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1 
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Ҷʱ߹˸Ƿֻɽưܵúܣɹ˾ȣǹƵkҲӲʲô
ԣԣúӶ˶һĺϣСӣǲҪȫұɽǨŭ⣿
ɽ·УҪȥɡ
ҳѾ׼ŴԣҪȥɽݣ۷
ɣɽңɱ˴ͣΪϡ
ȥ
ãɽѣӹǻߵöġ
ִ֣Ȱ˵ֻۿõĹƷӣһ·ɽȥ
Сɽɽ·ѣûʯףΪ߳·죬꣬ŢУһСľͻɽȥ
һ·ͣͣ˾ʯЪһᣬȿȪˮԼĪʱԶԶɽ
ּ˰ʱߵʹڵִɽ
˲飬̧ͷǰȻöӵĻҲȫǺ˵
ư
л˵
飺ˡ


4 
˵лҳٵһ·ɽ
鶼ɽͼ￴
һŶȶһ߿Ұȵö˯ˡмΣ޲سɴֱӰ
ʵ̫ɽʱ¶
ӪظУǽŵĵһ
ҹ峤ݺŻһֻ޶˷ܣǺܾûôȤˡ
ûģĵӣβ̵ϸߣɽСҲû뵽Ⱥ˴˰ССһǣûϢعĿ޵ˡ
ӣĵ˵¶ڡ
ƻɹˣҲҵĹ͡ȻͷĹƷ÷һݶò䵽ߡ
˵˵ڴӦ
ֻúȽֻһ־죬ԳϲشɽϣƾںȾƣϲɣһתͷɵûӰ
׷ʣ´ʲôʱһΣ»ҪǸҺ뿴ʲô顭
Ǻǣֻµʱĳޱɺ⣬Ķ
ĳһÿζᱻɹŭȥһСҵţſڵϣ⻬Ƭ۶ûһ˿
ǰѻԼ۵ùǺëҷɣ鱻÷ʤһһøȥСԺ
ڴڴɽͼһῴɽĽȣһѻе𴦣Χճ
·ֵȤ񿴵һе⴦ֵũҵƵеǴ帾İԣƵлм䡭ͻȻлһڣһһŮ§һֱǰһλ

յģӰ಻ãǹӰ˵ĸ
죬ʵûۿžһصɽͼ
Ҳʵ̫ģΪ⣬֪ſڹƷ˯ˡ
֪˯˶ãֱѣѣͷҪɽ
Ͻ˲ˮϽʩչ˳صëɾȻæ㵽档
õһ룬˴ڡ
һڣط濴żª浹Ǹɾ࣬Ǳɨӡ
ɽΧֻһ䣬˶֪ɽɽǰɨ
񼣣Ȼ񼣰
羴ߵǰذӰڷڹƷϣϹ£˫ۣ˫ֺʮɽϣ侪ʵǲ⣬ЯƷΰݣɽϢŭ
˵ͣ˼Ϣֻۣǰޱ仯ϵı黹Щ͡
ѹ˵ͻȻҵأǺԵɣ
ɫһݣæˣɽ֪Ѷԭסڲ齭԰˷ݳǸĴ䣬ֱǰϮ˷ݳǣ˷ݳǳԹ˲ϾǣϷءΪ˶ޣֻ֮þٴǨ;˴ɽˮ㣬ľڴ˵ذ仧
δ룬ɽϽĵؽ磬ʵǲɽ￴޼ҿɹķݶϣĹǰɣѾڴ˲֣˲ݷ˴꣬ЩѸߣʵپˡ
ҲеĵطΪʲôɽڲǡ
ϽԼҲ޴ƽϣ˭֪ǽɱɽҰޣǵұԹɱŸһ档
ԭǴǵɽ﷢ŭίæͣǵæߵֲ࣬δճɡǴũΪԵĽˣɽڶֻ࣬żһֻ伢ûɱ
޴˲죬֤ôǴԡ
ֻҪͺã˽ǳء
Ҳɶ£Ҳֻ̫ˣɽеҰ洦ɼ٣ôһһѱȥСɽҪĽɽˡ
ǲԸţʳҲǱԣԱɱһأӽ֮԰ɽΪ磬ֻɽ²ԣ֮Ϊɱڴ˰ңΥɽ
û뵽ɽԸֳһǲԣ¸м㣬һݣߵлɽȥԼ񣬾޴徻
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һ㶣ͳˣ
ʾѡһʧܡ
ѡȺಢչһͽؾ+289ˡ
عѿţʱϵͳѡ鿴
񡰲֮͡äX2
ѡѡͬʱƽϢ޵ŭһֻӣϵͳж񣬻⽱ɳس鿨X1
ɳعѿţʱϵͳѡ鿴
һϵͳʾƵرĳ黹ûüϸֻһӡ
ӵڣһɫǱӨӨģһֵɫ
ϵͳʾäУһδ֪ӣмֳϡֲпֻͨũջʲôֳֻ֪
л˵
ǰŷŹƬСϣԼԤġҹݺȤСȥרղذ
飺
ȥμӸ質ѡ㡣
ûѡܵȴˡ
֮£֡
ͨ˹ͬѵֻǰѷȦ
ƯŮ˶һ٣Ȼֺҵͺˡ
poһĳֶѡͨѡѡͼ
һٱ˻һʺţ
һ־ͬϵĻ飬ʱĥŶӣ齨һֶ̨֧ӣǰֶͬѡա
ֱɹɱ졣
跢ȦƯŮ˲һ٣ҵ١

ڽֶǹֶӣҲΨһһ֧˹ַ˿˿ֶӡ
ȥ˹ʼնǱһˡ
ʮ꣬һ޷ƵĵsoloΪ½ֶӾġǰ˽ɸɾഫGayҥԴδƽϢ
ĳһ죬罻ƽ̨ɹһƬ׷ڱʮĹ
Ƭϣǹǽб־ԴࡰkingֺһֻŮʮָۣƵ¶Խۡ
˿⣬׷ײ²⵽˭ѿеʯͷȥ־ĳֶӵŮ
˿ŮX˹֣CPҿˣ
ٺǰȥ󸴺ϡ
˻ϵ¶Խ䣺»ˣż񡣡
ǰѣ
½ֶXҡ˹
ھ;̨ŮX̨̨׵ϵ


5 
ʵʵعݣȻӴɳǰ
ȥúò֡
ѹ͵ɤڵڵ仹л죬ׯϡ
ϲ⣬æƵİлɽʹ͡
Ҳûʲôӣ͵ģ϶Ǻö
+10㡿
תۼĹ͸˶ʮ⣬ϲǰ;
Ȼ뵽һ£ʣ˵ΪϮŰǨˣЩǴӺζ
޺һҪԵʱĳŻγһֻôޣѲƾմӵðģ
һᵽޣЦ񱻶һ㣬תΪЦ˵ɽ񣬲Ҳ֪ЩǴӺζİݳǵһռǳأű˷ݡһ·˵ƺΪѡ
ѣ
˵ʼİݳǸѿ϶Ƿ϶ԽԽֱޡİݳʧغǵ˷ţŶ˳Ԯֻӻ޹ǵٶȣȴֹ˵ѵٶȡ˶˵˷ݳҪ꣬Ϊӵ޾
˵ŨŨη塣
ɽǱһصɣ뿪Լأ鲻֪޵Ҳ
СɽȻ˷ݽһ֮ȴܰȫǧ֮Ĳ齭һȻǵͨˮȰǺȱˡ
Ҳѡڴ˴ҵԭ
ãǴӵðġ
ҧָΪֻҪĸͺãզ޲أ
İݳǺ˷ݳǡ
ǵطɽϽϴεĵɾۻϣɽΪҰýһֱһȲྣû˵ʲôѺް
ˣԭһ˯ٶ꣬Էܶˡ
ʱñȫѿ5G˵ʱҲŴͨ
ˣңԶڵҪĿǷչ˼Сɽ
иߵĶţֲֵΪСɽ񣬳ȥӢۡ
Ҫ۶ԸޣЩ߲רҵġ
֮ǰԭļ͵֪⣬ҲߣҲдƾõĸš
ɴ󶼾ס磬Ұ˽ͳΪɣײ㣬ˣЩҲбʵ
ķֻг仯֮⼸֣ɱСı仯֮ɵı־
ҪУҪҼֲ̫ãɶ÷ɶá߻๥Ҳ廨ţȴղ֮ı仯֮һָͿ׽һ߱ܡ
ǽ׼ѹơ
ȻҲɣ̣ҪΪɣҪ߹ǧյĵݡÿŻήһεݣʱɵĻᶼûС
ͨȻЩߣɵľͬն
ȥ˽룬λָֻ˷֮ɽˣҪôˣǧǰļһսսҶ׷ֻһ˾Ͱħ򴩡
Ӧ˵˽ѵ£ֻĮİˡ
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黹ɽҲʶֻʻ˶
йϵͳһ¹ܡ
ȴ壬оޡز塣
򿪺ʾ289μ¼ǵϢԼ˼ʹϵ
ϢǴͬ峤20Ϊ޹ϵ硢ӭΪӸŮϵ˼ʹϵдţڴܸߣͬǶΪԼѵĴ峤ѡ
ⷭ˼ϢпҲ̫꾡˰ɡ˭˭ǰһμܣ˭ǽͷ͵˭ϱϴ趼¼һί趼δյһϡ
ϵͳҲ̫ţˡ
鴩Խһο
ϵͳΪɽϵͳĻܣţ
ðɣʶ̫١
壬¼СɽֻޣɽáͽԳ
Ƶ·ԿǵĺøжȣֱΪ69㡢90㡢7865㡣
ƽʱĺøжȵߣȻ90㡣Ա߻һСֱעøжȵ90Ϊ꣬ء
ɽΪ¿20øУȻ10㣬鱾ΪֻӦǻͣ͵ľȻԳ塣
Ҳûر⣬ԳӾһˣûرҲѽ͡
زɴ򿪺ǿյģǸѹ֪ɶ
Ȼһò֪ʲôʱӽ˳ĵļϡ
ʲôأҵĹƷأ
һָƷϵĲӣǶء
һæȥӸǣԴ˽ȥ
ֵòӶûˣ֪ԡ
ûŲ鿴˵һ¹ܡɳء
ڴ򿪵ɳصһ˲䣬ǰһȫϢĻӰͬɽͼˮīһ㣬ȡ֮һټӵľӡ
ӿͨӳȫĵӰǵӰʵģӣһˮأʱʱвϼʡ
ϵͳϲ㷢˱ϵͳţĹܣΪ鿨أֻҪָһ㣬ʲô漣пܷ
һ꣺100/Ρ
飺499/5Ρ
ǰӵʣ鿨1Ρ
ͱһ㣿ϵͳˡ
һλᣬȻǿ20ֻܿˡ
Լʳָ˴Ȼ澵ӡڴʱеָһůֻЩʵĲⶼָۣԽԽֱ࣬âʢ
֮󣬹âָ⴦һſƣƵıԵŵɫ
л˵


6 
Բۣɫ˵
ż˫֣Ҳתŷһ죿
췭תϻһݴŮˣﱧһ˯Ӥ
ϲ
ЧʹúʹǰؾĻм50%ʱ¡

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ϼҴڷѾǰ˰Ϸò׳õ⽱͸ô
Ϊʲôǽɫ˵
˻
أûϵͳҲ
ϵͳ˿ȻڽƷʿﲻǿʱڿ񿨣ɽĹ࣬ķԷܣ׳˿һǿı־
ȫϵͳĹ˿ںҪЩ޳󣬻ƻ˶˺
ŲҪײҪԭǽս
ʵʵ˵ɳعȷʵţȻԳ鵽ɵҳʱ仹ܳ
ٳһκζû㣬㲻ʵعص˵ɳؽ档
תͷһûڹƷϣһҰ˱һ˼ضꡣ
֣ôԣ
ô¿ڡ
⻹룿
龶ֱǰһӣ͵ߡյĵһݹƷһҪúƷ
һҧ£ݲ㱻ɡ
tuiզôӲ?
ɴ۾Ұ˱ĥɣ
ԣ˵Ҫô¿ڡ
תŷĴȱ˸СӡѰѰ٣˽µŹƷ߸߾Ұ˱ӱԵͼһ㣬Ұ˱һ롣
ꡪ
ʲôѿϲؿıӣȴҰ˱رóһѷ졣
ۣҵ̴ľɵ񻨹
ȥѺ۵ǿ޺ӵĶˡ
׻ü˻æòõҰ˱ŵĨͣܵ÷ɿ졣
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밲ĳһǳҪҪ
࣬ųµĴЩܹͣôЩˣ̧ͷͷģʲô춯صĴ£ܳԱǶĴˣũǵĴ¡
ҽȥɽɽݼɽɽڴ˵ضӣɱɽҰޣв
䣬µĴ궯
ļٵģסɽҰ룬ɽ񣿡
峤ô˵ˣǿ϶ˣô죬ŭɽҪµġ
ɽǺ̬ȰҪҲûʲôõóֵѽ
˸ƣģѳĹɽɽͬڴ˾סǰ԰ɽһΪޣԽߴԡ
Ժֻڰɽ²ԣ
Ҳܱȱ˺ãɽѾʴˡ
峤ô˵Ҷ׷һ
Ψһгɵ峤˵ԣҳƽԻصҰ࣬⣬ܲܲôҸźɣһɽ˵ǣ׼Ҵԣʲô˼
˵Ӻ£ͷߣǳһ룬ھϢ￴λ峤ǡ
˵ˣȻɽּ⣬ΪƫƫֻһˣɽǼɽҲûȥãɽסģĪʹˣ˸ɽ
ǵʣеҲ˵ɻ
Ʒʵ˺šٴǨһ·ǧ࣬˲ʹˣǹżһٱһٵӣһɽǣҲǲܡ
ӻͳһչʾ˿
ɽ͸ҵģҺúò֣ϸƣ룬ȷд¡
֪ǺƷֵӡ
ϡഫֻһһӨϣȷʵƷ
Ƕʱ죬֨ˡ
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ɽǵûҵȣӣӦж£˭ǲɽ֮Խ粶ԣǶɽ񲻾һϳȥ

ԺŴӣһСľ壬ľŹô
һԵĲݵϣùĹĵģҲԵóԱ߷һֻ룬װˮҵ˳ķˡˮٳԡ
аôѳԵĹƷûѽ
ľѿʵûõ䡣ûòлʳŪԼϻرңԼԵҲֱ
ǿζɡ
һӺ´ӣԼĽǲˣϸܿƵĺۼ
ʵҲԶ֣ʩǣԼԷļһɽ档۷޺ùȻ࿴ʲôëԼǱŤֱֻӵİ취ϰ޺á
ͷ׾ݣɣ첹ꡣ
Դ+1
Դ־Ϊͽ
ţ+1
ţΪͽ
+1
Ϊͽ

һӼʮֵһͷˮʲô״ɶҲûɰ
æٻɽͼ˼㿴ڴͷݽһĻ
еϲ˼룬о
ٶôʮ㰡
öѿۣɿô쵼
ζؿ˻Ϸȴɢ˺󣬰ѹͻȥɽ̶˸衣
ɽ̶Ҳ֪Ǹʲô죬ðˮůʮ̹
̶ǰլԺǶ£õĻΧľˮɽıһ𣬺䶼㡣
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һˮˮһ߮Ǵ׳һ̶оˮλһ硣
ŵվǳˮһµԼë
Ǵһ
۾гһߡ
ҲСˣ̶֡ôʮֻҲ´ࡣ
ҶܱȪ⣬ͻҲѵõûж졣
ϰϰɽʱȪʱŨʱɢ
Ȼ۾Ͷ䣬һ󣺡ʲô𣿡
а˵
䣺
ԡ
˵֡
ȷû˵ЩлĻ˵ѾȰ˴񲻻ȥԣ˵Ѿ⿪һͻȥ
ϵͳ
ϵͳǻȷں˵˹ΪԸĬΪ򿪡򿪺ؾǶԸӳʱرա
壬Ȼ·۵ĵطижĽɫͼꡣ
ϵͳʾĿǰصȼΪ1ÿҪԸ񣬷ή;
һΣҲѡ
ֻ꣬Ըû˶
Ѿſˮ̶˯ˡ
ֹһᣬٶȴһңԶСӡ
ɽϣ֪ܲҵҽ峤˵ǵıֻҪĵɽԸɽͻԸ
æ֧˶䡣
ϣɽܱҡ
СʲôΰԸ޷ҪϡС֮ࡣ
鰵ΪһԸͽʲôԸ㡣
Ĵ󵨵˵ɣСɰ
ֻǵͯ˶٣Ͽּᶨ
ϣɽܱҲ򴲣



2 
ϵͳһԸôС򴲡С+50ʻС⹩Ʒ
ͷߣ˫ַ
ʲôģʵڲҵΧ֮ڰ
ݣҲû˼ˣˮ̶վʪ½ĳߣɫķ˿ʪ֮˳ѩ׵Ǻͼͷ
ִ˸ָϵˮ˲ɢһ߳ߣһոµıȹԻϡ
ŶƤƽţеƮˮϡ
ͷҲأţȥĥĥ
ĥʲô
ôС򴲡

Ǿһʺš
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ڴڼ䣬յԸ
ԴҪһ³ͷһֻµĸţӣԸȬʷ㻳СࡣǼÿ춼Ҫ߶һҲԸⴵʺƨ
ͷĸýͷѰֱɷĸɽﵽǳβҰ׽һֻǡ
ô͸Դأسɴļܣȴʱһ㣬͵ǱȥףѣױǷ֡
ͻе⡭һһҽѧѧˡ
ӵЩԸʱ鵱ʱǱġ
ĺ˲ƵЩԱߣǵĶŭ𣬾ͲЩܼԸ𰡣ɽֲǶ߆AΣⲻΪô
ʱȥһ룬ҵһҲûɣȥǽе36ֵҲ
һпյ¡
ͨ۲񣬷ִ󲿷ִԵöӲҪҰ˱ģҲǰӵĿǶĥɷۣȻڸӲţƾôġ
⻹ǻʳõ˼ңЩҰ˱ԲϣÿտҰҰӳ伢һʱϵͳָµ
µʳΪ졿
Բûɻ˸ǻӰ콡ΪɽӦʳ⡣ڣɹؾԱũ
X1ݡ
ϵͳҸûũ
ϵͳĿǰһǡĿǰٶȣũҪܳɡ
ꣿʧˡ
ϵͳҪ^-^

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֪Ϊ͸˻ȥ£ֻðһѿ
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Ů⣬ǴΨһʶͨīˣƽﴦĴС񣬿֮㿴飬ũϸɡ
죬ϻȥʩʽˮϣҵӻȥҹֹճѿҰƻŶֱȥ
ҲӽĻᡣ
Ϊһµįɽ߷µĶҲֻֻˡͻֻң¸˰顣
鶯۾͸Ų⣺ǰº򽻵ôǸӣǰʵԸ
ⲻͨҪСɽٲʢǵҪȺ
ŹҲŬǱϵͳƵģڿ۵㣬ΪԺܹϵĺӣɽ亣ζ¶
ȻֱӺʹ͹ƷҹϻΪ˳ǿܰѵҰ˱ȥһ̴ľĹƷ˵ȥʵڶɵ档
Ҳûʲôõİ취ҪȥԳ壿
Ҳô򽻵Դϻ㱻ԵĴһ඼ˡ
Գϰ߶û¾ϲϻơǰ˵µľƲ֪ĸ͵ˣѰµĵطؾơ
һʱỹҲֻٻɽͼѰԳ֮
ϸһȦԳûҵڰɽһŹĸߴɽ֮䡣
һᴩ۵˰̣رñϣǵĳӣƺ
鿴ŶһڴԵһ󵨵뷨ð˳

չ㣬͸ިܼҶƬʵĲݵ¹ߣľӳУһֻڵͷʳ
ֳֹؿŵײɵĲݴ
ɵȫȻδΣڿ
𳤹ýʣ׼Ѩұ¡Ż˺ӵһһڵȴһʵʱ
ȻʱԶһʯسɴͨƾճ֣ʱһûעȵһ֦
ϸ΢Ķӣ̧ͷѭÿٹˣʱŵȾܡ
ϵɿңһ֧ƿնΪʱֻӵĺȡӰһת˲ʹܽһ
ӱкȣ϶ܲԶ˳ѪҵһΪһǽ׶ǧΥɽ
ս˳ʵؿķվû׷ȥ
תؿľʯ˭
û˻Ӧ
ȴٶȴ֦ѵ΢죬Ƕصֲ̫СĲȵ
һ·ɣּ䷢Ӱһ֦ͷͿ⸱˽ŵĻ档
Ŀ׷Ǹùˣûģ󲽳ķȥæһ䣬鱨Ŷ
ʱҲ谭ߵӲݣ;ʯĿԡ
סˡ
ǰվһԼСŮӤʵϻ˵ģͷϵֻСɢһ·֦ƣЬ˸¶дĽֺ
һ˫Բ۾ش
ΪԵĴҰޣʵû뵽ǸŮޡ
˴۵СۣһȺΡ
δЩʲôĨᣬصһ޳
ڡˣ磬·ˣܴһؼ𣿡
һޣȾøˣίǡô¶˼ּϲ
ѹջüʣôܵɽ
ҵļɽһߣָңңָСɽԵһɽ壬ҺͰɢˣ˺üɽ·ŵ
˶ֺſǻС󣺡磬ܴһؼ𣿡
򴽣ͷ˫ĥ˵ĲЬת£¶ĺ󱳣ֱۣ
ԹԵȥ
ֱֹһ䣺ͦСһֻͦ

⣬ˡ
ı仯ֻܸ֮ıȴı䲻˱ʡ
Ҳ˵Ůӵء
ͷصԣ޷һӺһƻĲ࣬Ҳоֻ̫ñѰһЩ
Ϊ¶ڡ
ĬĬʩ˸Լһ㡣
ۿ鱻ߣóԴʲộԥ£ǸŶ˵Ӱȥ
᫵ɽ·ϣȽƽء
߼ϼʱҪɽ춼ˣҿˣȴشӺúϢһȥ
á
ԹԵӦĿľǸشӣŹ˵ɴɽһͷ
ƨõļЩѵûţͷһļ඼ǻɫļֻͨѩرۡ
سһ￴
ϵͳһƷʣαΪ̫Ӷ֣ɷβƳɣ˼ӯ磬̿ɴʮ䡣
顭
ǲǰë
Ťͷһڰиǣһ㶣̶ֻ۾Ҫ
ŵϽļ
ԭ֮ǰа˾
ǰֻ޵ˡ
ǲ֪Գǰ̳Ӿǲ͵ģ
ĵſıϣЩ֮ʣȻ˵ɽΪվҪɽ壬һŮͯĽҪһһҹ
컹ãҹҰ޲ǳûͷüͷʣԣ㵽ôģ
л˵
ãצݰݣλ·ĸֵܽãղ۰~


8 
û뵽ͷϸúܡ
һش˵ɽһɽ˯һϣһҲˣҲˣԲɽ
ֿ֮˵Լˡ
ǰ׾ڴɽСѰˣӲʲô¶ҪۼΪʵС
һɽѣô顣
ع˹͡
ˣҪͽԹԷɡ
ԼߣȴߵӲһ·˴ӿڡӺ󣬴Ǽ׷ͣĻƣָָۡ
㿴㿴СӴĶŮޣ
ĪǳСһˣ
ôܣСñץߣۿģ˵ȥô˻ܻ
ŮúܣһͲǴġ
Ҳʾؿȥ̫ԶҲЩߴߴ˵ʲô
ӶֱԼҵéԺӡ
ԼҶӴԹȻŮޣһ˶ɵˡ
ѹʰźãɽģ˵·ˡ
鰲վǶڵȴ˷Сӡ
ۺ룬˵ЩʲôͱϴϣүӣôСɽ·ǳ˲ٿ࣬СģҲ˰ɣʲô˵
˳źɤųﺰһ
̽ͷﻹһʲô£
Ůϴɾ·ŪԵĺȵġ
æӦˣ¹ǣ飬һ䣺ˣϸҩ
֪ˡ
֮ˮӣ˳Сãȡ׵ҩ˽ϵˮݣһʵСȹӸϡ
Сò󣬸պܴ·ȻЩ·ҲǿϧˡЦ˵
ͨɽͼ۲ǵճѾָƣ˿̼һֱ׽УһҲû⣬Цлл½㡣
ʰ޸ɾٶ߳ʱ׾ԲԲۣСŮ·򸾵ʱԭأһ㱡
ûסѿڶһ䣺񣿡
˵꣬ʶʲô۽ǷỨ͵͵̧Ĩ״̾˿§§ο
Щ⣬̧ͷ
֮һЦ֪ʲôأ
ҽ顣СѾͷػش
Сµ飬ﷺɬʱͷδڴСõľ·һģһķ٣µͺ͸ͷ
ĺ
ߵǰʹԴ漴߱һѲԹԵؿȥˡ
Щոõˡ

ʱ䣬ϰ˲ȡһ̳ɽһ̳ҰӣҰ˱һ˵ˡ
ſ룬ǡóֻӣ˵ϻܼӸ͡
ϸĵﵣвӣˮѱ˼ؽ˵ӻûճɵʱóģҧЩ
ʱҸĴѺľסɽɽЩҰҰӣվǶ֮ǰĴޣϦӣѾǺ࡭
Ұ˱Ҿ˵̣ͬʱҲڰοԼǵðնɽطͬһԴɽ֣Щ֮ˣһһ˼֮ס
԰գҧһҰ˱£ȴȥʱ彩סѸٵرͨ죬ϼ״ϰΪ󱳡
˳΢ز⣺Ѿͷɻǵԭסĸκ͵߶ģ
ֻǵסڹ壬ǰ׼õ˵ǣ˵ﲻȫ뿪˴ӣ˵ȥҳԵģɽҲûҵ죬ʣĸˣû취ֻܽɽǣ·һֱߵ
ԭĴǣϢ죬ȻῷɽȥѰһѰļˣϾ˭Ҷ˸ôѩƵŮ޶ż
Ȼ˵û뵽ġ
ɽδ飬Ѿ˵ӲȫеѰζˡҪôϮҪô˴ʣ˭뿪Լסأ
ڿðȻشӣܻΣա
Ǵ߶ɽԱ߲˽⣬û˵ʲô塣Ѿͷȷţҵ
ţлл
ɵͷϸʵؿıӡ̫ûʳˣĳʵܲɽҰӶĺ㡣
ϼʳסظвˡ
ʵǾ˽۹ҲļˣͰˣ˫¡
ֻǴҲԣԲҲůί⺢ӡ
Ŀǰ⺢ҰԵô㣬ҲǸġ
֪ǴӲ齭ķԹ˵ԼӱǾ޴ӿ֤
ҲڱģȷʵλСɽһׯһɽĹϽءһǧĲҶ㴼ζݳĲˮȪÿεĵɾۻϣλɽ񶼻ᴵԼɽͷж㣬黹ǵ֡
ϸҲܶԵϡ
ǱɽƢ̫ãҵ˹壬ɽҲ˽塣
Ϊ˳òܸȫˡ
ˣѾͷɽôߣôһ˷ģҲ뵽ǰɻ
ɽ˵һ飬˶һһ㶡
ֻɽ˯һͼȫô˵СѾͷżҵĳҲǿɽָһжɵּⰡ
Ϊʵͽָһɽΰ¡
+5
+5.
+3
ֻһ˺޹ס
صͷɷˣпǡһëΰ
л˵
飺ɹڲ


9 
극ӣҪȥҹĶȥ
鰵ˣæܹȥ˳䣺½㣬ܸһȥ𣿡
￴ɫѾȫȻˣϵˮݸҩһҹ·ٿ˿ôǺá
Ѿˣ½ٴȥòã
еʧû뵽ԼΪƭȡͬıˮݻΪ谭ﻳɣҲҪֻա
Ժеʱ䣬ؼһʱ
ûһᣬͻˡûжķ䣬ҺסһݡЩʱóһþ¸ĵСӣ̺˴
ϴɾ˱ѣҲ˯һ
¹ˮķ綼Ұصζ
ߴ˴գʣ½㣬˵Ϊ˶޲ӵģ޳ʲôӰ
ԭǸּլ˯˼꣬һ֪Ǵδޡ
޵ģ
컨壬һӾͱصǸجΰҹ
죬յ֪Ϯجģ˷ݳճţ˽ǡ֮£ֻúȫ롣˾ĻּС·ǣСðȺСӰյ涣ͬצͷ
ҵܵԣ뿪Ϥأ֪ȥδ
ųصֶظҹ·֪˭ʯӰˣվʱһԹֻи·˵ϮҲҪҹ壬޳ʲôӶûһڲƭأ
ԭڶǰߵǰӲ˻ȥţû㡣ʱ޴˷ݳԸ⿪ӭ㻹ЩԸ㣿
˼˵ʱͱ죬ɴ򲻹
ЩĴǣĻ󣬶ʱҲ˽ҵͷȻûޣ˷ݳǳŽģÿһᣬ߼ԦɽӴϷХҲġ
һж̫Ѱˡ
ҹɫҪЩֻͷ·ûһעЩߴѾ໢Ӱ
ȸоԾΧ̫ˣ֪ʱʧˣֻʾͣ£Ż̧ͷȥֻһۣǰľë
ֻΧ֦һֻֻͿȳӵĹѾǲΧԼĻܿǾȻһŮ٣ɫҰŤΨһ˫ī֭û۰ףȫضǣͬһζ⡣
δüھʾһ߿˻·սǰĽչ˫ʱȺȥ
ʱͱŵȽŷͯ͸˾Ĵ߾ٻƴӶͼЩ
ȴȫȻ棬ڰǰľݣѡһ㣬Ⱥлӡ
ͯζġ
һ˲䱻ڰ֣û巢ʲô̶ŵһȷ磬һգһֻצץ졣
ҡ޺ͬʱʮͯ°졣
Σ֮ʣһԾץס˹һֻצƤõذףݺݵĸʹÿҪƶĤ
Ĳҽֻ飬û뵽ЩСоȻ˸ҷ׷צŭع
ڰյ޴ؿڡ϶צѪۣЩŬ쳤ֱץסȻҪץסʱһֻ絶צץƫͷվûצݺ£صˤڵ
һɲ˺۹ᴩѪ鴮Ƶص䣬ǾĿ޺˷ѪɫȾ¹⡣
һҹץߣΪϹһֻۡ
󣬵һ仰δûܾСöʹޡֱ¶һĵ׵Ĵ̣һͻļµʡ
ιҴñǣ£ܰȫԶ޵ģġ
ϵͳؾһϵͼѸ£Ϣ鿴
ϵͳȻĳһʾĬĬۣװ˯ʵڲ鿴Ϣ
ֻŮһŮϢʾΪ꣬ǰ°ߣ
ЩǣΪʲôôҪϢϵͳ֮ǰûʾڲŲȫ
ϵͳϵͳֻܼ¼⵽﷢ĹºϢڽ֮ǰ£ҪӴˣϵͳܿȫϢ
Ҳǣϵͳ֪Ҳ̫BUGˣϵͳֱӿһͳ£Сɽء
ЩϢʱ˸Ĺۣԭϵǵ˰̾Ϊ˾Сñˡ溺ӣ
صϢ壬Ѿ˯ˣֻü仹΢΢ţ֪ǷμجΡ
ǸʮĹϸУȴĿñ°ߵĲ״룬Ҹطÿϴ£ԱůΪҸˡ
ָḧϸƣĬĬ˵
ҵأҾ˺㡣
Զᡣ
-
ûԼ˴ɽĸĿģڶ𴲣ȥ档
С̰棬ϵˮһҹ֮侹ȥ࣬䣬š
Դӵ·ѾʮϤֱӵũ﷽ȥÿ״򲻶ŴԣҹҶһޣʱӦڿũ
һҹҼ˸ŮͯϢѾӡһ·߹дЦеغк
ֱһȺܺ·
վס
һͯ·סȥ·СӡΪ׵Скûͷԣͦصز°ͳǸģ
ͷǰɡ
Ϊ׵СкظСϴһӸ磬ԺҾʹ죡
´ǺһЦֿʣƾʲôϴ󣿡
ƾԶСΪԺ˵漴˸ơԱߵСǸŸͣǣûǻӸÿԶأر
ǳ˳顣
ⶼʲôܺӣ
ȵȣСôô죿
˲ȻСǸԼ򴲵С
ػأЦҲϴ𣿡
Сʧɫ㡢˵˭˭򴲵ģ
һῴ࣬ġ
ЦãСӻβˣССͲѧãѧʲôǿϴ
С磬򴲰
Сǵͨ죺ҲûУϹ˵תͷ߳ŭķźݻ㡢ţ㲻ϴǾͲ棡
С
һʵǼӶʱèɢһһߺҵĹܰ
Сܵüʲôﹾص˳Ľűߡ
ͷ˳ּ


10 
һһֻľͷСϻû֣ɰġ
˳ִ˶
תһվ׾ţ۵ŵĺȦյץץЩҵͷЩСܵ죬ҪѣС
һ۾ϳĶ磬硣
գգۣҪǵʲô
һͿʶ˵ԺСѾͷͲ֪˰ɣͯɢѪǾѵҩӡ
غǺЦֲСһҪȡⲻǱ̬ɶ
Ŀ࣬ü䣬ϣһЩš
ǲǾǴСѾͷɲ˵ǰɣСոն챻˵ˡ
֣üëһ𣺡ˣССͲѧã»ؼһҪ˵ǡ
糹ױЦˣ㲻ССͣ˼ɡ
һţϽסͣѵݣ
˸ǷֱķСȥɣһҹˣҵûȥˡ
˿Զˡ
һܵҵũԱߣæʩʡ
СɽûУǵض࣬ǻ˵ؽ磬˭˾˭ġ
ϰӸһĶأÿ춨ʱˮʩʡũԶȥ鿴Щӵơ
ǿѾðѿӦǴɫӣĳֶ࣬ͷССķֲ棬ֻǿ̫ӣήҵԴ
һأѿûð
ѾͷСıЩճѿɽ͵ӣɲϼũԱߣ
ʣЩѿģ
̾˿Ҳʮֿ꣺ǰҲ֪ɽʲôֻ֣ܰķ֣ôͲء
ϵͳϵͳϵͳ⵽ô°⣿
ÿ춼ھأȱˮҲȱʣ˵óˡ
ϵͳϲĿǰäпĶֲ
ԡ
ϵͳֲͨũġ
ѹ֡
ûʲô취һ𣿡
ܷɣͿˡ
ϵͳϵͳ̳ǳֲۡŨȪȵߣλȣԽ⡣Ŀǰӵһ٣޷̳ǡ
ָͷ㣬˹׵13ܹ51㡭ԸԻõ50ֵǿȰԴԸɣ͹ˡ
鿴ɽͼʱԴþɻСȣ˹ȥֻΪ棬̫Զûȥܡ
㾾һ·ߵĹβͲݣһǸݱ𽥵س鳤Ӳһѳͷ״
Դũڲݶоñϣֱ߸ľɳͷĳͷѾ˺ܾã⣬ľҲɶһֱҪһµģǴڰ;ɥû˻ֻܽá
³ͷŵߵԴԱߣհѳͷԣԴ﷭˸ŵæسɴֳ
Ӱ̶ɽ֣һֵˣҪһֻµĸ
ĸûУҰɽСɽɶǡ
㶵תתͷһֻ׽ԵҰɽ
ûǸԵı£ֻ»ûҰͷûӰˣɷָһ㡣
ֻɽǰһĳӣͻȻ֮һ׳۾ߣɽŵø³򣬾ͱ۾߽زססܣá
ǰѺ޷֮ɽ׽ס۾±سӵ˵ϡɽͼ۲쵽ԺˣسɴļȴʱһץɽֱӴ͵Ժ
ʱȻԺﴫܵʲôţæ¹ǰȥ鿴
ԺһֻȫΨһһֻÿճл׼ֵǮĶˡ
һԺӱ߾ɵˣֻԺӵļȻһֻʷʵҰɽһȦվ룬Ѽԭֻŵ䲻Ҷ
ͬʱԴҲ˹ֱ߶ǰ³ͷһɻ
Ϊ˭ģȻȥ紵ˣһӰҲûС
ԴȻ뵽ǰɽԸ¶ϲ
Īɽˣ
ϵͳԴԸɣԴ+50
ϵͳԸɣ+50
ϵͳĿǰΪ151㣬̳ǹѿʱ鿴
ţ鶪ɽһ·СҵԺӣȵú˵ģҲֻ֪ɽܲҵĹ϶ԣĸɽҲµĸˡ
ˣһ߷ŻŲһٻϵͳ̳ǽ档һ̳ǣͱλֻۣĿʮࡣ
Сӣ滨ݣĵرճƷٵõĹؼҩཨͼֽϲԵʳߡ
̳˵ֲӣһҪ300ͨũӴʮ㵽ʮ㲻ȡ
֮ǰõäУۼ100һͨũҲäУ20һũäֻܳ鵽ͨũäǸʿֲӣζֲʻͣȻ׶˾ֳ֮ǰȫ֪ʲôֲ
ûƷֱϵͳոᵽߡ
ֲۣԴٽֲ10һһһĶءŨȪкܶ;һǽ԰ͨũñɿֲȪ100һƿҲһƿһĶء
ֻʱЧȪȴֱӸũһݣȥǸŨȪʣϧɬֻһһƿȪԼһۡ
һڣɫѽ磬ũҰ˱˳ȥԷӦţȻ˵Ĺ򣬴ӻͳСƿĸŨȪ㵹Ѿðѿǿ
漴ܵһũԣͳǴüªֽŵĴۣũ򿪶䣬ĩ׷ﻯ⣬ʱɢС
л˵
Ů仯ľԡ
򵥵˵һǲԴ޵УҪý飬ýһͷԡ԰ɻǰ˵һָ԰߱ܣԼİѳӱߣ޷ʯͷһˡΪʲôŮҪȥ׽һֻļΪûһֻµļŮı仯֮Ӧ
ԭ۷ҰɼȺҰζ߱ܺȻᱣ˼룬ʧЧͻָԭ״
Ůݲ޵Уߺ඼оѹƣ趨ϵϵžչ


11 
ǰϵͳ˵һĿɽʳֲҲ֪Ŀǣֻضˡ
һ˲˲ع۲Щ˸ŨȪСѿ
ƺ֮ǰһ㣬Ҷ̧ͷһߵũƺûʲôԵı仯
ϵͳʹֲҪʱ䣬ղܼЧ
ϵͳô˵ͷˣϸͲֽͿմƿһ˷־ͽͲˡ
飬ؼ
߹óǲ˲Ұһ죬㶼
ⲻΪ˹Ⱥ𣿿۵㲻ɶ
ס½֣ؼȥˡ
ŻǲĳҰӣȥԻδ飬ССڴܴʳοûմȵθ
չ⼫ãﶼҪ˯û˯ϰߣ죬ȰԼ˯ˡ
ŵشӴԺɹʲô
شս˿ֻһſŸӵСԲ״Сɫƫڣţйɵζ
磬ʲô
էɶϡ档
ɣ٣ûɣѣɹĥ飬ҩ
紽ߴЦ޳׾ָһţ΢΢ʹר˸
ԭѳ
ЩʶɹˣҲöģһŷ
״һϡüѵüһСӶҩĸȤƽʱЩѻ˶ӶضԶԶġ
СѾͷҸ˵ЩôأżأͨܣСˮȡй½Ҳ仰˵ԲƽʱʲôͣƵžͺãСء
ѵҵһҩĶ󣬿ʼɣҩĹЧ
ƶǶȻ׽һۡ
С򴲣
Ա£קק½ǣִԲ΢̵Ľëֺõ˵Ǹ磬ɣʲôٵģ𣿡
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δشȻŮֻͯһžͺá
飺==
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ˣΪС50ֵڹˡ
ųպá
Ҫɹɣٶ̺ú󣬴ӻóһСӣ̿дд涼ǻĸҩݣͼ·дϰԺ;
Сɽܹʮ֮ǰûֲܷҩԼҩС
ɽǱǱԽԽϲˡ
ϲӣü۷ظп
ϵͳؾ⼼ܣҽ
ţʲô¹ܣ
壬ϢһмдҽĽҲһ⼼ܣù
ϵͳؾ뽻ֽᷢ⼼ܣҲһ
ļӦʱģʱ̫ˣûע⡣
ԭŰӲѿ½ҸЩıˡסһ𣬲ܼʱ˽ϢԸ񣬼ʱտũԽ
ֱһ
Ȼڻ֪ЩʲôãȻϵͳصرע϶дôġ
ǾҶʱհɡ
ˡ
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ˡ
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ۿȥǽиɫԲβڳȥһ磬ɹһҩݣûע
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شΪСɽԺĳԶչһĳἺΪ޵
ߣҲŲ㣬ΪԳ壬ҲŲðΣء
Գ壿ôˣ
ΪȺ࣬Գ嶼ҪˣϿȥȳˡ
úֻŵģ˵һͷԽݶ֮󼪡
ȥĲ£Աߣ˵ѽԵе࣬ȥ
δӦŵ磬˲Ժš
̧ͷһֺۣЦСѾͷôԼһĴйûһͣġ
سɴɽʱԳһôԣű˫ʹ޲ѣΧߡ
ǿô֦Ҷïɴ׳Ҫֲܻˣ˿һƬǽ壬붼챻ױڳһ󶴣տյʲôҲûС
ҵľơõľưʮ̳ȫûˡءԳز𣬿ëĺӡ
鰲οóû˻Գ忴㡭
һΣ͵һΣػ˸صĵطСҵˣȥûиͷ
Գʹݺݵشؿڡ
ǻȦʺ£ζϢ
⸱龰鲻ҪʣҲ׷ʲô
ڣСɽΪҰһɫСӣҲڸɬ΢࣬еδ÷ζʮ㣬ղܡ
Գÿһڣռһʮ̳ȡոպʮ̳һ£Գ׼һ̳ʣ⸱龰ûιȥ
֪ĸûĸεСȻµľȫ͵ˣ
ʮ̳ȫڿˣһ̳Ҳû¡
Ҳ粻ڹ֮ʱ͵ߣʵڿɺޣɶ
ԳţѾǵڶα͵ˣСǸ߷һû£֮£ֻɽֹˡ
ͬʱһϵͳʾ
ϵͳӵ˭͵˺ơ
ԵŤǵµɥ˭͵˹¹Ϻؾһʱ̰Ÿıҵ͵Ƶˣûرĺơ
Գøж+20ýԳĶ䷽


12 
˭͵˺ƣ
ǻ˵϶ɽµĴɵġ
Գ壬СɽҲҲڶȾƵˡ
͵޵ľƺȣʵûƷ
Ҳĸ޶סɽΪ˲ǣѾ׼ȥɽϴԣû뵽ӣɽ͵ƺȡ
Գ˵ԳģһС㾾
ԳĨĨỨҵľơ
Ҳһһ
ԳƽЩһƨɸ֦ѾϣСɽԶķ羰˵ֻһЩëĺףмįӰ
Ҫæ𣿡طɹתת
׷ưʲôģžͺܴ̼
˱֤ʵҲ֪ôӺֱ֣ܷζվǰŵó𣿡
ζŵģûֻųӵϢ
࣬ζУζһţŮ֬ۺͺζϵζҲòȥ޵ζҲͬΨﲻһйҶһϵ㡣
ԣϲϲ
ԭָܰץ֣̫棬֪ǸˣҲǸϢ
ɽµĴٶˣռʵڲУֻܰķһŲˡ

׹ɽͷ߸һ㽫ҹԡ
Թ·ͷǵԺʱѵԼҶӣ˵ĶԻش˳
ҸֻСϻôˣ
СͷӦǽ·ʱˣô˵ᰤ֧֧س˸ѣǡҼǸСѾͷҵСϻˡ
û뵽ôһ˵ǸˣһСϣСӣ׳˸⣬Ů޸
ģҲСĵˣȥСţС
ŭûõĶᳶѣҲ֪Ǹ˭ѧģ
ˣÿٵһˣڷô𡣡һȰ͵СҪ־͹СѾͷ˵ʲôͼ۶
Բ߶˵ǲӽˮڼҼöҲȥһѾͷӼడԼͯϱ
̣ûһ߿ҵĴš
Ӽһ֧ʣۣŹಡһļ֧ĲʹɣҳڴϷһһһ
»ؽǵðѴʵˡ
Ӳ纮ɤ֧ļ麦¡
˶ʱҩ㣬
صԼԺӣһԵذڵϣ״üЦۣ÷ʵӣˣ
ﻶϲȥתȥһѿľͷȻһĥذס
ﶯذӲǰƤСĵذֳɿһһͷ㹻һ˳Ժüˡ
ӵȡС飬·ˮ죬ȻժҰһ¹ŵΣĻ졣
ʣµǸȹǣҲû˷ѣ⣬һ⯹
˳ŷƮԺ䣬·Ĵŵ۵ÿˮҪ
κμûĴԸ֣峤˴òԵһֻҰãĴֻ۰Ͱ͵Ľˡ
æһ飬ĥôץ͵˵£ҪɽͼӴͷʼһҼҵѰ顣ûаѾƴشӣǲɽǾͲˡ
Ͼһʮ̳Ӿƣ˴۵ΪܲǷ֡
·һ˼Ȼ˶Ǽ⣬ᵽһɼ˵㣬һ̧ͷҵԺﴶʱʲô¶ȴԺˣѾӾͱ˻

Ժ䣬վĥʯҲ֪ڸɿؽ磬ݣͱ߻ס
顪
عͷôˣ
¿˵Ҫ⡣
ǲǼСľ񣿡
ľ񣿺ô¡
ԼĶ󷭷ҷһҵֻľСϻ
˻Σ
ʱǿſɰԺСҪǣ˳ִ˶ᣬˡ
ô֪ģ
üͷͻȥ
ҳ극ȥǹų⣬ڻء
ھȥݷ˵
ῺٻЦƾǺ˵ĵ̣΢һ㣬ܰСſޡ
ɲĥĥվԭأȥ
С۸ɣŪľ񣬸ﻹͻţûӰ
űŤСѾͷ̾˿һ
ͷһй⻬΢һֻСɵľӡ
㲻Ϻã˵Ǳ׾·ĵطĥ⻬һľ̶¡ССһֻģ״СʱԹһͷ
ץСӣе㾪ȵؿ
ʯͷӲ˼еģҲҪУ˶ģЩ͹ȥ......


13 
С·ϣֻľСá
ߣô
Ųϲ֡
һ²ۣһ߰ȵСӴ
ǰӦþСļˣЩƣ˼Ҷͨ磬죬Ҳ֪ΪνŻʲôƵġ
Ժŵǳģֱ߽ȥš
Ŵ򿪣ǰһŲȹĸˣشʲô
ãСľ񡣡
ϻľó
һץľ񣬷ܣ֪ˣȥɡ
ĸӰĽǶ͸˵࣬պܿЩĿɨһ
Ҳ֪ǲۻݵĴ²˼ʲô̫ԲԲеǾ̳״
˻˸ƣסߣ𣿡
ûˣ١
һ䣬˱һŹϡ

治ò
һ·ܻȥ˷ܵ飬û뵽ţľջ

ҵڣճҰʷڸƸڹɹһָ߼ʳģִһڶҪηʶѷ磬Ұζ׵õʳ
ûзḻĵϣͻԭ֭ԭζҰ
ʱ֣ͬʱҲ˵ʱ䡣
ռ˿⣬δڣϱȣԵĿǣ֪ҺȻһֻҰ˵ƽ޹ʴϷģԴﲻڵ˯һߵĳͷͱոµˣˡ
ﱻ˺ģ£ʲôԵѽ
˵ǰնɽԸһֻϼԸҪһֻµĸԴѾɳͷû뵽Ȼȫʵˡ
񣺡ԭɽĻǴԸ
ҲȻԸͱȻɵĺ£Ҫĳ飬м̰ɷµط
һţ˵ʵֻ򵥵ԸĳϲϵģҲֱ治
ԵͣҲŸͣɽǸҮ
+1
+1
+1
ԸĺôÿһԸӰеĵλԴԸ񣬲һʱ䣬Ѿ½½ʮˡ
Դˣ֪µĴǣȻÿ˶ֻһ㣬ٳɶ
Ե˾Υ⣬ƽֵ鲻һ԰ء
ֵתͷһڷǰȴ֪Ʈ۷ſգӼеʲôʲô߶߶ҩ
ôһ԰
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һֻȵ⹻ȫ˳һٱ࣬СθСͱˣָʢ⯹ʳ
ŹĹĵθһ㡣
ԺһҪרŻؽЩʳĵԴ
Ա˷һʰװʣ½㣬Ǵ˻𣿡
ԩˣһԼľأ
ƵǲѣֻҪʳ˭Ҳûûˡ˵˳ְӹСรɡ
Ǳ㲻ˡ
ǵĴֻһ̳ĶǱ
ˣֻҪʱ̶ĶҵЩƣԳ㶨ˡ
֮죬ʱ̶ɽͼǵλã۲һһ
޵ʱϵͳˣʱ䣬ǵΪɽͼ3Dͷš
յĹ۲죬鷢Ǵˣǰѡóĸڹ͵쾡¡
˯ѣ𴲺Եժ;ӣȻȥԵعһȦƴڻţϹ鲻þͰѶСѵһ֮⣬ǱԹ࣬ûûζҲԲϣǰôֻӻΪ峤Ҳ֪ҷһ֣ǰڴͬʱ򣬼ţѼȺõĿࡣ
ֻһʣҲ峤֮λ
ڴµľ̳һҲûóЩɣǲŪˣǲǸվ̳Ӱɡ
ڵҹǳü˯İѾ̳Ӵ˳ʱ׼˯飬״Ҳæ
Ķе󣬺˯죬˸ּ˯ˡ
ֻǰѾ̳ķڽҿӻһСľϻӷϣȻȡһֻľ룬ѾƵ鷢ˣûľ룬ľȴƾʧ㣬ˮλһ㽵ֱͣײ
۾ȷԼû
¿ϣ߶ʲôֻһ̳Ӿƶ½պϵСľϻ߳ӣҹɫһ·س˴塣
ΪɽϾɽľ࣬ȽϷ㣬ȴû뵽˴Ӻ󣬾Ȼһ·ߡϷһ齭֧ɿһСϪ
ҲϪˮ䣬ȣôۏСϪôͷҲص˴ʱߵСɽı߽硣
ϾͲϽˣɽͼֻʾڵľطһŨǣ۲ⲻκζֻǺԥһͷɢС
Ҳ˯´ʲôôͷȰȡ
ԼĪһʱ֮ҡҡ׹Ƥ֮ʣڴˡײײرţƺڱʲô׷ϣҲ˲ÿűմʪشСϪ
ȴһֱؿڵƣƺʲôɫɽͼ͸ǲᱡĴֲԼĹâ֡
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14 
ʪ·һǱػصС
ŽرպãСشӻóõıֻóһ̣Ӷ䷢Ĺâˡ
һֻ״ԲĹӣư󣬾Ө͸Ƶģ貵ĹâתϵǻҪ
һͲǷ
δϵͳϵͳԶ˵
¹ʵֻӯ֮أҹ죬ʮһţ鵤ıرϡ
鵤˷ºмʿһ죬ΪߡϡУ󡣡
ʾ¹ʵҩɵҩʳã̷ֱΣա
ôõ˱ϪƬֲСɽأѱ޳ûôҰҹԴ룿Ǿƾô£
ðһʡ
ֻһ̰ؿţҲ֪ӾкãֻǸ
㾫о˰죬Ҳû̳ԣ漴¹ҳһ·ǷذȻ˴¡
һеǲŷ˯Ӵߣѣϲ¡
˼ؿţΪؾҵȱˣЩǡ౦ʵڲڷУһһʱ̰ֱӰѹˣǻġ
ǵ˽⣬ɽϹļԸ񣬾ǲġ
ϾСɽõģǵ˽вƲ
˼ȥҸ¹ʵ͵ΪãԺ취ɵҩٻһš
ǹӻᷢ⣬ʵ̫עĿˡ
ϵͳ̳ûнӿռ֮Ķ
ϵͳ𡣡

Ʋ˭ء
৵һϵͳһĻռ߶ʱָֿ֣ʽ񣬱һǧ㵽ʮȡ
鿴˿Լֲۺ͸ŨȪֵʣ41ˣټԸܵģܹҲ55㡣
ȷʵ𡭡
û˵ġֿ
䣬ֻ౦ȫʧֻһƾɵĽڹƯ
ɽ˵ƾɽңݾԶߣ־ɣĻ𣿴ռ1ƽ50
ˡ
㱻۳žણҵǰ
鵧˵Ļңע򿪽ңȻһ׵Ŀռ䣬ڶģ·ܲʱ١
粻ɣǸ˯ûзھȥ¹ʵ͵

һֻҰðǿյĴ̽ͷ̽ԵػһȦǷ޶˾˯ȣ漴˵ϣĽŵ
ı£һ۾ƼǱ·͵סᴦһϡ
ʵ΢仯ԽСĶĵҲԽ࣬ʵûжȥ򿪿ռҡ
ñʮˮ仯ŮͯҪˮ򿪽ҪˮʣµĻ´࣬ɱ仯ӾҪűˮά֣Ѿֲռҵˡ
ʹسɴ磬ҲҪ߶
֮£ֻȰ¹ʵ˵⣬ٻָԭ
Ϊ˱˷ܵշת඼ûг˯ò⣬Եɵ֮ʱȻ´һϸ΢O@졣
ԣ֧Ӱڴ¿ȥֻһֻ֪ҰûǻǵСޣյõıһſŲ
ǵʱŭͷһֻЬֱӳСȥ
鱻˴û뵽ôˣΣ֮£ֻɿŵĹʵسԱһԾ㿪Ь׵ϮȻȷһߣֱӴӴæߡ
СޱܣǸϽ´ãĵͷ£ô˯һ
ڶ죬ǰȥɻʱҲѹʵڻƬҲ
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ѣû˯ãϯ䣬Ͳ¶֡
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﷢üͷҲû£еʡ
ǡæҡͷ
Ѿͷģұóȥߣܲҵļˡ
飬⼸ûżҼ˵£һǼʳԴҪԣ˵ĴСɽ͹ľɽɽɽ֮仹һƬҪһһٲҪѽʮա
ңǰԻһͷӣǳãڳʱҼˡ
ûжʲôֻ˵лл
ûҲҵҪҳõشȥҪ޹һʵ¶ݡ
һԵ۲죬ȻսˣϵʣǸЧ𣿡
˿Ӷΰ¹ʵ͵ô˳̳ڵ¶ûͷԵһʣһʱûӦ
ЧãҲõģͻҲ꽥õġ˼Ů޼ҵӹ̣ᡣ
ΪΪ򴲲鲻á
֪ร͸ɣ٣ΪСԸõġ
ԴС֣
۾һƺ⡣
ҹٴν٣˶˯ˣ˳ҹ̽ǵļҡ
ֻεĿ겻͵¡
ϷҰãСķ䣬ӣĥɣٵСõУצȥ˽֮󼪡
СҹڿҹǰȡһһҰҰ죬žζе֡
κʵ̫СҲû£زϯϼ˯ˡ


15 
ڶ峿СԺۣ˸Ƿ
ϰԵù齱ߵĿ׼ϣȻо̫һɻƨµı죬ůûаʪ妣֮ģһ⡣
Сֱӱ
ұסˣû򴲣
С˷ܵش󺰴УƵܵ˵ǰչʾԼĿá
￴
һʼţؼһûڿϣʱ§סСԴжöˡ
ӳˡ
ԺҲϴСͼˡ
СԺﵽܣҲõıСǷ򴲵ˣˣǸӺˡ
֢ΪͻȻ֮ͺˣѵǰɽԸɽˣǽ¶
ԸһҪ߹ƷɻԸȻɻġ
СССҲ֪֮󣬳ȥũȥɽϲҰӣֻһ֮ʱµԺָڵϻ˸ȦȦȻ£˫ֺʮո˵
ллɽﱣκҵ֢ϲߣϣɽ¹Ʒ
СΪذԼľСϻڵϵԲȦͷ˰ݡ
һ΢紵ЩɳСۣȷȥٶʱľСϻԲȦ
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СеżɽﲻĹƷʹŲĻԸһɽﲻٱ֢ٷô죿
ôʵûʲôõóֵĹƷ
Сɵԭأһʱ֪Ǻá
һ߿ɽͼһ߷ԸСĻԸȥƭСȥ¹ʵ͵ԼǷǣܲԼĶӰɡ
δӦֻСͷȻ۾뵽ʲôܻӣһܶȳʱһСľϻ
ϳҹھԱߵֻСľϻ
ССľϻڵϣϿҵ˵ҵϲˣ׸ɽɽٲգҼҲʵòĹƷˡ
䣬Сľϻԭʧͬʱ
齫Сľϻ򿪣ֻȻһֻſſı棬еûǵţͷϳֻɰĴǣһſţ֪Ϣ˯㡣
ϵͳϲСԸС+50С⹩Ʒ
һּ亱档̵£Ⱦƣ̽⵽Բĵر
鿴Ľܺ˲⼸ǵΪ
ԭǿŵõǿ¹ʵ͵ԳľҲԼΪιӡ
գеľƲɣʵǰѾӺ˳ſھһѾƺȹˣΪĸͷʵ̫СûпΪƾʧġ
ƽιǱ޶ǣװľϻиСۣҪָסܵС򿪣Ҳ֪ľϻװʲôֻ֪ľϻ棬ֻΪǸͨе㾫µСľӶѡ
СƷʧ˷ܣֻɽ˹ƷһӦⲻ֪Ҫǵ֪Ʒ͸ɣֻ»õ졣
հ¹ʵЯȴѸҪľ˼УҲԼ⣬֥鶪ϡ
ĹƷŻɵֵСֻϣʱһ㡣
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Ҳ֪ܲ˵ϵͳȻ˵̽ѰĵرҸ׾١
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ڣ˯ԼͻȻʧһɵģҸȥɽصľơ
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תͷ˹ľԺ󣬾ֱܵǿŴ£鿴бĺۼӦþˡ
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飺ЩƶҪԳģܸȣǸ
쳤˴ǣϵĺԲģô˼ƭһĿ鱻Ŵʵڶò˼գȻ֮䣬Ǿ쵽ʲôǺȻתһٰʮȡ
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Сӣָķ롣˲ಽĴֱֱָϡ
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ʱĴȫװչ
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Բοĵ绰棬Сûпǵ֡


16 
ήҲľ֪ٲιƺȣǾΪˡ
̧ͷ˿ѣѽôߣǿ
ԣûҪ
ŲӰ£׼ָԭ編Ȼĺ
飿ôܵˡ
æ֣ŵóһ亹Ͳһ㣬Ҫ¶ˡ
ҡŶҿиѣ͵񵰳šָָһ档
̧ͷȻиѣ̫ˣ̫Σա
Ϊһ仰˵ǻȥɣϵı¨·ڵϣԽңš
ɵؿдšĿԣ磬ʵ̫㣬ҪҪɵ˶
֪ǣֵܶǳÿħǰ񲻹ϷɵģεģǶ뾡취Ū飬Ҳһġ
ôһ䡰硱СҪҪ㡣
ԭһչ˶漴˴
һʱ籧ɣ˫˫Ųãͷ۵յۣ˳飺ǲǿˣ
ˡ
ڵϣź͵벻ߵ磬ĵ˵쵽ˣ磬ȣǰӦ
ǻɡ
ʵǾƣϻòϣ˶ȷʺ
±ߣСӵ巴жವزȫȻǰĻ
ֻʮϢĶˡ̽ȥһֻҹݺеط
˻ֽҹݺܣﾲöɫ񵰣һֻץסɣһֻ쳤öȫ뻳С
ڴһöʱߴһϵͳʾ񡣾ڴ˿ֻ̣ҹݺȥݺݵԴ
ʹԴϡһûץȣֱֱ׹
ˣôߣҪˤ𵴡
ȻӭĲǾʹӲһůĻ
ʶ̶ֽǿĹֱҵڵأϽ𣬷æĴϵû°ɣҵ񵰡
Ｗ
ö˶˵زûˣϽ黳񵰣Ǳˤģеûһ
˿ʱҲһŲ㱻һߵһԹϱˤҲ񵰣ѾͷûţȻҿûȥｻˡ
оգŰ˴˼صŵĿյشڲҩĢ
ڲĢļ϶͵͵Ÿոջõһö񵰣ϸҲܿŵ񵰵ɫҪһ㡣
ղ֮Ի񣬾ΪһĵȻֻѰ񵰣ҲзӦ
ϵͳöͨҹݺһöҹݺ
ϵͳҹݺֻҹûһϡޣҲãö˹ľУһֻ·ҹݺԼĵλ
һδܾĵ޷ҹݺʳ֮ĿӾ࣬ںҹ
񵰳˾ȻںҹȷʵǸöûʲô̫ôʱ˴

һȥջķᣬ˰ҰĢһ¨ĻȲݡһصңױƵ񵰣ȥ
͵񵰣ժĢҪۿ¹ʳ
񵰡
Сİ񵰽ӹСɽúܸߣǰͬСͼСкȥ񵰣飬ˤûͷƨʹ
ǿɲ齾ͦظȻڴԽǰǸƽƽѧϰרҵҲΪ˾ҵѡƵڴԽÿԣũϼң⼼ܿǴСͻġ
ǰ⯹ǻʣһЩҰĢһ񵰱Ұһ˳񵰵ĸͷͺ䣬ƹСһȦö¹ֻ꣬ССһ
һԿţϵͳ
ϵͳؾµ⼼ܣ⿡
״򲻶Ұ˱ĢϻԻӳԵʣ°ֻɱԱʱ֮衣
ϣǷҰ˳ĵȫи飬ԼԲô࣬ÿ˶һЩûһԸԡ
Сǳʱ춼ˡ
ǼңԲ˯ã˵Щ񵰶ûģЩ˼ʳ
ΣͷһڳҹݺĿڸбȼɳȵࡣ¿еĳü˵ม
ộûзŶٴΰ֣Сݹȥ㳢
һ鳢һڣ㣬һҲ̰
һζ⣬ǳ
ְС˸ϣһڣ˵ѽζá
ƭǳԳء
ֱ̿ѣ򸾲ŻȻСʶƣ˵ʲôٳˡ
һĻüҲԾȾЦ⣬ĵѾͷŹɣʵġ
뵽һ£¿ӣ˵Ҵ̣СɽȥұĹľ壬ܷҵļˣ˵ǵø˵Ҫȥϱߵ֣ƺ޳û
մһ񣬲áԭ֮ǰһͷСɽҰʵ̫һ쵽紵ݶܣʱ˸Եص㣬ȥϱߵ֡
ƬŨ̫ҰЩһʱ䣬С͵壬ȵƻʱȥ鿴ȫƻǱĳִ޼̤
ȺǴֵ¾һС΢δ֪ﶼȻرֽ䱸ϱߵŨʮ췴ס˴꣬ҲûдƬ֡
м帾ڰȥΧЩҰˣðһԣȻ;޴ҰޣȻ֪Ҳв۵Ĵ֣ø׶ඣСЩû



17 
һڳͬʱǼһŹǺɹĳ档
С޺űͷܣֳľΧȦȦ
أˣҲء
֪ʲô𣿾ôȥϹɽôܼӣӳ类
ǽҺȥԼıôˣͷľϻӾȻɡżط䵹񣬼ĶˣҲľϻӰӡ
ȥѯӣҲ˵ûһС֧֧ģٸвŹһͨʣ֪ȻСӵɹƷɽˣ
ı棬ǻδСɽʱżȻõġȾƣһרŴźþƵľƽѡһ֣ƽľĪؼ٣ھƽԶ˺ü죬Ŵ͵ľơ
ʱһŰǳӲϸ룬־ǳ죬ûֵָĳӾȻһһ̳ľƣͻһû仯ֻǳӺƴ˸úͷĴֱ㶵ָȥĳط
ǰŴǵָʾȥѰȻڵڳһΣʱʶ͵Ƶı棬ֻѰ棡
һ̳ƾܻȡλãûбˡ
ӴˣͰֻƵعţʲôþƶȺȣǨСɽ˵ƣʳûóԣҲֻܸŰֱʵڶòУָɽкƵķλ͵ʮ̳ƻ
ܹͰѰرôûˣʹҪǱԼĶӸӵģˡ
С⧲һʹᣬίشޣɽĹƷɲܳɽסǴԣɽҰҰκҵ򴲣˿ţСľϻҲϸ
Сֵʮ׵ҷۡ
ҿţ㶮ƨ
ƨСѶӻֿ֣˻û㱾£Ǳͷۣѹһֱ̾
Ҳ©鷳£޶ֳɴ˿ɼ亱УҲ졣
˰ˣҲûǸȥҪ
иû¹ʵȻ÷ԼҲȫվһȦȻܵ¯ǰƨſڵϣ̿Ҷѹʵա

ҹš
ԳϺ˯ʹسɴ£ҡҡµβͼѡ
Գ壬ԳѣҰľһ
Գһơ֣Ĵƣҵľƣأأ
򿪽ңѾ̳һſҵʱѾõһ̳ʣµĶˡ
ԳȻһ˾̳§ž̳ж᣺ҵӣһˡ
һ̳ƣཹཱུͷȹ⣬̶̳δľƣҡ飬治֪ôлˣ̳Ӿȥ˵꣬һ
ϵͳX2
鱾ҲԳҪһ̳ƣԺιʳԳ嵹ˬֱ͸̳
ԳİɣԺ󲻻͵ľˡ˵
ҵԳصľƣΪо·û˾ҵ
Գ̾˿תͳһɵƲݸȥǸ͵ҵľƣҲΪ֪ƣǶˣҲҵˣƵķӾһ͸ɡ
ϵͳϲ˭͵˺ƣýԳøж+20ԳĶ䷽X1
ӹǿƲ˿ֻһƵĹ̻ȫ˽⣬˺üҲû
ܿö䷽
̳Գ˱𡣳ҹɫܣ˲Ƶ˰ԡɫܣˮ壣̶Ա߶ˮĵӰëѩβҹͬӰڷˮͻȻֵĵӰһ£Խ̶ˮ
ͨҲ̫´ǰк
ɵУڱԹԴȴǵز˲ļ
´һƯëСףæ
ʲô£
ҪɽȥҰиտԷʲôΣա

Ǹе̵ࡣ

ôһ˵֪̾˭ˣϾԼɸ߳ٷеɽҰΪµĴˡ
Ǵɽæѵ˰æʱ򣬶ǰæǺйء
о̬Ⱥǰ̫һˣ㲻Щ𣿡
ǰԸ඼ߣǱΪųࡣȻ̳鷢֣ﲢֻ࣬ǲ֪ദ
ӵպҲ֪ΪΪʲôֵΪʲôΪһũĹܡмζԶԶؿһȺͯҼң˺ȴҿе¡
ɽࣿ˵ȥúЦȷˡ
ҲҵڵʱǰһˣڲһͷնޣǶˣΪɽҾӻǡ
˵˻ʱԼ£ʲôʱôߵľˡ֮ǰõǣԺҪޣ򲻹;̸·š
ȻϰǶԸɾγ۾˵ĻôҲ˼ջˡ
ðɣҵβҿ׷ٵλãæҰˡǰ˵ãǿϲŴӦġ
лǷ飬Ⱦơ
ʲôƣҲŲȣƶģϲġ
Ҽס
Ӧæǰġ
Сɽأɽͼ͹۲ⲻˣаֻУҲܷЩ

գʰң˳ԺſͬǸ
óһ˫²ЬɵЬɽ·㡣
һ磬Ҹ׼ɺҰ˱ǵ·ϳԡ
һҩۣ磬ǻȲĥҩۣ׽ⶾرá
ֵ飬ǰɰͰ͵˵磬һ·ƽ
Ψķģһܴ˵Ϣ
԰գӻ֣תˡ
ԶҶ֮дУĨ׵ӰҲӰԶȥ
ΪСɽػ޷뿪أСɽûоסˣҲδ
ȥܴЩϢҲǺõģһ˵ҵ˹ľ壬ףһʧϷ룬ͷȻֱ
ߺһɡ
ûóǿ¹ʵҲ֪صǶ˾󣬶ǸӣȻһڰˡ
Ǳûٹǣעȫһϡ
ߵõڶ죬պǸŨȪֲµĵա
һҹ֮䷢˷츲صı仯
л˵
Բ²ɶ


18 
ϵͳ˵ŨȪֲʹúҪһʱܼЧ
û뵽Ч
ʼϡ
峿һũũĵһۣʶΪǲԼߴˣֱȷȷʵԼҵũʱſϲ㵸Ĵ
Ϣ籩ϯ㣬˲䴫ӡ
ȫܹ֣ȺУũľҲĲ죬⻹ԼǰƬСѿ
̤׸˰ɡ
һҹʱ䳤ףƥŵܵıҲôɣ
ϵͳ⣬˵Ѵﵽֲ˿ũѳ׸Ϊֲ½ֲ
ԱֲۡɫӵũûôţҲʮף˳˵ϥǡ
ϵͳҲ£ԾͨũֻʱԵӵĻԣֻһֲٶҲԶûøŨȪ졣
100ֵ10ֵ
Ȼйĵ
Щߴ׵ɫֲ˲װǱֱģֲ|˿ɽǰҪʸ˱󻹴֣ر;
Ҵʱƻڲţ˶ֲ鳤
Թԣʲôֲรզôϸߣ
Ҷӣ㶹ԣ
˵㶹᳤ñ׻֣
ɽӹȻǱѰǿ򡣡
۷׷ףȻ
һɣֲٶͬ˻һ㣬һ쳤ڶ쿪˰ɫСˡ
վڽũȫɵˡ
ֲ㳤׸ߣҶӱƻһĴɫεĹʵԲĹʵѱƤŵñ⻬·һɫС
㶹ԡ
ôô֣
ⶹԵĳϵϳӵֱ۳ˣȱڻ֣ⱲӶû˾͵㶹Ժ󣬶ҸѾˡ
Ǽ˷֮࣬æӣһ㶹Եľǰ峤ȥذһ㶹ԣûµææס
һֻ㶹ԵʮأصĶ£ʮűȭͷ㶹ԲӨһɫͷ
ϵͳϲֲֳ㶹ԣز
㶹ԣͨ㶹ԵһǧΪֲʹܱΨһŵˡó׼ֵ1
һ뱲ӣһμ㶹ܳôһ㶹һ˰ɡ
ɽ꣬ԺҲõĶˣ
죬ҶæȰѳ㶹ˡ
ɵذŴȰѳɫõ㶹Ը£㶹ռ棬ӡʣµ㶹ԣٰÿÿͷ䡣
һĶٶ㶹ÿ㶹ܽʮ㶹ԣÿ㶹ܰ8-10㶹ȥӵһǧ㶹ÿֵܷʮ㶹ԡ
ҲȥæһԶֻקסԵһͷǿڵ϶
Ǻ䤱æһ죬Űѵе㶹ԶոϡЩԼķݶ㶹Է˻ؼȥˣЩŲµģͳһԶѷţÿȡʱǼһ±ɡ
Ϧ£ÿ񶼿㶹Իؼȥˡ
ŵķϣҲڲҰ˺ҰĢ£һӵľ㶹
㶹ֻǼ򵥵ˮһ£Ϊ͹͸ڹﹾһʱ
ƽʱȫʢĴֻŵ㶹Сɽÿһ㶹Ȳ볢㶹ζ
һſԼ̴㶹󿴿ҳ򣬲֪ôӺ졣ٿ˶ѾԣҲˣһҧ£춼㶹㣬ǿž޴ĶֻһСӡ
ˮ㶹һ͸ıĤҧԣҲװȥĶڳɳɳ۷۵ģڸŴ˿˿⣬ɱҰóԶˡ
ֹңͬʱÿÿڿͷƵľ޴㶹
+15
+10
+10
+8
С+16
+1
Դ+15
+12

ϵʾϵͳϵͳ嶼챬ըˡ
ˮ˼Դд񶼸1-20㲻ȵֵۿԼʸߣֱͻһǧأͣ1378㡣
һʰ
ֿ˻ڲɫؿ㶹ʳ԰㶹ͱˣ˳һűܱӶͳˡ
һ߳һ߻ٶЩ㶹̧ͬɽȥɽɽϹΰݡ
òãѾˣ˵ϸ첲ȶģڡ
Ȼûƽ˹ĵԵú϶մŶ
ǰСɽ󣬵һγԵʳܹ˶ݵȴ㶹Ƕδ㽣
ջ㶹㹻ϴ꣬ڶǰǲðˡ
ɽָһӣͽǵ±⣬Ҳ֪Ǵɫӻֳʲôأ
ϵͳϲʱԽʳ⣬ʳΪ족ߣɽľX1۽ݡ



19 
Ʒõ۽ʲô
ϵͳݽɵʱ10Сʱ5930롿
Ǹ󹤳̣ҪʮһСʱܽɣֻܵٿˡ
ڣһɽľһʱͨĵߡ
ϵͳԸֻڴԸʱǵڻԸʱԻӦľûƣֻҪ˵һ䡰ɽﾴϡʱֱԻ
ʵͶԽûʲô𣬲ϵͳƷľ񵹱ɽʯ࣬üۺȴƣֻƴЩЯ
ϣһӵľ޴㶹Թ⣬飬ÿ˶Եһȭͷ㶹ŵöƤ΢΢
ܲ˳Եĸоûˡ
硢ＸС׼ʰ꣬Ȼۡһ֪˭һ΢죬һɲζӡ
ۺ룬̧ͷ죬΢΢˰֣ͼƲϵ
̧ü˵ʳθ巴Ӧ
磬㲻Ҫѷƨ˵ôûʣǳԵĶһô
ﻰδ˵꣬Ȼӽסǹβ
ʱǵͨ졣
һ죬ѭȥֻͷ˿ȣ˵öԡ
ֲ֧һ߱Ц壬ʮܡ
ȻȫûͣƣǷᴫȾһ㣬ۡĶӶ
ʵڱסȿֺضŶӣܵԺɢζ
ɫҲ¡
㱻Ѭ˿㻺Բ֮£ҹ΢֪˭пôһ䡣
ûڷţ
µʳӶࡣ
ڳԵһʳؾӪʧ⡢飬Ϊḻصʳֲũ
Ŀǰͨũ1(С)/10Ŀ꣩
Ŀǰֲ2㶹δֲ֪/5Ŀ꣩

ģؾǱֻǵһҲȻ㶹óֱΪʳҲǸ¶ҪȾɲСɽƮĶ㶹ζƨ
ҪĿ꣬Ҫͨũֲũֲ̳ﶼֲӵļ۸񶼲ˣͶҪ300һֲҪŨȪ
ֱƷֲӣʣµǮȪġ
ʲôûУǿä㡣
һʮͨäУäǸֲֳΪ˱һäУܹŻ700ֵ
⻹ƿŨȪֻȥٵֵ
յֵ˲һ룬ﲻп治
Եɳصĳ鿨Լ᲻ỹô˥һԼʣ378ˣ˲봽
äкȪռңһжʶԼֻܿɣ˿ֻվǶ
⺢ӸòᱻѬɵ˰ɡ
߽ͷСȴűӶغһ

ǳ˳飬Ȼȥ˽䣬ʧضϡ
Ժ˰죬ȵθ㶹ò࣬Ÿҷڣϴޡ
˳Ա˾ͻ˯ú㣬һҹСɽʧߡ

գԺдļ˯Ĵǽѡ
ģǹҪȥɽΰݣδˡԺţҺõļλǿ׳Ĵ׼Ǽ㶹Ʒ̧ɽȻִ䱳ŵСɽƺͬˡ
Ǵɫɽ֮ĪһɫһɫĽݴɽһ·Ѷ£ԽִɽֱɽţΡ׳ۣ£ӵƮɽ䣬ԶԶȥֹס
Ḷ́ޣҪʮ꣬ջûУɼһҹ֮ɵġ
񼣰񼣣ɽֱʣ
ɽη֮࣬һ˿ĸжɽﲻ̧̼ŹƷеɽ·ű仯ɽ׹ߡ
ں˯飬ͻȻһϵͳѡ˯ŷ۽Ѿˡ
ݣҪ븻·һֱɽɽݣΪǰΰݵͽṩ˼ıƴḶ́ܵɽ˵ǵָһӼ
۸ԣڴ˽ϣ˸оƣۣͽǲΰϹĻԣо+5
+5Ǹ̶ֵһ״̬ӳɣҲ˵ԺСɽ࣬ݾͻ5ֵ
Իֵƣñһﵽ100ֵͲˣۼӳɣֵﵽ105㡣
ǽ۽Ըܸܵġ
ˣ˵ҪȥɽΰţϽɽͼ̧ŹƷݣѾߵɽˡ
δæһԼͷ˿ͷʱͱ仯һͬٵļٵˣæѵѣѱӸʵˡ
һسɴ˲ƴ󷨣˾Υɽڡסʱգúɽտúܺãԭɾӡ²Ĺͣÿյ³˳Ծ˯û˼ɨء
ѽóذڷ˹ϣǰϰ취ɽʯ
һ˵ִɽ˸ʵĽݣҲ۵󺹣Ȼǵݾƽһ㣬һҲûۡ
ǰɽɽҪѴʱ䣬Ȳΰ춼ˣɽףֻҪһʱִܵɽʵ̫ˡ
ʹǶʯͷߵף˵һѸмĻȻӾ㶹ɽϻҴزֵӽĹʵɽЦɡ
ûɽ飬ʱͷҲҴͬʱһ˿ǺɻɽĻЩССķ
ҷһ߰գһϵŮڴһøˣ˵ϰڷŵǸǵʹͣȥ֡
ߵлһŵ̧ͷƷϰڷʮӣ¶ɽľηҲѹסĵϲã¶һ˿ɵЦ
һ·ɽӻܳʧֻʣһЩ֡Ǵͬϲ֣ҲۣȱĶˡ
뿪ɣ£лҪ
ΨλЩպã˳ɽ
λվͷﶼܺɽﵥ´峤˵ʲôûǸ͵ֻܰصȴ
ûһᣬ߳дǰʣ峤ɽﵥʲô°
ʶԼĻɽľ񣬷ɽѴ͸˵ʲô±ͨľ֪ʲô¼Ҳͨľϵ
Ժɽ´ּ⣬ǵһ֮ˣνɽĴͲ
£ǻذա֣۽ǵ϶дԵĸ֡
˵£ǿ϶²֪ˣǼλǶʱô峤΢յӰĪָߴ˼֡
˴ߣٻɽͼһۣһһ֪ʱѾϴˣ˿ڴߣǸűӵĵݼˡ
飬ѣãҴȥҰˡ
հƺ˯øسץסǣѱѾسɴ紫͵Ժſڵ飬״鼱֮£ֻüһʯӳľȥ
л˵


20 

ʯͶڴϷ
һ٣æȥԺ鿴鿴ﱻӣæԺӺ󷽵ǽ˽ȥ
Ȼ˸գȥ±ҵĴ򣬼ֻǱ˸Сӣ𻵣·ڡ
֪ļҵܺҶʯӣеݿմӱ飬ϲЦտȥС
飬ҴȥҰˡ
װһ˯ѵ¶ģ㶹ԣΪʲôҪȥҰˡ
㲻ʱҰóԣٹͲ
ߴ𴲻£˰յʱ䣬͸Բӷ٣һһС¨š
һҹ֮佨ɵݣ˽մ̸ʣߵǵۣɽԺȥɽɾͷˣɽҲߵƽס
½㣬ɽ½ݣӦôҶȥԸûʲôԸɽʵ𣿡
ǣ֣Ըһú㣬ҪƯȹӻλΣҲҪ
δϣֻЦЦûʲôԸֻϣһƽƽͺá
㶣ؼ򵥵ԸϵͳԸܶûд
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СϪĶ԰ǧҪȥ֣ƺ˼֣ɾһ㣬һ̽
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ۿһſԲ㶹˳ʳ䣬ŴһȦ
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ηǰһ߰桰̰ߡԼꡱĴȻЩƽİ
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21 
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żҹɫԶֺɽʱʱشҰǵĺ˼
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һֱԶԶİ֦ͷϣ˼Щ֦ҶѻһϯضͳذףִӰóһʯĦǻ𣬵Ҷ֮ϡ
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ŵҪô˵İȫ岽ߵĶңҧһڣҪˡ
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Ź㣬ƫҪҼӸ͡
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Ҹæڸ֣ũþ߾Բ㣬ûͷûһûһѡԴɽ͵³ͷһÿУھ衣
Դĳͷֱھӽߣɵʱ֧֧˵ԭͷǺúõģֻЩоЩɶһľĳͷȴͻȻһβͲݡ
ԴţƶԷԼĳͷ˻ݺݵشһܡ
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22 
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ѾϰСӶ˯᳤ҲǺ£ҲרŽ
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鿴һ̺ĶŬɫͷһڡ
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Ӧûδ𡭡
죬죬Сҧˣ˶첻ˣ
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ʱҸĸϪҰˣСҲСϪˣȻͷܴ˳ҶŵܣֻȴΨ׷СţСûͱ˵ˡ
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ѡһնɱµͷܣƽǵŭֵ+2000ɳس鿨+2
ѡܷ򸾻ìܣȰ˵Զءδ֪
ʾΪѡһһԶʧܣһӰص̬ͷչѡ񡣡
кʾȻ¼˳
ԭСϮżȻȴժصǿ¹ʵĻˡ
￴ǿ¹ʵƺһԺܷ򸾿ض꣬͵ȹӳ죬ȴžǹӵλãúܷһʱ죬ǹʵ͵˻
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̧ͷǣԱӵĿأǰغܣͷһԲֻһʱܲʴ̫Ȼʱȴֻ֪ھԲŲ
ʱѾС˿ڷã˲ҩɴֻ˵úԺÿչһҩʣµľֻܿԼָˡ
Ƿ򸾶˵л漴ǱԶҪΪɣһڴǶ˳ȥ֮˷š
ʱ˵ǺΨ׷Сţ˶֣ʵڿСϵצӡʱѾ׶ӱϮԭ
Ĺ̺Ĳࡣ
¹ʵֻҹ죬Ӹһ죬㲶׽˿йʵɢϢǰʱͷſڹʵ˯ЩԥջǱǹʵ貵󣬴ŵӣ˯ĺϿժ˹ʵ
֮ͷܾ쵽ԣֹӱһ·׷µζͽӡȴû׷ׯ
ͷܶǼסϵζһֱŻӲӣĶʵʩ
̫ˣû뵽ͷȻǺ˹Ҫ㶣СҪӾͺˡ
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˱ҲԹҲܣϻԲѵĶӣٿ˸¹ԵĹʵ㲻ãĿӹϱ𿪣һ᣺
ǸöʵڲУҽ


23 
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Сͣ¹ʵڴ齱£ʵѳ룬ʰâ֭ˮ£һβؽС
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ĵӱҲ˵ʲôŻ˯ĶӣֻĬĬϿ

ҹ˶׼˯ˣȻһҵѡ
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С״񲣬Ƥ϶Լץ˵Ѫۡ
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Сĺ˳ȣȫʧָֻ˷ù֮ǰ״̬
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Ƿ򸾱һ𣬼ʹ޲ѡ

Сҩĵ죬״ȫȵڶ죬ָʶ˹˵ԴϢ£ϵ˿ڳñ´ˡ
ǵ֪Сܺõ֮죬ȫɽʹ͵ҩָ࣬鹱һֵȻֻ࣬жٶ㣬ҩ໨ѵһǧֵǿѼҡ
׬ϵͳûϢ˰οԼ
ȻСϮ£ȴôΣҲȥϪˮ帾ҲȥҰˡ
ȫԼϣΪ峤ûбϺôİȫʵʧְ
ǣڰĲͼͬʱְ˼λСϪʱһľդդЩ̵ľ
ľդǻУܣû¾ͱȶˣͼοˡ
ԼҵأȴҪҰϮɽֲڡ
ο֮ŭҪɣǶԺܷ򸾲֣Ҳһֱɵȥ
Ž壬Ǹ޷ĺӣҹȥҹ̽һƬ֡
л˵
ĽVֲףλٱ֧涩ģצл

ŸԤաײ[ѧ]ղ~
İ
˽ˡǽֱͨòͨһв
ϰһλոձҵĴѧɤ
ҵĿˣܾЩ̫Ծ賿Ժ
Żʱʱر紵ӻԼƶһ˵ᷢײ
ϰЦݵضſ˵ӭ١
˿ͣе㷢ô£
*
нսЩˮ档
½˿룬Щӻٶһ˲Сһ˽ϰ
ֻǰȥ̽ҲȻƷһڷʱ
ˡ
ζˣôɱ˷أ
*
½ĵһۣҲǲһˡ
г̣ȫ۵ĽΣɧòһ
С죬ò԰͵İɣ
Ȼ֪˵ʵݣʵʦɵʮ˵ʱ򡭡
۶߸ˡ
ͷʿҲҡTM
С糡
󣬵½ΪʲôҪЩص£±ϲ¼
ϲϷһ̨ʡ
ؽõţ˶٣żᶨɲԼ
ײŮVS˵ʿ
ѧ+ʳ+ֱ+ư


24 
֮ŭѡһնɱܷ򸾣仯ìܡ
ѡһǧεĳ鿨ᣬ˵൱ˣȻѾ⣬ѡѡ
Ҳֲ˼Һܷ򸾣󵽣ʮĲڹһ̣һ֪ĶܳС͵ߣ˭Ҳ̲
ԤУ͵ѶȶȻնɱѡ
ֲأ֪ʲôδ֪Σգȥ֮ǰȫ׼С
ȣװá
ϵͳ鷳Ƽܱĵߡ
䣬һ廨šƷи֡
̤ѥѥ֯Ϻ紩ͨݿʹߴڵָλãʹüʱۼһֵ

տ˵һƷۼۣòصϵͳжֲֵǲ֪бҪ𣿻һ
ϵͳõġ
ĵ߾ʵ޻ֻ࣬Ǽ
Ǯң׵棬ǰ˲ưף׵棬˲ưסۼۣ50ֵ
һڴӣٻһڴӽʹסӼ̷ǳ֮޷ƻۼۣ100ֵ/ٻһΡ
򲻹ͼʹϢ仯ɺ͵ͬϢܹݵԻˣֻ޺ҰЧʱһ㡣ۼ100/ţ

ɲ̫⣬ⶼЩɶ
˭йǮҰҹҲ̫˰ɣһ׵棬һͷ˶ͷ
ǸӣΪأѲҪһ
Ǹеáһ¾Ҫ٣е
Ǹ򲻹ͼֻһ𣿡ϵͳ
ϵͳۼ150һš
̵·Ǳװס
һţŵٸҸ˵ģ
ƽƽһҪСมۼ10ֵ
ԣ
һŷһѾΧܸ㵽õװˡ
鵹ùˣı仯ɷһһ˵޵УЩֻԷһ
װˣξҸɿĶˡ
ȥ֣
ɫͫ⣺ȥʲô
˵Ըͬһȥ𣿡
룬Ǵ廹Ͽĸսǿġ
Դ˵㣬Ǹҵˣδ뿪СɽͬĻ⡣
ҲҪȥ
һһߵм䣬еعǳȥ治ңҲ̫˰ɡ
ͣǲǳȥ棬Σյġ
ҲŲ£ͦţƱҺõģҾԲڣ
ôܵÿ죿ţҲȷʵǸŵ㣬ܱƵ˵
٣Ʋ˭أһܣ
óĦȭƣ޲ھ֤һԼʵ
һָסĶͷͣͣͣȥԣܰҡ
áΪܳȥ棬ɡ
ţÿɷ

ҹŨһŻ֮ǰײҲҵһЩի־Ҫǰĳ
һһһãʱվǰ
治̫ӡſļֹ
¿Իȥ
Ͳûܺˡ
Ӳ˭˵ҺˣһܲܲҪͼõ˼
һ
ĻʱֻһϣһҪصأôҪҵܷ򸾣ܿһЩ
ܱܲСһ㣿
˲˼ֻʮ߳СϸֻĴָϸȻϡ
ϸĻһε
ϵͳ㷢ļܣ
ӵмܵ޿԰ԼɵرСĳЩʱ̺ô
һҪ磬ûüͱֱӴ졣紵ۣһʧصѣθŻɵòߣֻôһòסû³
΢΢üʵ̫ȫеΡ֮£ֻֽܸС
˫һأϵͳʾ
ѽδ֪أ֡
뿪أɽͼͨسɴΪ״̬ʹá
⣬δɽΪ֮أ̽ȴ100%󣬿Ϊء
ֵǰ̽Ϊ0.001%
ŨȴҰЧֻɣֻǿϳСɽĴŷ̧׼ȥȻоеĿڶԼ
Ťͷһ˫īɫ۾֣ļë׵Ĵ׳
һͷǡ
ȫغӡ
ϵĻҲȫȻûͷǣצԼոձ紵ҵķͣزϣҲø֪ǲɢ̫ǿͷǺϢ͵һȻֱתˡ

ôôͷι
ٸȤתǰߡ
֪ǲԭʪأմЬӱԵһ͵ʩһͷǣҲûмҰޡ
żʲôӹûп壬Էʧˡ
ĻʺϾСɽûеҰӣϵͳ󲿷ֶжġ
ţһһСƬҰעֻΪҰֵ̫ˣ¹֮£һƬƬСƶ䣬ʥࡣ
ĸ֥һֻҰϡ޷˹Ӫḻ˳ǿǡ
öۡ
ûסǰժЩŽ˿ռ
һ²ۣңЩҰĢģ
ȻǣҲ
ժʱСתֻЩģðͷС֥ͨͨŹˡ
Ϊ˵һӺ󣬼ǰûͻȻоʲôһ¡
ͷһһ
ȻֵǣСȻƶЩƶ˼֣ԣȥ
Ǹǣǿĵģһë׵С
鶨һȻһֻ
סСоΪʳУαװ֮áС޺
ģͲСԲĶ䣬ͣһͺβ͡
뵽ϵͳһ仰ٿ⻹ûƴСһʵ᲻ʲôʳ
ǷŹɡ
ǸϹӣղҲײ飬ͷߵһ̣Сһˣ֪ԼԴϿպҵţﻹƣҵļȥ
Ŀ񻹸ʧõļңæһۣ񣬷ɿˡ
ôĿĵȥҲǸ취ȻоأǿѰְҵѡ֡
ǣæСľϻóһţһҲ֪װǲ
޷ִֻӽͳһ̳մ򿪷ڣ˹Ͼ̳Եһ˴̳ӡ
ۿž̳Ҫףæѷڸס⸽кܣ
Ҳ֪ûĻ˸ãȱ˵ƺ֪ΧĻһˣֱ㶵
Ǳֱָߣֵ˸ͷָ󣬸תָұߡ
ֻͷӬһԭתתȥյʱ֮žߴһڵϣҲһдŤΤΡ

⻹ԼԼתεģ
ѰΧĵرı̫࣬һʱ䲻ָ֪ĸҲΡ
ϻأʱֵ¹ʵոճ죬ɢϢŨҵǹУ˵˳ҵ
ֻߣĻкܶܣ֪Ҫֻűˣ
ҲֻܰʵıŻСľϻ
֮еʱޱȵػɽͼʱиͼǶôҪ
Ȼ򲻸ˣʱҵһѨ
ѨӶⶴѨĶ˸ߣҲܷϺܵѨﺰһ𣿡
־òԣæĿڣ𣿡
δӦԼĻ˺üϢ˵ⶴѨֿտ
ѯϲŵ࣬ãûܵζ
ܡʲô
֮ʡ
СɽûܣСɽȻҲû
磬Դ֪ôش
һҷǳϢǺĶڵ
Ǹɴͽȥɡ
鲻پᣬ̧߽˶Ѩ


25 
һ붴Ѩ, ˳ͷβĺڰ֮С
¹ڶѨץϹ ֲָ
׼, ӽҳǿҹݺ
ҹݺʳ֮Ŀ, Ӿ࣬ںҹ
ǰõŵʱ, 黹ò, 񣬵ϴóˡ
ҧ, ˱ĵҺ
, ȡ
֪ôѳԣͰ⵰ǰˡ
õһûʳ, ضŶ, Ҳϰ, һʱ־ģ
ԶۣӾʮȣںڰҲǿˣ߸ҹжֻҪһ
հҹݺȥ, ;ǰٿһƬضɢ⻼ͻȻ, һжӾ￴ûࡣ
ϸ۾, ᷢһˮĤ, ƽʱ˼֡
ڶѨܳ, ¶һֱ, ѨϷһɫ, ֪ʯʲô̦޺֮ࡣ
ţĽŲûκϸ΢
ⶴƺûˣҪȥɡ
צӣߴŶԷ硣
ûشּǰ˽ɺҲе㲻ԾǶԺܷ򸾾ӣûҪѶѨ޵֮ɡ
Ӧòǳȥɡ˵
š÷ͷ
ת׼ߣȻͷֵѲ˺ϵʲôƼˡ
ѭ̧ͷһͷǲɫʲôʯһ֯ϸܵ˿״˿϶УһŵĺӰ½ԡ
壬ȣһſӴֳԴԴĸɢɺĹâṹϿϡ
ʲôϵĸͷܳô󣬶쵽ˣҿܲѺõӡ
ͷ֯ϣһֵΪޣȺӵĳ֣һȺͷ֯Ͽٱޣ֤ˣŽ
㲿˿״ʹʳͷӲʳ޴󣬶ŵʳܾ
ϵͳĽ˵µ龰˼ɭ
ϰٶɺĸΧ飬һյյѪĵֻë
ཡ
ͻͬʱ¿ˮ
Ǹˣߴ·ˣͻȥ
æԼûж⣬ֻ룬ǽڣسˡʮֻͷ֯ϵ˿ߴأסȥ·
ЩѰ˰
鴹ԴѸ˼֮
ȻԷûиᣬֻ֪ͷ֯ϰ಻ס״ҧ£˽ײ緢һźţеĳͷ֯糱ˮ㣬ǰ̵سһӵϡ
ͬʱɽҲ֮١
ǰԽǿʯǰ˰࣬ԶԶؿׯӰӡ
һ·߽˴ڴǰŸߴľƷдšľ塱֡
Ʒվ£ֳľĴţʮڳķƣǺˣأ
Ѱ˵ģûƣص˵ǴиŮͯʧˣѰļˣ鷳ŸС
ûƾ͹Զ㣡岻ӭˡ
ľһᣬƺǰһҪ֡
üͷ˵ʲôȻһмζ졣
תͷֻһԼ¥ľ޴жɫƵıиһֳˣĴ׳βϰһ˨ţ˩ϰٸáͷࡣ
Щ٣ŮŲģ촽ѣ֪ǣ˶áЩֲ֧סػ赹ڵصˣԱڵţƤⶼĥƣ֪ǻÿ˵ؿڴͳһɫĴ࣬дŴġū֡
ֻݣ·Ӣۣ״ըһϵɳմһӵĻҡ
󢱳ϵشһľƣݸŵĴ񣬺ִֵֻؿһۣ֣ȥɡ
һ̴ֵȣλƵ߽˴ׯŵĴһűѺ˵ˣЦͬļ򣺡ūƺвŮūȵҹݣȥζ
˶ġ
£ȻūĩβһŮͯĿ⣬Ůͯ˫ɢңԴεСϤ
ι㻹ʲôŭɽĺùӳԣ
תվûȥûָ
񣡡ͫ׽һŮͯδţľرǣߡ
Сӣʲô
εĻŭ˿صĴ񣬾ľͷؾ῵ͷϴȥ
ӻδ£ͱץס΢΢ʹľӦϡ
״ĿææʮֹĴΧϣһš
ľЮ⣬ʮϢ֮󣬵ˣŸ첲ȣ۵ֱС
½Ƕûţ̧һūѾԶˣæɵ˾ֱ׷ȥ
Ҫȥ֪ͨɽˣ
ϵ˴󺰵д״æȥɽͨ籨ȥˡ
˴ڱûһ·裬ż·Ĵ񿴼ҲֻǶִۣʲôʱһе̣ɷӡ
һ·󲽱ǰ׷ļֱȻûôᱻץﵱū
񣡡ڣ׷ūĩβһסŮͯļ
ŮͯתȫǵۣؿһãȻ
һĬĬɿش¡
ǰ
ʻ˲δĩ˵СǣСŮݺݵسǰһǰߣȴŤͷ۰Ͱ͵ѵ촽˶ȾԼ
ŮͯӰԶսȭͷ
£лҪ졣
ӵͬľܸͬܡʧȥ˵İ϶һѹΣҲҪд˵Ϣ¡
̧ۿܣ֪ʱѾߵ˴ׯġ
ׯĹģܴȻﵽ˳ĹģСɽéݣĴסĶ۴αȵļľݣΪ֮̾ǣǰԶһͨľÿһ֦ⶼͨľҪֺܶ࣬ïʢǶ˽һɵɽ
վˣҶϲժʲôֻֻ֦򵥵ϵһڰС
żз紵Щ˱˿ߵס֩һ㣬յ֮ζȻ䣬ƺи˵ˣҽŴʮɵĸ߿׹ˤڵϣ½ɢ¶ūࡣ
˶˾ռһ㣬޶ԵؼһиŴͬµ˹Ǹˤİūˡ
Ȼ˵Į
סеĲޣǿתߣ׼Ҹ·Ĵй¡
Ȼ䣬һ϶쳹ء
˭ڱ£
ֻһųİ׷ߴӾ˵߳һԾ£ٷ磬ƮƮ˵ϡ
ߵĻ䣬дǷ׷ͣĻƣԾηعڵϡ
ߵĿɨһȦֻһɹ򵹵Ⱥ֮УΨֱͦվţۡ
˭ĵӣ˱ɽ񻹲¡߳
ֻĸأΪҪ㡣
ѾµǰߣԼĪׯɽˡ֮ûкøУǰǵرϮ֮ʱصɽͳرճţЩŵ˺ǾٴǨ·Ⱥðץߡ
Ϊһɽ֮񹩷ȴΣ֮ʱֻ˱ȫԼͳкѵЩͲ
ʧȥúֻһֻԼ㹻ǿ󣬲ܱüˣɱӣ˵Ρ
ҲΪʲôֵǵԭ
߹ҲǵһӲӣһʱ˵ҲЩĥ͸ɽ񻹲ϹĪĳݳǣĳɴˣ
ԽûѣʵǺˣɽͷΪ£
ҴСɽ£ֻѰ˵ġ
˵СɽãһСɽ֮߶ʱЦˡ
λɽĿˣԭǸɽͷǸСѾͷѾͷԸƧ΢ֲİ׽˵ֻʣҰҲԸס
ÿһεɽ磬ûȥ˵˯أλЩϵֻʹӵﱻˡ
һ˼ɡָֻ̧̧ȴһεУ͵󵯷ɣصڵϣʱؿڣѪ
ת׼Ȳ裬ֻһѪĭҡҡλεվ
Ȼû˵ǵǿ
ֶ˶СָֻԼٶȱһǿֱֱذϡ
ɳȻ֮£ûһ˿һķ֮ǹһֱɸ߿գֱһСڵ㡣ǹȻ֣ͬߵķݣֱֱĳ׹ȥ
߽űߵһʯͷֱһүΣԵõ£¶˶ŪϰЦݣҪúõǸǵӣˤһ̲Ѫģġ
׹䵽һ֮ʱ֪һֻչ˫ᣬϵ𽥱Ӵֱһֻ峤ųӥľ񣬾׼طɵ£ÿıס
ӵ˺һҲûͣͷķȥ
߶ʱŭ𣬺ĶĵޣҽҪɱˣ
̧˫֣۳һŲ磬漴һ״û˹׼飬һɣһ۳ɵƿȥ
΢΢б׵ضֻ߲֮ģٴ׵֮ӯڰʱʱ£ңȻȫܿ
ڵϵĴǣĿɿڴ͵ⳡ
һֻ֪ĴǵɽȻΪһ˴ˣ
˲ŵǣǵɽòƻԱˣ
ۼֻԽԽԶǸһͷ֮У߱׼ŭֻ޾Ȼڷǰʵڿɶ
Ҫɱˣûвĵ
ߵʩչڿն𣬾ֱŰʧĵط׷ȥ

ѽ
ڵѨ񱼣׷һȺĳͷ֯ϡ
ôҲ뵽ⶴѨȻǸѨ֪еѨδҲ̫˰ɣ
ȥ׷ĳͷ֯飬ʤļڵϣͷƤ
þ죬ߴҽУܵٿһ㰡϶׷ˣ
Ѿˣֻȣȣ׷ҲǺ𣿡˵
ŵ磬ֻͷǰ񱼣ΣƳһۣʱе㶶
˵ûз֣ЩԽԽˣ
ȥԭ·ĳͷ֯϶ס֮£ֻѨӣ㵼Խӣиĳͷ֯ϴͷϵ䡣
տʼ׷֯ϿֻϰֻֻǧֻҲֹ
𽥱ƽܸоȺľڲϱ
ʲô
ͷҲδأֱԼһֻͷ֯˦һ仯ǰһ뻹ɷĳͷ֯ϣͻȻһֻɰQëߵ˵ϡ
һһ߲ͣ󶪱仯ǣ֯ϵʵ̫ˣֻ֯ϵĿȱ˲ͱ˻һϢʱ䶼δȡ
ת˼·Ϊ׵ĳͷ֯ϱһֻǵص˿Ѻ֯ͨͨסȻŴֻǶݵϴһ˲֮䣬˿㱻ȺǼĿҧơ
һܣһ߳԰֯ϱܸ鷳ĶĺˮһȼյĻ棬ĵش̣Ţ̶󡭡
ͷ֯ȴƽ⣬ֱźˮɣǵص˻棬شֻǵļ׿ǳǳĻۣȺǰ֯ݽȥԽ
˵֯ϣҲ֧Ų̫ãͱͬǼ̤ԭ
Ⱥʵ̫࣬ı仯֮һֻܶһֻ֯ʩչơ
Խ峯ǰһԾֱӱһֻԱԱĽŲãܵٶȱԭ˺ܶࡣ
úıϣȻֻһСȦϲϤԱıܷʽÿһ·ͻһǽڣλòûץȴϵ
һ·ײײҲܲ϶١
Աٴα任ࡣезٶģҲʮֽС˻лϺȵġ
ӣզôһֻצץһֻצŻö䣬ɿǿܷɵö
ͲһСһ㣿
޶ģܲɣҾǲǲ֡ôõֱͦ׳
ֻ㲻ᣬͲܼһԼ⣿һ㡣ʵ˵
޿κΣֻӷһʵǷɲˡֻñ仯ԭһ߱ܣһ߿˼ϵʲôţ
۾һʱһֻ̬ԲʳޣСֶȣʳϵϸı˦˦ȥͼЩϡ
Ⱥȴ޷Ӧȫ޼е֮⡣
ǰôϻ¸ƨʳް
û취ֻʹһˡ
Ȼͣ½ŲȺֻŻ׷࣬Ȼٴβȡ֮һֻһģһĳͷ֯ϡ
ֻͷ΢СһЩ
ֻ޶棬еûףС˵𣿡
ֻΪ׵ĳͷ֯ϺɵؿֻɨɨȥȻ·ﲻԣѪĸ۱⣬ĿϮȥ
̾һš򲻹ͼķôʡˡ
ɿͳעϵϢͷ˸ı䡣
ֻͷ֯ϵĶͣ£ٴαãˡٴεͷôǼһ飬Ϣһģһͬûˡ
׷˰ȻûӰеĳͷ֯϶Եúܱ꣬׷ԭתתȥ
ҡڵشȺд뿪Ƭ֯ϵЧֻܳһʱ䣬þⶴѨС
ܿ죬ʶһ⣺·ˡ
ֻˣһ·Ͼü·ڣ۸ӵѨֲ壬ֻƾż䣬ԼҪ̫һ
߹·ǰĳһԿĶڣȫ֯Ϸڵְ˿ס
ֵĶ̫󣬸ĳͷ˿ȫ˹ȥ⸽㰲ȫָԭ̶ӽͳҪǰİ˿ֿ
ϣһǰ˿ͱεס黨˾ţ֮ŰγƬ˿Ҳ˺εڽϣô˦˦
˿ͷ֯ϵķԼʮ㣬һϾͺѰѣһ֯ϡ
ˣ⻨10ֵʹ˱ˡ
ˣڼּҵҲûӣų˿һ𶪽˽
û˰˿˶ڣȻյһϵͳʾ忴һۡ
عľĺøж-10
ĿǰصĹϵΪжԡ

һⱻ׷˿ɶҲûɰ
ľ塭ǰȥҹľˣ°˳ɺйأҲ֪ʲôôĺøжֱӱ˵жԡε롣
оë׵צգ̧ͷôˣ
㿴̾
üܣֻλòխһնֿĳѨĴѻǰɫѣһֻȻڳѨ룬ľزѵ
ͷ֯Ϻޣͷļ׿ǼӲ̺أУҲʵСĴڡ
ͷ֯Ϻͨ֯ȫ̬̬ӽڻȳ棬ݳ͵ģںᱡҲˣλԷĸ۴󣬿ڶԷУԼһֻϡ
ʵʵɽ˥ɣʱ򻹲Ƿһ¡

ǰڲѣ֪شԭ·˳ȥȻȴΪʱϺ̼ͷߣŭ֮࣬ͼ̧ǰ֫˿һ˿˲ѳڷסˡ
ϲѵĳͷ֯ϺԵ쳣ıͷŭһѺ󣬴ӳѨϾֱƺʱҪ
һŲæضȥһ仯
ͷ֯ϺƮڿУ֣һ鷨
ϵͳ仯Ч

˵
ʧЧ鳹׳սֻѣܴù𣿡
ޣеѡ𽥻ָԭС󣬻ڲϵͱֱɺͳͷ֯ϺһȻϺ֮䣬ͫûһ˿ľɫҲֻһˡ
Ҳļվүû޴أҪӮˣôһꡣ
ͷ֯ϺʱѾûģȶųֱǴ˴Ϯ
ϣ
֮ǰһԾٿʧˣһʮԶλã黹δ壬һϺǰһϺԺ
ϵͳ㷢޻ɽõļܣߡ
ߣλ֣͵Ϯܶǳʵá
үүһţգ̧žͷ֯Ϻĺȥ
ϵͳ㷢޻ɽõļܣȵš
ȵţúȸ˵һɽʯ
ɻɽʯһ׼ػϺԴϣţ׼ͳͷ֯Ϻʹ൹صĻ档
ȻһȴֻϺӴ΢΢ͣһ£ȫɼ׿ɵĹ⻬Կǣ˿ڶûС
̫ˡ
ûᱶĻһ͵ϮЩá
ȫȻûЧĻһ£ͷ֯Ϻûַֱӹ˺һС
û˿֮⣬ӭŹϣſ޿ڣ¶Ķײݺݵҧס˳ͷ֯ϺͷߵĿҲ̽ǡ
ͷ֯Ϻͷ֮ӲĶҲδҧֻĸǳӣԷȴҧһѪ˿ڡ
ʹ˦ԴϺ˦˳ȥϺڿмͣδײǽڡ
һ棬ͳ˴
δ˾ͣ¹ƣسͷ֯ϺϺɣÿĹѸٵض㿪Ӵͬʱжñ׾
ͷ֯ϺȻЩ̫࣬ÿζһ˿պ󣬳ûÿζҧߵۼףĳһѪӡ
һҪȶĳ
ţǳͷ֯ϺĶ̫ǿػסҲһ˿Ļᡣ
ͷ֯Ϻüңȫ˻ãжĿռ䡣ųͷ֯Ϻٴҧļ϶Ϻı󣬶ĳٴһкȵš
ͷ֯ϺȫǼӲ׿ǣֻгᱡһųɹҲϺһ˲׼ݼŵĻᣬһˣ˺ҧ˶Էһ
Ϻʧȥһ߳ȻܷУӦ̶Ѿ֮ǰˡ
վϺ㱻һᣬ˫սţѷʤһҵĴ򶷣֪˶ѣҺɢŵϢ
ۿ˺üڣ۵ҪȻԼְﲻæֻܾϵͳʣǵܴܲ
ϵͳˣֻͷ֯ϺֵڣӶʵս忪ɡ
ʲô𣿡
ϵͳ޵ϢͳһۼΪһֵ
㼱ۣʲôʱ˻ֵҸ˵Ҫ˶ɽӲˣ
ϵͳаɣΣɬϢΪ͡ͷ֯ϺͷȫӲ֮ͷɵӴҲΪĵط
࣬ӣĲӣ
õϢ
ĲӣҲ˲ᵽ˼
ٴƴ˵һǧ˰ٵķգҧס˳ͷ֯Ϻͷ­β漴ϲϺԴɵ֮
ֳβ㲻ϵϺѣƴβǿʹ⣬ûɿԽԽ
ϵͳ㷢ļܣɱ
ɱߵĲɱʹʮĵҲȫڻ¡
ϵͳʾһ죬Ϻͷ­֮ʷɣɫ֭ˮ罦˳Բͷ­ڵأӴȻ
ͬʱϺͨעڵĶؿʼͣ񾭡ֻҡ£վҲûסϺʬһҵڵϡ
غ󷢳ѨΪ֮һ
࣡
֮ǰ齹Ӱ
л˵
ֹ20ǰڴ½СɰǶк


26 
࣡
æȥ鿴, ֻ˺ۣ۶˺üƬ˱ͷ֯Ϻ˵Ѫ, סðѪ
, ô
ͷ֯ϺĶػõ˻ýӲжٻ, ڶ, ǿһ˿ʶ۾ͫڲϷŴ, ƺʱҪ˯ȥ, Ҳ棬ڶܡ
, ԼóȻⶴѨ, Ҳˡ
ֲۣȱ˯, ھʹСɽˡ
һ˵һ߷̧Ȼ˱ʵ̫ˣʹ̵Ҳֻǿ̧β͡
ܱ࣬ܲСߣ
Ļ, õñԼһʼĴָϸæ˵С, ϸط뻳С
תһڳͷ֯Ϻͷ­, ʲô
ڸǵÿЩȥ
˵, þͺҵʲô, һ, һԲĴ, ǣպǶϵģиˡ

޲Ľ𵤲࣬޳ӦԵԻΣܼ̳ԭĲľϵǷϵԳǽϵպǶϵ
ͻõצմĶϺڵ֭Һе㷴θʹ˸
Ҫѵʱ̷ȥҪʼ̾˷ˡǳøȳɹΣֻĴ϶û⡭
ǰݸ۲㲻̫ƫİҵһ빦ͣҾøˣ»øҸľԵĲС
´һ鲢˽޵ʽֻȷ䣬պˣڳͷ֯ǻ֪ϺɱϽȥ¡
򲻹ͼ롱ķʱѾˣֻֻһٵֵϵͳһţԭ·ء
ٴ·ʱַˣǳ·?
ԴȻһ뵽֯ҲҪʳģ˵ܳȥ
ͷ֯ûµʱ򲢲ڶѨϹ䣬ҪôߣҪô֯Ҫôͻȥʳ׷һͷ֯ϼҲӰӣѾ׷׻ظԵ˿˯ˡ
ڰ·ҵһֻΪĳͷ֯ϣ󣬹Ȼһ·Ѩ
Ѩϵͳʾֵ̽ȱ5%ɴ˿ɼѨжӴ
ˣû˼ټˣ׼ʩչСɽ
һ£
ȴȻ˲ݴѰһȦҵ˼Ұݣ㿪ʼгԾ׽
ǻȲݡ
ǵ֮ǰɽҰĢʱҰݣһֿԽⶾĲҩ
֪ݿԽⶾԶҶֹѪôڴڵؾ׽Ĳҩ¶ǡ
ѵҲˣ鲻⣬ģҲ˶
ǡȵȣоˣϾͺˣ
úȻֹͣ˽ʳֻצӲ£ǰԲ۾ͱһ𣬶΢΢ţǻʹ
ֻתһβͣ⣬һɫʺӵ˳
üĺʺ飺ţȥ߳԰ɡ

ϵͳ㷢˻ɽõ塿
壺ɽʶҩȥĲҩԼ̵ʱתΪҩͬ⡣


鿴һźںɢʺԥһᣬָȥδѾͷˣĥɶѽˣ
ֱצͣǿź˽ȥ˶ȷ˳ʳ
ðѱǿιʳ˺ƽڵϣ߱ڵŶһߡ
Ȼչ˼Ϣϵ˿ڱѲѪϵƣҲٽӲָƽյ
áһز
㻹Ҫ֪°ɣĵ԰ǽӣ֪Լĵþȹ̣ǵúһսɡ
УΪ˭𣬻ˣүء
ӡȻؽ
ţ
ҲСˣزҪңҰȥɡ
÷˸ۣ顣
ۼ˿Ѿ޴󰭣˼ֵ̽ͷҹŹȥһ룬ڰ;ϣֲ֪Ӻ
ǲԼðˣãȴȥһû꣬ٻȥǡ
УԼСġ
Ҳû£һңýߵգۼʧ˴֮С
һ˼ȥ

İ鱳˵ɽּ䴩У׷ᣬٶȲ
ڰıϣŶߺХķ磬ߴӸ߿жµʱΪԼҪڴˣû뵽һֻ޴İͻȻðԼһ
Ȼߵһεĳ־ѾˣסѪؿڴʹͬʱҲһвǻþ
ˣͷ׷ˣҪˡ
һƬ̲ŷӦµĴ˵
㡭˵˻ʹɻüʣΪҪң
ɽ֪ҪԶУĲ£һ㡣
£еɽָСɽɽ
ˡ
һ߼ӿٶȳ̷УһûضǴ󵨣ͷɣ˼ĸǹ׹ݣȻҶײҪҾ㣬ձ
ˡ
ۣйƹˤζ
ݽ棬ʲôϧ
鲻ļأĸֵأҪ𣿡
Ĭˣ뵽˰
ΨһĽᣬҲⱲҲĿ
ۣ˵лл
ء
Ĺ򣬰ΪѾ˦Ǹߣȥû뵽Ǹ߻ţƤһ׷ţٶȸǷֺû¡
׷طһ졣
ۿͿҪɵСɽĵؽˣĵͷ֪Сɽޣ°Եʱһ
Уܰȥأ򶨻и޹Ĵǣ
ǣϵͷ߷ȥ
һתĹľˡ
ַ˴죬ɫû谵ҲЩ֧˵һֱϢʱҲ쵽˼ޡ
˴ʱƢº͵İҲ̲סŭͷԩ޳𣬺ο׷ᣡ
޹أǷ˶£ҲΪ㣡
߻ƺһҲżĵ΢΢ҪάֱҪһˣֵܼȥϵķ˲ԲȲּܼ죿
ûʲô캦֮£ΪһҪأ
棬¾ˣ
һɽС
ҧ˵ͷһҪִ򲻹ʵڲУֻˡˣݼô

ûӦԽԽͣһͷɽ
߼״Ҳɽ֮С
ֻѾӰڲԶиɵڵϣǸ֪ߵغķˡֻ֪˦Լˡ
߽˼ɫףǹѪûˡ
ߣװ
ߵ˼ɽܱ˵ӵݼƭ˵ˣ׷ôãҲñʬһй
ֻ̧֣˲һԵޱȵ׵֮سϳȥĿɫžͬѸͨһ顣
˲Ϣ֮䣬һö˶˵˵ʱһεĽ̿ƤսĴ̱Ǻζڿӣ΢紵ƮһƵİ̡
ǸȷʵѾĲˣضӣʩʩȻȥ
л˵
СʹӦŮʵеܿͻз츲صı仯һ޵УûĿռۡ


27 
֦֮İ, ȷѾ뿪ɻصߡ
ʱ˿̵Ҳϲ, ˻, ѾһͷβĽ̿µĲݵҲ, һƬ
ͷ, üġʬ塱ģֻǿ齹̿ѵĹǰ, ̶, һƬƬذ˵ϡ
̿µ˷ֺδˣ¶ļ֮ǰСɫһ, ͸Ӥķɫ, յŰ鵤
, Ҳ鵤
ǷԵޣ鵤Ҳ̺֮պÿ׵硣
Ǹչֹ׵ͷϵַǰ÷ϵͼŰɱȴλ, ߱زá
Ҳõ֮ն, ųɻʹ׵֮
㼱ǰԼ鵤³ס, 鵤̺סѪֻ´δһ˵ڻǿķϵ鵤, Ӷ׵֮, 
ֻ³鵤Ĺ̼ʹ, , 鵤֮ɣԼɵ鵤̸Ϊס
鵤³֮ʱиӵСˮһȦ
ƽڿ죬鶼ȻúҪ磬뻯ξͲһˣʧֻҪ޲
ĿĻԼ鵤˻ȥ
ϵһ߿ȣһߴǶѽ̿ﶼǻҳͰ̡£ʵҲһƤľ
ովϵ˺ֽƬ˲仯Ϊҷɣöûʣ¡

æóס۾ϵҲǲסźΣⲻһֻ޸ÿģȥһڣ
ñһֻ񿴵壬ʲôֵö˵£Ҫֻ˵ԣͨԣ죬Ǿˡ
æתݴԣһᣬÿҶ򵥱ɵҶƬȹ˳һ̣оԼԭʼˡ
ɢƷļľͷƤƳɵģҶԱ
ذ±䣬ͼڰıڿзʱ⵽ԶСϪʱֶֿȥϪ߲ˮ˳Լϻδɾ۹ٺúϴһ
ռеķϪȥ鷽ôãŴʱҲϸԼˣͣļϢ
ллԼͷİ˵
յлȥʮ˵ûࡣ
Դ汨Ļ԰ҵβ𻹸ҡ
ʲôӼڲͬĴβ𣿡
ͷ
֧ϵëʱ񵽵ģֻǵõʱֻӦ쳣ļˣһ֧βֻβëӯƯ˼
û뵽Ȼǰβ
ǸʱҲ֪ޣڻ㡣־Ҫ
ëװȥҾ˵˵ˣðɡ
鲻Ϊ˵ëѣҲûôС
벻˵Сأֻò˶촽û˵ĬĬ
ûãһһҵСϪ
Ϫˮ峺ףһȺСȥ̤Ϫˮ֮УҪϴ裬ԹԵطȥҰȥˡ
Ϫˮûؿڣǰغʱʱײʹ֪ǲĴܾñߵ֮ʹ۸зһЩ
˿ԼģƽԿĥı붼ˣֵͷϪˮ￴ԼĵӰǵ˰̶ǳࡣ
ѹЩд׽٣ϴ裬𻯵ˡһǿˣҲøô
Ȼ䣬ӵĶס
ˮϣֻһ˵Ӱӡ
Ȼ̧ͷֻһǣһһŮͯﱧһ·ȵؿ
ͯ۾ôģ˵ô·Ůͯµ˵ȥ

Ķ졣
Ϊʲô˼ﻹ°

ʱһ۾ͷ߶İˡ
ץտõԵ㣬ɻأݹһ֦õĿ㣬ġ
һߵͷһڣһ߾شĪֵࡣ
ӼôƯİҲˣΧߣ˵
ҷ˵ģҴɽȳλ޴ˡЦŽܵ
ۡͯʱŷݵĿ⡣
ǧƨǾ䡰޴ˡĳƺãĶˡ
ɫˣλ˲ĻȥǵӪЪϢһ
ţ˶ԼΪʲôḶ́Щɣ˿̿飬ȫȻˣֿǷ롣
ϻţҰҹһҰȺ֮࣬δܴҲûƴǡ
һ·Խ֣ɽһٵұڴֲ٣¶һѨڡ
ĵʵΣʯǰҲδػᷢٺȻһڡ
Ÿ߽ȥѨľһࡣѨĿռ䲢ҳʪͷұе쾮϶ʱѾˣܹ¹⡣
ܣխĿռȻסһٶˡ
Щŵ¾ͼ򵥵˲ɲݣΪɽ꣬ʪƺȾ˿ȼǣЩ˵ؿںڹľūһšūֵĴࡣ
ͬʱҲ˲˴Ŀ⣬ǰһòƹµ˵ʲôһᣬǸµֱӳ߹
λСֵܣҽƽ˵Ǵģ
ǹľˣʣЩæؿڵĴҼ
ƽʹͳԹʸڷϣǴǹľˣֻūӵС
ƽǵľ渵
ԭǰǾסڹľ帽Ĵ䣬ûɽϽƽҲԸ㡣Ȼһ죬һž޴˹ռǵĴׯ˵˵ѾɽˣĴԱɱʣµ򱻴ūӡǣȥ˹ľ
ľΪһòĹǿҪȥɲ裬ɲĻֻһʵĵһʮʱĻȻȫū
ղɲĸ߶ȣɱΪ¿пϿ¿ˤ£зϣпϿֻҪûڹľ壬ÿ춼ūʧѶȥ
ʵܲĵ˶գѰ˸ᣬ˳
±ɽ͹ľ˷֣ŴǼεɽǿա
ƽǵľ˵꣬һԵȭͷսˡ
ҲһûסԣΪ츣ɽ񣬷ΪһĶԣ
ո˵𣿡
ƽЩ䣬һֺӣôᷢŮදɤ

ɵƽǰһȦַɻļͷֵš
ǰΪԼһȣԽϲദڿҲˣūӹûɽҰأʵ̫ˡ
޴ˡƽæ˸
˳ȻҪͷĥ̶ɻֹͷôôӳģ
ĹעȴĻʵ̫ҿ˶Ⱦ˲ľ岢ԶʱбֵĿܣ磬һСɽ
ǲõģɽǸ˵ˣɽžסԣӡ
֪䣬ֵָһ㡣
ҲŸͣǰҿԱ֤ǸɣһͷһŰǵġ
Сɽôéסеܸ֣ܱȼ˰յɽҪࡣ
ƽú⶯ԥƬ̣ȴҡҡͷڲߡ
л˵
С羹ռһµϷݣӼȡ
ϼУʮһ£ͻָŵ


28 
Ϊʲô
Щ, иõȥΪƫƫҪСʪɽ
ƽһЦ֣֪, ǲԸȥ, ǲȥʵ˵ɣֻǴһū, ǻв˱ǹľ, ǲܶǡ
ԡ²⣬ѵɽˣ
ʲô, Ǻò״ǻӳ, ȥ𣿡鼤ػ³
ģȫļƻ, óȻ, ƽ˶, Ǿ͸¶һǵĹ۲죬ɽԭÿ³ȥߵѩǣɽȲ̸ÿÿҪղŻ, ׼Ǹʱ֡
ˣɽڣҪ봳Ӿ˳, Ҳ¡
ȥףɽܳ䵱սֻ߰ʮˡȻڹľūռ, ¿صĴ˵Ҳ, ֳֹ, ֻ;޴, Ҳ⼸ʮ˾ܶԸ˵ġ
, ۺʱεأҶǵˡ
ƽļᶨֹ
ҲϢϢˣϻˡǰĸ߹Ц˵ԭƽӡ
ƽ˵ǽ˵ļƻҲ˵˽ġ˵ֻľ壬ɽһ·׷ɱˣȻмֱ£ֻԵޣԸæĻǽһ
Ȼ֮ˣոմӺԭмһǵľͬͬ飬ҲԼҪκʹĻ󣬲ûйر̬
ƽЩʧˣ˭ҲΪ˸ոʶ֮ȥգΪԼ˽뷨Щæһ˸յأæɹĸɲϢ
˿ӣһƲϯţҲ˯㡣鲻ϰɽ˯ҹȥ֦Ϣٻ
˯һ԰ڷżöҰøɾҶş̌ۿȥĺ飬̽СԴڴ
Ҽ޸ժģлǿԡƽ߹Լ޵Դ˵
ҰᣬûСɽ𣬵һſȫˡ
ڴ˽ס죬ָúܿ죬ûµʱҲƽδԡҵۼһֻһͷⵣݵòˣʱ̶Ҫƨɺ档ϲһһֻ
ڼ䣬ƽżɿǱڹľ̽Ϣȵ죬˳ػ˵ǽչ۲쵽شӿڵĴֱˣм϶ȵźԭѾ뿪ǲְأʱҲ͵͵Ǳĺʱ
ʯеĳӶڴĥ˽ŵıսҵƽ֣л⼸յʱҲ뿪ˡ
ƽͷƻ˳ǳɹ˾ȳȥСɽͶ𣿡
ûüش𣬰˵ȻҴﻶӭǡ
յദҲͦϲҵ̣ϣԺٴμǡ
ҪСɽƽȥľ壬ɽǱͬȥ
ܱߵÿ죬Ǳԭȥʱൢ죬ļ˵ģʹñֱӽ졣
ȻշɳȥûԶ㷢˲Զϵ
һֻѺһūҲľķǰ⣬ǰƽ˵Ľ·ײϡ
ðʹ䣬ȥƽѣȴû뵽δص棬˾Ѿ
ʻĹľ˻ƣôȻɭðôˣһϵūǣʱȻⲻǰЩߵǻū𣿻һͶȥƽ˴һƬ
ƽҲƣҲû뵽ôɣȻײѺūĳӣֻӲͷƤָӭս
ʵ̫ˣһβɨȥĵ߰˸ˣƽ˵ֻľʹì͹ÿλ󢣬ֺֻۼºԲƵĻۡ
βȫǿĲλƽʱ˩סūΪͷȫսľ˽β⿪Ⱥū˨ͽͨͨ޴ϣʱβ£ҲܲԶ
ʻĹľͬ벽󽫾ֳңƽˡ
ɢлȴˣ
ƽһ߶β͹һ߸Ǻû˼ʻָӵֻһֻҰޣȰǸľ˽һֱӭж⡣
ͬʱǸľҲʶƽǵͷ±תĹƣֱֱر㳯ƽһ˳ȥ
žһʯӶıӣŭسʯӵĲݴ￴ȥɪɪ̡
ƽΪĸףȻĴʯһ·Ǻ棬ʱҪ˺ף̲סõ˿ʯӳȥ
ŭըƺоˣʱͬѸεݴԱߣβҪȥ
ƽĿѣôҲ벻Լ޻ܲ˵ȥȴ
ƽپ֮ʣֻšಡһһŽβļʸǰХɲǼ䱬˾
󢷢ʹ˻ֱӰѱϵĹľˤͷҲصս
ƽĺ亹еĳìǸɱӵĹľһìġ
ֳֹڰߵ˵һ仰
ˣʡ
͵͵һ漴Ӱı
ðɣȻȥǱţȥȥͻأԼౣء˵꣬鸴ַɻϣԷԶˡ
ֻǶԸһͷ󢣬Ͳȫûʵ˷Ĳ¡
ֵܣƽǰһ˼ӵȫƿ
ڿνȫļƻҲôȫһֱ
ƽ˵죬ܺüѾ˲ʵˣΪֵ˵ǡ
ľѾɱˣūûܰʱ͵ľĴҲɡиƻ֪ԸԸ
δ˵꣬ƽ㼱ӦȻԸ⣡˵ʲôҶ㲻ӵľˣҵġȻұ곤ӽԺ磡
Ҳ׷׸ͣղǾһʵȫסˡ
̾˿ֻϵӸˣԼµģҲҪ
ˣ˵Ǵ𣬾ͶҵģǲҪ͵͵Ǳ룬Ҫؽ

ʱ䵹ص֮ǰ
ͷԲɢԡ
ۿҹʱѾȥ룬Ҫʱ춼Ҫˡ
˰죬˵ܷ򸾣ëûҵֵ̽ȿǵ10%
˰죬Ҳˣӽҳһž޴㶹пţò˵С㶹ʺ
ţǰȻЩˣǰԶһƬһֻͷǵİ¹վںߺˮ
ˮӳٵɫǻԣ֮ƣ̲΢ɾ¹飬ȴûһ㣬غźˮͷɢŵķɫĹ⣬һֹֹ½С
鲢ƻ£Ҳֻ·ˡ
ˣ֪ûмһԶܷޣҲסƬɭġ
¹Ư˳ǸԵģӦ˵ɡ
¹̧ͷγ۾Ƭ̣˹
ǰ΢΢ͷ­
Ҫȥ𣿡ʡ
¹ֻ˵ǡ
㷭˰¹ıϣ¹ȣ˲Ծ˳ȥ
ӰɿӹƺƬָϤ鲼ּҲ׼ȷرϷľ֮ӯصԾ˿»ײ׮ʯ
ͷڱʱڿŵâߡûסǣб⻬¹һУܵˡ
ûã¹һѨǰͣƫͷĿĵصˡ
ı£Цлл
¹û뿪Ƕŵǿ㶹
ԣ
û뵽¹Ȼ㶹Ȥ
ҧˣٸøµġ
ӽҳһ㶹ݸ¹ǾţȻһں㶹ȣԾȥ
ǰĶѨǰѨֻǰмɵķ㣬Ժܷ򸾲ôɾ
ʣ𣿡
Сĵرܿѣ溰һɤӡ
һᣬиOO@@ĶűһصĽŲһͷΪ׳˶ĺܴӶ߳α˳ѣдŲͷ
飬࣬𣿡
ȻţıӶ˶߽ŵԣϵζܸɾ㲻࣬ɣ
ͷСɽɽǰЩȥׯ˺ӵľɣ
ô񱨳ģ
̰ڳļƣȻɴܣʤ㣬Ҳ־ܣοķ˻桭
͵ġ
ƽú㶡
֪Ǹ͵ǿضŻȥĺӡһᲹǵʧǵĴشǵĿֻţǱ뿪֣ұ֤ٻѰ𡣡
ʲô֪ǿŹʵжҷ˾ͲһȫǸɵˣ
Ϊίغ¾Ѷӣֻһ͸ϽƵط˵ͺ
¹ʵܸɣҲͬЧǻûҰޡ黹ƣֻԣ˵ѾĽ׶ˣ˵ӦҲҪǹʵˣԭǸõġ
ɾĺܻһֻůܡ
ϵͳ̳û¹ʵˣһ
ϵͳеģۼһֵ
ʱһƹôɱҡ
ϵͳϵͳ̳ڵĶ۹ƽ͸ڿһ˵ڷ˵磬һ¹ʵļֵɵһߵ磬һſʮʯһмС
жֵ̳ǿɰ㰴һʮĻʶһʯַ֧һֵֻܿؾеĵλá
ϵͳĽͣ޲쳤̾¸·ϵİʯ
⣬ⲻˡֻû2ֵϵͳ̳һͨıīֽ漴ʣдһ֡
ܻڵ⳥£ݹһֽ˵㿴𣿡
ֻצСؽӹŴıֽܲʶ֣ҿ飺дɶ
ȿȣձɽôæûʲôֵǮĶȸǷ˵
Ƿ
ţдţСɽɽǷܷʮʯʮƾǷСɽȡʯ
Ȼʶ֣ҲֽϵСŶ˵ĻȷʵһضˣץץԴȻоﲻԾȵȣʮꣿ
ļ磬ĳ˵˵ʮ껹ǵָһӼ¶ģɽסܵ˺ܲ˵ġ
㿴ҴӦ⳥ˣǲӦáίʵ
ܰǷ۰۰Ҹ£ߵ˵һ쵽㲻˵Ҳ׼뿪ˣ·˵أΪû¹ʵڴס˼꣬ڹûˣҲûˡҷ˯ѣһߡ

֪Ͳ⳥¶ˡ
ˣ뵽ʲôǲǻһֻܣʲôͷΪʲô㣿
ǸǸ̥Ȱ㻹Ǳȥĺá
һֻܣͷˣֻһҲ֪ϰףϴδǰƣڻûã·һȳһȳģҲ֪ͷĸˣȻΪȥ˺ֱͬ࣬еİࡣ
ϵͳϲ֮ŭѡѡѡһԶʧܣؾ-20%ʱ1¡
ǷǣΪܷ壬һжеǿУϡBUFF޵İ߽ܵκʱ12¡
ϲһѽʱ򿪲鿴
ϵͳһй̥
δͷܣȴǰδеĺ棬ΪʲôᱻͬӶΪʲôСʱͦҵͷܣʲôҪĵط
δ֪
Ϊ̽ɺɴֵ̽ʧܲ޳ͷ



29 
⻹һνӵ̽
ֵ̽µǲż, һ̽10%Ľȣ㲻񣬻ʮҲܰ̽ˡ
еġκBUFF, ͦʵõ, ԺߣҲͷֲ֯¡ȺӲԵˡ
ڡй̥ǵʱɡ
鷢ʱ, ضм, æµһϣڽ㶨, Сɽ
ȷɻɽ, 󷽵Ľ硢յԺ䣬ֱ߽Լ, ֻ̾С, ſߺ˯
ָԭ, Ĵռ˴룬ϲһȦŤŤıĵطճ黨ɵĵطϵ˵ϣһǻõĽ
ʵڿȥ, ɴ½⿪ƽ˵϶Ȧ, ĲͷƯĺᡣ
ǿŶԵó, ָ˸ֻֻ, ˯֪޾, ۵, ÷˸, ޷ذѶƤ¶˳
СԺƧţڴ˺ú˰ɡ
ҹĻδʣ鴫ͻСԺŵԼСѡ
ʵ̫ۣһ˯磬ڼ䱻˵㶫ر˯˸
ֱѣһۣͿһʣͬ顣
Сɽ봺һꡣ
Ӵ𣬹СӰŴԺ꾰ðһũֲͳø
Ŵ춯Ťͷһʪ͸ܵͬһ㣬βµˮ
ѽ磬զܳ죬ȥ߿ȥ
״æ鲼Ӳ
ޱƣ峿ŵʱ컹ģߵɽ׼ʼڲҩͿܲ㵱۷Ȼߵһ룬궵ͷؾͽˡ
ŲĹ¯ԣѳʪ͸´һԣֻһ߿һһճҰȡ
Żӵž죬һȵҰ¶ǣ˺⡣簵ɱˣôһոɲˣ·ûô
鱾֪ʲôԸϢôϿͣ˵Ը
ⳡ겢˶ϲ
Ȼɽֲƹܲı仯ԸԸҲĪ
µֲܳȥڴšȻĽһǽһûüִϵͳ塣
ֻ岢ŵһԭʻɫĽܳ׵ˡ㿪һ滹壬Ϊý⽨۽ԼŽ
ĿǰӵеĽֻһ۽ݣҲ֮ǰлéʮ
ཨϵͳӦ˵ĴݡʩԼӹԭϵĽʯ߷ľֽ֯ﷻȾȵȡ
ý̡̡µꡢջҽݡԺȳ
ĳЩýҪΪǰãҪ̾͵ȽµҪ֯ﷻṩƥҲҪȾȾɫ
Ž˼壬ҪԺӵŲܽõġ۽޷ͨӾĽḽһЩõԺBUFF
⽨ϵͳֻصظһر̵˵ڴԼĳЩʿ
۽⽨ֵֻͨͨȡ
ھסéݣֻҪ50ֵܽһдԺ䡢ԺȺüֿʽѡСʱԶɣҪ
éͼˣ߼һм̵ľݣʯשש߷ֵŵĺԺľ¸¥ȵȣҪֵҲ𼶵ġ
鶼ۣﵹǲȱӣһȺéһµĺԺҲͦΥͣԣһʵЩĻ
ϸڻ￴һȦòƲʯľ֯ﷻ
ʯԿʯͷͿʯԺסϼ̵ʯͷˣľũߺһõũʡ²ٵ
ȥ黹ǴȽ֯ﷻ
ʳסУ»ʳǰһλⳡ΢Ĵ꣬ʶҪԣǴ϶չڽ궬֮ǰôҪؾǶ²С
Ѻ޻ϵͳ̳ԻҲ̣ڿʼֲ֯ȫü
ϵͳȷ֯ﷻ𣿡
ʾ֯ﷻҪӦĴܲʹãĿǰѷӵĴֻλԣ磨ҩ£⿣вó֯Ĵ񡣡
ϵͳҲͨҵз֯Ĵٽ
磬Ȱ֯ﷻɣûд֯ǲˡ
ֻһ
֯ˣ
°룬ֻϻᣬԭ˷ݳ֯У࣬ӻ˴šҲɣǵӣ˵ڳڣҲøǰˡ
ϡ
õϢھϢѰңصŮֻһС£ԺŵŮˣиӽʱᰣҲĿСϮظǸӡ
ԭѽĬĬˡ
ⳡһһҹȵ֮ʱɽ߶ݵسһѤĲʺ磬Ҳˮϴտһ磬ڼһĴǷ׷׳֡
Ϊûնɱܷ򸾣һؾԼ20%ĳͷһ쿴ҲûͷʲôԵĺֻǷŴĴЩҹ
һҹϴ񣬵һ;޴㶹һµƬֲҲڳССĻǶ䡣
ʱͷ̫Ȫõ˵ֲۣƬֲԶûо޴㶹ÿ죬ŸոսỨ
ڵڶµֲũѾ˾ѣϵͳͨ׺͸ӣʣµûũӦöֲˡ
ä￪ֲӣҲˣôǲע⣬ƿŨȪֱũ֮С
ũϡ
ｲϵͳûʾϵ²ܱҪؽӴˣۿ׿ڳϲС
ϾõȫϦദۿǴԡɹҩ˳ġ
ǺܵϼҵԺǰҸȷһǲĻ֯
ոţؼԺդԣȻоԵĲݴԶ£һ
ͷһã
ö˶ϵĲѺˮ飺ˣﶼʪġ
ָôʵȽںٻ̽š
ʪצӣû£ͻԼĶѨڱչδļǼˡǸ㲻ôżʲô
Σ𣿡ֻİȫ
ᣬǿԺǳϣֻʱ⡭
ҼԺʲô
ûδ˵꣬һ۵ȻŤͷϵĶʱᰲ֪ʱվԺſڣ
ŵһ飬һţæĻ
Ǹֻ·
תѸٵض޺Цݡʱŷ֣Ļﻹһֻӡ
ǣ
ʱ֣˶ӿǡǡɣոպڸ˭˵
ŶֻȻҵĳҲˣղں˵
£ɵؾͰԼ©Բ˻
ǣʱᰵĿƿеĻϡ
ֻӺ÷ʺԲëҲϸһ
ʱŬסԼߣëȴճ˻ϣôŲ
鲢죬Ҳ֪ǽסڴ峤ҵˣϾ죬ϢڴﶼˣöרȥҸ顣
˵ҴɼСﳤôݰףѩɰСͯƵģһҲĺӡ
ûԲȤͣñ鲻Ҳ۾һӣûʲôر֮ëԲģǿɰˡ
һҪ˼ҵĳʵ̫ʧˣԸʱôŲ˿ڡ
ȻСֲ˼˵ıŤԭô׽أⲻˡ
Żãǰһһëġ
ʱ۾βסľϲɣ𣿡
Ȼ
ô˵ʱᰱ㲻ѹԼԣԴȻһҲӣſҪҧҺʱᰶÿ죬ʱ˻
סʱεԴ
鵱ѻ¶һ΢Цม
ÿ鿴ƳʵΪв񣬶ʱȫԹԵسʱ᰼һʮ΢Ц
ˣɣ
ٶȰѻõݹȥ߱۾һӢ¾ı顣
ʱ̽ٶֿȻˣʱһشͷߣβ
ίСԹŤͷһ˫ˮ۾Թ顣
أҲɾˣôұһë
¶ѣ̰ɡ
ͻš
ʱᰶëĴУ֣ػصߣ˺ü顣
õҲһʼĿܱߣ÷еܵۡ
ǿЦ⣬Ȼѣ漴ذͷŤһԣǲϱëģ
˻ó䵱ܿʱ
ʱ᰺ʣĻƽʱôѵģ
ͷҲûôѵȽϴ
ƽʱʲô
ʲôԡ
㶹𣿡
Եġ
ʱᰵܻؼһž޴㶹˻ǰ޴㶹ĲߣǴʳˣÿÿ˺ü
øտʼͦϲ㶹ǽնٶٶԱЩˣǰ͵㶹˿̲ûʲôʳ¼A
ʱ᰻Ϊ԰԰
ÿͰ͵ؿ˿飬ںߵ(biʾ(po)£ֻܿǰצסӣǱһӿ㶹
Եúÿม
ʱȫôĿʳٶˣôһ㶹ҪһʱأӲգ۵Ĺ򣬾Ҫ㶹Թˣѹֳôʡ
ŴЦ̼ĥһ߱վһ˵
еˡȥˮ𣿡
л˵
ãҲҪӵ


30 
Ǹ
˵ÿ, ʱᰶ˵ǽԼԺ䡣
һСɽð, ˸ڻһ, ׼ųԡͼʱᰴæݣһ㶹˳ȥ, ׼ȥ, ̽ͷһӾȻһСѾͷ, СѾͷﻹһֻë׵Ļӡ
ⲻҼСѾͷ
ʱǰܺ, СѾͷ˱ˮָӵһ, ɺز, ԼҶӵԸжƧ, ǲ֪
ǰǸƵӣԴ֮ʱ᰾һˣ˵, Ҳͬĺ֣ʱԺ﷢, ʵƼˣͺ͵ϵϺϵĲ˵
Ϻܵȥʱ᰻᳤, , ˵Ҳ, ϴֱ㳯Ժ
Сһһ, ΧŻĵġ
ҽ, ԽҰ顣
ҽʱᰣֻ𣿡
ûУͽлáֺüֺ
֪ѧлɽãɽľӣҲرһüСӡ
ʱᰶСоӣЩ˼Щڴؿ飬Ժ˱͸һֻ𣿡
ΪѵͷֻðѾġ䡱ȻСɽɽҰĺҲȷǷ
еˣĻҾһֻ㡣
öۣ޲·ҷ
ﻹû
̧ͷϣá
Цͣ飬Զٷɣҽ
á
һڴӦϱĬĬվ󣬿ǸҼңĿϡ
ôϹ֯£˵飬ҿˣĻҰ첹һ£
񴩵ǰľ·滹ż鲹ȻȹǾɵģǲ˿֯ĳӣû˴УҲûö첹ꡣ
аѺũ˲ŮϾûʲô츳ˣŮĻƶ˼ɣȴƫƫҲŪߣѲƤҩ涼ŤŤš
Ҳ֪ԼڴĲʲôʱߣ֮ãҲ⣬лл
ϴӳóһߣ¡
ֻͨһ㣬գۼ䣬ߵĲͱ˿Ϸطˡ
úÿ졭Եؾ̾
𼱣ٸĸӡ
ֻ˸ɫ˿ߣĲʲô
һϽЦ˵ˣ㿴ϲ𣿡
鷢ԼԭĲƶ״С˲ͬͼСµƺͺҶԴһЩĲһֵֻӡ
Щͼ׺·ʱҲԳ¾ˡ
ϲҲ̫˰ɡ۾⣬д
ⲻʲôЩ򵥵зĻˣҾܷĲ²һѡǫ͵
ϵͳ㷢ؾü֯ҡ塿
Get
ĿĴﵽϵĲҲһĸŮأҲ⣬¶ʱϵĺøжȱ
ϲɣƣǸš
鷵؎?Ժ䣬ֻʱ᰻ߣŻãüҵǰشѳĽС
뿪ٲߣҵëҪߣһˣ
ֻ˵Ϊʲô˰ëԼû
Σֻö϶˵ȻȥʱᰣҸม
³Է𣿡ϻʱᰶһᡣ
½㻹ڼ
鱧ŻãҲƵؼæߡ
һϼҵԺţʹ
㣬㾹Ȼңô͸ڻζҲɾˣ
ۺᣬһٿʹ⡣
ôţȥݸ費ͺ
˵ĲֹҵëҵģˣҪԼܺãҵ룡òû١
ٱĳ·Ĵ񿴼úúãȥɣ෢ˡ
õ֤Ļòգһ·ߺܻɽ

ϵͳ֯ﷻڽУʱ5959롿
֯ľѾҵ鼴̾ͽ֯ﷻλþѡǰ滮õĹȻֻһƬտƽء
һСʱ֮յ֯ﷻѽϵϵͳʾ
ʱһ˸ոճ극ڰʰ꣬ȻԺ⴫ǵ
峤ۣͷƾðһӣ
æ鿴ֻڴׯߵĿյϣһռذĶεضƮдš֯ﷻ֡
ҰݵͻȻðһ¸ߴĹ˲עⶼѣ֯ﷻɵ˲䣬дˡ
˲Ϣ֮ƾһ֯ﷻΰɽﻹ˭
λãҲոպøɽｻĲͼﻮֵλǺϡ
ƾճ֯ﷻǶԴ룬֪ɽｵµĸȱ˽ȥ
˴峤ͷҲˣ׷׸ںΧۡ
ֻ߽ʮ̨ľƽ̤֯ذڷųУÿ̨֯ǰһľưʣԱߵĮ̇ϻڷ֯õĹߣγľľߡֵȵȡԺﻹ˿õľܡ糵̨һˮ֯Ҫõ豸һӦȫͲȥˡ
硢Ҳܹ֣￴⹤ľ󣬲ס̾Ư֯ﷻۣҴûǫ̂ĳ
ǰι֯ﷻĴǶ̾ѡ
˷ܵ˾Ҫˣڸ˵зĳˣʹʮ̨ķĳǰ˷ݳǼ֯һһĿǰȽʡĿʽ
ֵǰķĳͬڸԼĺһ㡣
+1
+1
+1
+5
ü+5

һ͸ٶֵ
֯ﷻֵҪ500㣬ͨéݹʮ
Ҳȷʵһּ۸һֻ̳۵Ľװ޺õģʩҲȫҪκζֻҪɳȥ̾ת
¸пڵĴ̫٣˿ٶһ㣬һֱӾ׬رˣȫ׬
ת룬˿Խ࣬ҪĽҲԽ࣬ͻǳһǵġĿǰҲȷʵһˢķ
Щʵȹ̵ľƷ֯ͬ˵غӶ졣
ΪûգȥĶ죬ǳСɽ֮ʱͲ㶳ˣֻյشڼղȡůһȥĵü˵ס
Ҳ֯ǴǶֻũĴֺӣû˶÷ĳԭͽṹûоտĳľգ£ƾð֯ﷻǵһ׮⡣
ĹѸƺóŮÿʱҲڹѯǷЩ֯ϹϵصͷֻҪԭϣ֯ƥȫ⡣
˵ãˣҼǵɽϳҰ飬ǱЩЩ֯
ں֯¶ĴҲ׷֯ﷻǰŶӿ֣ʱûע⵽ոսǶǿũ֪䣬Ȼȫſˡ
Ļζӣۿ𣬲֪ȥ
ˡ
һ󼫾ѹȸеׯƽ
Ķ䶯˶飺ûʲôֵ
ûа
ﲢû⣬ҲǵһμŴķĳһҲûйʲô
ֱյһϵͳʾ
ϵͳϲɹֲɣ
ɣһֹԻܣɢ㣬ζԲɱ˷䡣ó׼ֵ1
ɱ˷䣿
پܵ⣬ֵֻķһƬɱ˷ȺڵǴ˴Ⱥ֮࣬ͬһǵصĴڹߵգԴԴϵطȺɳ
ۼĴҲָһī㲻ȾķȺԱߵˣʲô
տʼԶֻܿһƬţŷȺ𽥱ƽ˷Ӧ۷䣡ô۷䰡
ôһֱɰ
Ÿɶۣ
ʱһţﻹܵ˲ι֯ﷻ׷ױͷܣׯķӴܡ
Щɱ˷Ŀ軹ҪǱһڣҪûˡ
Ƶؿ񱼣ڿȺʱ򣬱㶯۷ع˳롣ײһܵĴѸٵض㵽һԣûбײڵء
ǻڹĴѾһʱȥϵȻڹ˴ʱҪܣȴѾ
ȺķٶȣԶܵÿöֻ࣬»ûܵУѾݵͷˡ
⣬ô۷䰡
ӴķȺ˶ɵˡ
Ŵϣ
鼸ͬʱѿڶ


31 
Ŵϣ
ĺ, ֯ﷻ﷢ˡ
֯ﷻǺĲ֣ɱ˷Ϯķжʮ֧ժ, ʱ֯ﷻ, һӺڵĴܹʮ, æ붯, ȥ֧Ĵ¡
һܵţͻæҡ
̽ȥ, ȥ֧Ĳ, ȴסˣôȡۿɱ˷Ⱥϯƽ, ϼúˡ
һֻۼɱ˷䷢̽, ڹ, Ž㺮âβֱֱض׼ϣһʹβǹ㷢˳ȥ
е֧ժϣͲһˣ״æܹȥ, ż⣬æס͵ĵ׶, һس˻
ʱ£ؼ, ɱ˷βضڴ, ǰָľƴ͸ˡ
ա
ɱ˷ǲûڹ, ƺбĿ, ֻϵɱ˷Ƕڷﲻ, ֻ㬵ظŴ󲿶ȥ
˿һ֮ķȺӹһȥּһҡ
ɱ˷β͸ľ¶һϸâļһشչȥԹԣôβҪϣ
Сж
ֹǸʱ֣öˡ
ɱ˷䣺ͨޣȺ֡β˼̾Զأµ˻ԣɥ
֯ﷻʱȫˣԭȴ֯ﷻ⣬ŶӲι۹ûôˡ
Ҳһʱ䷢˷ȺܣмȽŲģŲСıʯӰģķȺ׷ϣβƤһѪδ˱ȱ˲ԣ˹ȥ
ɱ˷׷ĴʺǷٹֱеĴ񶼶˷ȺǼû˻вֳũķȥ
ԼĪʱĴŵòҴŶԺĶⰲղȳ·ֻǻþ
ȺòѾ뿪ˣ
ֹһᣬеĴ̽ͷȥԺﰲȫĵߵԺſ⿴ֻڲԶũһƬɫĻ䣬ƣüΪʢŨֻ˵ıǵꡣ
ÿɫ϶ſһֻ˶ɱ˷䣬ɱ˷ѻѹˣԴȡŽɫĻۡ
ԭƬɱ˷䡣
Ȼ˱˹ɽͼҲ۲⵽ɱ˷ȥɻ۵һĻ
ڣɱ˷ǱŻģǱģֻҪǲۣǾܰȫȥˡ
ǧεֲӣΪ޴㶹ǰܱũû뵽ֳǻܣһȺɱ˷䣬Ӵ֮֡
ɣֻйãó׼ֵҲֻ1äҲ̫˰ɣΪʲôῪֶ
ϵͳɣȷֲΪ㣬ĳЩʿɵϲȻֲɣǰǷԲûɱ˷ۼܲɣظУдɱ˷̾ᡣ
Ϊɶ˵ҲǰԤʩ
ȻѾмɱ˷Ϯˡ
ϵͳɣǰжʮֲƣϵͳ޷жϡͬƷֲֵܺ;죬äӳǰ޷֪ƷϷðգԻ߼ȥƷֲӡ

ϵͳƲһɶֻϵù
ֹ˰ʱɱ˷Ա㣬糱ˮƬ˻У֯ﷻ˴ʱŸҳ
ôû˰ɣ
ʱ᰸ףۿ켱ˡҶΧ֯ﷻϲ֣ûи֪ɱ˷Ϯ壬Ⱦľ֯ﷻżòˣȷȺһ̾Ѱˡ
û£˰顣
ϸмؿ飬ղҪǰ鼰ʱæһѣضᱻǷһ¡
ʱۼΪ˾ɵצ£Ӵ䡣ΨһҲֻʣˣĸҲ£ġ
ߵǰ֣ص˵һлл
ŪЩ˼εɱ˷¼ɽҲй֮һҪδֲͳһֲȥΧ¼ٴη
磬ȥкüˡ
֯ﷻĵһ£ǽȥЩݵĴǡ˵Ĵܹˣ̱·ߣ˺˵̧ҵԺ簤Ρ
ɱ˷ݹĲλ˿ڵͷ֮ĳȶûƤСؽЩ̰˳ֻʱѸٵرڣȻжġ
͵Ĺİʵ̫ڰεֻ̺СỮ˿ڷŵĶѪ⼸˵Ĵֻһ£Ͼεüʱݡ
˶Ѫ˲ҩ֭Ĵǽתѣļ飬ǷϵԶؾǵ´ǻԵҪԭִ̱沢жֻҪѪ⣬رѪҺӣ±̻ԡ
Щɱ˷䲢ͨ۷ֻһ̣̳࣬ȥʱԼҲǵļ̸˲ȥʮĵ·ԣ֯ﷻĴſϣĴǵķ̡
˵»ԵãдҰЩɢķռԺͷʱЧ
֪ɱ˷´λʲôʱۣϵؾЩɫĻ䣬ҹֲ˿ֵϪΧ
ɣɱ˷ģ֮ļ죬ɱ˷ÿʱ֣ȥɣۣɴɣĸ䳲
ٲȻѴ˴Լĵ̣һ쵽ڿæµز̶ڣϪߵϾͶʮ˸ߵľ޴ѡ
䳲һŴΪʵ̫˳пĵ±ɫķڷ䳲ıԵɵ䵽˵ϣ
ԶԶؿţֱ˷ѣ޲ȥøľһڵϵķָۣҿֻңңŷ䳲ʿˮ
Ҳ۲С޵İBUFFɱ˷䲻ɣԼҪǸȥ͵ۣһᱻȺƢɱ˷ݳɱ
ɱ˷䳲СϪߣƽʱ´ˮڿׯСϪͷҲల¡

СɽɽɽСԺ
ñһֻ룬ʣµĵøɸɾһش˸á
Ӧø񣬴ֻмȽöÿĸļŷСˡ
鲻˼ؾҪֻ˻ѣһ񵰸
ڱչڣԳֲЩС棬⼸еöëˡ
ųԵĶƤ̾Сô
Űȥʮ죬˵ʱҲûˣʲôµ˰ɡ
Ҳ֪Ҫʲôʱ򡭡
ƽû¾ϲ죬Ȼ䲻ˣܾȱ˵ɶ˵ʱΪҴ򲻹ô죿
㱾ʹ򲻹ƽﶼģ㻹𣿡
ñҵ㰲οһ㲻ӵһ
õվȭУҲôķȥҲҪˣ
ϡؿ¿Ҳĥһ죿
ֻȴƣ۾һ󣬺Ȼһǰȥ˵ϡ


һᣬഫȵĺ

֪
һͷߣӳûˡ
ԼԸҪһɽ뻹ûɣֻӵ֮ǰ˿̾
ò˵һ˯ı컹ֵġ
һԺ˯еģʼĽҴԴռҺʲôýյÿգúһ
ó㣬һװžСľϻʮõľ㶹ȥ̽ʱĸڽҲỵ
ǰԳ͵ƣʣһ̳룬䷽һֱһ͸ҲʵĽڣֻȴڽҵĽ䡣
һü˳ϴλ10ֵһųͷ֯Ϸڵİ˿
İ˿ϴǻãôҲ10ֵʡʡɡǣӺɽ̶һͰˮŰ˿һ˽ȥ
һͼŰ˿ӽϳ£Ȼ˺ôŰ˿ͬ˽Ƶģԣô¡
ĥȥֽΪ޷ǾǾƺʹˡպֱ߾оֱ̳С̳ƵˮУҪԳ忴Ҫ˷ѣȻǸʵߣֲȾƣƱǸĿﻹʣһ̳ʱҲ㹻ˡ
˵˿̱̳ƣҪһЩ
ôһŰ˿Ȼûԣӽɢ˳ְһȥ˿ϸˮ̱㱻ˡ
齫Ű˿ָֻз֣Ĵͬ˿һ˳⻬һʹȴֽһӲìܵĴ˿Ͻϵʮֺг
ʲôţ壿
Ű˿Ƽ䣬ȻͷϴһĴ̧ͷȥ϶ʱ־ϲЦ⣺飬
ͷǻһȦȵأ
һˣ˯˵һ߸ߣССףˣôȥôۣ
ǰǸոջ߶㣬뵽ʲôæʣôһ·˳ƽ
ЩȻûǰἰ鿴óǶĴ硣
·˵鷳
ҵľ壬ôɽԭ׷ɱͬƽ˵£һһʮȫǡ
˵Լ鵤³ιںԭﱣסһ֮ʱɫҲ𽥱


32 
˰һ·ȥľľ, δõߵ
Ĺע㲻һɽȻûƷȥ׷ɱһ࣬ҲŰūıо, Ǽʹرסĳ򣺡С, Ϊɶ鵤԰ǲǸƭģ³鵤̻ȥ, ʧΪ, Ŷۡ
ȷʵֻ, δˡ
޹, ԼľΪ˻, 鲻ΪЦ, ĻõԴ, ʵе඼ǻҾ绹ɽȺ඼ǲˡ
㻹ûǵĿúɵ´Ű飬ֹ㻹֮ǰʶİôȥһ, ˵ˡ
ԣƽһȥľǵˣüʵ
ӡǸ侲, ʻԹۣ, ǸɽѾɥҲȥˡ
ͷ˵ɽ⼸ղ, ҾôΣղ, û
֪, һ·, һȥϢ¾ͽɡ˵
ƽһȥūðգˣܸСɽٵ˿ڡ
ʵڲУֻȥһ˹ľˣֻһɽδ̤һɽϽأһսΪǽͷҲ¶ˡ
黹ԥ֮У鲢δ뿪ĬĬֹ
ȥæ
ϣʵҾǵģŻšģɣҲһ
ޱϾޣֻҪϼһﲻڣٶķˣҲȫˡ
Ŀǰɰȥ֧Ԯƺõİ취ЩģһβԼʮ֮δ飬ɱβָķǰȥѰ

ڰǰȥСɽ֮ƽƶ˾˼ƻ
ƽԭĴǣҹɫοأ͵͵Ƿȳ
ƻķ̫ߣľҹﲻѲߵĴһ֣Ӷ뾯״̬ǵֱͲ㣬һΧͻȫû
ԣ͵͵ؽ塣
ǣԼļƻͬƽ˵˵ļƻʵܼ򵥣ԼѺǵĹľˣͬʱƽǰѺ͵ūûпͽͣװūĶö֮ؽ塣
ڹľ壬ū϶ᱻйһǼװɱūһ·ѺūĴӪȥ
ƽ취ãǱӳūϴū࣬ǶȻֱ治ǱķգΨһҪעĵطĳ롣
ߣƽƻϸڣһߣƽǸȥĹľҵ˴Կף˩ϵūǷ׷ͷš
Ѻ͵ūУûƽˣ⼸ɽԭռµĴׯǸЩūˣѡֱ뿪ȥɽĲЪϢһǰ˾ȳһ롣
ͷŵūǸмѣæ³˼ͷȴûһԸ뿪ѡ˻ɽһߡ
һĨŸмᣬΡΡ˵Ǻܶ϶ˣɭҲ߲Զֻ»û߼վͻᱻץȥ˵ǵĴȫЩľռأȥҲͶ
˵סɽϽҲֻӵһɽӻأܱȫˣ׷׶ʾԸСɽ
ǰոѵūˣ˵϶ϣɫ˶촽û˼ڣʵҲŰСɽãѷʳǲ㣬Ҳ֪ôˡ
˼Ƭ̧ͷĿһӹǰˣҵĴׯԸ޼ҿɹˣǰǵСų֮λǺһץȥ˹ľ嵱ūҪȥǡǵֲ㣬ԣϣǵпɵӿԼǡ
ԼһŸոյþȣһҪǷɭϵĹľˣ˭Ҫԥһ
û뵽ǣȺ׳Ӷվ˳ʾԸǰȥȻ顣ǣǣлһСɫŮˡ
ƺǲŮðգŮǰ˵͵ūֻȴûŮūһᱻɵġ
üۼȫǸ֮ɫҽǣǵĴ䣬ŮӺһԣǻﲻʲôæҲԲϺȡ
վźüµŮӣȻǵĸͷߣҲǸĽʵǽеĹ
ãǱһͬȥͷӦ¡
ÿūĶ鶼ˣǵͳֻʮˣǼҲǵԲϣصĻɡȥūеԱټƽˣϵոպá
ȥĹľﻻϣڲҵǿڽľƣľƷһĻһöڡ
֪õôʡ
֪˵ҿÿĹľڣÿƢʱ򣬴һڣͰˡ
ԭˣǾ͸ʡˡ
ڴ˰ЪϢԼǰܵķȥ
ŵϵѪû߶ã㿴ͷϹһֻ۾󢣬ſһʯԱ˿ڡ
ʵ˫󢣬һ֮ͨޣȻͷ󣬵սͬȴһ㣬ŵǸǿ϶ϰ˵ūҲܿϲԳಢʳⲢṥࡣ
˫󢱻ŭʱӰը⸱ܻˣЩľáͰι󢡱ĻŻūⲻ֪Щͷʵ˵úܣһԼǿĶֻ֣Ѿ
ֻ˫һ֪һͰԼϹ࣬ʱĸ׳ĶתͷҪ·ڷŵߡ
ֻһ˫㲻ˣʵʵվԭأ˳ƥ
Ҳ֪Щľôѵ
󢣬ֻصƽ˴
㻹ҵˣ
ƽеشս󢣬Ҫһ᾵ļУȴߵһŵ
ڳͷһйʵӰ
ȻǵļƻȱɲС
˳ڸ档
ۿɫͿˣ˰˫β˩ãÿ˴ǰ棬ūٴγˡ
˫ƽȣͨҪüԦöࡣһ·ľڣǰĶ鱻ڵĿ£ڶǰļūѹ̧ͷŵֱ̿ˮ
ֻͳƶأǷư鶼͸Ѻ͹ľһޡ
ؿһľƣȷɺ󣬻
һ壬ȴٶס¶ɻ󣺡ͷϹһֻۣ
һ֪ū˵ģǸūѾˡ
ǿصĴֹ˾䣺ǻ
ǱûٶʣֱӷС
ֱ鳹׽˴һ
ǿһ˲䣬ҪԼǲǱϳˡ
Ͼǰľ壬Ǵܣв˶Ϊϵǵ˰Ŀۣ˵һζֻǵϵỊ̇١
ɽԭһƤԵʣϵ˰Ѿúܵҹɫ谵ҲӦȫȻϲŶԡ
һжڰƻ˳ؽС
ҹ֮󣬻ڴεĴ񲢲࣬żŻ·һѲߵǰƽ߹·ߣһ·Ŷ˹ѺūĴӪ
ŵƽľһʮƽ׵С䣬ÿڶѺʮūµĿռ䶼ûУһһ˯ڱ˴˵ϣԺȫһδ߽ƽŵ˴ŷƮĶϢ
ηľǰһһغžơıϷǿظ˵һ䣺յūô͵ô
̧˵ĺ󲱾£ȵĿػδ˵ģǰһڣƵصȥ
˵η˽ȥ
Ϲ͵ƻ谵չսȣѲĿأ̵һһҪ״󺰣ͱƽһȭŵ
ƽǽϹŵһԿ׷ַˣҲ˲ЩηǵˣذηŴ򿪡
ĥ˲˹ūǿţһ˿ţԼôػˡ
峤
ƽǼٸнǿЦһԹѾŮӳȥˣΪʲôҪǡ
˵ҲᶪǵģˣȲ˵ЩҷߣҪ⻹ڽӦֻҪܳӣһ·ӽҾͰȫˡ
ƽסģǽȳū⻤͡
һƻͻɹˣֻҪǱܿѲߵһ·ڣѴڵĿشΣֱܳˡ
Ȼƻϲϱ仯˭֪ոճηδ߼ȻһѲĽкׯ
˰췴ūȫˣ
ƽޱȣѾСˣΪʲô۲û˰
˵ҲǵùÿѲߵﶼŵԶԶرܿպȼˣ׼ηﻻһڰ֮Уǡոӳײ˸
һ죬иѺūĹľǶ˯оѣ׷׳ľ˷س˴ӿ
˲ϢĹ˲Χɷ˵ӱ
ūǺò׿ӳȥϣʱأҲǸۣƴȫʹ˴ľҲܻôūɽҪ߶òɿ
ľˣūҲ࣬ƾУȻЩūǱѺգԲ˯ûҪǿܾ㲻ˣľǸֳľ׳һľֻҪһܷŵһū
ľǺ飬֣⣬ذ
ִֺ࣬һȭܴһľǺܿ죬⵽˹ľǵļ
ֻ߷һľ񣬾ľķãȴ㿪Ѿðһƹ׼֮еľȴٳû¡
תǸڱϮĹľѾһˤ̷ڵأǳһЦ̧ۣųһߣ߷һ׼ٶȾٹ͵ϮĴ
ܿ죬ߵūǰ£վŵþͽʣǺƽˡ
ȻЩȭŹ˫ȭѵ֣ǰҶǵˣҲ˺üƹҲѾ˼ޡ
˿Ҫֲס֮ʱ߻һ䣬ڷʩܵĳٻɽ㳲
ЩֱطսȺ֮Уĳ๣׷ֳľĹľǡ
үģôİ
۾ҵ۾
ҵͷ˱ˣ
Щר¶ͷ۾ģľ̼ͱĵͷѪǻסͷľ׷׵ڵأʵ֧Ųסɢȥ
顭
´ߵѪȺһ۾ϳһֻͨѩ׵İ
л˵
psߵʱ򣬾㶹ûֳᵣôˡ
飺ģ㶹ܱ
ҹ¡9п仨ˮ4󡱣10ƮƮ105š10ʲôء2ӳӡ1ľ1߸-ա10ƾþš10	ʱ顱1skyww5嵡1硱111з򡱣7Ҷ7¡3ơ1ơ20֮زز20ѹǺӡ10ջ5
ССؾ͸£Ůʵӭ츲صı仯


33 
, о֣ΪСɽ㲻ˡ
ҴӦҪ㣬ֵ, Ұ˵Ļ, Ӳʳԡ
ճļϣȻ, ·ֻ˳ֶΪ, ֵһᡣ
ȫз飬һ˿Ϲ޷˵Ѫ, ԺȺ, һ£ԲǶ, ȸ𿡢ҹݺӡž顢ӥ, ѻèͷӥ, ֹֻ
ƽҲǴϲǰ뿪ΪǺ·ʶʱ˱ֵˣδ뵽Ȼǡ
ս˲ת
ֻ񼯻𹥻Ŀ³̶, ȫѷɱ˷ȺǶм־֢, ֱǵľһ׷ɢӴܡ
Щū˾˰, »ҪһЩ
ƽǽ˵ūǷ, , ܵĹ⣺Ȼ, һ, Ѻūȫų
ľѺūηĸֱڴӵĶǣ򿪵ηλߵĴӪηͬŲٱū
ЩֹĿʵͨûоͳѵͳЩȫװǲԶˡڹľ壬ūԶȴҪ࣬ʼûͳһ췴ԭһΪԭɵԶЩܷģֻҪָǾ֮ء
ūմԵöȵķˣȻҲûʲôգԭأЩҲٻȺˣ볹׽Źľ壬ʲôʱھ߸ʱ˺أ
Ȼܾ飬ЩūҲǺԭǮģǿֶιռЩ˱ӵаȵȴҪɲ衣ѹľһˣҲĸ֡е
ʱληūĵ֪淢ʲô˶ˡǶֻ֪йľлǷūܣŻʾ
֮ǰҲûūӣûӾͱץ˻ܲɵū³ֻһǱ
ľ彨ūηɹӳȥūֻƽһˡ
𽥱ƽĽŲūǶŵñͷһˣ˵ūȻΧץסˣЩΣٲûҪʹһ٣ʾ档
ű򿪣ūɪ̧ͷվŵĶǺһūִˣǲγѣ¼ӵԼ׾죬ʹ顣
ʱԶѩУɽѺȲ۵̸ĺԭôҲ뵽һ͸µķˣһٶܵūһֻޣڶ̶һҹ֮䣬ͽϳװˡ

صСɽɽ
ĿŰȥǰЩ
û뵽ôҪɽϽǸкԭɽֻǰɽۻϼΣͷŴüĿû뵽˽¾˹
ͷƺ׵磬ʵǱǿࡣСɽδչһʵǿĵˣЩڣʱͲȥľ塣
Ȼ˭뵽ȥڴׯһͲɱ֮ðһ·У治֪θһҽˡ
üĻϲûյʱ䣬ַˡ
ٸȤ˸ǷôæҲ֪Ϊ˭Ϊ˭æѽˣүҼȥˡ
Ȼʲô䶯˶צ·飺ˡ
ɽͼһɲһ乩Ʒǰΰˡ
鴩磬㵽ɽֻľó£ǰźá
ɽ֯ﷻĵһ£顣ص
֯ﷻɺĵڶ죬֯ȥɽϿЩҰ飬֯ԭϡ
ֻһ˻Ĳʵæ帾Щ帾ƽʱũҲҰˣСɽųԲľ㶹ҲǵҰӣǱոϴѧϰôߡ
һϵҶŽ顢ߡǣγۡͶ󡢾ȡһϵеĹ֮СɽԲĵһƥ鲼ͳˡ
ԭֻѰ飬֯Щ΢΢ĴֲڣʤڽʵʹϵļãƳ˼ʽ򵥵¡
Ҫ뽫ƥƳɾÿĳ£Ҫµ꽨ԼҡĴӪСɽĴûôི·ֻҪܴɡ
󲿷ֵŮӶ򵥵طңҲܽƥóֻûǰÿˣĿǰ֯ﷻĽȣֻҪԭϳ㣬ԼĲƥȫԸ㡣
䲻帾ǻļ򵥷ңϱϵͳע÷ҡ֮䣬ж٣ְֵսȥҪ˶ãͻеڶóĴˣʱܰѳýµˡ
֯ﷻŸոտʼǣ˵֯ﷻæ˻ȸ£ѧϰ֯Ĵ帾ǴһʼڱҪŶӡ
ˮھˣĵһΪƷɽ
ƽԼȹԭģҲ֪ʲôʣ֯ģƷ޳УҲƽﵹòЩ¡
ɽϵҰʱ֯ԭϻԼֲСǰ˳Ѵ̳һѺ޻ӸΪֵֻ࣬һ
ӹЩӣȻж
һ£ɽ㲦ϵһ̵ɫȺɱ˷Ϫ˲ٵķֻۣЩȺͣ˿öϮ֪ɽʲôӣȡǷ
ɽ͸ǻ֣ԲҪɱ˷ϮǣЩɱ˷ڻ︽Ƿ۵ķ䳲ȻʶɽﶨǷ۳ԣֻޱ벻βժ۵ķӡ
գиĴͲסȥ½һۣ̤һͱɱ˷ΧŹЩ
£ҲţҲԷ۰ֻɱ˷ȺͬڶѨȺͷ֯һ㣬ֻҪûнһ򾡣ͻᰤݡ
ֻı仯֮ǸƼܣ޷Ⱥ
ԴԹժ۶Ҫȫװͷɷñ߷Щɱ˷β綤һ㣬ľ嶼ƣʲôʵķܷЩβ룿
ȵȣȻ뵽Ŵӳͷ֯ϳѨõİ˿ϴʱͷǰ˿ԼǿҲ޷նϣ֪ܲ֯ɲϣɷ令
˵ֻƬ̣漴ɽƮһŽƵ˿ߡ
˿ʵͣȥ˽֯ﴩϣֵܷɱ˷Ĺǵ񵭵Ů˵
ϲæֽӹŰ˿֪ɽһа취
ɽ֮̾Űȥ֯ﷻ
ϰŰ˿ϸĦֻ˿ʸк⣬δֵ͵˿ߣϸͲ˿ǲ࣬ƳɲƥӦûʲô⡣
˵ɽｻģҲǽϣһʱŰ˿֯˲ϡ
ǲᱡȴʮ㣬ͨ߸͸ֻüŲ棬ɾƤƵı콺ƴϣǿƴһµ״
˵Ѿ˿ɣæȥǲǷֵܵɱ˷β롣
ȡһǰɱ˷β룬ԵȥþҲδƣȥ˰Ƿ뵱ôһҲӲûܶȥ
ϲѩ׵ķ£С

˵峤ҪɷۣСɽĴѶ׷׸ۼСϪԡ
ֻһϪ֮Ķ԰ʮ䳲ب֮ϣһķ䳲һӵĸ߶ˣȰƻɱ˷ſڷ䳲ߣβɱ˷Ķҫػζš
飬ˡ
ǰ˿֯ɵķ£Ҫס
峤㲻ȥһɶ£˭ܰ
һҪȥۣڴæֹ
˭
Ȼһʣ˲û֨ˡ
ɱ˷׺˭ȥ¾ܷܲסɱ˷䣬˭Ҳ֪ⲻԼעô
˵ɱ˷ݹ˵ͻԣ·ŹѪ˲ҩݹĵطԻʹܺü졣
ȺĬĬԹţ˿ֵܵɱ˷Ϯǿɾ׬ˣǴ˵пԵֵ⬼ף
ڳͷ֯Ѩⶫȡ֮̽ϣȫƾ衰޵İBUFFɽѨɼְ˿һСıȺֱ֣سɴ紫ͻء
ЩᣬĻǱۡ
Ѿǽķжˡ
ûӦɣ˭Ըһȥɣ˴ɵõķֻһУӽһٽ㶹¡
ЩЩ⶯̧ͷһȺױɱ˷䣬ʱηˡ
ɱ˷Ⱥ׷ܵĳ˶ء
۳Ͽɹ۸߰
Ȼо½Ǳקһ£תͷʱվ΢΢ʣԷ𣿡
ͷȻ
ȥժ
ʱȫûԥ峤Ըȥ


34 
ôһСȥ, С޼ұܣǲ֪Щɱ˷жΣۡ
δش𣬴Ǿ͸Ͻסʱᰡ
˵, ֻҪǼ·, Ͳ±Ⱥô
ʱᰵһ䷴ʣѴǶסˡ
ô˵, ǡ
ʱɻüѵǲ
һ, Ǹˣæͣ峤, ǲǸ˼
һԿ, ǵĵӣ˱Сǵø, ˵ֻһȺֵֻ֪صͨ, Ҳʶ, δ֪ðվ񣬲Ҫ˶ӵС
ȥȥɡ
ϳΧ˿ɵķжǿġ
䣬Եļ帾òŵ
Ϊ˼, ҪԼҺðķգĺ
ȫȻ˵۹, ùǼʱϸ
꿴, ˶, ȴ, Ժ, һΪһе, ĸһ
ˣЦеظ˸Դˣȥɡ
ٶ䣬ֻʱᰱѴȣ˹СϪ
ʱᰵδ˵ĳߴķ°ڶϵ˵ϣȫʵʵ
ʱߵϪˮ԰̧ͷһÿз䳲Ĵֻÿ䳲ĸ߶ȶĸͷҪߣֻ°᲻˴ķ䳲ǿȥժСĽ䳲ˤ飬Ǳòʧˡ
ѰһȦĿһֻδС䳲ϣȻСķ䳲ҲʮŬŬӦܰö
ǣֱֱسǶС䳲ȥδߵ£ЩæŴ䳲ɱ˷ǲأӷ䳲̼չϮ
ɰǧźĶ룬ˢˢسʱȥСϪ԰ĴǶ˰ѺСĺͯס۾ҿĻ档
Ȼǵص£ʱᰲδɴ⬣Щβһϵķͬڵϵӣգۼͱ
ָĶ붣˵صһأʱ᰷ֺδˣûоκֻβԼϷδڰŽҶϵ졣
ɱ˷ȺǴʱҲˣ
ɱ˷ɲκвʱż⿪ʼժһŷ䳲һֻȥ䳲ɵӴ
䳲ҵػζţеɱ˷䣬ǳȺӵֽһҵĹȻֱǰѶﴢļʮβգʱδһ¡
˳ѳķ䳲£ʱ᰽䱧ڻУʩʩȻԭ·ء
һȺ֪롢ӿտյɱ˷䣬ǽͷӶһȫ֪ʲô£˰Σֻܽȥ³ˡ
ʱᰰժʤʵ˲ݵϣǽһȵؿǹ۽ķ䳲
ô׵ɱ˷ȺƤӵ°ѷ䳲ժˣ
ʱᰰѷ
һ˭ȥʵ
ң
󣬶
û˶ı꣬Ҳȿֺվ˳
䳲һβܲժ̫࣬ɱ˷޴ţܾܿʹȥֻλ񣬶ûбѡеĴ׷װ̾·һڡ
СɽĿǰʷ䷽ʽǶͶãȥ۵ȻֵҲ࣬Ϸ۲֪Ҫȵˡ
ΪˣǼõķ۾Ͳ٣ټʱᰲɻģʵòٴ۲ֻڸղûվ
ʱһ۳ݸ飺𡣡
Ҳӹҧһڣ۵ζ˲͡
ţ𣡡
ѷۿ鵱һҧţڲ˵J𣬸ǻ۵㣬Ұ˿ûбóԵˡ
سеķۣ˱˱ָֻݶȾˡ
䳲һ룬òͽҶһȥҼáʱᰴ󷽵úܣھ͸һ롣
һ˵Ҳжʮҧָ룬˷ҲףҲݣ˵ʱ᰸磬ģҾͲҪźԡ
㲻ãһͼȥ
ʱ᰹ִ˵ǸĺӣǼԣȥժ˻
ЩȻ˵Ϊ˲٣ʱᰲǸģôȻôˣȥɱ˷ϮǴΣ֯ﷻһѣűɡ
С
ϲġ
ûپܾЦʱᰵİ䳲
ʱСӣô۳Ե𣿡
СڷַۣǱŴ˹϶ЦԲһ㣿Ȼ˷Ѱ
ǣҪҪС۳ԣڳĸ屲ƾɶָ㰡
Աдŭ޳о
ǹŲӻ죺ʲô£ΪҼСҪģӻûãûȥӪ
˵ҲóʱûСˡ
ǰСǴĺĶܼżСѾܵӰھѺĻָڣ·˲ԺҲٳ
Ĭؿʱᰣ뿴᲻ᱻռˡ
ԲʹⶫҲỵʱһ˻ȥ

ûƳСһ㬣˵ϻԱأҲݲ۸ԼҺӣֻûˡ
ٱĹǷۣʱᰵ䳲ѷ䳲г룬һϽûؼҡ
鱾ΪԼ಻ôķ䳲ڻ㣬ԻԶʱСһ·ܵ÷ɿ졣
Լֻ۳ԣ֪ô䳲ͨȻȻؽ
ѷ䳲ֲʿֻںķ۲棬һӼ㣬涼ǰװֵķӼһѷӼŵ
ɱ˷ӼͨӼĸͷǴ࣬һԿŶֹס̿ˮǸߵѽ
ը֮󣬸ѵõζһҧ
Ӽʣµķ䳲ʯʳ׵飬ɴ˷ʣԭʼİ취ۺͷ
Щʱͼλ̧䳲ҪɽķۣһҪȥøɾһЩ
ڷķ룬ɽӦòԼˡ
;кܶ࣬֬֬Ҫ÷ҩǱȽϡеϵҩġ
ƻʱ֣ɽҩҵ磬˶ķæ˷ܵض²ҩ¨Ϲˣָɿ飬ҩ䴢棬һæµ
ŵϣһ̵ըӼһõ㶹ۡ
㶹ɵۿڸQŴٽķۣһ˺ü롣
ҰֻУ󣬶ԼҴſھһƬ䳲Ժٲȱ۳ˡ
Ʒζﲻؾ뵽
ʱһ벻ڳԷۡͷҧһۣ̾ȥôãҲ֪ʲôʱ
ʹδôù縸һֱǼĶһڣܾ˼ְȫС
ԤУգһ
һߺˮķˮʳһȭƶ
ôʲô֪
Ҿ֪
У˻Դ
ɶû֪ö࣬Ժ󳤴ˣǿȥǰ̨ЦŴȤ

զô׼ģɣ
ɻԼô
磬˵ǼҰôƯ?ҿԺ󱣲׼ЩһɣõŶԡЦӯӯط
һü:úÿȥ?ҲȥҲУҲǿԡ

ˡ
Ȼȴò˵õֵﻹܴġ
ڣúòÿɵǷйأǲмǸɽˣߵ磬һŲ֪

յʱת˲ţգۼ͵˺ͰԼһˡ
˼ӵķۣԵֶǣ޲Ӷݽ۹Ӿ
ۣۣҰۣ
õֻצӶȾ˻ɫһצӹմһ㵸رƷɽݶ
ջǰ˵ĻಢһǴڳ棬ǺôүƷζǺһգ
𶼳ԹǵøС׺Ͱޡ鶣á
ڸķ۴޶ʳˣһҲԳȥһӣ߳һںֻ̳ơ
ҸСһޣ߾˰ɣأƻ˶ˡ
ûûεغۣеǳϣɽͼ˴ڵķʱ̹۲ûӰ
ۿ̫Ҫɽֱڰָͷʣµʱٲһˡ
ڻֳһ޷ʱ̲סУҵȲˣȥɽǡ
ƮɽϿգͿڲԶɽͷСɽı߽磬һƺСɽķ
֮һͷ
Ϊ׵ļѾ뵽СɽأæŴɽͼֻΪ׵˹Ȼһͷ֪滹Ľޱϣݡ
ЩѵĹľū
Ԥ뵽ܻһЩˣû뵽Ȼô࣬ɴ󳬺Ԥˡ
˫󢣬ԶϤĴ䣬Ҳһĳȡ
ڻˡ
ƺƵѴŵòᣬԶԶؿŻΪʲô޹ˡ
ֱ߽ڣ˫ıϷ£ֱ߽ׯǲŷӦҴɻ!
æñĶӣδü˵强վһȺİˣͷС󢣬ʱ͡
⡭ʲô
ģЩ޲ˣæסףվˣ̶󢱳ϵƽǵˣߵ϶Ŭ˺Ƶ΢Ц
ǡЩǣ
ǶǴӹľӳū޴ȥǰϣСɽӡ͵
ūĪ
ӣ˵ͷڸϸ˵ҪôȰ


35 
ūӲ˴ׯ, Ʈƶ֮ϣϵͳ˸ͣ
ϵͳ˿1895ˡ
ϵͳǰӵ˿ѴǧˣﵽСģ, Զؽ񣺺ϴ岢
˴ǰͶ, ȺƺǰܹŰƷʵҪ󲢲, ֻҪɢһ, ׵ؽ£չɹͽ
ҪһΪס⣻˾ֵﵽ30ϣӵϹԽ
ǰؽ2
ʾ, ϵͳҲȫ, ȼͬɡ
üһ, ξȻܹһǧ˰ٶˡ
֮ǰ, ֪2صǧ˿ʱ, ڳȥĶô˻ǰľ˶չ
ƽСɽδʱͿ˴ƬũŸƷֵũ, ƺǸ²ãδ졣еһĶԵøڲͬ, ű׸ѻߵ㶹ԣ˶, Ŀһ㶹ȭͷҪ
˵, ǴӺ, ʳҲû, ׼Ȼڿ, Ҳ̫ǫ˰ɣ
ũڴӵϷһСϪСϪ԰Ĵ֮䣬һƬɫĻɱ˷д󣬻Եľȫһֻֻ͵ķ䳲
ɱ˷乥Լǿһֻû֮Уôڴׯ˶ķȺפѲԼֳģ
ƽɻ󣬿ǣ˶ķȺδӷ䳲ɼ۵ģ
ƽڱľȥū֮ǰׯĹģСɽ࣬סԽéľݣĶԸ㣬ȫȻ֪ϻܳ˾޴㶹ֲ֪ɱ˷仹Ϊ
һ·д档
㿴Ƕ
ƽĹŮӣСָ˲ԶƵɽ塣ֻɽߴһ֮һ׵ɽɽţǱСɽ۽ݡ
һڽƽƯףȹ̵ڶ͵ͱϣƽ²˼̾޳ɵ
Աľǽɽʲôˡ
طÿƽι۽ݣֵ+10
طÿЦι۽ݣֵ+7
طÿĬι۽ݣֵ+7
طÿǲι۽ݣֵ+5

ݸУһǡʹطÿͼ+55ֵֵÿ񿴵۽ķӦǲͬģǵϲãֵ΢
ƽϲĽԶ㣬ǲ֪ϵͳɣΪСɽĴɡ
ɽǿȴΪǴǸжɽԷɵĵɽݣֵֻ5㡣
ǧ˵ķÿͣÿ˶ٸ鹱5ֵۿԼֵڽӽʣٶ㣬һͻһء
ǰδеı
۽̫˰ɡ
ͬʱҲʶһÿͶߵֵһð
һ˶ˣɰæˡڴӵֳ㣬ֻҹɫ٣Щͷ۵Щιҹ
ټпշĴǣڳƽסţжĲϯ죬ҲóӦӦ
СɽĴǶܺÿ֪ͣǶūÿÿڳ˿ݺͿյأóõ㶹ˮдЩԶĿǡ
Ժﶼ˯ˣ֯ﷻյϴ˵̡
һֱæҹп˵һ˵һ·Ϸ¶
¼ǵģȥ˱ԭ׷ɱǶû˵˵Ǳľ壬ȴСıѲߵĴ֣߽濪սʱŵöڸˡ
磬ôӳģû˰
˶٣˵ɽ޾ǡ
һ·ǽСɽĵؽ֮󣬱Էˡ
ɽޣԺһټġ´ټʱһҪúóĶ飬ĵ
+30
+30
+30
+30
ɽﲻ֪лͣһ˸жò֪˵ʲôˡ
˵磬ôоϵİǳ˺öࣿȻʵ
Ӳһҵģƽʱ˸о׺ȫǵ̣񵶰ûˣ˿˳˺ܶࡣ
磬šü˼żȻɽ﷢һֲҩΪֹѪģ˺ͷְ̺ȫˡ
ʲôҩ㹦Чɻ°ͣ㻹ǵǲҩʲô𣬿һ£߻ҲС
ǵˡ
ٺú룿ƶ׷ʣҪյҩƳҩ࣬ԺõȥҪˡ
治ǵˡ
òУĸҩֻ֪Ǳɽ׵֮һͨ
һԵ뵽ʲôĬĬϵͳ̳û̵ҩ
ϵͳȻ
ϵͳĹ漴ֳһƿҩģ
ϵͳۼֵҪƿ
飺һƿüأ
ϵͳҩһμЧÿֻͿ˺۴ɼЧһƿôҲٴΰɡ
飺ƿ
ƿҩĿռңֻȻ顣
̧ͷֻһɫȷǰסڹľҴȥľ壬ӴвûдϢ
ھūǺץһľʴ֪ﲢδйŮͯҲѹûӵ˼ң
뵽֮ǰ˵ôﲻȫŴ뿪˴ӣľԽɽԭҲûʲôΣ֮¡
˷׷׿飬ǰȥΪ˰ҼˣʲôҲûҲʵ֡
ڰ鱨֮ʱѾ˵ˣ˿ͷС˵Բ磬ƭ㣬Ҳǹľˡ
ֻСͣҺҵԭסڹľԵС䣬ҵɽʱżȻľɽＯᣬҪǵĴӣҹҺ˳
֪ǹľܵūץȥԲ˵˻ѡ
ԽԽ͵һԭҲǹľūֻڹľռׯ֮ǰʹˡ
ǰ˵ӴӳǳĸȥѰԵģҲûȥɽҵȴ·˵ײ˴ԵСɽ
СɽҲֻǽ˵С䣬ĴǿɽϽԭ׹ռ֪֪Լǳӵū󣬻᲻Ϊ˲ɽȥԵʼ֮ʱ˵ԼԹľ塣
ڣԼȳ˹ľū֪ǲǶˣѡ˵ʵ
·Բһͷˣ˵ͨˡ
˿̵СѾͷԴƺΪԼƭǶеΡͱͬĺӸ龫һ㣬û˵˼ǶһЩҲǻ
²⣬Ұ֮Ǳľץ˻ȥľܵūһ򶼲
޷ԺͰԼļңɽ򣬱زٱץȥūͰذο
ǰ飬û㣬סС֣˵ڵ㲻еһء
òװԼ׸Բ飬ܵĴ¶ȣѹһ˿˵ѺĲ̤ʵУ˵ͷ
Щʲôϵľ޴㶹ͷۣҲȻߵʱûЩ
﷢£Ҳһһʮؽ

ҹĴ϶ȻС
ƽһĿڽסңڳһ﷿ƽ޴˵̣ӱＷһ
ҵޱСһ꣬ĬýЦһ˫ãƤͣϴҪ¡
˺ô˯ˣźȻʶֻǴһжɣÿһͷţѹҪ˲ġ
ⲻ֪Ϊ˯ÿҹ߶ͷ仯+سɴ󷨣粻֪ﵽȥˡ
ҲϻɽҰٴԭ¶ϱĬһֻС첲Цһѹס˶á
Ȼоָϴһʪ妣ƫͷһЦָԼģܵ㣬Ͻָ·ϲ˲䡣
С˯𣬶ȴޱȼ尾˯⡣
Ҳ˼ĵɡ
޿ؿ컨롣

һ磬ƽͬǵݣǰݼɽ
̧źüǴӹľֿ裬׼׸ļ
Ǵӹľ˳ѹľĿⷿˡ˵ԭĸضɽɽûϵȥҲû˸ȥľĿⷿﲢûʲôֵǮֵߵľ⼸ӲҶˡ
ΪЩҶ֪жūǵ˶뿪ʱȻЩˡ
˺ԭǰ֮Ƕɽʮη壬ЩҶ׳ɽͬڴ˰
ҵĪز飬һǣһ򵯹ҪéޣŵƬ̴Ϣƽɽǰصɽ
˹Ʒľ衣
ľ裺ľصزǧľ裬ڸŴ㣬úɾ΢ó׼ֵ5
޴㶹ó׼ֵֻ1㣬⼸ӲȷǺö
΢ԣ鲢ûô֮Ϊֻ߻޲õõ
еƣԭǼһΪɶҪ˴ؽūժҶҲãڸ֮һҲȲôۡ
ǼҶ£ҵĸСںȣҲǺõġ
ľʵ̫٣ٶ˹׵ֵһȺڷƱоܾĵ
Ѿƽ£ϻҪһµġ
ƽ˵ߵݺ󣬲Ƶش󷢳
СɽСɽĹأӣұڴ˶ӡ
ɽӦƽæɽּǶӣֻɽһ֮ء
ƽɽҪʳϹֻҪŰڶǶԸġ
ţڷԸǵһ¡
󶪳ֻƿǵĽűߡ
ȥ˰̵ҩ࣬ȥãذϵūȥ
ƽŴƿΪԼˣɽҪĵһ£ȥĴࣿ
ƽǸ׻жˣʱ˿̣Ҳ
֪жʹϵĴ࣬巢֮ĸī̷ˣǸġū֣ʱ̶Ϊūĳʹ䡣
ζªĴȥÿÿӺ϶ūֵʱʹѡ
ƽ+50
һͷˮؿŹӯƽƬ̺Ӧ֪ˡ
һ²һ£ֻǲ뱻ԭץסβͶѡ
ˣᵹҲûҪͣŷԸڶ¡
ҪʼԼסéݣҪ깤


36 
Ҫ㹻ǧ˾סé, ȫ嶯ԱҲҪ߰ա
ƽ¶ᣬҧҧӦ, µʱ깤, ǵɽŭ֪ɽΪżǽéݣѵǼҰ, ̫аصĹհˣ
յʱʵ̫, ܲܶ졭
ƽӲͷƤӦ£ʵ˵, ǳ˰첲, Ҳûڽ˶éݰ
һṩʮԺéݣСɽĴҲ, ޡ
, ƽ˿, ʮéݴףʣµĽӦⲻ󣬶ʱмӦ
Ѿˣÿéݷס߰˸ˣǴé, һҲͲˡ
ϵͳĽ˵éۼ50ֵ, ƽǳէ׵һֵպҲֻéݵġ
ֵȥé, ׬ɶѽ, ܲ, ȫЩǿѡ
, ǽʮé, ֵǧٵ㣬۸໨ѵǧ㣬ܾ׬ǧֵ
ȻҲԲæʮéݣԼʮܴ㹻סķӡ
ȡ
ɽԭһصأūߣһľСɽֻһɽ֮綼
ڲȱֵȰضѵ2˵
éݷڽУʱ5959롭
ȵƽ˴ɽصʱŵʮéȻҲˡϵͳéݺ֯ﷻһ涼ȫļҾʩľ崲ŸɾĲϯľƵΣʯͷ̨ʱֱס
ƽһЩ˵ūͺסéϢ漴˿ʼ˺ظǷҵ
˵ɽҪڽéݣȫ˿иͿʼֹɻˡȥľͷСŮ˱ȥݱľܡ
СɽĴҲʱطũæӶʼȻæµ
һ¶ôˣĶľͷéݵūԸǷʵڲóҩ׼һȥɽϲɲҩ
û߳ͷֻһūһľӭ
ǸūΪԲڵƤѾݵƤˣصľƺԼأļѹ˺͵ƽУһȳһյǰŲĺջ䡣
ʱĽŲһ£ǰˤȥæס¶ʹ֮ɫоԾūĿȶ۵ǺôһƬĿࡣ
˳˻ȥľģָദѹһ£ʱüǹˣԼо𣿡
ūҡҡͷ࣬Ѿϰˡڹľ壬ֻҪɲĶһЩͻᰤһٱӶ򣬴๤Ƕˡ
ϵӳľ챻һùӴģ֮ÿһȹǾͻʹֻͺˣ֪Լˡ
˾˵һ𣬻ûһõأվԭϢתԼԺ䡣
ǰЩջЩ˺ܶƵ˵ҩ࣬ҩصūߣ˹ǣҩüа̶ϸزһȦȦ
ūһαԴֶ̿ݣֹסصл
·һūϵ˶֮أǿ϶и˵ˡ
ţȥɽ´͵ǼéǰֻÿﶼԱ
ÿ϶лСˣЩصģ˱֮δúúҽΣ˿ڷףѿʼáƽѾЩ˵éЪ£¸Сɽ鷳Ų˵м˸ղˣѾ˹ȥ
Сҩ䣬Щ˵ūҽΣһˮûüһڡ
ɽﱣӣҪиҽݾͺˡ
ſµֹôһ䡣

ƽ˲ΰɽ󣬱سɴ緵СԺ
Ĵ˶ȥæˣԺֻĬЦС
ĺʵﲻʲôæʵԺţҾллˡ
ĬЦԺӵĽһͷ裬һõϣֹȷĬմһſűըС
Ϊƽȳ磬δǳ˵Ĺľϼ죬ûôԹͷСԴ󣬽찤Ĵ˯һˣʱƵմֵ࣬ɵģСƨҲûʲôͬ
ǰرҪտܵã޵Ҳֻ߲ĵһԵСϣɽͼϵӽǹ۲
ɽ£һȺںľͷһʵľ׮ѻɽһԵĿյشһɫƤŮѵǴӹľޡ
Ϊ˫޺ǹľеģرóԶܸ
ܹ˫󢣬ѵǰæľģĽܿܶࡣ
󢿴ϣ֪űϵľ˦ȥٻˡΪ޲һʱӻͳһöڣ˴ʱࡣ
һľٶϰȥۿҪˣ̲סֻ˻ӣľɢһء
ǻǲ̫ӦԻǸɫƤŮ˵
˵ǺúõģԸľģôƢûˡ
޺£Ҷ޶߱ԣбŰԡ˫ƢѾ㲻ˣһھܰǵľţ
ҸоǲԸֻǲϰ߱İĶԡŮ
ֻ̽󢲱ıĤһȦĤʱɡһչʱյ࣬λ˫ʮе򣬶ͺܽһſȥҧܻܿˡ
ֹ󢲢δй򣬷Ĥʱ۾ɺûг
Ůߣèһ˫ľ׸һȦ˫ᶶԴãûϰ˼ľģβûз
㷢طÿǵѱޡ
Ů֣ĵϡ档
ľĵ½չû˳Ҫˡ
ɽͼлƽݵڰѿµľӹɺʵĴСɨȥһӾͱƽϵĶˡ
þӰľͷһ͹ľ飬ѳľͷԼҪ״Щľ̶͹ľͷպǶݵľУ˿Ϸ죬ֺ
ⲻîô廹Ǹѽ
ƽĶ죬˴һſĹһĿˣпȥָӦô
㷢طÿƽľ
鿴һƺҲûɶĵģƽîļգéҲϵͳƷĲ
л¸ǺõéڣʱҲۼŲūƺ϶ˣæǰæظҽΡ
ոһū˿ڣֱӣӲ˲ǵĺֹֻһʲôϵͳ˸һ¡
ӵһԸ񡣡
ؾеҪһҽ˵࣬Ըｨһҽݡ
ֵ+50㣬⹩Ʒ
ϵͳ涨ÿ±ҪԸµKPIѾˣǡɿԸרһۡ
һҪӵֹԵĽéݲ㣬֯ﷻһ֣ҪٽֲͬĽ
򿪽巭˷ҽݲҪֵӵǧֵ˵ֱëë꣬˳ȫԸ
صȷҪһҽݣȻé̫ʲôȾʱʲôģɾҪˡ
ҽݲ̫ܽԶɽͼлһȦ֯ﷻ;֮Ŀյشһ㡣
ýҽڽУʱ11Сʱ5959롿
˼һϣ̧ͷһЦϲ֪ô˿ͣ޵Ĭ޴룬һְòһ߲סصǸ
ԭ赯ʱֻһ£СĴЦˡ
ȻĬϴʱҲȫͣõԽԽڡ

ϽһһޣȥˮҨˮϴ֡
ͬʱūסéԺڣ˼һֱﲡϢҶɽȪˮùȡ
ƬϢԺſЪϢʱǡÿһƽ·һƿҩ࣬һţһؿĨ
ֵʣõʲôҩ
ɽ͵ģǿԳȥūҩЦŽ͡
̵ҩ
ţֻ߰ζҩδġ
һؿڴĴĨҩ֮󣬾Ȼۿɼر䵭ֱʧ
ˣҽȫҽƽԼУδ˵иĨϾȥ̺۵ҩ࣬Ѿȫ֪
ʱǰСͻ֢ѪܱǣҲɽһƿҩСתˡ
ɽѵҲᶮҩ
ҩĸ̶ȣʵĪ
翴еĴƿܾúҩ֮ģδҩ֪ʶһδ֪赲⣬һҲ޷Ƶġ
ʲôء
+20
СϴС̰ոذϾͿϵͳʾ
еƣҽݻûأֵզͿʼˡ
ٶȴɽͼһԭ̵ĸҩַȥˣūҩ࣬ʱЧˣϵصˡ
Ĳ񡭡
ҩĳɱ׬˻׬ǧֵ
ѹϵͳҩôٵֵһƿֵҽݵļ۸ˡ
Ȼ
Ŀڽϣ硢ƽϣڵл⿡ԡѱľ񣬿Խ¥ݺѱ޳ڻδƵСɽ˵Ŀǰûʲô̫ô
ǣҪһԽ㽨ľպƽľľɺƵľߣǸشéݡ
ľڽУʱ11Сʱ5959롿

̫䣬黹ΪĬٽԼһ룬Ĭɲ
һ̧ͷðʺԴʵĿնӻ¶档
ã²Ҫӣм¡
鿴һãǻڰŪδע⵽ߵǰδڣһδйĽƣһ˿ǻ
ˣ߶ȥˣȥɡ
л˵


37 
಻ڱչ, ܳʲô£
ұ˯Ȼеһ𶯣Ϊǵ, Ǻɽ߶ըˡ
ֻּ, һûйܰгߣ龪ȵصɴ۾ɽըˣ
Ӧʧ, ð˺ö, ҽȥѾ˹ȥôжѡ
ôûǳ, ¡¡ıըԶ, ʱɽûζ£׶ûⷬ, ʱʹǶɽ, δо
µǰ״, ŤͷԺС뿪Сûտ˻᲻ɡ
ˣʱҲں, ׼سɴ磬ǡʱ, ˡ
½㡭
СΧȥæ˵ȥæ, ȻӦʡ֪Ǹв, ƽϲҴ, С, ҲΪˡ
ڵԳܵԺĲݶѺ, עⱧãһسɴʹ͵ƽĶǰ
ڴԲЩ̣һŨѪͽζƮ˳ٸвæѨ鿴
ս붴ڣͿһͰµľ޴ɣƺո²ã״ԱߣһţԲѣһ̲Ѫ
ͱըѪ滹ǿųͷ֯ϺϸǵҲըһƬ¶ʺѪ⡣
æȥ鰢˿ڣֻѾʧȥʶ޷Ӧ
ͷһöըִۣɼڸƤۻδָյļӲ֮ʱͱըըˡ
˵Σô
Դʮֲ⣺ǰֻҪתΪԼþͺˣôԼۡ
ֻ֮ͬ򵥣ⲻ֪Ĺ̺޶ͬ
߰껯ǧ껯ԣ껯
ڳʶʱֻһСߣḶ́ǴɱԵḶ́ҪһȫƤƤ֮ʱһϸСתȣıը
ǰͷ֯Ϻ󲫶˶廹δָȫʢڡû뵽ͷ֯ϵĶ˰Եô죬ھȻϺĶأҲͱϺģת֮ʱǱصĶعЩը
֮ʣ˼Ʈɷӣ뵽СɽһһһΡ
У޵֮·ΪѡΪѪ޷飬ֻһݾȻಢһ沨ߣԼִ
Զոƿ֮ʱǷ龰
࿪ʼ꣬ȻǰһƬڰƾűܺͶδ֪һײżӲĵǡǱײƣֱѳһ϶ѭŹԴǷ϶γƺ
ƤȴдĵҺŬ˫֮ʱһ︧ǰĨȥǲճҺ
խҰ𽥱ɽ֣峺СϪƬƬ紵һ꣬һ溬Ů䱦ġ
ÿСߣҲûֵܽãŸճһע¶ˡ
ܣĵƣӥëһԣԭΨһҴСߡ
һ
Ů½𣬻һ˿ͬܵ˸У̧ʱЦģʢϸ⡣
¶һ𣬾Ͳùµˡ
ԺҾͽ㰢ɡ
࣬ɽеÿһ鶼۰ᣬԽԽΧߣرһֻ
ʲôϵأֻҪǶһ޶ģ㹻ˡ
̤֮;ĳģôȥء
Ϊ޷Ѫ°빦ɽֻϲԺ֣зϣԳʵ黯ΣֻǳٳٲԸѡ
Ψһʵ˯꣬һҲδи
ټѵ·㽣ͻòͬ
֮Եÿһ춼ú֣ܿѨΣʶԼʵ޷ȲҪ̷컯Ρ
ŬԻӰվһһ񡭡
鿴֮еǱȻᡣ
оϵѸٵʧڵɢԶϴκͳͷ֯Ϻǻصöࡣ

ʶڼ貹㣬ʶתѣתͻоȣ
ֻҪܲĶʯȪӦöԡ
̺ϵͳֵܶһʯ
ϵͳӵеΪ8760㣬ɶһƷʯǧٿ顣
ϵͳƺµΪಹ뷨ŵڵƷΪ벽ΣֻƷʯܶáƷʯһһٱһĻʣֻܶһ˿Ʒʯ
鱾ΪֵѾͦˣܶһ˿Ʒʯ
ʯ״̬˵ֻܶݵӻŵٶȶѡ
ǶһȪأ
ڵѨɢȫȪУҲӦܱס
ϵͳͬҪŨȵƷȪЧ
ǰһܻƴһСƿŨȪֵȻҲǲõġ
ھһ©ʧ֮ʱ֮ʱƤ֮İӴһ峤ʮףȪҪȪݵ
зɿ˼뵽ԼΪȥĿ𣬿棬ֻ̺Ķٱ԰ڵ״̬Ȼܲסֱܻܿӱ
ƺеİ취вͨУѵҪŰݽ߶𡭡
֮ʣһϵͳʾϣ
ϵͳ⣬СɽۼҵԴͷڣܹԵĿ𡣡

ϵͳһɽԴ֮ءɽСϵͳչ۲죬СɽũٶȱѰɽҪ࣬ڵļ֮һ
ͨҵıԴڣһɽΪಹඨܱס
ϵͳ飺ͨΪΣһɽ֮ҲδѰ
۾ʱֻҪУʲôиҶĺð֡
Ͻӽҵųľϻ漴ȡ̳Ŀڣǰ
󣬾ûôȱʱ˴󷽣ʱֵֶֶذһȹ̳ơ
ġ
ǰ÷ȥԳ廻˼̳ӾƻȻ治ȵġ
㷹ľϻƺҪҵĶЩѣͷϵĴԭתȦ󣬲ԥԥͣĳ
սңƾɽҵĴռʵ̫СְڷŸ㻨ǧֵѽһƽĴСµֵȫƷʯڷԣʱάɢ
һֱãһľϻٵ˳žָķȥ
ŷţое㲻ԾָķôԼҵݰ
Ϸ̻ȦֻĴǺȻָݺԺеһ
ƮȻأһ֮ɫⲻƽǿ̶
Ĵһƺ׼ѵھ̶棿
û֢ѣ֮УԴκػɻʲôֻͨһֱһͷǱ̶ˮ֮С
ۣ㰢ȲҲͶˮԾ
üԭţԥһ˲ҲһԽ̶ˮ
һʽΰΣܿͿıӰſôҧסȹϣѻһֱȥ
һˮͷˣƽ￴ǳˮ̶ĵλþȻһ©״ʮҲסԽΣ̶ҲԽԽխֱ۳ֻһͨխ׶Ǳ̶ˮԴԴϵش׶ðġ
ԥ׶Ρ
̶ˮûκεĻƺֻ޾ˮ׶Ҳû谵ʳùҹݺںڰҲ
õðһݣ鵽ҪʲôźڰϮˮԽԽֻҧסȹڣֹԼˮߡ
Ϊ壬ˮбʱΪޣȻˮҲ
ǿ׶ԼһӺͻȻ鿴ССұںˮ¶Ѩû뵽Լҵ֮£Ȼ˴˵ĵˮ⡣
ͬʱҲоˮз·̺ȻŨȪǰŨȫȻͨɽȪˮˡ
ǣҲܴ±ЩˮԴͷڡ
һ˳۵ĶѨ룬ƶǰּ˰ʱһֱֱĶѨȻ˸ʮȵĹ䣬չˮδôˣҲܸо֮ԽԽ
һʮȵĴֱ䣬Ȼͨȥƺһˣоѹᣬû£ȻƳˮ档
ʱǰľȻһ޴ֿܶ泱ʪ̦ܶһں̶ֱˮأȻˮˮȻֳţһ̰ɫ
ɫˮ֮ϣһűɫԲ飬ɢڵĹâ谵ܶˡ
εͷøˮ棬ɿҧ˵İڵϣ
㵽Ҫѽһӵˮ
ˮ̫󣬻һ·ûۣΪص˰ϡʱ̧ͷһԼȻһˮµܶûлӦ飬˿ˮԵǿӷ
ˮ
ˮԴˮ顿
ѿ
⣬Ϊڣÿչ̶ȪʮŨȪٽ
ҵˡĵ
ü״ʱ۷Źشܹ찡ߣȪô࣡ˡ
һ̶ɫȪˮǶȪ̺ȸŨȪҪ
ûе飬ӽҴ˳޴ˮ֮УˮλһڣȪˮ˵ϡЩ̵̦޺ۿٶȱïʢࡣ
ÿһʹҲ̫˰ɣ
ӵȪˮֻ֮࣬ʹһ˲ֻû뵽Сɽе˵ɽϵȪˮôôԭԴڶȪ
ֻˮˮųƵ϶ȪˮλԽȪͱϡ͵Խ䴦̶ˮǸŨȵƷȪƽǿ̶ˮѾƷȪˡɽµСϪ־ˮȸʻ룬ȫﲻȪļˡ
ܹͨȪˮҪǿ࣬ЩȪˮȥũũٶȻҲˡ
Ȼʱ԰ĵģȫѹ˷ˮ˷ܣŻڳˮ֮УȻ˫޷Ӧü΢΢ţ̾˿
Ȫϣѹɡ

պ
ƽڽһéݡ
ƽľ⣬˲ϵĺ飬ǰõһéݣο룬˶ɽı֤ʱ˹
кǣͷңѱõĲϯ֮óɹɹֻǰһ뻹ҫͷĺ⣬һʧȡ֮һƬصơ
Ҳ̫˰ɣôö˶˵ؾҪˣ
ֵ̧ͷȥֻ֮У׹֣һϻɤӿд쳹Сɽÿһ䡣
ľɽɽԭǰݻᣬСɽɽڣ
ϤһڳūȫסˣǾֵؿСǸ΢΢͵ӰƼ֮ʱɫ˲ɷףѪҺ·ˡ
ЩСūֱ˹ȥеֱӹ˵ϣӶ翷ɸ
ڣ
Ǹۻͳɤ飬ЩͷˣθŹ˶Ĥ
ң


38 
ԭСɽʾ֮ʱ, ڵչ˵İࡣ
գһоͻȴȻûļ󡣲ڶȪ, ըƬѾ³˻, ԴԴϵȪеǸ֪ĺӡ
ϵͳʾ, ÿĵȪѾˮĲ, ֵȪﾭ´洢Ȫֹ, 㹻ꡣ
һﶥȪļֵֵʮƷʯ, ô˰ȴһҲۡ
, ȫ, ˮδֵ, ˮÿն״򲻶زʮﶥȪٽƷȪȪȪغˮڲͣЪ֪жȪˮض˷ѣ˵ײһЩɽȪˮ, аҪ
Ҳմ˹⣬½Ȫ, ӯ꣬𵽱á
ȪԵȰ֮ʱ, ˳о¸ս塣
Ϊľˮ, һӵĴɽ, ӵôˮԵȪ, ԵѳؽΪ, Ȫ죬Եɽ̲ظϡʯȵȡ
ǿŲתˮ飬ɽľڣҲľ󻯣ߣȪݽߣҲȪˮð
鷢ȻҲǿġ
ͬԵںϣʹص
ںҲƣںϣ˵ںϡ
СɽˮԣˮˮľҵľԵɺСɽں෴ģˮˮ˻СɽܺԵںϡ
Ҫ뽫ˮ˵Ļںϣͱҵ֮Ϊ͵ġľΪˮľľȽˮľںϣȻˡ
һۣԴͿˣֻ֪ںϵԽ࣬ؾͻԽʢ
ϵͳһɽͬʱں˽ľˮԵᷢʲôأ
ԭǸּףǴԽʿ˽Ⲣ࣬ʹϵͳೣʶԵ⣬ϵͳһһĽΨΣƺסˡ
ⶫܷҵǿģͨĴɽɽδֵҰ֮١
ӵһѾǳԺȲӵ˸㣬ӵϵأԱ츣أɳưһ
뼯ٻ
ϵͳδɽɹںϵͳҲ֪ᷢʲô
ðɣ뷨̫ǰˡ
ɫȪ翣˿˿ƵŨţʮˬԡ
鱾˲ڴʱִɽͼϰߣ߸մƿɨһɽͼǲ֪Ϊζͣȫ¶ֵգ·𿴵ʲôµ
ɻ󣬰ѾͷԶƮУӸµĹľɽɽԭ
ϼһȻ
ӴǵķӦͺԭǱߵĳܿ˴ǰơ
ſرϼµĻö䶯˶͸ұԼ˺ԭʢ˵ĺĳ
ɽ¡һգˣǸ׷ɱС׵ͷ
үĵҰҲһ٣Ħȭƣ޲ھͳȥצӡ
ڻδᵤΣʵ൱ߵĽ𵤼𣬶֮ϻԪӤ񣬻ڵ߲лõɡ
һʵզصĵɣҲǱȻø󾳽磬߶ֻܵķݶֲǿڣùȥͷ
ȥҰ飬Ҫ¶档鵱¸ð˱
أʡ
Ȼȥλˡ

СɽϿգԭŽŵһȺȺСϵǣʱͲһ
ȥЩôǧˣСɽʲôƧôܻô˶ӣԼڣū
ǰӺѴʮزľ軻ȡһ޿ɾɽˮдͼŻֵһ·ֻԼ˴ˡ
صʱûע⿴µĹľ壬ֱӷɻԼɽ
Ƿպǻдī巨гź֪ؾ쵽ԣʱʱдū˰
ǰȥľ鿴ֺֻеĴūһδЩūľ͵
ʱ׽סһѯʣǴ֧֧ᣬ˵һȺǰܵūڼǰǱӣѴѺūȫˡ
ԭţЩūֽŽѺηУôأôױߣ
ֻǴ˵֪Ϊɽͬһ㣬㳲Ⱥūߣʵڵֵס
Ǹ˵ժ²ñչʾͷݺĹδȬİ̺ۡ
ȺūеܣɽôúõػȥȺū
ԭɻʱȻ뵽ǰֻ߹˵ޣֻ顣ٻȺ
ֻȻδԱţȹǸ˿СɽСɽޣҲȻСɽѲ˹ϵ
ԭԽûȥСɽ˵Ƿȥľ帽ɽ֣Ѱûūصĺۼ
Ľų̣ܹҲû뿪죬ЩūҲ߲ԶֱѳСɽȫұ飬ûзūӰ
ǱʣһܣСɽɽޣūľˣ
ԭʱŭģɱСɽ
ŭСɽÿ䣬ȴٳٲ
Ȼͷڹ꣬Ը¶棬ЩūϷʹȥˡ
ԭֻˣҲ£ֱ֣׼ץһ㣬ЩūץԼĽȥ

һ͸öŮԭʱ֣תͷȥֻһĨӯӰ
ǰŮ񻣬һϮ°ɫɴȹ̤ƶǳɫĳٲȪ䣬䲢λΣֻһҶͰӻ֯ĻɫĵȾ˳
ᱡ˿ɴסİ˿ݣ¶˫ξ鶯Զɽüؽ棬Ҳ֪ɴ֮±ȻǾɫ
ȹƮ絴ĺҶ˵һƮƮ
µĴɵˣȻ߶Ȼˡ
ɽ
κҲ̫ˣ˵ס϶ŮӰɣ
ż߾Ҫ֣ūŵòҶе˿ӣΪҪôԭߣʱϲ
أɽǳˣ֪ɽﲻӲܡ
˺׾ǼӵһͷУҴһһ롣
ֵ+5+5+5+5
鿴ϲǵֵ⡣
һڴǰ¶ȻȲ˵Ҫˡ
̧ͷԭǳǳ΢Цǰ֪ҵɽͷΪ£
Ůɴమϧݣгòÿģԭ̰ɫͣصһȻ˵ģ
ʲôˣ
Ҫװɵūѵܵģ
ǰˣƹСɽδ̤طԲʮδʲôū
ԭмָŽȺЦ߱Щ඼ԸͽɽҰ룬ʳֲǰ;˵أӰûУôЩ˷Ƕߵū
ǵȷԷǰԸСɽӵ࣬鿴һЩǣ¶һ˿ҵأū鷢ƽȣиߵ͹֮֡
˻һ䣬вūмĨᡣ
ֵ+5+5+5+5
һߺͺԭƤһ߷ȥϵͳֵͲһˡ
ǰţ㿴Ͽūӡǣ
˵ԭͷȥֻЩ-ؿڴɸɾȷūࡣ
˭֪ʲôȥϵӡǣ˵ʲôҲҪЩߣҺΣ
ԭؿ飬ЩǲūūˣôҪֲô裬ûūȥɣѵɽȥɣ
϶ԼΣô˵񣬵ԸѾͷƬӻǴ´ࡣ
ֻһ䣬һϮ䣬֮ȺūǶʱͬƮҶա
齹Ƶؿϵͳ壬ڣһ֮
˾ֵﵽ30Ѵɡ
ؽ񡰺ϴ岢ɡ
ϲؽ2ɽͬġ
Һãü
ԭʩչ仯֮ЩСսдأȻһҵ磬ķƣײ۳ķƱɢеūʧȥǣ׷׳׹ȥ
µķٶȣ·һ˫εסЩ׹ūǰȵͻص֮ϣһδˡ
ԭŭյͬʱ΢΢죬ʲôʱҲܿ֮ˣȻõñá
ΪЩūҪ뱾𣡡
ԭŭ
ǰŮһ֮ǰĶׯŵľֹ۾һͶͱϻˡ
ԭļٵ׵ֱ֮ķȥһ˸ŵХ˸ա
Ȼԭʧˡ
ԭˣһȴı֣ǹϷʵĻȣԭ󾪣תܿѾ
ߣ
ȵţ
̧ţݺݵƨɡ
ͨ
ԭʵʵذһţǰȥ׹Ƽ䣬ھʮ֮ʱסΡ
㾹ң
ƨɵĺԭŭڣԳݣҪ棬Ȼһƶˣ񼸺Ҫˣٶ׵򣬲Ҫ
ֻǵ鶯Ӱ֮䴩ͬһɣ֣ԭĹȫˡ
ĨӰƽԭĿ⻹δ׽Ӱӣ̧ȣٶ⧲ƨһš
ԭϸ־֮ɫ
⾿ʲô򷨣
δŹǿλ֮ԭΪиķȻҲʹôƣ׼ùĴƣû뵽ʮ򶪹ȥ֮Ȼ
֪ԭ뷨ȻЦ޵ɺ˶ǲһģӵĺȷ˵һ򵥣Ȼʲôơ
ͬģԺغøж90ϵ޹޴ʱơ
ĿǰؿɹΪɽá顢ԡ
Ŀǰڻ״̬޷
ڿɽʱ֪ôͷˡ
ͷó׵֮һǸʦͣսֻҪܱõġߡ͡ȵšرá
ʵǱ˵ǣû뵽ԭôΣͷϵͳ2غ󣬻ἤµɽǶʱʵΨһ;
2ҪҺãƽ˴éݣ˽һľҽҲǰɣֻʣ¡˾ֵ30ϡһˡ
ЩľūСɽֵ֮ÿʱÿ̶ǣĳĳūʳ˾޴㶹ĳĳʳɱ˷ۣĳĳι֯ﷻܵκθ֮ʱ뵽飬ӶټľҽݵĽɣ˾ֵȻ20㡣
ȻϵͳҪ˾30㻹һ㡣
ֵİ취ֻн½Լ¡ڴϵͳ콨뽨һ㶼мСʱĵʱ
鲻òӺͺԭƤװƣʱˢһֵȻ̵ڡ
ߣȵţߣȵš
¿ϷĴǸʹţ°Ͷ˵ϡ
ؿŷűࡢ̬ǧɽ˿ȹڣ׷źԭʮƨɶա
ԭܾ֮˱һ
ǰūʱõ֮ǽðطʱ˿ֻ̣ûõΪãƨʱرлС
ԭߵβ׵ʹֻƨɵӶ쿪ˡ
ˣ޳ܣֺϷش򣡡
ٸһ£Һĳ㲻죡
ϣס֣ס֣ˣ
ԭߵ߻أ½Ǳ߶ûһţֱӰ˵档
ϵ¸æɢܣƽ߰һˤأһƬҳɰ
ԭӵ𣬿ǰһŻӶֳƿףȻڳĴ󲿷ֶǹľūƽῴۿЩūһҲϵá
һ
ԭȵƨϵʹˣָȺΧ۵㣡ôû
ۿδ
ԭʱҲӦһ˺һֻŪˡ
ȻʢŭδüЩʲôԱصƲҲˣֱӵͷӡ
ɽڽ·ٵӹԭͷҲصԼصķӴȥ
ʱ׵ķɢңϾĽӡʱİǷ緶
ԼȥһնҪֻؽ֮衣
ԭҧĵ۶ǿ̹Ǻ⡣
ƺĶתͷһһĨƮɵ°ɫȹڡ
Ȼ׷˳
´󾪣þȫȥٶȡ
ͷ˰ʱԭûлͷҲܸоĨӰյظ
ַ׵׷ȴ׺󣬿ֻӴܵģ
ū͸ˣԩ޳𣬺ο׷ᡭԭ
񵭵Ůûб˼һ£׷ĸоΣ
ԭһҭ񵱳׷ɱֻ޺Ǹ֮ʱֻ֮ʱҲʹԼ
յĹ⾰ȥ
һ·׷źԭأһòľĴׯ
л˵


39 
ѸӰһǰһӹľϿա
ļֵ̌ͷ, ֻǵɽڱһŮӥ׽׷ǱرͷӴܡ
ǶˣǺʱԭ˲ֻǱ, ɥ֮Ȯһ㡣
̫֣ҵĵ, ٸҺҾȥ״ԭͷɢ, ˻ߵغе
㵹ȥ
Ůӵɤ, һ㶼Ϊ
˽磬˯֮ǰͬˡ
齭, ӵص˺϶, ų޹ǳءԨȻݣ˷ݳ᧿Σ, , 綼δ, ɼǲ
ԭв齭սȻղ´֮ʣ޼ɵؽܱߵĴ
ֻǰѣһ, һ꣬ң, йȥǵ֮ķ
û뵽һ㲻ϵ
ԭɵǿǧľϿգһͷԼɽ, մš
ǿù·, ֦߰, ɽư, ֦ܵҶû, ɽϷصػס
ԭҪӵطǶɽķϣҽĹ㣬ȥ
뱣֤ٽ޹ūұţбⱲӶ
ԭĻͷ߳˺ƾһ·׷Լſڵļƣó¡
úúãұ֤С߰ɣ
˺ԭı֤龹ȻĲΪѣתظ
ϵͳľܳ˳ľģؽ֮һҪں
԰ϵͳһְĹˣ̺õĳ򣬼ûչ¶κʱĵ͸󣬰ǰ˵⣬Ϊβԣ
ôŹˣ
鷽żǿùҲµ˺ԭľԵ˵ĶǼٻֻռһɽĵ̣Ҫи˵ùȥԵɡ
Թũ壬Ҫšڼӣ´󼪡Ĵ죬ԭȻѾ˱֤ûٷѡ
Ҫ̰ͼľľ壬ȥ಻ԷҪϧëġ
ˣ˴ˣĻ鵭˵
£СɽŸأżȥ¡ɽǣҵԵ
ԭܾʹ˰ֵҲˣĲԣʱһʰҲ١
ľǿŮʩʩȻطߣ˺һԭŰԼɽ֦ųŴһ죬̽ͷ̽ԵУȻѾȥ·һƵģһȳһյֻȥˡ
ǰԭʼūߵº󣬱㱩ŭȥŮҪӶūľҲɵһ¾ˣǵɽǰȥҪūɣһ·˴ء
ֱǶ˶ˡ
һ⣬ԭڹľܵΰ󣬺Ȼ

ͺԭһսСɽд෹̸ʡ絽дǶ̸¡
ǹľɽôͷһҪץˣһжɽһžƲʡ
Ϊһλͽҷۣռ˵һֵزģɴܵĳѵãܴһӣҪӺúýɽﵱΣұеġ
鱧ŷ룬ͷ㶹ۡ
˵Ÿͣ۾ųݵĹ⣺û뵽ɽôᣬôÿŮ
ⲻϻŮҧ˿ˮ㶹֧᲻˵ûзɽ˵Ķе񡭡ӣ
Уһۣɽ˵ʱر˧
类۷εò֨תȥɧ磬ͷˤԱߣզûûţһ뵽ƽϵͱ޺ۣ;ɽߵǼŻ̫ˡ
ЩľūεģԺԭıðͷҲ޴๤ūζ
ԭ߷ϣպþվԱߡʱǸЫĳߣһ˲䣬ȷʵôȻ侮ʯ·
ԭˤҲأʮס
˫鶯дŽüۣ˼°֪ͣǲǴܾɽĪϤ
ʱ㶹ǺסԸͣ
æȥ󱳣ԣҭš
ĵǰɣʱɴοǰһֱֺͯģⶼܿϤж඾
Ҷɽֻͷɷֵʣ飬ûȥ𣿡
ҡͷɽܵʱé
̫ϧˡ
ҵĻתɽ׷߳ȥ󣬲ַ֪ʲô߶ӻԼأͷûپᡣ
˭Ҳ벻ǲȾɽʱ˿̻һǰڸղŻ㱻㶹ҭס
ҹ°׷塣
éݷúƽһ˼̾Ͱ˽ȥûСָܻ˲˯ˡ
ȵ˯ٻϵͳ壬úÿ¹ܡ
ϵͳĹܸ˲١õسɴ磬ԭȵȴʱǰСʱֻ̣Ҫӱٴη
֮⣬һ幦ܡ
ز壺ʱظʾзԼؾʿٰǷ͵Ȳ
һĽֽŸǰ
˵ٷˣü룬ָʣдһȥ
ϵͳظʾϣÿîʱ׼ʱ£ؾ񶼿ɿ
ϵͳ˿ѴСģһֻľסΪС
ǸϣСɽ־һģûϿڣںüǡ
С?Źֵֹġһ?оôӡ
ҪͽԴɡ
ϵͳѽСΪԴ˿ڴﵽϣһؽÿһȡµɽٽ
ؽĺôǸΪͬġʵ̫BUGֻҪøжȴﵽ90Ϳʹ޵
ԽǿԽǿ
޵ΪԵԭ򣬼ǧ򻯣߻һ㣬й̶ĵʽ͹
ñȺԭܿǷ˫ޣȫȻ͵ķܷҲܲ֪ľϵǷϵǶϵǲζԺľ硢ϵķࡣ
ڷܵʱ򣬲ûиоκεĲʸУ·ѾЩڻͨĳЩͨʹЧûЧ
Ϊԭ򣬼֮ڱʵĺ蹵Ժԭáȵšܿ޷Ʒļӳ֣ںͺԭƽ£ȵšһһ׼
ϵͳʾԽûõΪߡȵš塱ΪǱܣ޷á
ҺãҲӵܡ
ȻܻͦʵõģֻҪʣһܳshiԾȡĽļܰ
˺ôŰߴӡ塱ƿתļ塣ĿǰӵеļУطͰ񳯷
ԽɱСñ仯֮Ҳô󡣿طҲǽպԭʹһУٻһ罫Է𣬳ȥʹԷˤ䡣񳯷ǰȥȹľūʱõУٻԲǰ
ڰ࣬ǰֻͳͷ֯Ϻս֮ʱʹһΪɱļܣܻҪ֪
ЩʱյദúͰĺøжȽǵ90ϣĺøжȾȻﵽ99ֻԳ廹ͣ85㡣
˵ԳȶĺøжȾֻ6585㻹ˡ˭͵˺ơõ20øжȽĽ
ʱĻǿȥˢˢԳĺøжȣⶫȻԽԽá
ͺԭһ̣ȻŹ˼ңȻҲʮģܵЩƣصϵͳƤһϣ硣

һ硣
ҵĹմ˸д½Ժ߳׼ɻһۣԶԶڴ
һӸߴĵƷдšԴ֣˶ڴڴƷԱһŷεĸʾ壬ʾֻһŽֽɷдһ֡
ǽԲʶ֣Ͻȥ峤
վڸʾǰź룬߶
Դˣ³򣬾ªϰ·磬ԴҼңܰ
䣬ȫžš
Ҷֲ˼˵
峤ɶ˼ƽֱ˳
ɤӣȻҲû̫Ǵ֪ɽǵĻҪش𣬾һԵŵô򵥵˼Ƕû
ɤɽ˵һˣ⣬Ҫ໥ذ
΢΢üȻеªҲ˼
д׷ʣܰ˭
㣬ҾңȻɽˡ
·ɶ˼
˵Ƕֹδ硣

л˵
飺ǣǸ


40 
ǾǵĻе
Ϊé, ˲ľȻСɽȱ, Ժ, һҪֻһã롣
ڸʾ崦˻ֺ, Ǳ½ɢȥڵСɽٷϴ, ȥ
ԴͷѾ, ֱ֯ﷻľҽݡ
ϴŴ帾ڸ鲼֮, һЩɽԻ𿳲ĴǣɣϿҰϽС׽, ͼԼϱ, ˿
ľҽҲڽ֮ʱ, Ͷ
ľĿǰƽͼľյūڹûũڵԸ»⻹ľƵļҾߵȡ
СɽڴõǴǰĴģ׻, ܽá
ҽݽɺ󣬰缤, ΪΨһҽˣҽݵľӪȨȻҲͷϡ
ҽĴĺľҩݹ, ɼЩҩдɷ, öԼҵԺ, ĥҩ۵ʯʡҩĳȡ¯ҲһӦȫ
ǰЩ, Ŵиҽݾͺ, ɽͷ·һҹ֮佨ҽݡмѣ˸ʱ䣬רȥһɽﻹԸȥԼĹƷ
ϵͳԸѾɣ+50⹩ƷɣҩX5X5
ɣҩۣ˽зɣĻĥƳɣȥɱ˷ȺǾӼС˱ر֮Ʒ
裺˽зȡɱ˷β붾Լк֮ú˯ҩЧȥѣԷ𺦡
˾ͺܹ֣ĳҩҲֹ֡鲻ܾƷ䶼յ˵ʲôʱó
Сɽ˿ڴһСׯȻһСĹģĴ峤ͷȻȻҲΪﳤ
ӹľЩūǣԭȶԸͬСׯ˴˲ʶտʼҶദгû죬ССìܾͳˡ
׵ľԴķ⡣
ǰСɽ˿٣Ҽһһеشһ֣ջʳҲǸƽ䣬˿޴㶹ֲߵʻ˵¡ֽΪϡȱʣôͳͷ۵⡣
ȷָı㲻Ըˣ˵ԼƽҲûٸɻūǾ͸ûﴩϵͱ޴ãҪµһˡ
Щʲȷָ˭ûֵﶼеƽ˽Թ
ѶְķʽѾȫȻˡ
ǣԷʱüͷ壬һֱΪš
գ˼ڤ֮ʱԺŴ춯ﱧֻС߽ݣڷɹҰ˸ɵϼˣʣĻˣ
ţСĵذСз̺õĸɲݶϣʮۻġ
ǰʱ͸䳲ʮķۡ۴ڼҲǴţ÷ȥСУСԺܳԵˡ
ʮۣҲҪϱԹ˵
˭˵أֻмϡΪ󣬺ö뻻أҲǿϣǻһԼС
ǲȻôأֲǰڴͬ壬ͭǮҵûõĶ
ǰǾסĴͬ˷ݳǺܽдЩС⣬СɽԺˣһж¿ʼһļֵһ
˵ǰʱ˲أܰЩӻɱĶͺˡһó㶹ιСУһ߸п
Ҵ桭
һһӣˡ
Ϻﶼһֻȥȡ̺ͱīһžزʲôһñīֽż¼ţһޡ
ڶգټˣӽԴ򽫰䲼ȫµߡ
пѵؽΪУ֯ﷻľɱ˷ճҲΪҡ
ӵеԴͷ䡣֯ﷻľҽæֻҪͶйףͿԻн꣬н㶹Ϊλ
һž޴㶹һһڴҡＴʼֺʻȡǿ㶹ʻȡȡҪʡ
磬嶹ԻһۣʮԻһ£ͨԼͶԴԻõʳɵϡҩ˿˽Լ⣬Ҳʻȡȡ㶹
Ȼ˵нʶһÿнΪʮϡ硢ƽһ£нҲÿʮڹѧϰͰæнΪ嶹ÿһĶؿɻɷ߷յĹнΪ˶ȵȡ
ʮµĺͯʮϵˣÿնȡһҽҲʱѶǿţ֧㶹Ӹǵĸ
һ䲼Ƿ׷׾ⷽáҶһ칤׬ӣȱʲôȥһˣʷ䲻ӭж⡣
ľūҲõԼֻҪнţͿϸɣÿ춼õĹʡ
ݱؿʼС
ֻ˲յʱͽˣʻȡͽֵԱߣȡʡ
˵ʻȡʵľһڵչĲһ˸Ǽǵնһʣ˸ַʺ㶹æһĵ¾ȡյнˡ
治ԭҽһˣæ˵нʣһҽݰæ˶ʼųˡ
ϯ䣬һٿ䣬ҽݸտǼ죬ʲô¶ԼΪĥҩҩҪﲡæýŲմءнʵգæѡ˼£ҩɹҩ½ȥиʱȥﲡоˡ
Ҳߺܲ㶹ΪңȻܳõУȷܺõؽ˵Դìܺ״
ȷйԴʡ˲ٵġ
ҲⷨӺãﳤнֻʮǲ̫˵?
ϾԼ๫ķΪһ֮һĳֻʮ㶹ϡƽõöһЩƽ
ߵˣԼнʶһٸҲû˸˵Ĳǡ
ȻԼλðڵúֵĵɽģҲɽģ㵱Щҵģڸɽء
䣬ϾȻˣҲǺͿˣǽµƬؿġ
ҳϺɣԼֵѾаʮ㣬оߵġ
е㵣ĵǣҶȥнʸߵĻֵأ޴㶹ΪңҪʳԴٸߣҲսġ
ΪߴֵصĻԣ˼һ뵽˸ӡ
Щʱͨɽľȥһɽ
ʱ򣬻ﱧһӡ
ϲʤЦ⣬ĵɽȻԶ취ٽũǲõ㶹ˡ
գڷſڵĲһ¸ʾ
ϤﳤɽοؾٰԴһ㶹ʹΪޣֳ㶹Ϊʤߣʤ߽һĸ֥ƷȪעĸ֥ӷ
μӱ߿ȥﳤ㶹ȨɽС
ĸ֥ǰɵİɫĢ´Ҳ֪ĸ֥ɶصرעĸ֥ĹЧ
Ȼ˹һе񶼷ˡ
Է˵ûʲôȡĶˡ
ֻҪֳ㶹ܵõôöɵӲŲμӡ
ﳤҪ
ҲҪ
ֻҪܲμʲô
֪ʾҵĿȣһڲԱվˡ˷׷űʾҪ˫ʾҰ漴ɤӵ
ľģÿҪѶٶɳаһĶֲ㶹ṩӣֻ㶹ڼջ㶹ǿʮ֮һϽº󣬹黹أ𣿡
ѾҪٶզô󰡣
ǰǰ˭óٸ
˻һô۷׷ס
֮ԹΪЩ޴㶹ͨֲҪȪ󣬷ֲ㶹ӻóһСƿÿ˶ԴȥһƿȪֻڽأ޴㶹ڶֻ̣Ҫֲµʱȫܰѱ׬ܷһֹصǻлӮɽĽƷ
һͣҲǣһĶֳ㶹ֺü磬ֻʮ֮һҲ׬رǮˡ
ǿ֥ȪǶĶκζûֻܻȥúŬɻ׬ٶ
ǵһɹģлĸ֣üͼиǻ˲㶹ˡ
ڶ˼ƽľнʸߣÿʮټպ˽ίæũߺμҾߣû׬졣
֮⣬ٳδе˼ұ
ĳջƻ裬ҽæһջصԼԺ䣬ͱһԡ
нûϴЦ
û
ż㶹ԣʮ㶹ʮͦģ⼸ձûȥ죬Ĵϵ
Ŷȥ㰢һá
װȴһ·ӦˣҲҪ㶹
΢죺һԡ
ҼĴĶҲû٣ܴ뱨𣿡
һ㡭ϵû£ȥһ衣
ΪѵӶͷҲﲻæ˭߷ڣųȥҽﲡѣȻҲƽһܶ׬㶹ӻ
ңһ֮ûɶĻǸصũֵֻأƽﶼ˵̽һֱûɶڸС
˵Ҫμɽٰ㶹ȫȫ⡣
ҵнʶǶҪñȥá
Ȼоӻʤļʲ󣬵ֵ֧ͦġ
ƽʱչһ˵ʳӣҲûôȥû롣ոоѱޣǼͷ˫ԱѾȫȻųˣܰ⼸ͷѵɸţ㣬أʣصЧҲü
Ҳŵܰ˫ѵûأ⽱һʶӣֻĿǰûнչҲΪ㡣
ŴŴؿ˵ǻʣ¼ۣҪȥ㶹ɡ
غȻһˮǸʵʵСţȪںǵӷˡɽﱧصǸӣֺװСƿȪ
ҪΪ˽ƷԼ˺öĸ֥ҲԲôãϲҲһһ֥
ܰķۻˣųԣҪء˵ʲôҲҪķۣұҲͼһ֣Ƕ̫¡
˵Ҳûٶ˵
ڶ죬ȥ˶ӣߴհ˴㱨
³Ȫأյϣû¾ȥ￴㶹糤ûС
Ǹ㶹㶹æѣҲֺ֮ˡ
ģ֮ʱȪտ࣬ûԳ崦ܣЩȪϣºøжȡÿȥԳͻúƻ֮˼ˣøжһ㶼ûǡ
Գϲ˽˼˶˸ա
ȱٵɣ룬ûȥɧԳ塣
˶˯ҹطϵͳ
ſԼû̫עֵ֪һһϵֵѾ
ʵһҲ֪ǧ˵˾ֵ30㣬ɲֵˡ
˵ллԭͷؾǰ¶һЧʵԺա
λûϢֻһͷ
ûʱٻǮʱ٣ɲҪֵʱ򣬱ϵͳˡ
ȻˢԳĺøжȣǲȥɣ롣
￴˿ܹδɵʳӶࡱ齭ܡ̽й̥
ʳӶࡱӵǶˣ֪ǲǻ˵ԭֲӻûͨũﳤÿ죬Ÿոðѿ
ֻҪũֲ죬ʱһͻԶˡûȥܣſ齭ܡ
ӵʱϵͳؽ2ȥո2ϵͳʾյ񣬶ա
ĿǰֻܽûúͰûǵȰѺ󣬽ȥȽϱա
ôʣµģֻС̥֮ˡ


41 
й̥δͷ, ȴǰδеĺ棬ΪʲôᱻͬӶΪʲôСʱͦ, ҵͷ, ʲôҪĵط
δ֪
Ϊ̽ɺɴֵ̽, ʧܲ޳ͷ
ֿһ, ƺûʲôѶȡ
С޵İBUFFﲻ, ؽ2, ʱǵıܣȥһͷ, ҲʲôΣա
Щʱû, ӵһû, ¹ŨƳƵİϣҵ͸һ˿ܡ
ԵĻ飬Ҳ˻úͰ顣
һ֣Եø˷ܣӺÿᣬ֮ǰһֱ, ̽յĸо
Ҳϲ, һҲ档
һίણһֱֿطҪ
òȻΣ, ĵرҲܶ, ϴȻ, õ, ֱ׬ˡܹʺ˵ҵľԵ, Ͳÿˣ̷ֱһԽξ硣
˴εĿľҵͷܣѰûɶȤֵ̽ȸչٷ֮ʮһ㲽̽ʵ̫ʱ䣬̽һҪ
úͰһһҡһһ׵վļϣιҼ㣬żԽ飬ߴߴ졣ֻúͰĹϵãƢãֻ޵ԸѻСӣʲô浽һȥ
ۼһľ·һöԲȥ˻˵һһųԡ
ñסԼһңϳ˼Ѻۣ鿪ĵشչȥһڹʳԣʹһëëצش
۰
ŵȳ𣬻ŵôļϷȥͽһëëļ䶯š

鵭ָë浯ɡ
ܲеϢôް
˭涨޾Ͳ³氡ļµؿڣôֵһë棬ˡ
ֻſļҲϵĶˡ
ּ䣬ܾýµ·죬
˰ɣһϤĶѨǰǳ˳飬ɲΪȺбϵʳ
ΣBUFF壬ϲϴһǱˣ˳ȥǼ
ķֻһһֱѨռ˿ȥš
ϿϢֱˣϵͳһš򲻹ͼ롱˻úͰϡһ޲Ѩֻӭĳͷ֯϶·ΪĴ󵨵ؿʼռ˿
Ѩܵǽϵճİ˿˿ճԼǿɲմ֣ϻһϵͳ˵ý⽫˿Ƴһŵİ˿ţ漴ңȻȥƽȥԡ
úͰ֪ǳԵۣȫ˿Ծذæ硣˰Сʱɼռ˿㹻ʮµģضشѨ̣һֻͷ֯϶ûо
Ѩ̽֡ѨΪޣԴֶ̽ϣЩͨҰޣûʲôΣյޡ
ΣնҲδ֪
Ѳӣ̽ţһ㻺ţóѰұܡ²ҵΧڡ
Ŀĵȥܿһ϶һ
ǲʲôͷ
һͷܡص
ɽܺͺкܶ࣬ͨѩͬܰİܣͦټġ
ȵȣȥ
˵գͷңһﵴһӦߴߴһݺ
ûһᣬɻͷóָ˸С˵Ǳߡ
ɻ󣺡С򣿡
һֻ
С鱨ܿףԼĪһ㣬Ϳ˳ʪϳצӡ
צӡ˰ٲδܣ
ӳĹľԣֻڲԶĴ£һܾôĻϯصп˯Ŵĺһһ
»ǹڳ˯ϣ޵ëƤԵøѩˣƤĺӵţܷܵ򸾸ߴ󣬺һͷδСܡ
ŷԻһɭɭĹǼܲкͷǵ״ܿҲǸ࣬ƺѾȥܾãƤѱʳãɢŵĸܳ
˯ŵİҲһ첲Ǽ֮ϣȨ
ѵϮͬ࣬ʳʳˣ
ѹ֣ܷ򸾻ḁ́һͬ඼кܣΪʲôСյϮʱͦأѵⲢǱ࣬촿ǴҺܷ򸾴ܣ
ðʣŲδͣ뵽ɵķΧ֮ʱİϢıƽͣȻѵۡ
𡪡
ܵʱһͦص飬ڼͺ
鱻ĺһͷţûж⡣
𡪡Ųӣֺ
ͷʺŵԵֻޣ˵𣿡
ԭΪҲǸޣû뵽޷ԣʵ
ðæ룺˵ǸϿ뿪һرϢ빥㡣
СɽɽǰǴĺӣصлġ
ԱţȻԣĻеľ֮ɫʣһƨ£ǸǼ֮䣬ƺаȫС
غ𡭡
˵Ӧģһ̵ֱѣǵˣҪࡣ̫ˣҪϢ˵õ
ף
ܿȥ˰죬δпࡣ
Ŀڰܴ˿̵ͷǼϣðһĵĲ룬˵סòһѹͷɣ
˳룬鷢ǸǼܵԱߣڷѾõҰСͶ⣬·ƷһѷڹǼߡƺϰ߱עţʱʱצµһ̵ץۡ
ҹ֮£ɫ˪䣬һһʹһȦĹǼԣǼͷ­ֻڶۿ·Ҳھעǡ
ⳡôô졣
ͻҲоԾøСҧ䣺˵ֻǲеⰡ
óڸСֹҸоľ״̬ƺ̫ãǲˣĴ̫һʱ߲˻þһͷܡ
һɵƮ˹ܵƤ£˸ǷƺʱҪ˯ȥ
õıӶ˶Ȼżؽԣɻ
ڻóͬʱҲǹǼܵǻ˸һĨɫһɫӭҹҡҷˣ¹⽻ӳԻõ⡣
ɻڸõĺ֮ϣӪþ￿ʳǾ
ֱ໨ݣһ۾ϳǶʲôֻʲôöˣᱻʳǻɵġֲͷܿģѾΪޣȴ˵취Ƕ仨ٵȻͷܳҪǻ
ۿҪ˯ţͼٴοȻֻǰܱ̾ѣ졣
ķʶǿκ˿ס
ֻ˯ˣܿͻѹ˯ʱκ˴
鿴ǰͺİܣĿһѩ׵ļȻںڵСزžź;£ȴҪǿذڳ׺ݵļƣͼ˿ĵˡ
鲻룬ӽͳһСӡ
Է𣿡
ѹӵķڴ򿪣һɢıһ۾Բǰ˴գζϵš
ལ¿ˮ
ѷ۹ӷڵϣðɣһҲϲԡ
˵꣬㹻İȫ롣
𡭡
ܴžԶỤ̊ɽһ޷ۣı꣬ҲӦɡ
һһצӡſֻ۹ӡ
Ȼͷ֮ʱýֵǼԣǶɻ
ɻժ¹Ǽܵһ˲ѸٿήĴĻɢֻƣ۵ԴȻ࣬һתͷǰ˯ʧȡ֮ǾȻһͷѪ߲ĹǼܡ
۹Ӧ飬ܵͫ𶯡
𣡡
رǼܵԣŵؿǰһУצӴ¹ǼܣĴȫ
ףôˣסôҵʲô
ܳ˻
ܱǸѾ
͵ðƽ
˵Ļ飬ܻ˻Դ両ֳۿᣬŴŵڵϡ
ɣ׵ȷѾ
鲻֪ôοӣֻһԾꡣӷ󺿣Ҷĺ䣬Ƭķ
ݵĺСɵ͵͵ʣ׵ĹǼԣʱҲĬĬֱҹĻէйĨĨɬ۾Ȼվʼ
ʲôǰæһٿӡúͰҲæܿٳһԽǼӣƽһҶ
ŶҶѴӣ׷ʲôңܰ㣿


42 
ܿǰŮ, ʱǰףɫ֣ɢһĹȦ, oԡ
Ϣ, ۣƳ˻þ, æס

Ȼʱ˿, ˭ء
ŮļͷſһַֻԲĻ, ӸƱ, ֻ˵ǰ, Сɽ, ۸ġ
ܵͺһ, ڷʲô
úúã㲻׾ɴˣǰû˼ҵϥǸ, ȴϴһŲ´, ĿͲ񱾵ܣǴӱİɣ
ܵͷ, ֺһ
˵ѩǱߵĸɽѩԭ̯̯, һҾ֪ı顣
ԭǸѩɽϵıܡ
ѩСɽΨһĴ󶼳, , Ƕѩɽ, ½ߡСɽѩǣҲòϵطϸҹ
ΪδôԶĵط˾ס̲סʡ
СɽȴĴﶼůֻͣжһЩʺëƤʵİڴ档
һ飬¾ʲôصؿʼ䵽Сɽľ
صǰ
ʱһֻǣÿ˾ͳԣ˾˯˾ѩشˣСܡ
ӳûм׵ģһرõס׽̸֮¿е
츳ܲҪ໨üʱѧһСηȴҲû˵ÿһ㣬׶ͷȻȥԡ
ѩɽɽУһؾڡѩǵʿؾ̽աδȥɽȣֻ֪ǺȫȻͬһСأΣգҲл
ѩԭ䣬ʿ·ããĴѩɽСÿμὫ䱳ɽȥ֪˶
ƿ֮ʱҲżȥһؾʱܰͻɲݡܿؾ޴󶼸ˣȴɳ룬ΪβЩͨͨܣؾıͶǵˡ
ȴһѵ׸ԼѣȣͲˣȻҲؾĳλѾɵĴܣΪĥʿʵȥ˲֮¡
ܵѣⱲӶ˺ࡣ
ƶǶȴεؼס׵Ļ
϶ѹתůɽϵķѩСЩҲнڻƣǰؾ̽յʿҲ𽥶
ĳһ죬׺ȻҪǰȥؾһˣһλЩáʿڰǰؾȴٳٲ׵ΣգʾȥؾѰңǴ
һҪȥ𣿰ʡ
׵ͷĶ䡣
ΪؾʿУе֮˵ĺ
ܺܶ£Ӧ׻ԹԵ
Ϊ׻ǰһձƽһΪζɿڵ
ٴμ֮˯б׽ػѣۣѩ׵Ƥë鲼ۺѪ
˯ˣھ͵ø뿪
֮ǰɴذҲ֪ʲôôף뿪Լסļ԰
Ǿôܰܣһ·ķ羰Ӱããıѩأɭ֣СϪʰ쵵Ұͺδðܱ档
ȻȴأҲԽԽꡣ
ʱԼѾȴ޷Եӣ۶ǷŲµĵǡ
ǰãԼж౿ˣ㹻ʱ󣬶ڡ֪Լʱ޶࣬޷꣬°ûǰ̫ݡ
ΣһҪԼױʳ֮ǰδĹް׵
Űһ·ϣ;˹ľ壬˵˵ɽϽͣ£ǱΧɽ۲աأ˺ԭūհϱ龰
ɽص඼бˣҲȻӺá
ܵ׺ԥӼߡ
ֱСɽһСƬׯȻĴׯ󣬵ǶͣճϢߵһ仰ǡɽãִӡ
ɽ·Ψһ
ܰܵû飬Ӵճ̸Ҳ֪ܵɽòǸ񣬺ܵġСɽɽµƬӳҲܱڸټ
һ·ʺϰҵĵطˣߣҲŲסˡ
ھӰֺ󣬰ܵ׾ȴʲôһ㣬ԵʳԽԽ٣˯ʱԽԽ࡭ֱһ죬Ҳûѹ
ȻҲ֪Լ˵ûУúͰְصʵʱ롣
˵ľˣҲ֪ΪΰգֻԶҪѩɽһֱߡ
Ų˵ؾˣԽԽأʳι׳ԡ֮ʱʳΪ˯ˡ֪ΪΣ׵ʬ帯ٶر죬һҹ֮ͳɻСӲŻᱻƭڡ
úͰһһӵѵشץص㣺ѩǵıؾ
ӵΪӦòͣҲǰ벽ˡ
벽ε֮УȻѹĴڣ׾ؾʲô˶صˣԾҲܣֻԴеصֻʣһѹͷ
ӵ׶ҪѩɽԽ˵Խĺôơ
˼⣬Ҫ֪𰸣ֻܵԺлᣬȥѩǱߵѩɽؾ￴һˡ
ѩǡ
Ҳ߶һ䣬Ȼ³򣬡ˣǰƽ˵պ׵ͷѩǵɽϵܺãͻȥȲ裬Щ裬󲿷ֶ͸ѩǵɽ񡣡
£
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̴˺ͷ˵ѾǵˣǲҪȥ˵ĵҡˡ
ܺ˴죬ָô࣬ǿڸͷ񹷹һ㴹ԡ
״ӽóһȪݸȡ
̽һڣ۾һȪˮҲŨ
Źͷꡣ
̣ҪǻСɽɣﵽϸֲָһֻס𣿡
ͷǼֿδûףأס̵˵ĶҲûС
һҲǣӷŵУԼоƺаиԼ֮⡣ڹľ帽ɽжգѡ뿪ҲǿߺԭԴūо
ٲȻס׶Ļ൱ѣȻҲںܷϮСʱֹͦ
ȻԣΪʵʵڣܷһڣһδǣҲûɼǰ;
ʱҪϴͷʱ΢΢ë׵Բ䣺С̣һأȪȣз۳ԣ棬ôҪҪǿǣ
ɵ㶵غƬ̣ȻצһݣѺȿ˵Ȫӻ
Ȼ˲ӸӾͱӣֻԭתһȦӺ﷢һأ漴ܵĸ׵Ҷǰһ
βû÷룬Ҳ˼ȻԾס

ʱһޣȥ֮ʱƨɺͶһֻİӡ
ϲй̥
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ܺøжΪ60
ֻ̽˰ٷ֮ʮ
鿴ϵͳ壬˼˵ӦûĳЩرĴڣûзֵġ
˵Ҳ˺Щˣ
ӣǰûʲôǹƬӵģ
ͣ½Ųͷ룬ͺá
ҼİѾվ˯ˣͷſŵĻô˸ǷȷʵҪȥӶλĶѨҪϷǿڻķ˵ˮ
λĶѨ˵ľǳͷ֯Ѩˣ΢΢üϷˮʲôûôо
ϵͳӵһ̽񣺷ˮ
ӰܵĿе֪ϱߵˮƺΣյĴڡͷƺͻµף̽Ѱľʲô
δ֪
ɴ̽Ƚﵽ100%Ϊء
˵ʲôʱѧҵĽߣոȥժɻʱʹһС
̽Ӷϵͳ壬µĿǣ͡ͻ˰
ôܿͻᣬҵĶҾ
۾ͱӣֻ䲻ͣмһرһ+ʵı
춼ǵÿȥС
ͼתƻ⣬Ȼо֮¶һëף˶ֻһкûͷһֱͣӴӺԵ˱ϡ

Եسȥ֮£ֻץס֮ëƤëֶֺ񣬸оϵˣƵغһ漴צãǰֱؿ񱼶ȥ
ԵľͷХһ٣ѻô˦˯ŵİҲѣƨɺš
˵ʱ䣬ҲûҪô
⻹һأȻΪ౼ƵԵʣ˵鲢ôãҪ̫ߵˡ
ûеί񣬷Ϊڿ佱ܵøɿˡ
ˣӺԴȱ
һͷߣñߵֱۣȫ͵ѧԼˡ

ѩУ̺֯ƷyСһɷʢ
в¹ѩש߷ˢ˰㣬Զѩɽبڡɽͽڶǵʮ˻ıа֮ߣǵߵ㡣
κǰѩǵˣһŵĵһۣܿΰûʵɽ
ʱټУһŵӣ׳룬ɫƶԽ£һ֮ʲô
һԵͭ̽¯ȼų㣬ѩأȴů紺ġ
ѩݽʸ£ϻͣ۳롣
ص죬ѩ̧ͷҲ֪˭ˣ֣֣ãΣ
ԭһأβˡһȳһյߵѩݵĶ棬Сطƨ
ѩɻ֣ղȡ
ԭձϼ֮ɽչؽ˰£ŰͷƨȥЩ
ԽԽô±úܣԳҪ÷硢Ҫֻ꣬˵ķݶʱܹȵ
֮ͥ£һԵӱСѾͷƤһ㣬ȥشʮš޵ذһҧ飬Ҳʵʲ
ȻӰ̫ǿˣԭ֪򲻹ҪһسӣȥȱС
ԭȻس̾һϵܣ֪һСѾͷˡ


43 
ˣ˵Ц, ĸҪĸŹɣοֵķ˫Եվǰ衣
ѩЦźԭ, һĪҪȤҡĿǡ
ƭ, Сɽɽ񣬺ͬɼ, Ȼҳ֡
ԭԼ˱, ̶Ѵ󵹿ˮҲ, ǰܵū, ҵūȫˡһ֪£ǰȥҪ˵, û뵽ǰĺ, , ͰҸһ١
ѩݿҲ˵Цɫ£Ůδ̫
̶˸룬˼⣺Сɽƺδ˵ء
ǵطƫûҲȥǶӡ, Ҳ֪ģﾹȻʼׯ, Լû˿ڣū⡣ûūɲ, ǹľµ, һĲ
ԭ˿ڲ, ˳˳, ָѩ˱Ⱥūǰ, صĿⷿŵǶʮҶҪˡ
ղֻѩҲǸ黭ߣյֻͶѩݻЩֻˡ
ǰЩӣѩһ޿ɾĻ޿ɾԻĻɽҲΪ֡ԭ֪ϢרǰͻϲĲˣѩݿϲķϣʹʮľ轻
ԭʱһڴӦȸʮ䣬ӦʮҶЩʱ͹
ѩüͷ΢壬Ǻԭ˽˶Թδػ֣¹裬ùһܡ
ľ裬Щɶԣ޷ǱͨҶڸкЩˣڵʿ˵ҶݳĲˮȪһ¶ǣͲӯˡÿÿȥѩɽؾ̽ʱٲôЩҶ
ǶʮҶԼ͵ʧʹˡ
ɽʲôͷԺֵʵȻԸˣ
ѩݾúԭ˵ЩԺҲܣ¿๤Ǻɣϡеķ˫ڵʵôͻᱻ
;һãĸΪɣĺӣһر壬ѧϰ°빦һֱɣҲкɡ
ܵõɵһҸĥѣ磬ߵʵ󶼱ʵҪǿ
ԭǧǰҲһλʿڴ޽֮ʱͻƴڣò㶨ģʵںʵ³ˣҲŻᱻ䵽䣬һɽ
ԭԺ󣬱δǰɱɱòװˣȻҪúʵҲ˲١ȻǱ䵽ĵɣҵʵ࣬δ˵һɰһɵŹ֮¡
ĹʵŹ֣ҹδ䣬αȽ֣ǿŹֵŴζҵĹƣҲδܵй
ԭ̾һʲôƵģ˵ͷĻҵ˵šһ˵ͷСλƺЩ
λѩݱŪͿˡ
סھϣ·ȥ˵λ
ѩݻȻ֮죬˲ȤȻλйϵ
ԭѹλҲǺɣ˵֮ʱʶλɺսȥּҪֻͣһλŮΪɡԣǸȲ壬಻ǺߣߺģԭȾֻһͨš
ѩ˼֣е˵ͨ˵λ۷ͣʳعˣַط䣬غǻƧ֮صɽ񣿡
ɲôԻеڶţ˵壬ֻΪĸǺߣҲûиżȻλŻήλ˵ɡ
ԭ̧ƵƤҲ֪٣ûǵڶſһЩλʲôմ״ʵĹϵȺ׸ƵŶӵȥͽˣοɽͷ
οִСɽ꣬δ˵ʲôĴǰ̽ɼŲΪš
ʱˣƨʹԭŲŲƨɣ˸ˣ˵ЩϵܣضôĳӣҪ⡭
ô
ԭֻۣҪ뷨ӰסʹǹŹֵ֮ұʮذܺɱ
ѩԸؿԭȻɱġ
ѾδǵɣϻѲʹǰˡٸɽû˻պѲʹʼһ֪ǣѲʹֲԼ鷳ֻᵱȥˡ
ԭƺ¶ˣȳ飬ٰĴһ˵û֪ƶȶ¼ˡ
ԭеؿźѣֻѩݳһĲżȡһ̴ľӡ
Ѻӵݹʾԭ򿪡
˵˵ķǡôһЩһѩݿڵͬʱԭӴ򿪣ֻװŵľȻһëʡɫıʸԼнɫĸĻתȷһѵõ
ⷨΪΪΣʼлһβӵԲγһԲͽ磬ԷУ޷ʹôͷƳǽɣҲҪһʱƿԸȫ࣬ʱֻܷһΡ
ԭϲɫȷһҲ㹻ˡ
ֲ˵ķҲֻôһķ֮һαһ֡ѩΪص
ԭǸжϵܣ㹻˼óѹ׵ıңҵȻҲ㡣³֮Ƕʮһһ䲻ٵϣԺÿ軹ᾡһ롣
ԭҲɵѩӵѩ㷱ĶǣﻹɴڣÿµĹ಻ѻɽԼύǿԼسĹľ衣
ȻֻҪܳ飬ڶʲôģһ㶼ںָѩһ
ѩݵͷ⣺ˣⷨ־;ȥɡ
ԭ̴ľӣϲصȥ޲ôʱɱСɽȥֻ档
ȺԭӰԶȥѩݽīѸɵĻһڷһŹ齣ƽСĵط齺ǽϣԹˮīֻ
һ϶ѸջõĻȥתŷֹǷƺƽʱЩͬ
ŻֻһӵıӰīһϮ£ƮҡΧֻдŽʪīڳƣɷΣϵĨĺ죬·⸱Ψһɫ
ΧĻҪôɽ󴨣Ҫôǻ棬Եøڲͬ
⻭ֿܵζϸ֮£־ù죬·ĿֻҪĨ֮ϣͻᱻԾ
ȻʱǻϵĴīͬˮϡ˰㣬Ⱦ䵭˼֣޷Զе緭С飬һؽŵת˹ֱֱض򻭾֮ˡ
ѩݴʧɫæ£ʱģ
ӵ沿ƣȫòһĳӻַӺԶĵطƮڸղš
ǵ̸ˣ
ѩݵıøˣ֪žֱӰѺԭˣÿʱ䶼̣ܶȻ
˵ţȤӵһ˿ζ
ǴŸȤ費ҪúԭŮһ׽ѩ̽ʡ
áŶǼٵģ˷ѾϺŵͳɤɳ˼֣׼ô
Ŀǰ˳ܻͨҪʮܳ״򿪡ºӶŭѩæ˵Ѿˣ̫ԣ»ᱻŷ
ʮ갡
ǵһ䣬ǳõسĬ
ѩݵͷٳٵȲӵһ䣬ŵ̧ͷֻȻƽӲ֪ʱתȥͽһȻεıӰ
һһ÷紵žԼѾһ亹
л˵
̵ķһ̣ʮ㹻Ůˡ
һȼĻ֣
ޣͨСǡ顪ᵤΡ
ޣ𵤡ԪӤˡ


44 
ѰӰɽС, нõĻᱻǷ֡
Դɽס֮ݾΪǵϢءþԺɹ̫, δǰ, ʱ̾
ܴδļҾӰ裬ι䡣һ, ûʲôֵǮҵ, 󲿷ּҾ߶Ǿ͵ȡƳɡ齡Ρ¹̨ˮıӶƵ, ޶װ, ؾֲʧ¡
ΰ, µظܽܣǰϲȲ迴, Ǹ¹ﶼ, Ҷรĸ񱭣ֻģֻҵģֻС׵, ǳߵģԳס, ֻϲںɽϡ
ܱϡؿȵΣȻ
̽ؾƨ, طȥ, Ȼ̫խ, ƨ̫, ֻȥһͱӵķֿס, ΢΢ʹ˵ƨƨһ
תͷɴ۾δüֹֻһꡱ˲壬һƨ˵ϣãȻ޴롣
۰զͰˣΨһһӣ
ŻõĽкƺʶԼˣصصͽʶˣײ
žžžž
ص죬ؿǵĺˮӱˤƣĸȫһ⡣
ġǹġ
գһ˫ˮĺͫʣŶ䣬صĺ䡣
һֻӣûףűʲô
Ҫסס
ñĿ״ܣһ˿Цݣû£ͼӶѣҲûʲôÿģǳȥɡ
°ŪʲôϽȥ
æͷ
̾֫ͷԼ򵥵Ĵͷ쵽ʵǸ
ֻԤ⳷ܵĽŵ治СĲȵһֻ񱭣ڵһֻȥɳȥףصײǽǵ¹ϡ
Ƥ౻ײе㷢εԴʲô£Ȼײ¹ȴֱֱصȥ˳ҷӣ뾡䣬¹ɢһأƿƿ޹޺͸ϸСԭȸɾʱһƬǽ塣
ڿ¹µʱ򣬾צס۾
͵û
ʮϢ֮󣬻ۣؿǽ塣
ذ
÷ź
ʱ󣬰˲ԺĲƺϣط˸
ղСӣʺܣ첲ѹչ
ʱҲòˣ÷˺ôŰ¹ȼҾһһԭˤĻƿ񱭺ɢܵӣʵûУֻܵȼϴ
СɽһֻޣȻҪܸҶʶʶҲΪ˷ֹٴñŰǰȥԳɽͷ
ԳɺضǰֻӰ죬̾һǵһμëɫأ澫񡣡
𡭡
ϯضԵõػ˻Դˣ
²ۣҲӦûһؿ˰ɡ
Գʼֱڳһ̳ӾݸܣΪǰҲûɶõóֵļ̳ӾȥȰɡ
˫צӹӴھ̳ڴرζδŹ
ԳĻ䣬ͼҧڣཹļֻʣһ̳ˡ
úȣ
ˬһз
С޾Գͷ۷ͳ̳ƣݸܣţ̳ȥ
ཹལ顣
ֻվ̳ܵĽƱߣߴ˸ľá
ȡ
Գβߡ

ԳЩʹĪƵİɣСȣҲܿѡ
ţȥ̳
Գת׼ȥþƣȻﵹ졣
һͷȻ˵ϣһĺࡣ
Գҡͷ׻ᰡ
Գҡ
֪ﴫ΢Գ廹ΪǻȥȷʵַŻĻúȻˡ

Գͷܵ¶һֻö⣬æƿ˯ȥİܣѻôק˳
ЩѹĻôڴ˺ü°ƨɣ֪޾øˡ
һʱѲֲܰⲻܣǽİ飬ñʡµԻɽԺ䡣
ҹȻɫӳСԺ˪ع
سɴԺ֮УȻ˯İܣŽ綼ſ޵ĶƤϣ˯
ս˻ȴͬȥһ㣬ȫ޷ӦֵرãĶͳ޻߲Ȼתѡ
ۣĸУӵؿһμһıķ˵ɥƨ
ܻи⣬ҲˣŵδɢľɾζѾԳˣദò
ԭе㵣ӻ᲻ϰСɽڿгġ
￴ദĲҵЩºͻԼҲݳˮȣ˲ʡġò档
ʱ֪ܲǱԼĿˮǺ˯ˣͣ˸Ժ֮俴Ӱһ񣬻Ƶ
չñǼ˲½ǣã䣬Ҳ˲
ȣ˵ûá
һȻڰܵһʾú˲١
ľԺӺ󷽵̶ϴ衣
Ѿ쵽ĩˣСɽɽһĵطˣ˵¶Ȼ޷⡣
̶ˮܽ
һݵ̶ˮУͷ۾״ϵëͬˮݰˮչ
鷢ְϵëкü˽ᣬԼƽʱõᣬᡣܷܵĺëŴĵطչʾ
ǰڵʱ򾭳ëȥ֮Ϊ̫֣ЩطԼ򲻵ջ۾ʹˡ
أëűͨĸоס
ѩԭܺøж+5
һ߸ëһ߲пƤëĺã⻬ʵë
ˮ̶ϴһͨ裬ϰʱʶ붶ϵˮ飬Ȼֻ˸ָϵˮ˲ˣƤëɵճ޻ǡ
Բ۾棡
ѩԭܺøж+5
鿴źͷԵİӣ̲סݸ
øжҲ̫ˢ˰ɡԺҪϴë
˶̶̼ӦСɽ
лôˣаԳ̣ҲˮżҲȥһǶȪ
Ψһ£еͷʹ
ӵʳ̫ˣֲ㶹ֻϲۣԴôԻ۵Ĵֱ½׽ĵز
Ϊ㹻Ŀϵͳ̳˶һʮɣӣֲӴɱ˷Ĺģ
ɱ˷ۣܲͷ֯ϻڰ˿˫󢸺һЩʶҵʵķʽѱѰļô
ɱ˷ϪȨ֮ƣǼͷ˫󢾭ŵ·ĺͯȻڻûʲô⣬һԴѱ˵ˣʵڲʺõİ취רŻһأǼл
־Ǹĵص㡣
ֵ̽аٷ֮ʮꡰˮ񣬽չΪأпһרЩԻΪõޡ
ֹһΪԴﻮĳȫ˶ڵʱ֣ڷһ¡
ѧã
Ƕܲ졣
ţºӣĳʶֵʵ̫٣ͳ亢ͯнһЩδϣǰûڴҲԴҲҪǿЩӵδˣǸɲţҪͨīܲñ˳Цһ˶äɡ
ѧͬ⣬˭أ
ʳ⻰ͬʱæԼժȥҽæúܣҿûʱ䰡
֪
ĿڳĬĳϡ
в˵Ŀһ٣Ц㲻ȥӰɣҽǴУҽʶ֣ҿûǸġ
ЦôȥӣһڣǶҪſˡ
ˣԽ̰ɡ
Ҳȥʵ̫ףˣҲֻԼˡ
ѧòѧڳýԭǰɺȥĳý
Ҳеʱ䲻ˣĺԽܽȻԽá
ֻ뵽һ⣬¿ӣʣǸҲҪȥѧ𣿡
Ȼв๵굽ʮ֮ĺӶҪȥ⣿
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45 
Գ, գſڿ˳ԱᣬҪѧõ¡
һ, ѧÿǺ°, СվͻĴҴܣ, ͽѧøҵ, ԼҲֵɡ
͸ýѧˣҼС, 첻Ϸ, ͸úúù̹̣ܽܽﳤ, ˡ
Щй, ʮīˮ, ӣβ
ȻסԴĵطﳤĹ٣ǵĺӸѧ, ˵ܳΪһﳤء
ڵС˵Ҫȥѧã˵Լ˻û, ·Ҫ˲ᱻĺЦ
ǵʱȥľҵƽ, ˶ʮСһľ, ˵ҲҪȥѧ
Сû, ֻʵڼѧÿѧ
, С㲻, ζܲˡ
ѧõʱ򣬼кӵæˣܹҲͻգһ䳨ںǶдֵʹɡ
ѧеΰʶͬȵĸ߶ȿխľͳһƷĥľ̶ûСıīֽϡȱֻһЩЩʶõСãʵ˷ѣ˸ӣÿľǰһǳǳɳ̣֦ɳд֡
Լľ̿дľϣʾ
ѧÿεĵһ죬һѷֺδڣͿʼǰɳɳӣеɳӶСˣеİɳŪõǣӵۣȷһ
ýߵﳤǺģѸٰ
ѧõĵһÿԶ״򲻶־Ƚ̺һ飬Ǻ˼ᱳ֮ٽд֡
ԣ˫ʶš֮Աơʹ̾һɽôͻҪȺСƨһ־
˵Ҫѧ͵͵ɽΧۣʱѧýһȰ뿪ĴԣԴ
ԲĴԴſŻãõԴվŰ飬쳤ӹѧ龰
ĸﰡ
ܴӺ﷢һ̴ٵĵͺûСء
С
צӺš
캢ͯǵĶǹ˰ܵĵͺ𣬲ע⡣
м䣬ͷӣǸָ
ŶŶŶ
ܵˣɰССģܼܵı
ǵʶħԣҲ̲סҡͷԵظ̣Ǩ֮ר
ʲôھѧˣҲ̽ǣ
С١
㻹ͷܣĻʲôھЩõķϻˡó
۷Ȼɨ˹ͷ޸ϽԴ˻ȥǷǣץڴ˯С
ţľ̿ҹСϣȻѣæֱͦߴﹾŴ顣
С飬ʱᰣ߰ĬЦ
ĬЦҲôȴûйܣŸ꣬ƽ˵˵Ӳģ̫СȥҲԶǸЩ
ʱðҧͷ⣬ٿǰ飬Ŀ͵ضСĺףһһϣڸ־ϸһƣ͸Բϡ
һˮģ
ûľֻ֣̿ͣ顣
鵱Ȼû־ǵֻܿɽͼ۲ʱ䡣
ڸ㶹ʩʣľ£㶹糤ø׳Զƽҳа㶹Ҫܶ࣬Ļ㶹Ĺھˡ
һͷͨڲ䷳ѵ˫󢣬˫βŸصԯ磬Ȼһⶫ·Ͳ·ˣֻԭشת
ͬСһģһ߳ǰһϸ󢲢Ϊ֮ȡʳմ󷨣óһֻȥ󣬷Ŀĵأ˫󢿴ϲʳȣߣ絶ؽԱɶ
ɹˣˣ
˷ܵظƣѵЩˣһֱûгЧ뵽ʳջЧǾͰɽ׽Щû뵽һ飬á
ԺֻҪ˫ϰֱ߱ߣѵ۷ȫոˡ
ڿǳɹѵˣҲЦЦ
ѧкͯͿΪʲôķӣش𣬻ƤЦЦ
ɫۿس
ʱĵĵӡ
¾۽žԼѾ¶æС
зӡ
飺ӡ
ѧÿεĵһ죬ԺѹܽˣΪԼҵˣԸҪһЩ
Ͽ˲רģӿüɣʵ̫ˡͳߣ
Ҳˡ
ѵһģȴ˿
ظһ顣
Σ鲻Ը֡£һ죬۵ĶʱһƬʱסģʹ
ܲˡҧ
£ȻҴ
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ʱһͷ׵ġ
־ݡ
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һ̧ͷǸոսɵѧݶˡ
ֻεĿУһ׷߸ֶſؽѾͷϷضҪңһѩǰܣ
߻ּ̧䣬ǳƬĽ𻵣ѧֻһϸֳС㶹类۳ƬƬҶ¸ǲõéݷ׷̮ľ˴룬֯ﷻҽһ⡣
ȫͻıŵ۴ޣһš
ѹͷĻңȰǣҿҵطãǧ
ǵĻ굽ľɪɪ
飿ʱ᰷ַŻλϵȻˣȥקµСأոܵȥˡ
֪ҡ
СŶˣܵ˱ˣקԼľٶߵע⣬һĵʱᰵ֡
ʱڿԭĵһۣسɴ紫͵ϣҲ˲ָԭӽҳɴһϴһңָԭ㻹
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ͷϴξͲɽĶ֣Ҳᱻɽ
ݺ᣺ɽÿζôʱ̫ɿˡ
ʱѧһȦûҵ飬Ѳŵܳȥˣ
ҲӰʱᰱҲ˿УĹ۲ϸ΢ʱ˶ڶߵķŭҪɽﱩ˷֮С
ֻע⵽һϸڣɽôҲô죿
ͺԭţĵͷĸˣϴΰĴ򻹲ִ
ԭԹΪβϴҴ⣬ζҪϻܵӱֻ
鿴Žķݣʹͬʱðɣ̣׼ߣͬʱԭȻִóһʣȻڿлһԲ
سΣ
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ͷٸвͷ£֪ʱһɫԲȦ·һεϣ˶Ȧͷ
óֻʸĹ
ԭ˼ʱ䣬˫۳׵һһȥƶĿռֱֻ׵ķ֮أμյضպ½ǣ޷ջڴսĺζ
ܵĹͬʱ˫ȣǽʹúȵţͼ飬ȻĹڽ紦ͬһŵϣȥٵ͵٣ЩԼ
ü֮ǿȵĽ磬һˡҲ֪ͷ͵ǿķպÿλ֮
ȥζܲ
µȻҲǵɽ˿̲֪ʲôˣȫȻʩչϻصĶʱҲ
ԭڽǱģЦ
ͬһֻƣɱ֮ǰúϷŪֵʲôУǲǲʹ򹥻һע˫ƣ֮ƼԽԽ󣬷·һϹ͵ѩֱֱµĽȦ
ԭâٹͷݺݵض
ɡ
򲻶ϿӰͫ΢ٿֶ
һڴӣ
Σ֮ʣȻ뵽ϵͳƼһӵߡ
һڴӣٻһڴӽʹסӼ̷ǳ֮޷ƻۼۣ100ֵ/ٻһΡ
ϵͳȷٻһڴӡ𣿡
ȷ
۳ٻӿڳ£Ϯ֮ǰ׼ؽ档
ײ󷢳ҫ۵ĹâǹߵİաϵǽԱĿĹâ̵ȱۣٴʱɢɫԲȦﲢӰֻһڱ˻ߴĳ¾ɹӡ
ԭûԸؿ鱻罹ʬ壬ǿڵĴӣֶ֪Σɵļˣֱ棡ҳ
۱޳ܣû˱ȵùͷбӽ
ӵ׵ջѣɤӸ
һֻһ;ԭóǸëǸķ߱ԣԺԭҲһֱڷԼ׵֮ĹǿԲڴӦܷס
Զʱڣõĺԭ˵
ǣܵĺԭŭ޴йǿϺͺԭͬʱʵӷٵӦ֮
ϵͳа취Ҵͳ𣿡
ϵͳзռ䲨ķģķͷЧ
һѵҪͷ֣˭־
ȻϵͳֽŲһ䣺ɽͼسɴ񼼣ơ
ǰسɴ񼶣ʲô
ͼܣȴȴʱδϵͳʾ
ĺԭٻֱسɴѧõƶˣسɴȴʱӣʣķӡ
Ҳ֪ԭܹΣֻҪŹķӴͳȥٸǱʻԲĻᡣ
ͷϲߣһ۸һŮӣ䶼㹻үүˣȥͲ±Ц𣿡
ڱϯضﴫִŻ졣
ԭһѪ˵ŮˣôҼʮƨɶյʱأ
ģɱصЩ࣬ȻͲ֪ҲõЦ
źԭ˫ֽŵȭͷ
ȻʱļƻûЧŭ˺ԭҿ㵽ʱؿνΪƽذգ
˵ţԭö׵򣬷־µɽͷʹдȥ
л˵


46 
ĵ黹Ƿˡ
ԭ׵, רȺѵĵطȥǿŹЮŵʯ򣬾ֵӴ, ǶٶȫȻٶȡ
ö׵, ϶ʱ¼ڵӣ׹ɢȥ, , ÿﶼż絽ȫ̿ڡ
ϵͳ屻ˢ
ؾԴˡ
ؾˡ
ؾǿ

ͨɽͼܵһУҧ, ÷
Щǻ, ̧ͷͷ񰡡
ƾʲôƾʲôЩ˵ɱȨɾ
ԭ, ôǸ, ɱ޹ʲô, ҳȥǾһս
˻ŷųݻԭΪЦһͷڹ꣬ؾͻϼʬ塣
֪ڼԼȥҲûؿԼҵغ;˼̤ɱ׼ҿ, ٽС
޵ģ񷽲ֱǹ½Ȧ, Ҳʹ㲻Сİһ£Ҳᱻһ, ȥ, Ҫ, ֻǶҪˡ
ԭɱ֮Ŀ, ĿڽµĴѲ, ЩС͹еϰֻ˶˭أ
𣡡
´һŭ޺𣬰ܴûôԲԲĺͫðŷŭĻ⣬ǰצݺݵسȥ
϶ʱһȫ׵ɵӣѺͬĵ˷չ
㷢ѩԭܵͻ
ͻǰצͻ棬ʹ˽µĴѣʧȥģվȡ
ⷬƺƴȻԱߵѧ˰ǽá
ܣĵʲôð㵹ȥͷúɸֵ˵
𣡡
Ҳɣ
ҲȥæǷԣֲκηзֻڵϸż
ԭܺעͷһһֻСܣѹûϡ
ɨԱûѧãƺкͯӰִһЦ·ҵĿ꣬ͬ׵ذ׵ѧõķȥ
ִһ֮ͬ㳯ԭ˳ȥȶ쫷磬쫷ײ׵򣬴ķһ׵˵ũһ׵Сɽɽ帽һԶĺ
ԭһȻǰ¾ߵֻ񣬵תìͷϣ־ͳץȥ
תųܣԭһûץסٴ鶪׵
ȭͷС׵գۼ۳öĵ΢΢ȶ쫷ٶȣȻ۵ٶȣǿֵ˼󣬰Ͳ˳һ͡
ԭ۽һץסĲӡ
ʹţĴźԭȴȫȻڰ׷
ԭϴҲ磬鶣ҪһŴ»СС»ˣܰѺԭŪȥãźԭ˰飬һᶯŭֲ֣Ķ֣Σա
Ѿʮ𼱵ʱ̣Сɽļңػļ԰Ϊ˸Ҳϧ
ʱ˿̣ʺУû˿壬ֻпľ
ſСף
ýϵʹýߣƿƲ㣬һ·ֵԭߡ
үүһţ
ǵͬʱּܺȵţԭͷȥ
ԭԴа֮ʱһץץס˻õֻ䣬ﵽǰ
ԭһƣһֵַֻĻӡ
һûεޣϵͷܣѾǵֻˣֻڣһֻᵤڣͱôޣ
һ㲻ϲɽסƩѩһĴ󶼳ǣŻϡؼôһֻһɽͷѷҲôޡ
Ѳɡ
ԭȻ۾һѲСɽģ
βһѩǰܣܰ׬һȥ컯ϸˣ
ԭһץһֻޣޱȳ졣
鿴úͰԱԭץ½Ƶ㣬ϵͳ壬ĬĬسɴȴʱ仹ʣһְ룬ǧҪס
ͷſôүϲߣˣڹ꣬ɱʺʮ˴ڡ
ñס䣬ͬסţ˫źҵسԭȥ۶δš
һֻ˲ɲվͰˡ
ԭõĶʹʹᡣ
ಡ
֪ʲô·˺ԭֱƤ΢ɣúͰ˳
ԭüȥֻСɽɽλãһŹĿŵسǷ˵òʱһ
Ŵϣʵ޿⣡
Уɽ׽ѵ˫أɽͼԭϮڵغɽɽﱻķ뽩֣Ɒɵ߾Ϳʼ֡
ĸĸõİΣֱɽܣδܼͿ鱻׽鼱֮£û˼Ѿһ˼ʸ
֧ļǰβѾﵽ𣬲ȻǷƲ˺ԭķ
ϧļһֻ֧ոõһ֧ʣµֻζʧˡ
ԶԶؿɫȵذסңĿߵؿڣҪһȻʸδ֣ٶȱǹ޷ܵεķֱ͵˺ԭǰ
֪ϴթŪȥģ롭
ԭ޽ǵĺ׷૵ֻǷԣˣһ³Լ鵤㣬ҵ׵֮
ǺüƲߣһΣ»𣿡
ԭЦͷųɼѹ
Ҫɱˣʱ趯ֻ֣йһ˿ѹ˵Ѫ֮޷ɳһ̣ͻᱬ
ɱ˵ķʽʹ˼Ϊʹֻ࣬һδ֪ǿ·һֻ޴εʹؼѹȫ챻ˡ
Ʋסļ⣬ҵزǵ׻Ѫ
ļ٣ֿһ۵ʱʣʮˡ
һҪס
ԭסطһδͣͷţȻͺԭľ̫ˣŻκ󾳽磬úͰܾ͸˵ˣľ绹һ㡭
ԭֻҪֳһ˿ֻܽ쫷绯⡣
ʱԴ򵽴ǱҳĿӶ𣬳ǵĿ޺鱻ڽȰвöڵϦֻͽᵤڵԱѡ
һסԭ
ΣĹͷСɽĳһɽȻ䱬һ˵ԳХ
һֻԳĽŲã̤ƶǳɫë裬ÿһڽڼӿŭ
е˯㣬Ҫǰȶ쫷磬ƫһɽ֪Сɽ˴١
ǿƫУպҵؾƵǿıȫը٣һ̳û¡
ŭֵӱ
úõģô׵һļСһ֪Ķͷ
ŭֵټӱ
ԳѸײڶ֮Ʊƽԭ
Գ壡
úͰ鶼ϲؿߣСδԳ֣ʱԳ缰ʱ·𿴵ȫΨһϣ
ֻԳ弲Ƭδͣƽԭͬʱ˫ַһâ·ɫ
㷢ֽԳ
Գɽⲿλ̿ɱȽʯɹء
˫ȭֱ泯ԭͷȥ
ԭƫͷȻԳٶȱĶ࣬ǰüͷһ壬ֵ̧ǰ
ȴδ룬ԳĹƼת£ֱȡ°
ԭȻҲûоţ󲻹һڵޣж
Լ壬һδܸʲôʵԵ˺
Ȼԭ֪ǣԳ޵˻ΣҲֻа벽֮ңѡ
ֻϲ޳ˡ
㷢ֽԳϺ͵ҡ
Ϻ͵ңԳһ˵Ŀ/£ԷԱΪʱ˺
ԳȭХصػ˺ԭ£Եľ綥°ڡ
ƺһ붨
ԭνס
ʹδĳλ仯֪ѾﵽԺ
񡭡
ʲô
ˡ


47 

ԭɱĲҺ, ˫ֽɲн˫ȣͳϺ, ڵϡ
Գ嵭ջȭͷ, ݳ˫࣬âʧ, ָֻոĪ, ž޲ģ
Գ˧Գ쪣Գʽ뻯
ýðųݵۣȻмһ־֪û, һȭͰͷſˡ
̫, λʽٶȣⲻƫеľ׼ȣ
ݺݵĤˡ
ͷϵĺˮ, ԭ촽˶, ʹŭûС
ĸػ, 治ɫȻδùѾΪ˰裬ܹǳϵⰡʹһҲûм١
ԭֻǰ󷢺, ЩҪʹȥ
ǣܵ, £ʲô̧ͷɡ
ԭǿվԭ, ŽԳĿ⼸ǰƤ, Ｗ㡭ô
ô㲻£
ǧ, һƵСԳһҪȥ, ֻüѹ׵һ, ս
Բסˡ
ԳĺĮɤȫûǸ⡣
ԭĿѣȫĵʹУ̧ȴ׵Ҳ۲ˡ
ʱسɴȴʱڽڱɫʹõ״̬鵱ֵ˺ԭǰӸµؿżŵĺԭ
ԭɫ䣺㡢ôģ
˵ȫʢʱڣ򲻹飬ԵˣĶˡ
˵˵ҳҪͬһս
Ʊ벻ףΪʲôԼһֻ뷢չأͷȴȥƻ
ϴΣҶɽ飬أҶص֡
ۿźԭΣ˵ʲôҲŹˡ
Ǽ֪ΣȻ⣬Գ̤Ʒɽͷˡ
ԭڱԳ崸Ҫ֮ʱάֲס֮ӿ׹֮ʱ˱İסƽͻص˵棬ˣڽˡ
ԭʹٶͳֻëʣѩݶʱֻʹһΣʸϵķٲȻ޷ٷˡ
ںԭóʵ˲䣬һȣĸ첲ԭ֣ëʾֱ˳ȥ漴ֵɳëԣһץסǰ
ޱʣƷܣΪΣô˱ջԲ˲ɽ磬У෨ͷ֮ƿһֻܷһΡ
ȷǰѲ
ֶ˴
ԭޱʶߣҷŭͬʱ֪ԼȥҪҪϻһʮƣΪϼơ
ϻǹĥԼһ·׷һһҹֹŹֵ֮׷Լ׾٣Ҳǰ׷
ԭɴ£ԭˣ˫֮ѪӲǿţˣ⳥ʧսˡ
϶òΪô˵ҾܷŹɣ
ʲôЦƵģͷһͣôȺͯ棿
ԭƹˤ۵Σɱң
һһٵ˵ɱ˳
ԭ֮ɫ˵Ҳɱ˳ҸҸǸҪҪװ£໿Ѽɽ͹쾭壡ѵɱʱҲǳ𣿡
ҡҡͷͷʵҩɾˡ
һԭȥ
ԭﲼѪ˿˵δ൱󹤾ѹե
δ
ȻŴ׬ȡֵɵӣĶΪıʵ¡
ÿһֵõģеöˡ
Ҳţ㷢ģ
αʱ䣬鿴ĺԭ򣺡Ѿĵò˰ɡ
ţԭԼ죬һ޴ҲûŪըأ죬ѱľ˴롣ԳղһϺ͵ңʵʵذҳˣֻ÷ֳʣתˣ綼ǿ֧֡
ԭ鳯ԼԶǴʵڹأʱתˣֻΪϵһ̫ɽ
񶾵ض鿿ӰĵڴʱҶԼ֣ԱԪҲҪһˮ
ԭû뵽ǣ鲢ûйǾס죬Щĩ
ԭţ㡢ҵʲô
֪ܿˡ
ҩۣûٶ֣ʮԶԭȻֲõԤС
ֻʮϢߺȻƵľֺ
ˡ
ԭһŵò
ǧƵɱ˷ƺƴس˴ӵǶξȻ뻮һɺĸֻһͳһĿꡪ
þôѺԭɱʵ̫ˣȻ뵽ɱ˷ҩۣʱã˷з
ɣҩôɣʱСϪߵɱ˷Ⱥ֮һ
ԭʱëƽʱЩͼޣݽߣˣôɱ˷ֱҪ
ԭǿдˣתһѪһ˿쫷磬ͼЩɱ˷ߣȻ쫷ֻǽȺɢߵɱ˷䲻ʱַ˻
Ⱥ˿δˣ˾ټŭѭζϵǵĻиͷǶ쫷磬ʱķĻسԭȥ
ǳͼΧζɷǿֻҪ࣬ǵоһζˡ
ԭֻϢĹ򣬾ٷסǷȺ޿ײĹƣ򣬸첲ȣǰغȫ˼룬еĲλʱ͹ͷƵװ
ԭĲҽڶҲһ˿ֻ˱۷˰㵸ȫľڣԭĶԽԽٻԴҲԽԽ
ͷֵˡ
һߺһ³룬ԶԶģ±ԭҵǷȺˡ
أ
ԭʵʵ׹ڵϣڱǷѪ˶˴⬣ϴССĹİҲ̶ãѱʶԭģˡ
ӣ͸ˡ
ɱ˷ȺںԭʬϷһᣬĲٶ½Լҵķ䳲
ӽͳõǱֲϵͳ̳ﹺһӴںԭʬԡ
ֵ˵ལ£漴ɵؽԭʬײ͸
ڽûŵ˲䣬һ͸ɢ΢΢âʱشӺԭʬϵͷӬƵ˸ʹ˳ȥ
зһ̣ͽǰ͸ץס
ϵͳһֻԪ񡣡
ʿԪӤڣԪͻӤ״ɶʱֻҪԪҵʵǡ
Ųźԭһ֡
ƻԴһЩ͸ǺԭԪٽһģһȫȻСĺԭ
ȻͷթúܣסԪ񣬳ܡ
ԭûϵ˼ܣڵ˲ƣûһ⣬һ
ǸթŮӣ
Ԫץסһ̣ͬھԱĹͷԥˣǧ꣬޵˵УѵҪڽգ׵ص
Ȼδ¶ģܾͶȻڰбգƺһСС
ޣɴԪ񣬷ֹԱ
ոպϵͳһĵߣֲֵаޣԺԭԪûʲôȤȫԽݻ٣ֻľ
һΣ׵ӣδػػҵԭľɽô꣬һ֪ġ
Ԫ񣬺øԼָ·ĵ
л˵
ȥҡ


48 
װźԭԪķ, ̧ۿܣʱԴ·վһƽѡ
Ŀ֮ǵٵĽ, ϱڲԫ, ũҲƻ˲١ԭ׵˵Ǵ󶼶ʧȥʶСʶѵڿ޺, ҽҲ˴, ܵÿ죬ӷԼҩ, ʱڶܵҽǡ
ϵͳؽҽ, ɻ20ֵ
ϵͳؽé𻵣ɻ8ֵ

һͳ, ̮ľͨͨ, ɵĿյ, ʱ࣬ţһķһ޸ǧֵ
һԴ򼸺ָԭ, ֻЩ˺ȥǡ
ͳһ˵ʮλ, λɥͷҪúøôЩ޹ֵǲźá
˷ɱԭ, Ȼ, ݱ, ֵû½, Լһ㡣ǵﶼ, ɽӻǶҪ
ǰܻǲףƼ磬ֻɣڴϵ|˿ݣȥûһһȫء
ǿɽｫǶһģֻ̧䣬ķݱһԭʱݵţǽľ²ѵָֻԭӡ
һ紵ŵɴһǣʲôû壬ɽԭʧӰȥ١
ͬʱѧУ˫ͷСںţʱΣѹͯǶӵ˳ȷϺˡ
ʱ᰼飬ܵȥˣ
򼱡ա
ôΣգ㻹ҳȥʱֻҲ̫ˣɽѾǶնɱ
Ƕδˣһ
ſץ𣬶쵣ĵȥˣǳôеùȥɣüʱ£Ҳ֪ΡôˣΪﳤҪʱҡ
Ҵãʱ᰽ҡ
ɽɷ޲ԭ׵µӻڣԷЩӡ
û뵽ɽأôޡһһһߣ˵
ǰֻԳһȭ㽫϶ŵʵɽﲻ¡
һѹҲ죬ǰɽ͵ʮ̳ӹƣʱͲ²ⶨɽģռԳΪ̳ը٣ͷ֮ңǲɵþһ
ԺҲȥ͵޵Ķˡ
ʱСƹһӣǵģʱᰲʣ˵ôɽֻޣúֻ
һ⣬ˣʱᰲãߣճ˻ڳߵİ࣬ɽ޶¶СޣݲȻ
С쳣ɽҰöò࣬ҼҵĻôô֡
ʱȻֻ߰꣬˼ϸ壬ϳɣ黹е㵣ʲô
ƺһʣõɽҰܵöǣɽòʵֻҲÿֻ˵ʱ򣬿ȷһֻͨҰá

ҹԴ໧˼Ҷ˯ȣҲˡ
˲СˣҪԴһȴҲǸ
Ͽ޵һѱһᣬһΪ˳ˣΪЩϵ㶹ۿžͿ㶹ˣһ콵ũըһ롣
˺ð죬Ű׺ȥ˯
ɵȵ˶Ϩư޺͵͵СԺ
ҹȥľ壬˺ԭϳԭһľɽͳ֮أ̫ˣúԭϢûȥǳȡҹζࡣ
һԼӹ֮µƲ㣬Ϣؼٷš
ΣûнУվһ񶷣ǺúϢȥɻսƷģľɽΨһвĺԭѾ˴ǰҲȥء
ߺʱʹãСٶȴֺֻʱ͵Ŀĵء
Ž±ҹɫȾĹľ壬鲻пÿÿǰҹжҹжˡ
ľľݸŻգƺں˯֮У⾲׵ֻвԴū֮󣬴Ѳߵ˶УһĴׯˡ
ľɽСɽһֻһɽ壬߶ȱСɽԵһЩ֪ǲľԵʣľ쳣ïʢÿò죬Сǿþ˵ǧ
֪ͨĲܳ׾ͶˣŲаף֮ߣѹֺԭҪūǵ֦ϲɲҶ
ԭɽҲòϡ
ҪĿҵľȡľ飬ȥԼҵˮںϡΣҲ֪ɽĸ۵Ľ䡣
һʱͳѯľɽλáſеϢִ֪һµطĴܸ̽ѰһȦָָԭɽķָָߵɽָָ֣ǿָָ£黨һšɹְԼΡ
麹գˣ֪ףҲǵһˣһΧڵı̫࣬ͻԭشת
ڣһ̶֣ӽͳֻӡ˺ԭԪĴޣޡ
϶ѣ˯
ԭڹһ죬бգ޾ĺڰһַ·ڵĴڹﶾ䣬޺ģ
ڹﺿһ죬ʱеˣڹӵĽʱͬʱؿʵ
ѾͷˣϷĴϷ۲ʶ̩ɽҵѾնɱҲ㳥ˣֻʣһԪҷ˰ɣʵڲɴĵط̫尾ˣأҳȥҸʲôС
ӹܼ򵥣ڵλøңұ㿼ǿǷ㡣
ʲôԭؽ
Ȼľɽ
ԭ۾תתô֪ľɽһľֻܻĿǿǣˡ
ǹľɽǸƧɽͷ󲻹ǺˣֳһŹЩѽ
ԭģƺԼɽͷٱ΢
ϵͳ˵ѣ棬Ȼġ
ϵͳͻȻðһ
ɼںڽص¶ϵͳż
ü϶Ҫ֪Լҵڣ˵ûüֵҲûõĶŵġ
ԭ͸Ӵ˸Ųϵûüֵ
֮вԭٿȫȻư͡
ƶˣ˼˻ᡣȻΣΪܻЩ״֡ɽǿ̶ðȪˮѾƷȪƷɽ»۳СϪ֮Ȼ嵭ɢ
˵ľɽʲô״ĻһòˡΧľȻҲͨľïʢȴԶλȻɽŨĵط
ڲɣ
ԭԪʱ񱻲˽Ű㣺ûУ´ˣڲôô룡
Ȼô˵Ǳһˡ
ǷЦ⣬жϴѷ޶شֱ糯ȥ
ţǰ쳣׳ɣʮֲܻɡ
߽۲ȻһȻ֦ͬӰ㣬Юž磬ӭ泯
鷴Ӧط֣
ֻǿ·Ȼһ㣬ɻ˻Σ·˯Ѱ㣬˸Ҷ죬֦ͬ߱ζţһɣɴදʮ֦׶ȥ
֦Χʱʱ֣ÿֶԭͣһϢЩ֦գۼ֮󣬰ѵϵһ˸ߵʯ
üĵһ׷ɱԭˣס˶ɽĺԭỤˣټǧ䣬ġ
һͶ̸һ̸
鳢Ժͨδţ֦һδͣȥ
ȻӴ󣬵Щ֦鶯þ֣??нߵּһ֦Ѿȥȫ֦ɽңҲûץ顣
УϽǰɣҿɻˡ
˰죬Ҳ˻ķֲ洦һȵźݺݵķ֧ʱľмɽҶͬѩƬƬƮ䡣
ڲͬķ֧£ͳŲסˣ֦׷𣬴ﴫһĪأʹʹ˲ˡ
ǰ䶨δȿڣʵɣľ岻ӭˣϽ߰ɣȻɽˣ߲
ɽ񲻻ˡ
ʲô˼
նɱֻʣһĨԪ񣬱ҷӡ
룬ǽʵ棬ͬʱͻȻŭѡ
δϣƺûѹɣﷴһ˿ͻãûƭң
£˵ͷ
̫أˣǸͷǶж񱨣ұūôЩ꣬ڰͷˡ
֦ٴǿĵ㵸
棺ͷū࣬Ҳū𣿡
ɲɽػ飬˽ЩȥúܣҵҶӸճû죬ͻᱻ޶ùͺͺҲĻҡ㿴Ǻĵͷҵ˺ۡ
Ť˸ӣչʾҶƬ֮½ڵɡ
Щϣʵ̫ʱһǾͻˤȥĲǹġ
ΣǸ˵Դ룬ֹ㣬ͷҪˣǶԲסˡ
¡ȻĵǸ
мصһָɣ治֪ôлźá
ææʣҴ˵صľ֪𣿡
֪ȵȣ򿪡
䣬ֻһֳߣ¶һټھϣͽȥɡ
лˡ
ûж룬߽Ǵ
󣬻СɽǿشڶѨλãڷһɢ̹ľ飬Բӯɢˮ鲻ͬǣϱţͬһȻСƣڶѨ롣
ȡľ𣿡ʡ
顰šһѾľı棬ЩľƵ̫ˣ£δܽľ齫Щֿ
ͷĵشһ仰
ľߵĻҲ
л˵


49 
鿴ľƵ, Ϊľľɢųߴǧȥ, ͺľ鳤һ, ѷ֡
ЩͺñϵľѪܣľǹ, жϾ, ȡ࣬ȻҲˡ
ѹ, ɽֻһߴ, ԭľֻȫռˡ
ǵأ
ʱס֣Ū
ϧһǽᵤ, û, Ȼܸһˡ̾һ
ֲ޸, ӦΪֻһΪѣֻܿվۣΪ, ᵤˣѾǧ֮, ſᵤڡ
ҵһˮˮľ, պÿԺľں, Ҵ˴Ϊľ顭
Ҳ̾, û뵽״
ڱص, ȡľ, ǧʹɥͦĲ̵ġ
ˮθԵ쳣
ˮľ֮ΪˮľľתٶȻɱǣȫһһڶĻΪٶȸ
˵еֲľˮ˫ĵطңȻи͸ˡ
Ȼϵɽ̫οˮľϵôδıԸҵһˮ˫ķˮأúõ
ѵõĻǰŹ˸и취ҵ鵤ߣڿԣĵطҪ˶ãҾ³ˡ
˵գһ֪˳һ״С˵Բ飬Ҳɢ΢ɫâ
ֲڽᵤ鵤൱ǵӣֻҪ鵤𻵣Уʱգֻ·ѿ
ָǿ鵤΢·֮ôĵذ鵤ң
Լǧ鵤һİɣʵǸʮðյľǧľ鵤ֵǣ̰鵤ȥɵҩҲ޷
֪ΪΣ飬ԸֱӰ鵤
㣬һֳġ˵
ʱ޺ֲĵж׼ǳμͲøеˣһǻ
Ǹ֦ǰһͣ鵤ͻġ鵤˲䣬˳ߣľϵĸ·˲ʧȥ˻һĿ١
ι̵Ҳ֮ʧˣ׵ر㽫ľǶѿժ˳
鵤ľһϸк߳
ʱѾģԲԵҶգۼή䣬ڵ˺һ㣬ǰֻʣ¿ݻƵ֦ɣɲǼ׾Թ϶š
ԭɽȹ̵֮䣬ǰƽ˵ԭıɽڻɱԭʱҲûʬϷִ֮ĶҲǰѼҵˡ
ϲȥһǧأȷʵûеطɽȫ
ǵɽǰһԭľ񣬲֪ǲǸ֪ԭ۾ƷϿտҲҪᡣ
ԭὫɽƾû÷˸ˣԼ
ɽźԭסլԺܿĴҵĸ˽ء
ʮڴľӣÿһڶģȻ֮ɵˡ
ʮ䶼һĻһֻõͦõúƻѰıīĸƻƮҰ׳ণִgifͼ
ϸȫȻûЩе⾳ֻҪײҪͳͳ˽Ժϲ黭ɣʯҲǺõġ
ʯƷʵģһǧ飬ʣµ䣬һӹŶһԪ˵ĵҩ
ԭҲԣЩûõֻͷļҵһǧƷʯ
ϵͳĻʣЩʯҲͼֵһֵӡԭԪķ޻ֵأ
˿ˣ
ţĪͷʲôļ˽˱𴦣
ѷóضŹͷզôһɽȫҵֻһǧƷʯ˼𣿡
ȻԼһʯûУ˵һֱ׳
ٶĻԭʶȡļҵס
ԭŵϣ£һ׷˽ȥ˵Եͷ
֪ǿòûãһĹûŵ
ԭûԼһᱻ˳˼һᱻָԪӵม
ҲҵĴЩֻұѪ㵽ˣҵ˽ҲõˣʹдͰҷ˰ɡ
ԭధֻ̧ܸ֣ĨԪˡ
üʵ˵û͵ʲô
ûˣûˣҷģԭ˻ߡ
ڳԪѾʲôûˡ
ʱ˿̣ԭͷӿһ˿⣬ûһ֮ȥСɽ˿̻ɽ񣬶ǼյĹܾĥ
ˣѰ˼һֻɵԪôҲֵǮһǧƷʯְɣҲûʲôüֵˣˣһ׬㡣

Ԫ񶼲Ź
Ȼûʯ֪һطֵԵֵùƷʯԭæ
һ˿£ʲôط˵
ԭֺ֣ãҪ˵ˣܲܰҷˡ
˵ˡ
鷴־ҪؽңԪ̸
𣡣˵˵ԭ֪Լûκε̣Ԫܱܲסȫ飬æͲӵȫ˵˳
ǸطʱżȻ䷢ֵģһ˵ɽͷľûмǱضǿأԣҲ²ɽǸĽһöļֵΣҲҶ˵ԱԪֵǮö࣡
˵Ϊβȡ
Ϊ̾һǿϢ֪ΪҾû롣Ҹҿ϶ǣǲɵϢҲޣϽľˣȡǽûҵĹľɽںϣҾ뿪ˣպ׼ȫȥȡ
ɽͷڹľϷǧλáǵϢ֪Ľˣʵܽȡ
ԭ˳Ĳʺƨ
ӵһ̫ɽ
ӺԭԪĿе֪һɽŽɽƺһǿδ֪أǰȥ̫ɽһ̽
δ֪
Σϵϸߣؽ3ٽд񡣡
γԭļң˵ֻɻһǧƷʯպܰǰǷܷ򸾵ʮƷʯˡ
ֻһԣܲեɺԭһֵû뵽һեե˵㶫
ϵͳԭҲûڲƭزŸո2õ23ĹؼƷľ飬ϵͳҪ˿úԶ񻹵ԡ
֪ȫˣҲûãռطкãҷ˰ɡԭٴΰ
УǾ͵ʲôʱõٷ㡣
԰գְ˴
ɳɽ׼뿪ľʱس¿ȥ֪ʱήѾۼ˲ٴһֵֻ̿ͷ
ǷʱֳĶ̫󣬾˯Ĵ񡣳˺ԭηľǿˣǵĴùľʱǿĪؿή㣬֪ʲô׷׻ֵ̿ع
ˣɽһǵ
Ʋסʹ
Ŀ˶٣쳹ׯ
˵صɽǿѡڴ˾ס뿪
ǵʱŴͣ˿
ʲôǵɽˣǿôܻҲɣӦòƭǣѵǵɽǱɱ
Ȼ鶪仰αȻƮԶʧڹľϿա
Щ˺ȥδӣġ
ԭȣҲҪҪЩľأ󲿷ԭȶǹľūЩп̹֮ޣձǹͬĲʵڲغг
ҲΪūǸԭΪʲôء
ˡ
˸·ǱԭƻǱˣӴׯ޹൱ūŰ֮ʱע˲ᱻСɽɡ

صСɽһ±ҪҸλ
ˮڵȻ棬ȫղ⣬ʺֲ档ԼҵɽͷһȦֻԼɽλãÿȱ䵽ĵطҿ̶ڣҲ㽽Ȫ
ɽѡһλãĸ߶ȴС㣬֮ʱܸǰɽϾʱ³˸̡
ڣֿʼڿӡ
˯ǣõһܳںõԣʲôб𣿡
ûش𣬴ӽóǿľ鵤
۾һôһľ鵤Ūģ͸ҵ𣿡
õͶֵ˶ǰӦһľԵ鵤ãʡȥ߲ҵ
ǡ
ϴΣһǧģҴӦҪֳԣҡ

˲飬ίؽУôذܣ䶼㱻ͷͲõһ鵤
أ鵤ԼããһֻպľԵɱƽʱúڻڣȥӶҪˡ
òû̵ľ鵤һͨģһ䡰Ҳˡתˡ
鿴ԶĻãеûڣŷŵĻǲе˵ˡ
ľ鵤ίʵܸȻԼʲôˡ
ҡҡͷľ鵤ŽӣֽһȪ
һУسɴ׼ʼں
ľŵˮԱߣһ֣ͺ໥ĴʯһƯȪصϷתš
ϵͳںС
תϵԽԽһݣ໥̲໥ڣâתܶӳع⻪
ֻʮϢʱ䣬ͳΪһ壬ϵͳʾ
ϵͳںϳɹ
ϵͳǰΪˮľ˫ˮǰÿղȪʮŨȪ˰ٽֲﲻͼڱ仯һļԿɳɳũֲٶ50%
ʱˮľͨĵ飬ʹһȦһһĨߣ·βС޾Ρ
ӯ䶼ӿһֱ˵Ĵ
ʱĵطСɽԭΪ˥ֲܵ»СϪԵɣȴѿֲ̼ۿɼٶš
ȪУ˯ɫƤ˶һѵļ


50 
صƤ, һۿıǿǳҫˮľ飬ԼվǸݵŮ
ˡ
Ů۵ͬʱı仯, ǰ, īɫϲ
˻ƣ˯˶ã
һ¡
ŻȻʱ߿, һʪĶѨڡ󲿷ֵһȪ֮, ̺չñըǧٿ׵ȱʧƬ, Ȫ޲, Ȭ
ʲôȻûô˶ȪǺˮľ顭
һ˲ΪԼξ֮, ͷ­, Ȫˮ, ûųʲôζſ죬һԼˮ
ȪǶȪ
𾪵صɴɫͫ
ôôݳ޵öȪ裬һΣ
ԴȥײѨұ, ͼԼײѣһضɽҡ
ͣͣͣˡ
鿴ɵغһˮ, ȥײǽЦ, æֹ, Сɽһһʮظ
ԭҳ˯һ, ô¡
Ȼ, ̶֪һ, ղŵķӦҲ̫ûϢ˰ɡ
ٻȥһΡ
Сɽ¾Ȼôˮѹڶ̶ǧڣֻޣպȵöɽȪˮȻûз֡
֪ԭǰСɽʱȷֺ¡
Ҫزͷǡ
ɽ֮ٻ֮ᷢ£ԼһĶֵذͼչû뵽ᷢ£оա
鶼ȥˣúڴؽʡȪöپö٣ЩԲˡ
ԴǺСӰ
ǰŮͫһ˿ϣҲڴԼε
ţ㷵ڸס£ʲôûʡ
գۼ䣬չȥ
ԭ˵ʮ½˹ʹ˲ҩȥȡԺԭĸۡﳭӵҩõĵҩԷ˵ɳ֮Ϊʥҩˡ
Ҳֻãҩʹ͸ʹãϤľΣЩ벻Ȭѡźǣȥ޷ǵ׾ȥһЩȪٵĸ֥
ˮľںϴЧԶ׼ģСɽũＸһһھ㶹֮ȥѾջˡ
ӲӵС󣬸ԲĳȺϹϣҶ̵ĺͮͮķѺǵķڲֻ㶹һʳ
ںľ󣬴ĸı䣬ֲı仯Ӱ졣
黳ǰµδֲ֪ƻԭ򣬿ܾʺϡֲ˵ֻÿֲϰԲͬ򡢻ԼյҪҲͬȻЩˮľ˫ʱӭж⡣
ˮľ൱ڸСɽĺ´ɶɶعǽ
仰˵Ժܹ棬ԲݮҸˡ
ǰȥ鵤Ѿ˰߸ߵС硣鼸γԺСԻʧܸգ绹̫Сδָʶ˫BUFFӳ֣Ҫ³شǰǰĸ߶ȣҲûꡣ
ǰЩӣ齻ļɣӶѽһɱ˷䣬СϪߴ䳲
ϵͳʮֻɱ˷䣬ɱ˷ز
ɱ˷ۣʳ÷ۣζӪֵߣٽˡó׼ֵ2
Ŀǰֻز޴㶹ɣó׼ֵ1û뵽ɱ˷۾Ȼߵġ
ĥó׼ֵأСɽǰŴŵ꣬Ψһھӹľ壬ˡ
ӵزܸ˭ȥأ
һ֣Ȼ뵽һõ񣺲齭ܡ
齭һδ֪ӿ̴ƵƵ£˸Һɲ齭Ū֮µ׷ʲô
δ֪
Ӧþǿ̵ó׵Ĺؼ
ʱӵʱϵͳʾգؽ2ȥȻﵽϵͳҪ󣬰֮ϵͳҲʾɽͬġ¼ܣġɱ͡㶾
ɱĲɱʹʮĵҲȫڻ¡
㶾ԴԶأҧе˺ὫעԷڣʹԷʱʧȥж
ȻУܷ΢ĸı䡣
ɱҪģɱ˵̬ó޽ɱˡ
㶾΢עʹ߱Զأʹеĵʱʧȥж
ȻܸһԶ̵Ĺˣ
ǰܶõֻлúͰģõĽߺͺȵֻʺսźſᣬԽգɱ㣬һļܡΰ๲ܣһӾֲԶ̹Ķ̰塣
ɱҪĳֵ㣬ֱϵͳ̳һһѼɡ
̳ﰴϰҳбۼ㣬˵ıӸϴĴֲֻ࣬Ҫ10ֵ򵽡
ϻֵȥǱ˻εֻ̽ҪգһΣգŴűӶˣΡ
һȦ˵ҪʮֵǿԸһѡ
ޣƷߵĹͷ񻯺Ƴɣֲʧ̣βмǴ̡ۼۣǧֵ
ӱ޵ĹͷƳɣϰĽɱʺϲ
ʹظǮһɫĹʳС
ӵֲƻԼҵأǺСɽߵһɽͷ¸յõʽ
һʯǰʮɵλվǱ޳ʯɱܷĹͬڳǾʯסβĹǴ˦ʯУעǹǱ˰㣬ͬڽɱߣϵս
ģ
һ죬ʯܲס֮ķѣʯɽ
ƺӣ
⼼ܵɱΪ⣬ϵʯ֡
ͬġɽ񼼣һBUFFӳֻ֣ҪĬ֣ܾܵȻȻʩչ
δʹӣȴʹɱ˵ǿ޷ʵڷ˼
ȻҲƣǰǱӱ봥Ŀ꣬Ӳͬ߰㽫ʽ֮ӴĿ꣬ɱ޷ʹã㶾ˡ
ͺܿڱ׼ȵƿˡ
Ȼ׼㣬ڴδʹӵ˵ͦѵġѾ׼ذմķʱߣȴΪ˦ȥ̫󣬱β˦ͷ󷽡
޷ɽֲģֻжϰܲ׾
죬ŮͯӲص״żᴫȥɽչƷǵԸϱ͵ﵽɽϰ޷
ɽ¹֮£һŮ鶯ӯֻӹ񳤱ޣÿһƿ֣һʯ飬һþȻ¡
Ŀ֮鲼Ŵľʯضϵľ
һᣬŮĶǷ˱ˣϯضͳֵˮͷһȪ
Ȫˬ
ǣߵºͼĺǣĪأһɹ¶ͼȸȻ
ļУɷƿؽڳͱ仯֮սķһϲͨδأҲȫĻʲôΣգΪСɽ˳λ
ִɱɱĸоܾûˡ
İܲϰߡ
ֻϰ˼գľͱǱ޵հĥ˺ۡ
ʡĵײðһʣﵽôɵģ
Ŷͷ䣬ƺСɽɽ񣬳˲μӹɽۻᣬУû뿪µĴɽ
ǣɽ
֪磬ǿɵģסһȺɵɺһפڷĵɣòõĵײɡ
ԭʿ׷˫һһӵ׵򣬾ΪʱͻսȫЩ֪ԼûƺЩ֪˼伲ɺ
磬ɣĸĸأأ
·ȱʧһ飬һҲ벻ˡ


51 
ʵ벻Ļ, ǲȥ롣
οԼȥ
ȻԼڴԽǰ£Ǽǵһ
ռ壬ǷҲݹִ˵, Ըô, ֪ܲӦǵѸ˾Ĳ͵ͬǡ
Ȼɵ, ÿһ춼úȤ, 룬гһ, ܺλĻ, Ըġ
ֻܵϵͳ̳ûܹԽʱλĵ߿
ϵͳûС
ҹϰϰУϵͳĻеŵƻ
ϵͳϵͳ˺ʱ϶, , ϵͳʵػ۷, ʱԾǨҲСһ׮
ȻҪٻ
վĴֶһռĿ꣬㼯ö飬, λ
ȻϣãҪѼʮʱ, ǲһ֪ءǷ, µɵĿ׬, صִ, Сɽֻ, Ҳװ״Խһ⡣
ʱ, ÷ʢϵСɽҲһܿİɡ

ı޷澫ɽϱʯ˵Ҳǧ顣
˴ָǿȵϰμԦ˴ǳ֪˵ָĴĶܹؿƹǱ޻ӳķ׼ϰһվȥ齭ˡ
ҹɽͷ罵䣬ͷ¹ӳ䣬ƺЩļ
ڶ
Ѳɣɽͷסߣ

ֻĻ֮£һɫ󡢲ۼ׵βһþһģþʱһ൹ȥ漴һֻСӰȻϿգɿת˰ӣȾ׼жδһűֱ׵һΪ
һ쫷Ȼǰž˿У쫷ɢ£ɼˤɷĩ֮ǰһѩ״׳Ӱ֣һֻǰצķɡ
Ȼҵֻޡ
գ̫߳ˣôҲʼˣ
ߣ˵ĸϸһôүצӿˡ
ڵϣԼĺŲ鿴ûʲôˣǽָһ㡣
һ˵̣뿪ԼȻչȥһ㶼ûк˼ղӰ
ȷڴ˴͵޷֪Լһ£嶼ݳٶˣ֮ҪȥʱʱضйһͨҲų
СǾ˶ӣЧ˵ضһǰҲĥĥԼΪ
ԭϮ¼һͶ뾲ʯӣȻܿͳȥҲûɶ˺ǼĲл֮ȥ
ǵһΣʶԽǿԽ󣬾Ҫ࣬Ҳ뱣ɽе飬ػԼļ԰
·óֻҪһػػˣ̤֮·ĳԡ
ϧո߶ϾӢûб￴
ù롣
Ҿ㻹Ǹʺӡ
βϵľмĿǴ񣬼ֱǳõ񱻲βͰ㣬ȥҪ
ʱһƬɳʯëҷɡֲ֣ȰܶȰЩģԭ̤㣬˭Ҳ򲻹ȥȰҲǰķݶ
ڰ໹δǰżƽ֣ڰǰ벽ΣõĽ߸£ͱβķڵء
ǶУ˫κȦֻöض
зִ磬ûãþԼӿ˳ٴ۵س˹ȥٴαžɡòײǽͷҪϰһţǺǻòϱβžɵĸơ
ЦǵǾʮ㡭
ǲ֪ô֪ÿɽͷϰ޷£Ҳĸɾ
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οСͬġļܣһ˱ֹֻޡ
齭СɽĶһӣƼǲ׳Ľ棬ˮĴźӰˮļ˻亣档
˽ķԴؾ˵ǰܵļ籱ѩɽڻɽӣˮԱһȻǵ˴½
ҲΪƬ˶޵֣˵ڲ齭Ķ԰ȻĴսԭȻһ֮½ݵͬԴ
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齵ĸ߶ȣϸ۲ŲӿӿĽ棬Щ⣬ûʲô쳣֮
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ڽʱֻӰӶûֻ޾Ľˮӿܿһͷ͵ƽƽС
ͣ£ͷŽԲµĵӰ̾˿ѵҪµˮ֮ô
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ƤĹģ״ϣͣβԲĳ£Сɵزֵһᡣ
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ⲻǺ
ֻյźʱˮͿЩֻֻԲȻѾըˡ
ͨĺ಻̫һǣЩϳϻĻƺɫλƣ˼Ĵ̣۾ðź⣬͡
ƤࣺͼޣǳȺӵĳ֣ϳӲ̣ϲȥײ˵Ĺʽѡ
ЩͬԾˮ棬һͷͷţƵײԴԴϣǰ̡
һһ߲²⣬ѵЩĿꣿ
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ĳЩӲܼǿҵײš⻢ƤĹʽѵǵ´ֻûף
ΪʲôҴҴЩȻײСԸҲʮּ֣ܰʮҴȫݻ٣кδ
˼⣬ɴɱҲŹԭͳޡ
սޱע㶾
ɫĹâ鲻ܣӱ޳ײƤ࣬Ӱ֮һֻֻƤ·ݰתű˺档
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ʱȥŵ׵Ľϱ鲼˻Ƥʬ壬Ƥʹţɺ۾ŭţ·Ŀ
һޱң֮ǰʱţõı޷ȻֻܿŽ߶޻֮ЩȫӲ̣úȵŹ˵һǧҲ˰١
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˷
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
ԴʱŵһǱؽ֮£ͬʱһ۵ͯС˱£Ӧɽ񡭡
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Ĵֲϵ̧ߣֱѺͯٵƽеĿУǰĺͯ
ˮɫĵۣŵʿ٣ƺ֯ɣˮδϹ䣬ȴûʪ
Ǻͯ˵һģϹϾسʩһ񣺡ǲ齭ͯӣɽ񡣡
ض񡣡
Сֹȴ󷽹֮Ů飬Ҽҽǰȥ磬»δ飬֪ɽҼҽкҪ£¿ɴΪ
ԭûڼңǽʱأ
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һһ۵˵ء
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ҲСͯҲá
飺⽭ĴֻƵ£֪Ǻԭ𣿡
ӵıڷ仯ԭɽΪ¶
üëΪŵ˵ǽĳʵ΢޷ƷŵȽٴɽ鷳ˡ
üĳ
ӵͷԸ˳֪ģպȻ䣬齭ð
ܸϸ˵˵˵ܰæ
Щ̧ۿǰŮƺѰɽܲһ
ҲʲôҲ޷
кƣΪβһɫߵ㣬״ƺƶںСʱ͸ڽˣ˳ҲʮѺãԽҲжÿγȥʳˣ֮ǰܻ
ڽߺ󲻾õĳһգˣĺƳٳδ飬ҴСǰȥѰȴʶһ㣬С˸ҧˡ
˵̾˿µľݣҲðԹ
ע⵽ֻצһֻǶϵģǲĿ⣬Աذֻ˵Ĵֲ
治ϻʱ䣬СҲѹǰСǶô
Ӹ̾ͬʱһ˿⣬һֱ׺ΪôΪ鲻ѣܲԼϱҲҪˡ
ԭͷܵĳֻ㻹һˡ
ȵȣǰ˵Ƶβп״İߵ㣬ôβأ
ơһ𣿡ɵʡ
ҡҡͷһͷޡ
ޣ
Ծˡ
һԹϵһ㡣ĳ˿ȫ޹ԴǰһͷţԴеȣ°㣬һβ֧׳ζ
󲻳һֻ޺һ̸ֻʲôĻ档
ְԺĹŹֻܣɫӣ֪Ƶľλ𣿡
һγϱߵˮ֣ƮܿѾǶˡǻϮϴִֻֻܷʻơ
Ӷ˶٣ҵϣǧҪ˺˺ϲֻˣ˻ĵġ
ϵͳ齭ܡϢѸ¡
ŪԭǽĳޱΪκȻ䣬ֻŪֻʲôҵֻޣƽͻؼҡǽİĳмǲҪ˺
л񡣡


52 
Ŀƿ, ӲȻһЦллṩϢá
֪˽ֵ˭ûĵص, ֱһء
ɽˡ
æֵּ̿˸
, Ҹո˵Ӧɽ, ѵǰмɽ
Ķ, ӵС²ۻǱˡ
Ҳû¶һǰ, иϵʿ, ԳǸɽʽΪβúù齭, ʹūĴֻƵƵ¡ϵ׵ú, Ǳû, һͨ뿪ˡ
ɽūĹ˳Ǹðƻƶ
һ¾ͲµǸ˭ˣʧЦͷĴӰ
ܶ, ڲ齭֮ǰԭ˴ӶѲͻش, ˮ·߲ãԭſʼӸĴׯ
ʱ, Ͳ߶ˡóһС, ӵ, , ллΪָ·
һ, 򿪹ӣֻһӰ͸ɫ壬ɢ˵ȻڽףҲϵⶫƺзۡ
ٴ̧ͷʱӵӰѾƮԶˡ
á˵
͵㹾˿ݣڸ͡
СˣܰѺƴ𣿡
͵˿ݣѴֻӴĴԴϡ
Ҳ֪Ӿ£¹ԿǣҲѹƲŲǸĺ϶Ҳˣֻ̰桭
ӰοСˣڻķ۹ϣԥƬ̣ǵֵסʳջָմ˵ǽӲӵ۸࣬ŵĸʱ˿ǻ
üչÿһ˿񣺡ۺҪ˳ԡ
Сͯذѷ
ͯû뽭ˮ֮£ָķƽ˾

Ӻڽ
СͯڽףǲԵ½ϵĶ˳һ޷ۡ
СɽƷɱ˷ɿڣŮ٣һǾӼ֮Ѱ
ԶײڣͽýԺʲô£и㡣
һУһϸڽѲš
ȷĿ꣬ѰബֻɱһֻǱڽ׵޼򵥵öࡣ
ȻӱϣһֱѰҲûһബֻ
һ齭Ǳ£ѾؽûдֻҺɲ齭˻СֻҪǷ˴ģûܻλ㲻޳ˣҲ绢Ƥǰϲĵͼޡ
߻ãֻҪʻ齭ˮˮġ
̶Ϊ˱ɴ˲齭̵
Ҳûɥǳȵģܴӿе֪ôϢѾ֮ϲ
նĳϼУ鷵Сɽ
ԴϿգֱʹسɴ緵ңȻ䣬Ŀĳһ
Χ֪ΪΧŴ
һģǲȥɻʲôĪֳʲô£
ʱӿٶȣ䵽һεĲݶ󣬻ŮͯȺۼĵط˹ȥ
ĸͷȺǰ漷ȥΧ˵ۡ
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ǻм١
й£رֲ࣬ǸΣյĻư
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ԴǸƬÿЩֲȪӲݣȻһ㣬ÿ춼׬
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ֱǰЩںȻ֮ðѿ賤ҲտأҲǡ̶̼գֲʹѿ˼͵ҶƬިïۿųñ˻Ҫˡ
ǶڴԣɽｵµĸʹСɽũԴҲԡ
Դպһ׼ֲˮȴطЩٿ˰ɫС䡣
С׻ָֻ״һ㣬Ͼ޺ɢһ󵭵㣬е򻨡
ԴЩãЩֲ˱ĸ飬սС׻ϸģȻ֮ʱ·ǱߣҲڲ֪أ
һ˲䷢
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ҶԲԶһ޼һͨũӲݡתԴԭĵطտҲֻһѳͷڵϡ
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˰ڼȺǰţƬɫʱϵͳʱϸܡ
٣һֻҲԵʳֲ޺￿װҴҴʮ㣬һһֻҰҴ֭Һиʴԣһ泬ʱᱻʴɲ
һ뿪أ޷棬ó׼ֵΪ0
Դﻹû˰
äпֲģǰɱ˷ɣˣôֵֹĶۣ
ΰҴ˾ȳĬϵͳ
ϵͳٵϢۼ500ֵ
ٵѣˣ漴ĬϵͳϢ
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䶯ҴܿԴﻹţЩԥǣЩɽͣҪȳԴⲻҪ˺ЩֲҪʾɽϡ
ͳЯСľ׼ϵɽȻ鲦ȺֱԴ˹ȥ
飬ôҲˣȥæһ
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ʱԴǰ͸Һ㣬ڵشŴǼ״׷ȥ
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ڿٵʱе㲻ţϵͳһЧͼӰ
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˼򵥾ͰԴ˳ûü֪ԸֲķģͻȻ񽹼شܹ
ﳤˣǱҲˣȥ
ͷһȺΧ۵ǽһ˺ƺһ
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ıͰƨɼΪһ壬˰춼ֻú
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ţؾǱճסġ
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ţ£ǰ
ʵڲУܰ·ˡ
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ڳͬ̿ȻӵǰǶûٰĴţҲˣ߹ݵõҲ㣬ʵûʲôͷ
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ճѾùˣҪģ˿̺޲Ҹطȥ
һľֲɱгǿԣշڳʱճҺ״ű¶ڿʱ̱üӲ
ΪֲΪױ棬ʵüֵԶó׼ֵ
ַӰţûгֻǻȺΧšţֻ³ûȥɣȻ˵ҪѲƤ
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ǡű¶ڿʱ𽥱üӲˮࡣ
ǲ֪ܷˮҪúһ¡
ţ£˴ҴҸһ
ϵûţԴôˣʱѾ赹ڵأʧȥʶϡϡ·ȫǺͮͮѪΪˡ
ҲˣҶȥг
ŮѶⳡһŵüʣһأʹ
Χ۵ҲžģôѪܻˣ
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ɵָմ˵Ѫַڱǵţ԰ⲻѪ
˵æֹסеʣⲻѪʲô
ɫŹ֣ǡѽ
л˵
Դţ


53 
ѽ
һµͬʱ, ŷƬ޵Ĺӡ
Բɫ, ưС, һðܽʮĺӣϲ, ʮʳ
ѵ, ĿΪ͵ⷬѲŵ»Եģⷬж
ǲ²׷ס
ʧѪ赹Ļ鵹Ǻðˡְסص, ȡѨλ˼, Ƭ̣ǻԵĿضʱѹ, 
Ů״ӵһš
ͷת, ȫ֪ʲô, ԼֵķѽҲʶΪѪֻȥһΡ
զǷ֭ǲ͵˵ķ, զεأ
˷׷ѯʹ
κԴŬԼεǰ£Ҹղڵｽˮ, Ȼ󿴵һųķѴϹҾ߹ȥǷѼ
뵽ʲô, ɫһ, ָŷ־µغ, ǷѺȻһըˣ
˱ĺŵ÷׷
ȻҾͱը˹ȥ, ʲôǵˡ
ĨǷ֭ˮ
ɻش
ļٵ, ѻܱը
ǲǷѳֻ̫࣬þˡ
Ȼǰл˵ĻѻᱬըҲʲôϡˡ
Ϊ֤ĻǷģ˰һʯס˵ǿѵȥʱűը˹ȥ˵ѱժº󣬲̱ըֻҪúʱӦò⡣
һԸ£ǰժһŷѣȻѸٽ䶪ʯڷѵʯͬʱһæʯ׸˿Ϸĸס
ΪⱻըԶԶվʯ⡣
ʱȥʲôûз
ʲôǷը˻ûը
ʣûҿ
ǰʱȥյͷũûûġ
ѸӴ򿪿ɣôˣⷬҪըըˡ
ǰ򿪿ɡ
ǺǸӵһذʯŲǿŷѻشڸ׵ף㵱һѸȫƿ
ⷬѺúõģûը
ɻֹȻ䣬ڷϣͺεķѱ漱ٱͨ죬⣬·챻յڻ
飡
һǿĳʯըϸķѹ֭ˮͬŮɢ·ɽʯǷ׷꣬ͷķѽ
Ҳδӹͷմһ鷬Ƥ
ĬĬ̧֣ѷƤ
ѽᱬը
ãûըոˡ
˵ⷬѽͦġ
ѷѣһֲֳʵժºֻҪӴ⣬ͻڼ̵ʱڷըȡó׼ֵ2
˵˰춼жȻհѸӴûϢѾͱըˡֻҪϸһ£ܷеĹؼ
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Ϊٴ֤Ĳ룬ժһŷѶʯ漴ɿذѸӸϣȻǰһ㣬ֻҪŽյʯ㲻ᱬըһӴ⣬ʮͻͬŵĻҩͰһ㱬ѿ
ֻҪϢΣյıѷѣûʲôΣˡ
Ϊ˷ֹķѵը֯鲼סѣժºŵʯըɷѽ
ջѷѵʱⷢ˵С⡣
ʧûȣһŷѴ鲼˳ڵϹȦһˣڳӢ¾ƣ鲼ȥ󺰡ÿڷѱըǰסˡ
Ҳȵűѷѣ鲼ȴСı紵ۿɼٶȱͨ죬񾪻֮£ֻǦ㣬еķѳ϶ȥѡ顱ڿбѿٶķѽ
ջѵĹȻһæȻ죬ͰķﶼջˣæջҲ˲Ҳ̶õġѪˡ
ջķѽ洢̫ãʻȡ˽շѽһŻݵӣž޴㶹ܻһ﷬ѽ
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ֱˮľںϺũٶȴϵŸźת
쵽㶹ջӣ⼸춼㶹㶹ʲôأ˯ﲻˣһỹȥͷ
Ǽֻʣ飬˵
ｫõͷǰȥݻԷ
߽ţ׼ţԼ˵Ƕڣں˭˵
ʹȻһźԷһƿڵķš
ڴһ춯ѰȥֻĴ⣬һɫӰһذʲôս˻Լѩ׾Өë
šһ䡣
˼ת뿪
ڷ𣿡صǰ
Ҳ𣿡
ײüΣķ̸ƿţֻһˣ˴ţԵĲ
飬˵ǲ˵ˣΪģǰĴ绰٣Ӷ򲻳ƨڼУôתء
ܰɡ
ǵúԭʱѹ˵࣬Դûɶϵַ˲ҩȥӱӲʣۿѾһҪ죬һˡ
ڸղǵӰӣû´ĻӦǰ顣
еֵǣʲôʱĹϵôˣõëĵز
֪жమϧëƽʱģÿҪȪˮϸϸشһ顣
תһ룬ǰ鱻ԭץס֮ʱƿһȻûԺԭʲô˺ʵʵת˺ԭŭʱ䣬ŵԳ˸мҲ
ʱ˼´ʱס죬עǰķϡ
ѷѱͨķѸ֭ˮҲ㣬ըɽ֭ĥĹʡȥˣõȥƤմЩѽ֭ԭ֭ԭζŴջСɵģ͵úܽһů͵ķŨǿθ
鲻סؿգֻͷɷȻԺӴŴ̶̽˸Դ
ǡ
ǣôˣ
æк
ǻ֮һЦﱧŸСչӣ󷽵߽˸к磬˺õû
ԵԭȹľūǺö˶ʶڼ˺󣬾ǰ̽ƽǰջЩǽյв͡
Щˡ
ҪǼͷûԣն췴ˣԼһ˿ɽǡ
ΪҪѱ˫ĹϵǺߵúܽǼͷ󢶼ǺóԵĻҪղſȥأǸԵĺ֣ȫɽؿ
ǰѻĹӵݸһӷѽǶ˵⽴óԣҾͻһ㡣
ʵǿϰڵķʱ֪͵еˣﳤĶӣôûзѽء
Ҳûôֻ࣬ǽտ񶼻ⷬѽҲһݡ
ĬĬԹϣǰаëͷѽ޸ǳۡ
ûнӣҲôԷѣҼﻹкö࣬ҲԲ꣬Լûȥ԰ɡ
鿴˿մŷѽʣһѵƤԼһɾһβʣķ㡭
һԷѡ
ҰɣҰԡֽӹѽæԲ
ǲûϰֱƢЦЦҾͲǳԷˡ
һԷл漴뿪СԺ
ɸֵ̾˿õĹﰡ
۳ſʮˣõ˵׵ͣòһԵı£ǰмĹ˽¸ϲá
ȻûվûˣΪӲʯͷ˵ֲƢٺõĹﶼñˡ
ľ񡣡²ۡ
޹˵ﲻԣ
ÿָָ룺㲻Էѣ㻹Եôɾ
Ϊֻ
ֻǲʳϲ˷ʳΪԷѡ
ﱻ˵ǴܣУȥϴ˯ϴ
ȫվͬһսߣ룬һԣһѱޣ䰡
Ĭʰꡣ

л˵
Сʴ絽װԷѡ


54 
ļ, վҹȥ齭Ѱ޵ټ
鷢Щ͹Щǵǻۣһ, Կ;, ǾѾԼ
շڳʱճȸ۲, ߱һ, ű¶ڿеʱ䳤ҲԽԽǿ, һʮʱ, ͻ̣᳹γɫĹ, Ӳ̶Ƚʯͷ
ԻƷ, ľ˼ȥ¡
ˮ, ֻͻҿ֮£ŻڻƽʱĥһľӴͿĨճ
һһҹɹɺȺεճһ, ιȶһҲѷɫî, ʱĸо
ľڵĳҪƽһľҪ̶, û, ֻܿîҧ, ɱ֯ҪѶ, Ҫͨ, ľԼһĿռľѧͽƤëûѧѧҲ֮ˡ
׵î̶еľƷƽһ֣ľĲľѧͽҲ׵֣Ժ뽨ש߷Ҳȫȡ׽
֪ƽܳɹֲԶԺصĽȻõ
ǺֶһֵĹռ
ֻҪӣԶռǴƤȻڳģҪʱòӽ£ʱ䲻ռȻɣͻγһǽסͷˡ
ռҲܼ򵥣һ鲼ף䱸ľͰ͹ľһһܹθͰֻҪСЩλʱ䴥㲻ϴţճϵ
ȲɼٵĹɾΣնˡ
ƫʳֻҪǻﶼĲȻԴҵûչԼ⻹Ҫȫԣôָԡ
ǳԸͶι޴㶹޴㶹УЩͷ㽫㶹ͽƵҴȻҲˡ
ԭ򣬲²ֱֻܿ濿壬㶹˻ڳ¶֮󣬲ٲ֪ƭȳصֻûйԼĲ
ԵθҺƺʲôҴǽʵýһƤڴʲôװ¡˸ӣԿñѷιʳٻᷢʲô
һ͵ͨıѷѱͶι˲ٵҴ߲ܣһȥ󣬴ӲٵҴﴫһ죬ͬʱҴҲɱըŵʹȻ󣬲ٵҴѸٵرȥ
ҿϵľ޴Ҷ̧̧·򿪵¯ӣðһ̡ζҶ˵㱬ըʲô
ѷVS٣ʤ
ֻṥΧڵΧڣֻҪվڰȫͶι㲻Σա
żҲֹ룬񱻲̵
ͶιʱǶ鹤ڲСı̵Ҵһ˻ʹ󷨽ȳմȾһȳθҺҲܵʲôˡ
֮Ҳû׷ε֪ٵģֻСĴ󣬸Խ˾ȳ쿪İ취ҲֻС뵽ˡ
ȻҲװ׸ιʳԱ˿Ҫɻġ
ÿԱ߶һ겶٣ҹ俴ũֹЩҰ޴ܳƻⶫɱȵʵöˡ
ҰٻҲЩ޺С׻٣ǳһ̵صĴ졣
ֲֲֻʣ±ѷѣĿǰûкر;
ֱѷȻζͨѺóԵ㣬ռʵ̫ΣˡڵҲͨķѲûҪðȥֲֻᱬըķѡ
ԥ籬ѷѺҪҪֱֲһ죬ѧ﷢һС⡣
ѧؽ֮ͣտΣ¿ˡÿ´æ϶һʱ̺Ƕ֡
Ѿܽ־챳ˣմдһ֣ǡ֮ԱơġˡҲ򵥣ҲһƲһ࣬СЦҲдģ
ֻһʺǸҪôϿʱ˯ҪôƤɧС
С˫֦ƺɳд֣ȴûһдԹ
ҪôһƲһֵдˡˡҪôüд˸XҪôƲѹϣд˸롱úֱ̡
ƽʱУǸ˰ƢõﳤҲ
üдãͷдһٱ飡
Сһʱɥһٱ飬ôдꡣ
ޱ飺һٱддٱ顣
СɳǰһƣҲҪдˣ
ĪҪԡ
䣬ֻСڵվӳһֻѷѣһ߸߸߾һƹˤؿ˵𶯣Ҿǲдˣѧһ㶼棡ھͷãҳȥ棡ȻҾͰѧըˣ
ȫȻ
Сʲôŭ
͸ðСһ룬ֻҪķԱߵһ磬ŷѾͻѸٱը
ЩСĺܳѧãеĺ˷ܵؽͷӶһĽر鿴С·ڿһԼŴҵӢۣ뿴᲻İѧըˡ
ŵ㣬ȰǷѷ£
ҳȥ棡
ȷ£
ȷҳȥ棡

˽֮ʱȻСһգķѲˣתһԭǿŷѡ
ùѣַŵͱҧһڣ߳ԱüСݵòҸѣ͸вӣ
ȫٴλȻ
飡㻹ҷѣ
СצҪ˹ȥƴһ룬ͱסˡ
ûֹ
û̹ôƤѧƤֱ
Сǰһڿڵذķѳˡ
ţҶСһʱסʵϸ֪ѷôΣյĶͳһɼ󣬷ʯըɽ֭ٷŵʶһôС׵õ
С첻֪ѧϰ֪ˣаŻУ÷ըѧá
ɼΡ
˶סСذһġ
С໿޺УĽĿʱתƳ顣
ۣһ۾ͿǼٵˣĶÿ죬Ƕûôô˲ѷѶġ
Ա֮£øٷѶСһĶȡ
ǰܳѧõĺǱܱߺСҪըѧǶЦȤҵСӻУըѧãԺɲˡǷź󵱼ѧøȥ˽ԼҶӣֱֻܸɵó
ǿȱѧʱһҪѧըˣǿⲻ𰡡
㳤㰡ըѧãȸըˣߣһؼң
СôһһҵŶ䣬һ·˼ңصңⲻ˳һЬ⣬ڽС춯صĿ޺
СҪըѧõ£ΪЦ̸ǵ֮ѧʱͷ̧
µ
ⱬѷȻڱը֮󣬾ͻΪһѷѽըʱĳȴСȫ԰ըҩ
˽»δըɷѽķһһҶʵѷĲֿڣԺԱʱ֮衣

ɽͷҹˮ
һʯͷϣŶȣҹƵԲ£˸ĹǷ
ǳô˵ɢⶼʲôʱˣ⼸ô£
Աߣͷëʲô¶˰ɡ
ʲô¶˱ү˯Ͳ¶ˣ
üͷˬ
󡭡
ʲô
˶䣬תͷԶİϯضԴؿڴ쿴ˡ
ܣ͵ʲô
תֻҰ׵¹֮£ǲѪ֭Һѩ׵ƤëϷۣһЦ¶ż
ѽ
õŵ룬ӦʲôܾСࣺԸѽҪЦô˺òã
ܵЦݣίյز˲ǡ
⼸һϾȥߣҲ֪æʲô
øɻʯͷϣԹԵ˵
ͣëĶ˵ϴȥ̽ͱ￴ˡʵ죬Ҳ֪ΪʶؾĶӣָоݲ
žС͵͵˺ɰ㱻ץ˵ĸо
֪ϳû̾˿
в̫Уֻ֪Ϊ˾ˣܵҪĹ
ÿ峿Ͱǰ鶼ɵ¿һ˺ûС
ʱ򻹻죬Ȼ󲿷ֶߴߴ˵ɽϺ޼䷢Ȥ£زš
ϲ˵¶һľͷ˵һ죬һϸľͷ
͸βҲһʱ죬峿ëһβȻˡ
ԴӰ鿪ǣΪβܹȻأԱС뵽ƺϲԼβɵ֧ѾβҲǷţֲ³ȥ͸
ҪԼõëˣ᲻ء
ˣˣүȥ˯ˣ
ֵһӣʵе㲻ͷˣƵµʯͷ֣ߣߣֻǸӣ´Ҳˣ
䣬ҪʯͷʱĶȻָס
öʱĽա
ߴһӵһ˿ϷʵĵЦ˭˵Ҳˣ


55 
һʱǰ, 齭
ƾնͷǶããĽˮ
żмβСԾ, ӳ¹ɫ, βڿа˸뽭ʧ
ҹĲ齭Ǳƽࡣ
, ûзжɽĴֻ
ûд, ޱ㲻
ҹ޷磬˾, һһ졣
Ѿϣ, һ򣬳ǰȥ
ʱ, ھǰ֮, һҾ޴̴ٺСҴ;Ǵеľް, ʮɳʮɿǼװϵĴվ㡣
˹ģķҪˮֲ𺽣عǧ֣Ǵêǧ֮ءҷں, Ҳѵһľͱ
֧Φ˸߸ʮŴϻŽɫͼ, β紵ù͡͵Ĵһ, ƿƽĽ, ڴβİɫ˻
װ, ˮæ, еڰ, еڲΦˣеֳ֡ǧ۲ԶĶ
ڴյĶ㣬ǣֳվڲ˴һǣǰ壬һẓ́ңԶǶָǳĸ߶ȣԴжǰƫ롰·
ȷз󣬳ҽǣǰ𣬴˴ε̶ͳ췶Ԫ˹ﻹͷָ˳һ
ڴϣԺֻܽЩˡ
ԪǴ˴̶ӵĸˣǽ̻ĸ᳤ûʲôӣԺȸԱһӲοҡ
ҴСǳⳤġһ벻ؽӹҧһڡ
ںٶȣӦִܵ԰ɡԪԶĽ
ࡣҾ׽ͷ̲סʵϴǸŮʿܻȫ𣿲齭ɳ˲ٵ£ܾͷ̤ʵʲôҪ
Ԫβ֪ΣգҲʵû취ˣžԿУðһ
̻ǵ̻йģ̵Զ̻֮һˮ½ԣڸĺ򾭳ܿǽʶĵ̴
齭Ҳͳ̵ΪؼһͨԭѩǣֱͨɲؼӶ½
ԴӲ齭󣬷Ԫ˿û̵ˣĻѹﷷȥز̻˺ôһʽȥ᳤λñסµԱҲˡ
ҪǸˣڵͷȥü
Ԫ򴽲ֲһ䡣
Ԫ˵ʵɲ⣬Ȼܻһ·ƽ
Ȼһ䣬ͱɢڷУƺôг
Ԫ̾˹ģı̻Ҳֻʮң⣬Ǵһǧ˵ҪֵĻʹֻǱס̻ʧ޷
Ҳûеڶ·ˡ
ˣš
ҺͷԪԼͬؿ򴬲յĳһ
Ű볨Ĵܿǿ̸۵λŮʿ£רעÿ̵һľԲϿ̻ʲô
ʱиԱôյţȥ˷ˡ
߲ߵĶģ⴬϶ĴˣʳȻҲǾЩĸͷһһС࣬һƵ÷ɲˣһöпѼذڷ
ŮʿѼÿӼ飬÷ɲһͷĿ׶һ߳żͷһߺࡣ
ͦԡ
е۵ؿɰͰ͵ͷ
ʿƶûԷ㣬һͷҸճһͷĹѾĸͷȫˡ
ʿղͷĴԱѿ˵ٰ̻ͣĸͷ
ԱһȵؿǰĿֱ̣ʿǰƣŻιæػȥȡͷˡ
ϴλʿθڻͦõġ
ԪεЦЦܳǸ
ʵùڼӣϵĵ۶ϴķˣԳԴöȺ׷ۼʩչҲΪǸƭӡ
ߵĶȻȷҪǿ˴ȤʳĶԻƤȨû
û취
һɢޣûźͼͷеȫȥ̵ĲˣڳʳȷʵеԼδ޳ǰȫٹȣһȥԶ²
ҪǷԪӦ԰סƱҲ˻
һͷ󣬸ͳϸ˲̵֣ϲʡ
ȼǵĵƻ޴󷫴⿪Ľϣҹеөۡ
úͷȽķײУٶԶȴеҪ졣ֻʣ֮ʱԶϵС㣬ǲ˲۾Լۻ̶ɵۡ
ǸСòҴɣ
ٶӭȥ
žСֱܱϳʹ
ϲüң򲻸˰ô죬һҴˣ
ٶȲУǸóСֱ˼ʱ鷢һ˿Ծ
ںҹеãִڸߴԽʮڵľ۵ס
ڷһ෽Ľˮ֮£һž޴ӰҲҷȥӰϢٶּ죬һǱڰİɱߣ֪ؽӽԼĿꡣ
ĸвȼټС
˿̣ϵǻԽӽӰ
ûҹֻܹ۲⵽֮״ڽ·һ֪
Ԫڸ죬ǰѿ̺õ뻳У׼óһֵʱϵĶȻסˡ
̧ͷӴ⿴ȥԪͳһΪڿǣæɫ⣬ȴüͷԭԽǿĽ档
ɡ
װµ޲ձһ
дԱҴҵع㱨ϴ󣬲֪ô£ͻȻʼײţƺӴ
󸱻̻ѱѾãѾ飬Ե޹ʵرѵʲôҪ
ԪתڵĴգԵľԿտҲѾˣѰңѾվ²ļװϡ
һֻԲԲ̣վԭأƺڵȴʲô
Ѿٶᵽ޵飬ļ١
Ӱٶ䲻ֵλþ봬ֻ黹ʣһ·ʱӰѾֻıԵˡ
أ
Ԥ׵أǰ߱һˣһαǵķҪһȦȻԾ棬һ̶Ľˮкı꣬¶ڼװϵˮȫ˸͸
ľ˳Ҳ˰֮Զڴ̣ƽѣһĴֻͱƷˡ
װϵҲûкõȥץ˲û˦ɳȥЩڼװϹȦײΦϲͣÿ˶ʪ͸Ǳ
סΣͻϮǵȻţƵ˶Դִ׳ľβͭ۾ڶصǷ·ڿһʵ⡣
Ȼһͷޡ
ʶķԪһӾ˳
ڽ׵ܶ汾˵һͷ㣬˵Ŀªˣȫǵ;˵û˼ӣȻԪô뵽׵ֻޡ
޵ǳʮѺãƽռˮ˻ὫͻشϣƽˮΪʳⶼԡ
һͷϮ̴̳ޣֱδš
ҡβ̴ſ޿ڣ¶ź˵ݺݳ̴βȥͼԴͬȫſʱܸǴֻ֮һҪڣҾ̴ͻᱻеʣ
βϵŵƨƴͷܡ
亹죬ڷϴô찡Ҿ˵̵߲ˣܸ̻ȥˣ
ԪװǸɵʿȥˣ취
𳳡
ǵ˫־̵ֻ̣һСâİƺ͹̱âֱâʢ
̴ȥ鿴ſԨ޿ڣ̴Ϸٳû¡
Ϊʲôԥˣ
ԣĹƺʲôˡ
ҧʲôֺûҧ
Ҳ֣ͬʱҲŭˣıǿһһγԵӲǵĺӣʹȫҲҪúɿڵӲҧ飬һرպս
𽥴ƴѵ죬Ϯ̴ҲԳԭ͡
һ͸Բӣ̴棬ʱ޿ŵҧѾ͸ҧ˿˿ɫƣ˿ӡ
ǿѾѺ۵̣ºǾȡ
Ϊܶ⽭׵󲻹ǸޣӦӦûɶ⣬ֱ֪Ӹһ̡
Ҳ˲ˣͳһȫµķ̣ע伤
ۿžҪӲĶ飬ȴȻӲָֻǰļ̣ʤ֣һͷУͳøˣٶȰȥ
Ǵʱаûڲ֪Ͱķɽһޣʲôһ̣ñԣļͥѩϼ˪⵹ù˭˵ȥ
֨֨Ŀҧᡣ
üŻķޣһٿеڶô
ʲôתעĻڶҲǳ¡
鿴ǴΧ˿͸֣Ӧ⴬ϾʿôǸޡ
ڶʱڲ˼̵ķ󣬿ʿʵףԼʱ䡭
ۿŵڶ̾Ҫ޸֮ʱȻƮһʮĴȡ
ƣ


56 
̴Ͽ, һƣ
Ϥ֣޵һ, ɿеķ, Ťͷڶ۾ˡ
ʮһ, ޵Ŀ, Ҳ˴ǵע
ǿҹƯǵӰŵͷ
˵ĽûзҲû, ȴƾշСǸɣ
Լʲô, Ȼ˼Ĳ齭һֻȻڵ, һɣ
ǵһοɰ
ǲԾס˺, ֻӰʯ, ûܰ⻭¼
ֻ»֮£һü续ŮƶУǳɫĳɫɴȹҡҷƮȻɺס
ŮȻʩ, λװһ, ɲ˺ʤѩ, , ˫۾ˮӯӯ, һ۱ܼס
˿ü΢, Щŭ, ƽ˼ʻԵ׺͡

ϵҲɵˣӴʱǵոŭ˵һơ޵ô޾ʶģ
ʱûȥܴϵˣĿһ˲˲ضšʱڶβϹһ״ƺƵĺߣǽֻܵû
ƺ޵һ˿ǣİ۾¶ЩȻĨܿͱ¡šŭָӵȡ
˶ԴٶȱġĽѼӣ̶
ֱܷȻֵߣʹЩԱ಻ͬܵһвǰ顰Сġ֪ô£֮ǰĶҪѿУһʱû취һʵǿĹϿ˾֮С
޵ƺЩԣȴס죬Ǳûúýһ֪ǰ˼һ֮£Ȼֱˡ
ϵ˱ˮٶȱ˸͸
Ѱôգߣ´Ͳ֪Ǻˣ˺Ľˮ֮С
޺ӷ׷뽭ˮʧ
ϵ˾һûеľ飬ʪ͸ɫ԰ף˫ֱ
ôӴײеޣʵ̫ˣ
ųǣһ˦βƾܰǵ̴ķ
޵ȥ˽С˺һԪȷѳȥæˮǸλΦ﷫ǰС
̴ͬʱԪ飬˼װϽЩˮ⣬Щܾ⣬ȫȻ
ǰʹ˰ȷѳɹѣ˽ٺʵУ׷׸п߶˴δѲк󸣡
ѻص˴ڼ鷽ѵǿ̣Щֻۣһǣһܼá
Ԫ߹سֵл˷Ųȣʹҵȵ֮ڡ
ǰڰ֣ҲǾԼط̵Ѻֻۣǿϧⱦ̱̣ˡ
ԪǰӦ˵ǰƽ֮⣬ٸʮҷĳ˽˳л
һʿϷ˵ңֻʯȻǸϴɢޣٲúͷ˴򽻵ϡʹǿоз˵Ҳ¡
ôŰɣǮ֮ҸĳҲļƽ֮ˣ뵽ʲôȻɫ˼֣˵ģǶҪúллųֵλӲǣʱҲŲ̫á
Ҳ֪ͷǳʲôģôãķ󣬾͸ĺƵġϱ̶ɱ󣬷ͱһ飬Ҷոڴֶһ飬Ȼ˷Ҫˡ
ǰϧѰ֪֮껹ܷټλӡԪп˵
ǰ̵ѵ֪λӵ
ԪʱЦ̶꣬ҲֻǸˣôʶء
ǲ²⣺ӷ·ڻ޵֣ĪǴ˴Ľ񣿡
Ӧòǡ
Ԫҡͷǽ˷˵ڣ˴ҪôǲأҪôڱչ֮࣬޷ܽޡ
ûпǸɽ񣿡
Ԫ£ɽɽͷǹľɽˣ裬̶ǰףĴ˵ǵɽǸ׷ĺɣӦòǴǵӡ
ȻǵĻ·㵽뵽ʲô˹ľɽ⣬иСɽǻƧ̶ǰ;ʱ䶼ûУֻԶԶؿɽɽҲɽġ
Сɽ
˼°ͣǴоСɽ𣿡
ԭǲģǴȥѩȻһ·£ŽߣҲ˳·
ǾСɽͣƬ̡˵
ҪСɽ´
ǵͷ֮ʿǷСɽɽһ˳Ϊ֮ôҲȥɽС
ԪҲǣɽʩԮ־˵ҲҪȥһЩƷǡ
ǣѩǵĻֵ󲻵ãѩǵزѩǶȱʣҲǴ׼ҪƷ֮һ
Ԫ¾ѩ꽻׺پСɽʱʱһЯƷȥɽݡ

ˮ̹ǣ鸦һ½ȥݷɣָպײһȺŵҴܵȺ㶪Ұ
ҶӴΪ谮ĳƽչҲɽ亣ζһķʱ졣Ⱥɢȥһ۾˶ıӰ
ˮ٣Զٶȣβÿȶ£αǰһܣˮֳΪǰ
¶ߵٲ࣬磬ýߵ֮档ʮ½ߣ׷޵ơ
úƵΪܲѰԭΪʲô⣬ܵ˴̼䣬Ƕʧ˼䣬ŻС˵ľٶ
ڿǼǵԼֵģұǣȻҲһ֣תܡ
ˣΪʲôҪǣϻؼأ
һ׷ϣһߴ
ƣĪ£û㡣
ӺСģǶܵ㡭
Ҳ֪㾭ʲô֪˲㱾⣬ýڻδȥϴϴϷϷȻܶһʱܶһȰһ䣬ຣģͷǰ
NNĹȰĶϣֻԴҪըѿˣŤͷŭһ
㲻Ҫ׷ˣǲȥģ
˵գҧأӿٶ׵ȥ
ΪڿϻӦԼģ̶ͷһ
Լ
ǵƺᵽһͷޣΪδʱŮ
޻ֻһλԼǻлǻŮһ㶼ΥԼԭʼԱҲˡ
ˣ׷ȥ˵
㲻һȥܵøҸɰɣ
ûɣˣ
ȷˣŮ
ѵӣĽΪ仯Ůˡ
Ħ°ͣһԹϵľɣĪС˵ĸѣŲˣ
ȻҲô޺Ŀ֮ô˵ҲŪĸ鰡Ͳ˵ˣôþۺɢô£
ƨޱŭ
ܽ˼ŭͣ£һҲãŭŭȴûͣ˼ֻͷΡ
֪ѾεˣǰǴƬʯ̲ʯķ϶ι״ɺȺ
ټʱҲΪܵʱʱԱߵĽʯɺ׼ᣬųޣββȥһؽסβļˡ
ް֮ӴСľϵ飬ֹֻǰУ߼һδͣǰȥ
ʲôԼβ˩һ𣬾β˦ණǵ޸ˣӴβҡڵķȣͼ˦ɳȥ
ץűޱ鱻εͷĿѣȫƿز˷򣬻㱻˦һ齸ʯʱת壬ڼײǽʯ֮ǰúȵŽˡ
Σ¡
ǰת
ͷˮɢϵЬҲ֮в֪εȥˡ
۾ͬ㣬Ĭ
ͨޣʱѾ㶾+ɱһϣȶβ˵
˺֮һҵʱҲû񽻴
ܸܲ˵ĳһˣβȱһ룬ǳźߵǿβûˣҲýкˣĽհɡ
ơ
ֻ½ᵱȥҲ˻¡
ô˦ȥҲеԲ
˼ţοȥӦòɣ
Ȼδ뷨ʵ޵Լͣ
ڹǰ˦һأڵ֮ʱʱѹһɲסΡ
޵һһݴıǿðܿ˿Ѿƣ۷굽ˡ
Ҳ޽ӣһγҲǺˣƺţĲ鶯űٶȱҲǿ
ˣʵǲˡ
ܲܲҪ£һزȥʲôϵ
һҪĲʺʱʹԴϣҪĪ֣еŮ̸С
Ѿ쵽ıԵˡ
Ǹûɶϵǹ⽭ϵĴ̴ֻҵؽŽҪıչģܶҵ·ɡ
ģԺ󲻻ٹֻˣʹ֫סԼԴЩԹشҳԱһΣܰˣ֣
ز˭


57 
㲻Ҫˡ
޷, 
ȺӵȺǶߣۼڿ޺ߣƺҲɻ, Ϊʲôͷаؿһࡣ
, ĶвǸĶأ
˵ҵǶټ
ⲻܷ뿪
޲ٺԭЪ֮, һ˦
ú, Ҳˡ
ҲƵ̫ԼϱĽŶҧһ, ˭֪˻ʲô
鱾תƻ, ˵Щж·ֻȻİ, ͻȻֿƵĴ졣
ŵʱͬһͺڶ, ܿĺ, Щֺݺ˦˦Դƺ˭ſһرס
ԳԡӺС˵ѡ
Բ𡭡Ҳǹʧֵġȥұʳ
黹ΪںԼ˵
޵Ƭ, Ƹ֪ʲôӦʱ׻, ڵͬѵĲ˶ɸս
Ҫ, Ҫ˵õ, 㲻ܡ

޷ļ, ýˮΪ֮, ԼΪ, ҵչȥ
ҵĽ÷ԲʮĽ׷׳ӣϺͽʯ춴ѨУӰͷرסľзҹԼķ·ˡ
޵֫סԴϰ;β۵ʮȵļнǣһ߼Уһ߲סתţһҧס㡣
󾪣æεǰôˣ
ҪˡȾҡ
˵ʹһͲɳϹȥˮ˽ɳγ˵УȺɳ
ϵӣѩԽԽ󣬴齭Ľ濪ʼˡ
׸һƬң޼µɳһӣĿ֮ȫǵصɳͬһֻǿΡ
С
üͷ΢ʱϵͳʾע
ϵͳѻΡ
ϵͳɽ񼼡ͬġ֮ѡ
ȻѾˣ
龪ϲ⣬æȥ鿴õ
ǰһƬеĵ˽ʧȥж֫ԣݻԵ״̬
֮ѣԣｫΪѷΪ¡ں޲طøУ
Ŀڼܡϲĵ⻯λÿ̫ʱˣ
Ŵҵ޵ͷļһĵطƳγεĽˮʱתİӨɫ·һŴ̵ī˽ˮ֮С
ƽʱβҪʱ滻ͬʱҲȵˮ֮ʱͺ˲ˮȥʱ֮һ͵ĶˮҲر˴
ھʹеҲֱ治ȵһСڽˮζƽʱʲôͬȫ־ϵĳһ̹ǵʹ㣬ǲ˶
ŰԶ޵ڼЧط֣֪ΪΣϵǴûôˣͬʱҲóٻҲ
Ҫ
޵ŵˮôˡĿ
鿴ˮоƯڰޣһ㰲ˡ
齭֮ԼһС鶾齭ʲô̬Σο󲿷ֵĶˮ޸ȥˡ
鲢δƿеǸʲôǷûͷûβĥܵʲô̼˾ϵ⡣
ǰѺشȥϵͳһһֻŵ޴ѺֱװȥǾˡ
ﻹйؼһȷûˣɳײ˲ɳĽʯҲ֪ûײϸһ޵塣
飬ûзִ쳣ıϱʯϸ΢ĹκۣƤ񣬵ûѪǵƤЩ𣬲˺ۿѾжʱˣǿҧЩľͷĴֻڱֻԲݵ˵Ҳ˲ٵĸ
ĸβ͵Ĳ֣һƬĶ쾱ٺ鲢û̫⣬ﱻٺǺܳ£ñȺĿǣͷ͸ͻٺ
޵һȦпǺô󰡣ӴĳĹֵжء
ϵͳϢѸ£ҵ˽ĳơ
Ƶ״ڰʱڣûд֢ᣬƽ
ھȣż޴ãΪ㣬ԭѾ˹
ǣոѾͷβ˱飬ûз쳣Ҫ˵һܾһƬٺˡ
鸴λ޵ĸλãƬٺһֻٺĴ󣬼̵ĴСλҲ֡
޵ġʽƾ㣬Ϊ˼Ӿʱƽʱֳ-ظǻȻֻٺλȫֳ/ٵĿ׶ˡ
ֻٺʹ⣬һڶ쾱ٺкۣܲϸȥֻٺӵĹ⻬ͨٺǿӿݣѾȥǡ
ֻٺǶ쾱ٺ
ϵͳʾشʡ
ūٺһˮޡûսóơΪʵСϲľʵǿϣֻľѰҵȸ֮ϣ֧״ϸڣ֣˼룬ں󣬻ѡ
ڱūٺ󣬻ᱻ𽥸ıԱڼūٺĲڣᱻմ֣ȵūٺɹ뿪һҲʧȥ׸ɴԡ
鿴ϵͳܣԼ۶ܵ˳
ʲôޣܸǿƱԵģ
Ҳ̫ȱ˰ɣ
ľ˵ססɣ˼Ұѣ˺ԼҲǿ
һȫΪҲԸؼˡ
ȱϣôϱͣԼͻȻûҪ˴-ӡ

ͬ޵ʱٻĪĶԻǾ䡰ˡӦþ˵ֻūٺҪˡ
ϵͳҲ˰ʱʱޣʱһƽҲǲζţֻҪڼūٺ֮ǰͺƷ룬ƾͻоȣ
ʱūٺҴһһڣڹδų
Ϊ˶ãڵĶƺͬʱҲūٺˣӶӻĲٶȣΪȡЩʱ䡣
̴ӿռͳͼֻūٺ޵˿Ȼհѽлūٺ֮ķ϶һ£޾ͷʹʡ
Ťͷȥ۾
Ȼûȥ
޵ɫӣоӦʲôԼٳǷʹ࣬ȡܸ֮߳С
Ҫ׷ˣѾҵѪⳤһ𣬳Լ뿪Ȼ˭Ū
ô֪
ŪޣֱסūٺıԵʹ˵Σٺ˿´ʱūٺڵ״̬ضˮĸһԲԲԴ¶⣬ϸ򳤽޵ڡ
ȷʵѸ㡭
ūٺʱȫעĲѣûȥǣƾڽˮУԼȥʱ˼άǰδе
֪ȼūٺѣԼҲԶˣ»һһҲ޷ԼԵʵˡ
ûΪ̰棬ȥƬ֣ڻһֻǵޣŸС˶͵ӡ
ȻµٰûҲͽ͡
޴˿ең׷һ·ɣ֮ߣܰԾԡ
Ժܲ鷳С˴һ仰
һ˼žֻ
ʱͷشϣܣҪˣҾͻȥϱ˵㲻ȣ𣬺ͱ̶Ըϣҹ·ˡ

ӲԱض
ô

СɽԵɽ
÷ŭشǰż㣬ӡ
¡ڷ԰׵ƤԱ٣źɽµЩ񶼲̫ͬ
Ȼܵɢ亮ϢһӾϳ˭ˡ
ߣſң˲𰡣ָøƵģ䣡
ǡ
һɣʮûӵĽ½
Ȧϡ켰ķβȥ°֮£޶µ˫ȡ
Ļγɹú񰡣βҲˣֱһģһ
ҲܱӶ˶ΧתһȦȻģ䣬ϢǰϢһ㶼û
ܣأأ
̫ˣܵżͷƨɣȡ໹࣡
úᣬ˵
ĳಢûҲ֪ԼΣ޵ķӦƺȻҲûʲôˡ
໹û̫ӦķʽɤŵƣǷʲô
ո˵齭ܣҲ֪æЩʲô
Ļ䣬ڳ޶ؿ۲齭ķ
ɽûСɽʣֻܿĽߡ
̧ԶŽҹ齭ķƺش󡣡
ǻࣺܶﲻʲô°ɡ
һûûΣˣƬƨأ˲齭񣬻˭ܴù
תͷһĨȻԶȥıӰ
ȥﰡ𣿡
ˣʲôض˯¡
ùǷ죬صͽʲô̫Ӷ飬Ҳȥ˯ˣ⼸ߵҶˣΪһ㳤ҲûС
һ²ۣһɽȥǷˣٶԽԽûоȥ˯
ҲŻɽȥˡ
ԻõĻ÷һֻĬĬ˵ɽͷȥϰſط


ޱ죬ȷҿˣȴƵؿ˳տˮ
޸µˮͱˮߣ˶ٵᣬ޵ø޼ɵ
ԼȥޣΪҲСˡӺͽ˶ѹ
Сˡ
ԽԽöԲ𽥴͵ؿޣݱ˺ޡ
˼ôճ˵ļūٺȥòУŶתͷѵʱ޵ٶΪ޺ϴ󣬷·һĵĶڣһЩ޹·ССϺ˽ȥһᣬԼ˳
·ܵԽڣūٺĴնϵĻ
޿޵Ϊļūٺ˴ֶ飬޺һͨƣۡ
ȴһֱΧ鲻ˡ
أЩ㷵ʡ
ѵǸ޵̫ô뿪ô
޴ƤҪһ˹¶ҵȥˡ
Ķ
ͻȻһ΢Ӧ
޾֮£ϸϸ֪ȷʵǴĶﴫġ
ҵĶ
˵
޵ʳﻬУһͻǻ񣬾ڶ޹ģ
Ŷ
ӦǻûԼ֪뵽ʲô⣬Ķӣ㰲ֵز˵ˡ
ȻǶĲٿ£̳˲ٵ࣬ʶѵظܵлڣǵһΡ
Īظое㷢̲ס硣
Ӵĺܺʳԣһµ֮ǰ̽ĳͷ֯ѨҪĶѨͬǣ𤻬޷վסţֻ䡣
ȻоΧġұڡʼ΢زæ޺Ҳúʹ磡
Ӳر˻ȥ
Ҳ֪ԼΪʲôôĻڲ齭һĴڣ˽û˿
ҲΪΨһһΪ˵ܣֲϷ˰ɡ
ţūٺֵĻһٲ˻θȻūٺĴѾڣѷ֣ǱȽڵĴնϣȥٺ壬Ӧþܽ䳹װγˡ
ܿ˳ʳ޵θ
ȫֻ̱ĻЩʪ⣬Ҳܲжš޵θϵһƬС͵ĳˣʱʱƼѹΧθ䶯
θһ붼װŽˮǽڽˮеθܣ״ƺŨī⣬ͨɢŵɫĹâ·ڤ֮أʢһı˰
ʶ;ⶫ죬޵θô᳤еȥ
ӽˮץסһֻ޿ʱСıС㣬һ仨ĸֻǻϸܸ֪ζĺ֣һӾͲ׽С㣬ֽСȫ֮䣬СϵƤͱʳɾֻʣһǡ
ЩֻССϺзӦޱԵˮݣȫ޶ԡ
Ǹͷβʳ
ͬʱҲÿ䵭ĸѻһѻûüлມǣֻƬ߰ʳ
ϵͳūٺ֧ϸܵļˣղθ֡
Ȼ
Ǽūٺڵǲ֣һ·Ƥ⣬ִﵽθȻÿ仨ֻһθŷֻֻĴԶƤĴҪ׳ͺñȷʱβǿᡣ
Ϊôᣬ⳶ٺʱǣθЩᡱŻᵼ޻ǰʹࡣ
ٶȳԥسЩ俳ȥ
л˵
ūٺԴзū
зūĿժ磺
зūֻззūͨؽڵķ϶зڡֳ֦֮״ϸռз壬ЩϸܵҪþзڵӪʹ䷢зūӰзļطڣʹзĸ졢ѹƽзһֻз
۵ĸı⣬з߱зǾչԼѡзѺ󣬻ϰԵؽԼͷĴǯӽɢзҲ
ܾͺã汦ȥͼƬ


58 
ūٺֵֻĸ, һĻӦ䣬˲ʧȥ˵ɫĹâ
ūٺ޺ϡ٣ͬʱҲд̸֮ɫ䡣ĵľǶԼߵľ, αѪĴ, һϣͬճϵĹƤҩ, ô˦˦
ʵжǿ, һֻūٺҪ
߱ս, ȱ˼, Ĵܱ֤
ڽˮĻ䣬ͬʳֵһ, Ѹٵؿή
һɫ䱻ն, ȱֵĹ, ʱ˿޸ļūٺ壬Ƶʱøӻ
ƺʶ˶Ĵʲôæȥ޵Ժк
ס֣ȻˣҲ
ūٺڵͼ, ԣֻɢźŰʶͶ, ˲˼
޷ԺΪβس, ӦԼ, һҴ, 뿪, ֻǲСʧ, ΪηҪѡ
ūٺĬˣ飬
ɵʱˣԼΪβسŵ鵱Լʥ˾أǸۣǸƻĵļޡ
ƭİѹû뿪޵壬òҵôõġ/Сô뿪
ûңһҴ˶Ϊϣȫ㹻֧˳ѣƫƫʧ֣ȥֵ࣬˭֪ٴξܾüūٺʮջΪ˳ͷĲǰ
ѾǳˣԼͷ޶ĲˣѺĺһʱڻεϣǰĽѰµ
Ĵֻյθʣʳֲ㣬תʳ޵Ѫ⡣
ֻû뵽ǣǸȻ뵽Ȱγڷֵֻķʽԣٳ׽
ūٺŲѣ̸ֻС
޻Ӧ˵һҲҪøɾһ㡣
Ǵˡ
ūٺвƭ޲ɣ㿪ʼȨ
ÿΣūٺǿԸôʶռʹ࣬ڱᣬÿζͷѣ·磬ؿżūٺĴ
ūٺᳵ·ܿͰʶѹڽˮʵ˫ָֻۣǰնģȻūٺûüˣ޲֪Ϊȫԣ֫˿βͶ̧ܶġƻߡʲô
ūٺѸٵط˶޵ľƣڱ֤㹻ľ
齣䣬ذθеɫնɱɾͣشʳԭ·ء
ͳ㣬Ҫˡ
黰䣬޺ϵŴ죬һССӰ
һ̲ͣЪεūٺıǰֻðһԲ͵ļͷưɫ಻С׳ζ
ⶫûѡ
ūٺʹѹѵһóеһˣܺɢѣǼ޵վʹĿꡣ
һ˫ذϸָǱԵ˫ֿʹȴǧסǣһµذ
ūٺι̵޵ΪЩķֻ֣Щᶼն䣬ūٺµĴͬ·ϱ߽ϸߣһ鶯š
ֱūٺıһȭ֮࣬ͷȥڼūٺıɫĴ޵Ƥڣһʵ̫ʱ䣬ūٺֶ⼷ѡ
ı島˶ֻҪȲѣҲʹ
鿴һǲðͷƿǶѼͷƤ飬ֺҵޣɱһֻһֻôѵĻᡣ
ųޣոķ϶һڽڵزϼūٺı塣
ɱ

սĹǽڱްѼūٺǴѼѹѣɫ֭ҺڽˮСڼūٺ˲䣬ýֵһԣ֭ҺմԼϡ
ūٺڵĵ֣ͬʱҲ˵âɢ
䣬ոպһҵĳӽС
ɱޣūٺ
Ƶı״̬ѽ
ε޵ԴԱߣʣƣоΣ
޵֫شؿڴƤϣһţĵ˵ǲǿˡ
ĥԼļūٺһӽʱ¼ʹȻԼҲȥܱȸ-лֵ̫ˡ
ĪǶѾˣôأ
һ㶣գգۣ˵ֻҪҲ
ƭģΣûиô޵Ļš
Ϊʲôҵ廹Ƕˡ
ǶĶػûȥ鰲οû£ܿͻָˡ
Ϊ޿ٻָ֪һﰮˮݣǰȥˮݴУùո˴ˮݣһ͵ߡ
ſѴ죬ˮݱ룬ʮˮ¶ǣо𽥻ָ
ֱӣĶƤ۵ĲźϲĻˣ
㵽ôǶϵģ
״̬Щˣ̲ס׷ʡ
ҲҲȥӦȥȥһء
֣
š
޵ͷǱ꣬ҵһ£Ӱذβʹľͬ˵
СɽֵĴڣǱ޺δ֪Σգ齭ﶼȥΨҪȥ֡
һֱǵýṳ̂ƬأʵԽԽǿԺҲԽ档ǲ齭ΨֻĽᵤޣһֻСˣƬȫԺߣʲôطȥõء
һգް಻ס棬Ž֮ʱ͵͵ȥƬء
ֳɫˮݣЩˮֳܣһƬˮɭ֣ǵһμɫˮݣ̲סȥڣֿɬ³
ںһȦȷֻʵ׵ޣûһŵˣ޾úû˼㾶ֱؼˡ
죬øе㷢ͷһ˽֮һƬٺΪֻͨٺûе£ʱ򣬱ȥʯԲһ䡣
ֱһ޾طԼˡǸүǣΪʲôȻŮΪԼ˲ͬʱ־ú߳ܡ
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޾ô̫֣һδεʧȥʶУʶҲ˿ԣʧȥʶʱԽԽ̡
һΣǰ˹Լڽ׵һҳԣѰŴﻹδȥ࣬ǰһԵ
֮£ԺðһǸޣһסڵļ޿ͣҪȡθеֲܹֻܿʳʳȡζġ
ҪޱԼѰϵĴֻ̳࣬޲ͻ޵ѣĻ޾ͻԶظıԱ𣬱һԡ
ĪٺͻȻɤԼԼÿʧȥʶ󶼻ᱥܣĳ֣˴𰸡
һʼԸϼūٺΪɱ˹ߡĲҲͽͣūٺÿζǿпȥʳÿѪζޣɱˡ
޷ǳʹ࣬ҲѼūٺԼŪȻĴѾθһǿгȥԼθҲᱻ˺ѵǧٿס
ʳԽԽ󣬾ӺСˣСҵңЩģȰһؼҡ
˵˴İûں𣺡ҲǹҧС˵ģҲӣƴߡǶԺ˵ûԹ⣬볢һڡҵȻͬ⣬ռҵʶ
ѹʱС˵һֻţһֻŵСؿңҲֻĶӡ
ⱲҲûҪ˺Сˣ˺þá
ҲΪ£޺͸˼ūٺɱ뷨ūٺͬھΪסūٺǩһЭ顣
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Ϊūٺһı֤޲ŻĬо̵졣
޴ʱžԼ޴Ϊʲô˵Ļ
֮Է޺ޣΪƣԹթŰ
Ҳǻͷˡ
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ҴҴĶٶˣǺסСɽµĵһ
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ԭҪлЩƤˡ
⿪ϵĶҲòˣϽؼϴС˵ǸҲøظңʹ˷ֱˡ
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鿴˵ذ޵æȻÿһֻٺ䣬ҲĪضһ泩С
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ž͸ĳЩ˿뼷һġ
һ
ҡŻȻһµβϲصػؼȥˡ
鿴صٺһ
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ȫʪͷһƵشǰͷմżˮݡִָˮ˲ɣˮҲʧգۼͻָյĽྻˬ
ϵͳ񡰲齭ܡڽ󷢷š
齭ˡ
һҹľҲú档
һɽܵһ޵Ķһ˳˻ܶٺ
˵ȥ˭Ű
ϵͳ߶齭Σѽ̵ͨصһӭ˺罻̵ͨĻᡣ
ذؽɿͷӭռ̶ӡ
̶ӡӦþǰµ̴ˡ
ڵСɽҲ˲زͨǿһǮֽһ
Ž棬һ·Լҵɽͷء
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צ³һݣߴٰĹѾȲȥˡ
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ֱСѸǱؽףпתȥλӡ
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ʱתԼεعºᣬ˵ʲô˻ȥ
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59 
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ǰϵͳʾѻΣǰ, 㵭ɫ, ĵͫ΢İϡ
һģҲֻСɽޡ
ϳˡ
Ǳɿһ԰, ְİ, ߱ǸС۵, ͷȥ
ȻԷ, һֵıԹҲ˵
š˵ͷ
ķӦһޣΧŰתȦ, ǲ˼̽ͺ档
δش, סе޴, ׵Ĳ͸ɫ紵īסСôֱͦڽϣһ, ȡ
ɺѣһһҹ֮, һˣϸµϵԲ, Ľë, һûС
޵Ļ֮, ʵ档
, ϲ, СɽڶֻڵҮ
鸧ƣΪеˡ
뻯ڣ൱һȫµżܻΣϰ޵ķͬޣе֡
һǳˡ
ԳСɽһεޣûԳ廯κģԳܻҲȫԼΪ񣬸Ҳûɶϵ
Ȼ໯εḶ́ҵƤٵȪȹ̣һֱߵģ˿̿ģİ࣬һԼҵڳϢ˵ĸп
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һŵķɽ«ۣһҷܳǧˣһųʱõõֵϰ㣬òҲͺ«ҲǣԴ˶ˣٶ
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΢ؽӹеĳϺõıƳɣϹһѩ׽룬ںҹɢ˸˸⻪
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˼ôо໯󣬱õɵɵģֱӿ롭
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գԴز϶¸ʾ
һд齭ƽԴоͨҵߣǰ㣬Կʶһȡʡ
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ΣգһӣУֿѱҰ޽أн͡
[ͬʱһֵļԵͼط˺档]
дڽɿڣֻͣɿڵнΪ֮нȥﳤ
ŸʾԱߵĿյشȫµĽѱ޳Сݡ
½ʳӶࡱҪֲʮͨũԼֲֲͬ
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ѱ޳רҰ޺޵ĵطеĹĶ޳¶ģռܴרõʳۣԼѱ޵þߡ
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60 
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˶, ȥԣԼһѹһ, Ͷȥˡ
һ, һСӡ
Ϊ׵ӽտ, ƽֵ, ЩԵļɡҶ֪ļ߳, ׷һԡ
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ӣҲûܿϵͬ飬۸ڶƲˣ²ԽԽã˸ѣһŬͰ׷ˡ
տ˼һּ䣬û˵ʲô¶⸹̣мֱ£̫°Щ֪Ŷӵһ˻ܱԵö಻ɣ
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ǰһ֣Χ¹޼УҰ޸ƻˣΧдҰ޳û޺ޣû롣
ɽｫɽΣյ򶼱ʾ˳ֻҪ̤ķΧرûʲôΣա
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ĬĬ˹Ұóˡ
Դ˶֪ɽֻޣ飬ãܺͽԳϴδܣ໹ڱչأ񲢲֪еֻޣƽʱ¶棬ֻʱŻ
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ԼˮӳĹľԣֻһȻڱһСƬԵͷһ꣬ˮλȥһ硣
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ΪҰĿͷʵ̫Ŷϲȥž潫͵طʬ

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˷ŻΪÿ˷ֵʮ⣬մմϲٿһ˱ܶһͷľҰֵùʮͷˣ˱˰
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סϸĵһԵˮͰϴ£ӽøɾ󣬷Ż˼
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ںҰĶϻһһذƤ
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һŽ׵˹ĽˮУ׹ʯͷѸٵ³˽ס֮ǰþ޴㶹ĥɵĶۣ㵹ϽΧȺ
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վȺǰ棬û벶ʲôɿģһԺһͨɽͼҲһ
ĺǶ˷ܣһѧã͸ȥҪǵһ㡣ʱҴţҪһȥߡûˣʱᰶţܾԵ̫ȺǱո֡
˶ڵȴʱŴʱӦԶӽְɣĬĬشϵͳ壬ͣͶյ̽ȹȻ˱仯ţٶȻӡ
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׶©һЩδɵ磬ȫС۳Ĵ㡣ǵһμⳡ棬˷ܵػ
ԭסĴͬ壬ΧûнӣĺǱ˵ˣЩû
ǰ齭ޣ־η벽ҿ⽭ˮɽ﷢ƽ齭Ƕԣ̸֮ɫĿֲ֮أǿԴϺʵı֮
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飬Щһ
Щ㶼䣬ƷֲһеĴЩеСЩʱãֵԱĲһȦ
ʱᰲɷ˵ù㣬ͬʱԼĴ
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֪Ϊʲôܱܵؾ̲˺Լʱᰳʱ޷㶼δ㡣
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֪ܲҪʲô⸱Ŭӣʶغϵصͷ
Ȼ䣬һȡ
ʱԸԳֻë׵Բ䣬漴
ë޻ģQΪָʵ̫̫ʱûסºһ¡
ܵϸֳһʺţ
Ȼ
˰ɣȻ޴˵Ķ䣡
޴˿ӡ
ǣȵͬʱҲûֹ
ܵıǼʱֻа֮࣬ϣֱͦı¼Ӱӳһ㵭ɫëһ˲˲ԼƺĴĸеˣβЦγ͸ȱڻʱѩˮҪɾ
ںڵͫʽԲ
ʱܵԺͻȻһζԻ
̣ҪסЩܶԼ·Щȱٻ۸Ҫ޵Ϊ˴໥֣ศɣɴ
ǵڶޣΪ׵زۣ׵ΪҲһֱͣͲǰ
˵⻰ʱĻһ˿˸С
̣ԺҪһҪֱٰҵˡ
ʱİ¶ʣ֪ǲܵأ
⡭Ҳ˵ãֻԼоʱֻҪһۣ֪ǲˡ׵ʱôشġ
ܾٳûҵˣΪŬʱδ
ֱ졣
ףҺҵ˵Ǹˡ
ܸԴñǼ˲ʱᰵ°͡
ϵͳѩԭܶؾʱᰵĺøж+10+10+10+10
ϵͳѩԭܶĺøжѽڶ˳λ
飺
л˵
ʱ᰺Ͱӵͻ


61 
ñǼʱᰵģ, һֻѱСʱ᰼ܲųԼĴ־ϲ, ɿĶ, ȥԲԴ̵˳ë, ۾
Ĵ, ޼һһܣվԭһ±ơ
ʲôԼôžͱɵڶ˳λˣ
ٻϵͳ, طҵѩԭ, Լĺøж89㣬ʱᰵĺøжȴ˲ﵽ99㡣

صϵͳ, ƽߣƽʱҪɶɶ, ÿͻһë, ϲԷۣɣֲΧΪˢĺøжȡ
תۼ䣬ͱһռһСˡ
ܰ
ϾͲдšˣʱҲͬõİë, ֵߣë
ͺԹ۵ĵߡ
һѵϡ飬۲Ĳ, תҵķߡ
ûһᣬʱ᰸, 滹צõİܡ
, , ȵҡ
ʱ᰿첽ߵ, ֪Ϊ, оƺе㲻ˡ
Ůӵ˼Ѳ£ʱڼϸʧȥ׵ԵʣԶͬˣĸҲʱǸůĵСްǴ˿̣ʵڲ²Ϊ
Ҳߣߣ̫ãʱա
·ϡ۹ǣʱŷָƨɺİӡ
ףôң
ʱǸë޿أëĶ̲סȥߣһߣߣ֮˵Ҳ泩û뵽ܻʹԼ
һɲͣǰİܣʱ᰺Ȼ뵽ʲôݸ
Īǻ㣿ŵȥ԰ա
ܿǰ㣬ſˮҡҡͷأ
ʲôһؼң
ʱ᰺⣬°ͳ˼㲻ɽ˵ôܣɽ˲𣿡
Сؿ飬Ϊˣȥˡ
أ໰أ
ʱȻԭɽ˺æƽʱǷģȥ
鿴һһĵûȣƣôģ
ֻغУദôãͨͶ֡
ʱҲƣ˼ͦԵ𣿡
ֶ԰ӵҼҺҲûʲôرģŵף֯ﷻ﹤ؼǰҪ뿪ม
ӹԹԵͷֻˣһᡣ
ܸʱ᰻ؼȥˣԴҲûףԼӾôʱ᰸ˣɽݣǰס
صԺ䣬͸æ
˲ʪ֣ӹ㣬ЦеѽӲͣԺյĻģ
һ˵ԣת磬ҧָ˻ᣬ˵ģ
ãھͰɱˡ
տʼۣԺֱˡ
ȥԺţտһԼҰվſڣ۵
ͻģһỹС
տһ˵һ߰æϵԺźá
Եһˡ
Ⱦô֣͹һڳµˣֻö󰡡տ飬ʶһأöŶӵŻҰ⡣
տȥʶһ뿴ͷҰж
ʶһԱߣ䣬һҰⱻǼǡȡææң˸أ˸ǼǺãٸǰŶӻȡҰǰַȥ
ɵҰóԵĲλ羱⡢廨Ｙ⣬һȣǰ׼ԼųԣԲóͬǻȡʡ
ܵʶһʱһ۾Ϳǰڰ̨ϵľҰͷغɫƤëǣյ˫۷·úܰꡣ
ҰΣкҰǸͼޣŶţɫĳײӲ׾ٵذһôײϡ
ȻҰȴСúܣĵһӦǹתܣԣ鲢ûаûĵصע档
е㻳ɣǲǾˣͼ޶ɱõ
˼ٽ⣬󲿷ֶʶһ׼໻ۣﶼԣýҲʼˣ㡢Ϻз֮ĺҲԶһЩʣµĻ㶹ɻҴʱȡá
Ǽǵֶ̲ˣǻȡҰ¼һҳֱӳĵһЩ㶹ȫֶˡ
ǲϻҰ⣬յһϵͳʾ
ϵͳʳӶࡱȴ20%
üһ20%Ľ15%Ĺ͡
ֻӵնһļ϶ƳȺе飬ֻ
飬ã廨ؼȥʾϰŵǿɫƯ廨⣬ʲôģ˿С壬жʮأܱö
ͷܡ
ֻҪ⣬ٳҲö
ǣ·ǶһŮͯһһߵ廨⣬ܵ÷ɿ졣
Ⲩףʳķḻ̶ӭʷʫ۷塣
֭գҰ˺⣬㣬Źǡ
һϺõ廨Ұг״ĨϴκͷѽƣĻ͸ִ󣬽ƬϷۣǼװ֭ա˶ǼҳˣӦֻ֣˰ʱ͸㶨ȫ硣
Ұ׼ɻȣԡ
˵ƻʳҲشҽݸϻԷѵõһãΧԲǰãһӵʳһõİװֵͷ
뵱СɽǿǹһҰ˱Ҫһ˷ųԵļӣһӵĲȣлʳǰ붼ġ
˵һлɽĻ
ɽƽ˲齭ޣձ㲻ԣɽ￪ָԣҲԵ˷ľҰ
ÿɽ£Ѿ״򲻶Ĳǰǣ˶ڰصɽĲʺƨ
ԣҪʱ̽ɽĶ󡭡
ζǰ֭գ¿ˮ
ɤӣˣɣ
һ£ͬѵľżȿֺؾӡ
һͼ˿գҧһڡ
ԭΪôͷҰ⣬ܳϣȻԵУŷĵǶġ۶֭ķۣһȥ㣬ζһ򲻰̲ס˼顣
䣬һ㶼壬汻֭ݹҰˣʮ·
ǵҲܵ˴ҵһº
ⶼζȻ齭㣬ζۣһûУ֪ǱˣյĹ͡
ʵҪ˵⣬ȫԼȥץ￾ԣȻɹǣ־Ϊ˵ĳգﶼԲ
Ҳ֪ôǼѷĵϣʾӨɫĲյģǲɫζȫԽǰԹ˴Ĳ
һٷʢʳ¶ǣСƤеԼ壬ڷ⡣ȻҪôȥҪС椡

ҹԱϴЪϢֵɻʱ䡣
ɽͼҰģɽûУɽҲûУͷһתݺ̶ͻˮ̶е걳
ֻǰצ£ʹڰܱ·ɿشţ֮ٶˡ
Ťͷɻ󣺡أ
ôһ㶼ûо
ӣεǰҲܣҴˣˣ
øˮϣչ壬׼ܴ걳һֻצӻõƨ̽һꡣ
ܵʱͱһˮۣٶʱòˡ
ʱ͵̶ߵ飬ǡһ֣ס˱ɵĻá
ⱿܣǸҴ걳ıɱң
ôŭؽš
ء
ܺίôûʹ
걳ȷһߣǲӦøҽͽͰ췢£
̶£ԴԼȥԵĴ
ȻʵĲ
Ϊκʱ׽
⻰ʵеζԾӲ׬õĺøֵʱߣһͨе㲻ƽġ
أ
ҵ
ܳٶ۵طӦæ㵸ؽԭ
ϻò鲻Ըذŷ룬Ū˴š
˵ʱˣ
Ų˼飬ԭ޻֮ͨһپ٣һһΪͣͻһͬԶ޷ɴ
Ǻ֮䣬Ѵɾˣ޷ϵ
Ȼ
ڶ˳λǲ
ȻⲢʱᰵһμӡǰܷϮСǰͦǣһĻǡñʱ᰿תԱµӵˡ֮ŭϵ
֪ʱûϳʱްܾԶԶһֻ
Ȼ˵㣬¸ֲ壬ԸºԱΪΣʱᰣϻظҵһɱ˷۾ܿҲǸ¹֮ˡ
ò˵ʵйͬ㡣
Եʣʵ˵
ŪԭίС˲ͽ⿪ˣʱˣѰܵڹţøжҲܳġ
̶֮뵣̶ˮ¶ȱ˵»ҪůЩ黻ɴ£ȡľᣬµ̶ˮУһë
Ӿ̶ˮȥֻܵצſ̷ߵʯϣѾۣ˺࣬ͻȻƽһ
Ͱأһ߸ëһʡ


62 
Ͱأ
øˮ, ǰƮȻιȥϰˣСùˣҹ, һεĿ϶ˡ
ͦŬ, Ϊǽᵤڣ뻯ξֻһ֮ң໯֮, ޻Ǵھ顣
ǻﻥּ, ޻λʹɽҲ֮Խǿ
鿴˿ܺͻãΪʲôȥ
ɷµصҲʺִɱɱʽ, ֪ɶô, ҪճУȻ, ġ
İܴӼо, ˸Ƿأ
Ҫҵһ
һһ͵Ľڡ
ȵȡ
Ȼ뵽һ, ʱֻǺӣص㻹Ǹˣ֮·ķǧһǱصǾ츳
֪ʱûء
ʯͷܹûĳЩͻʯͷѡŵ, ϵͳ̳ɶУӦҲʯͷϵͳ̳Ƿ˷, Ȼҵˡ
ʯڼⷲǷ߱ʯĸ, , ʯӦ, , ʯ, ʾӦɫۼۣʮֵ

鿴˿ԼǧĬĬ̳塣
ίʰܣ̣ʱڿǸ˰һûѵҪһΪ𣿡
أأ
ܣܵ۹ⲻҵ˲ֻǷˣҽһɴ
ܶԼ۹Ųɡ
Ȼ˻̣ԼҲǸûСܰеʱһ𳤴
ʱҲëľָ£ˮ̶صðɣҲ۹⣬ʱᰵȷǸƷԲĺӣҲġ
䣬˸ѡ
ϵͳһλؾƺ˵壬ͻƵһ㣬񣺿š
˿ߣľ֡ȱؼķûʦ̵ͼʿͻƿһţؾṩõ
ʾһλԪӤλڳϣʮλڵӣܱϿΪһš
š壬ϵн
һʱסǰɣ쿪ˣ
´ɽͼһֱѾͷʱᰵļУҰһ·СԺʣţڴϵʱϡ
ʵظűӣȣ˯
û˵˯ģȻϵͳ˵Ǹ˲
ʱᰵĻǾֻǡ
ɽͼٶлСԺŽգȴŷ͸
û˯
һʱǰڴϣ׼˯֮ǰԺУǾһ
΢£̧֣սɿʵƣһôġ
۾һһ˲ĸоŵĺҹ׵ķΧ˾ڷ΢仯
ڲ֪طŴؿĶ޹ģϸ΢ˮƺѪҺ
һ㣬پһ㡭
ȻۣܵˡһůĵǻߣǹƺӵȥȻһεǹС
Ҫ֪Ʋȥֹˮ״̬²ܳɹ
ʱΪ̫۾ײذѸ֪ǹ˫ִʹ
⡭ѵЩɻ˵
Ȼɹ˸֪һѧôƺ
ʶ׽ǹӤ·һ㣬ĵյ֮ߡ
ⷽЩ츳ģֻΣͳɹǹ
ȻδϲǹȴͻȻĿƣֳϸСľߣ֫ٺ
˲䣬һյľʹ۵ʱҲʹͷƤ飬̲ס𣬵ĳ˯ļˣҧأֻǷһƺߡ
ǹǱѾõҰһͷţں·Ҵܣľϡ
Ӳǿš
һԤУֻҪͦ˾ͻ̥ǣ츲صĸı䡣
ʹೱˣ಻Ϊ˲ʹûʧȥʶֻܿȥ£תԼע
ЩϾԶ˿̻ȴ쳣
ʮǰĴͬ壬ͯʱڵңָɹʿǣˣЩ˭Ϊǻɣ
˵Ѿģشȴ쳣Щ˸ǲͬߣæŷȥնħš
һǰϮĴǵأԼڶǰȥ˷ݳǶܣſؿŷС
һڣҲҪǣҲҪǣôضЩнȥأˣֻ
ǰ󣬿صĻ̶ִ˰֪棬Ҳϸǵù
ײ֮£ֻþٴǨȴ·Ⱥ
Ѿǵ޵צΪðԶ˰̸ʹ
ţûиˣһǸҰçһعһ
񣬻ǰҲϣΪߵġ
һҪץסᣬҪǿ
һ죬ԭɽ㣬ֿͨض䷢಻֮£ҪȥȻİ񡭡
֪ʱȥ˶ãǹɿȫѨ忪󣬽ƽ
ʹҲ糱ˮȥȫƾһ֧ϴȫˮʪ񱻴ˮ̳һ㡣
㱵ۣԭΪȹһҹȻȼյĳ̶Ÿոչȥһʱ
ٶȼԼ壬Լľǹˢ£ؿһ࣬ǹ屻ȷɢȫ羲ʵСϪʮھƺѾ׵سΪһ֣ȡá
̧֣ǹġ
ΪǰǰԼƵȴδ뵽һر΢ЩĻ硰䡱شƾðʱһػ˻֣ǴػҲ֮ɢˡ
ɽͼеʱպÿðһĻ
ưˣȻ
գͷնɱĺҰʱڲ²ǲǾˣû뵽ôӡ֤Ĳ롣
ҿǸԵĻ
ҪͻƵڣʵôס
ŽеǾһڿ֮ǰҪǡǰԭ׵֮һأֱԭÿط༷֮ƣص൱ڰǰ˴ǵĲ裬ʹԶˣܳסˢƿѨ֮ʹ
δǵķˣʱֻʹˡ
ǸûоķķˣҲˡ
ȷصɽͼת˫̶ִԵ°ϸ۵ֱϣһݿ˼
벻С˸š
Ҳṩõκɣȫʿʽ費ǵԮ
дҪһϡʮӣҲ˵Ҫʮĸʿܿš
ңͳϻΪҪȥԪӤڵʿۡ
ţҲȷƻеĿ֮һ
˼䣬Ѱʿÿúõɽ£ӵź
ϾһɽͷֻһλɽҲûͷۣܵƵķ˰աźصĽײȼͳ˱׼ĽײǷˣвͨʿ߲͸ϣֻһɽ
ȶͻݱʿܷ֮£źͳϹʿ֮£ֻҪŸ߲ĹͺãڳʱȥԼˡ
˵ڱߵѩǣҴŶÿʯѻɽѩǵɽղǺȲ壬
СӹĲĽˮ
ͷſ̶ߣǿȥĶôʿĪԵɽĳУ֪˯ˡ
ϴϸ΢Ķ֮һŨĲ㡣
ۣ۵һƬɫۡ
һݺõ裬Ե̶ԣĶѾܵطᣬȴǰˡ
Ͱ鸦һͿˮ̶ŵޣ࣬˯㡣
һܻʣֻСȵ񱭣ĵˮ˹ˮ̶ԱߣǺȡ
鱾û˯ʵ˯ۣӣ˸Ƿǻˡ
ǳǳءšһС̡
ɵļͷߴߴغ˵Žյĵá
ҵĿط˺ö࣬Ѿһιεôˡ
Ѱܺͻ½ѣֻ޼ݺõķˮ׷ιצӱȡ
ǳ˰඼Ȳ裬ˮǸ׼ġܵˮΪƵģνͰˣֻצӱһཹཱུţ
һЦ㱨ΰ˵ȣһ豭˿裬ŨĵĲƢĵľȷڸжأһ
תͷ׼ѴߵĲ豭£ƳԱߵİһַϵһµµʱȹڰɢ

㱻ˮǺ
දסе£谡

ԭ͡
Ŷ
Ҳδʲôһ룬һɫȻ̶ˮǷ׷׾
ߣ㶯ܲС㣡ҵķˮϴˮˣ
ҵëҲʪ裬ͻȻԭʲô
أ
һԴˮİܣǾǣ
ɫεߣҪģ
̶ףϰԵβͼϲδȴȻվ
춼ˣҲݹɽˣǼ
˲䣬óϵɴ££ɢĳһڶ˵һ̶
ԶȥıӰɫͫ˼֣û˵
ߵĵж׼ȷظоԴκеˣǿž롣
ǰϲβۺÿһ㶬ů컹β˯ʱѾϰβȥʣñָϸ
ú׽
Ϊھ͡
ҧָü˼á
̶ˮԼĵӰ𪵽̬Ƥīɫĳü۵Į촽β΢΢ΪߵԽթ˵ʱܻԵüֲ⣬ÿ飬ǹǳǳЦʱԵøⵥ޺
ֱ治òŽ˼Ӳı飬յóһۣһ֮ˣˡ
ʶ󣬰ʱЩڣͲӦûΡ
Ի֮󣬰ûȥס߿ˣҹҹסɽÿ峿罽ˮɨԺҶάݵɾ
ǽļգûɽݣֱ֮Сɽİͣһ̴


63 
һ̴ϢؽӽСɽĽ
޽ɿһ󹤳, Ҫ죬̶̼գСɽĶɿͷֻǸոմûס
Ҳ㹻÷ԪԾ, ̼ǵϴƬ, һ˼ҶûУѿʼ޽ͷ, ǳ̲ƯƤĸ, ׹Ųв˾סڴˡ
Ԫľ㶿ڸǵ, Ϊǲͣ, Ͼôҵıûи㹻ͷ, ͣ൱ʱġ
ǱֱԵؿ, йȥɡ
԰, תԾ´ֻԪס
ʱԪ̧Сӣ򿪺ĽԪ
Ԫ֣ǴӦĳ͡
ͷֲñ꣬ͷǺ˶డһӹ, ԪսС
ٻᡣ
ǳһȻԾ뽭, ŽˮĸŽ̤˶С
Ԫ̴, ѩǵķʻȥˡ
ϰ, Ƕ˶΢ʪĵ½ǡ
, Ҫѷɽ޺ò, Ȼ̫ˡ
̧ң, ǰԶһڴ󱳿һɽɽϵһлŲ͵ӣδļڣСɽһڵҪôҪôҹѵһ˵Ĵɫ
ĵɽӦþǷԪ˵Сɽˡ
ᲽǴķȥͷ˻ףܶѻŲʯͷľģҲӡƳµĳӡһ·ȴһ˶û
Ҳǹ¡
ǰ˰ٲǿ˸ľƷдšԴ֡ſҲδ˿أ֪õԵʣǲ壬㾶ֱ˽ȥ
ԴΧƬȻũﳤϲˣéɾһԲ𷹵ĻƧ䣬һԴ䲻ȴ󶼳ǵķʢľ԰Ȥ
ߵ򣬼ҹſһѭȥһȺۼһͷַܶǷ·ھʲôڵ
˵ĴһС̨̨Ļϳһźд֣Դһ㶹ѡʽ
ٸ棬ȺУҲΧ
˵ĻУһλλѡֱԼֳľ޴㶹ǳʼٶıѶԸҸ˵һʾ޿ֻȼұǵԽԽãٶ˵֣ͳƹһ˼ҳа˾޴㶹
Ϊ˹ƽе㶹ֳ̨ÿһţǼǣе㶹ѡĹھ
ʮţ
ʮţʮʮ
ʮĺţŽ
ʮţʮ˽
ʮ˽ʱ̨µǶˣĿǰص㶹ˣĿǰĵڶĲ࣬ûиصģʮźʾǹھˡ
ǰŵʮŵĺһ⣬·ھѾ֮а㶹ģѾºʮˣ㶹ڶ㶹ǧѡһţضбص㶹ˡ
Ȼû˶ãʮţʮһ
һԵϼģ֣ҺйŮûʧ̬
㶹ѡֱߴ̨ǰҲ֪
㶹ʮ˽ΪԼ䶨ˣû뵽·תԼ㶹Ȼ
Ǹһ㵣ʲôƷֵ㶹һжʮͷøϵ˰ɣ
ĲһһûгġأԶʮĳɼѹȫ˱Ĺھ
˰佱Ļڣʵû뵽ھԼϱ佱ͬʱɽĲʺƨٵ㶹ĽƷɽṩԼνҶڸֵȳ㣬Ϊɽİ֮Ķƣ
̨һ׶
ǿĽƷʱ۾ֱˣĸ֥ƷȪ
ڶҲõƷȪİο
ɽȻóƷȥˣ
ƶƷȪδȹĸǣɽĺʵڵסˡ
˵һԴ򣬾ԼоеƺͨɽͷҪŨܶࡣ
⻹ֻɽ£ɽϵŨ
ɽﶯȪˣǲȱЩɴ˿ɼɽ˳ģ˫
ǻ𷶱ԪСɽĻ䶼ûСǻƧ
˭ô˵İ
ڷ񽱸ԣΧ۵˲٣ǲ䷢֣ԱһŮͯԿýζͲƽкˡ
С÷۵СԲҲǿɰ
ָ˴ŮͯС
С֪ɽô𣿡
Ťͷһ겻ʮĹЦؿԼ
ЩƾɵĵۣòЩŮ࣬üĿӢͷһ˿˽ľУľǹͺͺһӣƶûУ彣¾д֣ƶ
һͲԴˣ絹Ǹʿ
˭ѽΪʲôɽ
ɽңȥ㡣
£ȹҲֻϻ̴ˡȼǵҴϵȷиʵ׵ʿµķɹֵεϮ
ʱעȫ޵ϣδע⵽̴˵ģ
ԭҴϵް
ĵظָ·ɽɽԴǱߵɽȽϷ㡣
лָ·
޺ò·л󣬱ת뿪ˡ
ò˸ŵʿŽŵĴҵѰ˼ôҲð
˽Ʒ̨ﱧѩ׵ĸ֥һƷȪı֪ǵöۺ죬ϲģæؼȥˡ
Ÿߵɽʱ䣬Ѱ˸ȥ桱ͷŵ׿
ﶣЩҪĸ֥˳ء
֪˲ܵûӰӦɢڷ

һףɽС
Ƕɽ񣬵һ㣬漴ӻͳһ̣ڷڹƷϣΰݡ
лɽڲ齭־ңһɢޣõóֵİ֮ΨнƵ̷ΪƷɽҪ
ͬʱɽ֮ϵͳʾյһݹƷ÷̡
ǵĶ䶯˶Źֵسɽ󷽿ȥƺˡ
ȹڣӽóɴϣ߸֪ˣط˺úŪֻѾˣ󷽷߳
ǰ˼ҪҪǰ鿴ɽ߶ƺܲòֺ⵽˭͵
ţֻһŮӻ߳ʳڲ齭Ͽİӣæ񣺡ɽ
񡭡ܲϰ߶ǻ˵˵ϴȥ齭ΪץͷҵޣҲ˳Ϊ֮طϡ
ӵɤһʱסû뵽ɽûмӣȻ̸
ǴֱӰ¶˫ٵĿһʱ俨˿ǣҲЩ
ҷ˵һɢޣ˵ôδȥ鵹ǺȻغ̸
ȷˣһֱ޶ߵ˵
ɢ޶ۣҲʦĺӣͻȫԼԡΪƿͣԪӤںܶˣǱֻĴɽ󴨣ͼȥѰԼͻƻԵ
ЩΪصֻǣҵķɽǰ𻵣ķҲͷ޿ˣԡ룬ܷڴ˵ؽסգ޺̺ͷɽ뿪߶Ÿ¡
˳⣬̾Ƿ̣൱ıķɽˣʱҲ߲ԶСɽľ棬ʺ޲𻵵ķ
ǰɽͬС
Ȼԡ
ͲޣȻԼԵ̫ˣĪ󣬴ɸ˳ˮۡ
ٻϵͳĽ壬ڰɽǽһéݡʿϲŵסޣ⻨ֵéСݡ
鲻ɫϵͳݣԸǵɽ¾סĶǷˣڰɽ׼סСɽӲųãԸסñסãǡ
ܳлҹ߶ɽ񣬵ͬڴ˽סϺ󣬱˳
һߣϵɴȡ£ⶫϵϻƵġ
Լǰ£ָֻСԣƷϵ̣ǵߣؾǰ档
÷̣Ʒ̣ע/ʹã̺󣬿ڸָλһƬ÷еĵ˷ó
ͦʵõһ
ЧǰӺԭϽɻֻޱʲ࣬ǿ͵ķ
ƷʿԪӤ𣬸պ㵱Ҫ󡣲ѡŮ޵ƷԻ˽⣬ö࿼쿼С
һͽ
ܵеĿעŷְ಻֪ʲôʱϣԭ̬Լ
ࣿʲôʱģ
ţһֱڡ
óؾԼƬй⻬ƽʯأ˵ˣûз֡
鲻⣺ôԭˡ
㲻ϲһΡƶ˵
һĪ֪Ϊʲôóֽۡ
ͷ­ͫ˸ŸֵԴһΣͲ׽ˣҲݡҾˣԺٻΣ㲻Ҫҳˣòá
ίԴϥϣСɫ̵һʹ
ͬʱҲΪϸ˼е졣
ȷʵκ󣬱Щڴ֮ǰֻԶ޼Ļ飬Ҳֻǵޣദ˼ɡ
Ȼ޵޷ٰص޿ˣȻ԰ĸʼգδ
ʵû뵽ðᣬԱ뷨
˭˵ˣǰǸ˧СءְοԴĦŰĴǣ˵Ҳ׽ΪŮ֮޷Ҫñӡ
Ҳǿ⼸ΪҪμ㶹ȣΪѡ㶹Ѽ˵ȶȥ㶹ĴСҲȥæնÿС
⼸ճżʱ᰼ܵİܣֻ޶δ
̧ͷĺλƶǶǰΣﲢ
飬һıǰһºڷꡣ
ֻķϰ΢ڸе鿴Ӱɫֻܿ΢΢ա
ԣҪˣܻ㡭
΢ҵķ˿ƽջ֡
ֱӣĹȻţȻࡣ
㷽Ǹʿ˵
š
Ҳɽס
ڲˣɽҲû˼һסɽȥܶദʱ䡣
鲢֪뷨Űϲӻó֣޵ȷһԼסǲˡ
ð졣
鵱ͨϵͳڰɽҲһݣסϰߣⰴɽݲֽ죬պøĸھӡ
ܸ˺޶ദЩ˽ЩʣҲһ׮£Ͳֳյˡ
һ㣬ֲ̫࡭
ص뵽ɽºһֲ뱩¶Լ޵ݣһϡ
ϣ
ţһϲģǮ֣ʲôС
Ҳ룬ѿڶҪ顣
裿
°ͣ˼ǾͽΣ
Сʽͷϲ֡
л˵
Ϸֳľ޴ûӮNPCֻԲԲΣء
ŮʵСţֻȱٺó׽Լû



64 
˰, سɴ緵СԺ
˭֪澹ȻС꣬Ϊ¶ڣԺվ˻, ˵, ߽СԺ
̤ţŵһ˵ķ, հõķ˶, ꣬æɾӰͷ
ֵļ϶, СԴʲôô㡭
ĸ֥Ц˵
˵ɽʹ͵ĸ֥Ǹĺö, Ҳǵһμֳ޻ǰĢһʱ֪ô, оһ, ҳҰ羱, ۳Q裬ٸгСƬĸ֥һС
ҿǣζͬȼ̣˲ݡ
˶, Źʢӹϸʢ, һ붼ĸ֥ĸ֥һЩ, , Ϻֻ
֪ϵëַˡ
ʲôö᲻ó, ȫ, 鿴õɫЩþ, Ҫָ֥ǳԣ˵ʲôҪ
һҪ꣬˷ѡ϶
Цãĸ֥ǶԷãֲҪһ޳壬ͬ٣ۺͼλǻ˼֣δ˵ĸɺľġ
ĸ֥޻޻ǣڼûʲôرζ֭Ũ
һ˫ȥƯԭĸ֥̺ľŶ֥֥ͨ
Ƕȵаա
ҲȰǳ֥ù룬
̧ۿ˸֪Ȼ̤ڣҲǻʵʿˣҲǸ֪֥Ũ
ĸ֥УֻλüΪΣҲʲôϡӻںء
裬ˣͷ˷Ҹĸҩ
ֵʢģ꼾࣬һ죬ͻ᷸ʹƵҩ࣬һЩ
ã˵Ҳ֣£ʹëûˡ
ֹ˶ԽԽϣѵϵ׳˲ɣ
鵫Ц
ʵֵ󣬾Ͱ˵ճˮ˵͵ȼȪ˵Ҳֻõ͵ȼȪʿȪԻָǿ壬õЧҲĸ֥
ʹǺÿõȪйءΪһ֮ΪԴķչľ˽ģЩҲӦõġ
ս͹ھƷȪصҪñ뽫԰ٱȪˮϡͣһƷȪ㹻ǺáԺ뿪ңҲȪȡ
һůθ¶ǣıԵŽɫĹԡ
ص洬ΪңÿʳСΪ˰ٽ
ʮ֧СӣÿʳСΪٽ
ʳӶࡱɡ
ɳس鿨*5ý¥
ɵúѶȣȻȻɣҲƽϢ˲齭Ȼ⿿ԣԶԶﲻʳҪġ
Ȼ򵥵񣬽Ҳ
Ҫֵ¥Ҫǧ㣬ɳۼΪ499㣬൱ֻǧ
͵Ҳ١
Ų齭·򿪣ػԽԽ̶Ӻͨˮ·ִСɽ¥ȷǸɻȱĽ
Ӫ¥ѡҲˣԻСںֵǷ켫ĳգԴҲûʤξ¥ƹˡ
ϵͳֵһʾ˵ɳس鿨*5Ƿʹã
þöûùˣտʼΪ鲻͸һλᣬ鵽ǡʹǰؾĻмߡɳصư˳ģҲû
ϵͳεĳ鿨ᣬĵصĶͽ֮
ѡˡǡǰķʧˣȡ֮Ϥصȫ
ָھϵһ£ˮ֮ϣ貵߲ʹâʳָ֮ɢ䡣
飡
ϲ
ЧʹúʹǰؾĻм50%ʱ¡
ϲϡ
Чʹúʹǰؾ伸50%ʱ¡
ϲũͭ
Чʹúʹǰؾũ50%ʱ¡
ϲ֯Ůͭ
Чʹúʹ֯ﷻĲ50%ʱ¡
ϲ³ࡤͭ
ЧʹúʹľĲ50%ʱ¡
һڣôֳ鵽ſӵ𿨡
ĿƷͭƷЧʵģЧҲһ㰡
ϵͳĳ鿨ѺľǷ򣿡
һ꣺100/Σ飺499/5Ρ
鿴˿ԼеСǮһ飬Ҳ޷ɡ
Ǻ֣飡
յʱ
ֵ㣬ǰѻһٶ￨ʮϿʮũʮ֯Ů³࿨
鶼ˡ
֪￨Ǹӣнɫ˵ĳ鿨ʱȰҪߵģ
ʱԼϵƭˣ߷ߵϵͳһٶӿǶҷչ˿ڰʵңɳǲֻһֽ𿨣
ϵͳģɳʮЧòͬǿ𿨣ֻۣͯԲѡ
Ҳţ
ٳ鿨Ͷ֣
ϵͳƵʧȥΨһͻҲΪӡ֤Լû˵ѣΪѵطųһŽɫ棬ʾھչʾ
̫ս׷ΪĳЩԭ˼䡣ʹô˿ٻ˽ǰ˽аնҡ
˿ΪĿһʹûᡣ
ɴ۾ԭôǿĽ𿨣Լˡ
ǳٴΣٴΣֵ
ᣬж
Ͳ봽
ǰľʧɥذڷϣԱˡ
飬ô
Զ˳ŵá

Ƕɽסݣܸˡ
䲻󣬵ľ£ֺֻ峺СϪΪڰɽɽµĴжξ룬ҲõĻᱻ˴ţرʺ޲̡
ɽ۷ɫһµʱɳ۶
ɽסþסáӦʣǱ㲻ż·ˣϸؽѵһһ޸֪ס˸¡
ʱϱһصķɽݡ
ѷɽֻǸͽ꣬ѽҲ˲пݲŲٵСȱڣΪܽãûȥޡ
ֱǰһնɱ޵ͣ޵צӼΪϽֱӰķɽȻնɱ⽣Ҳǲòˡ
ϵ»̣ôѶϿĽӻʵǸͷ۵⡣
̫ã˸õչ⣬ⷢȥɽ¹䡣
תԺţÿбݵҲ߳Ժ䣬˴һ棬ԡ
סʿúܣ˰һµھӣͳ˵˲仰ǽ֪
·ûԹԽ彣ֱɽȥˣȫûҪҪһ̡
ǲΪ⣬Աߵעչ̵ʱ͵ȫˣԲعϣ֦ͷѹˡ
ǰժһӣҼ֬ĺ죬ҵӲ˲ͷŵҧһڡ
Ƥ֭С˫Ǻóۡ
һ߿ӣһƵȶɽˡ
ɽµĴ򣬸ɺͷ
һǰôоȫȻˣڷֽ˺üҹմɷȾ÷̵ȵȣڷеλþȻһ¥
¥ǰǵǸָ·Сʱվھ¥ſڣһɰӷ٣ֻ۵С£ߣ״غ
¸¥յһӪҵƷһɰۣ߹·Ҫ


65 
ݱչһ, ͷųһҶǰʱײľ¥, еˡ
¥ż, ӭģѧŵСĶк͹, 롪
¥Ĵʮֿ, ȴ࣬ӵ˿Ҳûж, ʮ, ֻϡϡһ룬⻹Сߺȴ۵Ľ
Ǵһ, ھҲ, ڿλ, Ϊɽ磬ʱѾǰų
ֻ֪أǰˣĻƹϣ, Ѵ±ƬһɫĶزˡ
񻹲̫ϰÿ, ʮֱ׾Ѿ˰ųһ, 鿴ȥ, кǵͬʱ, ָȥһֻľס
͹, Եɶ
ָָǽ, ǽϹŵľƶǲ˵ม
˳СָͷȥÿľƵ̵ĲƷ涼ۣ±ͷ/
ǲǸȦȦʲô˼Լͭɣ
˵һͷֻҪǮҲ̫ˣϴôЩ꣬ǵһμôۡ⣡
һ±ͷ⣬㶹⡭ǵ˼ԼԵġ
ϡ
Сߵߵܵȥˡ
̻ƵĺϵΧȹͷٲȻСֵ߹ֲֳһݷζȴкճ˿ǵĲ
¥ľӪʽ֯ﷻľЩͬ˼Ҽһ¥ĲȲĸƷԾ¥ƹҲ̶нԸӯ
ɽｫ¥аʱ˰գȥʳģʳɲȣǡ
ˣҲԼıˣ֪ɽΪĳգͨľӪ¥
¥㣬һǳԷĵضס޵ĿջԤе¥տҵⲻܺãȻڳԺȲݳ޵¹ӵģ
ƹҪĻ;Сɽ̶ӺĿǣԺס޷ѣһʵĽˡ
ؼǣҲйˡ
Ͳ˵ˣڶ㶹ھֵصļɣҲĺˡһ˵ֵһ֧Զӣ̰ڵؾӪҽݣһӵֻոڼңаﻹϣзԼĹ
Ըʵˣ֪ɽ﷢һڴѾõĹ
յ֪ϢʱＤѣ˴µʱ䣬ⶨ˵չʳģŰæˣȷÿ˶ζᷭŸҿʼӪҵ
¥ϲ˵ٶȺܿ죬һյʱ䣬ǾƼСһŵľÿӣӺ˳
װ̲ȣСĽŲ΢΢ҡΣ໥ײźΣգ֭ȴһҲû
Ǹǰ֣ͼһɫӰӹһֵСǰס̵ף
СҲû֣̽غ˲ȥˡ
תӣͷ⡣

һʺš
⻹ǸӴ򲻳ƨھɶʱôˣ֪С˲ˣҲ֪˳·ɽһ̡
ҡҡͷӿԡ
ͷ±̵պãŴִʱһƵĻǲǽֲ˼ˡ
ѿǵĲ˶˴ãﻹһͲݸһճĿˣ̣Ҫͼβˡ
֪￪˾¥ʱΪ飬ȻҪӣһ˺üƲˡ
ϽӹͲֿ޼ĳգȥк˺ϰͲݸʱᰡ
ѾԱˡ
ǰĲȽѿ̣ʱᰲ֪ΪλҪٴһݼ㡣
գգۣǸλѵģǺܰô
ʱһ
ÿնﵽɽˣһһܵĸ潥Ȼ飬ͷܣվſ򻹸ߡʱ֪󣬻ֹͰˣԱһֱϡ
ΪԼúܺãʵʹǽµצӡԺӽʱʱðͷϲˡ
ϴ˾ٵ˼ǣԼС顣
ʱ᰽ӹͲһжлл
ǰȥˣԴǵĽԽԽƵ㶹أЯʶһ㷢˶൱ƱֵͬڻҡٷʮŶм˵лأζޣǿԾԡ
ʱ᰸ָ𣺡飬
ţ´ม鳯˻С֡
źúõɽ񲻵ڰݵСҵȤ˶˲˲Σģ
ټľ¥ֻ˿æﻹƸæɨ̨һϸڣֽŲš顱һСĴһֻΪװõմɻƿ
մɷճơɫƯһֻƿͼֵʮ黨ƿ޴룬ﰲοûϵƽ
ȥ
˵ȥ¥Ժһ˸װɫ͸Ŀ״һϿ˿ֻ͸״ﲻһڻ͸ĸ״СˢպȡЩ壬ͿĨڻƿƬϣһƬƬƬƴճܿ죬½ƿԭƶ
ճõĻƿڷŻԭλһŤͷͻȻֵԴһʲô㣬ſڹ̨ϴֻմ룺װʲô
Ŷز
⽺ԾȻôǿճѵķɽ
һ𣿡
ȥþͺ
ܴ󷽣ֱӰʣµͬݸ
⽺ӦüֵƣȻ٣ӲϲǷ飬ͳһӳڹ̨ϣŻȥ޷ɽû꣬תûӰˡ
ҿҧһڣǽԪŤͷ飬˵ǿ˻׬ˣ
ȻǿڵĽһŶֵ˵
һ齭޵Ϣ˳ȥ½½ٶ˶ɽСɽеѡСɽﰲ仧е£ѰΪӰȫĵط
㾡鵽ǶѿƣʲôϿ֯ŮũҲͨͨϣʳɱ˳Ļմɳֽʯ÷̵ȵڼ
ԴһµķչϵԵĳ£ÿ춼µı仯ڷ
һµۻټżԸֵֻѪһ㣬Σһˡ
ԲĽԪ뵽˽Щͷ۵⡣
Сɽʯ
󡢽ûеˣ󶼲УѸɽͷˣҲûзпĺۼ
ô㣬ȥƽʮ˼Ҳһũߣʯ󣬴˶ʯǿõЧʵЩ
·򿪣ûҲһ׮£̶ͨӴӱĳﹺ
ȻͲò˵һˡ
ϴڲ齭ϴȵһ̶֧ӣȴֻиһǰСɽݻᡣЩ̴й̶̵ҪȥĳóףҲ⡣
ѹȥһ£ԴĶɿͷǰãͬʱͣʮ̴Щ̴óٳٻ
л˵
ҪʼӿٶˣȻҪȥˣզоԽдԽ


66 
ͬʱ, Ľ̶ӣǰѩ˽ףʱȻµʻ;ˡ
Ǵ˴κѩǵĽײδﵽԤ, Ļʮ֮һδȥ, Ǵ׼ɹѩزѩӣһ䶼δ򵽡
ѩһʥҩ, , ޲Ǹʿ޲սĺö, ֻѩǵıѩԭϡ
齭˷ݳ޴, ŶȥԮòɿ, Ҫѩȥ, ҲǷԪΪηҪðΣպɲ齭Ҫԭ
ȵѩ, Ԫ߱˳еҩ̣˵ѩ޻Ԫƣѩຮ֮أأû̿ɴ, ôõôѩӡ
ҩϰһͨѯʣҩϰҲ޿κ, ȥѩؾʿر֪࣬Ϊ, ܻȴ١ʿǵؾΣ, ǰؾǰ, б޻رϼѩ, 㵼ѩӵ
ѩԭÿֻôЩѩ, ȫüڲϷˣʵûжĴˡ
Ԫúüû˯̤ʵûѩӣôȥ˷ݳ
ѩϱߵĹľʢ裬Ȼû˵ã䲹ЧѩӣܲɹҶҲֶ顣
Ԫˮ·ȥ˹ľ塣ȻǵִľʱɵˡǰʢĴ䣬壬־ԵĲŲѾֻʣ¿֦ˣϵɽҡҡ׹Ȼ˸Σ
ԪʹǴ˲֪ǵɽѾ䣬Ҳһҹ֮ήή󣬲֪ΪҲׯˣɽϵľҲʧȥ˻㣬඼˿
˵裬Աѡ
ãְһˡ
ԪƵͬʱҲƣǿɽ񰡣䣬ֶλ̽һԭǴ˵ɽΪū֮£Сɽɽ˷ԶԶɽĴ˵Ůɰ䣬ȫȹǵŮɶ˺š
ţľūǰ˴Ŀⷿ˲ٲҶūͶŮɣôڣҲֻСɽˡ
Ԫٵ飬̶۷
ʱһ£Ԫ̶ٴηصСɽĶɿڸʱԶԶͷȻϣͣŲ洬Ԫ̾˿֪ͺλһڴ˴ͣˣתתһȦǵû
ָˮɿ֮ͣʱϺȻһ磬һ˸ǹһˣŴƯ񷤣ҾҵҡڻζԱǽԽץסˣǿάסβ
ôͻȻˣҲҪӰ
ԪտƵգɻʱͻȻԶĽУһӴӰ޽ƿ˻ֱֱڵķ˹
ֻӴľŹţֵ׵ķ죬⻬۵ĺƤβ˻ʱʱ֡
˶ըˡ
ܰͷˣ
ԪҲһ޺ö˶˵ôܳˣȻΣǴϿûܱǵˣԪæԸˮ֣ת򣡡
ϴ԰վڷԪԱߵƺͨǧﾵ۲쵽ʲôǸͷϻվŸˣ
ʲô
ԪӹǧﾵͨŴľƬȻ޵ıֱվһ׳׳ɫӣۼ׿磬ͷֻǣ°޽ǳһȦİɫ룬ƮţڣٲȻǷˡ
޵ĲȮһֻټȦʵ׳ε߬׺˫ޣһͷԹѱʵʵظ׳
޿ǳǵķнԽԽǶҲƫǺͬ·ǳСɽͷȥġ
ȵȣ޲ǳģȱ𶯴Ԫ·Ը
׳ΪڵǰȥСɽĽһ˴Ŀɲܳ£ֻȾ䡣
ʻ洬Ҳ˲ѰķˣԼٳǳȻޣŵϽջƴػȥ
Ȼ޵ٶȼ죬̼ӹ洬ԣķͬͷ꣬콫洬򷭣һֱˤ˽ˮ֮С
ޱϵ׳ˣһ̧֣εĽˮһֻ֣뽭𣬽Ż洬ϡ
ʪ͸ãŴȫ֪Լôֻصϵġ
һ·嵽ͷԣɲͣ߰ͷ­ˮ¥ߣͷǿͻȻðޣԭء
վϵ׳ӣ齭ǰݻ˵ɽ񣬻ǰæͨһ
齭̧°˵꣬޵ȵӦüͷһǰѿһˡ
ϵ˷׷ܣϮϢ棬ǶǰµĺԭųӰˣʶؾóǵɽûһˣ齭ֳɷܻýȥ˵

齭ץץ޽ǣһա
סڽףûк򽻵ˡ
ôô
齭ɨһȦֻиСûܿҧָűݣԼ
һŽˮСӵĽŵף͵Լǰɤӣٶĵʣʶǵɽ鷳ﱾͨһ
Сֻ꣬ȫû˵ʲôСǴĵĵﶼܻصˣŷֺӻͷ۷ܻȥӱĿ׶ıδץУʱͱſˡ
ʱõϢһطҲȥźͯˮƮ½ֱͻǺӵĸĸǰ
ǶԷظæźӹ£ͷ
ת󺺵ǲ齭գЩСš
Żھ¥ˣֱӱ㴫͹ˣΪʲô£׳²ŵʱ˿
˹Թģ󺺵ýָͷҲܲµˡ
ǣ±Ǵ˴ɽ񣿲֪γƺ
ͺá
󺺵޵ıһԾ£ɵǰ˫ֱȭʵʵؼһ񣺡ڴл֮
Σ齭ŵǸôʦڵģ˵֮Ͷѡ
²֪ǰҴæˣ齭̾˿񲻹Զţ֪ô£Ǹ³ֽ˷˵ץ˻ȥ֪жɥ֣ǧҲҪٰ
齭ﻹºݺһͷǸ
æͷ­һ˴ͷϴСӣͰ͵ɽ˶Բ𣬺Ƹ鷳ˡ
ΪȵüʱūٺδüͬɴԣѾɤȴǱ䲻ˣ޵ɤСŴӿ⡣
ͬʱŷĲ϶һֻɫĽȦͷĶȦµһȦ˵Ѫ
Ĳ齭֪ôֱ޼޿񣬴ϴֻº󣬿νŭɶѺƵҹӺС鶼ãֱѺƳ鵽һϢֻʣһʱ򣬲齭ָöȦժ¡
ȦƲۣʵǸƷðÿתͷдʱ򣬶ӾͻǶƤ൱ÿʱÿ̶Ỵֻ̂ڲ齭涨жһ˷ΧȦԽԽֱնߵĲӡ
ӺС˶û뵽˺֣谮ˡ
齭ޱȺڣԼǰԺ̫磬ŵǱūٺˣЩʵʵǿɲǳǧ
޵һմȾ̫׶黯ޣںƵƣδж黯ļ
ҪǷ޷ϧҪɱƣ齭ʵ᲻ãֻ﷣
Ҳ²⵽Ȧǽ̷ˣµѪĴĿĬĬۣҽ˼ѷ㣬ԺúֲǣмǲҪ̰ˡ
ǣƼסˡ
޵ۿתֲ£֪һѾǼĶˣﻹұԹʲôȦǳͷһϵĳʱһʱ̰µĴһȥ
Щ
齭һӹ䣬ʮô졢Ƕűʯı䶸ȻſسڰУ顱ؽڵأƵ
ЩǱµлһ⣬ɾ⡣
üһ⣿Ҳ̫˰ɣ
Ȼ֪װɶôװŵģһǷ
ֺǾͬҵĹǣضڽΧţ֮ĻƽҲ಻ѡ
ؾǰܱԭֳֻ򿪵ĳ嶯װӣֻɨһ۱ջĿ⣬Բ齭ˣֻЩлǷ̫أ
Щ͹أıѣȥȸŮϲƣӾʮʯ
齭˵һƴ֣˳԰һԼĲ£գʵѰ
ðɣҲӦõͣ㲻ƾܣսյԼĽҴ
ϵͳ˺л񡣡


67 
齭л, ףڵԺСɽʲôҪõϱæĵط, ¾ܿ, 񶨲ƴǡ
ҪǾ仰Զײ, ɵһŵֵԶʢʮ䡣
΢΢һЦн仰, ԺٲҪæĵط
岻ݴǡ
齭Զйңкֳһ̯ӵƺ, 麮˼, ҲҴңȥҲҴ, źûǷϽ˵Ĳ齭
ȺһԵĽ̴òĽЯȥ, Ÿһسͷʻ
ת, ԶŽĵ̴۾һ
Ľ̶Ҳˣ˺³˫
̶ǰҪǺؾóףʱƮڿп, ҷţߺȶ, Ǳ㴫ͻ˾¥ĺԺ׼ȵС
¥в֪ͷС, ûע⵽˵Ůͯʧһӵʱ䡣
ͷָյ, ̶ӵĴֻҲ˳ִСɽͷˮֽشǧĴê, Աһ˵ذѴϵĻж, ͬʱ޲, ѱһ·޽ͨͨų͸
ЩޣΪߣ൱ʿڣҲֻ򵥵ķʩһֻĸͷȫϵһͷСţͭ壬ʱʱСĶƤ¹ѡ¹ѡ
̶ӵ˰жµĻεڽĺ󱳺࣬һһ㣬һδֱ¡ĻＸͬߣ̶ӵ˲ſ֣ͣϽıһѻ֮䣬Ž󸣬һһԴ
ʮͷɵ̶Ϊƴ׳ۣһ·˲Ŀ⣬ԪΪ˴̶ӵͷ죬ǰ棬˵ĽͷҲ
ſһȺͯӥץСľСˡò壬ΣΪϴüٵıѷըѧõ£ֲ㱻ϣڰû£ֿʼҴܡ
ָŷԪµĽ󸣬쿴ôϳĪ
Ԫ۽һ飬ͣ£ǽ󸡣
ܸǴ˺Ͳ˵Ľ󸣬ŲϳĪء
ϳĪվɽУǳ񡪡
Сɤӽеøˡ
ܺӡ
Ԫһʶο½ӿݵĴԴԴĵķߡ
̶һǰٰ㶹̨һǸʱ̨㱻ˣһƬյأб滹Ψһľ¥ĵطǱڴ˴ͣ¿ʼж̯
Ǵ˴δӶĻȫѩǻģΪѩӸ⣬츣Դˡ
֬ˮۣ޳УѬϣ鼮ҩĸɻдѩǲɹһƤޣνĿʲôС
̶ǻжʱ򣬾һǰȥΧۣԴһ̶ǰóףƷѹû
жͬʱԪ˿Ȼ࣬ɫϵ¶Ƶģȥ¥͸ڵĹľ壬ȫӡ
Ԫǽ̶ӵó׹̶ӲջңҪﻻϾҪƵȥͬĳǳ⣬Ҳ໥ͨǻͨóĶó׼ֵлｻסȻҲߵ⣬ȡʯȪܵﶼӲͨ
̶ҪĲɹ裬ǻó׼ֵⶨ֤ҲԿġԪ
裿ʲô裿еһͷˮ
֪ǹľ£ЩԭľūǣһӾͷӦˣǲ˵ߺȵģǷ˺ôǶ׸ɽˡ
ԪһΪѣȻ˹Ʒ͸ɽ񡭡ɴûװ
Ԫ£׼ﵱƷɽȥɽ񣬴ʱﳤˡ
ﶸȻôţ׳ʵĽ󸣬ĻɧңԪ˵ЩͨԵޣ˵ġ
䣬һֻ󸶸ȻӣƨɣһȺ̤̤ʲ˳ʱһԵĶڿ
ǡʺ
ˡ
ŶԶ˵أίرʾרŹЪϢѱ޳ԼޡԪҲͦ˼æһ´Ž󸣬ѱʦǣʱȥѱ޳
Ϊ˶ز̶ԴŷԪһȦιĸ๤չʾһ׳۵Լﳤïʢֲ
Ԫ˽⵽Դ򻮷˺ü򣬷ΪóסլֲȵȣĳЩǳػҪ淶ԪŴܣȻһ⡣
ѩǣֱҲѻʱʱƮ˺йһζԴĽֵ·쳣ɾȫûκζ
ԪѯԵɣǽӵʱûпſڵĲ𣿡
ԪҡͷӵʱȷʵиŽ󸻹һѵĻûдչȥϸ
ٸΣ¾ҪѲŲ۵ĵط
ɽ涨ڽֱҶйʮֻѼСд͵󶼻ͳһѱ޳Ͻ֡ǳΣΪ֮Ͳˡ
ѹ֣Ŀ¡
˵ţ߳ӵΧþѱ޳ѱ޳ͨũһ𣬷ÿռķͨũʩʡ
ѱ޳Ķﲢ࣬Ұ¹Ұ⯣Ұһ࣬ƺɭҰޣոץѱá
мͷĸ¹ѾԲˣм帾ڼ̡ǸǵĹƺóչޣˢպȡɽȪˮĽˢűÿһ촦ˢϸϸ˫۰أ๾ܽС
ѱ޳Ȼмͷͼ󢣬мũ׸ص硣׺󢱻ǣũУũһֵ֣ͬҰֻȣػܵ÷ɿ죬֮䣬һĶؾ͸ˡ
Ԫˣɶʱôˣ
ֲͨೣũԪ಻ڵ¼ڵҲرãֻķˣпǹľҲԶˮྐྵ֮
ͨũǰˣֲĿʼزֲ
ѷѺͲէһûʲôϡֱ֮һտĿأһʵİͳһֻͮͮķѣһԲ۵ҶѸٳ߷ֿ¶һѪڣѸײڶ֮ƣصķһ¡
һƵ󣬴ӲδպϵҴУһĢơ
Ԫˡ
ʶ㣬ҲǵһμֲֲĹʵʳãǵҩģ־йֲʵ
ֲʮָȤ޺ʵ˵һͨȴᱬըķѣ˹ؼ汸ֲһƳһܵŵϲ
ǲһ뿪ؾ޷ѷһ⣬ͻᷢµıըǺΣյƷ
ֳɵıѷѣ빺Щֲӡ
ȥɽˣɽµġ˵
ĶһСϪСϪǴƬֲɣԪ˳ɱ˷۵Ĳɼ̣ʶɶǡйƬ벻մ
Ϊɷߣ߶ĳķʹɱ˷ķ̸գֱе֪ɷ˶ǷʱԪٶȱһѡ
һ¾뵽˹ؼԣϴã
ûǹǸа˿
ۣԪԲɷϴķȤ˿Ƴɵ϶ߵķڷҲʹãܵͼ޵ĹѾΪѵˡ
ѯЩ˿ܷһЩҡҡͷҲЩ˿Ҳɽʹ͵ġ
Դ򣬷Ԫ۽ͬʱҲˣԴڲһʱһ˵СׯչĹ⾰Ҫ鹦ɽ
ɽ͵ģɽģǸ˿⬼Ҳɽṩġ
Ԫȥôɽĳǳأδĸɽ¹׵Ϊʵ£󲿷ֶŴ£߸ϵͽĹ˵ʲôˡ
Ҳδĸصľ˷ĵس羴ɽ񣬼ÿ˶ɽͽﲻ󲿷ֵЩֻҪ˵ɽ˾ϲغһʱ
ǴиӽСȾֲɽҩ˻ڶ
ǴӹľӳɽǣľɽţɽΪ˱ǣ϶սٻغϡ
ɽﱾɱ֮ˣ϶ƣִ˺üɽųֽɱģΪˡ
Ԫǰͱɽȹһǲۼ֤˲齭רǰлһĻɽ¼
ɴ˵óۣɽﲻգӣĵ
ǰɽˮ㡢Զ볾Դ򣬷Ԫ°˸

ʱ֣ɽСԺ
ǰı䱻δ򿪣ǷкʵĹâӳݹ⻪ҡ
һһһԴڱԵͬųO͡
ôҹ飡
Ưİɺ
篣ûรһ
ͻһߴӱͶһһһظ̾·û
齭ʮӵҹ飬ÿŶȼɢŵĹâҫۣǶǽϣܹڵʹˡ
ӻչ仯ɫ篣ŮǶֲϲƳɵȹӯرɶ
ֻвûеģǲ齭Լ˽أǾҶϲƯĲϣ䡣
һʰ쵵ɺȫѾˣλǵڼʮֵۡ
ʮûϢҹ飬ֱ篣۾ֱˣĵԭѣָо
ʣµļ򿪺һɫĶɫʯͷ˪Ľᾧƺĳֿʯ
ȡһʯ˵࣬ͦģʲô
ϵͳ˪ƷϡУһʯ󣬿ʵؼӲԶʢ
齭Ļ׳Ϊʯķ˴ӵĿʯ
ֻǡƷϡпʯũʹãǲ̫ݳ˵㣿
ֻצӸҹ飬Լ۾ϱȷǾ˽ĳǾҲ̫˰ɣ
˪ʯ󣬲齭ô࣬˵ȱⶫҲ²⣬齭װ˳ʯ
ѹǽôſھͳʯ˺ݺݵĽˡ
˵һҹ޲ӾأҲȥ񵱳
أ
в⣬ЩᷢӺÿǺÿֲܳԣʮ仹ʱ͸ǰͼβ㡣
ܣһҹ㹻ʮͼβˣ
شã˽⣬齭ƺϲӴ裬ơСӵģ㿴ûϷˣӻпܡ
ֻǹ񫣬סڱĽףһѲƱʲô˼ء
ϲСɽˣⱲҲ뿪ġ
ˡ
Ȼ̧ͷɽķȥݵĽǵģɽҲĶɽһ
ôˣΰݰ϶ʵͽ
û벻ҹ飬£ǾӰĶۺÿ
̧֣ɽ֮Ƕǽ͸ɽ龰Ͷӳǰ
ֻڻ谵ڵĴ⣬һǴµʰϣǽ̶ӵ췶Ԫ
һ̤ɽûд£ҲûдƷ˫ϥǰϣֻסҡҷ𣬵ȼһ㡣
л˵


68 
Ԫȼ, ˫ֺʮϰݵ
ɽﾴϣ񷶱Ԫɽ󡣡
ҹɫȾĴ, ΨһĹԴ, ӳ£ľӲҲ˼֡
˰, ԶƮ˳ǽ̶ӵ, 뻻ȡԴز뻻ȡ裬ֲӻǰ˿
̶ӵִ, ؾ¥æ, ɽͼʱ̴ţͷһֱ, νյһһ۵ס
Ԫһ¾͵뻻ȡ, ʱֱ˵ļ¡
ø, ӲͷƤǡ
ţ
ǵƺЩ⣬Ԫһɽһ׮䣬ΪԼ󣬸Ϊǧ󡣡
԰, ڰһ˲ȤĻ, ԪһӦ, ŵӻ
ɽӦ֪, ǴǴӲ齭, սԭ, ˷ݳΪв, ڿ޴
޴ùǳز£㽫ŭתƵɽӵĴׯʹʧеѡҲѡɲ齭ı
ͷЩ֪ԭȾס˷ݳǸĴͬ塣
ûãǡ齭𣬵´ֻû٣Լеѡ¡
ԽԽ࣬ϱߵĶ˿ھѱͣ˷ݳķɣǲǰѹرճţǡֻ¶ϯص˯ڳƽԭһ˷ݳƣ޴˳£Щ˯ڽιǵĵһڲʳ
˵ˣԪ˶٣ʱ˼̬
ڲ齭޵꣬ˮ·߲ɣ̶ӱֻ½·ߵľǴ˷ݳǵɣǵ·ˡ
ڷɣⶺ񣬱عƾÿ춼ΪһȵͷͷѪŮ˾ռߣĸѡ㣬ѡòŮӻ彡׳СӣͨΪūΪ澡
ѡе񶼻м㣬ΪǲˡȻ˶ãЩǾͻῴýǹϺӵǣһ߾߻ϵʬ˵
ֶһ
ÿξɣſڿЩĲ״̲סЩʳЩ񣬵Ǳˮн
ķžȼɽﲢûз״ĸпƻڵȴ˵ġ
Ԫæ˼˵£齭ƽϢиԸսңˮӿһ洬ֻǳ̲ʻǰңɶɽĴʹֻһգҲֻʣ̻Ĵ̴ڲ齭ɡ
˵⣬Ѿ˼ˡ
СɽҰݣˣһ֮ķ˰ڱϮˮ֮С
ͷŮϲŭԣЩ͵Сɽܷۣ
Ԫҿֻͷʣôأ
ǽտ̴ҵȨ޿ͬʱңȥԱͱĻÿҴԳһǧˣǰ˺Ŷ׻ȥҪµʱ䡭
ԪƻϺܵѾˡ
ؽ2Ѿжʱˣǰﵽ˽3ص֮һӵ˫ϵͳȴٳδؽҪ˿Ҳ㡣
3صӲصĳפ˿ڴﵽ
˿ڽǧˣˡٷٶȵĽ𿨣Ҫ뿿Ȼܵ˿ڣֱңңڡ
ҪӻСɽҪ˿ڣн̻ΪŦͣһõ£Ȼܾˡ
ĬĬָ̻ÿһˣһ˾ǧˣҪһ꣬˿ھܴﵽָˡ
ĶĶ鲢ûȫСɽعϡɼǲ⣬ôܻʲôôأСɽ񣬿ɲȱū
룬ʱ򷶱ԪûŷѲƣԸڳװػĿռ䣬ȥɽⲻɵ롣
Ī˵úʵķūĴ㣿
黰ǣԪæַģڷūౣ֤ȡκεĶɽã̻ūҪ̵ġ
෴ģԪǷзūȻɫ⣬̶꣬ǰĹľ壬ɽĬū۰յء
ЩͶأ֮࣬⽭粻ɡ
ԴţȷɽﲢǵȻѹ˵ɣԣŸڽҹ
ĳΪʲôôֻϣԪȻ̾˿һ˷ݳƣݣɽЩ㣬ҵڴ˰
ƽϢ齭һ£ɽǰСɽĴֻؽľڿ̴ؽóʱ֪齭Ѱȫǳ̲˳´ӶִСɽǹƻ֪齭Ѿͨˡ
ǰĴֻֻзԪ̴ˣȫǵ;˵Ҳ֪Ǻ״
˷ݳǵ˲üʡ
Ԫͷ˷ݳǳΪȶģӲ͸¶ǰߵϢҪʱǰͻԻ˽ڲϢ֪֮ʿѸˣûвɹѩӵȲֹܲۡ
ⳡѾ˿һ꣬κη֮ȫ÷ʿֲģոսϢоľʱ
Ԫûʸ˷ݳǶսҵģֻΪǽ̻ˣ˷ݳҪǲʣԷԪŮ׾񶼵԰˷ݳڣĿǰ֮ǡ
˷ݳڵǼҪĹذ˷ݳǶزסϷƽԭķɣֻ̼ͻᱻ޴û
ΪΪСңԪòΪ㣬Ҫ浽˵ֵס죬ʿпЩ˾ֻܵˡ
СɽΨһ·
֪ԪûвɹѩӣҪܲĻȥ֧ԮǰߣһӣƽǰǼȫ˳
ʱҲҪⶫҲȣ˷Ԫ£ȫǻرؽ˿鷳ıˡ
Ҫ˿ֲӣ鶼ûи
˿Ҫȥͷ֯ѨɼϻɼĶˣҲûжġ
Ԫ֧˸УȥĲѰҰ˿ͣʿӡ
ȻνʿҲڸǺͰˣǵڵʵѨͷ֯ġ
δǰɱ˳ͷ֯ϺȥѨ԰㣬ɸ˿Ҳ˳֮£ȫԼԸԸ⡣
ƺͦ׾ݵӣϴһֱչ޸ɽɽͣ˵ӡ
Ԫ뽻׵һֲӣҪֵϵͳ̳ﻻȡҲ᲻ֵǲٺͱѷѵϰ̡̫
̼ǵȪȣֲôѿֱˮľ˫ֲǲ١˷ݳǵҲδֳ
˼ӵ裬ԪǸж£ôࡣ
ɽΪܺɽﵥ̸ҹǰŵʵͻǰ֮ղὫùĹƷϤϡ
Ԫٴγ񹧽ΰݡ
Ԫֵ+90
ԪѳΪͽ
һǷĹֵܿˡԪһ90㣬˵ȻΪʵͽ
ʲôͷӽҰһҲҪ㹩ʲôֻмСҪȥ
䣬ɳһƮƮڵϣԪһһƲ滭ֵĻ
ͷϷԸ㽫͸һˣ˵Ҹġ
л˵
Ҫķϵˮ֧Ҫġ
Ůͷ˽Ӧڵʵ¡ȱʧļԭйأǰŮʵҲΪȫɱĴڣΪάŮͲ͸


69 
̶İ˺üյ̯λ, ÿǰʵﲻ
¥Ҳ̶ӵĵս𱬣ˣ¥ĿշҲȫ
ԱڽϿ˺Щӵĸ, ˰, ȻԵȺĴ֮, ƵĴȵϾƹĴ, ܶҲԸΪ˯һ
跶ԪǼ裬ȼü֮, Դͨز, Ǿ޴㶹ɱ˷ۣҲչ
һž޴㶹ķϵһͷ, Ҷʳڴ, ʺ̶ӺʱЯ, 㣬ֻҪˮ죬ӵλϵۣһʳܱȿͷǿˡ
Ϊٰ㶹㱬ֵľ޴㶹, ֱӱ̶һ룬ͬʱʵĻ, ʶһĿһӾͷḻ
ھ¥æʱҲЩĹҶǿ, 黨, ֻƫ̯λǰפ㡣
˺üСɽûеĵζ, Ҷ齷ⶹޢСõܸٷζ, ûס, Ƕ񣬻˺üϡ
̯գ̶ӵ˶ʶˣԪ˺ܾõӣظƼͽϣú󣬻治֪ʲô
¹ƷԪֺǺǵ˵
Ҳû⣬Ϊ˿С֮࣬лصҺһزϣһСĻ˵Ĳúֵ̿
ͬԭʼ˵ıڻ滭һϲժԲɫĹʵȥˣҶӰʵȷ͵һϵеĲ衣
һŵͼƾŶƾ鿴ˣϻľȻһ䷽

ಡ
һɫĳӯգһĽֹ˳ػظǵС
ص˵ķɽ޺ˡ
Ӿ¥СǶҪ̫ˣι̵ذѽճһѵĺۼ
һ뵽飬뵽¥ɿڵķˣϻأĲ˾ͳӣżæŵܻҲˣʵǿϧ±ͷⰡ
֪ԼǸͰţǼӣһоĳУʳǳе¡
ͷ޽˴£ӣֶˡأɽ֣ȶɽˡ
Ǽɽֻ˼䣬ԴϿգ͸߶ȣ˸յأһӷɽƽء
Աߵϲ˫۷ֱͲƽкˡ
ոɽӺ˧
ǶԷǵΧۺѾϰΪƤͷȴ£Ųһתֱ¸¥
¥ӣϯｻڶ
еɻֻǴû¥ôôˣ
¹ƣԭȸк˵С˿Ѿ˵Сͷʱڹ̨ԣһŶȣŹӣһָӻǡ
߽СһµӰվӭüûˣǶɣиλ
һ£⵽ÿŷ϶һ̳ľƣ˲۾Ǿ¥ʼˣ
ţľƣɺúˣҪҪһƷƷ
Ȼһ
ҪƷƣǿɳƵмңʵʱϾʣʯҪȥƺȡ
ǵһƺֵ¾ƵĲˡ
СȥˣǴΧĿˣǾƱ֣ȵͨ죬Ŷûоôܽо¥ء
ϰ㵽ôѳԵôúȵľۣ
﷽ӺԺ̧һ̳¾ƣþ׽ʢھƺٸʱп˴ʣشǿͬеŴȤ˵˼Ҿ¥Ķ䷽ܸ㰡
һЦûлش
Ƶ췽ȻǴ䷽ѧġ
ϳϵĹСɽﳤ˺öɬû˳ԡէ䷽ʱҲͬɣζɬľܺúô
Ȼֱ䷽ѾһھƺǾȫȻˡ
Ҳ֪λƴʦƷӣҪڸ˴ľơ
̶żȻõŷӣȴɶƲͷ˳͸ʱּ񵽱ľϲ
ζľƣҲԼн˾¥˵ǳһȻƳĵһĲãһģ׷ҡա
˸ӣÿԷĿ˶һСƣǳ֮˵úȣŰ˳ȥû죬ƴÿĿ˶ҪһƣרΪ˺ȿھԷġ
ڸ𣬲վζ೤ǹе㣬ڷ֮󣬴ӱһȾͽƵͣ
ǲ֪һ˾ͺ̳ȥ
㷹Ǹϰ鷳ٴһƣҴߺȡ
һ򿪾Ƹף־Ѿ˵ףǸȻ˵˼յľѾˡ
ͷ˸ãаɣˡ
ˡ
̨ǰʱһͬʱۣ˲ǣⲻǶھ
ϻһͳһöӣڷڹϣӻóһƮƮƱݸ
˵ôֽƱӽˣ
Ҳÿͬһۣ˵ô԰ͣ
Цţͬʱӹ
˶֪ǧܵ𽣵ˣ˵׼˾ߡ
䶼ŽҶ¥ĳͣߴµȻò䲻׽ӽǾ¥ʱæ˸ɶģһǸȵˡ
ұߵŮӿҲǹΪ֮лͨĴǳأһöĽӳʮٷҲ´ˣٲȻǳէﻻĹء
һٷǮĸҲ
ûһϷ
Ƿ½𶧣׼뿪ˣʱպһ˳꣬ö˵
һɲͣ˽ŲȻƹѲе΢˼·ģ۷ع̨üʣ
öûϵһٷѡȵذڰ֡
ôУҸǾûԷǮôûƷ£ⶹģǶʱˣֻӻģ︹̱ˣǳ԰͵Ǹ
ΣϸϸԴء
ǲ֪ԴΪ˿٣δʼӡңļֵﻹһ⣬໥õĶǶͶȡȥԻҷݹũأÿнάơ
ǰɡ
ΪѵͷѵҪȥǮô
ȻûжǹߵԽУôҲԪӤڵĴܣһֵظ׻Ĩġ
ûǮĹ
ǰ˰ǰ˴գѹֵҲУҿԣûʲô֮࣬Ұһ٣ǵ˷Ǯ
ͷҡ˹ģַ־Ӫ⣬ʲôѽ
뵽ʲôҧָ˵̻ſͣ겻ٵӣҪȥ
˵ϰţȥͻ㷹Ǯ
䣬ǾʹܳȥӰʧ
ŷɽһ̾ſڵĸʾǰʾϳ鷢ļС⣬ȻһԽ̻͡
д̻󹺰˿˿нسͷ֯ѨУ˲ɽӽܽ˿ءһ˿ɻȡһǧﶹڽ̻ᴦȡʯ
̼ǵóͷֻ֯һֵͼޣΨһѲϲȺ˵Ϻ̾ᡣ
ȻѲ˵㣬ʵȫӦ
ûԥͰͽսУ漴ֵķȥ

ʪС
ճһ֧ǰֶȥһֻܵҰ¹Ұ¹ӦһƬ
Դÿδ֮ʱ̲סڵʹûҰܰһƿҲһδε߷Уս졣
ߵԣӣ׼£Ȼдһů⣬һػʢš
ðĻ磬ϵİԴǾȣˣ
ͷ
ãʵء
鶶ëԵؿޡ
ʱգһԣд͵Ұ޶һֻΪļˣȫûķ롣
üĻ磬ǲ⡣
ΪʲôоڵԽԽܿˡ
ھ죬ѷػ磬ʵľ󻯡
˲˵ԼʵĻ㣬ұͨĻȣὫ串һϣǸɱʱΪҽ
һʼڣѾԼð¡
ļ죬·ʹ˰㣬ʱʱشֳܳϵص㣬мβ㱻˷֣Щջĳ
Ϊͻһˡشÿξͻʱ᲻̫ȶ޶ķؼѹȶ
ҲûﵽʲôΪ̾޺޵ʽȫȻͬǲҪķģֻڻκ󣬲ŻѡһЩԼ޷ѧϰ
Ҿ֪ûķҪȻͻƾƿǼѵġ
Ȼ뵽ʲôգգۣˣҵ˵˸ʵʿҪȡȡ
뿪ڣͷϿմһƿȥֻһ۵Ů޽̤ɽͣͷԶĿУɽϵƺ·š
ȳ
䣬Ů޺ƾһգۼȥ
ҡҡͷˣȻǿ׷ǹʣ˼ΪʲôҪԼؼķڸһɵأ
Լĥɡ
Ůûʲô
ǵý̻ᷢһ֪ͣʵûȥӡ
ĪŮΪͶȥķһذ
ɽлأһǳͷ֯Ѩһ˭Ҳ֪ʲô˵Ů޾רҪȥǲ֪Ľء
ŮΪ֪߳پ磬˵Ľԣֻ¸ͨҲûʲô
ջ˼ٹע

Ͽš
Ͱֻ˵ǳͷ֯ѨûбλáſڵĸʾϵֺԴļ׵ͼ
ǵкĽأͷ֯ѨλǿߵĻϱߵţ
䱻紵þ»ţպ˵СƣŻδʲôʱһе
еǲˣֻѡһ߷ɱҡ
ƺǰʲôǽĸ߶ȣ棬ֱ
˫ŲĲݵϣŲԶ壬л֮ɫ
ڿԸӵĽǶȣһѨ˿Ȼһھ
˼ɭôһھأ
ھⳤ̦ЩͷĹžˡ
ߵڱԵпһۡеĹ߱Ͳãʱľ׸Ǻڶģûһˮĺۼƺһڿݾ
ѡ˵ض
ת뿪Ȼһ΢˵Ķ䡣ǻعͷٶֵسȥ
ôסڳ裿
л˵
дѾ಻ףˣͼ򵥵ףѵˣѵģҿԳԵһױ


70 
еŮʧӰٺ, 鿴
Ұ¹ĶƤĹģһͷеĸ¹
ʱδ, ͷֻǳǳĸ¹ƨ, ֻΪɱ˷Ķضʱ˹ȥ
ԶĵĹ涨ǲòɱеҰޡһֻеĸ¹, ҪôѡŹ, Ҫôɱ˷ʸԺ, ѱ޳
Щĸ¹ѱ޳õƵ, ֱС¹õĻ, ÿ컹ʵĲϺȪˮӦ, Ե, ҪЩˮ
ĸ¹ȥΧѱ޳ѱ޳ĹǸողɼͰ¹̣תһͷĸ¹æǰæذѻԵҰ¹ŵϡ
Ưĸ¹
ӰҰ¹˳Ƥë, ۵ϲ
¹ͽˡ
Ұ¹תҪߡ
硭ǿڽס, ָָõͰţ̣ЦЦ, ܰҰľͰൽֿǱ𣿡
, ˵һһͰ¹, سֿⷽ, ಽظ
ǲǸֲᡢ粻Ů, ෴ȭŹͰ̣һ˼Ҳûȥ
ĬĬǰ˸ߴıӰֻҸᣬ˵˵ѡ
ǰһѵ˫󢣬ϳϦദɺ̽ѱ޳СݣֻҰʱŻһ棬ظо˵ĹϵԶ
˳Ưѱ޳£нҲߡʱգкüС䶼¶Ľ֮⣬һûϡ
ӱµװ±ˡ
ǣ˲ǿľ񣬻ǿӲʯͷ
ϻȥ̽ͷ۵˵ѰĹңͱǾǧ̬֮ȸˣҲֻײǽĲ
ǵ˼ǧذתһ仰ϣͷô
̧ͷһѾߵֿſˡ
ۿ˰ľͰ£Ķ´λ֪ʲôʱȥˣҧҧ
磬Щ˵
Զϣ֦ͷʢĵ͸ëϵӳ¹ߡ̧ס۾Ϸ
ǰľͰൽֿſںƺ˵ʲôƬ̣һ仰㾶ֱ뿪ˡ
ǻվԭأԴһµ΢΢ʶš
صָͷʣôˣ

֪θ޽УȻеԲǣϵܲǿ󣬺οһֻǿʵûʲô˼ǶŮ鳤
鿴˿ĬֿԶ޵ϡﻩǣ֪Ȼ֪Ȼ

һŹֵվڻľԣͶ䣬ȷԼĻ
ڻĽҰжȻðһڿݾǼˣ׾ĸ
Ѳ⾮ˣ
˲뾮УΪβȣ߳С
Ǹ϶Ŷ䣬Ҳû˳ʲô
˭ڳ裿º
ĺӳ֣ʮ㣬ֱﾮףǾ֮ȴδţڵǳ
һװŪ
ϴָ֮꣬£Щ¼ıǽթյ޺ڲݣ⾮µĲˣǺܿĳϸߵޣͨվߵķˣ¾ʳ侫ꡣ
ˣ⾮Ǻޣÿ˳ֳ֮
ǻصˣˣʵڼįȥΣ
׵δӦڶߣתݣǲͷˣߣӣһԾʹӾȥ
еܳǸоԼʮϢʱ䣬ƽ˵ϡ
漴̧۴⣬⾮Ȼǿڿݾ泱ʪŢأһȺϲ̾Ӱе棬Ӵܶȥ
Ǵʱھڵ·һ΢ĹߴӾ£Ȧµķ֮ء
̧ڰ֮Уһз·𶼱òһˡ
Ƿ˵ĸȻǲŷ⾮׺ܿһʯѨڲָĺڰУԼǰһűڰΪŨīӰ

ǵسķɽĿźӰ֮ϡ
еĳ·źӰźӰ˶չ֫
ǲŷ֣źӰʵһȶꡣ
͵бһѳʹͷ­ԴһźӰֽǰԽŵأվ
ڰУǿݣֻܿųֲ£ƺҾƶϵԱСһţվֱ¶޳ͽס
굥Ž⻬ʪأһԵĽۡ
ϲû޵Ϣ
΢΢ɾͬʱɻĸŮӺͺ֮ͯ䣬ôһأ
ΪΡ
üֻ꣬˵һ룬ֻǰһ̣Զ꣬һ̾˲Ӱ࣬нкػʺ
ͫ׽㵣ֻɾߣԼԺīȫȻδӦǲһ
ʺľʹֱУĸоǰѽιʱƤ
һ˲ûȥɱԼԭûԹޣûźŨŨɻ
ôģĳֲ
۵һн֣ڵϡ
˫ס˿ڣȴûһ˿Ѫ
һʶʲô
ԣǻþ
ʲôʱþģ
ڰк󣬾ͱŸ߶ȾþиḶ́޲
ǡ
Ȼ뵽¾ʱǹ׹䣬ӦĹУͱקþˡ
̾˿
Ȼǻ󣬵ԪӤ۷Ϊһ棬ͱһҲ̫û˰ɣ
СӵţոҴˡ
ңָ꣬껹ųֽƣȻ
ʶǻþʱ򣬲ϵ˿ھˡʰԼ彣ն˶ĻһĨ׺ĽٶȴХ
Ž첲ˡ

̲ס˸ֿڡ
΢Դֱ첲Աֱָʱѿյұ۴ľż㽩סˡ
γԱ񣬸ˣֻҪ彣ͷ·һĻأֻҪ彣Ͳṥ
ôţǰͲý
նϵұֳ̼˻ջ
Ľ̫Ե뻳׼ͳ̸ԼսȴЯȫˣĽҴ
˫׼ʱ̻һ󷨣ַĲ
Ȼˣ
ˣǻþضǱ֯þ˵㡣
³·õֻеϵ彣ˣζֻܺƴС
ǳʧЦ
һޣýкһ޶Դ򣬲̫ô
вƽǴʱҲûбѡֻ彣Խ಩
Ķ֮Сľ졣
һʱȥ
Ǿ˱һһϱۣһأһƶǵȸ
ͷδ˵һ
ÿαꡰնɱõĽж̫һšȥĴԽԽ࣬оԽ
ÿһ·𶼲ڹĵ֮ϣȣиɱݾѲ⣬ò׽һһʹһ޷ԤĵǶ
ÿһУɱ˵Ľ
þƾձɣַΪþþ֡þǻþܿĵ̤þߵĹ䣬µĶ֯ɻþ
ǺȷţԼʶꡣ
Ǳֻþþǽ˵ʵ£ٶȸԭγɵĻþ
Ҳ˵ȷһ꣬ڻľʹ㾫ĽС
ۡ
Ľͱ˸ǵ࣬ʹݴˤڼӲľϣػ
ⱲҲûôལþϻƣͱͱɸˡ
ȴϱĴϼ϶ǴŴ̧ͷΡȻĴꡣ
ӵ˵Ľ츳Ҳǽ֮ôû˵ɽﰡ


71 
Ǳ޵, پž޵콾Ҳٽڴȴδļʹ·ĽС
ûκλ׸Ķ, ֱҪȥ, ǹƵĲһûС
Ȼе˿˲, ÿͱһ, ʹȴʵʵġþ˲壬˵ʶ
䲻ְһ, ʹ̱, ѽһӡ
ʲôӵþˡ
һʱȥ
ۼµĸǸоʹʶЩ, , һ, ǲʯֽ࣬ɽ
Ǹ۵СһᣬٶȻܣĻ˴ʱַ΢ı仯, ڴµĨΨһԴԼȫʧˡ
Ψһĳڱȫ˿Ϸʯڡ
ĵ, þѳƿķ, þƽⷨ, ҪܳȥĻ
Ѳ, Ҫþһô
Ǻ, ȷڽݺ, 츳Ҳ࿹һҲ顣
þӵͿӵֻý
ҧҧվҲǸ취룬ʤһаʽ
ȥϵĽָմɷὣǰ彣Ϊ̫ûȣٴأһɲԶλͣס
һƣڵأץסٿɿǰ̤һֺضסһľͷ˵Ϸ
ǲϵظսɽĶֱƶһ֮ʱ͵סٵسĲһ͡

΢΢ɶһĽ
æ֣н˳ȥͬʱǵĽâմͣ¡
һϵ޷Ʈ
ҧ´ǻһ亹

ǽ½̻ͣѾȥա
̻˺üգûеȵ͵˰Ѱ˿̶ԴѾͣ˺ܾãǻҪ»ȡʣٸ˷ݳȥԮ裬˶ൢ飬ǺԼ´ִʱ䣬ֵĻʹ뿪Դ
̶ͬһ뿪ģѱʦǡ
鲻Ϊʲô뿪أߡЩ˼ˣĸƷԴ˿úܿ˲ûзϡ
֮ǰչ˫͸Ұ޵ѱؾڸƽһæιҰ޵ߺѱ޳Ȼճת
˸Сھ¥ſڣӭűͣһֱδǵӰ
ºƣͷ֯ѨѾˣֻʣһȺͼޣԸԪӤڵʵɼ˿Ƿַӵ£ôȥôûû
Īǣ˵ȥͣʵһѾ뿪ˣ
ܰɡŲԶ֮ˡ
ÿһסصߣǱ񣬸ǻѵõɢޣΪҲߣδŵԤѡɲô˰
࣬пλھ𣿡
ܵķǰŽż⣬С
ҡҡͷδ
ǻˡ
˫ֻأСüëšһſɹ˰̫ɹúͮͮģùϵľƺﵹЩƵǰ
ϲƣƵŨζӰǵǾƺʵװĶ֭
˳ù˿ڡ
ڵӳļڣСɽɽҰˮңӷĳ֣Щե˹֭ЩۣĺǶܰȡ
񱭺֭߿˹÷
춼¥һͣûжˣȥɱͷ㹻һµĹӡ
Ƶع¸һǿԼ飬ʳʵζ
Ϊ޵ļ䣬δһԶһ̣Ҳʲôζ޵֪ķʳȻô£ô໨
յϰȫʹӣѾ¯࣬ⶼһһ׼
״¸п൹ԽԽˡ
Ѱ£
ƺܿյӣʵ
һһֻ˻񱭣Ҳûʲô£ֻ⼸δе㵣᲻ʲôΣա
ԪӤΪӦûʲôв¿е⣬ʵص
˵Ķһ٣ȻֵϷһδ̤ĵط
񱭣࣬к¿ˣҪ𣬾˵ȥϪˮȥˡ
˵գӦСѾͷһ̾Ͳˡ

𼱻ǵֵϱ߸ȥ
һһߴϵͳ鿴ֵ̽ȡ
Զдԣ̽һֱǰǰ̽ȱ㿨99%ˡ
֣δȥĵطֻϱߵǿڻľ
ľʶʱͽµģһֱٳûȥ͵Ǵɣû뵽ϵͳ1%Ľȣɡ
ľΪ˽أųȥ̽ˡȻڸղţδǹ̽ȣȻһ㣬99.1%
Խ϶ľ
ٶȣʿٶȿܶ࣬еԶֻһɫӿзӹգۼݲ
ֻ˰յ裬ɱĻľԡ
ǰվھȥھխȫƲ׵ģ
ɨһ۹ڡľ
ӰܵĿе֪ϱߵˮƺΣյĴڡͷƺͻµף̽Ѱľʲô
δ֪
ɴ̽Ƚﵽ100%Ϊء
ڹžɢŻߺͲѰϢоµףȻ⾮²
¾֮ǰ͸ǵķӦһȽسºһɤӣ𣿡
ľֻƬ̣Ӧ
õԤУ⾮ףΪβӦѵǻ
ӽȡޣ߬УҪȻԼһĸӾƮ
е죬ʼŵ㷽ԣƺǸǾϲ߳ͯҥ
Ůͯйʱʱи庢ӵʱ߳׸ҥһ˳
ʱʱСƺ˾ή٣·ʱ̾Ҫ˯ȥ
ǲˣ鳪衭
鲻֪˵ʲôãɴ˾
Ϣʱ䶼ûУ˵ϡ⾮ڿİʵֻвڰеģͬŨīֲָ
鶯ҹݺҹƵŨī˲䱻ɢ
ŷָǾǰ˫۽գüĽţڱʲôţͳȥ
һ񺮣æʹ˸漴ǰƸǵ֡
ιû°ɣѣ
ȴ֪޾˿ƺȫȻĳֻþξ֮С
ߵĸӲֹˣٲȻǸǷġ
׵Ŀռ䲢黷ܣطľϿ˳̶̡ǳһĽۡЩ۴ĿģԿȥгǧһһϦܹ̳ɡ
˭ôģھ׿ۣ̽
֮£֣ϵĽָۣմľڣһŨҳĽˮްʶ
˲ɿ֡
ʲô
鶶˶ָȥѰǸԴͷ
žһȦһ۵Ľ䣬һֻưǣֻ¶βͣʣ°Ƕ֮Уͳͳãش˳
ǵòЩΣͷλãһֻްǣһ΢ɫâͷϵǴƣڰУͬѷө
ϵͳ㷢ǽź
ϵͳ㷢ǽԪ񣨲ȱ
л˵


72 
ǽ𣿲ȱԪ񣿡
ϵͳʾ, Щȡ
ź֪⾮˶ã˻ʯͷǵϾȻŲһĨԪ
Ԫ, Ŷ, ĨԪѾ൱΢ǶĸȱԪġ
ھ׾, þı, þҪýά֡
²ĻþӦԪĸй, ֻҪԪĸ, Ǳӻþ
ԪһĨƵľ壬˶Ա, ûʲô, ĨԪȴ֯þ, Ӧйء
ǽһó깥֯þޣҴϲϢ͹ֻǽǰǰ벽ɵľ磬֪Ϊζ䣬Ԫ񵹱, ϣͷųʿþ
ɾ, ǿǽֻ´ڵʿҲڽ, ˵ԪӤڵĸ, 󾳽, Ҳ֮С
鿴ĨɵԪ, ľѹӢ, ֻҪܽ飬Ȼþеĸǣȴûô
ԪͨþݸħԻٸ£ȴȻھ죬˵ĨԪδ֮ġ
ǾµĽۣǺΪǽԪֻû֪ˡ
׼һ̸ֱУ̸вٶ֣Ԫܳ裬ʶġ
ŷųĨԪͨȻԼɣ˱ܵתȦƺΧһжĮģš
ϵͳѹˣԪ̫ãҪֻѾɢˣȫľάֻþֲͬ㽻
ʲô취Ҳþ𣿡
ŻͨԽþͬͬʱҲЩ棬ڻþ￴ʲôٴаרע
ΪɣΪԪ񾳽綼ǽҪߣԲûбþΪȼ̫߱ͼ֮ĸо˼Ҹ档
ϵͳԪûֻǿ
Ԫǿ
ϵͳȻǳɶɶ
ɶɶ˼ǡԪԪ
뵽ʲôæ򿪴ңһзңڽҵһֻѾõСӡ
鴫ޣͷڲڣ
ԭ޾ĺڰ֮УͦԲĶƤ˯
ͷĻͦġ
˯ˣѣ㣡ָùӸǡ
ԭ˸һһߡ
Σ˻ηޡ
˷ҵУը¡¡졣

ԭ˯һԾ𣬾سžԼͱ˷һôأ
֮УǵŮ£ֵԪã
²һ׼û¡
ԭסԼ壬ɪɪҪҵԪʲô
Ϊһɽ֮ھֻʣԪˣΪʲôŹ
㡢˵õ̫ɽҵͷ뿪ģɿɲԶţ
ҵʱֻ˵ǿǣӦһҪ𣿡
ԭʱǺôָ
鱻ͷۣϻֱһ䣺ЩԪһɡ
ͷֹһ˫۾شתȨ֮ס
ͷΪȥ֮һͷʼеԪڣ°빦Ԫһˣɾûôˡ

ȨУԼԪȫߣҲûа
δٴ˵㻰ԭȷҳȥ
á
غ˵ֱӽ޴򿪣ԭԪƮ˳
ԭܣСľڣ飬һڴޣһĨҪɢ΢Ԫ
ԭԪװ֣͸ĴܲԱ֮£ǽԪֻпļСҹâ΢ҪϨĻ֡
ΣԭҲµˣԼԪιС㡣
ԭ룬ҧҧԼӤ״İ͸Ԫϣֳһư͸ľԪǸС㡣ͬɺѾںȵˮ㣬ѸƾԪֱӽ̵˶ɱС˲׳ʵһȦ
Ҫô
ԭԪȻһֻסһֻק޻ǰ㣬ԪϾһƵ͸Ԫ
̫ˣ̫˰ۣˣԲô࡭ԭԪŤ
ǽĸֹͬʱԼľԪһ˿ȫ˶СֱԳŵҲԲ£ԪһȦԭͬƤҲûˡ
ǽԱˣɿԪ֣ͬʱвһ
˵㻰ȥҪǵüβ͵͵ˣв֮£һ𡣡
ʧȥ˴ľԪĺԭֻŵŵǡ
ԪǰзϣẦҲˣҲǺģ
߰ɡ鿪ڵ
صһ룬ǵ͸ԪȾܣƵģһ·žϷɴܣŲ·شӾڴ˳ȥ

ͬʱǻڻþиǲ궷Ƕ¡
׼ȷ˵ڶ£ڶǡ
֡һľͷˡĻþÿӽ֮ʱǶἰʱͶܱд֮ʹ
þУʱŲУ濴ֻھգԼ·
ʮֺһʱĳ嶯ͺµУȥҸشһܣҲܱĥҪ̹
һĽͷϮǲıǼɨѸ˼롣
Ӳ˲յĺͷ̣ԼһĴ򷨣Ľ·ŸɳжٸͷָŻ˼
Ǳͱ
𽣣һ˿ϢĻᶼٶȳʱǵĴ򶷣ʪ˲ٵĽӡĲӸպúǰһɽӡغϡ
Ժһ¡
ȵȣĲйɵģ󷨵Ļ
ǿŵϷҵĽӡԺԶԲһټ̣ж켣ͷ·ƶ죬ɵ֧ΧǹӰƵĲɵߣٲϵ졭Ǽ
һٶȵ󷨣ѹٶô죬ԭǽڽĲˡ
ǰסģһ˿ˣǼĻһӦڡ
һ꼴ķλе彣ɵǰȥ
ķӦҲܿ죬ʱԽ֣ǷŻӳȥĽâɹұ۵³һСӡ
۾һϷ

鰲صȴǽԪ񽫳µľԪ
źԭľԪǽԪڣۿɼط˱仯һ΢Сţ˴ǵԴԴԵһڲϵûƮ˿Ľβֳͣӡ
·һѣСɱ䡣
͸ĽԪ˻Դ۾һ۾Ƽ˽ߵ飬ҡβǰͷָ⡣
һԺ
[ոιôܺóԣллҶɢˣЩԪܶϰˡ]
ǿɲǵԪ񰡣ϡĶⱲҲԲˡ
׻˵̣ôҲæǽԼ[ҵ֯Ļþܰӻþų]
[ԡ]
ǽҡҡԴ
[ҵĸֻǽþþлþķþҵѪҲƻ㲻õģƺѾҵţûͨպҲԶþͳ]
֪ǲܵ˺˿̶żֺʣ[ΪλڴˣǽϵĽǺΪ]
[˵֪Ļҿȥһ]
ǽͷǷĹâûз
һߣǰȻͬưɿ任žǣƺеĳһűһͨת
ѣŻµĸоɢȥǰģĻ𽥱
ľףǰͬǣľװŵ峺ľˮˬľˮУһ
һ죬ལ³һݡ
һ㡣
л˵
ʵ̵ͦģھܽ
ݵصһ³Ҫˡ


73 
δӽ۲硣
Χľ, ˮγˮ֮»С͵ˮݣСʯ, ˵, ֻһխˮСС, һƬɿС
ˡ
һľˮͰ, ˮϣʶҶ㿪, ȴѾһ˾ס
ܿ, ղ³ݣֻɡ
С̧ͷ濴, һŸٵĴ帾, װˮľͰ, ھߴˮ£帾Ȼ鲻߳Ÿ衣
ԭĲǻþǽǰĻ, ʱ鲻ܿȥĻ棬ܸ֪
˿, ϿڵͯҥСҲõҡβ͡
ҹ, ǽڸˮм˯, Ȼͨһ, һݵӰԾ˾ס
ӾڴµһµĻâ, һԵİվھˮ֮, ˮ濰ûĴȣǻ̫Զľˮʶģ
һοʱŵ굽˾׵ʯͷС
Ĩ˰Ͻˮ飬ȻͳһʯͷĥɵĴʯŵľһһ۵ػ
Ľ£޼ɿԣʯżڣĽʯĥǳǳİ׺ۡ
ĵЩʯֵĽۣѵµģ
ǽ̺ǿĽ⣬һĳλµģ꿴ŸոѧսȻǸַϲ񰡡
ϴŵӣźͰˮĴ帾ò࣬ӦҲǸׯˡ
ûȸľˮûи谭ľˮ˼ѣȫĶרעϰûעʯĽ
ھһֱŽӾ֦žڣ˳ȥ
˺ÿ϶ǽ𽥽ϰĴڣҲˡ̫֣ˮȻڶ࣬ԹԵʯ˯
ǽ˯죬Ȼβʲôһ£ʱѣͷȥԭĶ̫ʯС֣ˮףβ͡
Ҫȥǽסγˮ棬ޱдˡ㳳˯ˡĲ졣
һӹʯɤԽлл
ͨ㳤ò̫һ𣿡
ӹͬʱָ⸧˸ͷ͹Сǡ
鿴ֻ׵ָͷģüġǽƬ̣һβˮףصʯкڣ³ݡ
δһЦ֮ϰŽڶ죬˼öϪ׽ݡ
ޣʳģôֶ
ǽź󣬱Ťͷߡ
ʱҲΪ벻жƣݴžڣ׶죬ǽԼҲˣҧһĽŲӣβ¡
궯ĿƽϢ
ʱһΪĽУҲʯ˯ŵǽѣչʾһԼĵá
ǽʮûȤƺҲûʲôѣȻҲܵ͵͵ǱΪѵһԹۿ
ſţҲ˼ͺŵҲĺϷ㣬ĶɾѣΪʱĿҲѿ
Щƽʱͬ֡֡ĵӰ棬ǰһꡣ
УĽɿ죬һأżȻ̳һȻЮŽ⣬Ĩⵯָݼš
ལһδ޳ԼĽ⡣δ޳˽⣬ɼ츳δǰ;
һҹǽһ󲢲еĿ޺ͱӵѣ̧ͷ򾮿ڣڵıŹ¹⣬вԶĻ⡣
ǽֱʲôΪҹû
գ
ǵϤ£갲ΣǽǰȥŵѪ޷ɢңüڰĻֻһҹûĪ˼η㲡
˵Ҫ뿪ˣҲ֪ȥҪȥԼĵ
̶ҪҪߣ⸽Ĵׯûˣܹ¶
ǽԥ˰ΣҡҡԴ
Ȼ׵Ĺ¼ţӳڴ⾮ףδ磬棬Ǻ¡
ھļңȻƣܸ㹻İȫУԼ㹻ǿ֮ǰҲȥ
ˡ
ǽʯУžĳˮҡεˮݣһʳˮݡ
ǽȻӿǰδеĹ¶
ߵĵһ죬ͺˡ
ǽٵʳŬгһգ޵Ϳɵѳھˡ
ﻻƣ׺ɣ
ͷղϱ任ɫ֪ȥ˶á
²⣬ٹȥ˰꣬ΪǽǣԿˡ
ǽھˮһȦȦţǰ帾ǾͯҥƺøŽеĿƺͼį
һ죬·һʿǽĸߡƺܾ棬ƽƽľУȻһֻϡеޡ
߰ɣҴȥ硣ʿվھԶ˵
ǵڶ˵Ҫߵࡣ
һΣǽûоܾ
޵Ĺʵ̫ڲŸո飬֪Ҫھлķ϶¡
ʿ뿪Ĺž
Ȼøݣ½֪ļתģᷢѿҶӻ죬ľݡ
סĹžһÿ＾мƬҶƮ侮ףһֱΪҶǻɫġ
ʿĴӢͷף߹ɽ󴨣˺ɽɫȻɵĵ·ϳķ羰ԤϵΣա
ʿһȺţʿȺ˴򵽿ڱѪǽһζñ֯þȺ۸ʿǿþУɱ
ʿؿǷƵ໥ֱ˶ɵڵأʿϲǽ
ʿͬ˸ˣǽ»ɱ˶ᱦӶԵ
¶ǽܾƺǲԵģʿȴ̵˵нݾģԴ˲ܼӿ㲻ˣ˾ͻ㣬ǿΪβƼã
ǽʿĻƺмֵ
ȥ羮֮ܣ֪Լ֯þжǿӴΨһǾе꣬δ˽̹ʲôǶԣʲôǴ
ʿǽɢޣ÷ˮ𣬾ڽǡͷʿԽԽΪչȥԣȥڵҩصԶĶͽ
һգʿǿоڶСŵĲһ𣬾֮
ʿȺ֮ǽҲͬʱ߰˸ڴܳΧˡʿնԴȴΪ
ʿԪ壬֪ԼˣԪץסᱻĥǺԥѡԱ
ʿԱɧң˵ǽһս
ҡҡ׹ڿзţǽ֪Լӣ֮ǰΨһԸǻؼңصǿڹžС
ǽƾżѰ˹žȥžĴׯѲⳤ˲֣žԵ̦޺еˮҲѸɺˡ
ڻصļңþȫǽˤھ׵У׼ӭԼսᡣ
ڵţĻǰݣǽȻԼֵʱⲻǶʿɱɱӣҲԽɽɽ鵤Եʱ
ǧǰһûǵС֮ʱľˮгΣһñ׾ĽУͼһƯĽ
ﶼģҲ֪ûҵԼĵ
ǽ룬˵ֻж̶ʮ꣬ǧѹģҲֻˡ
ǻؿžµĽۣȻ䣬ЩЩ̫ԾǱȥġ
ڵĽƣڽĳһ
ǽҧȥ˺۵ӲݣֻӲӳľϣý̳һֳֳĻˣԱ߻һֻǵС㡣
СϷһССʺš
ǽٱסʱޣ¡
ǸΪҲ꣬ԭѾ֤ô
ʱգ
ǵǸССʺţȥˣǷ񰲺ã
ӲݵĻľһĽſͣϵƤƬҶ䣬ͽһѰ׹ǲк
ǽһɾ޴ĳͳĻ䡣
ԵһӽǽһȻԭأβŴิӵг
͸ǽ͸Ԫ񣬷ԵľϣȻһССļʻЩһС
̾һ룬ǽ𵱳ûѡߵĻյĽǷͬ
ǽƺ룺[㲻ΪѹⶼԼѡ]
ԣ֯˻þΪ˱Ĵ𣿡ʡ
ǽ˵ͷ
[֤ھ½ۣΪ´УԲ֪꣬ЩĵնΪĽⱻĳЩʿѧȥҲԪӳ˻þ]
[ڻþж½ֹʹĹֻԺĽ˲ŻõȫĴС]
[Żþʮ䣬ϰλʿ˻þգеնδ]
ǽһߺһ߻þиǵĶ
[λƺóʿֵܼʵףļֲסþԻȥ]
[ڹھһУ㶼֪ˣ㻹ʲôҪʵ]
ԪڴˣɢͶ̥Ҳܡ
еǽԲֻǱλߵʿˡ
һװԪķޣԸ⣬ҿԴȥѰҺʵסҪάþĻһİ취
[ллĺ⣬Ѿ¶ģֱԪɢǰҶĴУ뿪˾벽]
ǽܾ顣
Ĵǧ磬Ѿˡ
ΨһԸۿܵõȫУһνиˡ
ǽܾ飬ԱĺøСܸл󷽵óԪιÿҪԪɢܶפþꡣ
ȻҲԼĻ䣬ԼĹޱչʾ˸
ǽ[ǸɽôʿþþȥʿûеõУԽҲҶ㱨ա]
֯ĻþֻʿЧþˣҪôûԪķˣҪôΪԪԶ߹ĵɾ磬ȻǺߡ
գû˼˵ԼһޣһڣһĻþˡ
ⶫǰǽһ£ⶼ˵ɼ⽣жǿԺţµӶܽ˻þĥһûлôУҲһѵõĻԵ
ãһǶԵġǰþԤԼ
ǽͷֻʣԪκεķľ齻ô࣬Ѿˡ
ľΪľȷǵİȫ֪ĻþΣգֻ򴫳УҲͷˡ
ǽάֻþӾ뿪
һӾ׳ϵͳʾڶϡ
ϵͳ̽񡰷Ļľɡ
ϵͳ̽ȴ100%չΪءɽͼɼ⵽жسɴ缼׿ʹá
ϵͳΪרؾŽ
ŽƽƽĹžһţ书͹ʱ뾮ϼӿ̽⣬ø˵õĽУǽԪ֯þӳ֣γ˶صؾ
еĽⲻ뾳ʵ˺ʶؾ࣬ʶؾбƣʶ󣬽뾳Զͳؾ
뾳ٳδ⣬պᱻͳؾÿλʿֻ뾳һΡ
ؾΪþʹΪơеŵӽԿ뾮н
л˵
飨أҲ̫˰ɡ
׷ϵĻãҼϵİ飬վ󻤷ƵͰܡ
׷


74 
ϵͳʾ, 鿴ɽͼϷλõİ˲ƿɢֳֵ
ͬʱ, Ҳ̽ȴֵ, дδйˬʱĵչ֦϶սּ, ηط, ԡչչ˻֦ҶƽϾڶѨСϡسɹ̫
˿, ֲи, ƾεԶǼɢʱ, ԶǶϵҲ, ˫۵СƬ, ɷս˲ݱ׷ս
̬ΪɢȥȻһ¡
ɢ֣ͨɭҲ޶£ɽͼָ֮ƶ, Ƭ﷢һж۵ס
ԺƬӾĵ, Žλ֮ڣȻҲСɽרؾ
ȥ֪ľǺ, 齫仮, ֪Ǹǿ󴫳, Ž֮ǰ, Ҫúý䱣, ͬʱҲΪ˷ֹҰ뾮УŸǵڹŽ˵㲶ٵӣ˵Ȫ
Լ۱ߵˣֻúԭԪ˸˳ˮ飬ͻһרؾ
˺ԭԪֻߴķ޾ûôտҲķޣϵͳƹӸ𣿡
ϵͳػش𣺱ϵͳƷһ۳Ų˻
ˣ֪ϵͳԵֻܳѷֶش
ӵܷԻͦõģŻ̲ˡ

ԭԪƮƮڿзţһ·Сɽء
ǺĹ£ػɣȻȻķˣһʱ֪ȥĶá
ɽգͬҲһ㱻ߣľɽݽߣһԪʩչκɷľֲɵô
˼ȥҲֻȥѩͶΨһĺˡ
Ԫǿжʧܼʼ󣬶ѩӵţʿܸһߺʵ
ѩƽʱô裬Сæܲ᲻
ԭĺܺãĵѩǡ
͸Ԫչҫ£һᷢԲ۵ĲˣмΣһͷ·޷֣㱻һˡ
ǻƽȮۡ
ԭǱض޵ϮСɽȥѩǵһ·ҹͣЪһᶼҡ
ǧò׸ϵѩǵɽǡ׼ŵĶѩݡ
ѩһոսڣһ̧ͷһԲԼƮѩüһƣǹԴӣԴϵٸĺѺԭֺ
ľȣ֣ΪԪǰ
ΪԭͨԪϡ
նɱֻʣԪˣʵ·ȥͶϵ㰡ԭĨĨ۽ǲڵᡣ
ʲô
ѩݴ󾪣ȥѰλɽģҲǻһܿ䵽ˣ
ԭѽס˭֪ڶ࣬Ȼһֻ벽ɵԳҲҴˣֲ֪ʹʲôɷƽնɱǰҲˡ
컯Ūˡ
ѩĸпǲ켫ˡ
϶ûãŪ˵Ѿǳɵܱ٣ͶԼǼҵҲ˳ˣǷԼǼʮ裬ˡ
ԭһ뵽ԼḶ́ͬ˳جΣ⣺˵Щˣϵܣô꽻ķϣȥҾҪ󲻸ߣ𵤾УʵڲУǿҲԡ
ȫϢ˱˼ֻ뱣סԼԪԺԺ˵
źԭĻѩЦ𵤾ﶼܳŵˣ˼Ҫ
ύҲֻΪس裬£ͷһüֵûˡ
ѩݸܾźԭԪ񣬺ȻͷһתЦЦع𣺡ѩԭؾ˵⣬Ҫȥ鿴һͬȥ֮¡
ԭæصͷ
ԭԪſڶѩݵļͷȥѩߵѩԭ
һ޼ʵİãѩԭУһϿԶ˷ԲŵӺɢǰΪѩǸΨһһؾ
ѩݶ˷磬һϿԡϿȵںխһֻܹ˲У֪ͨ
ѩݶԼҵĵ̿νᳵ·̧ȱ˽ȥ
ԭȻѩǣǵһνѩݼҵؾ
ֻڶѩϿеһɲǣĳѸٷ˾޴仯ɽߵϿȲˣȡ֮ǿѩԭڲϵǰУһƬ˪ͱ֣׷ɵѩУżа¹󱼹˼ɾ
Ҳ䣬ԭԪ񶳵ֱ£ϵܣҪ߶Զʵ̫ˡ
ˡѩݲʣ֣Ԫ
Ҳ˵ԪץֳһԪ񣬲ŻɡȻԼȥץɢ޶ˣĻͷϵġ
ԭˡ
֪ΪΣѩݵЩʧ
ѩԭȵؾȺԭôֱܶ࣬ѩǵĴСˣںԭҪľ֮ʱһֱͷ·Ķѩͣ˽Ų
ԭضǰЩǰĻ档
ֻǵĽ³һԼʮɣԼɵľ޴ѣʱеɫŨƮŵɫ棬ɢŨصϢİ߲ħ
ܲŲٴ򶷵ĺۼѾڵĵѪѩۣвٶѵķɽɢڵأһƬǽ塣
ԭ𲻺õԤС
ϵܣôŨصħ
ѩݲδͳֱ϶ϿգչлһӵıӰǣŻչӻתſˡ
Ʒأ
ӵɤֲʧǡ
ѩݵ򵹣ŻӲΰݣ׼ʿ࣬žɣؾʩѹɳҲЩڵĵӣҲ⡣
ںӷŭǰҽմһֻԪǰ׸
ԭǵĶԻ綶ɸѩΪɣȻħȾŵӵι϶
ϵ϶һ֮ĶΪⶫŪİҰ϶һι죬ͨħͨ״򿪣ͻ޾޴ɱգԵء
ѩǷ?ιⶫħʲôôҲ뵱ˣħۣͬ
ԭ֪ԼҲ࣬ħ£ǴҵġŶѩԼ֪Ǻ⣬᲻ὫڣҪԼ׼Ļ¾״Ťͷܡ
ȻδüԶһֻĳªִ϶Ѹײڶ֮ƽԪסؽק˵С
ԭԪ񱬷һĲҽУϢʧ˺֮С
ɵԪζϧǸȱġ
۲Ʒ̾Ϣһ䣬̶ԶѩݵҪһ󣬽޴Ҫű𡣡
ǡѩݹػء
ֱеĺתȥº𣬶ѩݲǸ㱨ԭŮնɱһˡ
ŮɵɣҲǸƲ硭ҪҪȰͷ
ѩ˼һᣬǴͷ
ͷҪŵΪؾʧʱʵڲ¶ˡ

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75 
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ǿ꽣а󷨹, ǿ˸ƽ֣һֱ޷ʤ°С
һ, 귴־ʯ, Ҫͷ£ǻȥ, ֻκȻʯͣ
, ɲǼ䣬է, ǰڰƵĶѨʧ, ǲӦۣȴִʱȻ˹ž֮ɽˡ
ǻ, һ¡
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ת, ǿƽƽĻľ, ˿̲Ȼѣһнеؾ֮С
ǽĻܼ̳ؾȫĴУеʿԽеǷ켫ֻҪû, ȻѾɡ
ϧӲŵ, ʵֻ߳ɵĽ⡣
ûûҹĶսȻƣ, ̨ȴ쳣, ԺӽʽͲ֮ȥ, ԼԪӤ, ٳٶδͻƵľ, ʱԼɶļ
Ǿϲƾʵڵȵ̫ˣЩ߱ϱû뵽ɽͷѰˡ
ǵɻСɽݣʼչͻơ
ȥ߶
һΣĸµʱȻ

Сɽ˽ĵһѩѩĶҪ
ʱһ塣
żȻ侭Ľʱ͵һִӣһִӣһªķľϵȥվԱ߿˰Σֻ塣
κҲֻƤëµֶϳ¨ӣ˰ʱѷʤ
ƮѩæУԺȥ鿴
˫ļӳ£úܿ죬̶̰꣬Ѿˡ֦ϸ鵣Ļѩѹ֦ͷʱ˸͸ָ£ķѩ
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أ
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˷ܵڵϴȻЩѩûļѩԭȣܵ˾Υġů
ѩ󣬺ܿڵϸһĻѩ
ûﱧһů¯£˿ģ̽Ž쵽ǰıѩأ޵Ľŵ津ѩʱһ~
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öѩĭů¯׵ܣң
Цú̬䣬ѩ죬ֻûһ棬ʲô˼
۵ȥʾؿʼѩ򻹻
飬תͷͿԼҵֻ޴ѩ̣ѩһһȥڿлߡ
õĶ˵ĵܶһСУ԰ͶǦ¾ͻᱻҵĽų졣
ܵĶȻ׾Ƥ񣬻÷˰쾢ɵСѩϸûʲô
ܳöһֻѩΪüʱ㿪ѩֱֱس˹ÿطƿһֻǽڷ־׼ؽֻѩء
֣ѩڵأҪѩȥɽ桭
ܺͻͷϣģڣҪȥȰܣ䲻һֻѩ˼
תͷ˫ֱµ졣
Цãݣֻѩ̴޼ɵԱߵҲȼս֣һһĶս˲ķ
Ҷ˴Ĭûж÷ҪѩҪ̫ףҲʧȥ˱Ȥ
ѩ̽ľ׼ݣѩٶ죬Ҳ׼Ȼ˴ҵͬ飬ǣսķսݱԵһ
ǰͲͷס棬һ˺üѩīմȫѩһŭ֮µȻֻԭ͡
һɵıѩУβӣĬؿʼһȦȦԭشת
һʼ֪ҪʲôֱϵĻѩս¼һֱ߶ľ޴ѩ
һޱжѩ󷨾Ŀɿڴ
ǿˮ׵ѩٹͷЦЦؿǡ
¿ˮ࣬嶯
ҲˣոǼ¶ǰҵģԩͷծүûϵ
ܺһأ޹ģ
ްѩȻǵλ£˲ˣˣˣֱУܺͻö˸š
óױѩ񣬰ܵȫҲѩ򸲸ǣֻ¶˸ԲԲĴԴ
ʱһСԺǡڰԵѩϣվȣµѩѶ˶һæһԣôѩٳԴڵغš
ŻúͰܣⲻ⣺ѩ𣿡

ȵѩ˵ĻúͰܲ˵
Цس֣߷ɵָϣǵԴ˲ġ
պսΣЦʡ
ʱ䣬ʱһԣһʱ䣬Ȱദʱ仹á
һΪǰ˰ɣ
ʼ࣬ϲɣԶѪΪġ
СɽֻʼУԳ壬಻˽֮⣬ֻ޶ԼĵҪߣ¡
Ȼ˰ı֤黹е㲻ģרȥϵͳ鿴°ĺøжȣְĺøж85㣬Ȼͦߣ95øжȣǲһӣŴǡ
ӱ߾Ͼǰ·ģҪǰҲߣɽһӶûС
һ񡣡ҡͷ˵
٣еҰ޺͵ͼǴڶѨﶬߣѰҲ¡鰲ο
ҿͷߺȻ˺öബ
Ļ̴ɽͼͷͷ
ʱͷͣҹнʶĴʹֻԭǴӦĽ̶ӵˡ
Ծǣ̴󣬻һƬͱȴֻ޴«έ
ë޵«έϣضڵĿ̴ϼ񻹶ࡣ
Ǵ˵еһέɽ
Ԫȴӱ£һվͷӭָֻǧ«έҶ˵ˣ᳤ǡʲô
ǷɣǵɽΪ˰ʹķԪͬ͡
λصԴزǳصͬʱҲԴԸɢ
տʼвϢĿɿԣòǰ˹ȥūİɣıһʱ˷˵ūҲﰤܶҪʱ̵ı޳Եǿöࡣ
ԪΪ˵ԴӲūһȥͬһгдзסٲõĻʧ
̶ֻܶõĴֻޣһֻǧԴǨӵȥ̻ȡǴĴƱ
һϢ̾ǵı̻ĻͷΧˮйͨ
ŵ˴Ʊϲ񣬶ûŵƱȻĵع̻ſڣٳٲȥ¹ֻܻһŴƱΪƱ˲˶Ź¼
ɣǵɽ˵˴£־ϲΪѵ¶ĲѣԸЩ񣬶ʵ
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֪һ֮ĶɽԸЩ񣬷ɣɽԼҲʧ˷ȣҪʾʾóѿذǧ˵«έͬʱɳλС
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«έֻ˹ܣ޶ȫҴֻǰУʹúеٶֽ˲١
һԭǰܵĽ̶ӣӲϵڲŵ
Ȼǰ֪ԪҲռ԰޴ɹʱڣܸͬܡǰǣΪ¾ĵ˲ٵ׼
ֻе㳬Ԥˡ
ԴŸոͻǧ˵ĴأһӾҪ˵񣬻˭æҡ
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÷Ԫ˵ЩŶ²Ьûм˴£ÿ˵ֽ϶˶ѩ촽ϡ
᳤صģԱǿȥľ¥ЪЪţʣµ¾ͽŰա
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ǶźյִˣʱԶԶؿԴӰ¼ԣЩδ֪ʵʵطĵ䡣
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һԴͬѽ˴԰Ϊ򣬵ǸַʩһӦȫֵɾ࣬һ㶼ѷڴ󶼳ǣֻһЩ
ǱĵʶһŶӣһ¾ôַǵϡ
¡涼Ϻõ޻
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ַʵЦŵͷ촩ϰɡ
ȫţڷɣǶǽȱʣǸͱһ
£ʳˮסޡǰҲ˲éݣ̫࣬Ҫʱ֧ˡ
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76 
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Ǽᣬָмصл
ҪллǵﳤɽǶǷ¡ַʵ˵
¼, ǶϵɫѪɫ, ºһŴ¯ǰ, ʢ, ɢ㶹
Ҳ˲̣ӹڴڵؿг, ѾǲжûгԹһٱ, һ򵥵Ŵ嵭ˮ㶹ǿζ
ڶǰ, Ǵ˱, ڴʳ
, ޴㶹ѻɽСסʳи߲˹ϹһӦȫ
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Դ￪ʼж֮Ǵ󶼽Լ㶹Ĵֿ, öн, ҲΪ㶹ൽֶװ, 뵽ھ±ʣʳ
, δعӦ, 㶹ǷĹܱ
ͨɽͼ鿴ɵָǣӦǡ
£ò棬ЩԤƣһˣûеԴ򸺺ɵĳ̶ȡտʼܻʽŵľ棬񰲶ʼֻᱻɱ
ϾСɽ˫ɲǰ裬ڶũҲûֹͣ
ὫЩ񰲶ٺãȷ͹صɽͼ
Ǵ˰ԭζѩĲΪ֪ѩ̣˷ܵرʾҲ롣
ǣһֵĴѩ̿ʼˣСɽһƬЦ

մɽ콥谵
æתڸҹɫǰЩͨͨ
ºʳﶼҹãéݾԲˣ󲿷񱻰Χסʱڡ
ľڴУƳϷľͰľͰװŶõ㶹࣬һƳһľͰ൱ĲͳÿһƬǰͻͣ£ľͰǣǴȡ
ÿﶼ񣬴ҶȥŶֻ࣬һƤڣݵƵͯ˯ڽ䡣
ޱ˯ˣˣٲȥһûóˡ
ʶͯ徭Ľ
糿Ե㶹Ѿòֻ࣬Ҫ˯˾͸оˣԼʱһôġ
һܳһٱѾˣû뵽һ컹ٷԴܣзԵĺ޻˲
ľͰװŵ㶹࣬ǽ޴㶹п飬ףһŨĽ࣬žͺˣǳżɷΪʵΪˮʳʵûȡ
ʢרŸʢһ롣
ֽӹ֮ʱȻұ۴һϤ;ʹҵزЩ򷭣ʢæַһѡ
СĵãˡΪ̫һ䡣
ҧʹ࣬һ·첽߻
ȼůǴźʵ¾ԣůθ㶹࣬Ļ⺮Ķҹһյյϣơ
֮ǰȻзԪı֤ȣǵûۼԴǿůͬҰ㱻ϵӣֱڣ´סǲȷԼһؽˡ
һߺ࣬һ໥졣
ԺĲٰ𣿡
˵ֻҪͶͲ
һȥ֯ﷻ
һͷҹιɸɾˡ
һ۽ӣû֮ǰ￪ǼӣԶŲ϶ء
ʲôᣬô졭
ģʲô¶ûУȥˢҹҲ׬ġһˣȤػص
λ޸пʵɽתԸЩ޼ҿɹˣǶҪΪףŲɽĶ顭
˵ǡ
û
˷׷Ӧ͡
طÿͶݶֵ+10
طÿͺ޶ֵ+10
طÿɽֵ+10

ʱѺһЪ£˯Уֵ֪˼

̶ӴоΪ񣬵ڶձ뿪Դ
ļգҪǽ㹻éݡ
֯ҽéѾĵˣӷľͣٵиľģػһˮߡ
ľ¥ҪаǵһͣϾҪӦ˳Էһ׮䷱صľ¥æٻ˼ңó¯æ㶹
ÿնмʮͰ㶹Ӿ¥ߣͬʱ¸޳𷢷ʳṩʳȥࡣ
ÿÿ첻Ҫ𴲣æҶѾҹˡҵǱĻҪ磬ŹǷǰʱоֻʣϺˡ
鿴޾ɵԷʱʱصͷ˫̫Ѩ
½㣬ǲﲻĵʡ
̧ͷЦЦûʲôоͷе
ѩúܣ׸Ⱦ纮Ҳ˵еͷȣһȥƣץҩȡǹĵ˵
˴εУ൱һ˶˺صĶˣеɼһֱûҽΣ⼸նﲡæòӰ
鷳磬һͷԼ㽪Ⱦͺˡ
һµĿǣ򵥵غ࣬˼š
ôôɣȾ˷纮
ʶòԾһ߰ŷһߴɽͼлۼעǵ״
ڣרעظһ˫˶ϲҩ
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ҩ⼸˲ٻж˵ϲĽǺںĶ׵òŵأҪȥֻ˫Ŷסˡ
ϲϸطҩɴãתľˮʱͻȻһҴܹ˵һСӣǰ컹úõģպȻͻԲˣȥơ
˵֣ҩ͸λȥˡ˵һڶһԶ˰ʱ䣬ŴҴҸϵ
ÿӣֻһԼ߰ͯƽڲݵϣͷҵȫǶ麹˫۽գ߽ﲻϣʡ
Ķͷ֣ʵ⺢ӵķɫ̫ڣƽˣȵ̶ȣͨѪˡ
֣ͯһŴصüͯʮ֣ͨķ纮
ɻʲô֢״
ѯΧͺ˯ͬһΧﲡǡ
Ƿ׷ҡͷ
Ƕû̫ע⣬ҲƽʱȽ̰˯һЩôѣŷԾġ
ûеõЧϢתͯȫһֵĵطΪշȣͯȥˣֻų£Ȼ첲ӽԱȥ¶ĸ첲ȣֻһҸ첲ǵʵʵ
̧ұۣڣʱһƬĿĵĺˮݱ¶˿У沼ָۣӳѪ
ɫһ䡣
Χ۵Ҳһ
һŵʣ򣬺ôˣ֡
룬ǽʵ棺˷纮ǸȾߡ
һ䣬ʱը˹
ʲôߣ޵ߣ
һֱúõģôͻȻߣ
Ǽôԭס½ҴǻߣӾһ
ˣⲡҪᴫȾǸͬһ˯ôã᲻ѾȾ˰
˵ôͷ۷ȣһΪǸȾ˷纮һ񼱵ö޳ˣͨһ
ҽʦˣҪȾǰǺòҵһźӣһ
ɽͼĳȥеµһĻ鵱ѻȻ󽫻滺Ŵ
ֱǲҲ̶õұռеĻ棬ʳȫͬʱǸõĲ²Ҳӡ֤ˡ
ϵͳʱʾӵһͻߡ
һв˸Ⱦ˿µ߲֪ɢ޵ʱڿסɢ飬лľʱѵ˸Ⱦ߲߲ˣΪʧܡ
ĿǰظȾ756ˡʵʱͳƣУ
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77 
ϵͳʾʱһ⡣
쳣Ԥе, ˴˸Ⱦʱߣû뵽Ȼߡ
Ⱦʺʶ, Ѫ֢, ߲ɢʮҾŲ, Ž, һҲţҪ군
ߵĴ;Ҫ, һΪý, ֮䴫ͨȾߵķĭҺ, ͨӴȾߵѪҺ
ԴＸû, һԺ, ֻҪעⲻȾߵ˿ڽӴѪҺļҲܵͣͷ۵ľǷĭȾ
ǾסΪ˷Ǵһÿļ, ÿﶼͬסȺܼ, Ҳѹ̶̼գȾʹﵽ߰ٶˡ
ָ, Ҫ, ϽԲ߲, ÿһ, ζſµľ񱻸Ⱦ

Ӷ¹, ȰοǼ䣬ʱţǧٲҪȥ߶˽ӴҴ뿪
̤֮ʱͳϵڿڱ֮ϣΧ˱Űȫ롣
ʱû⣬뿪ʱŷ϶ŲĺΣѳ˵ԵƸȾĳ֢״
ڵѾֹۣһչ޷ƣǽ֣֮øϽ¸߸ײС
ȻʶһҵڸǷַʵʱʱʱڱǿԣʱ˰ء
Ҳ
磬ôˣ㲻ڸǿ˲𣿻ϣö˶˵ϵʲôӰ
ƾκţһ۾ϳŰ磬߾ֱɷ˵ظ
Σɿһҷв˸ȾߣһΪҲãȾֻͨ纮
üëС˵ʲôֻӶҲߡ
Ȼ䣬һͳͷǴԼﴫġ뵽ʲôæͳһֻɽľ
ɽֻнʱ򣬲Żôľֹľ㷵һ䣺ɽ
ľõӦһǵߵͷ󲻵ã㼴̰ձķԸȥ
ԭߣ
֮£æ䣬һҲ©£ϸķԸμסǣǣȥš
ǵŻ磿
һ㶣û뵽ɽҲ֪֣æӦڡ
ҽа
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ҩ뵣ģȱʲôܸ߱񡣡
ػƣ֣ϲݣ󶬣é
絹Ҳһʮֵҩ
Ӧж˺Ĵܵϵͳ̳ǡ
֪һһ
ϵͳʾ˽ʮֵҲ˵⼸գһ˾˶ʮ㡣
ǮĹģ̳Ҳ㡣ߣҩȹؼ֣ĳƷߺͼ۸񣬲ӵϻ
һŰٷְߵĵȻߴʮֵһ߸Ⱦߵҩ裬ۼһǧһţҪõҩֱȾ߰ٶλ˵Ҫȥʮ
һƷʱߵҩΪʲôô󣿡
ϵͳĶ۱ʾɡ
ϵͳĲǵ׫дⵤˣ㿴ⷽӵĽβ
ǰҩͶӰתŴ£ȻҩĽβһ˳ɾ
ϵͳɾһޣڵ֮ʱųŵ츣䣬ʧŵ䷽һ˿ɾԵĵãаʹһ;Ϊɵ

ʲôΪһ㶼ģֻҪ䷽
ֱӹصϵͳĳ嶯ϵͳ̳Ǿһߵ⣬Լ׬ȡֵҪĶԶ
ֻܼϣƽҽˣԸǹŷЧ
ȥҪЩҩģţͷЩ̫Ծˡ
ֺͰ֣ͬһֲȻЧȻͬϡȶǲġϵͳ̳ۼֻҪ20ֵһҪĳȴҪ200һ
Ϊʲô⼸ζҩıҩĵļ۸ʮ
ϵͳŶЩǻг

гɲָԼ
ҪҩĲ٣Ҳһʾ˵
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ͷһתƷҩģԼ˰ɡ
̶ȥЩҩĵӣϵͳеģ˳Ʒҩĵļ۸ҩӵļ۸ûб仯
εʱ£˫Ȫӳ£²ֵҩֻҪ¾ܳ죬ü

ķԸԶӵĿտһһ
żȫװסɢϢ֪˴ңͬʱѾֺ˸гƺ֢״ˣǰڵȴκ;߲йнӴδֳ֢״ȥס
ϢһǵĿֻš
ţߣҪĲ
ʲôط
˵ݳߣ˵ǽòͳһ룬ʵǰǴû˵ĵطһӰѲȫˡ
Ҳ˵ʬ嶼ȫٻʣ
ߵǱں̣ܶһֻ죬ڶɽ֮ʱѴȾ˲ͬյЩڱȾѾʼ˲֢
ǸտʼΪֻͨ纮ŲأƤҲһðѪʱ֪ԼʵõߺоһʱҲվܸ޼
߲ܰȥͻˣҪȥ˸ֻ֪ôġ
Щ˵߲ΣǳضԴߵ򵥴ֱͳһεĵطջǳԴ򣬻Ҳ
ֻóҵͣҷģѲǨƵֻΪ˷ֹɢͳһɽѾҩӣձջ㹻ĲҩƳܹ߲ҩԴ򲻻κһˡ
ʱڣҪһϣͬʱִоٱĴʩ˭ɹٱһȾ߲ˣֵܷʮʳ֪Ⱦ߲ȴߣһأϢ
˻һգصĸȾ߱Ⱥǽҷ˳ǵΪʮʳΪԼ
ЩƸȾ߶ȥ˰ȷȥ˸
жǷߵķҲܼ򵥣ͷȣͨ纮ŻѪԡѪ֢״ɡ
Ҳʱļ񣬵һһˣÿһֻȼŲͰҶѬ¯ɢζ
֯ﷻҹƳԹڶ鲼֣ӦĲˣҲרίϰ˼˫ס
ؽӴޣȻСĵûд޵˿ڣ᲻ᱻȾ£˭Ҳ˵׼ֻܿˡ
Ϊ˷ﲡס˸Եİڡ
û뵽ǣĹ۲ڹȥûֳ֢ǼȾߡ
˴ΣܸȾĲ񣬻м𷢷ʳΪʳǴ򽻵ȻȻؾͱȾˡ
Ҷ˳ԷʱǴϳǿûбȾļ͸˵ͲỼַ˵ļ
ΪԵʣҲòڼҽΪҸ롣
Դжڽܹĵչ
ΪȱҩģֻҽеһЩҩģһЩܹʱֹ߲񻯣ʹҩһЩ֢߷¡
ʱ̴壬۲ȾļգȾĵٶģȵƲ½ס󣬸ȾԽ̶921ˣѾδ
˵еĸȾ߶˸ûһ©֮㡣
һϢŷѾЧڲ£ĸȾߡ
ʣµľҪܷ񽫲ˡ
ǵãˣҲʧܡ
ֹգҩڳ졣
ƬĲҩո¨ȥҽݡ
ƾż䣬Ǳżдҩȫҩҩȫֻһ֣֮ҲڣƳ˵һҩ
ûаͷҩӼҸȥֱȥ˸
ʱĸһƬԴĽŻĶƤⸯõϢڿӣͰҶյѬǿѹЩζԵûôѹ֣ʱ˿̣Ⱦȫҩһ
羶ֱȥ޵ǰⳡߵԴͷҲΪء
ʱƶϣ޵Ǳڲ֪Ϊر𳤣һ¡
²Ǹ˵йأǿһ㣬ᱻȾȻڳԲƤǣ鶣ҧĵطٳ޷϶ãշڵĲ
޵Ѿ˰֮ãֻܸտιʳ΢ƺʱڻȥ
׵֣һͣһְҩȥ
л˵


78 
󲿷ֵҩ֭ι˺޵Ŀ, غɫҩ֭£˲죬Ҵ, һֱغڴԹ۲޵ҩӦ
һ, һֱضȻԵĺ޺Ȼʼȫðշת, ƺܵģ, ֹ˰ʱ͵˫, ƴŻ, Ѹպȵҩȫ˳
Ż֮Ƥ, ˯˹ȥ
üͷ, ŻǺ֢״֮һ, ҪҩιȥⲡôΣ
صҽУ˼һ뵽һ취ҩҩ, һڷ£Ӧñ㲻Żˡ
ҩĻҩ, ҩҩҪٵĸĺ͵統ֿʼҩ, ûк, ζҩ, ɹԭҩҩ衣
糾͵ҩ, ٶȻص޵, ҩУ̧°ͣһ޽ҩȥ
һΣû¡
ҩ֮󣬺޵˯˰࣬ţʼ˵λˡ
ٺ˻Ȼ΢ôסˡ˵߽˵ʶܱȻ˯ҪǿûгκεĲӦ
ҩܷȫ߲ü֪ڻȻȲˣڣкܶ鶼ѿʼ񻯣ҩЧΣֻҪûвӦֻҽ˵
ҽݵİ﹤Щʱոѧ˲ҩ֪ʶ䷽ҩһһĥһ޹޵ɱ˷۵˹ڰ罫ҩۺͷۻϽ裬ֳһſų͵ҩ裬ȥ˸
αȾԭסʮңͬʱҲյҽҩ衣
⼸նסڼʱʰĿⷿ֪ǲǰʳùĸ֥ԵʣĲ֢΢ֻЩͷǣҲûгѪʱڱ˯ú㡣
ҽݵ˰װҩСƿԺſڣϽŰҩˮȥĴ̨ߣҩ
˷۵ҩ貢࣬ˮ£չ˰յʱ䣬ͷð麹ϵĺ쳱ȥࡣ
ſڴԣʣ½㣬оô
о࣬Ѿˡ͵
ⷽӾô飿
úϢ麰
ҽҩƿܹҩ裬˯֮ڴ򿪿һۣʣµ۴ҩϾȻһ˿΢ɼ
죬ŵҩô
ѵˣƳָĵҩ
ܰǰż磬һ㶼ûĲǰҾո㣬ҲŰɡ
ҩעǾҩݱ
ɽͼѾͷǰտѵƬҩĿӹƬҩһҩзĺۼ
СɽֲֲȪȣͨũõѰɽȪˮΪҩЩ죬鶯Ȫӿ̡
ˣֲͨȪȺһļɱֲġ
ҩֵһζҩҩĴ֣ĸҩԾ㱻ոȥʣµĻ֦ѻһԣһ۾˳
ϧǣոҩݵ񲢲ϵֲû֡
֡飺ͨҩֲ仨ܾһԣҩ¶ߣѪѪȲ֢Ч
ʲôһմ˸֣ٲѰı׼ȥҩ䲻ҩļ𣬵ΪһζֲЧԶʢͨĵҩ
ϵͳҩ̳ҩȣЧΣ
ϵͳԶˡ
ϵͳҩȻ߲ߣ֢Ч
ϵͳΪ֤Լ˵ʵԣԶɽͼĻл˺޵С
뿪󣬺һֱƽȵĺȻüڴڵشͬһ㣬̶̼ϢڣڱǽԿʼðںѪۿΣڵϦ
ϵͳϵͳƼ̳ǳƷ裬һȥԳһǧֵ˳ԿҲϵ
ҧ˵ˣ
˵ߣЩԣϣһ˶ͬһǧֵСһֵмۣ޼ۡ
һǧֵ۳ƾճһҩ裬ƽƽ棬ƵҲûɶ
鵣ĺ޵״ֱӴ͵˸
ҹˮһƬš
޵УҩιȥȻĺʵûˣֻܰҩ飬޵ҺЩҩ
˺޵ڸ߶ţԣȫĵطˣͼʱҩ񣬼û˻żм͸㿿൱360ǵļɽͼʱرܿ
ͺ޲ͬصĲ˻кܶ࣬ȥЩ˵񣬰Լһһһι¡
ڶ
ѲǵĲ顣
ҩЧԤƣЩ֢״Ĳڷ֮̾գʱΧ졣
סŲ˲۾ΪԼˣϵӡ˽ˣǸסͬһ˵ԼźӣȾԼλ
Ĳ鲢ںޣѪ鲼ȫ˿̣ϵĺȫͷҲغãͬûһ㡣¾죬ҩЧٺãҲһҹ֮ͼӰ
˵иȹŮָιҩι֮Ĳ̾ͺˣһ񲻿ŵذθһ䡣
˷ͷʱ̫ˣģģֻܿǸŮӡ
˵Ůòɽɡ
ɱţˣҿպͿˣʵξֲɽԸιҩζû
Ҳˣμ˾ɫ¹¹͸һŹӣҳ֮󣬽Ҳȫˡһ˴ǻ
Σۿġ
ڱ粵ţȻȻ˵ĻʱԱߵһӱÿСĺ˳
ޣ˳֣˵ⲡզõģҹʲô
Դֻ֪˯һʲô֪
޵ˣյ֪µ·ˣ
޺˵˵Ĳ飬飬ϲһŵҩʹȬ
һɽɵЩ˸˻
¸̾ʲôʱɽһ㣬ӵֻشҽ
ֵ+10
ֵı䶯̼û˲ϢϵͳС
ȫ֪еȻһĪҽ֣͸Сҩľūȥ̺ۣٵڣԽظٹ̡

鿿һϵͳ裬һٶλ֢񣬼ûȵǶʮֵһգʣ֢ˣҲҽ£սת
ÿնһָӸ߲ǵͷɢȥڸȾһʱԴͻָյתȬص˾¥Ϊÿյʳ
ڣڷߵĵڶʮգиȾȫ㡣
ϵͳϲߡ
ϵͳڴ˴߲ȥϵͳжɫ񣬶⽱*1
ϵͳϲ˾ֵ50㣬۽ɽ񡣡
ϵͳڳһ˵ƣڶרɽ񡣡
۽˽˶ƵĹܣ
óɴϣڳһ¶˿ݵı׼΢ЦȻЩɵ룬ʳָʹĴָ°ʹ˸İˡ
ϵͳɽѵɣѡڷλá
۵λãҪͷĺˡ
ɽͼĵλһ㡣
ʱ˿̣Դڡ
ǶΪ߶ֵκδǳضп̸֣֮ɫĺôڲ֪䣬赭дرˡ
صǣûһ˶
ţɽڣʲô¡
Ȼ䣬ط΢Ĳϵƿֵѭȥֻ޴ʯ·ĳٻ˷ɽͷƮ̩ɽѹƶѻĵĿյϣգۼһԼɵ
ɽһŴɽ֮ݺٵÿؾ񿴵񣬾ͻΪķṦΰ
۸ԣʹ·طÿͶԴ˲Ȥסصļʣоֵ+5
ɺ󼸺ɽߣΧУһƼ
˵Ƿ׷ŵ׷ӵǰΧ۲ΰݡ
øߵ񰡣
̵ɽ𣿡
ɽüۺƯϧɴûһ÷ˡ
Ϊĺΰ̾ͬʱҲϧ
ϵͳƷ̵üΪɽ͵ľͷ񣬼ֱ֮
Ųɴֻܴ˫ԵüУòһͬʱǱһҲǵĺġ
˵ɽʲô˼
ˣܾɽӦڴĳָûᡣ
վŵһ߱˸֣ͬһ˰˰ˡ
һͷˮ̣Ǻ⣿
Ƿư㿴ôԲ̶ӶƼ˭ԶԶôߵĵ񲻶棬һ⣬ɲͲԴô
룺ԭˡ
л˵
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79 
šߡ, ؾ˾ֵθߵ50ֵͬɽǵ˰ʮ
ԽԽ, ֵеͶ, Ǹ߷ո߻ر֣ǶԼʵ, ϲΰ, ϵͳ屻ջֵϢˢǰΪȥĶʮƺҲʲôˡ
Ȼ, һؾֻṩ100ֵ, ֵԽԽԤеԺĶʱ, ֻû׬˺ֵˡ
ϡ, һһҪסԼ˫֣úһ, Բһ
ϵͳΪɫӵһγȡߵĻᣬǷʹã
ϵͳ϶ȻֳһʺŵĹš
ֵ˿Ʒʱˡ
רͳһСƿȪ˫ϸϴһ飬ʹһһָ, ᴥǹһ¡
ֻϻƵĹâʧһſհ׵Ŀơ
ϵͳϲõߣʾ
ʾǷΪҲĳһĪչ, Ŵ˿ʳ⣬ԸӦʾԵ, ʹһΣ
߿Żʵõ, ϵͳ̳ҲûƵĵ, ֻгɫ, мʳ鵽⽱
, δɵֻСš̫͡ɽʱòʾ㽫ս˴
̫ɽϵͳȥֵѴ꣬ľֻʣ˿ˡ
ؾطÿͺѾסߵڣطÿ;ԣȻҲֵ˿ڡ
ڷÿԸµǰ£ÿͱΪ˿ڵķһǸ׼סڴ˰仧
ЩʱȻǲģ˿ʵ̫ܼΪٶȳĴȾǽԴҪǰéݡ
ǰߵ˰µʱ䣬ȥéݵĽٶԲ⡣ԭũ߲㣬ӵȴޣéݵĽ軺
ҧҧǲ齭͵Ǽӵ˪óũߡ
ЩʯҲǷţóˡ
ʯϡУǰװ͸ֻʱóӦ˪ÿһũ߶ӦıţǼڲᣬȵԺ˱˵ٽЩũϵĿʯջء
˪ũ߷ޱȣľͷ翳˿˳ֵĹߣǵĹЧʴߡ
ڸڳϦ죬㹻Ǿסľݲݷ
ɽͼϣһеé㣬Դסլפ
ϵͳ˿12879ˡ
ϵͳе˿Ѵһǧˣ뿪3ؽʣǧ˿ڣٽ

Ϧ֮ҹ
еʽΪԴľŴֵϴֵıڷ絲éкһůࡣĴŵƽʣɽ°һȦʵҰ̨
Ҽһɨͥᣬӭ£СԺҲ⣬ŹϲΧУһ̰װֵĽӰϷ
ڶײҰ⣬ϺʣڶƤڴ󣬴֭˽ƤԼ״׺࣬һҧȥ
ﻹڸճһȥɽƷʲôڶĽӣ᷹ϵѾ
ԵչĹģƶ˵װڶģڶóԣɽ϶Ҳԡ
СԻʳƷζãǾͶʡ
ա
һȥɽ㡣
ɽʱȻǰݵǡ˶Ŷ㡣˵˰ʱŸŲ˴ڡ
ƷѾൽƷڲ£еĽ䶼һĲʳУЩԼĸʳȻأ
ŵǰǰȼ㣬ٹϣ˫ֺʮԸ
ϡȺ߳һ
磬ʲôԸȻôáЩʡ
˵
ҲǣԸ˵Ͳˣ뵽ʲô̾ϧֶӣȻҲԸ
һΣȻҹӳԶˣǰɽʳϺȡ
ʱ˿̣ǿгԳ˵СԺһ̿¯ӣͬһ̻
棬öԱϣڵϣվߣ˫۾ĿƵضŹǺ޵ķס
ζ¿ˮʲôʱܿ԰
˿ˣˮܳˡ
鳯׶һСĿط̿յøЩ
͸͸Ľ֣ɿĹƷڵڵĽ䣬һ죬ڶ๩Ʒֻ۵ʧС
һ̵ĽӴóݸޣȳԵӵ棬ýӿɺó
Ϧ⼸죬ȥɽݵر࣬ջһѹƷͬʱҲջһԸ
Ը̫֣͸ʱصˣʱһǰܴ򿪣ǵԸ
ԸʮﳤݣϣǵԽԽáԸģﻻ߲Ǽ죬ϣЩﰲȻ£Եһм֮顣
Ըܶ࿪ҽݣԼʵ̫æˣæҲûʲôԸԸµһ꣬˵念ƽ˳졣
ʣ
һ䣬ϵͳ͸ǹ
ӵԸѰҰ񡣡
СŮ°ߣҿûҵ񡣡
ֵ+100
ѶȽϸߣûʱơ
ûзѰҰ񡭡ϵͳȻᷢǱ˵Ļ
пӣ˼
ҲԲסôãһֱΪʲô֪˶˽ϣͰ£ôһļ档
ѶȺͽԲԵȣǸֺõһٵֵӵеĴʮֵȣǾţһëȻ黹Ǿ
İСһӦöܿİɡ
ǰʧôãңԶĶ°ߵģһûУôҰ
ȵȣȻ뵽ǲŻһʾô
ͳſհ׵ĿƬĬ֪ڵȷλá
˰죬ʾһƬհס
кϵͳʾBUGôôûӦ
ϵͳʾҵĿͬһ棬ʾûлӦֻ˵ڷ硣
˼ܹͷ죬ħ磬ڷ˼ǣ磿
þİ°ߺⱻĳλĸȣ˴ȥ磿
ȻһĿǣѾħ
ϵͳʾѾյʣֻҪĿ磬ȥĽУϾͻֳλá
Ϊ·ǵĻע
ˣˮˣԳ
鷽ŷָǵĽӣ˲ͱøɾǿڴһţһξܵȥһ̵̡Ľӣֻܸǵǰˡ
Ѿʼཹཱུðݣ½ȥĸӺͲҶƯͲòУʶצӵȥİײҶӣر̵ˡ
غ̺̣
ۺᣬ̺צֱ
Ķסһëˡ
ҪÿӳԣȻҲС
鴩ԽǰϼйԻϰףڴһҲһΰ෢
˿̺צӣܷʺƣ׵ᣬ񲻹ÿӻӶе㲻ʵʡ
ҪҰǼв˰ɡ
հѿȻ䣬顱һһֻɫҽǰ
ͬʱһԣڿշ𣬻ҲýֻаܷӦһʺķ֭ʱйع
һãȻգۣί⣺أ
ҵĻ
ҲһۣæÿӼгֻĲ֮һֻ֭ĳЬӡ
ʲôϵЬ
̧ͷȥֻڰƺ֮䣬ʱʱŵ⽣Ӱʿòɿ
л˵
ͲдҳˣŲ£ƽ


80 
ǰһƬǽ, ױϣǽһľɥϧ
Ļûüһڡ
ಡ
ǰѵķɽ, Ľűߡ
̫Ѩֱ, Щʿܵĵ̴ܣǿ
ǲЬHͳ, ñβ, ֤Сͷʿ֪嶯֮°˴, ա
֮, һȺµʿһȺɫ۵ʿ˴һ𣬸ַѤķǰķ, ĿϾӡ
ڽսʿϿ, ˫һ, ·ӪĽָӣڷɽ֮ϣң
µʿ䱻紵죬ԷΪ׵Ļʿģ㻹Ѷ, Ҫ³˺
ʿɫµ治֪Ҫʲô, ˮں޹ղ޴ڣͱ˷Ҫ, , αѰĪеͷ
װˣǰʿ޵ҧг, , ˭֪ܲƿ, ˮڵĽأȡµı
ʿü壺ҴδȥŵĽأ˵Ҫıкã
ʿһ㣬´͵ģľѲϡ
λΪ׵ʿ˵·ڴܵСʿһ
һĻʿһߴżܣһ߳ɤӺޣȱҲȥ͵㵱ǸǸǻҺУ͸СүݽŶҪ
棬ǻˣʿŭһ䣬һƵˮڼεˮڿл̬һëƵˮ룬ֱʿϴȥ
ʿһҵĻ೯ʿʿλȻʿˮ֮ǰۼͷγһ»ɵĶƣ̼Щˮ
ʱһֱΪĻʿɤҲȾ⣺ޣôڣһ֮Ȼµӣ浱޹ӣ
ΣˮںĲݣ
ڵʿ˰죬ͬһʱ䣬֡
ƫһһˮʲôˮ쾡£ʿĻ򣬱ʿٳľ˰ڳŨŨİʿĵˮڻʿûĻ޻¾𿪡
λڵʿ֣ɵĶȫɴܣ˲·սСǣλСʿڶ˵ͬʱֻУӷɽ׹
ʱ÷ɵսϣ˳ַط׹ʿлƶˡ
ס֣ˣ
ŭɤȻ˫ţ˲ûڵС
̧ĹˣƼһһӣǵΪߣȻʿͷ
߷ֵʿı󣬾콫˦һԣҲͬʱɵ˻ʿָ࣬佫۵Ļ
ĵ֣ͣҲ
Űʿͷظһ顣
亹ֱ֪ŮôͻȻģոûоסԼ죬ǸԼһ
ס֣
ݶ·սĵǴ
ҶǾȵشȻһָͽԼĳɢʿúܣȻΪ
ͣ֡
ҶҲµǺ
սʿüңҲʱ̹עλĶϾֻǳ䵱ȷСϺףλ˭Ӯ˭䣬žⳡսֵս
ʿϼ켸ҹĶУǶ˴ս׼ʱսͻȻһһŮİʿ赭дؾͽǵˡ
²ͬʱֹͣ֡
ϵͳӵһ˭˭
ϿڽսĲ֮ͣѡһһء
ʾΪ񡣡
δ֪
ޱɨĹޣ⣬ʵ˭Ь
ҵġ
һŻµСʿ֣۷ɨСʿʱӣæָԵİСʿҴġ
ͣһһֻմŷ֭ĲЬСʿȥƫе˺ϡСʿҵñʹ±ѪұԹһűӣһЬá
ûطҵĵ̣Ҫܹȥĵض
ҺãǴʱɽȻҪľǸûꡣ
ĻҶй¿ȥ
ԭŵһֱϷǰУ·ˮڵ׷仰ͶǾʹûע⵽ǴʱѾ˸ȫµĵؽ磬·ƬȻһ
Ů޽¿տգƾշУȻȻңҶæҾ
޹Ҷɽǲ֪˵̣еɽˡﺣ
˻֪񡭡
ͷ
䣬ǰʿ̷߷߲ƽظ˵ɽĪҪòȻģƭ͵ŵʥϣʵ˵֮ܣ
Ƕ˵ִԲСʿĻ鶼ˣüëһ˵͵ĹǻҺУ֤𣿡
Ƥ˳飬ûסǱ
ȻȷװĹǻûˣҲһ·׷ˡǵĿ󣬵Ǹж书£ĹǻұװһɸĵرɵıУŵʥˮڵҫƾõĴС
ⶫҲ޲л
Ҫ֤ҵȷûСݽŵڵĽأؽ磬мԪӤڵʿܡ˵Ϊ֮ϣܽߡѩڽţһŵѱչãֻҶʵʥߡ
ңΪɺϵǣ޹ѩڰ꣬ȴպʥﶪʧ֮ʱȻҪЯڵ뿪ѩǣ˵ҪѰؿɡΪκȻö˶˵뿪ⲻҪЯӣ
Խ˵ԽƶŭҪ⣬ֻҪҶ
ѡ뿪ѩǣԭ򣬵Եɻδ֤ʵҲ˵Ҷƺʲô֮̾
кβ˵ģ֮ʣ
Ҷıտڲ̸ڶͱ飬ģԵģû͵ʥվˣ
ԽԽùŹ֣Ҷ͵ʲô͵ҹǻҺиʲôǶش󣬵ڱ˵װڱװڽҲһǻҺа
ˮҪʵ˼ͬҲһ֮ҪڶǰõΪһûģ˼ҵӻҪҪˣ
鵱;򣬲ΪΪλ֪˳ۡ
ҶǰԶݵҲʲôԹĵ뿪ҵĵ̣ڣ̣ϡ
أָָҶˡ
˵ֻ㡣
ƫ̻֮Ѿˡ
ҧʣҶͷڹ꣬ȥĵؽ򣡡
ҶԸӦ
ԽԽԽϧǴʿɾͲһһʹ䣬
ʵǱݱƵΣɽƾɶ
ʱѾײͷˣ߬˹ޣû꣬ߣҪҶ֣
ݵǲʵŭһɵðìܶ顣
ɽ㵱Ҫ̻ˣʥﲻҵǾ֣ܰοˮҲɽţ£ҪǺ
ۣв
Ϊûϻ鷳ƣҪƽױвһ٣ֲûƢ˶ݵЩһ仯ǴԲѵİʿ
ǵ绹죬ݶʱͱУϼ̷һǿҵİ׹⣬סΡ
ü˵⻰ʱֿǹ
һϢ֮󣬰׹ɢȥֻɽ֮ϵĶʧȡ֮һֻ˸Ĵܡ
ſ죬һɡ
ŷӦͷŵؿԼ象
ˮڵĵǴʧɫ


81 

ˮڵСǷ׷ɵݵ, ɴ˫ۣԸǰֳֻܣɷǵ
ݵ洫̽ԵƤ, һֶĵҺ, ̲סʹ޳ô⸱ģˡ
֮ܵ, ΧסԼĵ, ղѣ޲Ҹطȥ
, ʲôÿģ
ֹֽ, ֪ǾֻǷŭ
Ȼɽȥ仯ɾ˵
仯֮ʱ, Ժĳĵһǽ̻ļ
ʵ̫, еһƴ
޷֮ͱһֻϳĪ, ˮڵĸٳ׶洫һ˿ܵһȣڶ·ǧɽ⣬˲ʧߡ
ϵͳϲ˭˭, ޹ںøж+50Ҷĸֵ+30, ˮںøж-50
øжʲôãǸʵڵĽ
鿴¡һ, ת, պӭ޹ڵӻм, Ŀ⡣
һ, 𷽲Ŷ˵뿪ѩ, ΪѰؿɡ
Ҫܰŵ񲻾ˣ
һԵ޹ҶˣȫȻû뵽λɽ￴ƢǸң־ͰѶݱܡ
ˮھ˰죬˿̼ˮ˻ߣҲޱȵˬ죬ĵǶҲǱͷԣȻ˿ڳѷֻǽСʹܣҲɽˡ
Ҷǰлߡ˫ٵĿĵǣ·ڿһı
ᳶӵڣԸ˼ʲô޼̶߹ԶָվһսɽͷЪϢһ
ڴ֮ǰѾգҶٵѾˣûи˵ĵҲһƣۣµͷлûƾܡ
ɽﲻ𣬻ÿͣǲԾ񡭡
һĴ

˵޹ڵӱԴľ¥ĵеιţ˳Դرķ顣
Դǵһμô𽣵ʿǣ޸ͷڣӢ˲Ů޵ȹƮƮףһķ羰ߡ
޹ԺЪϢ
Լɽݻкüֻڣ̸ýŰľСԺλúһ룬ܷơ
ҶһһҵϣмһŲҶΣŵð
æȥ裬ԱߵĲϣǰǼ趼˽̶ǰߣֻʣôһСˣƽʱҲȣдˡ
鵭Цѣοĭ͵ؾн
ǡ
Ҷ֪ɽΪҪȲ裬еܳæùѣģͬʱشŸǶ˲ˮ
˵Ϊ࣬Ҷԭǰֹȫûʿ˵ľηɽԺԼȲ裬ض˹ϵʮ׽
Ҷºز²⣬֪ɽĵӣǡֹϵ
ʿŮ֮±ȷ˿øΪ˾磬ȻҪ˫ˣܻ
ѩǵλ˵ŷŮƳȦϷɽζѲɡ
Ҷ˲һѲɣɽȲ裬ǿµλӣ
Ҷʱʼ˼άɢ
Ĵòƽƽɽϣӳһ˵ʵͱȹɽƷζҲôĵӳΪӢѾ쳤ϵĹŮѽ
ֱ²ˮ뿪ãҶԼYYУһ˼
˰Ĳ裬ֵʣôȣ
ҶŻȻѣȵһʱ񡭡
ҿеĲǣʱɢһƢ˼ѵĲ㣬Ųǳ̵Ĳˮȣǹľ𣿡
ϵҶʡ
ȻҶܰʿٻָѩǣѩ
ҶȻ뵽ʲôȻֹ
Щ棬ˮ˵Ϊκö˶˵ػ뿪أ
ҪЩʿţҪǵǶ˵ǺȻ뿪أۻĻҵҪѰڵأΪʵڷ
κֻĻҳһ㡣
˵ҷ˼ֻ˵ɽҲš
Ҷ̾˿ЦڶһкһΡ
㾡˵ǣŲţжϡ
û˵ʲôֻҪ˵Ҿšĳ滰Ҷ̤ʵ˼֡
ûʵ߶ݣΪ֪ԷƢԣݱΪʧʥǨŭԼز˵ĻܻΪѡͬһ뿪ڵء
ˮڻصѩǣµЦ㴫ֻĻˡ
ܱһˣѩǰ˸ӴţҶԼҲûҪˣڵ»ôӴǰ˵𡭡
ѩǵıһΪѩԭȵĵطһؾڡؾʱŵʷƾãرʧĴУÿ£Ŷµӽȥ
ؾȻҲգʿҲбķϳɶӽУֻżе䣬Ҳల¡
ѩԭȡ֣ĪϤУһʱ벻ûдҶ
ֱǰҵȷǰؾĵǾѳһδؾǺͱѩԭһĿຮأȻرͻϡʺÿؾʿҪЯĵҩ裬粽УȻˣʿҲϰ¾ͻݽߣò˳ؾδ˵ʿһ֮á
ؾԴƣֻܽ𵤾µʿܽ룬ͻؾ̮ԣҸλȻ½Ҳ޿κΣֻɳڵĵӽȥ鿴
ѩԭȣؾδʿ
Ȼԭʱؾ֣ʱܵ׾ΪȥѩԭȵؾˣǰǧҪѩԭ
ѵؾʲô⣿
Ҷ˿ڲ裬ɤӣΪ˵ؾ﾿ʲô½˰λڵĵӽȥһ⣬ȫš޹ڽڽ꣬ԶһЩŸΪЩʧؾĵӣڽڵʿϲ㡭
ɳؾڴҹأϣܴϢ򲻸ˣǰһӻŴؾ߳ˡ
˵ˣҶɫϲأ˵ߣʵҲûʲôѪۣפؾڵĵҲֻܴ۲ǿϳڵӣæȡ
̲סʣǵӱȻ𣿡
Ҷҡҡͷ쳤ϵҽΣұסȴͬ˻ǵĳɵ㣬Ҳ˵
üò׵ȵһؾ֪ˣһͳ׶𣿡
ҶףҲȫ쳤ڸҩʱ֮ҵһŵķơ
ƣ
ţԭλǰһλ޽Եλ͸һƣԵаħŷͬʱм¼ĹܣΪأڴ֮ʱѣʱֻ쳤λҲֻ˷֮ǰʲô
Ҷɤͳ쳤˵ڷϿ˻δħ϶Ȼֻһۣȷԣǲ²Ǵؾͼħ϶Щʧĵֻ¶ץȥι϶
ޱ𾪣ħ϶ǲеĶ𣿡
½ս죬صľ棬ΪϳЩħ϶ʹ޾޴ӵ
Щ϶ǴӺζû뵽ǿιģ
ѹ֣Ҷ˵·˼˵˭˭Ҳš鱾ħϮԴ򻹺ңԶҶ˵棬ǴҲȫˣ
ǿһŶѵķƣжؾħ϶£᲻̫ϣ
쳤ڽʱھڵǰҺ˵ѣѵķϵȷһ˿ŰħܴؾұȫһҲȫŷơ
Ҷ˱ۣΪЩʧĵӶеϧ
Ϊβ¸֪ѩɽ񣿡תֵ
ǵѩɽģسô£Ҳܵô
Ҷɫӣ¶뿪صģλɽ˵ķӦ
ѩԭȵؾԸΪʿƣȴѹƲˡҷֽڵҲȥ޻֮ʱԵλɽˣȥؾ￴һȴ˵ؾڵ壬ǴɳĥŵӣҲ⣬裬һȥַǣǲҪ̽ؾ
ʱҲδ룬ǰɽ˾;裬Ϊǽѩԭؾıر֮ֱǷؾܴ϶£ʶɽǰƵΪͺǡ
ͺǰףѿڶ
ҶֳصصͷȻЩǡԴԴϵ蹩ӦҲôӽؾ
Ȼǰ֪ΪĹӦȻˣΪ˼Ѱʧٵӣֻùѩ桭
˽̻ķԪȥѩǲɹѩ޹£ԭּס
ԣǻѩǵɽħ繴ᣬ裬Ķŵ̽ؾΪǽΪʳιħ϶ħͨ
ЩֻҵĲ²⣬ҲȷҲȥģԲžڰ롣
ɻ֮⣬ѩǵžͺ𣿡
ѩǳ޹ںˮڣһڡڹµӾ򣬽ʧӻδǵӣˮڣɽǰҲˣǶλ˺Ρ
˵ţҶкȻֳһͷ
ǰ˵Ϣ͵ʥģֻˣһʵǾѩɽ
ǺȻڰΪ᲻Ȼѩɽľ裬Զ֣ʹһн赶ɱˣ
ˮǱ͵ôؼŲãΪʧԵƫƫװˮǻҵıֶ
ǶˮҲ˴󶯸λ𣬿ɶԼĹǻңݱض֮ҲҪ׷ء
ȻͶݵʵѷָ£ˮڽѾãµǵ֮࣬ղǡ飬ⳡսû䣬Ҳܾˡ
븡ͷҶʱձ
л˵
ҶҼҴӣҼҶӣҼӡϲһ
飺


82 
Ҷ˲ϵĺ, ֻϣԼˡ
һħ϶ûע⵽ҶͻĽźͲڡ
ʵҶϢ̫𺳣˼, ѩɽӳ, źúõɲȥͶħ
˵, ѩɽħðģ
, ѩɽؾι϶Ѿ˽Ƕ׼׼
ѩȻСɽжξ, Ӷ, Щ϶ٶǺܿµģβ, ˵Сɽ, ɺĶһشꡣ
أʲô취ֹЩ϶ħͨ
ҶѹͷĲ, ҡͷ϶һ֣ͬƵļ¸ԭħͨǳ£ʿι, ֻڼӿͨٶȡ

ˣ½ɾ, ϶ţƤѢһմϻͳˣ
Ĳ״֪, Ⱥһһûûҹع, ִϷɥʬԴ, ŵҲճ, ۿҪе˦ɽ, 񹩷ӣҪϴسǵ·
ʮƣѲյϲ᲻صһ飺Щ϶粻ƫƫʱðӡ
ɽﲻ֪ô
֪ʲô
Ҷĵǧǰħͨͱ򿪹һΣʱʴħ㳲ռ˽ʿҪôնɱҪôأӻ磬伸Ϊ˼
ֱһλɾһ֮ɱʣ˰ħط϶ڷӡڶļȣ֮ǧ̫ƽӡ
һ㶣ִСɽֳ꣬˯꣬ǧ֪꣬Ⱦš
µ˵Ȼ֪ģǸпһ䡭
ҶδʲôҲŸп̾Ѿȥǧ꣬λɾķӡɶ
ͷݲ˳¡
Ψһе˵ͨģǧǰλӡ϶ɾȥˣ
ǷӡԲµģӡƿӦûӦǡɵͬ٣λɾʵǿ˹䣬Ϊδʱվӡ϶Ųˣ϶ţö㾰
°ָͣԶɾ󼺡
עֹ϶ţֻо׳صʵ浽Ǳٳµ죬ڱǴݿŶ롣
Ȼ⿿ЩƽɵޣʿмȻüޡ
˵ǽ׼ȥδ
˰ħ϶£⣬ѯҶδĴ㡣
һһգ֮ǵİ֮ȻѰһˮأŵ
ħ϶죬ѩǱΪһݵĳǳأѩ½ǣ˵ԽϷߣԽȫ
Ҷȴô룬زħַմȾÿʿ岻ݴǵΣǶֻҸȵĵؽ繶˭ȥأ
ֻҸɽˮ˵ĵطڵӰٺãħͨǰٵڼʱ޷˵վͶǰߡ
Ȼʽ΢ޣᵱսӱ
Ҷ˵ȻζЦˣʵʲôĵطǷˮأ
ӵأأˮľ˫ֻһнеؾ
ɽ˵Цˣĵطͱռˣֵõǡ
ҶֻҸɽĵؽˡ
ڲȷѩɽǷʹ˶ǵ£һɽأϢݱܷͷõİ취ͬʱҲõˮڻҲˣɽźûɽţǲһ
ǲѩǵӵһѾۼ̯ÿŷֵͨɽǿܶˡӵ˫أû
ؾǿĻԵǴδ
㵽Ϊֹûٶ˵һ䣬ƳϿĲѣЦǳǳȲ衣

Ҷ֮ʱ޹ڵǵӰѾ鲼Сɽ
СԴΧĸ߿У¥ķޣҲԸľ񣬴ܱѰһտأԴϢһ¡
Ҷλòƽƽ洫ӡ
˳ΪʿǰᾭزٵĻڣǴƤԭϵĵ̱䵭һ㡣ԣʿ඼ǿŮٻòª֮ˡ
÷üǣڷﻹ֮ܳΪò䣬ʿУ˲ȻˡƢãΪҺһҲûмӣŵеԵܲ
ھƬϿʱȻͣסĵǣûиܣ˴ƺرŨ
СǵΪֻԶûĸ֪
Լжϣȥ
ǽ͸߶ȺأŲȵʱӼͬʱ
ܵˣ
Ũھ
ǰһƬֲŷѵũһСƵķϻŵˮ飬ŶȪˬϢ
һСʹ£Ҳ̫ݳˣȪأ
Ȫ϶ͨũֲ˵
СķѵػʮĶ⻹вٵﳤԲԲ֪ǺƷֵľԼƬ˻ߵ㶹硣
ЩֵĶֲĻÿõٵȪడѩҲûôݳް
һС棬սʲôƷֲֵδ߽ũ֪Ĵܳһ߰˲סСӵĽѸٽһԷܵҶȥ
Сֻüһ󾪣˲彣Ǵնȥ
Զص״æһһߴ鰡Ҳֲֵ˲ã
⿰֣ͣһĹСӼ̾ʧҶС
Ϣ֮СӵľҲȻϣ·һֻƹ
ܹʱҲӦأɽ﷽žǣʦɽǶͣҪǰ˼ֲˣ˵ɽʦҲĲ
ǳʦ
ģµģ
λеĳͷǴԲͬѰĵҶ
ŷҶȻէͷЩƣϸ֮£ֻ͵ҶһŷѶûᣬǳһششС׻
Сġ
ɷڽϣٰ˾ߣǵɽʦŭҲÿˡ
Ȼͬ龰ûٷһֱߵǴҶǰҲûð֣֦ץץǴïʢҶͬŽ㣬ʼҵز
šһߵСӹ˳͸Һš
СſڵϾδһСӸæǰͬʱʩ˸
֣ٽв٣ṥӽĻǲ׽θֻҪʱȳͲˡĵͬ˽˵
æֳл
֣̾ЩҲ̫˰գһܵǵĵлͷȥæũˡ
զôֲⳤøǽƵҲֲ͵Ϯ㱻ץȥϵСƨɣ±Թ
ٶȴǰֲǵĳڶ̣ܶҲֲͬ¶ȺвͬҪ󣬵ԲͬһֲøⷱʢԼũĴͰȪټⲻͬѰŨ㹻˵һ¶
û´Ļˮľ˫˵
ˮľ˫
СӶɵˡ
룬˵ȥʦţ棬һ̣档
˵գֱߣճԹСﻹܣʵĻϯش
Ǹһʼתķǵص·ҪǮһ㣬ƴǵ꣬Сļƣ֮࣬æס̰ãһؽ
ǰѩǣӯĵؽ綼ˮںڹϷˣϡÿûܹĸо·Ȫë׶ʼˡ
Сǽ۵תܿͽ˺һľ磬ȫעؿʼ
ͬʱСɽϷС
ӵϿй䡣
ڴˣһϳǸλ֮ʱҳݵλʿ
ͬʱҲҶ״ӡ
޹ֺݵʱҲΪ˷ˣһëϡеϣͬż˾㣬Ҳ߲
ÿÿʦֵǳȥΣһµطҪߣѰʲôƷԭϡ
Сɽжξ룬֪ѱ黮ΪأĿһڽµɽѲš
ֱɹͷ֯ѨϿգֻǶ࿴һۡ
֪֯ϻһԼǿ˿˿ȻƵͼ벻ۡ
ֱһע
ǡһھô
ÿ·ھʿֵסĸͺĵʹҲ⣬⾮ͣ˽Ų
ĸԪӤڵǿʵҲδؾԾ뾮£Ȼֻн𵤾ûеܹһ˴ĳ̶ȡ
ʶؾ⾮թȻӾƮʵڳͣȥ⾮׵ʲô
ûʲôܲ¾֪ܵεķأ
屧Ÿ첲˼ΣȻ뵽ʲôĴͳһͲԶƵ
֮һС⣬ǧﾵȣĵطͲӳ
ֽͳߣһô򣬽ⵥͲԶʱһƬͷֱ𳯲ͬķһȣһ½Ǳճ
һֻۣǱһˣͬʱһ򻺻˾ס
ǽ֪˹ظ質¾ȻȴһͬӸ˰Ӿһֱ쵽ǰ

ǽˣɻǱľ棬һͷ˴۵Сۡ
ǽԪǰ͸ģʱ·һɫ˾
ȫûϳһͷǸԪ񣬷͸͸壬˾ǳһĽۡ
ѵһؾװŽУ
ԹϻͨƵĿ̽һӾͲ³⾮׵ܡ
ؾǿǼ˴ˡ
嵱ǱϷɽҴ뿪

ҶСԺ»ɽ﷽ΪҪôֵ⣬
״һǰһɽ¸ͣǰ
ʦ𣡡
⼸ͬʱڼ
ʦ˵աԴ
Ǵʦ˵
æһΪȻŵʦϴ
Ҷһ䣺Լʦֵܣʲôǫõģһ˵
һۣټּĬͬʱ˵
ʦҷִ˴棬ƺˮľ˫
ʦԵɽ﷢һؾλµĴС
ʲô
Ҷͫ׵
ͬʱɽڰյǰʻĶϡ
ʲôĵطǷˮأӵأأˮľ˫ֻһнеؾ
ôشţ
ɽɱ˵Цˡ
Ҷҭ̧š
ֻԼʦȻɫһһ죬Ȼݺţǰûڵɫ·һֻܡ
˵ʲô
㷵زҳֻԼʦ̾һҧҧƺʲôŲһգֹջԺ
л˵
Ҷʹ
ȪͨũڽƷȪᱻֲֲֲҲҪȪõͼȪ͹ˡ


83 
ҶǰŸ, лûֵߵߵ˻
ȴ˿ҲԵ⣬оŲյ, ˶û
ȱʿŲ, ҶҲҸɽͷڵǡ
СɽλñȽƫƧֲŷչ, عﲩ, ܶҺŶ֪ôط
һСɽӵ˫´ȥ, ǰëԼѡкܶ, ֲǷ޹ڲɡ
ҶСɽֻҲʺؽŵˡ
϶, һ㡣
Ҷ˺üĸ, վǰʱ, ߣֲ֪ôڡ
аûڲôžûɽĻ֮أֻϣɽûŭźá
Ҷɽҡ
鵭ЦŴ, ֪˵ʲôڵصѡ¹Ҫϵδʮķչ, Ҫúÿǡ
ǣҿˡ
Ҷæ˵, ǱһԸڴ˴ڵĸм, ֳֿرʾԼµ, Բѹа, ʯ١
һҶŵÿ깩ʯ, ССسһôࣿ
ʿ˵ʯǽ׵ĻңרעȵʿÿζĲٵʯ
ʯˣô
ȻչƷյ룬ֻǳ˿ؾôʯʵеղģֲܰƤ
ǰÿѩɽľ
Ҷÿͳȥ󣬶սӣȻˮҲỳ͵˹ǻҺС
ԵȲŵȰѷӸ˵
Ƿӣ
ҶΪǹĵǣʿ˵ͷ¶ǳ֮£ڵӶܳԿģûô桹󡭡
ǿɲУȰ㹻ס˵ݽ
˹̶סϵͳŻжСɽ˿ڡ
ɽҶѣæӦʾھȥҵǽ·Ըȥ
Ҷ뿪ˣһֻС룬װһſСɵԲ
κҲϰ߳ʳˣھ¥Ϊ߲رյǼ죬꣬ȵ¥ҵæƷʳԲȣڼı
£ʡ
ͷӹеԲҨһš
ԲŴŴİһõݣֿʼһڳʦδķѻˡ
£ȺʿʵҲôֻǴ˳ڣλԪӤڵģȫǽ¡
ΪҸصƷ˵
Ե֣ȻֺαȥѰʿš޹ȻʲôǮƵĴţôҲٶ꣬ѾԳϵʡȥܶ鷳£ѡҲþˡ
ΪͰˣŵĳʵãҲòˡ
룬ðĻеҪ죬һŴȿ

Сɽϳľˣֶڰɽͣ췿õĶɽŵͨľֻżӻ֮С
һƬԴ֣ڸ޹ڵĵǴݡ
ʿǽݵٶȣɱȷǿˡ
һĽлʮڴֵĴӦ峵òϣֱװУء
һŵԺڰɽɣɽҲ˫ļӳɣЩҪһֻ³
Ϊͼ죬޹ڵǽĶǴ̣ͨסһ䷿һԺסʮӡȻɫͷ뾲֮ʱӵĻ£ȴӦһ˿ӵҲδ
һڣеĵӶڸԵĲϯϴȡȡ֮֮ߵǷ·ǶãȻǰʴͣ޲ò߲ݣһʮʱźá
еûȻңеɶİĻž֮ġ
ںߡ
Ժڴһɽص΢죬ʹ붨״̬˫ۡ
ű£ⲻ̲н𵤾ϵĵȫȥɽٰһŴȣδĵ¼޽ݡ
ҹɫмΪѻ󣬼ȥ֪ͨһԺĵӡ
ʱԺдĵǽתѣߴߴؿʼۿ
ҲһʱȻͻһС硭
Ũȼֱѩǵʮˣ޽ݣĴｨ𣿡
˭֪أԸˡ
ոʦ˵ʲô˭ˣ
˵ŴȣҪ𵤾ϲȥϧΪ
йϵƽʱϵСӸ˷ܣʦ֣ΪѾ𵤺˰ɣմȵĺϢ
ǰʦ֣ڵĽ𵤵ҪҳƵڶû˸ҳƵһմȵͷĪ
¸ǣҲû˼ˣȴ벻ش˸Ƿɴѣأ˯

գСɽĿյء
һɫʯש̾͵ļ̨£ҰõλðڷλҶ֮һλϣλ޹ڳ·
Ҷ̨ɢɢʿǲɵ̾˿
޹Źеǧˣʢʱڣϵĵﵽ֮࣬ھѩؾºϵĵӻˣͥˡ
ʲѡӶǿԣˮڣķֻҪ߹ϵʯȥ
ҶԼҵӵʵ൱ţɽ˴δȣҲۿŵʵʱܶˡ
ɴ٣Ϊճλ֮ŴȾʹ˿ʼ
̨ʼд趷
ʿķޣҴͬڣʽ룬ʤҲʤ鿴һᣬپȤζعۿʵĬĬɽͼС
СɽɽڵĵǻںؽݣһԺȻ˹ǼܣڽĹⶥǡ
ڰУһƬڹǼſӵʮֽѹһԺݶ깤ϵͳ˸ͣ
ϵͳפ3498ˡ
ϵͳϲ˿Ѵ2ˣﵽؽԶȡؽ񣺳ǰ
ݣ˿Ѿﵽ˳ǰģٲΪƷԴϤĹ£Ϊ֮µǧУһСǳأٽŬ
Ҫ1˿ڴ2ϣ2ӵԵ˫3˾ֵٴﵽ30㡣
ϵͳ⣬Ѵɡ
ϵͳϲؽؽ3ȫɽ񼼣ɽһ׶ؽΪӵ5˿ڡ
ȫɽ񼼣
۾ɽ񼼵žͺð㿪˵һָǰ
ɽıڵĵΣɽС
ıΣڡ
ӹĶͷеɽ񼼺Щһƺսļܣƫڻ
Ĭɽ񼼵֣һɽͼСǰֵСɽصĵͼ
˵ɽͼһʱ޿̿ͷأ͸һ3DģÿһͰݶ̻ˡŻԿСɽصĺ棬һͿҪĵصһɽ壬һ
ǿھһɽ񼼵ĳ嶯Ȼ⴫һ󾪺ʹĿϵͳƿ·Ż̨ϡ
һСʿ̨ϸ߸߷ȥֱֱˤδ֣ϯһλ޷ȫ׵ĳϼԼķз̨Сʿסɹͻص˵ϡ
Сʿƽأûжˤɹʺңһηɫʦ𡭡
λȻƺܲôܣһȥƽѧղΪʦۡ
̨ϻվŵһλԲʿһѾ޴ȣղžȷѶִ̨ȥ
½мλӵǳһȫøֲĹŹַ̨ϻ䡣
ͽܣ
˵£̲סԱߵҶ
ɽҵ״ӡ
ôķ
ЩԼƵġ
ԭǸޡ
ȥһŴȾͱĸ˱ˡ
һСʿܣǶۣ˴δȵӮҰ˳ɾˡ
ĬĬ˸ϢһɫӰ̨
Ҷһ㶣ɽ⡭
գգۣȻд裬ðǵ
ڵɢϢ޴ڵϢ£̨˵ģһѾѹƵڣ۸ҵӡ
ô˵Ҷ˿Ǻ˽ⲻѹƵͬĻδػ䡣
ӵ̨һû˯ѵģʱ̨ڴ˾ɢɫҲ˲
ǵˮ׷ɱ֮ʱɽһͬȰܣָͽʦĻɢʵС
öʿΪԵʣͬȾ磬ԼӦһս֮
ȻܷʵܹǸС
յʱ̨ʯש϶ॵص˸ķ巽ЩɱķķǰʧЧǿԻû˿ᦣֻʣˣǿٻľҲֻʣȹǣķѵѣĻ
ʼնûùŵǰѿƽƽ񳤽ûС
ԼķţͻȻҲһõսˡ
ǰʮ𵤾ĵӣֻҲû뵽õԼеĿ档
ؿԼƵķһأ۵øζЩ
ˣ
ķȫջطУûظ䣡
޲ЩҪʯ̨
Ǽ״ӶôңҲûԸ̨׳
ûеԸ̨дĻ
ֻðѹƵΪɣߵԪӤ
޹ΪﵽԪӤģֻмλˣ̨µĳϯ˾ٵ˼Զ
̨µλ㿴ңҿ㣬û뵽սĶȻԼ
һİ𣺡Сֵܣдһ
һվıλȫ׵ĳϡ
̨µĵ˲伤Ŀתؿ̨
޹һĵĹأ˼֤֮£дӮ֮ˣܷΪγϣȻĵĹأûбʵʩ
ʿôӮԼҵĳϣǲ˵޹ھҪһλ³ˣ
л˵
򶷹дˣϾֻǸСӼһºͳϴ򶷵Ϸݻһ㡣
մ٣дžҪƪ£֪զдرѣɾɾддüһ͹ȥˣĿýѹܸоԼдĲԤڡ
ټϿҲʼæˣոһʱո񵥸£ٻָոżȸıǿŰʣ߶ôT-T


84 
λվӦսĳΪǮ, ƽոڵǹڷѧ֪ʶ̳޹λƢ𱬵һλ
ڳеĵӶѵ, ˷ǮӦսʱ, ǼϣԼŲ׹ֶܷǮϳԱһ˿˿ڴ
ʽʼ
Ǯһ, ڵظֳֽд͵ķ, Ưܣÿ϶, ɰֵֹͼ
ǵʽ˽, ʶãЩֻƴЩķ, ԶȷͳЩпõķҪѶԸ
Ǯ, Ӱ, Ưڶժһöע룬ǵǱεĻȼ̼ȼ
ȼɻңʲôû, ظоµʯط˲Ѱ΢𶯡
Ծһԣڿյ˲, վʯȻĲְľ޴, ʧλһϯ, һʱʯɡ
Ҷܼʱ, ʹĹȫ, ķӦһ, ضЩס
Ǯһɣͬʱץסעڷȼ˲䣬ټԲͺӰХŴһǴһĻһɳ˶ɵʯ򣬶ͷ¡
ǰԿΪðԵͽָɢΪѹƵԪӤȻռơ
ӲӲֻܱâȻʼн֮޴ɶ㣬ʯ֮䣬ڳǰ͸ķɽϮһ룬漴͵ط㿪˻
ȻŰʵʱҲ˰Ѻ
ʿֻܿ۳ķһʿҪˮϵķͱס÷ͷ
Ǯר޷һϳŸԵķӦԲͬľ棬൱ںһʱлʿڶսѶȿ֪
ǰ壬зǮɲһ¾ͻԳˡ
ƲͬԵķǸʹߵΪҹʹߵΪԽǿҲԽǿͬķǰƺעõģһڵĵֻҪ㹻ҲܽһӡԪӤķ
ǮոռǵȴڣиܵҶϢǷĻæעġ
Ϊ̫ͣԷҲޣ޵ڣ޴ʹãʹһαᱨϣ˵Ǹס
Ȼ޻ǷޣǶһͬص㣬ǹذѾͶϣͨʺͷǿȶǿ⡣
Ǻ˵ض˹Ǯüͷ𣬲ٸϢĻᣬһץסŷ
˿Ҳʶ˱ȥ֮ʱֱὣǮ
һĽâ鼱֮£Ǯֻüһŷ

ڽ֮ʱƾճһɫ׵Ļ󣬰ѽеĹϣ翳ڼ̵ʯϣ϶µػĥ
һۣ𳤽䣬ǵصĵɫش˷ʴǮ֡
ڻ֮ʱ
ɫ׻ܷĵȴ޿ײĶ
Ǯԣæס˺ѾΪʱһƶѾĿڱǣǮֻǱ˵ͷһƹͷ󷢻衣ظһ־͵شܱȫֽŷ·𱻱סܿƵؽԭء
ǮþȫҪֻ̧֣šͨһֱֱԵڵء
ȫȻ
淴ת̫죬Ǯý׷ֵе£ֻʮϢʱ䡣
쳤æ̨̤ҵһöⶾĵҩǮУɫ𽥻˹
ԿĶŨȣЩֻʹԷ֫ͷԻڳ˽ⶾ󣬱޴ˡ
˶Ǯɫѿոջ̨ĵӣֵԼǮֻۡ
쳤ϵĲһҲû˵ֻǶʩһ֮ͬ
ˣ˱ѾǶ˴ˣɲ
Ǯص̨£һλϽžͷ̨Ŀض񣬸öǴɷΪǶʽȡʤҪʹˣ
һ㶣Ƕʽ
޺޵ʽΪͬǺɵ鵤ʿ鵤ɱҪḻö࣬ǶԵ鵤ûжϵһ˵
ΪǶĶۣⲻ֪ⶾʵķʽ
ʹ൱һʿ⻹ô
ıֻЩ޵ʵڴʱ¶ԼݲʱˣҲ⣬ͷӦ£á
ڵϣƽʱڵķҲλпͻԪӤһλ̨£ҶŽܡ
޹ڵλϽǰ׷롢͵ͷûһʽĻɫеä˻治÷ֱˣֻܿǿ֡
ѾܱλǮǸķιҩ쳤Ǹ׺ͺ˵ԲʱǳλǸмɷǵʡ
Ҷ˵ӹ̨ϵѾ
ϲóǾͨƷһ˫ʹû磬鼸ܿʱҪǰһ£ܵĿɲˣʵʵˡ
ϵÿһν£ܼʱػ󳷣˶쵽ʯֻ̨ܿһһֵģӰӡ
ϺòһĹץסҼ磬ߵȴ·޹ǣһĽǶȣյƼ˳ȥ
¾ֺɣ˵Ͳһ߰
ȻʿĸûЩѹ׵ܣֻɻƬ̣ערעڴʽϡ
֪ǲǶԷˣٶȽץסļûͬø첲סֱۡһֻԷҸ첲ͬһ߳ƽʸסԼۡ
ɱ
ʹסβսϱյʹһֻƱ㳯ȥ
۵׻һɫĹâϷǰ֮ԭī˫Ȼɫͫ
˫ͫ䵭飬ɫͫʵɫ֣һȦȦذһʶ硣
ѩƮɣǵĺ紵ķ룬ϹվѩУãȻĹˣĿ֮ȫǰɵһƬ
ϵѩǱѩɽۣ֮Լʱȥĵط
ﲻõıǴţһֻﶼѰ˵ֻз磬ƶֻѩ
ıѩУһȾƣһɽˮ֡ʲô£ʲôƿෳսȴˡ
˿̣ϵһðľ̳Լһͩľβ١
ϯض˻˶Ŀ̳ķ࣬ӭͷཹཹȥȵҾơ
ˬ
ϳ̾صڰѩѩ֮䡣
ʱ˿̵̨ϣϵƷ翰ھһ紦ͣ£ǰһ
̨µĵӶúƣۿҪӮˣôͲѽ
Ҳɻϲڹؼʱ֣ͣôһգգضŰ࣬¶һ˿΢Ц
òõĹֲ˰ɣ
Եꡣ
꣺ߵͫܶϤģֱԵĽͫˣĻþͬʱҲܸ֪Էͼ䡣
Ϊɱɽ
ԭô¡
˿밢Ȼӵжĵǰզûأ
ֱ֪ӰĽͫжٻˣûʲôΪ壬Чκİһֱδԭʾˣǵһ࣬ȥ˫Ļ֮¶ԭĽͫ
ô˵ԭͫˣֻһˡ
۵׵ĽâʧҲ֮Ӽг˳Ӧʱѩɽ̨ۣ֮ʱǵɫѾĲϡ
循ɲʲô
ҵ츳鷨
ջسϣƷپ粻鷨Һȡʤԣⳡʵˡ
¾ȣᣬӵ츳鷨ҲԩԼ֮ɶԷʵеʧ˷ȣһԵʩȻ̨
һʤλϣҶеҲסˡ
Ǯλ̰ܱλֻʣ쳤ϣȻһλޣóǿ̨Ҳֻ¡޹λ϶԰һ֮֡Ĵڸ
˼Ҷλ׼³
ʱڽ׹ö
һıԣЩۣдҲˣܲƵ²̨Ǹʹ˸ɫ
⣬׼ҽ³ȻһӰȵ̨ϣһˬԵŮ
ҲŸþͽˣ
²鼸һ˳ⲻλ޸ô
ӹŽؾһֱԼչͻƣӯɫˣٲȻƾɹˡ
Ĳһ֮ǰǿڹŽĽ⣬һͻʮԪӤʽ˴ڡ
ͻƺ󣬵һʱȥɽлϾմСɽĸŵƾǽͣҲײؽؾ
ȻһԺǾͱǰľ󾪴ˡ
Ƭʧȡ֮ģǴССʮð˳
ʲô
չ֮ǰɽֻݣһأզĪȺˣ
Ǵסһ·Сʿѯʣ֪չڼһŵӣڴ˵ؽš
ǮϺʱ˸ķѤõɽͷʱʱ֣˸ǵĿ⣬ֵʣɽڶ𣿡
СʿͷɽٰŴȡ
Ŵȣôȥ
Ϊ𵤾ϵĵӲܲμӡ
£̤µľ磬ҸԼΪ׾˶٣Ȳظ֡
£ǿ̨λûɵĳϣͽ±ҳ󶴵̨ˡ
̨Ψһվŵ񣬴ʱҲ׼̨ȥæסȥ·üʣôˣ
ϧ𣺡ˡ
Ȼ̨Ҫս˵Ͳˣ
ü˳ھӺܾˣǰľһȣ˶ǴڣսĶ־ˡ
䡣
ƮƮضһ䣬̨
㡭
һҭں·һȭ޻ϡ
ǶԷ䣬Ӧս֮£ֻѰұĶ֣£ȫǽڵСӡ
Ҷʱպվǰһ
㣬ǲ̨дд裡
Ҷû뵽ɽȻʿ
ɼ˽ܵԵɵġ
Ҷ룬ӮλϣŮ䣬ԼӮŮޣҲ㶪ŵӡ
Ҷ̨ʩҶʸ䣿
ǣ
Ҷͷһơ
Ҳͳһ̣ʱ䣬һʮ߰ѽӰɵ
л˵


85 
ʮ߰ѽӰΧסҶ, ⴹֱָ棬ʱʱر÷λ·ʱͣ, ڿеߡ
һӰĽ⼸ҶĲֻк塣
Ҷɫ, Ϊһ֮Ըͳǳ֪һЩӰûֱӹ, ٲȻɱ, һ
˼壬õ, ҶһҲֻҪԼǰƶһ, ЩӰͻն¡
֮ǰ÷ֻ֮ͬƽ, ܴһ
ƽһ, ؼľҵ, ΪؼҲΪĵطֻҪƻ̮֮
⽣⽻ֻӰλӰֵҶĿ, һδϸӹÿһѽӰ, ƶһڶĽӰм䡣
Ҷһ˲˲ع۲ЩӰĽ켣ҵתɡȻ, ͣһѽӰ֮, ۻҵĽ, Ӱƺһֱͣԭ, δ仯λá
Ӱпܾۡ
Ҷֽ̧, ͵شǵλϷĽӰĽ촥Ӱ֮ʱǵӰȴٿƾʧˣһ̣Ϣ֡
Ҷ𾪣̧ۿ̨һ˵ĸǡ
ԴԴϵעó˿̵ֳϿ̻
ǸؾеҹĽУԽһ¥ҰĽڽ˽֮С
ʱٿԼǰḶ̌©̻ԪӤʱģס˺ڵҶ̫á
ֻʱţֳ޸ϵ㵼ۻ̻任λá
ЩӰ״Сƣҵµֵۣ¹۲ݡ
һʱ䳡ݱҶڣԭػܣѰһۣ⣬ͷֲͣٵؿ̻̣һͿٶȵıƴ
̨µڵǴδĶżͬʱ۷׷ס
ҵһμôܵĽǴ˺ͽ𵤵Ĳô
رʱ䣬ʱ̱任ܲ
˵֪ðŮްɣ
ɱѻˣ˻˵ҪǶˣѵҪ
ʲô
¿Ķ΢٣û뵽òƽƽĴ󲮣Ȼһ֮
УҪӮǵһŵˣοΪһʱ֮鷳£
ڴʱҶĶ֮ͣʱһƵۣʮӰѻΪ⣬߶ȴĻ˲串еķɽҶȼյĽ潣ڿлһĿ⡣
ǿƽĻ⣬ʶóֵȻ̱Եʱͷһת߾֣䣡
ҶɲסУùͷƮķ˿˿սƮڵأ治ɫӳ˷۳ɫ
Ϊʲô䣿
Ҷ⣬ؿղҪͳʲôģԻкС
ͻȻˡ
ƽ񷽲ŵ˵ǡ
Ҷ˿ãŮ޵費һ㣬ոֻһ󣬾ͷ۲ѣٰ󷨳δֵ˺á
Ҷ˻ѽ뽣ʣʽǰɽչʾһ޹ڵʵȴŪɳ׾
û뵽СССɽвԻȻһðʿЩ޹ȫû
ͬʱһĻ顣
ͻȻ̨սû뵽ġӮҶ·Ѱˡ
ˣ
ۣ˭Ҫ䣬ҪӮ
Ǿ!
򶷽̫⧲̨µĵǸû񫣬ͲƱˡ
Ҷ㱻Ⱥûĵ
˱˻ԣ
漴Ʈ̨Ͽգִ֡
˴ŴȾ͵գʯںδ
һڵǶʱŷɽҲһֱ̨£Ҷԣæϡ
ȡŵĴһӵɫʯӴӿڷɳˡһ̨ϡʯש̨˽ۺӣصĽʯһѹ˲ֶ˼ѷ졣
֣ÿطʯ
ʯֻ޹ֺ֣ϲ÷˲ܾӣʿʱ˻е̨
ʯŵ֮޹ڵʯ˵ǵĿ֮ʱ̣ʯ֮ڵء
ڵҪɽµĳֿǽɽϣСɽֻһɽ壬޹ڵĵӲ٣һɽ壬δԵӵңҲϰԼס˾ס
ˣղŻõɽÿһԡ
ſطŽʯƺڿ¡
ΧԷѰɳɳ죬ȺشϷߣس΢Ĳ
ʿǵĸйٶ񣺡ǵ𣿡
˾
Ƕ
һָķ򣬾
ѭȥֻɽͻȻðһС͵ֲԽԽߣϢͳһСɽƽɽ塣
⻹û꣬ɽȻ֮ʱһ˳

ɽ壬εضѳһƬɽΡڲ㱡֮䡣
ȫˡ
վ̨ϵҶ͸ǽ΢ţӿž֮ɫ
Ǿˣ֪Щ˾ʱ֮һСɽ塣
գ֮䣬Ѵ֮ƾɽ壬ʲô
һ̧֣ǿʯɽɽ£ȵزȥʯ桰޹ڡֺ۷޵Ľ⡣
ԱʯΪ磬ɽǻ޹ڵĵˡ
ϵͳϲ񣺿š
ϵͳϲؽڡŽ鿴ϲŻ*5
뿴ԼŽȻ͸ɽͼ֣ԴΪͻȻֵɽСĿֻţﵣİΣӵ
ǸʱЩҪһ
䣬鶯سɴ񼼣͵ضӡ
ȻʧԭأͣеȻʧ
ûüɽ˵һ仰ɽ´λ֪ʲôʱܼء
ഫŲŤͷֻҶ΢Цѣʶǲһȱһ𣿡
ɽ﷽ŻɽΪڵأҶ⣬üҶȾϲɫ
̨Ƕ̨֣ѣȱѣûвӣͷֱҶȥСԺȲ衣

ͻȻߴɽ壬羪֮񣬷׷׶ԼԺŲ
ǰһɽƾɵ񼣣Ȼǳɽֻ֣֮г羴հ֮飬ȫȻûо£ͻȻɵɽ壬֪Եɺͷһʱ䣬Ļ̻̣ȫȻ̤Դ벽
ϣɽȷɽɽΪϢǲŰ
գЩܵɽɽ£ֿɽһߴĽʯֻҪʯıߣͻᱻһεĳƳ
ʶֵϳ˽ʯϵ֣׹ɽɽ׼ģûķ˶ᱻȻ档
Դ޹СɽźʿϿշȥǶϰǵĴڡСɽʽסǶԣҲһĺ¡
ԽǿסʹԽǿǸմ⣬ȫҲõ˼ıϡ
ɽɵһºſڵĲһʾʾֻж̶һ仰Դ˾κˡ
ʾд޹յӣδʮҪȥʯ

л˵
ףСѽ~ҪԽ~


86 
ɼҪеˣȥȥ
Ǳ, ̸飬˶֪ĺϢ
ֵصģߴĻԵǷ׷׸ϻ˼, Լ޾ʯȥ, ´˴˵ǧѷĻᡣ
Դʱ˰ӣʯӿȥոճʱ, ɽµĽʯ˰׳
, ΪʲôҪվŰҶˡ
һСԸ, Ÿ˵ӡ
, ȥ¥¹ӡο
ЩСĺӸζʲô, ڵӲʩ¶, пźŲԸС, ҲӲק
΢곤һЩĺѾʱȵѾʼĲ²˭ܲˡһƽϲСƨɺĺͯܵСǰ
Ӹ磬Ҹոո޴ˣҶ϶ܲ
Сͦظͷ, СĿͷֺ֧ãȻСһת, ֱͦļ˲йдŽš
ǿʤ, ҪԼû, ȺС˭ѡ, ﺢͷοɾͱסˡ
, , ܱ֤϶ܲ
СԴʮƶ
Сι¹ʵȻڷЩۣǹӲǷԼҶӶǺͷ˲ͬġ
Сǰ棬ʱҲŶӵŲ
Сɽǰ˷ݳǵÿҲ˳յӡһյʱʱᰵͲûϣ꣬ۿſ쵽ʱִ˹æŵޣеӵľ͸
û뵽Сɽֵᡣ
ʱᰲʱʿˮĪҪӿѧʰĽš
Ȼ䣬ֱһʪ妣ʱᰲȥƵĶԣһ˫ںԲͫЦе
ףôˣҼ͵𣿡
ʱһϲȥ˫ȥԲ䡣
ҡͷԣأ
˵һܲ
ҲЦǲ˵ѵģᰶҪԼ
ʱ᰺ϵ̸ȴպñСļˡ
Сһ׳˶İܣԺоͻ𵱳ܷϮĳ˫ɾͿƲסط
ȻͷܵԼСëΰļצʼǶһʵ
Ǽһװģظ˵ˣǿֻöƵġСһС²۵
һͷܸߣǶһ°ֻ׽ʱᰣСͬ亢ⷺἵʡ
СǿɽµޡһСѵ
ƺ±˿ͷĿ־壬СΪȻغһǱܴͨһ㣬Ҳѧ˷һ˾ֻܴܣ
Щȫʱ˶УδţͷҲûأֻǰѰ§˵㡣
ͬʱҲڸһųӣ̫ڶĩˡ
ˣΪʲôҺʹҲҪ
ͷ벻ͨΪɶһڵĴ˻ҪһȺһ
ϵۣզͲʮмأһ㱻أǿɾһˣҸҲܸմ
ǼҾûгɵ
ɥɥ˸ԼмＸûɵͷŶӵʱ䣬ҽɹҩ
˵ʲôҲǴʯͷĳģ̥ģʵŶӣſﰡ
̫Сĺӻⲻҷ˵̫̣һ¡һʮ꣬˵;ͻỺ½һЩ츳ţǹضȥͣڣֱľ
ԣҪһӲԵı׼
ıԹԵðࡣ
֪㲻ڸ淭ǲŶӵģ֪һ⣬ǲĵġ
ܵǲﵽױһ˿á
дҪʮµķˣͳ꣬Լ֪޹ڻ
ԽʯΪޣͷܶ
ЦҪǵĿӲѣֱŷɽӰɽƮ£ǰĿյأΪ׵ʿĿسȺɨһۣһʱѻȸ
ʿ춷壬ӽͳΰںã̶ͳһЩ͸ʯСطϡ
иֳʿźöӣһǰ
ЩֽʿԴѹȸУҲҿˣҲĬĬѻܺĹκͷ̫ȫǰ˸ڵסˣʹصżҲ޼¡
׼ϵͳɽͼʱԵ飬뿴
šͷ
һᣬԼļϡຢӾŶӵȴ׾ڲš
취ȷʵͷ͸ߣͷܵ龰νһš
ϵǿ͸ʯһ۾ϳܼľʯ
ʱϵͳ̳־ʯļ۸񣬹ľˣ޹ڵԼһ飬ʡ˲ֵ
һȥһʮСӡ
ַʯͷϾУʲôҪ롣
ʾǰʯ£΢΢ŵذȥ
ʯûзκα仯
һ
ޱ˵
ôͺˣ
겻ĵ˵ҪϸƣŸհַȥ
һ
幫¹ظ
һʧɥȥˣȱһӲϡ
ǺӲ忪ڣذ˾ʯ
˸Ƿһ

Сɽķˣʮ֮ĺӹǧˡǸ൱ƴĹ
鱾ΪҪܾãû뵽Ĳ輫죬ֻҪһʯͷ̶Ϣʱܲһˡȥòʱܲеĺӡ
һյʱȥҲϰˣǾȻһĶûв
ˣ
ʯͷзӦˣ
ڣǰȺһɧ
վھʯԵ꼤ѣոտúԼַʯͷϵһɲǣһɫĹâ
ϧǸӵ
᲻¡
ΪϵΪšʿǵȡٶȣҲٶȣȻľԣһҲܴﵽѡ
ǰƷʵǲΪӵģؽ֣ҪҲûôϿˡ
óһľƸԸ⣬ȥӵŵӡ
ԸԸ⡣
Ǹϲʤæӹľơ㵱ŵӣҲɼҵˣվǲһġ
һԵţһеӴɽ
һֵùע˵ձȥһλ
վǰһһŮµĺͯװ׾Źֿɰһ˫̥
˫̥ȰСַ˾ʯϣʱâʢһһâ˸
̧˫
ճֽ֣Űĸȥ
һһĹâʧʯգۼӳһһ̵º͹â˿ȸѷɫ
Բ۾ˮľ˫
Сʯͷʲô㣬־ҪȺȥæµʿסǣЦ˫ܣ
ʿһһˡ
Χ۵ȺУƽЦͶֵˣ޲ǱˣǼҵƽЦ
Ⱥ˫յӵҵһ¾ʹˡǻһĺӻû⣬ھ°ࡣ
Ŷӵĳ̣һĺӣŶӵǡ˵Ҳ棬˫ͷһر˳ӶرϲѶ
ʱ磬ҶӲ
ΣҶߵʡ
ԼʦˣæĿǰѼ룬жʮʮĸϵһ˫̥˫
һԶ˫ҶЩ⣬ۺ룬㲻ˡ
ϵǧ˫ﶥ˲ˣҪġҶµǼλ״ӣҲ˫
ȴʱ̫ãſļͷСԴһһ㣬Щ⡣
飬˾һֵǻء
ҡҡͷϾŵʱ᰸ˣ뿴Ľ
Ҷ̸Ĺǡֵʱᰡ
ʱߵվŵĳǰ֣ĸһʯı棬һıɫ˪ԽѸٵزʯ
˵Ȼֹ
ʱԼ״һæ֣˺üϢʯڲ˪ڻָ͸ɫ
嵹һ
ϵ
е㻳Լǲǿˣתͷʦ
Ҷһݡ
ѰΪľˮ֣⻹еϡб硢סϡѰҪǿҲΪ
겻ǵϵϡеı
콾е콾
ҶⱲӾֻţϵϡƽһ
û
˶ĵӺͷǰ𾪣ҶҲûбֵùʧֻ̬Ǵǿ޹ڵӵƣԵݸʱᰡ
ʱ᰽ӹľƣԹԵߵͨĺߣȴʿӡ
ڵȴļ϶ʱƵͷ֪ʲôʲôϡֻ֪ǺԼļ𾪡
ǸϲڿһӸճĺ⡭̫ˡ
ʱᰲֵС
ԭԼⲻؿС鶼ͨ˼飬Сһִƺ鲢ûôѡ
ǶСްöһҲԣ
Сսȭͷᶨʯ
֡žʯһʯȻ˷Ӧ
ϵ
˵֣ʯһɿֹסͷɻһף
ֻʯϵȷֳɫϵɣ֪ΪΣĹâʮûзǸĹâ
֣ϵĹâİ
δ״ҶҶڡ
ҶСһָֻ֣סһƼº͵˳žڡ
ҶۣСھоߣӳԺС
ȺеǷ򸾼״һͷˮ
úõȥô?
ΣҶۣСǲܹ˻߷ùʲô
⺢ӵȷϵûһϵϡеúǸӡ;·ܹشļһľ޷ۼ
С֪ŤͷȺеǣ
æȺǰͷѯʣλҼСǳʲô𣿡
ҶֻðѷСһ顣
СȷܹˣιԹɽҲ¹ҩ
ʲô
⡭ҲǹӽɶֻǵǹԲԲģᷢ⣬ҶӺҶӡ
ǲ֪ѧֻƾżѹʵϸһ
¹ʵ
Ҷ϶ŭ⣬ǣ˭ιǹӵģ
ǱŵͣǹӲܳ𣿡
ҶһãС̵֪֪̾ԭģΪҸѾ޷ˡ
ǵɫһ±ɷס
ôأǲǿˡǹǺöǹӺСȻһգɽҩѾκ˰
¹ʵȷа˿Чã̺Ũ̷ֱ޷ɽҩѱ
Ҷźҡͷ⺢ӱιʲô¶С޴úһӾôṆ̀ˡ
Ҷÿ仰һشõû찵ء
ǹʵС˻ʱԸµģСѹͲ֪¡
ʱ֪Լȴ׵֣֮С׻ɵؽԭء
ǰŵ˵̸겻ѡ
⵵£˵
ǺͿٺõĶҲҸӳ԰
ǾǣɵϣӲӲޡ
Χ˵ۺָָ㣬ǵɫ׽ӣҧǰС֣۲ˣؼҡ
קС֣ӲûקŤͷֻС˫۷죬ŵһ㣬ִֵվԭء
ôڿЦһ֣Ӿ͹Ҳסһ֣һļƺǳСΪ¾Ҫ췴𣿡
㲻ҵ
С˦֣˻ߵغһɤӣתԶˡܻ¸׷˳ȥ
֪СˣʱСһӵˣܲ£Ҳû񵽵Ǳ˳
СŻڻһءʩչߣһ̾ͱ˳̼ܵʹ֪
ĵģǴĳ£ӵУȴɴˡ
֮ǰ͵Գĺƣȥ͵˺ܷ򸾿ص鵱ʱûнҲǿС
Ǵ̰ƣԼԸ˵Ȱ˵ͳͽ䶼ֻᱻԷ硣
ֶԼӵɴһ˼ԡСⱲҲԭˡ
飬ŵˣȥ⡣
񣬴ʱδһңûʣ¼ˡ
ҶĿɨʣļˣͣƬ̶̣ŵľСá
ȣ尡⿴ôҲˣȥϢϢʣµļ˾ͽΪʦաҶȻڶ˵
ʦͻĹģգգۣǲֻۣеڼȥȥͻء
ʱݣҶĻ
ǰļˣһⶼûϱ밲䣬ȴҲ֣űĺӵ࣬ûж˵
ŵ飬ֱߵڷžʯĳǰ뵽ʲôͷ˿ˡ
ֵܺϾһעЦŸ˸͵ơ
ɫС֣΢ľʯϡ
Ϣȥʯԭ͸ɫʲôҲûз
ҶеֵһεھʯϣʯȻų̡סɫ΢⡣
ϵ
Ҷͬʱݸһ޹ڵӵơ
л˵
ŮСˡ


87 
ľƴ, ̵߽ͨĺӶ
̫˰飬Ժǿһѧˡ
ʱϲãǰС, Լվ
š
ƺԤ, ôһ˼ģ
Ҷ÷žʯĶֿ, ֻ˷, ʿûһ⣬˸о쳣ˡ
鱻, ˾ϲ֮, еʮ⡣
һڵúܺ, Ҳ¶ֲͬӵĴϻ
˶ͳһ۶Ѿͷ龫ֵú, ¾СǺӶ츳, ǼҵİȻ˵ķ˹
ߺֵ硣ַھʯ֮ǰҶһ䣺ţŮ𣿡
ǣǹŮ, Ҽ
ʵ棬֪λΪη, ǰ츳ǰǹעδӵҲ˵ùȥ
Ҷͷ
ǰ, ɽ˵յӵ, ɽͬ, ֻ˸СҪ, ľĺӾ߸, ûսš
ɽΪҪŮ޿أ
ûǰҶмɻȻۿģʱһȻʡ
ɽɴʾˣû˼ݣֻںɽʱժɴӡ
ղŮͯѩӣһɺͯǳڣϸɽƣ޸ĸĹŮݣʵĲ롣
ǸŮͯ롭һɽ䷲˽Ů
Ҷۺ룬ΪԼĻǵޡ
һ֮Ͷ㲻ϣ޹ȫڿɶҪɽշء
뽫ɽŮº󣬿ɽ϶Ը֪£ֲܱ¶̫ԡ
ϵҲ˵ģǾϸϸ˫ֲ̫ۣӣպãŵ
شվԭأڵȴģҶԼ˼άɢг£ɡ
ָⴥʯʱʯʱֳһƬı̡
Ҷʱɫⲻһɣ
ȻĸϣƬֻһ΢տɫͬɫС̺иΡ
ϧˣľЩˮˮռֻһ˿͵䵽˫ķ롣
ľ˴ӯ㣬Ҳȥ
翴ʯı仯ֿҶæóһľƵݸšüͨˣ
ҶͰţúӣ»еɽ
ҵҽô죿
Ҷˣ˵˼ѡΪŵˣžӪҽݣɼһĳ
ΪˣһտʮˣΪҽޣһ¯ҩΰˣ㣬ѡһ·أ
һԼ뷨ˣͷ˫ֽӹľƣҶһ

ĹλСʿµӵ㹻ˣСʿչЯķзúǰվȥһ̨˵ĳλϵһοԳذˡ
̨һС쳯嶥ȥƿƲ㣬紵ںӵ޷˺Ƽĸо׷׵ɴ۾һգ۾ʹ
ǰŶӶ̫ʱ᰺̫ԶĵС֮Ļʱ᰿ŵͷ֪ʲô飬еɻ󣺡ôоһ㶼㲻𣿡
һ顰СĺǣķӦʵ̫䵭ƽ
鳯ʱЦЦûУֻ뵽Ժͼ˷ֿеѹ
ʱԣҲ΢ᡣ
Ҳ᲻뿪ףףֻ쵽ͷأܸ׸õ
·СʿЦŰο˵ģŹ涨ÿε̽׼٣ǿԻȥˣʲôҪӸˣŵӰæ
ֻһ˵ǣԼأȥľȥġŵӵףжӷ㡣
һֱԭҪʵû뵽ԼȻû
Ҷ÷ǰúʯûκθӦɽݺҶͨľΪŶȥ
ľձʱģûͬľ񣬺ܺñϡ
ˣ
ҧָ˼⣬ǰ͸о֣ɽ񣬺ԭٷ绽ףֻ仯ЩͨõСΨһʹõ漰еķطáͬġɽ񼼸ưļܡ
ֻоķ˲һ·ͻƴ˾߹ݣɡ
û㲻ͨɡ
ǾʣһֿܣӳϵɣΪĳЩԵʣ˷䣬Ϊƹɽͷĵɡ
ˣܿ϶Լʧһμ䣬ļ䡣
µ̨һ߶Ⱥ󣬿ʼƽƷУӹǰһɽ壬֮ǰǶֻԶԶңɽ˽ƽӷ嶥ŷÿɽϵľɫͽͬ
·Сʿô˸ǽɽ塣
һɽΪһ壬ƽվסĵطáūe󡢲ؾȣÿڴ˴̸۵һΣֻŵӿɳ룬ŵֻܾסɽ
ڶɽΪ鵤壬쳤ϹϽֲŸҩרʹá
ɽΪ壬Ǯ򣬵Ϊ壬ɸɽרΪͨϵʿ
С壬ҲҪȥɽ壬ŵĵӶᰲڴˣϽķֱٸݸλƫúͳѡסͬɽ塣
ΪƷ壬һڹžһؾڻȥĵطΪȥսϾǸؾÿֻȥһΣ׼֣ͱ˷ˡ
쳤ϣǮϣϣϡ
ǶͿʱʱѾĬĬס˸λϵϣԷԺϴ
·ʿ̨С嶥
С嶥ųƬĴ״˪ѩͨ˼ľеżзɹǸ޵ĺס
СѾˣǷľƱдǵԺš
ʱںӲŷľƱһдżС֣ɵǣʱԼĬЦͬһţסͬԺ䡣
½ɽ񼼲Ըıɽ򣬻ƶĽǷ㡣
䵽Ժǰ޹ڵСɽɽЩԺͨͨƵС嶥
áؾԼڽȡūe⼸Żɡš󣬻õʹ޹ڶ̶һڣ˻ĳΡ
ɽ壬СɽĲַ˲Сĸı䣬ְֶزָĶһ
磬ӵȡȪ㣬ԼҺԺٳһʯңľλƵ˺ԺʯУľҲˣͬʱˮ鵤壬ȪֱӽҩµȪƷ࣬ڲͬˮС
ȪֻԶã͸λԶһȵƷȪǷַĵǡ
ٱ磬ɢеĹŽɴѾƵƷ嶥ʿڿܡ
һݵĴ̶ͨС˵ӵÿסµӵԺڣһλڵĵӣΪ᳤µǵʳӺճ¡
Ժ᳤ճ̣ʹƣǸദģ᳤ÿӷַŵĵۣЩСĺӴž͵˴·۶ϵ˵ϡ
ĬЦڵСŸոꡣס죬ֺһȥѧѧȻİĻΨһε˾ˡ
һһҵرСһקסĬЦͬʱĬز۰Ͱ͵Ŀӡ
ϵ

һͷߣǵķ?
СһϵӵĹиɽʿ˭ʱᰡĬЦ᳤ȥѯǺ£ʿˣȥá
ĬЦץ½ǣĥĥزϳȥ
ȥĶǵ˫ϵĺӣӦǶοǵӦǺ£ģȥɡ
õԺſڣ᳤λʿ̸
µ˲ã˵λ˫һλϵ?
ֹһλҸմɽۿһλԼͻƵڵļƷ״и˫ֵܡ
ʿ˴ĬЦƺҲһãɵ¸пͷҲŴ?
᳤ĿɿڴԹԣţٶǲģЩʦֻҪĵɳ̲ˡ
Ķ䶯˶ǿ֮˲֪
ʦ֣ɽ֮󣬼ûһģæʿ
ʿҡҡͷδ
ʱʱҲͬĬЦһʿ뿪ˡ
ﲢδδźЩңԵӣδӦſҲ󲻳һζʵ𵶽ʲôģ

л˵
۵СǰףҳϦ֣󼪣Դ춼Ҫ~(ţ 3)


88 
µǶõ, ᳤ȥ˺ɽڳãȡյš
ŵƽͼʡ£ǳԱٹȵ, Ϊշյķ˵, ҲֻСνķˡ
Ҳ൱ͷϡЩ̲˸񡣺һ춼, ͷе̻ʡ
Сɽḻ, ʳʵе䲻ɼŵͷŲԸõǵ˼ڿڸ֮, ȶ, ٿ־ܸרע
ͷ, ŵζϡ, µʮһεظ, ڳõĳʵ̫ܲɶûúóԡ
ţǽصԺʱɫѾˣ繳, Ͽա
᳤Ϣһ, ϻҪķ
԰գֽشϴ, Ժʱ˼žĺڰ
ɽϵ½÷·ֿɼ, ҵɫԺ򷭵ġ, ҶĵӰҹԳצĹ
ǵ˷ܾһ, İɭľ¾Ϳʼˡ
Ժĵӷǰ, סһݵĵӶǺһ͵СޣеĺӴû͵ֹڱؿʣеĺźҪɽȥס
ԺѾ᳤о飬˶Զ޻죬ԺǵĿš
Ŀ޺ħΣֻٶȻСķѿֵĺӺ˯ţֱһҲڳҭԵɵɵ˯鷽Լıѣһ
徻ˡ
Ժﴫɽ춯̽ͷһԭǱߵʱ᰺Цͻˡ
Ц۾Ҳϴƿѣͷ˯ˡʱûлԼĴ齣ܵıԣüСʡ
飬˯û
û
ӣʱںҹ۾ٲȻһӵĻ˵
ʱᰣһ֪Ƿžʲôʵ̫ˡ
Ͷ䣬˵Ҳһ֪ҷžʲôͬأ㲻ȥλôôΪˣ
ʱҡͷǳʵ̫ˣмܲס
УͳǶӦɷǡģû뵽Ϊ״ӣˡ
ʱ˵õ˴սó졢ǮλϼҶĸͷΧһ𣬳ĭɡǹսӡ
һ㶼⣬ʱ᰿ϡеûбõ츳ˣĸ˶ᵱδĽӰģ˵ȥ
ǰ۹ã͸ԼԤδǰ;ˡ
ѡ˭ˣʡ
ϡ
ԴǻŴȺ󣬾һֱûǣҲ֪ҶʹʲôԻƣ˵޹˳ϡ
黹ͦȵġ
ѡΪ˵޹ڣ˼żûҪһˡҸʵףѲҰףϷʺ
Ͱͷ״ˡ
ǰٰŴ¶һ֣¶ʵϿɣ˶γһְ֮
ֱǰ죬ɽΰ֮ʱ¶һ֮ϵԭ
ԭ֪ŽСɽϽڵؾֱ֣ŽƵƷ嶥ǲŻȻԼƾմ˴˵صĸǱӦҶγϵҪʮΪڣԼѧ֪ʶڸСɽĵǣ
ʮ֮һͻȥ֮λǵɢޣɴ
ʱᰱ״ʮڰ󷨾ѧᣬʵ
ͬʱҲʱǶ˵Ϣ
˴ţһʱᰣһ
ֵḶ́Ϸ磬Ϊͳ걻СʿȺ֮⣬ֻάСʿͣѾѯܷѧϰ
СʿΪȻֻſڿӣķ˱ȵĳϳĪң˵Ǿˣ
֮£ֻ÷ųĶʱðһĿ棬Ⱥɧҡ
ҶɧҸշʱ͸ϵֳŪԭίԴȥʯһƬ죬ҶȼңǲͰһž֮ˡ
ҶҲר޻İ˹ŵӡ
类쳤Ͽˣ״ȥ鵤壬ĬǮϴȥ˷壬Ц¡С屾ϹϽɽ壬Цֱ˻
԰Ȼͽܣôûȥأֵʱᰡ
ʦ˵Ҫѧķ޹ڵʿ˲޹ڵķѧϰ
ͷȻԼķģֻķʿŵĵӣûԽʱķͨһѧϰ˾ٴ˶޹㹻ء
ʱ᳤˸һ֪˯ⷢģڿ˯ˡһӣرѣʱҲæصԼĴǰ¶ߡ

ա
컹δǱ᳤ؽѣְ˽ŵظϴȥСǰɽǽ޹ڵĵһΡ
¶ϯصʯשϣһŵĲţǰŹϣϷϽΡ
޾ʦ
ѧϰľ̤еĵһΪıʣͨתľȡΪãӶһع̺Ϊ硭
ڵ޹ľ˴֮ǿɽ޹ľɺһľɱ⡭
ϼķҪԺ󣬱㿪ʼ޹ľһƪµľҪľɬѶ̨²ٺƶǶ˯СԴһһΡ
ϼ״ɫָ΢ٿطǼ˯ĺӡ
ϣ
ʹ
ǽʹľ̴˯ѣŷź⣬·˺ݺݵصԹϱ
ڵһ˯ĺʱʱջ֣εЦ
Ůͯش˸飬ֲ˲ǵĿˮԹԵֱӡ
츳ڵĺǻᱻգοЦֱϵΪ״ӣ̻ԡ
һڿٵĺǶԹϱֻʱ᰺ˣһֱͷβ
ʱᰵһνӴɡ˵ȫȻδ֪磬ľҲһ֪⣬ųɫļ˵μ
ø棬ܸķΣٲȻѽ޹ľ¯ˡǰ밢ĶУûжãֻǽ˫֮ϣƷʽӲƵðʹ츳鷨࿹
ɼ޹ľȷһŲķ
޹ľĵһƪֻһ£Ĭ޹ľͬʱľ˵Ĳ裬ŽڵһۼĬһľھʱڵĿˮ̱Ӧ
תתԭֶһġ
Ȼû޷ʩչзڵȴʵڣӦõúãͿǰ㣬ƾ/˺
ԭȲ֪ȥڵָоͺһСӵ걻װһյĴڣһգȴ֪ôȥʩչ
ڸǵת֮ȴҪĶһֲƼգéٿ֮С
ϴҲ벻µڶෲ˵УһʵΣ˽ζ
գۼ䣬µʱȥ
ʱǲҪѧϰľҪѧϰһЩ֪ʶŵʷĻֵȵȣżҲῪ轲̳һЩڷ󷨡ҩĻۣͬʱÿ컹Ҫʱǿǡ
Щѡ޿ΡӣʵӲģɽͼСʱ䡣
ΨϵĿΣһҲûȱϯ֪ҲŶ޹ľѧϰս
ǵúԼԭǻأûɱ˷Ϯԭƾ۳һɫ赲һ󹥻ʱΪʲôǷڲ֪ԭʵֻǶȫѡ
ϣԿøԶڶ䣬ø塣˫ֺϿ൱һ㱣֣ɹء
ͨľҲܿ״̬
Ʃ磬һ˿ͱŰʿڣͻɱΣ෴ºͬԸʿˣȫʧʿ˲䲹
ʿ˵ޱҪ츳ɽײѾûôҪˣΪӵһֱΪ߽͵
Ҫ˵Ψһȱ㣬ڷ䣬ֻֻתɼ
ҪǽľҪѼʱָ߿ɼĵҩ
İ鷽ԼΪһλɡ
ϸǽµ޹ľϽĺӶľʱյĿûٽľǸÿӶһö۴Сĺɫ衣
˴裬֮ǻûǴʹ̣һõģķӦĿľǴǵĽǡ´˵мתҽڸǵ޹ľֱȫϣɹ
һʮʹߣֻҪͦȥǱ̥ǣȥ壬Ϊһʿˡ
л˵


89 
, Ͽ
Ƿ˿ͻƵڵıؾ衣̼ãһһγɹ, ĶСϱúǻȥ, зõҩ
صݣǶĵҩ, ˭ҵһ졣
黹ǵʱ龰, һ˶ʹȥ˵Щ, ǿĹ൱ڰѹͷɢ, һ翪ؾٿ̻Ҫʹ
Щ쳤Ƶ, ڴǵͬʱ, ӿɹļʡټѧϰ޹ľ, Ѿ֪οڵȻΣս͡
ŵĺôķ˺ɢޣһȥǡЩڵҩľıݻ£ļѾߡ
Ȼ, Щҩ̺Ҳ㲻ɹǣֻ, װºģڵӵϢ, Ūȥ
һ´ʱᰡ
統һվȥɱ˷, ֵƺû֡Ҳ֪ԼһµΪǿ, ʱҲӦһվ
ЧͼӰ, ʱ˾ӽ˷ˮ, ¶ڿеƤۿɼٶڼٱ죬յȫͨؾһֻз
ҧ´ʹġǲɱشӳݷͷſŶĺ飬սˣƺ֨֨΢λ
ĺǴҲҳڹעʱᰵĶ
齫һ˫ۣʱᰴ˿Ҵܵľת£Сס࣬߳ڵĹֱȥʣԳʵĹ⻪
ʱ󣬴ǳɡ
ʱᰳȴпǵʹһôʹпʮ
ЧʹʼȣԷߣʱǱԵҲֳĵɫ챻ӵɢסˡ
ӿʱֻǽ˫ۣЩ麹Ұ£ؿʱھļʹС
ָ˶סҪӿͷ
ǿǷ˳Ϊʿĵһعؿһأǵ־Ǽĥ¡ʱ֣ܰﵽʱᰣ
ʱһϣ궯һ˲ƽϢͬҵ˺ʵıջʱڻƽȵš
ɡ
еʹ⾡ţʱۣڵͫ
һԿĳ᳤ʱɨһȼյĳȣŵ۾
ӽһʱ˴ǺͿ޹ǰδеļ¼
Լ꿪ǻһһҹʱ䣬˱˰
ʱ᰻²о泩˵ɡ
ʱᰣоô
ѯ飬ʱشֲСĴڴϣһ˪գۼͽĴ̶˱ӵơ

ʱæ֣ϵıǲ䣬ͷ˴Լָ⣬оܡ
ͬݵĺǼһξͳɹˣ˲ܵģ̷´裬Ҳ׷׿ʼǿ
飬
ʱԺĽ䣬һСһűӨӨĵҩ
öţȻǵúʹһ¡
ܹٲʿڵҪõϡеԭϣڵĵÿ²쵽һöڵĵӶûã˵Щŵĵӡ
ŲʦǸģûã
òǣʱܸһ㡣
鲢ûнӣֽö̵裬֮ڻͳһСƿĵҩ
ԭв
ʱ᰾ôôࣿ
öҴģöĬģöǶģ
гǵСĬĽȱԿЩ˵ǰѾɹͻһˡ쳤޹һָĵޣδ״Ȼġ
òĲ˸
ʱ᰷ңĬĬڻȵĲִ˻ȥ

ÿӶʱһ츳󲿷˶ղųɹЩûܼסʹ˹ȥֻԡ
ڴϾգٶʱıԼϵϢտսвۡ
󣬾Ҫѡȥɽϰ
ʱȥ壬ڽľҲЦһ塣
֮Ȥ˼ȥǾС塣Ҳѧ޵ĵӣǽŵӵݺ°ˡ
ںÿʮƷʯĸ߼ۣСﵥ˸СԺӵ˶ס࣬ҲΪҶˡ
˺󣬳ÿµ̳Σȥ¶⣬ƽ㲻ڱչ
Ŀ£Ϊƾٶȴ򣬷ǳһͨӵˮ׼λֳСȴôΪزҩĵá
˿ô൤ҩɲݣǸϲ񣬶Ҳˡ
´ǿ
ڻǵ޲£αȰθž硣
һȻţܱߵزϱʿ̽ԽԽźͳڴص֮࣬ˢˢøжȣǵԸܼضڻֵ
ۣСϵľɫʱࡣ
תۣǾ֮


90 
ڲĹ֮, ͸ï֦ܵҶسʪȣһ״Ѳ, ֦˿дҴ, ΢
һֻ峤ųߵĳྦͻýƵرۣԾɵԽС, ڳ̦޺ʪһצӡ
ྦǰצƺ, һηԾغǰצպòһʯ, ʱһ¡
ŮĽͬʱڳྦ
ľز
Ԫͻ
ֵ, ûྦ֫Ųƣྦ˲䱻, ¶Ѫ߰ߵļ, 곯˷ŭ, Ҷ졣
һɫķٷ׼˳ྦϡ
߷Ϲâ˸顱һྦҽжδü, ͱһɡ
ȼ⽥, Ҳһճ˿٣֧Ųסѳ, ճ˽ڵĻʬ, ڵ, Ƶ졣
Ůڻʬ, ȡذ, һ߶ؿƶǣһΪϧ磬»زҪûˣ⻢Ƥս˹ֿϧģʯأ
ŶϧȻûϡ
Ů¶ͣ¸пȡʵ̫ԶȡĬ֣вһܻش£Բ˵֡
ЦĶܿ죬ϢĹ򣬾ʹӻҵ˻ѪԲͨ͸Ĺ⻪
ƯҲ֪ʱǱߵսΣ˳Ǿܻȥˡ
ྦһޣ鵤ɿһ𣬺Ƕ죬δȳྦһȻٲҪһ
ྦڵĻձʯҪӲǴ˴εĿꡣ
⻢õҲݾơ
ڽɻսʱȫȻδһȻϢؿị̦̄Ϊһ壬ʪҷУ
˿˿ž綾ʺţö˱ӰͫŷâŵسЦĺҧȥ
ಡ
һɢŶ˺ı׶ЦͷƤֱȡţͷ׶ڶһʯϣ׶ڽڶѣʯ򱻺
ĬЦѭȥŷ֪ʲôʱôһʱëһ亹
ûбǵ׶ˣǰԶͻȻðֵһһŮ
ʱüĿʿ㣬ü֮µγһϮˮɫıۣһͷͱȳྦҲضõĺëܣɫָź
ǵ׶ǳ֡
໹һλŲȷɽŮŮõ۴˪㴩Ż˵ĵҲɫīβԭƫº͵˼ˬ
Դ˾ȾʧãŮԵóܶࡣ
ʱᰣ飡
Цͬ˾ǰ㣬˵ķȥʱͶҲͻȻ˶⶯£һǿѹɢ
ϢȻҪǿ൱ڽ𵤾ʿߵϢ֮ǿԪӤڵʿƥС
Ȼʱ˿̵Сӣֻʱһǽ𵤺ڣĬЦǽڣŸո𵤾á
Ĵδʮʤ㡣
鼱֮£ʱñ׶˶ͻϮȴûðȻҲǴǡ
»δΣҲͨ˵ǻۡ
һǰˣֽܵλµͷܣܶԼвʵ̫СΪ塣
ȻԽթɣ͵ϮõʱĸϣӮҲҪˡ
Ƭصǿߣ̾ƬŨĵط²֪жڻСһڼ롰ıȨλɾͿˡ
ԥ㣬Ƿ񻹻㡭
ڳһȽֽ֮ʱԺͻȻһǵŮ
[¡]
һ㶡
ڳֻŮԣһֳֶ̽ٴеطһ
ϣӣϢȴΪʲôĪּɵĴ
ԵİܲĿ⣬ηֿ죬Ӻһͳ˻
ʱΪսɱ⣬׼ó֮ʱȻǶƺܵĺ壬һŤ˴֮С

ܼ״Լˡ
ֻԵغһ°
ʱᰴܱϷأǰĬЦǻ𣿡
û£Ц̽ջؽʣû뵽ﻹǿޣˡ
ѹ֣ղֻྦƴҲҪƬ꣬赶ɱˡ
üʱЦһЦеİܵԴҲѽ
ܵض˶ϵë
һԵĬĬΣ̲סڵǲôܵΪΪʲôȻ뿪
̸Цʲôֵģ˵ݣ⿿ɤӾˣ˭
ʱҲͬ˵ߺȻҲδ֪֮ûǼ¡
Ҳδɣһţǽʱ֮ѡ
󣬿ԣΪԼ¡
Щ꣬黹ǵһʹϵغʹ
𡭡ء
ǵûѾˣˣ
ܶĴãٶǿԼѾʵ
ʱգ۹ȥĬЦСܲͷѾ˼ִģ˵ʱ᰺Ͱˡ׳ȸСɽʱһȦؾǧٽ
Ц²ۣһڱͷܼ׳Ҳֻ̡ˡ
ʱ̿ת⣬ѯЦ£õ𣿡
һţأ
ʱڣչģöڹâЦԵõģһöպÿԻȥ
˼ǶȥһҲûжɽ̤˷̡

ϦգԣӹһƬ߳ɫĴء
ǰ˶רĸ·Ȼͣʱ᰼״һͣ£ѯʵ˹
ҺȻҶҰЩݣ⸽Ȼȥȥȥ
ȥʱᰵ
á
ʱֹ̬ȴܼЦ˵ǲɸҩѣȥһ죬׶Ⱦܶһ㡣
׶Դ޹ڽɵĵ꣬ҶԴſڵĸʾƣӶд󷢣һ´ʩ
ոʾƣһ⣬ɳɿľ񷢲ֻҪض񣬾ͿԻӦŹ׶ȡ
޹ڣ׶ȼֵͬʯȪΪ׵ĻңūeͲؾһҪĵҩؼȵȡ
׶ȵĿǰֻ͸ϿԷͨŵӿóʯȸƷȥСȴ󵽲ɱޣÿ춼ϰ﷢ȥ
Ѱҳྦ񣬾峤ϸǷģҪöྦۣһ̣ǰŸշ񣬺״ʱ᰾ʹСǽˡ
׶Ƚ˾ֺÿ˶Իһķ
Ŵһ𣬲ȻҲġ
ʱᰴ޴ݸ顣
޴ﺨ˯İܣ֪Լôת˳ȥ
ѲãϾУԼǸڵСӣ绹ȹ̣δ֪Σ絥ߣʮΣյġ
ȻȥˣڣʡǵġЦ
ͷӦº󣬺˵ԭض˻ȴǷԶ󣬲žֱƬɫظ䡣
ľĶϷǧصλá
ûûӦþǴ˴ûˡ
ʱᰵʱԼȡʱǾܾģ֪ྦûľ󣬾ͺȻ⡣
ΪִĿĵأǰϵͳһλüص
ƣ̫ɽ
ӺԭԪĿе֪һɽŽɽƺһǿδ֪أǰȥ̫ɽһ̽
δ֪
ʱᰵǰĿǳྦĿǽ
л˵


91 
еĸ߶ԽԽ, ֱ߶ȻʣʱŷɽɽͷѲӡ
ֲϡȱ, żʯﳤǿᲱ, ׺ſݻƵӲݣɽ, һ˼ͺɽ, ȷѰɽŨ⣬һҲǸĸء
ڸתһȦ, żֻɳĮ, ȫûĺۼ
ԭƭϵͳɲᡣٲ, нϢ
ڷɽҲʲô, ǲаա
ӷɽһԾ, Ь̤ڵ棬֮ĴͷЬ⻮¡ԶԶؿţΪ֮ԳʳɫһɰԵ, ʱŷǼӲʯʵء
ʯǳɫ, ְ
ǲԳྦɽͷԵȴ, Ĵǳ, ºܸҸ, ķ綼ȵ, ϵʯ̵ܼ弦, ֻ꣬¾ͱûˡ
಻Զòôôأ
£̤Ƭ𣬾ƺһ޵δ֪ϢƬأĪļ¡ԭ˵Ϣ΢ݷ֪Դͷںδȴ޴ڡ
ںڶΣСɽˮڵˮܶУľľ׮ôλá
黷ܣΪûʲôľڵԵʣҰʮֻֿǼԴʯܲܲʯͷɣ
λð˳ɾɽ¡
ӴͳһֻСľϻ򿪣ѰС־ľϻǴ򿪵˲䣬ֱϡ
յıֱϴǿҵرһ󣺶ˡ
ǸƷʼû׷棬ЩһֱסľϻûŲѣСľϻƺҳˡ׼һСԲޣֻɣҡ
ĳֻҪоƺȣʲôҪ
Ʒʮ֣Ҳ죬Ļ¸ơֵֶֶ̳¶ǣʮع˹ĶƤ
Ա˾͸øɻˡ
ſֻܸܵϸ΢仯һȷ紵һ˫۾ɵùԲһԴҡ
δȲؽǱֱָ档
̫£ſڵϺúøǱϢֵĳһ棬ͷͼһɽζ
汻̵һ߸ߣϽְֻıˮ챻ˡ
ϽѾװľϻ˰ϻӵȪ£ͼȻ
һᣬȪķЧĴǶ¡
лѰ⣬ʺͨıûʲôΣⱻĺܴ󣬷˸ٴλ˯˹ȥ
鲻ɵ̾ôÿضڹؼʱӰιôþˣ
žָʮȷҪѰıڵû
ڵ£ȴҲڣֻһ޼ʵͺɽûڣʯ˼ӲѲҪӲڸڳ
ûھ
°˼һȻ뵽һƺеİ취
һ·ɵɽĶ壬ȡʱ᰸޴򿪴ڶ˶˯İܶ˳
أ
ǰڰܵĶӱ˯ˣɻˡ
˯ңȫѹΣָסĺڱӡ
ܱòһûãԲۣڳٳߵ飬Լ˯ǰȫͬĻ߾ɫʱ
ԭתȦԴƮŴʺš
أ໣
ˡ
ⶺسһӵЦ
ʱᰲڣû˳ܺʶʱز˲Ĵֺá
ŲأҲܵİˣ
Ҳⲻ˸ɻ죬ھʹкͻ
ء
һã䲻ΪԼôʵʵˡ
ֻʵǿ׳ǰƸ߸𣬼̶ʹ棬ʱ
ͻ
԰ܵΪԲģ϶Ƶѿӵɺͣ

ܳգգۡ
ûͷҪٴһ㣬
˵εס˫֣˫ȭԾ𣬴һͻ˫ȭڵʯϣ춯صһ졣
˲ʯŽܱĳ۾
۾ʱѺʧˣȡ֮һľ޿ӡ
ܺݺݵ𾪵ˣôʹĺͻԼ񺳵ͻ
ںͰܵĺøжǵ90ͬĵɽ񼼾ͰѰƼܸƹˣֻ̫뺷Ů󲻷Դûǰù
ѧ𣿡ʡ
ܵͷһһٶʹһκͻһ鲻µӡ

Ͱܾôһȭһȭ·ô̫ɽɽͷڷ
ͻ
𣡡
ڶʮµʱѺѾӶһ·鲼ɽ壬·˿ǵļ᧿Σ
һɽ巢˺¡ϵ̮죬һʯһذ䣬ɳƮɣ۳һСĢơ
ɽ˲䣬ͽջ޴ͬʱԼƮڿУŲæǡ˸С磬ԼסֹŪԼȹ
ɽͷôǸˡ
ҪǸɽɽǵøƴɡ
ҲǻɽǸɽûٴŻѡôȻΪȡɽҲ̫ɵˡ
̳֮ɢȥ̫ɽѳһ̯ʯϱڣɽеҲ޴ӶΡ
ɫʯУһ貵Ľâҫ۶Ŀ
飡
鵱½ϿĨâ
ž鷢ǿŽâʱʱ֣ƺΧʲôת
鶨һǱ鲻ϻƵĶȻһѹŽ
ѹŽƺɽã޹⣬ǻҳǾþɳһѷϽʱѵģ㶪мҲпǮ
ȻѽɢϢȴ޷С
ڼŽĵһۣͿƶ̤̫ɽǹ޵ѹϢѹŽɢġ
ѵǡڹѽ
񵱳ľԵ
Ǽöðײá
ŽĽʯУֻ¶Ͱûԥǰһס˽Ѵ֮ͰǹŽ˳
ϸһĽڿл£Žе⣬ƺûʲôر֮
ӦðֻͨĽôôӵȲѰѹء
ĥƬ̣̽
չȥһ˿ѹŽ˲˷Ӧ·ɳĮпʶ˵˳Ե˵һʳֹ鲼Ļҳ֮䣬й⻪תֳԭİ·
ŽѾѣضϹһʱȴȻԼĿƣȫŽǣŲҪš
·ģôʹ޷ԼĵϴֿѹŽһ޵׵ĺڶ̰ڵ
ڶʱڴʧʱͷĿѣͷؽĸо̶̼Ϣʱ䣬ͱ⽣ȥ˴룬ۿҪףЩ̻Լôѽ˸ɰɣ
ûꣿԵͲˣôԼˣ
Ⱦ⡣
ѽƺĻֻǴԱˣ롣
վȣڰеĹŽ
ǰɳĹŽʱģ䣬׾ִķı鲼ϻһƽ˿룬ɱ⻷ƣеӳٵĺ⣬Ͳдšˡ
ķ£ڳϹл
δ鿪ڣǰѹŽಡһƿճתһȦƺȷĳһǣ˲ʧߡ
鲻ŵؿԶ
⽣󣬾ȻͷҲصطˣ
Ϊ˱ʲôûšһҭ
ˣѣ͵ýĴ۰ɡ
ԿοԼҡҡλε顣
ǰѹŽ뿪ֹͣתĺԭأʱϰûУȡŽҴ׼ԭشһָһЩ뿪
Ȼհѽսʱַˡ
µ̯ʯѿʼҵزؿʼֱѿ׵϶һĲԶĽŵӡ
ƲҪɣκտգػδһɸߣûӳ֣صˤȥ
үġ
鶼ûü㾶ֱ׹˿ѵĵطС
л˵
㻹һ¡


92 
ݵ׹ʧغ, ʵʵˤһҵϡ
鰥һˤʹβվϷѿ, ĵ϶ֻǿ, ʵɶȻһˤ, ôҲҪ¿Ѫ
Ƶһܶ, ±ȵر¶ȻҪߣûһ, ȵСͨ졣
һҲû, ϶ֻɸߣû, Ҳȥ
ֻԭȴ, ָ
Ȼ, ûãĬĬվôôȰ涼ƨɣ
˿µʯأ鷢ҵصɫȵرӳ졣
ɻ֮, Ҷߣÿһ, ¾͸һֱ֣ͷ߳˺, һ, ֺǰʲôڶ
첽߽, ֱֵ϶ͨҺ֧, ·Ҷ, ҵϻţʱʱཱུըݡ
ǡҽ
ѹִ˵ͣôҽڵر£Ȳżˡֲǵģôôҽ
˳Щҽ̧֧ȥֻھʮԶĵطһȻγɵɽڵҽأʱʱҽγЩĽҺ֧
ҽӵϿգһŻɫԲƯĿԡ
۾ɳˡ
𣬻飿
ͬһɽﾹȻ飿
ھϲһ˿š
Ϊǵú֮Уǿ˽İͬһɽǾȻ˵ġ
⵽ô£
˼ԭΪǴ˵˽飬֪˭һѽڴ˴ǹŽԲɢ
ڿֻпǴ˵ԭǻǰѽ˴ǽԴ˽顣ҴӽỷǰѹŽŽֻǸӹŽ
ѹڣϢ΢ݽߣǶˡ
Ϊˣ޷̫ɽ֮Уż˸ĵصס
һɽͷ澰
ҲΪˣ´˵̬ңӣûжԸڴϢֲҲ̫
ͨ˵鿴ŲԶĻ飬¸пǸ
һھýе㵹ù˿ֻ̣ԼֱǸǸǼ˿ڱ
鿴˿ǰǹðݵҽȻ壬ҲסҽţҪȡҽĵĻ飬õָС
ӿ飬ŨȻ¶ȸߣڴ˴ܼӿָ
еƨɡ
һӴóһŻƤǰʱ᰺ͷྦʱȥ񣬶ƤʯĶ
ྦǻԵޣƤëһĿԣÿƨ档
齫Ƥ£۾ת޹ľʼȴȡƯںڽתΪ
ʩһλһٸλתΪһλ
ίʵá
еش֮ʱԴӭλ֮͡
ϱ㿴дԴûգ
һĿָųſҵңͬ긾ˡ
ǣһֺŮͯŮͯԼָ꣬ͷĳˣһ˫۾תǺ档
㻹ңʶʶ㻹֪Ҹ·Ҳǿ
û˵
ǱӵˣȫϣԹԵظ̾Թԣ⻹֮ǰǸСʮû仯Ҳ߯˵ա
ѽ԰һϡΣһǣźӽ˳ǡ
һУǸǱﷱʢ־󣬻λۡ
Ľֵͨ˴ͽרŵĳеһж滮ľַǷķУ̷֧Ÿɫ̯λߺȣ˵ģϹģֻģӦоС
ӳߵǶŮͯˣһѵ⡣
·ʱͷǸƵɽûס̾һ䡣
ò̫񰡣ɽÿˡ
·һλСˣúЦֲмʲôţҪǼɽҾͺʴ۰ݹӣ
ӱҭһ£ҲûϱӼǶߡ
ǿߵſʱһߺǵע⡣
һƿһϣʳ¯ķɽȥլɴұܴ߹·Ҫ
ʲôôլ
򸾺߽֮Ϊ󡱵ĵ̡
Сӭˣ͹Ҫɶ
Ҿ뿴˵³ķ
˵ķɽˣҲûһˡ
С˴ͻæеԱȥĲżȡ
Ӽ縺Σָܷ򽣵ʯʵڲ࣬е㲻˼ʣ۲ɣ
󲻹ҪǶҸۣС´һİɣԭǿͣɣһѷɽҸʮӣô
ķɽȻʯ˵
Ӷʱü˴ˣͷúúãҶ
ԱܿȡѳСЦеתӡ
ϸϸһֻѽã̵ķѾģȫʧȥ˷ɽãֻѷ
Щⷨģû
Сԣ⽣úõģǻģɲҪѪ˰
⽣ã޷Ӧƣ
Ӷų˸ѳ˿޸Ӧ
Сʱήˣٶȴͨò˵һڣĿİͰ͵㻹ʿ
ȻȻʿ˭ɽ
Сίѣɽ˵İ
Сʧ֮ήһʱ䣬ǶϾ˸ӹϵ
ʱƣСҲͷˣȻǺ绽ʿͺúõͨķˣҲܵüǡ
мӪ̵ͷԣķ˸һųžηͺ棬Ǳһ
ǰúõķС޹ڵŵӣС뷨ϵǣרȥһЩ޹Ѿ̭ķƷٰڷڵ߼ˡҲ֪Щǲǻģȥã޷ӰˣЩʿõ˵ķҲ
һòˣȻļ˼ˡ
Сͷûʿ֪˸ֱӡ
߳ţС²һ䣺˾ķɽȥ޹ڰ
С˵򸾴ĿĵҲ޹ڡ
Ǿֱ˳Ƕ޹ڵɽ£޹ڵĽʯֱӾͿ˷޷ڡ
ģǻûüɽͱſڿصŵӸˡ
ʲôģŵѯʵ
Ҫɽ뵽ʲôֺȻĿڣҪ
ŵӴĹˣ
ǣӴӻóһͰͣЩƵֽծġ
ŵֻһۣЦλ̨ĪǺȸˣŪһŲ֪Ƿذɣ
ɽױдģ
ɽǷǮ˲ֹɣŵЦ
ӴӽǱǺǱƣʱֱ⳰ЦһΪֱӽѹͷš
ԪӤѹϮڵСЦֹɫһף亹乵عڵأͷҲ̧
ʱŸѲߵŵԶԶؼ龰æһǸԴһȥ塣
һ壬С
ҶǰŵһڣǴŶصĲ²Ьӿž͸ׯںûʲôԪӤϢü٣Ҳ޷ʿ
˵ծģ־ݣ
ŵֽ֣ǿɱˡ
ٴ˰ǷϣҶ˫ֽӹֽϹȻдһ֣ʶ˳СɽɽǷܷʮʯʮƾǷСɽȡʯ
ҶǼּģʱʱ򲻷ǰ壬÷ɸ봫顣
ֵȷɽױд
ܷ򸾣Ҷüʡ
Ӵϣߵպڣܣ𣿡
СɽΪ˫Եʣÿ궼вȪ֮ԴԶ˲ɢǰÿ޹ڶյӣԼķѣѾʦתͶ޹ڻҳˣȡһʱѡ
ԴÿҲһʳ˰գٸ̶ӶһʺʯĻۣſӯóʮƷʯծǲٻµġ
ڴԺȥȥʮƷʯǡ
˭˵ƷʯˣӺȻ
Ҷ¿һǷȷûдǷʲôƷʵʯһѲƷʯ
Ʒʯۿﻹܳġ
Ʒʯ
Ҷԣϻ
ҵɽ̣զǷôǮ
ǰ޹ͿҲòôʯ
л˵
ܣ۾˵нзΪ


93 
Ҷ˲ϵĺ, ǿ򶨵⡭ʮƷʯСɽ, Ҫܶᡣ
˭֪ɽʲôʱ, ҿǾʱ䣬뻹ǮǷ, ھҪ
һûĿ, һԵĸᳶڣô᲻̫˰թҪǰޱƼ, Ǽ²ˡ
ֲںʵĴ, ˸˵ֱ˸ĵ
ʵ, ʮƷʯ̫, ļҲһòôλ̨, ܷ
ҶʵͽֺںĶԷǷǮɽֻ÷ŵ̬
ʱ, еӷ˲ˮ
Ҷ˸ƣز裬Ŵ, ̨ܲȳ
, ضյ, ѧҶŵøӹȥĲĭ, ̫, ˮ, ʪ½ǡ
װʲô¶ţһں󣬰Ѳ豭ĬĬ˻ȥ²ۣôϲⶫֿѺȡ
ʵ°ɣҲֻҪܴӦһ£Ƿ㵱ϡӺȻ
ԣҶɫûиɣˣܵծʮʯ¶һûôס
ҶûһڴӦʣʲô£
ֻɤӣʮ˵Ҽ޶Ҫѧ
ҶΪԼˡ
ʵŹξר̹ġһɷͣûɶѧʣҲʶ֣ΪȫԼܲúԺһߵĶЦäѾȥ˺üţǶաֻҪ־ͺãԻæҼ޶ա
ǴŮͯѾˣһָմŵǽֺҲԵöǣһҲǵ̸
ӼҶһȣΪԸƹˤغߺߵҪôҼ޶ڣҪôʮƷʯ㿴Űɣ

̫ɽĵҶ
ڻƤȴһۣһ˸
һһҹŻָ˲֮һ
Ҳ㹻ˡ
ûżȥý飬ǹ۲ұϵʯͷ
Щʯ֮䣬ǱĬܵӰ죬γֳɫᴥĳұڣԺеϵͳ
⣬ΪѪҿֻڻͽ֮ϡпʯڶ취ȣʩչϵ档
ѪҿɵϵԱȲ齭˪ǿ
еϧǣЩʯ˿Ϸұڣͬǽȡһ黹ãǽ価ȡߣֻ»ɵرݣΧļɽ
ˣ˽飬ûпʯ
ȡޣߵļܣֵҽϷһ˦βعס飬׾ٵĽС

ȡ˻󣬾ֱ϶µҶɳ
뿪֮ǰɨһ۽ŵ׵̫ɽ
û˻飬ر¾ͲٻȵҽҪ˶þͻָ¡û˽飬ЩϡеĿʯҲʱţ𽥱ͨĿʯӲҲָ
ͺͺĻɽ˵һջ³ܵľֲһЩǰס
ϵͳϲ̫ɽ顣
Ƕǰ׷ɱԭľʱӵģʱдһΣԣغȻأɽƫ࣬սδǡ
ص·;ңԶ·ϾҪʮ£ֱգŽ񳹵ɡ
ҲеңԼûðȻǰ޹ڴ⼸꣬ѧľҶ̳ķּ˸֪Ҳ˲١
Ǿǰǵñǽʣ
һ뵽ǰѽ黹ǾеϧһѽһķС
׻ǺǹŽԵ֣޻ԵıҲᣬǰѽԱѣż뿪ȥѰȥˡ
ҹڻصԼҵء
ֱɵСɽɽϿգǰԶԶؿԼԺǰһӰ
ڽˡɽɽ񼼺ͰԼסСɽְθЩɽԭĸ߶ûб䣬סԺƸЩǿаθ˸߶ȵСɽȫɳ֮ΪСҷ塱ˡ
ɽ嶸Умûе˸ԵϷ嶥ϣĽӳ£ҲֻῴһտҲƽء
ԺƧˣÿմԺţܿ±ߵ죬Ⱥɽ䣬ɫƽ˼ֻޣҲֻҶͼλϻԺ㱨һ
ʱԺſڵӰҶ
æһɲϵĻû޹ŵӵĵ۱ϼɫȹɴ棬üҲϸ΢ı仯
ҶԺǰϯش·붨˰㣬Ҳ֪˶á
ഫҶӾоѣæɽˡ
£
ȷмҪʾ
ҶЦŴӻͳһֽ˫ַϣǰգһԳƺܷ򸾵ķޣǰˣ˵ǷµծóǷ
Ҷ˵ծ黹һͷˮֱӹǷһ¡
ǷȻֽŷƣãܷЩǽǷ͵ʮ֮ԼһǮˡ
̿Ƿģô£ȥʮƷʯǴ߱ˡ
Դÿ˰ղ٣̶ӻʯÿ궼ʯĽ޹ڽ˰һȫȨҶֵֻȤʯȪ֮඼ѷ޹ڵĿⷿ
Ҷһ㶣ƷʯƷʯ𣿡
ҪʮƷʯҪ
üͷ¹ʵг۾ʮƷʯҲŵۣڴǷʱûиע⣬дƷ֣ܾҪۣҲûôİɣ
㲻˰ɡ
ûУûУҲòôʯ˵ĺӽѧϰȥծҴӦˡ
ܷ򸾵ĺǲһôҶôһͷڵӡ
еĪתϸ룬ˡ
ҶƺΪˡЩȥܷ򸾶ǻγɹˡѾεĺӣջεѾɵ˽Ϻĺһ
һʮƷʯô
ͺá
ûж˵ͷҪ¾ǸϿȥںе㲻̤ʵ콫ں˲ܰġ
б𣿡ʡ
óе㲻ͷҶæһ£̶ǰյִͷһʯֻǵҪ۱Ҫߣ˵սʯ̫࣬ǣʾһ¡
ԣ΢΢һЦ߷ԪԺǶʯˡ
л˵
ܣͷ޶ѧѰ
ĸ֮ǰBUGϮ˷ݳŮڶǰмдˣԭ߶֡


94 
ֹ̻ͣṺʯɽ, ͷʯֻ̻ķԪҲܶſϽЩʯ, Ϊ۸, ǿٹһЩȫȻ, µŴ, ֧ŲסĿʯİ
ҶΪȻ֪ÿ̻Ṻʯ, һʿ, ʲô취أСɽʯ, Ÿɽ, һĿҲ
ŵճС, 󲿷ֶЩһ;ĵǣҪʯ෨ǸԼǷͬţûпʯ, ൱ڵûҩûзֽ, ĵǲ췴
İʯ, æȥ, мҪչ, ûд, Ҫű񡣡
ｫҶ, ԼתԺ֮С
Ժ£Ϻ˯ϰ޻棬԰װʹϹ𣬿вҺõζֻʣ±ӡ¥ıʶա
ȥĸζлһŨˬĲ㣬ǰСͤͤǣ׳֦ɴԺǽɳȥֱ̽мֵڹľʱģ
㾪ãʯȥȻһſͷűͷš
챻ǺóԺúȵعţĹƷ󲿷ֶĶӡ󿴾һԲ򣬻ϲſ磬ܸоԼ챻ѹɸߵͼˡ
ʲôöˣϵôŨ
ûлشֱӴŻýʯҡ
ʯΪ˴ľרŴģ涬ůʯҵ룬ڷһʯ̨ľ龲ʯ̨ת
齫𡢻ͬʱȡɫĹâʢ˲佫յû硣
ۣ͵鰡
üһߣצӣǳĻ顣
ǣȻҽضܿ죬ȴ̣ůůģڴһŹ⻬ˮ󵰡
ƾ֣һտɫˮָġ
ľ֣ϸѾһһľһһʯΪһ壬൱һ֣ðɽɽ񼼣طΧȡƶںϵ顣
ѻ𡢽ˮ飬ͬľһڷʯ̨ϣľˮѾڣˮ鿿ľʱͬˮ鼴̾ģľ罺һ𣬶𡢽̱ǣţ˴תڡ
졢̡ɫâ·׷תӼʦµС򣬰˳ʱķתš
ҰʯұɢĹâӳյʰ쵣ͫҲʵӰڴһںֻᷢı仯
ϵͳ𡢻ںУںʣʱ72Сʱ
ǵ֮ǰںˮľ鼸˲ںˣξȻҪôá
˼ΪľˮںͿ죬𣬻鱾ˣͬʱľˮֻͬԷӦˮ𣬵ǽֿľĿڹ̣ԶȵҪѾöࡣ
նѣ˵ܰȫһֱȵںϳɹ뿪
ո·ڵһֱûָȫýںĹָܼ
ÿ˿۴飬ֿ˿ĿɢŨ飬һѸܻʯ⣬Ϣ֮󣬺رԼ񴲻ˡ
ðʯ̨԰ںãչԼСȥ£˯Ļ
˿ĵطҲΪѽ

Ҷס뿪󣬾ͻصһ塣
ԪţϹ޹ĿнƷĵƣǷ֮ҲɳŽʯ
Ԫ̻ḱ᳤ݣ͸ǳصҶ鲻ǳЩ꣬²ְȵظԴ˲а˳ɵ˿ڶǷԪ͹Դڶ̶̵ʮڣһ˿ڶ˵Ĵׯڳפ˿ڽĳǳأԪû
ˣҶҲмӣûĸȴˡ
Ԫæʣɽô˵
ɽ˵ԺͲʯˣ᳤ԽЩʯҪĳ򡣡Ҷ
Ϊʯ̫ôԪһɬļؽͣЩʯԼģ˫ٺɽﶼĸԸЩ̻ģһҲʵ
ɽԼ壬Ψͼ֮ˣۿԴǵӱã߿ʯ۸񣬷Ԫ޲ھܵɽǰģҷĳ̰֮ˣ
Ҷοɽû˼Ұġ
ô˵Ԫ΢΢˿
ʯû̸
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ڵϵĵǻ̿ίæΪԼ⣺ÿ춼аʱЩҩݣʩʣûһи죡
ЩҩΪʲôǡǽӦҩȪ˽£ʹӳ٣
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Ϊ鵤洫ӣæȥƽϢɧҡ
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Уһλǰѵĵһųˮ
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ǰȪۺȻȪˮˣȪˮȡһվɣֱӵصˮλ½һࡣ
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ˣɽСɽԴɽ塣ɽȻϣǻӤԴȦڻУ

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Щ޳û֫㣬״Щ򾣬Զªֲֿö࣬ǵͷû۾ֻһźԴȴѪڣһȦɭɭ
Щ޳峤ɣСҲгӰ峤ҷǰٶȱǻҪһء
ЩȺβ˵Ķ𽥱泱׷ϣ޳һˣԲ;Ӱ֣׽ûзֱӽ̳¶ǡ
ЩȺĺ󷽣һϹľ޴϶ƽԭϣԽԽħ϶飬ʤ
޶ʱë𣺡⡢ⶼЩʲô⣿
޹ɳ桭
һ亹üǣĬϳЩ޳档
żȻŹż￴ֳӵħֻħԨ϶ԸбȰ̳Ѫ⣬û۾ȴż
ֻħħ棬˽ؾУʵ̫˼ˣ
ƴȼؾĳڴӣЩ޹ɳĵսǿһһ˭ܴùͻڳȺ̫࣬һЩȺ׷ϣֻ˲ͻᱻ̳Եʣ
ؾͶѹƣֻʮߵİշУϣֲɿϢУѡ
߶ȣ޹ɳֻҪᵯܽɽϵһҧ¡
һ·̶ûɵ˵ͿҪˣ֮£ֻóЯĲʱ
ħԽ׷ԽɽϵҲЩ֧޹ɳ⻬ƤѩصͷƤ顣
Σͷֻһӣһʹֿҷʽʱ䡣޲ҪǮؼԼƵķµĳȺȥȻȺʵ̫࣬һ޳浹£գۼµĶϡ
һѪڳϮȥҪλ첲޹ɳļһѪڡ
ŵѪζ޹ɳ˷ܣͬһʱ䣬ͷ޹ɳ泯һԾ޶һž޿ڣ÷ֵסһͷʣµһͷٷֲκεľȥֵؿѪھҪԼҧ¡
֣ң޾ִ󺰡
ֻԼ˸£ǱҩԼԹ˶Ͼжȥ
ޱȨû
޾ؿѪԼͷȻ˵ֿȻ䣬һѪУܻڳը޹ɳʹŤء
δĬлȻֱ㶵ضĬıѿڶСģ
ޱΧͬʱЦҲûõȥɫף³ˣһô޳棬ȫǿŻ¸֧š
ΪʲôҲ޳ѵע·Ҫֹڴ𡭡
ն޲ĳȺֹ۵Цƽһβ־۵ͷ
˼ʱûעһͷ޹ɳѾ
ЦЦ
Ĭ鼱֮ȴ˸գΪ˾ޣõһ
ĬĿѣʱЦ֧Ԯ
Ľƴɫľ磬ƿһ죬ֻ޹ɳԴˡ
ЦҲΪ֮һա
ȵתͷֻӢĲ͹ѪĽС
Ĭ˿ֻֽľλꡣ
ң궼ѾؾǰʱȻ۷˻
ͷǰɡ
ɤ͸еʸɴࡣ
Ī˰ġ
кæֵѹᣬǳô˻ᣬѭĻֻͷǰɡ
ڷ˰ԶѾԿǵԳؾϿˣ
ЦûסͷһǶϺĺꡣ
Сʦϣѧͨ޹ľּѧŵ޹˽ʮ꣬ΪԼԽҲ˼ֶļ⣬տýȻʶʦ˵Ǿ䡰Ķжʲô˼
δ˹ӴĽС
Ľʱǣʱˮûжһһʽӹ֮ħɥ
ź걣ݻ˾ԽԽ
ʱ泱Ƿһ㣬׷ٶȾȻδȼңһȻӳ泱л̧ͷ­
档
ÿһĳȺУͻᵮһ棬ʵͨħҲܿͷͽʮɣֱʱһС͵ɽ塣
ֻȫռݵԴֱֱźϢλã׵ѪͽСһȳˮ
ؾУǣʮɢֲؾǲ泱Ψһնɱħ̫࣬Ȼע
泱׷ٶ֮ԱֻΪ˸·
ûͣٶȣͬʱսеĶ̽
𳤱Ƶĳ깥ȥֽ߳൲ĿĶ̽ӣꡱһ
жѳƬֻʣ½Ķ̽ǳ鶯¡
˲䱻˶ϵĳ泱ûɡ

ūeҴܳײʱᰡ
飬⼱ҴҵģҪȥĶ
ʱᰳס
ҪȥѩԭȡɿӦ
ʱɻüѩԭԶ䣬ȥǶʲô
ĬЦѩԭؾû˵𣿡
ʱҡͷ̽׼٣ɽȥˡ
ѹ֡
龶ֱԽûϸ˵ǿΣգٵˡ
Ҹһȥ
ûʱˣȥ֪ͨϣȥѩԭ֧Ԯ
ٶȱʱٶȸ죬ѩԭȵҲԶûô򵥣óȻʱǰȥܿܽҲΣա
˵գʱ᰻ش㾶ֱٳɽڿȥ
˸߿ʱ齫ɽ𣬸Ϊ磬ҹ̵ѩԭȵķȥ
һ߸·ԺвʱҶ˵ĹѩԭȵĴš
ǰѩԭȣѾ˽𵤵ǵĽˣ紫ǰ㣬ѩɽЩһֱŵ϶ܿܣʱͨħͨѾǰˡ
ѩԭǸħߣ˵𵤾ĵˣԪӤֻǰҲδܰȻ
ôҵѽ
ǿԼ侲ʱ䣬Цǰģٶ㣬СɽѩԭҪհ룬ôڣǿܲŸոսѩԭȲá
ȫ߷·ֻҪձܵţϣܼסգǧҪ²źá
һҹƬҲϢʱɫδټָһҹ·Ӧþܵѩǵĵؽˡ
ţȻǰϼߣƺмⷽʿ
΢΢ۣȿǼʿģʱϲ
飡ô
ЦԶԶؼ飬ʱٺ֮ʱˣÿҪᡣ
ϲ֮࣬Ҳûڻףǰӽͳɽڽ£Ҳģ
ҪͣĬȲ˵ϻûҩ
ǼˣЦĬȻͷϵĵ𲻿֪ʲô˵Сӣǲ˵Ƥˣͬ޹ڵĵӣһ첲ˣѾɴҵذһ£һδ
ŵںһԵĺ꣬ѾѪȾ͸򣬼ûѪɫ
ҲûʣֱӴӽҴͳһƿҩĬ
Ĭȡ°ͣС
˵̫أҩֻʱֹѪþóǸҽβС
ĬֻŲ꣬һ˼Сɽ·
ЦУʣܸ˵˵ǵѩԭȷʲôŪǱǸԵô£
ЦѽѩԭȺ£һһʮظ
ǾȻ棬ģ
Ц˵桱;ò˼飬漶Ķ֣Ȼܻ
˵ʵҵʱ潫һ̳ԣҲΪԼҪɥˡ֪һѽǽʵ̫ˣֱӽͷβԾý˳泱ǲŵ˳
ǳؾЩħûм׷տʼûһǵ𣬻Ǹ緢·Ծû˵仰ͻ赹ˡ
ŷ֣ʱݴ̴Ϊú£һʱûпˡ
Ц˵˵ţٶ۷ỨҸ綼ǷһصҾҲҪʦǶõĵҩˣ
ЦһٶȲе㾪ȵؿǻԵꡣ
Ǵ֪޹ɳ泤ʲôӵģһȦżݣǶҧһ£൱ڵϹһȦǵö۰
Ҳ󣬾ĵЦ˵ԭǿȫ˵ģΪ
˾⼸ɵˣ
ֺȻ뵽ʲôʣ˵һѲ֪Ľնɱ棬ǽأ
ϵһѡЦ˵
鵱ٶ꣬һѿƲ۵ĺڳŽر󣬰ɫ·ӽУȻɡ
ɴ۾ôôɣⲻ̫ɽ£Լ˵ǰѽ
л˵
ͺΣһװɡ


98 
ǰѹŽ, ̽ķȥ͵òٵ͵·ͻԵһϢ
ι, װ
һαһѽ, İɽ⽣û, һ󲻿һ, ˶ŲأôҪָ˵ǣ
Ĭһ㶣, ʶ
ЦҲԵеţȥ, г𣬿һķ, ˰ɡ
, ˵ǰѽ, ͷˣҲ˵ס
⽣ԶǧѩԭؾԶ׼ѽѰҵˡ
鲻⽣ѡ˵ı׼ʲô, úõɲѡȥѡһǧ֮, ˰ˣҲǼǳˡ⽣Ҳ޹һ, Ϊ˾Цǲܵˡ
, ޹Ƿˡ
˷һս, ͣ·, ȫάϵ, ƣ۲ҧ֡
ƹأֹסѪϢ΢һֱûתѵļ
УٶȻ̫ǸϻţҪʱ䣬ֲֻôáЦǵ˵
ģ¡Īƶ
Ц˵ʲôֻǰĵƽϣһֻٻյᣬϼ⣬Ƿ
ɽµ񣡡޾
¶ϲæǰʾ⡣
Ҳǣʱһ䣬ӿٶȳ˷Щ꣬ı¯֮࣬ͬһۣıԳˡ
ʱļʮŵӣǮϺҲˡ
ЦĬֱϵ״ӣƽ۵񣬴˷ʱ˵Ӿȥǳ˲¹ͷѩԭȣϵಡų
ǮϼĬ˿ͬʱּŭֺ£ѵ䣬ּѪۣǲžߵ˻ȥֻļ˵һ䣺û¾ͺá
λϴоΪ֧ԮǣҲ˶һ׼ϴ˲˹鵤Ǽÿ˵ƣָһŹĵҩ
ƹأǶóҽֻȰסɢٽ쳤ҽΡ
λϵûй飬ֻΪǺ޺һ㣬Цǰͨӣûиˣûжʡ
ĬЦһһ䣬ѩԭȵٶȸǸһ飬ĬǮϣʦѩԭôڶ޹ɳ棿ħ治ֻħ϶Ҳ̫ϳˡ
λ϶һۣ̾ǣȻ˵
ٶȱһЩҪʤƽȣ˿ڰıϴϢָݽߵ
һҹķУڻصСɽ
Ƿһһɽأŵغڴˣõȴλλǰȥ
˵ͷһҲûе飬־ֱȥá

УҶ峤ڴˣ࣬Ц޾ϸ
Ҷüͷûзؾӿ˴޳ɫһ䡣
ȻҪ
ĬҶɫ£ǰ಻סĵ׺棬ǰʣѩԭؾ׷ʲô
ܾ͸λ϶֪ЩʲôֻǲԸǡ
ҶĬ
Ц˵Ǵ˷ֻ֪һѡ޹ɳΪϰ⣬ֻħ϶ѷȴѩԭȣǲ˵
Ҷ£һֻǲ룬ȷ֤ݣǵĵֻ֪ţ
ͻȻֳôһѩԭħ϶ôҲסˡ
һ˽϶ѩԭУ϶죬ͨħͨѾ򿪣ǲ̫ƽˡ
ЦȻѾ˲²⣬׿ȷѩԭȴħ϶󣬻̲סһ
Щ꣬СɽͬһԴսҡȫ˴ɽ֮⣬ħۣȻż𣬵˵·ǺңԶ¡
ȻҲħ϶ǲǴҪ˶ãҲΪǰ˼ˣ
ϢǳŵӶԣ޷
Ȼħ϶
ôǺá
ԴҲȫˡ
۷׷ףҶһ˲ָྲ
Ĭ˵Ǵ˷޳ܰȻعʵǸ󣬶ˣǸǵأ
Ѿȥ鵤壬쳤ϼȫΡһŵӻص
ţ޹ڵĶˣ쳤ϣöɵҩؽȻҶ
ҶԣһȵĿɨµļˣϡ
ʱ֪ͨǵģ
һζŮ̧ͷȥ峤ϸǡ
鱾ûԵӵãδһؾͱŵӴһֱƲػУǱϵ˳
ǡӦ
ѩԭȵأ֪ǶΣգ
ʱ꣬Ǹָ·¥˵СѾͷˣֻǸѰŵӡ
ǲǵãҶǼǵãɽﶯùϵߺ޹ڵĵӡЩ꣬ҶһֱûٹעƽյĳԴöȺԴﵡλ
Ҷ֣һķģĵرʤ˵㻯һˣ俪¡
֪֮ѩԭȵ£Ҳɽġ
ʱֹģҶŵġɽ˽Ůıǩ
ۿҪǻɣҶæŴԲڽ𵤵Ӵ඼ѩԭʧȥټ˶֪⺢ʦʦ˵Щû
µĬ˻֣Ǵ˷ܾˣȻȥϢա
ڵ뿪оֻʣҶͼλˡ
ȷʣħ϶죬ѩȻԶ϶ٶȣֻҪ˰꣬϶ҪӵԴˣǲӦӦԣ
ȻҶͷѾȥɽ·ͬСɣӳ顣
һӺ󣬻ѵٶȳá
εҡһ䣬ֳԭģ篼嶣ɴ֮ϵĿˮӯӯ˿ƮݣһԴ
û±Ҷڳվ£վ񣺡μɽ
ʩʩȻ£һʣǸѩԭ͵ʿȥǺˣ
Ļ᲻˼ϸԸ߼ʹŵǰѩԭͷ
ˣǰŰڵʿ֪ѩԭȵܣҲȷΪķҪõֻһᡣ
һҶһʱȥ񱳺ķߣǵӵļװףƽֻûҵһ˿ħȾļ
ţǱá
ֻǲŹκһ˿֮ʵϸ룬ħⰲߵı£ڲŰѩԭȵ϶ͨ򿪡
ɽѩԭѳΪħߣǲһѩɽѾͶħ磬ֻµ϶ӳؾѩǻ᲻ơʱħһ¹ռǳأӦӦԣ
ѩǵĵλñȽ⣬߰Ų齭ԭħռǳأһὫ϶Ϸӡ
ѩǶϷĶǾԴǣҲ˵ħһ£һùľǡ
ûżش̧ۿλϣǶʲô뷨˵
ɽǮĳΪ֮Ҫڻ㹻ݣ͵ҩǰóӦս׼Ǯȵ
ħ϶ͷ۵ĵطڣ϶ħն֮նɱħٶȣԶϲԨȵ׷ٶȡ
һһճ־õս˷ݳǣͬħһʹʮꡣ
ҲŵҪϱΧĸҺŸ֪£һǰԮ
ԴǵĶϱ߻мǳأӵšħ϶ŹϵĴҲԹۣͨһЩԮԴǵİȫܶһֱϡ
λ˵ĶиԵĵ֮Ҳ˵ԼĿ޹ڽɽ֮ϣħԹռһҪĿȻɽµԴǣҪ޽ӹ̳ǽаյİȫ
鿴Ҷ˼أ
ҸϿһҶ鵤Ĳݡ͵ҩ赣ġ
ǰȪصȪˮӿֹҩƬƬĻȫˣǰողµҩҲͬһʱѿϡеĵػͬʱȥ鿴ڵɽĵҲ˴Ŀء
ػ𲻻ƾγɣɽֲԼֻɽаɽٽǰ˵̻ṺĻҶȻʶ
ֻǻûüϲͱħ϶ͨ򿪵֡
޽ǽȴǿ̲ݻ£ԴٽϽ֣Լϱ߱޹ڵɽ廷ƣֻؽضΣһƬտƽԭش
ħϮҲȻƬƽԭǶȻҪħϮ֮ǰһ㹻ߴĳǽС
Ҷ䣬¡
ϵͳӵһؽ޽ǽ
ϵͳͨħ϶ͨѾ򿪣ҲٰȫħѹǰԴǱӹ̽һ㹻ħֵĸߴǽϳаǵİȫԵħС
ʱޣ¡
ɴؽļµɽ񼼡
鲻ɫؿ顣
Դ񱻳֮ΪǣȻҲгǽġǽͨĳǽؽ绹ã赲ޣǲһ
ǰû³ǽһΪСɽȱʯģ޽ǽǸ󹤳̣Ҫ֡ˣ˿ҲŴֳɵͶ³ǽ£Ҳˡ
㾡ͬ̾Ϳʼ֯ǽ˶٣ַԸ⣬ϣɵȥ͸ŴϢʱɵȥһ˱棬;֪Ǿϰ룬ԴҲʱԸǡ
ѩǺԴ֮ССĴ򣬷ֲڸɽͷ䡣Ȼ࣬ŲʣħϮܵĻᶼûУ³ֻһΪħǵĿ
һ㶣Ƕû뵽һ㣬Ѱĸǳ£һٴǱأΧĴǣͬ˷ݳǰ㣬Ϸֳһһȥȼˡ
˾ʵ¸жһѣæֵǣɽĳӣԹκһׯ
鵹Ҳû˲޽Թ˲ϾˣСɽĲߵ֣жڻʳǹȫǰշſƤԣʮҲԲ꣬ԶطİգܰͰһѡ
˴Ĭѩԭȣһ£ȷеϢǰԤ˸ڵʱħǰ˲ſʼæҡ
УλӦħٴϸڣȻһӰ˴
Ҷмֲãʱɫʱͣʣ磬㲻Ǹʦھλôôˣ
磬ҴҵģǸմ鵤崦
ãʦȫΣ˼𵤣أʦܱסĻɽȥơ
л˵
Ԫæָֻܻ񵥸T-T
ԼǸոǸգҾÿ¶д㡣


99 
绰, ڰƬ̡
Ҷüͷеأ쳤Ҳ
˼𵤿ɲС£֮˸, պҪΪɾ, ᣬǽԲ, ɼλ츳콾, ôԺɵ·ʵǿϧ
һ֮, ޹洫Ӻŵ, Ҫõκ컨ҽΣҶԥطϡ
δ꾹˵, Ҫɽ, ޹Ƿµծ, ȴҪɽ
ǣҶڳżֲðȻڡ
룬λӸλŮӡ
䶼ĬԿеĿ֮⡣
߰ա
Ҷ뿪˵ʲôʱ, ͼɴֺ, ȥ鵤塣

鵤壬
ŵҩ, ҩϰڷһŴСһҩ«, Щ«һɫĵͽ׷, ʹڵĵҩҩԲɢ
רŵʿ㵤ҩ, Ǽڲ, Աȥ塣
߰ҩ߾޹ڵҩľۼأҩոҩ࣬õĳɵҲٴˡ
쳤յ洫ӣߵĶᱻƺһʦ֡Ӵǰһ·Ѿʮкˡ
Ƕרעæͷ£żشһ顣ٻɽڸ߶ֻǰݷõʿ
һ·ݣ߽ڣ쳤ڴǰԵҩȾѪѾˣؿڴ˿Ϸزһɴһ˯ľ
ʦɽˡ
쳤תæ
һֱδתѣ
δ쳤ҡҡͷϵѾϵľҲΪϣֻǷھ֮ʱĽ𵤳ѺۣѾɢļ粻ʱ޲϶ֻĸҪһ
Ψ޲𵤣סɢʩȡ
쳤֪Ȼǰͬҽˣ滰Ҫ˵һ˵
µĿǮϺϵ洫ͽܣǵַϵݣ쳤ҲλѵһȺꡣ
˿أڷ˸ҩҲ޴󰭣Ȼڣ뿴ʱȴؿĽ𵤣ʵһ
λڵ֮أʮִ˻Ϊȹ粻µѰ޷޲ᵼйΪҲ᲻ϵ䣬ճΪ۲ķˡ
ֻǽȴˣǸûȻʲô
֮£쳤ֻȥɽ
ɽԸ֣껹еľȡ
ʿ֮ĺ蹵ͬʿͨˣʿвɵ£ѵĽ޸ǰǾ͸㲻ˡ
鿴ɫ԰׵꣬Ͻ̵ľתھȻδ޲𵤣Ҳֱ˵ĵ࣬ͽڣҵ𵤽ֹɢٲ
ԡ
龶ֱڴر£ʳָָͬҽϣֳһº͵ͨ󴦵ϣһ·ڡ
ͽڵһ̣ھķֲͬŴ徭ͼӳʶУ뵤Ҳǰ
ԲĽ𵤻Բͬĥ飬Ȼʱ·һͷ˿ϸơ
ͻƽ𵤴Բ󣬽𵤻ԪӤɵ壬ֻҪԪӤʿ㲻൱ڶһ
ͬʱԲԪӤҲһʿǵķˮ룬ԪӤûôףδԪӤ֮ǰ𵤾һҪǻС硣
껹ȻҪƾŴƵĽԪӤֻܵ±ˡ
ȫעһ͵ı˽𵤣ɢʱͱڡ
һڴԣһĳˢǵѺۣϵԾ˫۽գ΢üľûչ·֮С

˸ܳΡ
μԼһʪ·Ǿ׵ĵط¹ͷ䣬һѽ·֪ƣ۵һӶű׾ĽԱˣȴһƮĸҥ
μһѩֶع·ߣԽŵأһϢ֮ʱнŲӽһֻذ׵ִбĲȻݸһڵͷ
μһĵԼλ֮ϣ۵ʿݣμһʢϯｻ˶ŹʣֻнйŵһŮʹԴɫŻɫ롣
Щ沢ᣬȷе˵Ƭһ
ΣΣ
üͷ壬ŬʶЩ½Ļ룬ȴ涸ȻһתǰһĴѪɷ죬⽣Ӱͬ˼ľ
һѳ֮Ƴǰһλӻӽնȥ£ͷ룬һȾѪͷ­Ľűߡ
źӱնɱֹһ⴩صƣѪĻɳҲ֮ɫ
׷նȴն֮꣬ʱ̤ƽ˽磬֮Ѫϴ֮ܣ
ȥԭǵǿͷ­ĿؽѪص
ͷ­룬һն£ͷ­׹ᴩ
ͷ­ҷ
ξԽˣ걻ͷ­ǰԹ޵񶢵Īļ£֮͵ۡ
ģ𽥾۽۵һһ˫ɾ
γѩɽµȪˮȾ˳Ȼ΢΢βǴЦĻȣ˫鶯۾ʱЩգ¡
ôˣͦġ
ŹֵʣʱԺЩң˺һᣬԼɹҧˣǿѩԭؾ赹ˡ
ɤʣҡĶ
޹ڡ
һϵɤصŷﻹһ׷ԲԣƵߡ
̫أڵӱ㽫˻Ľ죬ɽҽΡ
ǡɽ
ǰŮŴɴգ¶Ƕüۣҳڶ˫
ҲֻɣŻôÿ۾ɡ
궯˶˵ʲôȴǣ˿ڣ˼ȡ
ˣжڵӴ˾ûɶˣͼλϻң쳤ϣʣµľͽˡ
ˣ𵤲һһϦ޲ɵģÿգСɽɽҼӹ
鶪仰Ҵ뿪üͳˡ
쳤ߺּ˱ڵ״ѵĽ𵤱ȫλذʧѹô
޹ڳϣ죬֪λļŵĵӣҲȥӸš
ڡ
ԭڵĵӡ
쳤ϻȻۺ룬ѩǵ֮һ޹ڻھӡ˵ڵڵؾѩԭȲԶЦ˵˸Ȧ˴֮޹ˡ
ڵ˶ϲ£Ҷϲ෨£ٲȻǸޣҲûκκйص
ʱЦ˹Ҳ֪ݣֻܰȴˡ
֪Ѹγƺ쳤ʡ
½ϧ
½ϧش۵ȴһ˿ã֮ɫ
ŵξ֮УǴȺʿսնǿͷ­öһ
׷
½ϧĵҧǸ֣׷˭
л˵
Ůʵԭһּ䣬˭Ҳûϳ˭ϧ¶֪ɬɺٺ١
˵ոǸ߹Լˣ˳СݣԪæµĿǰԵ£ⱾǰͲˣŻʮ֣ȸ׽ıǽ׷


100 
ЩȻ, ȴ쳣ʵ·Լһ㡣
ΪʲôΣ
½ϧʱ쳤ϴº͵ڴ˴, סס, ʲôҪֱӷԸĵӾͺáӴ˴徻ұС㰲һԺ, ﻷ, ʺˡ
½ϧع԰׵촽΢򣺡л
ʲôл, ڳϵ״, ڵĹͣлࡣ쳤Ц˵
½ϧü, ԼѾһµĸɾ, տյ˳ͷһ࿴ȥ, µѾϴɾѵڷϣ¶˳һ彣һѡ
ֽ֧ǰѽ˳, ˷Ľʱһȡ
Ѳ֪ӺδĽڹؼʱһ֮, ޹նɱʱνûüúÿѽ
⽣ûʲô֮, ׾ҵ͵, һ˺ܶͷĹŽ, ʶ֪ʧȥˡ
ƾԽ, ½ϧ֪ѽһ򵥡
ָ, Դһ֮·΢ůĻָѪҺҲʼڷȡ

½ϧԺĪػһ
һԵ쳤ϼ⽣ʱͬҲǰһĵ̾һý
ȻǸҽޣǼʶ㣬޹ڵڿҲвϡûбѽƭ
ѽδע˷񣬶ָĨ֮ʱǰѽ˵˷âһԵĽ
쳤ϲɵð⽣彣ԱǰѽѰļƷȴ˵ԣ⽣Ѳɡǰ
½ϧһ˲˲ؿеĽ˵ʲôо˺ľѣһм
ۿս漴һڿе쳤ɫһɣڲܴ߶
δ䣬½ϧ͸оһĵľʹӵըǰһڡ
۵һڵأ쳤Ÿѵشϣīɢ籡ֽ԰ס
æǰסӲ󣬷ǿʹתɽڵһס²޴󰭣һ

鶨½ǽľߺҶ͸λϺܿȷ˳ǽ߶ȺλãƳɲͼ󣬱ȫȨ˳ȥ졣
Դֽ˿ڣ󲿷ֳ֮ǰ޼ҿɹҰũдֻѣ޽ǽҪĻǶ
ǲͼһ֣̿ʼټ֣ȷֹ滮ߣɼʯϣھҤש
պԴȻһ͵ҤƳǽõש飬һ͵שģطɡ
ǡʱҶɵɽǰӲǽ⼸޽ȡ
ѯҤשδʼô
ʦֱǽȴֹ滮õĳǽֻӲݡ˵ػһשδȥֻùոҤҤשɹ
æ֪ͣΪ֤ƺõҤשʵؼ̣ҪõھĺҪˮݺ󣬽䷴̤ȥеݣپˤװģߣģҪٰϣҤƣḶ́Ҫһʱɡ
ΪԴΪһʮʱдʱ䶼Ҥ˭뾡ƳҤשҪ뽨ܷɽı׼㹻̵ĳǽֻôҲá
һ롭
Ϊѵץץͷʦµʱֻа갡
ŵһʪδɵ飬ƫƫָ꼾ղͣżд÷紵÷ɵʲôʱȥ
а취
뵽ʲôͷĴȡͬ죬ܿ˶ٱ飬̾ɵ棬ôôôСĽе?
󣬸Ŀɿڴ鷢ˣ˫죬ͬʱӶڿҡչ۳Ƶķۣһӣֱֱɹשȥ
ֻעǿδܰשĳ̶ȣھļ£שʪ⿪ʼۿɼرø
һյջ죬һԵҤǰһשӲȣ˼ض˵ЩשӲȹˣҤˡ
ڽҤĺ£ǧשͽҤУשѷ롣
Ҫãʡ
𣺡ҪÿѬһ£ȥשڳһ£һ£֦ʮգܳҤ
ָһ㣬ոשѣСȥˡ
ô鷳
ҤשݴҤִӻͳһֻ«οһŵɫĻ泯Ҥ㵹ȥʱҤڶӳյͨ졣
һյȥ彫ػջغ«ҤȥյΡ
ճҤשҤǻҳͣҪҤнˮ½ˣε¾ܿɢȥˣһᣬҤҤȡҤש顣
ֻƳҤשʺصɫ֮֮޿ףͨĲ³Чá
ʱȻǽĳƷҤשˡ
ʱ˿̣ķɽͼҤڷΣͬԼԺС顣
벻廹ͦŵģ뵽ýϵ͵ػӿҤשٶȡ
һ˿Ӹ⣬һĵ
ûǺ«װľСɽ³ĵػ𡣵ػ𲢲һԴ˾ͻϨ𣬶ǿظʹõġںϺ󣬷ͨ˵޺͵ޣȡһػʱ
û뵽ػҤשЧҲôá
Ҳǵһνǽ񣬵Ļѣɽͼ۲ǵĽȡδϣͷðͱ޹ڵĵ赭дؽˡ
ɽͼУĳ羴񣬸ҲûʲôˣߵĺԶڷǿңɼΰбͷʹ£߶ָܽ
ʡġ
ҧһڷŴŴӸ⣬׽ĶȻס֪Ժˡ
˲ȽٲȻҵǼֻޡ
æѸӷ£ȡɴϡ
½ϧһεɽ˽˸̧ۡԥҪҪţԺŸ֨һԶߣȻԼˡ
СҷɽԺн磬˹۲ݣ߸´ţֻ䣬ԺиӢͷףŵһһһգɢŨ
½ϧСԺ߽ݣϣ°ɫɴü浭
ݼɽ½ϧ
ա
ˣպҲѵĵգԼ޸𵤵ġ
ƻָΣ
ƽӸλĳʺһ
½ϧ£á
쳤ϵĵҩ飬˻ָúܿ죬µˡ
ûٶʣֱ̧֣һڡ
ˣƷ˰Ļǰ㣬ҪĶĵܽӴĿѾ¯࣬ڿһε˿ߣ½ϧߡ
ϴΣʱڻУһΣ½ϧظоԼڵı仯һԲԼģǿİԼľߣƬ̺ͻ۵˵
ǹǿ󵽣һ֮Ϳ׽Լľ飬Ƕûж⣬Ľϣһµḧĵط
ǿʹʹֱõԪ࣬ϴӲʹ˹ȥ
ʹʱʹһЩҲʮֲܣǿжѰʿֻҲ
ʱк£ǹʹͬȼµĺ䣬̼ͱɢˣ˶ĥĽ𵤴˿̱ȽȪﻹҪ
½ϧ̧λΪԼ˵Ůӣ۾ŨܵĽ΢ֱ̣ͦ겻ȴǳص˷
½ϧתԵ̨ϣŰ㣬滹һӡȱڡ
һӸô
Ҳϲʳ
ڤڤУڻشʣһŮɴһǣ¶Сɶµ°ͣӣɫĴմһĨӸ


101 
ɴֻҲһ˲, Ѹٵػָԭ״
Ȼ֮˵ε񣬽һ˲, 㹻½ϧˡ
˵λ֮, ൱ľ룬黹ڱΪ, С֪
ϾǱ߽׵Ĵ, ʿ治̫ãղɢȥʱ, 鿴ϵ϶ȻС, Σܸԭˡ
סѺۺ, 齫ջ, , 㿴˼ؿӣ΢΢⣺ڿʲô
ɽϲӸ⣿
һ㶣ŷʣĸˡ
ι޵ġ
سѡ
ʲôʱɰܶ
Ҫĳ֪СһϲƤ, ﻹԡԴǳУǵɽֻ¶ˮŮ
š
Ӧһ, Ҳ֪ûţҧ, »е顣
ŲǸͲϵ, ӦòᡢҲϹ
һ, ⣺˵, 㱳ϵǰѽǴӺζ, ʮ졣
ĿǰѹŽϣһֱͦǣԵΪβԸԼΪȥ֮⣬һƽƽꣿ
಻֪⽣Ӻζ½ϧ
ɫ̹˵ѡ
Щнѩԭؾʿȥ޻أڵĵӣӦҲŹ£Ϊλǰ
һѱڻɽϹɽĪȥ֮һ꣬պħ϶ȷѩԭУһǲе̫ɺˣ
½ϧ£ڵڵȷкܶѩԭʧ٣ҳͣϣ˴ʧٵӵϢڵӣȴǸͨŵӣԴҪԼȥȡ
䣬Ľʹ΢Ķ͸һ˿ȣԾֱͦ
ˣʿĹ⡣
ԭΪΪǸЦһĳϵ洫ӣû뵽ȷһͨŵӣŵӵĴŵӺ࣬Ǳûм֧ţ⿿ɷԴãԾҪȥЩ͡
˵ùȥˣĶǰԵĹŽҲѡһλѻƪƷԵӵˡ
û취ʱڣԱҪһЩ

ƽķΧƣһֺԶͬʱһСԲӰײԺţЯ
½ϧƫͷȥһֻӼسǴ˴ϵķⶼߵһһ漴һԽĻСӵһͷ׳˶İܣܵһͥŲ
ĴһֱʵЦֱŵİ꣬Цʧ
Ǳص࣬Ŀ˲ַһ
½ϧܻػš
ΪƵضǶԷֲУĳѪָо̫á
ǸܵԸΪߵĵ⣬ĹŽֻ½ϧ
̧ḧ½ڰĺӡ
һ򵥵ĶĿ𽥴ӲƱɻոͷųѹʿ󾳽磬ˣ˿亹زˡ
ֹ糣Ȼһ㶼ûбӰ졣
ֱŨīߵĵһֱɢɵϢ
˺ü꣬ڷˣ˸ֽ𰣬ǳȥֽɡ
أ
ܿĵתȦϲȥצմȾĻҳȫȹϣ벻ʩ˸໹ֽ𰣿
͵ɤ˼˻
ǵѾдϼغˡ
ջĿ⣬ζֹϢ
֯ﷻѧġ
ߵԣеĴóһֻµֽ𰡣
ѽղ
ֽ𰣬ΪĿ佱ɫࡣʱ½ϧԾǡ
ͷšһ˳ڶպٹӳ
½ϧıӰʧԺſڣ״ʣոǸʿ˭
ڵģΪļӰѽŪˣ˳ְ
īȥ̫ɽˡôߴš
ܸɴҧסȹſϣһ㶼ʲôڣһֻųȥ档
úúá
⼸Ժɽͼǽ޽Ľȣ϶쳤ĢˣҲóȥɹɹ̫ˡ
һ˺ͰܻÿҪߵԺſڣվԭأһ˼ӡ
֣࣬㲻ȥ𣿡
ҸоƿҪͻˡ
˻һúͬʱסˡ
æʣʲôʱ£
ڽ磬ֽʱ򡣡
ƾʱʮ궼Ȳʱ⧲նڼͥԺֽ𰣬ز֮ʱоɶļ󣬵ǵźһŷݣӲǹɳ嶯ȥ
ֱղţľ˲ЩƲסˡ
ż갡ôҪƾˣҲûжù߱ãá
õıĶܼ֭ˡ
ϲĸˣ㻹Ÿʲôȥչѽѵã˿Ҫʮꡣ
ҡ
ֽ𰣬ֹ
ƾɹһֽ𰡣
õĳŵٳɽ׼ɻԼĶбչء
ȵȣ
ӴҳһСһЩĽҴС
ǽҴ׼õģΪƾװ˴ʯȪͲ˵ĵҩ
ǰΪƾ£һֱڻԼҵÿֻ׼һĽңǰûڽȣʯĽȪˮһʿƵҩȻҪΪṩõ
ƾʿΪ뿴ٳʲô⡣
ӹֻң뻳Уһۣûж˵ʲô̤ϷɽԼĶ׼ƾ

̿ϴһֻֽ˷·һֻ鶯Ʋд
ֽḶ̌ɽܡ
һʱ䵽ˣֵˣ
ڰܵԱͷôɿڣе㼱ˣʼצȥ̡
õȵùܣֻӶ˽ϣ֣صƺ𣬾õߵܺӣ˭Ҳ˭
鵭һԵʯϣ˹سʣµһӸ⡣
üʵʹɱﵣ
ŴسܵıǼҧȥһƫͷõİպÿ˷ϣӦϡ
ޣ۰Ͱ͵ؿŶߵֽԽԽߡ
֮£ֻ۰Ͱ͵

أ
ɵ˰ɣ
һ֣׼ȥֽ̣ͨ𰣬ҪùӼһǰֽ𰲻ôˡ
ֽԼַɻˣңգȻе
̧ͷǱƮƲ֮ϵֽ𰣬ȻƲʣϸһƣֽһֻɫİ񣬵ֽһֻĹǼܣ¡
ǰ飡
ŶߵֽƮȻأæǰֽ˻
ֽ𰣬ǲеֽ̫˰ɣ
ô˵úͰܶе졣
æ⣺飬һֽɡ
ˣֻǷֿ쳣鿴ģ˲ŷֽ𰣬һỹҪȥ񡣡˵
ֻֽ𰣬͸ӥ࣬Զ˿ȷޣǼֻõһƽʱҲѲصĿ״ֻֽԶѰָպ÷Сҷ嶥ĿУѹᾯع鿴
ʣûиһ𣿡
Ҫƾˣ֪Ҫչضá˵
ͷƺ⡣
Ȼ뵽ھǰǽᵤڣЩȴһֱûлεļ󣬶Ҳƽʱʱĥ˵û˲Ŷԡ
ֱ֣˳飬㵽ڻûеȵƾȱȪʯܺ˵Ҷ׼ˡ
óԴԥ˵ʵǰѾˡ
顢úͰڵһ͡
һֱûиǣΪһ̫ϰΣһϲڿʱչ᰿ĸоҲı䡣
̽ͷųһ󷽵̽ӣ鷢Ϊڣֻûб仯
ʱдƺǴֵķӦ͵ػһ̴ٵУŤͷ˵ңˣÿġ
˵գԶ
޲Ը⻯εģ
Щ⡣
ɶֵģԳ岻Ҳ˵
ǻزȱһһֱѹŲΣ᲻ʲô׶ˣ
ô֪ûΣȥԳͰࡣ
ܾð鲻뻯ԭ򡣡
°ͣĵһ׼
Һֳɳķհ˵ĽʵϽֻõĻãֽ𰶥ԴϣһֻצӱẒ̌һֻצŶϵߣ˵ܲȰѷ߸ǽϣ


102 
޽ǽ, ֹࡣ
ԴĹͬŬ£ǽĻѾãǽͬһĻľָ, 䶫, ÿ춼һذθߡ
ԴǵϿգɽͼĸӽ¿ȥ, Ŀ߽ӻơǻŵӻƳ, ԦŸص˫󢽫ƷߣؽƷص㡣
, רΪǽġ
һǴҤ, ƺõשǽ޹ʿзԤ£שʱ䱻, Ƴש̸Ӳ, õֻǳǳĻۡ
ڶԲʯΪ, ͨʯϣʯļӹĥиͨʯשǴֲռװͰͳһ͵ǽ
ǽĶõʯשϷһשϺһټһʯש, ǽΪ̡ܼ
һʼͨŴ׻ҽΪճϼש, Ѳӳǽʱ, Ȼ뵽һز
ճǿ, Ѿ㷺Ӧľ, ȻճľƷ, ֪ʯשճ, ЧǷҲһܸ
ֵµͰ飬ǷΪճϼȻͨŴ׻ҽЧáһ䣬ֱӴϲɼֱͶʹãŴ׻ҽʡʱʡʡɱ
שƵ˸õճϼǽĽٶȼֱһһ
ߣͨðɽͷ̫ɽ
ɽ֮ʱҶæٻµļ״ͽܣǰȥ鿴״õķɽͷһɽɽϱضǿʯһֻҲûУǷҲɳ룬ȫɽｵµĸĿʯ֧ԴϰҲòꡣ
̫ɽﲻдĽͭͨʯ̺˪ȿƷϡпʯһСʯССĿͬúƵؿɽСɽȼü֮
նصķչֵŸ򣬽ЧеĵһֻҪнڣɽòԴڿ˿󶴣ֻҪͨʯͷջ۵ӰҲݱȻĿʯ
ǺӦ˶
һǽͨĿʯԴǵĹʯұũũ߻ǱڳԪڳ˽⣬һ޹ڹϽϡпʯ壬Ƴɸ෨ڳʯǼڿ⣬öȺȥʾ
еķ˳а˳ǽ裬޹æƷ͵ҩƺÿ˶深ص
ЦĬΪȥѩԭȵ£Եʦúѵһ٣ӱȥ̫ɽɿ󶴵ĿʱᰱȥţչصĽҲÿζʹ죬СĹÿԺš
ֲ㣬εĵӶ˻ÿ˶£ŵƣÿʱȥժҩ
СĹޱ
Լ⡰ءҲһ£ȥҲÿǽӹƣӦ¡
δصСԺ䣬ſڵӲݶһ߸ˣȹߺʩ˸ɷӲݾȥóЯȪˮһǰ¼ȪĽ࣬۵Ļ˲㻨ŻϮˡ
ʱ鵤塣
鵤æµɽˣһҩͷĵԴڶٶӶ࣬ɽ֮洦ɼҴ·ĵӰ
һ꣬꣬ꡭԣʦҪǶʮɣӣһꡣ
أĵҩԽԽˣµŹ׶ֻûˡ
ȥ¥ƺȣ˵ֳ¿ˣ
ɽͼܹ۲⵽ؾĻ棬ȴǵ̸Ͼ壬һ·ǵĺ²ۡ
ҶʱѩԭȵϢκοѩǺѩԭȵ˴󲿷ֵͨв֪ѩԭȵ¡ͣԼҩһ۸֮⣬վɣһĺ;С
һյ鵽鵤Ͽգغ˴Ĺ³ʾƣ¸һ᲻صĻժݮ
ںĲҪ֣΢ЩҩĶȥֻˡ
ȻǰԴʱ羭ȥɽϲɲҩСɽֵǮĲҩ˸飬ѡҰˡɲҩȫ˸ȫ޶Լë޶òֺ
Ҷɲҩַδ裬ʱȥͲһݮժҪرļɣֻҪעժʱ˼⣬ͬҶһһСڸʹıʱ׸
ǰ򻮷ֵģ˻ͷժʱȻǿʵݮ˹¡¼û𻵣غ󣬸ֽ
ݮЩҩһͬȥˡ
˵ȥ
ǣȴſȸһʲ֪ԭǰߵÿ̳Σȫȥˡ԰쳤£澫ĵˮƽ쳤ϣСеĵһˡÿһʱ䣬ͻǽһĵá
ҩͲóʪﻹüˣ߲ͷãܷʦæЩҩȥԺɹһ¡
黷˵ڣĴڵȷֻʣһ˵СºһڽҩķװСӣ˭Ѳаɡ
ҩԺߣС³ıӰʩ񣺡лʦ㡣
ĻֻǲɲҩȴĪȵĺɹҩģ鲢ƽЩ˳ֶΪ£ȨΪԼˡ
ԺĿȫǳɹңѾɵĲҩҩ˱ǡ
ںԺһƬյϣһߴӢͦӰ£ֳֳԺϰƿշÿ콣ЩϵĲҶīŶָ䣬ɾƯ
Ǹ½ϧڴ˴ˡ
ǰЩ½ϧ޲һν𵤣¿Դ߷轣˵Ѿûʲôˡ
꽫ȫעעеĽϣȫûע⵽Ժ˸ˡ
Ʋ֪ƣͷɹҩݡ
յ齫һҩ꣬Ȼ轣ͣЪĽŲ
תֻ½ϧŽͷͱǼžӨı信һ˿ϲ
ɽ
˻һ龪òɹҩİӸˡ
㡭
ʧָϢƽǻܣȷԺֻˣǿװ򶨣ں˵ʲôʶ𣿡
½ϧ쵽ؿѹɽ΢˽ã
ʶȥԼգı仯֮ɷǺͬĵɣҲ޷һۿơ
СôһӾϳˣû
л˵
ŬָС


103 
Ȼױ, Ҳˡ
ɤӣ˫ֻأʣôϳҵģ
нʮ, ڼû¶һΪǿҶ, ǺʱᰡЦͬһ˶ֵ, δһ˿ԡ
, ĪرһŴϳˣ鲻ɵÿʼԼݼ
½ϧü, ǲΪʲô⣺Ϳһ۾ϳ˰
ǰŮȻݺζɽϸ΢Ĳ, ˫衢·źɽɫ۾ȫһģԿ̳ġ
ϲгһģһҲһģһ۾
¾, ʯͷʯͷ, λϴ
, ȷԼݼ⣬С۹̫
ʲô츳鷨
°˼⣬ư˶һ۾֪Է⼼ܣ
㡭
˵ʲôȻɽľ񷢳һǿҵ, ֳӦľҶԺ
޹ڳƷĴֻֽܵϵ, ӳ٣ϵͳ̳ɽľ, ѩԭȳº, ͻ˲ֵֶһһֻľҶ, мܾϵ
͵, ²׼κ, Ȼﲻ֮ء
ŨŨľ棬漴ֱӶسɴ񼼣½ϧǰԭʧ
紵ϵĲҶ˼Ȧ·δ
վůµ½ϧЦһת

һ壬á
Ҷһɳ϶ڴ֮Уճأһ˸Ҹ̸ȱֱһӰƾճ·˳Ĭˣһɤ쳹
μɽ
سɴͬʱ˱仯֮˻δӦĶӲɴȻϡ
кμ»ң
ҶæɽոսӵϢ˷ݳѱħƣҲʧأʣĵѷ׷׳롣
üͷ΢壺ʲôʱ£
ϢǰǰģħѾɣǽˡ
˷ݳҪǵؿڣһʧأǰ϶
ļգдɽѶдѩԭȵ;İգҪǰð׼
ȥŵĵӿϢ𣿡
Ѿˡ
ʣô˵
Ǯ˵ˮڵ˲ΪȻֻ˵㽫ǵ˸ˣڶºӣڵڶ࣬ڰǨС£˵Ҫӳ顭
һ£ǮϾǺɵȥˮڵ˱ţſ˺þãɵʱиСӳ˵ŵĳ϶ˣֻܵȳϻȲȻȥ
ԾǲǵĻдʡ
˺󣬶پͷۣˮڸ޹ǰйڣԲǵ˴ҲڵĻظ֮⣬ʲôʱ򻹴ӳ飬ǵõȵħ򵽼ſٳ
Ҷɵĵӻȥѩԭȸ̽£ϿȴкҪ˶ãħͻؾϮѩǡǰڳɢϢֻǰǶ̫š
ѩǵشˣϺٽĲ齭ˮ˱̵̶ӣû˻ȥѩǣаû޳ɶֻż̶ӿĲҿէһħϮϢŵҥԣһġ
ˣȥεذ֡
ѩԭѾԵ쳣ɽѩȴȫ޶ħ߹Ѿӹˣֻ¾͵ħؾǳ׼ʱЩŵԱǿ˳Щ˰ˡ
ĵ˸ܾȵһգȴȲǧǧˡѾϢݵſˣҲ御ǰȹܺԼҰɡ

˷ݳƺһ£ɣǼϱ߳ǳش½ħռͬ˼ҰѪƯ֡еĳԸ뿪þӵļ԰ڶݵķ£ΪħĿЩõϢ˵ĳһʱ伯аգ˳еʣ϶ɽֻһճǡ
ԴǶͷÿ춼ܽӵǧɽʱ򣬳һ˽˿ڡԴٲʮǰԼǧæҵСǳˣһϸ̡
еҪ죬ȷûʱߵȴȾ󣬷ǣͳһס޺͹յвȾ˷纮ʱߣЩԱ򱻰ڳǽЩȻʱǱůָɾҩÿ춼Աﲡ
ǰʱߵķӣʮ䣬óҽ˲©ȱҩʱߵѾ˾ųɡ
²һϢ񣬼ҩȥҲܻ
ϰϰԺĻƮӯڰ̨ϣǺʼ⻮ѩ׵ֽһīˮۡ
һɣëʣֽչŸոɵͼֽ
ͼֽϻͷĲֳΣڽߵͷͬʱɶʮҴͬʱͣûǰҹãȻʱʱĴʹֻ׵Ļаմ洬ˮ·Ϊ˻ٿڽǳͻʱýͷһˡ
ϵͳĽ˵ֳɵĴͷҪֵ
ǰգԴǵĳסѾʮֵ޸˵ţһë㲻ϡ
δѵĺǿң޶ֵֻϲаȫСֵϵͳ̳һκζҩʳڽ޴ʱκεȪʯá
ֻӵеĵơ
³㣬ͼֽź̶֣̼վܸͷ˵ֵ٣Ҳ᲻һ
ֻǽĴŲֻĳߴ绹ͳɽٸõʯϡɳȽϸϸ
ͼֽƽָ㣬ʩ˸ֻͼֽѸٵԼ¾ͽԼ۳һֻֽףҡҡλεڿշԽƮԶ
յͷŨңȴˮܣɹһ˯⣬ûϢʱЩ˴Ȼǰɫֽ׾ִӴ˻žડһƽȵڰ̨½
һ㶣ķʩֽ׻·
ֽײ𿪣ŷԭһֻдʱᰵּ
飬Ǹոսٽƽԭ񣬱껹һȥʱڱſڼ
˼ٽƽԭ
ϵͳٽƽԭĿǰΪ֮أ̽ȴ100%ɻΪأǰ̽Ϊ48%ٽҪи
ϵͳسˢˢڸУﻰڿһҲ
ʲôأħǴӱģ
ôϵͳеɬ۾ڹϣ£ʣ˯һ

ԴǱš
ĳǽȿʼģǽǽнһ룬ǽѿˡɫשƹӴ֣ȥʮ߸ߣư磬ʻֺ롣ǽڳǽ֮һǺӣǴӲ齭һˮǳػΧơ
ڼ˳УλСݳڵŮ˲Ŀ
Ǹҽһ֮ˣеһ˻޹ڵĵۡ޹ڳеѣܰհڳſڷվһᣬԱ̯߰СعǿʲʣҪҪ衣
ʱ᰸л̯ĬѾʱһˣƲ˰ɡ
Ѿͷæúܣһ쵽ӰЦһߵͷԼĴһ˵
ʱ᰿۳ſŵУ̶ųŷ˵ٵһӣǾͳ
һɫӰǲԶŮ½˵ĵڲסģɵķĵȾɡ
ŮȺҹΣƺѰʲô
飡
Ц֡
ϸЦݣ첽˹
һΪѾˡ
ͷһ˯ʱʱ᰺Ц˵ûߣǾ֪
׬Ǯ˼⡣ε񱨳ƿԪһƿ鵤㹻չشĿˣɾ̫ˡ
Цס֣ʱƵġ
˶ǳϵĵӣͨӶҪźһЩʦ𻹾ó˽ظǿСֻܿÿ·ķܹÿؽӵǶһ
̿ĿԽãĬ󾹻վһˡ
˳пڰԣī߸һֻųһֻ裬еغš
ЦݲάֲסһѸٻϲĿǣλǡ
½ϧԷ²룬ĿͶ˹վֱӣЦǰ˵λ½磬ϻشҺ͸εЩΣգ½罣Ⱥڣаա
ŶȻ
ЦգۣǰǰǼ𣿡
ûϳ
½ϧ
л˵
½ϧϱٶҲһʶơ
飺ʶ죬λ


104 
, Цϴμ½ϧʱѪ, ûϳҲ
СߴԲûϵ, ½õģǻ˵, һϤˡ
һ, ̧˾ֻڱవʾ½ϧ, ֮Ӧǲ, Ҫҽ
½ϧҲϣɤ, ÿĿǵ½, ϧұ곤, ԸЦһ½硣
ü˲֪ݾͰˣô˵ֻģ
㴩ԽǰĶʮ꣬⸱Ҳٶ, 磬ܵ
õ, ½硣
鰵ҧӦ
߰, Ǹ, ˭Խ, Ϊ, ӵ˻, ͬȣǾͰһˡ
ʱ˵˷׷׼ɽĿص

ٽƽԭλԴǵŲ齭һƽԭشֻҪ㣬ֲ֮Ҫϡܶࡣ
ԴȻռɼܲסԴԴϵӿ룬ͷʹľסҲսӵΪ˽ʡռ䣬ʾ󣬿ɭֵĲľͨũȥһڲϵǨơ
ͬǣҲ̾Ұޣв˸룬ھƽԭʱմ󶼻ѡؽˮ·
Ҳվǰԭ
ٽƽԭԴ̫ˣҲѩԭ˵ıؾ֮·׼أΧ̾ҰҲǸǱڵв
Ұ޺ħ䲻ͬմ˸֣ȻȺҪ׽Ϊޣһǻۣһħٳ֮ʱΧҲ£ͼһǿɾͲðˡ
ž㲻ЩɸɾҲҪ𷽵ðġ
⻹һҪԭ򣬽ٽƽԭ̽ٷְٺɽͼͿʱع۲쵽ƽԭĶһħ̤ƽԭҲܸػ鱨
ʱһָķע룬ָҡڲģָ򶫱
ÿȡСӶȡһķԸӦ߽޵ķλֻ޻ƶϻĸţⷨķλָ򲢲ȷָֻŷ
ڸ߿УȻֲϡ٣Ұ࣬ʱʱЩʯ赲ߣ಻֪µɳӶѨżҰôǽ´ܳδܳٳߣͱɳӥ岶׽̳븹
Ѱ˰ʱеķȻҡΣǶʧĿ꣬ѭŽȥһƬŨǰеľ£һĿȻƽԭط·硣
Ӧˡʱ˵
ĻҪŨɢɫŨƽԭϲƽ׳޵ķΡ
ŨǰѾû֮أŨԵء
ȷûжȷһⶾ
ʱᰶ˵
Ǽ곤ģΪҲߣÿӳ縺ŶӳĽɫԵϸأһĵӣûвġ
ĬЦԹԹͳⶾ¡
ԭɵվû
鲻˼ͷû
½ϧֱԣ𡣡
ɼµĶأһĶЧᱸЩ
½ϧǴδҪýⶾ״ɱϵޣһնɱԷʹĻᣬ
ҪжĻߣϢǣʿ˵Ϣʱ£ٲãеСҲˣҲˡ

ʱΣһ˷һƿ
һ˵ӰûŨ֮УŵײϿݻƵĲݵأϸĶ˷֮еֲʿ˥ήҵ״̬Щʰ쵵Ģ滨ø
Ȼж
֮УҰޣǰٶȻһͬʱҲܴÿһʱͻᾪ߳ϡ
ô˵Ķ̫ˣֻܶܿǲͷжЧܸһЩ
ʱͬͷĿ󣬲Ҫжʱôϵ
̶ֲĵضһ䣺Ƕаɣ
СĬЦͬ
û֨ͬû꣬˵ôʲôܳˡ
½ϧ̹ӣü΢㲻ҲһΪʲôһҪǶ
ʱ̾˿ִӴͳӴݸˣʱһ񣬴ұص˴ϢԽƻδһξѰ
Ӧ˷ֱͬķλʵ̺ʽ
ǰԼ֮ȷͬѾ൱ľ룬˿ٻϵͳϣٽƽԭ̽ȲţٶȱЩ
صľδ֪أӦֵ̽˵ٽƽԭ޹ڵԽԽˡ
ץжС
̧۹۲ܣϡȫɫŨĶγ⣬ֻоһԵڴ˴棬һڵر͸ľӹȻ۾һ
һϸɫϣʱһȦȦĿ٣ѷ֡ͫһϸߣһ˯
ǰλϵܣʸ·¡
֧εԴͫԻ֮ɫΪǰֻޣȴźͬԣ
һƬϴĶ
ƶʡ
֮ѵеã;辡ȥβԹԵָ˶ĳ
л
֪ȷеķֱӶ˽·Ӱر任˲ʧŨ֮С

ΪŨ֮һòĿ£һ޴¶쳲Ѩ
Ѩէһ񳲣ֻʹ֦ҶѣõǱȻֵɣƺҲûģһͷһ鳣ɻŲľ壬ϯֵĶƺǴӸĸׯ˼ҵľжġ
ȻѨֲܴںܳª㹻ҲаȫС
ˣʱҲ̾Լܲ͸ŨУŶԵʱ⡣
ԭҺҡ
һԲŮ徻
Ѩ˾صɴ۾ٴаըͫǰӰһɹЮȳ֮ѹƵԳѨΪɢ΢΢ɢЩŨȻǲӯϿӰȴƺУȹڶδƶ֡
ǰɫƵľޣԭٽƽԭͷӣһߡ
һϹޣʵǿɲأǰϵϹѪƺѾϡˣǶԶԭչĻص˫ѾɻƤڲסˮͰϼȦһƵĻС
߼ԼѹȻ޷ӰޣȻֱ۹ιֲڵĲľͷƤ˲䱻޴Ӱ֡
źںţʣޣ
鸺֣üĵ̣ӽɽҵĵˣ
ˣͷ˿Լ˰ѡ
ٿԴնɱԼޣǵһμѵġ
ˡ
ɽ񣿡
ٰ
ɽͿ˵ҪѲԼ
ߵɺͫ˰Σ֣ƾʲô
Ӧܸ֪ɣ˴Ƕȡ׼ġ㲻ھʹ뿪ҿһ
黰䣬¶˽Žɵɫ
ΪжΪϣ⣬⼸Ѿ޸ҽˣʱʶչȥȻ쵽˼״޵Ӱڳ˴
ջͫǰ࣬ºмɵʤʡ
ԳɽŮˣȥƺûʲôսӣǲôţƷ㹻ѹһͷˡ
ͬʱҲĬĬ۲һһһʱҪչķģʼգβûŲ֣ѨôԸô
ӹѨԵһԲ⻬ʲ¶һ룬߲Ŀ⣬βŲŲʵˡ
ȻڵԹ뿪ҿԸƼһ֮ءĻȻѱȡߣӰ£γɵҽڣůʺѷ
棿һȻɫ΢
ȥǧķλһɫɽͷˡ
ʵﲢǷľλãΪشƽԭҰտױ¶òɢΡĹ̼ŵѾһʮˡ
Щ꣬Ϊ˶޵׷ɱʱۣļʮͨʱʱ붾εޣʱϿӹĽӰ֪ϱ߲ԶһΪԴǵ඼ǣ˲ǰ
ˣǵҲʵĵؽ磬ᵢ˷Ľ̡Ѫе˵ܵ壬Ҫ
Ȩ⣬ٿԴ˶ͷ­ڿҪƽ֮ƣȻһתѪڴţԼµߵ̽С
С˫ʹȶųŤŷ˶ҡҡλεطϿС
üˡ
ǧǿǿӦܷɵɡ
ǰ߲ݺݵضһۣڲƭԼ군һ
ȥֻһưܿյĳѨܵĶҲʩߵȥۿɼٶȱϡɢ
ͨϵͳ壬̽һأȷѾ뿪ٽƽԭŹر塣
ЩڷҰޣħ϶ĳЩħűʵĲͬ
ͼ޻ѭԵıܣʳҰ޺࣬ͬСĳͷ֯Ⱥھ絽һ̶Ⱥǻһǻۣ˶˼Ǳ̣Űɱࡣ
Ȼħ϶ޣܾΣûпǻۣᱻħٿأΪͷβĹħ
鿴ǻˣ߻ˣܻˣⶼǶﱾܣûҪϾɱֻҪܽͲ㻵
Ҷ´ǻɱͷޣʵǿϹ޵ѪΪ˱׵һƴ಩սս٣κһλŵ˶ʧ
Զ֣Ҳⲻһ߻ۼףĹ޺ѷƣԷǶϵޣġ㶾͡ҲǷˣսۿۡ
뿪õĽ취
κȻʼɢʱᰵ˿϶Ҳ쵽ԣҪһҹ׼ȿһתĳϤߴӰпһÿԣ֪￴˶á
߷ųѹϮ֮ʱ½ϧպڸѸٸ˹պײߵ̸л棬û
㲻߳Խթš
½ϧ˹˵üĿ
ݣкεģźúõ벻ҪҲ磬ǱɱҲ١
½ϧÿɷüԣʥĸˣ
Ŀ΢٣Ͽҷʣʥĸġʲô
鷭˸ۣ㴽͸ʲô
ಣС˷׷׸ɢŨǿҵźţʱʱ᰼˱ɵϿգûŨڣڳѨǻֽϵһڶ۵òܸۣ̱˴ˡ
ʱ᰿ǰ޴յĳѨɵʣʲô
Ҳʲô֪̯֡
ʱȥ½ϧޱ飺һ
ԣͦϡ
Ĭ²⣺ͷ޸֪ǽ˶Σǰˣ
Ҳ̫˰ɡЦ²ۡ
ʱ᰾е֣ƺҲûбĽˡ
漴ǿóѨϸ飬淢ɳɫʰ͸״ĸɱƤ״
ЦϲɣˣòȫҲŽˡ
ʱҲ¶΢Цȼɣ˲Ѿǻʼˣǻһʮսնɱ
հպã½мλͬڵӸѾȵǣ׷׸̾Լˡ
ûһһѴ֮һϵڱ
ٽƽԭֵ̽100%ѻΪأɽͼѸǣܵӳɡ
ϵͳ𣬷뿪֮ʱֵ̽ǣŸŵӵĵʱȻⶥ
ͻȻֵ̽ĹɣҪ飬ý˵ԭ̾ͷӻնɱУǳ˵һɽݶɡ
ˣɫ磬Լͷͼ޻ȥǣҴķһûء
Ц˻һ˶ûзԡ
Ǵ˷׼ȫŴһȻ˼򵥾񣬵ֻûʵô˵ɨˡ
ƽԭУһΪĵͼޣõӥȶܾ۳⣬ëϵϺòϡֻṥϵѿеκζͬ࣬׹ϰ߶ӣҲͬ࿿
ԣҪɱޣʲôɣֻҪӥ঳ֵĵط伸Ȧͻ

ٽƽԭϿգһͷõӥڸƽԭأĿѲ
ܿ죬˫۾۽ĳһӶ˫ᣬѸײڶٶȼٸ塣
ġȴ죬Ϯķһ
ˡ
µ鳯Ĭ˸ţһ̣õӥצݺݵسĬıץȥĬͷҲδأͬʱ󶪳һŷ
ϱһǿҵĹâõӥĶεֱ˿ס˻õӥ˫צõӥʶԼϵˣŭХ˫𶯣׹۳ͣݺݵسѾ֮Ĭȥ
ʱڣȽٶȻ죬ڵ϶һڵĿӶ˵ˣһһҷס˷סĬȥ·Ҫһɱ˼
ಡ
ݡ
һɢźı׶һĽͬʱһһ򣬱׶Ĺ켣ᣬһԵľʯϣʯ죬ѣұײ˽ʱķѣ䡣
ʱָ⻹űĺزĿһԵꡣ
½ϧУ˳ʣƺûжöٵ
ʱ¾죬ۿƮƮһôԼıǾ
ԸޣһҪۼֿ죬ֻе嵽ʱһĻὫƽȻػգҪٲ׽ˡ
Цô˻ᣬȫעڻõӥ˫צϵңõӥֻҲβסס˫ӥͬסߴߣ˲ʧȥ˷֮
ս̼¸̾˶޵Чʣֲۡ
ҡҡͷȻûͰæƸˣëóġ
׼ǰʱӰ֮£һ˫ë׵˫
еϸ΢쳣оû̫࣬ʶض˽һԣ͵ϮûеóѣʱȥգۼӰʧ
黹ûüѣһЦĻҾ
ʲô˸͵Ϯ
л˵
޵ľ绮֣Ӧе޾磺
ޣͨӢ죨𵤣ԪӤǻʣˣʣɼ


105 
½ϧ顢ЦͬʱϮ
λƴ, ʱ½ϧھ쵽״ʱԽ, ĺӰʹ, һҵƽУŤܡ
Цûô, ڶ鷨Ļõӥ, ûвжڿֱһ˫ë׵˫ʣЦȫĺë, ˲侪г
ӰֺѸֳ, Цͷɫһ䣺ҵĴ
ԭ, Щ͵Ϯ߾ȻǱ͵ġ
ЦĴﲻİҵ, иոյֵɡ
׷
ʱᰵ, ҲǱӵĻõӥˣ˵ǼӰӴܵķ׷ȥ
ӰٶȺܿ죬ģ䣬ܿ˵ֲͣˡ
ٽƽԭڻΪغ, յʴͺƵ, ˷ʢݣܵĿҲ³ѿ, ިҶƬ, ϡ»Ĺ, ζ˵ƽԭԵĶҲ׷׻عԭء
ЩӰܴ, רֲïʢĵطꡣǲķɢͬķӴ, ƺ׼һͷҲصܡ
СվסҴ
ЦּһֶݺݳǰӴܵĺӰ
ߣӰȴ鶯һڿշɵض˹ȥ
һʱ䣬ͽҷɣѤõƽԭ𵴡
һű˻ֵľȻϿ룬һΪҵʱᰡ
½ϧӺ󷽴Ǹûס

ھºҶӰֲӰûмƽϣ׷
Ȼ׷׷ţͷֲԽԽ࣬ƽԽԽ٣νдƽԭݱɴֵơ
ʱϵͳطһʾ
뿪򣬽δ̽أɽ˵Ͻ뿪֮ǰ޷̽ȡ
֪ǾȻȺƻĺӰһƬء
鿰ͣסŲܱȺһǣűߡ
ڵ׷죬öʧҰ
仰˶飬շȥ
һ𡣡
½ϧĽ⵽Ĵʵʩչ
Ӱһǰһ߿գϡƲ㣬ȥֻǰƽԭĵƹȻƬȡһСɽߵΡɽ崣ǰʱᰵɽλá
ĸ߶ȣԿʱᰵ˵Ӱƶеľ׷бζŴ۵ķâЩӰɽ
ɽǵõϵͳϵģʱҸŵطĹͲͬ˵ɽѾ˵֮ֻҪ̤⴦أͻᱻ˶ϡ
ȺӰĿŵؽɽ赶ɱˣѰӻ
²ţȻֽµֲзâ˸λҲǰƺʲôסˡ
ȥ鿴һֽ׷˹ǰһȦʱᰵ飬ɽǵķҲĳֽѹˣ޷ãΣ
ƣ
鵱˫ۣۿȥµɽͷȻнƽ磬һᱡ͸ļǽɽ֣ʱᰵǡò˼ǵıԵĸ߶̫ߣڽϿա
粼µλã⡣ɽϷ·ʿܵӰ죬ֻ½һ߶ȣԽ֮ˣŻܵӰ졣
ʿȫɽǷȻʧЧ
һǻ棬˺ͽͬʱӿֱֱ׹䣬ˤҲˤС
ôֽ׸ʱ᰻һ仰󣬶½ϧ˵Ȼȥȥһɽͷˡ
˵꣬ԹԵسɽߴȥ
˴ˣҲˣѷɽ̤ƶСϮ棬΢ŵƷīɫ½ǡ
ôţ
½ϧĬԡ
ˣ֪ɣܵĴڣҲֻðա
½˽磬ȥҿɲ㡣
鵭˵ϺȵĶѡ
˵գ㲻ٹɽȥ
Щǣȫٶ£˾δ˦޼ٶ׺
գۼ䣬˱˽Ե׶ٵشǵ͸ϡ
ϵͳʾѽɽ磬ܽӰ죬Ʒµķ޷߶
Ž翴½ϧ͸ŵϷʣڻȥá
һֻδ³ֻ½ϧֱ̤˽磬²ŵ齣̩ɽ·һҲδӰ졣

ˣѳ̫ɽ°γǰѡ
ϧϧ
ٶϧһѣ⽣Ǻýѡ˵۹ⲻô½ϧΪֻн𵤺ڣҲ֪ܷܲӳ⽣
ӰϢɽ嶥䡣
ʱɫ𽥰³ϣҰ׵¹֣ϡ͵˪ܣ⿴һҰɽͷûݣûĺۼ
¹ӳһС鲦ݴԣǰʮǰһƬյأҲڿյصڷһ˸ߵŵͶӰ
Ŀ΢٣֣ôһʯΣ
ȥȻһֻºס
ͷ½ϧ˫ۣɫأҡͷ
ԽļͷŻȻ֣ΧĲݴԺԱ߾ۼӨӨө棬һһѷ衣
ʶòԾڻûө淺ĵļڰ
ϸһ鵹һ
ЩɫĹ㣬ө棬һ˫˫ð۾һ˲˲ضˣ·ĿߣʱŻ
½ϧ˴һͬʱ彣˰ӳ׵»ԣʱƫбߵĽǶȷϸ΢ĸı䣬ЩҲ¹¶ʵģ
һ̣ɽΪʲôйɽˡ
ͳ˼ëǿ׳ֻ׺ͬɲĹļټѪԣǵò㲻ϿֲɱڶĲ߽˺ë
ɽ̣Ǵɽ˵Ķž֣ʵԭԳһ֣Ϊƹȶ
鿴ɽҰڲݴԺµ۾˵ҲֻԳ
ʱ͵ͷ֯Ѩ龰ơ
ȻʱѲǵһȴ֪ʹõˣʹЩԳһӵϣҲʮ֮
£ЩԳ߲ƣȴûðȻ˼ɣɡ
ԵȪ˿ңһۣ˭ˣ˭ҪǸ
Ҳ̫ƭԣżΪֹҲµС½ϧɽݣȫʶľٶ
˺ԳȺţִܵ춯ԽԽԳѶ˹ɫ۾鲼ɽȣؽ˲ΧԳȺ׳󣬰ΧȦڲϵС
ֱԳѾƽǵ̲֮࣬סˣҪ֣Ȼؿʼ΢ƵɢڲƵһɸߵð˳ڲ䶯·ʲô
½ϧעȫֻϣѵһ죬·ſʳ˻ӡ͡³һСӰ
Ӱȵڵվ׷Բԣ壬ֳһľȣɫӳȹȻһ
ţ˫Ŀǣʱɢ˵ľ⡣ɢڳɽ̼ء
̫һ֣еԳͬһʱӣͷ­˾ηƽǼֻԳҲ˻ȥ
е⣬û뵽Ⱥɽ̵ͷȻǸ̫̫
ϸܵ˺ȺԳͬϢ׼ȷ˵ǸѾεԳ
ɽþûˣֻҵĵ̣ôĵӡ
ϵɤŭеĹȵ˵أһضɽҡ
ĿеĹϣǸÿƣȵĶǶһſƲ۵ɫԲ飬ɢ޵Ĺâ
΢Ѳǡ
ǲⴳ룬ѵĴǲһ·׷˴
½ϧǰѺĽ̫ۣһʱעϣֱ鿪ڣ־һʱ޷ϢЦ
˵أĸ˸˵ҵɽͷԭǸɡɽû߼ˣΣǿѹͷߣ˵ֻǵɣϵˣҲ塣
ʱһԳԶץЦĴ׸
ʶɨ£෨ڿߵɣһ˵˼ھӺȻϢȫޣҵͽͽȥɽ̽һ̽Ϣû뵽˴ѵͣЩСˣ̾
겻ѣȴһ˿֮ɫ
ֻǽ𣬲նɱ֮࣬˺˯ȥӦø˲ǡ
壬֮ʲôأԳѾ˳ۺܾˣֻǳڼɵ˴˵ʵలô꣬߱ߣԳֻ¸˻
˼ƣûգЦ˵ʡҲùĨǡ
ߵŹʯα£ҪҪԣñҶǳߵƤҲûʲôȤΪɽӦвٺöɣ
Цӯӯأһܺ˵ģȻ
ͷԼĴһЩȷ˲ټ˽ʯȪͲ˵ˣҪҶÿķ̡ҶȵȣЩӺԭ϶ǽɻ黭Ŷֵơ
Щ޷ΪĶ޿δϲ
Ȼó黭Ȫʯʱмһˣӱ߳
ֲõʯȪ˵ô黭˵ǷֽһţϲȲҶ
գû뵽Գﻹͦź
ԳԳϲʲôأ
Ȼէ֣һţӴȡ̳
Ŀ࣬Ũľζ˷磬ЦŵɾʱϣҹѾ㴵ɽ֣ܻ۾һɲȥĵ⣬ת˺Ϳ
ָ㣬ֽ̧̳סڱǵţɫ
ץһֻԳιһڣԳ⣬ػ˫ۻһڣ˦佫ƿž̳ͷ¡
ƵζΣʡ
ǿڡĨĨ죬˵һС
ΪƣصزҪһ̳Ʒϳ˵ƣҪ꣬ң˽Ҳ࡭
⵹ûͬԳ䷽ľƣݲ̶ͬҲв죬Ӷֳͬĵȼ˽ؾȻõġ
ľƣܹжʮ̳̳㻻ȡʮ̳ü䣬ϵΣ


106 
ü̳Ӿƾ뻻ҵ飿ǵϺͿ𡣡
ŹЦ, ӱһӣ̳ӾУ˵㻰, ̳ӾƲ, ˣĶϽ뿪
, ֱ߷, ץס
ףƴδع, ֻ̽Էһ¡
Գֲɵ, ֪ǺöȻҲרǶڹ档Ȼղ, ʩչǶݵصɶ顣ľ, ҲΪ, ɽϵֲïʢ
ûоԵĺôԳ׵ذ齻
ǰȻļֻٶ, ޳ǧ꣬ǰҲ, ɫܷڴЪϢһ, ٶ뿪
صɽûпջ, Ҫ޾ֻ˯ڵϡȻҲϲʳ, ҵЩͽͽɾͲ˵, 
ǵĿйһ˿Ц, λһһ߰׹ǣڴްա
˵꣬׷ֳֹٶȵµأ㳾Ƶذסȫ˲ʧԭء

ϡҹ庮žشȼյ졣¼ţżԳХ
ܲ˽磬ó˼ǽ̣ȫλǵΧԶЩ۾Բĵضǣȴҿһ
Ϊһ̷̤ΧԳӰŨûϢ֮󣬴Ũ񱼶ȫ˴ССѪۣ˺ôһѪ˹ȥ
ɱӺЩԳٲˡ
һ⣬ԼСҪ
ڲݵϣ˸βͲݣ췱ǣŵôܰǿƭ֡
½ϧ·𿴴£񣬳ȺĻ⽫ӳ󣺡СɽѾ֧Ѳ
Գ̸ף½ϧ;֣ƢԣҪرĴ󲻴һѾõĽôͬñ飬˲䷴ӦԭǶԳϵ˼
ˬϣûȻĿѣΪѾͷһʼҲѡСɽ
˾Ͳԭˣңɢɣȥľȥģô
ʱգۼСɽִԽԽãԼѪǧյá
õ飬ںϣʲٶȻ죬Ҳܽµɽ񼼣Բսħܶ༸ְա
ֻԳȻ֪󣬽ǶڹЯҪõֻ֣ˡ
½ϧӲζ޵̸ˣŻֱӰνɽ
У޺ħһǲбǵĵˡ
ʵϣҲԼֻ֮ͳ֮Ȼ෴һ޷ͷ·ľͷһܳ
һ˻εĳ̶ȣͲܵħ֮ǰߡ
һֿӾͽˣǻ᲻ݣûΪǴ̶֣Ҳд˲֮١
϶ǲеģ뻹ʲôӡ
䣬ϵͳ˸ѣʾֻһ񣺡ȡ顱
ɽвһö飬ϧ̫ɽˡħս٣ʱɽµУȻǵѡڱͻǰ£취͹ɽԳŻȡ顣
Ƶعص壬뻻˼Ҳϰ
Ժϵͳ֪ܲԳϲʲôҿֵ
ϵͳԳźøжȲ50㣬޷֪
飺ںøжж٣
ϵͳ10㡣
۾һΪ0أǼ̳Ƶá
ҪȻСɽ˽صļ̳ȫǲǾܰѺøжˢˣ
ϵͳС̣Գŵĺøж޷ͨƻȡ
ˢøжȲ֪Գŵϲãǲ֪Էϲôˢøжȣⲻһѭô
һü˼һ߳ҧﹷβͲݵĸ΢ζӯǻ
½ϧĬش
Ƕյ˻ůϮһСľ˯ˡ

½ϧƫͷʲô״˲
˺֮żҲȥɽµԴǹһ䡣л·¸Ӹ⣬ɽﶼԵĸʲôζǱ˴˳ζȷŴ
ٹѾãѲϰ߳Էʳֻһ飬µľַŽ˴
ڵʱǾֹģʳʲ½ϧҲͻȻ£ҪҪӸ⡣
˼Ѿȥܹˡ
˯ú޷˫ֵԺͷβͲҲӴϻ䣬žȵĺؿϸ΢
½ϧеȻԳţȻнô˫۾ţʶһֱǽġ
ڽĲݵϣ˵˯˯ˡ
ȫûЩԳͬҲһͬˡ
ԶΪ޳Ǹ
ͷһؼɡ
ҹη絭Ϊû˼Сҷ廹ҪûЩԳʺ¡
½ϧҲϯ΢ָĦŽ·۵׵ҹ䡣
ȻСɽգʱεĻ棬һֱ⡣
Ǽʵ̫ʵã϶Щ治ΣǼʵļ䡣
ǰ𣿻ĳ⽣µĺۼԼȥδ˵Ը
еĽƺ֪˵΢΢
[ƾ]
½ϧۣѽݳġ
ԭϴֻε˼֪ƵƬΣʵֻΪ粻ֻҪƾָܻļ䣿
½ϧ̤֮·ʱûһֹͣ츳ҲԾܳãû֧֣ɿԼڳһŵӡ
ûʱƾЩƬξһŴ̵ɻ󡢺ֲ
Ϊǽ𵤴ԲԪӤֻһͻ
ˡ
½ϧͨ͸ǰǵð죬ǰǰ½ϧŲᱻȥס
ѽȥʲô˼ҵĽ˶ݣŬԸˡ
һϸɨգ˼·ٿرϡԱߵ˷˸ֱչһƺϡ
Ů˫ۣŨ΢̣Өף¹ҫ¸֬񣬱ԺľһƳƽ࣬ɾάֵı仯֮
ԵݣĶе
½ϧһ䡰ɽԲ۾һֻܾС¹ӦþͨʿˣΪ˵ȤôһӸʶƣҪжƾжơ
Ϊʲôʶƣ½ϧԼҲ㲻Եɡڵʦʦÿطݵ͵ɽȥ棬϶ƭȥÿضܱһʶơ
ڹ۲ˣ˿ֻܷܿһЩһĶ
뵱ɽ񡭡
顭ؼҡ
ŮŴȻ߽
½ϧֻ˯Ůһ࣬üšƺʲôֵ¡Ƭ̺üչǻԲֳǵ³֣ƽ


ա
鱻һյӣȻ
̧۾Լ˯һ˯ͦ㣬һΡ
Уڼ߿飬޹ǵһ죬սף̤߲ƣз츲صܣ̾ͽħԴǵİǻڲѣ޹һδˣ˶ϵعʱһĿϼ⣬֣һۣѾصִԭΪĴԽֻһΡ
տƵ죬̧գľѹ̫ˣȻôΡ
ո֧һ۴ϻ䣬񣬿ڱĿ꣬ǸоĿ⣬ĬĬۡ
ﻹץǼۣ½ϧ֡Ϊ˿ֱУǻŮµģ۾ʱǼ£ӵʱ챻˺ˡ
·Ȼֻ
ָָͷĲǣ
½ϧԼġ
˵ͬ飬ھͻôң
֪Ǹͨŵӣеȣ޹ŵӴöãôҪ򲹶·ɣ
Ҳǡÿδܣ·Ūƣ˻Ҫ򣬷һ컹ܴ
½ϧֻܳȥϵĻҳûָֻԼˡ
ƽʱ򲹶·ûʲôȻʱﱻϵĵɾ࣬ʮָаϸȷĵǺе󣬲е㷺졣
ǻӡ̲סʣƽʱ׬ʯȥˣ

ʱȻƷʵĽ͵ȷ۸񲻷ƣְֲûô׾ݡ
½ϧûۣս˴תƻ⣺뵽Բ𣿡
£ŷӦ˵顣
»ӳ顣
̫ˣıԳֿϣֲ֣ܶո˯ѣӸӻ磬ʵ벻ʲô취ԳĸԸؽϡ
ΧЩǵԳȺ֪ʲôʱɢȥˣӵĲʸûʧ
˰ˣȥҲǸ취ɽСɽôֲᶪʱǹƻڵԼɴȥ
齫𣬳ȥ˽硣
ڹɽĳصĵص׶ѨԳźƣųʶоİǿϢڿնԶԼء
ˡ
ԳϵɤЩ׽ĺ⡣

Сɽ·ϣȫУûпȴֻ꣬żŻͷһûиϡ
ڻͷҲˣĵϹɽΪɾȻ˦һڵĵӣ˵ȥŶš
ʱ󣬻صԼصϿգȻּɽ䣬ºͻµʿɫҴҵ̼ͣ
ǰµʽЩӡƺˮڵʿЩʿµûӦڡ
ˡ
ͣµӹҲ׷ѴԸȥˣȻⴢЦǣһбҪæң˵ȥչˡ
½ϧӦ£á
뿪ʲô̧⿴һۣҵǷ񱨳Ͳظˣȥ·ɡ˵ֱ꣬ȥ
½ϧչĹĵĴڷɽ֮ϣ㶵ؿԶȥıӰƬ̺󣬺쳱ٶ϶
л˵
½ϧôֱĸо
飺С
׷


107 
½ϧ˽Ƶе, ƤʵͦģЦʱ򣬿Żе㲻䡣ǰ, ͬŮϺõĽͺĥʯ, ʦܵǰߴӵ˵, Ժ԰·
ܾ, еоðˡ
ء
ͷһźĻĴĬĬŽ½

һá
ﻹŲζ, ޹͸峤һ, ͬ۵ʿϹҲ, , Ƹ, ڴ
޽õһ˶ʿӵվµĴ
ʿǴѩѶˮںڵĵӡʱҶĲ˸ڱţ˵ħѩԭؾ֮£
ˮȴΪھԹǵĴŵ, ֮£ֱħѩԭȵؾ, ʶͷ
ˮ˳˵Ҳ, ŵĵۻƫƫǰɫ, ȾѪ۱ʮԡ, ݽ, ʹ, ǻ໥ָжΡ
³ϣѵ֪ѩԭ֮£Ϊβ֪ȫ£Ǽͽɥ֮ڣ
ܹǰ޹˲дѩԭħ϶ŵ£˵žˣ˭֪ǲɢҥԣǵĴҡ

ˮڵúܣƤţߵԼˡ
̵öֱɨһںϾȲҶ
ĳܹܲٳû޹ڵ˾Ա߿ЦôǶ
ҵһ·ƣϸˣڲԣϣҪȥ
Ͼ£ûڵأ֮ûУ»޹ݲòŵΣ˵˼
ģĳ֮ˣħ干ͬʹ֮ЩԹ׮ϸֵһᣬ
ҶЦų룬˵һ̹Ȼ˵ĳǺ޵֮£ҲˮڱţҲţӭλˡ
Ҷ仰㽫ǰһʹ޹ڵļλϿݷӣҲǼʹˬ
ˮ͵ʥһ·׷ɱǵСɽŵһģʵڿҵɽȻڶܾˣͿȲ衣
ǷˮתҲˮڵ޹ڵһ찡
ؿ㣬壬ڴ˷޹ڴպʲôҪڶƴǡ
һλǳɫȹŴٵʱ˵ϡ
ͣڴ˾һ꣬òȴһֱ仯۽Ƕ˼ϸƣȻˣŮ
µ޾Ӷ࣬ʹپʹѵģҲƽʱٽɷڲɽԼͷչ͡
ˮڣھʹܶ࣬ǰʿѩԭؾн޳ʱǾѾյ޹ڵĴźȻṵ̂ڣҲʰȷͷʱһӦӵ÷ɿ죬ûŵˡ
ڣ˵ˣ߿߿࣬һšһͨɽˣòųװ
һĨ°ɫӰɫһݣæײΰݣμɽ
ݰԴѹøͣΪԲѷһֻϳĪĵĸо
ҺȫȻǵˣλºȹڣżɽѩǵˣ
ǰɽǳ֮ʱħ϶ѴѩԭѩΧֻѳħߣûлˡ
˶٣ЩֵѩϺڴ˾סİղ࣬·;ĴׯǿյģƺѰ롣
ҶͣţɽҵǲӸ֪;հ룬ڳС
ø֪ķ˰ն֪ȴٶ˹װʧôӵ
üͷħ϶ŵٶȣûҪ찡
ϲӣֱ˵ˡҲˣԴ⼸ǽΪ˵ħ֮ǿѡǹͬפԴǣҲԼ
ƽ̨վŵĸλʿ˵Ըפسǽģ˺뿪Ҹұ֤ǣԴǵֵסӵϱߵɲħʳҲǳ¡
ᶨҴԸ¡
ƽһߣ֪ʲôΣӵôæҩȱƷûд١޹ǰԤ֪ѩԭȳ£ô̵ʱｨóǽ㿪ţݷ˰գ˵Դ㣬õĺڴ⡣
Ҫǣɽִ֡
ǰ£ƺûиõѡˡ
ˮҲԸ¡˵
鲢ǵѡ񣬿һҶȻӹͷˣӽڵӶ谴޹ڵĹ£ɽĺڵͬ͡
ȻӦ
Ҷ̶˵һ˵ŵĴνǰ
ڴ˷ҵ޹ڴţûеµӹǧ߰ˣϵӹаʮˣʿλɽǲ
ˮµɣֻʣǧˣжˣʿаλ
һһ˿ڲ裬˵ˮڲǴţʧɣȴڶһ
ʮķչ޹ڵĵҲֻǸոչǧѡ
ʿȻˣ˷ǣڵĵͼʿӶ࣬ϵʿǧˡ
ڵĵԶֹЩƫƫħ϶ѩԭؾؾǽ𵤵õؾ͵˲ٽڵĵӽȥ
ЩɶδפسǷ
ò˵ѩǼһʵն
Ҷͷͬسڼ䣬޹ڿ޳Ϊṩס޺ʳҩЩϡȱԴҪʯȪȡϾ޹ҲƵģÿն񷢲õû;׬ʯ
˶ûʲôҩ̫ˣʱһƷĵܾȻһӵͷ䣬ַʽ㹫ƽ

ҶȻ˶ݣĺ˫⣺ѩ֮ǰӦûǶŰɣ
ݵӰһ£ʣʲô
顣
ѩǳѩΪзĴڣˮڵڵظպڷĵطԽĵطԽŨԽȻˮڵʿҲڶôࡣ
Ҷ²⣬ˮڵ֪ѩڵģҵ
ϼһôǰ϶÷顣
˼һ΢΢üһϾȻз飿
԰еĻϵͳôûжء
ϵͳϵȷзϢûиоĴڣÿԸϢķװˡ
ڶݵϣ߶ٸѹѻӲû˵ڡ
֪ǽпԸϢɰ˭֪᲻Ϳ˽еαװ
ԥΣʵûǰƴѷ˳ҪȻҲôصˡ
ˮڵĶҲ졣
Ҷ΢΢һЦ֪ɷ񽫷ã޹ڿʯҩ໻
ҲϾܾ
ҶԵúģĳ̰飬ֻˮʧڵأûɽͷΪػ᲻ʧʵϧ
λСɽ֧齻ǣܷӳЧãʱħҲбϡ
Ǻõûзʱδ磬˭ܵˣԾסѩǵİղࡣ
ҪǸںϣǽʵĸı䡣ˮ磬һ֧ͶĵػƷʻһ㼶ܴЧʡ
Ҷ˻һ𾪣ڵҲ㾪°ͣʲôСɽȻˣ
Ҷͷûѵڴ˵شʱûио𣿡
æķȻܵŨѹ֣ǲŴ˰ʱϵͻָ˴룬ǻΪǵҩĹЧԭԵʡ
ǼۣĸأǶʿģڴ˵ؾþӣٶƼǣ
໻Īǻڽٵ֮£Ҷʡ
꣬Ϊ޹͵װڹǻҵıµ񣬶ﲻס
޹ںȻڣǲɽѩݺħᣬѩݲ֣ʹн赶ɱˣڶˮ֮޹ڡ
û˵Ŷˣڵضûˣ˭ƽڵĹǻңֻǵز뽻ˡ
ʱڵĳǷ׷׳Ȱ
㲻Ϊһ˽ȫְ
ǰѷɣϡı飬ɲôĿк𡣡
޹ڸṩ֮ǰӸǵҩˣҲûǿҪķ飬ʯȪ໻
ӦԵò֪ôˡ
ݶŸѹҧڣУңסҩЩǶʯ򣬵򲻿ܽġ
飬ˮŵϣ˵䲻ģħȳ֪ݿعռ˶ٳǳأ˲żüõ˷ݳǶ˵ƾˣ˭֪Դֵܲܵסڶħ
гǻüϱİ֮
˵˽ҲãΪҲãܵΪˮһ·Ȼ˻ȪҲԲ𵱳ɽɵڰ
Ը໻ˡ
һֹ˵ۡ
Ҫĵʱ˱ȶݽ飬ڳ֮Σ
ŰҡͷĿ⣬ԴǱ˷ݳǵĳǽҪ࣬ⶼֵܵסħӵϷҲֻ
ؽ鹰ַϣܲɽĺøУܸ˶༸ϣ
ٶվ˵ɽû飬ǽҲ˲ټ˽ҪڿȫϹġ
͵ؿһۣλ˵ĻɱȶˣҲأǿܾͣȫæسǣİˡ
ǲ֪Сɽж฻ӳµȪһ¾͵ֵ롣
˵ںϽ̫ɽ̲صøϡʯˡ
鿴۵ģֻ顣
ϧͷ飬ȫģһһý
һ൱һɽľһǳصļֵߣ˭ó֡
Ҫ飬Ѱ

δسǵʱǧ֮ѩǣһƬ˼Ĳࡣ
УٵĽֵһӰҲĿ֮ȫ飬ģɲħ棬֫ʯϷġա֪ҺմõǣƮɢ˷ŻȳϢ
Щħ״ͬСſȴĳǣӱǿճҺ壬һ˦ǱƷһľݣеۼף״غֱײЦѩԭ޹ɳ棬糤߰ߣƺ಻
Щħ̣ʲôʲôſ޴Ŀһڱ̵·ߵˮ̯ͬľһ׽£̳ǡ
ȻϲԵĻ⡣
Щڷûüܵķ˰գȫѭζ˳ҽжδֻһ̲Ѫ
ѩɽѩɸ¥֮ϣ޶ԵظŽڱħŰݻٵĳǳأѪɫߵϼȾˣڳħ籡һǰҾĹ⾰ĩա
ħ϶Ѿѩԭӽ˳ڣ϶֮һ޴ĸӷӳϸһֻټĹİںƵһһ·ʲô
ѩһƺҲĵȴʲô
Ŵ϶ħԽԽ࣬ħԽԽŨǹİƵ𽥼ӿ죬ͬжԽԽֱǹİıĤŵ͸ž춯صһ죬ըѣҵħֱ
ѩݼ״¥Ȼ£ѵĸԱߡ
һɫӰըѵĹİɳͣڰաһµӣɢīɢ裬ѩħƣȡ
ΰ
ѩݹڵأ˷֮ɫڷ˳תڣħᦱؽ˽硣
ʱڶѩݵɽᷢеǷϣŻĺӵӰȻʧˡ
ӻۣڶѩݵĹά޶ԣ̧һն׵ʹ·ӡļϣȥȻ¡
ǸӦʲôĿСɽķ򣬿Ťֻҧгݵطһ׷


108 
պ, Դǽβȫ
鵱رгţֹκη˺δŵشǧĳŻסʮ˸˺ϱĺľ϶, ֱӺˡ
ԴԽ, ͨó, ûճ, ƳħϮ£ҲѲܡ
д󲿷ֶǴɶ, ǲǰŴħֵ, ɲ齭òԴ, û뵽ôʷҪݡ
Դ, ڸҷ, ҲҳĽֵټ䡣
ڳ壬޹ɽϿֵýʱ޿̲ʿҴҵɹڿµۡ
, ߵĶţʿƽʱܰӵ, ǱܳһƬĶ
̫Ҫæˣ鵤ֿ˺ü, ֲˡĵҩ, ˵ĿⷿšҲδϹ, һѰѷ¯ô͡
еĵ, ޹, ˮڻڣȫɢ޵ķ࣬罣ޣޣ޵ȷ࣬Ӧĳϸͳ˧ϽʮֲͬսȥȻǰڿտɽͷ
ĿǰħϢ֪֮٣޹ڻûиħϹڵʱܵÿ죬Ҳûиǽֹֻˮڸħʧء
ֻħ棬ħǰ档
ҶλˮڵĳϽļħ棬ӶƶΪԵս
һħ棬ǽǳ棬κܴ󣬱紥ְɶ˱ս
¸̣ʲôͳĽ壿
ڶ֣Ϊ޹ɳ棬ҧƻǿµ޷䵥
ס°֪ͣҧ˵Ĵô½ϧǱ˵ġ
Ϊʭһţǹ⻬ӲײǿѲҵĻȫκЧã
ָ˵棺ϳ棿ѧɶţŶԣ󸾡
Ŀǰ˽Ҳֻôˡ⼸ħֻ̽·ǰ棬϶иħ⼸ħڶ࣬ѾǴֲֻڵضӡ
ˮħĳ޺
˵Щħ˷ݳƺܲһ׵Ȼ˵
Դ峤һ·ѳԴǳνΨһһʸ޹ķˡһʼгɣسսΪλҪһ˲μӡ
׿ڷ˻û˸
ҶһֱվߵģԴ˽˵ڵʿŸˣڵĵӣǳеķѾʮ
ڵĵֱȷǿȥأļҵӸվ˵ʮֵİմӮһٸȫװķˣʱ򣬷Ҳһɲɺӵ
ϿҶ˵⸹̣ҪҪŷϳԿħһ죬ǳʿˡ
ǰûǰȥһＸûħĺۼλڵĳҲ˵
ǰ˵ħĹƺһֳ;޴˫࣬ǰСðץߵޡ
ⶫħĺЩͬ²ܸйأ޴ǰΪʣǶƽԭ϶࣬ʺϳӵ
˷ֹϸѵЩħıָӣ
سǵѶȾˣԵĲһȺû˼άֱֻ֪ײħ棬һ֧мƻսħӡ
ĸλͳȻҲʶһ㡣
гϲ²⣺ڱָ֮˻᲻ѩɽѩݣ
ΪɽȴΪħ£ʲôɲģ
̷²⣺ħ;ѩͨҲܿħ˼롭
ͬΪɣԼֲûӴޣͨײһʿʶȴ޷һֻͼޡ
ΪͬһϵħȴǻģͺˮԶڡ
˶ݵĳĬ
ҶԺͻȻһ²⣬ʱһ亹²ʵ̫㤣˵ûС
λħλɾһɱӡڼԨô
ҶĹǣ鲢ûô࣬˭Ӧսǡ
ӷտʼ޹ɳһóԦ޵ʿΪǰСӣǻѩǵԴǵıؾ֮·ϣÿʱ㱨һħĶ
ħǰִԴΧа˰
ħǰִԴΧ
ħǰִԴΧ
ħƽʱЩסˣ׷׼ԷɽԴǽϷƾ
ֻԶĵƽߣ类һƬںڵǣۿɼٶȣسڷӿ
ʱԴλãҵʿԦŸԵķޣƮȺħϿգһŵĺȻ
һʿʿˮЩħȻô࡭
޾ڵĳˮͷ
һʿŽ޳ͷƤҲŷˣǵĳǽֵܵôħ𣿡
̫ˣҪǱȺΧסֻʬǶʳʣ
Щħ治ɣڿл㰲ȫﾪȵޱ졣
ͻȻ䣬ಡƿ𣬷źļ֮ﳯǼȥ
Сģа
˻æܣһʿǼ֮䴩
ʲôİ
ǼȾֺ£ƿյķĿȥ֮һȺеħУһȺ״Ыӵħ߾ǯβͣɢƵĺ⣬ЩǴǵββٵӡ
ӵβ̾ȻôԶ׼ͷҲϵڵļˡ
Ǹ䴩ʿɫʹҰףסβһˣʹ˳ѪʱӿѪʺɫǷںڡ
βж
Ϣ֮䣬ʿĿɢ٣ҡҡλΣͬ״Ҫȥ֧Ԯȴۼߵķݣֱֱ޵ıȥ
ǸʿӼ׹ۼҪˤ˵ֻ֮ǰҪħʳΣͷһֻ˶ͨѩ׵İ֪Ӻδϵʿһ죬һѽ׹ʿסȵطϡ
λʿ״һ
Ƕӳ
̫ˣסˣӳֱǼʱ갡
֧ħǰСӶӳôﱨţû뵽ͳ˱ʡ
ӴͳһŽⶾʿι£̧ۿԶħųɳգ߶ӳñɫ
ǵֻǶңҪ赲Щħǰ´ҲǡΣգ쳷롱ΪЩħֻڵУûм仹ȻԶ빥ħ档
ǵĴҲٰȫˣһǶ̣Ӹߴ£Ȼ
ȳ
ԥʿָʿǷ׷׼ԦǳħϿա

Ҷڱǽ֮ϣɫʹޡ
ԶԽԽƽħܵǰѹͬʱ׳ʿľĺҲӿͷ
ٶ࣬ҲЩûǺʶѣ
þûм˶ħˣҾҪǵħѪúϴϴѽ
ħ׼ɱҹףڵأҵȸƲ
ʿĦȭƣƺѾȲȺħһ֮ս
һ֮󣬵һħٽƽԭڵִԴΧʮĵط
ħֻйʭ߷ʽǿģٶ죬λ޳ǰԶԶţǷ·һֻֻĳ֣ɿسǰţ֪ƣ
գۼ䣬ЩħǰƽһֻԭǰĹʭͻȻˢˢʧˣŴɳһԼɣԼʮɵӳħ¡
Ҷǰ˲úõ壬ȫǵļ̣ЩʭǼӲޱȣ޷»ۣЩ̶Թʭɲ˺ǼܲסԽԽħµĹʭԽԽֱЩ̶Ǽļ׿ǣīɫѪҺ
Щ岼õúֲܴڣֻ渲һǳǳĸɲƤһȾͻȥɽеҰ޶СЩûͷԵħֻ֪ǰ壬ﻹû塣
ûиҶվڳǽϹԼվڸߵƶˡ
վøߣԶ
ؿֻ谭ħЩӾѾħħͬǵ壬Դǽ
ʱȣӣֻüڳܹҲ赲ħ治յʱ䣬ƬںڵҲûмٶ١
ԴǱٽƽԭǴƽأûʲôڣɭ֣ܲøõ壬ƽԭϣѾʡõˡ
Ч⣬ˮڵ˵ЩʭѲˣÿǰһһײӲǶڳǽһӣǹǵ
ôʭǵѹ϶ܼ᲻٣Ⲩ
תۼ䣬ħ壬Դǵǽ֮¡ʭȻҲǧֻ״ػصڵĦȻͬȥĵ飬һµǽײȥ
ǽǵײ΢΢š
ûʿðȻ֣ˮڻڵˣųǽϵλӣصȴʩ
ҶŽ²ħ棬˫Ŀŷ⣬ֳ̧佣ָǰȣ³һ֣ɱ
л˵
ǲд̫գҲдҲqaq


109 
Ҷһ, ʿȫ˾ְض
ԲˢˢЮٻԼóĸ෨, ҪǮħȺк, ǵһŷڰб㻯ΪӦķ, ħǺȥֳ, һħǻסԻ󷨣߸ӳַķ
ֻóսĽ, ֱԾ³, ηس彣ħǽⲫ
վڸߴƲ, ŽȻսս, Ĳȹ, ɫԺ˿βƮɣƽ˼Ȼ
Դеĵ񲢲ġʮ֮һòƵ޺, ʵЮſɰɽѹȸС
÷˲ʿҽ
ʵȫԼɽ, ɽͼ۲ǵս
ڷУʿǶšʿ, , ɽﶥš
ɽ, ʿǶ, һεĹ衣
, ڡ
ʿЩħ棬ս˿зĲɫâһѤ̻սϱÿһ䣬ֻħ
ֻһħ棬ͬһЧûС
ȣ֪ʭħĿӺӲܸߣû뵽ֻܷͼħ氡ҪҪô޵У
ЩʭƴײǽڳǽϹҶıսˣ˷нڿʼֻɱʭħ潻ʿ
յָ̷ǰתȥԸʭʭȻǼ̣Ǽܲסȼѹƣʿһƿķġ
ĽڵĸҲ࣬ڵĽֻܸɵۿ޲ߣܿ죬ʿǾͷ˹ʭ㣬Ȼܷз޵Ի󷨶ǺЧ
޲󣬸ǽȻʧĻЩʭȡ̬չ壬¶ĶƤҲǶƤĲλһѷҲܽ׹ᴩ
ǣ޺ͽʭ֮سǵѹ˺ܶࡣ
ʱǰǰСӷ˻һǽϡ
죬ûóⶾĵޣжˡ
֮ǰħβ˵ʿһλĵѶߵƣü˵ǹЫβо綾
֪ιⶾǲá
ЫĶƶ֮ʿѾضȻԣܳŵѾ
ε˵ⶾҲⲻˣȥʦ֡
ӵ̱˹ȻûʲôսسЩ˵ģȻҲҪڵһߡ
翴һ㶣硣
ÿλãʾϽˡ
翴һ۱֪˹ЫĶͬ¶ɫⶾҪʮϡҩĲⶾ裬ҩȻ˲ҩģǻȱζ
ζҩڳȥҡ
ζҩģһζڿຮ֮أһζڳ֮أһζ󣬶Ǽ亱ҩġ
һͷˣζҩľȻڲͬĵطб¸ԱҲû
սһӣʱʿһޡ
ʿԶ̵ĹֶΣֻнֻܺħĴ򶷣⡣Ϊ˽ͽ˵ĸʣҶ֮ǰ㶨¹أΪһСӣκ˶ɵж㻥
ÿһ֧СӶ䱸һ޻ޣԸ
һ˾ͱͬͻ˳ǽ֮ϣڶԸʭʱҲͬԶЫβˣиźѪ
ȼλ޾һԲߵʱ½½ʿˣ󲿷ֶ⧲˹Ыβ׷ױ̧ͬ˹һء
翴صͬߣΪھκʹ࣬ĵһ;ʮ꣬ûô¡
֪޳йЫĶǱȻ׼óĽⶾϧʱ䡣
ս˫ȭվԭأǶӳԱ˶Ѵ̡
ЩжﲻĶԱҲͬţѵҪؿȥ
鷢ֳǽ˵״Ѹ£ʲôˣ
ĨӰʱȼϣ
ɽڣһнİ취޲ߵ£ɽһܰ쵽
æ﷢¸㱨һ
ü΢šжˣ
һһжܽⶾļҩĶСɽûеġ
ּȱ޷ʱҵʣһʱ뵽ϵͳ
ϵͳҪƷⶾҪҩģ
ֱ˿̳ļ۸ҩĵǲ󣬶ƷĽⶾ۸ҩĵϰٱȻʱ䶼ʡԼһʵֵսŸտʼԺٲҪõֵʱⶾͼػȥԺӻô
صϵͳ壬磺ܽҩģܳɹѽⶾƳ𣿡
ƷʵĽⶾҪüƷ¯õػҹܳɵüõ˵쳤һֻƷ¯Ҳеػ𣬵ǵƳֻЩҲѾ
鿴˿Щߵɫ˵ҹˣֻ߸ʱŲס
Ҫܰҩ˲ɵҩͺˡ
ôţȻһԺл
ھȥҩҩȡ
鶪仰󣬵سɴصСҷϵɽۡԺ˯Ļһ
ѡ˫ְסҸ£ζ
Ӳҡѣ𲻴ڵСüëǰצˮΰμأͰҡˣ
ħˣ㻹˼˯鶼֪ô˵ˣ鶼֪æææģãղǳԾ˯һûдýΣС
еؽƱ磺ﲻôȥۣһʲô취
ȥɻȥ
ȥ
ȥҲȥ
鲻ɷ˵ذڻٶȶسɴ磬ص˳ǽԱۼĵط
ʱ鵤ʿյϢҲѸҪҩģҲϵͳһʣµζҩģͳͳóڻõǰ
ʱͣҲ֪Լʲôˡ
ûĿҲɡ˫צأͷһ
ĥֻǡ
㲻ԸҲУЩʿΪػСɽ˵ģСɽӻÿһ񣬵ͬҲҪĻرֻԸСɽĺãȴԸ⸶κΣô뿪
õԲ۾ո˵ʲô
ȻҪߣ
õĶ䶼㡢˵ʲô
һˡ
Ը˾뿪СɽӲ
֪Լ⻰˵ˣҲֻ̫֣һ㶼ûҪͬػü԰ľȻ˼˼άͯСӲ̣ԺҲ᳤ġ
ʶģ˺üϢ漴ڵϺһߵһǴĵŮˣ˵ҪþͲҪˣһ˯Ǽ꣬Ǿ͹ԹԵ㼸ֻ꣬ЩޣҪߡ
ͷⶼʲôʲô
һ޶ԣһţֱ˻ҲߣСɽҵļңҲߣԴѱᶼ䵽ϣһ˫յԲ۾޵ίģҸˣһȥء
εԴ߾͸Ͻǽⶾڵʱˡ
˵ʿȷʵ࣬²ŸոտԺƻиߣڻõ׸ɵҲֲһ䣺ÿʮ˽ⶾһ
СɽŲֲĲҲ㣬ûⶾҲֱӴϵͳ̳ˡ
⻰ᣬҭŴ黳ŵϰڷŵĸҩȻ
ͻõĶԻ֪λ޴Ҫǣֲ֪ôȣʱֱӰҩĸˣ±ơ
ֻóԵöƤԲţȻһĶƨɣ·ʲôϢ֮βһֻ̧ۡļʺڵء
ʺתɵվŵʿǣΪǶǿˣצǼʺЩ˵ţȥ޳˰ɣҪƨˡ
λʿ֣Ƕ޴˻ҲҲӹǼʺصʿȥһš
Ȼʺιȥ֮漣ˡ
ʺλʿ˿ͲðѪˣҰ׵ҲѪɫֹһյʱ䣬Ȼ˹
̴λʿùһźʺڱǵš
ʺȻ״ȥǿƽƽʺȥҲһ˿ζζ֮£Ȼйɱ˵ҩ㣬罫˫ۣʺȻ⻪תγֻмƷҩеĵơ
ǼƷ¯ϵȽⶾ
־ϲ޴ˣ˲ɵļҲ̫ſ˰ɣ
Ժ¯ôˣĽóݣӵУ
ڳλʿĿؿɵˡ
תѵλߴʱһΧԼеͿôˣ
жˣ޴˾㡣
л޴ˡۺᣬмѡ
ðڰצӣôһʺ!
һʺ
ҰҰ죬ѹҩζֵֹģܼһСʺʲô
òͣسҩģԴԴʵĺʺιжʿǡ
ԽԽʿмܵǰͷл
ɽ޵ķɽٶĴԣһشǰߣ˶ʿһʱͱ͵˻ߡ
ҶҲרɳȥһ֧СӣרŸǰȥɱЫЩЫ࣬ҶǷɢħʱʱطÿضܳɹмʿ˲ٵ鷳ǳ˹ʭ⣬ڶ˳λҪħ档
Сӳǰÿ˶õŻõʺԱʱ֮衣
ɱЫҪħɳȥĶʵסзḻսʿѩԭȵʱᰡЦĬãΪ˱ȥɱЫСӳԱ
ʱ᰿ŷַɢζĺڵĬؽ
Ⱳǲϵġ
ڹЫַСӳãȻӳǽѡļ죬ԵضɽҡУ·ǳǽʲô޴Ķײһ£ɳʯӳǽשض䡣
߿գǽȥ
֪ʲôʱ򣬴ħһֻԼʮߵľ޴ʭڷײųǽͨʭĽٱĵͨʭ߾ҿjճ׳棬ǰչֻ±ȳŻҪˡ
棡
ÿȺᵮһͷ֯ѨֻһȺ쵼ߡ治ͨ޵İٱսǡ
ϷľӢ֣СBOSSȼĹ
ֻʭÿײһ£ǽϱһ޴ԲͰݡôײȥ£ǽͻ̮ʱħǷӵ룬Կˡ
ҶҲ˹ʭĴڣ˼ԲߡѾֻн޺ϲܶԹʭ˺ʵǿһĽȥͷҪɾ͵ɸ֡
ļ״ʵΪɫǼޣޡ
޹ڵļλ쳤ǵޣǮǷޣǽޣǰЩӱڱչͻƣڻûгء
Ȼͨչ黹ó󷨣ʱ´Ϊǽӹ̣뿪ǽ֮ˡ
һʱȻҲ֮Ľޡ
Ҷָ彣׼ԳʱַˣֻǹʭȻӳǽ˻ȥͬʱһ޴Ӱսˡ
йʭԶԶȥһƶСɽųıӣ֮ţһһҺ塣
Ǿ棡
սϾȻͬʱֻ棡
鲻ɵüֻʭԷɿĹٳȥԻٶȳǽ
ܿ˻ƣֻҪʲôѵҪ໥ڶ
ͬʱܺ棬ǳΪʲô᳤һôıӣ˶ĵҺƺûʲôôˡ
ܿ죬Ǿ֪˴𰸡
ֻʭʱ𳤱ǣ˻һֻ浽ǽıؾ֮·ϣеħ涼Ծÿһ·纣ˮ˴мһ롣
΢ǳıӲס˹ʭ棬ڳǣһϵı֣ȻɸĹʭݺݵǽķͶȥ
ˣˣ
ʭΪ޴Ĺڵϵ£ضΪ漴ֱֱǽϷ
䡪
һĺ죬еĳǽϷ˲̮˰ߡ


110 
ǽϵשҶ, мʿûվЩӳǽϵ£ڷӦ죬֮ǰ˷ɽ, һˤ
𾪼ˣôģ
CP, еģҲ̫˰ɣ
ڱеĳǽϰ벿֣ħĸ߶Ȼͻ, æټ, ʼʱ޲ǽ
ǽˣʭǻںڷ, ˿δ
һ, ʭѸصȥƺڶ
Բֻ
Ҷɽ, Ҫ³ս, ȴһӰسʭȥ
ʵ൱ԪӤʿ, µʿ֮ƺƴԪӤʿҲʤ㡣ǺԭڳǽնɱʭĽǷ׷׺󳷣ΨһǵжϵĺɫӰԵøĿ
ҶһӾ˳, ǸƺѩԭЦõڵӣ½ϧ
ؾһɱ޹ɳ, Ȼףѹݸҹӭϵ
Ҷͣ, ó, ʱ, ȥ½ϧ, Ҫɱ棡
ʱЩŸѧ, Ȼɣɹɱļʻ߲١
ʱᰴʱڸЦħδܣѰ䵥ĹЫɱʱ᰸Ѿ൱Ĭ
ЦȷһֻھǳĹЫԥس֣߰ӵصЫס֧֫
гж̣ЫĶʮýʿŲһӦģķʵĿ
ЩЫܼҲ֪ԼһЩʿǿⱻӣԴ͵潻棬һʶΣվͻѸٵ롣
ǱħĸͷҪСֵܶ࣬ͣһ٣̴ħòӰ
ֻЫ֪֫ѲãһԺڶƵ۾ŭĺ⣬߸ߵβͣͬʱʱۼֿزˮƷ˵Ľ³һɫԲȦһЫβ˼ȥ·ײ͸ˮǽϣڿͣһ㶣۵صڵϡ
ЫĹʽɱ˷࣬β޵ģմβҪһٶȷ𹥻
Ҫ
Ĭһ˳ȥ׼˹ЫͷЫͷʱյýڣжûü£Ƥط˹Ĳ
Ыħ泯ΧǲսɽȥɫһĿꡣ
ʱСӿĬϣйЫɱСЧߣɱģ֮Ыŷɥ
ʱ᰽ӵҶĴʱǰһֻЫ£üõȥ֧Ԯš
ȥｻǾСЦ˵
Ȼûʱᰵķǵ˵ļʻߺܶ࣬޵Щ꣬ҲܲٷԵķʱҲӦù
ţСЩʱᰵͷȥʭķ֧Ԯ
ĿʱԶȥЦڷɽϣһħѰҹЫټһ߶ԸĬ˵ɱôЫܶһٵŹֵҪҲߣֻιսҵķɽˡ
Ϊ˼ʿǶɱħ棬ÿɱһֻħ棬ӦŹֵŵӰʯ¼սԻȡʯϡƷ
ЫļֵĿǰħߵģһֻܻٵ㹱׶ȣɱ϶ʮֻܻһƷϼѵķɽˡ
Цǰһ뻹ЦӯӯԼ׬˶ٹֵһȴͫ׽ָǰĳһе
㿴ֻЫôô󰡣
Ĭ˳ָķ򿴹ȥһֻ峤ʮɵĹЫħСǴӵżٳǵλÿǾӨĴɫ·ǹͷɵһ㣬Žĺ⣬ǷͱͨĹЫҪǿܶࡣ
βǴ׳ÿ£·һ˶乳ȫֻβ˵βǴڵģԤʾ;綾ħâ֡
Ы档
ʱҲ˹ЫĴڣһʱֻ棬ȻΣԶûҪֵʱ
Ҷû֣ôֵ³
ЫʱǽԶעرֻˡ
ǵһѹ½ֱսӰɵ΢΢ü
½ϧֻн𵤴Բľ磬ǰӲű޲ý𵤣ֻʵǿԪӤôһȥԸֻ棿
½ϧԼҲڲǳʸӢʱѩԭ޹ɳ潻֣֪ȻǿδزΪ֮һս
ĺܼ򵥣²ܽնɱҲҪʱ䣬ùʭײһγǽһǽ̮Ʊػд޹ķ˰ˡ
ֵñҪܣڹʭֵʱѽͲϵط
½ϧظ֪ޣ޲ý֮ķŭ֮Ѫ
ԱŽ޷˵ˡ
ǹʭٶȱ죬ľҲ̣ۿֻ滹ʣٳ߱Ҫ½ϧ˫ֽճǰһһݺصǿᴩս֮ħ˲ԱһΪҲһһ϶֮䡣
ǵ϶Ŀȸպñȹʭֱһ㣬ʭһŵĵ飬Բպñ϶ס
ʭ֣ôŹž͹ˣ
̽۾ܣ̵֣ĺö˶˵ô˸Ӱ
ʭ潫չ֫䶯ҪѿӣȻһȷŸǿƵĽϮкɨʭ¶ĻҰɫƤ
ڡ
ն̳ɢȥŻŵĹʭѾһں飬ѷβճĳѪӳʬĶӿ˳˰ӡ
ˣ
ǽϵ˶ڹע½ϧǷսֻһͽƻǽױ׷ױϲĻ
ʭˣǽסˣ
Ҷȵõɴ۾ΪҪնɱ棬ٲҪһභΪΪֻнԲ
Ȼֻһɱ˱һ棡̫˼ˣжߵĽֲ
ɹȥ֧Ԯʱᰣûиϵ
½ϧ佣ϲĳѪԼЩ죬ʭ桭ôо޹ɳôࣿ
һϵ·佱
ɵò
½ϧЦ£ʵϸϻѩԭȺ潻֣ų˽ϣżϹƷ齣һҧ飬ȻҲڱֻ̽Уôصˡ
൱ڽ޵ĵڶǰûкýʵƣҵԼı֮Ȼܷӳһһڶʵ
½ϧ㣬ȻоһϮֱĺ󱳡
ʣµֻۼɱͬ飬ǹռǽļƻգŭظ߾ǣþȫǵӰȥ
ʱʱڸϵˣæỤ̄½ϧ¶һˮ
֮ǰ궸Ȼת䣬һƿա
ۡ
ĳ۱һնϣīɫĳѪɽټҡҡ׹ػ˻ΣϢ֮󣬾ȻֱֱˤڵϣҲʧȥ
ǱӣҲǱӣθҪٶڱϣߴߴԭ࣬ûˣȻҲûˡ
½ϧʱᰣлл
лǷ֧Ԯ㣬û뵽
û뵽ʲôæûϣνĸֻˮһǶĵĳѪллʵ֮
ļŵ콾Ȼɱֻ棡
ȻٳӢܰû뵽꣬ҪС
Сһ㣬еʵγŲˣֺγħ𣡡
ŵڶֻ浹£ǽϵ˶Ϊ֮ˣǰҲڵ½ϧܴܲù飬Ҳ⾪ˡ
ɱֻ棬ڿ˰ɣ
Щ˼ʿѾ׷ڴ½ϧţûûɵɢޣܽ£Ǽ©ˣ
ǲ½ʦڵӣϻѩԭȾǡ˵λʿЦ˹ͬѩԭޣʱڳǽ߸ӹ̷󷨣۷׷׵λ콾꣬ѩԭȲս½ʦ֣ϲ֮࣬Ҳɡ
Ȼڵĵӣϧˡ
ϲһλ콾״ӣŴҰ
ں˰
ŽϵĹֻ΢ЦӦԣôǵԼ£һž޵Ľޣ
һѯ˼ϣһλվ˵ҷĵӣ½ϧ
״ͽܣʡ
ҲΣ˵ǣֻǸͨŵӡ

ŵʿΪ½ϧϵ״ӣٲҲǳϵĵӣԼû뵽½ϧϵӶǣȻֻǸͨŵӡ
ΪֵƳһۣʵʿΪβϣ۹һҲп۵ʱ򣿡
εذһͨƽƽսźΪƾٶҲһ㣬һŵйоأʡ
ڳǽҲˣ½ϧֵǰѽޱȣңžһϾǵʲôԵõһѺýȻʵ
ϸϵ˵ǣýҲˣһƽƽ˿һѺýҲӲ
Լۣϡ
ˣˣûٵƣ档
¿ǧ˵ȥȻˮں޹ڵҪǽǡӦ
ǽΣڳǽͷ߰ٳ߿ĵطµΣ
Ыһ֣һ˫ɺסĬЦˣɱЫɱֵ࣬һ
ߣ
ĬڿЫĵһʱסõ֣ٵ󳷡
ЫǸһ󾳽磬ҹЫĶͨЫİٱһմȾԪӤʿ̼ͻⶾ趼ԣ̫ΣˣǸʤ㡣
ಡ
Ыβͬһ㣬ߣ׼سͶ̶ȥĬŷɽҵӣβȻЦͺһһŤͷȥ
Цֱ۴ĵ۱βƣĬʧɫЦϽû£ֻǻ·ûˡ
Ĭ߳亹һۺ󷽵ĹЫ棬βڸ߾٣ħϢµβǻ̷Χڡ
ΪɱܶĹЫѾħԶˣΧ֧ԮСӣҲٳ߿⡣
ûܰǣֻܿԼڶֹЫɨ䣬֮ܳ⣬
Ĭ˵ٶЦǽ
ЦԼǵù͸ǰ޹ɳ׷ӴܣһģһΡ
Ϊʲô涼ᰡֻǸƽ𵤵С˼Цᡣ
˽ٳߣۿҪܳЫˣȴٳûβϮˣĬֵһۣһۣûվȴӷɽϵ
ǹЫµβ󣬲ûеһʱǼħֱβֻĬȥʱβ䷢β켣ΣֱϷ󷽡ҷϮΪ׷ٶȣѾ͸߶ȵڷˣ½Ǳᱻµħ
޿ɱܡ
һ˲ĬֻһͷҺùЫѡ񹥻ûܻĬЦǰһƣѡµħ泱һͷȥ
֮ǰҲҪħ汳
磡
Ц
ƶ˵鿴һĻû뵽ƽʱĬĬȻΪһ˺ԥҿظ
ָҪسɴ磬ȥĬȳȻսٶȳ䡣
Сɽķһֻ޴ɫӰɽƼЮźХķ磬һŭǿƵؽս֡
һʽββ£βع⻬ۣĦײ죬һĵ𻨣β䣬泱֮У˳ֻǳ棬ɫƬֺδˣչŽĹ
л˵
飺ȫҳֵĻᰡ
ߣͽСǧգһʱ


111 
ǵɫľ޴̧ͷ­, ɫͫͭͷԵﶯ, ӥƵǰצסĬĺ, ӳ泱ӯܣǿѹĵͷš
Ыѹ·, Ĳֹסɪɪ, ǹŰħԣԸ߾Ƶβ, ͼ翹
ҵү, Դʲôʱһֻ
ֻֻצ
Ҳ, ⱲܿһҲֵˣ
ʿܱϳͻȻðֻɾ, пɽµ, Ͼкܶ˿ǴСɽķ
֪ķ˻Ϊʲôڳǽ£ʼ
ɹƾˣ
˾Բ, 벽ޣΪЫ棬Ǿ͸һ
Ыɺ˫, ֪յʲôָʾǴƴһ, ֻԲʮĹЫȻʧȥĳ, ԭһ, ҲѸٸɱȥ, һźɫħ˹, ȫЫĳβһһա
Ы˦βħպβȻֻ˾ͬ׳ӭ趯
ͬʱҲ˹ſ죬һīɫӿӿЫ档Ыǣ񲻶ɢȦƵһȦȦӵЫ渽ħ泱
ӴǶħڲһϢʱĭ׷׷˶Ƥɱ룬֮˳Ƭħ档
Ƽܣ
ҲǶϵޣҪ۶ԣЫͱչǰİӦѷֲ٣ɹƾȻҲɱ
ЫĶ԰Ѿ첻ʲôвĶԹЫȴġ
ЫͨħϢʱ䣬ֻͫĺԽԽǾſβδüӴȻǰɫĶƤ췭ţ֪Ƕ˻ǳ׶ˡ
Ы汻Σԭͻû޵ӣһϮ´ӿڲ֪ĹЫԣǰķɽһն˹Ыͷ­
ȫս˲Ťת
ѲĹЫΪ׼˹Ыħȫ˿տǣʭΪǰͽǵɱҲѾòˡ
ʣµĴǾǳ޹ɳ棬Ϊ塣
ĬûӦ㱻Цǰرס
ظ磬û£ˡ
Цͷֺ£޵òѡ
ڵ泱ǼϢʱ䣬ĬͬһٵػعԼǰ
ССʧȥ԰ȫ˶ľ°߳ūǱȣ˵ʱǸСԴ壬ΪͨĴ񣬸Ŵ峤ѧãҲȹһ൱ֵͯʱ⡣
ٺԴ岻׳ؽΪϡУұѡгΪһʿ
ʮ֮䣬ѧ˽𵤾磬ʮѾෲһܵĸ߶ȣѾ֪ˡ޼ңֻҪûţ϶չ˺õԸҲݡ
׹䵽泱ֻ֮࣬ǳ˳ǣ׼ӭݴʳͷӿһɾ⣬뱻ħҧʱ򣬻᲻ʹ
ֱ༰ʱվڷɽʱĬΪΡ
磬㣬ԺˣãͬͬҲҪͬͬȻһҲһӵġ
Ц˵Ĭ˫̥Сûзֿ죬Զͨø׺񡣷ĬƿԼ׹ħ泱һɲǣЩ
ãҴӦ㣬ˡĬӸЦ˲ᣬı
ǻźá
һߣѾŹЫԴٶȷУֱߣױһ˫ַϣ㡣
鿴ŹЫԴĿ飬оֶĵģʵ²ȥȥӣֲôĻԣһѹЫԴս˴
ϵͳ˹Ыͷ­*1ϵħ*1
ϵͳϵħħ󣬿תΪ鵤
ŶϵħħģŹЫԴҲһħ԰ʵ͸ħ
ħ鵤󣬶޽ƺãǷŻһľϵ鵤ء
ллüۣǳǳЦţϲ㰡࣬ΪֽһѾɻˣոմܵر˧
ȸԾˣֵõĿ佱졣
һŬɵģ񲻽սеȭͷǰŮһ
ʵôƾҲСɽĺãļӳ£չʱԴԴϵɣð룬ȪҲûжϹȻ»Ҫϰܳء
ΣԴǵĳǽٶȷˡ
۾ûɣȻ賤ϣ
ѹǴ̨򲻹ԭ
ˡ¶𣿡
Ϊ˸õǵһֱԼ޵ݣԴΣڵϦҪ֡ݱ¶ʱҲûбҪٿˡ
ȻȣҲԽܣڶʲôʱˣӲڵġ
ɽµޣ˾Բ˭Ӱǲˡ
ƽʱסڵԺ䣬ƽʱʿˡǰ;еֹ֣ϲ˽ʶҲ֪ʵݾȻޡ
Ϊһֻޣ޹ڵôõĳϣ˷֣Ѿˡ
٣Ѿǰ˾ˡ
ʧȥħȥԶ̹ľǳ޹ɳڷ޺ǰͬ׵ĸ
޾ķħ泱ħȥħҲΪħļٶɢ࣬ħڵϦҲ¶ԭɫѤõĺϼʡ
ʱʣħȻ첻ʲôвǷ·ͬʱյĳָ˹ǣسƽԭȥ
ħήҲͷԵػء
һ·ѩǹңԴǵһǳԱĳǳء泱˵ٶҲ죬ͬ˳ĺˮ̼㲻֪˵ȥ
Ҷûʤ׷֪ЩħֻǴͷС׷ħӪǲȥ޻ء
ŵǵȥðա
ɹسǺҶĵһ£ŵӵ
Сӹһǧˣж߽Է޴˵Ľⶾ裬״ȶ
Сӹˣ
Сӹʮˣ

ҶֱţһسսһǧʿˣһҲޣ
ⶼܽдȫʤˣȫȫѹ֣
һսҶһִǵݡ̸֮ɫħƺҲûô£
Ҳ֪ⳡسսʿϲѶοȡսĹǻˡ
壬ʱⶾ裬һǧжĽ޶ȻҪˡ
ôţصǽϵԱۼ̽»áȻʱ󹦳ѾʴΣ̱ڲϯϣ˫ա
޴ˣҪҪȿڲ裿Ա߻еڶ˲赹ˮź
ɽ
ʿļһµشӲϯߣɸҵҲ̫û˰ɣ˵ҪˣҲûҪô˰Ҹоһ춼ҪⱲӵʺˣöˣ
ģӦһҲģЦԺĻǵҪɡ
⼼ʵ̫ˣǶʹħٲҪõ
˭µˮƽôֻܿүҿ۵ˡ
˫ֲǰӦ
Ϊŵæһ죬ߵǱǴӵŵģЩ޸мظ͵յ˼㡣
мĸоҲ
ɽǽµЩʬӦôһλŵܵǰ
ǽ⻹ŶѻɽĳʬŴЩɶսƷ


112 
泱ȥĳǽѾ۵, ضī̶ĵĳѪͬĻˮѾ޴½, ȳζƮǵ, Ż
鴫ȥϴǽϵĳѪ, ⰴռʬЩʬôħ֮, ûô׸ôĳʬյ̫˷, 뻹Щô
Ҷڵõ鴫, ˷ֱ̧˼߲ͬĳʬ鵤ĳ, ûȥúо
ԴħսܶӺ, , ǽⶼİһֻħҲû֪㵽ȥˣ֪ħһϮʲôʱ򣬿ܻڰº, Ҳܾ졣
ʿǲҷɾ裬ÿնڳǽѲ, ʲô״һʱͨȫǡ
سսķͺܿ, ʿǿŹ׶, һ˲ٺö޹ڵ, ͬˮںɢǿ, ֻҪɱ㹻ħ, ٲˡ
ҵ찡ȻƷȪеû޹жƴ֣
ɱʮֻǳĹֵܻһˣǰûжɱħ档
һѹ׶ȶ˰ɣһԺûỨأ
һūe󸽽ʿŶڶһֵ
˵˴ιֵĲ֪λѣ
ǻʣ϶ڵλ콾ˡ
һֵֻǧֵֻԶһūeõɽˡ
½ϧһսٲȻ˽ʿǿнֵĻ
ʵɱħԿģֻܽսıǷ޺ޣһȺķȥͬʱֻħ棬ȻֻǸħȥҲֵһֵĹֵ
ٳɶ࣬½ϧҲмʿĹֵԼеıñȸһˣūeĹ´
֪λ½ϧʦ֣һʲô
·˷˲˵һŽʸ񡭡
˲ͬʱһ
ŽСɽΨһؾֻ޹ڵӿţŵĵӸûʸ롣
ǶԣŽ˶ܽһεŸ½ϧȴԥȫĹֵˡ
ֻ½ϧѪҲǹŽȥ֮ȫǰģ˲ʱˡ
ؾĽʵ̫£ֱӰŶûˡؾ֮ԼѧϣǱ޽תгһޡ
½ϧȴôΪٶĹֵ϶ģתʵӲ
ڵľ̫ˣȻٶͬѾ죬Ǵսǰڵľȷе㲻ˡ
þʵУؾǶʱʵ;Ǿǽպʺ
Ʒ嶥ɽʯ֮䣬һӵĹžڻɽ֮ϣʿרſžڡ
½ϧϷ嶥ؽʿס½ϧѶһóصʿһ˰˵Žÿֻһ˽յˣҪŵ¸ȥˡ
Ž޹ڴ֮Ѿ޹ھ󲿷ֵĽȻȻŵʱܽġ
½ϧ˼Ƭ̣ʣܲ𣿡
ظֻܾӻͳһϡ
Բۣħ
ħǼֵƣһž͵ʯмС
⡭£ѹ֪ħļֵ
ؽסջ󣬶һѽħԿԣھ͸㰲ţ
ọ́ۼؾֻ˸һ׹⣬ڵڻߴ򿪣¶׵ľ
½ϧûԥǰԾ¡
ʪգǳǳĻˮףһˮ
½ϧ̧ȥԾµĹУǰ֪ʲôʱѾû˾ڣһĶѨ
һµ΢ͷһƽƽʯȱĿڶѨ롣
ͷ΢Ĺк½ϧڳۣͷòܾĪйʶϤС
ǰ̤һ·֪ľżҡҡλεվͬʱȡʯ
½ϧʶĽʣֵĴȴǴֲڱġ½ϧͷһȻʧȡ֮ģǸһģһʯ
Ŵ߶ȫ޸ӦؾĽưˡ
½ϧ±ȼ𰵹⣬Υ˷ˡ
ƴ
Ǽ򵥴ֱ淨ϲ
½ϧὣǰӰû밵ĶѨ̱ӵⲢʯѨ𵴻졣

һʱСҷ嶥ɽԺ
ƵĵлӾӾٵȸӾˣӦһҲû٣һǧٿţŲֿﴢһ롣
ööⱲӶûôҵĹǱôүģ
һ߿ЦһצһڶƤϣҲһͣźᡭֶѣһµҧһڣţ𣡡
ҪԾͺúóѽ˷ѡɽͼ۲飬һۡ
§֣ҾҪҧһ飬ٴԣһ͵ҵô죬ֲỵ
˭ܵԺ͵
۾ɽͼŵʶһֱɽ壬쵽ʿϢڿ̧ͷԺŵķһۣԺʱʿɤ
ɽƷ嶥ϵĹŽȻ춯ȥ
Ž춯
ָһŽĻɽͼУҶͼվھԣɫء
黰˵ֱسɴ紫͵ҶԱߡ
Žʲô𣿡
δҶشͷν춯ƺǴӾ״һͳýϵɳ䡣
ǽ
н뾮׵ʿΪԼڱԽУʵ˻þ֮УǵʶڸĽԿʵȵش˵ǲᷢκġ
ʿھ£
ǣλسսɱֻʿҶ

ѹ֣ĽɲǷƷѾһǣʱէþʾ
Ҷ͸λ϶žڶޱȽţʮ䣬ڹŽ֪˶ٽޡǽ뾮ʿ㲻ܲ͸еĽ⣬֮󽣵ٵľ
¶ھƽﱦĺܣԱڵĵӿţ⽣ͷˣôȥһשǶ
ھ´˶ãʡ
ҶʿæŸսȥһʱ
˵ھ´ʱԽãԽŻԽ
Žʱļ¼ߣǵһ뾮ĸǣھ죬߳ɵĽ󲿷ֵʿֻּܼʱ
½ϧʣӦòôͳ
Ҷ䵣ľµ״ȴҲΪŽؾнƣھ˵£κʿ뾮ᱻƸ
ֻ鲻Ƶơ
žͷѾãܲס⽣ܷͷɽʿĽҶ
գӦòʲôɣֻ½ϧǰѽ̫ˡ
λ˵ǣ¾һۣȻ䣬һӾӿڳ˽Աӵ˲侫һ
ôŨƾˣ
СôƾˣѵѾеĽˣ
ôܣһʱʲô
ڳΧھ۷׷ףȻ֪ʲô
ڳӦسȥ
һ룬һıըӾ״ʯĽɳŻɽ󶼸Ż˻Ρ
̳֮ɢȥǰѾȫɷľڣ͸λϵɫʮ֮ѿ
ü鴤ǼһﵽʲôȻܰĽؾըˣ
л˵
飺ؾTAT
½ϧҷ⡭
ߣ²ۣ˼Ұ֪ħŮãȥӣõ궼ûţܼңŮ˵ԺԲǮ£ָָ㣩
½ϧˡ


113 
ڳزš
Žըˣ
⵽, ڲҰ
ڱըǰһ룬˶һýӰӾڿշ˳ʱ˿Žվըһѷľߡ
½, ⵽ô£
ںĺؾʸҸ, ɰˣ
ǣһøǸ˵
½ϧһȺɫͨĳ, ֹ, һ˿Ρ
ʱݵ֮ǰ
ں;׵Ľѷ֣Խ½ϧԽöԷʽ, ڽ, Ҳòȫİһ
Ľⶼһ·, ָоԼڸԼ֡
ֻԴһʱ, ½ϧ˵, ȴ·һ꣬εزҪʱ޿̶Ҫʮ־һ۵СͿܻܣͬ, ½ϧÿҲֻһܽǽܣΣз·衣
ҪսʤԼ, Ψһİ취ͻơ
һδ൱ĶսУ½ϧĽҲڲʵ, ڽڴԲѾõΪʼɶ
һٴαԷ, ½ϧ, ľˮ, ÿһĲ, ͷ·ڵ©
պڵһǧУþ½ϧΪʵڹ֮ʱһתԤ˴꼴λã׼̴ؿڣھ׵ƿԪӤ
ʯûؿڵһ˲䣬𽥱͸Ϊǳĩ̼ɢڶѨ֮С
ѨĳҲ֮˸ı䣬ǰһƬŤߵ½ϧȻۣԼһݾ֮У涼ǾڣĽۣʲôѨأ
ָͣϽʣ
ˣڻˣһȱԪƮǰԵʮּ
½ϧüʲôһֻǵĽ
뽣ʿ̫ˣǽҲһȥԼź˯ֱոգӦԼ֯ĻþƵˣŴоѹ
ϴˣҲˡ½ϧ˵
ǽΧȦȻһ˵ϢҲϴڵȵء
ǰòǰЩͬǹɴ캶صĽ⣬Բϴ
˵ĴУٸߵţҲҪղȫ򣬽һʱͨˣ˭أ
½ϧŻпļĽԪû˵ھµĽۡǵ⻯ⳳֵСȷʵһʶϤУ·ܾúܾ֮ǰѾˡ
οɱ붪ң뿪ɣû˻þͽ۴еļӳ֣⾮ҪˡеĽԪô˵
½ϧŷ֣ϵĽһرǳʧͬҶ䣬ڱݡ
ҿǽѣ½ϧھ̮ǰһ̣ɳ˽
֮󣬱λϿľˡ
ͨ˽Ȼ̮ģ޹أһ˫Ŀ½ϧϣ·𶴴Ҫʲô
ʲôȫڹϵ츳ĸǸϣնûͨһʱͨ˽Ͽɣ
λ϶쾪°ֻͣ½ϧ޹ڳû뵽ԼҵؾһڵĵӸˡ
ֱˡ
ɽλϻ˵ʲô
սǰиҪҪɢ˰ɡ
λ̾˿ֻ÷׷ȥؽʿҲ뿪ˣûˣȻҲҪˡ
̧½ϧǽԪ˰ɣ
½ϧͷ
ǽǧ꣬һúö
鼱֮£ǽԪϣ϶һʽĸ񣬱ԪԻ
ǽˮˣڽźܲǱɹţԼʶһԪռԼҵΪҲ½ϧԼĲ
һġ½ϧ˵
ȻԪһҪΪȻҲᾡ˵Ρ
ǰüĿʵ꣬ǲεĺ档
ǵõһϹɽͨ˹Žõǽ˲ͬһˣһλò˹ʺͣνͣ
ֻڵһͨӣĪǡС˵дһɽܼ񵽾ķ֮ӣ
½ϧöе㷺죬򣺡⾮
ģ⣬ǳЦ£һת⾮ĽޣȻԺڽ޴ôǺã
ҡ
⵽ĶΪڻ̿־ȣŻֱ˵ҪԸ⵱޹ڵĿ䳤ϣھ»õĴи򣬽ڽ޵ӣٻһ£ұ㲻ƽˡ
Ȼ޹ڵĳ϶Ǵ˾δйԪӤĳϣƾһʱ˽ؾû˻᲻
ؾĴھΪҵ֮ˣղըԺըһ죬ʧȥһڽһĿ䳤ϣ⵹Ҳ
½ϧûеʦûн̹ӣԼڽȫ򣬲Ҫܺ½ϧûоܾá
ת뿪Ʒʱ½ϧȻס顣

ٿػӸµؾӦΪɽ
ûûС
ɽ½ϧܲϰôƺ˶٣̶ɫһسսɱָܷ࣬ͣ
һҳڽм츳㵱ΪСɽûô˵ɡ
˵겻ٵӦسɴԭʧˡ

պҶø峤ȥоĳʬ˳ɹ
ʿǷ֣ʭĳǾѵĶϣͽں϶Ľýι̣𻵡
鵤ʿҲӹЫʬϳɹ˹ЫĶأƳɾ綾ĵҩƳɶͿĨڽϣĹЫرԭýʿ̼
ħǳ޹ɳ棬ûϷֿõĲϡ
ʬõĲֲ࣬ʿȡõĲֺʣµĶѻڳ⡣
Щĳʬһ󵨵뷨Ҳ֪Щܲܳԣ
ǲȱһҳзˡ
ϣгѳʬ˻õиС飬¯ˡ
ʭ޳ļ׿Ǻ󣬾ͲʣˣЫǶû˸Գԡħûֵ޹ɳ;ǳˡ
ǳڿ֮ͦ㣬һҧȥʴֲѽ·ڿһ⣬ǳھͷˡ
޹ɳȻģŵ򾣬ڿ֮Ȼһζҷ䣬ƹоðͣʳָ󶯡
֣˵˵޹ɳĳζΣ
һȺ˶Χԣ۰Ͱ͵ضŵһƷ޹ɳˡ
ҧһڳ⣬׽£¶ǣû˵֪ǹӣȲشߴ٣ӲΪп˵ö֭ʵ̫óˣ
һʼе˻ԳħЩִȻҧµһʱζǻʱƲסشﻹǵ޹ɳԭֲĵӡ
ԭħ⾹Ȼ˵˼ζ!
ɽͼ￴һĻЩˮתĻƸУЩħѪʳ⣬ֻôҲ벻ԼҲбԵһ죿
ǻˣԿʳס
ڴԽǰҲԹӼײĳ࣬ըȷʵ㣬ҳǸߵףӪ
޹ɳĳⲻܳԣʮζ£Ѹڳﴫˡ
ȻԴǲȱʳǰ͵ʳﲻҪײҪħͬħϵħɢˣǷʳãҲûκΣա
ħֻʣ¾ǳûκôˣⶼѳԵʡȻЩǳʮ־޴һֻʬװһľƳҪ˺Ƶö
׼Ѿǳʬ嶼Ӷ񣬺ȻиЩӾǳĳڻҺ壬Ҳı飬ճһմϺϴԽ귴ĭԽࡣ
ǳһŵˮЩֵҺռؼȥо֮󣬻оˡ
ЩҺڹˣ֮󣬳ֳɫĸ״ȥɢһţֻҪˮܺ׵ȥƷϵۣȥЧԶʢԡ
ЩʯƳ򣬵ȼպǹζŨ
Լķֻ㱨ȥרŵĵޣоһĳɷ֣ζ岢û𺦣֮ߣŷġ
ЩǳʬﻹŲٵҺæ˰ѳʬʣռҺȥ
ʿȻô󣬵ǶԷ˵Ʒʿ൱Ϊ޹ǣ֪жٰ硢ҹ£ܹ˯þˡ
ɨսĶǷ˰գŪѪۣõķصҿϴÿ˶ɾҲóӰˡ
һ죬ɽҲյƷ
鿴ŹƷɫⲻǺ޹ȼζȷŵģµŴ㣬һ㶼벻ԭϾȻħı顣
ϵͳ⵽ز
˵ͽɡ
ϵͳɹ
þǳҺƳɵĳǿȥó׼ֵ1
þǳҺƳɵ򣬵ȼɰߣó׼ֵ2
ĪزȻֵߣǺʵõƷսܸ֮ԴǴһʲľ档
ߴϵͳƿ̾СЩǻۣҳԳ⣬ħıҲŹǰ⼸ֻħȫ¶͸ˡ
ȺħԴҲǵùȫʬû£ûǵûǣûû⣬鶼Ҫѹߡ
һسսúܿ죬˹ʭײǽһ⣬Դǵķ˰ûúƽʱЩͬ
˷ݳǱħΧ֮ʱݴţնǱġԴǳ˴ʳ֯ﷻķжڳڣԸ㡣
ǣΪħǶͣķǣ½½
¥Ҳ¿ţ˼ԳΪϵ²ˣֻرգлƽ⣬׽
ǰ˵ʱһ±ƣ˻󣺡ʵը⣬ͺճ⣬Գһ£ζĺܲ
һǳԵİɡ
ŲҵĳգˣֻܳԱǡֱתѲ˵ߡ
һյ֮һݡƽ⡱ⱻƬһ飬˵Һ͹ըŵ⣬һ㿴ǳ⡣
鱾ԳԳʮֿܣǾסǹζջӼһƬ̽Եسһڣû뵽ڵζһ±ˣƤִۣ֭࣬ڸQеϺ⡣
޹ɳ桭е㶫
ԷĹΧƮĶ䡣
û뵽Ⱳӻܳħ⡭
˵ء
ļٵģҵöԵ㡣
㶼Ű
ɽȼ֮罨ߺĳǽȻʱԵľˡ
Ǿǣһҵȥɽ㡣
õΧ˵Ĳʺƨֵʱ޿̲ǣȻǵò࣬Ϊϻصسսûгֻ֣ˢˢסǽʿǵĹ͡
ϵͳ⵽㸽ɽڣ֪ǵѡ
ϵͳȻðôһ䣬в˵ĿӺȻһ٣ʲôɽ
ûвĲϵͳܸ֪巽λ
ϵͳ֪ȷ¥
üͷΪкԭͶѩɽеİڣͬӡ󶼲ѡ
ɽؽأǳʲôĿģ
ԭ϶ǰļթ֮ͽʿǶȥس֮ʣڳﶯʲôֽţ̬ˡ
ųԲڻɫش¥ڵˡ
¥ԷģǷˣʿҲ٣޹ڵʿӶ࣬ںˮҲһˡ
ʱϴ޹ڵĵۣĿɨ޹ǼʿʱԷƵس˵ͷһŵģҲ졣
ںˮڵʿķųԼʶǶڵΪҲûʲô⡣
ʣµĿϢӣһû޹ɵķˡ
׼ȥ¥İѰʱߺȻھ¥һһƾɵ۵İ׺ͷڶһ˺ƾƣһһȵͨ졣
ϵϢ֣ε͵·ߵһʯͷһòݣʶؾԡ
ٴγųʶʶһ֮ʱ·һεϣȻ˻ȫȻ̽Ϊ


114 
ͷȾƺȵ, ȫûע⵽Ĵ
ȵ죬ȿһ, ֳ֣һ
Ҫ𣿡
, ƹľԼζ治
ǵȻƿԴǵز, ĵطȲЦ˵
ħ, СɽļزԶ, ÿ궼ܸԴǴٵ档һҲƾԼ, ȵéݣס˳ĴլԺ
ǲעؿڸ֮ʿ, ÿڳʹǰ, ϰߴһƴ, ûºһ
ȷʵ鴫߿޵
һǣߵл̧ͷһ;ƵĲ͵Сһ۵Ůޡ
, ЩԺ˵޹ڵĵ, ûµʱҵæ
;ƣȻߵĶ£ǰ, ҿĴ, Ҳ޵֮ˣ
ǰɡߵĻشģɡ
ʣ۵ʽ, ƺδ, ֪ǳļţ
, һɢˣһǰ罭
ô˵鼸ѾȷɽˣҪôʿҪôǣǡʲôش
ڰǰͱħȫ̹ݣһǰŶɽ⼸ôħֵ´ģ
һı֮һЩ᲻ĶŻݼºų롣
仰ĹѾת˼䣬Ĳ²ǣ߻ѩһѾͶħ͵͵ǱУҪǲ
߷¾Ʊָ̧˱ƣЦ⣺ҽΪɣЩ˵
һ㶣ϼӳűεɷɷֻԱ͵ʿãֻҪʶ̽⣬ᷢϢڲͬҲ˵ˣߵΪ֮ϡ
ʩ˸ϣɫ˵ǰұֱˣɽ֮ҲɽĹأⲻһкܵҵĵؽкĿģ
ȻҼУ֪бϵһ죬û뵽ǣΪɣȻװͨʿΪϰԽƣȤ
ûĻͷ׷ʣ㻹ûشҵ⣬ԴǣкĿģ
ȻΪ˶ħ˵ΪɷʹòܽЩħĸ֪Σû뵽ǱˣʵͶ·ŶɽҸտʼѩȥ·;ʿڸ븽Ĵ˵ѩ䣬£ұֱԴǡ
渵̹Ȼα
ֱָ©ȻԼɽͷΪβֱӻ磬һ
ɽְһɽӻɽ񡣼ȻɽûˣԻصȥҲ˽ʲô
Ŀڣ˭˵ɽͷµɽҵС
У
۾ΪԼˡ
ЦŽͣҵĶɽɽУЯƽʱɲóΣĹؼʱ򣬻Ǻõġ
ӲǰǾ䡰ɷţưܲܽ̽ҡ˻ȥ
ϼҴڵ⵹ֱӰɽˣħ˶˵һ
ǰŸǣų˷ǵħ͹˹ûüɽݻ£²Ҫ֡ЩǸȻ
ûʱȥɽݻʱȾƣ¸̡
ȻûѧɷԴ˻൱棺ɽؽУɽķأҲС𣿡
ɽͷ˵ˣ鶼ûУҲܽɷ
ˣ
ü»Сɽûз˾סܻеİɣôһֻ鶼ûУ
̾˿£˺ɣֻóЩɷɽֻССʱֵȥ˽統ֵһ˲ټҲƻ¸˹µˣ˵Ǹҷһ˫ĸɽû뵽½һ˫ȷʵ˫ȴõķ˫
黹ƣ޷ڣɽͷ첻ǹδǵ˵Ƿޣ϶ڴ档
飿
Ķ˲֧ⲻȱ
ҡͷ̾Ϣ֪ˣûɽͷô˵ĹҲܱҹ¹һɽͷǿ
硢Ե飬ȷʵʺϾסͷչѩǰֻһֻãͷȻͬʱ̯飬黹ڣֻ»Ϊشܣǿɲô
鿴鲢һǴиԵãֻȱһˮ顣ˮˮףֻҪѰһˮ飬߾ܺƽڣǷ֮ԼԿƣᶯʹ׹ηˡ
˵ˮ飬ⲻа
˼һתùƺߵҲ̾˿͵˵ɲûйɵûʲô˼ħǵػǵ֮Ӧﻥǰ˵ǲǣ
Եø߱һһǰͨ죬֣ͬΪɣƽཻɣҵɺŽвԪֱɺűá
ҵӦñС٣ǰӦõģԽЦеؽŵ꼴ԵԴǣΪܿԴסĽǷˣЩ֣ɰᵽСҷСҷ羰ְǿھӡ
ҶסĵطûʲôǸϰסԼɽ֪ԴǸɻпĵطʱеɽͷԪɾе㲻˼˵
룬Ʒ屾Ϊ˰ùŽ񽣾ѷϣǿ԰Ʒλÿճá
еУ˶٣ҪյϢ
ϢҪʲôԪɾеûʡ
ԼҲҪúΪ飬ϾСɽԴǰسǣøʲôɣ൱Ϊṩһѱɡ
ҪȡϢ֮е£Ϊſӵķ飬Ԫݲʲô˵磬ֻʣۺɽˡ
ҲٹĨǣֱԵ֪ɷһķ˫飿͵Ϣˡ
˵ǽ裬ףһڣǻˡ
ֱӿҪᱻܾί˵ǽ衣
⣬黹²ԪʨӴ󿪿ڣϾⶫ޼֮
Ԫɾȴδһ˿Σ֪ǣ֮һأŹŹֵĽƣΪԽߣͱѹƵԽ͡ÿһ̤أᱻѹƳɽӽˣ粽У˵ӽ顣Ȼ˵ǽ裬ֱӰ㶼ɡ
ʵܹηףԴӽӹɽͷû̫ɽҲǳʪ̣ķʪʹ췸ˡ
ҲҪͷǼγԣһʧˡ
۾ˣ˵ģֻҪѷȡ͸ˣ
Ӳʳԡ
˷ܵͬʱûеģУҽȥ̽̽ܲ˽˵
Ƚȥ̽̽·ûҲ֤ʵһͷ˵û˵ѡ
ԪɾΧȻ˸ϣвͶĿ⣺ƹ˶ӣ뱩¶ݵĻǻȥա

½ϧ޹ڵĿ䳤Ϻһֱһ嶥޹ڵǴڽĵá
ͻ٣ҲΪʦĽⶼԼģÿ̶ʱĿΣҪǲÿ⣬Ѿ½ϧʣ޼
û뵽ͨŽ´ȥˮڵҲʱʱĵã⼸ԺǰĴͰݷ½ϧʤ
ò׵˿գ½ϧԴҪɢɢġڳת˰ȦҲ֪ҪȥĶŲȥ¥Ҹ徻᷿һƣԼһ
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̽˽ֻƫƫ˴¥ֹսһж֮ڡ
߲֪˵ʲôһӣȻԭʧˡ
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ȻͷĹ
ǲԪɾհͽУתһѷźɽĲ
ѸղŵĹŪȥˣ
üĿ壬ڲ׵εͷɱ⡣
ԪɾֻòӺֻó۷սǸսܸоеĳƷʲǰѼƷɽնħɣ򲻹
¿ˮСֵҽͣɽҸղŰ͵ɽȥˡ

ɽ˭أ
˵ʵ½ϧĳǰһ硣
Ԫɾҡͷ̾ҸҲͲ壬ˣҲȥһɡ
˵գһ䣬½ϧֻһɲɿܵȫһ˲ǰһڰתҲɽС
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˫Ÿһأֻθһ󷭽³
ùسɴĴͼΪͷӦôͬС죬û뵽˲ƣǰСκ
̿ʮȦʮĹɽ
ȻеΪʲôһֱԸΰ
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ĿԶȥֻǰɽɽ͹ɽ壬һ°ݵأԼһһϵĹâ֣ӦþǲԪɾ˵ڵˡ
Ҫ糯ɽȥȻҲһ˫ص죬Ťͷһ½ϧλζһ£ýסɫе㷢ףƺҲεòᡣ
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⣬½ϧȷһüͷûƭңıս
ʶԪɾ
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ýвɣҰ
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ˣˣ½עŻԶɽ
ǵǲԪ˵ɽĽƣΪԽ߻ᱻѹƵԽҡˣԼܻܿͲԪһѹƳɷˣ½ϧΪߣײؽÿԸˡ
͸󣬲Ҫ߶
á½ϧӦˬ졣
½ϧɽԶãʱ˿̣鿴Ž¿ǧɵأ¸̾صô󰡣ϵϰԴˡ
ﻹһЩʯʵĶϱڲԫһƺܾǰһ͵ĹӦҲһƴؾĵطѳ٣ɳ
˫һһڸ߿У·յĵڲͣתɢŰɫĹâͨ巺ɫ׹⽻һֻƢ꣬ʱᱬը
̤صĵһ͸ܵԪɾ˵ǹѹˣƮȻڷɵӯʧͬһɢɳ۲ӷ·ǧأÿһøѣֻͬ˰㻺ߡ
һµɳֻֽ֮мЩҫ΢ɰǵ㣬·ϵǳ
ϵͳһ²ϣɰ
ɰһֿɰʿΪԽߣᱻѹƵԽͣ
ЩɳӴȥоо־Ҫڽǿֱƿ˵ǺţƵĶϡ
ǲԪɾأֻӦȡ˫飬δö˼ҵĶһɳ
鲻֪еؾе飬ؾԭΪ˴˫Ҳ˵ؾ٣ɳڣԽƻڡ
ٿ½ϧĲȻҲԵóأúܶࡣ
㻹ܾ۵𣿡
½ϧһ£˵ܣǱѹƵֻ
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߲ףŸͬɳĮޣҧҧŷ·Ǧ˫ȼǰ
ǰ˰ɣĶͷѾ߳˱ͣ²ڲ˲һֻ޳쵽ǰ̧á
֣ǿ񣬼ǰС
ǰ˰ɣʵ߲ˣӴҳһŷڵϣЪϢ
½ϧǻãǲ֮ǰЩϯ£Ҳͣ˽ŲȻϲԣҲ֪϶Ҳѹò
鱾Լڴ˴Ъţָ½ϧԹȥȡ飬뻹ˣȡֲһʱôʿȳȥһ׵Ľʿȡˡ
黺˻ͷڳմһԪɾԷǳȥ
ιȥһؼž
ӿһ󲻺õԤУֺԪɾ
˻Ӧ
ЩεؿһԵ½ϧԪɾûȲǳؾͻǳȥˡ
ߡšһûжһ䣬ܵر¡
忡ֲʧӢȻʺ߳˺ݻ࣬ȫûͬ˵ëͳס
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类ѹƵ˺״̬𣬸ɵ·öҲеˣ¥һӲˣûüڡ
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ԭڱĿϢ̧꣬˹
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½ϧͷڴƬ̣ݹһСֽ
һ۾ϳϤİװȻԵǿӸ⣡
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ȻԵģƷζСӣ
һ¶ǾƣСɽϵһ֭һϣƿӵİװĵӣ˵ϲֹŮӸ࣬÷ɫƿû뵽Ҳᰮһ¶
Ӹ⣬һ¶̣׵һ䣺㲻𣿡
ЩʳǸģֻһֱûҵͳȥ½ϧԵĹĺƲеЦǰǻ˳Ⱦž׵ɼӣΨڳԶʱ򣬻¶ŮӵĽ
Եô㣬Ҳʳ
ûоܾһݻ½ϧָմŴӸʱԶԭڻŵתٶȴȻӿ죬·ǳߵҰ޺Ȼѣ
صıԵڵһȦķ籩ͬеʩˮƣΪԲģڲϵС
ɣ˶ܸܵǹɷ籩ŰǿǱѹƵΪһǷ籩֮У׶༪١
ҲԵģǸо˵飬ͬԴһ㣬ƴȡΧ׳ͼԷϳԼء
һ΢ƽ⣬֪ΪƽȻͱˡ
ºˣԭزȻᱻǹɷ籩׷ϣΨһİ취ڲԪɾǱǳȥǰܵԲҲǷ˫ķߡ
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鵱վת˫ķС
Ѿþȫ󲽣ǵЬ״µľɰ˫žͷ·˵ƵģļҪ忴ȴɢ
ٶȣֻ»ûߵһ룬ͱ籩Ȧ׷ˡ
Ҳʶ˴ʱվ޷ǻϵͳڡĥʵڲУͻֵٻһڴӡʱܱܷͷ
ǿڼ̵Ĵԭ޲ߣ籩ȻҲֵס
ڿռСɲˣ½ϧߣٶȸڷ籩ǰִ˫ķλӦò⡣
½ϧٲȻ֪ϵͳộ뵽˸򵥴ֱķӣϥ
ұ㡣
ٻӺ͸֮ԥٿһᣬ½ϧȻɷ˵ֻ첲ǰɽǵزžɰ˫ķӡ
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115 
ʱ˿, ԴлڴħϲΧУⲻ֪ھԴǰ˰ƽԭ⣬Щħ沢ûɢȥҹĻĺ, ¹, Щħݷּ䡢ʯУ·Ϣ, ַ·ʲôǿܵĶ
ѩ˳ħ϶, ·𲻶ϳ֦ѿÿʱÿ̶ǰ, ϶ԽԽ, ħҲԽԽ࣬ι״ħ
ӵֻϸ֫ڵħڵ, ġաܳĹ, յ˫, ·ܴ˶Ĥһ͵ĺӰ϶¶һټĻҰɫԴ
ûǼ
Ϊ̫Ӵħһ룬ͱ϶ס, ֻֽ˫϶ĵһ, ħ϶Ӳƣһ޴ħӰ϶˳
, ŭһ, аӴ, ƬҶ, ãȻػķ, 漴ٵһͷҲصسԴǵķ̤жȥֻһֻֻ㼣

֪пռ䡣
һߴݵĺ걳ͬŮһǳһŵ
Ǽ׵ķ籩ȦۿɼٶǱƽٶֻȱ籩Сٶȿһ㡣
ĲȽûΪ϶˸ˣԵóҲѾٶˡ
ͻķ籩Χ٣Ҳ𽥴һԵط½ϧļͷ޷ȹڶ⼲紵ңɰ𪽿۵ƤЩʹһѹ
ǲԼжûôǱˣһصɣܵϵͳǰʲô£ΪԴǳ׷չֻҪ´һָʿǰ̵ΪȥΪͻʹҪչ˵Сܾöûˡ
ϰߣӦЩİĲȫС
Ȼ˫뿪ƬɳأɰѹѾڡ
鲻룬ؾԭ˶жԹͳɰôɿǳ
ɳԵۣóһɴԼϵϣ½ϧֻñǵƮ㣬оҲԼϵһɴ˲ȡ
ƤģɳҲûʲôϵ
Ժ˸ᣬɤɳԽԽˣЩ
š
ߵ˫ƻҪһʱҪҪ˯һᡣ
򴽣ô˯ţ
ģҪ˰ʱԪû϶ǳġᶨ˵
һûɲԪǲǹӺԼʶ˵۹⣬ҲԼȽ̽̽Ԫ뺦ûҪôȦӱһ¡
ʱÿĿ֮ȫǻƳγεɳأʲôɫԣֲҺ½ϧ죬»ķѸľֻһ㣬͸оϮ
ԭֻǽ˫ͷƣһᣬʵڳŲסֻ첲Ȼ§ס½ϧĲӣɵ°͸ļͷֻСޡ
Ժ䣬ǰһ棬ںܾúܾǰҲһ걳ڷѩ֮мѵС
ϤĻһҪץסǻ羵ˮ°Ѹɢˡ
½ϧھɰǰеʱ򣬲Ԫɾ¥ݵؿ
ƽûбİãΨһϲþǰȾƣļһٶǰѾȿˣһһëΣη׵ɽͷԪˡ
ںȵƵĵһڣԪжᣬһЩлЩħǷҪռ˽أֻ»ɽ
ܷɽ񲻿أǱ֪Ҫطġ˶˼ļӶһ㶼ܵ߶׽ǼɱޣֻɹǶҪˡ
ħѹһССôֿס֮УܣҲûԼҵɽͷ֪ˣҲĴ
һʼԪе㵣ԼǮڲһˣʶ˴˵صɽŵ˫͸ҲƽǮ
ǺԪ˶Ƥһذ·Ҫ⼸ûϵľһԲꡣ
￴ôܺҲȣܺȳʮƵİٷְٶʿʿʱ͸˲һܺٶҲ֡
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Ԫɾ۾һ˻棿ҿɾͲˡ
ҲˣȻ棬ŤͷԵС˵ȥѵʣȫλǰ
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Ԫɾһ¶ǣ֪ǰľƱӰΪ棬ǿҲҪȥ
ںȾϣԪû¹˭
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СָָſιȥĲԪɾƹģͷô죿
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½ϧ˲ֱ糺Ⱦ͸һ󡭡
֪Ĵã˫ǰϣ½ϧԭЩŲЩٶȡ
˫ֱװȡƷоƵģڿƷ֮ڣܽС
ھĳʱ£ȥ˫ˡ
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½ϧҲԥǰսҴڻǣƵ״̬뿿ǣķơ
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ټֻСھɰŲڵա
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Ҳûˡ
ʵڶƣͦʬʵڵϢ
룬ǰѾɰڽ첻ôֲЧӰֻ΢΢ֻΪضɰɣѾγһƬ򳡡
˵ʵڵģȡ˫鲢ѣֻҪǵͽ׵ʿܽȡԪͷ¼ҹһصľɰֶоԵѹƣ˫ȡϼˡ
Ԫʿ׳أ˫ְżȻʿ·˵أݲն񻷾Ҳڴͣ
ʬڵգȻһ⡣
Сٱսеģٻ᲻Ҳͬʮ죬ܲŹȥһӡ
²̫ˣԼȷˣܣٲͬԪɾ϶
ǲԪͷӦʲôµˣû˷籩ȦвֻҪͣͣ߳ͿԻָˣٵȵȿ
ûˣ½ϧʶܸܵǽԪúܣǰӽ˳ɿһ
ǽһӽ̲ס޿½ϧԹˣǽͲĵطʵ̫Ҷоҿ챻ˡףʲôط
˵ǽ𱶸ʣˮޣ׽ڡ
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ǽһͷĻУԪûʵ壬§о§һˮ
þòЦԴ
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˵ضѹƣȥͺˡ
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ǰ
ǽͻ֯þþǸݶԷļ֯ɣɼµʿǽǰһȫ̯Ķ̬ܿԡ
֮ǰΪӻǽž磬ļ䡣ѹˣǽ뿴Ҳˡ
Լ֪𣿡
ҡҡͷļֻܷͣ½Сɽɽ񣬶ΪʲôɽڳΪɽ֮ǰֹûʲô֮࣬һŲ֪
ԭΪǲǴԽֻ֢ԼԲ̫ãϾǰˣȴû뵽侹ȻǱӡˡ
˭ӡļ䣿ѵԼģ
Ȼܿҵļ䱻⣬ܰҽ⿪𣿡ʡ
Ȼǽ𽾰صͷȻǱĻ䣬඼ǲ̫õĻ䣬ȷҪ⿪𣿡
ȷԥ˵̫ĺ棬ҾǲõĻ䣬ҲѾĹԭľ첻ʲôӰ졣
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116 
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һޣһͨСɽ, ɽˮ, 羰ɽǿһһ, ɽСɽ
Ϊʲôμ, ﲻɽ񣬶ֻһͨķŮ
黳, ſȥ
һ۰ĵ, ɰãСɽ岢, Ը, , ﻥﾭºץ㣬ǰŵũҿֵس
ֱﳤʮ꣬췭ظ
رغ, ס˻ûɽϦǶ˵Ҫ´, ؾͰɹˡĵﻹɻûлڼ, ǰԵࡣ
ʱʱŵһѪζ, ǲǸɱ, Ȱ, ȥеԷ, һԺţŨصѪɫײ
·ϽѪ۳ѵСϪҰضѪɫĸײײس
ħˣ졪ʣµġܡֻδڣһ̷ֱӽᴩڵء
סԼͣûгѸ˻ȥ˩סԺţɿܻòؽ¹Լ㵽˴¡
ѾܲµˣħѰ˸۾ȥոṆ̀ûϴĻħЫβЫǿϢġ
Ϊ˵֪ЩϣħѭϢѴ֮ײԺţӴ˳¹Ҳû⡣
һȫħצ֮£һȫʬû¡ˣҲûһڡ
ϻؽǽļͬⱾԭʵ䣬侳չǰͬʱȫ֪ԭʱийٺ
־ʹ࣬ۺۡ
ǰĻ涸Ȼ·¼˴
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һͷˮû뵽һתӡļŸոտʼ
嫵ƺޱ޼ʣΡ׳¥ͷԶŹ¥һʱЩסԱߵĽʯϽд֡족˴˵
磿
ҲһãȻӦȥ޵ôҡһɾĵط
˽
ת˵ͷ
Ǹ·ɾ߰ɡ˵
ֲ̿ĴСѯǰ·ɾɹٴˣҪȥĶҡҲѾ𣿡
·ɾҽɣôƺҵɺŽ¡ʵʵظңĪҪĴҲĪҪʶø֪¶ɾԻ֪㡣
üȻ˵ҶɣȴŨŨĸλ߿λߵȺͱģое㲻
ΪԼ˵˻ŵ߬ڣõģɾ
·ɾһ߸ռйĹغԼ̷ܵһ߳ס
ţĹز٣סôСҷϵԺ
·ɾһƣȥµ
գһ߸··һ˹µ
ʱȥ̫ãļЩģЩֻܿǴ꿪ϣȴ˵ʲôм仰Ǹʹ̶
ŮҲ֪ʲôţ۴ӷ˵㻯ɣҼǵãһη˱㻯Ѿȥһٶ˰ɣ
յ㻯ɾͱµ׵Ϊ˰ҰŽǻǧŮһƽ˸ôеְλƾʲô
˵ո·֪ʲôɹٴˣЦˣӵ
ɽëΪԼǷˣⷲ³Ҳϲ̨棬Զ㣬ñȾɵ
˳ַʽһɣһ־ʥǰ㣬дѴ󹦵´컯Ҳܱ㻯ɡ
Ĵɶԭסɺɽ϶ĺɣŽ׳սԶԶɵķˣǼȿɵķ˾ѪӣηĽŬʵֻڱ
һֱΪɣԲô£ɷҲֻ֣ȴû뵽ȻǱ㻯ɵģ
ΪʱСɽûҲûʲôд󹦵µ£ôͱ۵㻯ˣ
ԼҲܺ棬ȴ޴ӵ֪㻯ۣܲܵǰȥΪʲôɰɡ
ڹµĹᣬдвֵͬĹ²һһ࣬൱ں﹫ԱĹ
ĻøɣƹļɾĴȥֽ꣬ǵ֯Ůÿ֯ȥǵģȻȣϲζʳĴû¾ϲϯʳĶֳġ
Щֿۣ׬ûûйµ࣬ѹôɾۺְλ
һȥ⹤ȻУǿ﷦ζظûѣû˻˵һһߡ
öûдĵ
μûɫʣŵԵСɽºǶκÿе˳ǽܲܿ
ֱһգյһ
㲻ףҹɾΪʲô֪ҹɾ˭
ֻ򹦵µͬǴǺ𾪡
Ȼ֪ҹɾ㲻֪ҹķţܸ˵ս׷ְɣ
εҡҡͷ
һ֪֡ǸûʶӣҾʹ󷢴ȱĸɡı飬͵ҹɾǰŴ˽һ֮ƽϢħսңħ÷սڿֿȵ۶Ҫ֡ʲô
ʵشӵ˲θࣺҹɾĪǼٵİɣ
໥ط־ȻģǧﶼԾܾˡ
ɾһﲻĴҪ֪ǻ
ﾡܺܲԸμⳡ磬Ųܵ˵뷨ӲͷƤȥˣ˰µнˮ֯Ůһ֯ȹӣʣ°µнˮһңֻȥˡ
һҷڶصĺĿͷǼǱɾذ飬ŷȥ
˴ǲ۵ĽλĬĬ¡
ϯܿ쿪ʼȫ̧̲ͷҿֻԴԼǰŷϵĲȡ
ɽĲĺþ°һҲûԹôɿڵķˡ
ͷԲˣǵʱʱ䡣
ҹɾǴֱʰȻÿһֻתɺпڸˡ
Ŀ̧Ҳһֻɺ
˵ɺǸרŴװžֲͬζÿתһκ«죬ļζͻıһΡ
ΧͶɺ̾ѣҲ˵֮ģĬĬϵɺȻһᣬǱʲôһ¡
۵һתɺڵأӦ飬ļһء
ţ˶ͣ¶ˢˢķǸǹλӡ
ʱŵɫָⶼڷֻ֣ˡ

ʴԭزܾˣһ˫Զɽü΢΢ţһֱô졣
½ϧڻظͬʱҲڲɫع۲
С㡣½ϧȻڡ
ǽʱɿεߣһģڽ𣿡
ܿļ䣬½ϧɤ΢ܸܲҷʲô
ⲻ̫ðɡ
ǽһ鱣ܺͷ֮˾˵ҪҵܰѼԻȻѹɵñܣ
½ϧӦ£ǽһţ³һټݣ֮ɫʱãԺеļͬͶ˳

ͬʱԴǳǽ
ҶڵڳͷԶϱƽħϷɵģܵģι״ѹѹһƬιǵħȻħ棬һ֧˵ľӡ
ڵ֪ħͻϮϢҶɽľͼϵ飬һֱûлӦֻǰȥɽ
Ҷȥĵӻæʣɽأ
ɽﲻУ֪ȥӻ
Ҫʱ̣ɽﾹȻڣ
λͳǶɵˡ
ȻϴεسսɽҲûгֻ֣Ҫվܸ޾ĹҺ͵ʱȻ֪ɽﲻڣʿδʿȽһ롣
ҶҲģϲ¶֡鲻ڣִξ˳µԴϣ˭ңҡ
ܲܶɽıվһħս˽磬ڱħַڳձ仯ɷɣҪǿħʵ̫ѣѵΪСͻΪ
ɽ벻ΣǾͲɽɽɣʱܻصȥûαЩܱ࣬ԼģֻĽ
Ҷ˻˵֪ǾԲԴǵģðѳ˵ǰͷʿʿܶû˿һֱǣһаǰƶõļƻ£
˵ûϴǴħ泱Ѿ֤ħǲսʤġ
ǰɽѾΪô࣬ڣҲҪúðԴ£Բóκһգһһľܵ˺
ԣ˵ɽǵһ飬ɽָʱ￴ء
ҶĹ£ʿȼʿ
ʱħȻ֮شǰյŹɡȻɫ棬﷢ӥĳণһ˫޴צһ߹ֽţһ߼ٳǽӶ
ҶطָСϣЩɽӽǽ
ԤУⳡسսȵһսѰٱȫһ
ϴħ湥ǵЧѣҶ˾Ͳ²ħǻ᲻սɳһЩɵħսһ֧Ԧޣרŵħʿ顣
ȻѺУħɵɴͷ
һŰͳ嵽УŹһ֧Юҷƿն׼һֻɵɷĲҽУ֧ȫᴩųһѪߡ
ֻɵ䵽գʹȶһֻȫѵסΣ̧ΪŭŤת飬뿴˭͵ϮʱѾƵĽ齣ʣͬɱѼһ㣬ֱӸĨ˲ӡ
Щſ̹ǵĳޣСðǱЩĹ°ߵģʱһ鷲ˣƴԼ˺Ϲһֻ۵ĴҲûֹɳһʿ˸ЩħԿʸ
ձؽЩħѪծѪ
СȻȺ𲢽սʱʱɱ䣬ʬʯЩСӵǣסЩɣֹǽǽõĶػصλսɱãɱȷɳսȦĸҩ
Ψкֵɽʬ׷룬
ɵȻҲǺǵģ½Ҳʿǵצˣӿ׹䣬޹һѵصķޣרŸסЩ׹ʿ͵سǽҽΡ
սңϳȺħҲ
ҶšüϳħǰģȺ֫ϸ·ʱ֫ãħ
һֽӽɵȺħڵµ϶ģ̬ϵĠѾ˺ܴĲͬԽħ
Ϊ䲻⣬ħĸΪϸݣƤǣëҲ˻էһë๷ǵֿɱ๷ˣóľԾ
Գǽʼʩĵع壬ħֻǺһţһԽ˹ȥȫãʿǷ׷׷³ǽͬǰǰСʽڳǽǰɵλſڳǽǰһǽԵЩħǰ
ǵҵʵ̫ˣʿǿŲһûͣⶪȴֵסħͻǵķȱڣ¾ͳ嵽ǽ£֫õؾ
飡
ȻһըǽҶѭȥֻħںͮͮѪУ·ըˡ
Ҷü԰ħѪɫİɫѪģѲʿԱ鵤ˣ
Ϳ
顪Ǽը˷ҶŸоԾĿһɨǳͷ֪ʱһȺﱧŲ˿ǽ¶ʲô
м̧ܻƵĻһڵĽǶ׼ϵɣһɫġӵ
ŵȼһڻڵ׼ػֻɡ⧲һᣬͱڽֵʿһɱ
ҶŵĶȲѣǡѷѺ;޴㶹
ϳԴֲֲԴ޹СɽںͱŽӹܣѷѵζͨѲ࣬ûʲôҩüֵ޴㶹ҲǣЩѾֲˣԴǵĿⷿﻹ౬ѷѡ
ѷһ¶¾ͻᱬըСըҲ˲䱬ըмϢķӦ̣⼸ϢļЩǽѷѶ³ǽ
ЩħëûУûʭǣһűѷȥըֻħȻȻ
ʿʿǵسǰ취˰Ҳǵسǰ취ԴǵһЩѡ׳ķˣƽʱİȫѲҹ
ϴسսУǿʿǳܸӣҲΪػǳعһԼ
֮ҲгǳᣬسõĶ޷Ǿǻں͡
⼸ܻЩƽзģǵһãû뵽
Ļڵ̺̣ܶôߣ㶹Ͳһˣ㶹ܴܶ࣬ɡ
㶹Ͼֻ㶹ЩɲʲôʵԵ˺ȴܸ鷳ڽֵʱһ㹻
л˵
㶹ںͷը
سսһСдˣŮϷҪˡ


117 
һıѷѺ㶹ڵϳǽ, һʱսϱըʺķ֭ɽûбըεħҲŨķѽ, жóٻˡ
߱Ե㶹Ըٷȥ, һ㶹ܽһǽ򴩣㶹ҡ, ұͷ, ֱӱðǣ㶹ڵĸ, С绢, ½ӿն䡣
ҶôҲû뵽Щֲ÷
ѷѺ;޴㶹൱Ч, ħٶȺ̫, ǵһ, ֱĳǽƽأвħѾĽŲõ˳ǽפڳǽ֮ϵʿǣʼⲫս
ȥѱħҴ, ˺˰գֹϳǽ
ô, ȻһԸ£ȥⷿǰռЩǳҺ
µ, һṦͰϰͰҺЩڻҺԭǴͷ, зزǳе⡣
һ, ֱЩҺųǽ, һͰͰ㵹ȥ, ֻʵǵĳǽ񱻴һͣЩħһ룬ŵ״򻬵ͺȥ
سǵѹ
ʱ˿̣Ҷᵽ֮ǰΪʲôȥãسս˭˵ɲó
ôҶþϲ
ǽͺЩħʿռǽԸߴֻͣҪСסЩɣȥǽסˡ
Ҷ˿սٶȷ˱仯
Զĵģһľ޴ħӰǽ򿿽
ߵħӰʮߣ˫ֱߣ׳ĸ첲ϥǣΪľˡ
ڶħӰ״ĳֳ̫࣬ι״ǰ֫뵶βȴЫӣƤŵرֻϸСĲ𳤳壬һֺ˵򼡣
ħӰһſϾȻȸ㳤žſԴһħӰûо״һźƣڳǽƶ
Ũħճʱ䶼ӳˣΪֻֻ̫ܿľ޴ӰȺħ̫ǱòˣֻħӰѹȸУ㹻˺ë
ʲôĪֻ棿гϲ²⡣
ͬƷֵħ泱ᵮͬ棬ħħ֮ǰ໥ӽʲôֵֶ֡
ֻħӰ֮ǰ͸Ϊ޴ǿһСĹʭĵħӰǰֻСɰ
Ų񣬡ݵһɲͷ¿ˮǻ᲻ǡħֵµĴħ
˻һڳ˶ɫշ·סгĳѾʼɲ˰ӡ
ħ֮ĴħұۣҲţֱС񡱡ʥ̷𡱺͡¾ɡ
˵Ĵħÿһħ϶˺ʿͬǵ䣬ɽҲûɱ
սΪʲôƫƫֻħӰȻԸʵֲòħĿ
Ҷüħ֮һǧǰǳħս֮Уս׷ɱħӦֻʣ
Ǹͷӥħû˵Ӧħħϵ
ˣĴħ㳲ɶԵֵɽֲڣϣڵһλѾ˲ս˼
ܻü
ÿħпȵɵʵɷ涼ɱοʿһ¾㳲Ĵħȫˣ⻹ô
ϣ˵ʲôܵˣЩƵķأ㽫Щ֮ģͲ½裿Ҫһߣṵ̂ĳϡ
һ˵ĳϾȻԼڵˣò໰
ڳ˼Ĭϱͨ죬ҿ
֪̾ɽﲻף˵ǰ֪ĴħϮϢʱѾأȺʿӡ
Ҷɨڳˣ֪в˶źͬ뷨ֻǲö֮ؽϾǻûƣûеǸƵĵز
ڳĶǴڵĸ֣һΪ˭Ҳʱڷܶ߶˲ľ˵Դǰͬĺ׳־ɵȾ浽޷صʱ˭ҴƱ˵һأ
Ҷ֪Ѿۣ޹ڳǵƷԷģˮڣͲ˵ˡ
õ־ô࣬ԸħּħԪӤڵʿǰȥҲֻǴͷȺϽ
ҶѸƶսƻϣλϣǰȥԸֻͷӥħ½ħʵӦһȥסһħǽӽǽϣ˳նɱͷħԮ

˼ɽ׷׷ɳǽһǰسĴħӰжȥ𼸺ƵľǰʿСө棬ǻȥˡ
ڷıϣһո׵ڿսңٶԶЩ׷ϵģ֮ɱն䣬ɱշתսأսȫΧĻᡣ
һһֻɵԴתһ޴ĺӰ˫ߣ̧ͷӰȫòʱһëȻӽŵ״ͷ
һֻӥ߰žſԴÿԴòͬŮײҰףͨϸĲӵëϣ߰ͷ­ʳ۾ߣſԴʮֻˢˢؽ쵽˶ķŻ
½ħΪӤ
ϿӤϺ˵ɵľ档ſԴϵԵʹ࣬ǸձãԽЦٲȻѾħͬˡ

ͽͽﱻնɱô࣬Ӥŭ˦Ƶ˦ӣԴϵſһ߷ֽУһߺݺݵسҧ
Ű鼱㣬ԴٶѸͣӱһ˼سȣȻëȴҧ
üʵħӶĵˣģΪħľſԴͬװڱ仯Ųͬףÿһ׶һʹеĻˡ
Щܾܿħɱ࣬ħǵҪǵꡣ
̶ʮϢʱ䣬Ϳⶫ仯ϰŵ̥׺˶
Ӥһɣû֣ų˸ԴڰıϴӽϮͷ­¾նܣЩӰıϵһԴҧԲֻǵҧһô򵥣˭֪մʲôɲĶ
ƽʱϧëһͱֶҧúܣǵ˵磬ǲħĶ֣ҿмλڳ߸ȳɡ
Ȼ޼ЩɣҲ֪þգҪͷȥһϤĺ
磡
Ȼͷ˫۲ŵͫСá
ȻʱѾȥʮ꣬ץߵǸͣ۵һ統꣬ӡھӤһԴϣɷ׵׺ѪɫƵѪƤζʧ
񡱼ѵط-磬ҡ
ֻԴһʲôˣǾ䡰ҡߵҹصԺУÿһƾȻħ뱲׷ĪΪħ䡣
ʮ֮ħֳˡ
ҪһСð񣬾ȻǴĥӣûʣ£ħһ
Щħ
ŰдʹƤ˫۳켸ѪɽӰıԾ£һͶȥӣǹ޷˵سӤ
ʱǺλϸոոϵȻһûǵæֹ侲㲻Ķ֣
ýȥں޲ýͷħʬΣͳ̣ҴҲʱ೤ͣسΧˣԭصİҲϽȥæʱһƬҡ
ӤħԶЩħ֪޸ԼĳóŰݵǿԴȥӭһߺšҡһſݣسҧȥ
ÿλ϶žӤһԴΧһֻħȴȫռϷ硣Ӥоſſ쳤׷Դһ˫ȶ쫷һӥƵצǷϵޣ쫷;Ӥ쫷ײ쫷̼ͱײɢȫһ
ǿÿ¡
ǲɣͷӥǿ˹ֻħʵģⳡ̻еĴ
λδӤĹʽսй˼ɣԷΪ̼ܵҪƵسǰɱһʱ֮侹ȻӤһ
ʩ㣡
ǲһ֧죬󷨿ʼЧӤ·Ȼ̩ɽѹɬҪӤıɱȥ񡱵Դˮ߰ٶȲСϤһᣬһ߰ͳɹĻȷسԼҧһδξնͬʱ絶ʡ
ҶݺϴʱҲֱħ̷ʥ¾ɡ
ҶǰľħӰӽĴڣĿ֫٣˫û۰ףϴžŰپʮſŷ飬ϸһƣһȻһſͷ­Ǵɵġ
ħĴ󽫣̷
ҶЩ­ϲдܸܵЩͷ­֮ǰǴھʿҲ˵ڴ֮ǰ̷Ѿɱ˾ŰپʮŸͬȾĸ֡
ǰͬΪʿȴҪħɹѫƳǰҶһĻŭͬʱе㱯۵룬ѵΪһسսǴȫʤħ泱ŭħθɴֱĴħأֱӵƽԴ
ǲԴֵöһУƴ໤Ĵڡ
սΪΪ£ΪģֻΪɽǧǧסİ֮ġ
̷ǵӭӰм÷˺͵ͽʿͷ­ΣܸܵҶϢպ÷ı׼촽Եú˷ܡ
ѩɽͶħǳ׼սʿŷӣⳡսǴħ϶ʱǧĵһս
̷˷ܵظ߾˫ۣ˻һƳֻСӰץȥ̷Ӵɽ壬ӦģжûôҶͷӣضһ˫Ϯơ
Ҷ侲˼⣬ħǷ̬ģôӦúҲࣺࡣ
ѸƵ̷ԺעնƿһɫĽйЮžն̷ľǺ߾ҲδҲδ㣬ֻǳٻתԴһ
Ҷǽз·նĳּӲĽϣ̶ĹвΪһ֮õĽȻǶһȥȻӡӶû¡
Ҷ𾪲ѣħƤѵͭǽģô˼Ӳ
˫ٶȳҶ̷ſֱָ۵ļ϶ҴҶܣͬһֻó棬ڶҧһֻ
ļ϶ҶҲսݺǱߵսҲֹۣܲȫħʥѹţԼıǿӦԣžȥǳ¡
϶ϵħ¾ɣǸóƻģþħڵıķףóþֻԼķзϣһñ۵š
𵴳꼰Χħ̱һƬֻƵħӰȴƺ޷ӦԴԴϵɢŨڵħ޿ײػϵߡ
˫ü壬߳˱ܿҲӦԵüΪѡֻþƵĽ֣䲻⽣ӰȴΣյģһСıħȫ١
ҶӤǷս䣬һ۵Ĵۣ˾ӤһԴ״ӣҶļ٣µľƸġ
ҶٶҵᣬƵ̷󣬽ϵĺâ˸һΣȻʮɵĲǳǳĽۣûƿ̷ķ
̷ƷץһֻϰҶץģֱ𣬺顣
Ҷĵһ⣬ѿǵĽһ̷ͷ俿ŷһױ̷ħˣһѪ

ʿ뾪Ҷͳҩ£סڷӿѪ
ҶʿʿǶۿˣʮһȥƲħķ⻹ô
ҶкŵҩĨ˲㽣ͣˡʣ޶ὣϣȻ̷һħʥڱƽӦסĶѲ֪٣ˡ
ֻλϺϻڿӲţڸ¾ɵĻþѾ·磬׽ѪҲŲ̫á
ԴǡΣ
Ҷŭģ⧲̷ְһƣһֱӰСΣͷһԴصԣһһҷסı۰򣬰סΣʮ㣡
Ҷһ㶣ϳ˲ǰЩʱʮʯǷծǶԷ
ͬʱɤԶʡ
˲齭޺ƣԴѣ
˲齭СˣԴѣ
˲齭ͯӣԴѣ

žתɺӦˤ飬ܵͬͶ˹ȡġмЩֵĿ⣬·ʵʵϡ
ô˱ֱŵˤ˾ƺ
ѽѹ֣˳ɾϲ̨棬ҹɾ磬Ī͵ģ˾Īڹҹɾע⣿
˭֪أŮòҲţ
ú类ˤ˾ƺҪҹɾֱӾˡ
ΧɾǲƵķ飬ͨ죬ɬһ仰Ҳ˵
λϵ̧֣Ůһֻµĺ«
ǼƱյܿ͵С
ϯһɢȥһҲҶŲӿƵܵԶƧĺͤίҲס˫
ڼþеȴúûɺλɾΣ͵͵ɷ󣬲ʧˤ˾ƺ
ߺ޴ӣҲЦ
ʲôƾƺôһˤˣĴﰲο
ϧʱ
صСãҺǡ
þˣ˽ļͻȻȻﲻǣÿһգڻѹʵĵˣСɽӡ
ΪʲôһɣСãǲѾͶ̥ˣҲͨķˣһҲɡںߣĴᡣ
û̫ģûаͺҹ֣֮Զˮɫˮ֮ƣˮ峺羵ûм࣬Ҳûħɱ¾Զô¾õģΪʱеɽһģһ
ȻٺãԺһ
Ϊʲôɣ
Ȼ䣬һʹæ˲ᣬվ
ǸɾһϮɫ̽ߵĳͷڣʣ׿
΢ܳɾûгˣɾڷ䣬УɾǼûÿ
ɾżȻ·ڿޣһ䡣
ֱȴò̫ԾôżȻ
ɾȤģǸѼò񳤵üۺâ΢һ׵ˮ̶Ȼûе⣬·ʲô¶
Ǳ̬糾Żӵе˫۾һ̫룬Ҳһ͹𣬵ܳɣ˵ȵ˱ɱࡣ
ˣԲһ֮ˡ
Ѿͣˮ̵ͬĽˮ̧ᣬʵ˵ܺãҸϲ䣬ɣζ
ﻹҪغö
ÿն£ı´ǳײʲôҪֳϻۺ۵ıӡ
̫ˡ
ʱħǿҧɵʹ˯᲻جΡ
֪ͰѱĿˮһ˵˳ɾֻĬĬţûг飬Ҳûгο
˵귽Լ˵̫ˣ֮ӱýܶ࣬δκ˵Щ£һһԶ˵ûţʱһСͯ˹ϹϾسǰɾʩ񣺡ҹɾ۴ȥ
ɾ˼һۣתͬͯһ뿪ˡ
֪ﾪԭأȻҹɾ
ϯϣ̫Զ̫䣬ȫûҹɾʲôģ
ϯϴƺɨ˲˵ǰԹ࣬²װ˼Ҹ͸ˣ᲻ǰ״
ҹɾֱɷΪսΪĽ֮ϵĴڡк׷Ƿ˺ɣû˸Ʋ
˵Լ󲻾ãһ֮ħħ·ӡصף˽̫ƽ
һӦò״֮٣µĲԶת룬Ǹ״ãһƣٶֻȥˣԣ»
ǣڴֺµصȴ٣Ȼûãɹ֪ĵɽϽɽպסСɽ
ϢȥµµɾӶΪϧ˵ö˶˵ȥ磬Խ˻ϸ֦ȴƫƫҹɾ۵ذѷ붼㶪ˡ
ûζȴڱְʱջһ۵ͬ顣
ûиǣ֪Ϣʱж࿪ģɹ˿ʯԱлɹٲΪܴ̼̫ӻˡ
ԸصСɽ
һ죬һꡣ
СɽھħռϴȻΪһɽûз˰տڴ˾ס´飬ԼǰΪ˺ļ䣬Ӵ˳Сɽɽ񣬰СɽϾס
ӻлԭشΣЩϢ
ԭﻹôʹĹѹҪԼӡûн⿪Ϊʲô󱻵㻯ɣλҹɾΪʲôĬĬŵСɸ磬ڵҹɾΪƫɱᵽСɽɽ
ĳֹ֪ġ
̧½ϧĿ⣬һ˲˲ƺ͸Щϧ
ҸʲôȹϵɳȫȻ֪ǽֻǽͷݣȻļ䵱PPTͶʵʱˡ
ǽʱѾ½ϧû뵽ʿ֮͵磬濴ȥޱȵɾӣȻԸһ
ݶͣȨ󣬿͵ɣӸҲֵ쾡¡˽类ħݱȴȻϵңӣԴ˲Ųʡ
ÿʿɽʲôģ½ϧҲ⣬ļ￴ɽ̬ɽ˾ﳹ顣
ǵﱻɳЦż¶ںߣ˵طʱ½ϧɵʣɵΪΣ
ֻΪ˳ֻΪھ֣ƺҲûʲô޵ġ
ԸѰҰʧܡ
ϵͳȻôһһ㶣鿴ŻȻõ
ԸʮǰһԸʱµԸЩ·ʧ磬һֱûϢôͻȻʧˣ
ϵͳʣʾħ
ʲôħֹˣ
ŭͷڣԪɾڸʲô
ϵͳʲô취ܴпռȥ
ϵͳѸٵһԣ˾ְԱƷƿռҵӡۼۣһֵ
飺
һһɣЩʡԼã˽ֵ߰ΪֿܵסⲨħ
ƽͳȥһ۵ڵѪֲò
˭֪Ԫɾڸʲô۶ӣԼȥԴһѾħ̤ƽ޶ûطȥ
ֵߣƽ׳һֻټ½ϧ״һãȻ֪ͻȻóһѴҪʲô
Ȼһ룬˫ֽסʹ̵ͽƬء


118 
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ǰӰҡΣ滨ľļҾӰ裬½ϧǷռѳ, һ۾ϳ¥İᡣ
ԪɾʱڴϺ˯, һ۵ĶǱӲüӼơ
ƮŨҵľζ, һһǺȾ, úܣ˫鵽, Ҳûʱƽϡ
һס½ϧ, ̼ʹ˲Ƶ˳սϡ
ʱ䵹ذյ֮ǰ
ȣפسǽʿֻӰ̤ƶһһͷɫ, ȹĽСŮ, һɫͷĸ׳, ϳһ״̥ǣϻһöֵȦһŵ۵꣬õķзһֻˮɫĺ«
ȹŮȥԸֳֻӣֻͷ񽻸ҡ
Ȧĸ׳̳, ǽħʥȥ
ʱľӤѾƴȥһԴͷֻʣ˰ͷնǿͷڻ, ʹŻҧļûаҧ, Ȼȴ·ش, ʹ̡
ͷҧĲǡ, ʶһȥ, ֻԺ, ·걻ݺݿ˺һ飬Զϵʹ۰ٱ
һڵĴۻֵõģе齣նĲӣѡ񡱴ӾӤϳɹ롣
űɵľʹһֻḧڡ񡱵Ժ󣬵СãԲ𣬴ˡ
ȻܿƵؽҧļͷϵıѴʹýȻ˫ڰ׷ͫȻ䶯ţ£ʪ
ִ磬ʱ°ߣ޷˵׷ɵצˣһֱܼǹҴİΣ񿴵û£һһλʿԸҲ˽ˡ
Ǳħо˵Բ
֮ԣѾ㹻
ۿ죬¶ȵָϱӣΪȥ᣺±ӣǻá
⻰ڰĵر˫ۡ
Ⱳֻ̫࣬ĺͯȴھӤڳʮꡣÿʱÿ̶ħʴʹУÿһǱӤٻȥ˺ҧͬ塣
ʿ˺ҧ±ĥʹӣѹÿһѣԶһجΡ
ڵԴຣнѣͶ̥ȥˡ
ԴڰʧͬԴΪīɫ۳ɢ֮䡣
ŰɢҲѾ棬ƽԸҵʧٵСãû뵽ٶȼ棬ľ
ʶѴڱԵýӣ˪ضǰľӤ޲⡢Ѫ
Ѱ񺦳׾ǰЩħҪΪ񱨳
һȹӰǰѾùˣӢ۲ǴɷΪ飬˻ȥｻҡ
⣬ֱӷ°ڣķ˦Լıϣ漴ֱֱطɻسǽ
̼䣬ȹŮҲֳԭ͡
һֻȫѷھӤľͰצȻսϣɫ⻬Ƥʷ·ӨQĹĳЩо־֢˵ڵҲ㲻Ͽɰ
ֻ׳Ĵչòס˾Ӥʣµİ˿ԴÿֻڴС̣εסһűõΣ׷׷ʹİС
ơĸ׳ӴʱҲ䵽ʥǰĹ̶ȣʥӤִʵĳʧƷӺ˸ǰѾƵ˳ǽһ֮⡣
ʥǰԼһֻ֫ߵӣΪĲŭ߾ǰ֫ݺݳ¡ĳɳɢȥƻվԭؿȻȻͽסʥֻ뵶Ƶķǰצֱ͹𣬼ɽͰһС
ļǴ󣬲ڲ̵Ȧڶ֮е·磬ζѹһ˫ڵֵ޺ۣ뵶ͷ֮ࡣ
ƴһӣ
̵Ȧǵ̰ɴ齭Ϊ˳ͷϵģʹ࣬סǽ⿪ʱ
۵˸ֻȦһ⣬ȦžһһΪӺϵ䡣һͷȻע˷ܼķţ˶׳һȦ˲סΣ뵶ɾٹͷ
ʥŵصɴɺĸۣ˵ôȻˡ
֪ǺƵԭͱС˻Ӵֻ½ϣԭͲսԲζսڽУֻһ棬ʥͻᱻ̵Ͼħ֮ǰƲһİ
ȻƵٴ󣬵Ϊ½صĻսۿۣ츳ֻˮʩչֻܹ⿿һʱѹסʥ
ڴʱһӴɫӰǿƽսԳԭ͵С˺ͺܼʱҲǶȥͨ籨š
ħ֮ʱﶼҲӰԤвȺ޵ֵסרһ˲齭ȥ˾ȱ
齭þӽףŴ£һ˵ԴǱħЩǷ飬̾ǲ˺ơС˺ӹ֧Ԯ
ͻϮֻգ֮䣬ʥںͺƽ˿ûзһֻε͵Ϯ֮ǰ͸ЫЩ㣬ſ죬һҧʥһĽ֫Ӵ
ѪŽʥһֻۡ
ӤС˲סʥƺѹƵԹ˲Ͼ̷ҲǶһһҵǯס
򸾾ǲǰǰԴծĺܷޡ
գܷʮʯԼͽ޹ѧϰԷĲ£Լ벻ڳﹺһۡ˷򸾾סû뵽ס˼£ħʹš
Դһƣ޹ȻҲûˣûˣҺӻôѧ
ѧ£ǺܷҲƴԭΣһֻܱס̷һֻȭͷ
ܷѾ͵ˣħ̷ǰȴֻĴȸ˫ֱҲֻĶܷۡþȫҲֻܸԱס̷һֱֻۡ
ҶѣǱſ죬ҧȥһҧѵ
ޣɵƤʲôģôôӲ
ǽΧ۵ķǶˣʲô״ͻȻðһͷͷܣסĴħ
ʱԱŵĻЩɽԮ
ǵɽԵҲ̫˰ɡ
ôţǵذ׵ӰҲڸսϿգǽϵ˶ʱӯһ󻶺
ɽˣɽûǣ
ϵս֮ʱÿŰͷ­һĻ˲סѰҰ񡱵ʧˡ
ġȥȴӤһϵͳжǰӤħһֱڵص϶Уϵͳⲻ񡱵ľλá
ħ°ߵģȴڸմ϶ľӤϣǷ˵ħ϶ͨģ˽󣬲ܳ϶
µϸ˼⣬ӤʥǱʱòģѶԸ̷ԶǺܷ򸾾ƷģǵĳֻǸҶȡһϢĻᡣ
ɿ½ϧ̷ֱ𴦸ȥ½ϧ򻷹սԼӦһûʵħ亹乵̨ϣüѾħӿƺһҪħռʶħ
½ϧ̸ϴͬʱͷųĽԪ
ǽܵķ磬˸ǷףǴٶһΧЩ𣬡ۣöħ
ȥæ½ϧ
ǽóþ֮Ҳѣֱεǰ˿ƵŮβɨϽյ϶ʱоħʴû˯ͷԣ˲·һůǿԿӿħ
ǽڣڻþеɫʱࡣ
Ҳѷ̷ͳޣسϻȥ
̷һģϰڽڴŵ̵Ĺ޳Ϸ죬̷עʱӺܷ򸾵ƿתͷһ֡вͷĿݶض顣
ؿűӸոճĵط̶ȴŸҶϵЧּۣ࣬Ƥ㲻ϡ
ģħƤӲ
̷ʹһȫ̧˫ۣͷܹȭͷϣҪ棬ʵ֧Ųסֱ¡̷˺ܷ򸾵űץ
ȭ绹δȻ㿪Ľ¯̷̵࣬٣زץ
ļ϶ֶӣ̷𲻽һûУĹޱβһСȱڡ

۵س˳飬˹ޡ
ɣðĶԣ
ߺһ
ܷ򸾶һۣ²ҪŴУ˰ٳߡ
ƮڰУ˫һɫƵɢֱֱشɽƵ̷
츳ܣ
̷Ķ·Ԥ֪ҪʲôЩƽ֮ǰһڳŶŹֽǹͨͨ˲䴵ɢĶơ

˭˵ħû̵ģ
ħķ̫ˣҲʹ֮¸޷ֺΨһϻغͺԭսսΪΪΡɱʣǱʵֻܽסǹķ
ͷԷת˼ŶԲߡ
ôȥǺܲĴħǣסдھϵĸ֣ӿǽħҲԽԽ࣬ܵЩͽʿֵסħĹƣøϽĴħ˲С
һ̷Ĺһߴϵͳ̳ǣҵһһĿʮеûõϵĵߡ
ϵͳƷϵͳǿƼɳعܣɽ
ɳأ
̫ûˣһ£ɳؾǸ鿨أϻ˼ֵһ￨ϿũĪĿƣЩص˿ں;÷չЩãڴܰ
ػϵͳڿƭϵͳ֪æͣϵͳбãٷѵֵʱһ鵽ǿ𿨣ۣͯ
һϵͳ̳ıʵǸߣõҲҪˣôǳ鿨㡣
ôֵΪһ̣ʱʱ
飡
ϤĹžǰֻҪֽȥһ£һſƬԻڵɳصľ
鿴ƵƵ̷ЩΣڻҪӦɵڵóȥ鿨
ϵͳϵͳṩһΪ˫ֻ֣Ҫ1ֵ/Ρ
аɣȻʶϵͳеıΪ໨ֵõģ޼鲻̡
һοҪһٵֵٷ֮һѣ黹ܽܣֱӿ˹һ鿨Ĺܣһߺ̷λսֵһԷǳٶ½
ԼǳһıȥģȻֵĵһʱصɳصĹžâʢ֮ǰĿҪǿң
ϵͳǲǳ鵽öˣ
ϵͳĬһᣬ˵ϲ鵽̫𡣡
Īϵͳеһ˿˿ʹ̫ǰҪǸҿҪ˻ġ
ϵͳԸ̾һŷֱҪѹ׵ıȻһα׾ͳ鵽ˣ
ٻǶǰҪٵ˰ˣѾ׷׵һˣ̶ʮ䣬Ѿ飬ֵҲû׬
Ҳ̫С
̫ս׷ΪĳЩԭ˼䡣ʹô˿ٻ˽ǰ˽аնҡ
ѹ⽣ЩϤһϵͳ鿨ʱ򣬾Ž𿨵봽
Ե⿨ƺֻǰǽٻһΣǿʹõɽϵͳʹʲô
ϵͳǷʹô˽𿨣
鿴оۼѾһ˿ħƣǰһƬ½ǣѾʼ̷ܻ𣬹ϵʹã
ҪѽжƲ̷ķ׵Ҫϵͳ˻
ʮϢȥս·лǿտҲ
ôû
ϵͳ԰꣬ǽھ̫ԶٻҪʱ䣬Ͼ͵
ϵͳ˵ֹʮϢһ貶ĿصħƣڿжһȦȷ˭ڸ󣬾ֱ
ϷŪε̷ŭѣԭؼ̤˼ʱضɽҡ˲䱻ȳ˼ӵĴӡʮ·ħŵմͬħѪ̷֮ͬģȴץסħһŭһ߳鶪ȥ
ħûͬĸΪһλãɱǼҳ㷹ɰͶħצ飬ȻᱻЩͽħ﹥Ʈԭûжֻħƽ֮ʱý˲ƵطƬ̺˲ƻԭʧ룬³֡
̷ˣûôƻĶ֣ǱӳȻۣ
Ͷħ˲٣ɺˡ̷ƺҲ˲飬ȻƽִӲȡһɾŰپʮſʿͷɵķƺҲνľҪŴˡ
ע⵽Ķü΢壬ѵǴͷҲһ
ʱٻ̫Ѿͷ˷е̷ҲƺӦʲô͵̧ͷͷȥͫײŵ
һ̷ϣӽ־塣
æѵذͷ´زϣѾӾսΧȥȻֻһ˿̷ľ
֮⣬Ǿһͷ˵ĺ󾱡
һΪԼۻ̷ּ֮ǰһη·𱻶סԭضҲһϢ֮󣬿ɽȻ¡
æɹȥ鿴̷ֻĺֱӱһѪħѪӿ̷Աſ־ı飬Ȼûˡ
ԲۣҲ̫޵˰ɣ
ΪҪԼٿѽû뵽˼һǳֱӰѳħɵˣҪ
ǰ汦̷ʬϷش¸̾սıϵͳǡҡΪǿˣڿʵ
ףĻơôе½ϧǰأ
ִĽý㿴ǽȴһβɶĴƮƮӸµءƺ˵ٻģ

ôԸҲһް
²ۣȻ䣬ǰѽƺ֪ʲôתвϷ
Ҳ֣Ȼܴһѽܵ𾪡ϲͼֻƺһ漴ಡһ¾ɵķֱȥ
ͬʱӤʥǱҲѷֳʤС˸ס˾Ӥİ˿ԴλϸȺŹ϶󣬾ӤݲеֻʣһȻ󱻸һնɱ
ʥƺͰжһֻۺսۼ򲻹Ҳ̷һܵ˼ûܳɣͱ׷ĺơСˡܷ򸾵ԮΧס֫ϣһͷ룬ƤϵطţҲֻʣ°ˡ
Ĵħ˲
һħ¾ɣΪнԪٳδֳܷʤ¾ɴӻþзֳ뿴սˣȴû뿴ľȻħʬ塣
տʼܷŭֱǰѷɫâĳԼϮ֮ʱεĺӰԵڷë·ڲ
¾ûʵ壬˵ܣʵƮģһգ۾Ͷݳء
ǰ̫ȻҲû׷Ǿֱ½ϧǰ
½ϧɻǰƾշѽɢϢϤУĸоơ
̫ѣ͵سǰ㣬һ߶õĳҵˡ
½ϧһ£һ£
ȻͻȻֵĽܿɣ½ϧԼĵĿ
½ϧסһɲǣɵշ·һε˺ѿ貵عƲд£ҫ֮ۻǵħѪɣ̷ʬ޻ȼȼյֽм̼仯Ϊҽ
ع֮£ڤڤ֮У·һ޵˵
սλ
л˵
ᵹʱʵкüTAT


119 
, ҹɾѳӲһһ̫
, ɱа, ̫ˮרնаħ
ǰɽһ仰, ̫һ, ؽħѪ˿ǿʡ
鿴̫½ϧΪʱ, ɶˡ
̫ôдţ
ս׷, ΪĳЩԭ˼䡭
ս׷ʲôϵ
½ϧԭפ, 꾢ں, ī, 鿴ı飬֪ܸܵƺЩʲô
ͬʱ̫ϵϢȻˡ
̫, ɵ½ϧ󣬺һ𽻵, ½ϧ漴תһۡ
һ, ֻİ
ǸϤ, һ֮ǰ, ԭļ￴
, ŵĮȻɱ֮, ھߣΪʲôɡλҹɾһģһ
½ϧΪ˺ɺϣ̫˵Եɽ½ϧ㲻Ǻ׷Ҳ׷ĳܲеĹ
Ǻ׷ΪԳ½ϧͶһͨʿ黹޲𵤣ʱĵȷȷֻнΪ
οҹɾݵλҲûбҪͬǰСӹҼҵϷ롣
齥Ƴһ²⣬²࣬Ҳ˾Ųʮˡ
ҹɾΪĳԵ·٣ļ䱻ӡѽѽ½ϧԼһһΪɵļ䡣
ڵ½ϧģȻҹɾս׷
ζӳ£ս׷뷲䣬أⲻֵܵʮŴ˵𿨣Ͼǧ֮ǰֻƾֻһˣʹħ
ȴȫȻ˲е顣
ļǺ֪ǰԭΪҹ˴ᵽСɽɽ
ոпռ䣬ɹʹȥȡ飬Լ߹˸ɬеɳء

ϴʱӴ״̬һ۾Ϳǰֽ½ϧҲظоȻòɣʺʹǰȫȻͬˣѳɢϢ¾ʱѹȸлҪǿ
ӡôҲвڣתǽԪ˵л
ǽ˷ܵΧյõ½ˮԵɽʺҴסȥ𣿡
½ϧӦǺ׷ͷĬǽβһҡ˲̫Ϊ˽ϵһöͼڡ
ţ鿴΢ǳԼķ
ŵֱ˲Ƶ˳ǽͷȶΪ
ħİܱħҲȥԴһħĹϮ³ɹأȫʤ
ǽΧɺħʬ壬ɢŻζȥʿǰʬ御նףΪÿɵһֻ꣬пǵԴͷЩħݵꡣ
ʣµ⣬ҪԻҪգȥ
˴δսҲҶҲˣλ˲ٵˣӵĶۼԴǾȻסˣȻͷֻˡ
ݹȹߣԴ̧ɽĳŲܣżװԻħɱǹ
ЦһһĹ
֪Ӳҧҧ½ͳһľУǶĳһʱͿĳԸ⽫׳ɽˡ
ߣ֪ѷóˣĽװ飬ϡ飿
Ҳԡ
ӣ鲢֮ܺԣҲûʸǿЩʿΪԴ߱ˣҪ»ûôף븶ۡ
۾һȻ˲̡
ݵ²λȥ֮λΪŵӣպȥ˼췣͸ɤԴǡ
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ݣһʱ˲ƻСҷ嶥ͷҪµȰµõںˡ
СҷɽԺĵؽУɫһʯ̨ת貵Ĺâѻ谵ĵؽӳ硣
ϵͳںУʱ223Сʱ59֡
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Ȼԭ㷽ŲСɽȥ˫ȥˡ
ţȥ齭æȻҲŲڡ
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Ҳ˵ھͲһܼߵˣԳ岻ŵʡ
ԳǸӣЩ֣ƽʱҲ޴򽻵ħϮǺԳɽҲڰæųǽԴǵһߡ
û鿴ת飬ЩԺ˵
ҲüǸ£ȥʮ꣬Ȼˡ
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ļͷ˲գ̫ˣСɽǵÿɽ˰ɡ
δɽҲ󲻳ɽù⾰ֻԣʲôӣΪɣ
ɽʲôãҵСɽԴǸʤɽ硣ʮе˵
ԭĸҲǼɽӵģɾķ羰Ҳûļҹתޣ˾ͺܵҪǣСɽûô̻Ҳɽḻˡ
ûħңͼѰʣµǿȥ漯СɽͱɽˣԴסƤշء
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Ӹλڴѵǰ񲻹ˣȻͷ֮ˣʵڿɶȥ˼´һأһܷ紵֮࣬ú˼Żϧµ

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˵ڶħԴǵҼһƻ㣬ٳͬȼ˳ҹ
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Ԫɾͨ죬̾һ治̰װĶȥһˣһ֪ǬʱپࡣͨƿңȻسǴ£ûȥˡ
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лҳС˿Ǹɿɰãû뵽Ǹ¨ӣһͣһ߿Źӣһת۾ͰѺƵϵ׶ˡ
𿴺һеӣҪæҪ̫
ǽҲҪԹģǽڼʵڳ鲻
ҿǽһˣôް

ôʶۣСЩʺܷ򸾡
ܷû渵˵ͻˣдʮʯĿͷ֧ƱǻѰ˼ǲڲƭǣСɽôưܵһСӣ͵óʮʯţܲƭܣ
ܷ򸾺ٺЦţھõʱѡ飬ΪУȷľˡ
С˿žͲѡʵĸдϵĺܷ򸾣Цգգ۾ôͲƭˣã
ǵԭѩĻɽֻ±˻Ǯء
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齭ȻҲںЩ˼ҽпʲۺ跲˹Ը㡣
޼˴˽ûʲô˼ɣԪɾԿֵغžƣҶҲ̸ϯ󲿷ֶǻޣ޳Ҷˣһˣ鲻ò롣
½ϧڵһسսһɱֻ棬ǽϻ¾ɣ֮ǰն̷ɽΪҲĿá
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˿ϧضһ࣬鿴һ⣬ֻҧһڣü壬ŻС
鵣ĿǿζһⰴǵĿζ׼˲ͬʳ
ܷǰŴǷɵʳС˺ͺ׼ĶϺзɵĲȣòʳأҶϡ½ϧȥ¥ʳ
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ɫ֮£˵˵ЦЦǰЩȤ£ƣϰϰҹ磬Ȼ
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ʱǸΨΨŵŵҴ˵ˡ
ϵͳϲɹħϮ⣬ǽ̶̳ȴﵽҪ󣬡޽ǽ жɡ
һϵͳʾעͷӶ˸ѡ
ϵͳϲسɹļȫɽ񼼣
ϵͳϲȡ弶ؽ񣺡һԴĴ𣿡
һԴʥĴ𣬼ֲͬԵ飬ܸ𰸡
Ҫ󣺼߿飬ں
ʾΪһںϺϵͳȫΪλߴڣӵгԽʱ䡢ռάȵκһԸشǿκһԸม
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ϵͳϵͳ̳ѵÿһֵת֮ںزϰµɽ񼼣ҲҵںϺԶ
ȻѹϵͳɽϵͳϵͳͬʱҲڼȡϵͳ˵ֻҪܼ˺ʱصԭ磬ڸ
鰴ӿϸ鿴»õɽ񼼡
ɽ񼼣оԵĶֲǰﲻܡ
ɽ񼼵ĽܣеСʧҪսļܡ
ɽŻͦʵã鵱¼ɽ񼼣ǳһԣ߰ʱƮ䡣
СˣϹȦڱժˣӲӲģױʱѵûš
ƣأôҺʷȫ˵ȥˣ˻ʵɷ͵ɡ
ãһܳԣ
϶ûôԶǲθڲ̫ã
ܷ򸾣ħʱ򣬰ҲûҪ밳ǳԷֲ˼ġ

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㷹Ƿ׷ǡԪɾȻûȵʬ·ҡҡλεģ죬ƶһͷ£ֻðȥơС˺Ӻò׽˻ᣬ뿪ף½ϵķ⣬һʱҲؼң˵ħҲ֪ʱͻҶȥ޹ڵһס
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ϾѩԭȳԡѪһ
ԣʲô
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ϲֲǷŶѡ˵
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֮ǵһǰֱˡ
ָ֮ǲǳԲĳʳˣҿϯϾͳһ⡣
ʲô²ϲҴţʲô춼ֱ˵
׷û뵽ĵ˿ģ⵽ʲôˣֻΪҲϲʳ
˼ûڳԷϡ
鲻üΪʲôӸ⣿
ΪԼĿζһ𲻻
׷һۣɤΪ㰮ԡ
Ĺֱһ㶡
Ҳʶǰ겻½ϧǴӹﳹ׵׵ػһˡ
½ϧֱ˵ͻ͸㿪Ŀ⣬ӡ޽һ;ԼͣҲ緢ֻǰʱ¶ɬûĴк
ʱԵӣ᲻ֱܲ˫ܸۡıһ˵òĿٴοǸھԣʡٱӡ
鲻֪ԭԺ׷ʲô
ΪԼᵽ䵱ɽ񣬿ûУСɽɽֵʱ⣬Щм
һ㡣
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ĽҲһ㡣
ﱻżʱֻ֪ѯԵɡСɽҲʱǸ棬Լ˾ƺǲǿ޵̫ѿˡ
Դ˲صúҲǺȷⶼԭԴˣֻܵ
һйһ֮Եɾû뵽ķʽ
û鶼㲻ϵľһ棬ѵԾӣ˶£׷϶˭ˡ
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ָһ㣬һѾǰˣȷѾܾˡ
׷ɫ֪Լ˼
ͻĬôĶź׷¡ɽ񼼣ʲôûȻ⼼ܶ˵ãڶֲķ֮⡣
˰һӵĶ
Ҹ㽲һ°ա׷Ȼ
ð
Ϊὲôֻ˰ħģ˷ܵشӽȡƺ;ƱԼϡ
׷ӹƱûкȣĿԶǺӣɤڵǧǰһͨĴׯһСᰮΪǲѧֹѧũһ˵űľˮҹԴĽС
΢˵ĲǹŽľµûŽӰǺ׷ǰ
׷ŵĳһ죬ׯǿϴ٣꿿ѧĽеԴǿѣǴ֮û˼ҡһ˱ϣ;һ䣬Ķر䣬ѩ㹻һֶ֮ЩڽͷʱһĵŮ·ͷһˮ갾ѩҹ
գ׼·һ˼ʱһũֳڳһŮ귢Ůҹͷ֮ˣǰֹ֪ŮûĸũļĸƽʱǴΪͷŮ͵ԣ
걳ѾԵŮæȥϵҽݡŮȴû߹ȥļͷֱ۴ŷŮ˺۱鲼ϸݵ䣬ӽ©ڡ
׷½ȥôôɵĹѱʩһزʶİͷ
һʱ㶣žƱֶˣû뵽ҪþȻôһĹ£Ǻأ
뵱ʱţԽյôˣ˾ϵɾɺĵһ£ƹɹ٣δͶ̥Ůһĸƺ˼ҡ
һŮڸĸ۰ƽʮʱɾ㵽гħ٣Ůܻɥħ֮֡·Ѱվһ
üµķչôô죿
˶˵ɾǾս˷ǧ˵û֪ǣ֮ˣȴûܾ¡
׷ڲ̫һһĻֻһŮѪȵģħ˺ñˣȥƣŻá
Я˫ֻɱȥħģһħԴ˰ħħ϶ӡڼȡ
Ϊս޲ʤսû֪Ҳħÿαչ֮ʱһۣǰĻ档
ʶ̫ȥƽϢħҵĹͣΪһɵĶ䣬ı˸µְ
ȥ̽ŵ԰ϯ뿴ôˡϯͲԣº֪ԼΪĴ㾹ļòġȥСɽɽڶļ磬Ҳһļҡ
ЩûбҪ֪ʣµģɾħ·٣ħ϶ѩԭȣѣЩɥҵѳɵɵŮȡ
⣬ҾȵȫȻеһ˵˭

ɫ£Ӱҡҷ׷֣ɫ棬ûкȾƣɤ·Ҿưʹŵ繡
Ƿ໹
л˵
дһģ룬ǵдȻ˵Ϣ̫_(:١)_


120 
, ޻ȥߡ
׷˵Ǿ䡰Ƿ, ໹ʱ, Դʱ˵һ֪Դ, ֪ôӦ, ˸˾ƴͷ۵ĽڣҲƵػԼСԺ
ѹпռ, ½ϧļ߹Ƭ֮ʱ, ܾʶϤУԭļҲڵǰ, һ걳߹ããѩء
ǰ, ͸ǿ̳˽, Ȼһһծʲôʱܻꣿ
ǣʲôʸǰ̫ˣûлꡣ
Ǻ׷Ƿġ
Ϊ, ˯ͳԷ¾ǿп޵ĶǸϰ߷˵Ϣ, ҹ֮ʱ˯һʱ, ȻҲ֪δ򷢵ҹ
, 鼸һҹû˯
컹δ, ٶԺ, Сɽɽкߵ, ǵһܿճĵطʱƵʹ߳һ߽⡣ɢ˲ҹ¶⣬յůڵġ

ٿأһļ΢΢ͷ֦ﴫǲ̸ˡ
Բ۾ʲô
Ǻ棺Ǹޣ˿

˿˿ģֹһʲô
ôˣҿɶˣǰڹľʱЩūϲɲʱҲ̸黰һأȲɵĲ軹ࡣǵϣҵ£Щߵ¡
˻ϵҶӣʾҲǼġ
뵽ʲôǲǶǵ̸
Ҳһɡ
ˣôô£òҪɱڰɡ
ҿ϶˵ȥģ֤
ۣ򣿡
ϵҶӵ⣡

΢Сɽ˰֮Ĺɽʱһɽ
ƽʱϲҹḶ́ʱֵԺ֮У׽ʳˣԴԼĴڸС
һȺȺɴ޶õǵͷɹ޵ԶֻۣҪǣħֻǵɿ
ŴʱҲϾԼĵ¹ڣźӺΪժҰ¶ˮȻ䣬һֻ֫õؿܽߴس㱨ʲô
ɫ΢䣬ǶĹأ˴ӵ̼ɽɽ
ſǴһϮۣЩJϤӰʱ˫ĺ˫۱ŷŵ⣬ŹȵֶڲܿƵţһѹַӿΪǵһĨ
ˣڿˡ
תų룬Ǹŵߡڿŵһ̣Ŀͬ㲨Σڵ㻹ӣûô仯
ôûأ
ŲԾָӣشĹ壬ͷҲȫˣһͷ˿
޵ֻ꣬Ѿߵͷˡ
ңˣʡ
߶˶٣Ҵ˷ǰٹϵ顣
˲ɢ̶һ˿ŭ꣬Ҿѡ߲ͬĵ꣬ңһͨˣû뵽Ǵע⣡ϴ磬ĺ
濴˵ҲãħҲաƽⲻñƣѵ뿴类ħ̾ᣬ屻
ǵļŨҺθɣ綼ܣܹܵʲô㵱ȰҪʲӵСɽɣ޵ΣδµˣЩͻƲ˴˾ֻΪԼңûɵ·
λߣڣȴһֱǰԭεԳ塣
͹Ŷһͬ顢ᵤϣֻ¶Ұֱ޳Σȴɻħ˷硣ԳһҪΪɲū۷ʿĻӣɲħ˿ʼֹһСɽһȥ˹ɽ˴˶
޵ħЩӵħȫȻͬħͨ϶ħͷͨԴԴϵħɽ˶ܷ϶ЩڷģҲãҲգܲôħħ϶ͬɱ
νħ޷ͬĻԵΪԼ޷Ϊǵһˡ
ǣĵ㿪𣿡
Գ忴Լһ޶Ĳݣ֪ûͬΪ֮£ȻɽĹҲ֮࣬Ҷҳϡ
Գĳռ飬ֻһܼ֪ģɽǿϢϢءڴսǰҲ
ü̼ǵٶǰСɽһ䶼ûеĻɽ񾹼
ŻϴΣ뾡취뻻飬ܾźȥӡ
ѹʱôеҪ顭
ǹװΰˣǷܵħԳ
ŵԳΪ£кҲаеͬΪıΣԳƷͳţʮεģΪһ飬Ļڲƭ
ôʡ
Ĵħδܽǽƣ仹һطܵסǧħһСɽ
ǰ죬ĴħĶֵòС̷Ǵ·֮ʱɽܵС
û뵽СɽȻĴħгĬΣӹժǿ飬ֱӶԳ壺ȥ
Գӹ飬ſ˵ʲôֹ̧֮䣬˵ʲô׻ˡСɽܿ٣ǵôЩľϻѾͷҵǼ̳Ӿͺˡ
ϴǼ̳ƣһ֪ԳģǼ̳ƵԵʣ鵱ʱҲûô߳ɽ
Ȼ
ԳЦЦսУһûٶԣƶȥ

ѩСɽ;·еĴȥ¥աħȳÿһ´򣬱Ҫȥɨһѱ䣬˵ˣֻﶼûš
Щħڵصױ˽ǧ꣬϶ͨһ죬ܳһ⣬ڵãڣҲڣ˶ȥˣ
ħѾøð⣬겻
ħжΣһɰͷ޹ɳŵǰšͨںڣ׹°εĻ·һƶĹ餡ȻγһȦյشеħĬزҿ
ħһϮĿĺ£ɢزţ¾鱨΢У޶̫
̫Ǹˡ
ܺá
򴽣ѪĹâ֮ʳԹҪúõһˡ
ħӿ˲߻īɫݺݵسǰֻ޹ɳϣͬʱ˻ǰȥٶ˲쵽·ա
ʱʹħжαϮǰأħнٶȼһƣسԴǵķ

ֵҹĺɫϣҹɫƲȾԲ̸߹ߣɢŲʵ»ԡ
ʮ壬һž۵ӣ޹ڵʿڸ˾ְ鲻ȥ̽ˡҶ֪ڻĵʱ򣬻иѵҪ
׷ڴ̱ߴϢǰ⸱츳ֱûۿΪѩԭȵ⣬𵤻ѹһΣٶȱͨʿҪһЩ
·ˣһ·ֱ˾Բϵ֮ʱŻ᳹׻ָòΪȻ١
ԽΪΣԽҪٶ޳ǳ°ˡ
żһأλ׷ʶһ⡣
תѽΪʧͬĵطȻнҲѩԭվ
һ֣޷׷ȥԡⷦ⿪µ½󣬺Ȼ֨һƺǽŲڵذϵת黹Ÿصƣһ˫ˮӯӯС¹۴ؿͫ𶯡
׷ۼһĨϼ˰׵Ĳһ·ӵ˶⣬Ѹתȥߴ٣·á
׷˹ذѳ½ۺãЦЦɽѵϲԡİã

ղͨɽͼҵ׷ʱڵλãֻǱسɴ紫˹˭֪һҪ·
˵˵Ļͦϵģ߾һӡ
ĪشҹɾĹģȣ׵ɽˡѹ֮ǰյʱµЩǷ·Ҫ
תȻһ˿ˣеζ֪ǻǶƷɣɽͼ360ǵ3Dͷ뿴ʲôܿ
º̣˭֪ôҪ˯ˡһµؽһ䡣
ڲǰ£Լ˱裬͸ĴɫƮƬҶͨҶ裬ڳʳϣλɾȷʵûʲô̫ļӺͽϯ¿ˡ
£׷ʡ
һڲ裬ɫħϴһɳĴħǣǶԴڱصã´ħûаոɵ
׷£ޡ
Ļشһ㶣㲻ս𣿶ϴħսǼһﲻҲָɵô
ڵΪֻԪӤ

ˣǰ¸ˡ
½ϧս׷̫⣬˵ҹɾͷʵ̫ΪؾھͿԸǣħħΪ壬ֵġ
ȴһǸԪӤʿ¡
ԪӤΪս񡭡᲻е̫ˣ
˲Ĳ趼ˣòǹŸĭС²ۣ˵úɽ統ɾ𣬸û·ٰ
ʱﻹ֮سԹϿϷ˴
̫˺ˡ
˭˵ء
̫ʮӶʮ
ؼ˻˵òҿ̫ϳˡƽʱŮ˲ǾԶ֮Ů˭ۣϱӾȹ˵𡣡
̫ô֪пܡ
ͷĺߣ̲סĲյôҲôԵģ
죬ˡҧ
һֱûĺ׷ü̧
̫Ѩ˵ѽ
һһ磬ͦ
̫û뵽ȻǵĽ΢˲̹Ծ졣
׷ڴ齱߰ϵɽƽʱѽǿάϵųʶҲ֪Ȼֱ˵ʲô츳鷨
鳶ػ⣺ʵ˵ڵħĻмʤ㣿
ع㣬ɡ
龪죺ôͣȻ绹ûлָѽɻǻʵɽ̫һɱħ̷ħôѶԸô
׷΢΢ףΪֵĵˣ費˵˽⣬ֵ֪ϸġħħĲ㲻ϣֻƷ˵ʵɲ⡣
ϾͼҪһħʵȻҪƥҰġ
ǧǰһսڹԸڶ磬ûԼУɳĴħȻܿ±࣬ȻƳҵķӡڵħϢѾãʵܸܿʤ֮ǰ
꣬׷ֻնȴնꡣħûԪӤʶһ¾һĴħûʵ壬ǹ룬ˮ֡׷ʱûҵܳħİ취ɱĶֻܷӡ
Ԥϵħֻû뵽һ֮죬ǰ֪Ҳʱ·١
˼ˣ׷ƺ뵽ʲôжûнµˣ
û뵽Ȼ£һ˯꣬ڼ䷢¶̫Ҷ¡޹ڽ꣬һڵ֮ǰԼĴжϾǴ޹ڣһ޹ľ֮󣬱û˵з˳ɡ
ٶ˰ɡ˵
׷ӹһ⣬ɲ
쵽ɫԣæʣôˣ
ӡħ϶ܱǧݣάǧ꣬͹ƿԼٳٲµĵݣø·ȴĪʧѽ׷˶٣㲻ãһ̫𣿡
üƷζĻһֲ֣֮ţ˼ǣħˣҪ磿
ڣ׷ָĦŲյأѧĿǣЦƵֻҡ
ѽǱֽţ̫˵ǰһֱһյĵطܲκϢֱһɲɿܵٻűĪԴǵս
ݱÿ꽵һΣ꣬պ·ٵʱ䣬Ƕ·ħ϶Ҳܴɵڴʱ򿪡
ܾȴ֮ˣֻһλԸһѩԭȡ
ʵ˵Ҳµõս񱳺ͱӵˣۻ˭
ۻնħάƽͷҪͷ˾ƣʱսе
һʱ䣬˲žǽëַˣ֧°ͣ̽ʣҪȴ̣ˣСɽҴ򹤰ɣһͣԺн٣Σ
л˵
׷ǡȢϱ


121 
Ҳð뿪ЦĿ˵ôһ, ˽ΪԺ׷ʱյĵλӵˮ¥澻, ôܿĬĬŵСɽ
û뵽׷Цһ, űá
ʹӦˣ
, ޹ڵʿнΪ׼Ļ, ÿǧƷʯÿһƷʯ
Ҫ£սĻ, ôҪнҪЩɡ
ÿ򣿻ҸһʯҲС
̽˵, Լûʲôнڷ㹻, ǸԱ, ʯ, ҲͱڹµԱн꣬ôһ㡣
áٴӦ¡

ʱԼ׬ˣΪȻ㣬гһջָΪ˵Կħ, Сɽ綼ܺߡ
û뵽Ȼô˵ɽʱ˵, ҹɾɱ˺ݻ࣬ڨû, ͱһƳ˻, ˵Ǹ֮, ֻԶ, ˭, ǲҪˡ
̧ǰˣҡҷ£һϮѩؾ£īɢţҲůӳ±ͣáӣŻͦ޺ġ
ɼŲãҪΪ档
Ȳ뱻ȥҲΪǰŴӦǳЮͼСˡ
Ǹǰǹȥˣ㲻̫ϡ
ĿǷǶǶʵ̫ˡ
ǡһޣ
׷̧ƤеʵʵضϣĪЩȻ
ʵʵСɽ֮˯˺ܾãõ˺ܶ£Ҳ¡ҸоԼǱһˣԭѾˣǰ˵ҲѲҪˡ
֪˵ܲԽϵͳܣδκй¶һ˿㣬ˡ
˵ףǰݳΪ˵ļ

׷Ȼʶӵĸı䣬ҲΪĸıеο˵ԸǼ;͵ģĵһ͵ڶԸҲͬһڼĸŰ£ЩԱ򣬵Ȼпģڶ۰ĸĸаķΧ³Ըʻãǳ֮𽥱ý
º׷Լ·٣½ϧԸҲ޴
һָһҲǰֻҪڣǰʲôֱǶ㡣׷˵
ⷬе漰ѧ֣̽˵ˡ
˵Ǽɵģ̳ļ䣬ǰһУȫᣬ·
һʱе㻳Լڳ˯εʵ̳ļ䣿
⿪ԻֻϵͳˣϾ硣
ϵͳȷʵһѧ˼⣬Ψ廹Ψ壿
飺ʲô
ϵͳΨ忴̳ԭȫ䣬ΪļӰԸ񣬵ɷϵǣӵ飬ҲΨ忴õġ֮䣬޲𡣡
øһ˹ѧ˷ʱ䣬ֱʣ֪껹ѵ
ϵͳ粢ûʿ޵ԪӤʶԳϣЩӽ˵ꡣǱ㻯ɵģûԪӤֶ
˼һ־е㲻Ծûĸǵһȥ󣬺׷ôϳͶ̥תأͬˡ
ϵͳȻû꣬ʶӡ԰ΪıǣͶ̥ת֮ӡȻڡΪǿԿһ˵ʶӡģӡһ޶Բϴ
ԭˡ
éٿ֮ʱϵͳһذը
һɺϵ£Ӧ㣬ʶӡһģҲô˳ؽӹ塣
һӵͬʶӡʹһ˵ǰ˵ִʵҲĺ
ʵһֱЩɻΪʲôƫƫԽ磬ΪʲôɣǵﶼС顱֡
һ̣Żҵ˴𰸡
ԼΪõǴԽ籾û뵽յľȻ籾ֻĲǰǳǧԼ
鿴ڷʵڸϵͳԻĹ򣬺׷̨ϣʶʶӡ
ʶӡһ京ŵһ״ɺǧɫɫˣЩ˵ӡ״ʯЩӲݣûһ˵ʶӡ⣬˿һ۱ܹĿ
̾ûʶӡ±ˣƭ˵ǰ޹أڿǰ˼ľ᲻ҡ
еǰ⹦򻹲ôԸħ
ֳصŵĻ⣬һ´ħǣħԴǸηأ
ɵʤ̫ˣҲܰСɽѹô͵ĸϡ
֪ԼӦûһЩδħ֪ԷϸҲûҲࡣ
ʿͲָˣʱԶǿ˶ֲġʿӦĴħѣʱħܺеģֻͺ׷
ֹӦħ裬ˣĴħ߻һҪɵˡ׷
˵ѩݣ
ҿѣˣѩɽѩͶħϧһǳأ˵׼ħѳħ߹ħսѩҲܲ֡
Ҳ˵ҪӦԵĲħħҪٶԸһɡ
ͷˡ
һ֪ħѩٲȻ׶ԸһЩʱһƵļƻзٳ͡
ٿ̧Ŀ⾼ضԺ׷һƻҪϡ

ħҹ̵س£֮дħȰٲݿݣ̵Ĳݵض˻ߵĺأҶ㣬֦ϽҰ׷׸ɱ䣬Ϊһſŷ·𱻻ĿľδʮڣЩض᳤κֲ
ħʽĽ֫㡢̤ϪˮˮҲۿرûǣˮϺѸٵط˰׶ƤǷһȺĶƻĶļһǽɽÿһɽجΡ
ħ;УһƬߴһֻ֦۵Сȸ
һֻȸܵԶħһֻЩȸߴߴسһֻϳһȦëСȸԹ
ԼðվͰˣʲôҪǱħ֣Ǿ군ˣ
Ȼõĵطģһҵļƻ£ΣյġëСȸҡԴһгӡ
׷㿴ëСȸӶᣬһֻСȸӡ
һ۱ʹħǰصĸߴ̫ˣһȺ·֪ħ֮У±ͺܹ졣
ðֻ޹ɳ浱Ǻεȵͷ˳ľħ
ǴеĿ겢˳һȦȻ˳Һ󷽷һڹЫ汳ϣմĳӡ
ѩǵɽ񣬶ѩݡ
ôʱӦΪɽˣһɽ񲻱ԼͰˣǵƷ׸ħֱ硣
ֻСȸ˱ɷαװͺ׷Լ¥ȾƱǿ׳ĲԪɾ
أ鲻ԴеħˣѼƻͬ׷˵֮󣬺׷ҲȻðգֵһԡ
׷ˡ¸ѩ֮ľ룬һԵĺ׷
׷΢΢ͷٻ̫֣ҹգⱻħҹɫȾĺһյƣХʱеħͣ½ŲͻȻֵħɽע
ЩСħϵϢ壬岻ǿһЩħҲͣ½Ų߰ͷ­ҷŭغš
˸ܵ쳣һֻǽϸ־һµĸߴӴӳ˳ǰһ̣Գֵķȣüǳǲúİ棬һ̿Ʈڿз·ʾ̫ʱɫһ䣬ʱȫʧħӿ̼ͷɵУ̫Աߣܡ
ȲԼ׷㻹
ħ﷭ӿſ̹ǵĺ⣬Ҳ΢΢ŤţǧǰħǱ̫ն·𿴵˺׷ˡ
ˣҲҴ⽣⽣Ϲɽħһ¾ҪһƤ
Ĵħι״ΪħҲòȥĪǳŰ첲ֻ۾û뵽ȻǸӡ
ú㰡ëСȸԵСȸ˵

˿֮޵Уܲ
ëСȸҡԴãԽԽͷǵļƻܳɹ
ǧ겻㾹ˣԸͷڹ꣬ҲһѣòΪɳһѽסգſУһΧ̫תȦһߴƺ׷
Ȼ䣬ڰյ̫ͻȻˣֱֱسһȥ˫΢УҲ׷˳ȥ
׷˫ᣬ򱣳ȸ̬ԶԶظں档
֪׷ʶٿѱ̫ͻȻͷԼһ£ŲԶľ롣̫ƺûǸ˼ʼսгǰƿշš
أ豻̫ѾԶħ̾ĵ̡
Ҳÿû¡
˽Ϊⷲ¾ûԼȥ˵ĵط뿴⽣Ҫȥ
ֱǵ±ӰԶҹɫ֮УͲԪɾɷֳԭòħδӦ֮ʣһסԪɾýߵּܣħϿշ̼ͱƽѩݵ
ѩݴʱעҲȫͻȻ̫ǣţԥҪҪҲȥ뵽͵Ϯ
ѩ֮ʱԪڣ
Ԫɾѩĳ䣬һټĲڴͷѩͳ;һǿҲɿܵЮסβСͬƵĳ鳤״رսڣʧԭء
µħŭرѩݵЫҲڼʱﳯ˷ѣž綾βҪǮس˷
ľٴʵðգɽ뿪غʵ½һأسɴҲ޷ʹˣȫŽߵλƼܡ
һֻҵһڵƵβͬʱ뺫׷³ɣ

ѩݲ֪ԼѺڣָǷ·ƬɳĮ
ڷ֮пռʧȥΨһĹԴɽͷģﶼѣѺԭԪķ֮ͬ
ͲԪɾѾͳĺ׷ϣ˳ص˳ڡ
׷̫ҲûȥҰⶵȦӣʶ㣬׷̫ħʱԶˡ
ѩݣʶȤһ㣬úϣһ
鳯ŲԪɾںħôãӦܴ˳õϢ
ѩʶԼ󣬵ǲԻңɳϣĺǲмش˴ӡ
ߣħ´˳ǣһܲˡʶȤǣҴųȥʱͷһ˵ûȫʬ
ǲǻûʶڵĴôӲͲˣ
طͦãǺ˵㣬ħһһɱȻҳ
ͷŰ
ֻȭͷӲˣƫƫûʲô취ֱӰɱʵ̫ˣħǸѩݹʲôԻôصģ
׷ͲԪɾʹ˸ɫʾҲ취Ԫɾ̯̯֣ʾΪʷʲôģʵڲóΧڰ
Ϊһشδ˵ɽе֡
ҲӦˣ˴Χɳؿɲͨɳӣڵֱһˣпռٱɿö࣬ʱ俰һ꣬ħܾ㣬ֻ½ʱѳһѿݹǡ
׷ʱڵɤ嵭в֮⣬ѩɫ΢жݣ
ƬɳĮϵʱ򣬾͸оԼͬɳʧ޷ʵ˵ʹɷˡ
׷˵꣬пռû˶
𣿡е㲻ȷ
׷Ц£ȵȱ֪
пռȷʱٸ죬Զûк׷˵ôţһпռһ졣ľɰҲûôܰɱ䷲ˣֻʱԵʹʧѡ
Ȼѩݲ֪Щʱ䶼ûгŹ̬Ѿסˣпռûתֱ治ʱ䣬ȫȻ˺׷Ļڿռźˡ
ô˿ħĹǼƻ
Ҳ˵治֪ħƽʱǿʶƵµħ˵ҪʲôƻҲ۰ħ϶ǰͨͨ
ѩǰŵģ
鲢αȷħбôģδػȫȻ
źúõɲΪʲôҪͶħ̶˸һֱܺ⡣
պԭӴׯռūʱ㣬ѩֻºħ繴ıѾá֪ԭϲռ黭Ͷãȡ裬תͷָţʾȥ̽ѩԭȡѩԭؾʿǣһ⣬ħ϶֡
ѩݱ취һֱ͵͵ħ϶˵ħصľ棬һ붼ǶѩݵĹ͡
˵һǰżȻõһ
ѩݶ߶µؿʼͬԭһҲϲղֻǰһ̶֧ӾأһϣһųµӱӰīô˻⾳ϲ㽫鷿չ͡
˭֪һ죬ǻеӾȻתԳħ֮ҪѩΪԼ£̤ƽ磬һٻ
ѩݵʱûħ˼ҰɷħﲻˡŵֱӰѻҲҴ򿪡
ħ϶󿪣гǳرħռѩݿʼˣҳŻϵĺ˵ĳŵЧħ޷齭Ҫ˰æ򿪶ħ϶ͨȻԸΪ£Ҳǿ󣬶ħ϶֮Уֻ£ʱͲҪˡ
ѩݵʱͶҡˣɽʲôãɽɵײ㣬绹ôɫ
ħһͳ磬ɾǵһ󹦳һ֮£֮ϣⲻȵɽ㣿ҾħħԼƿ϶Ǹʲôʱܹ˺͵ɵһЩ㡣
׼ѩǣѩô˵ģЩ˳ҵأµĵʲôôˡҲ׼ǣҲ綼Ҫħ֮ڣҲøмֵһЩ
϶߶֪׷ΪʲôˣڶѩΪɱһȣӷΪݽ˵бʧȥ׳Ϊˣµĳͷأ
֪˵ˣͬΪɽķݶϣǾͷҰɡ
˵꣬ѩݾȻͼһƫͷʺ׷ɷħɻʲôͷ
׷һۣȶɳҹٻȥԪͶ̥
繻ݡ
ǻʱȰѩݹԴܳŹ⣬ٰ͸紦ΪҪǻɱ˵˽̣ѾնһλɽټһǸǱ߽ȥɱĶǸɱ֮ˡ
鿴ˣѪеػ£Ǻ׷֣ԪɾͶѩݽһѺýܲ׳ʲô
æһصСҷԺʱӹɽԳȺʱˡ
ʱָֻԳ̬֦ͷϣﱧһͷĻԲӣɢŵɫĹΡ
۾𾪲ѣԳ壬㡢飿
Ϊ̫ȣ˵Щˡ
һҪģȥںϰɡ
ԳԾ£鲻ɷ˵С
·콵ڱУģ֣ò˵ؼʱҵ޻һһۡ
ǵ±㴫ͻ˵ؽصذһ̨·ͬ־ͷ˳ȥˮͻ֮䣬߿鰴˵Ĵ򻺻תţ߲ʵĹ⻪˸һȦתĲʺ硣
ϵͳ硢ںУںϵʱãʣʱ223Сʱ59֡
ͫеӳʣ˷ܵ˸߿顭Ŷ飬Ǽˣ
Ǹܵϸ΢ı仯׷״Ӹۼ£ȴӵؽһѷΧȥ
̫˰ɣһҲҵúһţĻУֵĴ˳
Գ壬ģԳѯʵԳ壬˵λѣǲǸڹɽλţ
ϾǸϡʱҪҵһԵģҪĿɲɽͷǹɽˣɽ̺Գ˵ǱңžܺèһĽס
ԣԳһ˵ѣһӾ뵽˹ɽλš˵˵ŶԸ⽫໻ƵģԳȥһˣô׵ظûˣ
˵ѣϵһһ㣡
ʲôô󷽣Ȼϰ͸㣿ᵽ˰ԵϢҲһΧԳţһЦŴȤԳ壬ǲѽ
Գ忴ȺԵСǣεЦЦЩ°ˡ
ҪҪԳǽСɽ磬Ҳû˵Сɽ֮ǰ¡
Գ屻Сǲò䷳ֻðѸʶ飬Ϊʲô˷磬Ӵ˷£񽲻°㣬С
δ£Լҵֻ£ΧůԳɣɢĹ
ǽõԭͣҲ⣬̬Ͼ˵ԭͲ̬ñСߴСú鵱
ΪпܸоԳԹŻиģ䲻ź
Գûµʱϲ֦ϣһֻﾲطԶʱŻȻԳŵǸ򣬲ǹɽ֮
Ϊʲôమˣȴճɾ
ǵסħعƽ⣬ܽµˣ
ಶ׽ԳĹؼǶΪٳûнµݣžŭתħ
ݡ
üͷ΢׷ǰҲʹûнµˡ
粢С˵ǰ㣬һپܷɣ罵¾ǧŰپʮŽ׵ĵݣֻҪһĵݣȻͻƾ磬ɾ塣
׷˵ݱӦ꽵һΣδ£౾Ӧɵޣʧ˵ɵĻᡣ
˵˵̲̣ʿٰһǶԳ壬ޣܿܣⱲҲɲˡ
鿴ֻޣΪǳԳ塢Ͱ鶼Ǵ˺ڣɣֻһݡ
ѵһղݣǾһղܳ
ƾʲôҪ˽еУ̫ƽˡ
ûĸǣܾܿħǸϻϼңҲδػήµݣ´ʼվ͸ħûйϵ
ΪΰŽһεݣȥʱ򣬴ǲ෹Щŵ
ǧ޵ɣŵȫˣֲ֪ж롣
ۻǶ̫ʴˣӦ꽵һεݲŶԡ
ǣĪЩΪǶ׵£˵ɵҲ˲٣ʲôèܳˣ
ŵɵԽԽ࣬˿ҲڱͣЩڷŬǸܵŨŨΣСҲЩ˿ڳ籾˿ڣԶ°ŽһݵĹأ޳ɵ
ԹžС
룬߹ݲܳ壬ܳ˭缷˵˾ɣҲһסط簡۵ãֱӱ˱˳ɵȨ
Ӻ׷·͵׮£δıЩӡ󣺸ãͶܣӣħһʲôö
ȴ֪룬ԶԳɱ
ħͻήµݣ˵Ρ
ԳŻɵգĺдԵĿȻԸˡ


122 
ϣⳡսȥ, ÿһȴħ֮, ҪԴ, 컨Ȫ
ÿⶾ裬׬˳Բ, ʱҲܴ󷽵óǷ, һ⣬˵һȥ, Сɽ֮ķ羰
ȥɽȺȾ, 졣Գ̶˵δ, ʵкܶ໰˵, ֻǲ֪ôڡ
Ƕ㰡, ڱۼµأ
ۣͫҹɫǳǳһֽ𰡣
ϻ˵һȥֽ𰣬ΪҪƾչؾôˣħ, Ҳûȥֽˡ
ð죬ҴӦ, ЦۣͷóĽ, ǵԭĸֽ, ʱ˭ɵ~
ǱȻӿģ
Ѻ, ⻹, ɵߵĿ϶Ǵģ
Ҳп, ԽխܵҲԽСԳ˰ɣֻ˵û˵죬~
ʲôѵģѺԳ壬һٿһٽۣ
Ѻע
ǿɲҸ˵ֽ⼼ɵģֽ״йأҪǻᳶ߷ߣȴħҺúøǴڴڼɡ
Բ֮£Цһţһֱĵ˺
Сɽ͵ķΧûά̫ã֮ħͦԴǽء
ħգǰһĴħܱ˵Ĳб˳ϣͣͻѾԶԶؿԴһƬĳǽ
ħձ̫ŵɽȥµħ㱨˵ѩݱץˡ
豾Ϊ׷׵ؾ͵Լû뵽ǵĿ꾹ȻǶѩݣȻЩϷˣߣδϡ
ѩݱħ϶ӣļֵѾեɣ㲻Ƿ²һ죬Ҳжĥɱ¿߶ѩݣûƻø׼ŭ
̫ȻĸУħڼٹԴǽ⡣
ħԶԶȥǽ֮СڵƶħĲԱսʤǼΪ̣׷ʶЩСڵࡣ
ܳԵˣ
ѾõħǷ·ᵽѪζǣһֽŲ÷سǽɱȥ
ԴǸ۲ħǰСӣȻħϮϢǰڳǽźѹѹħ
ĴħѰܱħ˭
ղһسǿıˮһսˡ
ҪôȫûԴǼܹʮħ֮ҪôסǽΪ᧿Σķסһ⡣
쿴ö棡
ҵĹԹүôǴðģ
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ڣ½ϧݣԺأϷҪСɽ򹤣ɵгһգܻصָǾңɼĽ֮ϣ뿪صĵɣ֮֮ϷݵλСɽô
鲻ȷ
˼ˣһƿ̫Сǣ˿ڣƺһҧסǵЩ׵˫ýЩʪֱ¡
ᶼ׳ˡ
ΪʧѪɫǳĴһĥ£Գ˼ֺɫһ˿ڣǺЦ񣬱ҩá
߷ߵؿߣ׷㲻ҪΪ˻ܵôˡ
⵹ǣ״ܸ֡
Ļþۣ㿴ƵЦָԼҩιҩһʱûܿƵסȻҪֵͣҲıѾá
ͷո˿Ѫ׷һʱҲ㣬ҿԵûзǣŵĽ͡
׷üʲôеûз
˶٣˿ٿ־½󣺡ģұø㣬ǾԲ뿪СɽģҲȥ磬ںڻüûǸйͬһ¶ˮԵҺ˽ģռرأǳûͱҡ
΢㣬üšһ˫ˮͫգҲδգرǰӣԹ۵ĽǶȿڶͼı졣
һһ٣ѻ˵úһ˶˷£ֻѾù廨ֱҵǽͷʾȥˡ
ֻԼ֪ŻͦǸǵģԼףҲ㲻˭ᱡ˭
Ѿò
䣬鿴׷˫İٿһһŵУæֳڲϯϣ֮϶ѹ˿ڡ
ֻѹֵҧһʱ𡭡ǵͿңǵͿ㣿
ǰΪ鰮ֻ޽ģ·ҲΪ֤ȻһǸ½ϧ껹ǲɱϲ׷׽鰮ͻΪҪ֮ˣеĽŻᱻ壬ӳǿ
֮ǰʶܴΪѣþ಻ȫʢʱڲܻʹһ콫նɱ
ǰ̫ԸһȻ̤һ
Һ˵Ҫ磬˵ɾݣǸʧػطΣ㻹ǲģ㣬ͳ
֧ӣҪȥ÷ڴߵΪ˻ԲҪ˵ɾݺٻֻҲͬŮ㣬Ҫһŵͱ֤ᶨЩҪ׿˵С
ػӣµ˲ʵزˡ
ǼǸûþĲ«ưĴǣ˲ըëԵĺ׷ŭƽʩ˽á
סĶˣ˭ûע⵽ķ϶һɫ½ǡ
ûвplayİãòȥͰ׸ˣһ䡰ȺúЪϢˣȥǽ㾶ֱ
ܵüʶسɴ磬գۼ䵽˳ǽߣŷӦسɴ磬˵ϵͳˣ
ϵͳҲװʵʮǰѾֻרעؽнˮΪûд㡣

飺ҿлл㰡
ϵͳϲںɣؽһԴĴ𡱣ɹ弶أһԸɽ񼼡سɴ硱֪
سɴ磺˲䵽صص㣬޼ȴʱ䡣
֪﷢һжӲ۾ʱڵκξ󡣡
鿴»Щ֣ⲻ൱ڰɽͼֱתɽˣ൱ɶҲûǲ̫ˣ
ϵͳոɱħĻ汻ؾУҹɾɱħ׳ٽڽ󴫱䣬ֵһǧ򡣡
ϵͳɽϵͳѳ񣬽һСʱ뿪λ档һСʱڣһʱ̳ʣֵ
һҪ뿪ˣ
ϵͳǵģλѾɣѾٻȥλ棬Ѱһǳлϣҵҡ
Ҳ̫ͻȻˡ
ûϵͳ뿪ѹյɽ񼼻ϵͳڣͬ裬ûϵͳ޿ȡ񼼡
˲˹ȵףûϵͳ˵ʣһСʱʱ䣬ѹѹֵҪꡣ
뵽ʱڷħ񣬷ס̫ãҪ⡣
ûпԳħĵߣʡ
ϵͳУҪɱħֻҪһ֮ˮۼǧֵ
ΪԼˣ٣
ϵͳ֮ˮֻıڵλѾħȾû֮ˮڣԱϵͳֻܴλȡۼ۸߰

ǹ󲻹⣬þȫҲ⡣
ϵͳҲʶ㣬úĿ˵ֳɫԸֻۣҪһǧ߰ʮǧ˵ֵ
ۿ۴ûǾ׼պȫֵ
˼£ǧ¸ؽһͿ̿ĲҾ硣һǧ꣬Ϊλ˵á϶һͺ׷ôһɱĵڰҲ˯ȡ
Ǯû
˵СɽʯȪʯֲȫԼҲҪٶһʲôˡ
飺ǾͶһһ֮ˮɡ
һǧֵ˲һֻСƿװһ͸κʵˮ
ϵͳʣûжһҪʲôԸ𣿡
飺ˡ
ϵͳõģϵͳѾԴ򿪿ռ϶ʱƽȥ
ҡͷҵԸϣ
ԼԸĬһ顣
ϵͳ꣬û˵ǲΪʲô⡣
ϵͳ㡭ȷҪ㲻һֱصԭλ棬Ĳһ룿
ϵͳȻֻ˹ܣûϲŭֺͬģ֪жؼңôȥѰгһգܹصԼԭ磬һлص졣
ᶨˣˣ
ϵͳȻԣƺðɡ
ϵͳ䣬ƶˣֻһ̶֮һƵĳݴֱشڽڹٵشֱ쵽Сҷ嶥Ȼɡ
սϣ˻ӦսŲħʱȫ콵ע
ʲô
óݰһֱ쵽ȥˡ
Ѳǵݣ罵µˣ
ǲΪɽսʤħ罵µˣȻôոպõСҷ嶥
ɽ꣡
Сɽʱ綼ܿߵһˣһ״Ĵݣͬ˷ʥΰ·顣
ǧ֮ĹɽɽͷˣŴؿݣѹѾõ£૵ˣûƭҡ
ʱ˿̵磬صݵһԣСȻоһ𶯣ԺۣݻúõرִµķӡţǷĵת˸˯
Ŀⲻ䵽һ̹ŵۣȻƴػͬڴ͵һȥۣôƽ׶࣬һݰ

ϵͳܽƻջأԶֻҪΪﵽ˾ԲʿԵϴݣ޵
ڵ֪ƿʱԼݵ뷨Լ츣˵ķ˸񣬿ǵŵõˣǱˣѺ
Сɽʮ꣬ҲϰסزؼңѾûôҪˡ
Ȼ뵽һ⣬ħѱħ϶ڣǻԴԴϵħ϶ô
ϵͳھǵ֮ˮ
ϵͳĻѷ޴һ϶ͬʱƿһ֮ˮ˽ȥħʱ·һˮһự˲ɢһɶʣ
ͬʱսϣͻȻǰһ뻹ڸƴֵħһȫĪԷǿʼڻɵë׷׵䣬ħƤ䣬Ѿȥħʬ壬̼ȫΪһ翵İ̡
սΪ֮һ壬ؼ䰲ˣ·ħδڡ
ʿǵϻˣϻմѪǽϻצۣǶҪΪһΡ
ϵͳħħԴħȫ֮ħ񱻳ħʧȥԭԴҲű𡣶ħγɣҪʱ˺ͣҪģλ治ٴħ϶ﵮħˡ
ϵͳ˵ģѹЩħĺϻر׷նɱħҲûԭħ㲻ȡĶҲѹеһͳ硣
лģɱԼֱ޵еĴڣϧϧ飬һλĸ߿ƼֶΣĨɱĴڡ
֪䣬һСʱѾˡ
ϵͳлһ·֧飬ɢʱδڣףδ˳˳죬ƽϲ֡Ϊϵͳķ֡
Ǳ֣Ǻ
˵ãϵͳûٻӦĬٻϵͳ塱ΣʲôҲûг֡
ϵͳ뿪ˡ
ָоһʶõԶȥ޹ڡ
ʱģֻϵͳִ֪ˣҲֻϵͳżĳͷĴ棬һһ۵ؽʡ
Լȴһָ룬ظָȷķ򣬶ͺͳͷҲǡô֪ʲôΪʲôΪ
統֮ŭʱѡɱܷ򸾣ƽϢŭ𣬻ʱǧֵ͵ʱˡŵȴֵһγ鿨
ˣڶسսΣͷҲкܷ󣬾Ҷһס̷ȡʱ䣬һǽܾܿͱ̷Ƶˡ
ϵͳȻʲôȴһεߣʲôһɽӦġĳ˵ѣʦ
˶ΪݵĽ¶ʱֻһʣ߶һлл
ԸлϵͳȻܻڹؼʱӣܰСɽӪڵģ
뿪ˣҲһ£ȥѰҸҪˡ
˸Уˡ֪ɽ񼼣ܸоں֮ϵǰδеĳ棬ҲԺĵؽ߿ΪһһѤ߲飬â֮ҫۣɽ񼼸ſ޷ӣɢŵŨĵؽѸˡ
̶ǣ˷֧ȥƷ塣ƷԭרΪŽɽ壬Žڣð˼ѡַڴˡ
ںϺĵز
鵤ϴˮʮһƬػڵصȼţٲҪγɻɽҽ緢˳ֻٶǣһػֱȥ̫ɽֱõص׵Ŀγ֮;ػĺ濾õĿʯƷʻӾ
СɽҲǱĬʱ˱仯Сɽضѽκֲأ²ýˮ׳ɳ
洿ǴӽµÿһأɽÿһƷ磬ÿһƬҶɢ᳹ءħƻɻĵصĵطۿٶȳ̲ݣ»
ĲΧӰĴǳʲԲȦ״ݼģкСɽڵɽͷմ˹⣬ɽҲܵ
ҵָúÿ죬֣ûгԲ
ʿǷŸħս꣬飬Ȼ֪ħΪζȻԭʧˣָطָøؿ죬·˵ҩ
ҲǣͻȻȳ˲ǻ죬ʲô£ǲҪƾˣ
Сɽˡ
һĥ̽ڷ࣬¼ˣ׷ױ档
ҶŻǰ̳ײǽħǣȻϷؼʧΪǲթضһֱ紵ɢͷֵƣΥůչÿһϣŨ׵ӵ߿ŵѪ
һ̣Ҷ·صʮǰûħʱʱɽֽô
ȷħһ޷ķʽͳͳɢʱ˰ѳŴ󿪣˶ӳＤس˳ظ裬ʿ໥ӵᡣ
ʹѣѪλӰǿޱ߼ʵĲݵأʻֲûħֵı̿
սˡ

ԴǺŴϯͬף֮׵ʤ
Ƿ׷óĴǻ˼Ҳܾһ¥ǹҳʾѿڲسսʿǡһعصأǱȳﻹҪ֣ҶǷյļڡ
£ŲֿʯȪĵãֻҪսɱħܵõ÷ֵһݽ
ȻظֵģɽˡǰϹ̵»ԸʮĳӣûϵͳҲͳƲӶٵֵֵس˳Ĵڣһ
ǿҵ㲻ɽҲظоõůڵģÿһ߻᷺һ⡣
òǹ£
˵õ㹻Ĺ£Żᱻ㻯ɣ˺ţҲ⹦¸ˡ
СɽڵķΧ鲻ߵᱻһȺǰӵΧסҲȥȶ֮ǰǵԼСҷ嶥Ϸŷݡ
úͰ鶼˷ܣһһֻֽòֺԼɣߣݸߵƲʣȻȶ̣洫߷úܣݵĸ߶Ȳ£ԳҲѵõķΣȺСЦ
ֻаһˣĬĬ£ǻЦûҪ˼
鷢쳣ֽ֣Ըģôȴȱȱӣ
Ŷֽȥò˵ƽ治ֽΩΩФƬñֽһģͷϵ״һģһ
ֽĽЦʣôȥ棿
ȥеơ
鲻ã
̧ĬƬ̣򴽵ҿˡ
ȹڣ˳Ա£ʣʲôˣ
Ǹ촵
һᣬˤϡ
л˵
ϵͳˮΪ
ࣺ촵
飺Ƕ
ģ̫棬һ·²ܽĪţҪü·⣩


124 
黺, ǲ촵ֲ֪νͣϰγ۾, һֻ̻СӵĴ
ô, ಢǵµСˣҲ, Ϊ໥ﰮķʽ
Ǹ, ǲǾͲϲˣ
ҿɲԻһԸ
ഹ۽ޣ˵, Ҳֽ, Զһ𡣡
һ㶣̶, 俴޵˳ӵ, ʱԺ˼άǸͯһ
ָ˸ķ, ǳЦԸǻԶһ𰡡
Ȼ̧ͷɫͫʲŵطģ
ɵɵѽɽ񣬻ȥĶ, ԺҲҪСɽ
࿴İοŮ, ֹ
ɲϲһߣ, ߵ, ̫, ʵֻҪ쿴, ͺܿˡСƴ, ޷Ǿվһ𣬿˵뿪СɽƺҲûбҪˡ
ӵɽ񼼵飬ȻȻ˰û˵ڵ
һ㶣֪˼
üĿ£īѩɫǶʱ˭Ҳԭһݺݵ
һӾ뵽˳ʱߵֻʣһķӵǷﶥʱһۼ˱
޴гᣬѳĵһ˵ԼˣκܵõΣǱܷĸ壬ܳΪȫԼкܳ·Ҫߡ
࣬طǰѭѭƵԺСɽȥʶأҶ֧㣬ѾǵСˣԵʣӦһ磬ǿ϶ҪǵģɲΪˣֻΪԼ
ħ伸ûʲôΣգСɽǶȥ磬լڼġ
ƺĻûȫ˼
Ȼɣǡ
ɡֻҪ߹ݱˣ
ţ£ʱҴߡ
ѾСɽһֻ޵ɣһݡ
һɫӰһһ֮䣺ιܱܲŰ˵ʲôĻ
ųҲ˹ٹһ͵ˣûˡ
Ҫ绹ף
Цеش˸ָƷķǣһߣ˲һǿ紩Խɽֽ˷ϣ˲嵽еֽ𰶼ߡ
۰ףƫģ
࣬𣬾ҪôߡֻܷҡֱϣڣԶҪĻˤ
ֻֽ𰱻ͬƼƼ䴩УչŮϵЦݽģͬεĽ̺ͳյġ
ձ۵׻ȻĹ⣬̧չ£ӹḶ̌ѷ߷ŵúܳܳ
гһҲһ˷ϣΪΪӡ
వŵš

Ƿ˼죬ʵǶ㲻ȥˣҶ͸λ޶ſһսܽᡣ
Ҷɤӣǹõ¡
ԴǵĴ󲿷ֳҲǴӱѶûħǲؼأԻصԵļ磬ڰٷϴˣֻʣһħݲйĿճǡ
ٲֳѡɽȥ˼½裬ڶɽȥǻǲʿ棬Ӧ޽򣬵ĳԴǣӦǣ
ʵƶȰɣ˵ԤеԺӿԴǵ˻ԽԽࡣ
ԴǵˣϾһسİǣԺܵĸԺҪԴǾסԱߣڳ꣬Դ仧ֱӹԴеķܻ
ֱӰִĻ߼򻯺˹ʥأ޷һ硱ĸ˿ļʶϺܶ࣬ԺȻٵɮٵľ棬һУıż
Ҷ͸λǶһۣ취ãҪôŬҪôǮ򷽱㣬ɽǶյ⣬ͽˡ
ǻɽڳſʯһɽĵ񡭡Ҷ˵
ɽ˰ɣ鲻ͬüĲѾһٽһǽģҪʯǮյ𣿡
ҶûΣɵЦ£ڵԴȷʵ̫ǮˣÿճʯȪⷿѲˣǲⷿ
ܴħлм飬Ϊɽʲôܾòġ
ɽﲻԸ⣬Ҳֻա
СɽӵзΨһһݣδƱػźʹʿˣɽҪѵ޳𣿡Ͻʵ
ڵݽµһ̣ϾһشľҪŲ޹ڣڵҲţ޹ڳϡ
Ȼְλǽˣеڴˣ޹һΪһţһţµһڵĳϣĸߣҲö˵
ˮںͬΪһͶСɽţԱȸǿңиݴʱ˼ܷ֮ء
ݱˮεҲͬ⽫Ų޹ڣˣ壬Ҳࡣ
䲻֪ɵݵģҲǸ˺ܴĴۣ˼ҪҪյݵƱѣɵĶǴʿҲǮµһɣոһǧʯ׬˰
޳š
ܼᶨ˵ʿɵĻ׬ǮζͱˡϵͳԸ´ݵĳԣΪı׬Ǯ
䣬ڳ˶ľ֣֮ϵıҲʧ䣬·ʮڵ̻
ͼôǣԽݲշѣǿԷչܱ߲ҵཨջ¥޷Ƥս𣿡
ǰ˵ĻأڷˣʿסСɽҪô޹ڣҪôɽϻؽ޶
ԴֻӣƤƤȨֻ顣ЦĵƤǻǮ򵽵ģЩʿס徻һЩɽϿٶ۸͸ˡ
һϯඥ˻Ȼʡ
ˣɽҼ̲ȥѡһЩλãǰװٺãʱ޳ȥ
ţЩĽ첻ƻСɽ̬ŨȼԶ²ͬ۸񣬾ϸԼɡ
һСɽδķչƻҪΧʿаǴɵһ
粻бСɽŨʺĵطˣ΢Щҵ׵ʿѡСɽⶴһ·ڣóűǵݡʵ൱ڷתվҾ罵һҲӰ죬ֲǿ׬Ǯ
ˣԼԽԽһˡ
˷ܵΪԴǵδıߵͳǣ㱵ػԼԽСɽĵһ죬һ߶Ŷӣһ߹ԼɽǰµԸ
ԸɵйĺٶоƺȣҲչ
ڵڳ˵εԸ񣬾ȻҲʵˣδƺѾûʲôĿֵȥ׷ˣ
ָоʵǡ
̫ˣ
̴ľĸϣ˿Ĵ裬˫Ժľͷ㣬ľͷƽ
ҪʲôĿ꣬ƽֲ

ˬյһա
Լãһͬϵݡ
ʱ鿴ͷݣһһ̾ôô
¶ͷıѾ鸡Ѿʼˣ⻹˲һ롣
СɽֻлõΪɣҲһʱֶ˰꣬ͬҹԼյĶbian٣da£Ҳ㣬ͻ˻δԲվͱקݡ
жΣͰ࿴пɣúѾ۵˵Գ͹ŵٶȶѾǣʱֻԶԶؿЯԶȥıӰ
СʱүүȥɽԼԶһ
ΪȣΪȽŲأû뵽¥ȽವģԿ
ݳֻޣȻС
鳯࿴ȥ׷ѳͦΣÿһߵУģγĶԱȡ
Ƕ˰ɣоǲһ
˵ãߵݸǴۻһ֪ͲȺڣǰſڵǶá
̫ˡ
أס̶ת޳ָʽָ䣬ʮָۡ
ƫͷȥҴߡ
רע£ӿȪѨֺ˳ɺܶ࡭
ĵºųĥı룬ôǣţİ취ǳǳһûôˡ
ʱȥĽʯʹѾǰ
ǧŰپʮ壬ǧŰپʮ
ҧ˻ߵصʹһӵӥǣŵס
ǧŰپʮţ
һƽףúͰ嶼ͬһʱ鳤θߣգۼ̻ûΡ
黯κ󣬹ȻǸˮСϸĳԵ׺׵ëΣϸЦ
ãôκ󣬻ôôûС׸أ
鿴ߵ̫ʵûסЦէһһߣԲ۾־ԵĴǳɫľһĨףʮĺӡ
ë̫˲øʲôŨĲǾ
黹ٴȤü䣬俴ʱ˶ʧסˡ
׷ڵһɲǣòЩı䣬ȫȻȥɬͷͼ򶼰θ߾ЩƵںīüͦǱԨsţâ̧й⣬˲ֱӡ
ֱһ̣׷Ǵӡȫָ֮ǰսλ
鶨ס˺˷ۺݹð
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ֽĳ࣬ʵ̫նտء
½ϧȻҲͦ˧ģԭûȣ˲任˸ѵļӸС
Գ͹ѾڽʯԵˣ˶ʮ꣬۽ǵϸƺͷƶࡣԳֱۣһԶޣ翵ٲȻѵɳɹˡ
һ´ӵôˣؽʯ鿴ɻôɻϼҴڵģֱ߽Ϻ׷Ŀ⣬ʱһæ񣺡ѡҹɾ·ٻˣ
š
ˣ
ؽ͵ǡҪҰȥͨһ𣿡
أȻһȥ׷
ԳǼ˶ûı£ҲͲҪȥֻԵ߸
·ɾ֪ҹɾѣһΪ·һ߽ķ顣
ʱӹ羰ɫõĻϻӴ󿪣һ·ֹͣҿķ羰Ҳôûмǰãã
ǰСɽ峿Ҳô׵ﻹˡŸ͵
˵Ĺʽͦ£ȥҲ޹ڵʿǷŽϼ
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