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С˵ʱ򣬸ֹһ룬Լĩֻܵ
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ţȻ˻ϡ
ȵɥʬھ̫ˣ
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Ľֻ֣һºѡ
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ͻȻ֣Լûб죬Լķӱˣ
ǰtips
1.ǵcpǷŶ࣬ɣ껡
2.ǰ17ƫʵ18ΪתƫܰµĻǴܣֲٴܣ
3.Ǿ֮ܶ󣬲ٸ˶ġǵƽֻûϣʱ򣬴ƽΪӱ죬Լ״ӿ֣ϣԿʼ
4.һЩ׷²۵۸ˡ󲿷۶ܿɰƣллǵĹǸ
ݱǩ   ĩ
ؼ֣ǣ  ǣɣ  
һ仰飺ĩҼҷӱ
⣺ÿһ졣


1 
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TѾʪڱϣӦȥϴ衣
ڸյ£˵ôȣɻȣͦġ
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ϴʱϲ裬죬ˮܴ
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Ӻܹԣöԭ˵ԭزˡ
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ӦǷ˵ġ̻ϰ꣬ʱվԭ˵ķ˼ǿԭܵҲû׷֪Ҫ˻֪ԼˣԶԶĿ뿪
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ЩͰѹӱؼҡ
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֪˻ǲңſѹɥʬ˵ԴͷǹǷ죬ѪҺԽһء
巴θҪ֡
ֺԼһţɥʬû͸
ⲻɥʬûԼô㣬Լȴɱˡ
ֻ΢΢һᣬûжɥʬڵϣԼӳݣŷϷһǳɡ


2 
ȷʱȫŹӼơ
ӱߵúʹûƤˣҲû߹ǶѵӦò
Ͻϵ˵ҩҲ֪ûá
æ⣬򿪵ԵȡԼſڳȵļء
ΪǶõøոպãذɥʬô˹ĵһ
ôȡ棬˵״̬ӰӾԼС˵ɥʬһģһ
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ңر׸ðͻȻ͵ʱضð
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¸ˣţ΢΢Ӳذɥʬʬָ棺ī֭·ɡ
ī֭ܳȥ棬϶ġڣԸת̨ܵ䡢Զĵطţ·֪뿪Զ뿪ˡ


3 
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᲻ùӡһڼңڼҰɡһǶɱ칷ͱء
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ڵϣϴϵƣϿյֻŵ磬ųĲ߰ԼߣԱʱ绰Ϣʱ
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4 
һһĻƵ·£Կ߰ѪɥʬôŶ·ϵĳŴʱʱ鲣סһһҧȥһҽС
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5 
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СɥʬȻǱһһߵܹ
ͨԤĿ׶컨һżСɥʬ׷
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ģҳɥʬԽԽ٣Ӧ֢״࣬ԭǵˣ֮ǰ緢һֵͬɹʼӣҳ


6 
Լ˱ɥʬ˵һ¥ĴŹزϣһ¥ɥʬң½ԽԽɥʬ¥С
ʮ¥ʱûֱɥʬȺֻĲҽУ֪
ѹڻŹӺ˳ëĬ˷춯
֪Լ״̬ܲԣ
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ǰ᲻óԵļɣҲȫó·
ÿһ٣һ١
ǿ򶨵Ƿ״̬ĩʮ졣
һ죬ͻȻӦԼлûӹ
࣬һЩʳӡҲؾذѴӷŵװֲĿװȥ
ֻһۣʮˣôǸֽȻûװ
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Ϊſյѹζӻ˸ã
ڡǫ̂Ҳ28ȡ
룬ԱߵСľ壬ϵ
ǸоӴʲôӲӲĶȰ¶֮󣬸ˡ
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ŵȥֲڵĴУľǸϵɣ
ֽ䣬ֻ΢һֽΧɢŷֻֽ֣ܵĿտǣײһѻֲϣʧ
ֲĸϵѾͬĸֽһذ壬֪쵽
ججӣͻȻͭҡε˲
ֲ족ĸָˮ档
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Щֲĸ룬ɽһռ¥иֽˮ࣬¸¥ͷƤ顣
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ֻʣıߵֽΧȥüǺűֽдˡֲר䡱֣Ȼӽȥ˼˼ϸӡ
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֣泤õģԭǿ׳ӻССܡ
ĸ׳ҶҲǰ˺ܶ࣬һƬô㳤һ
⣬ܵĸֱܹͷ
ȥʱ·
һûùֽøʱҲûзӦ
ʳװڸϣͻͷųһ㵭ɫʡɫǳϸ
ܹϢܽգԼϵһ֡
ͻȻãԼһֻֻԵĶһҧ
˵Աߵĵשû飬ѡֽ䣬άƽȵıӡ
档ĩѹҲл˺ܶࡣ
ϵõ⣬ϻܡ
Ϊ¥ɥʬԽԽˡ֮ǰɥʬ¥﷢ʹ˼䷿ӵľ룬ǿŵŵϢ
Ӭó࣬ʼ޿ײذΧźʹ


7 
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еĳӻ˳Ȼܵͳ̻ܵڣòÿɱɨͿ¼
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ˮһûãÿ춼ˮͷĸɾˮ
¶ʮ賿㣬һ̶Ϣʾ𣬽ţÿһ豸˸ָʾ
͵ֻҳ浯شϢ
ԭ£ݻָ
ŻƶӪ̣ͬʱͣĩٵϢĻءĹ㲥Ƶ
ֻüһͼյ˸豸ͨʾ
һĲֻһ׿һƻһֽ顢һֻܴ绰ķǱû
ΪԷһе豸ά״̬һźţ豸̷Ӧ
ǱûҪһ˰չصʱõġ
ʱֻԺͻİӣκ罻ֻػֻͨǱûϵ
֪ģֻ׵ˡ
ʱֻͬʱ𣬸˲𷭸ǻ嵽ҹţֵ
ιеطŵ
ǱһϤĿҵŮŶŮ㻹ţ
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ϽԼ˵һ£ˮãҲ
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һֻŵĵ绰Ҳᣬ绰һӡ
ڵʱáѾС̡һǰµ·ϡ
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һֱϲǸϲѵС̸ʱһ㲻ѹֻźС̰ȫ
ΨһǣѾʮˣССĲܶ࣬ƽʱÿܶȥҽԺڴ롣
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ô̴ۣܱϣҺ֣ʮˣôȲˣˣǻɺܶ࣡
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㣬ô죿һڣҲ˲㣬ǲ㡭ܱ˵ţֿʼ
ɺù绰Щ׺ݣҪЩеûġúûţһҪӣ
ظļϵһ٣Ҫңھʹʮ¥ȥ
绰ͷ˲ŮǱ˴˳ӵĵˡ
ãԼѸĸȱŴĸ飬һʵۣϰһԾִ
豯ۣȴǿǻۣʱϰָϡ
ϰִֹȴҲҧΪһĿ֡
̳˵ı۹ִûѧҺͼ֡
Ǹͷβķ
˲ҪҲ۱ˡ
ˡָԼļˡ
߶סĬãѹסɬƳţǣ㰲ڼҡҪԼʳܶһͶһ˵ͼҲˡСҲסһ٣ԺҪʱҲܹ
ʲôʱ򣬶Ҫϣ


8 
һˣô˱ɥʬ£һ죬˵΢һ˶
ŮҪúõġ
һ
ܱ˵˵ţѾ
֪⼸ˡ
Ҳ֪ⲻܡ
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˺ܾá
ֻţһ죬һ߲ͣϵϣشӡ
ڣǵ˶ʱ
ͨʱ䣬53ӣܳȴһգ۾͹ˡ
ѹغֻ
Ǳû³ϵ硣ƽĵͼ洢ǰHе·ߣԼѻص·ߡ
ǿоһ»·ˡ
صĽҪиأкܷ硣
Cܱ߶ɽˮˮԴûдƬƬƽĸأҳ̫ʱ٣ò̫ܰ壬õĻǻˮ磬ΪΧͣ磬ôǻؽѡַ
أһٹһٹƽʱ񿪳ܵǹȥ£˶ʮ춼ûԼߣôԶȥ
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ι̨ͻȻ16-1ģѿյˣɥʬ
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һ˲·׳˶ʧ⣬16¥ĸ߿صȥ
Щţȴֶϸǿ־ȴ
һ˲Ǳͨ˸ѸݵķӦٶȣס֡
ָûջȥצһ븶ĹѪ
ָ׼Ѿ븶Ĺͷ㱼иֽĦʯϵ
͵һײι˺Ѵλֱ۵ڴ⣬ѪģѪҺ˳ֱϣִӸ߸ߵ¥ҵ档
ણડ
һɳ۶һѪۣĩֵѪΪһ塣
ѪⲻöģһЦ¶һڻ
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ʹУŷûдЬ
ĽҲһӵзⳤָף׾ٵصǽϡ
ǿ̾ʹһľ壬ʹͷ
žһľѳ룬ë̻˵ȴû谭ϴĶ
ȥôӡǴڻ̳ߵĽ
һѪվϴ⣬һŽڡ


9 
ֱۼѾȫץƴ̴شڵϡ
ΪԼһ֣û뵽ߵķӦǿôࡣ
дˣ
ԱҪȥĴӡ
˼״ȥһ⣬ѸȵԴһᣬѪ
˸ӵģӣ
һ߹ȥиعǡ
ڻ̳ߡ
һΣعѵǴġ
ۻؿÿһ·йǴڴΧ
һѪûҵߴϮ
ͷץסǽײ
ˣ̨ײ
ȥץ˵ֱȶԷһأô
Ŀڱϥǹһ۵ʵ̲ס塣
ӽʮŬٵ֨ѽ죬ȴзֺͣ١
Ϊ˭קŸͷǿȸͷԼߣԸסĸӣǲǿ״ˣߣӾ죡
ͷһڣ°ͣĻͦÿ쿪յӶûյյĿյ
ˣ
ͷٴؿڵϡ
־壬ֻʹĶʹ
ӵĽǿۡ
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𾭳ˢһЩţ뵽賿ݻָͨѶûᵽܡ
ǲ֪ܣǲᡣ
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Զ֪Ƕ
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ZFѾߣͨ˶кģԲŰ޵ʱĩעʳסз棬ø׳ߵøֻš
ߣ϶ࡣҲһǧҴ棬ֻһӵߡôŰپʮŸˣһ㺦£һӦʳǧ֮һΣյ
ͷϵӰľ룬Լǧ֮һˡԭ14-1סҲǧ֮һɡ
˼ͣȴͻȻع´ǣͷĵڣ̧֮һߡ
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ҧţݺҧţֱԼҲʧѪȥ
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ָŷ죬ڹ
ſˡ
ȥ˺ҧߡ
߲ƺˡ
תȥԼˡ
ǸһԼϵѪζˡ
˲䲻ٶתſߣʪ۾ĵؿˡ
һһû˷ִڵأԼˡ
ڵĿյҲ¿
ϣߵѪҺʲôǣţֲϵĵطϵȫա
һϵ̵أ˳ѪҺĺۼѣӸƹ
ɫļ͸ķӸӵߵʬȫ˰觡
ʬ忪ʼܽ⡣
ֲ·׼ȷֱ渶ѪߵѪȫԵǰ߲ڵϣӺɫֽɵ׹⣬棬̨ҡ䡢һһɢ
һЩҲ½ӵڡ
Ӳ֪ʲôǸоſĿתض˯ŵ˿
ɫĹһȦ÷ȫȾϰ׹ֻ֮ص̨ڡ
˵ĵطֹѪ⡢͹Էǳٶȳϻָ
˯Էӵһһ֪


10 
6.26賿źŶݻָҴ˽ѶϢ֪Լ̫ܵȵԮԾȡ
е˵ǳһѰϣĶĿǰء
ǶһЩ˵Ǹľ
ֻߣķݡ
˿ʼ޼ɵҽᡣԼǾܶɱͶɱ
һĶȫԼǾ
Ķˣȥһ䡣
˳۵ҴߣСܣߵůġɥʬЩҴ߶ɥʬڻҡ
򣬿ʼ
һжݵѣһ³˯
ѵʱѲ֪ϦϦ
شӵŴ򿪼ء
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Ҳתֻسǽ洭ʱʱ
ȻǳŲסײײɳߣɳϡ
ֹСʱۣ־ָ֮ǰһĻĻӿԺ
ϡͬھ
תͷֲ̨дУЩȥˮƺѾѿˡĩǰµĽۡСгá
ΨǸߣˣ
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˺õӺ·ϵѪΪһֻǴ
˺ܶ࣬˷ܵҡβͣΧת
۵ͷ֪ȥ忴ʱ䡣
ԭѾ6.30Լ졣
⼸죬漣ػָҲûԼ
ҵԼĹӣ˺װ˾ʹ˺ȱڳԹ
Ҽī֭ŽϲصĹӣϲԾЦ
ǣΪʲô
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ȥϴ˸ˮ裬¶ȡ30ȵֵʾڿյϣЩѰ
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ÿµʮţƬˮѵӡ
10ʱ㣬ʶ򿪽ɷƽֻ̨ϡ


11 
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ǺԼʵһ̫ˣ򲻵Է
˫ֻ֣βԼųᣬȻڷ򶨣װ·
֪ղԼĻ롣
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ˮ˿ϺۣѪոճˢ꣬ͷѪҺɵİ׹⣬ɢ⣬İ׹ӿ룬͹ӵˣκˡ

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һ죬ʡųµĴףҲʽ


12 
ⲻ
48ûķ棬̨ϵСҲѾ졣
ϸȥˮ׳ɳ
Щ죬õķС糤ÿ죬øߣϹ˹ʵһúСӲ
Լʳʡųԣһĸǿ
ѳʮСժԵһʣµķŽ䣬ȶʱȡ
ϣȥ߲ˮҲճ졣̨Сֵ̳ʳͿӣǾٺò
ֻϾûеףݡֲũıԭûĿǰĶǺõһ棬ûҪĴδ֪
Ѿ뱻جĥŵˡ
ҪȥҪı·
ͷɷжͷ֮ǰץƺϴɾ·ӣԿףϢ߳ȥ
ڵ¥16㣬ϻа˲㣬ÿʮ¥ݷֳ¥ݺ͸¥ݡ
Ȱѱɨһ顣
16-2룬ŵıԿҲţԱʱ֮衣
Ż˵ģֱӽȥѲӣõĶᵽſڣһ̧ؼҡ
ûлģҲû취ƻֱԹ
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ĴҶ˵һɵӣӶƺĸҪǽ

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ֱ۽סȴȷ磬תͷǽ뿪ȡ۾ϵĲһܻ16-1
·ЬȫˣڵϣԼԡ
Ҫ룬Ҫ롣
Լϴԣˮˮ棬ˢղŵĴС
ȥ࣬ӵܵ࣬񶼱ɥʬ־塣
ϴܾõ衣
ǼˮܺͷصתŵõģԸ˷ѡ
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õؤǰڵķ䡣


13 
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糤ˣڰشڻ·˯
ĻϣŸɾ³ԲԲ֣ʮֿɰ
ǰСְѻ豧
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Ŀˣ
ܣгԳźϢʱ䡣ʱ䲻ܡϰࡱ
ǣҵܣʼûıũԴȥ
תһȦӸ棬ѡһų
ûзѿƽƽ棬еӣҲȷ
Ϊ̫ԭʼСûиܵĶ
Ȼѡģһ֮
ûжĻ裬ֵ16-7᲻ػƿ
ǿ󣬸16¥ûȥġж֫кĵطӲѰһ顣
һΣҳ˺ЩԵõĶ
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Ͻ16-1Ż̨Լ17㡣
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ܿģ˵ӻҹ2021㣬ȷ⼸㶼ûɥʬΣ֮Ѷʬķ䣬ա
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ɬ촽Ϻϣ·Ҫ˵ʲôȴһʱ
ٹ˲Ͼ裬šˮƿС̫ߣﵹˮ
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ЩΡΡؽӹȭͷĽۣһҧȥ
еᣬеܹ


14 
С̫Ĭسۣ򸶶м
ȴһ
̲סһ˵ǣһʱ᳤ڹԷ
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16 
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ڣڵڶʱ۽΢˫ۡ
ߵĹ߻谵ȴ˺ʯһ۾û泯⣬ȴȻɡ
ΪιŲš
ˣʣµ롣
һЩЧԳԡ
Ѫ۵Ͽͱ飬ƺԾ׽һ£ȥ򸶶ңлл
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ҡͷȾȵңҾӦõġ
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˵Լ۲¼ôͻȻðһôǿɥʬԼȴ֪
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Ϊʲô׷㣿·ϣû𣿡ü
Ҫ˳Ϊֵڻңǰճɥʬ׷˵;ᱻɢע⡣׷һ˲ţܲ
Ϊ˾ˣרߡ˽͡
̣ܸһЩߡɥʬѶϢĩһֱСûȥ֪ʲô
Ծˡ֪ܵҪͣС˵ӰԳΪߵķҲǰС˵ӰģôһƬãȻ
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˽ɣ껣23ȸҪСһ꣬ȻղǹĩǰֻCǴѧһѧ
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˷ˣɥʬܶȴ󣬲Ⱦ졣
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ɣܻΪһ;ܣͶڴѧǿгеľ˾ˣȹĻʱڡ
ǣĩ˻ѣɣҲС
ʳȱͣˮͣ磬£ó棬ʱܱͻƵĲ;š
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ԣɥʬһϢ·ϵĺۼߣһ߻ָ۾
ɣȴʬܾòãֻӲˡ
ɵӵɥʬһطȻ룬
ÿһɥʬõϣⶰ¥пԳԡԺȵĶ
ǲǱʷùԡ
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ɣ껶ס侲ؿ㲻֪Լ𣿡

Ǹӵнǿܵɥʬ׷ͨˣֻ׷ܵˡһʱûҵңڰй۲ʱ㣬ȳԵ㡣ֻǸͨˣΪ˳ױ¶
ɣ껿򸶶һֱƽûʲôϣ̲סһ㲻˼飺ԣһֱ֪Լܣ

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¸ҵĹôеɵ
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Щ죬Ҳ۲쵽ߺ¥쳣Ҳ˸ղֲԸɥʬıԡ
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ͻȻ֣ԼһҶӣ֮ǰѪͲˡ
ڽѪҺĸ£̫塣
ͷʾ⸶
л㱵ſ˱ϡֱʧظдͻȻʮ¥ĸ߿գ͵ػ
裬Ϸɣ


21 
ɣ껲ɡԿƽڿա
ֽĹڿдɿԾ֧㡣ɣһһúܿԶ㱼Ϸɡ
ܸо˿ڶ˼ӲƬ
ȫˣԼȫǼӲĽʸС
ͷ·ԼĲѪˣǴе
ףʵ
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붮ܣ԰Լϣʹˣб԰Ҳ쵰
սʢ鲻Ըǰݵ˵ͷ

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ɣҲû룬˲ԵڵϣƤһ˯
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ƫƫ̲ס䡣
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˯ȥ´Χֲǡ
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ûʲôȴϴֲ
Ƿ׷ظǽڵĸϵʼߣֻһڸ߲Ըߡ
һգۼ䳤ĴӣʼΧŸǣһҪȸæˡȥϢˣԼܰȥϢ
ü̲ס᣺Ǿҹһɡ
С̫ûڼ
룬ͷȥӦóȥ
ƿŵ˲䣬ۣһ׷ʲô
֮ǰ󣬸16¥16-116¥䶼˸ɾ˺ܶࡣ
ϾûзӼӳ֣Чһԡ
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֣ýзǳʹúۼ
ڣۼʧˡ
ŵȵǽ棺𣿡
ƽƽǽ

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ʶ˺ҧ촽ϵƤһԼ÷ǳֵ飺16ԳԵСɥʬ죬ԳȥС𣿡
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24 
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ֱڣôŵˮʶԡ
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25 
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26 
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27 
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ǿʼоܡ


28 
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29 
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ɣ껼žѻǹָĦһ±ǹ
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ʳʼãǻ̷ʹʺΪõһ𣬺ѡ
ϵҪǰƣȴϴֹ
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˶ͥŲгߺ¥ķû˷֣ЩǿѾѹӢѾϢͦ󿪳µѹӢ


31 
ϵͻϵΪŸΨԶߣǵûϾԶսϡȿѶǰˣǷò
˶ûнʡܣî˾ߺ¥
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ⶰ¥ֲϵǸˣóǸġϵһߡŷ硱һЩˬ첻ʡʳһûݡ
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Ƶļ˴¥ߵ¥ûпߺ¥ֲﱻմ
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ϵʶܰҵһʱյһ¥ͷ
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ǳƽפĽѲӣͻȻУóԶһ򿴣ͿһȽϤĴĽߣһŮڰɽϡ
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¥16¥¶û16¥ϱյĵطգʱ˲ϡ
С̫æ꣬͸ιˮ
ˮһȶ״ָЧлȥԸע⣬ض̫֣Ҳ̫ϸҪոպܰѷϵϽȥҪڱ¶ͷ桭
ЦǻԼըġ
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ϴǰߣͻȻԼűһƬϸǵһҶƬס
м̧űҶƬҲؼǰ
ҶƬǰסԸɥʬҶƬŻϴǰһֽ׾پͱһһΡ
ϴͷҲصصϵغˣЩֲ顣
ϵҪȴоԼֱܳҶץס
һβǵܡϵûоʲôҲһȴȻԼ
ƴʱһֻצһץס⶯á
ϰͨͷţʱðҪס˫ţֻýʹܡ
ܵʹ㹻׼㹻֣ȴ̫ܷӵóֻڵص΢һ£޷Ӧˡ
ڸʲôϵŮ˻ŵƬϵϵܡ
ϵһֲֻϵգʯͷӲΧһصĲ֪ʲôֲ֦ҶֻԼһ˱ССܲ϶ˡ
ΪϵȻҪ˰æ
ߣҰըˣ
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˵ҲǰŽսѵĲ
ϵϵȻնǻϵ£˳һյ塣
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ԶԶһĻЦˡ
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ҵֲЦݽ䣬յ𣿡
ϵؿӶͻȻýһԼ˲䱻
ԭըͨĿӶһǣȻһոպùקȥСض


32 
ضǹģȴ
ԭ֦ҲáҲãֲӲġȻﲻһֱ̳ӵʹõĳ̶ȣѾֲϵŪ÷ǳɵأǴ´ࡣ
ܣĩ֮һֱбֲϴ󣬼ÿһ׶ζԷǳѸ͵ٶȵĳɳ
ղֲһߵжֲݸָʾˮǳŴﵽڵĿꡣ
ʵʹþȫ˺ߣҲò˶١ֻ֮ǰһ룬ȫ״̬¼롣
˵ʱԭӻ
ǿǵһֲҲԵ
ϴûйȴʼǲġ
ڷˡȷʵǣϵߡ߷ϵߵĳ̶ȡ
ϵӦܿ죬־ͳסϵ죬
ƺˮϵҲæ
û̳ǵ谭£ɣ껵ӵһһˡ
ˮϵӵԤеΣͷǰܿĴĸֱӱһǹͷڵϡ
ϵͷһҪסϵͬŵնϡ
Ѿˣܱضŷϵһյ
գϵ󺰣
˶Ҫˣһʲô
ϵһҧȷŻŪ̳ڵߣȻշϵȡ
ϵΪԾȣѻ
رԼΪʲôϰУҪϴĻŪĴΧϴߣ͸ϵһ
ʱѾˣԼŶɱ˷Żִģƻܶ˶˶ʡõ˶ٺô
ϴͷ꣬ȴòˡ
ͨٶˣѸҵƷЩνġĳԱǲôױ̥ģ
û뵽ûΣգںŶܳ£
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ϴðҪˡ
Ȼһ˲䣬ϵ֡
ܱյҶƬѸţѸײڶ֮ƽ˵ضʧ
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ܵٶ̫죬żǻ״̬ķϵصꡣ
ϵ֮ǰͱһڷתҪܴ߰ͷƷ
Ȼǿһ粻ûа˷ߣѡ
һһߣͷٺˡ
ڣǻǻȫȱҲѾ˼ޣĿϢ
ߺ¥ǰ棬Żϴϵ߸ը档
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ϵرһƺϵߵͷΪɶҪ֣
£ӸղһֱԭصĻϵԴһᣬûо׵һȫһߡ
ܿԴĴ£ҲʧصһߣԵڵء
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Цˡ
Ϊ˻ӦĻɿԭס֣ܵ޶һѹӢġͷЩͨѹӢȥ
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ܴܿûʹǣа+һԼȻʹ˵һֱܼĺڰŵС̫мʹͬҲزѡɣͬѧ
һϷ֣Լǿˡ
ڻ칦ʱ
22˵Ŷһ룬ʣߣֱһʮϴعӯĽߣʯʯϵߣĿǰûչ¶ֲϵߣʹܵϵߣԼѾˮϵߡ
Ҳ²ʲô϶ͷѿмʱ֣ǳûɱ̫Ҫ£
Զϴһ϶Ĵ𰸣룬ҪҲߡǣ׼ý𣿡
ÿһֲﶼڸڵ1610ҶƬ룬ȫչѹӢӦؼһѹӢķ·ףŲʴ
ЦЦַܺͶĸϣЦһգɫ䣺Ǿ
񸶶²ϴ󲢲
ǰǷϵͻϵͷ󣬵ȴ֮ϳո
ʵϴϵϵǰӣֻʰͨɥʬͲôˣմ˺Ҫ
ЩȫˣʹԼ˲ô࣬־ԼսԼܹȻԴ
ˣҲŬٵ֮ǰεòһѻˡ
ѧǵһŶӣǵַ硣
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סͱӣϴشӻϵߵʬ˺һ鲼һϡȻ˺Щס䡣
һֲѸٱϣϽнϣף

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ϴǵһǿˣ˶¶ӵԼǰ˺סϵֵܡ
һ֣ԸоܲͬǰԸֲԡϴҲ˰˳ŰҶƬ˺顣
˱ҵضһӵϵлóܡһ빰δ¡𣬰棬ֻߺ¥ŵ档
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棬ֻһܿλ÷أԼڽʱ۲ս֡
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ϴɣ껿ܹݻٽǾһԼߺ¥סִݻ٣
ȷԼ޷ռڣǺпܶųǽһȭ¥һܳȥһߺ¥

⣬ȹעϴ󣬲ߺ¥
ɣ껣ȥסϴ󡣲úԸգֻҪŷݡÿҪѻ߹⣬͹סȽˡ
ɣ껡šһǹڸߣֿȭȥˡ
ֻϵļĻЩ˼˷ǿƹϺͷѿԲסǣȴ˺ʹӲйԵĹӣҲֻǿɻˡˣûЧ˺
ֲҲڷšߵĽףȥߵĲӡһģǱϴʯϵϵǿķסȫšǱǳǿĽϵһе
ʼʩܰضζԷ˶һһûκ˱ߡ
ʹܣϲѭĹԼ״̬άܵ״̬
û취ôЩˡ
ɣ껵ˣϴ
Ľϵȥ׷ʣµļߣ


33 
ΪעߣûиȥǣϴͽϵɣһӦ˷ǳΣա
С
ıԡ
żأüͷɴ֡
ܣֲＯжԸʯϵϵֲϵסߵĶҶķקסߣм䣡
ܣɣ껴ϡɣ껴ע㣬һҪϴ󿿽ţһקס
ڶʱƽϵߵ˫֣谭Ҫɣ껻ýܼӷ
ÿһɣ͵Ϯ֮󣬶ҪǶ˵жǷٶȣɣڿպ˵ʱ䡣
ɣ˵Щ˵϶䡣ϴǸϵӦȺǿģҲԼǿսԴƽ֡
ʵǽ뽨ѷӻˣɣ껺ܿռϷġ
Ҫģǳߡ
ֲϵϵǿʯϵԶǿǰܹӰֲǣֻܷɵ󣬷Լǿ´ֲﶼȥקȥšκβˡ
ΪֲﶼǰקǱΪЩݲҪֹǽš
ȻˣǾͷҪŽ룡
ŵλñ۰׵ҶӡȻҶ棬һǱ֣Ҷڸ£Ӱںá֮͡һֱûжټɫ޺߱ΪҶֻܷܹ
Ǿ˺ϵҶƬ֮󣬾ֱſڶĸǰһȭȥ
ʱһĶͻȻ˳ƾסߵߡ
ִҶ׳˶壬ȴ˲佫˾У˺
ֲϵʹܣɶ˰סһƬҶȻʹɶ80%ڸܼӳ£ҶƵɺܴ
ֲϵȦҶڸ취ʯϵϵͲˡ
ʯϵֻʯʯͷߣԲšϣ֫ԴֱҶһӵϵֲסϢʯϵ
ϵҪʹһ㡣⡣
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˵ЩܿԱԼ͵ߡ
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գܹǿӵ
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ˮϵ߹˲ϸʲôҪߡ
ѻǹǹϥһ˲Եڵء
һӵ߹ȥģҲẦ㣬ֻһʵ顣
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ˮϵҽгֵؿ򸶶
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Ҹʹ죡
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ʵҲܲ죬ԼȻ͵Ҫʵ飬սֻȶɾûضˡ
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֪һϵȫʲôĺ
ˮϵ̣Ҫ̸۾˫ֱϣʵڰӣֱǹסƾճֵı׶ûġ
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ʼˮϵ
ˮϵǳִԽʱǳܣǿгˮϵķռ䡣
һƬƽڳĿռ䡣ʱɫıҲдŴˮ£·ʧߵᡣ
һˮڸϣԼһ£ܲ
򣬱ܿЩˮΣʼȡˮϵ
ˮϵǳ룬ܿͻһĵߡ
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ͺ͸һӴܡʹòһģһ
û֣աֱеꡣ
üͷԼ³ӯؿЩúܾ񣬺ܽһжõ״̬Ȼ͡ûˡ
ûֲԼɣܵԼһЩµʱԵԡ
ˮϵҲֻصڵϣʧȥû
ллʵˡͷתصҪȥ
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ͷĶѱûֱɱܶ˵ֱȾϵѪӦòࡣһҲпԡһ
ˮϵȴһᣬҵˣڸ˵һʩһ𣡡
ԶŵĴɱڼײֲŤתؽ
ȴֻʣˮϵߵ
ҵˡ
ܣ
̨һ壬Լµ֪
ԭľͷȻ
亹ֱðƤ
ԭڸܵܵһ죬ͲŪԼܣ
ɣ껺ֲԸϵģԼϡ


34 
Լص״ɿһ顣
ܿԴٽһ졣ͬĶܻᱻԼӰķͳ̶ǲһġ
ӰԷʱҲܵԷ״̬Ӱ졣
ڲܴ֮ǰѪҺںһѪʱǱĬϡ
ڲ֮󣬲ҪѪֻҪһճͿԴٽ˫õķ졣
ҪͶԷһ棬ǾͿͨķʽöԷ
ǰΪ꣬Էڿǻһûܵͨˡ
һˮϵ
ıͨ
ߣֻΪûԶɱ˻߹˳һܻ˾þ
ʹˣҲȥ˵ϾС쳣һ۾Ϳüģﲻ˵Ҳ͸
ˮϵͦԼʵ飬Ҳþ
Ͳˡ
֪ܡ
ֻѡҪôҪô۲ʵ飬Լǲǰᡣ
ǡĽӴоˮϵƺо˵ԤûȫʧһܿƵס
ôţ⿴ŵķ
ڵӽȫţֻǱߵĶǱߵĳ
۾΢С
ƺǸֲϵǸõоһԽԼоһ滹ֲоԺ󷽱ҵӦߵķ
þ̧ǹˮϵϣ۶ߡ
شȥſڵս֡
⻹ںʯϵֲϵ֡źѣ̶ֲֻ˶á
ȥֽսپ˳һ¸֪÷
һΣԵֲܴϵ壬û̽ûֱӰѶԷ˸ɸɾ
編Ƶؽʯϵߣֻˬַаĸо
õʯϵš黨ԱߵͬѧһڸʴҺͬøճ¯ĵġ
ѵֲϵǽ黨ŵһ߿ˡ
ϴͽϵȥٱơپԼûзӳȫǲòˣշ
ζڿ֣Ѹסǵȣֲһȫȥϴͽϵˡ
ϴͽϵѾȷһ£ǾЩֲֻڽǰʮ׵ķΧڻֻҪ뿪ʮףǾͿ԰Ѿ⡣
㣬ֲס
űߣһֻܵҶƬһֻкɣ껹Ѹٰ֮ǰߵļ˵ɣڡ
̶ʮӣɣָ̻״̬Ѿǳƣϴͽϵˡ
ŲԽԽңϵȰȫ֦Ҷס޷ļ϶д˲
ϴǰֲҶƬ֦㱼ԼһֻڲľĴ
ڣܣֲﶼæŶס·ʱתһݳߺ¥һͷǳҪĳǽһȭȥ
һصĶҶԴáܡ׼ֿ
Ȼƺƴȭµǰһ̣ͻȻתĹ˳ڵλȥ

ֲߺĶأ
ԼҲ߲ˣ
ȻǾһ
ؿ۵ûκһ㾪ţֲ֪ӺζƶϴЦϴȴÿһɵ
ʯ䣬׼ץסڵҶƬܡ
Ϊֲߵһ˲䱬ٶȺ𸶶Աһϡ
ȻֻÿһλȴȫܱܿϴϮһȭ
ȭͷڵϣˮҳһ޴ĿӶ
ȭͷҪңȴϴһĴУǴֱۡǴһƵʹУԶԲˡ
ܵӣ־ʹһֻּȭͷȫĸ
ɣѾˡҲѾӦһֱΧĹҲҧסϴֲš
Ц
ɫΪܶʱѸĶò԰ףܼľʱͻϴķ֮󣬿ʼá
ϴѸٱȴһֻԱèʶ˶
Ӻϴٽ߱ͻơ
һˡ
ʧȥܵĸоͻȻ۾
ԭƺɿصһƬģΧвΣգĩϰΪĴŸζĿøӴ̱ǡ
ʵ˴ߺ¥Ӧûߺ¥ĿΧúܶࡣϴǿڶʧܡ˲÷ǳӦ֮󣬾ͻ˲еһеʧء
Ȼ׾ôģȻȻأ֪Լʧȥܡ
̵̧ҶסϴԴת
ֻһͷˡ
ϴתգ벻ͨΪʲôһ򵥵СһƾɵĵԪ¥ΪԼ֮ء
ĿҲҪĿΪѾȲطڸʴҺʼԵ
ſڣܵĵӣϴݵЦȴʧ
ôߵʵͷܺáԼе֡
ǰǿ治ɫɱ˵
ǰǻΪսʤĳж˷ܵ
Ϊʲô16¥˳ᢵʱ˷ܡ
ΪʲôڳԵôߵʱ㡣
ϽԼսʤ˵ˣĺܺá
Ǹϣˡ
ԼᣬĩıֻǱĬظı
ϡǵãԼϲڼ￴С˵̵ʱͺ桢Ͷػ廭
Ϸú٣ֻĵʱǶ棬ԼҲմ֡
ţҲʶر𲻺õϢţ֪ˣͲȥô׷š
Ǹرϵرûж־ҲûƢˡ
Ϊʲôͱء
һֻͻȻס۾
Ҫ룬ӦȴЩƵ
ס
֮ǰʲôɣ껴ʱȴѵüᶨ
ġ硣㲢ҪΪԼĸıе̻߱Ǹֲǡ
˶٣ɣ껼Ҳҡ˯һϢһ£һжˡ
۾ס۾ҲɣĵȶȸȾȵġ
ֱ棬ɣ껵ʵ
Ҳˣҵܳ˿˫ҲֱԷܡ㲻𣿡
Է˺ܾãõԭĪͳĿʼ׹ȥ
Ȼ˵Ӧúµġ
û˵ڡ
֪
ӦúµġûС
ǰ㣬۾ͷȫɣϡ
ȣûʲôζ˵ıһǵġ
ͻȻЩЦʶɣ껵ס۾֮ǰ벻֪ĸֲġ
ǵ
ٶҲ̡ܻǸɣ껡С̫æһ֣һ߰á֮Ҫһϲ࣬ͿԺܿĺ֪ؼһɹ̫
뵽⣬ļɡ
ɣ껵ֱۣͷ۾ģԼڰ
ȥɡ
á


35 
ɣ껴16¥֮ͷ˯
һ˯ò̤ʵ˺ܶ½Σȴʲôǵá
˯ʱɣ껺ֲǣȷ
ȻֲǸʴˣЩŪǽöժһҶ̺ãɣһϣһǽĸֽᱻ縯ʴ
òǳǽĿˣҲԵ⡣
ߺ¥ſڵ¥һ·иѬǵĺۼеĵطڻȼŻ
ɣˮͰ16¥ˮȻһһذһ·Ļûˣڡ¥¥ѹӢעһ£µĻ缰ʱʾ
22ֲ߳ϵһ21ˡ
󲿷־˶û𻵵ģֱóҲû¡мڴŪˡľˣҪò͸Ķãܴɥʬȡ
ֲǱɣѹʱɵذõľֿȻһ161ϣȸ䡣
ɣ껺ֲǰһƬġսõʱѾȥ
ʱС̫ڳһˣкһȥ168Ĳϵš
ͷԱ߷
ڸоеµģ˯СʱǺۡ
һֲ֪ӺζۺãȻ˶ٸߵͿġ
ɣ껺С̫һ̲˺һ˿ʼʤ͡
˼ƮԶʶҧһ¿ӣȻһ
ˡ

ѿĿӣ΢ղô
аģֲ岻صҧһ¿ͷ
һŷ֣ԼȻô࣬ˡ
ֻҪڲϳԣС̫æֹȥһûõשͷ
ǵģשͷľ塣
С̫̫߹ˣһשͷȻҲѿһǳǳķ϶
Ȼûԭطֽ⣬ɷǳˡ
С̫ɣ껶Ӽۣ¥һԼĹС̫¡
ûúóԷٲԣ𣿡˵һ˫µĿ˵
ԹӦ¡
ɣ껿»ָЩĸ΢ɲɿü΢չ
󣬸ûɣ껴ɣԼ¥ȥչӯ
ٶȿ˺ܶ࣬ûݣΪӱøˡû¥ôɹ
һһ˼һתǵ¥ߵվһԶֱʹһתƽ̨мʮ༶̨׷·𲻴һӽԹɹ̨²㡣
ɣ껣˵Ҫ̨ϵ˷ԼϲãתȴǸ˾վԼֻάŷ˵Ķûüջȥ
úܸܽܵϵ¶ȣܵɾƽ׿ˮһϢ
Բڵشߣͷлƿ˴Ա߼¥
ɣĪЩ䡣
ϸûһһֻСһȦһֻ֡
ڷ㶣߰ɡ
ûղʲôζѾԾɵЦ
Լıеɵɤӣٹλסһ¥ˡ
ֲϵſڵλãɷѿܣڻ
˹ΪҪԼ߶ԼһЩ˵£һǹ
˭֪ȫûע⵽
ȥһ߹ι
ֲϵߣ˭ڸʲô
ޣŮ
ȴҳ
ĿͶԷԶȻ˸طʼ֡
ĩСԭֲѾˡҵЩľԼʹ
ȻΪ±ñȽϴ࣬վʵľ
Ѿɣ껰òȭͷһȭɡ
һΪܵѿߴڻԵ
˱ܵһߣܿȥһŸʵ顣
ľֱԽԽһֱӽһ׵򲻶ˣʱ֡
ɣ껰սʱ紵ߵһ׮ԼվڸԱ
ҿԻԼӳɡԵʹܣҲǻֱǿʡ
סɣ껵֣ʹܡ
ɣ껿ּӳ£ֱһ׵ڻǴ
˵ҵ״̬Իõ̶ܴȵؿԺսΪֲǵĴأҲ־á
⡣
ȻԼܸܺӣĩڰ˲ô¡˵ף֪ôȥҰ衭šС̡С¶ˡ
һأ״̬һζ״̬£Լַǳáʹܹɣ껳ʱʹܣɣҲԴʱԾ
ҪȥԶĵط⿿ǲеģҪһǿơ
ϢǳԷ˯ӶǿϣԼʱƲ˵ɣ껳ʹܿܳܲס壬Ҳõʱ
ҪҼ˺ͺѣҪȻżңһԳطӵ
ǰҵżңҪһСʱĹߴʮӵĳ⳵
ĩ٣סĵżҺľ룬ѾһСʱ̵⣬ǧԤ֪Σաɥʬ
ڣɣ껿ԷɵܣټԼأȫڳϿմ
ǲ֪ûر𳤵ıֲֻ߱
ɣڴѧǵİ۲죬ʱ˵ûеġ
ʵóԲͬı춯ֲﶼ٣ߺ¥ֲѾķˡ
ɣ껵ĻԱ߿׮̲ס̧ͦͷһ
״ЦԣǶ̡
ȻˣǸִѾ˵ǳͨˡ
Ҳþѻǹھѻǡ
ԲZFǹԲ㷢ġ
ҪǱŶأ
ܣҪ
ʵܣ߲ſֲϵߡ
ɣǲȫʧȥܡǵĻͼ档ǵĻСǺһ棬ôӦܡעⲻҪС
·ֲϵߣСѣһһһڵıɺһƿӣÿιɺͰƿˮС
ѿĵصͷĳסƹϵ
ǱѾ԰ίΣغιʳ
ƹϣ
Сִ
ֲϵô˻ᳯ䶯ȴĬĬһƬܣҶֱֱ
ֲϵߣ
ԲҴˣͻȥʬܶһһ졣


36 
ҪȥżңԽԽá
ҪҵװӵҪȥ֮һ
ĩ֮󸶶һֱûдͨ绰
Ӱ¥ڸȥżҵ·ϣ;۲¡
Ϊߺ󣬸ҲԿĵ·û·ҲȫһĨڡɥʬã϶뷢ֲзŵˡԣϽ
ҲȫûΣգϾɣҲֻǿǿпܲСľһЩδ֪ΣգȴΪ̫ûܼʱ
ۺжȻܼУǵɣæµһ磬Ϣһ죬㾫ж
ȻɣҡͷҪϢΪһβô˵ɱӦӦҪһοհ׵ĻڡڴѧѾǶʱڡ
Ժÿ϶˯ṳ́ʵܰģҲҪҪĻʱ·
ԥһ£Ȱľ˷պãپǷ
21ϵľ˿϶ɣ껣ԼҪϵˡ
ٻٶϵ˺ͨϵˣԼɣһһ룬ʣµ15ž˸ֲǡ
ֲǴֵĳǲҪֱӸǷ䡣ͼܰѾùȥʼֲǵķˡ
ѹӢõ˷ϵˣõʯϵˣԼŶϴľϵˡ
ϵ˸˹ӣˮϵ˸˷ӣϵ˸
ʣ9ָͨ˷ѡƹϡӻӡӵһϵֲ
һЩֲûзֵָָܴǡ
ףҵܿ԰ҳסҲȷ೤ʱûõ˵ĴһžôÿԼܣ϶ϴһġüһһ
ǿˣ
԰Ҫһ
԰ǰ϶һ𣿣
ԣ԰æһڣǿԴī֭ܣ԰һ˯
ģ
ûо˵ۿɼĻ衣
Ѻͻƹսվԭأסˡ
Լõ˽ΪʲôӮ˱˻ܣ

аҲȡܣ԰˯
һĹûΪֲ˴Ϊֵ˾ҪӲ̣

һʤӻɢ޲𹥻סȻô˻ѾӲͷ˵Ĳ
ͷˣ
ͷ˵ĲҶһһģæҰŪĵľˡ
ӻɹλһ仨˷ܵزڸ˿С
ϣ԰ģ
ѿЦãѺսԼ
ɣ161̨վˡ
վ˾ͺͳԷһȻԺܿ꣬Բͬʳٶǲһġ
ɣս˿ٶȺҪü졣
꣬򸶶뿴ûʲô
պˣϵֻʣǾ˻ɵϸɳ
ʲôоɣʡ
ҵǺȷص־Ҷֱ
ɣ⣬֣ܶʹһ𣿡
ǣ֣ܡһ˲䣬ɣҷɵĽͣһ룬ֻʣССĽڡ桱̵Ļ
˶һۣﶼЩ쾪ϲ
ѵ˳ÿһԵľˣɣ껵ȻھͽǸֲϵߣľԣ
Щ⶯
ϰ˵㣬̳ŵĻȡ߸أ;ڵͣһټҪڴֲϵߣĥ˵飬ƻᵢһʱ䡣
Ǿȳš
γŵĿһǴһЩܳΪĶڶϤ·ߣ˽żҺڵ¥Ƕ˵һγʱиס
ʱķɣһֱץһǳ֡ĸҵһǿƤӣźʹ
ɣùȥӱ䱡һ㣬һǰһȥûô
ʵҲø䣬˵ٽټϴһһٽе˹߻һһ㡣
ȥͬʱʹܣƤɡ
ƽȣҲɿء
һѹӢķԱ·Ƥ
ЦˣҪһǾһɡ
ǰԶƵļ豸
ڿл˼Ȧȷƽ֮ߵ¥ںҹϿոߵĵطε
ķɡ
еĶϱڲԫеĸӲҡʵѪ֫кͲ෭ĳذڵϡϢóųеÿһ䡣
ʣѧҲ𣿡
ࡣɣһ߰ոָ·ķ䣬һһָֻһԸɾĽ΢õĵطʹ档
Ըӽǣ΢õĽʵûʰСԪ¥⡣
߰ѪʰӦҪͨѪҺͲ֫ڸζϡԿһЩԸɾ򡣲ĻΧ߰
ӦҲǲֳ죬û
˲첻طСʱڵ
ҹûйյûʲô𡣸¾ɥʬߣóȻжֻóԶڸ߿Ĺ۲켸ɾĽ
ǵС¶ͨ绰ᵽڵ¥ϵͳһʱرսţ˰ɥʬԼ½½˴ȻʳĴ档
ʳǵҪôȻǲܵġǻǱѰʡ
Ʋֵܳĸڶ೤ò¥ڵһ
ƤΧǶ¥ת˼Ȧǿлۼ¥
Ƭ̣ȷͷ½㣬ɣ껲ٿؼأѵһͷһűȽϸߵľϵĲ۵λãͷ׼¥
һͷӲݹľ׼нۼſڡ
ЩǼǰżҡ
סûеݵϾ¥һ¥¶ɥʬûһˣûء
˴Ľ䵽żҵ̨⣬һЩɥʬע⡣
Ƿ紵ȥɥʬֻǹ˵ζһһԶһһ£Ժжϲ
ƤѹӢллѽ
ѹӢӷ̫СܾԼһ㣬ܰɣǺܿջ֡
䵽̨̨ͨҵţǰһôϤȴôɬ
˵С̸ɥʬˣС̡һС̸̨
ڣӦûһҵ̨ɡ
Ϥķﴩһҡ͸͸ȴŰ߰ѪĴ˻ڷɥʬ̸
΢ŵ̾æɣлл
һֱϲ̸̸ڴССѣҲΪӿ̸˲С鷳
鷳ûеģǸСëͨˡ
̶С̸˲䵹ڵûϢһ£Ϊ
Ѽ˵ȫС̸ʬϣһ㱡ȻѹӢﳤ
ǸС̸˵ɽ棬Ҳữһgɲ֪ĸֲ֡
ֲѹӢˡ
һʮƽ׵С䡣õĴȫ͵ġеʱģû׻޲á
һ鲼÷ĳ
ɣ껼״һ鲼ÿ
ûˮֻ˼һ°ѻɨ档
һǸСʱһĵļͥա
һϡ
ʰֿһѾͣڵӣʽϡ
ɣ껰Ѷϵһ
һ·ʰһ·ҳôµġ塱Խ࣬ѳһСɽ
ҿȥЦô࣬ü˲Űɡ
ɣҡͷսˣ˺ܶࡣټĸȫŪƤ䣬װĶȥõģһ·ˡ
ҲǣԼҲûö٣ʮٽĶȥҲ⡣
ǣһ˸ѰС
ٳɣ껰żҳӺ֮ǰƤϣƤøȻ֧żӹ̡
ǴһôĶض顣
ȥ;Уͣʮӣûµķֻ֣üؼ¼Ȼɣ껻ɭС


37 
ûĶܶ࣬ȻҲֺܵ͸ϵܶӴԶϢ
ӣ^-^
ųԴССÿһ壬ӸֱʡľߺССʱ򿴵ġʫסӡԶСӡ
֣һһԹÿһĶԳΪÿһûдþͳˡ
жԹһ飬С
ɣ껿򸶶᲻ỹҪȥһ¡ڼ¼ʱ𣿡
šֻϵļʱҰ˳¼һ£ҾѡĻû⣬ùܳһʱǴС
ָһѶСһָһӽȥ˰ӣǽȥһ˲ͳˡ
ָԼСʱϲһɰչʾܣ泤ڷŸ־޴żչʾܱҲǺܴܺÿġż˺ܶ࣬ȴһֱû
ãʮӡ
ɣ껿ʱ濨Ĳͬ׶εʱݣСԷӽʱӰǷǳ޴ġ֮⣬һ۲̬Ӱ졣
ӺͲǲģǱͲпյ̬ӴϲǣԱͲ﷿Ӵһӣֻ˰ӡ
̬С£ֻصĸֱʱֻˮʱʱ䳤
óֽʿʼб񣺡ЩƷںʱ䳤ҲӰءһ£ҿ¹ɡ
賿̨࣬ʼǡܽɡɣһֱԱ߿Щڡ
ҪȻȥ˯ɣ
ɣҡͷԱߣ㡣
ɣǱߵĶ䲻ܿƵغ˺졣
ɫȻܽᡣ
ɣ껿Ĳ˵ĸо
һʼֻţһеɵɵŮĩôö֪Լܡ
ס֮־ǳģ޹ʵš
ٺԼҪǳĵĵطΪȫԵĴ֣ıڡϾŶҪ
˽һļɣ껾üʹûԼҲԷǳ͵Ļȥ
ɣڼ侲ڰôƷؼ֮һʱǺ淿ӻôѡܲܳڴһƷڼ¼û뵽
ɸȴڵһʱʹֻʱȻֻǵ㼸µĹ򣬵Ҳĵһֱ˼
ӳ꣬ɢ˼ά취ʱ򣬸Ѿͨʱ˻жϡ
󣬸ɣ껲֪ô쳣Ŀ˵ۣʹԽáԽԽء̬пյܽȥʱԽ
˵꣬һǷϻĽۣҲǣԽӵӽȥʱԽá
˳Ĭض롣
ǳţѷϣǱŷ·
ǣԥſڣǷУֱӷŸϳ;
ɣͷ
͵Ŀǰ뵽ķϷҪģŴ
ʵ˫˴ǰСʱһ˯ˣȥ˯˯Ŵϡ
һ˶ãŴҶáܴ󣬺أĲٿ±пյһ״ӦĿǰϷҪġ
֮ǰһֱʱ˲һš̡̡̡̡̡

ȷˣĿС
ȥһǧٹHоȰ裬ԭһۣȻ󿪳ųۡŷȥڣҪһ·ֱŴŷĿĵطɡҲҪˣҵֱɡʲô˲÷ơ
ԽԽÿС
елͻŶӣǵľˣɣ껶һӵзܡ˵Ŵ·ˣ˳ڷɶ⡣
ڣǳߵľˣܸˣܵĿҲӾϸܲ˷ܵĵط;Բ˷ѣԭͱȽϳԣ
ûĶƤ䣬мʮأһһأȭͷԼİٷ֮ʮܡ
ڱֽдһϵݣһԵĽ
أӰ˵ĶһٽеٶÿСʱʮңÿСʱ3%ܡ
ǴŴٽôÿСʱ5%ҵܡٶȻͣ彵ͶҲǼɰʮÿСʱٶȷɣÿʮСʱ50%ܣһٹҡٶȣֻʮ졣
ϸҲٽĻÿСʱ8%ҵܡس;Ϊ˰ȫÿʱ̣ٶҲΣӵ֮ǿϻؼҵġ
۾Խ˵ԽУ
ɣ껼üɫ裬ԼüҲ̲סȾЦ⣺ȷʵС
Ϊڷתתȥ·ĵܣͨϢʱϲ䣬Ȼڶ״̬·ô˵Ҿһﶼȥ
ͷΪеķ⿪
лл㣡Ͱˣ˫ؿɣ껡
ɣü۴Цá
һҹΡ
ڶһ磬Ҳˣھȥšҵ̳֮ȥӰ裡
̫ˣͲһ溰ˣǿ¥ھʹǷɣ
ô룬Ҳȷʵôˡ
ҪǰٿһϵļأûʲôرǿߣҲûرɥʬҴǶϳҹɫѰʣȻûʱȥһһСġ
ûʲô̫Σգɥʬ߼ʹҲ򲻵
һȫɥʬû˵ĴϿգŴȿʼ㻹ң㻹ڵĻ¥̨ңҽߣ
㻹ҡ
һλţɥʬܿ춼һõΧ
ЩסҴߵĴ¥Ҳʼɧ
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Ǹ
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ظŵȹˣʵʱҿˣңң¥Ŷ¥һ¥Կĵطԣڴߵң㣡
û˵ôӣԣǿԷɣȻǷɹ
˵áǷӦӦǵͷתߡ
Ȼһͷȴɫͬһ
һ㲻ߣǼߣҪˣô죡


38 

һȻô죿һֱţ
˻Ҫ˵һһܵʲôԶ𣿡
ǸӽʮԣҲȺΪߡĩ٣Ҳһʱǿйر¥ĴţѰϵͳǵһ¥¥˷ķ
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˵ⶰ¥ڻŵˣǱˮŵġ
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ʵϰҲãҲãŵشϡ
֪ڵܾʲôжٴǲǺͺܶһк֮ܶĹĶǣǲֻǿ
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֪뵽ʲô䣺ȻûҵϣսΪ㡣

ôѣó֮⡣
ܳڱˣӦĴǷǳ֡
Ϊøһˣֻ˴ƷΪȴѹ
һеѡȨڸϡ
ǸҰܡ
оԼǵսӦµˡ
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Щ֮ǰҪʵߣʱѾ亹ʪ
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һڣ֪ʮʳﶼҵòˣʵҲ֮ιЩ޹ص˼죿
һۣϵѪȴΪ˿ڶ죬ͷ쳣



39 
ʵϰкֹܸߣǷǳݣԼҪᡣ
ϾԵú˯úãÿ¥ݶ壬ϼ࣬Ϳȥ֮ǰһƫݣһһ
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۾Ź⣬ûˮƿʵϰתֽӹˮڴڿ
Ƥ仺ƮԶ뿪ȺҴߵҰڿͣסȸš
λţֹͬѧ
ֹû˵ڵԾͽʵϰǶôС
ҲʲôˣĺѣǽģᵽĴҰҲһȥ
ҼˣҡԱλɣ껣һһסš
˵ƷҲŵù㡣ǲĻ˵ܱȺ˵ҪãȻѾ˺ܶʵϰһսĻ棬ᣬصҪκ飬ҪƻҵļңҪҼֲҪһĥսʽʱҪϣһսʱ
ʵϰһƢõˣѾҪ׼
ʵϰȷʵɫãûзҲûеɵôŰƿˮţƤŲ֪ʲô
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ʵܱ֤õģǿǵҪŷߣˮǰ£ȴΪӵ뿪һߣԻǲŵˡ
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ģҲᵷҡûеطȥĶСֹŸ˵ĻڵֻҪһڳԵģҸֵ̫£ҪҸҸ
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ȻܶǱյ£˵ǱȽȶģȴѧǻҪȶһ㡣
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Ҵ߰ΪĳҲڲΧΧҵʳԽԽ٣ҪߵĵطԽԽԶֵ°ܣҪǰʳָңȻͲɾˮȡʵû취˯Ѱʡ
Ǹ޵ˣĩôõһοˣõѣίô̲ס
ıԼ￴ĳ
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ȷʵԼԸʵҪǲͷѻƹһݾͺáҲòȥ1610ֲǶѺá
˽ɣ껵Ľ飬ʼѡ䡣
Ҫѡ163䷿161Ķ棬ǳ
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Ը⡣
ֶ徻ˣһ˿ȺˣоҪһ
ڷôԶǻǴ
ҲҪס163ֹǽ

ֹ163һסһ̫ݳˡһסడ룬ԺѻҪȥĸĸҪȥС̣ҪĻҪȥļˣָһ·Ϊ״ӵԽԽࡣ£ܽԼһռһռ䡣

˵ɣ껲Ҳס˸һ
ɣ껷ԼĶкܶѼʣ䶼Ӱ˵ĸֶҲȫá
ͬˡ
ĩһȺһҴ߶סһµģ˭Щ
ɣ껰ϴƷݹȥ163ϴ裬Ҹϴɡ
ֹá
ȥ166ϴ
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Сûͣˮ
˼ͬʳ
ɣ껵صͣˮˡֻǷûͣˮѡ
ˣ


40 
ͺֹ֪ʲôǿɣ껵״̬֪˵ҪʣҸ
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ϾҪԼ¾ԼҲ㹻˽⣬ֻǽӴһ£ǽˡ̡̡̡̡̡
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ʵҲã͸ȥˣҪصġǴֲﱣסӡ
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ɣһٶȣҪȥһǧٹhУҪ15졣
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ˣ;лҪ֪꣬ôơ
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ѾʦΪ֪ʶ䳵˶ʱ򣬳ڵҲΪάǰٶȣѹӢҲͲʩǰֻҪ䳵һǰһ϶ͺá
ֻһ⣬䳵﷿ڵƤĲֻ֣°벿֡ϰ벿ֵĸԼģܵĥ𣬷޷ԽԼķΧȥ޸طĲϡ
ʵ16¥Ҳһӿ޸ǽʹˣҲ˲ˣ޷ճϵģֻͨӴĵƶһ²Ƭ
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úǿеģҪʵ֤
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㣬һеķҲͲһһҹչ24СʱЧѾܸˡɸǺܼС
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Ѿ˽֪ԤڵһֶһСӣʱһ賴ײˣѷ˰ںú16-8Է
Ҳˣкڲͷ16-8
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ģҺͺֹһȫסֹǾϵӦǳе˿緢紦ġ
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˳ĻԻԼһѹӢƤɣ껷ɳ̨Ҫء
ſ̨̨ϳҡ֣ҲǡҪһ·˳簡


41 
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Ӹ洲һʱֻϼҵĸоʲôرУʲôȥһ
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ۺϿһ£ɣ껼ְѸ߶ȿڸײͷĸ߶ȣڴ˻ϼ֮ǰùε
ڵ䳵ȳ152˫˴Сһ㣬122ĳߴ磬߶17
165䳵վֱͷϻһЩѹӢĿռ䡣ɣ185䳵޷վֱģֻܹͷ
䳵ٶɣ껼ӸЯӰ˵Ķټٶ˴һٽ
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еˣɣ껿ǽһظһ߿档
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42 
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ӼһЩˮϳһ룬ڳһ룬֮Ҫʼˡ
ϧҧ£ԤѰŲ̫˳
˵ҪȻǾڳͿշУԥ
ٶȻһ㣬ǿδ֪ķա
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̾
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ôԽԽЩ֣
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תûʲôͷķ羰΢죬ɫƽͣţһ·ҪĶתš
תƻĺǱ
ˣҲЩ̣һߴҡ
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43 
ֵķΧûгãΪǺܿһ·ڣҪŵͼ·
Ѿϡٵʡ䳵ٱڶʮ¥ߵĸ߶ȣֻҪ׵ӷмɡ
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㣬µ׶ݻָͨѶʱڵλá
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·̫ʹ࣬渶Ҳûкһũڸ̸ʲôӡ
Ǹ֪֧ߣյͼȻԵĿĵأҲп·ΪĵŻᰴľͶ·ļ䣬ЩͼϿѲɽ·
ֵһζĵ·õ֤
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䳵ŵǰУسתһȦûпˣӵķϡ
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óԶĴһȦһ۵ĵؿϿһ˵ڸũӰ
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ʵ˵ĻЩҲȷʵף׷ǹʵԸСϰա
ũ˵һ顣ôˣҲ߰
żҲҲ˵ǲͲá
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ũ˸ϢмǳȷҪ
ȣûܵġ
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ֵأܶԭûеɵĹҲҪԴʲôúúʳӹϷ֯ȵȵȵȣһϵеĹҪ˻صɵĽ׶Ρ


44 
ɣ˵ĵطܶ࣬ͨ˵ĹҲǾ޴ġ漰ķģ൱˵ʱʮʱȻе磬йܲһ˵ĵӹ㲥ʲôģ˶ҪͶľ޴
䳵ϴϳţЬſڣŽѾѾ̺õĴһϢһ˼
ȥdлأٶ๫cеļٶ๫
ǴdлصλãҲźͳһ£µʮһµʱѾĿĵˡ
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ʱ䣬Ǳ߻ʲôı䶯޴Ԥ⡣
ֻ״̬漰Ҫͺܶ˴򽻵飬жٶЩĩ޷淶СѲ˵˭ˣ߲ǣһͶʡһ˿
ʷˡ
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䳵ĿǰĹֳ֣һ˯һſڡͬʱҲǽͷĴּҲ122ĳߴ磬ǳСŵʱ򻹺ãҪ¾ͼ㰤ҡҰ㣬ܵġ
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ң֯ԣҸղЩ嶯ҲġҪźиɵദʽи׽ĹϵǲǶ飬ҲΪұ־룬ڻ޻Զ
֪˵ϲΪʱ磬һԶΪһЩ⡢һЩû˵һЩᣬһڵġ
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˵׶Ľ׶Σˡ
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ŭΪʲôҪԼ˵ûаĶܽأ㵥ϲңˡ
ְ̲УһţжԶԶ
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ø֪ĺøУҪͺ˼롣
ҲԼϲĿǰֻϲĳڡҪиĽӴ
֪ǷֿЩֲ֣׵ġ׾鲻ķʽǽܵģҶԴǷǳɵġ
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оԼҪ˯ˡ
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ͻȻʧЦǣҵܾȻμǡ


45 
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Ϊʵ̫Լһˮܿ˯ˡ
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ƤԽԽҲת˹һȻȻ󣬲øƾͿԽ
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һҹΡ
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䳵ķˮԷǳãûˮǸЩԼɣ껾Ȼ˯ôڲѡڴҶƬˮһûҪ

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ðһ˿뷨ж·ˣǶµò㳤ǾͰЩ汾ͱϵȫˣѿõķԱߣȻһ··ͨˣǼ·


46 
ɭСλڳĵԱԵĵط·ٿһ·Ϳϸ١
䳵ţ뿪еٶȱżǱ뿪Ŀ̫ࡣ
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˷һСʱңӵ¶εľͷ
һƬѡ˵綯Ȼٶȿûл죬Աֻ֤Ҫ·ͨģͿһֱǰܡ
һ·ΪٶȺܿ죬³ɣڵĵ綯ܶ˺ļְ塣һֱעǰĳߵżԶͿԷЩʻǳԱߵĳʱܿ
һ߹۲·һ߶Ա·ƺ͵ͼߴ·ڡ
Ǿĵ㵽ʮڼ䣬ֻСʱڷɣĸСʱڸٿȻٹ
ǳģҲô˳һڵʱͿԵhС
ѡһĵطͣɥʬѹӢʴȻʼȷг̡
￪ʼӦþʹɽֵشƽԭشͼָŷеĽߣҲ߸İٹǾҪʼעܴڵˮԼܱߵҴߡ
ڴӡֽʵͼϻһ·пʱͣλã·ȽϽɽͷпܳΪˮֵʱŵġ
Ȼ⸽дССĻأһΡ
ӽߵٹ·Ϻ͸·Ѿûжˡ
ǵĳҪôִ󿨳Ѱʣ˻ͼ£Ǳɣ껲ٿؽǰա
ҪôΪԭҪתأϼҴڴСġЩ˴鷳ҪôøٶȿߣҪôߡ
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Ů˿һۣܵĶˣܲ˵ģҲͨһɽϣ˵ͨ˵ʡпڶʱʼ˳ˡ
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47 
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48 
Ψһ˼ģֻ˼Խڡ
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޶˶һۣؽӹûж˵ʲô
ӵ飬ǺԼɡ
䳵СΧһСţʵҲոպá
ˮ浴䳵Ҳһһεġ
ܱ͸ɺ뱻ϵ۹ټϷӲصƣ˶Ǽ˵ĩȻڶӳ汥֮˯ȥ
ԭĩܱ֮޶ȷʵǸסСסĺúõġ
ǵ˰·ݵʱ򣬲֪˱̰꣬ҲûõͿƣˮܿû˺ܶء
ǵıƽԭԶԶˮʱѸ׼Ʒϱгʼ
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ƽԭʱŰĺˮ޶װ󣬴ʣʳг½ĵطܡ
͸һȷʵǰµԼõ·ߵġ
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ǱرӣõĶԽԽ٣ʳҲݵø÷ùֻи취Ұ˳ԡ
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49 
ȫ˯ĸĸޱҡ
Լüʱ·ûΪκ״ͣ
Լbuff
ǸеģǺģ顣
Ժ֣صؾһַڳĳϣתܣóָϰʱĵİ׹⣬ͬʱҲαװԼʹܣð׹ӿڣȫκˡ
ĸ·ۣɣ껺ۣ֮ܵ󣬷˾õǸ
㣬ÿźҲ磬ɣתܣųڳ˯ȥ
Щ⣬ǿһ۾ӵԼƮƮȥǳԾѹӢ֪ǸԼĳΣҲֲܵΡ
κβϴ£Ժϴ˽ġ
һ˯úһĿѾʮһ㡣
û꣬ô˻Сʱ·ֿʼµʱһԱܷˮêʼû졣
ĩкöö˵¡ĩлˣɺͲܱ壬Ϊʮ׳ˣҪȥɻһ֤˶ʮˣҲǽӽ˵ͣǾͲҪˡ
ֱ磬ǿֻҪ̫ܰװڳһ˵̫ܰˣûˡ
һΣǵгܱޱشӵϼһʯͷ顣
Ϊߣٶˣ˵ֲ㣬ˡ
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ܱһۣܣгѹȥʱһӦڴͱɹɵʯͷһ¾ͻɢ֣ˡ
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˵꣬һʱĬ
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һҺҪȥͬľݵˣһ·һ·ɱɥʬͬʱɥʬıѹӢѾˡ
ЩµѹӢԸӦѹӢλãڷ;ʵʱͻɣСѹӢȫҪķգǴѹӢԽԽ࣬䳵ˡ
ʱɣ껲ʹܣѹӢóḡڿжȥ
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ʱ˵Ǹһʮˮʵǰʮġ
ĩʡԼù˵ҴߵϰߣЩʡųԣԶʮ춼ǹģû뵽ھѾûˡ
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ѾӰһ飬ɣ껺ͰڷԱԽ˵⼸
ʱصǰ
СھһھԼ˰θˡûж˳ԳźĸоˮȾµƤ䱻˺ܶࡣ
ҹ˶˾ſʼٴԼδ
һЩ᲻˾Ͳˣǿʳסǣ
ʦׯΪʮüϴ磬̲סЦ
˼ôǿˣΪɶҪôԴס˵øԼһ˺ǿǿ粻׼һ
˵ȴ·סתͷһԽڡ
΢΢ҡͷ
ׯü⣬û˵ʲô
ſھĶ̷ŮԣعͷõҪ˵㲻᲻ǶҪҪ뿪ǣ˵һͺãŪòƵġ
ŸͣߵĽʡҪǱ£¶Ҫߣǿ϶ףȻŲ׼ص˵ˣֱӾˣɶҪǸʶ
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50 
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ʶԽںׯϡǰŶߵľǺ˼ׯˣһڣ̷ŮЩ޴롣
Խڣô
ԽڳҡͷߣҲźĺڱ˹ƭߡ
ȻˣҪǱߺóԺúȵĹţҲǺһ𡭡һŮ
Ůٶߣ֮ǰ˵¡
ȻһԵ뷨һµģڱι˺˶ݸж֮󣬿ʼԼͬԼԼݵˡ
أ˵Ҫ𣿡ҲţҪ߾£ҲûǸš
嶯֮ڵһ仰˲˺ü˵ķιӡ
ǣȷʵֻҪԱˣ˶ǿп޵ͷ⻰ɴ˵ɶ˵ȫͬĸ
㲻˵һѡ˵ˣǰԼˡƲһ·Ķѣ
ǲֹһ£ϵҲеˡ
ѧģһ·һûУҪǱ㣬ˣھȻ˵ƨ
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㵱ȻǷҵģԽڣҲǷǣô˵
˳£սȼ˼
ԽڶԴ׼ûбƽȥϣҶһȵϸСĿǰ˵õѡ񡣡
߲Ҿ㣬вǷǣ
һ䣬һٶ߶ĿƵؿԽڣ·˵һ֣Ǽ̤ǵϣھ͵ˡ
Խʶ۾˸ա۾ĩѲ֪ȥˡһͨˣ߼ˮƽ̶ȣǻ𣿡
Ҫ⣡˵ûͻһ㣬ϲϡ˼ʡ
ԽЦˣûңǵͻΪصĵ綯ſز档ûҡׯϡ˷޼ֻɥ֮Ȯһڴ˼ҪҪθС㡯ʸûУ
Խں˵ػ˵кڣԽںЩǸûвͻĿռġ
һͷͻἰʱͷ
ӵ˶֪һҪͶµĻءһһĴôԽһȫ˲šԼׯԱרҵ˲ţһǴһ
ԽڳΪҪһ̶ڸȺԲҲŶӺôôŶӵǳԵġ
ײ߼ϣǱԽھ潻ֱ˵δ̫䣬ϴҾŽѰŶӡ
ٺڵʱġӵٶͨܵˣԼԼܸо˼ȴֲһû˳ȥܾԼǱԽͨԼò˹
ìһֱڣΪԭ򱻺ǿлѹ¡
ڣˣԽҲ˺һЩӲѵ˼ߵ˼ֱͱƴֽĸߵʱŭˡ
ֱӳԽһѵ
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ԭΪԼռݾϷ˲䱻ѹƣȫ÷鱻ǽϣӲص
Ϲٶ߼ѱˣѸٹȥˡ
𾪣ǾȻΪһͨ˴ͬΪߵĶѣ
Խڴһж֮Уûκξϲı顣һ侲ȴһֿģǶûеʱСһ塣˵֮ڲǰǻۺͳŻ֣ǰǲ߻֡
ȻΪΪʲô߻֮ҲԴôңͨҲƻ
ⲻȺ飬˵⡣
벻ףڵվԭ򡣡
ԽһͲѡִûûƷֱ˵ˡºһֵ춼ˣȴ˵ʲô
ʣǸȻȴûжֵѹƲٱŭһﲻ˵
߿˺ٶҪ2/3ĿԼ˳ԡ
ƾʲôģ˼ߣʳСֻʳԺԲơǾ൱ĸˣǱˡ鱻ǴˣҪԸָ2/3һҲ֡
ˣȴԽȰסˣһðɣҲڲ˼ˡȵ˸ССǼҪôǼĳԱҪôǹǿԵ͵ߣ϶Ҳӵġʱ⼸ҪҲû˻
ŶˣС㲻˵ǵסǲһãԺ涼żء
ٶ߼ð̣
ִ򲻹˵Ҳ˵Ӯֵֻһ
ܺ棺ʣµˣһ𣿡
Խҡͷ͵ˣ͵ɢﷹ
ԭгкȵӺɿ졣һȺСԺסʱ򣬻Ƥ˶ˡ
ٶߺ߼ԥоŸСδǳ䡣гкȣƣɶȱ
ȻȺ˳ܣֵúܲ죬޲ھߡۿҪˣҪ
ǻع飬ǲˡ
Խڿŵͼ·𲻾һ䣺ǰٹĵطиأҼǵصͷͷhлغϴ񣬶ߡӼԱ֡ǣҲ֪ĿǳĻأܴ졣
ׯ⼸Ѿ֪˼⡣ͬǿڶࡱֻһſ԰£Ȼٶ඼Ϻȡ
ǰĿһ£ΪġӳΣյĺҪȥطҳ·⼸Ȼǲһ·ȻǾҪҷֵ
ׯϸſһ۵ͼסһطƺãᱻ͡Ҳڵϣͺܰȫǲ֪ӻļô
Խڣ־ϸƵܵߣϴճõûġǽյǱߵĵ籨˵мܵ˳䵱ҽŶӡ
Խڲ޳ɵҡͷߣһߡͨ˻ҪҽصϴҲ̫ûʶˡͨ˵ĻͨȥǴū𣿡
һһͣ˵ص಻ǡ
ȻЩٶߺ߶ȫǴŵ㣡
ӼԱǺðߣҲἼԱ
ҽͨˣҲܺðܰ⼸ΪˮֵĲκþУ
ĻˣҲΪĩվǿʳӦôַ
Խڻûõˣˣ
ŶкֵܣʲôȥͺˣʲôͷˣôҲ䣿
ԽԽĶԽԽǰ;
׼֮󣬵ڰϣֵҹǳ˶˯ˣװ˯ٶߣʣµп͵͵·ˡ
ûпǳаͳȥ˺Զ·Լһܿĳˡ
ʣµǸߡ
ʱݿ£ɫ԰׵վǽǣ·ҪԼӰӡ
Խ˳Ÿ񿴹ȥǼӦûкһǿӲվӣǹҵʱûаǣǰǶǵԤϣǰغ˸պùԵʳû뵽˻ᱻûĳԵġӦúܶ
ͷһһ5lװͰװˮ㹻ǰǸˡȥɡ
ΪԼʲôòûȻô
ˡ
ĺˣ
С㣬Ŷϴ󣡡鼤ȻͨһȥҲˣңһλɸϴ󣡡
ܹȥȥǸذɣӦûñȽ⡣
ϵˣ˵ʲô´ͷβԽǲǼ㡢ǲǿ㣬ƲԱѹƵʱԸΪǿѹƫһ˲ڣͻ±
һ£ҵСԽڸ߲ԺúȺôſյŵԣڵײ¥¥Ҫõʱ˸ʣżԽڵ¥㣬촵磬ů·֮صĵ¥ֶȣסĵطģÿ춼ûµϣÿ춼СΨһĿ
Ȼгкƣܵ𣿡


51 
ϵ촽ضѵСûͨ𣿡
ûС
ʵһţͨ˺ϵеġͨˡһ
ҲzfҲǴƻءһʼ˵ֻסԼСҲҪͨˣҪͨߡҽյҪôãҪôϲѡˣԭûȤȥš
ϵ̱ڵϣһ㲻ʵǣǲҪɿ𣿡
վţϵЩӸµζϵܲȴֻܴϣ
ãϵεѹȸŪ̬˵ʱ򣬸Ŷƽܵ𣿼ʹʲôûֻǺúվţ㶼۸㡣
Ҳǡ
˵ЩСĺҲȥʹҲ飬ȴΪԼڲ̬㿴ѹѹȣȻԹ԰ڱﳰЩνġˡ
ϵҪ⣬ȴ֣ȷʵˡ
ȴΪһԱûеСܡײͶԾ
ȻܣĩǰӵеļܣעֻСܡ
ϵɫҰܵڵϡ
֪Լûлˡ
˿ʼؿ
Լֲϵܺ͡Ӽҿռ䡱˵֪綯ͷ϶һ䳵ȻǸġܡ
ԽͻȻǳ¡ûмȺˣȺ˶ᶯ˼Ҫһ䳵͵ߡ
Ͼ˭ô֣Ȼ¶ģ
ҿܺ͵ӡ
СĸʣˣҪôԽڡׯͷŶģҪôǶ̷ŮˡƷŵùģԼ߽еġǾܴ⡣
ѾߵļˣпܣһҪ¶ߡȺ˾޴ţ
ãǰγڰȫˡ
һ·
Ǹ֮ǰٶнôһͿԻؼҡ
Сӵаͳ֮ǰԿɿԽȥ·Σھͷɲȥ
Ҫôѡ񿪵Ҫôѡشʮصаͳǿзɡ
Ȼ̫ˣֻǰߡ
ʵɣ껵ڣҲ˺ܶࡣ·ϵӵ·ۼһʱ·ۼһʱ䣬ͿԵcС
hеcٵdУͬһ·ߡ
Ϊ˶ˣ֪֪׿ֱӴؼҷŲܵġҪĥڡȥdУҲҪһȥ
һʱ򣬸аͳϺԽĵ£ԽûdлصһЩϢ
УԽΪhлصĶԱصֻƬȻԽڵĻشϡ
֮侹Ȼͨ籨磿
ԽڵͷָָԼߵʱ˺ܶоƬָУ籨ҪõҪҲУʵھͿԽһ·Ūװ籨ҪĻʱ
ԭĩͨѶ޷ʹã籨ֲҪǲҪվͨѶʽͱ;
ڸػzfܿؽ׶εʱõ籨ͨѶ磬ʹ߽֣ٻܱ籨ĶţضʱʹضƵΣϵӦĻء
ԽŸϲɫͨ籨˽һЩϢȷܵȼ֣ԼܼǵоƬֻҪһ͸ԾֲоƬԣͿԵõߵĵȼֵ
ͷһóһ͸ˣԾˣָ𣿡
һ·˲ɥʬЩɥʬȻȫͨɥʬ
ɱɥʬشһֻǱɥʬǿôһɥʬõ͸ˡ
˼Ŀ꾧ˣ˲һʵԾ˾ӵиܵľˡӵɥʬͨͬ߳ÿһԶԣͬȼ£ɥʬ㲻ǿΪȼǵÿ죬ӵеȼѹƣһ־ͻȴõľˣÿ˶ͬԾһȫագߵܵȼ
۾΢УѸٴһ沶׽һؼϢ
ɥʬȫÿһԵľˡԼСҰյľˣǿ޲ȫġ
ӦҲԾˣ
룬ǵ籨ǼǣҪ
ǿ͹۵˽˵ʵ籨ĩعͨر
dлء
͸˵ݸ˼ʱͷȥȱһЩԳʱɣ껷ɵΧмҵĵطȥȥҡ
˼ʾУǲһЩߣȥþͺãڲѾˣЩϵĳͿԲ
˵dлصĻ⡣
Ǳߣ뾡ؼҡҿ׼лȻˣǲ֪dлǲǻʨӴ󿪿ڵĻأֻ߸ɴ಻ˣ޶ͺ˲ŷţ
ȻҪģȷŵİȫֱ֪Ӵֱҵdл˵ͺãҪ͵͵Ǳ룬Ȼҵļˡ͵
Դһ̡֪
Խ룬dлص洢ȽϷḻһʼΧǽͻغֲͨ˹ģѾһʼֻǧĶƬ˺ܶ࣬˵ѾǧĶˣر⡣õ籨ʱһֱþ˹ʳӦ̫ͨ࣬ʳhʳУԽӵ籨ǧȥ׹һʣ·Σգʱûгʲô©
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󣬱ҲĴԽڻصڵ䳵ĵԳõ磬ʼ籨ܼǡ
һسӵ·֮Խԭ򵥵ļǡ
ǵıչüͷһ߰Ѽǵݸһߵ˳˷һߣ˶Ƕסһһס֪ĿǰĽףֻһˡ
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áӹ·壬ֱӰ˼˵ܡ
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46ĽڡǺ˱ĩһЩθëʵٻһЩʲôھ׵׵⣬۾ڿԳַ֢⣬ʧߺżͷε⡣
ˣСëҪôûʲôƷϢҪôƻ⣬ǺֻܿḴ
ڸһ֮ͨԸоԼƹֲ֮˲ëȫΪ֮һ壡


52 
hлصʱûҹߣǶԷʱ򶼲ΪЩСë˷ܣԽſڽ׵ľ˺ʳȥѰҲԸ⶯
ôԽھˡԷǲмƣûСС뻵ԼҲʳǾˡ
ڣСȻЩֲ֣ϵܣҪ¶ʹáΣ԰κãֻʱģֻܹܼ죬ҲǷǳˬļ졣
Խڿ򸶶һȫȫʵҪ֤Լļֵڸȥ
˷Ѿȥ·ˣ꣬ڼһЩеĲϣӦþͿ籨Ҽڣҽ֮ǰͿ԰ѵ籨
죺·Ҫˣһ·ܵҪ𣿡
Խڵͷһ֤ҵļֵ
ллǾ鷳ˡҲ飬ԽڻҪЩض̬ĽϾӵϿЩ籨кӵģȫǵ·塣
ЩӣҲֻǹ̶ãһЩŵװá
Խڻ⣬һЩͼֳߴСݸȥɣŪĽͽƬӺҪĲϺͽѾ룬·Ҳ´ͨ˱ٴγˡ
·һǴСʣʵаͳ·Ҫһֱעվλãһֱȥ͡
һɣ껿ĵ綯ɣʻʻ綯ĳϣǷڵ䳵Ųܱ塢ɺڣԼһ籨˼ׯϡ
ϣǵһӵ·Σڸ·ԵƽϰӪկʱԽڶ˰ѵ籨˳
8㵽8ǸԼõͳһշ籨ʱ䡣ˣԵԼõƵʣܵdⷢĵ籨Ϣ
񵫿սƬսƬϤĵ籨˻ɺ붼ǳ
žȻͷ֤һ籨ʹã˵ȥ˭ţ
Ҳǰѵӡʷʵһ֤ˣ
ܱޡ
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籨ʵǷضƵʵźţͨתõӦϢ
ͷͽշԼʱƵ֮󣬾Ϳ̵ͨͬĵϢ
սľ飬ͨҵ˵зƵʣͬһƵʺܶϢȻ󾡿ϢɡҳɣǾˡ
ڲҪ룬õĶĦ˹롣һƵ﷢ԣ˭ƵԿƵϢȻҲƵظ
dз͵ϢʵҲǷضĻأԼƵϷʳϢ
ǵľкܶ࣬ףڽףĵַȥ

ܾԼи߶˴ϵεĵ籨ޱȽӵ
ԽںׯȻԴ˼ֲ֡ǰѵ籨ֵƵȻƵƵһЩϢмdСǵľкܶ࣬סˢ

ɣ껣
ܱϻżۣҲЩ޲ˡ
ҪʳǾʳȥɡԽڣαװһأ˵ԼذһѰףһڲdлأڵĻöл˱ȽϺʣ
ԽصdлصƵڶԷˢļ϶籨
ԷĻظܿ죬Խڷתһ˾һݵʳΪлаݣĩʳġݣǻΪӻҪһЩлѡ
˵һһʳôһ365죬730ʳҪšС̡˳Ҫ2190
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ΪصҪģʨӴ󿪿ڡĿǰСֲǣÿʳ30ҡ
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磬ƽʱԼ춼һҪҪˣֻһüС
һжһ߸ʴ˺ܶɥʬô󣬵ˡ
Թ״̬жأֵ˵ߣ˵ʮ߰˽еġ
ʹܵĻ˲ĻͲ͸ʹƵģһһֻҪû꣬Ϳһֱ
еۡ
ĥţһ20Ǿٶ
ȻصСѹե꣬ȥѹեӡײˡѡϡ
ֻ֮ҪԼûȫľظѹեָѹեָѹեָḶ́ܿԼͿк߲ܶܶˮ
ǧȷʵࡣ
ѹեԼҲͳˣ¶
ʵũ棬ֻô棬ʹ뿪ӵҲԷźܾòʲôײˡĲˡͷˣó͵dлأҪڳԵ
⵹Ҳõģdлˣų߲˵Ĳ֪ж٣϶ԵꡣֻҪʳͳȥͺá
ǲ֪濴ôóôʳ᲻׷ˡ
ԣҪץһ߸лһĺŽӴ
ЩϾ磬ǿиʮص
Ķ࣬ĸֻ࣬屻ͿգһĪ硣
Ҫ˯ȻָǴָ
ȻѾѧˣ
Ϊ֪԰Ҫף
no
źϻֻкɣ˯һ
˵֣˯֮Զת޸ֻɣãͷӡ硢ѹӢûá
ҲʶѡʶʱܲŻת𽥽˯״̬ûܾ֮ͻͣ£Լ
̫ˡѵֻã
ȥԡ
ԶС֪Ϊδ˸硣
ˣü·
12ѮڳŴ֮ڻصɭС
ŸĸµС飬صϤС
»ôС̻Բض˵Ҳһף˳
ܱ͸ɺӶ֪ģǰҲдԷʱҲܸˡ
ܱСʣİǡ
Цҡͷĩûϵϣڲ֪ҵܲǿֻܴͨɥʬԶźΣաȺҵ֮ǻһȥҰġ
ܱеܡ
Ůɣͬѧȷʵܺô䣬ԶҲס֮ܳ󣬸ԶȷʵӺţβǺѵļˡ
˷棬˵ˣ˵ԼͲ㱻ˮߡ
ȷʵʱ˲ˡ
ܱµûţֻܵúӣлл⡣
ⲻ⡣ҡͷ尢̣ţǶҵˣǵҪܰȫرˣġҰǱûͷпڼңпڹ˾п·ϣпܶĳطҲпܡ
飺Ȳ˵ЩǻؼҺúóԷףһ°ɣ
ҵط֮ͣɣٴβٿ䳵Σһӱһķǳƽ棬˰վȥȻߵ16¥
16-8Ļ̨ȥ󣬷ӵİ׹ع飬16ͨһɲǼ
ԣֻ16¥
Уϻ̨ƤƬ̨ߺ¥
һ˲䣬һ˫۾ˡ


53 
ԭֻ16¥һ¥ķӣȻ18¥14¥¥¸¥
ɣ껼״Ҳ̨Ƥ䣬ȻͻȻס
ˣͺֹ뵽ʲôҲ
һ˲䶮ˣɳ˺ܶࡣ
ͷ»ص̨Ƥ䣬Цۣ£·½½˶ʮɥʬҲˡ
ʾˣûж˵ͺֹ֪һЩ飬Ȼûжʡ
С֪ı׷ףأΪǸԼǿôࡣʵ֪ǣǵӱǿôࡣ
ֲǲһӵĳɳ޷ʳϣֻ˻߸ܡ
Ǹÿ쾫ޣʱܹͷӶʱάɣ껵䳵Ưܣ߻ָĵܺ;
ڴԭ򣬸·ϵõľˮϵ˶˷ӣ⻹ѡһЩˣܼʮţռջһ롣ĽҲǷǳϲ˵ģˣ
ֵسԷܣһʼש֮󣬾һֱ˼Ӻ̵ֲ⡣
ǰԼˮƽҲܺ磬ܾõΣա
ʵ֤ȷʵˣĺΣա
Խܼǣڶ֪ԭԼɣͬѧҲѾ˷ǳµĴڡ
Խ˵صĶɣ껡ӣѾ
иӳɵʱǵܵȼļ
Ҳ˵ҲɣͬѧҲãѾǷǳĴڡ
ԼⲻԼܣƺԼйء
ǾԽ˵ɥʬһΪûԣԱͬȼºͬΪûԣǿԳÿһԵľˡ
߻ɥʬԲƥľֻ10ʵʱ򣬸ÿһ־˶100ĵȼʵһǺͷӡɣͬѧͬߵġ
ر¡رηǿ߳ȥѰҸľԼҲԼͬ顢ӡֲǡ
Ҳȷʵʵȥɳˡ
Сʮ¥뿪ֹ¥һֻ嶰ʣ嶰û
֮ԼĿֻ꣬ѰһСϣҪ̡
ֻΪҪԴҪơ
Ͼߺɥʬôֻ࣬вվ˱ԽԽǿ󣬲ŲᱻһЩܸǿĴڴܡ
ͱ統СĴѧСӣϵѾɣ껣ĸ±ļɣ껣ָѻǹķ߶ˡ
⻹ֲǣǶȺСҲǴ򲻽ġ
ڰŽӻ֮ǾҪʼһڴȥռྦྷˣͬʱҲҪɥʬߺ¥ֲǸɵյϳɳ
ЩӰ˵Ķһٷͬǵгˣʼ䷿䡣
ܬLҺ͸ɺѡ16-7һȽϴ󣬽ӵźԺһס16-7Ա߾16-8ɣǴ̨ǴԼȻûܣסԴ֡
16-8ҲǲˣʲôҪɨĵطӶܼʲôʲô
Խѡ16-10Ǹ200ƽĴ󷿼䣬Էźܶ豸ҲׯϺһоҲзѵı塣ԽҪ벻ֲĹ۲¼סһȻȽڣǱŶӴ˽뷨ѡ䡣
ׯȥ˸16-9ʱԽ硣
Ͷ̷ŮҶȥ16-4С̫Ķ棬ͬʱҲ͸16¥ͬһߡ
ϸǣҪС̫ʲôģʵǾԽǵĵطԽסڻ·ϴһ㣬ϵҲȦ
Ѿ֤ԼļֵˣҲҪץʱ䡣
Сʱ磬ڳ극ٺãѾˡ
ݿĵ˸ӫ⣬ְꡣ
Ȼڷ˵ǻصĵط
ҲǾΥƽ
ϣƽԼdлص·ߡ
ѾԽںdл˵ˣŮһдˣϣܿһ»صͨҴ
Ůһвɣ껣ǺҶѡׯˡ
ǿСνˣҲðhлعȥˣɣ껾ڼdлصʱ򵥶³Ǳdлز鿴


54 
ʱļƻģúҪһС
С´һԶݼҵСҲΨһһCҺ͸ϹӰĺӡʱȥ´ŵʱǸũ˴˵һֻʣһҲȥDлء
ǿԶСƬȷǲҪҵˡ
˳ؼˣ˵ػԶţڿŲ׼ߵ
ˣۣҪѺµʡǸȰнˣȻٻͷһǸӾȳ
úܾӦûΣաϾҲҪ֤ʳģָ֮ǰԵøá
ȻϣԼ˳˳ؽˣҪ֦
ôһĸҪʳ2920⴮֡
ҪŬˡ
ؼң̶ֲܸˡָ˳ڶ磬Ϳʼζˡ
ȣ貼һ񡱣ǽֲƴ
޶ˣ
˵ע£ֲ˵Լǻ۵ĸ壺ǻ۱Լ˼ǿһһЩѧһǣһкǹͨ
޶ˣ
ץסɢӴ̣֮ܵǰ¼õƴѧƵԼƴóѧѧĻᱻŶ
ֲǾһ
ðǺ԰Ը⣡
ȿֺӵڸߡ
¶ʽ΢Цԭôϲüһһ
ǰ챻եɵڻڸ̱磺
ᣡЩֲﻹ̫ˣ
ôأ
ȻǿϷ~
Ȼǻ۱ֲũĺڰ쿪ʼˡ
ǿեɣȫͿգȻָٴեɡ
ǣƽʱɢɢ·ͦеģͻȻȻƣߵʱһƹϣָ90%ٴһգȻָ80%ٺĿգٻָ70%
˷ĥֱֻʣ2%Ҳߣ޷ṩָЧˣŰ˷ŹתɣȥЧʻָȥˡ
ȸѪϣֿʼ̶
֮󣬷ѡƹϡӡӡײˡӣ׷ױͿһһ飬3000ʳ׼ˡ
ܿģĿɺٴҪҪָ
ָ֡
ǸܾԼҪѹե׷׶װ
޷ֻмɣ껻Ѫ
ǰɣס16-2ס16-1Ϊɣ˯һʱԶתܣ˾Ϊԭͬˡ
ӰͨһѴŲŵ16-1ĿĿͱ˺ܴҡԭңȻͺ̨Լһһֲ쵫ǻũˡ
ī֭³ֵˣǺӦ˯Ҫ굽м䣬˸
ú档
ܵԶתҪ֫崥мţû취֤˯ʱɣнӴˡ
֮£ֻܰЩһһϸĵؽ
Ӷ䶯˶丶֣鲻Ը´ԱߵĹѡ
ʮµ׵CУ¶10ȣǰCеĶˡ
űףɣ껡Ҷѡׯһ˴ǧʳٴγ
һǿȥר۰ʿĳУԱϴٹĺǻҵͣҵ˵綯аͳʳպͿճλͻλ·ˡ
֮ǰһһһɱɥʬһ±ѹӢӣȻʱٰЩѹӢջ
ɴЩѹӢȻΪѹӢӡǲ֪ǲΪѹӢʹȻѹӢǷΧԽ̵̯Խ󣬵ѹӢͻ»Խ
һһʱճԺǿǰ̯̿Ϊ˱֤Ū÷ǳôճԾͻ½
̯֮̿ǰһѹӢһԴʮűӡôڸѹӢ߳CСûжϺСѹӢʱÿıӾԽԽԽԽ٣ûµĲˣҲ˺ܶࡣ
ǣֻ䳵ѹӢСѹӢжϵ
صСϵָֻʱ˵ѹӢֻܳΪ͸ûϵĵĴҰѡ֣޷ͨСڵѹӢӶõƵġ
ЩӣԼѡ߸棬ʮоŸҪŸܣʣһҳߣжϺȺϵʴɥʬûḶǵѡ
ӴˣҪѡԼߵĵ·ġ
ԴHлһ·һЩѹӢҳҰˣԭصȴ
ȷﴫϢʱǾͻεض𣬳ŷߡ
ȥDҲһڵϸʴɥʬسɳȴѡ
һһ·˳
ھһӵ·Σܶɥʬͳסһ죬ʱ˳˳ˡ
DлĿǰռضʮƽһ֣ĩ֮ǰʮ˵㹻˳Ծꡣ
вͬʳԸഢָϸҪ¶ȺʪȣֱӾʳķѿù״
ձ˵¶Ҫ25µı׼״̬һʳҪ2015£¿Ᵽ档
Ȼĩʱĸʱ䶼ʮȡټʱʱ±꣬ʪȼȫΪù´
سȶĻ磬ͣԴԴάַ糧ȼ䣬ͬʱҲΪ̫ܷϣסֹ磬ʳþһ㡣
ڷ豸ûõʱŴιͣʳһʰڲùС
Ҫǣú̿ʼ
ȻȼջܶˮȼյʱҲڲȼ¯ڲ豸Ȼ˺ܶͨȥѡǵĴɽ©ܶĲ
Ҵ߲ȵĲ˵Ϊ˷󣬸Ҵ࣬һЧ飬һ߷Ķˮ
ǱʶãڸǳļڸɻûоڱԼ֡
豸Щ֮󣬵òЧǹ߻滻ԶԶԱҲά޻ڶҪ˲
糧ĹԽԽߣֵԽԽʮֵʳȻգۼһֶû¡
зѿʳӣòڲ˵ĻӲȥʣ78ǧֵʳ˰Ѿĵòˣֻٰ׳԰׺¾ûˡ
Ȼȥʳճر𲻺ãһĶؾһٽһ˶ѣοʳߡ
ǻôҪʳԭ
¸߹ȥˣǧʳڶʳȱǰֵһᣬص˻޶һһ㡣
ڸɣ;³Ҷѡׯ˴ʳDлصʱ򣬵õ֪ͨĳſڵǺܸ˵ġȷ˶ߡûбȾ󣬾ͼææ֪ͨȥ˴͵ʵͣ㡣
ǢһСͷĿʮˣż޵ʽļпס˺֣˵ģˡ
ѱݺõֳݹȥﰴΧͬҴдǿҪ߶Դڣܴٴ١
һ̫ܼ˵Ĺ㣬°һ֣ҪǴߵ10£Ͱһ700ʳİ÷ѽˡҪ10˵100ˣһ400ʳ÷ѡҪǴһϣֱӴߣҪ÷ѡ
˵ǳڴؿô棬100ˣӦòѰɣ
ˣ
ôⲻڽˣڽʲôɽ󡣶ȲҪѸӳ
ҲǣһɻˣһóʳȻԲ͸ɲô๤
һٸˣһٽʳ¾ǧ˹лѵʳǲϰ˵ĳԴ
ǶDCߵˣûôݣֻǸ´С˵׽
ֻһ𡣡ʧû𣿡
Ҫˣٿɡ
úúãϸ濴˭ûأһٸ˿϶ҳģ⣬ǲHлصİɣHѾȫˣɢˡǲĸ»ؾɻأֻҪܽ׾Сﻹкܶྦྷ˿ʳӣܸⷽĽ׵Ļǽġ
Ÿ̽ϢУӦˡ
ʱɣ껴Ÿװ󣬷·ƽƽ䳵ǰDлص·ϡ
䳵ĴѾ۵䳵棬ƽƽ䳵
˹ǰʮ³Ϊ˱߱մմҳԼŪûͷһ㣬Ƚ
ΪȷDнҪҪƱһĶ룬䳵һٽʳкЩޱ
Ѿեˣγͨûǻ۵һ꣬䳵ÿԹ̶һصӦ
ٶȺܿ죬ʮ幫󣬾ͷֻ幫£ѾкܶڳΧפˡ


55 
еסеסҰǵСеͿ¡
һⶼ񲻼ãۿɼĵƤһϢ
䳵ɣ껶һۣDлѾͨ˽ˡ
ԱߵĹ·м۶ÿгἤһƬĻҳ·ߵҴȴֻǱձۣӶûȥסôš
ûмҴߣǰģҪôڽﻹ㾫͵ģҪôǱˮƵ·ģû·ߣ·𰲾ġ
ΪͺˮˣѾ˻߱ɥʬ
ֻڣڻ֮⣬ȥˣΪΧʮﷶΧڵɥʬѾˣûɥʬв
ΪûʳҲɡãֻ
ߵˡʣµЩӦǳһأľʵû취
ոջΪҪŶ˷ڴȴ
幫ԼŪûͷƺӵ˺ܶࡣЩһ۾Ϳߡ
һߣȻܳ;滹ô׳о
ŵǸ䳵ҲصģӦкܶʳ
ҴǶŸҲǣ˻ʳ
Ȼǣ˴Զֱ߽˶û˹
һͷƺǿɻЦһ˵
Աһбۿˣô˲˭ǡ
Ļû˵ʲôͨ
Ƕ𣿵Ȼ
Щ֪꣬ͨ˺֮򲻿ܳùͷġ
ٲˣȴûȫ
ǻʣһ֮ʹ˸ɫһӵôҲסһЩʡ
Ⱥһҵʱ˷ͻȻΧܶƼݵˡ
һСͨһڸɣҪĵ·ǰ󸶶һЩʳעʱΧҴһӵϣҪͨ˺սѹס
ڿն𣬳ǰҴߵͷǰͬʱŵ
ȻǰͣסˣȴǰŵǰȥȱԼóûȥ
ɣһ䣬Ѹת˼·һתɵѻм˵һȺķɳȥźŵҲȫһء
ǰŵڵڹŹǰһ⣬ɣ껼ʱǵԴͻֱײȥ
һ£Ҳ˲κ˼ȫʧˡ
Ա߿Ϸ״Щϧ̲סЦЩ˲أԼôûأǻһ˳Եء
ڲȺע£һһشŵķߡ
ޣӣ󣬸ָĿϻ󶼱˳Ĭ
أľȴ߳˿Խǧɽˮƣ
ſڣڡ
ϣʾֻ߼˿ڣͬеͨˣҪЩͨ˵ס⣬Ҫôһסڻظ߷СҪôڸ豨꣬ⷿӻߴ̡ͨ
ɣ껱ʾ˽⣬ȥܲԡ
ߡ
ɫ˲ÿ˷ǳ࣬ȥ⸶ͨˣȥŮʿ·ûбҧ˵ĺۼ
߶ɥʬпԣʹҧҲɥʬֻͨ˱ɥʬ˵пɥʬ
ȷϸû˸ˣ˫ʼӣȻɸܻص
ǻغػһͶǲǷѵģҿڷķסһܡȷҪ룬ǲŻῪʼǵԼÿܱҪԴ׼ʳָص㲿ռ빤
׵ϽԴȽ٣ֻҪ߶ɡҪؽľˣҪɸȥȡ
˰ʱסȥá
ʱסһĺ¥һ¥һŵߣ¥ϾǼʱסߡ
ɣȷ˷֮󣬴䳵ֱӴӴĵط뷿䣬źöúԿ׳ˡ
˴ΧתһȦܻڻֲ״ҪȥϲԼʳãｻȵȡ
˵˵ȥڱ˻ҴߵĻ⡣
Ϊ徲ָһƬõĴ¥ǱߡҪǽĻϱ𿿽Ǳ߾СڸɻҪ뿴Ҳȥ
Ǽ¥аCˣȥ￴ûˡ
˴ȥмһ˲¥ߵС¥
տͿŵ洫ĶʹһûУֻЩ·ӣѾǳˡ
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˲С¥Ҫסǧˣζÿ¥סİˡ
ԽͷԽ
洫Ƴ
װʳĴͰ¥¡
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ſڿװʳͰһЩԵĲʡ
ǱȽϸɵϡ˴סСסźƬȵȵȵȣ֪ŪʳģЩζǷù֣ʲʺһ࣬ȫŪһЩ飬ǳʡ
ǵʳﲻʳԴȶ˽͵ҲֻһȻһΣ˳ԱѾܺˡʵЩͨٶߣӴҲôҲãԵҲòĶȥȥ浥ģ϶Ǻ̫ࡣ
ŸɣΣֿ̫б𽥿ͨ˴ء
أ᲻ũøã
ֹţôЩͨˣũؾֵأ᲻ɺܶࣿ
ϸµȥ´壬ũ˴ͨˣҲúúõġ
Ȼߵʱˮء
һ
ˣɣԼֵءһĶԼĶĶزУĶ
˻ǲɿһ꣬һѩ֣һɺһβֻʳȹǧաòҪʱһߡɥʬ࣬һͿ԰һжˡ
ûԽ˵ܶȥСĽɥʬ󣬶
ڻٳٿ࣬пԱӻԼĳǽ
յ̫һǡͺڵر졣
תۼɫѾεػֻгǽǵĵƹ⣬ڸ·ؼҵˣȫĨڽϻסҪһѳԵȺķ
ɣø˻ȥˣԼվڴ¥ſڣȺѰ˵ټ
ڣڸһ˺ĸŮŹģٺźС̵ʱһ⾪ϲ㣡𣿣


56 
ȽϸƣԲϤƺǳ졣
תͷһ谵бԵøС
ʳĲͳһյСƣܼذѸȥڻ谵ĵƹǿ˸ˣ㣡
תͷæ󺰣裡ţǻˣ
滥æߡƿȥˡ
ȵǰʣţС̣ˡ
ϺܳҲܿϵƤµĴССĺƤãǸ˲Щһѽ˶ڻ
С̻رסޣ˺һûӦ
ʶáԼſиѪѹģ
͵ת泯ţȻϻоϲȴѾ˲Ϣ֮ʧȥʶ
Ҳû룬кɣ껻ʱС䡣
˷ɵУһ伱еĻС̡ԪףңҰٺžǡ
Ԫվڵ棬ĿɿڴؿҹɫзɿʧӰתͷԼ辪ϲߣ
ǹעȴǳڸ͸¶Ϣ
С԰ƣո˵ٺţ϶а취ҽΣ
ǺܿģԽԽˣҪԭشת
˺һǿ侲ϲԪһȥ򷹡
ԪײǺԸظţǵģߣߵʳһʹǳԺóԵˣǻЩʳ
һ䡰ʳԱԭЩ漵ʵŭĿӡ
Ҫ˵ҲҪ軹֪ĶǼæסˣһٷڲԣ͵öһϡǱôǶȴ
ΧѾͻһĻע⡣
Ŷӵǰǰ˶ʼǰѾ˷˶عͷΧĸӶˣ뿴ʲôϢ
ӦΧ˵ѯԲ˵ææŻصʱס뷿ڵƤ䣬ʼơ
׹ӿŵڣܿŲ԰׵ͺת
ʱסֻһ̨ƣûǵûиͨ硣
Ҳ⣬õĳ̨ƣƤյ÷ǳȻʼ⿪ŵ·塣
ɣ뿪Ƥ䣬Ƥſڴһ鲼ڵߣȻߵ̨ڣ˽ռ䡣
Ƥ¶ȣ䳵ڱ24һ˵¶ȣʹ·Ҳ䡣
·ֱˣȻһȵˮһ߸Ų壬һ߿ŵ
ļеһƫȻǸɻ˼ҹͷܲ˱ˡ
ĴȺ͸첲ĵطЩף滹кܶĥ˵ĵطĶĥŧƤ衣
ȽҲѾΪվ·ΣϸΪ޷࣬˷ǳصýš
һ߿һ߿ޡ
ôɾţ϶ô벻ԼһΪϴ費ôǱ
Ƥϵ˲ΣҪǸѪѹಡѪ˨ͷι֮ڲΪҪ
Ҫôİ׹סЩҪĸԵļ
߳䳵ʱһȦҵһװˮԡͰ
Ͱ˽䳵÷ˮˮºʵʱ򣬸һһ㣬һһظƤЩ۽ȻֲϸȾĵط
ʮӹȥˣİĵطϤˣһ˲ʧŮŶҵŮע
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ԿޣС̿ԿޣͰؾ۵ʱԿޣѾʮôŲܿޣ
Ǵ󱯻Ǵϲп˼ҵܳ
ȻʹˣʱҲСƵˣӣʱǴϣǳ
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ȻᣬŸҲǳûôңҲûôҵֻͨ滺š
䳵ڵİ׹һ̡ʱŲŵᣬЦŵӦúˣоôûͷļͷ֮
ŻڵϿŮȶҶ˵ʱԸһ£ͻȻͷˣܺͳθЩʹĵطҲû˲ĸо
Ű겻ŮɳƵԵЩСҿ˵𣿡
Цŵͷ˿ˣ
ɣվ̨ĬĬ汬ľ޴
˵ϰԵĿ࣬Ǹ·ʱĿ࣬ôųԵĿˮܵĿࡣ
ǿ뿪ĵĹУΪ˶ܳɥʬ߹հ˹յع˺ܾáȳģָ·Ʈ˺ܾãǿǿҵȥ´·ϡ
֮Ϊͣշתڵͼ˺ܾõĳڷ깵ļվڳ͸ʱһǳƫԶ·ϵļվȻӼ͡
µ׶ݻָͨѶ󣬺͸Ǵ˼ͨ绰˵ͼ·
ȻΪ³ȻֱӳʡһȦŻص´塣
Ż£Ͳ͵Ĵˣǲ͵˴ӡ
սŵ֣һһ˵š
ʵûǣңȥĸݾӶǿԵġ˵ȥ´壬ȴӣȻû֪ͨˣǾζһ˿Զ޷žˡ
ԼʹټѣҲѡ˼ȥ´塣
صĳӾʱǲȥġϾﶼһ˻ҲࡣҰһˣȥҲֻǶһԷ鷳粻ȥŵĹǳʵũŪĶأʵֲʳˣ꣬͵
˵ġüһʱ侹ǰ˼һɻۡ
šޡ˼ĸĸ첲ʾοǲ鷳ģС̺ͱȥصĻԼȥС̺ͱܷŲңһˡ
ͷȴҲ̲ס̾ϢӦҲû뵽ôɡ
ҡͷһʼʵûô࣬Ϊصߺˮϵ߶ܶࡣмɥʬΧǣ֪ôһûסüɥʬֱײѱҪֺõһʳŪˡһɥʬһվһƬȻھֻмԷùĴȻſֳܲµʳ
ڣѾˡ˵Ҳ硣
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»˶ӣһչʾ䳵ܣһűܡ
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˵ʲôز֪Ԫ̲ס϶ǷܣȻô˵ɾͷˣ
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Ԫ죬е˻ȥګګû𣬰Ǻǡ
Կǣֻе
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СͷȻݺݵ˶һۣʾ׼˵ˡ
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С̻ûлػӦǡʱллչˣˣȻȥˡ
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Щ˷ɵϣ˲Ԫ׻ͷû󺰣ղŲԪѾӦˣ㣬ǾʹҺòá
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˵˾ͺɣ껴Сĸӷɿ뿪ˡ
ɫÿԪҲͷ
ɵϵĸоʵе̼Ҳ˲ϲĶ档
̨˽̤ʵء
̨ſǸһһС͡һ߷żռ˿һСƤ䣬һ߻š
һأĸ䣬ȥ
ԪأתһȦȻЩ˼飺߾ȻֻôСķ𣿡
ԭҪôһҶڼңС˵һԼ䳵ܣⱣܡǿűĩǰûıĵԣʲô˵ˡ
Ǹ䳵ϴ衣ɣ껽͵ֻһߣʱֻһһǶߣӦûһ㡣
ܬLĶԭϾѾòʼԡͰϺͷϵˮʼ׼õ·
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Ԫ׼еԼȷʵеˣ¹Թá
С̣ȷҲûر󣬱˵ԼСҲˡءǵġ֮ǰһҪ߰ٶʳ岻Щ
С̺渶Ǹصǵͷ˵Dлص⣺ǰͨ˳ĻҪʱİ÷ѡʳȱܶڲСͷĿʾǣ߿ֱߣǲܴӻκʳˮǿôǶûߡ
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ʵǻؿʳԼͬ˵⣬Ĳͬԡ
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صԽȥɥʬҾˣҲ޷ָģ㡣ǻغߵĹϵе㲻ϲΡ
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ɥʬѰҸԴҪߣԸֻΪؿԸǾˡ
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ŲǱߵĻԼ
ʵŲDлصìܴ󣬶ͨ˵Ļأìܣö֮ҪôԼߵСأҪôͶûͨ˵Ļء
СϻأҲǲԸҪͨˣԸҪͨߵ
Щӵ뷨Ʈܿ콫׵Ժʵĵ⣺ǸСǽӵ𣿡


57 
ӵˣ˵¶ЩЦãС˵ʶǣҲʶ㣬ԲԸߡʳնûá
ˣС12꣬Cʱ߰꣬ʱСôǵһĩ԰ȻһӰݼҽ㡭
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оĵõģȻ˹Ҳûʲôã֡ϲڱľ̬ȣͨñȽϾá
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ʵҲǵһ֪Χǽֻϵ߻߽ѣʵǼֲ˶õġ
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ˣĶɻǸأԼˮ¶ѧˣԺҲרҵʿʱ͵͵ǿˣ


58 
ڶһ磬컹ûС̱˾֮ǰϢʹȻ˹
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ûгߵЩۣҲȻڵһ֬㣬ȻģֻҪȣͻһıƤЧʵҲոպá
ÿһʱͻһعͨճӵĸ˽ֶӣŰæԼͷˣͷҪôǹģҪôǳһػûüƵͷӣϴܷ㡣
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ʱͿ߶Щ߲ˮ΢ԪصĿķǳ޴
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Ǹڸܻʮ֮ŪʮĻƹϰײ˳Щǻ۱ֲũڶǿԴ洢һµġ
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֮Ǳȥסʰһ¶ߣһЩҪõĻмܾ͵Ҫߡ
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Щţ䳵˺ܶܣȷ䳵һƶˣ¥ɣ˯ˡ
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ȻǶ죬Ƿǳܻӭһˣƹϡ׷ױó
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е᲻ףǱϾףأûͲ񻰣
ԣѼ׽סһˡ
ʱ֪ǲǴƼܵԼԵˣΣͷһǱץųڿеʱµģϻˤˡǰºʱµġ

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59 
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ŰõļڵǸҲûӣϾ1418¥ڷӵǽҲõҲã޸Եϲࡣ
ŰƼ𣬳ıһ㵰壬Ȼʣµ
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ƼôҲɱˣǶʹܣı
ߣǻ۱ڸ¶һռ䡣ͨ˵߻ǻ۱ԽǿܿռԽ
֮ǿɶǵľͷûռ䣬Ǹܾ͸ܲ壬޷ߴ̴
ڵ˺ͶٶЩ졣ûܵͨˣҲΪһЩȾˮһЩȾĶźû۵ı졣
ر΢ģܲϸܵˣҲ޷ʩرӰ졣
øжϱı̶ȡԴƼʹܣһӾжϳһֻ֣ͨ͹еȻˣû볣϶ķ롣ʹֲͨһ̶˵Ļȴ׼ȷϸڣҲ޷ѧϰд֡
ҲѾܺˣΪڸʶĲٿ£ЩͨũһÿʵȻƼǼ
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60 
ֲٶҲһֻȻ֪˭סˣһʮᣬȳȥȻɲɵذԼҶƬڸġ
ϤĴУûܶã;ԽԽأֲ͸ϵĵ޺

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ҲҪԣΪ˱ƣҪϴɥʬþˣԼλá
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ҶѵķУֿɲֲĩΪ㷢ȥأԴһ䲻⡣
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ĸֲûзֻȫϹڣϴһͨɥʬҼܸ㶨һϵʱҲʱʱסҡҰס㣬Ӵһ
ߣֲǸҪϰҲҪݸԵϰԣϸ


61 
Ӵ˵ԷֳơйɱΡʳջڱ⼸֡
ʹֱ֮ӹֶΣйɱӻһɢ񾭵ζĹЧ뿴ֱֲܲɢ͵Ķ
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ڱƣѹӢ׳õ˲ڵһֹʽĿǰ˵ѹӢΪķԣ׽ڵġʱûȻƿ԰ѱֱŪ˵ڡ
ÿһֲﶼһһĲԡ
Ŀǰ˵ױֲֲһ׶ס
ѾȥĳѹӢıֲ86ţ26֣⻹һЩ˵ʱûȥ112š
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62 
ԽʱҪԱʮͨĶ纸ˣԼһ̸ܽѧԪڱʦ
ǰȻҪվģרŸ˷ޡ
ԽںׯæûһʱŰϸԪصĸ֪ʶָлѧʦ̣ǾרҵԿڡٺò
˯һʱ12㡣ʱɣ껻û˯̨϶ܣȵĵҲţǰ軹ں졣
Ӵһ۾ͿԽڸ嵥ɨһ΢
ѧʦͦõģһ߽ѧһֲ߽ѧϰƴ֡
Ҫ16ˣ룬ÿ԰ǰס14¥ҲǸպڷԵԱչ˵16¥Զĵطмһ¥ñ˴˻š
ʳ﷽棬ιȫġΪֲѾÿҪʳǳڶĿģǳľĿģҪ
һЩȼһġĶֲҪʮס֮ǻ۱ֲũﶼÿġҵҪٽʳ
ȥǼˣ80ˡ
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ʷ棬ΪĽȡʱûɣҪĲϻкܶࡣϰ˵ʱԽѾͨ籨DлȡϵѯǸֽ豸ļ۸һЩͻ磬ʮʳס
ԽڿCԼܱߵĵͼȦһЩԵЩ豸˵ԳʱȴׯȥһȦ˵ʵûʳ
ͬ飬ǵڶһ磬ͺСϣ˵µİţҪ5Ա10Լ5޲ˮ๤1ѧʦ1רŸЩԱĹDиˣһ22ˡǶס14¥벿֣裬ͰֽȥһۿôţԽϾϵD˵ùǮ߰԰סù˳Թÿÿ췢ٸһ22ʳΪ22Ա޷ѣԵĻ˹綯ĻҿԸ磬ľͲˡ
ԽںͰǶСΪԽڸ嵥ͻĵͼҪʼйɵؽ
һ·幤кܶ·塢PCBĴ豸ֹȶܶࡣûʱ򣬼ֹӶ棬ҲǺżԹ滮ɭС·幤·ߣӽһһһ·ɥʬȻͨɥʬεСʼʵսۻߺֲǵľ顣
Ϊ˱֤ÿһɥʬСǧȰɥʬǧˣɥʬòˣɣ껷ס˼ҵķȻʼس
س·ϣط϶ɥʬһǧңصСʱ򣬾ǲǧɥʬӡ
ЩɥʬͨɥʬΪÿһӶǿܽдģɱˣС̶֣СֲﵽＫ޵ʱоġѾսεǶ֣Сʾ
֮ǰ112ǻ۱ֲӻûȥԸһٶɥʬʬ壬ÿһ¥ķֲʹСԼС̻̳԰ɥʬʬŵͬλãٰǻ۱ĹʵԱߡ
ЩһֱҲѿֲһҵѸΪĸʴҺȥʴʬ壬ȻתӪ
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112ǻ۱ӣְѽ²Ĺʵӷŵӵ򣬵ȴɸѡܲµǻ۱֡
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ܶʱ򣬸ͶԷоԽԽ棬ӻһһ
˯ʱ򣬸ֺɣ˯һԶתģܺ;õһĹһҹΡ
Ӿôйɵعȥ˼죬˵״̬Ҳá״̬Ҳãһһرá
ת۵ʮµһ죬ҲĩԪһ졣
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63 
ղŶֵġֲȻϴ
˲˵ǻۺͷѾˡ
츳ɣһȺ׶԰СɴѧƽʱҪܽСѣһܡ
׶԰СѵԣҪ߸ҽѵߴʲôֲߵ˼ѻ˸Сǵġ
ڻûߣڵȺ˹ҿ
ܱΪϽøСϴҪȥ¶ӴҪָظУöԷоηģھ˵Ȼ󶯲㡣
ͷ˵ηı׺Ҫ
ܱǵ
֮ȻЩ˵С
λع22棬ϴκͺǢ
СͷĿô22˵С
Դûһֱʳ⣬ҹһиĿԽ׵Ķأ
ܱЦŵͷһתġҲˣǻؾǸֻм˵СЩʳŮһ˵Ĺ͡һмʳǿʮѾǼˣĩҲûȥأûֲϵߣֲϵʳ𣿡
̾ҲɣеֲϵܴũֲֻͻϮ߱жʲôġũģһͶʮˣһֲϵߣÿۻһǧĶסһֲϵߣһֻʮﵽٽﲻȣǧŶ
ܱЦǺǵļ죬ȴݷ˸
һаǧЩֲϵ϶Ըӵ¿һ۵ƣߣʳҲ϶Ҫȥģؾ˲㣬һֻǧʳһʳҲ1/10
òܱ׻Ҳǰ׵ģֱ˳ͷάŮϴμʱֻТġźС̣û뵽ȻɭСϴеʧ񡣰С̫ҸˣÿһǧʳͳԸʮЩ˰Ҳһٽ4/5ʳ
ŵҡͷҶҪĽˡ
ܱۡ
ҪŮܵȼء
Ů֮ǰĽףʱɣĽףȴû˵ԼûôҲ׸ߡ
Ҫ̽СĵȼСǲǻʣĲҪÿṩһǧǾ൱ڸDһֲϵߡ
ܱȴ룬Ůȷʵ¡ֻĻһܸǧʳ
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ϸ˵ˣСûɶСÿôһٽʳѾˣûҪŪʳšȻкܶྦྷ͸߰˽סѽ˵ЦģҲױȽϸߣСףһǧʳǻزϸ㿴

û뵽Լ˶ʳҲԼߵľˣҪһ߽֡
߽׾ĽףеԴҸĩǰھһСˣ˲Ŀ˴룬ֻӦġ߸ɻľˣǿǿСҵĽס
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DлΪǺӮẦǻصأ
Щԭͷֻؾ˲ָŻؿԶ·񡢶·˵߶ԣԼճ˾ˣǶǵĲ·һ㣬˵ǶǵĽ֮·
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Ҫȷڵʱ򡢷ˮеʱҪôˮ磬Ȼ󸶶ʱҪôˮԼʹôĵ磬ϴּЩרŸʴշֲҪôעȵȡ
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15¥ܱ塢͸˷˵ڶ졢죬ֹչҵ
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һȥģ˽䳵ķӡ½ȫACE«űһ磬кܶǰȥĻ׶εĸǻ۱ֲ
Щֲųһ㣬ҲûôԱᵽ䳵ȥ
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ѪգҲǱɥʬץƵĺۼ
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סɣ껵֣ܸת
ɣ򽫾ͽĸַĳˡֽһϵнںŤΣһѾ޴պķõʮ׳ĵ
ɥʬӵһ˲䣬ѵ֮ƳɱȥһȥնѪĽ
ɣ껵ܣϸϲܷΧ
Ľв̷ŮҶѵķܶոһƬɥʬĹһһһһŵġ
ΪɷΧڵķñܶ൶Ҳͬʱٿغܶ
һѵһѱʮ׵Ĵ󵶣ֱӺɨ
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˵Ҳ˵Լͺãûµġ
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һСʱȥΧɥʬϰ䶯ģصȣųƬƬѹӢַųδ«Լ50ǻ۱ֲ֫սŻص䳵Ѫ


64 
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71 
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72 
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ɥʬǰԼռ˿װʵĿռ䡣ռһ˲䣬͸оʵת΢仯
ڷǳڣһ߹֣һڹвл̬ϤԼʵͱ仯ڵ㡣
ʵ壬ǰԼֳһӡʵ壬ǽװΡ
ֱ任ԴͷǿԱٿصܡÿһʹܰԼ̬ԸоɥʬĿܡ
ͺ֮ǰֱӴ̴߻ɥʬϣܲĳ˺һڱɥʬʡ˴̵Ĳ衣ĴڱǱɥʬ̽ӵһѵ
ȻɥʬȻ֪һôģܵҪѸ¡ȥ
ܵųЦˡ
ѣô򵥵ĵ
ɴ಻ٻΣ¾̬ڿռﻺ֡
ɥʬûʹУϵı仯ܹɥʬǳܡ
ըˣ񿹾ܸ֣Ȼ乫԰һѸꡣ
߱һƬ޴ķԲǧ׵Ŀռ󣬲ը˷񹥻ɥʬռı߽磬Ҳռĵڡ
ʽеذө⻯ָģһ
顣
һ·ըĴ󣬿ռ̮
ɥʬĿռˡ


73 
ȴɣһ˼ռһ𵴣ʮɥʬ͸ƾð˳
ɥʬʬɥʬʬһ𣬴һֲ˴ˡ
ֻǱɥʬֵ˲ʧ˲ȷһ¡
ɥʬˡ
ǳ׵ףϢʧˡ
ûĽɥʬɽХսֻµĻһڵɥʬᡣ
վʬһ߿ϵļʬ壬ɥʬ̳ưȡռ侧˵ݸա
ӹ
ͬԾٶȿ죬ùȥȫյܵȼӶͻƵ׽ӽĽ׵ĳ̶ȣǻһ㡣
װž˵ıݸЩˣܲļĺʣµģһֹһɣɣ
ص˵õɥʬϢŪһ߹һˡ
ʹõʳĶֲϵʱŪģڻóʵʳ
˲ˣػһͷ
ɽ򣬵ȱԣ㹻˽Ը
ϣѵõʳԼɥʬķɣûɷ羰ĺţĬص˫ϰٺãһ룬ʽ̸
ֳŷصʵ
Dлһؼëʧȥٸߣػ˺ܶࡣ粻󣬻ػһֱڶ
ͲĽӴ˽DлػӦĩһɵòˡõʩǻÿһڵԱѵѾһˮ³̡Щ߲᲻أҪؿٰѻռ졣
ڻػ㣬ȶֵʳȡϾͿԹͷ
ȱٵʳﻹṩ
䲻һͣ㹻˵ֲͨﶼݸǣ϶ֲּͨ
ɥʬġ𡱣һ϶Ҫ
棬ǲϱǿϱȣϾԼ
Ҫǿʲô̶ȣʱȷʽʵ£ᾡܵסԺף߽װ˽ףֻ߶ٽ׵ɥʬԱѡ
ص˺ܶ࣬˵ĻɥʬɥʬİӡõĻ̶ȣҲһĻߡ
Щɥʬ߻ΪŶӵϡֲιߺͷӡ
ǰ£ԸɵԼڸɢıɥʬֻߴ㿪ʼȥطɥʬ
DֻҪɥʬͿȥ
ûɥʬʱ򣬸ԡѡЩɥʬȽϼеĴеģȻɱɥʬ
ֻһһ⡣
ܳפDлأʹҲסCɭСûǿȥDлصʱ˭صȱأ
DУһЩǿɥʬռزͨ˸ߣȥһµĿɥʬİأȥ
죬ƫڰѻر
һ߳Էһ߿۲ʹĴ⡣
ƽ׵ĴҰѹӢڳһһŵؾۼš
ûؽɵǿŵҴҪץѹӢԣѹӢһһ
ѹӢûзŲһطӭƮ
۲ѹӢͳҴ֮Ĺϵ˶ǻ䵽Ǹϣ˸ʴգߴߴطա
ߵļ˵ѹӢǷȥʳѻǶڸҴ˵ѹӢԼʱʬ壬ҲᴦǵйõʱᴦһЩϵ۹ۼظӸɾڱס
ԣѹӢЩ˻Ǻг
΢
ǻ۱ֲôֹ࣬ѹӢҪŻֲҲԸ
ҪǻûҵŵֲǣҪװǾֲ߰Ұɡ
Ǵˣµǻ۱ֲ油䡣ֲ̻Խ࣬ҪֲҲԽԽࡣ
Զһ³̣ҪڻشãҪ뿪ĻҪµǻ۱ֲýӰٳȥˣ֤ʼôǻ۱ֲ
һֲ̰Һˣ³̣һ߼Է
ҹˣͻص˳ʢһͣصʰĴ
֮ǰһߵŶӺסıȺ˱ߣһˡ
Dְŵǻ᲻᳤סDлأ԰ˡ
Ȼܡ
δˣ˿ԵصĺصĴԼԺǽһͨΧǽ֡Ұ˿ࡣ
ι۱ϴһʮˬˬΧڴ־ˡ
ʮžˣͻܵޣĽףܴ˲䷭ʮ
ϲطԼܹԼռ䣬ӵ˺ɥʬһĿԲٿؿռ
ȻֻܰŽռ䣬ֻܷŵռһСƬĿռ仹òˣһǺܿġ
Ͼ൱ǽĶ±Ȳԭǿռܵɥʬǰıˡ񸶶ɣ껣ûЩء
󣬿ʼ۲ռ䡣
Ŀռ䲻ǿҰҲһƬҵһ¥¥д¥иָƷƷװꡣ
˷ܵس֣ܽҵĿռ𣿡
΢뵽֮ǰɥʬռκת̿ʼԡ
ڣȻٿܱΡ
һ

˺͸۵Сۣûκα仯վԭء
˼Ƭ̣ջܷſ֣۸ڵת
ɥʬռ䣬ʵҲаӣȻʵ˲仯Ĺ̡
ɥʬܱܣȫٿءȻȫ԰ѸӺŪķֱգؾ۳ʵĻᡣ
Ҫռʵ֮лҪʵл
ģ֮ĸоܼתʹܳԼࡢѪҺƤȷȫܡÿһϸܰ󣬻һ
ɳɢɳһϸө⡣αɫɳ״̬ȻƮƮķȥ
ͷһ·һһصөɢˣŶ£ȥסө⡣
өģһ˲ռһС˶
Ǹ
ɫ԰ףѵڿռڵĽֵ档
Щţôʲô
һռﻺ˺һ˵ˣƺռתףʵתܺķѾҲܺķܣ任һξͳеܣʱûȥ

ܿռС˶֪ôǳ˷ܣ˯𣿡
۲ܱ߻
Ŀռ䣬ǶȦĸ¥ãΪ˵ְλҪסͦġ
ͷܲͨﵽܵĿġ
ˡ
ӵпռܣҲͷһ쿴Լڲռʾû̾ĸºסѡһǳľƵ꣬һεѸе˾Ƶ߲㣬һŻ·ڴȴѡ

̫ģװϷżء
ҲϣظͬὨҪʲôʽȹӡ
̫ôıռṹеĶֻ֪ôѶλ
˽⣬е·װ
һһԻڿռɡɣǿĶֻһḻ˵Щʲô²²Ρ
˵ҹ
ǣʱ꣬ɣ껵һһ˯
ɣ껣
Ȼ벻̫ãϣŮѵ̬ԶĿ꣬ȻԺΪôܵȼȥҪһ˯ʱ䣬Ӧһ˯ʱֲˣ
ĺܾܾ
Ѿϰ߱ϲ˯ʲôʲôҲܿģܰġ
ڣŮѸˡ
ɣ껣( x_x )


74 
Ҳܵɣ껵ԹӰ죬ûʵܵԶתҪٿزָܻܲﵽĿġ
ڶ죬ѾһϰѺõĸdְԼһdи˿ᡣ
ܿȷþ˻ȥͨũ£Լ֧Ԯǻ۱ֲ¡
ԤһԼֲģdлĿǰ᧿Σʳ棬ʮʱ䣬ҿԸũƽʮһһǧ꣬¸µ׿Ըֲ
ЩũǿʱóõģԳʮ쵽ʮ첻ȵӦڡӦ԰Ѳȶһһһҡιֲַͨιڿ죬ôũĲҲһЩ
ֲͨǻ۱ֲﲻһǲʴҺǻøٶֱ
ǿյǻ۱ֲزɣǳʯͷմɡשӲӲĶԳԵֲ֡ͨҪģҾĩǰũȻֲҪӪƷ
йũҩ֦ҶǱũϲġ
ûУһЩòͷľ׮ֽǣҲǲС
ʵûУϴЩȻ粻׷ֽıȽ˹Ҳԣյرܾܳöá
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˽˴ֱӱʾ˶ǣҪж١
ȴûֱӴӦȥҷԵġ
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ԭ԰ôǻ۱ֲ˲š
ͷ
ֲһȲߣһбߵߡ
Ȳ˵һӷʱϰٿǻ۱ӵѹӢ˵׵Ļƹϣÿ첻˴ߴ٣ԼΪ˺ͷѴܣÿѾٽĻƹ
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ҲõҲãЩһĴӻռɸѡǻ۱ӣڷżҳͻӡ
ÿһƹӣƽʮͨġȥÿӣʮǻ۱ӡ
ݻݻƹϵ״̬鲨ǻƹһߴܣһ߻Ʋӣÿ춼ôıӵĲ
ֲͬӲıǲһģ˻ƹϷܲ˵ģֲﻹʶؿԼıӵϾߺ¥ûʱ侫ȥֵǻ۱Ӿǧڻһÿ˯أʵڲҪֲˡ
ͨӣǾ͸ˣ˵ڲֿʱһҪѿģ
ЩһֱûȥӣԷεߺ¥
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һ»һԸȥdл˵ֲ̣ǷųȥճܣҲʳũdлÿ˾ͿʵԸ㡣
Ϊ˸лԮظʮĳ⡣֮ǰһһʳ𲽵Ĵ豸Լʩȫ޳衣
ˣǻֱӻͳļŶӺͼϵɭС
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ֲ˰ȥdлأڱ˵ĵ̺²ôڵػ
ȥڻСٺò
ⳡǳ˳һһ磬ѸöϸڡԺʲô仯Ҳõ籨ϵ
˫Դ˶ǳ⡣뵽ԼҪָúĩǰȶе;ÿġ
ᵽصĹɥʬϢ
˴سǣ߸ҲӦ˵ɥʬԽԽ֡ɥʬıߣձܵȼߡܶನɥʬǻ۵ͷɥʬ
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ټһֿÿһԾ˵ɥʬǿɥʬԽԽࡣ
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ĿǰеϢΨһһߣΨһһߣͬʱΨһһֲ졢ֲԳɥʬߡ
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ҡ
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ǣȥԵġҲԸһȥС
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ѡСΪСĿǿкŮûմȾ̫֮߰ǰлΪԸ쵫ǷǵС
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ô㣬ʵ浽ѡ˵ʱ򣬻ֻпԵûôʱȥ˽⡣
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ͼԱسǣһװܶ˵Ĵ󿨳³ʼˡ
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޵ĲҪ
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ߵĲҪ
ڴδĲҪ
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һӡѡ221ˡһٶǲʮİӡ
˻صأǼǺָŻسԼһˣһ̤ǰɭСĵ·


75 
dлصĺݱչ԰Ҳûע⵽Ľ䴫˳ȥ
ʵڶ·ݵʱcܱߴССŶӣѾע⵽˴ɭСһȺеˡ
ԭһʮɥʬһɥʬ׳٣ʵαɢǳ𾪡
µɥʬɨcĵɥʬòˣ԰ָǴcдССʮ˲֪˲
˵һʼǼߣҪ͸ɣһܲռˣǺ渶˸飬߶ڳﳩʱ򣬴ҾͶ˸ռ˵ͷ
ռƨıˣ˼Ҳ㣬ѾԵĹԣ
ΪСԼdк鱻סûɨcĴƬƬؽũĳءЩطԷɢcе߿һһԸڵΪģ˷ɢ
˵סڸΧȫġ
԰Ǵкļƣ֪԰ϲ̫Χơ
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ЩϢ˵ᴫθȥ221һøۣҪɻͿţס16¥
νҪš

ȻǸСףЩƶȹ淶ҪſԷֹһЩ߰ĶҴҵĹ
ȥһdлأͻص̺󣬸һϵй涨
ȾǺ԰ڲԱġʡԼճ滮
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ͨġû⼼ܵˣÿÿʳٽԡٽ棬Լſš
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кܺãֻҪû⣬ͿԴӸطƻشѧǣȻصѧǾһԼҴӪһŶҪһЩû߹·һ
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81 
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94 
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95 
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96 
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һߣһһ䣬ҵ˺ܶ߰޺߶·£רҵķ
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˻һۡ
Ϸ
׷ôõⲻˣ
ʶĻ˵˵ڵҴӱģܺʲôߣɥʬ߶ֵֹġ
̷ƸϽȥţŹؽ
һƬ̷Ƹ̽ѯʣλҪ𣿡
̴ٵ̾һԭǸһݡ
ԲԲ𡭡
áĵģֿԿ
̷Ƹ裺ȻǵĻڴ˵ߡ
ֹεؿһۣǵ𡣡
̷Ƹͺֹ˵һȥ涥Ŵ
ŵһֱڹעߵ̷ƸԽԽƫ̲סæȥ
̷Ƹ״ҲֹûеŵҪһõĸɲ˳˵漸˵
ӦǴӱǿߡʱȷĿģӦò׼ˡ
ϾǸϮǵ߶ûбֱɱǰ˵Щ˼ʹڣҲǻ׶ɱ˵ġ
͹ˡ
Լ˰̬Ȱڶ⡣
ŵһ
̫ˡһȥǵ̬ȣҪǸʲôĻһ
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ôǿˣͱɽˤֱƤ￾ˡ


97 
Լãӿ˼ٶȡ
«Ÿһ·һʱոֽ֣ʬ壬ҲѾס
ÿܶ«ʵҸݼ˵ʳµθھʵĴС
̷Ƹҹ֮ǰѾ«׼ҹˡۼһϵԼšȻЦɣץʱԸɶġ
·һ˳ģʳ·ռûйڵĹͷԼԱߵ«ʵ
ɣóɾĸְ壬任̬һ˰壬һ˵Ѻ«ʵгƬ״ˡ
̷ƸŲʱ򣬾Ϳ漸Ѿѹư׼ã͵̷Ƹˡ
֪ΪΣ̷ƸǱ֧ʹһȴ˿
ԽӵԽĩǰͨˡ
ǿߵĵҲܿɹԡ
룬һǲȼ󿾻õģһ̷ƸԼԿػֱӰ︶
Թɫ֪ȺµĿǸǶоߣԾˮʳԸղŵеǸѣҲҪԵǸҲ
ͷ
Խ࣬ǿԻȡϢԽ࣬Թ۲Щ˵һЩʱжǻα
ǣŵЩнĽˡ
ҵط˵Ե
ԭлشӺ֮ǰԼġĻ
ǲԣֻڷֳԾ˿ܵȼҳͬԾˣٶȷʮʱɱͬжʼˡ
ɴСС壬ÿ嶼ǲͬԵˣɱԼԼԼĶͬˣȻǵľյ
һʼÿ˶ôʱˣлռȨġʵǿģͶǴַһˡ
ϴӢеٮٮߡ
ģǿԽԽǿҪô̲Ҫô͵뷨跨ӳȥ
ֻܳɹߵ߷ǳ٣ΪǻɵĲǣ⣬ڵʱҲɥʬɥʬ
гһͻΧû취ԽôɥʬһȫһЩĵط
Ȼﰲȫλã֮Ŀڿഫ£cкdСcdоУ̫Զ̫Զ
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ǳĳҵ˻õģҲΪ޷ʱͶ;ǳ
֮ߵ߻ˮȣֻͶӢΪ׵ȺˣҲӢԼĺĳԱײԣлػȥ
ֻǳ
һЩѾĽˣӢǰʼǸʱū
һ⣺еӢߣ
ǵġ
ʲôϵ
ʳ仰²⣬ǸӢ᲻Ҳߡ
ϾԵĻѵҪһžˣⲻһСĿ߾ңҶִɥʬͬ࣬ʹ˿ڻҲûôľԴȫѸ
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ӢϵߡʵǻֹףӦǲһҪ߽ˡ
Լвˡ
߽ף
ڸеľ飬ףҪһһ׾ˡ߽ףҪʮһ׾ˡ
ٳһͬԾ˵ʮԾˣԼԼ߽׵ľ˵ڲͬľˣҪľЩģġ
е˵һ׾˵߰ʮһ׾˵ͬˣõһ׾ˣȴһٶʮһ׾ˡ
ÿһ˶ͬһ˵ֵһ
ֻһ׾µõһȽϴԵĽۣǾ߽Ҫʮһ׾ˡ
ˣ/ɥʬͨ/ͨɥʬĳʼ1/10000㣬ʮžˡ͵Ǵʮڸͷɸѡİ
1/10000ı𽥱2/100003/100005/10000ˣ˿ڻҲǳӴ󣬾ԲһССܳصģ
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Ӣһϵߣôᡭ
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ΪΪ˻ȥӢĹȣʵҲ˹֡
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98 
ԲҳΪ˶ˡ
Բɱôˡ
ǰ˿϶Ҳɱˣһһʡ
ˡ
ʲôأ
һʱ䣬Ĭ
̷ƸһĲһ棬ڴʱ˿̣Ҳĸǵ̬ȡ
ǻ᲻Ϊ¶ǳ֣¶Ѿ£һڹοҹѼ˸ϳȥ
̷Ƹ㷲еԼһʱĲѡ̹ס
ôһ˲͹ϣһù׳ˣ
Σ̷Ƹӿһ
׵˽УԿеĽýܵ׼
ȷӦġ
ʲôʱУĩȻֶŴΪǿߣԼĵ³߱꣬ҲҪڲԼĻ±֡ס
ôעµ
ɥʬж٣
̷Ƹ軹һʱûзӦŵæ֮ǰʮӢ﷢ɱʮֻʣ46׺Ľɥʬ6ɥʬӢԭķԸҪЩɥʬȫײɱ׼߽ףֻҪһɥʬľˣͿʽ׿߽ס

ͻȻðֽ࣬Ӣһɥʬ߽ףٳԵӢ߽׵ľˣǲҲ߽׵·һ󲽡
֮ǰһƬطºܶɥʬľ˺߽׾ûټ
ϾʹԾ˵ֻͨߵ1/10Ҫ߽׸һ¥ҪľҲǷǳһ֡
һ׾ˣôҲʮ𲽣Ӧͷʮڡ
ʮɥʬʮɥʬʮıɥʬȫɵվˣ߽˽ס
ֻԤʵҪָࡣ
ͨ˵һһ׾Ѿˣϣûаӳ֣ǲɵ
лصָ㷨ͨɥʬɥʬ֣ȻٳԵɥʬ൱ڱͨɥʬǸߵĸһṩܡ
̷Ƹŵлش˺ܾãŵҪڵˣҲιɥʬһЩ
УɥʬֳȦɢ֡ɢĴ󲿷ɥʬΪǱԡûܣԱȽ׵ֻܴĽסɥʬףھ˳ԵʱһЩ߹ȥʰ
ͬǲܵɥʬ౻Ȧ
Ǳ˫ȣֻ֫ж
ɥʬӵϵϵ˫Ȼ
лר˶ţÿһ³֫һЩǿģػÿΣһؾͿһءٳһٿһأظ
Ҳ˵εıȽǿܵɥʬ޹ء
ŵͷ㵽һ룬Իһ硣
ɴۣŸġûбĩĥǡһЩרŸϳȥɱض˵ġ߹ɥʬλ𣿡
һתΪ²ĪЩ˷ܵ˫ۣ΢۵ȴûЦ⣺ЩɥʬǱ߳ȥרҺ԰ˣӦþûˡ
ŵ۾ԽԽͻȻһˮ
ģ
ҡͷ̾䣬ظ߶ʲôͻȻͷЦߵһŵžҡ
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СաҲֿȵؿ
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ϾӢҪԸ԰ѾԷ԰ôҹȻҲǵΪ֡
Ѱ𣬻˵ѰԭġһҵӢףɵлؾͻ᲻ڡ
Ҳͳˣ
ҲȺ׷ɱδɽߺﶼħһǿ
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ڼڴĿвصͷ϶ǵĲ²⡣
ڣǵĿһ¡
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Ѿá
ɣʱõĲŽڻȵġ
ԵƬѾζ«Ƭǳ㡣
ѾĿҲǷϣһڹ«ʵԼųԡ
̷ƸѾܶˣù«һһֱӿԡ
꣬ǲ˼ؿ԰ʲôдڿ˫
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ž޴Ĺʵݸ̷Ƹ衣
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̻ʺ󣬼˺֪ط֡Լϵ˾Ȼɿ˺ܶࡣ
صŵԭ˿˿ѪĸԴ˰ڵССʱǰھгŵѾ
ˡ
ûôһ̣ʵҪһˣôԸ⡣
Ҫ֪ӳǲͶйཻġ
̷Ƹ輸˶һۣȻԶЩ⶯


99 
ڻûδʱ
ֻϣ԰лȺӢﴦһƬ徻
Ը̷Ƹ輸ȫ˽Լ֪ѶϢ׳
ŵڣԺãֱڸóĵͼϰлصԱֲ
лԭһĿߣԼغܴһƬ򡣡ŵ䣬κһܡȻ·ϡ
ͳֻһ˲ŵܣصɥʬ򣬰46ɥʬЩԡٽףȫоٵ
ǻȷʵڵɥʬϸƣɥʬ߿ơ
ŵҡͷһʼȷʵкܶûüƵɥʬڹءûеػΧһȦͽʱرţÿ춼ᱻɥʬһȺɥʬ
ƵʱбɵķգȺɥʬҲһ
ΪɥʬܹߵȼٱԼɱȡˣǻֻܷɥʬΣյȼ
Ĳ˵·߽׻ϵɥʬǱȺ˴ߺų
ƣзųϵɥʬʱɥʬӦֻףҲΪԿƵĳ̶ȡ
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ʵþϵܴߵɥʬֹ·Ǹɥʬǻ۳̶ȲرߣûҶԵط
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ŵͷǶףв
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ڶһ磬ó籨׼ʱڰ˵ͻ鷢籨
ǱһֱŵС鷴Ӧܿ죬̻ظ
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ߺ¥ֲǴ¥ӵס˵ӵ¶ȣȺȻҪůһ㡪ӰϵɥʬʧȥĿ󣬿ʼ

ɥʬǻϵǵȼûе߽ףֱںˮߺ¥ɣ򣬲ֲǡ
פߺ¥ѾһǰɭСͨ͵ϰ˵㣬ٺ͸ͨ
ڣѡҪôظȺɥʬˣҪôֱȴлء
ȷߺ¥ɭС󣬸ѡߡ
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¾ݵͼŵƼ·߽ˡ
һ·ɺܴ谭жҲЩܱ߻߲Ѱ
ƹЩףֻлڻҵˣ߹հ˹յлΧҰԶѰһľϵߡ
߽׵ʹþϵܣǵķΧȶԷԶȶԷһԷλá˲Ҫػȴ񹥻ԼѶԷֱӶ˻ȥ
ϵߺܴûӲգ뿪䣬ӢڵķɱȻ֪Ҫȥš
ٶȺܿ죬¥»е߷ŷٶϵߡڼʮ⣬Ȼ
ûϵȷǸϵҷ̽󣬶ҲˣֱӴСɥʬɡ


100 
лصڲطǳɢڲûʲô谭һ˵Ч
ڻصߵҪָЩʲôǸ÷ŶɶܣЩֱӴԼϣһʱڲøѾǱսĺۼ
нսǰ赲Ǿ΢һͱƤһʱոջõ̱Ѫˡ
ӲߵıܣԼǶ֣һѾԶԶĲٲͣ󲿷ټټˣԱһɧš
ɥʬһռطǳĹ㳡˷ΧҲǿصˡ
ԶͿĲ״
֮ǰŵ˵Щɥʬ˫ȣʵġɥʬ顭Ӧ˵ɥʬ顣
û֫ٲֶܿƱȽɥʬͼͷܣΧ˺ɥʬֻһڵŤ
դΧܶ࿴صߡҲ˸ĶȴûеһʱǼظλ
ڼҹˣǵһӦӲգǿһͬ
ɫ䣬Ⱦܣ˼״Ҳˣֱӿܡ

ûȥϸЩߵ̬ȣֱӶѾϵɥʬ֣ǳɣһһСѣӵʱɵȫ46ɥʬ
ʱΧۼ˺ܶߡӵԶܵĶڷ񹥻ϾƬ㳡Ѿ֮ǰľסҲӰ첻ˡ
οֵǮɥʬѾɵˡ
лص˹ʽкܶ࣬ϵĵµģĻѧģɥʬŪһҡ
ȡ߿иɾķ磬ΧŪһǽеζɢŨѸھˡ
ֹ߰˷ӣӢܻظʱ򣬾ͼ˸ڳһɥʬľ˲յһĻ
۾ͻĿѣһȣܴŹֱ帶
ӢӲߣ˺ܶʵϵҲһź֮Уһһسһѹ
Χߺµɢ²Լ
ɣȴס֣㲻ó֣˽ҡ
ÿһ˶Ҫսжϴڼеĺӱ߽ɥʬȻѡϳսɣ껷ӵĿռ䲻
ɣ껺Ӣﶼߣ磬濸ס׵Ĺ
ɣûа⵱ɾ޴вǵɶԼսȻҪǣʹԼУԱҲŮѿԶס
ԴĿռ䣬ԼԽԪؿƵܵʲôز
ͷͺֹѸ뿪
˼״ʶΪɣǿǸϺףǴŵΧ
ͺֹһۣͷ«ʽս
ڿУһ߷עСһΧܵĸ߽ߡ
һңҵܵԶľϵߣ֮ǰɥʬɥʬһˡ
˵ֱйȥ˴򵹣ͨ«ֳһȥƿǶ˵ͷ­ȡľˡ
üԭ˾ϵ⣬һܵҲھϵߡжɥʬߵĵȼΪľûӳɣǿͿʼ޵ĺɫˣɫ𽥱䵭ס
ȻܵȼԽߣ˺ɫĳ̶Խлأ˾רɥʬȼġ
;ϵ߶ֱ۸ܵ˸ΣգܵñȻٶ߻졣ϧˡ
ӳȥĻᡣ
ߵĹһźţ߿ʼӷعܡ
ڶֶ࣬ܶڲٿصķϵܣΪ˿Χڶɲٿصܾѡ˺ֹҰ
ϵҰ䣬ϵոߡ
ԸСϺףѾˡ
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׵ڸǰ޷֮ôһЩЩ΢鷳Ҳֻݺȫĸ
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Ȼɥʬ˴óһɥʬ飬ʳɥʬȺ
˻ʲôģ
һƬɽ֣лιɥʬĵط

ߴںΣƽԭشࡣҪιɥʬȫҵӿĵطιΪʲôҪѡôһطι
˻һۣĹ۲졣
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ˣֲĿԸڰϸʹѹӢķϵܡ
ʱԶڶĺϣһȫ׵˹˴ǡ


105 
ȻֻҪųĹ࣬һץס
ץסˡ
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õģֻ½ع̹˺ٿعλõͲ
ЩҪǰߣ֮ǰĴ˲ʵˣ·ȴãʱǳá
ֻолԸܾ
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лصãŻظһ䣺Ҫȷϡ

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110 
ǲ֪лص߶ʲôȼӦû߽ױߵĳ̶ȡ
̽׼ȷϢ֪Ҫʲôʱȥ
ٴη籨ʾԴǻصǿȥǰ߿
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ڻʲô׵ģȫɥʬȺͺ԰ɻ֮Ķˣ
һǾãָĻ򽻵뽻dлص
Ĳ˵Ⱥ֪״һֱھܱߴת
ʱܼϣھеսĲá
ҪѹӢһ߼ǰߣһ½롣
ʵ½ѹӢռһƬѾ԰лطֳɡһͶлأʵǿƶ죬û취һһֻΧѹӢʱɧšҲѹӢץסͻٵĿѹӢ
¹ҰչѹӢǸųȥǻѹӢȫ
Ҫֳһ񣬼ѹӢĳ롣
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һЩ֪˸ġѡ鱨뵱ѡ
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ҪڸΧһڲſԷã˶ߺ¥ߺ¥һж
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һһֱڸͷһ̣Ǿоϵ߹ľơ
־߽ߵԱ󣬸ѾˣЩԱͬʱЩ߽׾ըֱӳռ䡣
˶ռĸ֪񣬷ûʲôӰ졣Ϊٿռߣÿһζ쳣ܡ
ѹӢҲܡĳ̶ֳ˵ҲѾǻռռʵغ
ʵռڻƽеôе߽ߣ˵α߽Աγɵĳͻ֮ĽޣΧõռϣγռĵ
øַ߱ըΧǿȣγһǽֱڱըһ˲Ͽκˡ˺ֲռϵֹͣʹܡ
ЩЧ΢Ͽֻ˵ѹӢ˺ֲԼԼƬƬѹӢǣǻյ
˵ԱҪôоϵԸģҪôǶԷΪϵ߽ߣ͸ԼѹӢĳЩԣǿֱռĴڡ
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û˵ԼĲ²ͽ˵ĽǣǴлأɥʬȺԼɣ껻صdлأռѹӢҶƬϵ黯飬ԼҲȥһμ顣
dлûɥʬвһֱܹĵоܼװѾжܵȼô򵥣ݸ½½͹ĸ⾧ˡɥʬɼգѾֲͬʽĴ˲졣
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ᣬǸϵ߸ȾͣĽԸǿԷռֱӽ˲ʱ˺ߣǳ˺ҲΪʲô׵ѹӢϿѹԼ߽ߣȻһûмʱȷʵʱ͸
ǼʹȻȾҲڣҪܳʱָʹ㣬ܵЩԱߺɥʬĳҲбȾ֢״õģǲУܺá
һϢзķ𣿡
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ɣһֱڸ󣬲ʱѾ仯ĵͼ
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ǰķĿӦcеɭС
ɥʬȺ߽׵ĳ̶ȣٶпϵΪɥʬϣһֻٶɥʬΪ׼Ȳƽ
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ְתֳЩϧЩܻոöá
ҡͷǱǾϵȾˣ󾧺˶ʧӦǱϴԶˡ
ɱôлɳɥʬԼߣѾˣǽбľʵľϵߵĿƳ̶Խĸ壬ľ˾ԽûмֵΪľʵѾȾߵĹУԷߵʵͬʱ侫ڵΪá
ЩԱ߽Ҳˣͷھ˵ѾԶգûоҵĴ֫ٺԼռ򳹵ױȫûиúôĿռ䡣
ܻɣô߽׵ɥʬߣǸľʵѾ˰˽ס
˵ԼĲ²⣬ȻƶĹ꣬ɥʬȺƶ켣
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111 
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˵ҲȥϾ԰з磬лôһʱҪĿꡣ
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ЩʮصĴһøɣ껵ĸܴһ·һ߰ˣһָ߲ҹͣάֶнٶȡ
ڣ󣬳ӿԽǧգڷ糾˵˰С
ʱлصɥʬȺҲڼٿУ밲вʮ
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ֲǵϴ󣬾ѹԼ˲䱬ܹץ׼һʱšϵ˵Ĳӡ
ٶ죬ҿƵʱҶƬϸСĺڣҹȫԻ̿ͣΪոĺ֡
ӻζܣս͵˵ĹҶǻ۵ӵ»ЧԱһЩɥʬҲʹ䶯ٻá
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ѹӢռԼѹӢ˲䶥ӴȾǰأץס˾ϵߵܲ֡
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ͨ˿һȭһտյĺܴܿƷУȴ״ⷽġһƤСֽһӲҲ֡
Ȼ˴֮以ͨԺѹӢûôױȾˡǷſֽţʹøԵķϵܹˣƺƴһʱ侹ƺΪ԰ȡһЩơ
ڣױȾģ˸
ΪŰܱÿһѣҲǵռ䡣һ˭ܵ񹥻ͻץûԴ
һ࣬Ⱦĸ״̬ڸռ䲻ۻһζûԴɹ
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˽׶߽ףԶԣԸ¶ôң
ңԶӰûжɥʬĽӼˡ
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112 
ʮ⣬ľʵزٿ½С
ǣüľʵԼȷʵһ˲䱻ŭҪֱӳȥӲա
ڼı꣬ڼʤͷӡ
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Ȼ֪ûоȻѹӢּΣС
Ҫ֪ѹӢֻףԵģ߽׵ĺ԰
ıģӵôٿرֲ϶ЩֲԼǹÿξҪȾʱ򣬾ֲռ䵲ǰ棬Լٳû
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ϢҲǶԼ˵˼άơڣľʵΪѾȾĳһꡰҪֲеԼء
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ֻҪȾûнɱͿƣͿһɵЩɥʬռ䡣
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ľʵˣҲ˲һֱӿʼ߶Աͬʱľˣ͸顣
һԭȻĴ򶷣ͻȻת󲿷߽嶼Ͷռ
ֻܶԿǾᣬͱľʵԵԲ졣ʹһףƻռٶɱȱľʵҪ졣ټɥʬ߱ҲܵضԿľʵʴƱøӸ
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˳ռٶȾȻȱľʵƵ˻Ҫߴ縶һ߽ɥʬܿռҪӣôľʵҪ߽ɥʬȫķɥʬľˣҪӡ
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һø꾧֮ǰɥʬռ䣬Ȼܵȡʣһ㾭ľˣա
ʱıľʵ˵ᾧ˾飬߶·Ա
ˣһЩɥʬڱľʵողӵļ϶ǰɵ
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һžˣռѾضȾһӣѾ˼ޡ
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ԣǾͻһս֮С
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113 
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תͷգۼ䡣
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޴ڳ⣬;ԴȾһ븶ԭ׵ĿռΪһ塣
ܸоԼޱƽǸ㣬ܸоԼͲôһ߾飬ǡôһߣƾʹͣס
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ɣɫףȴּܵؼӴȣԥʲôֻҪ㻹һҶܻȥ죡Ҫ˼ǣ
ָ΢ԽԽֲҲʲô׷֦Ҷڸϡӵİ׹Ҳڲͣ˸ǰε͹ʱο鸶
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лǰոջüҵ˷׷׵ڵϣϸɫ汩
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ֻ֪Щܹܸ֮ˡÿһӶڳײռĽޣֻҪĳһ㣬ռͻ֮ǰٵĿռһʹ顣


114 
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֪еΪܳɹϸĿռ䣬˺ܶ๦Σо޴ｨ衣˽Ӧһ׼˺ܶСôԼεġ
ǲ֪Щ޷ȷ֪ЩʵҪΪѡΪ԰һԱЩǡӦԡ
ڣܵϿѧҵ룬Ǵͨ˸ζε֪ˡ㹻ϵʱֱӷӦռʹϣ˴ṩ
ܴϿѧҵϵõһְ͵ԴȰߵĸο
ǣԼֶһ˵ʱ򣬸Щԥ˵ԼķֺͲ²⣺㣬Ӧܳɹӵġ
۾һҪԣ
ֹæҪҲʲô
Ͳˣ㡭
ͣͷ۵ֹˣ˵꣬ôġ
ɣ껣˯ŴӿռѣӽʵӦΪˣұضȾԵʡ
Ͽѧڿռ˯ҲΪߵͷ;ƿݣҪʱָ
ͺֹһʮ꣬ûûʹֵ׳꣬ӵ̬֣عԼʵ塣
ǻʵһĶҪ
ٿܣԶԸһʵ𣿡
ڶı壬ҪǶϵһػʹڷӵʹҲʹһܿ˿ھͻֹסȻԼҲѸϵ³
ĥĥеԥԼjiojioѸϵڸʾ⸶ԡ
ʹܵʱ㲻ҪһָĿơʱսռ䣬뿴ܲܲٿһӻ塣
ܵҶƬʾԼס
һӲˣ
ʲô˼ǾۣѪƤ𣿣
ǣѪĶⱦ䣡
žһ£ƿԼȥøʵ顣
ֹ
ɣ껣ǾͶɡĸϵ֣ԡ
ͷ԰
ʵνʱſռλϿѧңܵˣа˳ɵİղʧܡ
ܵͷ⣺Ǿ㡣׼𣿡
׳һĸϵ˰ڣʾԼOK
֣ɫסĸϵ
һȥȥ˰ڣְ˰ڡ
񣬳һĸоûѵ԰ûʼʹܣ
ء԰
ԭЩ˲ˡ
ǿ
̶ָһظ˲ڶϵĻҺɫӾǷŴͼƬ˿ص㣬һ
ˣɣ껡ֹˣܡӻöö̶ֲˣ׷״չأҪĸϵǲǱˡɳ
ⶶ˶ԾְѸ̬ӣȴ䲻ˡ
ɵõأѿġĿ⡱Ͷ򸶶
ҶٴʹܡһΣӵķ϶øˡץץȥȻİһץץ˳
ЩȻܱӰ죬лعԭӡûиǻָԭ״ĵһһʼĸģ
ԭӻǿеģԾֲʵ顣
һ£ֹ˺ܶࡣ
ķŵһ룬˵ҵأǶģԣ
ֹһͿȣ֪뵽ʲôһۡ
طȷʵôҪ
ǰҵֱ԰ɣֱ۽ʵʵĿռ䲻ġ١
ֹʲô˼˵
ۼҪ֣⻹ôٶ˵ķչϽֹöɣͺáȻط٣Ӧܸо㲻ͬĵط
Ҳǡ
ûپشŶͷbattleصȸܡ
ǣ磬һһĳ£ʵ塰ഺӻֹ󡣶ЩֲҲҪһֱӣҪԼҲϲҪԭ壬Ǻ޲úһӻĴڡ
ȻѾֲӻˣҲ׷ѹȥṹ飬ģϵʵ飬ֲӻľֲ˿Է򲹺Ϳǻ
ǣֲѽѽءȻ˵
԰˺ܶĹģܶ˺֮鿴˳µ˽˺԰·ֵܵԡ
ܿ죬԰˵ΪϢըˡ
˭أ˭ഺפأ
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£ڵɭСǰ֡
ЩǸȫصѣûǣһһ˫϶ȡ
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һҪоѧϰµļϰ࣬Կµѡ
ҲҪֲоܴͬ淨ͬʱڴһְС¶ǣҲڻͷӵıӳУµߣлӵ̬ԶԶĵȥ
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