˵̥ʱֶˣеˡҺǸӰɣһ඼ֵõġ
³̫̫Ҳϸ˳򣬵ְͦǺ˵
³ɺٺЦ̥úãֵðиڵʵң
³̫̫̲סЦˣǣʱҲúƵġ
ӣ̫̫˵ﻹǸ˵ģһʱԴҲЩЦ⣬æȥϱ塣
³˳óСͽ˳հһСһ³̫̫תͷöɸȥӸţ˳ʣ֮ǰܻܲؼһˡ
³ԽӦˣ׼ͽǡ˳˺üѹŮɴɫʽͱҲպܴϵġ
ϱɰѸճ޴պã³̫̫ЦŽӹ³ҲЦŶллð
粻ؿ⻹һףǴѾġ
˳ȻҲ˴ѾѾ֪ʲôֻ۽ǹᣬ֪ĿŴǡ
Τ˯˴죬ʱˬʵЦûʲôԷӱƿ˽
ӣˣҪҪһ룿
Τĵ˵ͷˣ³̫̫ʹҲ˽
ΤϿ³̫̫ϣܴԼҵԼ뿴ı飬³̫̫ȷЦţϱӾͺúѾǱ߻Һ֡
ΤϵͷллȻֿ³ɻ˳û֣Ű˳͵Τϸǰϱ㿴
۶ӳң
ΤŬͷ˿ճûõ޶Ͱ͵ģ˳ȷĺڣѾ˴ɵģΤϲ⣬޼ңڵͺڵˡ
ղŻôϵιһ٣֮ιɡ³ֶ̫̫˼䣬һЩҪע飬Ȼתˡ
ΤϿԼŵıӰЩ죬˵֣ƺǸ˵ģûеհʱ˷ܡڶǵãԺﻶЦ󣬱ˡ
ڣɷĿĺ˷ΤģĿЪЪſܵײǼĴӡڷ˼ңҲжŮˣҲ֪ˡ
-
գΤˡ³ҲûĽӡԲԲһΤϱ࿪ˣ³ָȥӲӵһ֣ΤЦ۾ˣã
³ɵͳӣһԶΤʣǸ˳ģ
˳ʹѾһһֻ˳á
Τϵû뵽ô룬ĵ
³룬ţ˳µʱٴһժˣСۣհûء
Τϲ⣬ҪģհûǾ仰ǰͲ˳šɷĻΥϸҲǣһŪˣĶҪ
ԼҵģΤϲ̵İѶպˡ
˳ĵ죬Τѵõˡ
³ҷ˼ңŮΤôҲһˣǮһ걻ѵʵ˲٣ҲˡһĻΤϵĶɩ˵Τ˸ʱƲƲ죬񲻵òʮһֻҲˡ
Τûаˣ󷽷İӭ˽ˣǰһ͸ǮһֲˣʲôѼҪУҪǮˣҪ
¶ĵͷհ졣
Ǯϵŵһ죬ΤЦľͷ·ûиƵġ
ɩˣɡ
һţͶġ
֪ԼСȥ˼ңҲ֪³Ҵ޷ˡһţȻ뿴ⷿ޵զΤϿЦ󷽵Ľ˵ģԼסԺӣôҲҺøı
ȷûԣЦŸΤ
ѽɩˣʲôΤЦȥӣλεӼֱҪϹۣһû
Τϴˣ
ǮȻҲˣڨЦŮ겻ǻչ˵ĺܺá
³ȻĸﻹֲЦˣңȥʮǮ۳ɵظ³ˣļֵԶʮĶ࣬³ҲЦЦС
Τϰ˳˳ôɰѴѾӶǱ˵Ǯˣ³̫̫϶
ûʲô飬³̫̫Ҳȥкλ׼ĸ
ѾհͷϣԸȥ³ֻƭѾȥүͷö
ɶѾ⻰ʡ
³ɱԼҹŮһҭǺö
Ѿ鲻ԸЦѾȥɣһ׸ţ϶հԡ
Ѿŵͷԭְ׸⣬ųأô˵ŸԼȥˡ
ȥһΤϵ˾ûôţѾȻҲˣ㺰ͶڽԼģǮԭ뱧Ůôܴ
ѾͷǮԲˬ죬ϾǸѾͷƬӣǮҲûˣעȫ˴ϡ
˳֣ͦеڡҲ˼ۣЦŶҸտǱߵСޣǽհɣװ۵ģҲûıȴɰ׶ٰ
ǿЦ˵⻰ģ˭֪˵ΤϾ˦һ۵
ڵͺڵ˰ĺá
㱻һҭ˰ģ˵ԼҶ
ƽʱԵҲ٣ɾֲ
ɩ˵ˣȫΤʹڴ
˼˵޷Ƕ׬Ǯϵ飬Τɺ׳־˵һĴ㣬оȻҲԼҵĲĳɣ뷨ˣǾͶ๧ά˼䣬³ظ֤ڳ͢Գеǳ˿׬ģҶһ겻һˣҲȷҪúÿһ¡
ΤԥûӦ³ɣҲ׶ġ
ţͳ緹ˡȷһӵĺòˣΤϵҪ󣬲мѼ⣬иѵõʳģɻһ̳Ӻþơ
ֻŷʱӵ˶Ȼһ˲Τϣ˵߶ϡ
˭Ǯʡ
ΤϵЦЦѾߣרչҵġ
ôһ˲䣬ǮϺɫȻùŹּˡ
ΤҲ㶣˵ʲôԼŮŮһģû˵Ǹղž費㣬Ȼ˾ЦֲЦֻƴĸԼʹɫϣԼܿ˼
ΤǵȻˣʲôҲû˵
ֱߵʱΤϻڿʲô֮ǰζסΤϵ֣ʵĵСӣǧҪӣذ
ΤϻһļƤƤЦⲻЦӦˡ
Զ̲סܣ
ǮϿһԼϱȻ֪˵ʲôЦһҹܵôȥ˼Ҽﶼǲ˴ģҾ˵ˣŮʱҲҪȥɡ
̲סЦǣưɣĸŮ˻ܳһѾԼǰȥ治֪Τôġ
˻ȥ֮ΤϻĪģܾǻл˵ʲôû˵ŶӺź
ţˡ
ʼʰ꣬ôһСѾͷԼǰεϸһѶס֫ϸС֣Τ˸ղͶɩǸȻŷѾͷԭԻƵҲ⼸±֪ˣΤо
ڲӣȻһ
ӣ
Τü
Ĩ˹
ΤϾôƽƽȥȷûʲôʣڼɻû֮ǰɹɹƵĺۼԳİ׵ӡ
ٿϵѣôϼֲͷҲûʲôΡ
ΤһЩ˻֣ûˣȥæɡ
Եĵ˵ͷȥˡ
Τϱ˳οԼˣǸ˾ǼԼڱúðˣڶŮ˫ȫɵϣԺ϶иѾߺӣõ̬С

Ѿһˣ·հȵһʱԪõ飬ڻ˸նգֻǶնջСﻤţ󲿷ʱ䲻ûûصģСˡ
ԪԴ˺ܲﲻעܵСӱϣԤСצڶնƨкһӣüζ³ԽץС
ȫԪ³Խףı¶һצӾֱк³ԽϡԶնտܻ³ԽȴûУѾԲཱུһֻ٣һצȥ³ԽЩ
ȫ˶èŪģܿ죬Ѯķٴοˡ
˶ﶼû뵽ô죬óĻ˵ǣǶµԲ׬ǮîɻϾÿ춼ʳɶʱҵɶʱ⡣
Цŵл³ԽҲÿ˽˷ĹǮʱ䣬ۺöҺˣԺϴӣͬģֽҲࡣǰͷۣĶӣдСʵ㣬ֻΪЩ򣬵ﷹҲ
ѾӣڻûкʵѡﲻԸֻͣȺ㶥ϣһѰѰ
³ʱ俪ҵ¶ʮƺһо׼ˡ³̫̫˸ӣ¶ʮʺϿҵҧҧǰǰ
ǣ¶ʮ峿ŸǰԲݣ»ص˴ڵߵС
ʳʵļů͵࣡ŶŶӣϤһɤӣ˲份˲ٺŸǰ˵ļ䣬ⶼզЩ׾һѷӿˡ
Ҫһݣ
Ҫݣ
ٸӣ
ѿֿ˷ܵſʳŽֵǰԭȵһЩϻҲźϲˡ
ӽžһĿޣѽǲɵģҿһס
˵Ͼ͸ġ
Цǿ϶£㿴ڶĲˣôܽзأǱȻҪо¥У

Ҳ̲סЦˣͱȤˣ˵Ĳ㣬еʵĳʱĸҽӿͣҾְֵֻֻģҲæ
ûе
ҡͷûأ¶ͷ
ļ򣺡Ҹóӵȷף
ЦŵǣҲҪͰǲڣӱЦŻ˻ȣҿˣҸľҲùӦ˰ɣ¿˼Ʒ֣㳢
ˣҪ˵ĬʡأһӦ£ϲüңűǣ
Բݽյһ쿪ҵȻƵŨ֭һãʳ͡
쵽ʱȻһһˡҲϣֻǿȥʮ꣬Щɵɵģǰдˣλõɶ
һֿ˿⣿Ǳɡ
ϣԵȡ
ܿͶ˭ͷһȣüͷѵһ°Ϳӷ£ĵһζ
һ߲ӵһ㶣ͷ
ɫһӾͿ˵ǹ¶İɣǼҵǳһ˿ζҲûУǴĺȳģ
ͷЦ˺ȲͷٶۣϷҿɲٶۡ
㡪
ԭڹ̨ѿ˵˶Ҳ˹ҡҡͷǰλˣǼҵϿǰһȥȣĿ˶Ӧû˵ζҪʵڲθڣ͵ģɺã
⽲ƣﲢԸͻ˭֪߿һۣʣģ
һ㶣˵ͷ
˽̫أƤ̫أڸⱾʣⲻһζĿϾڹȥ
ǡ
ûпǣȻ⴦ĺܸɾǷͺıҲ
Ĭˣһߵȥˣô˵мңҪָһ£⵽Ҫô⡣
ͷЦˣЦ
˵ô಻ǲǮװʲôءˣ˭֪⻰ҲͬǼŭߣȻӣ˭˵ҲǮǶʮģҸɣ⣬ֻҪһζʣɴļζҪôϣ
˵꣬ͷ׼뿪һ⻰æסȵȣ



70 
Ҳ֪ĳ嶯ס, ɻǰʵ˼λʦһ, ʵвο𣿡
ߺһûУű, űˡ
ЦŽͣҵȷҲǵһ, ЩʣԶ䡣
Ǽ̬Ȳ˶˵䣺ȡ, ⱾζǹãֻǱζסˣһһ, һʣζһ
˵ͷеϸĿ˿, ЦʣҿǾ, Ǵ̽ף
ΰˣûʲôˡ
æסģŸǰҺܲĿջ⸽ҪǲԾǷ÷
߿ü, 漴˵ͷðɣ֮
æ, һӭ
˵, ߱, תͷ̻ص˳, 㲻, ʵɩ, ôôǸͷӰôôƭأ
ЦҲò׼ֻǲˣһʼôѿԼҲûкô˵ǲģԾ֪ˡ
һ磬ʱһϱӣΪ֪ǷףֻС飬ʧˣԼ˱ǡ
û뵽ǣʵԭȵĶһŨϢ˵ֻŨȴֲȫԣƺʸһı˳Ϊϵļ٣ûйֵûһ˿һζﵱϲѿеĴԡ
Ǹͷѿǳˣ㣬ĳվͲζҪһЩòϣ˵ǶԵġ
֪ӵģ²һ˰ɡѿȻ
һﾪˣ۾һԣСطҪôǷǳоĳʦҪôʲôطֵˡһ֣˵޺ģûͷȥ˼ҡ

ϣ¶³Խ˵ˡ
ȻȥЩɣܾǲһˣǷǳĴɣпȥһˣ
³ԽһʼЩģϾˣˣԵһʱоĵģĻּ²ģ³Խ˵ͷã㣬æ̵ȥ㣬һȥ
ţ￪ĵĵ˵ͷҿ϶һ𡣡
³Խŷģͷ
ˣ𣿡ʡ
³Խȥһ´ѧԺͷˣ࣬˵ǹʱҲûϢӶȰŵù
̫ùˣǡĿԻȥʱ𣿡
³Խͷԣ˵ҲͲһˣ˵˼飬ϲǲһҪȵԽ֮ˡ
һ
ͦܵģϣһиţĻѿТһҲˡ
ţʵһġ
³Խ˵ĻԺȻ˴ɵܣ˯𣿡
³Խһ⺰ûУ硣
³ɣҽ¶
á
³ԽԺУЦԺеܰʮ˳ˣõķݲ˳磬Ҵڵ죬㿴вУ
³Խһ㶣漴ʲôеģԸǸӡ
˵ɶأһˣϻشѾ£ҪǵõķСҿ϶ҲҪڵǰģˣҲǸˣ
³Խãġ
У⻰Ҳˣˣ˯
³Խ˷̽ͷʣզˡ
³ԽѴ뷨˵ˣһ硭Ҫܶѵİɡ
ŹǣǺ£Ҳø֪Ƿݡ
Ȼסһ˵ͻȻѹ
³ԽЦûʲôȥǸˣҪб£ǡһ죬ٶЩæ
һЦˣʵû˵㣬³Խһ¾ܲ³˼
￿֪ôľ˯ţָԾ³ԽתȦˣǸȥ𣿡
ûУҺ˺üֵҹǾ֣Ҳû
ݺݵֻˣ֪۸˾֪ˣ
³Խοģҿ϶ȡġ
˵ͷ˳£ϵĶǲԾڶ³Խ˼ȴСҧҧȻ˵Ƹȥﾪ
ǲǲ
æҲûУǣҡء
Ͷһꡭ

ڶ죬Բݵ㻻䷽еʳͳˣʣƹʲôöôŸЩ
Ц
һ磬ȷڷ³Խһͬȥû룬Էȴˡ
ͷҲ£ֱҪ￴ˣæԶ
Ҳ˵ֻЦеĿһڣ˺һڣɫȻͱ仺ࡣ

Цˣķӡ
ͷѵЦЦҲȫǣģ֮ǰҲ˵ϧЩ˶ϣұҲûȥˡ
ʣȥܶطܶ෹ݣ
ţϷûɶãϲԡ
ЦˣҪҽ²ˣյʵ㣬㣬ָָ㣿
ͷ˵ͷҲá
׼ȥ³ԽˣɣȻ
ϲüҡæ߹ȥĺͶ˵仰³ԽҲˣ˾ģž˹ȥ
ЦŽܣ๫ͶԵǮͷǮġ
̧ͷ³Խ³Խǰˡ
ϺõĻƣԼߵʼ㡣
㣬ʵѣѵĲǸĻ˸ضиصĸĵӣ鷳СݳʡһСݳԵľǸζκòÿҪﲻ뽫͡
ͷӼʿβϣ⼹ͷȡţٰƬšбгеʱжƤܲͣȫһĵʮСġ
ĺûơۣ֮ըըĹҲҪʮģһֱĻȫٰ֮УʱβȫΪβͲ˵İɡǴ֭Ǵ֭ԼС˼÷ˮⷨӲҲ뿴ܲܳĳ
õ˳ȺɫǴ֭ʱһСӺˮඹк̻ӣζȥʳָ󶯡
Ҳ֪ɺĵôˣһһЦŰ˶˳ȥ˭ߵǰͿ³ԽҲƺ̸һԼʲô¡
ǡѲ˸ոշ£³ԽЦŵѾʦ˵ˣձϹʦǮҪ󲻶ֻ࣬ھңѾӦˡ
ۣû뵽Լһ˵Ĺ򣬾̸ˣ
ԭᡭﶼ֪˵ʲôˣʦˬʵЦԣҵͽܣգֻСʱˤԴԡǷģԽ̵ģ־û⡣ңһͷǹվ֪ˡ
æȻǡҪҪٳ
ʦпĵ˵ͷָˣӵĳպܺãҲע⣬ȻƹߣҪ¶һ֣Ҳýӷġ
˵ʦ㾶ֱȥˣ³ԽᳯͷЦЦû˵ʲôȥһֱڹ̨ѿҲ漫ˣ뿴˵ʲô£Ҳߵ˺


71 Сб
ԲݸոջָӪҵ, ʳĵֵͦ࣬磬ŵʳѾ½½ĵ, ʦߵ¹ۿһ, 㳭, ˵ʲôˣ
΢΢һæŶղ˵һСбࡣ
Զʦյ⿹ԻҪﵽ˼ˡͷ, λҪۣһСģͻᷢϡࡣʦһ, ˵ͷʦ, , ̾Ϳʼࡣ
ͷһɫĽĤҪ״ɾˮ֮Ϳֱ˺õγͷײĵ̣ɾ֮гɴСȱһµıƬ
̣ĵӦ, 俴ɵɵģɻȴϸ, Ҷ, ͷ, Ҫгɱһ, ԵҪȻҲ, Ƽ, ԼܱȲ
кõͷΡۡץƣ۹ٵϼ֥ͣͷţҲһ֥͵
ֻƵḶ́СбĴҲΪСУȡа˿СֱжϣΪ˵׺ÿҪһɫķ̵õн˿ЩҲܿ챸á
¹֮ǰʦһ֭Сﵹ˻ƾƣۣͣΣǰ֭ȡ㲻һ⣬СյǰʣҲϸһ֣죬ʦٳֱӷŵϵʱ䡣
ôϸ񡣡п
˼е׼ȹͣеҪö࣬ƺõͷÿӲɢ¹ٴע⵽ϸڣСɢΪȾȣһţڸб㲻һˣ͸ղż͵ĵһ
ͷ˵˼仰ĹʦѾͷ´ӹ̳ˣͿը˷ŵһֵͣкõĴд˿ըƣĴζ㱻ը˳
󣬽˿̳ˣͷٴ¹֭ʼסһ㼼һ׶Ĺ̿ˣڱĲ˱ز٣򵥼ڶһﵹǲ£ҲѾԼжϣһֱװ̣Цŵʦ⣬ˡ
ʦ˲ЦЦƹӲ˵Ļ˾һƢûܵˣֻϣƹԺĪá
Ȼᡣæ
æȥ˲ˣǰĿ˴ӸղžΣǰĲڣƮһͷƽʱȻ࣬ԹĶᰮϣˬĿڸ¾Ƶľĵһʱ䣬ĿҲص׷Ҳһ
ǣʦƸһ±öˡһ磬ﶼϲ̵ģͬʱ˸ʾĲǰԤϯһʱ䣬˺Ų˵Ĺע
ﻹǺܺ棬³Խ쵽׺ʦ˵ʲôȻһ˵ĹͰѴ¸öˣҹá
³ԽһʼֻЦȻӣ
Ｘεε³Խֻáʵ
ʵҲûʲôأھңȥ˾ٵķݣһһȥ˼Ʋ˵ëǿ϶кܶƹˣ˵УزмУûһĺѧģס̣⣬бҲ˼ˡ
ˣæǹ̽ʵҲھķҸ£
³ԽЦˣ⼸֣뵽𴦰Ҳ֮顣ıȫˣ뷨𣿡
ͷȻû뵽ķӣǸоǷѡѡˡ
³Խҵ뷨һ֮ǰеʱҲһЩƢŹЩ
ЦˣҲİֻҪպãҰʦУ
³Խ̲סС䣺ĺˣԸôãû˻᲻ϲ
С߻˵ĻҰˡ
³Խ׽ס֣˵ģҲôģһһ
һֻ̲סȥ
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ˣԲĿǰĶҲˡ̨ѿ㸺ǰϵǰãʦҪںæµԣʹһԲݵӣû¶Ц¶ĥںܿ죬˲æʱʦ֣ںԺһԷܿ㶼
˳³£һܿˡ
³ǰԲݶ¥Τ϶ԴЩ⣬͵͵ʹ³ɣ³һЩͷĽ͡
Ů˼һСۡȥѾʱûѡ÷ݣ÷ݸոſҵ˳ָպ£˵Ҳȥôֵ֮䶼ˣ˵ˣܺ͵ڷչĶ³Ȼּˣ˵ȥܵܺãҲӣ
ΤƶǶ˼ǣʱЩѹƼˣҲ棿
ϻ
ΤƲƲ죺ֻ˼Ҳ۽ӡ
˵˵ܶӦˡ˵Զܺ͵ʲôʧһˣͷʱӣŽ棬˵ҲԼʰƯЩԵЩдѾ˳ϵѣ֪û
ΤŶһǽأܴİɣ
³ԥһ£˵ͷΤŸˡ
˳¾ƣȷǰַ⡣
Լҷݣ³̫̫һнˣľͻѹæԲſڷ˱ڣ˸ƣӭ͵ģˡ
Ÿǰ˱Ͷ࣬û֪³Ҵһ¾ƾԼҵľ¥죬һʱ䣬ɷѡ
⻹ӦǾϻʮӶʮ³ǰͷùڵת˰ǿׯӵģ⻹Լҵľ¥ˣ
㣬¥𣿣
˼³ģ
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ҲһֵҲҪ³ͷӶôˣֵܶԼҵĲҵһԷӿҲҪܵģ˺á
ǵǣֻҲһ㿴ⲻͦõġ
˭֪ء㿴ĶǱˡ
ϲΧһֵĹģǲӰĿ죬չʱ̣³˻ˡ
¥˸˵³ɶܵľ¥ʱ³ҹĿ࿴֣³̫̫Τæкˣ׻ԼϤĵطǵķ¥Ҫڲ١
ѾհҲ׷ҸϣΤһչ˶һ滹ŮϵĽŵʱǧģ̴ѾǧҪ˸ժˡ³ɶķ˵ôɶŶҪʵڲģͱôѾͽˣ
ɲУӵôѾҲôȻ￴˿϶Ҫ˵ҵġΤϱʵҲԼСžţǴѾϲհһ棬ܿˣȻҲѿ
ȫ֪ϯĲɫǰüͺʦġʵҲһβٰϯ¹˭ģȷٳֵƯ棬ĳ̶Ȼض˵
㡢ѿʦϴӣһûЪҿǰͺ죬ææţҲ˳˳ġ
ȣÿӾϯǰҹĹ˿ǰ׼ҲǿУȳҪʦһõľǲɫ̶ҲǺ鷳
㲻ͣϲкҲæˡհʱ˶٣ֻ˶ǴɵѣȾƵĸࡣ
³̫̫һϯˣҲϱæΤϼˣ³̫̫չ˴ѾǵԼĽӣ³̫̫˸ۣΤǵС˼ľ͸͸ġ
Сܶɶӵģ԰ڸ˿ɵѲ⣬Լʲô԰ڵģǺЦҪ
³̫̫Ѿ˳־ͰǽѾˣžŮȥ˺ԺԪͶնҲںԺģСһϲˡ
һ磬һֱԵ˿ƻ裬Բݣһ˸ֻˣǾżҾƷľƶǴãĵһϯ͸ô⣬ֵĲҪԼˡҲˣȰеľƶͣЩ;ƵĻҲǸˣô׬һȷѣǺֶΪ
ϣ̱ڿϣ³ԽĦ
𣿡
ᡭ
ģǽġ³Խ۵ҪȻӰɣ
﷭˸ʱ˰ɣʵҲǰϯʱæƽʱãҲûôϯҪġ
ǲһ
³ԽĻһ㶣ʲô˼ѽ
³Խ˳ܶ˶֪ˣڿ㣬Һܿ죬ܺѿϲҲҪˡ
죬ˣԽԽãȷҪѰţʦڣͷͽܣ⵹Ҳһӡ
³Խͬ
-
³ɽ˸ʹ죬ԲݳʱѾЩͷؽˣײһˣ̧ͷһǳԬ
Ԭϵܰдܰ³Цźѡ
ԬȻҲ˲ٵľƣļ򣺡ĻҵĺӣϯɰֵǶķζá
³ɺٺЦֵǿľͺã׼ȥĶߣٺ
ԬٺһЦھϺȾʲô˼һѾˣߣϵҴȥһõطǼȣ
õطȥģ
ԬһЦ˵֣һ飬æ¿˿ԼϱӰȷûУһ
ǰɴ֣ôڣԬģЦԼ
³ɰ֣ⲻǾڲڵ⣬졭Ҷ£ҾͲȥˣԬϵܰұɡ
Ԭɫһ⻹³ɵһξܾ漴ϾЩÿˣôڴּзˣ׼Ӳˣ
³һﻰʵǽղʣգհɡ
գܵҲ֮࣬ǰҲǰٰѣְеӲǺ飬żһҲ̫˰ɣˣϻ͹ȥѾߣĲ
³ɵǵ⣬˲ûˡ
ɲ˵ҼҿɾǸѾߣչϱҶŮģ
ԬЦԭְˣҶãǰʲôģҪǿģֵҸ㴴ᰡ
³ɺ󱳶ˣоԼһΣյ±Ե
Ԭ治Լȥɫãˣ㲻ȥҲǿɱˣҲׯ˭ںæﻮģԼҵ¡
ԬԽ˵ԽС³ȴһһĺȵԬ뿪ǵɢˣĨ˰ڷ
ɣɶأ
ڱ³һ飬תͷ
³̫̫վڲԶվŸɶȥϱҲۻˣȥЪţ
³æӦһæתȥȥˡ
˭֪һ̤ţͿվſ˵Ӱ
ԭǽ³̫̫·æǸ֣˭֪ôɣ˸ͺʹſײˡ
ɶʱеڸһ飬ģȥǱһǡΤݳƼһĻ
ΤϣûΪ³ҪˤһɾҪȥˣ³ֶڳӰˣûû¡
ס˽ţ³͵
Ĩһ̻˸򣬴һŽȥˡ
ΤںĿһУü֮࿴ۡ

գѵõĶ˯һ˶ۣϵĳʳ̯ȡԲݵ˿ʱȥϹ
ûȥֻʱûˮǱ߱㴫ϢҪˡ
ϲæ³Խˮϣһ·ϣĵңæöѾĸ¶ˣҲ֪ôˡ
³Խ϶˳˳ģİɡ
ţ
ţܿ͵ˮ壬Զﶼ½ڶżſתˣоϣϸæЦкˣĸˣ˸Сӣ
ϲһͳ˼С
˾˾ĸ
ŹڴлţɫЦֲ˼֣ˣĸˣ
³Խϲϲ˾˾ĸˣ
Ҿĸô˻𣿡æʡ
ţͷأ
æȥŶӿϡҲ¶Цɣˡ
ĸߵߣˣҿѽǸεСһ
ŹǸˣɫףģҲĶҲۣеСʱհ
Щ飬ͷȴǲ̾۰治ס
Цֵͦõģ𣿡
й⣬ŶϲʤôҲƲƵģǣھϡҼСӣҲ
˵Ĺ򣬶Ź¶Ųˮˣɣȿˮ

˾˸ܵûУ
̥ȻǱȴҪ㣬³Խ
ŹЦˣͽжʯ⣬Сʯͷ
ʯ⡭Цˣ³Խ˾Ƕʯͷ
ǰɡŹЦŸ˲裬֪֮ĸûж˳ҲˣֻǰѶ£ʯͷµʱٹ
ѽôôġϿõЩȲѣһӼͺЩ֮⣬һЩҩġﻹϸĵĺ˵ʲôҩĺʲôһ岹ѪϼöŹǳ˴ڡ
ˮ峯ظʱ鼫á˾˺;ĸһֱΪõģˣԸóֿԺҲǲ
³ԽԼҲˣʯͷµʱٱһݴȻӦʡ
ʱһ괺ʱڣˮ崺ϤС·Ұģ鱼šɼϤţƵĳɽߡߵϤСϪʱ³ԽȻţͣˡ
ﾪȿ³ԽЦȽڣˮ
Ƚڵˮǹǵϰףһɻʱ³ԽϪˮϷˮĳɵĺ
ֲСˡ
³ԽͣţǰƵȥҲǵˣȴӯĺ͵ûʲôֱ
ԶҵС
³ԽЦҧҧĶ䣬˲ͨ졭


72 
³Խص³СԺʱ, ǿ쵽ʱհԺľ, ˷ܵİϵĶһӣ
³̫̫Ҳ˳Цհ龢ľԺſ, ͵ǻզĸ˸ɶ
ߵԺбӣЦǶӡ
³̫̫˾ֻ˰ɣ
ͦ˵ģ, 
˳ˡأҹĸҲûйдǵġ
ҺͶɽ, ԿС
УհҰ, ȥЪЪ
հ, ⼸, ̱³̫̫Ҫȥհ, ˭֪հ§ĲӲţҪ
ӣﻹûԷ
³Խ˨ó˹հ, 
³ԽҪְѶӱ, ԺȻһˣȫ˶һ, Ļơ
ǻƼ³Խ·˶ĹǣԽ磬ץˣ
³Խһ˭
ܣѺˣ͹ǣ
̿³Խ, ³Խ͹, Ͼ͡
ھȥҸһ
³ԽڼҹԹԵ, Һܿͻû£־ݣ¡
ﻹеģôҲȷﲻʲôæ˵ͷհĿ³Խˡ
³̫̫ʣץǰɡ
ͷǡ
³̫̫ãζӳԵͷУ

һϵʱ䶼ڲ£ʱʱľͳԺ⿴ֱɫȫԺſڲŴ֨һ³Խˡ
ôһʱӭ˳ȥ³Խƣڿ֮ɫŻ˻˹
ģѾڹٸˡ
Ｑæʵүô˵
³Խ֤֤ڣܲȥŻ𣬱˵סˡ
Ż𣿣һ
岻ǻǷ𣡡
³Խͽۣʲô鶼ɵĳ˵ȥһ̵Ҳˣڼִۣ⡣
ö޲䣬³ԽοûҪ
쿪𣿡
ţ硣
Ҫȥ𣿡Ｑæʡ
³Խҡͷұǣү˵˽󣬷İɣ״ûŵ
˵ͷ绹Ҫأȥ棬æһ磬һڷûԡ
ȥˣ³Խȥ³̫̫˵£ǡôҲһ졣
³ɻȥ֮󣬰¸Τ˵ˡ
ȥͶһ𿴿һҲʶˣܲܰ϶ʲôæ
ΤϽ첻֪ôģһֱڷݿһĻЩĲɣʵܰʲôæ
³һ߲һߵ£һء
Τ϶࿴ۣҷһȷʶ˲ѣٳ˶մߡ
³ЦЦͻаɣҪȥô֪ĵɣģ
Τ⳶˸Ц

һ磬³ɺͶһȥٸˡճȥԲݣ֪£Ҳ޲ȥٸһţҪĶ
㣬ҲɻӸҷŻ𣬾׼ˣͲűⵣȥˡ
һʱ䣬㶼һֱƵƵĳſڿ
ΤϽҲϽˣڼƵûţҲȥתתͱ˳šΤϲԶֻڸǰһ䣬˭֪ûԶȻӿڿһһھӡ
ǸӣԶӾϳΤϡ
ѽǲǻ
ΤԭЩ˴кȻϳˣҲֻЦǰ䡣
զ
ԭս𣬽н𻨣ЦΤϵ֣ŮҲ޵ˣҽǹŮģ
ΤϣݼĶˣ
ѽǿ϶ǱȲ޵ĺˣھǰ³ҲԶϲܼ
ΤＸأϲܼ˭ˣǸĥҵҲʵ𿴽Ͽţˡ
ΤЦǹϲԺҲסĽˣ
ûû⣬˵ǻиأڶϢһһŮģҾҲ㱧ϴģ
һġΤЦӲˣֿ׵ϼ˰еء
úúãЩ
ΤȲˣźͽ˵ʱ챻ζѬˣֻûãȻȻûǮΤһԼԹӣϵĺɰˣ
Τת׼ؼȥãϽֿҪģûǮզ˭֪չչӿڣǽں˽ˡ
˵ģҿզ񣿡
ӣǿ϶ˡɩ׿˵ģǼٵģû죬˹ۿģ
ҵĸүҲ̣һѾԼƤӵ»ȥģǲȱأ
ӣ˭˵أ׿˵ˣѾ߿ȥͲ˰󡣡
˰Ǵܿϣ
ѽͲ֪е˾ϲģǽɶʲôʲô

ԶԶԣʡ
ӺһŹһˣΤԭûֽűֱ˳۵һ˳Żع
Τ侲˺廳ĶӣţͱŶӣɿĻԼҡ
ؼҺΤԽԽʲôǸ㣬ؼҾͿʼˣ»ػȥ
˺졣ֻ뵽˵ĻΤϵ׻ǲˣ룬ĥĥȴɽʸ

³ԽʹһԲݵģһӭȥˡ
ɣ
³Խʹ϶ϲɫŵľһ룬ҲŽЦʹ죡
³Խ֪ﵣģǰ֣ûˣܱѺˣѾˡ
ĳ׷̫̫ˡ
ҲЦ£Լ˱裺ÿϧûȥǻͷģǰһ仰˵ӦǾ仰ˣɶܣ
³Խлˡ
³ɰڰ֣⻰˵ģһˣɶ
￴³Խ³Խͣô죬Ҳˡ
Ц鷳ˡ
³ɰڰ֣ȻҲʮֳ죺û£һȥҲ˵һҲأúͶܰˡ
ߡ
³һ³ԽԲ˳ǰõˮ죬ȥȥأӦòܴ˰ɣ
³ԽݻǴټûܡ
ӦùһӲУˣҲǰ࣡
ԼϵļҲˣҲǶˣҪ˵嵱֮٣Һðˣ
³ԽͷҲЩпϾѪҲðšˣȥһ£ܰ˭ˣ˶Ǯ
۾һ磬뷨
³ԽҪ֪᲻Ŀģһ°ɣĻ
ϣҪ˵磬ͳᣬԺԼҵӺ׬ǮӣǷ
³ԽˣҲˣ̤̤ʵʵҪ
ף磬ȥ
˾³ԽҲһ˶һЦ
-
³ɵĻ˼ңȲĺһȷʮֿĵģԼϵܽһ£֪˿϶Ҳġ
³ɺҲû̫̫ӰΤϣԼԺ߳ˡ
ˣȥͷȥˡ
³ɣŶû˵ɶʱ
ûСΤѹһӵĹĿ۴ɣȸҽл˵
³ŶһϱԺȥˡ
զˡ³ɽԺûʶԺѰһȦ˭֪һͱΤϳ˶䡣
㿴ɶ㣡
ɶ³һ͵˦Τϵ֡
ǣˣҳĶ䣿
Τ֮ǰȷĶ䣬þ֮ǰˣ³ɿˣΤȻͷܲ˾Ժﺰˣ³ɣɶ˼
³һ
ͷˮģɶɶ˼˵ɶ
ΤϿԺǽܣǷ㣬ƼҼһԺԷҪһͷѴҲק˽ȥ
³ɣʵ˵ΪɶҪѾߣ
³˰죬׹ԼΤϵ˼


73 Ӽ
ΪɶѾߣ
³ɲһ, ˵Ϊɶǻǰһ˴Ŷڼûտ²ڷʲô裿
Τϲģ, 㿪ھ˵ѾߣΪʲô˵ӣ˵Ѿǲһ˵ģ
³Щͷ, ڿʼˣ
ѳԬѾߵͱ򻹲֪ΤҪôڼ֣ȻӲҾôһ˵ô, Ӳׯʱ, ·Ѿߣ˳뵽ˣҪ˵ǾӰ, ʲôһģ
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죡³ɲӵ
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ΤؿɵһĶ, ȻЩš
ͬʱ³̫̫Ůſʱպþô䡣
³ƺʮֵ, ŭ㰮Ų, ҷػ֮Ͱɹģ˵úչ˳ɶУ˸ϴ, ˸޺˯ѾҲտţΤҪ֪㣡
˵꣬³ɱŭķȥˡ
ߵſ 㿴Լվſڡ³ɽŲһ٣Щ˼ǰˡ
³̧̫̫־һƣĴڴɵĸ첲ϣ⣬Լҵһ㣬ûʡĹ
³ίǻһȡ֡
ǲȡԼԶ￴㣡ͷ
³ɿɲҺֻ˳ĻԶˣԼҲģ۲Ĳ
³̫̫ԥһ£ǽ˴
ΤڴĨᣬŽˣæ˲
˳أˣ
Τϣˣպ˯
³̫̫⺢ӣﳳܣĴĺܡ
Τϲ˼ĵͷˡ
ˣǺ÷ˡ
ΤϣǴ
Τϻ˵һ룬ͱ³̫̫סˣϱʼʱͼԣ㻹ǵ㵱ʱ˵ʲô𣿡
Τһ㶣뵽ʼʱ龰

³̫̫֣˵˼󣬶԰ɣôѾ߾Ϊչ㣬뷨ôֱأɸɶˣҪǸɶˣ㾡ܺ˵Ҵȣ
Τһ㶣ɸɶˣȷûɶ
и̣ܴܲߣ
³̫̫̾㲻򷢣ǼҸ˼ˣֽҲʵչ˳ҲģճӾҪ˼ң˵
ȥ̫
Τˣȫû뵽ЩѵһѾҲˣ
³̫̫룬ϱӣʲôҲ룬Ǳһ㿴ŵġ
ΤϳĬ˺ܾãҲԼŵ̬ȣҧҧ鲻Ըĵͷ֪
ţЪŰɡ
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ϱӣ˵̫أ˵ףڲŷӦɶȥˡ
-
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Щ⣬ȻȽԲߣʣµҲкܶĸԣȥӵ黹ûнѰš
ԲݵһĻ𱬣ʦļ󣬷ݵƲ˶˺ܶڵвˡ
У
ꡣ
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ӼͯӼϸʵС鷽ζƼʱһƣЦһ䣬˱Ľͣơϡɫ
֪˵һ仰ףЦŹ治ӣҲ
ˣɵǺǵЦ
Ƽ⣬нĩĩͷĴѡҲнеĴеĺ졢е㣬ȱһɡ
ȺըҪڡִҪըΣжµĻĿȫǳʦĿұ죬ըõļŶѾθڴ󿪣˵ôĴͻ
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֮󽫼»عζ뼦ǰһװ֥ͻףװ̵Ӽﵽⶼɢ˵СɵļѾֵͺͻζһѰ֥飬żⱾ㣬¾ƻͷʳͣ
ͮͮӼһʳȿֺ㿪ļˣɿĳԺŲһӼҲټһӼ
ϽȥˣԲݵҲϵɡϽֵĿľȥѰٺʵļӣΪԼѰٵȶĺ顣
ڽϹţ˳ҲȥӵոߵϤĲиǰȻһ󺿿
һŮӵ
ͷȥͼһŮӴӽֱһ¥ǰ˳һһ߿ޣǷŹңҡˡ
ſҲųˣһ
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һԽԽŮǴӣҲ˲ʲô飬̳³̸ȥɽûȥһ
յ³ſڣ³ԽͿˣô³Խһӭ˹

һץס첲ɣҡҿˡ
ӣ
³Խһ˲䣬ûӦ˭Ӧ˰Σ
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³Խü˼˰ΣԼ֮ǰΪׯۼַˣ¡϶ӿѴˡ
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סˡ
ܡ𣿡
ԼҪ֪£һ뷨ӰѴץȥɣ֪еУ˺Ǯȣֵһᡣ
ȥɣ𼱡
³ԽĻ綨裬ۣ֪Լεľٶǳ嶯ģѾΪ̫࣬컹Ը˼ĸЩʣ˵ͷ

³СԺ
³̫̫ܾ֮öû˵βſڵɣô룿
³ԽѾˣԼ˲ʮᣬͰѴӸˡҺ˼ǣٸʮ̲뿪
³̫̫Ȼص̾
ɰҪ֪²Ǯ顣
³Խ˵ͷһ
ǲܼȡ
ǵȻ³̫̫ſϵŮҧ˵ͷУɣڳɼҵˣܶԼϱǡǺ£͵ҵŮˡ
³Խ˵ͷãھȥ
³̫̫һˣл˵
³ԽŲһ٣硭Ҷûˡ
³̫̫ݺҧԼҵҲҪܣǮ
³Խһƺ˼ʲôҲû˵ȿ첽˷ţҪȥ¥Ҫ
-
һ³Խڿϳٳٶδ˯
Ѿˣ³Խ̲ŵĴϱֱӴӾȥϣԶҪ
﷭˸ѽɣл㡣
³Խ޼˵Щ
ҡͷҪ˵ģ֪𣬴ߵʱźҵл˵Լ뿪һŮӣֻȥôԶĵطȷҲΪˡ
Ƕԣûбõȥˡ
סૣɣáס³Խ֣ҳ룬ϱӾʲôܼ޸㡣
³ԽɵϱɵĻЦˣɵҵĸ
Ũ⣬˽ӵһһ¡

ʧ³ڻˣ³̫̫ͳߦſڵţ³һ顣

³ɽп죬ָɶˣѲɻΪ£ﻹû
³ɽݺ³̫̫͹Žһ٣³һʼͷûϸŲž˲Ծ
㡢˵ǸԼҴӣ
ϻĸӣ
³£˰죬ø϶治ǸŮ¶ɵĳĶһô죿
³̫̫һ㣬Ѿˣʮᣬָʮᵱ̲ҹˣ
γѣԶԶԣĶԡһʤ߼Ǻ¡
һ֪Ǻ°ɣöҶ˵ˣǮûɶëɣ
һ㶣ָĵһ˿УЩֱ۾
֪ԹԼҵӡ֪Ǯҳһͷ͸͹ȥ
³̫̫ƿĿ⣬ãص̾˿
Уҵ˼ͺãȥɡһ춼ؼңϱĻˡ
ƻԭ㣬³ɫԳһ˿ͷǷأأ
ʲô÷ģϱ뷨ҲǺ飡ԿηԼ˻˼ʲôԹģ˵Ҳȥ˳ôģ
³û˻˵ֻ˰ĵ˵ͷ³ֵ̫̫ҿϱЩΪѣȥʣɶºú˵ҪҿǼʼղǸ֮ƣϱûӦΪ˸ӣôҲҪȿڣû
ˣ
³߳˷ţ̾˿
ΤȷһֱҲԽԽ˳ġ
֮ǰһأΤһٸȥĲǡ
ҪôǴѾļûϴҪôǽķĲθڣҪôϵĶָʰĲˡ
֮ǱŻĸҲʹ졣
£ԺɨΤϿϸҲ֪һ
Ѿߵ仹˸ɰһһεģȥƵġ
Τһɤӣŵһ飬æˡ
ɰʱ⣡λεģķ
һ㶣漴̵ŶһϵĺɰݸΤϣΤϼ죬в΢һ㣬ӹɫȻһ䡣
桭ɶ
Դ³֮ǰһӺΤû¾ͻа棬ڱ۶мţǰɰװԲͭǮССϸ״Τϵɫ䣬̴򿪺ɰϸۣʱѾˣöӺȻΤϵǰ˲䣬۾ͺˡ
Τϵǲģв⣬лɡȻ໹Ƿŭ
ͬʱ³ҲոմǱ߻һֻŸո̤Ժš
ʵҽǴģ
Τϵģһæڣҡҡ״ΣȻһ仰˵
ǲ͵͵õģΤϵһӦϾԼĺɰҲϣϼţҲ׾ٵ顣
ûУӡҾûС
ģΤϵЩЪ˹ˣҲŻˣ֪˵ʲôʱ³ɵȻĴԺſڴ
Ҹģ
ΤϺһ㶣ΤſԺſڣԼ˻ˡ
ɣ
˵ĻһˮͷţŵĿԽԽִ߽³˫￴˴δйĮ֮⡣
ӣҸģûĶȥһһĳŻأȴΤҵͷת
ɣΪʲô
³ɫŭı죬ûзǴΤù˺ɰȻȥɣĻˡ
ͷһԲתˣŲҲɿ졣
ߺ³ɲΤϻ˷صĹ˷ţ³෢ʹĶͷ㵽Ҫʲô㣡ǹʱ㵹ã͸һģҲǺ˼ҿȥ˼ӣʲô˲飿
Τϣҡ״ģ˵ֻһģ
³ɲ˼̧ͷû˭״Τﶼʲô㣬ղžȻԶ˼ҵĺɰ֪ڸʲô㣡
Τɫһ˲˵Լڵ飬ֻ֪һ²Ҳʲȥ
³̫̫ԺӾڸڣ³̫̫ص̾˿˿߳Զš
ԩңһԶծԩң׼߳ǱڳʲôʱȻеϤӰԼ
޳һӰվ³Ҵſڣ֮Ҳ¶һõЦ
һˡ


74 ը
ɣ
ſվŵ³, һȻողߵԺſڣ³̫̫Լӣﻹйȥܴ󷿵, æǰס³㣺ɣˣ
³ȥ֮ҵģһգ۾аĹ, ³̫̫β˼³̫̫һɤӣ󷿺ͶǱߣҲȻˡ
ѿԺｽ৵һ¾ӵˮ˳, ҲѹΤϵܻ, ʱҪˣ
˵꣬Ҳ˻, Ժ˳ȥ
ѿһܵԺſ, ɿ³󣬱Щ, ǰ, ³Ҳһʱ俴, ¶һɬЦ
ѽվǸɶ, Ͻ³̫̫ο˵Цžкѿ, ѿЩӣ߹ȥˡ
ܻˣǿˣҲ˳Цʡ
³˵ͷԣտ, һͬ˳糵
úú, Ҷ໵, 죬ЪЪɩæŻûһܼˣ
³һһ˵ɩķˣ
ɲҲǺܲģ﷢˺öأ
³Ҳȥ˶Ǳߣ³㿴磬һ£æó˹ģЦϲֵһӣѧûڼаæǸѾ˳ģҲһ⡣
³ЦŽӹ̫ˣѽѾ϶ϲˣ
ȫ˶Χ³˵ʱֻѿĬĬĸ³㵹˱ˮ³ƼˣЦѿģ֪ܸ·˿ڿʣ
ĵ٩ѿնһ죬³㲻ȻĽӹѿ˾лѿҡͷվһȥˡ
³̫̫ҲЦˡ
-
³ԽϢ֮һģ˽һͬȥʱҲõ硣
ܻˣ
³ԽһűЦʣ³ɩ
˶˳ȥͼ³Խһӣ³̫̫̲סЦǵ̶𣿡
ֵĿ³ԽЩ졣³ԽЦɽ˵ҰˣմЩࡣ
ȥϴϴüһ϶У֪ĻΪ̶أ
񲻴Ȼ³Խǿһ˻⣺ժ˺ЩҰˣۼҺþûҰˡ
³̫̫Цˣְ⽣
ըɣԴˡ
³Цҽմӳ·ϻƼ·˳Դû뵽ܳԵɩˡ
ôЦŵȱǣ˻˵Цѿڳ֣׼
ƤЩ鷳ʳ֣˲ٶģû˼óʵާ˺;²˶Ǵܻӭģϴ飬׼ʵĺܲ˿ѿ˿ͽ˿ݷľ˿򼸸
е˳ɲ죬ͿôƤˡ
ѿǵһΰѧÿ죬һͻˡ
㣬Ƥôտѽ
մһ㣬Ȼһ󣬾տˡ
ѿһ¾Ͱһһˣ
Цͣ˴нӣҲζģ￪ʼըѿһ̨ӡܿ죬³ҵ׼ˡ
ƵըǳεģԲԲһֻƤڶ࣬ҧһڣִƵĴƤӣı˴ϵʡާ˺˵ʺϵģۻƵĳһըͣ
յʱҰǱ˵ǵĶΪһôһܹƷһ磬Ҫٵһˡ³˳Եĸϸϧϸϸľ׽ʱ߻֭ˮƽʱѾζĽӣձƽҰ˷ͷ
ȫԺġ
³̫̫СӣĿԱȥ磿
³ͷԣǰա
ѹ֣һ˵簴ʱȥģûͻˡ
³ЦҲһϲ
³̫̫ˣǣ￴͸ˡ
ȫĬû³㿼Σ³ϵЦ⵭ִݣȻӿȡϡ
ˣһʱǡ꾩ĵӿҵ˵ɩɩʡ
ӴˣĿȥǾ°
ػ֡𻨸⡢֡ɩɩҲ
ΤϽҲڣֻʼնܳĬɻǿЦǰһ㡣
Ҳ˳Цζȷھ￪ӵġ
³㣺ɩҲҲôһġ
ЦҪܵļˡ
-
ҹĻ٣³ҵСԺع˰³̫̫ڸŶסѿҲߣмĿĴԺӾȫɵġ³һһյԺȻЩ˯ˡ
ߣ֪ʹɩڰʲô죬żǳ³㷭˸ǿԼеעڶԺӡɶ̫ˣԽǰ³ĵ˿˿嶯޿ɶƵӳ
ѾȫǸССİǽȥӦò⡭ûмѿѿˣˣҲˣԺſǴҴҵһۣ³˰ͨͨ
δŵδޡ
뷨³˲ƿ˱˵أСĴԼͳһСţƿԼԺӵĴš
ںհ˯ȻһOO@@Ͷɶˣһ㶯ֲܷԾʶľȥ³Խ˭֪³Խ˿һ§סԼŮˣ˯
ôһת䣬ˡ
ܡСѯʣѯﻹЦ³Խ۵Ҳһ˿
Ц꣬˯
˵ͷæŵĴˡǽ³㣬ԺӵȴС
³ˣ̵ģδԼҲܸɳֱǣֱʥ顭׼ùʱǵ˼ҹӰȻڻƵĴǰһΡ
˭ѿСС³ķɿ죬ʶĿ˶Ժӡ
ŻѿѿӲͷƤǰһѿѿѿӰҲԽӲһ˲漴ǵССľųһ϶
㡢ôˡ
³̧ͷһ±ӵץסѧӡȡ޴뻹Žţûз֣ǵľŵ棬СķӦҲ̫࣬ǰ죬ܻûôţǺҹ޶˵ľ³һС
ںҲˣֻܸϽѻĶȡҲҳǰݣֻǷűߵĴ̨ϡ
ѿѿҸġ°ɣûʲôˣ˯
³㴹ɿ˵仰˵֮ҿѿı飬ѿ΢΢Ĺ³Ѿɿתˡ
ҹСҲȾһ糺죬˺ðβŴ򿪷߳ȥǰССĶ˽ȥ
ֽģɼ˵İϧѿĴ򿪣һӣ΢΢һŷһľģ̵ֵġ
ѿѾʮˣɴûΪ
ӵĶССҶ̵ľСɣҶ֮У۵Сѿĵ̽ͷһ֡
ŮĴǲԾĹɵ˫ֽŽµķ𣬽öѿͷϡ
滹жһӣǺЩķǿɫģй㡣
ѿ֪ʲôʱ̿ǰţǣþӣֻûй𻨡
һУţ̵͹𻨵˲ڻѿûгζ΢΢һһ˳źļ
Ƶĵƹ£ŮҲԽ
-
³˴ιңڼаĵס
һĬû𣬵ѿͷȴһֻµľӣﻹЦŴȤǳѿС죬³װû
Ҫֵأ³ӱŶһȥ꿼ʧĺܶ˿³㶼Щ̽񣬵³㲢Щ˵ǸԼҶ磬͵
ּʱ³Ҳֵ˵أֻֻͷ飬ﶮֵصļɣȥʱ³˸еķӡ
ԼĵҲһΪһϣһɣ߶Ҳôʧ顣һǼֵأ³Խڰš
ֵܹ͵ţ³ӣҪǲ⣬ҰӦþ⼸ˣ꿼ǰˣһ죬Ҳûи
ɵ磬³Щˣ³ԽҲ
ˣһ֣ȥЪЪһٸɣ
³ЦЦûǿֵվ﹡ϲ³ԽԶţ⣬ܿҪͷˡ
ÿˡ
ɽ죬ûеȵǵϤӰȵԼ
³̫̫ͺͷƵĳ¢ܣһܻһĨᡣ
ɰɣ
³վкȻʶʲô³̫̫嵽ǰĲˤһӣ滹ڴĺ
ɰ˵ˣˣ
³̫̫˻ź仰Ҳͬյľף﹡Ϸը


75 ³Ұ
ˣ
, 仰³סˣͬЩҲȫӿϲ
ѽѽǹϲϲɰ, Ǵ⼸Ψһһˣɩɩ, ҪͰÿ˵ﶼĽ
һŰ, Ƕ಻׵顣
ſԲøٸѵݣĶص𣬷ӵĸ߶ҲԱͨ˼Ҷ硣ͨũ˲֪ź;, ǰЩʵ, Ѿ㹻ۺˡ
³ֵ̫̫öҲˣɶҪˮϯɰŸɶأϽȥ
³ԽҲĵܵܵļ򣺡ϲܣ
³Żع񣬵˵ͷлл磡
һ·ϣ֪, ³Żϲ֪ģôֵĳҲͶ֪ˡ³ȫ˵, Ĳѣ³ɲҪſŵƽף, ֻǱ³סǵҲأЩˡ
³̫̫Ҳǣ̫ҲãԼ֪, ֺǺǵľˣ
˵, Բݵ鶼, ֱӴѿ˼ңߵԺſھ˵ҪһӺòˡ³ߣȴٴ䵽ѿϡ
С˫ҲģҲʢϲá
˵ղһ·ǵĹϲ³еһϲõĻڣǰСȻһӽ
³̫̫ϱҲùֵޣԼĳԲˣȹһӣǰϯ
³һæİϯͲ˰ɣҲɶر˲¡
˵ʲôвر˲£ҶӾ˲˲ģ³̫̫Ҫڣ³ȴл˵ûڣȻͬ͸˹
³ɣ³ģ³һѧã³ңõǽҰ飬ЦŵҪͰ㲻ţһȣ
ɶɶɶɶ³̫̫һ嵽ǰͷȥ³ĵһˣ֪ͷǾˣ֪Ҳֵȼģ˵Ǽһȣɶһȣ
ЦŽͣõģԺȥѧīֽһŲԼÿ»ףÿ껹ĹǮأ
³̫̫ˣ·ĹǮİٹƵģû˵§סɺޡ
ɰǺģĺöӰ
ҲæЦк˽Է˰ܣûɿúãҲˣҪæؼҲǡ
³⻰ûǿˣֻʱֳһѵĻǿ飬Цûоܾ
³㽫ߺ󣬲ۻԺУһüһԺѾˡɩֱӴӷ˺ЩֳɵˣʹѾѼŵĺþҲ˳иһЩϵھӣҲżŹء
³Цҡͷˣȫ˶ôˣҲˡʵϿԼӦò⣬û뵽Ҳõһ
ϵ飬Ҳ˾ϲġ
ֻ³û뵽ǣһİϯֻԼ֣Դһ֮һô³̫̫ͿʼŴˡҪ˵Ϊҫ治ǡ˼Ŷأǿɶģ˾͸пԷԭЩģҲҲˡ
ǻЩģŰͽᡣϾڴɶĶֳ˸ţԺ³ҪǷˣαغ˼ء
ôһ룬³ͱˡ
ҲǶߵģΪ³̫̫סڶ³ҲߣмԺûסǱ߳ΤϣҲڣγĶԱȡ
ӣæ˲ׯǱߵֱȥǱߣ˵ɶģΤϲ˵ʲôǴεĳܱҲ޼գףҲΤ˸ӰճɻҲô˵
ֹգ³̫̫ǣߣŸ³Ͷ˶һ٣ͰԲݡȻûˮϯԲݵĲ㻹˸
ԼӵĴϲ£³̫̫ȫڸкţɺͶȻҲæ
Τϱ˳ҲڣʱʱĿſԼˡɸ˵ķ·ԼƵģкҲˡ
ƹѲһЩûյ˵ˣЩ󲿷ֶź⣬Ҳвǵģȷ˵Ԭ
ԬһűˬʴЦѽ֣治˼ôȻңǰֵܵ˰
̼ǮСֱӶһһһӣϸź첼Ҳ֪ɶ
ܰ͸Ͻ£ǰû棬ճ̣ǺѣǸļ񣡹ϲϲ
³㿴ݺ΢΢һ¡³̫̫ȻҲˣɫҲһ䣬ЩԹĿ³ɡ
³Լû뵽ԬҲ֪ǴõϢ
³㷴ӦǰЦл̴磬ǿͣźȱƣֻЩ̫ˣҾͲˡ
ԬѽһʲôϽ£Ҫǵ˾ˣͳɱĹ
⻰˵ģ³͸ˡ
ţھҪôҪǱ֮״浽ȥոյţǶҪЩΣˡ
³ӣ֪Ǻã³̫̫һĸ³ʹɫ³Ҳþܾ˵ģ³Խ߲Ծ˹³Խˡ
ɣҴˣ⼸ҲȥԱ⸮̸⣬û뵽ȼˣ
Ԭһ㶣ûüڣǶͱȥˣ󺰣ԱԲݺݣڸλӳ
һͱ˸ԲݵˣڳҲˣ³ڷԼͶȥһм
³ԽƽʱôȾƵģȻѵųԬڷˣһһĹ࣬³ӦҲһͬ
ơ
һ粨оյĶ˹ȥ³̫̫ҲеˣæôˣҲһ㣬ϽȺˡ
Ǻ֪ȴ׼ЦӦһ
ĲɫͶһũҲˣȲʲô˲ϯʳƫ࣬ҳԱ㣬ٷҲ
ϣ³̫̫æɽеԼæ˵ԼͿˣڲѡЦŰοҲûϵ˵ڴӵһλҲϯˣҽŵͷʶӺܸˡ
³̫̫æǣҶڲһˣԺҪעһЩСһЩǡ
³Ĭһᣬֵԭ֮һǼҳһҲţӻҪѧȡԺиˣﵱϾǶӵԸ
³̫̫ĨͷǣҲһ죬ҵĺöӣɡ
³̫̫ԼС˵˺һĻȻȥϢˣţ侲ְ³ɸˡ
³ɾ͵أ֪϶Ҫ˵ˡ³̫̫ȴ쳣ƽʵǸ̼ҵô
³üǸϢ֪֪ͨܵ飬Ȼˣû
Ҳ˵ԺĴ㣡Ҳˣǳ̼˾Ͳ˾ĺˣǸԱôģҶһ
˼ǡ
³̫̫ҵ˼ǣԺ߶˵·ӣҪװ˾ȥģմȾϣֻǳΪİʯͶҲܣɲУҲˣԺҪܵĵ͵ɵĻǣڲǸţĿŵǮģԺ󻹵ˣ
³ɵͷ֪ˡ
˵֪ˣ̬ʵҪ˵ҲΪ飬ϱŪǼɹģһû㣬ɣʵ˵ǸûǷ˼
ǣ³£̧ͷĵôҲôʣҪ˼еȵڣǡ
һҲûУ
³ֱӲӣûУ
³̫̫üۣźһ
У㣬ǸԼҵ飬ûڱ͵ģ
Լҡ
ᵽԼң³ˡ
뵽ӵ֮֮ǰ֮Ȼ˵ˣǣ˫ǵ۾ǰ
³̫̫ʲô׵ģĵ¾ϵЬݺݳ˼£֣֣
ۣ
³ɺһ³̫̫ļ侲˰ͣӣǳðѳ̼˸ҶסˣҪǸҵɣҲ㣡
³ίͰ͵ģԴͳˡ
ţ³ֽ̫̫³Խ
³ɶͷȥʱܾһ˲³ԽҲֵĿ۴磬߽

ɰ
ӣ³ֻ̫̫࣬ѸղŴɺɵ鶼³Խ³̫̫ûбӸɿˡ
³Խ˵˳̼֮Ҳüͷ
ǳԬʲôƲ磬ܻһֱҪЮ硣
Ǹǲ˵ɶˣ£ɶûУ
³Խ˼Ƭ̣ûʲôرõģֻ˵ͳ̼˵Ĺϵʱάţ񣬲֪ô룬ҴҸͷ͸ͻȥˡ
³̫̫ͬĵ˵ͷţĶԣֶ̣˼ҵĺãָԺҪʲô£齻ҷģȫˣҵĶɡ
һ˲˵ЩϢˡ
ȥɣ⼸ˣúϢ
-
³ɻطҲЩơʵҲЩˣҲǲǶԼ̫һ㣬˲·ɱ˸ĸ³ɿʼЩʵһȥͰ괺ӵǮ͹ȥˣ˵ʲôҲҪţ³ԽҲûܾҵڶ죬³ɻȥ㡣
Τ϶һж֪ò룬ڶǱ߿޶ɻصԼ֮㲻ô˵ˣΤϴ󲿷ʱ䶼ֻ˳˳˯ˣҲ˯ˡ
ѵõģڴĺΤ˵˾仰˵Ļ߰ɡ
Τһ̾ͻͷ
˵ɶ
³зƣڵ˾䣺ûˡ
Τ˾ˣûæ͵˵ģ
ԣ˵ġ³ɺȻһжۣڵߣ֮ԸҲòԸҲն£Ҳˡ
ΤΪ˵Щģô˵Щˡ
զǣɶˣúұƵġҿɴû˵
ǣǼٴˣϽ˯˲ˣҪô
Τϻ˵ʲô³ɶԷ˿һӰΤƲƲ죬ˡ
-
ڶ죬Ȼˣ³̫̫Գ˵ģ˲ٵǮΤԭԸҲ˵ʲôǸˡ
һʷı꣬Ҳû˵ʲô
ߺ³̫̫ΤҪҪһӣΤЩ裬ҡͷʱˣǮʡţ˳ȥѧðɡ
³̫̫һû˵ʲôˡ
-
³ʱڵˮĶ࣬ͣ԰˵Ǽ£³ЦƵƵ
ֻ͢ĵɣ鳹ڲɣʧȻһʱ˶˿ɣأԼв³ҴҲֵĲˣ³ɵǮҲԹ
ֻԽæԽٹңʱղҲǳ£ʱǶΤһЩǮ
ǮΤ
ȻˣɿԼˣΤ
ԺģͶǱߵ֣Զˡ
³̫̫һֱһҪ飬һ£ѿТһ˵Ļ¾ˡ
ҪС޻ˣ³̫̫⼸գǱˡҲæһޣǰĹнŮܼѿסң൱ѿңɱ㲻ʱʱǰû˹أ³ҲֻŹأԼԺš
һǽ֮δޣҲ֪ΪΣ缢ƿʵ鼮־䣬һֶȥˡ
Բݵɻ𱬣ĸҲƽһ̶һʮͷЩ˹ӦݣʣµģͿԿʼӹӦ
ڴ̵ˣҴҵ˷ݡ
Ҿ˵ôôѴģԭһĹǶĹһȻת˺üص֣ڣѾһˣǷҰ쾢
һˮ˵ҵģȿˮɤӰɣɩȥżҽǮˣܻܿ
˿ܣûɶˣס֣ϱҲˣģԽԽã϶׬ٵǮʱҰǮ㣬ܡ
ЦˣҪ˵
ǿ϶ġ
˵ĻʱˣݱЦŵˣģ
ͷЦǣҲȫǣҴڵˣǸˣ֪ò̸
룺û£ʱȶɻҺһ¡
ţɩӣ¨Ҹ׽Ļ㿴Ҫ

ƿ¨ӿһۣʮץҲΪץôֻ࣬ǺЩڿŤŤȥģʵ˵θڣֻһ۾ͱͷ֪󲹣׼˵Ժȥһɴ̱ǵζ˱ǶкȻӿһϤķθС
Ųһ٣ɫ΢˼֡
ɩӣզˣ㿴Ĳԣǰġ
ǲζ̫ˣɩңóɱ
֮ǰʱɱ˲ٵ㣬ζ˵ѾϡƽҲδµСһвһ룬æǺЩӶûûϣ졭
۾һѵ
㣬췹ݲæˣæʹȰɣ£Ҫȥһ¶ɡ
ãɩȥɣ
Ӻ˳ԼĶӣȻЦˡ


76 ˫ϲ
³̫̫Ϊɵ±ֺǺǵ, 磬³Խһ֮Լ䣬³̫̫Ҫӿˡ
ģ
³̫̫־ϲ, ͵ľץס֣ϱ, ˣ𣡡
Це, ³Խһۣ˵ͷղŶɼȥܴҽ￴ˣӦû⡣
³Խ˫Ҳţܴ˵һˣĿǰ̥ƽ, ûʲô⡣
һ¡Ǿ³ѽ, ѽǸͷۼɶͽ˫ϲţǰʱôæϱϽúϢһ£Ǳ˰, Щ¶ǣԼúЪţ³̫̫һˣ˷ܵ˵ͣ
Ц֪
³ԽڷæʱӦöȥˣʱҿеĻˡ
³̫̫ԶԶ, ǧѶϱˡ
³ѿϢҲæϲ
ѿһžͿĵ֣㣡ϲ㣡
³ҲЦŵϲ, ϲɩ
³̫̫ҲЦҲĽͶɩҲˣ
³̫̫һ仰ѿ³, Ҳþûм, ҪǽһϹϲ, 治֪ɶʱܼһ棡
³죬ȴʱʱǸС
³ԽҲһۣĿﺬڻǡ
Τǵϲ֪Ϣģ˳ζûعȻֻˣ⻹һŽһšͷԼӣЩңԼûͬʱУתһ룬ڷ˼ң̥ǶӣͬʱҲ£˳кࡣ
³ɻûؼңȻ֪¡һʱ䣬ɹҵĴԽԽ٣ҲԽԽΤæչ˶ӣкܶҲֻΤŶǱߵЦЩ
쵽ʱˣ³ڻˣһΣġ
ϱҶˮݽţ
ΤûĶ˹һˮчRһ£ͷĽűߣˮӽ³ɵĸ첲ϣ˻һ
ܲ㣿
Τڴǰͷ
³ɸհѽŷŽͱ۵צģô̵ˮôϴ
̰Լȥˮ£Τϵĵ
³͵̧˽ţֳըҩǰɣǲһ첻ҳһܵĻţ
ΤҲط£Ҳ㳳㿴һ죬ǺȵҹأûУ㶼֪ԼһˣҲͷɣ
³ɣһΪңΪ˳ɶ
˵һ룬ȻӦ˹
˵ûˣﰡ
ΤüѿǲĺͿˣ
³Ĩ˰˼֣Ҫ񡭡Ǻ°ʮһӷۣЩɽ֮ȥ
Τۣɶô࣬ⲻǲŻϱʾһ¾ҵʱ˳ʱҲ͸ʮ𣿡
³ɣǮôô٣Ǵ磬͵㶫òӦ˳µʱ˼û㣿ûޣ
ҲҪ°һһ밡˼Ҵδθһ㶫ҪʮٱĻȥɣ
³úֱժ˸ɰӹȥˣȱǮˣȥá
Τһҭ
³ˣֻҪΤǮػΤһЩǮ죬һʼΤϵȷһףֻڡüëһ
ɡ
³ɣɶ
ʵ˵ҲׯӵɣۼҼҵж٣
³ҲüëɶûǮ˾֨һҸǡ
Τߵǰת˺ü䣬Լ֮ǰ˵ĻץסǮӣҪġ
ҪǮΤϺȻڵ
ɶ³͵̧ͷȫǲš
ΤϣôԾɶϱǮʲôûйǲǵĴ˼Ҷ𣿣ҴӼ޸һûҹܹǮǮˣҰţ˳ѧãѾޣҪá
³Цˣ㣿Ҹʮİɣأת۾Ǹ˸ߥˣᣬΤҪ֪֮Ҳй˵ı£
Τ۾һ¾ͺˣ³ɣһҵѣһʲôȨ˵ңҴŶӸ㻳ŮҪ˭ȥģڵǻ˵ˣ
³üȥҲˣǹǮܣµ⣡
³ɵĻ˵̫ΤԼû뵽۾ֱֱĿŴɣ³ҲЩƣ˿תȥ˯ˡ
Τڴ߲˲ᣬ˳˺ð졣

Ǳߣ³Խֲκˡ
ﲻᣬѲϴЦãɣڰɣѾ̥ˡ
̥ҲС
³Խԥľܾ￴ʵƽʱûôɹػֻҪ³ԽڣеۻȫġֻǸһЩճĻƣͺñո֥С£ɾȻˡ
ͲǸеӣЩЦãϴ˿û³ԽҲˡ
ܺú˵ʱˣ³ԽͰ§˻ʼס

ܲ.ĥģһ˫ԲԲҲʢˮ⣬³Խḧ֣᣺ˡ
ûסһЦˣô֪һǸ椣
Ҿ֪³ԽƶĿƣĶӣ·ݻϵģӦȽһ죬ҾһǸˡ
ЦʣһҪǣô죿
ǡ
³Խû⣬
ĸ椣Ҫ治ǡ
治ǵĻͲҪˣˣȥ￪Ц
³Խһ漴ҡǸ椣϶ǡ
ﲻĶˣԼСҲ¶ľѣðɣʵҲǡ
³ԽЦˣܿ죬ЦϣȻЩźͺ졢˴壬ҡǲǲá
ᵽ£ɫ৵һ¾ͺˣ㻹˼˵
Ĳ׼ᣬڱǰҲǰ³Խ˺һ·ǧ֤
ҵĴ³Խæһڡ
ǧҡ
ʵں£ڽܴ˵̥ȣ³ԽĲŷŻ˶
ٲˡ֣ء
㻹ᣡšһѣ³Խ۵˻һϻЦŵģһС§˯ˡ

£ԲҲ˲СĲӣԲݵĻƶһˣ˵󣬸˵۾ˣҪ·ĴС£ר̥
ЦҲڣֻҿȷʵҪһ־ȥһǻŴҵġ
һˬЦƹӣģ
ͬƵģŴֶһۣЦˡ
ʦԲٵɱˣҲȹ٣ʦоϲģһһ˵˵ЦЦģܿһ͹ȥˣչ磬³Խ͹ˡ
ɩȥæɣǾУܶһˣѿ֧ʦȷòʲôĵĺ³Խȥˡ
ôôңʡ
³ԽЦԸģȥ¸ܾҪˡ
ԣҲȷðȥæ顣³԰ɣ
³Խͷţǡ
ЦǾͲһˣȥǱߴ磬ľЩɡ
ãġ
֪ôȥܵĻһ棬һΪ̥ҲֵУֻҪʲôҲžͺãȥҲµһ꣬ЪžЪţ˭ԸЪˡ
ˣ
ߵԺУΤϣΤϱ˳ҲߣԺкЩҪõĶ
ɩﺰһ
ΤЦʮ飬˸ӣðϲˣţҽ˵ˣ㶫̥ԣ
ΤϽӹĿӳģԾкܶණЦɩ
ѽҵʱ˳ʱҲŰɡ
Τϵһûоܾ³Խѿȥˣ³̫̫ҪʼΪܵĻޣ沼ҲҪһ
ܵԺӾ̫̫Ժ䣬³Խ޵ģͶĲ
ѿסҲϰߡͰĳߴȫãӡӡϴܡױ̨ЩҪȥʹ︺޻޻˵ãĵ޻һĴиϴġ
·ĲãӵЩΪѿ⣬Լ߾ͰҪ޵Ļˣϵ칤ѿһ׵ΣЩҪԼ壬ʣµĶһְԲ
æ£żǱ߾ͶΤϺ³̫̫ޣΤϻ˳ûչС³̫̫հСʱõҡᵽԺ
ⶼǶִģ˳ðɣͷã˳ɹɹ̫³̫̫Цޡ
ŵĻΤϲҲǿЩհùͲʹ죬˳Ҳҡֻľû͹ˡ
Τϲ鲻Ըİ˳ˣԺ·ѾʮȵհʹѾΧ˹հûô˳ϡˣһֱΧİĵܵܿѾһֱհǰƺԸ
հǸɶģҲѾƫƫҪﻹţܡܡ
հԺæŮ˶ȥˣ³̫̫ЦհɶʱẰˣ
ǰͻˣɽ̵ġ
³̫̫ˣհǴѾء
³̫̫һ仰ΤϾЩˣӲͷƤ˵䣺ѾҲˣֻǲں
Ŷ𡣡
³̫̫æŸ룬ûϡ
Τϻ˵ʲôҡǱߺȻˡһѾ֪ôˣ͵һ°հƵ˵ϣհˤ˸ʵƨɶա
հûޣԺͬõԪͶն˲ͳ˹Ԫ˭ף໵һѾ۵һȿˡ
ӴӴҵСڣڸɶأ³̫̫߾˹ȥΤϺҲһ
³̫̫ȻһȰѴӱΤܵѾǰɷ˵ѵѾأôƵܵܣ
ѾίˣȻҲЩڣǰհֲңоѾԣѾޣܵûˤʹ㿴ܵܶûޡȻҲ۶ӣоѾհҪίѾһɣհϵֺãӦòͻȻհŶԡ
Τȴɷ˵ıŮҪѵһ٣³̫̫סˣˣС֮䣬иĿĲǺ
ΤϣҲǽС𡣡
Ѿ⣬˵˵
³̫̫ȻӣŮѾԥһ£յĹȥˡȥʱ۾һֱհհƵġ
ѾѾˡ
СﻹǶµģȥ֮͵Ǹȥհ֣հ۾ҲҲģѾ֮ЦЦԣعںˡ
յССΤûʲôˮ뵱ѵѾҲΪúﶼڳɲ뱻˵ԼŮ̲ܽãصԼԺ
Τϱ㲻ˣչ˶Ҫ¡
ϵʱ³Խ˵£³ԽͷôòԾ
ʲôԾǲŶѽҾǾãѾôƴĲհȥ˳ΪɶأѾôϲհԼϲǿ鶼ܸհӦòǻ˳հ
³Խû˵ھǰκӣ￴ʵĺ󱳽һ䣺㻰ء
³ԽȻͷЦЦһ£
ﱻһ仰һЦŪЩȣܾԼλ֮Щ֣ˣֻǾ³Խ߾Щġ
³Խ֪ԼС޵˼ϴ֮˿ȻȻİ˳һ§
Ҫ˵
ﻷסҪ³ԽȻһ
˵գգЦ
³ԽһҾôѾΪ˳հǰСʱҲһֻ󹷽дڣҲһֻҿι˼죬ȻھͲˣȥιĹʱǰǵһ
ˡ
˼ǡѾհհ˳֮Ͳϲϲ˳ˣԲհ
пܡֻǲ£Сӵ˼ʵȴĸհû˳ദҲԼôµġ
˺ðΣͷҾ˵ĿеѾհ֮ҲεĿˣ⺢ǡ׸԰ɣϲˡ
³Խ׸⣬װ۵ģġ
Ҳϲԡ
³Խ˵꣬ʹչȥһڣȵĺﳯһ㣬һεεĴԾľ˳³Խһ

оԼ˵ˣ˸͵ذѱһǾת˸˭֪˿ɲݣⷽо˵ѧϰ֣ϱı仯۾Ҳһ׷˹ȥ

ʱĺܿ죬µĴǽصׯȫοһ飬Ϊ³ɣԵʣΤһƸˡϡ
ЩӴǱҪģ³ʵϵأ뵽߶߶İ˼룬͸һЩҲǸΤҸ
Τϲϵŵֻ֪ЩװֵСϳ潫ܸ˿׬ǮΤϺܸˣרԺ˺üϺɣҶרιϡ
³̫̫û˵ʲôϱи¸ҲǺõģó޳ܣǴѾƺǺϲЩСӣû˾ܣΤƽʱͶܵ٣ŮҲֵС
ӹĵǺܿ죬ת۾͵¡
£³ҪӭһŴϲ£³ѿҪˡ


77 ɳ
ǰһ, ȥѿķڡ
ӳǰһҪһЩ£ȻͳеΡվѿСﴩŴļ£˫ҲǺ˵ġ
ѿѿͳ, ʱǿ졣
֪, ѿ³һˡ
ѿȦ, 㡭
лĻ˵ǻߣ־˵һ
᣺ôö˶˵Ŀˣ֪˵ɶ, ϶һ, ҪôģҪˣӱҵãһһģ
ѿΪЦصĵ˵ͷһҪԲݸæġ
ǿ϶ģڷҪû, һ治֪Ҫôźá
ѿױ˵һЩŮҳǰҪѧ飬ѿɫͨ, ǵѿСһ䣺㡭Ҳô𡭡
Ҳˡ
ʵ˵, Ҳͱѿ꣬ʮء
ɼûܸЩˣֻ, ӭͷƤ˵ͷ, , 겻ĹҶ˸졣
һͳһСӣЩɡҺûСӣҪȻЩ˵ڣѿͷӵİѶӹˡ
ҲϢɣһ磬Ȼ׽ҪһȦܻ·;ҲǺԶġ
׵ķӣ³̫̫ģΪǴӶ߳ޣܲ˵һż׾ˣ⾩һȦʱԢⶼոպá
ѿͷ˫ҲģҲȥϢɡ

һ磬³Ҷ߱㿪ʼˣһһ󣬽֪ѿ³׵˶׷ǰأΪŮûʲôˣ̫̫˲ھӣҲǹųˡ
ʵ³̫̫˼ƾɽţף׵˭᲻һ
ĸ˺͹ǣ˵ľͲһˡ
˵³ӾһͿһʱȻ˸ԼĶ˵ôһ£޶ҪԼһȦߣҲûʲôҵס
˺Լû³ɣôû˼ǸǱɣҲ˿ˣȥ³˰ˤȣЩ׼˵׵ִùģҲֻж̾Ϣķݡ
ȻҲбĽģһССĹŮ޹ȥͳˣ⻹治ĸôܲĽ
ܱô룬ǿͣ³̫̫кǣɣҲȢԼ˼ҹĹˡ
ʱϻΡ
ѿ˵עĿ˻ΣһֱĿҲѿųӣЩӴҶѿԲݵСãóޣ۾Щġ
Цɶѿ˸żȥ˸ڵԺڷݣ
㶮ɶн飬үɶһ߶ȥ
ӣȷЩ飬Ҳֵ飬һ
ɵľƳӣҲȥ
³Ҳμӻ˵ȷ˼أдУȾǾͲˣһȺүǶŽҲ¶˷ܵ顣
ھתһȦʱֻص³ңղ׵ֱӭ׵ģվɵԺǰղǵ˸Ͳˡ
Σ
ȵͣԺǰѿ֪ԼˣȺЦʮְ
ǣźһһţǿ裬ˡ
³̫̫ҲЦ춼ϲ£СĶӽҲˣһЦһ۾ֺˣ̲סĨĨᡣ
붴
˶ĺǶΧƸͷĪԼʱĳ³ԽƿͷʱǰֵˣЩ¡
³Խվ󣬿³ԽҲһȺĹס֣εεĵһۡ
ӵ˲䣬еۻ⧲ӿ˳
Ҳꤵĵſϯˣⳡϯʦ뵽˼УɫԲ˵Ŷǿͣ˵˶ٵķǮܳôһľϯиٵģлò˼ء
ھˮǹܹľϵżҾƷһֻһ㣬ֵܹĹɹ٣³̫̫۶ӣСӣƽʱôȾơ
³ɺ³Խ̵ĻǣȻͳ˵Ƶȷ档³㿪ģź˺ЩѾЩվˣ͸æɹϯ
Ѿһ͸µģ˿͵ǰ³мӹлɩ
ɶһ˸ϽȥɣҪżˡЦеĵ
³һȣҲЩ
׷Ҳ޷Ǿô¡ʱҹ仹㲻ýվҲôһСǡôˣܹͶϵŮӣȻ죬İ˸Ȣˡ
³Ѿַٵȥ˾ԡֵľҲѾɢĲˡŲԶССĵƹȥ֨һſڴ齱ߵŵҲ΢΢һתͷ
³㲻ȻĹţϯ֮⣬һɺжһģӿ̳Ӻͽţѿӵְǰһ䣺³磬Ѿˣ
³˵ͷˣɩġ
ѿһ
εɢһЩ³㳯˹Ȼأɳ𣿶
ѿҡͷʱҲ͵Ĺ
³жԶɩĸмֶ˼֡
ѿ˵꣬ʶԼ˳ƺѾˣٺˣ۽޸һ飺˵ˡǶɩ
³Ȼļһ
Ƕɩ
Ѿˣһ壬νȻҲҪĿڡ
⻹³һ
о΢۴⣬ʱѾӽʱ̣ɫҲʱЪˡ
˰ɡ³㿪ڵ
С˵⻰˲ͨ죬ĵ˵ͷ׼ʼ̴죬³һ͵ؾͽ˵ָץסˡ
ѿһˮĴ۾ȻͿǰˣ³ҲֵֻǸ⡣
ѿѿ
ѿĻҵӦһԽԽԽԽ³㽫˻

ĵңСԺ»عϲ·ϲ͵Ĺ⣬ؼֶһ͵ķޣѿ³ૡ
ɡ
³Ķһ١
ɣɾ
³ɿ죬೤İУסĴ


78 ³
ˣ
ͭһ, иǰİǶ׷׿˹ȥ
ǣ³̿ҵƷͶʮһͷĶ͵ö, ԼϾι, ͯ۰һ, ɤ̾еˡ
˭Ҳû뵽Դͷȥ, Ѿõķʽص˴ҵǰ֪һѷĶ˹, ֪Ҳ˹
ǲİ, 𣿡
ЦˣͰȵȵ, һǾɱͷ˾ûˣ
ҿƷզ
ΪܵԵ, óһʱ䶼ʽ, ĶлҲģ֪³Һͷµ, εǰǮˡ
ѽ, Ҫ˵ˣⶵתת, ³Խǰھӵ̯к
³ԽںԺ⣬̧ͷЦЦ֮ǰʱ, ڸպá
˵ȼ¾ͰӸ, զڲſҵ
³ԽҲģˣȥ̶Ҫʱ䳤ǣ
Ц˵еҸɣ
³Խ, , ľһ, ϳƸոպ붼ƫһµġ
ġ
˸˸Ĵָ
³ԽЦЦ
һʱ䣬ģ³ԽǺֵβͣѰնîʱͳˣʱ̫ûȵܲסˣվһ绹Ͽģ治һˡ
ȥˣ³Խë磬ЪЪɡ
û£ۡ
³ԽȻЩЩ㿳꣬ĥ˵ûؼҿ
֪뷨Цǹɩأ
³ԽϣﴽǣһڼӲ㡣
Ҳǣɩ˫̥ϾҪЩǸĽ㣬˫ǶҲĸȥֵúϲ£أ
ϸ˫̥ģԴԻĶһһԣĸңͺͻհ²ˣΪ޶Щ˭֪ܴճʱһӣ³ԽԽԽʱܴžϲ⡢˫̥
ɶ
˵³Խ³̫̫ҲûӦ˫̥˫̥
˵Ҷϱ˫̥³̫̫ӵˤȥ³Խۼֿķסˡ
ԣ޵˼
ܴȻҲЩҽô꣬ûֹ˫̥иٿҲķӦ˹Ŀ³Խ
ȫֻ³Խڵ³̫̫ĴЦɣɵ˲ɣ
³ԽɵˣҲȫֵġݵ˷ܹҲһ˿˿ǣ
հʱͳ˴࣬Ҫհ³Խ˲սȭͷ

ɣ￴³ԽɫЩɻ³Խû˵ʲôǳЦЦá
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³һβμԣŵʱ³̫̫ģ⿼ˣô׵飿³̫̫ǰĵʱ˵⿼пһҲϵģ˵ǹԺǻӬУľսҸѧӣܽȥĶţǾ֣Ҳ֪³̫̫˵иٿǰ
ͬĶк˵ˣСûˡ³̫̫˺üجΣ̾Ͳɡ
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Ҳǣ˼ڼӺü䣬ֵⶼϵģܵܶ黹Сһ׮ֻЩô˵ţȴⲻһζ
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û뵽ô˵һʱҲůģһʱ̲סҲ§ס³ԽĲӣá

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˶ãȴ֪ͨͨϰնԣ﷿۴αȣһ䰤һ䣬ܵĶ͸ѿ³һ΢Сסˣѿڿ죬ⶼʰĸɸɾ׵ģֹסޱȣҲá
ӶûʲôθڣѿǱѧݲ˵ķӣӲЩӣθˬСϰ࣬ôҲЩҵζ³ÿڸѧù飬һٷˣҲˡ
ҪԺˣѿ³׼һ
˻ϴóԱʱ֮ҩȵȣ
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֪³ס󣺡׻ǿˣҪִҪμοԡһ
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ѿˣ̲סšһѣЩ׵ʱϲŶ˵öˡ˭ء
ѿѿҾǵģԲԣ
ѿ
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Ҳ᲻ôҲ᲻³ֻ̫̫Ƕš
ԩңԩң
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ΤϹܲŮֻ³̫̫Խ̵Ѿһ꣬󲿷ʱ䶼ڶ
ΤϵҲǲܣֻ˳⺢ЩڽˣԴ֮󲻹С꣬˻գ
˻ضǣ˻ӣʵǰΤŵùǺһչ˶ӶŮҲֲɶ˵³ֻ׬ǮǮܹûС³̫̫ѵʱҲҲһӰӵġ
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⻰ҡҡͷҾòܣȻûô˼ңﻹڣġ
ϿһҲ˵һɶֻ³ҲׯһһպãͷʢҲˡ
һлĸ׵ġ


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ֻϧȲ, ԺиɡԷʱ³̫̫ΤϺ, ΤϽҲֲûƴǡ
, ҲûЩ, ֻǴŶΤ, ת˺ü䡣
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ţ˵öԣ
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ŹЦˣҲô˵ҪΪΤϼ޵³ɡ
ԶԶԣΪ³ɣӦϻˣ޶˲Ҫ°ҽ˵ˣҲֻˣҿɹܲˡ
Źһˣ³ڷ˼ң³̫̫һ£ôɶ
Ʋ죺йһ°ˣΤȻûɶ飬һҪͷиɶ벻ֿˣǻǣ浽𣿡
Ź룬ΤҲһ֣ҿϵһƬã³Ҫ˼˵ٸǷޣȢС檣Τ˵ʲôʲôҲ˵ˡ
⻰һۣ˼Ҫ³ɴ檣ΤϡҲǣҪǴ͵͵Τϻܿ䣬Ҫ³ģûˣǸǵУҲûҲģ
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ЩնܵĲ˭֪ܵȥȥˣ
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³ԽҺһ
ãչ˺üϱհ

³̫̫֣³ԽҲ˵ʲôá
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ΤԺ￴˻ЩƣһģȥĶѾıľҪȥΤסˣѾ̶ˣȥǱ߸ɶ
Ѿˣ򵥵ľӶ˵ͷΤϣҵܵܡ
ΤһҭȻʶʲôסȥɶڻԼ˲첻ȥˣڼҴš
Ѿֻظҵܣ
ΤϣҲܡ
ҪǱߣѾȻһžΤϵȥˣŮĻΤסˡ
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ΤϺȻԹĿ۶Ǳߣ׷˹ȥҪﵽ׸Ůʲôħ䣿
³̫̫ˣŶѾհ棬ϰһѵߣհһѾǰݣ㡢㡪
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ΤϿĶӣЦðڻðɣ˫̥϶ɡ
Τϵڶǵ˫̥ʱĳ˷ܵĶҪȥſڷűˣأ˳ʱﲻҲЦЦΤϾãһӶҪѹһͷˡ
ЦЦãҲǺ࣬ɩզˡ
Τϴ˼лع񣬳˸Цûɶﲻ֪ɶȥˣ˵ﲻڣѾϳܵģⲻǹⲻȥҴߡ
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Τ˵꣬Ϳ˿ϵŮŮڼʱûʲôӦǻһסԽԽһѱס˴Ѿߣһȥ
ѾȻһԶհϵߣһţߣߣ
Τϼѹŭ𣺡ɡʲôԼûط𣿡
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ΤϺۺȻһ㶣ΤæһԼı飺ˣұȥ
˵꣬˴ѾĿһѾͰѴѾԭغһֱΤߵſڣѾĿ޺
³ԽŲԺͳ˵ΤϱŴѾȥҲ΢΢һ㶣˸硣
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ǻƴˣ³̫̫ЦһҿǸԼ˸˵ģǸԼ˸Ѿ߰ɣ
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ޣ³ֶ̫̫

⣬⣡³ôһԴӴϱ
ʱһ仰˵³̫̫ŴѾߣ߱ҪϾĸӹϵѾҴߣǴˣΤܺԼˣ½ٹҿ㣡
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³Խ۸ڵĸڣԥһ£˵ͷ


80 ҳζ
Ǳһνɹ, òɿ³̫̫Ѵһأƾǳȥеһֱ, бһ, ⱬǸʲôҲˡ
ֻǳһ룬³̫̫վ˳, Ǻӱ, Ҫ˯õģҪһ³̫̫ü, ԥҪҪȥСҲʱ, Ǳͣˡ
³̫̫ϸȥû˳, Ҳͻ˿ϣˡ
Τϵȷ, ԣϻбӵӣڿͷϿޣŶֹסᡣ³Ҳȷʵˣղ˳Ĳɿǳھӡ
ô
Ĭ˺þ, ΤĨ˰ʡ
³ɷƵĨ˰ҰᵽǰԺȥססԺ, ˴侲һʱ䡣
Τ͵̧ͷֹסˣ㲻ֱӺҺ룡
˵ֵʱǲ, 촽һȥѪɫ
ǳ嶯, 롭𣿺֮Ҫ, Ǹңûŵأ˳ĴѾΤ类һˮŴȻЩڣںҲˣֻģȴ³ɵС
Ҳ롣
³ƽ
ΤһһʯͷǶʹģȴҲ˵ء
׼ȢС檣Τҧҧʡ
³ûش⡣
ʱȥ˵Ұ㲻ᣬչ˺ôѾ˳ÿµǮҶճ㣬º˵ɡ
³˵ֱ˳ȥҪȥһ֪ղΤӣͼˣڶڵ̬
³ǰŸߣΤϾֿʼˡ
ʹʹ˵֣ɵ˵ʱָеĺ¡ǰʲô취ʲôǮ
ݺݵĨ˰ᣬ
-
³̫̫³˵ĻĬá
ķӣ
š³ƣӦһұͻң룬ΤȺˣָҪʲô鷳ͽա
³̫̫ϱţ
ҴǰǶΤ̫ˣּʱֵһҾ͸úúýѵѵΪ˼ͣӵԽԽģ
³̫̫꣬ݺݵӡžһ˶
ϱ⣬û⣿
³Ŵ˵
Ұ˵ĻûУ˵£
³ɹŲӲ˵³̫̫ˡ
ãõĺܡɣǳӲˣУҲˣԺ˵ʲôȨϱԸҲУԸҲգôãҾ͸϶סҲģ
³üͷţðΣŵ˵ˣôҲܲæˡ
ȶӽ⣬һڳðһլӣʱԸס߾סߣԸסȥҲԻ顣
³ɵĻ³̫̫ЦһҶǳϢˣϢˣ
³ȥЪˣΤǸúﶼ۰ѾԼ˺Ϳ
˵⻰ɣҸղ˵ˣǵһŲܣǸֻҪͣһٸܾУ
³ɳĬվһᣬãˡ
³ߺ³Խĵİհˣ³̫̫˵˺һдڣ³̫̫źࡣ

͵ɣл硣
³һ³ӿͣˣ³ѿǮ
Ұȥɣࡣ
򿴳³ǸˣǴʡǸոտѧģҲЩ⣬ӽȥһЩֻܿ˰ˡ
³㾪ϲ̫ллˡ
³Ѷᵽſʱ³ԽԺߣܣ³ԽһϽ¶
ܻˣ
³ԽһɤӣŶ߽ҪˣȻ³̫̫Ŵӷ۵糸ľͳ˳Ҷ
³㳯Լ¶Ц
³£֮ǰʱһЩ³ֻ̫̫ǸˣôԼӺ棬ǼסѿϱˣҶչ˵Ķã
ѿһ㶣ɬĿ³㣺˵ﻰⶼҸġ
հʹѾҲẰˣĺһ³Сһͷԡ
ҲЦ˳ܻˡ
ѿ³һɩ
³̫̫۾ЦһˣÿζĴϲ£Ǹûãɩ˫̥ˣ
˫̥
ѿ³ȷˣѿӦ˹æܵߣɩģ
Цŵ˵ͷš
³Ҳæϲϲɩ
³̫̫˵ϲ˵㣬ȵ˵ʱ򣬿죬Ъţȥ
ѿæǰҲȥЪɩڻŶӲ㣬һˣͶҡ
ϱãǾͽˣ
һ˶ߣ³̫̫ȵס˶ӣ˵˵θϿ˳̫ƽжٰգ
³㿼ŵʱΪһ꣬˶֪ѹûʣڲһˣԱǱԿ̬ȣ³̫̫֪ԼѹҲԲŸôʡ
ݺ³̬ҲɣһһѧѹǴһЩţпģҲֵһθ˵ģҾˣɡ
³̫̫ЦˣҶӵе
˵ǹԺκѿѿסģãû
³Ȼɫ³
ԽζлɩͶѿѿȥˣҺܺãѿѿչҲܺã࣬˸СԺӣȻ󣬵ǱȿջˡжɩݲˣҰһӡ
³̫̫Ծզݲˣ
֪̫ȣûɶθڣֲҳԣͺ¿ʱкжɩա
³̫̫˵üͷǿҲ˴ĵطô෿ôˣ붼ȣºã죡
³ЦˣǣҲüмá
˵ЩˣλҪЩʱɣ
³ҲЦţҰҪ£žǹ꣬ȥѧҲǹˡ
ðǺúϢ
Ӧܰżգ磬ʱҡ
³ԽͷܵЦЦá
˵ʱѿѾѷˡʱ磬ȳһٵ棬õģַͺõֱӾ˼档
ϻҲĺܡûһ濪θֶ³ھ˺Щھͺһڡݲ˺˿һ𳴵ӣһˮ۲ˣ룬ɰֺ̫̫Ц
ЩЩ⣬ŵ㡣
³㲻ãֻ˼ζ
˿Ҳøп֪ƾٿԳǰ;У͸Ͽһˣ
հʹѾҲڷţҲԣ˻Цܳԣߡ
ͯ޼ȴȤ˶Ц


81 椺͸
֮, Ǳ߱쳣İ³ȻææµµΤȴȻŲŲ, ʵʵڼչŴѾ˳, ϴ
ѾϲΤҲˣѾͷÿ춼ȥհ, ³̫̫ڶտ, ʡ˲ٵ¡
ͷãյʱ, ³ԽտǼĶضӭ˷աʱ, ³͸ŶһµأһΪ, ֵصũȻÿææµµ飬ɣϵ˼ȴʡµ˲С
ڵźЦ˵ԷҪų͢, ˲һɲ䣬Ǹĸɣǲɣں˰ɣ
ũصɶڵģǮǮҲôǮʳҾĵģȥȥȥ, 𵲵㷢Ĳ, ûϵ
ǳ麵̵˻ӲЦĸˣ, ôܳԵꣿҪȳ͢, ʳǮܱȵϲ˿㿴˼³Ҵ, ȼ֮׬ҿ껹ٷһԼûԶ
ȥԶĲϣÿ㵲Ҹˣ
ĶԻÿ춼³Խֻǳţ³ڶߣҲûֵܻӺ꣬һֻյĻꡣ
һյȴҲͲסӺ³ӹѾ첻ˣԼ磬ŵĸ첲ȻʮĻڹҲ޶ԣ֪һ¡
硭ЪЪɡ
³ʵԼĶ磬ֵͣû˱ȵ³ԽԼֻʱò˸Ļˡ
³Խͣӹ³еĺ˲ֵѰ˸£׼ϢϢ
磬㡣³˵
³ԽҲЩԼܵЦЦûҪôϣ˾Ъš
ǲС³ڰ֣ɻ͵
ûɶϰˡ³һ߲ȴһϰߵĳ¢ͷȥˣ﹡ͷһССӰ³Խȴ֪ǲڣˡ
³̻ͷȻѿҲһ˲䣬³˼
ɩӲ㲻ͷôϣȥɩɡ
³ԽЦЦûϡ
˵Ĺѿ͵ǰˣ³æȥӣ۲زأ
ѿҡҡͷЩᴭۡ磬Էɣɩרҵģ㰮Եġ
³ԽҲ˹˵ͷӹá
˷оԶЩܺ͵лҪ˵ߵǸϤСӱϣʳС
һĺ׷һƬƬ÷˿⣬ʶ壬÷˸ˬ·ƹһߣڣﻹһĵӴƣƵĵҺ˳׷ˬƹƽ˽żĳθ
³Խĳ߲꣬Զ
ճɲʳһֲȫݣ̻
̣ЩҲ㹻ٹᡭ³ԽշתأͰѽ֧Ĳˣ뵽ϱͶӣм̣ƣֶʱȥʹľֻˣСֱȪۣ³Խ߹ȥϴ˰»ص
ϻؼң۵Ҫ
ϽЪ˰ɣ𣿡
³Խϴ֮˿§ۡĶӣִЩˡ
˵ÿ춼ô˵Ҫÿ춼ôǾˡ
³ԽֻЦ˵ۣɫȴŨŨƣ̲סļҶ˵ˣôƴɶʵڲУ˾ˡ
³ԽĴָĦļ򣺡ˣҼһæˡ˵̺ѾûɶҲĵˣͼЩأץ¸¾ܰڼ㡣
̧ͷôϣΪڼң
³Խһ֣ء
·ԽԽҲԽԽģʲôˣţҡ
µʮ£Ѿ̥߸ˣܴѹ˫̥£Ӱ˸¿ʼҪСġȻ³ԽԽԽĬԭԥһ£ʣǵң
³Խû˵
ͬģĬ໰˵ˡѰ˵ĴסΪæ³ԽвټӣĦš
ܴ˵ѽãӦûʲôģֵѽ
Ӧá
³Խɫ˰ǰûܹ֤Ǳ֤ˣ³ԽҲţĵƽһ졣
Ӱ³Խû˵ˣĶͷѡݵĶ£˯ɡȥǣɽĹˣй𻨸⡣
ﴽ𣺡~
-
յӾôĥˣڵȷ³Խ룬ճɼȥ³̫̫ôĵȣֵ춼ϲ£ˡ
Ҿ˵Ǽҽ˵ã㿴һʳͷ
ǵ˶յĻˣҲˣ³Խæ£ڼﲻȥˡ
˵Ҳˣⶬոæ꣬һѩѩ׷꣬еũҺ࿪ˣѲǸꣿǿ챣ӡ
һѩԺѿľͽˣðҶѬ˺üգڷ¡³Խǰѩɨɾȥһǵ֥顢ڶ춹ͺĺɰԡ
ã̰ԵСҲˡննһˣһֱ͹ˮСǹǹԡ
ǰ컹ЦննԪ棬ģһûǹ磬ԪװͰ͵ģһèһͶ̥Ƶġ
³ԽҲû粵ɣΪȷˡżЩߣԪһý˾Խ˹Ƕն̵ģԪһƣ໵һˡ

³Խ֪СһҳԵģǰõļնĿˣ˭֪ԪΧ³ԽȦӣһ˫۰Ͱ͵ľͿ룬иͣ
Ǹġ³Խޱ顣
ӣ໣ԪҲèӣ͹Ӳ࣬ĵģצ³Խϲͣİǡ
С
³ԽצӾĥøˡ
³Խû˷ӣԥһ£ǶһˮԪȻҲûǶնգζԪһſ￪ԡ
³Խεҡҡͷźǵȥˡ
ﻹ˯ţ￻ͷյ㣬иȣﾭ˯˯žһֻų³Խѩӣһۡ
ʲôʱˣ
ʱˣһҪȥתһת
·Խ󣬻ţ³Խ׼ܴ˵ڵʵ̥³Խġ
ƿ׼£³Խ߹æմѣȻһ١
¶ʮˣҪˣһۣ³Խжʱһʶģ³ԽͳԺ⺰
ˮˡ
һж׼ĺܿ죬ϲϣ³̫̫Ѹٴ
ððҾ֪СǸĵģϵģװ
ǼǰͰģģ֪³Խ˶Ǯö˼ңǲŽ˫̥о飬ڷٳٲҪϵ˭֪ھͷˣСǸģųء
³Խ˳زϻأһţܴһŮҲ˹ӵҪﻹһ˵֮³ԽҲû˵طְŵģûһͱŸˡ
˵վſҲŲطֲҵ˲źʹ·վڴߣһĳ￴
³̫̫ҲȣɺѿҲ˹ȫûһĵģ³̫̫վһˣҲվˣæԼ°ɣŮֲǸʱ飬仹ĵŰɡ
³̫̫Խô˵³ԽͷͲͣɺѿȥƫ͸ľ׮ƵվڴһհҲϬƵģҪһѱһڴӱվš
³̫̫֪ԼҲȰһ仰˵ȥ˳ˮҪĿ죬Ҫòˮ
˾飬ǰͷǺ˳ô˵ôǲżͷЦˣ̥λһǿ죡
Ҳˣî˾ȥһžһιԶůůĺˮڣ֪Ƕˣůůģ͸ˡ
ȥУ۵û̡ÿʱ³Խֱϵͻһհһʼ֪ʲôʹ͵طӦ۵һˡ


СɶҲҪŽȥ³Խֺγȥ
˶ӣǽ
հҲ৵һֹסˡ
³̫̫ӳ˳Ŷ
ȻҲ۶ϱôŲǻ£³̫̫ߵ³ԽѹհңϱհΪۣԼվվã
³Խ룬հݸˣհȥ³̫̫žͻ˺Ժ԰հܵأһͺˣ԰~~
հˣ³ԽվſڣҲ֪վ˶ãƺӶľˣڴϲŵһɤӣһˣ
Ժ˶˹³ԽȻǵһ
ϲǸСӣ
³¶Ц⣬æ³Խļ򣺡ϲ磡ϲɩ
³̫̫֮ˣǸСӰüһһģһĳСӰɣ
˫̥ܴĿһġ
̥³̫̫붼롣
椻ġ
һֱû˵³ԽȻ˿ڣ³̫̫һ㶣ŴȾЦˣհȸ椶ħˣҪʧˣ
հ֪ʧʲô˼ֻָͷͿӣëϻһᡣ
³ԽҲûʲô飬ֱһľ׮ţһӿһۣŽҲǿۣͰ͵İ޶ϴɾ͵³̫̫Ǳȥˡ
ڶ
Ͳ˳ˡ
ҪûĲųһɤӣкǵûһûˣ
³Խ۾˲תͳ壬Ժ˶һϢ³Ҳڸϻˡ
أ
³̫̫ûû³˵ͷڶˡ
ǵܿ ³Խ˳ʱֶǶģ³ǰ˾ɶ˵˲
³⻰ȻˬʵЦ
³̫̫һ۵Ӿͷ˹ȥ
ǲƬõúͷ£ܲѪȺˮʹ³˵ž͵ݸǲţ³Խܴܴ̿ͷǿԣƬǺö
³ɣǣΣǺö
ǲŽȥˣ³Խ³ɣлл硣
ֵܼɶԺѲһۣûΤϣ²ôҪû
˲ƬָһЩǲ˳Ѿˣ뷢ȥĸʱ³ԽĵĺԽԽأȻһŤͷſվˣȥ˲񷿡
ɶ³̫̫һ
³Խ˵ֻǱһӲȻͿʼ
ִִֵĲıɺЩϸһһͣϵĹӺʪˣҲͷĥˣǲͣ
Ժ˶ˣ³̫̫һ߿ҡҡͷ֡֡
ûȥȰҲ֪Ȱ
ڣֹСʱڶǳˣ
Ŀ³ԺӣŴһˣǸŮ
³ԽĸͷʱͱӵһߣԺﶼûӦʱһӰͳ˽ȥ
ˣ
ˣ
³̫̫¶ûع񣬻ѿ³Ц³ֿ̫̫ɵǺǵЦˡ
ŮŮ
ԣŮۼҵС椣ɩ̥أ
ѿһ仰³Ժը³Ҳ̲ס¶ĽɫԺ⾭ˣҲò˼顣
̥ҲҲһ
³̫̫ͻߺţ찡űڣ
³ҲˣûͷȰڲʡ
³̫̫ţңԶԶԣʣȽȥɩ
ŶܿʰһУϾӣﻹ̫˯ȥˡ
Ůм˺þãܴҲϸϸİ
޴󰭣ҪӣҪú
³̫̫ͷܴǰֿ˿С̶Ӻõ㣬ŮЩҲҪúš
³̫̫˵һѵͭǮ˹ȥÿ˶Улǿ飬̥Ǵϲ飬źʹҲˣմϲֵǮ³ҵĴţϢÿʹˡ
ΤϽûȥǱߣȥ£˵˸̥ιֶ˺ð죬˳ѾѾΤϲŻع
ǺøǰΤϽô˵ΪȻ£Լ
ǲǵûĸ
̥
м
ΤһѣٲȥͲˡ
ϺͶŹ£ҲոյϢ˹㣬ʦҶھͶһ
һӵ˶ˣ˵ֵ̥춼ϲ£ˣԷǰҲ³ҵԵá
ȫ˶˷ţΨ³Խһֱߡ椱ʱ򵱵Ļ¶˼ָ˵ɫ޾ûôõĴˡ
³̫̫û³Խֻҡͷ
ûֻΪǸ椡
³̫̫ЦãСӣ˫̥ʱûһ
³Խû롣
⼸£˼ҹĶİΣûշ
Ȼû׼̵ľҪˡŻһװ׵Сӣ³̫̫ˣиɣŸ椺̵ĸα

ЦˣɩɩˣǼＸֵܶǸզ͸Сأ
ǲǴûհ˳Ĵ˵ģûۣɡ
³ԽûʲôҲúãǸ͸椣ˡ


82 о
ʮ, ½½Ԥʾµһּ꣬ˡ
ڴ, ȻЩõġ³Խͷһչ, һԶŮ;˯
һСӣһŮ, ۾쿴ˡ
椡
³ԽʱհҲˡ
ǵܵܺá³Խհ, Լʼιϱ
ܡá
հſڱϿŬѧµ, ڵд˺, ֿܵ˿ãȻһã
һ, ̲סһЦ, ³Խʣհϲã
áãϲ
СհڷӦ˹ŴϷཱུ۾ŲҲŲ, ³Խ⣺հԺҪúŶ
ţúã
Ц˵Щ, ܶʲôģ
³Խɷн£հϻۣʲôᱣ, иҲᱣá
ã
հĻ˶Ц, ³ԽҲι, ³̫̫Цƿӽݣϱ, ˴ι, 
ǡ
ѽ, ޣҺ̲æ㲻ǻûȲ
˵ͷܿ죬һŮˣ˿ŵǸɾģ̬Ҳ飬ͦ⣬ǽȸһ١
͸ҲԵúܣզ֣˾˯ˣ³̫̫ڿæˣͳĸŮΧתæ
飬ѿԺһš
³Խĸ˾˺ʯͷҲ߹ꡣ
ЦǿɾˣǺ͵֮ġ
ţһȥˣҲЪҵˣ㲻ġ
뿿ţ³Խ˸
ҵȷʲôҲò٣ɰչ˵ĺܺá˿˿Ц
³ԽҲﴽҲ⡣
-
꣬³ҵȷַǷ˵ûеµʱ򣬵Բʮû˲֪³˶̥ģ״ѵĺʱڣýģϲ
³̫̫Ŵ󳨣߱ǿֻͣҪԸ³͵ģǱȻߣܿ죬ⶼ˵³꣬Ǹ˺ͨ˲õĺܡ
극ѿһֲٳֵģϾԲݴһˣѿҲõ˼һµϿɣССԲѾһˣ³ԽֻðѷĴʱ˻ȫ£극Բꡣ
̥͹ϲ³ң֪һϲ£Ȼĳ
ԽҰԭҲûôɽ곯͢ƺæµĽ֮˼ѩԵĽһֱȵ²ű
߱Ǿˣ£˾͸ñүˡ
˲õ˱ζ˵ٵʸ񣬶оŹٲԵſϲŵĴν֮
³˸չζѾࡣ³̫̫һֻµŮ磬Ե鶼ˡһͿʼǸŮϴ򲼡ũҲвסǹѩҲвסµȥ״ڴġ
Ҳ֪˭ۼ⣬ԶͿһٲӲԶɱǰڵ߶˹ȥǹٲͣƥʵ˭֪³
³ң
˾û˭֪³ҵģһ͸ٲָָ·ǰֱԺľ³ҡ
վ˵ˣ˵³Խңٲˣ³ҷ˼ңҵ³ϼ
³㣡
ŶŶ³ںһأ
ǹٲлǰȥˡ˰ζûعٸ³ɸɶ
˻飬ӣѽȾ˵³βμò˰ɣ
˻䣬Χ˶˲Ĭˡ
³оˣôܣ
ܣ
Ҫ֪ŵҲˣиǶôѵ鰡ҲûйһſϿ飬һβһΣһΣ˴ӶʮһֱʮҲûɹǳׯں³ɲǸţôܵһˣ
һ˼ȻһģԥĵҪȥ³ҿ
̣Щ˾ȫӦ˹ϽȥһѷĶܵ³Ҽſڡ
Ȼǿö࣬Ǹϵʱ³ѾվԺſ˵лˡ
³̫̫³ˣҲϲɫվԺſڡ
ˣ̲סһ䡣
۸ոյϲǮҲˣȵԣ³о٣ԺǾүˣ
ү
³̫̫ղŻû׵Ļعƺ㶼ûվȣˣ۾Ҳȫˡ
˷ˣ³Ƿˡ
˵³³ȣ³һ̥ں󣬿ⷢŮôܺоٵᲢۣǮƴ׬Ƿ˺һҲϳˣ
Ϊ³иһű˲ˣ˭˼˾ˣĹˣС̣ӵ˶֪˸ү
أ³ҵԷűˡ
үǻãȻۺ죬ŵϲöľöõҲҪϸϾǿǾүԺˣдô
ɴǲҪˣǰ³ŵʱۺˣһ˼ҾȻֳ˾ˡ
ǸүôûԶ֪һֲҪҲҪ޵³ȥ
Ůģ֮ǰˮһСŶ೤ʱ䣬
ȻһԾͳ˾ӣû޵Ĺ۾ˣͲھȥɽժһѻԺҲѧԺſȥ
³һŲ˵뷨³̫̫Ŀˣ˵֮ǰֻϲؾǿ޵Ĳѡ
³ȫжļ³Խѵõĺۣصܵļ
³ҲҪˣԣʹͷ˻űˬʴЦ˵˺üã
峤Ҳˣһͷɱ͵ţǼ˻ǸϽɱɱ죬ȿֺĳ³͡
³Ҳæˣ³̫̫ϱѹǺȫְ˳ľȥ³̫̫³ҽּ꣡һֱµף
ðҪ˵ɩɩԶ˳಻װԺǾˣ
ǣҲǸϢģԺ˹٣ǧҪǵЩţ
³̫̫ϲ۾ˣֿЦģץǾһʱ䰡ŵϲ˶Ҫ³ҵż̤ˣ
ΤҲˣ˳ȻҲ˹ȻڱóĬԣֹסѿϴš
оˡ
ó˾ӡ
ڻΤ᲻ģۻ˳˺ݣⳡ棬ԺΣҲҪѶӸɷҲˣɶӲΨһָΤôţҲ¶˾ġ

òװڣԺųװһ죬³̫̫ҲܺԼ˵ϼ仰ˣȫݣ³̫̫̾˵ʵڻȻУҲ֮ˣԿȷҲȥ˭֪ҵôһξˣ³ҽð̣
żˣ³Ҳ¶н죬Ҳȫ͸ɩǵȫ֧֣ǰˣҲоɥѹɺɩ˵үҵĿ飬³仰ȻΪȢ޳˼ңֶһκǣң֪һҪͷأǵڼ
˵ĺá³Խʱڣĵܵܵļ
ǵĽ
³Ҳ̵ԣܣΪˣ³㣬ǹҫ鹣
³㣺ˣ³һģһɾ˭ǲȱʧһ
ð⻰˵ĺãˣЩӣȫҾɽȥҲЩûǵˣȥͷӣҪǼ⼸귢ȫ˵һ飡ǽۼоٵ£ˣһǱ߶ϲ£ˣ
˵ǣҲôģհôûȥ
ҲæҲȥҲûȥġ
³̫̫ͷǾ͵ӣȫһȥ
ã
ȫһ˵ӵĻ³ĶǼѼЩʳ˾ˣɴ쿪ʼҹƻвٵҪǼ
˼ǡ
ɰ鲻˵зִ磬ǼҲȱǮﷸΪӬͷСҶӵǰ;ȥֶ̣أﻹǷֵġ
³̫̫˵⻰ʱר̳³Ǳ߿һۣ³ɲ֪뵽ʲôЩ顭
ҾͷˣʱˣЩЪŰɡ
˸Ժĵ֦ͷṳ̤̂ʵʵ˯š
ѿطþö޷˯С³磬治ţ㾹Ȼˡ
³Цʵǰһ꣬ҵʱͰģҪܸϽԣһҪȥԵģһңѧΪǰܺ󣬾Ϊ˶ѧһ֪ʶҲүƫңУȻҲм
ѿۣԡһˣһֱڰù׼ŵ£
³ʱȺӵĶ̾Ϣ
ʱ³иűͲʲô£ֻ컯Ūˣһ꣬һ꣬³¶˾ģԺѾˣʱǹ̶ģ˭Ҳû˵еŲܸϿ
ʱҾ룬ҹҲˣһҪݣҪһүƫˣǾˣԺҲ÷ˡ
ѿĬĬ̧ͷ˫ǺģǲǾӻӣܼ޸Ҿͺ֪ˡ
ɵѿѿ
³㵱Ȼ֪ҲԼϱԺܸϺӡ

ȷ³ϣڶ쿪ʼвٵ볯³ģɲǼôˣŶģģг̼͵üӺͼĶҪ͸³㣡
۾ˣ޲ͰԼҶȥѧã˭˵ûã˼ң
˭룬³һӶûգûգɫ˺˲裬ЩһûͳȥʱϻŹϹģһ¡
˵³ҷɵˣ겻ѣ³̫̫ƽʱĲѣȫȻ˸ӽǮģʲôöһŲգЦŽͳȥֻԼ֪֮³̫̫Ŀںˡ
Ҹ߹ԼˣΪҲĶأǶǽӰӲӵġ۾ǵϺõӰͶȥӪԷˣĺʹ
Ļȫ˶Цˣﰲο룬Ժܵ˹٣Щ㲻ʲô
̫̫һ⻰Żˡ
ԣϱ˵ĶԣԶҪҵ·컹Ҽȥȥǣ³ңҲ⼸Ǯ
ȫ˶һۣЦˡ
ӹķɿ죬ĳһҲµף¹ˣҲˡ
͸˼ֱ³ҵĸޣǰ׼һģһСѣǺɫС죬һϣϡ۰
ӴҵĹӹŮ͸椣Ӵһ
³̫̫ⱲЦ
ʱҲûһ¶࣬޾Ͳˣ磬֮оٵ飬һ죬Բݣˮϯ죡νʮ㣡
꣬³ҵϯһһǶ³ǲˣϸŰͽһѣˮ翪죬Ҳѷݵ˶ۻˡ
֮ԲЪҵ죬˶˹ݣôҺúϢ
³ңҲ׼һ죬ȫɽ³
ϻе΢ӵһγţȫ׼ʱչȫһ緹׼ˡ
³ȥʱǿҪԼҵɽһһȥҪʱ·ţ³ɸɴȫ¸պá
ĲָֻɫŸ椣³̫̫ŸհʹѾֵģѿΤϾһߡ
Ҳ˳һγţ˳꣬ѽѽĵֻǿһСˣǺģڻףǽҲɫˡ
ڵҲˣ³ԽҲڣ˳ôݣ³̫̫һһӵģüͷˡ
Τôıӵģ뵽֮ǰ飬ֲԸˡ
ΤôͿҲԼӣֻ˵һˮһˣ˸ֻҪƽҲˡ
ɽǾĺɽִֶòףλεĵɽһͣˡ
ʵϲȥˣֻܵˡ
³Խ³ɶΣ³̫Ҳ֪ԼϺǷƫԶȫ˶³ɸǮһǣĳ
ǡæӦ¡
ⶸ͵ɽ·ȫֻӲͷƤȥ
³ҵ˸С³Խʹɸһ˱Ůװ󣬺ɽ·Ƕ͵̨ףҲͺɽ¡
³̫̫һһ̲סŭͷӾ֪ĥңĥҵŮ˵ѡһһĵطƫҪôԶĵط˺ˣ
⻰Ҳ˵СûһԹԵġ³һ߲˲һߵȻɽʱ򺰼죬Ů˺Ӷģһɽƶûˡ
³̫̫룺ȥɣһ˵
ȫһڰʱ֮󣬵³ķǰ
³Խ³΢õ㣬˶Ѿ³̫̫ǵ£˺þá
³Խжǹģ𣿡
ﳯЦЦһá
ѿҲãΤϴǰȻҲµ⼸ţﻹдǰǣҲ̨ϣ˺Щʱ
³ķͷѾвٵӲ֦³ԽȡͿʼÿݸףЩ鶼֪ٱ飬Ȼĺܡ
Ϣˣ³̫̫ʼͷˡ
ֽ㣬³̫̫һǰ
ͷӰûˣɱң˭㵱ҷҪĿɽʯͷôԶϵ͸ѹˡˣƼûӣ³հհ
æհ͹ȥհүү
հǰʮľͶĹү
һڣ³̫̫ۿ˲ͺˡ
հŶҵհǶɵĶӣҲɳϢˣңϱ˷Ĳˣ껹ӣ̤̤ʵʵģһݼҲ
ҲĹһ
Ƕϱϱ˶̥и͸椣椴³Ө֣³ɣüһҿϡˣ㿴ûװֵģˣ
˳ʹѾǴɵĶŮϱġ
Τϴ˳ѾҲȥˣ³˳³أ˳˵ϱֽˡ
ͷӰ˭
³۾Ҳˣѿһǰͬʱ£ͬ
Я¸ͷ
ɰǳϢˣоˣ
³̫̫۾ֿˣ³Ҳصĸ³ֿͷڲо٣Ҳһϱң󣬶ӻڷܣ׼ԣ
³̫̫˲ᣬߵ³ߣˣɣ֪ˣǰεˣҲ˵ĺܣͺú׼ܺǸɶѾˡ
³صĵ˵ͷѿһͬվ
ȫǰ³ֽͷŮҲȫ³Խ³ɰѷرеӲݶ˸ɾȫһ³ǰһ
³Խ磬ȥд뷨ȫ˶һ
ֺ֮³̫̫һȦӶϱŮ
һµͷˣϣǶ³ҵĹأ£ҵӱҲһð
ˣ
ȫӦ£³ķͷþòɢ


83 
ת, ʱȥˣ³ûһáСܲͷ׳ɳš
ѾѾһС, ľģϲհһ, հѾˣٲȻѾ˼С硣ʱ, ³Խ͸õӺͷȥ٧ʽհѧá
˳հ, ΤϱհһΪ겻Ӳաֵͬһ, , ȴرġ
˳ǳĵƤʱҰ, ֪ˤ˶ٸ˰̳, Τ׷ƨɺȴ´շհ, Сͱһ·, ѧúҲ˵츳, ѾվѧͯĶˡ
ǰ, ŵһѧá
Сѧǰ§Լĵһ, ˵ʲôҲϽȥ, һ, ѶŪ, ˳Ǻŵܵܣѵܸܵȥˣһɢѧ˳৵һǵһ˳ȥհŵܵܣ̵ں档

һУհ۾һҲ͵̧ͷԶһֻ͹ˮĴڹݵĵֵƼ˺βͶҪһ
նգ
һͳ˹ȥնվҳϵĻ飬ÿղ۹η꣬׼ʱǰţԶһֻཱུĴèë
Ԫ
հԪϲĻ飬հԪڽСȣӭ
ÿնݵһĻҵĺӶĽˣ˸Ͱ͵ĵ³հè͹𣿡
նǸƢģԸԪǸֱûˣ˭ҲߣʱնûϢӣצڶնƨ͵һƣֱӰѶն໽УһԶˡ
ͬСĿɿڴ³հҵĹǹôһûǹɣ
³հû˵Ⱥһܲĵնվǹõǹ
Щ߰С˵Ķԡ
ֵܺһèһߵ³СԺʱҳϵĶնպԪһԭĻ飬һĳſȥˡ
Ҫſ˭ſվһģˮССԲԲģͷĹĵСһɫСȹӣõķɫѩף۾ˮ
ŻǰԪС¾ͺ޲ôԼѾԲܹĵĶƤĵ¶˳նգҪβҡ죬ΧСתת
ã
հ͸ҲȥȲõ֡
硪˿˿ĳЦţһЦཱུСϾ¶ѣʢǣԲԲĴ۾峺͸СƵģֻ޲ý˰ȫõĶǰ
հĶˣǣ˸椵֣ãߣȥҸȡǡ
˵ǣ۾ˣˣ
һʱڵһ仰͵һհھһ䡰
ȫ˵˵հǼ۾ˡ
ǲǺҸˣ
ҲţӦ˺ð죬ڸ椵ĵڶ䡰ǰҲˣԣ椻Ằˡ
ҮûẰˣûẰˣհһԺ³̫̫һ
Աߵϸ׶ʱˣĵָԼ˰ġֺûһתͷȥˡ
³հһǣһǣŵܾ̤ܵԺսСһͬ~~
³̫̫৵һ¾ʹӳ̽ͷԹԣˣ
ɢѧ³̫̫һε飬ʹӳ˳հȥϴ̸֣ǰϹϺһŶ
̣ϣ
ԺһȦû̽ͷʵ
ȥˣæϣһͺˡ
Բݵ룬ĲС¥ÿ춼ǱѾڷˣΪʦһͽܣڸ쵱Ĵ
Ҳ˺һۺͰѾĶ֣Ĳһ˾ŸСȫܣٲȻһ˦ƹֻҪʱĥĥ²˾ͳɣ󲿷ʱ䶼ڼСܲͷ
³ҵ̺ҲϡıѾĴƹ»в˴Ĵ³Ҳھ˳ȥ˾ٳķݺӹӦ
³ҲׯҲ˵ҷֵ꣬⼸곯͢ȷչҵ³Ҳ׬˲ٵǮ
Ҫ˵³Ľģ³ɡ
о֮Ǳ׼ԣҹԵĵڶ꣬ѿһȥ˾߹ԺڹԺǰס£ǻ첻ˣһΣ³Ȼмƫϵĳɼ˽ʿȻԵԪҲܹһ
ԳɼȻѣû뵽ʱ³ٴηӳɫյɶҪ֪˶񣬸ߵͶܽԺ
³֪ܶʱ֮ܽȫΪߵĽʿ곤٣ȺʵһֻᣬȻע⵽
³ҲѾǺԺʿˡ
ʿְλȲޱ׫ȴǸְλ
³Ҿַ˱ڣϯûٿģְˣоֹҪСġ
ֽ³ѿѾᵽ˾ȥס³̫̫ʱˣҲȥСӡ
հŵϴֵʱ򣬴ѾҲˡ
ܵ~~
椿㣬߸˵˹ȥհҲ¶Ц㡱
Ѿհߣȴݵģ³̫̫˽¸Ǳǵģǳ
ѾûϹϺ³̫̫֡
ѾҳԹˣҹʴ
ַɶˣгߺۡ
³̫̫հհԥһ£ûдĹΣߴ¡
³̫̫̾ǾͲǸѧϰģαǿ
Ȼ⻰ûΤϵ˵꣬ΤϾͺͱ˸һǰöǹҲûֹʲô۶ӣһֻչ˳ʹѾģͰ˳٧ܺãһ͸æȥˡ
ϱô³ֻ̫̫Ｋط²ǿ󡣾ģͲǸϲʹһ޶ģԾͺʹһģӿ̳ģ
Ҳ˵ٵ꣬Ҫ̵ֹܽʱ˵ڴѾСʱ󲿷ֶߵģȻݰ˵ȴǸľĺùޣ
Ѿ̶֪Ϊôˣ˵˷ҲǺ͵ܵһԺϹϺ֪ΪʲôϹ϶Լҵ
ܲͷһһԺţնպȻ̧ͷ͵سԺһ
˲̧ͷ৵һ¾ͳ˳ȥ
ˣ


84 ɹ
һ˳ȥ, һͷĻСգҲС, ʶȥӣǱײú
һ˲һ˫ƾ͵شӿ֨ѴɴۣͿɫ̫õİٸˡ
ˣ֡
Ҳϲ͵һ±ٸ߸ߣ˷ˡСȲסĵ, 䡣
~ҲҪ~椿ˣҲһһŵ˹, ſӻƽƽ³Խ, Ůȴ·紺绯üۼ䶼, ղŻٸ߸ߵĸһӾʧȥʸ, 󣬻ȥˡ
椹, ûкú
³ԽŮ, ࣬￩ֱЦȥ³Խϵ⣺ˣ
ίˣ, ЦŰСӱǸ, ûѧùԹԵģ
ѧãѧ, Сίˡ
ϲ
ϲЦˣŶ㿴磬ѧôԣҪ͸ѧϰ
հˣЩɬӣ
˫̥³ԽҲ۴ӣ³Խϵֽ˹ȥӣհܵûнǷˡ
ţ
˵кóԵģհĵĽ˹
ڵ˳Ҳ˹
³̫̫Цӣ֪ڷֺöʱˣ
³ԽѸ椺͸£ߵˮرϴ֣³̫̫ۻ˰ɣ˭Ұϯ
ңСӽҲš
ᵽţ³̫̫ԾľֿЦˡʱ죬ŰϯӻĿء
ΧΧȹ߽һһЦиڶйְˡ
ǰ³̫̫һæвһߵ
Ǹ֪㡣
꣬˶˵ԽԽϣƫƫ³̫ԽԽᣬݹģԽлˡ
ֻ֪Լл£˵֪ǻв˵ĶܲµԼŵ˼ЦŲ˻⣺հ˵ȥ壬⺢ӴСǸѧѧ˲٣ԷӲϿ䡣
³̫̫ˬЦ
ɹ֮Ҳæۿֿ쵽âˣϱǱߵûˣҪȥĻʹȥԼѬ㡣
Цá
ɶ
ɹ򣬶ɽר˺üӣ˼ҵļˣ椰ԡ
³̫̫ЦɾǸŮģ
Լ򣬼ȼצϲΨϲᣬһߴżһЦӶɶۡ
ɹԼĥĲˣʵǴӵعĹģŮԼᣬͰԭļ⻻һֳ˼ᡣ
ἦϴãȹͣĴ¹ը㣬жΡƬͰ˽ǹƤҲŽȥ㣬
ϳζٷ׼õļᣬ߷Űͼ·ǼżɣȺˮС
³̫̫һ߰Ҳ׼ˣعǰһڹ˳ԷƫƫӶϲĲˣһСڵȴĹзˮˮһӲŹ⻬
ѾӳƮȥˣȺܲͷŵζȲܵǰ̽ͷ̽Եģ~𣿡
˿ˡ
Цȥɣ˽ǡ
ţ
ÿ춼һĻֻҪԱһһȺС࣬ĻðͣǰըС⣬ճûãûȺǳСһˣЦá
ĲˣųԲαСƬһȦЩõСһǱģִ㣬һǱģŴŨļ֭һֱӶͱˣǳԵָͷ
Ѿ˳Ҳ緹ֻǳԵһ룬Τϵʹˡ
Ѿ˳Էˡ
Ŷ˲鲻Ըķ¿ӣĵָͶһ鼦򣺡~
˶Цˣллã
һ򣬴Ѿ˳̵ĳԼȥˡ
Τϵſڰ죬ĥĥ̲סС˼ҵķô㣡ûϢģ
ԭҲ˳߶һ䣬˭֪˳͵ķ㣡
СΤϴ˴š
Сӣ
ݺ󣬿ϵն죬˳Ҳˣնǳն죬ÿ춼ҪźóʱӣҲ³磬һֻ
ôȥһֻ˳߳Աʡ
ΤϣԵ㣬ĶôĻҾǿݵģȱһֻ𣿡
˳˵ˣѾҲССڵĳţΤϿһۣԵ㿴ݵģÿζûԱɣ
ѾͷĳԲѽ
ΤϳĬˣּЩˡ
һĬĬĳԷ˭ҲԼҵôûԷ£ѾǴߵĹʶҲϰΪ³ɺٺΤͬԷӦֶ࣬ʮҲΣǸŮӵġ
ΤĿ඼ľˣ⼸³ɵĹϵô̲䲻ȣԺס꣬±ְ˻ȥͬΣΤϱ˭ζ
Ҳָˣеϣѹ˶ϣǸճ극Τϱ˳ѽӽ̵Ķｲһ飬겻ܳš
ԭ˸߲׼ŵ˳˲뽲Ҳ
˵ԼһҲϲ飬ҡ
ѾЩͬĿ۵ܵܣȳȥˡ
-
³ԽСһɵİѷˣһұֵĶܺãǸ
죬ȥˮ壬ү;ţ벻ȥ
䣬ܲͷˢˢļ̌ͷģ
³ԽͷţģǰҪԹԵġ
Ǳ֤ԣ
ֻʮֵ˷ܣȥź;үζǿȥˮˣżʯͷС˾ гүǵöö㣬ϲȥˣ
³ԽһۣЦˡ
ҹĻ٣ֻСӶ˯ˡ³ԽĸС³ԽԴСȫľͷӸߵΧȫõСֻҹѶŮ˯֮³Խߵס
ꡭʾȥ˭֪һ˲³ԽֱӰˣһ³ԽҲһѹˡ
۲ˮ³ԽԼ䡣ˣ˵Ϸޣɸ鲻ûбʱ嵭֣³ԽԽˡ
ҲҲŶʮͷŮɬȫȥһĽεǾޱˣѾӣζڣɫѩ³ԽӲ.ʼףûڱ㴫һ
ɡ桭
ꡭ
ﺦ³ѶӺŮֻƴţ´ҧţȴ³Խʹ˻һ㲦Ūһ/ӲɶƵĴӳݼһ˲æס³Խǵصĸ

º³Խ´ˮȻţ³Խ̲סĶͷ
ӵˣô
ȴʵûˡ
ҹôŶȥҲǣڶ죬˯ͷˡ
СֻżҪɽȥ棬һˣ˵Ȼ˯ţЦˣ˯ߣһ˵һ߾ҪСȥģֱסˡ
ԣˡ
ԴΪɶˣ
³Խ治ɫĲΪը飬˺þãȻˡ
ֻ̻Ȼ
ǲҪˡǲǾͲˡ
ѾˣһڻһŶɺͺ˾ĺߡ
³ԽͷﶼˣһҪȫ꣬׼˷ѣ֪𣿡
֪ˣֻͬ
ǿ϶ģ
ʱҲʰô˳εĿ³Խﻹнεε֮⡣
͸椽ıסĴȡ
ѽһԹԳըġ
椣ǰֻܳģҽҪʮ飡
ЦãɵѾͷǻѽ
εĿ³Խ£ΨհüŬ˼ը飬õ
-
̣ˣ
³̫̫첻ԸţԺſߣΪǵСֻŵİȫ³
ţҲˡ
ã·Щ
ǰУӾˮ·Ҳһˣӿ಻ֹ·Ҳ࣬û˿ĵͲƽ
ֻ̿ɽҰĻݲʱѾȫˣϵĴ̽ͷǱһƬĻ
˳Ůķȥˮķ羰ȷԽˣűĳġ³ԽȻǰݳŮϲ͵һпյȥ
㵸Үˣϲˣ
³ԽЦҪֵȥ
Ҳ۰ŮС䣬˭֪ǼĴ󱦱⺢Ҫϲÿ춼ҪϺüأƫƫͲסͳһס
һʱȵͣ˶żſڡ
ǰ꣬żҲˣԭȵСԺŵԺҲ׷޳³ҵһԺˣʯͷ˳
ͽˣ
ʯͷ˳󣬱ֵǴĺܣհʯͷһ꣬ȴҪС˾ˡ
СӣƺνֻҪ浽һȥҼ滹ʮֺ͸˵ġ
ˡϴ˳ҾͲҪϻ϶˵أ˵ܲٲܲپ͵ˣ
źá
̶ֻòĺˣϿ˸椣Ǳ࿪ˣ椵кöóԵӣң
ӣҳԣֻ˷ܵΧ˹ۣôӣѽ
椳𣿡
ϴ֣²ľһŽҧƣС۾ŷĹ⣺Һϲ
ЦеĿԼĶӣʯͷЩɬվһߡ
Ǿͺãʯͷһȥɵģ˵ҪŸ椳ԣһЦ˵Ҳһ
æҪģллʯͷ˾ˣ
ʯͷǸԸֻ˵ɫϷһ˿죬ţְʣµӣȫ˳
椣Ҳհ
£̶ֻӣҳˣΧŶżҵСʯ˵˵ЦЦͣ
Źº³Խȥˣͺڳæ
Ӷðɾĸ
ϣɶõģгджߣھ͹֡
Цˣʯͷȥ;˾˿ǵզˣ
ԣҽ찡Ҫ˵أ˾˵ҪͣȥϣֻʯͷԺˣҪ鷳ˡ
˵ģֵ飬Ǻõеĺӻȥأʯͷо˾˴Сţѧҵ϶ûġ
Цˣһвһǰ˾˵ʯͷǼɿ룬˼ңž˽ʿߵĶ˳ŬǻõرİɺЩû˰ɣ
˵ͷ֮ûˣѿǻ˺üΣ˵Ӳæ
ϣҲǰǱϾǵˣ࣬ھסţӰɡ

룬ô롣Ȼ˵ҲǣŵģǱסߣѿ˺üҪȥﶼܾˡ
ϣӴסߣǷĲ¼ŮǱ߻û㿴ѿˣȻ͹ȥˡ
˵û˵ˡ˵֮Ҳ˶٣˿ͷСʵѿڻûϢѽ
ҡҡͷûء
Ӵû˵ܴȥƣ
ԥһզûƣϻعʱ˺üˣ˵ˣھסţ˹ְʶĺôࡣ
զ˵
ҡͷûɶܾǻԵûɡ
ꡣ
Ҳðɣ뿴ѿ޸ɵʱҲ͸ʮڲҲŶʮͷС
ǣҲҲòż
ô˵̲סЦˣ㲻żżŲ˵ΪͷЩߵ̫˳ˡǡǡҲ˵˻ģҲɶ¶ռˣǻ˵á
⻰˵꣬Լ죺ң˵ɶأޣ롣
ҡͷľĸ˵ˣڵˣʼɡ
á
Խӣȴһĥӣڣ͵Ͼϴյٻާˣ֮ӵ˲ʳ͵ģҲ³ҷһķ羰ߡ
͵͵ӣۼ⣬ͿƤˣһɤӵģϾͽһε
ãȺǣҪˡ
椺հ˹û˷ӣḶ̌Ҳԣ˭Ľӣ˭ҪԵܰĶѿ಻óԣ𣿡
ֻ̱˴˶һۣܣ
ｫڻǰ𣿡
ԣĵ
̲סЦŴͷĵľ㣡㻹˼˵ˣ
հ˼ͷԣҿ϶ŵܵǺúð
µĴӣͷˣðɣȥɣȥϴ֣
Ү
˶׷ܵˮر߿ʼϴ֣³ԽͶŹҲոմǱ߻椿³ԽЦץ𣿣
³ԽǸƫŮģеͰ£ץ˸Ķ
棿̶ֻˣڲԶõʯͷҲ˹ͬʱͰ￴ȥͿüֻɰСڹͰƵţһֻֻаƴ󣬸ȥץһֻۣСÿɰ
ŹһˬЦǵºģһһֻʯͷҲС
лл
лл򣡡
³ԽӵͷӳŽӳЦö⼸ͲҵĽˡ
³Խ̧ͷ
ģҲûб䣬ǸԵسЩݵ֫СȵĿҲ
ڲԶЦЦﲻ֪ģȻЩļӿ졣


85 
һֻСڹ, ڳĸС⣬Ѿ˳³ԽҲû¡հʱţȥ͵ܵܡ
ȫڶżСԺ˶ٷʢ緹, 󣬼ֻȲľͷ꣬ȥԼСڹˡ
ǣһĴ㡣
ŹµʱѾһĶǧβòٴ񶼺ۡΪˮĵλԽڴͷǱߣҲһС͵
¾Щ˵ͬ, 㿪ͿɣôƷ, ĳɲ˼ҷǲ, ȥ˼Ҳǣ˾Ϊ»ź, ˡ
ŹҲ̾˵, һֱ͸ö෹ݻǶк, ڵ, ˣѼ۸ļͣ˵˵ⲻǴǹȥ
³Խһ, Ȼû뵽˻ɡ
۸, ӦҲǿеһ㡣³Խ
ϣ˭˵, Һ˾˾ˣΧһƬȦһֳ㡣
㣿룺ۣθ̲ҪǾ˾˾ĸ㣬ԲݾƲ㡣
ˣǼҵôãǲ˿ûôõ
Ź£⻰еֽˣ˵ҪӦǱߵĺüΪƫԶⶼ׵ġ
³Խ˿̵ķҶʶҪҸȥʣҪǻû̸˾Ҳȥȡһ¡
ϺͶŹˡ
ѽզѶˣӴҪ鷳ѽ
³Խû£Ҿ˳ȥʣ¡
úúãһҽľƣٺȵ㡣
³ԽƾͲˣһȥǱ߿ɣΧûŵĿܣҲɽϵҰ
³Խ䣬С椾Ϳ⿩˹ҪȥҲҪȥ
հң
³ԽͷЦãһȥֻҪ׼׼ܡ
ţ
ȫ˳극֮󳯶żҵȥˣĽ»ůѺͶĺʱŹ⼸ն飬޲סߡ
³ԽͬߣϤߵһͲСǰˣżֻӾ⴦ȣ⸽һƬĻԣзȥĺһӾͱˡ
ǱкƯСƻȥժ𣿣Ǹúöӣ˳߿ȥǻƻòԶΧƽ̹˵ͷȥɡ
Ҳȥ
ʯͷ΢ЦŶŮǣܹȥ֮һѾ˺ü䣬ȥ²ȥ֡
ժѽߴ١
椺һҲŲҪҪÿģ
ͷŮ鷳ÿһ䲻һÿ
椶
Ŀ˺þãٳٲܾڣǰҵһܴƯĻ֮󣬸椿ĵǰ׼ժ£Ȼ˲ԶһӰСһ٣סˡ
СȫߵĻԵס椵ɴۣһգգĿŲԶˣŮ椣
椺Ȼع̶̵ֵָͷȻһָǱ͵㣡
СӺɤһ°˵߶˹ȥһæȥŮ治ԶǺӰȾܡ
͵ү㣡
ҲˣǸСˣȥģ̳³Խɣ
³ԽͶŹ»ع̾ϡ
ֻϧһ˸ˡ
û°ɣ³ԽһʱȥӺŮﱧŸҡҡͷû£Զŵġ
հҲ˹³Խߡ
ŹҧʲôҪĶ͵㡣
ѶҲʯͷˣɶ͵㣿
Ů椿͵𣿡
ҡͷûСֻھү϶ˣûʲô
³ԽȥҲһ͵㡣
˳Ÿָĵطȥˣ³Խϸ鿴ΧĲݴҵĽӡһ֪뿪ĺǻš
רŵĴ·רŷʣ˾ԲʲôöϷ߿˵
³ԽüͷҲĿĲҹ͵㵹ҲˣҪǱĿģҪСˡ
Ŀġ
ϺͶŹ¶һۣŹɫҲ𽥱׶ɵ˼ˣİɣӣҲ˯ˣҲҪ˭ҪҵҸƴ

ΪСŹ뿪ˣ³ԽһҲ뿪ˡȥϣл̲סȥ¡
Ǹ͵𣿡椵ɴʡ
Ůͷ֪Ƕ˸椣ǲŷǸˡ
С椵СӣҾ֪Ǹˣ֮ܵĿɿˣһǺµץס
³Խǰݳ˿̵öԣԺԵ͵һʱ亰Ҫ̫Զס𣿡
ţ椼סˣ
-
֮˵˾˹˺ЩΧأҲסһЩûʲô£ұ㽥İˡ
ٽ磬Բæµ֮С
ĶӣľͶУ¿ζͷ꣬ԲݵԲھļã绹жʮ죬Ѿвٵʳ͵Ԥ
գ󵨵һγԡ
⻹ΪʱѿǱס˼գʱһŴ׷ƣ˵ǹ²ɫζĺãסˡ
нָȵмǲ̫ʡŴһ
Щֵķ壬ڰŴ֮ǰҲҪƵĽһ顣
ʱ˶ΣǸڶǰⷨӸƳˣȫ˶һΣ³Խ³̫̫ϲ³̫̫ʱ͵û뵽ŴһԵζôãΪ壬Ƕϱɰ
³ԽǸͷɶҲ˵ֻ˵óԡ
óԵȻĺóԣҲж֤ˣһĸЦҲӳŵûš
࣬󲿷ֻգɢƵӣհǰ棬ߺĲ˵ӣҲϡĺܣһʡ
ڵأб㱻һˡ
ּˣǽӱȥĻأ˭֪꣡ɩӵڸͷˣ
ЦˣʲôͷǳԸʰˡ͹ˣ滹ͦɢƵӣҷ˰ɡ
ã
ǰ̨ˣѿ˾˵ֽӹܹյδʱԷ½ˣֵĿͷô˾˺;ĸ㻹û
Ҫƽʱ͵ˡ
ſ·ʲô鵢ˣ˭֪ûһƸܹˣͻŵĵƹӣˮǱ߳ˣ˸Ͷ˺öˣ
ﾪһĻҲסˡ
˭¶컯ջҸɳ飿
ҵˣӶֻϿܵϣ˿Ҳˣϸɴ಻ˣһģֻĿյ˶
ҡ
Ǳˮһҿģæȥ³Ǳ߱Ŷûһ³Խˡ
Ȼǵһʱȥˮ塣
ѾΧ˲ˣſпֺŹҲߵһߣ˫΢졣
ΧпֵİգҲйٸˣǰ滹һ·ģ³Խϵʱ򣬸һӾϳˣ
椽ڷҲֻǴһ
椣Ͽ椣۾һ
߾ţ֮ǰǸǲˣ
Ǻ̧ͷԹĿﻳСŵó³Խӵס˵ߣĿһۡ
ĵͷ쿴˾
찡ӣһǰͶҼǰɣɳɥ飬ͲǴ𣡡һߺһ߾Ҫȥˣٲˡ
ٲˣһ֮ǰȵˣҵŮһңĲҼ϶ſܵϣͰٲˣһҪָ
ӣ˵϶żԩ޳ǿҪǾҲԹģڱЩǶҵˣ
ǰǰǶˡ
ôܸɳ顭

Ŷ
һֱڿ޺ҲȾ׷׶ָǱЩܲסˣݺݵһڣ˭ǼҵﲻõˣҲ룡
˵⻰³ԽϬͿ˹ȥ⻰ʲô˼
֪˵©죬һ仰˵ˣ³Խٲǻָʹϣү졣
ǻϲģڰȴߣ
ٸϴקľͰӴˣϻ׷ȥסˡ
ĸҪ
ĻҲöŹ˹˵ĶԣҪߣȥ
еǣ¶ʱץ˸УǰҩֻǵһС룬֮УѾлƸæֽڵļȫ˳ʱö裬ںӱˡ
ˮҪȫˣʯˮҲвٵѾ˶ƤƮˮ棬ϿһۣѾҪ۵ıȥ
³ԽæɣȰûһ¡
Ź¾ҡҡͷûˣЩմжˮܻܲǲ֪ģҾˣҲû˸򡣡
³ԽĬˣ⻰˵еģ¶Ѿˣһܹ鶼û·֮ģҲ˵ĺǵġ
ˮǻģе˵ȷǶ񶾵˼ңŹεıסͷ궼׸ˡ׸ˡ
Ҳܣһʱȫ˶Ĭˡ
³Խһ飬Ȼص³ҵʱ춼Ѿ׺ˡ
զŻӴ
³̫̫һ죬æʵ
³Խݣ˵ˡ
ҵĸүô飬ץ𣿣
ץˣˮˣֻǶɻɣָʹ
ָʹ˭ָʹ
³ԽҡͷҲ˵˵ѣǳ´鼱֮˵˾˺;ĸˣ˾˺;ĸƽʱһֱˮ壬Ƕٽܵ˭
³̫̫Ҳ֣˵ΪԼ˵˵İɡ
Ҳпܡ
³̫̫ǲôܲˣٸǱ߻ôУܸ˾˼ҶЩ⳥£ƿ˲١
³Խһİɡ
³̫̫ﻳĸ椣Ѿ·˯ˡ
³̫̫ȥϢɣҲۻˡ
³Խ˷￴ĸ椣û뵽츣椻ˣϧûܷס
³ԽʹôҲסģǶж񱨣ֻʱδ
һСĽŮˣɣҲۻˣϴ˯ɡ
-
֮³Խ˾ͻȥˮ壬żҩܿڴﴫˣھҲ֪ˣΤȻҲӺӿ˵ˣüأͼųŵĶɴ˸档
ӡΤ
¶˵֣Щ죬߶˺ü顣
³ѵǰˣΤ̲ס˽ס
Ȼл˵
⼸꣬ɺΤϼҲôܣֻǵģ³ûڳԴöϿ˿۹ӶŮʱҲֱԣֻϣﰲȵģͲˡ
զˣ
Τϣþĸҵҩˣ֪𣿡
³Ьһ㶣֪
¶˽ӣʶɣ
ӡ
ΤϼҪȥ£ǹʱ㳯̵У˾ͽӣһ𣿡
³ɫȻЩԾˣˮˣ
Τϣ԰˵Ҳ˸żҵɡ
³Ŷһ
Ҽǲˣҵô࣬һɣҹһǴӳ̼ǱõģҲ͸̡
³ɻ˵һ룬Ȼͣˡ
͸̼ҵģΤϼʡ
³ɺȻ¹ˣºۼûϵ
ȥģ
ź˯
Τ̾˿Ҳùˣ˭֪˵е󣬰ѴѾˣС￴ıӰӱ̽ͷ˾䣺ֲ𣿡
ΤϱŮʵһҭûУ³ȥˡ
ѾŶһԹ¡
ΤϸŮҴҴǣҲЩ
ŮԽԽˣܶҲû취⼸ΨһȷǴûˣģͶ֪ˡ
˳
ӻ˯ú㣬Τ̲סӵͷૣָɾͶˡ
-
³ɳźûãֱҵ԰Ϸ̨ӳϷԬһ⡣
Ȼ³ɺܿȺҵԬҲ³ɣ˷ܵĻ˻֣֣ߣ
³ɾֱǰҲڳֱʵˮ忪飬Ǯɡ
Ԭոպ˲ٵľƣ³ôʣЦŵͷԣզˣˮˮðʺ㣬ˣֻǰ̫æ鲻ְΪõľĸˮ忪ôԶĹϵҺͱ¶аɣ
³ɫû˵Уҽ˵Ӹżҩˣ֪𣿡
Ԭ˿ֱӣ̨Ϻͣ
ЩϷ˺ȻȻֹˡ
³ɿ˿ܣԬЦ⼸꣬дֵĸ⾩ļҵҲԽԽʵ԰ǰ¸ոձˡ
³ɣԱڼҴҵ󣬺αȥɽҰﶢС£ôأ
˵ЦˣЩũǿ׬ĲСǮ˴ϵкüأҲͱһԲǮֻöżȥ׬Ҳ˵
ȥǱǶˣղ˵ʲôҩǼʱ飿ôһ㶼֪
³ɿüͷ治֪£Ѿٸˡ
ŶðãżҵʧΣҪɣ
³ɷ䣺Ҳ֪
ԬЦ£ѽ֣⼸㿴֣Ķ𰡣ǰõľ˾˼ҵºɶϵԲԣһ㣬Ɑ뿴ʲôϷ㣡
³ɿľƱԥ˺ðΣƿˡ
ƾͲˣѵûʲô֣ҲϷˣ㾡ˡ
³˵֮ˣԬ³뿪ıӰЦҲˣ󡣡
ūڡ
ȥô£Ǹ


86 ܲѼ
³ɴ԰߳, ҲеĲׯȥ̽һԼ飬ڶ죬ǲׯƾͻػˡ
ȷʵͶҩ, ҵץ˸, ٿĪ, ھͿٸôС
³, ʣ̼Ǳأ
ң̼ˡҲסԲ֪Ǳû˹ȥ, ҽʱ򣬺˵Ҫӷ֪˻ǳ̼ҡ
³һ֪ˡ
ǻƵңǾ¡
̼ҰԽԽˮҺЩɣﶼԬˣϢ, û뵽θڲС˱⡣
ɣ֪, 顭ңԱо仰˵Ķԣ˵Ҳûֱӹϵ
³û˵ˣ˺ðβŵȥ⼸Ǻͳ̼ҵ˱, ȥ
, ȥ
-
Ϊż, ûͱκκԲݵһʱҲӦ, պЩʳ, ﶼֻܡ
, ЩʱſںȻһˬʵЦԲݵˮһڵɻü
ǰ̨ˣ̧ͷͿ˳Ԭ
ִһӣЦ˽㾶ֱ£
˼⼸շݵⶼԤȥˣһŵ㲻ˣԱ⣬Ҫȥҿ
Ȼ֪Ԭ˭ҵԽԽ󣬺üλʹһùţﲻֻЦܡ
ԬŶһǽ˴⣿е㶼ûˣ
ʵڲ˼
ԬЦˣ޷ûˣУĳվͺƤ鷳Ӹĳһˮڣ󣡡
ԬȻǰһˣһͰͰǺüķ㣬ԬЦſӣͷѽĳԸ⻨ļ۸¶һ֣Ӳܾ°ɡ
￴㣬ʱ˳ԬǱġ
Ա˵ЦˣҴҵģüĳˣαػôµģлֱ˵ɡ
￪żɽҲȷûʱ˷ѣżµϢھǴˣ˵ǳԬ֪ƺҲܡ
ԬˬʵЦʹ˵ʹ죡ҲˣҶ˵ˣɣҳ̼ҽҲѺʿһ̸̸飬⼸㣬ӿȥԼֳƷʾб֤
￴Ͱе㣬΢˼Ƭ̡
Ӧ˵ģ֪Ա⣬ļң
Ԭɫ΢΢һ䣬۾ˮҡ
Ҳ˶٣Цǲ˼ˡҪǱһܿǿǣҡǾ޿ܺԲݺġ
ӣԼһʱͿɲΪܾⵥѽǾһƬ
õˮԴɾˮˣżûˣǴˣĿԲΪС£·ɡ
ЦЦڣͲͷˣ㣬ѳԱͻȥһʱԲݶûˣԱ⣬Ļܵʧˡ
һŰͰԭⲻᵽǰԱ⣬Լ԰ɣ
ԬɫÿĵĿӣ֮ɻ£ҴǰǸˣҲǸͿġ
ǳԱ㵱ĺͿɣͿ͡
ǣ
ǿ׳ſһվͺһǽƵģԬɫĿͰ뿪ˡ
ߺ̵ɩӣû뵽ҵȻǺͳ̼Һϻģ߸ճ£͵ˣûģ
ҲüȻҲû뵽̼һôĿŵ˵̼⼸ԽţġǺҺ˿Ƕ֮λȻž͸ſʼˣĿˡ
췹ݹҲûʲôˣȥ̣ˣеľƼǵɡ
ɩӷġ
ܿȥ̣³Խ˵üͷҲšһš
ô룿ǳ̼˸ɵ𣿡
³ԽпܰɣҽҲȥŴ̽ˣҪӷ
ôءﾪȵ֤֤ڵ飬ץģٸѵҪװϹɡ
˵˵ĻڵҲ˵ɰ׵ġ
ૣǹ̹𡭡
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ǡҾòҵˡ
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ңˣɢѧ˰ɣȥӺǰɡ
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飬Ѿˣ
³̫̫³棬ЩԥЩɥĵˡ
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³̫̫һҲԼģ̤̤ʵʵ⣬Ҳɲô죬ã
ǸãҲŶ׬Ǯü˹Ϻ⼸ңҶͳ̼˶Ͼϵˣô˵
Լ׵ģ³̫̫ĴԼӣǳ̼˸ʲôͻƵߵ԰ɣ˵˵ɶˣ첻µزµҲзӵһ죿
³ɱҭһ£ǵ
ȻԼ˵ڡ
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ɣ³ԽźҲˣհһӾܵ³̫̫̡
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󲮡հ³ɣҲɽˣ³Խں棺
Ҳڣ
ɳЦЦ˵ͷ
֪ôģɿȻЩ顣
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ûɶǳԱͻȻţ˵ҪҺ
ѽ˵ˣ³ɫȻ˱䣬³̫̫ҲζĿԼӡ
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³ɸҪ˵³̫̫ǳһ䣺ܵ棬ղŵĻظһ飡
³ɿ³Խֻ̾˿Լ̼˶˵ˣ³Խ˵֮ҲĬ˺һ
ҩ顭
³ָģҾǺ֪ģܣǮҲɲ£Ҿ֪ģȻȥˣ
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³ɣֹԬ˼̰ģЩꡭɣ
˱˵ˣ³̫̫Ļ뷨Ӱɣɣô
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ֻǷҵķݶҿɴӲǷġ
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ǸԼҵ¡
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ᵽξ³̫̫Ȼ뵽˵Ԭͷˣ˭
³Ҳ㶣⡭ֻ֪и޸һ߹٣Ǿġû˵
˾˼Ƭ̣³Խľˣ
粻˳٣ôҲûã̼߳ŭǺ֪ôԸ硣
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кǶֿˣҲӭ˳ϲܵûˣôҲǰ˵һ
ɣ³̫̫ôʮ㡣
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ÿδĵȺϲˣ춼Խˡ
ںھݵˣȫΧ³ߣлл壡лл
ЦܻҲպãɱһֻѼҳԸԲ
˵žΧΧȹȥˣѿæɩҸæ
³̫̫³㣬ȥˡ
꺮ůȻٲ˵ģ³ڳ͢٣Ǹѧˣ³̫̫ǶЩۡ
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գ³̫̫ˣǿ̫ˣ֮ǰżҲǴҴҾߣҲڼϢϢˡ
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ӴҵĶҪԸסլԺͶˣ⵵ˣֻҪ;˳˳ģ͸ˣ
³㣺ĿףλҲﱨϲĻ£Ժ׫ˡ
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⻰ɱȴլӳ³̫̫ϲЦտģ
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³ҲʮĽĵɾ۰ҲɸãгϢģ
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ʣôˣ
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³㣺Ҳһǣճ̵ܹ࣬һͷٶһЩҲصģ䣬ֻһЩϵδô
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ݲǼٵѿһЦˣУȥ̵̳
̳Ӳۣȫ˶֪бأ򿪣һɴζ˱ǶѿЦɩ뱧һݲ̳ȥˣˣôҲԲ
һ߶ѼһЦ£ֱӱ߾ǣٸ磬׼ܹ
ѿҿɾͲˣ˵ţһܲҧһڣĿڸкζѿ̲סһζ
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ѿѿôġ᲻ᡭ
ﱾһ䣬뻹סˣϵһֻѼѾС飬¹ʹнһˮһ߽ӹѿеܲг˳
Ҫһݲˮ
ѿ
ˮõѼӻֱӿԳһ飬ԳĿǳȥѼζ;ֵ˰ݲˮƵݲˮ˵ط̣ɢһе
ԳѼ²תɰСѼ壬Ժܲһļ˷ĿڸУˬθõѼ֮ǰҪʣ°ݲˮܾݴܲѼˡ
ʣ¼ֲˣѿһ˸һûҪ˳ɤӺԺȺ̰Եܲͷͱζˣܵݴһķˣ̿Է
˵⻰ĶǸȫ̰Եģ³̫̫Ļ˵հСʱԲ
³˶³˰Щ
³̫̫ЦߣԷɣȥϱҲ
³㶣


87 ͢ʾ
ΪɵĹ, ³ҳԵڣҲѵõĺ飬ڷϻԾ, ǵΤĿƵƵ
ط, Τ̲ס˾䣬³Ŀһ, Ҿͳ̼һޣǼҺ, ûйϵˡ
ΤסΪɶ
³ɲ϶˵ֻ֪С
Ȼ˵ΤȴԼԼĲµˣ̽Ե˾䣺զżҩ鵱ͳ̼йϵ𣿡
³ɿԺ⣬һ
ҵĸү
³ɣС±˶
Τϣɣʵ˵ûմ飿
ɶأȱµҸɲ, 㵱ǸԼ, ҲԼײ, ˳ˮ۶ѡ
ΤϵɴۣԼң
³һŷӦΤӦ֪£³뺬ȥΤϷӦ˹˲ץס˲ţ˵ǵԼҲׯ£ɶˣ
³ɱʵЩԽԼҵȫ˵, Τ, ζûлع
֪Ҳûɶ, ¶ȥ, Ҳˡ³˵׼ߣ˭֪ΤϽ첻ˣ⼸Ҳôô׬Ǯֻһ㣬㲻ܺ˶ӣ˳ԺҪ;ģ
˵ʲô³ɲĵһܺҶӣҶ˵Ҫͳ̼ƲϵˣһŮ˼ұôˡ
Щ飬³ɽ࣬ƽʱѾʮֲͣΤҲѵûָ˼ִǰ³ô˵Τϻɵɿ֡
³ɣһҪ㣬˯ɡ
Τûˣ֪³ϲׯ⼸ͳ̼ҹϵܣĿǧ˿ƣ³ɹʱĶܿͳȥĸʤ
ΤҲۣ뵽ӣҧҧҲաֻҪ˳ԺҲ˳˳ĵˣǰʲôɲǱڸ࡭
³ɻԼ󣬿ʼϸĥ⼸̼ҵ
ϣǮһЩģرֵӦû֣ȷ˵̼ҵĵ¶ĳ԰ӡ³;ͷֱۣߵ˱һһо
⼸꣬˱ǰһִģ³żſһֻۣһЩͳ̼ұûиκ˿СĴ򿪣һһʵĿȥһȻһ϶ûкۡ
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³գڼйҹڳѿϲᣬҲһ˿˿ϣ˭֪ڶ磬ѿЩΪѵ´
һ䡣
ѿ¶ɫɩʵ²׼ѾЩˣγʱҲûϵûд
֮ǰǿûţ
ѿţֻЧòԣҪµļֲС
ƽտǧҪע⣬֮Ķмǲմ
ѿ˵ͷлɩʵҲ֪ǶڲҺ
ãȻϲ˵жȻҲżģҲĽɩĺøԼɡ
󾪣˵ﻰڻСҲҪܴ˵ԽԽûСҾ˾˺;ĸʯͷʱҲˣƽ̬Ȼˡ
ţѿмѣллɩ
бõȹ
³ԭڼҴգ˭ڶ磬С˵³ңǸм´³㲻ѣֻǰء
˵Ǻ£³ʸСˡ
С˿˿ԺУڹ﷢˺ôĻ𣬴šǺͱսйϵ
³ü
⼸꣬Ͷһֱвٵǽ꣬͢ʵһֱڳԽ߾Ӹǲù´ʱ򶼺ͺԺ޹أ֪δ
Ҳûã³ֻǼ̳³̫̫Ҳӣ֪æµ
ҡ³ֹ³̫̫֣ˣ¸пջȥǵģϽȥæ¡
³ͷãʱ
ߺ³̫̫ԶѸ椱Ů³̫̫еȻżһЩЩ
ϱҿѿѿ컻ѣˣ
ֻõͷǡ
³̫̫̾˿û˵ʲôСŮԺȥˣҲһӿڣתԺš
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³ɴһʱʵĿû뵽ǣûкȻʹһ¡
ʥϺȻҪ򱱲ģ׽ɧ֮ǡ
һʱ䣬ջȻСﶼ£ԲȻҲ⡣
͢Ҫˣ
Ȼǲϣ̵ģ˵ǲϣԼսսڱ;޹أһ磬˶£һţһҲ̲ס롪
һսʱҺ˽αһʱ䱻͢ΪãǶɡ
סˣ׼ȥ̣ʦҲӺ˳ӡ
ͷ̸֪ʦ˼ҪΣ˵ڻûӰ쵽ߣǰ׼ҲãǷݣõʱҪʱæҡ
Ӧˣ½㣬Լȥ³̡
⣬̵ĻҲ׷£ҶЦָԺɩӣԽ档
³ԽմҤ¯һѾʪ͸ˣ߹ȥʱ³Խʹˮرϴˮˮһ´ϣ³Խתͷæȥûɡ
˲ϵˮ飬ҡͷôϴճһˡ
³Խȥ˺Ժˮ
³ԽЦû£ϰˡ
վĬĬĿţƽʱʱҲͿմҤ¯³ԽһϺʢģȴˮ̳һвһ˿
ۣƽʱģʰòȥҵİɣ
ЦЦĬϡ
ҲĬˡ
͢Ҫˣ˵𣿡
ţ˵ˡ
Ӱ𣿡
ЩԱŹģ³Խ뱧ˣֻϻкζסˣʱᣬҪս˵
Ľأ
³Խ̱͢Ч
üëö۰
̴˾ʧ׬Ǯŵ᲻õۣҪǵһ죬㵽ʱ̣ҲѰñ͢ãûûҹƱ³ꡭ
³Խĵģǰͷõģ⼸궼հȣҲһӰ쵽ߵսսپܿͽˡ
šĲɵһ
˻ؼҺ³̫̫ȻҲ֪ϢͶ˵˺ЩҲһߡ
³̫̫̾ͷû꣬ҪˡҪ˵ҷŵɽأգ³һӣ̵ʱʲô˵һ̣Ǿǿຣæ˼ʮ꣬ʮꡭ
³̫̫Խ˵Խ³ԽæȰʱ˶ùھսڱߣûϵ
³̫̫ô˵ߣˣǴӾ𣬶ɰͰ̸ת˰ɣ˭Ըȥ˭ȥӣϱзݣǼҲԴ׬ǮҲò׬ǮҲգ޹ء
³ԽҡͷɽǱأһӵĶҲҪˣʱ͢ȱˣǶ
㻹ҾȰתתУҪڻҪöӸܿ࡭
³ԽԽ˵ԽᣬȰûӰ飬ôôˣżͷȥ̽̽
³̫̫̾ţ̽ǿ϶Ҫ̽ģҲҪģϾڳΪ٣֪ĶһЩǱߡ
³̫̫䣬ǱΤϼҴҵܹˣ
ɶ£
ɽȥ˳̼ңòƱ̼˿²ˣΤϼҴҵģȻҲʮżԶһ
³̫̫̼ɶʲôпסˣ̼ǹٸ𣿣
ֻ֪ǳ̼ˣ˵ɱ壬ӲšԬԱ⸮Ҫú̸̸žͲʲôƲ磡
ԩ³̫̫վŶˣɶȥˣȥ֮ǰҲ˵һã
Τϼˣô˵һˣɲܼŴɲܴܰǳ͢ˣһ仰ǳ̼˿϶Ҷôģ
㻹˼˵ǶĹǳ̼Ҳ㲻֪ô򵥡
ΤˣҲ֪⼸꣬ʲô⣬ʲôҵȷǲ֪ѽ
³̫̫̾ûô򵥣ȥŰɣհʹѾչ˺ãԼǵ鷳Լ
֪鷳ˣɶȥˣ
Τ򴽣ֻתͷȥˣˣ³ԽſڣҪȥһ°ɣʲô
³̫̫һһ¾ˣҹϴȥֱ˵ˣ˼ֲɵܸɣһô׵顣
ãģϢ
Ҳֻ㡭
³ԽЦЦҾ͸òˣûһƲ飬
³Խ˵ͳˣ³̫̫ԼӣҲԼɷϱһۣ³̫̫̾˿
-
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³ɽȷȥ˳̸˵˱ͳ̼˺þۺɢǮ塣ԭҲǷԬʲôֻ˺ϻһЩɣˣ˭֪ո˵⣬ԬЦһ
֣Ǻȸûɣⶼҵģ֣ôֵ
³ɣôֲˣһһǮʼɣڻһһ룬ҳϵܣЩֳӦñ
ԬЦˣôأϳԵҪҵĹϵ֪Ϣ´Ƭɣ𣿴֣ⶼˣӲŵɲ˸ɡ
˭˵ҹӲˣ³ɼˣֻǲ롪
㲻ʲô
³ɻ˵һ뱻ҭסˣԬЦǮ׬ˡȻлˣ׬Ǯˣ
³ɾ㵵Ŀ³⣬ʱģ
ЦԬȻվ
֮ǰôԼҲׯˣǿأЩũ񲻿ϸĵɣôЭҲˣ
³ɱһҭԼҡȻʹԬüأȴǿӲԼҵ£Լĳպ͹ٸүȣԼײģ޹أ
޹أ֣ʵɣԼ϶ԴγãҲڳ̣µľǸ룡Ǹ룬ֵͨ˼ҸϵѾߣ
³𾪵̧ͷ㡭㲻˵ʱȷʵ룬ֻүû֣
ôɵ£ԬЦҾУô֪أݺıԱ֣ϲϰ
³һƨ˵ϣǵģ޹ء
Լ϶ڱƵãһأ˵Ͷ·Ůˡ
³ɿԬЩǡǴص顭˵Ǯ
˼ҽӶҪҪأôǮƽأҵĺô簡̫˰ɣֵңҹˣǵĵ綼ˣˣû˰취Ҳֻܸɣˡ
㡭㡭³ɾȵĻ˵ˡ
Ԭ˵֣´˵ɣʵҲ֪޷ǾΪҩǣ浽˶ѣȻҪǱҵô飿԰ɣһ
ˡǴְ֪ܣͷּαΪСµ׬Ǯأ㲻ʲͿˣ
³̵ҡͷȴ˵
Ԭļ򣺡úɣϢɣþƺдţְˡǧҪǮȥ
Ԭ˵űԶˣ³һǷϵλϣ亹һð˳
Ǯ
ǮҪ׬٣׬ˣ
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տ쵽磬ǴСȻһȺٱʼʾһѷǰ쿴дɶˣ
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ⲻ
ɶɶ£
ٸֲɸĵɣˣҪվҪʳ
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ʾʱھһȻ󲨣Ƿ׷ը
ǰ˵ĵɣģ˵Ļȥ죡͢ȱʳϰʲôϵ
ǡڶˣվҪôܣڸĻȥȥæһĲ˿׬Ǯ𣿡
׬Ǯƨأڲ㲻ˣ
³ȻҲ˵ϢΤյŵʱιι;ֱҵ˽ϣæʣѽû°ɣ㣬æ
òãΤæܾ
治ðҿ˰㰡ȥɵĿûͷͷ
ǡ
ΤĲɵӦţӵĻô˵ȴҲǴԼС̣Ȼôõ飬ˮתôʲôã˵ͷҪͷˣ
ΤҲ˲ϱôˣǸϣѾˣ³̫̫˰֣˵Ҷ֪ˡҲˣһͻˣô˵ɡ
ﻰ䣬³ɵʹԺſڴ˽
һˡ
ɣ
Τϼȥӭ˵ʱһ³㲣ڳ̼ҹһҹѣǴһϱ³Ҳ̧ͷֱݣºһԲˡ
ɣ͢ĸʾˣ
ˡҪʾԬҲߡ
³̫̫ӣզѽܻȥ̼Ҵ̽Ϣˣ
³ɿ۶ܣʹıͷȻҲ̲סһˡȫˡɣˣѪ޹ˡ
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ɵĻüȫסˡ
Ѫ޹飿ɡɱңˣǼҽ˿ֵؾˣôѪ޹ˡΤϵˣ̲סʡ
³Ĩ˰ᣬϱܣµҲˡԴĵɣǰ֪
˵ϢͿʼյأʱòׯѺжٶᣬũũǳԷļһʲٶֻ΢ԬȰң򲻳ɾ⣬ũ̸ã˿Ǯ߷ֳɣǰʽһƬãһΧеĵأÿũ񶼺ǰֺֽĻѺ
ɺЩũҲɵеԽԽ࣬˿ļ۸ҲԽԽߣҾ᲻úײǣͰѷֳɱᵽŵ˵ȥĻԭչũԿԼ˴ءˮִǱߵĵأڳ͢˵־ͲˣĲ˿һǮ
³ԽҲһȥɣ
³ҡͷǿĸʾֻһ֣ڳ̼ңԬõϢ磬Ǳķǣ͢Ҳأͼ̸õȫˣˡղ˿ˡֿڵĲ˿û·ټϴ̣ԼȥҲǲˣøũǮ
ǣⲿֿеɣͳ̼Ҳһֱ𣿣Τϼæʵ
³ʹһ㣬죬˱ȥͳԬޱܣⶫһԬͱд˸޵Э飬Ȼ󣬾Ͱ˸ϳȥˡ
³̫̫ҪȥɣɱңЩũǩֻѺֻɡ
³ɿ촽ȥѪɫǡ
³̫̫һͳһһû



88 ״³
³̫̫תѵʱѾ, ֵܵԺ⴫˽
ɡ
³̫̫ʶȺ³ԽԺȻֵֹһͬŶ롣
, ˣ
³³Խæߵ˴, ³վں治ǰ
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³ͷûʲô£, ܴ˵ҪϢ
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³̲סˣ³̫̫һۣҲûˡ
ɣ㶼֪˰ɣô
³˵ͷ۴ɣӾãǳ̼ҵ¿϶ôˣõķֻжԲáĻ, ҲζŴҪܵͷˡ
͸Եͷ³̫̫ɸֵĵ
ûԲãȥŻģ
³Ŀ¶ɫ, 𡭡Һһô, ״ҲҲΡ
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³ɣҵȻ鷳ˣ鷴϶ôˣճ̵һ˳ܣ
ڳ˱㻹ɶ³̫̫
³Խһ³ɣ磬˵Ķԣڰ, ùٸõġ
ǡҡ
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Լ˵ϬĿ, ³Ҳ̲ȥˣֻʵԼһдϵȫ˵˳
³üô˵ǸԬͷЩĵ飿
³ɣҲǲ֪
³̫̫ѾԸ˵ʲôˣڿϳ̾³ԽᶨȻˣǾ͸Ҫˣ磬ǼҲˣֻùٸãȥ̹ף㱻ԬƭҲǲ֪ġ
³㣺˵Ķԣϻ˵Ǹ飬һȥ⼸Ҳ෽һ£ϻ˵Ļһλȷǳ̼ҵˣԬЩְ꣬λӦҲ˲ٵĸ˰ֻǻƷ֮ϣҺԺ֮¡
³̫̫֣ɲ˵ˣ޹أ͵֪£ֻӰ㡣
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³ɲ˵ʲôĻˣԼԺӡΤϷҲһֱţһȥ̵ɣҪȥ٣һˡʲô顭˳
ʲô취ﻹжܶô˵ˣҲ롭
Τҧ˵ʵճ̵ģ⼸ˣ׿˶Ǯ
³ɷıסͷ
ˣҲûϸģ͡ͳǷµǧ࡭ֿЩڻ
Τǰһڣǧ
ҵүҲˣ߰ɣ
үôҰ
Τõľ³ȴֻţʹıסͷΤϿ޺š
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ߣ˵ºҲʮֵľȡ
û뵽̼ҾȻôģ类ô࣬ӦǱʴĿɡ
ǧᡣ³Խ
ﵹһǧ
Ŀ³еļҲҲ󹻵ġ
ǮȥǲˣôĿҲȫ³ҳеΨһķˣڹٸĲþ¾⣬Ҳôࡣ
³Խ§ļһһȥ
ãСģʲôһҪǰ˵һ
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һ磬³Խ³ɱ㵽ſڡ
磬ȥɡ
³վ̨³ٳٲǰ³Խļ򣺡ʹʹŹٸ
³ԥԥڹһŲԩıߣţ˴ģһһ
ܿ죬ܳ˼졣
»ԩ
Ǽܿʹ³ɺ³Խ˹ã³ԽѾǵһˣүȻҲϵ³⼸ķˮȻҲϵá
³ɹڵأ³ϴɡԩˣˡΪ
Ŷкԩ飬˵

̼ҡ
ԬˣС˺ȻææĴܽĶߵＸ䣬ԬɫȻ˱䣺ʲôʱ£
ͽա
˼Ԭɫһ䣬ʵ˺£
Ԭһ³ɳıӵˣȻܵٸȥңҲҳԬһֽ״ĵ𣿣
һ㶣³ɡǰһͬ˿λ
Ҳ룬һʼֻһССׯƹ⼸ܳǿ˭ϵͨģҪңڻһĶֵسշأ
Цͨ󣬵ȻһССˣ³ҡ³ɣǰΪˣ
ԬЦ֣³һССĺԺʿܺȰ˵ˣֻҪҺҽͨţǼҽ̡ݡׯпӳԣЦ
˵ǣԺʿҵ˵λʿڵԵʱ˶񣬿ɼĲɻǲģУԺ޵˵˻ΣΪ׫Ҳָտɴˡ
Ԭ˼Ƭ̣棿
һλڻְĽҼС˿ܹԱǨ֮£ҵȻ֪һЩ
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ڴˣģҳԬһϵ͢ҪУҾͺ³ɺǳ͢Ҫʳ֣գ
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֣Ҹ϶Ƭ̣ȥ³״֮£ͷʹ
ã֣ȥæ
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³̾Ҳûطȥ
ֵһ·ߣ³ɴͷɥûãׯĻƱæˣңҺңׯкЩɣũأŵǩµҪϻղ˿գҪյǩ޺Լ⳥ǵʧϾ͢ϾҪָũˣЩɣмҼһĲôҲǸ⡣
³һ㶣ЦǰպԼɣͲϵĴҪͷˣǵ׬ǮʱôûǸɱأܣ
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̡̹
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³Խ״йɲõԤУʣأ
ûׯˣҲҲˣ
³һ㶣̻ͷ³Խһۣɫȥĵá
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ʲôҾͱˣ
˲ׯԺſҲΧ˸ˮйͨΤԺŲȺ˳
ׯҲ³ɣֻҶ£һкԼǻҪһֻũ
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ȺУ˺һǱһѷΧȥ̾ͱȺΧסģһš
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ţԩݰɣˣԼǵԼ
ãҲݰɣܴ˵ҪϢ³Խ³̫̫ȥˣ߹š
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߶ûͣ½½ҡ³̫̫ûöκһȥ¶ֻǰѴѾ˳˹⼸վڶסˡ
ʱٸˡ
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ٲ磬İɣҪͳԬԲ𣿡³ɿͿӭȥ˭֪Ǽٲڣ˵Ļ㽫˸ͷת򣺡ԲãȷҪԲã³ɣ״ѹգòֶڮͬУǿȰոĵɣͨٸкԱ̺ȥһţ
³סˣΤҲסˡ
Ӷ߳³˶סˡ
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ʲô˵ߣ
켴ǰѺˣؿɲǿͿˣһ˴ˣ³ɻ·ʱ򲻶ϵĻͷ
³̫̫ĿŹٲ˴ˣΤϿǰͨһ¾͹ˣҪȾȴɰ⵽ǣǡ
ΤϿ޵ģ˳ʹѾȻԣҲһޣ³̫̫ĳӲҲ̲ס̾ɰȥɣһ°ɣС
³Խ˵ͷá

³յںԺſڱԼҶ磬³Խ˵յº³Գ˼Ƭ̱˵ͷ
Ժȥ
˭֪³߼㱻ͬŻסˣ³㣡
³һͷͬŴӺԺＱҴҵ˳ȥֹҪ㣡
³һ˺£
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ǲǻи磿״Ҵ磬ǣ㣬ȥͺֹ
³̻ͷ³Խ³ԽüͷҲܣȥڴ˴㡣
³ͷǶԺƬ̣ȥʲô
³Խͷ⺲ԺȣںԺⲢٸţ˲Ǻܶ࣬³Խڴһȱǰʱǿ³˳
Σ
³ԽԼܵܣæǰʵ
³㿴۶磬Цǲܺȥˣ磬ϸϸ˵ȥ߲õģϢ

һʱ³Խݳ³ңΤϻ³̫̫ǰޣ³Խϱվȴַ׷ס
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ȫ˶סˣ³ֶ̫̫ڶ˵˵˵˵
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ܹ񣿣Ī˵ʲôԻԣŵʱҲûչһ񣡼ֱЦ
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³ԽɩżҲûãǱҲ취Ϣˣһʱġ
ΤϺҵĵͷáã鷳˶ܡ
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һ׮׮³ҵպȻ˵ԡ
СܲôˣҲ֪Ƕæµ¡
հŵóοŮߣ̫̫˳˲٣ֻûг׽֮ǰ˶ȫ
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˰ЦڣԲݵԼģɫζҶðð
ҲοֻǶҲЩģ겻տ³ƵƵ˾˾ĸǱߵ黹ûֺ͢Ȼ̣˵鷳ģĵȴ̣һսԽԽҡ
˵սʱǰȥսûûҹĸɻٵоͻϮΣգ롭
ɩӣɩӡ
񣬱㻽һ䣬عţ
㣺ɩӱˣܹҲҴ飬㵱ΤɩҶҲ֪һЩȻ˼ңҲš
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ЦЦȥæɣùҡ
˵ͷЩ˼ʵ졭٣Ǹ˵˿գǻһȥ
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ˣֻڷտ³ԽûҲˣ˵£հ͸ǱȥӰɣҵš
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ҲǺ˵һҪȥһɽ֣˵м£Ҹ˻ȥ˻չ˺ǵġ
ڣЩȣɶʱܻû˵ʲô𣿡
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ɽǱߺٻ³Խ³Խٹȥƫƫʱ򡭡
ڳʱ, ʦĲɣǰȰƹ, ȥЪŰ, ˵ۣӱ㲻ˡ
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Ȼл, ˡ
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˻ûܽȴһƤݺݵ˼£ɫҲ
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ըըɽ
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Ȼüסǰ˵ĸ첲㣬ɽըǲǻ
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ˣɽԽ粻֪ģ֣ҲҲˣ
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챻Ѻ֤֤֮ڣԼҵ顢顢겼ׯĺˣԬҲ֪ڱʲôӣܹ黹ûжԲãֱӾͽѺѾˡ
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˶³̫̫ĲְֱߵĶ˳ȥҾ֪ôһ죡Ǳô˵˵ֹٻࣿ
ѿǣûô죬Ѿˣ֪òá
ȫ˶˳Ĭûбķ߶һ𣿡
ѿõΪ⼸ԵЩͬŶԸΪ֤ǱĵҲˣ˵ǲǿЦ𡣡
ǣоٵʱǶĿõģ̼ڶԭⲻĻȥˡˣ飬еĴ֤³̫̫
ѿæͷǣλҲΪģ棬嶼дˣֻҪǰӡ֤
³̫̫վúúãȥ
³Խȥɡ
УһˣڼҺúϢ
ѿע⵽һ˵³ԽҲû´
ɩǣ
³̫̫³Ҳ˳£Ҳ˵£ȱɡ
ѿˣ˵˸ûҩըɽ֮һʼķŭ㵣ٵȻ侲˲١
硭һǸըɽ˿Ҳǳ̼ȥġ
³̫̫󾪣ϱ˵⻰ɶ˼֪ɶ
𼱣⼸պ룬ǸԬԾǸĹϵаԵˣ︳˰Ե֪ĵɣϢ֪磬γ͢ջߣȻıĳ·Ըҩ⡣̰ĵ˿϶ǲģ˵һ϶Ƕɩ̡̣ɩķݣһۺˡ
ѿһ³̫̫Ȼ
øԬҺû꣡
³ԽĬһᣬʵҲˣûץס
ѿ𼱣һǣڳ͢ͻҩܿؼϣǸô϶磬㱨𣿡
³Խһˡ
ѿǾͺãƹܻҩҲǻԬŰԲôҲΪʲôҪӿɽǱ֡
ɢߡ³ԽȻ
ɽճ£ǱȥˣֻǾǼ֮Ǳвٵˣǵóѵġ
Ҳ˶ˣ³̫̫ˣզû˵
С£ˡ
³̫̫ҧһڣ¹ȥˣһȥǳ̼ҵһڣʲô
ģаѹһа취ġѿο
ȫԲʱſںȻһۣ˭³Խ
һ³Խվ˴ţǡ
³̵ˣǰɽϳڣ
³Խǣ챨Ĺ١
߰ɣ㡣


90 ץ
³Խ֮ǰ, ЦЦʾصģžͺЩˡ
³̫̫̾˿, ҵȥȥͷ˳, ϣܱ³ҡ
, ǵȥ¡ѿѡ
ԣȥ£
ѿҺһȥ
³ûһ, Ҳȥ³̫̫˼ϱ, ͱȥˣšڼҺúϢ, հչ˺á
ﻹ, ˵ͷ, ΤҲ, ŴѾҲ⣬ŵá
³̫̫˵ͷѿһȥˡ
ֻʣΤϺ, ӡü, ΤϺȻԼü궼ûﵥദˣ, Цʱ, Ľġ
ﴹҲûʲôĽ, Ϳˡ
ΤϣҲǿ, ÿߵĿ, ˵ɰ, ϵƭһٹᣬ͸óѪԣûк³ġ⼸꣬Ĵĺãʲôأÿȥÿ죬ˮһա
˵ȷЩû˵ˡϷ£Ȼһת۾͹˿ꡣ
ΤԲ˲٣ҲŶʮȴһʮĸˡ֮ǰż߶Ѿ˳ʱɩ˲ٵĿ࣬ŮӾͬڹŹһ⣬Ҳѹֵƽʱ˳ΨӺСմһĶС
ΤĿһȻҲһ㡣ˣȥʮ꣬¶ƫһЩȥ˵ʮŶʮҲŵġ
ΤϺȻԼ᲻ˡ
󷿻ʲôʸȥ᣿
Τ̾뿪˵ʲôʱԺȻִһƤ͵һ⼸³ҵʵ̫ˣÿ˶ߵЩС
˭Ҳֱȥ
أ
һϤļ洫˽ΤϺһ㶣ȻǮϡ
ʲô
Τϣҵģҳȥҿ´Ѿ˳
á
Τ˳ȥȻǮϣǮˣΤ㶼ˡ

ǮϼӶԺһ˲ܿû˵ˡ
㻹Ҹأ
Τü
Ǯϣɣˣڳ͢ߣϽôɰǽĲ˿գǮǰˣ
Τ԰ʮĶĲﰡɶǸ˴ɣڳ͢˵ͱ䣬˵ǡ
ΤЦһҲ֪ǳ͢ڱţ͢ҲǴģڱɣũҪǮˣŮôҲʱˣ
ǮϣŮҲҪչ°ֵҲأ˵ˣµҲˣҶ
ˣ
㣺ǣ³أ
ΤϣɱɣҶֵأܿǮеǰŴ׬Ǯʱɲô˵İɣȻкܶëһǿģ˿ɲûģ
ΤһҭϺȻЩȣ˭֪仰װǮŭΤǼ޳ȥŮóȥˮҪӦõģԲԣǴɵǩԼܲܲϰɣ
ǮóԼΤעһ˹Ȼ󣬾͵˺ˡ
㡢㡭ǮϾˣ˼ĿԼŮΤĿһۣҲôɰǵˣһȴǮɳ˶֪ҪǮûУҪǮȥ̼ȥɣ
㣺Τûİô˵
ΤϸԺһۣÿȦſڱɨļʺͼëΤߵȦڣ˵Ҫǰۣ˭֪߼ΤϾ͵һת첲ҲһһļëͼʺǰкЩĿӺЬϡ
߲ߣҼˡΤеﻹһЩʺëвǰһ
ӡӣ
һǵĺŮ
һֱڴߣһĻ֮ҲˣǮڷָΤϾҪǰȥ˺Τһסˡ
ֻ³ҴԺѾвٵĴڿΤˣˡ´ɡ
ǮϱΤקˣΤϵ㣺㻹ߣˡ
ɫֻ࣬ûֵĹߣΤšҵţ
ðҵ㣡ҵĺöɩ
תͷˣϳԼЩܲˣΤϼˣҲһ
طСӶ𾪵ĿΤ㶣˼ĵңȥϴϴմ˼ʺҲеζ
ʱս˳С硭ǴĸûĴĸĸӡĸʱǳĬģе֡
˳ĵͷ
-
ȵ磬³̫̫ѿ³Խͬʱҵġ
³̫̫Ȳʣɣˣ
³Խըɽץˡ
˭ȫͬ
³Խߵﴲס֣ɽϵĴ񣬵˵Ϊʲôըɽ
񣿣³̫̫š
ҲüӦָʹɡ
³Խͷһɽץ˵ģӦܣֻûϵ꣬ˣɽǱȣűٸѰ˵ġ
ãۣ³̫̫ݺݵĵ
ѿҲ˼ҾáӦǹؼ磬к뷨
³Խͷǣǲ֪ٸǱܲ˿죬ץ̼˿϶յϢˡ
ѿæҵûȥˣϢɣǱ뷨ӡ
磬Ϣ
³̫̫ãϱˣתɣƽ̬Ī
İɣһġ
ȫѿĿ뿪ˡ
ȼ˻ʱŷ֣ΤϾȻ
վһЩִ٣òǻһˣȳԵɡ
³̫̫һˡ
Τԥ˰ΣҪȥǱ߿ɰɣܴܲ㶫ȥ˵ʵǡ
³̫̫³Խ룬öɿ㲻ûʲôӰĻУӰĻˡ
³ԽһڷӦУЩǮС
Τϣҳҳģ
³̫̫һۣû˵ʲôԷɡ
-
һգҶƣ
ҹĻ٣³ԽСڴ߸ϥҩס֣ڰˣҿ
³Խһʶܾ˭ֵ֪㲻ҲͿҩˣѽ
³Խֲִֻѵˡ
Ƥһ˲ۣϰûһƤЩĿĵ˿һһţס졣
³ԽֻһۣϽˡ
ƤˡܴϺõĽҩҪ˼ͺˡ
ţһĻ˵
ǰǰ졭ǲĲ㡢͡ͼˡ
³Խ͵ؽ§УϵıȥˣûУġҲ뿪㡣
̲ҪˣɽҲȥֻҪհи椡
³ԽԴϵıһ㣬§ڻﰲ˺þãʵʵĸ¶ȣŽĻ˹


91 Բ
, עʱ
ڣΤϴһñɴڸǵʵʵ, ǿֻʱ䣬ΤӦ£ĳ˼, ҿ˿, ȥˡ
Τߵ³ηǰʱ, Ŀڽ䣬ͷ棬ǰһˮһͿһͷηζֱŻΤ̲סʵĺɡ
³ɲתͷΤ, ﷢ɿ˻Ƶ˶ӽ˹

ҡΤ
㣬ô
³ɤɳ, ۾Ҳǳģ˵, ûЩ, ǰҷųȥ˵
Τס³ɵ, ȴҲǵĶɣ˵
Ҹ㡭˵ЩûãٸǱڲ, ǱҲ취, ûô졭㻹Ҫһ, ҸղѾˣǱҲˣЩȥһηЩˡ
³һ˵Ҫһ˶ЩıҲҪҲҪȥ
ɣΤץס³ɵ֣ڲ˵Щʱʱ̫̣㡭Ǹ˵Ị̇ǲǳԬ͹ġ
³⻰𽥵侲
̡
Ԭ
³ҡҡͷǡôóԬ˹ء
Τϼڳ̼Ҳи˱ǰṩģڲׯЩ꣬Ǹ֤֤ϸ룡
ṩģ³ҧгݣڷӦ˹̡̰
ˣ³ɺȻһ¥ذ̵ģڱ㣬ҼǸ¥ƹ񶼱ȥˣǸŮ۸һʱ֮ġǰԸԸȥׯģ
Τһ㶣ļҲ¥
ʮ
Τ룺֪ˣһȥ˵ʱ쵽ˣǼ˺ͷȳ˵ɡҵˡ
³˵ҪˣһʱҲЩȵȡͶû˵ʲôʱܳȥ𡭡ܡ
ΤҧûСǱҲˣ̼Ҳ״㣬ǣܣҲǰ˵жܣǰΪɽըҲˣҲڲ飬֮һҡɣֻţģȰѷˣһͶġ
³ɵ䣬ܶˡˡ³ҡ
ʱ䵽ˣѣΤϲѵĽֳ˻ҧˣɣúñء
³ɻ˵ʲô촽ȴ˵ڣΤϴñ֮ˣһҲҵ
лˣ磬鷳ԡһЩΤϳȥǰָǸǮЦЦ˵
߳Ÿо֮࣬ͷǺĴţ
תӿ˽Ų
-
ʮ
ȫΤϴϢ㶣˼Ƭ̣ʮӦǳ̼ҵģҲżȻʳ˵һΣʮ¥ƹȻնҲǳ̼ҵݣһ¶ͳ̼Ѳ˹ϵ
ͿʼˣӼǰ⼸ɹʲôӣͿӰ³̫̫߷ߺΪڼҵĿ˼
Щ
³Խȥһ˹ٸЩٽһ¡
³Խ׼תţ˭ϸߵԺĹٲҲȥˣǹٲѾʶ³Խżɽ߰ɡ
ĳ³˿ϰˣȻģȴҲûа취
³Խߺ³Ժֻʣ¼Ů˺ͺӣĵܵǰ岮ûµġ
ŮĵСް̲ס§˻˵Ķԣûµġ
-
³㣡
⼸գΪɰӵ飬³ҲûйңںԺУͬſȥҲʱ
İӺֳתˣҪҪȥʺֹ٣
³üʲô
ֻ˵˵ĿɽҲ£˳ҵ˳̼ұ˵˵̼ǲǷˣڹȥ磡ȥ˹٣þȾ鿪أ
ͬź³ϵĺã³ҳµԵɶҲ˽һЩ³ԭΪǴֳ£ȴû뵽˵ϢʵҶû°ɣ
ûСҲ縣󣬱ըɽû£Ǹըɽ˵ܵĹ֮бѹȣܲˣ˵˵ⲻʲôҽջʱ˵ں˶Բأǳָ̼ʹģǹٸȻỳɳ̼ҵĶˣǸʲôżҲҪ֤
³۾ȻһǺ£⼸Ҽãھȥֹ٣ҲҪȥţ
ȵȰֹٲ˵𣡡

⼸գ³ҵֵ÷зھû˲֪ġ⿪֮գеİǶͷӵţ֡
ŹºϣˮĴȻˣҲΪ֤˳ϯ³̫̫ȻҲϵˣտöȲ³ϲׯͳ̼ҵľף³Խֻץ⼸²š
һӸ¶ʮﱳƹʵǳ̼ңһָϴɵ˱ʵԾ˻ɣǣðըɽ֮ҲָʹǸҲġ³ԽдоݣͷүҲȻźӿʼϸϸĥ
֮Ҳ˿ʼ壺԰ô£ҪɺҲ̫˰ɣүҪúòа
ǣ³ɲף³ЩǵصģҪǳ̼϶Ĳҵһ׮׮Ҳ湻ģ
ɽģҿ֤үҪ죡ǰɽϿɱĶըɽҲû³Խ˾Ǵһͨ
ĻҩΪɶըɽЩ˵ȥ
Ǿǣ
飬ɵŪˣ
ǵԽУүһྲ
ԣٶѾ֪ˣˣԬ
³Խһô죬ܼˡԬһֱڱŲ棬ǲԲãóԬãѾһˡ
ǺܿԬ˵λԱ⣬вٵİҲԹ̼ҵĿһʱ޵ǳԬҲź⡣
Ԭ֮ʱ³ǱҲոոϵֻϴ֮ˣֻ
Ԭǰ֮ĿбӣЦ˸񣺡Ԭ̫ү
ȡ
һڹãԬ
ԬЦЦ˳ƺǣˡ
³ԽʦүظһߣóԬʲô˵
ʦүǰǡ
ǵųԬ棬Ǽ֤˵ĵ֤ظһ飬ԬһԲţûʲô顣
³һֱѰԼӰȺмˣæǰ
³̫̫֮һɣôˣ
ҽ˵鿪þͺͺִ˵ˣаʱ䣬ɻã
źţͶɩЩ˵ˣǱأ
һжãпٺ˵󡣡
Ǳߣʦү˷֤үԬԬԴʲô˵𣿡
Ԭ΢΢һЦˣ˵ˣŲϡֻƾ֤˵֤ʣҲʵʵ֤ˣԩ
⡭
кȻʼͷӶ
ⲻ֤֤𣿡
Ԭ֤³Խҵ֤֤ѵҳԬû𣡡
³ԽǹٸץģըɽĴҲǹٸץģҵˣ
ԬЦָϵ𣿾˾ֻԼһʱ˺Ϳ£˵С⣬ҵͷϡˣҲ׬СǮ캦¿ûǧҪΪѽ
Ⱥֿʼߴߴ
ɡԩޡ
³ԽԬֻһ׮£Ҳڴ˶ԲãʮνͣƹҴȴôǲ¥˰̣ôɣһŮܺͲ¥ƹˣˣλ̹õı£ھͽйôһﶼһǲİ
³̫̫꣬Ⱥкһԣ
Ƿ׷壬ǣ³˵еԣ
Ԭɫ΢΢˱䣬ȴǲŲæ³Խ̹ûϵ쿪ãҪĲİ𣿴ˣһһ룡³ɵ黹δգˡҲܴ
ǲŶ

ǡ
ྲ
ð𽥶Ԭʱɫĵˣ̼ȻʲôԺŵڣȴҲȻĳļˣҲǿȥġ
ԬᵽˡʱԼ³ԽԬҲﴽ
ˣ³ʱ̤˽ȥ³̫̫һʱûס
³ɣںԺ٣
³о֮һ·˽ʿڶףҲܲϵá
ˣˣ½ҲΪԱԱҷܻߣ֮ǰԱ⵱ȴûлᣬҲԱ⣬ºʱ˳̼ҵ񣿡
¡³ɴûչ񰡣ֿʼͷӶ
Ԭ֮ɫҲ΢΢һ䣬ǿгɫⲻ³ô³ûںԺҲܵ⹫֮ˣĹɻľаף³Щ鷳ǣǨҲЩͷ۰ɣ
ԬԺ֮⣬˭룬䣬³ϬĿ
Ǩ㲻һССԱɣ֪йԱǨ֮£ô֪ģˣĪ˵ģ
һͷ󣬺ݺݵĿ۳ԬǳԬҲһ㶣֪˵©죬Щա
ϾͬΪ٣˵³Ʒײߣβֹ֪Ϊʶ²ԸˡԬǱߣҲͽӵϢ˽ӶǰΪѵҪ
˼ˣֻðղųԬ˵ǣտ֮ƺԽԽƫˣã֤֤֮У
䣬Ԭ³ͬˣ
˶һۣ³ȵˣǺǰнһ˳ƣãҼס
Ȼġ
ԬˣҲҪ˵Ļ⣬ĳҲռµ֤ݣ֪˺ʱп̸ҽյ֤ݵ潻ˡ
֤ݻҪ棬ǿЦ³Ȼ
Ԭбſһолҩ
⡭飬顣
ֻⳡ󣬸æ׼ƵԺȥ˭֪ڴʱſںȻ

˶⿴ȥֻһ׵佫ڡ
̫ӿͣ˼̽˰飡
̫ӣ
̫ӣû̫ӣ
ٴը˹ССһװȻᱻ̫ӵ⣬Ī˵գ³㡢ԬҲȫԭءæ첽ǰ̫ӿͣ
˴˻⣿ѵһα̫ӿͲɣ
¹ٲң¹ٽ¹ټ̳
һ̶ٵˣڳ˲ſعԬؿ³Ѿʮֵľˡ
³ɣ
ݡ仰֮뿪³㻹ûлعֱ³Խǰļ
ܡ
³˴˿Ҳ˹ɣôһ£ô̫ӵ¾Ȼʴ£
¸³ҴĳС׷ѯ³㡣³ȴҲɶͷԣҡҲ֪顭
Ī˵̫ӣٽƶɭϣںԺ꣬һƷټҲ޼Ҫ˵ΪԵɣֻǺֹٰ˵飿
³£ղ֪õѿҲ˹ɣЩȥֹ㣡
ѿĻ³عֻȺͼ˸³̫̫ЩȥǱϢһҪЩǰ
İɣһһʱ˴
³ߺ󣬿ֵİҲɢĲˣ³Խ³̫̫ȥ
ɰ˵Ǻ»Ǹ£
³ԽҲȻ̫ӵ£Ҿ϶ࡣ
˵ĶԡаѹɵȷҲ˺ܶ£ǾֻܻȥȣڴɣҲá
³Խ˵ͷ˵ǡ
صУ˵鰲࣬ô˵ڸûŵҲǡǳԬȨƣҲֻѹѹƽͷϰգĴٸǰ˵һ仰أ
һֱƻ裬ȫҲһͬ³Զֻϧӣ˵ˡ
ҵĸү
³̫̫նѾԽ񣬿˵ǲģӿڣ
ӣģ
һ³ԽȥţǸŮӣģʹȴͨ˼ңŮǰ΢΢һЦǶŮ̫֮ӽһˡ
סˣȫҲסˡ³ԽһӦǾ裬ʶĳŮһۣŮЦӵĿԺƬ̣ҲӦúܿᵽһ
ѿ
ǹŮ䣬ȻѿʹӲԶʻ˹
ɩѿϲס֣ɩҽǼҵ£Ϊ㣬תˡ
ң
ԣ㣡Ҳ粻ǽ˹˵ĴæҲȷɩλǶĶùãİɡ
ǹŮ΢΢һЦ³Żع
³̫̫Ƕϱѿѿȥʲô£
æã֪
ϳǰ³Խ³ԽһֱĿ뿪
ϣ̲סѿǺ£ѿߵɩֻ֪̫̫һλ֪˭𣿡
ҡͷ֪
֪ģ̫ǰ΢˽ã˽һݣȻ󡭡


92 
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㡢˵˭
ӣǸԼҵСѿȻҲܼ
ԣڲдˣڽ档
棿ૡ
ѿ, 벻, ǵ̫ӵԴ͵ɼ³谮
ﻹЩûӦ
ӵǱҾȥݲ, ֻô̫ӡ⡭
ѿԣɩ, ϢǸ벻Ķ԰ɣʵǰʱҾ˵̫ӵ´ݴһŮ, Ϊ谮, ܶŮ͢ڱ˲٣Ůӳƽʱ͵µһҪ, ּΪֻ̫γʵڲУʺӦ
ڹдķз, ˵ʲô汾ĶУ㲻֪ΪϢ, żһ죬ֻǲࡣЩŮ۵ʱ඼ζҲûзϡ
˳ˣ˵, 괺ӡŶԣݺ͵, 󱻴ؾġǽ
ɩⶼ㵱ԵʣȻҲ֪Ǵ֪Ǽҵ, ô͵, ɵֹҲżȻ̫ǰһΣֹٶҲΪʶͬʹĽɡ
˼ãʵҲһҪĻǶɺɣ磬ҲȷǱǳԬݺ̼ĿŰ裬ˣҲʲôö
ѿɩ˵ĶԣΣܹõĽȽ˵
áһ£ţƺ겻ʥϡ
ѿ򴽣ѹ˼̫Ӳʺ̫ʥϻδǻʱһλʱʥҲᣬ̫ǰʱҲꡭ
ˣ²ܣҲһ׮̸˶ʥϳ飬˼ߣȴ˳Ϊ̫ӣҲΪ̫ӵ³ͣʮܼõ˲ĳ
һ·̸ǰУţַĽУ㵽ΡĻʹǰ
һνŵǲܵģ⹬УΡĳǽƺޱȵƹĹǽŻͣ¡
⹬ǱȾĽжҪ
ѿ̫͹ǰ·Ӵ˴ʽĳα԰ŻҪһ·
ڣα԰ӡ·С̫ڴ˴ͣ£ˣλ롣
ѿлսԺУһŮӴһν㣡
͵ػͷͼһŮվ£õĳЦšŮ鶯ԼǴӣȴֲȫǣﾪˣѿҲ㶡
λѣѿæ񣬱Ϲһ𣺡ν㲻ض񡣡
λҹˣȥɡ
ˣԺкȻֻʣˣĿ
ǰˣտڣʶԼðˣæ죬˭ǰŮ΢΢һЦǴӣν㣬ؾнǰڻġ
ɡڱϾһˡѿѣҪǽ˵ɡ
ͷҲá
˽ݺ֣ʵľǴӣǲؾнνңͲˣν³ԽĶ飬츸ĸӵߵ̫ʼǷһл
ѿٴζһۣҲࣺ⼸ǡ
˵³Խ̴Ҳմ˽ĸ̴һλĹùãǿ¥ģڴ˵ҵ֮Һܶ࣬Ʒ裬˵ֻѧһЩգ֮ءѧ࣬ȻݣȥĲ¥ǹùҪ뿪ˣҾûһݡʱν㣬ŮӦҲԼհˣû뵽˵¡
˵ʱɫЩ죬ĳǶλ˵ãϸϸһۣЦĳĲ
ǡЦЦ
ҴСĶáʱҲôǱݵļ꣬Ȼ࣬ȴǺܿģڵ¶ҺչˣҸǸм
һӣһʮСںԲůһ֮ˡٺԼǣֱȥֵطǱȡһӶҲ
иԵ
⸣һΪ㡣ɫʮֵ֣ء
Ȳ˵ˣμΪ£лɡ
ѿҲæͷǣ˵˵⵽ôһ¡
ӣҲһӹеĸˣʵǰҲ֪飬˵ףҲΪ³

Ӱ⼸յľѿﶼһ飬κģҲ̾Ե֡
־ǣֹٴ̫ӵǰһ죬ǡڴǰ˵һ䡣
ǲ׽Ǹ֣һЩŵ֪³ε飬˺Щʱ򣬲˺̫Ҫľ
мллȴֻǾ֮ͣҡͷȫ˵Ҫ
Ǳ㵱㵱˰ɡ
ʹһЦȻԥƬ̣ʵγ̼״ɵ顭
֪˵ʲôӴסĻҶ˵ˡ
ʵҪ˵ûʲôоҲܣֻǸҶҶԣûʲôϵˣңûнҪš
ָо
ֺγǱأ
Ǿˡ֣νǱģ´ӦҲ࣬ΪǣԲŸҿ£Ҳ˵ֻΪ಻ƫ˽
Ǳ㹻ˣ
ѿͬ
ӱЦˣá
ʱţºܿҪˣҶǹ衣
ѿæǣй·˹֮ѿ̾޳ҽղʶˡʲôһ֦ͷ
￴һۣѿҲͬڿ
˶һ̶ۣЦ
紺˵˻֮٣ǣҲǱ˵Ůӳ
ԵӵеĶֵϧ֪㣬ĽκˣΪԣӵʮʱδһС
ѿֺγأ
-
ӹлص³ңｫԭԭĺŻж˵ˡ
˵Ǵӣ³̫̫ðζûлع

﻽˺ü꣬³̫̫һץס֣ȷ˺üΣõĶǿ϶Ĵ𸴺³̫̫ųһ
ⶼ
³ԽȻҲԾ³̫̫Ǻࡣȫ˴˿̶˳ĬȻڸп³̫̫֮̾ȻЦˣЦҡͷҴǰ˵ϱǼҵĸǣ⻰û
Ƕϱ˴ӣһ⣡³һ֪ôȹأ
ƫƫǵµ˻ǴɣɰѾȴӵǮˣֻأȻֻء
³ԽһۣȻҲ֮Щת³˵վǸ¡
һڶ˯˸ľ
ڶһ磬³ԽӵϢ³ҵİӣ³ɡ³ԽͳԬͬãе̲˾
³Խһۣдʱ˲ٵĵġ


93 
ϱ, ϿѼļˣһĸ͸ˣ
³̫̫ﺰһΤԺмѱ, Ļ, Ӧһ
⼸նڶ, ˳ְæ, ֻĲɵģһֱڳ⿴
ιٸþȻҪգǲڼҲܹңҲȥû, ټԺֻ³̫̫Τϣչӡ
̡ʲôʱܻСҲˣ͸ÿΧ̸ǰʶ
³̫̫γ, ֻǻչǣԺһһߵ, ҹ, ɡ
, Զʹʹź
³ҵ˻ˣ
ĺ, ³̫̫һӵеĶǣΤҲӳһͷ˳ȥȥ
³Խ³ͬʱѿ
ɣ³̫̫ĳǰȥ

, Ѿˣɼæǰס, ֪ʲô, Ҳֱ˵
³̫̫仰֮Ĳ͵˵ء
á, ˵
ΪϢ, ȫҲڳһ˿Ц⣬֮³̫̫ɣϸ˵˵ô£
³ԽȵѾˣ֤֤ڣĸ˾Ͷһ¡ɽ¡а˵飬ȫǳָ̼ʹġ
³㣺ˣ̼һ̰ͬۡ¸Ǳ߻иңҲȫ˳
³̫̫㵣̼ұҲˣ
³㣺̫ӵµУҲû뵽ֻǣ浽йԱ¹ûô죬Ǹ̼˵Ѿȫˡ
ģզˣ³̫̫̲סЦˡ
³ԽҲ˿Ц⣺Ҳûʲô̱ڵˡΪβ鲻һ£̼Щ꣬ϵں̹ĺǮʤвԱУ˵ľɡ
ðð³̫̫Ĵȣ˾˾ĸأ
æһŴ֮ͻȥˣ˵
ֻأӦˬõĺܣ
³̫̫ˬЦΣ
³Խ̼ҸĸҪ⳥ɽǱߣڳ͢Ҫأ⳥޹أܵǨܵκӰ죬ڴ硭
³ԽһֱŵΤϣĻԼҲеεģǴ϶֮ǰܶ࣬ǻؼҵϢ
³̫̫ҲΤϣ̾û취ԼܹҪϵģôɼǼǽѵҲáϱҲҪ
Τ۾Ǻģ˿̲˲᣺ֻǣүû˵׻ãûһŵʱ䣿
³㣺ҹƣܰɡ
ꣿ
Τ˵еĸܣ³̫̫һԤĻЩôϸһģʡ
ҷģ
ȫ˶֪˵Ҳû˵ʲôݵĳĬ֮󣬼СӵĶӹһ죬Żع
ˣȳԷɣ
ȫ˶عŻعȥݰɣ
³̫̫Ҫ˵Ժſھʹͳȥˣˣ
ȫȥͿԲݵĻЦˡ
ҲϢƹͶȥȥ
ǣ³̵ĻҲˣЦţŶͬԣæϲ
³̫̫ˣãǽ³ҾʹɨѻȫߣȻһһһ٣
ãû⣡
ȫ˶ʼæ˵굽˳Ҳ˹ȥ
ɩӣҴ˷ݵļֻոڲǱ˼㣬˰ɣ
Щû³ˣĺãǸˣͷɶ罷ģβͺ
ԲݵƲˣǰʱƳܵʳ͵һºʵ㻮ͷβӣͬȸһ㣬ֱʵĺɫ飬ƺϹȥ޵ģ״ҲÿԽк
Цˣã
ЦŵãԼӣ룬˿Աߵľ⣬ɴһѺС
飬ͺܲϾгСĴָĺȣƬһжϣм䲻ϣõϣһۺ͵Һ¹ȥըν֮ѺС
˻һ֣ҲԼĥġЦڳģͦȡһͷ
ըõѺв壬ΪﻹԼ׽θԢֺãȷʺϽӳԡ
ԺҲȻĸţЦԺ䣬ɨȥʮյ
һ³ԽͰѼҲصĴԲᵽԺͷãԺԷ˾ƣ³Ҳѵõĺ˺ü
£Ҫһ¶ɩ³Ȼٱ
ȻҲж磬ûǣ½ƾҲôн
³̫̫ԣϱ˺ܴãҲҪллϱ
ҡΤҲȻЩŤҲʵ
￴³ԽԲ˼Ҳ˾ƱʵʲôҲûֻǵһЩԵɺϣ±ҵ΢΢ȫЭʵҪ
ɩ˵ĺãһЦ˵꣬ҾͶЦˡ
ԣǴһһ㷭ƪˣҲˡ
ã
ȫ˾ٱԺֵĳһ緹

ɫڣҲæµĲˣﰾͰˮ׼ԡʱãȥȥùˡ
³ԽϵƤҲǿʼָӳ߳ȥȻһ󻩻ˮ
߽Ϳ³Խڵ
ˮǰһͰһ㶣ˮϴ裿
³Խ͵ػͷӦȵĲ˲ӣûУˮ
ˮˮǰ־Ͱ̽̽ѣġ
³ԽЩ죬ϵëõĵסԼһ̫ˣ𤡣
Ϊ˿ڸȾÿԡϴ裬ȣ⼸ճ˺ܲѡ
ĥһԡͰϴҸˮ
³ԽܳҲԡͰ
Цŵ𣿲ˡ
³ԽѪҺȻȻֻеͷķݶԡͰһĻ䣬³Խһ飬ܾˡ
ա
ȻԼֻûɴ
ԡͰȵˮ³Խ̾һԡͰָģľͷζ϶ص³ԽѪҺ³壬ŬתߣźȻֿˡ
ˮ
һСͰˮӵ㣬Сú«ưҨһưԡͰԵȥ̵̫Ļ˵Ŷ
³Խˮֻ̣ǾûȣȻ̲סץסЩƣһϴ
һ죬ֳ˻ѽ㻹š
Һˡ³Խȡ
СҲţǼֵһĸԡͰˮ
ˡһҪˮϴ
˵꣬æˣ³ԽץûץסֻεЦЦ
ȫԡ꣬һҲæµڿϣȴûǸ˼
³Խ˵ȷδȫֻǿɲ˿ǿʼ裬ϸϸͿҩܾùȥİƺǴһ
ɣ˵Ľ𣿡ʱ㱣̲סʵ
³Խ§УƵĶͷˣġ
̼Ҳκвˡ
أĻҪΣ
³ԽҲ֪ãܹҪġ
Ĭ˺һŵϣܺúõİɡ
šɽǱߣ͢⼸վͻڣʱ֣ӻǱߡ
Ҳ˵ͷǸ飬û׾ˡǼڷҲȱ
ףҲðա
Ļֳ³Խѣ֪ɶá
-
ֹգеһ
ԬȻҲҪܵ飬±³޹ˣϢǴġΪԬڸѹİտɲֹ³һң׬ĺǮȻҲʤ
ΪԼҺɣҪѺ£ڼ̽ûմ󲿷ֵĲƲ󲿷ֵ⳥ɳԬҲǲеˡ
Τ˿ֻҪû¾ͺá
˳ʹѾ׷
ʲô¶ʣɶˣΪɶҪΣ
Τϲ֪ô˵³̫̫Ů˹ȥǵǲ̤ʵأ˳ʹѾǧҪסԺʲô̤̤ʵʵס֣ǵһλ𣿡
ֻ¶ĵͷˣ̡

ʮµס
һѩ
Ķƺ䣬ûʲôˣҴҵ˺͸·˽Ųɿ죬쵽Բ½½˺Щʳ͡ŵһ£ǳſڸɾӣĴϵѩ
ǽ궬죬ʳṩķ㣬һţӺˮȡſڵİϷһС¯һˮԱиɾĴ롣ǲųԷ·˴ҲЪϢһˮ⺮ĶԲݵһˮ֪ů˶˵ĳθҲůǵġ
𱬣ʳͽϵѩĴɾ˸λֵ磬˼࣬ܵһʱ䲶׽ʳͣǰЦʣ͹ɶ
±ţ⣡һƾƣһţ棡룡
Ժ󣡡
ߺǱ߾Ӧˡ
ʳһǼõģԲݵţҲǿڶഫƣҶëϸո˵ĿζͬĿȣţһֱ΢УһͷţҲ񫣬ţܲɵӣһܾݴϲʺͣյ緹һڵţ¶ǣö֫ٺܵů⡣
Ժհ椺͸ѩӳ߳հ

ѩˣܵȥϴ֣һˡ
հǽôͻȥ
￴ɫԣ¡
հԹԵȥˣ߽ɩӣǴӶ԰ɣ
ԡ
ǰͷˣ˺üζ˵治˴ĵط
ûȥҲóɱ˰࣬ǳӣȥˣӦ·ˡ
³Խܿ͵˷ݣӺͶŮһڳˡ
³ԽͷҲѩȥɻ˳죿
˳³ԽֿЦˣ͹̸ˣǱߵҲ̸ˣó⣡
̫ˡҲĵЦˣǰˣܰǱߵ̸ûˡá
³Խ˼ȫͶϣ֮³Խ㿪ʼ͹̸ǾϵţţţһⶼصԲݵţҲǴǱ߽ģ³ԽƷǿϹҲǿǿ֣׬Ǯġ
һ˻ĳżߣ³СԺſѾһͣסˣ³Խһˣ
æ죬հ椸³󲮻ˣ
Ժڣ³³ɵȷȵһ³Խȥʱһɹǰ£Ȼ
࣬˿ȥҲ㲲ȫ˸
ӲТ
ɿޣΤҲһ߿ޡ˳ʹѾҲſޣ³̫̫۾΢죬ˣɣ˿ʲôӡ
ǰգԺˣΤվڴ߷ɡ˵
ʱûģѾĿĺϺǳĥˣ³ѾǮ³״̬ҲԻǳ˲ٵĿͷ
磬ݰɡ³³ԽȰ³ʱ̵ݡ
³̫̫ԼӣҲֹס̾ȳԷһ˷˵
ΤϽһ춼ڼ׼Ȼǰ緹ˡ
˲һв⣬ɽӷ硣
³һŲһŰͷ̲ס
ȫڷҲʮֵĳĬ³̲ס磬ؼˣȥˡ
³Ҳ̲סˣ˿ӣܡܣҪûңҿôҲˡҡ粻ְҸǹˣ
³˵žҪ¹³Խߣһַס磡
³Ҳһʲô򲻿ɣ
³ɱ³̫̫Ҳ̲סˣɣлڱϵģܵȷǣ˲٣֮󣬸Ϊ㶫ܣãҲ˲ȻϱҪŮûһ˲ǣҲĵġ
˵Ķԡ³ɲ˰ѱ᣺˵ٶҲﲻҵĸмӲТˡ
³̫̫ǰ˵Ҫܹ˵γԺǸɶ㣬ȫ˶ڣ˵˵
³ɿΤϣ˲᣺ׯҪˣԺͻֵַҸСȥͷʼҲøԶˣһ㣬Ҫܺ͵ѧϰ
³̫̫ΤϣϱҲô룿
ΤæǵҺʹһ𡣡
³̫̫ãǼǺýĻУԷɣȥˡ
ȫڳһѩɣҹĻ٣³̫̫ɣҪȥ
ЦˣЪ£һء
ˣͬǰҪСģЪȥɣɩľͰʰˡ

ظң³ٴ̤ԼϤİСԺ̲סԼСңһ˫ŮȻоԶԣڴѾ˳ȿں
³ɸæͷӦ¡
ΤϿɫɣȽݰɣл˵
³ǣһ˫Ů֣ٴ߽Լܡ


94 
µļһֵ, Ƿ׷Ϊæµ͵ũҲϣһܹԼҵĺöü۸Լһࡣ
Ÿ̯ʤ, îʱʼ, ˷ԭȵĲиӳ˺ü·Ӿһ·ǵߣָܿĺö
ΤҲϽ, ɼһǷ֮һҹ˴ǰϽ˼ʮǮ, þϸŹ
⼦զ
ġ
Τĥһ£׼Ǯ, ѾԱߵļ̡ũ, һװŰһߣۻɫСߴߴĽУһֻֻŷཱུġ
Τϣզˣ⼦ã
ũЦˣҼ⼦̫, ĹӴĸƵµ, ҼҶɼˡ
ΤϾˣզģû˼Ҽֻĸһһֱһأûжģô, ιɶ
ũЩԥΤ⼦Ҫˣٸʮֻ̣
ũЦҲûʲôɣʱɽϲ֪׽, , ڼʳƽʱ, ʲô, Ҳץιιˣ
ллΤЦˡˬǮũСװʮֻ̣ѾϲĲˣ־ͱ˹
ұǰɣ
УС
Ѿ˷ܼˣΤҲԼĿģĸŮڲϹ˹䣬Щʵ߲˹ϹȻͻȥˡ
·ԲݵʱΤϳڿһۣԲæµʱ򣬱˵ˣⶼˡζļãŶӵģҪվȥ
Ѿһﷹݵôĺá
ΤϵͷǣؼˣǱæҪͱȥˡ
Ѿͷż̻ؼȥˡҪЩչ˺ã棬ȵܵɢѧ֮Ҳܵǿ
ԲݵȷæµΪ£˸ӡڷ֧˸̯һľʮˣʦģûʲôʱҲûʲôǮģʮͭܳһв˵ķһݷѡһʱ֮䣬ָԲ˲
ǲģѡ˸ʵ
ɤ𣺡ȻģһۣԲݰǿһһ꣬׸ıأүģ˶˵ģ
㻰䣬һѷӵ
Ҫһݣ
Ҫݣˡ
Ҳһݣ
𼱱𼱣ŶӰУһһݣͭӵҸҴ򷹣
ߺȣʦڳˡʦһۣ̲סƹӹȻ󷽣ʮһݵķҲͿһܳԵģǱǮҲġ
Цˣûʲôһ꣬㿿׬ǮǶʮˣʮǾ͹ţ⼸죿
ʦЦЦǣĳԶⲻôʳֻһʮģҲвԸġ
Цʦţҵȡȡ
ʦЦ
-
³Խؼҵʱ򣬼ֻӶԺ棬ѾѾŸƤˣӣ³̫̫⼸ɱ˲ټ⼦ëպëӣ̫̫Ҳ֪ǴѧģȻħһʱʮʮ˵ҪϽȥȥ
³ԽһϴϴһЦ⼦ëһҲһǮ
ҲǮˣ
ҲЦ˹³Խ˿ǣˮպˣֱȥ衣
³Խһֱɱ⣬ϵȷЩܡ˵ͷȥ˾ҡ
ߵʼ׼û뵽һȥŵĹͷѾˣֱҨܳԡ
³̫̫ˣŶɩģ˵æ˳ˡ
ù˷ĹͷԵǸպãԹͷе壬ߵ˼Сײˣ׼
³Խϴ֮ȫҲˡɲڣ³̫̫ѾͶסһ𡣷ʱ³Ҳˣ·ʱ˶٣ȻصԼҡ
ˣϴֳԷ
ΤϸԼҲ˵ǹͷֻûڻ֮ǰ͵ݲˣ³ǰ£Ѿ˳
ôΤʡ
³ɣ˿ׯⶼһǧɣڳ͢ȱĻʳǼĵӦûкüĶ꿪ͳһʼ֡
Τϵ˵ͷֵҲûʲôõģ̤ʵ
³һĿע⵽ԺЩߴߴС̡
ļ̣
ΤϼʣɫҲЩ˼򼦵ʱˣǸļܲ˵ǷļˡҾʮֻ
Ŷ³ɣ֮ǰ˵
Τ϶˶٣˼˵ģû뵽㻹ǵá
ͦãʲôȥɣۼҵļͦõġ
Τɫ¶һ˿ϲãģľУ
ΪɶУȥ԰ɣʮֻ̣Ҳûɶɱ
Τϳ׸ˣãԣ
á

ߣҲЪˡ
³ԽҲѾˡ
Щ˯
һ¶ʮˣǱ߻Ҫȥ𣿡
³ԽȥˡˣͳķֺҲˣǱߺһ¶ʮš
﷭˸ʵ꣬Ѵǽ
³Խ룺ţӦǡ겻˳ȫҽꡣ
췹Ǵɩģ֪𣿡
³Խҡͷ֪
ԥһ£Ҳû뵽ɩ⼸仯ͦģǰȻóĬԣܾҪ
δ֮󣬵ú֮ǰһˣ˵һֲȫһ˵
³Խ˵ʲô§§ˣ˳ȻǣǼҹԼУţ
ЦˣҲ뷨³Խѣ³ԽĻһůĻ¯ҪտҲʮֵů³Խ˳ƽСѾůڻ

תۣǳϦĳϦ겢ͬ͢ڱ߾̣³ҵΪ³ԽС˳ѩԺ˺ĻѩֻСܲͷһͿʼߴߴˣѩˣҪѩˣ
ǸвģһͺҪѩˣߥҲҪ
˳ëޣľͿʼѩ̣Ūһްʪġ
ΤϾɨѴ򣺡³˳һްˣȻŲҴ㣡
³˳ܵı˭죬һͷ˶Ժ屳
³ԽںǴɽһĴڣΤģãܺҽҪƨɴ򿪻
³ԽЦЦһ־Ͱ˳ץ˹ҪˣȻһð
˳ǲѣ˵ˣҪѣ˾ûˣ
³Խ˵µģ㣬С
ģ˳һ⻰ˡѣˣ˵ͿʼŦۣΤһˣӣȥѣһҪð
ԺΪЩܺӶ˲ٵĻЦ³̫̫ڸæ׼극ҲЦǺǵġ
ɿ˰ɣ
ڳͷӦãȥʱġ
ãѩûͷӣԲȥҲ徻ڼŮͦãʹϱڶǶŮ˫ȫΨ
֪˵ʲô½Եⲻ˵ѿѿСż
ǲżŶˣְȥ˴լӣԵÿտĺܡ
³̫̫˵ǽµ飬̼Ǽȥ֮󣬻Ҳע⵽£̫ӿٴ³㣬ټ³̸һҲ̸֪Щʲôǣ³һжõ飬˷֮󣬾һԾϣ˺Ժޱࡣ
˵ССޱҲ˲𣬵ڵڶһլԺ£Ӱ˶Уһʱ֮䣬³լԺͥУ˶ŰݷãҲ״͵լԺ˲Ϣ³㿼ȡʿ֮ʱ±㱻һۿУֻᣬ⼸ӿĥ
Щеټ٣³̫̫һʱֱ治ˣֻŽɻʸ
³ǱߣϵʱвͬŰݷãڵ˿գҴұ׼ؼҡ
ѿڵˣ³ӣǸҲ֪ˣϵرĶ࣬ż˰ɣ϶Ҳżˡ
ѿЦûȼ겻һˣȻݷõ˶һЩǿ߰ɣҸﶼ
ˡ
鷳ѿѿˡ
³լһ·һ·ϣС·ϴѩ̵ģģЦѿĶƿ⿴ȥͯһˣĳʮ֡
Ҫǻص˼Уһ̶ֻ϶ּˡ
³Ƶ񣬱Ҳ̽ͷȥ˿ѿһֱЩСϣ³γ֪е֢ᣬֹȥסġ
żҲû߹㣬𣿡
ѿɬЦЦûңΪ㡣һˣеֳֻһ꣬ÿôȥôܲż
³㣺ΪҲòΪҲգҲһҲ˵£Ͳ˵ʲôˡ
ѿЦá
ɣҪǻ򿴿
³룬ԸĻҲԣ˵λ̫ҽƺֻҴǰٽԵֵ֮ͣұȥһ̫ҽԺɺã
ѿ˵ͷãɵġ

ʱѿ³һͬ³ҡ
ټһӣٴηںԭԺжѩ˵ļС֮̿ȫ˹
³̫̫ڲԶЦŵѽϱÿλôණʲôȺӾ׼ˣһҪ
ûҲ˼ǮѿЦŰѶǷˣԼߵ˳ʼæ
ˡЦ
ѿæɩ۵úܣ⽻ңȥЪŰɡ
ǡҰߡԭǸһֱǰվţը⣬ӶҪεЬˡ
ըѾˣҿס
ѿˣЦŰѸһСȥ
Ҫ⣡⣡쳣İҪų⡣ѿߺǣȥǡ
ǡ
˾
⣬Ҳǡ
ˣԹԵܹȥˣ˿ѿҲ»ص˳æһ׼ҹ
ɩһжðɡ
ءأˣæɡ
ѿЦǣȷæһЩҲãǷ߸ˡ
Цǲһˣҿ֮еء
ѿʲôģҲֻҪ˳˳ľͺá

³ԽһֱԺźǶѩˣľͷߣǶַˣѿӴӳ⿴ȥʵҾöͶɩҲܺãĽĺܡ
ɶ̲סЦѿѿɱɩǹٷˣ˵ھǲ˵ͨӣʲôĽġ
ѿɩôô˵Ͷһ߹߰꣬ĲġҶܸƢֺãԺҲôġ
Ҳ⿴
һۣ³ԽճһţԼҵĺӻǴǱߵģûвϲģ³Խѵõźǣӱ࿪ˡ
ǡﴽǲԾ
Ƕɵŵ㣬˵һۿɣΪĮദֻ߽˽˲֪ϣǶ˵Ʒʡ
˿˿ģջ߼æе¡
磬ȫںԺһ³Ȼɽǵڡ
ɫǵļſڶ½½˱ʱˡ
³ҵĴԲͻˣ³Խ±һתĴԲ㣬ת˶ԵԵĲˡ
һˣѾ߹߰˸ܹǲͬġ³˵һ֮֮ʣеһж˹ȥµһ꣬еһб¿ʼ塭


95 
һ֮ڴ
ԹũǱ㶼, ڸոսãҼһũǱ㶼ͷǣţµؿʼˡ
һ, ³ɵӰ³﹡֮С
һԲ, ͷɡĲٴȴڽͷӶ۷׷ס
³Щ˵ֻͷɣû, ³ԽҲˡߵļ򣺡硣
ܡ³̧ͷһ֣֮˲, ĺܣһ֮Щ
Щɰ, 괺, ż³ԽȰ
³ɣǺü겻ˣ壬Ǵǰܰ, զͺ֮ǰûأ
³ԽЦ, ҲߵԼ￪ʼɻ˵Цˣզûб䡣
ûС, еãԽԽᡣ
³Խһ˿飬뵽㡣³һţЦŵ٩, ֵһʼɻ
, ôģֵҲûôƽľ˵, Щ, ɳææһ쵽ҲһӰ
³ɣšɩԿҿ϶氡ҪңȰѵϣеĻ׼ȥЩɢȸŰɣȻѰš
³ԽĬһͦáķݣͲĹӦˣɩҲһ棬ǿԡ
³ɲͷȥģ
ġ³ԽͣھûдģΪҲӣܾüҼһмЩũҲԸ⻨Ҽļ۸ȶ˹Ӧģľ¥еطļ۸һġ󱡡
³ɿʼ˼ܵܵĻ󱡡˲ԸҲġܣҪľУҺɩԡ
ԣûʲôɱڶ̣ˡ
³ɸеһ˿ܣĲ㡭ʲôܳɣôô۵Ļ㶼ܼ֣㡣
³ԽҲûʲôڶˣԼҪɵĲࡣ
ˣ̱ͳ͢ȥ˵ģ
š
³Խͣǿɽ£ŻˣҲùΣգɽȻ͢עˣ̱ǳ飬ҵʱһ㣬㵽ʱսƵӦòΪҡ
³ɽˣ˵˵ȥǶΪҰжŮнޣȷûʲôȼҸҪ
³ԽĿһۣҲǡ
³ɿЦһ˵ˣɻɣһͷ˾͸ˡ
³ԽҲʼյʱҰĵһӳҰϾӨ¶ܿ챻ɢȥָ˴յģ¢ϵҰһ£һ£ʢ³ɸɵĺ𾢣̤̤ʵʵҪԼҵ⼸Ķȫꡣ
УѾ˿һѼǰ̶ȱʱһ㣬ۻɫģë׵ģѾһֻ־˴Ѿи椣üֱë׵Ķûһֿȿֺ
ڿţֲһֱԥԥġ
ѽġѾСһֻãڽĹ֣˹
Сһ˲䣬۾Ȼ
㣡
ѾϲҲֿЦˣкǱʾЩСûȤ ݵĶնճȥ档
ΤԺɹѣʱʱĿһ漦̵СŮޣ׼ôүȥŪҶι̣Ȼ˲Զһ
ѽɣ³Ұɣ
Զи˴һһŮ⸽˱ָһָָľΤߣ֮ǰİѰŵĿ־ֳˣΤһʶľ˾֮ġ
˭Τϵá
Ǹ˿ȥҲǸũģһʮֲҺɫӣǱһҿȥмɫģŻеϤΤһʱ벻иˣЩü۵ģΤϵĵһӡˡ
³Ұɣ³ҶӣǸҲһֱ´ΤϣΤһ㶣ġ
ҡͷǣҵøɶ
Ǹһá֣ת˸䣺³ҴӰ
ΤϲԸĵͷǸЦˣ³ϱѿ
ѿΤˣѿѿ
ǸһԶԶԣѿѿ
ѿΤ֪ģ´˸˺üۣʲôˣ³³Ҳе𣿡
ǸҲһ٣ĸճ£ģѿĸ׵ģ
ĸΤϸǾˡ
֮ǰû˵ʲôĸ
ϻͷһŶǰŮкңǰӣŽᣡ
ΤεŶһɶ
ϿΤϵԺӣȻ³ûˣԺӵɻڵģִٵЦЦֶŮܽðȿˮǴݸ·һˣԲҲȲģòѰǼңǡ
һһǣΤһΪּ̣͢ǱߺּģȷвǱߵˣҲģΤ룬ȳŴѾѾȥ˵һ˵ˣ

Τζǵɣ

ԺʯΤϾˣǲԸģΪ⼸ϵζʵǲţɲЩĿ
Τϵȷ˺ˮǼǿʻˣ̻ʵģΤһֱվһĬĬ۲졣
ҪõĸӦúѿֻǿݵĺʹ°ƵģͺʮĲࡣΤϷеľǸʲôŽᣬһԺӾü۵ĵΤϺݺݵĵüۡ
ˮˣ³̫̫ˡ
һǳϱ㳯һۣŮֱ֮׼۾һת³˶ԷݣЦŵ׼ĸɣ
³̫̫һ㶣׼ĸ
ҿɲ׼ĸ
ϣ㣬ӵ׼ĸɲǰģѿǼ޸Ӷ԰ɣߵ磬Ȼãá
³̫̫úЦˣѿѿĸ
ԶԶԣճ£ӽг¾꣬Ǽ޵ңѿ
ʲôΪ֤𣿡³̫̫һҪԷһΤҲһ԰ô˵Ǿˣû˭֪ǲݵġ
⡢Ҫɶﰡѿйһ۲֪ˣĸϵð
³̫̫ЦˣǾ֪ѿѿʮʱĸ׾ȥˣ޵ԶɣҲöû˰ɣҲȫǵ㳤ʲôӡ
ˣԼŮһۣҺȻһǸ𣿡
ϻȻ򣺡ԶԶԣȻԼİȥͳһƷ಻ܺõʯǰѿһһģѿӦеİɣ
³̫̫ӹһۣƺڻ䡣ΤҲ߹ȥ˳ӡǼѿѵģ
³̫̫ЦЦ˹ȥϼҴڵΪˣ
ʵˣǳһ̲סɩӰ˵̫ˣ˽ʱˣⶬ˼ģӹĿడһµ·ҲûԼڣ㿴
Τ뷭ˡ
ʣҪˮȡ
ʣҪԡ
ã͵úóԺúȵȸϣȻſ˵¡
³̫̫Τϣϱȥá
ΤЦӦãתЦûˣߵѰ˺ðѰǰӵıѾӲ˹Ҩһ̲ˣ˳ȥˡ


96 Ʒ
ǱԭΤ׼˵, ӲĶҧҲĥ˼ңҪѹ, Ǳ߱˵ˣһϸ, Ҳ⣬Τ϶ȥ󻹲˼ĵ˾䣺ż, ֻдˣְ
æֵ᲻ᡣ
ɵҧһʱɫʮ־ˡ
ǳϻܳס, һҧһĬĬĹˮԱߵ, ȴѾʼüˡ
ôˣǲ̫ӲˣΤϹȵ
ѽ, ңǹȻӲ㣬Ƿ㣬ٸˮ
εЦЦزءӻĹ, ʳǱ߿Ҳġ
ΤЦǷҲǣȵ氡, ˵, ˵
Ϸ˱, ڿ˵ˣɩɩѿأܲҼ 
³̫̫Ц㻹û˵ʲôأ
һ㶣һߵŽڿȥ˵Ǻô, ԶĹ, ҪİɣסҲҪһ°
³̫̫ɫһ, Τ̲סˡ
֪ɶ𣿼㣬еҲȵԼＸ
ŽҲˣǵ˸̫̫ǵʱ򣬻ҼҾȼأҪ֪ͼаɣ
Τϻ˵ʲô³̫̫ˣϱ˵ˣ
ΤŲ鲻Ըı졣
³̫̫ǵ˼ˣ³ҲǲˣֻѿСأȷҴϱסԺӣأڸڵĸںͶһסмԺ䱾ҵģǲĻס£ڼѿ
³̫̫û˵꣬ǳϱֿ˻УǾס⣡
³̫̫
Τϣ
УЪŰɡ³̫̫Ը˵ֱ׼ߣǰζĿΤϣϱúдš
Τһ㶣漴׹İס
ϴŶŮϲصĽ˸Ժӣһȥ̾ѽѽԺӿⷿ޵ģˣ
ţ⿻ӡ
³̫̫ԺҲкЩûסˣֻ³˰ɾżɨæҲױȲϾסģΤﴽֱɨĨ
ѽ治˼Ҫȥͷӡ鷳Լɨ£
ϿһۣҲֿЦСС£ȥæɡ
ΤЦЦתˡ
ߺŽһʲôˣǵ⾢ǸҪ⿴ɫ
ҲǰҿһӺǺܻӭǡ
ϵһ۵ǶʲôҲǸ޽ģ·϶ˣ³ӻǺʶʲô۹ҪųԶЩ˼ԺӣиڵԺӺӣɶʱס
ӣѿ·ǶǺӣ
ҲסһӰ
Ϳȼѿ³ɣûǵĺã³Ҳͷˣ뿴ɶӣ
Ž۾ˣ֪ǵٵģҺͽùϵǲҲܵ٣
Цˣҵɵӣܲܵﲻ֪֪㲻ȥҸˡ
Ͽңҵɫһ죬ĬĬĵͷ

³̫̫ȥ֮󣬼С̶̲סʣ̣˭ѽΪʲôҪסǼң
³̫̫򼸸ӣЦܣҵݡ̿ɸǣȥǶ˵֪𣿡
Ϊʲôѽ
ΪʲôΪǺã˽̻
СƶǶĵ˵ͷסˡ
-
ѿӵϢʱѾƻˣ³ںԺ飬ѿҴҵĹϻҡ
·ϣ³Խ
ﻹͦȣѿѿôʱˣ
ѿɩҼǲˣ
³ԽһۣȻ֪£ѿǴɩ˴ţ˵ҲæϹˡ
𼱣ȥզ¡
ѿһߣʣ֪ɶ㲻˵û𣿡
ѿ¶ɫҵûˣи㣬޳ȥöҲûɩ˴˵ĸֻˡ
զʡ
ѿɩûϵˣҲֻ֪֪²϶Ŀġ
̸䣬Ѿ³Ժſڡһȥһİ
ѽݲզóأ
˱ˣû˸ҵ㣡
ѿһۣСȻأһ
ѿͷƿԺ˽ȥ
Ժ̻ʵ˼һ㶣ѿҲ֪ǺõվڵȷӦеĿһӾͳǰѿѿѿɣ
ѿǡĸ
ֿЦԶԶԣңѽѿѿ㣬ʲôӴ
һѿ̲ס˵ֶģһһѿ䲻Ȼİֳ˻ĸôˡλ
ŽͺҸղŴѿʱҲˣǺңһľѿϿ˵ѿǰҲǿӳЩȻǱȺҿȥһءأƤҲˮϸ塣
æܵŽᣬúң
Цźѿ˸кѿҲͷܣá
ϣ£ĸúÿ㣬ҵѿѿӴĸǺЩûˡ
ϵķ·δĳʮ۰֣ѿȴʮֹ죬Ц
㲻˵ˣɳϷ˺ð졣
ĸ
ѿڳ˵˺ð֮ųڴңǡ
ѿѿһ˵⣬Ϳʼˣǲ֪ЩĸĶּ࣡ģҴúͱһ·ѹģһ·ϳԲůģûһ󲡣
ѿѿ㿴ڳ˹̫̫ӹһһˣǧҪǹĸ
ѿѾˣԼҲ࣬̾˿ĸʵҲûйıǺúܶɣд̣ԽĸȻˣȻӶɣʮᣬĸȥãЩǮҲӣˡ
һ㶣Ҫڣѿͼ˵ȥֻģ˵еѾȥˣҡǱҲ´ѩѩ׷زּˡһǲеĻʱĸһҲյġҲͲشԶˡ
ѿһˡ
СѾͷҲűˡ
ŽͺҲˣҺȻڵ㡭ԶĹһˣһھ͸Ǯǣ񲻴ðɡ
ѿȵĿãô˵أղĸ˵ѣѲҪǮǮһ·ǿסվˣڸ·ԲҲůأ
ѿĻúԶԣһתһץסѿ֣ѿѿĸ治ЩǮĵûˣûˣĸҪǮֻиҡѿѿĸʲôûˣҡ
ԴѿԺţΤϾһֱڸţԽԽЦɿֹһ˵ﲢǽǸϿߵʵ̫󣬲Ҳļ
ΤЦЦָǱСѿھء
ҲˣĬƬ̣ǲֹ
Τϣţ
ȻǱѿڵĸھң˵ʵסŵķӣŵķӿ϶ܳסĶ԰ɣʵҪôҲУǰʮ£ȻʮҲھһСˣֻǵؾð첻ˣҿŽᡭӦҲǸ׬ǮģһЭİӸãҲбͷġ
Ž㶣üͷ׬ǮĻѰɶ°
ѿۣˣܼȱģ컹˵ͷһ˷أҪȥĻܱ
ɶ˷򣿸˼ģ
ѿţզŽܣ㲻Ⱑ
Žỹ˵ʲôסˣԸ⣡զܲԸѽѿѿĸ̫ˣ˵ǰԲզܲԸȥɻʮҾˣȻȥѰٷӣҲ֪ڷѰٵ֮ǰأҲûطȥ㿴ܲܺ˵һס찡ͼ졣
ѿûǱ³̫̫֪ʱҲߵԺǽǰŵģΤϺˣһ

ꡣ³̫̫ʾ
С㣬ΤЦˣһǽΤϵӦ𣿡
³̫̫ѿѿզ˵
ѿǱߣʮΪѣ⡭԰ɣʵĸ˵ˣϢҲˣЪţðɣ
ӡ
ɫ˱䣬ܿ컹ǻָ˹ѿѿѽѽ㿴ã⾩ôԺϣﻹլӣиٵķǲһ
Ŀѿ۾ҪˣѿЦЦĸ˵ЦˣԺӣ硢硢ģûеѽǻסڸɩҵģҲլӾ͸˵Цˣܼģ˶ġ
ƤЦⲻЦǰǰɣҽȥ
ѿЦЦ˵ɣĸЩЪš
úúá
߳ˣѿһһ̧ͷͿԶŮ˶ѿ˼˹ȥ
˵
ѿݣŷſ˵ˣ
ˣϱ˵ĺܺá
ѿ˿
ΤϣãҲͦ
ѿɩȤˣҶˣԼ˵ʲô
ûʲôµģ֮ĿĲǶ𡣡
ԣϱ˵Ķԣҿ⼸컹ߡ
ѿĿ¶Ǹ⣺Ҫɩɩ鷳ˡ
Τϴ˿Ц鷳鷳ѽǺþûˣںȻˣһͦģԸоģѿѿ͵ưɡ
³̫̫ҲЦˣҾΪǮ¡ǷӿҲǿţסȥʲô
ҾͺǻҪҪȲߡ
ΤϺ³̫̫һۣЦˣͲˣȥɣٲ߾ˡ
ѿ˵ͷã˰
·Щ
ѿߺ³̫̫ϵЦЩˣ̽˾䣺ڵıģ
ţɡ
ΤϣС£ɶ°ˣסĽ͵Űɣһܰʰķڷ
Τʮڴӣɴۡ

ԺǱߣ³ҵʱѿҲո³³լſһ³ʮֵľȡ
ѿѿ
ѿ˵ͷɣ˵ɡ
ѿһʼû³㣬ǽݺѽյ¸³˵ˣ³һʼ˵ѿ֮ͦĵģԽԽô¶ɫҲˣѿѿ㲻ϲǰ
ѿۣϲΪʲôҪϲǣ
Ϊҡ
𣿡ѿֻСʱһĸﲡصʱдȥݣǮʲôҲûȵһֱˣҵˤȣһʵڻȥˣȥ󣬲˶ʮġɣ֪ʮܸʲôֻһϯһ˵֡
ѿ˵Щʱƽ³ס֡
ҵҲˣҺΪЩ꣬ûʲôϹš㣬ٺҲʱţֻǴݶѣɣʲôܸ㣬ٲ㣬ҡ
ѿԽ˵ԽȻ͵ر³ӵ˻С
ˣЩˡ
㲻ϲ˾ˣ޷ΪҪǮ
ûµģţ
ѿ۽ǻһᣬ³㻳пã˹


97 ס
˷š
ŽͺҲ̲סıԹ
, 㻹˵ʲôѿ۸Ƣ㿴ڣӲҪ̫Ŷ
, ˵ȥ˷򡭡˭ҪǸֿ۵ĻŽἫԸŤͷһ
䰡˵ôҲû¯
Ҳ˸磺˵, ҸղŻǸ̿, ǲ᲻ǰɡ
ϣˡ͵ˣڡǲֿ𣬿˯ȥ
ȻҲ˼ʲô, ŮĻ
һô˯
Ǳ߲ǻһ𣿡
ǻҪɨ
СӣҹǰɣϽȥɨŽᱳϾһƣŽ᲻鲻ԸɨĨȥˡ
ֻʣϿۺ, ̾쿴ѿ˰ɣȺѿ, 㿴˼ҡ
ҲĵҲô˵, Щʲôӣҹʲôӣ㿴˫ôЩ, ûɹӣҡ
ϿһԼŮ, ˵˵, զ, ɶʱ˿˻ˣ֮ǰ, ˸˰ˡ
ǰ, ޵úþǺãȸһҲܳɷˡ
ˣȥϴϴԼʰһԺھ˸Ҳһ졣
ҿͷģ˵Ǹ¿𣿡
ϻʲôʱƭ㡣
ã֪ȥϴˡҿĵȥˣһĴӺü顣
-
³Խﻹ¶˵ˡ
³ԽҲһ㶣õĸ
һ߰һߵɲ˵ֲ֣ô궼ûϵˣڹܹˡ˼ѿѿھء
³ԽһңһŮӣôǰң
ҪǮ£һʼ˵ʮǻȥء
³ԽøˣǴӦˣ
ˣùǲ£һʼŸǮ£˼һԸߣҪھҡ
³ԽԳĬ˺ð죬ŵøĲʮȥõģܵĻǸ޵׶
㶣˵ееżˣƵҲż
ȻϼҴڴԶĹҲΪҪǼʮᣬûϵʱɣ˲ӵġ
˵˼仰Ĺ³ԽѾѣߵСʣȥɽˣ
³Խͷһ
㲻˵ȥôȥˣ
ģû˷֡³Խ˱ס˳ƾϡ֣ȥˣǴأɽ󣬺ѷ֣֮ǰըɽʱⱻ֣ӷˣڿĶԭʯ鷳
ڷô𣿡
ҵȥһֱǸģҵʱͨ
֪𽳣ӻǱߴģҡӦǿ׵İɡ
³ԽѰţģţ
˵ͷɵĿļͷ
ҹɫŨȥһ˼æµжȹģ³ҳ£꣬˾ȻѾкܾûкúȹˡ
ͷ³ԽͰöŮ˯ˣûбʺϵʱ̽̽˲˼
ҹɫշ̣Ϊ⵵£Ϊ³Խϲվš
ǵŰ壬üѵﳳѣʹǷʲô
ﵱ߷
ƫƫԽĵĻػҧļͷ΢һЩ
һϤٴ𣬶ʲôʲôȻ¹ˣҵĻ³Խ
ϱ˯𣿡
ŵһ³Խӡӡ
һ첼˺ðβŶûУ
³̫̫ʱȥѿѿ˵⼸춼Ҫǡ
ﾡȺã֪
ţϢ
ҲЩϢ˲ãߣߵĶּĺݺͱ˺üȭͷ˾һһӦûС
ʣﻹ۵ĸ첲̧źϴ˯ˡ

һ磬³СԺߴŨİζֻ磬˰ʲôҲûУ³̫̫ҶкղΤϣȥ֮ǰ͵͵ӣԼҳģֻʣϡһİˡ
緹ǰ̲ˣŽһԺſˣֻżζȴŲζɰˡ
˵ÿ϶ҪͿĨ˿ߺܲ˿һҧȥ㣡ٲȻǳԶڡ
˵˰ҲûȵΤгԷӶùУŽ̲ס򿪷žͺһܳ緹𣿡
ΤԺϴѣԾ㵵̧ͷǻûԣ
Žһ⻰һŶû緹ԣ
ΤϣӴΪûǳԼȥأ㣬ǼҰǾǶ˾Լţ˵ģܹСӡԣǿɣ࣡
Žĵ˵ڱ½ҡҡͷŽҧУ̣
ȳԷ
ΤЦˣֳֺȵĻҪ͹ȥɣ˼ɲź


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緹ûԱŽȥ
ǼҲϺúдңѿǮ, ҳȥųȥ
ֺγԱ, ҲǣǺò׵˾մ, ȴһ˿ζûŵ룬ѿǮ˳, Ҳȥ¶ٹȥ
˵߾ߣ˰Լʰһ, ͳȥˡ³̫̫ӴÿԿ˳ŵĳ棬̽ͷһ, û˵ʲô
̣ôߣǶóȥˡհĵ
³̫̫ѴӱڵհɲǴǰС, ֶʵһӵ, ֻ÷, ĵȥ椡
С, أȥ, ܵܳȥȥ, ߵʱܻߵģż
հŶһƶǶŵܵܳȥˡ
˳ź³ҸһȦ
Ǵķӿ󣬶Ǯ˰ɣ
ϣɲͨĴӣĴܺɽı𣿿϶Ǯġ
Ž˺üҲڸܰɡ
ɵӣֻҪĻ˵ԺӣǱԺҲá
Ž˷ܵĺٺֱЦ£Ӿ͸ڳϺ棬ƨƨߵĽȥˡ
ԲݽȻǻ𱬵һ죬Դȥڷڲ֮˷ݽơ쵽ʱ򣬾Ϳʼ޴ˣƷв˻ֻҪʮģԵΧɹϲּ򵥷ͣʱԲǰ˳ӡ
ǰǸɶأզôˣۼ⣬չţͿǰųӵԲݡ
Ƿݣôˣζ϶ܲ
Ҳˣߣȥ
ߵԲݸǰŽܵǰȥһۣ˷ܵĵأһʮģ׷ܹ
ż⿴˿ɶӴ
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˵ζ޿ײ굽˵ıö˺Щ˶ĲУĥһҲǰȥɤʣʮĹܱ
˵һ㣬شһۣЦŵģ׷Լ򣬹ܱģ
ϱЦˣãҪݣ
һǰҲұϾǸһӣŽǰӶˣ־ָӲˡϲӡ÷˿⡢ƬһȻЩǸˡ
θڰһʵǽش䣬Ҳ
ŽЦˣȻʮĹܱȻҪĳԣ׷Ҫ˫ݣ˫ݵģ
㣺
ǹܱҳ˵ǰ棬˷ʳҪǮġ
İɣ˷Ѳˣ
ŽȲĽӹ
ӣֿüۣǶ˵񣬵һǮϸǮǸǮӣĹҵģҲ԰
˻涼ѡˣ˵һߵСϣʼ̻ˡ
̫óˣ̫ˣŽѾ󶼹˲ˣԵͣϵš
һ緹Щȥ˺
Ҳ֪ˣľͺͰûϷƵģȫ˴׷ûҪһݣһɵÿţ˷ҵķҪǺÿ
ص̲ס죬ЦЦΪ⣺Щռ˵ˣûа취˲࣬ǿʲôģˡ
Ǽ˵ĿžǮģǺɰҶƼˣĹҵģƫԸ⻨ˣ
⻰˵꣬Ķ˶١
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Χȹҿ¯ҳȥһۡ
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ʲôֱҪ㡢˵Ͷѿѿģ
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Цˣѿѿڿɲ֮ǰѿѿˣͦµģסڼʹɩء
룬̲סЦˣ˵ҴɩţҾöԸ˵ģզԷˣ
룺ҹǴɩڼˣǳԲѿѿǮˡ
ޣʲôѿѿҲ׬ǮԳԺȺȵģ
ﻹĻ㣬һҪһˣǼ˿ʶңҾͲǴˣȻ鷳Ҫ
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νǳ˸ţŽ̲ס˺üá
̫ˣ̫ˣþûгˡ
ҲǳԵܲѣǽ˺һ㣬һ̰Ҫô෹Ͳˣˣ
컹ҪʮģҲ̫ˣ
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Ž᲻ô⣺ûǮ˾ѿҪеǮ
ȴ˵ˣѿһκ˵ΪҪǮģǵڶλô˵𣿲áɲɵԶĿĿ϶ʮѣĥ˺һŵ
ҪһˣȻȥ
Ҫǣɶ
ңСӣҹˣ
ϲ˵ŽͺҲʲʲôֻ㬵׼³ңϣƵĳߣ߱ʡ
Ҳˣ³լھڱǱߣҲ㰲
լûʲôˣ³ѿڼԼģѾҲֻǸһЩ򵥵ɨȥ֮ѿʮֵľϲ
ɩôˣ
ǵĶиѿ˵ˣˣҲȥԲݵ˵ˡ
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֪ˡǵθڿ治ʮᣬʮᣬǸǳԳԺȺ¹ӵǮˡ
ﰲοˣ´αô׸ǡ
ѿ˶ɩ˵ģҲûյģæĺܣûմǣֻڼУҪ鷳ˡ
һ˲˵Щ
ѵùһΣѿЦԺãҽ飬ҳζ
զԼˣҪĻֱ˵һС
ôһأܲ鷳ѽ˵ģҲţԼ
ѿԺӣһֱãѿԺӿǸصũСԺӣһҲǸ̫̫һһľԼֵСԣԺӽݲ̳ӣһŨŨĹУЦźѿߵ˳տ̳ӵĸ顣
ζͦá
ģɩңҵһ
Цˣһʲôǲģȥˡ
ѿЦˣǾͺãϲˣҾ
Цŵá
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ֻĲ³լլլ³ҲĲԶֻǸլӵĹģʹСҲһ֪ǹլңլӵƷӦҲǴġԺպλޱ࣬һλ³㣬һλȥӡ
ӴˣֲֻһССĹ١еΪӵĸ޵ľǹĶүϵҲ˲ʮչҲλԺ͵ְλ
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ɫ˱䣬ĮĵҲĹˣĹλմˣߵݣ
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ɡɤͷϲΡΡǰ˺ƲУ̧ͷ
ӵĿһۣ뿿ȷ
ߵİǣ°ǰȥݣŮŮ
۾һԶԶԣˣѿҵŮҪĸ
¿һ۳ϣ߹һĨ̵ЦУȥɡ
˵꣬ƺмͳ˵ֱˣʣµľͽǸϻɶͷʱӹһĶ
һٹᣬ³֮ʣİٹȥţʲô͸ʲôҪǸ˵ȥһ֣˵Ǯˣͷѱ
ϱǮ˸ͷתֱ޲ù¸˿ͷǣ񸾼ס˼סˡˣҪʲô
ѿ³׿أһֱûкӣ֪𣿡
һ㶣֪֪֮ǰ˵Ȼ˵ֻҪҴŶӺŮŮҾͿԡ
һŮˣ޵궼ûã檻£³;ãҪܰסᣬŮγʲô
һ㶣漴Ц˻ǣ˵ĶԣҶӡ
ŮҪ³ҵĹѪ㻹ӵǰ;ο飬Ҳġ
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°ѳϴӲ˳ЦͲûԭرQˣߺȥӡ
ˣˡǸǮۿģ治֪³ôģôĹһˣƫƫȢôһŮ̯ݡζƷһ˳ֻһССҲ
ԺеһӣţںڵĳɢԣЦһ
һҲĲϵë³ֵ߰һ궨Ʒ֮ʱˣһŰˣվǳɲ˴ġ
ЦЦǣ»úöţһϣ³Ҹ췭ظ
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̲֮סԱߵѣΧʲôһ·ĸţͷֳһ·ٻʮᡣ
һͶ밲ҵŮˣôֱʣ
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ԽԽù֣ڲԶ͵͵۲á
ΤŵˮԺҲƵĺܣãأ
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ǡҸһ·ٻʮᡣɩ˵һ͸ôǲҪʣµǮѿѿҪ
ҪҪΤĲУǸǮҪǮѣҪɲô׵£Τã㿴ЩĶ𣿡
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һʱ䣬Ҳ㷲ģܾ񲻶ԣﲻԣȴ˵
³Խ£һ䣬Ѱ¶˵ˡû˵̫࣬Ϊûǳϱ㿪ʼȻԺдˡ
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Τһ㶣ǣ˵ɶأɶˡ
Ҳæȥȫ˶ߵ˴ſڡ
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ΤЦˣզԭ治·ͻͦģɶö԰˵ͺŽǧĹܶģѲϻбզˣ
ΤϵĻŽͺ۾ˣϽȥɶأզ֪
ˣˣʲôҲûУʲôҲû
˵žҪܣ˭֪ŽѰһһ֮УȻɢһءǳϽڼЩӡѡΧոոµģһ첼ĺúõĲм䣬Ͳסһӱ¶˵ǰ
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ѿһôҶԭίЩ·İҲ¶˱ĵɫע⵽ѿҲˣŵĵҵȻûУ
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ģҪТģɣЩȥˣʣµǮȥĸѰһլӣʶ˲屻ƭˡ
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ΤһҲˣ׼Ӳʼúõĺͼ³ȻĴӺǰ
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Ҳûкٵ˵, ԵöЩ״Σû, ûУܺˡ
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ѿЩԾĿɷĵӣ³㵫Ц۾תת֪Щʲô¶ЦããȻǺõġ
ѿѿ㿴ĸҽǺͿˣЩ˰ɣʣʮǮ㡣
ѿɷ³΢Цͷѿɷ˼ŰɣǮˣͷȥͲˡ
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ϣ³ҵļҽǲģ˼ûô˵ĻͻŽԷ
Ҳȥˣڷ͵͵˰ԼĶӡ
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ŽѾ˲ϴˣֻͷǷһٷ³ҷϵȫ˵ס
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Цˣ綼ˣûʵ°ˣزסϢڹ˵Ǹɶˡ

˵꣬Žἤ٣塢٣
ŽˣҲˣϰС
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ɣҪϣǺң쿴³˰ɣУ
ŽЦˣֹǻУûŮ۾ֱˣ˵̫ˣ˼Ҳܿġ
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ϴĵ٩УˣЩѿ޽ȥôͶûкӣ³Ҳ֪ôģ³ɶǵٵˣ檶
ңǣҡҪһӸ𣿡
ϺݺݵĵһۣûӵĶ֮ҪӣԺԼȡʲô鶼Ҫ̺·У
۾ˣˡ
磬֮Сӣı»˳µ£
һۣŽͺҵ۾ˣ·ٻǰŽʣҽҪʲô
ʲô
ϺȻҲסˡ
԰³ֻżŻһΣҪʲôô
ѵ˳ϣú˼һ¡
˯ɣȥ˼ҡ
ϽۣѾȫ˷Žͺ˯ţ˼һϵΣڶһ¶Լͬ˺ࡣ
-
³ֻסڶձ׼뿪ľԺſڵˣ˳Цǰɣ׼ȥѽ
³㳯ЦЦǣĸеæдĸˣĸ֡
ĻҵҪŽᰡǽ𣡡
ŽܵĿ죬һŤŤվں治ǰϻƣѾͷŲ𣿽쵹֪ˣ
·Щ
³㳯ǵ˵ͷкˣ׼ϳֵɰ˵Ǹӵ룬ôæ鷳ǲ˼ˡţҪҾԼȥɣȻ򷿵Ǯҽģ
һѿ³㶼˾
³㻹ãѿѾüĸǣ
ЦǾ̫æҪǮҪģ찡ĸ£ѿѿǧȥ
ѿһʱʲộֻóĬЦЦ³㵱Ҳû˵ʲôʹ˸˱
һֱĿԽԽԶŻͷŮСʣɶأȥˣʱ
ίˣҡ
ʵû˯ãƤЩƣ»࣬ˣ̾˿һϽ֣ЩϺõۣ֬úô硣

ҪԼ򷿵Ϣ³̫̫һʱ˳ĬԭѾŸ˳ȥһʱȴ侲ʼϸ˼¡
椺͸ӺܲˣΪǼ˵ԵʣҲãҲգÿ춼ææǳȥҲܺԶˡ̿ȥֳüģ϶ǸǼ
ӵԭĶţȻת˵ͳȥˡ
ⵯǶģ˵۸Լ˾ҪСʹһСʣ˵ľܵԺԺĸǽϣӶﳯ
ŽԺɵģ֪ǲҪȥéҡڣ͵͵İѵ׼׼ŻŻʱȻԶһ˳ȥͿϵĶ磬˳ϵĿҲŵ
Ż˵СĲ˾Ĵһ˲ͶˣæƵ£˳С
Цˣıݡ
ŽȻȥéģȻãԺŸ裬ԺéҲǶûùƬʧޣ˳Žȥֵ֮Ƭ̣ŷ˹
һСʯͷͳéϷȥŽἸնףͱͷһ
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˳ĵıȸĶ࣬ϵļһʲҲʵʵʯͷȥļƬҡҡ׹
˭˭ʯͷ
Žỹƴĺⲻ֪Σվͷ˳˺ݺݵһӣƬʯͷȫһé
Ӵȥүģ
ﵽĿģ˳һ̵ľʹϴŸܣ˱ܱЦһ̵ľܽ³̫̫ķ
ԩңڸɶأ
³̫̫ӾͷۣԺŽͺĸСӳʯͷģҳ
³̫̫һզ£ԩңϽȥ
³̫̫ǻӵģ˳͸һ͸æܽȥˣָͣ
ŽỹԺ³̫̫Ц˳ȥ
Ӵզǡ
ŽͷĸӳͷʯͷأʯͷƬⲻһ
ΤǱҲ˶ԺѰһȦûԼ˳Ҳզ£վԺſڿ֡³̫̫Ц㣬Ǵɣļ̶ȥˣǽ⣬д񹥻أҪעЩ
󡢴񡭡ŽͷϿһۣٵͷȥԺ̫̫ҲطȥˣﻹбˡݺݵҧҧֻԼԸƿӡ
ߺ˳ſڴϳ⿴һ߿һЦ
ڣˣ³̫̫ͳ˳ƨϳһƣۣ˳˸ܻԼȥˡ

ϽϽˣҲѧˣŽͺһΪѾԭίҲ˵ˣ˱һ˸ӣŽͷǱ߱˸ǿɢһһǮɶı㣬Žᱨֻ֮һȻ˼Ǯˡ
˿ʼڳԴȣ
һѵ¶֬׼һѣͷһٹᣬöŮǻ˸ʹ졣֮󣬳ȥһСӡ
ң
ǸԼýͷĵطԷ˵ÿյʱͻϸչȥûãиˡ
ǰֹ˵˰죬լӵ飬ĩǺʣô˵ģ
ϣһϣ˵ԼլȥҲңʱ³ٲŮû
ǺЦЦլӵ㲻ˣһ뷨Ӵٹ˵ҵˡ
ϴϲ鷳ˡ
鷳Ǻ˹𴽣˵Ķԣס̫Զˣûлˡ
ϺǸ˵֮ʹŶŮȥˣ·Žỹ˵ʲôЦЦܣٵ죬ǾͰң
ҺŽһۣЦˡ
Ǹջص³ң³̫̫ѾЦԺеˡ
ˣ
ϣˣɩɩڵǰ⣬ѿ˵ͷпѿѿ˵ĶԣŽһҲڼﲻ£ȥ˸׬˵ǮһЩƷ
³̫̫ŽᣬЦЦǺ£ˣԹ𣿡
˳ˡ
ҶӺѿѿأЩæլӵ䵽ˣҲûʲôȥ˿ǿ˺üլӣҪҪȥһۣԵĻͿԶˡ
һ㶣û˵
˵ɶ
ĴȣӴ鷳ɩɩˣҲѾɺѿѿ˵ˣլӵ鰳Լ鷳ǼˣˣʵǽϽ־ȥլӵģҲѾüˣ
³̫̫ȣס
ת˼䣬㣬ɩɩ˵ҵȷǡһأһûˣŽҲûȶĻƣȥǸͷͦõģھûȥѰ˵԰ɩɩ
³̫̫һ˫ֱֱĿųϣķӿɲˡ
ԶԶԣţǼҳǮ㰳ǽ裡ģҿ϶ֵֽдãһǷǵģ
³̫̫Щһʱ֪˵ʲôֻõȻطȥЪŰɡ
Ҳǡ
-
ʲôǻڳﰲңôȥΤϢ󣬲Ҫը³̫̫æ˰סС
ΤϣǼֱǵôߣ
³̫̫ڲǾǵôߣǻ£ö˶˵ģϾȻǣ㲻֣
ûɶֵģǾΪǮķӿ϶ߵķֵǮǧܴӦǣǮȥ˸ûлĵ
³̫̫û˵һֱüΤϼ˵˺ü飬³̫̫ŵ֪ˣȥæİɡ
Τ߳ȥʱպС¸˵ˣҲʮֵľȣģ
׿˵Ļм٣һҲȥ˵˵ȥ
֪ˡ
ȥ
һκʹ󳦣ݺҲ˵£Цŵʳԣ
³ֻ̫̫һû˵ʶЩˡ
զˣ
³̧̫̫ͷϱųϣļŵģ;ĵط֣
һ㶣͡լӳ֡
ɶ
³̫̫һվȷ
ﱻһԣȷȥѿѿҸճûþͿˣҲȷǸպߵﻹǡ
³̫̫˼˰죺ܾôôءһҪǮһҪڻҪᵽĸòǸɡ
ɶ⣿


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³̫̫û˵ʲô, ֱȥˡ
ȥģ
ȥУǵҲϡ
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Ǳ뻻ڷЩʳ, ģصһЩɫʳסʱԼĥĥĥɵľһ², ĥɵģҲ͵ˡ
Ͱ, Ǵ˵, Ͱסϻ˿, һ㶼˼ҲҪĶ, ķ϶, ״͹סο͸͵֬, Դζ, һͷҲѹβ, ʵǸö
СϸϸĹãǩ̶̿ͿԿϸǩƵĶǼＸСӵ¹ܿʲôҪϲӱĳԷ
Ͱһ߿һ˷桢ݪ桢Ȼ棬̿˿ڻȴֲȫڻð͵ȫ͸ڱȴγһε̶ȵıһʱ磬Сȫ˹
ڿˣһ˽ֱǷ֪ӲЦŸһһʣհհùȥ
հĽͰȥ˵ߡ
³Խ޼ȦӵݹĿ⴮һ۾ͳȥڴߣ˶һۣۡ
ܿ죬³̫̫Ӹڻˣ￴һۡ
ˣԷɣ
³̫̫û𻰣ֱݣﲻˣ³Խʹ˸ɫ˿϶Ҳˣֻǵ³ҡҡͷͷˡ
ʲô³̫̫ݺòᣬɸںʹѾ޻
̣զˣզˣ
³̫̫Ůһ룬̲ס뵽ղŵĳ
ղȥ˳ԺӣǰûкþͿǳڳŮϱȻѣ³̫̫ûȥϵѽѽŮÿƤǺã΢һ磬Աѿÿü
һ¶ϲõɫģ
Ȼģƭʲôѽ̫ЩӦöԵȵȥһ
⻨ɹ˰ɡ
ɶֲ𡣡
³̫̫ЦһԼҲˣתͷߣЩڣôûеŽȥúһء
ĶϱȣֱǰΣ
³̫̫Ѿᶨ˳ϵ㣬ʵɻʱѾͷûע⣬ֻǻȷڲȷȷҪһˡ
³̫̫˺ܾãҲǲ³ϵ뷨־ǿѿûӣ
뵱檡³̫̫Цһʱѿɲʲô˶ܽ³ҵţޣ
椺ʹѾԼһ³̫̫֮ʶԼŮ⣬æĸ§˻ûû£»أѽԹԡ
ཱུСָͷĶͷ̱椰ͷˡ
³̫̫Цˣĸζôҳͷ
С˺þãŵšҵ
һ仰³̫̫ùЦСһ˺þõǵҲɢˡ
-
ڶգ³̫̫һͳţ׼ζҪլӵ¶ˣ˭֪Է磬³̫̫ߵԺſڣҲˡ
Ӵɩɩô磿Цź³̫̫˸к³̫̫ЦЦţãǽȥլӡ
һ㶣Ŀ¶Ǹ⣺Ӵɩɩ˵զڲµģ治鷳ˣǽȥ쿴լȥûȶģǽǮأһʱ֮Ҳòҿ⣬ˣĻҲǸһµвУ
⣿³̫̫Цˣӣ㵽ĳôһһ
ϣ㣬ǲҲص˵˵Ķ԰ɩɩ
³̫̫ﴽУǽǾͽ£Ҳûɶ£һȥ
ϵЦ˲͵Щ³̫̫һֱ͹۲ɫɫ΢׼˵ʱҺȻں˾䣺첻Ҫȥҵ𣿡
һͷŮԣңӴɩɩ治˼ǽϰҪȥǸɩӼһɩӰɣסڳƽ֣ҲҽܵլӡɩӣҪ磬ٺһȥ
³̫̫һЦˣȥæȥ
ϣã˰
ϴŶŮæˣߵ³ӿڵʱ˿ϸ˴ĴָŮġ
ЦЦǣһǣǷ
ϣӾҪҵ粻˳٣ߣȥ
³̫̫۳ųԽԽԶԭЦһ
ϱ
ΤԺι˳
ȥһ˶ɣ㿴źǡ

³̫̫ȥӣûˣ³Խ󲿷ʱ䶼Ϊ⣬³ԽѺͻƸЩ³̫̫˵⣬³Խ˵ͷ֪
ȥֵܻעŵ㣬Ҫʲôһʱ˵
ԣܾεҪ
³ԽȻû³̫̫ôϸģｻǻϸȥ죬³̫̫˵£һȦϻЩ
̶̰꣬³ԽѾڳˣ̵ķչٶȻҪ죬³ԽЦЦûУǰѺԺǸ񷿸ˣûɶá
³̫̫˵ͷţʱ޽һ
ѣǵ⻹ܷʱ䳤Щ
һţ³̫̫˴ĴָľǳԶԽһȥˣԽҲ˵أҪޱѣһеģҪ
³̫̫ҲЦˣⶼˣ㲻ʲô
³Խ˳־ͽ˼ƣ䣬ǼˣӦ£תȥˡ

ϽֺǺˣһʱͰ³̫̫ע⵽ǵϢ˵ˣ֮ЦһѾоˣͰլӸǶ
ϴϲ˾͸æȥˡ
Ǻںţ߹ƹС·ڵһլ
լӿֻܿסˣλȴǺãԽԽϤ
ǺЦЦϲˣռҺӡ
ϻȻ򣺡ѹҾأԭˣס⡭
Ǻֳǰָָ³լ֣լǱԱӣм䣬Ƕܽ
ϻȻ


101 
Ͽ˰, ǿլӵλã³լլм䡣
ϣԭ³լҲ⸽
ˣû
ҡͷûǵô, һֱסǼ, ǶŰأ³ɣҲֻ˹һΡ
Цһ³ҷǷĿ湻, լӶ, ׼ô˵
룺˵ġ
УҵҪֻһ, Ҫֲӡ
, ġ
ȺһߣϴŶŮͽȥˡ
طǴ󣡡Ž˷ܼˣһֱԺתתȥ, ҵһֱѲӣƺ뿴³լ
治Ұ, ң
ұһɤӽջߣ
ʰѽŸɶ³ҵĶҲ, Ͱ
һ˷ܣæӦ
-
ңڣ
³̫̫ЪΤϴϢΤϼԣʰǰᵽȥصģֻ˵Ǳ, Ц, Ǹլ, ûиǽǮɣ
³̫̫˸ۣҿɵôǡ
Ǯ
³̫̫˼һ£ðúãϱʰҪȥǣ

³̫̫Ҫסȫ˶ЩԾ³̫̫ж٣ڳ֮ûþʰöˣ³ԽϢ˻
ĸպãңˣҲȥԺӱ壬æ֮ȥܵܵլȥӡ
³ԽզôͻȻҪȥ
ͻȻɶ㶼֪һӡ
³̫̫˵һ룬̾˿ϳϳ˵
³Խֻüų˹ȥհȥѧˣ椷Ҫţ³̫̫Ůţܿ͵³լ
ѿ˵ˣϲľͳȥӭզˣ
³̫̫ŮٲҪ˾Ҫ
ѿһ㶣ûüʣ˵Һ㰡
Ѿͷ𣡡
³ԽеæֻǳһĻһ䣺椡㣬Ҫԣû
椺һʲôʱ򲻹ԣף
³ԽҲǱŮģӣˡɶӴС
֪˱ˣȥæȥ
³Խߺ³̫̫ݡ
ѿĵĵסǰԺɣɽջûֵҪ֪ˣ϶ܸ˵ģ
˵Щˣѿѿ£Ҫ¸˵
ѿЩ࣬Ҳҵ飬æˡ
ϱ£³̫̫̾
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ѿһ㶣ҡͷҲ֪
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ɡ⸽Щǹլĸĸôܡ
ԣΣҲûۼҪǮһ˵Ҫǣ⾩ôطĸѡҪסڱ
˼˵Ϊң
³̫̫ͷ
ѽ
ѿЩ³̫̫ϱЩʵ֮ǰһֱû˵ڲ˵ˡҲ֪ɻˣһֱûиӣʵżģ֪ɣ
³̫̫˵꣬ѿɫ˰ס
֪һֱû߹ǣѿܸм
㣬ΪҪ֪㣬ǰЩ;ߵ̫˳ҲѹЩ굽׿ûУǸɶ
ѿզûȥҿĴ򶼲߰˸ˣʱɻ˵æˣҪ̫ҽǸɶЩ˵ûʲô⣬Сʱ̫ݣĲãֻ˵òţ̬
³̫̫̾ǣҲȷʵǼõġ˵ˣĸأˣҾǾʮа˾ǳģǸãҲʮˣٳδȢɻȥûעᵽס˼
ѿסˣðβŷӦ˼˵ĸúҡ
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³̫̫̾Ӱ㻹̫ᣬЩ˵뷨˵ŮǸɣ̫Цˣ
ѿ˺ðβſЩվȥʰӰɣЩϢ
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³լֽСѾߣѿϸѡµģһƿһнƿƺ鲻ãѾСǰ˾䡣
ѿһۣʣҲҺüˣҽһʵ棬ǲ˵ǼҵķԷأ
ƿͽƿһۣˣָǡ
˵ûãû취֮ģ˵³լ塣
ƿͷ˵ƿԥ˺ðβŵˣ˵ʲôطϣʹôЩ꣬˶ū澿Ƕںӵ顭ū澵ȷǾӦץ
ѿૣģֻ£ץеģ
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ˣܿլס
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ʱչҺͳϾԺӿڵˣһš³ֵĿ˰ŮӾǱȥ
³׼ԼżʱȻһ
򣿡
³Ųһ٣ͷȥ
Ҵ£һӣĿ󻹸ųϣ˴˸棬³Щȣĸǡ
ѽɣôɣϸæǰʱֵ
³һЦһȥɣǽհ׼ȥкأ

ºϼ̵ԣѽ˵ɵ飬ͬ壬иһ˾һլӣ⸽ǽ֮תŷְӴιǼô˵˵ǲԵţ
һ˵һ߾׼³լˣ˭֪տżͿѿ˳
ĸѿ̵ĺһ䣬䵽ĺϡ
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ѿԣ΢΢һЦ˵ĸ
˵ˣ
ϻƣѿ³̫̫Ӱ˳
³۾һˣ
ϵıȴûôϲˣЦ⵭˵ɩɩǻԵء
³̫̫ЦˣǣԵֲǳӵٶҲǿ죬ұӽǱ߻ȥլӵģûĹǾⱣסˡӣı£αػѿѿӴ
³Ļ۳ϡ
ЦɩɩҲðˣⷿӰǽѽܵģֻסģԺҪ˼ڵطأ
³̫̫ЦЦѻǲԵݵдˡ
˵ĻӴӶɩɩչˣ˶ģ
Ժſں˺ü䣬˵ôŶҪ˽У˭֪³̫̫ЦЦӶԷѶһӣˣѿѿҲ˼׼һݻ񡣡
ѿƺ׼ƿѶȥ ³̫̫ҹеҪ£ԾͲдˣɣѿѿǹ
һѿѿվһûֻ̬õŶŶŶææ
üʹ˸ɫѿĿһۣҵҲ˵ˣֻǿҲһ˿˿Թޣһ
³լѴŹˣ̲סˣǷǹģ
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ѿźûţȻһ˾˾ˣĻԺ͵һ·˳;ãϱͺɩһġ˵Щ֪꣬ˣϡҲϡڰݱϾһģ˵ʵͷû͸ĵˣ
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˵ǣ統ǻ˸͸Ѿ߹أ㻹ûУԼѿѿģס˰ɣ
³ˣЦһǡ棬
ʵǰֻ֪꣬ͬǿ̬ܿȼЩ±Ҳ֮ʥ
³̫̫һ㶣զˣʥҪָˣ
ʵҲָֻһ䣬ָˣҲվǿּ
Է˭
Ů
³̫̫һŮܸԸ檣
³ĬƬ̣ŮŮҲίˣҶӸû檵뷨Ծܾˡʥ֪֮û˵ʲôֻЦ£¾ʹ˽ҹ
³̫̫˰ΣŵʥϼȻʣǱضʹŮӵĸ˰ɣʥ㣡
˵ףֻڳΪ٣ҪƾźլĹϵõҲǲء
³̫̫ͷ⻰˵ġҲе˵ˣ˵ϣұΪĿҪǮڿûôˣô
³ҡͷֱ޿ܡֻ룬ôסڣǱˡĿġ
֮ǰ˵ҪƷ֮ʱˣ᲻ʲôͬţ
³㿴뿿ֶεĻǴҲδ̫ӣ˿𡣡
㣡һϲϹĥɰ»Ҫ⣬˵ôܰ㣿
³㣺룬ͬ˵
Ͱڴס°ɣҲþûһͬסˡ
á
-
³طѿھǰͨѿȥӭҪƿȷˮԡ
ء³ס֣ˡ
ﶼͬ˵ˡ
³һڣѿ۾ͺˡ
ʲô³ַ˷᣺Ųң
ǡѿϡ
һõ飬ҺΣʵһֱţڻҵĸɣʵЩҶ֪Ҿ룬ǲĲͻݣ̫˽
˭˵ġ³ȻʧЦ
Щ˵ģǽҶŮѵŮһʼʲô˼֪Ů˵ĸ궼δҪش󷽵ظ๫檣Ӧͨ˺̧֮ûСҸϵѾ߾ֻ
³ɫࣺ㾭ô˵
ҲǾ;ۻʱ˵Σ֪ҲϲЩۻģʲôͻƷ裬ЩͲʺҡ
³㣺ȥ㲻ȥˡ
ôС
ôУǰˣ뷢޹ͬܶʮ꣬Ҳֻһũ˿ӰʷѿѿҸںЩôδ˵Щ˵ҶԺĪǰ
ѿ̧ͷ۾ĿΣɡ
³ǵ᣺ĸû򵥣²Ҹˣ½ңġ
ѿ˵ͷ¿ȥڣҵȻġ
-
ģ
մԲݻʱҲ˵Ϣ𾪵İζûлعΤҲǺ֪
ҪȥʱһûӦڿǳ¼ҵǴ
˼˵Ѻ͵ܸ檣
ǰ⻹ԣᵽһסȥˣҲͦ±Ǯģ¿кϷˡ
ﵹûʲôϷֻҲףط¶³Խ˵ˣ֮ҲĬá
ѹֽҪŹȥ
ڳϵʱҲû˵
ûУǾǸ˲˵ġ
￴һۣôô˵
³ԽЦЦǸˣլȻûϵ
Ȼ붺˵˼զͺûϵˣҲˣǺ
³Խ׼ѣһҲЩ
ͷͿĿƺ˵Ƶġ
³ԽεЦЦҡ
ôǶˣ
ҴһҲûˣϷܲһˣǵٵģȻܶŮϲ
˼˵ֵˣҲкܶŮϲҪѽĹҲٵġ
³Խ֪ǲˡƫƫֱ׾ģ˵Ȼֻεȥˣؿڡ

ﵱҪˣå۲ˮĵһۣ˭֪³Խһ˲ѿڶȫ㡣
һЦˣôСôװ£
ΪСװ㣬ûбˡ
³ԽƣﺬЦܾãȭͷĸһȭ컬ࡣ
³ԽֻЦ
-
⼸գϺüȥ³ң³̫̫Ըɸˣգסˡ
ʼŶȥھͣܿ죬һСϢ³լﴫˡ
ǲİӦðɣ³ƽտȥºͺ˵
㣬ϾһٵĶݡҿۼüˣ˾ز˽
³ƽʱڵֵѵ˵⣿ⲻǸãȥǶޢ껪
ôһ˵ĻҵǾúп֣˵Ů޸³ôЩ꣬һŮûУǸǸоΣˡ
ΣҲ˲ò࣬ƽʱģĵǺݣԼĸýġ
Щżƿͽƿ޲õǽһӣǽƿԸˬ޲õȥţƿأסˡ
ˣ棬Ҫ˺ʹ鷳ˡ
˸߼ͿŶˡ
ǽƿƿɣǻظȥѽ
ƿҪӦ£ƿһ·Ǻñ£ǸϽûȥˡ
ϸɰͰ͵Цѽⲻѿѿ˵˵Ůܸġ
ƿɲһףתȥС죺˭˻ܺ˵
ƿǰ·ˣҼҷ첡˲˼ͣǵˣǡ
ԶԶԣҲ˵ѿѿЩ֬Ǹǵģչѿѿˣ°ɡ
ǿɲҪϼȻǴӼӹģǮӦʡŵ㻨ЩӸַھ͵Ķ϶Ǯ˰ɡƿһǶЩ
㣬⾩ǾǱȴﷱҼŽһֱͷ׬Ƕ࣬ⲻҲܸ
ͼɣƿˡ
ƿƿߣƿЦЦίĻ˵˾䣺ĺһת˵ģͲˣߡ
˽˸ۡƿôɶʲô⣬㻹ˣ
Ϊ룬涼ô˵Ƿ˵ûʱû취¡һŷɱ¡
֪֪ˡ
ƿͽƿȥˣ³̫̫˳Ժ⡣
-
ѿǹۿ˵ͣϵѾҲô
ǣˣ
Ҹղں棬ƿƿĻˣߺЦҲɢˣˣ˵Ҳ֪
Һüˣ³סʱûʲôֱڻǼ³棬ҼˣڿǵĴ㣬ôѽ
𼱣ЩӺߵھǶˡһЧãֻû뵽ӷô˾ĽǲˣҪķӡ
һ㶣ķӣ
һӲŮңҲȲѣֻҪ³ң͸ˣô̿Ҫܵί
򴽣Ҳ£ǼʵˣֻҪܸզҲԸ⡣ͿңҲȫңһҪˣС
ùû㡣
-
լ
Ǻÿ춼׼ʱߵ»㱨һ飬˵֮󣬵ĽƱ£˵ĸŮûȥ
ǡ
ô飡
ˣ¸ԭΪ³ϷҲǸɽҰ帾ϣӻǱģٲ̫ų£һ˵ҲӦô£û뵽ǡȻ
ߡӺһ
ô˵ҲǸϸ˰ˣ㲻Ҫ߱٣һϸ˶㲻ˡ
˵˼ǡ
ϾҪƷ֮ʱˣ³̫ڵֵʱҲһֵʥۣҪ´ٳɣʲôӣŪɳţҲղ˵ȻΪǸŮ֮Ůʥϵ˼ǻ
Ǻ۾һЦˣˣ³ŮַͷͳϵŮ壬ʥϺУҲ֪ô롭
ô룬飬ҪΪԼŮֻع˵³Ǩֻպ˶޲ĭ
˳ı˷ģգ¶³Ǻҵĳţ͢
š


102 
, 컹ǴУ
³ֵʱ򣬳ʵ
³֪Щ϶źӿڶ룺, аɡ
Ӧ, һȦ쵽ʱͣ£³ڴ˴һ, ֳС·³լĲš
³̫̫ˣ
³һ, 㿴
³̫̫̾ˣǷÿնֵʱſڡ
³㿴Ժ, , ҽǺ˵ģ˵
³̫̫Ͷһȥˣ³ʵ, Ѿſڵģȥ˺ԺǾ, ô, Ӧָʹġ
ô˵鵽ˣ³̫̫æʵ
³ҡͷӲȷлɵˣòǸӣǵĿ, ˳֡
³̫̫ô
ǽ, ָʹ, ܽ˱ضڰв鿱ѾϵһѣʱǼΧ۲ġ
³̫̫УҲ͸ǣ¶ϱ˵˰ɡ
ûУһѿѿ
ҺˣϱĽᣬʱ˽ˣָҪʲô顣
ҲЩϢΪ£Ҳķˡ
³³̫̫ߺ󣬻طҲѿ˵ˣѿ˵ͷǹɣһֱô֮Ҳȷá
ãǱѿѿˡ
-
һ磬˺üյ³լڴˣѿӸڳֱȥ˳Ǳߡ
һ·ھӶ˽ÿˡ
ǡôԼϣĿ湻ġ
ѿЩţֱ˳ϼſڣ̧š
˭
⼸նǰʱףƽʱ˱ڼ˯ѾˣŽ·˯ƵģʮֲԸĹš
ܣûȥͷϿѽ
Žῴǰվŵ˯˲ûˣ۾ϴ󣺡㣿
ˣ
Žᳯһ𣬳Ͼ˳
ѿϴϲѿѿզˣ
Ұˣ죬
ϲɫһӦѿ̲סˣЩӣÿ춼ȥ³լΧھȫﰵ֪һ飬ȥ˰ɣ
ˡѿ΢΢һЦ⼸ղţĸȴÿ춼³լʵǸм˵ĸϣĸͱ͹ǰ
룿
ϲʤӦ֡
ҵȻȥȻȥģǡˣ
ˣȻ룬Ҫ׼黹е࣬ĸϵ
ѿ˵ת뿪ˣϴϲ֮ۿڷ㶵ĶӺŮŸɶ
׼
ŶŶŶŽæܽȥˣߵߣŮĻˣϽȥ磬ǧҪס
һЩӦ𣿱ôȻͱ˼ѽ
ϣҼıð⼸ղңҾӰ³լĴÿѿҪ棬ѵ˵Ҳ𣿲ô˵ǳɹһ󲽣ȥʰ
ӦһҲĵĽȥԼˡԽԽģǸ˵Ļܽ³լҪ֪һԥһ£ͳȥˡ
³ֵӿû˶·ˣֻո߽Ժӣ˳ϵ³㳯ӣߵס
ѽѽѿѿլĴԺӣӣɣӴ
ԭҲǶʱ̣յʱľ͵ˡѿȻҲ˵ʲôԺתţʱʱĸ䡣
³̫̫ȻҲڣҸں棬ʱʱľͳԺſ³߽˲䣬ҾͿˡ˲ſں룬סˣĳ˳ŽӣŽˣæˣ
ȫ˵߶ſڿȥ³Ųһ٣Цĸˡ
ֵˡ
³ߵߣǰʵ̫æѿѿ岻ʣ¹˲ĸڲйѿѿ׼룬ĸİɡ
ϣǼ⣬˵ĻӴǵٵˣæҲȻ
³ЦЦĸݰɡ
Դ³㵽˸ǰҵûдŲҲ˼Ŀֻһͷһ̧ͷʱ߱Ȼ³ϡѿƼˣû˵ʲôֻǿƿ׼ɡ
ǡ
˵룬³˰ţǴһһһٷڼ˵˾ƣ³С˼
ϣϲסĿ³㣬ҵΪһĺûģ³ҲЦ˺Щϼе˵ȻҲţѳֵĺϲ£졣
ƹѲɫѾˡҲһճ֮ǰǾĴģֻڳĸ³̫̫ǺӣҪΪ˶ӵ飬ھҪˡ
ҽĶ˵ǳԷʵҲûϼڣ²زסһʼܰţҲ̲סˡ
ô£ֻǳԷˣĥŴʲôúҺ³㵥ദ£˭֪ѿ;üΣ³ӻǲߡ
³㵭ĿһۣҲˣʵ˵ŽֵͷϿɡ
ϼԼĶŮ۾һӣŽæеģҲǺۡ
ÿ߻٣Ǯ٣㻹ǰռ㣿
Ž³һ㶣ֻһأ֪
Žһ䣺ߣһʮġΨһһΰľҲֻôشˡ
³һ׬ǮȷҲǲ
׵ġ
ϴϲҪ˵ʲô³̶˵ǰĸҼôණ̫Ʒˣѿѿĸɡ
ѿӦãϸ˵á
ҪʲôܰӽƵҪ
ѿһתѾѶˣһȻһֻϵʧۿɼ³΢΢һЦֻһóıī۸񲻷ƣŽܰɡ
ŽﶮʲôֻҲȱȱĽ˹лл򡣡Ǻң³˵仰ǰ˿ֻϧֻҲǿġ
ϼôȥûϷˣǵɰ㿴ѿѿѿѿ֮ǰɿˣڼ޸㣬ĸĸ˰㿴ĸҲһŮδ䡭
ѿ۾һŵĿϣѲҪˣȻ˵˵
ѿûڣ³̫̫Ҳסˣϱ񶼱˱䣬³㣬赭дĵסĻĸ˼
۾һףԭֻίһҵĻ£ѵͶˣ
ҵкüδȢͬţлĻĸ⡣
ϵ˶סˣ˼졣³̫̫Цʧѿ˵ʲôоֻǿɷ򣬳εЦǡ̫лˡ
һٷܳᵽӻŮ³а취ȥһ˵Цģʵû˵ϡ
ɫȫİʱ³Ϳˡ
ĸԺھӣ
Ȼ˼ЩźҲûиõİ취һתѿѿѿĸúѧգ㿴ķ޵ģãŮЩҲΪġ
ѿۺңЦЦĸɣô᱿ءⷹ˶ƿͽƿ޵ģҲҡ
ϲģֵҲúѧѧôܼҴʲôģĸ̽
ѿֻ΢ЦѽֻҪԸ⡣
ϿŮԸ⣬Ըģ
͵ΪֹˣϴŶŮȥԶŽһ䣺ⷹԵû˼ҵûչˣҵҲûУ˸ֻʲôãǡ
Ҳ̾ܺù֮ǰŶȥɣˣ͵ֻպãŪˡ
һǸϲʵʵġ
ֺγأ϶ǲеˣҪǱ³֪ˣҶѿ̾˵ˣȥɣҪȥ¡
ȥǸ˵˵ܴܲ᣿һ̫ˣǸӡ
֪ˣǻȥɡ
-
߳˺³ȥ鷿ǰߣае³լ뿪
ʱ³ػˡ
ˣ
ûУ¼öŮȥԼȥ˰ǰ
ҲԶΧҲ˶ң²ҿ̫ƺһ˽̸ã֮һǰһ뿪
³
ռң
ЦһԼ޲
֪ˣˣȥЪŰɡ
-

סڳһʼǻͦĵģֿʼæ֮³Խһͬ˳ǣһŸ椱ǰ³ԽͰѽˡ
椣˵Ҫҵģڲ
³Խøסһ󻹲ã
С椾죺Ǻá
ҲЦˣŮСҲ㡣
³̫̫Ц߳զˣҪȥӣ
³Խǣٿӡ
ӣ³̫̫һˣզضɣҪֵˣ
³ԽЦЦһʵҲûǸ￴ԼҲҪٿһ䣬ֻǲӡ
ţ³̫̫
ȥ˵
³̫̫⼸³լסҲģӹܿĵģ³˵Ļ³̫̫־°̣ͣ
š³Խæ˵ˡ
³̫̫˵֮Ĭã˵ըɽ飬ǼͷĽըˣ
ǰɣֻʵԶЩʱҲǾ͸˵ڵǲȷţըɽʱ֣ӷֵģڵķͷɽϡ
³̫̫˵Լ˵ɽͷϣЦҡͷû뵽ΪǶѺʯͷȻܸۼسɰǱ͢𣿡
³Խȥ걻͢ڵĲˣһֱڵȣڳ͢˳ˣٵһӣȥ
ã⻹Ҫͳ͢İɡ
³ԽǣӪԼҷֵĻǿԼ˵ģһڳﱸȳ̽͢ɣҪǸ￴ӡ
³̫̫Цˣ׼ףԲҲǲСû˵Ķ׬
ҲЦҪհհʮ֮ڳѧĻʱҪǰ׼ˡ
³̫̫û뵽һĵ˵ͷǿǵĻȫģҴӵѧ黹Ҫ뵱ɷȥģҲǲסǼˣҴܵ໹ǺҪġ
ᵽɣ³̫̫ɫЩȻˣƳˣСĵ˾䣺ܵ黹û𣿡
³̫̫̾ǹƤҩô˺ģˣ˵⼸ˡ
˵ģ
³̫̫ͷû£ǲõģЩ´Ҿͻȥˣӿ𣿡
³Խ䣬̸۸񡣡
³̫̫ͷã²̫ҪѡĲǡ
³Խ˵ǡ

ȥԺȥҲӷݴЩ
ã˵˵Ϊ¼ҵ飬ƺҲá
д⣬ȥԺѿ˵ˣ³̫̫³Խɰٺ˵˵ǽ£𣿡

磬³Խȥˣͬʱһ͵³լ³ֵ߶ɩӵӴֿһۣЦһû˵
-
͵ܣ԰
պ³Լլԭյ͵ģլ³㣬ϾҲǺԺͬţ³㻹Լˡ
֡
³ǹǰӻһֻۣһ˲ȻЦŰ³˽ȥ
ԺѾ԰ڰںˣ½Ц͵ܣͬŽأһֱҲûе۾ۣпգԺһأɱ
³Ц˵ЦҼȻǰǲҪ鷳д
ˬʵЦ˰Ϻþƣ
ղ壬ȻҲڻƻʱ̣ӽϯԼһ԰֮У;լŮǰ裬ƽġ
ɫڣһֱ³㾴ƣԶ˿һŮӣһֱû̧ͷ϶һḷ̌ū澸ơ
ӻ֣ţǽ½ƣǽ깬еĹƷҲ̸Ǳ͹͵ܣɣ
ĺþƣȻҪġ³ЦӦãӸŮʹ˸ɫŮǰ³㡣
ˣū澸
Ů³㣬һƿľƺȻ³ϣմʪһƬ
ū澸ˡ
³㻹δڣӱһȣ˶ëëŵģȥ췣
ǡ
Ůܿ£ӿ³㣺͵ܣʵڱǸҪȥԺѰɣ
ް
³㶶ӣŮóľƻĲ٣ӣȥأȥɣˣź³ˡ
Сǰ³ûپܾȻˣ鷳ˡ
լĺԺЩڣֻǼ˴ŵСǰ·³һ᷿
ڴԺūȥ
͡
űϣ³㵭ߣڿɾ࣬һžµļӴ¯Ҳȼ㣬³һ˿ɫָ޵ûľƺڵȴ
ܿ죬ȴǷǸСˣһŮӡ
³ˡ

Ůܿոµ³סзƣһۡ
¯˿ƣƾҲЩ֪ǰŮӻɴ³ԽˣŮӿ̽Եĵˣ
Щͷۣȳȥɡ
Ůһһ˿ϲˣմ˵ˣˣڴ˴Ъ
ϢСŮӿԡ
³㳯һſȻһģŮӴϲҲڣ漴Ƶɴ⻻ֿױݵģǺ˭أ
Сǰ³߻ˡ³޷ӦڴС֣ס
ּ³֮ʱȻһӰǰԺûһ£һ˱Ѿĳȥˡ
١
ϣװ³˿̧ͷɫа⡣
ߣȥ顣


103 
³µ˺ܿӦһ, ȡ¯֤ݡ
ˣô죿
³Ϊأһ, ˵ûһֶκҲǶϲ֮£˶, ʵ֮ǰŵأ
Ⱥ򡣡
н֮ҳȥ
ǣҲ, ӵ߿治ٶڸ
ζˣû㣬һ治֪Ӧԡ
, ˶жӦġҴ̫ӵۣ¡
Ȱ°ɡ³˵Ļ
ǣ
³֮ǰۺңĮ, 뿪ˡ
-
ʱȥڻ
ˣҽȥʱ, һֱû, ūŷȥ, ƺ˵Ĵִ
Цһأܴˣ
ڣ׼, ܴϾ͵
, ȥǵ³ˣڸЩʲô
ԭճϳ³լ, ȷȥ˺, ظ, ֪ĬãԭָǳԼ취, ˭֪Ҫٳ֣ҲգƷ֮¾ǰҲʵڵȲˡȥһ£ֳžУԺҲ֪һʱһͬǰ

Ǻһ᷿ܿȻһ
Ѿſڵˣͨ졣һ񣬳ϱ͵ƿ˴š
ҵĸ죡Ǹ˷ϣ
ǳһõĴʣ͵һ̷ӡһһŮӰصŽһ߿磬Ƕ֪˭Ҳʹ󾢣ֻΪ˰һĻ¶ǰ˶ǺԺˣĴ³šǡá߷һĺ

ӺܵʿߵſڣϷһţѵȺǰȥ
ϧǣ룬ŮӻԲѣ˼ˣ̹ǰˣ£ʲôҲûɣ
³㣿
ڳе˶ˣ˲ˣոһ˿½Щңϵȹȴȷõġ
ô㣿ŭɶ
ˡ£ֻ·λԲѣǰȣ
һɺԣҷŷ洫ԻǰĺȻŭɶεָŵˡ
˻ûǰʱͷƮƮһ
˺£˵³㣬վԺ⣬ҲվλԺͬţ鵭Ȼа⡣˼ĻͷһĻϵɫνʼˡ
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ѪģٳһŽϽ˷סˡ
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ޣ˭ǮٰҲɵɰɣûǸƻŮôܸɳģ
ѿŭɶ˿ﵲǰĵҽ㣬ڿǴɲأԴǵһţŮʲôȫ˶֪Ҫ֪㣬ѿѿһھʱûѰڵǹûʡ㷽˵£³
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ˡǶϢֵȻû˵⿪Ԫϰһֽ£ˡ
ô£
Ҳ֪ѽֻܵȳͨ͢£ͷȴ£ɣЩɵԽҲˣƻʵͿˣŶˣһͬĻǸռҡ
ռң³Խʧɫ
ԣ֪һһռ˭أⰸӲСǣ浽˺öԱ̫죬Ҫ¿
³ͷû˵תͳԼߣ˻СİˣԷں溰⣡
ˣ
³ԽͷҲء


105 龪һ
³ԽǺ, ӿİȴԽԽ࣬³ԽϵļȺ³Ժſʱ, ǰΧ۵ȴǶࡣ
Ⱥпƴ֣³Խߵߣڣ˷ܵĵҾҪˣ
³Խһ˿ȣģ
ȻָָǱ, üԱͬѿ˵ʲô, ѿ飬ӦòʲôϢ
ٱߺ, ѿæ˵, ڹٸ˵ȥ, Ҫȥɣ
³̫̫æúúãȥ
³ȫſѿһͷ
³Խſڽ, ǰο, ҽڽ˵һЩ, ҾӦܻˡ
³̫̫æס˵

ѿ, ΧˣƿֵĽУ׷ӵѿԽԽţһֱͣ£ȴҲ˼㡣
, ˡ
ѿƿ׼³, ׼, ƿӵһ̣ȴԭء
ӳģʲôΣһլԺڻʳǱϡһλ̫Цӭˣ³湧ʱˡ
ѿ񣬺ðζûӦɵ㶵ĸ̫ߣ̤żͿ³˳
ѿѿ
ѿ۾һɣ
ŶԷȥս˫֣ѿѿˡ
ɣ⾿ô£ѿ켱ˣΧҲȫĬȥɰѿѿ𼱣ҽϸϸ˵

ѿլ³һʱҲǰ
ԡǱһףŵʡ
³ͷǰұǴ̫ݺһ£ҽǰ˵˸֮ԭҳ£û뵽ǻҲõ˶˵ĶԻնףȻ˽¶һ
µʱʣһܲ鳼һæĻҲңȻæӦ¡˵жܻҵļܵЩǣҵʱʹܷҰջؼͬ˽ɱȴϷҪȫףҵʱֽĻҲ˵ĻɣҲֻܴͷˣǶˡ
ѿ۾ˣɼЩĵ£³״æӵ뻳ȥˣѿѿȥˡ
ѿܻؼ𣿡
³ҡҡͷ»üգڻڴ˰ƺһЩ£Ѿ֪࣬ȥ֮ңǱġ

³㿴ѿֹæʵôˣ
ѿֻðӼз¶³㣬˵ﲡˣ³Ĭá
Լˡ
Ҳô˵ܶǴ壬Ҳɼ
³̾
ãʱˣ³Ľߡ
ȥֳɩɩǣΪҵġ
ѿͷڼе㣬ɡ
-
ѿȥ·ϣľѺʱȫͬȲĻص˼УȻ³ȫ˼ˡ
³̫̫˵֮˺þá

عȻϲʤȫõɫҲڳϲ⣺ǡɺʱܻ
ˣ˵ҪǱƺ󣬳еҲֻ˵Ƿģգͻˡ
úúá³̫̫ȻʹӴȷһ飺ô˵ҵûˣ
ûѿЦŵ³̫̫ȻЦˣûˡûˡ
죬³̫̫ҪµأհҲܵǰʣ̣㲡ˣ
ӴιҵĹǣ̺ˣ׵ĺˣ³̫̫ѼСúȫ˹椿ĵĺ̫̣Һѽѽ
úúãˣ
³̫̫˲ָ˹Ҳоˣ˵Ҳˣ˵أżӾ͸¸תȦ˶һЦ³Ͽյɢˡ
-
֮͢˸ʾ¹֮ڣһʱ䣬ĴСﶼڷ׷۴£ͬʱһʥּҲ̫ܹܣ͵³ҡ
˻ʵگԻ˴μ鳼Ժ³㹦ûƷأФ޹ղɶ־ǲ³ΪһְƷĸ³ϷˣзƷھˣմˡ
ʥּνǾһöը³ҵԺӡ
³㲻û¶һˣˣԼ˸ھ
ȫַˣ³ҵҲˣ³̫̫ڵ˰ΣѿЦС
ƸЦǰϷˣּɡ
³̫̫ŻعæϹϾǰ񸾡ּ
ƸЦŰʥּݵ³̫̫ϣЦŵΡľˣھķͣһ³˸׬ģأҲʥζĲϿҪˡ
³ֻ̫̫˵ĨᣬʲôҲ˵Ƹּ׼ˣλͣ³ԺƬӦҲͻˡ
³Խͣл³̫̫һֿЦû侲
ֱֹƬ̣һͣ³ҴԺſڡ
³ˡ

³һ³㾶ֱ³̫̫ˣ³̫̫ҲҲֹסȥҵĶ
Ժ￴һĻˣûһǲжģ׷׶ۣ³ͷҲᡣ
ӲТﵣˡ
öӣûУûУҵĶҪȥµˣû£û¡
³򶶶ĸԺﻺá³侲һЩھ֮λĸ׿ɸˣ
³̫̫ˣⱲҲûô˵ʱ
ĶдϢдϢˣ
˾ͺã˼ҹ룬ǲֲΪһ󵱸ϣΪĸһٹ⣡
³̫̫Ĩ˰ۣ֪ˣʲô֪ˣӽֻƽƽģʲôҲˡ
³㣺оգѾƽȹˣġ
˵꣬³ֿԺе³Խ³ԽĬĬĳ΢Ц³ǰҲһ
ܡ
ţ³ɺΤϡ
γ£λΪұߣʵΪʵǡ³һʡ
³Խܲ˵һˡ
³ɣǰܣ֮ǰ£ҲΪ˲٣ֵܾǻﻥһ
ɡ
³㻺˻˿³ԺҲӿ˲ˣпֵģҲбʾףصġĳ³̫̫һ뵽˵оʱĳһѾ࣬ʱ˷ҲĿ³̫̫Ժӣӣϻŵʥ״͵ʥּȻãݶϣֵˡ
ϻԲݵĻǶ˹Цź̫ˣ龪һתΣΪ
ЦûΣ᲻˵
ԶԶԣûΣҪ˵Ǵ
³̫̫ĵҲЦˣԶԶԣ
ɩɩɻԵԵʱûűˣһ°ɣϲ£
ǰھˣ
³̫̫Ц춼ϲ£ˣɣ³΢Цͷ
³̫̫ãǽͷţŴģɰ̣


106 Ŵ
ɢ³һյ, ͬʱҲ³СԺڷ꣬ٵ˶, Ȼ˵βϯҲϲ£³̫̫ϱЩǺˮÿŵ˶
ƻʱһӵĲ, ҹ
³ϲİ˱Ѽ, ӷһֻ׼õѼӣ, ³һ, һݲ, ̾լԺǼգĵȻÿնľˣĻǶɩա
ЦʳľкܴĹϵ, ڼгԷԵڡ
³Цˣɩ˵е뵽ǰѧ֮ʱ, ɩǻ͸, ʱѧԺ, Ե֮㳢˼ζ
˵£ʣܣʵҺ磬ҲĥЩհȥѧõ飬, ѧĺܲ𣿡
һ߳Էհ˵Լ, ˲ֱͦС塣
³㿴հ, ЦЦǻãֻǿ϶Ȳϼûû֪ǵСհԲԵࡣ
ܣհһӾֱͦ塣
Ҫ忴룡
Сһı鶺Цдˣ³̫̫ЦӣȥѧʱҲʮüˣŶܷģ
հԣͿԼ~~
ﲻ˵³Խ˵㡣
̧۽εεĵһۣհЦˣӦҰɡ
ȫ˹ЦɵСӣǲ
ʲô˼
˸ֻЦ˵ˣհѾҲʲô׷ҡͷ

һ³ڶ˯һþ
ڿϣ³ԽҲ˸ɣ˵ģհô룿
³ԽֽǾãҪôǵĻ̫æ룬հȥ϶Ĳ°ɣҪھլӣ㻹Ҫĥֵ꣬Щд㡣
һǰܳ£ұˣˣ˵ǲǺ֣
³ԽЦˣʲôֵģ뿪ȥӡ
ҲЦˣǺãʵ֮ǰǼһĿǱߵģǺر񡣡
³Խ˻䣬ȷǼ˵ԲݸտʼʱҲǿԲٽŵĵƣ￴ϵǼ䲻λûǲ֣͵Ķ
³ԽõĻ䣺ҪϲȥûĻͰ
𴽣á
³ȥ굽꣬ȷҲǾ˲ٵķˣҲܾûоúõ˵һ˯ø

һ磬Ǳѵġ֪ʲôĵ飬һڴ⺰ϰԵĳһ³ԽѾˡ
͵գ³ԽǻһǵΪ쵽СˡЩ꣬³ԽǵñԼ³ԽŸմ򿪷ţ͸椾ʹ˽
쿴
ԭǸ椽ʹѾһŲɻȥˣһҹ֮ӻˣպģժһʵӻ׸ЦеʣרŸժѽ
СæͷŮһڣԣСް
С椿ļˣһߵĸȴˣɶ
ѽЦŲ˵ˣ˺ü飬ﲻ˵ſϴյǰʣһߵ³ԽȥˣѸһ᣺Է
ߣƫģ
һЦ˳Сࡣ
ࣿ
һ¾ͱ죺ҲҪ࣡ҲҪ
ҪЦջ⻰ӣ³Խ䲻˾䣺ʲôãģǱƷÿ춼Ҫ
ôһ壬ȻͿˣãҪ࣡Ҫ
̲סЦˣ͵͵һ³ԽȻ⣺ôûȥѧã
һ죡֪
˵ͷڼԹԵŶһҪ͵ȥ
ǣҲҪȥ
˵УͼСһۿͰ͵ĿһܾĻ˵ˡ
Щ꣬ǵĻͦٵģΪ³Խ̫æ³Խԥһ£ͷյȷԴǡ
Ү

ӵĻǵһס³Խ˵ǵԴ׼ۣ׼ﱧ
һӦǸǹ߻Եģǵ~
³ԽһŮǱģһ˿Цεĵ˵ͷ
-
緹³ԽŶŮϽȥˣˡ
³̫̫Ӧһ·Щ
³ҲЦɩһҡ
ʥ˸³壬úõˣ³ձȫסڼУ
³Խĵ˽֣հΪȥѧãĴһ˳ΣϸӣһҪĵģ
ͷСظϣ
ӵͷ
ʱĺѾ࣬ۺʱô֣³Խͣϵطһڣţ䡣
峿Ľ߳ʳ̯ۻңڵİӡҽиըӡǸ͸椵ɫϸƳһ¹ըģȫСӶϲڼҳԹ緹͸椼ӺŲţһ֮˲Ÿ˵ؽ˹
ϲųԣһһεģĸԴ࣬ͣ
ԭΪͣһˣû߼
һŴΡԲҲΣֻǶʱһۼգεζҪڴʯﷴңŴβ۵ҵλĵĵطƿģһǽǷۣСӵĶط
̰ԵСŲˣ³ԽεҡͷһҲθˡ³Խ˵ľǮݡ
ллͬҲһЦл~
³ԽЩȴҲ˿˿ġ
ò׹һ·һڵšᣬӿɳײˣͺͱһ֮Ҫȥ³ԽѶӱȻȥ￴Ҫ
ԭϻ˿еǼӻڹǽ࿴رĶ࣬״ʱЩˡ
³Խ侲һЩģߵеУ𼱣һٽȥ̬
³ԽԼ֣ĵĽ˽ȥ֮׼֮ǰһ̬Լʲô㿴û뵽һţµСסˡ
Ӵʲôӣλˣ
ЦıȻõСǱˣǼںŵλԲʱĳĿأ³ԽһۣЦˡ


107 
Ȼ, СҲֱӴ촰˵³ԽҲû, ¿ϲСЦλھķˮ, ҲǶһȦѾҳȥܾˣȴһֱûöܾڵǡ
³Խһ, Ҳˣֱӱе׼ۡС֮, ̾˿
Ҫǰǰ, ۸Ӧǲֵģ, ҲȷûʵԵˡټ, ߽վͺͶλöΣ
³ԽȻ֣ͷС

߳ӵʱ, ﻹЩ㱣һ𣿡
³ԽЦ, һˡ
ǰոԲʱӼ۸̫׼, û뵽³Խڶվͽеȫ̸, ʱﻹò˼, Ȼӵ˵һӡ
ʱķɿ, ﵹҲΪ鷳˶ԱߵС, һĿڳתתŻ˼С
³̫̫˵֮, ҲΪǸˡ
û뵽ǼҵԲҪֵ, ӹĿ졣
Ҳ֧֡
³̫̫ˣʲôҲû, Сһַܶġ˵ʱֻûҲû뵽ô¥ĲˣҪڳ￪һ䡣
ڳ￪;ϾǲһģھֻϣһСľ֪ˡ
ɩգһھվȽŸѿ˵
³ҲͣҲãûʲôġ
ЦǾҪܺ͵õļˡ
ӵܿͶˣȥﱸʱ䣬ҵʱ䶨ǰѾգ˵Ҳûʣ¶á
³ڼЪϢ֮ҲҪٴң֮ǰȫһ˸Բ³㶼û뵽ǣȻӣͣ³ſڣһĿ
³֮ǰİҲ˽ۡѹա̰ƣȥλţŮūꡣռҵĴȻûôأҲǰ˹ְɳͽ䡣ӻ漰δѣҶѺ֮Уȴ䡣
³Ҵǰլӵûй黹Ϊʥʹһʳĸ
³뿪֮ǰվԺſ˵𣺡λȥ޷粨ҺѿѿὫʰãʱӼǹȥס
ѿҲס߳εլִֿһҪ
³̫̫ЦˣȥȹһӾȥ
ǵ

ӻعƽ
Դ³ҵΣԲݵĻǸ˸ɾĻ˵ǣڶ׳־޲ðѾķҲǿģɣ
һֱЦôף
ɩӱţҾһ졣
һ߲ŪһЦҲûٴˡҲǣǰҲô벻Ҳ
³ԽǱִһϢǱǳ͢ʤ̣̿Իعˡ
ºܿʹ˾ǵÿһ䣬ˣ͢Ϊ˼ν³ҵĹףŵ³̣֪Ҳ˰Ρ
³ԽɫȻҲɣˣûҪ
֪ԼĴ㣬³ԽУһͳ̸͢飿
³Խһ˿Цﶮҡ
ҲͦģĹ鿪ģζ³ԽҪæµ֮У³̫̫֪Ϣ֮󣬸˼
ˣ
СҲΧ˹Ȼ֪ʲôֻǸŵ
³ԽЦЦ༸ӵͷժӣȥ԰ɡ
̫
³̫̫һЦ͹ǰɣȺɽȥժȥ
ںǵУȷˡ³ԽÿɽܴһЩЩϲĶɽˮҰûпֵʱ򣬺Ǽһѷӿ
հϴһù³Խ
ѾʮֵĶµհæͷȥ
ڳæ˻ѾԹˣĹаõ׼÷ڵһ뼦³Խȡ
ũҷ׷ʱһ׽СӶϲȣ׺ϡһȴ˴׵㡣̵忪ɢļҺ³Խϲ̺ǣġͼӵģǣţ飬ģ˻۵ļһڣĶůȻ캢Ҳϲ˶죬ǸһҪ١
Ҳüļ࣬Ҳ
˵⼦ҲĶΤϡΤһļͦãԭüֻµĸԭÿ춼µÿ춼ˣ
Τÿļ³Ҳ£һѼļȦȫһ飬ԭ˺üˣ³Խ˵¡
ɩҵļͦõģмǷˣ򡣡
³ԽﴽǷƹ㰲š
ЦЦȥΤˡ
˭֪ΤһЦӦˣҲĴˣ˵ܵ˵ģ
˵΢΢ۡ
ΤϾȣǣ㲻֪
æܻȥȥˣ³ԽֻЦԸУֻһ䡣
һɿ֡
ҲûôСأһֻΪ˷ݺá
³Խæ˵ĶԣҲá
⻰͸Եƫ̲סס֡
Ϧˣȥɣ
³Խ΢΢ۣܳ
кӣﵥദʱȷǶ̣Щᶼȡģû뵽ȻԸȥ
³ԽγĬû˵ﲻˡ
ѽ
³ԽȻͷߡ
ˣ
³ԽͷһЦϾȥ̵飬ר㣡
һЦˡ
ɵɵ


108 Բҹ
Ϧ, ɽڡգеĹҶ͵ƣǵĴС, Ǻӱ, ȵ֮, ǽеȺȵȻȡ񻰵֣޽Ϧرߣǰսɣ˾һʱľ㣬ڶŮ涨Ļᡣ
ЩͷϼѵˣܿȵűϰС̯ʲôأͬԸơʻӡɶԵ, ֮һðĶޱȵܵӭ֮ǰƼ, Ҳȥո׬һ, Цԡ
³Խǵһȥʱ³ԽˡԲݵ˶塣
ɩӿȥ췹ݲòģ
ԣԽúȥ棡
Цŵ, ժΧȹ, ³Խһͬˡ
ﻹżļӣ³ԽѾ˵ˣõġ
ͷЦʣôоڴ
³Խϣһ, ˶֪źá
̲ס컬ࡣ
⼸꣬˵ȷԼĵʱ䡣Ǹʱ³ԽӾһ·䵽Ϧ, ʱ䣬Ҳȥ
ϦرкܶɵĹ, ν, Ϧ, ŮǻۼһСϷ
ж´ģڲ豭ͶģбȽġŮһ𣬻Цﲻϴʱʱ˻ˣˣ
³ԽҪҪȥ
ЦǶǹģֲСˡ
³Խս˵˾ʲô۲ˮĵһۣ֮ƺˮòȥǵúü·СĿƵƵ
ﻹûȥɣǺ³ԽһͬȵţѾܶˣŮвŶϹͬģ￴˺üۣ³Խͼ˲֪ϷƵͳһﾪʲôʱģ
ղǺ«ʱ򡣡
³ԽЩֺðĿһʵġ
ûסһЦ˳
ٽʵҲһ𣿲ȥ򣿡
³ԽЩίˡ
ЦĸǿģĬĬ߶һɵӣ׻ǽ˹аɣһҡ
³ԽͷȻ߱ϵ˶٣ֵһ£һû򵶡
򵶣
Ҳ˳߿ȥŷԱߵ˶ÿ̵˵֣Цˣ³ԽҴææıӰҲһů
һµļ֤£³ԽҲȵϹҺͬ
ɫȥ֮¸պã³ԽϦɢ·ʲôʳģ³ԽҲһݶֻǺӱ߲ľ࣬ʱʱĻó档
³Խȡó࣬ͶͿЩЦ׼ȫ³ԽеһЦһֱš
ϸ룬պûôó涣ҧĿһ³Խ˼֣ôôã
³ԽҲһ̧
ͷ
ɫã˵λŶ֮£Χûˣڵͷ첲Ϳҩ֫ͱһ˫סͱ˻ȵĴ֮䡣
һĵסϵΧһɵɴֻ½½ˮ´Ŵصĺ
ȥ·ϣջ˵¶ȣһԺεһСǱȫ
ôŻѽ
ôˣ
հۼķĲԾ۲ˮĵһ³ԽУǳˡ
һһ͵ȥԺö
³Խ׼ͳһӹ𻨸⣺ȥ԰ɡ
ǼгԵģ˲ͽ¶׵Ժˣ³̫̫Ǻüۡ
ˣЪȥɡ
Ƕһе³ԽЩ˼ǽȥˣҲϢ
³̫̫һ˳ʹѾҲߡԭǶȥˣǱߣ³ҲѵõΤϳš
ΤһʼŤˣԼ˺һŻ˹
˵ǼǲûкʹһϽȥˣǰЩ⣬ûʱΤϽ֣ż˹ڣҲֻǶЩ˻ȥ
յѵãƽ͵ĹһϣϵǮֻ࣬ΤϺŮһֻͨĻƣΤȴϲĺܣһ·
ʱˣ˲ߡ
ΤħʱʱͲԼҵļȿߵſʱ³ɳһ·Ļ̲ס˵ˣ
Τϻͷ
զ
һʱǿɣҪۻҵġ
Τһ㶣˹⣺ģһ
³ЦЦš
ǰܾӦڼչ˺ӣҴˣܸɣһҾȥܿطȥҲһ;ǵķݶ̸⣬רŸṩ
ΤϿܾãһЦá
³ǱߣԴְ֮ȴǰæµ࣬ջǰֵؼѿڻȥ·һһʻѿڼе³˵˲֪Ļ
³ҵԷ޶ԣǶ³ѿ˵յشԺеĻ¾ĿϣҵʾµĿʼѿȻɡ
ţ
ǽ԰ɡ
³㿴⻹ǳɻôѿһߺ³ļϣ֯Ůıӣһͳأ
³ȻЦˣȻҲԸⵢһѽİӱ˷С

ʮ廨Բһһ磬Բݵķֵ꣬ʽҵˡ
ﾫ׼˿£еһжѱסںԱߵԲݾķչ
һɵĴ¥ǳŵ䣬ԲݵʼģҲ֪ɻװ޷ҲΪƣһʱ³ˣԲݺЩϵˣеǻ
ɩӣ㻹ǵǵһ쿪ҵʱ򣬳ʳɶ𣿡
㳶ɤЦʡ
ЦզǵãˣںԺأ
ϣ
˵˸лͰʦǣǰձ㽫յıϣʵСؾǺܶھݶ֪ط
һ峺һޣԲݷֵ꣬ʽҵˣ
Щ˵˼ڿ˳׷׼æһζһֱڳﲻ֪ԲݵģҲſڵĳǰո֡
Сղ
Щ꣬ԲݵѧͽѾ˺üգﻹԲٵʦߣһʱ䣬ƲһһˣúЩĽˣûʧ
쵽磬³ѿҲһˡ
쿴ǲ³𣿣Ϊǰһ˶ϵ³㣬ֱԲݣָһµĿˡ
ɩ
³ţЦź󣬵Ǳ˶ˣһʱ׷׾ȣⷹݾȻ³ҵģ棬СС¥˲ͱˡ
ЦմܵĹˡ
³㣺ҪǶɩպãҲûôӡ
³β£ǵȷΪĺ£ǰǻΪ̼ôķ㣬ûѹ֬飬³λ֮󣬽ΧĴСȫһ飬ץ˺ЩصĴ㣬ҲľӪ̵̷ı˲ٵĸǶ˳ޡ
֪³ҵķݿҵȻ쵽δʱԲݵ˻ﲻôҲû뵽ôˣһ߲һæµѿҲæԲһֽ࣬һ㶼
³а壬һҪԲæ֮ٷؼԲ
Բһգȥֶһҵ꣬ǳŲδʱվɸ˺Ƕһݣշ꣬³Խˡ
Խˣ
ſ˺תͷ³ԽҲæջغǸҷһʱ򣬶ӵʱڸͻȻࡣ˻Ǻɫȴȵģ¶һЦᡣ
Ҳæˣǰ㣬ȥԺϴϴ¥ϣһһؼң
³ԽӹЦŵ˵ͷȥ˺ԺЩʳƼһĻЦڲ²ƹǷδл䣬ڵġ
һ󾪣æ˳ӣЦҡҡͷ˾ЦС
ŵ˵ͷЩ˵ȷҲ˵˵ܿЦżȾƳ⣬ߵ˺Ժݸ³ԽһԲȳԵ㣬ӡ
ԲԴһ
µϣ̵ƣⷨʵҲԴ֮ǰӺȻ˳³еģ³ҶܳڳԵһֱʱͷ⹬ֱϺ̵ƴζΪյڽԲҲһ¡
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ѵưɹԺԲУԲƤѼ㣬Ҳţ飬壬ڸҲŵƵɳУ˻ζ
ȫȳ˼ԲȻ׼ؼˡ
³̫̫ѾڼеˣҲȲˣΤԺˣɱ̼ëۼĸһͳ˳ȥˣ
⺢ӣԶģ³̫̫һһЦҲˣһӷסĲԶǶѾɼҵ߶ҲǾġ

ˣЪŰɡ
ѿߵ³̫̫߸æҲʼ׼æԲˣɽָһззĹͽ³Խϡ
ûһϺͶŹҲˡ
ѽҲˣ
ϣＱæĸﻹżհи椣Ӻþûʯͷ˾ˣ˷ܵС졣ʯͷƲЦԴŹ⣬Ȼݸ˸һӣѺһֻҰá
ʯͷץģ˵Ҫ椸أһЦ
͸椿ļˣллʯͷ˾ˣ
ֻӿë׵ģûҪɱ˳ԣʯͷ͸Ȼ椿֮۾ˣܵ³ԽȥСһҡ
³ԽŮӦ۱ͷã椵š

³ԽЦЦһͷͿԪĿȱϲͣӣ໵ֱУ³Խη֪ˣҲµģ˰ɣ
⻰Ԫצӣ뿪ˡ
Ժ˵ЦֹһʱԲҲ׼Ĳˣ³ԽְϤĴԲȫ˶ΧԺ
ȻȱϯҹĻ٣һԲĵľ
Զǵһֵģ³̫̫˵ˣСӻҪǸ̵ĺ֣ȫһȥҲִԲȫڴʱٱһףԲ
ɱ
ԲҲһӣ³̫̫ЦǺǵվ˵˼䣺ǸӰأһԲʱȫҶڣһҲ١
ΰķֿ˷ֵ꣬һֵף£
Ǵ׼ˣ
³⾪ȵĿ³ɣ磬ʲôʱ£
³ɺٺЦ֮ǰ뷨ڲŸոܿʼѰٵط
ãǶ֪ѿҲЦ˵
Τæһֱ׼ֻûһƲء
³̫̫ҲЦǺǵģԶԶԣôãأǼȻ˵࣬ҲƽȹˣʼӣԳԳԡ
˵Īзһֱģһ裬ζģˣǶ˿ӼСҲŷ׷׿ʼһֻ³ҵļҽһ򶼺ܺá
ѿȴûã³̫̫˾䣺ϱզԣ
ѿû˵³Ц˵ϲ£ٲһ
ȫ˵Ķһ٣
Ǿǡ³ȿѿӶһЦҺѿѿҲԼĺӣԽԲȫҶˡ

³Ļȫ˶ˣ³̫̫ϲòезӵˣʲôʱ£ɣô˵
˷׷³ѿ֪Ȼشһˣ³Ҳ͸һ£˹̫ҽġ
ðð³ּ̫̫ˣŴ˵á󷿺ͶҲס³ԽʾŹϲ
ôĻѮϵģ³̫̫Ȼ˼ˣӡ
ѿ³ֶһۣȻʮֲ˼
һ죬̫ˡ
С֮ҲӦ˹˵ģĪڸ椣һҪезɳȥĺҲҪеܵܺڲС
椵ĻȫҶùЦ³̫̫Цᶼˣҵɵ椣ǰѹ
ѿεЦǣһͷˣ椻Ҫܵá³Ц˵ĶԣŬ
ѿʱ͵͵һȭǰ˵ʲôء
³ֵ̫̫òУɵ椣Сʲôãѽ
룬ͷҲ۸ǰ۸ˣеʲôʱ򶼲䡣
ķĻﶼԼŮЦٿ³Խϸ׵绯ˣŹŮôôϡ
һԲ³ÿ϶ЦеϲԲ˵
ԲͶնҲһԼķԵĿģԺӵĻƳγεϹɫ¾ţֵ߲˺ˮðͷĵǵĲߢ
ڣԲĽգǷյĽա
һССԲ˼ÿ¶ԲҲÿ궼У˵ʱȴֵԶϧ
ڷϾĿž˾˾ĸɷͶŮŻɩǣʮԼȻ³Խ֪ʱס֣ͷһۣ³ԽҲЦЦ
ԲҹԲʱ
³ҵҸҲվȥ


109 ⣨һ
һ
, һũæһǶݵĽžϢ㾫, ׼
ﵽĸҵĵһ, ʮ˾˶ŹóصĺþƣСһ굽îʱ, ڶһ˶κģʱҲѾʱ
ԺﻹǾĵ, æȥԺȦѼȦļѾųֱлˡ
ϽȰȺڸιˣϾÿվָ⼸ֻĸµʳڼȦ, ֻһѷȫӿ˹һǶˡѼȦǱҲ, ȫϸĵιһ飬ȻżЩ, ˮȥˡ
һҪԽӣʱѾϰ˲٣, к;²˼ũϣϳ֮ʣµӷźͷ, , ¹һ, 緹Ըպá
պˮ˽ӣˡ
˵˯һһôֿʼæˡϼְеĻˣʵ
ЦûѽĸҲ˯ˣɻɡ
Ц㰡̫ڿˣԺȥ³ңɱʲôŸɣ֪𣿡
ЦЦû˵ʲôϾ֪ûȥҲ˵ˣŹҲˣȫԺ˸緹
һϽȥĸ극Ȼ
Ͻ֣ʲôȥǳһ
֮ͣǰЩӣȥˣһԷ֮ǰġ
֪˼࣬Ҳסģ˵ͷУԸŪĻŪɣһ·٣ˣҲûţˡ
æͷ
ȫ˳緹֮ӣȾõӣ֮ǰȥЩֻһ֣ҪһЩﾫ׼׼ȵ컹ȥġ
һѿԼСӣ׼ˡ
ԭΪսǵ˲࣬û뵽ڴͿ˺üˣоϡ
ƼҲͦȵģզҪȥˣ
Щ˼Ϊ˵޵ĹﶼǴŲŲֻũûôĽΪҪݲţԼ
ˣ㻹֪ˣҾǸģɶ갡ڰⶼûǮҪã飡һȥ
Ȼæãһ˵ĻҲ΢еµġ
ţһˣЩĴ帾Щָ֪³ҵľͿʼˣӣ˵Ӧ޵³ȥˣզģ
û⻰˼Ҳֻǿ˲أǸŮץһѹӣһ߿һߵ³϶ɲզã˭˵ףզ
ޣ
⸾Ůͷⲻ֪˵׵˾һţһð˻𣬺˻ȥզס˼³ÿǽ˼³զͲˣ
Ӵ
ȥ㲻֪֮ǰ˵ǿ޵ģ
ĲУƨһǹ֮ǰͲһˣûɣզģΪˣ˼ŲУ
ôɶ˼³ҵﰡŮҪ޹ȥ
ϰһǰŮ¾˵ģզˣ㲻
ǸŮһ˵£ּ֮ûʲôӦ㲻ǻˣŤһߺŮģϺݺݵͶȥһ۵ҡҡͷұ㶼˵ˡ
ţ˻Ҳǹ겻ݵļ죬ڵ˳ʱ϶пˡٿɫҲãϳǸҲԹ˼䡣
ЪЪȰɡ
飬Ҳ˵ͷ
Ӵͷӣ֪ɶأˣ
ͳСˮСͲϵһȵܻ
ϵл˹ˮ˿˿ģȥֻȻ˺ܶ࣬ʣӵɶ
Цûʲôʱժ˵оջһ𰾵ˮ»ġ
Цˣɣ˵Ƕ˯Ǵ󿻣һеϻ𡣡
ͻȥˮȣܼ򵥵ġ
úúãһȥȥ
ϻ˺ðβڻ˹߰ɣǻкһ·
ͷá
ʹﻹǴһģһ·ϣȻ࣬ȴճţӳǽҪţűϻкܶС̯
ﰡղŮ˵ĻɱϣӺ㱣֤³Ҿûдеô³Ҷɡ
ýͣ³ҵദΣͦõġҼȻӦ£ҿ϶֪ЩģЩ˵ĻҲϵġ
ϱЦˣ֪Ǹĵģģ㽫޵³ȥӶ
ЦЦҿ϶
·ŵʱ￴ߵ̶̯ĽһũҸŮСŮ·̯߰ǰľдƣСˡǲСʢģһݲʮģز˸ˣԼĪĲԸԼķθãշˣʣ࿴ۡ
Ŷͷһھڴ˴ˮһЩ˸ɵľ˴ˮĻƣϾЩ׸棬С׬ǮĻˡ
һ·һ·ƣʵЩ˵ͷԣиҵҵͷ·ӡ
ϴﵽһҵ֣վ·һЩȺӵСѽѽȥʡɣϾǴһ٣ҪȺһ
æûϵҾԣĻˡ
ãӽͲˣҪȥץҩȻǵʱ
ãȥæ
ˣʣһӣϵȷûʲôˣԱһЩ֬ˮ۵
ӺͳӣӦǺܶŮӶĵطƺҲΪѡطŮӿ϶࣬Ӻʹʲôĺ
ڽֿվ˺һϵȷûʲôˣżЩ˵ģƼӣҲʡ
Сզһ⡣
ԷǸģЦҲ𣿡
㣬ǳŹ׬Ǯġ
ҲǣӦ
ơ
￴һǸ˵Ĵһװɫġ
Ӳ˿еģԷϴ˸ӣϣ⡣
ѽ幤治ҿö廨ݰģûӵأɫҲÿ治Ǯ
ʮģ쿴ķϣġ
Ů˼ɣҲڽķϣҪһиŮѡһ
ϲæϸѡһǳɫ嶹ޢݺһǳɫž黨ģǸѡ˷ɫϲĸǮҲǻϲȻ׬Ĳܹ࣬Ҳĵһ롣
ڵĵط³ԭһַֻǽ³̵һֵܻкȻм£³Խ˵󣬱㺰˳һ˰æǡþסڸ
ûɶˣԵǺ䡣£³ԽЦ磬ǻأĻô١
˶ް³ԽƺٴѣʵһЩǸո˰궫³Խȣ׸ˡڳˣ³ԽЩͲˡ
ЦɱˣǴһԽŹҰɡ
³ԽЦЦЦģֲš
ͷǵǡ
Ǻ«Ǻ«߹һͷһݰУźЩǺ«³ԽһӾ죬ȥˮĳ
³Խ񣬳ɻǰ˻ΣԽ磿
³ԽŻع񣺡ţ
Ǻ«ҲԣҲȥ
³ԽҡͷȥɣҲҪ
ɻĿһۣ³ԽջߣȻסֵһͷһССĲôеӰȻߡ
³ԽһʼΪԼǿˡ
ɵҪߵʱ³ԽȻֻع㿴Ǳߣ
һ㶣˳߿˹ȥ٣һģļСⰡ
³ԽȷŲԼۻ֮󣬶˵ľù˳Ǻ«¡Ӧʱ³ԽѾ󲽳ȥˡ
аʱһӣҲûһֱǣΧŻתһתû룬תߡһŲʶĻͷ׼ضԷǷҪӣͷʲôûп
³ԽҲ֪ôˣҪͷ˲Ȼһߵͷûˣ֣Ȼ߽³Խߵһ
δɩӰɣ
³ԽһȻһ
ˣҸղŻûϳأѹԽܵô죬ҵǺ«
³ԽȭڴȻһҸæ
һûԽ磡

﷽ȥһٿдӣĺã׼ȥ¸طʱȻ˸ñӣûϳ˵ȥ³̵Ĵ٣Ҳǲסơ
ӣô
һӵĶŮӣһʣһʼЩȣǺܿ췴ӦǸģĵƼ
ҶҪˡ
˭֪ﻹû˵꣬ԷȫҪˡһ㶣
ϱĸҽ㣬Ůжٶͣ⻹ж٣ҶҪˡ
ﾪ˰ΣŵáҾܹˣһȫҪĻ͸ʮİɡ
û˵͸ǮӸã֮ûعȫˣ
ժñӣ磬ɡ
³Խһеӣ᣺Ҿһ㣡ʣµĶ㣡
û¡³ԽֻһɫģЩΪУøܿգҲϣġ
ȻأȻ
ЦŰϵǺ«³ԽԽŰɣһ·򡣡
ãл
Ǳߣ׼ȥϣûȻһۡ
Ѿʱˣ۹ӿڱϵ߷³Խڵ΢Զһٳⲻ֪һתͿվԶ۾΢΢Ŀˡ
˶Ƭ̣³ԽѵõĸоЩա
Ǹ뿪ڽͣǱ׾ģʲôҲ˵
Ҳģϵϣ³ԽӦϽһأϧѾˡ
һ˿Ц⣬ȻʲôûסͷЦЦҲһ˿졣
һЦ³ԽĽҲһ룬Ҳˣӱ˳
ôֵģ³ԽЩ档
ָָ£³ԽˣӰӡ
ЦˣԵĿ佱һ䡣ƺһ䣬û˵תߣ³Խæϡ
˾ôһǰһߵԼõĵطûߵ˼Щˡ
㡢Ҹ
³Խһ㶣ҡһˣġ
ֱȥˣǰŮͲ˼棬ڵˣȫˣͷŽż⣺ҺһǵģϾ͹ˣûʲôɵĵģȥɣ껹Ǵһء
û£￴ҾͷҲȥʡġ
ﾪȵ̧ͷһ³ԽĲģⲻ֪ʱ³СԺ³̫̫Ѿһˡ
ﻹ˵ʲôԶȻϵõ˰ɡ
һϽͷ³Խ߰ɣһᱻˣ
û뵽ǣǶྫԸͺ³Խȫ׺ӣڿ֮Ųһ٣۾һתզˣȻɤӶ˺˾䣺ӴҺȻһҪȥ¶ﰡǲܺһȥˣɰӰͻȥɣ鷳˰

³ԽҲһ˿Ц⣬
µҲû˷ӣֻӲͷƤߡ
³ԽŸߵߣֻҲֻ̫ǰǺ«ݸ԰ɣ㻹ͦϲġ
ʵգ³Խ֮ҪܵôôҲŻǰҲˣԳŹʱȥƣ˭֪Źһϣָ˸Ǻ«
ԭ˼ӣǿһǺ«ǸߣǱ˹С˾лл
ӷŵĽֿڵǽкóһ·Ҳߣ³ԽͳԱߵ̯̿ʲôӵġعϵġзģһݶȴ˶̫죬ס
ô࡭ôԵꣿСԹ
³ԽԲûȥԣġ
СˣҾĸ˿϶ҪʣҪô˵ˣ
³Խһ㶣û뵽ԥһǿİװ׵ķݸûԣԲĸңҳԣ
˲Ļ컰ˣתߣ³Խһ㶣׷ȥ
˺þãϵĺȥҲߵ˺ţʱĺŻûгƬҵ֣³Խ۲˺һƺߵ̯̺ܸȤָָԶһƬյء
Ǳߣ˵ҪˣһƬŵġ
˳ָķһۣ˵ͷջߡ
һ·û˵ʲôȴĪĺгǿǱˣΪûг緹ⷢĺǲְһȥֻǰǵ㣬ںʱδǹ̼ܶҶѡԴγãĶǲһģݼ㣬𴼺
ﲻ֪һֻ³ԽЩȵĿ㲻𣿡
³ԽҡͷԶˣѾߵ˳⣬³Խ۲Զţңȥ⳵
ͷ³Խߺȴһ̯Ӹǰ
³Խղ·ϸ˲ٵĶͳԼ׬ͭǮǼ̯̯һݼܾݴ
ϣ
֮ǰԷʱ㷢֣³Խϲǳ˿ҲҪһ׵ķͣ뵽ǮԼ׬ģҲ̲סȸԾһЦ
̯ƼˣС»ɣſۼˣ


110 ⣨
Ǹһ٩, ɫ˲һ죬æǣ, Ǯ͸æùǸ˵ļתͷߡ
Ҳǰһ, ֽסģһĺǽ, ³ԽǱ߸ոóͿݸһݼȳ԰ɣһ, ǳߡ
³Խֽܳӹ
ſڱҧһڣִıƤŽ㡢ե˺ܾݴζڿɢ, ³ԽʶԼȷЩ, ҧ˼, ￴Եͦģ΢΢һЦ
³ԽȻһ, ʶԼĳЩ³, Щ, ﵹ˿û, ǰûϸ۲³Խĳ, ʵ, ˻ʮӢġͦıεı˶Եʮֵա
Ȼع, , ΢΢ӿ, ղĳĬƬ̣³ԽڽǸ󣬾ǣţ˳˺档
㲻𣿡³Խʡ
ҡͷղųһ׸ˡ
һ׸⻹³Խ׵ģɨϸ֫û˵ʲôˣĬĬջߣʼţ
ţеĺȽһ·ҲûʲôˣӾˮɽ·³Խ죬еĶǴţ
ڳû˵仰ҲǶЩ˼ĽҰԽԽԶѾҪɽˡɽӰԽԽҼһ̴ҲðỤ̋ǹ꣬ݵҲ࣬ȻÿҪһӷˡ
ôҵʱ䣬û𣿡Ȼʵ
³Խû£ûʲôݣҲûʲôˡ
ŶһҲһ
³ԽĻƺһɹ¶׼˵Ժ󲻻ˣ뵽Ƥûпڡ
ǰ¹ѩ˵Ѿͣˣ·ȴǲߣǵɽϣʱЩȥʱͿ˼ѡţߵԽԽԽԽ³ԽʼƵҲûãپһ᫲ƽ·ʱţľƢһͣסˡ
³Խﶼһ㶣ţȻһͣܿƵǰȥֻץסߵˣСɵıӾײ³Խĺϡ
û°ɣ
³Խæͷűҡͷ³ԽһѰãͷֻ΢е죬ûд󰭡
³Խ˿ȥ
ģ˵ͷ
³Խ³ǰţɼٴҲѣţӴҲһЩɶˣʹ
Ҳ˳ߣǲǶˣ
³Խͷпܡ·߶ǹͺͺģûвݿɳԣǲԶﻹЩĹľ³Խû˷ӣţҲ֪ôģûˣֻӣܼߡ
˵ͷɫ磬û¡
³ԽǱߣңϻ
ͷͼ³Խһȥ˹ľһЩ֦ιţǰʳڿƵĸ³Խˡ
Ҳȥ³Խ֦ţƪľԱߣԸˣʱҲֻˡ
ƬľˮİɽΧ˼ҵϡ٣Զˮ羰õϢΣбѩδʱѾˮˡ
վɵҲģ³Խߵһ߿ʼ֦ﻹ֪ʲôһ֮ŷӦ˹
Ҫ𣿡
³Խһ̫ˡ
µģڻ⣬ǻãӶߣ˰أֻѺܿ³ԽϸĵİΧҶȫɨһߣɽ𣬾ǵĻɽǰ³ԽһʯͷȻֲ֪ıһС̺ӣ·ŪˡԼȴȾ£һҲûн⡣
ССĻѺܿůڵϢΧȷЩ䣬ֶˣȴΪССĻѻů̲סڻϺ濾ţ粻ҲС³ԽԲƵļãǵĻǲǵıĳյɽҰΧ쳣İ
Եع𣿡³Խ˳ĬȻʡ
عϣ
š³Խţ淭ع˹ﾪȵĶǲ١
ɽϰˡ
³Խİѵع￪ʼЩֵʣ㾭ɽ𣿡
³ڳӣʵ벻ɽҪʲô³Խһ߰ѵعϰһߵȥǰҲûǮ⣬ɽЩҰζ
ۡ
ڶ棬ԾĻ⣬³ԽݱòôУ㻹ءʵ
ʹɽҰ֮ࡣ
³Խ˵꣬Ȼ˲ԶһƬ«έ«έżҲһЩѰĶ³ԽȻһ¡
³ԽѾԶˡһڻѱϿ𣬲ԶţԵĻ죬֦ѧ³Խڻ﷭Щع϶͸ˡ
ܿ죬³ԽͻˣմһЩ«έҶȴϲõģ̧ͷһϲ֪ʱһֻҰ³Խų򣬺м֮
Ұﾪȼˡ
Ұϲ«έ߸ɲݶץ
û뵽ôץһֻ³ԽҰãҰļȼĸ㣬ȥ֮Сóԡ
۾ĸ󣺡Ǹҵ𣿡
³ԽͷһۣЦЦҼҲȱ
³ԽҰţ󣬽Żص˻ѱߡ
ллʵڲ֪˵ʲôֻел³ԽĴӻǳǼعϣعϵıƤѾ˻ɫһ˺¶Ⱥɫĵعȿ³ԽѵһݸС̡
СĽӹȷЩֻ̣ǴһĻպãȺĵعȿǵعƷ֣΢һڶ۵
ڶûôõˣǺĵģ³ԽԼƼˣȴʶԼ
ҧ˲á
³Խʶͼڵû£˵һԶٶȵȷܿ죬¶ǣһعҲܱĲˡûסЦǰҼͣĺҲô𣿡
³ԽȻһҭ̧ͷ񶼱ЩСȻûУ
˵֮·Ҳ̲סһЦ˳ôŽʲôû˵ʲô
³ԽҲЩȣ̣׾ģҲ˵ʲôһֻǲͣظպãȫҶϲ
Ҳһϲ⣬Щ죬Ҳ֪ߵĻǱ𿾵ģƷеعϣһصĵعϣڶȴο峦θůĵʳССڵĳţҲһ˿⡣
ͷϻţǳԱˣĽ³ԽҲعȫϷָɾ
쵽ʱˣ³ԽȻвᣬҲòϨĻѣ׵ļûл֮ŰѶʰã߰ɣȥ
ͷţ
Ҽһ̴ҲðĴ̣ԼٲȥĻ˾˺;ĸżˡţеĺȣܿͻص˶żҵСԺӡ
ԺﾲĵģӦţ³Խ³Խ֪ټֻһ⣬֮һ¼ˡ
ҽȥˣ³Խɵ㶵վǰ̵˾䣬³Խعҿȥߣ
һ·ǵ˵ͷ·Щ
߽Ժӣͷһۣ³Խûߣ˳ӳĴǿ³ԽڶżԺվ˺һȷѾȥˣת뿪
ڴ߳Ҳһˣȥˣ
˼ĸţ٣һ
Ҿ˵һôģɶɽ
ߣ·ϼģ֪ǲĸԻˡ
ˣãһ϶ã
ЦЦû˵ΧΧȹʼǳһǶ³Ҳȷǿˡ


111 ⣨

Բھ˷ֵ, νһʱ켫ԭĻȫ˾ͽ䣬סھľϵ, Ըģ͵µꡣôһһƥ»ƣҲû뵽, ԲݸտҵûãҪƸˡ
˲֪˼Ƿֵ, ڳǽĲˡƹӸнˮ, ܷ, һʱ׷˲ٵӦƸ, ǰæת
ԲݵĻһʦһյѧͽԼѧͽˡ
Ԫʮ꣬Բݵڶҷֵֹȥʮ꣬ԱߵСҲѾ¥ľ¥, ſڵӭƮţ¥ԻɣʽΪԲ¥ΪԱߵı־Խ
ʱ, ϵ˼, ϸΪ, ֲ, ˷, Ƿ׷߽Բ¥, һλ, Լѣһþơ
׵ǴˣҲԲ¥쵱ƣµѧͽ壬˷ֹȷɡ
ʳʣƹӲڣҿգ
õĻڵǰ磬һ߸λϾһЦ˵ƹһΣտпڸˣƹһ͵
Ӵʲôӣ
ЦƹӽС
ô磿ҼǵƹӺᰡ
ˣǣǼҹӽʮʮľͳͯ´ѧԺһһĳɼã
ô񣡡ʳ͹Ц˼ƹ׼״Ԫˣ
治һЦź˼䡣
УҾ͵ţˣҾҪҵƲˣ
-
յȷСӣϣѧӴ˻˵Цţۼ⣬³հ
ǰ棬˶סŲͷȴһͬ³հЦЦǼܲ߿㣿
ֲ㣬⾩ôһ¥˵϶ھ¥ɣĽ㣬пڸˣ
³հЦЦûϣȷ˵Ҫھ¥ҽӷ磬ʲôĽģǺһȥ
ģͬ۾һ
Ȼһٷѣôã߰ɣ
ҲܳԲ¥Ʋˣߣ
³հ˰㣬ϴȥҼңûд㣿
죡ǷζܲǵӴߣߣԷ
³հͼͬ˵ЦĳԼҷߣһ·ϣǵĽƣߵ̯ɫİԣԽԽŮϽ⣬ƯŮڽֱǻָܵĹעǰѯʵȻҲͶһЩ
ǵΰã˶ƵģۼһָͬŲԶһӵ̯̣³հǲ𣡡
³հѸٳһͿŰ˰ͷ³̯ǰһС
³հһɫԳ첽ǰ
Сãģ
ʮ塣
أ
ʮ
ѶҪˣܱܲ˵
³ּۻ۵û˵꣬ͱһѳס˶ൽһߣ³ɣ㵨ӷˣҵֵϷСˣ
üۻ˲Ǹ˭ʲô˵Ļֱǰ˵磬ôϾˣ˼ܲܲҪôҿǶɵˣӶ˵ظ˼άҾӶĶѣ
㻹˼˵ˣѧɢѧʱܳй䣿
³հһҪϺȻһ˿飺˵˹ǰߣ
ھȥʣ
硪Ǹѽ
³հεĿԼܵҡͷ㰡̫أ
ôأ㿴ҽأ˶أ
³հֺ˵˵ˣôῴģ
ͷһգʲôҲ㣬ģһ˿϶䣬ߣҶӺö
ȵȣȥģ
ȥģͷ⣬Сǰ͸˴к˵һ׼ȱϯھ¥Ĳ㣬ӷأҲڣ
³հһ㶣û뵽˶ҲæϵܵܵĽŲ̶Ⱦˡ
ⲻ֪³̫̫ӼſߣԭǼƻҪʱǰŵģ³̫̫˵Ҫ׼ʱܿһǶӵǰ̺á
ЦãҲ˳˼ҵ˼ſһŮһ߳۽һߵ̣ǿţŲã
ҵĸΣɲȫţķˮǱأ
һ⻰Ĵܵߣޢ껪Ůһ京ŵĻǶ䣬Ц۾˿˿Ĺס̵ĸ첲֪ҺЦģ˵ʲôԣ椶ţ
ѾͷԵۣô𣡡
ѽҸոճԵ۽һˣ˵žͳ³̫̫һֱ³̫̫﷢ĸĸνиͣ
ӳ˳ѾǸˣ޲ĺͷϸ˸Ŀ⣬椿ʱҪ̾µƫ
椣ҴᣬѧסûؼˣҲ֪ܴܲ
Цǰͷİɣ´仯̫ģ϶ܴ
ɲһСӳӣҵհǳʱͷһձһմڣ³̫̫һ߸̾ôģÿػδζһ
ûʱ򣬱Цӵ·ý֮ҲЦǣʱհ࣬ҲǸһʱ
˵ҲþûˣҲûˣ
ˣʱܼ
ˣ
ЦڴȻӸԺӹüһ´˸椵Ľ£ŵø椰ѽһ̧ͷȥЦĿɲ硣
ˣ磡ѽ
ģҲ㣬ҴɽϸŪӣ㲻𣬳
椺һˣ
³˳ҲԼҽãţҸ͹ȥ
˭ûִΤʮĽ³˳Ҹ˵ٱˣϸ


112 ⣨ģ
³˳һ̵Ĵ, Τɨںϡ
ˣˣ
˳һ̵ܵ˸, ̱, Τܻ궼ˣΪ㻹Сһ첻ɽģҲ㣡
СԱ˺ӣ˳ҲǸ, ȫ֪ô, 䣬ΤϾͼæ³̫, ³̫̫Щ, װû
Τһ, ³˳ͳˣ㻹˵¶һû˵أǰŽѧ, ͯҲ, ҳ, Ͻһȥ
ҲѹΤ, ⼸, ȫҼ˳ϲǣɽº͵û⺢ӲҸɵġ˴, ǳе, ɺΤ, ˳Ǽɹ, Ҳת΢, , Ƥӻǰ㣬ӿǳ£ϲɽܡ
³̫̫εҡͷＸ̶˸и⣬˵ɣ⺢ȻҲ棬ǻǷֵεģѧҵȻûհûôٲ⺢Ǽ̳գʲôľرĸȤ
ڵʱȥˣΤ˵ʹԺһ·ϣе˶кҲ֪³ң˶ޡ³˴塢ɽ壬а͵ļƷʲڱҲĺãڵصĴúãھ;ҲܽеϿڱҾ¥רõľǴɼļһҲķᡣ
Ȼ˵ˣ³ͳ͢ǩ˺ԼѾӣҲֹ̣˵³ǰ껹ڳһСͽ³ſ¥¥³Խһݶֺ죬ټҴ¥³ҵ̣˭˲˵һĽڽӭߵʮˣĸ³Ĳҵϵ
³ɸǲض˵̫ӿأ֮꣬Ѿڻվ˽Ÿֻһ˻λ³λٰһƷղ飬ʵϴεլԺɻֺ룬һλ󳼣ͷ޶ɣһŮ顣
ǻ𵱳³ң˭˲̾һ䣿ʱһˣ³Щ߹ĽӡĵΣһ˹ͬܶġ
ﵽ˳ľ¥
ͼ³հſڵˡ
̣
/ӣ³̫̫Ц۽ǵˣǰ͸˴һܱüһˣ
ҲЦŵģҺҵĳЩǸˡ
ĺóԵģҲſϳհ仰ͰﶺˣЦٸЩɺã
ã
̺ãã³հԱߵļͬҲòĺˡ
ǽմ䷹ģ
³̫̫ﶼЦˣƽǵչˣ
һ˵Ц¥ͱˣһӣҲѾ³հһ
Ҳ̫˰ɣ
Ϲ˶߰˸ˣ³հͬҲĿɿڴЦҲǹΪ㣬ʹǶ൱Բ
Ҳ
ţ֪С˵һҪĴܴ𣿡
³հЦЦû˵ԱߵͬЦС³հ϶û⣬ͷһٸģǷӶ˵ˣȫԸ׼ԾУ
ϸֳϲɫհզû˵
ǽû֮ǰҲ֪ġȵʱ˵ɡ
³̫̫٣Сӣˣɶû϶У
³հЦЦرȵĿ̶̣֪ˣһ
̵Ĺ
ȥ
ˣ
ġ
һ֣Բ¥
٣ƹˣƲˣ
ûʱˣҶȣҶӻˣ
ÿϤʳʹк˵³ҵĹӻˣҲʾ⡣
Уǿɵƹӵˣ
Цŵû⣬˳ΧΧȹгʦЦźк㿪ʼ׼ˡ
Ǳ߸պʵһŸһԲ¥ϵƲˡ¯
òľ򣬵ȴǱ£⴦ɾ֮򵥵ˮˮɰ˷죬ȻѸٵ𣬷ˮи⽵£֮гС顣
͹ը꣬ըɽƱ̳һߣ¼ͽƬлһҪȼɽɫɫļͣӵУתС𡣵һ꣬ô׺ͻƾƵһƴ֭֭Ҳ̹üͳʦóķӣӽ⵹ڹУõľƴ֭ʹӵΧĵȥֺü룬⿷;ҪˮҴζѾֻ´㡣Ϊˮ⿣ζȫ̶ȵŨһ𣬳ǰϷȦըõͷԳװ̡
ʱרע棬ոպðЩȫã׼ժΧȹϴʱ󱳺ȻʹϤ¶ȺϢ
ﲻûͷҲ֪˭ԾĹ˴ͷҲصĵҲЦ㣿
¡³ԽȻ˫ƹȥðϵͷøͷ棬Цɶ
㣡
ֱ׽Ūĸоĵһۣʮȥˣĸģ³ԽҲԽӳأ֮罺ȴ·ˮҲòȥһｿεεĵ³ԽֻЦ
³ԽͷˣûԷǲǣ
ˣֶˡ
˵̲Ҫ³ԽȥǱϾǺüҵÿ쵽һ飬ҲЩܲסģæͲ緹ֻҪ³Խţһһݷװãϻټ顣
򿪷УȷʵˣһһȥͶӳԺõģͷˡ
˶ˣ
ӦǸյܣ֪û
³Խͷȥ̫æˣ׼̫ࡣ
֪ǴǰõģûʲôϾǶӵĴ£İɣ
³Խգǳ磬ôȥˣĪ˵䵭Ҳûеġ֪³Խӵģ˭˵һĽ
³Խ¥ȥˣ¯ֳ֮ϲԵֲˣ¥ҲʣµȲ˶ˡ
Ŵ򿪣һӵ˶ˣ³ѿһߣհڸԼ˵д£³һһͷհ˵ˣЦŵ˵ͷԲ
պ⻰ŷϲãܣģ
ɩ
³ЦźһͷȻģհ£ȷ͵Ĳɣ֮ûʲô⡣
³̫̫ԹЦҵӣҲ³ԽһۣЦˡ
³հл壬ҲƽնҵĽ̻壡
⻰˵Ĳ٣³հɺ󣬵³ؼңǱȻҪָһȽĻࡣ
ҲԼ̿飬ֻԼӵ㲦ѡ
˺ˣˣҵĶǺöӣҲǺӣ³Էɣ³̫̫ЦƶϱôһӵĲˣԲˣ
³ӸλȷæĻһҲûиأϻع꣬³Ҵֵ֮һˣȻ󣬱ǽˡ
ɩյ뻯ˣôģûʲôˣȴĺóԣѿǵһγ¯հЦ´һˣ¯֪ϲԼ⣬Ѱ㱣ûʲô˵ķӣÿȥѧõʱﶼװһݣǳԵĺóԣڵģ
￴ŴӣĿⶼڻˣǾͶЩʵ⼦Ҳûʲôرģ⿵ʱЩСɣһҽ㡣仰Ƕѿ˵ģѿЦŵá
ҲǴɩڵļƷʺãʳǶ˵ϲֿһң³ɺΤ϶ЦЦǾͺãһҲЩġ
ţ
ڷģڼСӣں죬˳չʾŽ³Խˣ˾䣺ʲôˣ
һ⻰˷ܵҾ֪ܷ֣㿴ҽľͷģţߺϣһŤȻͱ
²˵ţֹ³ԽԽ̵ġ³Խһ֮ͷĺǾɣʲôô𣿡
һ˷ˣҾãرʺϷŮӵΣӣͿԷ⣬ӺͶһ
뷨СرĶ࣬ʵǱļͥܶʱһᱻĸѵⲻѧ³Խᣬ³Խǹ
ͣڣ͵ͷЦ뷨ܺãƷ͵¥ȥ˵ܳ
ˣԼ磺磬Ըķ䣡
Ƕˣʲôˣ
³հЦܲܵõĿޣ
³̫̫Цհ㲻ˣϱӾǸ߽˭˵ãƫģ
߽ɶ˼
ϡ࣡
ȫ˶ЦĿԼɷ³ԽҲڿһ˿εЦ
¥ĲʱʱľʹЦȫһ𣬳һٿĵ緹
³㻹ȥæ£椺˵ĻᣬѿøȥסɣҲ⺢ӵġ
椿ԼĵЦŵ˵ͷѽջ
ˣ椿ĵһڣǵ³ԽĿһۡ
ȫָͶ뵽˸ԵķæУֻ³ԽѾԼƵĳߣǰ棬հ͸ֵܸ黹ǺģհûѧǹɾнԼ׵ܴܵһƬЦǺǵĳǰߣ˵Ц
³Խں棬³ԽԾס֣Ҳϰ
ǰӣɣ˵հǲզˣǸءǺӺѧϰ磬Ҳͦصġ
³Խﴽøհ
ǵûУ⺢Ӷδûй滮ģûûΣҲ֪զġ
³ԽЦĲˣ⵱ģô˽ԼĶأ˵ƽʱհϻѵʱ̫࣬˸
ۣ³ԽƴֵأʵԼҪĶϲĥϲУͺñ˵ľҵҲֻǽ̸һЩƤëѣǸԼͺܸȤһЩС⣬ǧҪЩˣдô
ôῴȥ֮ǰǸõƤߣҲ֪жϲҵĴæ
ǾˣհֻǶ飬ǸǣȻ֪ʲôһҲʧġ
֮󣬳Ĭ˺ܾãڣһӶص³Ժ³հЩƣˣЦȥϴϢߵ˶ӵķ䣺ܽ𣿡
ܣ
ڷﲻ֪ڰŪЩʲôЦߵߣ˼ѣԡ
ۣҵģ
ţôˣϲ
ǲǣĵĽ˹ԼϱȻΪǰʱæǸġ
Ŀһ˴ţǸѣ椲ɣˣУ
ļˣæѵ׾ʹϣҿÿ𣡣
ЦſԼĶӣͷÿĸҲˣҲɴС
ˣպá
ٺЦҸٴŪˣʵﲻظµģȥ·ҲµأҴľС
ĿֺݺһԼСӵͷ˵Ҳͷвѵĵ
ⲻ𡣡Ц
ȴɷ˵ĻóǸСϣܸ￴𣿡
Ȼ
˹ȥ
򿪣Ų˼£ҲЦˣȻһκУǸһİɣ̫СˣҲȷЩŲˡ
ۣĿ
˵ģ
ȻԸ𣿡
ôԸ⣡һٸԸ⣡ȥҪľĻľģҪˢ᲻ɶɫҸˢɣÿ㿴⣬һ˷žӵĵطҪһ򿪣Ƕһ澵ӣƶױ̨ˣ
Խ˵Խ˷ܣ뷨ҲʮֵĶ࣬һ߾ţһֱ΢ЦŹ
˵˷ܻɢȥͻȻ뵽һ£Ѱǰ˳ݸҸ˸ӣ֮ǰǸݶˡ
Щȡ
ǶˣϸԼû⣬ȴ˻סˣµ͸й˵ֻͷúӣرϲ
ϲ͸ˣ
˯ȥˡ
ţ
صڣ³ԽЦſĿģǰһ¾³Խ߽ˣ
ˣﳯݺݵصһۣҵݶ㶼û֣ӣ
³Խһ㶣ſƽʱõӣҲ粵ֻεЦ
ǿЦһˣ˭֪մ򿪳룬Ҳһľᣬһ³Խģͼϲġ
ֵ³Խˣһ˿á
Ҳá
³Խ˹Ὣ˱Ҳ˵ֻжҪ
ﾪһȥˡ

һ֮СŰ³հȻϰһš


113 ⣨壩
ٰ͢һ, ³űǵ͸ԣ³հҪһꡣҲ᲻ôľͶ뵽һԵУСӰ֮û, ³հٴ̤ѧ·
һǴ, Ĺ³ҵӵǷƽ˾, ֻڰ, , ˳ҲμС½, Τ˺ôһ
ûϣȻҲ˵ϼȡΤڼסؿֱл, ǴѾһ˲ΤԺЩԭһǰ￪巻ѧãŮӽԿɲμӣѾȤ, ΤϾͰ˹ȥŮѧսҲԿ, ³̫̫Ҳͦá
ŮѧõĹϸ, ٹ, ˵ܵСʧ, Ѿר̸˻˳ѾҲûѾ, ֱӰѵܵһ٣˳һҽС
㣡ȥ, ҰˣһŮӼң
ѾһӺָ㲻˼˵ңȥ鶼ǿ
˳˵, ˸ˡѾ˷, Τϻͷš

Ѿˡ
ΤϿŮ, ž˼˳ЩЩʱ䣬ԽŮˣŮĲ¡
Ǳѧһжðɣ
Ѿﵹ˱ˮأ˵ﲡˣ
Τ̾˿ˣǸ⣬ˡΤ˳һӵĻ𣬴ѾĬ˺һŵզģ˳һꡣ
ʱ˳Ҳèڴ̨Τ֪̾ҵģ鿼⺢ûǸ츳͸оԼȥȥǵŪȥæùˡ
Τϻ䣬˳һͷ˽
˵ģ
ΤϿһͷһŤ˳ȴǿļˣǰΧȥ㾭ӪһٰģңˣĲϲҲ֪ϣʹӦҰɣ
Τϲ˵˳ԱĥӲݣΪ㿴ϣͲסΤһʼܱŸҲסˡ
УùˣԼԼôСˣ
˳˷ܵã

³̫̫֪ºҲ˵ͷ˵ˣ˳ǾͲǸӣɶ˸ɶ£ϲɽܣ˵һѺ֣
ΤŵĻҲֻ̾̾ԼⱲҲû
ֹ£³հ˴μңأ׼ǰԺˡ
֮ǰǲģ߰£ȣǹԺĻһֱԴöһСģ˾Ҫ̧ųհ³㵱һСûԹʲô࣬ȥ֮ǰ׼׼˺þá
ϴЩǲض˵ĵǹԺķˣòӸհ׼˺ЩθĽϺСˣ׻ȥҲ㡣ˣ̫Ҳû
ʲôθڣȥ˺üҩ̣Լòҩͱһó࣬հϣһǿԷãǱζҲԡ
Խգ³ԽݳȫһڹԺͷȺ
ۿѧеĻǱ̧ģ߳ģҲǴһޱȡ
żţȺпհհãֻݿ϶ǱǰһЩģæӭȥ֮ۻˡ
հðɣ
磡
͵ã³հЦЦһá
Ѷȥˣ۾һ죬³հˣæס֣ûѽǻҲûеĲζһЩ׼Щûʲô
۶ӣȻĶæհҲˣ³ԽҲڳڣһ˶һһʣ³հЦһһ
ҲʱҲ֪ǽ˹Ժ¹ʲôӵܻǺţŶӡᡱ֮ҲʲôŵȡϺ̹ǣ̡Կգǰ֮㲻ٳˣĶ̣ΨⷽһʵΪˡеĿ;ȥ㵽ҲǲУͷϾҪӣȷʵѿԣܲԶľͲԶȫƾӲš
أһ˵ԼҶӶûԣ۵ĶҪˡ
³հɬЦЦҲ뱻ǴӣȻ̫ѿˡ
ؼҳ԰ɣһӷˡ³Խ
лл
椺͸Ҳû뵽ô࣬椸Ͻ·ĸݸհԣ
³հӹлл椣ϧڻûʲȥ
һּˣ³հæûµȻȥϴ裬Ӧþܻˡ
úúãȻؼҡ

ܿ죬ͣ³СԺ³̫̫ŴӺò׻ҲæӭȥӴҵհˣ
̣
³̫̫ڼѷ˶޺ˣˮҲˣ͵ŸӽӷϴѾҲڣ³հҲ¶ϲ֮ɫ
ܡ
㣡
ұհԵհһƣ³̫̫һ˭Ҳûʡ³ԽȸӴˮϴ裬Ҳ˳Ӽˡ
ҹĻ٣³հڻصУʹʹĳһĸоãԺ¸˶һ飬ǹЦ
ҵհܿˣһЩϢԷһˡ
³հ
ʵϢͬ￴ģ൹ڹԺ˶콫Ҳȿ־ﶼܲˣ㲻ܽ³հϣģܹУҲһֱﵱϾüһܲ״Ԫ˵ǾӦûû⣬ҪãøԪҪü̡
հڴϷȥ˯
ţͲýӰ֮տôһţ˺һ˯š
ӶԽԽ࣬ԷŰٶҲԽԽ׼ֻǾǼŵĵط˽ӰգԺſͱ˸ɽ˺Ϊ³հֻǲ֪ԼĸλãԵҲûôżϹȥ³̫̫һ㿪ʼݷﵹˣ³̫̫Ͳûϵɰһˣ˭ȰҲûõġ
磬˼³հǲæģҲֻǵ׻ƣ׼׼ǰԺ
˭֪ճţĵϲˡ
ϲϲһһǿ³·ϲϴժýԪ֮λϲϲ
Ԫ
ȫ˶ˣ
˶סˣ˳
㷽˵Ԫ
ǽԪͷװ
³̫̫Ѿ˷ܽˣǰ͸˴ܱüһüһҵĹﰡ֪̾Ǹģ
³ԽӦҲ޲ԺϲáۺỨ³հֿ֮ҲǾˣ
̲סᣬ˶ںǽԪ
³ɺΤ϶ϲѶҲ˹һ˶Ǵ³оʱģû뵽ʮȥˣֳһԪ춼ھ³ң
³˽ǲ˸߲ҵˣţҸĶŶӵϲҲóȥˣȫ˶ڼףϲ¡
Ц֮ǰ껹ɫҲоӦòʲô£ֻû뵽صø
Ҳͣǣһ仰˵ɰǼˣ
ǾͲˣоϲҪ˵ˣɲûϲˣ˵⻰˳䣬ΤϾŭЦĸһƣɶʱܸôϲػضǾţ
˳Ÿ첲
ȫ˹Ц
³ϣӭͿͣȻڵ˰ҹʱ³հڴŰ̵ĸ˾Ԫ֮λʵʮþȣû뵽õˣߴߣҪȻ͸ˡ
ǻԺ͵ԣҪܰѻԪ£ʱƴһ״Ԫ˵յ״ԪһջԵΣԪڣǶ붼ģҪԪ˵ԣʥһԸ֮Ҳ˵׼顣
뵽⣬³հѪҺڷڣ˯ˡ޲ðҹͶ飬ȡͰԪݺ¡
³ԽȻǲ֪ӵĺ֮־ֻǽԪϱ˷ܵ˯žˣ۾һֱǺģӻ˷֮³ԽЦ̫ԣϲӣôǺǵġ
ﲻ˲᣺˲֪㻹֪հզߵģ⺢ӴСҲͯѧõʱӾ˵ȱ˶̿Ŭ꿪ɣʮĺûӴǱϲǣֻҵģ̵
İˡ
³Խ§ҲΪпôûпհԵĿ֪࣬ܲҲǸˣҲһԪˣⱲ˵ĵڶˡ
̧ͷһʲô
³ԽЦ֪
ﳹױ˺ġ˵
³Խ˵Ķ䣬СһʲôĬ˰Σ󣬳ؿڸһȭͷ³ԽЦ§˯ˡ

ԽӰʱѾǶˣڹ³հԺһΣ̬˺ֻܶ࣬һҪչ˺Լƽ̬ԾŬС
³հһ֪̾㣬һӦţȫ˵κͲ̤˻Ե·
ػԺ͵ŵʱ䲻һǻԽ֮󣬺ܿܳȻЩҪμӵԵѧӾҪɺԺͳһšʱ³հ֪ͼٵĹϵ³Ȼ˵Լֶӵʱ̲סп˼䡣
ԭ³䲻ںԺְĲɻǵõ͢һϿɵģ⼸λټ㿴Ҳܴзֳ£Ϊ³հ·ǣҰʵڷǳ֮˶ղĽ³һζ
³֣ƪ·Ǽѣ³֣㵱֮ѽ
³Цֱּ̨ȡЦˣɽв˳ҵ겻ǿо٣ҺûԺ͵˸ˡһ֪ǰ׵ˮƽ
Ҳô˵˭֪³ǳţһ μԱ˾ˣĲѧҪǳһ꣬ҲǲܵֻҪΪ°ˣ
⻰˵磬˹Ц⼸λ³ڳ֪ĺˣһ˵ȥ֮ϸ˿³հ£źЦã˾
³հԺ£Եĳɼٴĵ͵³ҡлԪ
£³̫̫ĸҿʼ״ԪΡ³̫̫߶һӵ״Ԫ״Ԫ浽ؼԵʱ򣬽ŵֶڶ˻ǵõհʱץܵΣ׷ǰأϻô˵ģ꿴꿴ϣ⵱հץǸӡ£ǾҪ״Ԫٵ
仰³̫̫˵Ļŭţ¾ͼܵڿʼݷﵹǻã»һæǱһҹ֮䣬³˵׵˾̤żˡ
£ʵһǰͿʼ½ˣֻհ񲻹ʮߣҲ³ңƽ˼ҲҸʣĸСҲڹ³հ½Ԫ֮˺Щˣ»Ԫ˼˲Դ
ÿӦЩýţ֪˵ࡣ⵱ģȻϣԼҵĶ˵һź£ѡϱʱ۹͸ߡΪ£ûٹ￪Ц
Ҿرһţͻ֡
ϿŸŮҵϢԴһ˵Ųᡣ
ģ㿴ϸ񰡣ЩŮҵϱȶŮ
ġ
ЦãɵѾͷ׵ʱڻģȢϱôǹһסҪ޳ȥģŵأ
һ⻰ƲƲ죺ҲˣҾҪŵ
˵Ůв˵ġ
һˣ³Խ֣ĿҲһ
զˣզˣ
ϸľǹŮҪˣһҲ˽椲ˣ
³Խޡֵ֣ȢŮ˻û֣ż
Цá
￴˺þûûɿڣ˵ǺӵúԼÿýŶǿͿˣҲ˺͸椲ǺϲЩýţԹ˺ü䣬ֶһŴ
ΪϡӦǻΪǣȢޣˣҪýţ˿ô죡
͸椲ΪȻĵܳȥˣ綼أǼʲô
ʵҲ˼հ껹СǵһڶҲһŵԵĽһأ״Ԫɣûһź
ü뵽鶼ҪЦ³ԽƽģֻʲôãߵһˣͳԤڵǧ򱶡
ֹ£ڵ˵ԡ
ֵ׳꣬ϲЩ˲š³հȻǳңЩӵվһȺ̸¾ǲʵ˼⣬³հǶԴǵһ ӣҲ޽ź͵ӡ
ٿ£ʵ۵˺üͷ½ǵ³հϣȻЦˡʵڵ֮ǰʵ˲ҪԵĽֻԿЩ˵ʵĲɣڿǰˣ뵽˵Ǹ³㣬·Ҳʮǰ׼ֵԼ
ϾԼİ䣬µȷͷʵֻ΢һ֮¶˾ġ
ն״Ԫ
ϢĴСȫˣ̻ɣĵǴ˴С
³ð̣Ȼ˸״Ԫɣ
³̫̫ûվȣ³Խһ컨
ϲϲԺ״ԪɿҪŸͷоģ³ңǴ翩


114 ⣨
µ, ˵Ȳ˵䲻䣬âʱڣ͵Ƕ³ԺӻƬƬʢ, ¶Ż㡣һ磬߻ĵ, ǱȴѾʼߴߴˡ
˳Դȥ괺Сʧ, ΤϺʹɱЪͷ, һհ״ԪСҲû¡˵˳, ֮, ˵ɵͦģģȥһӼ̶ġǱ, ڼҲһһܳ, ˳ֻ󹫼îʱչ͹ֱС
Τһʹһӵ, 嵽˳Ͱ˺ˡ
ҾûģԼļв㳳ˣϽιȥ
˳۾, 鲻ԸߵԺС
ѾҲ, 򿪴ӾͱԹ˺ü䣬˭֪˳㶷춷ϰˣſھ͵ô, ô޵ĳȥƢﻹ
˳, ˭֪Ѿû, ͬĿһ, ţ˳ıϾͰ˺ݺһ£ҽ˵˵
Ӵ
Сӣ ô˵ģҪƢǰɣţ˵һ飡
ѾֻĹ˴׼𴲣漦ɹĳڼ
³̫̫ҲˣԴհ״Ԫ̫̫ԽԽˣһ˻ϸ¸ֻϧԺĻ³Խˣ磬Ѽι꣬ԺĲҲġ
ɽҪȥ³̫̫ӣҲ۶ӣ֪³ԽµĲҵĻ㹻Ķ࣬նҪȥʱæҲǾ˲ϳԷġ
³ԽͷЦ첻ţҪǡ֮ǰõǼլӡ
ԣҵĴϾҪˣڳðլҲá
ԭԴ³㱻նΪ״Ԫ֮󣬾ְ˺Ժ׫ٲ³ҿǲİģ뵱³Ϊأһгʱ򣬱Ϊ׫ֵհ
״ԪĸۡȻл״͵ģ³ԽҲ¶ڳﻻһ״լˡʱҪôһλðģȫҶס֣³ԽӦˣֻլӼ۸񲻷ƣʱҪϸӽʹȥѰ
ڴ󷿣ΤϵҲ뷨ȴڣֻΪ˳Ժ󻹵ǾɽܣѾҲû䡣
ΤϵȷѰ˼£˳˵Ļ£һ˵һٴΤ˽ҲʹŮɴѾѾͷҲʮԼ˼룬˵ʲô˲ޣäƼޡ
ɳΤϣ춼˵ˣʲôҶôģäƼҲҵˣռһЩ˼һһѾĿɴѾǲͷǰΤϸˡ
ҲѸýŸˣЩýŴһհǱòѾһҲò߳³һһĴܣҲ֪ʲôӸ߹Ҳ³ҵۡ
Τֻ̾ȥ³̫̫
˵զ죬ѾѾͷ۹Ǹ˻զҲ˵ýѡôҲǼˡ
³̫̫˵֮ҲĬ˺һ
˵ѾհҪһһңµȷǸöˡ̵ȻҲΪŮżĥһŵѾһڳǲʶ˳ĸӸĶˣ
³̫̫⻰ʵΤϸˣ˼˵⣡ôأ
侲һ㡣³̫̫ĿһۡҵŮʲô֪ܲ𣬴ѾǸùֻǳϾǴ˶࣬Ҳ࣬Щýҿ̫ˣǿŴѾǴﳤĹܵҲ⸽ģѾҲ
³̫̫һΤ侲ˡ
ղŵȷˣһ뵽Ǹ巻ܵرϸ񣬴ѾǸûгȥĻᣬ˿һ˵Ļе
˵ҲʶʲôˣܸѾȥѰõ˼ء
³̫̫ĥһʱˣҵŮû飬塢ܵܣͨЩýǣ㰡۹ҲҪŸһ㣬ǱȢԼˣ
Τһæá
Ҳǣ³ڵ飬ѾĻ²ҲܸˮǴԽԽ˵еȺýţĴѾʲô˶УΤϻصУȥýŽܵЩˣԽԽҺûɿڣͰЩ˼ȫ̭ˣţΤȥһ˶ﻹûţ˵˼仰
ΤϺǰ˵ΤϱĻŭŵĻȥˣҲͦ˵ģϳ³Խʣ˵ʲôˣ
ɩ˼ǣѾҲˣҰۣѿ
šǵˣſ
ǿ϶ˣѾĻҲ³ҵһŻ£ȻҪˡ
³Խһ㻹հȢ
£̾˿
ҵΪɶΪӣڿǴϢˣ״Ԫɣ״ԪɵĻܾѿѿ˵أ˵ʵհָ飬˵ڳģİһӾ;ˡ
ָ鲻ã
һ³Խ治Ǽٲָ鵱ȻˣǻָͨǧС㽫Ҷ֪ôദھͳҲ֪հԼզġ
³Խ̲סЦˣõ㿴ϣҲϣ㰡̫֮ˡ
Ҳұˣ̫ˡ˵զأԼĶӰ벻С
ڲãпվȥѾģиĻ¡
һ㶣
͸椿һҲĸҪҲ޸椵ˣ
³Խ˲Ͳ˵ˣｫģ̲ס㻹˵أԼĻǣǸ椻һӲ˲ɣϸ׵̬Ҳøģ
³Խ˵Ļ
ӱۣӱ⡣
-
ﵹİѴѾĻˣհͨˣ޶Լ˵հԼĸòġɹͲһˣӴ٣һûаѹغãǵһӵ飬һͺΤȥȥˣѿڳð£òż죬͵һȫ񾩶ֿȵ˼ңΤһ濴һЦҲãǸҲá
³ҵ뷨ǣŵԡȻѾ޵úãҪ̫߼ˣδᱻżҿΤҲԼЩ֪֮ģͷЩʼҹ壬ѹͲڿǷΧ֮ڣҸϽģؼƷء
ȥ￴һԷն˳ףиǾɴ³ҲʮӶڽнʿ³հ˵ͬ꣬δǰ;Ҳ㲻
Τĥ˺þˣŻȥѾˡ˭֪ΤϸսţͼѾŻŵİʲôصͷ£զͻȻˣ
ΤǶеˣôûвŮĲԣоʱǰһأ
ûѽϰ巻õ
óҿ
ѾûãҲ˿
ΤϣֲǱˣҰ㿴
ѾǲԸΤȻлɣŮǵûᣬֻת˻˵ҵ飬˭֪Ѿһʮֵų⡣
ΤһɫˣҲϲҲϣ㵽ҪɶģΤ˵꣬ĿһѲɡѾԼĴˣû˵
Ѿһ̧ͷ
ΤϿⷴӦ¾ͳѾѸղŵĶó￴˵ʵ
Ѿͷˡ
ΤϺһֱţðΣѾЭͷ°ѸոûĶ˳
Τһûιȥ
һӣӻɫģһ֪Ůõʽ½ҲʲôŮӻõĻɫһ֡ѫ
ɲˣΤ侲֮һ¾ȥ˷ţ˳ЦҪҲΤŭһ˳ȥ
ɲʲôЦ˳ԸܵķŭŵúȻͿѷصһˡ
ţﴫѾһҪ
˳һ飬תܣȥ̣
ﻹڼң£³̫̫һۣ³̫̫˵﷢˺ôĻ𣿶󣿡
˳ֱţܴܴ̣֪ҵģɶʱ﷢𣬵ȷҴûôȥɡ
³̫̫һ⻹ˣϽһǱȥˡ
ϱϱ

Ůڷ˺ܾãʱ³ҵǶ֪˺£Ҳû˸ҽȥʣֻĬĬ
ĵȡ
òףǿˣ³̫̫˳Ȼ۾ͨĴѾΤϡ
ʲôɢȥſڼ⣬³̫̫һ
˳һۣ𾪵ĵɴ۾ʲôʱô׹ˣ
³ԽҲ֪˺£ǵ˵꣬Ŵ֪ԭί
ԭѾ֪ôʶһ佫ƺ㺣佫ڷۣżȥ巻ԶԶĿ佫ҪȥѲأѾ͸ˣΤϸˡ
³Խܾ꣬û˵ɩͬ⣿
˵ͬˣɩˣôѾǸ˵ȫ˵Ѿһֶ˵ҲϿڡѾ˵˾ദܾǶ˶ѡ
³ԽҪǸ˼ңҲδزɣɩһֱôѾ޸˰ɣЩ
ҲôģѾƷǶǿģ⺢ʲôأŮҲ
զ˵
˵ܺ͵ȥȰѶԷǸɶ˸ҪǸ۵ģǶǲ׼ġ
ţǾȵϢɡ

ѿǱߵĶҲȷǿ죬ڶվʹӳϢＸһãϽѿͷ˵ѿ˿ˮ𼱣һ˵ͰˡǸ佫ڡӪǸٳܣһԨѫ
뵽Ѿϵġѫ˶˵ͷ
ѫܸԼҺȡС֣˵˳³̫̫
ѿæ˵ǣܼңͨ˼ңкպսġֻǵԨ游һ˵˵ʲôȻʣˣһӲûˡ
Τüǲﳼ
ȫҴ󾪣ﳼǲ˵ġ
ѿ֣Ҳ㣬Ҫﳼﻹйְֻûдǰ⣬ֻͨŵڰɡ
ΤƲƲ죺ҵԸûз·ûġ
³̫̫˼һʣ˵˵ˣզ
ԨǸĬӣƽھӪҲٺ˴򽻵Ϊ˽˵ֵµĹٱţ˴ǰҲմġ
ΤüͷĸˣֱѪ鰡
³̫̫Լϱһû˵꣬ѿ˵
ɩ˵ѪҲԣҲ˵ԨһЩСǼ䰮ӪȮԼԵĶãԨҪϽֿؤһһǮ
ɵΤӸ˽ۣѿһۣЦˡ
ˡ³̫̫ȥʳؼ⣺мûУʲôţ
ûûСѿæһǴϸġȷûУԨ˵ǲŮɫѾ߶ûУǡ
ʲôȫ˵˼ˡ
ʵ̫ĹˣʮߵʱвýŵţǶ˻ȥֱڶʮˣ
ЩýŶѾˡ
ʮˣΤϲ
ôˣ
Ҳ΢еˡ
³̫̫ȴ֣ǲˣˣҶɳ׵ʱҲСˡ
˵⣬ȵͷѿЦſһ
Ҫһ򲻽ŮɫںȻôֿҼҴѾˣֵĺܣһֱϲŮˣ²ʲôë
³̫̫һѪ˶ˡ
ʱӵĴźȻƿѾһ³˽Ųǣ
ڵ˰һ˲ΤϱɫѾͷ˵ʲôһضûˣ
ѾǺҵ£ҡҲǹ͵
ŷŷӦһľĵ˷㡣
³̫̫ûǳŮ֣Ѿ
Ѿߵ³̫̫ߣ˵ĺ̡
Ѿ̵ĴŮ̲ĻǲܵģԸ˵˵Ǹܣզ

ҹĻ١
Τڴϳ̾
⼸նҲֻ֪ǽźũ̸ȥˣͿԼϱڴϣǼ򵥵ˣˮҲûա
³̾զˣôϢã
ãΤһʹӿϵˣ֪Ůϵ˭𣡡
ΤϺɿġͲһİԨıԸ˵ˣԽ˵Խؿˡ
ҲҪһҪ߼޸ʲô߹ٺţҪǸʱ֪İɡãϸ򣡻ǸŰģ
³ɣҾá
˵ǣʹѾҲ֪˵ЩɶʱƺͦõģҲʲôԨʲôѫȥûʲô⣡˵˵⻹ûɶ⣡
Ҳô˵ٴ˵Щ
³ɸ˵ʲôΤһ۵ݺݵĴȥˡʶȤı˱죬ϴϿ
Ҫ˵ǲûãҪǼ𣿡
ôŮ˵ԼһԸ˼˼һʾûأ
⻰³üͷɶղ˵Ǹʲô巻
ɶѽǾԶԶĿһۣ˾˵Ļû䣬Ǽ˹ҡ
զզ۹Ůզģ
³ɶͷˡ
ΤϺһ˵Լȥǹܲˣҵĸͷˡ


115 ⣨ߣ
Ԩ, ܿ³һȻ󲨣С˵˳, ˲ը졣ҪȥǸʲôѫ˵Ҫ̽̽³̫̫ѵһ١
ΤҲδı˸е, ԴӴѾ³̫̫Ĺһκ, ³̫̫û˵ʲôˡֻǶŮ׼˽º, , Ǳˡ
ѾĬĻ˷, Լ˭ҲҪʳʲôҲǸѡ
³ֽ̫̫֮йΤϣĳ˵һΤҲĬĻ˷䣬ڴҲ˵ˡ
գѿ׼һˡ
γ, ͲΪԼҵ飬ѿţɰŵˣֱѿȥԨһ, , в١
ǸչʱһĽӽӪӪĵطˡ
Ӫ, ھľ, ȴ𾩽İȫ, ӪҲھڳСѿԽԽԶҲˡ
˵ĸϽؼȻھӪĵطҲھɴѾ巻ѧÿڳҲýզȥ巻ǰȴѾء
ѿЦɩɩҪһ⣬զҲءͶ罺ôЩ꣬ǲ飬û˶ˡ
һ㶣漴ѿ˼Ⱦһ˿죺ɻûɹ¡
û㣬ѲɻûԶȥ㣿ѿЦʣƺг񣬷·ҪǷϣһ˲оٳЩˡ
ﲻ˵ˣͶʶûþͳˣ֮ǰദʱ䲻࣬Ψеļζ³ԽԶĴӾܵˮȥһξΪ˸һ֧Ǻ«šҲǷﲻͣЪȥżˣ֮١
ѿ㣬ʲôģЦȽĳǰнţܿ죬͵Ŀĵء
￴ȥǸӪǸվſرأҲζûҴط
ѿ֮󣬺ܿʹ߳һǰ·
λˣ³Ѿǰкˣ롣
ѿӺ˽ȥ浹һͤ·ڴ˴ͣ˽ţλԵȡ
ѿȣ˿˿ܣӴ󡣡
³ڹٰݶƷȷѲͬաѿЦЦɱˣôҲܣֻҪؼʱϤɣ͹ˡ
ǿ϶ģôء
ͤһû뵽ǣķ羰㲻ھԵʣеľӪģԶɽ֣Ŀ
һյĹ˾͵ˡ
̧ۿȥʱһӡһΪȷеףο࣬㲻ദ
Լ޵ľ³ԽʱҲ΢֮ܿϸĿ˶ˡ
ѿȻĿһԨ֮ǰһ˵ҪȥʲôˣʮֲԸɫ
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λ
ҲˣŮѾˣԷûһĻ׮²Ҳա
û뵽ѿ˵֮ԨĬƬ̣ţ˾һǰѿһԨɫ˵˺Щӻ

ڻȥ·ϣѿﶼĬ˺һ
ѿ˵İɣǶͦɩôأ
Ҳ˵ͷ鵽Ҫɩ绹ͷģȻȥɡ
ΤϺ³̫̫ڵˣѿһΤϾӭȥΣ𣿡
˼ˣɩ˵ɡ
Ůֽݣأǰ֮ȥˡ
ԭǰԨżϽ֣巻һС͵ѾǴͬһϽ֣ɰˡѾӦ飬ץסˣ˭֪߳ŭȻͳذҪѾк·ԨպÿͱԨƷˡ
ڱԨץסʱذ׾ͲһӴѾϻȥѾδлԨֻȷû֮󣬾Ͱ˸Ť͹ٸˡ
˵һ 档
³̫̫˵ģ³̫̫ϾԼŮ˰죬ʳһЩ飬Τһ£Ѿôû˵
Ѿ⺢ӺհһǸϲǵģ¼˸ģᶼûһġ³̫̫
Τ˵ζӣǺأ
֮Ҳ֪ǲ˻ôѾ巻üأ˻ػػܴ棬һȥģȻˡ
ɺϣΤϵɺϣ
ѿͷǣ˵ǣԨӣǴһְ࣬ϽڴѾѧǸǰҺͶɩ˺ЩʱҲ˵ȷ壬֮ԳٳûףһΪҪȥˣΪҲ֪Ѿ˼˵ҺͶɩǴѾļˣ˵պס
ףΤۣôôˣ
ɩ֮ǰǻ𣿡
ǡҲûôѽҶû
³̫̫ģʽҲã˽¼ǲ񻰣°ϵǻС
Τϣ
ǿˣǶ˻ͦģ
ЦʵɩȷҾȻ˵ԴǣȴѾ˵һˣͦеģҲͦбµġҲûʲôõú䡣ҪģѵôѾϲѽ
³̫̫ͷԣϱ
ղ˵еô˵˵˵ѿѿȥ˵Ļ
ѿѽԨĶԻһһʮ˵ˣ̸䣬ǺܸܵԷϵģһʮͷĴүˣ˵Ѿʱ򻹻޴룬û˼ı֡
ѿֵԨԻɵİ£Ҳ˲پӪˣԨ˵ĿڱǺܲģ˵еͰ巻ѧѲҲµһʿĸԨһ˸ͷȷ
³̫̫֮󣬵˵ͷҾӲҪ֮ԵҲĻĿԿǿǡϱأ
Τϻ˼³̫̫ѿﶼȻȥˡ
ߺ³̫̫ĳĵϱ֪뷨ǰ˳ôѾ޸ˣǾö˸һȣԲŶԨôģ
Τһ̾֪˵ԼСҲûǱʲôҲãҶΪ˶Ůѽ鵱ȻǺõĳ·ˣ㿴ɣһӣģۣҲ˲ġƴĹܳ˲Ҳ𣿡
⻰ԣҲȫԣˣⲻһ˵Ĺ͡ɲ𣿴ҲܺðӣĸﶼһǶɵģӹĶţҪѧ֪㡣ҿ佫Ҳ佫ĺôܱϱںЩҲֻ֪飬ɱǶõġ
ΤûסЦˡ
ǿɲУۼǿģҸŮɱҲǸĵġ
³̫̫ҲЦˣ㿴ɣ˵
Τ룬Уģ
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ѾǱߣ˵Ԩ֮Ҫף˺ðΣع͵סѿ
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ѾͷôϲѿûסЦ
Ѿ⣺ŮϲЩҲʲôµģֿĸ飬ˡû֡ҵ
ѿЦˣѾ¾㶨ˣֻܼ֮š
-
պһ磬Ȼˡ
ܼǸˣź³̫̫󣬻һýˣǾߵģ³˰˽ȥѾںԺΤûóȻԨҲʱû¶档
ǹأɳ̸ˣ˫ټ档
³Ȼ³̫̫Τѿڱ̸䣬˲֪ԭԨĸĸˣʮǰǳսУΪĸĹȰǰҲȥˡԽֻ̳棬̸䣬Ҳܼܿ˵ļҽ̺ܺãԼҲǻۺźҲǰԼɷȻʵ˵ˡ
ҼǸҪȻô˲źǸٷ򳤣ǵҲǴ´ġ
̾ȻӺǱǸ
ʵ⼸ҸѫҲ˲˼ңСӶûеͷǰպȻٻؼңſڱǰףǽһҾţոϽļҵĺùҼǳСӶȶˡ
⻰˵˳ΤҲģĹɲǺù
ѾȻں棬ɲûЩԨʱ˰ΣڸûĻ
³̫̫ã˲öʱ˵˵ܼǰˣҵĴѾϾֻһͨ˼ҳĹһӴСǻ䱦˼ʱһЩĵġ
̣֪ʲôǰѻ˵ҲͦõģԴҼͷôһºھͨˣʲôǶǺΣղġҾ˴󸻴ҲһǧɣͿЩֻҪϲЩʲô˵ǰɡң³ҵҲ֪ģôĶӺӣŮȻҲǲġ
³̫̫ҲЦˣУǾͰ¶˵ˣúǼһɣ
Ѿں棬С壬Ѿ̳⺰һһĸߴЩִٵˣҲˡ
Ԩˡ
ֻǰ³̫̫೤Ƕһ񣬾ֹׯ̸˹ģװʱʱģɼܼҼҷ硣
ΤϿԷ֮Ҳˡ
ԭΪԷǸ׳֣û뵽֮˵ϣԨ޳ϳۣҲȲ͡
һ˳ۣ˳ӾͺȻ˶
Ԩ˵˼䣬г⣬̸ҲֻǸٱԼǸûϢĶӺ̫࣬ΤϱЩ岻ˡ
Ԩ֣صĺ³̫̫Τϱ֤ܵΪޣպ󲻹ܷɻڴκ裬߶ֻһˣһģ벻
ڳÿһˣû˲ܵԨⷬеĳ⣬ںŶЩжˣƴĸѾʹɫѾ˫պģֻŴЦΤϳûʲô³̫̫һ⡣
ѫҪȥѲˣùΣգ
ѾһҲ̲ס
ԨлģѲֻҲȽϼ򵥣ʲôΣգ
Ҳ⼸곯͢㰲ȣҲġ
³̫̫ͷǱáϱôѾЩˣȱܱܰɡ

Ц㣬Ҳ볡׵һŮ˫棬¾ʽˡ
˶ˣԨźƬ̣һӰӱ˳ѾͷЩɬ˳
ԨҲЩִ٣ϾǸˣʱʱҪǰĿЩȣڵһ仰żҲֱףԸң
Ѿĳ棬Щ̵պȻ˫Ʈ
ˡ

Ըڸʲô
ԨˣŮҵ˼˲ҲʮҼǰ˶Ը̧ͷˣ쬵ġ
Ѳ˱ģ뵽ԨüͷҲѿ
ѾߴģҲ֪ôػԷҲǸľͷԥ˰ΣֱӰõӵݸˣ˭֪һ̧ͷͿ˶Է
Ѿһ㶣ɫҲסˡ
ô飿
ѾﻹǴ˹ģԨĵȴɢˣ̧ͷˣ˫糺죬дӣǱǿġȻǱǿģǾԸˡ
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ȥݣԼ±ء£׼ҲˣĸƸ
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Ȼ¶˱ץﱸ⡭ҹζࡣ
Ѿ֪ʲôҹζģУΪǼߵýû룬ֻǲ˼ĵ˵ͷǾɡҶС
Ԩ״ؿЩˡ
ֹˣͳһľС
㼰ʱδھҲ֮˵ֵ̣ϣزҪ
ѾľУ¹ײ
һӨ͸̵ϲ÷ﾭ巻ſһֻ÷ѲƼˣ
ԨѯѾ˵ͷţԨſ̧Ϊ鶨
˿˲䣬Ƶʳһ£ļ죬ٷֿƽá
Ѿ˼Ƭ̣ҲнǷӵݸԸһ·ƽչ
ԨӹӣûʲôķϺ¶Ц
ãҶջȢ㡣
ѾûֻҧҧԨЦˡ
ʱԨǰѾںۿűҪ߳⣬ԨȻͣ£תʵѾѾ
Ѿһ㶣ǴѾ
ɲֹΪΣѾѾִĿںȻһ̵ĵ˵ͷ
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ѾһʱỹûعٷӦʱԨѾվԺˣĳĳһһ³̫̫Τ϶ζĿ۴ѾѾһ죬Ťͷͻطȥˡ
˷䣬ѾŰǸ˳Ͽһв۵С֣ǿ⿴ֲˣʱҲźȻԨղ˵Ǿ仰˼
ֻһС֡ء


116 ⣨ˣ
Ѿһ, ΤϾһ׮¡ԨȻ֮ˣһΣ³ʹӦˣ, ǵԨѲ, ѾĴˡ
Ѿ鶨, ζ˳ҪΤϲˡкӵļһ²Ůңô, Ҿ˳, ΤһûȢŶõĹ, ־Ǹũҹ, ֻҪֽڿףܹ֮󰲰ĺһӾˡ
׻˵ĺãĸ￴ŮһһΤϾӡ֤仰, һʼ˵Ѿϲһ佫о춼Ҫˣ񵹺ã˵Ԩս¼˵Ǿͱˡ
书ãܱѾʹ, ܼһ治, ƸҲ, Ļ, ԽԽ˳ˡ
ڴѾĻ¶º, ³һһ, ǱǸҲҪȥμˡǰСҰ񣬶šȻȲ磬Ǿ˵һĿѣŵ˴ȵļ٣ôҵľͻΧѾǲˡ
Ϊ͢˲ŽȱԭһԾȻһøҲ˻ǰȥˮ³հڣѾڳΪٿһˡ
ֱ⣬θԺҲۣ֮У׼ǸӴݺͳˡȫ˶֪־ڴˣƽĲμԣôǿ˽ܵġ
ڰ³ͽ˹Ժ
⹱ԺٹµĿԣҲۼ˸ʽ˲ţǸϺʲô˶ĵӣ̶̼֮ڣǽύ˲ٵѡ
Ժıճƣ⿼ҲֳַɣϲöһĿȡģǱͷí˾˴ţһЩͻμӿƾֻΪɼģǱûôţҪиʲô£Ƕǵ۹⡣
ҲںߣԸܾϲһʵĶսԺûãԺˣԼһӹ̶ӵһϵϣһ˵ֵͨĶ׳ȥͨջڸշ磬ΪȤ
ܿ죬вΧôġӿʣĵĽԼ󷽵Ľе棬СգڹԺջһȺйͬͰõĺøǡ
뷨治бĶ𣿡
һλյĿ͸ʮ죬˵ĵزĵĿģҲͺòĵľͰѴбˡۣĲ˵Ŀһʵ⣬۾һ¾ˣİľò
ǰͨĲһ𣿡
Ȼ
󷽵İԼĶȫݸǸˣܿ죬˱һƬڽ̸и֪Էݣ񹤲ţλǹĶӣ껡
˵³Ҳ۾һȥ¿״Ԫ³հʲôˣ
һ㶣Ҵ硣
һȻѽԴȥ¿״Ԫ֮㲻֪ҵÿ
Һ߶״磬߶ٰɡ
֪ô˵ʵϣûٵ߶
ҵǾҴͿ˰ɣûô߶ҡҵѧҵҲһֻ۱һֻۣôŶС
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ͷš
죡̫ƽˣһӰģܵܵģȻȻ
λ̨еļοѹ⻹мԼģҪҪ㿴
ֹס˰ע˲ͱ˹ȥҪҪģҿ

죬û뵽Ժﻹʶһѣ֮˻ڹԺſ𣬱ĿǰͲÿ뿪ʹĵطǺãԼȥϡ
³ԽȻһȣһΣ³հҲרŽӵܵܣԵ͵˵Ц߳ȥʱ򣬾³ҵˡ
磡ȻҲˣЩһ磬õ˲ɴۣĿǰˣ硭
æǰ˸ǰվ³հǰ³˺ãһֱ˵㣬Ҽˣ
ĽܣҸʶĺѣ껣磬ʶˣ˵Ӱ
ȥ渣죺ǰ
³հЦЦԭǵ˵Ķӣһᣬһᡣ
ҲЦЦֱַòĺ³Խ˵Ǹѣȥ͡Ц˵ձصŰݷãֻǽռҲѾˡ
ԭҵҲڲԶˣҸĸȻǸеͯˣ껺³˸󣬾Լҵ
Զʣ磬ôһյ֪ҵˣ
³հЦЦڳΪ٣˵˶ʶ˲ļŵģյľֻйһңĻ֡
ѹ֣磬ԽԽйˣ˲𣿡
˲һƷΪ˷ǳвѧдúãʮóѧˮͳͼֽΪũһ⡣
˵֮㶣ô֪Ǹˮ磬Ľʶôˡ
ĽˣΣоٿϽʿĻҲܵ١
Цŵ㣬֪Ҿ£ҶˣܲеĻ֪ɡ
ҡͷҲΣԶӴǲǿհǡԼϲö飬ǲߣҲǺõġ
ȫһ˼ңհеĴһУȫһһԲ˺öˣ⼸տԺúϢˣ˭֪˰֣һҪȥҵ±أϢ

ϲֹԭԺѾı⣬ֹľͷһѣƽʱײ˽ֻҪӸˣȥˡ
˳ǱߣԴӽ֮ľȻҲǷˮģ˺üٿһ뷨ˡ
ɵ˼ǲ죬ö躹ޣ˳ɽҲСɽܵԵʣݥȡɽΡѣЩĶ˳ҵҵ١΢İװһ͵ǱٹĺöΪĿ顢ĳõɽڿĺѵˡ
˳ķˮģ³̫̫ߴɵ·¿ԼĶԴɽһӵȰҲԳЩٻûɶȤϾԼһִӣ˳ѧҵȻף׬Ǯȴ⣬³̫̫Ҳˡ
˵ظԽûգ껹ˡҲ֪ǲǻȥ˵Ҫ¿״ԪУҾȻƷ⵹³ԽЩȣԼҰһӺòˣЦк껡
ǼҸײأЩ
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ĸҲ̫ˣ綼̫Ҹ˰ɣ
öϲˣƯά˵һѣǽҲĻŭŵģæԣҪǲżȥĻڼסˡ
껺Ժһ٣ŶƤڼҵʱҵҷſԣʲôܡ
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ҲǳԲǺóԵĲ̫ܳ࣬ɣԵҲܲԣ˲¡
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Ĳɲڵ³ɺѸٳΪ˹һˣѺͶʦİƳĹߡءڱ
Ǻ󻰡
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ģ˳͸椳˵мˣԨ֪ʲôӺ˳ˣԵ˳ѾѾĶҲ
ڸ椣ϲŴѾʶ
Ѿ׼µϸڣȻǣұ˴ˣѾҲֵܽһദӣôżԨͨŰĴޣӹĵҲȷǿ졣
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ǰϦΤϺŮҹ̸һϣڶգ³ַǷϾ³ҵĴϲ£ھӺ;ĺЩȫŹأһʱ俴˾Ȼаô
³ɼŮҲǰٸнļױȻǲض˵ˣ³̫̫ǶһݣѾޣѷɫھŮ
һʮ꣬³̫̫ŴżµŮ涣ΤҲ棬ӻСѾѧһĻĻǰ⵽ĵһŮҲۣ˳ǿ޵³ȫڲˮŴѾ˻Ρ
ԨǱߣйʱ˾׵ĳҲС֪ܼҼģҲ̾һѾиҲ˵ܼҵĸڵ³ҿɲǴǰ³ˣ³ҴļױܼҺ³ҽףܲȥ
˵硣ֻһ䡰ŵԣϲԵԼףˡ
ԨȢأչһĸġ
³ǰԨģΤϺʹɺ۾˵ͷ
ʱ
߰ɣ߰ɡ³ɻ˻֣ͷѹסʣ˿̸ͷµĴѾҲѾ档
Ƴһܣʱܼ̽ҵĴšһӵĴլԺžܿ˼ҵķɣԹžɣȻգլӭµŮˣլȻһ¡
¸衢أܼ٣󲿷ֱͶǡӪˣֻУһ٣
Ǳǵ̫Ҳһ񣬻ǿ³հϣԨ˴α˹ȴܼܿ⼸ʮһֱĬĬţһʲôҲȻıš
Ԩǰ˼ҹߴӵڴͷһȣס˴Ѿ֡
Ѿ̧ͷľǺݺһ
Ԩ˵˵Ҳȥܹ֮
ѾѾĸǰ˵ʵ⣬ģھְߣպҲΪһǰ;ҡ
֪Ҳ⡭Ҽ޵ˣǹ
һĻԨԽȣ̲סӵסԼӡ򣬽ҹ
󣬵ǸܼܵٶȷĻص˵ʱſڵѾȻˡ
ȻҲǺˡ
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Ű˷Űˣ
ԷŰ
ǡ괺æʱڣҾ¥ֲ֣Ųմأ֪ǶӻԷŰҲѵ÷Ц˳ȥ
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·Щ
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ۼֿ죬ܿͼȺ˹Ժ
ǰֻﶼЩϿӣһСңǲڹԺſڲˤһӣҺñһס˸첲
û°ɣ
Էʱһ֪Ǹæòллӣû¡
û±ãջԷŰ񣬹ԺſЩһǰԼֵܿ񣿡
˵ɽȪʹ磬һȻڼдֵģǶ˻Щִ٣΢΢ͷһѿصް£椽մһɫȹ紵˿ƮޱߣʶĲ˺Ȼһ㶡
椣
Զһ˵۾һԷǵ껣껺³ߵĽȻϤˣ椿ĵ¶һЦ֮Ϲ
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Ŷ
ͯ꣬ǰѾˣҲǳſڵİ񵥶ȥ·Ѷ԰ϵĽ֪
λԷŰ³λʮˣλжʮ壬˳ɼǲǰԪ֮λȻд֡衡
ѧۣôôϤ
ͿĶӣԪ֮λǳԺſ
ԶԶԣȷû뵽СүʮƱĲɾȻҲôãһβμӰɣͰεͷ
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117 ⣨ţ
ԻԽӰ, ҲΪĿϽʿ֮ԺѾûʲôҪˡӶô㣬ò˶Ľѡ
Բ¥ǰΪ³հ״Ԫʱڹһϯ, ˵ƹӵСٴ˽ʿ, ׷մϲȻûдϯ, ԼһССףһ
³հ֮, ϸ״ԪɴһլԺڻʳǸհӵס, ³Խȥһ, طڵĳ֣סߡ
, ζӶϽ, ³ԽھլӵҲ, Ѱ, ַһס
Ժ, ﻹһС԰, ȻرĴ, λüã߽ű, ߹־νȡլܱߵլԺҲ࣬ңΧһƬ, һ֪Ҳϲھ, ֮䲻ӵ, ΧתһȦ֮, ָҪˡ
ڴסˣ治סּķӡլӸ涼ͦҪû죬³Խ͸
ѡһĺӣ³˰ˡ
³̫̫ͶסˣҲɿһ˾Ҫ˼ǰҲլԺҲͦ⡣Լ۵Ů⣬ɷĲ¡ææµµһ£³Խǰռ˵ϲúͲ֣լҲһ£ȫ˰ʱ򣬺;³ҴԺͦġ
ԭԺȻǲܶھͽɺΤһչţҪ³̫̫ˣȫڻȥסһʱ䣬ֻҲǺԶ
Ǩ֮գȫ¼ҳһԲ
ԪͶնոǻֵҲ˳ǣؽǣһԪҪլһЩ
³³հһͬ³֮͹ˣŴԽأҲʮο
̣հкüûˣһͷ·ôҲģ״ԪȻ˸ۡհһʱϲܣڵҲˣհվӴ˶Ҫڼס¡
Ц֣լǻ״͵ģвסĵҺϲ徻Ҫϳ̫Զ㡣
һЦǣ磬ڿҪɼҵˣס״ԪɣҺ͵ס
椣ң磬ҺԵкóԵģ
³հԹĿԼĵܵãɿĲ׽Сӻ˼⻰ɶ¶ˣ
ȫҶ³հĻ£³հ״Ԫ֮׼ϴֻͻ飬ǾļҵĹﻹûжڸô˵ȫ˵߾Ͷ˹ȥ
㣬֮˵ģ˵ǱҵŮʲôҸˡ
³ЦϢͨ
³Ҳô˵ȫ˱֪ʮа˾ǶˣæǱҵŮ³հЩΪ飬³͸˵
֮λĶǴһƷԱԲ˵УΨбܼҼһ
һһĺÿŮȥոճޣŮΪһˣŮոռǣŮŮСʵҪָ飬ǴӲܼҶѡ
һˣ磬ģǺø
椸пȫ˶Цˡ
³հһûһƲ飬˵ϵ˭ܲµ׼
³ͷǣ˭հĻٽܶ£ɩҲõġ
³ԽһۣӣǣҲòˣý궼ܰѻ¶ԳɼҵȥҺ찲ӣ
͸椶һ㶣ܵߣǲŲҪôȰߣǻҪŵأ
˽Ц³հӣεҡҡͷ
³㿴򸣱ʣЩϢô֪ģǴӵҹ𣿡
һԣ˵Щ㣬ʶ˶࣡
³Цˣǵĸǻû볯Ϊ٣Ȱ鶼ˣⵥҹҲ˵ǸģҹӺϵٵϢû˵ʶ˲١
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䣬̲סԴҪɶ£Ժ̤̤ʵʵı¾Ͳˣ
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ȫ˹Цڣ¼ҳһԲ
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¼һжոµģ³ԽСԺӣµļӴ³Խר˶Ƶģһ ˯ôµľЩϰߡ
װ˵ǿ϶òˡ
Ҳԭ˺üϲԡͰǴ˹ֻǼӺԭȵĸˣͷŵĻ¶ͻ궼кü֡
ƼˣЦãҲ֪ʲôʱ׼ģЩȷ¼ҵĵһϴһˮ衣
ԡ˷³ԽڷæҲ֪ڹĵʲô߽ŷڸŪ¯Ц֣ɣֱˡ
³Խջ֣ȷ֪ôĵЩСЩŮҵĶļʵõĵط³Խа취׵ġ
ĸЩ¯㣬ʵ
˵Ūϲ
һ¾֪̲ס˴ǸŮҿأѹ˵ԡĻô࣬ԭѾͷ⡣
³ԽŹ⣬յǰţ㡭
һȣܲŮ׼ôණ
³ԽȻЦһѾͰ§˻һ죬ȥˡ
Ҫ˵ԴӶŮˣǵûǰôˡ³ԺȻҲСǸ͸椴˾ͷֿסˣ³ԽԺӣһڶһߣǰ滹ڣʱȷͦεġ
ڻ˴լӣסԺԺһȣԺ
ӸǸһɽֳٴĶ³Խ˿ĵġ
ֻžµļӴһϾ;þܵġҧ˺ü³ԽļֻϧƤûһоֻçһɶֳ˱ҪĶ
ڶգҪ³Խⴲˡ
椼˻䣬³ԽԼࣺ˯ߡ
椻Цǵ˯߰ɣ϶ϲӴྫ°
պô߳һ죬תȥˡ
³ԽƤɫİ½ҹȥˡ

º󣬸ٵּˣȫҶǣûȥԺȥ˹Ʒ˾ĸ£³֮⹤ʶǼҸ
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