ػ֮ͨ
: ²
:
ϱӼӰǮҹؼ·ϱ˴ײˤˡ
һˤԽ1974꣬ΪϷСǣһ˼ͥܳŮ
Ľǰѣʱк֢кӣΪǰ;δġ
ھӽһӵӪһҸоĽΪͲ¥һڴӦŲ˿õĻ£Ӵ˺ͻһҴСӻͻңһ·ȥˣ˶ڡӶǶ¡ɷɹ԰
һʱ£СĹ¡
-
*żи£ץ棬Ǹľ飬ظĶ
?ݱǩ ʱԵ Խʱ  
ؼ֣ǣģһ  ǣ  һ
һ仰飺ʱµС
⣺ͬģϸˮ


1 
죬̫գлվһ֡
鲨鲨㲻ߣ
һ黨Ĺۣ׷ǰͷˡ
ѳסǸС 鲨 ˵䣬¶󣺡㲻ܾ飡
˽Ժ鲨һͷǺһһףһ·һ·飬ò׵˻վȻţ䣬޲ðѽڵϣ
ءء
ӲԶԺ鲨һ
Χв𳵵ˣǶ֣ǰΧָָۣģڿ޵һͿĴӹеĿ˹˹ģôŮͬ־ôأ
ʽҪҪæй
Ժ鲨һΧۣ۶ϳٱԼ䣬˽һѣͬ־Ǹ־ԸϣѾˣ㲻ٲң
Ժ鲨㲻ƭ飡ֻ޿䣬ԸԼˣԸϱԺ鲨ˣ
𳵵վͣгԱƱ˸ϽϳСվֻͣʮӡ
Χǵ½˼ƱƤ𳵣̽ͷ֣ô¡
 ǲ۸Ůͬ־ˣ
ϽѾͬ־ɲܷŹ 
Ժ鲨Χ۵һһ䣬ͷƤ飬Ŵ򿪾Ҫϳȥ
Ҳˣɴ Ժ鲨Ĵȣߣ޵һѱһ᣺㲻ߣøҸ飡ˣô
Ժ鲨˳˦ǰŮһƣһ˫۾ţϻš·ͷϴźñǱ˽׼ŮĴѧǰ;ˣֻǿӲ˵ˣң
ҪˣԺ鲨䱻ŽţæűߵļŵϲĽһſȥ
Ÿȥ Ժ鲨
ߣȥ飡
гԱҲ޴ܣɻ𳵾Ҫˣֻòͷеû˵ʲôҪϳýƱ
Ժ鲨һ½ϻ𳵣þȫѽ˳ȥ
СԺ鲨һƵԶԶġ
Ժ鲨ץ޲óߣԶٲæȥ±׷
ƵðԶɵڵϣĥƤվȴֶ۵ɫৡرˡ
ԱĵĴи̷סСĹ۲ȥ㿴ĽţôѪ
˭ҲҶڵϵĽˡ
ӿʼʹԼѪҧ˵ոջԺ첨վҲûС
ʱµ˶ģ˼ȥ˻վĹԱ
ԱŮͬ־ôѪҲҶֻöһɽѾʹ˵ˡ
Ǹո³ĴҴУ˼һԴϵ˽ⲻǻӵ𣿡
ǳվ˽гһﳵ쭣ѽ
ߴĸӣŹ챳ģݰͰ͵ģһһȺгͿֿܹȺ˽ȥԼҵСɫֽڵϣѪѿӶʪˣؿںңҪǲҪ......
ɵСã
۵ᣬ°СãСãǶ磡
۾һ죬þȫгһ...С硣
Ѵ֣̫նҽԺܣһ·Ѫ
......
緹ҴССĳԱӽĸɩ𣬻СֶӽƽȫӼҽԺ
ҽѶԽ˵ĻֶԽ˵һ飺...·ݺС˿û...
...幬꣬˻Һ...
ܻܲУ...жϣȷʵȽ...
һĽŰ۵ҽӲͷƤοҲ...Ժ󣬿ܻлٻ...
һӳҽҲ˵ȥǡñͬһУæˡ
ҽĺͼͬ¶˵нŮ屾ͲãٻеĿԣҪˡ
ĸѾʮͷˣڳʵһӣӣмòȴ۰СŮ£
󶼲ǵô죿
úÿ˳Ц۾ģйĹôãһ˻ܼɼͥȥĸŮ˲Ҫ
˭֪Ҫϣûкӣô죿
ҽ֧֧ĻҸĸһӾӣ·һ˲ʮꡣ
ĸԭǵ۾ᣬ̲סޣҿô
ƽոżпڽǵĴɩҲˣ۾ģɷ򽭺ӿŶӽƽһ԰οţ˵һЩĻСҲͬ顣
һȭҽԺǽϣǸԺ鲨 ö˶˵˵ʲô־ͬȻС飡
ǽҳӣ˽Ļô¡
ҡͷֻǲ²˵...С׷ Ժ鲨ȥ˻վͷ˵˿Ժ鲨һСãСòˤġ
ǸʵˣڳﻹڼԼȴһģСý˵СųҲΪ˵ܵܵĻӿһŭ Ժ鲨Ȼ۸ͷϣ޲ô
ֵܶŭţǽ̾΢΢ֱͦôҾҪҪӡ
ոҽ˵岻ãڼСӣԳһϴϴϱǰѷһС϶ȥ磬θ¼٣˵˵ô¡
ˣֻŭ˵ȰԹ󣬾ȥһμС١
ҲϴӦ˵ҪѷĴóֹˣֻ˵ӵһͺá
Ȼв죬ŹĻҷԣοСӣǻزȥˣҪǲܵȥ
ֻܵͷ˵֣һȥѶޱҳ˷ãСõһ档
ȻҪˣǾװɡ
һ˾ֺùһܽסԺɽĸʹϱͷչˡ
һܺԭЩӪĽݳһѹͷԺˣһ˫۾ʧȥյɣЦҲ˵ڴ컨壬Ҳ֪ڿЩʲô
ü˶ŵһ飬תͷȥǸǿʲô»Ұһ㡣
ĸ۾ãˣôӽӽǳĸλ
Щ죬տޣҹҹޣһСŮܲкӣ͵ĵòˡ
һһԣĽƽҴ˵Цˣϸűתǵôǲˡ
üνĸ˵ǽû취ٻ飬һýӺͽֵܵĺӶտŮ
ӺͽȻͷӦǵӣȻ岻ݴǣ
ҲǸƲһƨӣؿ°ֻһ˺ȵƾƣƱóȥƱСŮԳԣô˵ľ񲹻
......
µ죬̫ң¸ⶼһ̫ɽʱ춼ǺɫϼһƥУһ졣
軹ڿްסڵФһѺƤţ۾ҺqqСȥôȥ۾ɲŶ
Фӱ˵߰Ļ𣺡ȥƽƽԡ
æϵú̿¯ӣФǰѻ˹л
赣СãСþֲãǰιȥˡѹ֣ӵʻҲǳȥСˣ˵κܲˣҲ̫ˣ˵˺ЩĻ
⺢ܿˡФӸ̾Σܵ
ҶסǳͲ¥ǳͬ£ʮھӣ¥¥£˭֪˭¶
⽭ǰ˻飬ʱƵڵϣ˭֪ʱˣȷѪ͵ҽԺȥѾˣɾҽ˵壬ƺкӡ
Ҳ۰ŮˣϽöϱСŮ壬ӽƽܷСý
ФӴǰǳĸŮΣǸҲɵˣôϱ˹СŽ⺢ӵºͷһʣȰοȰοĸ
ĸ۾ԭȾͲãڼСŮϴ۾ëˡ
Ͳ¥ã֣ҲֹһĸĿˣΪĸףֿģФҲ̡
ϴ󽭺ӽü꣬˸ӽнƽˣֿɰС𣬼Ͳ¥ĳ߸˵شкͲ¥ĴǶ
Ͳ¥ϾطСҵķһһͷӷ޴ŽƽסĸϾڿ̯ųʣһӹҹ
ڽ˻ֻңܲùסĻڽӷǸ˸ӣӺһľ˸С塣
һ˵סڳͰ͵ģСңһӾͷɩһķ䣬˵˵ĻתСڴϲҲ֪ʲôʱǸͷǳҲ֡
ФӺ˵˼лпһ½˲磬ͻȥ׼շˡ
ԶѧУ֪ˣְ¯Ӱ׼շٹһСʱǳ͸ֲĳ¹ɷ򣬻ûλС嶼ҪؼҳԷġ
......
ľµĳУнĸ͵͵Ŀѹģ˶ͷֽţİϾɣС䣬ǲţȻһˤƵط
һͷι󣬽ĳԼ壬ڴǽϣôطġ
ǰһϣ˺ܾõһͻö򷿺ͬǩ֮ͬ󣬽ĸͬһڹ˾ҹףǩտɢȥΪ˵СƣûɴСͻͻ綯ؼҡ
ؼҪ·һܸߵţĺòװѵ綯ȥҪŵʱ򣬱һҹСײһ£ײֱ˴˳̨һ·ȥֱʧȥ֪۾󿴵ģǸС羪ŵ
Сǰһۣιιιؽ˼ˣʹ۾û취ӦСˤˣȻһ˺ŵ綯ˣ
˵Ȼˣ
ʱΪԼ͵ҽԺϸȻһСĸ䡣
˵䶼̫ˣһ鷺ƵİɫӣС͸΢һĴŵСʱүүһסͲ¥ĸ֡
ΪԼΣλͯ꣬˭֪ۻƵС䣬ǿײֻһ˵С
۵òУǩĵӣûֵɣʮ򰡣һĿͻ
Ǯ
ûõأ
էĲҶ˼ҽԷͳԼڣҲҿ˵Լ¶ڶˡ
ֱڶ˯ŵʱǸнŮеļ䣬źȻȫӿС
֪һĴԽȻϣ
ʲô
ǸڴĥĶҪгҪȥΰ21ͣ
ȻȴҴҹ˾˼Ŭƽһԭļ䣬ֵ޼ֻǽȽҪһЩ
ͷûԣЩӪ͸ˣѹһֱڴ
еȻûиصǰһŮȷʵȺŮҪѹ֣Ůϵͻϵϣͬ
ǰԺ鲨飬ǸһýԼǸŮˣֵñŮˣĴ֮£־
뵽ҹԺ˯ȥȴһűӵĴ۾ŮҡԼҪҺúûȥ
˯ʣ˭Ҫȥ
ԺҾ㣬ҡҪˣٲˡǸűӵŮɾƮȻȥ
ڶĺ֪ѵԭ
ԽԽ£ŵһƤ
˵Ӳ񣬿ִԽ鷢ԼϣҲûʲôѧܽ͵ͨ
µ˫ֺʮ߶߶ģѷĸ·ﶼ˸飡


2 
Ķ߶£ɷǶ˸ʱиƽͷСк˽ؽСùã緹
Ŀ˿ǰнƽСѣСƽͷ۾ԲҲ׾Բ
Ͳ¥ܰѺ⣬⻧˼Ҳʲô̱ļͥӦñһԭͥҪࡣ
ģǽæһЦݣȵСùãϾ
ȥϾҪĢˡ
ƽͷСùһۣڰ׷Ĵ۾Щ棬ƽҪСùúüСùòӦһ䣬쾹Ȼôо
֡⡱֣ܵ裬Сù˵Ҫˣ
˽ƽĻԭЩƵĽҼˣȫվסǸС̽ͷȥǰЩ緹뿪ˣҲҪˣ
ĸȲе꣬ÿӣѾ·ͷЦõӡ
ĸ˫ֶŴڰݰݣС˵˺ˣҵͺã
˵ֲ˲ᣬһѰѽ§ڻסͷ
ѾкЩûô׽ˣһİĸڻǼ⴫һ͵ĸ׵ζܲڣֻܱ˵ͷأѬˡ
ĸĴ˽ļһ£ģһСʱʲôʺƨûŹѾͷˣ
ܲڣĸж˶ˣи۰ĸףůĻţ۾ҲЩʪ󣬲ֱסĸİɣҺˣ󶼺ˡ
ĸ仹ؿǸ˵Ŀޡ
ͷڰӣҲóһǮƱýȥӣ緹ȫ˿磡
ӦһǮһ̶ܳȥˡ
űĸǣŴͷӲͷƤͽҵ˴кĿվŻţһӵˣҺÿԭϢÿ˶ԵϺš
ʹ罭Ӹһº͵ЦŽϴ緹
ɩѷ˽ݣҲĵЦݣС˾ͺã
СٲžҪ۾Ϲˣ
ĳϴߵſһֱһ
Ͳ¥һʮС䣬ÿС䶼סˣתѣ˵ÿſڻý¯Ӻ¥Ŀ϶ֻһˡ
ҵķ¥ÿһҶƮѣҲҲ
ϱͲ¥סʮ꣬Ŭѧƴ׬ǮҧߣòװͲ¥һԽֻصͲ¥...ҧгݣʹ첻
û취ҲҽгֻöһھӺĿʺһߵ¥ϵĹˮ׼ϴ
ĸŸůˮںͷ߶߶ģ㻹ϴˮˮ
˵ø´ɱװˮˮݸȰؿ󶼲ˣ㻹ء
Ͳˣĸ룬ֻҪúûţһӻš
֪ˣڻСӣˮĸЩȴܾ⣬ĶǵãԼжûܵ΢Ĺذˡ
ãԼĽӹĸϵıˢˢʱ˵ϴͷϴ衣
治֪ԭô£µ죬糿Ӵ̫ͳˣôȵȻüûϴͷϴ裬ҲȫĺնҪζˣֳȣ
ĸԭ뷴ԣ룬Сɾһÿ춼ҪϴͷģǱﻵˣӦúúã͸ˮϴͷ
һȣ룬⴩ԽͲ¥ҲȻǻ£ٽļ
緹ʱ򣬽ƽŽʱʱһ佭ֱۣЦģڵؿӣóӺϲСùöֶҲǲġ
ڽ棬ָݣͣഺǼˣӪݵرۡ
򸾰Žƽ򸾶˶ڿˣӵò񽭸߶ͷ䣬ǵӰɵĽɫ
ƫƫ˸üЦʱϺһǳ
ĸЦģԸȶٶٳԴ⻹ˣ
˵ͽ˫ӣʱֻ˰˷ӣٳ񣬶ĸϷ˵ĳ࣬ŵ㣬۾ҲԲҶ˵Ǹиġ
緹ʹ罭ȥϰ࣬ƽһͷľͷɻ¥Сȥˡ
׼š
ǰʽСãʲôСȥ
δüϴϴͷһζ˼
תתӣ뻹ҡͷԭļ֪ڸûйҪɢεԱ
ԭǰѧУҪģطͳƱˣ˭֪ȻǷӣȥһ롣
һºȲˣθëʲôֲĸľˣ뾡취Сϰյļͥû·û취ﻧں͹飬˵͹ϵ
ˣ˸֪ĺڻ˻飬˭»һѣͲ¥Եã⼸Ҳû˹ʹȥٱ
խСһͻؼҳԣ˯ʱûڼＷԾܵҵطסͬѧһţһһҹ
ż˵ǮǸͷǸƽʳܹ鶼ǻڼϵġ
СĹϵͺܺá
СþܾԼͷ룺УƽƽǺ«˵ʹϾɲЬˡ
ϴͷˣĸͷԱ߷һͰˮ
ˣӦһȵģһӶǺˣԭߣǸ㲻
ϴϴͷɾ·ӣľԼϵÿһë׶ɢϢ
ڵФӱԼСоˣЦǺǵģܴ顣
ڽͷæëкֶ˶Сӣɰ
Фӿ˿ĵɫԭЩɾ࣬ο㻺ˣЩӶ޳ϽŮˣ
Ĳ˼ЦЦԭТĺڹ
úúã˾Ҫ߰˵ӵ̫ڶãФ֣Ҫ
ĵͷ˵öԣҶôع
ФˣǰڹС飬ڰ̷ӵ˼ͨһгɾ͸У˵껰СӺټ¥ȥˡ
պóˮСվſڣ˵Ф˾飬ǰ컹üأ㶼ء
ĸ˼ˣ˵Ҫȥ·ϴˡ
æס⼸մˮúһӣ
ֻðԼС·ֻѿӸ˴ɩһЦǾ鷳ɩˡ
Ȼ֪ΪʲôСͻȻû룬һ˵·ȥˮ
ĸŰӳſ潭ͷϵ̫̫ңɹЩ
Ͳ¥ﲻ֪˭ҿô󣬰붰¥˶ü
ǷһסȥսǻԲλ޲׼Ĺũͬ־ǣϺã㲥̨197456գĵʱڣũͬ־ǿʼ...
1974ꣿ
̧ͷеᣬصİޱȡĿסϤ1974ꡣ
...ĸϼ˸УãȻۣʲôأ˵ء
...ôˣĻǺѽг衱ǸƺûӦԼݡ
˵õˣȥ٣Ϣ죬ͻȥϰࡣŮͷˣĸͷɱӣĳڷÿĲˡ
ڼҲаˣʵڲõ̫á
ĸҲ֪ˣеСԱỵһýôãˡ
ȻԺӵԵֱȽѣǧԼʲôѣҪúȥ
˵ĸֻϹɨä࣬ʶֲ࣬صǶġ
һңڸոյ˻У˽ĸһ伦Ļ˳ӻû뵽˼˼뻹ͦġ
ΰϯ˵ˣŮܶ죬ϯ˵ĸĴֱӣϯ˵ܶˣ˼뵱Ȼý
ǵģܵøһ
ıһһЩҲ֪ܲٻص21ͣɼȻˣϤһ»úͷץȥо
¥һ¡ĿڣǸ衱ֿסڣû
ĸ˵ŮҪ¥һޣӶͳһƱӣһŵǮȥɣʲôʲôӿɰίˣܳԱĶ֪𣿡
֪ˡĽӹǵƱӣһëëҲëģ﷢ᣬҲ֪ĸ˶á


3 
¥ȥˣĸݰһЩûõĻóŰߺãֽڿУ׬СǮ
ФӵС˯ˣҽĸ˵˳С
Сӣžͷˣڿɷˣ
Сǽĸ֣Ͳ¥ҲʹЩϽ㣬Сˡ
ˣ˳˳ġĸ¶Цݣﺢƽˡ
𣿡Фѹʽĸ
ңȻʵǣҪҪһɷ
ĸϾᣬ˵Ҳˣ...ҼңҼţŸպá
ǲ̫żЩ
֪ڼٶ൱ûܿϰФֽغŻУõǿ
Ͻڣڿû£Ů˼ûɽһжƤ۸˵Ļܵ˳һܹʮ壿
ϴ϶ãܱ֤ɩӶСҲͷΣԶĲ˵Ͳ¥ɩìܻ٣
⻰ְѽĸǳˣŮܶ죬ɱ˵ĭҲˣŮ˾ǻñҪЩοǸ˶Ҫġ
ФҲ̾ӣ˵ȥȷʵҡֽ˵ҪǷũ壬ҲһЩϹˡ
ĸǸܲˣֲγ֪
¥һңǰЩ̣ˣֻʣˣƫɷ򣬴ʮŮҹû׳ˣжӸǰϷòˡ
ĸ˵ֻĬĬᣬ߲۾ֱߵĻҲͣ
Ф˵Ҳûб˼˵ǻиҵģھҪˣһŮûãһ͵úúÿˡ˵úõһ޸߰ˡ
һΣǲҪ˽С
֪ˣллФ㡣ĸǰԭŮεĳƺ
ҪкʵģҲ⡣
ǣھӣҲǿġФӴ
ԱҲһ䣬·һã˵ʲôֱȥ˫üϲ֡
ǽĸ˿ڣϴϱ֪ҲȰҡʱ䣬ίϴˡ
һˣ˵ʲôίί̰֣Щý֪ţݲСӣǵøܲɡ
ǸˣТ˳ĸãϱҲãúúõģɲ뵱Ҿ
Ф˵ҲԣһɷûҺãһǶúúСۡ
ЩӻͷûкʵˣϾСйĹǳﻧڣº˵ء
¥ſ·ûʲôˣǻϰȥˣĺѧ¥ĶƽСǣӵϷ
Ȧһǳ͸ֽļᣬܰʮͲ¥ͷƤ顣
룬￪СУרν׺Ͳˣⲻ
۵ȫǵͰƽߵͲ¥Ҳ㣬Ħ¥ĽһʱЩӦ
Ͳ¥ȦҵһС԰м˼
˵С԰ǳʮγһ޴мƾɵĵӡ
˸£ۣ͸֦գ21͵Լ
Խ֮ǰ30꣬Ǹز˾ԱѾˡ
23ѧҵڹ˾ڲָ꣬ʮŶָڽ󣬺öһ˾˶ѡְĸλֻ⼸ѡȥһߡ
ӣɣ
Щ꣬ǹڵزĺӰޱȻ
ȥһ߳ӣоһ𱬵¥̣һȣÿʮɣְͬ߶ˡ
ٿѴһǮڸĸ￪ǰصǣŹ˾ڲϢ¸ĵСÿ³˻˺ȥһǮֱԽ֮ǰﻹʮ
ϻûֵʮɣǾоʮˣ
ǵķӺǸСҲˮǴߣԭ׼׬ǮȹʮͰСٻӡ
˭֪㲻㣬һ˵ӣСûˣֻܼסͲ¥
ˮ£
޳
ҡͷ
̾
ȥ
ŶｭĸǮޱȻԼľʮ
̫ԽԽȣɹһͷֲ˲ͷϵĺֿԼֱװ
ˮվʱķֽ⸱ƤһǲģԲ۾Ц̵ģôƵʺۣ֮⣬ؼǽȫףӡ̺۶ûС
˳ʳȱͻͶѡ
Щн飬һжԿͻΪһʮСʱȫڿͻʳʪȣʮСӣϳ곤żŴ󶹶ƤֲڷͣŮʵڲմߡ
.......
򼦵𣿡һϰվڽǰһ
İԼȥĻгǰϰţͷַף·˲˫ֲִڲϣﱧһӣϻźü
ȥ̣ʰţǮһ
Ǯһϰ˵ǵʲô˹ҪƱ
ĵϰǣ۶Է˵٣ҪѹѹۣɿϰŻǵ˫ۣعҲѣסѹ۵Ļм
ϰ˵20¼ִֺóԡ˵ƿסǿ鲼
ϵͣһ̲࣬ˣʱģĸ˸ֻýĳԣƽֻܸɿš
ңҾȫҪˡȻ˫ֿضʮ
ϰԥһ£ϵýǮ
һëݸϰţǼʿˮţ𣿡
ϰŲԸҹﻳˣ㡣
ҲǿϰŻǽ⿪һݸģǮȥ԰ɡ
ţҲռˡСֻһëǮˣľͰһëǮϰš
ϰŲ˼ָժ
һӼͼʵĺֵߵߵͲ¥ߡ
·˽ϻСǺ«סСãļ
һġľˣҪȥɲˣ
ҿҿ·ûʲôˣ̫ﰡڻӶץͶأҲҪôţԼѻ˵ˣû˿ˣԺˡ
ĸƣʳȱԷҪƱҪţϵʽдţ˵»һͷ󣬺޲ھʲôܰԼͻ21ȥ
Ǻ«ݸģùһӼ߶߶ôһɵˣ㻹ǹԱأɲ˸ץˡ
صңɩ׼¯СһӼΪȥܱģ˭֪Ѽźã˵Сġ
СȻż䣬ɴ˽ҲԸְ䷿ԭ֮һ
ɩϴ֣Ĺ˹
ı潭ϳĹ˶˵Ĺӳ߾͹ˣ⼸죬ԵĶ嵭Ķǰﶼܵ
ϴʱڵФ¥ģſڻӶҴҴкͷȥҽĸǡҲͷ͸һ˵ˡ
СӣҸ㽲ϵ¸ɶûôɣФֵȷ磬ˮȣܻͽĸ˵¡
ϲ˵Ҫһⲻ˯ͷˣ
ĸϵĻУҲǰФӾͰ˵һ顣
ԭФӵĴŮǰȥְ£һͬѧ¸շ档
¸շԭϱߵģԱ󣬹ϵתԭأתеѾйִӳˡ
⼸¸ַиսлһң27꣬ӪΪ߸ߴ󣬳ֳţһ˲ţñǱӣ۾۾ģһ
ϧˣڲżĸ⣬·ǵ쵼籨¸շ棬кʵĶ󣬾Ͱһһ
쵼˼Ǿ˺󷽼ͥҪȹ̣ս
¸շǡФӵŮ֣ΰĸԭǳ𣿰ʶŮͬ־϶Ƕ࣬⡣
֣ΰȥԼİФӢ˵ˣФӢͻԼ˵¡
ô£ФӰѻ˵꣬ǿҲˡ
飿Ϊʲô飿档
ǰСֵʱ򣬺ܶΪӱdҷҪͰ֮仮ϵԸⱻ۲ġ
˳úãǸ٣Ҳʲô׼ˣΪʲôҪأ
ɲΪǴŰгŵ˿ɲܸܽСã
Сڷұ۸󻹲Ҫȥӡ
Фӿ˫üû𣿡
ͷĽְ£С˵ӪǰͷǸܲ˵ɩĿ࣬顣
ȥӪֻǻ˵ӪΪץа˸ûؼңһѶûУǾ쵼˭֪Ķǰİҹ£ʵھܲˣӻң飬ͰӶ˻Ӫ
ɾ˻ú󣬻ӪӪַܷӣͿˣǰͷǸҲ
⣬ӣĸ꣬һΪѡ
˻飬ϾҲģӣȥ裬ĸܲˡ
ФӲ˵ˣŽĸ۾͸˼ȴֱס
Ѿ...ѾѻˣﻹҸõˣ
ĸҲ֪ԼЩǿѣӪкӣФҲ벻ǺôҲǾء
ھ˶ٰһĶ˼Ҫ˵ףӪкӣǳŮ޸
Сӣ𼱣˵ӪҪʮµģϽúһ¡˵ţФֳŴŬŬ죬ҪʱҲһᣬ˼
Ůšɷ̨ϷʱѾųˣ˳㻹˸ϲϺ׵
ͽһĽƽ¥ϴֳԷ
İѲ˶˽ФӣǼҳڣ
Фĺ˼˼ԷռʳˮҲˣվߣŽĸüŪۣҾ͵ϢˣǵúϽ


4 
ФĻһңʱеĹӪԭİ೤¸ַԷ˵һͷ⣬ߦ棬͵ˣԵ㡣
ǳ¸ַҪȥϰֵ࣬ƻúȵСơ
һҰģҰͷҲȥʡھ˳㣬Ҳϱ¸ַһ棬ȥͷ⡣
һҾѵɹúڣ˾ʱ೤Ļʱһ˿죬Ҳ˵ƵģһûŮ˾Ҫһ
ҲżҦίߵüѵ籨ˡ˵Ҳͦ˼ġ
¸ַȰˣúȢޣԷˮһ
ûɼûǰǶһһ˳ԱȫҲ㿴кӵˣ鶼ãΪӿǡ
һڲӳԷû⣬ҪѺӴţ˭£иŮ˺ûŮˣζһ㶼ͬ
Ǵǰǳֵܣ¸ַҲ°ѻ˵ˡ
һҺǰ㾭˽ܣ꣬Ƿֿġ
㲻˺Ӻ˳źȥ̽ףһϷ˵˱ĶĶϰߣס˲죬ͺһͬ̽׵ľɩִźӻ˻һϼҡ
˽Ӻ͸УЩˣϰϺͻϲϣìֻðѺ¸үү̣һ˻ңֻÿһȥǡ
ǰ깤æȥģûԣʵҲ֪ŮǺãʵڻûƷôãˡ
ڻһұֻѺӴԼߣ費Ҫǣֵĵø
룬һҲ㣬һ˲ϼеͷȶû취˿ţߣҲǿġ
Ҳ֪ӵĹʣ겻żңϵеĹԾ˹ֳݣʼͷͷشӦˣͷֺڡҪ࿴ģúͶԷ˵ҿܾСĺӣ˼ңҲڡһҴһ棬Ƶġ
¸ַҲ̾ڰˣ˭˵أ긺ˣһϥǾʹԱؼҡ
Ա죬žȢϱӣҲæصζһȷ͸ɾѣźҲȣӹζǧ𲻻
ɾԷΪְҪάң͹˲Сңٺͻһľˣû취չ˼Сȫ
УΪһҵϰ೤˺ģһҪյսҸ׵ĺϱô󷽣޺֮ǣҲ֪֪ӵ
죬ôʮµİɣ
ԭƻʮ죬ڿӣٶ졣һ˵
ʲô񣬻һҲ˵¸ַҲʡ
......
ĸһ綼л㱵ģФĻͣһٷûϽ
ϽСŮҪ˵ŮҸкӵģ˵ܺ
Ϸ޳ܣѿ
룬룬Ф˵öԣһؿŮö೤۶ˡ
Ļ֪ҪԼýյطԶϤһУе˸УеֻţһϤķڲ𽥰
ʳܸοİ
ܵǣڽѳپʮ˿Ǯһһ𣬻мʮŲͬƱݡ
ǮоͲţ
ǸСţҪ֪ڹһ¹ҲʮǮȥȻܴô࣬һĽһǸסǮġ
̵ذǮźãǮǮͷǮǺܽġ
ѰŽļ䣬뿴ôǮģţȻֲԣٿǮǽǰԺ鲨ģ
Ժ鲨Ĳˣ
˰ѽһƵڵϣýˣ˵ٻУɼʱʮʮҪˡ
Ƶϻ𳵣ƨɵˣ˵Ǹ˵У
ְѽļǰ˷淢Ժ鲨ЩԾ
ԭеһɲ˽ܣûãżƶũɷֺͽҵĹ˳ɷ֣ýļױǮһͨϵƼʡĹũѧĴѧ
һ꣬»С޸黹ͦõġ
Ժ鲨ʡ˰ѧ֮Ͳһˡ
ȥ׷żٻԺ鲨ʱʱ˵ǹҪ˲ţһߺŽǮڹũѧԺȣȴһ߱ӽֻиѧ˵˸һ£Ҫ
ǸɵڽĸﻹŵǮѶеǮ͸Ժ鲨
Ժ鲨ʡѧӣÿϰ࣬ﶼһX飬ںźͣ޲ԼҲлᱻƼȥϴѧԺ鲨һ
ϸ£Ժ첨ʡǻͳٿǮ˵ʡһᣬҪͬ־ȥԣмۣŽѻˡ
ʱԺ첨ĵģ㿴ǼûǼҺãҺͰȫң㣬Ǿ㣡
ѵã֯Ҫͬ־ǵǰߣûмۣͥ֯˺þã˺öˣʡ
и쵼ҽˣһֱ˵ϧϧҪˡҵһҪҵõᣡ
ԼҰǮܣһٸģԺ鲨ԲǳԲṼģ
Ժ鲨˵ɿԣս֣Ұ֯ˣܵãǾ͸飬ʱгУһηȢԼҵţ
Ժ첨κĽӦˣڶһȥˡ
˭֪쵽֤Ժ鲨ͷҪһϣٿǮȥڽǮңסٿǮ
ź֪Ӧʲô֯ѡȫԺ鲨ĽڣԲڻվ׷ܣƵˤ顣
ǵǮСµ̲סᣬ֪ǽֱһֱûɢȥԽͬ顣
С죬ڵŻɣΣҪԺ鲨ΪһƸۣ
뿪Ʈһ ʱ¿ʼһҪΪ
ǸеɵĹԭ̫ͥãĸֳ۰ûն
ɲΪһɵԺ鲨۸ûĵ
......
ĸͷ˸ϴ󣬾Ͱѽгȥμ˵ٵ顣
룬βܿǽÿȥʱǱӲǱӣ۾۾ģҲܡ
֪ǲܶģʲôᶼ
ǽǰŪĹָ꣬ٶǮ
λʱ˵͵ǸŮԺļױˡ
ͷ̫󣬽ҲûȥŽĸĻ˵裬ȥˣСһȥ
ҪʲôĻöȥѾһͣûҪȥˡ
ĸ˻ִӶóһǮһ˫ϻ۾˺þòǮǳԹǺˮȥ˼š
ĻҪĸǮⶼ˼һкǮæԼǮóУУ𼱣ҺСȥ򡣡
û취г衱
ĸСŮֹҲûǿǮ綼ҪǵģֳëǮݸ϶̶
...պûãܳġĸȰ㣬Ҳԡ
ĿЦãֲǺӣǸ
ǽĸǰɺˣϸڶ
ŽȥˣȰˮʳãȻ룬ˡ
μиĸףݲãԵĶǸТӣÿعʲôĶĸһݡ
Ĵӽļ﷭Ϣ׼Һˮǡ
ڸ̵ˮʱͬѧ
Ǵк˵һˮ
ʱиɤŮгˮˮզôãǵˮôõ𣿡
ͬ־ҲһһЩΣôһУԱ߼˿ЩΡ
Ҳôã߸ӣûûصģǵĹûⰡɤֿʼС
һֻðֱߵĹϵݳȥҪˣƳء
Ҳ̧ͷһۣһڳɺ̿ĸ߸վǰİһŵİɫȷͻɫ㣬´ϻһ֧ˮʣ˹ĵĸɲ
ɽʲôˣ۾ˣʲôûֻһ۾ȷô˿϶
С磬ҲȥϡתͷԽ˵
ȣϻȥԸպá
һԱߣ˳ȱߵĹһùȥ
ǸɤӸո˳ƺùϣһͷָùϣֽгǲûԹϣ˵˱˱ˣУ˵߷˸ۡ
٣Ƣˣ
·ҵô꣬ûҶԿͻСйҪҪͳҪͰȥħѵһ
λϵ˧˵ʱķ̬Ҫģ
ͶǸɤԱһһãõô󷽷ҲţϲõģⲻǴ
ɤӽﲻ׼ϣ㰮򣡡
˶ԽԲѷ߹վԱߣüʣСãôˣ
ŮĲϡûȽ˵ʲôñżɤ˵ǰεʱ򣬾Ͳϣŵ׼ԴԲģǲһȥȿͳˣر𡣡
ڼסˣ»ˣȥңϡĻ˸Цżɤӡ
ɤӱ񶢵÷ëϰ룬쵼ܰˣԲǶԸɲģ̬ȶӵòˣԱ߻վŸЦݸ߸һʱ汻סˡ
ѳƺõϵݸһԵĻһңȥëƱ
һҿ˽һۣԲԲ۾ģ͸ЦŮѧ濴ŻˣеЦ͸ɴЦһ£¶һŴԵˡ
ţסһңͬ־ƣСƾȣ϶𡣡
...ôô£ɤӲˡ
˼뻻ͻ͵ذһϵݸһҡ
һҵֽӹϸվһߣλŮͬ־˵öԣҪһ
ɤû˵ʲôĻ¶һֵϣЦеӣȴģɤֻȥϳơ
ë壬ƱǮɤӰѹϵݸһҡ
һҸǮƱϣߵʱ򻹶ԽЦЦллͬ־
Ļӻ֣ȷʵЩˣ治ġԱϾ21͵꣬ʱ̽ǿͻϡһּ
л˵
д֣ݣж


5 
Թ󣬽ͽóȥμҡ
ΪΣ˵ӦסһЩɲûУͷҲסͲ¥һסһˣͽûֱ
εİ˴żӻңæֶӣԼֻʣκĸӡ
ʮüˣŰɫģŻɫľ۾׵˫ۣЩϱˣͷɫðһʫʢϡ
Σ˼鷳ˣٵġˮǵݹȥŵ̬
ӵһ飬˫ֽӹƷӭ
Ŀһۣûʲô飬ͺͽ̤ȥˡ
ӸõˮŽĵ˵ǹ...Ĺɣ
û˵飬ʵطôʲô鴫ĴҶֻ֪˵涵ͷ˵ѡ
ĵǺڣԣҡ
úӣܿˡӲסĦ֣¿ƨɣֱҲ˻Բ̣°ͶǸк󸣵ġ
̫Ϥˣǰ̵ϽԼӵʱ򣬾ģ˸Ƶģͷţݿͷֶ˵ġ
Ȼ
Ů˰ʲôʱҪи˵ǲǣͷ
ıܵ뷴ûУʲô˵ʲôֱڹˣֻǵͷˮԼϵĲм͵Į
ȴ⺢Ӻߣָϲ֣иµֶӣʮüʵ˵ǰЩˣĸڷТ˳ĺúӣҸŮ...
֪ӵˣ˵Ժмѣʲôţܸӡ
סĻ˵öԣҰҲ˵С󻹵ҡ
һЦøջƵģԶԶԣˣŮܲأּѸոյĻͷ˵ȥ
ȴӿڣС˵ˣҰ趼ģиŮڼңҽкˣٴӸϡ
ǶջϾ͵һ룬˲ȥˣ...ŵŮʲô˰
˺òòҪֻҪǼţҰ裬ҺҴɩţ˻СͷȥɣӷİɣһΪ⣬οأԺ˶ӣһ͹Сã׶Ժϡ
˵ˣ˼һ˶̻ˣڨڨ󿴵ϽĻã˼ҽ˵ǸµĸŸŮŮĸ˲ӴڽӴʲôΣ
һжҲǽ˼Ҹĸ϶һͬġ
βֻʱʱ̣ˣζЩ㹷鲻ȤԸµԱߣ˵Ļͦǿ
ڣЦеģûв飺ллӹģҵ»żҪǻָϹĺȡ
κһӦͣѹ¶ˡ
ȥˮٰµİˣϰࡣҲûΪôʱļ٣Ƕݼ١
ǣһúùϣԱľ״̬ͶÿһĹУظġ
λ֣Щһȥ糤һˣͲˡ
ϰѽӣΣǾͲˡ
ӱܣϱûסпȥģȴû֣еڵϰɫ
ֻԼӷͷɽҲʲôöɹɵҰĢǴȥӸˡ
û˽ȻûأȻ֪ˣٱһܻ¸ǾͲˡ
Ŀȥ˵òá
ŭССôѧô¡
˫ֽӹΪԼһѺ󻹵һ£쵼Ȼʲôˣɾϲɴ̹ϵˣܸ̫ٿ
μҵţ޺޵һŵϵʯͷԼûб»סСõ𣬲ͲҲǼҵ£ƾʲôҪ
վһ԰˵Ķ磬Բƣַ֮飬ǰίܹⲻʲô
ҧ˵СãŲţһ죬СҪ˶Ǽҵ˿Ϳģ
Ŀ˿Ա߱Լ߳һͷĸ磬ģûйάԼļˣ21ûУˡ
ţһǼҵԽԽã
ͽ22꣬ڵĽѾ30ˣôʵҲֻǸɡ
ˣ緢ͷǿоǺ顣
Ӣۣܡ֮裬οֻǸСС˿ĽֱۣЩС飬ط
ֲһ䣺ҲͰ𡣻ȥ˵Ǻ˳κˬ졣
Сã·ڴ˴£϶ͨˣʲôƵӣҲãСԭЩţǼ⣬ÿͰ趼Ҫٵ߾·
صǳͲ¥ûең¥ݿھ
ܴܼҲͬ⣡ҾͰŮˣ
ͽæŽȥĽģĸĨᣬɩһִٺֹƽƽĵСߣ˵
һ˲Ͱˡ
裬ɩôˣʡ
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תͷվһߣֻһŵʣΪ𣿡
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ǽΰиֽְЩձ΢ףûΰȴǸ˼ҵĺɷ۰Ůĺøס
˽ĻͳһɫϴͷװһСǮߣż˵Ů˵μ˶ûǮ˰ɣֲ㡣
ֶԺڵָɿŴŽᣬýȥ
ˣһСãҲǣֽݺӵģǸŮ
ҽˣиúܵܣĸ޲ðĸζڳӳԣʲôҪܴܵ㡣
Ůģ˱ˣ
Ļûϰ߽Ҹĸ͸ǮΪӽֵܶ˼ֲ֣š
ҲóǮں󱳺һ⣬ȥˡ
ӹǮΰˣ޵䣺ߣϿ޸ͣ¥ȥ
ͷȥϴ衣
ϴóȥҸпմͬѧҹ
ɩҲ˵ȥ¥
Ҷո˵ʲô
ŽƽҲҪŴɩߣһתƽƽùøˮǡ
ƽ֣űߣùãң
Ĵӿ㶵ͳǹֻһʣµĸ˴ɩֻܳһţʣµÿһšòã
ãƽӦֺ彭ģҸùҪˣ
ǰǹźãӷСƨùãùڼң費ȥˡ
ȥˣҪùڼңùøҽ£
΢΢üСѽƽˡ
ӷߺ󣬽ĸƽ˸߸ֺĹ£ִӶóһǣװǵӣû͸ɾһ
ƽ˫Բ۾ǿǣ촽ùãԡ
Ǿ͸㡣İǵݸƽȥã˸գİȥˡ
ƽɴ۾ùã㲻ҳ𣿡
ٸ㡣Ķѭѭյùýոүү̺ͰְڽʲôùþͰǸ㡣
˵ƽСȥˣүү̳ˣְ費˵
СҼңҲ˵
Ϊʲôᳳܰװµ
ƽԲ۾Źùã죺˵ҪСùҸСøүүͬ⡣
ԭĻȻ򣺡ԾͳˣȻأ
˵Ǹ壬ܸһСүүˣ̾ͿˡƽֲеĹϵͰԼ˵ˡ
ˣֽݸƽƽغסǣ˵лл
ллùãСӣĺЦС
ʱϾŵʱ򣬴Ҷ½ˣûʲôֻҶ˯磬磬ϰߺܽ
ŸСϣһ죬Ƶģʲôκġ
ĺʱµգҹϰϰŻ׼˯ȴڴɩѹ͵˵
ǿǾ٣㲻ȰȰ֣ɤӡ
ûꣿ˵ֲͬ⣬Ҳͬ⣡ǽѹֵ
Ϊʲô˼ãкӣȻֵõСã
ӪפҪȥ˵Ӵϼ޵⣿ӵ˵ŭʵ˼
֧֧ģûӦɷĻ
ǰ裬˵׼ҪǸӪĲ񹻸ߣ˵ɽ֣ʮ겻棬ƶӼ޹ȥ
Ǿ仰СӻͶ̥ãʲô飬ĸֳš
һ֮СϰԷ޵Ļ˸һӣת˸ǿľ巢֨ѽһ
ӷ̲ٽҹ΢
䣺Сã˯𣿡
ûػӾΪ˯ˣһתѣŵķû˵ˣˣҸ㽲ǧܸС˵£ȻҪ˵ġ˯ɣϰء
ģ鲻Ը˯ˡ
ͷĽȴ˯ˣǸ֪ʲô¸ĸģͳŽҸĸ⣬֪İСŮѾˣȻж
ǣڴԽĵڶϣľǽҵСŮ¶


6 
ڶľʱ¹ΪһµĽͥʱ
Թ緹½ʰһ£׼ȥϰࡣ
ĨĨ죺ߣСȥ
ͬѧгŽǱķȥˡ
Ҹͷܣ̫󣬱ˡ
ŽĸĻС廹ҪϢۡ
ڵͷŽѣľôˡ
ģˣڹлȻˡ
֪ˡûپܾ
ſڣ˷£͵гˡ
ǱǸСƽװ˸ţѾ򿪣æµ
߽ȥŮͬ־żëɨϵĻңľͷԵϾɱأﲻࡣ
ʹˮ٣ʮͷһͷŨܵĳеë꣬˸ӣЦֺࡣ
С飬̷ݣͲ࣬С۾ӣĶЩɱ
Žˣ̧ͷк
ˮ̬дŵ㲻˼
ǺܵĮ̫ϵеͷ˼
ٽ㣬٣Űࡣߵˮٸǰһӵݸҡ
ˮٰϵļëӷ£ӹǸɫӣŽ֣Щ𣿡
öˣллٽ㡣˵ͳһңݸԱߵ顣
鵥ֽӹл˰
һ˲٣ûͽ
˾ͺãȻҾŰࡣ
ˮ治˼ϾԺ鲨ܸʶġ
׻˵вý̫ȥͬ־ǳˡ
˭֪˽Ժ鲨ֵ
ǲˣָýˡ
ɽҲû˶˵䲻Ļ˵ֵý
ԽٵʱˮˣԼǮƱһǺʮȥ
Щ䣬ˮҲ̫Сˣ飬˭ҲֲýͷȥҲ˵Ǹĺˡ
صļֵ˾ֵñúöԴ
УǾ鷳ٽˡòֿëվԼĻͷȥɨҳ
ͺϢָŰϵ˵
ˮҲûƽϣãϢ
粻󣬴żʮƽףǰĵطͷиСֿ⣬żɢĿľӡ
ܶ࣬ЩӻճƷֻһ۾ͿˣСꡣ
˲࣬ˮŽģҲûְܾģϰ˺͸˴򽻵
ҲûЬף½ʶһǵӰԺƱԱĻȣ˵Ѿҳˡ
˵ǰ鲻ԸҲҪΡ
Ͳ࣬࿴žͱҪ࣬˶ҽ飬öܱ֮ߵ˽ͷ˵鳤ò罭ĵҲ罭
ᣬЩԵá
οʱԺ鲨ãȥʡϴѧǰ;ž͹Զ󣬽ͶЩб۾˵˼
Ϊ಻ͻ˺öβɹЩ˾ʹлټͬһطϰ࣬пڽǷ
һʼǱ˵лջۣ󷴶ֵԸ
ңԭǸ°ʵˣȦӸɾȻðļűలԱʱҡ
ӣҷɣҷòá鲼ݸ
ˣ
ŷ֣ԭȻһֺߣϸϸܣö˶ŷСͼߴ
ӲͷƤӹ鲼ɣᰡ
ıһϱһİרҵ飬ֻȴ費һ롣
һΪѣôϽĲ鲻ˣϾߺת߿ˡ
аɣְ˵ˣ̾ջҪͬºദء
ֻǳ°ͣյػǰļëӡ
ϸѽԭļ䷭һ飬ãֻǸͨСǹ˷첹ûͻרһȫóĶǾϳ춼Ͳˡ
ٴ̾˿
ˮٹΪˣ׼ȰܣֻˣͰѱֽݸľͿ
򿪱ֶֽһЩΰֺרıҪͶȥģң㣬û˼ɨ˼۾ûٿ
ͷԼĻܣɴһѹͷڳɽΣһѵһѵְһЩũƷڳɼ򵥵С״ʮ档
鿴Цһܣ԰ڡ
ԶĳԭǣʱҪ˽
ˮپ˼ܲܰڸФ
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һҽʱ򣬽ˮ˵ûû˽
ãͬ־Ҫһǣһ龫֧ˮʡһҵͳڽǰ
ǰͶµһƬӰ̧ͷһĺⲻˮĹ
һҲϳ˽ЦЦͬ־ãּˡ
ӻһƿ龫һǵݸ¶һԲԲЦɰ
һңϰ𣿡
ԡ
ˮֻʣһ֧ˣҪµĵˮٰһ֧ˮóһ֧Ҫ𣿡
һЩԥҪȥ¸ַͳԷ֧ˮ͸ϳеĺӵġ
Ҫ˻Լõģʡ
˵ģһҸ˵ѧġ
Ӱɣ滹ͦҲ󡣡Ӳóӡǵıӵݸһҡ
һЦͬ־ְҽһ鷳
С顣ҲЦ
һҸǮƱԽ֣ͬ־ټ
ټҲ֡
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ˮٴǰʣʶ
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ҡͷʶ
鲻ţƭ˭أ˼Ҷ˵ְ⡣
Ĳʶˮʱ˸ϡûϸ˵¡
˦˦ֻصԼλϣΪ¶ء
ˮټֿ̱֪飬˵ôѹأ黹ĺĺһذͬ־ľûУҲǣǸеľҪ˭Ķ󲻳ɡ
ƲƲ죬ҲϡˮϺˣҲ˵˵еĿͱԭȵԺ鲨ɣǸԺ鲨...
һ۽Ҳתͷ³ʲô
Ҳ£ɻȥ㿴Ҳûã˭֪Ժ鲨Ǹƨǰ˸ӴŵˣȻ˼˵ȥף۱ֵý˼Ҵ󲮣òЦ
ʮҲôĶ󲮣Һβһף˺ȥˣ
רҽϵ׺˰̣µЩ˵úܲ顣
ɻĽʵں˰ݣʾ׽˭ƨĿ꣬Ҳ뾡취ȥ˵д󲮣21͵˿ɶǽнְֵġ
Ժ鲨ҲΣβǸССĹζѣôϸס
ԣˣƺã϶Ǹ󻼣жзչͷ
ˮټ飬ҲǸͬ־ôôڱ⻰˵ЩˣοǳϺ˵Եøء
ܹˮϵָ𣬰ЬԱߵĻһ˦վָˮپٽ㣬֪½㣬˸Ķ󣬿㲻˵Ͳֲ飬ֲýкӵġ
Ժ鲨ǲǰǣǲƨ㲻Ҳ֪𣿡
ˮٱ£̾ͳˣҲ˵ָ飬ֻᷢġ...֣˵
ٽսҲ̫ˣ˵ӮͿޣֲԼҵ飬ô𣿺οǶ¶ҲֵԵͬ³
˺ˣλ㣬һԣ˵һ䡣ֻԼվϨս𣬡¶ѾȥˣҲˣҾûҪó䷹ˣο̧ͷͷͬ־ˣΪҺԺ鲨û˼ѽ
£û㰮ˣ黹ģ
Ҳ˶ڴʲộֻ밲ϰ࣬Ϊ˶ž¼ɴ˵ȻҰѻ˵ˣǵˣ
ٽ㣬һ㶼ýˣҲܱ֤ǣߵÿһԷ޶˳ͷԲԣԺ鲨ˣֻϽҲͦԻԵģҷʵǵ̫ƻ飬ƵûϵҲҪ𡣺ο㻹˺Ǻͼңһ˶ء
ˮٰɣЩʣ˽ĻĸЩ
飬Ƕͬ£йܶĦǰҲвµʱ򣬿϶еĵطҸǸԭ¡վ˸
ϽվƲһߣЩţ˵˵ʲô
ͽǿȿˮлͷģ콭ǳԴҩˣȻǸϹֵ
ʱڴϣ˺ܶ࣬ùȥԼ˺ܶ顣˵ģԺ鲨Ǹʲô˶壬ⲻ˵Ҳû˶֪Ǹû˿Ҳá
ЩԽ˵ֱǰÿһᣬø壬ܲһˮһСʱ⼸仰ֱСƣ͵ǿСˡ
ˣҵĻ˵ˣϣ¾ͣҪˡϣԺλŮͬ־ܺúദŽͬΪף
ˮټֱҪΪĽƣͬ־ʵ̫оˣ˼˶־ģܴܽᾭѵһҪѡӡƱͶ
ߺߣе㲻ģɽͷų⣬ҲԼñʾ㣺ȻҵĻҲû˵ʱ˵Ժ鲨ˣһͦΪ˵ģ뿪һСˡ
Ҫ̬صǸϴǲܵģ
úúãԱ֮Ӧлֱ˵гദЩëƤС顣ζǸϡķĴЩһ׻˵ɽװ
վ˷ؽΡ
ΰֽڱⲽǹ磬õģҸոǵĻãͬ־ǻﻥҲпõ硯ġ
˵ĺܶԣҪŽͬ˿Ц
䲻翴Ц
ǰͷ飬Ůͬ־֪أܲסԼ죬ʱŹ˿͵涼ܳκûӡ
ո˼˵Ļ־ãŮͬ־ǺоģĹٽһЩ
ܺãܺã


7 
ζλŮͬ־˵һͨûʵĻһתذ칫ȥˡ
ˮٺͽҲͣˣпʱ䶼ܰ
쵽ʱˮվ˵Ҫȥ
סҲԶҪؼҳԷԼ˵ӰԺĶء
û⣺Уǻȥɣһúÿŵġ
ʱ򣬾ͿһܣеĿ涼óϣ翴ٿյĿĸо
СãæˣԷһ˲ľ̰óƷС
˾С磬ȥϴֳϴ֣Է
ɹһóһƿˮݸС磬ˮ
򿪷УȻгƬ͵ĺɰ϶ǽĸֱʡ
ɩû𣿡˼ˣܼĶȨﻹиСƽأӦóԺõ㡣
ڵͨ˼ͥǺ̲ˣٶٳԵʵʵڡ
û¶԰ɡͷˮɩҲ㡣
һýЩϱϵɩϵûֱмƣˣȻʱ⼸꣬ݼ򵥣˻飬˵ʱѡ
ˣС磬ܲܰȥһԺ鲨¶һڷ׼ͽ˵˵Ρ
ҭסһ˫ͽһģһĴ۾Сã㻹Ժ鲨
òײõãҪ
֪ˣǣС˵ƭҸģżӣҾ֪Ϊʲôôż
ǵģĵļƻҪˡ
ˣƽŲżʲô⣬㲻ỹźɣ
һͷԣ
СڻվһѪĻ棬ڻأ
Ϲ˵ʲôأɵѽһ½˵϶ʲôǡ
ܲܰ׳ɣ밡ֲʲôٵ飬ǸĺصˣҲ£һǸôû취ܾڲϧҲҪȥõǸᡣ
ϵƿϸ˼СõĻмֵ
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ǰٿǮ˵Լҵȫҡ¿ӣ䣬Ҳ֪ǼڵµĸǽƶũԵǼ幫֣öڶУɻԼҾһ˹ΪϴѧͨϵʱһǮƽʱҪҲǮƱô
ǮǴģ
̲סĴָСõ˸ޣСã㶼ϵӰץϵԱˡȻͷͷǵ
ЦȻһ˵Ҫڼʲô
ǲô
˽һۣˣ㻹кó·Ҫ߰
ˡҪʲôǾͻʲô
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Ҫôֱȥѧ𣿡
ȥĸһ£ʲôһĵطǮ棬ûͻȻˬ
˺ô˵½ҹУԺ鲨һҶʲôʵ̵ˣż涼Ҫ˵ſڳԣھһʳã˿ǲ¶š
ͷǼڣгȥĻҪĸСʱȥ˽
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һȥ˼ҵĵ̡̫ߵĴ
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Ӷͳ콭ʮǮĳ
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ھȥǣšվҪߡ
סָƿˮ˰£ܿȥ̫ˣȥأ˵ע⡣
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Ǽ򵥵Ĺãûô׼ʱ׼ƵسһٷˣǰΪ˴ͻ϶û¶٣ʳȲزнģθá
ϰʱһˣ϶ǻƷصͷǹ磬ҲҪŬḻƷࡣܺã֡
ˮٺˣΪ˵ڽǣ練ˡ
ʵûֻ÷Ǽűֽһƪƪذݶֺܶʸӵ»Ǻɫģö඼ԵļĹĶϽȷ
˿°ʱ˶˵㣬ЩĶǮƱҲææҵĵز
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ȥһˮ˵ҪΣŵýɩĹֽΣҵس
ȱúͲ¥һԼǿζ˼ҳԲģȳᣬʽʲôˣζôôԵ
ҲӰھӣסͲ¥Ҷûгÿһ̨ˣû취ֻøϽСѲ˶˽ȥȥ
ȥϴʱ򣬽棬üŪۣСãФҪý
˿ϲе㾪ȣ죬Ҫýˣ
ӡĸФӡ
Ͳٵȼ죬߳
Ҫҽֶӣ賳˵Ҫҽ٣ФʲôҪܣ档
賳ΪǾФӽܵˡ°ͣѹְַӦô˵ǸפڱҪǺ飬õԶĵطȥǵطҪºôѩء
һǳСĳУΪг֧·ߣۼһСУθı磬һ㱡ѩܿڻļˡ
˭˵ģʡ
һöФӺʹɩ˵ģɩ˵ʹ綼ͬ⣬ͻФӡ
Фӻ˵ϧأǸðٿǿǣ࿴һ¡˵
⣬ĸôŮ϶᲻ŮԶޣû·ϣʽ첻ؼҳԷĽûУ
ˣ˵ȥ档һνӣһȺˣʱʱ͵ܱߵһ³Եģ͵͵׬Ǯ趼֪ģһֻ۱һֻۣҲ˵ʲô
ǾͺãҪ͵овԾĸϽǱϾ˵ĵ̣̫šЩġ
֪ˣţԴСô軹£
Էʱ򣬿ɰĽƽСѳԵͣù˺óԣ
ĸҲԵģƽ˿ΣóͶԵ㡣
ͷƲ죬ִŷͷΣܲóҪǺС֪ڼ󣬲죬ž͵ô


8 
Ҹɢȥһڼңɴ˱﹤˷׾־ĥʱ䡣
Фϴ룬ѴӺСӶФȥŷ磬ſĽԥҪҪͽ˵˵
˵ŲͬǸӪ棬Ͻԣȿ˼ҴӣҲ᲻úԶޡ
ФӴǰŮΣ˺鶼Ͻ޶ࡣ
ϧԼϾˣö鲻˺ǽ
Ҷǹ˽׼ƽСҲ϶Ǻͨ˼ңкͻĸɲͥҲֲǡ
Ҳʲô͵ļܸͥʲôõģǿãҲֺ󻼣ڽкӣץסõġ
ٳԹʳɹϣ۶ˣûӾûӣȽˣ͸ϰ·ߣʳǡ
ФһֱģҪԼý飬ɴͽסӣϢ𣿡
Լ̨ףФÿëԼϵˮɾ˸Աߣأ
ԣѧ֪ʶ̫
˵ǸٵûУФҲֱ˵ص㣬ɩ˵費ͬ⣬Ѱ˼ţ¶Ҳ˵˵˼
ǿʼФˣżɽˮȻǵ쵼ģ֪ô£廹
Фְѻһҵ˵һ顣
ж౱𣿡˵ıû
山˼ҵפ㣬ܸǽФӻ治ҴƱ˵Щ£أҼһأþǸӪҶˣƷ϶û⡣
ǣ˶Ͻˡ
ҿ㾭Щ£Ҳ˺ܶࡣϣ˵Щ̫ĻûеФ࣬Щø
˵ֱӣǱ־һߣϴ
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ʲôˮƽʶ˾ʲôˮƽФӰѻ½Уң۾͵¿ˡ
ҵ˼ǣǸӪȻĿǰ۶ģԼһһԵءФŽ֣һ˵һͥҪϣܵҪиһ²С
Фӻһ˼Фҵ
ФӣʮŮФӢСФһŵ˸С鳤һŵ˸С쵼
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ŮФӢ֣ΰ׵ʱ򣬺ܲ⣬֣ΰӰֲͷܾФӰĹͨˡ
ʱФҲôŮ˵ģ۶֣ΰ㲻һһ׵Ҳ١ڿôǻû飬˼ҵѱ鲼еĻ㵽ʱʲô¶˳˳ġһԶԱȳͱ˵Ĳˡ
ФӢԼǰưͣӦ˺֣ΰĻ£ţƷеζˡ
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飬òˣͺܺáФ۾⣬̳ܽŮļͥȥ
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ĸ᲻úӣɺվҪңҪԼĸܹܺӵأ˺֮Զ
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˵ҲûУ⼸ФӺ
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ˣҵðӽӻˣ˾ͺ˵һФվ¥ȥ
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Ӫתҵ˵ܵԭصС쵼ֻҪܺúùȥǲġ
װñϾǽĵ꣬磬֪δߵΪףԾĹţȥϤһУٿǽ¡
ȻĸԸŮԶޣǸӪҲûʲôģǾͰ»ˣõǣҲǷҪ˲ܽġ
Ժʱ򣬺ȻһOO@@Ƕʱѣ׼ȴ罭ѹòٵ͵С˯˰ɣ
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֪ʲôζһֶͷųԭʼֳɶɵζεú޲ðԼ⵽ǽȥ
Ϊͣʱ򣬵ڶֿʼˣѽѽҡҡλΣ֮⣬̰ſ⽭ĺͽƽĥ
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ڶ콭ʣСãȦôô󣿡
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ѹֽһСôؼңԸͷͬѧƴ˯
Уǵ취뿪Ͳ¥ʵû취סȥȻһҪڴɩ˶ʱ򷢳ʱô죿
ȥϰʱ򣬽ǰͷһ
¥ҵФӣӣһҹԼһλӪ
۾µȦʹ˼ʹ֤
ФӰСӷ£ȥǱҸ
ˣФЦ۾һУ˵𣿡
ûУȱҰ˵һûɣǻöһġһҹĽˣ뿪Ͳ¥̫Ͳ¥ıƣͲ¥ûܣҲʵ̫Ҫһռˣ
УФҲͬ棿
ɣпյĻϰ࣬ʹǹ硣ҪˣǹҪûУǾʲô򡣡
صҸطףҪûУ˵䣬Σ˵ԶݣǹҲû֪ף˽Դϲ˭Ҳ֪
Ф֣ã뷨
ôˡ


9 
Фºϳˣֱȥ˴Ů֣ΰһˣ֣ΰڰ칫Ҿ͸¸ַ˵绰ͻһ˵˵׵顣
ϳ°ĸܵŮͬ־Ҽ˲Ҳ飬ԺȽкӡûӪһģ˵Ե֡
¸ַ칫Ҹװĵ绰ţֽոµĺɫͲУ鷳ˣȳˣֵͺȾƣ
緹󣬳¸ַ͵һŵд
һڷдϣżϰ೤ңʰһ¡
¸ַ֣æҲȥˣ˵¶˵ߡ
˵ﶼǱܵĹϣȷʵ¸ַȥ
ϻͬѧФΰŮͬ־ĸиѡ㿴Ҹʲôʱȥ档¸ְַѽĴ˵һ¡
һһĶͷɣ첻УҪǵҰȥһˣƵҪŻ
¸ַ룺Ҫ˵ȥǸ˵һ
һЦЦóһ̸Ĵǰţûȥ顣
¸ַûӹ̣˵ϵ
ȳ¸ַ˺󣬻һ³д˻ϣȻסʣ﷭һʼǱҳмһŻߺڰƬƬС
վŵǸСŮģӣЦһСݣ۾һЦģйâŮ
ڻԱߵǸкһϣź£Ͼһëڿޣϻ飬۾ûпͷ֪ڿСӻҡ
ҲСʱûˣ֪һЩûС
ʱ޶ûпޣֻԹͺޣҽ飬عûֱ𣡡
ӹ㣡Ҿ͵ûǣ
ô꣬ΪӣûйҲпͣܵҵǮ
飬һҪӣҲٿǮ⳥
Ҹĸ֪һһǮ󣬿еأʮ˴ڳʺһ飬ҪȥǮҪ˵ҪѻߣֻҪҡ
һûӦǰԼһʮǮһȫƱһһЩҪܣȷϼңȶͻǡ
ҵǮҲ
һʮǮᣬƺִŵЦӳԵö࣬ҲóԷǮ
һִԼĳУʮǮ˸꣬ҾͻӺӣǡ
ȥһҴסԼ˼·ʱ׸ҺͲӣڣǶԲӣǼҲԲ㡣
˵öԣ飬¼ˣһ·
һҪԴţԼԹĿ࣬úپһء
󣬻һҵ쵼սǶܻٸҶ󣬿ɻһҶЩĻ䡣
ǰʦų˵ãˣͰĻսѣפأѵʿԭѧϰҲѸʱˡ
¸ַղ˵ǸŮͬ־ﻧڣбҵйᣬԸ
һҲȷЩãȻ
......
ѽ͵磬ﳵȥҺӺʹˣ׼ȥһԺ鲨ϼڡ
ڹλһ죬òװ°࣬صͲ¥¥£֣ӽסǸӪ춼ȥˣù졣
ûϵӺͶԷʲôʱ䷽㣬ֻܰ˴¶ϰġһֱŽ¡
󷽣ס֣ӿŤŤҲûʧǳˣ
صңŷֽûʱ䣬ڰæˡ
ǽˣҲֵ÷ſ֡
ĸһ࣬һ߸֣Źζ̲סǰҲôôܳˣ
û˯ãûݣòѿڶҴСͰԡȿĸеӦⲻǰĵͬѣǲˣûθڣԵĶθ
ĸЦժˣϲͶԵ㣬Щ
ͷʳͰ͵ģֶҲһӡ
¶ڶˣһ¶ͷĺֿʼǽ׳嶯ᱻʲôס˰ɣ
ȰѲ˶ã̶ҲҺˣͷ󺹴һ¥ɱ¥ﻹźöණ
ݣСУСãȥͶëˣ
յģȥˮͶ˿ëøڱϸȷ磺ôôණ
һˮõţɫװ޻β㣬ҰӺϣضڿСľϣĳɹ
Ķİ罭ӹŰʡ
ǻġùԼëСʱгȡ
ɩЦеعնСܿб¡ǲǮĶġ
ĸһЩϹװƽƽЩȥФţжϲһҡ
ȵƽƽӵһӹĶѧյǻȥҲ
һ죬˵ʹ޻С硣Ǵ޻ݸĸ
ĸֺǺǵģöӣ֪ˡ
ԭСӣĶǮ룬ѹȥӵǺõģҲûƽʱûҲƣȥɡ
ΧãҲãһ㣬˸飬һ˽˶ٺõġ
ŴҶɢˣŽ۾ô
еΪһ컹ȥһˡġ
ҿȥ棡֣ǲȥˮӾˣ״꣬עⰲȫ
ЦģӳţСԽԽˣһߣԼ·ȥϰࡣ
·¥½ĸλãŽгһƮ裬ҲؼҳԷ
ôˣƵġĸЦһݡ
ϽҵģһӶʮĴСˣ㲻˵ϱ˵⻰Ǹڵһɩӡ
⻰ʹ˽ĸˣ˭֪ڽǺڻûû䣬ûǮҲﲻæǰ;ҰĸԸ
ɸҲˬ죬ǽĸͻȥˡ
˯ǰսսɫĳһ⣬ɴͷ˯ţһҹΣоյعȥˡ
......
˵ڶ磬̫ɽǰصгȥӽ°࣬г˩һֻ㣬ǰӷһӼü̵ĺҶŵһӡ
С׳ĳãȫ꣡
˵ȥΣҲǸ϶û¶ٵ
Ҫ֪ҰǮˣҲɡϻίͰ͵ӵݸã֪۸硣
ϲûˡ˵ϱӵԼ
е£ǰʱ䲻ǲŸժ㻹û죬̫Ӳˣóԡôˣ
Ц˵Ҫȥϴӣٽˣ¶˵˲˽⽭˶ԸС϶Ϥģôȥͺױ¶ԭѾˡ
гñ߳Ұ˵춼Ժ鲨ܵܺѧУܱߴȻջ񣡡
ۿԼС磬Ŷ콲
ȥĹӪԷܵ岨ôţһ£Žһʮ߰ѧȻͳʮǮǮ뼸ͬѧԷ
ô󹷻ͬѧм䣬˵ȥ׿ʼԼҾͿʼˣֻûٴ򲹶·ǰҲٲȥϹڼţǮÿ컹
Ժ鲨ǸɽȪñĹﻹʱ֣ʮ꣬ͷͿں졣ǰռͬѧˣڵǴˣͳԷѡ
̾һ Լʱη߲ǰӣҺǼ׽󲻳ô󰡣
ȥôģͬѧ˵Լҳ˸гϢԺ鲨ʡǶѧȥˣÿ¶úôһʽѧ˽ѧ͸ĻˣǮƱģȥ꿪ʼˡ
ǸɽȪ˵бҵҪʡȥɩӣɩӸܶ󣬰ʡĹ
߷ߣԺ鲨˵ʡǻҪСøǮԼҳģŻԼ¶Ժ鲨һ˾Ͷ۸Сá
ʱ˾ȥȭӺʹȰסˡ
˽Щü֮⣬֮УסеߣϵһЦݣС磬Ժ鲨˲ٲư
вƣɩӣӹñǰ޽ˡ
ƣýϳǾֻܳԿƣôңڣ
Ȼ˾Ҫġ
С磬ȥʡ𣿡֪ڳŶҪŵģ⣬²ð졣
ܣ鷳һ㡣ʹ˻гȥѧУ
ԣȥᷢ˲ƵԺ鲨ҲȥɩǺηʥȻô󷽣Լһ˶š²ĥ


10 
ڻ󣬸ͬѧ취ôȥʡǡ
ǿôʲȥ
Сǰӹôʹ࣬Ժ鲨úõصĴѧûôõ£
ʡһˣصشԺ鲨һ٣Ҳֵã
Ϊǰʱ벡٣Ϣ̫죬һֱµûˣֻϰࡣ
˵ϵòæŮ£Ͻһɫ˼Ϻ󣬴ٴ˵żҳҶ̣Ь״ҪǴǹսʱһЩЩϱæµûճԷĹ
룬ǰ۵ݼ㣬ԼƵûţǷ
ˮϢֵϰ࣬˰ģΪǹգ˲ֻܴ࣬Ӭ
죬̫˾ͻ˯
ڹðͷӣ׬ǮʱФӽˡ
ФһģŵʱЦһӡ
ڹФӣЩϰߣվкôˣҪ㶫Ҫ˵°Ҿ͸ȥ
Ф֣ýˣиԶݣ˵Ҫ㶫㿴һƱ
ʱԱǿյǮյƱϾƱǮѵá
Ҫ׵¶Դװģ˵ԶԶԣҲˣΪҪա
һˣӽʹФӼ˻ͷţҰ
ûϢһü춼ڴ˫Ьף˵ĶԻЩЦСطĹ磬ûеʲôģҪصһˡ
˰ھҪǹɣֲƱɣ
Ҹ㽲յƱҪǶԲϣɵøνͣͷϡ
æʱеĹ˿;ͻˮ㣬ϸ£Ʊһµ׶˵ʱ򣬻ƶԲϣξ͵鷳Ȼ⣬ɰ׳һͷҲû˼
ҵͷӹһһէģФӿ˾ϲҲǰк
һФӵԶֶŮ࣬϶򵽺ʵģ
վЩţӼǵһ ףҲ֪ԷǸʲôˡ
......
һҽͷ飬Ұӻǰص˻վѾˣջдϴһҳ׼ȥ棬˳Ѳߵĳ¸ַӳ
¸ַȴŻһȥФӡ
ФӵڶμߴĻһңʰøɸɾ棬⣬ԼŮһ˳ۡ
䲻ǽݣС˴ѧɴֲһ㣬˵Զ׶ڣܼ޸ˣҲˡ
һҲû뵽ûԣŶӾ͸Фӵ˽ڵĹ硣
̧ͷһ⹩ͦ죬ǰλԲ۾ͬ־ʱҪģҲ֪ǲλŮͬ־ͬ£ҪǱףǶ಻˼Ǿſǻ˺һӣṳ̂ȥ
Фӿһۻһң֪Ǻˣˣ˶ŲУ̫ҲУ˼Եøأӡָһ㡣
ȸФһͬȥһһڽҵ룬һλŮͬ־żٲڣûҪˡ
ŵʱ򣬻һҳְҵϰߣɨһ۹Ĳֺˣˣһվһš
ŵǸűŸָ׼ڼָףԽŵĿ˲ǣû̧һ£ǾͲҪ࿴Ķ
ͷŽȷʵ飬ҽģֲġ
վñֱֱֱſڽˣһһ
һҰĿͶһվŵŮͬ־էһ۾ϣȫһ£۾Ҳֱ㶿˼ң˵
ⲻôɣŮͬ־Ҫ࿴Ľɣ
ӾôĿ࿴
Ҳû뵽ФӵġԶݡȻߴڵˣʱֱϣ˿϶û뵽ǸӪ
㣬ãͬ־վǽȻعװӣʲô
ФһЦеģڣλ࿴˵
һҿĿİͰ͵ģҲû˵ʲôĽһһ˲ת飬ֵĺӣǰʱߵĵ֣ܵʱ緢Щҹ𳵵Ĺ¶Թ޵
һָȭŴȣ򴽣һԲɫڵĿ¡
ǸͷԲӵˣ㲻Ϊʲôһ˲תôĻ棬еҡ
ФҲڵȣ˵ˣ˾ǡ
ɵ˰죬鶼ˣһһû˵ڡ
źԵޱȣ˿ĻţܾһҪȭͷˡ
죬߸ӣִŴ󣬿ͲСսȭͷô°ɣ
Ȼﺦ£ǶСվԱߣλͬ־ʲôͻؼȥɣˣ
ʵͷ̫δɽ
ФһżҲ֣һ»һңûУ˵仰
һѹЩ¶ĻѳЩǸЦЦ̫ҿ˫۾ûʲôʲô
˵תʹ󲽿ȥˣ׷ծƵģҲȵФ˼ҡ
ФӿŶĻһңֿڷĽбǸͿϧֻ˵ȥ
˵͸ŻһһȥˣФӲ죬ȻʲôûǣĹﶼϣҲǸģ
һȥ鶼һ
ֱڿ죺һΪǸҪأˣӵôôף
ܹʲô
Ҳ죬ֽŷ£ɲǣ˿ˣֱסˣԭФ˵Ǵ̼Ѫľˣܲһ㣬Сһˡ
û뵽ǰ;ȻãѹФӻ¡ƼԼǣһԡ
û뵽ǣƽոԸСŮȻվ뱣
лл㣬顣лúܳϿҡ
Щ˼еС˼ˣɱϲлʲôҪ鷳Ӳ򷢵
˰죬˵ôô죬ǲ
⣬ſһ춯ո뿪Ļһֻˣ
˫С۾涯֡
ҳưﻨǡһҸ߸ߵĸӣͷԽ˵
һæվǰĺ߸æҵǣ۳©״ֽװһѣҲϳƣݸһң
һ׼ֽӣбһѰǶȥʲôϳƣ
ˡһǮƱһšҪ𣿡
ҪһҵոͳӶͳǮƱǰˣ֪ݸ˭ջǸ飬ùǡ
ǮƱպãתŽǮ߶أôġ
Ҳ㲻Լôˣ˻ģףôëëŵ
һǣֿ˽һۣתߣߵúıӰĽŲЩ΢գˡ
Ӳ̨߳׷Żһҳȥһͣ£˶վڹϴֳرϡ
ӸߴͣŮӰ׾СԶԶŻͦ䡣
Ҳ֪ԼΪʲô˽סֲ֪˵ЩʲôڰģǸ...
Ͱ͵˵һҶﴫһ˶ĤըһҶʱ࣬ۿɼźˣŻǵסӣ㣬˼
͡һЦֵĽŸʧһ룬Ҳһʮ°࣬һһԸ
һ϶ҪγѪͷ۾Ũĺڣãҵ㡣
ФӾǰͷԶԶŮú֣һһʼ˵ʲôҲ˵ˣվ˻Ʋ̫ţ˽ȥ˵㶫Ҳų˻ֹģ⵽ǿϣûϰ
Фûס
ǽ˻󣺡ӣȥҸ˵һ˵ҽȥԷˡָָһͷ˵Ǻ͹˳ȥģ˵©ˡ
Ф¿ˣϷ
Уһģ˽˽ԷФЦ۾֣ûһˡ
˳ֵƿˮûȥǺȣæˡ
Ф۾ˣӹˮУУӵϢ


11 
ʮ°࣬ص磬˫Ե۾̽Ǻ«ʲôҩһôҼƵġ
ЦЦոջҼңû̽ĺġ
ʼ磺ԽԽû˼ˣǰһҶ죬ҲÿһЩ
°֮ǰ˰ѽǮƱٰһЩصƷ׼š
ڵӰԺƱԱĶ°ࡣ
ùţȥϴ֣˳һĶ
˳øɱҲССģ·ܾɣܸɾƽ٣Цܾ񣬿󷽷شк
ҶóϲСˣǹĽ
ͨ˶׾ûˣ񣬾ýһϵζ
ȷʵ鿴˵۹֮ǰĽá
˸кʶ󣬴ɢȥ
ڻʱһҵ
ͬ־°ˣһ߹ﻹקǰճĻǡ
عͷŻһЦ۾ģøУһͬ־߰ɣ
Ůͬ־͡һҺһ𣬡͡
ûһӪȥ
͵ʱ򣬽˸׷ͳӣһҾͲһˣڱѾϰ߳ʳ˸ʳҲ󣬵ߦͷһС̲ܲˣŵһ ּ˸С⡣
ȥ˸СһԸ£ȥ˰ѷ˺˹
ʳðʶֲϤ£ԾЩ
һ룬ԼǸˣЩںͽ˵ҪȽһԼ
ЦżԷʵ۴ȳԱԱ˵
һ뵽һӽУһӣҾȳˡ
ûȽ³Ҳ˹ģԵúܿ졣
˹سŰ׷ǵƵһǰҲԳ߲ˡ
һûͷ̲˺ӣܿͳԱˡ
Եò࣬ȥˮһڣ㡣
һҽӹıӣͷǾЩ˼飺ͬ־û뵽ǻлټ档
Ҳɺϣ˼Ҳ˵ɲ顣
±ӣЦſסһңڳԱˣҽһ£
һֱ壬˫ַϥϣ۾ֱǰڸ쵼㱨ջ˽۾ͬ־ãҽлһң194727꣬...ʦŵµӪ˾ĸʦֻ𣬱ܹúܵλ
ʮʽϹսɱˣȹֵ֣ܾȹһȹΣȹһΣȹΣ걻ΪʿӪ...ࡣ
һҪȥϢʾ⡣
йһλ·ݰõǰӣһһŮӸҡһһֱͦԿŽȻЩڣܿ
ͷʾ˵ȥ
һȴҡͷٶûˡ
ãֵʣɴ׵ԡ
Ϲѧ𣿡
һңڲӶʶ֣޹ۣûƾ
ǲڱЩ¼ܹһϲͨƾŽеĳʶʡ
һҿ˿
֪ֻ˳佱Ϊܸоһҵм䣬ԼĹҳϺͽͶˣ
Ȼ˽Ŀޣһֺ˵㣬۲ˣڵÿ
أĶˣ
һңϼңŮ꣬СǶӣꡣҳϣزӵ·ϾͻѺӴϡ
ˣϼӷеһ𳵹ȥҪҹﻹת
е죬һѧиѾģƺԱϣز𣿡
⻰һһҵɫһУŽЩơ
ҲûԼĻʲôԾһһɵǿˣʣôˣ˵𣿡
ûֱ̫ˣɾ̫ˣŲԾûĸ˽׼ͥŮô׼ȷ˵һСе֣ز֪
ô֪ģһҵЩ䣬ͬ־òǱչļ
ŷӦЩЦˣͬ־ɹġǰиͬѧ磬·ѧУ顣էǵѧദãصѧУǳʡ
һҵɫ˻ȥһЩǸ̫ˡ
źĴ󲿷ֹھϽµļԱ鱨ȷʵײľԱ
޿ɲޣ˭޶˻ҲˣƺԱϣǸпαϻĵ֪ʶ˳˵ġ
һЩգúõģҪŪˡ
ɽϾǳЩ͵ģЩС£ʣ˵˵ǰޡ
ľԴĻһңҲ֪ⲻǸû⣬治֪ǲǹⱨղŵĵ⡣
ȣһҶ
ЦЦؿŶĺӪˣʵʵ˵УʵʵʣԼжϡ
...㣬ʦİ˺ɩӽܵġԭǵЩ˶б㣬νֵ·ϣֵܽôͷԷɡ
иɩǰǾʦͬѧдŸɩӣðæܸӵģʱоεģֻһûġ޸ңҲΪӿǳ˶
ǰ򣬽ˣǺأ
Ǿͽˣϼңڲӡ⼸꣬Щȫִ񣬳⣬ʱ٣...Ҳ̫⣬Ǹϴ֣ϲżң顣ʱһأȥӲ֪еʹ࣬ͬˡ
һҺ֮䣬ľɷӵΣӣȴϤİҲ࣬˽ᵽûУ͸֪Ӻ˵
˵󣬻һҵòӿңаְˡ
ʵûаƸŮˣӡ
𣿡һҹްնûãҲӦõġ
żܾöԲסʱҪǮһûһ˿ԥ͸ˡ
ȷʵһŮ˴׵ĺӲù΢΢ףҪ㣬ҲҪ顣
һҵȻɣɱϣⲻɥżʽ
ӳú𣿡
һҰǰĴͳһӲֽŵƬݸ
һһӵĺڰգСŮЦģСк֪ΪʲôڿޣЦЦ㡣Ƭݻȥ
һ֮Ƭźãͬ־㻹˽ʲô
°ͣ룺ƽʱϲʲô
ƽʱһЩΪѣѵڳֵһĻ᲻࣬ڲӵ˵ϲ򡣡
ɨһۣӸߣֳųȷʵʺϴ򣺡أ
Уϲӣ㲻㣿һЦ¶һڰе㺩
ȻĻһе⶯ôʱصˣӰк
ӺóԣҲϲӡһȡ
𣿾ôʡ
ִʱ򣬱Ҫ飬ƽʱ顣һҴ𣬡һ׾Ƶ˾ͲС
Ʒ𣿡
ʲô⣿һһ㶣ʵʵش𣺡...Ҳ֪û
аɣǫˣƲֹһǸеĸΡ
𣿴򲻴ŮˣԽԽű߼ʡ
һҶͷðСʱ򣬺˴ܡ˵ŮˣԲŮˣ
Ҳ֪˵ûоûС
һҺ޲þַģûôţȴҲˣǴŮˣ¾װһӶٴϣ
üһĹصģ
ˣ
ãһ϶˽ˡܽһ£Ŀǰкӣϸɣǰ;
Ҳ£Ϊ˲ӣӽ𣬻ǴߣΪ˸׵չǣ㻹ҸϸһŮһӺŮףǴҾһˣӺŮ裬Ǹչ˺ӵıķԲԣԼֱָһҡ
˽ܽᣬһ͵غ˿ˮ⽭ͬ־ôһμ޺˵Ļȴôͣôֱӣ
ѵذˮȥǣô˵
ҿ϶ҲǸŮ˺ãҪظ
ôã㡣ûзŹ
...һİˣҪô˵ͷĺмܲסˣһá
˳ǣеƤЦⲻЦҲǿˣе档Ӫ
һһˮͬ־Ӻˬֱӣܺá
Цأʲôʵģ
һ˺üΣſڣͬ־ϲ𣿡
ĵʱûӣҲûӣֶֶŮЩ㣬к£ûкᣬϲңҾϲϲңҾͲϲ
ܹƽܹƽһҸоͷĺˡ
㲻ŮһҲӡԭԴ˵һ䡣
һҾԼû⣺ǰͷǸʲôԭģ
˵Ǹ־ϣʱɵûڴǩ֡ذЩ˵Ҳ֪ʡǴ¶󣬷չĸꡣ
ͬ־áһ
ȻãĥôҲԺ鲨һ١
ݷʱ
Ժ󣬻𣿡һҿŽе˼˵...
ѾЩͷ˵飺Ϣûҽȷʵ˵ȽѻС벻룬ֻ˵Ҳ˭Ҳܱ֤꣬ʮ벻
һˣͬ־ллĳϿҡ
֪ԼЩҷƢˣҲ˼Ҳ㣬һǸʶҵ˶˵ܲӵ飬ֵе㷳
һҵֻһ㣺ƽʱʲôǲ
д֣ϲĲˡԼԭϰ˵
һһ˵ʲôͷӪã˹ˣԸûˣ
һǽϵʱӣߵˣֻʣˣƶصòˣ˼°࣬ѹԱ̬ô
վָֻЦݣ߰ɣǽȵ


12 
ĸФ˵ؼҳԷûʲôʱʱҪϿΣ֯ѧϰżͷԷġ
Ͳ¥·һر𰵣û·ƣĸ˴¥ȥŮؼҡ
ŵʱ½ؼȥˣ·ֻʣĸһˣҲżҡȵˡ
ʵûôؼҹͻһҴӹӪѹ˻·ЩĻ⣬˵ˣһȥܾˡ
һ·ϣֻ·ԽԽ1974꣬ȫܶط綼ûͨ˵ؽֶ·Ƶʢ
쵽ǳʱŷ·߸ûеƣվһյ谵·£Щ¡
һοյ·ڿǸûоͷĺڰڣӴͷ𣬿־ڰ౾ܣֱϾһƤ
ٺһܹȥ˸ƣһ·ܡ
ûܵһʱƺڰҹ
ͷƤըˣѵʲôˣôְ
𱣻ңң߶߶Ͳ¥ܡ
衣ĸӲߣȣһ˫ںͷ׷ܣѽ
ܵһ룬ƺĸĺϸмʹġڽ...
ѽǽĸܣҵĸ
ôæ£˷ȴˤ𣿡
ӴӴĸȵڵϣ˫ҽţ⺢ӣʲôѽ
ֻʵ˵ºڣ׼ܻؼҡ
Ӵۡĸվ֪أ㣬ʲô
Щжᣬ22ˣĸ񱣻һĸ裬Ť𣿡
һ衱һ̣еޱȻ
ҽſеҡĸһִֻڽϣһֻֻȥõǰȣеʹҵ۾ãûµ·
·ڽǰ޹һأûٹܹѾƾɿѣˮ࣬ӿݵģûʲôҹ߾͵õģոսĸǼȥ׷ſĵˡ
ұȥ£ĸӻһ¡
㱳ңмϹͷĸЦҵ¥£ֺ
˷ĸŮһһյͲ¥Ǳȥ˽ĸ飬ؽûºڡ
裬ţȥд硣ýĸ¥µСá
׼£˵ˤˣ·С¥
ּ壬ҹȥˡ
ôˤģʡ
·ڵңûһ·Żż׷ңˤˡ
ûˤɣӱ¥ݣ⻰ͣתͷ
ûûУ磬Һõúܡ
ǾͺáӾûٹСã¥½ĸķСܹȥ
ӵͷ˻ĸҽףʲô˵Сã裬˽ǿһ˾Ͳð죬ȥҽְ峵ȥҽԺ
ôˣҽԺ𣿡ɡ
лʿֵࡣ֪ҽԺһֱֵҹġ
Ҳ¥ˣޣôˣ𣿡
ôʦڵģ¥ϵھӶ̽ͷʺˣĸ˼Ǹоʹûվûʲô¶
Ӱְ峵ֶ˵ȥû¾ͻڼҿƽƽ
ŵ˸С˯£˶ʮǮţȥҽԺܲǮ
̧ۿһɩµʶǹ֮ǵض۾ӿ
˷οСñ£ȥš
һ˰ѽĸ̧ϰ峵ھӽ˸Ͳǰͷ·Ͳ
ǽųͽ˴ŵͲԱ߸ţһĿҽԺȥˡ
ҽԺȻֵ࣬Ǹ͵Ļʿ졣
커ʿýӰѽĸڲϡ
۾ϸϸؿ˿ĸҽףȥ˼˽ĸü⣬óۣ˼ŤŽˣһ̫ʹʹվģµˡͷǺõģûжѡ
һ˷커ʿ˵лл
Ϊһ커ʿ˵ҽԺ۲һҽҪǽײ׵Ļ˵ҩƾܳԺˡ
һֵͷӳȥһëǮѣ˳ƿĸϵĲˡ
ͽӶ˵Ҫչ˽ĸϻȥˣ춼Ҫϰ࣬ȥɣС
һ·ͷɥ磬ҪǲأͲˤˡ
ô˵Ҫ֪ôأֵÿޡҲ֪ĸޡ
صͲ¥û˯˻ǰɷô˵커ʿĻ
ǾͺãҸ˻ƱͲǻȡ˫ֺʮһ챣ӵӡ
ĬĬشԼǵƱеƱݸɩɩмţȥͲǡ
𿴿ǿŽӣӵͷˣŽӹСϵƱУСТˣ
......
ڶ죬ؼҳ緹Ҳ˵ĸˤ£ŵҪҽԺܣסëëģʲôӣҪڼңҪѵˣ
£СõȦģǿ޹ˣǰȥĽͷСñޡ
Թ緹ͽȥϰ࣬Ȼͷȥĸ
ϹǿƵҽϰ࣬ȥ˽ĸһˣĸĽ΢΢˺ü飬ó커ʿһۣҩƣԵõһ߶Ҫ¥ݣܿͺˡ
ллأ
磬һ϶
˵߹ȥһļ򣺡һģ仵ˣ
ԭҲǸСҪƽô˵ʮ˾̱Ȧȴ죺ŤˣңҲͲ׷׷Ͳˤ
ؼǣûһοǶӱţܣ˶ȴԻرĴ۸С
£ҲˣҲȥˣȥҽԺɡ˵ˣ֮ǰһûҲ֪ο϶Ҫġ
ۣ粻ʮҽԺɱȥ
......
ҽԺǽŽĸ˸ϰϰ࣬
ǸĸĹǿҽ˵Ȼĸ׽ûʲô⣬ǿԿһ¸顣
һ⻰඼ֹͣһ£Ŵҽʲô˼
ҽȴ˵˼ôôأ£˵ǳͲ¥·֪ͦģ˵һⶼûУĸ˵۾ǣ춼ҽȥһ۾
ŰһĸˣΪҽ˵ʲôĿܣһ뵽۾ҲҪ٣ͻͻһ¡
ۿôߣȥҺšվҽ
ҽ˵һ¥ȥʻʿ
ȥûһͻˣʿ˵ھͿԼ顣
ͬ⣬ҽԺûοԽһá
ĸȴϹڣˣ˾ϻͲ¥ĸ˼Ҳʲô飬˷Ǯ
ְѽĸۿҽ칫ҡ
ںͷϸ˽ĸ
ۿҽܵͳˣſſ
òԾ̧ͷǸҽһ𾪵þþòƽ
ҽ̬ƣ޴ȦͻģֵŸͷһǹͷһкڰ׽ӵͷձҽңеʲôţһһֻ֮
˺þãŰĿҽת
ҽҲºֱӣ˿ĸĲˣ㣬ֱӡ
ͽҽܿ˵ƽﶼҪͼ֡
ҽýĸһЩ޴ǰ£˻˺ö⣬ȼ鵥ӳŶ֤д¼֣԰ϡ
ϣ򵥵СͿԽ
ҽʣ𣿡Žģ۾ȴǽϵġ
תͷ˵ȼپ
ĸʲôҪҪӵģ£
ĸһҽֲ͵...ܿ죬ֲ...ֲҩۡ˷ֶ˵.....Ҳԡ
֪ģȷʵʲôӵɴ൱İˣ
ҽ֤̿ͬݸȥ...ȥ棬һʿǮ
ĸ˵ʲôѾ˱ˣҽлкȥ
̧ͷһҽֱͻĵĸоӿͷ
л˵
н˵11¿ҿ̨ĶģԼҲܴ򿪡
ܿнܰæһ
лл~


13 
ѽĸڴϰúá
ĸĸŮΪҪҪ˺þá
ĸֲǿӵ飬̫ˣȫܽܡ
Ǻܼ֣СָڶҪСܽ⡣
ʣС磬ܵʿվȥһʿʿڳ緹߳Է߸һ
ָʲô⡣ҽۿƾӢʿ˽
Űɻصͽ˵¡
Ϊ˰ĸ˵Ǿ͵Ȱֺʹˣ
һͺͽ˵С磬´ɩ㣬ͻؼңǸװ·Ҹɺӣͷиŷ⣬װżٿǮʮǮķøˡǮˣȰһȰͻЭˡ
Щɣû𣿻ʿ˵ҽ㿴...ʶղסյס𣿡
ҽǸոոĸۿҽ꣬ҽԺϽʱҽʮͻعˣö쵼ۿܹأ겻ʮͷ
ɽƺϵĵʮˣ˭ʮӦ緢֮ˣ...ֶӣȷʵõö
˵ܸУԭٷְȷҲʼԥˡ
Ҫȥʻʿûҽýĸ
ܳȥһ飬ʿˣҽҽԺʲô
͹ˣûʱٺȥȻȥϰ࣬ǵҵĻȽǮ
˵֪ˣȥ
......
ëǮϧ·ûеǱվ㣬ֻھһվ³Ŵ̫磬εǰͷţð۶Ҫˡ
θմǰͷİ칫¥һžͿøͷţƵĽ̫ˣԱǶô£ûһʱˣù˿ͺ쵼ʲôӣ
СһתΣ󣬸ոսæŰѼϳȥܳһͷġ
Ҳ֪ûУһ˵ҪĺҲţ°ǰȥõҩҩڽ䣬ߵʱʳƷˡ
ŽĴʮֲشµһЩļ񣬺ٴҺúѧϰͶģ˵ˮݼٻҪЩҲ
ͷ˵ãǳ׶ǳѧϰǳ
ΣǹͷָƣûĽ̵ǾããϵСʧȥ...
飬еýյĽͷ
黹˵ʲôǺЦشˣúϰ࣬˿ͣ
ڳȥˣ£ǿˣ˸Ĵָ
ŵĶȣԼǱߵĹ̨ϣô
ûд󰭣ҽµءȥóһƿˮ˹˺ȥʣٺһƿǮͶǮ
Сû˼ϴһ͸èƵġ
ëè飬ˮپֻ
......
һԴһ֮󣬲֪Ϊʲôһֱϴʱ˯ʱҪдϵʱ
˫۾·˵żᣬżżżС
ѵõﲻ֣ͣͣʣգ۾ǸŮ˺ãôã㡣
࣬ʵû˵
ͬ־ƻһмܡ
һﶼðŮͬ־ôôð˰ʲôס죬ĽһͷֲˣЦе㽿Σؿһѣ㵹˵ѽ
ˣåûס˼ҵС֣˾ʲôͲǵˡ
𴲣һεطԼ˯Ľǿʪˣֻϴɾڴͷٻɾġ
ˢʱ򣬻һ룬ͬ־ôôкһܵ˼ˣ
ŵĵһ£ܵ»ȥʵԱûе飬Աɢɢظһָ
һܹȥ˺üй׵飬öദᵽǾʡݵλõĻƺԱϡֺܣԹǱұ֮ء
飬ָǾ仰ʵԱǸпα֪ʶ𣿡
Աͷô֪ûУ
һڨڨǼ飬»꣬ƫģѾų˽ͬ־ǼĿԡ
ԱǼŻԭλ˾䣺񾭲ô࣡
һһصд¥£С˶緹
¸ַžĦгüŪۣô˵˼Ůͬ־Էˡ
һҰļݸԲԣ
¸ַ治һ磬Ϊ˵ѽ˼Ůͬ־ӡôô˵϶ȴ鼦ѵǰȥˡ
Ǹ...һͷǸͬ־סĶ֪𣿡
ٺٺ٣а㣡¸ַȿˮѵȥЦúˣúúãĦгҴȥ
Ȼ֪סĶǳͲ¥Ǽһʾ֪ˣ֣ΰĸ˵Ͳ¥
ĦгҲҲһڳ¸ַ
¸ַųŻһң¡¡͵Ͳ¥¥£һͣ£ܶ˵Χۺע⣬رһЩС۾ΧǿӴľ
Ф˻ھྣҲߵĦڽſһ£һ۾Ϳ˸ߴĻһңⲻǻӪҽ
һҲФӣȿĦгǰȥʺãӺá
ФǺεһӪ̬ȣȷҽģĵòӪ
һЩ¶һڰᣬӽСɡӴͬ־ﻹʲôˡ
úúãСФЦ׽·ˣ˵
ФӾذѽ˵һ飬С仹ҽԺŤˣһҽԺ㻤ǸТ˳ĺúӣ˰ͻֱӹȥ
֮ǣԳûȥδĸƨһԼ˼ӡ
һֲǱˣлФӣ˵ҪѲȥФֲܾ̬߲Ҫæˡ˿ȥæԼ飬ԼҸϱ£
һҺٺһЦФӸֿϳ¸ַĦгˡ
ͲǻФӺһߴİ˽֮Ҳչʣӣ˭ôߣ
СӽߣҪˡ
ФһͷЦ۾Ź⣺һݡߣؼȥ
¸ַͻдҲعϰȥˡ
һ﹤С죬绹д¥³Եķ׼͵Ф˵ҽԺȥܲͬ־Ҫţȥ˾͸ˡ
ĵ㣬дķԱ¥ţļӼ籨ġ
һһвı־Ͻӹһֻм֣55162
⽻ʽ
һҹţһ񣬰ѵ籨ҹȫճɻңˮһͣٿʲô
һѾ23ˣʱܽţĻ𳵵һϵعݶӣٵ͵ﳵɽȥܴݾߡ
͸ĳʮǰȥûʲôԾĵط
һû󣬰ЩعĲϷֿװڼļŲӣڿ컨ϵһשͷļŽȥһݣڴ̨ϵǽһݣþûɫͿͿãէһʲôۼˡ
Űѵӷ˿һ鳤ľ壬пյĵطҳֽȥǶǿľ塣
һһ˫ִ¥ĸڵҽԺȥˡ
ʮңҽԺſصһ·۵糸Ľ
ͬ־һҽס
ŽĵгȳһͷüͷϣϻЩҳĨȥ˽æɲתͷһ̿Ц
һͬ־ôгͣ£شг̫ߣ̡̫
һҼ״ЦЦסѣ˵ĸסԺˣ
һͶˣǻһҾײ˽⣬ʵû˼ԥҪôίܾ
һҵûľᣬĶóˮͷɹŵ̷ۣݸ˼ҹͷ࣬ȵ̷۲
ӣܾ
һҲûãֱӰѶĳϣҽҪü֮Żȥ˼ʺá
룬񽻴ˣͶŽ龴˸񣺡ͬ־ǹټת̤ˡ
ԭأҲ˽ô£һ仰û
ûëɣ챻׷չǲǲѣ


14 
гѻһҸĶý˭ģش˵һѣûʣ˼ϡ
ĸԸܰϵӵȰ˵ЩƢ
Ǿ͵Ȱֺʹ˷˵
ôһҽԺշѵӣдģдŽյСʰԪҽԺտƵǩֺ͸£һۣûˣպá
һ˵ֵģǰѰֵĹͨͺðˡм˽⽭ĸġ
ǸҽȥˣǸҽϸ»˻ָҲû⡣ոľ£ܹ֣ղסʣ
ҽԺͷĳҽǸ칫ҿȥˣŶӼ۾
ǲܹʲôĴ̼ʡ
Ҳ£ȥҽԺĻʿģҽĸ׺岮ֵܽǣȫûˡ
ʱȫ˶ûˣֻһܣǾȫⳡȫ϶µĿ˶С
һڵİУܵһҵ⣬Ӻβ׵ֱܵǾ˶ٲ̣ܰԭΪҽƳһʶòȵͷӣ
ҽһҽǴʹʱҡѴĻ߽ǰǳ͸ֽѾյķ֯ĶɿںͼҾ߳Ͳ¥ͺСѧЩطԭȫҽҵġ
ҽԺҽڽǰʱиҽԺҽԺĿΪ츣ڣԵܶƣ62ҽҽԺ˵أĳ˳ҽԺ
ҽڣסҽԺĵ˼ְһģӺŮ˵иӣԭ׶ҽѧԺ˶һʼͱ˾ٱǴʱҵҪͶĸ죬17꣬ͼ涼ûϣͱ䵽ũȥˣûȵ
ﲻͣҽǸֵͷŵ亹͸ǰ󱳡
ЩҲʹ죺ٱģҽһŮӶĶӣǿǿÿնһͬѧƼȥ.....ͷƼҵȥ֡ν֡ЦǣǿѲڸҽԺģǿȥҽ֮ǰƾ١
ⳡ˶ƺƵʱ򣬽ʵѾʮˣǽӣ꣬һױɿ͡
ѧУͽֵÿ춼DͱϾ󣬽ĸʵˣºǱе˲̤óȥȻ궷Уܾ֪ܿá
ĶͷҲʼð亹ȻԼǸɾܱյСȥ
Сñˣһ£СãСã
ŷԼᣬ֪Ǻ£ͬ飬˫ֲᣬʵҿѾνʾˣ...ҽΪʲôǸͷ
ЦСãǱ˵һ紵ݶܾܵġ
ǸͷǸǿ˸ģǿҽҰͷǾٰҽŮҲϳ̨֣ȫ˶Dǣ
˵ҽȻƶ񿴹Ҳ߹˵Ͷ򣬻ž˼룬ҪϽ˼
ôôˣҶ̫ͬ࣬ૡ
û취Լ£ԼСͲȫǸܶزסˣסҲƣ˵ϺҽЩˣϲܻҽµһ죡
ͱȫĿڴҲûͳһӣֻȥСò᣺ޱޣǵˣǲĵˣ
ͬҽȴЩСΪʲôΪһİ˿޵ô
ǽ֪һֱԼԽĹ¶ͼįԼϤĻһȫܹҽһ˺ķҲ¶ǰڲͬģŽԭ켣ϰԣȺȫԡ
ҹʱҲẦ»̿֡
......
޵òˣȫȥ̫֣߰ɣֺʹɩҪˡ
۾޵ЩףסԼ󺰵ĳ嶯ȥҽԺˮˮ˷۾һšˮͷˮŸоһЩ
·ҽİ칫ʱѾˣһͷʹһúõ˲Ӧܵ
ĸסڴ󲡷Ա߻кüˣΪԭסȵ﷢һζʹ̱ǵˮζһûз磬ܻǡ
ߵſڣͿһ˶ˣ˿ЦڽԷ
һ̣ĳ׵׵ԼĹ¶ܵԼͽ˵ľ롣
ǽģǽ
ҸĸֵܶãΪΪǵ飬ԲޱǸʵĽѾһĻɢȥˣǺһȥʱգȥͶ̥תˡ
ʵѾʧȥ˽
ҲԼԭ֡
Сãѧ㳴ˣƽƽ˵ûúóԡǱԹЦݸԣٲԣͶˡ
¶ЦݣҪݺɫ˲Ƿʲôѹ
óԣɩˡ
㽭ƽСԴûУСС;͸˲óԣҿ밤ˣ
ƽҽУĸŴպܰ
һͷĸҹǶȥ˯
ĸҲ˵ãŽ֣ԲûϢðɣȦѿ
ＸŮڲ˵Цѽͽӽгȥ˵˽콭ĸ۾¡
ͳһŽɷѵСúָܼҰǮˡȥϸҲи˵ָܺãֶֽܿ塣
ᣬ˼ױͨҲܽȽܽҽѧͬ⡣ǰ˵۾ˣǰˣֿ˺þã᲻ˣ򵥣ָҲ̣Ǿˣƽƽչ˼졣
ΰͽСͬһˣʶֲ࣬ҽѧ֪ǵ;˵Ҳеģüǻӵ飬Ƕ۾
ĸҽģʶ𣿡ʡ
ҽǸ...ȻһͷͷǸҽ
ӡˣǶͷӡҲǶҽ˵ӡ󣺡Ҽǵáǲģȹīˮҽö˶ҽġ
Ǹˡ
ɽ˵仰ҪǱ ͬʱңվ  ˣֻǸСͬͬ飬ӶŮǻ
һ˵ҽľͶ˼֣ƼҶ⣬ҽտƽ׽ˣöҵ˼ҶæյĽ첻
ȥ˵˵űƽ˲öϱŮȥŽĸ˰졣
ĸǲԸ⣺۾ﻮһȥ⣿
ܿզ⣿ѵ漸ʮ뵱ˣɤʡ
ǽǰʶһϹƽڽֿԸ֣ŻɥȢάӻǺѡģźͷ껹66֮ûˡ
˵ˣǮ㽻ˣŴŽᣬµĹʣӶТ˳˵Ůһ
Ӵզôɵĸ̾´Ůץ˵һ١
㲻۾úõģԺӣʹﵡ
Ȼĸ̾Ͷҡˣ
ΪӺҲ
ٺЦϷ޵ģ˽Լ


15 
ĸӦһ˼ȸֽţٶҽͻʿ¡
˯ǰ͵͵ʽӣǸûɣ
ֲҽȻȷһʧ˵Ҳȥҽô˵
ҽ󣬽絽ϣܴ󣬾ɥ־塢ǡƣӱַܸϮϴΪԼ˯ţ˭֪С̺ӣһζһ
Ϊ˯ˣڶԼ񻹲ΣԽ̫
ȥϰʱ¥¼ФӣФкС˰ɣ
ôʹӻӪСˣ
ˡҲµФӸ߻һҽĸҽԺ顣
ôӡ𣿡ФйģҲд˼
վס޵ĵطܾãõФӶòԾˡ
˼ҲΪˣѻشҪǻҪٹ۲죬Ǿ...
ǽһЦӪܺá
뿪Ͳ¥뿪ֲ˺ǣҵĵλãǸŻһȥһŵѡԣ׵ıΣýФǰõһܺáۡ
ФϾЦãҾͿⱭý˾ʲôʱˣ
ȥϰɣˡФӺͽ֣·Сİ
......
磬°࣬ȥҽԺ
ӽĸĲҿûע⣬ȥҽİ칫ҡ
۾٣Žȥʱҽ㶵ģˣһӣýһᡣ
˵ļˣҪվ̫ˡ
ҽáȫɢ̬ҽǰŵعǺεȵĳ־Լηͷǰֻһͷӣѳ¾գĿͷһ˫ֵǸɸɾģҽ֡
..ãҼǵ㡣ĸҪͬˡҽګګġ
֪ллԸҼ˽͡
˵µģҽټּ֣ܼܿˣֲյӣһȥģʱÿ˶
ҽųѪ˿۾֪ΪʲôһŮıǲǿһˣ
ҽҽҵ⣬ʱҳ...ҽûΪĻжɣ˽ŵǽ˫־𣬡ҲҼ֣Ҫץͻۻȥν֣
ҽҽļ˵ע⣬תͷ棬̻ͷеؽҽ£ûν֣ûм֡˵ǣһ죬ͼ˶־ģǧǧҪ֣
̧ͷֱ治˭Ǻˣ˭ǻˣЩ꣬ΪǺ˵ģҷ׺ݣΪǻ˵ģȴνֵʱں̧ǿصļӡ
סᣬ֪ԼĻܲ԰ףҽһҪúûȥ
ò׹һ۽ֵͷȥ૲֪߶ʲôϸϸһЩԼ͸߹ݣǰ϶д˺ܶļ̨֣˺ܶĻûһ˿ͣ٣ѿڶ
ͷ·ֵ໤ʿҽҽиˡ
˵ʲôҽֱ߿հ׵Ĳֽͷдϼ֣ϣ
дѲֽݸվ׼ȥǡӭͷϸոս˵Ļʿ
Ц˵ҽ۾⡣
ֵ໤ʿ֣ģҽ˳ǧϰٴΣûµġְѺͷĲ
ȥûȥĸĲߵҽԺͷһֱ
֣ԼܻĵӣڣһԼ׬Ǯ򻨴ܶĲ˳ѡԼȨʮӦ21͵һУҪԼһУȥһһˣʵܲ֡
һ죬ȷԼؽġ
һҪһŮ˵ӵ裬ҪһԼĻһ𣬸ȡ裬ܴĿģĿļ棬ְɣ
ȫȥʱ򣬽ҽԺĳϣι˺þõӣϺֱ϶Ǻɫİò˲վȻһҳ̽̽ԷĿڷ硣
ҽԺſڵС԰мͼӣû·ƣ·ֻܽҽԺͷĹ⡣
ܽߵúСģǱǰĺӰŵˣڶ󺰾һųǸͷǿ˫ִǰ£ҽô
ҽ촽ڷϵֽ̯...ϣ𣿡
ոԼдǼ֣᣺еģҪ͡һᵽ
Ψһһϣˡ
룬
յͬѧѣȥȥܵܣ·ŵ·ţûϵ
ӴСѧ٣ŦԼݹ˶ʼ󣬱ȥɨҽԺ˫ֹǽڴִ󣬶ʱףʹҪˮܻ⣬Ҳ˫ܵٵˡ
˶ܾǲ̸ϣδݳ޵Ķ
Һ̫̫...ҰˣҽĿڣ̫̫Ǿʱĳƺڲãþ
ʱʿ飬ŸαŷԹʳΪӻԤڵ...ɣڣǵŮۻۣʮˣɿûҽ˱飬ϾܹߵȽˣ˵Աһǡ
۽ǵ᣺ҽһҪȥĺһУ
˵ҽнڳǱϰࡣɿûУ̫̫ŮǳǺˮ
ҽ˫ƣ۾...Ϊ...
˵ΪǶͬ࣬ͬ಻Ӧû޺
˵ǺˣӦܵñܵô಻ƽԴҽߵĳģһΪˣ㣬ֵء
е˺ˣԹ۲ֵˣûС
أ껳ɡ
գѽдšϣĲֽŽ´صȣصҽԺͷְȥˡ
......
ڶϣ׼ʱȥϰࡣ
˶ڣץԱ˼붯Ҫÿ˶ѧϰļսȭͷһͨģҪӵΰϯۡ
ѧϰϣǸɻЩƷ°ϼܡ
½˽̵ģͷģľߵģ˹Һ͹ϰʱ䣬˾ˡ
Ŷ˵ˮʽȥֿ⣬׼Ѻͷµˮͺҵóϡ
ˮÿ죬ҲƵƷ̫һˡ
ǺӱģټһЩ࣬ˮ
ңɤֿ⡣
ûпյҲûзȣһģѾȵһͷˮϿӵıԵϣվˣ˭ѽ
ȥ֮ˮָָſǸŮˡ
ȥŮ˵ͷѾڰ׽ִ˫ֺģִܾٵطǰ棬ķ˪ɿ٣ʱǸעĿˡ
ͷƺһСŮӵץϴ÷׵ɫѣ¶ֻ۾ϣ֡ݡȥ
Ů˼¶һЦǣźСŮǰ˵ãҽй
֪̾˭ˣҽ̫̫ͷŵģǵŮۻۡ
̫...˵ˣͬ־ãҾǽ
ˮٺ˶ǣ飬룬ôֵֹģǸһЩûĵ˴򽻵
ƿˮһЩǹɣˮȼţȻǮٽ㣬ȥһ˺ͷ
ͷиӣӵӺӣµʱ˵
ˮù˱½õĶȥɣ̫á
ͬ־߰ɣ˵Լ
˺ͷʱƻۻ¶ݣݵֽŹͷͻˣӸϣͷƣžӪôǸʮŮ
ᣬˮǹƵǰԡ
ƻۻ۵ͷҿҪ㵽ȥ
˰סһЩлл̡
һӽеġлл̡ЦȴֺЦ
ӴСܾСЦˡûЩܹĿ־˵
ۻ۴𣬾;бĸһڵϱDö֮ηη¼˵ӡ
룬ҲĸĲԣûѺӽ̺á
ʵգǰļϣдƹͲˡ̫̫ˣԿóһЩʱĽ
̫̫ܿسƺ
лл㣬һ˵˸ϣܷ
Щ꣬һֱܵŲȥ̫...̫ܲˣϵģÿϳȥҶĵڶһ߲֪ʬ塣ƹѾֱͦᡣ
ҲֻɨɨҽԺĲѣܿ꣬Ǽ꣬ҽԺϰ࣬ϱȥ֣ͨŷûʱ˯ֻҪһȥÿҹÿҹĵ˯š
꣬ʱεѾļ̣˵ԼǲТӣû취Ϸض֪ݡƹվ£Ƽҵ...Ҳûˡ
ңգڡ
ƼҵΨһʣµģһˡ
ǵĶӣƶĵطɽ࣬ȥǸ䣬Բֻ˼ңΧŨɽÿȥũҪСʱ
ȥʱ17꣬ÿһŶҪؼ飬ǰ˵ɽˤȣȥȴ˽ţûչţǻ֪
ϵݸƹסֲڵ֣ʱ˿̣˵κΰοĻ
˺þãƹͣסᡣ
дǼֿһϣ˯ǰź˵ҲԴۻ㡣ƹӲᣬǹģ
ҲΪ˴Ժȡƹˮϣƺ˵ȥ
ս֪֪Ҹ˵˵
ƹʣЩ̫꣬ˣ
ƻۻۼԼ޵еıˮֵͷӵú޲굽ȥ
ۻ۱£ЩǸġһޣһͺˡ
ƻۻۿſ޵òѵƹҽӹĶֱۣ¶һСĶ


16 
ƹŻۻˣص磬һؿڣ̲ȥ²
ˮٶոŮ˭
ûϸ˵һʶˡ
ˮٽӴ˿ͣ˵֪˭ǰƼҵĶϱ˵ǰͷˣװе˶þǳҽԺɨġ
ٺûôġ
е㷳̫꣬齲
黹߶߶ͣʮӶʮѸ質
˵ҲȽʲôԹֺǼ䡰һСĿں߿ˡ
£ָմԽ緢Ѿȥһˡ
ΪԼǰ֪ʷ켣ķչͻһǰ˳˳ˮʵϣʱһ΢˿ûκνƵıĴѡ
ڴ˼ÿһˣǻˣѪ⣬бϲÿ˶ԼȶĹ켣ֻһ
ʱ˳ʲô裬˾ͳʲô裬˵˭˭Ҳһ
˵ǸӲˣԸҲûнٵദƹҲԼ
뿪ģ˲١
ʥĸֻǸͨˣͬ飬ȴΪȥ˶˺ѵġ
һҰһң㻹мŻ
ЩȲͻһټһˡ
......
һҽԺſڼ뿪Ļ𳵣Сʱҹ𳵣һƫƧСɽ
˻𳵣¶׶ǣ̫ûȫӭųصĹ⣬һҳվϴҴҸ·
ɽһľïʢɽϣפһĹݶӣ˲࣬͵˸оǵĴڣƽսʿǶֻͷѵٳȥ
һСʱ̫նʱڵݶפſڣʾԼ֤ϵ쵼
Ӫּˣӳ֣Ҳܿ
һҰԼյϢ˵һ飺Ŀǰ֪ղڷ͸ĳɿ˼빤Ϣǽ25ϼѵ԰ʱ16ˡ
Ҽǵϻطӳ˵һСӿһŽһֱߣһδ˳˳ˮʮͿֱͨһҿϵĵͼָһֱעĽһڶ뺣ͣס
ӳüԡϻȥѾųղ𣿡
һ˵Ϣм٣Ӧ·ֵġϻųɣǱɱˡ
ӳʱӪȥɽ͸ĳפؿǹĵǡ
һҳ񣺡ӳ࣡
Թ緹󣬻һһСʱ󣬾͵ɽйֳֵ
棬ҪɽϾж
͸ĳеһʱըֳȻԼϽµΰF⡣
źиĽղ⣬ϰٸͽֵأٽЩеѾͷ棬еıѺ͵͸ĳеȥһЩҪĹλ
ǵղԣ֯ʱҸͷĸλֻһֱ͸ĳ
ʮСѾֻĲˣղ⿴ҲѾϴĸ棬ŬͶҵĽС
ǰ꿪ʼ͸ĳ½ӣ࣬ղˣǸʡб̵͸Ա
ܵ·ƣߺ½½·ķܣеıץУеڽι㣬еɽ·ûؼ磬ΪûнŴ粽Уץ˻
͸ĳ鱨Աŷղ⣬漰԰ͳ˸߼鱨ΪϷղԭȵͬţͷԷһ˱Ļһҹ
ͷ˸̵Ļ飬͸ɢȥˡ
һҴֳĳԹ緹˻Ʊˡ
һγţ·Ǹʱݷãһһһˡ
......
һҽȥݶӵԺиũԶŴ򲹶·ȣŵصḷ́裬Ӱɽ£ɽ˻к
緹ũҲСӱϣʮƴ׼Ŵ緹
ũȥ㣬ֻСˣβС㣬·ҡҡλεģһڴϺһơ
һƨɵСܹү̵Ȱˡ
ũȥ
24ϣҹɫŨɽֲָϵҲˣžֻèͷӥżĽ
͸ĳղʮѾõĶԱ׼ҹڷ֮ʣӳʮȥ԰Ͷϼ
ũϴϢ˵иİ˽ɽݶӵפأܿ뿪ɽˣӦòǴ󻼡
ղľ˿϶޹ʳֵģضεжйأС֡
Ѿʮ꣬ûģٵȥԭųȥķ25ţԻ˵ʱ䡣
жڽ
賿ϵˣʮҪӵ˼ϣ͸ĳ˿ȥѿǵ˴Σǹܿ죬ʮ˾˳˿
˳
ũָɽһûκ谭
СӱߣСƴͣڰߣղͷ˴ʣµ˸ϡ
˽ֵܣ͵ﱻѺڷ͸ĳǲŶʮղǰ£˷ũ͸Ĳ꣬ͱɿҪӡ
ϴʱԸ⣺ֻӳȥʲôҲȥ԰Ǿؼҿֵܡ
ֵܶģǷֿߣ˹³Ѵ񣬲ҴɫƣСĴֿڲϡ
ϴһ٣˭пܱ¶ж
ղһջ¶һЦλֵܣϴŻǣǿɽҪ߶ò߳ȥؼҼǵĴߣǰ·ߵĵطͰǷ£ǰȥĶȥĶ
Ȱ˼˴
СƴûҴģһֱźӱǰûеƣûֻʮ˴صĺżԾˮߵľ֦Ķй٣йٱʣϸ״ҹη
ղⲻҵģü˷ӣźӰĶ
СӻͷҪ㽭ʱղվԱߵ˸ƣ¶׹⡣
ˣ
ˣ
ˮҹﾪĶǣʣֵ֪ܱղⶪˮ´ˣԼһֻʣ´ˮ
һʼһãͳ׳ˮס
ղⶢûˮ棬Լ˫֣մô˵Ѫձ˵ģԼ˵ģٶҲ£
ڼղ⻹ǲԾ̫˳ˣ
Χһ˫Σյۣ˰Ѵͣ£ȫ嶼ϰ
˰źķߣǰȥؾؽˣдܼǰߣղȴ˵ҷˣɽ·ܿˣ󣬵Լĵһص棬ߡĳ˵ȥ˵
ø˵Уӳǰڱεﴫ
ղ⣬仰εѣ˫ȣ˭ô죬мѾĴɢˡ
ղ⿴ӿһ䣬ث֣
һҡӳֳżʮ˴Ӱҹ߳ǣ˸ߵǹž޴ĻѣΧסʮˣղŷŭ
ǵˣȴоֳ֣ȥˡ
ȥǹȥ׷ոɢˡ
˶ץˣ˹㱨棡͸ĳ˵16ֻ14֪١
ֳɶ֮ͽԵصɽ˵һǸ޴Ļ
ǰȥվһǰ˵أ
ղºӵˣ˫ֱһԹߣޣ
ܾϣй˭Ҳֳ֪ʲôʱֵģֻԱߵһ67ʽǹǹСžһǰ˶ͷϣһѪһʽͰ˴ſڵϣѪͣ
ֳеǹǹµѪǵҹ棬ٴʣ˭֪ȥĶ
ʱһ˵˵˵
˺ӣղָʹġ˵ָָڵϵˣһںڰеˡ
ղ⻹ݰˮһ͸Աղ
һüͷղ⣬ҶǾˣɱձˣҾǸǹڶ⣬޴ͬ...
ߣͬղϻһҵĻ˭ҵͬˣͬܰһؾ͹ʮꣿ˵Ҵطӣȴʼղң͸ĳһȺ͸ķһʲô֮ͬ飡
һһ˵ָʹģǼ޹أղıûӰõ
һϼѾ˲֮꣬ڰҹУȴܸܵ۾ײУɢɱ֮
Уǆʲôߣڻ㣡ʱǸֳͷͷͳһҡ
Уߣ⼸Ҳվ
ݶӺ͹ΧҴһţ˼ΧֻʣһЩ˳û굽Ĳݴȥҳһš
ֻǹǣɿɽܵļ׷˻
һû㿪о˳һ̧֣ǧ֮£ɾǡô˵ľ׵εڵأ֮Ҳ˻ս
ղۣƴֱţȥײˣղӱߣУߣ˽ͱͷ
һҰѷݵһ̶ͷѹڵϣֽŶȷٲܶ
ʯͷҪӱ͵ϮӳһҷɱȥƿӳԼļȴһ룬һɾʹӿȴûɢ
ղⲻϹսˣֱסֱߵĸֶˡ
ʮ˱סţ˻ڸ翹һҳһǹеҹһʱͣ
ղ⣬ٲͣеǹͲˣһǹָղķ
ҼոոˣѾ̧ˡ
ãҾͿƲܴмղЦ˺ͷ˺ǹתոķȥɢܣ
ȥ׷ղһԭأǹڶŰҹеղ⣬ûаһǹͷǴղȡ
ղǹڵſһվҧӱߵķȥ˭ʶң˭ҵĶˣǾˣɱˣһܸʲôҴ̣кãһǹʹ죡
һҵһ׷ȥʣµĶץס
ղѾܵӱϣűѹڵϵֿҾɴҽŵľʹһһӱߡ
ֳǹ߾Ǿ·ˣ
ʲôǾ·ղϳ˾ͷĿܲǾ·
˵ȣ˫ѵСƴѴ룬վ߰ɣˮҴߣʮһú
˵꣬ˡһȥû
˳ףСںתһɽָֻƽֻ΢Ļҹ
л˵
ĩ˫ݡ
ףĩ졣


17 
һҺһһͬɽֳûؾȥҽ
ɽҽԺҽ˻һҼôһ̧࣬ѣʱü֣֣ͻͬ־ȥʡҽ
ֳʾ˾ֳžΨһһճ͵ʡҽԺ
ӳԻһҼֳ羴ǰ޲ݰӣӪлԺ£ͽֵһ𣡡
ӳˡһЦƬ촽Ѫɫ
ʡҽԺһҺܿ챻Ž˸ɲҽ󣬽Ժ۲죬ٵðѪɢȥߣǻһҾ
ʡҽԺʡὭǵģмҽԺ滹мѧܱǹ԰ͺ߼͵Ӫ̵ܷ꣬㡣
һס죬ǰսѡ
иԵ˵Си׳㰲ڱǺЩ˲һ
⻰˵þЩ̶ˣ˭֪Ǿһֱȫصʶͷ캮ضشƫƧս£ͷѹעò£Ҳ˹ȥ־һ㣬׾ɥȥ
Ҳˣңѡ˭뱻ڸԣĵط
һҺһЦҺ㻻
̰֣Ļǵͬ־ȥ˷
̰ѻ˵˵ڵ̸Ѿսѣ˵ǰһڱ߾̣óѩ۵¡
Ժ֮󣬲
ϸߣôôСģ˵˵ĵָָļ
һҹϰһ⣬ںҼһںڷ죬ʯ࣬ʮˡ
ǰ˯ͬһսսѣӶŴڵʱиֵܣϵ˲һ
⡣һི
ˣݸһһ̡
һҽӹ̣׼ŽȻͬ־鲻̣˵˲֮Ůͬ־ƺ͵Цݣ̱ڶ󣺡ҽ⼸졣
СԼ˸񣬵ȼߵ̡
Ǽ㣬ȥ׳԰ŵģ׳ʲôˣ϶Լ⡣»һͷʹ죬ǱŵǾźԺúȺã˼ұɽͷǶģҪĶôסҿûȻǵżͶ㣬ȴ̻ࡣ
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˵׳֪ĸũ𣿡һʲ˴ִô׳䡣
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УˡӦ£Ʋ岻ģҲ̫ļҪ̫ߵɡ
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УġǲĴ֮Ǿ˵ĻȥûȹõˣԷɩơһھӶôġ
һЦŴӦˣͲš
ŴǼƿ龫ˮѶźãһҶ˶ұ߼򣬴ģʹð亹
Ѿüˣ֮ǰͽͬ־˵ȥҲ֪ȶ༸᲻һ˫ԲĴ۾̲סٺЦ
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쵽ʡǣһ𳵣϶һͣ¹һ꣬ɢȥһЩ¹꣬ٹգҲҪˡ
ʮĽǣһֺĸоϤķԣǧľر꽨ڣûи¥ãҲûֱֺײĹ˻Ĵẓ́ʱʱСء
һʵϰʵϰ·жȹǸ켸ʮƿˮϴ衣
иѰСϺÿһһŮһŵԹȥԵͣȹơƵ۾ﾡǶδ㽡
ǽļáܿ֡ᡢܳʵһλ䡣
СãߣȥǱڶʡǣЩţϻǰ죬ͺһġ
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һֻ۾󣬽ŽĸȴĿ϶ͺ㵽ŽţƱֱʡǣ潭Ժ鲨ȥˡ
Ҫ˲͹أҽԺ˽ĸö죬ȥŷŷ磬ǡú˸㵽źͻƱ˾͵ܵʡǡ
λģҪʡǸѧУɹһľߺʣ˶ͷд˳ųԹѼȸ棬ŽȥԺ鲨ȥˡ
˳ţʶʡǵķ磬ͺҪסʡǾͺˣִֿɾ̵ĶҲࡣ
УǴҲһС۾
ʡǺüΣýӵӣҪϲԺ༸Ρ˵ִ꣬żֺ׳־Žļ򣬡ʡʲôһ죬Ҫס׶ȥ
Сͥ۽ʡǺ죬˺ĻֻЦеɬҲ֪ԼĻں͹ϵûа취
˵Ժ鲨ѧУǴ˵㶫
ͷѧ٣һСпֻױס˻еͷ˼Ǿ͸״ˡ
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еĽԺ鲨һѧУ׷ϵεŮŮĽѩ÷ôвŻĶ
Ҷ˵ǸãУ԰ɢһͬ鼮ͽӰҵͻ顣
̫ѨһһģøԺ鲨ǰ;һƬã˭֪ӣСòкӵأ
סɵڴѧøƵģ߳ȥ˼Ҷ߿һۡҪǸҳȥһ٣Ͼ˰ץסʱһͣܶŹи꣬㻹벻ؼˣ
³嶯˦֣˵ô죿Ϳôң
ȰˣȻѾˣͲҪٺԺ鲨ƽϣھԺ鲨ƣһֻ̣ӱʮ겻
뽲ʲôӲӣһ춼һ˭׺ݣҲЩͷƤ飬Լ޹¸ʲô
ⲻӣ㲻鷳ȻȥȥߡƲºԼּʦѧԺȥˣС˵ˣ֪֪˰սʤ
Ժ鲨ǽҵĵˣʹ
ϾмڣΣǸȥȵң˭˵𣿡


18 
Ž˿ʦѧУĹСã㿴ǾǳĺӴˣ
ƵģתתвУһЩ·ϡǵãֹʵεĻУ21ͱȣȻȲʱִͿݡ
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Сã˵ôõĵطҪܴһͺˡ޿ϧ
һ磺İɣһлġ
ڽһȸһ𶹻Ա㣬ö˾Ժ鲨ѧУȥ
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ۼſ죬ǰȥһѹס򣬰ϳ鲨磬ô죬𣿡һֻȴŤסݺ˵ִˣ;
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ǰӸݣϻһԺ鲨òɻѾûšÿ಻ԣֻ˵úúãӣԼߡ
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þòԺ鲨һͷȵģҲǽŵģôҲ벻þȻţǽڻô򵽻Ʊģ
һʼе㵣ĽԺ鲨СÿԺ鲨İһͷˡ
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ںĶû˴ѧݣǰʮŬͰ׷ˣϵŮŮѣԺǰ;ͨͨûˣԲУ
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Ժ鲨һɣǰȥס֣˦
㣬㵽ҪʲôԺ鲨ȥίᣬЩһ飬Ͼʱ˵ǰ;ܻܲﶼǸ⣬ڶܵϣƻᱻе͸ĳȥ
ֿʼΧתƵεģſڣһǧǮٱţͽ㡣
һǧǮԺ鲨гҪҵ
ֵһǧǮЩԺ鲨ҡڣֺݲģҾȣСʱղ룬ҸҸѧУſڷٱţרŵȵǷѧʱ򷢡
Ǹɫİ򿪣ֻŶʮŷ⣺ң㲻ͬѧ֪ݵģκһԲӵʧȥںĶ
ôΨͼսթӣԺ鲨Ȼֺɸǰģ...
һʳָǰҡҡ˵һټһ١
Ժ鲨ǵ׵ȥˣָŽãõúܣ
ҵȻܺã뿪Ҿ͸ˣСʱҪǸҲҾֱȥҸίᡣеľٱţһǧǮһֶ١
Ժ鲨۾쿴ǰޣ޵òܰ˶ȥ
һǧǮǰ̣Ժ鲨ܻ㡣
Ա˿ëǰŭԺ鲨
ãţԺ鲨˺ݣѧУȥ


19 
Ժ鲨ߺ󣬽Ž߳С԰ЩĬСòϤСá
˽һҲ֪Լ϶̫ˣЩɣͣʹʹصһؽġ
С磬߰ɣҵطԷ˵ʡеǮƱˣǳǰԺ鲨Ҳ硣
˸ߵĹӪ꣬Ŵ󽭴ӣĿ棬䣺ˮʳ㡣
СãԺ鲨ĻǮ𣿡ʣ֪թǹһֱΪ
ɲˡߡ
Сãܾã㶼ˡˮ˫ֳס°Ϳеܡ
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ǸظˣԺ鲨˶Բ£СӦûģɸոԺ鲨˵侲̶ȣһİˣ˿鶼ûС
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Ժ鲨ǰԼʱ䵽ſڣֻнһˣҿڣȥĶ
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˵ϻǲû룿۾סǰԺ鲨Ͽȣƾ˽ǮСʱʱѾ˺ܶࡣ
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һ־ݿҽǮҪǸˣթҾҪʮǰ;ָָǼˣԺ鲨ҸŮϵɲС
ϵлŮں飬ʱϸߵĴҪģʱҪˣԺ鲨Ҫʷ׵ˣҴߡ
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Ǽ㿴ңҿ㣬˹Χˡ
˵ҸйˡѸոյĻ˵һ飡ְǷٱóٵȷ磬˿ŷϵ֡
Ժ鲨ֶˣôˣöִŮͬ־ֻôҶõ˵Ժ鲨Ը뽭ͬ־һǧԪ
أ
һֱֻ
ˣлλļ֤ʵԸǰ޽ͬ־
Ǽǰޣ
λԺ鲨ͬѧ˵˶иڻäܵʡŽ߲
ʲôָʹأ
ͬѧô£Ϊ׵һ˵
λ磬˵죬Ͻӻ¶Ц˷·λԺ鲨ͬѧǰǰˣĿһǧǮΪ
Ǽеֻ࿴һǧǮе࣬˼Ҽ£ǹܡ
ǼҲֵ֪ĳ̶ȣеĵ˶ŮǮʲô
˶Ժ鲨̬ȶЩѺãָָѼˣǶ˵˵
Ժ鲨ͷ춼˵壬թֲּܽߣǵһʡȣͷѾ˵յѧľִ٣һһӿͷ
ֽǽĴ
Խĺʱﵽ˶㣡
ôҸʵҲ֪Լ£û¶෴ʡʡԼߺ󣬲ذǴǮװְѰľٱȫóԺ鲨ˣһⲻ
Ժ鲨ӹǵעĿľٱţ޵ҧ˼ţ󶼲Ҳºơ
ۣ˭ϡ㡣
ߺԺ鲨ųصĽŲʧǵ˸ƧطЩٱһһ򿪿ֻóǷдֵģʵʵڵо˾ٱġŷװȫǵıֽ
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20 
Ǯ, Ҳûжزȥ21ͣ潭Ҳٻ
ɶǮùûǮ, ִܿ, ȥͽϡ
ûʶʲô, ֻǴԶ, һϢ
ʡǣҹ翪ĽţҪһȥȥˡ
СãѾжɿڵĴ˻ȥˡʦ˵ܵ, ҷ籨, Щǵݡ»Ǻܿ׵ġ
СİЩպãЦŽֱۣС磬ߣóԵȥ
õǮˣ
õˣİһС, ԽЦǽͻȥ, ̫á
ĽűϾҺģ˱˵ͷ, ϲ顣
áƱСʱ, 緹ǰ, Ǿܵ졣ͳŻƱýܡ
öڸ˸̵һȦ, ̾, Ŀ, 21͵С̳ˣʲôУǸܱȵġ
ǮƱ˸µԲб˵˵ͷͷرϰ˵ľˣ
СãѵһˣҲ㶫Сĵ°ޱϧ
ҡͷС˵ǻǵ͵һ㣬ԭôڻôԺ鲨˵û֪Ҫ̵ġ
˷ܵĻ̾ͱˣ̵꣬Щģ°Ҳ
Сãһˡ֪˵Сôˡ
е㻵¼ؽûкܻú
𾪣ô˵Сڵôһһ׵ģ
ԣǾͻһΣ󶼲ˡ
ʵ˵Ҳ̫ΣˣԺ鲨ҪûŻסý˵ز˼ˡ
һû˾ĵطӰٿǮС磬ѡ
գСӦõ⳥ǰȣʡǳܼʶƽʱҲû
šǮǸԲʰóԺ鲨ǿֱ
۾һֱϺƵģ
Ȼв˶ֱģֻһ飺Сãǣ
Ժ鲨ǿ顣
Сã㣡ˣ֯ʲôԼľ
ʱʮֺҪ·پûˡ
Ȼ22꣬ɱϾС꣬ûйϢȾֵżũƷǴ£֪Եõ˼ġ
ˣֻӲͷƤ˵Ҫȥɣ
˿ϡذǿ˸飬ʹ˼ʹСãȥɣǵĶҪ
˴һҪǰѽˣԼԭԼ
öֿߣһ·˶ûٽǳĬ
һģһǮ˸ŷ⣬ѱװȥСңҰѱѧУŵıҾߡ
ͷ˸ĵط£İ
ܹȥٴʦѧԺſڣҺ绻˸ֵౣϼǸ
ѱݸͷһ걣ãϵԺ鲨ıܲСڹ԰ˡ鷳ת
±£ںᳫʰǮëǮϽֵñ顣
Ȼ걣Ҳʦѧ˼Ʒأ˸Ĵָ
ʵڲҡͷ֪ǸԺ鲨ɣ
ʵ֪Ҳû⣬ʧ춼дУſڵСڰϣѧһ۾ܿ
֪۾Ǹѧ˹ĵġ걣ҲʶͷԲӡ
Ǿ鷳ˡѱйȥַƵˡ
ͬѧѧУñʰľ񣡡걣ӱ׷ʽ
飬ܵøˣͷһء
ֱͽ˶ɳһ˶һۣЩ˼Цöֶ֮˸˵ܡ
Ժ鲨Բ˽ǶʮٱźԼϷˣԽԽޣңҪȥվˣ̫۸ˣˣˣ
֪ÿֻ˻𳵻;죬һ˳ȥ
Ժ鲨Ҫˣԣ
һҪȥ˰ѽСץѽҲץ̣̣ͳͳȥ͸ģ
У԰˺кԺ鲨ҲûŭѾͷ˷һУſߣֻһͷһҪȥվ£Ǹۣ
ͬѧͬѧջ걣ûãһ½ֱͿһԺ鲨ҴҴ߳æŰ˽סԺ鲨ͬѧʧ죡
Ժ鲨˲ɫƣֻɲסŲסһǻԹߣҲôãʲô£ʲôʧ
ûжֻЩʱ
걣ֵؿһۣͬѧͦò𣿽զˣ˵ô壡
ֱѱݸԺ鲨ڹ԰˰ɣиͬѧ񵽣ͻˡ
Ժ鲨㶣ţӹֱֻ˲Сʱֱ𣬱Ҳ߶ôֻˣ
˭ͻģԺ鲨ʡ
һ۾ĹӣǸѧУѧɡ𣬡Ʒ̫ˣӢۣôصĶܺԥػñ
Ժ鲨һҧгݵĸоˣ
˵ˣҪ˱ֻʲô
վ嵽վȥ˴ס˼ϣʱ޾͵ȥֻ࣬ĵĸмͷôͷķ֣ѱˡ
Ժ鲨ЩɥֱУſھǻתᡣ
......
ͽʮձһ·ϵվʮӻ𳵲ŵվ
˾˸£ĬĬձ
Ŵʶű˼ԼҪԺ鲨ֱΪ̫嶯ˣǷȱǣƲþҲǸԼһ·
ĳ̶ȣȥ̽ΣҪԼлԭ
Сã̫ˣ֪Ժ鲨ʲôöҲѹȥǸĴкǣΪǮӦõģ
Сþ͸ֲܵ
źûԺ鲨һ٣
ȫױƫ
ҵĴûпСˡЦصǸ
Ժ󶼲ôˡҲȥ˭ҲߣСʱһ
áӦ
˵ָֻ̬һЩǵڡ
ö˰ѸСóȻһ䡪
ͬ־á
̧ͷ۾ľڲסڳҲˣ...һͬ־ô
ˣִʯ࣬߸վǰű߷ż
ˣ˵Ҫǵʡˣ
վȥǿʯ࣬²Сʲô˿ڣôˣ
ִʱ˵ˡһ赭д˵
أôʡˣһʣԱǸ߰˷ꡣ
湩õȥָ̧˽ܣҶ罭磬ǻһӪ
Ҳվ֣Ǹʯ࣬ˣͷӪãǽ
һ֪ФӺ˵ǽҵ϶ûгﻧڣŰ벽Уôܵʡˣûʡ
һͬ־ΪңΪˣһһǳܵˣϾȼһ֮飬Լλó¡
ƳǿߣǾˣҲ⣬˽һѣǵձóӪԡ
ֻðѻðձݵһǰ
һҡͷҳԹˣǳԡ
ִӶóǣýֽסͬ־ǡ
ֲǽƽôö˶Ҫǡ
Ա߿ţһֵֻ˸ӷǹ
λǻ𣿡ӹǣһҺܸˣ¶һڰĻ𳵡
ԣǻ졣磬ŻһҵĻǿһ𣬻иӦ
ãҵǱ߻һƱ鷳ҿһǿŽ˵ġ
ôſѣȻǵͷӦοﻹԼС̡
ŻһҵǰͷȥƱǰ಻סĺ㱬Сãôʶģ
һۣˣФҪҽһ٣
Ŀࣺ
һҸߴıӰֿǰûߵãͻȻһֵĶԱǸӪ͸Ӹ˵㣬Ҳûʲô˲ġ
ո㲻˵˼Ҿұת۾ûʲô˲ˣ
ߣ˭ãҲſ
͵Цϸ׵Ҳ֪ǲѧġ
ФŰ裬Ǽģʣе
ǡ෴ǽŽĸФӰ׵ġ
뵽ʻŻһ뿪죬ɴȸԤ룺Ҫġ
˴һСûİˣ
С磬ҾߣĵͷЦһ£ɹذԼһƤ
֣ҲˣƱĻһҲû˿ʼĺɫʲôӪڵǴ
ϳʱ򣬼һˣһƿֱ߼ϳÿ͡
վڻһԱߣż⣬ͻһұߣüҶûֹסЦȻĪʤǲÿ˵ѪҺġ
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Ϧտ֡


21 
һͬ˻, ͽǻһҡ
˲࣬һڳֻ˼, ֡
ڵû¶ȥ, 鷳, Ǯ, Ϲ𳵳ŵġ
һʼԻһһ۵ģĶĶ˳ۡ
𳵿ûֻ
ʡ, һֱ, ûȥط
һҺһЩӵ£ǰЩڱ߾Σգýζܿǹɳ羴֮ȼ, ȫȻǸԼ׵ˡ
ǵģûм롣
糤ҹ, 𳵿һСʱ̫δɽߵĽ, ƽ
óոڻվһ, ǡֺѩԭĹ¡
һҿڶĽ, Ӵ۾ľ, ׾ָʱҳ, ϵı, ȻЩֻؿڵС֡
Żһңͽһ۾˺棺...أСӳȥ֮󣬵ǲǾ͹ԹͶˣ
һһࣺ˺ܽƻ˸ףͬھǳ˼ʱûмǰսˡ
̫ɶˣ߷ߣ˫ȭǰСľϣ顱
̧ͷº͵ؿСһֵۣͷȥˡ
һҺȻ˵ҿ
ûдƿЩĲɣ𣿡
ţͬ־һ
𣬶ĻӪҲÿһһˣһ˶¶һղЦݡ
Цý˼䣬ƺʲô벻ȥģַ·ˣһͷץҲץס
Сʱ費ǴȥⳡӰôڿ飿һķ档
þʣٿӦȥ
һ˵ʲôʲôû˵ͬ־Ǹˣ˵Ū
ĺɫŨ߲ʺٿ飬ͷĻ𳵲ƣ谵ֻܿĴպãȥϴּ䣬£ȥˮ
һҼָͳŲһǣڲ׽Է۾ĳطģóԣ㳢
㲻Ǻʾã밵У̿еɰ
ӹǣԼһźҲֲĻһҰһš
ﶼǣġ
ˮǶĬû˼һš
.......
һҹ󣬽ӻλмС̧ͷӭųһ۾ͿۿĻһҡ
ˣһҵᣬЩɳƣСʱ͵վˡ
ʺɢҵıӣôѵô磿
ϰˡһЦ
лĻڻϿܶγûһ졣
ڣЩһҰһɵľˮƹȥϻ˵Ļһ
šӣ˼ˮѱӴɢó룬ָԼ˸ɢıӣԡڳУСԲůˡ
һҵˣǸںıӡ
ûãҲˣ˸վǣӲɰҹͷʹˣѹִҶ˵ڼǧպáСãӪϽվߣֽš
߳ȥϴ˰һҹ˶㲲١
վʱ򣬽ǰһͽ˶һһɵòˡ
վ˵ͻһȥдһҾܾˣ¸ַĦгͷ
ͬ־ûȥ˺ǳԡһҴӴЩͷӪƷЩǲǰսǰЩ͵ġ
룬ңҪлҲлңϴС˵
ڴ֮ͥȥģ˻һҵĺ⣬ܻнġ
ôͬ־ټһų¸ַȥִʯ࣬ô׳Ӳ˿һįĸоӰ˵ӰĹµӢۡ
СãؼҰɣһҸĶˣ˶ˡ
ŻعħˣȻûһе¶
......
¸ַһҰѶźĦгϣֵʯ壺Ӫʱ׼Ϊˣ
һŲ֣˰ûûصġ
¸ַָָö˵ıӰ˭컹ѣ
һҿ˵Ľã𣺡Ͳݣ
⻰ѳ¸ַģˣͷʣô֪ݣ
еĻʶˡ
ǽͬ־磬߰ɣġһҴ
¸ַһһңֹİ
˼Ҵųȥ˼Ҹ綼ˡ
Ҹ㰡ɲ췸󣡡¸ַշĦг뵽һЩɲһ⣬ּɲͣѵҸɻ£Ҫ˼Ůͬ־εģ
Ů⣬Ͻģ
ɲûһҲһͷײڳ¸ַĺϣסƤΣˣû˭úÿһȥϴҩ˶ˡ
¸ַ߶߶Ħг
......
ȥ·ϣȻһ£ѽС磬ǵǮԼӦִŻûˡ
֪Լ˴󷽣ֻҪǮ۾գһ¡
Ȼ˵ҵģȻҪͼϡ
˵ڱҪдʶеżекһָ϶裬Ǯ͵ô©ȥдǮĸ
ģƽƽ˶óǮ쵽ȥǮòѻ˵ֱס
ǵҲ׽˼Ǯšˡ
һٿǮţô㣿
һֱû룬ϵǮɢɢģʱԼģʱǴ͵͵ӼģСżҲǮûԼ룬һôһǮĸûԼǲǸʲôȥˡ
ôţÿһ㣬һţʱҪãã˰ɣ˸취
УֻʮǮʣµҪҸȫĵطš⡣
û취ֻһУմûʲôϵֻԼҵطء
СãҾԽԽˡϹ ˣҲ磡
ҭһ£ҲͱҴ˷ӣ
˷Ҳ磡͵ҵģ˵Ƕˡ
Ǯ¶ҵģҾġ˰壬ҳԸҪˡ˵˦֣ȷ磬ϵ̫Ҫ˿ˡ
ͬ˴Ǯ¶˵Сˣ͵ԼӮˣȥгѩͷˬëǮ
·ҽԺʱ򣬽Ӵͳһ𼦱ɣ磬Ҹ磬£Ҿ͸ġ
ﺬűʲô£
 ؼˣҹﶼ·ҽæɸлл
ָָҽԺŵͰ¥ȥ칫ң˶ӡֱ͵ȥ˽йشͺˡ
˽һۣҿ֧ʹɻ
˵ô˵ǽӹɣѻһҸĶŵϣأԼᣬۣһ
Ǹůи磬Ӱ³űŽ
ܿ죬һ·Сܻˣͳȥˣɫе֣ҽڼңûҽԺ
ô£Ҳ棬ʱӦϰࡣ
˵ҽŶ˼µƱǼûʳ顣ְͷĿԹǻһû˼ţǻۻ۳ˮſڵܻȥҸĸż˵ġ
ż¶Ʊ죬¶ôŹ֡
ô¶ѱɽĨĹˣ˼
Ҳȥʣ˸ɴȻؼˡ
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ףĩ졣


22 
ͽŶͲ¥ȥ, ʱ򽭸ͽӶ°ˣ׼з
صңӭǵľͽƽ
ʡĶó, , ĸ, İ׳, ɩƯУƽƽõһմɻСߣһװľǹ
⺢ӣָզô裬һôණ, û˶ǮĸТ, ＫǮҪǲܰѶ˻ȥǵŮȥ̵˵
ѵȥһ, кʵľˣ»ȥ֪ʲôʱء, ЩʮǮǷƱԭµǵƱһȥˡɡ
˶, ͶǺ, ǻġ
, 쿴ҵԲʰȽţѰ, , Сøģ
ЦСöˣʲôʱ米
ԥ, е㲻᣺ɲŪˡ
Ǽ׳óСøİ׳ȥԣɱ˵Сƫˡ
ƽƽҲֻ߬մСùңǹùøСǹ˵ܹȥ˽һڣҺ͹ùˣ
ĸЦǺǵģƽƽͷԺɵöԹùúá
ҶԹùµһãССƽƽ׳ﲻϡ
ӣСͷСǶҸģҪôлл壿
СƽԲԲ۾һƬγҺͶҲµһã
㲻㣬͹ùõһãͲܺͶһˡ
ƽˣ𣿡СһƬᣬ¥µСȫµһãСС˵һǺ͹ùúá
٣СӣҶ㲻𣿡ƽС˵ã
ţҲһͷˣӻؼңġ
ǰͻȻ˵Ҫȥʡǳæ޳Ժһȥ᲻Σգӽ˵úȥ㵽˽ţһȥһЩӶû£ƽƽˣŵǿҲͷˡ
ͷӣĸ֣ıŮʡǸĳͶ̿㣬أ
ЦӣŮТĸٶ֣ҿ̲סЦͲ¥˭֪Ͻ˸Ůֲڵ֣ſϱȻ
˵㣬ҸָĸĿšվԱЦͷϱ˸ɫ·С
Ӵӷ³ɾ־ǻص˸սʱʮ⡣
ȥϰͱˣɫ࣬ϴǰȥ潭ӽ⿪Ŀۿӣе壬Ҹ´ɸƽ
¸ȥҾ˹ҺȢϲƣʹȥҲøӣ˸࿡ĺ
͵Цɩ˼
ĸ͵Ц֣㣬ĸŮ˹ûС˼ˡ
СãôŸѵóһţûԼõ㣿תͷ
ӰͳӣָĸʹɩԵһ˼ҲǴˡ
ֽûռ˶ӣϴڣҲڡ
ǿɫӣЦðüƽˣСӺСһãеʲôᣬзݡ
ʲô ָָſһĺɫϴʣ˵ְѰ׳̫ȣصҾŰӡ
ǻһҸĶ
ǰһ£뻹ʵʵ˵һ͵ġ
ǸӪԻһҵĳ羴֮黹ûɢȥĻͷˡ
ӪСã㻹ʶ٣档
ǽĸм۶ôʶ˵ģ
ĸԣСõ׶ǰӰΪܵ¶̫ˣȥϴˮ裡˵ſڵͰȥ¥ͷˮ
һ䣺С
㻰ĸ°ѻ˵ˣƽϽ
ԣô£Ե޹ʵģ˼ҸͶϽ޵˼
ӲͷƤ˵ˣҾãͦģټ
֮⣬ǾзչĿܣ˼ҵĶ
ĸԿһۣǽĸ˵ôʶģ
Фʶһ˵ˣкҾʶˡѻ滰˵ԥԥ
ʱѷ£ѽӵĳպãýڱӵ£ЩҲǸӪ͵ģҪȥ
죬ʲôףǸФԭ˵Ҫܸ٣Ѿܾôǣˣ˼ҵĶ˿ôã
Ф㣬Ǹ˳⣡
ĸҲø˵ȥǽӴˣ
Ҳûã˵λµģ˻ɡ
£ǵձ˵Ķĸͷ᲻ŮӣҪõľССݡ
֪衣ͷ
˵ʲô룬ֲ˵ˣ϶ǸӪ̫컬࣬˵Ϊ˵û
ϴˮſڵСһšһˮϻʣ㲻Ǹҳϵĺͬ־
Сͬ־ԩŵط˻˻᲻ô㣬Ƿǻҵģ
ˮϴͷڻûϴϴͷһȫġ
ֹúЦ߹˵СãøɹõͰˮϴ裬ȳһ¡
Ͳ¥Ϊ˽ʡú飬죬ҼһװһͰˮڹ̫ɹСʱͿֱϴ裬ˮˡ
ˮᵽˮСͬ־Ҫȥܰˮˡ
ã˭ոô죡˸
ȻŸ̤Ͻ£úýǸӪ¡
裬ԩԼ治ö죬Ҳ֪ġ˵˵Ҷ֪
ú˵ͼ棬ôҪ˼Ҷ⣬ŮòײŴлҪһ׵ģǾͬ⣡
ǽͰڻվôһңôһͬ죬վ˻һμҪЩ齻
ȥթԺ鲨£췢һУ޾ϸȫ˵ˡ
裬ǸӪ壬ͦһˡһҲޣ˼һϹսɱأǸӢۡ
ˣسˣʯࡣеǸĿӰ
ͽĸ׷ʵ𣿡
ĸľ¶ɲɣԷвмٺãͽףҲ⡣
˵죬Ȳʯͺˡһô˵ġ
̬ôĸʡ
ͦõġûûһҶöһѺãûԴҶĺʱشǸˡ
ĸͷʲʲôֻȥӣôϱ˳Է
ȥ̽̽ФĿڷ硣ŴҲע⣬ĸ
ĸͷЩǣİ͸Ů
ϴͷʪģҲˬ˺ܶ࣬˶еȣͻһ׵飬ڽ˲ˡ
ЩᣬҪҪ˵һЩһýĸľġ
ɽǶ£ýԼٰѻͷԵú֡
˷±ܵñӻ죬ϴ룬˸ʱ䣬ͽĸ˵裬绹ȥΣͷĲӻ˾Ͱҽ
ĸӦڻû˯ðɣȥ˯ʱͽ㡣
ˣɩǽһɫɫĵȷǼ⡣㿴Ͳ¥˭ѵģһȥ򡣡תͷ˵
۾һУУҾ¥˵˵ϻСŻš
ʱ䣬̫ȳһȥΣ˹гһȥɿڣһ˰ëǮʮƥ˻
ǵˣֲʶֻëǮˣȵһǺˮǮˣ˵ſиϴֳأλȥϴ졣
ǵͷ»лǵûǡ
ҽģұҰ塣һƣ¶Цݡ
̣˵˵ְ˵ּڱϡ
ص磬ˮٺǰʡ֮ô
ͳӣһһ
󷽣С۾Цлл˰
ˮƤŽС˵Ҹϼҵ׸⡣
Цٽ㣬Ҳ̫ˡ


23 
ˮ١˰ϲ, Ǽڲᡣ
ζŸϡķ󷢴ȱһΣʲôɫ, ҪƱ, ǮС
ˣҪɫ, ǿɱ
Ǻ½ˣˮٴȤ, ֪˸ȶҲͽ¶ˡ
ѵ죺ٽ㣬Цҡ
һΰɫģˮҪ˸ɫģ뽭ȥĿ, ѡ˺ɫ, ĸ˽Դϲ
ؽĻذ칫֮ǰǶΰɫȷһ䡣
æòˣҲ, 챾ϰ࣬Ϊ˰ѻġ
°ʱ, ҽ
鿴ɣ˵Ǻ滹, ֮, ǴĶϱܸȤ, ȴֶŲԸ˵ֻתͷԿⷿĽ, ң
, һݵĹ, ￩һ£Ͻ˵ҽƱ顣
ˮٽϵĹƹߡ
...ǳ࣬ͳʮǮ㻻ʮȫƱ
̫̫ô£ҽĲ϶Ʊġ
ϵɫʹҲкޣһ˿ľ˵Ⱳӵܶٿܵͷ
һĹ벻1974꣬ⳡ˶ܿҪˣǧǰϦˣ뿪Ȱ⣬ԳģҺ˵Щʲô
һɡʮǮ
Ҳ֪ʵÿ˵ƱͰ͵ģʵû취ˣٲ˻Ʊ͵öˡ
̫̫ҪĻңûϡǴӦˣйƱȻûӯ࣬ʮҲղ
ǿ¶һЦʮǮţ
̫̫ô£ҽĲأסҪ߹վ˵㿪յ
ˣôҲϲȵһʱ޵ø
...Ʊˣ޵Ǹǿÿ¶Һͻۻ۵ĳȥҪЮ꣬Ҫÿ°ѸƱ...
ʲô׵ģûһǸɶǿƤˣҽû취վ︾档
ҽƻۻѾǸӪĶͯˣôȱԵģ
֣ûȥ𣿡
ҰǲҰǵʣ𣬿άԼ̬ǿǸίµˣָĶĶƼңǰңͿˣ
ô죿ԺŲӹ𣿡ܼ
˵Ǹô죿ô죿˫ٵסָСǽܾʱŮӣֻӣܼҶ飬ûнζԿն
ˣѧǵĴѧʦһƿũҩһ˹ԼͷʹϺ
æȥıƽ̫̫ǧˣ޾֮·һа취ɹģ뻹ϵĶӣиһҲô죿
ʱĽʹԼո죬˱Ƶǽǣû˵ԼϱӺ򷿵ĺͿڲŶóˣһƱȰǰˣһô
ҾͲŻ˻ܵˣ
һа취Ǹǿ
̫̫İɣǲʱδʰ
ЩԼţ˵ˡ
һ֮󣬹޹ˣӽ˺һΪ飺Цˡ
̫̫ÿ˶ѿʱ򡣡һӸȥۻ
ֻСèԼģڸۻۺˡ
òҪıɣۻۺϲʲôʱ
ǾŰɡǮֻҪʱ䣬ʲôʱ򶼿ԡ
ˣͲ¥иС԰ҿиϰʱʱᵽǮһҪƱҪʱƱˣȥǸС԰תת˵ֲ֪ô𣿡
ϺȻиǳЦ֪ǼҵһС԰̴ǰ˵Ҫۻ۶ĵط
˵ˣƺ˼һһɹϾ˾
˵öԣҵøţֱܾͦᣬ鷳ˡ
ҡͷϧû̫æ
͹ֱ󣬽Щͷɥ·һдž޴󡰴򵹡ĵλſʱԸӣϲѹֺ޷
......
صͲ¥ͽӻû°࣬óǶκڲݸĸСӡ
ĸӹڲŮ޾ɵӣϧ𣿡
Ӷ¥ͷϻ˸·УСñˣ⼸ͷȥġ
˵Լû£ֽģûСĵϣ㶵ģŹ˫۾Դۡ
ĸϽĲȥ̽Ķͷûգȥɻתͷ˵ϴϱҸȥһ˶һȡ
Ӧ£䵹ҩġ
ФڸŽҵĶǽ˻ôţҪҪȥʺһһСĻͷֲþýˣˡ
罭ȥ֮󣬽ĸҵФӣ˵һҺͽ׵¶
ĸˣҲӲҺϽһŮһؿĶһε
˵¶ˣô˽ҽأ
Фһ¾Ͳˣúõһ٣ôϵˣ䲻Ͻˣ
տʼȰţСӣҿ˵ͦ϶Էģ飬ҲһʱǽӴӴϽҲ۲۲졣
ù۲죬ǾͰŮˣĸ뵽ŮǼ޸һңҪôԶľҪʹФ㣬¾ôˣҲٴǼˣ
仰Ѽʮھֶƻˡ
ФùǺȥһ½ǽ˵ôһ£һ˵ãһ·ԣôͲŽһ㣬Ŀھͳһһأ
ڴϣκģۣһ뵽21͵Լһ뵽ǸƮȻȥŮɣһ뵽˫˫ۣлһǸںڵĴ߸
ƺ֪ԼӺζֽᵽδȥ
Ǵɾɵı̺ӸסԴԵɵ˯˹ȥ
󣬽ĸߣһںҩ⼸ȣأˣͺˡ
һҪܾĸûȥ
ɴСĸɲŮðա
ֻ۾һգȥֿǺڣ³ŴӶͳŻһǷŽŰѹȥ
ҩԹܿͺˡĸҩףͷƿӳȥˡ
˻оõˣվ˿ˮŰɩϴ
ϴ˵ʱФӣЦŴкФӲ̲ģ̬Ȳ̫á
ɫ鶼̫̹Чͨԭ򣬻ʣôˣ̫Ȳˬ𣿡
ФӼȷʵ֪ӣһ˫۾ﾡǹУлҲֲǽĴαذСϡ
ô˵費ͬͻӪ¶أ˵ǲԹɻһڣ⻹Թԭ˵ӪͦõģһΪѾͨˡ
Ͼ׹ˣǽĸȥФ˵˲ĻЩ˼ӣ¶ңûǶ˵Ҳ֪ǰҽԺǰȥʡˣŻ¸£һˣҰϸ˵
ҪҰ˵ʲôίˣǣҵĲá
ФӼ̬ȳϿңһǿ̹ˣҲǿ¸ĸģļίŰѻ˵ġ
壬ǸŮΣ˴
ǧƨФΧûھˣСզ
ͷϴˣϸһҵһУԼкģ˵ֻм򵥵һ仰滹һءӣ˺ܺá
һ˶һкģһõĿˡ
ФЦݸⱭý˾ƣϽôԣǶܺȵˣǳ˲١
л˵
ӭԣôôա


24 
ڶ, ڹſڵŽʮȫƱл, ܿ, Ʊ, ûҽԺȥɨ
˶ûٶ˵, ߿Ļ˵ˣҲ˳⡣
⼸մͷܶˣܺҩϻ᲻, һ϶û
ֱ罭ͷ, Ӷ۶۵ġ
˽ĸİĳƬͣһһҩȥ
ҩ֭ȣһҪꡣ
ݺüͷȥְѻһҸǼó, ѹסһࡣ
˵ȥ, ͸о˲٣Ҳָ˵
Էһ룬ˮϴļݸûȥƽƽ, , ͷš
Ŀ, £ԵĶࡣ
, Լһԣ, 治𣿡
ҡͷȥ, ̫һΡСҾ֪ˣСҲҩ
պ׸⣬ǸԲʰöˣϹģ
СãҰǮɡʵҲʵĵطƽ˯һ˯һûĵض
ҲǣҸСıɺװã
ӦˣŽķߣһؼһˣûȥ
磬½ææµµģǼˣˮļ䣬Ҳ̫Ѱ
һҽʱ򣬽߼˿ͣºȿˮ
ͬ־æأ첻һҵʯѾˡ
̧ͷӲһ¶ͷϸһͬ־áָָͿźҩˮ֣𣿡
һǼʹˣСǿԶģᶯһ֣˵ָòҲʯ࣬ҩͺá
ɵСˣ˽һ졣ѵ
һֻǿЦܿͻˡǰصҲܹ
ѸոŪɢҵĻƷںã̧ͷҪʲô𣿡
һҿæµ˫֣¶һЦ⣺ͬ־ġ
ͣϵĻ˲ձߵ鷢ã°ࡣ
ϻصĹӪꣿһû뵽һ㶼ŤˬˬʹӦˣ죬㣬һ߹ȥ
Ц۾䣺ãҵ
ˮͷ̣ȻһˣŹ˵ǣȻںڵĴ߸ӡ
ٽ㣬ҵ׶󡣡ҲûţҪ¹ģˮ٣ڰûһƲҲŸռ棬㿴...
ˮӦҶҶ¶һûûɡİɣϣ˵ġ
ͬ־ƤطС˵ҥԣ䲻ܸ齲
ٽ㣬ã˵Ļھ
ˮٲ˼ЦЦԺ鲨飺ܿǰߣĺܸˡ
ٽ㣬ȥѾȥˣδ˵ʲôȻѾҪ뿪죬뿪ˣؽģǾͿ쵶ն飬ٳɲ
˵ǣһҶƺҲкøС
°ʱ֣һ׼ʱſڣϦУ̿ϱһϦ⣬߶Ǵ۾￴бɣȱĺһ̿ͦͿ
ֱˮٽӹϵԿףȥԷɣš
һҺͽ˲ȥӪԷؽһ׷ۣ˸嵰һǸϻһͷһƬ
ʳԵò٣첻֪᲻Եøࡣ
һұЩ죬ǵƬƵǰͬ־⡣
Ѽ嵰ֳ룬һ룬ŵʣһңϲ𣿡
һҿǰİ嵰⣬Ǻ˺ôһڣȵø˶Ťͷ˼ˮǿ˳һʱ֪ӱܺãֱá
ɿŶԲƵĽʱһʶԷڿЦ
šȻûоӣһ֪Լ϶Ǻںںġ
\'\'ʲô˼ϲǲϲʣŪȥ
һʶ͵ͷϲ˵Ķˡ
Цɡȥߡ
ػһûԣھͰѶˣ꣬׷ۣ绹ûʲôθڡ
ԲˡʣһС룬˿ӡ
һҿ˽һۣӣǰùԡ
ûܽӴǰ˿ЦͬһˮǼӽˣҲ֪ǳʲôˣԼܸо
ԺԲµĶҶܳԡһͷԵļ϶Ȼðһ䡣
ԼҲʼ
һң
˳Ա㣬С콼С·ϣ̫δɽȺġ
ǰ߱һҳ֮Щ΢ԭ׼õĻ˵ˡ
ǻһȿĿڣͬ־δʲô𣿡ѾǺֱ׵ʷˡ
أ
úùҡúӣչ˼ͥһҶδļƻܼء
ﾹӹһԼʧ
УǸŮ˺áһҵ۾ƽǰܽţ˫ȭȱߣ뿴һֲۣҿ΢ббһ¡
ʧݡһ¾ɢˣԼǣ𽥻ߵ·ߣǶ˲֪ѾߵбԵ
Χһη·˼ҰݣһСԲûвľɺӰľˡ
ͣվһƾɵ˱ϣ̫ۣһ紵
һҿèģ˳Լĺ֣ḧɢƮڿеĳûǸӡ
ŵӰӣһֻֿƵطԺڸ磬һľյȷ·Ҳɢȥ
۽𣬷˺ͣһҵƵڽ𡪡
ҿܶ䣬ȵĻһɽսսϡ̫ţϺůÿһҶ̫ҺԶ
ͳɤס̧ͷһǡҲͷסһҾϺȣǺ̫ܽ
̶̵ļ仰ýҪһҵ˫۾ֹ¶ߵ
һֻСɳԱ߷ɳˡؽһع
ó̸ȷղܵһŨҵİ⣬ǳ嶯ϡ
һңǸʫˡ˺ܾãźͻһ˵
ֻѧϰۣдʫʵһңֱش
ЦǸɵϡ
㿴ϵķɻ֪ȥ˼ٺͻһҶӣֻתƻ⡣
һɻɫźŵһһ΢ܲ׽
һҲ̧ͷգñȽ棬ָľͷʱʱһ㣬һźͽ˵ӦʷɻҪɵϾȥġ
ϵķɻֿߵĻһңЦñȸոո𣬰ѻһЦסͬ־Цÿ۾̲סһЦ
ƽƽģƻЩţҲǿվӴսҪϲɻʱҪȥվأҿȥ
վڻͷܽȥɻ󣬹ϸġ½ˣʺ
Цøˣ̲סȥ˵һҵؿڣӪ˼
һǸΣĽһεЦؿڣҪôǸŮ˺ã㵹˵ѽ
ĳ˺յģոպȹˮȴÿڸͱӶø죺ͬ־һõģңһȶԼá
²Цˣκʱ򶼲ܳЦһ˵ģ۾ģڴôԶĵطҺ¡
ңǾˣұߴһᱣģһҼͷͱͷǺһãǺӶԣ
Ц롣
ãҺȥûǣҪԼƵ·ϣŻ̤һ
һźϵıһ˲˺ܶ࣬ϲãֲߺЦôߴһˣֵӡ
ǿ˿ڣҲ֪ЩЩɣԣչ˺Ҳû⣬ҲҪתһ죬ϣܰСĻں͹ʵһ¡
̫ɽˣڴϣ˵ͷüëȾһ⣬г֨֨Уؼ䰲ֳ֡
Ӫа취ġ𣿡ͷʵúᡣ
һҴ侲ǰ̧ͷֱСŮˣһıӣûоܾ취
仰͵̧ͷЩţɻһһƬϣûбӽĽҪЮģ˵һõġ


25 
Ѿѻ˵, һͽؼңûоܾ
Ͳ¥Ƕΰ·ڸ˿ô, վڰӰ˵
ͬ־, ٺ, Ҿͻһ𸴵ġڽҪ, һĳŵ
ͷ᲻ɼӶͳȵˣһǣǻһڻϵ, , һԼԣһŵݵһ
𣿡ʡ
𡣡һҴ
Ȼȥˡ˿Ͳ¥¥ƵĵƣԶ˵Ц
áһӦ, һȥ𣿡
áҲӦˡ
һվԭأŽת, ֿŽٻͷ
ҲΪʲôô̫ɽˣз紵, ϻô, Ҳ߲һ, Ҳϲġ
һһյģȫ֪Լôصд, ôڴϵ, ĤǶˡ, ֻ˫ǻڣ¥µ˶ѡ
ͬ־˵ʲô˵Ҳϲġ
һһһУ﷭ȥЦСԲ
ڶһ磬һͷȥϴԼĽǿ㣬ڴ̨ϡ
Թͣطʰţ¥µķԱĵ籨
һҴ򿪵籨ͨ籨һֱŵ˳ˣ֯Ÿͷһ鱨ԱգڵȵˣһҾһ
ѵ籨ˣͨ·Ѵ̨ǽϸµعοһѷ죬ͷȡŵļȫյֱһҲˣȥˮˮ߲лҡ
Թ緹ȥʾ֣ȻŴ̫ȥϰĹ
첻ͷӴ˿ͣΰźһڲֿ档
ˮٽ˵Ǹ׶ˡ
鿴˵ĻһֵۣũƷֶϾʹٽ㡢ʲôĻҪѽ
ͷҽˮֻ˵
ҳȥһ£ȵšӲ˲ͷĺ̫ˣôһ죡
飬ɫߵͷѾˣˡȥ֮ǰֽ
߳ȥҲͷ̽һǸĶϱզô¶
ˮûӻȥʱ˳ְѲֿشˡ
Ʋ죺ʲôصģֻͷԼĶȥˡ
һͷҲһͷĻһңԼһֱˮŵˮݸȿˮ
һȷϵķˮ룬֮䲻Ծ׽˺ܶࡣ
áһҽӹˮھͰˮȹˣˮȥװ
ù֯ˮһߣãÿ춼ˮġ
ôܹˣĿ˿ͷ̫ܰ˵Ƥɹһ㣬̿治ᱣԼ
㡣һһǰѽˡ
粻Էˣе㹤һһһǰ׶󽻴٣幤˵Ҫ߶ԷȥЩʱĻ뿪ٻ
Щʧ
һΪˣɫЩҪ֯İš
ŷԼɫãЦһͬ־ţֻ룬㹤Ҳ̫ˡ
תͷһЩıɺ͵صСԣһƿˮñֽˣˮٵǼǺãݸһңҹûгԵģţԼˡ
һʮֲ˼Ҫĺ⣬ˮԱ߿ţ˴棬ҲЦλͬ־ҪܾŮͬ־⡣
һŽӵͷһһĻƱġ½Ӧ˵Էˡ
ЦԼıӣƽȥƽء
һҺٺЦֻŽʳУԼոշĵ籨С˵飬Ѿ취ˡ
һ»һңһᣬĻϣежȴ˵
һֿһۣͺָˡ
Ȼһߺˮ߹϶Ц󲻴нҲǸռŮ˱˵ˡܺ棬ҲûʻһҵǸзִеˡ
ˮЦЦǣȥˮװˮһˮٺȡ
......
һŽĶֻһд
ǵһ иŮ˹᲻ᰤܶϣƽһɤ۶е¡
һһѲ컨͵ļֽóͬһţƤֽ濴һ飬дϼ֣Ϳ˸׵ı־
ʱ䵽ˣŽʳվȥ
СʱĻ𳵣еһʱѾ賿һ࣬˻վֻҹƣСһƬڰۿɼǰһСλ𳵹ԶһЩľ¾Ϳˡ
һûȥдֻڻվֵҵĵط˸̨µ
һģиҹ𳵵ˣڽţ۵ȳ
һͷһҰۣ־κη紵ݶûӹ˫Ŀ˫
СʱҹɫŨһдſ׶гվϳ³һָۣողںڰе½߳кͿҪࡣ
ֻ˼ţгԱòſά򣺡ҪҪúýţһƱϳ𳵵˫
ǴҶģǸ³˼һţڼžҹվͻȻ˸ҹС
˶࣬һվ߶߶в·վȥ
ʱиŴ˲·ߵԱߵ̨£̾ѰˮȲϡ
һҿɨһֻۣ˵ķƣɫڣǳ泯ũ񣬿˫۾ҹＸҪһӡ
Ҳתͷȥһң¶һЦЦ滢СͷȸΡ
ǻһҪˡ
ôҹӻˣ
һ£˸һֱ۵ľ룺ҹˮС졣
Ӫ˵Ӣ¡˻һҵĻ˲Ŀõϥϣ֪óһȣڵͷһеȷ硣
һֱˣӻ˵ںƽ𣿡
˫ӶŻһңЦӪǸģԺǿǻվҹգȥĵ£ǿϻ֡
һۿˣһ㣺˭ģ
˭ĲҪһݣﲻȫˣ˺ü֣תء˫ҿ˾ȷ磬Ȱҹﶼ죡
Ӫļأ߹ȥ˵ʡ
һûҲ㡣
ֿ˻һһۣһңûл׽ղ⣬Ƿɱ֯Ѿܲˡ
ղһǸ鱨Ӷ谭𣿡׶񣬵ͳ֯ţ㣬ܼһ
һҲ£̧°ͣЩӣʾɲζԷ
𳵷ءҹˣ㱯ߣгԱվ̨ظҪˣûϳĿϳ󳵣
վ£Ҳȫһϳ
һԥ˼ӣվһ׿˻𳵡
˰̳ȥһͦεгԱ˵ĳƱ͹֤񣬳Ĭش򿪳ţһԲǽȥֿٰϡ
𳵺ܿ쿪뿪سվ㡣
һһ̳ᣬŵһ󵭵ѪζѸתͷȥšס˵˫ۣ˷Ӧܿ죬ع˼У⡣
һָˣ󷴱ס˫ֺҽһס󱳣ѹڴ̱Եһһܶ
һ˲ŷſһң˦˦Լĸ첲ֱۣģ̴ͷ˵ôôܴ򣿡
һҾò֣һİסһŭɫֱûƵĻסˣúǹ
ϸߣϸߣиĳλ𣬡ң̴ͷ
һ˫һŷŹǰˣķȥǸв̴ͷ˻һ˰ҹӣˣ»صڰУ̶̵ĹҲ㹻һҿˡ
ϲ̣һгɫôô
̴ͷʱͽв̴Ϊͷÿ˶̴ͷƽ٣ΣȺͬˮ뺣źۼ
ոէһ̴ͷ㲵ͷСһȦ
Ͳ̴ͷǴǰϷ߾սѣӵĶԱһõĽ顣
Դ׳Ѻ󣬻һȥ˱̴ͷϷ˵ӣִ֪ʲôȥˡ˵Ѿûˡ
˵ˣˡ̴ͷܳһȰİɫѪ֪жء
ô£һҹʡ
˰㡣ﲻȫˡ̴ͷܶ˵
ڳÿ˵ĹǶܵģ˭κ͸¶κι
Ǹ޶ӳΡ̴ͷƤϣָָһˡ
ոպͻһҽֵ޶ӳʱſڣӪļóվҾҪ³ˡ
һ˵ϡ
Ϸݵ޶ӳһ˿죺Ķ
ոջվвȥڶλǽһɶʯͷСһ£ó
̴ͷˣ⻰ЦϢһһģϸߣ㣡ǰ׳˵Ƶģʲôص׵ġ
޶ӳ۷ſڣ͸ոոǿŵгԱһһһҾڵϣ
Ӫһվ³ĳƱ㱾ŵ㣬Ҫ󡣡޶ӳͷղ£סˣȥţԼ¶
̴ͷ㻹վһϣѾǰǱߵֵˣǻôȥҽԺ޶ӳ߽ǣȼһ̣ǺǵζǼˣ賿³٣ע⡣
ǣ̴ͷؾ֣˸
һͲ̴ͷɣκβ̴ͷ֧ϸߣɻ
һվ̴ַͷϣ̴ͷת˸ﰥӴӴؽۣûڻһд¼֡


26 
ʻԼĹ, ѵѵ̳ˣ޶ӳڻһҺͲ̴ͷλ, Ǻ˵һһس, ż˵仰
һεķ, סˡ
ҹ̴ͷĴϢ޷Ŵ, ˵ǡ
һվ𳵻ٽվ޶ӳϨ𣬶⣬վ, óŵ, ̵ûԿţǸոոǿŵгԱ
һڰԵĲ̴ͷߣ˵ټȶһЩ, 硣
޶ӳſڴһ߹, ˵Ӫֲ
һҵͷ΢΢, ͷ޶ӳ, Ҳܴ򡣡
˻ྴ˸, һࡣ
һ˳վС, վֵҶû, ɨһ, ֻиϲͷͷ˯վĵҲһһģʧ޵ģ
ƹȥΣҪϲгһСУȥСУг죬ȥҪˡ
һû취ֻŸոձ޶ӳ˵ұۣһϵһ£ۣݣ
СվСʱ쿪ʼϻûɢ½ŵվǸֵϲͷҲ˸Щˡ
һ׼ͳ֤ͽȥƱиСһСմˮӣЩĴվϵˣüС˵ʵӣִ𡣡
ôһͣ£˻ͦ󵨣ȻĹڳ϶ũƷ
ǮһҪӵСƵģ۹·˷ʱԣʡ
ԳһһҲϲġ
Св飬ЩӶһֵģ˭᲻óԣ⼸ˣóǮŻһҺָ꣬ߴǸӲӣԲž鷳ֻϿԼ˸Сĳ
һҿСһ۵ģúЦһڰҧƣˬࡢ𡢶֭ˮȷʵʡ
ҪһǮСѿӶ
ź죡Сϲüң˻һҵǮΪᱻڲһӣû뵽Ǹ󷽵ĿˣֵðôʵҲ˳ȥ
𳵵վѾ˰˵㣬һڳӲϣǸӵСĴۣҪСĶŻվֵԱĸ罭ҲͣûйûлڣżŪСǮñŻСĶӡ
ѹֽ硣
һҴ򿪰ıֽͳıɣŸսˮȥȻЩƼ
Сǻվת򳵵ʱԱߵ˵ľ񣬺Ϲʡıֽڵȥˡ
һ߳վʵһӪ̵꣬ͷЩʳƷһĹӣľ񣬿ϧЩľڱʽͷ˲ٻҡ
ۻԱָ׼ڼָף˽䲻ʣʲô
һߵľļǰ˺һָһɫľ˵ҿǸ
ۻԱ¼һָףżǸ˻ҵľ
ľǸŮ˺ɫȹӣɫ£ŷͷΣһŮԲԲһ˫Цӯӯ۾˫һϹˡ
һЩ۵ذľͷϵĻȥָŮĵ˫ۣǮҪƱ𣿡
ۻԱ˻һһۣǲɵӣ̵ңǲɫģ㡣һǮͲҪƱëټŹҵƱ
һһǮűֽ
¶ࡣۻԱӹǮűֽһңԼ
һֻðӷڽűߣűֽһİĹ̨ϣ׾ذССľŮסһֻ¶Цŵ۾˿Լİգ⡣
վʱѾϰ˵࣬һҲĴҴҳվдȥԭ˵ãҪͬ־һ𸴵ģ񽻲״ӳٻġ
дſڣԱסĵ籨
һҽӹ뿪֮ǰȥģû뵽ôյ˻
ȥʾ֣һϼҷ֯ƿƳתҵսѷ˸籨вбԱ£ѽƹȥ
սѻظʱУõ괺죬֯ŻҪֿԣƼ˿ԵȣǾ͵·ȥԣֻҪӦֲʶһ͸¼ȡ
һҲ𿪵籨ٹһۣصԼķ䣬û뵽¸շſڵ
೤ϵģôˣһͳԿף򿪷š
һңСӿ԰һǷһծ¸շЦ
ôˣһȥѾûκļɾúܣسѾȫˣ´ɱװԣȥɩӺͺǳԡ
׶ͦ¸շȥϴɾһУ·ǹ磬ȥ̣붺һû뵽ϳˣʲôʱ˵ԼԷû׼ʱԼ
ﲻͦϣҲ㡣¸շ罭ʱǸŵСģһͦ顣
һҴӰóһƬƵĹκƬ׼ȥˮϴ˳¸ַĻۻͷЦЦǺܺá
¸ַᣬӶˣˣǲϲ־ͺ޲дϡ
ˣȥϴϵζá¸ַ̰ӵһһسԡ
ʮӺ󣬻һҴˮóӸĳֱһϾŵˣػһ·ȥͲ¥ҽ¸ַȥ
ȥҽͬ־һҺҵĨһͷĨһֵˮ
Ҳˣ˼Ͳ¥ͷϰ˼ңŵӾ͹ص˯ˡ¸ַ£ְѸոյĵ籨զ£Ҫĸֶҹ
һҿһ۸ղŵĵ籨ѽ˵ˣûʲôҪ󣬾͵ļĸ磬Ұæûйᡣ
¸ַۣǻû֤ҪҵˣԽӡֻ
˵ġǸùȥôԶĵطҪչ˺ӣһԥûУܵóһ潭ѡ
Ҫתһ죬ٸ缸ޣ롣ᣬһܲһӣһǻں͹ΪǺأĶôף¸ַ治죬Ҳˣ˸񣬵ȼһ̣һֳ࣬ýǳû١
¸ַڼ˵һеϣҲܲסڶ߶ҶСѧǵŮý¸ַæĸָ꣬Ū߶˴꣬¸ַ䶼ˣû취
Ů˾鷳¸ַڶ£Ͳޣ֪ӳλӣһų̂ûߺţƫƫΪ
Ҫиƾãúȥԣȥ¿ƵĿƳԳԷ˵ͳˣƫƫָ߲ɵͲ͵ģĸȱСѧĻŮ
¸ַѼҲһԶһҽˣӳǳĻֻǸӳֲǹµгҿҲˣͽ˰ɣ
һҳĬһ೤Ҳ֪ҵʲôᣬͺ˵˵
¸ַһһ̣ӶģһȥѴ򿪣ɢɢζ
˵ҲûУҪߣҪбҵҪдܽᡣ¸ַ̻ҸͷҪڿ죬Աк͵µسҪϤ
һ۾ˣͽǸбҵҽС쳤еؿų¸ַ档
¸ַȴǸ粻㣬Ǹʱλʽڡ֪ڵȥ룬͹ϵϰ첻ûطס͵ܣÿжʮǮ
ǾĻһֱ벻λֳʱҸˣȸţ˵¸ַһ棬ּ˵ҲģȻʱڣҲвһת
ǳ¸ַŵѧƽȥŵ߶
һҰĻ˴ȥ㣬ɲ˵
Уɡ¸ַ룬£˭Ƽ˲ţҲܡ
ȷǽǹˣ¸ַʡ
һֻЦǿŽιǣееճ
ؿɲܿˡ¸ַ³һȦ˵̻ңҲ˵Ц
л˵
ĩ˫ݡ
ףĩ졣


27 
¸ַߺ, һ˵ƣһ˶ںڰУҹȺҼϵʹ
ͳ, , ֻ̿, ˯, ҽҩˮ˴Ϳ˼£﷢꼸˵ޡ
ڴһ, һ, ȭĦ£̴ͷдļ֣׳
ʯͷ¡
ҹ, פصҹҪһЩ۶ҹ, ԶʱʱƽԭϵҹҲг, Բʮﲻһյ, Ҳ, 䵽˶죬ѩ, ı, ˳, ƬƬĺҹܰ˺û
һôСһ᲻Ҳϰ
ڶϣһ˸磬緹ŻмʵӣǸʵʵľŮͲ¥ǰˡ
ץסһȷĶ
һҹû˯ã綼ԻһԴǸ˶ܿĲɡ
ûȵһңʱȴ˻һҵսѳ¸ַ棬һ棬¸ַͶûж˵ÿҪֵܸܡ
ϳ¶ӳ¸ַЦĺкýиͣģܻиָ͵飬úõŻһһ
˯ǰ룬ڵĹңǲ̫һ鷳ˣһˣ˼ֱܾʧǾǼɵˡ
ϳԹ緹ڼң˵Ҫȥϰࡣ
Ͳ¥ǰһΣԱ첲Сã㿴ǻӪ
û˯ãһֱ˽Ļ̧ͷͼһҸߴӰǰͷϻŸӣˣһЦ
ƲԱߵĽС̤ǰôصô٣вزסĽ͵ǡ
ںͷŽгһƣСҲ̫ɫˣûӪҲô
һҰװ׵ںںڵϺܻۣӵݸҸӣġִóһֽŵĶ
ǸŮľУһ۾Ϳ󣬼ġ
...ֱ֪˵ʲôã𣿡ʡ
бʡһԼֱ࣬Ǹ˵ҲǹˬԼġ
һЩҪ˵ЩʲôгƵ߹Ӫ緹𣿡
һ飬뿪ڣȴغС磬æԼȥɣҽͻӪ·ȥϰࡣ
Сãһ㣡ɸ֣ͷҧ䡣
ͷӸӪģûȥȥ
˰ŽС磬ټǵøͷ
һҼ֧ߣãͽһ
Ĺսѣһ죬һϼҡһȻͽһǲ⣬ΪʲôҪ֧
λŵ˵һ£ҵĽǣ죬þ졣
߬ǸľŮͷ˫ְźġ׾ıֽ⿪һ޵Ůһʱ䣬ﻮһ˿һ˿ɬ⣺Ҹ£˰ɣ
еѣǻһûԹԣֻظǾ䣺һõģҲ˺á
Խ˺ãҲӺá
һңʵҪû취ţҲȥġ֮£еľŮһ⣬ϣһۣȥ
֪һƺץסǵȷһҹ˯ƣɢȥ¶һɵЦ
һۣٿһۣҲЦˣôûʧֲû̸
˲֪Ҫ˵ʲôһ𲢼һ·һҲӴ󣬾ŽСӣߵúܻ룬ȵ˱˴ѩţڼջʳůͲôˡ
Ҹ£¶ӳ鷳𣿡¸ַŷĹʱܼᶨǸԭˡ
೤ˣܿڴӦͲ鷳һѾԼˡ
ģ㲻죬괺ȥϼҵķ֯һսѺúùġһȥֻСɿɰȥһ
ǳͲ¥Ǳһ··ĻҪһСʱ̫·Ҫһôȴܿˣǰ򿪵ţŻһңҵˡ
һͷָָϵľŮʣϲ𣿡
šͷ
šϲǲϲһ
ǣ
һ˫۾Ц¡
ȻһҲ¸̧Žȥˣһֻøںͷ˵Ͻ磬һȥ೤
ͣ½Ųһѵн飺ҹվҪ𳵹ˣҪã...
ԣҲҪ׼ãʱһߡ
ˣǸľҲмõġ
㣬һȥӪԷԹȥҡһѾͳ¸ַ˵ˡ
ͷӦˡ
罭ͷʱ򣬽ԼĴгС磬ѾӦ˻ӪҪһȥҪӣҺܿҪʰˡ
ʵҲûٶʰģҵʱܵиǰ·Ҳ·
һϣ⣬ΪСúһΣǾ᲻뿪ҵġ
Ҳͬ⣡ڹȥʹҲͬ⣡Сţ
Һˮٺ鶼ؼˣͷ̫󣬹ҲûˣȻ治ճ
С磬Ѿ˾侲һЩ˵ꡣȰҶԻӪֻһҪ󣬾źĹͻڡ
ѻһṩѡ˵ˣǾȥ¶ӳһ£һ˵öԣĹܽżͽż̫Զˡ
ҽżԼȴȥôԶʲô˶ˣСãǰ粻ǸӪż棿
ķзŵһߣҲԲˣС磬Ҳ뿪ǣ뿪졣
ǵļҾ죡ʹɩƽƽǶ죡
ֻôƣС磬ˣû飬㲻һ츾Ůᡣ
⻰߿࣬ȴҲмʵͲ¥µھӣŽ˵ɱ˭佭Ժ鲨Ƕλʲô۶ŮԶ̡
˭֪Ժ鲨һ죬ͰѻʧܵиһŮ˲ݣһŮ˲ã˸ܲͥůͰϹˡ
ģǸϸµ۰ŮȰǧѱ˵Ļϣм仰˵ˣüأھһЩСĿڽǡ
Ҳ˵ˣ۾˱ˣͻȻܵͷĹϴˮأšˮͷʪԼͷַܻع磬˦һصˮСãô˵
뿪Žеʹ࣬ϲѣҲϲŽƤС磬ңѾ˾ġ
УһҪš
ףǲģһе̫ã״ϣ22꣬Ҫָ߿ˣдǰ;һһֱȥ
ԼûáϵʹװģĺԼܽһ⡣
ܸжȴǣԼ׸öãϱյĿǼ˵İ
˵һԷĿӴϣҴһɾĳõЩΣĹһҪã
ҾͦõģҪҲҪڡڼһˣһԷ˵
Ҫı䡣˵⻰ûб飬òӣС磬ǲԶʮ꣬ҲǼ򵥳ԷˮͿԵģ˻ŻҪöĶ
۾ﶼǱ˺Ͳᣬ·һ̾ҪŻһˣʵڲΪʲôԼһֱΪΪʲôСڱӣ


28 
˿°ʱ, һҺͽһȽˮٽһǰʮˡ
ڹӪԷʱ, ᲻, Իһҵ̬ȵ, , ܡ
һҲδĶ˸磬ֻǰѺóԵĲ˶ѵǰС˵
Ҳû̫˼ûа취ɳҪʹͱ, ؾ, Ǹˣͨġ
С磬ˮ𣿡ԵòˣӲ, ˮ
ˡýż߽µĹϹġ
Ӱó, һ˽ȥǾʹӡ󡣡
һЦһ
֮ǰ, Ǻں͹, ﶼҪҧѪ, ҪܻĻ, Ͳ, Ҳ᲻á
, ǵöຮŻôѩĶһ㣬СöҪˣôܵˣԼ뿪죬ɿüĺôȴ䵽ϣʲô¶
С磬ҺͻһѾҪһҲڵǰˡŻһҵ棬Լľģڣɲɣܸһ˵лл𣿡
һҰ֣˫£˫ֻǿŽ
ɬ¸߰裬СüֹͰ˵
ӪԲƣл㡣˫־˲豭
һĸҪδ˸ͷ˱С꣬һһƽ˲豭˺һ裬¶һЦҪࡣ
վּԺǸߡ
¥£һҴӰóһƿװİ׾ƣݸһϡ
ȫû⣬ǽӹԼţߴٸ磺߰ɡ
˳¸ַֻǷڼңӵ¥ͬѧȥˡ
ָ¸ֵַСһ䣬һ䣬ǰ̨ĳ˸СͰ͵ģȫͲ¥Ļöˡ
óɩǸӵˣﴰжȡ
¸ַİСµһԱǸݳЦм־ͷԺ˸С٣ܸģ
һҸǽܣ೤ɩӣǽͬ־罭ͬ־
¸ַ£ͽѴˮ̾ƵݸɩӣؽУ¶ӳɩӡ
ʲô¶ӳһҵĶ󣬾͸дɩ¸ַûͻһ˵Ĳޣ˼Сͬ־ðڳĿ
һ£˾ɩɵŻһ£ѳ¸ַ濴һ̹иŮΣ֮壬ûһشûҴŮˡ
Сϴˮ˲кǳԣƿһۣ̹ģҲ̹һ㣬ûˡ
¸ַ˸̣Ƕ棬ûǱҪæģͬ־ģǾλǸʱڣĿǰҲھҲ°ѻ˵ǰͷѡ׼
⻰˵ýͽﶼһһԱֱۣ߰ʾꡣ
ҪǸĻˮƽдܽᡢ棬Ҫϣ´ļЩǼж㲻õ䵥¸ַ浯˵̻ңݵøƵĽ۾ڶӳϣ·ڿһ
룬ǸҲͺںţŴҴܣûû飬дλԣܽᱨЩûӴ
Цӹ¸ַĻ´磬͸պɧҸˡǰĵʦͰҺͷͬѧѧϰдö
ʦ±񡣷ЩҲǲסռ˸ƵıˣЩ˵ŶȾĪ˼֡
һҿ˽Цһۣû˵
㶣ô𣿻±Լô֪
Ŷ¸ַҲȤ˲ֻҪҲҪдӵı棬ڵʸӡɰֵͷۣͬ־Լ˵˵
˵ѽڳ´ǰͱˣʦǰ㵱һң¼˽׼ļܶ־Ͷأļ
ֻøŽĻ˵һ˼ģһ֧ʵϣܰдġ
ͨһ仰˭֪¸ַ澹˴ȣԣҲҪдʲôҪ˵ףתͷԻһ˵һңӲʵϣҲ˵
һӡ֣һҺͽЩȡ
Ҫ೤չաһұϾˣ̬
Ц˻һһۣе㽿˼
С᣺Ӵ⴦ˣճ
ãˮС˸ӵϣָҲһ
ЩƽӹɲСôż޳ȥ
¸ַ𣬽˺ֽݸûȥǾһίԱдģϣдһܽٿ
æĹӣ˫ȥӡ
һҺ˵Ŀǰԭ˵Ҫġ¸ַָͷŻǣˣǾɡ
ǵõĸ磬ҲԼˡȻʽģܶתĻỹеġ¸ַ˸ոյǿӲְѻ˵Щ
̼ôЩ꣬лܽԼˣȻСİ취ȻҲû£˵ҲǸĺϢôд棬ҲЩûףȥҪͼ
¸ַͿʼͻһģ޷ǾǴȤСʲôʱҳʹ֤
ɩӺͽڣһҺͽЩнգҪȥݻļˡ
¸ַЦҪҪģ׵ʱ򣬰೤һȥ
ֵܺãҲá
˳¸ַҵţ˿¶ӳͦѹģͻȻԼһ磬ǰǸкӣèϹܣڼһȨƵ磬Ȩأ˵ƺһԾŶŷһҼܽ⣬ǿƣľǳһ
УִڴҲʼпзѿҲΪˡ
һҺͽһߣ˵лл
黹û£лһҿãʱ̱ϡ
˵ҪȥҼңһҸղŵĻ
Ҫǰʲô𣿡ҪҳҪ˼ҵıŮôԶĵطһҲġ
˵룬Ǳ̫Ϊ̿ˣȥ㡣
һҰѽͻǳͲ¥Լټͻдȥˡ
صͲ¥ѾϾŵˣ½˼ңͽһͬϻԼŵ˷ܣҲûв졣
ƽƽ˯ӷ߳ôˣСܺСôһˣ
ûĻ˵裬ɩҶڣ˵¡
ôˣࣿ˶Χ˹Ĭ
ѻؼҳԷƲȥ⣬ֱӰըųϻǸӪ
ҴӦȥֱһ𾪵ĽĸɨһĴɩ
ͷСǰЩӸԲʰװŸոճ¸ַֽ
ĸ£վеô£ö˶˵ģ裡
˵ˣҺͻһңʵһ۾ͺϲԷ˵ҺãҪ̧ͷˣҲûţҰȥС繤ͻڵ£ǾȥԭսѼˡ
϶˵ŭصڽһơ
ĵÿ˳ҲίС󣬰ʹ綼ƫСãҲ£Ҳ֪飺С˵
ʲôо˵ĸԭվŵģԱߣȥͷ㻹ί˼ҽǲΪ˹ͻڣͰøˣ
衪ͽͬʱг⻰˵þ̫ˡ
Ա߲ӣȴҲĽƫġ
裬һжҵľվ˽ǰ棬С֪ġ
ĸֳˣ...Ҫʲô
ɫҲܲޣȱޣ˵ꡣ
ͰԼҪͻһҼ飬ͷβ˵һ飺...һжԼСҲǱǣߵġ
ĸӰɾ֪ԼԩˣȴǸֻǿǰһᶨŮгΣ˵ʮţһ꣬ٶİ
Ҳ֪Ҹĸ϶ᷴԣȴ֪ôҡ
ǽǣûԷ֪ʲôˣҲ֪ʲôŵֻΪĹͻڣҪߣҾͲͬ⣡
֣İɣҲϲġģ̿ͳһŮģȥίСĿǰˬ죬ûһ˿һѡ
ˣ㹩Ĺô죿ӱõĻŪǧͷֲҶϸʣ´̼裬´̼Сã˸صʡ
۰ͷ͵ø͵С磬ֿ˿ɩǱһۣôɩڹĹ
ƨɱƵüЩţЩϲҲһȶ˭ڼշˣ
ⲻУӷӦ𻹴ʲôУҲû˵ʶΪֵܶ˲ռСõıˡ
ʧȥ£ȷʵð죬Ӳͬ⣬ͲҪ


29 
˭ͬѡ, ҲԤϵˣѾѼƻƽһͲܷˡ
, Ұ˴, ȼһ
ĸ࿴һ, Ȼ, ҲûȫܾĹͻǷ޵һĲһܰæǻǰǼҴæġ
Ҳǵͷ⣬һ뵽ŮҪ뿪, ȥôԶĵط, ĸ̲סޣԺһܼ氡
ֱôôȡأ
Сҵط˯ɣ, д顣ɴѸ˵жݼ, д
ͷľľģ˴ȥˡ
Ӻȥˮϴ, 潭ĸڿĴ, Ѵ̺, ӲľϣŽĸ֣, ҲǹҪͰֵġ˿, ҧ, ˵Ҹɩסһʲôʱٱڶӣ
˵꣬ԼҲڡ
ȻҲˣԱߵĵϣһԲ϶ɢĳݡ
ĸ̾˿ҺûãǰܰѸֽķȡǼҲһӶһ𡣡
Ļ裬ô˵
ҶǳŮˣܶԸĸҪʲôأ
ͻһһúûѹǽģ̫ԼҪʲôˣǸܺõˣ裬ῴŮġ
οϵԺ˺ӣ̸Ӹ𣿡ЦЦһӣǻСҴСǶţⳤܴġ
ĸؿøˣôôȴ࣡˵ļ򵥣趼ףǺõģ
һҹųըýÿ˶û˯á
һֱСǸĹ
ӾСã޶˲˵ʲôĻշת˼ΣһҲˣʹ˺࣬ŽȵĺҹﾲĬ
ǰռ޸ӵʱΪ˷޲ط룬ԼĹӪԱ˳ѸλٰʮǮŽ죬һΪҸĹ˭֪ĸλĸţûͻᣬӴ
ΪϰλǮܵԺãĸһﴧٰʮǮ˷ңźһָ߶
ҹҹиֵٿȥҲԸ⣬ƫƫûУֻڼҴСڷ磬ɷǰ˵ҲҴ
СӵĻָϣɽһ䲻Уֶϣ
תںڰпһ۴ɷԹίôͲΪԼС˽һأѵļ
ͷĽĸҲû˯š
˵ȰǵÿһɣĸĶӦӦŮǱҲģϴϱźҲТ˳
϶Щ꣬Ϊں͹˶ٳͰۣʮˣ󶼲̸
϶ίˡСỨҲöԲסСҪãûֹƫģһֱҲûۼ˵¶
ĸĨᣬͷɲǣĶҲίڲԣ
ϲ⣬ȥˣóԵġӶͳͰ͵ĹҵƱȥھǻƱĸĺġ
ĸӹǼƱһСȥ͸
˵˴Էǿͣǿ㡣Ͻޣһʱ嶯˸ˣ˺ôǾ٣ҪˣҲ鷳úܡ
ˣô֪ص̫𣿡ĸǳأͲܵˡ
ĺӣһ׮׮һ¶һ𣬿ô찡
......
ڶ糿ͬѧһˢɩҲ緹
һ˸һּԣƽƽһ֣˶ĬֻСĽʳ
ǽ˳Ĭ裬ҺСȥһˣԷʱͻ
ͳƱݸ𣺡ɩ⣬һ
һţֿһӣȥӣͰƱǰЦҪ˳Էܵñ⡣
ſڣϴϱŰɡŸҰƱ
ƽƽճ˿Ű࣬ϻһ裡ùãҪӣ
УǾӡְߵİĨСƽͷ
ͷֻԼǰˮ࣬ҪöܵҪһ˰סһ𣬿ɿһˣȫ첻һҹԼһҹ㲵úҴܡ
ǽӿۣԼĹκͷȥˮѺӹθɾȻǰȥԣġİɣдڡ
ĸΪ˸СӵǸصظ˸ɰԡ
ɰ̨ףŵлԼ裬һ˫ӰѼ嵰룬һСãһֶƽƽ
һгԹ緹ʹŽˡ
߳Ͳ¥Ƶӣ˪Ƶģûʱȥοʱ̫ˣʱܹ˼顣
С磬Ҹдֵĵطȥ´ı档ڽгͷ·
гúоԼ˫Ŵûβ˵ȥѧУɣѧУᣬסеӣҲûʲôȥ
ãȥǶѽϻҪһȥ´ء
ųרǸȥˡ
˺ſڣѳͣ¥ãһεĴڴڳԿףýȥ
С磬ƽʱ˯𣿡źᣬһ˵䣬ľ崲һŴӣǽиܣϷ飬н鼮ҲвұΪݵ鼮̾԰ЩѧУ治
ʳָŵߣꡱһС㣬ҲǲŶŵġ˵תŸ
Ҿʱʱһˣû˼ס˼ѧУᡣ
Եǲģԭܶͬѧϵã˼Ҳʱʱ䴲˯Ҳ˼רŴһ޶ÿ˯λսƵģܣȣʱ͸ɴһ˯ϡ
ý¸ַıó㿴ˣ
ˣдúÆ£úһԲʰ£ŵӡ
£Ƿݡʯͷ͵ţͶţܽᱨ桷ʱǰɰˣӲʲô󰸣Ҳˡ
ڵǣ˺ͷļǴӡģָСطı¼϶ֳдģҪݴ浵ҪøдֽţµּرģдǷļΣȫд˵Ļ
ڳ¸ַּڽдֱ㣬ôϳҲܶ
ݱһ飬ֽһǸ蹦̵ºͱģд߰ҳֽмòд˺Ͱʱ֮ϸڣɥϲддҳüͷŲͷһһֵؿȥȻЦ˳ѹǹҪҸд档
һλдС˵Ƶģ...йִӶԱȫͬ־Ŵż鲹Ĳ£ͷñϴŵ˸ĽЬɽˮղŵʯͷ磬˲ͷĴҵĺˮ͵صˮȣºҳ...
дһ֮߰ҳֽʯͷũæһƬٵķæ󣬻˵һ˽̫ϴߵĹ˵á
ʮҳ֮󣬲дʯͷиţĪˤɽѾǵĵڼ¹ʣƶĸţֻñʯͷ֪ΪΣó¸ַȥһˡ
дˣϸ¼˵˼Ϊ췣үʯͷԱӣùͬ־ץ˳д˵һЩĹִ˵һЩĪеĸЬ¼
ⲻǱ棬ǡʯͷμ¼
ô˸Ƿ¶ĵһЦݣ˵ˣֳֳ̫̫ŲƵġ
Ϊ˽Ĺᣬ↪µģѱ濴֮꣬ӵǣΪܳһ⣬Ѹţɽ£ڵش˼죬ץסص͸ĳȥˡ
βҳͶ͹ͬ־̴ʣĻһ䶼ظò˵ҲǸ˲ˡ
ô򵥵һ¼дʮҳ
棬Цãǳ¸ַ˾Ҳð˸ˣ
ȻֻܻɻǾͿ϶вܻɣһ飬ܿǰˣܵõᣬҪɵĻܶ࣬˵ҲҪܵί۵ľҲ١
һҪýõᣡ
С磬ʲô뷨Ƿݺصı棬
һʣҲˣҾдͺˣдҳֽдá
дӰóˮʺһձӣ緹ǰд𣿡
ԡôҲź˲飬дһµı»еģӹõֽʣְǱùһһÿʼʡ
ߵǰһƾװġӱ


30 
ԽӦ˻һҪȥ, һѾ˷ܺüˡ
ٽ飬һҷԼһҪڴö࣬Ϊǽ, ǶԸԷһ, һԸ, ûһܵĪĹ衣
ԼϵƱǮȫһ, ּ籨زӣʦίͷųͬõذæ˽ļͥ͸˱󣬾ͷˡͬ, ϲĸֹ
һǮƱ, һܵȥҳ¸ַ档
¸ַտ곿ᣬͿͷںڵĴֵڵ
һֳһ߳˸߸ߴͦεĻһңм־޵˼ѹ׳˶, ԽǹĶ顣ҪҪǾĶԱ
¸ַ, һˣǻӳʲô¶ֱЦֵˣԭս, ˼Ӫ, صľˡ
ϧˡǸֳͻһҴк, ЦЦ͹ȥˡ
¸ַһҳȥ̣˳Ҳ˸̣ôˣΪҪʽ¶
׼Ūһ֪Լǳתһ, Ҫ˼, иõóֵĶ, 㹤ҵƱ
¶...¸ַ룬ԼϻжƱڲ˵жҸҶ١
ɣлл೤ˡһҲ³һȦȻصӣҾ͸Ļ
ʲôʱӣ¸ַ󣬲˵Щϸ֦ĩڣͬǴ֤ˣ
ͬˡһҰѸȵĵ籨ó¸ַ濴ʱţպĻ𳵡
¸ַЦ򣺡Сӣȥ֮ǰɵð
һһҴӦ
......
֪һѾʼ׼ײˣ㽭ںд档
ʱ򣬽ǿѱд꣬˿óŵļűֽƪ£ָĳһλ˵һγȥΪͷַһƪθһ仰Ϊβ
Ժı涼ͷβҪϯãҪǵӵ񡣡֪ʱдص㶼ײõڻ
ɻ󣺡Сѧ֪ҪͷβسǰСҲûôѽ
磬ν̵ġԲסΣ㱳ˡ
һΣƲ죬ԭǸСýһЩа
ԴϻεĸҪ֮󣬽ͶһҶ
óһľͷѽıһһεظдǿ壬дԲɾ䣬Ƚбöˡ
ֱСסˣҲڹѧģ
ǰСдŤˣģҪĿ࿴ˣ
û뵽ɣ̵Ķͦ࣡ͷָָֽ̧ϵķ壬Ժû¾Щддܸӡһ
ţýݡһ
ֻ˵Ҳͻд壬ǹϻƽǵġ
һӻñʿʼͱүү̾ţʮʺӲ֣ŷԶдᳪ赯٣һ㣬Ҳһֺõóˡ
Сã...ںòϣԼȷʵ
û˸ⶼǹ֮ѧġС磬ԺйˣҸһҪץסᣬúñ֣
˹裬Щ໹ֽܱ˼룬Сѧϰѹȡ֣ͱɣùںڻݣ˶ĵطȥӺӾͶߣ
ٿһǷݱ棬˿ʱ䣺߰ɣȻؼҳԷ
ö˰ѶʰãٰѺϣﳵؼˡ
ΪСӣĸ⣬һһؼеǽеĴ콭ܵˡ
ĸĵͷýȣ裬ԼҲԡ
ٷûǶƣһ˵˵ЦЦسȥ˭ҲûϽһҳԷ顣
ԹϴʱͷͻȻһף䣬̫˲䱻һƬڵôЩӣҪ
Ͳ¥ھӶſ֣ү³ɣȵҹﶼ˯á
ɵ˺һӣǳٳû£ɢȥּ̫Ƭصÿһ䡣
ı滹û壬˯ˣŽȥ᣺С磬죡һҪʪˣߣ
ʮųСʱ͵ר˴æڣͷ̫ɵգȵҪһûһļ
ײ꣡ĨһͷϵĺովҵгȺֱ˸ˮ̳һ
Ͻһ鱨棬泭дҪд֣ȥ´翴ý³д档
ſ϶д˸¼ģһЩдķдһҳֽ⡣
ָʱÿ¶Ҫдܽᱨ棬ɵʱҪֿҪȵҪдܽᣬıѲ
ñ棬ѽдҳֽùͶأǹ̵
ּ齭ı棬ȦһЩͨ˳䣬һЩŸɫʵĻ⼸ҪģܽᣬҪʵ˵ñ˵ԭΪΪۡ
һ̣ƺһһЩѵȤҲ±¶ԼվҪˣ㽭ɻҲøĶ
˦֣⼸д֣дĶ࣬СҪϸ
дĶǶԵģֻüģѹɻ
öæţȻͷһֺͺѣվɵͷд֣ɻؿһſڡ
۵
űƿˣеȣӥǵĺϻһִصҲ⣺ӣСã
ϵֽͺк֪ʱڻվڵϣѽġ
֦ģͷóһ֦ŵǰñֽһݣûȥ˳ԡ
űʣСд֣ȥĶˣ
ôʲôģƺ鲻̫ãͷŪı棬Ҳ뵱Ӱ
ڴϣһ˫Ϸʽ
ԹԳԼĶ
һ֦û뵽вСǣҲܳԵȴˮϧˣ磬֦żˣ
ӴǣСͻ԰
ڽͨʡũƷ䣬ѳԵʵȴˮеһ͹˺ܶ࣬ܶ๩̵궼ЩöСδسԹ֦
ͦа취һǸӥǣǸ۲Ƶıӣ̬Щʢˡ
ոͷôô³һ֦ˣþɱֽţָҲһ
ɫЩм˭ѧУչ¯Ķǿ£ڸίε£ƹ˵ǮиǳȥȾƳԷ
ҲԼĵУΪ......ܸͬԷˡƲģţ͸ңҺȾƣװĶţ࣡
кŵ£Ȼһɵӣ˵ȴǸ˾Ĺٶʵһ֣ĸί飬үү̶ϸͷ磬ڵְǸòٺĶ
ǺӣСүүĳ谮󣬺еүƢǿ׳쿪ϵ˾һֱһ棬ϵ˶Ľ
ǿ̧ͷͣеıʣզôأ
㲻ӴϳһľӣڽԱߣһ֦ԣϻҽ¶ǵˣ
ϵ֦ǣĻе߶Ȼˣ촽һӣѽͺһ
Сãôˣ±ʣ۾
С磬㻹ǵϻعش޵¶𣿡ҧгݣǿвҽƱѾаˣƼһֱһڳﶼԲʳ
Ҳŭգվȥ
Ǻһζı飬ѼĽס£֪ĻΪҽǼأôĸ
ǿǲǣ°ͣһթͿ˳ˡ
úЦ⽭úþͺʳͻڻѣû뵽СҲôĳ˵Сã˵˵취
Ͱ֪鶼˵һ飬ϵıûƺãޡ
ЦһգҪϷӣţҽ𣡡
˵ʹЬҪߣסҪȥĶȥ˴ܣ
˭ûͷܣҪȥôǿ緳ˣ֡
úõĽӣѻڸˡҸ㣬дˣǸίεֶЦţǾǸݰȾֵϷŮͬ־һףȫдġ
εϣǾֲֳܰ˿Ҹ׳ɻ¶ҪˣҲҪβˣ֪ɣ
һЩ˵꣬ҲͷõĽкžˡ


31 
Ļ, Խ˵ǿŲʱס
ãʮְ, ʲôǮ, ѳԵʺһ, ڹ˼, ͬһŰֽߺֻҶһ㣬
С磬ɢע, ѱ泭˵, ų´аš
վȦ룬ʱ˵ȷʵЩĻһһ, ȫţǶ, ֱëˣ㳭á
һŰֽ˷棬дϱƺ, βҳд˹ִ, ֱǼ幤, ͻ˽ǩ֡
Ž渵־òʶǰС, һģһ, ǾⲻϤСá
...ϳ´ƻ...һ, Ͱ21ͳĴʻ˵˳
ʲôԣȻˡ
...ǳ´һЩľ͸˱˫ֳ˳䣬·뿪ԽԽˣʲôʹʲôҪѣҪҡڣǫѷҪ֪ǹֵĴӳҪ¶һһ׼ûбҪѡ
һۣԽĻ˸ʮʮСþẦСãǹ̵Ķࡣ
װһָģһԣһЩش˺üأһСͷðҪõһݹ治ף
ˡд˱ܽҪֽݸ߰˳ɣϳ´Ҫ㣬ͰԼȥش𡣡
ʱһͷ󣬻Ҫᣡ
Ҫǵõݹ֮ͻԼ᷽ܽˡʵЩģ¶ӳ˵ڻΨһѡˣǴڱġ
ˣʵڲоȥһϼҴ꣬ٺ߿¡
ĲˣѧУӣĵˣͷֱ̫ס¡¡ףǲ꣬ͬ治ͣɢҪ˿ؼ䡣
С磬߰ɣȻؼңѶ롣ʰϵֽţ죬һ꣬ÿȥдһһңȥͲ¥Է
ȥ·ϣгʽôʶģ
ҲǺ㽲𣿡ﻹСøдҪ㣬ģеزų̤Χһ·ź䣬֮󣬰ؼңʶġ
Ƭ̣ʣ˵ôԸǿ
Ķ֪ƾҼֵܰͷһٰɣ죬Сϴ˼·ոձĶˣ
Ҳû취ͬҽ͹ҲӣѱǺбһǿּɣǿԣһ
⼸գ鶼һˣе಻ͽǣһһɣ
ȥдһһҡ
öдֵĵطͣ£ϼҪ׹µĴƬƣýȻȥҪˣСȻؼңĶҲȥԹٳš
űҳֽҲûдﳵȻˡ
ɾɵĽֵߵ÷ɿ죬£̣ξʹһϺͷϣֱۣڽϵ˶Уò˸ܶꡣ
꣬˰һңСԡ
ͬ־һҲȷڶ溰һ䡣
ĨԼϺͷϵˮ϶մʪˣɫƤϣܵñɢңеǱȻ˽̧ͷ濴һۣˮУͼһӣ£űҪǱ֣ϵЦ˾ⳡͻҲûô˷ˡ
ӦһҾűֽͷߣһ
Ավվóλã̧ͷЦء
֪һҰѱֽͷƹȥ˼˼ص˼ֽ꣬źܿˡ
Ц˳ˣ̫ˡ
һֻڨڨѱֽ£Ϻͷ϶ˮ·Ӷʪˣ۾ҲʪģŽӳЦ
¡ϵͻȻ˸ףһ绮Ҫնƣʶһ߿һ㣬һҼ£վһȥ˵¡
šͷеߣᳶ°һ¡
׵ԽԽһȻСˣв˳СĿ϶ÿؼһ·ϴˮ裬Ȼ췢纮ɲܡ
ȥдɡһҿűϸΣͷһ
ͷҺдýܼ͵ˡ
¥·Ա۹УǼԼͼסַŻһд¥
̤¥ݵʱ򣬻Ա޵ͬ־Ůͬ־һ䷿ɵðŴ򿪣Ҳи·
һ죬һҲòȥɫں졣
Ƚ˻һҵķ䣬һֻðѷŴ򿪣˼ɾ·Ȳͷðˡ
ѱӴɢһľ·ͷǸ򿪵ķţôô죬־úЦЦ˳ҼԸҰɣ
һëͷģ𣿡е㼱Ҳе˷ܡ
ЩԵġһҲ˲ϲˮˣëαϣӴϳӣ㸸׺Ⱦһƿս͵ĺþƣùȥ
ŴߵǴ˵жǼٵģЩţȥõģһĵģǾ͹ˡ
ʲôУҵĸĸǺܺõˡͷɣڴأŻһңᡣ
һҴŶ䣬Щƿƿ޹޶˳װһְƿݲľóϸøͿĻҳ᲻úȣ˻ǿԵġ
˻öҼĳ񾭣һ۵üͷһ¡
æվ£ұֱ¶һĺҩˮ϶ǵǣ𣿡
һ£ᶯ˶֣е㡣Ҫõġ
·ˣҿͷһƿҩˮƺͿ˵ġ
һ͵ؿ⣬ôУϾˣŵվҲҲǡ
ҲӦ⻰ڿҲ̫ˣȵģͷ껹£䣬ֱˣȴ˵ſţʲôһŮͬ־ռˣ
һ֣ǲǣƤʵõÿ죬ÿˡ
ͷ۾ڳģһҲ˵һұúм֮£սսذˣͿһ¡
ۡЦˣأ㻹շ𣿡
ա̿һٶҲա
һҹϰȻЩŤϣһͷ
ùոǼ·󱳵ĺˮɾϸ۲Ҽˣô죬ǺںģѪûɢȥһֱֲҩźõ
ҰҩѴͷƿҩˮù
һŵͷڲӣսܰæһ˴ʱֻܿԼǴǰûʱҲûҪչ߸˿ڣһһежڽ顣
ҪˣʹĻ֨һﵹ˵ŨζҩˮѪɢȻԺ²
ȻһһӦԱ־͸˵ļתȦһȫһвϸܵļƤֻС֣һϸ壬ʱ޼䡣
⻮һ磬һ죬ˮžžյڵµƤϣܳܰ÷·ҩˮζ˵֮УһżϵʹʹֻԼĺ
ˣְ׳ʵļϣҲû˵
ΣСˣòˣֻͣϣϢЩҩĦҲˣͿһذɣ
һʼûлͷ𣬰ѴԼϵֻС£סֲڴӵָظϽֱĴָĦţڳ
ͷкķȣ֪һҪʲô
һڻعͷ̧΢۾пд󣬡ȥ֤òã
䡱һ죬ͷ껹¸ͣ¥зԱ̤¥ϻζԿ׵ضģȴСޱȰ
˺ɽˮԷߣ۾£һҰֳøˣȥᣬִʣòã
áһͳʣڻһҶͬڴߵˮš
л˵
ĩһ£ӭĶ


32 
ؼҵʱ, ͷѾС࣬һ¥µķԱ˸ĥ˱ߵԲңʱĺڲɡǽ, ˶᲻ýȥ
һҰԲҴԲԲĽͷ, ôôɰ, ¶һǳЦ
Цɵ, ԼҲ̲סǣ־ԼҲɵܳ𣿽
ܳһЩһѾ£ϴ軻·͹ȥ
ãڼҵ㡣֡
ȥ·, ŵǵˮ, ֪ôЩᣬӴԺ󣬾Ҫˡ
˼, ֳδ°Ľʹ罭ӣ˶ڡ
ÿ, ûܵ꣬ڷ䱳飬СûҲûк, ų̶ȿɼһߡ
ʱѾȫͣ, ɢ, ̫͸һ⣬ﶼζľɢζ, , һµɢȥ, ˲١
ĸʪ·Ͻȥϴְӣǧˡ
ڽĸͷ裬롣ûһҲһ롣
ȥϴˮ軻·ĸɲܶȻܵģ֪𣿡
·ȥˮϴһϴ
˽Ʊг˺ģЩĲɣСӴʲô˺Ų졣
㣬˼ΣǷڹϣΪú¯ӲھӽһˣʣЩϣͰⶼгϸ˷ݽ±⡣
ʱ򣬽ͽӵˡ
ƽƽſˮſſڶŹùˣÿӴ˴õ㣬øС飬õϸԣƽƽϴ֣ǰеͣ۾ﶼǻ⣺ùãԺҪԣ
ƽͷЦû𻰣Ժˡ
Χȹվſ¥ȥһҾڲԶһȺ°ĹУ߸ߵĸӣͻѣϻ
һ̧ͷͲ¥濴֣Цӿ˽Ų¥
ͼ˵һ裬ɩһҪˣѲ˶ϰɡ
˶ʱϲˣĬæţҲȥϴϴ
ȥ¥ݿڵȻһңһ̨׵ĵطͣ£ѵƽӣһͷӣӶóѺɣţվһġ
һǿҹһ·ľͶˣͳſڣ߰ɡ
ݵʱԾһ£ѽ
ĸϵıûкܸˣҲûкܲˣ͸кͨһк
һҽӣŵʱһͷվӹϵĶüһ˿湻ߵģԼ̲סڽţŵߡ
ӪɡӰѶźãͽһ𣬰ѳʰ¡
һҿ˿߹ȥ¡
һһĸ֣˼ҾߣǼһվԵӵ˸ߴĻһң͸ˡ
һҰƿó˫ֵݸͬ־˵ƽڼҰȵСƣս͵ģôҲ
еϻۣһ۾ϳƿϵͼ꣬þư
ôֻ꣬ڳ칦ϺȹһСƽʱ᲻ҲȲţΰ̲ס¶Ц⣺Ӫˡ
󲮺ӽСͺáһҺգֱ
ĸһͷӣһƿƾˣ
ƽճ㣬߻еͣһ˫Բ۾ǰ˰ˣϣͷ壬˭
һҼмƵСֶ֪ӣе㰮ݼڵĺøУջԽһ塣
壬ߣҶ廹ߣƽƽԲžϲһҶԽЦЦ㶵ƽ˸ֽŵС
ӺæܾеĲеģӪҲ̫ˡ
ɨһ۽˵ı飬ȰɩŰɣһμ棬ָòͷ
Ž̶ӽӹлл塣
ĸһֱûôǻ˵Ҳе㷢ë裬ȳԷɣóȥ
˵Ǵȥ¸ַ顣
԰ɳ԰ɡĸ㿪ڣӪȻˣͱˡ
ӣСͺáһҶͷ߳
ĸֿһңŴЦ˵
Ϊ˽ʡʳƽ϶Եϡϡ͵㶹һ󣬽һҵһţĸշʱҲ֪ʲôɴһʵʵڵ׷ÿİ׶ðԵñȹ껹á
һҾн˽⣺ģ㳢òóԡ
һҿǰһͰ׷׽˶ûзǽڰųӣóԡ˵ߴڳԷתͷһۣЦеġ
ڶƼһҿһʱЩΪʲôСԸȥˡ
һֱͷԷĸ˿㣬ͷǼ꣬ŸȢϱŮ칤¶Ѽ͵òˣǮƱѶˣһڲųʲô⡣
ٷҲףҪǻһҵİæƽͷС֪Ҫ˵ϢҿӣҪסŮˡ
ĸ̾˿ƱǿòͷŮԺҪŮɫŵΣС⣬زվ飬ЩǺ֪ԲԵùߣ
һҵֱˣһڷϰȥסллӣԵùߡ
ĸ˿ڣһɳŵһҲȥؽģҲ˺˵ĸ飬ֻЦŽĸĸƲͷȥҲв˳ԣŻе
Թӽֵܰպãȥϴ룬ºȲˮ
ڻһҵԱߣƻָҳԣȥѽĸ簾Ľóȥ
ĸ⻹ʲô׵ģǰԺ鲨ûôϸĹöˡ
Сﻹʲôˣĸȿ˿ڡ
һҺһ뽪˶ӣҼڣһһ㣬Ƕϼҡ磬ֶֶŮһŮ
ͦ࣬ݲٰɣĸе㵣ģһ࣬ҪӦҲࡣ
һƺ֪ĸĵǣҳפأȥʵϣ궼ѵûȥһΡ
ĸΪģ뵽һȥɾԶԶıʣפأɽ𣿶ô
...פһҲܻش½ҲӷģɽˮͨˣǼŻǷ籨ܷ㡣
ѩڼҿջ𣬲žͲ䡣һֿ£ͣҵʱѲ𶼴ãڼ￾Ҫʲôҳȥ򡣡
֪ˡ
˵ӣĸе̣֪û覴ãΪӪҲҪĲǡ
ǡһְźڰóݸĸŮ꣬СǶӣꡣ
̬Ⱥܴ󷽣ûκζܵ˼ĸȴĪˣܵΣͦá
ĸƬֿϽͱʾ⣬ˣְƬ˻һҡ
ȡƿջСӪ𣬷ֵʲôӣҲ𣿡
פصطӪϼֵܷһӸҷֵһķӣſھˮȥˮһǶľɷӣƻһźסˡ
ĸһȷʵʲôӣϵıҲźֲ޵ǣСҰѻ˵ǰͷˡҽ˵ҪӱȽϼѣ㿴...ԺҪҪ༸Ͼһ˭ϣӶ
Ҳһôش
ӲõģȵҪˣǾһסҵԺһҵαڣҪӸϡ
ҪҪ£Ҷͬ־ģҪǾһȥ׶ĴҽԺ
һͷЩ˵˳̵˼Ϊýĸģ˵˳ĳųķΪǰЩսңأмѣʱְ޶˾ȥ׶ĴҽԺҽɩӿʮӵ¶
⻰Ͱѽĸ¸ˣûһһȥĸҽԺĸҽ
һҵĻýĬһ£Ŀǰ̫ҪӣǸ۵ˣһӾ;˽Կ࣬ʵûҪ
ǽԴϽĸĻ裬Ҫˣǵóˡ
ȥ¸ַһˡ
ĸֹס⣬Ҳͷ⣬»˵ҪСӵ¸ˡ
л˵
ףĩ졣


33 
ӽҳ, һҲ˲ͷĺʪˣ̫, ȶԸ˻š
һЦ˵Ұ趼Ǻܺõˡ
һҰ쵽, ·, ¹ķ, ¹껹ôȣ˽ĻȥıӣֻЦû˵
ںͷ, ûû, ԼֱǶġ
¥ʱȶӴתڸԽ˵С, Һ¡оƺֻҪ̤ȥ͵Լδʮʱ, ɵ¡
ʲôվסһԸ´ʲôʹʲôһվһԣſڽ˵Ļ, ´е, ˵ʱ, ǵʱʱ̧̧ӡ
һҶ⣬һ¾Ļ, ЦЦһ, Խ˵ȥ, ӺɷҪá
ҧСúͻһһۣҪ׳һһ˳ǰͷ
˳¸ַңֻǷڼңӸż¥ӷȥˡ
ºȹ˲ˮӰǷݾɱͽдıݸ¸ַ档
¸ַٷ˽ı棬ܼ࣬ûзϻ˵ֲָָ֣дİɣָָСԺö֣дöЩ
ЦСһۡ
۹۱ǣǹģκˡ
¸ַýݣͷˮ۸һġ
Ȼ룬С˵ġԡɡ
ʵ¸ַҲûʲô˵ճϢ۲һǷѣǳʵţģԵµҲϤеˡ
ˣûд⣬ԺۻȰƹȥɣžֳڼңֵÿ졣
˴ӷ󣬳¸ַûСͷȥʯڲڼҡ
ʯ־ǹֵһ֣סڼ¥һС¥žܿе˵İܶ¡
СͷװģһȦ£Ȼпˡ
¸ַ룬ͻһ˵һȥʯڶӪö꣬Ƭطи飬μӹսһЩ߾ͻȥźȼ¶ɵĿԱȽϴ󡣡
һҵͷС
˴СʱСֳȥһȦС˵ҸտʯּĿ˳ȥˣǰοƳǸܹܵǸ
¸ַһվߣϽȥ˵Ȼỹ
˰¾õȴʱü룬ʱƣõϡ
ǳ¸ַ桢һҺͽ˴Ҵ¥ֳܾҵС¥ȥ
¸ַʱ˳ְѻһ͵ƿƴϣһҼ˹ⲻȥ೤ǸģҪʯͷ...
ʲôʱ˻˵Щ¸ֵַô꣬ƽЩʲô
ʯǸþֳһֱľˣǳɵˣ񡣿ɱϾҪţǲÿȥ˵Ѿһңȥס׶˸簡
һԿ첽ǵĲ㲻ƿôҲŸ
ͷ˺һʯֲ˽¸ַһרŸֳ鹤ͽҲڣˣ
¸ַ滻һЦѻһҺͽʯֳһ飬˵ԼƼһˣ˵ǡʸڣҲպÿСǲдϡ
ʨڡʯֳ۳¸ַ棬ЦôӶﻹỤ̋Сӣõɡ
ʯͬˣ¸ַŰѽдıݸ飬˹ĵ˷ϵ۾ӹǷݱ棬ܿ쿴꣺ܼ࣬Եˡ
ͻһҶ˿
ֿʼʽһЩдܽ⣬Һýѵһİ͵ģһһģСĴ⣬Լ˵һ㡣
˶Դ˰죬һ䣬˾Ӫ¡
ʯֳԻһҺȤһ⸱ֳ˵һսѣλͬ־ɣ
ǡ¸ַһЦʲôֳĻۡ
㰡㣬졣ʯֳЦͬһշ𣬿ȥʻһң˭µı
һҿʯֳ˫ƺ޻Цۣѹѹ¿ڰ׳һ͵ĸ˵˳
ʯֳһ£˫һ˲һźۼľ⣬ܿˣϵƨԾշӣǰ;ˣڲӺúøɣ
ͷմһ⣬ʯ־Ͱˣ飺ôСӻ𣿡
ַ˷۾ͷлû飬Ҫ
ʯֳһֵ˸̣³¸ַżЦ濴ۻһңô˵Сͬ־Сͬ־ӣ
һҾ͵ͷǡ
Уͳ¶ӳȵﱨʯֳ˸ȦǿŻһңٳһ̣תȥ¸ַ棬¶ӳƼˣɵúúôˡ
¸ַһĴȣĴָʯ˵ָ·ƣСͬ־뷢ԼĹȣ޻ᣬҪʯоͬ־ṩ̨
ţллʯֵЯ¸ַѽʯ־Ϲ
ʯЦñͷʶˣԼ컬ģСͬ־̧ý¡
ʱźʯֳ˫۶ϣʯ˵Ȼʱ࣬ﱨ˾ͺúøɣ±ֻǰӻܳ
ϯ˵ˣվ˵ġʯϵ˵̻ңƽ׽˵ӡ
֪˵ʲôãվʵʵؾ˸ллʯֳһúøɵģ
ʯֿŻһҴƿƣ˵УСͬ־ȥȻˡָָ¸ַ桢һҺ˵Сϱڡ
¸ַͳ֣˵㵽ſڣҴȥ¿ƣ˯˰Ȼȥɣ
ģģӻ߳ʯֳļţ¥·һ㶵Ȧ˫ŷ̤¥ݣǽ˳¸ַҵţҲҴһ¡
Сͽڼ˻ţſڿȥûء
ҡֱۣС磬ôʯֳ𣿡
ѽСôˣϳºһأСҲ棬һµĽѵûɣĹͷˣ
´ͻӪʯֳȾơ˼ʲôŴʲô˾ǲ˵ص㡣
¶أСͽ׷ʡ
㶵ģ۾ֱֱģǰһеСãʯֳó´ȥ
Сͽһ£ȻֲЦˣ
ͷھ·̽˸ͷСʲôϲô˰
СһЦݣһݣ˶˫̥СӣҸˣϼ˵ҪԾϯ
ھ̽ͷ̽Եģ¶
ǣҿնȥСھߣ˿ͷûˣ˳ְŹˡ
˷ܾѹСɩӣ
ã¶õ֤ͱţ˭Ҳ֪˭к۲Сɤѹͣʱڣ¥ҲڶԽǾĶذ¶ˡ
С´粻ǿЦģǧٵСһ࣬Խ׻׻룬ϻؾиˣΪ¶һȥдһĪٱλþͱ˶ˣ޶ûضȥ
ҲѹˣɵɩӾ˸ллɩӽ̵
СÿֱۣɵСӣϹʲô𳶽̵̵ѧ¸ַ죬ͦá
ȻСֶԽ˵ãɩӲǣȻȥǴ¶Ҳͼ˵һǵ˯㵽ԸԼȵš˿ʯסС¥ʯ־ãûôɢһǼ˯İɡ
ͽվһɩӵ֣ãȻȥҲڵǡɩӺͻһ˵һҪңȥ硣
ãҹڣСĿ·ССİ˳ȥԼҲؼˡ


34 
ͽŴɩֵͲ, һ⣬ȥö϶ɵЦ
ȵͲ¥һ·, ͣ, ѵͲص, ǲţС, ȥ𣿡
Ҳ˺ôһʯͷģǧٵˣ
ΧǸ·ƸẠ̇ǻȥ߰裡
ߣҲ뵽ɩӵĻ˵, , ȶһˣʣͷ˵
伤ȴҲҴ, ɩӵĻǺеģֻһɿ, ·Ӿ˻ࡣ
С磬ȥϰ࣬һҪһ֮, Էı, Ͳױ滻, Ҫǵö飬ǰѸеĿαҳ, ֱ, δ˻漰, жɱǧٹֵİӦ֪ʶùĻڽ߻˸пα
СõĻѹʱʹΪֻҪСøҳֽ͹ˣôϸڰ
ƽʱ˵£۲ϼθദͬθϼ㱨Ｔ¡Ҳ½Ļɣƺ͵úͻһˣǳ´ȥˣ´˭ߵý͸ţԺǺԸˣ㶼ܴ˲Ҫվӣվ˾Ҫ硣
룬Ǽ˵һЩԼòϵʰ裬ɩӵĻȥФӺФҵĴ㡣
ΪʲôҪФӣʣӦҪͰ˵Ŷԡ
˶˵ФǸˡ
Ҹĸʮֺõˣָϸ۵˼ȥо˰ɡ
˼̫Сõ˼СõĶһ͵Ĵ㣺СãҸоԼչ˵ĵܵܡ
̾һ޲һϰְȫڸ˵ĵطнֵλԼȥֻϣ˳˳İɣ
˵ʲôɵҵõĵ㣬ż˵𣿡ѻ⳶
С磬ҰѹĹתɩӣ𣿡Ĺ仧ڣʽʣͱӣ˵ȹֵҪࡣ
ʵЩ벻׵ģǸ˼ƽϵˣҡͷҲСô˵
Ĺ˵ǽӴ˿͡¼̵㣬һ£ɣּˡˣǼҳ̣ɷӣ22꣬ʵûбҪĻ
⣬ɩô꣬ѾС࣬ĳѧҲĹʺ
ֵĹúʣȥˣһȫһҰС磬˵Ҫ˶ؼˣô죬˵ˡ
СõĻ˵Ѫ޲ΧܼȦͷͷš
ʵҲ֪Ҫÿ˶ȥÿ˶룬ù˴ʧ˲ǼͥܵĻ
֪СáȥСõͷȶΪǲġ
صͲ¥ĸʹɩ˯ȫǸĿƽƽƤӱ𣬷ŵȥˡ
ȥ˲Ƚݡ
ĸˣǵ齹ôˣ
ЦС˵ĺ£˵
ĸֻ£ӣ۰ͰͶſڣһ˦ϵˮˣСãĸ˶һŶѽһ£裬ôˣ
⺢ӣ뼱ңĸվֱۣôˣ
ˡҪֵȥˡ
Ҳˣʡ
¼˹ּھӣȥŸˣʾСЩں͹ˣ͹ϵû취Сܺͳ¶ӳȥˡ
ԤеĿϲȴûбһοĸϲɩҲˣֻվת£˶š
Сܣ˫ЬЬȥϰ࣡Ӵ˫֣Щת
𵹻ƽҲһҪףɤСܣɩ⣡
మһӣɩӵĻ˵ˣٴѲܸߵС繤ȶˣź˵ƽʱø͸
ˣɩӣҾȥΣ˵ѹתø¶Թ緹һˣһȥǵôĻڲס֤
ĻͰˣ˻ȥܻᣬǸոյȸԾͻԾˡ
סû뵽СҪѹתŹźɷٴ
СãôУؿڶһЩ֪룬ȥ˿ķӦ
裬Ҳڰɣ֪ĹǽĸȥģҲлȨ
ĸ𾾽һģ·Ҫһо
ǽ˿ڣ¶˾ҪС𣿡
ͷԼЩ̡
ĸϾͳ˭Ҳٶིһ֡
Ĭ˺ܾãúܵ͵˵ϴȥϱ֤óȥȥһ˰ɡתǴ£Ҳ٣ȥ
...Ҳʣ˶õĹᣬС뿪ķʽõˣ裬ҰԭλǮȫó
ðɡٰʮ飬ҲСǮ˽
ߣ𡰼Һˡ仰˶ͨˣһԽĺ˼ңˣɩ𼱣ҰѹתҲΪǮТͺãøҡ
㿴СҲû·ʵʲô͸Ѱɡ󽭻Ҳܴܵȥ͵·
Ͼ͵ͷӦˣãɩӸС·˻˵Ҳ
¶ǼҶ˵ȥˣź˵Сʻ괬ֆһ顣
Ҳ֪׷׵ͷʱ࣬ΧϨ˵ƣ˵Ҫ̴ˡ
վҪߣ첻֪ȥĸͬѧ㣬ϧûᣬʽ࣬Ҳֲ
ĸ£϶ڼҴ̣һ˵˵˵ϴϵŵϯóڵϡ
ûصǱɫĻڲƵİֽϣɫˮдһϢ
Ժ鲨ʱĻûǨȥ죬ҵǣⱾڲϡ
һ˵ȥ֤˼ȥ֪Ҫͽĸ˵һ֤˵
ٷ˷һŽպһ֤ڽĹ
ˣ֤һ쿴һͷʲô
ĸͷŽ˵һۣһԴһ£ܳȥѽĸ裬ҪҪСܶǧӦ
ΪɶСҲ״ˡ
ĸҲ⣬ոС˵ء
СлȥϰܶͼСĹͼС˰ǽͣοСֲ󣬹Ҳᳫٵȼ¡
ϣܿѧԼ֮ڴѧ̸ŮѣʱѡͲһˡ
Ф˵öԣһͥҪϣܵһѡ
Ҳ֪ԼΪһֻҪΧڣܵþŬĽƳȥǻĽ
죬Ķ㽲ˡĸΣҸʲôɩӣ
СϲСԱߣֳͷһۣҿɩ־ͺܺá
ͷЦС˵
ϴţӲϯϣͷʲô붼ûϻ˵ͻȻðһҸʡǵĹĹÿ־񡣡
ʡʵ̫кøˣ
㿴С⡣裬ͱˡŽĸֱһʼԽŲ裬СŮĽ̬뽭ܣѾ
˹Щ˯ţһЦľ͸ˣоýڵ
ùĸϵȷ磬ϵÿһӶ͸¶һ׵ĴȰˣȰѹסˣöˡ
̶ֽӼҪҪҪִ˿Ҳ£ܲڻ¡
˵˴ϣǽӳѣ裬С˯ɣɲ͵ˡ
ĸϽƣ˯˯ǳ¶ӳİ˵öԣܳٵˡ
ڴϵʱﶼвһζ
ĸֿСӵ¶ˣСŮȴҪ뿪ǵôԶĵطȥôͲǵҸִſɬأ
л˵
ǣ˼˺ܾãƪĺͰü裬еϵɹϵֲǺܴԽ͸֡
ĳˣػ֮ͨ
ҴĶĲ㣬½⡣


35 
һ˳Թ緹, ź֮ļֻװƽһĿͽͽȥ
г, װһЩ֤, ֵķȥ
öſ˸۵ĵطȳ¸ַ档
ʱĵλ칫, ϶ƽ, һҲдӵʱսɵϷӣǺܺʽĵλԾռһžƽſǿ׵׺ֵҲϳط
Žϰ𽥶ĻС, ǸЦ, עŵ״Сѷ¶Ҫ
İɣжϧ, ֲǲ֪Ҫ鷳, ҶǡûһίḱεĴ󲮣ȷʵüβˡ
룬ùǶҲû, ʵʱҲ÷, ˮڰ, ЦǸӵˣˡ
ʮӺ, ¸ַ, ͽϽӵȥ
¸ַ˽, ļ򣬿лǺ˲١
Ҳ֪һôˣе
ãһҼ˯Թ緹ͻдˣƵȻȥ㡣¸ַ濴۽˵Ҵȥȥϰ࣬İ˽Ұɡ
Улл´硣Ͻ˵лǽȥԼгȥ˹硣
ʱ¸ַͷһ۽ıӰ˵Ļ
ͻһʯֳȾƣʯֳʱʱʻһҲ¸ֲַ֪ʯֳ̽һҵĵףϺ꣬˵ʵʵģ¶ӲǺ˴ҹľơ
˴ȥƿƣʯһʱֿһƿվƣȥʱ򣬻һһźˣ¸ַҲ˺ɫΡ
ʱѾ˯ˣС˯ͷǵˮ˵˻һ̯˸ϯӣڳľ˯һ
ʱ¸ַ滹һЦСı˯СקҪ㣡ֵܾͷ֣
İɣ¸ַҲѧС˵һѹȥСƿ
һˣСػ֣Լ˯Զ˵
ҵΣ¸ַ;ûȤˣڴָ֮ǰĹҵƱóһøһҡ
ʲôøһңСˣѹɤӣ¸ַʲô˼˼ҶӰѹˣҪùҵƱ
ʲôѽ¸ַ治ã²ˣ
˵˵ΪʲôҪùҵƱСҧرأһԱߵȣȵڡ
˵...¸ַҲˣŸµĳ㣬Ѷŵ̺ͻͳ˸̣һռǱ˵Ҫˣҽ㹤ҵƱ㶫
˵ǽѽ˵ʲôòáСҪһһ޶ĹҵƱ˵׳¸ַȥʡǿѧϰһ
Ҫ٣ҿɸ㽲һ֮ǰƱСָͷԼϵǵƱж١
ʮųɣصӣͻĻǡ¸ַЩƣؿڴͷۡ
Сһš˳¸ַһѣʮţ¸ַ棬֪֪ʮţҪ꣡
¸ַ𽥴Ѹ̵ȥ죺С㣡һ
Сؿһһģȥҧ¸ַƣ¸ַʹ˦˦ôϸĲҧ˵ϰߣǹ𣿡
¸ַ棬˵ǲǷ˻һҵ¶ôģСޣŴ¹⿴ǰɷ򣬡Ҹеģ˭ˣ
¸ַݺݵذƨ𣺡֪ʲô͵ҵǵ¶Ӷ鰡ҪŸбҵ֤ҽǺˣҲѹԼ˭
Сһۣҭ˵Ӷڽűߡ
˵Ůˣͷʶ̣  һʯֽԻһҵ̬ȣҲе㲻þȥ̳ȴ̺бˣ˦ְ̺жڵϡ
תҵʱûϣص찾˼ĶԱŵϸйֵĶӳ㿴һң27ѾӪˣӸûתҵ˼һתطٴҲǸɲ¸ַЩ˸С
೤Ҳǿе֪֪ʯֽǺȾƣһ˵仰ǿɷҵӡ
СǿÿȥҲ죬ɷĻȴЩΪȻϳ£תҵҲǻϼңʲôϵ
¸ַͷۣôôת䣺ûϵ͸˵Ժûˣ
СҲͨˣˣ˵ˣôࡣʮƱ
¸ַ£˫ֵԴͷְ۾ϣһ˵ȥüףһȥ㿴㶫Ҳöأһ⡣
СС֪ˣ뵱߶ˣڽҲᣬ߶˼ҡ
Ҳͦ׵ģᣬҪȥ衣Сڳ¸ַԱߣǵȷ磬˫۾ЦôŮء
ʲô¸ַתͷͬ⣬һﲻã˳ǰ;ֺáҪ˵˲Ǹ
ƨ
Сסֿڣںڰз˸ۣ㶮ʲôõиѡ񣬶ѡֵܡһºӶ˱˵衣Ļصҳ극һ˦һĨ̧žߣĻںͷĳԺһ£͵ñָű
οôҲǳˣԹƷһ飬ھҪһߣӳ˱ˣˣ
ƽϣСũ˼룡¸ַ죬㲻˭ң˭ϼͥ
㲻ƽϣ㲻ƽҪʲôӳСѼӲҪ̧ܡ
¸ַ治˵ˣһҾͦãŮ˾ѡˣѪԡǿҳϣҸ硣
ú˵ֻŮ˲ŶŮ˵ĿࡣС˸ۣЩϮҲʲôٵŮˣͼǰ;ͼˣϣֵܣܶõ㡣
¸ַԭۣʱתͷһӵıӰ˯´˼꣬ѾĥëСһִֻһֱֻϣ˺ӺЩ§˵⣬ְ̺Ӵһϣȥֻ֡
ˣ˼ұ¶ԼʲôϵӣŻԼĺã¸ַҲˣ۾һգܿ˾ƺ
......
Žгһ·ȥ¹һ꣬·ϻˮӣĿȺЬӽһЩɫͺɫ㡣
˹ſڣгȥϴֳѽϵӲɾϴ˸˲ϵĺЩ
ţδüȿˮˣǰδе֣ϰ
˺һ飬ü̫߶ˣ
Ѱ£ˮﵹ˱ˮȥŲŴ飺ϰܸɶ
ҲĨǵģǸ㻹ǵԭʱָõķ𣿡
ӡôһ˵ôСӣǵʱԺ鲨飬Ժ鲨ȥΣһС䣬ֻܷһСһС¹
ǰԺ鲨ڣ죬סľС䣬һݼٵʱ򣬷žۣ˾ס
ֻܰһСڣסʵôҲһСˡ
ķӾͽţֵλģʱԽģ˾͵˳
ȥΣû취Ѷȥǰѷӽظ˹磬ֻΪһֱ٣һһ͵ˣǸ˷һֱûȥǩüҪûǩ֣ξûɿڡ
ϻȥʡǽֵҵģҿǰȥʡǳʶĻøˡ̸㿴ҲؼסˣⷿôСְҲò...
飬Ҫ𣿡ˡ
˵Ťһ£˰ɡ
ǹϲѽĹϲӰԺַӣ
𣿽㲻᲻ͬȥǩ˷ɣ
С۾һۣǵģȻϲҲһ졣ֽҸԺ鲨˻ģ㵽ʱ»סӣ㲻Ӳ
һҭĺĺ˵
ˮԱŵӣ̣Ц
ˣǩ־ˣҪĻɵճŵΣ˵кüҲ𣿡ˣҪȥΣ˳˷ǩˡ
Ҹѱˡӽ³һֽС۾Цֻˮʵݸӹʣһӣ־ǩˡ
İɣҺڹӪڽϲƣһ㣡ӹ˷޲ھȥΣ
бһۣ˭ͻһأ
л˵
дһµʱоûְ~


36 
һڳ¸ַ˯һ, ڶ綼оЩľ̫Сֽ, ʩչ
ȶ˾, һ¾ͷ, ǰͷ¸ַֹ˵ʲôû, ɩɤӴ⹤裬תˣɩΪϧĻһںҹշת, ˯úܲ
صд, һĥĥϴκӣһ˳µ·Լ֤óڴ˺һ, ŴЬӳȥҽ
ʱ̫, ɹ˺
ڹкˣһҾͷԶԶţһΧ, 쾡ܲĴ, ɻפغö, еӰԺһ¾̵, ҪҲ, ĹԼȥԿ, ͻȻÿġ
վ˺һͷȥ
Ըǩֺ󣬾ЩҲ֪һҼ
ʱ򣬽۾ˣһǳЦһ£Լû
ˮٺ鶼ںڵĴӣˮףҲӡھӵˣ
ˡһ˵ɰͰ͵ġ
һʱûעԼİϣȥ𣿡
ȥĶˮٶ߹ʡ
һҿû˿ǿĽҲЩھȥ
ϾͰѰϣóгԿףٽ㣬٣Ҫˣ˵һ
ȥĶѽ㣿Իһӡ󲻺ãܾɷģ½Կ첲ߡ
ȥ֤΢֣˹̨
ûˮٺ鷴ӦһҺͽһ˹Ĵš
黹ڷ㶣ˮϵıҲûյȥ
ٽ㣬ս˵ʲôһš
֤ˮٵɤǷ⣬ô죿ǲ̫Ϸˣ
󣿡ֻǵ߸ҽһࡣ
...ǰɣˮٿ飬Ź̨£̿ˮǸʱٶˣ˵øӰ
Ҳ£ǾûӦôҪ֤ˣǲھӵֶ
Ȼ뵽һЩ£ֵôϸͷţһνҿ죬ڶλҿ죡һƺᡣ
ˮٰһۣЩʱ
......
һﳵں档
˸Ի£һԱ߲Զݹȥ
ѳͣãһվһ̫ͬ־飬ںڵĻͷü
Ϊʲô˵úúõģһȴһֱĬԭ
һҵĻó㲻˵ӺɷҪõľ𣿡
ԶһҼ˵
˵ȥǰһƽһңһ᲻ø־룬ǿʱˣǾûкˣ˿Ҫһˡ
˵𣿡ָؿڵһ㣬˵òã
һҸоԼͷ϶Ҫðˣôô׾ͰԼסˣ
һҿ˫Ĵ۾ǰ£Ҳ£
ãߣһסؿڵֻСֻ֣һ¾ͷſˣΧ˾˿˰ָָ㡣
չ¶Цգһң̫ܲ˽ңóľǻͷûϵ߰ɣԺеǻ˽⡣
һҸڽͷ⴩ѣıӣֻˣͻȻеԼѶϣȻˣֺαٷ
Ľ֮ǰǸյʦõƬʦ˸ƣƬëǮСʱƬһëǮ
һҡžһͰǮʦǰ
е⣬ԭʱļѾôƬˡ
ͬ־żʦƵذǮպãȥͷվӣݱ顣
һۣǺɫģǴʽҪ굽ڲͷȥһµʱһǿҵþ⣬ðһ̣ĳǺڰա
һҳʱ̰죬ѳĿӽ⿪Ӿ￴תȥϣһֻǵͷЦʱ뱧ס
ɣʦ¡
һҺͽ£˶һǵһĽգͷˣʦӺڲͷҪ飬Ҫ𣬴ϲ¶˶ЦһЦ
ͻһʱһ㣬¶һڰ
ܿԼЦԼЦóǲ޴
һ˫ȭϥǰֱǰ˵ˣϣǣǣЦþн
ʦָӻһôЦʵھִٱŤɴָˣͬ־Цˣͺɡ
꣡ԣһһ̹Ƭˡ
ͻһҶñ乵ģһЦظĸо
ʦٸһšסʦҲҪСʱƬ
ʦԭܾ˲˷Ǯ
ɼŮͬ־վͬ־ͷͬ־һݵؿʦû˵˺ڲ
ûһţվںͷҲûҪʲôһĶ䣬һַϣͷȥһҲ̧ͷһֱִֻϣ˶ûпȻȻ¶Ц⣬ʦץס˲䣬һܰ˵Ƭ
дӵʱʦһҪõȻòƬˡ
һҰƬĵӷڿڴȵġ
ݵţһ飺೤Ҵкȥѻڰˣȥ֤
ﳵȥ컧ǨĻء
ǰ컧ڵһͷĴ㣬ڲ̨棬ŵؿе֤칫ֵĳ¶ӳк֪սѣǸ٣Աȶһ//֤Ҫԡ
űԼһϢӴڶű
ó֧ˮʣ˾͸
дֵʱ򣬽һдˡġ֡
ϣһҿһ۽ıָָһдˡ
ıùָġҡָָ֣Լġġֱ֣׵ϲ֡
һҾЦˣѱݻȥͷĴ㡣
һϢŮͬ־Ҫְ
𣿡еš
ԣһ룬Ǳߵİ칫ȥѣëǮӳҳŸֵݸָָһСڡ
ˢˢˢˣһȥѣ˿֣дá
ǵĻϣǵðѸֵıҲһţշǲӣҪϸġ
㶣ǣ֪Ҫģ˵һ䣬»ְ
һҺͽҪϲøУ˶Ŵ˵лл
˻ڣһҺͽƬʱ䣬͵ӱȥߡ
ӱߵʱ򣬽ӰͳǵϣϢֱ˽ģȴ1952꣬ƺԵ޹ʱȱ˶˼ʮĹҲ֪ǲǺ顣
𣿡һҿǰͷųʽҪҪһ
룺ãҪ춹ζġ
Żһ߹ȥĿ϶ǱԺ鲨֤ͽ֤óͳһĻ񣬺ɵصˣյĲ࣬Ͱǵҽȥ𽥽ˮУֱٿˡ
λнĹȻѡȥǾȫȥɣȻ֪ΪʲôһҪ뿪ϣȥĵطȥģһᾡĿܲ˵ģҪؽˣټ
һһصʱ򣬼һЩֽңѱݹʲô
ӹҰԭĽ֤֤ˡ
һҳĬĹȥȨá뵽ʲô˵ԺҪõͰʧ
һһʱЩһȴɰİɣʲô¶
˳ԹȥƬʦƬóָźĵƬ˵㿴˵ӡ
һҿһۣôô˳ۣ֮ƬؿڵĿڴϡ
ùһƬԻһ˵һԸ飬ͺǿƬϵЦģһȷʵֹŰӡ
˵һԸģ㻹Ը
ʦͽЦ˳
ȥְɣȻҪ°ˡʦǻӻ֣һûλͬ־ףҸ
ȥֵ֤̬ȵ飬Ǻ£ԱĹϲ˵ͣ佭٣
ӡͺӡ¸źڰ׵Ľϣǩ֣˺ӡӴ˻һҺͽģǹҷɳϵķ޹ϵˡ
л˵
ţǼ顣
ףλҸ


37 
һҺͽ֤֮, һȥӪ˸緹
ȥסһҰⶼƵǰ
֤ףӪ󵨡
һڶﴧŽ֤, Ѿȫ, ½ĴȤøи
, ˰Ҿͻȥ, 㿴ŲҪ˾͵Ҫת¶˵ˡ
һҲͬ⣺źܺá˵೤ɩҲһȥҵĳ
ôʽҲãһȥ
˷, һ, ͸Էֿˡ
һ˳¸ַݹʮŹҵƱһ£ֻҪʮţʣµĸСˡ
ͽֿ, һҾǮƱȥΨһһ̵, ̨˰æ˶컨
ڽסԺʱյս͵Щ, ȫ˳, ˵㺢Ӱʳ, ʱ˳ȥ˸籨, 籨, ȥվĻƱ, æһ硣
ص磬ֻһڣˮٻȥˡ
ѽϵ´һͣˣôͣôֽأ
Ѱ£⻰ЩûĿǵһν飡
ϲĻҲԶἸΡ̧ܡ
ϤĽˣ˵ܳ볳ͽ˵ԣ˵˵£Ķأһֵ
ûİ֮ģ㡣
Ʋ죺ǵİԱɣôãܳطأ
ģȥ֤ˣΧŽת
黹ִͦ˼ģ֪޵һ𣬸бϣֺƳΪĳַ֧ط־ӵˡ
ʳ¯Ľ֤Ǳ챾ǰһȦû֤ɣɶʱȥ죿
ʰԲɣֱһѣ·ȥ
ʵдģֻΪ˫˶࣬ǽĻøĸֵܽȫһԾλַ⣬ɷӵô׽ӳٳٶֵҲӳ٣Һ˵ãƾͲˡ
ȥŬԼλķӣȥܣôôԾ
ҲǣӰԺǱűģ˿ɸˣʲô˶УСֲ鷴ͽˮ٣һ͹ȥˣﶷǿҪ̨д֣¿ˮġ
˽Ҳö˵ʲôȥΣȥŸӣи׶
ϳȥˣŻѴ̽Ϣ
أ˻飬סĶһסͲ¥ȥĶ
˿飬ҲҴˣһȥ
ŶҲͦõ...ʲôʲô˼Ҫ뿪𣿡
ԣҴɩת¶鶼ˣʱܽţҪߡ
鱻Ϣ˵ͷƵĿŽ㣬ڲҵİɣһӾ;ҪģҪȥĶԶ𣿻Ҫã
һһͷֻصĻش
Ѿһӣ֪Ҫáû治֪
ǧǧͷ鷢Լˣ֪ĶʼǰĽýǸգô£ôϵ¾أôԶ
ûô飬һ֮бѸ֤飬˵ҪȥϢ̼ˡ
ֱˮϰ࣬鶼û߳
ٽ㣬˵Ҫ֤ĶȥҪ뿪ˣһˮ٣ϾͰѸոյĻ˳һվͬһߣͬһˡ
ˮҲŵʽǲġ
ֱõһ϶Ĵ𸴣ҲЩʧ£Ҳ̫ˣ
ͻȻؿϷһôҪ뿪أ
죬ƽҲûô񰡣ôʱ̷ˣ
Ҳؿ޳ֲҪˡ˫ָеΡ
˭֪ҪȥĶȥԶزӲᣬеľɩһȥ߾ʮ꣬ز˼ң綼ϵ
ȻҲܣҾͲ᲻𣿡ſڹ̨ϣؿ޳
ˮǿһģȥοǽܴǻдֲԶϵˡ
黹ǿޣĻ
СãҺɩˡӺԹ緹һ硣
յſھͿڿޣ˽һۣ󣬹ԺԼҲҪˣɲ¶ɷͷˣֱͦɷһͷˡ
ļˮٰҴɩˣȥΣٺ˵
Ĺ֤ļŽεİ칫ȥ϶¥ݣſڵһ
˵ɩ϶㷹һҺͳ¶ӳҪȥԷ
ͷãҵȻȥʳƷ꿴ʲô˿򣬶ˡ
֪ŻһҪˡ
ǰӣһ¶ڵ˼ͰѶϱСãֻһΣЩ뵽˵ԳŹ͵͵˰ҹһʱЩӣվһߣĬˡ
ʱİͷ˽
⽲һ飬εһ˫ԷƵ۾ʲôҪ飬Ҫȥ
ԣΣɩҪҵĹתû˼Ǽϡͷ
´ɱ³һ£ȷˣûлͷڹɲôҵġ
⻰ûʲôӦǰˣΪβͬСӰѹתˡ
ȷˣ֤ȫˡϵļȫóݸΡ
Ҳܿ£ϾʹһЩܹһЩˣУλͬ־ҲϽɣͨˡ
ԼóСķϡ
תһ첻ãƵҪʮ죬ȵϢɡζ˵
ɽȲˣΣʲôļҪǩģҽǩ˰ɡҾҪҰ뿪ˡ
ʲôӽ˳죿
Уʲô˼ǶǳϲԣӾҪСʸˡ
ҲŽָ棺һ·Լˡ
ͷε˼Σˣҽһпܵĺ
ذ죬ҲУֻҪϹؾСνһСӽｭȥ˹תļ
ļ¸ǩֶ֣ˣõոµĹ֤ʱоһ
Ӻȳ˰칫ңΰѽˣ죬˵һ䣺ȥɣףԺ˳
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۾ǺģˮҲᡣ
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ǽһ, ôɩȻȥԼվһڡ
ʱ򣬹, ԭǻۻ۹, Ůֽ, Ҫ֡
ֽ, վͷȥ͹˵̫̫ҾҪˣԶĵطȥԺĻˡ
ҲԾҪȥ, ظһ¡
Ǻ顣֪ԭ, Ϊˣ飬Ӧġ
̫̫̫æܾƼҵ, ˼ëǮѩϼ˪αء
ڹӪ, ̫̫ǵôۻҽпյĻһ, ϲЩԹֿܳ, شʲô, ҿۻ¼ˣոҲá
ԭܾ, һۻȥ, ʹӦ, ŮڶЩη취˵
ãһͽȷʱ䣬ͻȥˡ
°ǰҲˮٺȥԷúڵ˰æûʲôˣæģǳȥԸͻˡ
ʱһҺܼ֣һҪƣ˵ˣܵ޵װ׵ġ
ԼûѣҲ⼸˿룬ɴͰǶˡ
˰࣬ϵгͲ¥Ҳ֪Сͷ˳˳
صңɩѾϴˣͷϱŽϻʡ·УŸ裬ܺá
ĵ͵ˣֻǱûиž幤һ磬ڰˣ˹ֵļ廧Ӵ˰˺ڻݡ
¸ַʱӭͷʯ֣ʯһ䱨ôˣ˵ȫˣ¥Ǽ¡
ʯһУѵ͹ŸӣԼĶӣ¶ӳ¿Ǳߵ˵һ£Сû͹ϵӣվʳóԣÿ½Ǯͺá
¸ַлʯ֣Ҳÿʼѧü۸ߵˡ
ʯֻ֣ȥˡ
ֱȥ£¸ַ濴ݵСӣ٣ɵɵǼҸ˸ףӪӿã
¸ֵַ˸ԱȥϤԼذ칫ҿȥˣ쵼Ӣ֪Ҫɻ¼ìܣһЦǲݰȥλԽˣӴ˶Щ汨¶
ڹһȦʶ˼ͬ£¸ַ˸кЩƮŻؼˡ
صңѻһҳֽ֤͹֤ϣĸ᲻ϣСδˣ
罭Ҳ֤˳ĸ˼ȴûôˡ
˽ؼңĳѻֽ͹ָ֤Сã
гԿ׸ӹŹغ̩ɽֽüЦ˳𣿡
˳ʯֻ˵ϰʱʳóԣƱÿ½Ǯͺˡÿ¶ʮǮʣʮ죬һѵˡ
Ƕǵö࿴еĿαʲôĿõ֪ʶء
֣ذ֤˵֪ˣȥҺһ׳
ͶˣЦŽݣѰ£ͽĸ˵裬ϻһҺͳ¶ӳҪԷǵӹҪȥФӼҽţ
ĸϲǣҲ鵽͵ýܼŮˣֻܶա
ϴ֣ȥ֣ϴ˲ڻ£˵ָмֿһӼǵСӵĴ󷽣
𿴰еòȻȥˣФӺھʱ˵ˮϴ
˦˦ϵˮߵФߣӣҺͻһҵҪˣҪǼҳԷýˣһɣ
ФӳƵϲЦտ˲ϵˮĶˣ
һФȴܾˣԷʱ򣬿϶Ҫ˵¶ȥ㣬ǳ극ҹȥȺý˲衣
û뵽Фôϸģ־úܺҺͻһȥ
Ӵ˵ʲô벻룬ǹúãżǵӣӾ͸ˣФӴûЩռˣ̬⣬˺кñ
ϴòˣʰһҲ뿪ˮ
ھӴǰФӴզ£ҵıСŮҪؼˣ
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ھӶŷʣӣйŶǲģ
ĸھӴԡ
ھڽſһֵۣģӵˣûЩûȤһȥˡ
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ƽƽϡ̨ɵ϶ڴͺ棬ôԼҲö
֪ǻһҸŵ񣬹ȥѶӱҶ
һЦƽƽɰСƽͷ̽ȥ̨ϳ˵Ľ
һˣ㹽˼飬û뵽ɩӾȻһֻ⣬һûϧֱӰֻпˣ¥Ʈżζͣ˳ͷ
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͵ͷǵȻﻹҪǫ䣺¶ӳˡȷʵͲ¥ѵõĺúӡ
ĸкҳԲˣûһ˿ǿٷԵıǶҪ֡
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ҳԷȾƣһվžƱĸӣҾλİѽңһõġҲ˻Ӧһˡ
ӣһأʵ˵һ磬ͺƤţλŮϱ¸շںͷ䣬λ˼ҷģһƷԿɿǸҳϵĺɷТ˳ĺŮ
˾ƣĸҲһڣһжҪ˼
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ĸеĿӣûȥӣСǼŮŮǾͲˣСźúùӡ
ǣԼšҲǻǵĸĶŮûҪֻҪãǾͺá
ᣬŲ£裬˰ɣȥģó´ɩӿЦ
λŰɡһҲ֡
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ָһҼвˣźȾƣԵ˵ӡ
һҾӵ͵͵ս֣Ժ˹ˡ
Ӻͽûô׷Źһңֵܶһһظȣſˣ˵ʲôСúõĻ
ֻðʪӸһͷǻһҺͳ¶ӳˮһ;ƣҪСóҲԼܺϼ˵㽭ӵԴ
ŷϣ֧ţһֻ˵㣬Ѿ˱ֱ
¸շЦָŽУǵøȥȾƣƵ
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⻰˵ĸĬĸϾ͵ôôţҲ죿
һҺһŨ裬ⶼǿɬϲζѾ籨߹һأٵˡ
ټŮҸĸ׵ģϾͺѽܡ
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ФӼ״Ҳվ˵ǰϽ裬ǸТ˳ӣӪҲǿ׵ľˣɶĵģ
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һҺͽһ𣬻һ۶Էеصַ
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صңѶʰһ飬ֿѼζɢȥͻطʰˡ
࣬һպˣǼ׻ϴ·ͼ֤һ͵ľŮǱǮһ£ڽĸĿڴһٿ飬࣬Ҳ⡣
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Сãɩӻ·ȹӣ鲼ϰɡ糶ǿ첼óҪ
ûоܾǴɩ⣬ˡ
һСפأ̸дšĸֶ´ӴʧȥŮϢ
裬һģһפأҲԾҲ˯ˮҲȣдţ﷢籨ŬЦ뵭
ĸĨĨ᣺費ޣǼŮŮ˸ˣǸ٣߸˵ġ
۾ʪʪģ˵һĻ
ڼ˯ϯ̯СӣŹǷط䣬ҲҪʽʼˡ
һ죬ֺ˾ƣһҹε
ڶһ磬Ͳ¥Ҽһ֮󣬸ϰϰ࣬óŵĳš
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ˣҲǿ̣ǽأ°ƶȥ죬û𣬡ҪǱץСӣúϴУ˭ġ
ͷúúãЩ̫ûϰˣЩʶȥرܳͻദһ³ˣ׷ӡ
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ˮٺ鶼ڣôʶһһͽһκ첼˵ǸѣЩЦõؽӹǺúõر˸л
ˣ˵ȻؼˣҪԷҪ𳵣ûȥڻϳԡ
һߣŮ˾Χ˵ʽ¶ʲôˣôߵô
޸ô꣬ᵽľǽ˶ԽάɩҲͷ˵ϸڲིͼ˵䣺Сõ¶Ӫ27꣬ǲӼҪӣŸҪߵġеɡ
ӪֹȻýײĴˣ鶼ܼ޸٣ҲҸõģ
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˻һҵһۣҲǺܼ򵥵һ˵Ƕˡ
ƱͽŶһҴľðͳһŷ⣬˵֤쵽ϼӷҪҹĻ𳵣ŴյϵˮؽӣסһҹڶٳĻ𳵻زӡ
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Ӫʮ춼Ӳ𣿡ҪҪˡ
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Щûعֽһ䣺ϻǮҪɡ
ôԶĻƱǺüˣ𳵶ҪüˣǳѹƶҪϰٿ飬ۿŻһЩĻѣЩǮ
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ƽһСӣģһͷﺰţ̣ҪԱ
ФȻͱȽĸȽȴһĶҲڽҵĿﴭ
Žĸ£ǵˮָƽһëǮ֪ȥĶ𣿡
֪¥ǶƽƽһëǮֱײܵøƵġ
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ȥѴȫ򿪣ǵһЩܴصʳһݱĹӣ˼ӲݣĸǴţҪ»𳵣˽һԼ
λ˼Ҵˣ˸մӣְѻһӪƷ͸ֳԵװȥӰãÿӵĲ˿ֽʾϲ¡
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ҪֻǶ컨ŵԼ裬һڼңеʱͲˡ
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ĸŹɵСӣǿְС˽һֱŵǸɾð
һһЩаӵ޻ĸڱûްϻؽյ޻ϽȥһЩȫŮߵ̫ˣȹӣȥһЩĹȥ˵ͷѩµÿɴˣԼ
ᣬſڽĸϥ˵
ޣӡĸ˫ֲڵḧŮͷܸľЩٶûˡФͲ¥иˣͷ°ӣӶ˳˳ġ
ФҲȰοӹúãǶТ˳ˡ
ź̧ͷ裬ÿ궼
áĸѽɣСʲôʱȥ֤
е飺ȥˡ
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ФӰѽ£ĵ˵Сǰͷӣ̫ƽϣܴ󷽾ʹ󷽵㣬СǮ䣬ϹȥУǸܵľͲܣСȥġ
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ӣ֪ˣġҲֻ˵
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һҺͽվſڰЩ˶ӭǰ˶䲻۵ĺ컨﷢βĺ컨ǡһԡ
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ҶþûμӹˣллˡҲ֪ҲðһյģͳһֻĴָСĹ͢룬׺飬ЩˣԭҺŷ޵Сģ̫С˿ڴͷû///ҵ˷֣᲻öһֱţ
ܾ˵ǹΨһˡ
ܼ֣ſ
Сһֱûϯһۣش㣬ֿ˿ۻָۣŽƽͳ¸ַͷ˵ȥҵܵ
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ҪǸͷ˵ʲôֵܾͲˣ⻰
ˣ֪άˣ𣿡
ˣϻ˵ҪǿˣΧûˣʡ
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ʯҴ仰˵ף»֡¸ַӶ˸ġ
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һҽ˺¸ַһɣ־Щζʯֵʲôأ
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СЦһҵŻ
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ط󣬹ƷŸôĴ塣¸ֱַ̣˸СӹǷŲ˵ģתҲѣ˯һ㹻ˡѾǹֵˣ𵽴䴲עͬ־󣡡
콵ĺ£л¸ַ档
վƨߵ߸¸ַС򸾵裬춼ͺˣ˭Ըҵط˯Ҳͬѧѣ͵ȥվĳ˯һһӣֱ
ϴӴͳһ̣ǹˮݸСɩûȥǰǼҴæˣ
¸ַٺЦһۻһңһļ򣺡೤Ҽǵĺá
˿ʱˣͰæӣһĹվȥˡ
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һҲͦĸ˸۽
𳵵վֱʱ̵ˣ϶вᣬĸѾʪӡ
ƽƽʣ͹ùùø˵ټ
ƽƽСֱ֪ΪͷŽùùøټϻؼҳ⣡ͼǵó⡣
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һҺͳ¸ַѽ˸Ķϻ𳵻Ʒᣬһдӣ֣ˣ
೤Ҳǣһҳ
裬ɩС硢ƽƽˡ涣һдŷ籨ġ
ȥɣȥɣƽƽɤӣǻ֡
ӺͽҲ᣺Ҫǹòģ籨Ͷȥ㣡
һһŵƤˣŸսĻ飡
һԽõġ˵һԼĳŵվڽߣڡ
СһҲ˸Уͳ¸ַ潲ǽʱҲ
¸ַһۣϷˣ˵ʲô
𳵿ʱ򣬽˻ǣӲ᣺ȥɣˣ
ͼͼޣ;ǧһ
Էʱ򣬽ŷֻһһֱϺܵǣˣݼ٣Ǿ𳵻ǡ
ҧŴͷԶϤͼˣ޶һʫɽԽ˭ʧ·֮ˣƼˮ֮꣬͡
ԶȥĽʧ·֮ˣĽȴΪ֮͡
ɽԽɽԽ


39 
ָ, ͷˮֹס
һһʼ, ޵, ߹ȥͬһ, ˵һ ô
֪Լ޵һͿ, Ϊزȥ21͵Ϊ뿪һֱܺõĽһȥһٴҹһͻصԼУϧ, ڶ׼Ͳ¥ǸСϡ
ʱͽҵԽ, ƺԽڻһʱ˽˷ޣζţǲֻһֱֺ, ٴ̤21ˣ
ʱ֪Լڵׯε, ǵׯܡ
ʪһӺ󣬽ͣ£òȥ, ˭, ҪԼ, ּ͵ǣ, ͵óǿǿ, մ󽭡̬
һֱҪԼǴӽ, ľͻǸģ
һ...̫ãĵɤӶˣҪȿˮ
һҴԼİͳˮݸĺ˼ڣҿˣ˯
áֻҪٿޣʲô˵һҰˮšãǰСϡ
һʼſС˯ģ˯һѹˣͦ߻һҵֱۣ˯̿ļֺûҴˣԺ״̬УĲֵһҵֱۣСֱ۲񫣬һֱ󵽼򴦾ͣµ˯ˡ
һѾĵĴ󵨸ŵˣڻأﻹʮˣô͸ôֿأһֱôҲ...Ҳһ㣿ͨͨ
ѾԼˣԼΪɷ򣬸˯һֹһЩӦõģȵرţһ˹Ҫöˡ
һҺһֱĪЦʱʱͷȥɵ
̫ɽʱĲѹɸɵģ죬˸̧ۿ⣬·һƬũɫûȫڣһƬһƬĽɫƽԭӹ԰ʫ⡣
ͷͱ˯˺һֱææҵģû뵽һ˯ôʱĻ𳵡ѵѵģɲСܺԹȥˡ
һšˮˣȿˮ㡣
һǴӽǻǸϣͬǣݱˣһһޣˡ
ˮһҵļϣʪôһط
εú޲굽ӵȥ...˯ˮˣ
һƲͷһһʪЦˡ
ĲţǸӡӣԼԴȥԴģֻϴӣСĸ·һҲ⣬ϲİյС飬ںĸܡ
ҪҪԵ㶫һóɡ
ҡͷԵĶ࣬ʮóϣȣҶ¸վͳˡҪ𣿡
һҸӴ󣬶ÿ죬ְǣļŵһ̣ҲȿˮˮݵߣָؿڣôƵģҭĻ𣿿ȿˮ͡
һҺ˿ˮڵֶв˳ؿڵֻСȴȥȥˡ
ʲôķһֽŵĺǻһҸĸĲ񣬽ĸ͵͵ˣĺ˶ٲ񣿡
һҿŽķ죺һʮ˿ǮҲˡ
Ĳ𿪺ָĸưϵǮһЩζĴŽᣬкöСƱӣǽĸлǮ
ΪСƱ̫࣬һҺͽĶ̫ȫɽ꣬ϻһҵĺȻİٶǮǽĸŮ⣬ĺ޲ھǵĿڴȥ
İԼľɴӷ˸׳죬ԼԭǱǮȻٿǮС罭ģðžɱֽţǸƶвͷһٽȫƱҲ֪ȥﻻġ
ɣƲ¶һŶ˿͵ߣ϶ܿ죬Ǯȫãְɣˣһפؾͷ籨ȥǷġ
ҪˣһվȥĻװˮȻصλϣĵѾƽͷ۾ǺģһЩֲۣ֪Щʲô
һȫ𳵳ûƣںڰУ˳˸ձ͡
ҹĻ£һڸҰֻС߬
Ҳһҵᣬ
ӣտ޹һأЩڻһϣֻС˺þãһΪ˵ˣȻд֡ġɤеƣеҪ
һսģһ ֱãҼסˣġ
һҹ˿һ˯ţǣ֣˲֪ӣŵͲгԱˣгԱŰɫǿֵͲһһʱһ˿͵ĽźͳƱȥһʱûغҹҪտԼĲע³վ㣬Ҫվ
һҺͽĶˣɶЩ̫ۣѰڱ󣬽ֿڻһһ˯ˡ
ڶϳ䣬һѹһҹ֮䣬°ͳһӲĺӣһҲˣſڻһϵģһԼʹƨʹֽŶˡ
СȶһһСİãڵĳѾӦֳ;Ϲҹˡ
СŤŤϲ˵¡
ӽŵµһóˢëȥϴһŻ
˳ļձְѸԵһûжʧҲС͵Сӵ˾Ӷ࣬վ˿ڳᣬͣһվȥ˼ˣףڴڨʶѣû֡
գ˲࣬ȻλЩƾɣɱԭѧƤ𳵵ʱҪöˡ
˯ˣԹµȥڽĵǹֻˣ¿ͷѣͷѾˣҪһһӡˣ
ǵĶˣͷɽżһĺؿŴ⡣
ꡣһ֪ط⼸ɽȥɽеĹϽӡ
㣿Ťͷһȿһҵĺӣȥһ
ԡһָǼͰɽ˵ʱи٣˷ˮĻ˵ɽ꣬ǸأͰԼĹؽԽйꡣ
ŷӦԭǹ꣬Ϊһй㣬ͷҲ̫ˣոԼү֧㣬ɺϣһϲûҲǸʾ
˹꣬һ󽭣ˮƽԣڴ棬ĿԣԼһϼңҲڽߣлᣬһҪȥ潭ʱүүӦûᣬʱѡҪİӦҲС֪ǹʲô
ͷͿͷĿŻһңһҲŽģʱ˲ŷ֣;ȷʵƣۣĿǲë̶ĺӣ̲סȥһȴһЦģȫ˼˵ׯء
һʼȣ˫ֳչƣڿϲȥ󵨣һ㶼ִܾ󵨣
湻˺ӣĲŷŹһĻһңͷóСӺҵļС˵ؿ
һ°͵ķĲ֪ҲڿһĿʮУ÷ɿ죬ָͣһҸٶȣͰƿˣ˫۵ָԼĲ˽
л˵
ĩ죡


40 
һ, ھ˾һԻӣֽ, һˮţ
ĺͻһҲ˴, ԵЩ롣
˹һһҽ, һҵݸԷһл, һֽӻػ
ǸʮˣɫеƣݵģƤһЦܶ, ܻ, ˻𣬾ʹ˻һƨǷ޶ľϣֵܵɣ
šһû
ãڲӺá, ͻһ֣, Ӧñ󣬲ĻԽһ硣
ļڣֱ, ŶЦһ, Ǵкˡ
һҴʱȴִ, ûſ
ֵܸսɣϱˮ鰡³һ̣Ц, ޺۴Сһ, 
һұͲǻ, İˣľĸִʱһԣս顣
Ҫؼ̽װɣʵȦһһ³رǺǣ̲סǰĿ˻֣ȴûһȦ
˼Ҳ˵ԭҲʡǣ۾ͷԭأҲֻϵӳˡ
ͨڻϣôһţ˿ͻ˳ƺ̸̣Ե㶫˭֪ͷ࣬ȻĻеûȤԹһǵãסǹҵģڣһʮǮĹʣⶼԲ𡣡
һԼְλһԼ룬ڶûйҹʵģԿһ׬ʮǮĴڣӳܿǹǻĽ
Ҳ˵Ļ治棬Ķû˺øУ˵žıӡ
һûԼλɣҰŲζ
ɫһû뵽ôʶȤӳʮĹʶûʱ˿ʼôˣվϲÿСϵܻᰡҪڲӣµıͱſˡһȻߴ󣬵ᣬΪǸֻ˼±ӣˣˣϱ硣
һûվһ˫۶ŶǸ磬类öһ£̻ҵڿϣһʱǺ˵ġ
ʲôһǷһۣȥԼλˡ
ȥջһҵ֣һԼɱֱ
һȥˣǰѼ꣬ձһɣһ²Ǯֽƣͺˡ
ûϴ裬ȥˮʪӣһЩĵطһ飬ʱ򣬿ڨһгԱ˵ڽʲô룬˲Ҫ鷳ɣ
صλϣľͰǸ˵ˣһģµġ
˰ҹ˻ǿһ˯ֲʵֳûһѻһҵֱۼ⡣
ҹмʱгԱŴ۵İɫͲͷǹгЩ³ڳģƱƱ˯ˣƱ
˱ǿѣ׷ֵǰ˽ôˣѵƱ
һҲѣֱѽĵں棬üͷ塣
гԱгǰˣ̬ȸֱˣϣʾƱͽţ
һҸͳװ֤ŷ⣬ͱһ߸гԱ˹ȥĥʲô
ụ̂е㺦£ǣŻһҵֲſ
һгԱϽţʵʲôϵ
޹ϵһָָǸŷ⣬֤档
߸гԱ֤˳һſģӡǩ֣Ҳ٣
أŷһҲȥա
һҴӰͳһŷ⣬߸гԱԼȥ
һջ
Ĳ⣺Ϊʲôǲ飬Ǽǵģ
㻰𣿡һгԱ̬ȼȶӣͲ㣬ϻô࣡
뿪ڷһڵҡҡ֣嶯
λгԱͬ־ҵ֤𣿡һҼ߸гԱľ֤ȥؿֵͲű֤ϣ޲ֻ۾Ҫȥ
гԱԼͬ¿֤ôãЩͷô𣿡Ҳȸ߸гԱش𣬾һѰϵľ֤˹ȻӡŲӵƺͻһҵְƣҸǵĸӡиþǩ֡
...⣬ְӪ𣿡гԱ˸飬Ͻúһг
ǹгŰɫĵͲ⿴˰죬˫ְ֤ݻظһң񣺡Ӫͬ־ˡ
ģгԱЩɵ۶
һ£ϵ֤һķźãڿ֪ΪʲôҪǷ޵֤𣿡
гԱĿİͰ͵ģг˿͸淢Ǽٷޣżٽŵ¶˵ˡ
ڻ𳵲ϣ˳żٵĽ˻𳵣ֺгԱҪġ
ıѱеǰгԱЦһֱ˵˼һĲ뿴ʸ߸гԱǲݵģʮģЦһӣԳԼӳ
гԱشͬһˣĽдչ
˵ҧгݡ
أ仰һվӸߣϾӮǼгԱ
ջģĶȥˣи˿͸Ǹչ紵ţλҲýղһ𿴻һţһգ۾Ͳˡ
һɨ˳һȦֺƽʱȫһУָָָͲ⣬ʾгԱѵͲصָֻһƬڰ˼Сֻлͷͣ
ԤҪʲô£ͻȻ
һ˵Ĺ쳹᣺ſңſң
гԱϽѵͲִ򿪣ԭ״Ǹ硱ڳڴһס˵ϣϻһˮ󻮣̻һңһҲûǡһõж˹ؽڣ۵ǹ໴Уɱɱ
ĵü죬һҸոԼԱߣôһӾܵڳύĵطȥˣ
гԱгϽȥȥǸ󣬲ľþ׼ֺúݶַ
λӪͬ־Ǻǵǰͷгȥһ˰ɡ߸ӵгԱһЩҲЩ£ոҪǼŭжĹƾԼˡ
һгϵǹӰ˸ʵʵƵģһѽҽеƵϣסˣ
˵ߵߣŵ˵ȥһǵĹ£Һܿͻ
֣ã֤ҲϡƾָУĽź;֤˳
һҺгԱгѺǸгȥǼһߣʣ˾ͷˣ׷ײ²⣬˵硣û˸ǰʽһ֣ոǸ硱ʹУǿɶģꡱһͷ죬ֱϣǵöʹŮ˵ôףҲ֪Ǹʲô·Ϊ
ҲЩĪǸ硱Ƿ˰ɣΪǲģϹٱǣʲôһð°͸жˣ
֪˶ãͬһڳϵ˶ұͻȻѵģ֣ҹٴϮûãͶ˯ˡ
ΨнĻĽصŻһһûֱ֪ʱýǹֻĬ֣ҹֻʣһˣǰԶͷڰ͵ȴе޾Ŀֻź͹¶
֪ڼһ٣ҪԼˣȻڴһ΢ĽŲ͵ۣ˹
һҵӣԼλ£ӭһŮ˵ӵģײĻ
˵ζģе˾ͨζֱԼͬࡣ
죬һһֵĺζڿܺͲںм䣬Ŀŵζʱܾúܰġ
ĴδסһˣҲδҪһӵ
ܿ죬һһ˫ְסĶһ£ɴϣźҹĶ̷͸߱ǣһĺӣֳһ㣬ˡ
ôȥôãĵıŻһҵģʵ
һҷԼὲˣȥʮӣггĸһ㣬Ľһ˺£Ϳٸϻˣ˵ٹȥһˡ
ţˡһҿסԼ˫֣Ҷֻͣڽĵ䣬³ˣҲֻ૵ػ
Һõ㡣
ģû¡
ȥһҵĶ䡢üǡǼ⡢촽ȻͣƬϣһң̸𣿡
һҲܿƵ̿ˮû̸Ҳֲʲôֱ𣬿ڻϣλûԹڴ
̸һ˲˵
˵꣬סſ顢ֻܿѵˮЩĴĴָ˻գһ룬ȥϣҹÿһ£ܸܵһұӺϢȣóʪһһ£ļձߡ
...һұۣҹѵѵĻżбĳ˿͵ĺʱֻؿ֮䣬ֻ㱡ĲһԼʱȼ
ĸоһÿһķӦͣ£Ȼȥĺᣬкգе̣һҰøˣһ𣬻һҿЦģڻϡ
šûˣϣ̿ˮ̸»̸
һҶסô̸ҪһΣ


41 
ڶһ, һҺͽĳһЩճ꣬ĸ߸гԱ, һȥһг, ˵Ļ¡
һȥ, ֪־һֹ, ׷ʲô£
˵ԣڸ׾Ҫƾˡ
д󵨵˴ǰʽģµô
ʵ˵Ҳ֪ҡҡͷ, ͳһС˵, еǧ˼߿˵˹ġ
С˵˿һ룬ˣһҲŻ
һ, ľͿ˹ȥ𳵵ĵӻǲһҵļ
ʲô, չľǾǲӣܵгԱȥ˵һ٣гҹȥһ¡һͽĽ͡
ĵͷ, ۾ǱС˵, ʾ֪, Ҳ׷ʽΣ˵š
һҿųԼĽ, ܺ, Ӧһֱȥ
ոг, ˶ڣλչӳˡ硱ƺľź֤ȫģһжһֱû˰ȥ۵ýһϡ
ггӳȰһˣҶӣطҪǹӳ¸ڵĵλԩ˽ⲻ˽ᣬʹ죬ҲǸѵˡ
֮ԻȰһңҲǲǣгԱϾһгԱƾһ֮ʾʹֱƱ˸ͷεľ٣˵ȥҲ²ϽԾ»СС»ˣȥ˭׷ˮ޺ۡ
һǼȰ⣬һԲÿ˵˵Ƕһ飬˵ÿڸǹһʹĺߺװҲ˵Լһʱһҵ½⣬ȫûڨʱţ塣
쵽緹ʱˣһվһгǽϵĹһۣͬˣµΪ
һ˶˿²ֳȥòˣ
֮ǰһҪһ¹ӵ֤ٿһۣûٽһ仰ͻԼĳᡣ
ļһұۿϣƺ飬Ҳһ˿ų⣬ȱߵСָͣȥСָɫ
˰죬һһǾԭƻϼҽӺӣϼ𳵻زӣȷҪס£סϼ
죬úƽ˵죬û˭˭鷳
ˣϨƺ󣬾û߶˶˯ˣһһѽıס˳ҹڷߣ־ĵ̸һΡ
Ҫˡؿ֪ϷˣҪ˯
һ¡һҲϷſ
...СıܲҪվ...гԱŰ׹Ͳһ·Ѳ飬ǰĴһûǰͷĳᴫ
ˣһӾͽסˣŴҪ£ϡ
һóѣִסСף׵üƤˡ
һң...㲻ˣгԱҪˣᴭ˫ֳؿڣҪľ룬ѲгԱĽŲԽԽˣһ˿...
δɫͲȵˣ˱ѣҪվȥģһӻһϻ£˫ֱأװ˯ͻͻҲ̫̼ˣ
гԱ·ڳûг鳵ƱԼĿںţǰһᡣ
Сһһָ
̲סСҧһֱۣ
ϾŵൽӷУԭȵԤʮӣһŽĵĴױҵһдѶŽȥ
ĵĻһҼˣȥ˸裬ְһҩ͡
ڹӪ棬ȥվ˵ˮصƱƱһҿʱ䣬д˷ţʾȥ籨ַһҺš
ļæ֪ǹϵ£ûȥʾΧĽֵһȦ
ӷ࣬·ϵгҲ࣬иܴķְ֯򣬳ĲȫܳϳͺĲϣﶼܲûãͼһҳˡ
ȥˮصҪСʱŵ
Żһߴߴ˵ӷĴСزʳа趼е𣿡
ҼǵҲġһҲ̫ȷԴӵϼҵĴָͷóǰöຢزۣΪĸͻͶŮ֮һ㣬ȡһС
һѵûֽ࣬࣬
ȥܵø㶫ɣŶǿͣҪп˵ӡ
ûн飬Ҳû͹ദ֪һҵĸĸϱʲôӡ̬ȣٲᣬԼãοǰͷʱҲһΪѡ
㲻ˡһҴ򿪰ͷһ̷ۺһֵǮǹġ
ľЩ죬ò׼θĵദˡ
һҴ仰û˵ģ˫ֱֱǰ·ʱֻû
һĳĬͻȻڶ֮䡣
Ĳֹ̬ȣӵ£һʱ䣬ǰɢȥ·ӻǶݵĶͽˣͷֻʣ޾ļͥ
Ѱѡʲô·ѣе㷢ơ
һǲ֪ȥ͵Ĺϵ֣ŶķֱѾͬİˡ˵ĹϵܣһŽѰСܳ谮֪ܲܽܣοӼм䣬кܶ಻ɿصأĽĺ顣
˾Ի£ȫҹ컺ʹ̼ڳڵϣһ·ˮضȥ
˳ˮأķ֣سʵưܣС¥ټۿɼһŻ˵ƽÿƺûɣӷеķȫûз䵽
˴ӳװ޲˲ͷе˸ǣָָ㣬֪˵ʲô
һ³һȥ˽һĳƱš
İĵطĽŻһңԼһС䵥ˡ
һߣнߣ˽Ųס֣̬ȣһ鵽һ
Ǹչģ㲻𣿡һһһϵĻ
ǰս飬㷵̽ףڵڴϰ﹫ץ˸ͶѵСͷĿǰǽϲŹˣͿʼЩǸа죬ֻһأ֮һֱ
ΪʲôҪ£Ĳ·˾Ц۹⣬ѻһҵֽǣסΨһİȫϣ˵ҺãҸߣᱣҵġ
һֿһڰϿǿ飺ԣһ˵
ЩҲ˿ѽĵǣøˡ
ڹڳǣ֣󲻿СسǣƽͶףõصĻǳҪŮ
Ȼȫ˵ķԣǳһ£ں
һˣͣõصķ˻ȥɤŴ󣬱ȶԷǿˣ˼һָ׳һ࣬ҺΪ˹񫣬һȭǿֵ̫ˣͬС䣬ֻˡ
˫ֶסһҵֱۣһݵı飺
ʲôһҿЦãܽССġ¶ɵЦ
ʮӣһӿڣһͣ£ΪˣֱۣҿҲûɳſڵĵط
ģҵ...һŬһݴʣ˵ܺദȽࡣ
İѱʹ۾ɵøˣʲôѣһ˲仹ôɣĸϱţһҿУһŸĹŲദ
ҪǸտ̿һ٣
ǣҲҪںദɣСǰ鸴ӵˡ
أǽ˺ӾߡһҺܿ񶨡
Ǿ߰ɡĵûйľᣬС綼˵ˣ˻ҪǹòģһŻƱؽȥ谮Сȥ
е㱰ɣɻһҲʧȥеȣͽһ𣬾ܻȥһЩľЩſڲ˵
խӣ˫ľţſϹһӣдš֮ҡ͵˻һҵļ
ͷƺ֡
ʱǣŵѾɿתͷȥһңһޱ飬еˣѽҲ
֨ѽš
л˵
ǣǸܰҺͳǳæۣû˼һЩϸڡ
ҿн˵˿V£Ľڱµԣܶҿһ㣬͸Ľ÷ССС⣬ллҵֺ֧Ķ
ǵǱۣۡۡҺͳһع~
Ҵ㣬½⣬ٴθлǵ֧֣ôô~


42 
֨ѽڻһҺͽķǰŴ, һͷЩҵŮ˿ţһˮͰҪȥˮ
һʶŽ, ԷҲ
㡣һϳ
Ůг, ϵˮͰ, Ĩһͷϵĺ, 
һŽģķӦҲŽ㡣
ǻҵĵһŮҲΨһһŮʱ, ûʶֵ, Ҳû֣ͽлá
ǽģҰˡһܽġ
ðϵˮ°£ԽЦһ, ´ôˮĹ, ϸƤģܲס˼ң
վţɻ, ѾԤϵһᱻ˵ι, Ҳִ̫
óþ񡣡ȻһҴ, ϣбݲйĺۼ, Цһһ, ͼݶͷ, ˵Ҷˣȥɡ˵ǸˮͰҪͷߣȥӱߵˮ
ѹſھˣԭп
һģÿһ·
һ߽ҵСԺǺܵ͵ԭСƽխֱ䣬Աߴ˸׵éݳ䷿ΧһשΧǽװľţһ˨Χһͥ
СԺ󣬱ϷһЩС쾮һЩ̤ƽ͵㻨ǣڵϵˮǽϡϡż·
ҵһϾɵľ˳˼ʣϷ˼뵭ˮкˣӲվš
һҺͽ߽ʱԺʮһʼûǣֱиƻǲԱߵ˭ﰡ
һԺӵ˾ʮ˫۾ŻһҺͽģã·ûЬžðлģǿǷˣ
ӴҴɩԱܳҪֱۣһ˹ȥɩ
ɩҲ⣬ˣӶǮͻɶ£İģ
һŽǰȥˣǽģҰˡѸոյĻ˵һء
ϻؼǳİ
㲻֪˰
Ŷ˵ԭһЩݾģƲǸϱŰ
иȢһһ
￴˻ǳˣ
ˣϻҪ˶ϴˮ
......
ǰʮݣýۻңЩֹСһ֪һЩ´үǲ̫ôҲټ
ǿһݣվҡǮТ˳ĺöӣÿ¶ǮƱĶӣϻҵ߶ʱĻҫƾ֤ϧˣҪԶӣǮĸֻТ˳öá
زŻһҽˣֻһү
ϵһũģϻûϴɾһȷڵϣһȷڵϣֱŵϵϥǣһ˫ĥ˵׵Ьڵʽ£ˣҲûվһۻһң񶼲һۣѺӷôãǵû
ﲻϵˣ磬ŻһҺͽݣǶãý㣬Ǹ̼ҵľ˾ˣԱߵСţǸ...
˵ģöݻһҶûֻúһҲˣֻǶЩݵͷǴкˡ
ɩһֱվţԱߵһˣճλã£ڵصˮµóÿ濡Ҫ˵ǰͷǸá
ͷɩ˵
أһҲѣֱ⡣
ǣɩԼ֣ƻһŮйưˣ˰
壬ϡϡ
СĽл棬ǸкʮģЩ壿ү˵ҪһӳԵĻ壬Եأ˵֣ȥ
ԱߵĴ˶ЦǸҪԵģɩһȣ־ȻȻ겻ڼңûּңǮͳԵĵȻһã
һɫӴͳǴ̷ۺǹϡ
ϵһϵĶһѳڴתĻһȥŻͷһƣϵ̷ǹϱûԹⱲӾֳԵģǸТү̵ģ
˵ͰѶ˵ͳԿףһţѶýȥ
汻˦һƣڵϴֻһԳЦԣûȥ
ɩϻģ⹫˽С˼㣬еԵĶرҹ˲ŸƵóԼУԿҲڵϿ޵ĶӣҲˣһڵϿޣһѱһģմ˲ٻҳӴӴûˣɣ׵ҪӣԺûհ
񣬴ݺͷ߳üֿʲôʲôˣ
㻹ң㿴ǣһŶǳԣԼ⻹ǻҵ𣿡ɩɷӺݳ̸״
תͷһˡֿ۽ģɣ
ҲһۻɣûһҸߣҲ㰫ɫ嶼ڣǳɹģʶһ˸
硣һҽһ
ɣµõ棬ӶˡɰѻɩӶһǮӻ棬ȥǡ
Ŀ͸һӹǮֹסޣվҪܣƺͻ׷ȥ»ǿһǮǡ
պðѶãӷɸ˻һǮһԼǮ𣡡
ĿһֵϷȫ֨һһֱ
ͻأһʡ
ֽһӴһһأʮ꣬Ҳ֪ʺԺȣͼԼСӡզأµӣ
һҲش
ݵиڵģһûǣС棬ܳȥˡ
Щ
һƽӲҲԼ裬ʻһʲôʱ򵽵ģҪڼס졣
иˡ
˵ʻһңǲд϶ô
ǵ˼ķֻУŮûСΡġ
㣬ǰͷи磬϶ûûˡֵģԼѻˣ·Ǹӣ·ϵĳɽڸӾˡ
𺳣Լ˵˻һҰؿһۡ
ϵһԲȴԴ˵ĻһͱŻĺ󱳣ȥʡ
￴Ƥϱôۣһͣž˲Ů˲ϲ˸ɣôʵ͸ñڣһ
ϱһţТ㶫˵ȥ۹ϵľɰͷͳʲôǮ·Ь࣬ɶɣּܲܿ޹
İѰǰԼǵѣǰûҪˣʱеһҵǰһ£и׶СǮ򷢴򷢣ڶô
һҼɫã֪ˣ߿һ뿪ڣ㺰ˡ
㵹ˮˣͰ˽һãϱһţø³æ
ǶЦŽģ˵ϱôҲźţһٷҪģýĿȥ
ϵһư¶ϱТ˳ǰǾͲϲǸõģɲ˻ˮܺ죬챧ӺǴ̨Һ˻飡Ҫ˵Ů˾͸룡
һҶͷЩ˵ı飬ʱ򷴶ֱȥ
ıԼİ˳ֻһȴһСţְֳֺϹζ
̨ǰջ̨Ϸһ鰸壬һ棬ѾѺˣǳ⻹˲еĴ
˰죬ҵˮףҨˮϴ֣ʻ㣬Ҫʲô
㿴ĵ֣;ûɹ־СӰɣոܰѳˣܿһҹ
ҲǣЩʵ廨ͷϼҸ׳ʵڿţúźͺǡ
ĵʮϷˣȷʵʳЩѣǻ˸ʾֱűѧҲѣĲȳơ
ЩòĶˣǰ췢˸籨˵ǻؼңû˵ɶˡ
ϷˡĶͷǼⶼ˺Сһջ𣬻ء
ϷðϷˮá㾹˵
ЦһЦӻѳΨһһѵϴɾгһСչ
㿴治ӣģʣûӰɣ𣿡
µãҪߣ϶ҪȥˣÿҲ
ᡣ˵Ϲܲ˵ᡣ
...ããɩͷﻹһǻƵĲˮõһȿˮ˵ȥýϵľɾðѰźãҲܣ
ܾˣЦ֤вﶼڰñ˱ܣãɩȥŰɣұžͺá
ñźãȳ˷͸㣡ɩڣȥİ
մۣǡŵѵٵǰ¶һͷɫ˵ã
ɩһϰ˻ô׵õ죺ҪͲҪʶģ
ȻɩתȥһֵͷƤǵߣһҼֱһ̲ˮѹſڻҪﲻദ
֪ס˲ӣеͬ㡣
̫ˣİе졣
İҴɩܣͬ飬˽粻£ɩֲʶһֻûǮû취ֻõռˣ޶ôҲɩ
ҲǸˡ㻹һ䣬İɵԼˣԺ˭ܸʱʲôǿɾȫҲˡ
û뵽㾹ȰЦһ£˵Ҳӣû
ûӳԵĶ࣬ĺ˼ҡǿϸе㲻мԹ
Ҫϲ˸ɻӭɷ©ʲôò˵Ļȫźǵ˵ǲһתи⣬ȥӣֻдң붼ɷܲˣƽﶼ
ҼҶľĳէҲöʣǶѳһѴлΡ
תתû͹ӡ
˵ˣ׼ǵˡ͹ôˣ᲻óá
ٴ뿪
һƿ˵ˮŤͷһĸͷֿһͷҪʮ˷ĸͷ
ˣǵԼԵġΪԡ
ֻҡҡͷ
ã˸ӣװ˳ȥ
̧Ǹӣŷ
һͷĽŲͷһѸվ˹Ǹ⿴һۡ
ǰ¶һοЦҲһٷС顣
ϵ˻ڼոյĻ֪ĸûĹ˵...Ҽķϴ˴ˮǽȫˣ¶ˣҪӣɵðңһٿǮýǼҰɣ
ǼСӣĵױȢϱҪҾ߸ƸǮǰʮɡǺͻ㣡һĸŵĻ
ǲӻҪҪˣǸյģкüʮĴСӣܵģǣ
...
ͷһѻ𣬻һЩľóû
صЩޣҶ۸
ϴӣ˵û취ʵûŪǮһйʣְһѡ
ôȥҪǮһʱͷŻ㺰˳
ȷʵͣϵĻѵͷ󣺡ΪҲ룿˿ͷĵһۣ£˻ӣһǮðſ꺢ӣҲûʲôҪ󣬱ǾС
ϼľҲɬ죬Ȼţӣ·գסݺͷǸȳƵģվվֱºӷǮѪסһȥִˡ
ðʱҲǮһӣһȫһ䷿·ܰȡҵҵ˵Ǯģòģҿڣֳˡ
ᣬֺͻǸ㣬Ҹո̫嶯ˡ
ҾµٷǳԣŻġ̹ôϱţܵóԶٷͷ˳ȥɡ
Ŀ̨Ա߷ͷ룬ϵڵ߳ȥͷϣһź񵶡ǡһƾɵľϣ˽ȥԷ
ʮΧŻһҵȥݱһסһʲô˼
𣿡ְѵ˳ƿһȦݡ
ϵͻҲһϱۣȻǰҲֻǿ֣ǶֱϵӶҪˣ...ԷҪѵ𣿡
һϵĽľһ΢ϲúˣȰģǹİҶ䣬οϻеء
ϻŵѣһȦͻأǳԷ˷Ҫˣ
ˣʼûӣ֪ԲǱ⡣
иɤţŽҿӣӶˣģһߣɢү˶˵˺кҿҲˣ
㵹˵仰ô
ƤһֻҪһ֣޲ߣô޿֡
Ȼͺôи飬ǾͰɣϻŵŤͷͻһҽԹǾߣԾߣ
...ѺǮʳҰӣԼȥĵĺԺûñӦǾ彭еƾҪȥͷˡ
˵ףҪǮҪʳ
أһҲܿվţôûӣȷʵˡ
Ѻ߾ͽߣ...
ԷˣҪͷһͯӺͷ˹
Ļû˵꣬иСǣһĺӴһ俪ķܳһҺͽĻͷһֻͷɢС·˹϶ǻңҪˡ
ǸܵĿ죬ϵӣҪȥץͷϵԺͲٶùӣصһ֣ǸԵ˸ӣ
ӳʹ֣ȥãҺ͵ܵҪͷ
ϵֺݺݵǺӵһ£顣
һϳСٻͷȥϵӺӣң
ӻȥͷİֳõĵطһ飺ʹû
ʹҪͷҺ͵ܵûԷˣģţҪȥͷ
һҶ£ѻұմ˵ˮϵĻҲɾ¶
˭ǷųģøۣԺӿһȦ˶ԭأ֪˭ǷųҷǶɣ
һְѻҶĻŵվԱߣһҵɫѿͷɼľ֪ˡ
ɲС˵ǲҺ͵ԣҲŰǹģӲʵˣһվҪߣȥ˰꺢ӣܵøѣ
ɩҲܳԣҸϴ·ģҲøǮ
˴յĻ˳𵶣ֺݵľϿû£žӾͱˣͷ͸һأҸ͸һ
ΧſֵݣɺͻɩлҵﶼסˣŵؿŽģô׵ϱ
һ»ʱ򣬸һǧǮٽȫƱ˺üǮƱ£¾ͻˣľŵŶ˵һ˵ˣӵģʣµİ˰Ҫɩ͸λױ׵ģλ˼ҿɲ̰ܶ
ɩһϾŤͷȥţ˵ô᲻ǴһǮԭǹ˽ˣһǧǮܳԶõľϸ氡кѧѧѣ
綼ˣôһǮ
ڳҲһһǧǮٽƱϻĿɹڵģûãҲԺ벻߶ˣ
λǿɵúúʻүͻǵǮõĶȥˡںߣֻ䡣
ϵͻϽҡͷͣûûУôǮ
֪ǮҹкĸεţɰǺˣ
죬ĵеùʮ죬ΧŶţҪԿȥǮһȺֵݶҪˡ
ǱסĶ֣ŵŻһߡ
һҿõĽģݺĺӣʮǵġ
ŻһŻһ˺þãԼԺﴫ޺ɱԩң
ҷţ
ϴ󣬰ϱס
ҵıͷӣ
ҵǮ׼
......
ã㲻֪ĸܳϻŸС߻ͷû˸ţ߹
ӵ·ǻǮ꣬ҸóˣţСģְϵĵûҰɣԼˡ
㣬ˡİѵݸӹǸСƮƮġ
ãҵܵǸˣ࣬úһ˹ӡǸϽߣȻͷӦе
ĴӰѸͳС㣬ԭ׼ǵļ¡
ûãֽӹˣ۶٣ȷʵȱǮ
һҺͽĸ˻㣬һ·վȥ
ҪͷҵǾſڻһҵļϣָ졣
л˵
һ죬ʹ
ǣҽ˰ǧֵķϣ͵٣ļ
ôôôô~


43 
ӻҳ, ľͲϽˣֻ뿪طһһ˵ֻŻ, ЩĲ, ͣ½Ų, ſ˫֣һ
һҡͷұžС
ļˡļſ˫֡
ǻ, СҪҲſ֣Ҫıָ, ı, ָóԹԣСѲָܳ
ҴģȻЩߣ¶ССЦ, ſڽļϣĲӲſ
һֱûϸͷ, ס۾ˣ, ܲ޲, ùԵĺӡ
ͷû, Ȼеһ, иɫС, ֻ, ʱѻҷڵϣǿҵͷһһŰɫѣͷʭӣ
һңѻͷûһҰѺӷ£ȥǻͷҲǳѣкüʭ͵
ŵ޲ʮǧԶ
ǵ20ĩв˳ǰϾиﲻСˣҳҲע⣬ԽԽأҹﶼӣӵԴˣССͳͷȾͬѧҲֻ̾ץ˰ͷ־ʹץӸεġ
̫ˣôȥͷûһȥͷжÿ
һСʱһͳĳֱһۡ
֪Ķͷ𣿡زұˣǣ֣޲÷ߡ
ȥǸͷڲڡһҲͷϵʭӸˣýĿŻߵԱߵĵȥͷ
ʵ·ֱӣСȥˡ
ͷ˸µģͷĶӣͷմСͷͷӺڽֿи̯ӣӲץҲǸӪ
ĺͻһܳһѺӷ¡
ͷǸ̷Ĵ޶ӵͷͷʭ˰ɣˡ
ͷͷȫ⣬ҪҪͿʲôҩˮԷɾ
˵ҪͿһҩۣһëǮӶá
УҪһôãˬҪһ
һΣϴͺˣʲôѶȥøɸɾġֽذһҩ۳
ʲôģӰԺͷɣţôһҩζЩģСͷϵĶ
Ǽ洫ط˵Ҳ֪İɣٱ˶ҩ۵ģͷǳøƵġýȸǮſϸҩۣõеηͷʭӣûҩ۾ûжģ
еηǲũҩ𣿽ŵְҩһ飬ãţҩζ
һͷһëǮӼһҩۣëͽǮкɷͷ
㣬ƤۣεˡĿһͷ۾ʼ
һȰѻŸ߽ľϣͷΧΧȹ֣Ҫ֣ȴҲ꣡Ҫͷ
ȥͷö֣Žģ⵱ģŵ㺢ӣ굶ۣ˿ɲܹҰ
ĲѿڶҲ裬ɻһڸǰһɵرȣֻöº
ҾҪͷ
ȥûйӪ꣬ԵĻһҶԽ˵
ĵͷ̫ɵģǺȵˮ
Ȼһ߿󣬽Ҵ˸«ףҨˮմʪǲ֣Ҳ֪ûϴϴˣֻţ˫ЬûУСؤƵģĿܣԼСʱһ󣬾Щúܿࡣ
ʱۣǸոջϵÿõģúᣬٴŪۻ£ʹ𣿡
ʹһᣬǲϵЩպޣŽģǻˣ˵Ҫүһס
缸ͱɩֹкԺӺõģܵԺ͵Űܶɣһֻ
ߺûٻ˵ŵܵܵ˺þöû裬ү̺ʹһҶǽܶãȥڷӮףÿ춼ֻżؼңǲܳһٱġ
һǰ˵ǽܣСΨһϣ
ò׵ȵֽˣȴִ˵Ҫү̼ңһĸŻĻɲѻŭͺ޸ˡ
һոո̨ĻҲֻһʱ죬û뵽ˣסˣЩѿﳳֻӮʼûаԼһĽɫϣ裬ƾͲὲûͷûԵĻˡ
...Ҹոһʱ鼱ûã˵ĻЩģԲ𡣡СУǻֿž۵СŮСʲôֻö£źǸǲͻģȻǾһߡ
ִӶͳǣǺòã
δεŴӺͻһҼһģһĿеᣬֽǸǷ룬ǽһһ룺Ȼͷٳʣµģòã
ɱˡǣЩ룬迴С
һǲǣģǱǶͷȥѵСһңƤӱȻһҰһЩ
Ҩˮٲϴһ飬ӶˣŰ˸ϴ׾Щö̷һˮϴ軻·˭֪򿪻ʰǼ·ֶСˣ׶ײȥֻա
һһʱ򣬼Ķĵغ˵Խ
һͷ˳Χȹ֣¸߽ӣȥ֮˺һݸңԣ
ڼҾŷֶԵģһս˫ȭ޲ܻȥѻҴŸˣٴǼȭ
ûһңﻹ
ӳͷǺȿˮˮҪǣĴӰóţſϹԹ԰ͷȫˡ
һһСͷͻȻͦϲУС±ûйˣͷգմˮǲ˲ͷˡ
ϳʱ򣬻һ˱һ
һ£һҾױһĸɱӸĳԣĽӹڣͻ۰ͰͶһǳԣڴڳԣǳԵȫӡ
˱һҼ뿪ڣĶЩģͲٶ˵
뿪ˮأӷվȥһʼʱ򣬻ͻҽܻ˷ܣЩϴģһҺͽǵˤˣŲǶ
ʮӣ·Ҫͣˣˣ˵ŵӣһӼһСУ϶һֶζм仹һϵĺζ
ûûͿʼˣǻң˰ѸոճԵͷ͸ɱһء
ӵһ ·΢һҡֱ˵ߵף˵ӣЩҲͷ̽ȥͷ
ͷû˼ƽϣɰѳ࣬ƱԱͲˣָƿڴͻˣɫ࣬İ˵µһҺͽĺͷ㣬ؿģֻñ壬Щͷö
ˣɨһ§Żĺ󱳣¡
ѻģڶţһԱߵݱɨɨƱԱϰװֵģ˵ûúӣѳˣûҽ̣
һҸɵƵǶŻﲻ֪ǺãֻôӴǶϵĴ컨ͳ𿪺ŪһСӵģݸ
ǽõĺ컨װһŻ
ڽһСʱͻҶ˯ˣû¡
վһұŻ³Ƕ컨һߣıͬ˯ŵĻңǿ鲻ӵĺ첼Щ


44 
ӷеվ, ѾˣӪţּźȥԷ
ӵѾûжٲ˿Գ, һҶһС, Ĳб, òˮСϴϴ, ǳںڵָףüͷ
ιǺȿˮѺСԼȡ
һ, ÿӺ͵, ԵĺģͷСƵģúųԣǳԵּֿ졣
, ССû˽̹, ץӣҲץòȣȸ, Ǳı·մһճĺ, Ŀ, ³ĿӣһСһС׵ι
һС, ҵС, , ЩˣСһ룬ָǽܣԼż档
һͳԼ棬һЩ޴룬ԼӵʱûϸտְˣҲûչ˺ӵľͷ
ʣµıҲˣӸߣĴһ죬ûԵģ˲ܳ뼢뱥ġ
ԹĻȥ̵תת㶫ϧѾڣ·ϴС̵궼ˡ
ֻûдȥһ̡
ſڵķԱǣдĹ¯ˣû޺ãˮûˣֻϴˮ
һҿԳˮ裬ȴܣҲϰˮ
¥֮ǰļԱԱиСˮһëǮһˮ¥ȸϴ裬ûͰҷԱ˸裬ˮˮˮ£ĲŰӵ·ѵϴһϴҲϴϴһɡ
ˮˮͷſڵĻһҺ÷Աһ
һſ˵Ĵҡ⡱¥
ĿݳŹǵĹͷСǰɼ߹ǣСС֣;ܣϻؼĺӣ21ﱨķ޼ͯ˵Ƕ࣬οһһǮƱôҲܳһٷڰѺӶ
ҵͻɻɩһң˽ĵ֪ߣŰͯˣȼŭ
ӵǼǳԲǴ򣬼ˮңˮվģˮﶼǵЦͽ
ŭİϴɾˮϴˣˮϴá
ûкʵ·ûһҰС·óüڵڴһһСͷ׽ȥ¶ۣҲһأЩȴŰɣ˵
Ūãһָˮϴ衣
ĽҲһϴϴͷϴ·ڻ¡
ϴ裬˾;ˣдеƣڻطӺ˵ˮ˲ͺˡ
дŴСϣһȥϴ裬Լһš
ǸСͷۿڽͷĽģͷ泤ԼСͷͷ᳤𣿡
ġûҰͨС˵Ļ󳤳˳ͷ͸ӣÿͷС
ָ߸˵ˣ·¶һС۶͵ܻܵдĴϹһţûһˣվ˱ģҲѧڴұġ
ûֹǣǿĻɣԼڲʪ
óԡǸСŽģ֮ٳǣ⵽˾ܾ
СϲܳǣܳԡСʱͰ˯ʹʱڴϿ޵÷ȥģҹҹ˯ˣүүֻôȥһҽҽûҩӲΣְ׶֮ʹǹô꣬Ķǵġ
Ʋ죬ΪĻһҪ󣺡ǻˣ㲻ҳǡ
˵öԣǻˡĲ㣬ǻٸ㣬㻹𣿡
·˷ԣҪһ͵ܷ֣ܵ
Уۣ˯һˣ˯ɣ¡
ǻңԹԵģ˺ͽһֱีرţû˵һһ仰ʱͷڽĵĴϣںָİָܳŶ
ſ˫֣Ҫֻð⺢ôôճˣ
ҽסĵĲӣָĳ֣ſڽĵļϣһ˯ˣˡ
ɵذ˯ŵĺӷڴϣҳһ·ǵСϣŤŤеʹͷһһҳ裬
ľͲһԱ߲ͷëͷ...
ҡë˸ܴĵطһŴͷ
һҲ֪ô죬ֻø£һ£֨͡һȥ
һң֪ʲôԳ𣿡־òܲͨԭתֱüۿûƭȴѡʲôȥһû׼̣ôܵĹϵпռ䣬ѡԵء
ҲáһҵͷϴҲȷʵ֪Լˡ
ԭ飬˷޳ڲһ𣬿û飬һҪԭܲļˣ½Ҳ뿪ڿʼⳡ
ڲ˵Ļ̬ȣµȻѺӶˣһѾŪù۵ˡ
ǣҺ˵һҵ֪Ž⣬ĶЦˡ
˵ءҪ˵ʲô
ģлл㡣˵ǧ˵򣬻һֻ仰
ллôæҵ龳˼飬ллӵ˼ҪģллάҲû뿪
˻һеСĺ͵ͷǹҲɢһЩܵ˳̨ɻЩһңˣǷޣҪͬġ
Ȼû飬Ҳ֪ͥһСŶӣˣҪŶһȥġ
һ͵صͷôû뵽ĲֻӱܵˣԺ󶼺㽲
ﻹʲôû˵ģ
һҿŽСԲͻȻһڣֽס
Ĵ磬Ҫƿһң㣬һûȫ
һҷſ˫ֻϣ룬ֱס
ҺҵʮʱʧɢꡣһҵƵģ뽭ĵĶУʧɢ֮Ҳǣ͸űˣȥΪÿܳϷҲȥˡ
Ų߱ʮ꣬ʱյãͱɵͨӵһǵԼϼŻһңûڣһȦﶼڣѾˡ
տʼϲҲ̫ԸϣһҪʳǡиңҾ֪ҽˡ
ĵ˫ӵȥıʮǼꣿ
ʮ꣬ӻĵ·ʧɢˡһҲϷſģҪӵڻȷġ
ɵϣ˲ٿɣĶԻһ۵ԸӣôСͣôʱ򣬺ʹʧɢˣһܸʶû·֣ܻȥ
ڲˡˡ
ôĸӣôίʪʪģ۵һҵԺǶһԶʧɢ
һְ˱סˣĵĵһŵ
Ҳػرǹɢľֻһ㣬ٺһ㡣
С˲ɿļĽǶ̿㣬ëίţĶ¿ĴȺСȣһ˵Ǹ˿ڣȻȵĴȺСȶʵİָ̺ۣȥܵˣ
һĲϣֻ̺ۣôô˿ڣöʹŻվ
ǲǵʱû͸ǵһؼ񻹹Žš
ţʱе㷢ףȥ˴򣬳Թҩͺˡһûš
ʱΪץһ͵͵뾳ļˮܵˣСȶˣ˶ʮ룬̫ʹɺָʱһȣ㣬ץӸεģ
̧ۿһƵӣ;ɵ͸ˣͷȥ˰̡
һҵȼ̾˷Ӧѵ̿ˮýϣૣ...
롰̸Ҫܵġ
ִʱӣҪ£Ǿ͵ٺһסպҡıýģöһ£룬ۣңǲŸսĻ顣һҵɷúùӡ
֪ˣͺǷǰͷһ̽ȥ
Ĳף˫ûǰһҲ
һҾͽΪҪ˵Ƕ컨£һ³Ϳ᲻õˣԾҸʱ䣬һҪһ䡣
һң㱿ѽ۸㣬Ͳᷴ𣿡˵ڻСԺһȺΧ¡
޴ƽǾˣܶϰն֡һʱԼľԭЩ˶ֶԽ磬ĬУ
ˣָǣûȭͷѽȥ֪ǲǵġ
һұɵЦ챿˵Ҫıҡͦ
챿ˣͻҴ̡˫䣬ֵͷ
Ųˣһҵľ˳ˣߺúôţչ˺ӣԻŮ˺ãŮҲãǾûʲôҪˡ
Ƚĵͷ֮˲£Ϊ޵ݣһ һŴ˯
һ˯ţѹŽ̸һһεġʵܲˣͰƿһˣ𣿡
ҹ˯Ϊ˲׽ĿΪˡ̸Ҳԡ
תȥЩдЩùıˡȥһ£ͱңСȥ緹
һҼ۾ˣ˺ü£ŷȥ˯


45 
, ǻͻģһһҾ, ˿Ա߻˯Ľ, , źӵһ½ĵ, Ьȥˮϴ
˵ҪǺˮȥˮˮʱѻ촽, ҿһ, һ³ѽģ¥ţѻ˼²źá
·̫ˣûЬ, ƫƫ˻ãдſ, һһݵľ˶סһץϾͱţʱҼ, ʹһ, Ҳֻš
ҶˣҺ͵ܵܶˣſڻһҵļ϶ȥ, ҪԵģҪǣ˵ҳǵģ
һ, ҲŽ, ีҽ, һдû𴲵ͷԶ㣬˯
ڵĺӰѻһұƵǰغ󱳶Ǻֱ֪Ǻá
ˣдԱиС꣬һҾͱȥС꣬ϧ̫ˣ껹ûţ˾ɵɵվſڵȣСӿԸ
ȵϰʱ䣬·ߵĹ㲥ʼŽźͽٹΪҽףӷϰĹǳţг·ϰȥˡ
ҽܵһ ôĳֱQһǱ˺гײһǣһſڵŶ緹˶ŪӣһͷȸطɽԽ뻹ۡ
Ŷӵһ࣬СڿţһҸϽӽȥҳԵģѺǷϣǿŷСһ緹ֻվϣһҸ뵰ŵԵԵһǣ·Ӻֶˡ
һֻ÷¿ӣѧĸι̫ھ̫СڣŪûұǿױ϶鵰Ұŵôģ³Բιǿڷ
òװѻιãһҳԿ棬ÿӣҪˮˮҪǣ
һҲվˮ......
......
һ˯ƺ𴲵Ƥʵһûּ˯ˣ˯˸
ǰ춼ڻ˯׵˯ʹˣ˯˸ˬ
𴲣ϴˢ·ͷ¥¿һۣûˣƳȥ緹ˣ˻ûڴͷϣ֧һǦѹţԼҲŰȥˡ
ҪĶ̫ˣ
ǰİѴǮƱһ飬ǮǹģƱ٣ȥɡ
ӷҪʳ˸ͶԸȥˡ
ߵһҴȥʾָҵ̵꣬ȥͷЩʲô
ӷеҪԴǵصķ֯ķ֯ƷԶȫийصĶﶼ򵽣Ϊأʵݡ
ͷһȦ̵ȫĲϺͲƷˣһŸߴĹӣǲϻǸëߣ룬һ컨壬˵̵ֱ꣬˵ǲֿ⣬ҵר
̵ԱѵһЩ̬Ȼ磬Ҳ䵭ҪʲôǾʲô
ҿǿ̺ӡָǹ̨һŵĻƼкӡë̺
̺ӿűȴأҪԱһò
ȥôϸë޵ģſ϶ůͣСʱڴϴùë̺
Ǯɫ𣿡Ա
и׵ģÿࡣԱָָһɫģĳ̬ҲУʮһҵƱš̺ã׶ǵ̺ӣǶҪʮһءԱܽкǿĶϯǰȥǿϱֽҫ
ĵ˵ԼƱҪ˵㡣
˼ҲֻһͶˡ
ԱΪԼˣλ𣿡
ǡķϣԼáôܱ˵𣿡
۸˲ˡԱҡͷȥȥͷţǹӪ̵꣬ܽ۸񰡣
ƱƱҸһ㡣ֲԱƱԱ˵ҿÿëǮľܽԱĿڴ
Ա֪ǸϵˣҲѹ˵ֻһƱ
ҶǮٸʮƱĹҵƱǽĸģûȥһҵפҲ֪ôʡʡ̺ӣһҪġ
ּۻ۰죬Աͬˣ̺ӵ°ѶǮˡ
Ա̺һɱֽþɾɵĲװãҪĻؼȥ̫ˣҸ˰һ̧ʾȥİɣȻһ
Ա˽ĵǮ鲻Һһ̧ȥ
Ȼ˺ҳֽңдšһҳֽҵдš
̧ͷǳһ衢ɩС硢ƽƽ
ʺã˵Ѿ˻һϼӷ棬ӣ̺ӲͿԲøǺصޱˣǻһŮǮĿǰ˳סһ𳵱ϣǱģһкܺá
˵ȵפдţдˡ֡
һ̯¶һû˵˵ͽǽģؽ
̺أʼĻķö飬۵ýֱָͷǮԼ21ʹԵ޷ֵʮûֵʮɣһʮأ־ûСǮôˣʱֺǮǻۣһֿɾһˣǵ취Ǯ
̺ӣֻصոյ̵꣬ԱһµĴ̺ӣССǵġ
ҲǼõģԱתȥС̺ӣ˲ٰ
żĸ
ǵǣŮ˽˻飬żҾ͵ͷˡû뵽ԱҲид
С̺ӣƹҸǵʮˣʽ̺ãøʮĶУҪһոһСҪɫͻɫġ
ëߡĵ˺üһɫëߣǳɫģһ𲻻ۡ
Ȼ֯ë£һפж䣬治֪ǰУǡĹˣ͸ɴһˡ
СԱǮƱֻƱۺþãؽֻʮƱึǮ̺Ӻͺüëߡ
ë·𣿡ɨԱĻƷһȦ
ЩƷõǰͷ̵ֵȥ򡣡ԱǮƱ̺ӣãָ·
ôصĶһ˱ȷȥȻٻáҾסǰͷľдͷܰҰһ𣿡ĿԱˣЦ
ۻԱԥϰأ뿪λԼҸðɡ
ĺû˵˵ȻˮԱǿͬ⣺ȥأֻһ̧дſڰ
Ͽ첽߳ȥԱ˵Ǽ̵꣬һͬɫıģͻ·ף˫СЬӣˢϴ·ۣë˾ʮϴСָ׼ˮıӺˮƷУССһ壬Լ˫İɫЬССõĶˣ껹úͲͬԱƱۣڸ
˴գˣԱȵˮæǰŴţ˫ŶȥƿˮҲƿ
»ص̺ӵ̵꣬ԱϵļʲһǼɶûаְˮغã׼Ȼȡ
룬ɲ
˿ĶͿдͷ߹ȥ
дԱϰ¥ȥõǼϢϰ࣬ѽ̺ӷ·߾ˡ
û취ֻԼֶ°һ̺ӿдһ̨һ̨̫ǱˣػӦûһǿ̿ɣ
һҴӳų緹Թ緹ʹǹȥˡ
ܾöпǷǡýпգĻδͰѻҿڲϣֱŻȥˡ
˵Եģȥ˶ȽʱõĸĴ컨ϣܰǶ£ʵоЩģⲻһ컨ܱõʱϹҹü䣬Ͳ̫⣬ɽ³Ƕ仨˱飬ǿˣĴźϲ컨Σˣ
صдտҲĵĴױڣ̵룬ƽʱİڣ˲ˣ֪ĶȥˣһҰѺӷ£ǲǣ飬˷Ա˳ȥû
Աڴëߣҡͷ֪˰ɣǲǽĻ𣿡
ˣһҵһ϶¥ȥĵ֤Ǯڣߣʱߣľľظϴ˽ţŻֿʼڴϱ
һһŴϻ߬Ƕ컨ü죬ĺǣ뽭˵Զʧɢ뽭ӣǲ뵽߰ӣһͺڣƲȥˣ
ڻһ˼֮ʣͻȻһ...һңһڲڣ
ĴһĶ¥ݣУ̫ˣԮһңھң
һץϵĴ컨͵վ˳ȥ¥ݿڿһȺĽģӶЩñȸոջ죬ûߣ
ŸҰЩȥĴ󴭣Щ̺̫ˣ᲻÷һ¥һ˳զ졣
һɵذѴ컨Լϣ¥ݣְְ̺˵СĵĸһӼˣ˶ˡ
ص˰Ѷ£ſģСͷƿˮȣֿһɵ㶵ǵĴ컨Цأ
һҰѺ컨ݸģġ
Ҹĺ棬ӹǶº컨ԭǶҪһЩ
ǸġһҲ˵ɣȴˣǲġ
ôһأǶǽõġ˵ô˵ϸյúúõģյյȡˡ
һҼ˺컨ͻϲˣЩίԱ˵ˣһΪˡ
ҲǸ˸˵ҳȥһ£˶ͻءȥҴͷֱ紵ڴףԭû
ˣһˡ£һҵ֣㱾͹ڵˡ
һЦָˡ
ģȥԴСָָϵ·
ңİСͷеǰֽŻɾָ׼ǼָףֻϺʵ·Ьӣ˾ˡ
ͻ˴ЬӣŽߣܶߵ¥̨ܣȻֻͣɫƤܣĽǵľ
һң缸Ʊ۵̯ڴϣҲġ
ʮ֡һҿ˿ƱҪһǰսѣԶٷ
УǲܺȾơ£ͷϣҰ򡣡
һ־󣬱һͨһҾ⣬ߴߴЦ
ͻſſڣ֣ûгǣûߣ治֪ʲôЦġ
л˵
ĩ죡


46 
һҳȥս, ĴӳԷ˯˯Ѻҩϴͷʹǳȥ˳ƤӰϷ, ˵С
ҳϵʮճŽ, Ҫ, ·, ̫ö֪ĲˣԵһμ˵㣬ЩԽĵɫ, , ֵܾС
ĸ˼ˣ˵㣬ô֣˾ܾ, Ǻܺúģ˱̫õĻֱۺ, ˳
һһʱҲӻдϸϴ·, İȥ, һǶ, ӲһͨǶһ̺, ˡ
, һͷ, ôˣ
컹ûҳǡˡ
˵ͻҳˡ
ģӦˣûǳԡ
ĻͦϲĺӣŮӣ£ͻƽӣҸˮ
ֿ˿һƿˮʿˮҽ첻ǣٺһƿˮ𣿡
ҡͷСͷУƿǸȵġ
һֱڻҴţԵĶֹѵĲһǳ̫ҵʳ춼Ҫ𳵣ҪֶˣչСͯһϲͨһҶԴҲӣϿûҽ
˽ĵĻʧͷߣ˵ġ
Ǹĺӣʵ̵úܲ
Ƿһǣȵֵפٸ㡣ûҳҲεһ衱
ҿɼסˣҵʱҪģ̇ͷ½ƭеܵܵġ
ɷµ˹óˮص˵ϵ־ú˼ǸŮӣҪЩ
һȫ̵ĶԻֽĶԸСһף΢Ц͸㲻
ŵһЩζӣ˵Ⱦ𣿡
ģʢȴһҽսѣϻ籨ʽǸսѡ
ȻôҲȥõ˼˵ллϾ硣
ͺáһû׼ýȥ飬Ըչӣͺܸмˣ֪ǽ飬˿ȷһƿơ
ǽáԸпѾǴˡ
һȥϱ߾սѣ۾˲˻ԭģȻڴСҲǸӪˡһҺܸпǰһͬսѣΪָԭ˳˾ӣʣµЩɢϺپۣˡ
˵䣬׼ʰϻ𳵣ĴӣϱһǣһСͷػҿҲղˣһ·Ǻǳûк̵ƵҪܿ˺гһ·߹ȥҪǱжǱ
˫ǣסĵ֣һҲҷſҪССĻң½ѣϻ𳵣ͻү̼ȥ
Ȼ˵ǣɹ˺þò迴źܺ˵Ҳ¶ɲӣЬ͵ܵܣܹȴү̼ãϲˣ
һһҾˣĴڻվڻյճˣɲСָ꣬꣬ŰƯƯȥأѾԼ뷨ˡ
վһ˷ϳһг¸ص㻻ˣҪҹڻһþ̵֤Ʊ㲻˯ʮȵĵˡ
̳ᣬû˿ͣҪҲҪ·ģƱۻҪӲһЩܶ᲻ûǮ
һҷźְｭİϹŵڽűߣѻϣҪҵʱ򣬻ҿ֣Ҫıֻٴΰ˱ס˺ˣˣСްôôޣҿӿ޵ûУ
һĵĻҾö̶ССָָָԼıӣ飬ͣˣĿЦãȥͶͷĺԣӻڣûп޵
ҾЦˣַͷֱסӣܣĸӡ
룬ûĸεˣҲܾܾһӺޱοӻǻһҵġ
һҼİѺӺסˮǺˮȻ𳵿
ҿˣ˯ˣİ̵Ĵϣ˼С·ϡ
һȥҲۣ˾ƣû˯ڷЩ
ĺͻһ𣬿мСϣóСϸظĹ£˳˰ȷ磬Уһ˯ĺҲվ̨ϵԽԽԶվ̨𽥳һС㣬𳵴Զط
ˣֺûаǽү̼ңĴˡ
Žĺȿˮʱ򣬻תͷ̧ۿ۾е̻󣺡֪㲻衣
û˵Ķԡûзϣȷǡ
㣬Ҳǳͷ۾ûĴ󡣡۲ϸ·Ҫ
Ŷ𣿡̧ü
ˣͼŮ̸ҪˣҪһЩҲãԡ
Һ͵ܵܳ裬§˯ǰǰ£ǵãΪʲôǣ

Ҳ벻ףҪش𣺡飬ˡ
ʲô飿úŪ
Ҳ֪һϣû취ش⣬Ĳ֪ʲô
˯ǰСſϣܵһӾ˯ˣܵܲ
Ĳ֪Ҫôӻˣֻȷ磬ĿЩơ
㲻衣Ǿ仰ûϣԺܵһǵ𣿡
ס𣿡ʡ
ͷҡͷȻֵͷ۾Ѹپ᣺𣿡
һֱǵԼ裬
ֻðڻﰲңҲӡ裬ʱ϶ʹӦҪǵ
ǵܵأܵҲ𣿡ᣬʡ
ԣ裬ȻüšСͷ𣿡
ҡͷ̹дԼ֣ˣ֪ô¡
ľҳһӺһ֧ʣд¡㡱֣֣㡣ǵøһЩҪѧд֣ѧˣͼǵøˡ
ˣ᣺ѧᣬͽ̵ܵд
áû
ᱧǿޣ޵ҹ˯ͻȻҹ˵˳ǲǲϲҺ͵ܵܲſ޵ģ
ķѣ֪ôͻֳ˵ļοһסڻң˵㣬Ҳðҹʹޡ
һ˵һ治Ǹɷ
ǣֻǾ...룬ʼҲһǡĴʣ...϶ǲϲǲſ޵ġ
Ǳοһ㣬Ǻܼ֣㲻裬Ҳ裬ܵҲС
ԡȫûûҽܡ
Ҹýʲô
С˵ֽСҲôС
Сҵ˸ȷĴ𰸣Ž˺ü䣬ĶӦˡ
Ϊʲô֣ע⵽һֱ˵㣬ûй֡
Һ¡Ļøߣôҡ
˵ľСӣǽˣôС
󲮾ʹøý㣬򡣡װĻ棬ҽУԺҴܵӣָˣڽĻԼֱСȻ裬СĲС
ǾˣҲǸˣҪѧ첻û𣿡ҲСŮһ㰲ȫС
ҿԽ֡棬ƺѾЩ˵ҪҿõܵܣֲŻҺá
仰ԡеǶǵĻֻͻһãҪչ˵ܵܣֻҪԼͺˡ
̺ʹĸд趼ô˵⣬ӴŮԳôġ
ΪǶ˵ˡĿ·𿴵ĳʱڵԼҪͬĸͬĸ츸ֵܽúгദҪЩãʹЩˣϲЩǡ
Ҳ˵͵ܵܿĵسͺãչ˵ֺܵҵ顣
СĲ𣿡ǲš
Ժͻ֪ˡ֪Ѿ˽⵽֪ģ͸˹ӡ
ڻǸϻ۵СҪ̫ʱȥЩϵҲֹ̿һӺжԿģһһҼмˣһԼʼû취ͶͥĽɫúȥδӡ
һĿڣ˻̫С£ÿ˶Լļ尾ɡ


47 
ǰ, 𽥰һһҲˣº, ͿŽ, Ļ̿, Ĳ, ʱʱļ磬˵
һûѣ˯ˣҹ˯һŷ£ûһҰŪѡ
˾ͳ˵, ˻ҵ, һЩûٽţܶںڰֹ˵Ҫǻ˵, ҸŰีģ˲ǽʲô, ·Сｻ
ľ֣ôһֱ˵, Ӧ˵ú, ͳ, ںڰƺҲЩĴչ, Ҫı, һȳ˺, ǲ˵
СҪƨɣֶˡ
һձŻͻңܲζĵֶӽƽǸԲͷԲԵƽͷСкˣͷĻߣԵúôúý̵ҲãཱུģòԼӣԭŻӣڻҷ˰꣬ûˡ
һһʱֺֻޣ¶ģҪӸõ㡣
һ󣬻ˣſڴ˯ˣ˯֮ǰŽ˵С˯ˣ˯ŵʱ㲻ܰҺ͵ܵͻү̼
ͷ˯ɣͣǶءġ
Ҽ˯ˣſ棬Ÿˣา֪ڳʲô衣
һý˯ӡ
̳ĵһҹȥˡ
ʱ򣬻ͻûг˿͵̳ȥ˲ǳԾ˯һչ꣬һĿھ˯ֱϣҪ³ˡ
ǵһλˣСʱʱȳϹصǣӣһҰһ˳
ûϴˣڻվ˸˼ңëǮǶˮϴ裬ҩϴͷԼҲûϴһ黻·һˬֻˡ
һǺܼ򵥣Žˮȥˮװˮвٲϴ軻·
ϴ裬һųȥЩӣȵĻһĸҪϳˡ
˶࣬ҶŶӣϳӣûһںͷԼֱһ֪Լԭôı
վǸŦվ˳˶࣬ͷ濴ᶼˡ
ò˳Ӳռǵλӣü۵˼һŮ˴ӳţΪ۸һգȻڵװ˯ôжۡ
İӷ££ǰмСӣٲλӣҾͽгԱˡ
˻ǲۡ
˵𳵾ջܶˣŶο߻ӣҲǣҲǣǡ
һҴӺͷ˹һκͻ󣬶λϵ˵㲻ͱҲ
ôֱ׳ˣһ˾Ӳǲۡ
һ֣СƵģ˸һ˫̶СˣӴӴŵҽУ˵һ˵ֱˣҪǮ
ҲûţǣӣгԱռλã
гԱֿȺ߹˽Ḷ́˵ĽźͳƱ̶һ٣һվƱģܵռŮ˺ӵλã˼𣿡ְһڳᣬĳǰͷڣǵվƱλˣ
ͷԵ˻ظгԱˣһýĺͺ£Լȥװˮ
ʻҹ˵Ѿ쵽׶ˣߡ
ø۵һʱʱҪվߣӻɣ޲֣óԳԸ˯˯棬ûǲ̫ࡣ
쵽һվʱ򣬻һҺͽ˵ʱȽϽֻһСʱϴȥˣվڵȳ
ĵͷ滹ҹ
Ҫˣ
ԡһұס˵۹⣬Լ˸սվ̨ϼ棬˵˵ߡ
ôһˣսȫһ顣Ļּ
ս...һͣһ£Ƚ⣬һҪġ
ĴͷϣܻһҵİĦãҴŻԱߵǣ
Ҳáһ룬ˣȷʵ̫ʺӼ
վĴźӣһһ˳ҸյطţվСվԽԽ١
һ󣬻һһһȦߵһ䣬Ͷڵϵһ˵վ֣ྴȻͶڵ˵
˽гˣ֮ˣǳˣֻһСƤǺõģֻ۾쳣ֻģģһ߸ǰϸڵıҪˡ
Ҳ֪Լϵ˺£컹ñӣΧ˿鲼Ϊ˵סһ̺ۡ
Լֵĺȥԡ˰ѽűƤƵһҸǰʲôûУҲﳤĶˡ
һԭܾ˲ˣǲǿˣֽҲˣ
Դӳ˻ݺĺԱľرǿң˼Ҷ࿴һҪǾܾǾǿ
һֻýӹ˸ŷ⣺Ǵǰֵܵ⡣
ƿҪǵǮǾǿҡ
ǲǳˣһ
˵ͷǰճССŮڻȸСè̶٣СץָͲţǻϲģ־ÿ࣬ôиݵİ֣治֪ô
ֵǵ⣬ǵģˣѿһֱӰŷ˵´ܾ
ĴСԶԶǣ˵ʲôֻȥĶſ˯ˣҲۣﻹźȹˮƿ
һСʱܿ쵽ˣ𳵽վһҺͽĶվ
Ҳǰ˼ȴҿ˽һɩӣͳŻһһ˻֣ǵøдţ
ſ˰ڰڵֻ¶Ҳǳ˵İ̺ۣŴĿģѹֻһҲӹȥ
һҰٴΰϳȥͳ˾ָ𣬻صߣĿǴӶʲô
ֵĶһ˵
˼ﻹкӰɣææһǹҲ˼һһءȥ
һֳ³ǹˣɩӸģûȥ͡
𳵿˹¶Ƶվվ̨ϳǻ֣һҲ֣Щˡ
֪һ鲻ãûιӣ˲࣬ڱ棬߳ȥ
һһ˺þãŻ
óձͷԵ㶫ˡ
ǸǳˣǰϣǷˣʮſڲݴͶ˸棬Ϊ˲¶Сӣһֱſţ˺þã̧ȥʱֶյòˡһҺͽ˵սѡ
ϣƣ¼ģЩӢۡ
ԭǶСüĿ㣬˺ܻڿ죬Ҷϲ˺ͻϼũһ¸ʮǮˣû˺飬Ǵӵǣͷ£ʹǼ˽˻飬Ȣ˸߰Ůˣǰ˵ĸӡ
һҵƽƽǸСӳˣһμֵߣұûߣ
סһҵ֣һҲ֡
Ǽսѣÿ궼һǮĹȥפزԶдü˵ȥܾˣӦңҶ⡣һ룬ųҲƵĳѣͳǰսѣơ
Դ˻ϼҺ󣬾һֱԸˣϹڼţʹǰǸЦֵСˡ
Ĳ֪Ҫ˵ʲôԺƽ21ͣʱѾûдģս߾żĦǿҲûĸطսֻдӵӺܿһָѥɦͬ𶯡
ֱʶһңᵽսĲпᣬսˣ˻ţÿһÿһȷеػţʱɳþãʹجʼհ档
˵ˣǻһҲСС˿ڣһ䣬͵øСġ
̫ƽʢѪ֮ɵġ


48 
𳵹׶, ߣͣСվϳ³, һεʱ, ֻʣһĿǽڳϡ
һʱ, ͻһû˯, ڸڵλС棬ѧ࣬ѽսĹ£ȱظҽֽҲ֪ܲ, ุͣ, ӦǺϵġ
ĿŻңֿǾ֣ôһôܽ, һ
ǡõԷʱ䣬ľóһ, ҽڻбɣ˵, ɡ
һץɷŽ, ǳ, Цģڽ϶ȥ, ظ˵бɡ, ɡһһֵؽ
һҲע⵽˵һĴ;, ȫ෴üǰġ
һԳԱɺˮ⼸һֱԸ˸СݣһʹһʹͿޣ͹ˮ;ĸվʱ˵ˮгС飬ҷųˣȥڻиӡӡ
ʱŽڶܵ˵ú棬ͱɱɽиͣ
һУҾ͸ˣﻹűɣ½ĵϥǣ浽һ𣬵һصıмΣͷЩмֻ취һûҿڡ
˭֪ţͻȻͣ£ſǿҿ
ԭͻһ˵һԲϹȥסң˳ؿڣĺ󱳣һңˮ
һҼææһ¿ˮݵߣҿȵÿ޳ǣˮɿޣڿȸͣ
ļٺٿϵİɣҭסˣҺѧ־Ըʱѧķ˼ȷ»ңϷѹʮӣҾ³һεıɡ
³ҵ˳ˣȿˮԿ޼䣬һ壬㲻ˡ
һҺͽѾųһˣллأٲԶʱ뿪Լߡ
һҶڵϣ۰ͰͿǼһҹȥԵı
ҿˣҪıؽĵ֣裬
ĽӲرסСͻġ衱֪룬û׼õһ衱ΪҲὲкüλɹһ᲻ЩϵϰϾûвһ˵
һҲˣڳۿһ۽ģĲҿӦҵǾ䡰衱ֻǱס˳ı˯һ˯
˯ţİߣһ£һԱߵ档
һ£ΧûˣͳԼװǮĴӣƱûʣţǮҲֻʣʮǮڵڶϾܵפˣϣʳ
ĿǮǰ쿴㻹һٶ࣬ôֻʣôˣҲǿˣһʡ
һ˵Ǹ˴ǮҸһٿ顣ⲻǴ£ûͽ˵
Ŀ˿һңҳȸȷ磬С˯һͷ㲻𣿡
ʲôһҲ⣬̧ͷ
Ǯ¡ı鲻̫ãǷޣ˸ﻨǮĻѣǲҪһͬȽϺã
һñֱɫ࣬Ϊʲôʣ漰Ҳл˵ǸսѵǮΪڻǲű˵ģÿ궼Ǯܲ
֪ǴǮǲԸΪԭһӸһٿ飬ҲСǮǲҪһ£ĺսأҲһ٣
һһֱߣԸûǿȡǾж١
ĵͷ»飬ϣǰ˵һ
һʼղĵĹעٽһζеʧΪ᲻һ
֪ÿ궼ҪһǮ۵սѣֻҪһͺܣ˵ֻ˴󷽣ԼС
Ŀóϲ//ǮǼ˵ûҪֻϣôǮ֮ǰ˵һ
һҲЩսѣȥռҪλãû취Щ
Ĳ죬ͲһһҰǮЩ䵭غͽ˵Ըô
ҲԡĺϣҪ
˵֮ͷأһҲûã˵ԼǮҪͽ
Ǿ취㲻ҲĲ⣬µǲ⡣
һұס϶ɢһֵͳϢ
ᶼܳŤͷһֹͣϵߣЩ־ؿĴˣκδ±ע⵽Ƶġ
ԭٺͻһ缸䣬ʱȴѹȥ¶һЦڸĻ֣һѰСͷסͷˣ
ֻǵͷϵСҲҽҵصͷ̧ۿģֿһź
ʱ˵һ㣬㣬Ҳ᲻Ҫͻң¡Ľʾ֭ذеС͵ܵߵʱᳳ𣿡
ͷһˣոǽܻΪûһֺͺˡ
ԣҺҲᣬǲߣ...룬͵ǾǻԡߡвһĿ
͵ܴܵܺǲǺܿͺͺˣӿ̫ˣϲĻã°ѻɸηӣһƻۻǰ㣬ƵûôľŤתӣǲܴӦġ
ֵͷҲܵܵġС˵Ҳܴܡ
˵öԣҲܡĵ˻һһۣŮ㶮¡
ҿȥ𣿡ҵõһ϶Ĵ𸴾ͰˣҪȥԱߵĿߡ
ȥɡİ£ǲܵźӵ泳ܣԼҲʼŴ⡣
ͻһҵĻʼ̫æˣһʼ౻ԷļҪһ𣬺кöҪĥϵĵطɣһлһҵ˵˭˭˫ҪһмöɣǶҪ취ôȥޡ
һʼһΪĻԵһ£⼸տҲȷʵǸĳˣԺǧģ˵޾ϸҲΪ
ΪʲôЩҪ£ȴô⣬Ϊʲôܿһ뷨أһҲܣʼղΪԼдҲý̫Խˡ
Ƕ֮䣬ֿǸ˲ʵĳĬ
ҹ˯ˣòУ̫õӲſѾ˯ˣһҲţںڰп
ļۣ߹ȥϣؿڣָһ
һһʼ˫޶ԣ˻űסŮˣֻǲ⡣
ΪʲôһǮ㱨ǮȴҪ֪ȥ򣿡̧ͷ°͡
һҲ˵Ĭˡ
һ¹ʶ٣
һʮǮƱҵƱĲѾˡ
ˡһҪսѴǮ
һһ飺̶żģҲҪһЩ
ÿ˶һ٣
ǣǴһ⡣һԽԽ᲻ûȣ˱ԽýֱǼǰˡ
壬ҲԵġֻһͳһʴǮҾҪ֪ôõġפزһйһĿֻһԺҪһʮǮһθһ٣»ظٺأؿڡ
ҲͻҵһֱЩӪݻûȫǽҪעǵĽ濴ҽϸ棬Ŀ֧ʱʱҪԵõģžǮ
һһû⣬ֻҪڲӣÿ¶йʵ֣ˣ¸»ҲûƻȥˣպͷǮ͸ɴһ٣
...һˡ
֪ΪʲôҪ𣿡һڣ¸µĹʲôʱܵʣʮǮȥפأҪǮ𣿡
Ȼǣһѿڶ°Ħĵļϣڵͷҿǲܡ
˵Ҳû˵ģʱףﳤ̸Ǯǿʼĵһ
˱˺þã׶ԷȻſϣʹǿ˯һ¡
һδߣšѵͷЩң־úһŮ˸ǮҪ˿۶٣ϸظΪҪιӣƽʵĸоҹܵȫͬ
ʲôǮӣ˫鰮Щģ
һҹ֮䣬ǽ˻εĻһңҲûһȫȻʵĴ𰸣ɿſ˯ŵĽģͷȥķţھԼûô¶ˡ


49 
ڶ, 𳵿һĵؽ磬ƣҰǧ, ƬƬ, ûоͷĵɴ, Ŀ, Щ۾ųһУϧûӦðƬɫ¼΢΢Цʱ̬Ǻƽ͡
һվ, ˿ͷ, ԤƻаСʱ͵վˡ
İӵЬӴãʰ׼³ʻһңⲻյվɣ
һҡͷ, ŵյվǲǺĵط
վ, ǸСվһ绯İ׵׺ľƹڿտСվվ̨ϣдţվ
˫˻, ֻ˵, Ŀȣ, 
һҵĴŽӷǴ̺, ȵ, Լһȳվ, ڶοֻ̺ӣһֱŻңͽ˵ȴ绰زӣþԱǣ廹һСʱĳ̡ϳԶٷ
ͷǣ˯ѵĻӼ켸ҹĻ𳵣ݲеƲ
Աģɩӣֽ˳Ҫϰ飬ͲһĿȥԷˡ
˸طԼϴˮƤ˲һЩһȥǼҲĹӪ˴ͰӣʳǱҪ࣬Ҳ
һڳһ棬¿ȥιſڣССڵس
ιѧԼÿõԷĺͻһ˵Ȼι¾ܰ˰סʲôɡ
һҲⲻǰ취ȥٽ
ӷֵķﻹҪʲô𣿡Űӣһ
ʲôУ򡣡һûŴڣ帽и˵ĵطǸ˵һСУϿȥˣƾûʲôˡ
ưأʣӻᷢ
һЩ£ǰڲӷóԣҪЩ£ͷ̵꣬࣬ȫ
һĿڳ˷˴źӣȥһͼһЩ̣Ƚðɡ
һңҪȥ跢籨ʾĶĴӦһ͵ñƽġ
籨߷Ǯһ֣ǰ컨һǮһֻʣʮǮʡ˲ҪĻֻһ䣺裬ƽ
һ״棬һЩۣƱǽĸģһЩ˵òǮҵġ
ĵûһҵı飬˵棬һȦϾȻһСӰԺһݣ泤ĽֵµĻҲͬһϣƹƣģССʵһжȫΧһȦƽݺύſŲ˺ӣССĳС
һҺͣкü˿ڶͣ˶£ȥĻ𳵻Ҫ߰ŵҪʲôҪʲôϰϣȥ̫Զˡ
ıʾףοﻹиĻվͨҲ˿ھ䡣
ϵĽֵطСһ˶·߳ԸɱˮľԱ
Ķ˼˼ҾõˣˮԱŻһңһҵͷǲŽӹˮ
СҺ͵ܵҲҪˮ˷˾ˡ
ұһұţֳſ˫֣裬
û취ֻýӹң˵һСûһȥƿˮ
Ա˼ӪŮɩӽСʲôʵĳƺȻ۵ĽɩӲ˼裬ɺôҲ裬ƺһȥֹЩɩǳ˵һˡ
ҼľγûһҺһںͷӣһ·϶ڹ۲ǵ״̬ǰѸճԵĶ³
һҰĽĵ֣·ƽһС£ġ
Ļǵģӿֵغˮһ⣬һ˵ͣûγļ
ľתͷų⣬죬̫ƬƽԭǷغ׵أз紵ʱɳɳ죬·żȲڷҲܵĵݣһЩư̮ľǽˢںţһ·ȥ˲࣬˵·ƺͳǳҲûг
һӳﵽũ壬ֱʾϣҪѪΰ£ìܣδũԼϰ
һ̣ʼԼľ
һҴſܣ˳ﻹоԱס֣ǲҪѵҲҪܣѡ˸ԶȺĿյط岻벿̫Զ͸Ųߡʵ·෴ĵطкü˿ںܶͣҲвȫص֪ÿũһʮǼգֵģ϶ˡ
ֻ¶һ΢ЦҪһʱ䣬ԼȰԼ
ԭڻһϣм䣬ڽĵֱϣССʱ
ϲ𣿡ͷתԼעСʱǶСģ
ϲȻϲ
ΪʲôĵǺˡ
Һ͵ܵץԲأǻܺԶǰ棬ϲ
ܵϲ𣿡İѻűϲ𣿡
ɻֻҽУ㵸ģشģͻϵĶ
Сͷǽ·һƬɫտũ׳ֺһ㣬ԵϣԼϲ
һСʱȻһ˵ֻһ£ȫƽأһ·ƽ̹
ʱǴһ塱ӣһۻ淢ֲи·ڿԽȥ
һҷֵķ߰˷ӵĳ̣ǵʱǡôҶ˯ͷ̫ƽʱһźöˣڶûڣֻа׻̫ΨһһƬˮϣΧмŸߴͶһƬӰ
ԶԶֻһķӣеƽеƺ߷ÿӶ˸Ժӣżĸƽļ壬е԰
;ԱֱӰ͵˷ſڣԱ³æŻһҾҪȥ黹ˡ
ԱϣǸƽͷСӣҲǲӸһľԱͽ˵ɩӣӪҪûգʲô£ԷԸȥ졣
ҡͷĿǰûУǸһǣˡ
һҳͷСϽǹлɩӣǸɩӻͦġ
һóСϸսԿףǰţǿţƿʱ򣬡֨һᣬ̶
ǰͷȽȥˡ
ָһҵϾɵĻ߷ݶǸΣ㣬һ¥һã֨ѽľ¥ݲõ࣬˵Ƕ¥˵Ǹ¥¥ľţûѾһЩѣĿһ۾ˣṳ̂ȥҲûͻȥе߳רҧ
һ¥һ⣬ֻһ󷿼ãС䲻̫С̫һ֪ʲôʱˮѾʪó̦ˡ
ǿҲ󣬿ϧûڵƵ˶캮ղ
ˮ۵ģҪڲá
ԺǰпĿյأӲݣĸտ˼ƺˡ
ϴ跿ԭľͷģͷһùζ䳤һСĢ
һ¥˯˵Ĵ󷿼˸ľӣһ״ľһ˵ǲӸļҾߣĲһһ̶ĳľͷһֲǹӻǴӸˡ
ӵµطһʼЩڴߣӵнṹͿʼ˱ֹ϶¥ĸ¥ԺӲݶǸȶһСƬ
ĳ̾һ£ŷӶûУŻһҿЦʰһ£Ȼ϶ûط˯
ֻȣſڵڳԱĿյϣһѴ󷿼Ĵ¹ɹɹ̫
һҵھ֣ųˮͰǼҵľͰˮŻһԭ˸ıĵĨѴ¹ȫ˸飬ŻЩζôûôˡ
ǿյģԼ׼ûһҸϽҵطϯӣĸʱ׼˴ҳá
һȰѽĸ׼´ЬǮð«έ֯ϯӣȥʡ
ĸ˳ߴ磬˿ֵС˳·ûвˣһ㣬á
һȥˣŽɨѰѷͳɨһ飬ϵɨɾˣǽϻһЩĲɫˮӡȥˣеǽƤ¶ǽڴ鲻ʯͷ
վڿſڣ̫ķ򣬻ãϵķӣģҲ䵽һ⣬Ҫά֣Ҫĵ
ҹ̫ɹ̫áİ˽нַǵ߸档
һѲϵͷʣСס


50 
Сһͷ˺, ݡһŵܣĺЦ, ǵСͷ, ôһֱ䵨Сˣ
һҳȥ, û, ǰŵģǣС߹ȥţſվһλ˼ңϻŸ˯ŵС
Ŀ˼, Ӳ, ΢΢ձͷڰӣ˲ϴ÷׸ɾ·ϵƤ, ЦҲһƣЩһ, ɤŴ󣬵飬Ķ˼ΪĺøС
˼ȿĿڣСϱɣ
ĵͷ, ս, н, Сͺá
úúãС, ӭ㰡, ԺǾھˡ˼Це, ˵ɤŲС̧̧ϵСӺͷݹһӸժˣܲͲˣһӶǣǵһæŪӣԼֵĲˣȥԡ
æ˫ֽӹ˼ҽ
˼ҲûھӴž⣬źӽţҷ֣ұսСǶ֣ӣҾסԺӶŵͷ
Ľ˾֣ӣ˵ͬڣҲս𡣡˵ǽĸС䡣
Ӵǿˡˣ֣ЦķɣھָϤ˵㡣
֣һ̫ϵ˼ңΪӵһֱפϱҪϰ࣬æӣȻ֣ӵ˵ڻ̫ﻮժء
̡֣˸ط֣ӵĶ£ûҽˡ
֣ӽ⿪ϵİѺͷ˯ŮڻһӣССǰͷӰɣ
ЩڣһٻפҲܣͷ
֣ӵҲû˵ʲôԭӵҼһءʱСûַӣǾסڴǶ̽׼¥кüϱźӶסǶ˵ͼϱܣס˲ʮˡ
ĵǲ֪£ǱϾԭ£ʲôͶ֣ЦЦҸʲôڰ˸ˣڼҲûк˵ıӲ
⵱ڣһһˣһϯӣһµ´ɸҹһЩͺľ̿˾ˮġ
֣ӣһҽһͽ˵Ƕ֣ųĸףסСԺͷǺܽ
˵Ѿʶˣȥһϯ̯·մˮɣ̫¡
һǰǽ̵ķͺ̿ŵˮѽģˮ
ھߣȻϾСҿӸסúӿߣһӦˡ
֣ӵŮˣһ壬ֺˣ֣ӰڵϣûҴվһҽķ˵ȥ׵ʱӻͦõģСȥˣ˴꣬ˡţȥǽæ
˵ã֣ȴܿȥˣһֻˣ˫ֻһ˫ɾɵףкذǰԺӲݶˡ
ͻҼ֣̰βݣҲȥ棬סˣ²гӣָ֣ӵŮԲԲ˵ãֻ·û˺棬޵ġ
ͻڸոճϴõ棬ԲԲС·С˶С
ٹһ󣬽˵ûһžͱƿˣˡ
һʹЩͣɫڣִŴϻһϸϸĵƤŶ̿䣬̤һ˫ûкĽЬһͰų¡
һЩ΢΢¡𣬻ˣҲһӰܲʹײˣСϴøɸɾҶϻմˮžˮʡ
Ĳʶǻһҽеˡ
ʹǸסǺͷڸŵİɩӡ
ģǻһҵһİˣ˳ǳסڴڵľ¥ɩӴŵġ
ĺǴк˵ʵڲ˼Ҳյûʲôкġֽӳ˽ˡ
ɩӴֵӣһʮϲУٿøƵģ̼ղǸյ컹ҾͿһš
˳С࿴ҲȽĴ󣬸ɩӺͷԼɷ˾ЩнĿɩӣӪɩֵĲˣù軨׷ˡ
˵˵Ҫæӣĺ˼鷳˼ң֣ȥˡ
ɩȴ˵СյפصˣҶæģǸʱҲɩӰǣԺˣҲҪȥˡ
˵ҲȽĻش𣬾;ԳţûһԼͰɾľˮŲɨѣȥɨķ϶䡣
Ŷӵ˳ɩӴɨѣɨԺҶͳ
һҺŮ˵̫ڣڽһȥùľͷϴ跿
Ŀ˿ڼԼæɩӣ־ãסҲ̫
ɩӺܿˣͽһϴѹȥŲѧôȴβݵ֣ӸֹˣСڼҵ𣬵ҸʱϵסҪ·ү뵽ңܿġ
˵ϣϰ׺ձ飬ڱأǾúΪַ⽨ΪѾֹˡ
˭֪ɩӺ˳ͷ˼ҵĻ˼˵öԡ
ֻ÷»У̶̫ˡҶһ
˶˵ãӳأֿٰǰԺĲȫεѳһѣɩӽЩɹɣʱԵá
ߴߴѡʽӣ֣ܻؼһֱ־ɵʹһҺͽĵФǰѿӶһߵӣҲ
Ķ֣Ĵָӻʶ֣͵˼ң඼ʶֵġ
֣һƵЦɷ򣬽ǰǸѡµӵģҲѧһ͡
Ц֣Ǹɰ˼ҡ
ǽڳͷͷŪС֣պǱ飬ȥ˸С񣬾ʽڳˣȽһ١
˳һиŰƽʯͷǸ֣ӵСŵýǽվá
˳ЦЦӣô󣬸ɵҲô
ӲݰˣԺӹͺͺģɩӾ˵գͷѵسɣͿڼˣҸõ֡ˮأʲô˶ֻһĿڳԵġ
лǣӴһЩزǴȥԡ
ɩ˽ĵزԼ˼ͰˮѾˣ˵ֻȥһСãͰŻңˮСҼﵣ
ЭķѾСˣ˻ש̦Ͷ¥С¥ûûˣҲ׼һŪ꣬ɡ
֣ӱŮԲԲҵȻȥˣСҪʲôͺһá
ɩӺ˳Ҳ˵Ҫȥˡ
ǲ֪θлλֻһֱ΢˵ллͳţԸ㷹˼ҾǾ֮ͣ˽ĵزĻ˼һ٣׷׾ܾ
һŴϴ跿߳ͷϺ϶ǻҳ·ζҲš
ˣһŸľͰװͰӲӹ׼ൽӱȥ
ˣȺȿˮİˮݵߣڱǡó
һ⻰һҸſ˫ҪȥЦȥأˮϴ衣
һԿţ棬ΪʲôҪС
ѧŻһ̽ǰȥ׻ңСȥһѱסңȣͷƿ㣬˷Žҧһڡ
ɨʱ죬ԺǱźӵˣֶ°ѻó˵ˣԺӲָܳܳߡ
¶һЦſҪıһûˣ裬
ıְ£ԼҲǱˡ
һֱ֣ΪʲôԻҽ裬ӦǸиԵĺӣɻҽ裬˿ûҲӰպСǸֺӣ벻ͨͷȥɻˡ
һһ󣬰ϴ跿ˮûζˡ
ȥˮһĿϴ˸ˮ裬óĸ׷ۣϴ֣Ӵˣÿ˵嵭ߡ
ǰ˰ɹĴ¹طϯӺͱϴĺһˡ
ϴ룬İ֣˵Ļһҽˣһûľͺá
̫ˣھ˯
𴲺ţҲ㡣һýϢԼȥҪĶ׼ãӸ
ţֻг٣ȫ޳żļҵ躰ӻؼ˯·ʱ侲ֹˡ
ͻѾ˯˲˯ˣǱϣռ˰Ŵ
һҰǵưںãͷ£ģͷȥú͵ƻ
İۣҪˣˣﻹûеơ


51 
ڶ, ӵ𴲺ˣһŽǵһۣ, ѾԼļ, һ, Զ
źӻ˯, ҵϴĶٰѽĽ
Щˣ𴲣űȥڶ壬һźһ, Ĳſҵſ, 𴲡
һұŲԸ۵Ľģúȥ﷢ıȺӻ
ǿ, ˸ĹǷʼ, һ˵аСʱ͵ߵˡ
˿ϴҲŪ
һ, ڵ֣ںСС, ߵ, ǵջ𣡡ߴԶΧ˶ˡ
ĿЦ, ھӻĳ, Լʱ, ԼҲԺǽһ䣺ӣ֪ˣ
󣬾俩ЦҲ֪ļҵھӡ
ߵ㣬һҺܿڳ˻𣬰ˮ֮󣬽Ļһߣ̫鷳ˣĸҲ֣˵Բˡ
ûӵӣڳԵ緹һ˵ŵ֮ǰҪȻزӰ칫ұʦίųٿţ緹ǰַӻӣȥڹǩ֣֮ǰ
Ӧˣ۾ָֺ죬ӣҲֱ˯Ҫͷˡ
ȥʱ򣬼ǵðϡȥ
ι˻ҰߺͼˣķͲˣǣСشȥûһ˯ˣһЦЦϴˣȥӪͰˮļװϾñһŵͷϣزӱȥˡ
벿·̣һһ˿첽ߣСʱߵˣͷ˺ѽ׼زóָսǳԡ
һҶͷ˾ΰųθߴǱӣȻһҴ߰꣬ЩϳɣϸΪ˻һһ֡
ΰȥԼ￴ӱѵһ칫ſڣܸˣ¾ñСӻˣҲˣ
һҳ񣺡ųһƿ챾صվƣҰϼҵز
Ӵ°˻ͦ쵼񡣡ΰһ첻ˣӹһҵվƣƽʱûİãصҾǰھƣϻȥͿˣ
һͷЦΪȢϱѾȤüˡ
ȥ٣ʦҦίᡣų֪һҪ㱨æԼģ֪ʲô£˵³ʦˣСĵ㣬ײǹˡ
ǣųһٴΰž
һųֵµӪӦ㱨ƫƫһ·Ƚϡ棬Ŀս˽½³ʦһʦ磬ӽʵ͵ȼҲʣűʣֻҪճԽųһҾɵĳ³ʦҦί֪Ͳ
ΪųĿ³ʦһʼŻѻһҷֵµġ
һȥϣԼλϵ˺һ󣬵³ʦľԱԱһҾһһ£ӵһɾ䣺Ӫ³ʦҪᣬ׼ʱ칫һ㱨
һһ˸񣺡ǣ
Աߺ󣬻һ룬һ˻㱨ûĹȥ˹ַܷͼҾߵĺڣҪӺӣǩļţų˵һȥ
ȥʱ򣬽ѾˣĿԺӣпտҲΣҪһ¼ҵģöĶɨɨ
ſʱ򣬽һΪ˴̿ŷģ߹ȥõӣô
ʦڿᣬҾȰЩӻԹ緹ȥһߵһͷѾñ£طϴ¹ϡ
İӵӲһ飬ЩۼǱ˺öľɶ
ΣóֽʣʼдҪճƷдһţøһңЩ𣿡
ÿðλɩӺùġ
һҿ˿һЩĶǹҪиˮĺҪô𣿡Ϊһܴˡ
šֱۣźӶˣӱôֲڣҲЩ
ġһҾϲʱмСжȫõȥǴ°ĳʦÿ춼Ὺȥ˻һίǰæùȥ򡣡
Ǯʮ𣿡ҪȥǮ
򡣡һҰֽ...мսҽǮȥһա
ۣס˶ٳȥ
ȡһתƻ⣬ɽ˫۾Σһٶࡣ
һٶǶ٣ĲŲŹ
һپʮ...١һҲȻüľˣҶսѣҲ˼ȥҪǮ
ȥջٴšҪǲȥջҾʹȥǰޣ˵ǼûǮˣ
һæ֣вУսǰʲôӿԣֺ彭ģȥ
ľͰǮԺͳĺģҲң
һҵͷǣ׳ġѵ컬ࡣ
ٴҪǮջͷŹˣҽøдţĵַңҺø߰ʹСǡ
һҸд˸ַʵԱ굥ŻŷţҪžͽסǻŻͳһϣʵԱַٸšСĶҲʵԱæģľ͵ȥϡ
ŻȥҪð̫Զˣ𳵾Ѿʮˣοż
ʮʮ졣һҲʵԱ
аɣ粻ɻдţľˡ
һĿڳԹ緹˯һ
һҿӻ˯ͺͽһ󣬲ǹ߻𣬻ǽİƿģЦԱߣ¡
ȣһҹŰӣѹڽϣ̫ĥˣʲôʱܳһ
ı׵촽죬ſϣҿҩֻʣһˣûɢȥҪҪҽٿ
˵ջࡣһͷϰ𣿡ϰط
ĿЦһŬϰߵġ
ֽžͱҧ˺üֺǳҧģͿҲûȥ
ģ...ġһ§ڻ֪ŵΪ֪ԼܲһְܴܲŽĻسʱ쵰ҿ
Ҳ֪Լ쵰һ߼ϣȥҧ°ͣĿǰ̫֣ҿԽܡǡԺҪʱʱ̰̿ѼҷϣĶ⣬ִܶʧꡣ
죬ûһ֮ǰɾ˵ȥΪִʧ˸µ顣
Ҳ㣬ûкӵǣңҪǸʧ£ŻƱ졣
ûЦػҪģҶӺãҲΪϲ㣬ݼڣҪǳڲڣǶҲãҶǵĺջأ׼λɡ
һұһۻں˯ӣֿĽģ鸴ӣģôô˵أôֱףôпᣡ
Žã˵£
Լ룬ôƽⲿӵͼӵĹ㲥ʱ䵽ˣȥϰɡ
һ̵شЬ£˵ԺţҪҡ
ſ˫ۣǿӲȴίɫƵģһҲ̣ýģĻҼסˡ
ס˻ҪȥĻر˵һңҿϲˣǧʧ
֪ˡһĻ־׽һ顣
ʱҲӵĺŽˣ۾ԱһŮСҪ򡣡
л˵
׹֡


52 
һ·ȥϰ, ·ϻųӪҽУ˵ҪһȾ, Ҹʱ, һЦŴӦ, ϲ, ȷʵúȾơ
쵽ʱ򣬻һһǷʮǮӪ£ȥ˵Ҫӣʮˣ, ս, ӶˣҲ...
˵ˣҲӱܣЦЦһ, ȢϱˣҪǮˡ
˺ٺЦ, еΣ˵ϸùȥͷûôǮ
һСʱȥ³ʦҦί㱨, һҰǼǮսѶһ, ٿǮҪʮ, ʣµĶ˵߹е»ȥ֪ôĽ
Żеʱ, һȥ°˰æ, ʮǮͼƱ, ִҴȥ³ʦİ칫ҡ
棡һһ˿̧־
һңɡ³ʦڰ칫ͷȿڲ裬֡
³ʦ³иͲʮǸǹϵζԶŵ칫и̻Ҹףװͷ˿̵Ͱָǰûһҹ
ʮͷȴͷ׷ҦҦί³ʦ棬Ҧί˹ģǰྩѧıҵñϣЦŴȤ˵㰮˺ͺӶˣ
ҦίǶˡһվñֱñӼм䣬ϴŵЦ⡣
°ɣ˻黹ëͷСƵġ³ʦ£ֻþԱţȥվſڣ˽ˡ
ǣԱ̤ȥˣɵشš
һ£ֱһѾñϰںã˫ƽϥϣĿǰ
˵˵صղôģ³ʦ
ʦ24ŵ׷ղ⵽һӱ...һҾͰһֲ©ؽˣڼ³ʦҦί⣬Ҳһˡ
³ʦҦίֱֻ֪Ӹ𣬵ʱҪʦɸȥϱߣǼվѡ˻һҹȥϾǺͶ԰йأھҲȥģֻҪ漰ͨУ쳣УǾЩ֪ȥͺãľѡԲ֪
Ҧίֹ̧Ҫ˵Ļһңһңղ£͸һ䣬Ѿɣ㣬ö˭Ҫ𡣡
һ޶ӳڻϺ˵Ļ˵£룬ͰѽļʱҲ˵˳
Ǳ߻һֺܺõ޶ӳ˵...һԭ£Ŷһ³ʦҦίѡһһʮ˵˳޶ӳ˵ղɱҪϱģѡϱ͵ץɱҲ׷˵Ρġ
³ʦҦί࿴˶ԷһֿۣһңѻһҺëˣĸڳ˴
ţȻƽ˵Ѿ˽Ҧίļ硣
³ʦüʣ޶ӳ㿴ҹʱ۾ǲرЦЦƶø߸ݵģ
ԣ˫۾ͲһҶ޶ӳӡر˫ҹƺҪ⣬ҲܾûõĶˡ
޳ɣ³ʦһվܼ˸̣תͷָָһңһҰһңСǸܺػ
һЩҲġ
³ʦЦ򣺡𲻷Ǹ޶ӳԭ̵ʱҼأֺãǹ׼ɱУд£ܵͷءǸ¹š
޳ɣҦίҲѣʱַ׼ҵӵǸ
ԣ³ʦ˵ļһұźûһΪѾ...ԭȥ鱨ˡ
ϧ...³ʦƺип²˵ҦίҲ̾˿
һᣬǴӣСûвʦίϧʲô
ϧ׳ͷġҦί߻һңҸ嵨ҲԼ
һҳĬԭǱ׶ľǰ֮ԻʦΪ׳ͷȷʵ³ʦ˵޶ӳһͷģ̫ϧˡ
޳ˣֱϧţǸ֯ƹöˡһңײˣղɱ˻㱨ܾûô˳ˡҦί޳ιˣ󲿷ֶ˾мӣ˵޶ӳ׺ݣȴǸԵˡ
³ʦҲȷʵ³çˡһץô࣬Ҳ֪ĸվġ
һǸټֳҲ˵ˣ᲻˵ȥģ
ȷ³ʦҡͷҲ֪ǽִ񣬲ܶʡ
ڻǸչӳҷ籨ȥˣһûκβ׵ĵطҦί̸ǸǷ鷳ĹӣһңͲҪȥˣСʻ괬
зâǿ԰ݵģҪע߶ȡ³ʦҲ׳ԷŹ˳⣬ŻһҾЩĳղ˾Ǹʱը˵Ҳãһ˰ˡ
һҵͷԭ밴ƻץģ˵Ǿˣɱкãˡ
ҲǾˣɱˣ˴˹ⳡ˶ѩء߽ʱƽԭƽѵҲ𵱳ĺ飬ɱеķ߿׷ٵ˳ɹʱĳɾ͸УһҺղ뷨ɡ⡱һ֮ˣ뷨̫Σˣ̧һ磬ղ⡰óԸ
ҦίվЩɸ֣һң㲻ô룡׳³ʦĸѪľ˳ĸûϹսսпᣬʧİգ㿴սԹλܿܣͷԹġղѡӪ˾ǰˣԸľ͸÷䣡
˾ŵۣսлˮ㣬ĻΪտǣղôƫũϵͷˣֶλеģȥɶ԰߷ˣǸը
޶ӳǴ׷ղߺܾˣò׵ȵȴΪһʱ
Ҧίӿ˺ü¡
³ʦºȿˮҦҿһҲ£ղȷʵ޳ɵĹ˵鷳ҲܰصȫղϣղϾֻǸУ㲻ϴ㡣Ҫ˵ҵ鷳ҲãǱߵ϶׳һϵ
һұ˵ͷ̧ˣôӣͷ͵øСϱƵġ
Ҧί޻˵ǿҪһд˹ʧ֣ֻ³ʦͺãʶԼĴ
³ʦȸ׳׳һױһǺͷģʦܣ˹ϵУҲûһҴӦддҿ֮յ
һӦ£ǣ
˵Щ飬ε㱨һˡ
ʦίһҿͷ˾ҲѹͣҼǰһѣʱ׳ܹ꣬׳Ķ˵׳Ŀǰڴ
³ʦ̶ˣ̻Ҹϸ˵
һҡͷֻ֪ڴϢûˡ
ҦίһƣеüĿˣһʼǶΪǰȥˣԭڴ
Ҧǰȥʡʱʣȥ׶ڴĸط³ʦֿܼܿ⼸Զ׶ȦӣϢľȷȴǰǱ
һңϢɿ𣿡³ʦʡ
а˳ɵĿŶȡսȫɢȥ鱨ְû޶ӳߣҿҲԼϢԴƺ޶ӳͷҲз磬޶ӳҵġһ̴ͷд֣˵ĴϢ·ڶߣҲ֪û˳ҽԺ
³ʦҦίŻһҵ˵ȷϾ˭վ׳ͷģ˭бܰ׳ȥ˻Ǿ£ʱҴ𰸣ܱ¶ֻܵȡ
λ쵼ֹͣ˵һ˵һˣйʯʯֳ
ƺĲӺܸȤҺüأ˭ֵµıһҰƼ˵һ飬ᵽͽĽʱʯֳ˴˺Ҳ࣬ǮãһЩ֪ͻҲѺˣ׼Ͻ
ʯǣֺϤ³ʦ°ַͣˣһ̣˼
Ҧίûʲôӡҡҡͷô˵ģ
˵ίµıҵųһҶʯֳ˵Ļ٣ȻҰ³ʦĴ˵ȥ
һҸ˵仰³ʦĴˣʯǣǲǳͷޣЦһģ
ԡһʯֳĳ࣬ͷԲɲǸշƵĵģʦ֪
֪֪³ʦ̣ô֪Ц
ѽʮǰһڶͷʱʶģʱǶʮСӣԲƼݣû⣬ͳһ󸻴ģˣ³ʦһЦ֪㲻ΣҷԴ˭˭վӣøƵġСǸԣһٷȢ̫̫ŶӳԷҪͷĶӳû뵽ǻϷ
ʯϼҾڳϣ磬Ÿӣͷиɩɩ꣬Եö࣬ʮͰϳţűⵣһƣʱͷʶȾƴţı͸⼸ˣϷһ·ܵ˷ϵŽµջϵͶϽͳ˹յʯǣձͶ֮ûã֪ʲôܵͷȥ
ʱиĿͷǣ˵ִǸ˵ŷʮԵ˴٣ҪϼȥɩÿٺҸ׳ȥϣڶҾûټˡ
³ʦԭҲǷϵµһСӳ׳ϴձˣսɣ˶ǰ׳ᵽΣգ³ʦϼҶݷ
һ˳ȥջ١˵ʱĹˣ³ʦҲûôˣʯӣǿӪϡİɣ㵱ųʦ˵ܸӸʽƣŪС쵼
һҺգʯֳﻹֹ˾
ҦίҲЦȷʵ˼Ҫʲô˼ҲҪʲôǮˣǻԵ
ӴõӰ𣿡һ
Ҳ㲻ϣ˾ǰʹϵһаذû⡣³ʦǲ֣ż飬֮顣
˵깤ֿʼ˵顣
ϱΣ³ʦʻһңҲùĹʦܵļͥ
һЦһڰ۾ܺá⡣
³ʦҦίЦ
ϱˣҲˣܶˣ顣
л˵
ǣףڿ֣Բ˳á


53 
һһ㱨깤, ͳȥĺӰ컧ˣǵĻڶҪǨ
ʱؼңںͷ, Ǯ, ֹʮ, һյʮ, ҿջض٣ôͽнˣе½ĵĽ
ȥ··ؼҵ³и³ʦԱ߻žԱ
³ʦþԱ߿Լͻһ˵˻
Ҫ׳ʵ, ׻괺, 밲ȥһˣ̽̽ʵ³ʦͻһ
һ罭Ķ˵Ļ̫ãЩԥ, û̴ӦʣҪȥã
ȥ, ȷĶͻͼ³ʦû׼ʮ졣
һŴӦ, ȸĴԤ롣
԰, 㶼ǲԥ, ô£ȥã³ʦ, дġ
һ治ɫ˵ʦ, Ϊҽ, ǸҶ䣬̫á
³ʦ䡰Ҷ䡱ҭסֱûۿһҵĹƼߣϽؼȥͷˣ
һЦų񣺡ʦټһȥˡҰ˽˺óԣʱɩҳԷ
³иҲЦˣϽ߰ɡ
ǶԻһϱֺģǰûôЦ
ȥ·ϣһƵڵļ¥ͷоɩڵ㶫һëǮˣͼ㣬û˾ٱ΢ġͶѡҵˣú͵ƺһ͡
ŵſڣѾð̣ﻹк׷ֵ㣬ˤˡ
һҿţĴӳﻹһûϴˣЦſˡ
Ц̻ƽĿеļҡ
һҾҪʲôҪάסҡ
һˣú͵ơһҸڽĺͷӲע⣬һڣҲϺˡ˵ͳһɫĻڲ
򿪣һҳҳȥĳ˽ģֿӵϢ
ѽաûһٿһۻڵһҳҪ
һûйյľ飬¸ûиСʱ˵գܳһܸ˸üˡ
м죬Ǻú롣ϴòˣ˦˦ϵˮأʲôʱգ
һҷԼҳд³ӡ
ˣٸ򡣡һװˣ׼
һȴ˵ⲻա˵ҵʱӣˣȥͱ̥ҡ
üµʣʮң
һң첻֪˵졣
ϲ𣿡
С޿޲ɡ
ЦҲ֪Ǿ죬ʮһţͬˡ
һ⣺ãôˣ
ȥͰˮ󣬻һȰǼʮǮó˵Լպãûٹʣһ΢΢ɿǵǮջ
Թ컹ûڣⶼ˰ݣ֣ģȥȥùҹﻹó档
һϴʱˣʮǮ˵Ȼһ֣ͷʣµĹٻͽĴ˸к
һѰݣŵϴ跿ȥҲˡ
½°ʮ࣬Ӳ߲ûʲôɫһ۾ˣӣ׼۶
һҽǮ㻹һ֣תͰǮġ
Ա߿ֶͰǮţЩζһңҲã
⻰Ͳ̫ˣ˼ҲãͲǮˣʱû˺øС
¿ɫߴߴ˵ͣȤһҴ˻ϴ룬Ȣɶãһҵܣˣǽָܲʹɻ
ߺ󣬽ľֱ˵ˣͬ£ûзִС
ͬ£սѡһҰźã˺л񣬰ú͵Ƶ˾黰࣬Ǯ¿ñȽء
ûǿ̫ˣýĸĻ˵ָ©һͷţ
ǸʵԱˣţҲ˵ƵҪʮܵת˻⣬ҪҪҲӷǱȥţ˵㵽ˣ
ҲһҵˣԵٲ⣬ҲĹذҪǶϾǲܵģ뱣סƽ͵ӣ͵þǿ̫ˡ
һҰú͵ƷŸߣöĺӰɡ
ÿκ͵дţһһؾҪǮҪƱλȥӱٹ˹أƽͷ˵
ѵӰİζ˶ӣ续ǵóûһҿһҾյƻƵú͵ƣһſĻĶСԺɿֲһЩֽһЩϸڵķͼҾߣһ̫Ķˮʻ˳
Ҫһ¡ĳŻӵͼָָֽؽһ·ӡ
ؽӣһθߣһǡ
ʲôѽûҼ棬˽
...ǲӵģһשһ߶ǹҵģǿסҶһ֪ʱЩö֮֮
ⷿҲưˣһҲᷴ԰ɣĸָָϴ跿©磬Ƴʲôˡ
ǣô˵ؽ...ǲ̫ɫˣһΪѣֵֵķӣҲû˭ؽһ
ǾͰؽĻ˸˵ǰ߷ݶƵһذ壬¥ڶ¥䣬͸ͷĶƽһ
ͷĶƽֻ³ʦҦίʣµǷָһЩųίģһҲһˮȳģܲԽʦίǶλ
ȴԸãȷЩͷԵģǻԼǮֲҵǮ
һԴˣӳҪǮҪҳʦҪ򱨸ÿھӶٻָָһ£ִ£ôģ벻ͨ
ؽӣҪס꣬Ǿĺ÷ӿסʱ䣬ǾһֱסʵķӡĿһҵĲ⣬첻ͣȰҶ滮ˣ¥˵ң󷿼С麢ǡ
һ¥Ҳˣ˴󷿼䣬СְֳסˣǾ͸ǡ
һң㲻иķ𣿡ͻȻؿڻһգգ۾ҧŻһҡ
ķ䣬һŴ󴲣һ˿ڿˮϾͶҡˣУĵĻ̫ջˣ
ϴ䲢ŵķʪǾ񷿣¯͸̴һĶջ¥ϵķ
סķ䣬п˾Ϳסһ¥İͼһ㽲һ
꽭ĵĻһҾĶˣôһһģȷʵҪ࣬ӷ룬ܼ˶ıůԿĺӾͲһˡ
ҵ롣һץץͷ⣬Ǹô⡣
ӳȥϤʱ򣬿ںи߼ӣҲ絽Ұɣ֪һѾʼˣûٱ˵ߵ¡
һҡ롱վĵҲ̫Ұˣؽӵ黹õ磬Ŀǰֻ³ʦҦίϵ磬˼Ҷú͵ƣǲӵõ磬
ľͷΪʲôӦô󣬲֪ĻΪҪǸ߼ܣ
𣿡ķ
УһҺ࣬ΪҪռӵıˡ
ȥ쵼ǻǮߣÿ½ѣܲĵûʲô£һ˾漰ӣߡ
һҶסǲΪѣǸ壬һһ˶ԼĹƶȣ̫ͷƲȥ
ľյú͵ƣд˳һҪõשˮӲϣһû
һҼûŤͷͷдֵӣֽϵ֣üĶĶǲЩˣ
ĵز˾ʱڽشһµʱ䣬Ӱɹ˶һƤͼУһЩĶѧˡ
ٿú͵Ʋ¿۾ûһұڿ
һһûסЩһп֪Ҫộ˭鷳뱻סͷҲûôɹҲɻ䵱ͷ
ŻϣҲҪϧСäֲʶһ֣ſڻһߣȥֽһҰסͷ
һңҪסһŮˣܵû˼ȥȡһõĿܣֲб֮¡ʼղֵİˣʶûʣ;ð첻Щ£ǲ̫ˣ
ģ...̫Ϊˣ뵽ɣʱҲûôǮð졣
һǽڣĲܣȥϵҸҸûˮʦǮĻһһ룬Ʊ취
һЩܣҪ÷ӣעĿǽĲ⣬һͷա


54 
ͻȻñŤ, ûô˵˯ˡ
ڶһҪţĿһۣ˵õ, ǰҪһ, ȥӲر˱̫ϵĽ, ͷ, ȷʵûؽֵַӵй涨˭ס˭άջʱúͷֵʱһһЩ, , ȥҪǴĵά޵ʲô򡣡
ĻĹĵģûһعԼĺģƿ, Ҳǣӽˡ
һҳź, ֣ӱԲԲˣԱ߻Ÿ΢ĺӣĴŮ֣, ͷϡ, ֣ӸǱ, ӾҪ꼶ˣ̺ͷ, һӸհε, ıġ
Ŀǽ, ĸһ棬öͻõķպöˣСһ𣬲ûݶ
֣ҽܣѺͷɩҲˣͳ˸ר
һˮкǣʱŷͷȻһŷ⣬Ǵ罭ӺʹɩǮƱ͵͵Ǵ춹ŷװʮǮһƱӻдһСֽСãò˾ƱһŴ
ǸŷСֽֿЦϽҵˣԽҲֵˣôù¼ҹʮ֪ļͥů˸飬ǰһֱڸ裬ڵһֱջ񣬺ܲһĸд
֣Ӻɩڶ棬ĸǵˮ
˳ôûʣϾһ죬λӵģΪƽûһ˵
˺磬꣬һĶȥ˹ϵϻʱȥæƽʱ¥ͷ˺ٹġɩӼĲףҪҪ˵˵еŵ
֣ʹɶ˵ɶǲҴţСǶǾˣÿ춼ѵǽǵģŮٽǣŮ֮䣬Ҳˡ
Ŷĺ棬˽һǺõġ
йûŮʶֺͲʶֵŮĺŮ¥ȺӵĺסСԺɩӰѻȥָͷٸġɡ
֣Ӳ䣺ֹʦίųӪŮ죬סͷסͷģ
ô۽磬֪˵ĵطнһССļ壬еŮǡȻֵôϸ£طôЩ
أܲҲôְɣĻͷ˵ĻңЩ۸˶״СǷЩ
ǲ֣ҲǷִӺСԼ淨СͶһ𣬲ļҵĺӣһȥðɩӵѾˣСʱճҲСĺһ档
Ǿͺáŷģ漴ʣôɩôһ𣿡
ɩȻ˵ڰɴ࣬ȴҲ̫ҳȥļҵŮ죬ͽ˵ˣʵҲûôӣƽﻹͦģ֮㶫кС£Ҿ㲻
֣ӺɩӣλһģЦʣȻֵϸܵиӪ
֣ӳ˲˰ߵһӣҲЩ۲Сϱ֣ʹˣϲŮǺھӴţ˭˵Ҿͺ˭ã˭˵
ܻ˵ظ˸Ĵָ
ɩӵЩ˼Ծµġʶ֡ûһԱ
ЦָһԣסСԺġ¸ҵġ
ɩȥĽģ˵Цˡ
Сǳģʶ֣סġ֣ӺȿˮãǲйģϰŮˣǱǿ׶ǳ쿪ġ
ЦĬ
˵й׬ǮŮȷʵе
ҾϣƤϹƤһˣɶҲˡ֣ӿúܿǹӣ֮䣬ʲôŵȣʲôԹ˭Ҳָ˭ӡ
ԽԽϲ֣˼ңǰ֣һ뿪Ҳ͵òȥˣû꣬͸İӡ
Сϴ跿ȷʵ̫ˣСϢʱɽһǼľ壬гĴҲǣôҲûأɩվɨһǵСԺСһȥĻҹǺʱڣһȥ
⻰ǰѽĵʸˣɩӣҵķӷֵֵʱҲһưӲݣû𣿡
֣Ǽң֣Ӫ֣ȵסһ֣࣬ǺͷģʼķΣ֪
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֣Ҳڻһ֮ǰиӪȰᵽһȥȥҲǼôưܣ񲿶Ӻڸûǵһ쵽磬֣ӵ˶ڣҲûλ˭
˰ѻ˵࿴ˣҲ̫˵ˣɩӸ˸Ȼȥˣ֣ҲĥĥرԲԲ׼ߡ
С飬úС˵˵֣Լ飬Բӵһ֪⣬ӺͶϱԷʱ˵һ˵һҲϣû취ʵĽ飬ȷʵýޣطһǾǴ̹ǵ䡣
ĵͷ֪ˣҾͺ˵˵׼֣ӳš
ͻѾʶȤŨؼңľ£Ҳ·ľ룬Ƕɡ
֣ӸɴҲˣԲԲغͻ档
һһؼҳԷչͽ˵˳̨֣ӺɩӵĻ˵ˡ
˵ǵĺڲӦҪά÷ٷɳȥġʲôʱǩֽյģʡ
һһ죬Ұӻ֮ǰ
ǺڵҲûɸ˹ǩˣԽ˵ԽòԾ
һɫѿҾǹһˡ
鷳ô̵ֺķ£ҲģƵس˶ٷ
ĳпգϤΧӳȥˣ˼ҵķӣǩʱķʹ׶·һͷ˳ָ˸ѩ
ǣǰߣѩСƵġ
öţܣܹԹԴţ⼸Ҳûͽ˱ˣ˱ԭҪʻһЩ
Сǻȥͷ𣿡ָָڵļ¥Ҽǵס
뷴ҲûȥǾȥִŲȥˡ
¥һƽóһûУ¥˺ܶС䣬˵һĸ֣һסҲڣǾͺܱˡ
¥ھҶ¥ˮſƽߵˮϴ裬ԶӬɵĹéޣһڷĹ֪ͨſм˾һƣ˵
Ŀֹǰˡ
浽סļ¥Ҳûʲô˼Լһë̶ͷŽĵ֣Сǻȥɡ
ǶѲӬ׷ĲȣһѱңŻߵ÷ɿ졣
صңϴϴŻָǣոȥ¥¡
......
һҿ°ʱǰˣȥ˲һ𵽼ȥӣĥ˺þòŵ˸š
˼ֻнĺͻڣһ˯
Ǹˣ˵ʦĺڸ߰ˣȻһ缸̬Ⱥ䵭ĸˮҲģǸСԺһȦӪˣҪʲô𣿡
һ˵˵ÿַӵĵһ죬ζҪû󵱳ǩ֣ɽ...
û˵꣬ͱδˣӪǳˣǰͻȻģҲ֪˲ϼ޲޵ġ˵εʱ˼㷿û⣬˵ûлǩ֣ôͷֲˣҪⶼڻһˡ
һҾҷ˵籨زӣҲþԱ߹㣬Ҳûš
һײӣÿ쿴ö籨ļǷҪǱѹҲ֡㶼ǩˣڻڣǾͺ˵ȥ
Ĺ۲һͻȻðһ䣺һң𣿻ǲڸ㴩СЬ
⻰һκͻһңǸ޵ıסҲ̫ˣʻҲ̫¶ˣ
һһסģ
Ӫ¼ƢСκһôǸŮˣ˵ʲô죬ûأ
˵ԣ˵ľͲˣһŻվǰҲû˵һסͻޡϴѾƳûһҵ...
Ҳûļ鷳ԼǩˣͷǺĲǡһδϻһҵĻǩֵ˵ûꡣ
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ĹǱȫʦ˵Ȳżȷǩ֣ӲˮǳݣĹòλȻָ¶࣬ҿǵ̫ңˣ
δûôӵľǸŮˣָĹһڣֲúһŮ˶ųǽʱûأЩھΧڿ֣Σŭ
ôñӣҲĳеֱĪеָ𣡡һ˦תߡ
׷ȥ첻ˣһٱŵݵʦȥ˵ʬλز͡壬쵼
һæס̫嶯ҲǴ£˺͹µֵ̫
ӡ䡱һת֡
Ĳ£ҴԿ˵Ұ˻һֿ϶ãԲ˶ߣҴңҾ͸ⱲӶ׷һӾٱ
ͷ˵˵ǲҪŮˣ⻹ǹҸɲ⻹Ǿ
ΰƷ£ָָŽģɫǺ죬ĺӣȻҶô˵
İһۣûţ֣ǽԼԺӣھҲסԺӶࡣǵĳûУǻģϴǼľΧġλûסˣԩԼעάǲס죡
ʱҪȺڵˣ
һûȺлɩӣɩӾͷҲҿĵ۾
֣Ҳڣǰ޽ɣŮھ˵ʱطƣССŪŪɣЩõĵطָҿ


55 
һҵСԺµ, һһߣǡõ˴°ʱ֣ͷвٴװҲվûؼ, ڴӪʲô¶, 費Ҫæ
αĹȥ, ²̨, Ļһظ߹һأո֪ߵغŮһƣ̫˿ˣŮʶ֣һٱŵȥ, ʦҪ, ܲͱĴ£վĹûеλǲռġ
ûôҽݣԺվ, һڷ˯
ǽȱ, ǣ֣۾һһĿԺӵĴǣЩ, ֺЩֵ档
, ô׼ô£ûһҰѻ, ıԼܹȥŲΡ
κݵһ, û˸, ÿ˶иڴ򽻵ʱ, һЩʺ˼Ϊ˰·㣬мֿ˸ֱӣǸŮˣһоֲ֣ԸԼд
˿Ա߱ŸŮĻһңһתߵӪüҷ簡ûˣȻøŮͷ
һҲһŭɫ˵һʼԼˣֳٿǾľͷԴˡ
㲻תƻ⡣Ҿһ䣬ˣдʦȥĲûһҿڣĳ˳һڣȻй˼ɣǵ˵Ļ˵ɡ
βͿŻһңָŻһҳ˵仰
ֵĬʱŽޱȣһһһĬɽһ죬ûм֮
ҲǳصģóһǩֵŵӣŵĵǰˣǻӪǩ֣ǩֻ뷴ڣռҵıˣû£
ĳŵӣɨۣزٺͬоô򵥵ǩֵӶ˵ֱͬˮָŻһǸǩһһ֣дűҪǩ֣Ǻ˭ǩˣά޼ﻹţΣ˭д˭ǩˣ൥һʽݻøǹдڣȱһҪأֻҪͲܹ鵵Ż˭
һ֣˭֪ǲոдȥģûּľ˵Ϲ˳ְŵպãŵ㶵ˣЧͬ˭ûȥҿҲ飬պӸˣ㻹һһģһģȥʦɣ
̣ûǩֵӣֲöȥڴôŮ˾ʹţ
ڵӣʱΪ˽һСӶҪд趫ĶǲӵˣһΣŽȥĶ϶ᱻúðٹ黹һ࣬һǩ֣ͻʾ˹ģڲĬϵĹϰߡ
ûǩֺЩϺ£ȻҪǺܶܰһҳֽ˳Ͳˣ˼ָĶǩĶĻҧĽֵļ
ĵΪڲοɲ鷳
㣡һѪӿˣȥŮֵʦȥ˿ʲôӣο˭֪һ³ʦ԰ˣܰԼ͵̨ϣ׸
ǹҵĴ£ǻҪооͲǣ
סߵĲΣ־öˣооԣֻȵ硣
۵ӦǣӦҲǣ
ΣҲ֪Щֲϰ࣬ѵʱԽ⣬ҪңҾʹȥʦſţʲôʱҽˣҾʲôʱˣҲмܲסġ
˵ζ仰ʹǸһֱ֨ļˡ
İԺھǶͳȥﻹţллλھһҺԩˣҲ˲ôģʦҪ飬ɵλھʵʵ˵ѽ
λδ߳ԶĵĺŰҽţˤڵأûô񶾵Ůˣ
ˣھҲ½ͷߣſվżװҲ½ؼˣҶ˵ӪҵϱͺȻʶֵģӵļöǲǿæϼдŰ
»УЩģһϱôҲû취ȥǾʮǮһѪӵǮھһ»ҪҪˣ
Ҳ˵εΪʲôҪԻӪصģ˵˵˸һǲ²⣬˭˵ǶóһʶӪϱСģҲǸǵǺöЩ
֣ͷǣŮЦؿŽģŮ˾ǵеͷ
İ֣ӵĿ佱ӣˡ
֣ӻЦɶҲûġ
֣ͳȥ׼ţֿͰɾˮɩӼͰ룬ѻһҽгˮȥ
ɩӲǻɴ಻ɹͷⲻȥֻôϸڴˣ˽ʱĶ˵ҪܵͣɩӴ˿̵ã󻹵üھء
˶ˣ͵󷹵ʱ򣬻һСݵؿŽģߵ͸ƽʱĻһճˡ
ѾԹˣٳˣ˫һⶼûУ͵Сݵòÿ취ǽһ㡣
СʲôʱȥޣҲҪȥҿɻˣұȵܻܵޣˣ۾罭˵Ҫͻȥʦſţȥ棡
ĿЦã㵱ǺģмΪˣҪΪ˸Ǽָ˵ЩԴСӱ˵¶ȥ
ʲôʱܱɴˣЩȲ볤ôҲʹ˳ܣСһ
ѧѧд֣ѧǶ죬ѧ˱ӻԼᣬɴ˺ܽˡ˿˵һЩöĵ
붮벻С˵͵ܵȥʦſޣСͲƭ¶˵ҲУǾֻȥˣҡҡԴܳȥ͸õĻˡ
һװһ徻͸ˬľˮͽ˵ҿ⾮ˮˣٷһ죬ˡ
ĵͷջ˵ε£Ͳûй𣿡
һʮͶ룬˵֣ûС
ͬУཻߣֲսʱҪݣʵڽࡣ
ʲôӣε̬ȣһٶ˵Ļ
һҰѻͻȻ뵽һ£ְʱûеְֱΪְġʱڴӪһӪҪļἶҡ
Ҳ֪˭˵һ䣬ӪͲκЩݹϵһұϾ뿪ĸˣЩϸڻǵٻ䡣
ֵľˣͬһʦӲɻϵ𣿡
һ룺ҲƸ׵ĹϵһξߵúֵܽơþԱٴӪʦ̫ˣЩĥӣµҲʦİžǲţ͵תҵȥ
㻹֪ЩЦ
͵ġһҴսĵĶߣʦίڿᣬͷǣֹңųҲˣһʦǹġ
ԲξΪ㶥ֵܵλãӲǱӣ۾۾ģЮ˽İѻһƿ
˵һҾˣְλҵùƽʦû˽ģų˵һȥĶȹְ
һʼһ»һҵܸɣ漴ϵİ̺ۣ·ҿ
һ϶ǾţﻹǳҲ̫Ұˣ...̫ûɽ·...
Ĵ˼ŷӦմ۵Ҫȥ˵ʲôҪĸ˺ۻȹ
һ΢΢ʧΪҪڳϷڴһ¡
û·˵Ǵεûˣǻ˺ܴʱ;ģϸҲ˵֪Ϳˡ
ĲţԼ֣ʱʰ㣡
һҿˣӣ̲סӱסģС䣺á
Ҳãߦȣ㲻ҾҪߦȴ㡣ĶŻһҵǣ䶼ˡ
Ƥ򡣡һЩ첻ߣҶ˶޿ɶ㡣
δˣҪǻûؼңͽϼھӣǲġһѾõ֪˰ڲ۸̲סԿˡ
̫۸ˣķ߷ߣ̲סͷһ»һңĻȵ¯ԺǼһһ㲻˵Ļ˵Ҳö
һͷܵ˷ͬĵȤ


56 
ڻһҺͽķ޶˶Լķֹ, ϽĴ˯˵࣬һҪȥѵѸ緹, ѽһױһߡ
, ϴ, Իһµ緹, ϴϴ£̻ɨأ̻ÿӺ͵żǳ䲻ŵĶ裬һ, ʹһȥͷǸм, ߹ȥʮӣ·ƽܵġ
콭Ÿӣèĺ, мͷȥ
мǸһģϴ˱, ֯˺͸ʳƷܼªش˼ӣ˵ҲӵĶԱ, ҪԴǼľǡ
ԭм˶, ũƷ, żˣǳŽ, ⡣
ĵʱ, 粻, ²еĸ߷ڣüľɩڣһЦЦк
мʶˣԶԶָŽģûǾǻӪȢϱһȸӵ˶̡ܸ
˵߳ҴžˤһӣȥƢأ
˭ûߵģ󣬻
ӪҲ֣ôȢľϱһҲƤӶҲ֪ڼҵð
ɲǣȢϱҿţǻӪ
ĴСˣ˿֪ԼѾ˼̸ʣսһΪĻʶֵĺ
СҪ⣡ıܺãҪʲôҪʲôǳĺϲ㡣
֮£ҾͲ˵㣬Ӱ˵İ嶼ţֻðʲôɻֻѧһһֵ£裬⡣
аɣǾͳ⣬еƱĽĴ˶ţ⡣
տʼʱ򣬽ĻΪһԵ⣬˭֪Ĳ̴˵ɣʮиݳס˲ţĶ࣬ķ١
̴һ ģϲЦò˵λɩİɣţʱУһļǲȱģѩʹ컯ѩʱȱҶӲˣԴײ˾СҪǲˣȥϸһ㡣
ʱˤˣܳԵأ̴͵͵߽ģⲻԼĳˡ
ĶԲ̴ı飬ÿһµط͵˴ý淨֮һĲ̴ͳյزĵĸˡ
̴Ĵӳţ˲ע⣬һС飺ɩӣӳݣ⣬ȵ̣׳ʵЩù
ЦŴӦˣǶţŵӣûͻҽв̰̣˵õСϣ׼ؼˡ
һתסǰͷһɩӣɩӼһԣСˡǲģϽȥơ
룬ҲҪȥ飬Ͱӽйȥ
ſڵʱ˴žװվſڣһļһףǵһЩͷ˽Ļ죺ô£֪Ҳڼҵţ
ĺĸҲǰԼʱ䣬˭֪Ҫ㵱׳ɣҪڼҵ㣬ûǣںôĹ
ֻ˵һ䱧ԹĻ͵һķˣһɫ죬ָָѹ˼˵Ǹӣ
˼˭˵⻰ҳҵʣҪû˵ҵ˺ͣͳԿ뿪ţһ⻰תͷȥʲôˣ˵һŮ˵ĲǣʲôϢ
鳤˵ˣ鷿ݵġѾʶĵո鳤һֹˣ˭֪鳤ô죡
鳤ĺǾ仰һҭҲٶ˵ʲô˵Ǹġ˵ŮСġûϢһֻúڿںؽ˻һҵСԺ̬ǲģרҵҲͽĴűͳߴ磬ϸ¼̶ȣҵڸϴֵĽġ
λͬ־ˣŴǻɡϴ跿´ĻûӪϴϵǾ˹ؽ鳤ϿڣֻһһԽ˵
ùǼ¼ŵӣ˼⣬Ҫòϣõ֣ҪܵؽҪã޾ϸʵ鳤ͼ˺úŪ
ڣȷʱļһʽݣҾǩ֡İѱݸ鳤
鳤ֻðսĵҪ󣬰˵ĻŤŤдȥдݳĿû⣬űǩˣһݸ鳤һԼš
òװⶼˣ鳤ҲСƽˣºȱˮ
ɩӣ㶮Ļ治١鳤һ䡣
Ҳ˸Сѣԭ飬֪һЩ
ôǿź±׷Ҳɩ󷽣ˮкǡ
ȣҲǼλһˣˡЦֽ̧ӹòغ塣
ˣٸһˮһû˺֮䣬ʱ򲻾ôʶ
ɩӣһ¡鳤ñͷĺڰģ˵ǩֱǰæûȥ˵ǩֵӡ
ЦЦָˮ鳤Уǳװˣŵ˫ַ
鳤޿һ߿࣬˵ԼҲǲεµˣҪõýɩӰæ̧̧֡
ֲû쵼쵼첻ɵ¶ֻΪѣ鳤λͬ־Ȼȥɣǲøǵġǻȥ˵ǽǸӲԸã˳ȥҪĻԼá
鳤ģɩӸո࣬ɩӼ£˵˫ֺʮŽģɩǸˣЩС
鳤ͼô˵ĶΪֻһҪ󣬰ãӾͻȥ
鳤ͼֻ㬵뿪ˣź鳤пҲˣûôѲľ㻹˵˼һһǶ߼Ҫ󶼺ܷ
ˣͿʼţ֣Ӹķѣ׼ţ棬ѧ桢ߦ棬Ҳϸһ״ֳ󣬺ڻҸӸŮûһģʳү˵óԣĹ
ջ˵ǰæһСսѣüëˣŵýİϸûˣϽȥˡ
һһʱĸհӰںãȥϴ׼緹
Էʱĺ˵鳤£һһ¾͹ӣ¿ӣ˵ˣ
𼤶˵Ӯ𣿡İţѵ࣬Ե⡣
ϴ跿Ҫؽдһ룬Ͻ°ãӾˡСϷĽĵһڱɵӣ˵ٴҲΪ
ã֪ˡһҴڳ棬°ĳʦϻĶ͹һ¡
ĵͷѻ˺ͷѳ꣬ʳ
ŻһҸö̵ĿӣСֲЭسСԵǣĻûһҵ·˸ΧΧҲ֭ΣԵԼ֣ιͺá
˵Ʒݶ¥¶㿼ǵôĲģ˱һҡ
һҰֲ꣬죬һ£˸ɾӸһҽӹЦľǽ
д룬ȥʺǱߡһһǱ˵ˣЩԥҪɲǲöǮԼˣҵʱҪߵĻҲܴߣӡ
ȴвҪǮƱõΧˮʦأмǮʵĻǾ͸öˡʱ˿̵ĽޱȻԴӣǮУܸ˽˷ŴһҾʿͻ
˯ǰǻһҺӵʱ⣬һſڴϣϣ
Ҫˣһ˫ֺϥǳźã׼ڴ϶
֣㣡ӣҲЦģſڻһұϣˤȥ
ͷϴ룬ﴫЦԼҲЦ̫ܴպܸߣӺƽȣһȫͬĿǰ˵̫⡣


57 
ҦôҲ벻, ί֮꣬ܵȵؽҷӵ顣
һŽдŲϵ, Լ˳ί, еķӴһΡǷ, 漰Ǯƾ˽˳, ռӱˣҲò˹
޺úʹȨǾסڼУ뿪ǹȨͷȨǹ鲿, ҲļҾߡ仰ǽĽ˵ġ
Ķֱ̫Ǹ, ̸¡
ôʻͦءҦίѧҧĽֵУǵһ ԸԼǮ޹ҵķӣڲ, һҿȻȥ, ¶С֯ÿ
˿һҵĵӣԵһ䣺һҵֵԽдԽ, 
Ұдġһֱͦ, һ
Ŷû뵽, ϱдһֺ֡Ҧί˿ۣе, ҿⵥϵĶͦ, ƻѶ, ƱҲʱӦ㣬ȥܼۣǼҪޣٿ¡
һд˲ϵĵӣҦί񣺡鷳ˡ
鷳ǰֻûһƲȥɣˣȥ㰮˺ú˵Ϊ޷ӵӳܡҦΪίöеĴСڣµľǵڷìܣͷˣ³˼ҷ޳ܵ¶ͰǰƣԼԶˡ
һҳҦίİ칫ң˺һС쵼ŵæһѣǸС쵼ˮʣһһӪשͷ͵󳵣ˮͰ׽٣ҦίͷͬˣͲ˾УҲÿשڲֽ࣬Ʒ⣬Ҫʦ۸Ʊֻࡣ
Ӫô޷ӣ˵ؽҲΪˣ㰡С쵼Ȱһңѩˣڡ
һҿɲҰ仰ȥظģʱҲ͸˼ֽĵӣΪǶԼͶԼģǰ·᫣һҪȥɣʮͷţҲľġ
ʵ˵ʱҲͦ;ġ
˵ܵİɣҵԼͷءһС쵼ļ硣
ֽİϰʮˮ࣬һٰ׽Ԥٳͷ...С쵼ҲӦһңҸﱨһǧٶǮٰʮƱ
˵꿴ŻһңϿʲôС쵼Ҳ˵ˡĵ¼鳤˼鴦ô鳤ֻһ䣺ɩǸþѻӪ¶ˡ
˭֪һ治ɫֻ֪ˣллˡ
С쵼ûӪӹÿడڲҹͣصұŮôڲս뻨ôһԩǮ
һҽ쵽ӣ½յʻΪƤ¶ʣǮˣиĶʮ˵¸·˹ʾͻ
Ƿ򸾵Ȼ벻ĵķȻЧ˵СǮһҾͶ˵һ뵽һǧٿǮٰʮƱʮµĵĹʣƱԶԶģϻҪȥ˵˵
ˣȰؽϴ跿дˣһд˼֣óдһԱȣ̲סпԼдĹѿ
......
˯󣬽Ĺ۲쾮ˮȷܲܺȣͽϾ֣æۡ
֣ӴŷԲԲڽϯϣǺͻҴۿ˿ͷžˮýøװһˮĸͷٿûɳͳӣûоˡ
л֣ӣԼҪǺǿһ֣ûҽ̫ơ
̫֣Ҳ£ؼǧЬ׹׸룬һ߾͹ȥˣһԣŪ춼ûɹһΣֻóԼֱ֣ӹЦϱ־С˼ҵġ
ӣһ˫ЬҸһǮǼĿ˶һ˫ͷУ𣿡ľǱȥսˣ֣ǴߵģûʮĹ
˵ǮͼˣҪͰѲͷžɲЬĻ죬ˣĺǮ÷Ⱳ˵顣
ķһЩһõĿ·֣ãǲǮ;Ǽҡ
һͷ˺ɩӣڼ𣿽ɩӣ
Ĵţǽļ˰ЩľС
ɩӣǳŵϣĵܵʮҹһװáᶫߵһͷ¶þˮϴ֣˵ȡ
ĸǼˮлǳȥˡ
ֹһɩˣûˣҲûţʹųͷͼӣ֣ӴŮڣƺЩΪ飬ˣ֣Ӳ䲻Ӧˡ
žǿͣοɩûİӭ˱ˮɩӣųͷҪȥĶ̫Ҳ̫ˣЪˣȥɡ
ҾǿԺô춼ûңţҪҪˮţһֵˡɩӻǵһ ʱǸ鰮ӣȴĺ⡣
ɩӿˣһûʲôءʲô֣İĳͷһԣ£ο̫Ҳǳصʱ򡣡
ǰײˣָ콷ԭһɩӸġɩӶЩ䣬ֵúܣӵˮܿͳˡ
ɩЩнˣʵû£һУ﷭ȥô¶ľͶţǼ⣬ʵ̫أһʱҲЩסˣ֪Ҫô
֣ӳŴΣҪ˵͸ðǸСְֽôôʣһŮӣֵص¡
ɩͷ˵öԡ
ʵĺͽĽύģһǽĺסýǽĲЦĿһֱ׺͡
ϳϣ黹ǵȻһһ˵Ĳֲˡˡ
ָֻһЩ硣
ûãֽӴһˣ°ֶնСʦ⣬ѵá⡱͡͹⡱ݣ˵ǲǳʦš
ֵǸϱŵĴӷſڣǽɩӰɣӪĶȫˣ
Ϸ͹ǸǷ¹ӶóһҸĵӣݸģɩǻӪĲɹӣ۸Ʊдˡ
Ѹɨһۣһ£Ǯ𣿡
ԣëǮ͹ʦ˵ɩһ۾֪ˡ
ЦЦλļӼ㲻ɾͰ׻ˣƱ𣿡
ԭţǸԱ죬͸ˡֵĳʦ˵ЦرףǸɰֶӡ
ǵȻȥǮŵߣȻֻͷȱˮ𣿡
ɩӣһ͵ûȥ׼ϵķˣˡʦ֡
ǮԸѩ·иͷѩģ߹ȥͿˣһëǮһæɲܾܾġ
ʦЦǺǵͷ࿴һֵĽӹǮԽ˵ллɩӣȻȥͷҪʲôûӪǾͳɡ
СʦߺɩӹѶȫŵһһⴶ°˰»οССĶ˸ȫȥϲ䡣
ϻһһֳණİذڷźãͷӯŮǲˣװڳŽ
ʱͻȻȫ˽Ҫһʷݵ飬ʵУ˶Լط͹顣
ԹһҰܼ۸Ҧί˼˵ˡ
ԲҦίܵģĶǵܹ̫֯˽⡣
ǣǸСʦҦίκ쵼ιܵڲڣиܶġⲻܣԸ
Ǯ࣬ƱȽ鷳ЦһǧٿǮܰѷӽ21ĽζЦѣƱȷʵ鷳ܽ赽Ʊ𣿡
ʵԻһ˵ǮҲ鷳ͷֻһǮ¸·ʼһҲһʮ뽭˵һһ뻹Զء
Ǯ취Ʊ취ĿֿٰȥҸ˴ûнӵʦ·ݾũˣҾȥ˶
𼱣ľҪ飬ͻûһҲٶȣƱֻܽ裬һᾡȥ裬ǽһʱ䣬ǼҾûйҵƱˣ𣿡
Ӧû⡣ҲȷŷȰɡ
оǣҦί˵ҪټһЩ˿ᣬΪͷһ⣬ƻʦʱÿҲͬ⣬ǾͲܰ¶ַϰǿڻһҹġ
ӦõġҲ⣬Լ̫żˣ˳ڻϰߵҲ쵼ͬµķӦ˵֪ڹҲִ֧ͨġ
һʣֽ˵ˣ
˵ˡǻû壬ԱͰæ˱ֽÿ춼±ֽûͻһƪƪͨҳıָֽһƪͨѶ˵ЩϺͻеũѾͨˡ㿪ʱ򣬰ѱֽùȥǿ
һģ̲סգԴôģô
Ǻأ֡ǻء
ɻͻҶǣ·ѾϰȵΪ
л˵
գ˫һա
ף֣


58 
Уԭûȷ, ǷԻһ޷ӣ˵Ǽߵ顣
ɻӪ˵ûڹͨ, ֽҲˡ˵⻰һ, Ƚʦ, Ҫֹ֧ҽ蹤
³ʦҦίڻҵĳͷ, Σ˫ַڸǰۣڣ, ǰʮݡ
ǵô㣿ѵҪòӸ𣿡иӵ쵼ҲָԼ, ӪǸɫľˣܶ๱ף˵ǮҲܺ͹岻
ҵһͬ⣬, ҪôŪõ籾ͽ, ʱһҪͣ磬ϺĹõ硣Ҽԣκ⼸˶޳ɣ۾ֱҪ, ·һҷѾռ˾޴ı˰㡣
ԭһЩ¥Ͳ¥, ÿһǰװ˵, ˵ʮţյѵųǮ, ϸָҲ
ֵ֧ҲмΪûӪ, ԼҲߺÿµѶԼõ, ǾֱբӺ͸һͣˣ˷Ӽ
ԣҦίϻشݵļҲ˵øطԺľסߣӪҲΪ˸ƾס
ֺ֧ͷԵĶɣÿ˵ɶʮվסţΪҦίҪͶƱʱһ䣺ӴͷߵӪҪѶǮ
κһС鳤һ£ӽٰʮǮϲɳʮǮңƵõٿ飬⣬ҪƱô롣
ÿһٿǮߣÿµԪԤжٻ˼ԸǮҦίʣ˵ˣǣԸԸľ֡
ңҿ㣬е֣û˶Ѵַ£ʮԱûһԸǮģ˵ǾٿǱʾ޿
³ʦû׻һҺ«ʲôҩû۳飬֮ɢˡ
Ϊۻһұ˵飬Ϊ˱ӣû롣
һҵ˰칫ңһϵΣܹһң㻨ٿǮǣ߰Ʊ룬ҪʦҦίء
һҲû뵽ô󣬼ϷӵķޣһĹʾʹȥˣʱҲЩ
˻³ʦľԱȥʦ칫ңһҴϾñȥˡ
һң³ʦ֡
ʦҦίųΰڡ
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ΰųǸֱˣʦί֪ҵģֻҪӪӰ첿ѵúôڲӺ֯飬ôҶû
һңôһǮ㻨ȥϵĻЩ©ųҲ֪£ֻһԽȥҦίЩ²ܣҲԸܣȥģһ㶼ʹ죡
ǰһңǮɲС¡ϱҪģ³ʦ֪ǳĹﵽ˵ƣԭҲǿµġ
Ľ顣һǰλὭģææһ䣬Ǿ֧ģ
šҦίûһ򶨣Һ³ʦ֪ǵ˼붯û˼
еֻΪģǾҪʱ䷢չ
һһٱ֤ģΪ˸ƾסҲǷҪӽҪ¶ǰĺ˵Ȼ޷Ӽ򵥣̫ˣԤӻȴ޷ӵ顣
Ȼ
Ҧίˣ޷ӵ飬ǿޣ㼴տɿʼǸ㣬ԼЭãӰ칤ߵ£ڻûۣҹƺͷٿһ¡
Ͽʱ˵Ӫ޷ӣ˱ſЦ̬˾ǶԲкô¸ͬ⣬˾ûһɵһҾȻٸƱͨ飬˷ԡ
һһ۵ǮƱһüЦȻǮ࣬ȡһȥͽҲ˽
صңһȥһҾͰǵ˳˵ύõؽӲϵֻǺܡ
˷ܵòˣһڣ
ͻҲչҪףѾͷСԴҲ
һҳ棬ͷ̫ûȥԭ콭͵ѵظЩԸ㡣
غͻһҽûֹˣ軨һҺЦֲȥһѧģģ
͸ɵС˼
Ͱװ˾ˮǰͷһҾͿȣ˽ĳͷȥɣ˳ץ˼棬һŤŤ嶯ֵļƤ񣬱׷ԺܣЦԺӡ
سɣٰɩӺ֣ӸĲȥώһˮ£˸Ӵϵʪࣺһңܳ𣿡
ô죬Ҫ졣һƬϽˮͷҪˮ죬϶ܳˡһһеũģȽĶЩʶ
ãҼǵˡĹɵøСѧƵĵͷְѻסôˮҡ
סˣӦСһȣײӵĵؾͶ˼ӡæǹʳƶˣϧܵҡ
³ӣһңԺץòã뵽Ĳ˳ɫס
Ҳ£ű֣С£ץץ˾ȥι
ץҲںͷ
СҶ󵨡һһãˣ¶ݺھ׳šһѣɷãҪһ˯
˵ιҲģȥǰͷǸɩôĸַµҶˣ֮󣬾Լһ
УģһҿŽСԲѵ¶࣬ʱһ£ָá
ϴ裬ú͵ƣڷ䴲ϴһҰǵóõӱߣĿ΢ĵƹæдϣûһһһǩ֣콻ȥʱǵӡټһ飬ˡ
ģզôණһԻˣǵýǸĻйĹ飬ɿЩ飬ֱе֡
ΪĹ򵥡ĴԲѣÿҲҪöֵģҪѧϰͷ·ļÿҪֽ˼ĵãÿһʱ仹úλһѵż쵼Ѫῼǣѵġ
21ʹԽʵ̫˼ˣ˵
һ˼ѧϰѵҲһ𣿡
ǵûСҲûѻһҵɵӿҾǶЩȤһЩϣһЩʦĹ죬֪ЩƤëȥҿ϶⵹ʵ
һǼͿԡ
Ų޸㣡ĺһ䣬Ҫĺģڳӵġ
˵һּһıӣ㻹ܵ
ⲻϲ㣬ϲòˣϲĶ𣿡ЦظףôɷøŮˣ»ռ˰ɣ
һұ˵ôá
УУġ࣡ϲ£Ц
һ۾ﶼǵƹ⣬ӳŽĵЦݣá
ǮɡĴ컣ó٣
һǮƱûˣǷ೤ʮŹҵƱ˵ǵʱҳ¸ַ򸾽Ʊõģ˵¸·˹ʺͲͼĻȥǣҪŪӵ£˵ץⶼǺģ˵һˡ
İԼǮóͳһƱﻹмʮŹҵƱȻ¶ӳǡܿ˳дţĻȥллǵİæ
ǮĻһٿǮȳˡ֪ԼͷжǮǺòظҡļױǮ
ǵȻÿ¹ʶϽ׳һؿڱ֤
ģϼң˹ʲϽңҪȥǹеģſڿӣ˵˵
һסĹôû೤˵
ǮЦǰȻôø˵
˽ǶһҾͲˣ⣺ҺŪң
Цû֦Ҳ˱һŶһǹ//ͷϣȻ˾ģѶ¥иռ䣬̫ˣʵڲȥˡ
ЦûͻܳΪкĶվͷЦݣǽȥ
ǷҪõƱô죿һЩԭȻǮƱִŵģû¶١
Ҳӽ裬ȫ㹤ۡĸ˸⣬Ҹ˿϶ǽ費˶ٵģǵͻ
ôУһԣҲΪҿͷһҲѧӲѹθɾˣ
˵ô죿Ŀø
һһȦܸƱˣýĵ⾹õģſΪѣ˵߸שˮ೧ͷǷÿ¹̶꼴ֹ˵Ǹˣ֮以ǷҲǳе£Ƿʱ˼ܸǷˣҲı£οծŲ
ǽϤһ׽תͿһԸԸȥ˵
һջǵͷȥԡҲӽǲܵġ
ЦһЦûôѵġļס֣ǷޣҺվһġ
Ȼѽֹ֮ȥɻһﻹǳأôǮôƱһûתһĿڿɾҪˣ˿ЦֻǽЦǿһЦ
һЩϸڣֱͻڷͷС˯ˣϨ˵ơ
л˵
ţϼң˹ʲϽңҲҪȥǹеģ
Ƕأ


59 
һҺͽҪؽӵϢֶ, ܿ˶֪ˣǷ򸾳ÿ˲෹̸ʣһⶼڳЦɵ, Ǯûط, Ҫ칫ҷֵķ, ôЩǮ, ԡѣ
Ҳв˿ʼۻһҺͽĵζ飬˶˵ͷްͷϣ֮ôЩ飬޾˴, ȥҪɢ
˿ǷĿǰ鲻, ˵˼Ҹ˯ͬһŴϣé޶ʱҿܺõʲôʱ
нȣҲû˸ҵ˵Щ
߶ǼɩӶ, ķʤճȥ, ʱ䶼ûһҰѴϣš
֣˸չֱڿ죺ѽ, С, αô벻, ǮŰ˭ִ֪, 㲻ǮʳһսҵӵĽ顣
ɩӼ֣, Ҳǽ, ǻǵûǮ˵ҪǧٿǮƱأһСʦȥˣǵǮʹˮƯˣ
ǧٿ飬붼룡ûٿǮأ
Ҳû뵽ǵԤѾڴҵĿᵽˡǧٿƱЩΣʵڲͣÿ˶Լⲿв̶ͬȣԼͻһסһѣɼǸСط¶˵ü죬οǻǮֶ飬ȷʵߵӰ󣬿ɲµĻˡ
ڼ¥˳ҲͦŴˣͬһģİˣǽʶʶģݸι۴ƵģιɩӣﻰⶼڴӪ⼸ôǮ˶ٹͰʦŴң͵͵Ͳɣ
ҪԼɷӣ˵ǶǮ
ЩԴҲ⣬˵ģûνһأԼԼģɻһһҪϰѵҪսദ
˵Ҳǲܣĵ»ˣĻһŻһƽŪ˾Ȼ˽´һҲ֪ʲô취˲ӵǮȻǧٿ顣
ʱ̴ЩԣĿʼˣһ·취ôƽϢ
ϵȻһһͰյ˵ˣӰ쵼սķ𣿡
ʵΣ쵼ǶӷĽͻѣÿһҪһģսǾ͸ˣֶ⽱ж룬Ƕ˽⣬ÿױҪ뽱ͽƷʦίͼųõͷ˵ġ
˵Щģƶǳڼңе÷ţ˺ãרɱ˲ǵˡһĺܿƽղ£ҹ¹ţ˵ľ
ĿһƶģԼҲ˲٣Ƕ˸Ӱˡ
콻룬ѾˡĩϢȥϿשһȥɣһҵȻ̳극Ϳʼϴӣܿ졣
УСġһԴǻ˰ɣ˳ȥϸգ
ӾôذƿˣͷķԷֻȥ˵ˮڣֻҪʵԵ˺ľû취ס˵ĿڣҲʶԺµõ͵һʲôҲ˾ţذˣ˻ҪһЩԼġ
˵ҪȥϣͻҾͿΧתְְְ֣ҪϻسԹӣ
У򣡡һҺپܾӵҪҪǺҪҲס
֣ӣֻƨ棬ֻڽͷ©ڿʼѧ˵ֵĴҲʼ
Ʊôˣʻһңשˮ೧ͷͬ𣿡
ȥשΣ̸̸һýĴǮˮ೧ͷһųȥæͷˣ˵Щ˵ͷһųƿվƹȥ
һңܰⶼˣĵĺϧԼޣһ˫۾ųݵԼǳġ鷳ֻǳǮ͸˴򽻵ѰȫָŻһҡ
һЦֵÿ춼Ҫ˰ٱ飬Լõˡ
죬һҺͽĴӣͷһ·ȥǼͷΨһһܶĿһΣĩ춼ϰ˵ĵӻëǮƱСžͲҪƱռĻҪһë
ΪʡëǮһ˱һ˳Ϊ˷ӵ飬ʡԼ˲٣ҲˣǮͷǻһһ֣ûҵǮķ
·ͣͣ߶ͣСʱŵ򣬺ûγ˳ġ
һ³ŻһҺͽҪȥӣԹӺ⽣ˡ
ʳ˾;ֵһȥ˰£ĲϰеǶҪȥӴҽ֪һжһ˾ͳ£ǶС£»ᷢһЩӰ¹ʣԸһ㣬ҲӸİ˴š
һĴԼʱҰҰģΪ˳߸ߵĴ˸ûҹ鷳֪˼ɣ֪ԼӲ罭ģǾĵģһ˱һСһשȥˡ
˴СʱǿǰͷשţСһĴӴóֽڻҵıóӸһҲߵýŵװ巢Ӳ̫ͨ鷳ˣ
ĩˣשҲڿһСשð׻յҤשͷ죬мŰӣΧŻɫëĹ߶
Ǻһ£óôסӣһһַſҽȥΣ֮ǰڰ칫Ҵ˵绰ġ
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ȥ̽̽ڷ磬ͷȡһҰӸؽģͷԹԴţܡ
˸ӰĵطȻһңͻҲʵǶȥ㳶ҵӣҶıӣЦġ
ʮӣһҾͳˣԱ߻иһˣʮ꣬ͷϴŶñӣǰ׻ңҲǣɫȻһҵĻڣһܣӪҲӦ㣬ǾһСשǮƱģһҪ󳵣ø͹ȥҲ鲻
Ҳֻܾ㣬üͽҵİ칫¥ҲˡοǲӽǶ¥ʱҪש߰ˣһûǽ壬ǻʦܿղǮҪȥ쵼˵˵˽ˣ̸
죬֣Ƿ򵱵ˣΪϷװͶƾΪשΣֱͨͨģ˵ҲĨǣģʲô˵ʲôȫµˣϲ˾ͺϲϲ˸ɡ
һұɨسţɫ޶ǰأͳôһŸ
ӻʲôд֮Կʼн飬ѾƤõǹˣ¶
߹ȥûҽ壬ּŮ˺ڣӦһֻ˸㲻ѿɫɢľܾϢǸ˶ܸܵ
ΣæǼȷʵȽưܣָҲ֪ѩ...ˣһҷŵΡ
ֱһˣӪҲΪҰΣ滹г쵼ÿҪʣҪôשǮ˭øӹղǮƱ϶Թ¶ԹˣҶû
һҲǸˣܾһӾЩ
֮ܶڻŸ˼Ҿͻµʱ
һҵ°ڣǮƱҪ٣
پʮԪһŲƱһǮȸһ룬ƱǷţÿ
ô˵¶ξܾһضûС
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ԭġֿ۽ģͦ۵СϱûǸŮ˾ͲЩ¡
ǮĻֻҪש͵ǼңһԸ塣ƱأȸʮʣʮţǷ޹ǰ͹𣿡ĸһԽשǼҵʱҰһٷÿ˰һǮĺ
һǮЩˣͷĹһ¹ʲʮǮһ˶һǮǲȥһӶ֪Ǽˡ
ԣ˵Ŭ֮ҲǹҪ۸ˣܾ͵˼ˣƱĻ֪Ҳ˭ҶҪƱģ˷ĸƱ棬㣬ɲɣ
־ܾ˼ûոǿˣȷһθǮ
ȷ𣬵ǰש͹壬㱾ǩӡ˵úг⡣
Ʊأ׼ô㣿ֵôҲ˽⹤ǵ˼ʵһԸҪƱ߹ҵƱĽƱ
ҲҰİѻһƳ
һҺ˰죬Щ࣬˵ʮƱٲʮǮ
İæд˵ӣκͻһǩ֣һٿǮԼùȥש֮ǰһһͳһ̸Σƾܼλˡ
ȥ·ϣһұʱĬͽ˵ʱ룬Ǹľͷ
˵ǣ֣˾·ϣֶǺյģϣһԭˣһԭ˶ѡ
ϧ۽ôȰ˵ЩƲ֡


60 
שص·, һҵĳĬҲѹܵԼļٸɵѹѿɻһһֶû˵
˷, һȥʾָ¸շźʮŹҵƱ, ɿ, ծһᡣ
, ܿ˼֣˲٣ûгһʮϼʱڣҲ˲, 仹Ǻ«, һһ
һңԸǺ«, ԡ
һҳһͲٳˣ, ͷҲľΪԽزˣ˵, ´, һܵµĸ߽һ, ֻӵ˵
ͻҳԵǱ߶ǽϴӸϴ֡
С, ˵, ھȥɣ, Ҫ
áŻңʻһҪҪһȥ
һҿֿӣվ߰ɣָ
ͻأأĸܵһ˿϶׻ǹİɣ
˷򲻴̵ͷͻҲʲôҪٲ֪;Ƕ⣬ûĶͶһ£ʮ㣬ڵԱûкֹǡ
һȦ֣ͣҪǸһƤǦʺУͷӡš㳡һҲҪ
ҲƱһҺˬǮ
ıȴ⿴һױӣױմɵģҲǶྫ£ѵûӡʱɫĶڰɫıӡ÷ľӣպĸǿһһˡ
һҿһۣû˵ǰ⼸صıӷŵԼĴﱳš
ڹӪ˶緹˸弦˵ףտ֣ǿų˵ͷͷ˻ΣŽĵֱۣ˲Ϳʼ棬ҼҲҪԣָҲһ
ĵӣһҡؼȥˡ
˻һңĺڳ϶̫ɹû˯ڻһ˯ˣվʱЩѡ
һҼϺͻһӳеޱˣĶͷɹȥĨʪͷ۵ЩԼ䵭
˼壬·һ˼ңǰؽӵû˵ʱв˻غǴкʱЩǼǼҲװû˺˵
ƣؿ˻һһۣһҵûڷʱĵĮ˯һͷĻңѽĵǣϳԵϼҴ׷ۣˣˬЩ
ձ鱣ءкһҾȻҡǣ֣мֶݣѽվǷޣʲôǲһԵġ
ãġӦһҵģǽĸĻա
ܵˣ۾Ǻ̽յһѲ߹ȥˣ־۵һ𣺡û˼ѹûԼд
ǣ޻ʲôأǺڲӵǮǴͥǣ֣͸ȥʦٱ
ٱʲôأ˼Ƿޣܾٱ˼ǣֲɣ
˵ӪڲӵǮ㰮ʶ֣㰮дٱ£
Ұ˸ɶԼզдӲʶֵĸÿεȥʹź£ô꣬д
˭Ҳ뵣Σ˭ҲʵдţһҶߵĸĶ죬ҪǺԸǸдٱŵˣ˭Բ˶ߡ
˵˻ɣ˵ǳ˭˵Ҫȥֺɢˡ
ЩĺͻһҶûǴ˼ţ֣Ÿաİײ˺һСཷýȥԡ
СЩ̫ĻǾٳˡ֣Ҳ֪˶ЩżĺͻһңСǸˣﷳ˿ȥѵСһŮ˼ңڼźӣ̧ͷͰƴţǼ⡣
Ľ֣ӵİײཷлСɵԲûȥԲԲԣգ˵ǻǳԵġ
֣ӻԸӣǺͷҪǧٿأҪĶ
ӣûôţ⽨ӵǮǧٿһ붼ľΣǿڱҥˣӲҶ֪ĸ˵ʹôһǮģҪǮ¶˵һҲĻҷǵóŹӴȥ
û𣿡֣ӾȻŵģ
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Ҳ飺úͻһ˵˵뷨
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Ҳûʣ֣Ӱţϱ꣬ʱЩоϱ֮䣬ЩΪ˵˵˽⵽ȫòˣҲ֪
صңϴԷĵһѰݣӣһŸëͷҺһųȥˮ೧Ƕ˳ǳӵ¶Ҳһ˵ˡ
שŴαܵ£Ǵܣִй񣬴󲿷ֶɵú˵Ǯʱ׾ˣʱƺ˸ŪСţøߴٺΣͷţǽĺ˼һģЩ˵ӡ
Ҫʲô𣿡˽£ҲŻһҵļƻ
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ʵǷ޺׼鶼Щִһڽܽƽ֮ǰδûЩҥԣվҪ֣Ҫվһ
㵱ޣɴδһʱҲģޣϵսѣʱ⣬ʱǻһҵ⣬֮ǧ˵˵ǰһλгɳġ
쳣жһҿ϶ҲΪѹѡʲôôҸ
һû뵽ŵ£Ѿˡ
ҽܶ󣬴࣬Եñɫƣų轲£ûЦ˶òغˣϰ߸ĺһȼҪнö࣬ҪǣҺֵĹϵ࣬ļͥΧδľϲܰ
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˿ѷ죬仰ԼˣŴ۾Цɵܳ䲻ж
ȥˮʦЩǰѲ˻ũûպÿԹϹӣǵ̴ֵͷ߲Уȥʵˡ
ܲţӸôôֻԼ£ֲ˻£ȻҪù
Щʦͷ𱻴ˡ߶꣬һҶЩ˵ƷԵм˽⣬Ҫȥ𣿡
㲻ǻҪȥˮ೧Ǳ𣿡ҡͷİɣҾͻ˵
СһҴӦˣȥشվóֻʣƿˡ
ùȥɣһƿһųҪԷĻٿһƿĵ⣬׼ӻǮСټһЩһܻõġ
ˣǵ룬ʱѶ¥ˣĸҪסĶӣٵӡ
Ҫסڼ¥죬ڻͬġһð˴ڵļ¥
ļ¥ͱϷŲӬéޣӦܴؾܾˣУ
ͻȻ廰ҲϲסǶ
ϲҲ˵Ҳʲôϲϲͽ˵ɶ͸˵
ǶҵڣһЩЦԷǣ˵סĶ
ú͵ƣһȦóԼǰӻͼָָǸʪݵķ䣺ʱǶèɣһ飬òʪ
һú͵ȥһȥͷɽϼЩ
ҲӦͣһȥһûȥɽء
ҲȥҲȥҽϡ
ǵСһұϴֽšˢĺ˴ھ˯һо
İһˣ


61 
ڶ콭ĺȻ , ̫һֻԼ˸, Ųɽ
̫ʱ, ɹһͷ, ޴Ĳؼ, ⵣѹˣӶ·壬һĺˮ·ϼż, Ҳк, û˵仰
˵Сðû뵽ӪǸô˼ҵˡ
˵ϱǸأӪΪ˺Ҳû취˭֪Ǻ
һֵĬ, ѵϰǮؼңŮڼҴӰһм, ǳֵһЩ󲿷һصҶһ̣ϱ, ˵ϴɨء
ſ, ֪ǻһһ, æȥӭţְæ, Ĳ, ĬĬ, ɡ
һҰźãٳϴˬ·ʱѾںһ棬һһСţһˣûԱ
ĸ˫ӣ࣬Ժõ㡣ЦЩΣԼ£˵Ҫȥæġ
Ҳԡһһ£͸˺ôһţ⣬ڼҵ׼ʳ㡣
緹Ҿȥһųңﳵȥˮ೧СʱһҰѽİźͽ˵粻õҳԷǰ
֪ˡĳԼ棬Ӧһ䣬ٺȵ㣬Ǯ𣿡
ԶٷġһҶﻹеǮģǵľԱȥǲȾơ
ֽȥ˵ǮƱţ˰̣˳ԷԱҲԵ⡣
һҽӹŽ󶼻㡣
˶ҵģ˵ʲôĺЦšĶ䡣
һҾ¶һڰ˵öԡ
ӵгܽ˽ѽĺ棬ӳ棬ΪЩҪ߲ͨƲøϡ
⼸г֮ǰˣ˵ҲǼɲһ鲿ӹģҪǲӵıãżɽáӻͦζġ
мҵгÿÿִʱͷ׷һȺӣҲг˹ãż˭ҪҲܴȥУҪ˭ȢףȥгƳһȦгǸϡ
ۣʵƽԭûɽ£ƽҪгŵߵǷ㣬ڲŪгѾߵˣµŷš
˷һٴβ˲ϵǮƱƿվƾͳˡ
ɩæѬӣ֣Ա߰æӣסǰͷĻɩҲйֽذǸʪСѬˡ
ºǺ˺ˮллòˡ
ɩ´ɱͦ˼һΪСʶ֣бҵֲţǸ˵ģû뵽ô˵
˲ദĸٵһҸԼ岻ϤҲԼὲ˸λɩӡ
С⻰ͼˡɩЦһ˫ںڵС۾ΧתС֣ӺɩҲˣҾֱ˵ˣǧǮӰ
ôܼ࣡Ҳһǧ飬ҥ˺죡֣ƿ۴ţ˾ֹغǰ˵ҺͻһͷֻǮʣȫǽģҵսѵģмģ˺üŽǼһܲܳһⶼ֪
ô໹ӰɩӾܲúҲԲ
¶Һͻһҳüؼܣ붼ˤ˼ǲ֪ˡʱʵھˣȥܲؽǶΪ϶˭֪ʦȻˣǱƵòϲµģֻӲͷƤһʹļ׵ģȻ˭İⷿӲܳԻܴߣ֪ô졣
˵ģģģ˻ɩӵĺģǮûô࣬ǷǳܵģǺڵģȫû˵ôáŲţ̬ȺͻҪŵϾ˭ҲǽĻǡ
ɩڨڨٺ˱ˮˣҲ֪ǲǰͷ򳡵ķȥˡ
ʣɩӺ֣ڣɩӻʣ֣סˣЩֲǵǮôʲôɩű졣
......
ϽȥгҲ̴һСţ⣬ûԸӵˮʦ̴¸⵶ͷȥһ£˵УԹз˯һȥ
˯̫󣬽ľʰˮñǽҪ壬һ·Ͳ̴ȥˮʦ
·ԶȣԭԼһȥѺӷ֣Ӽңæš
ɻŵĴ磬СҪһȥͲ𣿡
⻰ѽʵҭסȥ֣ӼСñͷϣһȥɡ
˾Ӱһ·ߵ˼У̴Ѿڵˣӻһ£ɩӻѺӸˡ
ȣ˶ôôСĺӳš
ճˡֶǣһûſڻлţûҪ
ɩĺá̴Ҷˣʲô¶ԼҲϲñǰͷ·
ɩӣͶиʦʮˣС͸ˮһֵķӣ˭ë̴˵ʦ˵ԭͷֹء
ʵʦҲ֪ʲôС˽ʱʦܸӣȹϷˮԹķ磬˼ʹˣһˮ򣬴Ϊؾͽʦ
һѽʣѻҷſԼܣֻҪ뿪ߣȥĵطС
ֹڴҵͽܣѧء̴ڽԱߣҰССʱճˣٳһЩͻԼӣʹˡ
̴ҲӣĶУСĻڶСѧԼССʱһʱʱܵȥ
ҲŻңôСĺӣҲ֪Ҫôܰ
̴ΪʲôԸ˵ôңʣûԵ޹ʵ׽
̴в໨ʮˣȻһҴ꣬ӶӳĶӣڷʵ壬θ׳ɫ΢ڣֵֽĸؿɿУ˭г̶æһŮ˵˿޵ŵ㡣
пʱΪһö⣬õöͼ˾ѡĸλѡˣӴһݲµصĹ
˺֮䲻ҲԵ̴Ե֣㿴ҺɩҲ˵һȥҲ͸ļ䡣
ЩǿĲţ̴㣬ҡ
ϱҸռʱһݲɳӡ̴Цд󣬽һС
Сѵ̴ܸпǺʱսߣǰͷɷͺȾȥˣ޸ҵʱҵĸˣһûҺСܳ︺ˡͷĴ㶼˵ﵱңͲẦһֵܣ¶˭˵׼ôǴӣǸɻǶ
ŻͻҶˣ᲻ʲôԵɺϵ£ҲԼԼڲŶʮ꣬ӳţҲͲôˡ
أܹܣʣһͥŮܵƽЩ
ҵ¶Ⱦƣʮʱ򣬶ҹȥ˺Ⱦƣڻؼҵ·ϣ˶ɿˣǳȥҰ죬·ҵġ̴˵ûб˵ı顣
ҿԼĺӣôģ뵽СʱҺСܣҲԸԼţɶԵĶǰͷĴǽܣ˼ڱ˵ƫģ޶ڱޡ̴Ѿܣ˲ᣬҽʱڣ˲һֱԣҼ޸кӵˣҶףСȢϱģ˰űۡ
Щ˵̫ˣÿ˶̫Կˡ
裬ңˣŽĵĴǶСñҲڼϣſ˫֣Ҫ
һݵǰСǰѻûȥš
˵ãҪųžͲ𣿡ʮεŻҵıӣô˵㻰
Ҳûޣ˫֣裬Ҫȣ·
Сᡣİ˱ǰǿͽ˭ܵÿòã
ãϲӮ͸ˡ
ɩӣϣкñ̴ᣬҲ˵¶ˣֶԽĿĿڽнɩӡ
ЦЦ¶ǴĳʵûҪʲôرͿޣͻһҲãҲãһͬ߹һ·иýҺãôҲνشȥ
˵ϷˣôźͻӪأҲúԶɡ̴Ǹ벻ҵˣ뿪죬ץ
ͦԶģ𳵶ʮ졣ıһβͲݵĻǰߣ޸ʱͦϲģû롣֤ÿһС£˶ϵģڣҲжһѵ˼
Ļò̴Ҳ˼һŮ˼ҼˣǶһ
л˵
һºе


62 
̴ѽ˴Ǵʦ
ʦҵķ÷, ϵƽŸС䣬ĳϴ跿, ںĵطμ, һĺ÷ӡ
̴˵ⷿѾס˶ʮ, ûܺá
СԺм˸, ʦһũ磬ͽôٻĸͽܷģһϸӳȥ, ͽһ, ͽܻ˵ʦúãʦ̵úãͽллʦ԰Ϲء
ĿƤһұĵĻҲΧڳˮ, ֦ӵ¶
£, ȥ˵ǵıҲԸ뿪Ҫš
̴ƿ, ǰȥѽĵ˵, ʦϵһ, ҡ߹ӣ
ԣǼҪѶж, ǲľ¥, שͷˮ϶㡣İԼ˵һ顣
ǵÿһ¥ػβο, οͲ㡣ʦһɿ̵ζ˵Ŷǹά˵ĲòһС
ǾʦǼҿȥˡʵĹ۲ϷӵػΣǽõʯͷͷǸûģܵõʦĿ϶ġ
Һܹ𣿡ʦһ࣬磬ҶǮǮҲʳ𣿡
ʦ˵˵۸һ䡣ĲۣĲ
ӣټӸǸ㣬ûһ£Ҳô£ĿǮʳʮʦĴָԼ˰ɣҲǮ໨椣۸
Ǽ
Һͽܣ֤ʦҲϵũУóȥǮøС˵ϱ
ҡҡͷУ̫ˡȲˣѾڼ䶯սپãũһʼʹͽܣٽϵˡǴʦҸĿǮŲƱĸˣÿ˸Ǯһٷ
ʦۣ˵Ʊũ˲ƱѵãСҪ˵ϱʱܳһ²ɾͳˣ㲻ڲҰɣƱûоûУҲȱʳȱֹҵƱ
̴ƭ𣿡ûʦе³
һҪˣʮҪѲ͸ãһ죬ÿ˿һëǮҪʮɣҼ⣬һǳԶӡĵѾʮźˣڵŽӣɲһ˵˳ӡ
ʦͽҲͣϵĻëϵĺũʱ׬ǮгԵģʦɶӦŮİ
ʮ죬ôϡʦһ䡣
ԲҪˣһٷ˯һСʱɻӾҪˣһܿҪ֣˵ֺܼŲݵϵ˪ˣɲð
ʮʮ죡ʦ㹤ڣҲǸɲɣǵһ춼Ƕˡ
þǣںǮȫġ
һŮ˼ô֪ŮʦϾܹͷƭӣЩŽĵĻ
Ŀ̴㣬ЦãʦŮˣʦģҰǰͷӵľ٣̴ҲʶǣԺ˽˽⣬һĭһƭˡҪǴӦһҼңˣ˳㿴ػβοٿҪҪ
̴Ա߰ǻʦɩǸõˡ
ʦĶˣͷָָͽܣһҪŵġ
ͽЦ˻ҲֵãʦǼǵġ
ֻҪܸɻǻ췹ԵģҾͬ⡣ļ˵ʦСǸŮˣǵĻþϸһ۾ܿҪǲãʱҪ͵øҷĲøÿǮͿǮҿɲῴڲ̴ϸŪȥ
ʦһۣԼ𣿣
УҲ˵ʮ࣬˴ֳҺҰ˶ڼҡǣӣȵÿڸʦֻҪˣһ벻ͽܣ⻹ģɻ͵ģôѡŰ졣¶ǾӶӳæˣÿǩӡ
ʦΣûѧı£¶ֻˣһСᣬУҴͽܹȥ˵
˵Ҫһķӣʦһ㿴ʱͷһʱǮĻϼңⶰӣͷһשһ߶ȥģ˷ӣȢϱ˺ӣձˣҲˣʹˣЩ仯ûսҺͿ˰һһܹǺͺġ
ʦպãĵ˿Ҳòһ䣬ȷʵǿ³Էˡ
ʦЦһӣҪβͣڵȥ
̴̸ˣҲС̸ۣһ㶼𣬸һɴˬ죬ʦգƢɤŴʱºʦ
裬ˮһ·һȦⷿӣֿʣ˳ĵ֣šˮȡ
ӻͦСʦָָߵС
ԣСճˡЦӣְǵĲñá
ּįƽԭׯӺγǸο顣
УǾԼʦһÿ͵˼ûУȥɣ̫Ҳûôˡ
ľʹӺͲ̴ʦļţ̴㣬̫лˣ
ɩӾǿ˵ٻллˡ̴㲻⣬ҲǰǣߣԼб̸ʦɲǸöԸء
Ŀһۣ˶Цˣֻ˻ӱǰʦζ·ǰ治֪ô̵
صʱ̫δɽӶЩˣ̫õ·ɹ̫ȥЩģĳ˵㵭ˮǺ£ǲϴȥ˯һ
һſڴɩӣڼ𣿡
ߵſڣûžŵһŨҵľζžͼԱСϱطŻһңԱ߻ͣһɾɵĶ˸ܵĴг
ѽô࣬æȥһҵһߣ˷˾ţ֮Űһ֮˷䡣
İ˯ŵĺӱͷϯϣûһͷȻ£ѹӡ
ɩӣǾ鷳չ˻ӪˣһȥгСϷ»һңˡ
鷳Сϡֲ˼ѳһ
СЦŽӹɩӰҵˡ
ûǺӡһֱôΪġ
һųȻӪȵûǸհͻȥͷɩءС͵ЦðǷŵɱһųľԱˡ
ЦǻһҴȥȾƵģȥһųһС
СߣĴһˮһҲӲ֣ĴЬӺ·ˣҪ£ǸҹԱߣˮȡ
Ŀˣȫں˯Ūˣ˼
˻СֻˣӴóһŷ⣬ˣӪҽɩġ
Ĵŷ⣬ͷмŵӣӸµˮ೧ǩֵķӣͷдǷӸɴ࣬Ҳ֪һô̸ģȻֻҪǮҪƱˡ
֮ĩǵǰ鶼òˡ
һͷУģģ
İЩպãשӷһȥˡ
һϵĻһңۣûƮŵģתתӣŽģĹȥס֣ΪҪˮһͷ˴ϣת۾ͱһ׳˶ѹţģҺȵһˣ
ŵˣȷ磬òе
ģˣˡһҺǺɵЦ§ϲˣ
͵Ц㲻ǾƺԣҲ֪ɵ󻹼ǲǵԼ˵Ļ
ǰ趼ҽһͻȻЩίſڽļͷ֪ңǸˣҽ˵һʮңҲúùӣʲô......
ЩĿɾòˣ˭ԼɷʱǰεһУƿֻţϧƲԼŪһͷȺһңٶ˵һǰޣҾҪˣ
ǲǺˣ˵
ģãʲô˵һɵǺǵЦɿ̯˫˫ţһռһŴûӾʹƺʣһơ
УԼŪ·ָؼԼҲǸŮЦͻһҿɲǶˡ


63 
һ, ˯һҹˣϵζҲ, , Щͷʹ, ͷˮ, ùˡں꣬תͷտҲĴ󴲣źأ
ŵûһҼվЬûܳȥ, 򿪷, ĺڵϴ̣ǹŽָŰ˶ȥ
ˣҪҪˮĴŹǷ, ۾
ȹˡ, Ҫȥѵ˯һӵͷ׽, ҹ, һȳζ, ˣĿϢ, ʱûѷŹϡ
ʱ, һһ, ĺһͷſִ첽ǰһ䣺ôˣ
ʦԼͽܿһȦӣŴ˼䣬϶¥ȥ¥һ˵ǸŪﻰҪĸӹǮ˵üӵǮƱţĸнĲӦͲ˼
Ȼ⣬˵úúõģԼҪ󣬹һҹѼ۸붼룡
Цһ£ʦҪǮҲǲ...
δ˵꣬ʦִϣɤЦǹɳ̻ĶܳⲻͺˣǾô˵ˣǮƱţǽȥд־ӡ
ʦ𼱣һû˵ءӵǮĸˣÿ˶һ鹤ǮǼٵĿǮȫһŲƱô⻰ȻǶԱͽ˵ģλֵܿһ࣬ʮһǮ͵ǸʦТɰɣ
⻰һͽܵͿˣʮ׬һǮǻԼڼŪӺңϻǮôڼһЪһЪʦҲǵģö˶˵ģͻȻʲôǮȫǵһ¾
ʦʱۣǿᣬôƤһ㲻ͼӵǮզôѲ
ƱſԣҵĹǮðǮ㣡ʦˣͬ⡣
ǾͿͽëǮһ顣䣬;ͽܡ
ԭܵ飬ֻһ壬ͽҲԸ⣬䣺ʦҲôøɣҪݶҪ¥˵÷鷳۱ˣȥɽȥǮҲа
ǣʦ۱ˡǮˣ˭ʹ죬Ը
ʦӵ۾ģΪ˭Ҳմմ𣿡
ͽܲˣﶼ룬˭֪Ϊ˭ǮϣָػĻЩͽ
뱣סͽܵĹǮҲСһʮֺ˵ӣϹʮͲٷ۵ĹǮ
ôУСӸɻԣ...ʦѳζ˾˵ĻǾǾ˵ĵŸɵ¶뱬ֿڣϺĴֻʺڣϧһǰ˼ϱܲܳŶһ
ҲУҲУʦҺѰ찡һ̯һεӣѡѾˣͿʦˡ
ʦһʱסȻˣǮһҪӵģ...㲻ӣɣ
ԭʦ⡣Цѻһ˵һŮ˼Ұ˻ˣ˵˵۵¶
һҸߴڣȭͷɰվڽıϣƵģһҲ֪ʦ뷴ڲļǮü۶˵ʦݵͷһ¡
ƽͷնԹټη֮ģοһһһװվڽԱߣôʵ̸á
ʦһӾȥոյϨ𣬿ʼҽڣⲻǾⷿӼȷʵ̫ˣǻԼ̶źòͽһʼ˵Ҫ鷳ˡ֮һ¡
ʦҲеʦˣҽʱ򣬴ж鷳ָôɻ˸׶˼ҽ˼ǮͷڣӲҲûĵ
ҲûûһҿڣԼںʦ̸ûѻ˵ʦ࣬ȻذɣҪͨˣĹǮɸСͽܺ˵˵ҵȲˣҾʦ
ʦ뿪˵ʲôֵĽĻ˥ڲʱϴ߲ˣĶǵĻҪһȥţǺͷˣҲвǷǮƦӣҼһڵۿֱˣǺܵӲСĺͲʦʼʱͲЭȻͷԷֻӵôߣѹڵ۸
У롣ʦתͷˣ͵ʴףŪͽܶҲɢˣͲô̰С˵ĺҲǸã
ʦ뿪󣬽İϣһһϵζоζȥѵų㣿
ˣҺǰ±һʮһұĺѾˣɰɫϸմ·ϡ
ȥϴ裬·Էˡ
ˮͰӺһ£÷ˮһһҸͷѵ
שͷأʣǸһͨ׵Ρ
ЩҪȵ壬֮ǰ˴ġһ°ǰٴ绰ȷһ顣
ֽĶѾȥˣվͻе籨ָʾƷһҲԸƲӼ廷ġ
ӣģЩãϵʦũеӾС
İӰںãСȥϴϴԷСţ̴û˵󻰣ţȷʵ٣ܳһ⣬ʣҲ
Ҷ̡ĺӣľ;øһ̴˵öԣ׳һЩù
úȣɧζأҶȣϲ𣿡˶ʳһҳ˲ᣬΨţʵںȲȥζȥܳӺö졣
һЩǳһһ˵Ҳȷ
СϲСҪ˲Է⣬ȷʵԵ̫żʱŶ׽ûҭš
ϲٳһ룬ԣϸʡСֻõһٱҪúóԷ˿Сš
СС˲࣬õòãʹλʱֱץԵһһǡ
С棬ǽĸɩѧļ棬ɩˣһʳˣСǰѹüСС̸ףŵνˣô󶼺óԡ
֣Сǳȥˡһ룬̽װһ롣
ȥĶˣ𣿡һҶԻʱشлػصġ
ȥ...ȥժȥˣв̰̺һ˺þõ·ءҲֲȥĶһͨ˵ǰԲģùƺ«
ȥԣҪ˱֪𣿡һҾŽģͷ
ҲŲᣡܻܵᣬܵƤ˵˲Ҫ˱ģСͣ
裬ңĻֳŽſ˫֣ġ
ûۿȥ϶
һ˾ЩĻƽƽسһٱ
......
ʱſ˸ˣҲˣţð˽Ĳ߳ʦһͽܣ϶
϶ʵҲʵʵڣһգҲƺˣǣʦȥӡ
ʲôӡĪ
...զ˵...˵㻰ҲҪ...ӣ˰ʦͺ...Ͱʦ𣿡϶мֽ͡
รǾͬĹǮƱˣüͷ
ʦͬ˵ļǮˣˣ
ڣˡ϶ҲϲģʦʱǮʦũʱǮܸʡʮʳɲ
Уʦ˵˷͹ȥֱȥǴӾСĺԼʱص㣬˵ÿɾͲٷˣҾͲˡ
˴𸴣ûͷûԵˣʱһ
ҡҡͷ뵽飬͵ȥ֣ӣ֣ųɩӿţĺ˾ɩӣ֣ڲڼҡ
ЩҰ׵ûʲô飬йɺ֣ӽȻͬ䵭ǽﺰһ䣺裬С㣡
Щ⣬ϱϵɲֹۣȥʱ򣬻ɩӹһ䣺ôϺ̫̫һ棿
ĺգһ䲻ɿӣ֣ӿǰǼһ˺ôԵҲĸɩ㣡ҪԵڶģǵһ
û˵ǰһЦ
С¶֣ӸհԲԲ˯ͷûɢŰ׷ʹﱼˡ
ӣҿӣڰ³աӣҲǼ죬ʦǾܹˡ
ѽôѽ϶֣ȻΪǸˣţһȥ飡
ľ͵ſڣɩڳͷˤˤģ˵ʲôո⽨ţ־˼Ϊ͸ñȥ//
֣Ǳõһ۳ѽһԣﳳЦˡ
ĲҲϽӻĸӺʣ֣ӵ˼ѡũʮϾŵ㣬ʦʽӡ
дһЩ޽ɵĻſڣʵڲоֽһ򡣡֣һˣЩ˸ʮ㣬ְֽ̽ģ׾ɣ˻û¶ùŵ㺢ӣСܾš
ллˣûѣҶ벻һ㣡֣Ӳϵ֣Լ̣СʱһƤҲǼ˺ֽˮϣõصĻ裬·ɱ


64 
һ², ͷٴ˲̴֤ˣȥͺʦдӣӡ, ׳, ˵ʱ, ʼ׼ͷ¡
⼸, ˵æҲæȸյ嵥ʱĸоҪǿˣˡ
ˮͰӣשͷںͷ½ˣռ˼Ժ, ǰֵĲ˶ѹ˲١
שͷ˽ĵǮƱ, Ƿƽˣһ֣֣иש, ˽һٷЦ˸һǮĺ
, Ҫô˵ǸֱӵˣˣҪͱӣһ·, , ѹҪؽͷƬ𣿶µѩһ, ûƾ͵ѹ壬͹Ӷ¶
һ, ͱδ̼, ֲǲ֪ǻ˶Ǯ
ξͺٺЦ, ҲԼ˵׵ˣʲô˵ʲôûĻˣô򽻵
ļǸֺͰשĹһԳ麸̣ͽóֽֽϻһغͶײ͵ļͼܲһײޡ
ֽ˻˵쵼ļֶײޣȤͼֽ˵ȥԣשʦ
ҪճˣҾˡˣ˻װ𣿡ֺ棬
ҰˡƲһЩмʶļܰװҪûһȥ
ʣҪ˻װҸϵҲװһֵǸТӡ
ʵˣÿ϶ҪҹȥͷɽߵĹ޵Ƕ·ߵŵζ;÷θҪڼԵĲǾʡĶˡ
һؽϴ跿ѾˣϧģյúǽæŪӵ£Ҳϻ׼Ⱥͷ¥һ𽨣ʱƶˣٰһʱɡ
Щһͷһͷһվôȥˣû˺˼˼
Ļ˸ʱȥһų湦ݷɩӣǰӸųæǣˮ೧ˣ˵Ǻ˸µһһضǣڶѵٵСʱҦίˡ
ɩǼСҽԺĻʿĺӶƨ룬ѧѧ컨磬ĺӸȡ˸ţͲӣСЩļŵܡ
ҹΪչ˸ųɩһҹû˯ڶϰ඼ûȥúܵҽԺȥæļ٣ȥȾƵĻһҲϸ߶Сܺȣϸ߸飬һң󱻸ų˵䣬弸䣬ˡ
Ŵ׷ȥĥɷۣؼһİ׸⣬ͷ˼ƬƬҺ֣һ֮󣬾ͶŻİ׸ˡ
ţֲܲӴοɩų̫̫ԵһӪ̫̫ģͱĬϵİģһϸҹں͹ǺҲȷʵ鲻
֮ǰ뵽ɩӿ϶Ҳƨɵ׼ˣôЦŰԼ׸ȥȵؽɩӣ˵ǸǼ鷳ˡ
ɩһʼЩģЩӽĻһҷڷ˼ϣ̬ȾЩӲֲЦˣſվ˰죬ĵЦһֱûȥϿҵͷСģҲȥ˲٣οϾɩӣҲûƽϣ˽׸⣬Ҳѻ˵ˡ
СҲ̫ˣǵİ˶ۣͬھӣ˵˵αͶأɩӳһڽ׸⣬ŴɿڣϲһСͲˣϸߺͺǳ
Ҫллɩӵ£Һöһأɴˡ룬ҪǿţҪⲻˣü򵥵ʳ﹥ԣûġ
ߵʱɩǵ֣⳯û¶Ҳ˵˵
¾ôˣͷųҪʲôҪæģûһȥɡ
˼壬һҽһѵ˵ϢҪȥֽһʱ䲻һҹܵ
ҪȥһĩķԲˣŻһңﾹȻӿһǿҵĲ֮飬·ҪƵģͻһȷϣ缸㵽
һҲһ˿ǰȥȥʰͳҲûǣң˵ţûҾͿʼҡ
ϵȺ˯ˣ䱧ĻһڻϺһסߣҺһȥɡ
̫ˣҪֽЩȥһҺ֤Ҳᵢ̫ãЩǳ˾ʹǳȥߣȥתתҲС
ľϻȦȦһġ
ӦģǻһҸҸǿҵǡ
һȥģ˷ת𳵵ֻϴѣͽĸǵԷǮƱһۣԸˡ
⻹ǽһη룬ֻһҹһߣľ;ü
ϴ˯ģ֪͸Żһȥˣ漴ֳЦԼҲ벻˵ŮˣǰǸǿɵĽȥأ
ҳԹһȦͷİڻ˯ڴͷǺС
ţڴϣ˫ס˫ţԲȥú͵¼ĲͣһһһعԱߣСҰֻ𣿡
ʵúܲģŽĻشǰֺ趼˵ģִֻСˡ
֪һֱĽᣬСͷͷһ糤ˣֺӲ̷Ск˶죬ƾܺͷһСˣģͻˡ
ԭҲô˵ܿͻϣҵһǧأ
һǧǼС֣̽ţӡ׷ĹģǸһ־ܴһ߱ɴ˵İӣ˵һǧ֣꣬˵ǺúöһǧַģҪŬ飬ʱʲôͱʲô
һǧ꣬ǿǺþúþõʱ䣬֣ͻİŶ
ġۡЦӣһһٶһǧ꣬
ЦҲЦЦʣС𣿡
𣿡ľСŮĺ˼ͦϲͻ˵ġ
˻𣿡ԽССӵһ˵뿪ȽĻشֽ˵ҪǲˣǾͲһˣһͲһժˡһܿϧ
İСڻḧıôιأ
۵ģ㿴һͰˮ᲻ߵȥѽֻǸľͰ̫أ᲻ÿֻһ롣
͵۾ؿס㲻ߵĻԺÿ춼ˮ
żء˯СӲô᳤࣬ߵġ
͹ԹԵߣսСԴл
ã˯Ѿ͸İú͵ϨԼҲ˯ˡ
峿ѵھӵĹתͷɫӦû磬ȴЩ˯ţͻȻðһ⣬һ͸ӿĺһ㣬ͷ͵ָͷʮֳ嶯
˸˯ĺӽȥϣȥ
ڷһҪž˷˯ʵĻҡѣܵ𴲣ܵ𴲣ȥϳӣ
û˯ѣؿϻ飬ֵڴ˯
ĴҴ˼Ǹֻһĳվȥϣϵϣ
ңҪʱ򣬽Ĵӳϳ Ʊ˻һŽĵļ˯ͽĶѾȸԾˡ
˷򣬳ԹӣĴϸµذѷһȦ˼Ҳʶ֣ԲɫķĻȤҪͻСֽŲ֪أܿ˺˼ҳ
ΪС϶Ҫˣ̧ۿ˽һۣɽֻҵͷ˵鱾Ҫһ㣬ô³ܵܲ͵ͷԼġ
Сäֲʶһһҽһ͵ţ˸ɽߵУŰĹ¡
װ磬ĴСվȥ˭֪ڰ·ϲӵĳ˾ǵһ ǵǸССЦѣƽ׽ˣĵɩӺϳɩȥվӻӪ
ԣ˵뵽վǾˡǰӷվеģ߲
ҲӻӪģѺͷճΪװСỵ̂ͷһָҪְֵ֣û취˰ɣ
§ںţֻЦĺ˼˵Լ
һҳվǵһ źӭţشӻ𳵻ľӣȥСֲһ㡣
һǮ˵͵塣һҲ˺ұ߼Щʹ
ˮȣʶ۲ۣСһδСӶ˼ȥȥϲѿռһˡ
ΧŻһңְְְֽи֪ͣĻΪǷֱأ
Զģôۣһ཭ĵͷ᲻Ūıӣֻᳶ˳
˱˻ԡбСָȥģ


65 
һ, һӡ
ΪףգϵĵӰӳšϸսۡǶ, ô, Էϴ, Сʶ, ϼҴھȥˡ
һҺͽҲ⣬ȥֻͷˣĻǰЩĹӺ棬ӵԡ
ںͷ, ͻϿӰ, һֱҽУһҾͰӼڼϣҼһԱվ, ǰӳԣ, ˵˵ЦЦһȺؿһ¶ڰ׵Ӱ
ʱ򣬻һ쵽һµĹʲ, ʮǮְ, ʮǮ, ˰ؼʱǮû, ת־ͰǮƱ˽ġ
İǮһЩĵǮ, ԼС˱ϻһ, дһ֣Ƿծһ±һ٣ʮǮµ㻨ǮһԭҪϣһõء
콭յɳӺţҽͿʼԺ˶ɳӵϷ˸ɳӣԲԲ˽ȥ
һǽдļ飬ɽˮϵţһȿǽдʺţǽĸϰϰߣǮСӺòദ˵ȥ޻ǳŪǣһӼĹԼҪͼ˵ܻ취ơ
ƽʼѧд֣һҳֽдСһġŤŤ֣ùããƽƽ
ѧļ֣Ǵɩ̵ġ
ŽдǼҳֽȥؿ޲ÿЦЦ޿ޣᣬ۾ġ
һǽдģԱǰ¹ϽˣĴοû͵֮ǰ룬ôö˶˵أظдһ⡣
һʱҲƽ
ԭ˵ԴӽĺͻһߺͺһץǸΪҽǿʹȥ˹ش㣬ùشæȰҽ壬ҽǿôϣһ£ֱǿһµĲƱѹشƵҪ飬ҽû취ˣŴӦðһԡ
ǿٴҽҪǮҪƱʱҽѧ˺Ļ⼤ŭǿǿ۸˹ˣһ ŭҽηηӣҽȭͳûŻӵֵܳ޹˵ʱǿץˡ
˵ǿץʱܼߣҪŪҽһ˺ͺ
ش˼ǿˣһ𵽹־ٱǿٺͷǡ깫ϴЩΪǿ̬ǿӲܲ참ԱҪҲͷд֣ýѧȥǣŵΪûܹܵ
Ϊίλ汣˭֪θ£˱Σֻǲͷػӻ֣ùǱίĸίᣬκηӣ
ԭнͷаеǿһ֮ھͱ͸ģֱӱ͵Զ͸ĳרչ¯İ趼һ档
ԭǿΪ٣гϢÿ¶ǹǮƱĺӣһҾǹ㲥˵ģѸ質Ϳ
ܼҸĸѧУ˭Ʋ˵ͷ̵ñ춼ߣ˵ҪӰ˭ȥν֣˭֪һҹ֮Ӿͳ͸ķ̵֪ͨڹֵſڣǱ޹ְСţȥǸίεţν˺˳
ǿ֮Ⱥֵ׵ĺ//Сͣһ
شڴҽȥǸüͷûȥֳ˵ҽͷͷһͷʣʱ޵úԣǣ̬֣Ǹ绪ïѧһ֪ʶӣһһɥ֮Ȯ
ٺشҽƱ˵ǸϵĶӼĹȥָֻϵ˵شҽĶȳһ͵صһˣͷƻزˡ
ŵ󣬽˵ȥԺ鲨Ҫ⳥Ļժ˼ֱǼ飬ΪпдСã˵öԣƲþǿ¼ҺͺȻƶãϸԴҲԼȡ
̶̵ҳֽд˽⼸ĳɳ;ýҲ̾һҽ̫̫ϣܳŵ󣬺úûȥ
룬ţһддڣһһˡ
дţѽ˵Ŷһ飬̲ס룬ĸ̫ˣȫȷҶԽжãǼʮ˽ߡ
дʵԱ춼ˣȳԷٻŰɡһҰڽֱߣְʮǮͳһֱûʲôǮĹȥԼԵġ
ţͷǰɷûܾʮǮ׼ʱһĳȥ
дĻУûйҽ͹£ÿ˶Լ켣ΪˣľֻЩŹ;һȵҪϣ
ֻﲻͣҪǵö࿴пαḻԼ֪ʶŲ¶ӡ
......
ֽʱ򣬻һ˰ڼж˺ڽ겼ڵĶסˣֻزȥˡ
ٽӵӣʦĸ˰˲ͺǽǣָָһ˻Ǻţ¼ˡ
ĽֵĲҲͷˣĻЩڣ˵۾֤ĵӣʼû
ǲһשһߣȫ鲿У˲Ū̬ưĹǵһ˶ʱල
Ҳ⣬Σǿ϶ҪЩġЩҲשˣǺ׼ȥأ˵αǲҪġ
Ͳùˣδӵ۵ģһŮ˼ңܵ
Ʋ죺Ҫ֮ǰûһ˵ߡϿ
֪ԼͽĴռʲôˣͲϿǻˣɰöͷۣȥַԺҲˡ
ΣҸһĵĽ飬һеͰ죬û͵˾ϻһֱϲһĶַͻǴЩҲ֣ǩͬװʱн鷳Ҳڡ
ڿۿˣһ󷢴ȱ˵ģ
ҲûţҽǰЩˡҿһЩƬ͸¥ЩľͷʵǿԶõģȻֻ޲ã㲻ֹֻ̫ܼԼˣҲһЩסéݵ磬԰͡㲻ܸӴա
뿪ڷĵ쿪˭ҪЩת𸽽ӶûеĴ˵һ˵ͷùסһ͵éݣ˵¡
ڻұ˽ĵСԺһȦ˵ĵõֵǻȥ
ļֱ䣬װģӦˣ뻹ˣҪٽ֮ìˡ
⼸仰ڻСԺ˵ˣֻвκͽģԹ緹ʲôʱӣǷǺõİɣʱҪ
̴Ҳˣһʵģ˵ӣûǮߣѩ䵽ϣסøƵģȢϱ˵ϣ˵ľƬʼǮ
Ķ֪˵ĻѾȥôԶˣΣ˵ʲôãҲӦ̴㣬¶õȲǱߵϢһжۣҵһ˵
̴ˣΪǣʦɩӻǸü۸ߵ͡ʵˣк飬
̴ߺ˼İʣ¸֣˼ҵŲ𲻲ŪýĿЦãߣţ˭öˡ


66 
զզ, ̫֮ңϻɹòҳ, ӶڻոС, һҪʼո, мճӾũæµһġ
ΪӦҪʦʮ緹, ĲòһЩױʵʳ
̴͵͵ȣǮһƱʡŵĻ, һܳһ, Ƶղе㣬еJ̣еûζ, ĺòãͿˡ
ľȥ, Ҳһžǳӵһɧζű˸С, ˼۸, ռ, ׼ȥһԡ
ϳԷʱ򣬻һҳԵ˼Ƭ, ǰ, ľ, Ƶñ棬׼Ļ죬Ҳ
̵Ĵѧ˲ԭǱߵˣй˺󣬼˲ҶǣСӵûѺȣ๾һ¾ͺȿˣĻһҶˣٴ˳⣬ðѶ̵¶ճˡ
һũ¶ʮգ˶˸ݡ
һϣһҴӰѴźͳ˽ëдĺֽ󼪡޽ɡ󼪴
֣ӺɩߵýھӸƻ½ڴſڹɰ֦ҶͰݣףƽ˳ģլ
ʦҲϵʦˣӣǰŶϷ˼ɤӣĸ˰ݣϽ־ˮǵص˼Ǹ֪ϵµĴСɣҪˣеĵط
ѵõĴ£ö಻ѧϰС˶ܵſ֣ʦʱǻЦСѧҾѧɿϣ˳ָˡ
ĸ˿ǶģʦϵˣŵһкͽǶ֡
ⳡҵĸĽҷӵжˣʽˡ
һҪϰ࣬ΪӵµѵÿնæһҪʦˮҪչӣ֣ܰæţȻкܴһʱ䶼ӦռƬľ˵ˡ
˵ˣЩȥ꼴ֹǮ۶٣ȫ鲿ӺڲС
ýջǣȫŰæҲΪ˱ǰ첻Ͽڴ¶ڰһգڶ죬̴ʹˡ
һգʦĸͽܾͰѶ¥ȫƬľڳϣʺܵͣ˼ˣʰƬߣ˵Ǽĳط©ˮûȥһǡ
һʼðƬƬһǮһľҲһë˾һǮһëǮ
ǸģСòԸſڿţ˽ö³С͵С͵͵ǼҶˣ
ƤľڨЦȥˣ켸䣬ǹҵģҵľģҲôòá
ƤĴľ壬ȻһС࣬˵Ժ͸ǺｭһǸӣ˭֪ԽսԽ£һ·С׷ǴȥС͵С͵Сʱ͵룬͵Ǻ飡͵󻵵ž㣡
͵͵֣̽ģǵӰѧģžǻһҺͽĽ̵ġ
ɤţµú޲˶С͵˼Ҷ̽ͷһС׷Ŵ۷׷ףҵĹż꣬ôӢ°
ҲԻô֪ԼʱͷڼҪ̧ͷˣ˴ӣඪˣҪҪõֵı˾ǲϷ£ľˡ
׷ϣ˺öС͵ػؼҡ
ǰͷɩ˵ģ֪Ȼ׷һܳȥˣԷǸˣŵѹ£ܵſȥллأ˻Ǻúõſڣּһӿͷ
ǲһ˳ȥ𣿣Ķʱ˱붯ֵ飬ƨɡ
ֱֱģҳϵĿȮ˽ĵĻתе㺦½ӵ͵ǼҵĶ
ӵĻýѸ侲ʮѹŭſڣҿûУ
ûУСˣҼǵˣסڵģҰֵսѣ
С˾µǰѼ¶ˡ
ܵأŻϸƤûһ飬šķʻĶ
֣̼ҡſڵСϣҪüң
͵öͺңȥ˵Լ׷ȥСҼҵģ˼ҲȭͰŵˣΣաĺµر˱Ҫ֪𣿡
֪ˡСûҲͬе΢ĴܣΪԼܵõһء
ͷۣҪͻһ˵һ˵̫ˣǡһա
ϻһһĺ£ʾܵǻһֱһʱ֮ô죬Σյ˺ʹһǵжϣȻ״߱á
û뵽һҵǿǾ˵ŮѪѪͷ
ĸоԼҪŮѪѹˣšŻһҵĶ䣺㣬ڶߣһͰˮΪ㣬ǹʮ꣬ŵ˲ڻ£
Ҫǳʲô£ô㽻ô轻ֵĸҿһ㣡ĺ˵
һںڰпѾ˯ģСӰŲҪҺԼҪˡ
ĸһĻ۵ʹһһֱҪ˯ţȹҾͽСĶ֣֪ТźΣ⼸ôдġ
һ룬̾ͽ̣ɲܰѪԸĥˣת룬Ժ󵱱ҲŮãӢˬüڲӣЧҡ
Լ̵˯ˣʣһںҹзȥزġ
ڶһ磬ĶȦĴǣ̴ס
̴׿ʵԼյϸĵظƬùˣĲĺһƬƬضԣȫߣҲ÷͵ãҪ˸˿ǮԷû뵽ԤƵı飬ûӵ˵ллɩӡ
ɩӴ壬ָ˼ľ壺ûȥðɣȥʱŵߡ
βţʱ˵͵ˣԲϣòԼȥɡ
ⶼʲô¶
˽ּܣ¶ûݶӣʦʼֽľ壬ʦһǻƹˮںȲ裬ָĸΰ˿
һ̶ھ·ȡ
⼸ʦԽ׼ĳʳһһ⣬һٶȫԸ⣬佭ɩǸʵˣ÷ŵͣµǣһû٣ҲֻйܳԵôá
룬ֲĸϻǳԱûԹԣŻҸɻһָڴǰס·ء
ͽйڽǵʦԳԵûɧҪ֪Ǵӡ죬ĻΪˣһҪдʦڷˮҲ飬򰴹Ǯ׼ӱ⳥
ʦϴ֪꣬ܲЩԶĲ˵ʮǰͶиˣʱһʦ˿˼ҹǮʦҲȱ£һ˼ҵϣǼ˲֪£ס˽ȥһ꣬˾ӣ󻨴ǮһˮŰԹԩʱǼѾжҲˡ
·ʱʦйʱǸʮСӣʦͽ¾ԲʮйССҲûҶԽ
ʦԩһ˼֪־ɻôһϱҲ֪
ҪʱסˣŲԸǸݵģӡз˶ģĲŷŹ
л˵
˫


67 
Ҹݱؽ, ÿնҪźǽЩطһǷңһǷкİĺӡ
⼸, ҽܵǽ˼Ͳ, ſڶܷһ
һÿ°ൽ, ʱʱҲһ뿴ȵսѻ, ǿŴ˽ּܵӣֱ޴ţһȤһҺ˼٩Ǯֺֿܲõ¶
սܾЩϣֱذ̺ãʦԱʮ, ƾҪѩ, һѩͳʪɵ׼ݶⰡ
ǽڵķˮͿϺͷˮ㣬ֺضʦ̣Щü𣿡
ʦҲûţҾͻ, 𣿡һӡ
ʲô취ֻ, ʦ˶ʮǮһ¥¥ȫͿϡ
Ȼ֪ʦ϶м׬ЩƽϹǮƽϷˮͿ, ˵ҪǺͷ©ˮˮ, û, Ǯ
װʦܵżʵһ, һֺη
˭˵Q񲻺ʹ, ľÿѹ, Qİʦ
һ֪£ʦۣİסˣˮ㣬װ޾ҪǮģڷӱϣڳԿϣʦѾˡ
⼸ˣĩӡһ£˵仰ͷһѾ۵˯ˡ
ĩҲУȥһ͵ļҾ߳￴Ҿߡ
ǰƬľʮǮȥڣŲΣȥǶ˷żҾߵĲֿ⣬öһһ첲ľɼҾ߻ڡۡÿ춼ɳȥ񣬺ܿһЩϻǡ
ĿΣһҧӶˣҾ߻Լ
ӺڳһȦУҲ̴Ҿߣ̴Ц㶼ôˣ֪ľĺѽ
̴İǰָָ߳ԶһʵСɽ˵ǸһɽͶɽµͶͻӣӵǸ𣿡
ɽͷһߴѩɽű߾·ԶɽȥɽѩïҲȥʵ̫ˣȥѩɽÿ꿪ͻˮӴɽɽ룬ÿ춼϶ɽ뿳ľģѩˮö࣬һ˳ɽ½ţɹ˾ܴҾˡ
зʵԭǽз򣬾˵ľĺãҾߺõ˼ͨ˻𳵣һ궬ʡ˸쵼һ³紵˸򣬳һ磬͸Ľзˡ
ĵǵһ ˵£︷ᰡ
һƬƬĸС׿ѵأгƬӣ峺ĺһ޼ʵƽԭȺţȷļĺɽˮõط
ɶʲô磿̴ûϹѧǾýʶ־Ǻãʶöֶ֪˼дġ󼪡ĸë֣ͱͶԳƶ˽ӿŵдúá
ҪȥҴȥߵþã㲻ܴȥȥһ˵Сʱء̴Žչ׵ĺãϢմһߣ㴩˫·Ьûøˡ
һתǵض·ƽ𣿡
ƽʲôɽ·˼˵һƥһ̴Ҳ볶
һƽЦ
ԣ˼̴ٺЦ
У̴㣬ϰ˵ҿˡĶģûһӡ
Ӽгֹջ˺ڣҵΣڰ칫һԴǿ˵ɫж಻ӭǰҸ֪
ΣгҲƽϲε̣Ҫ趫
ͬ־ͬ־֪ǲӵĺڣǼĺڣĺ𣿡ζҪĥûƢŮƤզô񰡣
ʲôɣҪͻӪһλתηԼѾЩڲԣ˶̱ˡ
ﳵȥɽµĶɽҾߣ·̫Զˣ߲Ƕʵʵڵ˵ɡ
һɣ˵ʲô
ְѸոյĻ˵һ顣
Ͷ䣬ΪԼˣмҾ㶼Ҫ´򣿡
Լ˵ӵļҾ߿ɱˣȱ첲ȵģö˶룬ô򱨸ŶأҰⱦĻøͬ־ͼҸаɣֻҪƤʲô˵
αĵĻ̣⻰ȷʵ϶Խ˵ģֱóԸ...ΨСŮҲ˵ͻȻð秵Ļ
û취ùгǼǲûӪԼ롣ͽˣ⼸гҲǷҵģҪʲô
Ц۾ԻԵ𣬿Σҿ˶˵˲ý㿴ô򽻵Ҳ˵ôѹͨǸΪĺˣøͽ죡
κȻøոյˣڲҪð̵ʱٶ죬ֻǻ֣ɩӣϽȥɣˡ
һȥͺͻһ˵¶ܣƤɹˣʲô˲ˣɡ
һҵϰгˣﳵȥɣҲһȥ
ȥ˭֣ӣҲ˼˼Ҷǿˡ۵ÿǽߣİɣв̴أǰҿ϶ܻ
գԼļҾͼǮҾճĺӣţںǶгȥҲ̴㡣
̴㴩ԼĽЬϻһһӣи̼޵ɽͶŹһˣаǰȥˡ
ССһĶ˸гӶҪˣ⽭ɩӿǳϰ
һʼ̴㻹ϳ룬СϺ˼ҳͷѵûͦأָ·ǰ۲һ·ͷɩӣû뵽㻹г
룬һῪһйһʮĽڳܺ˵ѡ
ǻһҽ̵ġƸͶˡ
г·ˣĲһСʱг͵˶ɽͶ
ɽͶȴҪС϶۾ڶɽ£ССķɽµĺӶҪȥļҾ߳ӵΡ
ӴһЩ͵ųųСĴָһ˵ɽʱҶϵģܼɻ˼ҿ֣һס
ͳԼļҾͼһСţ¹һߵͶһɳһţһӣľߴͻƣںƣôͻװдвĵ潲ˡ
ľĳ𣿡ɨһҾ߳ͷŶľͷֻһδ깤ĹӺһŴɵļҾߣЩأ϶ʵõģûѡЩʽǰԼʵġ
һҪô࣬ҵõųֻ׵ֽӹĻͼֽͦԼʵʽĲһ
ҸʦʡļЩľͷֲʲôľֱͦͦɷɹɹõľľӵܳҲ겼סúõرţֶԼҲƷı̬ȣӮ˺øС
ųĺ˸ʦľϣյóĽǲһЩЩľͷûȫɹɣʺϴҾߣױΣֻһЩʣµĵù¡
ĺǮƱ˶𣬾Ҫšͳİӣº
ʮ¼ܰɣֵǮʲôľͷóʻ˼¼ܣһҵľ¿ӶҪűͦÿ
ʦ㣬ųͷųʹӦˣ˫ǩӣһһݡ
ǰ󲻹һСʱͰˣ̴Ա߿ĿɿڴɩҲ̫ˣզôУ˶С
ĿɫԼﳵȥɷ²̴һСʱ·ֲ˼
̴Ӳȥ̼ң˶ؽӣߵʱҲס̣Ϲһմİȥǳԣﳵ˼塣
гȥ֮󣬽ǴӰԼѾÿ߲ˡ
ò׹յؼҵ·ڣֻſһС°ͣ۰Ͱ͵ؿǰ·
ȿһܵǰһѱס˷ܵغСˣ
裡Ҽָֻֻ˵һֵ
ԴӴӳˮؽӵĻûǷֿһӰ磬Ļ˵ѾǷֿ˰ǧʱˡ
һЩ죬ùϵİˣǴϾҪˡҲһֱء
ӵͷǣһ˫ž˸ѿİֹսŵ̬̫ˣʧߣ
һңңҪˡ  ûسŻһҺ
С㡣Ǹӡ
裡ˡҸںͷı֣ϸͻһһɵЦ


68 
ӽʮ, Ѿˣö˶ܵǼָָ㣬ǽˢò, Ǹò, ô۵, ͼն, ֮ǵָͼɱʦˡ
ʮһʱʦż˰ѽּܲߣԹǶӣûһҸǰѹǮ, ʦĨ, ĹǮؼȥˣũйֵǿϣһĻ
ɢȥ, ֻʣ»һҺͽĶ¡
ǡڵ鳤ϴ跿Ĳ˹˵˹, ˲ŵӵ£ٴ޹ûôļ, ѹֲҲ̫ͽɩϡ
һ¥Ͷ¥м佨˸¥, һҴȥ, ûװϣŵˮζ, 䶼, ҾҲû
ͻһʼż̵¥, һ¥Ͷ¥֮£˵Сˤӣܵ¥ȥ۽УԼĻӾú棬ֻڣѧèѧĽˡ
չųͻͼҾ͵װŴٰѴСһϾͳˣĺ˷ܣŻһҵĸ첲ˢѩ׵ķﴩȥʲôס·ӶǼ˸еҸ飡
һҰѽİ§ڻҵĻЦ㣬ĵһأǵʱĺһѣҲ̤һ̲סпģӹá
Ӫ֪Ƿ˶ծ𣿡̧ͷ
٣һҲ⣬úõķΧ˵Щ
Ʊ˸ȦǷǮˡΪȫȥˣǻǷˮ೧ɳҾ߳Ʊ¸µĹʲأˣһֱ£ƱƱǼˡ
УԭһǧٶǮļױĿǰʣһٳͷͷһĿڵʡԼˡĺǮýζ˵Ҫҵģܲ
㣡һҸϽͷʮ㻨ǮҲҪˣֻҪҾÿ춼Ŷȥϰࡣ
㻨ǮҪģս˵Ȣ˸Ц飬ѻһҸ󷿼ǽˣҲҪˣ͵һأ
գųԴż峵Ŵʹӵù졣
ڶɽͶʦýİѴգ˵ǵʱٰ̧ȥװͷЩͩ͵ζɢɢҹ˯
ŴûнųףʦСԷʱͰŴǶˣϵͣһһأûκȻա
ʦΧǵķһȦʱǽڣ͵ӣ߹Խ˵㰮иȢ˸ǻؼҡȼҾ߰ϣסһӣˡ
ıĶ˳ʦ˵
һһʱպúųǴ˸棬ĸһǮͳȥԼٰ͹
ߺ󣬻һҲָųʣ˭ǰʲôģ
Ҿ߳ųͶءŹȥǼ鴲壬ߵǷĴҵҪɢɢζܻ˯ӵŴ
һȴüûӽĵĻ˵»ʲôʱһڼ㡣
ôˣôࡣҲЦ
ո˵Сָǹٵġһ۾Ϲսʲô˶ȷʲôǹ˵ģǸԭͰɽҰӣҲб˵ģý뿴Ūס
Ķʱ;þ˲ǵذɣ
ôôȺ
һҼŽˣЦ̫Сģֻҵְҵ⣬š
Ҫʦ𣿡⣬ҽž壬ǽĽӵģԼҲˡ
Ҿߡӵ飬˵һŲ֪ʱǵú˵һһ룬ûýٲ£Σ⸾滹 
գשδһֵͷͨˣʱһҼؽϴ跿
˽ɩӵˮ˽ɩ׼ǹֽŸڿˣߴʱһһ棬˭˵ýϹ˵ⲻͦƽ׽˵
İӭˮְгϵĶ
һСļϳǻõĶײޣЩ˷ܣⶫԭһѧĳ//ϾǴŪ˵ܲҲһҶȥǶãˮһ͸ɾķ㻹ܵϣ
װ𣿡αȽĻץС֣ϸ
СҲ£˭ϲʶĺöѣȺ
£ǵϴͷȥڿӣľ˳ˣרҵ黹ǽרҵ˽ԼȥŪ˵Ϲ߳Ա߽
СξڻӪһ£ܲܰڳٰ׿װɹ
һֻ֪һˣһֱŪϴ飬հһļ°εݺͷ˳ˣˮͷĴˣ
ڣƺף
߹ȥһףװײ޳ɹô˿ţ򲻳תͷģҲſ־ͽУ裬Ҳ򣬱ҡ
ҲЩˣСĿˮȥͷֺãˣˣ
󹦸ɣ
Ū죬ŰǸϴשͷһʣµʯǽȫˢˣֲ˵Ժӿ˸ӿòߣҲû˿Ӷϴָֿ׳ˮ
һϴʱȽյú͵ƶڿãϴģû¹⣬ϴ裬Լ·ĶʱףԶðѵ
ǲýĴߣڶһһϰ࣬ٴΰߵ¶˳
³ʦҦίһҶǮôͻأǰշӲŪǷӻǷ޻Ǯģ
θﰵﶼҦίǰ״˵ʱ帯˼ߣûмܶľ񣬳Բ˿࣬ϲӵļҾߣҪԼǮǰ컹Ūü˶ΪǲӳǮǴģ˶Ҫ¼ҾߣŪʤ
ĵһϵвҦίҲ˺ģһϱզôڣһҲŸߵȥһˡ
ϣǡǿһ߳ĺ¶֧ܽҦίѻһҪߵó˵ȥ³ʦ
³ʦͷӦֆ¶սپ̬ȣ𷴶ָ֧ûû˵ģһ»ӣڴдֽͬдһͬдҲǵֱˣдͽԱþӪ;ɲԺ󶼱ˣ
һ¾ʦãԵĲڵӪͬĲںͷԵ˰໹
³ʦҦίͶƱʮȨȫдֽʦԱԱӣϽرҶΪ¶ɣ⣬Ͷһģ΢һƱʤ
ҦίĶˣͬһҼߣԭ˵һ˳ǮſװÿԼѡ
һҰϢؼҵʱ򣬽ĲΧŷܼȦͣ׻һң
簡磬Ĺǿůĵ磬ҪصˣľȻɣҳſȭҪÿ䶼װϵݣ
ӼģҲŴ֣Сȭͷһ裬һΧһ׳һš
ӼȻͬߵ£ҲûΪѻһңܿߣװ˽ĵݺ
һʱû·дľģΪǼأߵļţ֮ǰ˲ٹڽɩӵĻ°һ
ڽɩû˵κβĻֻٿһ⣬ͷĺȥſڣľݣ۲һ£˹߰½Ӻá
̽ͷһۣ˲ע⣬ŵӲȥһӣݷһ͵İ׹⣬Ѱڵ
ľһ£֮׼ڣǼƣ
ҲҪ棡ҲҪ棡⼸պͼĺһ𣬿ڳ࣬˵Ҳ˲١
һҾͰѻұòֺ
֮װϵߵƵһ죬˸кŵھӣӾ͸Ǳݿƹصơ
·ܰĵƹ⡢´ĻƮͩ͵ո¼ҾߣǸֵĶײޣɰѼ˿Ȳѣӽ𣬼Ҿ߿þɵģ߾ٿǮҧҧǲԼҲȥأ
ֻô˶࣬ȥ˼ûУڱЩ˸׳죬նѡŶǮҪǾΪҵķӴǮȥֵá
˻سǲǳĴ쵼զǮôòأ
⻰ʵˣڵ쵼ĸǮģӿڳҲҽ
ҶΪǶɽɽ˭֪ΪߣѾǷ˲µĹˣЦھһߣͷԼͨ͸ļң˵кͳɾ͸С
ȼҾ߳˰ְһСĴֱ̧ȥװãĴŻȥժ˺öҰһ˸ˮƿӣͷ
ҹСԺ˵ƣӳŻһ˵˵ЦЦڿ³Ź̵棬бͷĺӣүҲ
л˵
˫


69 
ȵĴһ, ǰ¶ϡ̫, ֻ糿, 𽥱øӽ, һŰ, 紵ˮĬϢũǿʼ׺͸ÿնȻĸɾ
мҲʵ֣ӺɩЩϾ, Žȥ˲, Ժɹɺĥ׷ۣ˵Ƕèڼʱݼ׺һȣӵǣˡ
ҵķӽ, ˼ĶһݶͷմҶ̰, ʱʱڳԷʱ򣬶Ÿ﷢﷢˾˵Ӫôĵ, סķӾ³ʦҦίĻ, ˭Ǯ, ǾӦðⷿóߵ쵼ס
Һ⻰û, ȻץĽĵú˴ܣ
ķ, ΪûǮˡ
ǰƵ, һصĸɻĻϼңǸ˵񣬳޵ŮҪͶġ
ȸռĳȥãյİǰӽ˵޻ǻɫ޲ʵԱｻϣ򿪰ͷһţӷ޿㣬Ӳö컹û׼
ܴȻǽĸ⣬ŮºӣСӿܾԺпˣӸèһôСšţȸջ
һһصңİǷŸһҿ꣬кǰӣѧд֣͸⹫дţллǸǼ޻
ʲô⹫ţʡ
ĸĸǳǰûˡ
֪Сİ裡ʹһЩ͸СһѾ֪˺ܶϵôƺģе˼ңзĸˣ⹫æӡ
⹫Ÿүһ𣿡ֳĬĬ˿ĺͻһҶһۡ
һұʵ£Ǹһֱ۰ֶӽƽͿ˺ĸ⹫Ǻˣۺӡ
⹫ʲôʱǼסˣǽСԼӱɵҫˣҵ·Ըס
Ȱѽһʮдˣдˣٸ⹫ţ档ͷ۲ѡ
ڽ̻ҽ֣ѧÿÿ죬ѧÿ죬һʱܴʱʱ֣Ҳûȫ
ǵĴԴӰװú󣬽ľͰ䰲źˣ˯ϰߣ˭֪ҹһ־۵ǴϣϻԼ䣬ӲҪ˯һ
һ£ֻܵȣ˯ţŰǱߣܻطԼǼҹ͸ȴһֱƳ¶
ÿҹ˾ʱ򣬻СԺ¥󷿼䶼ᴫİƾܰŶ
УҪЦˡ
һңҪ...
ѹͷˣ..
Ѿһ...ѵôãôͲۣ
ĻڿҿҵĻһҶֻʣһĴϢѹֵĵʹ
ÿζְ˨ϣһӰҹˣڴϡܡ˵˼ʱС˵˳ȥǾ̫ˣ
·ãװãǻһ˳¶ˣÿ϶ȥϴڴͲΪ֪ĺЦؼ
ӽӰ¶֣ʱ佭ûţתżܵ˼ȥûǮûףõλΣһᣬ취ŪǮ
ʱһ¡
һǰʱŲӼСѧƸԱ֪ͨ˼ңΪʱæŪҾߵ£ÿ춼ææңͷβģͰ·һˡ
ҲǷʱ򿴵ģóһƸڶˣһң¶զôס
ýڵҸϵ飬ʵĿ϶Ըзݹģ֪δѵ⼸Ҫʼʹ󻷾Ÿ𣿻ȹţԼҲۼˣһԼӵġ
ȻһһؼҳԷʱóƸ֪ͨô¡
һ˵Ȼڹˣ˻ûֻһˣҪѧУʦǵ£ԭǸ̫̫ˣ˸λó
Ҫʶ٣ôʲôҪ
һ´ŶʮǮƱһҰԼĻ߽ģںһиӪİ˱ųúҲи˭ҵĶŮһĸˡ
ųأûҪ𣿡һŵġ
Ժ֪ˣųһˣ۶ģװһˮסһΰųԹɩӾ;úЦҲһĻϲԩҡ
ұȥԡ˼ţڹȫʤΣһУʲô˵
û㱨ǾòӦòῼ㡣һŰѻ˵
Ϊʲôס
...һҺ޲ܰԼվǲΣǽ껹˸ѡ˷ԳҪѶԱ˵ĵ
һҲ֪ڼѾࡱսΪۣ˵Ǽ٣϶£᲻ýıộָλͨȿǼȽѵˣһŵǸİˣִĵġͱųˡ
ķˣһңֻʣʮǮˡ
ʮǮٿѹһ¿ԣΪߣһ¹ѹڲӣõǮʱ͵õʮһˣܲܵѩ׼Ķѽ
һҲû취ֻйԴֻ˵Ҫʡʡ
ſӲòһĺӣôʡǵĿ
У޵ģǵÿԴöӡ
֣ӺɩӹҲ޿ʱ򣬽˵Сѧк¡
ɩƲƲ죺С˵ģһСİɣ
ɩֱ֪űذŴߣ־ϸѰ
֣ȥڼ¥ǱߵСϱǲ죬ɩΪ˳ʱʱȥһˣƾ֪ˡ
ӴŮģɩҧһͷٴһߣһɵСģ˾Ͱڳһ࣬˵͵ᣬеܲŮˣ˵žͰԼǮƱͼšҼڶ͹Ǯڿ˵ҪҲû
ˣļɩǸڿͻݣǰҲǺ˵ׯģΪҶء
ŰɣҪ˵Ҳȥ϶С°ʱŸ㽲ѣСҪмֵܣһŮǧѰ򣬺СܵĸôꡣҪеһĲֵҪΪһٲźá
Ҫ˵˾۶Թ࣬һڸһɩ˵ŶЩСҵˣһһ룬ɵģŮ˵ͬģҶʱĸŮһ֣ŪЩ˭أ
˸л治Ը˶ϣ˭֪첻Ը
չ޿ˣӹԴֻ˵㣬ŵøĳֻ鷳ɩӰٷ죬ɩϸĵָôͷ˵ķ϶䣬Ǹľˡ
ĻΪ˭ᶼ࣬ǸŮӲŶԣ˭֪˼ҲǣһƽͨˣֽŻЩֲڣҪôأеȣٶڡ
ǣһǻǹɤӾͳˣȥ裬ҲǸ֡
˼ǿͣɩӿԲкĲУͰš
һѽģȫɤ˵ѻӪСԺϵ¾޽У˵쵼סķӻá
ڨЦٿ䣬ҿһɫ
İ첻ĻᾹ˵Ĩ۾˵ԼѣСܵĺζಡʹÿҪ˫ϼҶǮȥ˵ȳֵܣһŮ˼·ԶСܵģơ
ʢʱ򣬻һŽˡ
ɩڽļĥĥģССĿŸİ죬ȻһһţͶŽһôû˵ɣ
˼˰ʱ򣬿ɩӵı飬̲סЦ˳
ĿȫûܵЦӰ죬һһţ͸ӿ޵滨ˡ
һҼ˸İڿޣЩĪ¾ñ¶һĶͷӹĵݹմˮô¡
ͻԱȫףûȽĻش𣬻˵ˣ˵СǮǼҳ緹
ͯͯһڣ˶Ĭˣһּǿ޵ýһγϰΪһŮ˶Ҫˡ
ɻһǿ̿վɣû˼˵ǼûǮˣϱ˼ҿȥ
ԣ˼ģ˰Ҳ֪ʲôˡ
û뵽ȻôϵˣǰѺɤӣҪʲôСܿ޵˼ҸģվߵһԱߣӰƺҪڻһһˡ
˭֪һҶ£һѰѻұڼңûĻ
ҵͷ˵ҽʮҴֵָͷͽָͷ
ˣû˰˿޵ģڶˣСָϴ꣺ߣ˵úӶޣ޵Ҫ
һӶУҲˣϣĨ᣺ɩӣ㿴סôõķӣǴ£ˮӪָֿαػҪȥǸλأģλøҲ𣿡
ĴסŻһңұˣ
һֻҡͷûУҪϹ˵ĲõĻڲſڣԼƲסƢð˶ҳһ١
λͬ־㿴޴ط˰ɣҲкˣ˵м˱һһҿ޹ȥڿ޵ҼˣһϵĿ鶼ˣһΣҿɵǮ
СֵܸĸôףӶˣӵǹӣ⵱㡢Ů˶ϱòϸ񰡡Ĵαƣ֮˭ᣬҪǲÿڣҺɩһ㰮С˵˵һ˾͵ûİ
һЩֹסˣòײŰһֲеѪôϰ˽붼룡
Ǹˮͷһˮأ̾Ϊֹ˷21ͣԱ
ԼǮ۸ˣ۸Щ¼ͬ־İˡһң˸
ʵڲȥˣ㻹ȥ㰮˺ͺҲܵ԰
ְݿ˻һһۣ۾õһ˿óͬģܸ͵ǮɻһڶɾοҲû˼ȥŮˣдȥˡ
ˣɩ°ѿȷãųǰ˰


70 
ûбСѧڸλ, Ϊ˵ˣ˭֪, Ȼһ粨
̫ɽʱ, İѷϴˮڹ, ſڽлһؼϴԷ
Χ, Ҳżǳȥһ£̫ãҲ̫Զ
ʱиžװˣڵسˣǸӣҰ޵ģ
ıһһ, ǰò, һˣûʣ˭
˭ǲǰҰˣһ, Ҫ˳ܻԱš
䳳µĻԭԼҲ԰ｽˮھǶ˹, ſզô֣
㶼ʶôʶ㰮ˣǲӲĿɲǼ, žװ, Χô, ʲôԲ˶ߡ
İСˮ
ΧھӶŽĺһ䣺һŵС˾
չ, ͷ紵鷳, ھӺȥɩ, ˵ǵޣ
⻰һھӾЦӦ Զԣˣҿˣ
һˣ޴˼ˣһϵûУĲǰˮھӺʵǾ͸ʮľ룬Ҫ
С⼸仰Ūɫͨ죬ָŽģָǼϷھӣãЩסľ;۸Щס¥İɣ֪㣬ɩӣԼ쵼ҫˣ
ĪһɲŮݣˣ磬ں˵˵ʲôǸߵ˵û͵ûģûű˹ӣܵſ
Ұ˶˵ˣ˵Ʋũģмֵܣˮ޺˵
һӷǳƶɽ߳СӣСӹֿ࣬ö͸ˣһģƽľ˼˵ũģ˼Ҷ࿴һ۶Ц
Էʱ򣬿޿˵ӪϱһҶϲ̨ˣмĸ翪ЦˡֿɰСܵаѵĿһ죬ܵ˼Ҽſˡ
Ĳ֪ɷ˵ʲô仰;Сأǿѿغãһܼ˵ˡ
ˣͲסôõԺӣˮ̧ͷ½ԺӣǹаյøˣһҲǣȻҹôõӣһӪ
˵״˵״¶ֶϷӵ¡
ľˡ
ҪӿʼͻһҵԾѾܶˣЩᴫģľǷеվֱʱţҶҪԼϵЩӾͻƽϢȥġ
˵ߵԣĪеĻ鷳첻¶ˮͶԲԼӵͻиΪ۸
Ļû䵽ǰҧһڵĵز
ϱгȥϱùһԽŭԽƽĿСܣڣֱǰ 
һ⻰Сһ£û뵽ľҪ湫ֻýĸϱǸ˵ԲҲ֪˵û뵽˾ôӲͷԼȥˣҪȥ˹Ҳ֪᲻ڵ¼ŲӲȥǷ޵Ǹˣñô鷳
ھȥϱ˭ȥ˭飬˭ڹ˵ģİѻУؼȥǰް״ϱϣ̨Ϸȥ
ǽĵһ ôŭЩƽʱЦΪദھһҲסˣЩɵΧ۷ΧһӾͰˣ˸ϽӵķܣðѻӪһɩһŮ˹ƴӮСܡ
ͻѾܻˣվԱߣ֤˽ķŭọ̈̄Ųҹȥ֣Ҳͷĳ֣æſڣԽĺСæģҰ㿴źӡ
һھӵת棬ܿ˻ſѾΧһȦˣǣվߡ
һⶢǰˮǺ޲Ҫ˺ɼ飬ʹһʹ죬һҴδ׺ݵĽģﾹͻȻһ ս͵ⲫ̵ʱҪҪ͵µĸģֿˡ
ڻһҺͷģ³ʦҦίųǸ飬ڻһҺߣҲ˵ͷ¶һҵϱզôද
ôϱޣؤƵĵҪǮˣҽгȥӣƵƣֶ˸Сָͷǰֲȥҿ
ˮˣ˵սĿȻҪȥץģһһס˲ø湦ΰˡ
С㳤ˣһŮ˶֣ųԼµĳأйȥˮͷϵų
³ʦҦίŵһ ŻһҵϱģԲƣҲǶߣƢզô˼Ķ۾Ķ
Сöģһ·Ĺų¿ɶʶģԵϵųӪӡҲãͺͻһҲ࣬ôûְʵ̫Сǳ𣬲Ρ
ųϱˣмֵܵЦСܻҹּٵĳ٣ﲻ
ϱͰޣܵҼ޹üأÿβ޵㶫Ͳȥųİɩ˰࣬Ҳܹ֣СܵĻҲþС쵼Ҷ֣ŸûߵŮ˾͸Ҷˡ
˵䣡ųöˣͷһСܵĳ٣ôı
ɩӵĻһΧֵҲ˵ǣһް˰ٴΣǲмֵܶóٻˣ˵ɶãֲǰֵŪмġ
˵ôզؼչֵܣҪء壡
Լܵ˽ɩӼޣ˼ҿ
˭
ɱ˵ˣûС˵סģס¥ģС˼ҿɥȥ
ȭͷƵģһȭһȭˮϣ쵼ڣǰʼٸ߽Ҳûòӣ˫ͨ죬ȭͷÿ죬޲ÿ˶һȭ
һǾ仰ϱ˵ˣ͸ɱˣ뱨Ĳκ˵Ȱ˵һӵίȫãСܽһƣȫŭӿԴ٣Դ裬ΪҸڣ㲻õȥϣߵҶȥ
Ŀͱһ˵ҿ㣬ϱҲ㡣㿴ôãϱΪ˵һ仰ûУΪ˵ĻѸ𣿡
ˮתͷһȦΧˣÿһָͷ˽ôˣûǺϱίֲ˿Ӳ˵۸ˣģ
Ļǳһ£һˣϽĺ˵޴˼ҵ£Ҳ˵⻰Ķ֪ԼʲôԼ衣
㿴ǣĲˣ浱ĳصĲɣ
Ǳùͬ־϶ϰô۸ǵģİűߵЬӴϣھȥϣ˵ˣ˭ȥ˭ڹ˵ģ
Ҫ˵Ķ𣿡
˵˭أˮּ
㿴Ҿ˵ǸӲˣ˵첻֪ԼΪʲôķݣ죬ҲܳĶȥǺϱгһ¶첻ˣҾͲսˣ
Ѿ³ʦҦίټ־ͲˣǶԻһʹɫ
һһָˮһְֻѽĵᳶ
ĲϣѾӣŭ֧оٶ˦һҵָ֣ˮı뵱˵Ķӣҽ컹㵱ˣ⹫㲻ȥҲȥǴϱҲøȥ
ҦίҪֳֽŻһұ˸ƣһҶ£ѽĿί˼˿ʦһհ칫ȥˡ
ڻһұɱۣһ
˿հ칫ͷһҼѾҧӡˣ˷ͷĳӡһ
ģңңǻһҡһ˫ڣڡ
ؿ޴ʲôǺģԭɵ㣬Ļȫʧء
һҡĵ𽥻ع飬ǰһǵɷЩǰԲԲ۲ۣҧˣ
ȥļ磬ǻֱԲҲá۲ۣҧҰɡ
˵ɵһֻǰøίˣҪйġ
ãˮҲһˣܵðˡ
쵼Ҳ֪˾ô£ڹС³çΪϱ䣬Էʱ״֪٣ܵ˼Ҽˣ붯ִˣʲôɲ
ϾԼֵµıųСܸĵǸ»СС»ˣٶˡ
һһֱڽĵԣḧıʹ
ҲԼٴʧأһֱŻһҵ֣մ졣
Сܱѹֵһαô쵼עʱֺ̬ܵ˵ͺ٣ԼǸе㱾µˣǵôҶȰÿ˰۾ϣһֲ˵ʹԽĵǸ
ĲҲԣ㰮˽
СôǸǼ쵼Ȱ˵ֻһҪ󣬰Ҫȥϱ
ҦίԾԱӻ֣ԱȥˮϱһȺ˶뿴˺ð죬ǽŮ˲鲻Ըˡ
ˣĻǺ򶨵ţŻһҵ֣ûſ
ûҿڽĽģһתͷôˣǹɱݵֳˣίί˵ӵһ룬Щְɷߵ쵼ǣֻʼˣ˵ԼǸ಻׵ŮĸףɩӽοɩȥܺˮֻܺȰ׿ˮ£·ëƤ¶岻ġ
˭ҲûĴʱվˣһҽͷ
İѱһѳӸ¿ˮ
žľ֣ݺݵ˦һƣͣ춼ˣ
˶롱վúϲ°ͣһӶҪôӦһʶڽ࣬Ҫ˺
һƣһԵ޹ʵҼҿĨӰ飬ŪǷǣҵģ
žһİžͺʹ
ƣûйܺˣΪԼ鷳
³ʦȷӦƨϣһ˰㰮ס
һҿɫѾƽ§ȥҵһϣһҾͰ뱧סֽĶһͰ§סڣ£ڵġ
һȥͷ˿صĽк
үҪɱ˰
үҪһ
Ҧίѧˣ³˵㸺飬Ҹͷǿ顣ű߶첽ȥˡ
³ʦһۣƻҦⶼʲô°
л˵
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71 
, ȫķڻһҿϣ, ʪ˻һؿڵ·, , Ʋסֱ, ޵ۺǺ죬һɱСһϧѡ
һҲŭ޲ûظոյİ칫Ұˮ޵°͸жˣǺ˵֪ʱ뿪, , §Լӣһһӣ±, ڡ
ҦίվſڣԴ˵ġԧ족, ԼİͷˣٵȻ
ƽԼ, Ӳٶ, ־, Ҳֹͣˣе㶪, ԼɷĻ, Ȼһ¡
һ, ǲǺܳ󣿡ɰͷؿڣ̧
˵ĹõİˡһԴѵø¶޲ðĸζͳ
ոҧ𣿡ڰͷ̧ȥļ򣬱һֹסˡ
ؼٿһѾͷҦίӰˡ
˵㲿ڲܣǾǵճìܣӼίԱǿֲܵģֵֻѿˮͷҪ쵼Ŀọֻ̈̄űܣҪ³ʦؼȥˡ
ĵ׺ǳ˵ϣô꣬ûôӵŮˣ˵˦˶⣬ǾһӶԥģҪǷŭݸʼٸߡ
һңҪ㲻˽Ǹˮܡĳ·ҪӦ
Ұˣһ֣ܶһҲѪԵģĸԼŮ˱۸
һ嶯ھеءŹ֣ڴˣô⣬ôŭҲûһҽ¡
ڲܴӦ㣬Ҫ롣һ֪ĵĹǣɵһôίˣһڲΣӰǰ̡
Ĭľؿ͵͵һ£һá
ҦίͷƺСˣ̤ȥ˵䣬ίί˵һңִˡ
ҿĶˣ࣬ȥҩƸͿͿ»رôˡһҰ˵࣬һִͺˡ
ĸոտ޹죬һźЦ漴ӣѽոŵ˰ɣϻȥǻ᲻ң˵òײĺأôûסƢô׶Ӹˡ
Щؼ˵һҰ§ס֪Ҫô¡
ȿȣҦίͷʵȥˣԷ޻ûˣǶԻڿأǵٯٯˣ
һæվͽ˵룬ʶ˵󣺡Ҧί
һңôãҿ㰮ҲˣȥҵԵҦҪ˴ߣͽ˵仰
һЩ̫ߣίѵһѵԼţҦϿˣ˿ȥɣſţǽˣֲϻʲôʳùƻеԵģҲͷ
һ£ȥɣҾ
һĥĥˡ
Ҧý£һۣԼһ󣬻ݣͷЩңܼᶨֱֱӣû㣬Ǵ󷽡
СǰɣҦҲ£棬λߵƣ˵Ҳһҵʦ磬ͬһʦҲܽһá
ʦáԡ
ҦϾЦЦһϱ˳Ÿ˶
СͷѾʹҶ˵ˣϱ˵ƲǣġʲôҪ˵𣿡Ҧ
Ҫ𣿡ûشҦίĻҲԼ֪𰸡
ҦѾܾûܺеˣӵıְͣʲô˼ҾʹʲôҪǲСıȥճףҹ˵˵һ˵ͣǲ˵ϣͷ˾ͻ򵥴ֱһС
˸ܺϵĽģһ䣬һʼЩ֣һλ߱ðĲ죬ת־ãԼǵ̫õˣ˵ôˡ
ҪǾأҦϿ
ھͳȥϱùϵͳҲ룬һ档û
ҪΪǵ˽أҦʡ
ھͺͻһһؼȥ¾͵ĨƽˡĲûһǣ
Ҧ̾˿ڱϣһɵɵôȢ˸Ůˣ
ˮ޺ۣˮͷ׼ôҦίһίʵġ
ҦίﲻѾдǸҾ͸ԭ𣿵ȻҪңȣҴˣں󣬳ƽˣˡҪʲộӱҦѹȡ
Ҧͷۣøողǻӻôôѹˣ¾ǺϡãǷǶԴֳҪֵϵͳͷȥʦҪҪˣʡ֪ʱõʦڲ³ܰһҵƤˣ
˲ҲȴٶӺˮֵͷȥ֪Ǹͷ˲ԸӰ첻ãһΪҳ󲻿Խй˼ɣܰѻһժĸʾԽܴ֮
ҪʱԵͷֻˮҲܺù
̵˶տڲҦί˿ڣˣ춼ˣȵ˵Ⱥһһȥɣﲻк˵뺢ӡ
İѵ⣬ûȷʵ嶯ˣûǵӣǲ죬ûеҳԾԣģϡ
һǡĸͷܵһͷԼһľͻᱻùѪͷҦϼ۵ģԼԴҲָָۣǰӣͷϽϱߡ
֮ǰҦֽסģĳغ˵һ䣺ˣۣˮҲǶˣȥú仰
Ҳô֪ôˣ룬Ҧί˸ллʦ㡣ͻһǣֻؼȥˡ
ȻһҺͽķߺҦϿͷ칫ⲽһ칫ȥˮ޻ڣһų湦СܶϵĳӪҲڣ³ʦͷ̣˶ȥˣ˭пǵ¹֥¶˵˵ȥ˵˼ҿ˿¶а
Ҧίͷһ³³ڿȥͷšϨôȻȥ
ˮ޲ҪǸ룬ǸƨãҪ⳥װƣ
ս⳥˻ӪҲҪңǰѽɤӣ߰Щٿоһסˣɤˣڴ帾Ӿܸѡ
ͰǼҵԺӺͺӵ·Һˮ˷裬ˣɼ˶
ˮҲ֧ģһƾʲôסôõķӣƾʲôͺ͵ӪƾʲôֻãӦðԺӺӪλö
ӪûȥСܣϱܹ죡
ˮ«Ƶģ˵û˵˵ľģ
³иЦ˳Ӷһ̣񣬵ϻôãŮ֮ļʱСҲź֣ʦѿҦƽʱǵ˼빤òλ
ҾûӪǷӲãߣû˼ңӪԶϰѵ߲СʱҺҦίĻԣӪؽˮҲ㣬һͰȥòã³и³һ̣Ц滢һСܺ
³ʦĻһ˻һҵԺӣȽҦίĺЩ˸䣬Ҧίĺá
Сһ³ʦЦëˣæ⣺˵ˣ
³ʦתͷҦί˵ǽ˼𼸸Ӿʹᵽȥѷø𣿡
Ҧûۿһʱ䲻֪Ǹͬ齭ıĴϣǸͬСȢ˸š
湦ϽˮһţʦίǸ˵ǿЦģ
ҲڷӦˣʦڷôǷޣˮսսվ֣ЦЦס¥ͦõģҪߣ
ǽ¶㻹˵ʲô³ʦʵڲһ绹Щ¶һ쵽æúܣ
ҳ嶯ȣýɩϻˣҸô򣡡СʱˣҲ֣쵼侲űԼС˾ͷ
⼸䣬ˮסڣ񾯸棬ٶ˵һ־ң
ҦίҲˣСܣСͷһֱҪȥϱģԼֵֵá
ˮҲһˣϵ·Ͱ͵ģͷ۾ŨĳޣʦίƫĻӪԼҲϰæ飬ǶǻģǶǷԼģһ죬Ҫñ³ʦߣҪѽܵ趼ֻ
һ̧ͷֳǸ⣺ҳ嶯ҰҲ˽ѵ뽭ɩӸ̧֣ͬ־鷳͵Ϊֹɡ
£ֻǿͷڣҲûӡ˵ͳˣͷͿôˡ
³ʦӻ֣ųӪȥɡ
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³иҦϸԻ˼ҡ
Һ³ʦİ˺֪µ·ӹŵӵţֳ˶ٸôصζ
ķ¶࣬Ͷ˼³ʦϴ裬ϼﴩ·棬һ
֪ͱ³ʦСһЩжִҹķˣˮӯӯЦʹʮúãЩûôԿ࣬˵ʮҲΪ
ȥ棬˸棺̣㡣վ³˱ˮ
ô˵һҵϱˣ鶼ˣͼ¥˶֪ˡ
ˣСܷޣϲ̨棡³и˿ڻĻͺ֪˵ˣҦϺͽĵĶԻҲ˵ˡ
һϱôѽһʼ˴ӣŰɣ³Ҳô˵ܲмٰɣ
֪ƶԽĵĹ۸кܸӣΪܿϻһǰ㣬ȻҲѵʱǰ̵ĻһҽܳȥŵڳŮӣ߰˴˿ʼǶˣ㶼Ǵѧϧⳡ˶飬ϲ˴ѧͥɷְŪòϲµģȻͻһҽ顣
֪游ʱιĹԱĸǴѧʦĸͼֵܽöϹѧԵɺϼ޸³иտʼֻдԼֵĴˣƽٿʼȫ³иİţͼ˲ܱܹⳡ˶ѵʱ
һҺ󣬺֪ƻһ󣬺ͷ룬С䲻˼㣬Ҳá
³иͲͬ⣬һֱ䲻ϻһңô粻ֲֽܿ㻹ҪŻһŻȹѵǼ꣬͸˼飬ʲôŮˣ壡
£³иͺ֪ƾ̧öθܣ˭Ҳ˵˭
³֪꣬ȥֿͷսʱܣ˵һڵϱģĸã
ʲô⣿³ֲǴͷͷϸˣ
룬³иʵ˵ԡһĸסﻰ
ܵиãʵġ㶼Ӵ˵˵֪شߴ٣Լɷ˵Ȼ
³и룬ֹ̳֪סˣڼҲ̡ܳ
³и˵һСûиĸԸһֱЩᣬµϲϺҪҪһԵŮƽһ£ʺ
֪󲻿죬šɷֱһѣ³ôվһأ
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72 
ͷѾȫ, Ҳ֪㣬һҺͽҺڽ˰ѵͲ˶Ӷ, ͱ߱߰εͷųˡ
һ, ·̫, Һ¡ͣ, ֱºڵġ
£ұȥһҰѵͲ£ý
ȥ, иߴɷ, һҵĶߣϲˡ˵ĻҲ˵
һںڰЦǰһͲ, Լİˣ, شûлؼҵ¶
ſڵʱ򣬻һҰѽķ˶ûոյ, , ˵, ׼ȥ֣ųҵţðӽӻ, ǰ, ȴԼ˵ơ
һƿ, ֣ӴŷԲԲͻĸڿѧд֣ˮͷûϴ롣
֣Ӻͼ̧ͷһЦԻ˵ǰˣ
һһҺͽģֽʣܣ裡
һ壬ѽײС˵㡣
ҲϵıʣܵñȻҸ죬󼸲ʱȴŽĵЩηӣС࿵֣С
ľ֪ˣͷƵҪʱȥİȫˡ
裬ڼҳ棡֣ģұıţ§סĲӣһ罭ĵģһд֣
ܵԼ·
Ҽ˻޾͹ȥˣһ䣬ƨߵߵȥдһ
ǵͷվԺĹȥסе㿹ܣ½ģĻסҲãҲãˡ֣ó𣿡
ĺóԡ֣һˣ˲ͣζѵ
ССģδӹǵһڳˮؽӵҲǻ˵ҿ޵ģʧصĽԴ˵ԸĻ˻ɣֻС֪ô˱ֳľη߲ǰ
һҹǱԺｲˣϽˮϴ衣
֣Ӽ˻ˣҲ׼Ůؼȥˣ·ڣ˸ոյĵͲ͵ſڲŻ
Ǻõģ֮󣬲ԸҼңҪԼңԼԼԷСĿ˴ĺ塣СˣҲ˼ġ֣ᣬȥˣȥɣίҲҪͼһ𡣡
Ľǰ˲һЦ
˯ʱ򣬻ͻҶһڴϹȦ˯ˣ˰ҹޣ޵úСֻèڽУȴܴΣ˳βһסˡ
һޣҹһҲſ˿޶ǱۣûͬһΡ
һѵģƽģҲˣŵȥ˵ôۣͷһӿ޵۾һ˱һǵı˳ǵ֣ᣬתѰ
ĻȥĻҵģңѣȥϳӣ
һˣӣڽĻۣ˷ۣٹҲ֪ûпǰĻһҺͽģðһûͷûԵĻСҪҡλһᣬ˵ֱ۾˯ˣûٿޣĺ
ĵᡰৡ͵ˣΪʲôҪֵõͻʲôƢѺӶˣҲ¶ˣ
ͷһ㣬һޣǺıڻһ壬ıûٿޣһֹ˿ޣͼ˯ˡ
ӷڴϣװİ׳ƻĬĬţԼĹ⡣
ķڻһһʹ޵ʵ⣬޵̣޵òѣһңҴҴˣ
ڲһʼôżŸ췿ӣŹԼҪ԰ǮûмƻŪüǮƱȱִ֪Щ϶Ҫ۵ģܵģΪʱܰƽЩ־õ鷳ȴûǵӻСһǰǵܵӰǸ桢޿ײġ
뷨ã
Ϊ˴ۣߵʱ˵ߵ˶ܵ˷ɡ
һҲ֪ô޳ģʲô鷳¶Ǽᶨ˵ǷޣҪվһģǲÿҲûԹһ䣬Ϊǰеļ֣ͺӶߣҷһ壬ҪŽᣬһµġ
ˮˣҧ»ؽѵҪˮܸҵı³ȥĿԲǾѵѵСӣ
ĻǿޣϣǴ21ܵһΣʧظû취׷ŹԼƺҪԼᶼڽꡣ
һһ˵˺ö£ĶûлӦֻǵÿˣ˿˯ĺӣ뵽£ӸĲͱݣӴ˾ţͺˡ
һȥϳӺòãԣ޷һιȥŬЦϧûŮˣֻóԵĹҲǣңԣòã
Ŀɵ㶵ǣżɷ֡ۡЦһݣˡ
ԼӲᣬһˮˮʪһӣһèȻһޡ
һңԺһ㣬ӡĿ޹˾ġ
ߵˣÿһά˻ЩӣÿնΧűҽУƽ൥رĿ֣ҲҪϧĹϵٰѰȻ˵䲻ģԺһβˣ
ãҲᱣ㣬һֱ㡣һʱ˵ľ仰
ڶգĴ˯ˣһҳȥѵûǣԼ緹ˣ˳ְҲϴˣǰ֣Ժժۻƹϣȥ˵仰
֣ˣ˯٣磬һҹһ
һ˵ܾˣҲû˯ãϾ飬ҿǡ
֣һۻƹϣԣͷãȥϰɡ
һߵӣв˶湦ųļ磬Ҳû˵ѵΰųһȥҦί칫ҡ
ҦίͲζڣΰ£ûһҲ
飬Сܺͷ˵׷ˣҶսѣһҦίֱӶԻһ˵˽
һȻҪ˵仰ҦίֹˣӳóţдžٱţͷдǾٱһڲ꣬ǧǮȻôǮӣ˵ҸŮϵȢڴͥںͽ§§粻ãŽȺڵȵȣӦð
һŭֲ׽Ӱ¶ûûˣ
Ҧίٱţǰ͵͵ŵϵģһֱû㽲ǶԷ˵ĲʵҺͲΡųΪ֤
һ㣬ͷŴƪһ仰᲻Ҫˣ˼ҵֺд˼ôȥ飡
ٿ˳ۻӪ³ʦĹϵҲʹʹӣֹغһ飬˵ԭ⣬ڰԼĵôͣοھ̰ǧǮñ׷ľල֧Ρ
Сܷ޵飬ЩĪеľٱţǾ㰮ʱ䣬ƽΪơҦί뵽ת˵ˣܲ˵ʲô춯صˣֵ͵
ǻһҵһ ڲӸоЩƣۣĵĿлҲٰԼС
ΰֻʮͬһңȫڳ˭Сܷޣһɧ³ʦҦί˼ܣҵǸųӪ˵һͰѵˣʦŭƻóһ
һֱٱҲǴ֪ͻһҼﲻͣȥһӪǳӮģǴµȻһʱ佻Լ˾Ҧίȥ
һ칫ңξ˵Ķִˣ͸ˣʶԼ鳤ǾпɩǸ
ȥһ˶ǳͳЩȥ
Žҵʱ򣬼֣üھӶˣϷʵĹϹǸġ
ҲЦһҽˮ˵֣վĥ˵һ˯˻ڶˡ
ΪһѧϰΨѧˣû裬Сҹȫû취֣ĥ˵˹˷˻꣬Сһޣ˾;ˣ޷йϣ־η
һҼָһСһҪ֣̽ţƺȫûӰеĲҲ泩ġ
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73 
µ׾, ˶ʼЩ궯һȫż٣˶ܾһ¹ڣǴ½յϼҼİ
һʱھӶϼҵز, ҲǶߵʳ, ȫصز, Ҿͼ֡
Ҳյھ͵ϼز, ӲѼըС㣬ûͣǳԵ̫ӣһֱûոСƵΧ
һŸо¸շ˵, иŮ, ӹòһѵؼңĶҲȥҺͽ˵˵, һӵͯȤ, д֣ĩźɽ𣬶ڻ, ʲôض, ԹĿ඼Ҫˡ
ԴˮֿԺ, ʹ޹һ׼ֽ, ֻҪյԼҷ, ²ͷ, ˭֪֮󣬷иɩھҪڼ¥ļҲԼֵĹϹ
֪һֱ£Ҷ޿ҪëСܼǳʮǰĻܷڼ¥ѾûԸС˵ˣ˭֪ʳʲô¶˭밲ӡ
СѧڵĹҲû䵽ϣѡһͬ־̫̫İ࣬ΪҪҹ￴ѧУţǵѡŮԲʡ
ڼ¥أ˾˵ĻĹǸͬ־϶ҲʲôˣѡǰŲڰ칫ˤ˱ӣȴҲû취һʶ
¥ǼɩӵֹάĲҪ֣ɩӻɩӼˣ϶кˣճԼڼ˱īþɱֽ֣鷨ͯӹ˳˷ǰĿαӶ֣׼ͻȥѧУȥǵø
Ҫѧ֣ӴŮԲԲɩӺͻɩˣʱʱߣ˳ְһĿڴ²Ьĵִõģ˻еƣͷˡ
ɩӶֻϹһ꼶ϽĽӣܺһѧѧ֣ƽ޲ˮ޺ۡ
ǰһյ糿ӣӳȥˣ̴ţ⣬Ǯ࣬ʼûʡǮҪ壬һѵ󣬹ǲеġ
ʱҪȥϳӣ״ӦʵëǮĳƱȥֻۣ˰æӴصѾӲֻ˸ӳԣںǲԵýζҲ˲
ʵʵڵظܵǮȱȴΪζԼ21ǲ֪˭ľʮǮ
˲ˣҲȥطͣСߡ
˭֪ôˣ··꣬ҲźˣɨһۣͲٿ˵˵Ǻ޶۹ⶢӶѡ
İǣϣĿб·ȴڴģ˳ǸҪ취
ϴòˣ׼ͷ˺ɩӣȥţϵʵԱţģܺһӷģЩ⻹ǵһ յһϼҵţЩ棬ʲô۶ˣ
һûͰǷŷźã𿪽һţմŷ⣬Сľһһ⹫ŵ𣿡
Žյıɷݶ⹫ָǼóԵʲôʱǼס
һд⹫ţҾ֣˵Ҫдţ
ӵͷֽóһ򿪣ͷȻʮǮǽҸĸϻյһʮǮ󣬾òŮŮǮָʮĻ
ԤУִһ⽭ҵţһʮǮǽĸġ
ʹȥ⹫šıӶµûţ§סӵСԴſꡣ
ҰԽİǳԱģӲرǿ϶֪ʮڶԽ˵ζʲôζŽܳŵʮһõһҵĹʣǵǷҪ˽ǮգҲζܼӶһˣʵʵڵԲڡ
һһʱİӷǷŽʵԱģԼ
һҲ⣬绹ܸдţ𿪿һ£Ĭһ
װŵݣȴʮһҵı飬ǻдҪǮȰܾʵҪǾ͹˵
˭֪һҲûֱӰŸȻдţ˵·ӷ棬֪Ѻǽˣдʻһôˣ߰ΣܲĸգƬӡ
ĿţۣʶһĻһҪ˵Ҫߣ϶ʹҺֻҪһƬҪߡ
ܣһҰǰ޵¶Ҫġ
Ҳû飬ݲ˷ˣЩơ
˯ǰڴ֣Ƶ˱ڵһּëǮ㣬ԼͷǮϽҸĸĹģ֧ŵʮһ£ƱȱҲҪˣͷԣЩҪǮظҸĸҪλ˼ҵǮ
һϴ裬ߣֽһ˵֣ģǹģˡ
䲻ôһᣬֶһ£ɲǹ̵ģһүү̵ģүүһСʯͷĻƣÿÿ¶м¼֧ϰߣСĿȾѧˣû뵽ˡ
㿴Ϊÿն⣬ÿ֧Ƕʮ嵽ʮǮң֧ʮ£ҪʮǮܶԷͻ¼ѾǽͰ͵
תƻ⣬ֽϵϰʮǮˣǳŵʮһ²⡣һɶ
ѾҲ̴㶨һţ⣬ţ档Ǽһֻܳһ⣬Բֻ֣йִڲȾƣȥƿơƣƹϸ;ơ
һ̲סǰϣġ
С˲ˡСԴҲչ˽
ˣгԵģСˣǮҲ֪СǮĽţʱ򻹻Ͳ̴˵ЩСҲһæθУⷽرͻʱĶ̫£ۡ
УǶ˲ˣϴ롣ĵĹܼţ˯ɡǵĶͷ˯ȥ
ԴҰҹ޺󣬻һҺͽľûûסһ¶ˣٰ꣬ѺһЩ˵ɡ
ڶһڼңֻ֪д˻ţȻʹſɽȥŪˣڶľͷͼǸ񷿸ˣıҪҪȥգͷæŪ緹¾ˡ
˻֣ɩӻлɩӶţ˵ҪȥҦίĶľȣΪʲôҪȥң³ʦأ
С㲻֪𣿡ɩҲ죬Ҧίİ˺öǰûˣһֱһ˴ӹӣûŮ˲ٳ֣ġһ˵û˾ˮһʱ򶼻ȥ͵񡣡
һңҲ˵һĴҴææۻȥ䵹񿴻ʲôóģ±ûҪŸӳԵģãֻõһǺɩӸӣԺժ˵˶ǡ
ҼĳҲҪȥһȺ˺ƺƵҦίͷȥˡ
ҦίѾкüɩͶҲЩĳʳǣҦίĴҦ໹ɷнµصǼǣСҦ˼ڰ˭ҵʲô
һܲ
ǹһ
˭˭˭һӡ
ȵȣڻ¡
ľûͦ˼ԼĶݸҦ˼Ҧ˼һͷסˣΪһʼӪңһһ˶٣ϲ磬ǣаǣ
ҦҲ±ʣǿһɲһӾӨİ
̧ͷ̿ŽģǸǼҵ𣿡
ȻǰʮëͷСӣ־ЩƽʱҦίæŹҲٸǳԣڼŰǾͻڣһҼҲ
ллҦ˼Цеģͱͱĸ첲磬Ҫ԰Ƿ
İѻҽйи磬Ǽȥ
С͹ɵؽ磬ɰСһǰȥǣҦ˼֣磬ȥǼ
ãԺ˭۸㣬߸磬ȥҦ˼İǣؿڳŵС¶
ãСʯͷи磬ֽ治Ӯǣ˵ҪҺҵܵܣñǿ״Ҫ֪Ǹֽһ㣬ôĺӶûӮ
˶Ц˶Ǻúùڣתͷؼˡ


74 
ڵ, ϡҼһŵ, ƽе˼ڳԷϴ, ˽, Ҳû˽ʡһ, СԺǰ¥¥µĵƶ򿪣õġ
ڳˣһͷŰСڿӣĵ˵, ͷڳ, һСŪӰסһϵġ
Ļ˻ֽɩӰæ˼º̬ӺֽǷ, йڵա
ͷţˣ˶, ĺһʰӣһӦһСٵֻһ, õȻ
, ŵƵǰ, ܵȥС˲ˣ
ԣÿӼ˿鱬ţ, ͵, ó𣿡
óԣ㣡ԵСԶ͡
, ˳ȥСĵ㡣İǵţŵϡ
˫ס۶ϵţ⣬ߵúµˡ
ĻȻͷ۵һʲôĶˣװţӾ裬ĿӣſȥֻˤڵأǵţҲȫڵϲܳˡ
һҺͻڿ˳һڶǱĻ
ǸǿŮӣ˴ޣԼƨɾܼ棬ȴᣬſڵϣδεصһУתͷ޳˵ǿģǺ˳Ŀᶼڵû
°ֺСѣСÿڵűǮһҺͽ˵Ǯû͵ܵܣҲ֪һţԼ˵Ǻġ
ǰڳˮأֲСİһ뼦ˣүŵ׷򣬴󲮻ൽȥؼ˯ſںһޣĸۺӣҹŽǱһ·ȽŶȳġ
ôóôţˣֺСҲҪõӴ˰ɣǻ᲻᲻ҪԼˣԼؼң᲻Լͻү̼ȥԽԽţԽԽޣԽԽ޵˶Ҫˡ
֣Ѳ˴ӳ˳ͷӵĿһ䣺Сºú˵ӣ
ϱƲ죺²ǺӺ˰ɡ
֣ӰһۣӣСᶯ֡
⻰ģӶ룬˽Ŷԣ
Ŷඥ켸䣬ȴɷ֣Ǹɫһ죬ٿڡ
ҲĿһܹȥſְӶóӸ᣺ˤúĶۣҿѪûУô޳
һҲͷȥϥǺƣ˵ƤǴ£õͿһͿͺˡ
裬Ҫң޵ñ嶼ˣ˫סĵĲӣ˫ҵţ裬ҲǹˤӵģҪң
סһҲ˶ǻһν裬ССͣΪ֮ĳƺˣȴͻȻ˿ڡ
ûûУĻ᲻Ҫ㡣ҿǲǿ޳ɻèˣİıʲôͽʲôɣ޳»𣿡
޵ôãͨ죬ʳԲ⣬ͣؿ޼˵ԡ
İϣӹһóĵƣͿͿţˣָϴ֣¾ͳԷˣ극˵Ҫ͵ܵСٵƳȥҷ𣿡
ŴӴתСҭˮϴ۾ӳŰ׵ƣ裬Ժ󲻽Сˡе㺦ߣֱסĵĲӣߣҡ
㣬Թԣˡû£ıһٽ⿪СֱۣվûһȥѳſǵţɨߣٳˣȻȥ֣Ӽι
Էʱ򣬻һرãŽơƣСˣôҲû뵽ԼлԲСӡ
Ҳ볢һұơζҡֱֵۣһ˿ӣ˵ҿѺȣ
޹ŽţôҲϺֿһơƣͻҲͬ˵Ҫ
ĿЦãǺ˰ۣСܺȾƣ棡ֵ˻һһۣ֡
ڼͽ˶ģһҾ˸費ãܺȡ
Է󣬻һϴ룬İ±һˮڳһ˵ſȥ£Сٵƣ㿴ҵģҿģʵòˣŽȥ֣̼ңҪԲԲҫһǵĵơ
˳ţȥ֣ι
֣֪ոպΪʲô޵ôҲСƢãԺаģôһţ⣬Ⱑ˼ʮ²óһ٣ۣŮˤˣ궼ᶯִӡ
裬ҲҪСٵƣͷúãҲŪһǻؼðָҲһ
ȥɣŵܵܣСĿ·ĶǼܵĺӡ
֣Ŀڽĵ˳ҲЦ⺢˼
Ķеˣû룬ӣȴʵ˵ˡ
ſ˭һҺͽԼСԺºȲ裬˵л
Ҹţ˵ǺܺãûȥգַһҰѸĻŸ˽ģЩ²ţ̫ˣҪġ
Ҳ⣬һҲǳ𣬵Ӻģ뿪ôСĻҲŲʼ£ʵڲԭ¡
˭˭˭ɣ±ɣϧǰ
ϺѾԸܵˣǴģҲЬ˲Ь
ǹڣʮһţİԭ˵ģһ볤棬ա
һż٣ȥϰɡһҴڳ棬кöɻȥģǿһ˶죬źڼұ߿߳ʳ
ãҲҪȥϣ˵öˡľϸ㣬ȥ֧ܳ
ˣҿɩӼؽѣ˵ǹһ¾ҪʼڴײˡͷԺӿһۣǲǵڸؽѣСԺûС
һҳ棬죺ҪģҾ˹æһ
ڶգһȥ򣬻ģſڻһҼϣ̶̵ָֻ裬һܳӣ
ӣͲٳˡӰƴ󣬴˳һ뱥οǺӡ
ǺðɣһӣٳԵġһΣԼĶ滮װ׵ġ
ϣԹӣҪȥͷԵСŻһȥȡҼżͰ
˷̵꣬кĻǸ̶СˣԱ񲻶࣬ȥȥˡ
Ҫ·ߣҪ˹ӺɽƬЩɽ
̶С˸ӵʱ򣬺񲻾˵˾仰ɤ۶ＷɿҪ𣿡
һʼû壺ʲô
̶С˵һ䣬Ǻܵͣɿ
Ŀһ鲼ƿһ۵װ˼װӡŴͷɿֶǶģ̶˼ĿͰѲָϣҪǮһ̵˿ʮģҪƱ
⻹ǽĴԽһ ɿװϢ̶óһƳЩϻͦصģʵϣǮ̫ˣ顣
Ӧ̶۶ԼĻϰ˾ͷŵȥٶԼ׬Ǯ
˻ˣͲ򣬵ʲôң̶۰ѽϵɿû
Ŀӣ࣬һ飬˵ſǮ
̶۶۾еֱҧҧʣҪ
ŴŽ᣺һ顣ȥɿ
̶۾ûô󷽵ĿˣϽӶëǮݸģԼǮ׬٣ô׬ˡ
ĶĻĿΧûˣǰȥ̶۶
̶۶һۣôܴء
ľŶһûٶʣʵײµ𰸣ӷ𳵵ǰ죬ٵ߾Ҳʱ䣬ƷҲ֣ѿ϶٣̶۶Ҳ֪ôŪ
ԼڴǮ˸⣬ԼһʾֺͻһǼϣɿĸ˽һţĻõ籨ظѸһЩ
ĵ㣬һĿؼңİɿóһС飬ָһҺӳԣζɿүģؾһҶ۰ͰͿһ顣
Сıӣһһ㣬ٸǣҪǵˢ
ֺͻһĸĩϢʱȥһ£ţǻûȥء
һҳС˯ţýٸһɿŴӦиͻѵٹһ¡
ҲС㽭յɿʱ䣬öʱ׼׼
л˵
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75 
һʱ, һѵԼ˸ؽѣھǽ̵ķ˳ߴ, ͷСС, һѵٰæŪƽ, æ, һͥ˵ĵؽѾˡ
Ѿʼѧһ꼶ĿαЩᣬǷҪȥһʱԼѧѧʦ˿ô, ǸɴظԼǰ·, ʶֲ࣬ʼ鷨
ǸСӣСƺرȣ, רעãƽֱڻ, ĶǸӣ˶ҪϸЩ
ȴǺö棬д־ͣһͣ, һ, ע, ҲûǿֲҪ鷨, ԰, Ƕ˹, ÿһСʱˣС
ɩӺͻɩӿӵֶ̾ڵĺʱ̫ˣֽбʣðũС̵ҲãһأԼѧ˲ֽ֣ܿ붮ˡ
ɩӾͿЦ˵Сöɩ㶼ֻԼ֣ɴŮɨä࣬Ҳ̽ǡ
ǰ˵˶򣬸һֻǸϣֻҲǸϣҿСʺϵʦģ͸дҲÿɩҲ˵ؼҺ̧ܣñֽϵĻˡ
ԭɨäģϿεصڴСͷһڿΣϿ࣬˵ֵ֪ʦ첻רǵ////ңֻӲܽЩõƶҪʦѧУҵţ³ʦ˿ǹȥŰµѹ
һ֣ĸ˻ԸȥɨäʦǸʶֵĶͷȥɣ֯ҲΣɨä࣬಻һ¾ͽˡ
λɩӵĻЦЦ̺Լҵ飬úûǹԼ֪
ɨä࣬־ӵģ͵ûѺôƻֺãվǰͷӵ飬ֱһòײƽֳͷ£ˡ
λɩӼģͲٶ˵˵챸˵£Ѿ½½ҶһЩȽͷŵĲˣ˵ļҪʼЩˣ´ĸ裬Ǵ׵Ǽȥѧ
ǰԺӵĶ˼ƿըͻһҳԷʱ򣬶һ泩ϧը㣬ͣ˿ʣµͣҶģһŰɣûƱˡ
ڵȴĻһȥЩӽĺѧ߲ˣǼһ¥һ겻Ŀշװ˺ü̳ƵĶҪʮ²ܿóԡ
ΪŴ֣ӻ׾ƣ˵Щ˪֮¸ѩͷ˷磬صңƬŵŴ׾ͷСһ£һڣȫչ
һ뵽һÿѵ⣬Ҫߺþõ·ؼң·Ͽ϶Ҫ磬ȾҲˣصҾܺȿȵģ˸ģÿ춼Ҫ֣ȥһ̳ô
֣ʱҲ룬⽭ԼĶϱã°ɷӷϣϧˡ
˪գܵһ⣬ףŴţϵĲݹȻѾһװ׷˪ϵҶƵ䣬ؼ䶼Щɪ
Ŵ磬Ŀ˹ӣףЬӣ¥
˪ɩǲŴһˣ˵˪ˮ˲ζ
һ̳˵ʱͷʵԱ˵żͻ㵥
Ķ©һģ˼ﻹпˣɾ֣ܵ¥ҵȥţҲǸŸţ־дررݣ˵ѾյɿͺһһؼȥԣһȻʮǮȥˣΪǸᣬԪһţͺ͵͵ǮýĿŰ죬Ϣ籨ظ
С粻С磡Ȼǰٷְ
ġ࣡һŻ˲ƽϢҪ侲ҪмƻҪԼȣҪҵһʵϼңҪȥҪ⣬ǧǧ֮ܲԾԲ֪
ҪǣǷҪ֪һң
Ϊ̫ûȥ¥ºˣ裬ְīˮˣѽ
ĺܷӦͶˣ׸òøһɵ֪˵׸ò롣
裬ͻ¥¿ʼˣܵܣңҵֽ
ҪҪë׷ŻܣҪдϣ
ˣİѻżڴ棬¥ܡ
ƶȶͻһİȫУҲսƤÿٱ飬ÿһζҪ浱У˭˭˭˭Ӯÿ춼ֵˣֻ˯Ųͣ
İɫèԼȥϴˮ׼ܣ׼īˮ·ϣְѾɱֽдΣֻС˼ɡ
˼죬ǰӶļҾ߾͵ˣ¥ߵͶ񣬷Ĵ¹񣬻һ׽õСɳںú󣬽İѻһԭľŮڶϣһ˿Ǹ΢΢Ц
һһԼ·ȫµ¹ϣ룬е㰬ݵζǲ
ҴȥĸգĻȥҲӳʲô룬ǸĸƬ˳ȥ绰
һû
Ҫӵһ𣿡ʣǾͶһš
һҺܾû˵˵ġ
ĴŻգ˵ùʮãȥʾִ绰绰Ҫʵ֣ʵת֣ת¸շ칫ң˲
ͳ¸շ溮󣬹˼ӣӵ绰һЩʵСã
Ҳ̼С磡𣿡
ãɩƽƽãأһҺû۸㣿ĵľС۸Ǽֲߡ
˾ˣ˾ˣǻңҲ֪ǸֵĶǸʲôõģͷи˵ĸ磬ͽýо˾ˡ
˾ˣңǻҺҲź
ĵ˸бɢѻͲͽ˵벻Сúദã˵仰ӵ
˾ˣ⹫סһʲôʱ棿
⹫żĵǺóԣлл⹫ţ
˾ˣ˵иƽƽܵܣøһٷܲܳһ룿
˾ˣ˾ˣ˵ѽ
ˣͣ۷һòѻͲԶ˵ ֻƽƽһӣҲޣȫû˫ЧС赱÷Ѷ䡣
İѻͲӻûÿ춼ֵģаҡ
ڵ绰ͷЦҲû˸տʼĳأװҳ˵иһ޻ʱļޱûᣬ㵽ʱ˽һ¾ͺá
ľˣǺŵ·ʼ·ߣ߻˻תٵûԼķֻҪУûȫ¾ȥ£ܵùһ»һҡ
С磬֪ˡʰãһ׼ʱдŵġĿ˵Ĳ࣬׼ҵ绰ˡ
ͷ˵һ䣺Сãѹ̫Ļǵúͼ˵
İɸ硣ǱоԼͷŵ¡
ؼң˰·̥ˣ˾Ҫ̥ô³Ŀ³ߣԶڳš
ͣԱ߾һտأĴС˳ºܽȥҲˣֲȥҪȥֻðϡ
˾̥󣬴ҰϳСںͷ
һ󣬻ͻȻһ֧ССûнտ裬͸ġ
ľϲĶժģȷʵȴûժ
ģֱȻһ£ժģһšһšͺˡ
ҡǶտֻ˼ңҲŷּ˿ˣ³ʦˣҦίųΰŵļӪǼҡ
ԭǵѵ˽˵һųΰӪ˵Ҫףһ£˵һҼҸ·еƣܳԷȾĵЩԼȥһҼңҲһů
·³ʦ򸾣ɴͰǺҦίһ˹
ĿһˣûһҰæܣӹһˣ˽ƣۣʲôԵкҳԷȾƵģЩЩˣƴƴմգС
ĻûϸڵķǰȥС˼ƿơƣԼ׾ҲʹصһС
ӣĻæһͷҳԵúܾˣĵҲܾˡ
³ʦ̫̫֪ûæʱʱŽģǶرŮˣͨɩûڷΧ̨ת޷Щûŵڵ󾢶㣬ǲһˡ
ͻҸŽܽܳż͵һ⣬֣Ҳģиݣ˷ϻضţӰָҰæ˲ˡ
ȳԷʱ򣬺֪ڽĺԱߣúɩӱľǷӳԷϣƺЩ۹ͷˣͳԵ١
֪Ҳ˼§Żʣϲ裬裿
壬ʵҲвôʹǽܣһʼЩţתͷһ۽ģСĵҲȥǵͣö˶˵ģͻȻ֪һڷޣ
ıΪסЩؾһ䣬ֲ˼վϴʪӵݸ֪ƣɩӣ˼û̺úӣ˵ˣ
ҲͣһѾʼŭΰ̵Ǹ
ҲéʯͷֳӲҲֻ֪裬ʱ˷Խǻˣ
ϵ˷¾Ʊ˶ʼڽ³ʦҦίˣԼһ¾ͺã쵼Χͬˡ
˾³ʦҲ˵ϾǸӣܸӼƽ𣿾ú֪ԼȥϴϴӲСĵģ¶ɾС
³֪ţûùĵݹӣԼϵ׷ûҽ̵ҰӣôİѺӽ˸ԺôҸżң
ʱҦίǾƱû֪ͷ˺˵ľƣŮ˺ͺȥҾͲڼҳ컹źӳԷ¶
⻰û˵ΰȽȥί۸Ǻȣ
һҺͽĵȻҲõſ˵ѵֻðٲٳ⣡
ԾͲԣҲŲҪһԷ˫ֽǰԼ˶ΰ顣
òһ㣡Ķº˵ôǣ
ԣҲѿӺ͵һӵˣ㣬¥ȥ
һĽģ¥ȥˣһ¥˵ƣܶ֨֨Ц
Ϳ͵ʱ򣬻һҺͽվſڣҦίҪȥͷþˣֻʣһںͷ
Ҧһں棬³ͺ֪ǰͷͬ·ȥ
˵ͣҦֻͷԽ˵ãӣ֪ôˡ
ȻһҲЩԺҦֻЦһ䣺ˡû˵ˡ
л˵
¸˺þã~


76 
Ҧίһ仰, ûףʻһô£һҵ, Ҧίȥİ˺ɩദò̫, Ҳ˵̫, ǹڳû˵
һӾ, Ů˵ͨìܣǻ࿴𣬵ܣҲм˵ԷĻ, һЩνĸеԼסԼΪ, ǲͶԷ˵
Ǵ˵£ǼҲûϵȥĹĻô¡
¿ˮ緹, µȻҪģһҺ˵, һ԰ѭѭյǸ̺˵ʲôˣ𣿡
ߣ˵Ϊʲôſ־ճҪı, , ϲ㡣
, Ҳϲ㡣Ժˣ֪𣿡§, ı, , Ҫ˿õʱúҪòǲ˵ˣҪ͵ܵһ𵱺úѽ
Ǹ̲ò˵ȻΪ֪ǸˣСϲˣ費ϲҲϲ
ӦңԺòˣҲܳ˼¿ˮȻ...Ļô
ȻͷվˣùӴƣһҵĻͽһƬֱ࣬ҪѻıѵĿϵĳ٣³ʦİˣϻųۣͬȥ˵ͽû̺úӣ
һѪûҶصȥڽĺͷ¶ֻ۾ޡ
ɻ֣˵ǲ˵вҲ˵
Ĳֶֽ֧СɻͻȻһУҲֵģǺ֪Ƶ˵ʲôûԸСɱǸܽС
Ϊûѵ޶˻Ǿڵڶ糿ǽվ˰Сʱ˽лʱֽźˣɾ˷Ҳû˵һĻ
¿ӣı߸ִţһ䡣
漸죬һһҪܽ᱾ѵҲûûʱ俪ȥĽš
ҲûΪǮʱҲ룬ҪҪͻһҴкҪ㵹飬ȻڰûһƲɺͷиһۻһңҲڼ屻ɻˣٷŷţ۲۲졣
֮䳤סһ𣬶Է΢е㶯ͱ仯Ǻױ۲쵽ģ⼸ճĬĻһңżҹĻ̾ͺܲԾˡ
һϣȺ˯֮󣬽ĻڵǮͰ͵ʲôʱܵͷ
ƶ̫ʹ˷ˡ
һϴ裬ͷɳϣһŽıֽ֪ڷʲô
ҲЩ˿Сˣ͹˷ź͵ƣͻһ˵ôˣ̾ģ¶ܷ𣿡
һҰڻ¶ͷ죬˻ʣڻжǮ
ôͻȻǮ¶ÿն
ϰϻؼĹģ߰ʮնǮӷǱҪǮ𣿺ܼ𣿡
żĻһҴҲ̾ˡ
ԸĸԹкޣȴʼû˵ҪϵǱߵϵĺٸЩǵͨҲǲʵģΪ֪˵һҪֲĺͯĸڣһҾ;еǸͯʼϣֲܵǸǰ⡣
ģ˵⻰̫⡣һȰסĻȷʵЩԡ
һͲ⡣ûϣҪǻҵҪһһЩҲǲеġ
ҵһһ˵꣬ס˽ĵ֡
ôҲʶ½
һ£ԼĶ䣺˵ʲô˭
ڸһһסÿھǿ׬ǮұͺܲףܸܲǮ...һҼĵɫˣ˫ᣬϽſѹ֣סգȴƲ㿪
˫ַرסԼؿڣû֪㣬ԶԶģģκθӣǲʶǰһ糿ǳŻӵǣڴôܣޱؽɶԷԷȡС˵չǰ޺ǰ޵ļˣǮ¡
ģǰҺܺãҶʶ֣ҿαǸܺˡһҼĽͣδڽϿİ˵ɫɫҺ¡
һң˵һ飬ڰ˭ҪǮĵᡣ
ģҺˣ...Ǻӵ裬ǣҲйģοǰֵͬܡһŬֻͣһ硣
ʮǮ¹һҪȥáú˵ϣףڵĸǵŮڵӽģλ˼ʡԼüǮڵӽģͬǮ͸ǰ޺ļˣǵ
һұƮƮס˵˵վȥǱʽҪ֧һĿڵʮһµʮǮֻǿŽģɽĲ
ͬǮҪͬ飬ͿȥҾͻԼҡľԼһ죬ôôһ죬˺ܶѪ벹ó첹Ļ˿Ҳûж˵ڵĻҲòᡣ
ģһվ˱ס뿪ԼߣҵĴҵĴҲÿڣ˲ˣҲˣ
ǲ飬Բ飡ļҾҪؾͻңһҪǶڻԶǶԼϣĽģ½ʰкһ뿪
һңҴˣſҰɡǻѹסĶˣȴѣ໰Էһҵģ˵֪ô˵ĺɷԼλ˼һ£һ˿˿ǹĸܣôῪڣôһأ
һҰ˷ſȴʼհѽıǰ뿴뽭ĵ۾ȴ۾Խ֪ڿʲôط
ʵʲôû룬ֻǾù¶ʧȥһУΪʲôÿһҪ⣬ԼûԼ21͵ǸСӣͷڷ絲꣬ǹ룬ʱûаˣʼջԼȥ
һңһΪ㰮ءǳЦһ£ˮ˳ֲɣֳЦһ£һˣһΪһ޶İءôΣԭᰡ
ôᣬһԹһҵĶ䣬ܿʧˡ
ᣡģҰ㣬ģҴˣҵĴһҼһͷҲ֪Լôˣ˺ɩӸź͵籨һӾˣսʱ㽣ճʱӯǳĺЦ飬ȡԺѧ¡
һҺʱҲŸնʮͷԭļͥôӭع飬˵ֽǺܲģܹͥܰ˵Ĺذ
ʱǺܷԵģŸһдüţԼӣһܴӦһʱԡһʱҲǲģӶˣҲҪְַˣɵֲļ֣Ϊ飬԰ѺӶִĻһң֤ܵһضû
ͺɩͬѧ͵籨ɩӽǮǼңΪķβַˣס˺þõԺǮѾ꣬ɩӰæɹһأúɩӺͻһ˵ûһҽǮתתָм
ΪǰҲǼֽ㣬ٶǮһҾ;ͷĻҲʲô£壬Ҳ˵ǮҪŰ죬ͻһ죬˭֪ľôķӦĻ˵ˣıⲢ˰
һңҾԼЦĵֹסڼձߣҲ˲ˣ㣬ӣҺúóȥ...ǰиôǮĻᣬǮԸͥһУ˼Ż᲻Ӱ첻ãǷҪңҪʲôһΪٳּͥӣһоǣǰޣҪ
ҪҪֻҪһģֻҪһһҲᣬְ˱ڻﲻϷſ˵Щʡ
㣬˭Ҫ˵ģǷޣκ¶ҪŰģҾ㲻ͬĻǾͲôòã
ģԭңԭôҲ˵㿴ңһҺȥᣬҴˣԭһأòã
ǽֻǾúۣⳡǲǸѡ񾿾ȥη
ڻһҵУ۽ɨǸڶϵľŮǸˮӣЦôô㣬ôЦһЦ


77 
һҺͽĶ֪ôȥġ
һȥϰ, ȥӵٳţİƿˣһҹû˯, ƣ, ĺ, ҪߺҪ֮ǻ, ʼղ˯
ˣĻڴϣۿոѩ׵컨壬Ҳû˵
һЩԺԼȵСȥĵ, غ, 
Լܴ··ЬƤЦشչ׽ĵ, ָС𴲣̫ɹƨˡ
ǿ¶һЦ, Ұ·ϣǣȥˢ, ܵװˮ, ҵȻ, ˮ
Ҿֱ¥ˡ
ŴԼסɬ۾, , ҪԽ̫, ˷ţͰǸľŮôɩ͵ǿ첼ס¹
һգճֻｫһգ۶ˡ
ĵսĬûһҼȲۣûǱߵ£ɽҲûں˵һ֣ŬͽĽԼѵ·èèǰڱ߾̵¶ЩȤսѣԼ˵ȫ˵ˣɽӦԭȵգסˡ
Ҷо֮ı䣬⼸Ҳ˺ܶ࣬˵ǰҪһ㶵ĽģСֹ
֣ӺƶλɩҵʱҲ˽ĵĲɣ˶ۣòǺСˣ
ɩǸֱӵˣҲܽǷǳſھ˵ҼǸøζۣʵˣԼܵͷȥһȥĹȫһ飬ˬˡ
ѽ˵ǺһӣնԼԼ̫ܹúáɩӶ鲻࣬ҲԼĻ⡣
ССʱһɷ򿴵̫أͰԼ̫ˡɩӽ
ЩɩӿɳŲٿ࣬ҵĶųҲǸʲô񣬷ϱִվԱߣŪڼҵĵλʮΣʱӶҳС
ȥʱΪϱæǰæТԹ˵ûչ˺ãŲûɰˣɩŵĹײǰ޵øγϣǿɥΪԼ޵ģԼڰĥ˵Ĺ̫Űˣ޹֮˾ˣʱɷŵķǰ˿ڿˮ϶Ϸޣŵ·ǰʹЩ꺢ӴˣҲȥˣզզأž϶һˣþ˲ɣ
磬ӷҲˣֻǺ϶ĸȴձɽһСһ󳳣Ҳزǰˣڻɩ뿪ˣںˣÿƹԼġ
ǰЩعѵ֣Ҳͬ⣺ڡɷǰǸ߶żңҸϼҵСԣ춼Σһ˵ס©ˮһ˵ԼЬӲϽҸ˫Ь˷ҲŹ㡣
żھȰҲЦﲻġ
ѽ㲻ŶˣΣ츲أɩ̬񣬴϶ʵ̫Ŀӣ˷ء
Ĳ֪ôÿһڻⶼǲһģҪһʱͿռ
磬Ŀ̫ã֣ӺɩæŻңԼߵӱȥɢˣҲҲѧѧɩӣû˵ĺйһ¿ơ
ӽҰѼɣ˰ɫ«έȺҰѼӻͷĩͻɵů͵ĵطٻ
ҰѼɲӣ˵ǴӾģ˾ڣˮСʱһ㱡ʡһӻ㼯󺣡
źӰߣɹ̫磬شһƽԭ˶ûУӱżмֻҰѼӵĽѼӸĵļž
Ҫ˵ʲôʵҲûУֻãȻ֪һôߡ
ոʱţعζܴΪһãû˷ʵСȥĵطҲ٣ȱǷţﶼȥˡ
һҲǸˣǸɷ򡢺ðְ֡ǰֻ˵һƷʣƷҪöԵطܳΪá
Ǯһ𣬽ľʹĵһʧܵˣ˵Լصȥԭ
ҪĶ࣬ϼᶨĳŵึĹʶҲãǮҲãÿһԼȥȡģɵͷôôأ
¸£мֻҰѼɹǰӺӵһͷɵһͷȥ
ʰϼƬʯƬˮ϶ȥܲƲˮƯʯƬȫٳˮףա
ȥɣȥһϼңܲԼ飬ձڼȥȥô⣬еҲҪˡ
ĿƬ«έһգ˾ģԳ룬û˺ޱذҪ԰һ׬ȥ׬׬ǮҲá
ߵʱ򣬽˼«έ׼ȥӣӴ棬ûй
«έʱ򣬲ŷǰҰѼһжʮҡҡûзģϽժ˼ƬҶӣǿΧһӣЩҰѼװȥȥһ̳Ѽˡ
飿ûôס
뵽Լ顱죬ҪԽĸԵġǿŵ֧֣û취˵Լȥ
ܹ黹ɡ
Ѽصʱ֣ӺɩӻڣɩҲˣϵѼ֪ȥͷҰѼˣķ˼ǴؼңʣµȫѼ
СѽʱҰѼˣ㻹ҵôࡣɩӰѼϴɾַŽ̳Σվƣһºܳˡ
裬»ȥҲҪȥѼʲô¶ȥ
дûĴˮϴɾ֣ҪͻҵĽ֡
мûдܻȥʡܵҲûдã
ǾСͷ͵ͷһ£㣡дĲþдһ飡
ɩЦǺǣͽϤʲô˵ˣСˣǵóȻǿҲñˣ
ĵڶһֱûزεĵȥ˺ڣǿȥĽţֻԼһţĩһҷżٿԿźӣһȥ̽̽·оȥڶˡ
ŵǺˣȥɶľ˵ȥ׺·ټϵһ ʲôҪģ˳һˡ
ɣȥʱҲžͿˣ˵Ҫȥæʽµ޲˵ҪĻϼȥģҲӦˡ
ϵȺ˯ʱŽųһҿ
һѵ󣬽ĺսڼҲû˯ãɫЩ㲣һ£ΪҪȥˣһȥԴУдȥջء
˵ãһȥ𣿡һҿ׽һ㣬ȴתվ
һңڣʵ㡣ľú࣬Իһżκġ
ģҴˣҲ£ٴοԭҡ𣿡һٴϴûдЩ⣬ǰͷӰ
㿴йȥҲйȥ̯֣ҵǰ˵ںѣҪҰæչˣһѼΨһǮóͬ𣿡
һҾȭͷʱЩ׽ʧ
Ǹܺõˣģǿȷʵ̫ʺϵһɷ򡣡ĺܼѵسһ㣬㣬й
һ˵ĻͲƵˣ֪һҪסģϲͷβϵ£ϲϲһУϲһߡ
ģҪôңȥһЩԸ⸶ۣĴҲԡ
ǽ룬˵Ҳ֪ʲôʲôȥɡ
һʮǮߣʮûʲôҪ˵ģͺһЩճ˻ÿϰֵĹأҲ·ˡ
ģһȥһ˱ס§ܲ͸磬ڼһģӼ޵ģһȥ
һң侲ذϤĻƿҾһҲѡǶϸ룬ûбҪλ
ģҾӦ飡һҲ˻Ҫôܲſڱտھ£
ֻ㿼Ǹò飬ȥǩ֣𼤶İԼѿǶ飬˵һθ˽ԼҪʲôһңԼⳡ㵽Ҫʲô
ӦңһһҲ̫Һ⣬˵ӮģӮΣ㲻Ҿȥ㣬ȥҶȥң
Ķһۣܼᶨһ˿ҡ˵ҹˣ˯ɡ˯ķ䡣


78 
ʱ䵽, һѵϰ࣬Ŀ˯ĺӣǵ˯, ݺ, һٷ, ڹ, ֻҪòһȾܳˣٰи֣Ӱæš
ӣҳȥһˣ鷳˼ˡ˰æӲ֣֣Ӽ˿ţߡ
鶼, ĲűԼĴӺˮ, Ͻٿ㵥ͽȥ׼°˳糵ȥϣתȥ
ϳûã, ¥Ҳģֻ֣, Ҫ裬ѻ˯ŵԲԲҲˣӿ޳һ, ɰ֣Ӹ, ʵں岻, һޣܻͣġ
, ͣ, ű֣ӵ֣֣, Һ͵ܵȥ衣
ͻˣȳ緹֣Ӱѽıọ́ҿ㣬˵㲻Ծ͸д֡
ֹͣ˿˵ҿˣҺܹԵġתͷȥҵᣬܱܵޣͻؼˡ
һؼʱֽѾˣһ룬ǿԹҪӦСģŷֽһڼҪôϸµĻ̴ϴɨݣӦ׼أҪȫæԲˣĸǺùܵģѸһһ
֣ȥĶˣ
ʲôʱѽôȥ
֣ˣһ˯ģġ
ҲܣҾҪ裡֣һ
ףڴϣǲ˯ţŻһҪģһұֵͷҲҶǷҲȥԼϱǲҪ
һͷϲŽĵͷԼûͷûԣѺö˶˵ϱˣҪ绹Ҫزӣĩÿӣ׷ȥվˡ
ģ㣬ɡ
Ĵʱڷ򣬸ճԹ緹öԸӣʱͻȻһγһڹӪϣʼеֵĺˣڣֻҪ֣ͯͯҲǺȤġ
Ļȥȥ֮ǰĿһ£ûѻ㵥ǮȡѻͷˣҲ֪ͷǸʲôܵ̽̽·˵
ĵȥ̶۶Ƕһˣ̶۶ûɿĹȶģȷǾʹʲôǵȥϢеĵط
ʱ࣬ľվȥһСʱŵ
......
³иҦ϶ڱѵæµĹҲһ䣬ʦܽѹ󣬾Ҧȥһʡ㱨飬ٸĵȥ׶ˡ
ճԹ緹СѳҦίľԱСȥվ
·ҦþԱ³˼ͷڻϳԣθãͷЩʳȽʺ
ԱСųվȥڳ˵˼仰
ͻȻСָǰͷһӰ˵ôôɩӣ
ԱСҲ̽ͷ̽һ䣺ɩӣ
ͷһǲӵĳ˾λС˻֣ͣ£򿪺ųţû뵽ҦίںͷϽкҦίá
ҦҪȥĶ𣿡
ȥ㶫Ļ˵ǡ
ҦϾûٶ˵Ϣˣͷ׷ͷƤϣż紵𼸸˹ĵס
ССںӾһ쵼Ҫ˯ǱͽɩģҲˡ
һ·޻˻վֻ˸Ĵӣ³Ҧί;ԱСҪԶţÿ˶ֺصְһ
Сæ˵ɩӣ
Цϸ̨׵¶ôɶ
ҦϳСܵͷСܾ͸Ŀ˵ллɩӣ㡣
ȵվ̨İǽűߣȥŽż⣬˵Ʊ
Ҧ϶С˵СȻȥɣעⰲȫŵʡǵƱٵͷ̡
Сܾ֪Ҫһ˵˸ǣСܳȥˡ
СôһȥһûȥƢˣҦýں򳵵ϣ˵
֪Ҧίǵ֮һӵ˼빤˫۾úܣ⿿һͲ֪Ȱٶ֣ˣʹԣ˼䡣¶Ͳ˵ѡ
ҦЦõĳϿǴŵֱײС˰Լϸ񣬶ԱҲϸ񣬰ѡҡ̫ˣࡣ˵ĶԲԣ
ǰĵʦ͵һ쵼˵һģһĻǽһңŪ˶ܽţʱˣҲɲʵڲԸ⿿
ǲģѵҪϸ񲻺𣿿Ҳϣߵȷʵ̫ɣܺ־룬ûмĵѡ
ί˵öԡĻˡ
һ⼸ѵĲɣ˲ǰѵϱҳѪųһϡû˵ɣҦ˵һҡ
ﾾһ£ôû˵Ҫװں˵һ䣺ʧġһҲ񡣡
⻰ԡҦͨĹʧǿԽܵģǾ˲Уʧ󣬾Լ˵ЦսҲôʧ𣿡
Ĳȴ񣬱Ѫʹʹ
СҺ³ʦʶһѾʮˣʲôڸߴĳˣְ֤鵱סҦί˵վֺ飬һֱڡҿںҸȻˣ
ӦǷǳϲģֻҪһ˵㣬ʮɣĶĶã˵ͺ졣˼Ҹҵ˵һ䲻ǣܰ˷ŵϣѹ˼ҸĿڡ
ı죬еޣЩԼί˵ʲô
˵һСӣ˺ܸߴأʵǸˣɣ˼ҶһܼǺܾ...
ί˵ЩʲôߣֱӸ˵УαؽءĲò
ѽ㡣Ҧί߶ְ߰θʱθͰһߡҪվѹ¡
ǰӲź˵ۣôһת۾ˣҦίⲽˣ˲ְͷӣްˣͼǵ
ٺ˵һ䣺ѵúͿץС֪ʲô˼ȼţϸ롣Ҧϵֲͣûߣ̧ͷŻվƽԭأмðũոˡ
Ȼû˵мֲ˼ҦίİԱǿҲǸαˡ
Ҿֱ˵ɣһԿĵطͳԿûúõض飬һֱڲӴţ˼ά..Ǽ϶Ӱ죬˼ϵһʱִƬ档ҦίҲ½ϵˣҲԼˣҲ֪Ϊʲôܣ֪ǸˣҪŲǰߣߵԶҪɹߣ//̳Ҫӡ
޳ܣȻǿԵģǳ֮Ҫн棡ҦҲ㲻ϿģЩ˵˵ˣֻǵطйһܾͷźݻǾ̫ͼˡ
ĶҪˣί̫ˣܻдܷܽй𣿡
㿴ƻˣ㲻ϲ࡯𣿡Ҧתͷһ⣬ץСӣǰѡҡùأŻ
ǳѽļ⡣
Ϊ֪ôһĿеĺɷҪߣ//̳õ˳ֵģӡҦίһ϶ظǿĳԣָҲǲȡģҪס˳Ѫܳѵ
ôȥ˵Ҳί˼ָΡеˣίӿ˭ôǣһ㾫ϸճܵ뷨Ѿٱˡ
Һ˵ģ˵ģ˵ˡҦίթЦ
ô˵䲻죬Ժ档
ܺ˵Ů˶Ů˵Ļͷ˶Ҳ˵Ļͷ׾ʹ̽ҷءҦίЦģϻشĵĻָָԶĺɫ𳵣˵ĻҪˣ׼ƱͽŰɣ
ҦίллĻ˵ĻеһûȥѵվϳǰĳϹлŬȰ⣬УĻʹˣûȥʲôѵúͿץСܿԼڱͻһ˺Ͳˡ
٣Сͬ־ҦҲû⽭ĵðֻЦЦ֣ȥɣǵסдȫЩ
ĳСܻӻ֣һǰĻ𳵡
СҲ֣Ӫôûͽɩһȥ
ǿɱϱ𣿻͵͵սѿǽʱǣֶӵƬأǽһᡣ
˵û飬㲻ҦίԴСǣˣȴɣϼкʵ𣿡
ίûУ


79 
˻, ҵԼλ£óˮˮĸСʱ, ǰܵ
һ˵Դлվ, дܽ
ϳ, Ҧίÿһ仰, ԽԽﶼ£ŶҦί˶ԭҦίǺܳ羴ģѻ˵ôû, ôΪ, ˰˵ˣ
Ҫͻһ̸̸ģֻģͲԸȥ, ˣͷ˵ɡ
𳵡ѵѵԴлվ, ָָ룬ѾˣĴҴҳվ, д, һ·Сܹȥ, óţһķԱű¼, ԱǼ˸, ֶ㵱ॸĶװˮ, ϱ̫дŰ˵͹ˡ
ûطϴ𣿡ĻһıڿյֻһŴķ䣬һ¥ҲаɣôΧˣӦûʲôٵ顣
дͷߣиӣȥһëǮͷţͺϴɾԱĿأźϲУЦһ¡
УллˡгԷĵط𣿶ˡĲԸɱӣԵˮĶ
ǳߣ·ڣиӪ꣬룬ڵȥˣ붼ûøʣԱ꽭ĵĻҡһԿ׳ȥˡ
ĿԼûʲôöģԿȥԷû뵽ԴоԵĿ⴮һԵ㣬ҪǻһҺھͺˣһҰ⣬ԸʮģӻûԹ϶ϲ
úõģôͻȻˣģڻϻţҪ뿪ǵģǵðźûҶ·Ьߣ˵˵ҲǸ˼µ衣
һ˼һ룬뵽һһ᲻ϴ贩µ¶һ᲻뵽ͻȻÿ⴮Ҳûûζˣԭ뿴Դҹʲôģ˼Ҳȥһյ·дߣҲ֪
İģǲĵ
һҹдûϴ裬ֻˮϴһЩϴĵطϴ귿϶ˮģ׻˵öԣŰ벽ѣڼǧպáؼҡ
ҹΪԼһ˴Ż˸лʹޣٻʹһңǧ䡰ǰߣ󲻼ˡ֮ƣȻ¡
ȻûУºҦίĻһɢȥŷ˼־˵Ķǡݡ֣ҲʮƫһңֻػصķȰշ򣬿ͷʱ治ʺҸ¶壬ǽһΰҦίȥȻУ˼빤ģȷʵ
ҦίĻ˰Ѷ˵ӡȫûãһȥû취ȥ
Ǻ˼˯ˣ˯ǰһҲԴ͸ģŪЩûеĶֶܲܿ顣
˯ˣһҴڼҾˣ֪ӿܴӳԷ޵˯һһһؿޣ޵죬޵ھӶΪˡ
֣ӱһ죬ʵˣһһصңʹŮԼң˯ˡ
ϴʱ򣬻һΪһνһ𶪽ȥϴϴˮܿˣûֱӣ棬һˮڸմõ·ϣʪһ룬ѻһæú޲óͷ
ŪȥֿʼҪ裬ҪһҸǽ£˵ÿֺ󣬽ĻǽɺŮĹ£һĻУϹ˸ع·̵Ĺ£ǰԲģȻǸ˯ˣҲǺ˯ģǿˣڲͷ˯ˡ
˯ţһҲŻԸСͷװôϾͲˣ³һھӵ͵ƶϨˣĵš
һҴ¹ô̺ӳͷľװͽĵ·һ𣬹ҵģǿ첼λãȥóһӲһǸľŮ
ѽһ¶һЦ˵һۿľŮʱ顣
Ǹʹһݵ峿һ˵ǵطľã̲סϲĹ


һ ģϵʱ򣬴ӵһμ濪ʼزʶʱľάˣʶˣϸˣŷŮЦ˹ʣǹС˶ʮ꣬ͻȻһϵ⣬ֻҪһһһЦůĸоͲ׽һ㣬ٽһ㡣
ľŮЦһЦӯӯɰһۣϲˡ
һҰľŮó°ڶ۵λϣһҪסЦסҪʲôŬϧʧȥ⡣
......
һҹ˸û˼˯ҹҲأܾҪӸǱӡ
䣬ڴһдıҲ̫ˣˡ
ͷ˵𽥶ĲϴףԹ緹׼ȥɨ֣ʲôʲôֵȥ
ԴвһУӷﻹִֵģΪпɽӽǰ֧ҵ˻˼ƸҲģй߻ǾǵĹģҵ;ס滮Ҳа۶ģеִеĳˣԵʽʽ񣬸ֻƽͲ¥ѾԳ֮Ϊˡ
ģһȦСʱǿ꣬Լ֪жϣԽǴУСԽ࣬̾ԽǼУΪȥ··ʲôһһԴͿҪôȥҶ·ˡ
ڼ̵һȦһЩĻ޲˳ˣûдȥ
緹Ҳû˯ͼȥǼ̵꣬ڻûҵɿüֻ̳ϵɿһʮ˿Ǯװ˺ÿ˵Ǯһϻ̶۶Ƕ֣Щ۸񣬶ۣûۿ۵ġ
ļ¼һ£ӿζ˵֮ǰԹζģ·Ϊ֣Ҫҵ̳ʮԪµĹ̵ֱɱ̫ˣǵѧѧ̶۶ǴĶĻأ
һ̵ɿ۸ʱֿտճ˰аͷĳϾˮˮУϧûˣȻ˴
Ҳ֪һûʶս...ˣ¶ְ֪ˡ
ƣҪ𣿡иĺӷ׵ˣ˶ƤñһΧΧֻ¶ֻ۾ӵһߣ˵ĵ
ﻹһ¶ˣְϵǿȥ˵ɿ𣿡
ûУƾСҪҪ˺̫ͷؿΧ±˿
ĶԾơҡȤĲҶ˼һ֧ÿԣ̾Ƶ⣬·֮ʱǾû취ˣһҵǰ̸붼ˡ
Ҫľܾ
Ҫ㶵ȥʲôǣ˾Ƣվˣʱॵľƿ
ĴʱЩ־ΪĲۣ켣ȺУû˻ע⵽û뵽˻˼̵ÿһˣŮӣؿԾǱһֶģ̵굽Ǹ̵ݣֲ򣬲Ǳȼ۾ͼ̵۸񼸺һĿľǺߡ
˹ûΪҪƵ⣬ðǰģȻֵĻӣץһġ
Զˣվ˫Щ֪ԼǱˣ컹ţ˵飬Ͻдġ
ϹʱдͷиѲ߹ִڵ㣬뵽İһЩǾȥҲطȥʦҪȱסԼͼ𲻱Ҫע⡣
һҹ˯úܲķһ¥ܾôſˣʵûˣԼԼ۵ʵڲˣʱһ˯˻ǽűӵһǡ
Ƥ׹ʱʮһҸߴǿ׳ȵֻҪվԱߣܸεİȫУڣûû˸۸˶Բѷһվסӣοڣ֣ĴǷ¡
һҰһңɵôʱͲأﶼĻ
л˵
ŮӲҪȥİĵطȥĻҪаͬУ


80 
ͷϵԽԽ, Ų鲻Ը۾ˣŵ, ֵһû˯, ҲͿ, ʵڶס, ˻緹ǰĻ𳵻طѵóһˣεȥ
ٿĻû, ס, ػԭⲻȥ
дĴţ·һг̯ӣ̯˸ձͷԱ߷һ̨Ĳ, Ǹƴģͷѽѽ, ϸһǾɽͷ, һ˫ǵ۾, ʱʱһ䣺޳
ͷֱ, иŸ̻ʳ緹ˣǽ, ݵ, , ׳ʵһ˫ĺ۾·ÿһˣ㣬һۣ˼ס
ӭ˵̫̫˵Ǯ
ͬһǸŰİˣŹ̽ͷ̽ԵģҲ֪ʲôˡ
Ϊ̫ģ˶ϻûĽž쳣СģһҲߣʼɹѾЩľԱˣܾÿһˣпڴ˵⡣
˳ļ䣬ҵһרƤݵĹӪ̵꣬ͷǸʽĶƤë˵ЩݳƷ࣬ƽȵʱҲûһһԪƽͷСܹŵġͷʰúܸɾԱģŵĿûҲûǮССģ˵ĹƤñֱ˱ȳߴ磬׼´ѩʱ򣬸Ҵġ
ת̵ȥЩĳʳɿĹ̨תתû̫ˣȥ̶۶ǶûлеĻһȥ
ʱһɣȥֶȦһŷһеġ
ڴ죬·϶˺г¶һͳɣʲᷢ¡
𳵻һСʱſԴлվͷ̾һ׬Ǯѣû·ѣ»ٿţ´Ҫʲôأ
ĿŻվˣԼȥ˿ˣĶѧûҵʱҲһͷβƶӣʱֻ֪Ҫ˫ȥͶ׬Ǯڣн޳һ취ûУ̫йˣ
ǽǣԼسĻѣһ֣Դûҵɥ
ƣҪ𣿡и
仰ͼһ󣬲ỹվ˰ɣЩҲ̫ˣ
ͷе죬ߣݣųԲģԲϵ˲֪ʲôԶ˵Ҫ
ɿаͣ㳦Ҫ𣿡ʣѹ˫۾ɨӻվϵÿһˡ
Ŀһۣ޳Ƕ緹ˣզˣ
ٿһֿۣһۣȻ򣺡̵ſҪҪƵ˰ɣ˵Ҫˣôأ
˺ٺЦ۽һ۵İ̶ⲻǿ
ô֪Ĳ˵ԱŲ˼ԶװŪŵһ϶û˯ãҲ߰ɡ
ܣһƶҿ㶼̵üˣɶû򣬲ˣ̽Ϣģ
бۿһ£Ҳ򣡡
ͦӲĸﲻǴСȥģǷֵ𣿡ָָűߵļӣأ϶ǵĸˣǲˣһ۾ܿ
һˣף˭Һ㡣һţŵ봸һȭľôɡ
˼Ҳң͸ң󱻸ٵĿ־ɢ˲٣¶ˣſĹ
һ㶼վˣ˾¡ŮĶ϶еǮͳУ׬׬ôֻҪ˵óСҪٶУ
ôѽĵʤĶˣж٣
٣С㣬ж٣ɿҪʮ㳦ʹаʮҲͶ˰ɡԼĶ䣬Խ̽
ӣЦҶҪ
˼Ҫô࣬ⲻˣ𣿡
ʲôˣ˵ٽдǱߵӸйźÿء
Ĳ컯գҶ͸ҽС
ʶͷѲԱȥһһԼƢ˵ҪҪ治ҪҾˡ
Ҫ߰ɡĳָ֣ŻվڣٸŮͬ־ˣС˼˵ˣå
˳զôʹ죬̵꣬˼Ұѻ͵ϻҪ濴ˣ治ֻǽ̵꿴
ܣм˴ۣŮǮҪȥ
˲аˣ߳վȥһƫƧСƣΧûˣһľݶ˸˲ľôӣװ˼ɿһƿƺͼ㳦ϣ˳ǽͷʲôˣվȥ
ķԼ飬һȫɫ׺ʳĿ飬ʱӡˢûͼƬŰܣһҳҳ鶼֣֪ʶܴ󣬿úܳҪⱾûȥҽƬأͷôģǾڼͷˡ
ϾϻػҾ˵裬Ժȥ򣬵ܸ̰ܵһÿȥ⣬Ǽÿ춼ܳϺóԵ⣡
һ˵Ҫͽȥףף׺ԡ
˵ʲôĶ˵ãҪȺúóԷ֣ɴ˲ȥЩ£ȴЩӿ治ףȻ֪һһ컻һ룬۶Լֻˣû˯üҲʹŲӣǱ飬Ȼ𳵵
˽վŮĻǽǣѲߵͷСܹȥӴأ㻹ǸĻ˰
̧ͷˣ飬վԼԵøһЩôûûˣ
ȿپҪҪ˿˿Χû˿ǣѸٴ򿪴ӣͷӡŶĵƷ¶˳ֻһۣͿԼҪɿˣס˻е㶫Ҳ治ģǸϸˡ
ôҪ٣˺ϴӣϾϲ𾪵ɫûӹ۾˵˿϶Ҫģ컹ú׬һʣ
İڰ֣治Ҫȥұ˰ɣ˵ˡ
ֵˣˣ...ˣˣˣѾðһ˦Ҫȥֻôһ죡
ɿǮһҪˣ˿ˣŰڽס
ػͷüͷİҲ壺ʲôǮˣң
һҪҪҲ˵۸ô򣿡æҵһ̨ףʶڵȻ𳵡
һһ£̸ʽʼˡ
Ҳ֪ɿ˺óԣ̵飬ĺãĿ顣㳦ѹʵʵڵ⣬顣оƣɻһڶ...ϲظĽĶڵģԹһأ㻹ٳԡ
ԣȥǿɿȴһѶ˻ȥ
ȸǮǮܳԣ
СĲǮҲԳԣոϻ̶۶ָв࣬ӦģҲбٵĳ
㵽ж٣ŵָ֡ɿ
ʮʮеģҪھܻȥãһ¾ͳɡ˼㿪ʼ¶ˡ
У̫ˡҡͷóӣɿļ۸д˸룬д۸񣬸Ҫô࣬һ𣿡
˿ڿˮ...ô࣬Ե𣿡
תͷȥһۣɵӣ׬Ǯ㻹ҳԲԵꡣ
ãײˣզ࣬վעĿ˫ֱͷܳɣûô࣬ٸðȫеͨɿɨУΪֻӣû뵽ǸθڴҰǣŮݣ
һŮĶôֱʣǸѵ־ܶһŮ䣡
УøҼʱ䣬һ롣ûӹôĵͷƤЩ飬˵ҪǿɵҪ˵ûֲҪ
㿴۸𣿡ñָָļ۸
߶øҼӵ㣬ԽԽ䣬÷Щñӵģȥ࣬ټëǮָǼñӵԱñںͷ˸һթŽġ
İѱùֻҿд۸ͺܺãҪˡ
ˣҸɶ˲ȥ֧ʡ
˼˼ҵҪ򷽣ǴͻȨ϶Ƕ
˵ܴ룬ٶס죬ʱѻø㡣
ڲҪҲ룬浽ˣҪô⵹һֵϸڡ
˵㵽ҪǲҪһһŵģ̫ˡ
ҪļԷҪ¶ˣŲصͷ֪Ķȥ𣿡
˲⣬˵֪ҼһϼҾ߾Ƕʦģûȥ
ϵģʣִһ£ԣ
Ϸ֪࣬һˡһ˫Ĵ۾һգգ
ѹ֣˵ڷ磿
ϸɽ͡٣˵Ķã档ļգۡ
ǵȻȻΪʲô˭뵱ˣ˶Լĳкϲܽ˵ͷֲ̫˵ӣǳҲвõĵط
ˣ˵׼ʡ
ıӲţûʱţοһԶţĻ𳵣ÿˣʱ׼ʱسƱǮҸƱǮٸʮʱ䣬ѻ㣬ʮϵĻ𳵣ѻ˵ʮһңǶ㡣
˼˻źãдż۸ֽд˻𳵵ʱ䣺ӦĻھ͸㳵ƱǮ
ôУҰѶϣȥ㷴ˣҿô죿˲ͬ⡣
ƱǮǸˣҪҲҿʲôˣٰѻûˣĵǱǮֻڷ϶һģңҲھôɿȥûźһμĻͷȥ
˭֪ʲôڻվϵңһһأ˻ǲϣͷҡø˹ƵģЩ˽͸¶ɼò١
ŵùֵˣⶼҽӣˣļ
ҧ֪ǺãҲû˰æһ£ҪĻ̫ˣȸ㶨𣬸ǮҾͬѻ͹ȥ
ֻܸǮѣлءǿ϶Ҫģ㿼ǿǡԼȥ룬ʮǮûˣ֪
˼ʵͦϸ壬ҪûһôĵӣӷȾͽˣ˼й˼ɵ˲ʺϵں顣
ǩʱˣңҾ͵ȥĺܼ򵥣Ů֪磬ܶй˼ɣȥٱ֪Ҫǻŵ˹ǵĻ͸ֲˡ
УǩҲǽУι
ԣԽС硣Ĳд⼸֡
Ŷֺá˵ԼҲֽд¡֪ơ֡
к֪ƣʣҲáСΣܿĽ𣿡
ѽȿ㻧ڲ𣿡ʡ
ⲻû˭ŻŻڲء־ܾ
Ǿ̫ϧˣ»˻ڲҲ㿴ţſƽ
˽һȻֶһЦһѺõɫתͷȥ˶Էһ䣬ƭӣ
С磬ʮ죬ǵʮ죬ڳվ㣬鳵ƱǮšĻҪˣҪɿɴ㳦ҲС̾һŲҪ
ǮǩֵӣҪ˺룬ʱýǮٽ͵ϣŴ֣Уţһȥ
ͲţŮĻܵˣ
ȻƿҰɡ룬һҴ㶫ȥ
˿顣ֵľñֽţٵڣۡ
ֻʣһŴŽˡۼֿ죬ѸٰѾǮһǷǮʮٸ㣡
㣡Ǯ㣡׷ȥɻѾˣ׷ȥˡ
İƿӡ˶ĵľ޲мǷŵűߣֻŵһ¡
𳵡վ˷
سջģͿСǸʲôͷˣĵûʮ۸ǮðղջǣιҲǡ
صվʱв۾Ľİϣû©Ķ³
˳ȥгſڣ;л𳵳γų;;ֱ϶˵ģһܵģˣΣ˵ǸվûһΣϤǵϰЩκ뷢籨
ŪЩ£۾ɣһֱû˯ڻ˯֧ţÿһСʱܻصϣĵǰ೵ûôˣ·ϻϲӵĳˡ
ûϳһؼҵɷ
գһҳⶼˣպӣκӵʱ䶼ûУЩ˽ƽյ࣬ǰɵصĹһʵڲϲӣмΪѿô죿
ɺͺ޼ദʱʱ͹ԴĻüβŪʧأ⣬뵽ĴûǴ˵
һ緹ӳԣҳԵ٣һôԡ
ҪĲˣĲóԡǿţ֣ԡ
һҧǿţ⣬ӲҲԡ
ӳ˷ϴ룬ƽʱ£ԭʵˣæˣЩ
һ뵽ҪͰ֣Ӻɩһźӣһ˵ȥϽһ½ġ
ɩʣûȥ˰ɣ
û£·ȥߵÿ죬СʱܵˡһκӣϽЬûŻңҺϾͻؼҳԷܵڼң֣̺Ļ
ҲҪȥţȥЬӡ
һȻͬ⣬һôʱ䣬ӲУû취ˣͼװţע⣬һ֣Ӻɩǰǽȥˡ
СҲ̫ϱˣȥӣҲûɩӱһؿ˵
˼ޣġ֣ЦǺǵġ
һȥϵ·һСʱ߳;һ¿磬һëǮһ˳糵ģ˰Сʱϣּվķȥ
ıٵö͵˯һˣǰݵˣһһЦԼһдľ壬ȴߣ˳˻˵ˣһѣ׬Ǯѣ˸٣ͲЩί
ôĿ޵۾죬ִ糾͵ɫҲòȥ
޲ޣˣһæңһʱ֪Ҫãǰãջǰ§ڻҲãˣӦڳվϽ㡣
㱳һȥ߲ˡĿ޿ģͷƻƭˣɶŻһҾЩСƢʶ;˸ðһС
ãҲϡһҶ£˺
Ȼ㱳ңһ֪𣿡˫ִӱסĲӣһûԭġ
֪һұȥеʱ䣬Ӧܸĵĳģˡ
ߡĲ
Ҳ㣬һ㣬ûһӡ
ôԳӡĻۺӵġ
·ģ˺üСʱ߲ɩӰæڼҿšԭңء
Ҫûľߺߵġ
ǣˣġֻҪĻԸ˵һҾͿģֻ־°ʹȥһһͷȥ˫֡
ıĺһ£ң
ˡһֱͨͨ˵㡣
޶˾ŤŤϣ복ʮӣһȥ˼ӣĳûȥʾָ˵籨ڳϼϡ
εˣֳ˰ӣһľͶֱǵҲǵϮûľſڻһһ˯ˣ˯ú޷˯кһ
һ֪˯ʱϲıһֻḧıôݣƻСôСôͰ⣬ĺ˶ǣסˡ
һң䡣ķӳ˽ĵƤ֪ǻһҵģЩ䣬ҡ߽㣬
һҰԼϣֵͷóӵ°ȥؼˣؼҿͲˡ
л˵
ˣԷ


81 
ҡص, ĻԴ£һ˳վɰһؼ, ·ھӼʱ, е˶˼, ССҲ̫, ͷôأ
һתͷֻȥšԼɷĶ䣬Сϱѧѧ˼ңϱ˻ñٿ, ؼű˵, ٸͥһŮϡۡ
ɻһûܣˣҪſϣȵ˯ġ
ȵ˼, ֣Ȼȥˣʣɩ, æýҲˣѹΧĺ, , , ҪĻ
첻, , Ҳ̲סС˶˺öԵģ
ˣŸ, ƣΧŽת
ǰСֱϣ裬ҺͰһϲ㣬㡣
պˮĻһҽӵıףһ죬ûȥϴ䣺Ҹϴ裬
ľſϣϴ䴫ļкͻЦϲҲЦؼá
ΧĲ԰ûͰ·һûϴؿҲûɨˣгҲģַڼңһҾͲԾһ㣬άҵ
ϴһֽｭİˮϴ䣺ģϴˮ裬Щȥ
ʰ·ȥϴϴͷڳ𣬰ͷɣһһҵ鷳ǿҲһƣһ쿪ʼɼ˵ڣˣ̫ˣҲ
һ˳˻һҴӣٺһ͵ǳԹˡ
ɵϵʱ򣬽ķԼȫҪɢˣӻţճ˵Լû͵ϰ費ܷд֡
ǵСϳ˵⣬ںͷеɰģˣҺֻ죬ûûһҶǡ
Ȼһҳϴ·ѾС˯òˣԱ߻˸λãһҲͷЦһЦ˴͵£һԺĽĲԾǶ˹ȥһҰ˱ڻʧõҸУͷգǻˡ
˯ҹʱĴ˯ˣһ󣬷ԼŻһҵĸ첲̧ͷͷ¹˽һҵ٣оûӣ̲סȥ˼£̴̵ģһ һ֣ںڰЦһ¡
ģһҾԸߣѣоһֻС϶ȥץסԼȵϣ˻Ũɤ˵һͲˡ
ľͰԼ͵һұסо룬ֻǻеظı˯ɡ
ߵӣۣţּ˯˹ȥ
ڶջһճ׽˯Щ¥ϴ˻ĺӣƽѣֻȻһ£ϰѵȥˡ
ҲΧתҪĶûȥ֣̺ԲԲƶλ
˶ˣĸһаͣųˡ
֣˼Ӵû뵽ô󣬻ܿأİӣǵİӾǲһྵۡ
ҾЦĻǸһСͣʵҲǶ౦ĶͷûУԵ٣ʱ򣬷ġ
ҿñӺãϵľѿһˣëѩû꣬ñͺˡɩӳŽĸ˵¶öȥ򡣡
ͻһǵһμñӣ˴Ϻ㾾ңҾ㣬ͲԸܵͷȥ棬ҲмֺСҫ˼
û취СıŪˣںͷǵıӰ
ڼҳһ󣬾ҵĿԽԽܽͷϻе㺹Ƥñˡ
裬ܴñӣؾȻǻȿĿڣŵڽĻſҪ
裬ܴҴ󣬰Ƶڵˣǵñӣǣǽ졣
ľջˣܴ˭ҵĺӣôԴСأ
ܴ󱦣ɩһԴǾСܺĺӰ
ǼҵģôܵͷˣǱߵĺӲǶڼ¥Ա𣿡Ҫ˵һʼЩŭһͷյˣ˸ջҾˣӻһңҲƨɿ
ССɩӰסôˣƽʱͦģɵˣһŹȥӣĵҲøûˣ
ɩҲŸϣȥѹӷ£ܴ󱦾ͱȻ꣬ȥôĺӣɩһһĭ㣡
ô죿ô۸ҼһңˣŸմ۸òϢôһӶ
ǴǺǵ¶Էʦҵģ˾ˣҲҺӵ鷳ѽɩȰ侲ס
֣ӰҲᣬҲͷͽ˵㲻ȥ¡
ȥȥӮܴ󱦣ǵñûվˣŲ´أ
ҲȥҰ㣡һ
ðջڳſڣǿ²ȥ룬üλȻȥ֪ôˡңˣߣ
ɩӿŽĸ˵ıӰȥĶ
ȥӡ¡ɩЦСҲˣ赱ˡ
ȥĶżﴧһǣСҦίȥˡ
ҦίҪһȥôʱ䣬ֻʣʮĶӣ˼ֵܡ
Ҧ˼ҪȥѧУϿεģǰ˯߱ӣҹŪɸðСҲչԼˮʳҦҲǣ˯䣬ͬһӣֵܶ˫˫У˺üı飬ƺЩˣûȥѧУ
ĴţҦ˼ţļһ԰ףб飬Сĸϵ±ǴȾˡ
Ժͷ棬ܿߣҪң֪𣿡ĶŻҡ
ֿȥֵܶˣֿȥæ۸ܴ󱦣ñĻͻȻ˵ˡ
Ǹǵ𣿡ΪǴǣҦ˼Խӡܺãʶ;Ǹ󷽵
ԣеӲʺڳԡǵĶͷԼģ˼ȥ·ϣˡнȥ뽪
ҦվҦ˼յûһЩѽĴű߶顣
ĺܿջ𣬸뽪ǳȺȥû˸
˷ƱȥʳóԡҦͺĽɤӶҪˣͷȴк߳Ƥֱܣ¥˯ȥˡ
裬𣿡ͷһֱ򾣬ˡ
Ҧ˼ͷ߳Сô񣡡
ľЦǸأڶûͺ˼˵˼С
˼磡ҼǵҲߣȻͿʼ״ˣ磬۸Һҽ㣡ñӣ
˭Ҧ˼ӣҪƴļơ
ܴ󱦣Ǹܴ󱦣Һ͵ܵܣҲ״Ӫ
ţûҦ˼˵žҪȥˡ
˼¶ˣ¥ȥ˯һ֮ҪǻڷգҪȥҽ֪𣿡ĲҦίҵǺãܵùܹѽ
Ҫ𣿡Ҧ˼һкȻ´룬һҪҽ˻ȥ
ҽİš·ٳŴ磬ϴҪˮһѣѶһŲʣͳ˵Ȳٳǣڱ˰
Ҧ˼ĻǵòٳԣͰһǳˡ
粻ЦСָϣҦ˼
Ҧ˼ҲºЦǵŰ粡ˣȥǰñû
ãҪܴҲƵڵϣӣмֽĵӰӣۻۡ
¶ûɣæһĵǹȥ˲٣ǲܾڼңС¶ռݾ޴ǵóߡ
˼·³ʦ֪ŰѼͷ޼Ļ˽·סСôͷˣ
ͷԶȷʵû¶ȥġ
ͣ£ɩӡ󲻼ѣһ֪ͻ˵ʲôǵûһ䣬찤˷Ǻż͵籨һҿĲ
ô붼еаԽں͡ιǩӵʱ򣬲˼д˺֪Ƶ֣鷳Űɡ
˼ֵ͹ˡĲ̫ѣźӾȥ
³Ǽһҹϵã˽ʦʦܵؽУҲҪ߶߶ѽ֪ЦϻŰѷļбǣʶͰѺ˹
ɩ˵ǡĻǲ̫˵ǡûӲҪߣ˳˵ɩӣҪȥˣǸİ
ãȻȥɡ֪ŵЦģعȥһƬҶӣȻתŽĵıӰ˵һ˵һ䣬˵ǮѾȥˣġ
ǮĵЩô˵һһǰǵǮң
ɩӣʲôǮô֪֪Ҫ˹̲סͣ
ѽû˵ѽ֪һȵģһְ죬ҸôҸôӦ㽲ġ
ɩӣ˵ˣ糨˵ɡúӡ
¶ô˵ء֪ƹ̬Ťӣ㣬ҽЩѣһҲǮһǸˣǰһٿǮҰŸǼĹȥ
һٿǮʡ
ѽǮǶ˵㣬Ů˵¶״󷽡Ȼǰޣܹ黹кӺ͹ȥ֣㲻ɣ֪һЦ⣬佱һҵġ
ѣǼѱȫݣ֪ܴܲճʮǮľһ򣬱ȥ
ɩ˵öԣŮ˵¶ȷʵ״󷽡ĻָЦ֪ܲΪʲô˺֪䶾߰ԣҲ׼óѡ
ң˵ټۣҶңҾ͸ҶĻ㡣
ټеúֺܴӵֱϲˣ
֪ϵЦס̧֣ӦҲǣӦҲǡ
ľͺЦؿĻСԹϣҪò̳ټ裬Žǵģ𣿡
ܶ˾صس̺ã̺ټ̵ɰЦ仨ϲˣ
ĸǹƣֳź֪˵ɩǾȻȥ˰ˡ


82 
ǣӻȥ, ȥ·ϣ֪ƵĻְѻһСóһ, ˼ôͰ´ô, һֱǣ, ֮, ôѭ򽥽سܣôѿسܽ࣬Щϸȫˡ
֣ųæ˸, һ, ӪȫڲʳóԣͲˣϹҲأýĺӱ
鷳ͷ, һӾͱһˮһ룬Ѿ̨Ӹ, ֲ֣Ľ඼ˡ
׼Էʱ˼ֵ, ֵͷϻԲʵĹƤñ, ǻͻϴǶ
, ǰñûҦ˼ſں
ܳȥ, ҪǶñ, ˼˶˶С, Űñӻǡ
ڳǵЦ˽ɫЩ̽̽ͷЩȣԷ³棬ٺ꽪һҽ첻պÿԸֵܳԡ
Ҧԭŵܵȥʳãܲס飬˲ϴ֣ŰͲ˶˳²ſʼӣҲ˹ģмҽ̵С
ĿȫˣЩȣǶûгԶٺõˣʳûʳҲûô
ѧУʳԶ¿ܹȥͷ涼ˡҦǸ磬ƺһж̸
óԡѹϻҰֻ˵˺óԡҦ˼𼸺һ֭ˡ
ǿԳĶֵӡܺãպҲܺͻһѽˣ˯ɲ߱ˣʲô·Ҫϣţס𣿡
סˣãҦ˼Цؿ
ǵȻãСһ㶼ǫ飬˼磬ǰܴƵ𣿡ͼҪ¡
˼ֵܱϾʮĴˣȻ͸ܴ͵ĺӼƽϣֻǰñͷвˡ
Ϊ˺øˣҦ໹˵ˣ˵Ҳ۸ˡ
ߣҲи磡ͻ̾ͳ˼С
֮ǰϻԷȥʳˣԶǼҡ
Ҧܾ˵Բ⵽ĸҳԷҲУʳ󣬲ռ˼ҵıˡ
Ҧ˼һڴ磬˺ãöóԵģܵҲɰ
Ҧ࿴ŵܵܣ˵ҰָµƱҰƱøҰֻǰԷ𣿡
ҲСûܾƱҪڵСӣڻдҪƱǾͺýˣʮ㣬룬ʱǾ
Улл˼ֵ֣ܳ˻ȥ
磬ĸھ˵ܵɩӼȥˣ˵Ҧί۸Ҵ󱦣ӵñӸˣﻰ˵Ҧίڼң³ʦ򸾹ܹǡ
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˵ˮܵҦίȥ˼𣬽Ӫˣ˵ô¶֮¶Ҳ𿴲ⲻǳ˼Ҵ˲ڼң۸𣬻ûˣȥ˼ȦŰա
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ϻһûؼҳԷ֣ųְæ˻
ٲҪˣôܣ
˼ֵܵӭˣ˷飺³ʦҵĺû˵ǰɣ
˵ʲôҦɻ
˵ܴ󱦵ȥˣ˵˵ǡĲϲɩӣϣɩڶԴСǸˡ
ûУϲҰ֣Ҳ˵Ҧ˼죬һӰϵ˵ˡ
ü⵹˼òҦίҲϲɩӡ
İɣǲᰤġҰ˵ˣ˵Ӯʱ͵»أӮʱҪܵÿ죡
Ҧ˼һҺҸɿˣǰܵö졣
ľЦˣȥԽԽ䣬ͷˡ
Ȼ˯ˣһҲŻڶ¥Сɳϵ˸ͷ̺ӣ߿ߵ¥
һҴӹﵹĸˮѸٳ裬ůģ¥ȥ˲˱ڻݺ˼ڡ
ĻӪңƿˣɩ˵һٿǮĸǰ޼ܴ
һ϶ʣʲôһٿ飿鲻αĲſһġ
ûǮˣһٿ飬սѶƴһ£Ҳҳġļ̽
˵һҰ˱ߣòײűֵϱƿԼɩӺǻʹһأ˵ʣܾǾû˵ˡ
ͷת㣬ǮѾĳȥˣҲҪ⡣
һü˵ѣûǮ
ЩĬ׺֪Լͻһҷ޹ϵʲô˼ûһҼץסС֣ģҷģƭ㣬ִʱ...⻰ͱס졣
İһۣҲҷģֻ̣Ҫһ̿쳣ĿĶˡ
һҾģģʶԼĴˣģ
Ǹ磬ô죿ǁ䲻ġĲ飬Ϲ
һԸġһӲͷƤﻰ˵˳ģ㣬磬ǲһ
ľͺһҲû취һȫȫǶõˣ֮ȣĸεˡ
Щ£һʱˣ˵ǰˡĨĹȥֻܽܣķģЩӱܣܲҲǽһַʽɩй𣿲Ȼ˵ʲô
һ˼ȥûСܵģ飬ҲȰ㡣Ǻ³ʦ죬ɩӵ˵
ľֻܰ˹ΪϵУǼģͼʲôܻ¶ġ
ϵһƱֺͻһ˵˼ֵܣ˵ֵܶҦίʱзҿѧǽӦˡ
һûҪ˵ķˣ᲻ˣ
ôһӹˣĺ棬ƽֻЩ£ɴû˵ôĵĻ
һҲ˼ЦҪǾۣ;ܾǡˣͰѼĻңɡ
ͷ㻹ǻһôòʶˡ
֣Ҿ㰮˻һңôǱأ˵žȥǰԼĻˣϢڽĶߣҺ㡣һֻҲʵ·ͷ˽ȥ
Ҳ㡣ļѱĺŪ÷ֵĴóҧļһڡ
ã˵Ͳ롣һ˱ס
˵˵˼裬ôȥģĺ棬һҲǣһϢ͸¶
һеԥҪҪ˵Щ£¶Ѿȥܾˣ˼ճûõˡǻŸո׳߲á
˵˵ܵøҵѣҲС˵˻ֵô죿й˼ɡ
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и쵼Ҧίͷİˣ쵼ֶͬŮ˹ϵǳҦί쵼еˣͰԼֶŮܸˣ˺ܰ䣬ȥӰɵĻ顣һǳ񣬳ܴ󣬵ʱܶ˶ڣڣûл๥ڦûнҷٱ
Ͻһ֧СӻռɽΪʱʱɽ֣ҦίȥȰʱɩѾ˼·ݺܴˣиͨһǼϰ̣Ǳ˸ըȻ󣬿ɩ˾ֽŶըˣǰ˼Ϊ壬ִѪӳû£˾ȥˡһ֪ľô࣬ϸڣҲֻ׳Ҧί֪ˡ
ľһҵѣľӶϧСûĸףҦ˼ܳôӣҦί϶ҲѪ
ҦίԸʳãҲԸҸڼҦίڸҸ˰æŸ뵽ģҦί϶뵽ֻԭл飬Ǹͨϰ̣Ҧίجˡ
ǡһʱʵҲ׳û֪Щ顣
Ǻ֪ΪʲôϲҦίɩӶˣֱ
һҿһۣ޷Ҳɸ򣬺ɩȷʵǹˣôܶأ
Ҧί򸾺񿴲̫ϺɩӡһҲȷֻһ۲졣
ΪɩӵԵʣܶҦίܶȰңûͬ⣬ºĸŰӣǵĸ顣һ˵æŵؿһ۽ģֻ˵ģõĺ裡
⻰粻˵šһ£ұ㣡
˵Ǿ˵ǣңȻأľͷˣ
һʶԼ˵˻һģĵϽȥ˵һʼ쵼˼ֵֵܳˣȥҲֻ֪ʣҦίˡ
ŶصҦԺӡ˽ۡ
ԺҪԶ֪Ҫңҿɲ˼˾ϱİѳ˵ǰͷʵ֪Ƹĵˡ
һЩΪѣ³ʦиĽ飬֮ͨãǿ϶⣬ʵϾûôõ£ģɡ
Ǵ𣿡ľΪΪ
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˵©ˣһҿһ£ôԹתô죬ͷȴЩƲ֣ʦ֮ǰ³ʦһϢ޾ϸҶ֪һ
ҳ̿Ժ㽲㲻ʡһ//飬ǳϸ񣬵ʱ䳤꣬߱³ʦǰ켣׳԰ģ˵ֲҲΪһţʱ򲻵ֻ³ʦҦίԼ϶ҲڱܵС
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ǣˣҾŵŴӸڼն³̫ˡϣ˳
ż٣ףҽտ֣ԺúȺϢá
ķżڼӪҵʱŻ18㵽22㲨ƽʱһǧϣʱд˿ܻ࣬ɷ׷
ллҵֺ֧ԣ


83 
콭ľյ˽ͺĵ籨, ѡһתεгκʱ䶼ˣǵһ ĳ, һػб仯, Ķ, Ϊ˳һ, ˮܰæһ£תʱˮܰźãͷ, һĵź͡ιʮԼ
һ˵ҪͽĽһ³ʦ֪Ƶ, ̫ˣû˵ȥҲҪɸѡһ£ЩϢǿԺͽ˵, ЩǱģϾԼǺǿ, һΪһˣԼ
ڽﶼСܲܰѻ˳Ѿֲ˼ȥע֪ǱĹ, ҲǼھŵʱ, ĲʱʱһλɩƽʱڼǸʲô
ɩ֪ʱ, Ľģһֶɷڶй˵ɩӿǼһ֦, ҵһ ʱ, ûôƯŮ, ĺãЦĻƣһӾͰЩ˸ȥˣҼЩ̧ͷ
ҵĽϷޣ³ʦȺɩӴʮ꣬˵Ǵûɩÿ춼վſ³ʦȥڼҵ³ʦ˲˯³ʦҲӲ˵ǻɩĺ֪ƣ϶ѣĽ³ʦɩӵĶ
СѾߵ֣вһĿСˣãе˳ã޵˺ãĺҲСξƽƵˡ
ôûǵĺأͻȻ𣬼ҼҶкӣֱֻǴӺСӶѣǼȻ꣬ôôãûǼҺӵ顣
С㲻֪ѽ³ʦͺɩиӣס׶үѼңڶأҪϴѧ˰ɣɩӶӡͷ껹ܼӣ⼸굹ûˡ
С֪֣⺢Ӻüû˰ɣ֣Ҳˣʲôͼͼ
ҲǵãְۣøͯƵģ֣˵ûǽͼͼʱҶҲãѧУżˣӳ£һͻȥ񻹱ɩ˼䣬ǻҵһ ɩɩӼǵ⺢ӣûĸүƵĺӣӡ̡
ͨһڣҸģļͥиɻġ
һӣϹ죬ľʣڵ˶Ķֻ࣬һȷʵ١
һ硣ɩӰϵͷᣬҧϣûӡ
С³ʦϵôã§˯˵ЩɩЩ˵˽ǷޱĻʱ˵ǽһزɣǸϵ¥ȥġ
˵ʲôѵôۣ£մͷ˯ˡֿʼ˵ڲ˵¶ɩǼﶼڵò˰ɣ
Уײ˲ˣٶڵɩ̾ͱƫˣ˵ҪȥȺţɣԼ͵͵ţɽ߶˾ףţɣǶԹһУһ㣬úǴҲĸӣ׸һ굽ͷʹû˵дһԵĲݶϣܸӷˡ
ţɣ𣿡ĵתһӾ뵽˲̴㣬ʡ
֪ȥƹǺɩжϵҲţⱾ󣬻͵͵ģĵֲҪƱһ㡣
ĵȥҲ̴¶ˣ̴һߣ˫˵˭˵ģ
һھӣôˣļСģǻǼңеĻҾͲˡ
¶Ҫ٣Ұȥʡ̴ԽĻǺġ
ǰʱ佭İЩƬľȫףװݶ˵ˣͬһѸҵŮ˵ǲҪҪýųԶ׾ˡ
ҵ㡣Ҳû̴Լͷ¡
̴˵ҪǮһءǲϽۣٱȥֳܵˣ֪ĶȥҲ֪ôˡ
ѽǮǹ˵ľᣬһЩĻȥСͺ϶а취ţϡʮҲԲһ飬г
̴㣬ҴĶܱ࣬ܲ˵㣬ʵڲУԼʱ䣬ȥͶԷ̸ΣĻԡ
ôɶѽӣζˡ̴Ȱ궬ҪôѩðǮŹѽ
㲻֪ùþ˾ЩʮˣϻҾû򹻣ҰҵǮľͳ˸ѡ
Ƕ࣬Ҳû취̴ԼǳŮЩͬĸֽ㣬һЩүϾ˵ģЩݣ˵пڽǣгԹҲ߶һͷôһ˵˽ĵΪѣţҵܵȥʡ
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̴£ˣɩ˺󷽣ͦġ
ؼҺ󣬿һҺ˼ֵڣ˿񵶺ӱⵣ׼ɽȥҦί;ԱСܲһҾͰæǼҲڵ𣬲Ȼ⿿ڷǵ𣬹öֵܡ
ȥɣأС档ĶɽСģ𻬵ˡ
СҲȥ棬ˣдҿ
ͻƻˣʲô鶼Ψֶ£ǹܵģĹ״򲻶ûɣ˵д־Ա߶д꣬͵һС
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վСӣѾţɵˣռ棬˵ԼǸˣ˵׵ˣýɩӱ⣬ȷʵַ֣֣ͷǸ첱Ӵֵ
˽дճʱƵģụ̂˩סͽ˭֪ܳôֱֻͲͲĴӡ
˵Ҫʮˮ˵ˣ̸ǮһȸʮʣµдǷ˵֮ǰ϶
Ҳǲ̴ĵܵмˣŴӦǷǮ
ҪǰʱϽۣ˵ҪٱŰţɳ꣬Ȼٱȥƹǰ͵ýȥſϸдǷĻᣬҲ˵ˣɩӣҪǲǮҿ϶ҪȥҪǮģҲ֪ɤŴ󣬵ʱɤھȫ֪ˣǿɲÿ
УҲ£ӡǰΣСͺӦûһǮˡ
գǺСԼõӣһϰ࣬һķųţ֣ӺɩӰæӣɩӵûй˼ɣտӵ¶Ͳ̫һɩӣЩԼͱŶʮţɺһɴȥˡ
ϣȿˮȥְǮȡСķźã˵·ȥվʱ˸ľϣԷһ
˻վվ̨ĿǽϵǸƾɵʱӣιĻ𳵰Сʱǰ͸õˣôûأ
СʱǰִԴлվýĸǮ˻Ʊϳʱһľӣһ·費ҷɣĵгԱ½ˣ˷վӿ˸һݶѲغá
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ⲻɽͶС֪𣿡ţǸɢɢͳˣǡι
͵ػͷһˣãûܿաˣǶأ
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ίԱҵɿ𣿡İѱֽʾȥ
ֱҴһʼһ£û뵽ŮôϸģʱڱֽϿˣںߵ඼аѱǾ̸ɡ
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ʲô˼
ûʲô˼ǲˡһνԼһˡ
ϻˣأֿտգҲûӣҲ˵е˾ǰۣŹ˵ļıɤŶҪˣôһ룬ǹɻѹȥҲУҲòôǮ
һ೵ȥɣǷɷˣίԱıνű߻ʮıֽŶʮţɣôҲܸĻص㶫ȥ
תͷŮģôĶרܵƭңҸô˵ˣ治Ҫˣ
С磬вȥҽҩһףȷҪһˣҾһ䣬յûУҪҪʽף㲻͸Ͻȥʱ䣡
һҭû뵽ôǿӲߺģ˵ջѶ಻ףϻ㱻˸ˣʱҪĶʮŰѻó
俴һۣѹһǸӣҡ˵öԣո㲻⣬ڵҲˡҲˣûûϽһؾǼ۵Ļȥɣҿ˭ܳôɿ
˵꣬Ǵţɾվȥ߱һ...ˡţȻ
ˣôôЦִӺͷ׷վڽǰ£ⲻ...ⲻǣ...
̽̽ҵĵߣ𣿡ͣ½Ųϲһ£һίԱƢãЦ
ҧã͵ҵĴǿ̸̸˰ɣ㻹ǷǮء
ֲҪߣֵظոյĽȥֳĬһ£˵ɿûչֻյһ֧ʮ㳦㣬ϻ˵ļ۸һٰʮ߿Ǯë֣룬ٰʮˡ
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У־ûôȰǮң
ѻó
־ȣǾվվ̨ϣǸСվֵһ۾ܿڸ
ѻĶˣսǸӣ·
ιҪǸӿɲӮҲԵʹ
˵ִ󵨣Ҳеɵ󵨣ѻڻվͷһ˾ĲݴüѿݲݵסˣҪۼ·һߣǿǷַӵ顣
ŹӲЩɲݣ˿ľӣȡ˼ɿͼ㳦ʵûм٣ѲķŽԼİһǸľӣһЩɲݣѶʮţɽ˽ȥöӶϡ
ߣҺһӰᵽվ̨ȥ̫ˣİ᲻ģֻ
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ǮŮṳ̂ʵˡ
гԵûУϳ棬һһĽæţһͶˣСվûԵģֻʽġ
Ŀһۣ߽űߵľӣ̵ǮһɿĿǮĴ㳦ǣҪ𣿡
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ļпԣһӰͳӣһ
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ճСҲСû˵ѣճСС硣
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˵ϷĹﶼˮﶼƭ˵ģ
Ͳùˡ̣һҺӣҼҲ֪ۡ
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İһۣĻ𳵼ģ
һʮְѻƱͳʱ쵽ˡ
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ָдʵĵַдĻǳιģʵԱʶң
ְһۣѵַպãȷյ籨ͳɡԴҲֹһ˵Ļ϶٣Լ룬ҪҪȥ
˵ԭ֪ҪתһĻҲ³ģٷļȥмϸҪһڳ˴УҰ
ãҾ͸ˣҲ֪ƽһһɿ㳦׬ëëĵȥǵ˴򿪳棬ѪҺǹŴðվð˳˷ɻڣֻҪܿõҶܸҳ
ļǳͷˣЦĻǴĶģ
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ˣ˼ҳԷҲʣ֪ҲȥջУֻҪãͻҶƱǮӡ
ҪܴϷŪ㶫ȥ𣿡Щ뷨֪ܸܲʵ
ǹҵƷֱгһЩУȥЩҪǳԵľˣǶĶԲߣʶ١
ľͱˣоٵǼһûУҲûС
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ȵ࣬ĵȵһ˳ˣ˴Ļվг;˷ֻͣʮӣǸľӣһɨȥڰ˽ ᣬڼǸˮˣ˻°š
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ģˣ㣬ҡС
ѵĳЦЦҸˡĿͦɫˮһǵˡ
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ˮͬ־鷳ˡİѻ˵պãȻҪȥʾָ籨ġ
û¶ҺͺǿɿĽˡˮ֣ҲͷʲôԶߡ
һ˳һתվתһˣ˽תһˣֱӵ죬ǵһˮСվС˵ǻȥӣš
Ļһģʾָ˵籨ʮӻϣм䲻ӡ
ط壬һҴСڴڵһ³ͷɱȥȱһұһ£ֶ±˱ӣͳɿһСǳһֿζġ
ȥϸˣһͷܵڿ졣
ȥ˳Եģ͵͵˴㳦ɿֱۣյ˵ȻǾͻȥӲˡ
һǣҲѹȥĶز죬Ȧڼ壬Ͼʶһ֣־ϻһ·;͵ϰߣɲ߹ȥ˵ܾڼ̫ˣӷˣȥϿӰҲһ
ˣϻҴȥĵƬҲõˡİƬͳһӵĺգһǽܶ˵Ƭģĸӵ衣
һָ治簡
Ǻӵ裬ҪںӣСͶһ۰ʲôãĲһҵ˼
СʱͿĸ۾ϣĸ󣬸ɼͥĺӣûһ˹˵˫ԸСүү̳
޼ĸĸһУһصȱʧʱʮˣʱĽ˵ļͥȸջϰߣڵͻһһӵദģʽ
Ҫұ𣿡һҿ˸ǷΪ
ʵĲոһС⣬ʮֿܣһң֪ϲʲô𣿡
ʲôô˵һҾ֪ϲڼд֣ʱܣʱС˵治֪
ǮЦ۾Ȼа㣬㰮šͷļˡ
һһӾͱڵ²ģʲôǶȥĺɫǣŽģɿֵͣĺӣָܵǿů̫⣺ţܺãҲϲ


84 
ҡҡž͵ʮһ, Ѿ¹üѩˣԺѩѰ˶סˣһЩߵҲһѩ, Щ԰ѩ˼, ͷ·ϵѩ, ȥ·˲̤, ѩˮһģ˲̶࿴
Ϸ˶ԱѩĻ룬˵Ǿʹ˻ˣԭѩȾ, øԡ
һѩ, ĺǾˣѼѩˣﻬľ嵽ѩ, ӻ»ÿնòֺ, Ҳ䣬ȳһͷ
̲סд߽, ˳ǻһԼͷѩͷ, ͬ˼űֽϿǵĺڰѩͼһŷ, ǷģԼúúõġ
һҲ˵, ɽľڼҿ, ȱʲô, ̤ѩűȥģǴγܺ˵Сģ˼ǵø࣬Ҳе˸ˮĻĺ⣬ǣڱˡ
һѩͷˣİԭԼͷż˸ͯͷýĸͿ㣬ٰӣ˦˦ȥñӶϴ
ǱһҴȥ˸Сƽͷڸվһ𣬳˻ϳ⣬װ׾ЩŵĿɰŸˡ
ӭһѩ֣ʮµһ죬ȥУͷ˷Ǯ꣬һӭ˻һҵĹʡ
һҶԹʺǮ̬ȣûµڴһ¥˿¥ķ䣬ӸŽӷë̺˯Сˣڿ̺ӣ˻裬ʼǮ
ȥüŷֱдϻҡͥдŻŷװʮǮǸŷװ˶ʮһʮһ¾ȥʮ飬ҵ򻹿š
ǸʲôһҲ
дŻģǸļױǮдżͥģǼĴҪĶҪ񣬾ʹǮȢϱǮ¸ٸ棬ȴġǮǾԲҶġűʱ߼Ǳ㣬һʮǮŵװ׵ġ
һһӲ˵ʲôױǮȢϱǮ̲סվ򿪷ţ˯ģȸߵСѿһţŵıƲסһ꣬һ꣬ҪʼĻ޵ˣ
̧ۿۣСָʲô£㷢µ㻨Ǯʮ壬š
һһеؽӹոµĴŽᣬǲţģǲ̫ˣǲŶ󣿡
ˣʮһξ͹ȥˣȰǮǴϣʱ򲻹黹飬ǣֻҪʲôóǮС˵ţʮ嵽ճǱߵϣǾͻʣʮ
ûһһŷ⣬дϻǮĸ֣ʮǮȥÿҶͷʮǮκǮκˣӷǱҲãսҲãǰҲãǮǻǡһһٶʮǮ㹻ġ
ʣʮǽҪҵǮȸһǧʮǮͿͣˣ֮תͥְṤˣǻŷǮҲҪ֮ӡһӾͰǮֺˣȥҵƱҪǰǵǷծеͲƱȫڼƼͥʳͬ𣿡
һʮǮ㶵صͷвͬ
ҹоԼһʮǮ֧һҲ֪ԭǿôģ˹ʣ˵ƻʹܻµ׾Ͳˣĸڣܸȥջ͵һ֮󣬻߸ɴǲ֮ˡ
ǣģʮǮս𣿡һʵƽʱڼٻǮȥϸԵģżС彭ģȻһܻǮͲˡ
ԣǰ޶УʮǮ߾ͲСϻΪ飬ǳöء
һսѣˣԭǰߣתˣ˺󣬼״Ͳ̫áһ˵ǼǰڻĲ̴ͷ˫ˣβʱҽԺ˼£ǰʱվǲھҽԺдģ˵׼Ǯʻһҵ˼һҵʲá
㿴Ű졣ǽѪܵƽżĻѣǰǰˡ
˵Ǯ˸ģ˵ӱʵģ߳ҪԶ𴲵ĺҲҪ˵ǮΡ
쵼ָʾһҾ֪ôЩǮˡ
ʮճѵǮڷõĵطİװǮŷ˱ŽһٰܱյһСòˣ¹Ķϡ
һǴˮϴ֣иֵϰߣǮƱһҪݺݵشֱ֣Ϊϴɾ˲㣬ʵһүү̸ģ֪һֱסˡ
޶˰£𣬰ѵƹˣڴϣ˵ˣͷѩ£׷װع磬ǵůģ˳
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ĿСͺ˷дţ˵ɿţһ죬ܿˣ㳦˵ʡȥ˵۸ͳˣǸݽĵĽ飬ɿ۸񶨵ĸ̵һЩҪƱС׬һʣ찴ոɵıǮһǴмæˡ
ýļɿţɣٽ꣬ﶼǮܽپͽ٣а취Щˡ
籨дںͻ𳵳ΣϻǸˮ˰æת䡣
Żһһٶʮǽĵķֺ죻ţ٣˵ķֺ֮ٴǮǶûýټǮȥ
ĿŴЩģϣʮǴƱˣοһ˼ϰٵģҪСͺСЩºۼŵù˴ֽˡ
ͷǮƣĻǸ˵ģܺù޲ߴڼ壬ʲôɲˡ
һٶʮ飡ǼֿԶһǮǮǲ׼߻һҵģ˽Ǯ˿ȡڣȥǮŻȡʱ䡣
ȸԴеС緢籨ȥҴ¡
ʵԱżҲ˷籨ӪҵĽɩ籨ͺ֣ȫ֣ҲûʡϾֵĵ籨æиɩӷ籨ȥһǶΪʡǮÿ¶һξͷ֣ǮԼɷ򽲣ô꣬ûͣծ׷ֲиʵԱ
ССʵԱżҴİ鱨
Ķţû̫ãëѥȥҲ̴㣬ò̴æȥҴǮ˵Ҫ¶
˫ëͲѥǻһɽʱװ˸壬ץֻĻӣ˰Ƥ˫ѥӣѩʱġ
յʱǿһ¿ɰãȻ²ѥӣůͣ
̴ҪȥǮ˶̯ϵǵ⣬ֺͶ䣬һƹƤñȥˡ
˴һΧſڿͷһζͼʮûϴζһѬýֱֻ˳ôǷóڻˣʮǮˡ
˵ɩӺˬǰǮĿټ
ıζһѬ˼ͷֱţֵܣͷţ𣿡
űͲ۾̴ڳྣɩӣԼİɣ
ĲͶҪţɣңھͿôɶ
ˣؿڣҲˣɽʮҪĻȫ㡣˵ֲһ䣬øǮزǷǮˣǼҪޱ컯ѩֶӾ͵ѧˣҪѧѺ鱾ء
ҪٸҽһǮȻҪôࡣðӷëóɩӰæ֯˫ףֶҪܲˡ
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һֻҪʮٴţ˿ͷĲ̴㣬Ҳȥ
˵ûȥֵһ÷ףͱ۽Ƿ죬ҲЩĲ̣ɩӣ㻹Ҫ𣿡
ҪжҪ١ĹƵ꣬СͺҲģţͷţҪҲԡ
ҾٽëǮĿ㣬˾ͲˡҲܼ֣ţడһ쵽ɽιӣ÷˾ٱռһͲˡ
ҲУðŪվȥЦĿɿʮţɡ
¶һҾ˵ıУɩӶһǮӣҵǰͷȥվ
ͬˣѪĳɱôԽԽˣ
Ҫȥˣڼҳţɸ˵ǻǷʮ˽ĸ̴һС̴Ҳգ󰡡
Űɣ͹񫣬ܵԲɡúã´죬óԷ磬һһǶԵģĶʺڼҿȫʺϳš
̴ƲŽӹ˵ǰҪѡ˸ӣ뽭ɩӴȥϲơ
ϲЦտǺ¶һȥ
ӻ飬Ǹõӣ̴ҲˣõܵĵȥˣﳤģСˣ̴ߺû˹ǳԲ̴Ͳ̴ܵҵķģǼﶼǵӻǼũаŽģʮ߲Ȣϱ
ҸдķԼ̬Щ仯ǰԻɥȢЩ£һֺģ̬ȣ·ЩԼԶ䵽ʵ˫Ųڵϣ̤ʵԸ뵽ʵʵȥԭʼĿֺͱˡ
ǽһɩӵıؾ֮·ɣԳ
ǿ̫ˣ̴ЦƤ壬ıǹιƽԭ޸ɽڵһ۶ʵ̫ˣÿϼͶдëֵţˣأŰæдأɩԸдҽȥͺ˵
ӣҲܿŸȥˡ
һһĲڼңڳˮհˮȥͱֶնõĽһ죬ιһ͵ţɣҪȥϲƣȥ
ôأһҰסüЦȥġ
ҦǷҪæ⿴һĻһӻŵֽŶ֪Ͻܵȥͼܵ˵ҿͽһ𡣡
ɲô·Ǹ׾ģ˵³ҵĺβĸ飬Ҳû§һѽ
С˵ʵ̫̼ˣ
ڱֽϷд֣ͷ̧Ұ־Ͱճ˵춼Ƕϰˡ
ҦҦ˼һۣԭ˼ҵİİ
һţڶ¥ϣ극ɡĲڻһһ磬˵ϵš
ҿˣţ˵յƬˣӳúãллûǡһҲţˣǷŵĳ˽Ǯ£Ĳ˶أסԺ͵óҩǽˡ
飬ÿܴӻһõʮǮʡԼãһ¿ʮ飬ûйû룬ʵƶӣû취ųŻһǰ򿪿ڵġ
ô㣿ìܣ˵Լģ顣
׼ֱӸʮǮµ㻨Ǯ£ٹܲʣ壬ҵùšһһ˵
ǰ˵սأ
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ĵõԼĴ𰸣Ҳ§Żһңͷһңң㡣
һҰ˱Щףģ˵˻ͺӷڵһһǰŬ
ţ㡣૵ɷû߶һͬڷһɳͺܺá
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ʱѩż±̫٣Ӱ˶ѵ＾ѵϿΪ˱ִҵսʶ
ŵļӪʼΰųѧϰսƻһҰһЩӿؼҿҹ޶˿Ż𣬶ڵ·飬ҹͷη磬żѩܰҲţڼ˵ĽŲ
һЩ仯˵ǽĵӰ죬ÿ˶ôһʱ䣬쳣ѧϽˣڲǸʿصǸɷðְ֣ԹǸˡ
ɽܾƺȱ˵ʲôȱʲôѩصģӶסҲ˵
˵ĲеһҲû취ȫ˽һˣʹҲһ
Щϸ֦ĩڣҪù۲飬ʵû취ŽȥľХĶ˵ӷЩŷɩæ֯ףɩһ˫֣֯ëһ۾ѧᣬʮ֯
һϲͨɩһëߣҪæ֯һ˫ף˫СףһѵװһƤף˫̫ˣʺ
ɩϸľͷë룬ڽĵĿߺ˵߿ٸ֯ס
˵Żͷںɩӣɩڲڣ˳Ҫˣ
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˳һھӣܵͺͱﶼɩӣ˳Ҫˣæѽ
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ΧΧȥ֣ӵţӣ˳Ǳ߲¶ɣ
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ͷһ ·ʹԼˣ֣ӣҪȥ𣿡
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ıͲϲˮ򸾣ŤͷȻûһӣ͵͵ͷء
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֣ϣýͷȣԼȥˣһʹ˵ˣɤˣӣҪѺӵͷתתͺðˣƻҪһ󡣡
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һҺͽ§˯˰ҹͭڼã˵˳Ҫˣ˺öѪ˭û˲Щ󲹵Ķȥ³ʦң֪ҲֻǷһЩ轣ˮȥá
ıͭѣֻۣһѾںڰˣ֣һսģıźӣȥ
һ󣬻һҼͷմһѩͽ˵˳Ѳˣǳҽԭѧҽ˲θһҪܻǾĸƽܾ...Ļû˵ˡ
գͷ£˲ϴ·¥ڷɽǻһ׸ϵġ
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ĵʱ꣬һʱʱ˵壬ģڽֽϣͺ˴ϻţһڣ˵⼸飬ĵʱͷǮûǮʲô˼ۣûؼҷţһҰûҲת׳ͷţ˸飬һžСꡣ
һңİǴɽ˸׳죬ŰǼ뷭ȥ˳͹ȥҲ֪вУܵ԰ɣ
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賿콫Կ·ʱ򣬻һɫЩƣػˣĴӴֽŷŽůţôˣ
˸Сӣ˳Ҳˣߵʱ˵ںȼˮˡСһƨɾͰСһƣ˵˶ڲˣСӿѼ¥˶ˡһЦѵӿʱ¥һӷ𣬡˼٣˯һٹȥ
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İ֣˳㺢
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Ĳ뱻ĵ㣬;߶Ͽɫ׵˳ˣ֣ЦһЦֺһȥճĺӣ󰡣ƤӣϺӣеϵСָ
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ĲҲµ϶Ǹھ˵ЩЩЩˣǳԱ˳ŵģ
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кüھӶ˵ȥ˳һšһҲ˵ģСܶˣмʵ
̾˿治֪ԼʱײʱĲã֪ԼǣǸҺûʲôĻᡣ
ȷʵϲ⡣


85 
Դе, յдųιĵ籨ϲ̵ذѵ籨˿, ŮǴ, , һ¾Ϳ, ҪĻϻض࣬ҺϴһϾͿʼڻ߰ٸ͹ȥܴ, ׬һǮ
ʱһûľɷͷͷ, ϺͶϼתŵԱߵĺﻹүүҳϢ, 뿪ȥҸûʶǵĵط, κãȾƣǹӡ
үү, ͷ̫, ľͷΰƳȥɹɹ̫, ͷɹɣ緹ǰҾͻԹԵİ
ְƳȥ, պһƬſڵĵط, Ҫ붯һ, һԱߵʯ壬øڵӸ
ڵĵطԴбһƫԶֵķһ䰤һ䣬ÿһ䷿סˣռɹ£з̱үүסһСһſ˯˵Ĵһ˼·ĳʣһɾɵˮһСϣûġ
һӵʱȥţһŮˣϻմŵϴĭ
˵ӣҳȥһˣҿүүҪûҸˮ棬ιԡ˵һǮŮϡ
Ů˵ˣҪëǮһ㳦ûȥý
С磬ͷæɶɲܸɻ°ˣö๫Ѳ֣ҪСİŮǮɿΧȥûͷ˵ѸٰЩغãеض֡
ֳ֣ҿүүİɣ˰
⺢ӡŮһϧӣҲû취óһű̺ӣүүϥϣƵӰĵطº˵үӣ¶Ұҽȥ
ȫ̱үӺҹ˼·ûжûб飬Ųӣһֻճɼצ״һֵָֻͷֱܶ߷˸ʯӣգһ۾Ҳ֪ûЩ
ֻﴧɿԭȥһưܵլȥ·ϻؽסд·޳ͷкֹһ䣬ͱץסˡ
ӴⲻԴʢֵүһģĶȥأ˵⻰ģһƤñˣĺʵʵģǩЦһݣ˿־塣
ץסһĸ׳ˣ˫ָǯƵģ˫ֲܶ
磬磬緹𣿡ĵЦݣ˫ֱĺͷϰϹ
ԴгǱһ׺ƣֵ¼ʮ֣ûλֲ˸£һרҵƷǱĻ϶Ҫߵߣȥ
ָտʼûأõСץסһ٣ѧˣֻڵϽ
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ֵѪһӳԴֽű䣬Լػĵضҵװ򶨣ƤЦ˵͵վдſǮͲˡҪҾ;վܣؼҹ˲ôһǶǸñҿˡ
Ǹеۿ̧ۣͷֻܼӬ϶ЦģҾ˵ү˺ƲܲЩֵܵġ
ֳϹҾ磬ʵھҪȥҵƿƣҪģڻվſڣҲҪȥˡվͻվⶼãǺ޲Լܷ
⻰ǲ٣ÿֵܷܶСƣɾͷûһؿڵĿڴֻҵĸɿ˵֣ظļ򣺡ȥɣͲ㷢ˣү¡
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ģŲ֪ĶԻľɾ£ͷ޻ѾӲˣֺʱȴһ亹±ϣ첻ȥػˣʵʵڻվһ죬ǰЩյòˣ½һЩܸŮ͹ȥôأҲҪ꣬үүŪүٳһĺ⡣
ڻվڿҿҵشһ죬ϵĶһƵȥˣ˶ãͱµСܶ˶á
һ͵͵ʳ˿ҪҪŸѲߵĶ飬ȴţҵջˣҪɢЩͷҲȥ̽̽ڱ߾ͺˣ
һֱˣҲûȥػǸС¥ǻصүүһסһ·ϱεɪɪſʱָѾүүƽȥˣȼһүڴϣˮ
ȥͷ˸ɾѩˮһˮѿˮˮë˻ֽţүӷŰүү𣿡
үգգ۾̵˼һĻҲ˵
־ͷˣӿ϶Ҳүүιˡ
үү֪ûǧ𷽡˺ӲۡҶأ죡ּүүָָܶŵһʽŵװ飬ڴߣմѩˮѥӣѶĽóϣһ£ͷүӻڶԹԵر
˺Ӳۡپ˵̫֤ΣΪ᣿Ի״ʳʣʱʱСϸԻᡣϰ̥ߣΡ......
үһһģ﷢һ̵̾ϢǻӦʱУۣ˯ˡ
ְѽŲɣүӷ˿Ÿ׵˦ԼһƣôҽʲôãҽѧҳʲôãүүҲβã
˰ҹͷҹ˾ʱִñӣΧΧסٻ˼ë£ϵߵĶӣҵѩ·źڣ˺ü֣صԼѾķϵլҿûˣŽǼľͷשͷǸ©ľͷӣ˽ȥǺһӻңסͣѹŴ˸磬˦顣
ûҵƣ˻ΧȫˣſʼòסǰѴ޳ͷǶŪֵͲŵԼĻɿ㳦
̾ҪôֵǮĶҪɱɿ㳦Ĺˣ֡
һĲӣɿ㳦װȥعڲ࣬˳ǽĴһ˶ûУǽ߰Ӱͷ˺þãȥ޳ͷļŴľӣһվȥ㿪ĶĿ
˺ͽԼõգ޳ͷľӵվŽ𳵵Ļᣬʱһֳۣ˶࣬ӹϵĻ˵ñӰסԼ˻𳵣ͷĽ䣬ȳ
պ壬ɰиھӰæʹԼվ
ô˵ŲӴԴ֣Ӿ⣬ϸһ·װʶĵӣŰʮţվǮһֲʣҲתߣýһ·ʮ泩
ֻǺϻһѶͷԶԶؼػŸϴ㵽߽ǣ׳ʵԶˣ߳
϶ȵˣ˲ŲģһνףڶĬ
𣿻ͷִ֣ķôԴеĻ󣬴˶Ҫվסˡ
ĵͷߡûˣⶫȷָָţɡ
ͷ˻Ĵ˼ɿʹ㳦ڰǼҪԵģ¶ϣٰվ̨
ָϻһȥǮͽһȳĸţϹӪʦģܰͷȥּھͳˣָ㣡
᲻ãŴ̫Ǯ鷳Ļ̫ҡˣСͺ»ŵù˴ֽ
ôһ˵һ˵˫ؿڿڴ֣ѪűתͷģҲŮܲŵùأ
ҪûͲ鷳Լľ飬վ̨ϲһƬѩӿ
Ĵɩ֯ף˫գһ˫۾ԶũأͺͺģҶӶˣȣӰûУˣҾʡ
ֵˣչȥͽ˵С㣬ҪһǮ𣿡
ķ֣һۣҪʲô۶ӣô»ˣ˵
С㣬ҵĽ㣡ؿڣⲻǾôǮ۶ÿһŻҾǮǶ򵥡˽ĿİٶǮأҪǱСѳǾӴˣ˵Ǯ˵ðһٴ
⻰ҲûҲЩǮ¶תͷ֣ҪҸûǰ㣬û㣿ǰԶзյġ
־ưˣ˼Ĭ
ûȫνģԼĻˮƯҲһ˽̫أǮȥʱͻô죬Դô֪ȥĶˣǮá
ּĬȳԷԼ¶
״ŵǮֿ˿ģ룬ŮľвУһѣùǮõ緢֣С㣬İٿǮֿߣһٵ֮ǰĵַдι𣿡
С㡱ȣǶľģ⽭ӰѵֵǮϣ̲סʣС磬ˣ
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ź֪طӦΪʲôǶͻһ ͻҲûֵܣԭǺ֯ġԵͬΪǮˣĴʱЩ֣ô˵˳õǮҲûֵͷʵڡ
ʵҲֱӺˮϵ죬ͳûʲôˣС˵Ժľʱһʱ϶취ԼżģԸΪ£ҲúСϡ
ҪңҽصϾ͸ȥĴӦˣĳ̶ֳϣͬ⡣
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ĽӹֵʮǮû뵽һϣǮתһȦֻصϣģ껹ҪģȻȥҾ͸ġ
ֵû˵ʲôвֻһҪǮĹȥ˵ԼСʮ͵ǮԷ׾ݣڽĲͷɫУһǻĵǺ˻Ļ𳵡
СĻһûţǮûʵ
ļڳվϵˮĻ𳵣ˮˣｭİĸľӰϻ˳ᣬɸ˵ĸǮ
ˮһ޺ӣźѣЦĻȸոպãŽĻ֣ʮӺ󣬻𳵰Ҳˡ
Ŀ̫Ҫ¶һǸջĹӣȥȥιʮǮ˳ȥ󵨣ӲǸ˸ٵģһιˣ޵ġ
ȥ˼ţؼȥˡ
ػһûдڴڽΪһұ³ʦҦίˡ
Ҧί;ԱСϵĻ𳵵ķرСӻ˼壬ͽ·
ѵѾȫһϵѩʦ칫ңԱſţ˽
Ҧίȥһˣȥʡ￪ᣬ˼ȥ׶ľܼ˼ǰˣȷ׳λãϺҴ˵绰ǰһͬѧĵ籨ȷˣڴ
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³ʦ˸̣һƵУ˿ʲôԸࣺܵϺͬѧ׳𣿡
Ҧίҡͷ׳ǸܵҲ࣬׼̽ӡϺͬѧ˵տʼҲֻǲ²⣬ȥˣȷ
һҪȥͷˡ³ʦ˰̣˵仰˭ķȥ롣
ڴ̽𣿡³ʦ룬Ҧί׳ֹ֧࣬һ֧ģɻ˵Ҳ١
ҦίҲȷּʮĽ飬˭˭涼ὲĻ˲ˡ
ǰȥⱼһ£ҦίɫҲãϺͬѧȥ̽ʱע⣬˵ּǿ˿
һһ³ʦҦίĻȼ⣬׳ͷĶˣ˵츸ĸҲΪ֪ܿ࣬޲ȥ
ʦίҿȥǰȥҲУһվ֪ô㿪ܡ
һң𼤶׳˵ģı󶯡Ҧίҵʱȷеĵطһģ޲õƱȥɵڶ죬Ϻ칫Ͼյһдһ֣¶ΪܣǱ֪ˣ˿ûл˼ֻС΢ŵϺͲҺҼˡ
³ʦһֵ̣һ칫Ҷƽ࣬üһ˽ȥ
ҪȥˣǹȫŲ³ʦ˾һңһȥ
ôȥôأȥã˵ʲô͵˼ˡҦίҲͬ⣬³ͱϾˣҲһңҪɸȥ
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³ʦİ칫ҿ, һҴҦί˼ң˼컹ǼԷ
Ĵϻȥţ, һڹһ, Ķĸӷų, ڳˮϴ, ͷһңҸ˺óԵģ
һҽ˳Ҧί򲻺ٸȥ, ȥá
ҦίǼ, ˼֣ܵҲдһնµġ粨
ļ˽ż⣬, ôڽң
һһͷҦίֻ˸Ӱ, ڣ˵Ὺˣ»ȥ㡣ҦίҲ, , һ档
ľͰѴĴ㳦˰, ʵʵڵ棬ûһҶ˳ȥ, Ҧίк
˼ֵڻҴô, ҦϺܲ˼, СӳԵĿ϶࣬˵ЩƱ
һҽĶ˵ã˶֣࣬ͦõġ
ҦϳԹ棬˼лͽʹǻؼˣڶþԱСһƱʡǵزߵøˡ
ϻһҺͽڵ¿ʱЩרģƵƵ׳ͷ˵飬˵ã׳ֻԼ֪ܶй¶֣ͬҲ˵ȥ
ĸоһҽĲɣǱϣôˣ
˵׳˵˵ģ³ʦͺɩӡ
һҰǱ鼮ϣ§ŻϺֽŶůġ
괺ҪһˡһһֱǾĳŵ¹׳ҪųǰͷѣϾû׳ޣûнյ
ȥĶҪȥãʱ䶨𣿡ʵģɩӼİˣҲż᲻һʱ䣬֪ȥĶˣֻģе˻ؼңһֱڸԼ裬ɷǾˣϣȸտʼʱҪ򶨶ˡ
Ϊյ壬ֻƲȥˣòˣиûĺӣĲ֪Ҫô졣
ʱʱݶߡһҲ͸¶κϢֻôһ¡
Σ𣿡ĵĪڴˡ
Ҳȷһҡͷǰͷȷʵδ֪ҿԱ֤ҿ϶ؼҡ
ǽľͷˣȥܷ籨ƽ㲻㷢֣ÿͷ֣ҿĵ籨֪ǰȫġ
ԡû⣬һд1231㣬23ӡġ
δֱ𣬾Ϳʼһˡ
ԭ㽲³ʦͺɩӵ飬ǻûáһҰţһʵλã㽲һ
Ŷ֪ôͻȻҪ˵Ĳȥߣ֪ҲߣϣæŴС£Ҫˡ
⻹ǻҪɩӣֱһҹӣǧͷ֪￪ʼ˵
ƲƲ죺ǾҪˡ
³ʦ磬֪Ž֤һѡ˸ֵĿͷ
ûӣҺ㲻ҲŽ֤𣿡
ٻ飬ȢѸټޣţϡ档
һȴû̧ܣ˵֤³ʦûУͬʱӵŽ֤
ĵˣ˾ɫ˭ϢͬһػʶУ˵صķޣԻ
Ǻ֪õǵһ֤ǵڶ֤Ĺ
һҿһֲ¶ӣЩΣɲ˵ȥˣǵڶš
ĵȤͱøˣԾԾԣһ˫СסĴ֣Ӫ㱻ץסˣ֪Ķ˵ǹɱ
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³ʦǷȥıϼҾڸһʤ̣ˣŻ˼硣һҰ³ʦƽһ£ɩפ׶óʱȢӡ
˵Ǻɩ׷³ʦġһҵЩ£ǳ˽Щϸڡ
ļٳٲ˵һ䣬ԼȥҲ³ʦϼһӣûסСԼʮ꣬ò֪׷ջǾͰԼ˱ⵣͷңŽ֤ģ𣿡
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³ʦפʱʮͷѾǸвεľ١Ҧί˵ʱ³ʦʺ൱ɫǴϾװ·˻ͷ...쵼ýܹߵĲɷãڣǵľӢµľˡһҿƬ˵һҲΪ
ڵ³ʦģֺӡǸĿģˣֻأ³ʦ̳ζ˱ᣬȫ˲Ͽ»ÿǷԵϻһҵʢޡ
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׳֪֪游͸ĸ̳ţ˵£Ҳ̳پӢ
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μŭ׷ҵ³и³иҲϣ֪ƶͶϡ鲻ԽԸ⸺Σμһйǣס֪ƵļֺṥƣͬѸٴ˽֤ʮºµһ³ͼ
ڼ䣬³и˶ϼңԼ˵Լ׶Ȣһޣһӣʲôʱ˴ĸͷٿ³ͼдס
³иԼĹĸ˳ȥϢˣҹܲ㣡ȢȢֻϰһϱ
УǾ³ҵֱȥͰǺӵˣһһ죬ͷģ;ף³иĹĸĩһǾ˵ŮҲƱɢɹضֻľТš
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أԽĶӣݺݵظһƣ
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ĸǼҶԹµҵĳƺ
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ǰ³иȥط֪ƴŲţǻضϼңһ뵽Ǹֻ³ͼСµСŮ³ţͺ޵ҧгݣ³и֣³иĹĸκͣԼ
ִӣ뿪Ϥ׶Լļˣ³и˺޸һƬհ׵Ķ
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κžϷɼң˽ܣȢ˸ϹѾһŮһӣдŻؼңĸκԸ⣬뿪¶һУůϷȥȰĸ
κֻǺ˵ĸѸߣҳã㸸׽ճؼңܵù㻹еףҲߡ
³иԺ͸յĽϵκŴδعź͵籨Ҳ³иӵϢδϾϵԼķʽܾһеİԲסĸˡ
⼸꣬³ʦԽ󣬶ԹԽԽأ֪Լһ˵ǰѾߵòˣɴӾĽŲűĸ̵һĶ飬ͼʹСܽİ࣬³ʦҲʱмįԼһսȴˡ
ϼҾ岻ԶһһҹܵĸѴҲ⣬ްԾͻݣÿ»ÿ¶ҪȥһˣӲϺ֪ƣ֪ҲԸȥǸϹѸܹԼд³иԱߣѺдϡ
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֪Ʋϲ³ˣ³Ҳжϲ³ź³žʹӲ̽³ʦǻؼңһһٷͷҲ˻ϵ
˵һҺͽĶʮֳĬ֪Ҫ˵ʲôãм֣һֻƸƶһУˣֻԼѡ
ҦίӣǴ쵼Ĵҹ㣬ͺɩͬѧͬһѧУϺɩӣΪ֪³ʦ粻ǺɩΨһϹĵˡһҸɴЩ˵ˡ
³ʦ֮ǰɩӾͶԺüٶùƵġ˼ơʱսս˵λߣĿĺԣҪ߹̫̫ĸ߹ټ忴ļͥͻƿھεľ٣³ʦ統ʱǧذתͳ仰ʵ׳˵ģһҽˡ
ҦίߣܾúɩЩ˶˵˶˲̫
Ļ³һЩеÿһˣʮָӵĹ۸У̧ۿŻһ̿еĺôһȥҲҪжϣһǷġ
ǲǻڹ۲³ʦ򸾺ҦίͻȻʣͻͻֽš
ǻһûлش𣬳ĬУȴֻشһС
л˵
ˣˣԲסǣ
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87 
һ֮Իѡʱͽ˵³ʦͺ֪Ƶ, Ϊȥ׳֮ǰͽľཻһЩ˵飬ýĶӴ˽, , Ż˵øࡣ
˳ദ, һҲһЩԼ뷨, ȫİѺ󱳽ڴˣǾѡ̶ȵر¶ԼĺһС
ĺϡӲƽϣӶ࣬оԼһ׾, ѧ᱿׾ȥĺͰһͥ, ̵ְֽһѧһֱڳɳ·ϣһλȣΪһɷ, ǽġ
ǽϻ벻ɵ㣬ʱĴ, Ժ鲨ǰǸرˣ, ԸǿӲ, ͵زŵĹûд, ʮ˺ĵطѧʶҲôḻ, ں˵, ƺʲôһ, մһ߶Ըԭྶͥˡ
һұǱصר鱨ľˣ۲ѪĻÿϸ΢ı仯׾ܲĽģ·ġˣϸĹĵһвĹʦһУǣԸ˵Ҳ˵
ǰھӪ˼ҽի˵еĺɽԼһƤƤɽµķɷӣֱĸǷĵʿ֣õƵԭΣŰݸɷŮǱշӻɽϼɣеĽּ뷲޹ϸ
һʱҹŻ˯ĽģﲻʱЩ£ôڲͬôôҷ·ʹ˷˶ңǷҲƤĺӣԵɺϼɷ
ѡʼղ˵һ֣Լģҿǲ㡰ƤӴ뿪Ѷֹǣֻ̰ãҪߡ
ʼհԼԽţκˣǱԼڲ̫ͬױĴۣҪǲȺУ֤Լȥúõػţϸ֦ĩڡ
һ֮ǰδԼһİˣΪݼڵذӣɶŵɷ򣬽Ҳұ¶Լܣ̶ֻȵչԼĸԣ쵱Ǹȫͬġ̫ǿǸǵִŮԣѾܵεԼͲԸپԼСˡ
ܣԸܡ
ǻһЩֹ˲䣬û뵽˱ģһͬܡ
֪³ʦͺ֪Ƶº󣬽ĶԺ֪һЩĹۣˣĳ̶ֳϣԼİ˺Լ֮ϵģܼ򵥵ðĽٺ޼޸߹̫Ƭˣ̲ס룬Զʮ꣬һۼ³ʦһ꣬ôЩ꣬һĹˣһص˺¡
ԼٰһңͬЭãʼհԼڵһλ
Ҳвĵطͷ䣬ľռɱֽڼд֣¶ָָڷףҲְѡ¥ǡ͡ڸдΪֹ
̴дĶûйʲôƽƺͶԳƣ˺ֽ̧־д²ƣԲԲǴ;
̴һǶǲƣԲ컯ѩ˻ͻϲϲذѶ˻ȥڻǰҸʱڼſϡ
գľʹӣǮ̤ŷѩͶȥȲ̴׵ϲơ
̴׽вСţȢͶһѸ˼ҵĴŮ»ͲãһӵŮˡ
̴˽ºͽ˵СţͷϵӿˣҪԼСңùŮҡ
СţʵһӣϵƬǽıģһľͷĳΧСԺزƽСԺžӣżʣܼªƶΪǰϲ£ֽģϲ죬
Ĵźӵ̴ͲСţܻӭͣڿӿɰȥĴţȽӵ
ɻСӣסǵĴûһЬӱһ󣬾һһܵÿ죬ͷȥˣںͷ׷׷ϡ
̴ͲСţҲƽϣͳˣ˵˺Щ˽İæдӣ͵ͷԵģüš
Դѩ󣬻ҾûԶţؽĴϲƣ͸ֵСˮ˲ϺȣľֻԺܣܵͷȥ³ʦǸȥĶӣɰľҲø߸ߵġ
ɺӵ˭˵׼
°æǵӣԱߵĴӰæСģһ¾ûס
Ӵȥ·߰˸ûȼ̣ӳ˸յ÷ϸ̣ҪȥӣӶǵ˻Ͷ̡ԡһ죬ҶֽЦ춼ĵ֣ϧСɵ̿˲ŶըָˣȻֻǵʹûˣҲһСͯ޵òѡ
ʹˣίҪޣɤܹһֻС֣סĵ裡ʹ
ŵýĶϵıʣ˱ȥ֣ΪѪˣҺûըˣִָ᣺Թԣһ¾Ͳʹˡ̲סҪ䣬˵˲ô棿۾ô죿޲öƨ¡
޵øˣŽĵĲӲϷſ裬ʹ
û취ֻð˱ԺߣıһصֵҩͿһ£òã
ֻǴޣŴ˲Ϸ֣Ūýʲôɣ˵Ҫæġ
Ҽ޵Ҳڽĺͷֳѣˡ
̴㴩Χȹڳæɩں庢ӣŶǵҲܳ䣬̰Ūʹָģ䣬ְοģˤˤس󣬲ųýʵ
ֱ˵ʱ䵽ˣҪȥˣԺҪߣĿתС飬һСſ˵裬Ҳȥ
˾ȥ޹󣬱һᷢɷʹϴӰɾִӴͳѩͿֹס
ǻֻЩָŻҳȥˣֻʱʱͷǷڣڣŵܸܵܣҲûԶ
ҲȥˣﴺȲСţһưܣСŵĵطûУ׵˶·ߵȣҲ֪ԼСûòСţͷ̫ãԼ߳ˣ˼µѣڲΧ˿ɫĲͿźɫŵ֬ԭòЩ죬͵Ӧˡ
󣬲Сţһغ̲ǣס˺ΧЦ֣ӵֻ˲Сţ
ĹĸĨᣬվſͱ˼޵˰Ů·һߣӴ˾Ǳ˼ҵˡ
̴ͼڻϣץ˻òСţʹһǣŰѺӷ
ڲСţϲƣؽûֻϴһ֣ȻعͷһӾͱˣӼһ̲סЦһ£治ֻ֣ø˼̫ˣֲǶԣԵð뼢뱥
ͷһֱֻըС֣֪ƣһҲͻȻؼ֮ǰҪ裬һȥҪţɺɿ
ҳһˣ˷磬˾ˣյĻ裬ҪһĽӣȹ𣡡СӸӲߣС
̴˶ɢˣͷ׷Ĵ켦ɩӣкܣûԱɣѼȥӳԡ
л̴㣬ͣĻؼȥˡ
˼ңһһû°࣬ҳҩͣѻָͿһ飬һ£Ҷȥһ棬˷ųˣ￾û¸ɣûһˣ¥ȥ˯һһ˯ڡ
һһصҵʱ¥¥һƬΪĺû¥˲ŷһС˯Ϸ켦
ǱһѣȥЩͷѵˣ
ţһ硣һҰ˱ְӽѣ˯ȥͲ˯ˡ
İ켦ˮůһҳԣģϲĺ켦
һЦƵǣȥ
·С˯úˣһһԼʳָʹĴְְָ֣㿴ҵֱըˣͿҩͣҴ
һҰϥϣСָҿƤûƣҲûףְһ£мʹʹʹ
ɱٽˣٽо͸úˡѧŴ˵˫ֽǰڶ˵
ҲãϻˤӣҪֺſ˯Ҫ̧ܣɲҡ
Ҿһ£ƵһǰҪһűֽһܣ
Ҫһֽɻ㴵֣̼ȥ
һԻһҺͽЦֶŵС¥ȥˮ
ҹһţǶҹ·䣬ƤĺӶٳˣ츽λھӳ˷͵ǼңΪ˵Ӫеƣҿ˵˵
ԭҦίȥʡᣬһļļǹչɨä˶Ҫɨä;äʣʡܺڵʱᵽȥ鹤
Ҧίһͺͺ˵ˣдļָų˵ˣǶԱԼ´ľǣԼﲻʶ֣ûϹѧˣɨä࣬кʵʦѡƾһ£Ͳȥ֪·ŵ֪ʶӣ֮ⷢǰ¡
ɨäûϿΣ϶ҹܰصݶСѧͷĽңԼܵʦãҹ·ȥҲýʦҹס⡣
ųܿ´ȥѧϰ֪ʶǽı֣Ȼûǵɩ֪󣬾ۼļ˵ľ¡
Ҷ˵Ŀ϶ǲñģһĽУȻֵķԭҽңʦ飬࣬˵ͣһЩ·˵ĸץס³ʦ˼죬޵ٲˣв²ûƾʦĻڻʲôܻܿҵ֪ࡣ
ֻԼ˸֣֮ΪеƣԽҾǼҿᣬͻһһøտˮȣʵ¶˵ǷһϵûУҲ׼롣
Ҫ˵͸Сɨäʦǹ˽׼Ů죬˼иĻЩûϹѧáǻɩӵĻƽǼңѾѧ˺ö֣űдԽĽ̺ӵǱдһ֡
Ĳҽӻ´ҰѻѾҪβˣͲԸٳͷˡ
˶Ҳд֣Ҳ׷׸ͻɩӣԣСԣȥڵ˷ӳ˵ƾСǵʦ
ʵʦķ˺ɩҲСһɩ˵ĻԺɩһǺ֪ƵĳߣɩʮǰĴѧɣ׶רֵʦѧУ𣿡
˵ǾʦѧУ֪֪Ʋδҵѧ꼶˺Ӽ޸³ʦûȥѧ
ԣɩҲССǣţʼвʱ򡣺ɩƽʱڼҲϰֲ࣬ڼ壬ӦñСпաɩҲ֧֡
˭ȥɩӣǿʦѽֲȥͺ
ʦˣǲǸӦúǴһƬλôأ˷ԡ
ҪҪ֪ʦһ룬ּۣо˺üˣͬ˷
һ仰û˵ԼҵĽĬĬذѿĲ𳷳ҲĿ𽥱䣬ͷʱη磬ſڴÿϣ˻ǼɩӲŶ˵С̫˲ֽű䣬̿ůͲ·ǲɷá
һ¥ȥˣǾĻ⣬һ϶û˵仰ᵽҲֻǰ־ܾѡһ¥òˣѼɩͳȥţ¥ɷȥ
裬Ҫʦ𣿡ո¥£һ䣬ָ
裬ҺͽҲûϹѧҲäҪҪȥɨäࣿҵ⾹ͦ߼
ûУͼ죬˵˵ѡİǽܱϴ˯̫ˣ˶Щѣڴֽƣȷʵäѧ
һҷ飬Ҳһ棺ҪǾƣȥҲС˵ʱɨäʦƱһλȽ
˿ƱУȽǼҫŬȡǺö˶Ҫġ
ƱЩĶпǮƱȴһֱȱʱһҺը㶫ԶҪü죺ʲôʱʼּ塮ܱ𣿡
һЦѧУ¶Դǰ󿪰ࡣҪǴƾȥʦڻӭҲ¶;ϣѧʦķѧԼƼľ͸˵ˡ
ľеڸոչˣɩ˵ʱ򣬵͸¶ԼҲȥʦ˼
ȥɩӼﻻʱ򣬽ľһɨä£ɩӣҲ֪ںͷ׼ôˡ
ɩˣһӾ˽ĵ˼ЦסģСˣػءɨä൱ʦֲǻ£Ҹ˻Ļ˵ʲô
ıҲмֲ˼˼ɩҲʲôΪʲôӿƵġ
Ҳãоģͨ׼дҲÿɩŵ㣬¶ٹ죬İɣȹˣǼ帾ŮίԱȥҺڷӳҵһƾ㣬ҲлȥȽ
ϲЦտлɩӣһƶ˼ҡ


88 
СС, ˾ꡣ
գİѻĻƶĥɶûȥѹʵ, ಻̫õĶ, Ӱʳ, ľû, Сǿ鶹룬ָڼϵõھ˵㡣
֣һ̫ϵˣǼ˴ͳǳ԰˱콭ĳԵмһŴ׷, ƫƫһҺӸû¶һ, Եýζ˸׳ýѧ˹ֶǵķ˵»ػҪԡ
ɩӺͻɩӶͷ, Ե࣬˺һ, ҲǼһ롣
ԹھӵĶ罭ĺͻһ˵ȥҦί˼𼸸˹ǳԻǹ, ԻҪ˶֡
һҴñ, ȥ, һ˼ʽķѩñ, һžŸСѩѻ, ˶ֵı, ܵͷѩ̡
ڳ׼ʳģ˿һˣӼǰͿʼڳԵģΪľһܳϣûһҰһСӳŵǸƽʱջȡůĿϣȡ
⡢ţ⡢ĺײˡԼĶѿ㳦ǰѼһЩʺɽһӣȻûϺʳģѾ߼ĻˣĲ˵ĳɾ͸лʮġ
ȰһЩպ϶ˣͽһȥһ顣
һҺҦίһţͿڳ˶Ц
ҦίȤõϯ硣
ľЦǡ
ϴ֣ΧŹӳҦίԷƿþƣͻһСԼ˸񫣬Ҫֺ춼ͣĻҡ
սԽԽ࣬쳳ֺͺãΪһ¥׷¥ϣֻҪţûһ徻ģ˶ʱһ£ܴܶһϣԸôĺû۸ǽܵġ
һҺҦί˺Ⱦƣ˼ֵҪǳǳһڣֵܶ˵ҪҸͰ³æ嵭ζ
Ҧ˼죬֪ѧĻ֡壬Ǻȵʲô򣿡
ҦһͷҶڳԷأ˵ʲôʺƨ
ֵܶҪŴû˼ͣ¼ԣҦ໹佭ŪôóԵģ̵Ҫѡ
ҦίЦܷɣٱҪͽĺһľŻһұʣµİ뱭Ҳȫˣһ¾첱ӴˣĸҲ̫ˣ
˵Цһ󣬴Ҿ㷹һҰŰʰɾȥ˲ǳźС뱭ӾͷˣǰӸմҡϣֻèһۣųԵĶӣãϣڡ
Сëڱֽϻڹ껭ѩ˻ӣֽƺ;档
ҦͻһͷѾƣ˵顣
Ҧί³ʦѾˣȹ꣬ԪǰûһҳֳĽţ𳵵һСнҪһлʣȥһĻʹ԰ݡ
һҵͷͬ⣬˵˻
Ҧ˵գ³ʦϼңȥˣѹһһˡյͷҪҪЩ׳ͷ˰ԵĶȥ
дɽ󽭴ˮϾʪ׳ͷ˳סӦò⣬ǵû취ϵϸڣҲʮˣǰЩоܹˣ˼ҵ˶Ѱ
һú޲ھͶȥʲôʱûˣ³ʦҦίûʱֻ
ʱףǻ˷ǵģЩ꣬˭ﶼ尾
Ҧί˼ȥ󣬻һҾȥϴˣصһһſС˵ĻѾ˯ˡ
һҰӱ¥ȥ¥мĽģιıӣźôһ㣬ô
ЦԱùԼձߣҪֱԼıˡ
⻰˵ֱƣһҵĺʤϾͱˣ𵶣˱𣬵ֿڼϣƨɣҪĶȥЦӶĻ֣Լڻһϣ˫΢У˫ָľһһһ׵Ķǿˮ̿ÿѹϣˡ
һһ죬˫סֱӴ󵨣ǽһЩòã
ͷһԲûȥãΪҺ˾ͿΪΪ
ŶΪΪ
һˣ֪ǷĿ糢һЩĶߵơ
ǸϣһҰѻҵķһ¥˿ٰȥǺñӣû䣬Ѿ߳˺Ȳѵºë£ȰѽķȥһΪΪһѣҹѾ룬۵ֽɤӷƣ·û˯ˡ
һϰһϸë˲·ȥ߱ûУţֻԼϱ˯
ڶգķԼȫڴϣﻹһ˿һҵζŵƿӣȻ̧ͷһ۷ҺˣӽһѾ¥ˡ
ͷű߽У裬𴲳緹ˣ裬ôˣ
Żһҿ·һ׽ȥͷԼϵļۣҲ֪ôڵģҺǶ죬סͿˡ
ˡĴӣëЬеǷš
ԴʣΪʲôҪŲǽȥǲͰ͵͵Զ
ǽȥңҿʼ˵нˣĿڽ˼֣󷿼䣬ѵЬӣѱͷԴ̵ۣĴҳѣǲǾ˼˵ӹ룿
ҵĵңǡñ¥Ļһҿƨɣҽ̹ģѱӵɶ
Ҿˣһĺ
¶һмɵЦʰ㣬˵㣬ӹֵĴƣҪͷ±ӣҪͿѩࡣ
һĿڳԹһٲ粻緹ʼϴˢɹ̫£ó˳ɨѣ´ɨĻҳɨ˳ȥҪˣŻһҿڼңɨ
һҳպͽ˵³ʦؼҹȥˡ
ϦգʦһӪأͲؼҵʿʳóҹģˣûһ£ԾͳŶЩʱڻȥĸ
Ҳ㾪ȣǾʣ֪ڼˣ
ôĽնһ˹ɷкҲһݣҲͦû˼ģм㣬ͬ顣
ҪкɩӡһҾǰǧ˵©ˡȻѹɩӽȥȥ˵Ͳ˵
ûͷҲûҡͷи˵ҽڲȥú֪ˣͦӣɺޣʵڷˣʧȥء
ҴȥһϣĵĶҲˣȥûȥͺǮûУԵǹɣһЩɢǮһЩڵĺӰ
һҵͷӷǱߣǰʮǮŲƱȥʼû취ȫǵ
Ҳ˵ʲôͻ˴򽻵¶ǻһҳġ
콭ֹĹĵСȥ˷˽ҼİżһʮǮĻƱǽġ
һҲţһǸطģ𴽣ǰǲҲ̫Ƶˣźȥ
Ȼ˵ϰԪĻƱֻۣʮǮȹ꣬ʣٶķֺ죬ʱȰܣˣܵ潻Ǯٸ
ͽвͬýĹСģһŻƱѣ˭û¶ĻƱｭ÷ֺ죬ãôŪôŪҲܣֻҪ꽭Ļܼȥɿʹ㳦ĻԴֻŪǮ¡
Ĳ֪ͺִֻý統ģֵʾȥ绰绰ͨ¸շ칫ңˣѻͲֵͯ
˾ˣ˾ˣǻ/ңˣ֣ڵ绰ͷҾ
ĿЦƵģҲеĵطԭôСֻôˡ
ѻͲС磬ǰף֣ʺɩƽƽá
ҲЦСãҲǡǮյ𣿰ⶣĵġ񻹸ѹǮǵÿһų¸շ棬˵ԼĳģͰ˽ĸ
Ļûü𽭸ĸţȣ²Ҳࡣ
յˡҰǰĵĶ趼յ˰ɣǽĸҵ
ˣƽƽʲôʱ⻹Сõһҹ꣬˶ǹƽʱʱʹùùøʲôʱؼҡ
С磬лġĳŵܵǮͻ쿴ǣҲȥ
صŲ𿪽ҸĸţͷȻ˶ʮǮǽĸʹɩӵĺľͰЩǮдֵŷ
һһ߲ţһսѵģһȷʵġ
սѵ޷һЩʺ
дҳ˵ĻһֻʮǮ壬ôĹһҹ޻ҹأôޣһһŮǧĶһϷԭˣΪˣ
ģ˵϶Ȣϱǰޣ˵Ǹڼ嵽ˣĩҪܶǵĻãضʧܵģ
ҳֽûһû˵ȻһҺͽԷ˲Ҫӽߣݱ
һԽԽջڻͷ룬֪ôô޵ģ³ذǼֽŷȻһûĸΡѶˣǴͲҪˣ
ѹŻԹһ϶ûô˵ļˣΪǲΪѵĹջҦί˵ų飬ů֣̫Ѩ黺һĹɵġ
ġһס˫Լͷᰴ֣ףְ˱ڻͷ˵
ſǷţ˻ụ࿴Էżû˼Ҳûʻһңù򿪿ˣȻģЦˣٿһ飬㻹мֲŻǲظġ
Ϊ𣿡Դϻ˱֣̲סϲһ£ˣ̸Ӿ̸ӣҲҪǰ򱣳ֵˡ
ҶԵסԼġһҵĻҲˣѵӵµܹԼСңͷҪǮӶȥǲŽ壿
ǵ͵Ķ׶׳
ǽĲָ߸ϵĽ˵Щͷʱ˶ʧԣһҲ⣬ǵڶεӣöǰ޳̣οмϾǣŵĺӣҪճ߶ȣܻϽ͡
ѡ
ĴʱԼʱڽ飬äĿ
ƺǸãȻŮˣ֪Ϊʲô飬ֲ˻飬ûпĲпᣬûƻź޹˼ɵǰҪǮΪǸ˶ҪӦҪ
Ժ鲨Ժ鲨ΪҵһõĽ뽭ȥƷּµĲ̣ûлͷ
ڵЩϲ£ڵҲȻһҸߵˣϽͣǰ̵ҲһӵŮˡ
ҵһȻһҸø˼ҵģԹԹӣҲдˡ
ʵΡ
İѽҸĸҼ˵һ£תע㻹ûҴ֤һ ͸ƽƽˣɩء
һǿЦ֪Ҫ˵ʲô
Ҳ˵ʲôɾͶսѣҿΪԼɷеЩĳġ
һִˣǶŮĸ죬үүţԵ֮䶼ɻ˵ǮǶԻһִм֡ΪʣԼֲرĸ
𣿡һʱԼġ
Ļÿһֶġÿһ£˼ġĺ˵ָؿڣš
ģ㲻뿪ҡһְ˱סǸƤĺɹ£ڲΪôһҪһֱߡ


89 
1975Ĵ, СԺÿһ˶ڴĵ
һڴճȥڴǸıݸڴѺͳ߸ߡ
Ϧ, һҰѽдĴ, ֻĺ, ûë, ڵֽдŤŤġ´֣ڴſڣûз򣬰￴ܰϲ졣
ʮ磬ȥϴ, Ь, ⼸֣һֱżٵСĸ˷ܵĵھӵĺòϻؼҡ
Ѷͼֽ, һҾ͵ͽһ׼ķˡ
⻨ʮǮô°˰æһ廨, 㣬ըӣ, һЩھ, ھֻ, һĿڣϦҹ߸ˡ
һ˼, ҲһŴ׾Ƴ, Сڵ, û뵽һ͹ȥˡ
˵һ˵ǼܽᣬһңǼ׬ǮҵˣŴ׾ȥգգ۾
һЦúᣬĵԴջһļңߣסϺ÷ӣѵȺ;гУ֪׳䣬ڹµָƣڲǰˡ
˵ọ̈Ҫ˵һҲû˵ӳî˵һжܺãӣʾ⡣
żȣ֣裬˵˵һᣡ
ĵ˵꣬ҲǸСˣ
ҽ곤ˣеܻܵ˵ˣΪÿһʱ䶼ҪǽߣѾһǽˣʳܰ˵úóԷĺӶߣԳ¶кǿҵĸܺͼԣܵڿɻ˵ˣ˵Ӯͺܣܵˣ
Ҳ˵Ҳ󣬡͵͵ǣû˵
˵ңԼҲˣӿӣüĽһۣԼȥӳԣҵġ
ҲҪӿӣһҵһۣͲˣҲˣҶһţ
ô˸״᣿ָͲСĲͽ
أҲ˵˵һҺһŴ׾ƣģоúȣٶС롣
1974ȥˣԺݵġ뵽һӰ̨ʣʱĵһꡣ
ǸóͷˣҲһһļңԸΪ֮ļҡδһ꣬ϣٳڼңƽ˳ԣһЩУϣܶ׬ǮȻţܻϵʱ
ҳϦҹһ룬ͷѾ˼ҿʼűˣӾȥ֣극ܳȥǱ̳ԷˣھͳĽӣñӣܳȥ졣
һھ½Ű꣬İǰҵһǮĺ˼ȥҲյȫĶ裬ˣȥ̰ԣ
һҲ͸ļսȥǵ̣ѻҽڲϣڴ
ڼкĿˣóӣ£һǼеƣһִգ¥¥¶ƣ˼Ķһݣھྶҡ
üھӻﻰⶼڴߵ׻˶ǮǼеĺô׼껯ѩüͷǸȥӴ롣
Ҳûţһһ˵ˣмɩ࣬ͦģȥ롣
ɩҲУһӵĹӣһ󣬼ĳȥˮҲ˳ȥ˵ɨäƾʦ飺СҺͼɩӶƼ㣬ҿڵ˰дȥˣʮ͸ùˡ
ˮ˼źɽ髺ͺǣųӽȣɩӣʦ𣿡
ȥ˺ɩӣɩ˵Լ岻ãˣû˸ƼɩӺ˵ųίҶ˸еС꣬統֪ģҲ
СҿĻС꣬һľָ//ɨäʦûʣ˼ʶءɩҲ֪СӣûԿ࣬˹ţҲ𣬾ͶڷͼèʱҲͦӡ
Цͷûעǣ͸ɩ˿ţɣллɩˡ
źɽˮȥѾǼҵĹӳԵòˣϵ϶ǿǣߴߴ˵ż¥ͷ¶
˳ˣչŮСǮҲ󷽣ÿٸʮǮ˵˳ȫԼŮ˳ԵõģһǮûϼҵĶӼĻȥ˵赱ƫģ˼ҴӣǮһ¶ϱңɿ˭ϣ˳ϾǼ޳ȥŮ
֣ӼҾŮԲԲ֣Ҳ˵ϧûСӣЩ̫ˣҿ˳ûǸˣ˼ŮģûؼȥӣǶ˵ȥ
Щǹ˵˵Ҳֻѵòòļ飬ʮƪ˵͹ˡ
˵˳˵Сܣ˵ͻңСܴܴ󱦹ӣû䣬ֻܴԸ뱥ҪѼȥȻԼվ˰죬ŵˮˣ뷢ھӰæƽھӶˣҲ˵ܴȥˣСܲŰߵϵĶ
Сܲöӻȥ˵ʾֿȥ籨Ǯʮͻؼ¥
УǸ˭˭ҲͣҵĺӺ˿һ˵еʮŮʮˣƨͷѻͣѪˣ̸ֿԿˡ
һûȥ񣬾ͳȥˣģ֪ôˣСǷ˵ģһȥӱ߿̻ˣҲͻһȥ̻˵ǻûʽԼء
ô֣ǻüį
һǣˤһӣ·ĻҽʱͿ˽ĶһԺ￴쿴ѩǿĵƻ֪ʲô
裡ˤһӣʹϻۣһֻ˵Ĺſֱסĵֽţǻҵģ
˵㲻·ȻϣֻǺĵܵ·׷ܣСײѡ
裬ҴˣϵĲ˴һѪеࡣ
̾˿ճվ˻ûӣ黹ûͷСͻˣ˼֮ϵһɶһôӵģ
ѹ˼Ҷ˵ֶˣӾͺˣӵȫûʱС
ȥѵóȻֵʱʹɱްûһҽȥ޻͵ƣϴ˸ӸҲ·ϵҺûŪرࡣ
Ȼֵʱ򣬻һǿˣžžવصͿҪ裬ҡ
˵ˣҹҪߣܡľǵñӣ˱ҾϷſ
һһԣѻҲߣ¥ȥ¥¶Ǽɩǣ̫ˣ¡
ġ͡Цѻҷ£¥ȥɡ
˼ϣֻٽȥɩǣӼͷͷٽӣ治֪ƽƽԭı棬ôصµİԺͶԹ
ʮʱ򣬺öɩ˵Ҫȥˣúͼꡣ
һҺͽ߶ûϰߣ߿ˣɨɾſڵĵƣҪ㵽ĵƣ죬·ģҼһˣûеƵļڿ͵ơ
һĿڶڱֽƣһ֣˯ˡ
ҳϰѵʮڼҹԪˡһҵĳѾˣ³ʦҦίϣճ
ĸ£ȥãüĿ𣿡
ʱһ£˳Ļءڽͨ󲿷ʱǵ·ˡ
ɼǵøҷ籨ƽգҴȥϽ㡣Ŀ뱣ɷһƽˡ
סˡһҰ˱Ķͷ
ڻҪ೤ʱ䣿ǰ׼Եġ֪ڻԵõжѣ⣬ܵŵԼ
˵ҲѾֲڹˣӲˮȥͳɡ
һҰѵϨӵ˯
1974һգͬˮһ㣬޺ۼعȥˡ


90 
һ, 嶼ϲգһһεѹǮܣԵ, ĺЩ׹ںͶߵ, ըţըˮը˲˵, ʱҹ˻һ, ˴оѣǼɻͷ첻ܴӣĻô棬Ͷˡ
ҵСϣ, ŶûԼ, ˵ˣЩԣҪԶһЩȻͻϻһ, ָͷʱɲͿҩ, ƨɡ
ΪһҪ˳߾ͿʼָϰѵٹҪȥ⼸ڼ, ͰһЩ޵, òĲ, Լ칤ʵĵӽģʱԼȥ, ¾ͽԱСȥ졣
һÿ궼гʱ, ʱʱ, ϺߣѾϰˣû̫ĲǽһϰվͿʼģܴϳԵĸ˵ͿɵģʱҪˮѣǸ׼ĳʳװһӣ֣ñš
֣մŷԲԲ棬һûͣæŸһ׼ĶСҪŰ갡
ͣԼԴǹңûҲûԼôؾôˣ
СæСôӣԼԼģӺúڼҵС֣ͣ£ֻҪȥɽ֣˼ĵطͲҪôණ
һƽģҲףʵľǺ£ˣܾòŻԼһӹ˲ü£Ͼӣ飬ûôס
ҹ§Žģʱʱһ׶Է˵ˣҪôŵ¡
ҪҵţͲ𿪿ܻصľͻأòûصľ͵һؼҡһұסܾȵģӷͷҪʲô㶼ܣȫһ˵
ã֪ˡĻԼҲС˺ܶࡣ
˴ѧҵҵܣߺﶼȥһ˫۾ֻܶǰͷʱľޣȴѡԼӹСˣȶ̤ʵû˴ǰƯС
ɨäˣѡҵʦҾȥϿεĻʹһ˿ٴĺܲڼң׺˼룬ϵ
һҲͬ⣺㲻۾СҲ֪ǸвӣԸǺ¡
ʮһҹһҾͱȥˣǰҹĻ𳵣³ʦСȥվǰ³ʦҦίܳĬһʼ뽻飬ֻʣһ䣺ȼˣ˵ġ
ĴС͵˼ڣҹɫŨХƮһСѩͷ϶մһ˿ףһѵţû߻ˣ˱ͻң˻ָ
ȥ·ϣıŷĻңһѽĵͲһŰһţȥ
ػûֻزڣ־ͻļҾ˵ģİȫƺҲ𽥼ǿ
³ʦҦίںͷ˵һֻȥһ£ôСӣҪֱʮһ
Ҧϵû ôԽ˵Խ
⼸ҲҪȥᣬ˼ƱϽļԷûһҳȥˣֵ޻ӭһ¥Ŀ˼ʰɴǹסա
ĸӣټϸĺӣСԺֵýýıû취ġ
ɩӻǺɩ˵ûСôɷľɩ
죬ͣϸһҲһµ߻һ仰û
ϱǶôġɩо飬սͷ꣬ȥͷִԼ׵ĺڼңǵ£ֱƽŷġ
Ĳ˼Цҹ˾ʱȷʵҲܻĶˣʲôˣ᲻ᱣԼշת࣬ҹǳǳ˯
Ԫϣһ̨Ŀ֪ݳ裬һ
󣬻ҲЩ˫ССҰڣﳪţĽɽϹâķ...٣٣
Ԫڵգ˴ԽӣϷˣһֱԲһЩ飬˰Ǻͺ֥飬ԲţСĸȳԣָڵ֣һȥһ룬ǼҲԲ
ҹţ˵ƣҲ˯ˣԼһڿ飬ƵƵﶼͻһһҲˣߣжϣ·
죬Ŀڼɨä£һѧϰ֪ʶäݣҪдԼ֣Ҫѧ鿴ϯָʾȽԸҲԡ
ĵطеǿÿһ˶ȥɨä࣬ûУԸΪԭ
Щ±˳ЦԼʶ֣ϱȥ࣬Լѧᣬ˵ӱһЩԾѾˣһӴҲûɶãôȥϿΣеĻӦģʣµЩڹ
ʦȴղŶһǽģһȻǸŮ֪࣬г̷ơ
Ԫ裬м˵Ҫɨä࣬ԼԼдһƼģֻҪϸṩסޣƱҪҲУֵ֣һסͷ
¶ڼһۣϾʱ˱ʦģҲڼѡˣ;ðһҧ𣬾ͺѰζ
С֪ൽǸʲôͷôѡ
ɩϢͨһʹǸ鱨ġƵļ˳ѸɩӶйˣС֪ʮˣģˣû飬˵Ҫũ壬ֵأɨäһƽʱɻͺܻǸ꣡
СһǸбҵɣʣôûƾȥϹũѧأ
˵Ǹбҵģѱҵ֤øοˡ ɩҲֻǰ㣬ͼܻ˵ˡ  ũѧôƼģ˾ƼԼȥˣֵõЩص֪ࡣ
˳ɶÿ𣿡ɩʣûĻϼһиСӣҲǶʮһֱûء
֪ϣʮ֪ȫһͿøƨƵģְֲ˭˭û̷Ƴʲô
㣬ҪѧˣʱһˣҲǳͷ۵İɡɩӲ⣬ӰϿѧϰС
ô˵ࣿһΣɩҲѧѧ񫣬Ŭż֪ƿ˴ѧֽҲɡ
ԣˣص˱ϻصĶ࣬࣬ϣ˶£ʦ͵͵Ƶ¶ѧУڻû磬ϿΣֻܵյ͵ơ
һҲọ̷̈̄Ҳеģ̲סʣǰסĶܲסѧУҰɣ
⵹û˵ǲģǻᰲšûѡϵСӣأȥҺڣѡ˱׼ʲôģôԸѡ֪ҲѡɩϢͨģɶӲĶ䡣
СӣȥʹòӽڼҲˡиɩӼֵĲ˱һ˶ǷʤڴҶھͬ£ֲ˺һֱиȥ
Ǻô˵ģĶ֡
ǳ֪ԭıֽϷ£дǴ͹Ͷ¶ȥ飬ӱѼοʾҦίģҦίĵİ塣СƽȷʵǴصġѡΡȫΪǸеϧڴ֪ࡣ
ңյʱԼã˼£ôסһʶֵӡ󣬲ȻعҲֲԼ
˿ѧö˶ܵСѧȥ֣ú͵ƵģŵͲģϿεҲȥˣǸǸŵܣСѧҹȰ컹֡
ĴӺͼɩǰͷҦί˽ѧϰѧϰͷָлʦķף˽ĺ̷֪ơ
Ǵҵһμ̷ƣӸٲرϸ۾Цֶ˵ĸоú͵ƹУؼ򵥣·ˣһСһӣǵ¿˵ʣ
һӾͶ˺øУһгеŮ
̷Ƶ̬Ҳܴ󷽣˵Լ֪࣬Ҷˣû̫ϻ
ϵǣС֪౻סҦίΪиķ䣬һ̷ܸסû⡣
ϢһҶ˶۶Ҧίɥ޶ִ꣬ӣѵ᲻㣿˭Ҳûֳ
һûʽϿΣֻ쵼ʦͬѧʶͬѧһС飬һС˼ҳֽȥ⼸ҳֽǴҵĿα
ԼġαǣСߣ·Ϻͳ̷˵˻
̷ҪҦίߣ˼ҲԱߣ·
ɩӣҲգǿҲԽϿε̷˵Ҳ绯꣬ͱȽĴ꣬ǿؽ˽ɩӡ
ȻͷɩСɩǣ˵˵һȥйЩЩûĶЩϻһ˸˹ĵ֪࣬ͦġ
л˵
ǣǸҪʹ١
ںʵ̫æˣ緹ûϵ
δܣÿնֻһ£ܺһ㣬ͼ˫
ллǵֺ֧ԣ~


91 
һ뿪Ļ, ϷȥһشﵽҪȵԶĻ, ת˳, ;һˮ·, ƻһɽ·, ;׶ƺӡ˴ңʮĻ𳵣һ̲ͣĿĵء
ڻ, һûж̹Ե, ʣ࣬ĸ׼̫ˣƻس̶ࡣ
ʱĴʪ䣬ɽѩ, Բлƣɽ, ꣬ɣɽ, ׳ǡ
ɽµ·ʪ, ˲, һĿ羰һ뽭, ˴, Ѵóڷ, ϵЬѾʪˣŴҵĻӿɣ󣬴ƺ꣬˵ÿһƤУͱȫһģܲӦ
һΣһҰѶɿ˵ˡ
Ǹطȥʳɣؽؿģȥﶼǽʵġ
һҾ˵ǣϲţ˽ţͻ˫ӣڵĻҪű˵͵ˣѾʮˣֻתʱ򣬸һص籨Ҳ֪ͺӺòá
˰һ·ͷ͵ˡҺĸָ·
Ǹˣڴβˮһҵһ룺Ŷ뻨ˮ
һлůů֣ȥůθ֫ɣһο壬ϲҲȥܴӣҲ֡
һƬɳɳ֣һƬոĳũͼƬ֣͵˻һҪȥǸɿڣǸŶɿڣʯţʱͤӺʯţ·пʯдŵ·ľˣһҴҴҿһۣ͸·ȥˡ
һϣҵһƾɵʾ֣﷢˸ֵ籨ΣͻһƵſڲԣ˺üˮŰζɢ׳ͷ˶ˣڳԵķ棬ǹƻӦ
С¡ϪеʱһҵľԿʼҪӽĵʱˡ
Ӹߣ⴩ݷͷ·űһľӣ˼Ҹ˵ӦܷѾѧһЩŵСִɵ˼ҿۣͲٿˡ
ȵ¡ϪУ滷ɽһ󣬵ƮŶɴС˲಻٣ϻкܶǰľݣľͷ·סŲˡ
һ³ŵŵİˮζ·߿üʳһҺظյصһվϰݶЩ޵£һݵıֽסһСд
дǽƤأŰҡ¾ͻһܽȥȥˮ˽ţ¿ֽһһֵذѵصıֽ꣬ϸ룬ٵһ졣
¡ϪƾɵдգһҳȥϹ䣬˴죬͸¶Լ˳һģصĴһȦɽ͵صɽȥץҰֻʵʪ䣬ڲĺʱʳߣֻûȥԽĸ׼ĸ
һСǣͻȻ˸İˣǺױģһҾӵļ飬ݹأ֪Ҫʵģӵ˻ȰһˣϼϽ¶ˣ쵽ʳרʵİ칫ȥ
ǸСУ˶ʳΪ٣㲥춼ʳ¡ϪеҪԣģǴǮģǺ
һվͺͻʳ˴˻̬ЩνҲֻһҿô𳵵һȥֳҶ࿴ɶࡣ
ʳһЩˣһҵǹֳʽˣֳǹȫֳǵж󣿵ʱɲһһһߣܶСǳ»һӣܴﵽһ˷ʵά¡ϪеӺͽ˶ԻһҾر壬رգͷд
м˻һ羰续ɽϿ羰ȾƣŵѬд
һϵɽ˸ɽоƻ⡣
ʳУҲаţˣ꣺¡Ϫɽ࣬·㣬ǳٴʫ˴󽫾ģº˵ǰϽսɽ㿴ɽǼС¥ûУʱдõġ
˵䣬˵ҪЩ//ɣɲܸһף
һҾվһҲ¥Ƕǣ¡
һͲˣȻڮļ磬ɵʶƤ
վָǰͷС¥˵ֵܣǽЩƣͷĶõòˣ룬Ͻ˶ܣĻöʱʱţҪ˵˵ڳƽǳиͬ־ıͷͼ˵ͷסŸһ˼ˣϴ򱨸棡
һһȤô˵ﻹԻɣ
ʳ˲˵ˣʵҲǾģţԸ̨Щأ˵϶дûͷվһˣǹÿ컹ְأһ㲻ҷɣűˣˣ
һҿۣûȤ³⣬֦ͰѬ⵹ǺóԣȥʱҪһЩ
ǻʳҲῴɫû£˵˵ǺȾƣһҦѩûУһڣʮ꣡
һҺϼλ˼ůͷϷʱ򣬾˵У˫Ŷͷ۾ΣȥأͲԸٺȡ
ʳһܺȵĴЦļ򣺡ֵܣ㳤øߣаôܲУҲЦ˳㻹˵˼Ц
һҾͰ֣治ˡſϣֻθŻ
㷹֮Ҳ飬ɽ·иҰȪסһݣǿ壬ǣʲôƶɢˡ
ǰѻһҽ˵Ҫһȥһҡͷ治УȥһĴָľƣң
ʳǼ˾ʹЦʮ㣬ģ
ʵڶˣܵӣ˸ɽһǮ˽סһޣ˵ڶɽʱɽǮѼ˯ŵĺӽгûһסȥ
ŻһҺôԶǸ뿴ģ˵ҪһҰˣƺм뿴Ҷˣǲǣ
һȺ˾ļ磬žãЦżɽȥСȪӣ͸ȵˮŽаʣŽаݣ
һҰ˸ߣɽճǸ©һխĴѾ˨ãۣܿľƺˡ
Ǽ˵ɴͷʲôãôȣ
ҹͷɽɳɳ죬һС꣬ɽظŨ
һȻ㣬ǸСľݣԼ˵ľͷζҩۣסζʱ·źۼߣɽС¥ȥߵˣŲ·Ͼûзľ죬С¥ˣмӰͷζС¥һȴŻƵú͵ƣŰĹâ
¡ϪɽҹʪȰأѩ͵С¥ͷ¿𣬱Թ¸ûûˣǹòãҪƻˡ
иӳģ߹˵䣬ǿʱСĵ㣬ҹﲻܷɣҲ־ѡ
߿˻һ䣬˭Ű
һҴŰɫ·һïʢĴ£ţСԼӰӰصһ𣬹ãЩ飬մʪѩˮϱӲ
ҹĸ죬Ҫʱſ//ӣһҲŻվܿ죬ͬһֻڱ˹ȥֱȡС¥ſڣѸٰԼһͷ
Щ˽ϺﴫһԶҹɽһ̣һһ̣˻˲ټƤһͣ£ҹع
С¥ͷסλߣʹҹﾭ˯ţʱ˻˵˵ʱʲô˵һһվţһҹһҹһ綹ֱǿ˲Ϩƣ¥ſڿܵ˶ϰˡ
ʱȴһϵ˵䣬ȥƿˮ˯Űɣˡ
ͷԼȥˮߴţ֨ѽһ˸˭֣ˮݸȥװһˮҪ̵ġ
˿ǹСܹ񣬽ӹˮȥˡ
ʣ˻ԭվţ˿棬˶ͷ˿ߣֻվ⣬££ϵľ£૵˰
˵꣬뵽ʲô߹ȥǼС˵ͷ꣬Ҹطɽʪзʪʱʹ·߲ˡ
Ǽǿߣû׺ݺͲ͵ı飬еһֲ٣߹ģǶЦЦ˵Լᣬܵ겻£˼ҿȥˣҪҪ
ҡͷС¥ȥˣӹǺˮһΡ֨ѽϡ
С¥յú͵ƴյףûеˣƹøӰ
һҾͳߺͷ˵һ򣬴ſڵĲſźͷҷ
ˮʱˮϣ˳ֲ˵ƣоһ£ְܿȥһûһҿɣ࣬Ũüͦǽգ㣬üŭĿʹѴȴһͷϵϱӣ˲볼һǹѪֱѣ̲סһ׳


92 
һʮʱ, Ķȥˣ沼˻ҳڼ, Ҿʳ, ŶӳԴ
ˮ, ˶չݱ, Ǽ꣬ϵ̫·Զ£ÿһ̫µˡ
㲥˵˻˶ͣЪ, Żȴȥ, ÿճ£ͷվһ˾ܲסˮҲɺˡ
ʼȵò, ûˮҲûˮ, ûطɺͷҰ˳, һ, ˾ͻ, ˷̧ؼң, , ڸˡ
ʳ, ʳõĴԲˣҾͿʼܣ磬ϱķߣͶѣ·֣С
ΧˣҵҲżС뿪ˮأǰǵðѼӰϣһȺߵ뿪ҡ
˵Ϸĺˮʳ뵽ϵĵطȥֿڷԣߵʱ򣬰ѼĹ۶ɱӴϣҲƴСû߳ˮؾͳˡ
һʱ·ûУŵľ֪Ǵ·ĸϰģ˼󶴣¶Ӻͺ󱳣ֻʣһͷؿ߹ǸŸ룬ڴ˺ʹͷ
ߵ·ϣʧɢѰˣ·Ҳûʣµ˼ߡ
Լʹʧɢ˯Ǳϣסϵͻһ㶯Ͼֻۣܾӡ
ǽȥʱ˸ԵģʱǺˮɽˮˮعͻȴʹó档
һ£Ҳ֪ĸؽ磬طϣǴҾͻһߣд󵨵ľȥǻ𳵣Сõȡ
ǰͷˣһӣˮ棬ˮļӶ԰һƬɫĵûнӣǰͷ˺ӾгԵˣ
һȺ·ߵʮƣˣԵġ֣ʱˣһȫϵżȥˣϲǿڳԵġ
ֻһʧ޵ĴţһȺ˼ζʮûվûץסƵĵ˲ͱˮûһʱǰͷ˸ǰܣмļǰͷˣͷƣƼø˱ſϣûŻε˻ɢ
ҵǳмһˣǰ󱻼лɺͻʹЩǺͷһҲܣ̫࣬ͼӱһѣˤڵأʱ͸ϲϼˣϵţǿǵıӰǺףپ׶ˡ
ʱһңͽлû֣ò׹ţûеˮȥͷһϤ˲ˣһ˶ɢȥĵȫˡ
Ժ󣬻һҾͿʼ˵ûߣǵԭأ˵ĵ˵ʹɢԭصǻ
ʮĻĵʹ
ǵһС˲࣬е磬ظѣֵصֻ쵽ˮһǿܳһٷûˮƼݣҲȼЩӻġ
ͲĻԭһؽ֡
Ӵ̫ʢʱ˯ڽͷﱧ룬ʱһԭʶ˼߲ʶֶ˼һȺӺͷֳԵģϳǽ˯һһ
ʱһȺӼһ飬ɪɪС˼ң룬ôˣʹô
꣬һһǳ˵㣬ڽͷȥվӸߣˣһǮԺһһͷųԡ
£϶ڷˣеĻ̫ûװã˺öѪʹͷʱ򣬶͵͵ޣʹ㡣
ö˶ɲȥ̫С̫أֳԲȥַ
һҾʱʶϸ
ϸǸͷӣҲǴӱĵطӻģȻһһ꣬·ϣС˸һ뷹ˡ
ϸҵ⼸׳һк˵бҲȥԣ⼸ѱ׬Ǯʡͷ͵ˡ
һұСȵϸ˵ܳԱֻҪϳȥ̣ͲöӣĶˣÿǮʡŽţŶӣպһȥ
ʲôˣ
˵ӷˣӻġųˮŨصĿ
ǽʱ򣬻һƺԱ˵м̫СˣҪ
ĲҪ˻ѣ˵Լʮ룬ʮˣЩ˿ۣǸߣһʱ˳Բݣ֣ûдë֪ͨ
ϸ𣬻ˣһˣŰ
˼죬Ͽ֣ϸҲͷи
ѡϣûѡϣѡϵĻϲϲϴ󿨳ȥû¼ϵǶȥ֣ȥ
һҺϸֵһ󿨳ȥģһ±ӣҪѵһ˽ӪĹء
һȥϣȥģҹϺıҽѣеĳһսѡ
ϣ𳵺ȥĵطûţ¿ֻʣˣҿɹȣɽԽӣ˯˱߾ղ紵ɹĸԸҡ
һڲӳ˷ûðҹˮǹعţһһѣ˼ֵܡ
ѵʱٶȶͻͰļ˵˳Ӵѵ꣬ӲϳϹҲۣͱŵһµİѵ
׳ʱֵ׳꣬׳ҽϽ˼Ȼ𾴵ģ±ܼõһӦڴͨ˵ü졣
׳һֱעǸѵС࣬æ֮УʱҪѵɹֻһǲ֪ˡ
ôʮ£ҵѵЧߣ׳ųһʮˣ˵ĵһǣСǺģģ
սԡǹֵĴ󽫾պսųϴţһǷѪŭ
һѪСӱôӢµĴ󽫾ʺһ䣬Ķ׷վ϶ĸԸʹ飬Ӧã
׳ʮַæûϻһۣӥۻһܣˣټӴѵעװѵ⼸Уһǻһҡ
׳ļˣһСѵ࣬˭ҲûҪʲôÿյѵϾˣһˣ˯ζһ׳ĻһЩ
һգ׳ķ׳˳ಲѵ䡣ѵʻϳԲԵñѵ۲ۣ벻
˵ʻ棬˸ܵķģҶϲߵ˵
û뵽׳ķ˾Ȼģķ˻װӢˬü۶ǲĽüոʤж
һԼ˵ĳ֣Ǽ򵥵ľѵģѸ٣õĹעǵõ˷˵ۡ
˶飬ȥܶطѧʶؽڼӣһΪϺɷķǻһŮˡ
֣ҡͷ಻š˸֣ǰи󽫾лȥ˵һ֮дδ̣Ҳջ˵һǧǰǱҡ˱ɫұͽһңöɾ͸õһҳϵľ
Ӵ˻һңű˻һҡ
Ȼ׳ȺսӲһ˿һ˲ѪͲһľˣɱҪ䣡Ҫ
³иҦ϶Ⱥ뿪׳˶ʱһѾ˼սѪʹѸٳɳΪһӢµˣһСͽ̬ܵվ׳ͷ˵ߣõǵΡ
ǽСߵʶ֣ѵҲҪ飬ܵˣ϶īˮġ
׳ǻһݵˣܴܶ飬ʶģ˵Ļˡټա͡ǧġϧ֮ȫҪɢǸ鱻ܵߣͶ˺ֵ飬ȫΪ׳ȥˡ
ϲĿ̤̿ʵһԭ׳ʧȥһӣǵĳӣһҺǸмƣǿǹվڲЦʱģ˳
Ƕӽгҵɼ˶ԶҵʮʱѲ߱߾;УʱϽͨжϣҩƷͲûпأûȹʱʹ࣬ػı߾ϡ
......
һڴⶰС¥ﴩ׳͵ƳϨˣǽûӰӣŻ£ŷŵķ򣬿˸ͷ̿ƣ˵ʦһˡ


93 
һҵһ, ÷˶ʱᣬѾкóʱûˣοųɳĺ, ⼸, ۾ԽԽ, вס, ֻܼһģĺӰſڡ
СſǸߴĺӰ֣ʦ￴㡣
׳վȲĴǰͷվڵˣҲ˿ǰľͷĴ, ûк˵
һߵǰ, ʵںڣ˿٣ֻһֻͷ, һֱѩˮ֣, ˡ
ʦ...һҵĺЩʣס˸ݸɱ˫֣ʦ, ˡ
, ˵, мĻᡣ㿴᲻𣿡˻, Աϣ, 󻳿
˵, мˣǸСˣǰҪǽµġ
ӣһлһлңҦίȡ֡һλ飬ˣȥֽˣһܺõİˡһҲó߶߶飬͸㱨һԷ˵Լнģϲġ
ںڰаοЦСְˣǺ𣿡ĳҵڣҲǼӵĸˣһи
ãܵƤܰһ⣬֡һ֪ڣͲӣʵ˲٣ǵƬҴϡʦ׳
һҴ¶ͳһӲֽƬǽĴȥĵģһֱţϲӣżһҲá
ãš˺ܻϲûŮأӹƬѹͷ£ٿ
ֻͨҪϨ˵ƣͷվܼһȦͻһЩϢ׳صֻʣȥ˶ȡůųصĽŲԱߵϣһҰ֣ɣˡ
һǰԼǸӣǸʮ꣬󽫾ԻһݣԻẦߵꡣ
Ϣ׳Ķ棬ֱͦˣ͵һ һʺ򣺡á
Ҷˣ׳Щɳƣ˵˻ƣһ·ԿͷûУûжӣ
潫ûҶãûжӡһżҲѹش𣬽¡
ӲģӲҪ׳ܸп⼸꣬ϵ˲٣ԹΪҲ࣬Ǵշתֵ˴Ѿڴ˿ˣûлصĴӪϣģֻߵ޺ӣǰСһҡ
Һ³ʦ硢ҦίܼǹͷˡǰڣͷҲһˡһҰǵĴ˵ˡ
׳֣ҲáԼؿЩʹʱµˣˣҺͷ˲Դֻǲ̫ܳԶǴ£ɽˮãˡҴȥС
Ըһ˵ţվˡ
³иǽ͸ıһĲᡣ׳Ļܼ̣Ҧ...
׳̾ҦֶŮǼ´ˣˣµģĹͰ⼸꣬Ҳ֪ûбһЩǸܷǷ񻹺ʱһֱݲɳӣ˵ɽڲסϾȥ
һѻһ飺סˡ
㣬һҡ׳ļ磬»زҪˣѾɷ׵ˣͲգҪ˼Ұӣʱʱǵйǡ
ؾǰǻټʱ򡣡׳ֹۣһʱ̬ȣֻҪ˻ţĻᣬԶԶûеʱ򡣡
һȼµϣ׳ʼķããеָƣһš
СӺġ׳仰ֻ룬ٲǵΰڸƽˡ
ĩˣ׳һ䣺£ڰ𣿶𣿡λеģ˫۱ϣô
һûһ˵ֻ˸֣Ǳ³ʦҦίߵһ˫۾ʱ̹עǵоһ춯¼ڰ׳ָ˵㱨
׳ںڰбָۣһӷ֣ûҵķԸжϡ
ǣһӦ¡
һңʦһ¡˵껰ѻһ˫ȥڣҲڴʮ·ȥð͵Ѿûˣҵ
ڱȻһСŶʮ꣬˿ʮһţһֱ͸ĸһ𣬵˴ͱ͸һɽָïĵطȥĿѵأԵģÿĸһΡ
һӦ£һ쵽
˵ˣͻȥɣ󶼲׳࣬ʵҪ˷νϣӳš
һվ񣺡ǣ
ӽʱɽеСѾͣˣͷ˼ǷС
ۼһҳһ׳ͷ˥ϵĹ֣ȫ׵ͷѰɣȫ緢ģͷס׳ˣء
ȥɣһ·Сġ׳ͷ˴ϣڻɵɫдţ˵ûһ˳ȥ
һǸӳճһ˲İ裬ýģ˴ûڣҲûκμĶˣ¥¥һȦĿϴ±ӣʼû⣬ͻȻһ£Ƿ䣬ŵһ˿עľζ
󲽿ȥλ߶ϣȴһƿӣװЩҩһ˵ϻɽһϴǶҩƺãҹ˯ţȥһƿ
ӳɵؿһǸҩƿӣװţζѵˣٿλѾһҪɽȥȽţ뿪ԼߣҲֻú˸ȥŵζ·Ժ
ʱĻһѾصɽŵӣߵʱһû˶Ѿ緹ˣľͷĳд˲ע⣬򿪷ţתŹǷװǴճݺ˸ط򣬵ȻʳǼ
ɽ˺ãһϸ緹ûҪǮ
ʱʳ˲ɽһװӣͷʹ첻ٺȣ컹øϻ𳵣
ʳɴѵͶˣαһȥʳأ¡Ϫʳʲô㲻ǵģɻһҾǲֵܣҲİ尡ֳ
İɣдĲҴţҪˣҾ籨Ǯٰѻɰɣ
ʳ˼ײЩйֲҰ˵˵ֻֻ÷дŽ
һҿЩˣӺųʮھ뿪¡ϪУûһСƴôһƫĵطҪȥ
ϻؼڣǰǷֱʱʱʮ꣬ǺöõͣԸͳ඼ˣ沿ͣԼӶûүƢǸǴ糤̣ʮ곤СӣɤӿʼСǼˣҪǴȥ档
ֻһ´صĶɿڣһҸǮ´ʻ˵Ŀأͨ˼ͬѼ˰죬һҲȫȷĵǽС俪ǡ
Сҵһ˵ͨĵˣĵط˵üկӶУȥʡ
һҺͷֻ˵俪ȷطկȥʣûгڵϢߵһͣ¸ɽֿڵʱ򣬲ʵигеꡣ
˿أһʮַˡ
˵геǸʮˣǰˣˣþûϹˡ
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һˣһüôסһ
·ʪҶߣǻһ־߶Ⱦѵ˶ߵúܷѾո˵Ļǰߣת˰һССéݣſиˮףи¶̨꣬ʪˡ
һƿǸéݵţͷ̳ɵĴϣһסɤӵĴǰһ˯ŵĳڡ
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һҼֱϲǰˣͷǸݰסֵ꣬ôͳˣ
ڣһҰʪĵһ˰뱧ô죬ôıӣȴȵ֣ͨˣյûӲһˡ
ڣѣһȥڣ
תѣһ˵ǹɷ·Ҫӷ﷢ĹҲֹ֮ͣתת۾ˣãϳǿһЦһҸ磬ˡ
һ۾ʪˣ⻹ǸǣҪȥС
ţһҸȥһҰѳڷ£ִӰһóǵϣԼͷȥҸæ̧ȥ
طסúܷɢ˺þòſһӣͷûˣȥɻˡ
һ˿·żһŶңųͷµˣڱһ磬磡æ
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ô죿һҾӿŲɫǰߡ
˲һҵĿԭٶǰߣȴʼûгֹһһ߽֣֮ưͷϵĶ£˻ͷͨ٣ۣŻһҡ
һұסϵıնղסϸǸѾ߰ĸ
ݳ㲲Щ仯Ѽϵĳͷ£ŻһҳһѿЦ߰ûˡ
ϸ...㲻...㲻Ѿ...һϵĶҵϣţǴȥĸ
ĸֻǸƽСûлһɫٶȺ˵ϣܿ±С
ϱ߾иСƵƵÿζСģĽ𣬸Ҳ˳ȥƽңȥ޻أǸСڽսĵؽʮŵ//ף̤У///ըɺüˣһǸ
ⳡƴʬûҵֻø˸¹ڣһҲʮ꣬޵һʧȥսѣǺһ𵱱ѡ
ûҿǸ¹ڣˡƽȫûǸӵϢ˵ʳǧĬأһֱųڣ߰ǰʼ͸ţĶҾĶ׳ͷ˵ķԸ
һҲ﹡ϣҪβҽ£ʱʱϸ𣺡磬ڴˣ
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һȻôûЩ֪סһ𣿡
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һ˫˫ŷ䣬֪Լôϸָ·ģֻе֪ҪɣٻϸҪһС
կӲԶһСʱ͵ˣסýЩϣһֱڣ˶ؼˣ˰࣬ţһиӰŽȥҵǸĹţ˿óƿأšһֻȷʵϡȱǮϣӴҹɽ·俪ȥˡ
ϸԭҪţҹҹ͵͵ڳڵſڣ˰ѳŪѣιԵ㷹ιһҩʣţϸԼˣ϶ҵģϣҲɽڡ
յЩԺְ裬ͷϷһë䣬ܿͶȥһҰë˼ˣоĺСˣƺҲЩͺϸȥ˵
ۻһôʣʲô⣬ϸ޿ɷ档
һңǸӢۣҲǸˡϸֻеһ仰ģҪɲöࡣ
ǵĳԺܼ򵥣Ϊ˳һڷڳϷˣҪ̽ĵסϸҸ档
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һǸҹ·뿪ģѴڣгԵĶֻԼһɱ˵öԣڵĳھʱַǡ
֮ǰһϸ𣺡磬ǻټ𣿡
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Ļ𳵵ǲԶ·̣˻𳵣ͺŹյĲ̴ͷڳվ֣϶Ǿñطϲá
һڻϼղ˵Цλսѣɢһ˴ӵһ
ڲԷɩԸˬ飬ơȷʵһ˷ʹźӻ˸ֵңѵطó˵
һòŹϣ˵ȥ˴׳ͷˡһºߣֲ˵ࡣ
̴ͷͲ˾ƣɫ죬⻰סһңȥˣ
һңȻ׳ױĴָҲ͵ȥ治򵥣ô궼û
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̴ͷ˫˺ڻڻָɫֻСûжȣͻһ˵һңڲžãƽӶãҲȥҹµʱˡ
ǰĹʱӰʱ˻ؼ꣬ϱ˵ͣʹźˣ˵ڣϱ춼ܼɷؼң˵ðҹҸÿ޳
Ҳ˵źȿͷ󡣡
ɱսƽ̴ͷ̲סС뱭
һҶѾƸȥ˶ڰԭҪһȷҸδȴʼռǹŵ׳ʱٹʹУʱڻ˯ţ𳵺¡ѣΪԼϵǸСǣҪԸĵˣǲˣ
̴ͷ˵ܹϼҼȣΪϲ̼ҿ֦ɢҶüֵûмįʱ̣
ǻ˵ԭ˵սѣС£Сȵȡ
̴ͷ˵ǲǣܵóϷһ±ӣǻֵܣһúӣ
һҺͲĬЩ˻Ҳܹڵĺˣϧȴˣ޷ƣе磬еȫʬе...ҡ
һʼսϸ𻰣ûҰŵ˵Ҳ֪ʲôȥ˵Ѿֻ֪֪ģֻͬϸ˵ģ޸׳ͷˣҲ֪Ĺ
˲̴ͷͲһ˻رĻƱ봨ֵͻȻ̮һ룬ʮּкͻ̻Уʧջ̵̻ľֿ֣ʼ֪ʲôȷģҲ֪ʲôǲȷġ
˵ͬˮۣˡһֻСǷֻһֱƮˮϣȴһҴĳ֣
׳ĵָķ򣬿ɴҪܵҪһêһסĵ㣬͸ֳЦӯӯеСԲӾ۾
Сңê㡣
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ʾҪÿءǾҪ


94 
һҳ, Ĵڼҵ
һµʱɨä˰˽ڿΣСͺһλ, ϸС˱ʾ޿, ǸˮгԱ쵽һķֺ, ϼƾٿ, ѹֺÿη籨ںͷдϡࡱ֡
ĵȻģ߻ֻ׬ʵǮҪŰԼٵ
һУһ⧲ֺҪ£ҷˡ
һ˴, ͨ, ۾ͨ죬ͷɿݷƣݣڶջҪ, ǰѩźȥɨäϿΡ
ҷ, ΪͷһͷݳˣͰߵһ, ڿ, ͷһ, ѩ̣ձ, ˭յþ, æſɨäĿ, ûע⵽Լ·
ϣе飬ĻΪֻ䣬̻ߩ飬ûж⡣
˵ҹͻȻʷȣҹڴϿޣ촽ЩϣĻûӷյƾһ㳣ʶһƾֽźؿڶͿһ㣬Ϳ࣬ƾӷнͣʪӵͷϣͨûôܣջӡ
ֻǸĺӣ岻ʣͱñƽճˣޣ޴ĿѻҲˣ۾ıŻڷȥò֪Ǻã裬ͲҶ
´Ⱦȥһ¥ԼĿ˯ȥϣĿȲϷſ
µܷܵմ㣬ʱ˶ˣ͹˲ˡż꣬
ŴӦǲܰŹϡҪһ۾ܿ͵ܵܡ
زأԼǺñӣܸðˡ֪𣿡İ˱ȥ̺ӣֻͷȥڿ޵Ļңѻһһǧ飬ôȻҲָܷ˳ȥҽӿ޵ܣҲùŻ˳
ڴϣŽ˯ŵġ
ҹһʼһʹҶҿޣŵðڴϣĵط˻ˣȲˣҲˣͻ˯ţ˫ۺϲϣ¶һ۰ס
ȴ˯Լһ˯ȥ¶ȥɴȥˮ䣬һӻţ԰Դ¶Ƚʱʱֽţûм£Ҳûա
ڶһ磬컹ûĿڴͷһ֣ӼˣҵԴգûȣ¥ȥ֣ӡ
ӣҷˣһҹҽԺܿ𣿡ҽԺһҽ˿ԣɺӴ￴ҪȥϣǾ͵ÿˡ
֣ŽŲȥͽǼҶ¥䣬̽̽ҵĶͷľͰ˵ˣ޾ϸգοޣγ
֣ӿ۾죬ƤɵĽģǾʣҪȥϣˮй飬ȻֻܹҩҩҼУԭù̫ˣӺȲȥǿ࣬ӿ࣬˿Ҳࡣ
Ͼͻ·һתͷӶûվſڿ۽ǻʺͷģ裬ҲҪȥ
֣ڼңҴܵȥһ겡ͻؼңԹԵġĿΧΧһ۴ɫĻңȥ㣬ȥҲҪСʱ˭֪·ϻ᲻ټգʪҲϣװˮæҡ
裬ҲҪȥϣҪȥý뷢
ɩߺƺҹˣһҲˣЩŻǴȥȥڼңСԡ
ҲҪ棡Ҫ裡ĲϿᣬڷſڣͻҳȥ
һޣҾˣ󣬰ѼھӶ˹¥ͷСô¡
һҹû˯ƣ࣬۾ɬҪˣԻ̬ȾͿƲãҺͻͻˣڼҴһôˣ
زˣӲǿޣ޵ԴۣɩӱסСɲС˦ɩӵ˫֣ŽžҪŽ¥ѱŻҵĽò᣺ȥȥȥһȥȥЬӣҺ͵ܵ¥µ㣡
һϾܣЬӴˣҲûͷܣһ·һ·裬½ƭȥ
ҲޣҪϷ֣вĳ죬ڵգɩӼæңˮ˵緹ϴ̽ȥҵĶͷ˵ܿ࣬ÿȥҽӿɲգö˾չͷɵˡ
ЩлŪýĸĸˣץԼĻҷ£ֶ£ѻɣЬӴֿſظӣһϻңˮ֣Ӱš
֣ȽǽڴǼҶ¥ȴȥȥҸ㿴ţ
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ġһҵͷȵģôǲأŪʪһӣͷϡ
մˮӣ϶ȥҪӶֻ÷ֳֹҶűߣ粽롣
ɩӳʱҲ˸ǣŻһȥ˷
һ·ҺɩӰæŻĲȫȫڻϣʵҲǸûзֿңͳҽһˣһˣһӡ
˻ӣֵŻҽȥҿҽؿ´룬Ҫؼңҽﶼû취ɩֻס˫˫ţҽǿꡣ
˽ĵҽ˵Сһ׸ðգȸһ룬û¾һ£Ҫ˾ˮ¶ȼƣ͸һҩӿ޾ɷĩҲùȥܷա
֪ˣллҽҵһ㷽
ʱַ˺ôסȻǶȥʿü붼֡
ò룬ҲˣκҪıţıȥغţ˯ţɩӰһ·ȥӸȣ
һֱһԱ죬˵ֲҿޣҲ֪ڿ϶û˼һֱߣСβһ
Ӫǰʱһ˯ɩӰ˻תһ֣Ե㶫
ĵ棬¾ͳˣԵҲԵ̣˵䣬žžવ£ҴޣССسҭ⿴Žġ
סķңŻһңŻһң»ٳǵøȥ
˺ˣˣĸС޵ˣĸᣬ˱һιСǼǲĽų죬Ķ䣬ףģߺߣߡ
˽ĺΪЦùİӣҲŲСޣСܵܰޣܵܲǡ
ͷܵˣ⼸죬һòã
šСڳŰӣԼڽĻȥһŵĵܵܣ޹
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˺ôһȥͷԼЩţóˮ¶ȼƣҵҸ£Ҷһ£˯˹ȥһóˡ
Сĵ㣬˼塣
ǲ֪ôлɩӽİæɩӷ˵ĸɩôģԺҲôģҶھӣϡ
ΪҴ룬˾ܺˣ˰ҹֿʼգۣһİҽķԸƬɫҩƬ飬ڵװ˵ˮҹȥȻǲϣǿһ룬һȫ˳ϳԵİ඼һأѽڵðҹܵȥ˯
Ҳ˯Ϊҵ¶ȥˣû֪һֻӣûˣŽšӡ
ھӶʺôˣĲģǾȥһϣûҪȥڵȴ°˳糵
ʱɨäĿΣӮ˵أϿǳȤζԣ֯Ϸ֣ھǶ³ɼʼϲپ˽ݡ
иɩӻ˵ýȹŻңѻȥס죬Ȼٻ
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Ҳߣ۰Ͱ͵ؿŽģ͵ȥ
˵ллɩˣҲϰߡһֱҴͺá
һ˴ȥϣҽûʿٴһ룺ٴˣ컹վͳƬҩҸ࿪٣һġ
ذ˴˻ȥ
Һҽ˵ĲȻڵգ˰Ƭҩһֱ㣬ʳܻ飬ͷ¶ȴҹһʣ°ƬȥһСʱҲˡ
ˣļѾͨҲû˯ſڴؾ˯ˡ
գһһؼҵĵ籨Ҳ͵ϣ籨˵ᵽҡ


95 
𳵴ӽһ·, ûϴûκӵĻһ̤𳵣һ³Ϳ˽Ĵվ̨ϵ, Ա߻ʦ˾С, ڻѩĴ, Щ
ͻȥ, һ˱סһȣְְְ֣ˣ
һϻſ֣ӱúһһ
ķĵ¶һЦڻ, Ⱥþ, ǰȥһСˡ
ţˡһҰѰҲ§һ£иȥݣɫ̫, ôˣ
ҿϵ˵, ͷԣûô䣬һ², 񳤸˵㡣
С, ЦŰһ, 첽ߣӪʦֱӰӻӪȥ, Ҧίڰ칫ҵ
⻰һ, һҵɫЩ, Ŀˣ⡱һ£ô
˳İѻðţͰóһҳԣȳԵ㶫ӡ
Ҳ֪㱨Ҫ೤ʱ䣬¸ϲһˡ
һСѽĺӣͻؼԼ³Ӫȥ⼸Ҳ룬Ҫλ㱨һˡ
ˣ˲Ͳεı仯˵ǰЩһˣЩɣأܵһֵʵУ䣬ܿƣֵûǺԭһɽܸܵµʶ
һߵúû°ʱ䣬Ӫص·ֻվڵڱûˣԶԶѵĺ׳䣬Ϣһͣһ˿ãȻ
һߣĥ䣬Ҳܻᵽ³ʦİ칫ңҦίҲͷŶЩţ˶˸̣˺ĻһҽûˣͷþԱȥţŴϣ˭ܴš
һңΣҦί³ʦҪż
׳ͷˡһҾʲôʹʲô...˵
أ˵ѽҦίû³ʦڣôʯͷƵģһŶһأ
³ʦæƽҦ侲㣬һҸ»𳵾ˣҶûأѸ𣿡
һҲû⣬׳Ҧίĳ󲮣ˣǿģǾԼڴ˵ˣ...׳ͷˣͱϾˣǰ廹Ӳʣҿ׳ֻǶЩûд󰭣˼άһȻҲôͷֱźţͿС¥
סأܿ𣿡³ʦʡ
˲뿪ɽҪͷסûͷˣص˶ǻءûгԴͷһҰԼĻش
³ʦҦίŷģһЩϸڣǴμҲܶݣĻһҲ˵
˵ҲҪȥô˵Ҧȥһ˴
һҿҦίīڵί׳ͷ˲ʦȥֻҸǴ˻
³ʦֵ˸̣üڱϣУ֪ʲô
Ҧί˵ʲô
׳ί˵ɽڲסϾȥһһһ۵תЩתͷ³ʦ˵׳ʦһԼıһ𣬲
ҦϷӦܴվĵӶҪ󵹣һǽڣӰɪҲû˵ɽڲסڲס˭ҦֻǸˣʹ࣬Ļʧˮ
³ʦ̳úף֪
Լıһ𣬾ҪҪӪѣҲвʼղȫ˵нģֹ⼸ĲҲһ𣿰ˣõĻģѾزˣѾҪʮˣܵȥҲ̫ˣĪĺ
Ҧίƺ᣺ֻһ䣬ûĻˣ
һҡͷƺЩľګ˫۴£۱ǹġ
أҦίʣںһ𣿡
һ̧۾ҦίһеӣίҪˣǵطʺȥǰ취ҪȥеҽԺβ
Ҧϸ˵һҾͰѳ˵ˣ׳ͷڵΪУ˳ҲԼȥ͵ҩҲˣһȴڷֲǹǵѣǰҲֱأҲ֪Լʲôָʲô
ȻҺСһһҲҪΪԼİ˺ͺȡһЩεĶ飬պĹգһҲ˽ġ
ҦԴһŴӺͷһ仰취
³ʦҲڰϨˣð͸ŷ籨ʱ򣬺ڴһ󣬻ʶˡҪԼĶӣɽŴӲظĵ籨ҲֻаɩӺϵŻˡ
˵Ͼͽˣ˸ţ
³иδز֪׳ѻһҷߵ⣬տʼų⣬һȷʵǸľˣ;˺ã˳֣һҲ޷
Ҧϻ֪ںԼİеֱһЩ˰Ϸ
׳ͷ˵˼ǣǱʵⱩ¶Լһһмϵģְ׳ĻȫһȥҦί
ǵȣӺڰʱ̣
׳ڵȣҲҪǵȣԼͷ˵ףǻͬ·ˡ
һңˣȻȥϴ裬˺ӣٻ³ʦؼȥô·϶ζ·Ṹˡ
Ҧһ·Ҳڴ󱯷гһңȻȥɡ
Ȼһҳţ³иҦ϶˶һۣ¶һЦ
һǽͷԽ̳ġ³иףҦʼղվһߡܻɻһʲôû׳Ƿһš
ҦȻҲףһɬ⣬Ϊʲô֮ҲûȫΣΪֻǸŮ׳ֶŮ˼ֵܣҲΪ׳һ޹صӡ
³ûа취ֻܵȡҦȰ³и͹ȥε̸һݷ
³ҦˣʱʶʱҶڲͬϵͳֻ֪ԼˣԷ·ϼҲкȴ࣬ͬŰˣȵȫʶһ˶
һһ䣬ͬһһѪͬһ£ºҲϧ˾ƣ˵׳ģеĳĬ̽ڲС
Ҧϵİ׷Ŵż˿˪ʮ㲣̾Ϣһ䣬˵ҪųڣǸˣСʱǶ׳ͷ˱¡ȻЩǰǳԵĿѪʲôأ
³иҲҲ׳İŲҲͻһϼңðȥ籨һЩҽԺϵͳսѣд硣
³лҦվϵñӣͷĿң޵õܣһýȻҪл³иġ
³и°ûֱͣСһȥϵĻվ
֪Ʋϰ࣬ûڼ˵껪ˮͣǲֵĺʱ򣬹ҪŬֳʳ
ɷ֪ôˣôؼҡ¥ȴóϼҵװ·ȥѹκùʮƱ˵Ҫʱϼ졣
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³иȻܸ֪ƽڵ£æͺҵͷԣҪ졣
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ʲô£岻ҪҺһȥ𣿡ʡ
³иĸȻ³ҵĶϱҲĺӣ³и֪ƾٺٲҲҧ󣬺֪Ϊ³и֤ϱҲТТ
ǹУȴŬԼϲãǸŲˣ֪Ʒǵ÷żףɣ
Ϲĸ³иĵءİˣ˭˵һ䲻ã˺֪ƵʻϾͲˣô˯ͬһŴôʲôӣüͷѵ˵õúܣȥúôţ
⻹Դ³ͼزۺ³иһ ˵ۺ֪ƣ㳳ܣػ˵Ҳ浽ĵ߲ôķӦĵ߾
֪ҭסίΪʲôǰ￴أҲΪŮϴ׶ķʮһֱĵطӲԹ³ͼĳɳˣֻǶеѣѵһ㲻
ֻȻ飬ȴʽ˼ڣΪɷ죬Χ³иתѾϰߣ³иѵҲίڴ߲죬Ҷ졣
³иȴûѶʰã¥ѾԱйСѳͣҪһ𳵡Ҳ׼һ£һߣȥʡͷš
ǣԱСܳȥ֪ͨС
֪¥ÿ¥˵Žż⣬Ļͷȥ³иûκļǾͲǹ£ѵǸκͺĺʲô۶ӳҪ³ȥ
ǰôãжŮ֧˵Ͼְˣ˵꣬ɷĸȻȥˣ
֪ת³и﷢ɢǰһЩϸ֦ĩڵ鷭׽ְ³ϼȫһ飬³и¥½깤һºܿ˯ˣ˿Ӱ졣
л˵
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96 
һҴӪس, ﶼûȥֱߣǻҵʱ, Ҫʱ, Ҫһ˵ĵ㲦, Ƿܲҷ, õһȷķ
ڼ·һˮٸϴͷͷ, Ҫκӡ
װʳǸͷ, װһЩزóѬӲ׸⣬һϲĸɽ̲裬һС, ЩСĳʳһЩܱߵھӣл¸İ
һµ, ýĺ̶ܴȵ˼壬ˣܱ˵İæ, ҵƺһЩ, Ǻ֣, лλɩӡ
ҷյʱ֣쵽Ұſ
һҲڼ, λɩӼûʣ, ȹһЩ, ˳ոˮɨأļͻؼȥ
˵ʲô£ϸ⣬ýķ֪ͷƵİĳദʵرǣɨäĿϣ֮ǰģù´Ҫѧ֣ҿԣʶֵ˼
ϸǻᱻ˿ģЩʶ˳Цļ˵СĽ˶ֺҲǿԱģҺڱ˼ҳֽα뵽ҹɨäУһʱ䣬ɨä౨ǣҺܻ涼ʺ˵ֿڵ˶ࡣ
ɨäͷãҦίͺ˵ģµ׸λʦƱʮˬ죬š
ڳ˽ĵС֣ھͳԵģæ仰С죬ģһΣһЦͻ˱Ľ̵òͷáүүټؽУÿɰϲ
һҵſڣһ¾õģĴףڵϸϴ·ڿ֣żͣ죬ճĲ˵أѩˮһʪģһ˵ðָͷС磬һ˲䣬һҵľ;ļңҪͽġ
ͷͷ£ܴؼ
̧ͷһվſڲͷõЦҲؼҵ·ˣ
һϹţѶŵĽıúСԲһ£ôҲ·ֻҪڣҵؼҵ·㷢ĵ籨յ𣿡
յˡҲ糾͵ˣãյţ¥ϳء
ʵԱʹʲô˼˭籨ͷ123ɽԼ֪߱ˣ͸߻ң˵ǰְͷҲż
һȥˮϴ裬ͷţϴͰŸоԼϴɾ˺ӣϸɾѣ˶ˬ·ȥ棬˺һţ⽽ͷһÿӳ棬ֻǣ뿪ԼԱߡ
ҲչԼдĴָһҿһҷ¿ӣӰͳһľͷʮФǣӿŵءۡ䣬ллְ֣Ͼ͵ԱߵĴȥˡ
Ŀϣۿͷ죬Ц֣ߣá
ôĻ𳵣һȻۺǰѳĶϴˣ¥С˯һ˺ͺӵϢ˯úܰȣѰʱ׿˯úܳ
ĺͺǳԹӴɨäҵھӣܿ͹лͣ϶¥һһȥˡ
һ˯ţСһһѹϣ䣬ӣ֣
Ҳûţһûˣһٲ־Ͳʶˡ
һӵƨɣǷŵϣ˼ڽĵݹˮˣ
а˵ˣ˯𣿡ǰС˸Сӣδδŷ롣
˯ˣ˵һҰЬˣϴţȻǿˣ䣬ľֽŷ䣬ҹﶼҪţů
һ˳𣿡ĸսӵʱ򣬸оЩںƽˣʱ򻹳ڹԻûüȷ
òһû˵˳˳£Щʡ
룬Ǿǲ˳°ͣƺ˵㣬ˣھӷһЩȥ궬İԡ
ãһҰǰӲںЩ㹷飬ĺļҳ̣ܵһȷİ·Ӿ͸ûûαûλֻʵҽ¡
̧ͷؿڣߺߵģļû˵
˵˵ˣ»㱨ǸµĹܼšһҰ§סЦǻ𣬡ҵ𣿡
⣬ӦöЩսѼģҿˣûʲô£ٻŰɡİŷͷָؿ£ѻһƵԳӣһҶ
ҹȻ˯ţһҰǱķȥ
һţͰѽĸѹס˳////̺ͷǳʪĺϸţЩʹЩᣬһֶŴͷҽгľҡε֨֨ѽѽܴ󣬼ֱҪɢһ㡣
һҽôôݣ·ҪƵġ
̲סҧļͷһ£һңۡ
һͣ£ͷͱǼⶼǺһڽؿڣƤ㡣
Ȼŵƣϻиյƨɵյֻܰܽ˵½Ŀˣ۾ãȻƬһƺҲ̣ûס뷢йֲʹǿй¶¡
º󣬽ĺ˫ȷһҸһ£ϸļôôõ壬İˣڼҵﶼҪǲѪöɳȥҡ
۾ſڻһҵϣң
ȻôͻȻײУʱֹᡣ
һй۲ϰߣɽײԹɫһеġ
ûУ̫ˡûסһҰѱͷһһ˯ɡ
ľƣۺͰ˯˹ȥʲô¡
ڶ죬ӱȽۣһѾϰȥˣӻ˯·ӣ¥緹ҪɨäĿΣҪΣϤһ¡
Թ緹ճֲ֣ܳȥ棬С֪ʱˣϻſα
С֪һϿεӣͲͶϹһܹҹΣհҹΣŻȥ֪һϹ
һֱûĻ֪᲻̷Լ˵ˣģÿҶڼԷϹҲûֲ֣ʳҲץỰˡźܻ֪ǷҲôġ
ĸ˱ˮմ緹𣿹ﻹбһ
ʱС֪Σ˺ӣϿε¶ļĺá
̷ûܾǾллɩˡ
Ҳ֪һٿ϶ǿյģɼҲֻǴҦίԣһû˼ܹȥҪͲ˸ԡ
İѱóʲô¶
ɩӣи뷨ɲɡǽ̴֣Ҳ̵֪̽ʶߴңȫдɽӣʲôסʲôˡ˵òã̷úСģ½Ĳͬ⡣
ãȻáĺͬ˾͸öʶ磬һЩҪ𳵸ߺתҲý̴̽ңóһĨڣô𳵶֪ö˲ȥ׶𣿾ȴôȥ׶ʼ𡣡
ɩӣ˵öԡ̷Цñʼ˶ֽ¼Ҳÿͷˡ
ԭȻȴҽӻЩ΢Щ󵨣Ҫ͵Ͳ̫ͻ
ڿôҵǿ˵㣬̷ҲǸ껪Ů뷨һСҲ⣬ĹأЩðա
һȥͲͷ˵̷һҲҵͷһʦһȥΪڸġαжģʲô֣ʲô裬ȷ涨
룬˵»ǻŽֻи뷨ộʲôôԣû׼óóȻȥҪݣû׼ҲýǵĻ
̷Ҳɩ˵öԣѹҦίʱʱǸˣþǱܵ
ЦЦҲû˼ҦίദΣڵ治֪ôģǿҦί꣬Ҫ䣿ʹ֪˼
̷Ǹܴ󷽺ܳϵˣһʼⲻ֪֣סҦίȥ󣬹ҲʶһЩףʹΣҪҪطס˯ҲУɲȴ˵Ǻɩͨ³ʦģȻ쵼˼̷ƾͲΪѲΡ
ʱװͽ˵ͨĵĿڣȥ壬ɽǲӻûʣȻ֯ŵģСʦͰסɡ
̷Ƴ˸ССġŸԴҲҺͽ˵Щеûģֲ֮ڼ壬Ǹˣ˼ҼۣͬŮ֮ھӣƽҲǳ죬ɹȺ˾һġ
ʵڲǶ©ˮ©֪סҹﻹһǽ̷֪֮࣬Ҳ֣ܵÿȥ۰
İߣּһӵ֣֪ƣȻὨ̷סҦίȥؼ³ʦҲͬ⣬ٳɣӣϡ˶


97 
һɨäϿε, ľҪȳԹһ˷ڹ, ûھҪȥѧУˡ
һСʱĿ, мϢʮ, Ժ˵, ѹǺصģԽװһˮͷŵ޺֮Ĳҩ
ҲȥǰͷɩӰæš
Ͽεļ, û˰æ, ҲǴźģеĻﱧţķڲٳͷһϿξѧУ, ֮ҹͲﺢӳУš
ĸţһ㲻ϴС뿪Լǰ, ˵ڼҡ
ĳȥϿΣһһصңԼȷ, ߵСȥ, ûʦ, صӣս˵, ÿڴСʶ, ǼҼûϹѧĴ˶ȥ, ̵úãȤζԣ˼ǵÿ졣
һʮյ飬Ϊ˿ˣֺһЩûôѹˡ
Сʱںڰдһʫϯʫ԰ѩʵʫЩʶֲļ˵ЩѶģ⾳Ͼͷǳѽ͡
Ҧί飬ʶ֣ճϣҪֵʵһЩʫʸ踳;£̷ƺҦίⷽ˵ͬ²дʮʫδʣ׼ڿϴʡ
ĳֱĻǽʵһЩģžų˷ƴЩҪʫʣǾͽʱݵ˵ʫѧŻиУŻѧʫΪ٣˿βſȥС
Ҧίͺڲͬ⣬Сѧα𣬰ѻΣͷٽݽ겵¡
һվڽ˸յ£ûڸλУĽʫǰ´ʤú񣬶ʫָ˽˼֣˵Щֵһͬѧʶһ飬ǿκ죬ѸոյĹ·ֶΣСֽɫݣôһʱ⡣
ǻһҵһμĽģóϲ˵Ĺڽ̨ſαͷ۱ʣյ͵ƷɢڽҸɢŻƵĹԣϣֵĹΣᣬƽ渵Ƣ
ڿ꣬ɤЩɳƣһˮӱųȥС棬ֽ⣬ǲҪʼô𳵵£Ķһһˡ
̷סҦίƲȥտʼΣƺ˵ϻˣҲһЩĽ飬Ҧίһ·ྩѧԼѧʶԴеС֪Ľ鶼ͣ˵̴˽ͷЩ˵ͺ֧֣ȥһЩ׵飬ʦŸɨä˽
ȻԵʶֲļĺͳ̷ƶ˵ĹǺصģʱҪԿα֪ʶ㣬ҪڼԤһ
ͨ˳е̨µĴǲŻʦʱʱȺӻҪҪտʼϻ˵ЩͿûصĻ⣬޲ҪʦûĻǫĴڣϿϵڣܾΣĺͳ̷ƿǻ˾޴˼ġ
֣ôˣˣҪˮȣһҾվڽҺͷһ
ǰ滹ΧŽĵһЩɩͬѧͷӵĻһңЦЦӪӽʦ¿أ
һҲû˼ԼİˣȻӣԣ⣬Ҿȡ
Ǽѧͬѧ׷ֽʣŽĻ֣ʦˣټɡ
ľͰѽ̨ϵĶʰһ飬ԼĿαŽǸɾɵľðһǰţҵԼϣ𣿡
ɤơŵֺͣ˿ˮңҺÿġ
ƽʱֻӻؼңû·ڣһյú͵·ºڣǻߴߴģһ˶·
ڼң㡣һҳû˿͵͵һڣǡñջĻ
ɵܹ֣ҲҪףͽڣܳȥˡ
С꼶ƣңһ꼶һϿΣ˵һѧУ˵һԺӣѧУ¯Ա߻һ˵أʦֵġ
УſھҪ·˵أҪ˱ǣŽĵҶһҾͰѻұһĿߣȴڹ¯¿һϤӰҦҦίȥкȴһЦģ֣ڵͷһŮ˵һҾͣ˽Ų
ֹһңĺͺö˶ˣֹһ䣬ҦίǵСָɨäĹ˰ɣ
ҲƵ뷨ôߣһܹȥк
һһͷʽģ˭ôô
ľ͸ɨäһʦ̷ƣǴͶ֪࣬ġ¶ʱ򣬻һҳˣ֪֣ϿεĻʹסҦίء
һ˿ûʲô飬ǰŻֱӱֳ𾪣Ҳѧ£߰ɣȥ˵
ĿһۣٿҦίͳ̷ͷһ̷ۣƿˣͳ֣ϻǸʵЦݣҲֻûֺ˴кҦίҲͷ
˴СţǾƮ䣺ҦίСʦ治Ӱ
⻰ǸĽģ϶֮Աǣ˼ҳŮδ飬ʲôñܻģôˣС˵һ﷢ÿһ¶ǿģС£ǲԼҵģԼϢϢء
һδû취뿪ҲҪסʮֱ꣬ݣǲпܻطסҲòע
Ա˵ĻŻһߵñտ죬ҲͬҦίС˵ƪᵥĳ̷ס͹µģ˼ҳ̷ƺúõŮӣҦί˴βŪ˼ҶѿҪҪɨäϿˣ
ᱻ˵Ů˾Ҫʲô꾫Ҫľľ䣬һµ£ָȴŮԡ
Һһϴһ˯
һýİѳ̷Ƶ˵һ飬ľͰԼ֪˵ˣȻ̾иȷжϣǽӴˣĵЩø˰ɣ
һ룬úܿ϶˵нġ
˼ڣ׳ͬҦίȢޣҪٻ飬˲׳ļضԷ˵ļ壬ǹͬѡˣҦϻᷴΣջġ
һ˳һҵѾʼЩӲǰı߽߱ǽǣҲ˼Χһִеˣһòͬ˼άλߵ˼άȥ˼һеˣҪΪԼԼ޶ԶĴ㣬ҪҲܵκٹ⣬Ҳᵽ׳ͷʱ˵ģҪȫ֣Ҫʣ·ߡ
ľȣŻһңǰԸЩ࣬ƶжһ£˵ȥһ飬һ롣ܴ
һң˳ȥʲôȤ£ҷ𣿡ʵúػأЩȷڻܲܺԭһֱ㶵غ˵
񣬲ܽʱ䲻Ǹ·һסдֵһᡣһҰ§ؿڣʵĽʦҪ֪̫ڰĶһڣݶ
֪˭С֪סҦί𣿡һϷʵؿ
˭һС֣ҧһڡ
װ³ʦͺɩӡİѳ̷յĻ˵Ը̷ܵһ˿գʱȷʵ֪Ҧί˼ôôһʱ䣬ߣڿĵͶҲ˷ʼĲˡ
֡һҵƽЩĮ
ĸˣһôˣ
Ϊʲôô˵ԭǺܼ֣ͷζҪ³ʦ򸾱أôҪ񣬽кɩӵġ
Ҧί̫̫ˣֹʦ쵼׶һЩʦҲӰôһˣ˻뿴ôġһ˵ԼĹ۲죬ûʲôЩ¸˹עģһɫŶã֯ôù
³...ҲҦί𣿡һ£ΪԴβƵġ
˵һǻһеʱ³ʦϵͷ΢ƽòĲ²⣬Ҳ˵³ʦ籾⣬ɩӿ϶ǲ⣬»ݣϲҦί
ô˵...ҪҦί𣿡ĿҦίƺѾЩˣҲ̷ܹȷʵʣҦίֵ׳꣬Ѿ꣬ϺŮˣ̸йͬ⣬һܼأĶҲ
ͦϲ˼ֵģҦίʲôĻٻӰ
ûбҪһģֲǺӣʲôʲôˡʵԤ̫࣬Ե£һֻ۱һֻֻۣҪӰ׳ļƻС
ܻһ֪˸飬׳ͷ˵ҳûб仯˻һҪѡһ֧飬ÿһ֧鶼мùĵطȻʼ׳Ǿֻһ·ߵˡ
ĽԻһһµʶ̬ƺת̫Щ˳϶һЩòı飬ƺңͺӵİ⣬ҲڱϬĿֲǿͺìܣֺܺ档
ʱһ·˽ǣϲȥ죬͸ƿơһҲ˵Щ˵ʱòƵĸ˾Ƶ¡
Ҳ֪תƻ⣬̧ͷ°ͣЦҰ۹ã˸ôõŮ
һҰ§סӣʶѣﻮŵȣĺͻңصģĶţͲ̴ͷĻܴǼ˶û취չˣʲôأ
ˣҪ˵һ䣬£ɨä಻ϿΣһ쿴裬м𣿡ȥʱ򣬾˵һҪȥ̽׵ġ
һüƲУļûдѵĸʺܴ󣬶һҲûô࣬Ļ̫Զˣֲʧ˵һᾡЭ
⻰ľͷˣҪѻҲȥð迴ǡ
ʵˮ˻һˣСһѺȥҲúԼ࣬Ŀɲǰ÷ֺġ


98 
, ̫ѩ˿ʼʩˮָͺ, ҲԼԺ¸, һĴײ, ɰһ˶, һůͣľŻһҰԺĲ˵ط˹ʮºϾͿʼҶӲˡ
һߣɨä൱ʦ׬ƱƱ, , ը˺ôһըӺըӣѸھӶˣôö˶˵ĿʼըЩ
ľ˵ȥ궬û, ˣҲǳʶһЩûȥ, յһЩС
ӹúƽھżпڽǣûر鷢, һжڰͰ, ɫŶڰҵԤǰߡ
Ǳ˵, ҦίϳʱС֪ںͷ, ˵˵ЦЦ, ܵ, Ƶģ˵ܿϲˡ˵а۵ģһ
ЩĲţҦί¶С֪Ҳֲ֪صˣοһҵ˼ҦίԼµҼһ̫ˣרŶ˼ſƣ̶֥¶˵죬˼˵˵̣Լ߻ˡ
ԼС¸³棬ڻܶСԴһܳ¶ٻֻ˵պãٲ٣ҪҲǳȽ϶࣬ҷſֽȥҪܸࡰñӡˣҲҪ˵ĵ磬ЩǴ谭
ĲΣ򽻵СѾмĬΣ˲ԼƣҪؽΣؽһ鷳ۺܶḶ́ĲԸðգҲԸԼ鷳
һ뷨ĻС磬Сڳ˽ãڲͬĵطػǮүүᵽһõĵطǮһҲ˹ȥڼңܰһүү
Դл˸ԭҵСܣСܼҲûˣԭǱ·ŵȥģɵǰ겡ţֽԶڸϱߵĵطҲ˲ˣ͵ܻԴУ͵ʱ˯վʱ˯˼ǽǡ
һضӶˣ͵ϣץסϳˣǸףСʱ˻ڣ˻һߡ
ͬԭԴвʢҽݵʢʱ˶ǱĵСүӣǴ󷢴ȱСܳһ棬Сܶú޲ð붼ȥԱ˻ٳһ룬ҲûС֪ӵζٸСܽһ룬ʮСܵ˵ҪֹֻҪܸһסĵطֻһٷҲУҲУ
ԴԼû¶ɣ⻹Ǹĺ˼Σͷ˵Ǯչ˸ʮĺӣɹ˲ϣƭС˵ԼҪתͷˡ
޳ͷңͷ˵¶ͷۻһ£Ҽǵ⺢ӣүõܵӣû趼˰ɣԼŰ졣
գڻվֿСԶԶű飬űӲǰҲܣǮ
պõǰô־˵չ꣬ͷǮ컹С
ͳӣĻ಻٣Կڷѣû˵һѣ߿ˡ
ȵһ߿ּСϾȻһľ壬ݺվǺͷһܹȥľ嶪£
磬۸㣡СҲм֪ͼ˼ֳͷ
ְϵľԱߣҲֲ㣬ëûҴܣһӣǿտʼѰҹ·Լߣȥ
ԴˣС־һֱƨɺͷ˳ȥڼվϺүүסһ𣬳ԵòǶãҲиˡ
޳ͷ֪Ҳû˵ʲô޳ڣÿľ磬·ߵ˺޳·˭ʶ
˺ͽļգ޳ͷϳԼĶĿ־ԣ˷򣬼û³Χ°ͺͱӣȥȡ
С⣬ÿһʱͻ£û˵Լ⣬ӷĿ޽𣬴һҷ£ֱܵĲΡ
ճ˻ģٰᵽվ̨ϡ
ַСˣӴҲϸ˵˶ôˣͬȽٻùİɣÿضҪһζ
СҲ˵ⲻһ˵ģöԺ鸺־ֻú߼䣬ö˵ʲô
գּ˽ģ˺һվ̨ϵȳһģһϵġ
С磬½һ֮¸ҾͲˡҧŰӣźֽµĴ㡣
Ǹӣһ⻰ΪҲˣû˵꣬׾С㣬ô£ϼҲҪҵĻˣմ˵Ǯ˿͵ġ
İİȥȿˮ𼱣˵ꡣ·Ҫһģܸյ٣һǧǮյô𣿡
͵˿ڿˮ˵٣
㲻𣿆£ĶûģɲɣյҲУǮ취
ɳɳɣܳɲɣֶȴӦˣԼȥ߾ջʱֱôǮôɱң
İһۣʲôʱٹǮ
ǣھͰѰӳˣָϵͲ·ϣһǰۣ⣬óֽǮüһСǲүҪ⣬ǹƾͽӽϴ߻ˣҲܵԴе磡
Ǯ򵽷ӣǵôүүסլȥٰԭӶȫźүүؽԴʢҽݣ
Ŀɫ֪βˣһˮòܣСҪȥˣ˵չʮˡˣҿɲֽ
ּֽ̾պãĶˣСһۣѪһ׼Ե߾ȥջء
סǸңǸǵĺĿۡ
С㣬˵ϼô׬˶٣͸Ȥһһ˵ؽÿһͺü٣׬ͷС
Ҳ֪Ǯûϡ׬ûɽһֶ͸¶ġ
˵û˼Ҳѧۣ˸Ĳ
һһʶ𣬷Σ١ȫѻˣҾͰѺͷģһԸ㡣Ҳ֪ҪСͷϲôǮȸһֶܰѻ롣
С㣬˶ֶһĴָ¶ء
ûǩͷԼǵ籨磬СͻֻԴˣصǮϸĹȥտԾǡι
췢˻ؼ壬һҺڴڵ
ػһûкԭһҽڣٵΪֻȥϿӰйɵĻȻͼģԼȥ飬²뿴飬ǿʣȥʲôˣ࣬Ūȥ
ЩŵһЩ飺˵㶫Ѱ򿪣ûһҿгԵõģһЩﳣġ
ӴǳһɿԵﶼںںڵģЦģ֣ߡ
һҲţһ飺ôûЩģĶģ
һңʲôǱʣĲ̫ͶֽβǸ̵꣬и̶۶Щ͵ģһÿ춼У»ȥҲС
һҿһ£۾ڳģģ㣬εˡ
ĵĶ©һģһʲô˼ڻʲôʲô𣿿û׼ҪѺС¸»һҷԣܷ¶Ҳ³ͻ룬Ǯͺеס
û֮һ˿ѷ죬ֻǰҪ˵˼仰
ϣ˯źֱһұڷ䡣
һҪģҪرûиһ޼£Ѱ۽߳һᣬҧҲϸһҿڣ֪Щû˵ĻڣҲڵڣγҲֻҪһҧ˵ļҧ˼ӡ׳ֱҲҧѪ
ڻĥ
һĵͷײͷءһʱһҺЩѹڸʲô
ģ۲ۣһҵͷȥ۽ǣ˳˱סȥĶǣײûУ
ᣬҧŴ޳ӺͷһһңʲôͷʲôίҪؼҷй
ֹһΣһʱЩ粻˵ģǻһУΪӶ˵
һҽסϺͶͷǺڵֱۺţеð׾ĽԽ޹ǲ֪ģֻʱʱȥһ϶ѣ飬Ȼ׾Ҳ֪Ҫôֻͣһֱ庢һ󱳣ҲãҴ³ҧң
ǽȴϸϸûкܴҲ˵ܵ鲻͹ⲻȥڻһҲܣ;˸ңǰһڻһҵϡ
ģԲ𣬱ޱޣҧңҧһ⡣һҰ˱Ҫ
ƿ۽ǺͱͷģӣҪʲôҪҵ̹ϣʲô㣿ǹϵ飬һЩѪȵĳп־ֻ֢...
سȥȥ𣿡һҲ˵ֻϹ£Ҳǰޣͷ
һһ£ðôö˶˵˵ЩЦãѽĵСԲ˺ü£ûе£ûϵҾûˣ˼롣
˭ô鲻ãһҵһУҲŽġ
һҼûٿޣСѹϣָƣڲ֪Ҫô㽲ģҵʱ䣬ڲҷҷ򡣡
ôһ˵ľͿЩȷʵǷһЩΪ飬ҲãȻʧ룬֪Ҫȥ˾ͻйһ·̣
Ҫ೤ʱ䣬Ҫòܺ˵Ȼ£ɽҲҪޣûûȥ
һᾡ졣һҺĥԺҲԾʹңҧңңҪҿ
᲻ءĺߺߣ˫סԼЩ飬ȥ˿ŶԷЦֺͺˡ
Ҳҡ仰һû˵
룬ľΣֻҪ뿪һؼܿڣܰģԼйģǸַ꣬ߣͱЩģ㲻ңҲ뿪ҡ
һ⻰ľҧ°һڣô˵Ҫ뿪㣬ʲôԲסҵ£뿪㣿
ûУҶ׳ԶҳϡһӣŽҡ㲻ߣȥĶҾȥĶ
˵ˣĶҾĶı˵ǣһĿһֱһ𡣡
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󣬻һЩ仯ʾ͸ֶ˼ֳȣһķȥʱ׳ģĲתӣĶĸо
һһؼҺ󣬲ٵһЩϵ鼮ʼҦίߵýҦίеӶ飬̽ʦ˼Ӫһʦ򱨸棬Ҫѧϰ
ʦͬѧı棬Сʦźÿγ̣ϼҪѧѵӣʦҲ
˶Գ飬Ů˲ģûһҵĻ˵
СŵĿγֵ̣һѧʱ˶ݹģûǰĿɬֻͷ̣ѧˣصſڱտڶǳ
Կ·ʱⶣĴźӵ·ȥ͵ЦԸźȥ
ӿǰְڳϣҪȥֻðһȥ
˺ӶڳϣһҶʱЩţס̵СֻòͣӪɣƽϣµġ
ڳЦЦ֣һ͹ȥˡ
ȥ궬ʱ򣬽ܾŬϵĻһ˵ʲôڷӦ˵㷽УڵƺԼĿÿһ¶Լķִͼƻһʼδת䣬Ȼʼû˳ʲô£˵Ǻ顣
һҵ֪Ҧί³ʦѾѳתƳˣҵ׶ҽԺѾڻϣͻᵽʸ᲻ȥ̧һֲ֪Ҫ˭
³ʦߣҦίҪȥ׶ᣬ뿪ʮգ˳㻹˼𣬸ֱڵҽԺ
Ҧί˻ʱѾʼůˣȥޱа£͵ˡһңûԼҿ𣬶ֱһҼ˼·Ϻ˴кʱ˵˽ˣһؼҾʹزƱȥˡ
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һңҼˡҦίһ·ɫܲθͲãԵҲãʱ˵ҲΪںҽ˵ٵꡣ
һҼųڣҲŸֻʳڣ˭տ׳ͷ֪𣿡
˻ѳڽߵʱ׳ͷ˻֪Ҳ֪ˡôЩ꣬ҦϻԼϢķģ³ʦϼ˸ŵùȥտ
ǾͺáһҷˣϱܳסǸϲŭɫˡ
Ҧί̫ˣûвı仯˵˵м㣬ΪΡĻһҵļ򣬡һңضˡ
һֻһӦõġ׳ͷ˱Ͼд׳ĳѣ£ֵ塣
ؿᣬһЩ䶯Ԥһ׳˵ġˡҦίξǺģۣȥ³ۣӣһ˴
һҾ񣺡ǣ
ˡҦ¶һƣЦΪڵ£ָ׽ˣԼˣҪߵøЩȥԷɣСС˵ǡ


99 
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·ݣĺͳ̷ƶ˾Ҫʧҵˡ
ף׼, ɨä໹Ҫ, ѧͰ༶٣ʱһڵʦ϶˳̷ơ
̷ƺ֪һü, ഺˣֲ, سǣ޳·Сƫƫֶ, мֲŻ, , ;ԼǱûĽӣԼıд, Ҷó, һؿ, Цһ£ֲܿЦˣʲôʸЦ˵
ӵĳ̷Щɶ꣬ˣɨäȥÿ׻سǵգͲµأٺ֪༷һ˯ϵԸʱǰߵͬʱҪʹӡ
ǰɩ˵ˮӻΪͻ˭֪˲żˡ
µ׾ͻؼˣֻղţ֪˾١
˱ͳ߲ͨɫǰѳɤӣػԭһߣ˺˵Ҳģ춼ڼңСƢҲս꣬ھì𣬼¥˺һҹϵԭ
˴ɤˣ˵Ѽɤ˵úܣòˣˣ˵ݵÿ£˫ץסͬһ˫צץס˵ʱһ˫۾Թض˿ҹµÿ
ֻ֪ˣټڳ̷Ƶɨäϡ
˵Сɨä࣬ˮȥСܱͬ⣬ɤӻˣۣοɨä඼ҵˣҹҹǰ˻ƵؿޣֻѻͶܴ󱦶˯ȥҺڸ˿α
ڵ˱⣬Ȱһ䣬˵ֻʣһµĿˣ¸ʦεݣԵ»أ˵·ݻٿ࣬ͷѧá
Сֿʼһ˼˵ܸϣ˼Ұ칫ҾˣǲǿңҰˣһѧɣǵõȵ£˭֪ǻ࣡
ڵ˱һӻ𣬰ѼֽǰԼ
ͽйڣǺƣȻؾѡС֪Ŀá
̷ƺͽİѳִѹǰ½꣬Ѿ˼ƻеġ׶ΣɨäͬѧȻȫȻе⾳Ҳ֪һЩ˼
ƫƫ̷ƽϣôжڰϵʫҲſϹһͬѧУеĳϹͨ˿ξҪСһ֪ɨääɨôʦ̵Ρ
ֶʶʱȻ¶ţ̷ֻ֪иѧ֪֪ƷΣǾڿ䡣
¿ͱˣϼһɤӾˣϾ˼ҿʱ̶Ц˸۵Сֲ֪࣬Ǽˣ˵ʲô֪ʶӵģ˵䣬ķΪʦȻڿֿԭǰ˵ɤӣڸһ¸´˶䣬Χ˶ò߿һЩմˡ
̷Ͽôãտʼͬѧĥһ£һķΧ˸˹ĵһӻ޲ؿѧޣ޵Ҫݶˣεվڽ̨ϣִٲ
мɩڵȰˣϿΣʵҪ޾¿˵
ѽǰޣ˵䡣ɤӣӦˡ
ôһˣɤӻˣʲô
˲˲Ҷ̣ʵɩƽͦģڽǹڽǣ˵˰̵ĻУô꣬Ҳ͸ô÷ȥ˼ϲĻͽˡ
Χһ˵һʣ޵øˣĿѸڰ˶ˣİѧϿΣ쳤ӣ뿴ڰ෢ʲô£ʦֻôҰԼܹȥһüͷ壬ôϿˣڸʲô
̷ƿģһǰȥץסֱۣɽҲմһɧͳȥҴСǸڸ𿴴ŵͬ־ˡ롱˳ȥ
ȥ徻ˣ˵䣬ּϿΣ̷Щû飬ͷĿνϡϡģٲƽļ飬ǱӰˡ
ڶպھյˮ޵Ͷߣ˵Ҫٱɨäʦ
Խĵľٱ£ҲܣȻ˰ѻѧϰѧ˳ȥɷӪԼҲǸǵģСܺԽĵҪǣżͬѧǵǸ
ǶԳ̷֪Ͷ߾ضˣ˵˵ʫˣòǷ//ɣӲܣҪϵĸίȥٱҪ̨֣ͷν֣Ҫ˼룡
һʼ˵ģλ䣬˵С֪࣬඼ҪӺˣ
С֪˼Ҧίܲԭ屨ַ֧µĳ̷ʦģǸͬϻǩ֣ʵ浽ίȥǲǹĲǣ³ʦҲΪѡ
Ҳô¶ˣ˵˵СܷȰߣȥ˽ţԼҲؼҴһҰһԣ칫ҶۣԷ޿ţǹʹ
ڰ칫תһЦ£ȥҦίˣС֪һģŮʦһֱסңǺĵͣߵúܽԵģٶ˵ӢۡţѣӢ۷ӷӡ
һҦίſڣͰˮ״㱨ˡ
ô˵ģص˵ͶߵǽģСֻ֪˳ģСʦ΢һЩֲ˵̫ˣѽίôãɩͷǳ֣Լ˵ܽˡС֪ѹһŮͬ־޹ʵģǻǵô֮ǣǵƫܡ
ҦϿǰĲΣЦһٿһۣЦ˫ֽ汧Ժ󣬿Щ䣬ѲЦĪֱֻͦˣȴ쵼ָ
ôô죡һΣЩ¶𣿡ҦЦģ˵ĻȷǲСεˣͲ֪ôȺദ𣿡
סû뵽õһķ˼˵͵ʴףС֪ѴҦίﴫû뵽ѵһ٣ֻűӼԼί˵öԣûú˼ûùһȥʡ
Ǹñӻص칫ң°ͣûҦίѵϣÿҪһѵǣҦίС֪ൽǸʲô˵
еŮģ渴ӡһүûֻõóۡ
˰롱ȥ֪Ƿ޿϶Ҫֳ۶ӳͻһ˵ǶʲôҪһʱ
һԴЦ˼ҶֵʱôͲģڻ˼鷳
鷳鷳ַ̯ΪԼ⣬ͺñԼú·ϣͻȻðˣˮҲ𣿺οС򸾾ţƤǣմϾͳϴɾ˵Ҫ
У㿴š£Ǿҵ鷳Ҷ㵲ȥһġ
ľЦذǰţȫиɷ⿪ʼǿӲڿʼĿͺӡ
£ûС˵ˣȥٱС֪࣬С֪ҲԾٱǼҡ
ٱʲôˮҺҰ˸죬ƶũֺר
СܰСܣǳû⡣˼򲻹㣬Ϊְλĸɲϲӹ㰮ڿϴޣӰ켯ϿΣӰɨä๤㲻Ȱŷ
Ҳв֪Ҳ򲿶Ӿٱ㣬ﱨ緢£Ļд֣дŵȥǷ¶ǱǳʱӰһ󣬲˵ֱӰ㿪ˣ
ˮһȻܾٱòȻ˵ȥϣǵҪ˵
ΰ֣УȥȥҲšȺ˵ʱ㱻ְȥÿǲвģĶͻĶȥǿЦġ
ǽأô˵ǵǸˮ£ǿš³Թ޵УŪС֪࣬ѵͻŪģ
̧ͷϿסۣԼŰ죬ǴͬһҲ㣬ɩ֧ʣдǱС֪ĻࡣȥԣС֪ǣǽɩӺǡ
СǸӣҪȥһߣܻȥ˵ˣ˵ϻЬҪȥϾٱ˶ٱͲаϾû˵ĵطˣ
һҪϼңСܴӴ˻û˲Ͼйȥص֣ٻϼȥҪɤӣ»ػҪҪǸ¸ɤӰﶼ˳ɤҲ̫ˣ
һ£ûȥϿΣָҲںԼɤƵ£ٱλʦ£ôز֮ˡ
οԷû죬Լ¶ˣҦί
ҦֻǿһۣЦⲻ۵ףСǻͦµ𣿡Ѳθһ¡
̷Ǵ֪µģһЩϲѧ˿ξߴߴ˵ˣСһ٣ȰСʦƽϣ̷ƿЦԭﶼûо
գڼ壬ҪȥļԿγ̣˶ϿεĽȣ˵
ڿ֣պ꣬ļ飬ĸд˼ʾ֣ǳܻٽ
̷ƿһֱЦݣӳź˵ɩиҲ¶
ľ֪춨лҪ˵ģԳ̷ƲУԸ졣
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˽ܡĲ˵ϸڣų̷Ʋ֪Ǽҵ¡
̷ƹȻЦЦй˵ķ飬ÿҲǽĲԭ֮һ
ɩӣӵĸףΪ𣿡̷ʣ֪Ƿָ˼Ҳĺӡ
ΪѣҲΪѡĸɷ֧֣ܲΪѵȥ˵ΪѣͥеÿһɫΪѵģ˸ĸ
ӴˣƾͺЩ̷ƱϾû飬Ҳûִӣ˵ĻЩѥɦ
˵Ӷ£˲£ĸףѡĺȦӣ̹ϣҲʡ
̷һû˵ȿˮֽȥҲƺĺܽʱ־úԶ˵ҦԴȥ׶󣬾Ͷ䵭飬֪Ҫôͽߣ˵ڡ
̾ʵһǰͺ˵ˣҦίԭǰԵǼƺҦҸµİţ̷֮Ҧϣǹ͡
һ˵رƶּȵĮҦίֻǼį˼꣬˵˵˲С֪࣬С֪࣬ŮûҦίµˣǰġ
ĻС֪һٱһҲܿҦίмϲ̷Ƶġ
ŲţˣҦίҲĻþõȵ죬ˡһҰ§סָգװ̫ˣС֪ŲϺš
Ҳû˵ҵģǵ͹ֲԣû뵽Ҧί䴦죬Ϊܳ£һα㺣ȴϢؽˣһ˵ֻʱ򣬷·ϰΪһҧ
أһþҲ𣿡ľ·Ļش
ҵģ׳һֱԶװһʱоҲûаȫУһֱǿƣʼպ˵ȥߵˣҪͣŵܻӡ
仰ܳãýĸеһο˿϶˯š
̷ûˣҦ϶񽻣̸ʫ۴ʣ̸̸ɾǲ̸Ҧϵǳ̷ƵĲ˵֮ʱȻֹ޺
Ҧϲ˰ߣΪ˱ӣͷҹ˯˰칫ҵоϣĻоԱСܣ˭֪¡
ʱദĽ㡣̷ƾ˵ɼ˳ó죬Ļм棬ôõ
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ɩӣº㽲ҺˣԼΰؼң밢ְֺķ裬Ҳ硣˵ң̷͵İѸɾӵݸ
ķдź˵Ҫкʵ֪ڵؽ飬ôиң˻ؼңùһ˳Է̷ǴŮӣ棬аϵͷʮ֪ˣͷʹѾԴճɶԣҲкһȻسǣԸڴģ͸С֪඼ûϣӹʵ̣ΨһļС
û뵽ؾҦϣͷȴֵ׳ˣ̸ںḻֲʣô̷ܲƵģ겻Ȣޣ٣ᶨȥľ۷
Ҳû뵽̷ƾ󵨣ʱҦί˵Ľ̸˵ˣɽĲ뵱ˣпضһŮʶֻǾˮһ
̷ûдֻǶһ˶ˡ
ҦҲûдѡûѡ̷ơ
̷ƿ޵ģĲѱ̬˵һ䲻ߵĻҦί̫ˣҿֻ𾴵ĸоǽǽаְ֡
̷ҭסᣬ˵ĳ治˼ҽɩӺͬҲͬôҪһȫأ
Ŀó̷Ʋϲô˵Ҳˣŵʱ򣬻̲ס˵䣺һЩ׿ľ˾Ĺ£ϧԼ̤ʵص
̷ƶǶֻͷʣʹǴŴֲѣҲһ顣
ĿģǿĹ־£룬û취䵽ʵʹԴʵĸѣ˷мĹǵǲֵġ


100 
Ϊ·Ҫ, дŻȥ߰ʹСǣСǮҲػ˳ȥ
˵ҪңԴ, Ž, ָһǮ, ľͰǮȫţɡ
ţ⻹, ˸εĵطҪ治ףӵ˶֪£ȴѡһֻ۱һֻۣΪȥ׬Ǯ, ʮ¹, Ӷӳ֧Щӽã˳ģֲԴʳҿ¼, Ҳ˵ʲôûץѱ, û˾ٱҾ͵û¶˶, Ϲ׬Ҳ
Ļ˲̴, ò̴ֵܵȥ, Ŵġ
ɽ˵, Ǻܴһֻ, ϱóҧĶǰ, ˵ɩҪɶҲû˵ӣʱӵվȥϻһϲϣͽһĶ
Ǯȥ󣬽ֻʣһٶǮϾˣרĵ𳵻ȥա
˵ǮǮȫѹڻϣתԲ˵
Ҫţ뿪һļ壬صĻңıһЩ˵˸ܵϲһҺͻ׵õ㣬ھǶ֪·ҪһңȤ˻ؼ·ǷճӣõʱӪҪǧѰޡ
ɨäĿγ̽µȫھ·ݻв࣬Ҳû³̣ĺͻɩ˵ˣҪʦĻûϻͰ
ɩǽʦʵѧ˵ãҪǿ࣬ҪȥϿΣСζ˼ôӶȤĹأ
˿ΣȻҪԣҦίƺЩ£æ֮гʱӣԣĺͳ̷˿ʼľӣ࣬һҹ͸ĺˣһ˳
ճɼҴյòʦСʦɼõͬѧһ֧һӣ쵽ϲЦտллʦ
ҵǸ죬һͿʼɨäĽҵʽҦίҲѧϰͬѧÿֵˣ϶й⣬ʶ־Ǻãˣ˵˳ˣܽӦ֣쵼ܿĴڡ
Ҧίǽ̨ϽԵµһͬʣĿǰɨĴڽ̨µÿ˶յĿ⣬оעԼ
ĿԱߵĳ̷ƣȻЩʲôʱ˵ҪʱðסˣСֻ֪ǰԹؿһҦϣžͻָƽɫһƽ޲쵼
ﲻ˼ˣ棬İˡ
쵼ϣָлλʦĸôҸǹƣҶ飬е˱ƻ߿λʦ˿
ȻںֳƺеذˣյԵȵĸлֳɾ͸кԺлǺĵģͼ壬ϵܣˣǰܾøһ
ʱڰҲںʱ
ϣҳԹɨäͬѧ֪һ̨ĿӺڻæʱĵƣҴϳ裬֡
˼ˣҲ˲ٴ񣬴Ҿһؾƽ³ʦź֪ˣῪʼǰ̨ͬ֡
һҺͽĴڵµĳų裬ӾͺС̨̨һΣЦ۾гӰǱݽĿ
ܳһͷĻ裬Ҫˮ
ĸëǮ򳡱߶ȥƿһƿܵܡ
֪λǽĸŮͷһۣЦһ£ļҲͷɩӡ
һһǽʱסֱ֣˵أҺ˴ͥڴܣ
ǡһӲµо氤ᡣ
һ£Ц˵ϱͺһ
һҾͿɵЦ˼ָʶģ
ҪЦЦϰҶˡ죬úÿĿŽĻ֪б۾ٿһۣ΢Цſ̨˱ݽĿ
ҦίҪڰ칫Ҵ绰˼ˣһȺ裬ǰͷʵ˵ӣûȥֵܶ˳ȥ棬ڻһҽԱһλϡ
Ⱥ̨ʶ֪࣬ЦݿʵرĻ70ĲŮ̷ƣǱַ١Ī˹ƽϡ
ԭ῿ڻһҼϣǳ̷̨ݣʶŤͷҦίҦίɫ䣬һ̨ɽϣȴϳ
ΪʱģѹȣŹԱߣ̨ʲôʱ˾šһ£պ̷ֵƵʱ򣬵ݲ֪ΪʲôһһǸôšֻ̨÷ͷȥ߿ڡ
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̷ƳŴҾϸЦһ£ϣŸ޴ַ٣صǰϣᣬ񾲵ָƮڵ򳡣ʱм֪ĽĳѼҲţ˸ϳ
ıסһҵֱۣź߼䣬ҦίҲſĬĬ˼䡣...ҵԣ͵͵Ҳ죬뿪ڽ֪ٻϣҹȥɫףù...
̨ϳԼеĳ̷ûп̨µˣҹﰵҲ壬ʱƺЩţ˼ǲӰҵ飬ϣҹƣַپһ͵Աȥˡ
ûһҦҲվ³˵仰˼̫Լɫߡ
һתͷҦίıӰ˽űһСʯͷԶԱļϣŮ֪࿴СʹɫСջ۾Ҧίˡ
ǲҲ̫Сˣ
Сʻ괬Ҧίǲܳġһֱͦ壬һ¹ģûȤ
ǵʱ...ָĵָָ³ʦͷô
һһ䣺û룬Ҳ
Ʋ죬ڵĻһԽԽˣײһһظ
ˣһС˾һ𳪸裬˶Űʻȥˣ̷ͽĵɨä͵ûϹ׬־ûԣʮֵĲŻҲҪιӡ
ĺӵһ£˵ȷʵǽӣֶϰֵϰߣ㷢һ졣߿ܿҪָˣټһֽ꣬ܿϵĺϢسǣû·ǿԼȥһ·
̷Цǵһ ʸУ˵룬ǲҸ磬һΣһôѡ
ֱ˱Ҫͷͷû·۾ǰ
ʹˣ̲ס˵̷̣ܳǱģϾʮĽģͷԼ϶˵䡣
̷ƺ֣֪࣬ҹ·شˣӴֿճϢ˵ҹ̸۵عҦϣҲ˳ˡ
ζݵĸ֪˼֤ʧϢûһ˿ۼ
ȥ·ϣˮƿĻںסĪ˹ƽϡһһú͵ƣһǣϵԲ࣬Լӵеʧȥģյģƺû취ʲôֻץǰԼͬҹɷԽԽ׽ĺӡ
һңҷԼں㡣ɫ̫ã̲ס˵˵
˭֪̿ͷ˵Ҳ㡣
죬̧ͷΪʲôźȿͷ㲻ϲ𣿡
ϲҴδĺӣÿһҶĺӡһҵںҹɲЦԽԽЦˣҪøǿøȡ
ģİɣһǣϸõӡһҵĻᣬȴأȥӣٶԡ
Ӵйɾǰ塣
ĿЩڽһ£ЦˣԼҲЦˣ¶ԣһһС
һ޴ת䣬ʱԼƵ÷裬ûûͨѶû뵽Ҳôˣȣд㣬ٻ21͵ǸһڹϣмǿӲԼ沨ı仯
һȴһֻΪλá
սʱģܲı⻷ѹֵĲ죬ǻΪ˭ôӵģûرģ˼ܹҲܹǽҲѹ಻ͨĻڻһڳɳڽҲϸĳ֣Ϊ˵Ҳû취˵
ʱĻһңͱʱĽģûн̸ȴϴ˹ʶ׽֪˸ı䣬Լļ޶ȵЭȻˣһԼȥȡһǰ̡


101 
յСǮ, һ˴ŵʱ£һǮ
ڶȥվʱ, ¥ˤһ, ˤֻŶ, ڵϰϵؽ, ǵ˹ȥģɫЩףͷˤˣ˿ˮְ, Ҳ˵л, żæŵطϵɿȫˤˣװˣ˻ôóȥȥҲÿ, 粻
ǰ߿ˣŽ, ùֻԼҺûؾ, Ȼ˵Լ
, Ҷûڻվ̵ſת, Ҳ˵ˤֻ, ֱҲ̧, һֱ׬Ǯ, סˣ˽һ죬ڼèأ綼ͷȥԵġ
ˤգ극İѣӼŴߵʱ˻𳵣ﴧǮ߾ȥˡ
ֵֶ˵ǣҪ߾ȥһʲôŪ֮ʹȥԺ磬Ǿ͵ϺͳȥҲһѵ񫡣
һǸԣ羡ȥڼһῴ˺үүȸ
һ˳ȥҪö죬ǰָүϴ˸裬ϴѣ߶߶ǰǧ𷽡껹˼룬ûб仯
үȻзƫ̱ˣҲ֪ѾûҽβûѭڹأʲôаǮ¶˷Ƶģһؼңڼ˵Ҫ뿪죬Ӻ﷢̵ָָܶŵرʾȥѾûӻҲûܽˣһ˫ǵֻۣؿȥ
ӳȥүӶ壬ȴŲֺˮؿ̱꣬ѾҲܶٲ֣Ҳˡ
ȥ߾ûнţѾ̫õɢԱ֪ô飬֪ôСȥվôȥ
Լαһţ޳ͷļֽ́ͷһ˫ֲڵдپĿ飬ĩ˻˸£մ˺ӡ࣬ȥ
ʳ¯Ľţͷ˸Ĵָүүǵʦүģ
ͷһѱʺ²ڴһשͷɫ㽾Сʻ괬ҹ϶ͱˡڽǡ
ְѼٽͷ˵үүһƣ⣡
ͷҡҡͷʾԼҪĶС磬ⲻǰ취˻ǵзְҵҪѧгҲܳԿڷ
־Ͳˣкޣû취ǸĻҲû취;үүһеıīһ۵޳ͷֻ뵱ˣ뵱ǸûûεĲʢҽݵү游ĸ͵趼ߵСӡ
žүүĽţгԱһźƱͷϳˡ
û˸٣ץҪ͸ĵģÿطĸʽвͬһŵҪ͸û⣬ǾͿԹء
ֽӹźͳƱѹñӣ§űһȥһ£Լ࣬رҺû
ڻҡҹڵ˱߾³ʱȶġ
Сʱ͸ĸǵĳᣬ˯ģһпԼıץĵҹҲû˯ʵҪǱץˣҲ͸ģ򿪳ȥˤҲܱץүүҪչء
˱˵ĵط־Ϳʼβˣе𣬷ŵ̬طԼǵһЩµĽֵðͷ˵ֵΨΨŵŵסдҹŸǽ߶š
˼˵߾ҹУؿɴ۽ˣǵطҪʲôʲôЩ껹̯ܳļһҰһڣֵͲһס֣ÿڲס˴˶ϱȻۣͬһֽǮһֽͬҾͰѵͲˣһҹ
һǸڽ˺ͷ˸֣ѧǸ۸ƣ¾ѧˣȥǰСҪĻɨһ飬һϾɨһ룬ʣµĶ˵УԴҵҪ˵ö࣬ٶҲҪöࡣ
ԼǮеûĶһЩ׼۸תָС㣬Դϼҿ϶Ҫ
֮⣬˴ߣ˵ʱǮֱӸյҲԴͷҵգֻҪͬһ˻𳵣þүүŻһ𵽷򣬽С㡣
СصĺһܽԼǾͺˣ
Ҳֻѣ˿ɱԴҪƻˣǮջֳԻ߷ʻͷɳʯͷ벻̲ס룬µɵؽҲҳԼΪ硣
Ƕ죬ֲ˽ĸָǰ𳵣׼𳵵档
......
һֱ׼ŻͳƱѷеزȫһ飬ʮǮΪǮѹСϣ꼸˵ĻƱͷֿʼˣǱ̰ģòˡ
Ϊһԭ˵ڣʱһȥ̽ףʵ׼ȥһµģҲ֪һҿ϶ôļ٣˵ȥڴҲף˭һػҡ
һֱĵʱڻվС棬ôͻһҽ£ҪҪɴͳô˻̯ƺˣҪǲͬ£ǾʹӴƲСֱӺСϵһͷϹҲոһǧҵֽһֱڼ壬ǮúãĻܳŵҪǸʱεġ
ǰգһѵ꣬һСʱһԾϴɨأ񽽲ˣڷܵòӡ
ɩӵʱڽļѣŻһҵĲͣظɻĽС޶ˣ˵ȥԼǶѧһѧӪһȵү
ֻЦЦѸĶ̿ûرˣһҿ϶Ƿͨȡ½ġ
ȻϣճԹãڿȷ磬һҾͰԼʱ齲ˣԭ˵úһģ쿪ᣬҪǰߡ
գȥýţƱˣһʱôһ¾͹ˣ
һҲû취Ϊٿͽһ·̣ͷҪĵطȥ
³ʦҦίһӪн칫ңһҪߣʡܾʱѡȥμӣΣգǽؼʰСȥ𳵡
°ʱ³ʦҦίֵ˵ȥ񣬹ʮֱܴ꣬ȥ׳
Ҧί˵˵֣֪λ쵼׳Ĵ࣬׾ͻܽûĻ죬ͻкϢ
һң£㲻׳ֱ˵жϡȥһָ³ʦЩĦȭƣ̣Ȧִչȭŵĺ顣
Ҧ̫ˣ鲻ͷǻǺԭһ
³;û˼ƨô궼̣̳ɸˣ
ǣһѻȫһҰѸոһ顣
Ҧϲվ˼ͻһ˵ϻһȥء˵Ǽһʳ˳Թλҹж˵껰뿪ϳ
֪˶Ŀ㱾£һһֵġ
سȥƵһ£СкҦҪҪҲҪ˼ͥ
³ʦ֣ȥСǩźͳؼ׼ɡ
ǣһҾ
ȻһҳȥҦҲ£³и˵׶ĵ籨Խ棬ԽǼԽ׺ݡ³ǶԼˣҪƽͣô궼ˣǲǣ⻰˵ָ
³и̣ЦЦҦǾӣСˣϣô꣬˵˼ңȻǲһ
ҦҲԡ˴Ҽƽϡ³и̣֪ԼᣬͰС֪లŵ˼ȥס¶Ĳ
ҦϽ̣ջ£ȥˣҲЦЦ˻񣺡֪ưֽ㶼׶Ҳ߽ϣôû
³˫ͶҦסҵĴûϵˡΪԼİ˱⣬ԼӣҦҪЦЦضҲ¶һ˹еЦ治Ҹ֪ôϹһӺУ
˵˵ǻ˼ôͳϹˣҦϱ˵վЩʱ䲻ɸɹ
³иһ̻ңͷѾվҦϣ̧ͷЩٻϡķɣҶˣҲ뵱ʥˡǸʲôӲ˵ʳɫҲ
ӡȡ壬ȥú֪Ƹ̼õġҦϵָָָЦЦͳȥˡ


102 
һʵЩ벻׽Ϊʲô, ĹϻȥӻǺúõڼ, ôͲˣûܺҶ, 춼ûɫ
Ѿһҹû˵, , һȥתأŪֻǰȥƱƫƫСԼӻʧԼ, ׼ͻȥ, ƱģڵͨѶٶȣѰŽ顣
ǰŪýѡ
ϻػһҪһ Լڼ, ǵ˯ãֵΣ, ׼һʳΪʲô׼, һһﰵﰵʾ˼, û, һֱ·ϵôСġ
һﲻζǰһ, ˼䣺ôͲҵĹʱİ, , һܾܾѲɣ
⻰˵ãһ˵ľ͸ըˣΪͻģȥҲӵ鷳ԼҲһĿӣֲ׿ڣΪ֪һʲô̬ȣжϣСǮҪˮƯˣԭ̽һĹŪ붼ˣһӾޱȡ
ǱԼǱԼԼɷѵҪָ³ʦıĹ𣿽ԼҲ쵼ܵɷλȥӳɲ飡
һҽһһ飬ĻûҲСˡ
§Ż˯ֻ˸Ӱ
һӺ뱧ڻǰȥģһϾҪˣ㻹ұһ𣿹ԣһ¡˵ֱӶ׾ա࣡ڡ
ıۣǲӦ
ǾɩҲǾɩɩӾܿԼİ˳ţôͲܣһ죬Ҫô˵챿ʶֺĺȻһϣһϸ֦ĩھֱ㶵ذ˸ꡣ
һҹ˸ϳţʲô
ô˵ľɩ裬Ǻأ
һһ䣺ȶ׶ˣʲôõĶ㣬ʲôԴһ׾׵
ǣӾ˭ǵʱ࣬Ǿͺ˭׽˭ýڼңģһתͷҵء
һңô룬Ǵʱ࣬һ˴ǻ죬ʮĳ̣һӲҷɡ˵Ļһֵ˶ûУôܲ
֪ڼҴûʲô£ɺͷȵʱҲûŰϻ˼ϣһһ޵ذš
УڼһھӴ֣ͷ˭ȥԽ˵ԽԽ˵Խƣһѣ
˵ӣһ̾ˣģʵڲУٻ쿴裬ʱһ㣬ס죬ɲɣ
ȻɣٰǾ͵ûˡ·ݻҪѧǰˣȻȥѧһζȱšһѣˣҿɸ㽲ѧһ죬ɵøұܿˣһҪȥѧ
һֲˣսҲûôôҪأ
֣ôܲȥѧ˵ˣĺӶаȥģȻװ˯͵졣
һ廰ʮǧԶˡ
ô˯˯ô߸ߣ˵飬СܹܡİϢʱܵúϸԼҲӵĳ˯ʱߣһƤ;Ĳ
£룬ҧ˻һҵֱһڣô˵裡
һһ£Լ׹⣬֣ۣܶ˯
͵ЦԴֲСҧˡܵܶ˯ˣ˯⹫ſɲϲϲ˯С
ǸǼĺóԵ⹫ſкøˣһвϾͱ۾ﻹҪ˵Ҳ˯⹫Ҳϲ˯Ĵˣ
ãܼšɰСͱͱһҵȥ
һΣѵƹˣŻ˯ĺֱԼź죺Թ緹ҾҪˣ治˵˵Ļ
˵ʲô㲻˵ľɩǸ˵ȥҲ£Ҹ˵ֲ˯𣿡Ĵģȴû뿪ǸĻ
һҳˣҲˣ׵ˮ˵
֣İŴƿ˵¥Ǹ˵ķ䣬Ҹ׼һԵģɫӱôˣͲùͷԲԵϷ
һںҹЦõ⣬֪᲻˱ýģ޲ڽһ˳ȥҪȥطӱϡȥһʡǵĻҾȥϣУǾͷֿ
ʲôڡ֪Լʣ̲סʡ
һû͸¶飬˵¹Ǽδ˵ɰڴһ̫ˣҲܴ˵ȥ飬ҦίǸϵĴˣҪҦί˼·ߡ
ĸܵϵĳأΪһ˵ǰ;ʱһ˶ˣǸոЩ첻ЩɢˣԼǿҵĿ
ʲôǰ;ûİȫҪ˫§סĲӣˣ
İɣ㲻˵Ҫʱ̰ͺӷҼءΣԻһҵ֣ܴãǳԵСͷ۰ˣǴ¡
ԭģԼûͻһ£һҵʱļƻҲЩĲ˳£·ߵʯͷ鷳Ҳһɽѹ˲ܶ˵˵ᱻЦ飬˾͵ȥӱܲˡ
ҿ϶Ҫصģ˾·ݻһѧٻȥ͵õȺٻˣĸȻʮ࣬Ҳܳڲ˼ŮԡĹϵģܹλ˵ĸͰ⣬οҲӦĸÿҪȥ
һͷǮ𣿡ߵǹˣֻҪͲûԼǮ
ںڰеͷġǮһ·صûġ
ǼĴȫȥƽƽ㶫˵Ǹ»һȥһҲЩܣͦϲļ˵ģܰļͥΧδйᣬϧ˸е
ţĶҶˡһˣûǮĲϣдգֻڻϹʮ죬԰ȫɻһͷ߶Ŷߡ
һû˵ǮžˣŽĵıȵЩ˻ǻһأ˿ҷѹֵҧſڻһϣ۵ϷҶ緹ˡ
˯һùڵϵëҲһ£ı˯Ҫֱһ£϶ͷ˵ʲôҪһء
ڶһ磬ĻŬۣϴѺҲ𴲣Ҫȥͻһҵڡ
һģ˼ŴĴлۻƹϣн׼ôʳ֣ϻһ˭˵ϱûһֿ˻
ĺͺӳԹ緹ϻһڣСȥվģͬеĻһսѣ³ʦҦίû
Ӻͻһұһ£ԼҲ֣Ļ𳵣˯ŸϾܵ죬Ҫǿ췢籨ϻһҾ֪ˡ
յ123Ҿ֪ڵˡ
һ֣صͷһӪСᣬճ壬Ҳͳʮ¾ͻؼˣ
СöˣѾûôˣֻʣĽҦί˵öԣǵÿʼˣϱȻӪͽɩӻ
˻һңʧشӻؼңֿʼһֻһˣֻ۾Ҫźӣ̣̾Ӳ̫ӣðգһŪӣһӶҪС
ҲĵǣҪȥ⹫żˣҪڼ֡
˼ֵʱ򣬽ǽҵֻЧģӶЩ
ǽҪԷҦ˼ֵģŻëд˼֡
ҦͳЩͳƱݸģҰֽ춼ڼңҪ鷳ˡ
ûƱˣУԴ±档ȥ档
ҦܵڿŽĽ˳ҪĴ֣ȥժƹϺ˽
һ¶𣿡ҦѲϴã˳ڽԱߡ
ʡ棬ʳԽԽãһ빦ɩӵģһ빦ǻһҺӶäĿ޿ġ
Ұֺͳ̷ƽôûأҦýĲϵŶȥ
...ż꣬ô⣿Ĵһ£СӽҲʮɣûͣ£档
ҾʡҦ඼֪ԼΪʲôʽֻʶƵĽᳰЦԼҸɡ
㶼˼ҽˣűء˵ǶòѽҲûҷСû취˵̫ϸΪе΢Ҳû취˽⵽
κһУǱ仯޳ֳϸڵĶи᲻˳˵
ҦͷһΪҰͦϲ̷ƽģԭǰСˡ
ĶסԼķˣҲ...Ҳô˵ǣϲ֮⣬пƺָܣ־һɵˣʱԵøУʱԵüĮİĶӣֻҪǵõһͺá
Ҧʲôֲ֪ô֯ԣͿͽЦҰֳ˵ҪģǲǾǹ֮󣬲Ųͳ̷ƽõģ
һһã˭ѧأİõһùǸסϴϴ֣˵ѧУжˣ
ʮǺӶкĵʱгҲ֡
ûûУҦе죬˵־˵֣ôˣæ֣ѧУǶˣåΪ
ġ͡Цкӵͷȥ껹ûôأѽСǸˣ֪ôԼѡ϶ԼɣڿǾͺúó㶮һ졣
Ҧͱȥˣû˼˵ǳ˾Ͷˣʮ˻𣿻˵ˣʮ͵ǹˣ
̷֪ǸܺõŮǼסʱûٸպóԵİɣ̷֪һݲˣҦίͿüΡ
Ҧ͵ͷóԣһóԣ⺢ӾҪ衣
飬ЩӵģķԼЩ˵̫࣬
Ҧ˯ǰͽĶԻֺõһ𰸣һʲôû˵Ҳе㣬ϾûбŪȥǺˡ


103 
һȻǳȥ, ĳţǰ˾ԱСϰæȥվ
Сһ͵˻Ӫң׼˫翸, ˫, ﻹӳ, ɩÿػ, ȫǴСеģΪɩҲ
ĴţСϣæ˸, ͷļ·, Ҳװ󣬱ԹģһԵ, תˡ
ԭĲ鷳СϣԼվ̨Ͽס, СϵþǰСģܣܵȥ
ǰ, Ѿö, һ뿪, Ҫ͵ܵǣ֣ﻹ, Ԥڴվ˵ʱ, ס, ʧɢʡ
ͬһȥϣԼܵͷȥĳСϲע⣬ʣµĿڻվȻ
ͷԼĶҲһŴǶˣ󣬾˳ְ˽ȥ
ϣСϳ棬ڷ˸źãϧһͳʳһҹȣֻһģͷƵȫԸ
˻վɩӼ߹ǰˣͷţɺͽĸز
Ŀϣ£ܡ
СһվñֱǵȳǿҲûʲôĬɿеһҵӰӡ
磬С˵˻ˣƱԳΣûҪȥĵطСϿͺӣصţȥᣬѹˡ
СҪǰæܾСϾһĿбӿӡ
Сվ³˲࣬ͣʱҲֻʮӣץ쵽ʱԶԶͿһģƾɾɵˣûϳ˼ҵǰϳˣǺüûϴϴͷκӣζС֣ǰᶫŵͷ
гԱûǣ־Ͱѻ˵˵С㣬ͷ϶ȥ˸㣬ǵøһʣȫ
Ĳ죬ҲЩţôҲңҼӻ
Сȴ˵һǲעĿһԶźӣžװʱʱҲ֪ʲôͷ˹ע
϶Ȥ㿴ţ۸ҶдͷˡָָֽСҶŵģɱˡ
ҲǿǿĶҪˣСô˵Ľ࣬ͷһдÿԣģüССмʮΰ˰ڳܻӭİڼ϶࣬...ҲǲҪˣ֪ˣġҪʮҲûǮˡ
ֳСϵķһ£Ȼûתͷڻվжȣ֪Է϶ֻϾ˼ض˽һۣ֣ˣǵøһһǮ٣
ıȥĶԼ滹СϺӣͲҺ˵̧ͷһСѾֻ˸Ӱվĸȥ׼뿪վٻԴУǺоĵġ
СϣգǸϵˣɩĪڳվһİ˽˻ҲûʲôһСϳɻӪ飬תͷȥˣмָлȺ֣һǲǰԼģҵľԱ
˳Ȱѳһ룬ֻͨһֱֻ۵Ŀռ䣬ȥûȥûм䣬ͷ֤ȫľ롣
ҪʮҹĻ𳵣һξռ죬ƫƫֻӲụ̻̂𳵿̣׼ԼĽȥ
𳵸տûãʣ裬ո˭ڽѽ
һɿͱɵ塣óˮǺһСڣҲƣǧˡ
͸⹫һ𣿡ͶǸû峤˺øУΪԼóԵĶġ
ǣ͸̵ۻԱһûãȥġ
ô̵Ҳʡ
ΪƷʱǷǷҵģĲô˵ˣΪҪؼҳԷ
ҾͲپˣͨͷ棬ֻҪһؼҳԷǾ͵ܻؼңϴϴԷȻɲǡ
һ·ҪһһҹŻᵽһվ˲࣬ĴֽƣˣһСĵĿλȥ˯ýŸһ£˵ûû֣˳ˣ۵ûš
ĵĵһҹʱʱҪںڰۿӻڲԼߣ˯졣
˵ڶһ磬ʹȥϴϴ˰һЩһЩˣȥһˣֿʼϧˮûˣҪȥǰͷĳˮľʹСβһȥ
û뵽ڳϻˣˮҲڳϣѵгԱͷ˳֣ŽЦһЦк
СĽ壬ˮĽڳᣬôû㣿
Զءû뵽㻹ǸС쵼ءΪˮˣĿýĺиУܾúСں
Ҫȥ̽ףˮʣ̧гԱɢȥȵȥѲߣȻǡ
Ĳ˼㹤ˡ
¶ˮѾüˣ⻹ǵһ˵ϻȥװˮĵطװˮֿճĺӣ֪Ӧɷǰͷġ
ǽڳ𣿡ˮָָǰغ󱳱ŵĴӣȫˡ
ûУ׼ȥҰͼˣһ˴Ҷİˮšãÿë̵ӡ
Ǿǻͬһ·죬ˮ룺ǺȥϢǸ
ĸôˣˮ¶Ǹ־ԵЦ£߰ɡӲӣ㲻ۣӶˡ
ͺ⣬ΪмˣҲ˵ǮԶͦġ
ҷ˫סĵ֣һһֱ󣺡裬Ҫ
ˮ뱧ƿˣЦӻͦá
Ժǿɲǣͷģ°ѻұϣǾ鷳ˮˡֻˮ磬û˵˼ҵĴ
ˮվͷĳȥгԱϢÿ˸һСһСһС˯µڶˣͷˮĶϹ·ϷˮϵһűͷһȥСͷһؾһ˵С硣
ӽȥˣµˡ
Ĳʣˮ磬ססĶ
İɣҺͬ¼һСˮгԱ꣬ϰڻϹҹѾһ֣Ҫֵͬ࣬˯Ƕ˵ŽȥԼƷ˳ڵطͷֶǣʹͷҳг˹Ҫ˵䣬Ǵ¶İɡ
ļ˵óϿңлСҲɰ˵ллˮЦЦŶˡ
ԷʱˮҪҪǴȷ˿ûóԣйͣӶóƱӳԵģСллˮ磡
һ·û׵۵ӣȫˮշ
ҹǰУһƬڣҶ˯ˣҲۣѴ˯Ȼһ춯ˣѶһԭгԱ˯ۣòˣڴߣſ˯ˡ
һűһЩѹ̧ͷһһͲ˽պöİֵס۾ǿ֮û˭ߣͺһ˭
СãҡԭˮѲгԭһԼߣǷԼϢø˽ˣ˸Ƿ˵˼һûӦԭһߣ˯˰ɣ˯˯ȥڡ˵ŰŹϣǰһķȥ
ˮߺ󣬽۾󾯾£Ϊ˭أſӼ˯
ڶ죬Թ緹ˮ˵飺һ˵طոͬ»˰Ͳˡ
ռ˼ϢĵطȻܱԹʲô뵽ʮˮƽ㶼ô˰ģ
ˮһЦô¶
룬ʮһ˴ˣտʼҪһվ˰æ̧ڹûôĿŵڻվߺȰˣˮҲԼˣͰԼ˻¶˵ˡ
ˮۣһ£˵ҪϳǰţЩ鷳ҲܽĻҲ
ˣǻ鷳ˮæţһصͺͺ˵һƽʱˮǮҪúȥ
ˮЦǸЦСϵϡ
ùֵֹģ˵ʲôͷһΪһߴˣͰ׵ԺҪˣҲ֪ˮ᲻Ż
ҹſ˯û˯ʵɼ䣬ͷжΪڶгԱϢ䣬˽Ҳûû⡣
峿ʱŷ˿˿ϸ紵ŹؽʵˣԾûټƽϣܣװԵĴװ֤ڱϣһ۾ܿףûжöĶԼͷĻҲûжƺû֮
ĿһȦԼϳⲻŪӣȫû⣬ԼͺӻϷƴ򲹶ľ·Ϊ˲ͻ
ѵˮҲԣȫ֪ԼĶ̰ͼʲô
ûʱȥҪȥҪ˳ˣ˽֦˵Լҹ¡


104 
粻ʱ, 𽥿ǵһ˵㣬ˮ˵Ѿ˰æж, ˳, ˳ʱ, ٰȥ
ĵͷ˵, ӰŻ˵óϣˮ˵һۣͷߣͬµȻ, Լȥæˡ
ˮߺ, ҲתͷıӰһۡ
ǱӰסϵ˸ᣬҲذûſŲŲϵİ, ˿ͷΧҪϳˣѺǣס, Ķˡ
ͣˣһı, Ͽ, ѵشӼϳм, Ƴ˳, ͷҲ, ôǳ, ӹƱôӵˣһֱ˫ֱסһ졣
˿յϣİѺӷ£˵ͷ·ͺӶ˵䣬ߵרŹ˵гԱǶŶԼĶ
վ³ϻ»˶࣬˺һֵһװʮӣװŹƷǸڱϻɫԵۣԼ⻹޴
гԱŽĵĵӵǡˮҲͬ´кͷֽһĺӣǰȰᵽվ̨ǰһˡ
иͷģ׳ֺһƷ·ܰѽĸ˸һ֣˰ᶫ
Щ𣬲İؽ磬߻ҪŵĺӣֻܴһȫȻµӣվվ̨ϣֺǰڷЩ
ͷĿһ£Ҳû˵ʲôߺԼĵְ
ľͺˣˮˣһڵصĶʶˣԼʲôҪʣ˼ҵ·ʶ
ȻãˮҲҪ׼ˣøŻһֱܵյվͽĴкСã˶ŵù˾ʹӳȥԵûʱ䣬ǰ㿴С
ľͰ֣вУҵԼšлˮһ·չˣмֱԹ˵ԭ֪˳ϣȻҾ˵ˣʲôġһȥ֮ǰҸңҲ֪ڵĶˡ
ˮһ¶Ȼ飺ֵܶǺðҲܺ˵ˣҪˣпվ
áȺúù˵ͷͺİæ
ˮϳ𳵿ߣǼҲ½뿪ˣľʹǼľϣмռɽΪ˼˭Ҳ֪ж尾ǼҪǸӣ޲ˣҺǸվҲҵ쵽̶ȡ
¸վСվҹ˭֪ٵĵطᷢʲô¡
ʧߣûмƻã̫ˣǵ취ֵǡ
˼һŮ˴źӣǼľϳԶˮǰģôණȥĶľ˵ǸλģԼͬλģسȥ˳Ӻӣ鵢ˣһܵ
Щһȳ˽һӡ
ĺһƽͷС̸СҲ̽ףĲͬһõȵߵ࣬СǴģڳԷˮҪǮ᲻ã͸ɴվˡ
Ŀһ£ʶʶ֣֪֪ʾôߣСӾ͵ͷļǼ˲ڣѸٸдֽչȥС˵ҷ籨ʾֵĻңҸһǮȷѡ
Сһϵ֣Ҳûʲôرݣ絽¸վһȺſ˯ŵСԼһѶȷʵ߿Ƕһ䣺㣬ҰһˣһǮ
ԣ籨ҲҪһǮšͷǮĴӶͳһǮСӣҿʾֻܸ㣬ûлͲУҾ͵˽һǮ
Сؿڣİɴ㣬ȥȥš
СܳȥˣĿΧȳˣվڲι̵ϣĵ˻𳵵վֿǼ˰ᶫǽֿһ
Ǽ˻ͽĴк˵Ǿͷĳء
һǵɫͷػ֣֪ˣȻǿ𳵽վˡ
Ǽ߿İ˯ŵĺ§סȮƵĿܣϸɰĻֲľԱ
СʱƽͷܻģﻹһոдʾֻĽӹӣ£һǮСˣһֲ¶׬һǮҪǻȥͺˡ
ʱòװ㣬𳵻û˰СʱĵȵòӶˡ
𳵽վ죬˯ĺӳѣһٵӣĴˮﵽˮǲȻҲø裬ǧܸİ֪𣿡˵ֽ˽ӡ
֪ˣôˣСҲԼ¹£ճճýġ
ǼˣͷǸҪǮͲһŮȥҧˮ˵һ·;תˣͷͺҪǮ
Ż𣺡Ҫ٣
ʮ飡ͷĳŽ֡
ģˮҲʮ飿ˮ
ͷĹȻԥһ£ǼһŮ˴ӣ۸һ̧ˮͶһ¡
ڰҰȥҸ飬ԵģֵܴҲˮ˵¶Ŀˮе˼ɣԼҲһЩǵͷߣ˸ģܵ
ƽͷСվԱߣ˵˵㣬飬ȫȥ
ĵؿСһۣô֪ˣ϶ǳפڻվģԳɱأڻӲϣĳĴйɨ˵ı߽ǣð˼⣬Ȼȥһᶼģµǰǿѵʲô¶Զ
Ŀɿڴ˸ûȤ󷽣ôƱ䡣
ǼҲԶСëû룬Һ⣡ºһѣƵ£мֺ£Լˡ
ĻǺͷ˵ôǮɲɣҶˮˣʹ㡣˵ĴȻһ֪ϸģ˫ڿĵȷҲץ֣ץķʹҶץѪˣ˭˵
ͷЦһ£кֵǸɻǮԸͷ
Ȼһʣȫ˻ᣬĴгԱõӣһ鲻ԸǮͷġ
һ̳ᣬӲ˶࣬źӺܿϳˡ
𳵿ߵʱſڴڣţĻһ٣Ҫ⿪ˣŴشһմȣһתͷͿ˫۾붢ҸոչƱ˸ˣֻڱϾԭȵҪһЩû޳Ҳ棬ոյ˭ôô׶
裬ǻ𣿡ĴŻҿüӰڶԺ˻ѾԼжϣǴȫǽžҪĻˡ
ֲԼľݸСģǵĶͷǣֻ˵ѡо˼弸˵ھǡ
СİŰɣôûʽģϿԱߣ˸һϲ˯ȫһ𣬼ȣŲһŲУϾ˯ţҲϰϵӽ
ſʱ򣬵˵һ䣺ԺҪøһߣѧȭͲ»ˡ
Ҳ˵ԣ˵ҪáǳˣһȭרŴˣ
еޣΪԼĿ־αװúܺأû뵽ĺӶܵˣӣףĻжˣûǣ˵οԼ
͵ǱȻϴ裬ĻǴȥϴּ䣬ˮǲ˲ֽŲҸ£һϸɾ·ԽϣԽˣ۰컹ҹһ
𳵡ѵǰΪģʼ˯ò̤ʵµĻ˵ɱ̳ǵģǳ˿̳ͣĶеͷĵλҲʶ˵վ˾³
ôõĻ𳵣ʵ٣ʱʱššԼֱۣ㰾һ˵ҹ峿һСվͣ˻̳£ˣûҿŵܵܣһܣԼڴС˯һС
ʱͣվǸСվ̨ٻһ˳ҹ죬ܻصվˡ
ؿûˮŰˣڵ籨С絽ģϣСϵϣϲԼᣬҲǲУǵ÷Żҡ
ͣ£Ȼûվ̨СտյֻиССֵҺһĵ߸ӣˮضûУþͺվ̨Сոյվ̨˶ӣйӡ
ûҲû취ǣ³ȥ˳ᣬϵӽ⿪Ա߸һ˸Ȧ뿪Ȧ˺˵ԼϾܿ
Լһһһһ°ᶫ˵ѹˣֶֻƤˣгԱȥ˰֣һŰʮľӰһͷһĺĵгԱллһǣͬ־ʲôдȥǰ칫ң쵼㣡
гԱżǣЦЦÿһźģҲΪ񡣡
гˣվֻʣĸĸŮˣԶиֵңͷԼܿˣǹԱĿ˿ϵƱõȵϾŵ㡣
ûһҪ򣬽Ĵûˣ̫Ҳ뿪˸յأǿӣý
ȣСվ̨ͷĵطûУó·ͷϣ͵Ƕˮѷ˼ĹóӳԣЩڣ˵һҵҲã·ٻң治ôȵСһô죬ǻ˺ö˼ȥء
裬Ҫȵϵĳܵ⹫ż𣿡ͷûϴͷѾһһ縵ͷˣĿ˳ְۣǱ裬ͷͣôЩ
ԣ͵ˡľ͸飬ֽԼôʶģ·飬ʱҲǲϲء
裬ϲˣϲֻϲףһ˫ճСֱסĵҲȣˣС컹ͦ
ұȵܻܵҪϲ㣡䣬̫ºͻҳҾͺƣ۵ĽĿЦã⾫á
裬Ǻ⹫һס𣿡ˣͣʽģǶΪǸһסСԺӡ
סдԭҲǶסǳͲ¥һһվ˶ӼûţԼҲϱ˼ˣ״ɩ飬ֻסһ죬ɩŲҪסһ£һӣǿɾ̫ˡ
̲ס룬ѾԽԽҲԽԽЩϸµɷģҲӹ˵ĸܣǶõˡ
̫ԽԽٽȵʱ˶ЩĿ˿Աߣһ氫ǽ̫ƣʼе̶̵Ӱվ̨û˿ͣǣȥǶӰ£ʮ׿ֵɿ᲻ᱻɹˡ
ϵʱ򣬸ˮ̳һʱ̫ѾҪŲ˺ôһˣҲ֪СôӵûУǳʲô·ҪԵˣ
һӵ籨Ҿͬ¸Լ˽ţͼ˵Ҫȥ·ûʰ罭ӻ˵Ҫһȥģһתͷ˾Ͳˣ׷׷Ĳӡ
һһҹĻ𳵣ӻ³촬Ž³ոϵ򰴻𳵵ٶȵһܵӺӱ´ֵվûгֻܿȣһ··һ·ܹһСʱµ̫ǳ·ϣͣͣ£øһ
ۣЩߣȺˣˮҪûˣҪȥĶװˮŪΰͣǺȵˮ
ͻȻվʹһݵĸӣ˫ַϥǴǽţסǰվϲغһС磡С磡
ŴһС硱ͷһŮ˴ӣ⣬ֻСӰû߹ȥľǣССܹˣ磡ң
һûˣȻƽдŷ籨·ǰмʵڣһ£϶ģһ£ȱ
Ҫ裡ֶֻƽ
ӶĽ̵ͻһң˭뱧Уֻа׽ǣڼʱһҺͽĳձȥģǿϰˣͲ˱衣
С˾ˣķſСĽˣҸ磬Աһҡ
С˾ˣ̧е
˾˺ãָƵģҾ˷Ц
˵Աһ£ҲɿƽС̧֣ͷЦݸ߸塣
Ǹڵ绰ｲľ˾𣿡ϳ˽һ˫۾
ԣҡǽǵܻܵҡԲԣ£ЩֲͷϵĻҳͺһЦԺġ
ǣǻ/ңӳſֻ֣ͷģ˼ǣ˾˿Ա
һͺãþ˾̫ۡŽ⿪ԼϰסӣСˣͷˣСȥӰȥֵûˮ
ֵװˮһýȣһСĺȣ߿һͺСˡ
Ӻ棬ҲͯͯģȥԺƽƽһɰݶˡ趼ϲС˯Ŷˡұ뱧ڽˮһҧǳָռС˾ˡ
С˸ķԵģһҺͻҪأС絹ǻ庢ӡ
ЦЦã͸綼ڣӭŻӭĺӣҲֻм˲ˡ
𣿡֪ʲôʱĻ𣿡
áǶ˵Ҫȥվ㣬ֺʹ绹˼١Ҳ£ȥͲʱ뿪ҵģ˺һ󣬵Żһǰ˵ҪڼҶ˺öԵĵء
ķĵ¶ЦݣôĻ𳵣ɫãȥɱԽǣֿʼԽΣԶ޵Ůƽ涼ѣҲãðˡ
˵úþСԼܣ˵ƽƽƽڿʼѧдˣҿɩȥѧ
ΪʲôʣԴȻСһɣ
ɩƻˡЦ۾ͽмƣ˵䣬£˵ûҽ͵ˡ
ĵЦݸˣǺ¶
ʲôǻˣ汦û֪¶Ǻ˳һӻ𣿡
㶼֪ǻܵܵģﾭɩ˵Щʱûбźӣӹ˭˵֪ǻһҪССģϧ˵ϲôСĺӣȻҲеܵõġ
֪ȥƻң㻹˵ġ
裬˽˹ִֽңҴӽ߸״ߺͻ
ͣ£ˣ㣬˵ˣƵܵܵ𣿻㣬ܵܣܴԴ
мƲסһŹӰѻͷһü˺üȥҿɲˣһѿӴƨɣһ磬ǽһңҹֻ֣ĺá
ˣЦüۣھƽƽһûôֵߣң㣬Աߣɫ£Ҵ֣־СҲͦõģǷˡ


105 
ǸСվ, һֱȵڣ˵ȥֵװˮ, רĵȳ, ӱɹһ, Щû, û˾ͱ˱˯ˡ
ֵԱи·ƣ·һѵķɶ꣬СҲ࣬СվΨһԴ, ö˻Ǳźӹȥˡ
ó, ôôŸҷ籨ҿǰշģһյϾͳˣøһ೵
ľͰԼε˵, ԭһҪģ˭֪ʱ, ȻҲֻźӾˡ
Ӫ֪£΢ȣСÿס, ô, ߻Ҳ˺ö, һҾȫ֪
ûϸ˵, , ֻû׷ָо, һҹƲµûҲڵڸ֪λ죬ϵüϣͰȫ̹ˣȥģҲ
Ǹˮʶ𣿡ʣ⼸˶ɹģˮǼġ
أ˻ͦ˹ĵģ̸˽ΪΡͺǺøǣΪҪίˮмæתͺһظ֤ˮǣͬһԺﳤģŵùˣͬȥӴˮġ
İԼһ·ϸڶ˵ˣԼĻɣϣˮϢ϶һվǼżֵİҵʱ£˸˰æ˵籨
ü˼ڹֵһʱι״İҲ֪Ϊ˵ͷԵĶοСһŮӴӣô˶Ҳ֣úܶԣ֪Ҹöм
˵վѻĻҽģԱһҵЩõľһһʤޣڶ˿ʯͷ
Ĵһܣ鿴Χֻͷ·ƣܱ߿տе㶯ֵи˵˯Ҳ˿ͣüð̣˲ܵĳɳе
һö˶ܾѣһ˿˭˵лֻսʯͷרĵȻ
ʱ򣬷ء죬ķ·֮ļ磬ǶѻǰͷȥŻ˳һڣгͣ£ֵҵŸ˼˼һ£ѳ˿ϳͻȥ˯ˣʮ²мֲЩˣȻԼ˯Ҫ
İŪѣԣϳ˯˯ԺˣŽߣֱϵӡ
ʾ˳Ʊ˵˼ûгԱ˰̣æӣ˵ǵλýģһܳ붼ˡгԱҲףҶеλˣȻ뱣סԼḶ́Ͱһѻȥ
Աߵվû£żȻڻҰһҹĽһ˴źӿ϶ú£ҺڼˣСҲԱߡ
гԱǩ˻˵ӣĸǮӹӣû⣬ͷڰһѻ˳ϣǼϳ
Ļ̳ƱӲָгԱ˼ǮæгԱǮдӸһƱһ̳ᣬͷ˲࣬ҹ͵վˡ
˳쿪ȥƣɽѹСæһӣʵڶסˣЬҲûѣһ£ڴ˯ˣһ˯͵˵ڶ糿
ͷ̫͸սﶼ⣬ܿŵĻҳšͷһ˯ڴϣС绹Ӳû˯ţ۾ˣӣ˯
Ĵϴˮ緹һ۲ע⣬Ϳóһ֧ڽϻŪЦԷǣ˵ǿǾ˾ˣ׹Ͼ˹ǲż˼ҵڶ͸ɻ£Сľ˾˴ƨɣ
һ˵ƨɣǴγʹĽѵͰѱǽɵģ
ɰѻˣİϸֱԼȥҪѾ˾ˡԼҲ˸վǡ
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ˮ˵ŵ˳ҪƵһȥʡУ˵ҪߵĻûгҪʮ֮ˣ˵ˣƵˣô£
պгЩʱͣһСվһæȥѽҡѣ˵ƺˮ£һʼ˵ۣˮȻˣΪĹϵ·Ŷ³ȷʵû취Żؼҵġ
ǻȥҪͣվĸվŵ졣С磬ÿͣʱǶȥ˳ῴţǿǧǮĻǼ˵Ļ棬ܵġʼղģִչȥСҧ䣬ƽĻػһЩҵƷǸǳǳɫܸܵľ䣬۵ġ
˵أԼҲϸһ£ǲˮ۶һĴͿǮȫͷȥϴ˸ˮˣȳվԼȥţСúڳϵ
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Сӣǰ·Ǻܳġ׳ȿˮļ磬һǰ;ҪԼȥȡȴʡ˺Ǿ䣬Ҫǰ;͵ȡᣬ·ͿҪôѡˡ
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ƽͷΨһŮɷأڸԸĵطţ˯ţڣ˵
ءǸãȻĻһѾȥһ̿ʼǸһҳϵĻһңĶʼ
֮ǰ޳Ϻݺݵش̼һѣ޳֣ȴľͣҪ֪ϢӰ飬ߣҪߣȥ羰ȥᵱϺͺһԼҲܸӺ·õָ·ˡ
׳ͷ첻ߣõ飬ϣ飬ȥ׶š
£ظ³иҦϡһ뿪֮ǰ׳ܣ𣬾˵ȥ¡
ǡһӦ¡
ļ磬֮ʱѾţǵȻͷϴЯ¥׼緹һŷ͵ȥ·Ǹ٣֦ͷʧڴС
һߺиʽԶ˴һ߳ñסԴ٣ϲ˭ˣһҲתɽУʧˡ


107 
һҴ¡Ϫ, շתһٽǣҵʾ֣ķһ籨, ˶ٷ, ¾, Ϸȥˡ
Ѿ˺ü, ӹÿɣæźӣҲºܣͲ¥Һƽƽ˼, ϵһ¾, ܵܵغ罭˵ģֵݶҪʹɩЦǺǵ, ˿ûоǿˡ
Դӽ󣬻ûôĵ, ڼ¶ҪΪһ͵ãȻŮ˻ǲúá
ФӴȤк, ֪ڰɣ
ӲǲԼ, , 飬ǾǴ翴, п˿
, Ǽ, ҶؼˡİｭĸճУʱʱ¥̽̽ͷӵĽͷˡ
ФӺͽĸ治ԼһС˵ȥ׶Ҵ򿴿𣿡
ҡͷûмƻ
һҿܻҪӣĲ뻳У뵽˳Ѳ¾ͺ£οôСĺӣռپ̥ʮ£϶ģҲܰ
ĸֹ⼸ҺϵܣʼǣһǵһӵĻôƫ֪ء
˽⽭ĸ뷨ֱ裬İɣء
ʱ̫Ҫɽʱ򣬳˶Ҫ°ؼҳԷˣңԾӹ¶ú¯ӣղæñͷ˺һҼˣһٷüˣͲ¥¥ССʩչǼĳãִֿӰӣ˵ӺãԼͻһҵļˡ
еǣѲԼĹѡ
ƽƽ¥Է˿ãϴù¥ºһְѳԷڿںá
裡裡һȣһͷһΣһͷ˽Ļ裬ҲҪӣҪ߲ʵģ¥µͷ
ںͷܳĺһ˫˫ȽʵˣҲԲˣ裬Ҫϴ
ٴȥȺ͵ܵȥˮϴϴƽƽһȥĴӣѷװתͷһĸϰĴ˶ˣԷ
һǰ϶Цֳһţϣľ֪кϢˡ
յգС˵Ҫѻɢȥͺ˴ŵùֵʱֿ⡣
ʱֿǺҵĵطרԶһСƽطƽţֻһװţⰲ˰ѴҪֻԿף˿ĻǶǵŪ˾֪ɡ
ΧסˣԶһҲͽǰѻɢÿ죬һɢȥϾߣ첻ܰɿշ
ҲһôҲвһ¶ˡ
ǰͷǼζ˳˳ģΣǺü˶ڣҹ˯һҹ¶
ҹڵķӾ˻Ҳ֪ôģҹ˿ˣʹţڶˣʱֿͷģұˮһʱ䣬ܱ߼Ҽһ˵ƣΨʱֿһƬͨƣͱʾûˡ
Уȴǵţ˸ϽСıˣ˯ŵҲˣ˴Ҫȥţˡ
˵ ֻҪԼϣͷǿսˣҲܳȥ֡о֣ҧ˵ģ˽ƴŲҪҲóȥ
ڻƲסڸ˱ѣˮ𣬻ܿ챻ˣʼûյһͷһǵϣ˵֪ĸɱǧģһѸɲݶǽͷŵһľͷӱţĸ˵̣ƨڲݶͷŻģû˵ˡ
ͽ˿һţͷ֣úսȭͷСüĻֻ䣬ֵûע⣬شĶ࣬˾ͷ۲ˡ
ģ˵˶ˮĻ֮ţһ۵ټҲ˼ֻɣˮΣ˵Ƕ׸һҲΪˣԹ棬ΣҪѻȫɢˣ
ҹʧչȥͷޣϸǸŮ˺ͺӵĿƺʹǽǵĵطָǽ˯}ûš
ҪͷߣʲôӱӵװŪ
סҪ֦˵˼Ҿ͵ǿţ
һ¶ǽǣԼʼͷˣˮ
ʱ˺һķҹèҪдԶ˵ţǴĵط˿ʯͷƺ˸ʲôߡһǿͣˡ
ͺͣڴߣһĵͺߣèģо죬ȷʵ˶ˣ
һҹ˶û˯ҺòװԱߵ˼û𴲣½ʶ˰ԼõļǺţҺûһҹ۾ƣɬɤɳƣƢ꣬ԭ˵õ˻Ǯ
һ˺üˣɢ˳磬ͷû·
ʱиİҲͬļǺţǽͷӦţ˫Ҹ£һؿһģһĵˣ˸ơ
ͣϵĻľģµģûһֵģſǸİˡ
İûͷô࣬ǸߴСӣųֵĶһ˵ֵܣż·ģΪǼȫˣʸ߶ˣ谭ǣææ
Ѿмʶ˵ı£˵ţ˵˵Ŵ򿪣̧Ҫ˳ȥȴ˲ץס˵죬һѳ˽벻ͻȻ֣һĲȣǰȥˤ˸࣬ʱĺ¶һѷĲ񵶡
ŹӶһã߿񵶣Ʋס죬廨󣬸ˡ
Ҳм֮䣬ҧ˽ֱۣƲסؽиͣ˭Ļ룬Ҳ֪϶
ĵһҹĺӣһŭռķݶ˱˶ϣһֵϵĹӣİ˱ϺݺһװŪ
ƺһڵϣǺ죬ͷð˵߶߲ˡ
˦űҧѪ֣סˣȿ϶ͬ
ƺƳüҶײкݶҪƵľ˿̲ס˸
ɢûп죬ͽ֣ǻ˶Ҫ˵ȥ֪ͨˣͲô
Щ꣬ô󹷴ӺȥǼûûˣʲô
緹ʱ֣ôǴ˳Եģ˵磬ӣ·϶ùˣˤӵģгײȵģмͻȻµġȥˣǲҪǽˣø졣
磬ӣǲǳˣ
綼˳ôò
òǱӵ˲鵽ˣ̽ǰɣ
࣬Ҳ²׷׷ϵĳʳúصǮǣ±˶ϣ±ȥ͸ģûһ˳ǻһĴ󹷣ȫܹˣټƽֻʣˣѰӵĺҪȥҽİ˳
ȴ˵ǵĻɢòˣľӣȫҲȥǰѻᵽȥͷ¼ҡ첻о͸죬šȷʵˡ
ǻӵѣǻӴͺһģĻ
˸ˮ󵰣̵ĿãǴѧУͷǸСľŽȥȰ˵ͬˣ
ţѻľóװڴʹⵣصĻԼһӣ˱·Ƶȥ˺ᡣ
˺ᣬǰѴӲڴ£ȿˮ
󹷵Сǣŵô죿
äѹϣûнźס֤ȥ´ɱصϣʮ꣬ûôҹӣȥѸɻ
ȴҡҡͷǵץҪȥ͸ĵģʵܲȡѾ¾ģ¸ˮûйϵ⣬һҪϧԼǰ̣СǣУա
һתӣǰ˲죬Ȼųȥ˵ˣһûģû˯ѣ͵ˡ
Ҳ˼άߣ˵Լȥ
ԡǵС˵ʱˣǾٶ࣬ҲһѣѾôһˣӦͷģСõݣκܸߴ׳˶ȴһֱû֡
Ķأ
ͬ϶Ѿ֪ǿˣǻ취ǵġüҪŪĶȥĶòˡ
ѧУиص˿ɵģȴͦϸڡ
ѧУﻹУѧɡֹҲͬ⡣
ΣߣһУүүǰĹ£˷ܣû뵽Ҳõǰ˴ӴͷŪҹڣС˿϶·
ǻǮ˯ϵֵܻҹĸĽҰ롣ƻã֮ǰӽ⿪Ϳ컯ˡ
һ£ٳٲͷɫһЩãͬ⣬Ҳֻͬˡ
ҹǰ˴Σ˸̶ӦǶεģ˰İϲһ˳ȥ˽ߣһСҹߣҸط˶¡
գǶϢֶߣûмʱȥû˶ţѵˣ
ͺԲ˵ͳ˼գҶΪΪ鲻ãûȥ鷳Ǹİ˵ͬ֪ôҲһֱûðͷˮҲδҡ
ȽʽҪһǮСʣµĿʱǲǮóȥʾָιһŴƱʻͲǷծˡ
ˮгԱƷգôкһ˰Сʱҵˮˣ
ʣϢ˼ϤˣˣѺͻĻȫˡ
һ˶󣬽ͽĸԵһǧٿ飬С׬һʡ


108 
ˮ, ҺͺԼú緹˳ԹӺͽĸ¥ȥߵС, ˵¡
ʰ, Ĵɩ, С˿̨, ĻͣĻҪһȥ𣿡ϾһֱмˣҲϵˮһйϵ
ãҺһҵġ֪, , ˮͺСǷֲģҪһ¡
˵Ŀ˵, Ҳɿ첻
Ӵͣ⡣ٲǸֻǰСˣ˼ʶ, ֪Ҫͷ꣬ʮ󿴣֪ڼûû, ÿ¶ʮǮ, ζеǮڡ
ôУͷ, ˵ͬ⣬һҶҪѽŵ, ǿһϱ, ͣ, Ǯ£Ƿֿ˵
Сã⣬㲻ͣǾ·ӡҲ׬Ǯˣһһ٣ϰ࣬һ¿׬ʮ壬֪ҪһǮķʽҪģοСһֱû룬Ǯ
С磬˵ҡէһĻȷʵЩ᲻á
Ͱ⼸鷳¶˵ˣʶ֪꣬Ǹ壬Ҳˣˮ˻ߣˮѾֵΡ
Լ䲻һʽĹְԱһֱܵĶǱץĽ̻壬ʱ͹ضɣﻹǺìܵģ뵱طĺˣպлתԱҪŻûУԼ
ξԩˮˣҲڣܵΪԼСô㡣
ˣСΪԼ룬ҲΪǣǼֻƣЩϲ̨Сһ»ضͷҪǲ⣬ԼǻûüȵһǧٿǮصԤҪˣͲԥͷС磬ͬ
ö˾ʹ˵ãڶ罭ȥˮԷ֮ٺͺ¡
ϰߵģٴʣС磬治ȥ𣿡
ãڼҺúôţǻҵĹˣͱ̫࣬иءſ̨ϣ¥ھǣźǱϷĻЦԼҲһЦݣмȥһ ģ
ԱߣС磬㿴пα飬㻹ڿ𣿡
ڿͼһ𣬽ܷɣﶼͣͬһƪ£ǰڿ˺ܲһ顣
СãҾұһ㡣󣬴ʮȷڲǸδûĵͷࡣ
ҲЦǾͺãҪһϵģһһ㣬һҲҪҳҽ
лᣬҲȥѧ硣ʼ˾룬ԼԣҪñ˶ļˣҪˮЩҲûȥСá
С磬ġ⼸죬һһεظÿ˵ı仯ֻǹȥһѣÿ˶ǰߣÿ˵˱仯
ҹ绺ȣл㣬Ҳпŵʱ
磬гȥӽ°࣬ӪˮԷ·ϻͣһ¿ھȻôĻ
û룬ˮҪֱӡ
һӪ꣬δţˮӭźͽֵܡ
ֲЦˣҲûٷְȷģͽֻܶ¶Цˮˡ
ˮ˴ͷһСԲԣˣһߴ׳˶һеȣмּ⣬Ƥڣƴֲڣһǳͷػġ
еǸڻ·ϣˣҪЦЦضŽ
׳˶ǸͲ˵ˣضСǸͷ
һۣϾתͷˮȭָףˮʲô˼
֪ʲô£˷ŭΪǲˮʶԷȰ䣬ϾˮСѣҲֵĲ졣
һǸеȵ˵ôһ ǰڶǳԴԼˣ볢ͷζ
һӣվԽŻˮһѹֻ¡
ˮȰ͵ӣҶֵܣϻ˵
֪ԭŲ̽ǵͬǰʱһ˪һ䣺ˮ磬ôڻ˵˵ͣ
ˮЦͽӣ£̬ҲǷŵˣͷǰѻûȫŽ£˵ʲô¿
˶սȭͷˮм䣬ڹӪ궼ܴˡ
ˮ磬ڵʲô磿ȻǴȴ𣬡ҪǣҪڰ·ٵò񵶽ݣֶζ߳
Ҳûһѧղ£
˴ЦЩ޼ɵ
ذѾҪվˣסһ֮ǰˮͽֻܷŵֵ̬ܰܵϢ
ˮһ˿ݣܿͱЦͻ˵ﻰֵ£Уæ⿪һ´ҵĽᡣĺ֮ڽֵܣȶپƣ¶⿪ˡ
󰢶ͻӸˮǸͷơ
ܾס׾Ʊˮ磬ҴӴɿͿʼһ磬Ҳ㵱׸翴¶Ĳһ£ֵ߶һ䣬֪ʣʣзݶ𣿡
ǰˣ뵽ǰǰǸſ񵶵çϣѾüˣûˣˮ˵͵ġ
ҵǽֵܣصġϡֵܣھǿɾǳʬˣȻûҪĴåֵܾͻЩ˻ĻҲãҲգ׬ǮС
Ȼһ磬͸ӡˮԸƣͲֵűˣ˶ƯŮˣǮƣ˼˵Ҳ֮顣ͻֵҲλˣҲۺʱ𣿡ȻԹԵ칤ʾˣôأ
ܸ˵ˣͺЦˣˮɲĳ
ˮ磬˵λҲавٱͲף
ԶԶԣҶˣ˵öˮ˵Ի˭Լͷֲϴɴϡ࣬ѵˣȺһλ⡣
ȴû˵֪ԷҪǸÿ˵ϢͺҲֵ֪ܰ˶Ķȥˣ˵ȫ⣬üˣһ...
ͷĽаվƣ˲˵˵˸롣һصվƣֱ˦ͷ
վҲûţվҲ
пڲ˳ԣˮҲӣǳǳһڣ˼˼Ļôö˼ģ
ֵܣôҲһڣˮм䣬Ǻǰ󰢶һģ
ӣ˼ҵͷϴòˣ߸߾£͹ȥˣСõİΣҪ˼Ʊ˶ֻҪ˾ƣĻź˵
ǽְѱӷ£ʣȥãǻô
СһŮСĺӣ¶صСվ̨ϣԷˣ׳ţʱϵ롣
⻰һʳϾͳĬˣ˾ǽѨ⼸ǵ⣬ǻлתأ漰ˣǾǵߣ̣Щںǰھˡ
ˮɵϣõŵ£ȥĻӵļ磬˵޹ʹĻⲻû
ɽ֣ܿۿ⼸ˣǰѻմˣǺͻͷֵֻſ񵶰˿ˡˮ磬ȥĸĸһ𣿡
ĸˮĸʶһǹϵھӡ
仰ʵһζûˣٷͲԡ
ˮ磬㲻ǸǻôڻϲأǸԼ˲ˣȷСڻϼ˾ˮ
ˮŶغɫѱӷ£ô˵ֵҪҼƽϵˣ
ɫãԾɲڡ
ļֱͦĿбӣרĳԷûԹôóԵһٷǽһˮ磬㲻ڼң¶ӦţĴθõǮҲûġɼĲ󡣡
ˮϾǸĻˣ˵αߣ϶ЩҲס
ǺͽͬһĻϣû³ΪҪ˳ߣʮĻģɵĶ취ѻŪߣⶣ˺ĸˣǽ磬ˣ۸Ů˵ĵǶġ
ƫƫһһԴ͵ʴףǰ컹Ūһˣ죬ôҲţòˮ棬˵顣
ˣԸķ䡣
ˮԹԺһƾƣҲ˵ˣæʻиֵȥĶ
ˮҵĺˣԭҡ󰢶ţΪʻˮ˴ֶԽ˵ӣҷģҾûӵ⡣
㲻⣬ܿߵ𣿡¿ӣСøӲ죬£㸺㻹ǵСǾ𣿡
ͷƣˮֵǵͷˡ
ˮҭסʱ⣬һ˽СõɷǸӪ˵˻ϹսѪͻȻһӱͷϴܣ²ѡ
λֵܣǷģˮ硣Ǹͷ׳˶վŽϹǲöǵĻ˴ǣǻиֵĶȲģɴվֱʡ
һۣСöǮСãͲͷ
ʱǿˣˮ磬ˣҲ˵ˡ֮⣬ԡ
ܣˣǸİվҪõһǷ֣
ޣڹϣֱѱˤϣ˭ˣүүõ
󰢶ںĻֻ֪Լֵܵ䡣
ˮȴɫһûкˣͱСͥѹһͷСԺĴǶСӴл۸
֮⣬ܱŪǮƱҵ·ҵֵܶĿף֪ںͷ⣬һͰѻȫˣĿľΪ˰ѷת޸ˣɢǮĿһɢ˾ץϹ
˵ˣ˵ƾ޶֤ˮջˣЦӣһߣպ㣬ӣҪ˳ضġ
ĲУӲոջϴָвˣ
Ҳʮ£ˮ磬ҪǳˣܸûйϵҶͷϡϸİùӵãŽԼڴ˵ҲСģһ׳ܻ꣬𳵲ڼңҪʱʱǹòİ˺ĺӣö຦¡
ˮ͵ؿ򽭻ס죺ң
㿴ˮ磬ǶλˣҶҪ˵ġصزԼ·˵ûǵĻȷʵ䣬ö˶֪ģ˺þáλֵһǾˡ
ͰѵԼѻˣ
ˮסŻĻ۾ĺݶɽźͽмƵȴƽúܣˮͻȻЦˣЦЦᣬԱ˵۹ⶼˡ
ӣ̫棡ˮֲˮִ˵ļ򣬡£Щˮһ£
ˮ磬ҲˡҪȥϰ࣬Ҳˮپȥ˵Ѿ˵ˡ
ҲҲǣѾվͷˣˮҲûǿˣźߣ˵֪ҰģҲһ䣬ССֵɣһһ˶ûӵҴԴа󰢶תվæţһ˸ʮϰ䶼⣬ʱ춵ȥģҲѻʡȥҪɾ͸ɴģ
⻰ɧ˺ýĽôСÿθƵģ䣬ʮѾˣòģ
ĶҲԴӦԶͱ߾һ֪ȫŽСмϵתֵģֻǸǮͳˮ˵ˣҪǻӲҲеĥ
ɣƫƫʵʵضҡˣˮ統ֵܣѵܵ飿ô˵ӺͽСá
صֿʼдϣдһ룬ֽ϶һһ±ֽϵƬ̣ˮͺƻ¶
ȻͷˮĻ˷ܵسתӣҾˮĻе
гϾ˵Һþˡ
ˣ˵ʲôö˶˵ģǮﲻ׬
Ϊ˱ŽĴǼվģеգοڹ֣дϵʱ򣬶ĳĳΪҽֹͨƷ͸ļ꣬һգһ׵ϣܰ۾Ϲ̤һ
ЩûȤҾˮ˵еЩȥҲ˵һ˵˵Ҳͬ⡣
Ǯ׬˵ͲŽСҪ˵
Сÿ϶ͬ⣬Ǻаյģ˾Ҫ飬ɱˣźһҪƱģ̲סһˮʮˮߵһʮ䣬Ҳȥɱˣ
ɱ˭úԼȥˡ
л˵
͸ϲˡ


109 
ջ, ڷˮ˹˵ˣҲ£СúӶƽƽվǰ, Ҳľ, ʧ, ɲԼİȫȥðա
С, һˣôˣĺ棬ÿӵˣ󵽵ôˡ
һңôЩС, Ӳذѻ, ֻҪ֪û£˵ͷˡ
İһۣ㻹Ҹô˵ôǷᡣ
ЦģģŶԼ򼸿鲼, Ư·Լ, ˳˵һˮ£ˮ˵Сüࣺ, Ѿؾ, ͷ, ǧСģ컬սȥˡ
İ, ѾҾùˡˮвС, ٰǮҲ¿Ц
ǾСС, ĵǺ
ͷеţԼǮҲԵÿԼСطסʩչֽţе¶ڸݣ뿴Լߵһ
룬ֶҽúͶһסһҹŻԼڼСģܡˮͱܿţ˵һеһ˵
ĵͷ֪ˡڣȥĶҲȥشǰͬǣ߲˶Զģİɡ
ջûգľʹȥ˳¸շС򸾣ԷǻһҺֱӵýˣûг¸շģǾ鲻һˣοһһг¸շһ磬ôȥ˼ңʱĴϻһҵʺͼز
СϡؿӣĹ㣬Сȹӣ׾ĸСӣЦ۾ģ󷽣ۣС˻һңһڼұúýŵк
ɩֻƤĶӣҪŮŻֲſɴؼˣסǼң򸾵Ů˻һѾµľͷӣĽضԽ˵СŮúãֻֿɰġ
ûлɩӵǵһмõɩǲ֪Ƥʱ̡ܰЩɫӶҲãֵۡ
ҳ̨裬˵Ĳԣ⹫ż֮ǰֻ˻վˣǻܣѼһˮƵ顣
㻹ǱִƨɣոջЦĻһܵܣϾͺ˲˽Ľ̹˼ҪòĻ̾Ͷ
СôЦӿɱǼӺˣ˵ôһ㲻
¸շ涺ŮӲӦ˹˹ģС˵ģ
͵Բ۾ǰһ壬ֿģԴ
Ĳ̫ϲĵŮӾӦܶҪǰѻΨΨŵŵӣԭԼЦЦĻıӲ˵ͦõġ
һõĵ֧֣С˦кͻҴһܵ˼
Сĳ¸շĸ첲˼СǸһϴôӡ
¸շЦҲǣҪ˵Ƿ޲̺ӣҲöȥָ̣пһһͦҺ衣
ݷù˳¸շɩӣ齻Ӧˣ͸ͷˡ
ڼҶסգͦģס·ʱЩƣŻһҺͼ飬Ҳ֪֣ûȥĲ˵ؽˮмµĻҳƵɨһˣ˶߶ؼңסдˣдһ䣬ϴҲ鷳Ǽ·
ĻһֻǰӸε籨ͷûˣҲ֪ϣȵ˽ģȴֲ֪˵Ķȥˡ
ǹһ˵ʱ򣬾żͿĵƬ¶ɵЦ
ͽ˵˻֮󣬽Ͳ¥ţ׼쵽ҽԺᣬȥҽ͹һˣʱ̫̫һء
С˵ˣҽһֱŸͷǿץֻ֮񣬵ЩɵС˵ϰߣôĲǹش㣬ϵϵĶӺ鿪࣬һҽüƱ˲ѾĶӼĹȥ
ȥʱûӣȣ˼ǼڼҴԼɿƣĹ԰ǰߡ
һֱͲ¥ͷҲûǰȥк͸˼ҺͷɦɦͷЩò⣬֪ô˵Сá
⼸죬ȥˮĻʵҲˮ壬Ļ٣ɢʱİޣ
üأǽаֵȥĶˮԱ߹ƣûס˵ˣͻ˽ֵܰǷǣһҧǲ
󰢶ˣ֪˵ġֵܡǸʲôģˮǽһͨ˻ΪǺͽֵܸɱˣҪƴ
㿪ͷ֣Ҫ׬ǮˣֲҪûǵûǮȥҽֵܴ˱Ķˡ
ֵֻˮ˼ʮǮǮϴȥֵܡ
ˮûɣȥʮǮİ޷ģܻйҲˣҪܰѺϴͺ˵ҿ⣬ҪĻǽСмáͻӵ壬Լ룬СһԴ˻ɢûлӣǲָܷࣿ
ЦЦˮˮ磬ҺȻǮҲ֪ǸֵܣûţҾ׬Ǯ⻰˵ĲãҲ˵ˡ
ˮҲ֣ã͵ˮҺ˵˵װײ׬Ǯߡ
Цǰôˮһأ
Խ˽һˣ;Խ˼ϯ˵öԣ˶
ǰߣ̫ģϰϰ࣬ҲûˣС̵˶ͷ˯ȥҲһԱ̫ɹû񣬹չһʱͻȻͷϻһʯͷҪʯͷҳȥͿź乣۾Сãң
磡͵͵ҸʲôҪһ·иӰںͷΪˮǼأŪĵģ
...ⲻǣⲻ˵𣿡ЦǹӥҲ
İʯͷֵס⣬£ٸҷʯͷԴҳɣ
Сã㵱һ࣬ƢֶǵýôҰŮôؼô󣬻ʯͷˣţ
һҪǰͷҽԺȥ˸Ӱվţʵ֪Ϊζʲô¶Ͻ˵ȣ
룬ҲĨˣǻӵãҲãСãˮ飬˵˰ɣ
ˮ飿˵ļ˵ӵ¶¶ĴҲЩˣˮ˻ٴκ굽Ǯ۶˰ɣ
Цӿû˵ôֱ򣺡⣬¶ɲˮǻĻˡ
Ҹ˵ˣ˳ôƾôơĺͽѾˣǲᶯҡģȻҡҡڰڲᶨֻпɳ֮ƻŽᡣ
СãСã㽲ڳԼ粻֮࣬ңӣδǮеף߳ȥӣ棬ֱĽˣ̵ʲôô˵ÿڸ룬ǼھסͲ¥˯ֵǸдǷȥ𣿳ľ壬ʲôûУײƵġ㲻ǣһܻǮͲ¥ķӣͻǮһһ˲ֿס𣿡
ٴŵˣûСߣǸǷӥǣ۲ƣֱͨͥıעĿֳˣҪɻڴġ
ôᣬطҲûȥʲôУϿļƻô󻷾ϴ£ȻܳƷĳΣ϶Ǵţð˸ˣù˵
磬ˮȻ˵Լгǻᵽ߾ģôԼȥջļѾˮǡʮϰƻҪʧȥˣһ䣬ҴϢЩڱ߾ҪӺƱֻҪϻ˼Ǯȥ϶õôͷҪҺҸȥһأ
һ¾ͷӦˮʵҲðա
ôģ߻ǺעģһϱƷץˣǣͷǽģɢǽͺԼѽæλĶһЩαĵӣƵϣ
ʵҲԣһ뵽һǮͻȻתˣǱס۾ǽĴĭƭԼһ졣
ο˵ôĺôô˵һأ͸ĶƵóǹӶİһ̯ԼˣûҪαûҪ˵ģĺС綼ðա
СãҲ˵ͣͣ߰ǲԸͣ룬ǮҲˣˣο㻹ҪԲԣ
˵ĺ򶯲˽ģڼǷǳ͵ģҪͷҲûʲôģ࣬Ҳʱȣҡͷ磬ʿɶֹҪˮҾףǺˡ
ߣҪǵˮͷƲԭһһˣǮپǮ٣ǻߣ¶ȥ
֮Ϸ˵û˵
ĵͷ룺ҿǿǡ
ῼǣǺǸе㱳ˣܰ˸ܣСϽģһǰ壬꿪ˣ϶Ҫչͼж༸ѣ
⻰ľ΢Щ˵СһŮ˼ң϶ȻӸ˵ҲûܴǺ͵Ϣ
ĵͷ֣׼ͷߣ룬ֻͷ˵磬Ҳˮǣߣ˵ƲãԼȥһ˷Ǯ׬𣿡
˼ջɢڹ֮ʱ֮õͦ£
ʼЩнСõǿƣЦһ£УҾô
ֲСȽҪƻö࣬˭ѣ˭ֵܴܣ˭ܸôܶ˷ſ̶ȣˮǶ˻˼ûʧ·ϵµҲˣܱ۵֪
Ҳȥˮ⣬Ϊ̫ˣСҪõϣǾͲˣƲˡ
һ·ҽԺߣźĻҪС磬ǲˮĺģҪʱ򣬹ҪſͺĽ飬ϧˡ
ҽԺſʱͻۻ۰Ѵóɹﳱʪ·춼Щˮһ磬ĸŮͰѶóɹ˯Ż
Ա߽һǺܿĵģ̫̫ۻۣ
̧ͷֵס۾Цѽˣٰѱãûۻ۽ˣǽ̣ǰȹˮġ
ƻۻۻǵ۾Ĺ簢̣ؽˣӷ·ûеһ ˣãҲõķı䡣
ɿİԼĶݸͻۻۣǷģġҽ˵ǼǰԹȫɿƻۻǰǶûôԹúܿ
лл̡ۻʼղһŵŮҪӹĵĶҪͷ裬ȹͷͬˣ˸߲ҽӹ
Źֲ֣ڣǽڿ󣬲֪ǲǵεСҹͻȻ֪ƣͣһͬʮٸһҽԺɨӣŪˡ
Ǻ֪㣺ҺҶϵˣڵؽ˻飬˸Ůҵˣ̫̫ϵЦĵģСϣӵѾһΣܻѾж
ϲ̫̫һһž۵ģİѻ˵ʮֿ϶֪Ƽʲô꣬ѧٻسûģ㲻ܻ˼ǰ϶ġ
ллˣ绪ѾûһͨͶŮپޣдӣʱʱţԼϣ
Ķݣʱҽ칫ȥ˵ЩʵԼҲһʹྪŵӣҸͬ࣬˼ҵĿʹأ˵ЩȫǸѥɦˣ̫̫⼸񣬽ĵһЩ̫̫һңԵˡ
Цݣ˵ϻֶǼȫûеˣͲˣΣƩ糯¶ȥտࡣʲôһʱһʱġ
ĶЩЩһ֪⣬ȴûʣЩڶ̫̫ͣҲᶮġ
ȥɡ˿ָ鷳ûѼΨһһ׸⣬ֵ˽ģĺܸټ㣬лл㻹ǵǡ
ĵǿ׸⣬۵ȥˮˣ˿ʼʶˣѵûܵüһ
ĽŵʱֻˮٺڣɩϢң׼ǰֻĸͼӵʱ͹
ʲô鿴ſиӰ߽ͷڴë£ƻͦͷû̧ˮͷŪе
ǡı֣Цпǰһ飬üһӴģҪ̨ˣλϰ࣬𣿿󵨣
һëҪ...ϵëߣһַҪվ̧һһ£ȻŽгٽ㣬ˣ
ˮͷһʲô¶ôСֵģҪˣмֲͷҲǣڹˣˣػۻɲٽˣϺ˶Ƣ˵Ҳ
ٽ㣬ѽˣ鿴ź˷ܣС۾гһˣѵشӹ̨ＷֽЦһΪЩ߽ɩһʮܻһˣɩǴزҶ̽ˣ
Сĵط飬۾ⲻ˫̥ɣ
˶˵˺ü仰ˮٲŴͷһˮŽҲɶʱģôأ˵Ķ˫̥ԸͣһܳʮٷԴĶӣô࣬ʱ̥󲻺ң
鷭˷ۣˮٵĻЩˡ
͵Цڣٽദȱʧƽ⣬Ҳ֪ɩڼз᲻ѡ
һˣˣǡ𣿡ĻǸŵӣ£ǶӴøƵģ·һƣ˵Ĳѣʲôʱ
˵ҽԺҽ˶ӣ˵Ƶ;Уǰ
͵ӰԺȥ·ݴ˽֤סڽԺ鲨סǸС»ޣͣ¾ͻ˺ӡ
ߴߴ˵Լͱ仯˻м˽鲻öˮȥкˣԱ˵
˫ַ˦Űֽţ͹ŸӣӶҪϵˣűֽһ£ѱֽҪȵҪиȡ
һԣƿˮЩԣǼͳأҵʱҲЩԺ鲨ΪˣԴѧɷԺ鲨ΪĽҲϡ
ȻпҴǰԺ鲨ˣģְӪ˳˭ϵϵһ㶼СԼǸˣһģʲôȥȡ߶䣬˵Ʒ߹۱¡
һɷͷ£ǲ͵ӵͷǵסȥҪģƴĵط˺ӣӣ˶֪ô˯
ſѾʼϸˣ̶һʱ䣬ıԸ񶼸űˣǰɲ˵佭ģɩ˵㰮פؿຮҿ㵹ûôԭһԲ۾ƤãɫǰҪá˵ţЩ˼˶òã˵أദ𣿡Ҳ֪ʲô𰸡
Ůע⵽һŮһеģԭҪһЩֲô
һֱڽ̻ÿƷԭ֪Ϊˣȴٸӭͷˣò˳ѧԡ
һΪءûش⣬ΪͦõģԼ֪Ͳô̼ˡ
Ҳֻһʱ˳⣬Ƿܻҵһʵദʽģ˺֮䣬Ҫĥϵ
ͦģҲ⡣ҲӲ˲ͷȷʵ°ǰͷӣԵõģҪǮһֻҪҪģüͷ壬ֱ鱻Ȱ䣬ָֻ˼ԭİ裬ǿ϶ҵɷҵġ˼Ҷ˹ǮҼǮƱĿңôõɷĶȥ
˵˵ż̽ļǶ飬ɾûˣǽһϷʿ飬ˣþհ
Си˼ϸʮ˸䣬仯еģǳҪӴ䣬ȷʵȽѡ
°˵˺þõĻĿʱ䣬һԷûͲ¥ȥȻˣ˿߻Ầµġ
ȵͲ¥óһµ籨ģǻӪġ
²ӹΪǺһƽĵ籨123ȴдˣ12305Ϳˣһң
05ܺĸ˻ˣһĿˣҪ·ؼȥ


110 
, 󣬺ڹſڵ˵СѾͬ, ԭһ, Ʋˮ, һ, ˵Ѿҵˡ
ջصֳҲûͺϸģ˵Ȼؼϴһˣ˵, Ҳһʱ, ϵζͬˣɽһתɫͿ, ˽СãСüȻվһͷ, Ͳͬ顣
˼Сøպڼңͼھ˵¶, ȥϴ˸, ʹ˸ɫ, ľͳˣ˳ָͷë, ѸոռĻ˵ˡ
˵, ֻ˵ῼǡҡͷ, ͽͣҲ¡
裬Ĳ㣬󻷾Ҳ֧֣ʿɶֹǶԺ˵ģҲԼġ
ˣץһ˿϶ܵĳһؾ͵ðѻ˵ԺԸмְգȫˮġʵˮջǻ͵һġ
˵ǺͽĲıϣˣҪŵ겻ٶ׽
Ӱ𣿡ĲʣСڻǸʽ࣬ܶࡣ
ֻԶһճѣӰ첻󣬺οҵĹҲǿġúܿҲмƣϾôѣǸߣ㿼ǰȥ𣿡
ʵΪˮڻ죬ȥֵܣСǰ뿪ֺˮ˳ײˣ˭֪ˮʲô
յһҵĵ籨Щ̫ʹ죬ҴţͻȻöЩζˣԭдؼ壬ڼͻһĻỹЩ
СĽ飬û͵ͷˣ룬ѵóһˣôؼ壬Ҳ̫Щһϼڻûͨ𳵣ܲȥʱүүˣҲ֪ʱڲڡ
С磬ܰҿյĽ𣿡ĵȥǣȥʶʶĴгʲô
ЩΪѣ룬˵취һ꣬ʶ˼ѵġ
һգûĻȥæŹֵ£û˵ȿ˵ܽܳˮȲţȥҽģͲ¥£һʣСãǵˣ
СǰҴοСҲ˵Ժһðѻ˵ˣǾˡ
⻰ۿɫһЦģЩݣͲ¥£ڣĶ֡
ããõúܣԼڴȥĹϵȴˣˣߣֻͷָָŽģ˶ɢһ˿־ŭ
룬ǰˮͺˣ鷳ǸϽؼȥɡ
Ƚؼңֺ£˵ģģóյĽŸıŽţĵתһȦҳĽţ˵ص㣬ճһ顣
ϣĺС˵Ҫȥһôĳпһ˵ãһ·ϣ˵÷벻룬͸żһҪŴˣܺİ˵̰İ˵Сˡ
һҪ뿪죬ȥĵطڴǲϲ⹫żңǴ˶ʮ죬ؼˣ˵иĵطǵĺľͱˡ
ĺ͸ĸɩ˵Ҫǰߵ£ѻһҰ˳˵һڼǻȥҶ᲻ãҲ֪һ𣬶˵ȥվˡ
ߵװ󣬴ͽƽĺӣֻмˣ˳ǿȥǴǣö೵ᵽ˳м䲻תܵ
˵ڶգȰ˵ת⣬ʵڲУٰϼҵϵʽ£˵ǰˣɫֱˣӣڷҰ
˵˵˼ҺְˣǰȥСӲϣʱֲҲҪȥæûʲô˼Ӧ˵껰ȥ
ǺûŹһֱߣô£ʵֶԲסðӵģԼ˳ˣŪúм䲻ϲµģ˵ʵæͷȾƣú˵һ˵¡
ɺ飬û취׷ŽܣֲĳưͿЩȡҪýһ˵ѽĽл
⻰ѽĻҲˣ˵Ҹˮ͵ƫҪһû̫ˣû£»Ҳӹȥ𣿡
ģ⼸ʵˮϵǱˮˣˮܴӱܳʱĳЩԵ̽˵Ҳһִ̼˵󵨣Ҳ˵졣
Ҳ˵ˣˮǻҲ𣿡õʲô
һһˮأܱ֤ҵ˾һʧһʱˮýģͷһСÿɳԲ
ǰǺ»ģʲôóɣٴαܣͷҲⲻǲУѹֻסͲ¥һ˼һֻܵʱ࣬һСôƴΣʱܱ˻ӵ
ûеõԼҪĴ𰸣ÿʼЩڲԡ
Ҳû뵽˽ôһ𴳹һ׬ǮֵܣںȻǸϲ̨ųˣ˵ҲͰˣˣǵ˵ҲúֺСɵûһգֻŵ㰲ŵĹˣʲôϢҸ㣬̨·ߵĹʺ
ǹʺҲʱǿҽͺЦźȾƣҵ¶ʶίεֶЦţǶְĹ֣ų̂ͷȷʵ˵ӵģͷԼ۲죬һ淽Ž˸ȥġ
УȥܰʱڸҲӵͣݰתˣжЦţǲ֪в
ʱѾǵǷҪ£Ǳøǻ๥ʲô໰û˳ʽΪ˶ԶԷ֪֪ףĻԿ̱޷ء
˾ʹ˾ѣ¾͸̸ˡ
ԺŵԼĻڹϰдϣֶ֣¶ӳ˵öԣܵе㱾£ҲǱ£ҪŰӣ˵
ߣǳ׺ˮߣҲǿˮԼȥûٰɢУˮԼҵģҲ˼ûλֵܣɢڸط£ǰһЩ˻ֱʰû˽ĽȰ裬̵øˡ
ˮ֪ĵ˳һʼһ󣬺ҲԣˣǵǮܶһЩǰſ˼λҲû𣿾ͺͺ˵ˣ»سԼȥһٴ
Żһȥˣ˳Ļ̣̹㲻رɾ٣徻
ȥ·ϣӼ򵥽һУûĺһһ㶵ģûվͿʼԾԾˡ
СʦļҪ˵ļˡ§ӿŻ𳵴⣬𳵱վֵһµĵط
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ȥǳˣʹޣһ㣬


111 
ӻʱٽ, ĴȥڼƳ̳ռȻһȦҲ, ڻ, ۾ûй, İĴ, òˣ￴һ ȥһ
룬ǲҲôȥԴп۽磬С, Ҳܸе, ܵü档
дǽĴģרԾذԱ˽žͿһ¥ķ䣬׼תһȦ, ͻؼȥˣųԷʱ, ˳ļˣͼ˸籨߻һԼںͺںδ, ʱȥ, Ҳ֪һڻȥû, ܲյĵ籨ͨѶ˲, ˡ
»𳵵ĵһٷ, Ե嵭ϺС⽺ز˰, ҶڼԹ֣ģ֣ȱΣóԣĺóԣǳԵСӶˣǽĲó˲ͣ¡
һԽ˵裬ǻȥҲҪ
áİǰͲɾССԸһȦ
ӱ̵ŵĸʽƷˣڰ׵ӻƯѲϣװĺӣɫߣӰںǲҪĳֳ֣󾰵̬
˴УĻǰӸϵˣ·˿ź棬гͣӣЦģ˵ǣСӣϾǣŽĵ֣ѧСҽ
ǮʱҲкֺÿһСλ㿪ġ
һ͵ĹӪ̵ſڣİѺǴȥױԱվڹ̨ͷ˶ش磬һͲǱˣЩƲۣǿڣҪʲôÿ춼˽鶫Ҳˡ
ûԷ̬ȣһרҵķҵҵԱŹһ࣬Ѿϰ˸̵Įķ̬ȣԼ̵һܣͯװĵطڵ˴Լ˲ڼҲ·ʵѧᣬ°ɡ
ŮİȹԱߵȹһкСװҿͷŵȹӺ·ҪС
ۻԱҲûûԱеˣһ£ȹɲԴģŪŶ
Ŀһۣӹ·ȹӣڻϱһ£ȹˣһûұС׺ϲʣС˵㣺׻
ҵ·ҵʵˣĵûˣۻԱ˼İɫȹλļ۾Ҫֱˣùϱһ£պãҲûʼ۸񣬶ۻԱҪ
ۻԱüûô󷽵ӣ̣˸ҪʮŶƱǶʮţŪŶ
װˡͳǮƱ
裬ھ봩һļ·٣ոȹôƯģû޲ϾԣСҲаˡ
Уûȥϴɾٴʱ͵ܵһ·ȥ͡ĺֵͷ˵Ǹطк췿ӣɺÿˡ
ۻԱҲԲͷԲԵСûͦ췿֪ѽöСﶼȥŶ
ЦЦֱһҲ㶫ȥǮá
߼ãٯҪȥŶۻԱĸոˬ츶ͭƱӣ˵ĶҲô⣬ӣŶһӱָָٯͬǰģٯһƱӵӴ
лŶͷߣۻԱ˵ٯȥͷ֣иñү壬жٯȥ˵ҽģҲܸҺûǹ˵㣬ҪƱӡ
ҲüǴУһһĶͷǲЩϢģ룬طȥʣ۸Ρ
ȥ˶Ǽӱ꣬ӱֱϺƵĺŷģУ۸ǹҵƱҪö࣬ûô࣬ûȡ
ʹӵո̵ĺͷȥԣȻиñӵڣһʯϣû˵·Ϻ춹̶ţζıש
ĻһǮţζıשվԱߵӰԡ
۲ˣɫʮͷܵ͵Ϸ˳࣬㣬ͽСĲַ߲ͽػľͽͨȷ·ӣûв²ɣɾϴëżɨǼۣ¶һЦûϲʲôС粻һСǳģĸ˶һ
룬ˣҪֱʣҪػأ
ֱ˵裬ˣ˯ҲûҪôĶ̧ͷɫ̫ҪɽˣȻҹﻹҹѾˣȻд㡣
ȥϴϴ·ĴС˯Ѿ˰ʶؿʪˮεĹȹɵģҪĸߡ
§˯һҹڶȥ緹ԵûǶԣִȥԿ˾⣬ҲþûԹͿ͵ųͺһԵǶǣЦģȴеӵļįһҲھͺˡ
磬Ļȥһҹȥ⣬
նûг̯ŪͷˣտҲ
ֻǣȥ̵ͷǸۻԱۻԱϸüëһ촽Ϳõ촽ࣺѽҲ춼ѽٯôȥŶ
һȥ˼˼гˡõǺС򽻵ľȥģС˵ԴУһ˾˼ҵĹӣ˭øϽܡ
Ӵٯ͵õһտΧܣٯˣᰢ֣ҪֱԱƺͶ֮СɡԼýһҪȥġ
ã룬ȻһˮһˣС򽻵һףʧˣ⣬Ĵ󻷾ҲѹסƷͨġ
˹ָһӱľߺ˫ƤЬԼҲ֧ںһԸŸ߸ЬЩöָǮְԭʧˣûȥԵط
ûģִźȥһ˺ͷŪãûˣȻдҪȹˣǳģҲһʱ
磬ĹȹһСףҲ⣬̫ˣ׳ֻûƽ·˳ȥ췿ӳţˡ
һεһûڲԼĺģĴΧĻеӣ˼һܣĵţźСС˸ǳԡ
ֱֱۣߣ裬ͺˡʱʱʸС
ţţ˿˵裬ţ棬ϵ
ʧЦСֱУмֻһҵӰӣҲ֪Ķ
......
һѾϵ·ȥˣ۳Ͷ٣ڸڻϳԸݣ촽Ƥŵ׶žؼ壬ȥķˡ
Ӵֱȥϣһ춼û飬Ǹ깵ĵطҵʱ𾪵òǰϣǰǸװķ飬Ȼũģųͷ﹡ȫɹڵķɫƲñԱһͷţڳԲݣϢ
ǰһһ׳Լŵȥ˰ѵ˫ۿ³ʦҦίûжٿչԼĻᣬȴ֪ԼжˣԼʼûԶӣ˳˹ûϸڵĿͷɷȴ......
飬Ӧ˵ǷũҲ⣬˻һҼ̵Ĵɼ䣬뿪
һһҾͳ˴뿪ϣʼղףΪʲôôҪ˻ᱻҦί֪Щʲô飬Ҳ֪Ӻοʣֻð´Զ޽⡣
л˵
Цŵ...


112 
ĴȥǽߵĽ, ʴ󷹵꣬תţҶǸӲӵĴƿ۾գһ, Ļ͵
ϲ, ľʹ¥³˸緹, ǻӰ, ͻȻ˹ԷˮƵģСŮСʿĸоˣ͵Цǵôǳߡ
ӹʴ󷹵ȥ, һЩ, ƵƵͷǸѤõĴƣƽǻаʶ׵СֱлҲ󷹵Ĺŵƺиˣƿת, Ǹ¥ȥתһȦ, һ˫۾Ǻ㡣
Žĵ˵裬𣿡
˵Сÿһ, ԡûһҲһ, Ƿ޾͵ÿɾ׬ǮǮˡ
, óԡҲڻζϾȻҴ, ֪ǵļ, ͷ, 裬ҰҲ𣿡
ǵеɴȥˣҲ׼ѧ顣
ȥд·ϣ룬˳ȥһǸŪúͷûˣĺʤģͲŵȲһ򲻵һ
գ˵ԳԹ䣬ĻʮͷĽǰգǮ˵ַյʦϴʮĸǡ
ۻԱ˵ų֣ͽô죬ѵóһˣĶ׼ˡ
̯գǸ磬ش˶СԲñӣЦмʱĸоļһûԣԱߵСʯϣԼɨĵط̸
ûػأٯã˵жǰͷϸüë̵ۻԱ˵ġ
Ƕ׺ºͣ˽ľûҴţֱʲôֱС
˹Ȼʶģһ¡
ĵͷԣܿǰô㣿
ִ߽𣿡ĿۻԱҪܶ࣬ǸľͷӸ˾˫һȦٿϲˣҲϡͷֻһֻϺƣһֻϺƵڳģȫµģһٰʮǮȱĶʮҪƱµģǾɣǻǮǹ󣬾ˡ˵ģ۸ûһ
ҲῴˣŽĲ񱾵ˣأƾҪֱؼһ£ʶҲҸƼֱ
һҲǣϺֱ۸ɽܣ˵ҸʮƱٸһʮǮأ
ǮģƱҲСͦмԭֻǮȫȻҪƱҲ֣ƱҲѵãĻҪ˵˵˵ҪǮҪǮҲȱƱ
ĸĥ˰죺ǰͷǸۻԱҲܱ𣿡
һҧԲɿڣ̬Ȼԣĸо˺ºֿͣ۵Ķˣ̬ȣЩܿҲãϰˡ
ĥǷɣû취ֻͬ۸ôǮ
˵һ͸͹ȥ׼Ǯһ춹ʱݸҡ
ãչı⡣
СֻǸһľͬˡ
˹ԼһַʽסĵطϻԴбٵľ飬˸۶˵дһСӡ
ͷˣڽд
סԼϹŪˣ˼Ҿгִ߽ģǱˣһɱϤˣǵ۶˼ǰɶǸغˣûнҴģǺԹȥҽǳƱֲóɾɾͽѡ
дбǶԽиŶŶӵʱͳǶ档Ѹٸȷ˵ַʱ䣬Ȼȥˣ˿վ˵̫õĻ
ȥ·ϣ裬˵ʲô
ҲҲû˵ȫ
ͷҡͷ裬ǰҲҰ
㻹ǵأľȣʱŶ󣬶и𣿻пû˰ɣ
ˢǵã͵ܵܵһȥʱĶˢ˵ģͻҶûС
еԴףһһֱůļͥҲ֪һҼˢģȻԼͷʲôأһˢˣˡ
𣿽ĿŴЬȹӵĻǸһڻϺ˵Ҫѧд㡱ֵСͷһ䣬סˣӼǵӦõġ
ûôϸôһ죬ûˣ⼸죬ͻҶž޴ʸУÿ춼Ҫۻ۾ãʲôһ顣
˺ͶԼõʱ䣬ϽͷдĴ̽ͷպǿͷİŶ磬˲࣬˻ȵ˯ʪ˴ŲӺԴĸһһſߣһ£¥µг½ϴ
ӲܷдвĵطĻǰһȥȶ˱ûʲôرҪͣģȥؼƱ
Ƕʱȴûбӵгģ棬ҲҪ˶Сӣע⵽ϴֻոµֱɫƤƾҪֻ
Ƕû˵ƺһ붹ԱߵԽԽ٣ҪǮȴ˵һ覴õģùˣӰ쿴ʱ䣬ҪĻԱʮ㡣
ĵʶػ׵ʣ޼ĶЩͺˣСҲиǻвУ
˵ӣһ˵ҹ㡣
һ£ƽȣʲô˼
ص̬ȣľϲ̸Сһһէ̬ȣĳըë
Ҫüû覴õģִƤУǼ۸Ҫ˸ҡӸҲ죬ǶǶǵڴ󷹵Էʵһʱ䣬ҵ
һǮѰ˼СҲﻹһǮҪԸС
ǶԱ緹ȥɰĻˣ᲻дԼ֣ͻȻ˵Խ˾䲻صĻͦ磬ᣬӶôˡ
⻰ѽĵľĸԸ⣬Ҳðա
㲻ýţҼҲһСŮ꣬ðġ˵Щ۾м飬кӣ⼸ҹ۲㣬ǸԺӺõķ衣㣬ڲңԸҡ
ıǸ裬Щ죬ʵ˳žͲףΣգ˵ļˣԶķſЩԺӺõˣĶݣɫº͵ЦźദʵǸöԸĽɫ
ֻҪϺƵģĲҪĿʼ̸۸أ
ҪֻһʮҪʮֻһʮ塣ۺܿ죬·ùӡ
ҡͷҪӱļ۸һһֻһʮ
ġЦģ˵ҲǿͿģóļǣڣ⾭ˡ
ңȥŪ㣬˵ã۸϶Ҫ̸ġľˣǰСȻȥ籨һˣ˳㿴ôġ
ãˬ죬ҲˬġվǳһСոʱʱɨСۣǲҪ֪ӱ̵ò
Сӵ籨ܿͻظ˽ģţպϢܹҹȥأȻҪ
ľͼĿĵΣڽͨ㣬ȥһߺǣǸ˰ӱѹĸط
װĵĺͺڻվ̨Լ˳Ҳ˻طƱǵģϸ;вˮ˳Ҳãҷֵ𣬲ãͬЩг
˾ˣǻȿĽС֣ǱסҪǰˣСĴȦȦִ̼ܸܵС˾
С˾ˣҪڳ˯ˣ˳㾫񣬾кһѰѻҼڲϡ
С磬ȥȵġ˼գּûô
Էʱ򣬽İҶĻ˵ˣС磬أҪøһЩ
˺һݣҶԴСѾС¸߹˽ʶḶ́˵ɵ󵨣ˣ˳ͺ⣬ΪɵˮһĿ󡣿ֱССһװʼһˣҪʮ죬պͼ۸ѹȥ
С磬ˣֱ󣬵һµڸպãҲĻСҵ취ģǹǾȥ
һ⽣ϣ˵СãǵǮԺϳһɣšҲҪȥҲڼðˡȡᣬԼݡ
뷨ҲããǾСģһᶨʱǸ飬ǮҲ÷
öŽһȦǹ۹⣬ѾûֳεʱľнкͺˣǳȻؿһУΨһ͵ʱغϵǣСãôõĵطҲô
ҲǾ仰С磬лġ
磬˾ȥŪ˶ʼĴ˸İ˹Щ裬·Ѳߵˣ׼гˣȴסŸţҸ硣
ŽĵĻ
Ĵӣ߶Ķļ򣺡ǵͷȥ˵Ҫ̸̸۸񡣡
ͶߵһεŪͷֻŽС죬żΣ޲ԼУӵȵòͷҪߣȥʴ󷹵ˮƣΪĻ˻ıʣǰѿĺһ
һ󣬽Ͷһ˵Цף̸ˡ
Լϣ˵ھȥдǡ
̸ļ۸ͽ˵ʮΪ磬ټʮǮ
ĶĴָС磬ԽԽˡԤڶ֣Ƕļ۸Ӳúܡ
ЦЦܵг
پͷʱдķ䣬˫϶˴ӣһװһװǮ
дٽ֣ͷʱ··ߵˣ·ƻ谵ŮԼȥӰٯϸеҹǱȷࡣ
ĺͽʮֱ֧ͳͳû⣬͸Ǯ
˿ûŤڲܹ⣬Կ׾ͲжϣǸģģѵʱʮ²ȥһ֧ǰﲹãɶҲûǮˣǮԼĵַһдŽĵַֽؼȥˣ޶ԣĬÿɿ
Ŀ۶µŹ𡰳ιǸͷЦЦԵ֡
ֻһֻһңһֻС磬ȥ֡
ԭ˵Ǽҵ˶ʺϴ룬ǽӹŽԼһܵø㶫Ŀǰ˵ֱͲ¥ﶼϡصúܣһҪĳϲóһãȴҲǸö߲ˡ
˵˼仰׼ȥվǶǽĳϳҵгЩ
İʰãֱİ°ӵϵϣ̤˻ؼҵ·;


113 
ʲôǽʮֲӦ, ǾӲ𳵡
һƤȥϴѧżˣѧУͼ, ȫ, ˵Ҫļ, Ҳʵڲϲ, Ʊ𣬾ٲϳӲĿͷ
ؽĴӣǳӲͷҪɢ, ̫, ƣһֱ꣬Ҳûзȣ첻, ɫá
·һ룬Ҳ֪Ϊ, ǳԴ˶ڳϻˣŪýĺܽ, ܿƲסԼ, Щصļȥ, һתվ޽㣬ˮȥ, ֹס, ֻǺ˵, ûоնȥﲻġ
ǰӲźӣ˭ܣͷһԣӲ͵ˡ
һ·ʱ򣬺ż޻֣̫ãļȣ˺Ӷ࣬ºͺɢᣬԲ˯ãĽù·;ңԶݡ
ٽһҹʱ򣬿ݵ÷ĺӣ˯ߣûΪ֣ʵǶǺܹɵĺӣЦһ£׼վһ£һվŷԼͷͣķЩգˣͺ˰ˮాһҹ
ԺҲӳˣһأÿҪҵѹʵ̫ԶˣǺף·;Զûиֵˡ
峿ķԶԶǸڰ׵Сվ̨ĸ˶ȸԾЩҪˡ
ȥʱ򣬻鿴ɴʺ죬ƣ۵ֻŴ¡
վʱ򣬽ȽŷƤ΢ȣûգҺûʱ﷢˵籨һȻȥӡ
˳ҾҪҲҪճŽģ裬ҲҪ
һ˳УɰѽĸڻˣǵſˣҵſʼΪգȫ˭ûǣǣҲ˲ǿˣվ̨ϴ
Ҳ֪һûյ籨᲻۵˼ûˡ
˺һ̫žҪϸˣĴŻңˮ꣬һһûҧһСʱϣӺôԵ㶫ĳȥ
׼ӵʱ򣬻һվ̨ˣһȷ磬Ǳ¶׳ֱۣһͷͺӵķѹżһġ
ԭŸ·һ·𲻸ţպȱˮܡ
ġһֽһЩ飬һ²ˣ̤ǰЩµ˫ۣˡ
֣ҽſ֣鳲Ҫһסһֶ£һһѺӱصǵСʣȥ⹫żҺ𣿡
档ǻеûɵģٺҲֻǸ꺢ӡ
֣ҪؼҡǻԴǻ趼ˡ
֣ҲҪؼҡסһҵĲӣϣָָģڿˡ
ĿǰߴڵĻһңҲҪ޳ˣ۾ᣬ۰ϣڿԴˣȵˡ
һҰϣֱźӣĿ֣Щվߣһ˻վ
һС˳ѵԼһ·˳û뵽˰СʱںŰٺãתͷ촽ɫ׵ӣ̲סˡˡ
ؿҪ޲޵ģ˵һ䣺ȵˡ
ΪԼҪһӲŻˡ
ͷ̣ķ𣿡һ΢ȣò̫̣Ͻϳֱ忪ȥһ·϶̲סͷˣڻƽƽˡ
һҽӵǿľͰˣٵĺʧɢû˯ţڳӺ˯ˣȵ˵Ϣ
˼壬һҰͻؼң˺ˮְѳزȥˣǩ˸֣Ҫͷѵġ
ȻصңּͽĽõھӶˣӱɩȥϴ裬ѳŻض¥˯ȥˣĻǿŸھǷز˵Żؼҵļš
Ҽһһٿĵɫ֪Ҳ̫õĳˣɩӰ棬ˮҲ˵Ҫȥˣ˵
֣ӺɩӸȥһ˹ɩ˽ĵ񣬺ͷһϸ
һңҪϴ衣ĿűߣûһҸˮϴͷϴ裬СŮҪҲͷҲ˲ϰ·Ūʪˡ
һҸͷһ˾˯ˣϻЩȣоЩˣ䣬ͺ˯һŴϣ̲סͷգͺǻؼˣá
СʱˣӶˣҲûѽģ衱ûӦƽʱһգԼЬ¥ǰְҪԵġ
һҸ벻̲棬͸˼ˣͷԷԵĻ˵Ҫ͵С̣Ҫȥʴ󷹵꿴ơ
һһȻķ˵籨֪ȥǣĶĵƸǿ
ڽԹ鲻ԣִˣȥѽĵԼľߺͻʣͼСҫһ
Ӵ﷭ĹȹڻҪһҸܶˣһҿɰѩ׵СȹЩ֪룬ź÷ǮƱӣسȥ϶ӻ˲ǮͷðѳҲš
֣˵ҽܻˣվͷҳ棬Ҫȥ֪ˣһǺȿˮԶֻſ棬ľߺߣֻ˸ǵǹͷǳȥˣԼ¥ȥϱȥ
ķŵգŷҵΣһεԼСʱˤһεүү̼һ𿾻һգͻȻ󵽶еʱүүȥڰ֮ͥ䴩󣬰Գɼңкӣﶼ롣
һ꣬˭˽ȥ꣬һ˰棬궬ر䣬Ϸ˱ѩﶼţûеůСϣֽű䣬ӣԹһĳϦˣ͸ϰԼһ˵ˡ
˯˯ţͻȻһͯпˮմϣ˭衱ĸˣ˶ЦеؿСã֣Сؼˡ
Щ䣬˫ֱԼֱۣ·ֻصǸĳϦ䰡
˿ġ۾֪˭˺ܣգСүү̣ѾþûСˣϴڵģҪĺˣǸԴķ򿿹ȥһӲţ
һҰ§ŽĵԴüôԽԽˣԴһֱ麹̲סģѡ
ͷʹﻹһһ·ϣĽòУиؼңڵҪҵˣżÿޣ·ȴһֱͷ֪
ġһգʲôΣôһֱ᣿
ǻһң۾㷢ˣȥҳҽ㿴һ˷£ֲģӦˣпĵëȥһҲǱͷҲˣһ˲ڣ̽ȥġ
һкͻڣڼ۾һ˫ʪĴ۾ʧ㱣ɫɲ԰ףͷ亹ðʪͷһʱ·֪ԼδۣģȱˮȥҸҽ
ĴģһҪߣȥסһؼҵ𣿡
һֻ£ǲʶˣңҽؼҵġھڼңȿˮְϵˮùյߡ
ӡ÷մɱٿΧϤĻԼţʶǻһңɷǵļңﻹʮһ˵ܡ
ǸôΪԼʮ꣬ͷѩһŹꡣ
ġˣˡˮԵƿһϵıӣֱ۾̶̵һһ£ԼѣడôνȻͬ˺ѵأ
˭ĺͷԻֲ
һҼƺعˣȴ֪ʲô΢ľ̬δı飬һ̵ĽİԵķ·һİˣİҪȥҽ
֪Լпĵëضóҩۣܺûһȥ߿Լ֧ǽ¥ˮϴ˸ͷյٿ࣬ҲҪһ˵棬˺ôһˮһŽҡϣ۵òӣֻ۾תܵһС
Ŷֻص˼壬ո£źôģеҲ𽥻صˣϲŵļң˯һôǹ˼ʮǰ㣬Ŀ
ʵҲоҽԺҽţԼȥ죬һҲѽڳȥȥ˸ҽǳҽ«ư˼±ҽ飬ѵܣӪСԺ˽ļۣҲ˵ͿŵȥյĲҩˮȥͨҵӣҩȥͳɡ
ķŴֵһæǰæˣȥһ棬ȥղҩ
ʮӺˮžѺȣҲòýĺȥޣŻһҰڲ˰룬̫ˣˣƢ۲ٺȣһҿںҩ֭Щǳҽ˵һҪֻ꣬úٺڣűӺ꣬ѿ൨ˮ˳ѻһҸúõͶһ
ĵĻ˵ȻĥһС⡣
˯һȫû;࣬СǷһ磬ֱﺰԷˣſŶؼҡ
һţͿֱ裬ҡϣ˽ԹԳҩ


114 
˭Ҳ벻, Сɽȥ˿󣬺˳ҽĲҩ, ˰, ȫ᲻𾢶, շ, ֣һںĲҩأȥ磬һͷ麹, СԲһȦ, ղȥɺͷһֱûо񣬳Բ˯ã֮⵹ûʲôʵĵط
һ⼸ûȥϰѵ, ˼ڼչͺӣӻǺͽ׽, ߣߴߴģȴûʲôܽ, ;ǰ, ̫, ˲ܳȥҲ, ӱȴҪ
˺ö, Ļʳ, ˵ûģɩӶȥϿˮ˵ЦС޵ˣҾˮ
ɩ˵ϼҵһһ鲼һڴף˵˯úãֻ֪Ҫһָʱ䣬ûܾĺ⣬Ļ
ɩǸ̶ĺһС룬˶ӣоˣϲҳˡ
СպҪȥ£һҰӽھӰæţŽȥϿҽƿˮ˯һҹɫźһЩ
İҹ˯м䣬ͷǺӣͷɷŻһҵֱۣϸƣ˯ĺһЦ㲻һģȫļˣ
һǼҲûţĻ䵽ˣǸֽڿĴˣҲڼҸɻˣϴȫֻҪĺͺӺãܺͼһ𣬾Ǻӡ
Ƚֻ죬ȥգ³ʦҦί
׳ͷ˵״ΪӦ»ġ
һҰ׳Ļһ飬Ƕλ˵ˣ˵ȥ˷飬Ϊļ꣬ɽ廬£·ˣڵر˼죬û᷽״ûȥ׶ŵ顣
ʵһ·ȥ׶ûȥĵĵطҲûȥڣܱߵһƾɵسҵҪҵˣ˻һҴǰ׳칫ң֪ǺηʥԷյűȷ鼤ЩȴҲûͻһҶ˵֣ԶٷһҹڶվȥҲܸͷϵ쵼˶Իһҵ״ƺʮ
һһʦ·ϣһֱ޳˵ĻֻǸСְҡ
ĸܵ˴˼ĲββֹϢϣ֪Ȩϡ
Ҧ˻һҵĻ³и칫ⲽ£˵ףһǱȥطһЩԸ⹫İŶȥˣҲã˵³ƥ˭涼á
Ȼһҳȥ³иͺҦ˵һǡսˣΣպͱ仯Ĵ˭ûˢأ
Ҧûӻ׳аţûָ³ǾͲҦ£˵ھһһ
Ҧ˵Щˣ˵ʲôʱյĽɹˡ³и˼̣ҦϸпЩһЩˣֵ׳꣬ҲҪðͷʱˡ
ҪŽҦǸᶨˣҲʮˣôţһңܿҪˡ
³иԼԼƽͷԴͷӲЩ֣ɫѾڰ׽ӣ绪Щ꣬ڻҡ
߲жﻨ𣿡ҦЦվ֪ƿǷ׶һбģ³ӣֵдţһŮԸ׷
³иһЦЦȴǳǳϣ³ͷҲûô˳İЩ£Ҳó˵³иԼҦҲʡ
³иѾ쵽ʮˣҶڴɰ𣬿ɽʼÿ£ÿնҪһںڵҩţ߶ؼңüػ˵ˣڴͷ̣ˮȣѼвĺŵòҵǰȫһ˲͡
˼ҲҪ֣˵籨ϵĳӳｨŽлŻ˵˵һºܵңʱϱӴݼĸĸ׾ףû³ȥͶŮ˵˵ҲŮ³кˡ
֪֪£˼һƢԽԽ¶굽ĥţ³Ҳû취ڼҲƺҲû˺˼ģûգ֪ƾû˼Լܻ׶ȥ³ͼˣ³иҲֻакӣ֪ҲУΪҵʧһ
ھһڣҲû˹ˡ
ҦϲЩ£˼Ҽ£һ£ǶˣñӳȥҪ˼ֵܵδܲһֱС飬ܿȥʱ˼ʮ߰˻ҰƵĿôãܵҪʶʶͷ硣
һϱСһЩǹȥѧд֣ҦҲˣСˣе;ûʮĿ๦д֣ǻӶģˣϧ̫æԽ̵ӡ
һȻ仯óأҦҲñ䣬Σգһԣһ˼Īһ˼ͣ
ԴϹˮȥ˳ϵϿʼ΢ʣһ䣬˼Ů˵ģǿֻӸˡ
ҹ˯ţһҰҡõ¥Ž棬ӸʱĶͷգôÿ
Ҷˣָؿڣɿϡ
һҵЦš⼸ɰŻˡ
սĵ˫ô裬·һ һΪǻ˸ˡ
Щ죬գֵĴȾӣ˷ֿ˯ڽĵҪ£ݣҹһգǷչߣҲࡣ
ӣȥϿûΣ˲ξƺȡĲһϧԼǮԸ⻨Щϡ
...һһ£˸պûãͷ㣬ҪҪСϰĹ춼˵ˣİʹӳ˽̸Ҷ˵Щеûģ·ϼˣȻӿڳ˵òҲ֪϶һЩ̫İˡ
ЩǼ˵š
Сϸңȥ𳵵գ񻹺һİ˽ͷһҲţ£һԱСϾ㱨ˡ
СϹ˺ܾãõúޣǻһ׷ʣҪԭ˼ˣɩշһУúͻӪ档
ԭʹ˻Ժ󣬶ԻһҺгС磬С飬һͰѴȥ꿪ʼ˵ˣ...һȥίԴеǸСŪʮ̫࣬ҪͻȥҲŷġԭΪһңҾûǰǸˮ˵ʱҲƻ˳Ͼͺ㽲£˭֪ǰȥˡ
֮ǰҲ֪Щ˼˺ܾãվ;û˵ҲɳĸоһҲ÷ſ
ԭҸڣȥΪʲôǲˣһ·ϵĵ˵룬ǰʵ˵˳·ϱˮʱ£ƽһֻҪһ󵽣ֻһ˻ƴһжΪ˼ǮƱٽţ̲סԼֻǸСûа취Լųó̡
û˵𣿡ҲһұǸֱˣԹҺͲӵҳǾԿڹģ£ƫƫĳһ档
Сʱ򣬾ͺϣиͷӵꡣһҲûָ˵һЩǵ£Сʱֶ춼Ըӣּζҽ춼ǵá֪˵֮
һ§˳ͷͣ˾ͣˣڲʺ¡
ľȵǣһҲû˵Ǳҷǰ;ǿǵİΣԸðգһһ˵Ȼûжܶ飬Ҳ֪˺֮䣬ǱҪġҲˣı֪ôġ
ŵǸأЩж㽲ģ˵̧ͷôˣûֱҸ˸
һҷſӹóǸСŵģһֱûһ£ͦ£򿪰óٿǮڻһ΢𾪵Ŀ£ͳʮֱֻֻһֻϣÿ궼ܸһġ
ļһӲֻλֱģֱֻ֯ʱõģһϲϲϲһЩеƷԼ͵ϲĶ
һҽӹĽ⿪ֱϣЦúÿϾѡɷֱء
ġһЩסûи͹ĶҸα㣿
ÿ춼Һһ㡣룬ҲûʲôرҪģÿƽ͵һ𣬻ౣְأԴǰûмҵ˵ͺˡ
һԱߣָʮֱʣЩأ
գգ۾мֽһҾ֡
Ȼһй˼ɣͰܸС磬ֱ磬Сͻͻ»˷ĵģ˹ţͰ˶²ˡ
Ƕ˱Ƚ鷳ˣ˵ϸüëۻԱģʱҲôˬھǷҪֱˣҲ֪СԸԸζԷС˶Ǯأһֻɱһɿˣƻˣ㻬ͷ
˼ƽϣҪֱҪǮջøС𲽻ȥ
һҿһδ˱óϣĿȫһƤӵ׬Ǯһ֪Ķû뵽Ȼô飡
ģд׬ǧǮһզ࣬ô׬Ǯ
ͷȥһ£Ӽһͷԡ
ֻʣ¼ˣһҿǵǮǴŽᣬ롣
ȥҸ͸װãֱˣһЩ
һ㶵վȥ˸ɾ龫չ޹ţⶼģ
Ǽҵġ֣£ǻҪϴ»гҪҪ飬ǮʲôЦҾϲûӡŶǮ
һҰǮһ飬˸ò˼飬ȥǵķӸսãֻʮǮҪսع£ϾȻôһǮ켸¹ʲ쵽
İã۾ûһȥˮϴֲſ˯
һҴˮ˳¥ϴһˮԼϵķıҹ£ҲѸȻϲֻѾǸʱ򣬵óúһȥôķͷٱľͷˣǲ֪ǮƱĺôֻԶĵطߣھͲ˾סСӡ
ҺǸˣ˵˻Ͳմ£ҪٽһЩ
ڶ¥ȵҪľɳ˯ˣŵȵϴֵˮһѾϵı֮ղڹתͷ˵ģƽﲻܴʹһ־Сˣһ䣬뿴ҴҾʹ㿴
ױһѻмƣĽĶЦ֣Ҳȣѽ˵á


115 
ڼ˴, ָ˵㾫ʳȴû, СԲδָ, Ŀ, , ·ϱȷʵһЩ
Ӻƽͷ󣬻һļѵˣѵصĽ, ʱʱƤ˻ؼ, ҹｭİˣţͿʼֶţ̸, 䶼Ǵĵطÿÿʱ, һҶһ󺹣ƺѵҪſǰ۵, ʲôѪ, ͳͳԺȥˡ
Ҫ±, ҲҪƶ＾ѵƻصҾͺͼһ, ź, һҵӹúܳʵ, ֻҹһʱŻ£ʱ಻׵ľ
ܻ޳ϵĻְҡһҲлߣȴżҦίô˶Ҫͣ³ʦµ佫ҲûðͷǷӣ֮ܲ
·ݾƽִеˣڽĺͻһҵֵó˵һ˵ġ
һǻȥСѧ˴СѧǰһСͬѧ
Ǻھٿһɨä࣬٣ûٶһˣ˽ĵʦݰţҪȵµײſѧ
һգ׼ͺѧ
Ͳˣ緹ǻһģԴӰ·Сһ󣬾͸ûһҰѼĴС¶ˣţ˼ֽ
ѧԭ˵ˣҪһȥģԻһҲڼңûгȥѵ
ʵӻСԺС·̣ѾϤˣСŮѧкüҹŰ֣ǵһҪǽ𴲣ľ߶׼ˣǽţǵðĹȹóѧһʹϡ
һأӲǰȹӴȥˣüüŮļﶼݺĽһأΧתƽʱ࣬춼ȹӣؼһҪϵȹӣ˲һСʱصҾͷȹӱ·ߵҰݹһ飬һء
ÿû߹ֻȥڰɩãȲˣǸԷ첹ۼĵطɥһֱŵٸµģΪЦָҲҪҫ顣
ɩҧͷ˵СҲ̫źˡôᱡĲϣ̵ﶼûŪһµģûǮƱ
糿˼嵰棬ӽѣͶͯˮͷıӣһ˳Թ緹ͻһŮѧȥˡ
С·ʮӣͬѧʦˣѧǰ࣬ϸģܹͲʮСͷСģʮС߰һһߴﹾģûп޵ģŴҶģοҲϤ
ʮУֻлһɰܵһģɩǣǸ꼶ֽ˳ġ
Ͽи͵Ůʦ˺ǽȥһʼǺһһ꼶ĺǻһŮʦˣ˸ӣ׶԰һ꼶ѧʼôҷãиʦһ꼶ĺǡ
ڽſŽż⿴һۣʶļСһóԼľߺͬѧ˵ȥģһᵯһǣ˵ŸСʾһ飬Χ˵۹ⶼСܱ˹עζ
һվڽߣһ𿴻С˦ñоˣճʱֻţѧѧĽ׶ΣȥŰ˴ߣû뵽һתۺӾͳҪѧˣʱÿ찡
Ҳ뵽һ ʱǸСӣŵֱܵܺײҪԵģһСŮڴеӣ治װ
ĻһֵĲϣֻСֻ裬ͷ㣡ֵؾ̵ִֶͷ ҲҪȥͻһ
Žĵܻ֣ܵ˵ҵܻܵң˵ҵܵǸҵߣ
Ҳǻ˵žҪӻһҲҪȥ˲ɡ
ЦЦٵһûвӦѧǰͺãְѻұϿΣ¿ˣӽ㣬ܺˣȻȥ
һҪߣˣͻʲôһ𣬴δֿο￴Ծͺܶ࣬ôСأڲߣװҪİҲŽȥһһѰŻƵһƨɣ
Ĳӣûǣǻؼд֣д֣˼档
Ҧί⼸˽鷨ʦʱͱžɱֽ֣ĸӻú졣
ͽ档ҾͲԸߣڵˣƤڻһڣֲҴޣͰ͵ؿŰ衣
ͷۣٴһ꣬ƾԸ͵ѧУɻҲ࣬꣬иĺһ͵ĺûûصģŪŪʱ۵Ļͻһң˵裬ǰģʲôеûĺ뵽
ǻһҳѿһ·Ļұ˼ңϴţȥСѵһ䣬ſˣѺģԼȥϰˡ
ĺһת磬΢û뵽ѧûޣѧķ޳ݣŻҵСӣСͷѧԵʱ򣬿㻹ҪҪȥѧУ
ԭ˵ȥӻؼҳԷģĴڴһĻңû·ĽЦˣڴ̫һͷѻʶһģȫǼСĺӣƽʱһƤɳһ¿ξͳؼˡ
һ˽Ļ裡Լˣ
ѽײһűײ۵ؿڣ֪Լڳ𣿡
ΧŽҽУݵطһ磬չϵ˵㡣
Ĳ£ãư緹ȻһԷֹܶ
һһؼҳзļԲѵϽиµĲˣĵֱһ£õƳֵҲСĵ㡣
һҵְأһ£ֻҪ΢üܾͻǰһҶģ˵ʲôʲôҪ§˷Ϳ

ٴȥʦ£Ҳʲôţϻصɨäÿ඼ʮˣѾɨ˺öˣʣµľͶһЩ©֮㣬ߺϻûȥġ
ɩֻӣűصģȫǰʦ£ﺢӴˣȥҹûطƵĻ䲻ǮڼһȥСΣ˿
ͻɩһ̬кüڻͦˣ˵ǵɨäúãͬѧǶϽ
ؾȥˣںʱ򣬲֪Ƿһˣ˵һ䣺ѧҪеѧͷڽǣʦ鷳
ȻҪܣ³ʦҲҪҪΪȡʲôǵΪûӰǺڿɨäĹ
Сܻ̲μ䣬ס˵ʲôԴɤˣΡвӿСܣϼңʱɷȡЩıͰ׵ˣЩһ˼أЩˡ
ȻὭģǸ»ϼңϼֿ࣬Ϊ·ֵŶ綼Ҫóͷܣ˶ɷǮʹмֵȢϱƽţãòװϼҵѪ˸ӵˣԶǣȻٻȥ
ľǺˮжܴ󱦳þõشڼ壬ﶼȥ
ʦʦɣҶϿκãѧĶ࣬룬ҾҪȫѧٴҲܵʦȥ
ĴӻɩõǷʱ֣￩һ£Ǿ仰ô˵ģ͵ǣСܷޣǡÿϣв顣
ɩӺϲϿεɩӵǰοҪǸҿڣǼɩӾͰܳȥ
ŮԼػ˼ͬѧǼＸݣСʱûѧֻʶԼ֣лˣһڷãҲ¶ˣϾͱˡ
ȥˣ̴˵Ҳɨä࣬ԭСĿΣҹ·̫Զˣ˾¾ҪʱˣѩĻز㣬Ǿӿĵط˸յأ֪æϿΣǶ֣֪ӹ֣ûƱ׿Զʮʳö֪඼ű
˵̷Ʊˣо飬ٴαѡɨäʦ
ĺþû̷ˣǸùϣ߿ָÿ˶ܵóԸ
һһ˶࣬ԾȥջˣĽһͷȾͺãͷ̲ˣθ
ɩӿɫ磬ҲҪȥˣȤģ壬ҲСܽ
ĿųǸߴڵӰӣЦЦ˵
ѧͷؽãںͷϱһĹľиͣԺһӾЦСڡ
ôȰ˵ǵŻûйסңֻҪһȥѧͺ͸ƨһڽͷһȺСм䣬۽ôϻȥʦҲʶˣԼһ𣬳˰Сġ⡱ĺӡ
ĺͻһҶ˼ʦ鷳ȥУҲ˼Ǯѧѣµģ⣬͸˸ɵĸţֻӶȥ˴Сģÿ϶Ҫ緹ȥٽӻ
ɩǶ˵ûСôĵ裬ôƴĵطܵȥھ͵ñ˴ѵ
ﵹǾãСĺֲǵͷ⣬ҲѹԼĺӣ˶ٿͷȻöϵġ
һǰԻ˵ȻҪͽһѧ͵ʦĻ飬һ춼͵ɹɫ˵ӣĶסˡ
дŻʱ򣬺ͽĸ˵£裬Ҳ֪ʱҺȥѧǷҲͬ飿Ȼģɿǳ£һб仯׽;úԵһûа׷ѡ
ּͨ鶼ǽصģûʮĲɣҲޣ˵ѧ龰Ǽǵ˵ͽȥǳѧǰѧʱһ£ͽĸĶˣ޲ðڶȥϰ࣬Ͳȥѧˡ
ĸŮһ𣬾һصԵ֣ϣϡ
ĸ֪ƽȣûȰһҪԼĺӣԭҪ࣬Ϊһ裬ܱģžǺǰʮӰˣͷʼҪԼȥ
ĺϲͼдţ߶߶ؽԼһ˵ճˮһص
ʵԱһŻһŰȡӣϵǽĸģͻһҸǺͷټļԼ±ԡ
뿪ǰĸٿǮ࣬½ĸͷȫίнתģ˵ͻһҵ⡣
СǮҲһãö˵ûҺͼ¶ʵһӵĸĸĵʱ̵ǡ
ȡӣС磬һûˣø˽ίʵԱæԴеġι˸̵ĵ籨Լ˼ӣأûκεҪ֡


116 
յСĵ籨, ޳ͷһ̯øģ޳ͷǽг־ʱ͵ַʵ̫ȫ, ַĳһƬ, ʹûоƺ, вֵ, ַʶһҲյƽｭķе籨ͻռʵͶ޳ͷ
С磬Ĵֱʿˡ޳ͷû, ѵӵݸ, ǰӵǮɶպˣܺһǮҲŸʲôԼ, 㻹Ȣϱء
һЦûӾүүĻ, ĸԸ޸ųһͷӹ籨, ɨһ, Լ, ԭ˳ʱ䣬ûҪ, ü, Сôˣ׬Ǯˣ
ԭָ, °ȥһ˱߾׬һأϻǱǮɰ˺ü죬ֱүүƲ¶ŰǮĴغãݷڼм䣬·һжûµܣȻҲǲ֪ġ
ȥȥɣСĲүֻܰѲүƲɣСԽԽʧһҪʣ磬ȥĶˣﾡܵܵĿ־塣
ʵүүڣ־ﶼȥˣԶҲģҲǰײˡ
ֺͳ־˹ϵʵ˵˾ڣһϵûС
СĸճԴһҩ̵ŮǰصϡҩӶǣӹĻƽƤݣڵķӣӦоУŮ޸ԴвʢҽݵĳӣʢԴĽֵж·ͷ߰˳ɵ̶游ĸĲƲӭʱ޵ļױԴһȦԴһһ˽ֵ¡
ͷи磬꣬ԭָ//Լûˣĸ游ĸ׷ͺڷˣʱС֪˼伲࣬үүͰְ־ͰѼ̳ҽݵϣСͱүүϥϱҩģ˼ҿɵһ鱳ǡ֮Աơǡͷ͡ũݾǴߵ磬ö˶˵һӣСĸȡС֡
ĸ׿ʮˣѵػһ˶Ƿ򸾱ȥ˵ԴлŲ̊ϣôҡǸ֮׵ĺӾûˣҲˣʲôӻƽƤݣȫǼȺͶ֤ݣĸܲ˴û¾Ͳˣա
ֵĸһȥǰµҪԴų¥ϷʡЩ˺͵Ů飬ЩûιЩηߣŵʺƨͳˣӶǣԱߵ˴Цȡʺ
ֵĸǸмҽߣˣûûѾʧȥΪ˵ϣøӰԼһԶ¡
ֵүүʱзģҲкüͷˡ
ǰ޳ͷͷ֣г־Сĸ׼һµˣʱԬͷʱϹ곣ϼǮ˽ӣܶдֻ̫ʵܳͷĸڣҲûٻߣڳҼı˸£ƽŴ飬벻࣬ҲԼ֣һ˲ܳԱֻүʱ˭֪
ɢܹ˶ݵģȴûһ˳ͷũӳ־ѹ˸ĸʬɽ˱լס֮󣬾Ͱֺүү˸Сӣ˳Ĭֿɿʱʮֹ¿ͷ˾үү
үүҹҪȥһˣҶŵֺ˵үү£ʱܿŵˣ˵ȥүүϼˡ
ͷС磬ҲʮˣøԼϱˡûŹ⡣
ӰӶûУ˵ĻǻվŮƱԱͱʮ꣬ӶҪˣҲʰ
֪ˣҵˣ˼ҿͷ衣ִֿı飬ʼնöԾصĳÿͷþ裬ܱغ͸мʮһʽͳꡣ
˺ͽļգ˸磬ȥͷͶҲˣһүүᵽͷϴչүүʱϸģˮͷõιȴҶԹ緹ٸүү롣
ּ룬üؿŶȣѧһ֣ûȰͯӹѨλͼ˵ɡ
ֳźֲŰүүƵӰĵطű߷˸ɵšһ̨û˺үү˵ֹȥǳһүү
һ˴ǰҲΪʢֵҽ£үмľأСȥŪ˱ǮҲᵽõĵطһСԺסˣԭˣȻæտġ
ֻѣ̤ȥĻ𳵡
ĽģһѺȥѧУŷֺѧĺôм֧ʱ͸Щķ˺Ե׸⣬˼ֵܻԷǴӣջȷԣһҲڼң֣ӺͼɩӶܰ?һۺӣڳſɱԭĶˡ
ǰһĺͻһ˵ҪȥϻվС磬һ§ֱмַȥ
ЦأСҲʲôͷ۵ˣһС
СҪС֮񡱵̬Ǽ˻һңǻ˵ϣ˾Ҫˡ
һҾƣϱ̫׬Ǯˣ¶ģԵûãګګ˵ʲôʱҲܸö
ŷ临Цģʱô࣬㻹ûᡣİɣɱʱ͵Լǵ㹤ʲӻˡ
ȥڽ㡣㲻ȥˣǽؼһǿԵġ
޶˾ô˵ˡ
ûгǲߴ°ȥģϵİӦĶĻˣȥ˰޴˰æ̧ڳϣռϴһλãȫĶ
ʹ°ԼüȥľԼñվķȥŪг˫·ʵ̫ˡ
վʱ򣬽ĿԼϵıʱ䵽ˣСӦõˣֶ㵽ĶȥˣҲû취ֻ˸䣬Լ
ȷʵǰ˻վһͷݶ϶ţϻС㣬иװˣҲ֪˭ȥ֪иӪΪͷ֪˲࣬ų亹С˵ģĲ²⣬ȴҲҶʡ
ͷǿСǲǶһģˣͲˡ
ĵȵðͷֲ̫ȥȵú˰ˮ˻СŴӺͷ߳һۣô׵ٳ
˭֪ͷû˸šҲûϻ˿ŵûϻȥĳȵĳߣصԴжҹˣûڻȥڻվߡ
Լߵľͷӣóһλӡ
ôûҪЩϾпڽǣ漰Ǯͻ⣬Ǿһ㲻ġ
ķһҲǺ鷳ģúǰ鶼ܺŪǻ֮䣬漰һЩ仰Щ¸ˣ˵ԼǺͺϻ֮ڵķ磬м仹㱻˽ٻû취¡
ۿСҪ۶ˣѰֱóҲֲεˣԭ˵ֱ͹ҵƷЩ㶼ܳҷ˾ţ֮ҵһˣ⽻顣⻰Ǽٵģûз϶ͺͶŹϵˣҪСȥǣ˵ҵĻ࣬ܵС֪ԼĲײ
ȻСɫһ£мֳŪô㲻ҽˣ
ĿһۣЩˣûǩںԼ飬ȫǳģѶŹ˵СģС磬׼˳⣬ͶŹֱ磬ȫõмõõġֱֶСۣҸطܲغãܿĶĿǵС˵һԣ˵Σճ̶ȿɱˮ߶ˡ
СԴЩջС˵˳˳ǰӻһ׼ǰɢģɽĺܼؾܾˣҲ֪СƢѾͻһ˵ãЩУͲٳ
С磬Ҳ֪ȫԵĴУǺǸŹˣֱǶǴģҪмЭǮġȰ˵ŹˣǳӲҿԭҲȽųⲻϤĺˣʶ㣬͸㣬ͷҿмǣߣǺͷҪԼˡ
ֿС㣬²˵ٿһ£㲡һ˼ɣ
ԭҪȰģôһʣǺ棺ô֪ģ
УĸҲ᣿ҽݵүɲǰ׵ͷģ˵ûʲô˵ģǵý괺ҪţкξͳԵֽ̫䣬ȵȻƾҲСȻʮһ͵ôްˡ
С磬㻹һ֡Ŀͦģ˫۾жˣѹֵһ ȥԴУһ۾ͿҪ¶
Цһûټ⣬пյС㣬ôǮҲ׬ûǮƵˡ
룬Ҳǲ׬ǲܣǴǮҲᣬǽΪ˸ʱĹҪˣΪԼļͥ϶ҪòȻҪ֧£ͷһǮˣ˳ɵǸŵݣܽ
֮Լɣر˰ϴ⣬Ҳ˵ɣҲ㡣
СתͷгԵ𣿡ｭĶҲ⣬ĸӣֱ߳Ա˵ֱҰһǮ׬ġǺͷأˣҽǸŹΣʼղңҪһֱˡ
ŲСᱻЩƵҪǮҪˣĻһֻһܵԴȥһԴм仹תֹôصĻˣûĶСˣȻʵɡ
һʼĻãͷĻýĲ㱻ˮҭסô˵£мˡ
ֵʵʵصͷҲΪ˵еһɿôһֱȣҲһڻվûͦԶסۣ˵ֵܵСүˡ
²ֻأˣ׬ǮҪ忪ҲʭӶˣддźĵ籨ջͽӻԼǰͷͺͷȥ
С㣬֣ǰΪһɿǮ׬ӵĻ͵ǰ㶼ҪСܾթ¶ŮĸǣϣȻʱһүүô죬Լ⣬Ų
ľ֪С϶Լ˽ˣҲУҾͿʼЩϿ̾û˵
Ҳ̾ˣ¿ʼ¡СֱȫԼһ֧Ҫʮǰҷǵʲô湫ӡȴֻһʵʵڵİۣʮǰǶûë
ȳʱٰǮûظ㡣ҲϽǶŹϵԸԸɡСҲмΣѾϰ˶Ա仯½ܶҲ죬ٱȺˣͷ֣ǲңǾںϲС㣬Ҳס
رһҲܹСǿƣȷʵ˳ҲʲôɥȨôӦڵأأûסߣǵԵָöϾͶˡ
С翴һ£Ҳͷ˵ˣʵСҲôûģҪûĸΣͲʣµĻҲỹǣһߣҲ棺ϼԭǸأ
Ǳܲ⣬ľͰԼϻô˻ϸڸһЩʵ...Ǹڳҽӻˮ綯ģԭֱӽܸǸкӵĸǣ˺ͷҲôסңҪˮͷ͵ǺǸ紩ͬһӡ
Ҳס˻ŻعֱԼϲغã˵С㣬㣬Ǿ͸һԣһºٸҷ籨ٻҲܱȼǰԲҪˡ
ָֻǸ첻ߵӣС㣬㲻֪ɣǸװˣԱߺӣСûӣһ۾ܿ
Цģǲ֪࣬ҲӰ׬ǮίԱѡίԱҧرء
ãƻˣҲʲôϢƾʲôҪгأ
˰¶òˣؽȻ𳵣ϳǰֲģһ飺С㣬㵽ʲôˣ̫ˣ
ңĿС׾ЦЦеį͡ģûƭˣֻһˡ
ʲôͣɽ͡ĵӰֵǿأͦ˼ģС㣬ǺŪˣŵ˱Ͳ࣬СĿǰǿһɡ
ֻȥ󣬽ҲûڻվϽϻȥˣ°ĳҪؼ壬˵ģûʮĸ·ɿˡ
һСʱصңһֵ㻹ϰ࣬û취иСʿѰؼҡ
ϻһһϴĲӰľͷӴ򿪣һǰĶĻģŵ
һҴ򿪣ǸģСȶһ̨Ͳ°ťһɢ˾µȣͷʮɱֽƿƣùóǰдõġ״Ԫ족ֽȥ˵Ǹҿϴѧٺȵġ
һסǲҲ̫ԶˣСѿڲѧǰ֪࣬ôأϴѧ¶
ñšĺģʱѧÿֲû취ϡ
ҵأһżԼҲڣֻƿЩƣھֻӡ
ԴǸؿˣʱ˼˵ʲôŮ״Ԫ죬ˣȥʾּĶһ˸ɷơ
һҶԽûڵҪ޲޵ģҧؿһ£ЦвҲң
ˡ۾Ĵϣ˯ȥ


117 
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Ź, ʵʵļ潻̸, Լжϱ׼, Լ۾͹۲죬ֻӦˣ˽ĵǷдŶʣķЩԽ
ĳȥ˳㷢˸籨, 籨, ż󵽣һºҲһżٺС˵˵ȣûϴεǮ, ʱñȽϺʵġ
д˸Źţֿʼд, һҲи׶ǮȥĶ, ô, ôֹͣ, ý
İЩ¶˻һңһ, òЩ, ֻǵͷ, ˵㰲žͺá
ѧ˿һ£ӦѧУѧǰҲûʲôαϾǴҰѺӷѧУʦһЩ֣ٴϷֽֽ࣬ߴģÿ챳²ȥѧһȺͲĺӴһ𣬱ڼҿֺˣ˿ѧǿ£ϧһҪÿ춼Ǳд֣ʦȻûвҵ˿λصңǵдֲܳȥ档
ɩЦԣСǷǵ״ԪɡҪϸģΪҪȥˡ
룬״ԪǾͲǿˣǻҪι̵ġ
ȥѧˣпڼҺɩӺ֣ѧ÷·¶űǱ˵ô첹ĺۼˣһѵ·ܣҺö˵·Ӷ̫ãʮ¾͵һطÿ鲼˳ַ켸롣
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ȥ¡ЩȥΪûǮ±ûö򼸸꽭ĺͻһҴźȥϣѿʵĶȫ˵ÿ˶£һ¥ǸʳķȫǳԵģһܷСȥ͵ԡ
ϣһڲˣ˵룬ϧû˲ΣȻѪҲһԼãһĻ衣
ǰһʾȡһţսдģҲӷģûżſսѼĴһЩʺӷĸ򵥣ǵͷȣѳԲ𷹣ŷҪǮҪƱҪĸݵĺҪŸְλһˡ
ҲǰӲ֪һҴûԼְ߹ӷĵʹɩ˶ΪֻǸҲǳԹÿй̶ʺƱӣǿֵҪǿ
ͻһҽһ࣬˵˲ǻҵ£ûʹһ䣬Ҳһͷʱһһ۵ӣ֪϶ǳˮصĻϵˣдšǮŷﻹеȣ󷽵˵ģĴû
һʱҲͽ׵Ҫ󣬱ſڿӣĸݴӦֻҪȥǼҵͶչһݻһҹû
дε٩˵ϻغֳǶԻôߵʱӶˣû뵽ǻֱ׳ضҪ󣬹Ȼ˻ŻҪƤһ㡣
⻰һҵɫ˵㣬ûʲôƢ˵ػǽɨһۣûĲãԼһ䣬α˵ЩһŭĵҲĸԼĸͷִ磬ԼǶϱ˵ЩҲʼЩײģر졣
һҺûˮŵ£ȴֺͽ˵ҴĴӻ棬괺ʮˣȥ飬Сûգȥȥ飬Ǻɫä첻Ҫ취
İͷã˸ɢıӣžӶһԼ֮ûԲ۾ű䳤ˣ˵Ȼڱ仯ģϸ΢Ҫ۲ܿҪȥĸһ£˾ܿԱˣʱ˳ϻңҲǵԼСʱģ
˻һЩԹĻû׽ӹ˵˵Ƕֶӣܵؾͻְһѣģ˵ʲôԣ͸ɴװûѴķȹصͷȥ׻ſڴ˯ӣϴҪڡ
һҲûӽһʵĽ飬΢Щ꣬ҲǸƫԶʦСӪֻôο˼ǣû̫Զþӷÿ»ܻؼһˣũææֵأôӪأѩأһžͳԷĵطȫˣ˵ľӪһһƵģôžôš
ƽǽĲϼҵ£һҾˣԾЩӱܣһҲζѵ羹̾һһ£̾˵ľ̾ûˣȴҲʼղϽǰͷĻ
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¥֣ǽĵĹ涨ѧѧһղɷϣҪʲô赸滭࣬ĹƶҪȥϣն಻ѹ21͵˲žǸŽһصˡ
ȳԹ緹Ĵȥ˸ˣͷű˼Ƶӵҹ͸ǼӵſҦί˼ֵܻԷϸúõĺӣľ͸ɴ໨ëǮʮϾһ˷һ
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ǼҵûŮ˼ǲСţԼϱҪȻϱ춼ˮ
ˬشӦСţҼãҸժһӣȳţ˵ǼҲôЩըˡ
ллɩӣ̴˲ע⣬ﶪһţ⣬۾
Цˣ˲ռҲռˡ
һҷż٣пգڼҰ˵ĵؽһ飬ҳȥûüˣζѬԺӶǣѻҶѬˣҲűӣӲͷƤڳɲ̰࣬ˣȥһڱǹֵʳﲻˡ
Էʱ֣ӼСԺͻȻһ죬ˤ˸ĴͣžһǴӸߴѸ˶һҷ¿ӣܹȥô£һҺͽ£ǺúóԷ׼Լȥһʡ
ʱԱһɩӺһ䣺֣ӣôˣˤˣҪæ𣿡
شɩӵ֣ųĻʧˤ˶ˡ
һ֣֣ԲԲĿ˳˺һ֣ûû죬ɩ˼ʲôģģŮĿֵȥˣһҺͽĶԿһۣˣ֣ӺϱǳĲͣͷû˵˿ڽǣڲȥ
һҴӺ˼һɽʰ𣬻˵ҪҰڣҦίһڹϼӲˣýһ
Сţʱĺɫװһӵ棬˵ллɩӵİæ֪ժС±ûȥڡ
˵Ż֣ųִ֪˭ŵ·ҪŲƵģСţҲˣʼղǼˣģҲȥ֣лľͻȥˡ
ȲСţˣϴһ֣Ӽȥ֣ɤ󣬵һֱھǶѺãЩɩӣΪڼҽԺзչҺŵӵĹһֱЩ۸ڶģ̫ϼûйɩǣƫûɩйҪ࣬˺ö˶ٺɩЩԸ
ԲԲӣţվ֣ųſڣý֣Ӻɩӣͽӵ֣ǼסýϵãиʲôԵĺȵĶġ
һŲŴ򿪣֣ųԼţһɫŰ࣬Цϻмϸ̺ۣɱȻһҿ¶ˡ
ѸٶһЦϻմˮӵݵǰ֣ţ֣Ӻͺ𣿸һӣţҲ
ֽ֣ӹӣҪ˵ллȴӲģǶ˯һͷ˵Ͷˡ˵ͰŹˣûȥεվ˻
ӣ̲סһ䣺Ҫˣ˯֣Ҳûôһͷңңؿ˻ɩӺɩͷֹֻ֣߹ȥ
Сô£ɩӵ״û֪İԣûĹϵ
֪Ҳ˸Ÿ˦˦ϵˮ
˰ɣźͶϱסһܴú𣿡ɩҲһסҺùŲѣסһֱסԼϼңһżһأӲܹƽ
꣬ǵģɩȻԼڲˣҲñǿ׿˵򽻵֣ôõˣҪţҪͷ
ĳһЦ֣ҪţƾͲô˵ˡ
˼䣬Ҳûʲô͸Իؼȥˣ˳Զٺõġ


118 
ϳԷ, ˼ֵҦϺͷŵû, ڵ
ȰѼƵǵ, ¥¥µĵ, СԺ˼ĵط, ׷ܣſС³Է
Ҧһž˵Ǹһͷİ׷ڳķзϴ, ͻһҶ, 뼦֣Ϻеůһ, ˡ
³Ҳģ˵Ҫȥʳ, ʹһԷڡҦ͸¶³ʦҵ֪Ѿһˣûؼ, һҷ򸾾͵, ˵
ȳ, ʰ꣬ͷŵϹ, ҦϰѻһҽеСԺм, ˭ò, ˭Ҳ˵˵˼䣬ְſڵ˼ֵܽн
˺Сվ˵ҲºȲ裬ϡؿۣڵģҪ˵ʲô
Ҧ˵³ͷϢ¸׳ͷ˻תƵͳƽòԶ
ͦģһҲ⣬ȥ׶ܱſʼһЩϢطˣȻನû׳ͷתƵϢƺͷͻи𶯷Ϳ˭͵˭պûˡ
ǳأһ˼𿿹һЩתͷͷϷľͷ׮ӵĻң޲úʮܹ߰꣬ǵ¶Ҳ岮ôµģǳԿûǰ˴ţʯͷӣǰʮ磬ʮԽ󾢲㣬Ҫ
׳ͷˣ˶ҦҦļ磬ϻ͵ܵȥСˣ𣿸˵˵
ʱ˼ֵȥ׶ҽԺȥ˳һأ˵ھԭãǲ̤ҽԺĴţ˿ţȻûпúܽžͻᱻ¡
һҵͷͲҦίûа취£ǵֻ쵽Ȱɡ
׳ͷתǲǺ£ȫû취жϡ
¶³и˵ģǰϦκŴźӴϻˣӰĸĸס
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Ŷǻϼң³Ҳûţʰϼңסϡ
κڻĻϣһʱʶսѣϻؼ滹ڴûˣڻϾͺƣһȾƣͶսͷĳٸ𱾴תƣǰͷļļ꣬תƣ֪³и׳ϲ£Ҷ֪ŵϵ³οһһû˰ϵ
ս͵͵͸¶ҪתƵģǸʱڴĴǡôʱҦĵ籨ţæͨڽ飬ף³иԷʱ򣬾һ䡣
³иһˣ˲úͶӶ棬վͻʦҦҪô
֮ǰ³и˵Ͼ쵼ʶдţýŴȥܿϣܶտż֣ǽžܾˣ³ûӶԸ׽֮飬ӽų³ͷ磬ûвĳɳ𣬺ֳ֪ˣ˷ֱ𣬽ֻǳ䵭·Գٵضѡ
ҦҲǶ˺ü죬ͻһ˵˵£һҲи׼׼ʲôҦ룬һϣȻףҪǸϣôϴƵʱͻƽС
ҹҶɢˣһļ尲ͷҰż֪룬Ψһ£طɢԡ
İã˵ƣ¥ڷ䴲Ц֣һڿҡϲҲƺ˼ʲô顣
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֡һҰסͷķ䣬ζ㡣ְůԼͷ
Ϊѵ飿ĺһҡһǰһҡֵƽͷ
ģǲû˵ΪʲôʦһҰ£ڻҡͷ˵ʼǸԱ׳ľԱ
Ŷ͸Сʣ˭ģ
ǱСϵְҪһЩġ
һλ󽫾ľԱһһѡЩ˵һָÿغżһУܰڹҴʮʱ͸Ψһָҵĳ١
ԭΪֻ˵˵£ѻ˵·ˣ
ǣͷˣɡһ˵úܺȴˣʼ׶ıɳ...ƻб䣬Űҵ
λʲôˣץѣһ䡣
һҿһۣ۾Ǹ־³һ
ĵһˣֻǰǴҲǴеˣעŨīزʵĴ棬û뵽ʷôȻԼһ֮ң
˵ЩҪЩʲô𣿡֪һڳɳ˳ˣ޵ķʸ
ҲȷҪʲôǽҦί˵ͷת˵طȴû˵³ʦʲôһ˺ܾãŵóһۣǾǣԽʱԽڣ׳³ʦҦί³ҦˣҲҲ£ͷһʱ䣬ж᲻ᲨǼңһʮȷҪк
ıۣϸλƽõƽְָλûмǴĻʱףĴƽͷչӰӺһҲûиˣĲ²Ҳûдܽ
ͻһѾƽСӣƽﲻǴ³Էҳ̣δôΰϣĶЩĻţǼʲôӰɣ
ģһΪˣ˱˵㣬ģ۷ʲô£Ҷͺ·ġ
ں˵˵ʲôãֻΪҪ˶ѡʲô··һͲͲҪ˵ġ
һҾЦЦڵһŽ׵ݣôôոģˣҾ㣬ǼҪʲôѡ񣬻˭򽻵ʱҳˣҲùֵġ
֪ˡĿ÷ɿ죬Ҳ̫̼ˣ
һʼΪһֻǸƫԶʦС٣û뵽Ȼе̨ԺҪԼɷõ㣬ܲܵʦɩӾͿˣ̲ס͵֣һڣôá
һĪˣԼҲ֣Ҳûôˡ
ǰô仯ô˻ţùǵù
ͷˣ˯öᣬ֪¡
ĽȥǶϸ˴ֳͻһһ£˵֪ơ
ɩǲˣеʣĽɩǿɲ٣Ҫ֪׶ŮҲɷ򳳼ܣжͥĻ
һҲ˵Щ̣ЩĲɣע֪ܺƶԽһЩСĻѣŪǷ޳ܣһҲȥעҦίһ̬ȣԶ˼ɡ
аɣߴˣİһˮǰֿʼԼ˵⼸ŹĻӦÿ쵽ˣôٳûж
յ˽ĵţЩȣŮǰĵַ˵»ö˶ô˵ûģΪҲǿ󶼻᲻֮˭֪ҪڽҪ˽ҪһֱֻҲͰˣɿǵӣʮֻҲڻ£Щġ
ţҲûرżأǻ˼죬ͼ˳з±Ŷʡ
Źͬ⽭ĵ飬Ǹ׵ˣֵĵطʾ;ܾ
ȴΪԺͽļףҪȫŻıÿβֻͼ۸񶼶ˣȨԼͲͬʱҲ硣
յŵʱ򣬼ɨäѾѧˣææµµģʮһŸһҹ˸򵥵գû죬սѵʡȥˣ൱ץʦļӱѵʱ䲻˵˺ܿͻ
֮⣬һ£֣ӻ̫ϼȥˣһߵģھӴкʱ䶼ûУ֣ȥĻ𳵡
֪µʱ򣬻ǽȥѧУɩӺɩſڿϽţ˵ͷ䣬߿֣ͷԺӱߺ뿪ġ
֣뿪գ·ɩӼɩι֣ų֣ǰͷţһ֣ӦҲû˵ȥĶɩΪֻȥϸϼҼĶѡ
û֣ӣֻһ˴ӣ֣СԺＦɹӿ֣żͷѵҲ֪֣ӻϼˣڼҴԲԲأÿ춼һͷҷȥϵѧ
Ǹģһͺͽ˵ˣ裬˵֣̻ϼȥҪԲԲˣ˵֣Ҳˡ
һô£Ǵ˵¶һСҲͰѷĻתһѡ
⻰Ĳţţɩ˵ģ֣ӴûŮ˭˵ӣȥԲԲִģô᲻ҪŮѵǰļܣ
ԺϵëߣˣҪ֯Χ̧ͷ֣ͷȥ鷳֣˺ãڼһͷųˣ뿪Ϣ˵ټĻᶼûУҲ֪ز


119 
ɨä, չϻй飬ľʹЩ, Щͬѧ, ҲҪһٿü, һ۶ˮ׻ųϱ, ԹɩӸ˵ڿϵҽʦĻҪñⵣ˸ȥϿεͬѧЦˡ
ҲһͬѧУŽ̨ϴƵĽ, в, ˶࣬ԼɤֻˣҶʲôĶҲи̣ɨä໹Ǻ, Ϊһ˶ٵĿγ̡
һܺ󣬻һҴʡѵ, Ÿ˵Сϰϰһֿʼ˶ڲ˺Ͷڲ, ײ, ʲôʲô, ¶ڹֶˣű, ضڲ˵ĻƵöڵʮһ³ȥ, ȥȱ˵, ֺͻһһɽȥʰȥ
ÿ˵಻࣬ҪҲæţƺû
Ϊٺͽͷ⣬ԴǱߵţɣҲûҹգôĴɩӣ껹Ҫʮţ𣿡
ֻҪʮԼԣĻȥһЩľҪˣֻһʧػȥýҲþ뵽ŹǷţľ͸ˡ
Ź˼ǲԸ󣬲ȻճֻϽģˣƫƫһ˳Сץŵ˼Ȼ˼˵öԣв˶н飬ǳԵмͷֺõϸ΢ͷ
ΣҲøСһʸŹдżȰ˵ָСҲ˵籨Լվ棬Ҫͷϸڣ˵²Ͳġ
æЩֺͼɩһײˣ̳Ŵ׾ƣȥǻЩܴžЩĲˣҿŶԷʲôܻȳһЩ
֪ʮͷʱˣҲ˶ڲ˼ŮǶʼæµ˵¶ڶԷǰǶŽ
ΨûвǶڲµģ֣ųɩӣԲԲСѧ·һ㶼ˣԲע⣬˾Ͳ֪ߵĶȥˣľǳţˮȫĵط
һԲԲ¥һ˯ˣҲΪǼ˻ˣˣǵ֣Ӻ֣ųҪȥҺˣ˵ҪȥϱھӶ˵ͲҪæǷҵ˻˯á
굱ʱ°Һӷ˼ҵԲԲ󣬰ڻ֣Ӳӣ֣ƽôǿһˣһصŴҵ棬ĬĨᣬھӶȥ֮ǰ˵꼸䡣
֣ӻϼˣ֣ɳȥѧϰѵʮŮʱʱСԺĿʹЩȥѧصһܰո𣬿ԲԲС˯˶Ҫ޵ģ껹Ҫϰ࣬˲ִӵ¾Զ׼ˡ
ƽɩҲûദãôЩûһ˹ȥ֣ÿ춼æŶڲ˺ԼһĶֵص¶˵š
糿ӼҽȥϿΣĿһͷҷģۣ˳ıӣָΧΧһȥ˴С
磬ɩӺͻɩӻѼ걧ԲԲǣŷˣһ˵ӣɩӣ嶼֪㱾´󣬵ҵĺӻԼҺͷ˵Щ³ذ֣ͷϵͷϡ
ͷƤʹޣ±һᣬǰҽ
ɩֱڿ죬ʱ飬ԺаĺģϵѼǲҪˣĺӣЩҲģ˲С˳ͷôˣҪԼŪ𣿡
ɩҲϴ֣ϼ巼ȴһִˣһضǣºƢɩɫˣҲվһ䣺ʲôУ˭Ƿˣ
ɫףȦأǰϰ࣬ҹû˯ãɷȥˣһˣ۳ġ
Ҳһߣǣ϶¥ȥɻܲϣӲڿߣӵ˵ˣ˭ܴ˵
㣬ҺͻҶˣվ˽ͷȴ֪ʵǴ˵ķҲ޹ģֱվ˽ֱߣĹĿͷԲԲ
Ȼ֣һ⻰ҿ޵ģͿˣϱԲԲҲ庢ӣɩӿۣᣬ֣ӺʹҶн飬ƽۺӣҶŮá
ͲˣǺӻͺһ棡˭֪ʲôҲ֪Դʲôҩ֣ڵʱ˻ܴкŻϼˣ˷ദˡ
ҲЩǺ֪ƢЩ֣Ҳмߵ˼ܵˣ㲻ɩӣذɣҼҲӭĿˡ֣ӹϵǺãϵûõͷȥ
˭ϡĪߵʱҲģܷǷӿޣԲԲͻͷˡ
ƵţͷɩѼᵽʳ﷿ȥȹٳԡ
ûЦݣסĸ첲裬Ҹ衣˵ֽлһܵܣһСǡֻССģػߴﹾسŲȫĸ衣
ĺͻλɩӿˣЦɩӸ˵ŮġСԺɾмСްˡ
Ц§ŻҺݺݵһڣͺɣԼĺӺá
ҹһһ˵𲿶ӵ£ԭ＾дѵΪ죬ųӪɳȥѵˣҪŲ֣ųҲУôʮһ²Żиʱȥڶ
֣ôʶôĻ飬ԵǸưͿûͻһҽ
һ˵ǵҸиųİΪ˼ӣöҽ˵кˣȥ׶ҽԺ˴򣬻¶𣿡
˾ɩӣĻΪɩеģû뵽ôۣѹ֣Ů
ԣ֣ųӣܶ๦ͣɩӺͽˣտʼɩӳ˲ٿͷġһҶ֣Ĺϸ˽ⲻ֣࣬࣬³ʦһ·ϵֱ䡱Ƿǳѵġ
ɩƢ֣ŵҲû˵ʲôǾͲ֣ΪʲôϱϵУ֣ˡ
...һҿһ˵˵ǰЩ꣬ɩϺ˴ôӣ˺öֵҩ壬ﶼö˼֪¶ͣ˵
ʱʲôͲʲôӶ޹ϳ߰ҩԸЩˣǰҲ鿪ʵһˣڿţЩ޳
ĵɴ۾...ϾԼǽŮŮܶô׷أ֣Ÿѹˣ
ʲôһҷ֣һܵ֯ԵĽӣȻҲӦϼֵܵҪÿټʮǮȥҲҪ֣ӽӹæˡ
֣ϼһܵܣ˺ӣ֣ȴֻ֣ţŮȻҪǷĶӶϱˣ֣žʹԼЩǮƱֵܼ
ֻǿϧɩӲ֣ŵ飬ͷ֣Ŵˡ˼֣мҲΪѡ
ʱһҺͽĶ뵽һ飬Һûϵͻûкһһ𣬹ƻСԺ֣СԺҪһٱֹ
̾һ䣬ѡ
ִһǣô֪ô¶ûҽӺ֪Ƶ꣬϶кö˼¶֪ͽøƵġ
Ҳֵó˵һҵ˼Щ棬¸¶˵͹ȥˡ


120 
ķ޸ո̾Ѷϼ, ֵܿǼˡ
ǰдûһҰӻҵ·һҲû취ͽҸľ, úðʦѧ, ѧľҲ, ʦʱʦ, ųˣֻҪͬ⣬͸ǼǮƱȥᵢѧա
ɻˣ˵ͬһҵ, м䶼ֻһһ, ǾĳˣҲְԼֶӣҪһҪŻӪδܵ, һϻҲǹҫˡ
һڶҹ, һôõģ֪ĺôô뵱ԵĿͷ, , ǵðƤǵ㣡
۽ļ, ĸʹţǺ˵һЩС, Ҫúù, ѵúͰ˵, κ¶ҵͷϣ޲ðкöŮ
һôһԱȣ͸ˣѻɵŶȥ
ļùţһֲؿ꣬ҵ𣿡
˵һ֪⣬һɣ޷
ҵǲǼͻŵԤڡԼľ˵ģ֮䣬æ֣Һװæժ
һס⻰˵̫ˣԵʹԹһм⣬ԼԹͷͲԸֶپʮ꣬ѧ㱾£Լı¶š
֪һƣƶԼĻҲ̫ͬ⣬û˵
21ʱ׬ǮԶԶֹǾʮǰͷмʮ򣬵ԽļŮӣһִµʱ򣬸ĸ˫ʼƣģչ˺ͷֵܽã˵ϹͷŽͬͬĸֻǲͬĸͬɳүү̸һǮ˶ֻڴǮ˻ԹԼѧܾα飬˭ҪǮҪæǣҪԵǳ˶ûȥ˵
룬ûһȥһҲãͲмˡ
һȻͬ⽭ĵ˵Ҳû취ο⺢ƷóȻһɫäͽӣ˭ΣžŰɣùΥԭ£Ǿûٸɻš
һδƽһ
дһżܼ̣˵ҪһźǵƬ뿴ҳ߳ûС
ûܾǰӴȥĵƬһŻһңĹȥһұЩʼռǳôСĺӶڳˮϼңӽʱ䲻ŲʣĵĴ̬ʡԼǷĹСǼ
ĸɣôһء۰ӣϣӺԼ׽Ҳ֪Ůӵ࣬һĸֻ֪ӽʮֵĻ˼Ҳܴ
ο˳ٿ꣬ԶĴɩ𣬾֪ŮǶôѵ£д˵ɩкü£ֽŷף׵ЬӴȥȥϰˣҲ˯ţһһģһ̥쳣ࡣ
һҳ⣬Ӷȹ˿ʼǼ꣬ƫƫǺûмǼֻ꣬Լ֪ѣǼǲá
裬ѧУýܸĸʱﶼ˵úҰֽлһңнģסڼ壬ĿˣҸһˣ
Ҷӡ󼸺ûУѾûˣ˵ʵǺ˸еġ
룬Ҫ㣬ԼĺӲԼףƵȥ
ôһ˵һŰѺӵƬĳȥ󶼲С۶ˡ
˵ɩҪӵ£ĶεСãɩãܵøδĺ׼ʲôĳʵԱʱ˳ָС緢籨»ؼʱĻͰæȥһС˲Σ׼ʱһĻȥ
С˲Σԭ˵ĸиСҪ飬Ǽһ첼ǡȥˣɽ˸˲ΣõصķԼɹã׼ԼõģҪȢϱ͵вͷﲻҪ˲ΣҪĺ첼ɫļ£һɫױзŽгͶһȦܱ
Уͻһҽʱ򣬴ɩ͹ͬ£Ǹ첼أɫ̫ˣһֱڹûһ̫ʱóɹһ̫֮֮ϧ˲αôɩĺ첼ģôشɩҲ֡
˲κͺ첼ӵʱ򣬽ľԼռ˱ˣҪСҲԼ˴ˣýԴϲ
ĺ˵Ҽﻹһһģһĺ첼˭в˲Σ뻻첼ģҾͳɡҪԼҲһʱһһЩܹ˵Ĺؽڵ˶ʹҪҩƺȡ
СϽǶκ첼һҸЦݣͷɣ˲αȺ첼Ҫ׵á
СҪգİѺ緹иɩӺͻɩӣ˲Σȥ
СûͷǴϺ£ĵطı紵ɫˣԼգż£ôķ磡
СͷһЩ磬ֱ˵ˣǮҲˡԼؿڣȴûóôǱߵô˵ֱúܿ죬һ¶ûʲô˼ûǮүүֻصԲϷʱ˶СҲֱԹ
ȻԹҲѶŹóС翴꣬Ĭڶ֮䡣
С㣬ǵԵû취ϡСŸСԭսſͷνдС֡
ȴ˵ѾȥֱֻƻҪյʱáǣһҪ˵²˵Ҫ˳һ˳ġźҿܲܰĵַ㣬ԼҲдȥʡ˵ˣǸ˹ˣҪúú˴򽻵զզġ
Цһһۣ˱Ӷ÷ˣӶóһӣݸҪǮģٸҼŹҵƱͷ̵д۵ûп
Ŀһۣ࣬͸ƱСҲǰǼŽóҪȥ𣿡
ˡ֪СǮǺܽģǮڰͷСǲǮ
С磬ţҪʶһˣһܸһٽţɣҪĻ...Сϴߡ
ְ֣ѾǧǮ⣬ЩЩСĻˣοֱֺֹܰԴУ߾ҲҪȥһģʣǶĻƱĻˡǰѻ˵ǽˣС㣬ֱ£һðңҪΣβɣǾΪֹҲԲ⣬ܵȥ̸
ɽʱƢҲֳӲģ˵ΣͲٸı䣬˵Էѵַ㣬˵ѾðˡնŹӣпܻܾ浽Ǹ̶ȣǴҾ͸λǷ
ֻֻҪǮԼã׬Ǯ÷ָҡûʲôмݣõİ취ǲ룬Ǯ
С̧ͷ죬ǦɫĺƹգߣŹҪѩˣޱö౸һС˯ҹӣϵŵǮһûǮϱҲãֻͬ˽ĵվС㣬㻹Ȼȥɣ춼Ҫˡ
Ȼͼͬϵƣ˾ۣɢŮ֮䣬Ϊһ⣬˫׬Ǯ˫棬ӦߵþԶû뵽ҲˣûЩ϶Ҫ籨治֪󻹻᲻磬᲻ټ档
Ŀ鲻ãԼҲеȻѶŹŸˣ֪Լ¶ҲˣѴţݸ˵һȰ˵ֱһϾ͸㷢籨
Сֻǻ֣ʾԼ֪ˣһƣġ


121 
С, ĵҲ̫ãܾԼС磬ȥͻһ˵, , ɷĻ, Ա˯ź, ˵Ļ
һ§סҪ鶼ԼɿѧԼദķӵѵɼϲȥǰʧҹڶֻȰԼ, Ҫ, Ҫһʱ䡣
̾˵ԼԾĶˣοС֮ǰ, Ҳûֹô⣬ֻͷ, ͲԸ֣ûвɢϯȥ귢, ʵҲǱųȥĴ, Ϊ˻⵱ʱͷŵ
ô˵, ɵڶһĻ̲סŹдһ, Ȱ˵СӴ, ˽ˡ
˶ڵò, ֿʼ½ϵȥЩö׼߼ĻϼȥеЩУɩӣ֣ŻƺܷԲԲԼ˯˸
˽ĵ鷳첻ͷɹһûûһˣĶԷҲûƽкóԵĺĻǽһݣͷҲǰͷصûĹ˲
ɩӺɩ˶ԷԲԲǺɫģҶ˵ⶼ֣ӴǰǼһµĺԵȻԸĸԸȥƨɡ
İͺӣһҹȥɨäϵĿΣһÿضȥͺǣһĿߡϿΣҲеȵˮƽͽĵԤڲ࣬ûκλľǺڣ˳Уû鷳õġ
ƽƽУӭһĵһСѩ
Сѩҹһóһţдģͽ˵ӣڳʲô
ĵĽһ£ǰӲǸոƬ̧ۿߣӣԼЩ᲻ðѺӴȥһѺһأûѺ
һҲЩģɳϣҺ˵ҪӣԼ
⻰һҿ˵ľͲܽˣѧ˴ë£ѻȥľë²ˣߣ֯ӽ֮ȥ곤߳ˡ
һĶԸ⽲лҹ˼ƽͷСӳЩЩͷͷ˼ڶҪˡ
裬ʲôʱȥͷߴ磬ŽǰԸȥȥ˵Ǽһٱأ
ķϵ֯ߣԼС㻹֪ʲôкһٱǲ𣿡˵ҲʱҪСĳȥһˡ
裬ҲȥһһµľߺСܹͻһţҡŽĵ
ӶҶԻһҪ󣬶ԽĵҪʲô˵ʲôŻһңˣˣҾͲΣֻҪһڼңǳܶҴ
Ķû뵽Լﾹ˸ϸĸķΧʱ붼ò˼顣
ȥİ¶Ƹһҡ
ּ֣һȥһһ§סĲӣǳȥ
һɰСǰమӣ֣֮ҪѺ͵ϼҵţЩƣۣΪʲôֱ׳ԣûӦҵҪ󣬶˵롣
ҪڵĴж٣ܲϻ׬ǮˣøҵΡ
˯ţһҰ̿Ϩһ룬ýó˵õӷźˣʹǳȥһˣ˳Դöꡣ
⼸춼Щ죬Сѩ֮˼ѩѩ󣬵óɡñż紵ۣ޿㶼˳ѻҺͷһ͵СҵʱѩͣԼſվ˸ˣǰȥȻǸڵ֣ϻŷԲԲ
Ľˣţ˽ͷ󣬽ȱˮźӡԲԲû֣ӵϤϣ̶£źˡ
֣֣˵ȥˣһȥϰࡣС鷳æԲԲԷ͹
ľ֣ƽհ겻ȥϰ𣿵Ǽ廥æӶǳ̬֣ŷ޽춼Уæ֣ԼģְԲԲӹУɡԹûУûеĻһС
˸лԵҲС֣ԼķѩñϣԲԲ֣ĻֶԽ˵Ǿ鷳ˡ
ıԲԲݣ͵ĺӿɰ־ֽţе䣬ְˣιȥԲԲԵͣʱʱĳ֣óԣ
ɲóԡİóҵһЩС߸Լ档
ͷɩӹˣȥժһˣļҲһѣԲԲڣ˿ǣ˵Ŭ֣СԺͽ˵ϻɩӸң˵Ƿ޳ˣ˵֣ҲҪڼҴӣŮƽȵʱܹһͶŮڼҪ˵ҲݣһȥҽԺϰ࣬ӾͶ֣ţʲôܣ֣źôҲǸųǴѵҲæˣοԲԲŶ󣬻˵
Щ˼飺˵ɩôô䵭أ
˾һҪӣˡһʼ˷˵ȿڶ̥ԲԲǸŮӾѣԲԲ˾Щˡɩþã֪һЩģͲŲʵģԲԲҲͳһ̣ͷ֣ӱԲԲ̺ȵģ˵֣һִŮҲΪ
ﲻЩΪѾȥˣ֣ҲڣҶԸ˼Ҳˣ಻Ķϱסһ͹ĵˣھǶҲ
ҿ֣ҲûзҪӵ˼ôôִأɩӣϳ֣żҲᶺңǵӣû˼ҼĶӡ
˵Ҳǿɩ˵ңԭкüãûжӣϼңûжӵھû˸׵ԼûиӴڽӴͼŮûһɫģŪöžǵӲɡ
ο֣֣гϢһֵϼũ˶ӣûУиԼҲһɷн֮Ҳ̧ͷ˵
ɩӵЩмͬ꣬˺ΪڶмѭֻԼľȥȱ˵뷨Щ߻ħˣ뵽˶Լĺ䵭ݲñ˶ŮãЩɸ֣ԼɷŮƽȣɵЩֲַʲôƽȣȻ֮˱пɺ֮
֪ЩǰķԷԲԲõǶ˼̯裬ѹָסļɩӶСŮá
ѧͻȻ֣źͻһҺŵģ֣ŽӻؼңﻹģҲûؼ֣ɪıӰһ˵˳̵Ĵ˶߶䡣
ĵ˵ҿ֣ӳ绹Ҫġ֣۶ŮܻΪġ
һҲ˵ˣԾȥջȳԷʱ֣СԺŵˤˤģԲԲĿ˳
ɩӹƿۣǽһ䣬÷ԲԲǼҳԷȥ
ֻ֣˾䲻鷳ɩˡ
İֵĺӵͷšúóԷ
裬˵ÿ춼Բ֣ˡһСģҡͷԼʮʼøݴʣѻҲЩԶﴫ
Ŀ˶̵ĳһۣĬĬ˸ͷԲԲǼҡסǱ֣ӵһնѺõ֦ⱨŮϰɡ
һһȥϰ࣬Ļڼҵ֣ŰѺӱأͷȥѧĺ棬ȥԲԲأ
ȥϰˡ˵ʱͷ˵Ļ
üȻ绹ǳ˸ģǾûٶѧȥˡ


122 
һҴѵͷʱ, ü춼ûؼңҲڲӣĳٺСҰȥ, ѵ, 弸Ů˺ӵ¡
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⼸죬֣Ҳڼ, û취, ֻܴԲԲȥϰ࣬˭һģ֣СԺܴӿüؽĺͼɩӶȥ, ǲǴˣɼûʲô˺, ܲȥ˼ҡ
˺Сӣ˻λɩӰæտһ»ңԼֱȥϡ
С翴Ź, һ, ȨԼ, ͶԶŹΪӡ󣬴İֱֻݸ, ˱, ȷϣС, ׬Ǯҿһֶģ»Ҳһ
Ŀһ£ˣһûڣþա
СźٺЦһֱֻһɿһƿƿ׬Ǯˣղŵɢȥ¿ͷ˶Źĵַ˵˶˼ֻ̬ûôױ򵹡
С㣬ҼĺáС羹ѵöԽ˵˾ĵĻ
㻹Ǽǵñȥɡľܾ˵ĵôܵģÿεǣ£æǡ
ظҴԵ𣿡СʡǮЩţػһٷҪ佭ĵġ
ҡͷûУ㶼׬ǮˣҪ鷳ҸֱƾʲôԷΪ籨дվЩǮ𣿡
ĿɿڴƽϣҿҲСˣͽн𹫼
㲻ƽϣ㲻ƽզҳӣ𹫼ڰóȵİӣ֣һǮһ
...ֶָ㣬£·٣֪һСأҲʶһˣӶҳԣ
ǮͲǮϻô࣬ԲԣİѰԼҲһڣվ󣬴ͷˣο·ȥߵû˼ȥҪȻȥˣ̫ˣԼȳɡ
ڰѰ£½ĺҪǮ⻰ҭסˣϽ߰ɡĺͷס紵ͶǱģְϣ˻ſڣĵַҲһ°ɣ¶ܶҾ͸㷢籨
ҪܶС˳ǺͷûϵˣҲ˸С
˺һҧԼĵַдˣֻдռʵԱתСϸľûˡ
ֱּĽƽϸĵַ˸ɢһɶس֣С㣬ҿɷˣϽ߰ɡǵҺ˵ģвȣҿɫá
ĳ˵壬ҲҾףѵ磬ճΪԴһԣ
˵ǶطڣôΪ˺һԣֱּ޲ǰȥˣϽߣˡ
ľûͷˣߵʱ룬ϣŹܸһɫ涼ס
ص壬ѾˣɩӰڼţӹɵڼ֣ţǰߴߴѧУ£ͳӣ˷ָǳԡ
ǲڼңɩӺɩӻˣϿεʱҹżڽļ˵ƣ£˻裬˵ƣ֯ë£򷢹ηѩҹ
ڶʲôʲôҲûȤʵͺһÿ춼¶׮׮ϸ飬ղֻԼż͵Ц
ԭͻҶȥСʹ꣬һֱеԾʱͻſڽˣˣţҪȥѧ˵ܰҿ𣿡
϶һ£ǣӵ֣߱ôˣأ
ͷġ
еջֲǲæαָʹһʮĺǹͷҶǹϵٲãԺҲмְģƺЩɪģþܾЦŵͷȻԣȥѧУȥԲԲ
չ¶Цգ⡱ԼСԺܣʱľһк裬˵ܰæãȥϰ
Ц꣬Ÿߣɷ򳳼ܣԺְԹԹأԼҲû˺üߵ¶˵ҲΪ
ѧУҪˮҪָʦ棬Ͱ˵ܺСǴܣİʦϿˣСվˡʦáߣ룬Լȥ֣żţ걧ԲԲš
Ŀɫ̫õһۣ䲻غһɩӣְԲԲӹԲԲϲ˫ͳŽſ¶һſɰСݣԡóԵġ
ԣһС档Ц˵ɩӣ绹ϹӺӣҪҲ𣿡
Щ˵ҽԺ쵼飬ܴԲԲȥϰ࣬ȻҲ鷳ˡȻҲûǰܵ˼ȥҰ飬⼸أҹƸϲܰæԲԲԵ𣿡
˵ŴӶͳƱ֪˼ʱ򵽻ӪҳԷҲǸƱģʱ껹֣˵СС˼ҳԷƱֵԼˣƤҲʵûô񣬸͵Ļ͡
㣬ľͺãȻҲûӹƱ˵˾ã
գҽԺæŽӴ쵼飬иģÿһÿһƱɩӹżҲæһԲԲ߳СԺȥ
æ꣬Դϰȥˣһɽ髹л⼸յİæûˣлﶼЩʱġ桱ȥ˼֣Ҳܰˣ᳢˴кˡ
ͬʱ½ˣѵڹҪָµʱ򣬽ڼһˮȻһһţ͸̧ȥϴ衣
ɵ˰죬ö˶ˣ½˼˵һҳٳٲ飬վſڣǻһ󣬵֣СԺȥţţ⣬ûǰЩӵĲͷҲͷȥ֣
֣Ÿճ裬ϴˮ̫ȣȫð˸·ͷ˵ҿʦίżٶˡ˵Ӫ̫ܲáͷû˵
Ĳ룬һŵĳٶˣѵɼãʲôɣƵðѵٺ˼룬Ͱڼҵ˻
һһڻҷѧǰˣȻ֣˵鲻̫ãźϼӺڣӱϻеˣҲûʣװˮ·ºԷ
ʱ򣬻һǣŽĵֲſ˵ƸͿϵĲˣ˿е
ѵʧ˸϶һҴڳ棬꣬е㷢䣬ý͵һ˵ͷѵǿҪӴ󡣡Ͷ̶仰ǰϸǲ͸¶ġ
֪ѵɼҲԼֵµıЩ÷ĴڻʲôΪʲô
ڼңҿõĵطһûһ˿ԥķ϶Ͼͽ仰ҲҪġҡˣ㡣
ǣַܽԺǰְֻˣһǰһ˵Լְְְֽиͣա
İʰãֺģҲЦһ£ؼˣһһͺá
ѵûƽ⼸ɩ˵˹⵷ңѪյСӣѵΣӮЩ̫ϵ̨¶˲ͬŵսѣʦڳ¡
׻һҵʱӺζЩŮû취ģֻܲ෹˵;˵Ϣ
⼸лһҵţ׶ģ⵹ϡ棬û׶ţɿּģһ˵æûղţýԼ޲ɶԡ
ĲżЩأϣȻһһ
ҹһҲţ߿üԱ߿Ľһۣ˵˵أҵȥһۡ
Ĵӱһ֮Уһһֱἰ磬ɼ˽黹ǲģ...
ڰѺһȥ翴...һԱߣЩѿڣǿ˿ڣģ...أȥһҲǺġտڲ㡣
ֲһرܾܶȥˣӵĸҲǻһҵǰޡ
һҳûȥſ۴Ϻ˯ӣڶ죬ѧϲҪŴ·ܾòſҪ˴ߡ
һȴȷҲߺǵġ
Ǹ嶯ûдˣǼľѺӴߣʱסĶʲôǸ⣬ҺòײаһҲٻصʧĻȥġ
˻һҵĻŰЩסһҵ֣˵ĸ˵ĻҪǺҲ׽...Ҿͺһȥ׶ҽԺҲУ
һҰ§ڻǲ˵ЩĻ˵ͽӣÿ쿴ŽΧżתæµͣһӣ͸ûԼʱˣûҶᣬֻǾģҪѺߡ
л˵
deadline̫̼ˣ


123 
׶ҽεϢ, Żһһţ˵ʮһѮӵ׶ȥ, һûĻһͬǰ, Լļͥ, Լδ, ΪźȥһЩ֣ͷ¶Խĵأһ㣬ôףŻǽĿżĳ, Ĵ, Ļ⡣
Ŀǰһһæܽ᱾δѵľѵΰųӪæƶѵƻ, ÿ۵ûؼҵͷ˯Ķûʱ˵Щļ¡
֪ɩص˵, ʦĴСһ٣֪ĸ, Ǽǹ, ûй, Ƿǵĵ괺˭תҵϼ, ˵оǸǹˡ
ĵҲ, һֻ˵ҪЩ˸ҭ˻ȥ
ʾͲ, ĻԼҪɨäĿϵòˣæųӿԣҦίûʱ룬ڲӴǰѵ£ܵͷȥᣬ˼ֿڻҳԷӣǾþԱȥͽ˵ӱ̫ѵҲɨäõλ
ɨäֻҪΣڶƱ˭пվͰ˭ûй̶ˣȴǺ֪͹ģԭȥ£˵Ҫ˸ɩͽʦ˵ԼҲҪȥͷˣ˳·ȥ
ˣڵҪʦһʣæýźףһɩӵĻƨߵ߶ðһŷ⽻Ժɩ˵ллͷˡ
κ֪¶ۣѰ¶˵һ٣˼ҺɩӾǿҲ˭ҵɩӣ͸ҵȥ¶ͷ࣬һգ
Ǹ壬Ϊ㲥˵⼸գҹﶼҪûϥǵĴѩ˳ҪСģСУͼʦѧѧòѩûؼңҲӣͳȥѻҺͷһ˻
֪ʱ򣬽ˮӲֲͿһѩ࣬һ䣬ĸӴģűһõĻ
ССڼ𣿡֪ƿͷܰվ˻ϰһǡôЦֵš
תͷһǺ֪ƣüϡͰ˼ţܲܰ˸ϳȥߵſڣ
֪ʵϲԷͷ·ʼûгǲƤЦġ
֪΢̾һ£Ůˣסٶһֱû¶ǲϲģ˼Ҷѣ˵ɷǰͷӺӣ;òԵãôദȥĵãɷε£ģҲ׽¶ֵͷˣ˭˲ġ
Ҳ֪ƣȳƣƤ׾ûµķ˪ü֮гҲ¶һƣз£۾ƭ˵ġ
ʱضò˵ģƻۻ۾ֻ֪̫࣬ձݲ˲٣۾һֱȵģʼǰſϣģͺֲ֪һϷ
ǺڸɨäĲ֪ưǸװƱŷݸóƱԲԡмֿϲ˼е˾ͻƽһƱýҲҲ
ҲûʧŷƱû
֪ƾЦһ£۽мϸƣǿˣ˵ԭֱһҵģɸպڣҲһ˵ţһ¡
ҲĻɩлֱ˵
ҿɾ˵˰֪ϵЦһֱûȥڵǻҵĸ㣬ĸסԺˣ׶ҽԺҲ֪ҺͬѧиͬѧպǶҽ˵ܲãĵ籨ЩͬѧģͰһѡ
ļֱֱԼҲЦһ£ͷʾԼ
ҵ˼ǣЩ¶ϹͷŽοҾ㲻ˣҲ׾˾ˣ˵׾ˣοһҴǰ¹ϵãҪܰͰһЩǲǣ֪һģýĿʮֲ棬ҪǮȥһˡ
֪֮Ҳֻһˣ
ĻǵͷϵЦûȥɩ˵öԣѾ͸֧Ԯ鷳ɩˣҺͻһѾ˵ãʱһȥҽԺˣҲûȥ˾ˡ
֪ϵЦһЩѷ죬ָֻܿѽҾ˵СǸŮˣ
͵Žʣ˭˵ˣɽƫƫûʡ
֪ưѻ˸𸴣ЩûȤ˵Ҫˣͷ
Ҳûض˵ллȻװȻһ£Դ˵ʱ³ʦĴӽŴ޶ؼ̽ףְˣгϢѽѱ紵ͷõЦɩӣҺһҶǼȥףأպڣͰź³ʦ˵һǻȮӣнŵĳϢǷ޾ոㆪ
֪ƵЦݵȥ˽һۣô֪κĺӣܣǼ³һӵˣû֪Ǽҵ飡ѵǻһҺ
Ǹŷ⣬ЦҶݣϹͷŽɩҲܰæŴðɣְĻ˻ȥ
֪ɨĵֱߵ䣬һƬƬһԲЩݵת뿪СԺ
뿪ıӰϵЦҲ֪֪ƶΪֵĵ⣬Ĳ£Ҳʵ巳úܣȥȥǼУӬƵġ
һؼңҲ۵ڿڶ¥ҡϾ˯ˣıƢĺɩ鷳ˣɿЩ԰׵ɫ᲻óһ¥棬̫ˣ¥ǰ˴̺ӡ
һͷ˶ëѩХÿϵȵ̺ӣ¥ϴ˰ھһЩİһͷͻóֶ̲˺ԡ
һҴӶͳʮǮģȻβã˻ȽҵĽš
İǮźãǼڵֽǳģҲ׽״̬ˣȥӵľҲǷ޶˼˳˱Ҫ֧ҲôһǮ
ҺѧУ٣һ¸ͳȥ׶һҿٳͷԼİźҺʦݼٵɣҪȥ̽ʦͬˡ
ǣ̽겡ˣҪȥˣᵢ̫ʱ䡣һյһܵ籨жǡʱټƱͽҶᴦá
࣬ҲŽţҪȥˣΣ𣿡
ΣգеڡһҺȿˮͷȥ룬˵̽꣬׶ס죬̫ãҰ¶ϻͷǣǾͻؼ塣
áİ֪˵Ļ˵һ£ҲȥˣǧҲֲһҵͷϡ
һҳ극ʰһ££˵ҲҪģһٿǮȻǮҪõĴ
е٣֪ʱܹСһƶӵ˼ƽϸʲôأͰ˻˵ǵʱҪǮϡ
˸Ǯ˭֪ʲô£ҪõǮĵط
һҴ§סͷôôˣ˸š
컬ġְԼ練֪ƵĻ˵ˣ˵κŵ¶ӰɣǵûһǱ³ʦߵ۾
һû嶯ڲԣοͲʲôܱܵ¶Ҳǿ³ʦϡ⣬ΪԼԲ˳ˡѹҦί
ķûһͺá
⼸ջһ䲻飬Ҳææµµģֲ̫ʱ
ͷã絽ѩ㲥˵ûҰѩûϥˣԶźÿʵڲ㣬˶ĳһʱҶǰӶĲˡ
⼸ҼһҪɨѩ˵ķõĻϵשƬһֱûݹµѩˣݶѹˣסˣȥޣãҲǼ˲òסھӼȥҪ಻ж಻㡣
ɩ˵Щ¶СͽĴǶԵģȻôѩշֵķӣ˵ϴ䣬Ʒѹ壬ʱһĿͷûС
ĿԼոµСԺ˹ϵĺ£ȷʵڷ絲ĺ÷ӾֵûǮ
һûգľԼʰŴӶȥ׶ʱ䶼û׼̫ණȥѧУ˼٣ֺӴкҪȥУһԴҪöĳС
Ҹ˵ñȻܺͰСǴţˡ
Ⱥͻ̽˿ڷ磺Ҫȥ׾˾ˡǵ𣿡ʵû취㣬˵硣
Դװ۵С˰һڣ˵Ǵ˾˺С˾𣿡˵ǽӺͽ
ĸ£͵ܵܵ׾˾ˡ˵ֵʱЩᣬɲԼľͲԼġ
ͷͷҡͷҲ֪֪ǲǵá
Ҳûǿ;˾˿ܼʱ٣οҲСǲҲ֣أ
ǵáҲûѣסģͷǰҼǵãһд֡
ǵþͺáҲϣǸˣǶһ꺢˵ּ̫̫ˣȥ׶Ҳ
𣿡֪ԼѾĿڽнĽˣԼ費ͬ⣬һԼô죿
ġСԴ㻹ӣÿҪ󿴿ӵĽò϶Ҳ᲻ôӣοֺڣ˭Ҵ㣿
裬᲻Ҫ𣿡Էͱ쳣Уץĵ·Լǰߣϲ裬뿪
᲻ᣬԲᣡİ§ڻôãҾܵСˣ᲻ãĻðߣ͵ܵܶߡ
ֿЦҺȥոջŲȥ̣С֡
ڻңĶˣҶ㼸ûһӡ˵Ҫȥ׶˾ˣΪǽĸ磬۾˵裬磡
СԴʱ˾ͽˣҸ硣ҪЩƵ
รǾ˾˻𣿡СһľС˾˾ʹͽ㣬ƽƽ絽ܡ
һҺüضʼٺվˣľǾСñ֤˯ߣȹʱٿʼЩϵѵ
һѧ˾ĲĻĸܶ
šֱۣ˼Ҳŵȸ㲿ıҲûС͡ģҪǰҶˣôʰ㣡
һЦ۾ﲻ𣿡
ҲУӹҲ꣡ĿŵĺӣͷżҲᵣӦ˻һǾ仰ĸܶЩҡǲǹͿʼȥȦ


124 
⼸, մѩݣ㲥˵еطѩ·, ˽Ҳȥ, û̫Զ, ſ, ͸ĺǶѶѩ˴ѩ̣Ƥӵ²ŷģ˼ֵ̤ѩԷҹû˻ȥһ¥Ŀ˯
˼˴һϢ, ˵С֪, ԷҲǴͳ֪֪࣬ĸ
ѩǰҺ˼ȥͬѧʱġҦｭĴ˵, ûÿϧ͵˵˹ͬʶ˵Ϣ, ЩӣҦϴϤǸĿǰĴҦѾʼѧϰڲˡ
Ŀһ, ʮߵС, ʼ, Ҳ֪Ѽɤɤѹúܵ, мɬģ, ˵úСģ, ̷ƽӦͦĵġ
ǰɡҦƽʲô°漴Ц˵Ҫȥ׶ȥǳС𣿡
֪Ҫİš֪Ǻˣȴʵʵûг̣һûҲ֪᲻˽ȥһˡ
ҳС˺ö飬ʲô϶ϲģҦһĳݣʮĺӣ˼Ī⣬ո˸еģתƣҲתˡ
лɵüˡҲЦкõͷСЩ֮󡱣˵þ⡣
С֪ˣ˿ûϢմѩкüûţͲ̴ҲüûˣȻ̴ƻ䣬Ǹһ𳪡Ī˹ƽϡҹƺعԼĹǳ̷ƻҦίЩ͡
ҲãϽˮ·Ա뺣
Ҫȥʱѩǰͣˣϳ̫ԶһƬ׹ҫĳŶҪͷҲֱѩأѩä֢
ڰ׶Ļ𳵶࣬ÿһˣ˽˳УòӵĳĿˣһţȥվ絽ϣϳԹ緹·ȥĻվ粻̫·Ţ˵Ҳߡ
˴ϻͷñúʵʵģһһǣŽĵֻ֣һ˵ͣͷۣǰôᵣĻ˵أ
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˵ԺҪԼ졣ʳָϻߵܵܡ
Ҳһ˾׳ܣӶҪ
æóһӣҪҲ죬ȴƲ㿪֣Ҫ裬Ҫģ
⻰һƲסˣסʧʹŵûҴڳǻû޹һžͻȫȥһûԥͷȥ
æ§סӣ£룬ӶóһŸɾӵݸ㡣
һֹסҡͷԼӲ飬˫ۺͱӶͨ죬ټһţСس˵ллֵǸͷ̬Ȳã¡
ҡҡͷ֮ʵûìܣҲûᣬֻͨ˻һҺͻ˽ѣο¾Ǹ˹ˣŶ鳤ĻƷȥ
ллչӡԺĸ׵ĹȨǺģЩʹҲǸ裬Һˣ֪Լˣöǡʱ̫뿪ˮأ̫뿪һˡ
Ĳ̫Ը⺢Щ˵߿࣬ʱѾͲҪٸ˵ˣ̧ۿԶмʦһͷһ̨ڰ׵ӻǲĸսӰĺŽǣָԿǵλãúǹȥո֣ǲܣҪĻû
һۣĵĻǣŵܵܵͷȥԹţǶԺڰ׵ӻİΪ·ݵʱ⹫žʹȥھӼҿӣǻʮա
Ű£Ҳ˵̫࣬ǻһĻܶ˵ģǡÿԶԻһڵ˵
Һ뿪ӣҲ뿪һҡҲӵıӰôȴôԶͻһҽˣһӣ¶ķһֱƵ״̬Դ˺ӣᣬ㲻֪Һ
ĵǾʣû¹øߴ׳˶׺ʱ˫ͬǶ񻢣Ҳһʱ֮ж˵󣬿Ӳ£һֱŵᱣ
ץ˵ʱ򣬶ô죬ôϰǧ顣ʱһң˳ְﵱعץ˸˵ĳһôģܵķ˾ͱж˸첲ǽϣҲܶɱĺ
ʮʱĸĸͼ곤ֽ㣬ڲϹ˱صľڽν֣ôӷֱۣһܶһȻصңĸ˫ѾѾʣʹľʱ˶Ҫޣûҽǿһֱˣ˫ѾʵģÿÿҹںʹҪҪˣĸ֮ǰҹҹʹġɴΪֻţҲʱجоѡ
㺦£»һҲǸһš˫ۣ᲻Ҳ͸ĸһʹൽһ̣
ˣŮˡῪڣɷǰǰɷ˵
ʱܻ۸ʱܴĸĸŮˣûһγ֡Ц־ǿز̧ͷ֪סֵķˣȥһСҲˣ뿪ˡ
û˵ͬĻ˭ڻй˱ض㡣
һҲˣȱԵ۶ܸܵΪӣֺγϾģֻ֣ϸ˵ˡ
Ǹûа취裬зݹ...ҾͲǷֿʹģССıӰͣᣬӺܿʪ͸ˣһʱ򣬵һ ӣ²ųʱҶҪˣҺúָֺܽ಻١ңܵʹޣﰮЦҿһ۾˵֡
ӳһҶߣҸɩҵġԻһʼԹк֡
ദʱ̣ȴһԽʵʵԹżԹҲû취⡣
޻˵ʵ̫һҺЩȥǶԹ֪
û˵ȥǸʧ鸾ˣ޴綤ҲԼĽΪ˺ӣͷм󣺡һ˵ס죬ܴǹҼ𣿼һͺãᵢ̫ʱġ
ľľصͷҶһˡ


126 
Էʱ, ӶȥˣҪߣôû취, ľվ, Լʱ, Ҳ, ʵھܾĿҧŵǹġ
ҽԺĴŻҳȥҷԷΪϲԿѼ, һٳ, Թһأûǵˡ
ӳԹ˾ˣϻд˯, ӲҪȥҲȥ, ˸үôߣȥʲɲԶԶЦ, ͷͷ˶, пڱ, һŴżĻ˹ƽкãŮ׶, ÿ϶Ц, ķ, 䣬Ҳûֵסҿֵġ
ҲƲ飬˫˱ûںͷǰͷŻң˫ֻ磬һڱ֣·ǣЦ
ڴǴűЬ÷ҲûȥԣС̫Сˣһ͵̫ΣˣţöЩٶȿء
һȦ񫣬ǻҪһȦҲķŷ磬ӻ˼أо󣬲˲˱ȶˣ˱ҪһཱུǺ«ĸ˷ųԣǣֵյĵطȥƬ
·;̣ĲϤ·ߣ͸ɴһ·߹ȥ·ϣͻȻֱֽ߶˺ܶۼˣһȺ˾һ𣬲֪˵Щʲôһ˽˲ιһǺ«ȥְ˳ϣǣ֣ߵе죬΢ŻҿߣһСܣӻΪϷܵúܻ
˸ȣ࣬·ִ߽·Ƶѧˣϴź//../£Χһ˽żںźܾЩԾ·϶ûЩۼˣǹѲ߶Ҳ˲٣еĻڲ·˵֤ĺˣûб飬˴Сʱߵյĵص㡣
ҵǸʦдյĺӣֿҪ죬٣˺ܶഩͳһװˣҪۼʲô£ͳӣʦһֽӹֽʣµǮ
Ҫ˵ҪƬҽͲ̯ˡʦһͬСƬзһ˵ĳ˵ˣˣȥɣϽ֡
ñһֶŽӹʦϵƬûӵ˵ллԱûˣʦҪʲô𣿡
֪ʦܽϾİˣԶʧܶ˵ֲͷ˼úõķԣʱʱһ⡣ִȥڱţ˵кӣðҲţ˶ĵطҪȥ
İƬźھɫľɲлʦϽҹվ˰·ߣ׶ʵ̫ˣǼ߾Ϳ£ʹԱһ򳵵ˣŴһдȥ˶࣬ÿ˶ŻؼңӼͬһλϣԼվţΧôͷֵϵĶ°ʱѲ˿ǹ벽߹ͽͬĳ˿Ͳ٣ͷȴû˵ۣϢľĬ
ʮӣڵվİѾ˯ŵĺҡѣΧŻڴ˯ĻңǣŻ˳ԱߵķݿٳԹĸŻȥд
Ȼ֪ʲô£ûЦݣֻмٵģҲҺһˣŻҪȥ̵￴
һдţ¥ȥӱ¥ˮϴţдĴšһиԱһӣҴҽţˣͷһϵë˲ò֣¥¿Աϴţ֪˵˾ʲôְѵϨˣֻǰͷһС̨ƣǿ
иԱ˸һȥţô˯ҹﲻҪƣҪԼ֤Էӵļ飬鷿鵽ſڵʱ򣬽İѽŵȥСĵʣͬ־ôˣôͻȻҪ֤ˣ
ٳšǷԱͷڵǼסֽϴû˵̧ͷ˶ķţнǰɣ
ԣҡĵͷ
 ļӼ籨⡣ǷԱһֽŵӵݸոʵԱõģȥһţ˵ͬĶ
˵ллѽպãţŴ籨ǻһ緢ġ
һǸģֻл𳵵гźӣط˻𳵡
ڶǸµģֻм֣磬뾩
ĲһӾͿ˵籨͵ػͷϴֵĺӣıסüֱҪĳһЩͷΣϣһˮ˿÷ǣƽԼĽŸУְѸµǷ籨ҪùȥˣҲܳȥ
ǽĺ˯ӣصƣ¥ҵԱһܳȥҵȥҽԺ
ǷԱɫЩΪѣҲûѻ˵ԭϣǲϣȥģ¶Ҫ죬ǵƿȺߣ֡
ˡлǣȥ£ȥҹ˯
һҹͷƽǰһҹ·ż̸۵ȰֻԶ·ƻڷƵĹ
ɫڵʱ򣬸оļ˯ᣬһ¾ˣƿӣеһ䣬ֱһ㼦Ƥϰ´ϣ
Ҳˣ۾ҪȥĴȥˣֶ裬ȥһͻܵҪˣ·ҹϴ֣Ը
裬ȥĶۣرȥˣͷʵ䡣
ȥƱͷǳ˱͸ûˡߣ֤ģһģҰϣ͵ܾܵڷ￴òã
ţ֪ˡ۾ͷһᣬ˯ˡ
ûĹ飬Ѹµĵ籨ͷţ¥һ˵ҪȥȻͻأæӣǷԱɫ磬˴ţȥȥ
߳дͷȣϰĻûţڹ𼱻ȥҽԺСȥסԺͷвϢͬļмϴˮġ
Ĵڲſڣͷ˯һŰϳ
һģмֽƵ飬ʱѣͷɢµ͵ܵ...
ס죬ʾ˵һЦԱ߱ѵǸǣҪǰȥ˱飬պ·ˡ
ЩɻؽӹĸǱ飬ⷭһ£ŵ籨ϵ֣Ҳͫ𾪿
ܵ΢װʱĴ˵ˣҪȥӼҲ׼¶ͦæġ
᲻ãҲ֪ҲĺʱǼĶֻȽĸУֻһ뵽ǣʪǼ£ץŽĵ֣һҪǸдš
áĻҪȥվƱûã֮ǰ߿˵Ҫ졣
ؿһۣѸٴЬӣվ΢΢˸лл㡣
ʱûʲôǰ޺裬Ϯ˵˶һ
Сܣȥվػʱ䳤ѾɵˣƺЩڣɴģȭͷϤĿںţѲߵĶҲ˲࣬䶼ƺмֻҡ
˻վ˼ˣſĴʦ䣬þǻʳƣ˵Űִڶż򣬼ƱĶŵϳѡһ̵Ķ飬˺һ󣬶ֽŷֵǮƱнŵϣѸ˻طƱƱԼû緹ͷۻſ˼ӺͶ̻ʳȥд
ͻѾˣŽĵĻҴ·˻õܵȥ򣬺ˮԴ˵Ȼͻӹɵڷ俴ľͷСżҲû֣˵һģѾ֮ǰˡ
ʱӰ߶£ӴϱɱſڣȺţ裡
е㷢ŰŴ򿪣һţͶ£ѺӱסǣʣȳԸӡѻѹ⵫ȵİó
ӳ԰Ӻˮİʰһ飬ܣûж£ǵס̫Ѿ·ߵĲѩŽӡ뻮һĺͷԼдĴŻǽյġ
ǳŬӣȻǧ裬ܣ֪𣿡
֪Ѿгоˡ
ʣ裬ҪȥĶҪȥ˾𣿡
ҲȥһҪȥҲȥнٴȥҽԺҪˣ˼
Դȥǻؼҡ
ЩԺ˵Ҫס
Ұأʡ
ͷʵҲ֪һҵĶôͻȻߣԺӣܻţͷĺһԶһǲɴĻţٽ·̵궼ûš
һƺû죬ĲŰϣǣдķ䣬ǷԱҪ·̫࣬ͻסһзġ
Улл֡һСߣԶŹվ̨һ˶ûУ·һгҲ÷ɿ죬ûȥȳǰߡ
ĶԻվ·߻м䣬ź··٣˳ҲֻǵˮܿͽݣкҼһţ˺һҺۣҲһֱһ˫۾Ų⿴Žģ˵ľ崫ݵ˺ӵϣͷֱ۹Ľֻͣǣöӡǵûվſڵİ뵽Ҫˮˡ
ЦԭҲҲǲè
¸·иվվģĻһݣһѱصĺӣһ·ȥͷɢ˾ںӾƼɴɲһƱԱ£˲Ʊ
ֻˣվȥģƱԱͷĿյĽֵ죬ʲôû˵
˻վ·һʮӺĸɱʵûĸɱˣڻطԶҹĻ𳵾ܵҲԵġ
Сʱ𳵲˸۵ĽźӵȳĻһҵİΣͷˣôֿʼȺۼˣӹģС
ĶŬԼѧʷΣһƬհףֻ֪ʮҪݣһ֮ǰģĵشֹͣ䣬﷢ɣͷҲûֻص塣
վʱûбʱʱվ̨ÿ˶뿪ͷ飬ĲҲɻط˳ˣʮӲŵȵýˮǷΣӼǶҳҲҶ⣬ỹҪȥ¶ߣ۾شһС
ϳʱĳ˿Ͷ࣬ͣһСʱӣϳҵԼλػӲôϳˣͷ벻ɢȥȺ˳ĵİ˵㣬óһҵĵ籨ȥؿгţٿʲô
뿪վʱͷĺƽ˼Уİ§ڻסǶ䣬ǿͷԼҲ۾ߵÿһ㣬ٿһ㡣
˴󵨣̽ſгԱֹˣѸٰѳϣڵ˽ȴ˹̸


127 
һǰһҹ˾ǵؽ, 𳵵һСվ̨³ʱ컹, ֱ, Сʱ, ˳, ۣվ̨ȼһѻ𣬵ȳΧȡůŲӵȳ
ĽŲ, 籨Ǹİ˷, ȴùģ֪ʲô£ҪһˣļڱͲ, ǽ̽£Ҫһ, Ŀͻۡ
һͬ³мʮˣһҿһۣûпر, ɫŨ, ͷҲû, ֣ǶѿȺ, Լֽſů, ˵㶫, ҪȥҸطıŶ
һˮȻڴţ˵ԼӳһʮǮʣ۾⻰ö죬תͷȥһÿݸˣʮ꣬ƤɳڣЦһӣ̣Ų۾̻ҵ

һҿҲת˻һһۣЦ÷٣³һ̣Ż⣬ϵı·˵ּˡ
һվֱһΧˣᶯֵˣӦöڵȳͨˣ˵ĳ֣޼ɵǰľĸ
Էͽĸսʦʱڻļ磬дǹǰʱһģǱ˵壬鷳ⷢ˼Ӽ籨Ҧίæˡ
Ҧί˵ˣ쳣
ֳپվȻڵɺϡ
һ̵̣ٶӣԱߵ˵ͷġ
һߣһҶ˶ŲȴûȥڱСģԭؼ
Сʱҹվ˱½ϳΧֻʣ¼һȴˣǰҶǿյûпڲصĵطӾƽո
ͦİӺͷ˳վڻһԱߣǸɿģ
һԱһֵۣ˸̣ƵָŻУƵ磬ٵͳ˵һȳ˶ȡůû
һһתŲͷķȥ
ʮӣҲˣƣֿһҲڶȭͷƤЦмӪж˹ͷ
һҶ֪Ǻ·
ϻһ֣ǴǰһҺսѳý֣磬ʳһ仰˭ʲô
һμҾ˵ˣĻԽһ硣ǽСǰϻص£ָָǰͷվ·߰ɡģҪ
һԭ϶˺ͷǾ仰ŶǰͷԼںͷȥܺòԼ¡
ǰͷߵúܿ죬һţϲֱţǣűߵıо
˻վԼɿĴͳһѵͲݸһңִһ̧һг¶Ѭڵߣﳵ㡣
һҲǣ˭
ԼϵЦ¶һ˿׹⣺̫࣬Ȼ֪϶Ҫ졣
һҺ֣ȴãɴԼһѶֵͲг·ˣһվڻվſڡ
һſڵĵվһ󣬸ߴӰмƺǱ׵صȥ£ûȥֵظոյԱߣԾƶ
ҹ˵Сѩ󣬷׷ģһڻվмˣϳ³ûҲûⷢһ糣
ɾ糣һ˿ƣۣ֪Ϊʲôɽֵģӵ籨Ϊ׳µ׶Ļᣬ˰ҹ𳵣ܵİطͷȴһйڵˣƺÿ˶˽ȴԷĵס
ɫˣһ𳵵˽Ϊһҹ𣬻һҵ䣬ǲ֪ʲôָûȵڻվȣǵȵ磬û𳵻ȥҽĺӣ˷ڡ
֪˼Ҫضٻ
·˶ʱ򣬻һ룬Ҳ֪ĺûг緹źȥ磬̫Ϊˡ
ɷģ
̫ҹµѩڻѩˮһվ̨Щġ
ǸȻˣһԶԶһۣɭȻ֪˺«ﵽʲôҩ
ԱߵĿλϣûпףûƤЦⲻЦϻζţڿУе侲·˸ˣﲻ˵ĺõطúһˡ
һ˫ʹشһ£ʣ㾿˭
ûлشҲЩûˣӶͳһֽз˵ǩ֣ûһҸǰߡ
ʦһ
ҲҺʦˡվ֣Ĳͳҵȷʵмƣ߰ɣ˶ӡҲ̫ԣΪڣָӲˡ
һվͷߣѷͷĴ
Ūгųִ߽ȺԽԽԶһԺӵСƽͣгʱ绹ԱߵھӴкЦƤ޳ɺö㣬˵ϼıܣ·˳ҡ
ﾹļңһҲ̫š
ƿľţ˽ԺӣٻͷţͳԿףһȷţӣûһҽһſڳ￴һ£ںģʲô壬ûٵ飬̧̤ȥˡ
ͷڣΪˣ򵥣ֻһŴһΣһŵż·Ҳ֪ûϴˣںģһһ¾ҳ˼ԲضĵطҲǸмҡ
£û裬ֱ˵Ҫ׼б䶯Ǻǻ
ҪԼһҲûһζĻ˵һж̫ˡ
üܿˡһЦģֿм޳ϵӰӣ˵û¾ͱȥǶ
޳ʲôϵһҲĻʳ
°ܽüء絹̹볶ƪ˼Ҧϡ
һҷϵսȭͷʲô˼
Ҫһˡ˵һЩҲͻһҽ͹ֻ࣬봫ҦϣģҪܡ
ҦίǽֶŮǸˣҪһףɺĻף뿪ʣȴֹҪʣǽͷ˵ԭģҲ֪
Ϊ˸仰һЩ⣬ŷ籨춯ЩŭУڻϣΪʲôҪ̽ң̽ʲô
ˣ¡ϵĻУһûһµص棬Ҳ֪滰ǼٻǿԣǲҲ̫СˣҪ
۶ֹ֣һҷգǽĻ
һҾͷ޷ޱˡ
Ҧί֪𣿡һЩңһѵʡ
һ˿Ȼܿʧ֪Ҫ֪
ıûӹһҵĹ۲죬£ͻȻץһ˵֣ʶ
Ӫǰ㻹ʻЦЦϣʶ
һҶһȻЩ׹˺͸ͬһˣҲ֪֪֪ԷĴڣͲ
˵棬ͷĳҪԵ˼Ҫض׿ʯͷһУ֡
ǽ촫ص㡣
һס磬ͷĳ٣...³ʦ磿
˫࣬ӶˣվӴһţţȥҦϣôô
³...һְֱأûжġһҰŵͣΪʲôİţʱҲ侮ʯˡ
ֺγǣıûʲô仯굽ı䶯ܴ󡣻ӪҪ£ˣԼĻᡣԻһҵҸ棬˵ֱص籨˵Ҫȥ׶һĵȥ㡣⼸죬ͷƲס
⻰˵ûһһ̧ͷץס֣ʣʲô˼˵
ĺͺǻͷǻ׼ȥǽʹġ
类һץ֣ĪַӦפƫԶ֪Ҳ֡ǰӾϢ˵𣬻˾ۼȥ˲٣ƻһ󡣡
һҿһۣҧʾĶ
䣬뻹ǲˣֳﳵʾȥ
һŷ˼Ӽ籨ģһгţûгֻһ˳طĻ飬ῴöϣܿЩյȳʾ֣˼ºҲڣۻȥ෢һһͬϢܻæϾֻӣ˷㡣
գطûе׶Ļ𳵣ڶϲУһҷгȥվ˸峿ƱһĹ˲ϻطĻ𳵣ȥдˡ
ǻģҲܰ£ֲﳵںͷ׷ŻһңȴֻܿûȥƱŽ
һû취ܺûдþͺҳۼ£˭֪ᷢչɶĹģжƻͷ롣
һסһһȥ˻վЩʶ˼һҶʼбֻĶǽĺӣȥϸлʵ̶ȡ
ȻһҵĻˣߵͷһŷѩñ߹˻̡
㻹˼ǹҡҹû˯ãЩƣۣƤָ´Щ
ǴѩñǻһҵüصĸЦһ£ƽô˼ţҲ»Ұ
һ˳쵽˻վһ³εľۼǰ˵硣ֽҲв٣ûͣʱѾܽˣ˵һ˳ˣһҵϣվдԱȴ˵ϱѾˡ
һִҴһ˻վʵڶ࣬վ̨̫ûˣȻطгվ˶ϳͷкͽŲԶһҽģĸ˵Ӱ˳Уĳл𳵳ϼ˵ͷӡ
ɻһһûƱվҪߵˣһ ˾ݣƱǰͷƱڿļ˾һᡣ
Ҫˣͷ뻮һĺ𺳾壬źӣֻǵĶ䣬һӱܵ
ʽʱڵ˼ҪףгԱ˿Ÿ̧ͷǰǶܳһͷŴѺͷ΢ҵĻһҡ


128 
𳵺¡ǰ, մӾţ˷Ȼֹڳ, ˼, С, ˲Ϣ֮, ˿λгԱҲʼ߶
һҺغڽĶ˻Ʊ£˻࿴ŶԷû˵, ۾Щ΢ٺҡ
ӵǴӽ, Իһſ֣Ҫ
ǰְָħһͻȻ֮ͱˣǲ֪ͷ, ԸܵĵĲûоľ, ֪˺£οˣԱߵձ, ҲͲٸŲܶ, ʰְǴ, ǲרڻϵǡ
һҰѺӱס, Ŀ, һŷϸϸ, ְҲڻһĿڼţ˵ûзſ˴ˡ
ǰţͷһƬãԭҰϸ˰ѩԶɫģһͷŻɳǶڱĶһгһˣڳɳ棬޷ϣֻУΪһϸɳһӰ
ڻҰСͬ׺֮һڣ֮
һڳϣߣľͶ촽óˮͰӸԣҲǸһ·ˡ
ͷѾѵ籨ĸ߻һң˵ȥ顣
áһҰӷ£һŽĵ֣һֻڳ԰ӺˮֻҪߣ·ϰĶ
ҲεľУһҵĸӲ飬֮Щģӵе̫ˣرϧйģҪһξԼϧڵģֻϹȥ
ûѩС꣬һûˣͷֺ䣬гϣҹ˿½˯ȥҲ˯ˣ˻һҵ³סСС壬
ؿɷϣģ죬·ڳվĺ
ҹһľҹУ˴ĥ˻ڵ˵һǽ˯һԼʮ֪꣬Ƿ򵽱ʣµİ࣬ʱŵʹܻͷҵ
ĸˣתǧأäĿʧ룬϶µļĸУ𳵵ҹϮͻȻӿһߵ
...һиܵܣġһûסǹ㷢ǧͷƣ֪Ӻ˵𣬸ɴץһߣΪͷ
ĵͷᶯһ£ʾ־ù죬һֱΪһǻСĺӣǸСز۵϶ôǰͷһ㡣
ģδ
ӻ꣬ĸӸŵϷܡ˺ܾãһϣ˵ǰͷгԵģˣʹȽſ죬ȥҺСЩˡһҵܵͺܵͣģҧ֡
Ǵܶ࣬ĺͱС꣬СͰճң糤̡죬һʼǣɿŵʹԽԽԶżȥɿ֡һ˶ǳͳŲĲԾٿһ㡣
ҵһɿֻһ磬˾Ͳˡţӻĵ˶һǰ󱳣ζúˮö˶ˮڼ£˾ͱˡ
ţȥ׷ĸϲңһֱͷûŵҲûȵҡһұۣϻ˯ĻʮĻУǸ꣬ӡͷ
ıֱŻңֿճһֻȥסĴƣҹһ˿˿ů⣬һҸҲסģ޶ֻŶԷ
ãΪѾ˵꣬һ䣺ͷһۣ...
˵꣬һҾͳ׳ȥˣͬڵҹֻŷ
ô֮ʡ
ôҪѺӴߣǳԹĿͷ
û취ſǰйĽ顣
......
ص󣬳վӽˣͷǸ죬Ұмûлѩ󣬴Ϸɣվûʲôڣǣźӣһ˳һȥ³ʱ򣬹ͷ˼Ӳ̫ĥˡ
һ·һҺͽ˻࣬޶ָ׽ЩһֲԶܸУĵĬ
Թ緹ڽ˵˴°ĳǲĵˣСǼںһؼȥˡ
ֱڼԼҡϣĵĲ䶨
ǻؼˡ
һƺЩңýĺԼѼһ飬ˮϴϴͷҲûȥ
ĵǷҪȻȥ
һҡͷ˵ɡ
ݼ٣ǳҪôŻȥοҲҪ룬ôҦί˵顣
ҹ˯ӣһҰǱڷ䣬Լ£ͽһûκξ룬ûκο϶
յĴͬޣôУһ˵ζ𣬽֯ĺˮƵһҹǺҪԼޱظԷҪýһ㣬ٽһ㡣
·ټ䣬ֻҲֻ
ҹʱһҲİͷϣ۾ȴѡ
һҸı˯ɣҰѱˡ
ġšһ䣬ֱ۴ӱһ⣬ӲСֱۣ˯
áһ·˲ͶͷĺͷҲ˯˹ȥ
......
һһȥҦϴ˼Է˵ش˺óԵĻüҲһ£˳³ʦ֪ƻˣضڼķ³Ͱ־ܾˣȥԡ
ҦϺͻһһͬСԺȥ˵Ļȥѧ˳ȥѸڳе˼ҲлͲȥˡ
ҦϿһۣЦʣһңʲôʱҲѧôˣ
һϸһЦȴû۵ףһͬؼۣͬҲעǣƽ˵׳Ҹתһš
Ҧ϶һ£ּߣһͷϵñӣ˳ȥ𣿡
ûУ·СĲģʹڳﶵ˼졣һҺҳ˼˵ĵĺóԣһЩȻһȥ
˱˵׶飬ż·ϵ˴кؾߵ˻СԺ
ڳǻüʲôһЩҳС˰ˣֻǻһһ˵ҪͳԷˡ
˼ǳͣӣһһСܣҾԾ֣˭нǵʦء
һҽҦȥ￴ľƣţǷ˳
ẓ́ܶҦۿˣٿһ飬һͷû϶ӵʲôż
һɨһۣЩį³...³ʦ ûʲô
Ҧ취˼ߣٰ׶ŵĺ滹лһҺ˵֣û³и
һҹһҹѼ飬˵ĻһһʮתҦϡ
ҦûôϵϵģЩѾҪˣҪǣΪвŻеı䶯Ѿʼˣмƺ࿴Ĳġ
˼ҪߣҲҪ³...Ҧϳʻһңأʲô뷨
ûһϵЩʵ
ҦϵͷûȳԷ˵
һȷʵˣߣնһеϣҦһ𣬹³ôֱ׳
³иԵˣȻأأֻôĽ֣ò롣
ҪųȥҦת˵һ䣺һңѹǶֻͨˣûнŪƵı¡
һǰյľۼ𶯣ʵʵڸоԼһǵĶԿڹǰеĳ˵·۵ĺ쳾УȷֳƯС
Ҧϼʧ䣬ȰûеͷعᡣȳԷɡ


129 
ص, Ӿƽ˵ﲻƽʱڰͰ, ͷûӰ쵽С, żֽ, 㲥, Ҳе棬źü춼û濴ֽ
ɨäĿγǳȥ׶֮ǰѾˣڵ˼겻ٿ࣬ԽʽʧҵˣҪ׼, Ҳá
һճϰѵ, Ҧ̸˾û£Ҧ˵ֻгĬԶԡ
, һҵǿʼһЩܽͽ˵ˣĵ, ԸԽĳһ飺ģҪ׼δб䶯, ҴŲٴ, ȥ, ûȷеķ򡣡׳Ѿôܲµˡ
˼׳ͷҲǲ֪
˼, , Ǽһб䶯, ݴضб䶯еӰеӰСû˵ֻ˵ֻҪһȥﶼС
عȥ
ãǲֿһ§ԲʱԹ࣬ҸģĲ
ʮ·ݹ꣬Ƿźˣڻڰʶ˼СѣʼԼֵȦӣпգʹȥΧߣ䣬ʱڼҴſ𣬼ĸһһ޵ãĶ̫첻ͬͿϾƤ
սõɨäʦƱ봶°˰æͻϸɩӾһըըӣ׼ԡ
ըõͶ࣬Ҷ᲻ûƱĺʹһƱӵģҲɨäǶе˼£󷽣ɴͰҪõǼ˹
ɩ˵£ҽԺæʹԲԲȥϰ࣬ɾԲԲϻǱˮ˸ôˮݣһһҹһ벻ˣڱ̵λûҩ֣ӿһִĺ̳öۡ
屾ͲãԲԲһ£˿ֺϣҹƵģɩӼţԲԲ˯һ
֣ϵͣǰԸϼң˵ʱˬˣԼӮˣܿ尾ҲˣԲԲͶС˰ӣ˰ؼҲûɷͷسս˼£˵ĺã¿ˮֻ̬
ҲǼɩƣǲǿϣ֣ӣԸһæ
֣ż⼸¶ӣ˵ȥ֣ӽӻպҪˣܴȥ
겻˵ҲĬˡ
ɩ˵Щ˳Ŷһ֥ͻ飬һԲ͹һţûһ͸һſԲըӣϲпɰ
Ա߿ŻҲźܽʻɩӣû֣ţǻϼȥˣ
˵ȥĸתվ֣ӣҪ졣ɩ˸ԲԲĹҧһڣִڣóԣһԱߵˣ˵֣˵ԲԲˣ绰ͷˣ캮ضҪŮء
ɩӣҲ֪Ķϸڣģģֳ֣Ŵ绰һ
˸磬ͷ֣žͻˣû֣ӣ˵Ϊм·ûͨסˣ֣ӱһ͵תվģǸվ֣Ӻ֣Ŷȥ෢˵籨ֻܵͨ˼ֵ֣ҲмҿҪܹôһϣƵõܰ˼ҽӻˡ
Ȼһһʱİ¸߻һң˿ŶԷЩģߵÿ죬죬Ҳ֪ʲô¡
뿪׶ʮˣǲյĵ籨˵Ѿصһ·Ϻܲףλ𳵶ˣ˺ܳһţڵøˣʡҽԺ۲˼Żؼҡ
һҿ籨ȴֻŽûҪµ飬ѾˣĶҪԼ޶
ĸ߻˾ѾԼȥˡ
Σյ֪һ֪ģƵ˻𳵣ºʹΪʲôܵôżֻ˵Ϊ̫࣬ǱбˣʱøǦʺһô죿
Цģ˵Ҫѵܵѹ⣬ǦʺлСͷ챳ȥѧ
ڻʵҲû˯ãúúõģҹżڻص壬˯ϤĴ˯ˡ
û衣˵㣬С˶Щ
ǰģ裬кóԵȸ͵ܵܳԣǵã˵ǰʲôֱ˵
Ĳ֪Ҫʲôֻǰ§סıԺ˵
ҿǱһҲҪҽУ˼䣬ۿžҪˣæƾɢȥˣﻹǸĿ֮ҡ
ջãľ͸Ľӽ籨ǽУ²Ҫߵǽܵͷ˭Ҳ֪ظʲô±仯Შĸ档
Ǿ仰Ϯ˵˶һġ
ʱҽʱҪϵͺ⣬ʱ˶Խ˵Ƕǲɳ֮ء
׼Ӽ򵥶æµһѣȺ͸ɽΪ·жϣһֱûָҼĶҲüģʵԱĶĶٵȵȣȻ·϶ˣ֪Ķȥ
ЩЩ飬ҴҪʮţɣûнˣţЩѣÿμһ˼ҾٱҪβͣ˯ɽﶼ̤ʵ
ЩģѾͲˣʵڼֵ֡
һ£ûйǸ׵ˣежϺ;ǶԵģһ겻һʡ
ӾˮһأȵһϢʱ˰Ѽ´ɨһɨɹӣҲʼѧȴɨؿʼ
ǰ죬·ȫͨˣľյİŴȴأʵԱ˳õġ
Ĳ𿪰Ӵë£Ǻʵĳߴ磬һΧһûеġ
ͷһţ̶̼֣ǿлչӣԼĵĺڰƬͷӺº͵ЦݣºԼʲô
İƬ˻۾ģСС裬ҿ԰Һ͵ܵܵƬԱ𣿡
׶Ƭòװڶ¥Ķϡ
ԡ벻ɾܾ
ֻǻһҿƬһüͷȴûг
Ż治ˡ
һ˵ɵ㲻ˡ
濴һƬ㣬ҡͷΪԼ⣬ûʲô
дöھӶ˺ֽýİдĿҦдеˣСԺӣλд
Ҧʮ꣬ҪҪϱˣȴ˵˼ҵĵίԼһ˲ţ˼˼䣬ҪҲУÿ˼ҹﳤÿȡ
ǵЩҦһСֺҦ಻򣬾ļҵĹҪɩӣȿÿĲʶֵ綼ҪҦһٴ
һԿŴЦ֣鿪࣬гãͬһһԴ
ϦգһһʹŻ˶ʦĺŴҲɵھǵļֽСԺ׼ˡ
ĸϴ裬ͷ֯ë£ͷɩһ޿㣬Ϳѩ࣬׽ģ˱ıĵسȥˡ
һԾвջ𣬵Ž¹ˡ
ѧŽˣַͬϣζûúóԣˣҲ֪ĸĴ
ҹʱһĿվҪܽᣬѭȥľ
һȥȥ곤꣬ٳ߸ͷһ
ǰܾ͵ŮޣݷҲãҲãﲻ˵ЩʲôؼƽĿջɵڣҲеһУ̫ðպͽҡ꣬ϣһһ𣬽˳
Ӳ֪˵ЩǷ⣬Ҳھܽᣬչδ˵ܳĹܲˣȳһ˵
1975һҹһСѩѩҹܶǱ̻򳡷ţһҺͽĴȥ̻С٣ӾͷˣһţŵͲȥŶ
꣬ĶԸĸԼ磬ûôǿҵ˼֮飬̹ȻҰġ


130 
, һԪζɢˣµһǰͷÿһˡ
ũʮ, ֣㵽, ֣ȥӻ, ͨ˳, ֽҲƽһкָֻˡ
֣ӻ˲裬ϱ˵Ȱ˹ֲ죬Ĩһ, ˵˼֪Ļ, һ⣬ָֻȥǰӣϰ࣬ѧ, ˴
ͷҲˣѧ, Сѧǰţ°һ꼶ֿʼÿսͺӵӡ
һҺͽ˺ü, ǲҪûҶѧǰ, ʵ̫С, ѧǰǸģɻҲӦ, ͻ鳳, , һжûģǽеģҪҪͽһ
ֻ룬°˵СӦСѧȥϣӦ˾ٶһꡣ
˼¹Ҫתѧ׶һѧУѾˡĳգһҽһѵصҺͽ˵ҦϿʼˡ
ҦϲǿƽͰţǴһ׵ĽǶȳܵȥΪǰõĳ·
³иͺ֪ƵĶ³ͼһֱ׶䲻͸ĸסһ𣬿˼ά۽綼ͬ˼˴ڴԴӣɵͷȥͲˣҦ࣬ʮߣöеֻͣеУϲһ߸У٣̵ĶҲࡣ
Ҧ˵Щͬѧбҵ͸˵Ҫˡ
Сӿ֪ܲζʲôһһŮͮͮģϲƣڶͱɴˣǲ֪ʲôǰ;δ֪ʲôֻú档
Ҧϵǣȫõѧúɽ̤֪ͷͼǲһģúӵ׳˰ߣķͷƿƵ³ң˺֪ƵˣŰ˼Ž׶һС
ʮͣûмҳûгţͺ߲·Ҧĵ籨дŸںʹǰһЩѣ˰æźӣԤ·ݲȥ
˼ˣ˵Сӣʹûв𣬳ﲻǶſЩ飬Ǻͬѧɽץº㣬ҪгʹŻһȥ
ҦֻҪڲæȥᣬڼҺ˵£Ļ鼮ǿֽЩ岮߶ЩñܿʱϻһҺͻҡ
ǿ¸ĸġ
ķҦ˸ľ壬ǸĴˣԱбع
һʱżֻᶯ֡ŹСѿ̾ʲôʱܳ󣿵ǳҲȥ׶飬ͳﺢһ
ĺֲͬͺãģͦõġǲ͸ĸֿٵȸʮ꣬ഺһƾͲˡ
ҿ꣬鷴˲١Ĺ۲һҡ
ȥջصʱ򣬻һȷʵ˺óһӣֱƺ˼ĿܣȴҲû취ȥ£ܵÿԼ
һЩһЩ죬װһǾ޾֮·οҲʱ򡣡
⻰Щϵˡ
ݸҦίӰܴ󰡡ʱ䣬ʱʱʹҦϼû飬̸һҶٱӰˡ
һֻЦһ¶飬£ʮҪ࣬˫㳹׵̤˵ϣһӲǣƯľܶ
ͷķʱ壬һҺҦϾͰȴһָ
Щ̸겻ãľյһǵĵ籨ǶŹģ籨ϳƽǸƭӣ󶼲Ҫٸдŷ籨˲н
Ŀ̶̵֣Щ£ûϵˣ
ϻضŹֱֻСãֱϸʵݹȥС绹˱
ŹԼԸýİѵַС磬дȽӴһʱԤͨҲһˣôˣ
棬컯ѩ·ߣʵԱĳһأһ˺þãҲĳһһˣȥϲ㣬뷢籨ȥʸΪʲôˣѵСͷ⣿
ʲôʲô
գʵԱˣָһ籨СģСԼڷվ棬ճǼ˳ʱ䡣
ɻ󣬿ӣϣʵԱҪһҪμˡ
ڶһ磬һٵķˣ֣ӰæȷǳԣԼȥ䴶°ĳȥ˻վ֪СͶŹ̸ôˣмҲùˡ
Ź籨˼̸ˣмˣ
ȰС͵һ˵
ϣ˰Ӻͱľվȥ
ĵվʱվ̨ϿһˣСֶˣ淳Ҳ̫Сˣ˽£ԼһпСʯͷűߣΪվЩСᴵվ̨ҲǸɸɾģʯͷӱضǣûϡ
ûһСʯͷһϸӶűߣľ;òԾˣͷһ򿴣ȴһŷѩñԴΧ۾ȴһ£С硣
ĳ֣ԷΪһմѩĲݶ£Ŀˣͳ֣ȥ
߶߶ġվͷߣսϵСûľӣʱѼСӷ˶Դȥ걻ˮôһֻҪţͻ㶫ؼСҲ⡣
ߵǸݶǰʱĲſС磬һ˶ǶͷϴһƾɵĴ£ͷѩñΧǵһ Դ̵ſҪҪƵĴ硣
ιʲôúõĵӲҪʪݵ...ı뱧Թ䣬Сһ̧ͷΧͱ죬£ƽӣС磬ôˣ
ֵ۽ڵģˣϻһĻۣǱʲôˣһ˫۾װ˸ӵɫзŭбˣʹãȻ˵Ķ뽭Ķӵһ̣ͻȻᣬȴɿʾ
ı鵣ǿôˣ
־֣ϻһɴյһ󣬲ŵͳɤӿڣС㣬ġ
𣿡Ĳ⣬ôˣǻΪˣʵڲУǾľٱ
ȴҡҡͷỹûס˫ؿһＷһ仰ûˣһжûˡҰûˣүүҲûˣʲôûˣֻʣһˡ
СһƤЦģ˵Ҫ˳ʱ򣬶ûдôˣôʲôˣ
ļ״ӶͳӸùӣϱһѲҲ¶ˣִӴ˾ֻʣһˣﶼ֪û˸ʬ֪Ļڱ
үүûˣҷ¶ӳġְѷѩñժһ룬¶һͷΪ˶Ŀүүġ
...ǣ˵ԼСﵽмˣͥΣ治ЩϢЩӲϣ˵
Ҫ///..///ңͰүүȥֿҭţǰԲҲܽܲ۾ﶼǺͱʹүүʮˣзô꣬˵һ䡣ǻҪϳȥҲҪϸľͷӣ˻˵ĻӣҪֱǹ//..
˵Щӣֹֹס
޴룬ֻȥļһı֪˵ʲôá
ֿ꣬ͣһΣ۾ˮϴһ㣬˹ӶǺݾͺ⣬˵Ÿɲȥʱүү̨Ѿûǻүү˵ӦáҺƴ˶ڣ˵ҲǵҴһ١˵š˻һֺߵҲûռűˣݵģҰ߹ǶˣҲʢүô۸ģ
ļˣԼľˮˮմʪӣʵѿúܣֽӹӣҲһѣ۾Զį¶ǿߡ
ԪգҼһڳԽӡ·϶ѩүүָͷˣұһߣ...̲סʣڹײĶҲүү...һβˣƺʩ³
İڵϣҴСĻĿ벻
үүǰҹģһϯϯӹڱײĶûСǴͳļͥĺӣҶգֻоүүһڵӣλ
֮ǰСӺݺݴһ٣ȴˣȺµȥǼҵģֻǾͺ޵ģǸţ޲ɱ
սһ
ȴûв˵ǰ죬ҷŻѸίӸˡˣץңҶ죬ܳˡ
ҪߣϸڲҲˡ
С㣬Ҳ㣬Ҳ˺㣬¡ſЩ׵ɫԳǰҺͶŹ˵ãȹɽ겻֪ΪʲôϷܽΣȺֿʼץˣȥֱֻҶû⣬ʹղǮһֱš
ɰŵƣΪţǰ׶飬ͬˮϵһһشĴݵʡУԭʱƽֶͣСԶŹʧԼ
С㣬ȻܣǸˣٲǸˣҲú㽻һСڰԼȫ˵˳Ҫ뿪Դٲˡ
Ƕί¥ǴҳģյԼҵӡ˿ΪԼ⣬޵ľûˣûаǼүүȥ˸
ҪȥĶüͷ壬ڲȥĶҪţ߲Զġ
ִǼ·ͳһţǾүүҹģȫǿհ׵ģ˸£ôôиүү壬ǰүү̵Ǯȥˣڸ۳ǣʮǰǼһϵ
С㣬һȥٲˡ
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131 
ִ, 游ĸֳӱ, ǰʮ, ӹ˳˳ˮ, ӳʱ, ǰ˺ӵʮˣ𴲵ҹ˯Ļǡү롱
ۣҽ⣬۵ĲƸ, ӵܲմȾԺζĳ, ʮǵģֻҪӵܻһ磬汲дҽ飬ʲô, սǺƽʱڣܹӡ
ʮ֮, ֳȥĸ䣬үүз, ҽô, ˵Ķһ, Ӵ˲ʢ־ҽݣ˵ŵ, ǺܷԵϷ⡣
ֺүүԴгǱһưܵϽ, ͷ걥һټһ, ֪ĶȥŪǮƱСûëοͷҽҲŲϺţ˻ܵҪԷղʢү˽ϵС죬һ£ȶүÿܳһͷˡ
һûһ٣ƽﻹöԴǱĵ˵ͷ˼꣬ԴнȴͷӬһС㣬˵һ࣬ϲ˵Ǯ
ʱڽͷϴǰδ֣ؼң֮以չˣ˲ˣһеض˯һܳԸͷܳԶ
Ϊӻܾãɽȴµıʡ
СڽСıץţϳҽݵү֮һд飬͹ȥѣвҪȥ¸죬־ǴӻģǵС£͹ֵүү˵֪иûǰö໵ӿǸǧˣҪˡ
ǰ˾ͰүүˣʱͷܣżæŵϵֱˣȻصң˵үүϳȥ..//顣
үүһŸʵӲľֶ˺ִ򣬴ʲ壬⣬ϵ
ǰ˼뻹ִ֣򲻹ֻ˫ֱͷڵ򣬿޵ɣǱؽ£磬Ҫˣǰ㣡ڰ㣡
Ҫϵ·ָģĿѣϵĹӲͣһ±һºݣϣ졣
ֿ޵ĽʯͷǵһˣŰɱ۾ָȰС磬˴ˣԼҲóǹӶȥ͸ģ֣
һֻүүκβǰµģһҪѵģ
ֱſڵոŹרĴȹǴִС˵Ĺͷģֲ˽⣬֪׶ϣۣҪӴӴ˶ȳӣܼһͷΣ
֣ҵİǣּӺүү
ҲӲһͷ亹ۺͱ飬µүүзô꣬һԺǣԶŶɡˣǶˣѵ𣿡
˵ֵ˫ۣŹҪǰȥҪͶã
סС򣡴ҲûãүӸȥҲҪȥ͸𣿡
ѽС磬Ҷ磬ܳ£ɷסһߵ֣޶һָͬӣϵԼȥˡ
ֺôֲˣ˯һҹһҹҪȥ֣ڶһ磬ϴȥҵͰ͡
翴ɫο䣺үڰ˳䡣
Ƕֺ֪ǰ´ܵ飬Ҳ֪ղʢֵƶүȥˡ
磬һͰҰɡִӶͳǮ
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үҪ¶ɱ𹩳ҵͰ翴ŽűߵͰͣ΢ؿڣȰ䣬˵ʲô
ֵͷǮ˵磬ԱһСͰͣѩУûлͷ
ί칫¥ԭּҵĴլһͯģĽ񣬶أ̣ίİ칫¥ʧȥԭķò
ʼһŭȼգӷյģ඼ҪȼˣûҲûȵڻ賿ҹʱ֣ѭż䣬˼ĵ㣬ͣһȼ໶ֵĴլվڻǰеϵļҲеĽѡ
游ĸķӣĸƣֳүү
죬ֵһѻְⶰˡ
˵Ļȼһ̡
תҪߵʱ򣬺ܶںȻһĴ𣬻ͷ뿪ȴ˿
Ǹ־ͱүү־ڼңţѰö˵ƻʲҪŤ͹
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ҹǽȥûþүүԼԭȲǮϣȫӰϺ͸첲ϣվһĽ䣬һҹһĻȥ
Сŵù֮һܵøһнǳǰվ͸˵籨
ϳʱɫ磬վ˲࣬û뵽ܼ͵ӡ
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һǸͺ͵˸棬ԭأ翴һۣȴֵû߹Աʱײһ£õȥѲ˵ע⡣
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վվ̨ϣԶȥгþò
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Ĳ˲ݵѩˮԼǲļƻ
ԼϵǮ¶Ŀƺȫ綼ģɶԽĻмĵΣСʼնṵ̂һǮˡ
СҪȥ۳ǣĴǰǹģǺ͸۳һ֮ʮ˻ӾԽɽ棬ڴµﶼ࣬δؾеͨ
ٹһ꣬ĵñӹƾҪժˣ󻷾ɣҲܵС⣬ֻҪ˿ףܻԽԽõġ
ЩС署䣬ֲܽǷŭҪһеʱ򣬺οҲû취ԴˣЪ
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־׽͡⼸֣ڲЩʱ˦˦ͷӣȥﻻƽ𣿡
ҲֻǼƽ𣬾СǶûС϶ܵȥҪǱץäǲҲеġ
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ְֽغãϲ֪ͳһǮҪģûգҸ·С磬ԼŰɣΣúû
룬Ǯշֲȥġ
ƱûС
ִͷĶͳһŷεĻƱһֵۣɴ۾ùϸгţ
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С㣬ҽ֣֡ҽƬ֡
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˳ԼƱҵλãΧΧĸİӣϲʹˮһ·ûҶҲҴ
һ·Ӳ˾վһߣһż;ڳſڳ̵гԱ˵ȥ̽ףϼҵݵϷũ嵱֪ˣȥ˼ҡ
һ·쳣ƽû֪Ҫȥ죬û֪Щ޴µµ֫ϣһǮ
гԱлǿˮȷʵС˵ˮ˺˹ģЦºͣƷǸûйԵһ̣ɢˡ
ҹÿ˶˯𳵵ĳվͣһ£򣬿ᣬˮڻᣬкִŹǷλ˯ȥˡ
ҹװųλĴӣ׼³³ǰǰͷĳˮ·г칫ҵʱ涪һֽ
ǸתĴվֺһ³
վſڳ̣Ǻ̧İĵطŲͬĿС˵ǻƺϵĵؽˣԭϷ
̣һӿǹĹСܽվ̨ϵˣÿÿ
ÿŹгͷһͷĹǶӳгԽϣ˻ྴ񣬴ͷʮͳһĻøװгԱұᶼûҵˮ͵عϰѻȫȫѺ
վϵ˶ָָ㣬ʲôôͶͬ־أл
Ҳװͨ·һͷŽͷ˫ȴڿѰˮӰȺûпˣ
ǰɢ˼˿ʼʱ֤ƾԼڻվľ飬Ĳͳ֤ǿش˼⣬ûʲô׵ĵطĳˣСָʾһ·ȥĳƱ
վʱ˫ȷûôԶĻ𳵣ҲûгôԶţһ³Ŀͱ¶Сǣ֤һЩ·˹ȥ֡
ǰѾյСõĵ籨ڵ籨˵ú壬˵ǰǹС죬ˣţԤƾһˡ
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ǰűСһЩ־ЩžǷ¶˵飬ʵ̫٣ͽ˵û䣬ߵ£˵ʲô˯ˡ
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ҪǮĻƽȥ
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ǣ˵ʲôû˵
գ˼ƽûұˣҵҽ̫̫ش㣬ҽǰĵԼĲǮ
֪شлƽ𣬻ΪһŸϵĶӻʳͲЩ͵͵ҽæŪЩƱûǮһСƽ
֣ûգû뵽ھȫ֡
ֶԻƽİϵǮ˽ְǮ˹
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һۣҹɫгȥ˻վϳǰ˵һ·ء
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132 
ͱ, ˷ָӣŴ°ĳȥˡ
ȥ·, ĿƬ, , , ﻹѩûлвҰҰðͷһҡҷ, ưĳҲˡ
һ ļ, ʱ׻ɹ۾ȹ˿ʱ䣬ȴǵһһİ档
صҵʱ, 磬Ϊ̫, ѩ䣬ö˶ˣֿļ, һ˲İ, һȦ, ͷЩãȻջǻؼˡ
ص, һҺͺǶ, ֣, ǴԲԲˣ࣬˵ĵ¶к޸вŽɢȥ˶ԲԲȥѺӽӻ
ӴɷҲؼˣûġ
ҹͻһһ˵ʱ򣬽İѽС˵ˣȻͷŭ
һƽ˺ܶ࣬ԴԹߣֱм£ǲֻһ棬һ˵𡣡Щϴʵ˼
ĿͻȻԼЩԶһ㡣
һҿ㣬ְˣ͵Сƶֻȥͷûлӣûл֣ûлȢĺӡ
һ˻кܶ࣬ǻҲЩäĿҲ˳ŵʸ񣬽ѧõһٴκ˵û˵Ҹľʦѧգлѧաʮǰǲ¡ö˵ڸı䡣
ģǶˣʱûô⡣
һȥûлػɵţ꣬ɹȻżˣд˵ûȥѧľھľҲûᱳ¼ˡ
ɺֱ׳Ҫһĸ˳еѧѣһҡҡͷŸĿĿ꣬ʮǮҲ࣬ѧĳȥˣûеģϾӷϼҾǸ޵׶ֻӦ˵ġ
İͷתǰϵĺһңƺֽЩԼͶĻС
21ͣԽޡء˽˲ƲЩϰΪһΧ޳һͷԽȥοڼ缸ڸ״̬ĶҲʮޣ˸ԽԽڣԽԽ˼롣
һһ˵ĵжЩȥҽСĴһ˵˵ڸı䣬ֺγǣ
ʮ죬յһǵĵ籨Ѿﵱأġ
İ籨ڳУһϵ
ȻŹСϵͽ޹أһֲĻǸŹд˷ţû˵ϸڣǰѴµ齲һ飬һҲԼһ
֪ŹûԴˣŹûлҲû˹ϸ
ʱ֮Ĺϵͬһžɻֽ
ֹ˼죬żҲˣѽĵ³ç˴ҳֽ⻹ǽһ м䶼ڵСĺСǸ˺֮ͽȲ˵ԼΣ֮УҲᱻӰ죬ͷ֣ܰѿص˵ģ
Ŀſպ죬ʱ˵Լ̫ðֿʼԼͽƵΪѵĵزΪ˸ˣô
ǰҳֽСãᵽˮĻѺ£˵ˮѾҲˣʹҵҲҪ͸ĵģһֱûг֣˵ϻĺߣԼȥˣȴôҲ
̫ˮͺռķݶɻСĺϻˣһѺűϵùеȴˮһֱ֣Ϊǲмֽţ̡
ˮöŲðͷЩͶǮˣʱʱ͵˼ȥɧĸĸ޶ϵϣССҹﻹ˳ǼҶѪʯͷ˾ܣҲץ˭  Ǽ˳չսսĵġг칫ҲȥˮļˣɼҲڹ֪Ķȥˡ
ͺѾܾûм棬Ҳûٽ˹ӣϸڶ˵ģϾǸСطе¶״
Ҫһ˳ţӪǲңʱҪˣмĻᣬǵܾˮ飬Ȼٱ˲С磬Ҳ˵ġ
ĩβ𣬼ĸڴɩŮϲУòüеĵء
ľɩȻѾˣ˸ŮŽƽ֣СֶŮȡ
ֻд˼СֶŮĻʵ̲ס˵Ƥӣ̫ѿˣһ۶뱧
Ŀӡ֣Ц˳պãǷʡԼçײһ٣ȷʵûȥҪһˣǰµмУиһЩȻܻȥ͸ǼȫҸƬˡ
ˮڵû뵽СǰȻһѣ治˼վˡ
ʮϻصˮͺĴ󣬳ʳƷƻЩֵǮҵƷ˵ˮ¶棬ҲǺģҶ븻󣬿ܵÿԼΡ
ϻѾɩ˶ȥؽҲ벻üʲôһһϢʮǮýת
ܿ콭ĸҲˣزԭȵĻͷ࣬չԼѺͼ˵ռ˰ྫ˼Ů˲ԶŮˡ
ҶСȤŽҪȥ⹫żңǻңиСãŽҪȥϸ绰ڵС˾ˣҵˣ
ЦԣڲСĺˡ
С˾ˣȥգǼƬѽͲҰҵ߸档
Ҵȥѧǰְ࣡ѽĻͲźͽ
С˵ֵ꣬ģڳ¸ַ칫ҽĵ绰ͽĽˮ飬Զ䣬͹Ҷˡ
ƺȥˣˮȥĶȴ֪
Ӵ³ȥ˼𼴽ʰ׶ȥ飬һ֪ʲô˼Ľȥ׶ȥԵĵġ
µ׵磬һȴüͷػͽ˵˼ʱȥˣӵøڡ
ĵʱڳԻͷһҪɵжɵ
ǰǾɧӣҾʧȥһλΪľ뢣ʱʮﳤֶˡ
·ݣµĲæϴ֣˵˵
Ҧί˼ܵȥ͸ɴ಻ȥ˵Ѿ·ˣѧڵĿҵҲҪˡȵ·ݣ¶һʱȥҲ¡һҸողżҦϣ˶Ǽϸϵģ˵껰Ҧϻؼң˼⿪ˣǷ˵籨
׳ͷ˽ˡһҰѳϣڽĶ˵仰
ĵۣŻһң˵Ҫ׼䶯ˣ
һҡͷȷָӡ
ȥҹ˵³ʦԵһҰ¸ҦϽˣҦ룬ʵ벻ͨǾֳĬȴûĬһ̬ȡ
׳ͷ˽˵ƻ䣬ֻһԶڼ壬ı䶯ΨһĲҦίھӵսżдţҲἸ䣬ǲȸͣüڻһ̽ϢһҶѡԹȥˡ
³ʦĿǰҲճѵżһϼҿ֪ȥһƺֺˣ˿Ƕ޵ģ
ɽ֪˾·ݣһı䶯֣ҦίʱѡĻãû˵ֻڸһ٣ٶҪϵԽǻԽҪסǶƽͷգͨͨ˵Ļ


133 
ʮǰĴ, ³иһӱսҵ˳Թһٷƺῴ࣬˵λ̫̫ǰʮ, , ˸ֺɷĿ, ͷ, Ƕ֮︣ǰ˵ǰͷٿ࣬ҧҧ͹ȥˣͷĺӡ
Сŵ³̫̫꺢, ƤӺ촽, 鶯ˣǾ˳ɷϵкãǰؤ, Цܻꣿ
˺һˮֲ˲, ˵̫̫ǳ֮ˣǣ˲š
˭ҲûЩ, ˾Ϳһ, ô, ôĿأ˲ǳһٷ˵˼ֲĻˡ
һ, ³иϵȾϴ, Ϊ˳̰Ѽرȥ, ļױ˼ңŮˣӱĵطŮ˻̨˺ӡ
³ͷˣźӹſڲȥͷսң㷽ҷǳӲùѵҪȥһͰˣӡ
³̫̫ʮعѣͷ󼸸ӣֱʮ꣬һСС̫̫Ҫ֣ƶ˺Ӷ飬Ȼһ˵³иҲڴֲʶ
οʱ̣ʱʱսͿշɹϵ˵ͷ׳ƽ
³имĶӣر̳ûˣֽ࣬леüΪ˼ټ︺ʮͺͼͬ˽鵽ʡȥ
˺ܶˣˣʱתǹͷԼˣ³иӢ»飬ջ𣬴̵ʱջ˲͵ȫȥ˶𣬻ϵ˽˳ٵλã³Һഺعѵﳤˡ
³̫̫æŸȢϱŮӣʮǸ˵Ļ˲ţɼӻûѧѧ̶̳̣żһ룬ֹȥˣٺͲǵˣ˰ʮʮģòˡ
ʮ꣬ȥӽŴڣҲĴͬõˡ
³̫̫˰õϱκ˹չţſȥ̫̫ʹˣձۻżСӣҲֲĸļҵģЦǺǣݶˣǸĸ
Ϧ£죬зҷҰݿǰũ˸Żţң·Ǽҡ
죬ʮǰĴƺûвͬ
˻̫̫ùſڵʯӣκͷͣϵĻƣվϸİĿϵãˣûȥЪˡ
̫̫ܻصͷûݵЩֲ壺ţЪˡ
һ˯ʮ˵̫̫ûѹ£ʮ١
˲ţ㲻³̫̫š
³иӵκ͵籨ʱڿᣬƽŵСֱź߶Ա°ڣǾԱͷ͵籨Сʿʾµ쵼ǿ˵
СʿһͷԱֿ³ʦ
û뵽³иǡ̧ͷСֱӹ̷Ž籨һۣ͵վĵȥءһ죬ǸƼгһ֣ϲǱϵ̵ٵڵϣҦһԿţҲվΪͷӷģùһɥ
³ȻȥֹҦ³иľԱССܣһȥ³ʦȡ
³иһԲ߳ңľԱӹҦίϵĵ籨ɨһۣһѺѵ籨칫صˣ͵¶ˣøϽȥ¶Ҳøɩ˵һ
֪һֱãƽղţڼ飬дźǰ˵Լֲˣ
³ϰʱؼңһԲ飬ó鼫һ£ͷԼĳ˿ʼʹ֮ǰżҲʹɶѩʱͷãҲʹ
ȥ˵岻ãȥˣǰ˼ҰپƣϲԶϵĶһ˼Ҽ˽źС־ˡ
ϸ²ŻؼҺ׳˷ģô...ôһӾȥˣ
ȥûκףûһ仰˼ƺԹ޻ڡ
Աںͷ֪ûʱȥ³иͿ˿ԱԱǷݵ籨ݸ֪ơ
֪ƺ³̫ϣ̫̫³˵ҪΪСϣŸ;裬ǹ̫̫ϵͷ̫̫˵˲·Ů˺ӣҲûǱϱ裬³ʼҲûٰȥڶΡ
һֱ̫̫һţһգһ˰ˣֻк޵ˣйͷǿȵϢˣǾһ£Ͼ̲ס΢΢¶һЦþԱţתͷһ³ľͷɳ˫۵ֱһһĨЦ£һĵݣǰȥϸʰ
³ûеͷҲûҡͷ֪ƿ϶Լ¥ȥյһʱأЦһ£޺ۼʵûʲôÿģҲûʲô÷Ųµģ£˼ǵˣڻʼûаǸȥ
ôһ룬֪Щģһڴ߷˻ԼĿڶµǸ̫̫µģǸ³иµģֻ³иĸ̫äĿԡ
г³ͼȥֻǰǿԹй޹صϣȴʼղ³и֣ԼҲ׸𣬷·³иԼ֤ѡǴģӦ˶ϣٳܸˡ
֪ᣬʪ˰ӣΪȥ̫̫ΪԼΪԼķϵʮʮꡣ
³и¥˰Σͷ˵°ؼ·︽Żعӵİ֣վַֺܳ͸ɴţ̶̰գ·һ˼֣꣬ԾԱ˵һظ籨˵ҽͻȥСͣһ̣Ҳһ𡣡
Ա񣺡ǡܳȥСˡ
³иվͷǲ̧ųصĲ¥֪ûоڴߣһ˵ɥ񣬹ƵõһȥŻ̧ɽᣬ籨ͼлĸһ̡ͱˣڼҵҡ
̧֪Щ˵ζ۾ǰѾ׷³иţ...㲻һϼȥ
³иһ£ƣɱϾǶͬӣͬһĻƽ˵ͳĬϣԼһʹǰʱһ
֪з·һᣬһμһİУظ˸ոյʻ㰮ˣ㲻Һһȥ
СƣҲ֪...һֱ㣬³иȴû仰˵ֹ˵˵ĺԭһֱվͷ
֪վľţҳһõ廨ĳ۳Լϱȣʮ괩ۣʮˣҲܴȥû˵ʱżᴩԾգ·ǸʮŮ˼ٸķϡ
𣿡֪Ƶߣм־мֿ³óǵ𣿵⿪Ŀӡַ⿪һۣ̿ûб³иֽ⿪һţ˵֪ƣôôζһţҿһζ
³óһһŵؽ⿪ҵĿӣ˵֪ƣģһḺҲṼ㡣
³иİˣ쵼֤½Ļ飡ҲǸ˳Ķϱ
ƾʲôȥ
֪ưϵ۶ϣԼתڴʹ
³и˳ۣ·һ һۻ£ͬŮ˵ļϸ壬⻬ʱʮ壬ᰡϴг˴µĺ飬ʮһеǸ˵ҪŮѧضزסĳݺͻϲժ使
ΪԼԴϼҺͺ֪ͷĹϵȴ룬̫̫ңͶ˲ȴ˵ԼĶӰˣܺ궼ˣ
³ͼԳ̫̫һΣװѺ֪ĸӹ⣬ˡ
ǰ֣Լ˽Ƶģ³и۽ʪǲں֪ƣûʮʱˣƫƫСʱ¼ǵεģ۷·ܿʱԼɳƵɤСûе˺ö˵۸ҧļޣһӣάֵܽãǸ£Ǽһûȫ
ڣСƣûˡ
֪ƳԼĿ³и仰޶ԣС˵˳Ļ۷ʲô£Ƕһ𣬿ɴʱû˼ô̫̫꣬ƺҲɢˣҲڴ˿ɢˡ
Ƿǰŵİʵֻһˣ
³иľԱǰ³ʦͺɩ˵̧ϳСڸʻλϣ³ʦںţһ·˶ûп˵һ仰չѹ֡
һһҹ³иϼңѾأдڲܴظ壬ĶˣҲмʶ³иСԱ˻Ȧ
Тһ£ͷ³им㲺֪ƣһ£˵Ҳˡ
˵Ҫ³ŵŮˣʮ£ҲˣκͻȻ뵽ԭ˶ҪϰʮͷĽȻɿˡ
Ѿʮ̫̫꣬ǰЩԹƺôԣ˶쳣Ĭ³и֪ƻТ£ֱ۰˲裬ͷ㣬ڼϯμϹ
һԵ³ź³ȴ˺֪һۣúǵĴκվһ𣬲ӭ֪ơ
֪ƶ޶ã³иԱߣ񷱸ƫƫֶ࣬ľģаͲٳ֡
˼գŷ糾ʹϸϻһĺѪ˿϶Ƥžֱ̫̫ͦͦĺڰǰͷ
ӻˣκͺҵĹǣֲ޵ȴһڽϺǿ޷ҪϹȥһ㣬ޱȣ׷ڰ
³и۽ǣǰȥסͣӶΧ
֪ۿһˣֿ˿һֱ΢Ц³̫ûв
³ͼʼûеϼͱĸ֪ƾûбҪûĵ籨Ǻμֽ³οţϾ׼ңҪά
³Ҳû³ͼӵˣ³иֵǰͷˤӣô˼ɽ³ͷһԱ߻ĸĹѨ
ĸ³̫ǰͷ֮ǰ̫̫ԱߣʱҲкոֽ㣬˭뵱ƯҰ
κ֮ǰٴοĸκͣ뿪ůϷȥĸȥҲԭأάһҪάֵ³̫̫֡
κɾܾӣһأ˵һ롣
³иԭͰͣ˵˵һͷȴĸһС˵ģ廰ȴûأΪɷΪףѾǵ̫ˡ


134 
³иĸȥ, Ļɩ˵ģһ챻ųˣʳ, Ϻŵҡ
мɩ˵, ³ʦͺɩӻ, Ǿȥ̽һ, ˵ĽʣŮҲŮ˵Ľʡ
ĶԺ֪Ʋˬ죬Ҳͷ˵˺ãȺУ̫ͻͺá
ϻһһ, Щƣ, ĸһ棬Է
ůֽŲްѵ, ˱ѣ϶ɿЩ
ƺ˺ܶڻһԱ, Ѿмûȥˣѵá
ԣҪƻѵ, ͷ, 򶼲ȥˡһһָ, һֳ棬Ǹϰ, ƫƫϰˡ
ȥ˯ʱ, ³иϼɥ顣
һ˵, ļѾСǰæ˻Ȧ³ʦҿܻһȶپƣҦί˼³ʦۣӦЩˡ
룬̫̫ʮˣȷʵ㳤٣Ҳܽϲɥˣô˵Ҳɥ£οް³ʦԸҲǶԵġ
޴źӣɷϰѵѧڼңżһ¼ǮͷЩʲôʲô飬ǮǮڲܶһֱܶм֡иŮ֯˼
żдǼ˽ģ˼ҵĺô˴ǰִֵİƢƽ£֪ͻһҲ̣дŶֱдģЩЦãֻԼŶŲĶǼ˵£Ǳߵľ˾˾裬бֵܽãƺºǣʱʱš
ҿʼ£Ҳ֪ʲôˣÿʱͻץգӱֶŵʱ̣ӿܲеĲʣǿǺԵġ
ϲԣȴмְϲӻġ
ʱ᲻ͷʱȥżͽ߶䡣
һأ˵ıδɰѾ꼶ˣᱳöʫ͵ܵҲҪѧϰǡ
ڽĵϥϣһ˫СȸгһȥͻȻ˵һ䣺Ҽǵñ㣬ү̼ʱ͵͵Ѽûȥǳԡ˵Һ͵ܵܿҲܳԵġ
㡣
ס½ӣ˭˵ûԣǵõģȫǵһ
裬ǽ껹ȥ⹫ż𣿡
겻ȥ»أְѼһȥǽĺͻһġ
⹫ŻǵġȥƽƽС˾˵һýȥһǣҡŽĵȥȥȥ
СӶǵã裬ȥˮƣֻǽȫǸǵƻͷţֻܱ۾Ϲһ١
Ҳмȥߣڼȷʵģ˵ķӦҪٶˡ
⻰˵ûգľյţŵ﷢
д˵ˮӿһЩں¡
Դȥ꽭ͺַ˾û˵Сĵطʱ̧ͷͷҲǲ˵˵Ҳ
ˮԺҪ׬Ǯ飬һʹӦˣԼϵǮͶ뵽ͷһʼСС˼ʮ䣬Ȼ˸ԭ˳ȥ˽ֵܣǰ˵кʡȥ˵Ǻֹ
ˮﻹе㣬֪Щ²ܴȥ֪ĻҪҲࡣ
ˣ˵̰ҲȻ׬ǮûؼǰһЩѵֵܣмʵڵڣܰ˸ټֵȰ¡
Ǯ㱱ϷĶҲˣһһ㵽ϣˮ··ܴţҲȷʵм͡
ԴˮˣʮѺڰЩˣͷɿʹ㳦ЩѾˣ̾ƺһЩϸĹƷֵǮĺö٣·ܺãü˴ǮˮĻҶָʮһǮġ
˭֪˵۾ͱۣˮȴʼղӰ
ö˶ˮ˵ϣһʼҲ뾾ˮʣɷ򾿾ȥôǽһʱϾʲô£ôö˶˵Ļᱻ飿
ɿűвŶҳɩӣ§׵Ķһ죬̧ۿ˵ûУҪһȥһŮˣô˵¶ֻ˿̵
·߶ˣǮŪǮҲѹˣֲ³ȥĴݺѪ̣Լһһˮ
ϺôϷǱߵıˣϻʮֵܣҪԷǮ͸ɴ˽ǮϷͷĻ
һģһаŵˣŴˣ˵ϾͷĿź˺üͣһɽ̧ͷļˡ
ŵ֣Ҷˣ֪ڼеھţɷЩԣûй۶ȵ죬Ŷ·ڲһѵçֵͣܶóһŸ硣
Σյģɺʵû취ˣֻܸ˺ðſϷĻ
ˮϻ⣬ѼҪõֵܸ˽ڸ߿࣬˵ǼеĻڷԲָ취
׬ǮʱֲǮ·˶˺
ˮ⼸׬˼µǮҲе㵱ˣԾҪǸ𣬾ͶϷͷĻˣǳԵĺȵģƷƷֻҪʡٵģ߲ܡ
ˣ䡢׶ݿԣȥɢȥ۸ǾǲݰһԺÿæøҷɵĲӬƵģ˭¶æ⣬ÿհ˽⣬飬һָֿ㽭ɽ͵ΪԼѾǸˡ
ԴӽͺѺ󣬴󹷾ʹм䣬׬СǮȵơƣҲ˵ϻ
˳ܣ˭ҶԷ˵ֻܴӴ󹷿˽ԷϢƫƫ˭ҲԴ˵ٶĻ
ΪǸϹŰ壬дûʵĲϣȥʡѵأ²Ǳˣóʲô£
ǲִͬƵҪ˵ڹѧʲôһ仰ȴﳤ˷̫Ǻ¡
һʱͬƽߣģûн
ֱгѰ칫ϣˮȥ˽Ʒ±СǶˣѵõĴ󰸣ʡıֽ˼߳д±¡
˺üˮңҲ֪ȥĶҲˣܲץȥڻվγСආ˼ֶ֤ԲϣǼ˹һ£ְ˸ų˰صԷѰˮϡ
ȫ˹ʺˣץǼСආˮŰˣҲûɢ˺ûа
Ϊ£칫ʯֳʡȥᣬʡ쵼£ǸСطȻôһɼ칫ʧְûвߣ
ʯǵˣټ˸ɲǿᣬôϰרŴͶѡչʱβ͵飬ƽռǿվͷѲߣɴɱܷŹĻ˵ˣ
׶һһ𶯣ƺÿնвͬ˼ļһ·Ļ̻̣ͱصĹڸı·
Ͱŵ⣬ʵҲôΣҪ飬ҵ˿ģǽҡе£ױץѱĹѷŵСȥռ֤ݣ̶µʱѾ˲ˣԼķʽ
ʯǺӣҲƴ󰸣»ȥʡǿ̧ͷټ˾ＸҪ쵼ᣬȥץ£һֶæµ
Ҳרĸ˵ȥᣬΪͷҪдܽϣòһǰ׼
µܣҪȥµģῪһ룬ץԱϣĴ۾ǰֽţŵ¡֣ȻУƤһһסԼ
ɢǰ˺࣬˵ұ뱣ܣһ༸գؼһˣ·ùסھдǰҪˣʱ
סдǸСˣ߶һɡ
ƫƫӹÿ˶æͷתڶ˳ȥüר˶ǵĹҲճչټһ֣ܲΪһӾͰռˡ
Ǳߴ򽻵һƳȥ͸ļҰ죬ֻͽʱûɳȥڰ칫дһϹгһˣ˵¥칫ΰæǩָ£ÿһҳҪ£ǺûҪˡ
ողŲμһץ飬еͬѾؼϴ·ȥˣΪסдԲҶƳĻʶȥʾǸרĸˣ˲ˣҲƳͶԽ˵ȥءдǸûĺãһŸʯֽȥ
ͷӦǣС쵼֮С˾ÿ춼ݣֻһʱ࣬ͷûˣ˵ǳ¸ַƾٽģֲӲʹöϸĻɸȥ
ţԼгһ·ͷȥոǿƳ˵¥ĳѹ˸ȥ˴󹷣æȥͲ¥߼⼸첻ؼҳԷ
ŵи磬кʵ£ǹսǵ¥칫ǰͺһʱ򣬼綼ź·ϼţҶ绹ϼԷ
ڰ칫￴·ļ¥±һʵʵţ˵˷ڱͤģһͷдһ֣͸ֽܿҪ´ˣúؼұꡣ
ʵվϾȵ飬Ŵڶǰͷȥĵ£ֵһϼƣϵȥˡ
ĵһӵۣӣʵ㣬Ҫǣֶ˵һػ̼ȥ⼸ţ־͸Ҵȣ
һ̵ſҵĵܵܣ統¾ͰŤס˵ТˣҪץ˻ȥϴ
֪ʲô£ϻؼңſںüʶˣҲӣ̣οһҹҪˣԲ׸ֳǻؼңŤúϵĲײڵˡ
ûпظһֵѺõ˵̶ˣ㻹죡
˼¶ͷֵٽȰ裬Ҳֹ˼ҵĴѵ׵ܵܣȰȰͣ˵˼ҡ
ϵŷ³ТӣӶӻСС͵Ƥ˺Сʱûٰ򣬵ºм俪ʼһֱڶףСӣЩ죬ǰˣҲ̲Т
֮ͥ£Ѻ˻ȥ̼춼ܳţһһӣðǡ
ʮˣڰϵʹĹӣҪдǰ̣ѹŻʴ磬ΪʲôҪڼţ
ʵ°ǷóݸһۣϣɫЩס
Ѿĵҹˣ·ûһζ硣
ҹϵһƣ˺һţҪӲŸģ
ŲӣӣҵʲôҪҲɣ
ϵ£Ĩһ˰Ѵϣſڣһ󰸣иаŵģֵܣڽϣץ˶ʮˣɻʮϻ
ڽߣڼ̶Լٷ


135 
ں, дúϸһ
̼ңʮ, 粻, Ҳûҳȥ
ͷӵķɢЩ, ץסĶʮ, йε߻ʯǱһŰϻʡ￪ᶪӸ̻жʼ, ҹﶼؼ, ڰ칫ָӹ
쵼ļӳ֣칫սپУץ˺, ҹ, 㱨ϼʡĻظڹſ˸ʾ, Щ͸ĵ޺͵ط, ûڴ˴ϡ
ɺͷ, ӪץģƵ, ôֵ, ôû˰
Ϊΰץ˶, Ѷʱ򣬽ͬ¼ֶдˣڻžͲΣдֵʱƤˣֻǿټ¼ͷһֱ˵
ҸĸͺΪܵܣȶϸˣѣгһЩǫ̃˵ĳŵŰ¸ȥ
ݺӼ̣ŹյǰѼȥ˰æ˵˵̧̧֣۾СӣǺиʲô£ȥͷӡ
ʮ죬ڼҵʱ򣬲죬ؼҶꡱѾúϵˣ²ǣҲǰͨ˷磬ûץֳ˸ץסȻǺүүҲû취ȫȫβر
֪˭д𣿡ĵʺ
űվһۣ۾ﶼǻްĹ⣬ε԰ˡ
ˣ׺ޱȣƽվǴżֵܶҪ֣Ϊ˵ˣʱףΪ̫ңһ룬״ȲңĶʮˣвʶģڷɢϺ͸ĳꡣ
󣬵ǳֻһʲôľ֪
֪˭дǸ壬д°ٴΣԴӻӽ˹֣ʱ࣬ÿÿնҪ˶űֽдϰСʱѾдЩģˡ
ʲôܽӽʲôǲġĵǴ磬ȻҪܵܵģ˳˺ҵ裬Сǰ̵ľ硣
ʵµ뵽һˣʵܵܣǻ𣿡СܵУҲһˡ
۾һ£ûеͷҲûҡͷ˾ȻˣǷ˸顣
ʮ죬Ҳûҹڼṳ̂Źÿնڴ㶵ضݶ̽ԷϴҲʬ㡣
صֵܣǮĻۣȫεĻ񣬺һˡ
ϵǣߣʯǺ˶پƣͷƺˣȥȥ֮ǰճвӶ˰죬˭Ҳ춢ڼܰѱһأڶ ˵ˡ
ȥ֮ǰЩн̼סʮ죬̤ȥͷһˡ
ȥ󣬷ֳٽ죬˵㣬ϵһ˺鶼ûиı䣬ʮǰԼôÿ֪߻ˣϵϵҲܽеóֵˣʧӣ粢ûֹͣתôڻôû˼ӡ
·ʱЩ֪ˣӦһˡޡһ䣬˵Ͷ̥Ҳ˾ʵڵӺ񣬶ֳˣûǰлĻæ⡣
Щץ˼˵ˣƴ˼ȭͷЩǱˡ
̫£ֻ亹乡
ûϰ࣬Ͳ¥͸ĸɩԷ˳㿴ֶֶŮ
¥˵ǰǳȥĽĹ԰һСϣƯСֶŮĸ˵裬ҵȻͻǵҵķ
Уȥɣ㰮Եͷ⣬̫ˡĸӹСŮϵ¶ȰؼҳԷ
Ŵȥˣ֪Լǽ鲻һһժһβͲһ̨ףţֿ̫ϵָף˰ĻǱ̫󣬻˵öԣҪȴ
߹ȥһθɾӵĺмйڰϣѹһЩʢϾίɫǸӥǿŶȻʧɫ˲١
˻죬ǰû˵󣬽վļ򣬲ض˵һоڲС
ƽֲƽƽģѡдźС˵
дСã£мϢû񲻸ȥ룬֪ǾõġɺϾҶѣҲŤץľٲҪֳ
ȥǿ飬ǿԭǸίεһõġ֡һְȨթ֮ˣͷץֱϾٱ꣬ûлعң˵͸ĳҲ˳׶ݣϲ̷ּ̣ܽ
ǿĸĸרչ¯ӳǰҲǲһģɶӳʱǿĸţҲ֮⣬˵ǿĵĹǣǿ丸ĸڷֱǰû档
СãҲ룬պĸĸǿĸĸһûκ·Ĺ¯ˣǷ˳
ϾԺĳ̶ȣǿȣֻأǿǱֳ꣬𲽣ʮ궼пܣ͸껹ʮĹһ˵˵ǲҵġ
Ǻˡ
ͬɲοĻʧټµˮͺͬԺﳤĺӣĸݣԼӹҲ棬ˮʹһؼңΪҲ֪һؼңȴľɹء
Լлã룬ûмĹϵţߵֵز
СãʱʱҪУһֱΪԼѾĲ̫Сġɺ£ָһѣǶʮ־ͨˣ£ûиĸԶףۼ˵ģһѡжҪԼ˼ǹپ
űǽˣͷƺַµ飬˺һֽͷЩʲݣдǺϵҪиڱС飬ǰӽȥһˣʯϼҵݡ
ĵڵĵλһרдӴĸλڱγڳ¸ַӳµСϣϱ͸ʱǳ¸ַ飬Բֵˡ
ڱȶͱӣҪǿ
еģûгںϡ
ŵͳ׽ˣİż˼飬С·Լдһƪģǲ䣬˼󻹴ͺǡ
ͬһߣֻÿ˶һ֮ŵЧӦ߻ÿ˶õֽ׶εĽ
̾ÿ˶ڱ䣬СҲڱ䣬ɿƽҲе΢ɳ
һҲţû뵽»ػأ³ʦʯ˵һ£˵˻Щ۶ʸ
ֻᵽ¸ַ棬ǸֻСѧСӵõһҲ˵ˣÿ˶˽ģʱŽȥҳ¸ַ棬Ҳ˽ġ
ҪǾˣ籨һҲСһ˸סһӣұ꣬Щ߹ĵطҲ٣ȻƫԶ࣬ƽԭأܿЩ
ľ͸С緢˸ĵ籨ʵ٣˵һ
ӵ籨һ˶ܸˣΪͻһҵפ̫Զˣ˶ûȥڽܹȥ͵ȥ޵Ĺˡ
ȥ·;ңԶһһضʮ죬мס죬ʱ䶼·ˣйҪ
¸ַ浹ûǵģԾӪһĸ飬꣬ﻹεӪȥ٣ԼҲ˵飬칫鲻࣬˴󰸣ʯȥʡ￪ᱻ˺죬ã˵Ҫȥˬǩ֣һҴá
ʰֻ˼˺ͼͬ£д󹷣̤˱ϵ·;


136 
յСĵ籨, ѾȥˣߺǣС˾Ҫ忴, , ˵ҪԼķС˾˯
ԺӼ, ȥʱ, ˾˵ģÿŻؼңҪ㶫ǣ˾ʹǺƽƽһȥ档
ǰ棬, Ͱֶ˵⹫ż, Ҳȥǳһ˵С˾ҪԺܣ޲Ͼܼ, С˾гǳȥ
С·ݾͷ٣ɰﺢǸַ, ңԼ, ǸڴӵƨɺͷϹת, , ǰѶ׵Ƥɹˡ
СңǺƤģͻһˡ
Ĳȥӱ, ҰѼ, һ, ÿ궼ˮĺͷţԽľͰǿϸ˼Ҳȥ̫̫ĸȫڿ֣˷ȸǴԼҲźǹ˸յ١
ֻУһĳ£ץǸʲôֻԼǵӰܴ󣬿ֲȷʵ벻𣬾ͷ
֪ƺ³иϼһ󣬷޶˺Ӧһǰοʵͼûʰȥˣһأûдκԣֻøˡ
һҺͽĴҲȥˣǺͺһĺɩһؼ֪ƣоֱЩһֵֺı仯Ĳˣȴݡ
֪ûҽĵ鷳ͷȵΣԼҲĪģȥһԼĶŮ˹˳Ǻο֪ࣿѾ̫õʦɩӣλþͰȻʾãƽղ棬˵ͺá
ص˳ģȥͻһһ˵ɩӵɫûôˣʲô񣬷¡
һҵ˼ЩСϣҦͷϢ׳ͳѾ棬ܵҲˣƿźֹۣƽµĶûУͺΣգϾ統˵³иԵĹмӰѾһΪΪ³иʲô
ҦϺһ˳ĬǶڵһδ֪
û죬׶𶯴һλĬ㲥ͱֽ϶Ϣм˺֪Է׷ᣬ˶ˡ
һÿ飬ҦҲȥʡ￪ᣬ˽һˣæչ˼ȥȽϾá
Ȼͷ˼ϰڻͽԷˣȻҲû⡣
ʱһ³ͱļĴ̫һƬͷɴʸˣվ̨Ͼþûزʮ𳵵ƣһɨգطС˵ġԶؿȥĵط̫ˣһֱǸСУ۽ֻôȥʡǺֻǼʶ˳еķ٣ͷи棬һ죬Ҫȥʶʶ
վСվ̨ƽû˵ڽ֮ǰľ˵֮ûˣ͵һȥվ
һһ٣㽭ȥӶӣûѵʹѵǳѵٴһ±һЩߵÿ
޶˵վʱ򣬽վһƬӰ³ǰƬ߼ʵأżз紵ĸС󷢳ɳɳĿһз·Ҫ
С磡ͷϴŶҵ̫ͷ˺Ҳɹˡ
ĺͻһҴ߹ģԶԶǸݸߵͶڻվǰͷ˷ܵس֡
ջԼƣ۵¶һЦݣ۵֮ɢȥֳ̧Ǵк
һҿһֽЦԼҲЦǰȥｭ
һұȽĴ꣬Ӫû÷˼ȥͷȻһ硱ĲûЦ
ƤһӣֶԽ˵ôоôС
ԼԴҲùֵֹģû취˭ûһ÷ȴֿžͱ󣬱ϳء
Сã׼ӺóԵģĹĵģ˼޲ٸСĵױǴ罭˵Сתʱ򲻺ãǲͣն֡
ǲ߿ĸҪԼҴŮҪһȥŮĵطˡ
ڷ˶緹˸ط˯˻ڽҵ°ĳһŻ˼塣
ŸմţҾܳһ˵ϣֻСһ˾ˣ˾ˡиͣΪʲôƽƽܲһճ˵ĺӣϵʹɢһ롣
˼һ¥˯˯˶¥ԭҵķ䣬СŮ£ռԼķ䣬Լ鶫ϧ·ȹӣ᲻óС˾˯ˡ
һҿɫ磬绻ֻɱƣ׼дӡ
ϴ裬˯һ磬㻺ˣŽĵոµӣԺӣǰС˵أ̾СãͲ¥öˡָɾһھӽ޷˺öࡣ
ǵȻĶⶰӿǺԺģм಻ĵۣܹһסѾȥ꣬ҲûָǷ˵Щˡ
ϻһҺͽԼĢúơƣһҪѵûɴгԼﳵȥתתȻûͷĵطҲ٣ȵɫ΢죬ͷ˵лл硱һ͵Ц
ǵڶ ȾƣѾЩϵľˣһҶп¸ַ̫ˣȻһϵͳġ
гСѼ˸飬˼Ҳȥˣľڼǻмɩӹ˭òҲߣʽ𣿿ܶ
ɩƲ죺СһС˫̥磬˳һģһ
ɩҲЦҪСĸˣǾ͵ôӱ޵Ϸȥˡ
ɩȴ˵㿴СʹϷ޵Ǳ˺þͳɣںط
⻰˵Ƿ׵ģҲû
ȴҡͷ潭˻ȥҸжˡ
ڿɲҶӣᣬٹɡ
ǸҪܶɩЪɾͲˡ
˰ĸӲŻгͣãȥϴϴתͷһһҺͽڳ϶Цƽܰһżｭİͷ˿Ū룬ûע⣬͵һڣиŮɣܺг
Ьѵϴţ˳С˾˵ͷһۣ裬ǻ
֪ˣĻӦôĶ𣿡ϴ裬ȻͳԷ
Ұֺϴһ˵ĻͽС˵Ҳ֪ǲǱ͵ܵܳԺóԵˡ
СҸСͷǲԼҲýˣﰵﶼ߼ˡ
öʱ򣬽غ˵СãԺ鲨ˣǺ֮ǰǸ÷˸ˣʡίĳ쵼ֶŮ
Ժ鲨찡ˣĶҪˣȻӹ̫ˣ׷¹Թ
ʡѵһأʶԷԺ鲨еģˣСôһԺ鲨ܿһСҲڼ޵ôԶ
Цһԭͬ˵ۡӪ
̱׼ȷ
Űɣ˵ϸ쵼Ůǰ޺ǰɵļȥˣļû뵽ᷢڡԼϣҲ㿪ۣѾȥַˡ
öһñֽװŷڽвԺ鲨飬һЦĬ
ڼգ˸̾عֱĵӸĥģ治֪ӪСôģ˹㲥Ǳֽ鶼ҳˣճȥǼˣΪҪӰСʱȥϣгǽ貿ӵġ
СõΪ˸ҹ̫ԿˣźͻһҴ֤ܵطġ
ȥľӪʲôӣ޹Աܽѵأ״򲻶ĹأһҲΪ󽭻ûһҸݣͷɶģǸ˶ԾӪȤ
˰죬һҲ˵֣ƽ
Цͽ˵С磬ˣҺͼôɩôˣû׼ȥء
ʹͷˣػǲƻġ
壬ַĳɳͺûͷûԵģͷгˣһҵɽȥ񣬸ժ˺öҰӻһ쵽Եþûͣ
ķ·ֿǸմԽʱʶĽˣﻹǸк
ʱ򣬻һȥҺڿ˽ţ˴ȥԴС
ĺͽ˵ԼԴеԨԴɷ»һ߶Լ
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˻ЩԹȥȹӣҶЦ
ȥԴһЩ󾰶һʼĻĸˡ
һԴվСѾˣвڼûΪ˭ֹͣת
Ƕյĸίİ칫¥Ҳȥˣмûȫջ٣ͷ칫ǽıİⶰ¥С署ˣֻǲ
ĩ죬˺ģ˿һ𳵻ؼˡ
ԭסͻؼˣ㲥ﴫӱϢʦӵʡ֪ͨҪȥ֧ԮԮҦίʡˣҴҵģҲûأûϴֱȥʦټᣬ㽫ϵһ𳵳˵ظʲôϼš
㲥Ҳڲټȫ־꣬統صĻ־ԸߣΪ
һһؼʰһô£⼸յ죬ǷݳҲ˳˵һȥýĸ췢籨٣Ҷں٣ʯֻͬġ
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öٶҪӳҼһʼ׼ԵĺȵģҪ׼ݣˮѼˮûһҺͽϣˮȱԼŵ
һҪܿĵطǧעⰲȫ
üҶææҵģİѽԵ̧ˡ
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˵ǼֲãССãÿСȥ˶ġ
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ĺһվһ𣬳ǻ֣ϣջؼҡ
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137 
һҺͽ֮, ĴŻһؼңغö˶ȥˣֳŮ˺ͺӵ, ʵԱʱ, üɩӶίæ籨ȥ, Ҳ籨, һ裬һⰴ˼˳¸շ档
һжʱ򣬼ɩӺ;Ƕ쳣ŽᣬһʱڽǷ, һ, లοعţԼ˻
ǽĹ죬ûǺظ·Ҳûڻ𳵳ĵش, ºɢÿչ, żᵣĻһͷǷ۳Կ࣬ڲ21ͣҪǳ, ·, о, Ļȣø˫ЬӲ, ȥ֣ӰЬ
ڵ֯˴Ҿ, ıȶɩǵľ, ҲǮ˺üǰ괩·ûвǾ˵ڶˣɴȥɩӼҲؼһЩٴ·մҲװ
ڵСװЩ׳Ķõʾͳһĸ
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ȣĶǲ̫õϢԼҵͷ֧Ԯ˵ǹǼٵģûĵҲɷİΣ嶼ЩƵģΨа׻̫ҪǮһڴϣҶӶɹˣһꡣ
ˣ뽭ĴŻȥϼ棬˵ݿոסõĳסıͼǹŻһңűЩͷԴ³ذֽŷ⣬ڳûҲûš
˼ھ·ݵʱҪȥ׶ѧҦû̫ģ׳ͷˣгڶǶ˼ȥԺסһ𣬸ѧѧҲԼ̣ܽзڣܰġ
еʱֵܶ˾ͳˣĴŻȥǡ
С֪ʲôһ˼Ҫȥ׶Ķǻǵ¶޲ҪȥؿɲҴźˣǻָ
˰죬Ļ̲סֵǶǴˣҪȥ֣˶ĵطŵߣһЩоѪڵ飬ͷ֮ǰҪ侲һЩ
һ꣬עǲƽһꡣ
Ҧ˼ǺƢ붮벻Ҧף꣬Ҧϲͣ˽Լݺͻܺıܿ˵ѵˡ
֪ˣҦĸ˵ټҵͷ˵Ժ˭۸ǣ͸߸磬Ǵ
ãСټ˵ˣټġ
ǷǳʱڣҦϺ³иһ쵽æûȥ׶Сȥˡ
ȥ·ϣѪ̺ǳ裬۵ȥԶ...ͤ⣬ŵߣݱ...֮ģ֮ǣ֪䣬һǾƾ໶κ...
ߣĴӻؼңϸͷĴ£Ҫָ߿ˣܶ鶼òһһ˵׳Ҳְָλ߶Լ϶б仯ô䣬ǰǺûǻ˭֪
ĸʱ򣬻һǻѪԼĴǣôҲ֪ȾϢѱĶϷȥϷ˵ˮ㣬Ƶˡ
ɰĿǰ۵ʱ˻Ҫ˳ƶΪежҪٹ
֧Ԯһµʱ䣬쵽·ݣʦͷϢȫصľӻһسǵʿҲ𳵻
֪Ϣÿ˾һ˵϶ǷĵЦǿʯͷҪ£˼˳Եģڼҵǻ
ȥˣ򳡣ͣһϢʹһЦ˼ţܾ룬˵ҪСѧˣȹźӶ飬鲻
ʵƽûҲźţطҪԼҲڡ
һûϵϻȥһ꼶ĵǸǶľߣñֽǰƤдϿĿǵ֡
ԭĺͻһһûٶһѧǰ࣬Ҳ⣬źͽͽһϰˣʦ˵ϿλὲСǷֿҹƻҪճŻһ
СƽǺܰͽ𣿡С䡣
ҡͷԣΪܵ˽Ǳһ·ˡ
˽䣡Ǳ˵Ҫͽһ𣬲ʮӾˡ
Ĵﵹһƾƣ֣ͷۣǰԼɡ
İһ꼶Ŀα꣬ȴǳѧһ飬ҹڼҸǿСǹ涨ֻҵܳȥ棬ϰҪСɣ˺Ӷ̫ࡣ
ӵ˷λһмһģʱĵ籨Ҳˣ˵ȥˣȵٸСдš
½ɩǵְӻָ˴ǰƽ͡
Ŀһֺݣ··һӰѶⶼˣϺͽ϶ЩСĲˣƤݣֿʼ˸ɷĹպùӾˣҲʱҪˡ
һҽ϶ݣȥ˫ЬѾõòٴͶſڣȥ֧Ԯȷʵȫ¶࣬صңϴ裬ԹڴϣۻܿڷˣһƬĳУѹϵ֫壬ֲ״Ժ֮ȥ˾ԼĴҲ˯ò̤ʵƵƵü
ĿЩۣһͷĺӸȷ磬Ȼһ򣬰ͷһ£ѽϵˮƣٰѴС˿Ϳϵơ
һֱڽĵݹˮþûлֻһֳˣûлֳʵ̫ˡ
һ˵ʵС֪ԼЩʲô
Լİõ˫֣Դִ
İ§ԼˣҪ׼ڵʲôˣֳܹͷҪַģһ˼ˣ˯ȥˣ̫ƣˡ
Ŀ촽ף˷ȣ¥ӻؼңǵұ̫¥дҵ
֣ſмɩſ˵ҩſϴˣһѡ
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Ҳ֪СصǸʲôֻ˼Ǯİ跢˸ϸĵ籨Ӷ࿴ϳһЩ־
һڼϢһգȹҵĵоŹվͻȥˣǺһˣӰûκԹԣָӣǼزӱ
ʿûʦĹѵδȫָҵ״̬ãڣ˶ͻ˹ȥ
ӣҲԴŽţɼ˻Ǻƽƽʱ99ˡ
㲥һΰȻŵϢٹ°¾ǲӣССļг׶򰧵ĻȦΰ˵ĻһѧУͣΣԷѧУ̨Ͻ¼ʫ裬˹ˡ
еǮȥ׶ȫŽһ𣬵ٵصΰ
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ﲻֹһһȻüųӪԸܵ˾ޱǰϦƽʿصӣһգ׷ֿʼѵ³ʦҦί룬ôҰѵס˻̻ġ
ʮµʱһ£ҪʼڲˣŻһؽѣæŲ˼롣
Ҧ˰࣬磬һҼԷ˵׶˼
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һҲòȥǽ춽ҪǵӣҲ͵ȥ
ϴʱҦϺͻһڵ˵
ҦϿͷдҵӣõָϸɬ۾üû˯ˣ׼ʱ
һҵܳһ˵ûа취
ҦϿһۣס죬ĬЩͣʲôû˵
ҹ³ʦĽʹ֪ƲڼңҺľԱպøļʱҩҹС͵վҹĻȥȶתʡԺ
һҰϢؼҵʱ˳˵ˣʦʦĹһų湦ݴҦίίһе³ʦ˵
ĸܵһ󱩷ǰսһҵ֣һȴֱ£һҡ
ǿǿӴҪǵĻ


138 
³иʦһ, ҺܿҦϺ͸湦Ŵִԭѵƻճûдı仯, 湦һƵģ, ɩԭȰھӽ, ʱҲ͵˲١
ʻһ, ºͷôݱ䵽һ
һҲ֪ܸо³ʦǼ򵥵, ׳Լ, ³иδؾûйǽݡ
ǲҪҶ͵ûзκ쳣һҺͽ˵
ڹ㲥ʮ˶Ľ֮ǴССķƽ⿪һ, ʸдţֶдϰߡ
, Ȼһجεӣͻһһ۾ܿĲҿ, ĸÿհлؼȥԷ, С˶ĺȦ, ĵòУǴɩ˵, СõĻ, ÿոҰҩ, ؼҺͼһſ߳
СõĻţ˵֮ӣȥ־ԸʵкüʮˣҲȥˣһؼҵģԺ㱻ץֿ֮ʼΪǷһƨծҪծҵѧУȥĹѹˣרծҸ߼ˡ
͸ٿǮȼüָֻ֮ˡ
յţѾڵòˣ忪ʼѩܵѩƬϣ̫ٳ˵ҲЩơ
Ҷһ꼶ΪΣõһĻЩûʧģܵǽһ鲻ãܵøĳ·ǰԼǮְһ飬һ˵죬ȴǲ֪δֶ༤ҡ
Ӿߣܷ޶˵һδĵỼûʧ֪ѾδƽʱĿˣܵȰѹȥʮҵ˽ᣬܿͷʱ
˵³иͷҦϳȥʡǿᣬʡԺ̽һˣָûҲΪ³زˣýָ˵
ҽԺ³иģֻߵľԱС˶ߡ
³иҩҽԺָ꣬ЩףͷҦȥʱ͸ڲ¥壬¾װͨ޿㣬̫ã¥ñӶûϣͷףϣƺͳɽֱͨͷֲݣûɥ˼
ȻѪˣôᵹҦ޵
³иҦˣ嶼ˣԼϥվҪ˷ҦһͬҽԺһȦͣһɫɽǽǰˣ԰Ҷ䣬ǽϵɽһƬвٿ֦ҶУķһϸСĹʵ΢΢
Ҧϸ̣û룬³иʮǹ֣ܾˣʮ䲻û;󶼲ˡ
ҦϣŶҪĵĸٹ̵ϰ߿ɲס
³иþԱȥͷĹӪˣ˵żȳԱ緹ǰǰѷ˻УԱƷгȥˡ
ˣ³иɢվˣҦһԵʯϣյĻҪһ⡣
Ҧˣ󶼲ٻȥֹˡҽʦ˵ٷٲ͡³и˵Щʱƽ̼ͣʮ꣬էһ̣Щ޴룬ƺ֪ҪŵĶȥջǷӷϣ˿̬Ǻġ
뽫ģ³иǸ֪˵ˡҦϲ³иҲ°ѻ˵øЩ
Ҧ̧ͷһۣЦ³Ȼ֪Ĵ㣬ĺܼʱ
һңߵ̫ˣ㳶˼ӣҲġ³иܵȻÿ˶ԼϢԴҦϺͻһҸ³иһ˰ڲ֮ǻҵģֻҪҸλӡûԹԡ
Ҧϲ˵ʲôԣ³˵ûԹʵеģɻ˭С
ǲң³иĻмֵʦˣڹңڲӣڽҶ
Ҧ֪ȥ£û뵽ԡ⡱Ϊ㣬ɽüͷ³...˵ʲôֱ³иϡ
ܵҪһҪʱˣھǸǡʱ³иǶʱ֮ˣҲ֪Ҫһԭȵļϲ£Զ˳вͷýԼȥڣΪⱻѿĲֻк֪ƣϸյĽš
Сʮ͸ʱЩ࣬ŻᣬҲǷͷʢʱӵĲ۶ӣõİ취ԼѡˣԼͼ˶ѿĺ·
³ΪʲôҦϲνˣ顣
³иԼһ𲢼˶ϻƣЦЦҿŵ㽨źССǸ߶ľԱߣܵߵ̫˳ͷӲˣͷøͷԽСô꣬ܵøһµ·ߣôСǰ;ܳԺˣ취ȥһýſ
Ҧϵͷһᾡ
³и˵ˣ˺ܶೡ̣ʬɽѪڶ浶ǹƴܹˣûĵʱľұҸ嵨Ӵ˾Ҫꪳɳˡ
ɩˣҦʵǰɩӣɩǳĴͳ֪³иסԺضҪġ
һɩӣ³и͵ȥˡŴźһġ
κ;ҪȥͶӣһͬĻдӺŮġ
Ҳˣ˿ףԴȥжƺҲٻһЩŰǴϵ³и䣬Լ壬أڶһˣ˵ĻڲģȥĴѾȥûл׵˼绰Сӽ̣Ķе÷
źʹŶ˻ףҲϤʵֻĺӺ³и׽³ͼҲİ³иŮԵȷʵ
ĸ˿³и˵һž˵𳵵ʱ࣬ˣûҪ㼸컹סԺ³иһ˾Ҳ֪»ټʲôʱ
³и֮ڲϣһֱûŲλãԱվſڣҲþûд
ҦϺ³и˵û˵̫ãֻúӵһ
صӣҦϽ˸湦칫ң³ʦĲȽ鷳Ҫݴְλȴû˵ͷôţְǡһֱݴ
һҼҦһ˻Ҳµ˼֣׶սѸдţޣ˼׳ؾѾʼϯһЩĻ飬ûмͷܻѻһҵԭپʦҲû˵Ϊȷʵ̫࣬ǱҲġ
һûǸսѻţǰżĿյˡ
ĺһʱǺͷĹһĿ˵ҪôţڲԺͨźͽͨǼΪģȥһЩƫԶĵط𳵺͹·ͨȲ㣬ڷ򣬻վСÿҲл·ͷҲûȫʧȥϵ
һҵȨԼϣû³ʦҲ
Ҧ³иҪǰݵ߻һңʡûͬ⣬ҽԺסţԣ˵ڻ벻֮һеͷ
մ³иҽԺźҦȥʾ֣֪˷籨³סԺٳûϢݸ֪ƣҲ֪Ƿ³Լ˵ġ
ӣҲԩң
֪յҦϵĵ籨վʰҹĻƱֱ
֮ǰ³ͼ裬㶼ҰһˣҶסһ𣿡
ֲǸչԼˣǲᶪ¹ıҲģȥ֪ƴԭģң˺üµʱһյҦϵ籨ģľͿʼðˣȴҲϰ᲻˵˶ûС
ڵʡĻ𳵲Զ֪ƵҲ࣬أܿ͵ʡܾҽԺ̽³иĲľԱСܳӵ
³ииڸͿһֻҩͷΪǾԱ˵ȥƿվģ̫ʹˣǵúһ
þƣ֪ưԱǰȥӹϵҩ
³ͷɫʹм֪ˣʹһ䣺Сơ
֪ϴɾ֣Ϳҩܹˣʹ³ԭ˵ЩжҪ֪ƻΪߵһ硰ҲǲΣˣڿ³иϴСʹ庢ƵģҽĻزܺȾƳˡ
³иӻ֣;Աȥˣ˲вŵˮֻʣ
Сƣˡ³иΪٻͷˡ
š֪ưϵľ˳һ飬·¯ƽ˵㣬ͷˣܲ³ˣͼһ¾ͷźˣ˵Ҫһꡣ㻹ȥʳùϦ𣿡ÿ궼Ҫʳúʿǹ꣬ûһµġ
³иǰεĺ֪ƣ˵ˡҽԺˡ
֪۽ǺмϸƣҲڲסЦãҵȥҸдͼеطס
³иǹƲٻؼˡ
֪ƣ֪ˡ
³иݣǸͷˡ
֪磺ڲҲ𣿡
³иҲЦŵزסįĶȥջɡסʡԺˡ
֪ư·ãӦһãȥ졣𣿡
³и룬ҲûʲôҪ˵ģ˴޴£һͬҽԺȥԷ³иͬ³иĶУ֪ƣЦʺһˡ


139 
ٽ, ѩԽԽ࣬Ұѩһһ㣬ɩǶ׼ĳʳ, ͷʱʱѩĴ, , úһ, ȴҲвһĵط
㲥ﲻʱͱ˵˭˭˭ƽˣ˭ַˣȻ٣żܻһ㲥е˶֪, Ҫˡ
Щɩĸݻָ˳ְλ, µȥ׷дŸ֪һ𶼻˵Щ£еҲ, Ӵƶũ͹˻зĻ𣿻᲻ָֻүһˣЩǸòĵ飬ǰЬ, ׼꣬ǰ¡
һϣĿˣĵҲ, ۸һ, ֻҪǿ׵, 󻷾ģʵ̫
صʱ, һҺͽķȴ
, һһս, ˳ˮϼҹˮز󣬼Ҽһʶи˭Ļ˼ңû˶֪ˣҿʱ˵ҲھӪǸ
һһҵţ˵һĶڳϢˣǸӪҺᣬתҵĻƻһɵӡ
ҵ˵ǴˣǼ²ʶɣ
˻༱Ӫˣһƭǲɣ
һ⻰ǰȢϱߵһ
ð黹ϻҵˣ
˻һҵƭְ˾ȻǼˣϻŪӪȥٰж֣ǲڶţǮĹģŲҸ߼ԼְˣԴӶ֮Ҳ֮ǰÿ¶Ǯʮˣ
ôһǻ˶ʼдŸһңϻһûּңҪһÿ°ѹʼĻϼҸĸϣҪеֶֶŮܲܰǮڶŵϣ
һοţһֻü˵཭ĲĻţڳûý֪ٽˣǸϼҼǮƱȫϺϴһҹꡣ
Ǯʱ򣬿ǮǸŷȥӦǸĸѵսѻǼ˼ȥˣĹʣȨûж롣
û뵽ǰϵͻϴˣ˵ˣûһùǰؼҿһͱҪǮ˿˵ڲ˼ͻӣûһҴӻؼҿһһ꣬Ҳһ֮֡
ؾ㶼ͷֽû˵ϱӻ˵꿪ͺȥѧҪѧӷѶʮԪʵͷǮɿһͻһֽǽŤŤд˻֣˺ɫӡѾһʽĽˡ
һô궼ûǹǰ£ʧԵʼձһֽǵڴοҲмûϼˣֻǰ϶мڣȥǻһҾͰŸĿˡ
İͼɩȥﻻЩȺţ⣬׼һ˹Եģһգѩ·ϻŶر࣬ϻصңԹϴţˮݽţó̾һ
ӹһҵݹţӾͿˣȰѻҳֽó˵ʵԱˣ͸ĶʮǮľ͵ǸӵĹˡ
ĶԻӡ󻹲ŻһȥˮϼңҲͻһ˳ΪΣøһνŵĵϱԶٷߣ͵͵ѱŵĻҷųļĺá
ţĶ࿴һ۶ðۣȥͻȥܰѻҴߡţëϵˮ۾ûпһҡ
һҾ֪Ȼǲ˵ģҲеģԼЩҫ˼ˣʹµǸʮкѾڻ˾٣²ҹУͷƴʲô˼أʱȥһˣðˮźŵĺҲȥ
ĺһ֪꣬ܲʲôһҳʱܳ죬ֹ棬ܾ֮ҲȥԼȥʣҪҪһȥ
˾УʺʲôһΪûҪֻҪ˵ģǾһµ¡
ģ룬һڹôãܵûȥơһһ˻ȥʲô˼Ȼһػȥ˿ӣȷʵгϢбˡ
ĻҡͷЬӣָӻһҰϴˮ¥һҵϴˮѾɳϿС˵ǷɢϣԼոյĻ⡣
ڽַǱΪһЩգǱϾˣҪȥ
Ŀû̧һδŮĸĸҿûʲôֵġ
οֻûһҴźǻȥûĿŵǶŹģϵ̰СĺӱŹǣһŻȥ
⻰ѻһ˵úͷһԭǴżֶԻ룬Խǰӻʱɹ£û뵽ôƮƮó˵еʹ࣬һ˷ߡ
ʼû̧ͷǰ츸ĸڴںͷʧʧ۵һ̶ȣԲģԼȥԼӡʵȻΪһҲҪ˼ǿȥԼѪܵͯ͹ҪԼǰ·ܻͷ
һһҹû˵ҹ۵Ҳû˼
ʵԱʱ򣬽İѶʮǮʵԱæĻظˮصĻ㡣
һһصңİº˵ʵԱдĻصҲһһҽӹʱû˵βſڣ꣬ûѵźǻȥһˡ
ʹ˵ﲡأӵģܵûȥ
ĿһۣŷĲԾҲˣ˵ʻʲô˼ɡ
Сͷ⣬ճǹУʱȤʱۣʱҲ᲻ͷһԸӳȥһˣһڼң˵ܹ찲ӣҲ֪һ˴ӳǸʲôܡ
ϧһһ£ҡͷү̼ҲȥίȲ˵ֻҪ˵ү̼ңͼǵú͵ܵԵ飬˵ģҲȥظļвˣ裬Ҳȥ
ҵһ䣺ү̼еܵ𣿡Сﶼǵܵܵģ˵⹫żиСã޲Ͼ͵˼ǰ硣
һҡͷĴ磬ĺӱȻҶ
ҾûȤǲȥˡ
һɫЩЩȻǽĽ̵ģϾ龫֣ǵóҲǴ˭öãŶ塣
»һңְתһȦСȥʣȥ𣿡ģʲô¶ͽ˵ÿնҪ豧ţײſ𴲣뿪ͲС
ҲҡͷҲȥ
һĿڣһһұͺڵǳøһ
ҲˮͷҪҪǮһʮǮһЩƱǿ֣һôȥԻҵˣʵû˼
վһģĸŮͦͬġ
Ҫˣӣһԣѿȸһ£ͺˣţĵƬ
Ҳû뵽˵ĵżôάˣΪһңΪӣͽĽҪȥ׵飬ֻǽľ¶ܣŵʱͺԹȥˣͷ룬̽̽ҵ˼Ӷ˿ûȤһֻŹ꣬˼Ҫһȥűڡ
ǴζԻ󣬻һҺͽĶ˾Щ䵭ýӱܺദҲûվһһ˾Ǹ壬ҪϯЩ齻ϵġ
ľûǷ֪没ô͸÷籨Ǽһ̵ţοһֶûᵽǻϼȥĸ¶
֮ǰǿԷſҰ٣ɴǾ͵׼飬æ¾û˺عţһһڵİţȴȫû㣬Ѿ˷ù飬ǰԤϰѧڵĿγ̡
Ϧգ³и֪һʡǹ꣬ҦϺ͸湦ʳʿԷ˼ˣڻͽҳҹӣżͮͮСţߵСſַűڡ
1976Ҫȥı궼Ҫ˷ܣ·һء
һҺҦѾ̸ӣ³ٻĿǰȰţûȰͷӸãеûģ档
źͷ棬Żһҵֱۣˣ˵Ĵ㡣
һ˵ϣܸȨȴʵ̫ĥˡ
˵ϣ˳һ˶ƽƽġ
ɻһ˵ϣͺܸһϼҡ
İַſЩ䣺ǰдţҿˣְ£ﻹ˵㲻ǮҪͱ˵㲻Т˳ĸǰʰװųʱġ
ҪǮӣ飿û𣿡
һң£ǰߣҪͷ
Щӽ˵ͬıӣһһҪᣬûǸ˼һҺ˵ĹϵʵִǺƿصġ
Ȼ䣬һҾȻȥֿʼýĲ
ǱϾôһһûãҵûȥ
ͺá
ĶԻһҵЩŭ䲻ģôЩ飬޷ģɸֵ˼ϣɩǶûȥӦˡ
޶˾һӭµһꡣ


140 
1977Ĵ, Ĳ粻زΪۻѩ, , ֵ, , ҰҰðͷǳߣݶӣŮǳ죬ԹԪ, , µһ٣ͷвƽ͵ĵط廹ǸԴ, ҹСӣСճѧ, ƺܵӰ˲ࡣ
һҺͽĶΪزسˮϼҿ飬ֵ΢΢ӲճҲ˵, Էˮ, Ƕ, ˿ͬһӵķôûо, ֱǱս
ǽز, һҲԼļ, ô˵Ҳأô˵Ļأ
һһһԼŵĸӵÿˣͻȥһˣŽĺͻڣ롰߷һߣ㣬˵ԼͰְһߵġ
һرĸˣ̲סЦ˳һңôײɣ
һڣȵ÷ܺͽĳ³˸飬ʵҲţ˻ŶԷοЩ±ͲǷ
ͻأҺͻүȥ̡һҰѲһˡҡ
ˣ֪ľˡʲôʱȥ𣿡ҲȰžŵĲˣ˵ǮƱ涨ã˭ô٣˵ˣ֮䣬ݣƽϵľͷ鲼һСľ͵ԹҪԸ⣬ͰѻҴߣźӣһ·ϾͲ۾˯Ҫһ⣬Ҷʰ㣡
Ϸޣйǣͷ˵ҲԽԽˡ
˽õĻһ㬵ͷǮƱ飬㿴ŵҾͺáĲż˺սǵģͷӣ㡣
ϧǣĴ컯ѩ󣬲ӴСæͣѧȥˣһݼ٣ûҦίǶΰų͸ˣ˵ȶԲǿѵɹҲûָ꼫㣬Ҫ¹ѵʱ򣬼˭ȱϯҪݼ٣˵
һû취ŷ籨ϼң˵Ҫӳٻȥĵ籨ˣˮͷûģҲͻ׸ɹллǽǮѧŵỹġ
ľر𲻿ϼȥҵܰʮĻһƲԼˣѻôСĺӶŹǣʲôˣϴҲǣֱǸ޵׶ͶȥĶдԹܵܵĲϼҵ󣬺޲ðӵδ˩ڻһҿϡ
֪ҪֻسˮϼҺÿҹﶼŻң˵үͷܣ󲮺ʹĸĻֽǻǣרųСһžͻᱻһ˸ȥͷ²ʱͼͽˡ
Щ֪ǴĶģĲ˼Ӳſھ˵ϹӰץɽȥϻߣҲ裬ѧġ
Żܵܡ§ŶĻңЦСƽͷСӳˣȴСʱһճһ캰ٱ裬˶䶼룬ϾȻС꣬Ҳ󣬰СٴͷûϹץ㣬İɡˣһȭͷͰˡ
ܾܵǸС·վڴϣ£Ц߻ңСǰһ˵©磬ʱˡ
ҲŲǵСҲȵϣͽ㻥ûݵϻҪſ£
˯£ȻȻ̫˷˯ţȥѧڴϳţ˭˯Լȥ㷿һ˯
ҹﶼԸ뿪ģһ꣬һ꣬һ˯ôһţ£Ҳʵһ£ͱһ£İѵƹϣرۡ
һҵݼٸձû죬ҦϺ͸湦ȥһ׶ܼ׳ͷãҪǲܣһԭսҲԣ˳Ҧ˼ȥѧ
ҦЩûף׳ھǸʲô˼ǰŪĶûϢǶٺҲЩסˡ
мգһͻȻŸϻ緢籨ظˣ˳ȥ˺͸϶ĳϵֻװɵ㶹ȥˣʲʲô
ɵǰһҲûյκλٴʧˣһҲʧǱһԵ̬صңýʰ˼̤˻𳵡
׶Ҫ׳ͷѾ֮ǰһ͵ȥҪţǼͨʱ䣬׳ͷп˲ܼ档
һûȥĳǺ˼һȥ°ļСԺ׳ڼңҲĻûǣǼ˳ڡ
ѾȫСӵģˣŻһҵ֣غһҸ磡ڴʱҺǻһȥ͵ҩŰܽβӡ
糾͵ĻһҴڵɫӦȫˣֻЩ͸ĸһ𣬺ͷţ˳Ļģųڵļ磬ϺοôҲųˡ
һҸ磬ȥԷڰгƳӲߣǸߴĻһص
˼ǷԼǮƱȥˣƽʱסѧУĩŻͳСסһҲҦϵ˼
˾ͻָҦͻһ˵壬鷳Ұ˵һҺ˼չ˺Լġ
УԹʦǳСĻһڳͷϣ֡
ָ·ûһ˸Ӫ꣬ûһã϶ǾñطЦԼȥ棬кһҸԷ˵Լľ仯
һҺһ˵׳ͷˣҦί˼³иôƺһ˳һ£³иƽˣҪ׳ŷģ³иԼҲźþǸúãǲúá
ûش𣬵ˮû˿ǣָմˮд֣ûһƤһֻ³ʦ磬ʦҪܵӰˡ
˳˷ס죬˵԰ȥڴ죬԰ﻨúÿˣеϵɽ䣬̺ģȥд
һҰ־ܾˣϻ𳵵ģ׳ǲټˣǾͻȥȥһһûסڣʶһи𣿡
ҡͷɫαʶ
һʧҲ֪ȥĶЩ鶼ɢˣѼˡ
һֱǸӵˣ˵֪һҾϾҲûиѡǾͲٶʣյĻ𳵻ؼȥˡ
ʱ̣ܶҲûΪѵ飬һһصʦȥҦںͺڿ¶Ȼ飬ԱС˵Ӫˣڰ칫ҵҦôȿţԼȥһҡ
ҦϰѰ칫ҵŴ򿪣þԱͷվڣһվҦϾҦѹ֣£׳ͷûС
һҡͷ˵ʱͬգ治̫ףǼ˳ڣ˵ͷþ
⻰Ҧϵһıһ£漴ֿЦѹֳٳٲ³жԭô£þ˭˭ʲôλã˭ߣ˭£Ҫ
¶ú³Ҳ˵һ
һҲģҦɫԲмȷˣֻǲ֪á䵽˭ͷϡǸСʦ³ʦ硰湦ݴְλ˵ȺҲΪһȺ鷵磬Ǵɢٹ鵽Ķȥȫ⣬ҦίĹ
һҺȥδӣҲǸ⡣
Ҧϼƣ˵¿¸ãʵ»кܳһʱ䣬Ҳ̫šվͷľԱʡǵƱȥ³
һؼңĲ֪죬ͼɩһѧ·ˮϴ裬ڳæһͨˮ˳ְϳʣµͷװ˼
һ²ߣＸھӣ˵
һǣŽģһֳֻͷԵú˵ʱûлϼˡźϧ
üͷһôˣسƺѡ˹յ㡣
ҪþһͷմܷͣθڣڳʲôûûζģҦί˵ûô죬ҿ˼Լ󡣡Ȼ׳ľԱɽȣѾȥ꣬˭Ҳ֪׳ʲôİţ³иҳͽҲ
һԵ𣬾ѵݣǹսΣǸɫľˣһ·룬һˣʲô¸շһתҵصԼϼңȥӣѲӣƺġ
ûйӻС벻ߣͥҪô죿
һҰԼĵǣһһͽ˵ˡ
ףԭڵԼʧҵ飬Ҫõͷϣȷʵð죬ǻе淢ˣܶһӣܿ͵ŵˣô£ŻһҴִƣЦûˣ¡
һҼн˫ü˵ôϱңнŵģôҡ
ңͷ㣬Ƿޣһ壬ͦ𣿡°Ϳϣգ۾һʧҵϵӣûһҲĪ
İɣԽԽõġķġ
һҳͷȿˮͷһ һֳֺıӣӣǸС
ǰͷسˮֵ̽ò£·Ϊ̸׽һЩĦͲ졣
һһ˵Ժ˵ʵ˵Ժһ뿪飬ܣɱֱһ˼
Ʋ죬˵Ͳ˵ıģǻһҸ˵ĸһֲãҲø˷֪ˣҲ˵
...һŷԼ׾ж鷳ֽ˵ҲǼ¡
ź֪ӦſְֺֿŸ첲һס֪ˣ˵Ҳע⡣ÿ˶һܷЩԼġ
ദ֮Ҫĥϣϸ΢ܳദȥ


141 
һ, ˮϳú, ˶չ
ƽȥ, ĺͲ̴żʱ򼸾仰, ʱ¶, ʱǼ¶һûһš
̴ͽ˵ɩӣԭɨä൱ʦС֪໳
Ҳ㾪ȣͦõˣ䣺ѽ, ǵùϲˡ
, ûо飬Ϲʱεˣְ˽ŰȥһʼΪǵѪ, Ͷиţ˵·, žкˣҳŴ˵ˡ̴ֿŰţϳ, ݸ, ӹǮ, С֪ҲҲϹ˸һ, ǳ֪, ۾, ÿŸЦ˾˵Ҫְˡ
ż˵̷ƺҦί˵˾͹ˣ˶ˣ͸ûʲôýġ
ЦСĽϣǺ飬źͳ̷Ҳ˵֪ĻһӲףؼҺתͷ˰Ǹ̴㣬в̴ȥ̷ƣԲ˵ʱĽ顣
İϢ߻һңһЦЦйⲻͦõ𣿡
־еϧ˼ڲڼ壬ҦϻȥڵϹģץŪˣɻһ˵ҦæýŴףûЩ¡
ͺö˻ýһҲеˣ治Ǹͷ
ҦȷʵæһҴþϢһû˯ţܿȥʡǣ³ļʲڼ壬˴˵ʱú֪ƻʰҲûж
³νƻ
ȲˣҦȥʡǣԺ³и˵Ϣ
֪ƼԾ˳ȥ³סԺֻ֮³ͼмҲ͸ĸžۣӷĵӣϾˣ˵ǿࡣ
ҦϹģþǴ£ôװѵģûͳɲˡ³иֹۣƺԼժˣһɣϻϻȰǲãͷҲҺͱ߾Ҫ˱οһͷųô׳СӣûλѲȫϵȥǰѧһðţΪͷܷģ
֪Ҧıº浽Ҫõʦĵزٰų⼸ˣĸǳ汾µķ˵ǲǣ³ҲûǸ̺·˵̣ûٳżԵɹ˳ָҦҲźңԣ˵һˣһңҹܲҲܲС
һµʱͷֻ֪ͨ³иߵʱ³иҲû취
Ҧ³и˵Ĵʮָ³˼ҲȫǷסԺڴͷҲǣ³ôҰԵһˣһϵ򵽽ε֮һôԴУҪˣҲ׼½
³ҿ˶㰲֣ҲˡҦЦˣû취£ɴҲԭȵĻˡ
ɱ³һһСҶ鲻࣬׸ô꣬ɶҲûѧ
ҦЦ˵˵²ˡ
Ҧϻ˼壬ֺһ£ÿĻᣬѵˣһû£һҿжҲûǰӵĻûʧоΣתҵϼҲɵ۲ɻźӣɴͽĺúõعСӣҲϼҿˡ
ˮͷǷ籨׷ʣһûأһ£յǵţ˵ûջϼңǸĵǮƱҲУʵûУʳҲУ˿ڶ࣬٣͵ȼأһҷգŶûֱ꣬ȥˡ
ͷѧͨ·ӣǼĶ̿㲻ٰɩȥ˳ĸĸСֶŮҲһ˻ȥ
ݵòֳ࣬һҺģûĻ򣬽Ĺ۲һݣˢٳǣҲҳӲúܽ
֣ӴԲԲ棬Żͽּۻ۳ǵĶԻЦСǵã˲żң
Ļû뷨ݲãӰͷ̫¶ˣûеഺŮڣǻһ㳤ϵĲ⣬˿һۣ˵ܿ޸죺ǷδȻ
ŮƽڼҸɻҾȻҺͼɽȥˣ˵ץҰӣûץţɽʱ˵Ļ񣬱ܻһһͷǺҪĸϴϴ
İţһˣ͸һС̫ˣѾвסˣÿǿʼȦˣͿʼӾ
һЦҴˣ
šֱۣҲĵĻŮӣ˵ĸܶ
ǹܽ裬ҹϱǶܡһҰְԼĴУЦһڰûҵģġ
бһۣߣȴǻϲģ帶лر˭ˡ
ʱ򣬽ȴյ˽š
˵ڹظͿƣǰӺͺдһȥһˣ˵öãûôƷ˵ľò˶ҪãϲǶоĶڵǮҲȥѹˣȥͷ硣
ͷۣ˳ҰģܾܾʣȥһҲʲô״ȥȥʱ
Żر𲻿СʵţЩ͸¶£ҲеѧĻᣬ۲Ժ鲨ǸѧܾˣûмǴĻٹ¾Ҫָ߿ˣһĸϰʱ䣬ö鱾ղ룬ö֪»ֵϹϰ͵ƿ顣
ôڳͶѸпα¶һߣЩ¿ӵҪöˣصĸ߿
ΪһңĻͷд˻һҶԺ˵ġ硱ϣڹλһɾͣдҳֽ˼ֻһʵţúùĶȥ
յСõĻţ̾һ£СùȻǲ֧ݹģҲû컹и⹤ܵȥˣҲһǲäȥͲȥ̰ɡ
̾ٿһ飬ŷСмԼ͸¶һЩѰϢѵǻͷʲôϢøС
ýȷϸǷпͨԽѧķɽٻžģɣֻȺϢһ仰ý
֮⣬Ҳдȥ˵Ҫȥףý̽̽ҵ˼ٻʲôĻعеΣʵûʲôӦֻȻֱ㶵ظ㡣
˵ûдĲۣ񳧵㹤˺ܲ붨顣
ϼµģȻûϹѧΪ˺ã壬Ϸףƾٽǵˣǰ޵˼ȥˣͲĺӣ˽ܣΪʵɿȶʣ˷ӣ׼ʱϰ°࣬ÿ춼ܼˣкӣлңҲˣмʾһ֣Ȼ㽭ܵһú裬Ҳܵ˼
һҼĿŵʱһΪΪѵ飬żùмֲͷôòִ磬Щ黹Ҫ˵šüýı
ﵹмƽϣȻд˵˵Ҳǲ᲻ģûа취ȫģƺҲѰֻǵͲͷѯ
ס¼ϻؼ£֪ǼҵãסǶҲΪ˲ɩ鷳ȥҲ˼ڵط
Ȼĵͻһҽ飬һԭΪͲ¥ɻһ󲿷ԭΪϲһңδǧġ
ֻЩ죬Ϊ⣬˭еǻˣȥûа취ѡһҵ˼±ʫ飬ģ϶Ҳīˮ»ָ߿ܿϴѧδ·ͺڲͬˣֵһõ
ûһҵĻʻţøдСѡ񣬲һҪϽ飬Ǹ㹤ƺûйͬ⣬˳ദҲǺҪġ
һҲŮô˵ˣĪôͬͬ⡣
İһۣ㵱ȻƲˣŮ˺Ů֮Ҳǿϧġ
յĵţȻһͻţ˵˵еջǲٴν飬ڰͷǮ£ӷȥ˺ö಻ͬɫëߣרڼ֯ë£ˣëȥǮɩãʡʡĻܸҴ
İЩӣǿǵ趼ǡ
գգ۾裬Ҫ͵Ƕȥ𣿡
ôԽԽϹ˵šСվһЩڳģ̫Ҳɹˣʱһڿôã
ҲߣҾڼڲ½İߣᱳö·վѧ鷳ҹ壬Լ㻨ǮлһҺͽģиƨܻܵңĵطǣƱԼؼ
ͻ裡Ļ죬ԽԽˡ


142 
Сµ׷, ҶŽ״˼ңһҺͽĿһ͵ڶԼҺϣЦ۾, §, Ůöӽиͣ, ĸ, ҲΪ˼ٴõΣѽ״һ¥Ŀǽϣ˭˶һ䣬ǶӰ
̵§ӣźǿôѧ, һûнľ, ֪ǧľǸʲôĲҾǶʶ֣Աů, ˺һߵ, ֮ӣһգһ˱һǿͺá
ñĴֱ, ûɷɶԺӽͳһս, һ˱һǿǿ϶, ôãõȥ, ǵĻǰѼߵϹڲɣź֡˵˼𣺡㿴Ҧί, ֪ӷŵõĵطȥһǻ, ̸£ǲǾͲһˣ
˼ֵܶ۵ʱȥõطӴһĻڼܵСȣѾкܴ仯ˣһϵĽ˽ϸʶ࣬ӦҲ죬Ǻܱ׼Ķ
һҲǣŻڴֵСΣԼҲ˼ֱ޲ߵĶղѵڼҶѧϰ˵öԣĸģǵøС·Ȼʯͷӣ׹ʮˣҲ׷ˡ
İѻҿõһдŸİ裬мԺҲѧдˣʱʱͷд˽С˾˺ƽƽҲдţ
٣Ļ᲻ӻңȫҸ˻ȥӳЩҲöˣ΢һܾͼˣԼһСľͰŪˣǵö˰æŲУһҵļһֱûﵹ˵ɢϢ죬һߴ£ֲˣͳԲ
ûȫǰСȾóˣõھӶǼҴ磬ƺҪһЩû˵䣬͵ˣ̫Ϲţɹðǡ
ÿ̶Һһ룬޲ˮ
ֲһʹȥǰͷĺѧӾһģսѣĺӣ£ֻһ̿㣬͵һ첻û취̫ˣˮ졣
ĸһȥһһֻطΣȥģҲȥ˶ĵطܸ˱ǻңѾʼЩʤˡ
˴С̿㣬ǰְ˺ӣտʼˮѧ˾ϣûܻˣһҼûʲôˣýҲºӣĻеŲŮˮ١
ɣҵ㡣һҿһͷĺ׳ϣȵòˣɴһѣ˳ˮҿ㡣
еӾļ䣬㺵ѼӣںӾڹ̶ӾӾֲһѵҪ˷ϰҲ࣬ѧÿ죬ǽ˺ȣһˮͱŻһҵֱ۲Ϸſ
οˣһ§Žĵˮؿڣһ£С
ɵñСıýϷЦڻһǿ׳ֱϲϷſֱ׾˼ҵоһҾԱ߿ȵġ
˫ֻ³ˮĨϵˮΣôһأ
ֻ̫ʣһ˿ԵʱһĿڲؼңһҰѸˬýϣһֱڲϣǹŰӣϻżˮС·ģߡ
˼кˮˣɡ
졣ЦЦ£Ͽ·»ػǱ̰ˮˣȻȥ·˼Żе֡
صң֣ǿŵ죬˵Ҧίҵӻˣء
Ӧһл֣ӣʱ˼ҲǸ÷ˣ˵ҪǵҦϼҽȥʶһôֻؼˣ
˯ǰһҺӣ̫ˣǲһǽ˯һ䣬Һ˯һ䣬СҲǡ
ĵ·һۻһң͵Цѧػǰˡ
˯ţСԺ¥Ĵ󷿼ס˰ȴҹ紵ɵƮ𣬽ĵҲڻһҶߣ϶ϸܵĺˮһӣ࣬¡
һҼѽȫס˫־ͷ...
ںӱ߾¶ˣˮմʪ·ƽʱһ̵ģˮﶼ첻ֻͷƤ飬޲͵ҹ¡
ڸսĲͺѧȻҹ
һҾǲ·ףȥϰѵˣͺڼҡ
...İͷͷ۾ֱۣͷ˯˺緹Ҫ࣬ǵһ̲ˡ
áһСԲһڣ¥ȥ
˼𲻵ˣ˵ĸ߱ͽ³иʡǾԺҦϱԭҪæʳãＸûдʳֵܷżҲڻҳԷ
ֵƱ׼ʱԷѧҵΣǷơ
ǳС˵дúáҦ˼ժ˸СԺĻƹϣȥմ˵ΰͣųͽ˵
ҦͷҲ˸ۻƹϣԼܵܵԴ˵˳Զʱ˵𣿡
ڽʲôֲǱˡҦ˼һȻӣǵһ ǸСкһү̫ˣҪԷҼвˣôվôйأˡ
⻰Ҧ಻˵Ҳͬģ׶ٺãԷбķչˣԶŻ˾һͣϾԼҡ
ֵ£ҺǻûôĹأźͻһɡ
СȻ˵ڶҦ˼ϲңָǽϵĽ״ֿ̾Ա߻Ľ״ǽСǵһأ
ߣ»Ҳܵһ˫ֽ棬Ҧ˼׷ȶҪһָɢˡ
һһؼҵʱ򣬽ĸպðȥڳæ˲˳ȥһϴ֣һڣٰͷóȥ
ҦһС˵ͽôȡ
û뵽ֻС侹ˣ춼ȥġ
ҦϾǴӣŮ֮Ѿ˽ˣһС񣬺þòȥŪҺʹ˵СӻʱץСӣ͵署
û͵Ǹ˵̫ˡ죬
ԷʱҦ˵үĵ绰ڿۻָ߿¡
ָ߿һҷ¿ӣҦϸ˵
ҦֻǸӣ֪٣ҡͷСǲҪ˵˵ļʽǲģȻԶﴫ
ҦĻﷴ˶裬Ҫ㶼дŹȥǰѿαٹһ飬㣬ѧǸõĳ·ӵãǰߣŲ̫˼ɡ
һ˼Ҧࣺô˵
Ұֻ˵ģǴ¡ҦżСɫЩ죬ͷðˣֿأ񫣡
˵ȥһ˽𣿡ǰҦһ죬˵ǴˣҲǻϼҿ
Ұ˵߿ҪָȥҦ˼ûûεģҲŽġ
һ㣬ҲǣҦǿԽμӸ߿ģҦ˼Ƶõ꣬Ҧ֣Ųֵܱ
磬ľͷֱдŹȥϻزҴţ˵׶ϢͷҪָ߿ӹƱֽϾͻбˣϢŶСɣϽ׼ҵʲôα⣬һҪϧҪʱš
㣬ЩΪⰤ˺ܶϻгϵҲдùܳΣǲһ˲ŵʱЩ⣬Ȱǰͷѹظˡ
ʵԱгų嵽ſڣĶึ˵ǮĵǼӼż
յŵʱһĲǻС˵²˵ȥܽУǽźʹ󹷣һ˼׸еĿα˰;ںĵ￴顣
ȣһ𣬺ȵģĸ꣬ŰɵģСõϢ𣿡
ڼ壬Ʋ֪Щ¡ǻʱʱ׶ܣġ룬Ͻ飬ʵлɣҼȥһ
ҲûȽң⹤ûУεǰ⣬͸׬Ǯûˣ͸ƵģԻ㶫Ŀ꣬ϽѴǰѧĶܿϴѧºû
ʱʹ˶ʼĽֵĳɹˣ߿Ҫָдúã϶Ǹơ
յĵţǰֶһ£ôżżѲ͵ܷܵʲôˣһſϢü»ϾͰŸ
µĲЩûȫһﶬѩҹȵ۾ŽĵǷţ濴飬˵ƣҪ˿Щ֯ëˣָͷͺˣǼ˵ñʵģëġѿαҳúÿ飬һиɩڣǮʳҹţ¶üĿġ
ﺬᣬӦһżպãֺظдһлż
ѮһŤתǬҪ׶ٿָһλҪ쵼˵ְ񣬹գ쵼ʽع鹤˸ͼµĻ
һ˵λ׳ҲʼʽϯһЩĻ飬ֽϿʼƬ֣ںλá
ҦϺͻһűֽСԺȵȥʮ˵ʱˣ
˱ƽҺ˼ڣȻ治֪ôˣҦ˹ֵܶ˰ǰְַһ¥ķ£˴˰˯
һ׳˶ִ˼˿һ󺹣ŰŪ¥ķ¡
һֻ˯Ǹ겻ס˵С
ȰúҶ̱ˣݲݵʰһ˯˹ȥ
³ȫߵѧУ׶ٿֽϵǻָ߿ۣзҲֵ֧ԷеˣѾʼ׼ˡ


143 
һ, ǸֵüӣΪʮ죬ٹף, ʡʦ˿, ˶Ľ, Ҳøʦ֯
ʦ˵ӰӳŵӰ, ҦϷ籨³и룬һ죬³иĶջǾܾ, ˵ٲ, Ҳĳɷͷҽһֱ˵ǰͷ̫֢ܶü, ο֪ҲҶ
Ǹϣ˿Ӱ, ںӻ˸֪ǣһ̨ĿһϹ, ֳ֪˺üԡ
һ˶ȥ, ˸ֵϡ
λ׳Ƭϱֽ, һۿɼٱûǰһһէ, ֻǳϻ̳Ͽ, ϰѵ, ϰȦ˰ŻڷڽģֹͣתһѼŮ˺ֵģ޲ȥźá
һڵϣ۵һǺˮʪˣһһһ飬һߵȥˣҪ˯ţͰҹ¥Ѳ˵һɣң
һҺٺЦҲҶˣëԼϵĺɾ§èйУ˵˺öŰ˺ģ̫˷ˡ
ᡣĿͷۣȣ˻⣬õŮȥˣ̫ƣ㻹͸ȷ硣
һȹһûһµظȷ磬˯ɡ
⼸սĶһ緹ȥϰѵҸٰѽĳѣʼѧڵ¿γ̣û취ǴҲûﵽŵĵز֪ʶҪǰοˣͷϿοԲŲ
죬ȵùͷһȥӾһҲڣĲҴȥҲǸһȥ¸һ
ɩӺɩӼ˵ĹСģӿ̫ˣĸôĺӲҰҰģСºںˣǺӲŶĺںﶼվֱˡ
ھô˵ĶΪҪˮԭȶɽͶҾߵʦ˸ǳľ裬ʵ̫Ⱦȥһ
ȵõľݶȥһһЩɽˮ˵иĺӱˣûãǺӺС鵽ˮˮļǣ˽ųСûüдˣǺӾû
ںӱ߶һ磬ڶСʬθѾˣһ˿޵죬Ҳ޲غӵһ
ҲţصҾͽѵԼĺӣܱŰȥӾȥȥҲҪд˿ţһУֱӾͽֹȥӾˣһҴҲȥ
ãͷŮһҼҾƣС˾˻˸ɰľͷޣԸ·ͷӱ߶ûô
ҾЩ⣬Žģ˼ֵܴȥС̿㶼ˣ͵͵ȥҦ淢ýĵһ ִƨɣҪ
ЩСƢƣҽСֽǰ죬ͷһڿķǣдֻдʮдһٸ
һһ˵Һ̨ŶһɣʵˣԹԵëд֣дǰͷ£Сĵطǲǳ𣬱˵㣬ǶҲǣѵ󣬹һԼͺá
֣ӸԺͽȥӾأѧöӾķǲȥһ˵ʱ˭㶼ȥ֪𣿡
ҵͷ˫ֱŽĵԼСԴǰ裬֪ˣԺٴƨˡ˼ӡ
ãͽԹͲƨɡļСӱãָ˳˳ë
дأǳһˣһ˾ȥ߿󺣡ļСкͽںӾ׸ӾȦС
Ȥش׷ʵ裬Һͽʲôʱ򳤴󣿡
⣬ҲʹĺЦıӣ㳤˾֪ˡ
һʱŽĺദ󣬵ôһߵģտʼһԺӶЩȻĸ˿Ŀһһջĥϣڣһ˭Ҳ벻˭
ļһҷ㶣ϻЦһۣϴˡ⼸ҹ˷ڵĸ˵ЩЩݣһҲ
˼գ˼Ҫ׶ȥѧҦίлһҰæѺ͹ȥһ׳ͷˣʵڲУϻһҲУеûģ˵˵죬׳ǲȵˣҪܴظãûҲҪ
ĸһʰźȥ˻վСĳؼ壬һߣһСɿ˼ƿˮһȥ˸Ļƹףڲ조ɿˡ
һ˼ȥ׶ûڣǰȥӽͽȥˣ׳ҪæµʱæҶزˣ˶һ֪ĶҹĻᡣ
һؼ˻ڴҹȵ˯ţ׳ҹҹ͵ƾĬɫЩвݣͳһҪʱŻָ
û׳ȻҲ˭ֱӸһһסһҹ˾ҲйĽ顣
һң͵׶飬ס˼һ˸һ׳֦ڻһҵİû취֣æṩһõĽֵġ
ǼǰĻһңһڴӦѺӽ˭罻˷ģڼнڣĿ˲ң˭Ҳ᲻˭һҾҡͷӵƤܸ鷳
˾֪ǲԸģ˼ҸĸŮ룬ӻôСҲȷʵãûᣬ˵ҦϣҦڶǷ˺ʵĹܲһֱһҼҡͷ˵Ҧίʿһ˯ǰǹ
˿˻һһۣЦЦüĿģˣһľͺá˵꣬Լ˼һûһҶԲˣͷñķ̸ȥһЩز
ڿ˵˼ͥӣ˵һЩϵ飬ֻǸһ˵¶
Ϊȷ˵ҿ߿ָڱˣ˵ڵҲǸȥԣ˵Ҳܵѧء
һԭΪϢԼԶһᣬžãʵЩԼأǰľǸѧʶɨäʦȽ뵱ѧ뿪ͺǣʵס˵ģЩʧ䣬ڶһʹǱˣؼȥˡ
ֻҪһ뵽ܻʧȥˣһҾͺ޲ϻصߣ࿴
ȥ·ϣһҲ룬Ҫߣͺô죿
Ϊ֪һȥ׶ǳ磬Ҳ֣ڳߺ˵ҹҪ϶꼶ˣڼңǵһ͵ȥѧ
šһҸճ˸ˮ˺ӣмûθɾƺ¡
ľˣôÿسܴǻһСˣһͷأ
ģ뿪Һͺ𣿡һҰ˺üʳڡ
⻰ضһ£ϽָһǰüԺջܷġ
㲻Żңܷ𣿡ĳָָĴ룬ù
˵ķϣһһ֣Ϸſһֻͷ档
ôôʣİֱϣĲӣȫɫ̿ҿҳҲࡣ
һǿ¶һЦѷ˵Ļ˵ˣȥ߿Ļȥ𣿡
ĻһԼ21͸߿飬ĴѧͦõģϵһУȻҲԵʱһ·նʱȫĵز˾ȥǸȴǻͷСѼһ˶ӣû컵Ļ䣬ʵڲ̫Ըعˡ
ڲȥûѻ˵ͷ˵ɡУǶģǸУϲרҵŻĶ
...һҰѿӷ£˵ȥѧ...
ȥѧ͸𣿡ĺЦؿǰĴ̲̿סȥĴ䣬Ҿôţָ˸߿ҾһܿϣûģڵľӸ21͵ľӹƴͬʱòûпαˣڻû취˵
һҵͷĻһġ
ҡͷ˵ЩΪʱ硣ŵģ̲סȥԵ˴ѧһ¾ǰѻҴȥһڼѵ
һɫһݣǲУƲأ
Ĵ꣬˵㲻˵Ҫ𣿵Щ¡
ȻɽѾҵ̫꣬ӦԼһһҪУ԰ʵ֡
һŴڰ꣬ȥϴ֮ǰ˵ʱȥѧҿ϶㣬Ҳȥһ룬һҡͷĻû˵϶飬顣
ĸ֪ͬ꣬ܲʲôǰȥֱۣЩƨһңôҰ
ôԸ֣ԿҲҪһ
һҵһӾͺˣǸʶʱͬ־һ٩ͺߣ...ȥϴ롣


144 
³, ҽʽΪС꼶СѧһҺͽķڿѧȥѧӶѧϿѾ, һ, , ȺСֳһ, ڽҺͷվţǿ˸Ͻȥ
裺裬߿ߣƻһҡ
С㲻Ҫ
裬ȥһ˫۾, ýĿ, ţͲ浯ܺкˤӡ
ú˵Ҫ裡һҿ, ҾͲҶˣڽű, ˫ֲǻЦģԽļüŪ, ˿Цá
Ҳ, ǿȥɣֲСӣ
Ӵ, һҹ֮ͳɴˣҪ, Сƨ
ȥʱ, Ļ΢˸Уǳ, ǲ׽ˡ
һбһ£˭̫ճˣ˯һȵûţ˵Ҫ˯ϰߵģ
ֱһѣҾͽһôˣ
һҾЦ˳ıӣȻȥϰȥˡ
á·ںֿȥ쿪ѧһ죬Ҫ⣬иӡֻҪȥѧŬ飬кóԵĵǡ
˵ʱ򣬲̴ɩӣ֪˵ǹһζԿѧˣ˵öʦȥ׶ˣʮа˾û⡣𣿡
˿ţ⣬ò̴һ֪ǿֽ˵İɣȻôֱϵ˵һָͰѱֽϵı
ǴҶȥϴѧˣûũˣ̴㻹ͦеطǻʶ
Цӹǿţ⣬ŽѧôÿģǸ˶ܿϲɣ
̴ҲЦɩ˵öԣͶôˣҲѧٵĺܡڿ⣬ţҪ
СľҪˣ̴㲻
ϻغ˵С֪಻ǻ𣿡̴˳ӣŵݸģչȥ˵˵˿ܿԿѧˣ֪顣ö֪඼ء
ЩȣɷأͬһͶ֪𣿲
㣬Ҳ˵֪࣬˼Ҳ˵ˣץס۾ģ˫粻ᣬ˫ֲԼȥϹ׬ĹԼͲˣĶС֪һиó̴㲢ϲС֪ɷ˵ֿᡣ
Ҳѹ֣ĻƣµཽˮɵĶ̴ԼһѺ֣˶úʵһ֪ࡣ
С֪ܲڳԲϷɣʣǵó̷ǵģǸԣҲֻǸͨͥȲ̫ƱǮиҲٳٺȵġ
̴ûˣѼ⵶һԣһĨ֣ԼɨäʦƱȥʳùʳøԼԶʳҲûɷڣö֪˵̫ˡ
Щ֪˵ʲôãо˵Ŀ⣬̷иҲ޿ɺǣڳԲԶʳ˼С޶ܣʲô˵ģҲ̫ˡ
Ͳ̴꣬ľţһСϻؼȥˡ
ŲӶдҵһʱĸТһʱɹûй
ǰİǺ±ҲϼҼ˼زȥ
ѵõǽ꾹Ȼյ˻񣬶һЩԼֵĶһըС㣬ǻɷȥⲶģ˵ûүһϼҵζ
ըСû㹻ͣеӳһͲĸɴһͽ⣬𳴹ǺڣүſʼУһҸһСҪ¾ơ
Ǽ£ϰߣûۿһС
ʮˣĺͻһҶգ⣬༸ˣҦϹһȾƹڣûмڣ˼زǰְֺͻ嶼˶
ǰĴӵϴ绰ûдżĸ㣬С⼸Ӵֲдʲôֻд˽ףһûд
һܾýĺìܣһºƫ㣬һº衣
Լγֻ֪Ǻ˵ָоعΪúԼĸǰûѡ񣬵ǽϣѡء
յдġףڿ֡ᶼˣ͵ܻܵдˣдá
һٸȥƬżͨ˵˵ǵĽԼûȫʧȥӵϢǸпԼġ
ڹϰ࣬˰ûڰ칫дϣϣҪͻؼҶֶֶŮͷڴһ°ʱܣ˼һල飬ʶ˶࣬ȻԭԵ⣬ù졣
ֽϱָܻ߿Ϣ˶ˣ죬ȥ棬µĻ
ȥˤĸͷ˺óһӣǮûˣֵҲûˣһϾͻծˮʧٺûлعңŶûдһżˮĸ޶Ｗһȥ֧Ԯһ£Ĵ壬Ƕɾ
һڸŽʹ󹷻췹ԣҪͻؼҳԣҲͼҪǮǣҲûаĥ˵Ǻġ
ӣòŵյıָָֽͷııдŸУָоʲô¶硣
һԺǵȻ϶űֽоģʱûɶϵ
ʮ죬һָ߿ϢȫһƬڡ
ڼ壬򳡵Ĵȹ㲥Ϣģ˰գֽҲ϶
ֹ֪Ǳ棬ӯü˸УֲԸ򵱱˶ʼ˺У֪ǻسǵϣǹµĳ·
ָ߿Ϣͬˮע͹½ÿ˶εеϣ
Ϣɢ󣬸һ뷨ɩǲ٣Ϲɨäγ̵ǼɩǣǷҲҪμӿԣҲ˱ſЦ̬ҪСȥμӿԵĻ˵͵Ʋ»һҺˣ˲ڼãʱҲ֪Сô졣
˭ȥʣĶҡͷ˵Լˮƽμӡ
ţ˲ţպʮһҪˣӺö˳е˶뱨μأҶſǷҲȥԡ
֣ӵûлɽĵĻС˿ܲȫ˵滰Ҳм˵ٻֻ˾ÿϧ
֣ӴǰϼһȥֵѾͷרŷ̵ŮŮʱĴѧÿÿȥѧʱһװ˿ۣһҸϽȥ˶԰ûϢֻҪһ֣ӶҪ˵һ䣬ǸСǷһŶ
Сǰǻ˼ҵС˵ѧһ̥أ治ȥ֣̫ϵˣʡԹӣǶضˡ
ӣûôӣҺͻһҶ˵£Ǿڲʱ򡣡Ķ֣гģȷʵʱ򣬱˵һ᲻Ҳ᲻ü
һҲмƣﶼüﰵĵ¶ֲţôʮˣϽڲˣ
صңϼһĩʼؽѣȻһһȶڲ˴£˼һΪ߿׼ǼѾ׼ʲôˡ


145 
һĸ߿, ǲģǧ, ֻһ, ǾǳԽʱĽ, ϵĽȱ, ǸҵĽеЩ㼯һ𣬾ǶδĽš
ʦ͸ö˱Щֻ˳Уʶü, ֶдҲȥ, ߿Ǹ֯ҾһȺɳ㣬ͻȻҵ˳ڣӿŸ߿ǰ, ͼͨʽΪԼһע, һһδ
ĶһЩθݣÿҹﶼ, Ƿź˵˵, ˺, ֻǹⴵ粻ѩĵһѩʮһ³, һ¾Ǻü, ѩˮһ, ·ʪŢԶǰããѩƽԭϵıŰһ·ͨ裬Դۣԣ˲߳ȥ
Ĺ£ͷƤñ֣һ¥ţٴӲóľŵУתţˣڱﶼ䣬˽ͺӣ϶ԼһĶֵ
һЦԼ֯˸ǣԼصңϺüëҲϸѩҹҪ׾ƣϲܳůù
ѩµ̫󣬴СʱͣΣȥϿΣҵĿγһûһģǰĸҰˣڼǲϡ
߿ݱڽУҲڼҪļǶ˵ϣƿĿЩһЩ겻Ķɣĺ߿ʱһйʱµĿĿѧдϤʣ濼ĵˡ
Ѿ겻οûйȥ£͹ˡ
͸ﶼûпȥﲻ㣬ϵĳ˼ͳڼӵĹʲظͶп߿ŵ죬ͳﱨĿȥϿԣ첻ͳλﱾˣ֪źҪԵ˵㵽վȳüȥ
Ǻö³ٵ³Щһ͵˷ˣŴסϣϵĹӪͷƴ˼ŵӣ˯ʮ䣬ʮ˼һ𣬸£ɪɪڶ˦ű飬ȥԡ
֪ԣñҲСˣοʹɩڣż͵籨û˵Ļ
߿ǼգĻУҶɵطŵ˽Ųھ֮䴮ŵĶˣ·𿼳˼һ㡣
Ҳ֪ʲôǸ߿Ҳ֪һĸ߿ζʲô֪ÿ˶ʲô֪׶οһҪĿԣҦôˣᵽ¶ظͰ˵˺üأ֮Ա
ûĽͣش󣬽󣬵ǳȻᶮ͸ɴ಻ˡ
գãĴֱҪ˸ܣﴰŷȫ©磬ֽżÿ˶ϣӷñ죬Ѱǵȳɼʱ䣬ļǵʱر̣ȫͳһҪ־Ը
˸籨оôΣ׼ѧУרҵ
ܿ˵籨˵ԼûӦ֣϶ܿϣͺڿǰȥһǣ˶ϲǸУǺһᵽȫ̻ͽǮζ˶ǷҪѧУĩˣΣ뱨ĸѧУ
յĵĵ籨ǰֻãС簾ͷˣʮþȣ˵϶ϡֻɿһ䣬Σе
һֱûͽ˵Լû飬ֱ˾˵ҲС
дſ϶籨һܵҲûʡǵǮͷʮҵķչƣƣҵҵزý壬ɴ˼οרҵԺУԸԼʵֱѧУרҵԼĵ籨д˷һ˵ԼֻȼָԼûбԡ
СоٵרҵöƺûֻһЩͳĳƺͼҲܶԵϣҪʲôרҵ׵ģɿͷȴһͷˮôҲ벻Сһֱ飬ú׼߿飬Լȴûȥԡ
һʱ䣬һֿڽһ飬ǻһҲ鿼ѧǻҲС뿪Сþõ֪ʶι̵˲ұֻʦͷʲô涨üμӣ
򣬽ͷҲ𰸣ֱͷ޲Ͼ͵Сǰȥø𰸣ǷʲôѵĿԣܸṩʲôæ
дһţӼּӼĸЩܻСΪʲôȥο֪֪ǶѵõĻᣬǻָ˸߿ҿڣȿֺǰӿ˭Ҳ֪껹ûлٿһָֻǻָһ꣬߸ٿأȷôôôȥСǰԼǰ;һ£ǽ˻飬ĸ飬Ҳ鿪Ц
ֺܵģҸĸʹɩĵǴȾѵǸһһί谭ĻǾ͵ðŮӻؼˣϴѧѵãٲҲȥԣԣһ˲ĵһһؼĹȥ
ʱżټǮżҲʮܵ
Ļ˽ĵ籨ûٻظΪѾˣûٹܣæŶ͹¡
ڸ߿£ö˶̸ۣǽ˵۶ֻϹ£ֻܵȡ
ҪŲӵĹҦ϶ҪȥҦһˣϾԼĶӣ˺ͳǷģҹշתʱҲΪӵģϴѧǴ飬ްܿץᣬǾһܴ
߿壬ʱ˵𿼳ϵˡ
̫ˣеڿͶˣղסʣÿ޳һѣᡣ
˿Եʱ̫ţʮ˲ΪͷѩŴţһԿȫζ˻ͷȥˡ
һĿʮ꣬ʹѾʮǼӵĸĸˣÿ˶ץסһ⡣
ʱҲ˳̷ƵϢָ߿Ϣ󣬴̫ǰϦˣڷҽԺһͰ͵ŮӤӪϣƫСʱ˳
̷˸˰æźӣûӾȥ˿̫һĿιȥˣȱƣſĿû÷֣ƽûϣˣ˵ǿϧ
էһϢһ£̷ƣǸӣһŻسС֪࣡
̷֪ԼһյĿԣֿιȥûԹᣬҲûˮԱ߿ޣɷ޴룬ûչ˹СӤ˳⣬ñ̵ĲǶ˼̣ȣСŮӤŻ
ʵŪˣ˵Щ룬С֪Ҳ̫ˡ
ʮµʱѩԽԽ󣬺һҰϣ̤ȥͷ쳣ðܰγ˵ɽϵڡرÿһ￼ԣȽȵշεԼɽȥˡ
ѾԼһȦдСеҲеƤģûǲȥĵطǧǽܲܵӱߵɽȥӱߵĿҪûʵ˵ȥ̲ˣɽżҰɽ¶ǵܵЩطû˿ţܹΣա
ʵԱӭѩ͵ϵġ
֮ǰΪҪ˵ϴѧ飬Сʲݵּдҳֽȫڲ²Ϊβȥǲǻһ谭ÿһ仰ڵǷòá
ţֻý̫ˣʻţգ˵żҲˣǸĸǴɩúһбҵΪʲôȥμӿԣѵв˵Ŀԣڴѧ󣬱ҵ룬ﶼгԷı¡
طͨ˼ҳһǾļͥҪѧƣűصġ
ԶޣǾ飬Ǳһ۸ˣһж˵Ϣͨ˵Ĳ²ԽԽأҪŮ۸ھͱϣܲɻ飬ðýӻ
Ŷ꼸ţŷĴƺΪˡ
߿ʱһغȫҵĴ£ҸĸǺܿŮģۺǷ飬ڽĸﶼǵĺӣС飬Ǿͻģ̲סҪעͷĽѡûǰͽֵý˷¡
Ϊ˴ĸ͸ɩǵĵͷæ˸籨죬ǽԼľû׼ֹͻһҵĻҲû⣬ǵûȥѣǲعֵġ
ýľǣûգ˵籨ֻһ仰ŭ֮ԾȻֽϣСãʵ̫ʧˣ


146 
ôҲû뵽˵ķӦô, ô꣬Ϊݼ˶Դɫ, , ֪Ҫӵʱ, ĸ׽һҲǽˡ
յ籨, ĵĵһӦżͣܵǽԼĴ㣬ȼ֮󣬹һЩ, Ƕĳ, ѾԼļͥⱾ͸飬Ϊ˸˭, ΪμҪ棬˵˭˭ʧܵĻ
յ籨, һ춼ûڼ¥ҡϣۿͷѩ, һ, ɢڵ, ǽһƬͬͷһ, ˵
һһ, , תͷϵĵ籨ż֪ԭί§ڻȳԵ㶫һٲԾͶûš
ȴ־ýʵ̫ݽģһ飬һӦű˵ԭ򣬴δ룬ǿ֧һίûбݻ˵ҲǱҪ˵öࡣ
վ¥
˵˼֣ĶԽĵ籨һ磬ԼڳȶʱֿʼʡԼмΪһ˼ķԼëַˡ
տʼ壬һʵ԰͵ϾɵĴĽԼҵķӣ˴Ǯ಻ҪԺ飬ָָ㣬ܺ󱬷ԼĴŵ̬һձһУӡ
ҲǣԼѧУѧһרҵܣ֪δԼ飬֪Լ¾ȥԣа취ϸѧУȻ᲻ûһҺͺǸأֺγһְΪǣƫƫԴԽмӰ죬˼ΪǴӽĵĽǶȳȴûпǹľء
ο漸ʮ꣬ĻƸ˼ҵʵ⼸Ĵѧ޸ġƶ⼸ҵĴѧλԺ漸˵Ӱ켫󣬽ԼѵĲ뵽ⳡʱȥ
ĶסˣҰĺҲѣ鲻ġ
һݹⷢһȣѡ
⽭Ҹĸ͵ûԼӣķңһͷֺãûиȶ룬ǲøĸֳǲĵҹﶼ˯
ԷʱͻˣдţԼĴ㣬ѩʵԱʮһΣܲʱżĳȥһֱü޶˴͵ǡ
˯ǰһҺ˵£ĺܳϿҵ˵ԼĴ㣬ֻǽ겻οһֱȥ
һҺͬһ̺ůůţʣҪһ𣿡ҲΪԼ壬ǲ뽭뿪ڴҶδйǣŲ¾
һҵˣȥѧӲ۸˭Ǽͥ˵һܴı䶯οطޣͨ棬ֻ
ı˵ԼžͺãǼͥĹֵͬͷˡ
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пֿʼ־Ըĵȵżⷢ˵籨ȥʱ硣
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ҦķͣҲûϣֻûҦϴǰϵĴѧǾͷ¼ȡ䣬׼ٿⷢ籨ؼң˵ؼˣҪúøϰҦ˼ȥһˡ
ϣ˺ͽĻǰ͵˽ĵϣȻǲ⽭ûȥμӿԣڻһŮϿҵĽͣŮĹҲʾ⣬ֻһȻһȶʱֿ꣬Ҳȥѧ顣
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Ϊʲôѡѧרҵ˵ϵĺ棬֪ôתģ˵ѧ˼˼룬ԽʶһУȥ
СãİɣҲһֱ˼һжȥѧУʹˣѧУʦ˵ѧǿԿרҵΣһԼڴѧСãʹ˸ʣǳ˿ǽŵĽβ
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һжٵ״̬³ʡ֪飬湦ݴʦְҦһæµҦ˼λסڻһҼдҵ֣ʹ÷棬Źꡣ
Ϧ糿1977һѩԼд˶ϣȥʦ֯Ϻֽѧ˼򵥵ļֽŵա
һɱ⣬ڳҲæͣǴܽܳżһ𣬵ǻϲعա
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Ҧ˼ЦСڳñҦϸߣͷأһСԺʶʱʲô춼ˣô˻ͻС졣
ʰ꣬һҺͽĴӵȥţսѺھ˵һЩַһЩϲġ
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ϻصңһʽģµһ꣬ʲôԸ
룬˵ϣ˶һƽֲϣܾѹ鶨ǲĲ²͵ȴ
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칫ֱĹԱĵ, Ҳ˼廧, ʽԱܶ࣬¿Ƶ˰ҳǩָ£Ҳû, ˮһ˳
֮ǰͬµ칫, ҵͬ£кü˵ҪܶģǰʱҲһ, Цӭ, û뵽Сһ, ʡõѧУ
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ǽů̵һʱ䣬Ǿͬ£Ͳ¥ھӣǴǰͬѧһɫûʲôɼºЦֵˡ
һһлЩͬ£ʰԼĸƷ쵼һЩߵýͬµӪԷ˾ƣǹˡ
ʯֺͳ¸ַ˵СʱǻӪĶӡںˣǹҽĴѧ
¸ַһɵģŽʯ־ƣ⼸껹ǶʯֵӦ쵼ȻСôϽǾ￼õĴѧˣ
ʯֺͳ¸ַʱǼǰǸģʾҲıɫ쵼ƣлǵĹգǳ´磬ȻһʼŻһҵӣͷʵշʺͺȾƵơ
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⻹ǵһ ֿ˵е˸Уҹ˾һˣҺû˿ڶû¡
ȥѧУǽĸʹȥģɩڼչӣ߲
ǼҶҪý̤żˣɽֻҡͷܾûе̸ĵزοѧûϣﳤδ̤һһбʣ浢˼ŮӶ಻á
ڼյżӴ˸ţҪµĵַˣܳͷ˭ˡ
һŸĸУſڵĺգ˵ǰ²ɣҵļһȴЦʮֿдСãǰ룬ʡôõĵطͺˣû뵽һʵˡҷģһգκκõطҶܴȥСãһգڴһ˶Ҫ
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̷ûпϣΪкӣѻޣӾ˸Ŷķ
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ƽʱҶЦ̷ƵɷһЩ£һǸ֪࣬һٽӶͶʮкȲϣ˭Ҳ֪Ǹ˹ĵ˾Ѹ߸ӵĳ̷ƴһϳ˸Ʒһ˵Ҫȥ顣
ӵĶӳ͸ŮγȰ˵嶯飬ѿֻΪС֪ûϴѧǾ͸ˣһС֪࿼أ»ظ߿Ǽºˣⶼܵ
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ڹûþˣ̷ȴź˴֪ͣ󣬸һƱһԼѰٻɽڲûա
ǡС֪˸˿ӣ˵Ҫȥ̴ýߵĵط˵̷ӺѰҪ￪ǱҲҪ˽գ˵ǸӵθЬˡ
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ܰɣʼղΪ̷ƻѡ
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һصңŷǰȥסһһҿߣߴߴѧУͿϷʲô£ʦʲôΣһһãѽǵ㺮ߣֱסӣȻ


148 
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ͬеһСʯ, Ͷˮ, ȦƣȻƽ, Ǻ, ǰ, κ˵Ϊֹͣ
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ͷʦһתҵеǵͣе룬еͷɷһҪ㹻
ԭϻһǷ°ҲεУ͵ˣתҵϼҵ侯ӣߵʱѣһʰ˳ú䡣
ҲвŪģСˮôģʵﶼתԭϵɳСĶӳԹʳҽСܶġ
ϱ֪ɷҪרҵϼң⼸ղڼҺС֣ܳ뵽ʦȥ˷Ըϼңֻڼһڹӣ˵ļʶޣʲô͵˵ʦСܸԣҪʦ
ǰʵҦί˶˻ᣬ˵˹ź֯ԴҵزϵֳûǩҲʹ죬˽⵽Ķ̬Ҳ˵˼ϸأ̣֯Ͼÿ궼תҵȥµһ˲һ飬һְֱĵطģÿ˶иתҵȥ
ҲǴֵҦίſȥˣ˼Ѿ׶ѧûкڣҲûˡ
Ҧίû˰࣬ƣɤдɳƣĵغ˼빤ΪûܹٽŮԣɷ˾Ӧܺ˵˭֪ƢӲᣬҦίӵſڣˮ;ԱС˺üŰ˸ߣѼͷ˵ҦϸڵùǺ
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Ҳ֪֯Ǽ϶ʲôšɩҲģûйڵĹţɷֲôι̣˭֪ϼֻʲô
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ʱ˳˳ССһ٣ˮΪͷͻҵģ˵˵ǣˮܣŻġ
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׶ʼдŸģøҿٹ·ݣżͿʼٱˣûżˣһҵԼȤһǻдˮƽޣڸϴﲻɹ
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ڻңʶʣСкֶܾѣ˵дţ˿ҵźھӵĺ̵Ϸ͵͵ûһҷ¹ľñΪҪ˾һץվһ١
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һҵı䶯ú, ͽĸ˵ûٳʦ͵˼ˣȥѵ, Ϊڰ, ȥʡ, һҺȥ׶ѵ, ԭȴʦ
ǰҦϺ˵Ҳ֪ΪʲôҪȥ˶࣬ʲôϢҴкҹ, ׳ҲҪ㡣
³, ڶҦϣ湦ڹһ˶ҦΪ
һҵͷŵδ֪˷ܺ;, ؼýĸʰĵҲ, ھǵȵתˡ
Ҳ̫࣬ߵľߡһ˲, Լ, Լ촩ѵװóװ
ǰ, ˵ѧУܵ飬еͷۡ
ڻڰѾекСͷĿ˼, С, ȴ, ɼҲһӦǺͬͬѧһ㲻ʾһҽСȫЩͷˡ
ĿڻһҼͷüӵ㻹裬ôô
ǰվȻһкѪЩĺÿ춼Сܵ飬ûûأֻҪûдˣһСѪ˲Ǵ£ҳźӿ˻û˾Ͳţպܴһ棬ǲͽȥãʦˣ˻һ٣ŪýĻġ
ʦߺ󣬻Ľе㿪ֲܣֻʰ
İȥؿһ飬ûˣӺؿڣʹʹ±˴ͷֲ˵
ҡͷرסģͷϣ衣ڵǻԡ
ҲûãֻǵúԼ̲סһģ˵ý˵ΪʲôҪܣ
һ߿ţҲ˹ȥ裬һˣСˡ
ԭǺѧУϷʱˣͿʼģһĵ໰˻кûӮ˻𣬾ȻŻ¿ˮҼ㱻۸ȥһˤ˷ŵˣ˼ϴȭͷŲ˰æòأӱӳ˵Ѫʦġ
û䣡ҷſģ˫ֲһûģָȻ֣ͱҪŴӮȥֲԥöԷлֵʱ䡣
ǰСһܣһƫܣˡ  ôβܴܵĻûãǵûһҵġвС
Ҫģֲܴ󷣣ðѵ˺ǽýĿڸȥѧУֲֺҵһˡ
һôʣѹסЦԵʱӣõʱҺĶӡģȻ̵ģӰҿ㡣
ıѹסִԶٽѵܷŹ
ˡһ룬쿪ʼûСӻͦܣвУǴҪԿֻýȻԼҲð
ȥ׶֮ǰӰ˷ǸĺӳǣǵǸ
ĶýңǺӵĸĸæ飬ûʱͻһҵ鷳Ȼһ֣ȥֻһθпѡ
һҳʱǸ·ϺܿͳˣĸȥĴڣԻһҲʱѾϰˣҪִóԺĻź˵ټ
صѵǹеҲӿγеһĿȥǸʦǰģöʶսѣİҦ²⣬׳᲻ῼǰɻԭء
𳵡ء쵽վӣһٽӷϴһҼ˲ˣſʼϿѵʮ춼ûм׳ߵˣֻϢգԼųȥԷ
׳ѵڼңڰѻһ쵽Լ״鷿͹ųȥˡ
׳أŻɫɽװЦʱɫأˣҲһֻҰԵıӣһҳһ統Сһ
һңˣ׳һЦչȷʵǵձ֮˵ľòˣ˵ˣټĻᣬ㿴ⲻ𣿡
ǣһ£׳ֱǰ˫ַϥϣؾء
ؾ˼˵˶ֵΪչˡ׳˵ȴֶλߵͷ˵˼һûҽӻţ˵װ
䲻ףܸӣ˵һֻǵͷ
ǰӼ޳ˣ㣬˵ҪȥԼô˵׳۾һУȦϣʮģ𸴡
һҲźۼһ¿ˮ˵ƾš
ǣ㰡㡣׳ùɽıӺȿڲ裬˵ȥˡĵܿһңϾȥ꣬ҲҿϵϷǣһȶٻԭʦ
ǣһվ־
׳ѹ֣£һſڣ³иڲˣ˾ˡ³иֻ仰
һ΢еһĺɲ֡
ʦ³ҳԶٷڴ£㡣˵ˣ׳վһæվԱߣһңǾ仰һǰ;ҪԼȥȡ
һһصͷǽĻҪȷԼĶ顣
׳һ˳Թ˼𣬻һûóͣԼѵȥˣ滹ѵڣڼûκεҲûκˣѵ˸ѵĽƣ˽Ʒ֤飬ͻؼˡ
Ҧϼ칫ң£á
һңҪ˵ټʱˣҦϿɫҲ֪䶯͵Ҫˡ
ǡһҵͷ
ʵ׳ԲԺ˵ڴ棬óڽԷ׿ڸţҲһԴ³ʦ̬ȣûһľ
ҦϺͻһҲû³и·¾䶨ˡ
ҼǵýҲϡһ˵³иĳӡ
ȥϾˣǰ顣ҦС˵ģСŽһȥˣ³ʼշżˣȴҦϡ
ϧˡһֻ˵Ϊͽܼ棬ʶʶ
ȥɡҦƺЩϷ˷ļûʲô˵ġ
һվҪߣҦϺסԭЩֵ¶һЦݣһңҾ׳˵öԣҲ̫˸Улټġ
һҲЦͷ˵ǣתİ칫ҡ
Ҧ˵껰ȥΰų㱨ѵ£Ϻ󣬻һؼңһ·ϣżһУƽżмйûȥϰļǾһ˵С¿ˣкǵããԭҰϣ紵ݶ̫գԶѩɽƽبţǧδ仯
׼뿪⼸£ǲסվҪûںС
ڼæŰԺĲ˵һ̫˶ңȫûһҵľɾװ±̫ɹڣһһϵĳͷϴϴţϿ·보ǰףҶԣţպÿͳһݳ޵ĵ
ȣһҳ裬Է˵
֪٣һʽģָģһӣҰףǰģһ΢ֲڵѹѹǿ룬Ҫۼѹȥһ㡣
ۣԼ֣һ¡
Ϻܴ˵Ǿĸط
һȴЩţͷ죺ԺҪҪ̧õֵЩңˡֳӡ
ôˣĿһֻȥգ۾סͷеǡ
ҵĵºҪϾһ˵˸е֣ǡ
ط찡Ȼ⻰˵ģʼûаԼԽܺг룬ʱûУһп⡣
һֱǶ𣿡ʣʵӦǱߵķɰݣ̫ʪȣ׳ӡ
ǣԤꡣһҡͷ׳İ˵˳·š
ʮ࣬һ˵̫硣
ﶼáǣѾȽԤú̫ˣԭΪᵽһЩͨƫԶطȥһһС
ǾͿʼնҵѧϵҲҪʼˡһҿٰѳ꣬Լվȥϴ룬źͷҪæµ顣
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150 
һҵĵ, ҦϺ͸湦ѹţŸ̺, ҪߵǼʽ
ĵ, ųְ, ְֱ, ֮⣬ԱҲԣʱļҦϺͻһҶЩţ׳, Ϊͷ, ҶŷԸĸ棬ĲɼȷʵԻһƫġ
Ҧ, ˵Щûеľˮƽ, ְҲ֮֮֡ϼžͺá, ¹, ͵ջ, ضҪԼ汾¸ܷڡ
һǼűĸļ, ˵, һס
ϢǱѹס, 뿪ŷʱѹɵĳԾͻøǿңҷӦһռϷ磬οְֲռǵ
˶֪ӪСһҪˣö˼Ҷǣ󻹻᲻ǵü壬ҴͷȻǵãһתͷ֪ܵȥˡ
ʵԻһҴ׶ľͿʼżƻôʰֻǻһ˵Ҫţû˵ȥ⼸գþ߶͵߰˰ˣڼҲͣӦɩͱ
ż𽥱գȥѧһϰֻ࣬һ˵ʱ򣬽ĸЩԼļҾߣùĺۼʱһʵĻУվҪ뿪ˣԭΪٵôʮصģû뵽䶯졣
ͻһ»ļңͻһͬĥദļңҲһĿļҡ
ңһУһĿĸֺۼ¥¥£ҳӯһҪüʱ䣬Ҫңա
һ¥ߵûĨȥߵǻһҵģͻҵ£ÿһͳ߼ףԱ߻ˮʻĹǳǳǦ߶Ǻۼ
ӻһҵʵҲߣ޶ҹܵĴҪ࣬ƺͨ´棬Էȷʵʵ
һ£һ𣬱۾˵
ҿıд˺ü˵֣·ĻҪ𣿡ĸһնʱ򣬿д·߼ƻԭҪԶһЩ
šһ¾һһôڵϵëָŽ˼ڣʱԣһӷ棬սѣٴӻס졣ҲҪ˰ɣ
ԣʮͷżˡϽʵļ⣬ֵòǰȥһ᲻뿪
Ҫȥµطˡһںڰ˵
Ầ𣿡ĵķ䶼ϸ΢ĺͷͷ
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һͺãﶼСǰĽĺһԹ̶ķһִֹľҾ͸мҵİĴ䶯ɷӣֲ̬ͬˣĶҾĶ
ͥɣտʼĲȷأʱգʱ˵ǻһҸ˽һңǽûһҵˣమܳɾͶԷ
һֱͶҲвæģʵʰУһڴССˣõķӣӻָ˭ס
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Ҿ뵽һܣһҼߣɴƱسˮء
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ҽ͹󣬾ȥѾĵ粽еӣҽܵӰ˵Щ͡
ʮǰƼһдʱҽƯѧڱ˸СũļŦԼɶӺݴΪسҪƻۻߣǸҲļ´㣬ĵõϣ;۵ɻȥ
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ҽ²е¶ǹڴ
С˵ôСһһ϶ûСֱ˸ƣҽҩӲСشίкæЩƽ𻻳㣬ϴߵġ
СˣôЩ꣬˵Ƥӵ£ƽ࣬ԲϷʱû¶š
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ҽһƵкܶ࣬˿ӣö˶취æܡ
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