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: ˵Ǻɽ
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׾ƾѧһ֣ӵ˵ǹ൱˳˳ˮֱһභʱմңĪԽһɽѧ
ԭΪȥԭ
ӴԺżҶ⣬ָһҵˣҺӶ˻꣬һˡ
׾ƾƣС˼С˼
˶ŷغһСʦԲﶼ֪Ĵÿﲻ
ֱĳһգ￪һһ˳źŮܿˣȴ׾ƾƱһȺΧźʦ
ˣ
ΪļǧܷܷΪԼƧĻӪԴǣɼǧ𣬽ȴǧò˵ɼҲһһŵǣҪʶһĴϹϾȦĵǶ̬ǡ
ܷܷô£ôоһӹı
׾ƾƣ٣6
PS:
1ص͹ҶǼܿ
2йְԱģ
3ѧȫܿձ죬񿼾
༭V~


1 
Ӵҵүĸǧ͵ҹԺôһ⣬ģʮ˴ûҵⰡüʮǮ
峿͸ڴСׯѰ׾ƾƵģ֦ͷߴߴǸŴɱĺ
׾ƾƴ˸Уۣ̾ϢŴӴĶͷŰɫɴ˿ڵʵʵ
ˣô˯㣬Դ۲ˣ迴
һƿľţ׾ƾƾֱŨŨĸ¶ɿɰЦҡҡͷ裬ûˣⶼϢüˡ
ôһӣĿܺô죿˲ϵˮգũԵñδֲڵɴԵС̽Ķ֮ɫҺô·㣬ȻզϧűӽȥȥˣȻ軹úúлл
Ϻޱİ⣬׾ƾƱĸ첲˽չЦգȴ΢΢̾˿
ΪŮ巽滹棬ǡ
׾ƾԭѧһ֣ӵϿ˵͹ϵ
κͻֹΪУȻҪԼĹȣһҹʱմңĪԽͬͬգǳöǳƵŮϡ
ֻİ׾ƾƷѩޣڵɰͰ͵ĶѿˣͷɿݣƤƣڶżƾɵľ˺üӣ۵ϡҳԼĺۼ󣬰׾ƾҲϡˡ
Ȼ˸ͬͬͬ࣬ѹϡ
Ȼ磬Ǻôϵɴڣ׾ƾȥΪӪƵɫ¶ķɫ
ͺɳ飬ȥ˻ҳ¶׵ڡ
ԭڰæȥɽϴݵʱһСĲƫˣˤɽߵؿĵʯͷһغ
·żæ˹
Ǹʱ򣬰׾ƾƵҲպýڣںϣԭļ䣬Ϊİ׾ƾơ
Ϊ⣬׾ƾ˽ﻹصΪԭ䣬ҲԭҪ߳ɽϴѧøĸٳԿԸ
Ͼѧ磬ǽ
˼ҵ壬ҲҪѭ
Ȼ׾ƾѺ۾ԭĸĸ֮ͷ֣ԭûκεѪԵϵԭļУûܱ˵ģϾũ壬ܻССµ˼ҵ̸̸
ȻҲųԭĸĺܺã˸Ͳ֪
ʲôԭ򣬰׾ƾƻǻѭԭԸúõǵŮ
裬ŴڳЩʲôеô죿֪ĻΪͼɱˡ
۸ڣҡͷ̾˵ǹԺⱻ͵ˣóءǲ㳳ˣũķӻϸýԱ߳ʲô£Ҳһ
׾ƾƴ˸Уðɣ⼸˯ö࣬Ͼ𡣡
Ǳ£û뵽ŴԼڵغ˹ǲ͵ġ
׾ƾƣһס
ǼҾƾˣöⲹôôһƬ⣬͵ġƾ⺢ӣԭݲëѾͷһСѩѩ׵ģǳҼԳģôģ
׾ƾƣ¼ˡ
Ҳ˵ǽնģ˵Ѿڼüˣǳ׻ģҲҵûκιϵ
ŴȻ
׾ƾƴӹļе֪ԭĸĸΪԸȽϺƣԾڵŴ۸
һŴҲ͵ף׼Ҳ磬ԵĻܺƤа׼⳥ʧ⡣
Ҳǵһˡ
⻰ɲ˵ǲŲ˼ҶǲĶˣԼˣ
Դǣֻһ˵ǴˣôùһֺŴ
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Ŵһɵؿ׾ƾƣ˵ʲô
׾ƾƸһŹϵȷʵΪƽʱ߶߶ȥƽʱҪæ֮⣬ҺٽӴò
׾ƾһࡣ
˵ŸҹϵҲı½ңҵ˭͵ģˡ
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׾ƾ£ҵġ
عͷ߰°ͣº͵Խϣ΢ĿϿȥ˼
Ŵ̲סֹʲôʱ׼ôСѾͷƬӿȥôһˣ
ҵϱ͵ġ
һʯǧˣ˷׷׽ͷӶĽŽɣ׼ڴǳӣ£϶͵Ŵ⣬׾ƾǴС󳤴ģԸҲ˵ѡ
ҪǣϾһģȻ֪ŴĶϱżҰûٸɡ
Ᵽ뻹õġ
ŴɫҲѿһ˲䣬ҶϱëҲ֪ģΪûҵĶҲŴҲֻǿͷ˼
ڶĲһǺü⡣
ԼҶϱҲ
ŴĶϱȴǱһ𼱻ǵ˳׾ƾѾͷɱϹ˵ҿõģԹ˵Լѧŵı£ҿװŪ
׾ƾƵĿŴϱϣܹһ㣬Ī̵Ů˲ֱӡ
һСѾͷƬôȥôˣ
ǰ
ѵǴѧʲôԵˣ
ܼ򵥣Ǵ岻Сʱ·̣ϳĻ죬ʱȥһҾˡ
ô⣬϶һӾͳˡ
Ů˵˰ףȴѼӲƾʲôģ
׾ƾЦˣӭ⣬˿һ㱣׼СѾͷʲôʱƯˣ
ǲ飿ĻΪʲôҴȥҲ
ǾǣõĻʲô
ܱߵĴҲ壬ֲ´󣬻Ƕ˵ǰŮ˴żöңŴ﷢֣Ȼ׷£ŴԽջ
ݺݵصԼҶϱһۣŰ׾ƾưŰɵһȥ
׾ƾûһźƺƵֵĴһȥŮ˵ҡ˴塣
л˵
~
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2 
ⳤĶд˴ĴҲú棬׷̽ͷʵǷʲôҪȥĶ
µĴͰѸղŷ˵һ£˴ĴȻŴȵҾ˵ƽʱٵĺܣôϾȻôһ͵õİ
ҾŴϱĹ
ŴȻǰ棬Ҳ˴֮ĶԻûļˣһѾק˸ƨɺ棬ԽɫԽ׵ңĹôһңҲ˵һǲƽʱҲ㣬͵ű
ʱұ۵ĵ⣬޵ĺò˵Լˣǹϲ͵ңԭ
ôǼСܲˣߣۣƼ⣬ˡ
Ҳߥȥ׼µģϾ׼Һ۸׾ƾָˣҪ
˭֪Ȼô׾ƾǸѾͷˣ
Ӵι׼ѾͷǾˣȻı㵽ˡ
Ľ˵ʲô
Ҳ°˳ѾͷϿŵ⣬ԽŻô˵ġСѾͷƬôôͣ
һ˶ûƼôСѾͷˣ

ҪŴϱˣ׾ƾǣŤͷŰˣԺҪҪֽ֮ģҡ
ҲΪʲô׾ƾƻŴһ˵ԭ
ʵǰ׼̫ˡ
޶ũٷСɽ壬ûʲôľԴ԰׾ƾȻҪæһ׬Ǯ
廹ǸȻǲ򹤣ֻǸɻϱС
ǰ⣬׾ƾǲмһˡ
ڣʱͬˣҲҪΪǮ
׾ƾ¶һûô󲿷ִⱾ¡
Ͼ׾ƾǴСģҲû˵ⷽ츳ѽ
һǰµϡǶŲһ칦ܱ߼Ӧö֪ǴŽ̻˰׾ƾһֵı¡
ڰ׾ƾƵѧɣ˵ϹǾ߼߼ˡ
׾ƾҲڴӡ󣬵ԺҪȻ
˵ˣպȻǻõԼѧ֮ԺҲ͹ˡ
ûǵˣ׾ƾƴشӣȥҿ֣Ʊһ˺սɲúúÿ
س̵ʱһرʾô֪ŽЩ׾ƾƷ粻֮࿪ʼƣΪҴûи˵ѽұ˵ģ˵֮ǰСѹס˵ұûѧ֮ǰҲױ¶ˡҪǽԣҿ϶Ҳŵġ
ŶŶ˼뵽Ůղ˵ѹסæֵǵڴҶ֪ˣ᲻Ӱ죿
׾ƾЦеûѧ֮ǰܻᣬŮѾʦˣȻᡣȻĻҲ˵ҡ
ظǾͺãǾͺá
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СҼҵģӴЩǲã֮˵˶Ǽɵѡ
׾ƾƱĸ첲ǵػΰΣ裬ûµģҸſɲһҿ϶ҵİΣЦ
ǸϽؼһְڲ˵ؽˮӦÿˡ
Ҳתעӿ˽Ųԣҵ緹ء
˻صҵʱ򣬸Ƽ׸ԭˮĸŮڼңԼʼˡ
׾ƾƣ׸һЦµڵϲµĺۼÿһ·дŶ԰׾ƾƵ۰
ô´ˣ˿ڻ۲ۣղȥˣ
׾ƾһЦְ֣ҵ˺õòˡ
˳ŰѸղŷ˵һ£׸̲סһӣżԽԽˣҼˣòײģȻ˵ǳҵ⣬ϱһֱżҰҡ
ҲҽôȥˮˣҪҲȥĻɲô۸ǡ
׾ƾæǰοڴ˶֪ŴĶϱĺˣһҾǲ෹Ц㣬ǲһʶ˵֣࣬ﶷĲС
׸ŮʻЦʶҲ¶ЦֱӺȻһ׾ƾƸղ˵ĸѧµ飬̲סüͷԭ̧ͷƱԵԽԡ
ôû᣿
׾ƾְѸղŸ˵Ƿ˵ó׸һ죬֤ԲκӰ죬ֻż׬ѣҲܱԼˣǺ¡
ʱ򣬰׸̾˿ǰְûãСС;׬Ǯ
׾ƾȣʾⱾ£þ˷ˣ׬ǮӦǺ
ѵְ費Ӧÿ
һͨ׸ޱЦ˻Ҳֻȥˣɴ˿ɼ޶Ůĳ衣
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ϾԸĸİû
緹֮󣬰׾ƾƱʾԼҪѧУȥϿΡ
׸ܾ֮ǰ׾ƾȱʾѾĲˣٲȥϿεĻ¿γ̻ºܶࡣ
ʵĵڶ죬׾ƾƾ˿ڣٻָֻŵǣٶȡ
ڼ죬챻ѹɴϢ׾ƾƶԼҪùˣԻǵøϽȥѧУ
һ˵ѧҵϲϣֻʹͷӦ
ϣСɽкüСʱĳ̡
ͨǰ׸һֳ͵վ㣬Ȼ׾ƾٳ˴ͳȥѧУ
׸֮󣬰׾ƾƱ˴ͳ·ǳĵ׾ƾڴ˶ҡΣЩθ
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ͳͣ½ӿ͵ʱ򣬰׾ƾƸϽ̽ͷ˿һʿżһ̧ͷƼ˶иŮѧһʹͷʬһţŨŨ
׾ƾƻϸͳȴûһ򣬾ͽŮѧ
׾ƾüͷֻ˻ȥ
ѧϵУϵһӦͬѧУġ
ͬѧУͺãлġ


3 
׾ƾƱ˽ңʱѾͬѧ׾ƾƽʱ򣬻ڣŮ
׾ƾƣ
һۺѺöļУ⼸һֱǰƤĴڣòѧ
׾ƾûᣬԼλϣȻԱСͬѧǲߴ༶ˣ
׾ƾƣ
Ťͷһβ㣬ԲԲƻŮ΢΢һЦӨļ·ᷢһ㣬ǰ׾ƾư

ŵصһ׾ƾƣǰ׾ƾƣ
ŵõԼ࣬һܺĿģ
ɴ۾ϸش׾ƾƵһŷŮȷʵǸǸ󻰲ͬ񣬵һͬ׾ƾһֱǸӪɫƵģôûͰ˲֪ٸȡ
ȥ⼸ȥ𣿡
ʶѿڶһ뵽׾ƾƵļҾ־òܡ
ȫͬѧ֪׾ƾũ壬趼ũģһҳʱ򣬾׾ƾƵļҳᡣ
ҲΪǴμҳᣬϵͬѧ֪ԭ׾ƾƼô
԰׾ƾƾԲȥġ
ʳöһˡ
˵Ǿ仰֮͵Ļ˻֣ܣܣԲȥġô׳ˣ
⼸ѵǸԼȥˣ
ܱߵͬѧЩİ׾ƾƺͬǳ𾪣˽ͷӶǽŵĿͶǡ
ĸ߸ߵģ
׾ƾһ鱾һ߽͵ĩʱɽݣһСˤһӣͷĵˣڼ
ƺתԾͻϿˡ
ڷɫΪ⼸ˣĺãӪˣټûȥɹ̫Ҳ˰ɡ
ԭ֮ɫƣԭҲΪӪϣټϴСŰ׸µԸײ
Ȼ׸ԭµأԭĿôۣƽʱżٶܼذǸɵ
˵ôֲܲڲأ
˰׾ƾƵĽͣκģ׵ĺ氡ƽʱǵöԼ̭Լ
ͦõġ
ôܲأ
۵ؿŽߵΪȥϵƣԽͨ͸ϸ壬ԱòҲԽıݰе쾡¡
˵İ׾ƾǿɳĺ飬ֲ͵ĺ飬ôڵȥɫǣӨйչֳ˲侪ڳˡ
һ˻ˮһֹеˤϲأ
ãѾûʲôˣллĹġ
ͷϵĺۼҲˡ
׾ƾ˵ţֶչһЦȻ÷ְ׾ƾЦֵСУɰˡ
ɶ֮ǰôûԼͬôɰϲ
ŶҲǣ֮ǰ׾ƾƿɳĬˣһѧУһ飬μӲ鱾
ŮμǰྣȥСʳǽȥϲ
Ψа׾ƾƣԶǵʹͷ罻ţû취֡
ͬһˣûܸͬ˵ϼ仰
ͽ˵ĶԻ˵ǰһµ˵ˡ
벻װɡ
̲סҲ¶Ц˵⻹ǰ׾ƾһθ˵ô໰
׾ƾƿԼɰСͬУԭһ˵ƺĲ䣬ÿ䶼֡
ʵҲеţƵġ
׾ƾƳĬһȻŵΪĿ־壬ԸЩһ˰ɡ
׾ƾôһ˵Щˤɽѽ
ⶼʲôˣݵѽ
ҪϾʱϲС˵֪׾ƾ˵ʲô
뵽ĬĬ̾
ҲѹͬƽʱôŬļͥԼŬһ㣬ԺԼ϶ûϣġ
ˣƽתƻ⣬Ŭ䣬͸߱ƵͬѧҲ
ݣ
ɶ
ͬѧǿӼڳ֣СǸԵĶҰݰɡ
ǰ׾ƾǺÿϣֻȥҰ𣿡
Ȼ֪׾ƾƼͦģû뵽
ÿûԭ

ͬѧСۣѹð׾ƾ
ȻͰԣͬʱҲ֪չͬѧģǰԣҲ͵͵ڰС
ȻЩ׾ƾȻõ
иûпƺԼɤŴЩ֮󣬻ԱߵŮ鱾һ£ʶ˿ģͼڸסñġ
׾ƾƣҲˣѹͦǿġ
ǲò˵ԭϵЩͬѧЩɰ
ϧԭһڰ༶ûиǽӴ̫ࡣ
һԱ߶߶˵ͣС͸ƵģҪǰ׾ƾƲͣĻͣ
ܴθʲôԾϿһֻʲôɰڷɣٿ絽꼶İж˧
׾ƾƵһνӴ罻ţƣֻøʰ·硣
ᣬ档
ˣиԾƾû
֪ڰ׾ƾƵĳƺѾձеľƾƶ֡
׾ƾ˵Ƶصͷҿ϶û
Ű׾ƾǿɰӣ̲סЦ˵ǰԵʱЩߡ
˵λһ꼶ĸѧҪѧȥˡ̫˼ˣȻ֪Щƶ˽ȷʵ磬⻹ǵһ߷ĸ
ϵı鶼Щᣬ˵ǸѧҲûǮǸĸرŮѧеģѧԼѧϰɼãѧУѧѻ˽ѧѧǺòҰ
׾ƾƵüͷҲ壬ȷʵżʣԭļУڵĴׯҲвŮͼ˵ġ
ǸĸŮӶûʲôãʮʱڼæɻʮʱ򳤵øǶһ㺬ţͿԴ۶˻ˡ
УڵŴﻹ裬˷Ǯ
˲ȷѡ
ŴĴŮ16ʱͼ޸˸ڴˣŴ8Ĳ񣬻
ȻԭСʱˣΪŴﵱ̫ڳªС׾ƾưǵر
ڵİ׾ƾƣͬҲ⡣
ʲôǾŮ˺޼ֵʮ͸üˣ
ΪŮ˵ԼҪ֡


4 
׾ƾƵıЩÿҲ̲סЩϾ֪׾ƾɽģࡣ
Ҳ֪׾ƾƼľһҸĸҲǸѧİһŮ޲ð׾ƾѧȥأ
Ǵʹˣ
Ͻתƻ⣬ǡʱϿˣ˽׾ƾƵʱҲЩȡ
ĵ첻ôʹӳСѼ˰죿
ǿòͬԼ¶һĨЦξϡͬʱЩϲ
֪׾ƾƵԸһЩ⣬̫ȻɼǲǸͬѧǸʦ˵ܰʹͷ
ѧʱڻãǵ˴ѧᣬԸ񲢲ϲҺۡ
ڼ׾ƾƺΪ⼸ڼˣԸ񶼱ûÿһЩðЩϡ档
Ǻ¡
γ׾ƾЦЦվڽ̨ϣȫѧڵǰʱ䱨ﾺͬѧʱҪӰѾܾҪˡ
⼸ҪӽһЩԾʲôҹ޵ʱʦ
ϡϡͬѧȰ׾ƾƲû⣬ֱһƾƣһ㻹Ǹȥһȫƣγɼ϶ֻǰé
꾺ȫУǰ10ģ񽱽ˡ
׾ƾƣ
ȫƾ
űʵ˲սԭļҵ¡

Ȼͱԭ󣬵ΪԼǸ籾Ϊѧ츳ڵԭԾûֱѧѧγ̡
Ȼ׾ƾƾѧϰЩҿϴѧԭԸʲô£Ⲣڶ̶̼֮ھҪμӾǰé
׾ƾᣬУԭѧԵ裬ܱ
ûղ˵ȫУǰ10ӣȫƵĻǼСǮǮҲǺġ
ԣҪʼͷ׶̹ˡ
׾ƾƾþսӴѧŬҪô౾ݵԼûôȡ
˵ڰǸùҲҪμӣϣƾƵʱȥʱ򣬿ɲҪһ
׾ƾһž飬ûô˵Ļʶذһʲô
͸ڵǸù
׾ƾһãԼ¶ӿɿɰ̿ͬʱ̲ס̾˵ƾҲģû뵽Ŵ£һֻʥ鰡
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׾ƾŶһ˵˵ôù
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˵԰ɣȥĩҸͬһıͻȻˮȻõıоֵˣʦͬѧûжıʡҲ֪Ҷѧʴ϶౸ֻġƫƫô׵ģѧõıʶˮҵҲǡ𣿡
ɴ۾һĳ𾪵ı飬Ǽֻñǰصڲݸ屾ϻȷûġ
ҪʱʾͳˮҶˡԣصԼ༶ñʻʱ򣬷ֶ϶Գˮˡ˵棿
׾ƾüȷʵе㣬ǺأԷҵ𣿡
ҵˣǼ࿼ʦȥڰġҸͬĲ˵ıҲˡ
һԣ࿼ʦȥڲ֪ȥ˶ˣ±ơ
֮⣬ģͱϴεпͬѧǿһӣǿѧʱ򿨳߻ˣӢʱ㲥⡣ҶˣǸɨǣӴܻ⡣
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׾ƾ˼ȷʵ񲻺ãù˲˵ĸڰ¾ӡ
ֻܸ⣬Լùͬʱˡ
üһʵеҡ
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ЩʱһǿţֱǴҸͬҲ֪ùɨĲ˵˵ġҲͦġ
રરԣ˵СʱˣûãͷȣǼʲôõ飬ƤһģǼߡ
ڵ˺ֱӰ˳ȥĸĸ𶼸ֻϣԼԶԶġ
ɨǵҲݴģѧУ
̬ͦõģɼһֱǰéѧУĵһ
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˵Ҳܹ⣬ϾýĻÿͬѧǶٻ顣
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׾ƾüɼĻе˼ˡ
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׾ƾͷȵĿ⣬ԹԵصͷ鱾ʵǰ̫ˡ
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׾ƾСȵҡͷûϵˣϿΡ
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⣬ͬҪֲ;ľ
뵽ԷļҾԼûþҪľҲǿֻŵȱܹ׾ƾһȥϲ
׾ƾƿɲ֪ʵ޻뷨ɿ鱾ҵ
̫ˣȻĿҲҪڼ֮ڽЩӣڻͨ׾ƾƾԼͷ׶̹ɣֱǶԲԼ
ˣΪԼԸ˻Ըÿܹͬͬѧʱ͵ķ֣׾ƾѧϰһû䣬ӱ䱾
Ͽѧϰ¿ѧϰѧϰѧϰԷʱԾڿ
޽֮󣬶ڽңֱϨ֮ǰŻ
Ϩ֮ҹ˯ŵʱ̨ĵƶš
Ϊ̨ôڵģԼŵҲ͸Ӱǵ˯ߣǸͲ֪׾ƾϵǼ˯ġ
Щֵǣ׾ƾƿȴǸһݡ
Ȼû֮㿴˸߶Ŀα
˵׾ƾŻѪѧϰ״̬Ҳ̫˰ɡ
ôģע⵽׾ƾ״̬ͬѧ÷˼
˵׾ƾǰίرʾѧϰҪĽҲҪ
ȻѧУнѧ𣬵ǧ飬ҲĽ
˵⻰ǼҾһŮͬѧ
׾ƾ¶ЦڼǧǮʲĴڡ
Ĳᣬ벻ס
׾ƾɴûΪǮôŬ


5 
ѧУʳѧ˼֮󣬰׾ƾƺ֪壬ܻؼˡ
ͬѧȻ궯֣һϰΣҶûô棬Ψ׾ƾһ麣֮У񶼲
׾ƾ˵žĩȥĶ棬һӣ֪ûϷԷŻؼҲ顣
ʵ֤û
¿֮󣬰׾ƾƽԼҪȥоĿαȫˡ
۾쿴͹ˣƾƣҲ̫˰ɣһѧϰɼõĶôŬôܹˣأ
׾ƾԴǵҡҡͷҪóɹͱӱŬԵĿɲȫУͬѧȫͬѧ
Ͼ׾ƾƺ֪ˣҲǰéĻҲٲ˵ġ
üһһǮȥˡ
˵ʲôأܣ
ֻĬĬعƾƼ͡
׾ƾƸ֮ȥѧУСëʸīˮȻ˴ͳΪ˲˷ڴͳϵ⼸Сʱ׾ƾŵڳϿ顣
˵Ϊעȫڿαϣ׾ƾƵûγˡ
ͳط֮飬ԼŬжˡ
˳Ƽ׸վֳԱߣֵʱ򣬺¶Ц
׾ƾ˹ȥչһЦְ֡
׸ӹ˰ɣڼ˺óԵģǸϽȥ
ѽѽ
׾ƾ·ֳֳıԵַסǰİ֣һֳǵؿʼ˹
·ŢǣӭŻƻգɽҰҰԼᣬ紵㷢ӣ֮жɽҰϢ
ǰ׸ӵĹĻ׾ƾƾͨͨͦġ
κƻҸ
˼ңȻһ꺮ů
̵سνʢĴͣ׾ƾЦذæϴ꣬ϴ֮ŻصԼķ䣬ҹ
ղڲϵʱ򣬰׾ƾƸޣĩҪȥμľҪʱ䣬Ž
ܾͲؼңֱӾͻѧУ
ǸˣҲϰΪ
ΪȥԭҲμӹҳɼ
ΨһϧǲһûܽȫУǰ10ûõ
ҲԭΪʲô߶ʱҪʱμȫƾԭ
ԭûܴɵԸ׾ƾȻҪʵ֡
ҲȱǮ
Ȼÿܰ׸ӶͳʮǮǿͰǮ׾ƾƶ᲻û
̫ˣҪ졣
Щʼ룬ʱŷѾǴҹ飬ʼԼİֽóóɳ״
ͽȥСëʡīˮһСֽͻ˰׾ƾƺüʮǮ
ڶЩء
һ֣ǧٿڵԼ׾ƾƶûʲôҪ˵ˡ
׾ƾƴ˸Ƿʣɵػһŷ
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ǰ׾ƾƿŷЩššüͷ
ǲޣõֲǷֻֽǼ򵥵İֽøޡ
Է˵ѾǿˣϾʱ䳤12Сʱ
Լã׼ͬѧġ
⼸ȻһѧϰͬʱҲЩͬѧϾ׷һû񣬵᲻ʱȥ˯ӲǶдҵ
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ݺĵһ ΣԶǻجج
һεʱ򣬰׾ƾĥԷӦû·гġ
ƹ£һߴŹǷһ߷ٵػŷǼһţٶȷɿ졣
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֮ãŵ֮У˵ƣ˵İĴϣʵʵ˯һþ
ڶʱ򣬼Ĺ֪ٴˡ
ƿţк£Ѿɢĸɸɾ΢ĿѾǡ
ĿڲԶСϣɢɢȥϴˣпš
Ȱ׾ƾϴϣͷͬˮܽһ㣬ˬˬ¥ƼЦеشһݡ
һ׾ƾƣЦſ޵ǰʱ˵ƾƳˣû뵽Ư˲١
׾ƾЦЦá
ЦеӦһЦüĳȴܹһ
סڴβǳݣƽʱҲ߶˴˹ϵ
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ũʽĺѽ֮ЩƣЩ˼Ű׾ƾƸֹһĪ
ôˣʲôô˵ڣ
ǰ׾ƾЦеվ˳ҰæҶİɡ
۾ݵһ£ɵͭ壬Ϊ𾪣沿鶼Щϲ
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⻰һںϲԼ׾ƾ㵽˵϶ܰԼæ
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𼱻ǣⲻǰʱ˵ǼҾƾƶ˭͵żҵҾָˣƾƱҲܰһ
˵ĽָöƽָʽǳĹӣŴٴġ
˵ѾֻһöָļֵǼͥ
ָȻˣ˸飬Լȥĵط;һ飬ûҵ輱϶ˡ
ʵûа취֮ǰĹڰ׾ƾƱŽһֱµķԷԾͺƤǰæ
Ŀ࣬⡭
ȻŮ˵Ž£ܾЩʵʡ
ѰʱίرʾƾƻСûǸ
ȴǷҿƾȻСǱ¿ɲСûղſڵĵһ仰ʲôû˵Ѿ㵽æҶ
е׾ƾƵ֣еƾưҪǸҵöָǮ϶ġ
ûü˵ʲôȴ׾ƾЦеصͷǶݣ̸ǮǮĶ˸飬ȥһˣܰѽָҳ
Ӵ̫ˡҪҵˣԲ㡣
˵ţҪ׾ƾƳš
òУһûҵأŮɲܳܰ
ҪȴŮͷƤգգۣ͸ķģһˡ

֮£ֻժΧȹҲҴҵ׷˹ȥֻڳûҵָҲ
л˵


6 
شŰ׾ƾȥβʱһ·ϿɲƼˡ
һŰ׼ҵĹŮԽԽƯһ߸Ǹʲôȥأ
ͷҲصƾƸҽָء
һˣеĻ³ͷҪȥ֡
趪˽ָһ飬ϴ˶֪
ǻƽִֵָǮһǴһʹģͬѰ
ָһûκεټ۳žҪˣҲ֪ĸֵ˳ᵽ˰׾ƾƣ˵ܰżҵҳ͵ף뻹ܰҵָ
⻰һڣҲ壬˭Ҳû뵽Ȼľˡ
ЦУ׷ƨߵߵظȥ֡
ۿԽԽ࣬Ǹİ˶³ͷ˹
ʲôأô˵Ҫ˼ҽָ
׸üͷ壬Щ⡣
ҲǼòУѸղŵ˵һ£ҲҲס˵а취ҷģһ˵ǵһ⡣ĸûã׬Ǯ
׸ȴǳ죬ѯʵ˵Լָ֮ǰȿڱҶ𣿡
϶صͷԵû˵Ҳˡ
Żģô֪Ҷ˽ָأ
׸̾һǵǱ£Ȼ֮ǰڷϴӦˣǾͲҪ֡
ˣⲻаһûҵأ
ھҲˣ˵ˣҲô֪ػˣ˵Կ϶ͿԡĸľҪ
ԼǼᶨĿ⣬ƽǰ׾ƾڵӰ̾˿˵Ķԣ϶зӲŻӦȻĻ϶¡Ǿ͸󿴣а취ҵǽָԺҪԸǰæҲ
УǸϽϡ
ң׾ƾɨһۣĿڶſڳ̣ųಲϣɫ΢
ԷĶӣһƯСţͷƺƵĸһĴ˹ˣ裬ʲôأôô˻ؼң
迴һҲ⣬ڵصǰ׾ƾܹҵָ
ƾư㿴һָˣ
һָ֣Ƥ΢̵Ķָͣ
׾ƾƽԺӣĴҲȥ֣иӳ̺󣬾СӾȻǻϣüһ﷢𣿡
Ҫ֪˺óƽ.ҪǮôḷ́
⻪һҪʮũˣǳ˵֣һ飬һҲʮʮ顣
ʮģǸ᲻
᲻û
Ƥ˳飬͵һڣ̵ӵϣȻεһζ
Ǵջظղ˷ܵı飬ζɣɱǮһζǮҲҪһԡ
ȻһҪô󣬵һͿֵһ̣ȻҲ᲻á
ƾưôվ￴𣿡
׾ƾվŲЩ
׾ƾҡҡͷƮƮĿӵһӹѾҵˡ
ɴ۾æѯʣĶĶôûƼ
Ĵ̲ס˵˼ҰѾͷҶûң˵ҵҲţϺͿˣ
ʵҲֹţ׾ƾƽԺӣؿһ֮ûκѰĶӶûȥôҵأ
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ﵣǣ˵ȴ׸ˣԼԺҪⷽΪĻЩҪԼ
Ȼ׸ũЩĺܡ
ֻֻּŵؿİ׾ƾƣϣ֪ˡ
׾ƾվǶϴЩ׵ȹڷ΢΢ζ纣һŨܺڷҲҡҷ
ˮܽصС˲м־ޣ޹󣬴һع̲סҡͷǸأôôţ
ĽָһҽεĽ
׾ƾ£˶ˡ
Σ
ôڽ
ʲô˼˵Ľָ𣿡

ҲͿˣƾư⵽ʲô˼ҵĽָΪʲôǽҸûȥǽ갡
׾ƾ΢΢һЦȻתĿԴĸֱȫӲϣҪĶˡ
ʲô
ĿҲʶظŰ׾ƾƿȥͼԼҶɫЩţԼɫطСѾͷƬ˵ʲôأ˵ĽָȥǮ𣿡
׾ƾƵͷǵģûָעʱ͵ȥ˽ε껻Ǯ
Ǯ֮ĺģһֱѵ̣Բԣ
һ˵˵ʶؾͰԼĿڴϡ
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˻Ȼ׷׿ˣƾѾͷ˵ǲģĽָȥǮ
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׾ƾʳָǶ˻Σֹһһ
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ԭţһԼҶ֣﷢֪ʮ֮˾ûˡ
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СӣȻĻƽָȥǮ
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ʹˣҲ̲סŭΪ㲻Ǯ㲻ǮƣҵȻֻĽָȥǮˡ
ֱ׳Ļǰһڣʹ飬ҵүʲôôһӰͷӰȥ磬Ҫûߣܳ𣿡
޵˻ߣִִ򣬿ܱߴȻ֮ʣͶ׾ƾƵЩˡ
ȥƾѾͷǲǾſڿһȦͷõĽָҲ̫ͨ˰ɡ
ǰţҲûɡ
ҼǵǴҲû˵ҶǺӶ˻лͦࡣ
Ѿͷм֮ͣǰû˵ٻ
ѾͷѹѧЩҲɵģѹְ׼ҷҹҪͺȥ顣
׼ǿྡˣôһ͵ĹŮҶҲãԺ׼޿϶ˡ
˭˵أǴôһ͵ǵĸ
ҲǣԴ֮һЩҶ֪˭

۷׷ףۿɼĶ԰׼ҷ޵̬˼֡
Ͼ׼ҳôһǿɲôùϵ
˵ˣ˵׼ԺҲҪҰ׾ƾưæء
Ҽһ˭ûⷽ顣


7 
ҳƽָλ֮ƽֽԼѹĶӣڵȥ
Σ׾ƾûиȥܹҪǽָûġ
ҪæѧϰأͲ⹦ˡ
ܱߴΧư׾ƾƺ֣ôġ
׾ƾƸͲǰ÷ˮ񣬻һɭ죬վǶǴﱻˮ۵Ĵһ㣬νûմһĹɾĽ
Ҳ̫˰ɣ
ȥҪָء
ǲǴ׾ƾССͣǳɾͿɲͣ
׾ƾƹصй¶λ尢ҪʲôҰæĻƾһƴǵ,ʱҰ˵һС
æϲЦտһģһġ
Ű׾ƾһ뿪˻ǶζŽ顣
裬Ӳõ˰ɣ㿴ҽĺܺá
׾ƾƴյǰһױӡ
֪ӳſʼһֱü㲻
׾ƾû˵ʲôΪսŵǰ˵ٶ࣬û취İġ
ԼŮƤģֺֺЦִֻ˴׾ƾƵĶͷѽ㣬龫ֵġ
׾ƾһЦӾͲٵЩ
ٴǿԺҰæĻǵø˵һ¡
һβǰ׸ǶĸԸص˵ͷ
Ŵ涯Ƽ׾ƾһ˵˵ЦЦŴһѵһ¾ͰԺӵĴŸˡ
׾ƾƿһۣȤջĿ⡣
ĶϱԺϴ·Ŵһٶ׷ʲôƼһˡ
뵽ڵİ׾ƾƣҴ·Ķ˲٣Ҫǰ׾ƾëѾͷڱųͷֺΪﶼҵϡãʹһ١
صңԼֺݺݵһ١
ڴϺü²׵ģҳš
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ͷһ߸߾ϴ¹ȴ͵ҵԼֱϣ˲ֱ۵˲ҽ
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ϴ·Ҳϴãʲôã
֪ͲöȢˣܼǣ
ʹһѣŴĲһ죬ΨΨŵŵԼֱһƬף
ʱ̽ͷ̽ԣżҵģڳʲô
Ȼԡ
Ŵ߹ȥţԼϽô¿ˮ˵ϱżҰңҵˣϴ·ϴֱУһöûУе֣ѪûֹסҲ֪Ҷӿʲô
Ͻÿǹڽ䣬ʹֱરֱŮˣҡҡͷϴ·ҵԼ֣ʲô£
ޣˣ֪ղŴβҷ顣
ʲô°
ŴϵŭûɢԼϻѪ˿ڣķĺܡ
ڰ׼ҵСѾͷȻǵĽָǱӸ͵ˣϵĽꡣ
ļٵģ
Ŵһţҵ˽ָҲ֪˵һˣһ㶯û
ﻹ͵͵ظڶԷҲǶңһҪǱҵˣǽָˡ
ƽָöǮء
ȻģҲҿءСѾͷ߶߶Ҳָһһ۾ֱǶõĽָ
˵ǽָǮһ̡ģ
ҵĻӵĶͳһ̡
뿴Сӳó˴.Ǯ֮⣬ʲôʱ׬Ǯộɲ˽ָǮ𣿡
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Ͻ֣µصͷѹΣ۾׼Ժ˳±һ
ҲǵģȻ׼Ѿͷô֪Ҷ˽ָɶȥ϶飬Ͳ֪ҷʲô
ŴЩ״ΣҲҲѾͷҲƼСȥ껻ǮءϾϣǽҲϰ͸Ҷϱһ
ϽƲиǽ궼ͬһطһС޶˶˵ȥʲô˵ˣϱ͵͵ȥҵʱǴһ˶ûƼôƫƫͱѾͷƼˣ
ʱѾͷڲء˵ԴӰѾͷº֮˶һˡ
˵ϻ᲻ʲô鰡ȻôͻȻôÿұǴǰŶˡ
ϽƮ˵ŴǼƤȻЩ̿
˵˵ҪôˣòҼҲɣ
뵽԰׼Щ飬ŴͷƤ顣
ٿԼеֵѪûֹסǲǰ׾ƾƸĹ
ϽһҵĻ̲סЦôţеⲻǺ˭ûбйһ
ϵѪֹסѽ
ŴĻš
ϽöһȻָϵ˿ڻͦŴŶֹѪ
һֱһȫѪݶȾϣŻеˡ
ϽȥѪȷʵЩడ
Ͻôһ˵ŴҲĶϽǮȥ
һֱǶϴ·ȴ䣬Ͷ˽ҿԼֱԽʹĺۼĿ֮УҲ͸¶˼־֮ɫ
׼СѾͷôİɣ
ôСôܸᲢأ
ɸղǶ˵Ļȴ
ֱ֮ѪֹҲ̫˼ˡ
һŵĲУϴ·ʱ򶼲ɼˣϴʱŪŵ·˺Ƭ
һֻţһֻҲô·ôƳ룿
Ѿϴ÷ףǰҲôϴѽ
ǳ׻ˣһǰ׾ƾѾͷĹ
ǲ͵͵ʲôа.
һ˶˵ǲǣ˭֪һСĵᷢʲô
ԽԽţ޵øˡ
ô죿ô죿
ˣˣǰѰ׾ƾƵġ
Ҳǡ
Ӧ˵һ˶ǡ
үӿô


8 
׾ƾƿɲ֪ڶں˼Щʲô⺣֮У޷԰Ρ
ôŬѾѻȫʵˣڿĶǾĿ
˵ˣ׾ƾҲмԼıʱ˷ڱϡ
ѭӦˬ
ʲô飬ջǻᷴɵԼϡ
ڣŴϱԼԼ
Щ˾ûʲô飬ԼϹ룬ӲԼų
ʱѧϰ֮йúܿ죬׾ƾ𣬵ԷŷѾˡ
ڳԷʱ򣬼ͻȻ˸ˣ衣
۾ͨ죬Ƥ΢ףȻһ춼޵
Ǽ׾ƾƵʱЦӭȥƾư̫ллˡҪİæҾǵ֪Ǹ϶͵ҵĽָȥǮˡ
ЩӸɵģ
Щʹصͷɲ𣿽ʱѹҶȥǽ꣬˼ϰ˵ˣҶŽָǧǮ
Сӣõֵ5000ǮͱС1000
˵ִ޲ջʹһ١
1000Ǯ
ǮǴ
׸Ҳ̲סһ
ũ˵1000Ǯɲ֪ٺöأ
⺢ôô
ҡͷ̾ʧ˭뵽أСʱֹ͸һƵġھҲܲסˡ
׾ƾƾĸ˵ӵĲףû廰ֱ趵ͳ˼źƱƱ۾
ѧУʲôʱôQAQ
ƽ϶ҪһϾҶݣôǮأ
뵽ԼŮ׬ǮľûǮպôյǮ
ûѣʾ׾ƾƽӹȥ
׾ƾ֣ϵЦˣһ仰֮Ÿ϶ãҪעʲô߰Щĵġ
һڰ׾ƾĿǿɱŻˣԸϽͷ
ģһǳСӹڼһȥһǮҿôȥ˻졣
׾ƾƵͷʱСͻȥԺ绹ӵĻǾͲ˵ˡ
￩һ£ƾƣʲô취ܹ𣿡һݵ֡
׾ƾ۾Щӣҡҡͷһ˵Ըעʲô顣ܰĻǻϣĻһӶҪΪӲ͡㲻㣬вɻ¡û˭ܸһ˵ƨɺΪƨɵġ
׾ƾƵĻŲɣû£뱲ѾΪĶӲͲˡ
̾ŵͷ֪һºĹġ
ŶԷ뿪ʱ͵ıӰص̾˿Ҳǲףϰ磬һʺһذΨһĶ󣬿Ƕȴô۵ͻҪ͡
ɲ𣿡׸Ҳ֣ͬ׾ƾʵﰡղڣҲʣӻʲô鰡
׾ƾһ߰ŷһߵ㿴üëѹۣͷƽǳͷ޶ۣûԶƽֺóֻһŷƫŲƣһմ϶ģͷǱ޷԰ΣԻͷܹסãܲסĻֻԽԽƫ
׸һմҲ˶ĲģиǷ˺üʮӵȥˣҶĳ˸ˡ
Դǰ֮ǲմĵġ
ӷˣĶմ
ҲǾĿӶˣԺô죿һմ϶ģɾȫˡ
ǲǰ׸ֻ赣ģڵ°ܱʾð׾ƾ취ŮѾܲˣ˵ˣ˭Ķ˭ܣҲܲȥ
鳶ӿǽ˲ģ
ͦʱ䣬׼ȥ˵˵ӡ
׾ƾƻͦģЦе׼ȥϴ꣬ϳȥѧϰˡ
û¥¥´һСڼҲ
׾ƾ۾һУתȥţͼſڵŴϱСվǶ󣬾͸èһͷ𣬲ûѰ׾ƾЦ
סѾͷŴ߶£ۿɼ԰׾ƾƵĿ־壬ϻɴȥʱҽ˵е˿е⼸첻ˮ
Ŵô꣬һôҹ
϶˿϶ǰ׾ƾƸĹⲻŵǸ׾ƾǹ
˵һɹˣŴڵѪ
˭ˣ֣һƼŴϱһ鷳Ͻǰ
ȴŴһڨЦǰĵĺܣ׼ϱⲻ֮ǰ£һûüллƾѾͷԽصҲǴϱǵǸҪôܻΪҼ⡣ңǸ
ΨΨŵŵؿڣҵĴҹ˾ƾơ
һĶֲˣ⼸żҶһһ۾۾ӲǱӵģôͻȻŵǸˣ
ǰ׾ƾһ۾ƳΪʲô⣬ϱʹı£һЦҲʲô£ŴôĻǲҲ˼͵Щ۸ǵĲɣ
ŴɫһæʾҶǼʮھˣ϶Ǿٷ顣
˵棬СƾӦԭ˰ɣǲٳʲô˰ɣ
Ҳһڴ
֪ΪʲôˣŮʲôֽ
׾ƾЦ¶СģȻʲô顣ʱ䲻ˣһҪȥ飬裬Ǽģˡ
ȥɣȥɣ
Ŵû׾ƾǻʲôɶ˼ԭ˻ûԭ¡
⣬Ҳĺܣû飬Ҿ͹ˡ
ǰŴͷˣڣҲֻЦԹ뿪
ؼҺĶִС˿ڣ۵໽Уøڵεҡҡͷ
ϴú¥ʰ׾ƾƵô£ɲЩֶˣŴˣ°׾ƾС;
׾ƾʧЦ裬ʲôҲûϱԼԼʲôݣǼƽ𣿲ΪҲãԶԶģˡ
룬ҲôҲЦ˻


9 
ڼѧϰʱǹ÷ɿ죬һգ۹ĩ͹ȥˡ
׾ƾͬϴ˸磬׸ֳ͵վ㣬ȻȥѧУ
һѧУƼһǷǶҵʱʱ۾һͬѧǣȻǶȹһǳĩ
׾ƾԼԷоˡ
ƾƣϺá
سŰ׾ƾƴк˵Ϻþ̲ס˸ĹǷϵĴȦèһƴ
ЩĽؿŰ׾ƾ˿ǵļһɾϸ±˵ǺȦë׶ֻһƬϸƽ
ĽĶҪˮˣƾƣ㲻˵ѧУԶΪʲôûкȦ
׾ƾһã۾ûעѽ
æѧϰȷʵûôչӡ
Ϊ㣬壬һ˵治̫ʣƤ֮ҲͨҪá
ôû˯ã
ΪҪ˯ñȽ硣
Ҹ˵ˣҶҪ졣
˵˯飬һӵ
ƾ㲻֪ҼҸھСӲ֪ô£쵽ϾͿޣô嶼岻áȥʱҾͱ˯žԺ˯ˣҹǼĿǰִгѡܹ˯ֱǸ˯ţˡ
Ұ˵ҺѾüˣϿޣյķգȥҽ˺öðҩûáǼҴҲڵĲУСӵİְ֣һ˥ӣҲͬ֡
ٶͬڰҹ˯þжữ
ҲǺܾˡ
̾˿˵һʱѾ˲֪ٸǷ۾Ҫˮסˡ
׾ƾ룬ӰóһԷţԣ
˯죬˵ߺˣʲô
ֽӹһ;ͻȻɢˣȰֽУԼ˲۾ˣĺܡ
ղŰɣҲʱѡ

ʲô
ɴ۾ϸȥóɳεİֽƺëʻ˷ģ
ȵȣģ
ϽѰֽպãһȷûע󣬲ѹƾƣŪģǶǸˣôô⽨أ
׾ƾȻһɣͻȻ뵽ڵ粻һƺôѧͳһЩΪ⽨š
ʧߣȻ
׾ƾһüȥЩίͰ͵ġ
ǲǱƭˣзǻڰֽϵģǼٵʿóҲǻɫķֽƭҲ̫˰ɣ
ȻǷͦ£ͦǼٵľǼٵģ㲻ʲôл滭츳˳ƭˡ
ڵƭӰǷʤֻû뵽ƾôˣҲᱻƭ
׾ƾƶҡͷƭӲҵӣޱһķΪ߲Ծõİֽ
Ų˵Ϊ
һ²۵Ļںϲ£ܡ
Բ۾һ۱ܵģؿڣ㻳ǲԼĶˡ
ƾƣ˵㻭ģ
ѽ
׾ƾƹصѹǴиţҵĹϵܺãСͽЩֻһֱûǰչʾѣѧɣ׬顣
˺ü¿ˮԼ侲侲
ö˶˵ѧ裬ôȻɭµŷˣ
طѣڹҶԷ⽨Ŵĺͦġ
ƾᱻץɣ
ίرʾһ£ΪѧҪᶨſѧǿЩ
׾ƾƼˣҲˣȻҲ֪ѧ񣬵ǴӲǵʵڣҳ֮Ϊ⽨ªϰ
ʵ׾ƾҲ⣬Ͼڵ粻ͬǹִʮ㡣
ǲţҽ̵ĻſѧЩҲеġ
ֻһļƻҪǳˡ
뵽׾ƾ̾˿еģ֪ˡղŸŷ㻹ɣԷ״̬аȹ12Сʱˡ
ɵطʵΪʲôҪȵ12Сʱ
׾ƾƿʼ׼ڻظΪõĲǻֽԵĹЧûô㣬ֻά12Сʱ

ͬǻ޷԰
۱Լĵİֽ˵Ҳ֣ղҪ۾ҪˣΪʲôʮ㣬һڷͷĴľС
ʦһڿ֮ȣһҲԼܼϿμѧϰܱ߹һٵͬѧγĶԱȡ
ҵѽò˰ɣ
һ˼ţһ׼˯Ϣһ¡
ĸҲûС
ͬѧѾ˯øһССش˺Ψ׾ƾɷܶ⺣֮С
˵ӦҲ˯úĲŶѽ
ӣסˡ
͵͵شӶͳŷչŷϵĺۼǳ˺ܶࡣ
һӾЩˣæ׾ƾƵĸ첲ô£ƾ⻹ɫ𣿡
׾ƾƿһۣд⣬ΪǰֽסʱĺۼͻԽǳ
õǷֽĻˣĺۼҲᵭϾõĲרҵĶǻС覴á
Ŀ࣬Īһţ֮С
룬˵ԼҪѷŵһߴŹǷһдҵͬѧ鱾ʵ顣
׾ƾҲ⣬ʵ飬ΪŷѾǸˣҲˣȻν
һŷĻﻹи࣬ʵ顣
ͳһѷЩͷת򣬡ôôࣿ
׾ƾһ̾ͬѧģͬѧǿܶţһỳҸš
˰ɡЩҪҪĻ͸㡣
ͬѧ
Ҳǣ׾ƾƵļҾЩЧĻ
ʱ˿̣ѾƫŰ׾ƾµԼùһķ͵͵˺ͬѧ鱾ļз
ڷܱʼ飬ǰݵø߸ߵģûעʲô
ֻдҵʱддžԼͻȻӾ˺ܶࡣ
ѾĿҪⲻסǾֻʣһĿˣȥ˯Щġ
ԾӲš
֪ǲΪʤǰԼԴ˲˺ܶ࣬Լڲݸ屾Ūһ裬ŵĽ
Ͻ޸ģ֪ӹȥˣѧҵ˯һ£ȴԼûô
Щֵһ£֮ܿԺҲΪ㱻ȥˣǸϽóҵܱʼ顣


10 
һֱڹעԽдԽˣԽдԽ˷ܣԭÿҪǷǷûˣ۾Ҳ죬˾͸˼Ѫһ·ǶźԼܼսꡣ
ǡݽתղŲҪô˯
ȵתűʣһ߿Ŀһ߻ظҲ֪дҵд̫˷ˣ˯˰ɡھõĺܣһҲ

ˣ׵ˣ
ƾţƵѽ
˷Ͻת׾ƾҧ䣬ƾˣûҲûк˯ӡ
׾ƾƵȻûϣǸղŵЧǻһЩġ϶ûҪúܶࡣ
ôһ˵ظ԰׾ƾƳŵģЩԷܹȥЧôţƣͬѧǿ϶ϲ
׾ƾƣ
ղŻ˵⽨ҪãǶǸ
һ˵ʲôأǲ롣
׾ƾƣ
ˣǮһţ
׾ƾƳһ۾̽Ե5Ǯô

ٴα˵۾ͺϼʲô˼Сèȥ±
ղ˵ʲô5Ǯ
׾ƾЩʹĵصͷҪ֪Ʒķûе͹10µļ۸ͨİҲ50ġ
˭ھһпѧȻᣬ˭ǸͲЩ
׾ƾ5Ǯܶȥ
̾˿5Ǯ㻹ùĻǮҲǲԡ
ˣܹ60ţǮȥɱĻ׬ʮ顣
ͻȻ;Щҭˡ
ʲôʱѧĴУΪ⼸Ǯô
ٴε˿͵ס׾ƾƵʾԼ
׾ƾȦؿյⱻһ𣬿ȥǿɰ
ƾƣʲôأ5ǮѾˣȻۣҾ50Ǯȫԣ
˵ĭֱɣ50ˣַڹؼʱ̣˵֮ģһ100֡
׾ƾƣ
֣ԸղıֲΪ۱ˣ
50Ļ᲻̫ˣ
Ͼ50ǮѾǰ׾ƾƲһڵķǮˡ
Ȼᣡ
˵˻ߣ㲻ַ֪ѧ˵жҪ
ˣղ˵ķֽĻЧܳã
׾ƾ룬Ҳ̫ȷɣ
һ룬һӣѰ׾ƾһܱͬѧþһ
ϽͷʾǸȻѹ˷ܣҲ̫ţ˰ɣˣðֽ50ûֽ100
һ֪Ȼûָֽãάء
ɣɣ۸̫ˣ׾ƾƸ˾öѧ˵ʣ˶Ǯġ
룬Ҳǣ¿ţҪǼ۸̫ߣͬѧһܲô죿
ǿǰֽ20ֽ50Ѿܵˣٵ͵Ļθ۸Ͳƥˡ
׾ƾƵͷǾзӦˣٵ
ȵȣᵽϻ˯žɣ
Ͼղʱ;ĺܣһ϶ô죿
׾ƾƵǲõģϾͰѷóŵһԣ㲻Ӱ˯ߣǲᱻҵġ
ǾͺãǾͺá
˿ȻŰ׾ƾƴŰƱʾܹȫæȥ
׾ƾû뵽ȻææУ㲻鷳ĻÿŷȥҸɡ
ڰֵҪɶɣҾͼһ֡оǱһĴȰ
뵽Լߵİ׾ƾƲǸѧԣһСʦ̲סֺǡ
ѧҪԷķԺҲ
ʱΪæԼǿ϶ܵġ
ҼҲȱǮǮ˵ûá
ⶥð׾ƾ˲ĬſڵǺãԺҪʲôҪæľ;ҡ
Ŷˣ㲻˵ھӵĺһֱֿãӰ˯ҿԸ軭˳ŸھǸҲһš
ðð鷳ˣ
˵͵ͷӦ£סеĴȣô
ΪûлƷЧҲһ㣬ҸԷһּȥ֮ЧͻʧǲôõĵϿ϶˯һȵĺþ
׵صͷĥŸȥƷֽð׾ƾַܹı¡
Ǿƾƣѡһ첻ôæʱ򣬾Ͱæһ£ʱðְá
еģ˵һ£ְϵʱͳɡھ͸㻭

ڣ
һգգؿ౴ԼĲݸ屾˺һҳȻ۵ɴСͳһĳΣһ˺
ͳīˮëմմһ룬ֻԼڿϷһɫıʼӴֽţû׾ƾôģǸӵķľͳǰ
Ȱ׾ƾձʵʱƺЩصпĽ⡣

Ҳ٣Ҳ٣Ҳ٣
ţƴѽ
Űͺʲô֮һ㶼᲻÷¡
Ψһһȱصķݸֽһĵɫоζˡ
ʱһͷŷ̲סһЦѧӾĵʿԼ𣿴˵еĹ𣿡
ϽԶԷ˸ۡ
ŷź֮˲ע⣬͵͵ؿ˻Ϣ֣ʱѧУһˡ
кҪ顣
յԼϰֿ϶Ϣ֮ĵظ׾ƾ˵Ұַѧͻʱҽ
׾ƾƣ
㲻ûȥʦô֪ͨɣ
û뵽׾ƾƵõȴһ𾪵ı飬ƾƣǶдֻģҪҰΡڵĸ˭ûһֻֻֻѧУҶϨ͵͵á
׾ƾһγĬԭ𣿹ֻһʱ䣬ÿζǿϨǰӻصңϴ֮󣬾ȥ̨飬ûעͬѧϨֻ֮
ٻ˵ʱԺҳԭһʱʱ⣬׾ƾȷȷʵô¡
Ҳϰˡ
ȥĿμ䣬׾ƾƻǳ⺣֮УСһشͬѧ֮Уʼ˻粻֮࣬Է
Ȼͬѧǰ׾ƾƻģһ˵ǶĿŶȴۿ
ֻ˵ʶһѧʦĲдƷְѧƣԲԡ
Թ֮ȷʵΪˣЩûٿòģΪ֮Ա20һš
ȻÿѧȥģҵǸԼϵͬѧһ׷˯ġ
ЩĺõŮͬѧǾǲǱƭˡ
Ͼ;ס
үүϲݷ𣬾ҲˣôͬҲϹЩˡ
Ҳ٣ֱӵŷҾֱǸһ¡ЧٸǮô
ǮһҲǰ
ôӣ༸ͬѧòӣŲǴڶһѣҲʲô£ʱһ㣬Ǻ¡
Ƿ׷׵ͷӦʾԡ


11 
ְ°֮ûؼңֱӸŮڵѧУ
ͳֻ﷢ҪһҪϢְ־ĵ˺þãѧУʲô飬˸绰İΣαʾѧУһûʲô飬ְǴյʲôõϢ
ְֿɲҸʦ˵ŮǴֻȥѧУģǱʾֻѯʹĶѣ˳Ů͵㶫
ѧ¥£ְֿŮֵݸŲݸֽƬһã缱Ľҹԭ򣿸Ųݸֽ
ְһʱ֮ԼŮǲ첻Ϸߣðְû¸ɣУ
һȻƵشյְֵĶߣɫ˷ܵɲǼ򵥵ĲݸֽС˯þĲݸֽ߯ʲôݸֽǰƫˡ
ְ֣
õģŮΪû˯ãе㾫ʧ
֣ģҲƭ㣬ǰŮʦϵòֵġȻΪôõ
һȻøжİģְקȥҰΣʲôúһŮ͵ѧУȥ飬ѧչûôѧᣬôһһʦˣѧУοɴˣ
˿Լ֪˶ãһᵽãͬʱ԰׾ƾΣҪ˵ǻڲݸֽϵġ
ֻǹ߼ª˿˱Ƹ
ҲܣҪŴȥһţһţһ͸ǸСӣϾ˯úˡ
Ŭظ׾ƾƽĻСֻΪԭֲֹĻߣϻ˯úܺãҲȶ
Сıʲôŵ˻꣬ԺһϾͿ֣ô嶼岻ãֿʼգӣҽҩҲãôҲһЩǶ˻ĻôʦԳǻٻԸڼҺӾʲôþ
ְ֣
޿̣ȰĴŮԴһ£ҪǶӵĻһƺ˹ȥһˡ
˵ģûƭ㣡һءѷȥһ£ûõĻǸ
ְֱӴŭĸƭƭ㣿ʲô߰㻨˶Ǯ
ʲôƭѽǴʦ
ţЩѵģҪǮ˵ˣҸʦϵãΪ˵˼飬Դʦҵġ
ʲôʦʦģҿǱƭˡ˵ҪǮȺ϶㣬Ǯˡƭӵ·ְˡ
ְִЩеûģסְֵĸ첲ǶǿҪŷֽȥ˯ʱûзͷߵĻ˲ˣĩҲؼˡ
ְЦˣѾͷ
ҲǿˣԼŮڱνĴʦƵһһ㶣ҪĲѷȥŮ϶ݡ
Ǻãʹȥ˽ٺúõؽ
ְֽŲݸֽһúѧϰ֮Ϳ˼ҡ
صŮѧУǷʲô𣿰йȥ
ְִӶͳŲݸֽ˷ϣһ Ϊֽ
һãչȥ˿־ѧƽʱõĲݸֽģ滹һЩͼôôéɽʿõķ
Ϊˣ赱Ȼֻ֪֮Ǿͼġ
̲סЦŮû뵽츳Ҿ˵СѧʱȥĻ㲻û·
ְ²۵ʲôأŮ˵Ĵʦģ˵ʲôŮҽйȥΪ˸ЩǿһҪϣҰһ͸Сá
裺
ûǴĻԼŮ²۹һʮȥݷ飬ôת֮ͱ˭ϴԵôˡ
ȻİˣŮǱƭˣ㲻֪𣿡
ƭӺôûƷķãŮǸɶҲֱ֪òݸֽ
ŮȻ˵Ͳ󣬵Ҳôǰɣ
һʱ֮䶼ʼˣϸеҲûôɡ
֪ܲŮҪҪҪãǸνĴʦϴԣŲɣ˷ûôֱӽİΣúø˵˵ȻǾ˵ûЧŮ϶ţʱ򷴶ᳳø
ԼϹ˵ЩҲǣ𣿻Ҫһ͸ڵĺӣ
;ףڱΪǸأ
Ȼã
ְֵɴ۾ŮɵҲɵ˰ɣ
̲סĸ첲һ£ⲻ˵˲ܸŮ˵𣿡
Ҳ̫ʵˣһҹŮզ֪ûãֱȥѧУ˵ûЧƭ˲ͳˡ
ŶŶ˼УɣԷ˶Ҫˡ
õģҲˡ
һ߶꣬һ߽Ǽŷֽ˳־Լ¶
극ְְ֮æʰ˼񣬸һɢһž˸㲵ıŶӻؼҵھӡ
ְּˣеһСô
Сҡҡͷ컹Ժģֿҩ룬˵ƿûʲôЧ
ʱھӼҵķŴ򿪣С̼ææˣӿ϶ڵʱʲôŵˣ˻꣬ԵڶòˣȥҽԺûõģȥлꡣ
С̲СİסһΪСҪϰ࣬ʵǼ˲ˣԲŻ̹չ졣
̴һ˵⺢ӾǶ˻꣬ҪֶΣСͷˡ
ְС̵Ļ֪ôģԼŮ˵ĻͺһһݵһԺһ
ְЩ±Ƶͷ̲סԼڴİ
СĸСΪʼִСŵ۴ޣֹֹסɤŶˣŽ˾øۣǵģ޲Լúܹġ
ְֿһĻҲ̲ס̾ĪʹؾʹӶͳһŰȻŴǲע⣬СС
ϣеôɣ
֮СĿֹˣְ֣
⡪ôõ𣿲Ǽٵ
Ө͸黹СΪսСϣСŰ۾ȥ뼫ˡ
ڳĸȫɵˣСѹЩϲС˯ˣǲǽҩˣ
ƽʱĻСʼֲֹĵ㡣
ָͨһСʱȻųŲ˯ȥ˯ȥûֻ֣ѭ˵ӣҲܲס
û뵽ô˯ȥˣϸС˯գǳİȣСüͷ壬ʱʱ˯žͻ鶯һ£һģ
СְҲظ˾ͺãŽ˯һܺá
϶ġ
С̲סصͷԼҶݵСȻְֵͷʾһ£һ˱㻤˯ŵĺӽ˷š
ְֿǵӰֹӶͳʣµķվǶŴ
ѵ˵Ůȹʺˣʦˣ


12 
˯ʱְ̲סŷ룬һһŵطͷ¡
ˣһ֣˵õ𣿡
ְֱ̲סԼ극ھӼҺӵ˵һ飬ɫ΢С˯̫̫̫ٶȣҶ֪ҽҩû˵ԭԾҲһԡ
ļٵģô棿
ҲˣȻҲݷ𣬵Ǻٻַ˵Щ˰
ȴϵĴڣǵԼľһ顣
ԣ֪֮Ǽ١
ͷǳɡ
ֲǳԵģͷһν
ޱż˵˵ͷͷϣϨ˵ƣû˵䣬Ϯַ硣
һ˯üʱ޶Σѵʱ򣬶Щ㱡
ְ۾գգ죬ڻζΣҲˡ
ͬʵ˯ú𣿡
һͬĻظ˯úܺá
£˶̲סЦЦְ̹֮оԼˬ⼸챻Сû˯þͷĺܣһ˯еľ񶼸ˡ
̫ˣ
Сп𣿡
ЩɵҡͷҲ֪û˯̫ˣûҹ
Ҳǰһ˯Ѳⰲã
ְĲòƿͷȴȵطְԭȵëʺۼѾɢǳޱȣô£
һҹ֮䣬ôīʧˣ
ҲչȥֹòŮʲôʦɣ
ְҲϰ£˵Ȼⷢȷʵͦ±Ƶġ
˵𴲴·ҪţȥʸС
ȵȰҸһ𡣡
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Ϲ㿴ʲô
ֽһԭ˯һɵСȴͻȻ۴ŵСϽֽСС
СͲˣǶһίĺܵӡ
С֣ǵԼСʲôСԼץ
С˯֮Сûиϴϴţ»ᳳѺòװ˯µ
ټС˯ŵʱ˫ֽճȭͷСûעʲô
ֱС˯ˣһаеֽȥСȥá
СְֵҡҡͷҲ֪Ҳû
ʱȻСְæȥţӭְֵġС˯ô
Сְָжֻ֣ΪְǹҶӣϾϢæظС˯úܺã֣һ˯ǷҲѵ˯һþ
ΪְҲһˣȴְֵ¶һ΢飬ô𣿡
ְ˼ͷ֯һԣΪⱻСְֵ⽨ŵϹŶĵؽ򾭹ϸһ¡
Сְֵǣͫ𵴣ðβŷʵ˼С˯ôãΪһŰǷҲⰲһ˯ǾС˯úãΪ˼𣿡
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ְһЦǴѧһ˵Ͷˡ
СְֺǺǣΪǴѧҲɵѽôܣ˵ˣСʲôһŲݸֽ
ְǲ˼ȷʵǻڲݸֽϵһŰҲ֪ʦʲôƢԣô⡣
Сְ֣
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ʱ贩·ץŰ˹֪ղλְģ֪СְֶǶ˵ĸйѾ£˦˦ԼеŷôôСǲ˯ͦõģ
СְۼؿϵķɫӣɲСŲݸֽ
Щ壬Ҿǳôܹͬ㽫СССǸպϲʱҪǰֽԽ˿ô죿
裺
ؿһ۷ŭСְ֣СϹֹô£ôоС컹ǿֲֹ𣿡
ְЩεؿЦᵽŮͲ΢УǴ˵еķˮת
ˣȻ˼Ҳţֺαǿ
ְֱɴصǸȻԼžͻ˼ҡ
СְҲûץ㲻ţϾ˺üھˣƽʱְֶҲйգְôҲǵСֻǷô˶ѣһһ˿ܶ΢еŰɡ
Сְҡͷ˷䣬ͿԼŶСǶоҲ֪оʲô
ССְֻ˳ʲôСְֱѸղŵ˵£ԼҶоͷģҲˡ
Ҳ֪ԭڵһţ˵СеŲݸֽǰ˵С˯úãŷɰЦˡ
£ͼ.ݵһŤͷϵдض֣ղ˵Сеŷȥģ
Сְֱһģһһ㶵ģԶѽô𣿶ôǷⲻƽʱѧѧõĲݸֽ𣿡
ȻЩôҲӾ磬˽⻪ĴͳĻĻöǻڻֽϵ
׾ƾƣͲһһʬˣQAQ
СһشСгŷС۴˶յġ
Сְּˣ裬ʲôأ
Сȴǳţŷȴֵĺܣīˮĺۼǳĺܣǿͼƽ͵ĸо
֮ǷصСУС˲ֹͣ˿һĻղżСְֻǾ÷˼
С趼̲סڵϹòЧɣ
С̼ææҸϽȥʸ
ϧǣС̸Ϲȥʱ򣬷ѾϰȥˣСְûжԷֻϵʽֻա
СְֻǲаÿֻǺӸոմ󲡳ֽߣԲߡ
ϵ磬СһֱǳȻͷǲ㣬Ǳƽʱ˵Ѿ˺ܶ࣬ٳһҩӦþȬ
ԷҲͦ˵ģĥӦþͲˡ
ʱСͻȻֿʼ޲ֹֽûˣĲУС̾ÿܸйأеķһֻԭǳīѾȫʧĿˡ
մˮϡ͵ʧǸɸɾģŴûͿĨһ
ڲŵСְּ˶̲סȻڣѵħ𣿡
ͼʧʹħʧ
ڻӦǷʧ
Сְֻл㱵š


13 
һߣһȥ˽ҵ͸µͷһŪԷ͵͵صݸ˸ԼĺõļСá
СüŹǷӹ˷ؾ˿㶵û˰⵱һ£Ҳֻǰͬѧѡ
ֻûӣ⼸ý÷׷׾Щԡ
С1ųԼԼС2ţûһͻȻ֮Լ˵ĸо
С2ŵԲ۾飬ԶԶԣҲҸղŻΪԼĴ
Ҳ٣ҲУ
Ҳа
С3ŴӶ̽ͷһ㿴ҵ۾ǲɢѧϰĹâһ㶼
ŮͬʱͷԼĿ㶵⿴ȥ򵥷ܵνԷЧ
Ҫٵȵȣһֻأ
е˵ʱ12СʱǴһ쿴ս
аа

ʱ̹עС123ŵĶȻзǵתͷЦеضڷܱʼİ׾ƾƵƾģԷȫȥ
ҴƱǽ죬ÿ϶ˡ
׾ƾ΢΢һЦæ͵еؿһ䣬۾һ졣


һ νʱƵֻϢ֣ϰ˰ûУЧô
ûãְ־ͻظϢȻϿʱֻ´ҿɲֻѧУȥˡ
Уǿμ㷢Ϣġ⣬˵ûЧ
ְȴǵʶʦѴʦϵʽƸҡ
ˣβ֪ͣûκܶùƾƵķ
ǣʲôֱͨҾСʦɲһˣ˶õϵʽģҸϵá
ְڹ˾￴ŮϢʱҲЩˣŮôһ˵֪ʦŮϵ˵Ǻ¡
Ȼſڱտڲܷ⽨ţǻûʵϵġ
ʵϵĴڣַӹźְ֡
˵شǶҪ㻨Ǯֻڵڶ μʱ˴ҴҵȥС˲ʳ׾ƾơ
׾ƾȻǾܾôܰ׳ͬѧʳ
룬ʳԼһͶι׾ƾһȻ˵˰飬׾ƾ
ҰҲûھӼҵĺôӦòʲô⡣
ûʲôͺá׾ƾƵ⿴ȥ⻹ͦóԵġ
ϵĿνС123̲ס緹ʱ
ĺ氡ҾȻһ϶ûǷ
ҲǣҲǣǵһӣʦθоýȥˡ
ʶĴʦûжķš
ҲǣҲǣҪҡ

ֳ˯·˯߲ĸַһ
̵صͷ⻹мʮţҪ٣
ȫҪ
ܸѣҾȻҲǳٿǮһеġ
ʱʵûǮˣʰҪ
ϾⲻһǮǰǮ˵ϡ
аû⡣ҪͬѧҲҪĻԽҡ
ŶˣԺܻԷһŷĳʱ졣ҲӰ˯ʱ䣬۸ȴֻҪʮ͹ˣʵݱˡ
ҪҪҪˣϽš
ԶԶԣҪҪȸѺʲôģ
ǵãǶϿͻˣټϸҹϵֺãʱҿ϶ȸһЩ
ˣǱÿܹ˵Ļ߿һţǽְֽġ
ееģҪĻҿ϶Ҳ㡣

̵ؽеп˳ȥһɹطչߡ
123ŰæԼͲô鷳һȥ
Էôã123ſ϶ﲻסظܱߵͬѧһȻԴͻ᲻ϵҪͷΡ
Ǵ
˼ˣ緹ûôúóԣʹž޿˽Ҹ׾ƾƷϢ
׾ƾǶʵݣŰ׿ˮһ;ôˡ
вͬѧһĲ
ֻͬѧԵıһѡ
ҶΪʡʱ䡣
ž޿һźƱǰζʱ򣬰׾ƾǷ̫ͬˡȻȫȥˣ
ظͷǵȻ˭ѽǵȫȥˣұ֤翪ʼ϶ԽԽͬѧҹҪҪʱһӪ
СԴתĿɿˣԼѧҪǲѧҵģǿˡ
׾ƾƿѵǸտʼȺ϶ԽԽ㣬ȱʲôӪ顣
黹ۿյĿУû׾ƾƵѣֻҲǡǵķǲһûͬֻһұ޷ֺţܶܲˡ
ͬ˵ڶ ֮½½ͬѧ
ЩԷ飬ЩǾǸŵϹŶЦģЩǴĹԡ
֮ûһ༶֪ʶһѧУǴпţˣѧĸԷЧţơ
֮󣬱˵Ƿһֻѧϰ˭ס㡣
ͷõܹڷͷĵϣ˳㻹Űһ̽ꡣ
ź˼ͬѧùˣ֤ġ
ȻȷʵҺͬѧǵһԣǿС123ĵӣ뵽ÿεǱȻſ˯ӵؼǶдҵҲûмκηļ۾ɵøèͷӥƵġ
һϾܿ
ͬѧҲȷȷʵʵ治
һЩԲѧҲ̲סĶˣһʼ۸20һţЧʱ12Сʱ˵滹мǿ棬50Ǯһţʱ3-4죬ӻ㡣
Ǯͬѧη壬ſھҪ3һԡ
ɬҾһͬѧԥԥڹ20һűϾҲˣһûأ20ǮǴˮƯˣһĻʳˣ
ϾʵЩ
ǲ˰
ͬѧǵʾûҴʦһЩҪٵȵȡ
ԤС
ǮģС123Źϵõı̲סҪǶȸһԣұʾǶзˣͻǡ
С123Ըһš
һ벿ֵͬѧﶼһŷ
Ͼ˾ϲڡ
Ҽ˯ͬѧҲһţ־ȻЧ
Ƿŵ֮ûӵʱ䣬Ǿ͸оԺ۾ɬҲܣҲ磬ʲôʲôѧʲôǳ塣
Բۣţˣֱѧϰ
һ༶ˡ
ҪͬѧһһӦӲϾӵ
׾ƾһԿţĬĬԼܹ׬СǮǮȻЦ͵ȵС


14 
ò׼¼ҪͬѧֲÿͬѧҪź֮ЩͷۣôţƾƣüŪ𣿡
׾ƾƿֵͷţһţٶȺܿ죬Ψһ鷳ľǼðֽ
ܰæ
ửǼ򵥵ĺܡ
Ϊ׬Ǯƣ׾ƾѵýҹ޽֮ûмдҵǸڽʼðֽ
ĺܣͬʱֹֻԸͲ֪ϵʱַNϢ
ô壬Ůûֻ𣿡
СְһԱߵС豧ſֲֹСͬҲǼÿˡ
ְЩĪ칫˾Ӱൽ9㣬˰صҶŵˣ٣ڶûء
һͱſڵСְָˡ
СְӭһǸ˵۲ʶ̩ɽ֪Ĵڴʦϣְܹ˲С˹ϵһ´ʦæһС⡣
ְ֪ԭϵīȥСֿʼֲֹҽûá
֮£ֻſڵְֻ
˭ְֽ֪Ӱ࣬ͬҲǣǰǵȵᡣ
ⶼ10ˣǸйƹص˯ˣҲϢ
ҾϢô˴ʦ˵׼˯ˡ
ְֿбµĴʦ϶ǹŵɷ磬׷Բԣ㲻8ɴˡ
С˶޳ˣҪȵĻСֵһҹѽ
Ҳ֪ˣǿ󲻵á
ְֻһҪϣһκϢ֪ͨǡ
ְͷཻϵʽĿ뿪ֿ֮һֻûϢ
ʱְֱ㲻Щ˫ϣŮ˯ǰܹһֻǲǲ
ϧԸûгɹ
Ű׾ƾƼðֽ˵൱Ŭһ͵͵رҵͬѧڽȰꡣ
пֻ
ò׸Ϩǰȥֵðæڻð׾ƾ̨ܹ⻭÷һϿ˵ǹ൱ĳʵ
ԼΪǱûʲôҪϵˣȻһֱֻ
ڶ죬İ˰׾ƾƸõķ
س˴ĴָһصϾͿʼһǮһֽһϾֵĺܡ
ͬʱ༶ԷҲԽԽ㣬ԽԽͬѧҲԽԽࡣ
ͬѧʶͬѧæ
һʱ䣬յ췭Ķ
СǮǮǺܿģǲðֽĺѽ
ᣬƾô죿ϻҪô𣿡
׾ƾƿֱ˵ҡͷУûôʱ䡣ҾͿҪμӾˡ
㻹ǵ֮ǰô˵𣿡
ŵ̾ҲΪǮյ̫ģһʱ֮ˡ
ǵû༶ͬѧҪĻҪȸġ
ȻĻ˵ҪͲҪǾƾǰ׻ˣ
ͬѧô˵ģ𣿡
ЩصͷԡⲻԵЧʸ𣿡
׾ƾҲûϾǵһΣ޳ֻСǻǷȱ׾ƾǰѹ
Ӧô׾ƾѭѭա
ҧҧЩҸͬѧ˵ЩҪ죬쿪ʼÿǽӵҪ޶𣿡
׾ƾЦŵͷԣĺܺá
õ϶ӵ˹ȥס׾ƾƵĸ첲ҿоƾڣ
Ҿ뵽ԷȫУģֻûϵٶô죡
Ͻʼдƻ˳ְѷҪеϢͬѧ
ĳٵͬѧѣ׷ѯΪʲô
ֱ׳ʦæģרΪǻЩ֪˷Ѷʱ䣬ҶҪŴʦǰæġô죬ΪǡôʦǶʱпա
ȻΪôĴʦרŸǻ𣿡
ͬѧҲǣһţƵĿܾרŸǻ20һŵķ
ŶǮ
ǼﱾǮۼ⻨Ǯʦͬѧ˵Լ֮ǰλʦǰԤԼ²һʮ򣬵ֻʦ˰Сʱʱ䡣
ͬѧ׷׵һǻ¼Ĵʦѵõؽӵˡ
׾ƾ̲סҧ䣬£ǰλͬѧ⣬Ҫ԰ļǮԸ𣿡
԰׾ƾƿ˵ǳţǿԡƾ㷭۸ǿ϶Ҳźȥ
׾ƾúڱʸǴԼĥž󣬱ĿԸλͬѧ顣
ǰûȥҪ۵һЩҲûйϵġ
ʱְȴͻȻǽſڣؽ
һȣûüֹʲôͱקһԣٵѯλʦôϵܹ

֣Ǽʲô𣿡
ȻǣǸھǺӡϷϢ㣬һֱûأҾͲֻ϶ûҲûģʵС޵ʱɤӶˣ˻ǲþСְһͱźſڵȣ۾ͨ죬ȥҲǰһҹž˾ᣬҾ͸Ͻܹ㡣
ǴʦôϵϵģϵʽһҸϽȥǮû£ҪǺܺá
ҲԣСǾƾ֮ǰ˵Ķ˻꣬Ǽ򵥵
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ְƼͬǷǳƯһŮЩأְûмǴĻŮͬɡ
ǻһ
ûӣ˹߻λͬѾʹˣû⣬һС鷳
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ðʦ٣һҸǳɡ
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˼ҪȥСĻ鷳˵һ£ȻĻʦͬ뿪ѧУġ
ְֿŮλྫ£ͤͤŮɵˡ
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סְֵĸ첲ٺһЦְ֣ƾƾλʦ
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ɴۣ±һȰĴ־ͲһĺףҸ˵أ֡㶼ôˣ֪ʲôػ𣿡
ίְֵ֣ͱס׾ƾӡ
׾ƾԴתͷŮһͣȴǽְ־ڲͬ
壬СʱСĵ·Ĵ˸Ͻȥ㣬֧߹Լû㣬ԼҲС
ǸһС鷢ֲԣź˴ŽһġԲԣ
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۾ٴεɵͭʱ˿̺ͣˣʲôֻ֪
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Ҳ˵ԷλĴʦ
͡ף


15 
ְֺǼѵǰᣬԼŮϵǲСŮǸѧеʵеȫͬûһǴϱߵġ
ŶҲǣԱ棬ûŪġ
˵ƺʲôֵý˵顣
ְкܶɻʣŻȽС˵ȥ칫ʦ٣Сְȴ˵绰
ְΪǼĲУʾԼҵʦˣȴСְַǳǸǿȥСżҵ·ˣ˵СżиźСӶ˻꣬æ
ҲǼˣϾְȥѧУҲһܴʦҲû취
֮ǣְְæһ
СְֵǸ⣬ְϲ²ȥģջû˵ʲôֻʾҪ
绰ְЩǸؿ׾ƾƣûſڣͼǰСﵭһЦƺһҲ⣬˵һоƿ֮У岻õǸŵĻǻŵģֻ⡣Ȼûʲô˵ĻҾȻȥˡ
ְզ࣬⻰˼ǣŲã
ӣЩСһô£ôʦڵæתͷͰƲ£ȥˣô˰µ𣿰ٲǰˣ
ְԴˣⶼС£ĸżҲģϾôˣȻȥϿΣҪǺСְҴ󡪡ͬĻٸ˵
еİɣ
Щʧ뿴ƾƳأ

Ͽεʱ򣬷ְϵͬѧоεʱ򣬿۾Ǽ֪ʶ¶ˢǵ飬ϿҲ˶
ѵڿϵĸ
ԼĿζǰһ ѧҲ
Ҫ֪յһ Σڿζǿѧ˯ӣҪóŽ̨ǿNǼע
Ÿ±õ¿λص˰칫ңοʦԼͬѧжŬ֪ǲΪ¿ˡ
ǡøڰʦ˹ȣѧҲҲǰҸжĶˡҪ֪ǰѧҵʷΣ˵˯Ҫҽ˯ˣ죬ӣϿĺأһΪҽνˣ
ȣۣ
ܱʦϡˣôһ˵ҰϺҲѵǼ¿ˣ
ʱ򣬱ҵѧ˳ڵΪдʦԷ
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ݵĿ˹ȥĿ棬ѧ̲סԼеҵôˣ
ѧİζҪˣܻôˣղ˵ʲôԷʲôʦˣſѧ㲻֪𣿡
˵ĸƭӺ㣿Ǯ𣿱ƭ˶٣
ѧŵɪɪ޹СԼҰνͰ͵ǡһǶġ
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˵ǰʲôϵ
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ˣ⺢ӱϴϴĲ!
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ѧİκɸ֣ԴСɵ˼ҵķǻֽģǰֽûԹ⻹û𣿡
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ҲǻŵһҲû뵽ôͷչǰ׾ƾ׬ѡ
ôͳթƭ
˵ţܽһЩ
ʱ򣬰׾ƾվ࣬΢ЦģſڵЩߵ԰թΪָӪṩƷ߷УȡٻֶƭߣʹߵĺϷȨܵ𺦡1
ǣͬķǻ԰壬𣿡
׾ƾº͵Ŀ⿴ˣ˶۾׷ҡҡͷ
ǻ԰棬Ǹ˵һ㶼û
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16 
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šüͷָŸղ˵˵ʲôΪʲôλͬѧ˵ǻ20Ǯһŷ
ɴ۾üһԭǸڹ
Ҷ۾Ƕͷڹꡣ
֪ڲ鷳ʱ򣬡ʦô£λͬѧÿټԽԽȣҶֶѧϰ˯ûҪԷӣע
ǲ֪ڸĵӣӣʲôԷǱĸƭӸˣһͬѧ20飬ٸͬѧ֪֪ҪǱĻ˵թƭ
Ŭ̬û٣Ÿտʼأ˵ˣʦķǴ·˭Ҫеġҷø˵һһģթƭ԰壬ǲթƭأ
˵ʵʦп¿ˮ̣ȶˣǰҲǸĺӣôͻȻͱ
һİ׾ƾƣ׾ƾưͬʲôʦ˵˵
׾ƾǰϵĺѧҹȶΪġ
ʦǸûáңѾѵûо𣿡
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˵Ҫǰ׾ƾôһᣬǿҲԼڵľ״̬
ȷʵǱÿҪͷһЩǲǱ
ССʦãûõĻҲɵߴػЩǮȥ򣬱ϾʮҲǮʳ
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ĳضվԼǰѧǶǸˣ21ЩĶӦöӶģܱ˵ʲôʲô
ͬѧǹɵͷʦ֪ġ
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ѧҡͷǣЧʦŵĻǿһš
ѽѽȻѧǲǵ㶺ҪûõĻôܻ򣿡
ҲѽѽʦҲǮôܻΪ20飬ƭͬѧǮأ
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17 
ȻЩĵĽǺõġ
׾ƾ֮ǰ˵Ǿ仰ĸੲݵԹޣȵٴθ˳
ԭǰ׾ƾ˵ĹЩĵ
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ĸﶼˣӴιҪ˵ѧȻĻһΪԼĸأ⺢Ϳ飡

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׾ƾ򴽣Ǹ30һйſŮļϣȥȭͷӲˡ
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У׾ƾƼֱһĴڣĳΡ
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˵˵˵ҾƼݣҲСײˡǼ̰ƣԸ100ͺŪ˹ȥĵġ
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ڤĺڰһֱڣʬŽֹû뵽ϽֵİΪɶ񣬾Ȼѻ˸ڤ飬ԷǸӡ
˵Ĵʦ˵Ǵʦֵİӿ϶ֹһͷϲ֪մȾ˶һǸŶӣ飬̸ذȥ顣
ǣֳ
Ϊ漰İʶشΪҪԸĸƸĸѺñ͡
ٲڰ칫ѾǰҹۣǸͲұ۾
֪Ľֻô
ΰæµ˰죬ʱĻ٣̲סþԼͷæˡ
Ͻǰ˵Ҫؼҡ
ټվѯôˡ
漰ıȽϹ㣬һʱ޷᰸ƻҪѺһʱ䡣
̲סһʱǶã
廹ҪߵĽչǽȥ漰İӦûʲôϵȽϿ졣ҿ΢͸׸㣬Իϼġ
ð˿ĵСݣҪ˵Ѫ̯ĸĸûõͱǣ򼫶ˣѾԼˡ
ٴȥˣŰһҲܲˡΰ
ãлл塣
ڴϣܹصľһ㣬پһ㡣
õȵ߿
ʱ˸߿֪ͨ飬ǾɣҲñӣ΢һĶֵˡ
л˵
ԤһСϰ塾Ӫ
ϫϫһĪоӪϵͳ󶨣ϵͳúøɣǰ;С
Ϊ˿ɵϫϫƾСĵ棬һƬ˼
⣿⣿ǳУ궼ɣ
ϲɹУýѣ
ࣺססɱ¿ȶ๦Ϊһ壬μ򵥴ʺϼгۼ100ıҡ
ܵϫϫ:⣿⣿
С5δƷƵ࣬100ıҵۣϵͳ֪г黹Ǿ̵ıʣ
Ȼϣ౻һĿߣɪɪµڶԼ򣬽˻°Բ˵ϫϫɵǮࣿ
ˣΪޣһˢʯˢʧڻôԵԼǹ
ϫϫ֪ԭϵͳƷЩƷȫǼʣ߿Ƽ߹ЧţƵĺܡ
ֲһˣƣ۸
ϫϫ
ҲˣúøɣŬϵͳţŰΪţͨͨΣ
23-24
, ڱֻ6
˸Сţ־ͽһص, Сŵĺһһð, ӦӲϾæĺ޲Լͷۡ
ΪʾԼĸ, ͬѧǵʻ϶ظ, ֻǽĹ涨ȫճ, ͳһȺ
ȣʦæ, ÿǸ¸ǻÿ, ĵʱͳһһ㳡һһȥ÷
һݿģʱеķǶűд, ͬѧʱþˡ
Σ֮ǰԷѾûˣΪʦ, ȫ滻ɼǿĻֽһż۸ʮ, ȫ
ÿ޹»һšΪʦæԲÿܶпܹ򵽷, ԿȦ֪ͨ
, ȥԷ֮, Ʃƽ, ȣʦɻửҪ߿ѯ
壬ȥ֮⣬κⷽ˶ѯѰʦİʦῴѡӻǲӡ
ΪʦƽʱҲ·æЩС»ϴ԰ԣƼ˻ظ
ϸּһȷûʲô֮󣬾ͽȺ˳ȥ
յϢͬѧؿУ˵ֱתһٿȥʾҪš
ѧֱţٲԥԥﻹǵĻ᲻ƭӣźģӦܡ
ǾʹһţԳԡ
һŻţǮյĺܿġ
Ϊĩ׾ƾҪȥμӾͷûлƷǮ֮󣬱ȺһϢˣֻܵȵܲõ
׾ƾȴǸӦûͻƷţٶȿĻӦܹȫɡ
˭ѽ𣿡
׾ƾҡҡͷգգۣ¶һĨζЦҲʶġ
Щ£ָָԼҲʶģ
Ŭ˼ʶͬʱҲʶ׾ƾƵģǲǵͬѧ
ԡ
ͬѧǶ֪׾ƾƵʵݣôֽܻأ
˭أ
˼ڤ룬ڴϣһ߸ͬѧ죬һ߶¡
ֱ˯ǰԺкȻֶŰ׾ƾһ±Ƶӣ˲䴹о𣬸ţƾƣҰ֣
ԭԺҪ˯ŵǱһ޺𣬸ŵһ飬׷ױв
񾭰ôϣ׾ƾƳΪְ𣿡
˼˼Ҹղȷʵ˸Σȷʵ˸Ρ
ŷԼˣǾ仰ر塣

׾ƾʱպʰҵϨ˵ϴû˯أͱɵӸЦˡ
Ҳûлظ硣
ڶһ磬ˢأ͵͵һԵİ׾ƾƣǲҰѽǲҰѽ
׾ƾˢͿЦ۾ġ
ˣĬˣҰôö˶˵ĸֽ
˿ĭ˼⣬ʱͷµֻȻͬҵæ嵽ֻˣûйػ𣿡
ԼæͷǰֻػŻص¹ˡ
ҵ¿ڣϽϴֻ
Һʱ֣һǰ̲޵ʱֻˣǲ궿ء
һֻȻִĵ绰
֪ôģȻж֪Ϊʲôƾƻ˵ֻͻֽˡ
ι֣ǲСҪң
ֻû뵽Ĵͨ˵绰ְһĴȣǰ˻ߵؿ޺ô岻סСһؿԼСְ֣صص˵ͷԵĶԵģСԽˣȥһҲûУǿֵԽ
Сְҹ˻һͶǼſˣҰæҴʦ
Ҽǵôʦ˵ĻǻĶԲԣܲܰæһ¡
Ȼ϶ôʦװæʲôģʦھС
˷֣ܵȵȡȥʡ
˳ȥ˲׾ƾƸպϴ½½ضڸԼ飬ûעѡ
Ϲϲţһסֻһ˷ֱܵţȻҲ֪ҪԼġ
ƾƣƾƣСְ㣬˵Ҫæ
׾ƾһԼͷЦų˵ͷǾ鷳ְֽˡ
֮ȥС
˷ܵس˸OKƣȻ˳ȥ̨պøҪҪϴײϣһ±Ƶؿ֪һڷʲô衣
֣ʦ˵ԣȥʦæ١
úúãû⣬ϾȥѧУ
˵绰ְֿ֮Сְ֣˿ʦͬˣҾȥѧУ
Сһظм֣Сְֵ۾ˣסǶͷ̫ллˣ̫ллˣҪĻĲ֪ôźá
֪ǱߵǸƭӵĻǿ϶˷һʱȥǶС
ԭСֻģǴǶ֮󣬲֪ǲǱŵģֵԽ嶼岻ס
ˣҪǶޣ˻˯ţǿһҹû˯ţʵڿסˣһ
Ǽ˯Уɻ֣ɰ۵ĲС
ְ֪ԣҲûǶ˵׼ѧУ
ߵһʱתиܱҪ˵һ¡
ʦأĿ΢ЩͬǲΪвͬͿ෴ģʦΪǳѾܹŰãӦòòȡ˰ɡ
СְָСְ̫ۻ˵⻰˼Ǵ֪ʦܲͣ΢ЩᣬǲŴʦ
ͷ絷⣬ʾԲԴʦκε塣
ְŷġ
СְִС˷䣬ȴʱļȼ尾ֲ
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Сٺòˣ˶Ҫˡ
СҲĺܣ֪ĻҲСǱνš
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˾˯вСֱ
ǲξһ㣬æȥš
壬ʦ𣿡
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Σɳְ֮⣬ֻߴУվǶͤͤʶصŮ
СְֺܻţʦأǻûҪȥ𣿡
ְͷԱŲŲ֣µؽһߵİ׾ƾƣ˵ĴʦʦͬҸղŸ˵΢С˵㡣
ˣ
ǣ΢С˵̫С˰ɣ
ף
Сһʵǽܣ̫սǵļˣ
С򴽣ϵķŸˣ׾ƾƣֻǳƬ̣㿪ڵȻСƼģǿ϶й֮󡪡ʦǼС
衪ĸĸС̣Щ£ΪС̲ǸԽܵˡ
СüһۣȻڴдεŰ׾ƾƽš
С޷ֻܸŽȥȥʱ򣬾СҵĿ޺ˡ
СͼˣϽȥȥʱСĿͻȻͣˡ
˵ʱſڣƼǻɵŮصСĶͷϣԭֲݵСͰ
˫ˮʪ۾¶ؿǰŮ
ŮļӨϸ壬ü䣬ǳЦţͺһ㵭Ĺâһ˿ˣֻ֡
ĵĽ겻Ҳ˲ͺ񱻸ƽһ㡣
СҲĸоԲŻԼС֣ץס˰׾ƾƵͷϵָɿ¶Ц
һСЦˣС̸ְֱţϲ֮С
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һӣĻ԰׾ƾдɣǺ޲õ͸׾ƾƱһʮϹϿҵȾС
СְֱȽϼҪȥͱСһԭء
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ϾղС޵һһ٣ѾĲϲˡ
ȻҲΪʦȷʵЩǵϡ
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С̶Դ׾ƾƵ̬ԽĹСѯСǺ
׾ƾҡҡͷԼָӺӵг
ЩˣҪ۵ؿޣ׾ƾƾĶһ£ɢźӵɢܣʼغߺ
ûУСǲǼǰ˾
ԵĶԵġ
СæصͷҶϱСɢؼңʲôණˣС˾ʱֲֹڶͿʼգһֱòˡ
׾ƾƵͷȷʵһ꣬ԲŻᾭ֡
СˣʱһĴȵҾ֪϶ǶˡȥϱǵſˣҲô˵ģһҲûУСֵøˡ
׾ƾƽ͵Сܾپţͻء
ҪôСҪ̳𣿡
׾ƾֵؿһۣƺ˵ôô룬С̽͵Ǹžôģɱ˼
׾ƾƣ޹ֺСᾪĸˡ
ҡҡͷҪ
˵꣬ȡСһͷָӡɿ죬һ룬Ǹͷ޻ȼð˵̣ڳĿɿڴ׷Ϣҳ
׾ƾ˳Ʈɢķȥ׾¶֮ɫ
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СְֻæʵСʦΪʲô¶ı飿
׾ƾ֣ǸȼŵͷƮȻ£ڿȼմûãҲʧĸɸɾеС⣬ȥҡ
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ĿͰ׾ƾ뿪ϰ£
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СˣۿֺˣǺľٶǰֻȤǰͲôʹˡ
СְֱοһûµģûµģСʦ϶ǰСĻһġ
СˣǳôƺģдʦǰӸСʲô˼ײ࣬ǰͲôʦΪ㲻𣿡
СְֱͷʦӦòôСɣСʦƢͦõġ
Сȥһ٣Сְֲҳˣһԡ
ѵԼĶӺС̿һԵְ֣ϽлС̫ллˣҪ㣬ɲ֪ôźã
˵ţӶͳһҪ͹ȥְָϽƴǣããС̲ôҶھӣҪЩ
ܲãȥӴʦææȥġ㲻գôȥСӲ˹ȥְûܾɹֻܲ˼ˣﻹģԼĸûȻ
ϣʦˣܰСĻһҲ֪ǳʲôС⣿
СְѰڷⲽСͷۣ£ʵ㣬ʦ˵С϶С⣬õôߴߴᡣ
Сְ죬ⲻǵ裬Ͳ𣿡
СȴǱжˣͳ׾ƾ¶֣ܲǸʱСԽԽʦֻССЦˣڻôĵԼĽѾӣ˵˴ʦ֮
Դʦ˵С⣬ǾԾС⡣
һߣ׾ƾƸ̵ķһ·ߣһСƼСʧһꡣ
ԷĻǱֻ֣ԭشתһѹٻ
˵С飬ָܳɹôʧܡ
߽С˳־ǺȻӶͳһƤʱȣ׾ƾƴѧУʱ˳ִǦʺõġ
һʩͽСһ갲ƤС
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ⲻǺ
һ룬ǺֱһĽɣԭצĺͣˣյز׾ƾûԤϴĻʱ䣬ֻûȫͻк⡣
ҲͽΪʲôСһϻк
ر𰡣
׾ƾ̧ۿԷݣӲ༫ķۿȥޱȣͬһ㣬޲ֱͦıɽǵĴ껡Уɫȴķǳ׵ķɫΪۣѩʢĺ÷֮úܺÿǾŮһܸѪܵ
ȫŷ֮ʱǵӰĻɳĻ棬
׾ƾգգۣȥò⣬ע⵽
񼫹˼ѣƫƫȴùΪ񣬹²⻤壬ԼôңҲܴδη̩ƽȹ
ȻִѲУССȴǲϣܱ߸ߵĽʲô̫õ³
ʱһãϵĽҲỤס
ȥ϶ֽţԴԴϵϳȡ£ˡ
ǲ߶ǿҵĴʣ
л˵
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ԤһСϰ塾Ӫ
ϫϫһĪоӪϵͳ󶨣ϵͳúøɣǰ;С
Ϊ˿ɵϫϫƾСĵ棬һƬ˼
⣿⣿ǳУ궼ɣ
ϲɹУýѣ
ࣺססɱ¿ȶ๦Ϊһ壬μ򵥴ʺϼгۼ100ıҡ
ܵϫϫ:⣿⣿
С5δƷƵ࣬100ıҵۣϵͳ֪г黹Ǿ̵ıʣ
Ȼϣ౻һĿߣɪɪµڶԼ򣬽˻°Բ˵ϫϫɵǮࣿ
ˣΪޣһˢʯˢʧڻôԵԼǹ
ϫϫ֪ԭϵͳƷЩƷȫǼʣ߿Ƽ߹ЧţƵĺܡ
ֲһˣƣ۸
ϫϫ
ҲˣúøɣŬϵͳţŰΪţͨͨΣ
25-26
Ļ˳Լ߷Ϻõ, ĪС︽ͬѧУУŮ޶á
ֱü΢΢һ, Ȼǳٵˡ
Ҳϰˡ
һٵ, ĻỳԼˡ
Ӱ׾ƾƵ·Ŀƽؿǰ, ͻȻֵŮ⡣
׾ƾĿ뿪, , ͼһƬĺ֮У˵ӰЧ
ʱ, ͻȻŶҴҵ˹һߴŵ绰, һ߷ϵϣǸһξ룬ǵù˽ţֱֱˤǸ
, ˤʱ˲һһ١
˰һ¾ˤڵ, ۵졣
ðβԼϵĻ, ֻּ̾Լ浹ù
վһԱܿĻεЦЦ, û˵ʲô
Ļһ, ƽջĿ, ǰȥ
ɫƽ, ·ϣǰͻȻˤ˵˲
׾ƾƾվ󿴣ţбζ
Щȷʵͦùġ
׾ƾƵüȻ֪Щ޹ˤΪǸϺ֡
Ǻϲòһ±ˡ
ϵĽһֱŬѹЩЩƴһΪ©֮㡣
ңְܳæ
Ϊһ֣ϵĺϹɵһϣʱֻǼ򵥵ˤһӿ»ݱظأ׻ΣѪֲ֮Ǵ⡣
̫ˣԲܹô׼κһˤǰܿҲиصΣա
ǿֺЦġ
׾ƾ룬ԼһС飬ȻһСӱĺ֮С
ԭצĺͱյġ
ǣҪˤСѱȻ辫׼طסˡ
СŮǵش˴СŮĶͷ費Ǹ˵ܶ·Ҫ·ġ
СŮߣػ֣費Ҫ´һԹԵġ
ĻĿСƻһɰСϣ¶󣬵ܿݼš
˼ãϾҲûзȻ١
ĻҲ֪ԼùԼôԶ·˶ܵӰ졣
ˣҲٸ˽ôӴ
Ϊ˱ΪɲҪ鷳
ѧУʱҲУܵϵͬѧԶԶģҲӴʦ
ΪǿԿѧУʱϵĽҲΪ˵ԸץεģĴҴܡ
Ҳܻⷢ
ͻȻˤŤţαҵҽԺǿԵʱ򣬱оûˮ˻ƤˣѾǷǳˡ
Ļһ βŽңͬѧҲϰΪ
Ͼٵǳе顣
Ϊʲôٵû֪
ϾĻùɨǵû˸ҸѣҲû˸Ҹ˵
Ȼû֪Ϊʲôᾭٵ
ѧУӦǸʦÿϿγٵʦǶԭ
ÿεԭôЦԷǣȴȻ죬ͻȻˣԼβųɹ
ȥѧУĻֱӱȥĻĻ֪͵÷ϣġ
ЩʦҲڱп⺢ӿǵù
ͬҲ̫ˡ
˵ûĸʦǲ֪ġ
ССͣĸΪȥȻ˵һ⳥ҲΪһ⳥Ը
ǻ⡣
Ǽ˳⣬Ǽĺ
֮ǹľսСС˾һ
һĸһͽ˳ȥ⳥𶼲á
ʱݶΪȻ
ֻΪǼԼùѣΪǱǮȻվ˵Ը
ǳһģһ⡣
֮ǼݵͻȻͲˣû͹
ټ֮ǰķԷܿڶҲˡ
ǼȥòǮȻǲģŴĻǶŪǮ
ǮûŪ֣ǼȴĪرƭһǮһǮպøĻҪֵĽһ
һֱǰǼŵƨ˵ĻɨسţĻҪʲôǮ
ǮҪҪǵȻСҪ
һȥû˸Ļ
ܱߵھӶҲ˱ᡣ
ҲûھӿСĸ˫ֲƽչ˵ġ
ƽߵĽæؼҺǻ⡣
ˤһӰˤˣǳԶúóţԼҭסˣýҽԺ
һȥģĻɨתҲԽԽǿ
ܱߵھҲҸӴֻǵڡ
ĻԼסԼңĿİس
ʦҲæǲ֪ǲĻԼҲЩųʦȥңҲϲʦӽ˵úԶԼǸһʦ
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Сְ֣
׾ƾߵСߣָӡĨסȷû󣬲˿΢΢׵ûʲôˣΪСһƽʱ϶СС֣ǷһŰߡ
Сְʦ㻭İǳãܲһţ
׾ƾƵǿԣûɰֽ
С̿ԼһָԪĴӣϲԸµʦ֪򵽣Եȡ˵˳˳ȥȻסĲãǸܱߵھʹһƬЩطģһ
ܵСһҲĵһĺãʦôȻǻǮ໭ţֽŶǮò͸ʦɣ´ʦЩͨͨĻֽҪ
ʦ㿴ֽɲԣ
С̷˻ɰһֽ˰׾ƾƵǰ
Щֽһ㣬Ƕڰ˵Ѿˡ
ͷԣò˶١
СȥСİ֮⣬ʦܲٻţǮһ㡣
ŵ⣬׾ƾȻƴǡ
һʮŵĻֽȫҶһ飬Ҳòôࡣ
ûϵûϵģʦҪǲĻ͸㡣ǷҲûá
ǾллˡʱǮ㡣
ҪҪûǮʦžС
׾ƾûƴǣֳһţëմɰ±ʷɿ죬һ㣬ûӣһŰѾɡ
ְҲչȥ֮ǰõڲݸֽϻİһģһֻȻ֮ǰǰҪÿĶࡣ
ֽϺɫģɵһ˲䣬ȥĽ𺳡
ҵҲ֮ǰĲ֪Ҫߴ϶ٱ
ְֿ˶۲̲סʦ֮ǰŮǼʲô𣿡
׾ƾһʼһ߽͵ûʲô𣬾ǿɳʹõʱвǸʱûлƷɰֻֽͨŽһ£԰ЧʱȽ϶̡һֻҪΪ𻵾һֱá
׾ƾƽְֵ֮۾һݣ
ϽҲƤǴʦܸܲҲţҲ򡣡
ŵ˭᲻Ըأ
׾ƾȻǵͷһǻҲǻַӵ顣
갲֮󣬰׾ƾƽŷۺãС¶
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Сûд֮ôͿԷڼšƽСɹɹ̫á
һȻ׻ţɹ̫ϰϾûʲôˡ
Сһڸм֣Ҳ˰׾ƾƾñȽıꡣ
һǮ֣׾ƾ˲ͲΪԼǳˣȥʱ򣬻˳Ÿֱ̡
뵽ԼЦҲԽʵУԺʲôҪæĻҲҡ
׾ƾƽ׽ˣԸãǿһ㶼ܲ⣬æѯʰ׾ƾƵϵʽ
׾ƾƱʾԼûֻֻ͸ͬѧʱְ֣ȻְҪ롣
Сְͷ֪뵽ʦȻŮͬѧ
ҲŶϵУһģһ
Ǽֱߴˣ
ְ׼׾ƾƻѧУ׾ƾȴʾҪȥֻ
ϾҲˣƽʱȻòֹֻؼʱҪûֻĻ˿ɾ£סˡ
ҳ˸Լֻ֮⣬׾ƾƻ׸Ҳˡ
õĶֻܴ绰ŵ֣û
ְֲֻ֮Ͱ׾ƾƻѧУ
ְǴ׾ƾƳ˷ȥģǰ׾ƾ˵ˣҪϻȥϿΡ
ϾѧѧҵΪְҲ⣬ԸϽ˻ȥ
ͻȥʱ򣬸պһڿν׾ƾƻʳҲȥˣæԵô
׾ƾƳ°ͣҳõ𣿡
ѧߵĲˣ׾ƾƲ͵͵óһֽҾͰԷãĵ˵ĻҲҪͬѧ˵ʱҪƵˡ
һƷֻߺ666˹ȥס׾ƾƣֱУƾ̫ˡ
֪Ҿ͸Ұ˵һһЩǾͲҪˡ
ɲġ
ʲô
±Ƶصɴ۾Ǿƾ㲻˵Ұ𣿡
׾ƾ޹ػʲôʱ˵޳Ľëգգȥ崿޹

𣬲ҹǽϣ׾ƾȷʵûͷӦĻƷȻˡ
ƾƣû⿴Ц
֨ҽУ˹ȥӰ׾ƾƵѰ׾ƾӵǶأЦӶðˣҴˣҴˣ֡
ߣҲŲأɣԽ䱾
û뵽ƾȻҲô
Ļ·һʱ򣬸պƼ˿ŮЦֵӣһƺġ
ŮӵƺЩܲˣ۽ǺһƬȥ˴һ۷ۣˮһƬŵǳζ
һ£ӭŷ磬չ֫ĻǶѾʻķɡ
ĻŲ΢٣ջĿ⣬ԼĽȥ
׾ƾһӾͷʵԴЧ벻ѡ
׾ƾƿ棬ʶҲ˹ȥŶ
׾ƾƺʵʶ
Ȼ
ƲƲ죬֮ǰ˵Ǹù𣿺ǽʲôĻͦģҲ˧ϧ̫á׷Ůÿһֵܼģȫù˴·ˡ
ϾɫٺãҲͲа
ᵽĻȻ뵽Լ߿Ŵа֣ƾƣܿĻΪʲôôùѵù˲
׾ƾƲ˵ģֻһ䣬ȷʵЩ⣬ǲ⡣ƽҲҪߵ̫Ҫ֫Ӵ㣬á
զ࣬ƾƶô˵ˣĻ϶Ⱑ
˵ʲôⰡ
׾ƾñһ£ٰԣ顣
Ĺӣ֪׾ƾǲ˵ˣֻҪѹԼĵİԣʱˣɱȥʳã극˳Ÿ׾ƾƴ˷
ϻз󣬰׾ƾֿʼȫͶ뵽ľϣͷ׶̹ɣŬˣȫͬѧٴθʰ·磬ð׾ƾƿ϶Ҳ˴ʦķŸôȻ˯о
˵Ҳʼڴõˡ
ᵽԷ󣬺޲ʱַӾ͵ա
һڿΣʦҽһ¾飬ǰθģκζԷյ˸СӣҲûʱԾͰʦˡ
˵עҪĶԼ췢ʱʦҲռôҶʱ䣬¿ΣͬѧǻһƬ
27-28
ҿյ, ΪμӾͬѧʰؼˣȫΨ׾ƾƻ
ûȥȥ׾ƾƷø, ɴ˸ͨĴ, ʱˣȥһ, ӵʱ, ׾ƾ۾, ɫȥһ㶼ֻ˯һСʱӡ
, ڵתһ飬ܿͳȥϵƣ, ȥȡ
ڷУӳŰ۵СԽľӨ͸ͲͨҹӰ졣
ǱƼ, ȻĽ໽С
ΪҪȥһбԳӾҪ𶯣ҪһСʱ, ˵ӿʼԣʱ˵ʵͦŵġ
, һʦǰ֪ͨѧʱҪ˯ͷźá
׾ƾƾ, η塣
ϴ, ȥʳ˼, Ȼͳͣء
ͳͣѧУĿյ, ֻ
ÿ꼶һ԰׾ƾƲɱؾ͸Ļٴײϡ
׾ƾƳŰϳʱ򣬳Ѿ˴󲿷ֵˣĿ⻹ǵһʱ䱻ͳϸʻǸλĻ
ֻһһƺ͵Ƥشǰɹ
׾ƾüͷһֲһͽǺˡ
ǰĻԷڵͷ飬ǰĸʻŴʦԷڼ׾ƾƵʱһЦϽҸλ¡
׾ƾƹԹԵصͷҪҸλ£ͼڵһŵŮ֣ƾƣߡ
ŮҶ¹ǰ׾ƾƵͬͬѧĺƽʱ׾ƾƵĽ࣬żвĿҲ̰׾ƾơ
ĹϵЩϾҶ¹һҲǸ罻ţ֢ߣһʱܱȵֻѼӣڰ׾ƾƶ߸¸¸µؽˡ

׾ƾ΢΢һЦͬǼ򵥵ɫߵУҶ¹ԼͺɫΪԵȸˡ
ɿ˼Ұ׾ƾƴģرഺһȦɫĵԽӨ󣬺ÿĲһ㡣
߸ߵβ·΢΢εŤͷһЦʱ򣬿ɲǵС඼ȥˡ
ֱǳ¹Ĵʰ
Ҷ¹һпһ̵ؿŰ׾ƾߣµʱҶ¹ŵһַǳŵϢ
ˮζɢһϢ
ŷǳ
ͳȴʱһֱУһɵζҶ¹γˣĲöġ
ǰ׾ƾһ֮;ˡ
Ҳ֪ǲΪϵǹϢֱѹ͵Ķζ
֮Ҷ¹ͦ˵ģʼߴߴظ׾ƾ˵쾺顣
׾ƾƾżҲ˵ϼ䣬˳㻹ָҶ¹Ϊֹ˵һЩ⡣
Ҷ¹˫ðؿԼϺס׾ƾƣԼһľ̫ȷˡ
׾ƾƽӴ࣬׾ƾһѧϰϣԳȥ֮⣬ٸ˽Ӵ
Ҳº͵̬ȶԴӲܾ߰
Ϊ֮ǰԭĬԵ̫ģԼڵİ׾ƾƸԭвͬǰϵЩͬѧʵɲô׾ƾ˵
Ҷ¹˵ǰΨ׾ƾߵǱȽϽͬѧ
ǰ׾ƾļŮ׾ƾƵĽӴҲȽٵġ
Ͼ׾ƾƴ飬ټԽԽƯŮֹ̾һʱ֮Ҳҿ
Ҷ¹Ӵһȷ˰׾ƾĳ˵
˭ϲأ
лξĻᣬͰ׾ƾͬѧ˸顣
ŴͳҶ¹Ѿܹ׾ƾһСʳˡ
˵һξҲнѧֻֻǸǰҿ϶ûϷ
Ҷ¹һ߰ؿСУһ߿Ű׾ƾƣҾþƾο϶ϣ
׾ƾƵĳɼͺãȥμӱʱͲһ㡣
ôŬû
׾ƾﺬҶ¹ǣߵչĹģҶ¹۾Բ峺ƯһƬԵرˮУ޳ĽëգͺųĺɫΡΡΨƯҶ¹̲סҪһ׾ƾƹҵС
Ҷ¹̾ڴʱ򣬿϶Ϲġ
Ȼ׾ƾôNŮأ
ˣƾƣ֪һǰʱ˼𣿡
׾ƾһãҡҡͷʲô£
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˵ţЩп˵ѧҲμξ˵ģϧڵļҳô£֪ǺҲҪӵ𣿡
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ԭĵѧǷ׷̽ͷʦô
ʦҲһ£˾˾ϨˣԵȣȥ
ѧŶŶ˼͵͵۾ڸʻĻ
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ɲǸһһ϶ûµѽ
ˣſ˰СʱһСʱءһٵô죿
Ӧûðɣǰ˵㿪ʼǾ㵽ǣҲߵ롣
ߵԤƵʱ䣬߷壬һ³궿ˣ
ȥμӱʱ˸࣬ҼǵǷһͬѧҲ⣬ٵʮӡ
ȥôҵ𣿡
Ϊأɨǣùɲǰ״ġ

ѧǱԹСĶ
ʦüͷ΢壬ֹֻһ⣬ҲҪϹ롣˾ʦ޺ˣǾ·ˡ϶ٵġ
ʱ˾˹޳ߣ˼ǰ޹ģôطֳˣ
Ļ򴽣Լ顣
ûУûУ˾˵ǰ޹ģ϶ΪǸһˣԳֳˡ
ʦ϶Ҳ֪ģΪʲôܵԼȥ
ᰥ

Ҷ¹СеĶѹŰ׾ƾ̾Ǻõùǰ˵ǧҪùظĻͬһû뵽ıѻ˵ˡ
׾ƾƿǶƽĲƺԴҶۺ⡣
Ψ׾ƾƿõϵĽ˾˵ӻ˵ʱ򣬱ƽʱҪԾ˺ܶ࣬ƴؽЩܳȥĺץ
˵һҲͦùߵġ
׾ƾ룬³Ҷ¹һ±ƣƾʲôȥ
׾ƾƻͷ˾ʦ޳պҲһ㣬ܲܰæ
Ҷ¹ɵˣ׾ƾƻ޳ô
ͬѧˣ̲ס΢΢ֱȥơ
ĻһתͷƼ˰׾ƾƴ·Ծζβ紵ϡ
ػա
Щġ
Ļʶץɫһ䣬ĿݵıԶȥıӰвԾض˼ǡ
ΪǸ׾ƾƵŮ
ֻһëͷ
ĻЩ鱾һǣʦ͸ǰĳŰ׾ƾƸ޳ʦǶ˵عͷƼĻ΢ɫο䡣
ĻͬѧĻϣǶϹ˵ġ
Ļ򴽣һȴҪˡ
׾ƾƿһ۸ڷϵĺһ߸˾ʦ˵ŻһװǷһݵһ¾ˡ
˾ʦ˺һûܳɹĥСĽ飬˸ԣû뵽ĳɹˡ
Ű׾ƾһЦû뵽ССͻ֪޳
׾ƾǣԶѣȻȥˣ˾ʦ
˾Цеصͷϳǰǣϳӡ
ˣҷȸԾҲ˿
Ҷ¹׾ƾƻϽιһˮѹѹ
ҿ£ֻ˷ӣûãʲô⡣
׾ƾѹѹǿǹЩͲʲôѽҲ˵ʲôĻǸùĻֻǳӳ˵Сѣ˾ʦһ޲޺𣿡
Ҷ¹˼ͷҲǿҶô˵Ҳ˵ġ
׾ƾƿԼǲͬĿ⣬ǸúúãҲ˵ˡ
ͷͬѧǶֵ˵ԷǸùʱҶ¹Ťͷȥ˼ҲҪ˵
㱻˺ù𣿡
ǱͬѧˣǣѧУĸͬѧ֪
۳ѧҪʦڣ֣µؽѧҸͬѧȡºţ˳ѧڳϱϢһϾ硣
Ļ飬΢Ŀڵһϣ׾ƾǶǣĿ⿴Ŵ⣬ŷ羰⣬ȥûܵղŵӰ졣
΢΢˿
·ûκε⣬ҰȵһС
׾ƾƸҶ¹ֵظڴʦĻڶ棬κнӴ
ʦ˵һעԼѧǲҪţ󣬾ȥ
׾ƾƣҶ¹ĻͬһҶ¹ͷĻﻹеƵġ
Ȼڰ׾ƾǰ˵ǸùĻù˵ǽͦսľġ
׾ƾƿҶ¹Щӣ֪ʲôˡ
ļ򣬡İɣĿԣ϶ʲô鷢ġ
Ҷ¹һ߼ԼıʺУһ̾ϣɣ
׾ƾû˵ֻǷߵ˸۵ɵصбĻϡ
һ룬צĺյˣŽ⣬ϵĺɵһɶ
ֻֻʱģûãЩֻӳ
ҵƽ󷨣ĻҲֻʱѹƶѡ
Ŀǰ״Ҳܹάָ죬οƽƽûκضȹ
ԿʼĻȫעͶ뾺֮УȻҲȴķ
ϾÿοԶ֣Ѿϰˡ
Ҳ˷дϰߡ
ϾҪǶ㣬ıʿܾͻĪسˮ
ˮҲˣͬѧıҲȫ⡣
ʦỨѴʱڸ档
ȻĽܸڿǰһУ̼飬Ļδ顣
ǽžȻûгκε⡣
Сıİ׾ƾҲȵؿԣǰˡ
ϵͬѧҲǣĻûκʦ˵ԼĿþ߳
ڿҲЩˡ
Ȼû
ȻĻһҪԵʱ⣬ֻСôೡһ⣬ͻȻûУûϲ֮У衣
һǺ浹ùӿſأ
žģһľ񾭽΢Щƣ롣
ʦƼˣΪǽ쿼ԹѣĻҲЩ
ҲԾһεľȷʵǱ˺ܶ࣬ѹȻóѧˡ
ڳϵʱ򣬴ʦͬѧһʾȷʵѣѣѧУͬѧҲѡԴҲҪţӾͿԡ
ͬѧǻǶߴߴ˵ŽľԴ𰸵ʱ򣬰һƬ
ǻ϶Ұ׾ƾƶԵĴ𰸣Ͼ׾ƾҲǹϵѧԡ
֮ŷѧĲǰ׽еġ
Ϊ׾ƾƺÿһĿˡ
껹
ȻҲͬѧȽϰԣѯҶ¹ǸĻһûʲô𣿡
Ҷ¹ԭȻսսģõԾֱȫͶУû뵽Ļʲô¡
һҲȷʵûʲôֵ顣
Ҷ¹ǴģֻѣĻûʲôϵ
شûʲô鰡ҿԿÿء
ļٵģ˵ĻͬһĻ𣿡
Ҷ¹Բ۾ɱ˵ʲôⰡ㿴Ҹ׾ƾƸͬģû⣬ѧУͬѧҲûڿԵʱԼʲôⰡҪơ
Ļͬѧĺء
𣿡
ʻͬѧЩˣҪҲûиĻֻͬ˵ÿθͬʱ򶼻⣬ԲŻôԡ
׾ƾһԸͬѧ֮˳ſڵôͬѧܻķϾҪԣҽţĺ
ֻ뷨ԲŻЩȫѧУͬѧʵûء
׾ƾҲô˵ˣͬѧ˼ȥڨڨԼλá
Ļ˶䣬ͷԼϰ⣬һԲ
ֻ˫ķһ˿ã
ȥ·ϣҲûٷʲô⣬һжǳ˳
ԭĵͬѧҲʼĥǲԼе̫ˡ
ڶֻ磬ܽȥʱҲûκε⣬ԵʱҲ
һӴĲʲôùùⲻˡ
ʵͰǰûʲôѽ
˳ɻˡ
׾ƾվǰ߳ңѵʱĴ䡣
ΪյĹϵһûʲôˣܰ
һȦһѧ¥Ƽһãԭشתꡣ
괩һеУɫ԰ףͷӬһ㣬ƬյȥȴôҲû취뿪
׾ƾͣ˽ŲնĿߣһ룬˫ƺָɣֹͣν߶Ϊ
á
òضŰ׾ƾƴкУѧ𣿡
ְ׾ƾϵУѧУġ
׾ƾƵͷĿƵԴתһȦѧУμӾ
ȻԭǲμӾͬѧѾǿԵ⣬ôˣ
ŵĲУϽתĽȥȴպøӽѧ¥ǰѧ
סˣͷ˿Լ壬ֿ˿Ǹϴȥͬѧ
һʱ䣬ѡ
ԭѾ𣿡
¶ãֿɬЦѾʵ
29-30
׾ƾƿ, ڳҶ¹˵Ǹ¥ɱ
ûпѯʣͼãȻؿдżľ, ΪʲôԿ, ܸ˵
Ϊ˶ԼȻĻ, ղǸͬѧͲֱӴ洩ȥ
׾ƾ΢΢һЦ, Ϊмѧϡ
Щ, ˵ôܣⲻѧ
һ뵽Լ񶼳˹, ǻʲôѧأ
ԭ𣿡
૵ܰұ𣿡
׾ƾƳ, ѡ˸ͤ£˵˵ʲô
򴽣Ĭ˼֮Ż
г³Ĭ, ǳĬԣԸ򣬸ĸһ, Զ˺
ټϸĸ֪ʶӣ˵ǼѧΧŨ
ƫ, ǳɼ棬ƺ⣬ҪҲϸ
ǰĳɼȶڰ༶ǰʮ, ȫУǰʮ, ĳɼ, ĸԶԶ
Ҫá
ϾȫУǰʮֻǶһ˵, һ⣬ʡﻹкüС
߿ʱǧľţǰʮôĿ棬ͼһ˻
ڸĸĸҪϱ׼³ĬһֱŬҪﵽʧ
СҲϰ
ֻϰߣԴ˾ȻܣҸ֡
෴ģܣԽٽԽ
ѹЩʱ޿̲ﲻĸҪô졣
ټϳ˵飬¿һӾ͵
ĳɼ֪֮󣬵ʹӹ˾˹Ӱ༶˳ȥ𣬵еͬѧ棬ָ
ĸûΪʲôĳɼôûΪʲôɫȥô԰ףûǲΪʱʲô飬ֻһָŭôһĶӡ
ƽʱ޹æûʱ丨Ŀҵרȥ˸ʦϿ˵㾡ȫѪ
ٽ߿¿ҪĿϣȻô࣬ڳĸ˵Խܡ
ָͬѧǺĿ⣬ܵʹ࣬³ĬڳĬбڳĬǣ嶯֮£ųĸͬѧֱӴȷȥ
ٽʱ򣬳³Ĭûк£෴ģȻúɡ
һԼڿԽ˵ɡ
ʧȥʶ֮󣬾Ҳ֪淢ʲôֱ׾ƾƵĳֻ
Ҫļˣ
³Ĭȴҡҡͷ԰¶ɬЦҲ裬ӳŮɷÿҳԸ
ֻûǸҰʵǵԸѡ
׾ƾһôµĶӣô˺
ȻѧϰȷʵҪѵһӳѧϰ֮⣬ûֵǹ
Ҫǣ³Ĭǳɼ޿ɾҩ෴ģĳɼ㣬ĸĸھ󾫡
׾ƾƶĸĸⲢҿۡ
ôҪӳŮɷԼ»¯ȥѧϰ
Լȥһѧ
ѹô£
㻹ʲôûи˵
ȻĸûϵôҪĶӦˡ
һγ³ĬĬʱã޳Ľë£ԭͲ԰ɫȥԽĽ˾ϧ
ǰϵʦ
׾ƾƵüİų³Ĭôչ
¿֮ǰǴΣΪ岻ʦˡ
ʦԹΪɣȥУҽҼ飬Уҽ͸ҿ˸ðҩָҹ˵ƿʦԱҡ
ʱһܸлʦΪڣԾԼҲûôµټҩãҾ˯ˡ
ʱ򡪡
³Ĭ˵ʱɫ΢΢ЩŤҪֻһ꣬ȻĻݶܰԼĴҧѪˡ
ϵȻһʱ䣬Ÿûʲô
׾ƾüͷһ壬ָһ˿³ĬĶС
ûͷ̵ĳ³ĬһʹǻԭѾڿֲͫҲĻָ֮ǰǳɫҲԼʧأŵضŰ׾ƾ˵лл
Ϊһٶó³ĬҲԽŰ׾ƾƵ
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ǰʱʦεʱͷǳչʱʱظڴơ
Ǹʱ³ĬֻΪʦ˺ãѧǷУҽԺǼ֮󣬳³Ĭ֪֮ǰЩ֫ӴıѾá
ȻûܵʵԵ˺ΪһȻԼ𾴵ʦԴʦڿ֮в˵ȥ
óֻ˽ա
һڳ³Ĭ˵ֱ׺䶥
ܴټϱԸûʲôѣ֪֮ôźá
ټԼƬƿʦУ͸ӵͶĸ˵
ԭͲԽȶ¿֮ǰʦƲԾԼסƬΪҪЮ棬һֱӽ³Ĭ
¿ʱûǸ˼ڿϣڻֲ̿ʹȥΡ
Գĳɼֱ˾°͡
£ĸ׵ָʹͳѹյһݡ
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ˣˣˣͽˡ
ǳ³ĬҲû뵽ԼȻʶ
ӦǰŮԭ
һһǳѧʦȻĻôãһֱûκεʶôͻȻ׾ƾƳˣͼһС
Գ³ĬȲ׾ƾơ
Ҫǣ³ĬҪø¶֪ͬѧܵʦ˺
ܰ𣿡
³ĬСؿŰ׾ƾƣҿԸ㱨ġ
ҵѹǮпҿԸ˵п롣
׾ƾѹֵ³Ĭ˵ĺЦˣȻ豨ץС͵𣿡
³ĬȻҲǷӦˣЩɥĻҺûʲôܹ㡣
׾ƾưڰ֣º͵ؿҪʲôպҲʦ
ͬʱҲͬһŷǳģϧ̯ļͥʦ
׾ƾư̾˿֮ȥͶ̥ϣ±ܹԼôѹ֡
³ĬһЦȥĺܣлл㣬ˣһ֪ʲô֡
ҽа׾ƾơ
³Ĭлվضһлл㣬׾ƾͬѧһԶǵġ
Ļ±ԽԽǳͶ̥ʱ䣬֪޾رⱩɹô죬ִͳŲסˡ
׾ƾ룬վ˳ժԴһƬҶӣȻʩ³ĬĻǷҶƬ֮У
׾ƾƵĳһǹֵĿǣһ棬ǹֵĲƷ
ؼǿ׾ƾҪôá
Ҷеĳ³Ĭоˣмس׾ƾ˵лл
ҶУܼ磬³ĬһЩҲ߶
ҶӷϣҶӻܸԼһǰƶ
׾ƾҶǰҪҶҲҪ˵
³Ĭ׵صͷǰ׾ƾͬѧôұأ
ҵѧУϣһسǱȽ鷳ҲûǸʱ䣬ԽͰȴˡ
죿
³ĬЩȣǽ첻ϿΣʦҲڰ
ڣѵǲȥ𣿡
׾ƾ΢΢һЦų³ĬժһƬҶӣñҶƬϻһԲͷԲԵСˡ
Ȼ˳űʵĺۼС˸˺˳
˺֮ʩСҶ˾͸һССŶȥȥɰ
³ĬͶųOͣСҶˣٿԼڵ׾ƾͬѧΪʲôҲӣ
ⲻǸղû뵽ҪϲӵĻҲԸŪ
˵ţ׾ƾҲһСˣĵػ۾͡
СҶ˶ŵĳ³Ĭֵض첲ȣԼ档
׾ƾæֹˣʱӡֱ˺ѣҶƬˡ
³ĬЩ˼ջ˫ȣС˼ʵûôƤġ
ֻһʱ֮˼ѡ
׾ƾȴЦŵкƤȻ棬İӰ졣
³Ĭһ̶ȵĲǲ
³Ĭһߵ˰׾ƾƵֱߣŸСҶˣǰ׾ƾͬѧȥأ
׾ƾƴ˿СҶͶʯȻֽƬ㵥ȣƨߵߵһ¥ȥ
³Ĭ֪ȥĶ̲ס˰׾ƾơ
׾ƾƽ͵ҪȥʦȻҪ֪Ǹһסַ
ҵסַ֮󣬾ֱȥˡ
³ĬˣԸ𣿡
׾ƾƲ˲ϲдҶգƤƣƯһ˿⣬ԸԸͲ˵㡣
³ĬȻ׾ƾֶΣʦ׵ĻӦҲѡ
ʼѯ׾ƾЩ¶ôѧġ
׾ƾ˳ڱ˵һ飬ֻЩľ
ó³ĬĿɿڴԭֻһС۾·ŴСڵһš
ֶ˼
ԭϻô顣
³Ĭп֣һʱ֮䵹ЩԼô磬û׾ƾ˵Щ档
תһ룬ԼûⱲҲ֪Щ
Լˣñʹ࣬Ҳó챻ҪúѧϰܸǶ
о˺ܶء
˵䣬СҶַɱŻˣ˳ʯĽȻվ˰׾ƾƵģΪûͣǶֱȻ
ȥ˼ˡ
Ȼ֮СҶ˾ͺԼ񣬷һƮ˰׾ƾƵ֮ϣûٶ
׾ƾƽСҶ˷˱ʺ֮УûнֱӶ
ҪǾԼҶ˺ôһСҶҲʵף´Ҫ飬ҪСҶ˰æĻֱ߶ͳɣҲҪԼ鷳ѭð
߰ɡ
׾ƾ̯֣ó³ĬģȻԼ¿ڴϡ
ѧУУһСڴŲʲôǷŸƤֽƬʲôģǼ򵥵ġ
Խ³Ĭ֮󣬸ոպá
ھҪȥʦ𣿡
³ĬЩţЩڴ
׾ƾƵԵģڴ֮ǰҪҵĴʦ˵һ¡
׾ƾȥҴʦʾҪسһ㶫ԾͲһͳȥˡ
ʦȻǲġ
һѧسʲô飬ʦοǺܴġ
ʦ㲻õģҾȥ廪һ顣˳Ұ㶫ϾѵòһΡһѧУ֮ʦһ绰ƽġʦôˣֲǺӡ
׾ƾƳɣѧϰɼֺãεжֲΪ̰棬ֻҪȥϣԴʦԥһҲͷӦˡ
ð׾ƾ֮ѧУҪô˴ͳ
׾ƾƹԹԵصͷʦ֮󣬾ʹǰСҶ˸ĵַ
ǵطʦģһһ
׾ƾվ¥£ûȥ
Ǵıʺó֮ǰСҶˡ
ⲻˡ
СҶ˲ֻһΣ׾ƾ˸Ķ
˳һ˺еֵֹĳҶƬ룬ҶƬϷ֮ǰԼͷ֪ʲôʱĺ
׾ƾǴֱġ
ĻĺܣһĨʱоо
û뵽óˡ
Ūһ֮󣬰׾ƾŷ֣СҶȥˡ
³ĬֻɫСְڿڴϿСҶؾǲײڵǽţĺܣܾ׵ġ
ÿɰ
³ĬС
׾ƾƴԲͷԲĵĳ³Ĭ͵ȷʵͦɰġ
ȻأǾ𣿡
׾ƾеصͷµȥ̯ܵӣ˸ܳԡ
ճܣͼһֻãЬֵش¥
δվڴſڣԼڷ￴һУ׹ɽһ㣬ֻüͷƤ飬˫ȷ
ܣյģôܼأ
ҳ³ĬԼ¥ɱ£.ģʲô¡
͵ʿˮϵĺˮ㻩£ͫ΢΢ţ޷ع
Ĩ˰Ȼٴ۾ʱ򣬶ϵȴǳ³ĬŲ԰׵Ѫɫ
ʦʲô㲻ϲΪʲôҪܣ
ƮƮĶУųǵĺ⣬ŵ͵Ĳҽ߿߿߿
ˣһСľˤ˸ƨɶס
·һĪؿֻſõĴˣֻԷһ߲ҽУһǿʲôµĶˣﻹϵ߶йй
˸òëɣ
ܱ߿ֵԽԽָָ࣬㣬۷׷ףҲ˱˾
ûãˡ
ڿ־֮޷԰Σۿų³ĬڵָҪԼ߸קߵʱһѱ飬һ˾죬ߺй
־֮󣬳³Ĭʧˡ
˶߶£קžĸ첲֡
ɶԷǲǺ˾ƣûᵽϵľζǲ.ҩˡ
յĹ
31-32
ͬ־, һҪңͬ־һҪң
ֻһ, ǱӰݵرžĸ첲, 涼ҪչȹסᾯļƤˡ
, ֱ, һȤҲûУĪӣ
۳ܱԽԽȺóֻ, Ƕͷۡ
ʲôǺú˵
ҲҲ, йй
˶߶£ԭ˧, ΪһɪΪֵۿۡ
̽ͷ̽ԣֻܱЩָָСƵȺڶ
޲ߣֻ׼120, ȥƺеļһҽԺһ¡
ȥҽԺק񾯵·, ·ˡ
ҲһɴֱӰѺϾ, ׼ؾúʣô£ǲҩˡ
˾֮, ˻ǽŲ, ǼԼǾ, ǰǾ, ʮ㣬ֿ϶ҳ֣žδ˿
ֻɵ̫ˡ
һ룬ƼһŹ˫֮ǰɫЦһ·ݣŵ˲ԼãֻܾؿǸƵļݣ͵ҧߡ
һ룬˾УšʹధҵĽڳļȫһ£ǰ񾯲㷽һŤײ
.вɣ
̲סֿˣҪǸղۼֿקط̣ȻĻ⣬Ҫײˣ·Ҳˡ
ߵ񾯿šһʹð亹ɫҰ׵ӣԼúЩԾӺǷ衣
ٶһͼѪȾϵδδĶѪûþڵ³һš
񾯱һϽȥҽԺȥҽԺ
ڸʻ񾯶ŻǶ֣ͬµĻ̲סŤͷɶѪĲλҲɵϴ
ʲô
һ±ƣҲ֪ղŻúõģͻȻѪӺͦصġ
ͨӾҲ⣬֮࣬Ҳ˵ӽţϽҽԺȥ
ﶼЩ㷲ƣֻýЩ졣
˼ҴҵңҽһʾԷֳٺǱʲôݸҧһ˵һûҵֻʣһС֡
Ѫ࣬Աг
ǣ
Ҳ٣ʲô
˵.ֳ..Ƥ£ھ֮ϣĪرʲôνĶһҧϲҧϵĲλʧˣ
ããȻؿ˴ˣ±ƣȻ
Ŀҽң˳Ĭ˺ܾãһŴ˳ţûоЩֵֹģ
񾯶һԵλϣʶѹѹǹ˼ҽԺӲֽԼѹȥ
Ҳáһһʼ˵йһΪвûĻôƽ޹ʵʧˣ
񾯶Ÿҷģ·˱һδӵʱиܵԷȵġ
˵ˣҪǲĻҲѪȵ
Ϊģ˾֮ȻûˣԵԽĹ
̲ס˸£Ǳҡ
һ̾ûʲô㲻ùֲ𣿡
ô죿
񾯶°ͣңǾҲʲʲôȥһ¶ԷʲôˡйǹȻҲûǾǰ֣˵ޡ
ܹͨٵһ˵.ֳ..٣һзľ𡣡
ô˵ǸŮ
Լ󡣡
˵ǵ𣿡
ŲŶԷ϶ûˣǾ͵ôȵ顣
Ҳǡ
ǳɣȥ飬š
Ŀͬ뿪תλϵȣȴʱ̲סͳֻ
һˢСƵˢ˲ͬǹ˵СƵ
緢ˣһʲô紵ݶȫ綼֪ˡ
ҡҡͷ㿪Ȼȵ淢˵ݡ
˽£ֵͦرģһеʦְһвãΪ˧ͬѧǵϲ
ѧǼԼϲʦӣ׷ױʾըѣ֣Ƿʲô飬ʦʧķƵر񾯵ĸ첲ţǿ˶Ī
ֳˣһֱںййҵʱأĹ˵ˣǻо仰ƽ£°ҹšųӣòɱ˰ɣ
Уû֤ݣҪҽʦ˺ܺõģôܻɱˣ
ôܻյرžȣһµغйⲻй𣿡
ȵȣһеʦһǰʱ䲻Ǹѧ¥ɱ𣿸òǸʦйϵɣ
ŶŶֵûͦġ
ʲôǸͬѧ¥ʦʲôϵΪǴ¿ɼûãѧУͬѧ棬һҲǸͬѧӾôһ֮󣬹ܴ죬ټϸѹҪϣܲסˣֱ¥
ʦʲôϵǲ֪ĲҪҽ𣿡
ǰǰǳ³Ĭͬͬѧ¥ΪûãʦûϵʦƽʱҲǳá֪岻Уεʱ򾭳һϢӲǿ

ſһЧϢȻ󷢸ͬ¡
ͬյֱ֮ӾȥһУ飬ҲҪ鷳ػصĵطܱھӵԷˡ
ˢһˢƵ࣬ҲûϢ֮󣬾˳СƵ
һͷͷֲԶλƺһҶƬ
ǱĸСĴҲ˵
Ųûзϣסſߡ
ԼһСʱ֮ˣŴ򿪣ҽժ¿˳ͷǺ飬ŵܳɹҩˣԷӦþܴӻ
ֻǸλгˣ֮ǳȶҪǶġ
һκ⼰ʱҡ
õĺõģ鷳ҽˡ
ֵͬؿɫ԰סڴϵˣúõľͳ˸̫࣬˭֪
ҽ˿ܹ⵽Ǳʲôҧ𣿡
ҽҲҡҡͷҧµĺۼ֣춼һҾֻ뵽ʳ㣬ûһ
ҽһӵ˾ͽңԸ֪ǰʲô񾯽ӵʱûڰֳʲôֵʳ㣿
񾯿ɬҡҡͷʲôʳ㣬ҧһڡ

ѵǹɣ
ԼԴʲôأȻڽ̷ΧŨô⽨ͱƳˣҪſѧ
϶ʲôûз֣ŻΪй
ҽʣгٲλ绰ͬȥҽ⡣
ҽҲʲôҽܳɰɣ
ʱϱȽϾûҽ͵һĹȥ
绰֮ŻʿһȥһͷƼԼղżҶƬ
Ȼ˸ͯĵһСģС˵ﻹһѳȥɿɰġ
СѵĽ
ЦЦϴ󲿶ӵĲܿͽ֮Ժ
뿪֮ڵµСҶݵһ¾ͺӵ꣬ڳ˲ע⣬յطܳҽԺ
ʱİ׾ƾڹŽ֣һ߹֣һ߸߳³ĬСҶǱߴķ
Сһǰ׾ƾģԸͨСҶרܵǰȻЩʲô׾ƾƾͨԼ۾Ҫġ
Ǹһ߱ûˣܳɹڲϻš
׾ƾЦе˵⺧˵ϢͷϻѡҪϰ⡣
³Ĭһǲ֪ʦ˾֮飬ֻ׾ƾЦеĿ;뿪ʩСҶ뾯Ȼʲô
Ű׾ƾƵسй䣬óԺģ̲סǮһЩյӣƺһҲ˽˾֮ᷢʲô
³ĬǱȽǣʦǱ׾ƾʲôֶһҲǻ׵ˡ
ֱ׾ƾЦе˵ӿڴĴţզ಻ѡ
ͷ˫̶ؿŰ׾ƾƣԷþƯȥϸôһ˵Ľ˾÷޴
ô̫ˣ
׾ƾ˱飬һת˽䣬ЩֵüԷȻûʵԵ˺ô֪ûжͬѧֵҪǣˣûߣѵǵγ𣿡
ȻҪһжɱҡЩǵýܳͷ
Ű׾ƾƫ³ĬæظǣҲûоֻ֣û뵽ѡŮӣ⡭
Ů飬ò˼
׾ƾЦˣӨӣͺҹ꼻ţԣŵҷòԶ˲Ծغ
ÿĸѧУѧ
Уһеġ
ϸػĸУûУ
³ĬЩɬر죬һſڵǲôҪлл㣬׾ƾͬѧҾ˵ĶԣҶ飬Ժ֪жͬѧ꣬˼ˣ㲻ֻ᷸û˲õġ
׾ƾƹ˹ѡ˼飬ų³ĬСҶڷѧУ񾯵µ顣
³ĬʦƽʱѧУܻˣҿһֵˣԾ㾯ȥѧУ¶ܲʲôܹõֻʦֻͲҵƬ
³ĬЩҸо칦򾯲²鲻ʲô
ĪţļԲȶ
ǰ׾ƾͬѧ˵ûʱ䣬ƽʱû취Ҫǽ鲻ˣ֮ô죿
׾ƾЩȵصͷСҶˣǱƽпŨŨĽǸС
ôô룿ôľûǸ²ڱѧʲô𣿡
ǡ
³Ĭ׾ƾƷʵĶ˵ˣͰͣ˰죬ֻǣֻҾڵĻһаȫС
Ϊ׾ƾƵĵָǣΪ׾ƾֶͨϣ׾ƾƲسǵĻܸоĻš
£ҸѾˣҪžİ참һʲôܻºۼܲ˵ġ
˵ˣСҶʵʱලҼǻѧУҲʵʱش֪㲻òġ
㣬ҪǸȻѧУأǴسСҶһ𣿡
ֻСҶͬСҶҪǱ˺νһһҪǱ˷֣˺ˣû˼壬ĻֲȣɹһĿԻҷˡ
³Ĭԥ죬Ǿ¡
Ҫۼ֤ʦץۿŷġ
׾ƾƲµҪģԲûоȣֻǽע϶˼Ĩܹж֮࣬ҲЩԱ
׾ƾָûҹжĻϾ̫ԡ
³Ĭлصͷлл㣬׾ƾͬѧ
΢΢Ŀǻõˡ
ĸĸƽ꺮ůҲǽڲ״ӰѧϰĻϡ
ͬѧǸϵһ㣬׾ƾĿ˵Ķĵˡ
Ƽˮ꣬ȴôκεĻر
³Ĭܲм
׾ƾƿԲͷԲԵСҶˣ̲סֵ˵ͷСԴΪҲܺðֵá
³Ĭůһ㣬ĵúܡ
׾ƾƸ˿ֶֻ˶մҸƧĵطг³Ĭ£ɻ
ͼһ΢ЦͬѧҪæ𣿡
ףͬ
³ĬС׾ƾͬѧ뵽ҿԸͬߡ
׾ƾŤͷƯ۾ͻȻ΢ϣһЦð鷳㡣ҽᵽǱߵĹվ𣿡
Ȼԡ
Ķ䶼ˣӹ׾ƾƵһ飬С֣۵ģͨͨԽ
ڰ׾ƾǰʾԼŤͷͲСײˡ
ҲҺǼһﷴӦʱˣֻһ£ûˤ
˼˼
ĸˣǵŮǰֱˡ
ĻؿһۣĿһԴݰ׵İ׾ƾϣĿ΢
ǰ׾ƾЦеسкͬѧŶҲ𣿡
ĻĬŵͷĿϴתһȦ˶죬ջĿ⣬ȥСرܿȺ׼ҵԼҪ֮󣬱Ѹٵ˳
֮صղŵվ㣬Ƽ׾ƾҲڵȳǸǶ˵ŻǻڵӣĻһ۾ͿԵɡ
³ĬԼͬͬȸӣΪ̾
׾ƾͬѧȷʵúÿͬϲƺҲ
׾ƾͬѧ⣬ô³ĬԼͬ䲻ġ
Ŵһѷͳϼʱ򣬳³Ĭݵһ£Ӱ׾ƾƵ¿ڴɵͬԣȻ
㱻˷֣ҲֻΪ紵ҶƬ
ûƼһĻĻ
Ϊ֪Լ⣬ԼʱԶһȥ
˶ר־ؼֻһԵţԲżһĻ
ĻĬǡ̫
л˵
33-34
³Ĭɲ֪ԼǷһԾĻһ, Լͬϣһ˼ҡ
ͬԭģһ, ܹͬȥѧУ, ʦǱҪʲô鷢Ļ֪, ׾ƾƵǸСҶȥµ, ű, ҪĻȻҪԼȥҶԷ
Ŀǰ˵, С̫Ѿ׾ƾƸ, Ҳ᲻˷棬ˣܹҵȵģǸոպ
Ļ, Ҳð׾ƾƷġ
³Ĭͬ˼ңΪҶƬ, ȽС, ԵҺ굽ͬغãͬҲֲˡ
ͳ, Ļ̲סʳָԼ̫Ѩ, ӦǷԭ
ôܻҶƬӰ׾ƾƵĿڴɳȥأ
ҲΪ׾ƾͯķ, ҶƬ˸С, һҶƬ̫Ծͷɳȥˡ
Ļ沢ûзŶ˼Ƚͷ۵ǽĴͳر࣬ȥ϶Ҳλãֻվš
վŵĻּ׸˷ӴһӴõֻᷢĻЩɣҪҪٵһࡣ
ʱͻȻӳԱ̽һӨ׵СС΢΢һЦü䣬촽ֺͬѧѽҸ˸λá
׾ƾٶȿ죬ڵһžλá
֪Ļ϶ǻȵȫȥ֮ٿҪҪ
ռҲ˳ֵ飬԰׾ƾƾôˡ
Ļһ㶣û뵽ûİ׾ƾƾȻռλá
ѽ
׾ƾƳ֣۵ֱ£ԵøӯƯ
㣬˾Ҫˡ
Ļûв˰׾ƾƵĺ⣬æ˳
Ȼվ˲ˣҶվں棬ǰվŵ٣Ļһ㣬ͲˣҰ׾ƾƸҲǿλá
ϳ³Ҳ
Ļ׾ƾȥĻ˵ллȻԼŵ˵мλã˵
ҲıֱûнڿϣԷҪǲСİַڿϣ
ƽʱĻٳţҲͣǹΪ֪һ˲Сʮ֮˾ŶǻᵹЩùЩȻ˴ţܻ˾ķ
ңģĻҲ÷ǳھΡ
ܲžͲţܲͲ
ʵΪμӾպسǣкܶҪԲѲôˡ
׾ƾƶĻȫװֵӲûʲô󿴷ֻǳЦ˼֡
ԷӦҲԼʵ⣬Ҳڽ߾ܵ취
Ȼİ취ûôãĿǰΪֹΨһİ취
ĻϵĺΪ˴룬ټϽĸԽֻðһЩࡣ
ң֪ǲΪҲЩϢټһ𿹵УĻϵĽʱǳˣһҪϲ䣬ҲΪˣԽ⽫ѹġ
ҲǽΪܹüĸ߹ʱ̣ҲԽ˷ܡ
һȻԾţܵ˰׾ƾƵϡ
׾ƾޱȣЩǹ»Ȼƽʱħ£Ҳй£ǹ¿ɲĻԴԴϡ
ҪǣϣǶΪ涼洦
ĻͶкøУԸ׽ĻЩ⼴ǸҲԸϵġ
ĻЦǸռ˳λȥҲֻǼ򵥵صһлû뵽ͦмġ
׾ƾתһ룬ΪʵԭԸ׽Ҳ࣬Ҳ࣬Żˡ
ֻƽ޹˼˻۵Ĺ£׾ƾò˼ϵĹҲ࣬ȱһ㡣
ţܸҪرԷһЩ
׾ƾĥţҶͬѧԺҪѧУͰѹһºһĵǻرպԵɺϣܹ󷨵⣬Ǿٺò
д󹦵µˣʱҲвٺô
뵽׾ƾ۾ģĻʲô󱦱һ
ĻĪЩĶ䶯Ǻܿѹеǵ㲨
Լ֪ԼòСѧвŮϲǺܶ˶Ϊʵԭ׷󲻹죬ͻԶʧ
ϾĻĵùʿɲ˵˵ġ
ĻҲϰˡ
ҲϣЩܹԼԶһЩ
ãҺãҺá
԰׾ƾƶʾãʶҲĻǶкøС
ӿֳԼ֪ĸоܹ˵Ļϣ׾ƾԼԶһ㡣
޹ǣԷ
ԼղžͲģĻЩûڵţһð׾ƾΪԼЩر𣬵ʱ򷴶ǣظ鷳
뵽Ļ̾˿ҲԾش˼⡣
ǰ׾ƾȴû⣬ԼܹĻϵܹõٹء
Ǹöġ
޳³ĬΪʦڣͬʱҲΪЩܹܹ¡
ܸԼñֶΪأ
뵽׾ƾҲ⣬ﻹСǸӣ⣬е֮С
ɾΪŤͷľٶԽĻᡣ
Ϊڿλã׾ƾƿ⣬ȻȻͻŤͷһŤͷǰĻΪ׾ƾڿ
ΪѧͬʱֵߵĴĻûעӹɲ֪Ϊʲôܾð׾ƾƵ߱˵ĸѰ
ʶ򴽣ſȵսתͷð׾ƾƲҪˣȴ׾ƾƺȻڶ˾ʦ˾ʦͣһ³
Ļһ㶣ŤͷѿڶûѧУء
׾ƾЦеԵģ֪һ£ͬѧ´ټ
˵ţŶֻȻĺ˳
ͳȥǰȥĻԾ̽ͷ󿴣ͼ׾ƾԱߵ̳ȥ
̳źܴ֣ӭ·һμ̳ҵʽ
·һ
ĻԼǵ֣һǰƺܺ죬עȦģ֪Ĵڡ
ֻĴǣСسǲμӿҵʽ
ĻΪӦöǳЩһ߳лԾġ
سӦû벻˵ɡ
仹ֻôһ̳ҵѡ
һǰȷʵ벻ˣƫƫһ꣬·һ͸ùһƵھҲƵڴҶ˱ᣬĪһһ
ڣȻֻܿѨ׬Ǯ
ĻӲ׷ǣĵӻҲʽģһʱΣȻ֪·һѾȥˡ
׾ƾƴҴ³ֱ̳ȥӣ˵֪Է϶ǳ·һȥġ
ȻҲһ׷塣
Ͼÿ϶ǱһҪÿ
ĪģĻое㲻
׾ƾԼԶԶģӦø˲Ŷԡ
һ뵽ղŻԼռλת۾ȥ׷ˣĻǲζ
ǺܿģĻѹеָоó⣬ʼڳϿ顣
ȥһ·϶ûվˣԲ³ǾͲĻǱȽϷĵġ
׾ƾߣʵϣΪ·һµĳ
Ͳʶ·һҲǸ׷壬ôܻΪһô嶯ء
ֻǿ̳ҵżðһЩͱ˵ӻ
ĵӻַǳϾɵĵӣõĻߵ֣һηûźš
ʽĵӻѾûˣ޶ûطޡ
׾ƾͷǮȻԼˡ
ټľǳаգѧУĽѧĽѧУСǱߵıֻ֮꣬ʣһЩҺӻǮġ
Ҫ˵һķѾǮҲкüǧǮˡ
ֹҺӻܻõı䡣
ˣпյ
ףȸȲס
ҷҲϾˣʱ˥ϵĹؽڣ
ҪǣǵǸλҲСĺܡ
׾ƾҪѧڼ˼죬ȻҲν
ǰ׸Ҫãȥֲ࣬ãôɣ
ֻҪĻ׾ƾͷϵǮЩѹġ
ţȻǿҵ϶ٻŻݣԵĻֱֶ֣ùԱ͵
ͷԤʵڲǾȽ
ҿյĻҪ϶
һ跿һʵڲУһ
֮󣬰׾ƾƾͳȺȥ
С˭質ͦġ
ʲô·һǸءŮǰϲˡ
𣿴ǣɺдǹ
Ůֻ˸ϲ㲻ڵСأ
ǻã
֪˺ü׸ˣҪ˰ɡ

ֵȺֹΪǵͷ̳ţ˲ٿˡ
׾ƾƶǲǵûʲôѾӹ˲ٵĴǶͷϸϸؿš
ֻŵĶ̫࣬ǲ㣬׼Ҹطúоһ¡
Դӻ˸䵽֮󣬰׾ƾƾԼԽĽӵˡ
˸ȽƧٵĵطշĴݣ˵̸
ǽ˵õģ궼ڿˣ
òãӦõġ
·һ˲ϵĺӹп˿
һǮˡ
뵽·һ¶ЩɬЦ
˭뵽һǰ׷˿ǧͻȻ֮䵽ز
ȻֻܿѨСǮ
ҪǣѾǵЩݶӲˡ
˵Ҳ֣ԼôͻȻ֮
ȥʱǻ⣬˽ҽԺ޷ɹ
μͨʱ򣬲ǳӳٵĪػְ֣Ͷ־üͷ
ԵĲƷӶرس⣬Ҫǹ˾Īա
Ȧѧĵط
ϵһϵеù飬˲˱ᡣ
˭
˾Ҳ˺ܶ๫صķûá
Ҳ⡣
澭˶аˣȥݰݣ֮ġ
Ͷ··һҲȥȥûʲôá
ϵù˾ôȥ
ͨѨӲˡ
ȻЩССҲСϢԴ
֪·һаţֱǵù壬˭ΪˣĶء
ԸߵСطڼҿٽ˺ܾãѸܹġ
˵ĺѣ·һиǿɬ
ʱĺѻǸʮС죬˼ů֮ľذ
û뵽ĺѺǻˣȴһ·ȥ
ĻԻĿķ֮ٻصʽλã·һһ̬ըѡ
ûԱһģŬ׬ǮԼڵ͹ȣҲûзԼѾǳԽ˴󲿷ˡ
ǿԼҺǺӣ˵Ľ˵ʣ˵ѹǼٵġ
ҲˣԼҺѻ֮ȻҲΣǶԷһ־Ӹµ̬ȶԴȫû֮ǰ׽
·һҲ⡣
Ͼ˵λһϣһ£ˣȻһ
ֻ·һǾЩѹ
ΪĺվǸеĲһˡ
Ҳѽġ
ܸʱﻹ˵ţȻݿȥȷʵͶ˵㣬ͶʷԸҪҲΪֻൣŵ㡣
Ȼݹ·һǸмġ
ʲôͨ涼ûУͿԲˡ
ֻҪйȥĶУʲôС
ֻǸһС̳ҵʣݶѣʲôϵ
û𣬸ճʱҲСط迪ʼ
ֻһֻصԭ㡣
ֻطõǮɱȵûʱҪöࡣ
Ȼ۷ʱ̣ǮٵĿˡ
·һ෴Ļͦмġ
˵ݹʱָ߸ϵĸоϲ
ҪΪ嶷
·һ̾˿պпʰʰ׼ȳԸƱȥ
ݣѾûˣǿԼ
ѽ·һ𣿡
˺·һתһУŮԷ˫貾Щߺķ˿ǡ
·һţԭԼз˿ͻȻЩôƣ
һЦ˵ͷԵġҡҪǩ𣿡
׾ƾҡҡͷǵҪǿ಻Ǵ󸻴񣬵ȴǵزùӦСˣҪĻҿԽһ⡣
۷塣
·һ
±ƵؿǰȻȴѾչ¶绪ȦҲټĶֵ
ǣҲװ
ǳƯͿ˵ġ
ؽСãڿɲʲô⽨š˭˵ģ
׾ƾӣһǰͻȻһ·»ʲôǵùѵûоòԾ𣿡
·һȻȻòԾȷʵûȻ
ǣô֪ôù
35-36
Ϊʲô֪
׾ƾŴ, һûһµصȡ
⻹û죬ѾȵĽЩܲˡ
·һֳ̨ͷ, ͨ, ϵİɫTˮʪžͽ˾Щܡ
ǰ׾ƾѭ, ԲȻǺ, ׾ƾ¶ȵڵĶǷǳ״̬
·һѾȵô, ǰ׾ƾȴˬˬ
Ϊ㣬֪
·һ̲ס˿, ֽ˲ϵС, ˡؼҰɣʱҲˡҲҪȥȻȥˡ
̫ȣ㲻ɹû𣿡
׾ƾȴЦе, ðɣ㶼Լù͸Ļŵĺ, ôɹûأ
·һ׾ƾСģˣЩ, ԼĶˣô˶أ
ɲð׾ƾһ˵׼һŶء
ƯСڨİ, Ȼ߶߶齫Ⱥһ, ʨӴſ, νѧֶΰ˽鷳
, űҲǲٵġ
СͻСһҾͲƽˣԹԻؼȥ
׾ƾգգۣûмֻǵҴҪȥ̳ı˵ĻԵ̳ǵļõҡ
·һ
ڵթƭô
ҴˣҪŬά裿
׾ƾǰ·һֵԷʱҪСһЩˤ껹⳥ҡ
·һ
Ĳ
ܵذڰ֣İɣ϶µġ
СλƵ̳ȥ·һһĨ˰ûаĻϡ
ǸСѡ
ʰöֻ·˳˸Ѽñȥ̳һ¥׼档
̳Ǹտҵ洦ɼ۳ټϵˣÿһҵⶼܺ
Ҳҿ·һȥһЩԻλá
ܼ򵥵صһ档
ҵõĻľ룬ˤã϶ỵ
ӵʱ·һע⵽ԼȻ̲סҡͷʧЦܵСӰ졣
س棬ҵнҲܺúȣ·һȫ˸ɾ
ֽ˲죬׼
ȥλϵ·ʱС룬һ£ӵˤȥ
˵ľʵ룬룬ܻˤġ
ƫƫ·һȥʱ򣬾ͷؿѳһֱס
·һ
Բۣ겻ڶɣ
ԱϽ˹붼ˣҲм־ȣ΢λ˲˼ˤǼҵ룬Ҫġ
·һѹѹѼñл㱵û£˵Ǯ
ǮǮ֮·һЩ㱵߳˴ţվſڣȺһʱ֮䲻֪Լһȥġ
ڻ±ء
ղС˵ģѵǼ򵥵ɺ
ΪԼ˵ҪԷС˳ƾץס㣬
Ͼ˵˵ֲҪǮ
ˤˣСﲩһĳƺء
˰ٰڣ·һȻǳٳû̳ǴŰ벽
ţһ˼أ
ϾԷ֪һôùˡ
·һ־ᣬ÷ûǮԷƭǮֻҪᵽǮ·ͳˡ
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·һ˹ȥ˼һſڵܰң
׾ƾһԵλã¡
ȻԣҼȻ˵ڣͱʾ
Ǻã˵˵˵Сô£
׾ƾҧһڱܣĸо۾˵һ˵⡣
һᵽǮ·һ;
ҳ˵ǰͷֻ˵⼸翵ĻҪǮĻǲģҵÿõĶ
׾ƾȻصͷȻôΪھҪ㽻Ǯأ
ڼæѧУԸͬѧǶǿЧȻŸġ
ûȥȻҪԼһ
׾ƾôһ˵·һҲ治ƭӡ
ϾĸƭӲƭǮٰµġ
˵˵˵ıô£
ҽ֮ϵùʧȻȻͻԺȦĵλ׬ǮҲ١ڴ֮ǰأҪ̸ΰæǮ
׾ƾԼĿǰۣ·һԺۣնһ
ҪĲࡣΪڻûʲôȦҲģʮ򶼲ֹ
·һʨӴſڵİ׾ƾƣȻԼǲеɵʲôǰСıأ
ǰ˵ֵһᣬڵݲõıꡣ
ԷǸ̳˴ͨ˵İɣ
׾ƾһ۾Ƴ·һʲôҲҪڸԺҲûйϵֻҪǵǮҾͳˡ
׾ƾҲѡԸˣƷ϶⡣
ƷģҲۡ
׾ƾƺ˵ⷬ·һЩˣȷ
һҺûкûû»صȦλãһǮòġ
ȻȷΪҰٷְܱ֤ܽԲŸҷĺݻ
ȻȥҸʦĵ
׾ƾƳһڱܣȻһʱ䣬㣬սپûУһҪʱѧУء
·һ
˼СﻹǸѧء
ΪʲôԳ߹
·һ̲סͷӳ
·һѡۺ֢𣿶˵ȰºǮ㻹ô᣿
Сһӵӣ·һһУͰ˵ģ򡣡
׾ƾϲЦտϡ
Ȼȥأ
ȥ
׾ƾƿ·һüĵһźֱ־ק˹
ȻɣһɿССԲ
·һ׾ƾڸʲôֻǾöԷһ֮ԴͻȻ˺ܶ࣬Ҳ˺ܶࡣ
͸оĵͻȻ磽˳ȥ
ȥôţƵ
̲סԼĶͷʲôû
׾ƾƻڶϵĺĻϵЩƣЩͬ
Ҳǰ׾ƾΪʲôôû뿪ԭ
û·һĻı֮ͬһҲ˵
ܹ˳ϣȫҳĻǾٺòˡ
Ǻ֮УȻٽ׻صϣ׾ƾ֣վƮƮ˵һ䣬
·һ
ˡ
һͿˣ
л㱣ֿʼԼӹȻǳˡ
ôһѧĻأ
ȻһȷʵǹЩģҲôһѧѹڽŵѹ
׾ƾƿɲ·һʱ˿̵±ƣ˵ⶼС⣬򵥵ĺܣҪǳ̵Ļǲ鷳飬ͱ˵Ǹ
ǰ׾ƾƳϵ֮ΨһһֳĴ̣һ֣Լ˶ֵ硣
ˣҪȥˣҵϵʽĿǰûапȷû֮ϵңȻѿŸ㣬ȻҲֱתˣҶԡĻҲңۺǻᴦġ
˵ţ׾ƾƴͳһݸֽȻ˺һҳɷдֻţ·һС
ΪҪۺܸǮ׾ƾƽòˣԼеĴ˵ӻ䡣
ӻһ̨յġ
ǰհ׸谮ĳ̶ȣֻһ̨յĻʱǿ϶аװԱȰķ䡣
һյûˡ
ǲȣ費ôá
ҪһҪŲص鷳֡
·һĿС뿪дϵʽĲݸֽ̲סЦԼǸˣȦһ࣬Ǳһˣת
·һ·һԽԽȥˣ
̾Ϣվ뽫ֽţӵһԵͰǹʹģ뵽Сʱƶ۾ĬĬԼĿڴ
ˣһֽѣžͷˡ
ԺлļϵĻҲҪúȰСһ䣬רĶ飬Щ߰˵ģãûƽϣƢõģַӸСһĶ
ʰ˶Ʊ϶صSС
SеʱѾͦˣ·һ׼ĲŷԼֻ͹ػˡ
ۣڶ˯Сʱȫֻ֪Ѿû硣
һֻˡ
ʵʵŶӵŹͻȻǰһɧȴһǺ˾һŵҪͱˣܱߵŵֱС
·һһȥڳ֮ǰԿűһǶм⣬Ҳá
ټԸʮ㣬˼һȻԹۡ
·һĳ֣ܱߵҲ׷װæܿͽ˾Ʊ˸ѹסˡ
ΧȺ˿ͱ˾
ܱҲвƵ·һڴ֮䣬ѼñҲ͵ˡ
ҿҲĵ
Ⱥϳ·һ·һ
·һ˼سЦЦȻӵϼѼñϣŴ֮ʣϢ⳵뿪
Ⱦϵʱ򣬴Ҳŷ·һͲˡ
˷׷׶ף־ͦģΣĹͷͦ൱еҪԵĲƷĻǿԳһ
ϸ룬ûʲôƷԵġ
Ϊ췢գȶȴԺܿѣСƵҲڸAPPҳ緢ٷ·һһ
죬·һû뵽ֵ
Ȼ·һǽͷҼǵҵ껹ǺϲģĪĲ֪ΪʲôͲˣ֡
ѽѽҼǵȥʱܻģôͻȻ֮ͺ伣ˡҾϢҲЩ䵽ʮҪѨ׬Ǯš
ģôһֱΪ·һԾȦġ
ӣټ·̫ˡ·һҲ֪ʲôùʲôϯʲôֳǻ⣬ʱЩ˿ȥӻ⣬·˿Ҳҡˣٷ·硣
ڹٷˣ·ǲһˣ
ԵĶԵģ·ֻϷܳ軹裬Ҫֲһȫ˾Ȼôˣֱ˼顣
˿ȥֺýý˧˷ˡȻȫ

Ϊ·ƽεһ飬·һ˲䱬硣
˶һ֪
ص֮Ѿҹˣͷ˯
ȵڶ˯Լֻûˣһֱû硣
ҲûϵҲû˻ϵ
ֻеûûʲô
·һҲ⣬Ƶ˸ԼĶӣȻֻٰȥ硣
ճϣ΢˵ֻ֮ԶȻžһѵʾ
·һĶ˶˹ˣô
һ߳棬һ߿ֻNδӵ绰вľ˴ġ
ǵȥ֮󣬾ϵƵʶһһΡ
쵹̫߳ˡ
ĺѶηɣҲ˲ٵδӴ
ټʶĲʶģܹδӵ绰ﵽ99+
·һ
ػһҹǷʲô췭ظı仯ô˼
VţVҲ99+Ϣ¼
Ӱ
׼˻ص绰˵ĵ绰ִ˹˳־ͽ
ҵģ·һ㵽ڸʲôȻֻһֱû˽ͨ
·һ˼ݻʱֻûˣصֺܳˣֱӵͷ˯˯ڲ𣬲ųϵ硣磬ʲô£й𣿡
˵·һ¡
֮⣬·һҲ벻ͨΪʲôҪcall
Ͼ˾ԼҲкüꡣ
ҲΪһ꣬ҪǰԼɡ
ᵽ˵·һ·һˣһεػˡںö㲻Ѩˡ
翪ʼ·һģ˵ǿ۷壬Ȼ̻ͬһݼţһ·صġ
ڼ˾Ҳû취·һǲôȶûãԽٶȡ
Ƿ˵ʱ򣬾Ȼ·ת·һһα
һΪ·ƽȣٷˡ
ҪǣٷһҪ㣬·һӢΪĸոպãٷָ·һ鹫档
ӵϢʱ򣬸˵ĲҪˡ
Ͼһְ·һ·һȵףҲܡ
ܳɶ粻֪жء
Ӧ¡
ٷҲٶȣ˵ڹٲ߷ͨ档
ٷͨһԭΪ֮ǰ·һĵù¼̼Ҳ׷׶
ʲôЦٷͷˣôܹ
ͨԾ籾ͬһӿ·ֻصһǰ½ɵ״̬
½ȴһ±ƣһˣôͻˣ
첻ڻվ·ƽƵ˷˲䱬𣬻ٷٷһ㹫档
Щ̼Ҿ͸ᵽѪζһΧ˹
ɲֻ𣿡
·һ
ĺһֱԺг˰׾ƾƵ˲ըѡ


37 
绹ֵ˵, ·һʱתһһҪס, Īغȥˡ
·һȴǻֻͷ˵һøѽĻ, 磬ʦˡ
磺
һʱ֮ΪԼ, ʲô·һ˵ʲôˣ
, Ǵʦ
·һЩƮ, 緢һһʮظ磬˵, Խļܣټطڹ, ̲סʼڷⲽ
ģ磬һʼԼҲţһСѾͷƬӻǸѧ, ˵Щ϶ǱˡƭҵǮС˵ˣʱת, ۷壬ٸǮҲ١Ҿ÷, æǸ㶨ˡ
ҵģҿ϶ҴˣС￴ȥ, ʵǸСֲ˵ûȥ, ԾֻҪǮ, ˵, ģʮֹȷʵ׬ˡ
ȦҪҸ汾µģֹʮܲŹ
Ŀᣬ⡭
˵ôܣ
ȦŵĵطȻ·һͻȻʼùһ·صĵʱҲȥݰݣ֮ġ
֮Ĳ˹ʺˣͬǸʦ˵׬ˡŴʦûϽ׽϶Ժ󶼺á
һȺĴʦһ˿ʶʶϵġ
·һ͵صͷ֪ģ֪ġ
ڿ˵֣ԼûжֽȻĻԻûڵиԾ
ʦ˵СǲǴ˿ôˬԹ͵͵£
·һ˿ˮͦҲȷʦֻǰҽ⣬ҲֻᵽСû˵
˵·һЩûڵԼĶͷ϶ǴʦҲҲøҷϻ
æʦܹϵʽ㣬˵ԸġϽϵʦʵ˭Ҫ㣿ȻĻ˿ֺֻᱳҪŪ㡣
·һæͷ֪ģ֪ģȥϵʦ
˿ڴʦ˵ӦС£Ǻãȥϵʦ߸㴦ͨաô˵ٷ֧һҪġ
Ȼ
ͨ绰·һϽͳԼ㶵ֽȻ󲦴ĺ룬һֱ˽
·һ˺üȻһʦӦϿΣ϶ֻ
̫ˣڰ鶼ˡ
·һ޷ַֻϢ׾ƾƣ߰׾ƾƣʱתǳл׾ƾƶİԼϿҵ׾ƾƵǸ֮ǰĲΣȻʾ֪˭
Ϣ֮·һ˴ʦVţ͵Ŵʦֻʱܹ
Щ֮˼νСĺѶηɾʹ˵绰
·һĻ˸ηɶ֣ʵҲͦζӳ¡
ι·磬ôŽҵĵ绰
ֻͷη·һͨ绰֮󣬵һʱ㱧Թ֪絽ϴ˶ٸ绰㣿ôһӣɵˡ
Թлżǣ·һ˼ؽһ̫ˣֻû綼û˵ϳ䣬ſġ
ηͣüͷչԭ·磬֪֪ж𣿡
·һЦŵ֪ղҲ绰ˣ˵ػص۷壬ɸˡ
ηֻһһֻűӣϵǶ鲻ŭޣ˵ĻȴǸлο
̫ˣ㱾ô㣬Ӧ»ġ֮ǰôﶼﲻæû뵽һ»ˡ
ҲǵһǵС˵ô죿ҲΪ±𣬾ԼİΣ
·һüͷôܻΪ˻顣֪Լֵ֣Ǹֵ˻˺ȺڣѲŻֵģҲû뵽ȻͻȻôˡˣ˵Ҫллأ
һлл·һ˵ǷǳʵС
ηڨڨһЦлʲô
·һҪĻҲ鰡
ηһ֪·һллڼ
ˣηɣ϶û뵽Ǳݵʱһʦ
ʦһ۾Ϳù˲ҽ⡣һʼһΪʦƭˣû뵽ǴʦȻа취ⲻǰҽ⣬Ҿ±ˡ
̫ˣ
˵ʲôʲôʦ
һ룬ηɵЩɿűӵ֣ʶסؿڵķơ
һ̴ľķƣζˣ˾ֵǷƾȻмѿͬ֩һ㣬ȫ·
ԭȷƲģԭȵķƽãͻȻѡ
ΪлժƷ˶
óƴϵʱŷַˡ
ʱηɱˣ⵽ô¡
Ҳ֪±Ƶĺܡ
ΪҲǽġ
ǶηԼڿ㶵ԼţͲ֪¡
һѣηƤͿʼҲ㷲
ǵԼƵʱǴʦ˵һҪ÷ƣҲ
ҪǣһƳκ⣬ô·һȡ˾ͻᷴɡ
Żæش绰·һǴ򵽽ϣ·һһֱûܽͨ绰
ڶηɶʼػǲ·һֽš
ǲѽ
Ǹʦ˵һ˿ǿ͸ͨġ
·һȻ˵СƵطһʦǴʦ׾ٵؾͰ
ôܣ
ɬĴŤһЦ·Цˣôֵֹ飿˵ˣЩνĴʦƭ˵ģƭǮ
˵·һЩüɫûУĴʦ˼Ҵʦб£һ㶼ȸǮºǮҲǮǮûȥء
·һҲǾøп֣Ǯô࣬ǽȴʲô
ηɣ
飿
쾪ȷ˵飬ʮҲ򣿡
·һЦǺǵηҲþǲǣҲԼռˡ˭뵽ôţƵĴʦֻҪǮأ
ηɵڵѪΪʦƣ򣡣
ǿ򰡣
ȻΪһʮߣȻòôǮֻڴʦİ³һͷһһǮȥ
ֱɹؿ·һһһȥŬƣʹ˹ȥ
ҸԼֻСǮѣվ·һҪߵλãͲڻ¡
ˡ
Ҳȷʵ˵ôۣҲʲôС
ֻҪһ뵽·һֻǮͽ飬ηû裬ǡ
ǮڵУǮ𣿣


38 
ôˣη, ĺȥе㲻ԣ
·һزֻͷηɵĺô˺ܶࡣ
ηƴѹԼĵķŭＷһ仰, ûʲô, ǱǮŵǮҲ̫˰ɣ
˵ʱҧг, Ĵʦôӵƽ׽ˡ
·һٺһЦ, ׾ƾ֮Եһ, Ȼпҿұ, ǮͲԿ뷨æ, ȻĻҿ϶
ηؼʣС, ˶ľȷ·һƭ
ģò׻·һƶ, ôǮȻȥأ
Ͻ·һνĴʦϵʽ·һҲˬظˡ
ѵ, ʦǸӦϿΣ绰һֱûܴͨҪ֮ϵɡ
ηɷܵ˼, 绰֮, ȥƵλʦ
ʦ, ҵķ, ·һ»øϽҽ˵˻򣬾Ա֤³ɣ֤·һⱲӶȫã˾֪֮ǰҪš
η˵ʱ򶼿Ҫˡ
ʦɲôܣҵ󷨼ӳ֣鲻ܷġ
ôܷԼȫ·һҰְֶ·һĹ棬һͿҿǻɵ飬ɲҵǮˮƯˡ·һ˵Ҳ˸ʦ˼ҴʦֻǮͽ飬Ͳʮ꣬Ǹ
˵ηɾΪʦһСô׾ٵظ㶨˺ʦ󷨣ʦ
ʦ
Ǳչ˼죬ѧѾھ
ЦܣҴδ֮ͬĸʦƽҵ󷨡Ҫۻôͣѵ𣿡
ǲƣϾ͸ҿ⵽ô¡
֮ǰ˵˳µĻ⵽ɡҲ°ɣ
ʦԼĺӣǲôŶη˵Ļģȥ
˵֮߳ţҡ
ƿţֻټķһźڲϵתȥɭʮ㣬ֵֹܱķƯϿգ
ͬʱƵһˣһͷ
ͷϸɼ
ÿһͷű˵Ķ
½ɵһͷʧˡ
ͷӵǸҲķѣƮ˵ϡ
ʦѣȥ˷ƣǷѾȫȻû˺͸һ㣬ûκá
Ƕη˵ľȻġ
ƽһ󷨡
ʦȣΪ󷨾С󷨽ʹõġ
󷨱ƽ⣬ôзƶըѣ˵ĵùҲָ
С󷨱ƽ⣬ǲӰ󷨡
֮ǰʦ˽սʹ󷨵ʱһµ󷨡
ϾҲҪ¡
һֻҪƳۣ󷨾ûˡ
СһֻҪ۲ҵСôƻν
ǼС󷨣Ҳƽôɰ
ʦˣŵĸֶͬΣɾƽ󷨣ûע⡣
ĥһ£ûȻ
ǱԼͽܣˣ˭䣬ʲôͷ𣿻֡
ͽŬ˼һҡҡͷʦûУͬǰһ
Ǿˡ
ʦӣϵ˶ηɣȷʵǱˣûϵֻҪһõ·ɵͷ°Ūһ󷨡
ٶҪ죬Ͼһƣ˾ͻᷴɡ
ɿǵϵġ
˿ûϵ
Ͳò˵ʦĽƻ̶ȡ
ֻҪ󷨲ƻͲᷴɵʦϡ
෴ģǷɵҪʦϣȫöԷеˡ
Щ˲֪飬ֿɺˡ
ηҲˣúúãϣǺʦϵʲôʱᷴɣ
ֶڣҲ죬ҪõԷͷ
УҪҡ
ʲô
η󣬲ŶԷȻʨӴſڡ
ʦûܻ󷨽б˸ˣô˼Ҫ򡣡
ʦУʩҪʱ侫ҵѪǴ飬һ˭
˵ˣҿûб֤Զ¡ֻǳŵ󷨰·ɵˣӴԺȦ伣ҳŵѵû𣿡
㿴ǻ黪ĴǣѡûиǼۡһЩ̰ĵģҪһǧˡ
ηǼʡòȻĻĲļ
֪ԼڻҪʦܸ˺Ƥ
ֶͨĴʦҪǵǣڱСô궿ˡ
ֻӲǿʾԼõǸͷ̰֮Ǯȥ
ʦЦеͶԸơֻҪõͷ̾͸ʩԲʧ
ηҡѽгݣ˿ǿѹסĵı壬һҪ֤ҵ󷨲⡣ȻĻһ500Ū󷨣·һתͷҵ󷨣Ǯǰ׻𣿶Ļһ·һǸʦǮء飡
ʦۣƤһ飬ģԲ鷢ٱˣұ֤һһģһġ
ЦʲôνĴʦ飿ⲻƻ𣿣
á
绰֮󣬶ηʹ绰·һǲڼңԼҪȥ
·һʾԼڼңʲô¡
η˸ڣͼҴҵԼȥ
ȥãڵȺ̵ƵʱһƷĸ
ԷƼݣס֮󣬾ȻܲˣֱӴ̵ƣײתȴ
ʱηɶײ±ˡ
ײȥʮԶ
ʻײˣλͶá
Ŀ־ɫף˫ȷԵɵɵģͲ֪ʲô
ֱ˹Сشĳţ˳
ӱײȳηɶ˶ſյ״̬оԼӦûʲô⡣
ֱŵ˵ϣԼŤ˫ȣʱҵʹ·ŴﵽĴԣʼʹధ˫͹𣬲ŵؿԼͷϥǡ
ⲻģⲻġ
ȣȡ
ηҪˣһΪ·һһΪ
˷ɣһ˷ɡ
ηɳҽԺܿҲͱý˳ϾôŲĸҲټ
Ҫǻǳϱߣý߿ɲ÷ˡ
ԭڼҵŶηɹ·һˢƵ֮Ҳˡ
ô£
ö˶˵ôͳ˳
ηҲ̫ù˰ɣ


39 
ͬʱ, ·һֻյһϢ֪˭ܼ򵥣, ˭㵹ùͻȻʼߺ, ˭ʼùˣǸ˾Ҫҵġ
ٲȻǴʦġ
·һ
֪ô, ·һԺ˶ηɵӰ
һһȥ֮, ηۿɼٶ, ȦĲ޴˵ķַӷ˿ǧ
·һΪηʱת, Ǳ˼ҿ
ǽͻȻһʵ·һȴôΪˡ
Ž, ָηȴͻȻ˳
Ҳ˵ʱƵǸʱת䣬һ֮⻹кü
ηɵĳڵڶλá
ԵʱǸĳλ, ײλǵһǶԷȴûײһײ˵ڶ
ǲǴŴʦ֮ǰ˵˷ɳˣ
ηɾǸҪˣ
·һȻͽ, Щʧصһƨɳϡ
ʹʼϸԼηЩദ, ƺ©˺֦ܶĩϸڡ
ηƺûģԸѡ
ڶηƽʱṩЩѨĻᣬֻǶԷҪı, ʵҪ
·һܲô, , ȴݲô롣
Ĭ˰, Ͽ֣ȥҽԺηɣе֪һЩ

ѧУߣ׾ƾƷϢ֮󣬾˳ֹ˻
·һȶȿʼ͵ʱ򣬰׾ƾƾͷˡ
Ȼֵģѷֵġ
иŮͬѧرϲ·һҷۡ
ˢ·ƽ־˵Ƶ֮˷ֱܵĵرʾǼҸ»ˡ
ԣð׾ƾָһ㣬֪·һڶ϶
ߵһγ۷Ҳǳ˳
صظְҲһ䣬ݵ۾ͱȽϷ㡣
ֻǽطҲҪʲô
ǵʱͬѧǸŷͿˡ
ְǷǳ֧׾ƾ£ĩȥ֮ҲСϷ飬Ǹʰ·硣
ƾƹȻţѽ
ҴŵʱҶ¹˵Ļ顣
Ҷ¹ʾǸĻͬһ죬ʲô鶼ûôҶĻǹڿˡ
ʱĵһ뷨ǣ϶Ϊа׾ƾڣԾĻϵù˶ܹѹƵġ
Ϊ֤һ㣬Ҷ¹Ǵӳһֱô˳
Ҷ¹룬ҡҡͷǵҲǡϳʱ򣬴ͳͳ˵С⡣ܿͱ˾ˡˣƾƻȥæء
û뵽ƾôѧϰɼã޳ҲᣬʮȫܰȻ˲ܵﶼ㡣
Ŷ
Ȼû
Ϊ׾ƾڵԭĻù˲ûǣǡ
ȻĻô̹
ص֮󣬻͵͵ʰ׾ƾ¡
׾ƾƶԴûʲôģȻǵ˵ͷ
̾ͻһޣԽ
׾ƾ߻ظϢػ֮͸һȥʳó˸
⼸?ʳֶѧϰҲȫ޻پ֮¿׾ƾƲҪġ
㹻ʱЩ֪ʶ
ȻܶԸȥô¿͸ҪģֻӼ򵥶ѡ
׾ƾ赭дģдĽ֡
á
úÿǿѧϰְҪǻǸشʦڵbuffһǸһβ̵ϸߡ
ǰ׾ƾȴôȻоǴУǸͨ˾粻һ
극֮Ű׾ƾƵһؽң·ȴ˻١
ٵʱˣæ׾ƾƵĸ첲죬ƾƣѧ㰥ѧǻϿ𣿡
׾ƾƺЦһǵġ
̫ˡ
ĲУȻ֮ǰ׾ƾưοٵʱ˵ܹûˣܻǻЩġ
û뵽һĩѣѧȻĻˡ
ĵЩ㵸ٴкѧѧ㡣
ʶŤͷƼ֮ǰѧã¶Ц˹ȥ
ѧãҸҪء
¶õЦžϵ̫Ҫļ֡
۽üҶŨŨĻ֮⣬ǼĻٺȫһ
ܵѧ԰ž
ڵͺעʵѪҺݹҲչֳѧеഺ
ǰ׾ƾƶϲڻٵת䡣
׾ƾƸǣ޳Ľëĵ׺˸Ľ⣬ȥԽˡ
̫ллǵĹоǣҾͺ˺һһжòһˡ
ɲݹ֪ܹͣ˳Ҳͬʲô
ѧ㣬̫ˣҲΪΪҲȥί
׾ƾüۣѧҪͣͿҪ߿ˣ߿һõĴѧɷˡ
˿صصͷǵģûһṼǶҵҲṼЩŬ
ѧǣҲҪ͡
׾ƾƸĿͻ뿪˴ʱ˿ﶼͦο

ͺ񿴵һ̶ˣ־һ
ðƾ̫ˡ
׾ƾ̲ס˴Ķͷ֪ʲô
ǵرסĸ첲ֱ׳Ҿǲ֪ʲôѧܹΪҲһ
͵͵ڴұ£ñ֪
Լ˽Լͬˡ
´Ӳ͸׷һ
׾ƾֻЦЦ۾ף屻̫ɹůůģԼҲˡ
׾ƾûиʲôƾţı֪˻Ϸ顣
Ͼĸĸ˼ֵô󣬱ܱߵ˶֪ˣΰͻٻѧУʱҲʦһ
ʾպκĻȻѾ꣬Ƕ˵ǸӣҪһ໤˰æ
ٵˣΰҲ΢˽һԡ
ΰҲһù˵С
Ҳǻæġ
Ϳ͸ݵȻǲԸЩ
Ҳ߿ˣʵҲûʲôҪΰæֻĳЩʱҪ档
ҲȻ߹Щݡ
岮һ㶼Ҫƿ֪ΪڤȥǱ֮
ҲΨԶµүү֪ԼҵıûչˣϽ˹ߡ
ڻ٣һ˵ҪѧѷҲҪǹ֮˾͵ԼչԼһֲˡ
Ȼ֪ĽǻԻЩѹ
л˵


40 
ֻѹ֮, ֺܿͷſˡ
үү̾ŮƸĸûгµʱÿүү̼, Ǹ˵ĶǵĴӻ, Ů
Ů꿼Եһ궼ûؽ״, ǶѧУֻϷĴӡ
Ĺ, Ҳνˡ
ⱲעǸԵ
Ҳǿν, Լúþͺá
ΰҲ˽⵽, Ըæ
ҪǣҲʡ, ͲҪʲôġ
ѧУѣʱͬѧҵ׬ġ
ҲԸҪΰǮԼܹԼ
ΰڸ߿ڼ, ҪȫͶѧϰ֮УðѶʱ˷Щ档
ǻĳһִĺܣ˵ҪΰǮ, ǲҪ
֪ԼʲôҲȷԼԼǵĴѧ, Ż
ҲźԼԼ߿ô׬ǮչѧѧѸѡ
ȻԼƶˣΰҲǿ, ֻϣԼܹܵذﵽǿС
ڻƸĸ, ҲֻǸ˵һ, û͸¶֪
ֻסƬط, պѧУͬѧѧУͬѧȻȻְѧУ߸˴֪
֮ǰپΪҪ飬ѧֵİϵͬѧ֪ܶʰˣλû͸ֻˡ
ټλͬѧ˵̼˳ԾԴҲرĿ졣
֪Ҳʱϵ顣
ͬѧ赽˻ٵǰظ֤¡
ͭǽڵĻ̹سˣͬѧǾȲţ΢Щ΢УͦţԼʲôѿģòȻۣȴڳκһͬѧҪᶨȡ
ԵûҵİˣΪǮһ˸顣˵һþ졣
Ҵӻ˳Ұؽ˼һѧϰҼμӸ߿һܹһ
˾֮⣬ѧУѧǣϵʦʩԮ֣֪ϻǳϣҵҸδҿ϶һ̶ֱ֮С
һֱʦ˵һ仰ÿ˶ҪԼ롣룬һһ̤ʵؼᶨȥ
ҵǿǵĴѧҵ÷ḻһĺܺúܺãǶõġ
ݵǼȴͦñֱᶨȵĻ٣˶סˡ
ԭֻǿֵͬѧҲĻ𺳣Ҿþ˵һ仰
˿ʼЩڱ˵ٻЦͬѧٶѾôˣԼĸڤ飬ЩͬѧȻЦҲ֪ǵôġ
Щ˵ĳɼ٣ھҲ
Ϊٵ̬ȣ̹ڰ༶Եøá
ԭȵĻΪͥԭ򣬸ϵͬѧǸġ
Ϊ˽ѧ鴫֮ǲϣЦӰΣѹûٶ촭
ûʲôѣҲ֪ø˭ȥ˵Լеʹ
ڵô࣬Լ˵վȻһ£ͬͬѧڵĻľͺһűĥ˵¶Ĺԣ˾ó޲ѡ
ƸĸǱߣȻذ龭ûзǸνĴʦ֯ʲôϸǣΪ˱Űӣټϲ˺Ըӵؽڤ飬㹻
Ժ֮ǰҲǺö죬Ƹĸ˵ǹ൱ҵ
Ǳŵȳ˼һҪúѾͷһ٣ȻϽ۲Ĳؽ޳ȥһʲҲôꡣ
ȻصԽãǱԽ֣ܸ̿оԼȥһ
ûݵĲС
ȵҪʱֻذȫʵ
ʹ֣ͥԸĸ˵Ǳƭġ
ԼûҪŮ޸ǶӣǮջǡ
ǲ˵ʲôѾˣˡ
ΰ̫ˡ
񶾵ļҳиʮ궼Ϊ
ֻϧڤ鷽ȷʵû֤Ƿġ
ΰЩϧ
£ڼ꣬ʱҲѧˡ
Ǹʱ˵׼ҵҵ˹
˵ȫȫͰѪҲǺ¡
м꣬㲻ѪϻٵѧУ鷳
ΰĺϢ֮ЩȻĻ˿
ϾĴ׸Ǹ
ĵܵܣٸͲ⡣
µүүȻչ˺ͲҪæ
һҲκһͬѧ׼ĸѧУҲԼ־Ը
ǰһ䣬ðαܡ
ϧٵȻǵͷ
ƸĸڼӲù
Ǽڵ֪ǽԭ֮󣬷׷׾ò˼飬ʳأ
˻ܳƵ
ȻԼŮڤ飬޸һˣֻΪǮ
ǽЩ׼ﷸȥ
ڼ۸ӿ˵ǹޱȡ
Ҫ˵ԸĸΪҧŻ䵽ز
ΪʦδƣİһֱûС
һֱǶ޷͡
ѪԸϵԼʦԼ˲ǮڼúõؽдǷ
ÿڿˮʮ겻ֹ
ʱ޷ףΡΡһȳˣһϹۣ˴˿ű˴ˣƺϲԷˡ
ȻЩǺ󻰡
ʱ˿̵ĻŬڽܶΪԼ룬ΪԼδΪԼƴŬ
һߣ̳ĹԱŴ󿨳ӻ͵ӵʱ򣬿ֵĴ׷׸˹ȥ֡
ԱҲ֪׼ҵһң˳ھʸڳԱߵĴ񣬡壬֪Ǵİ׸ļ𣿡
æ֪֪ǰ档
źĲʵ䣬һȻǰ׸ģʲôʱôǮˣ
ԱŮģ͵װá
壺
Բ۾˵ƾѾͷ
Աֻ̫Ǹͻװģֻ֪ϰ˵͵λãʵ˵Ůģûˡ
ǵǰȥ廹ԭأд˲˼顣
ʲô˭Ĵʵ簡
˵ЩĽʵ翴ȥʮ磬ûǧǮ²
л㱵˵ǾƾѾͷֵġ
Χ۵ˣ
²Ӵ
ƾѾͷôǮǶõĴʵ簡
Ҫ˵Ա߻һǳĴ䡣


41 
, ǸϽȥƣƾѾͷǮ
˵ƾѾͷǱ, ׬Ǯ൱򵥵顣
Ϲ˵, ƾƽʱҪѧأôйЩ˵, ûǧ²
˵Ǯģ
֪, ⲻǾȥ𣿡

ǳȺ, ڴ󿨳濴֡
򣬰׸æĻ, ۵ͷ󺹣ֱ, ͻؼҺȿˮϢһ˼
ջصſڣͼԼҴűΧʵʵ⻹ͣһ󿨳, ɫǶжŶ
׸أʲôģͼ˳, , Ů͸˸ʵ磬д䡣ɰĽӴ
׸
̲סֲ˲Լϵĺڵдã, ҵ, ˵ʲôأʲôʵ䣿
, ƾѾͷû˵˴ʵ͹ء
ʲô
׸ʧɫ, æժ¶ңŲɿ˹ȥҪ̧̧ıʵ磬ϵı鼫𾪡
ô᣿û˵°
Ǯ
׸һӦҪ˻
Աᵽһ룬һ˵Ҫ˻ҡͷǲеģǮѾˣûл̳ǲ˻ġ
׸ԼòЩһ϶ǮˣҪ֪׾ƾǮȻǲա
ڵ˵飬ҲϽ˹ͷ󺹵вУⶫǲա˵ˣŮû˵£զǲƭҵģ
Ա±ˣǮˣƭɶ
û취ֻô绰ϰ塣
ϰʾ⹤ԱᣬֻǽͣģյʵŮξĽѧġõģҪٻǮŮҲǿˣ͵֮һҪװã˻
㿴Ҳף˵ˣŮТϵģôТĵһӣСС˽ѧŰ衣
ΪǿᣬŵܱߵĴȫ
һ˵Ȼǰ׾ƾμӾõĽѧĴʵ䣬ʱ˿׸񶼱ˡ
ôû̯ôһĹŮ
ŸأѾܸǮĻǱʵ硣
ũ壬ڼҼһʵǶУǶ˲֪˲֪ˡ
˭Ҳû¡
ٿ׾ƾƸ׸ģȻƲʲôǾСһ֪ˡ
дʶʵƷƣ˵ء
ƿǱͨļõأ
һ뵽Щﶼᡣ
ǰҲŰ׼ҸڵŴЦ׸ôǮһŮϸǸɵ£룬Щɵ
ѧܻǮμһ֮ǰȫˣ
׸ϰĽͣҲ̵ġ
޲ԾԼŮĵǰʾ˽ѧ͸Ļĺܡ
ټϺдУ˵Ű׾ƾƵĺû۵ð׸һʱҲ˾ܾԱ˳ƽ˷䡣
ᵽ֮󣬹Ա˰װ¶˱ʵӣǸ߶˴ӽд۾᲻ŲģĽĻǲϡ
׸ڴﻹûܵĹάһʱҲЩƮƮȻ
ڵŴϱҲȺںͷţŴģĽ֣˵ó
ô˼ҵĹŮб׬ǮԼĹŮɶҲǡ
ӲŲӱʾʲôŮҪ˵ģ޳ȥŮóȥˮûӰԺ󻹲ûϵ
˵˰׼ҵ֣費˵һƨɼŴ˵ʲô㣿ƾѾͷѧϰãТģԺ϶չ˺ޣǲĽԼ˶Σӻûоƾưء㿴һܸʵ𣿡
Ŵһ˵ӲըëҶ׬ǮһΣܱĳЩ˵Ķӣһ쾻͵ѧ˶ĲҪá
Ҫծ˶ܵˣҪӵ֣㻹׼ҵ֣㲻ڼӣӵܳȥĲֱ𣿡
˲һڣֺֻޡ
ʵ׼ңҲΪĶӡ
֮ǰҰ׾ƾưæҵĻƽָǱȥˣڰ׾ƾƵе֪Ӻֻ£Ǽ˵ǳĲС
ӿøϡ
׼ҷü䣬˵ӿܻĲǣϣǧҪԼӲܸѧ
⻰֮ǽ·ϡ
Ϊӣźü춼ûţﰡذûŪԼһţԼҶӾͱԵʲô˸ˡ
ô죬ƫƫһݼ£ȥæ
ƴǲˣֻܹȥ
ȥ֮ǰǿҪڼԹԵزܳȥСһġ
ĶͲͷˣǰ뿪žͳţǰĺõĻӵĸǣ⼸ĺӣĽĺܣ춯ȥ˶ĳ
һʼһӮüǧӮǮͳԺ֣ҲؼңǸ̹
ɵ棬ͺʧһı䣬ûһӮġ
ıǮȫ껹ǷĳüǮ
ˣĳҪָ
ŵĶӸϽܻ˴ôĶùĳˡ
ĳʱֵĿɴˣ˶֪ĶڶĳǮüأĳ˺Ҫָ
赱ʱת֮УǧûܷסԼҶܳȥ
ڵϣ޵Ǹ˺ѷΣǶĳ˿ɲЩֽ֣ǷŵǮдװס
Ҫ費Ͷӵָ
ôã
ջǽԼĻƽֵָǮĶһ˶ĳˣžӵָ
ΪεĽѵԼҶӿ϶ѧãȥĳ
û뵽⹷ȻĲŷһα˷ȥϵĶĳ
˲䣬ڵȥϴݰ˷
ڷִˤáѣĸ׵Ŀ˵һƬ
ܱھҲ֪ôȰΪãմ϶ģǿǻġ
ϴζĲͰѼͿˣҪٶȥҵ׶ס
Ҳ޷ԾҰ׾ƾٰһæ
취ôӸа
ԵЩʵ磬ĴĽ뿪ųü¡
׸û취ֻ˵ǵԼŮ֮һᣬûʲô취
ǿ˵ˣҪסԺ鷳ˣҲû취ĻҲܹ
ȻҲͶ·ˣٴλϰ׾ƾơ
һడ


42 
ἰİ׾ƾʱžʵ
ŹεľѾ, ׾ƾǰʮѧУȵȫУһ
ǰʮҲǾһֻһ㡣
׾ƾ֪Լʱ˼һ, ̲ס̾˿, վǸϰʱ̫ˣô̶̼칦, ھϻõһ, ʻЩѡ
Ǳͬѧ֪, ²Ҫ
ҺҪĽѧ𲻹ѧУ滹ģɹر, һ㵹Ĳûв̫ࡣ
ͬѧǱ׾ƾһɼ𾪵
׾ƾƳɼãҲĿõ, ĺýȫУǰʮû㵽˲Ŀĵز
һΰ׾ƾƾһƥһɳ죬˶ˡ
ͬѧŰ׾ƾôΪѧϰħ, Զȡɼͬʱ־Ӧõġ
ϾǼ׾ƾƳѧϰ޷԰εķ״̬˿˶̲סʰ·硣
Ҳ, Լǲcopyһ°׾ƾƵѧϰ·ߡ
ʦ˵׾ƾһεĳɼֱǴľϲ
˵ѵĿѲ׾ƾƵĻ, ôֻҪȥѧУһһ߿״Ԫ
ȸǿϲ
Ͼͷôһѧʦ˵ҲǺ¡
ѵǴ˵еĺ³˫
Ÿ˸С, ѧô, ϲ
֮ǰ׾ƾǰ쳣, ȸԹȥˡ
רŴӼѧУ, úõؿ˰׾ƾһ
׾ƾƶԴֻǱʾѧУĽĽʲôʱͷ
ҲûоѧŽʲôõ飬֪׾ƾƼҾƶҲصذæȥѧУǱߣʾһϢͻ׾ƾ˵
ЩѧڼĪѹһ˲ųڵڶλλõİ׾ƾƣֱ±ˡ
˭ô֮ǰû˵˵Ĵڣ
ҿµųɼȶλӵڶ
Ҫ֪ŹξȾӵһͬѧͬһ
԰׾ƾôģ
ʵȻֲ˹
³ĬԼͬĳŰͬѧξ֮ðĺ
ЩȻû뵽׾ƾƾȻô
ҲǣôǿĴʦˣټһѧͷҲûʲôԵӡ
³Ĭ⼸ͬȥ⣬Ҳ˲ٹʦ¡
֮ǰײСƵسǣͬѧԴҲ۷׷ס
ͬѧӦֻʦһʱ֮جλǿ˿ֲƬϲй
ʦô˶ûѧУϿҲ϶Ϊö
ͬѧƺ±׾ƾڵʧȥ˵Ľʱ˿̻ҽԺ
Ψһó³ĬЩ˵ıǣƺ˲ԣʦͬѧ֮ദ
ͬѧǶԴ˾ú֣̫Ϊʲôʦ³ĬܳϹϵ
ڰ༶һûȻ
ûñ㽫֮Ժ
Ͼ³ĬѾûˣϦദͬѧɱʱҲǳĳء
³ĬͬѧУʱ򣬲ûмСҶˡ
ǸһǶɷɣæµĺܣû档
³ĬѧУû֪ܵϢҪȥҽԺǾһ̽
ԣѧǶȥκ󣬳³Ĭ͵͵شӳ˳ֻСյطܡ
Ϊӳ֣Գ³Ĭ͸зһǱ˲СƼˣҲֻΪǷ紵Ҷ̫⡣
ټϰϰ࣬ѧѧֵҲࡣ
ҴƺҲ˵ͷ壬ϰߵ·ֻûκεȤ
Գ³ĬܹôĵشѧУҽԺ
ҽԺ֮󣬳³ĬȻᵽСҶ˵Ϣ
ҲҪ˰׾ƾưæ
ȻĻƾȻûа취
˳СҶ˵ϢҵµĲ
ɣպǾµֻѶĳ
СҶŷ죬ſţԸԼʵת
³ĬĵСҶҲû⣬ŲŲڳһλø³Ĭ
³Ĭ˫СۿСҶˣɵظһ
ɫ԰ף˫ĿѪضžеֻ˱꣬Ҳ֪Ϊʲôݱӡ
ǰ쵱ڲѣֻһʹ۵ȥҡ
һҽԺһžͲ˶Ͻҽ
ҽ֮²Ŵ㵵طĹûˡ
һ˲䣬ֻ׺䶥˳˷Ƶ˵Ųܣ֮Ѿûı֡
ǿµӣҲǷǳͬ顣
ֻǾܵذο侲˵һµ׷ʲôǲܰҵ˺֡
¸ħһһֱţǳ³Ĭǳ³Ĭ˹Ҫҡ
һͷˮȲ֪еĳ³Ĭ˭ֲ̫˵ĹֵĴڡ
ǰɣ鲻಻žܶ۵ġ
ΪȷʵЩ֡
ʱȫھϣµĪʲôҧϵʱ˭û֡
ͺƾձҧһ
ϱ
ȥѧУҲǽһеʦ
Ϊˬʴ󷽣Ը⣬ԲʦǵϲҸͬѧҲܴһƬ
Ҷǳϲ£ûʲô
ѧУ޹ֻǰϣԼϡ
¸һ˺ų³Ĭ־ǽй״⡣
һʱ֮ҲʲȻֻ˳ȥԼ侲侲
񾯶žÿȥһ³Ĭ˭
Ͼһֱ߶֣˹˵¿϶ʲôǣ»漰
ȻĻΪʲôһֱй
һ飬Ͳ鵽ԭ³ĬһеѧͬʱҲ°ϵѧ
ڲ֮ǰ³Ĭһ¥ɱˡ
һſ֮󣬻Ȼ˵ôôϤԭǰֵñȽϴѧɱǰ
ǳ³Ĭɱģʱǳ³Ĭͬͬѧȼʾģ֤ǳ³ĬĸΪ³Ĭ˲ˣԴָá³³Ĭֱ¥ġ
Ǹʲôϵأ
һͷˮɼȻô³³Ĭ˵֮϶ʲô֪ġ
»ѧУȥ¸³Ĭ֮Ĺϵ
ͬѧʦʾ¸³Ĭ֮ϵͦģ³ĬΪԭΪʦ£һֱǳչ
ᵥһϢ
¿ǰϣ³ĬΪεҲʦȥУҽҵġ
ֻУҽҽ³ĬУҽһ֮󣬷ǵûãž״̬ˡ
׳³Ĭͬѧ֮ϵûô׽ҿҲֻڹһ£ûзϡ
ֻ¿٣ѹѡ


43 
ѧǵƺûκ⡣
¾ôһѧ, ѧĺʦ
ǱϾӴٰӣǵǽ³ĬУҽң״̬, ¿ɼһǧ, ле⡣
³ĬûɱûĪժ, ûпڿ˵ǹ, ôҲȥ, Ǿ¿ټϳ³ĬĸҪ͸, Ǹʱ״ѣɼ
ǵЩڵʱ, ǲòķȥ롣
ǰ̫ǷѧϵԽԽ࣬ҲòǸȥ
ǻŲɵ˼ȥУҽУҽ˵һµ, ³Ĭ˵ƿ֮³ȥˣڼһֱУҽų³Ĭ
ʱ򲻹ǳ³Ĭ£Ѿˡ
, УҽͲ֪ˡ
Ҳ˵Уҽֻ¸³Ĭ
ǻõȵļ¼ȷʵͬУҽ˵, ڼȥˣȥ֮һֱûĵʱ, ³Ĭ²ŴУҽ˳
³Ĭʱ, ˵ľ״̬Խ, ϶п޹ĺۼ
ͨƵ, Ƕܿʱ˿̾״̬
վߵȴǹһĨЦĳ³Ĭļ
һٶҲó³Ĭ֣ʶؾԱ߶ȥ
Աղų³Ĭεر²ŽУҽҵĻ棬ֱر
Ҳ˵Уҽ϶ǷʲôŻó³Ĭ˵Ŀܡ
ҲģصɳʾҪѲµķӣܲҵһЩ֤ݡ
˵ͬˡ
Ϊûԭ򣬸ΪһѧΪʦɱôȻҪ׷鵽ס
Ѳķӣһʱͷϵֻ
ֻûжٵ磬ǳϵ֮ϸطһЩ¼ᡣ
һصἯһŷŭڣ޲˺µƬ
ͬʱҲڷı߽߱ǽҵһЩCDֹĵĹ֮ͬĲƬӡ
ٽһҵ֤ݣУҽҷʲôһ
ЩѪѹߣ˵ֻȥҽԺ¡
µûдȶڴ־־ֺ޵״̬
ҽԺ죬ڲϣʹ֣ҲǸû
˿ͬʱ̲סţǲΪ̫࣬Գ³Ĭûپ
Ը³ĬҲԸԼһ̫ࡣ
֣񾯵ĵѩϼ˪
ҰҪװ֪飬ƵƬһб¶˳ȥ
֮£¶亹ȴǱթһɣǳ³ĬԸġ
ǵģԸģˣˡ
СҶ˵仰ĳ³Ĭһûס˵˴ǣȻ˴˶ûв굽˱£̧ԼСС֣Ȼص˵Ĳλ
һ룬šҽгֻ۵ĿҪϢˣ۰۰˰ȥҽ
һʼΪװɵͼתǵע¶⺹ĲǼٵģ׵ľͺͻȻʧѪһ㣬Щԡ
񾯶ŸϽƿıӣ˲ͱһѪɫסˡ
Ҳ١
ҽԺĲǰɫģ˿Ѫ֮һƬŸĴĿġ
Ҳɫף˫ȷϽ˴ͷ壬лʿ
ʿʱҲˣһ߸ϽƵңһЩߵض񾯵ʲôأطûȬĺܡרطһȭ𣿡
æҡͷǸղžֻʻͻȻɫŤۣһƱӾͱˡ
ʿɵؿǼۣżȻǾĻӦ˽̡
ǲԼҲô벻Լ˿ڡ
ôɵģ
Ҳ֪⵽ôɵġ
ס
͸ǰڳϣĪ˸һģһ
ʲôҲûƼ¾ͳˡ
һſеǼ֣ʿˮĪú󱳷
˵òǸг³Ĭѧ͸µ߰ɣ
񾯶ź˵Ҫ⽨ţ̫ˣ쵽̲סŵͷ
ź˿ˮѹѹ
Ҿ˵мֵղʱԾͻˣȴǳҪ³Ĭǹ֪³ĬѾȥ֤ܳ˵˵Ǽٻ˵޼ɵ
Ҳ¿ܳ³Ĭĸߣ⻰֮ŭ֣˾͸һѵ
񾯶ųĬһĺܺã´βҪˡ
ƵƤˡ
ź˺ߣǲȻأǲȻѵԼΪɥĲָԼ˿ש𣿡
˻᲻ԼҲ̫һ㣿
һЦԼɵģҲӲˡֻȫǳ³ĬƬƵǳ³Ĭڻ˯ġ³ĬԸģδܲˡ
˵ʱһŻ̲סһ¡
ҼǵȥѧУʱУ˵֮ǰһѧУʦġҪõķչԲһС
ȥһ£֮ǰǸѧУǲҲƵİӡ
񾯶͵ĵͷԣҪ飬϶ĲֹһΡ
㲻þԭȵѧУ˻ôŻһС
ڴˣȻرҽԺ￴£һŸȥǰѧУ
ıǷ˵ʲô
ҵ»֣ȴΪԼ¶뿪ѧУ
ҪÿѧϸʹȥҲ©һ㡣
ṩϢǸѧ˭ûиߣֱǱʾԼǾŰ¶ǡ
λҪ裬ͬʱҲӺܻ飬ڲԵʱ֪ʲôŻ¡
ΪĸڲߣҲڽôá
λ֤ݣʾ£ֱӽճõ¾͸ץɳ
»㱾֤֤ҲûǸȥƱˡ
˵ҽƱˡ
³Ĭû뿪ظԼ
Ʊʱ򣬳³ĬŻٴܵش
Լٸ翹û£ܻȰԼϻȪ·
ôˣҲֻиξܷų
ҪǲϣԼСҪˡ
ٺ£ٲʣҲֻеС
ԼҲǵù
СѧУʱû֣ͱеѧΪǵһΣԼҲܻš
ѧ֪֮󣬱ôһţ𼱻ǵرְ·ˡ


44 
֮, »ع־Լ̫ھ֮ʲôûǸѧ˼ҳѧУʦ, ҲԷһҡ
ϧȻ˶Ѿ, ȻûҪٻȥˡ
±һѧУ
òҵһĿ꣬һѰ˻, ƫƫ³ĬźԸ, С, Ȼɱľս顣
ʱҲǻŵĲУ»ǣ, ֪ǰϵͬѧѧУʦΪǳ³Ĭĸ
, Ҳôúظ
Ͼ³ĬĸѧУͬѧ棬ָֹá³Ĭ³³Ĭһ뷭, ¥Ļ̫𺳡
˶ָ˶ԴԼĺӡ
ɼܴһУҪ˵ѾŬˡ
ôڱƺȥ
˳ĸǰȫ, İˣҲ, ³ĬСͲ֮ܰ˵ȥû˻֪ġ
˭뵽, Ѿȥĳ³ĬȻԩ, 
ǿҪˡ
Լʷҵߡ
û, ȴڳ˸̫ࡣ
ȻǶȴֽк, ˲̫ǶԲᡣ
֮￿˫ֺʮſģѾˣ֪ˣ³Ĭ㲻ҪңҪңѾˡɻͷҵģϽȥͶ̥ɡҲҺ㣬ҪҲӦҲǡ
Ǽؿ¥Сһ㣬ɪŹӣȻǶԳ³ĬĴԻŰɣֵÿֲ̿յǵӡ
³Ĭԣǲ˷Լģһ仰Щˬ
ѹʱѩϼ˪³ĬԼҲһɱ
ɱ֮󣬺ĿôʣⲢܹԭµĽɡ
νϴΪĹĸͲϣ
Գ³ĬǲˬĽϺݺݵزһ£۵˶Ҫȴڵϵĸ壬һֱ˻ȥ
ֻ˫ۻֲ̿ɪӣʹرʾ֪ˣ֪ˣó³ĬҪ
λ񾯿ı֣ǳĬ
ǰɣˣ
ǶЩëȻ
ô˵أ
³ĬĹڣԼ˳ﻹͦˡ
Ͼһʻ
̣Ҳֲһʧ
ǽһ½Ȼ˵ĳ³ĬĴڣҲһһʮؽˡ
ʵǲĻµһû߻ǵڶٴˣԼѶңͻȻػ״̬ȥ
Щɫ΢û˵ʲôǳȥˡ
ΪѧҼѧ¥ʶӣأʮͽ̡
֪»̲סͥ裬߲꣬Ϊʲôᱻʮꣿ
ⲻƽ
ⲻƽ
ҪߣҪߣ
Ȼ³ĬôܻߵĻᡣ
ѺĵϣݺݵһΡ
һжɹΪνҽԺ
ڵ֪Ϣֵڰ칫ֱĴȣ׷׺Żá
ԭų³ĬĹĴڵͬ£̲סʼš
ȻĻΪʲôһҪߵĵϣͻȻ֮òϺõ˿ٴαѿѪģ
˵ҽѸڶŵòಡ
ԼƱж񱨡
һΪǶҽԺѾľˡ
Ƿˣ³ĬͲŹ
֪Ͳϡ
Ҫǲڿ»ֺܾ
¿˵ǽѣȷȷʵʵǷߡ
˭ҲĴڡ
ȻѾˣⲢԸÿζΪһססüԺ
ǳԺؽ֮Ҳûкܺá
Щﷸ֪Ϊʲô֮󣬶ľջرĸȤ
֪Ȼһ̫֮󣬸
ЩͷʱʱͻעĿӣв˵ĳЦ.衣
»ûó³ĬĹɵĸҸһЩ
Ȼʱ򣬳³ĬĹȴʧһ˵ļʹضȹЩµ¡
±ץ֮󣬾ͨҲ˳ȥ
һеѧȫˣǸͲǸЦãǴһƬʦȻǸ.̬
һǸͬ
³ĬͬѧΪָ𣬸Ϊ֮ǰʦвɧţŵֱ¥ɱ
ҵġ
ô
̫ˡ
ѧǶ̲סɪɪͬʱ־ó³ĬǺÿ
ѧУﱻʦ۸İ費֪һζ˺ָصһ룬ǵĻҲֱ¥ɱ
ĸھŸ֪֮󣬸ǾֱӾ˹ȥ
¥ɱ֮󣬳ĸҲ֮С
û뵽ԼôĶӣһΪָ¥һԾ¡
ô죬ҪԼϵʹ࣬Ҫ˵ָָ㣬˵ָҲܲסصѹֻô
ɵ֪ԼĶѧУʦ۸󣬸Ǳ
¸֪֮ͬĺ˫ۡ
ֳĸҲԼֺΪʲô˵顣
ĸΪָ𣬵͸¸˾ҵʾ¸ҲûйĹӣʲôʸָ
鷢󣬳¸һֱ߸ָĸڳĸ֪ԼҶӲΪָ¥ָ˹һ
ɷ¸Ҳûչ˺úӣһ˵Ρ
ǿ޸ڼһһ̲ס̾˿
ʲôӶѾûˣָʲô˼
³Ĭڵʱ򣬲ôĺӣûˣڻжΡ
³Ĭ񾯵촦ŰϤӰɬ
ֻϧѾ޲ˡ
ְ裬һμˡ
ϣ±ӣܻһְ衣
ҪжôߵѧҪжôõĹֻϣܹʱʱԼֻϣǲʱʱ̵̿رԼѧϰ
ѧϰĺడ
ϣְԺкˣܹȡѵҪúصĸˡ
ʼգ¸ĸ֪ĺǡ
֮ǶĨᣬǰѶ̫̫飬ӲŲ֨
ʼգƺû׳³ĬΪʲôҲϳԼĽ⡣
ֻǹִһԸΪǶԷĴҲǸʦĴźǵĶɥ
ɱ̾


45 
׾ƾû, ͸СҶˣʱǱߵ
֪Ѿ³ĬʵҲ˵ס
³Ĭû뿪, ׾ƾƲûдߴ
ýǻġ
׾ƾؼҵʱ, Լֻ˳
׸Ǿϲ˵Ű׾ƾ˷Ǯ
ֻ, Ҫôõġ
˿ֻܴ绰, ͦõ, ʵݡ
˵ֻһǧ϶Ҫġ
᲻
ҸֻҲ˵, Ժ׬˸Ǯ϶ǻõġ
Ϊ, ׾ƾ˳㻹˵ԼȥμӾʱһǣǽһ飬ıꡣ
֮⣬ͬѧھӽһС, мǧǮˣ޸ͲҪǮ⡣
׸һŮھôĺóɼ˽ѧ, Ҿ֮󣬻ôذһλǽ, ǮӶɳˡ
ֵֿسԷģһи붼Ѿ൱ˡ
ŮȻ˼Ǯ
Ȼ֪ԼŮбµ, ǲҲ̫ˣ
ϾƽʱȥŰæ, ҲǸļʮٿ鰡
鷳һ, Ҳǧͷ, ɴûҪֳֵġ
׾ƾƽ͵ΪǲһǼ򵥵ֶѣǰ󷨣ԸǮȻЩ
Ұ裬Ǯ˵ʵҲС˼
Ҫ֪ЩǵȦ죬ҪҵһĴʦʮסʮ򶼲һܹ뵽ʦ⡣Ҫ飬ʵѾëëϸˡ
̲סԼؿڣô󣬻ûʮʲôأ
̲סԭô׬Ǯ
׾ƾƵͷɲ
ȻǰҲΪŮⱾ£˼ҲԸ⻨Ǯ԰ְԺҪٸ㻨ǮˣܹԼԼжʣء
׸ֿ֮࣬ڵǮúúô棬ԺϴѧҲá
ѹѣ軹Ҫġ
׾ƾҲνǮˣͺúôţҲŮĿ֡
Ǹһ֮󣬰׸顣
˿ں̣ɣ͸¶żΣҸ軹صһ䣬úÿӣǧܸմϡ
ǧûܷס
ĸϵĻȥĳĲ˼ҰףʼӮ죬֮䣬ԽԽࡣ
滹ǷĳǮܻ˼ҡ
۶ӣıָԼҴĻƽָծ
ǻƽָվûס
Ҳ̲ס̾˿ɲվΪӸ˳ȥ
̧ۿԼŮǶΪĽѵСӿ϶ٶ¡û뵽ĲΪܹ͵˼Ǯȥģûɴ֮ǰ˸ץȥڼˡǺܼϣܸӽġ
˵֮°׾ƾΪѣûа취ĻҲҪӦ£ȻǿҲ˵ĻҲɵ
ְһ䣬ֻ֪Ͼ滹Ҫ㡣
ǰ˵ˣҪа취Ļ϶æû취ĻҲֲȥԼܰͰﲻҲմ֡
׾ƾ̧ۿ޶Լе̲סЦЦİɣʵܼ򵥣ͿԼ᲻õá
ʲô
޶Щ档
ʵʼöĳ˶ָͺˡôӣһһεذծԼкܣȻη塣ҪӽĵĻֱӿָ֪֪ʹ࣬ȻͲˡ
׸̲סһŵƹŮλδЦģ̲סЩͷƤ飬²ͬ⡣
ϾĸԸ⿴ԼҶֱϳΪзϡ
ԸĻĳҪָʱ򣬾Ͳ
ͬĻҾû취ˡ
׾ƾƼа취ҲѰ취˷һĹϣֺá
ģѵһۣǺò˵ġ
ϾĶֲǱЩ飬ҾҲˡ
Ҳ̲סͬƵصͷɲѧѧֵı£֮ǰҲָԽϧԼûҪŮֲȻûа취ˡ
ҹԱֲǻɣö
㿪ڵǳɣҾȥҸ˵һǸɲˡִҪæĻҾͰ⻰
ҹҲˡ
׾ƾһʱڲϵֻ˳һ·һϢ
·һڸ׾ƾƼVֱ֮ӾתǮ˵˼лл֮ʧˡ
׾ƾǮҲû⣬Է绹Ҫġ
ⲻ
ʦ֪˭ˣҵĺѶηɡû뵽Ȼ
ڶηɳһ죬·һֱȥҽԺȥǶԷµϢ󣬲˶ټңڻ֮Уʺϼͣ·һ޹ֻǻȥ
ȥ֮Ҳܼ尾
һԼǰ̫һ־ߺ˶η֮⣬ûϴʦ˵Ҫˡ
·һ֪ηѺ󣬵һʱþϵҽԺͳȥ
ʦ˵ˣ˻Էͻ⵽ɡ
ǶηɸɵģôηӦþѾ֪ԼǱˡ
ԲŻһʱȥҽԺ
·һųصȥҽԺηɡ
ηڲϣȱøľһɫ԰ף㲣ʱϵЦǳǿ
·һϸ۲죬Լʱ͸¶żԹ֮ɫݼţϸģ¾ͺԹȥˡ
ˣ·һ׵׵ؾˣǶηġ
ΪʲôΪʲô
ķ·ݵ˹ȵһ㣬ʣʶηô꣬Լη˲֪·ǶԶη御ɶηôģ
Ȼˡ
ÿʵسǰο
ǽúöİ
һ˲䣬·һ鶼ЩӲĮĶηһ£̲ס·硣
·һع¶һĨǵЦǸΪԭԹˣҲæˡټϿͻȻôùصˣҲԾ˴ǰ
ǸʱĪغȥҲһùҲ֪ô£ֵôùһ
⻰˵ģɶηȴһ⡣


46 
ұ΢һ, ȻǺˣϣû, ҲûײҲǲеҰɣ
·һԽô˵, ηԽëëģ԰, ϸش·һ, ȷֻǸп, û˼֮󣬶η˿
, Ϊ·һʲôˡ
ҲǣķʲôԵĻ, ҲܰǸæĴʦϵʽ
ĻŶԷˡ
ǶηҲŰ̾ͣɲҲ֪ô£Ǹ񾭲Īؾײ, ҵ˴ù
һ£Ҫڲɺþá
˽ǶҪһ죬Ҫ˵ڵ״
ηɺļ, ѹʱ򣬾Ѿǽͷöظ, ԭһЩԴ˾˸Ϸˡ
ϾһˣЩͨҲˡ
˾Ȼǻˡ
ηȻ֪̲֮סҪѪ, 뵱ΪЩԴƴƴжŬ, ɽȫɵժ, ٣
Ÿż, һֱӽо˰·һ˹
취·һŪͷ
ǰŪͷʱܼ򵥣·һһȾƣ಻ֻҪԺȻ͵͵קһͷС
ֲܶõԷͷƺҲ˱ȵ컹ѵ顣
Զηֻܼϣľϡ
ڵ֪ηҪ·һһͷʱҲһ±ơ
˲ʼǸ֮󣬹˾ͻһµľ˴
Ǿ˲֪η˽飬˵Ҫ·һͷʱﻹֵġ
ǱϾȦô꣬Ҳǲ֪Ȧﲻ˿Сġ
ٽ϶ηԭʮ߲֪СͻȻ֮·һȴǴӵ춥Īùһ·ȥԼͻȻݷתùĲٵù˺ˣõùȴƫƫùײȣ⻹
ȦĶûдˡ
Ͳµ˶ηҪʲô
ǰҲԼ˸п·һãˡ
˶ηܹʲôа˵ֽţ·һϵ˸
ڶηɳ˳Ϊм˵ʲô
·һ֮ǰһʹηɡ
ηȻǲϳϣϣ˾Ͳ£η޷ֻʵʵ˵˳
û˵ĺϸֻһ˼
ЩŭǶηΪ֮ǰҲûǸ취ֹ
֪Щģġ
һ㶼ϲԼµЩ߶߶Ķ
ȦȷʵвСһʱСɻ³ҲһĲҡ
ͼһ
ɼˣȦеŵ˻ǶԴ˷ӵ
ϾõĻˣȻԸ⸶ۣԼϼꡣ
ҵľˣһҪңһپ٣һҺܺáҴʦ˵ˣֻҪõͷͻ»ġ
η˵ĵ֤һκε⣬ֻͷѣκιϵĳЩҲûκιϵ
ǿͬˡ
Ͼηһ£Դֹ꣬ҪǣڼϢ⼸£ûع⣬׾ͻʧȦ
Ҫ˵ηԼ˷ɣҪǲ鷳
һľҲֻǸ
ҺҲֻͷһС£Ļ˲һԸ
к·һ£ָ˱ˮ·һĴͷһʱ֮Щ֡
ҪŮǻ߰·ߵżĻõǵͷɵ顣
ϾŮͷ㲻Сĳһ¶ܳ
Щ·ߵżҲϲһͷקһҲǼ򵥵顣
Ǵͷ鷳ˡ
лöק
һʱ֮ҲЩɵۣû뵽ô򵥵ȻͰڴͷˡ
ηɲ˵ƣҲѪ
ôҲһ㡣
֮ǰõ·һͷʱ򣬶ԷǸûɴͷõͷܼ򵥡
Ҫлóͷ
ܲľ˸·һȾưɡ
η˶Ҫѿˣ֮£ֻǿ·һμӸƾֵʱ취ٽ˽ӽͷ
ηǿѹסĵķ֮⣬װϲ·һѯȥĹš
·һֻǼ˼˵ÿһ֮ǰη󲻵ĴԴӶˣҲ֪¶˼ֵĽ뼵ޡ
·һûҵǸʦĻЩԴӦöġ
ЩԴҪһȫͲΡ
Ŷη΢Ť飬·һ˲óĺܣϲ޵ĲУȴָɲӡ
ηǿѹסĵĲʣһԼĵùȻֹ˵Լ˲ܺȾƣְ֯ľƻᶼòμˣǿǺ£˷ЩԴʹ·һǣߴš
·һЦЦôһ˵ҲǺ£㲻һֱǰ˵Դӻ֮æİÿ춼ڲͬͶߣƣڸպãϢ˵ЩԴĿǰòϣ̫࣬ʱ䶼á
ηɣ
үġ
ô˵ֻǹǰ԰ڶѡ
·һΪԼæǹ⻰Ц
ηɻûܴ׳ʲô·һǱ߾˾ʹ绰ʾ֮ǰ˵ĹҪǰģ·һϽ
·һǸضԶηɱʾҪȥæˣöηɺúñ壬пٹ
ηǿһĨЦĿ뿪һ뿪֮ضľ˵Ͻһ㣬ʲôƾμӵģʱ취ŪͷûоƾֵĻ֯ҲҪ֯һ
˵ͷ
ƾֵĻǳ򵥣Ѿô
·һľҲġ
һľƾϣҲԼȵ
ǲҲС
ӲͷƤϡ
ηɽصȴͷĵͷûһεȵù
ˣϲǳѣ֮ǰͰȥˣﲻסֻһʿȥ
ΪǸ򵥵飬ˮʱ򣬲֪ôһֱˤ˵Ͱ
Ͱոշŵˮɧζĵˡ
ǣĻʿţıűҺϴˢľʧ
ʿŻ
ηңɣѾûʲôֵˡ
Ȼ⻹ҵģҵˤȥʱСǣ˿ڣҪж
ҽ˿ܵشԺ׳⣬ҪĹлúñĻпܻһЩ֢˵·һȳһա
ǲ˽
ηɻŵһȣΪͨ˽ŶԽܣҪ˵ھ۹µĴǡ
˽žҪ
Ͻ绰ˣߴ㣬ٲ㣬Ҫûˣ
л˵


47 
·һ׾ƾϢʱյϢ, ηΪϲСĻȶˣٴνҡ
ϴһҲ˳
չǸʿ͵͵ϵġ
ʿǶηɵķ˿, ܹչ˶η, ˵һǳ˵顣
Ȼ˭뵽żӴĵһ, ȴشĴ
ηɵȻһ飡
ҵģ??
ֻҪһ뵽ޱȵϴ, ʿ;ö¡
ʱ, ĻʲȫȻֻһоġ
ǡùҽԺ͵, ʿ̲סҲ²˳ȥһ²۳ȥѡ
Ͼֶֿ, öηշ۷׷ѷۡ
Ͼշ۱ֻǳżǵգ·
ټ϶ηҲ˵õܹǿԺԱϴһĵ飬ԷַѷҲȻ
ͬʱ, ηɵĶԼҲ飬ηɵԽԽһʱ֮, ηɳȫԱЦ
ֻҪһᵽȻЦرʾǸϴżǲǣ
ӴԺ, ηɾϴıǩĶӰΣܹ̥, ʲôԹо޴׵ϴˢϵǩ, Ļ, ǩԶȥġ
ηѾ
ǳ׵׵ظܵʲô˵ķɡ
Ҳ̫˰ɣ
ʮ߶ûôù
ҲԽ, ǿҪ󾭼˸Ͻ顣
ʦηȷʵͬ˵ùһһֵľ˾ȻǸ£һֱҲμٰľۻᣬҪѶηɵԴ͸ҡ
ҾӦûôġ
׾ƾһߺŷѼһĵشֻظȻǲͽˣʲôʵģ
׾ƾƾ·һȷʵеɵ㶵ǵġ
˳һ¶ηɣ˵Ƭ֮һɨƶʵ࣬עȦ߲Զ
ҴӽڵƬϿѾ·ˡ
·һ׾ƾƵĻظҭһ£ϸ룬Լȷʵʵĺ塣
Ͻһʻʽҵ˼ǣʦ֪Ļڣ׼ھۻٸЩʲô顣
ҲԶţǲھۻϸ£Ҳ֡ʦʲô취ܹһݵ𣿡
׾ƾƻظģֻҪԷûǱߵĴʦ˲ӰĻЩıɹԼùҲҪע⣬ȻԷܹɹһΣǱȻܳɹڶΡҪעƷͷָףѪҺ׵رߡΪЩǿġһαɹܿΪηõͷ
Ͼָ׸ѪҺͷõֵġ
·һ͵һĴȣԭǴ⡣ʦģҾԻעⲻǵóѵġ
мֵģһأһСıǵóˣǸô죿
ʵڵĵĻҾͻ㣬ǸõͷҵķߣҲɹˡʱ֪ͨң
õĺõģǾ̫ллʦˡ
·һм֣ʶûʣֱתһǮ׾ƾƣ޶̶ð׾ƾüڶԷϵΪǳ⣬극֮󣬾ͻһŻ
ûмĿݵĵط׾ƾ룬մǧֽףǧֽϣɹȥ͵·һңĴͻȻ졣
׾ƾƴ򿪴һͼǵһбСҶ˿ĵشӴڰϿտյһƬܴ֫ٶвʱ˿̵Ļζ
Сһˣ
³ĬǱߵ飬СҶ˶ʵת֪ģûʲô֮СҶ˱㴫Ҫ˼
׾ƾȻӦ¡
û뵽Ȼҹϵ
СҶ㵸ظ߰׾ƾƹڳ³Ĭ£µлϾѾ֤ݣСҶԾԲûسǶ
ų³ĬһҰ׾ƾƵģκγ³ĬҪ±̲ŰݣСҶ˵ȲԼҪȥˡ
׾ƾСҶ˵С֣Ŵϻشǹϲ֮飬һʱҲ̲ס˹
СһﻹǳϵĿɰ
룬ӰóʣҲ˼ʣܿСҶҲӵ۾ӸͣȥԽĿɰˡ
Ҳ˳ԼԼƽҡ塣
պüȻˣǾͰһ顣
׾ƾƽǻ۵ãȻٷŵһСУܷãߴ
СӸСҶ˿˵ƽ׾ƾƽǴбСҶϣȥͺСҶбһһСİһҪѹˡ
׾ƾһЦ˴СҶ˵С壬ϸ΢˳ָСҶ˵壬˲
СҶ˸˵ȫҶƬԽĴ̺ÿ
ַСҶ֣֮µص˵СԴʾһȻ˳Ŵ˳ȥûһʧ˰׾ƾƵ֮С
׾ƾЦЦغôֻһһ˿С죬СҶ˻ؼõġ
һ֮˳ַ˸Ϣ·һʾϾͻĳȥǵòա
·һл֣˳һ°׾ƾƼĵĸݡ
׾ƾ룬СҶƿݡ
·һ
±ƣĥɶʱһƷƿݣôû˵
Ͼŵʱ·һͻȻԼ屻졣
͸èۣûпκˣֵĺܡ
ǲǽʲôǲǰ׾ƾƵĿݵˣһһε
·һһ
Ϊȷȷʵʵûп˰塣
Բֹۣ
ʱֻˣֻ԰׾ƾƵһϢǶ
š
·һ±ƵգգۣҲ٣ⶼܱʦ֪ʦװ˼ͷ
л㱵شţȻһտյʲôҲûС
֮ʣҪʴʦô£ĽѾͻȻоһʹͷһ
ֻԼЬĴĴָһСҶƬ
СҶƬȥǱרŲóһСֽһģȥɿɰ
СҶƬϻһӣҪСֽ˸ѹһ㡣
ʲô
·һֵظմȥãͼСҶ˾Ȼˡ
ˣ
·һŵ?һ£æ˼Ŀ㵵ؿСҶƺЩض˶첲ȻԼϵǸӸơ
·һ
ѾƼСҶϵСƺЩسԼ
ҵ𣿡
·һɵ㶵ǵָָԼָ֮־Լе
û뵽СҶ˾Ȼĵ˵ͷ
Ҳ٣ţѽ
СؿСҶһۣȻȥСӡ
С֮󣬱һŻ
·һ죬Щ㱣ԣǴʦͻ
±ƣ˵ЩʲôȴСҶ˲֪ʲôʱʧ֮С
ŹţһɫЩظ׾ƾƷϢֶǶЩ
̼


48 
Եû, ǸҵСҶˣרΪͿݵġ´ǻĻܻٶּ, ʱͲᾪˡ
·һ
˵, Ȼǰ״ʦĽ
·һ͵ʿˮȻ˷ֱܵԼĴ, ǻ֡
Ȼ֪׾ƾƷ߳, رţ, ΪԼƽ󷨵ʱɣɵ·һǲ´ڡ
Ȼ϶Ǵڵ, ӹɡ
ֻǴʦ̫赭дҲʲôһ
ʵ֤, ʦǴʦΪţԲƵĿɿڴ
˽⵽ģȦûλʦһҶƬɵֽ, ֣һƢ
Ż, ԾЧ
·һ˷ܵظ署£ЩĽ, ܸǿĴʦʶҶԷôûмӣֱ˹ʺˡ
ʱ, ηɵϢһη˹, иۻ, ϣμһ¡
ͷϵԴΪԭѾ˻ϡ
￴, ټĿǰԴǳԾ·һ
·磬Ȼ֮ǰ˵Դ㣬㶫ôΣҪһξۻһҪȥѽ
·һЦ֣һûгɵӦˣ֮ǰѡ
·һӦ£ηڲϸ˵زǳɹˡ
һѺüˣһζηʱʵѾϣһλɹǾֱ˴
Ͳһͷò
ηϢľˣȥͿˡ
ɫӦ£Ƥ⼸һֱܾʲôõҪһ
֪Լòò͵ȥ͵Ļηɾûˡ
ڵѾȫЦ
һᵽηɣֻϴĸ֣ͷϵԴĸɸɾУ˳Цµһ˶Դ
˷ֶηɵùҲӰơ
ԣþ׵ĻܶҪȵס
Բ񣬻ص׼ҵСҶڼ˵ķѾ˵ƣԼ˷ܵϢشǴм˽ȥȻɵ˵ĴͷԣʼĿϢ
ڶһ磬һ緹ûԣͼҴҵȥҡ
ѾˣǶؽˮӱڷƽͷ֮⣬Ͳ
ȻǲԸ⣬ִˤ֣ڷ裬ٲȻͰһ
డΪԼѧãϮ˴ԣֻܱš
ϽֱǲǾƾƻˣû˵ôȾҶӣ
Ϊѵؿץһһеģ̾˿
һ֣輤ɫתΪ
ôˣûа취𣿡
ŵͷȷʵ˵ˣûа취ӲǱʲôָȥĵĲԼȾ񫣬ˡǸһҾ϶á
ʲô
۾ݵһ¾ٵ˵˵ʲô
Ϊѵššüͷһҧѿڶ˶֡
辪ѣ˵ʲô
Ȼ⻰Ѿ˵ˣҲԼ˵䡣
ô˵ģʵһʼҲЩţǺ־мֵ
ֶȾ϶񫣬һֱİæ˱ĳŸ֮⣬ûܵһʵʵ˺Ȼǲ£Ŷģŷ
룬ñĳ˰ֶʹľܲôֶӶԶĳ˱𣿡
ҲԺ󲻻ٹˣһֱҪһ뵽Լû˺û˱ܷۣ϶Ҳ顣
ȻҲٶġ
ĻңΪĸףôԼĶӱ˶ָ
侲ʵ˵ûд
ΪһʼĳҪָʱһζţóҴĻƽָ˶ծΪӲŻν
⵱Ķš
ôҲ²ġ
ҸȥҾƾơ
Բ۾ɲѵǼҾƾưɣ
һۣʲôأҾƾʡ
ò⣬Ҿƾưæ
̾˿аɣ߰ɡҳ˵ǰͷպĶӱ֣ˣɲǼ鷳
Լȷġ
ŵͷ֪֪
˰׼ңƼ׾ƾǶ࣬滹һСҶˣСҶϻ۾ӸͣŻ֣ͯȤʮ㡣
ʱ򣬰׾ƾƽСҶ˷ŵԼ¶¶һĨЦ
Ӧһü˰׾ƾƵǰûüڣͼ׾ƾեһȥ֮󣬿żɽҪʲô취ӵĻ˵ġ
ҪٹľȥģԺ־ȥԺ֣͵ûӡ
һӾ⡪ܺ𣿡
׾ƾƤӣɫĮϴʱ谵ĹߣľսηС
˵䲻ģĹܵʱֱӷݺݵһͷ֪ʲôʲô˵ˣ̯Ķӣиûʲô𣿡
ģûʲôҪ˵ˡ
ɤϣŰ׾ƾƵĮͬһ죬Ҳʲ׾ƾƶӵ
̾˿ɥš
裬ֿԼŮҲû
Ǹ˵Ѿ˵ˣҪôԼ顣
˵֮ܰͰʱﲻǰﲻ
ο׾ƾƵģԺǱ߳ʲô£ûϵ㲻òġаأ
׾ƾƿ¶ЦС֣кһ緹
緹ûãھţǸڵ̡
ԷŮĩؼ˺öණصһЩ
Ů˼Ҳ˹
˼ִûκȤģֻ˵﷢飬ǸĿɿڴ
Ҹڵİ׾ƾ֪ԸЩôͻȻ֮ͳŵĴˣ
һţƵذβҵ˻ƽָ֪͵ģĲĵӰ
Ҿǰ죬׾ƾƻӮѧУĽѧ𣬸Ǽ˲ʵ䣬˵µʱĽ
˼֪˵ʲôá
룬ҿԼʱ˲ٺöҫ
ⲻͰ׼ҶʱҲϽ˹
ΪһǸк̥ǣȻһµİ׾ƾơ
̣㡣
׾ƾƴЦɨ˼Լֵʱ΢΢ѹѹǡ
Ȼ


49 
, ƾƣ
˼ҲЦźһĿڰ׾ƾƵϣǲ, Ǿޡ
ѵ˵ľƾѾͷˣ
⿪Ҳ̫ÿ˰ɣ
͸԰ƯĻǶ, ԼǷһ
֮ǰİ׾ƾƣ˼öǸ᲻ߴС, ɬĺܡ
ڵȻɬ, ǶŮķҷȴѾػӷ˳
ÿ
Ȼϻ˵ĺ, һһֻС
˼ְ, ͤոպá
˵İ׾ƾΪɽϴݵʱ򣬲СĽŵײȿˤһ, ֮ڼϢ˼죬ֳ˲ٶ壬ŰƯ˼ĥԼȥ֮ǲҲԼಹ
תһ, һֻǰԼİְֵģǲ궿ˣ
˼ྵʱ򣬰׾ƾƿ˼, һЦ뿪ӻȥ𣿡
˼, ⶼ㵽ˣ
׾ƾЦЦҡҡͷֻǲ², Ͼ˫, 㹤ĵطֺԶ, ת鷳, ϶ߡ
˼̲סЩ˼ЦЦⲻ˵׾ƾƸѧһգһţƺģڵŴдβ裬Ѫܵ
ΪҲǰ׾ƾ㵽ġ
ϸ룬һҪϰ࣬ɲ͵
㣬ջع˾·Ͽܻе⣬һٻȥ
˼
ʲô⣿
ʲôѽһԵˣϽŰ׾ƾƵƾǲ㵽ʲô
׾ƾ΢΢ףճж㲻߽ҪƳҪǰ
˼æֵǲɣҲ֪ǴƫӴֱվĴܹôһˣǰĻͽߣƺĻ͵١һиͻҪݷǣҲȥĻʱ϶Ҫ鷳
ȴǲͬŮĸ첲ֵƾƶ˵ƳƳ٣ͻҪҪ
˼̲ס˸ۣ裬˵ʲôأôͱҪǹҪˣҾƾҲû˵Σ
Ȼãһˣʵеҿˡ
׾ƾȴǸ͵ȷʵΣһҲҪ㽲
ⷢһǽ㲻ҪбȽϺá
һ˵ĻΣͽϽ׾ƾƣô죿
Ҫô⣿
Ҫ̳ôģ
˼
Ҳ˿Űɣ
ǰ׾ƾ˵ʲôʲô
˼Ϊ߲Щ⽨һ㶼š
ֻǴһϲЩ
ǰʹЩ߶߶Ķ˼Ҳ⡣
ǰ׾ƾΪһʱĸôҲܱЩʴ˴ԣ
֮ǰ˵׾ƾƵһЩʱ˼˼Ͼ͵ĸ͵ýָ׶Ŵϱߡ
һ̯ˣ;ð׾ƾһ㶼ס
զܿһۣ֪Ҫأ
ȵŻҪװ
۳ԼŮϣִ̲һ£ұ졣
֮תŰ׾ƾ¶һЦƾư˵һ˵ôŪȽϺá˵Щɵ֪ϡ
˼
ɵĻǵôصѧ
׾ƾƵؿ˼һۣڶԷеŭ벻Ų⡣
ûϵǴžžž׾ƾҲһ
Ҫô鷳Ҹ㻭һŻʱӦÿԻ⡣أлڣֵܵ֡
һڼңĻҲҡ
úúãϽǮҸ㣿
׾ƾƱһȽʵݵļ۸񣬱ϾھӣƽʱǸҽӴҲȽ϶̶࣬ǼҲȽϹչˣ԰׾ƾƵļ۸ҲΧֻȵŵļ۸ȷʵǹ˲١
˼νĸȻҪٿʱӶˡ
ʲôЦ֮ǰַո˵ʱʮҲٿ顣
׾ƾССһŻȻҪʨӴ٣
Ȼ붼û룬˵ʹӶͳźƱӵݸ˰׾ƾƣĲǱϴ
˼е㲻֮ǰ˵ֻǾȤ棬˼ƭǮƭͷˣ˼ͲǸˡ
üͷ˵㲻Ҫɵ£ͼ׾ƾǮ֮תķȥ
һֻʣһЦĺͰ
ˣ˼קһԣѹʲôأƽʱ㻨ٿǮóԵģ㶼ãڵһʲôٿǮ㵹õó
Ͳ˼ˣ㣬ƭ𣿡
ôܣ
̵˼һۣƾ˲ǿĺܡҪۼʶ˸Ŵﻹдβ飬Ϊ˵ͻɴͳٿǮ𣿡
˵ٿ飬Ҳʹĺܡ
ٿǮ
ܻüأ
ô죿˭ŮİΣҪ
ٿǮܹסŮǵĻٸԸ
ؼ˼ôΪͺǸԩͷһ˵ˡ
׾ƾʱ򣬽ǻѾ۳Сǣ˼ڶźã粽롣
˼ŴɫŰ׾ƾǺЦСģ˼ǻ˵
ǰ׾ƾûƯʱСﻹͦģôƯ֮˼ôˣ
Ȼƭ˵Ǯ
ı½ӹ˼еǻûзʲôڲ֮ͬ룬̲סڵҪûʲô飬ҿҪ˻ظġ
׾ƾЦЦؿһۣԣû⣬ҵȻǰͲ㲻¡ҲҪҵҪš
֪ˡ
ΪûٿǮ˼϶ž©Ļᡣ
ǧлл֮קŲ鲻Ը˼ȥˣĻ𣿡
׾ƾصͷûǷ϶ãҵĻŵĻ벻⡣
Ӻǲš
׾ƾƲ⣬ҵҲǸһһˣЩ㲻ҲǾҹŪ𣿡
ûϵģҲ⡣
Ͼһߣ˴඼ŲҪֱ湤Ҳ࣬׾ƾҲν
˵ˣԴʶ·һ֮󣬰׾ƾҲͿϴСǮˡ
⣬ְǱҲ½½ڸ⣬æ
ͳǱߵ⣬׾ƾƵҲܿɹۡ
ټѧķ߰˰˼ߵĽ𣬰׾ƾƵС˵ǻͦġ
ٹʱ䣬ܸﰲյˡ
ٽһͻĻϷܷһ顣
Ȼ׾ƾƸϻ׷׸ȻǸϲڴ԰׾ƾǴϼҷһ¡
׸ɲ֪׾ƾƵ뷨֪ԼŮеȫ֪жţơ
ԼұŮųԷգ˵ҲǺ£ܹ鲻ٷۻ׬˶Ǯ
ĸĿɲϣԼĺӹɣôࡣ


50 
˼Ʋֵػص֮, Լĺͬ²ۡ
Ҹ˵֣ԽԽȥˣǰһЩ, ȥҲ, ڵãȻҸھӼҲϸ߶С, Żҡ
ٿأ
Ƕ˵, ٿҲһʾ޶
һ칤ʶûأ
ڵ۶, øǮĬĬȥ赹, ۾գҲգֱٿǮȥˡ
ٿǮܸٱѽ
Ҫˡ
ֻͷˮ˼ôһ˵, Ҳ̲סȵصɴ۾û뵽ȻôšΪʲôڲŸ߶СðҪҲŲŶѽ
˼̲ס׾ƾƵ֣ĩ˻Щ֮ǰŰ׾ƾƽûе˼, 룬ʱڳĻ˵׼Ҳҳ˭͵Ŵ, ˭Ľָ
ϾŴĶϱϰԵشżöңҪ˵, һɶĶӣóֺ, ƽָ, Ըйϵ
˵ЩֻҪϸͶ뵽, ֻ׾ƾ, ˵˶ѡ
سƻ̫˽˼˵˼ңôһҲЩ
ڰο㲻˵ûõĻͰ˻ȥ500쿴ˡ
˼ͷﻹЩˬƵͷСһһֱͣؿˮ֣˼̲סЦŵƵСʱˣ;ûͣòǻ˰ɣ
ͬ£ͬһԱУǹʺܵ͡
ǮǶŮ﹤ֻΪ˲Լڼôġ
һյرʾڼţǹ־Ǻ裬̫ˣ˳Ҹʱ˼Ĳ֪ж
ԭĻǮģҷݹĴڡ
Ȼʼʶֵʱ˼ǻᱻʶķƵļദ˾ͻ֣ᷢʵ˺浥Һܺദ
ҪǺܴ󷽣˼ദžҲͦġ
һȥ˾ͳ˹˾˽ѡ
˼Ҳ֪һͦõѣһˡ
˼ҲΣͦ˧ģҲá
Ҽͥ״ƺ̫ãũ壬㣬˵ǴӴɳķˡ
֪ôģ˼뵽˷С
ǶԷ㣬㶼ˡ
㲻ɱ뵽ŮоǶԷǲѪܳɹ˴ѧ
ϾҲǴũģȻ֪ЩͥŮһǳµĵز
õģһȻְʱ߶ҪһӣΪʱѪ岻ʺڶ־˵̫࣬Ҳûб軳̥
Ҳû˵ҪҸСģһȻ߳ȥ
ͷ߶䡣
ְıϾ
ʶŮ׵Ŀɲһ
ڵŴȻ˵Ůһŵĳ̶ȣѲʮŮ޳ȥʱõǮǸȢϱ
˼Ǽ̫飬һֽзļ֮ͥԵ״
ǰҲʾֿһзǲǼŮǲҪһҪкӣҪһ֮ǲѧõġ
ڸѣûЩҲûпǹЩֻѳ˧ǿֺãһܿġ
˵˼Щʱֻһ֣˼ΪʲôҪôࡣ
˼ʾϾһôҲ̸ۼˣ̸ۼ޲ǹ˵飬ͥ¡
ڴ֮ǰֿ϶Ȱзߵ˽͸õʱ⡣
˵˺üиʰ׸˻ҵճ顣
ȴ˼̫ˣѿ϶ˡ
˼˵ЩҲΪãҲûֻ˳˼䡣
ǸũûʲôĻӶǻ˾ĸ࣬ǴĶС
ͱǼСϴѧʱ򣬰ֻũûжǮܹ֧ѧҵԽæ֮ͻر㣬ǷǳȻ顣
ҸͲѪ¡
ҲʲôνŮֻΪȻȻؾˡ
Ҳ⻰ת˼һЦеرʾѿ϶ġ
˼ҲûĥȻзҲӴһأȷʵûʲô⡣
˼Ҳö࣬˵ʲôԼǸˡ
ֻûʲô飬ֵİ費̫ͬŮһ
ϾģԹα߹·ࡣ
ԴˣҲǿ֣˼˵ĵ顣
ǰʱ䣬ֻΪѵָ賳һܣת͸ͬˡ
ʱ˼ò̫ãȰ֣Ƣִʱʮͷţ
˼Ҳͷˡ
Ҹ˵һϢ㲻Ҫ˵
̵ҧһ㽶۾˼Ȼ;ֲԤС
òǻ˰ɣ
˴Ĵָ˼ĺôô֪һˣ
˼
˵ǵӾС˵ˣһҪǱĸӣܸŮһĻͻҪʹŮĸЭ
Ͼͳ˼붼ǻˣȻֻűӦ¡
ܲǿŮȥ̥ɡ
ͬӲŶѽôôͻˣ
ӣʵһϵͦ˵ģҲһֱҪ
ͲÿôˣһֱûϡһˣȥҽԺˣҽ˵ʲ׻
û뵽ͬһûþͻˡ
˵ţ̲סԼĶӣ˼ˣһԶԵĸˡ
˼Ƶ̶һСʱʱ䣬˼ͼԼǰƻ⣬һ㽶߰˰˵С졣
˼ƵͷӲؿԱˡ
̲סȰ֣ô࣬Ȼ˫ӵˣǳ̫ˣʱ򱦱̫󲻺
ҲЩţҲ֪ǾǶҾưɡ
˼ֵ֪𣿡
ҡҡͷûءȺٴЩɣڲһ¡
˵Ҫ˲˵𣿡
ǷҲŸ˵ģҿɶûᡣ
˼磬ܾ̫á
Լǵģ֪ԼŮԼ̫ϲĺӵĻǱӶҪˡ


51 
Ȼ˼̫Ҳû, ľѳۣѾѵĺӣܲóóȻؿ, Ҳ̫ʵ
ҪȻ˵ıȽϺ, Ͼֻͬ£ദʮĹ, ֪֪, ʲô˵ʲô
ʮĹ, ̯˵飬Ҫʲô˵ʲôĻ, ҲҪܵġ
˼Ҳֻ̾˿, úչԼҪǾ˵һ»е顣
ϾӴˣպҪĻĸǳá
һ߳С, һߵͷ֪ģҲǾõȺ˵
˼üͷ΢΢һ, ˵ЩʲôȴǻرʾҪ, ȲˣƵ
˼ΣһƬĽ, ֻԼˡ
Ҳ׼ع˾ʱ, ٸֺú˵һ¡
ڶڼһ, ָԼһ, ˼ʰԼĶİ죬׼ع˾
ȥվĴͳֻһ˼з֮㼱Ҵҵشֳֵˡ
뿪֮ǰ۰׼ң׼Ҷ¥Ĵţ͸ԼƼ׾ƾǰ֪˭˵
ջĿ⣬һֻһţٿǮҪûġ
׾ƾָСҶˣ棬СҶֻϸϸС첲ذס׾ƾ޳ʳָСϸȻεͺǶǧһ
ߣ͸һƼ˼ıӰ
׾ƾƿһۣµջĿ⣬СҶ档
㷢СҶƺЩ
ϾҶģ׺һ㣬ͺ˺
ܹǸæСɰ׾ƾƱҲҪŪһȽϼ̵塣
СҶ˵֪˰׾ƾƵ뷨Ǹ˵ǱƽԴ˲׾ƾƵ֣С̶ſϲˡ
ã
ƾƣǵǰ֮ǰǸ˵˺üǮ˸ʦӷˮͬͬѧ𣿡
ֻһ죬׾ƾƿһۣϢ
ظǵá
ôܲǵأǸʱİ׾ƾƿλͬѧ⡣
׾ƾƻϢ˷ܵرֱһͨȥ
ιƾƣղյλͬѧϢ˳ңæĻҪѶǮ
Ӽƺ£ЩҴš˼ǲȿǻЧȻȷҪҪȥæ
ͦͬѧ뷨ģϾһŻǮһʦֵöǮûЧ֮ǰððȻʦǺüǮҪûأǮǴˮƯ
ǣͬѧﶼ˵֮ǰλʦģ˲Ǯﻹǳ¡
һ԰׾ƾĴҲ
°׾ƾΪһ
׾ƾȴЦŵʲôģϾֻһ⣬ͬѧûмҵ汾£Ҳ
Ǿƾô˵
ǾŻģ˷˵Ҳ١
ЧˣˣȻ˵ƨߵߵظˡ
ϣǾƾǽ컭ãѧУҵʱһʱҰְãȻ֪ͨͬѧȥݼҵĻá
ϾڸͬѧϵĿɶԼСţǻȻǲͨͳȥ
ãֱסַڻþͽ͹ȥ
˵ţ׾ƾ˵һԱָСҶˣǣ¹ˡ
СҶ˿ɸˣϲڰ׾ƾƵߣͬʱҲϲ׾ƾƹ
Ϊÿιʱ򣬰׾ƾƶһЩ˵ǳ
ŶŶҲɡ
ֻΪ׾ǽпš
ǺܿģһµķգƾƣǵʱԷĽȥŰæĻô㣿һ治ͱϳ𣿡
ĵľǱͬѧϳ᲻ᵽʱȫУ֪ǸСЩͲˡ
׾ƾƵϳûйϵʱֻҪҪ˵ȥС
ǸʱʶҵȻ˵ʲôŸǶŸɡֻҪӴģԼҲ֪Ǹĺŵ˭á˵ˣұͲͬѧֻ֪ѧУѡҽҵ飬һôܻǵ̨
˿Ȼƾ㲻ĵĻǾûˡ
ҲǣǻôǮ˸ʦûãȴԼͬͬѧشеʱȻǴ˵ʲôʲôĿܻѴеݾȥ
߸˵Ӧ£͸λͬѧ˵һ£ʾϿݾͻš
ԱʦĸЧʸĵԭΪҪٵһڣϾԷһһΣ˹ʱֻܵȵһڡ
ǽʵû취˲Ÿ˵飬û뵽ʦô˵
ͷ׵һرʾΪʦͦصģԱżһʱȰѻ㻭üĹȥҲǴʦϿͻˣʦȻǻչһϿˡ
ʱõ֮󣬼ǵźá
õĺõģǾ̫ллʦˡ
ˣǮһţ
һţһǧ塣
۸ʱ򴽣۸ҪԷˡ
㻨Ǯһиٿ飬һóһǧ壬ҲЩ֡
ڵѪһ뵽ҹѹԼϵǸ֪ĶԱһǧʲô
ֻҪþͺá
ûأֻǴԼС͡
Ǯ֮ǿŴʦԲŻڴʦģʦǧʧ
ҪҲΪجξѣȻ󿴵һ˫µ۾ĶԼ˳㷢Լã͸ѹһ
̫ˡ
ÿϵجζһÿѹĸоһġ
Щⲻס
һεʱ˵ҲؾϽȥǴʦЦǣǴʦȻǸòȻƭӡ
ƭǼҼʮ·ˡ
Ҫ˵Ǽ⣬ôһʦǿ϶˽ܣҲǸġ
˭뵽Ǹ˸ʦµס
˼﹫˾ӪƲˣôаƭҵǮ
һ뵽ԵĸƢʹˡ
ǼҸǸ˹ϵͦõģҲһֱ塣
˭뵽Ȼôˡ
ֻҪһ
ҲΪ⣬쳳ܡ
ԶסУ߶ˡ
ԲסУΪסϰôªĻ
ҲһأҲס
ǲǶ㵽ѧУȥסǸͲٲԼ
裬ҲڲϵѰʦУ˼ûʲôá
ǰͷ˵ĺúõģ֤أϻһ״
ɰҸҲˡ
żȻĴʦûãԼȥҡ
ʶһ


52 
׾ƾ, Իʱ򣬻˲ٵ档
Ȼ˼Ķ˼
֮ã۳, С, СҶ˼˱˳յܹȥҪ׾ƾƸϡ
׾ƾҡҡͷ, ָָ̫, 컹, ܳȥױ˷֡
찵֮ȥ͡
СҶ˹ɵصͷ, ۰Ͱ͵ؿϵ̫
׾ƾƼˣ΢, СԴó
˶þҪ¿ˣҲüŬˡ
¿͵һҪˡ
ʱ, ְְ׸ųͷˣ˲ϵĺ͵ĺ˼ڰ׾ƾˮ, ֻû̹
׸һȰؿԼұŮȻüͷ˵˽ϵļš
ҵ˵, Ƕӷųˡһ˺ôһܣҪ֡ҿ峤·ġ
˵ʱ, ׸̲סҡͷ, ̫, С򳤱ģ, Ϊ˶ס
ʱҲմ˰׸˵ģü΢£̲סǵ֮ǰҸƾ˵ģԴӸųöĳ˺úýѵѵһ٣֪ʹźøа
ǲ֪ܲ˳ȥ
׸Ҳ֪֮ǰ׾ƾƸǸ⣬ֻǺʱ򣬰׸ڣҲ˸һ£էһô˵׸һ㶡
ô£Ҫǵʱʲộֵͷϣֵƾ˿ô죿
׸ԼϱĿɲף˼Ҿһӣıָպڿɲ鷳
Լôһ˵Ҳ飬Ҳ˵ͺˡߵʱüģΪû뵽ô죬ôˡ
׾ƾƴ϶˵ĶԻǷİɣǼ鷳ġȻĲã˻ǽģڵŴȡ֡Ҫǰ˵ˣԲ⡣
׸ԼһŮ˵Щʲôı£˻ȥֻǵҪû¾УһµʱҪż
´ξƾʱҪǰ˵һãܹǲȫġ
õĺõģ֪˰ְ֡
׸һüͷģͷϵ·ҲԽԡ
Ȼڵš
ĥһˣôƾҲǮĻﻹͳ
׾ƾ΢΢̾Ҫæ黹̫ˣȻĻҲᵽڶıֻôһ
ʱ򣬸ڵȴֻʧ˹ţƾƾƾƣˣˡ
ͷңɫףͫвĿ־֮ɫЬӶܵһֻԿɼʱ˿ĵĻ벻
׾ƾƼˣд֪˼ˡ
æӭȥ̣ȲҪǲˣ
ۿ͵ĵͷԶԶԣ˵û˼ˣĳˡ
ץŰ׾ƾƵֻ첲ʶð׾ƾƵü΢΢һ¡
ղŴ绰˵ͳˣһӵȫˣмѹڳ¶û˶
˵ʱ̻¶ʼ
ôúõĴͳôأ˶̲סһ
׾ƾһûУоȻ𣿡
̲ΡΡˣˣȻҲˣ˼ϵҵʱ򣬾Ȼˡ
Ҳǻ侲ˣŸҴĵ绰
׾ƾظǱãȻ侲ĵ绰˵ûʲô󰭡˵ˣҸķ϶Ҳûгʲô¡
ۿˮǶʣƾư̫лл
˼˵෭ģŵǸŮѹţ첲ѹˣȴúõġ϶ǻĹ͡
ޱӲǱ˼ȻĻȫû취ԼŮ˸첲δ֪ӡ
ⲻǹĸ׵
˼ģ
׸æʵҿֳȥ
̸лֵúúã̫ллˡ
ܹһΪ˸л׾ƾƣҲΪð׸һ̣ΪϹȥˣû
ӲڼҲ߲
ĵĿȥعͷԼŮ£ǰȥԼŮСҿ㷢˲ԡ
ȻĻŸڴСĹŮҪǳµĻ˵̣Խܡ
׾ƾסĸ첲ǵػ˻ΣҲõӵ飬˵Ա϶ǿԵġ
Ҳ̲ס˵ͷԺŮκξûκε塣
Ůı¿ɴĺܣŻй֮޲
ӦҪŮ
˼ߣҽԱ˳һԵ̨ϣǰ˰ҰޣѪӣ˻㱵
û뵽ͳᷭ
ΪӴӳվҪСʱĳ̣˼ʹ˶׼һ·Ӱĥʱ䡣
УżȻǰ˿Ͳͣشߴ˾˵Ǹ϶Ҫˣ˾һЩ
˼û⣬²һ
ͳվҪʱֲǲ֪ûʱ˾ʲôã
˭Ҳû뵽ǰ˵·ʪټ˾˿ʹߵķģһ٣תʱɲûɲסֱӶˡ
һ˲ת˼ûܷӦ;ߵĻŵ
綼ˣʶ΢ʱŷԼλ²
ҵֻֽŶͷЩˣλûʲô󰭡
·߷ֲԵ·ǸϽִ˾Ȼ绰˺һǾ
˼ΪҶһûʲô飬ȴˣΪûʲô˵ˡ
ǸŮ첲ѹˣѪģѾȥ
֮ǰһֱ˾˾Ǹ˿ͣΪûλϣʱֱӱ˦˳ȥǶһһ̲Ѫ
˼Ҷ࿴һۡ
ɫףҽԱһ˵ûʲô⣬һҽԺʱŻֻ豨˸ƽ
ֻı˻Ҫ
ҵǻܴ绰͹ˡ
绰һͨ˼৵һ¾͵ˡ
еĻ̿֡й˳
й֮ųԭصĵ
ǰ˼˼ӣǱԼĿڴ
ȴûŻ
һæȥңȴһֵĻҡ
⡭
ǻ˻ң
Ϊ
˵׾ƾصĴУ
˼ֿЦǴң֡
һǶһҽԺһͬ顣
ƣŵöЩʧˡ


53 
, ˼ҽԺġ
̵һ˲䣬˼໴ޣʵǸղž̫ڿ, ڼԼװ, ܲ޵
ҪǣղʿС˵쳵, ˵, ˵߰˸, ġ
һЩʱ˼ͺ󱳷, ˺̫£̫ˣQAQ, ôôͻȻ
֪а׾ƾƸĻģҲȱ첲ȵһ
Ϊ˼ᣬûʲô, ټҽԺͻȻ֮ô˻ѹشҽûʲô֮, һӾͱʾԳԺˡ
չ˾һҲؾ˹ˣ˼ȷҪ⳥Ľ֮, ʾڻǮп֮˼͸˾˼٣׼ڼϢȥϰࡣ
ľҲûѹե˵Ǹز, ֪˼ǳ˳, Ի첡, ˵ǽ˼ܳ
ȥ·, ˼Ű׸Ҳǧл˭а׾ƾڲڣǰֻа׸ء
ֻǽԼ޷йĸмȫע˰׸ϡ
׸Ҳǲ֪ŮΪ˼˻
Ҫæû˵ϼ
ҲҽԺʶЩ˿͵Ĳأ׸ԼŮı²˽һ˽⡣
ŻҪ
ѵǴ˵еʤ
ѹԼŮǼôг񣬰ٷְȷ費鷳ֻΪԼԲôƶ
ҲΪˣ԰׸ԼŮҲԽŷ
ŵ綯ֳصӣ׼ؼҵĴڼ˼ϡϰ˿ʱ̲ס˼裬˼ôǻع˾ϰȥ𣿡
˼Сشؼңǿ֪һҸʱ˼ֲŰͳ⣬ôת۾һޱȵӻˡ
ˣ̵˵ǿˣµظ˵˽˼顣
һһէ۾ɵϴ˼˵𷭳֮Щ˿͵Ĳأһͺۼһҡͷ̾꣬Ǿϧͬʱ־ð׾ƾƿ͡
Ȼˣ
ҪĻȻôЧôһ¹֮У˼ȫֻǶͷֽЩˣ˱㲻ʲô
ŴȵǿɲٿǮأٿǮôһش¹ʣŮˣ˵ֵֵƾ˵ҪǧǮҲǷַӾͻͳġ
ǳ˲ˣûľŮŵǸ˿͸첲ˡٿǮҲֵ̫ˣ
˷׷׵ͷǣֵܲôҶҪʰ׾ƾһŻˡ
⻤Ҳ̫Чˣ
ʰ׸ڻ飬׸ҲʾЩҲϾֲͽܣûǸ츳ȻɶҲ
ҪҪĻȥŮ
ŮҪȥѧУˣҪҵĻøϽ
ˣʾȥҰ׾ƾơ
˼ǸŰ׸ص˰׼ңһ׾ƾƣ˼͸мֵӮȥлĺûһͣ
ھֵرʾԼòĻ
Ŀ˵žž졣
׾ƾưο֮ǰûϵ˾ͳɡһǹȥˣպҪٵġ
˼˿ĶͷֱۻʹֻԱ˵ѾõĽˡ
˼Ǻ׾ƾƼȻ㵽£㵽ͳ
׾ƾҡҡͷҲɣÿʱÿ붼ָᷢ⣬¼Ҳÿ鶼֪һ
ֻڼǱˣЩԵʱҲѡ
ǰ׾ƾƣҲû̶ֳܹ﷢顣
ң䷨Ҳô
ͬǰǰ֣䶯ܹ㵽һ
Ȼ飬Ǽ˼Ļ׾ƾ֪
˼û϶ʲô׾ƾƵĻظҲǷġ
׾ƾǴͳµĻҲͽųˣôֻһŻأ
ǧллͳһǮҪ׾ƾơ
׾ƾȻˣǮѾˣȻǲҪ
׾ƾƲգȻǲģŵʱһЩ͵׼ңǼҵ⡣
˼ܿڴﴫ˸飬ȻȻʹ˴βĶС
֪׾ƾǻȻ˼٣Ȼ˲ô˵ģǶ˵ɲ
Ҫûа׾ƾƵѸǻ˼ڲICUѾһգһţûϢ
ԽŰ׾ƾ˵ûд
ǲĶӣֻ취ˡ
հӷſˣӭͷһٳҪɼܡ
ҪǮ
ȻǲϣһȰҪٶġ
ٶȥ´ζĳҪĻٹܡ
Ǳ֣Ƕ˽ţٹܡ
ȥ࣬һܣҪţҪִ
һٶ͸ˡ
Ҳþ㲻׾ƾƵĻţҲûκε塣
ΪĶȥ
ΪΪãֻɣֻĸ׵ľĵˡ
ˣӴҡڵ߳ţһߵӣȴȴƽ
ȵĽ벻ƺӵĴʧĸɸɾ
ıӰ֪һӻεεرǿѹǱֵĽűȡ
ܸҪһЩѵܹ
ԼҲˣܲӶˡ
һβܰĻӾˣȥˣӾͳûˣʲôʱͻڶĳ⡣
ȱ첲ȱм˺ú÷ʡʡ˵׼ԺܹһЩӡ
˵ΪĵĶӣҲǸ̫ࡣ
ֻ˵ǿ¸ĸġ
ϰ׾ƾƳ˷˲ٿˡ
ȫġ
׾ƾȸ˵ˣٿǮһţܲۡ
ǮҪԶŴ򹤵ЩǾҪ
Ȼ500ͦģԼСҪ
вǸģϾСණļ۸ͱ˺ܶ࣬ϾҪ׾ƾƶپ͹ˡ
һϹĺð׸ĿɿڴǮҲ̫׬˰ɡ
ĳЩ뷨ĴǼҲֹĺܡ
ֻҪһ뵽׾ƾƵ췢飬Ȼǲ˵ʲôỰ
˼׬ôǮǿһëò


54 
׾ƾЩǮ, Ȼתͷȫϡ
Ȼǲգⶼǰ׾ƾƾԼ׬Ǯô¡
˵, ֮ǰ׾ƾ׬Ǯ, ǶҪúô, ׬ȻҲǲҪ
׾ƾȴǱʾǮպÿյ
Ҫʵʱ, ͷǮûܵ, ȻĻյҲˡ
˵յ, Ȼͬ⣬ϾǿɲԼıŮ
, ԼķȻǲҪģзȾͿˡ
׾ƾһͰǵ˼Ǯ˻ȥתͷصVת˸֮ǰǼϰ塣
׾ƾ˱ʵ֮, мϰVŵģϾвٶҪð졣
˵ϵʽӵ̫δˡ
ϰ嶨̨Ŀյй˵ڶŰװ֮, ׾ƾѾȲҪŰµСҶˣȥ, ͵
ȥ֮⣬Ҫҵ˷ټ
СҶ˹ɵصͷַӴӴķ϶뿪, ʧڰ׾ƾƵ֮С
һ, ŴʦĹĻ, ˺üϢ, ѯʴʦݵǶ٣
֪֪׾ƾ˵͵ǿ϶͵ԹرʾʦдʦİţžС
ⲻǻ۳Ŷˡ
ĻпŰ
֮ʣȻһ졣
һ㶣ΪĴԸû⡣
ֱӶ𣬲ҷ·ȥͲݵļƣҲЩԡ
ֻ˹ȥڴ̽ͷ̽Եؿ˺һûƳʲôƫƫʱôһεԸһ
Ӷŵˣ͹ܹؿΪ־Ѫܡ
ԸղڴԵʱ򣬷ûпκζƫƫôȴ
òйɣ
ͱҹǹĹѹŵðͻȻ״˵ֻ뱧סԼСԼĴڡ
ⲻǻûʱôôˣ
ᣬȲţʱ׼ܵʱֻһֻʶڿз˼ȦȻ°䵽ϡ
һǴʦϢʾ
ԣ
ʲô
ʦǳǧҴǶܿ
Ȼǲֻ֪ǰ׾ƾƷϢ˵һȻҪﵽ˼
˿ȻǴʦҪģȻʲô
Ļˡ
Ψһܹ뵽ġ
Сش˴׼̽ͷ̽Բ鿴һͿݵĶȴڴƼһͷСҶˣСҶ˳üɰԲͷԲԣ֫޳˼ǣԴǸλȻ˻۾Ӹ͡
ȥֵġ
ȻֲϣĶ
ǵûһͬһ֫һ

Աŵû궼Ҫɳȥˣͷðɤ񣬵ࡣ
ͷĿѣ˫ȸϥǶ̲ס


СҶЩؿһ˵ļԭʬԣǰ·һ
·һû˵ز
СҶ˱ֵػλͷȻԼϵСӸȡŵԵϡ
ȻСԴתֽŲãͼЩʲô
ԷߵĻ㵸ַ֮˻ϸһ򣬷ֶԷû˺ͼ
Ͷġ
һ߳СҶˣһСȥøϵСӡ
СҶ˲ûΪȥôӵľٶߣϻЩο˼ֻס
˵ôСҶ˱ƽ￴ο֡
֮𿪴֮淢۳εķ
ԻȻСҶѿڶǴʦͻģ
СҶ˵ͷԷѾõƨɣ˵˳Ŵݵһ»ؼң׼ȥ׾ƾƻ㱨Լˡ
ȵȡ
ԻûüЩʲôСҶ˷ַӾʧǰֻͷϵŻ
ǻ˳˼ǴʦרԱ
Ҳ٣Ҳ̫ţ˰ɡ
ź֪
һܹҶƬƳɵСͬһ㣬ܸͶѵѧС˵д
Կŷ¶ŨŨĿϲ֮⣬ʦԽʹԽãǶܵþˡ
ϲԼ˵ʣµķͳ嵽ķ䡣
ĸָճһܣպء
Գȥʱϵŭûء
裬ţһҪŵ˯
յĶһͷʹؿԣŪģ
ѾνĴʦڵͷʹѣҲ֪˶ĸǷꡣ
ԭȾͲЩ⣬Щ⡣
ԲŻỨؽһʦڼϣ˾ܹս𣬲Դ
˭뵽ʦǸƭӣڼ˷֮󣬷Խļͥ
ҹجΣǹѹѵʱܸоڵķ˫۾ض⣬˲
ĸڵ˯ã˯š
Խı
β룬һֱҲͬĴʦ⡣
ûһá
͸ĸڻԩǮ
ⲻղžΪֳһܡ
ڵãϸſѧĶӶ⽨ˡ
ĸܸ˲Źء
裬϶ãԷǸʦһġǴʦţƵСҶ䵱ݣˡ
³ؽͣȻĸȥ
ʲôԷʲôСҶˣѧֶ·ȥˡ
Է֮ǰûᡣ
Ͼ֮ǰֹһҪǱ֪ͱʦǱߣ϶ûùӳԡ
һֱԹԱ졣
ҪΪ֪ãҲᡣ
ˣҲš
޷ֻó󷨣ʾ⣬ΪӰģҲ鷳ڶҪȡ
̬һͰ͵۾ǣһޱȵӣԭҪĸҲˡ
ʲôأֻĥĸĸ˯þѡ
Զ˾ǲνĻҲ˳˼ŵ˶ʾϿ϶˯ġ
Լ˿Цеظ֮󣬾̵ػطȥˣŽϿ϶ܹ˯þ
ĸȴǲôãڴֻ۾Ҫȴ˯
جҹѻҪš
ǿס賿ʱվǺ˯˹ȥ


55 
ĸĿ֧, Ǳ߿˵ǵͷ˯
ʱҲĲУ͸ˣ׾ƾƵһͺʲô鵤ҩ, ˲˯Ϯ, ûôֻʹŹǷֱ˯ȥˡ
˯ȥʱ, ָ˯µĿڴ, ǻ֮, øӰˡ
ܿ죬ʱһһعȥ, ճجεʱ䡣
ȻһηǵûجϮ෴, ȫʻ⣬ԼСԭϷرϷˣ˵Ц
ڰ֮Уһ˫ճĺɫ۾ضԿ, ԷȻЦ£죬۾ǲףƮ˹ȥ, ͬɢ, جΣȻѹԵϣȴֵؼС
, ûѹȥ, Եϲ֪ʲô, ֻһ˵ʹϮ, ̲סг˺ü
˳ȥ֮±ƵؿԼѾ͸ĸ첲¶˾顣
ô£
һϴʲô
ҶܳԵķ䣬뿪вʡ
Ǳĸķ䣬ȴȻڿֻˢƵ֮죬ͷۡ
йҲǸˣͶſڵţϨƣ˯
ò׵ȵ˶סˣһ磬й¶սթЦƮǵķ䣬׼ͬǰǣղűǶشĳ
һٴαϵĲ֪С
йԷǰ֮Ҳǳľ裬˭뵽ûء
Եʱ򣬾Ҫȥһƽͺ۾һ㣬ôڣܳɹػ
ԭѾ͸ĸ첲شֱ֮ɢ
һֻ첲ҲŴ᲻ɣʵĪش
й֣ԹƵϵԽŨҪݵزȥϵղ˵壬ֳֻͬķӿһͻɢȥһεش
й
գ
˴ĸʦǿķ
й˼ôãǵһôķ
ڶؾˡ
ҪýʤҷҺ͵鷳
Һ˭ȻǸν˺ѣ˽ʤʦʶ
ʵ˵ʤҲͼûֻǸóûĵطֹȻټװ֣շɵ˰򣬶һκεķո鷳
йǴʦİ֡
Һͽʤʶʱ򣬸ʤ˵Ǯͷ򣬿ס
ԵһΡʤ˶Է̽̽ס
û뵽ԷˬĺܣҾ۲죬ķӻĹ˾ѡַǳԴ졣
ҲʹŽʤֻܸһξ²ˡ
Ҫġ
ǣйϣȥһڣǻŵæʦȻܹ˰
ңܿһ²ˣƴضء
˭뵽Һؼʱ̱Էֹ˾ƲҪǣַⷢҺ͸֮Ľס
ʹȻŭͲǵĽִͣҪһҪǰǮ
ҺĻʲôǮȻǻؾ·
ʤȻҲܻὫԼͷȥ³
֪ȶ˵ٶ࣬Էӡǵȵס
ԽʤɴֵµйɧҼ죬ۿͷöѰҸֲͬĴʦѰ
ЩʲôνĴʦǰӹеǿɹƭģܽ˲й
ԽʤԽˣŵǵľ״̬һ̶ȣ񾭱Ҫҵʱĳ־ͬһ㣬ŷ
ʱС
ȽˣʱйֳһʲôⲻַַӰ
ټʶģǲǮˣʱȥǮ˵ͨûϲҴʦˮ
ЩǮľڴ
ʦķǳҴͻţһ
û뵽Ǹйȴǲֻʵػޱȣһֻ첲ʧˡ
ʤŵؿǱйô˭㣿
йڲ֪ʲôʦȻôϿܷ˷һûͱĽУˡ
ʤ
ѿڶôܣʲôķܴܳ⣿²ǿˣ
ôãû˭ҵķܹţƵ̶ֳȡ
нɢķǿǼƷ
ּƷǰѾ伣㣬Ǻѻʵķ
ҪַĳҲЩϡ
һŷֵֹ
ܽʶô
⼸ţԷȥЩֻè򣬴νʦƵĴڣԶй˵ķŵġ
йڽʤôãЩȻҲĺܣŰٷְȷԼûп
ǽ⣡ûƭ㣡
ԷʱУԲûע⵽ĸʱΪǰ֮ԿʱҲǳСģǽʱ
Ҫ˵ʹҪĸʱ緢Ľ⣬û۾Ϲ
йĵĻʤ˳˼ǽ첢ûʲôνĴʦŰ
йԼָ˵ĸ첲ԹҺһ֪ѣʲôȻ
˰ҺǲܷŹǵġ
ʤŰейҲʹĺܣйôַǳãĴҶǿйġ
ңʤҲˣй첲ɢζЩ΢͸
ϵڲϵǱʲôһ㡣
ʧɫϽǰ鿴ʲôĵ
й˫۶ҪγѪȽʤҪطһ⡣
Щƺһã͸֮󣬲дڲʳʹ޷ʵȥҪû뵽취ɢ
ʤû뵽ƽƽйȥҵһҹȻᷢıʡ
ܹйҲֻΪңûǸٸڶֻй
ͬҲûǸܹй⡣
йŻȥҷҺ͡
зйˣֶԽʤʹžͱץˣܹн̸˵ľֻзҺˡ
ɷҺ˰ǰֵʤһǮ·ˡ
Ц·ѵծ׷
ʤϽһԣҺ͵λ֮йúϢԼ͸˹ȥ
йƽʱͼľԼλ֮Уʤ뿪֮ƮλУֻϣܹʹࡣ
л˵


56 
һϵӶ, Իһ룬ۡ
ֻһƲͷԺʱͻȻͬ˼Ѫһ, ݵһ, һ
죡ϺûجΣ
ϸ룬ûج, һ˯˴
ָо̫, ڶЩ
⻤ȻЧ
ͶҪЦ, Ͻ˯ͳǻ, һڣȴ۳εķɰƺǳһЩ
, Ĵ
̲ס۾ֵصһʺȻɴ۾ȥȷʵǳ˲١
ʲôԭ
ͷ, ֵǲԼǴˣǸϽƨߵߵķ䣬˵Ϳ˽ȥ
軹˯֮, ԵĴɤžѵʱʮ㡣
˿ɶ˸, һͱ˴ϣɲͽ
裬ǸϽǵĻǲǸһ, ɰɫ˺öࣿ
ʲô
һüͷ, ϵ˵
žһ, Ƶ, 裬ѵûзǶûج𣿶Ҳûйѹĸоûпһ˫µ۾Լ
ôһ֪ô¡
ǺûجΣҲûбѹûаҹѵʱһ˫Ѫɫ۾ſ
Ҳ٣ôЧ
ͬʱ˯¶ͻľͺʲôϡ䱦һ㡣
ȻԱ㾪ȵطϵķȻĻҪǳ
裬ûзǵĻҵĵˣ
˵˷ע⣬ϸ۲һ·󣬷ֺȷʵˡ
ȻûôעõʱɰּǷǳ޵ģھͺ񾭹ˮĳˢݣǳޱȡ
ٹվͻʧøɸɾһ㡣
˶Щţô£
ѵбڲɣ
ӣϽ⵽ʲô
ҲǻŵһƣϽóֻʱͿѧУֻѾǹػͲ֪߷ʲô
ȥϢȻû˻ظ
ĺܼɴֱӶӵֻͨȥҲû˽ӡ
ԸϽ֣𼱣ӦǴʦæƽʱǿϢ֮ϲŻظģҹϿܾϢˡ
ĸļģܵȵõϰ
ϵ𣿡
óԼֻ԰Ѻ뱨ԹԹûã۴ٸ绰ǱԶǴڹػ״̬
ˡ
ǺԿǰǳĺۼͻȻ뵽ۼʦ֮ǰĲдƷԷ
ǸԷù֮ҲۼǳʧȥЧġ
ڻֽԷȻۼûɢù֮󣬺õŷĸоһˡ
ͷϷۼǲǴŷǲдƷ
̲סһӵԴԱĶȦˣͷһԹ֣ʲôӶɵˡ
ɸ֣ӣҴҲɵġ
ԾǼ˵ʲôãɫŻǳȥôܻǲдƷ
ǧܸʦô˵һǴʦˣʱ򲻹ǼˣǾ鷳ˡ
ֻɰͰ͵ȣŵӦһ̲ס˵Ҳû
۾ɵͭ壬ָԶĸ㿴ɵӣһ㶼û̳ҵĴǣ϶ûجΣҷͳһǳˣ֤˷𣿡
ѵ㻹ûͨ˵ˣǸдƷ룬ֵܹķԱ֮ǰдƷڴʦпǲдƷоͿǼƷ
Աֽѵһһ㶵ģûмֵ
ҲǣֺҵЩʦʲôöûУٿǮŷء
һٿǮ;ѵǴ˵еɵɵϽӽʦǺôύϵģ
͵ɪˣһһ֮ʵʵذԼʦԵ˵˳
ô飬Ҳôɲܸʦ˵ʦ˵Ƿ⽨ţǸʱ˵ĻթƭŵҰǹֱӸʦϵ
ͷһ˼
ֵֹܾġ
˵ĴʦûҲǼʮǮһŵԷ
ҾȫУѧÿ˶ҲǼǮѡ
ԱؽĴʦǾţһë
ԴʦʲôȺãǸͲںǮֻϲԼ
ѹ⻤ֻٿˡ
ҵĴʦһŷǼǧ𣬸Ҫ˵ãʦ׽ѵķá
ʶʦǾʵݣǿ
İλʦһҪ뵽֡
ӣϽʦϵһ¿ʦ׽ҪǮϣʦܹڳʱǰš
Ըæͷ֪ˣְ֡ȥϿˡ
ȥȥɡ
ԻŵʰͶûԾֱѧУǻǳٵˡ
ʦüͷֱԵϣѻſʾˣڼչԲŻٵһʦԴ绰ְȷϡ
ʦɲô绰ȷϡ
һ绰ȥ־Ȼôһ¡
ȻƭˣʦȻǰڰ־ȥϿˡ
ڿԵʱ̲סССؼһ£֪ԷϹô
òװ¿Σ͸һݵһ·˹ȥﰵԵ
ԸҲڷմʦʲôʱܹϢ⣬Щȣô֪Ҽҷ飿
ʾʦͦģʱ˳ھᵽ¡
Ҳû֣ϾʦϵʽģϵĻҲ
뵽Ե۾ϵǲźð
Ҳʦ
ϽûϵʽʦҪǮʲôʱпܹҼһˡ
̲ס֪϶ܲȥ
ԥԱʾԼĺҪʦʱŵͷ˵Ըһʣǲ֤Էܹʱظ
ܰԾ͸ˣĻǿô࣬ǸϽͷ
ǳϵǣ˵ûãڶ ¿ʱյԴʦĶš
ԣ
ùϵĺбҪ


57 
һĬĬظлĸ, һҪùϵһ͵͵ؽ쵽£鱾ڻ, ظϢ
ʦûеһʱظʦʲôʱʱ, Ϸʲôϸ˵
Դֵֶ˲Ӱ, 췢һһʮ˵˳, ɫǳ
Ȼϰϲؽһ, Ի̲סʳ, ΪʲôǰǸֽԷһɰɫ䵭أ
ɲ֪Ϊʲô, Ͻư׾ƾƣ͵͵ָָֻ
Ϊʲôѽƾƣ֮ǰ˵ΪǰֽǻƷԭʹùͻʧɫǸѵ㲻ûƷ𣿡
׾ƾƽ͵, Ϊַʲһ֮ǰԷͨڰֽ, Ȼ΢ûɰֽϾס, ȻȻɢ
лֽɰӳ֣ԷЧʱˡֻҲ࣬ԲÿʹõġҪÿʹ, Ͳλˡ
˵ǻ, źͬһ, ĻϵĶһ, Źԡ
ֻǼ򵥵ķĻôɰ䵭ΪŹãÿһι֣ͻɢ֣ɰҲ֮䵭ʵҲҸ˵һСƣÿͻֱ۵ظܵá
Щ£ֻ۾ɵôģȥмϲС
ҲˣͰԼĸԡ
Ϊ˹⻤ǹ˹֣赲֣ɫŻǳʦ˵ˣһ커ȻΪ˻ҽǾʹŷ׵ûáڵĻɫǳ˵üΡ
üΣͿǹǵĴˡ
ң
֮󣬻ֺ̿£Ͻ׷ʣǴʦʲôʱпҼһˣҪٱ궼ûйϵҪǰǹˡ
ֲµĹȻûдıɫȻǸǸйء
հ׾ƾƵ˼ظտԹȥֽϵķɫ䵭ŻɫбǳǾ˵˹³϶ң⼸ǲõĻ¡
ĵĻڶһ·ɫûб仯Ǿ֤ҹǹûй
б仯Ǿ֤ڶιˣ£ǹӦò벻ǵΡ
׾ƾƶԼķ൱ģһСôɵôû۵رΣ궼ιˡ
Ըл֣ڿʦ۲ʮİ¡
Ͼ֮ǰǴʦķֹ
ȻϢֶ֣˵ʹ˸绰ŵ͸ˡ
ϰ֣ڽңҪҵֻû𣿷ʦ˼ںܰȫǷǵιֵĹԲ¡ҪǴʦվ׽ˣ㲻Ҫ
ԼҶӴϢǺ޲ԼһӴȥ
tmdܲ
ʱ򣬰׾ƾȥ˰칫ңõ˰ȸп
ƾưпѧУĽ֮⣬Ľȫˡ
׾ƾЦеؽӹС֣ˡ
ٽϣú¿ʦܹӳɫı֡
Ŷˣ¿֮ʡﻹмžҪμ𣿡
׾ƾĵһ仰ǣн𣿡
һЦǱȻеġʡĽɱҪöࡣ
Ҳμӡ
ջжʮˣǰ׾ƾƾ׬Ǯ׬Ǿ̫˾ÿϧˡ
Ҳ֪զ£֮󣬾͸ϲ׬Ǯ
ҲΪոսʱ򣬼ƶ״̬°ɡ
׾ƾƸ˵껰֮׼뿪߳칫ҵʱĻ
첻ĻϵĺƺŨ˼֡
׾ƾƲԾͣ˽ŲͼĻߵǰεǰڳ˺һȴôҲҪĻп
ôͲأǵþͷѽ
ĻİμĶЩͷ֣ټȣĽ꣬ͷϵĺǻĲ
Ļ򴽣ֲ̫õԤУʦǲпˣ
ΰؿһۣ˵ģʦ϶ҵġ⿨ҶͳһһѧһѧģԲܶ
ղҺƼˣٵȵȣҺܿͻҵġ
ĻĬվһԣʵЩпҲˡ
μӾô꣬鷢Ҳ١
һпҲһп϶Īˡ
ĻʵҲûб̫ϣ
ֻڻǸѧûʲô룬ΨһԴǲμӸ־
ʱա
ΪɼУǼǵ˵пҲᶪ
֮ʦǳھλŲ
Ļܾˡ
Ϊ֪ⲻΪʦĹΪùֿʼˡ
ĻеϲΪһʧĸɸɾ
ԭΪ⼸ѧУ·϶ûʲô֮ԼǷ̩ˣƺˡ
ĻΪԼһҪصϼεĸޣҴʦҵʱȴһ΢ЩϤĶ𣬡ʦ㿴ǲǼǸ̰ˣ
Ļʶ̧ͷƼ׾ƾվǶ΢Ц޳ָָϵһ̰
˵̰
̧׳ĸ첲˲ϵĺ̫ϣڽ̰﷭˼£һ룬һпİһ¾͵˳
θϽϲֵؽĻѽҲû뵽ȻǼڽ̰ˡ
͵һԼȣˣ̰ԭǷģղŸһѧ˵Ļ˳־ͳˣû뵽пˡ
ĻֽӹУʶУ׾ƾƣЩİ
Ǵ
ܸо׾ƾƳܻ֮תΣΪù鶼ʧĸɸɾ
׾ƾƶĻ΢˼۾΢΢һЦϿˡ
Ļͷ׾ƾƲ˳ȥ
׾ƾƳע⣬˳˸ԼĻڡ
צֵĺͱʰطٳҡײС
Ļȴǲʲôһ㣬ŤͷԼߵİ׾ƾơ
׾ƾСĻĿ⣬һüƺΪʲô
ûʲôȻĻջĿ⣬еп˼תǧء
Ȼ뵽Լһûгô⣬ƺ׾ƾ֮
ⰴճӦ÷ǰ׾ƾƵĳƺˡ
ԣԼĸ
˵һҲֻѡ


58 
Ļص༶ʱ, ǡҲͬѧһİ׾ƾƾȻл
׾ƾ˭ѽ
ǿһڵķ
ƯѧϰɼֺãҪ, ¸ѧУľѡ, Ҳа׾ƾƵһϯ֮ء
ԶԷôĻϵϣ
ȻĻһȷʵǳòù˲, ˶ûʲô³, ǲԼϵĻ༶Ů, ĻǿɽһΡ
ҪǰĻ˰ǰͱŮӵΧˡ
ϵѧܺ, û˸ȥĻʲô˽°һ
滹һͬѧ
һͬѧԴһ±, ΪҲ֪ʲô
׾ƾƿɲ֪ⷢʲô飬һѧϰо⣬ϰ, Ͼûôѹ֮Ҳ˳ԣʱ罻
ȥ֮⣬ͬѧֻҪ, ׾ƾƶذǽһʱ֮, ڰ༶ǣ
оͻȻ֮ĴȾͱ˱һ
Ҷ¹ҲֵˣͺԼֵĴ󱦱, Ȼ֮䱻˶Ƽˡ
ʵеѹ
ӾڴҵŬѧϰжȹ, ֱ׾ƾһѧУϿ, Ȼͬѧһʦ顣
˵ֻϵȺҪըˣ˭뵽һǸʦȻô, Ȼѧ
ǣǶΪǸ¥ѧΪҳָѹ¥ģû뵽ȻΪǸʦ
ʵ˵ҳҲĲԵĵط뿴Ǹѧϰѹʹ¹޵ʦŹأ
ɲǸѧ̫ˣ˵ĳɼܺõġ
ԵĶԵģɼǲǾĳɼȻ⣬ҵģҪĳɼҰ趼Ҫոˡ
벻ЩҳΪʲôǰѹѹΪѧѾˣҪеЩеûģˡ

ƾƣ˵𣿡
Ҷ¹˴׾ƾƵıЩƣû뵽ϴξʱ˵ǸͬѧȻʦˡ
̫ˣǸ˻ô䵱ʦ
׾ƾһ֪Ļ֮ûʲôȸУֻżȻͨ涼Ѿô³ĬӦǿҪˡ
οҶ¹һеļҳ䵱ҳеʦ䵱ʦǸͬѧ뿪ϢĻúܿء
ڰ׾ƾƿ³ĬûɢΪԼûˣвʣֻǾʦͬѧ˵ҲһҪ׾ƾƽǸʦץסΪ𣬸Ϊػͬѧ
ڰ׾ƾƿ³Ĭһǳˡ
עҪٰܰĥͶ̥һµļͥ³ɳ
Ҷ¹̾˿ҲɣҵĻҲһֽѡôãѹôҲúûȥ˷СġϾ˭֪ʮһܲ±һúء
׾ƾҲЦЦǵģûɹȻҪϧ
Ŀγ̽󣬰׾ƾƺܿ͸Ӧڳ³ĬĨϢεѧУ
ֻø˵һʾ飬ȥ˳³Ĭ
ѧУ԰ļɽҵġ
³ĬڼɽӰС̶ۿԶǳ⣬֪Щʲô
׾ƾƵʱЩĵػӻԼС첲׾ƾͬѧþòûдŵ㣿
׾ƾҡҡͷ֣ó³Ĭ֮С
ʱ򣬰׾ƾ¿ڴеСҶ̽Դִֻڿڴԣһ˷ܵؿ³Ĭ
СҶ˵ʱ򣬳³ĬҲͦϲģ˸кСҶ˻λԣͬҲЩϲ
Ȼ֪³ĬǸʲôǳ³ĬĿǰΪֹΨһһͬ࣬Ȼˡ
СҶ˵ʶȫڰ׾ƾƣ׾ƾ˵ʲôʲôԼ֮ǰʶ³Ĭ֪³ĬֻҶƬ֮ѣбʵĲͬ
³ĬѾ׼𣿡
׾ƾ뿪֮ǰ͸³Ĭ˵һܾתͶ̥ʱˡ
԰׾ƾ㹻ʱ䣬ȥԼ£ȥԼ뿴ˣȥǸ
³ĬͷСҶһǰ׾ƾȴϿЩ֮ɫǵģ׾ƾͬѧѾ׼ˣ鷳ȥɡ
˵֮󣬳³Ĭ⻰Щ˼ûԼ˵Ļ
ú£෴Щڴ
ѾܷҲûǣҡ
ĸĸ³Ĭ˼˸У֪ĸƢԣûʲô˼
ڴԼһ
׾ƾͬѧһһ𣿡
׾ƾҡҡͷԼ㲻ġ
ҲҲᣬһһñⱲӿĿҸ
ţһġ׾ƾͬѧһرлл㣬ϧûܱЩʲôֻϣһһ㣬ʱ϶ỹ顣
׾ƾЦЦϣ߲֣߰ˣʵҲкô㲻Ҫôִŵġ
³Ĭû˵ʲôֻţϣԼܹǡⱲӵλͬѧ˺ĵذԼһܹĻһҪúþԼŬ顣
׾ƾʩ³ĬĹҶƬгȡȪ·Ĭ䣬ͳ³Ĭ뿪
³Ĭǰƺ׵·ͷŰ׾ƾҡҡ֣鰲ݶ񾲣ģͺϢˮ˺һھ;ˡ
׾ƾϣһӳ³Ĭܹúá
߳³Ĭ֮󣬰׾ƾԼڴϵСҶˣСҶԴͷڼɽϵǸͬ࣬ƺΪʲôԼСͻȻûκζˡ
СһҪһ𣿡
СҶգգС۾ЩؿŰ׾ƾƣƺ˵
׾ƾЦЦָᴥͷųһСҶ֮Уһ룬ɽϵСҶ˱ͻ첲ȣ׾ƾƵʱƺų˹⡣
۾Сľֻʵĵһ㣬ƫƫǽƳʱ˿̿׾ƾƻϲӡ
СҶ˶׾ƾȥСһСҶһżͬһλá
СҶһſɿˣ͸ԼͬƼĲֺ
׾ƾݵؿСһֻȵ˽һ˶ĵطǲֻ֣ܺװƬСҶˣشš
СҶһŶȻǹԹȰ׾ƾƽ༶ʼݣǾ͹ԹԵزڣشڿڴУҲһĿ
СҶǲҪ˯ģϲѧϰ˵ľٶ׾ƾʲôǱʲôֻ˼
ĿǰΪֹû˷ǵĴڡ


59 
׾ƾߵζ, Ͽ˵ÿڶǮˣҲһʼƴȥŬѧϰ
ڵѧϰ, ԽŲҲ, ҪԼ
У԰Ҳ÷ḻʣ, Ҷ¹֮, ŮϵĲ
Ů֮, ֮ĹϵҲԣ֮ǰϵų
Ϊ˳ʱ罻İ׾ƾƱҷĴ, ʲôŵ㶼ܱ׾ƾɵص㲦һ£Ȼ֪Լȥôˡ
ഺڵĺʱкܶã, ڴ˿ǸͲʲô£ǶЩ˵ȴǷǳҪ
ǻû취ҳʦ˵ͨȴ̲סԼͬߡ
ʱͬҲû취ӦĻشʱҪҪ˰׾ƾ, ôٷ֮ٶлȻʵĸо
һȥϵͬѧͶϲҰ׾ƾѰİæ
һʱ䣬׾ƾƷԼѧУʦλ, ˵ͦ˼ġ
Ͼǰؾ˴ͷ, ȻҲ˲ͽܣЩͽܻϲģϾյĶ츳ͽ, ˦һЩѧŲ, ûһ, ǰԼĶۻ, ˺󣬾ͿԵ˦ƹ
ͽǶɳķǳɫˣ͸Ҫ׾ƾƳָʲôˣȫɸͽܾͿˡ
˰׾ƾƻûָͬСŮһഺŵ飬Ҳһֶصɡ
ʱ򣬰༶ֿʼϾĩҲѾȲҪżٿˡ
Ȼ֪ѧԣһ޿һ䣬ͬѧǣ¿ͿҪˣҪץʱ临ϰ¿ɼÿ
ͬѧ궯ڰᵽ¿ֵʱ򣬰һ¾ͱˮˡ
̫ˣϰΪʲôҪǷżٵʱͲǿĵطһμ𣿡
ѽһſ³硣
˵ǲɶηɳݵĹż𣿡
ԶԶԣǲ磬ηͺܲԭȶ޸еģƬ֮Ҿú˧
ӴȥǶηѽ
˵ŮһʱҿƬʱȷʵòԴ֪ηˤȣԼϴ֮Ҿ޸ˣЩġ
˵ʲô
Ůһ𾪣Ϊ˲ֻȥѧУټֹܵϣֻܹĻ֮٣֪ηɵĹż绹Ϊʱ򿴵Ƭһֱŵġ
㲻֪𣿡
ŮһűҪ𾪣˰ǰʹˣٷ˿ΪѷˣҲǡ
ǰöηɳú񻹲ԴǼ֮ڿֻôôģʵû취ϴϴٸɾһӰ
˵ţŮһŴһȷûʦ֮͵͵ؽԼֻó㿪V֮ǰİŸ
ѶηɵʱͻȻֽηֳ
ǰʱˤȣΪϲʱŻɶˣҽԺӳסԺʱ䡣
û뵽סԺʱȻ˽˽֪ôĲȻ˼ͷ
ǣηҽԺճرֱ˳
һʼֱʱûֱ֪ҿηɵҷֶηƺԴ˺޲žԡ
ǸʱֱѾʼ˲ʱ䣬ҶηڲǸ˴绰Ҫ㶨·һõͷϢ˳
ѶںηɵΪʲôҪľ˸㶨·һ
·һһǺû
·һʱǿǰǳ뷽跨Яηɣκζηɲǻˡ
·һĪù˲һ·ĵʱ򣬷ǶηƵػˡ
ʱͬҲѷ־ľش·һ·һͺĺһ㣬Ҳô
ںʷˡ
·һΪһľٴλ磬Ѹٻɶηɾͺͣһ㣬Ϊϴţһǧɡ
ɲͽ˾þ˵±ơ
Ƿû·һʱ򣬶ηɾǺηɻʱ·һǺ˾ͺһһ˺һ˾ͻһ˻һ˾ͺ氡
ѽѽҲɿ666
ǣǲöη˵ǻе£ΪʲôҪĿش绰þ˸Ͻ㶨·һõͷ˵ֻѵΪһѸ˵ⲻһɸ˵ڵİɣ
Ҳ̫˰ɣ·һʱ򣬿ƴشηɣǶηԼ෴ģηɻʱ·һûôģĶЩԴʱ·һķ˿ҿǶԴ֪һηɸòǸڱЩʲôµС·һ˰ɣȦЩ߶߶Ķܶġ˵֮ǰиӰС𣿡
Բۣļٵİô𣿡
ȻǣмֵϾĺ̫Գƣ̫˾÷˼ˡηûиľ˴ͨ绰ֻֻˣ˵⻰һþõ·һͷҲòǷ롣ϾС˵ǵӾ綼ǣһЩǿͨ˵ͷָ׻ѪҺġ˭֪ηǲҲĴʦ
϶ģ϶Ƕηǣ·ãԲŻҴʦ·Īػȥ
ҵ·ȥʱҲΪʲôµŻǺϣֻΪͻȻù˲ÿβȥ黹ȥ棬ܻᷢ⣬ڽְǲ·硣͸˵ˣ
ԶԶԣһ·»ηȴĪ֮ǰ·һ˴ùѵ˵Ǵ˵е˷ɰ
Ҳ٣ôһⰡĻôηνĺ̫ˡϸ·һ֪֪ףȴͱ·һһ˭ܶס
ѽҪһװĻܺáЩ˿֪ԷһֱҪһЩû취ϵͨƸ·磬ǸʱǻΪ·ĺûѣ룬ָǻǸ꣬ûء
̫ˣϽ·һһŶη쵰

һǷ֮ŮһžӶˣϽֻøͬҲ٣㿴۵żˣĻеءѾƷˣ̫ˣ
Ůſһ±ƣֻúһʱûи˽ηɵԷôַӾͺ˷ƿ
ηֵúܴ󣬲ֹŮһŶ۰ϣ͵͵ֻͬѧҲЩ̲סǶ۷׷ס
Ͼη֮ǰϴⲨȶȾûôȥֳпʲôֶΣ·һ˵Ĵţܲ
Ҫǣǰ˶ùʦԷģԱܽܶη˵


60 
Ҳ͵͵ֻһԱ, ڿηɵϢʱ̲סԲ˼Ȼ͵͵קק׾ƾƵ·, ˵¼
ֻͨǵĻ, Ұ׾ƾƣϾ׾ƾȻû֮ǰƴȥѧϰ, ޿, дҵϰԤϰ, һ㶼˼
ֻΪηƺνѧ̲סҪһ°׾ƾ⵽Ǹʲô󷨴
׾ƾƿһֻ, ͷ, ˸˵ϴȥһвμӾʱҸɾͼ¼һ·һ

۾ɵϴ󣬸˷ܵؼг, 뵽Լڰ༶޿ΣӲֱȥֱͨ, ģƾô˵
ҵʱϲ, ֻĪؾûʲôϢϸֿʼæˣûôע⵽
˵𣿶η͵͵˴ʦʲô, ͷ, Ȼ𣿡
׾ƾĵصͷ, һ߼򵥵ظ˵һ, һ߻Ƕѧ⡣
ͬǾĿΪҪμӲúʡľ԰׾ƾؾ׼ˡ
Եûƽʦ󷨣·һ˻ֳڴڵǰڶηΪ󷨷ɣ֮ǰҪù
֮ǰײȣֳϴĳ£ڻ˽ڲ氲װ˼ⶼ˷ɵĽ
·һõĶһһػԼǰøӲҡ
׾ƾ赭дļ仰Ŀ˵־ŭϲϾȻ񶾵ˣŭ·һԶηôãηɾȻ֪ж·һϲ·һã˰׾ƾƲܹȻ
ȻĻⱲӿ¶Ʋ·һػشڵˡ
ƾƣ̫ллˡ
жҲͬ׾ƾƲǴ˵еŮ裬Ưѧϰɫ߳ߵܰЩܺȺڣȱȵ
׾ƾЦЦ׵Сȥ£лʲôҸ·һǮ壬Ҫ˵ллҲллҡ
ǲһ·һлл㣬Ϊлл㣬Ϊ·һϾ֮ǰǳϲż֮ƾܸ̫ͬˡ
ǲֹһô룬ûʶ׾ƾƣûи׾ƾͬĸĸǶôİ
ʶ׾ƾ֮󣬲Լܣζ
ƾƣη϶ʳù»ص͹ȵĶԲԣ
ϱ˵ĴǶηɷβֱй¶ĻӦԷľ˱ʾûʲôһ£ЩѵĻ룬Ǹ˽ǻȡɵֶΣȴǾڲڵ绰ĶԻ
Ķֵ²ѸһҲҪԷشڵ绰˵Ҫõ·һͷһ顣
ǶηɷװӦֻǻظ˽⡣
̲ס׾ƾƿ϶ηǲǶԺù
׾ƾƵſģûʲôģҲֻѼӲˡò·һͷ˷λʦû취ηηһ·ȥȦɱȻ顣
·һߵģȻҲ³
ˣǵЦԽԽ󣬿ĵ˹ȥ˰׾ƾƵĸ첲˲䣺ƾƣ̫ˣҾϲĽ֡
׾ƾñʸǴ˴Ķͷ˵ʵҲϲ
Ʊж񱨣Ľ˭ϲأ
ʱ򣬰׾ƾƵֻ˸Ϣ
׾ƾƴһ·һ
Է˷ܵشһλ
״ʦ˵ˣηǵù͸ˣ˭뵽Ȼ˽û뵽˽ȻĲ˼ͷһֱ֡
ηɵȫع⣬Ƕ˷ܷˡȻûаٷְٵ֤֤η˴ʦǶԼģҵҵķ˿˺üηɷ˿ѾǲĿ˵ǹ˾Ѿηˡ
ȻǶж񱨡
·һǱߴλʱ򣬿˵ˬؿڵǿɢˡ
ľһкˮϽͣƱҪλὫηֱ
·һǶη˵ʱ̲ûסõȥηɵҽԺúۣ·һסʦ˵˶ηɻбӦ˷ɣֻڸùǿ
ڿʦ˵ĹȻˣǸ˷ܣϽкˮҪη޷
׾ƾƻظĻҲͲòģᱻٴζˡСΪϣҸĻﶼҪŪ
ţİɣҶԼܶ
ʦƷĶôܹױأ
һͶ·˸֪˾ѾԼҪһ⳥ΥԼĶηѾҪˡ
ʱ䲻ϲԷ´·ССģΪʲôù鷢˭뵽ʿƳȥʱ򣬾Ȼһµ˽˲һ˼
˽вһ㣬еƵʵʱŵسȥΪȦȵ㡣
ֱֻڲճҲˣƫƫ֮ĶԻҪһҲֱ˳ȥȻ󲨡
˶ǲ˴ʦҶɵ֡
Ͼ·һͷΣҪЯĺøǣܶ˵֣Щϵһ㣬ֱȦĲģɲΣ
ȻҲǱС˼Ҫνʦϵʽ
ǹûж顣
ԭȻֳȥģƺǳŵɹͷϣVָη͵ǵˡ
ηѿָʱһûܴ
Щ˵
ЩֵרҴʦȥŪ
ҪҪôҪ
ⲻǲȶ
ηɶĵĲУûа취˾ѾΪأֻԼ뷽
ȥǺʦɺʦͷֽµĹֻҪӴ
ʾֻеõ·һͷʦ߲òͷҺʦҲûá
̬ȰѶηٴѪ˫۶γѪˣҪֻڻãṦͱҵϡá
أһһϣһҪõһ㡣
ͻȻ뵽ʲôϵҵһϵʽͬһһ㣬ز˹ȥ


61 
׾ƾƽӵηɵĵ绰ʱ, ʵһЩȵġ
ڴͳ׼شӡ
ιǰ״ʦ·һѣҽжη, ϵʽ״ʦ, кҪҪæ֪ûʱ䣿
׾ƾηֻͷԻţҴͶ·ζĻ, ̲סü
ηɵжŻ
Ȼ֪·һʶ, ·һ󷨵, ȻӦ·һѾǷǳΣҿʦǰᵽĴڡ
Զηƾʲôأ
ʦ, ֪϶Ҳ֪˽Ϸ飬ߴ·һǱѾ֪Ҫͷ, Բԣ
׾ƾЦЦŴķ羰ɢɢû
ֻͷ׾ƾ˻ظ, ηŵĲи״ʦԸͨ˵ϣ
ǵ·һ˵, ׾ƾư״ʦǸ, ǳʮߵСУǾʹĴʦͬ۵ĺܡ
, ηɲųıӵһش绰׾ƾ, ϣܾԼ
ʦ, ֻһᡣԴĪ˳, ù֮ͻȻиʦ˵Ǹ壬Ҫõ˵ͷȥĻȻ᲻ݡ
һʼҲţǺ淢ЩҲòλʦ˵ģҲŻᴦĻǵҪõ·һͷˡ
Ͼ·һʱҺˣͱ·һˣⲻԾͷ˴ʦ˵Ǹ˼𣿡
û뵽Ȼ˵ز˽˳ȥ·һǱ߲ңҵĹ˾ҲңȥǴʦǴʦȴǱʾûǮЩǰҿˣȻԣͲˡ
ҲʵͶ·ˣҰ״ʦæ·һ˵ʱ֪״ʦ㷨߳ҲźƤšбµĴʦǷëǣܹҵ״ʦᣬڵģ֮١
ʦģֻҪæıٵģʮ򹻲
ҲǻȦӵģʦȦʲôϲǵĻҶ԰æǣߴŸʦһԸʲôġ
ηⷬ˵˵൱Ưʦ̧߰׾ƾƵۣȦЩնҪʮ
Ͼʱ̼·һ˼򵥵Ǯ˺ʦ󷨡
ʮ򣬰׾ƾƾԻĶġ
ʮ˵ʵڵİ׾ƾƻûôϡ
ҪǣǸʼʱҲΪʮ͸ηǱΪ顣
ҪǾ˼ηɼȻǿôΪԼ֪·һǱʩ˷νˡ
Ȼηѻǰ׾ƾƶǸʦȽϺ棬Ĵʦ׾ƾƼˣҪǲʲôﻹǲþ
ԼǸʱ򣬰׾ƾӵһӻѧͷרǴѧ¼
磬ԭļû֯ڣҲ֪ηµĴʦôġ
˵ֻɶԷΪٷŲܣ˵ٷŸͲ֪ôܡ
ֻѧд
ǲһ֣Ȼ׾ƼȻ֮
ԵĻȻæа
˵Ǹʦʲôͷ˵
ηɿһ룬漴кʦżȻģԷǰ¶һ֣˿˾֣ҲĻ
û뵽ʦǸƭӣ״ʦһҪҡ
׾ƾ˹ϵʽ˵סַ𣿡
ηʾûУȻ˵УһԷ绰ȥʦʵ̱ˡ
Ȼһ룬绰ͷİ׾ƾĮ˼֣ηɣȻ֪ǴʦмڣӦƭҵġ
η죬һʱü֣ôŪ
ղ˵żȻλʦ˶Է˵ĻΪ·һˣ·һӦø˵ԼҲͲˣֻ̰ȡ·һˣǸʦ󷨡
ҼȻܹƳ·һ󷨣˷ɣȻʲôҴţ˼𣿡
׾ƾһͬһˢһ¾Դöηɴڲ֮ϣþ޷
ĺͻȻð亹ֻµĲУû뵽׾ƾƾȻʲôˡ
ԼղŸ׾ƾ˵Ƿֻ¶ԷֻͷЦǸɵӡ
ηյĲУ˵绰Ƣ֪ԣѾһˡ
ҪǻҰԼƢû취ˡ
ҪǣʦȻԸ̸ǲǱŴʦʵǮķϻǻģ
˶ηʵˣԼ֪ȫ˰׾ƾƣȷʵ֪Ĳ࣬ǺʦԼⱾ£Ǳǿ׳쿴ˣ֮Ľ̸Ҳ֮٣ֻ֪ԷǸд֮ɶҲ֪
ǶֻͨûʦʲôҪη˵ȻҲѡ
Щڰ׾ƾ˵Ѿˣڵ֪λʦҪ˶η󷨣׾ƾ˼
ǰ㲻ʲôҪһ󷨣ûһǧ׾ƾƣֵܳġ
ǶԱԼڵ˼ۣ׾ƾƾЩˡ
а׬һǮüʻҪ࣬ôôòʹ졣
Ҷηɻʮǣ
취Ūλʦͷ㲻ǸʦǮȴûҿ԰Ҳùù
ηɵ۾ݵһ¾ˣ״ʦҪұ𣿡
׾ƾǰõͷӰûܲõͷ˵󷨣һ˵ʩ߷ɣ˳ģڷɵĽôأ֤Ǹʦ涯ֽţû£кеˡ
⻰ηɵݵһµɵϴŭȻ𣬡ʦ˵ģԷһ˼ؿң
Ȼ˵㲻ˣܿӰɡĸʩ󷨱֮ʩû˵ģ
ǶԷ˵ֶΰ˵ķȫʩӵϣĻ鷢
ηɲɵӣϸһûǣоԼ500ˮƯͬʱҲ·һʦҵıǺʦһЩ
ΪǸһ
ηв޼ʡ
Ӧ¾ҪȥҺʦ뵽ԼùֺܵԼûҪʦͷֳ顣
׾ƾȴЦŵֱңһʩȻȥϵǸʦҪһ棬֮õͷıˡ
ҲЩˡ


62 
ηһס, ʦĻͬ𣿡
׾ƾȣǵȻֻҪ绰, ϶֮ҪԼı, ôŪͷˣȰİֱ
ηæ˵Լ, Լ˷ɵô, ׾ƾһϵλʦͿ˺, ͹˵绰
ηɵֻһʱҲһزȥ, ֻǽصȴ쵽
˵ﻹЩûס
˰׾ƾԼ, Էʩúʦ
ô
ܹҪһԵģʦĹˣǾ֤׾ƾˢӣʹذס, סĴȣ϶⡣
׼ʱ֮󣬶ηͲ˺ʦĵ绰, һβǺʦͽܣ˽ġ
ηʹֵһԼȵ׵, ʦźӣһҲھ飬ֻ˵Լɵ, õ·һͷҲ¡
ηֻ뱬ֿ, 뵽׾ƾƸŵ, Ͻѹǿ, úʦҽԺһˣܵ취£ܲˮƯʦ£һǧҲǲԡ
ʦǰ˸ҽԺûȥηɵģϾηѾˣҲˣα˷ʱ
һͷϻǮȫǹעһĺ⣬ʦţȻĻǮ׬ײ׬
ǵͬ⣬ߵʱȥҽԺ
η⻰͵һҲû뵽ʦȻͬˣʾҽԺ
˵绰֮󣬶ηңҧԼֱ˫۶һطƣ鿴ȥǳ˵˷ܡ
׾ƾˣ
Ȼа취ôʦͬ⣬ǾʹţҪҰ׾ƾͰ˷ɵ⣬Ǹֵ顣
ηбų⣬оԼһο϶оˡ
סԼģҪһԼôŪʦͷ
Щʦ϶ͨ˸עԼͷѪҺָ׵͵͵עεһ̫ʵˡ
ֻ辶
Һпܻʦ
Զη˵Ѿʲôˡ
Ͼ׾ƾƵԷƺԺʦҲܿϣʱõʦͷʩ˷ʦùʱ򣬻ôܻ˵
ҪǣǸʱڰ׾ƾƵİ£Ѿ˷ɵ飬ʦû취
뵽ηǹ˹ֻõ켴
Űɣ
·һҲû뵽ԼȻһ

׾ƾ·˳ԶƼ׸ֳߣǴȰЦƾƣ˷ˣѾڼˡ
׾ƾЦе˳˳ڸ˵ѧУ飬ʾûҪμ¿ˣ¿֮ȥμӾʱֻüڲؼҡ
ȥμӾǰ׾ƾƵͷһΡ
бظҪ󣬰׸ȻǸԼŮгϢ
˵ĺܣֵŮѹ󣬸ſģڲ룬ﲻҪһμӲμӣۼƾͿˡ
׾ƾȻŵͷȥˣʵϣȥҪǲõһ ǾԶԲԼ
飬˳ڸ׸˵ԼҪһˣʱֱȥѧУˡ
ʲô׾ƾûϸ˵ֻǱʾͬѧҪæ׸֮Ϊѧϰϵ飬ҲûжʣֻǶҪעⰲȫ
ص֮׾ƾ˻ѧУڷ˴β飬ꡣ
ƾưıˣȥѧû죬ĳ˾ѹĶӻشˡ
˵һĸʮءÿ춼䣬ûһӮģСӾ͸ʧһʶĳĽǮŷ
ĳǮܽ𣿱ȸ£ûüͱ˶ʮĳ˾Ҫ֣ⲻǰͰѹˡ
׾ƾƳ˿̴ܲģպˬڡ
ûиӵף԰ɣ
ؿ˰׾ƾһۣͷǱ˵ˡһǮûóǿŶĳ˶ӵ֡
˵ʱӲŲӣʾûǮöĳ㴦ӵʱܱߴ˿ɶȼˡвȰҪͰѼķ˸ծϾôһӣպϿǿģҪǶֱˣպ˲мˣϱҲְϵģüǧǮȸӦ
ȫܾˣɰĶӶˡһѱһᣬ˻ߵغ˵Լˣǳ濴ҶĲ̡û뵽Ȼûжҡǿӵָϡ
˵ʱ˵ʱĳһ£˼ңĿôѪȵĻ档
ʱԷָ֮Ѫݵһ罦Ⱦ϶ǣ˵׵ĸһڵϴ
ȻʱȥҽԺָҲȥǺԺȻǻһЩҪǵʱָʹԷⱲӶڶεġ
׾ƾЦЦ˿һȻѾҵ˼ӷųȥˣǾʹķĴ̡ļҵӵһζĲʱѾͿˡǷ˶ʮ򣬳û취
ⷿΨһġôοҪ˷Ժô죿²ҪͷҲŻ˵ûо
ǵģ˵ûؼϸһҲô
ֻ˻Ƕ˵ĺݣΨһĶӶȡҲ룬Ⱦ˶񫣬һһΣһǶʮҪĲѵӣԺǷʲô
ֻǿǶҽԺƺҲʡģָű
ƾƣ˵ѧ𣿡
׾ƾƶͨǲģֻǰĹϵŻ΢һ
õġ
ʲôʱã˵׼ˡ
Ͼˣúõĥһĥӣǲڸĵġ
극׾ƾƻص¥ддҵ飬ûյ˶ηɴĵ绰Է˷ܵرʾõʦͷˡ
׾ƾ󣬹˹ˣűʿڵõģӺͻţʱ㿪žС
ηɿεڵصĺʦֻͷ׾ƾ˵ĻԽļ
Ÿ׾ƾ˵£˵Ӿͻⲻ֤һжڰ׾ƾƵƿ֮
׾ƾƼֱˡ
ԽηɱԽ˷ܣԽԼ϶оˡ
ӣȻű죬ηԼ´ȥš
ȴûʲôˡ
Ƶſڿ˼ֻۣ˺һɻû֣Ǹղŵô£
תȥѾصϣ׼绰׾ƾƣͺȻƼƬҶڻ赹ĺʦͷƺ˳ŷķƮڵſڡ
ηɣ
ʲô⣿


63 
ηʹ۾, ΢΢ſڣɫӰһ
ҶƬֺҶƬСˡ
η̲סһԼ, ۣ
, ĲĻþ
ʲô
ηһͷˮչȥǻԵĺʦ, ûƳʲôֵĵط
ɻص, ǵصȴŰ׾ƾǱߴϢ
ǵȰ, һӣڼ䲢ûκķ, ηЩôû˵ӵ
˵ղ, ΪȥŶڻˣ
ܰǰ״ʦйˣû뿪, ʲô
ηǲ⣬ͳֻ׾ƾƴ绰һε绰ûܽͨ
ηһʼûоﲻ, ֻΪʦæµУϾĴʦ, ôʱʱ߽ͨĵ绰
ǵʮӣһû˽ӣʮһ, û˽, ʮ˻û˽, ӶηĲˡ
ʦòǰ˰ɣ
ûѽ
ʦİڵĻ, ֮ǰΪʲôҪİְ
˵·һ֪飬ԼӴ˳룬ôʦܾ
η𼱻ǣ͸ȹϵһ㼱ת˼ȥоֻԭ
Ͻ绰·һû뵽·һȻûڡ
⵹еηɵϡ
ʵϣҴʦʩ·һ˵ʱ򣬶ηɱţ·һ绰ôͣȴ·һԴ˸ûκεķӦ
Ӧ˵ûκεķӦϣǹ˾ǽ˻Ӧġ
ʱηɾео·һǲ֪ԲǰԴ͸μľ֣·һһֱѡ
ò״ӦһΣҲָˣþһ١
뷨ֻһûʱȥˡ
Ϊ˷˾ҲԴԴϵ˴绰Ϣûоȥ˼Щ
ڲ·һĵ绰ηз׷ɵ˼ضټ֮ǰ׾ƾڵ绰˵ģٷְپȷˣ֮ǰ·һܾѾ֪
һ֪֮󣬿϶ǲٸܺߴ绰Ͼ顣
Ƕηɲһ˰ƤĺܣټѾͶ·ˣֻҪһ϶Ҫȥġ
·һڿηɸ绰ʱ̲סЦˣΪηҪǻа֪Ͳܴ绰
Ͼ鷢ѾôˣηɷǵûκεǸ⣬˵ǲŲʡ
ôڵͨ绰ҲǸǸ
·һǽͨˣ뿴ηɻʲôֶҪˣ
û뵽绰ͨӭľȻǶηɵʡ
·һǲð״ʦҪң
·һ
ѿڶȻȥ˰״ʦ
ԼҲηɰ״ʦĵ绰룬ʼһﺦԼʱ
ؼǣȫû뵽һȻƤҰ״ʦæ
ţ
״ʦվһߵʹ߰
ηʲô⡣
·һЦΣЩ飬þҵİ״ʦæĵͦİ.ſ桪óĻ
㡪
ηıǿֱţ֪֪·һĹȻĻʦŪúúõģΪʲôͻȻ֮Ͳĵ绰ˣ
ƴѹסӿķŭ뼵ޣתѹͼԼι·һǱصֵ֮顣
·֪ҴˣѾõӦˣҵȶһʱòˣҵͰϴһ飬ҵĳŸɣѾ˵ǳͷβıȦˡ·ҲһģΪһĵù
·һ·ɣôʦҡѾ˺ʦ״ʦ˵ˣֻҪõʦͷúʦһùұ𡣡
ұ󣬾ϣ״ʦܹκʦס
˵ģҪ˵Ȧò˥ĺ˵ˣֻҪҾһǸʮߣǵĹϵҲĻϵ󷨣ȡˣһ˷ɡ
󷨱ƳȴǶ񶾵ذѺȫҵϡ
֪ҵĴһãǺʦаҲӦôϣԾΪˣΪԺ㲻ƣҲӦð״ʦȽʦ˵ѽ
ηɵĿڲһֱܺãȻҲ·һֵܣ
Ѿشѵ·һȫ˵ģҲᱻĸƭ
Įţη˵νĺʦ񶾵ذóеĺȫƵϣŻ˵ùֻ֮عЦöηɣǻãӦõ³
ηɺ޵ݿ֨֨죬ǵίȫرʾǻã׺ʦҲӦñŹ
ֻҪ·һɿڣֻҪ˵ð״ʦʦ¸״ʦϵϣʱֻҪؽŰ״ʦᶯġ
֮ǰʮ򣬰״ʦĶ
Ȼ棬飬ʮᵽ
Ѿ׼Ҫʦģֻǻ˸˶ѡ
Ϊδʲô
ô룬ǶηɵĻڵѪȴǲϵ˵źû·һ·һͰСǶϷŪ˵ͬ⻹ǲͬ⣬һʾ³ȡӦʦһҧȥ
·һǼǵöηɸղ˵ģԻ˺ʦõͷ
ȶԷӦĻηɿ϶ûùӳԣ·һǰͲÿĺ³
ηǽڵĻ˺ֱӹ˵绰ǱţܻЦ
绰֮תͷʹ˰׾ƾƣŬԼ﷭ӿƽ͵ѯʰ׾ƾƣηǲҹ
׾ƾСҶ˻ʱԷ
ţ·һĻ˳ڻظԣҹңôǴͨҵĵ绰𣿡
·һ˲ʹӰ׾ƾƽĵĻԶηɵĲ⣬иȻ󽫶ηɸղŸ鷴˰׾ƾơ
׾ƾϵķһʹնɣ漴Цˣ棬ϣΪԼоȣȴʱصؽ£ָоǺ˼
׾ƾƽȻʲôˣˣĶȤζǲٵġ
ڶηУֵֻ50
Ǻʦ򣬶ȴʮºᵽͬļ۸
·һ󣬺ĹЦϸĥ˰׾ƾƵⷬÿɲ
ηΪ׾ƾƸϵܾ˭֪״ʦֻˣأ


64 
ֻҪһ뵽ηΪԼ黹ܹ, ٵͷǺʦû˰״ʦİʱ˿ľ, ֪Ǻ, ;ˬˬˡ
Ǹм, ״ʦ, ǲΪ, Ż֣
׾ƾüһŻֽ, ŷôô룿ֻԼ, ҪҵϣһңƢ˵ò˵, ֻܹãײǹ.ˡ
Ȼ׾ƾô˵·һǾð׾ƾƿ϶ǿķ, ŻôڶηɵģȻ԰׾ƾƵֶ, Ҫôػصķ
ֻͷǸлһֱӾתһǮ׾ƾƵм
׾ƾڿֻϢ˵ϢʱƤ, û˵ʲô, ȻԸ, žǡ
ϲ·һǮ, ¸ɴ
ˣ״ʦһЩʣ֪ܸܲҽ󣿡
ʰɡ
һǮϣ׾ƾҲԸ뼸ġ
Ƕη˵úʦͷĿԱʦ𣿡
Ȼҵ˼˵ηɱֻǾʦĴΣ᲻ȶ㲻Ϊ˶ηɣΪˣҲӦý
״ʦа취Ļ߳ǮæĻ
׾ƾЦЦС֣±ʣȻа취ֻҪĲͷѡң㲻˵ҲҪġˣɲ䵱ʦ
õܵĻ취
׾ƾƻظҪѾõˣھ·ϡ
ηȻɣһãֱӸǺʦϵֻҪ΢Сֽţ˼档
ѧעԼϵͷָף϶Щ׵ıߡηٴҲΪҽ飬ȻԺʦ֡
򵥵ķ
ϾԶηĿǰĵҲɱ˺ʦǷġκʦͷҲѾ˺ʦͷָ׸Ѫ
·һȻ򣬡ܾϵ˵ԭΪѾõҪġ
˵ã׾ƾƶҪ˷ѿˡ
ûȻѾõҪģֺαظٷѿ࣬ƾ˷ҵĺ顣
ߣֱӸϵڻֲ֮̿Уʹģصȴźʦ֮ԼϲԣıǺ˼𣿡
·һһһߴţ԰׾ƾƸ֡
˵ʦǴʦСľǱҪܵ
·һôʦֻһ׾ƾƾͱʾˣҪæˣֱӹ˵绰
·һһ٣ϸֳ˿ϲ⣬ֻ˵תһʾ޿ȥ
ڵҵѾɫ˾Ĵ˼֣СǳĳʵǮȥˮһ㣬ȴһգգһҲۡ
ϾҪûа׾ƾƣЩǮҲ׬֣׾ƾҲøˡ
׾ƾߣСҶǣ֣һСӻ֮ϸֳȷЦ⡣
СһʵЩɰ
СҶڵؽԼСĶͳݸ˰׾ƾƣǱƽȴǽƳȴ佱ĽС顣
׾ƾҲԼĿޣСһıƽСԴûҲ˲άճΪ
СҶ̯ϣ̼ˡ
׾ƾõ˶ԷͷѪҺָף־Ͳ˸󷨣õĻǰԺһЩʯͷϴϴɾ֮󣬾Ͱڷ֮ϣշλá
漴ʦͷѪҺָ׷롣
ǱʦƼȻǾѪҲ󷨸֣ȴӲ֪󷨾Ȼ⣬⵽ûˡ
׾ƾȻߵͳʵͳһЩѧ͸ˣϵʱżҲо
ȻЩֻҵˣʵʩϡ
ΨԼˣǡüԼͽץ˼ƻŹļһ׾ƾƾͻϣЧ
һ˶֪ˣ׾ƾпţˣѶ˵ʱ֪ʦĳģЩ˵ֶԼϣһĥĹǺ׾ƾƸһ˵ĲС
ں֮󣬰׾ƾֳûԼѹƤĺȡһЩ롣
ϴĻʱ˳͵ߵġ
ϾĻĺĳЩʱͦõģⲻһ޶һëһҲ
ϾĻ˵⻹Ǻء
԰׾ƾ޶ë޶Ŀ˵һҲ顣
󷨰ں֮󣬰׾ƾʯӸλһС󷨣㿪ʼ
룬ʦͷѪҺָװʵʵ
ǳȥ֮⣬׾ƾƷȴɷƽ˾ûһ˿һĲ
СҶ˶ûܵӰ죬ȤǶԼıƽǽζԿɼ׾ƾ֮
󷨵ҪΪƳʦԼbuff
ˣϲ֪մȾ˶ȴܹ󣬻ΪԷڰ˶ȡ˵ʱҲЩȡǵ˵Լôöƽ¡
Ȱ׾ƾƳϵȡĲĶ󣬸ľͻˡ
ֺ˺ʦֻʳиеһ١
Ū֮󣬰׾ƾֻ˼Էʱ仹磬ˢ˾⣬˵ǰʱ䰲ŵ
һߣþôͨ׾ƾƵĵ绰Ʋѳͷ˲һʿֻȴһĶηɣҪˡ
ô
·һǸһﵽ׸˰״ʦǮصؾܾԼûУ
޵·һж˿ʱڵϵĺʦȴŶͷȻ۾
ηһӾͻˣûôʦôˡ
֮ǰ֪״ʦԶηɶԵһ㶼ġ
ڲһˣ״ʦǺݺݵؿһѣ˺ʦֵԼܽ
뵽ηµĲУʦֶ֪ʲôڣʦܻģηɻŵĲУϵĺελ䡣
ĴԷתؿŷ䣬ͻȻĿˮ̵ˮϡ
ԣɱ
ηɵ۾һӾĿ¡
ںʦѹ֮ǰǸˮڶϺʦԼɱŭ˫ۣ˲֪ԼҪˡ
ң
ŶηвΡΡˮʦŭֽ֣Ŷţͷˡ
ŭ֮»ϽͣԷɴһ֣̬ȣʾֻҪˮηɽ˵顣
Ƕηɸղż۵׵ôŭȻԼǲģʦʲôԣѵҪķתͷľ
ηɴʱ˿ͱָ֣̿ԼѾùˣǺʦٳֶԸˡ
Ծ͸һ㣬һҧ鶯һݣֱֱؽˮ˺ʦࡣ
ֻһ׵ӽ쵶ӳһһ£ƵطйԼĵĿ־ŭ
ʦѪֱˮγʱѪҺ˶ηɵϣʱģͺǶ١

ճѲĻʿڼǰһ˵ĳʱŵüС
˰ɱˣ


65 
ٴα, һεǶηɣһεݣȴ˶Ŀࡣ
ĵСηɾȻڲˮ, һˣ
漫ҿ, ȻˣǼ㱻, ˻Ƽһ̲ɫѪ, Լηˮ, һµӡ
ηǷ𣿾ȻҽԺɱˣǾԼѾû, ֱƹˤ𣿡
ȵȣ˭ηɸʲôʲôԹΪʲôҪɱǸˣ
ηɾҪɱҲɱ·һ, Ͼ·һͷ˭
Ҳ٣ȻֺܹԼֵܵ˰ɱ, ҾȻһҲ⡣
˵Ȧһذ˰ɣȦﻹû˸ɱˡ
ҵģʲô, û֪𣿡
ѽϽҼҸ, лηɵĲɱ֮
ɲˣΪ۹
ϲηϲһɫ
ұȽϺǸ˵˭𣿡

۷׷ףӷʱʮ, ҹèӶû˯, һع⵽ͱˡ
·һյϢʱ, ҲȦˡ
Ǹηɱ˲еǸʦɣ
Ȼ֪״ʦæа, ٶҲ̫˰ɡ
״ʦôָʹηɱ˵ģ
Ȼ˵һ·һСĸλǲΡΡģ԰׾ƾԽľη
һ仰һٶһʧֶ˭ú¿ֻš
Ψһҵǰ״ʦΪֱǸƵĺʦˡ
Ҳֻһʿˮŵؿ·һηӳ𣿻ǸʲôޣȻҽԺףƹˤ
ô벻׶ηôӳ飬ǿɱ˰
ȦɱνСڣˡ
ɱˣǾǷƿˣһǹף㲻̣ͽ׵Ҳûˡ
˵η˲ûӰ
粻Ծر·һ˵˷ɣͫ΢ֻú󱳷Щ°
·һ˵᲻ıӦ
·һЩɬĴ꣬Ӧǵİɡ
Щֻ滮ȥʰ׾ƾƣֲҡ
׾ƾƵôöηɱ˺ʦġ
Ͼ֮ǰϵ׾ƾƻ˵ηûǸɱʦģôתۼ䣬ͳ
·һ벻ֻͨð¸˵һ£ƤƤϺһҵ죬˵ⶼǰ״ʦֶΣ
·һصصͷû״ʦ׿ڸ˵ġǲҲе㺦£
ֻԼ¼ƤˣǸ·һڰ״ʦǰ˵ԺҪϹϾ״ʦɱҪĶࡣ
Ŀɫһ࣬ԼҲؽð״ʦæʦû˵ôǰ״ʦһֿ˶η˻ɱҲ¶ӣְ״ʦֺݡ˵˶飬ϧҪ˰״ʦȻĻڻ깴ţ߸ηһѾʼùΣˣ㲻֣ܺôʦġ
·һҲɵӣȻһʱ䱻Ϣˣͷ֪ҾŰ״ʦˣȥԹɣֺÿܾûôǲֻΪηɵùǸʦڰ״ʦ֮Ҳù˲ϣԾĲҾ磿
žмֵȫԸͲ֪ǲ
֮·һ˭ܲ𾴣Ƕ԰׾ƾǱضҪԴ
ҾͰ׾ƾϷˣηɵһԷȷʵеСһ㣬ϲŭģΪǮʧԼ
ĻȫΪǮȥηɣ̹ϵذ¸·һ
ֻҪûе׾ƾƣ׾ƾҲǳֵġ
·һҲôģһϼƣǰ಻סģϢ׾ƾơ
ǲ֪׾ƾ˯ûУû뵽ԷȻʱʱߡ
׾ƾƽӵ·һС֪֪ηɱ˵ʱ˯ء
һϢѲ鿴ǹڶηɱ˵ϢǸȥˣҲ˰ǳһϢ
˵ȦĴʦպ˳ƺʦ
׾ƾƶֲû̫ھȣ֮С
Ȼûʦ󷨵ˣԹвԱУ顣
ֻû뵽Ƕηôܲסֱ˶ϵؾ͸Ǻʦһ
ҲǣʦҪѹ֪Լȡͷָ׸ѪҺ϶Ƕηɻ֮ΪǿͱһҲǻ١
ҧһëܾˣõĽ֡
·һѯʣ׾ƾ赭дرʾֹϵùϣֶöʲô򣬱ȻʲôĹ
˵֮ʩһ£Ϊ˱鷳ɨβ͹ֻĵؿʼ˯
յظ·һǿŲҲƽ£ѽֹϵùϣֶöηɸʦǱΪ飬֪£ʦֲ֪˶ˡ
ܹΪǮɵضһӣҲܹΪǮ캦顣
û״ʦûİôʦԶܱ֮ԷԶڷ֮⡣
ѧȦ˸ͷʤ
Ҳͬοļ򣬡ǰѰ״ʦĹˡʵϸһ룬״ʦ˵ûʦηҪû飬ηҲͲΪ̫ں¶ͱʦ
ӦõıӦ
·һЦŵͷѣȻ㷢־Ȼ˰ǳ˺ʦݣұʾ֮ǰƭʮߵСνȡ˵ˣȦ
ʵϣⶼǼٵġ
ԷǮͲ£˵˷ǲûиܵԼжֻǶʱ˼֪ͨͨⲢûʲôرġ
вʣǮʦȴֱ׳رʾû֤ܻһӸǵǮֻ֤һʱķ⡣
ҪһӵĻǾͱüǮ
˵ǰð
ΪˣҲûϾû˵ȥ
ڿʦѶЩʮѶŭԷúãұʾηɹǽɱˣҲΪʦƭˣټϽ췢飬ģһʱʧȥǡ
ǿֻ֮ţ
ԭΪʲôѧ¼ô˵Ǹƭӣ
˷Ѹ鰡
ǸʦҲǣǮȥˣʲôǮ׬ʲôǮҪҲԼû³Ҳǻð


66 
ĥžöηҲôһǴ, Լһ
ѽ֪ԭȦôң׵˰Ǿ©𣿡
֮ǰڶη˶·һ˵˵б۵, һΪ, ⣬⣿ƭ˰
ȻǶ˵Ǹʦƭ, ҿǱϵ, м꼻һֵҷСʱ, ȦкüλͻȻ֮Ͳ˵ģҲо, еı·һң͵òûˡҲ֪ǲΪ˵ԭ򡣡
Ȧ˲Ϣ, ̫ˣʱ仯Ҳ̫ˣҾЩֻΪʦĳ, Ϊ˰ɣ
ǰ˵Щ˵ͨһʱõĻ, Ǻˮù˵ȦͻȻͻȻţû, Ҳ
ǲô˵ڿǧ, ǻбӦġ, ʦǸ, Ҫǲƭ, ηΪɵ𣿴ܣ
һֱΪνѧǹʱɣû뵽ʮһˣȻڣһţЦˣ
Ϊأһ˸ŵĻš
˵һŵҲǸѧģÿҪԣǴشת۵ʱ趼ݷúҲˣȻԼҲ֪鲻ɣǾͼο
Ҳǣͬ˰

۷׷ףѶ۾ľ쿴ǰڻ֮УϷĶηɣɫηɣ㻹ʵذѽˡ˭ʲôΪʲôҪɱ
ηɵһֱڶϵѪûɣŨŨѪζЩŻ
Լڻ֮У쵽ߵʱûκεķӦ
ֱѶǴĿĹֻԼηɵľŷӵ
ֵץԼͷгǰ״ʦңǰ״ʦҡ
üͷһͬ»һۣ״ʦ
ͬ־˵ʲô˵ҲҪӦңץǸ״ʦҳ
ηɫ˫͹ϴʱϰ߲Ѫ͸ɱħһ
ɫصؿĿ΢˵˵ô¡
ǶηɳƵشǸʮСǿʼ˵𣬽·һʦа״ʦĸ֮Ĺϸȫ˵˸
η˵ǸνĺʦҲǱɱ·һˣ·һ˹ʺһʶһ״ʦ·һð״ʦ󷨵飬˷ɣù˲ù˷·һ飬Ͷ·֮¾ȥ˰״ʦæ
״ʦ˵ǿ԰ʦƭʦΣͷѺʦ֮󣬰״ʦȴ·һҪ²ٸϵֱӿ
֪ʦۼСر֪֮󣬿϶ùӳԡ
ùȦɱ˾ҪǺʦٶ֣궿ˡ
˶ηɱʾԼҲǹϣ˵ǰ״ʦˮɱ˺ʦ
ⲻԸģǰ״ʦԶ̿
ηɿߵ죺
˻һۣڱ˴˵п˵Ե㻨Ҳ
ηڱù
η˵֮ʾҪǲŵĻԲֻ״ʦ֮仹ͨ¼
ηɵֻǵǰֻͨ¼Ѿֻһͨͨ¼ǲ绰·һġ
ôܣ
ηͽȻɴ۾˫ճȭϵôԼǰİ壬쳣ܣܣҽϵ״ʦΣ϶ûм¼ġȻȻҵͨѶ¼һ°״ʦĺ롣
ˣҲûܲʲôǺʦĺƼһ
ηɲţ͵ץסԼͷ¶ֱı飬һǰ״ʦ˷һˣŲЩʧġ
һѾؿŶηɷ裬㲻Ҫ˵Щеûģʵνİ״ʦǲԼģ
ǣôܣǲ·һĵ绰ǸϽ·һ·һ϶֪ģѰ״ʦϵʽҵģҲ˰״ʦ󷨣»ġ
ȵ·һǿ϶ġ
ηΪ֤ڳԼ˿ڣѪܵذǵǰҲ˵·һ˵ҡ
ʹشԼؿڣҰǿ϶ʶңǰʱΪùҲһֱѣҲΪ󷨵һֱϣǾǾҲӦҲῴѵĶԲԡ
˵λǡþǿڶηɵѡ
֮ǻǶҡͷ̾Ȧңû뵽ȦӾȻһͳǵǰ
Щѯʶηɣ˵ʵǶηɷȥֻЩʣû취ͳľֻȷŹתȥϵ˶ηɵľˣ˵·һ
ηɵľ˿ѵʱҲǺ󱳳һ亹ɶԷǲΪν˷ɣԳ¡
ڽӵĵ绰ʱҲûжԼ֪Ķ˵˳ʾηҲ˵飬ǾǸʲôҲΪǶη֮ǰɵ顣
ֻ֪ηɱײ֮󣬾͸˷Ƶ˵·һ˸ʦ󷨣ǺʦҪ·һͷԲŻһٶæ
ʲôνİ״ʦ˾Ͳ̫ˡ
Ҳûʲôʦ
ϵηɾߣִ绰·һǱߡ
·һȻηǱʲôǶηɳ£Ǻ޹ϵûг֣㾯ô飬·һ¡
ټ·һԾ׾ƾƵ⣬Ծѯʣȫʸڷϣʾ
Ҵûη˵Щ飬Ҳ֪ηڱʲôʲô󷨵黹ǽҲ֪ġҲΪ⣬֪ԭڶηɵĿУҸͲֵܡˣ
ڶη˵ҵˣתˣ󷨱ƣ˷ɣԵùǶ޻̸֮
Ҳ֪ȦĻǶһһģʱţҲܰһ𲻻ʵҲ˵ֶпܰôɵؾܱ˴ߣһ뱻ɡҿǱνĺʦƭǮûԼ»Żɱ˺ʦ
Ͼ˵ʦһֿǰģһ˿벻
˵ģһǮƳ󷨵İ״ʦǾʹϹˡҪĴʦǮ㶨ǺʦҪôûдʦԸ𣿡
Ҳ룬ôϵڱʵʵ飿ңҶǲ֪飬ôܻǰʲô״ʦ󷨡
ȻȦȷʵвŰɣǻû˭֮Ще飬ҿΪҪС
֮Ҳû绰˵ԲҲǳ׿͸ˣǸǡϹ˲Żôá



67 
·һ˵, ûзʲôԣϵ·һʱҲȵһη, ·һ˵ʵȫϡ
·һʱ, Яηɣκζηɾǰǽ, ûǸ, 
·һΪԭȥʱ, ηȻҲԮ֣Ǹǵ鵽ϷֶηνԮ, ǿ·һȵףѩ̿Ϸ
Ͳĵ, Ǵŵ߸ϣ̶䵽ҪҰæ³ǽ˿˿ϲɺصͷ
һֶܷηмë
ڶηɳ, ·һҲǵһʱȥҽԺȥҲǸĹĶԷ˶ηҪԴ, ԼԴĿǰʵãҪηɰ˷ϡ
֮ܶ, ·һȥİѶηɵԼĺѣηǡǡ෴
ȥ·һ֮⣬ǻҹѯηߵý, ϵȦˡ
ǵе֪˶ηɵһЩ, ηɵһһ, ԷʲôƷҲеһģһ
ڶηеĺʦ, һȦϸη˶ʦĴڣҪ˵νİ״ʦˡ
ҶηɻѶǰ״ʦᣬǸѧ͸޻̸֮
ȻΪʵǣҲصȥ˵ʱ·һѨݵ̳˽
Ҳõ˵ʱݳƵǰǰûзֶηɸνİ״ʦ̸
Ǹ̳Ϊ쿪ҵȷʵвѧǶй䣬ֻĩѧżҲʵ
ѯ·һʱ·һҲ˼˼֮󣬲űʾʱȷʵǸһѧ˵ֻǸѧķ˿˳ָǩ˸
ȷʵη˵ϾҾΪ־ϻӡر̡ΪԼ;ϣһر˵ظηɷ飬ǸС˿ϾҲ֪Īôã˿ĿţһСطϲҵķ˿Ȼӡ̡Ϊ·ǸС˿Īرʲô״ʦĻ̫޹ˣ
˵ʱ·һʮ㣬Ӣдʧ֣û뵽ηˡ˵䲻ģ֪η˽ʲôʦ˵ʱȻе㲻ܣˡ
Ǻʦûгɹ飬ηôˣҿһʱһΣ㹻Ҷˡ
·һҡͷ̾һԼ˵ӣʻľ˵ͷʾס
ǲûо·һĿڹʲô⣬ҳȥ·һ֮⣬Ҳ߷˶ηɲٵѣȷνʲô״ʦǲڵġ
Է֮ǰǲ˹ʺĻˣԶηΪԼǮҵõĴʦ·һˣû뵽Ϊ⣬ΪԼù˲ʦ˵󷨱˷ɣöηɼǮٽ⡣
ηأҲǹϣΪʦ£ӦˣԲŻֳ˽װͷ̶Ǽ¡
Ϊ鱩¶ĹͻȻηҲû뵽Լһʱ֮˾ɱȦѩأٴδ˵绰ʦҪ⡣
ʦӶηɵоЩҹʮ˽⵽ģ֪ܵԷҲǲֶεթƭ
û̸£״ĶηΪֱˮɱ˺ʦ
ںʦڲİҩηɳŵģΪҪõʦͷ״ʦ
˵ţǸӾöηΪԼ˶ԷԲŻҩ
ϾǸʱȶˣҪɵƷһ˸ӣǸܵġ
ηȻԸţҲԸϣⲻܣܣа״ʦ˴ڣңǾ죬Ӧõóġ
ǰЩ˰˵ǮˣôСһ鶼áǰ״ʦǸѧǸȥ·һѽôܣôͲ鲻·һɵĺ¡
ڶηɵķ趼Ȳ˵״ʦ˾⹹ģ˵а״ʦ˴ڣúʦͷǶԷʾȥɱ˺ʦ
Ҳǰ
ҵ״ʦԷںʦͲøκεΡ
Ǹɶηȡ־ΪôΪо񲡣ӲϴԼ
ʵҲǣʲôνȡ˵󷨵ˣӾͲ̫
Ҳˣѧֶη⽨ɹƭΪԽȷηɾɱ֤ȷ֮ͷͨ档
ư˶ʮСʱЧ֮ߣ˫ֳޣͬʱҲվ˳Թϵĵһߡ
Ŷ𣬾ͨ涼ǶĳΪĳĳթƭΪ̶ҩζԷ֣ɲصĽ֡˵⽨Ҫã
ǿɲңҲɱˣ򰡣ЦһӶ׬
ΪʲôηɻͻȻôʧķˣ鲻Ϊ㹻ù˾ɱΪϰһѪ޹飬ԼڳӣҲҪ谡
Щ׬Ǯװηɶַܷó֮ǰЩʮ߽вֵСǶóʮʮ򣬻ǽĽʺް
ǮôؼûӣһǾ©㣬׻Ǯȫ͸һƭӣǷˡ
·һһֵܣﶼӰˡ
ɲ𣿻ҵĻҸȦйĽˡµҲ̫ˣ

۷׷ף˹Ŷηɿ϶Թɱس̶ȣʮͽ̣Ҳܻڣǲ֣ĺǵͷˡ
ҶԴֽкãһ౻
ηһҲἺΪң˼¡
ǱڼĶηɿɲôãЩÿ춼ڼﰧǰ״ʦƭģҪߣЩ֪¼ѶЩˣȥһᡣ
ηˣҲǲǴ
ѶͷΣﷴ־һٱ̣˭ס
ұЩ鷸ƣǿ
ֵ֮ñѡ
ηǵֹۣǣƽǿǽӴӴʱѹ´Ǹоˬˡ
ɲÿɾ۸һ¡
֮ηձͽ̣һСڼӹÿɲ⡣
Ǳ򣬾ǱǸߣÿ컹Ҫƴȷһ˵Ÿͷε
ĶˣҲٰǰ״ʦϾ͸Ƶģ˵ֻվɺް·һ޺ʦҲǸİ״ʦ
ȴӲԼΪʲôҪɥĲ飬ԼΪʲôҪԴ·һ
һ˽ֻԼ


68 
һ, ѾԼúʦĿһֱõȲʦ绰callû˽
Է޷, ֻϵ˺ʦͽǱ, ʦͽܶԴҲ֣Ϊʱ˵, ʦӦѾڶԷ˲Ŷ, ôỹûӰ
Ͻ˿ͻ, һȻȥϵԼʦ
ôϵϡ
ʱһͽܺȻϿ˶ηɵӰ, ȥһüһ, ֻ챻ŵõˡ
ǶηɾȻɥĲɱǵʦˣ
ͽǲţǴҳһ£ضֻ, ƴ·ݣһġ
, ֮سϢʵǵʦ, Ӣޱȣ߳ʦȻ˶ηɵ¡
Ҳ̫˾ò˼˰ɣ
ηɰһѾ⵽, ùȱײ, ҽԺϢʱܶ˵ļһȻһˮͰǵʦͱˣ
ⲻڿЦ
ǵʦж̰, ˶ֱֶ, Ǳ˭
ôɵؾͱηɸأ
Ҳ̫Ī˰ɣ
ǲаﰵҲȥǴĽ淢ͨһģһ
ȥΪĺʦǸթƭ֮⣬ĺûʲô
ǵʦΪηɱ֣߳ŭڸȵˮҩʹ֮ͱ
̲סһ˭뵽һʦȻССİҩϡ
Ҳֻʦ̫С
ǶΪηʦҲֻǹʦæ뵽һȻƹˤֱӰʦɵˡ
˵ЩûˣѾˡ
ɢʦͽѹʦļҵ֮뿪
Ͼʱʦֻ֤ݴˣҲֻͨϵǣûȥʬתͷע˺룬þҵ
Ͼʦ϶թƭЩͽ֪ͬʦˣֻϵǵģ϶к£û˽ӡ
ǱҲʦ߰ӣϵͽܣϵЩˡ
Ǹʦߵýֻϱ¶ԼϢĿ˱ͨҲݵλһģ̫ԸϹûԱŵģֻܻžͻֻţϣʦǣϡ
һʱ䣬ĵҲ뽩ֻ֣ǻʱ侫ȥ׷١
ЩɢȥͽܣеĴźʦͷȥҡײƭеľſ֮ǰʦһʦ
ϾʦΪͽʱ򣬿ûʲôʵѧǣǽ˵ŵС
ƭƭһЩûʶˣҪ飬˵Ҫһʦ󷨣Ƕ˵Ǳȵ컹ѡ
ΪǵʦСˣҴţ˵ͽܽĴУʵϾǵӵġ
˺ʦˣҲûжͽģȷû֮תͷͽļҲָϣȻ߸
һͽܽǺʦֵĵӣƽʱӺʦѧĶҲͽҪࡣ
˵⻹ԶԶͻûʦ
ҪʦһǶȡ˵󷨣ʵԶ
ҪǣԼҲ֪캦һƣʦҲܵɡ
ƫƫʦȴоһµķַܹɼ޽ӵϣܽҪʩϵתһֵǵϡ
˶˵Ÿ߷գʦȴǸŸ߻رգ⻹̵
ʦҲӲŻ͸¶Щдκƻرʾ֮ǰЩʮʵʵ
ͨһһε󷨣ճɹصη㡣
˵ۺĺܣ֮󣬶Ժʦ˵ǸӵıϹϾƱҪĵģúʦֻ
˭û뵽ηõ󷨾Ȼˡ
˵һʮС
´ҶţҲȥˣ֮ͬиû˴ڡ
ԺʦҲûϣ˼ȫͻϡ
ηɻõ·һͷʦٰһѣǾ
ǸνʮĴʦпȥ顣
ûʲô׬ǮҪˣϾһڱ۶ǽǧˡ
ֻϧǧĶûõ֣ɵˡ
Է֪˺ʦѶ绰ʹһ١
Ȼ˹ٷ˵ģΪǵʦǸƭӡ
п˵޴ӽ͡
Ҳͷ͡
ϾʦһǧɣЩͽҪǳȥĻ϶ᱨͷȥ㲻û˾Ҳƭӡ
ͽǶöмʦ
ǴҪʦ·ûģǮ졣
ȦǮҪ졣
ڵԶԶ˽ʤʦʦϵԡ
ҶԷҲûͽܣԼӦܹڽʤ̸ͽܵٲȻɸӵҲУʯΪܹöԷͬ⣬Ϊͽ
ҽʤˣҲ˽Էߵ·߸ʦͬʦǾͨ󷨣Էó׽
ʦҪ
ȻշѲʦߣǼܲס˼ұ
ҲѧԽԽãƣԺ϶ϵġ
ˣʰʰʹͶʤ֮ǰصش˸绰ʤ
ʤʱҲĺܣȻҵ˷ҺͣһͲԸյǰˡ
ʤɲĳƢһСֶΣ÷ҺŵƨɵؾͰ˼У˵ʶĴʦ
Һ֪ʲôʦϵǲⲻʶʶ
ôãȴؿһʣҺ顣
йλƮʱѾǴ͸״̬Ƕ̶̼칦Ѿ۲ס
иоٹЩʱû취κĻͻɢ
Ľйôܣ
Һڼֲйǰʱŵһ飬Ҫȥϵۡ
߶£ŵƨ˵ͬȥѯʴʦ
ֻϧԸȥˣԸԭ
ټҺ͵һ˲䣬˵һȭͷ˹ȥȻ֮ʣ˱绰Ҫһ֮Է
ҺһԣĻҼͣؼβͣעһѽƿˡ
ҲһȥҽʤϾ߿ɸһֻ
ԼӵĺǣǶҲ
κνʤ׼Һ͸ܲġ
йԼԽ壬ĺſԼѪڣ͵ҧ˷ҺͷйԼеŭ
ͷҧ֮йطһ˿бдϲԵø𾢡
ʤһĻʱ򣬾亹ˡ
ǰֹйȻɱͷԣй˫ճļܹγѪ۾ͻȻʤˣͲҶ˵ʲôֻй˷Һ͡
ЩѪǳĹǿɲһĹˣʱһãпܻɥʧǣֻ֪ɱ
Һ͵йָЩǣϾͷԼʵ˺ܶ࣬Լҵ˾ԼķϲؿʤȥˣҵĵиңҾָܻһ㡣
ʤ˵ʲôֻĬĬͷй֮ԼԷ˺


69 
ʤ绰ʱ, պйŵһ飬ҹ֮ǰ񵽵Ǳ±˼йı, ûʲôӰ졣
±żȻһɽϼ񵽵, ʱ񵽵ʱΪȻ, ֱ֮, , ô͸ơ
ΨһõϵľԼ
ԼҲһξܳɹģʱ˲˼, ʱ˺ͣټϸպø˸й, е£ƺĴڣûߣԽʤʵ顣
û뵽ɹˡ
ʹйʼҡײƭƵ
йԽԽ, ǽʤȴ㣬Ҫ࣬Ͼйܸ׬Ǯ֮, ˱á
ƽͬǰ˵ǱϵĶ󣬵Դй, ͬǰֱͦˡ
ϾΪйĳ֣ȦץԽԽ, ˲ͬеĵӡ
ץһбԼйĻ, йܹɾͰЩ, бйǿĻ, ͼ׷й˵
һйˣʤҲܵǣ
ʤǼ䲻ģϾΪԼƾʲôԼĶˣҲҪǣ
ϸȥ±ŷԼʱŪˡ
ŪĲͣǹ塣
ʤһĲðɹֵֻ֣Լѧղ±ȥûܿס
ٵ
ԺѧˣȥͬӣרȥǮ˼ңйǼҵңԴ˴ﵽɹƭ׬ǮĿġ
˵֮ǰרȥץǮĶࡣ
ֻϧҸƺͽȻֹˡ
ʤͷˣȥûڹ±ҵԼĹɶʲôĽ
ЩĻţֻϣйڳԵڻָԼĵ֮֡
йλûմȾʱλɸɾûʲô˷Һ֮»صλ֮Уλ涼˰߲߰ĺۼȥͼΪĲ顣

ֻΪ׬Ǯѣô
ʤǹ±ͷβȥؿ˺ü飬ûܿȻ
ӵĵ绰˵ԷҪͶʱ򣬽ʤµĿˣʲô㲻Ǻѵͽ𣿡
һ㶣ʦˣʦ㻹֪𣿡
ʤ
ʲôʱ£ôˣ˭ɱ
ӡУʦ²ģټͨ󷨣ôıֶΣĸͬ˶֣
ѵǳ
ôһ˵ʤĲʦѶǸϽʦηɱͷβ˵һ顣
еĽʤֻ𾪲ѣʦȻôһ֣֮ͨͨҲ̫ѧ˵˰ɣ
һԷǽжηɵҪ򣬽󷨱ƣԷʦȴʶԷǮŸ£Էɴһݣֱ˺ʦ󣬽ʤ̲סǶ˼
򰡣
Ƶɱţƶˣ
ȻʤҲһֱѺʦ󷨣ֻͨڴ˵Ҳֻ۲
ڲһԴ֪Щʲô
ģظпһʦеϧô뵽Ͷ£ԼںʦǱѧ˶١
Ҳ˾һʤʣ֪ЩʲôǲʺƨһѣʾʦʱͿ޹ʤܳһλץֶζܹͨͬȵϡ
ԼȻǺʦĵǱϾᣬûһʦţҲû취Լһ˶Ͼ֡
ʦû֮뵽ʤ£ϴ˳Ҳཻѧϰһ¡
ϾཻܳɳԽ̽ʤΰ󷨣ʤԽô׽Ҿ˫Ӯ
ʤ̲סЦ۾ԶԶԣѧа˸ָͬɣѧϰԴҶá
ɣһˣϾǺѵͽܣûˣôţҲҪѺúչһ㡣
ʦ̫лˡҹӦǵˣʱ̫ĻͲˣȺһݷ㡣
ʤһ绰̲֮סЩغС
ҪǴǶѧǶȡ˵󷨣һʴĿ
ӿɲü̡
һʵӾ򰡣ɱ˿ˮָԽĶࡣ
֮ǰҪƾֹһ飬ȡץҲǼʮû뵽ʦһ󷨾˼
ŻҲϲϡ
ֻҪһ뵽򣬽ʤ˽йĿ־ʼС̣ĥŵʱôܰѧ֡
ϾǲĽԼ׽Ҳ֪߸ŵй֮ԨԴ
ʱⲻҪЩʲôС
죬ȥͣظ·֮⣬ϷҲؾͿԼҺ˸ʦԼõĹ԰
ƵƵֻ²ӣͺѾȥСʱϷ̲֮࣬ס˵һ䣬ȥģߵ۾ˣӰϷ
ĴӵۣһƾԵԴͷɹؿʯϣֻһͷͺˣ۵죬Ӷðˡ
ʲôѵ˵Ĳʵ𣿡
۵ĵŶͷعһϷ棬ԼӢ۶Էˣˡ
ԼҶһӶģôҪʱ̣ȻϷ
ĸųֲݵӣ̲סͷ۵ʯ˺ˣʲôʲôóģ
ԲĵµҲûԼȶ֡ǸʦԼʮһʱͣһҪʮӾ͹ģڲʮ㼸֣ʦܵй
һ⻰Ҫһ޳˿ѧˣһжվֻܵķɿ죬һܻһ߲Ӣ۸ӪĴͷżܣ˵ķǳ֮
ĸЦˣҲùڽ֮صʯϣƵؿڵǲǾȽʱ䣬ҪҪٴһ
ӻһۣ׷׶ű˴һ
ٴԼĶӣתĸ˵˻⼸ʦĻûɫ˵ǹһֱû˵׼Ǳʦķŵˡ˭Ҳ֪й˺֮󣬻᲻鷳һǵôʦֱӰйʰǲŰġ
ңܴӴʦǶ֪йݣý֪˭ǡ
⼸˼ȥû˭г𣬻ɹҪǡ
ĸЦҪҺˣһΪҪǮأ
һҺͣҲӵĻҲû뵽һȻôƤ󣬻ǾϺˣᷢ
Ҳֻ𰡣
ϧǱˣûϵѾˣȻҺѾᱻץġ


70 
Ҳ֪ǸҺǼֵ, ҲǺ׶ԷԼ
ʲôϴ𣿡
ƲƲ, ˭֪, û˵꣬Ҿֱһȭͷȥ, ˵Щϻ, Ҳԭ, ǮҳߡΣ
˷Һѵպ˶˼, Ҳǰɵˡ
ĥʱ䣬˵, ʦʱҲࡣ
ҲϷˣ̽ͷ̽ԵؿܣʲôʱһŵɷĴʦ
ǴʦûƼⱻǰϵѧ׾ƾơ
׾ƾƵʱ, Ի̲סĸ첲ڵ裬ǿǸŰɫȹ, ŰڲݴԱϵŮͬѧ, ѧ񣬳ɼţƵģ֮ǰȥμӾ, ȫصڶ
ѧУ֮ĵһ, ֮ǰĵһĻѹȥˡ
ĸ֪׾ƾ, ĻĴŵġ
ϾռѧУ־Եĵһ, ÿȥμӼҳᣬܴӼҳ֡
ֻѧϰãǾˣƫƫ˼Ҹĸ˫Լֱݵɨô㣬ܲӡ
֪Ļʱ򣬻ǵĶԸ˼Һúѧϰѧϰһӣû໤չˣûԴĥſӲϰ׬졣
ĸȷʵƣԸ⡣
ЦǿĻǿߵɨǵùҪǸĻߵýˣǸȱ첲ȵĲԼ
Ϊ˴ͷԾֹŵؽĻĵù¼˵һ飬ұʾĻļҽʦģꡣ
ʤһʾ֪жţһЩǿĻӲϰһ嶯Ҳ˲ɢ
ĸȻţԼҶӲԸ⣬˵ĻӴ˻Ӳǲ⽨ţҲǲġ
Ͳ֮ˡ
ΪĻĵùģ޶ӡ̣ÿμҳʱ򣬳ȥӵĳɼϰԵضȥעĻĳɼһİռ꼶һλãǸпĽ˳˼ҵĺѵԼҶһ١
û뵽˼ҵĶһȻλˡ
ǰģ֮ǰôûע⣿
ĸ΢۾˰׾ƾǱߣʹˣ۾Щӣ̫ԶĻģ塣
ôǵǰгôƯһСﰡ
Ű׾ƾƵ߽ĸһľޣСﳤÿˮ飬͸ƵģӰϵģôܻûӡ󣬶ҳɼôɫ
Ա˳˵˰׾ƾ֮ǰæˣټ֮ͳСѼĹ¡
˵ƼСԽԽҲû֣Ϊǰ׾ƾƼԹк
Цеؿ׾ƾƣ˻֣׾ƾƺɰɢ𣿡
˵֮־ЩԣΪǵð׾ƾƵļҲߵѽ
׾ƾ΢΢һЦԣ壬̣ǺãǸʦԼĶ԰ɣ
ĸһ㶣ʶؽĿͶԣҲ±ƣô֪
˵ģ
ȥҲֻ뵽
׾ƾҲôΪҵ˵ġǻĿǰΪֹûʧЧɣ
ˣ
±ƣԣ̲סͶ䣬Լǲˡ
ʲôҵ
˽һֱϵȻǰ׾ƾƵ
Բԣص㲻ص㣬ӦǴʦ׾ƾôһ˵Ŵʦ
ԲۣʲôЦ
׾ƾôǴʦ
Դšüͷڰ׾ƾͬѧƯѧķϣǿûдɤŭ׾ƾƣЦˣҪǼļˣǸģô˵ģһôôο
׾ƾ΢΢һЦԼİͳ˻ֽɰëʷʯϣȻ˾ȵпʼ˻
ڼʵļʱ;Сȷʵһе㲻һ
ٵ濴Ǹӵķڰ׾ƾƵıѸٵػһɵʱԼƼһһ˷С
ΪԼۻʹһԼ۾ȻŤͷֲԼĶӻԼţͬĿɿڴı飬Ҳ˸ղŵĽ⣿
Ըĸͬеص˵ͷͬҲˣ
֣µصͷ
˵Ŀˢˢֿ˰׾ƾƣ׾ƾƻǶŷ˿Ӱ졣
һţŽнһ˵һۻôô˵ҾۻҲͬʱۻΰɣ
ĹУͳԼЯŻ𿪽˱ȶԡ
Ȼǲ֪ôͼʽǿġ
ȥһɫʺ죬һΪùԭۼǳ֮⣬һģһ
԰׾ƾǸصĴʦ
Լһʱ䶼˵ľȻǣ׾ƾƣͨǸʦԷҲǳ֣
׾ƾƷ±ʣŷεģ˳˵ͷظûҡֻǲ֦ôҶ֪ûиǡ
ԣ
üһţѽ
˭뵽ѧ񲻽ѧϰѧҲҲ̫˰ɣ
ĳȣоԼкöණҪʣǱһѽƿɫĿЩѵؿŷס״ʦǸղҲһʱ̫֮ھȣû뵽ô߳ð֮ʦǧҪһʶ
׾ƾưڰֵôأ֪ҲֻǲŶѡ
˵˽ǰĻȫó˻æͬ԰Сһʦ˵ʲôǾʲô
׾ƾƿŷͬԵһιǸ֮Ǹû
»͸ǣɵŻЩôǲĻҲš
ڣôأ˵ɴáö˭Ӷأ
л˰׾ƾһ֮ȲʦǲȥҼһϸҪҲ֪й˭Ϊʲôǣ
У߰ɡ
úúãʦ룬ǵĳͣǱߵͣ
һߴŰ׾ƾȥͣһ߼˵ŻԺĸ
Щл㱣оԼΡ
ĸΪ׾ƾһۣûԼӵͬͬѧǸʦǶ
˼ССѧϰֺãһѧˣôӾ͸ɶɶУϷһ
뵽ĸ̲סؿһۣĪһ۵Ծίˡ
ûʲô£һı飿
ֲףҲûж룬óֻ˸ϢǲҲ֪׾ƾǴʦ
ɴػظǣȻԼҪ֮ǰָĿǰϾֻ֪׾ƾϲ͵£һҪܡ
ܱܵĻʱֳ֮ǰԷǸ飬㲻ð׾ƾƾ֣ҲЩ飬ʱҵǡ
һ飬ԭҪҫ͸˻ȥ
ԣû׾ƾ˵͵϶ǲϵͬѧ֪ȻҲҳ
ɲңһ׾ƾƲˣйˣǲ궿ˡ


71 
һ, ǰиСԺӣиС԰ӶдǮ֡
طŵŵġ
Ƕڰ׾ƾ˵, Ҳֻͨ, ǰıǷ˼Ĵ
˱֮, Ĵ֮, ϸز鿴һ˵ķ, ΪлãЩѾʧĸɸɾ, Ҳûʲôа
ٿˮǳ, ͲҪٰŪʲôֻǰ׾ƾָǼ£һЩҪĶȥһЩС͹ˡ
ಽظڰ׾ƾƵ, סصͷǣ׾ƾƶԼҷˮĵǲҪά״Ϳ̲֮ס, ֪״ʦҶͬѧҾҶ, ҲڱνĽʦƵҲűߡ
ǽʦһʱ򣬾ֱӷˮãǷˡ
ȻԼûð, Ǽܲס˼˵, ټԱзҺһظ, ʾ֮ǰķסŷ·Ҳû, ʱһã鷳ͽ
һҪʦĻ
ǣټϷװޣסȥûãڽʦķԸ£Ƕ˲ٸƷˮԼǸԩͷ
Щ֪Լƭ֮ͨͨ˳ȥ
ҲùģԷֻƭһƣû¶˵
Ʋ֣ʱ򷴵Ǹ¡
׾ƾôһ˵־мֵϾǹǿܹġ
ѡԼƭƻѡ񱻹˺˶֪ѡĸ
Ǵʦ㿴Ƴ˭ǲ𣿡
׾ƾҡҡͷûԼǹ㲻Ĺϸֻܸ˵ĿǰסķûκεҲûκεа
Ҳųǹһʱ֮ٻ
͵ĵͷһԵĸһ۰Ͱ͵سŰ׾ƾƣԶԶԣҲôģ֮ǰʦ˵֮ܲðͷʵ֤ȷʵˣһǹͻȻðˣǿô죿
Դʦ㿴ʲô취ܹһݣǹһ־ܰʰˡ
Ҳ͵ĸͰԶԶԣ
ɲڰҹʱƼһ˫Ѫɫ۾ôճֿµؿԼ϶ȥϲӲǱ˯ȥ
׾ƾصͷ˵Ҳʲô¡
һݽˣҲҪͷٳʱ
ԵģҾֱв󷨣ǹһ̤룬̾ͻᱻɣûĻᡣ
ֻǸʱҿѧû취ϹĻǸʲôݾͲ̫ˡ
˵͵ͷûϵǹ˾ͺá
ҲһҪ֪ǹݡ
֪ãû취ĻҲǲܽܡ
׾ƾƺǵϣ˳ڵǹպͻȻ֣󷨻֮ǰҲǿǰʼ䡣һҲҪǮ
һ̲סЦԵĶԵģҲҪǮʱǾʣʳãûʳҲ
ҲЦŵͷϹϾѯʰ׾ƾȥĶ󷨡
׾ƾ˵Ժ롣ֻҪǹһⶰ󷨣̾ͻǹǲõĹҪǴӺܽĻô
Ǹ
͵һĴȣĴʦǲһ
ǴʦھͿʼ𣿡
׾ƾƵͷ¥ʱͻȻֵܹصǰԺӵļȫص
Ū֮ٿʵΪʲôʱˣ˵Ǽس˵С⣬ǾҲҪô˵
ŶŶ˼Ӧ£Щ֣Ϊʲô״ʦô˵
ֻΪ״ʦǲ뱻Ƿ֣β󷨣±͵ʦð״ʦǸ߿ˣһգգضˣҲѧġ
һ״ʦӵǾ仰;ƺе㲻ԡ
ʱ֪ˡ
׾ƾ˵ĸĪ⣬ŵز׷ʣԲ°׾ƾӡоǸѧУƽ׽ˣ֮ǰѧУʲôⲻģҲȥʰ׾ƾƵġ
Լ˸ѧеͷϣԳ˾ȴ̼֮⣬ûʲôη֮ġ
ϾʮСС꣬Ĳξǲһ
׾ƾƣʱ֪ѽھͺ֪˵˵
һԼҶ̲סɰƳԴôһ£ԼҶǲĵӣð״ʦᷳ
û뵽ǣ׾ƾƺΪڱΪ֮ǰ˵飬ԷǣûٶҾǹӦòҪǵ˵ڱơ
ĻǹΪҵ󷨳£Ļ֮˱ȻŲ
û˼¼Ҳһ֪Ļᡣ
˻Ȼඥصͷһ£ð׾ƾƿ˶̲סüһЦ
ԭ
ЩյԼͷ˼̫һֻΪҸʲô˽˳𣬶Էˣ鷳ȴû뵽ҲûϵĻ֮˸йϵ
ĻǶԷӦǸʦʶνʦˡ˼ȥҲû˽𰡡
ĸһ£ѵôûУǸʦҺͲ𣿡
ɽʦǸƭ𣿡
ȻԷǸƭӴʦЩֶƭˣѱʶ汾µĴʦ
°ͣĸ˵Ҳмֵ
ԽԽǷ˷ҺͣԼϹˣ˵Լĺѡ
׾ƾûٸǶ˵ʲô˼֮󣬱㿪ʼ
վһԣϳÿˡ
ͼ׾ƾɰֽͦεվǶʼ˷һλɲʯϣջ͸ؼһ
Ƿڰ֮Уһɰ׾ƾëдд
ֻ֮һŷͺ񱻰װʲôһ㣬Թɵطɵһ䡣
˳ŷķȥ֮󣬾ͷŷȻʧƲӰˡ
գգۣͷȷʵǿŷʯͷϣǷأ
һΣΡ
ŷȫʧ
һŷʧʯͷϺֻ׾ƾнӡɿ죬ɳʯƮƮŮ·Ϊˡ
ɫޱ飬Ĭ͸һׯ֮Уָӡɿ죬ľٶŵͻȻɢһƵĽ⣬⸡ֵʱԼƼƺд˷䡣
ǿΪ𾪡
ͺѧЧƬһ̫ţƺˡ
ȵһлָ粻ˣʯͷˣҲʧˣ׾ƾƲŷ̧֣ۿǣĿºֵͣѳɣһйἤ
˸л֣Ų̤󷨰벽ǽȥ֮󷨡
׾ƾʧЦᣬֻҪûдۣ󷨾Ͳ⡣ǶͨˣͲ֪͸õĻˡ


72 
Ű׾ƾðС˵ֵЩ, Ծ͸˼ѪһȥҪʰ׾ƾʲô󷨣ǲǴ˵С˵Щν, ץ, ߰İ׾ƾƶᡣ
һԼҶڲŴʦЩеûһԴ, һȥ, Ҫŵʦ̸
һԹԼԴ, ܵһԸĸߡ
ĸûش˴Ķͷ֪ʲô, 㻹ȥⲻǷ𣿡
Ժ˺, ʲô˲ģ׾ƾƻͬͬѧأлʵ׾ƾЩģھͰʱʩĵôõϰְɣ
һĲ֮, Ǹ죬͸˿ڱһ̹ﶼˡ
֮ǰ׼õпһŵݸ˰׾ƾ, ״ʦ̫ллˣ֮ǰ˵õı̫, һϣʦҪ⡣
ͷĴʦץ򵽼ʮ򲻵ȣʲôλС
֪Խǵͼλ, Խǿɹƭ, ûʵѧ
ɼǵ˸߼λʮ, Ҳûһá
Ե˻֪֮λʦ۶ʮ, ͸оԼ˱һ
ڰ׾ƾƲ»˻һǸôһ󷨣Ҫǣ״ʦ˵ˣֻҪһղƣһնаǵķӣ󷨻һԵġ
ǹ󷨻ܣֻҪͻܼãҷԺжǵĽҲǳ档
֮طã𣬵ʱᲹһ£֤ȱ
Ҳ˵ܹѭʹãǼƽƽûκණɧţһıøӽ٣Ҫǰ״ʦۺ
˵ʮһΣԺǺǻܣ෴ģۺյۺѾ͹ˡ
Լ۱֮ߵİ״ʦô˼ֻʮ˵ȥԼڿ״ʦ
һͺţƣЩʦûĸ˵һ󷨵ģĵǲ١
׾ƾҡҡͷ⵹ҪۣʮǶʮ򡣡
ǾòĻʱҲƼǵҰæ⡣
һǻҵĻ۸ͲˣһοʮҲֻһ¿˵ĳʼۡ
׾ƾҲģ֮ǰ˵˶ʮǾǶʮֻۣͯʮҲֻΪǰ֪ԼԿ˸̽·ļǮѡ
ȵպ۸Ȼ᲻һ
͸·һһһġ
·һ󷨣ǮǺУ·һԼԶԷıԽԽߣͲҪ׾ƾ˵ʲô·һ֪ݸӦƥʲôļλ
ദ
һ⻰Ͷˣĸû֮ǰſ͵׾ƾƵǰȻʾԻ״ʦúһ
Իһɵ㶵ǵģǰ׾ƾ㲻˵֪Щ𣿲ȻĻҲרһæѧУͬѧ顣
׾ƾƿӣʼ磬û˵ǶʱҲˣȻûĻҾȻѧУˡ
Ͻð״ʦæôãһҪԶٷ
׾ƾҡҡͷܾˣˣԶٷҪ˷Ѳʱ䣬һҪȥѧϰء
Ӧ֪ȥþ¿ֲμľʱǳֻҪͻѧУͳɣպ˵
Ȼ׾ƾദ࣬Ҳ֪ʦ˵һӣҲûȰֻԽ
˼źúѧϰϣٿӣԽԽˡ
׾ƾƻѧУ֮תͷžһ٣ѧУúõĸ׾ƾѧϰùϵ
ԾԼܵ˿ࡣ
ţţղ˵ǻӣɵ㶵ǵģʦͬѧ֪Լݣǿ϶дʦԭʦܾͳɣôϻ
ίͰͣŭĿӵӣҿȴǶ²ۣ˲кĵһô
֮ǰ׾ƾƶشˣû뵽ûأⲻûϵ
˺ˣҪ˵Щˣܹôɵؽ£ﶼˣϳȥԴ͡
Ү
һ̫˵ĲС
ǳԱصѾߵ㣬ĸɳϿŵӣصԼķ俪ʼϷ
ʱλƣһڶΪҹһȥϴ裬Ȼ˯ʮʱƺͻȻ졣
˯µŴоһǺ
һ飬Ͼܵڣһƿ㷢ִʦ粼Ǹ󷨽ķͺӣϹ
Щķ֮ƺһ塣
Ϊ̫ԶĲ塣
һҲͷƤ飬ֱеؽĸ
쿴쿴Ǹˣʦ󷨸סˡ
ĸ־ſڴƣЩ߶£ϹҪȥ𣿡
ʱ򣬻Ű״ʦ˵һֲҪǮȥʣһƣĸȥȶˡ
޸Ƶſڴǹ˻֮ʱоԼϹιʱƼԼҵùӣҪƵǰ
һûιȥСǲҪ
ĸҲǼͷ󺹣˲ԼİΣæҲ˳ȥ
ԼŶܳȥˣȻסһҲ׷˳ȥ
ĸ׷ԼҶһקסʱ󷨵Ľǿƣô룬Ƽ˵סĶ
ǶĿѪ鲼ڿǵʱ͵ıüԭЩ͸ƺǿһЩ
ûãԽסķҲԽǿʢֻ궼˽ȥ
ԿӶˣ˵ͱ˵Ҫĸĸһһֻ첲Ӳظק˱
קȥ֮Ȼ뵽˼أûпĸԼҶӣԼȥء
ͨ¼ǰԺտյʲôûУû󷨣ûн⣬ҲûйǺĶ
ƫƫ̽ڵʱ򣬷Ƽͬһ㣬Ƕϵزʳ
Ҳ̫˰ɣ
ҲͲ¼¼ʲô
ٴ¥ͼԼҶӸŻ˺Ǿôõһᣬǹʲô̫ϧ
ĸǾЩʲôÿģûԼù
ʳ֮䣬ĽȻʧˣ˲ͷƽ˾
̽ͷѾʧǶҲƲ
̫϶ǶѾˣ
óֻ˻ΣҪһʰ״ʦ
ֹѧʱȥʣʱŰ״ʦ˯ˡ
Ͼѧ;ˡ
ԵͷҲС
ĸЩ£ղһĻ̫ˣٶҲͦġʮ򻨵ֵ̫ˣ
Ҳüɫ裬ɲ𣿡
⣬ǻΪʦҵúãģ
л˵


73 
˽ͷ, ټѾǰҹһиĲС
ŹǷԻȥ˯, 컹ҪϿΡ
Ե黹, 뵽ҪҲֻܹԹԵػȥ˯
´û, Ժľ
û, һ, ĸҲȻȥʣôˣôˣй˰ɣ
ĥӦ, ֮ǰйʱ򣬾û춯, ӦС͵
ǣֻֻżAPPģԲҪž֪
һAPP, ͷǴſиˣʻ״ſǶ, ϰſڵģԴ˾
һ, ʲô˭ѽ
ϵ˺
߶Ǹͷһ
׼ŻѶԷʱĸȴͻȻץסĸ첲, һ㤵ض, 㿴ǵǲѪ
˵, ԭſһ˺Ȼ˶, һһѪ쭵һ´ӿ˹˼ȦڵϻԲѡ
򣬼ַ˾
Ϊ浹ػԣģһɴ۾૳ⲻǽʤǸһ𣿡
ʲôʤǸƭӾȻҳ֣
ĸһʤ֣ü⹷ҳǰ
㿴ɲǽʤ𣿡
Ҳ˼ѣʤΪʲô֣
Щֲס
ҪǣԷһѪſſһǵĴ
Ͻ˾ھ쵽֮ǰҲҳţ¶Էǹ⵹ɣһһǾ鷳ˡ
Ϊ澯ԭԭ˷ܵ˯žԴʱҲһ˫èͷӥ۾ܵĸķ䣬һ˷ܵʲôôˣС͵𣿡
ˣҲûȥ˯Ҫ£ǵ֮ǰǸƭӽʤͻȻǼſڣҲ֪ô£͵һѪ͵ſڲˡ
ҵŪЩʲô۶ӣԱ˾Ⱦ
һӾԶȫ
Բۣϰ裬˵ʤ᲻ղǸййϵ
⻰ô˵
ƣǵĿнʤǸƭӣԷ϶û汾£û汾µĻôйϱߡ
ǻǲǵ֮ǰ׾ƾƸ˵˵йؿǣȴ˺ǣ
ĸͬͷǼǵá
Ϊǵãȷʵе㲻ԣǸйҪǵĻΪʲôֻ֣ÿϣجΣһǣ
Ҳ˵ȥ
Ҳû룬뵽ʤͻȻѪεǼſڣǲʲô±ˣѧС˵ôдģһЩòȻĴʦֽܹĳЩԼһֳĻЩʦҲ⵽ɡ㿴󷨸ˣתͷǾƼƭϴһѪǼſڣⲻͶ𣿡
⡪
ĪԼҶӵⷬ۾Ȼеӡ
ĻΪʲôҪƭǣ
˼һ֮־еվסš
ϾʱʤҺͶԻʱķ˾ԩͷˣҷҺͻպƭǮܹõɡ
ҪĴʦĻֺαظҺɣҺôҪ
ĴʦĻôΪ˾ʧ룬ڷҺͺ滹·ˣ
ּ󲻾˵˾
Ҳе±ƣϾܹԼĴʦӦҲе˰ɣеĴʦΪʲôƭˣ
˵СԴ涼벻ԭ򣬵ǲô˵˶ʲôûɫͶˡ
ӵľķǳѸ٣Ǹϵʱ򣬾ȻҲոյ
ûҪоȻģĸ
ҽԱһ½ʤţͽ˴ȥҽԺ
ǽңϸѯʵ׷ʲô
ʵĺܣͷƭǼ˵
Ͼ˰ǰͱھǱбġ
򾯷ٴṩ˷ҺͳҸϢ˵Щʱǳ
ϾѾظˣ˵ɲ͵ٷɿ죬ɡ
ҪǶԷ֮ǰӵǸĻظ
¼ٴȷϵ˼ͻȻѪεſڣʤˣĺթƭ㼸ʮǮҴ֮֮زز첻֪ô£Էֳſڣ˾㷢֣㱨˾ô𣿡
æصͷԶԶԣô£֮ǰҲģȥ飬ͻᷢ־Ǳұ¼ġ
ͷģǻ֤ġ
ղ˵ǴҹľˣŴ򿪼ط˲ԣܲܰѽϵļظǿһ£
Ȼԡ
ǳϵصԼֻȻ󽫽˽ʤſڵĻ档
ͼʾʮʮʱ򣬽ʤһ˹ҵıſڣľֹ֣ƺڸ˵˵֮󣬾վſڿһ
ţ֮󣬽ʤüͷԽԽƺЩһ뵥ؿڣɫƺ״ЩԾ
Ȼ󣬼ػʾʼֲϵر仯Ŷ˵Щʩ档
ΪûЧԭһٶȥ͸ɵ档
ЩĪľٶ֮󣬽ţʤȻɴ۾ȻһѪ⧲ӿлǰľ̲ס㶡
ɶԷǲﺬ˸ѪҧƣܽǿѪ³
ǿѪ֮󣬽ʤƺЩסˣκڵϴ˹òˣؿڣĵؾſȥ
ΪŽգ˵ſڵʱûƿţǴ˾
֮󣬽ʤûǹһʱ֮ͻȻһѪϵӿţ˴ˤڵϣ²֪
ٺ棬ǾȻĵ
֮ʱؼһ䣬ĪſǼſڣһЩˣҸŻ˵Ų֪ʲô£һѪˣһѪƽڵϾͱⲻ֮ǰƭǵĽʤǾ͸Ͻ绰˾ִ˾Ȼ
ûгȥΪ֪һǲǴɻ˵ˣʲôֶδһʡһֱڣֱǵ
ͷݼƵߣʾǻȥҽԺʤһµ̾ͻ֪ͨǡ
һµصͷھ뿪ʱظظǿǿͬ־һҪһҺͣͻȻҼңҴһ٣ûӰϵģ⽯ʤֹسҼſڣôһϷʵǻǲֺҡǿɵǧҪ


74 
֣µصͷ, ģǿ϶ˮʯٵ¡
ǺúϢ, ܻʲô, ٸ˽⡣
õĺõģ鷳ͬ־ˡ
߾֮, Ҳûʲô˵Щʲô, Ѿ賿, ѾסˣŹܻȥ˯ˡ
ĸ˯ǰ˵һ, 鶼ġ
ڶ죬ӵĴݲ, ʹȦȴèɫϴ֮¥
ճ͵ûκεĶ, ֪ƻû˯ء
ʱԾ̲סЩĽˣ, ѧ
ȻԼϰĴ˸, ͱ˵ϰ࣬Ҳѧ˯ɶʱ˯ɶʱ
ʲôʱҲܸϿ쳤, 
һ߸п, һߴŹǷ, ͣ;͸ѧУ
һ༶, ƼǶӢĵʵİ׾ƾơ
۾ݵһ¾˳ر׾ƾλȥ
ǶأԵ˰ζ
֪׾ƾƸԼæ׽˵ģǰ׾ƾֻ˵˸Ҹ˸󷨣ûЩʧ
ʱˣİ״һӾš
׾ƾƣˣʮʱǸˣ
ôţ
Եɴ۾ţֹǰİ׾ƾȴƽɫ侲Աݵʱ滹߶ŵʣ˳ڽӻ󷨽ǹˡ
ɲ𣿡
͵һ鱾ɰһ
һۣⲻŵõô𣿡
Ժ˺ߣһûмӣ֪׾ƾƲǸж𣿡
֪ǹô󷨸ʲô֪ţƸʲôҸ㣬ҿǿװףǹʲôҶ֪
һɪӣӲѹеۣװһмӣʲôõģǿĵɵӣ
˵ˣƾƸҹϵôãǿǺùۣҪ뿴ƾƣܲҿǲǰƾƣ
˵ţư׾ƾƵĸ첲ŤͷƴգۣһҪǰӡ
׾ƾǣӦ͵ǣôô
õ׼ȷˣֱͦ˲ӣûУǼʶ١
ĺܣԼΪʲôŮģΪʲô׾ƾƲеģĻĹϵ϶á
׾ƾƶԴֻܱʾһɡ
ˣҲأ淢ʲô˵
Ա˵ģΪʤ飬ҲɻԼˣǸ˰׾ƾơ
׾ƾ˵йǲǸʤйϵȥֻԭйϵĻǽʤӦͦģΪʲôᵱƭӣûϵĻйµʱ򣬽ʤôö˶˵Ҳ˿Ѫҷǻй֮϶йϵͺС˵д֮ʲôԼڣٲȻѧлһֿԦĴڡ
׾ƾֻۣԦĻôǹ£Ϊ˵ĽʤκεķӦҲ⵽ɡֻ֮йϸŻˡҸǰǸͣΪʲôȴǱΪƭӣҾͲȷˡ
ϾְַǸƭʱʲôҲ֪Բ֪ΪƭӣйԼֻǸ⡣ĿӦ󡣡
ͻǲȻ׾ƾҲҽԺȥһǽʤĻǲǾƳȻ
׾ƾбۿֵ˷Ͽεʱ𣿡
һСѣиԼı£˵һͷѪͷӶѪͱٲȻǸɵӡȻǩͬԼԼ
ɶͬ尡
Ը֪ؿ׾ƾƣϵĺһޡ
׾ƾĵظǽһͬͱʾǵǹģһܵ˺һ⵽ͬĴͨ˵ǲɵҪһͬԼһԳԹ£һΪ£ûһ᲻Ҫ䣬ԸԼԼȡԷ˼Ķദ
ԭ˰
˻Ȼ죬ҾӦǽʤǸԼѧղ㲻ðԼˣֶԼ
͵ĵͷԶԶԣҲôõģϾˣ벻Լأ
ȻҲ˵˸֮û氮ֻǾúԲ̫󡣡
ǸֱУ˵ģǲǿԲȫûܣǽʤûƼʮüˣһƽƽǸйҲʮ˰ɣһɷģǶ벻Ҫһԡ
ǵЦͣ
౷飬ۣû˵ǣЩԼǸǳĳ磬ȴǷǳĺ
⽯ʤҲĶԼ̫˽⣬ԲŻŪҲֻ˵ù˰ɡ
׾ƾҲҽԺκ֮תͷץԼ£ΪͬԼֻҪһ£һҲ˶ˡ
йѾɢǽʤָһ㣬֪ʱ޶ࡣ
Ǳ߼ȻѾʼô׾ƾҲûʲôòֵġ
ֻԣйʤҲûмûǻе֪ΪʲôҪҵĻóϽʡ
ҪʲˣʹߴپǱٶȿ㡣
ԸϽͷصԼλõʱͳַֻ˸Ϣ˵һ½ʤǸй֮ԼֱʾйˣʤҲûӿɻˣȥҾ˽ʵʱ
յԼҶϢ˯֮УֻϢѣϢû⣬˵ֿʼ绰ˡ
ͨ籨ϵԽӵֵĻظ֮˼Ͳҵ
̲ͬסüһԣʲôʱѧĹϵôˣǶ˵˵ЦЦûˡ
ҧһɪسգգۣôΣѧǿҹϽرҡ
ͬ
תͷŻֵرʾԼ
ŲĻ
һߣΪҹҴУ´ŵʤڶʰԼŴ˸绰׼ȥպһ佯ʦͱֻͷ֪ԷҽԺ

֣Ͻһ½ʤڵҽԺ֮󣬾ʹҴҵع˵绰׼Ϲȥ
ȫֻ֪ͷǾԼͶˡ
ǵԼòҵ¼Ī¡
ܲסصĴˡ


75 
𼱻ǵش绰츺ӵ⾯ٵʱ, ⾯ٱʾȥҽԺ·ϣղŽӵҽԺ֪ͨ˵ʤˣֹۡ
嵽, ҪҽԺ֪, Ҫż
󼱼ææͬ־, ֪ļһ, ʵǱˡǸƭӽʤ, ö˶ſͻȻôһ̲ѪҪǳ, Ӧøûϵİɡ
⾯ٱʾֻҪģʤѪȻǸûйϵ
˵ͷ, ȻȻǵǱκϢǵһҪ֪ͨҡ
ϵҽԺ⾯ѯһҽڽʤڵҽŲ, ۾Щ˼ܵصˣƢ, ڳѪأ״ǳ, ΢ICUҲֻ
ǳΣҪʱ֪ͨߵļ
⾯üͷ, ҽ֪ôɵ𣿡
յصļѹײ, ˼ز, ŻѺڳѪصĺ
⾯ʶҡͷ, ܣû¡
⽯ʤڼƵ棬ȾûأҲûܵײԲѽ
ҽñָָ״ôǵҲܺ棬ʱ򣬻߷ʲô飿ܵˣɱһļѹײҪصĶࡣ
⾯ٻԼڼ¼ϿһĻҲʵ±ơ
ƽվţҲµ
ҽܽȥ¼ڹ𣿡
ҽǿڵľͷܲȻţҲ֪ʲôʱֻԹȥҪ¼ڹĻ죬ŲǸʱ򡣡
õģллҽ
⾯ץʱICU
ʤɫҰף΢ϴŸ֣˳ֳһɫͺһ
⾯ҲǳĵǣʤҪˣӾеͷˡ
ʤʤõ˵𣿡
ʤ۾ֻƼһģӰԼǰл֣Ӧ𣬵ǴӺֻܷ΢Ǽŵ졣
⾯ֻܿʤǷҪ˵ŵһ룬Էһ£ر˻ȥʼԡ
⾯һţ񰴴ͷҽûԶָ˻
ҽ㿴ֻȥˣô죿
ҽһʾĿǰʤ״ǳ⣬Ѷ˵ǳѣ⾯Ҫ¼ڹĻù
ҽܽĻ⾯ҵļһ棬׼׼ˡ
⾯٣
޿κεؿŻеĽʤ˼һӦô졣
ϣڽʤϣӦûˡ
ʱﴧŵ֤ʤֻԷһ佯ʦ⾯˲üͷ΢˸⡣
ҹ齯ʤʱ򣬷ϵǳ򵥣δδһֱһסڸ߶СƽҲٸܱھӽӴҲ֪ʲôġ
ֻǼ򵥲һ£ڲʲô
ΪһȽѵͻƿڣû뵽Ȼ
⾯پͽʤڵҽԺַ˶ԷöԷϽ
Ҷϵ绰֮⾯ϣ˵ķҺͻиղͨ绰ַ˵֡
⾯ٱҺӦҲҪǿҪ
ܴܹ֪ڽʤ顣
ǣҽԺߵȴ绰ͷ˹һ绰˾ͬ£ǸϽȥҺ͡
ٴα˵Һ͵ʱ򣬾Ѿ˸ڵ֪Һ͸ҽԺĽʤйϵʤˣǾ׵һ
ͷ߶ӣȥҲˣܿǾ͸Ҹļأһ·ѯ˷Һ͵ټ
ͨԼ̼·˵ѯʣշַҺͽС
СǡǡǽʤסС
С֮󣬵һʱ͸Сϵϣ鿴һյļأַҺСġ
Сֱ֮ΪֹûмԷС
СſڣÿһŵļǶȷ˷Һûгȥ
Ҳ˵ԷڽʤļС
ѲҵԿף˽ʤҵķš
һУ;һ˾쬵ġ
װ޸ǹڳ˸̲ס˶ϵļƤ
Ĵܲ͸磬ģûһ˿͸
ҲˣƫƫһųľӣϷһ˵λ
һƵʱ򣬾⧲ضλŵòг
Ҳ̫˰ɣ
˭ڼôɭµλ
ҳȥλ֮⣬洦ɼַٲȻ˹ͷ
֪Ǹ⽨թƭйأû뵽ƭӾȻôҵԼķ䶼õôɭֲ
͸˽Ѳܵʱ򣬾;ûôëȻˡ
尡
ǣⷿһһ飬ûзַҺ͡
֣ѵҺͲûҽʤ
ȻˣǱ˳˽ʤеһЩûʲô
һڿ߶֤ݵʱ򣬺ȻԼŵµשɫе㲻ԡ
שש֮϶ıԵе㰵ɫĺۼͺѪɿ֮ӡ
óߵƣôһգשֳɫӦ
Ǿ֪̾æѪӦϽҷҽ
ҽڰСʱ󼱴Ҵҵظϵֳһ⣬ԭѪ緢ĳ棬ȡЩѪҺ
ӦþǰֳǲǷҺͣд֤
ڳľ˵ͷͷûзҺ͵DNAҪô⣿
ʱǰִשԵڵ֮ǰʱ֪Һ͸ǰиŮֻҪŮDNAѪҺDNAжԱȣ֪̾ǲǷҺ͵ġ
ҲǸ⡣
ҽѪҺȥ⣬ҲһΪһּڷʣǲȥҷҺ͵ŮȡѪҺ
ڷеľһٵ̺ʽعעһϵλ
Ѿ˷λڼңУҲչ˵׵ǰãľͷѾѣɫĺܣҪǿλʱ򣬴Ҿ;ɭɭģëȻĸо
ȥ⣬ҪķֱǽʤȻλ²һӡ
Ƿӣ˲ÿ涼ᱸעһЩ
ϸ㷢Щǽʤķ֤ݡ
һҳҳȥ߲ܺ°λ
ҷʱٲȻ㿴֡
潯ʤעǣҺ͵ѣⱻԼҺƭ飬ðƽһţȻҲܽһ׽͸ǰ𲽣Ǯ𡣡
üͷ壬ﻹе
ƽ˭


76 
Ǻ֮, ĿⲻԾصղǸ˾Ϣǳλ棬ֱλεдƽ֡
֪ΪΣһĻľ˸ս, Բ, ƽƽɣ
ôܣڿǿѧʱ, ʲôִڣ
ǿǾ, Ĺ, Щаܳ֡
ôжһƽ, оǾëȻӲͷƤ, ϸؽȫһ飬ȷû©֮󣬲ŽⱾӸλһߡ
ѲӴ֮ϸоһд, ƽƵʷǳߡ
ÿζΪЩ߲ܺŽʤܹ׽ɳƽǣ֮, δζһʴˡ
ʤǸ߷թƭ֮, ֱ˷ָ
Ҳð참ľԼ֮ͬǰϳֵǸʦ
ԷҲνķ⽨ŵֶΣƭȡ֮ǰĵըӼη
ηɷǸƭӣ߶õɱ
, òǽʤҲĳ˷еĲԾ, תְɣ
Ƕǿ⾯ٴȥļƵ, ʤʱ߿һ, ͻȻ֮ĪؾͿʼѪڼ䣬Χûκγˡ
Ҫ˵ղ⾯ٴ绰ǽʤĿǰ״ѪѹµģҲж͸˵ͨˡ
û˿ʤҲûڼƵ￴ʲôֳָָոһƣʤôͳأ
ظϵؿ֮ǰļƵһŮָָǰ潯ʤڸ˵ӣ̲סëֱ˵ǲʵʤڸ˵Ǹ˵
ǸǴλϵƽ
ŮôһᣬΧűʼǱƵǷ׷׼ƤˣֻͷƤ飬
żƵʱûжˣЩƽʤôǣǽڽʤҵλⱾСӣٿĻ棬˲ԾؾͶ˶ÿϵı鶼ÿ
٣е㾪㤰
ʲôأʲôǲҪԼԼ˵׼ǽʤԼвȻֳʲôҩѪأȥƽ˭ʤʲôϵУųϵϿͻȻ֪˽ʤǸƭӵ飬ԲϵҲҪȥһ
˿СֻͷˣҲ̫˰ɣ
Һýʤһﲻ̫ϲʹõӲƷϰñʼ¼ϣÿ˺涼ḽżַͥ绰룬һ˺ܶࡣ
ټж˵ıעŲҲǳķ㡣
ϸʱŷʼһЩͻʤƭȡǮƲ࣬Ǽǧ򣬵ȵ棬֮ǰʮͻϱӴʮ򵽰򲻵ȡ
о̲סһЩ˵ôƵģ⼸͵ó
һӷˡ
ͷ۵ǽʤΪʲôѪӣǾͲ֪ӷôµֵġ
ǽͷ
ȫԸЩͬʱҲ˸绰⾯٣ڽʤļûҵҺͣڷ淢ѪӦѾȡѪҺ֤зҽ⣬ɷҺͿˣѪҺⱨҺŮDNAʱǻ֪ͨ⾯١
⾯ٽӵϢ֮ɫԽû뵽һթƭȻһ⽯ʤǺôӣ
ҵҺ͵ʬ𣿡
ûУҲûзֽʤȥʱд͵⼸γŶֿտգǴŸСǿǽҺʬʬ壬ֻôۼ
Ҳʤ˺ż¼ûзйʬĹߣҲûзƵķֳ
Ǻ֣ѪӦֳôһ̲ѪҺͿ϶ģʶûҳκһʬ׵ĺۼ
ʬȥˣҲ֣ͬ¼ڼѰ֤ݣûпǽʤװһ͵͵ؽʬ˳ȥֻ˰æ˳ʬ塣
֮⣬ͬ»ڽʤзֵǹֵλֵǸСӡ
涼Ǳƭܺ˵ϣ챨ˡиܹ죬Ǳ߽˸Ͻڵ绰˵᲻š
⾯˵ţ˲֪ʲôʱ򵽣ǽԼʱ䡣
ǳɣҸ㣬׼
һʼ⾯룬Ҫʲô׼սʲôµİûӴ
ͬ˵ĹƽԼϰƽ֮ҽԺ¶ˣȴǼëȻֻԼë䲻ؾ
ǲҲŵˣ
̲ͬסЦɲ֪ʱ䷢ʱûгʤΪƭˣŬԼļҸôɭֲجε𣿡
⾯ٹ绰͸򲡴ɻԵĽʤ˳˼
ԭΪֻһͨͨ÷⽨ֶթƭİӣû뵽漰һһǣôһķ¼
ͬ˵ģʤթƭ͸ߴＸǧ򣬼ֱ֡
ʱ򣬽ʤֻ춯绰ˡ
ѾҽԺѯʽʦסĸ
⾯˵һ²ţõصŶԷ
ҴҵظϵʱͼICUſһˣ˿ȥʮ꣬üӢʳȣʶüͷ
֮ǰʤһΣûмʤ߻ôһ׳ˡ
ãʦôˣ
⾯ٲɫؿۣȻأҽ˵ٳ⣬ѪȲֻܵ
ʧɫôܣŸʦͨ绰ʮ㻹˵ҹȥģôܺȻ֮أ
⵽Ƿʲô
⾯ҡҡͷʾԼҲǼʦĪһѪѪ֮ҽԺҽ˵ˡ
飬ĥ⾯˵Ļòǽʦ׽ʱ򱻹˰ɣ
ôùɣòҵһ¼Ҿôˣ
λ
أʻ˳ڱǺʦͽܣʦû˵𣿡
ʦĸʦ
⾯ٵķԭЩһӷӦˣؿŶԷ㲻֪ʦʦʦѣǽʦߵ᲻֪
⾯һЦóԼľ֤ãǾ졣

죿
ôö˶˵ģͱˣ
⹷ƾڸͨ绰ʱûб¶ݰ֣ⲻλεƭͶ
ԣûʲôΥͷ飬ʲôͶڵġ
ŵز˲Լĵĺʦ죬һ֪϶鷳ġ
л˵


77 
ʤ漰һ׮, üթƭթƭߴǧ, Ϊ, Ҳΰ֪ĸ߾Ͼ鰸
⾯˵, ɫʿˮ, ̾Լǹùġ
Լò״ʦİѳ, תۼͶǹġ
æͷ, ʾԼһϾ齯ʤİӡ
ʵҸʦ죬ֻʦ, ⲻǸһʱûԴ绰飬û뵽ͳˡ
ʦղ˵ĺʦ
æͷǵǵġ
ӵתһȦ, ⾯ٵ˼Է񲢲֪ʦ飬ǲǴֻҪƲ彯ʦ, ·
˵ĺʦòǰƭ˶ηǸʦɣ
⾯˵⻰ʱ۾ض, ܿ㷢֣üͷԾضһ£, Ǳ˵ˡ
⾯ٵ͵һ, һʦ, һʦ, ͬһթƭųġ
⾯ɻЩνĴʦǴͬһֶ֯թƭܺߵǮ
թƭӵͽôܻǺˣ
϶Ҳһš
Sеľڸ⾯ٲ֪Ǳߵ˳ɾ©֮㣬϶ܷŹ
⾯˵Ǿ仰֮͵׹ϲԾҲðС顣
˵ѺƹȥȻģǰһȻľѾ϶ʦǸ˺ѵĺʦ
ıӶС顣
ôţѵλʦթƭйأ
һ飬æ֣Ҹûϵ
ȻǺʦͽܣʦûкúý̵ǣҲûнʲôǰǵӵĸ˵顣ƭǮҲȫԼˣ͵ǵ֡
⾯ۣ˵ĻԻ̬ȡ
һSеľȷǸ
ǰһڣֻ֡
˵˵ʤ֮飬Ҳ²ʱˣҪɣ
˲ϵĺεֻϵһ¸飬ټʦȥˣǺѣҲŻͨ绰جġû뵽ʦȻҲˡ
⾯Ҳ˷ʱ䣬ϻкܶھĵ㣬ɴֱӽ˾Ѷ
ͬµ֪Ȼҵôһ׷Ħȭƣ˷
Ѷҵĵĺˮֱðǰɫľ죬ΰûԼôô嶯
ȷʵҲͳ˲ٶνĺʦʦʵڡ
ʦʦó󷨣ʤʦó׽
ⷬľ

ɣǲǱʦϴˣ
ʲôó׽ⲻƭ˵
Ѷ֮ǰ֯˲Ա˽ʤСϵЩԱ˻ǵýʤСǰֵϣ˾ýʤͽǸƭӣƭôǮǸðһûɡ
ڵ֪齯ʤɶԷǸթƭ֮Ǹֻͷѡ
ʾѹǮǼ˷ȥʱͷ˶ûˡ
ǶǺüǰ飬ΪȽرǶǵá
ԴҲǽǲҪţҪſѧ
ƭĿųǣĽܣýʤд£ۼ׽Թ˵ĿǣǽǾԹҪоη֮ģϻкܶණǿѧͲ˵ģľ˵ҡͷ
Сӵĺ벿֣ҲǽʤթƭԽԽЩˣǵУʤһǳ׽ʦ
ҵһһ绰ȥʹ󣬱㷢ֽʤթƭһڵġ
ʼʱ򣬶Щ˵ѽܽʤʶ˵ῴˮ׽Ϊʤϵãæ֮гտ¡
ȥ귿ӵĽʤ˵Ƿˮã¶ˡ
ţ鷢Щ˺ҹ˹
Ȼŵðýʦ˵̫ˣͳһǮ뽯ʦץ
ʦǻܿͽǹȻȥģ϶ûǹĳ֣Ҳͻָƽ
ݶԾɽʤӦڸǿˮʱǵķ˵ֽţŻΪй˻˾޶ȥҽʤ׽
ʤȥǷʱ˳ŽֽƳȻȻǹͲˡ
֮ǰЩΪʱھԶǾ֤Ҳûа취ҵӸɾǽڷġ
һãҷҺ͵ʱر˷Һ͸ʤ֮ĶԻ֪ǺҪֶƭǮŭҺ֮·ˡ
Ĳ״ԷѾƲǷծۣǰ޾ΪĻ顣
·˱ƭʱһģһ
ֻá
֮󣬾Ҳ鵽һֱϵҴʦӦǽʤǵСˡ
ڱʱû˵
˻绰ʹ
ʾԼȷʵ˲ٵĴʦԭˣǺԼͲˣ֣Ҳ֪ΪʲôֻһжãûȥҴʦˡ
˵ʱﻹͦŵģ¾ţû뵽֮ûʲô
ץסᣬ˾ӽеôˣ
ʤô˵ĻѾҵ֤ݣ֤ʵ˽ʤȷʵǸթƭӡ
Ѿǵһƭܺߡ
ܶܺ߶һǾνѽܣȻȿˮˮʱǷ䶯˵ֽţܺΪȥҽʤ׽˱թƭʮ򵽰򲻵ȡ
ȻѣԭˣǸӦǸʤйϵҺпܾǽʤթƭǵĹ߹
ѹǹҹǣȴֺǣͷȥҽʤ
ǣǿ϶벻Լ֮ǰҵ˰׾ƾʦֱӽʤ
뵽̤ʵˣȻѾҵԭͲٵˡ
ֻԼãҺӻŻᵽù¡
ǧл֮ҲͰϢԣĩһҪ׾ƾԶٷúٸлл
Ҳһʯͷжϲظ˵Ѷﾯ̹֡
սսϾʱ仹ֻ֪ôʦ²׬Ǯȫ֪ӦЩְԱ
ҪʦҲ˵ƽߣûǧЩɲһץ鷳رࡣ
ҲᵽˣرĽ˾
΢˵»ѣͻᱻ֣⾯͸һԽ
棬ƹˤԼùҲñ˺ùģԼ֪ĹһЩʦʶĴʦͨͨ͸¶˳ЩѾֵʦֵǡ
ùҲù
ߣϣǱ߿϶Ҳ鴦


78 
һ̹, ϲ̵˳ץ˲ˡ
оΰ֮ǰһֱ׷ٵڤ鰸ӡ
ΰ⾯ǴһвͬϽֻΪ⾯شڷ⽨թƭӣ֮ǰѵĶɱ˰ҲеĹ, ټı, еĴʦǻǷֲͬթƭġ
е׽е, еǿˮ, еǲ, һڤ顣
ڤİӣϽǰʱձһȽصġ
ڤ鰸ӵҪԱǻδҵ, һߵıϣ⾯ϵΰ, Ϣ͸¶
ΰл֣æسʱϽ֡
ͬʱ SߵľҲʱ䣬⾯, һ˸ᡣ
˵ǽԷ⽨ֶթƭصİӡ
永ߴǧ򣬲һǣ˺ü
ҪĴʦǲ֪»
Դ˿˵Ǹ߶, չŻ
ȻݷŻǻҲʷԴԶ, ǲڵġ
˵˵ߴð˴ôݣʮоŸЩ
Ҳǽֵǵһ
ƽʱ, Ҳ̫ࡣ
, Ͳһˡ
ǻһ֯Ŷӵķ, , ʶӣЩŻһһôԵǵΡ
⼫شʵİҲǾƳ⽨ţ̵ҪЩеüޡ
ˣѧУŴ£һֻʥѧĳһͻȻҲѧУ˲ٳ˲ٵĺ
#Ʒ⽨ţƳ¹ªף·硣#1
ѧǼʱָֻź˵Ц˼û˼顣
ǰ׾ƾƼ֮ĥӦΪηɻҵİʹþһּǿ˾
⻹Ǻ¡
Ͼе֪۵Ĵʦ̫ˡ
̫ѧ˵è򣬾һ˼ҪƭǮҲľѧ˵ĲΡ
ЩͬģĴʦҲû֮ء

ѧУٽ¿ʱ򣬸ѧǵĸ߿Ҳٽˡ
߿ǰϦٻܵ˸߶һҰ׾ƾƸ
ٵʱ򣬰׾ƾǻͦ˵ġ
Ϊ߿٣ɾǰʱ˿̵ĻԨԣֻгһգأһ㻯
ѧͣ߿ճɼԲṼôŬġ
׾ƾһЦ̫ķץץ͸ָ죬財
ôһץͺǲõⶼץԼġ
ȻŻһЦеҰ͵ѧϣϣѧԶôͬһãδҲ̫ͬһ財
̲סЦɫᣬȻ׾ƾƵľٶǿȥɷǳϵؽԼؿڣͺĽ׾ƾ͹Լ塣
̫ллƾѧˣ˺ϢһҲġ
ţѧͣǵĺϢ

߿գף֮УԴ±֮
չԼŬʱ̡
г񣬲꣬ķǳƽͣѧĽ벻ȥǳ̹ȻأһԼ࿼ʦЩ졣
ѧУżٵ죬׾ƾƻؼҸϰȥˡ
Ϊ߿󲻾þֵҲ¿ˡ
߶Ѿһֻпĩпһһε¿ȡˡ
¿ͬõͬһԾҰĲҪȫУһҪȫصһ
һȫصڶ䲻ð׾ƾƹڻҪƾܾûЩź
Ÿϰٹע顣
ҲΪʱʱϵعҪ⽨ţʱҲȥҰ׾ƾЩʲô
ңҲ͵͵֮ġ
û˰Ѱ׾ƾŵĴϢȥ
ЩЩ
ΪǸǵʧ
׼ҸڵżҲҶ˵ʲôϾ׾ƾƿ汾µģٲٿߣҲԼİΣȥ¡
˵ˣǴѾǸˣҲ񣬺ûʲô֤ⷢŰ׼Ѿٽ֮ǰ顣
Ǹ˻ôܻȥùͷ
ˣ⼸׾ƾڼҵӹҲȽڣˢˢ⣬ϰϰԤϰԤϰٻżˣС·ϣɢɢȥ׸ɸɻͷˮ
СӹЩ̵ġ
ʱ򣬰׾ƾƴϱ̶һɡñֵˮ
Ͷ࣬׾ƾƻ֮ҲԼ׬˲Ǯܹǵɵ
᲻ôӵĻҲûϵǵĻͲøˣ׬˼Ǯۡ
׸Ը⣬ϰˣŮλǮĿɿڴϲ񣬵ǻع֮ɲԸ⣬س
Ȼ˵ţŮгϢ˾͸ˣ浱׾ƾгϢˣȫ׬㹻Ǯźˣȴǲϡ
ǿǻܶ׬ǮôܿŮأ
ҪҪˣ
ʵеС˼룬Ů׬ôǮһԺ׬أ˭Ҳ˵δᷢʲô飬ЩǮá
ҲƣҲͶʣֻ֪ǮУǲ׵ģôǮ˻Ϣܳԡ
ⲻȫ
׾ƾȰ˶Σεط޾ִֵԸ׬ǮϢء
׾ƾ޷ֻܾܵػǮǵũǳֵҲܹøɡ
ҲΪ׾ƾ׬Ǯˣ֮ǰŬϴѧѧѵѹǼ˲١
Ҳûƴظɻ
ټϰ׾ƾʱʱػ壬޿ȥ֮ǰҪࡣ
ϵҲˣͷҲ
ܱھӿˣ̲סĽ֡
ǿΪʲôܹΪһϢŮ
ѧϰֺãķ棬ܸڼ׬Ǯ
Ȼ֪׬Ǯɣëһ֮ǰ׾ƾյǮ֪ǵӹжˡ
ĽĽġ
̶֮󣬰׾ƾҲ˳µذæӣɾǱߵĵɻ
׾ƾµأ̲סչȥЦ֣ƾѾͷڿ죬֪ɻء
׾ƾغһ
ͣ˶˳űྣôˣ
ᵽ۽ǵЦԽˣ֮ǰᵽӾͿӣ֪˶١
׾ƾüЩЧˡ
л˵
1հٶ


79 
ʱҲ, ⶼȥˣǰհ׾ƾƵķԸ簮ضԴӵĻ, ܹеЧġ
, ҲæɵˣҲѳȥ, ֵַ, ͸˸Ƶ, ɿˡ
˵ʱ򣬻Щ, ӸսԺʱǶӿǽ˾Ѱ, Ӻծһָֻǰˤ
ԼҶǳ޵, һȶŲȥˡ
ֻҪ뵽֮ǰ׾ƾ˵ģеȥˡ
û֮ǰһΪʺչǮ, û
ڼ˵ӣҲǲŲ, ûӴڣȻҲӵķݣȴûпչ, ԼϲԵ, ӳԲϰ, ִˤ, ͵Ҳ˾ͺˮҪԵʣʣ˾ͳɡ
ôһ㣬Է˲ԣⲻð費ñָ޵ĸαֱ𣿲ΪԼûծкڣôԽ䵭ˣ
ΪԼ谮ΪǼΨһжҪ˵ĻҪҪϵģ϶ҶԼ
ôĲŲʣ̲סЩ
迴Уϲǲ䲻ȵض
˳Ļǰ˸Сӣ캰أȱһָֻ跴ǰģԽԽòԡ
ҽҽԺͷһ죬˾Ŀˣ໰ôôᶼˣҪϾĸӹϵԺҲ
ﲻΪȻһӣôܻ᲻ѡ
û뵽вơ
µǣ֮ڼˣ¸ھྵʱ򣬷رϲڴܣѡڸڴ壬رŮӡ
ǰ.ǼݣĽĽôֵ࣬ģǼңԴ֮󣬾ˣ塣
һʼûоﲻԣֱ.ؾͽԶݼҵСŮؼң涼ֱסˡ
Сʮ꣬.ɼĺܡ
ҲΪ⣬СѾͷƬӶѣ.ϲϲ
ֱ͵ھӸ.˵˼Ӳˣ.ĥҪһҲǱ˹̶ǹ̶ӣ֮Ϊˤ衣Ҫǹ̸Ůȳ˼ˣʣһˡ
.ȴǵ͸ģֲܶӻŮҪûãǶӣ˸ûҲһ
ŮˣǸСްˣʱʱ߶
ͱǴİ׾ƾƣ˭׼һá
Ҳ׾ƾжðжෳ˵.ٶ֡
ȻûжټҲⲢܹһռλá
ҪԭΪ.ĺܣʲô.ףû뵽Ȼһ.趼Ȼ
úܲζıַŭ
ֱӳ嵽ǰŸ̾͹ʲô˲ģнţԼû
ôˣôܻһСʲôνĸ
ô룬ÿοС.మ.ǣֺŹӣøۡ
Ҳһ֮ܳ˼ȥϣ뿴.軹᲻ȥ
һʼȷʵҲܼԼ̬ȲݼҵĺӴ̼ƹˤҲˡ
ɰ輱Ͷˡ
ǸʱݼҵСʱϻôأļĲУɽҩݣȡ
ĵӣһʱ֮ҲЩ
ʵһʼСãȷʵǱ˽ĵģǹӣȻΨһĺӣΨһԶܹΨһ
ѡСҲΪԷݼҹĲ̫ãŮӣΪмĹŮȻġ
Ҳݵʱִڲݶ͵͵Ĩᣬ֮ĲŽ
ԶݶԴûʲôʾͲܼǵĿ
ֻһʱģֿ̼һӡ
ŵˣͰѺͻȥ
ĶⳤģźôҲǸп֡
ԼôĶӣ˼ڷԣС
Ȼ˼Ҷ˵ŮСް
ˣǾ˰ɣĲ񣬹ôŮҲˡ
ʹˣҲˡ
Ҳûȥӣأϣ⼸ԽԽš
͵͵ܵȥͼ.СܵĺܣһȥµأһСﻹ.贷ȣ൱λ
֪үƵģŶȵȳԷũæҲӲ֡
.ĻûõĶȷʵȲ˼Сġ
һΣбϵ⼸ҲãЩֺȥĲ
ֻҪһ뵽ָʱĴ̹ǵʹˡ
ټѳŶַ޷Զٷһܵıȼ죬иԹޡ
شʱƼһѱĳ˴˸ΪɱӺĳ˵Ҳһָֻ
Ѫȿµĳ˲ͰҲԼʱָʹ࣬ŵƨϽܡ
ԺҲȥˣȥϣҲҲĳˡ
ԼҶӻ˼֣ǲ䲻ȡ
ӺѧˣҲŸˣæɨɨϴϴˡ
ʱæµذɵ
ȻûһǸĻϲ
˯ʱ򣬶̲סʪۿվûʧ͸
ҲûзС뷨
ȷʵûʲôǮһﳤ˻ǿԵġ
ϾԶݿҪ󶼴ﲻ
һжõķչ
׾ƾƵʱǸмĲС
Ҫǰ׾ƾƸô⣬µӶ֪Լˡ
Ҳྡ
׾ƾ˵ʱ򣬻˳Ÿͷϵñȥñ⣬Ķͷϻһ綯Сӡ
ȥСɾ£ķ粻СպܹɢȣרТǵġ
ˣҪݵģܵסݲģܲסģṩٶİ취Ҳûá
ͶЦˣԽ׾ƾԽϲ̾Ůôôá
ҲǳĽΪĸϲľǱ˿Ů


80 
ڼϢ֮, ׾ƾҪϰ׸ֳѧУϿȥˡ
ֳȥʱĶӣԷŰѳͷ, ŸƵȥ
ǵʱ, ԷЦŸִк
׾ƾƿһۣ΢Щ仯, ԭ, ƽ˲١
׾ƾҲǿ˻бȵĿ, ټİŻô⡣
ܲܳɻÿԼҲǽԴϲ
˿׾ƾƵʱ, ǲô
Ͼ֮ǰ͵ǼĽȥ, Ǳ׾ƾƽҴﻹŭء
׾ƾƿνĸйΣд󽻼
ѧУûϼ, ¿Ϳʼˡ
ǰճɼģ˳ϡ
λ֮ǰ˭Ҳ֪Լǰ˭
һ޿, ʦѧǿλãҷӵϡ
Ҳչȥһ, Լ׾ƾƵĿλã˵ر˻ƾƣҸͬһط
׾ƾ, ЦЦ, Ǹð, ǿһȥ
޿εʱ, ʦڣͬѧȻҲ٣Ļôͬһ
ͬѧʹİ׷Ťͷѯʵ˵ʲôĻĸ
ͬѧرһ¿֣ͬͬѧҲѣͬͬѧȫ¶ɥı顣
׾ƾգգۣͬȵǸһ
˵ͷԭЩǳתһƾƿǸУ֮ǰƾƸҶ¹ȥμӾʱĻҲͬģа׾ƾڣԲκ⡣
ر𵭶ڰ˵һ䣺ģ֮ǰƾƸҶ¹μӾʱҲĻһ࣬ûʲô𣿡
ѽѽǲҪ̫СˣͬùĿֻãĻ˲¡
Ҷ¹ҲŰæ˵
ԲѽƾƣǴοԸûгκ⣬ǲǣ
׾ƾ΢ЦŵͷʺͦΣ΢Цʱֱ˾Ŀ
ֹ㲻ѧѹסĻϵù
˷׷׵ͷʾ˵мֵ
ԸҲͬѾƵУ׾ƾһͷ֧
ԣ˵ûΪ׾ƾͬѧϵ̫ǿѹĵùҿ
׾ƾƿаĻǵùֻҪеĴȣǾ͸µġ
Һ˶һǳ
żͬѧ֪ԼĻͬǶԹֵʱǰͬѧȴһȰǷſģʾѧڣЩ˿϶
ͬѧ²Ѿŵ㶺ˡ
ҲЩͬѧ֮ǰǸһμӾģ쿼ԸĻͬȷʵûκ⡣
Ҳ΢ϣڴһҲôˡ
ڴҵĻ붼֪
Ϊÿο֮󣬴ҹĵĲԼĿԣǹĿλá
Զ˹עĽ㡣
Ļһ㶼ԼȥͬѧĿ
ȻһͬѧΪɣһԼûôùһǰԼô˹ʺˡ
ĻϰˣһӲЩ˵ĻﱻԶڶ߹ˡ
뿼ʦû֮ǰҲͬѧ̧ɤ˵ǸɨǣͼɵֶӰԡ
ĻҲǣϾÿοܵľţΪԭ
ȷʵвѵΡ
˵˵䣬ֲٿ⡣
ϰ߾ͺá
ֻϰ̫߰Ρ
¿ĵһ죬Ļǲȵ̤뿼ģΪ˼Լù˶ͬӰ졣
ڼԼǰŵŮȻǰ׾ƾƵʱĻҲˡ
׾ƾԾĻЩĺ˵һ䣬ͬѧɰ
˵֮󣬱Ťͷ
ƤβĶ˦һ£⧲شĻỬ
Ļʶץץǲǵڶα׾ƾƵͷϮˣ
׾ƾڿдԼĿŸ֣β䣬ͷƼǶ˳ͷĺ
׾ƾƲؽЩȫԼͷߣȻššͣųһС򣬷ıʺС
ʺлζЩСͻ湾عȥ͸ֵûʲô
ΨһͬĴԼǳ˰׾ƾ֮⣬ûܹƵü
ĻһϵĺѹƲסˡ
ӣȷʵжʱûˡ
ŷ׼ɻʱ򣬺ȻԱһŮſǻʦҵıдˡ
࿼ʦ˹ȥһƵָָʣµıʣô֧ʣѵд𣿡
Ůؿʦһֿۣ˿ͷĻᶼˡ
дˣϵʱÿ֧дȥ˵ģڸд֣ҾͷֱʳˮʣµıҲǡ
࿼ʦе㲻ţʻ˻һɫĲ߱Ůǰ
Ůϵ黹ۿϣɫߵʱҲɵˡ
ô᣿
ղžǳˮѽ
࿼ʦҲû˵ʲôֻǵţֻ¿ѡ
ȻѱʻŮֿע߼еѧǣֵ濼ԣҪ
Ůɵ㶵űڲݸֽддˮˡ
̲סͷղֻǸ
ҲΪĻǵùŵˣԱһʱ֮ˮΪǸͬԭ򣬵ҲпֻǱʱ⡣
Ů˼ͷȻתͷͿʼдԾ
׾ƾŤͷĹ򣬸պҲĻЩӵĿϣٳþ£Ŀȴǳ
׾ƾƳЦЦع
ĻͷеıʣѾ֪ǵڼˡ
ڵʱЩԭӦõù»ͻȻͻָ
ššüͷһԼҪ̫࣬ȿԡ
һԽ֮󣬼࿼ʦԾЩѧ۷׷ףԽ
ˣһΪҵıĳˣû뵽Ұ׵ˡ
㻹˵ҵʱԵʱҲˣĳһӰǡ
оϺɣҲûͬѧ˵ô¡
˵ǲΪһİ׾ƾ磬ϵùѹסˣ
оеŶӦû֮ǰͬǸͬѧһûˮ˵ģڲûз㲻Ǳ׾ƾƸѹȥˡ
ǲӦúúðһݰ׾ƾƣ
еҪҪ׾ƾո֣ȻǾͲϴˡ
⡭𣿡
ŮعͷͬȻڡ
ǲ֪ԵʱûˮǶѹ
Ǳ˵ͷĬĬػصԼλãҸŮ
ܾùס


81 
벻ײ˵, 翼֮󣬲ŮǰȥҰ׾ƾ˵ð׾ƾƲע⻹˰֡
֮, Ц͵ȵСһɰ, żŮسţЦÿɿˡ
׾ƾƣ
ٻῴ, ֪⼸Ůڸʲô
Ӻ, Цеذִڰ׾ƾƵļ, ±˰ɣǰ㵱ѧĤء
ǺͷǼŮ˵Ļһ
˵ʵ, Ҫǲ˽ĻҲ׾ƾƵ, 㸣
Ļǵ֮ԼȥܿȺġ
⧲Ҳ׾ƾ˵ĻʰĶһ٣˵˵ЦЦŮ, аâ
ȥĿһжల£ʲôʳˮǺö˶˵ƤˣٲȻǿõĿ߶˻Ӣ, ǽҵȳ鶼ûз
ԭϷ¿ʲôѧʧѡ
ĻͬͬѧһźѵӣӶ췭ȥˡ
ǾôǺ𣿶ǾĻǸùİԿǼٵġ㿴ͬôҲûʲô, ϴһİ׾ƾƻͬѧҲͬû¡
˵˵ĻɨǸʵ˵˳ɻ, Ҷƭˡ
ôܣСѧеж, ͬһͬѧ, ûһùġҸСѧͬУ, ĺܡ
Ļ˵˵ôξͲùأô֮ǰ׾ƾҲùأ
ҲûĻʲôԣҲûпĸͬѧ˵Ⱑ
ҵӶ÷ƽ˾ģǲʵֻǰ̫ˣ
ѽ˵Ϊ׾ƾѧڣ԰ѹס𣿡
ǷûУϴθΣ׾ƾƶ
ԶԶԣǿвͬѧþΪа׾ƾڣаʤвŮȥհ׾ƾƵ֡
ûû˵ò׾ƾĻĿǣѹסɡ

һʱ֮䣬߶ѧйڰ׾ƾĻĿһ˵ĵǡ
Դˣ׾ƾƱ˲ûʲô󿴷ϾҪ˵ĻĿȷʵûд
Ļ˵ֻǴԼıддûиͬѧʲô
ڼ¼׾ƾ֮Լ˷ĵù
ڹϸ׾ƾĵһΡ
һǰ׾ƾͻȻС︽Ļû
ֻΪùƺȻı䣬ٽϾǼշ飬ĻǴҳԼ׾ƾļ䡣
ƺǴӸʼù鷢ԽԽˡ
˵ûУУҲز;
Ѳɰ׾ƾĿǣĿѹסϵùˣ
뵽Ļð˵ǹ⣬ޱҲ˵Ľ֮ɫ
򵥱Ĵ꣬ʰؼҵͬѧ±ʣֱȥ˸һҰ׾ƾơ
Ұ׾ƾʸ
иӦòˡ
ȥ֮󣬲ûƼ׾ƾơ
һʰˣҾƾƵ𣿡
Ϊʲô֪˭жԷһĿһʱ˰׾ƾƵλϡ
벻֪ѡ
ĬĬһ˵ͷǵģҰ׾ƾƣ𣿡
ҡҡͷһƾƽ첻ؼңûʰֱȥȥˡ
Ϊ֮ˡ
ϵͬѧѡؼңڶ
סԶģ˵׾ƾƣ͸ɴ಻ؼˡ
׾ƾҪȥμӾȥҾԾ
ϴдˣԾϵһ䣬ײײ
ã򲻵Ļ͵ǿɢġ
Ҳû뵽Ļ
شĻ΢΢ף˵лл֮뿪ˡ
ʼգ봰һľ룬˲û
ע⵽һ㣬ûΪʲô
ǺҶ¹ĻȻڨһԵش˹ȥ
ʲôĻȻ˵ʶ
֮⣬ٻûߵͬѧ׷գ˫۾֪ǿΧ˹
ڰ֣ҸʶʲôѽʾƾƵġ
Ҳ¿ΪһοԣҶ˵ƾĿǣĻҲסˣ
˷׷׾Щ
ͬѧ˳ڱ˵ǰѧ׾ƾĻǵĻһ¿ĻܲȫУһ
ǻ˵
Ҷ¹һʱ䷢ǾƾѹΪһѽϴξɼʱ򣬾ƾƿȫУһĻҲֻŵڶˣҪ˵¿ˡ
һ׵û⡣
ҷ׷׾ûˡ
˭ϲ׾ƾƳΪǰĵһء
ǸڰĻÿõһǸڰͬѧǶһһ㶼ð
ȻϲĻǾǳΪ꼶һİ༶ɡ
ûҵ׾ƾƣĻЩʧʰ˶ؼҡ
ѧУҴ·ʮӾ͹ˣڼҲй
Ļʮӵ·̶˵ʲô伷ӵùĸʣ·ܶ塣
ߣҲҪμʡﾺģ˳Ҳȥ꿴Ծ
׾ƾһ֮ǰĻԾҲѾˡ
һξĳɼȷʵĻЩȡ
Ҳû뵽ԼȻ׾ƾƸѹȥˡ
ҲΪ־о֣λϴĲ࣬ӮҲЩȻζ
ھͲһ׾ƾ㣬ҲһµȤ
׾ƾһûҵҪġ
ϵȷʵǲĴԴ࣬Ӧñĸá
ֻϧûǸʱ䣬ȥѵʱá
ĥŵʱǿҸʦǳһĿҪһ¹ľԾʦǾԲƴǡ
߳ʱֿտգպøĻϡ
׾ƾƴк˳ڵͬѧҲҾԾҿˣûС
ҶˣҲûУ㲻ð׷ѹˡƻǵȥ
Ļ̤Ķһ٣һ߹ʱʶԱһ㣬ȷû֮󣬲Ťͷ׾ƾƣ϶Է˫Ưƺܶĵ۾ڵ׾ƾƣѧ𣿡
׾ƾƣ
ĻǷʲô裿
ѵѹס鱻ˣ
׾ƾΪԼٶǳĵ͵ײͬˣͲֵܷġ
Ļô֪ģ˵Էڲɲ԰Ӧòûб¶Լݰɣ
׾ƾ󣬵ȴ糣΢΢һЦûף˵ǶǸˣôЩеûġ
л˵


82 
Ļҡҡͷ, ɫֱؿɫļŨܵĽë͸Դһ㣬˵ʱǳ, ˲޶˵С
Ϊ۾ͬһ, ޵⣬Ϸ䵭, Ľ.Ϣ
, ҾӦ֪˵ʲô
ǵæʱ, ѧϣĻ׾ƾ˵ʱ, ҪʱעԼߵ
׾ƾ΢΢̾˿β΢, ķʺܺãںŨܣֳܹһľĹ, ǳƯ
ĻĿⲻԾرβǵβ˦ʱĸо
ôԺһα
ĵֻһͷѡ
ͬʱ׾ƾҲôΨһһ, ȴûзκˡ
˵һǽңǵڶ, ԼĵεĴأ
УֻҪڣЩΪܵǣ, ù˷׷ױܿ, ⲻֵ
㲻ŻؼҵĻ, ǿȥ̲ȡ
׾ƾ, ĻĬŵͷ˸ڡ
Ŷӵ˸࣬׾ƾĻһԵţһǾ׶ԶĴ¡
٣վǶԳһķ羰ߣȴᱻκײ
ȻɫǰҪڨĳ⡣
Ļһ䵭ӻȰ˲Ůġ
ЩǶԷҲɾú˧ÿᣬиоŮĻڶԷԼʱĬĬԱȥ˼ǳԡ
еɫŮ֪ԷϲڨĬĬ߿
׾ƾʹʱ򣬸պþͼĻȰһֻҪҪϵʽŮ
һʲ裬𣬱գʢǽ
Ļߣӹ׾ƾƵݹʲ裬õʱλƣȷ׾ƾơ
Ҳ׾ƾзᱻùӰ죬ĻǷǳľ衣
ǰͷһ뿪ͷŮڼĻӹ׾ƾƵʲˡ
ǸŮÿȻÿ˾ϲÿһ档
һ߰ɣ
׾ƾһߺʲһ֣Էٵĵط
Ļע⵽һ㣬и뷨
ţ˸Ĺ԰㣬԰ûжˡ
ĻŰ׾ƾһʲ裬һֵֻƤḧŹ԰ĻݲݣβϵΪĶλε
˿ʲ裬ˬˬ̲÷壬ǷĿζ
һȥϵĵĽҲظƽһЩŰ׾ƾƿڡ
׾ƾƻعͷƤصߣͺ׳۾һܹ׼رܿϰһߵֱͦŤˡ
ĻԼ˽٣
Ļʶʲ裬׵ֱΪʹɫĽԽ
˵ҵù𣿡
ϣŨܵĽëһ㵭ӰĴҧʲܣˮǳ۵Ĵ꣬ĪĶ˼֮С
׾ƾһ߶ƣһҧʲܣпˡ
ԼҲ˽⼸ֵġ
ĻЦһ׾ƾƵʱ򣬷Խ˾С
ɨǵùĳƺӦòİɡǴСӹĻҲԼм˽⡣
˵˽⣬Ӧ˵ǺľǴ˵ù˲ˡ
ҪǲСˣǸ˾ͻᵹùеʱûǣֻ˵ƽʱ·ľЩͻǵù
һο˵⣬һΣСǾͲ⣬Ǿˡ
˵֮ɫЩްᶯ˶˳Ųӻ䣬֮У˿СƬɰ׵ļ벻ѡ
׾ƾţ˳˸ͤ¡
ȷʵܲң֪ôùʵԼûйϵ𣿡
ʲô
Ļݵ̧ͷĿƵضŰ׾ƾƣ΢ţɫãȻ
ǲ֪Щʲô
׾ƾܸ𣿡
Щȣһڰ׾ƾǰչ¶˵Ĳš
֪һڲ֮ͬ
쿪ʼӦõùȴٵùϷҲˣͱ˵֮ǰпǰĶɣʮа˾ǶҲˡ
ƫƫ˵֮ڽ̰ҵˡ
֪ǲ⣬ΪİһοǸŮıûˮˣˮҲΪĴڡҲż϶˲ͬ
׾ƾƺһʲ裬Ļ¶Լǰ˵ӣΪļһĬĬ˼֣ҲûйΪ׽ŪֱӵȷʵܹĲԡ
֮ǰĻָĻһΪ໭ͨ
Ļ˲²⣬԰׾ƾƵشķֳ䶨֮УȻģ
һͻȻڵͬѧ֮õǸԷǳ֣
׾ƾˣҲ֪
ĻͷȻ֪֮ǰڰϾֵúҵģͻȻ˵Ϊ⽨ţ伣
ǺҷְʵͬѧãҶصͦõģֻΪֻԼ֪
ʵȫС
׾ƾƳϵԵûһġͬѧĿеǸʦҲҡ
ĻЩ򴽣˫Щڴؿ׾ƾƣܸңҵʵʲô𣿵ȻҲ׿ģǮôϵҾ֪Ϊʲô
׾ƾƳ˻ͷǵǲҪҿֱӸ˵
˻㱾ӦǸ»˫ȫй²ⱲӦǹ˳˳ˮ󸻴󣬵ڵȴȫͬ㻹úúõģƽʱֻǵСùȱ첲ΣȫΪϵĹڻ㡣
ϵĺҲܵ¸ǸΪѹƣûз顣һμʱҾͷ⡣
һμӾҰ˳ѹһº־ȻвٹҵϡҪ֪ǺܷѾռģҰôһССæĹȴ䵽ҵϣƽʱʱҶæѹһѹϵĺӺùһЩ
ΪӴĶ࣬ĿǰֻܿǱ˻񣬲˭ģҲû취⿪󷨡
󷨷ǳͨ󷨣ֻҪ͸ܺ߾ܷԷõʲôôƽ⣬ĻҪԵ󷨣ۡ
ܲת󷨵ĴʦǾ֤Ļ֮˿϶ǮȨʲôС
ȻЩֻҵĲ²⣬λдһĿ֤
ǲ㻹ңĿǰͨˣͨ˵ݽӴᣬһʱ֮û취⡣
ĻĿɫŰ׾ƾ˵ĻʹкɫӿɳƶֵͳſƵķ
Ĵʦǲֻе۶ҵ
׾ƾƲ̫ȷð˾Ųʮ


83 
ϾĴʦǻĵط, һҵľĻġ
ˣ׾ƾ˸飬ʾĻûرǵĴѧĻ, ѡȥ۶ϴѧ
ﲻѧУ, ԴҲ㣬Ҫ, Ļ, л˭͵
׾ƾԼҲʾĿǵ۶ѧ
ʱͬһѧУĻ, ܼĻѹһѹ
ĻЩӵؿ΢, δȻɬҲ˳ķ, ׾ƾƵʱЩ˼Ʈ
˵ʵĻʵΣûĻ, ԶڸҪɫ˴ѡ
ϧҲ֪ĸ˸ôң
лл㣬׾ƾơ
׾ƾƽһЦ, С֣ȥɿɰ
ڰֵ, ÿʵҰԼҲкô
뿴ֻǵذѹѹ, йҵϡҪҰ񱻻һ, 㲻ù», е˵Ǵ֮˵׬ء
İӲ, ǽİӣôĹ½壬ǲټ
ܰ׾ƾô˵ˣĻǷǳлл
Ħġ
ʲôȫȻ֪׾ƾȫ׬˹£ѹҲۡ
ǰ׾ƾƶûᡣ
˵ƺ˳ֵ顣
ԵԷĻƺЩ˽صŮ
ģ
ĻͤϣĬţ΢΢ͷ紵ķңŶˬϢ׾ƾԣοļʵҲûô⡣߸ذѹһѹҲӰ졣֮ģǰһ⡣
ҪշżٻʲôڼգٲȻʲôҪıҪμӣҲμӣʱңҿ԰һº⣬׼һж˳˳ġ
߿ʱĿͬһĿԲԸ߿ǰҲһº⣬׼㲻κ⡣
Ļƽʱ嵭Ȼ˰׾ƾ˵ģĻӿֳһɹԵĸ֮顣
ƺͷһΣһѪԵϵ˶ôôá
˶
İ˸ǰĹâŰ׾ƾͳ˵˾䣺лл
ȻҲ֪ллǶôۣͨȫû취׾ƾΪƥ䡣
еʲ裬֣µؿ˫䣬м׾ƾƣӴԺԺֻҪܰæģ㾡˵ҾԲƴǡ֪˵Щûʲô˼һ㣬δҾԲ͹ȥ
Ȼ֪˺Ļ㲻ưոݣԼ˲ݡ
׾ƾڵ飬ͺʧɳĮ·ͻȻһޣֺƶƾ洬֮Ͼܷ紵򣬵ĴͻȻ½صϲԱ顣
ɰʱڵ۶վ˸ţҾ͹ȥĴȡ
׾ƾ˵ЦģĻȴģصصͷԼȣʾⱧİ׾ƾƿ˵Цֲ֧
ŷ֣ԭĻô˼Į벻ЦԼıɫɣòһеİֱļᰡ
ĻŰ׾ƾƲõЦͬտĿ貣һʱ俴ˡ
֪׾ƾƳúÿǲŷԭЦʱ򣬸ÿɷʶĿ˼֮
ĻԼÿһΣһº֮󣬰׾ƾƾ͸Ļ𣬻ѧУȥˣһ·黹ܲ
ڻУ;УͻȻӵĵ绰
ﰡæ
Ҹմ裬˵ʲô£
ֻͷ㻹ǲǵø̵Ů˼Ǵͳ£ûһǸڽ㡣
׾ƾһ˼ԺһҵȻǵãôַʲô𣿡
һͬ¡
ǰ绰˵ͬе㲻ԣҲû˵ףֻ˵ȴݵĿ£ǲʲô㡣Ѱ˼⼸㶼ԣԶûд㡣ղŵæ㷢ϢҸϽ˸绰
õģ裬֪ˣҪ˼ĺҰɣԼϵ
Уá
ҲôõģϾ˼˵ʱ˵ҲҲûףҲԼˣǾ鷳ˡ
ֻű׾ƾ֮䣬ȻŹҵ绰
õ֮󣬰׾ƾƾҲţ˳ͼVš
ΪҪһʱŻϢû뵽һ
ƾƣ𣿣
˼Ǽط˸Ϣȥһһֱȴ׾ƾߵϢֻ׾ƾڿԣֻܵԽ˵
˼ȵĺܽơ
ţ˼ң˵ǱʲôҪҰæʲô£
˼һͨȥƾƣġ
Ǹͬйء
ǴΪ׾ƾƵĻڴͳˣ֮󣬻˹˾صػ׾ƾһ¡
ȻͬǾ˼˵Щ˼ǰڶԷոܰοһЩĻҲǲıݣʵЦš
ΨıǸõͬ֡
ع˾֮˼ٴηθڲ֪ΪαԽԽ
֮ǰڼƵһΣͷˣƺԽԽˡ
ȻΪиһҪ˵ķݣθڱǰҪҲ
˼ҲûиֿŵЩĿࡣ
ΪԱԲæһСʱֻԣеĺܡ
Դ˻ع˾֮㷢ֿԴϳԵϣ⻹з
⻹ģֶԵزˣǵûг֣һȦ
ÿ첻ϵسԣҶ֮ʳߵˮһЩɿ
˵иˡ
˼һʼʱҲȰҪô࣬ǶǶԺӶá
Ҳǿգüͷ壬̾Ҳ֪Ϊʲôԡ
֮󣬿ʲôԡҲģ֮ǰʱҽû˵ʲô⣬˵̫ˣҶԵ㣬ӪҪϡҲ˵ÿԼ˲ٳԵͶιңҾԽԽࡣҪͣԵĻҷǾò
Ҳ֪ǲǻеԭڶôϲʳϲԴѪǸĻϺ
˵ʱҲˣҽ˲ٱȺЩ趼˵еĳθڲãᵽζζ£Ҳһŵ֮ǵ£Եǿҡ˵ôζôذ
ƵʱֻסԼͳԵģ˼ͷˣֱӽץסӲذߡ
һ룬٣ֻһССĶ˼ֵƳ֡
ԭС˲£ͺߵǿڻڶʳһ㡣
ǰ˼ŵһ㶣ϵǿҲȻȻֱָ˻ȥ
һУȥ֮󣬲̧ۿ˼¶ЩǸЦ
Բ˼ǲŵˣ˸˵ˣ֮Һ÷ǳʳ㻹ѣܴҵ߳ԵģȻһЩƲסҵ
˼˲ð亹Ͱ͵ûû¡
໹ֱֻ֣ûо⻳лĺЩһ
ֳֵ°ͣľٶûһԿɼݵж
Уֻÿиеʱ״һҶ˽ģҲְ̫ɡ
ֵһλУûչˣЩһ֪⣬ֻ֪ʲһ϶ڼķӦҲһڵԼҲֲס


84 
ô㲻֣
˼޲˫ַļ, ʹػζ壬һ㡣
൱൱֣
Ȼи֮θڱ, ϲԶ, ⲻĸиܹһСʱϵسԣԻ, ҲûĸиԽԽݵġ
, ˵㻳ûУ
Щҡҡͷ, С˵»û, ٵȵȡ
˼һ뱩ִ꣬ɵ椵Ķͷ, ĶҪˣôû˵֪֪صģ
һ費ͬ⣬һҪӣ·Խ, 彡Խѽ
һͲˣ˵ʲôأҲŲҸѰĽᾧ˵ˣ˼Ҷ˵»̥, Ҫ²˵ġҲûѽ
ҰһŮ֪һ֮϶Ҵ㲻̫ˣ
˼Լû취еŮ˼ʲô, ̾˿Ȱ, ֪Ϊ, ֻϣ㲻Ҫڶѡ
Ҳ, ȷʵǾòߵһ, Ǳ˼ĸ첲Ц϶ڵģҸĺأ
˺ӣʱ¾ƣ㲻ĻԵӵĸ衣
˼ǿЦЦûеٶᣬϾǱ˵飬Ծڴˣ˵ٶҲûá
κκ鷢չԽԽ֡
ĺӲ£ȴѾݵջʱҪš
ûеʱ߲һ壬΢΢⣬ټϳ̬Կɿɰġ
ȻʱԼϵ⣬ԼΪʲôô֣˼һ壬ʮͷأ֣Ǹոպá
һ壬ֻʣ°ʮ
ȻʮһЩģ˵㲻ʲôǿһϣŰʮ
Ƕ˵ͷǳֲ
֮ǰ߶żʲʳԴͣڵ¾ʧҲûȥ
УͳԵģȻʮ
˵ǰزдǾͨÿҲ֣ƫƫûС
˾ͬ¶ˡ
Ϊ˼ûж죬Ҳû˵û֪ͬˡ
һʼֳԵôͬҲдȤ־ͺЦûгϡ
ȵԽԽ࣬ԽԽ֮󣬴Ҷʱ˵뷨֮Ժ󣬷ǳʲôҩЧôã
˳ֲָҪȥˣʮѾˣȥضûˡ
пԣҲ֪ΪʲôԼԽԻԽݣݵԼϰˡ
ҪԼȥӰ캢ӵķ
ȥҽԺʱҽݳΪأԲ·
ڵֳ֪Ե£ҳԵĻǳ࣬ȴݳҽˡ
ּ˲Ŀûʲô⣬ֻܹڿֵڲͬԻ֮󷴶ԽԽݡ
Ҳ֪֣ȥ㲻ҪӪ롣
Ҳǽ꣬յĺܡ
ҲԼͷҲʼصҲøɰͰ͵ģûˮ֡
ŵĺܣ߿࣬ȴֻǰοûµģֻͷ̥зӦѣʱȥͻõġ
һ춼ˣ־ѵĻҲ顣
լҲûرҪõѣû˿ߣԱ˼˵ԼĵĻ̿֡
˼Ҳܵ״֪ҽԺҽ˵ʵ˼ȴе㲻̫š
ֵ״һܺãôܻаԼڳҪ˵³Բ·ݳ˼ûʲô˵ƫƫǳԲ·ݵģǳԵԽ࣬ݵԽš
Ҳ̫ˡ
֣ϸһ룬ڻǰڵʱûгԹʲôֵĶ
־Լͷŵۿ죬ʹ룬ûʲôſǻҳԵĶϻԵġ
Ҽˣǰһϣһǳֵĺ⡣
ⲻõ⣬˵ʲô⣬ҲزңֻҺòóԡ˵óԣȣҧȥģʱҾͶ£ҳԣ˵ãҾǿ˼ڣĺûˡ
˼ţǲǸ⣬һôĺ֢
ȥһҽԺ飬Ǯ϶Դ
һûоܾҲǱŵˡ
֪δе鱩ףֱӰֿѺ˼ţȻרҵҽ塣
ֵ״̬ҽҲƣִҽԺ¼һ飬ûܼʲô
ֱڼУһ˵ôҽû취ϷʲôĿҪ¿ˡ
˼ֱץؼ֮һֱϢյʱصȥ
ֵطָˣƺʲôѪ⾫ȫһһ˳ֳһнľĺ״̬
˼ͣ˵
ʱŶһһߵᣬ븸ĸɫؿ
ҽ˵ȥֵ»ܲס
尢̣ûҳʲôݳ𣿡
ĸҡҡͷۿףɫ㲣ûУǻ˲ҽ˹֪ҽǶ鲻
˵Ҳ֣״ôĺȴɻúܺážΨһİο˰ɡ
Ůӣԭӵ븸ĸҿڣϾС壬ֳܲס
ĸһ仰ͺһݵһ˼Ĵԡ
Ȼ²⣬ǼȻ׾ƾѧʦôȻҲĳЩа
ֶĺݳ״¶ܻĺúõģҲȱκӪ˼ĺ
òʲôµĶֵհɣ
С˵д
һĲ²⣬˼˼Ϳʼɢ̲סһ䡣
븸ĸûⷽ룬һ˼ô˵ټĵıʾĴʦҵԼڴͳϲ£ǴʦĻ֮Ȼ˵Ųܣû£ȷʵֹ
ֵ״̬ԽԽҲǿסˣҽ˼ϣҵ˵ĴʦŮ׷ʲô
ֵ״̬Ѿˣ⵽ĺֻʣһüܡ
ÿȴҪϴӪĵزĺȴ״̬ѡ
ҽԴ˶֣ίرʾֻ˵׼Ƕﺢӵ⣬ϣǿһ´̥顣
֮ǰûǵֵ忸סڣ´̥ȼȥá
ȴħһ㣬κĶӣһ˿ͷ衣
븸ĸû취ˣԲŻ˼
˼֮⣬ǻʦ
ȻⷽȥˣȻҪƾҲǮ


85 
ƾư, ôҷǾֿͬ϶ǱʲôණˡĺӾ⣬ػɸйϵ
Ϊһֱһ, ֵ, ѾǸС˵ڻ֮ǰѸһֵ, Ե, ȴǱԵһ⡣
ƾ, û⣬ܹ˳֮, ԽԽݣ
׾ƾƳһü΢, տմʱ˿Щ鲼ˡ
ûֿ̥ͬﻳĲĺӡ
Ȼ׼׾ƾôһ˵, ˼Сĸλǲ˲桪
ǸˣһҪӳɻ顣Ҽǵָ˵, еĸһû׵ģҲͬһʱ, еĻȥҽԺһеļôûϣԹõС
٣ģ
׾ƾƶԴҲӶ֡
֪һе, רŶżǮɵ׸ֵġ
ЩŮԽ, ȱԴ, ĸ浥, ʳ˼ֻ̻ΪǵС
ͻᱻ˵ƭν氮͸½ͷһ
ʵϣ氮ֵĸ֮١
ҹﶼֻǸͯҪ˵Сǧ
ǶС˵Ĺ¡
ʵϣСӰٰŸ߸ϵİ׸Ϊͼ
ڴͥǶŮ
Ȣֵ֣ԸҵһпɲǸ˵
ʱֱʵֽײԽ
Ҳ޹ֺǸеĻʹֶΡ
ƾ̥ô£ȥĺ𣿡
׾ƾƽ͵֪ӤΪԭûܳĺӣ˹ֻ̥УӤһʻӤ顣Ӥûгȱ⣬ͻܵ޾ʹ࣬ΪӤδգ䲻գ䲻޷ö֮ͻԹԼĸĸֵüլ֮˴ߣõǵʬпܿסӤ飬ǵԹصʣһЩ캦顣
Ϸ¡ԷӤʬιֳԺ󣬿϶ǸĻ֮˲󷨣ӤֵĸСһ־˻еļ󡣡
ֻͨӤ飬з߳ĴʦȣԹֵĶӣҲǲܽ¡˵ģλʦķĺܡԷֻҪֻУȴ˼ȫ
ȥǸֻ̥ԴԴϵȡԪֵϡҪǣӤ̥Ҫʮ»̥ܲ¡ĸº󣬾ͻ᳹׽ĸԪϣ֮󣬾ͻƶǶΪһ˲ǹ֮Уѽġ
˼üҷæסֵԼŵֱ¡
Ҳ٣⹷˿񶾰ǷΪʲôҪԴ֣Ҫӳɻ飬ȻвΪʲôҪôĶ
˵ˣֳ¶ʲôôҪˣĸҲܰҽ
˼˾Ƿˡ
׾ƾƳһܿǸҲǸʦƭˡ
Ҳֵ̥϶ǳϣǸʦŻ˻ֱӴһ
ôѽ
˼ĵۿ΢죬ڷתѾпˣ˵ĸ£ǺӾͻԶˣ
ƾһҪȾּǮġ
׾ƾƶǮǮģڵûô⣬񶾵ĴʦǸΰæԷı
ģȻ֪϶Թۡ
ҽǶĶƱϹȥ
ҵʦ١
úúã鷳ˣƾƣ㶩Ʊ˵ʱ䣬ʱҸĸһȥ㡣ھȥĸ˵һ
׾ƾһȻֻAPPһ¶ƱһҲҪߵˡ
ڷɻƱǸϲϡ
ɻ
Щ˵Ψһһʲôأ
׾ƾ룬˸绰˼ͬͦصģҹϹȥҪʦ١
˾Ҫ绰ʦ˵һ¡
Ȼڿ⡣
׾ƾߵĶܿ죬鶼Ѿ㶨תͷų⳵ȥվ
ȻȳĹУ˼ȴٴ˵绰
׾ƾΪļԸһͨͱʾѾƱվ
˼еֻ֡
ƾƶԲ𡣡
׾ƾһ٣һ˿ȻջҪг⳵֣תѧУķȥ
Ǳ߳⣿
˼ЩĸѾҵ˴ʦǴʦƺҲͦġҲ̥ԽѾҪ̳
ĸǺܸлҵİæҲܸлĳصתһǮң˵ת㵱ѯѡ
ƾƣĲãӦһ£ֱӾ͸˵ȥңƱˡ
ҲˣּôǮôֻܻһʦĸ˼˺üôоһʵѧġҲ˵̫ˡ
ƾƣǷǳǳǳԲ𡣡
׾ƾƵûôŭǮ۶ҵĴʦ
Ұ׾ƾƴûоԼǶԷΨһѡ񣬶Ҳ˼
Ͼ⼸¿˼ϵҲһֱ
෴ģҵð׾ƾͦкøС
٣ԷȻҲ󷽵ظѯѣһͽ˾û¡
ˣ£ܰҵҵչô𣬿ϧŮֺûм̳ĸĸ̡
ûϵ˼㣬ȻͬǱѾдʦܹˡ˭飬õġͬµ״˼ȥ
˼˰׾ƾôƽĻļͬʱ˿
´ҿ϶ô³ç
׾ƾЦߣ·ԵСʯӣûû£ʲô¡ˣͬǱ߻ʲôĻҲҡ
Ȼûá
š
˼ظģǱߵһʱţһʲô֪ͨ㡣
õģǾ
˵绰֮׾ƾȡ˶ƱȻִ绰裬ԭί˵һ£ʦǱ˵һȡ١
Ҳû˵ʲôֻð׾ƾƱġ
׾ƾƿЦãһ㶼ġ
ܳȷʵǰ׾ƾƵһˡ
Ǹ磬Сѧʦģʦƣ׾ƾƸͲ顣
ڵˣȻһжղͬ
׾ƾƽܹͣʵ˵ܲҲûа취
˻˵ƫǸز
˵绰յ˼תˡ
ƾǮһҪ£ǲĸѯѡ㲻µĻԺҲ˼æˡ
׾ƾüһ˿΢СҲʧ
˵ûʲôǲǮġ
ССĵҲǮƽ


86 
˼˵ʱ̹עֵ, ǻʱ̣պýĩɴҲȥҡ
븸ĸĵͦӭ, ô, ҲһѶ˹ģҲΪ, ֲŻ, ȻĻ, ǵڻ֪Ůô飬Զ˼Ҳܸм
ֵ, ǹǽִؼ֮ҲΣǱĹѪͷ, ĸ뿪ˡ
źݻʱǵŮţ벻ƶǻ˼, 븸ĸѪ˨
ҲǲףʳŮôͿһɫ
ŵԵſûһõ
ȥǹԼŮ̫, ûн̻ôġ
ڴ֮ǰ븸ĸǲ֪ŮĺĹ
˼˵ĺ, ǰŮմȾණϣҲ˲ٵĴʦɲеĴʦ汾µ, ӵĲ١˼Ǳ, ˵Ǹ״ʦȴٳûϢ, 븸ĸҲǺܵġ
ҿĽ뵽һλĴʦ, һ־˵Ůĺ̥󷨣Ůһ̥һɹŮͻ
Ǵʦǵ棬ʩסŮʳŮֹͣԶ֮󣬾Ȼû¶귢飬ԵЩǺܳʱûпĻˡ
븸ĸϲʦǡ
Դʦȥŵɷ磬ȷʵ븸ĸȫһ־סŮ˵ĺ¡
ǸϽôʦȷʱ
Ϊʱ˼ڣԴʦҲûܴѾɥʧǵе֪˭Ķ֡
븸ĸҲûǷ롣
ֱ˼ʱͻȻ绰˵״ʦˣҼҴҵذѰ״ʦǡ
˵Դʦ
˵״ʦҲӵģǸ͵ġ
ϧѾϴʦˣȻǲ״ʦҪˣ㲻ûλʦ
븸ֻܿϧܣһһѯѡ
Ϊ˸״ʦǸùϵ
ȻʵϣǸţƵȻܷʵĻᡣ
ͬʱ˼Ҳ븸ĸ˳ɾֵѸɵġ
븸ĸ֣ŭգǵֵ֮Ҫȷһԡ
˼վһԿΪʦʩ˫۽գ״̬֣Ľ֡
Դʦ׾ƾ˵ȷʵӵĹŵɷ磬񣬹ǰ׻ĺӾƳ
۶ȻʿӶࡣ
˼ʩһϲͨԴʦɫ࣬зɵӣо̾ѡ
ЩƯڰ֮Уͺеľżܹ˼ж
Χתʱ򣬱ֻ״̬ȴͻȻгɫɫֲ
˫۾Īģͫ׼Ƭ۰ռͫʣֻһСڵǣȥˡ
ǽ˼Ծضһ£ʶؾ븸ĸ߿ȥ
ֺӰеĶ
⻹ʲô棬˼طĶۿɼٶȷ
һݹᾣͲùûʲôŮˣȴͦø߰˸´иһµķľսͷƤ顣
븸ĸһԿĻŲѣһգۣǹ̥ŮĶƶǶ
ҰĶԽԽֵļҲԽԽܱ߿ɳʯ˶۾
ԴʦǶĬϣϵľǻӵĻһŷݵһ·ֵĶӣȥ͵ֵը
һ룬ַʹİĸӿ£ѾȫƲԭȵģ
ŵ븸ĸ˼׷׾סͣǰ´ŵʦ
ʱԴʦ˵ҧָ嵽ֵǰ
ĶӸ߸𣬲ĹڲϵҶţǰͲסҪƶǶһ㡣
ԴʦɫһݣѪɫӵ·Ѹٵػ˷һ߻һĬһֻֻǯסֱֵۣԼ
ͬʱܱߵķҲڲϵطǵã̼˼С
һɣѪɫûֵĶӣҲסرסӵڵϣԭش
ڼ仹͵³һںѪ
ǺѪȳޱȣֻһڣѬڳ˶Ҫȥˡ
ĸĵĲУǰȥŮֱ븸£Ҫ̤ʦıȦʦ֮ǰ˵ˣܷʲôǶܳȥ
һǸ̥ѡǾ͸鷳ˡ
ĸ޵۾ˣŮʹڵϷһ㣬Ļ֮ǰĽģ
֪ͲŮƢҳߵʱ򣬾ͽǾöĿӾͻڡ
ĸĲá
˼Ҳᵽɤϣ۾һؿţǺ޼Ǹˡ
ԴʦǿںѪɫ˲١
ǺѪ˼֮ǰȥĶ
³ˣ̥˵һĴ
ȥǽ̥
ҪֱֵĶｫ⣬ҪƳֵ⡣
ǶԴʦ˵ƳõѡΪֵѾ˼ޣʩĻ֧Ų
̥ȻҲ֪ģԼ˼Ķʹ֣ҲԸ
ͿԴʦ²µȥ֡
ԴʦѵĵزһϢӣҧҧӡɿ죬ֱԷĸȥ
һһ£ֻԼӲקһ㣬ʹð亹ֻһԭشȴΪ
ңҡ
ʹధ԰븸ĸ
ǿµ۾ѾָˮͷѾʹĺˮʪʪԼĶϣȵӣ븸ĸĶˡ
˲Ծǰ̤һȴԴʦǳ⣬£˳һ˹ȥŻǵǡ
븸ĸ£ԭʹȴһĸղһӣȻҰһ͵֪ǲ˵ĴǾŮϿһ
һӵ
Ǻֲ쳣ûһͯĿɰ֮ǵ˲ͳ˹ȵס
˼Ҳˣ˽겻ֲ֪Ǻá
ղòǱʲô̥ռɣ
ô죿
Դʦܳɹ
֪͸þƾҹϹˡ
˼˼֮ʣԴʦһȣűһֵĶӣ֮Ѫķƺ˸ŵ⡣
Ϊʦ̫죬˼ûп̫壬ֻǴʦֵĶʱֺزҽгһҽбȸղŸӵ¡
һȥֵ֮Ķӿʼ˲СҲʼһ̲Ѫ˴Ŀġ
ûмӵʱ䣬ǸʵĿµĶӾͱƽ̹˾͸һ͵صػ˹ȥ²֪
ԴʦЩβȵԱһģɫЩҰףѪ˿븸ĸˣϽǰһסϴʦһԼŮ
ʦʦôˣ
Դʦ¶һĨЦҲ
ĸڳȫϲԼϢ˻ŷֺѾ亹
л˵
~


87 
һг䶨, 븸ĸظл֣ѯԴʦǻʲôҪעġ
Դʦʾ̥ѳ, ûʲô, ֵܵشټ̥ڴô, Ҫú, ⼸ǳ, Ҳױа
Դʦʾƽʱֶɹɹ⣬˶ĵط, Ҫһҹ·С·Ҫû¾ȥһЩ, ֹĵط
ҲֻһЩߡ
븸ĸؽлм㣬Ϳղһ˼ңԴʦԼɫ, ֪Ҳ˲Ѫ»ˡ
ҲԴʦȥҽԺֻܾˡ
Դʦǿ뿪, صס֮͵رһѪ, ռûü˵ͽǶŸ
ʦʦû°ɣ
ͽܸϽǰԼʦɷ׵, ǵѪɫ, ˡ
ѾܾûмԼʦôصˡ
Դʦǲ, , оڷѪѹ֮󣬲۾ǵˣڵû£ҵ͹̥
ʲô̥
ʦôûи̥
ѽѽ̥ĻҲܸʦ߰ʦæ
Դʦڰ֣Щ飬ڵĹ̥Ҳ޲ߣ˵ˣҲǽյʱϸٳȥַǳ
Ҳƣԭɽӹúúõģƫƫʱ䣬Ŵηթƭ¼ǵľ衣
թƭߣһǣ˺üǵĲ֪ΪЩȫƭӡ
ԭӵһЩҲ׷ױˡ
Ҳˣƫɽʱ򣬻ʱʱشЩ²ڮǵĻ
ʾЩʮ֮˾ž⣬⽨Ƴ
Щ·ӵˣɴӲƭͻ顣
ЩӸͲˣȴӲĨǵɲý֡
ٷͨ棬ԭõͽܶ˷ţɲøǻϽ͡
ѧЩ츳˿˵֮١
ǵʦԴʦŻɽĪе
һʦ֮ǹһˣΪպõ۶Ŀʦ֣ʦʲôųˣ˱ǰȥ˵۶
ǰٺ񣬲ɽġ
ûãʦַϢǣҪǵЪŴžС
һȾ͵˵ʦ
Դʦѽ췢ϸ˵һ飬ɫЩĻ֮˵вͣȻĻҲ˵ҡ
Ҳ¾ͨǼթƭУȥһЩƭ֮⣬ҲЩа
ͽͣ׷ָĻ֮˻̫û¸ɡ
ںˣıʦ飬⵽ɣ϶Ҳûӹ
ҪҵˣȻ鶼ô󷨱Ӧñ϶֣ʱ˵׼ƹˤӿµ顣
ʦȥˣǲӦʸ
ԴʦǰʹϷ򸾲ôˡټŮΣҲûϸʡȥʸ
ҽԺ־һƣICUʱ̼״
ҽ˵ǳĴѪҿ͵ļʱһЩпСҲ̲סָĸģȻҪѺõΪʲôҽԺǰţԼ˽飿
븸ĸп˵ܸܲ˵ĺӲǹ̥ʦõİɣֻǿЦűʾǳ⣬Ҳġ
ҽ̾˿Ҳû˵ʲôϾ˼ҵ飬˵档
븸ĸICUдԵŮܡ
Ůûд󰭣ҲǸͷȥʰŮ
Ǳ˿ֶ֪ĺѾûˣڹ˾ϰ࣬ͬŮѣһ
Ͼȥôˣȴʱؿ¡
ֻҪĺ£ֻҪµʱ䣬Ǳֵİ跢ӲקȥҽԺ⺢Ӷ
Ҫ˵ֶİҲ顣
ʱ븸ĸδϣҲֻűӰ¡
ʱҲ
ƫƫڹϳ£ǱӶˡ
˶ѣôź
Ȼ͵͵ػҡ
֮ǰ˵˵ģֻҪ費ͬ⣬ͲȥҲ̫
󷳹鷳û̫ġ
Ͼ⺢˴ʦ˴ǮŪģѪԺӳǳֻĻ˭ʹ
ҲΪԷ۸븸ĸ׳нӴ򲻵ֱӽָӽӻؼңų⡣
ϾǮֲ٣ȥӶǻ
Ҫ˵Ǯˣֶ飬ҲеҪһ
׼ȷһһʧ
û뵽ȫļıȻˡ
شͬѯŮѵ֮׼Ȼֻˣ̫⣬һȻǴʦ磬кɣ˳ֱ
ιʦôˣ
ܹʶʦҲԵɺϡ
һôãһֱͬ飬ò׺ƭָͬӣͬôһʱ䣬ûֻУͼˡ
˲֪ٸ취ûһɹġ
һӵĽ̳ϣʶһѣѸλʦ˵ǳ֮ǰҲôϣʦһ죬Ļˡ
ȥҽԺˣһԤڶѾȷˡ
ϲֻǿͷôһ˵δţǶԷóյB
֮ǰӣҲܹģ·ܹӵ·̡
ڻˣΪְ̳ҫ
Իϲƭˡ
ԷʦϵʽҲ˵ˣʦƢЩŹ֣Ĵʦ񣬲ദҪҲ󣬵ŶԷĳƢ
ԼҲԣƽʱֵĲС⻹ͦԣġ
ҳ߸һ֮ͬȻʵͣǿ
ΪĶ֮ǰָǮֻҪ㶨һУеǮģҲûвͷ
Щʹ
ϾֻǮִţɲһܹܵסġ
õϵʽ֮ȥνʦʦ䲻ȣϢûظȫ˵ģֻӵȡ
ֱֵĳ¸֮ʦƺŶȳ
ʾܰ죬Ҽ칦ܸãʾȸһĶʣµģ˻еϢ֮ٷ
ϲͷԷȣ˵תһʶȥ
ʦҲܿؾͰźһУҪĶĸ


88 
ʦûиĸʲô, ֻǱʾյ֮ҪԼһѪε棬߳ںһ, ιֳ¡
ѪΪúӳԺ, ĻϾԼҪ
Ҳû뵽ʦȻͨ, Ҫܰ쵽
ϲԽ, õ֮Ȳز𿪡
֮, һʺɫ⣬ڱ֮, ðź
Сһ飬ѪɫŨ, أһʱ֮Ҳʲô⡣
ⲢӰóСԼָһѪ
Ѫ֮ΪֻƽƽһС, Ѫ֮УȻ䶯Ѫ˲ոɾ
ŵһƨɶ, ͵ڵϣصɴ۾, 亹ֱͰͣǿ˵, ô£ôᶯ
аԼ۾, ǰȥ, ͷָղԼεǵѪ, ʧӰˡ
ԭѪɫ飬ʱ˿ƺɫøӵڰϣΪʱö췢һ
ղոɱɫȫͬңƺشһֶ
ʶס˿ڱǣ±ֺµؿǿ⡣
ֻͷƤ飬ʼԼҪҪ
ʱʦȻ˵绰
Ҫ֪ôˣʦϵһֱǷϢ
Թ绰ʦܾͨͨʦʾû²ô绰ϢУõ
ǽʦȻ绰ˣ
һͨ绰ûӸղŵĻ֮̿лعȴʦûаѪȥ
ͷ͵ʿˮ£ʦѪȥͱˣô£
ʦ͵һЦģǲ˵ѪѾСȥιŮѳԾˡ
ѿڶôֲܳԵġ
ʦͷһ䣬ǲͷ㻹벻ҪˣҪĻԼ취ιȥ
㣬ͷ֮ڲιȥĻܿͻʧȥáʱҪû㡣ʧȥãŮѵʱҲỳУǮҲǰ׸δβҲҪĸҡ
һһ뵽ԼȥǮһۡ
úúãιҾιʦ΢һΪ̫ˡ
˵⼸ӹ䶼һɳζֳֳĳֺʲô֮󣬷ͳŻĳζ
㣬ֻҪȥС
˵֮ʦ͹˵绰
ʿˮһűӣһ˳
øķʽ˳ֻʱǺƭȰģǳȥ
ȥ֮˿ĻϲصȴźϢ
Ȼʦˣû죬־ͿʼŻаһ飬Ļˡ
ϲĲһ߸ߣǰŬסˣתͷ͸ʦβ
ʦδ֮ǰһҪúչ̥֮󣬲ôںӶҩûа취
֣Խʦ
ǺθԽԽţԵԽ෴ݵԽ죬ҲЩľսҲѯʦǲ
ʦʾ
ٻЩǵȥƼʦѣŻ֮ǲԽθԽԽԽԽ࣬ǲַݵĿš
һֱûߣûܴе֪ϢֻĬĬȣҲ߾ȫذֲ¡
תͷؼҾȥ裬ǻĺܡ
󷨱ƣ̥٣ԷǲʲôĴʦ
ɭĻĶ𣬴һֲ
˵ʲô
͵վ쮵ϸߣд𾪶֡
ܱŬͬ·׷ͶԺɵĿ⣬ڴ쵼𽵹̧ۿ
ȫûǸȥע磬ֵضֻͷôܣ㲻˵Ĵʦô⣿
ʦ͵һѪ˫𺣬ɳƣӦ㣬ǲ˴ʦҵ󣿡
ĻңҲ֪ҽȥϲһֱҵ⣬Ѿܾûмˡ

ʦ޲ѣûõļһһڣźݻҪҸ֮Ľ˵ȥĻ֪ҵֶΣöС¡
˵֮ʦֱӾͽͨ
ĿضűƵ󷨣ڵĹʱݽȥգһԵĹ֮С
ѰôãѰϺõ̥ĸ壬Ȼô˸ˣ
춼Ǹİ
ܹɹ̥֮˭ҸеϴҪһ㣬ʱʱ̶̿ţ˶֡
ӿ䣬һѪٴӿ춼͵Ŀ˼ɫԽѿ
󷨵ģӦɽϵЩһ
ҲֻڼĹ⣬¡
ǣݵģ
Ȼ֪جֱ춼һв˶ˡ
ԭأֻãȻѣ֣һʱ֮䲻֪ԼһǺãʹ֮С
ʱԱ߹λϵ̲ͬס䣬ղŸ˭绰أʲô󷨣ǳʲôŮŮѰ軹ϳˣ
ͬǰԵĺܣ׷䣬Ͼǰ֪ĸˣͻȻţƵĺܡ
ȻǺһ°ߣǵž档
ΪʲôһӰ࣬Ļشǵ㹤ʲӰʱ䡣
ȻλͬĿɿڴУ뿪ƺһ㶼Լˡ
ͬ˽¶ţǲǸ׸ŮҪ޳ˣֱͦˣһ㶼Ļᱻˡ
һôоﲻԡ
ǸܺôóһʱûмŮأ
νĴʦʲôô£
亹εֱ˴״̬ͬ˵Щʲô
ʱ򣬰칫ҵĴͻȻ˴򿪣ֻһɷ˽ѯ
ټվǶл㱵֮󣬶˵ǰǰߡ
ͬǣ
ԲۣԲۣˡ
ҪʱȴһλװˣԷ΢΢һЦʾŮѵĸףЩҪ̸һ̸ҲҪģȻߵóһƬݸǾ
ǿ׳죬һ˵ľȴ̬ȷǳ𾴣˵ģһʱ֮䵹ǽЩˡ
֮ݽƬ֮һ˾ھĬ֮£عסͣסֱֽӴˣٲȻһֳ
ˣ
ˣŮѵļ£ǲߣøĿĸĿøķĸķϰ࣬Ҫԣ˵ļٹܣ°֮ǰһҪҷ
ȻڱˣüŨŨİ֮пڲزס˽СȺֵķ𣬶֪Ƿʲô


89 
ǲ, 󵽵ʲô飿ȻŮѵİְֶˣҲ٣òǸ˶ԷĶӰɣ
ȥҾп, ˵, ǸУòװǵһ׸, ϶Ǻ޲ذŪа
֮ǰôɪ, òͬ˵, Ůѻ˰ɣŻôˡ
Ҿ˵̫, ٷְپǹԼû뵽ŮѰְô񣬾ǸΨһıŮĶ, ҲеóѣȻǰְֺţѽ
ѽѽ͵ʴ, ͳղžǸŮѰְֵ̬ȣҲ֪Ҳ, ˵׼Ϊ˸λｻãֱӰ߳ȥ, ;˷ܡ
ûûʵҲǲˣԼ, ΪʲôأԼԼŬ𣿡
Ц, Ȼ, , Ҫһ׷ٷܶʮ꣬ȢǸ׸Ůѣʮ궼ʡˣ˭ϲһأ
ǣǵĻҲ˷ˡ
Ŭƽ˭ϲ˵һ主أ

˰Եʱ˿廨رҵı
ɥ֮Ȯһ㱻ӵ븸ĸǰëëһôŬֱԼ塣
븸ĸضſϵ˿ôһ۸ǵĸα
븸°ͣ˵ͷǰȥԼǿ˫ɫƤЬס
һһ£ѹӡڱĵذϣŽҲһͬ顣
еŭⶼҪͻƿֱֻǸ˶ȥ
۾ͨ죬Ѫ˿֮ϣͺҪһ
ڵͷмĮؿޱؼһʹ޳ֻϧͱģеǼƺ
Ȼĳ衣
޵˶鶯ͺˮϺĵϸߣȴôѲ˵֡
븸һʾⱣڼ£һקסͷͷķͣʱֳǱ˱֡
ôݺһץʹͷƤһһ飬ᶼҪĻʲôʱгģ˹ӲдԼŭԹޣҡβͳ븸ĸ֮⣬ûǸӲȥ
븸һųûñʲôѾ³Ů⵽ʲô۹⡣
븸ɴмһϣݺݵһ٣ֱıףʹһһִ
ȭͷƤһȥرö븸һߺźƣһţôòˣ˽ɰĲ
ʵ˭Ů
ǻ֮Ѫζ۵֧ûУӿһˡ
ſǶʹ븸ʣһ
븸Ȼ֪ˣô֪ģ
ûиֶ֣Դ˸һ֪븸ǴôĴʦƽʦ󷨣ʦ˷ŭƲ˸֮Ĺϵ
븸ݲԥ˼ûظֱӾͽ˶Ķһߡ
ߵֻԼ߹ǶҪˣ˵˵˵ˣ˵
ȻСũﳤ󣬵ΪΨһкԼﲻǰ軹ǽ㶼ǳ
ڴʱûµظɹϸƤ⣬Ǵûһôʹ
ʹѵĶӣ˫۶ҪѪеĺѹס˿ڴѪĭСҸһֱҪӣһֱûܻϣҲܷ꣬һһλ˵иʦһӵ԰飬Ҿ͸λʦϵˡ
ֻҪӵһԼĺӣû뵽ֻ⡣ôˣ
û°
̧һűϵ¶ĵŽ븸ĸˣ̲סЦ˼
Ϸϼһƭ
븸Ҳֻǳű֣һ룬ͼһһͰˮһק·ͷˮͰȥ
ϢʹƴȱʹԴʼ跢ͣǻУˮУıӿʼܣʼ
ŰۣоԼҪϢˮͰ֮ʱ͵קסͷ˳ӵ˵ط
ʱ˿̵ɫҰףݷͣͷˮʪڵʪǱ
ڵƴغ˵žһûúһͻȥһ
ϵˮݵҲܵ
ٸһλᣬһһʵظ˵ĻҾͰԶۡ
븸˹ؿڣɫƽǿ۾ŨŨ񣬿ͺһһ
һλᣬٲʵĻҿҲû˼ڵıҪ
ʵˣĸһʲôѻ
ȻʦͬҲ븸
ʦǷֶ߳Ī⣬ûиʦԼ֣Ҳûиʦ˵Լ飬ʦ֪ĽҪһʱ֮Ҳɡ
ǲʵʵؽ븸ܰС˽ˣ븸˾ذûκľ˫˫޳ɣҪ븸ͷ㹻ˣĻɾǲҪԼֽȥ͸븸
һֱ֪븸ţƣĻҲһǧСôá
Լȷʵ͹븸
һֱ˵жԲҪֻ̥һӣˡ
ΪֻҪ㶨֣븸ĸͲڻ£ڿʧ͹ˡ
Ҳû뵽븸ķӦ
߶²Ŵ꣬һһʮذʦ֮븸
븸ĸԽԽΡΡУҧǸ֨֨죬޲Ҫ̻ˡ
žһĸҲܲסصһ²輸úݵģŮ̸ôãȻ㵽ûĵģ
ĸʹļףؿڣһ뵽ԼƱŮԴǸһʹ
븸Ҳķ裬ҲñˣֱԼ֣žžž˦ȥĿ˵ͷת۵ֱ˵
븸йŭʹնû֪ﶼ³һű
Ŀڼǿŵʱ־ŭ־壬Կɼ븸жء
л˵


90 
㻹ң
Թ޵۾, 븸˵ǰһţֱֱؿ, ۵ǰһ, оԼҪҵˡ
ͣͣܵĺһ˲ϵۡ
Ŀʼ, 븸Ȩ, ڵ۶Ϣʧ, Ҳɵ顣
ˣ֪Ļ, Ͳ̰ȥʦҲʦûб, ôͱ˸󷨡
һûĸúֱ֢ȥҲᵣĵػȥ߿࣬Ҳ, ˼ȥʦûá
еǸʦϵʽҡ
Ҵһ£ҵֻϡ
ȥĶֻͳ֮ͽ븸
븸ҵǸ, ȥ飬Ҫֻӵһ, ȴͻȻһϢ
ûȤģǸպýƼ˴ʦ֣ע⡣
ֵǧҪǸʦĻ, Ǹƭӣ
븸˽ȥ, ͼԷµؿνĴʦȻϱ, ϱԽԽ, ˵θڴס
˺ݳһǼܣȥҽԺҽ˵û⣬Ͳ鲻ʲôԭ
ҲȥϵʦʦҲûлظκϢ绰Ҳֱͨӵжϵ
⼸һֱæʦҷϱû̳ûϢ
ǰ죬ϱûˣʹȴô޷ҵףԲŻ̳
Ͼڴ֮ǰҲ̳ʶĪʦġ
ʦûҵǷҲ˸һģһ״
֣ͬʱֺ޵ĲУƨʦһĶйϧûҵõĴʦ⣬Ǻϱû޿ˡ
ֵܣҪǿҵĻظϽϱȥҴʦɣȻĻϱһ°
븸һֶ֣ǶǱŵġ
Ҫû˼Ȱ»߿࣬һǼľͲǻŮŮʬס
ֻҪһ뵽ܣ븸ŭɶ͵Ľֻ󣬸պĶͷ۵һѣͷѪֱ
úÿνĴʦҪãŮˡ
۵죬һƬ磬ֻǰȥֻ۾׵ֳ֮𾪵۾Ȼʵпֻ͵۷΢΢һЩѡ
ŻָЦ
ӡȻ
㷢ĻҲǸʦ
ɶǸŮҪΪʲôһ㣿
а޲ѣ̧ͷ븸ĸʱȴŸίĸҲˣڲŻظң֮ǰʱҲ֪ʦˡҸֻҪһԼĺӶѣûҪ֡
ָһôˣҰô˺֪ũ壬Բָһ𡣡
ֻ죬Ҿô.䲻మġҲȷʵеС˼Ҫ㻳УҪֶĺǳңûܵ˺
ĸôˣ֪ûˣأǲǺܣǲǺʹࣿȥɣּһ˵ġҲҪʱ̰ο
ĸҲܲסһ¾վŭ𣬡㻹˵ֿ㣬õĿй
Ҷȥ𡣡
븸ĸȻޣǻʧȥǵҪӽι㡣
һʹķк֣ܶķ
븸ĸȻܻȥҪʲôǾʹݻʲôʱ޿̲ʹжȹ
븸ĸˣ֪һʹࡣ
Ϣ֮븸תͷϵԴʦ
ŮѾǵһܺߣ˵Է˲ٰӣòȻĺĿͽӦ֮úսǡ
ǾǮƣаƴġ
ֺ޵۵Ĵʦ˭֪ʲôµ
еȻҪеˡ
Դʦʱɴѯ븸ĸ˵顣
븸ϢԴʦ˵ǳҪ
ݺ²飬ȥȥǸ̳һ֮ͨ淢˲Ϣ
Ǹ̥Ĵʦ춼
춼ǺҲҲеѲŰߡ
һֱɢɢһͷɫӦǸͷ
ɢϰˣҲϰˣҲ׷Ƽݺ׵ӡ
ͻȻһӲس־Ҫǵϴ󣬻Ҫĸ£˭ѽ
Ҫ˵ϴͲǷУͰ̬ѵǡ
ǾͲˡ
һȥ˿춼ҲЩˬҶߥԴʦ̨
Դʦ춼պ෴ָԡ
Դʦƽ׽ˣ˺ƣӲΪԼԳ֮е˸߸Ͽ
෴ģܶԷǲԼˣܻ㼸䡣
˭ϲأ
Ϊ˿ڱֻ춼ϴʦжд̣þΪĴڣŻᵲһͳŵĻᡣ
ǧټƵؾԴʦ鷳ԴʦûᣬֻǲǷǣκ춼ԽԽ֣ŴƣԴʦ޿̲ųִ
һ춼׷ԼԴʦôܴܵ
ȥ˵ʱǶƴҸֹҪѹסԴʦ
ԴʦڸνֵʱԸо춼һаˡ
ĸֶζŨŨɷ
ԴʦӵͷۣȥǶŻǶͨ˵һ󻼡
Ȱ춼ͷǰ
춼ȴΪԴʦǰٴȱװˡ
Ȼϰݡ
һȥĹԽƫ˲ʵ飬ǵԹصԴʦò⼸ʦһҪ
ȴ춼ѡ
ԴʦԴ磬ֻǹ˼һֱƽ˾춼˲ҲǱסˣ
ʱթƭӲǣֹһʱԴʦҲڻǲǸ춼йء
ԲŻɽ
û뵽Ȼıټ
û뵽춼ȻĺЩ޹Ů˵ʵƷ
̥ĸ岻ǿ̥ûôϵĻ̥޷ͣĸܴĸܲס̥ɷ𣬲֣ʲôý


91 
û뵽⼸ȥ, 춼ûϵ󣬸аԽĶ, ԽĿɶ
Դʦôӵ, صһӣԼߵͽһȫָ˳ȥ, ȥ춼ټ
̥, 춼Ǳ⵽, ϶ҲܣǳҪĹؼʱ̡
ֻ, 븸ߵҲǳķ㡣
ſƼķչϿ˵û˽ġ
ֻҪ˽˵, ʲôעʲôAPP˽Ρ
븸Ϊ춼, ǼӴȥ飬ûþͲ鵽˶Է켣
ȻץʱѾעûйϵ, ΪǰĺۼڣֻҪڹĨˡ
븸İ, ԴʦҲܿ˶ԷĲ
춼Ǵξ֮ʵҲԼһο»زȥ, ҪԴʦϡ
Ȼ, ûͷڵټ
춼Ц, ȻЩԼڵ۶µĽɽ, ǹؼʱЩҪǱȻҪġ
뿪֮ǰ춼ɲ׵طŹ󣬻Դʦǡ
صһ׼СȻ֪˲ԴʦӦӦҲǿԵġ
Դʦͽȷ춼Ĳ֮͸˹ȥ
ŴɽһµСԴʦüͷ΢壬ܱ߶󷨣Ҫܽ롣
󷨶ͽ˵ѣ˵Сһ
ɵ󷨣֮춼ȴһ㷴ӦҲûС
ԴʦЩԣ춼ľ裬ֳĶûвǶԷڻ׼ʲô
ԸͽǲҪȫš
ͽصͷ춼Ҳ֪ǰʦ֣һɥ֮Ȯһɽûá
û뵽ôԺ󣬾Ȼ˷ˡ
һʦ
ԴʦС΢С󷨣󷨲ûʲôѶȣǲһһ֣׼ͽܽ롣
ͻ⣬һͽһСĲȵһשֻһһͻȻͻŨֱͽܵڡ
ͽܸӦҽһ˺

Դʦóľֱ룬֮γɵŨأͽܻȫסϵѪ֮Уɪɪë϶˱
ܱߵͽ֣ܿԴʦƿ֮ʩһŻѸĬͬʱɿŷһݵһ·УͻȻ֣Ķ⡣
֮еž졣
еͽŸоԼ·ҪغЩ
֫ٺеѪҺؿʼʣ๩Ѫָɷ׷·ûѪɫҲָ˺
һľžһֱһ򵥵ľٶֱݵһ±·ѪѻУų
֮Դʦܱߵľϵʩͽܵ֫ɣȻõ󣬵ȴ۵ͽܿסֱС
ĴĵطȫϵƤⶼ񱻴һ룬һƬǺÿ
һģѾʼѪֺѪ
ĺѪɢһζ
ܱ˶̲סͷƤ飬Ƥֱ
ԴʦľͽܸѨλǳɼ򵥣ʵÿһĶҪɾҪʩÿһȫƵλãȷۻȫʧ
һ˵ԴʦɫЩףͽܶѾһϢ״̬
Դʦȫʤʱڣ˵㲻ʲô
ո춼ֻ̥ѾˣûкúͼŲ춼飬ټϵ󷨣Խ
ȷϽк˵Ļȫͽ֮ܵԴʦջľҲð˲ٺ顣
ʦû°ɣ
ͽæΧȥһ˲Դʦһȥͽܵ
ͽܴڻ֮У²֪ȻǾȻˣǺ֢С
úú塣
Դʦڰ֣ɫЩף΢΢Ϣû£һסȫ棬Ҫ߶Ҳ춼϶ֻʣôһ塣չ˺
ͽ֪ͬȷʵǵǵĴڻᵢԼʦ£Զɵվڰȫ򣬽ŵؿʦŶ롣
Դʦɫ˼ﰲտյûκζ
˫ϵɨܣɵľ˲塣
ԽԽΪһ󷨣ȫõֶΡ
ҶԷżķ
Ϊ󷨱ƣҲܵȥ
ҪôҪסǣϧȫʶˡ
Դʦһ·ɫҲԽĲ԰
ĵԽ࣬ҲԽ顣
ȵ󣬽ȫһ飬Դʦ˶ЩΡΡ
ͽǺòƼʦֵӰæŵӭȥ
ʦô
춼𣿡
潹صȴûκεĶ
Դʦҡҡͷ˼ڣǹ󷨣Ҫǡ
ϧʶƣȻܣࡣǵץʱϿҵӦ㵽ǻţǰ뿪
߶ҪһȻ춼
ʦȥҾˣ̫ˣ̫࣬ҪúϢ
ǰʦĵľʵ̫ˡ
Դʦôģҡҡͷû£ǲҪģȫ춼ټһҵ㱨Ҫ
ʱҲˣһĺ㲻ûƹˤܾˡ
ʦģǾԲ嶯ġ

춼Ǳߣһ³סؿڣ˺üѪǳ⳵ʦһ±ƣ۳ŶԷҡҡλξҪ뿪⳵ʦϽסȵѣû°ɣ˺öѪҪҪȥҽԺ
춼ؿڣ㼱жȥ
⳵ʦסֵģҶԷǴģһڰ·㲻ûΪ¡
ΪԷһ⳵ʦ˾һһʮؽ齻˳ȥ
ӵ̱ʾѰңó⳵ʦҪġ
ߣ븸յ춼ܵϢһ֪Դʦһͻϵּˡ
̲ס̾˿ϰµġ
һץ븸˵Ѱ
ŮĿǰΪֹڰ״̬
ȻҲѹΣѵʱ䶼̫
ҽ˵أұҲԽԽȶٹЩʱӦþûʲôˡ
Ȼҽô˵븸ﻹǵģԽǵıԽǺס
绰˸ʹӣ»ظϢû쵹ˡ
Ϊ֮ǰɷץ鱻鵽ˡ
֮û죬ͺʬͷҳͷɷ
븸֪֮ǿҪЦˡ
˶Ҫ鷳
л˵

ǶʱˣҵĴQAQ


92 
븸һ㶼¾, Ϊм֤ӳȥʱȻſһЩ, Ǻô, ˵븸û֡
ʬͷԼԭҿɲϡ
Դȴ, ϾѾŮ̸, δ, ǰ븸ĸìܣĺû, ѪҽԺȡ
ڶڻ֮С
ҾôһŮ, 븸شһıڴҪ˵븸ûɱǸģǾԲŵġ
븸ûĶ֣һǡأ
Ǯ˼һҲ
븸, ɫ侲͸ǰʮľ, Ц˵ʵ, ȷʵǺ޵ġŮԼȴƨɾ, ҪǷŹ, ҾͲ䵱ס
Ҳ֪һʹࡣԲǼ򵥵͹ˡԽҪʲô, ҾԽòʲô, ԽϡʲôҾԽҪݻʲôʹ࣬Ҫġ˵ҪŸ˵ˣҿ¶֪
Ҳֱ׵ظǣǹʱҸսȥ鷳ҪǼԭ˾ҾʹĹڣĶҲ⻹ֻǿͷ
참ܸо븸ޣҲĲ븸뿴ġ
ģ˵ǻȥġ
ʱĸ˷ܵشӶ¥ˣˣҽ˵״̬˼˵⻰ءǸϽȥҽԺ顣
븸һվϲ𣿡
͵һ֣һĸղŵĮ벻ͷ˵ϵӶЦ
̫ˣȻõϢ
һŮˣһȻѶ
Ťͷ򾯷֮ǺεĿϲ
ǾκⶼԼȥ飬ĳûԲǲ顣
˵ǿܲţˣҾﻹʧءûһʹģˣѽͷ֮ޡô˵ȷʵǴһϢ
ʲôˣ
ĸһ𾪣ôأ
عĸҲһźҲ̫ˡ
򾯲죬ʵôģУ?żʧ
һۣһصϱֺڽͷҽϷ˶ദ˺ۡ
ˣ˵ǿܲţȻըѡ
ǵģû
ըѡ
ڲըѣ͸ϷƵģû˿⣬Ψһ̲Ѫۡ
õʬ챨ʱ򣬾Ҳ±ơ
ǻֽʲôƵ𶯵ϣŻᵼ֡
ĻΪʲôֻϻ⣬ٺӰ죬ʲôҲ̫˰ɣ
ĸƲƲ죬ϵЩǣ˵Ҳ֪ΪǰǼߵʱһ˵ģúúõġ
ȷϹ˲Žȥġô򵥵ˣ̫ˡ
Ƿޣ˵Ļһģһġ
֪ԼйϵǰͲƲ壬ΨһҲ⣬֤ݡ
֤Ҳ֤ݡ
֪Լ֣Ͳ⣬ԲŻη壬뵽ɶ˵ɶ
ͳ޵̬ȣ참ľҲ
λûʲôµĻôǺϵҪҽԺҽԺȥҵŮ
Ҳʶʱ񣬹ٷ˵˼仰֮󣬾ͱӶ˱
ûãǾͼųһɫγ͵شӴʻ
ϷȻȥɣǾղŵһѯʣҷǾǲġ
ûҲôģʻʱҲϢͬ£ȥĹǻظ˵븸ߵһǹ˾ľͰˡ
Ҳ˵յǱߵϢΪ󡣡
һ֪Ѿˡ
ȷʵˡ
ҾȥʱҲ󱻶֮Ҳûȥ鷳
෴ģΪ˾ˣĲУƣֿʼĴѰµĹ
ݷҽʱԼ¼ʾΪڣпƣҹȥƣȻ·ϵġ
ΪڼǣԾ֪ʱ׷ʲô顣
һ˳ǸطĻһᱻ㡣
һʱ󣬲ûκ˳ûֱڶ˷ʬ壬ʧر
һ׽͸ʽþǼ֡
Ҳǰ븸ߵ
Ǽÿ춼ȥҽԺŮȷʵûʱ䡣
Ҫǲ֪ôġ
ûܷߣû취ʱƶôµġ
һƬѪĭǶôµĸƵ
Ҫ˾׼شﵽĵز
ҳ֮⣬ͷ۵ǶԷôɱʧڼ֮С
ȻǴڼäֽӽĻȻҪطΧģΡ
ǲһһΣֳֿһһ飬ȷûطܹ÷뿪
Ǹ˵ôİô˳شӷֳ뿪ġ
ǶԷס⸽ס
ǸסҲ߷ùʶ󣬸Ҳûκεĳ
ͬʱҲ븸֮Ĺϵûκ⡣
Ҳûжʲô·Ǯ
ӣ˵ͷԽ⡣
Ǿģ븸ǱֻһƬЦ
Ů븸ĸ˵ۿˡ
ؿǣરવص̥֮ǻ֮ǰЩ£ֺѹ
֪ˣԺҲ᲻ǵĻˡǲҼ޵ˣҿ϶޵ġ
û뵽ܰġ
˼ո˵ʱͲţʵͰǰݲš
֪ԼжɵжԲԼĸĸ
ĸĸαؽţȻϣŮ£ȴǲַʽ
븸Դϻο֪ͺã֪ͺãԺɲðôˡ
˵棬ּװʾҲ֪˭ɵġ
һ㶣ζӳ£Ȼ󣬵էһѶֲ⻹Щ˻
ܿҲѹ
Ҫǿĵĺ赣ġ
ֲӰ죬븸ĸ˼ܸˣڴеħ߳ˡ
̫ˣ


93 
۶ֵ÷, ׾ƾߣȷʵ൱̹
¿ĳɼѾˣʱ, ˿¶΢΢Щı, ǲ֮־þȻ
ȻҲµ˰׾ƾƣ꼶һ
ҵ, ĻȻı׾ƾ꼶һλ, Ҳ̫˼˰ɣ
ʲôò˼, ϴﾺĽʱҾ֪һ¿ǰ׾ƾƶռͷ
׾ƾƿ, ķҧúܽÿһŹβѹ, ѹ֣ܷҲһλǺױġ
˵ǰĻһ, һα׾ƾ˵ڶʲôо
Ļͬѧ¶Щ΢ı飬һҲ, ڰİ׾ƾƹϵǳ
ļٵģȷĻ˲ļһиͬѧŮͬѧϵһ𣿡
ǵȻ, ƭʲôǰϵͬѧǿ϶˵һ
¿׾ƾǸĻͬһ, ûܵκεӰ, ǰͬѧĻദʱ, Ҳûзκε, Ƕڻɣǰ׾ƾƵѧѹסĻùˡˣǰͲð׾ƾƸĻأ
ĻҲܹ̹һЩöﵣ¡
ͬѧ֣˽ôõ𣿡
ǿɲһμľҹ޵Ľ󣬲ǰ׾ƾǰĻĿĻȥǰ̸⣬һʼʱ˶±ˡ
ȷʵ±ƣΪǵӡУ׾ƾƸĻ֮Ľԡ
ôͻȻͷչزأ
Ҫ֪Ļһҹ޽֮󣬹شſڽ׾ƾǰѾ뿪ͬѧλʱڰϵͬѧ˵Ǳţͬ´½
ǿĻǿù˲˵仰СпܻᵹùϲŮӶҸ׵Ļ
ôǰ༶óĿһϰΪ׾ƾ۵ļƣ
Ҳ̫˰ɣ
Ҷ¹Ļʱ򣬸ͬѧͬԣСڰ׾ƾƸĻ֮תתȥǰı͵͵ҧ䡣
ûȣϾڼԼ׾ƾƵĹϵκ˶ãҲ֪Ļùԭġ
׾ƾƾù˲Ĺؼ
ȽϺǰ׾ƾǲǸĻֵĵ㣬ĻŻӽ׾ƾơ
ȻĻĻôܻ
˶涼ֹȻԵλȴǸͲЩԹԵ۾Ŀ
һҹ޽֮Ҳˡ
Ļѵã飬˵¿ĳɼ
׾ƾһЦűǶƣóãǼ֮һΡһܹӮġ
ĻֳЩЦ⣬ɣҵǾһܹӮ㡣
Ǵơ
Ʋõȵһ¿ˣ첻ǾˣʱԳϼ
׾ƾƿǺĵġ
ôŬָĻһͨͬôãÿҹ޽һһ״ʦ쾺Ŀụֽ⣬Ա˴˶Ա˴֮˽˵൱
Ļʵ£ȥͿ˭ʤһ
֮ķԷİҲš
ֻ׾ƾƸĻһҪԾʱһֱ󷽣Ҳҹ޽֮һӵ߹ʦʦûжи뷨
ֻǾѧһͬǺ¡
ںӻ᲻
λο͵͵ضй۲ֲ˭ȥ˭İ༶ÿζдԾżͷͷһ̸ܽҲڽ⡣
֮ƯĶѧϰ֪ʶϢûഺ¶㺡
λʦǳģͲ๵ͨһѩѧУʡԶǰʮǰܡ
¿һѧĳɼһ˵ƽ˲٣⻹Ҫ׾ƾƵĹ͡
ҪͬѧҲܻȡôɼ
ˣʱ򣬰೤ʱһȥɽף˳Ҳɢɢģɷɡ
Ͼȥɾĩˡ
ĩǾҪ׶Σʱ͸Ӳи
Ϊͬѧв̶ͬȵĽҲǳˣԷ׷Ӧ͡
Ȼɽǰ׾ƾƣ׾ƾȻҲӦˡ
Ҳ飬ȻҶ£ôþܾ
ڶͬѧ֪֮Ҳ²Ҫһɽ
ǻͱһļ
೤ڰ˵ʱ򣬲ͬѧӻʾҪȥ
ϾҲļɽĲҪһȥҪġ
󲿷˶ӦˣС˾̫ȣǼ̫Զûвμӡ
೤ʵĻʱʵҲ̫ϣ
ΪÿμĻǲμӵģΪ೤ǻ˳һ䡣
û뵽ĻһͬѧҲμӵʱ򣬾ȻһԴʾͬ⡣
೤
ⲻ
ĻȻһҲμӼˣ
ѵΪҲ֪˰ͬѧѾҲû˵ǵùĻˣ
㶵ŶһصԼλϣ̲סԼͬ˵¡
ͬһǶͦĻֿ˿һ𾪵İ೤ֵ೤Ҳ̫Ŵ£һֻʥ˰ɡҶ֪Ļ׾ƾƵĹϵˣ㻹֪
೤ãɶɶɶɶϵɶϵ
û˵
ͬε̾˿֪ԼҰ೤ĳѧϰɶҲܣ㽫һʱ׾ƾƸĻ֮ദ˵һ顣
೤һɴ۾ŵŤͷĻȷû˵һǸѧ׾ƾƣȻڸĻ̸
ʦǶ֪û
ͬһصͷԵûҶ֪ˣʹˣ꼶Ͱ೤飬ɶҲ֪
ǿǿǡ
೤𾪵ؿ˰죬û˵
ľȣΪҲǴӳпʼ͸Ļͬѧ
Ļùͷ쵱ûŮҿ
ҲûмŮ
ôͻȻ̸֮أ
ʦǾȻϲּ
Ҳ̫˰ɡ
ûǴĻǰиͬѧʦ̸󻹽˼ҳ
˿޵һѱһᣬȷ֡
ǰεĻٰĻôͲһء
ͬһͿ͸˵ģűԼǰȣһı飬ǻΪǿǿϣ̸ûǵˣˣǰϵǶСһ̸֮¿ɼ˲֪٣ΰԧ첻ǻ˭
೤ŵͷЩ


94 
֮ܶ, Ļ׾ƾƶ֪£ĪͱճһԣһΪǷּ
ɲǷּ
ǻҿİζֺǺǵ̸, ʱʱԾ, ʾƽʱཻ๵ͨ
ʦڸǴ̸, ɲЩ͵͵С¿ڲ
ڰ, ͬѧŬ, ʲôʸƽ
ˣ
ΪҪɽ԰׾ƾʱҲûؼ, Ǵ˸绰м岻ȥˡ
ڶһ, ͬѧǱؾѧУſڼϣ༶ʮˣȥ׳֡
Ƿȥ˾ѧУһСʱ·̵ɽ
ɽǵߵɽռҲǳĴ, ֲïʢСﷱ࣬ÿܴ֮ϲɽ֮ء
ӳ֮, ׾ƾͷɽ˸, һڳһСʱͷɢˡ
ǰɽҲа׾ƾƶ˼־ϲ, ΪɽϲЩ
Ϊɽڲ, Ҵδ̤, в, ʧִɽȷʵһȥ
ɽһʵĿ˵Ҳ彡
ߣǳ
೤϶һСģʾͬѧǲҪӡ
ΪβμӼͬѧʵ̫࣬԰೤ǻ˴ȣͬѧͳһʮһʱɽ¼ϣʱҿԷɢԼɽԼ档
Ͼôˣܻߵÿ죬ܻߵģ԰೤ҲǿһҪǰ˵Ĳ
ɽֻһ飬һ¸飬˵һҪɽС
ɽɸˣǰ೤ǶûǸ㣬ֻŵɽ֮㷵ء
ߴҶǸˣڻ߶
ǰʮӣ⻹Ǹ飬棬ҽطɢһСŶӣ˵˵ЦЦֲѡ
׾ƾƱǸҶ¹ȼŮһߵģżһͷƼĻһ˸ţܱûһͬѧͬС
ͬѧǻżֻϰ˶ͬѧԼʶرܿˣһȥҲû˲ʶȤعȥ
׾ƾ룬Ļ֣ͬѧһ𣿡
ܱߵŮһ׾ƾкĻ¶ŶӴҾ֪飬׷Աȥûһ׾ƾ߾Ϳˡ
ԭ첲ʱ˿̶Ҷ¹һԣһ±Ƶıô£㻹㵱ݰ

ɶݣ
ǰɣƾߵô֪Ļ̸𣿡

˭ģô֪׾ƾƸĻ̸ˣ
ܴ֮ǰ̵ؾԼ׾ƾƸã˭Ȳ׾ƾ֮仹Сܡ
û뵽׾ƾƾȻһܣұ˶֪ˡ
̫ˡ
ԹؿŰ׾ƾƣֱһ±ơ
ܣָղŻ˵ЦӵŮʮǧԶؼһԹؿǸĺһ㡣
׾ƾƣ
УԶģҪ˵ĵĻ
ڰ׾ƾƵʱĻǰĿⲻӹ⼸Ů׾ƾƲߣ˵˻
׾ƾƵעܿͱߣ˲Ծ˵˾Ŀ
ŮǶң㣬üŪۣ
ûУûУҪǹȥ׵ľǵѽ
ɲֻû뵽ǳˣȻôҵҵĿ̫ţˡ
˵ѧѧΪʲôһ𣬻ǸЩһԭġ
ɲ˵𣿡
˵˵ЦЦŲɿ죬ЦܿʹӰ׾ƾƵߴ׾ƾ̧ۣϵıഺЦֵģ
ҲԾ¶Ц⡣
ð
ĻƽؿţŲͬ˵ĳ밲ȥǸ绪ï꣬ɣϴǦ
Լʸ˴ĸо
˵ŻŲƣɽ¿ĿԹǲԴ⣬֪ôģĪǰͬѧ˺óһξ롣
׾ƾǰ˼ԭ
ΪĻ
ΪλȵĹͷɽĲƵʶ䶯
ͬѧ֣ûһǰ˺üףأͰ࣬ûӿ
ټһֱĿ֪ؾͷ˽ŲȰ׾ƾƷӦʱ򣬲ŷǰͷѾƲͬѧӰֻļǴ˵
Ļϰ׾ƾƿ񣬲Եüôˣ
׾ƾЦЦǰĴ£죬ˣϽȥ
ȻĻ㲻õǴɽǻûһء
Ļͷհ׾ƾƵ˼ӿ˲˵̨ףתʱȴǲһӭײ
׾ƾƸϽקסһԼߣԭ̵ļʱ˿̺񱻻һ㡣
Լļûм϶İ׾ƾƣƯĽë޳Ũܣգ䣬ƺǲ·
߲ĹӰ׵ĶͷϣһӰҲ֮ζĺҲ˶
ȻĻ쳣ȴûб׾ƾƿУעȫͻȻֵϡ
ˣɫҰףݿ̱ƺ֮ǰûɾѪ
Ŀ䵽Ļϵʱ΢΢Щ죬תʱ򣬾Ĺһе̰һࡣ
׾ƾšüһ뽫ߵĻƵһԣˡ
ƺͬˡ
ֻǰҪ֡
춼ǰഺŮҲЩϲ
û뵽ôһСطȻĴڡ
һɷǣù˲Ȼ࿴ȥ主󣬵վֻǱѣһĸ»˫ȫƼǿ
˼ʺһЩ󷨣Ǳĸʹá
ǽ̥ŮϣԲ֮ǰǸֻŮһ;ϡ
춼һ˿˷̰ŮѧһҪߡ
ߵǸ춼ҲҪˣˣҲȥˡ
µǾͷϵһ
뵽춼¶˼֮ɫ
ɽǰһ϶벻˶ĺûɫ
ｫ˶ˣԵĻɽ϶ǰûκá
뵽춼Խ˷ܣ쿪ͬצ־ҪϮȥ
ĻһԣǰҪס׾ƾƣ׾ƾȴǱһ˵ס󱳵·ؽһקȻ󷨾һεӵϣײ춼ָϣɢһɽζ
춼һæջ֣ݵ¶˼ı飬һ˫۾ɲصǰŮ
ô£
СȻˣ


95 
СѾͷ, ʦкδ
춼֣һ˫۾ضǰİ׾ƾƿСѾͷ, Ƿ绪, ϼһЩޡ
̥ĸ嵹Щϧˡ
ȻĿ, ʱͷһơ
òɫ, Լѵ, Щɫ˸Ӳġ
뵽춼׾ƾƵĿԽڴ, һ´еĶŨĶγˡ
ĽҲˡ
͵ǰ, ׾ƾƻֺĴʱΪöһߣͬʵĽһâ¶
ϵĺҲΪ, ԽצƵƵǰȥ
һȴûͬһŬؽסҶĺ෴, ʵʵؾʹǶһźΪ
׾ƾƿźѵĻ, ݵһ·ǰˣ˻֪Լù˵ͷŸ, Цһ
׾ƾһ, ˫ֽӡɿ, ڵľٶ, ٵر⣬ݵһ£˵۾
춼ܿ͸Ӧ˿ĲЩؿ׾ƾơ
ڰ׾ƾ͵ʱ򣬻ǳӴѧʲô֪ҲʲôѧﶼǿĿİǰŮȻΪˡ
һʱ춼ȻЩʡ
춼ѲŰܾɽܸ֮Ტ۵ģֻǸԵģһȥʮСѾͷƬӾȻ츳ҪڣȻ춼Щ޷ܡ
и¾ҪԼĿܡ
ɽϵǰһ֪ôӱУһֻᴷض㣬Ѫ͸ˡ
춼һЦһض㿪׾ƾƻӳȥı⣬ʩȥ
ⱻضϣ׾ƾƲ⣬ĻԱһƣͬʱץһѺ
ϣڳһţڰ׷ǿ
ܱ߿춼˶λ
ɫһ۾һУԭɢ̬Դ
Ѿͷˢӡ
˽֣磬С
˿õĻػᷢǺֻ춼ܣȴŰ׾ƾƣΪ׾ƾƹԷڡ
۵һ춼סؿڣ͵һѪ
׾ƾƳɵİ춼ʱľ鱾ԱܿκĻĺڸʹǴӲʧġ
ڶʱ򣬽±һʯͷһ£ǵûܳɹܣһģֱš
һ춼壬㻯ΪУ֫ٺ֮зŰʹľϣַϼˣŻһѪ˿š
ʲôֶΣ
춼Ŀ㵵ؿǰһ˹İ׾ƾƣԴʦ춼ûôֹ
ҪëѾͷʩõͺҪǮһģһһ½ϣûͣõȴָĹ
Ҫ֮УȻһЩͲõĻ
ѵһһҲƫˣ
ܣƫԼֵʱȻ֣춼óߵľͳѧ
ʲôֶΣܹƷ͹ˡ
׾ƾ˵سЦЦûһޣȻ˳ĻץһѺ֮С
һһڰޱӦ˶
Ļһʼޱȣ濴׾ƾռϷ磬㵽һеš
׾ƾһߴһ߲ľٶ˰ԾķŲŲ
ôܻõ
춼ڰ׷ޣ˶ˣ԰׾ƾƸղĵ䣬ܻѽ
ƫƫ˼Ҳĺܣൽôһǰҫ
춼б𾪵
ѷ޵֮ϡȱʱԼ
׾ƾأ֮󣬾ûԷùͺؼΪʹһ㡣
٣
ԭͼ츳ڣԶԼߵ춼Խļʡ
ü褺Ѿ㹻㣬ôϾͲӦٳֵڶ֮ӣš
׾ƾ֪룬ضǳЦѡ
һ͵ĴˣȻСۣǸ˶
׾ƾ˦˦ԼеޣĴڵϷ죬Ŀ
͵̧֣䲻⣬ݺݵ˦춼ֱ˴Ƥֱڵϴ
춼ҪȴطԼڵ᲻˺ʹãҲϵȻ޸ɢˡ
ɢˣ
춼˶±ˣȻܱɢëѾͷʲô
˳Ƥ˿˽ȥ澡ҡڡ
ܿ춼Լ
ƴһ˿׾ƾƵĹ˫ۼҪѪ⵽ʲôֶΣ
֮аֶΣʦҲ
֮ǰЩֶθȺϹŶƴʱ򣬻Ⱥ˳ʧһʹģͷ·ʲôݵһ㡣
ڿ֮ԱΪѧȽȽһǵˣȻҲһֶΡ
ѵǴ˵еĳǰƺˣǰɳ̲
춼ʮѾҪʱ̭
ڵСᶼֵز
춼ãҲԸš
׾ƾƿøϻڲı޴춼ʱҲʾĻ
˾쵽ʱ򣬼ıڣ˿ڣݿµӷسǰСĸȥ
СƺǱŵˣýгɰ׵д˾֣ˮĴ۾ڿǵʱ򣬾ͺ񿴼һ
߸߸ݵǸһֱСߣȥʱ͵һ˹ȥ
һŲ׺ݣʵֽϻߵֱˤڵأˣûץ
𶯱𶯡
ס˫ѹڵϵ춼ûӦ׷ʲôһ˫Ѫ۾ضŲԶ·ܵ˾ţһץĻ첲֣δİ׾ƾơ
ʲô
ע⵽׾ƾƺµ񣬾ǳ⣬ʲôأŻ˼С
˵ţͽק˫
ץס֮󣬾Ǻɫ׾ƾĻˣº͵ѯʵǷʲô¡
׾ƾС˵վĻߣӨСѩһƬЩЩŵؿǱץģݺݵضԼ춼һۣᣬ΢΢Ĳ
壬ʵҲ֪˭ҽͬѧһɽǰͬѧߵĿˣʣҸͬѧں档ͻȻ֣ȥģ˵־ҪץǣŵøϽܡҿüʱȻĻҸͬѧ֪Ҫôźá
˵ţСۿ΢죬۾һƬ·ǳ淺һƬƬ˿ϧѡ
ղűִñӳ춼
СѾͷƬӣȻף


96 
춼û׾ƾ˵Ļ, ̲סŽţǱϹ˵Һġ
׾ƾ˾һ, ץĻ½, ƺǱ춼׵Ӹŵˡ
ίͰ͵С, ƭ, ô˸, ô˵ûдʲôôܰ˳
֪ܳʱ, ѾˣƵ, ̫ɶˡ
СģǾڣԻᱣİΣò˺ǵġ
Ļǰһľ, ֿѹǶıӶ˵춼ٴץԼ½, һСİ׾ƾƣüëѹѹ, Ĵᶯ˶͵壬Ҿ˺ɡղǰʱ, һ仰û˵, ְץߡһ˻飿ϣǺúòһ, ˸㲻þӵ˷ӡ
׾ƾҲƴصͷ, ԵĶԵģûղǵÿ£ŵҶˡ
ɫԽĽģһǲҪ£ǵһ±¼
õġ
׾ƾƹɵصͷɽʱ򣬻صش˸绰ǰİ೤ɽһӷҿʱϵûгʲô£ǵȥһ±¼ð೤õġ
˳˵һĻһİ೤Ҳһ䡣
೤ӵ绰ʱŵû궼Ҫˣ˭û뵽һɽһ飬Ȼ⡣
Ҫǣġ
ҲΪ˴ٽͬѧ֮ĸ飬ôû뵽ð׾ƾƳ⡣
೤ھμˣϽôȽͬѧͬѧҲǲѣ׷ױʾҪɽȥҰ׾ƾơ
Ǵͷɽȥպɽ¸׾ƾϡ
ƾƾƾƣû°ɣ
ƾˣ׷ʲô飿
ҵģ˭ôô£
ΰǺܺõôôµ飿Ǵ񾭲ҽԺܳĲ𣿡

ͬѧǵǵؽ׾ƾΧסھ춼¶־ı顣
˿ȥһǺ˵ӣҿüʱȻĻǿҪ
׾ƾ¶ЦҲҪģû£û˵˿ͬѧ߱ңҲļʱҰȫĺܡ
һͬѧһԳĬͬɰذͦĻ׷¶мЦ
ͬѧлл㣡
ͬѧǸˣ
ͬѧҺڡͳ飬ѧǶͬˣ
Ļ׾ƾɶ£

һʱ֮䣬Ļ˴ҸмĶ֣ץסĻ֣»ε
Ļ˶˵ͳ֣ɫҲԽĿ˰׾ƾƵϣ˼ֵǡ
׾ƾƻһЦûϵģͬѧҰϵͬѧֻǺܸлң̫˶ѣ㲻þò˼
ĻҲػȥװ׾ƾƵ˼
һͬѧװΪüĿ飬ϾС飬Ļڰ׾ƾǰǿӢ۾max
ܱߵǵȻʧֿʼüŪۣǶٺٺٵЦЦĻ˵һ±ơ
ԼղŷӦ˼ҵĳ֣ΪʲôԼǰǸһһļǰЦ˵ţֵ԰
Ļ̫ʲô
ѵΪûȺڶѾ֪ͬЩʲô
ˣͬѧǣҶɢ˰ɣҪ󾯲߲鰸
ȷĻ׾ƾûˣҲûκ⣬ֻǸ澯ȥЭ飬¼ڹİ೤ʼкͬѧҪĹ
׾ƾƱʾӾֳȺﱨƽ֮󣬱ĻϾ뿪ˡ
뿪֮ǰָᵯĴƮϵЩͬѧմȾĻĺ
춼һһУͻ
Ѿͷô
ʵ㡣
һԣһקס죬Ӵקصλϡ
춼ıǿֱð̣ʩѵѵԷȴִʱ˿̵ûǸ
׾ƾѹƵģһ㶼ȡ
춼Ϊʱģȴǲ֪Щѹסرڵĺɡ
ʱһãѹʧȥЧ춼ҲطյĻԻ͡
ϣ׾ƾóֻɿظĻ˸Ϣ
һоͰողҸ˵Ĳö˵
ĻֻĽë΢΢̵ػظһ֡
ֻһԵİ׾ƾƣɳظߵŮ˵ж£źۼظԷڿӣĻ۵̲ס˵Ц⡣
İ׾ƾƵǱոɰһЩ
˾ñ¼֮󣬾ԭ֪ͨ˵ĸĸӵģǰ׾ƾƱʾʲô²Ҫ赣ģĻʾԼĸ˫Ҳ˵ʲôֻ·Сģ֮ǻȥˡ
춼ѹѶҡ
춼߰ڵ۶Ƕʱ䣬ʶ˲ٴٹˣЩСطľ죬ôˣرʾҪ绰ҵ۶ĳĳԱ
Ѷľ쵱Цˡ
Ǹ
ȻԷ˵УԼ顣
Ǻܿϵ˵۶Ǳߣѯ춼ϡ
۶ߣ춼ˣϱѿɲֹϵһټҰƲԹǱҲͽ춼Ϊˣ׷ټ
߾һʣǸ˺Ϣ
ϵľһüһһȻǸѧթƭ˺˲иֱذ
ڵ۶ֵҪ£ϵľѹ춼˵۶
춼ôҲû뵽ԼСطܷͷģŵһ죬˻ûɽţͱץ˵۶
һɱ˷ȥġ
еˡ
ΪѺؾ·ϣ춼Լڵôز
ҪѺԼľֽţÿÿᷢЩֽȫɵԼˡ
ʹøӵҡ
һ·춼ĵùҲǴ۽硣
ͦصģǲϺúˣԼԼԼڵһϢ͵۶еʱ򣬶ԷΪǶ˽̡
ߺܿ͵֪춼ץ飬֪ͨԴʦԴʦҲвȨƵ
֪۶һаڣЩȻǰͲϽ
ڶ෽Ŭ춼Ϊ漰ɱ˰д̡
ͥʱ춼ŵشŭ˵棬дʣҪʩ
Դʦܵģȴ춼ƺ˵⡣
ķˡ
춼Ҳ֪ȻĻҲܻʵʵرϷ̡ͥ
ʩܵˡ
Ҳǿ֮ĩĶѡ
ǸѾͷңǸѾͷҡ
춼ڷͥϷ裬ܿͱȥĽѾע
춼Լû뵽߳ƵԼȻһСѾͷϡ
Դʦ˵ģЩ档
Ѿͷ˭


97 
춼ôץ, Դʦǰ븸˵ԷܵһСسǣ֪ô, ǶɽȤ, һɽ͸ĩȥɽĸײˡ
Ҳ֪һǲǼɫ⣬ȻҪ, ҿ, һס춼, һ
Ҳʱϵ춼Ʒ
ԴʦЩʱ, ʵķǳĲ죬춼ɫ޸, һֻ˼ƶ˵Ͳڵġ
˼ȥ˵пܡ
Ҫͨô춼ֵѣҳɹֱġ
Ȼ춼սֵʱˣǾͬԴʦڵһ, ˲춼ûа취
ܽһߡ
Ҫ˵븸Դʦ춼ץʱǳҡ
϶˿, Ƥ֡
Ҳʹ˭ɵ, 춼ȴ˵
Ϊⲻϵ̬ȣŻԽľԾ
ǵ۶Ǳϵ֮󣬱Խȷ˵, ǿ϶Ϊй
ȴǲ֪춼˵, ֻǾö
һ, ʮС, ܰʦ˳ʹò춼ּԸ԰ˣô˵óڡ
ΪֹҶ֪ϵ˵ôɵġ
ΨԴʦĥ᲻춼˵ǸŮйϵ
ټ븸ΪӴЩ飬ԶκξòԾ鶼ǳ衣
ϸϸָԴʦ˵ˣ춼ѹϵ۶ʱһЩù¡
ԴʦźӣɫȻĻô춼϶ˡ
Դʦܺ棬λͬĴ£Ǳȥ顣
ͽܺܿʹϢԷɽһ׾ƾƣһĻ˶ڵظоͶŵ
ϲɵ㣬Ҫ˵ʲôرĻǱĻ볣еڲͬ
ӽַھе֪ԷСʱĸΪȥƤһ㳤
ΪݶǸùңԣĻҲ˵Լһ˶Գġ
ûҵԸ춼ĴʦǷһصĺӣԴʦЩ档
ϸѯ˹ĻһЩ飬˳㻹Ƭ
ԴʦҲῴ࣬Ļ˵ԷӦдĸĸ𣬸԰ֻǸĸԵĸ׵½ǵݣǶǰȥνĸĸ˭
Դʦ˼ѣʲôΡ
࿴ȥǸ»ȫ󲻿ԡ
ôܻᱻ˵ɨʮ꣬ⲻ
ԴʦȥһˣǲҲа
ѺúõһӸ
ڴ֮ǰԴʦȥ춼һʹǸ˵Ϣ
춼ôܻ͸¶ֺ
ʦͷǰ׾ƾʦҲ֪ʦкδ
Դʦʣ˲ɽϵģӲ͸¶ȥ
ŲɽһҪˣҲǸˡ
ҲҪؽԼС
Դʦ춼ﲢûܵõʲôϢҲû̫ʧ
˴ǰȥȷʵ֪˵ϢҲ춼Ը񣬿²͸¶
׼
ʵҪǣټһ춼
ϾɽϵˣȻ춼˺ܶ飬֮жԹӦ÷¡
Ȼ춼ûᵽԷġ
ԴʦЦġ
¶ڼôãûҲҪԴʦ
֮һ棬ֵɲ졣
Ȼⲻ죬ֻǵġ
춼ɽɽϵһƬкá
ᷳ춼꣬ǽ˾ôġ
ȥɽ֮⣬븸Ҳܸˡ
ϾŮˣܲأ
鲢ûѣϾʼӣҶԷеѧϵģǹȥһȻ󲨡
һж͵Уûע⡣
ڲ߲ʿȴǸ֪Ķ֪ˣϾЩ˿Ǹ춼йġ
ټ춼ץ븸ˣҲ̲סϵõ˵顣
ҶһȦӵģټ϶Ǯˣ˭ûһʦ
лиԴʦõѣһȥģ۶˻϶֪ȥĻȻѡ
Ǹ춼йģһŵɫ
˻ʲô鷳
ԴʦߣΪԷ춼ʲôֻ֣Ƕµ˲ʲô󻼣ʱ仹Ұذݷùȥ
ıҳ˲ٺ˵󷨡
Щ󷨳ǶЩ˵ĲǺڣᷴɻȥ
Щ˴еõʲôӱʧȥʲôɢǶǱ䡣
ԭΪ󷨣¡ԴЩǲԴʦƻǵ󷨡
һԷ˵ֵ⣬ŵɫǿϴʦƳ󷨡
ȻҲ۾굽ǮȥԴʦ˵Ǿ󷨺ãԴʦֽ󷨵Ĵڡ
ЩˣԴʦͷۡ
֪Էȥǵȫмͥɾ޴вƫƫǮֵͷȴǲԸ
ѵǮҪ
ԴʦĳƴҪǡ
ԴʦͽȴǾüȻЩԼʦֺαô˷ѿࡣ
Ҫ֪ʦڵĵλЩ˼ĸǱϹϾĸүүѵϣܹõʦ֡
ƫƫЩ˲ʶ̧٣Ҫ
Ҳ֪ԼʦƢԣ̫̫˵ŻЩ˵ű
͸ȳԵͷ֪¡
ͽҲԴʦıߣʾȻһʱ֮벻ֻͨǮô󷨿ʼ֮Ǿ֪ڣ϶ȣĻʡء
Դʦ¶æȷʵûǸй춢Ǽ˿ĵȰ˱齻ԼͽܣʾǱϢҪæˣ֪ͨ
ͽȻڴӦ
˼븸е֪Ϣ֮𾪲ѡ
Ҳû뵽ֵȻǣɽλʦĶԹ
֪춼ץסΪ˼Ծգգۡ
֪ǳµĵطɽ֮ıһֿ϶Ĳ²⡣
Ǳ춼òǷ˰׾ƾƵϰɣ
ѯ븸ʲôκ븸Ĺעֻ춼ϣҲֻǼ򵥵Թ˼δܴеõϢ
ֻƨߵߵش绰ȥҰ׾ƾƣ֪г˵ǲ
׾ƾƽӵ绰ˬػظģǸӦҸҵͬѧʱһɽǡ˶Է˳˼¡
˼
֪֪һǰ׾ƾƣ
л˵


98 
˼֪Դʦ춼˭, Ҳ֪ǷʲôȻеĴʦ, ǽġ
һλȨءţƺԴʦҲ춼, Ǿ֤춼һҲˢӵġ
ҪǶԷùϰ׾ƾƣ, ֪жأ
, ˵Ļ, ľƾСǱȹŵɷԴʦҪϼ֣
˼ԼĲ²⾪̲ס򴽰, Ȼ˲ò࣬ˮɶ
븸Щϧرʾ, ֪λʦֽ춼ϧ
븸Ҫ֪Ĵ¾Ƽİ׾ƾƣһûڵشض㡣
ôţǰ;Ĵʦȥ͵ڴڰɲѪ𣿶õĻԵ
˼˷ܵذ˰׾ƾ, ƾƣҪҪҰ˵һ£
׾ƾҡҡͷˡ
, ѾҪٽ֦պʲôԽ, ʱ˵Ҳ޷
ڸ߶Էʱһʦڵشӵ۶ݷֻһЩҪ鷳
׾ƾǸ鷳, ϾʡҪʼ, Լʱ˷ڴ档
׾ƾƲԸĻ, ˼ҲҶ˵, ֻǱʾԼˡ
ٿĪĴʦʱľ͸СèƵļ尾
һ˽ѵćNɪС
춼˲ǹصڲԱȴǶжš
ڵڤ飬Լʦ֮нʤļλԲͬϽľ׷ױˢۡ
ΰüģνħ֣ѧڣô֮ǰٸ˵Ķڤܸ֮оԼĲ紵ţǲǴǸĳߣ
ĸһֱǿԼļԼӵĹ꣬ʵŴʦʲô۷ĳˣ
һ뵽ΰҲЩëȻ
̫սˡ
ʤӵ⾯ͬžɪɪ
ΰǱߺô˼ֻǿŽ˾÷˼ȴʵʵ֤ݡ
ƵֵһĻĻѵٵ
ڻУ±ƶãȻ
Ǿ⵽ǲй
⼸νĴʦǲеѧϣֻ춼еԴʦ෴ģʹа׬Ǯͨ˵Ϊݽ档
ΰ춼÷ǳе
һʼֻΪЩѧֶνթƭ춼İӳ֮˲ûԼȷʵǸûһ˼·ȥνѧĴˡ
ڼǰûмģͲڡ
ô죿Ǿûоͨѧֶεľ찡
ͨ참Ȼˣ漰ûֶΣôƵ˰
춼УǻɽνĴʦԷСս֡
ȻûȥСǰ참Աϸȫ˾֮С
һἰԴʦһͽܾΪС춼󷨣ڶҽԺء
Ȼûʲô֮ǣûһʱͺò
Կɼ˽ֵֶθǿȫͬ
ððȻּ׳¡
Ҿǳˣ¶Ҳԭίǽ˾ͷ۵ġ
Ӧðҵİȫһͳһͷô죿ǿռѰϣҪЩʦֵĻͷԴʦ˹ȽϺá
ҲôõģǳⰸⲿţⲿЩѧʦǳҲԽĵӦ֡
˵еϽİӣ˵ͬһʣ㲻ò鵽ܻͬһ˷İӡǺϲ
ͳһսߣռϣܿͽ鱨ͷ
ͷ쵼Ҳ鼬֣ĥԼֻǵطԵģ׼ǵõ۶ϴſԡ
ǷְַϽ˵۶
۶ߣǰŸմ춼飬žͷԭҲƵİ
Ϊ֮ǰûо飬һֱֻǵթƭڷƺЩԣҪ벢ԼһⲿţϿɽϵĴʦһͬæ
۶˼һ벻޵
Ͼ춼ⰸҪԴʦ֣κһͨľĻ¶۽ȥ
רҵӦרҵ
ˣܿϵԴʦʾ׼һⰸĲţϣԴʦܹͽܻɽĴʦһ
߸ǳԽҲжֻǹҸƣڷ¼ʱܹṩ
Դʦߵ˼춼İӽӶķûרҵʿæõĻȷʵҲѰѿص¼ǵЩթƭ
ɽϵϼһǶڹˣһһݹԼҲûҪԼǣǶһݱϾǲͬˡ
ԴʦʾᾡԼĺǹͨһ
ԴʦͽǶݹͦ˷ܵġ
ûĸǱĽھӵĶӿϹԱбƹġ
ֵҲһݱڵȶнߣУһҪ壬ɲ̡
ȻҲܸߡ
ֻͨ˵ոߣǶ˵Ǽҳ㷹
ǲⲿţʦĴ£Ҫɽµġ
˽˰£Ұ˵ûʲô
Դʦ¸ɽϵϼһһ˵˶ʾҲûйϵ
ֻٲ˾ñҹԼ鷳μӣҪæĻҲ
ڴԴʦûжȰÿ˶ÿ˵Ļ뷨
ûãⲿʽԱɽϾĴʦԼڤ鰸ΰʦнʤļ١
֮⣬۶ҲмһЩѪҺȫǸ죬참ǿ㾯Ա
ⲿųĵһӱϲ
ԴʦϸؿڣнʤʱƵȷȷʵйڡ
ֻʦʤԴʦδ˵
ͽܱʾ⽯ʤƺǼǰͻȻһ
˵ץ¼˵ã׷
ͽܵʱǰʦ˵ɽ£ż·Ǹطʦ׽
ͽܲûн·ϣϾȻĴʦסɽ֮ϣǻôô࣬Ҳܸʶ
⽯ʦ¾ͲɽΧġ
ʦڤ鰸ıŸʤͬ
Դʦ̾ϢЩϼһ겻ɽЩ˷׷¶ͷҡ
ǲá


99 
ⲿæȻʱ, ׾ƾƸĻѾǰʡһеĴͳ
μʡѧֱﾺһЩһͳ͹ˡ
һΰ׾ƾƸĻһġ
һδͳƽƽ˳˳ؾ͵ʡһУûзκε⡣
֪ĻͬѧЩ, Ȼǰ𣿲˵ĻڵĻ, ǵĵ𣿡
һŮЦһϢҲ̫˰ɣѵ㲻֪ĻùѾѧѹȥ𣿡
, ʲôʱ飿
Ŵ, һֻʥ, ٿܱ˽һ㶼֪ľȱ飬ˡ
ѵ˵ѧУֻ֪
ͬͬѧͬļ, һһ߽֮ǰһһէ
ʲô
һľ, ʡһдſǶ֦ͷеëС񣬶չ߷
СС̶ǲĶŵµ࣬յģⲻ
Ȼһԣǰɣôܣ
Ļ, ȻŮһ
ͬͬѧ˸ۣ˵Ϣ飬鰡Ҳ׾ƾ˭, ȻѹסĻϵùѵ¸һ̸, ù𣿡
һһ棬ʦ֪, ȻҲͬ𣿡
ͬͬѧ˺, ѧϰõͬѧ, ʲô

ǰͷߴߴ˵ͣ, ͷ׾ƾƸĻȴǻȻ֪
ĿⱻſڵһһŮ
ôˣ
Ļԭڸ׾ƾ۵ľĿ˵˵ţ׾ƾƾû˶Ծصͷȥͼ׾ƾСضŲԶ
Ļ˳߿ȥſȥȥǲͬѧУǰʡһвμӾѧ
ûʲôϡġ
ǱߵһһŮ𣿡
׾ƾͷʾȥ
Ļԣ۾˹ȥͼſȷʵվһһŮװģ۾˹񣬾ɫȥƺЩ԰ף岻ãЩ
ߵŮˣգ¸ߴʮȣȴԼʵʵͷϳһѺɫɡ
˵촩䳤㣬ŮǰΪ˷ɹǵҲ
Ͼ̫ԽԽĻƽҲʱῴһЩȫװԼʵʵֻ¶һ˫۾Ů
ǰǸŮ˸ЩΪ˷ɹŮȴǲһ
Ϊϴ·Ĳʲֻ۾֪˷ָ
ɹģġ

ĻдɣϸϸشŮ˵ɫȥԵ˻ҪҰס
ְǶղ⣬ûκѪɫһ˵˵ס
Ժð뷨ʱĻԼҲһ
ôôأ
ǰ׾ƾĻôǲֿأ
Ļ򴽣Ű׾ƾƵĲһͬǰûͷһֵĵ㡣
һһŮǰ滹վһͲɫй󣬿ȥޱȡ
úÿԣҪš
ܶЦеصͷ磬ģҲšҿ˵һʱɩҪҳԺóԵġһҪ¿Ϸ
ЦеصͷȻԣܿһĻʡıȻϴؾǵһǽһڶһ㾺
ܶһҲµؿڣʲôſˣҾԲʧġ
׼Ǯɡ
˵ţֳԼɩɩЦЦɩɩҾͽȥˣ岻ãͲҪվ̫ˣϽҸȥɡ
ŮЩӲЦЦȻɵص˵ͷ˵˾䣬ԡӡ͡
ĸ֣Ů˵ʱȴǼ֡
ǲܶĸܶϰΪ
ҽȥݰݡ
ܶǰ˼ֻ֮ͷػ˻֡
ʻԾòܶЦЦǣԼŵ֣ȥ
·һԵİ׾ƾƸĻڼѧĸֵʱܶЩȵض࿴Ǽۣʵû뵽ﻹܼÿѧ
ǳഺӣܶعͷԼţɫᣬɣҾͲԾ뵽Ƕʱһζʮȥˡ
Ԭ󣬶ٻҪͷǱܶˣתͷ鷳ͱתˣҸ˵˵С
Ԭ¶һĨЦЦȴǹĺܣͺⲻԼĿƣĴЦٶʱȴǻֳٶۣǽ˰ġ
˾岻ĴԿһ㡣
ȻܶЦȴ֡
Ļѹ׾ƾƲţǸŮƺе֡
ϸع۲һǸŮ˵оֹܾЩֵֹġ
Բ˵΢Ц·嶼ٶۻӲ岻˵Ŀơ
ͺһϾżΪڳأҪʱ򣬱رļѡ
ԣ⣬ǸҲǡ
׾ƾɫƽؿĻȴ˵۾Ļ
ǸŮǸˡ
Ļ
ݵһŤͷŵؿ׾ƾƣôôƽ˵ô˵Ļģ
ˣɥʬ⵽ô£
ĻԴӸ׾ƾʶҽӴĴǴһһȡ
ǣɥʬɥʬǻˣᲢۡ
һһŮһԵߣҹе˴ʦ˵Եǣһ𡣲ңԷԴԴϵԼŮˣ䡣ֻǸе˺ܴ󣬵ȵ˵ԴԴϵ֮ҲҪߵͷˡ
㿴ɫ԰ףûκһ˿Ѫɫݵ֤Ů˵ʱ䲻̡ٷȥĻ˿һĹˡͨ󷨣ûһͬ⣬϶ܽеô˳
ٿ˵ദұ֪һжеĸԸġôʦڤ˵ǣһһһԻȡԷʱ䡣ֻܸٶֶҪȥҲûá
Ļզ಻ѣȻĸԸһܰŮˡ
׾ƾʼ磬Ҳɡ
û鰮ζ֪ȷʵһְܹԽɽܹ޾
ֻעǱϲ硣
㷢ˣûвֵԭ𣿡
׾ƾЦЦ˼һԸһԸҺƤȥ˵һ죬ԵرûȤ𣿡
һʼ׾ƾҲΪ֣ϸһŷԭһԶС£ΪĳЩԭзַӲסŮ
ȻŮǻˣǽǸˡ
Ǹǲƥġ
ΪʲôĻÿŮ˵һһ˱Ťԭ
Ѿˣһ꣬Ҳûа취ٻ


100 
Ȼõ, ĻҲٶ˵ʲô׾ƾһͬɻǾǰĿ̶
Ļʲôǰ, Сĸ˫, ͯ궼ڵжȹ֮Ϊʵԭ, κϲ,
˹, ݹҲܿͻʧ
Ļĺһ˿԰һ, ַΪǸһôУ
˵־ǸŮ˺, Ϊһȫȫˡ
˶Ļᡣ
ЩԺнһ뿼֮ǽ˱ģʽ
׾ƾͬһ
׾ƾλ, żһ̧ͷŷָղǸ˵ĵܾܵߡ
ԷԼıʺУԱߵ֮, һŤͷϰ׾ƾ˫Ưˮ۾, Īغ
ĸѧУͬѧôôÿ
ܶŮûȤ, ˵ѧϰǵһλ, Ȼ, ͬһֱ߶߶, ƺͦ˼ġ
׾ƾ˳ƳЦЦջĿ⡣
ܶЦǵٴκڷűʺеֶЩ޴ЦЦÿ
Ļڰ׾ƾƺλãһ̧ͷͽ˵Ķһ
ŲܶӣĻ΢΢򴽣΢Щñʴ˴׾ƾƵĺ󱳡
׾ƾƲŤͷȥô
ĻһҺ˴Ƥж𣿡
׾ƾһ˳־ͽǸƤŵϣж࣬ҲжʣҪ𣿡
ĻƳԻĲܶҡҡͷˣҸһģжֻ࣬ҪߣʾͲ⡣
⻰ڰ׾ƾĻΪĴܹѹסöԷңԱʲ⡣
һ͵ĲܶһСڿǰᡣ
ǰͬСŮ˵Щζ黰ʱ򣬲ܶһüƤֱ
Ļ׾ƾƵĶԻֻļ
ЩóԼеıʣӦиӣҪѧϰΪһҪ߿ˣȻ̸Ͳ³ɼ˲
һ뵽ǼȻܸͬһ֤ʵʵòܶˡ
ԿʼõӵĲܶܿû뷨
һεľĿƺ˼֣ܶüͷڲݸֽд÷ɿ졣
ʣһĿʱʮʱ䡣
ΪһָԼǰ
ûǲܶװƻڡ
ѧҪڲͬ
һѧ֮УţƺǰǾ͸˾õˡ
ŻʮӽһĿӼ飬ǰʮӽҲǿԡ
ϾһεĿɱҪѶˡ
û뵽͵С̵ʱƿӵ
ܶʶŤͷȥԱߵλòŮͬѧȥ˾ܶ
ܱͬѧ׷ͷȫȻд±ƶ֡
ΪвͬѧкüĿûء
𣿾ȻǰСʱ
࿼ʦЩ졣
Ϊ֪ѶȱЩˣȻǰСʱ
ǲԷʵ
࿼ʦ˰׾ƾһۣ˳óԾԭֻģ澪̲ס۾Ȼȫԣ
׾ƾʰö׼뿪ʱĻҲһ֮ͬǰ
ٴӵڳԭ񾭽ѧԽĽ
ԹĿͶĻıߡ
ô£
Ŀѵô
Ϊʲôһǰˣǵı鿴ȥô⣿
ѵ˼ֻԼ
ܶǰŪҲЩϽͷһĿ
ΪܹɽȴĿϿ˴ʮӡ
֮󣬲ŷ־뿼Խֻʣˡ
ֻʣӣܶҲԼǰϰ߱ƣǰСԴϽԾ
ƴԼѧܵεĴ˶Ҫմˡ
ΪʲôҪǣ
ôˣͲܸһ·
ȻһεǰȴǴʲôťȥһĿԣͬѧͿŰ׾ƾơĻвܶ׷ҸƵǰ
׾ƾϰԼдǰߣĻ׾ƾʵ൱ǰԵʱҲǸǰ˰׾ƾ֮󣬾ͺ˾һ㣬ͨǽĲ
ܶΪһÿζѹһͷѽ
Ȼǲʾ
͵ͬĿѹ޴󣬾ǲˡ
ĿôѣΪʲôǶǰ
ǸôƯŮ˵׾ƾƣôܹδζǰСʱ
һˣڶ
ڿԽСʱǰϤӵʱѾľˡ
Okay fineǿľͺã
ȥȥɣǰȥɣѾνˡ
Ļһ׼ǰǰʱȴܶǰһ
Ծ֮󣬲ܶĻ񶼲һˡ
üһǱһγΪڶĻᡣ
˵һᡣ
ôೡԣδεûһܹɹڶġ
ο񾭱ģκһԶ˸ľ
ĻЩֵؿ۲̫ܶ׶Էһһֵø˵顣
ƽؽԾʰöȻ߳ҡ
׾ƾŶĻ΢Цų֣˲ԱȥʼղŵĿ
ܶʰö׷ʱ򣬼ıǶ˵˵ЦЦӡ
ǵϣ΢ᴵŮúܽ˴˻ʱƺܽᵽഺζ
ܶЩȻصͷţһ˵ڶأ
վ׾ƾ˭֪
ͷɥ߳˴ţָɩɩڴſڵˡ
´¶Цӭǣôôͳȣ̫ɩɩɹ̫ôȣ
Ԭ¶һĨЦ˵仺ּѣûءϵ̫󡪡ġ
ʵҲճûá
Ҳ֪ܶǰϰߡ
оô
ܶԼҵܵܣڱһ䣬ΪԼҵܻܵСԴСƵġ
ȴ֣ԷȻЩûɵƲƲ죬ɡ
ܶЩˣɲ硣
ܶ˺ߣʱ֪ɼˣ˵Щûá
ܶԬǼ˱˴еľȣεĿƺаѵĻҲôɥ


101 
ɴĿ, ܶ۾ƼŮ
ɫĹâŮƤβ֮ϣ˶һλõĹ, µС, ֻĿ
ٿԱߵ꣬忡, ͦθ, ü, ΢̣׵ƤƺܼɫѪ, ôһգֶ˼ůɫ, ʹϢ·΢΢ڻһ㡣
˵ЦշǳǢ
򵥵УǴʱг֮С
ԽԽʱ򣬲̲ܶסǡ
ܶԻذһ, Ťͷ˳ԼҸ߿ȥͷ˰׾ƾƸĻ
Ļ֪˵ʲôǵð׾ƾƷЦ, ˫Ư٣, òܶС͵
ʼʶؽӵҲʼ
ˣˡ
ҪҪкأҪҪкأ
ܶܽ, ͷʶɬĴ, ò׹, ȴԼɩɩ, ָ¶ˣ˾ͷƤ顣
ţһײʱ졣
һŤͷ㾪ʧطĸ絹˵ϡ
磬ôˣ磿
ܶżˣɼٺҲһʮĺӣԼҸͻȻػԣȻ޴롣
ԬҲǾ֣ӣҪȥܶӲȸû취֧Ķ
ܻźܺ£ۿǵȴô䲻
еĺɡȻ䣬ȵϣʹİ
ͺʲôһͻȻʼף̣ˮݣðự˵ĺܡ
ܶعͷȥ˶ˡ
Ȼ֪Լɩɩһδ֮ͱúܲǴ죬ҲҪص·ůÿγŶýԼڸǵʵʵ껹죬ñرһѺɡ
ֻѾ˵ǻ˴ǮƵĺɡɡĻûκá
û뵽ԭԼɩɩĲѾصֻҪһɹ̫ݺס
һƤɡ
ܶԼǵãһСǶһ䵽⣬Ƥ
ɩɩǰ겡֮ôأ
ڲܶĲ֪Ǻõʱ򣬺Ȼһ֮𣬡ͬѧ㡣
ܶ͵Ťͷͼ׾ƾ׵֮УţϵĺɡԬɵͷ
ɡϮԬɵİص
˫͸ָ϶Ƽϵá
ס˫֣Ѿµһ˲ֱӵĵزɢһɶζ
ŬؽԼһţ׾ٶۣ龪Ŷֿ־ؿ׾ƾơ
ܶĻңֱӶŰ׾ƾƵ鷳ҽ¾Ȼ
ԬȻַҡͷΪĲƥ䣬ʹĶȥŤֹ죬ֻܴӺзָ¶ֻҪСȡ
ܶˣôܲоȻأĪ赹ɩɩֱɹоȻôУ
ѧУű߷Ķܿͱ˲·ʶΧ˹ԬԽľֺ£ɡ͵ѹҪԼС
׾ƾƿһۣ˲ܶߣָļϢؽһͷŽ塣
ûãܶ۾˻Щ㱡
磬ˣˡ
ܶԼҸϲİСæܶ˵һִġ
˵ļҳһ궼ڼңǸ粻ԡ
ܶһЦԴЩܣ£Ҳ᲻ǷڲܶĲվ
ܶˣԭΧ۵Ϊû±㽥ɢȥˡ
ܶ˼һԵİ׾ƾƣ¶΢Цλͬѧлл㡣
׾ƾ΢΢һЦҡҡͷÿ֮Ͷѡ
ܶҴ͸Ĺһ磬ӿȥ飬ɩɩղűյָˣҽоȻԸ⡣ô죿
ʲô
ܶһɫ䣬ƿܶԬɵķȥ
κ̫飬һֿʼͷת򣬲ˤڵأҪǲܶۼֿķסֻᷢղŵı硣
磬ҡ
ܶǼۿˣҲͦģԴɩɩһҲÿ£ҲԽԽݣ֮ܶǰ䣬Էȥҽ
ǱʾΪɩӵĲ飬ԲŻûʲô⡣
ڿû⣬ɴˡ
ԬǶ֪ܶѹ֮ϲ񣬼ѵؾɡҪǶȥ
ٳδʱҲ˳ۿ£ֻŽӲٶ۵ܽ˾ù֡

Ԭɷָѱ̧ͷ¶Ŀȫǵòܶ֡
Լѣ壬͵˹ȥҪסԬɣȴΪ飬ֱӹڵء
ԬһĻңǲѣʶӵеɡҪȥ
һ䵽ϣֽ˺ѷεĺڵͬϺһѪ߰ߣ˲ֱӡ
ܶſ޳һ߿һǱܣһڿȥֿа׾ƾƶ̲סٴǰΪ³ź˺ɡ
Ȼļģ˵壬ʹ
ЩԵԬʶٻ̧ͷΪɡŮ
Ůβü䣬վ˫Ư峺ƺǽһж͸һ㡣
ĻǰŲܶһĸܶ
ܶشϢԸоԼڲϵؼʲôһ㣬ĸоѾǵһˣϰΪ
ֻʱԽԽˡ
뵽֮ǰҵλʦ˵Ļܶ̿벻ᡣ
ǵĵܵܣֲΡΡԲ𡣡
֪ܶΪʲôҪǸֻƴҡͷ磬˵ԲӦ˵Բ֪ɩɩ嶼ãҡҪԣҲܳ
ܶѹΪԴɩɩ֮󣬸ദʱҲȼ٣ټУÿܻؼҵĴҲ٣ϴؾ綼֪μˡ
ʱ򣬸֪Ǹϲ
ǲܶûҪʡʱȻͬ⣬ɩɩҲԸ
Ǹʱܶĸˡ
ôҲû뵽ԭ˵Ĵ˾޴
޵һѱһᣬ磬ǿȥҽԺ㲻µġ
Ļǿӣοģоƾء
ܶԣǿ޵Ĳġ


102 
Ļ׾ƾƵİ, ˱˲ܶĳϡ
ִܶҪȥҽԺǲܶȴӲǱʾҪ
ܶ޷صɴ۾ָŸʻͬһ̲һ, Ƕ͸¶ѪɫζԬ, 磬㵽˵ʲôأɩɩѾ, Ȼ˵ȥҽԺôɩɩ, ɩɩ㶼, ɩɩ嶼̳Ȼ, ô°
ܶ԰׵¶ǿӲɫɩɩĲȥҽԺҲ, ҪרŴȥҽơҰͻؼңڼţǻ
ܶҲҪҲҪɩһȥ
״, ܷܶġ
УǸطСȥˣڼҴš
һβ̬ܶȴǿӲ, òܶĪ
ɩɩ״ãŵĻܹæ, Ϊʲô粻Ը⣿
Ҳ̫ˣ
ܾܶԼҵ֮ܵ󣬲ſ׾ƾƸĻ¶мЦ, лл, Ҫ, ſ϶ܡ
˵ʱ, Ŀ⿴һԣ̧ͷԬϣȫȻܣŶһɹ⣬ͻݣϣûŵǡ
׾ƾ΢̾ҡҡͷûйϵûŵǣֻҲûá
ܶϵЦΪ׾ƾƵĻӲǶЩֵؿŶԷϰ׾ƾǳγͨ͸ƺʲô֪һ
Ǻܿ죬ְЦԼ̫࣬ôܻ֪
ģҵǸҽרƹⷽ漲ģ֮ǰҲκõġ
ʱҾͲǶ˵ʲôˣҸ룬´ǳԷúллǡ
Ļվڰ׾ƾƵߣҡͷƤβҲڿ˦һߡ
⵹ǲˣֻҵǸҽȷʵûʲôˡڴ֮ǰӦø˵ڵҲ޵ġǿ䣬ʹĲԼ
£ͼԭ׼Ĳܶݵһµɴ۾԰׵ɫ˲Ťֻֿ
ܶᣬ̫װ׾ƾƵĻؿԼҸֵӣ⼫ˡ
һԵԬҲΪ𾪣ٴα¶Լ÷
̶̼ʱ䣬ѾõıȸղŻҪиµ
ҵģɩɩôˣô
һĻܶŵӶҪˣ˴ӳ͵̽ͷȥ
Ӿͫ׾͵סͣһ仰˵
ܶķӦҲòܶ˲ԣһŤͷƼ˾ֵҪԼϸԬɡ
ĸˡ
ʦ˵ڵ״̬һյ⡣
һյ⣬Ǿͻӿ츯õٶȡ
ԷԴԴϵֻܹʹá
һ𣬾û취ֲˡ
һҪмǡ
ǾڸղţɵܵĴ̼һǡΪˡ
ⶼĴ
֪ᷢ⣬ӦԼһӵܵܣΪ˵ģԺ²Ļᣬͬһͬǰ
Ĵ
ܶжҪѪæֽȥЩ⣬Ȼ÷ŵԬɵУƴذοҪ¡
ûµɣûµģȥҴʦʦһġʦôһԵġ
Ԭɲ̧ͷд˱ʹ֪࣬ڵԼһ˶ĵĿȥ
òܶ
СŵܶѾˡ
ȻֽܶԬɵʱȴֵطԬϵĸҲһʹص䡣
ԭչƤⱾɢһֳζȴϵ֮󣬱һֺ˵ٶȸ÷
֪òܶҪˡ
˵žҪɱȥһ˫ϸִķ֮ĳȴôҲ
Ѫ˿۾겻ؿֵˣְҪȥҴʦҪɡ
׾ƾؿˡ屾Ѿ˼ޣڱôһգѾҲû޸Ļᡣ㲻Ļҿ԰Ūһ壬ʱסڴˡ
ʲô
ܶЩ㱣ǲΪԼ̫ڽź£ԶǰС˵Ļ
ܶŴͣһ±ƣ׾ƾƣ˵ʲôʲôŪһ壿ɩɩôˣ
Сܵ˼ĳ
ԬɵҲʹԴ£ԴԴϵĸ䣬𽥱
ûô׾ƾƵĻ
ʱ̴ڻ̿־֮С
ľ䣬Ĳøܶ롣
һʱѾ͵ʱˡ
ô˽ŲܶȻ֪ܶõʲôԼ˼䣬ǿŶԷ֮սݲ԰׵ӣԬĲ
òܶһ˼Ĵۡ
ǴۿʼЧˡ
Ҳˡ
˵ҿ԰㣬λʦûõġڤΪý飬ӹ
˥ӵġҲʼãѾһ֡
ŵùңҰ㽫ӵгõһطж֮ϵ㻹лŵĻᡣ
ܶûüлعȴȻɳƳٻ
ȡ
ŵŤͷͼѾȫĿȫǣֻʣһ˫۾ƵóʹԬᡣ
㡪ƭҡ
Ԭ˵ķǸղ˰׾ƾ˵ģͲ֪ԭԼĴǲܶ
кܶܶ໰Ҫܶ˵̫ۣ򵥵˵̫
ɣ˵
ԬɷŤͷĿ⿴˰׾ƾƣ󡪡㣬
׾ƾƴͰͣͳһݸֽȻ˺һҳ۳һСˣȻŹģǰ׾ƾƾԼֹԡ
͵Ȱ
׾ƾƻ˻ԼеСˣһɣ
Ԭһ㶣ٶ۵ҡͷ
׾ƾƼͬ⣬һʩеĻǳֽ֮С
ʧȥԬ壬һԹٸãɢһɽԽܵĳζ
ķѣ䣬ѾȫȻ˵ģ
ƿֲƬһĻ棬кĲֵܶסԼͣӲؽǺµļ˻ȥ
ô
⵽Ƿʲô
ɩɩôö˶˵ľͳһѸ⣿
޴Ĳܶл㱣ŲԼټֵĸ磬ֻ۶ܵ˼ս
ɡ
ԬɵǱܶʧ룬ѸȳҪȥѰԬɡ
ȴһ
Ϥûгʱı
ŵػعͷƼ˰׾ƾԼɱСֽˡ
ɣ


103 
, 𣿡
̯ܶģĿ־ϲ֮ϻСֽ, һʱ֮䲻֪˵ʲô
ԬɵֽԴ, Ŭ΢Ц, ҡ
ֻ׾ƾûиԴ۾Ӹ, ǰһ, Ԭ΢ЦˣܶƲ
ܶЩȥԬ, Ԭ˳ֱֻֽۣס˲ָܶ, ǵԴ˲䣬࣬ȥģ֮, ĺ֮ǰԼȥҪ㡣
Ҳ̫˰ɣ
֣ܶĸǼ, Լʦˣұ֮ǰĴʦҪ֡
, Ǽ֣Ǻü
Ҫ֪֮ǰǸʦһʾ޿֮ҲֻǱ֤Ԭܶһʱ, ʱһ, ͻɢ, ҲͬΪ󷨵ԭ, Ӣš
λʦȴǴ˵ܹɵľط
ҿСӣƺҲһ¡
뵽ܶųâĻǲǴҰ׾ƾưæ
ǲǲҪɢˣ
ܶɾȵ죬ԼҸϻСֽˣֿʻǶɢŶĸ⣬ֻԼĴҪһˮȥ侲侲
ѵΪղſԵʱԸתѾȷڳֻþ
ôַӴУ԰żѧƻþѽ
⵽ô£
ܶ󺰳ȻڹϣûǻΪɽҲֻǼ±ƵͣԾš
룬ȻĻѸⷢζ׻ע⡣ζʵ̫ˣ
Ļ˵ģܶҲŻعæͷԶԶԣ˵ĶԣλʦϽϳе㼷ʦĻҿԽҵܴܵ򳵻
ܶ
ŲŲƨɣúȫûѽ
׾ƾƵǻҪͬʦ˵һ
ܶæŶŶ˼ԵĶԵģôλСʦǸѧء
ĿͰ׾ƾƸĻ߻ѧУź󣬲̲ܶסĵ󣬷֣žһѣ磬⵽ô£ɩɩôͱˣ֮ǰ˵Ĵʦʲôɩɩ𣿡
Ԭվڲ֮ܶϣ̾˿ŸԼϵСӣڽʼĩ渵
ǵģˣǰʱزҲ֪
ܶ͵ĵͷ֪ȥ˲ҽԺòײſõģֻ˲ٺ֢
Ԭ̾̾ڲܶ˼һСֽľٶƻмֿɰ
ǿ˺ܶҽԺûпáȥǼҽԺ·ϣˡ
ٴȴԼֻˣֻԼǸҵƥϣ˵ǳԷκζǳĻٶۡ˵һλʦЩǺ֢ţܹ»Щ֢Ҳ㲻ʲôҲҲٻáΪԽ棬ԽܸܵԼĲϣ״ҲԽԽ⡣һʼҲ֪ԭܹȫΪ罫ҡ
ҪǸղλʦ˵ˣһֱΪǻǮҴʦȵҡҪ֪Ϊľҿ϶ͬġһǻǲֱڵˣαҪһ
ԬԽ˵ԽԽ˵ԽѹֱֻֽƴĴŲܶĸ첲ֻϧֽģĻֽҪˡ
ܶʲôû˵Ҳ⣬ֻ΢΢ЦԬɶִ
ǵ죬ҲԼô
ǲܶһ֮˶±
磬ɩɩʲô˼뿪𣿡
ܶ৵һ¾޵Ǹ˺ѷΣɩɩ벻ûңҪôѽҿ׵ܵܣûпǹҵĸ𣿡
ܶԽ˵ԽԽľԽ죬˵֮ԼղŷסԼҸʱԼ˵һĪĶԲ
磬ǲ֪ԼҪˣԸղŲŸ˵Բ𣿡
ܶ̾˿ͷԼСްԲ𣬶
ܶģһĿԼҸԴϵ֣ڳңĻ޷йĵıܡ
ôɩɩҪѵͲҪ
ܶ˵Ϊģܶһչʳӣܶȫ޷û˸磬ô졣
һһ߿޵ϡﻩܶҲ۲ѡ
Բ𣬶ǸĲԡǸ̫ɩˣҪˣ;ûûκε塣
ôû壿Ҳǻ𣿡
ܶûζôɥɥɥӣѹ֮ҲΪʲôĸͲԣ
ѵŵ˲ȥҪ
ҲϲɩɩɩɩҲѹ뵽Լȥɩɩ
Ϊɩɩֻɩɩİ
ܶ벻ͨҲͨðȻһöӽ쿪ʼҪǲҪֵ
׾ƾƸĻʦ˵һصߵʱ򣬰׾ƾԸоܶĿⶼЩһˡ
֡
дˣִԥԥǼ
׾ƾƣ
Ļʧһʱ䣬ܶЩʲô
λʦǻˣϳ
ܶԱŲŲĻ׾ƾ˽黹Щˡ
Ԭ˲ܶ¿ڴɵ棬ܶһ߿һЩѯʰ׾ƾôԬԶߡ
׾ƾƺԥشϣûķԽãͶ̥ĻԽС˵ܹͶ̥ȴһƮ䣬Ͷ̥Ҫ»Ұ۸𣿡
ұ۸ˣһãʦƼֱߣҷǾתĻᶼûСôӦҲҪ鷢ɣ
£û˳һƬš
ܶϵļڴȫʹŷ̵Щ
Ѫ˿۾ضǰһգգͷ·۾һѪͻлһ㡣
ԬɳĬڲܶؿڣûеźЩ
Լֽĸ첲ܶλãҪѹ֪ģǵĽ֡ҺܸһϹҲϣҲңϣܹģûңҲܻøˡ
ܶɳƵؿڣû㣬ôܻÿģ
Ԭ÷һ𳤴ԬвɻȱĴڣ޷ʧȥʹࡣ


104 
׾ƾû˵, ؿķ羰ʵ˵һʼµ, ֵֻĻ, Ԭɵ϶ŵ·ˣʱִ, 鷳
ܼѧУԶ, ʮӺ͵ˡ
ܶ³ʱȥһ, ǰĸȫʰɾŽ֮, ɫصش¥
ܶȫ̺۾, ġ
ݺԬȲؿڣʦϹܻãǲǲˣ
׾ƾƵͷ, ԣʩǾʱϹ֮ڤϵ, ѾƿϹٱΪ֮ǰѾù, ԼͣϹҲܺáúõصһٻꡣ
ȥҽԺ, ҽôô, ܵصԼ塣
˰׾ƾôһ˵, Ԭɫɷ, ֽû٣ǴܴƬհ֮вʹ
ܶǲɵǲɵԼðյĽֻ˼˼𣿶˵Ķԣģ߲ǻ𣿶ҪѽΪʲô޴ľʱûпǵ
Ԭ֪ܶôΪܣѽ
ܹܶĵػȥǶ̶̼յʱ⡣
ⲻֵð
һ㶼ֵã
ԬѹضסԼ﷢ʵ죬ܶһԿ޵øӴˡ
磬ҲҪҲҪ
ܶûԼСС;ҪĴһԲ׵ĸĸˣԼĸٵͷҲ˵Ľѹ
ܶ˿޵𾢵Ԭǣ԰׵¶һĨɫչȥһĶͷ
Ҳڰɣһ㶼Լôһǻѡô
Ԭɴ㶵ؿһʹΪʲôԼȴûᣬ޷йĵܡ
ԬɵԴ׾ƾƣһȷϵʦûа취𣿡
׾ƾƳĬţԼ磬չ̣Լūͣ̾ߣ޷Ͷ̥
ϲܶĿ⣬׾ƾƱ㽫һ¸Ϊ̣ػ䣬ûٴͶ̥ĻᣬһֻܵҲûйϵ𣿡
ܶĿˣȲؾԬӦ£ԣɣǾôΪʦḶ́Ǿܼһ𡣡
СֽľؿհһƬȥԽĿն
Ϊ֮أ
侲طʣ΢΢Ĳûʦ˵𣿳Ϊ֮ԶͶֻ̥Ӹڴʦߡ
ֻܿϤһϣȻȥԶҲҪǣҳΪ̵飬֪ܽŻǡ˵ӽԺʶľֻˡʦ˵ˣΪңа˶ã󣬾ʣһˡûİֳҵʱѵѹð𣿡
ܶصҲʦḶ́Ҳһ˵ġɹ֮Ҿ͸һϲǿԶԶһ𣿡
ȵĿСֽϣȡ
Ԭɱȵģһ̲ס˼
ӹǰŲܶģǲܶİȴϢʹࡣ
иܶΪô࣬ԸΪȥͬġ
ȴǲϵҪһֱɹ̡
ɹ֮󣬿Բϲûзѹûѹͨ˵ǰһΪֻܸܶ˵˵Ĺ̡
Ԭ֪ΪԼûô̡
Բܹܶ޷˵˵ɹ̣ԶһĻȴһ
Ԭ̲סʹ޳ԼñӺ˽䲻ϲܶ
ܶҲԬɵʹ뿹зԽܵʵ
ɣ㲻Ը𣿡
ԬԼſհ׵ſǻǰ㣬û㰮㡣
ҽܲ˱һĥḶ́ҪͶ̥ҪˣҲԶĽ䡣ԶԲ޷Ӧ㡣֪ӵĻһͬġ
ԸúõĻţһӣҲԸΪѾȥңװ˷Լ
ܶãȻʹؿǰСֽˣϱԽܵı飬˼˶̲סͬ顣
˭뵽Ĳܶȴ˻Ľ
ǰ׾ƾƶԬɵľܾҲû̫ȡ
Ͼʱ򰮵̫أȷʵõ˾ʴӡ
һĲңһȴûܸͬȵС
ԬɴӦǱǽԴϲĽ֣ͬ⣬Թ߾ԬɲʶôĹΡ
ܶΪԼȴԸΪܶССһ
ܶϲˡ
ɰ׾ƾƲûôá
ֻǾϹȻصİ顣
Ԭûг£ܶȻǺͺҸСޡ
ƫƫˣƫƫܶıҪ
Եȵվǻ˾ʹ־
ܶããȻؿԼҸɩɩ̸ɩɩԸΪ˸ɹ̣ǸȴԸΪɩɩԼɩɩ
ԾؾͽɻʳʻԬɽԭأò̾Ϣŵԣ˵ûҲ磬̫˽ֻԼ
ҺܸжΪһУĲԸΪҷԸΪ̣ϲԶֻܻںڰ֮СҾֻ뵱ͨˡ
ԬҲܱ֪Լô϶͸˲ܶģĲ롣
ȷʵǲҲȷʵܰܶԶһ̡
Բ𣬶Բ𡭡
ԬųһţݵǶϵصŅ̀ͷܶһۡ
ܶʹͷԼ֮УûκƵüʱ˿̵ı飬ȴܹƼѹȡ
ܶЩͬĸ硣
Ϊɩɩ縶ô࣬ɩɩȴûĸ硣
ǲ̲ܶסɩɩ
ôãΪʲôôϧ
ɹ̸Զһ𲻺
Ļ׾ƾ˴ʱ˱˴˻һۣĬû˵
ϾһʼΪԼ˷ѽĸ춯صİ飬תۼȴһĶϷ
Ҳ˵ԬɲֻܶİûǿҵԽɽѡ
˵ףԼ
˸ԼԼ˵Ҳûʲôë
ϾϲûôС˵İŨȣȴһУʵġ


105 
žһƬ, ֻüǳĺвܶעĿĳ
Сֽ˽Լһţʹڲ輸, ֪ԼĲ, Ҳ֪Լᱻ֣ô˵ˡ
ԸǲԸ⡣
̧ſհ׵, ʧؿ̱ڵ, һԲ, ԼһƬӰ֮еĲ֪ܶ뵽ʲô, ŤͷһԵİ׾ƾơ
ʦʲô취ǿκöܹ֣
׾ƾƿһ, ҡҡͷûУһ˵޵ģ, ܹȥҵһˣһЩаԷõϡ
˵, أ
Ԭɻæվǰ˼, ϻʲôǿõģʦȫڶϡҲϵǲǿԷظĻǲǾͲˣ
׾ƾƲüţ˵ʲô
˳ڵղ֮ܶǰΪ, ҾòҪظǿ, ҲӦ֪, Ҫһ˻ȥ, һ˸Ĵʲô˵˵Ӧý˽ʲôغ㡣
Ԭ૵֪֪ҪöָǰһĻҺпܻɢͶ̥
ԬҲСˣĵС˵ҲȻ֪һ˻һ˱Ȼ
Ҳ֮ܶǰ鲻֤Ĳ²
ԣԼҷҲԸ⽫ԼӲܶϵõĻ𣿡
׾ƾ˳ʳ仰ʱĻԭʹͷϢĲܶƺЩ
ֲԾض˶ͷҲСȵ΢΢ǵķ
ԣԸ⡣
ԬһЦֻûܿüЩǶҵģһܹƽҲ
ұӦѾˣôľΪǿ䣬ѾˡҲô˽ҲǷö߸˵ģ˽Ůˡ
һ䣬ҷĸӦİɣûԺͶ̥Ҳ˹͸һʧĸɸɾ
׾ƾƵԬһ˵ֽԴ֪ĸִʲôԸ⣬ԸΪҷΪʲôΪͶ̥Ļᡣ
׾ƾЩ벻ˣѵҷȳϸϲ
֪УǸ˶ѡ߰
Ԭ֮ǰ˵Լ˽ûܶôΪʲôԸԻҷΪۣòܶأ
Ҳ̫ì˰ɣ
ĻӦøԼ
Ŷˣǲֻûô
ûôĻҲڻôɣ
⵽ǰǲ
׾ƾȦˣһԵĻҲͬã
׾ƾһûо鰮ҲŮŮһӰһһ˺˺ķǸʲô
˵һ˻ᰮΪԬԲǰôΪʲôԸأ
ڸǸСѧ벻ͨ
СѧŲܶҲ벻ͨԼɩɩԸԻҷĴ۾ȸʱ˶ˡ
ǰŻ˵ɩɩ˽磬ǺɩɩȴԸΪ˸Լ궼ʧĸɸɾѵ㲻
ܶ˼˵ĸΪʲôôӣ
׾ƾ̾ϢһԼǲҪЩ߰ıȽϺã㿪ҪԬɽͣҲû
ʱ򣬲ܶǱߺȻ˶ҵעתˣ׾ƾҲֻȱ졣
Ԭ˵Щ󣬶ٻ̧ͷ
۾ȫǺѪ˿۵ˮ˳ۿ䣬Ѫε£ýĵ׷
ɫ侲侲ǵεͺٵһ㡣
ɾΪ侲Ϊޱ飬ʹȥԽ񣬽˾ԡ
д֣Ъ˹ط裬йǴһ
һԣ˫Ҫһĳɫˣǽ˾ľ
ֲ𣿡
ܶƽʳͺļҳһ㣬ƽƽ޲ԽԽ˾ľսٲܶôõġ
ɫ֣һαôµĸŵˡ
Ԭɫ԰ףŲܶ˵Ļ
ǣûСô룿
ܶսȭͷƴѹסԼĵıȻأȻô룿
㲻ԸΪһԲϲḶ́ȴԸΪһҷ㲻ȴΪزѵΪ˲֮ǰΪһĻҺȷĸ㣬ҲҪûô塣Ұ㣬ԸΪҵҴӲ顣ҵİȴҪû˼
ֻҾðˡԣ㲻
Ԭɵıܶ˵ⷬŪɬѣͺµ͹ּըʹľ
ܶ˵ΪҪֲʲôֻǲܶΪһûо˵Լ˷Լ
ֵ̫ˡ
룬Ҳ˵
ֵֵܶò˵㣬ҾõģҾֵþ͹ˡԣ㲻ԸΪ̵ĻҲǿ󡣡
εδۿе䣬ܶ˵ⷬʱޱ飬˭ܿĵĲʹࡣ
׾ƾ̲ס˶ʵЩסమķʱĸַӦǣһľǲڣ˻ΪǵİĲ̾ϢȻͬ顣
׾ƾֻòʹĸһ仰
žǰһֱֻԭɡ
˻Ϊ˱˵İжʹ飬ճ໽УΨԴ˲ðû׬ǮץĴ̼
׾ƾͬԻ·ĻҲЩסˣøпĸп꣬ʶʶ꣬ҲǲѾ˸ýβʱ
׾ƾƸһס̲סȭڴߣ˼ȻŰ׾ƾƵܹòָܶ𣿡
׾ƾѧҲȭͷסͣظܣԬֲˣǸԹ˵ܻеãǶ˵ȫòϡ
˳ڸԬһҲӰ졣
Ļ
˵ô࣬Ͳʵ֣
Ϊƨѽ
Ļȵؿ׾ƾƣôû˵ܣ
׾ƾε̯֣㿴лҾ˳һĴۣ׼Уû뵽ľ顣˵ôڣ
ٴġ
ܶһ䣬̲סˡ
⴫˵еĻһ㶼ûС
̲סɩɩΡ
ǳȥ˸į
Ԭɣ
ܶ
ʦղ˵𣿡
Ԭɲŵ׷ʵ
׾ƾƺǳʵصͷԵģұ˵ģִּˣҲ岻졣
⻰Сֽ˵סؿڣϢ֮С


106 
Ԭɲû׾ƾⷬƵϢ, ΪԼܹ˲ܶĶ飬ȴû뵽û취
ղʹ, 񲻶ǸЦ
׾ƾЦ, ǲֻͬ˻Σ, ҲǸЦ, ٲ֪ܶԸΪ, ֻصĻᡣ֪Ĳһ˽µˡ
ֻ̫侲˶ѡҿɣһ, Ҳ޷ȥôǾȷһһľСֽ, ٰ죬ܶҲ⼸칦ƨ죬ֿ˴侲侲, 侲ϵôǵô
Ŷ, Ȼ˵Ҫ侲սپ, ΪԬɵ꣬ǲܶ壬סӡ
ǲѧ, ҪǵĻ, ǵǰ绰
˵⻰֮, ׾ƾƴɳվ, Ļ˿
ϣ⼸ʱúһ룬󣬲ǸʩĴʦǵĻҲҵĴڡ
ܶ죬˵Ļ˻ȥֻǵ˵ͷɳƵã֪ˣô˵ʦǺлл㡣
׾ƾƵЦҡҡͷ֮Ͷѡ
ˣֽȻҵǻǵʱע⣬ˮ߻𻵡һֽ˱𻵣ôԬɾû취ľȥ걾ͲȣѾǳûܿͻȥʱҪѡ񣬽־ѾǶˡ
Ԭɫ΢ݣõģʦ֪ˡ
ܶĪ
Ͱ׾ƾƸĻ뿪֮󣬲ܶܶ߻صݣԬΪԼֽ˵ԵʣټϸղΣҲûиֵ¥
Ϊˣܶųԣ磬ôҪɩɩһɹ𣿡
ܶޱصŵݣ㣬ô
ܶһŬ˼ŵ벻ǸµĻҿ϶Ըһɹ̵ġ
𣿡
ܶԴǿ¶һĨЦôԣ
ܶһΪϣ˵Ҫˡ£ҿ϶ǳѹġ
֪ɹ̻ô𣿡
ܶ򴽣֪Ǳɹ֮£ֻҹûûѣûˣֻʶλʦи㡣ܼįġ
˵˵ţܶµһЩҴΪʲôɩɩԸˡ
Ϊô̹ĵİ飬ײϲζ𣬸Ҫ˵ǱɹϲԶںڰ֮С
һʼϲˣûѧϰѹҲ֣ܿһӶԼǳͷģҿĻеѰ
ûϵֻҪһ뵽Ǹңܹ磬Ҿ;ЩʲôñԹģϾѵȥ𣿡
ܶ򴽣ʵɩɩķӦҲе㲻˵ġϾΪô࣬ԲܸʲôҶ˫˫ͬϣһҪңһҪ˵
ܶٴҾ͸һˣ磬κξʱҪһҰĺҪ㡣
ܶĵܵܣ͸˵ľͺȪ֮УȵȪˮڻǱ˪ٴλ
ã֪ġ
һߣ󷨱ƣԵ߱жϣһƬҷ
ΣƬʧڵŴʦüͷһ壬ǲɣд𾪶֡
Ѿǵڶˣ
һȴƤ·ġ
ʲô
ĸһô󷨣
ͬһ˻˭鷳
ͬˣ˭֪ʦڤ󷨵ֻ̳Ҫڤ飬϶ġ
ԷҪ
ǻ³ʲôⲿţ鵽ˣ
˵ⲿţŴʦҲǰղ˵ġ
˵ⲿɽϵļϼһﻹлһЩӢǸ˲ɵģר¼
ųҪԭ춼ԷɥĲи̥ɽԴʦ˲ԣסСӣһ֪ϱ˲ٵȻ׷Ź
ټڴ֮ǰֹѧʦթƭҸ߲Щʦ˵һҧʮ¾˶춼һųⲿţרŹǡ
֪ϢŴʦ۶췭ˡ
ûŵʱ͸ֻҪ͵͵Ǵ˷ɣǸ̹
ڤģڤ鰸һĵѯ۵ģ֪жˡ
ûǮģ£ȥŮڤ飬ɼǮ졣
Ǯľ͸Ҫö֮£ǾѡЩָԹˡ
еڼģ͸ǰʱһԸԼȥԼŶ伸졣
ˣʦǺ׬ǮģͬʱҲɵñġ
ԼȻҪģôܹԼȥĴ£ǾԼĹ
ƫƫ˼Ըѽ
ǾνˣֻҪǮλʲô˵
ͻȻţŴʦ붼֪Щ϶Ǵⲿġ
ʱ䣬Ҳ˾Ǳһֱڵڤ鰸
ȻĿǰ鲻ϣԴʦǼĻҲ顣
˵Էĸôļĸһķоץסǵİѱ
Ǽûףˡ
Ŵʦð̡
ԲܶôţͬԷôѽ
ѵǳʲô⣿
Ŵʦ뵽óֻ˲ܶĵ绰
֮ͨŴʦ˵ͷʣܶʲô֮ϵжϣǳʲô飿
ܶЩȣȻ͵岻Сı̫յˣһ̯⡣
Ȼ
Ŵʦû뵽ԭˣһΪҴʦ֮󷨡ȻĻǾûʲôˡʱҲҷˣ벹Ҳûа취ˣڰ
˵͹˵绰ûܶҪȥĻ
˸Ͳ֪ΪԬɢ󷨳⣬˳֡
ܶѾҶϵĵ绰棬üͷ΢壬Ŵʦҵ绰Ҳ̫ˣлû˵ء
ȻŴʦĻܶҲûǸ뷨绰ȥдʦæƷѣûǸ˼
ԬŴʦֽ֣˶˶ԭܰҸСҴʱ˿̱ĬԬͦܵġ
֪Ϊʲôߵһ
ܶûһֲܶԬﻹЩίԸԶɹѵд


107 
뿪ܼ֮, ׾ƾƲƴֱ֣׼򳵻ȥĻ֪ʾҪ̯⳵, ׾ƾν, ǮҲϡ
ǼȻĻʾ̯ĻҲԽܡ
򳵻س, ȥĻҡ
֮ǰ׾ƾȥСĻǵʱȥ, ط, ĻһȥҺȿˮ׾ƾƾܾˡ
һҪ´, 鷳
صѧУ󲻾ãȻӵ˼Ϣ, ƾƣֳˡ
׾ƾƣ
֮ǰǸ̥𣿡
ԵĶԵľ̥ӦѾԴʦˣ͵ҽԺһʱ, ҽ˵ָҲͦġճԺصֲˡ
ôԷ
֮ǰǸ˵̥ϵʱϲ, ƲסԼʳ˶еħ, ʧȥǡҲôҺԽĿˡ
ϲԲϲԵʳ
ѧˣûеǵ, ͵͵ȥٶļ, Ѽ, , ˷ԡ
ҪӶʱ򣬷ֱ˲ٵʳģĸصʱƼִһѶ˶¥ȻĻ˭ߵġ
֪֮󣬲ĸȥ¥֣һֱšĸֻԿ׿Žȥһžͷֶڽ䣬ڴڵسű⣬ëѪӰѲĸһ
Ӷæǰȥָֹ֮ǰһҰƵضŲĸӶײеӣòĸżˡϽҴ˵绰һ͸˵绰
׾ƾüͷʱǸԴʦûн̥ɾ𣿡
˼ҲͬͷӬһ޴룬Ҳ֪ʱһ̲ѪҲСȥˣǸʱʦɫףҲ˲ٵˡ˼̥Ѿ˵ģסԺ֮ʦҲû˵̥ѽ
ѵǴʦûн̥ɾ̥֮ˣ
׾ƾƵܡأûԴʦ˵
ˣûϵϡֻϵͽܣͽ˵ʦ¼˹ҽʲôⲿţڴⰸԷһʱ֮Ҳûϵϡ
ʾһϵʦ֪ͨǡ
ǲĸﵣԱ׼ϵ㡣֪֮ǰû־ܲ˵̥ԲĸҲǳΡ֮ǰ㣬ȴֽʦǵĲԣصȸϵҪԸǵĻͿ㶩ƱֱӹȥҳҲٵġԾƾ㿴ܸһλ𣿡
˼ʵʱʵǺܵģ׾ƾƽӴöԷԸͦģ⼸ոڲĸ߼ЩʦԼݣرĽų
Ҿƾ֮ǰҲ˵ˣҪĻǿȥæġ
븸ĸĵǣ˼Ƕġ
Ȼ£׾ƾ˵ԣû⣬ǶƱɣʦһ¼١
õĺõľƾƣ̫ллˡ
˼һ֮ͨͽϢ븸ĸ
븸ĸмĲУǺεºܣܹһʦ浽
ͽ˰ûƱԿǰȥӰ׾ƾơ
׾ƾҲ֪أԴ绰ʦ¼٣졣
֪˼ѵǼЩСǣϾ۶Ĵʦûܽ飬ԼŮû
׾ƾһЦͷİɣŮʲôʱʧ˵ˣǸС¡ҾȥƺģλԴʦæûʱ䡣Ҵӵ۶󣬸Ǵز
Уעⰲȫھ͸ȥ١
õĺõġ
׾ƾ·ʲôĶûʰֱתȥ˻
۶˷ɻѾʮ࣬׾ƾƳ˻˼һ绰˹ƾ㵽Ѿͣˡ
ˣˣҾ1ųڡ
ã͹
븸ųڼ·ڴУ۵ľͬ쳤һ˵İ׾ƾʱ̲סͷһǰк˼𣿡
˼͵ĵͷԶԶԣƾ˵սʡľ·ûüء
֮˵׾ƾƶǳӡ
븸Ҳ˾Ͷ˼æǻʦˡ
ĸԽԽİ׾ƾƣǾЩ죬С￴ôһ
˳븸ЦӯӯŰ׾ƾƵ״ʦˣ˼˵ղμ꾺ͣظϹˣ̫ллˡ
֮ǰ˵ҲģˬԼû뵽״ʦ˲С˹λһ˹һǸм
ǰǰ
ĸҲֹסصͷͣͷ˰׾ƾƺüۣԽԽ졣
ȷԼ֮ǰûмѽϤǴӺζ
ĸֲףҲص㣬صǰ׾ƾǵǸʱ̬ȷǳͣһҲûй˼ָмΡ
һ·ϣ븸ĸְڵ״׾ƾ˵һ£ʾǳŵʱѾǽ˽˷
ֱǷֳ֮󻹻ҽڣ֮ǰֻ֪ԣѣ˵ԼֻǶˡǼǲţڷЩ䣬ȥ֮ǰһ
׾ƾ͸֮ǰ˼˵п֮ǰλԴʦʱûн̥ɾ̥ǱŮĶѧˣҪǲע⣬
ԭ
븸ĸȻЩżǸô죿״ʦȥ̥ʱŮ᲻ָϴҽȻ˵ûˣȻǣڼüꡣҪһΣŮܲܳܵס
ģµġ
׾ƾƵĺܡ
ȵң׾ƾŸ̤뷿ţɫ˫ֽӡɿ˶ݵһ£ֱǰһ룬ֻһҽУֱȻֵ˿֮С
븸ĸ˼֣ô£ֲǱڷô¥ĸӶ͵͵ţ
׾ƾɫ侲Ӷ˸ţ̥ʹСС˿ġ
ƺ׾ƾֵ̥ĶƤ֮ϣצݿֲڳļ̲סһ
Ҫ֪ʱԴʦ̥ʱ̥¶ıĿ˺üجΡ
Ӿͺجһ㡣
죬״ʦ취
븸ĸּ£ôôԣôڶˡ
׾ƾƲǴߣϸ̥ۣ΢Ȼƺġ
С˼ûʲô⣬ǿžͺˡ
̥һ͵͵ֵҪԼʦŵһξͱǷˡ
Էֺ˸ʦէһź֮ǰǸһ֣ͷֶԷ֮ǰĴʦ
л˵
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108 
𣿡
Ű׾ƾ, 븸ĸŵط
˼һƴͣԶԶԣƾƺ, ĸ, ǲõġ
Ļ£ͼֺȻʹŶ, ˼İ, ɫɷ, ĺˮ˳յελ䣬һ, ͷˮʪ
һŮˣ븸ĸľ͸һ, ׾ƾ˫ֽӡɿ죬һ㣬ֲҳֻ۾ĵؿš
ڰ׾ƾƵлû, ָ֮£ֵ˫˫ذϡ
ֶãֻ˫۾ݺݵصŰ׾ƾ, ۵ȫԹ֮ɫ
һߵɣһ޺븸ĸȾ
׾ƾǰ, ֵĶӿ̥֣ٿá׾ƾ, ǰ׾ƾƶԴ˸Ͳ⡣
, ̥ǿ֮ĩ, ڽеĻ, ֻƤӲˡ
һ٣ԺҲˡ
Դʦ֮ǰ̥ʱ򣬲֣֣ԲŸӲдĻᡣ
ɰ׾ƾƲֵͬĶ˴סֵͬʱְס̥
̥ԣҪͨð׾ƾ֪Ѷˡ
ȴ֣Цڲ
ϵ֮ǰԴʦõƺֲͬѲˣڲϵظʴ塣
̥˼ͬӤ޵Ľһβ֣ͨԼɭ}ˣİڼ
׾ƾЩüڼЩˣӿٶȣһ죬ֱӽ̥ק˳
ˣ
Ҳ٣ţѽ
˿ƯֻƼ׾ƾƸնֵĶһקĶȻǾͷ̥׾ƾƸקˣһסʺӡ
ͲҪ֮ǰԴʦǿ̳óľһָԷһļ̥
׾ƾ൱򵥣򵥵ǲǵ˵ĸĸѵĻ¶ҪðǶྣ˳ָָ㿴Ϸ
Ϊ̫̫⣬һ㶼ץֳ
̥ϣûһ㺢ӵĿɰڰƴѪ߰ߵҪصֵڡ
̥뿪֮ع飬죬˿衭
ĸۼˣܹȥסԼŮ»ŵ׾ƾƣ֡
ֿڿвϵޣּֿ£һƬòª̥ı߲ѣԼԹޡ
Ҫôܻʹ࣬һΣ
ҽ˵ѾܴˣһΣֱӳϯˣ
ԽԽŭӵƴ˳̵ľŰ׾ƾƴʦһҪúĥһҪұ𡣡
̥ͷ¶׶ı飬ûбŵŭĿӣһ޲ý̻ӣǽ̥סˡ
׾ƾһЦһֻ̥Ȼҵ𣬽Χס
̥ƺסˣ۵Ŀ޺һβǹĽͷƤ죬ӤĽ顣
ǰ׾ƾƲΪӴһ̥յž죬ƳɵĴ֮бʳĸɸɾ
̥û˰˸ղſֲģʽֻ׾ƾûٸᣬɵؽѹ
ֻӵʱ䣬Ӧþͱһյĸɸɾһ˿û¡
ȻԷѾһСûͶ̥Ļᣬ԰׾ƾƱȻҪ
̥֮󣬰׾ƾ˳ַųڷתһḀ̇Ӱ쵽˵
ˣûˡ
׾ƾ֣ͷһЦӣڳ˻±֮С
͡ͺˣ
븸ʿˮСѯʡ
׾ƾƸҪͷȻ뵽ʲôڵԵȣмˡ
븸һ飬˵ôܻôѸ٣һôɣҪ֪֮ǰԴʦ̥ʱɲ֪жǼưǶŵòС
۰Ͱ͵سŰ׾ƾƣͼߵֵߣϵ˼£ȻǱֲ԰׵ɫض˼󣬿žͷȸղźöˡ
OKڲĺˡ
˵֮󣬰׾ƾ˰ϵЩ˰׾ƾƵڡ
ֻǰƯСԼôˢˢˢص㼸֮Ȼ˺ö࣬ԭʹĶӣҲûκθоˡ
ԼվΪػ赹ȴûǸز֮ǰԼճԺʱ򻹺һЩ
ô
־ȵصɴ۾ʦʲô
ԭر˱ģ븸ĸ־£ϾŮղǸ״ǿһ嶼ˣôֱأ
ʦΪʲôҸоҵȸճԺʱ򻹺˺ܶࣿ
׾ƾǳǳһЦΪ̥Ķ˺ͦصģҾ˳ְ޸һ¡պ㻹ҪҽŬؽԼá
ʦ̫ˡ̫ллˣ
ϲò֪Ǻãû뵽ĴʦȻСǸװ
ǰ븸ĸ˰׾ƾ˵⻰ͬϲ֣Դʦ״ʦʤһﰡ
֪ĻӦ˼ĻֱȥҰ״ʦ̥϶һԱŮܶ˺ֻϧû֪
븸ĸҲˡ
Ǯ˵ĸмóһſϹϾصݸ׾ƾơ
ʦǵһ⣬ϣʦҪ֪ʦѧУ˼٣ʦĻʦڵ۶úһ档ѵһ˵۶Ǿһµ֮ꡣ
׾ƾ˿˳ڵҲУڵ۶䣬һѧУȥ
ϾôõķɻҪǲһȦôҲ˵ȥ
úúã϶г̰ŵ׵ʦûȥĵطҿԼС
׾ƾҡҡͷǿС
ϰ׾ƾƾסұģ˼ûһ컹Ҫϰֻ࣬ظ׾ƾ˵һĻԼסĵط
һ϶Ѿ˯ˣСҲģ˼ȴû뵽ԼȻ˶ŵھӡ
ٻٻôҹ㻹û˯
ٻٻֵֻͲϵŲݴԣ̧ͷ¶ɫ԰׵۾Ǻ׵ˣЩɳƣִĿǻҵèˣһֱҵڶûҵ
ôŴûйغãܳȥ𣿡˼
ҲСģ֪ԼʱԲϰȥˣȴûȷŴûйؽ
ܷܷ˵ʱˣèһˣһֻèҪܳȥ֪


109 
ǽ춪𣿡
ٻٻͷ, ۿףͷңԵ, ʱͷè䲻, ڷһȦŷִš
סʮ㰡, ô, èҲȥ𣿡
˼ûè, Բ֪ߵĸ߶ȣèҲĴ
ٻٻ͵, èĵԺܺãһܳȥ, ˵ÿһ㶼пյյ֮ľ벢Զһȥ
ǰͷ飬Ҳ, ָˡ
˵ʱٻٻ޳尾ϵ, ܵҪϢ
è꣬ѾǵҪ, ƫƫΪһСĿ˴˳ȥ
ôǳèûҰ, һ֡
һ뵽, ٻٻͺ޲øԼһơ
ʱ, ¸Щ˹, ٻٻҹĲݴˣûӰӺܳСˡ
ٻٻһӾ͵СǻҵĻᣬܳСûκΰ취ˡ
ңҲСġ
ٻٻسԼͷ޵һҪô죿
¸æס۵ذοٻٻģڣһ취һġֻһʱѣǹģ϶Ҳ
ٻٻ¸Ĺӣů¸۽Ҳˣ̸ۼҲճ̣ΨһһԽǶ֮ķձ⡣
¸۲ϲè仹С̫ð
տʼʱ¸۾͸˵ԺĻҪߡ
ٻٻȻǲͬ⣬ٻٻ˵ļˣܹůĴڡ
Ƿ֣ҲܻὫߡ
˳Ϊֹìܣ¸ۻЭʾԸĴڡ
Ȼ¸۶һֱƽƽżҲæȡϴ裬Ǹèèߡ
Ϊ֮ǰ˵Ҫߣһֱؼ¸۲䲻ȣһͻһצӡ
¸ϰˣҲνˡ
ٻٻΪһһèѾǿԺƽദˣû뵽ᵽʱ¸۾ȻϵҪߡ
ʱٻٻˣǰ̸ʱ򣬾ȷظ˵ܽߣûᣬѾĬʵΪʲôڻҪ
Ǿ˴˸鹻ԿԵֵùĸˣ
һ뵽ٻٻŭģȷʵϲ¸ۣҲĻҲ̸ܸ꣬ܵۼ޵ĵز
ǸĴ۾䣬ôٻٻͬġ
һѾˣè˵Ѿǳͣ˵䲻ģһעʱ򣬾ͻȥ
ôʹè䣬ߣô˭˭Ը֣ѵذӵ棬
飬ٻٻ
갡жٸꡣ
ĸô֮ʧĸɸɾ
ҪǣľУû䣬Ͳڵ۶ѹĳȥ
ٻٻ˵;ܾҪ󣬲ظ¸ۣⲻܣһʼ˵ˣҪߵĻǾͷ֣ûκתء
¸۵ʱɫ𾪣ıرĲ˼飬ƺ˵ĸ飬ǶҪ̸ۼˣȲһֻè
èҪ¸۶ҲҪٻٻ侲֮󣬾͸¸úõġ
Ҫôˣʱн
ͬʱ¸۶ҲҪǸǰһһèѵ
ĲеĻٻٻܹܷ֡
ʵ¸ҲܱȫⲻΪʲôһֻèŮ˵ôҪ
ǰȷʵǲˣΪǵĸֻè
ٻٻӣ¸֪ûκء
᲻ٻٻǱͷʾԸĴڡ
ٻٻΪɹĽԴϲû뵽ȴڹϷ⡣
ٻٻаװҲè䲢ûдӴܳȥأ
һڼĸأ
Ȼ˼ҲԼ˵⻰е㲻ʵʣһء
ٻٻҡͷ¸۵ؽ§ڻУظаװǽպûˣһƬհףڼҲ˺ü飬ûĽ

˼ҲˣǴӡһѰè£档ҿ˳ĶŪġ
¸ҲŵͷǵģҲ뵽ˣ͵ľߵ꿪ȥӡٷݡʱҸٻٻ;·ˣڸ̳ϣܹҵ䡣
˼ԶԶԣô°֮Ҳһæ
ٻٻм֣̫ллˣ˼
ӦõģҲϲ䡣
˼Щë׵СҲкøУƽʱڼϢʱҲᵽٻٻﴮţ档
֪ʧ٣˼ʵҲͦżġ
¥ʱ򿴵ٻٻ¸ۻοƺģϵĻҪСҡ
˼̾˿ֻϣܹҵ˶ôʹࡣ
ڶ죬˼һȥϰˣϰڼ仹ϵһ°׾ƾƣô
׾ƾ븸ͬ븸ȥ˵۶ľ
׾ƾߵ㣬ǧĳǣֻ⴦ķ⣬ǧǰڵǻͣǰ׾ƾȴƳҵķˡ
ظһ˼ĺܿģߵķ羰ܺã﷢չǸѡҸ߿ѡ־ԸҲῼ۶ߵѧУ
˼ȻǾ˫˫Żӭ۶ߺõĴѧ٣߹ĻչǰҲǳ
԰׾ƾȻڵ۶طչֳı¡
СطȻҲԣҪ׬ǮĻȻط߳¡
ڳͣͣ羰׾ƾƻ˲Ƭ
׸û۶ûôǱʡ˰׾ƾƴӦһʱĴ䣬ҲҪߵ迴˼
ȻЩͼƬĵĸҵȻǲһ
֮⣬Ҳ븸ֻ˼ţͨͨҲԺڴ̸ʡ
ϾǴССʲô鶼ᱻ˵ǰҺʵױ۸ἰʱҲǶǵͬꡣ
Դ磬ǰ׼ң˳˾ηĽ
Ұ׾ƾҲóýѧЩҾ߻ֻ׸ϵЦ˲١
ĩؼңÿÿ˸ĸкʱϵĿĽеĿĿ˵Ƕˡ
ֻǿĵĻֶֺΪأ


110 
븸Ű׾ƾƵֻ, ͸ֻͷſǽߣԼݸһЦŮ̲ס̾, 徵ͷԭܽĵôƯ, ״ʦʵع㰡
Ҳ֪ļҵĹŮܹôɫܸɡ
ĿǰΪֹ, 븸ʵ֪׾ƾƵĵϸ, ֻ֪˼, ˼ҲƳ֡
ټ¶һ֣ɹذǽ̥, ŮָĲ븸ûκεĻɡ
ϳǰ, Ů˵仰ߣȴŮѾԺɢ߶ˡ
ʱͰˡ
żæŵҪŮȥϢŮȴʾԼͷͦõģ˯Ҳ, ʱ򣬾Լ棬Աϵʱ߶, һʿ
׾ƾҲ˵ˣ״, żһһߣһֱŲҪá
״ʦô˵ˣ븸Ȼͷ, Ůǰ͸źС, ﲻ֪жˡ
븸Ͽڵ۶, ֱ, Ķ±Ƶĺܡ
һͽӵԼϰϢ䵱һ˾ΪʲôͻҪϰԳȫͬ
˵طһѽȻǸòС
֪ԼϰȻǮգǶԼ겻ӲԼСŵʱ򣬻ϰϰıŮһŵģȻĻǲϰǶһ˿һС
ȥ·УϰС̬ʵЩ֡
ϹϾһʱʱ𾴳ν
СͣƺϰŮСΪʲôϰ廹Ҫľƣ
˹ˡ
һһһʦ״ʦ״ʦСҲ̫˰ɣȡа״ʦģ
ȵȣ˼Ҳǽа״ʦ˼ǷĴʦɣ
뵽ǰʱԼϰŮϷһЩ飬Լϰʦ⣬̲סը˻Ǹ鲻Ѿ˵
ǸʱŵɷԴʦдġ
Ȼ֪ôˣǴϰÿϲЦտӦԲѽ
⳵ϵİ״ʦðģ
ѵԴʦͽܣ
ɺҲѽ
ȦģҲϸʣϰķԸ˰ϰѡĿĵؿų
ӳൽ˷㣬ȥ븸ȥ˽Сݣǰ̵ƣ̵ƻʣ7룬ԼͨҪӴſٿȴС￪ڵٶȷ̵ƲҪȥ
ãȻǽµȴûвȥҲû٣ֱϰҲͣ£һ飬ɲ
ʱǰ̵ֻʣ룬ղżӿٶȵĻǿ԰ȫͨȥġ
е֣ѲɶԷĳ
ֹ֮ʣһתͻȻ֪ٴ˳ݵһ¾ʹǰХ
ҪղżͨĻ϶ײ
ΪԸղʱ߰ʮˣԷɲס
뵽󱳵亹Ҫðˣ͵ػͷֵؿںɫƽ΢΢ЩЦŮͰ͵ס״ʦģ
׾ƾƿп޵ص˵ͷ¸̵ƿˡ
±ƵʿˮǺƣͫ׻ǶȻһײ죬һŤͷ򴰻ŷǸղʻĳһСײ·ߵĻ̳
ҿûиײĻ϶¡
̶̼ʱ䣬оԼ۶ˢһ顣
Ҳ٣Ҳ̫ţ˰ɡ
Ǹ˾ǻá
·Ȼô죬ȥͶ̥
븸³̽ͷЩѾؿȥǺɫͷײˣ̲סЦ˼ָϽŰ׾ƾƹάʦһοɶ㣬ȻĻٶֵ
ÿС¶ѡ
ûлͷȥҲ⡣
ʱ̵һţƽƽȵؿ˹ȥΪ׾ƾƴcall
ףΪʲôԼϰСϹϾġ
Ͼڵ̲סŰ׾ƾƸߺ
ֳܷܷɫ㱵ڳͷΪղžײԭ򣬲С˵ˣˣͱȲԼúõĿţͻȻԱ˶һŤͷȴʲôûиоһȴЦľ֡
ΪԼ쿪ſյԶ߲Ż쬵ġ
ֻڱŵһſš
ƣӵʱ򣬺һ˹Ц
գһˣϻ֣ɾôͻأسһ˵Ц
Ц˵ԣҪԣԼǳֶС
Ϊţһתһȣܲ˵ǰȥŻ᲻Сײϻ̳
˵ûʲôˣ˵ûиײϡ
ֻǻٻ˹·ʩһܷܷûϣϾеǮν
֤ʻű˾ֻ֮һ鷳£ʹ绰衣
ĸʱԼСǳ緹ҵİԡ
ϾʱҲŮδд˶ӣ˺ӣֻڷĴˡ
Ƕĥǲ븸ģԹ˸ɵֵѡ
ŮĻҿ϶ҲҪúýѵѵѡ
СҲǣô㣬û˾ȥзȻǲϧ
˵ǸУ˲Ųͬ⡣־ϲҳ߸еһסˣɲó
˵ŮȻҪҲҪҪһЩ˸ƭˡĳȻЩҪһ졣
ɲ𣿡
ҲסҸѾͷԺʱҲȥˣӴιС׵ģݵģ˿˲֪ۡ

ָָ㣬˵˲ӣŻôŮͷĸĵ£ˡ
ѽЩŮĿǧҪһЩ˵ĻƭˡúúǼסǰ֮
˵˵ţǾᵽ˸ҵŮ˵˵ѵļûѵǶ˵ЦŸŮܡ
ĸţҲЩ꣬ĸûʲô󽻼żۻϼ棬Ĺ䣬ĸĸйٸлǲġ
ֻû뵽Ůֳô
ɵرҲ뵽ԼŮ
ܷܷУ׷ͲҲʱԼŮ
Һܷܷû̸뷨Ȼĸ׿Ҫ
ʱܷܷȵ绰ˡ
ĸһŵÿӶˣϽԼС˵һϰǰֳ
⺢ӿǲ˵ûõղԿǲ
ںˣԼ߳˰ɡ


111 
ĸ绰֮, ܷܷ˿ûеһʱӳǿʼ绰
꾯֮, ׼ӳ, ˸ճվһԣȴһɫγӭײ˹
ܷܷŵôԭ, ҲҶ, ֻؿƺǷĴ, ͵Ĵһ·̣, ͷǴݵĲ˹ȥ
ܷܷ촩ȹӣͷ, ˤڵء
̶ɲɫγܿͣҵ˳, û°ɣû°ɣ
ܷܷڵϣֻôȸ۵Ĳ, ۺˮҵؿ˹ȥ, ͼȺ񱻲һ⣬Ѫģʶؼ˳, ҵ, ҵȣ
һ, ϵһ, ܲñ
ҲƼˣŵһƣϽ˾ȻͬʱҲ˾˳ıչ˾
˼˼Ҳԣֻ⳵ײ˻̳ô˲ԱվһվҸպûƼŴ߿˹ȥ
ܷܷ裬вɣôһ㿴˵ң㳤۾ģ
ǸʮСӣŰܷܷҲ˼Ͼ˼СŪġ
ֻǾԼǵùˣܷܷӺδꡣ
Ȼˣ̧ܷܷ˳ʿ򵥵ؼһ£ȷǲһС⣬ʲô⣬ʱֲܹƤֲƤ֮Ҳкۼġ
ܷܷ޷ܣ²֪ҪöٰĻƷϲıǶ̿ȹһô˰
ĸ⳵տֽӵŮܷܷ磬˵һɵײҽԺϽҽԺ
ĸľ͸˹ɽһĲУôö˶˵ֱײˣ
ܷܷ˵ţǸ˲۾ײȣһ⣬۵ҪֲƤ
ĸۼˣϽתȥҽԺ
һߣ׾ƾƸ븸˽˳һٲ͡
ϰĲȲ˻ˣǳϰ׾ƾƵĿζ
׾ƾƳԵ˳ģ븸ҲܸˣϰǸ
ϰ븸Ҳˣ븸Էϰ˳ƻ븸˻ྡ
İ׾ƾʱϰ廹ЩȣЦŵû˵㻹еڶŮ
ϰû룬Ͼ븸Ҳء
Ҫ븸ŮˣܻһԷⲻ
븸֣µϰһ£ǣҾһŮֲǲ֪æİ״ʦ𿴰״ʦС൱ĳɫҼҰ״ʦġ
״ʦλ˽˵ϰ壬أˣĲ൱ĲҪϲĻǻԡ
׾ƾƺ˿ڻ裬ǻζ̧ۣΪ븸ĽܶԵЩ͵أһЦȻףȴѼ绪ãҽа׾ƾƣλѧʦκԵҪĻҡ
أ⡭
࣬˵Ǹʦػеš
븸ʲôݣҲǲ֪ǶԷƳĻҲ˵ǰСˢӵġ
Ҳ׾ƾЦЦõĺõģҪĻ
׾ƾͷβҲŻζһ£ҾͦҪ
:
һãȻʲô
븸񿴳˵ʲô͵һĴȵʦ˼س˵⣿
׾ƾһӡ÷ڣཹյùС
ʲô
شʧɫ͵վȷС
׾ƾƵͷϵĹɲ٣ǲȥصأ
븸Ͱ͵ؿ˹ȥð׾ƾƾû˵
Ȼؼ׾ƾƵķ˼ȻһƨɾȥţԶԶԣ˵ĶԣǰʱȥϼɨĹˡ游ĸɨģȥʮˣǷͲ֪һˣ˺þãǿǶ֪λá
һƬطȫǷصأ֪ô½šҲǲǲ˼ҷͷˡ
븸Щƣôö˶˵ȥ游ĸɨأ
ؽ͵ǰҰ軹ڵʱ򣬶ȥɨĹյֽǮⲻǰҲȥ游ĸǱߵķĹҾûôɨˡϾʱҲôˣҲǵĶˡû뵽λ˾Ȼθң˵ڵûǮá
һξˣ˺ü죬ҾѰ˼ţûǮңҾʰʰȥϼɨĹ
˳ҲҰ˵ֽǮû뵽ǣɨĹ֮һľ͵ùˡǿײǿʱ򣬿ͻʳж˵˵ֵġ˽˷ݿôãȫǿڱ˼ʳжȦﴫˣ⼸Ͽͻ͵Ͷˡ
˵һᰡ
븸죬ô֪
˵꣬룬Ϊ⼸ҶæŮ£ľûע
ܰɣ֮⼸ȷʵͬ״ʦ˵ù͸ˡ
˵ʱƣǰʱ仹һ䣬˵ҪҪȥݰػ˵Ҫ
û뵽תͷͱˡ
ʦ㿴ҪôЩɬĴ꣬ŵǲǺѰСΪʲôң
׾ƾƿϷСѣ㣬ֻΪǴȥصʱ򣬲СĲһķأ˰Ҳ˳С԰档Ҳǳĵġֻ֪һж൹ùڻſء
أ
ļƤ˲ŵԼϿȥ˶ҪԼߣƤ
ĶĶ
ҪˣȻСϡ
׾ƾƴ˸ָСſصļͷŰ׾ƾƣȻ׾ƾûЩʲôܹܵ׾ƾƶв
׾ƾƳ֣СΥ˳ӵشصļͷӣ˰׾ƾƵǰ
׾ƾƿСһһۣͺС꣬ѹ
Ҳʮˣһ˵һͻţͷǣ꣬СƨҲ֪ǳʲô⣬һֱԭء
ֱղűظ˳
׾ƾƵĶڳˢˢضͬŵʿˮ
ʦСھǰ
׾ƾƵͷԣûСĺܡȻϼǱߵĹأʴӦ֪˭ҵĺӡӦҲʮ˰ɣǸкӣӴԼꡣ
죬ȻʮС޵ĻҼǵּҡ
޸Ҽ϶ͬһģʱΪ̰һûע⣬ԼȥˣˮˡʱֵϴˣŵҰҶӿû뵽Ȼ
ʪյС׾ƾƾûҲǷ˵ģǱӦûˣСʪģС׵ĺܡĸĸĻҾ˳ŸȣתȥͶ̥
شϲǸð鷳״ʦˡ
Ĵ˭أ
˰׾ƾƳ͡
ҪΪСҪΪҪǰ׾ƾƿϵĲԣ֪ҪּҵĺӲء
ǰӷӰ


112 
Զٷ׬, ׾ƾҲͦġ
С͸һķϣ׾ƾ˳ָһŷ, ܹƽ, ɰظ˵ĲС
־Ĵʦ󣬸ϽֳǮҰ׾ƾ˺üƽ, ԼŸá
븸Ҳ۲, ѽ, ôû뵽״ʦȻǻȻǲڻ¡
а״ʦķ߻, ϶ͲƵٷˡ
һԳţͬҲ, ͸ղһŵ˵û
ţѾ˵ˡ
ʲôȫͨͨһ
Ҫ֮󣬰׾ƾƶˣĵд֣һҲòô, ǷָݺҲҪʮŰɣ
һЦⲻԷһϾ״ʦ, Ϊ˼ŷרһˣ಻, Ի׼һЩ
Ҫоͷ԰ôĴʦȻͬ, , ٵһ, ֪׬١
Ȼ˼ҶǮĶ, ׾ƾȻ֮⡣
»㶨֮븸شϰ׾ƾȥ档
۶ĵط̫ܶ࣬Ⱦ͸¯Ƶġ
븸˿˵Ǻ䤱ͷˮʪˣ˶ġ
ɳһԵİ׾ƾȴˬˬһź鶼ûУͬˣôôأ
ǰ׾ƾȥ̳һ䣬׼˴Щ
븸ȻӦ£ȥ̳ɱ濴羰ҪĶࡣ
븸ƴֱʾ׾ƾҪʲôϡ
׾ƾƸܾˣЩԼǮ͹ˡ
׾ƾƵļ֣븸ûš
̳͢ѲӵʱƼ븸һСǱϹϾһǹӣ۽硣
ԷȦİţûĸŮ˵ųԷȻָһСƨɺ棬ϸŸˣ˼ҸͲܡ
͢ϡ漫ˣǰ뿴ʲôŮܹüʶŮ˵븸ˣʮСһŮƨɺ۰Ͱ͵سš
׾ƾƸѡһ˿׼͸̧ͷʱ򣬸պ߿͢Ŀԡ
ڼ͢һ˲䣬׾ƾüû뵽۶ľϲ
Ȼԭס
ԷԼ֣ȴȫȻİӣҲǲ֪ԼŮ
׾ƾƳ΢΢ףЩʲô
һԭԸϻԼĸԼððʧܹȥ˵Ů뻹ᱻΪ񾭲
һǳӵ飬ǿԷӣȻǳԸ̸ͥǸӡ
׾ƾƲΪ˷ԼϿεʱ䡣
ͷŸ׸
͢ŮĲһʱ˻֮С
ˣû뵽̳һųôŮӡ
Ҫǰ͢Сʱܸо֡
֮Եֻ֡
͢Ű׾ƾƿʱ븸һŤͷĴڣǰѣܺþòû뵽㡣
͢عЦŸ͵ԶԶԣҲû뵽㣬ܡ
ˣѡ̳ҵĲҵѡʲô͵ġ
븸ЦҪôſѡġ
Ŷˣ
͢ĿⲻԾ䵽˰׾ƾƵϣСﳤøϸһŰƴСƯɫЩƽĮ΢ϢͺŮ·һ˲¡
ǲ֪ôģ͢ȴСЦĻձȻСУϢɢɾƤɰ
͸һ
뵽һ룬͢ع̲סԼһ¡
ЩʲôأôСԼųһ
ԣѡľҵĿˡλĴʦ¡ˣܣҪѧʲôҪģԾȥλ״ʦķǳ
ڸղŻǸ˽˵ѽС飬ɲ֪ҵʱжྪȡ
˵ĸòذɣ
һȦӻģղ˽ˣһܻ϶֪ġ
ԶԶԣأû뵽Ҳʶ
ǿɲտɲǸǵģһҪȥһˡ
ɾǰ죬Ȧ˷˽˵ǰиǶ˷к͵ҽԺ˵ʳжһ߿вѣˡʱæҲûչȥûصôأ
˽˳ǳԵľһʸ˭ȥ
ȦˣϢǻͨģһĳ֪ˣǱȻȦӶ֪ˡ
ҪǴãɵһǧɣⶼһȥ
븸˵ĲصĴùСˣСɵĺ¡
͢
źۼԱŲŲôţ
˵ģ
صĹҲҲаʳжСˣⲻǰǵɵˣ
Ȼǡ
븸һʾǶѡİ׾ƣȻǴʦġ
ҴʦȥԷʦһ۾ƳϵĲԣؽСȥͶ̥ˡ˵
͢
ȻҲŰɣҲû븸ŵôš
һƺδСﰡôʦϱߣ
ﻳɹ黳ɣ͢ȴǺòЦЦû
븸ֺǺǵǿɲʲô˲ò࣬⼸ǳּʶˡ
׾ƾ򵥳븸ǰ״ʦطҪ𣿡
׾ƾҡҡͷˣϺúϢ컹ҪϷɻء
õĺõģأ״ʦʲôԵ𣿡
ţãʱҳԵˡ
õĺõģû⡣
͢վһԣ븸ڵӣֻ𾪡
⣬ܸоס
븸ݵλԷûô븸ҲͰ͵
ѲɶԷ۶³ⲿһԱ
˵ⲿĴʦȫɽġ
Էͣòһʦͽܰɣ
ܣǾˡ
͢븸ЦЦõģߣ´лһԸ
գû⡣
͢Ŀ뿪ڰ׾ƾƵϣٳٲߡ
׾ƾŶûлͷûбҪ
뿪ûã͢ͽӵԼŵĵ绰
һ̳ϡ£ȴȸ֪ˣԼŮԼСײ˻ֵ̳ùر˲Сײȵһ顣
ʲôôôСģܷܷûʲô󰭣
ûʲô£ȵһС⣬ܷܷ˵ǿ¡
˵ܷܷûͲҪ򳵣ְֵǲȰںˣŮôһۼ󰡡
͢ҲǽŵĲУϾҽԺ


113 
͢ҴææصҽԺ, ĸȣܷܷѾǹȥֲƤˣȫȨɹܼڴ
С˿, ҽ˵Ȭ̺Ҳر, ǶڰС˵جΡ
԰ֱܷܷѡֲƤ
͢ϵ, ĸڵس˸, ˵, ֶҪʱܷܷƫƫ, ںˣܷܷһۼ, ˰ɣ
͢ͷ󺹣ҲǰûڣҲû뵽⣬Ҳܷܷ, ⳵Ŀǰֻڳţܿȥ⺢ôô
֪ܷܷʱôȥץסöˡ
̲͢ס, ץôΣôûԿ׸ûˣ
ĸһ, ջˣ㻹˼˵ԿѵûûͷıԿ׻ģ
͢ƻæ, úú, ҵĴ, ҵĴ, ҪǵŮ
ʱҽͻȻִ࣬ѪҽԺⷿaѪպûˣҪѪĸĸλAѪ
ϷǰɣǰɣֲƤôλãѪ
ҽʲôҽ˰ɣ
͢ɫһݣһҽԺ˵ҽҽĻŮҲ׾ôҽԺֲƤѽ
ҽʲôֲƤѪ𣿡
ҽͷȻᣬѪСṦܲõľ׳Ѫ
ĸЩˣ˿ôôͻѪأ
ҽͬ±ƣҲû뵽ôСС˿ھȻصѪ͸ƵģʵǵǰѪǴѪھλλAѪǺ̰ųѪ
AѪ
ǷBѪôŮAѪ
Ϸ򸾶˴һ±Ȧһ±Ȧ
ҽǲŪˣǷBѪôҲAѪǲOѪ
ҽšüͷôŪ鵥ʾװףĻ߾AѪǲǶλŪˣ
ôܻŪأ
ǷBѪһǿ϶ûŪ
ŮôܻAѪ
͢ɵؿҽһλҽԺҽҽ
ֲƤһСطŮѪ˵ŮAѪⲻ
ҪΣ͢ھжҽŮ
ĲŪ
ҽҲˣԼˮ棬һֲƤֳô۶ӣⶼʲôʲôѽ
һ軳ɵӣҽ֪ƽȥҪĶܶ࣬ûǸʱ䣬ǸϽлʿϵӸҽԺȡAѪ
˵ǸҽԺAѪ滹ͦ࣬պÿá
ҽ˿תͷͽҡ
ͽϷ򸾶±ãȻ
ŮôAѪ⵽Ūˣ
ĸЩһƨԵϣôѵǶûзѪϵĲ𣿡
͢ҲĲ⣬ҲŬ˼Ѫ飬ĸôһʣ˳ڵ챨ûʾѪ͵ġ
ĸҲǻи£ԶԶԣ챨ûС
ҺСҲȷʵûŮѪ͡
Ļңûҵ򣬸ϽȥҺţ˸Ѫ͡
ĵȴˣBѪûд
ĻܷܷAѪôģ
͢ɬĴ꣬űBѪ⼸ϣһֳѪ֮С
ĸֻúҲסڶΪҲ˺ܴĲԡ
ܷܷôAѪ
ǴģĸŮ
͢һԱߵλһѹ֪ͣЩʲô
͢ĸҲܻţʲô˵ǲҽŪˣʵŮBѪ
͢ޱ̧ͷÿҽŪˣܷܷAѪĻѪ⣬Ҫܷܷ𣿡
ĸ˶꣬ɫɷףΪ͢˵Ķԣҽ¹ʸܷ
ǿԼBѪҽ϶ġ
ڰĸ֪ʱ򣬰͢Ȼڣͬƽһףը㱲ѣҪȥӼ
ʲô
ĸ㵲ؿԷҪӼ㻳ң
͢ȴҡҡͷһ˫ؿǶҪ
ҵȻ㲻ҴñӡڻɵǵŮǲڳʱ˵ʲô⡣
ĸ֮ĸӹɣĻ飬
ĸܷܷʱѪ֪֮͢µҪתͷͰԼˡ
ĸָ֪֮ѹ˵ǰ͢Ľϣѹ̥
Ȼֻ͢һŮˣǰĸȻ⡣
ôĸҲһֱû
˵ĸ˵Ũȣǰмӵ飬ͷֲˡ
͢ôһ˵ղӿֳΪ͢ŭҲϨȥ
Ϊ侲ְ֮͢˵ĿǶԵġ
ģȻ֪Լ϶ûг죬ôӵѪͲԣ϶Ϊ⺢ӲǷġ
ųֱҪ̫򵥡
ˣô᲻ǵأ
뵽ĸۿ˲ͺˣľͺֽקס۵ᶼҪˡ
ĺӣĺأ
ôˣĺȥˣ˭ĺӣ
ϼҽԺĳʿ˶ӵĿٴԺи˳
ǲʱҲɥĲĻʿ
ۿŰĸԼԼݵһ»ֱֻ͢˵ٻűţҲֻأҲܷܷǵŮֻѪͳ˱أ
ĸᣬûشһ£㵱ɵȻûö꣬Ҳ֪BѪֲͣABѪͣôܻAѪأ
˵䣬ҵĵˣҽƣ˳ӭİϷ򸾣ժ¿֣Ѿûʲô󰭣Ȼͺˡ
⻼ȷ?NʵBѪλʵĻԵȻȥһѪͣǶλټһ£ʲô⡣
ͬʱһ٣͢ǿһЦллҽ
ɫ԰׻Ƕ˯İܷܷĸ͸ߵƵģôֹס
ˣڿܷܷԽԽĶĳö
ǰû˵ܷܷѾͷﳤǣ¾Ϊǵĺӣü֮ûһĵط
͢Ѿ绰˵ͷӼˣʱҲܼ尾
˰ĸ˵ģԺвԾظֳ˽̳ϼλŮ
ǸŮͺܷܷࡣ
Ҫǣúĸ
̫̫񵽲֪˼Ƕվһ𣬶ΪĸŮ
ĸŮ
͢ĺȻ͵ؿһ£Щ


114 
֮ǰûǷ, Ϊ֪͢ԼһŮŮܷܷԼߣС, ԼҲûʲô˽˽Ů, ԸͲǸŮǼʲôϵǾôô
ǰܷܷǵŮأ
Ǹ˲Ůأ
͢һӾͽ, , ȻЩڰʱûиǸŮк
֪븸ϵʽ, ܹ鲻Ҳ˾ˡ
뵽΢΢˿, ŰĸǼ尾ʹӣ͢ԥ, ֪Լòø߰ĸ顣
ܷܷŮ飬ĿǰΪֹ֪Ǽ٣һǼٵģʱֺΣ
Ȼô, ǰ͢ȴ֪ٵĸʸߡ
ʱͷ, ԼϰķԸ֮
̫ϰϰʲô, ö˶˵ΪʲôҪӼ
ѲǾðܷܷС㲻ǵĺ
ҲûܹϰҪȥӼ, һ˼ӼǮ
Ǯʹùĥ, õٶҲǳ졣
û˽Բ, õͼҴҵػȥ˰͢
͢ӹ, 뿪֮󣬾͸ĸڲЩ׼𿪡
ĸֶûԼۿð͢˸
͢һ͵ʿˮ֮󣬲΢΢ֽϴ𿪣ûֱ
һ˲䣬׼ЩѣһŻ
ôôô˵
ĸĶˡ
͢ɫЩήң̾İĸļ򣬡ǲµûܷܷĲǵŮǵŮˡ
һ˲䣬ĸֻԼһ㣬˴ǶҲ޷Ҳ˵һ¾͸ǽһף΢Ѫ˿
ûƭң
ۿĺѪ˿һ˫۾͸Ѫһ㣬˵ʱˡ
ûУûƭ㣬ģ㲻ŵĻԼһ±档
ĸ۾ݵһµѪһ˾þ֡
͵ضϣڿûѪԵϵʱҲܲסغ
ôô
ܷܷô᲻Ů
ŮأŮȥˣ
ô֪꣬ԭԼŮ⡣
ֻҪһ뵽ԼŮ֪ںδ֪úòã͸һܡ
ܵǣôŮֲԼŮ
ͺһЦ
ĸ޵ĶҪȥ͢Ҳǳʹ࣬˵Ҳ
Ѿ֪ԼŮ˭ҲˣɾΪŸܡ
Ϊ븸֪ΨһһЩŮϢŮλʦ֮Ը븸ʶŮڸ븸æ
ô͵ĺӣӦϸеġ
ɽأ
ȴ븸ߣæѧ飬ⲻ˵ŮڳԿ
ѧϰͣȴѾ򹤣һɵЩûǰ;˵ǿɹƭĻܲ
尾˺ܶ࣬Ψһһ뵽οı֮ǰ²ԼŮȻܱ븸Уֱб£ɽЩʦͽܡ
ɼ͢۰
ŮӦܷܷһлϥ£ǹ¿سΪʲôʦͽܡ
ССѧûϣֱӾͳɻˣΪʦͽΣǿ
͢۵ĲС
ۿŰĸܲסؿҪιȥ͢Ͻסæ˵ţ㲻ҪҪŮǺܿҵŮġ
ĸεһ룬͢ôһ˵ӲǽԼӻѣı߽˻۾棬ŵؿ˵ŮϢ
ԣġ
ĸץס죬Ȼͣڻҹ»ع飬ǲƭң֪ܷܷǵŮתͷ˵֪Ů㵱ɵ𣿡
˵ţĸֺݺݵȭͷ˰͢ü£ֵˣ֣͢סȭͷæͣģûƭ㡣
˵Ҳ棬Ҹձ㽲ģ绰˵ܷܷˣûʱ˵
ĸӣɵؿ˵
ҲȥԼ̳ǹ𣿽ϵܡ
ĸǸŮδУ˺ӴѪһܣ
ԶԶԣ
͢ͷȻܵʱ߾͸һСʮͣ÷ǳƯ
ȻƯǹؼؼһŸǳ֪ʱҿʱʲô𺳸𣿾ͺʱֳҵǰ
ĸȵ΢ţȻʮˣǱ壬ȳƣ߳ȥʱ˭ûѾʮˡ
ʱ˿̣β΢죬ۿһˮž˾ó֮顣
ûƭң
ȻûС
ַ͢ģôܻƭ㣿
ҵʱʱľȣûŮ롣ϾȴûʲôѪԵϵģҲ˵ûСߣŮܷܷһֱû뿪ôܻ뵽ȥ
ֱղҽ˵ܷܷѪ͸ǵĲƥ䣬ӼҲп̳ǸŮŮ
ĸĻң˵Ҫȥ븸ߣǸϽȥʡ
͢æס𼱣֪ŮҲǡڵǸʲôǵȺúòһ顣óóȻȥŮôĸ
ҲԣҲԣ飬ǵúúòһ顣
˵꣬𼱻ǵ͢ߣҪȥ鵽׵귢ʲô顣
ܷܷӻ۾ʱ򣬾ͷֲһˣԼǸʲô
Щѵ캰裬ûӦ
ίôҪʱ̣İôûĲǰţ
˶ȥˣ
һֻûдŵεԼֻһȦûҵиǲ꣬뷢쭡
ô£費ڵĻôչİҲһûԼŮж㡣
ܷܷĶҪˣȴǺȻһɭȵҲǵģ֪㲻ǵŮ
ܷܷ˶סˣֻû쬵ġ
й
֮ǰڳǸֳˡ
϶й
µɪɪҲҶӶҪ
ܸܵԼһ壬
˳ۿݵĻ䣬Ƕʱ˿̳˿޸û뷨
ղǹ˵Ļûнӡ
ʱ򣬲ű򿪣ϤӰ˽ְֵ
ˣܷܷǿƲסشй
ȥҰ֡

ϰһô£
ǰ޸ȥӼϰŮʹй
ʲôֵֹ


115 
ûõ, ǿҵĴڡ
صȻٺٵЦճֳ˶⣬ðܷܷԾؾ뵽˵ӾЩɵϷҸŮʱĿǡ
һʱ֮üȶ, ʶ˱, ۿؿɵ㶵վſڵֱѪ
һôôû
ȥ, վ, ô˻
ȥҰ, ȥҴʦй
ܷܷһ, ˻ߣȴǻ±Ƶ, ԼԼԽĸо
֪Ǹйڿ
µǣǹ˳ĲԼӶȥ޾·ӵ谭
Ҳ˵ֻҪǸйԸ, Կս顣
ܷܷ˲ö͸ˣΪĸ˶йĿ־֮飬ֱֱ, ֱ˲ֱͻѪ
ֻѪûض, ܿҲֱӴӰֱܷܷ֮г
һ˲ʹûðܷܷʲôעͱйռˣڲעЩ
ܷܷǺı׷, ŵһ, Ͻס
С, ôˣŵ, ô嶯
ֲƤҲҶ
ܷܷпϣסĸ첲ָؿ̽Ѫ֮С
ܷܷǰʱףָױƽҪӲĶ࣬ĸ첲ʱ۵˲죬û
ҪǿϰŮķϣ֡
ȥ绰Ұ֡
ܷܷ˵⻰ʱΪ˵
޷ֻóԼֻϵԼϰ塣
κΰ͢ĵ绰һֱڸ֮ͨУʹ򲻽ȥ
ĸҲͬĽҲΡ
ûϵϣִܷܷܡ
񶾵ţϰϰﶼǷǳº͵ˣôŮƢô
ѹϰϰҪӼ㲻ҲɰܷܷǲϰŮ
Ȼ︹̹鸹̣ǰܷܷҪɡ
С㣬ϰϰæԵ绰ͨ԰꣬ȵλһ£ҽлʿвУ
ղ˵й⻰Ǵš
յģʲôģɰܷܷ
У
ܷܷɤżޱȣֻԿǺʲôƴ꣬۵
úúã˵оͲУҪôŪ
޴룬֮ǰ͸ܷܷӴ֪СƢѸ㣬û뵽ôź
òΪԼһϰϰûߣԾͼӱ˰ɣ
ܷܷҪѪˣ⻹õôҰְģôûãʲô鶼Ҫϰ壬ҵĻͰ㿪ˡ

ҪллϰĲ֮
һǿѹסĵ׵ŭ𣬸ԼϰŮϰŮﲻ
Ȼǿ¶һЦôʰС㣬ӦôأҼȲǴʦⷿ䵽ûйû취Ҳǻʿûа취ԼͷȨֱӸ㻻䣬֪ʲô߼
߼ͷ
ܷܷĸ첲ֺݺݵ˼£۵͵ԱվվΪ⧲뿪µվİܷܷһСľֱ˵ڵأ˿۵֨ҽУ৵һ¾ͲҪ
ʱǸйֳߡ
ɭִŨŨĶ⣬ҪңΡ
ôÿҾҪôÿϱϱɣ
۵һץİܷܷй˵֮ᶼŵֹͣסˡ
Ъ˹ط˫ƴضſζϵؾܾΣΣҹҹ
ɴ˿ںܿΪľҶѪֻ֣̿ſȭߣҪƴӰԭΪСðܷܷˤ鲻ѣæҪȥҲǸһ
ԲۣԲۣ
ܷܷòǳ˵ӣڲþ˰ɣ
ȻĻôͻȻ裿
Ͻִϰϰĵ绰Ȼ֮ͨС
Ҳˣôôĵ绰ҪôôĻҪ˵
ǵıŮڳˣҲ֪һܵ
Ͻǰܷܷʱ˿̵İܷܷоԼһŵɫס
µȵ壬ͺץסһһ㣬קסͲɿ
ֻܷܷ֣Լĸ첲Ҫšˡ
ʹĿҪţҪһֻƿܷܷǸƲ
ֻ֣ܰȴܷܷɹһ񷿼ȫǹܾӣʱʱгҲǲ
ֻƴŰܷܷͷ忿ȥȻƴؿȴҽʿľԮ
Ȼȥĸ첲¾Ҫڰܷܷˡ
ҲԼǵù
Ǻǣʲôܿ㣬ĸ
Ϊ㻹ǰ׼ǧЦ㲻ˣ֪㲻ǰ׼Ů׼Ůˡ֪ΪʲôĿǰΪֹһֱϵ𣿾ΪѰԼŮͰˡ
ܡ
ֻܷܷǺЦ⻰˵Ľ˾ЦԷǡ
ôܲĺӣ
ôܻӣ
϶ƭ
ƭңΪɵ𣿡
ֻҪһ뵽puaֻܷܷˣЦ
С
֮ǰ϶ûŮѣƽʱҲ϶˵Щ۾Ļ֮󣬲Żİ׸
Щѻƭ
ܷܷ˵ƽеĸͷǮգƴ
ֻһЩģŻpuaͼޡ
ʲôЦ
һɵ
ûԷһƣֻѾõĽˡ
Զй˵ģܷܷһֶš
侲;й쬵˵⣬
һܷܷҲûôˡ
йôһ˵ΪӺ£ȻͶ·Ļ֮£Ӧйϱ
ܷܷЦ֣ǱŵʧҲܻӦƵ顣
ƭ㣿
йߴ˿ڼܷܷ⧲㱻ŵ͵קסԱߵ㱻ˤӺ󣬵شЦ
ߵ֪Ӽ棬ġһʣ֪ҵû˵ˡ
ܷܷһ㶣𾪵ؿһԣ۵ݶЩŤʵҰȥӼıˣ
ʹϮŴԣܷܷôʵʱѿڶô֪
ȰܷܷŤ𾪣ãȻ±Ƶ֮ͫУŷӦҪûڵһԼͣԼⲻǲ


116 
, С㣬˵, û, ҸղŻûע˵Ļ
ŵؽ, ȻذְܷܷΡ
һӦ˵ʵӦ, ѿڶķ, Ǿʹ¡
ô
ֻܷܷɫ׵ĸֽһ, ˴ڻ֮С
ܵģҾҰĺ, ΪʲôҪȥӼ
üоԼͱ˸¨ӡ
С㣬ȻϰϰȥӼɾͲ㲻ǵŮûһֿܾǳĳԭ, Ҫأ
ܷܷ󣬾ͺץסһݣקסĸ첲, ٣̿, ԵĶԵģ˵ĶԡһһΪĳԭ, ԰ŻȥӼ, ʵһǵŮǲǣ
оԼĸ첲Ѿ, ҿ, ڹϣֻƴصͷԶԶԣû
ˡ
ܷܷǿûȥй˵ٴ
һɹСڰܷܷȥʱʱһͷȻֶ
ҪҪҰѾ㣿
ܷܷŶҡͷҲҲƭңҲ
ľսؿŰܷܷȻ裬ӾͺڸĲԻǼƤֱ
ˣѰС̼ĸˡ
ӣϰòҪ˰ɣ
йɲܷܷܰǲԹԵ˵˵ȤĵطɭֵЦ
ϲƯһȴް취޲ߣֻӿӡ
ֲƤʱͻȻѪҽͣȥĸĸǷBѪ㹩Ѫ
˭뵽㸸ĸ˶BѪ˵˵BѪôAѪءⲻˡ¿ʼ󣬶˵ȥѪͣһⷢԼBѪˣԶ׼
֪϶ǵŮǵϾͽͷȥӼԼĽһõ֣ôţ
ܷܷʣƴҡͷסԼĶ䣬ЩĻ
޿ײ룬ôܣԺ֮У͵ֿˡ
ʾȷʵǵŮǵŮˡֽ컹˵棿
йٺٺٵֱЦǵðܷܷѡ
ôܣôɵ顣
һ㶼ʵôǰӼֵ֤Ů־ͼŮ
ⲻڲ
йЦɲϹģָ׿˵ģ̳Ǽһ賤úŮ˵棿ֻûŮʲôϵƫƫʱҶֽŴѪȻ跢Ѫ͸һ֮һ顣
й˵ʱͦ⡣
û൱ĵ⡣
ҽʱֽţΪܷܷ
϶ϱˣܲȥġ
ȻܹʱֽţҪСҲ׵顣
ҪǰܷܷҾܾǾ͵Լм
ܷܷˣ˫ĿѪŵ߬ȭͷָҲؿ̽У۵Ҫˡ
һܷܷǱҪ裬ſŭӣήˣֻҽʿҪסˡ
㣬Ȼ㶯ֽţҰ跢˲Ծ
ܷܷ˶ҪȥˣҲ˵ûйڴиĻͲκε⡣
κ⣬ͲҪѪѪҲͲᷢѪͲԲһ顣
ôʲôӼʲô߰ĶС
ҪǣйͻȻһҲܳ
һеһжΪйĴ
뵽ܷܷŭգ޲ýйǧС
˼ˡ
ʲôΪʲôᱻĹϣ
ܷܷǱˣΪʲôҪңôƯŮӣΪʲôȥǣ
йŰܷܷǿ޵滨ӣ̲סɫеͣ˭İָҺϰڲϲûϵڤ鶨ˣϱˣҲ
ʲô
ܷܷԭأʲôڤ飿ʲô֣
⽨ŵ飬ܷܷԼû
йҲԼ˵©죬ܷܷҲ֪ô¡
ʱ򣬻ʿϵ˵ͣüͷ𣬡ʲôأԼҲǣ֪Լо˶ôԼ˿ڶŪѪˣ
ʿҲ޷⣬Ͻȥܷܷ£ɰܷܷȴԸ⣬ƴûʿһ䲡һյķ䡣
ʿ̲ס﷭˸ۣȻܷܷס䲡ȷʵǱҲôסȥҪԼ˿ڳѪĵزɡ
ɼȻ˼ҴС㶼ôҪˣպҲĲţǻʿűӸˡ
귿֮Сظ˿ڣһߴһ߾˿ѾһΣڻأ㻹ĻָĽ̫ã㲻ĻֲֵƤǾͻˡ
ܷܷĲɣĿǴӴֱĹߣȵ¶ȣôλεĴ̫йӦòٳ˰ɡ
һ룬جһĶ𣬡Ϊܷסҡ̫˰ɣҵĴʦɲһû취ġʱҲڴ̫ء
Ǹӻϳβİܷܷѣ˳ץʿһԵ̣͵˹ȥ
žƾ޻ɴһء
ʿ±ˣع͵վɫЩףʲô˼Һúø˵㻹ҷƢǲв
ܷܷз겻ʿǻ˹ȥ͸һЪ˹ûʿȡ֣ҩɾȡ
תæʿǸȻ˵ܷܷǸղųײӣھһ⡣
ϣʿ߲Ҫƽϣ˳ҪʿһԲCT
ʿȻģ˭ղԴ鶼ˬ
ԲCTսҽԺʱѾ𣿲ûʲô𵴣ҿͲǳ־⣬о⡣
ұ죬Ҫָ𣿡
ܷܷ۾׺ݵص˹ȥģ͸һ㣬ǰѻʿһ
ʿع֮Цʰöֱ˦žˣʲô˲ģ˭ź˭ź
ɲ
ͷˣʱֻˣֻĻ˸˶ϰ֡
ϲϰڸص绰ˡ
ٲصĻԼСҲҪڰܷܷˡ
ǿסˡ


117 
ϰ, ڻص绰ˣҽԺһˣСѾ, һֱҪϰҪ, СΪ⣬ӳ˵, һֱ˵й, ˵, һŵðӡ
Ͻ
˵ʲô
æͷöϵ˵鵱ҽԺʱ׷ʲôԼ׾ƾƵĸ, ò״callNεİ͢һ⻰ɵ, ʲôй˵ʲô
ضϰܷܷߵ˫۾Ծش˸£ϽҲ֪ô, ǰС֮һֱ˵йûʿ˲ڲ222ϰϽ, ܲԡ
ֻҡ
ܷܷ˫ĴŴأ, ҵæС˹ȥذֻݵ˰ܷܷϡ
ܷܷһӹֻ, ſڱ, , ǲǱ͵͵ӼôܲŮ
ԭֻȵ, ٸܷܷ˵İ͢ٴɵۣŵ˵ģ
͢Ҳ벻ˡ
һôôο
ϰҵ˽£Ҫ
͢İһ¾ˣ̲ס˳ºŶŰܷܷ㲻Ҫôְ֣࣬ھ͹
͢˶ԣǲش⣬ܷܷ˲˹ȵף˫ĿᣬҧŴ꣬Ѫȴɲɿ
ʳֻӵһԣرסԼ壬ҪԴůѾ͸˵ġ
ôû˵ɣ
йճɭĶٴͬجһ㣬ϵɧ
ӴԺҲǰϼŵǧС㣬෴ģһûû˰С档۰мӵİְӴԺֻὫǵǷݰתƵ˵ϣʲôòʲôʳʲôͨͨʧ
ֻ㿴ϵЩһݵУ۵ûûҹдŹΣŸ߿ܹıԼˡ
˸߿Ծţأ߿֮󼴱ǿϲѧУҲǰʮʻԻ͡ǲǾ;÷ǳ̼
ܷܷʹر۾ˮ£ʪɫֻʶ־ûһ˿Ѫɫ׵ľ͸ֽһ㡣
˫۾ͨͨ죬ĺѪ˿۾ʱӣΪʱ˿̵İܷܷ˵ɭ֮С
ڻƴִẈ̂һضſ˺ѷεغţܲܣְ費ҵġҲǵŮҲɰңƭңұ졪
棬ֿʼʧأƵˤŴϵĶͷӵĵǡ
ҪǲϵȻĻܻ赽ҪŴˡ
ˣֿʼˡ
ǾͷƤ飬ƤҲˣĲǿſյеⶾ̫
ԵӵĹ̼ܳҴС㡣
ⲻ
ǻûС˵֪Ĺǳ
СС𼤶ϰϾˡȻʿո˵˲Ҷһ˿ڱûãʱֲֵƤֵܿ࣬òʧ
ģǰҪֹܷܷΪһܷܷͺҵ˷й;ִߡ
Ҫˣ̫ȻԼߵĶӿܶҪȥˡ
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֮ǰ˵йﺦ£Ҳˣǹڴҡ˲Ҫ̫ˡ
ʹ㣬ѵҪʱϵ𣿡
ʱ˿̵İܷܷѾûʲôˣͷɢɫ԰ף˫Ŀ죬ɫͬ
ֱץסֻ͵֡
ܷܷգʮֱֱָؾҪץȥ
ס֣㲻Ҫ̫ˡ
ŰܷܷǼָףоָ׷ﶼƤмǶץ֤ݰ
ҪǿǸʮСϰŮķϣ800ǰһ˦ȥˡ
˭ǼС
ʲôʱܹί
ϰˣһҪ㹤ˡ
˾ʱ򣬲ͻȻ򿪣ʲô
͢ĸ𼱻ǵظҽԺ·ϣ˻أǲѡ
Ϊ֪ôŮ顣
ǰĸ
ϾһֱѰܷܷŮô꣬һ֪ܷܷŮ
˭
ҰܷܷŮ޹أǸʲôӤҲֲͷϣŵպһԼŮŮԸðܷܷһڰ׼ңǾͰѰܷܷĸŮ
˵Ůͬ⣬ôðܷܷסȥ
ҵܷܷĸãԷҲԸܷܷĻôҿԵ߶
ãĸҲԸǮæ
ЩҲֻĿǶѣ֪ôܷܷ˵
ˣѳɶ֣ܱһֱŲ֪ôŮ˵ӱ˵֪ȽϺá˵©죬һ潲ҲǺ¡
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ĸƵ̾Ŵ⣬રવĵʣ˵ö˶˵ģôͳأ
˭ôǰ׼Ҹ
͢ɫ΢䣬ģĻ֮һҵԻڵʹࡣ
ҽԺ֮ԭ֪ô֯ԵĶڼƺŤһĶ˺һӾˡ
æ֣ϰһĿǰ
һ֣ܷܷļֱָӾкˣһֲݺݵץ¡
ԭεϺܿͶ˼ۣ۵
ɴ۾ԼһһֻʹС
в
ĻһٴӿͷŤͷͶϰϰ壬ܹŮ͸һһֱ󳳴֣ˤ˻ʿ̣»ʿ˦ˡղҲǶִߣ㿴ϸϵˡ
ظ״ָָԼߣӸϰ忴һѪĺۼֲ·һ°ܷܷ߳ӡǡ
ֱģᡣ
ǮҲ̫˰ɡ
ʱû˵ҪְϰŮɳ
ԭΪ۸ŮķڼĲ״֮𾪲ѡ
ôҴȥҽҩ
͢Ͻ˲ţȻðĸúõظܷܷ˵˵ҲǻɰܷܷŰǲΪ޷Լǰ׼˵ԭ
ĸصͷѹؿڲϣǿ־ضԼİܷܷ


118 
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ܷܷǿʣ԰ɫѪ߰ߵĴ, һʹĿҪȥ, аĸ۵Ĳ֪Ǻá
˹ȥһѱסԼôŮ, , ȻѪԵϲҵŮ, ֮ĸ鲢ΪѪԵϵʧ
ܰĸ˵ٺǰܷܷһ⻰֪, ǵûĲǰ׼ҵŮ
һһ, ˵ظԼⲻģʵĲǰ׼ˡ
ܵغޣڰĸĻУ޵ľ;ĸ, ϣҲδһƬڰ
, ޣܷܷ, ֻҪԸ⣬һֱҵŮ
ȵʱҵĸְһ, ѵ𣿡
, ޵Ķˡ
ĸغ, , ҵԼŮҲ
ϾôĸŮ飬ôܻһ֮ھʧĸɸɾ
˵
ĸ˫ַסܷܷļ̧ͷԼ۾һһּᶨִȰ谮㣬ǲҵŮܷܷ㲻õģҲú£İѪԵϵʧı䡣Ҫ裬ûƭԲԣ
ܷܷ棬۾ףŰĸĳŵ뱣֤ŵ˵ͷã裬ûƭҡ
ԡ
ܷܷȥˣĸظµ§˻а
ܷܷڰĸĻУůϤĻ¿ʼ
ƫƫǸ˵һֱϵš
ǰɣǰɣôһ˵ˣ
˵ĵΪŮûſŮһﻹǵŮʱۿ϶ȫԼŮѼõĶȫŮӴԺֻܿһڣԹһԶֻܹ⡣
ܷܷٴһһͬһ䣬ĺüԭɢâ۾Ҳ˴֮С
ȻǽйĻ˽ȥ
ǵģԼŮôܻǵŮ
ӴԺҲܶĳ谮Ҳܶ׼ҵԴ
ǳ׵׵ˣᱻԼЩϽóЦס
ԼЩ˿϶Ц
ֻҪһ뵽ˮתֵЩ˲ڽŵ£ܷܷ͸оԼܵҪըˡ
ȫ޷顣
ǰ׼ҽСĽǧС㡣
ҪЩҳŮһֻܸڰ׸ŰЦĸƨ档
ԣԣܲˡ
ô죿
ô죿
ܷܷʹﰧɫãȻ޴룬ÿһ缡϶дž֡
԰ӦҵϱҾͰǸŮôǹҿ׾ٵɱκ˷֡ʱɥŮ֮ʹֻǷӵس谮㣬׼ǧСҲϱ͵ߡ
ôģ첻֣ԸԸӦô
ѻٴ𣬰ܷܷӦס䲻ġ
˵̫⣬̫ˡ
ǰ׼ǧʧˣٳ֣ôְ߾ֻһŮˡ
һǰ׼ҵ飬˳Ƶİ׼ҴС㡣
ʲôı䡣
ΪһɥŮ֮ʹְ϶ӵ۰飬ĳ谮
ܷܷ۾ˣԭ͵ų˴һӾɡ
ܹ
Ȼƭʲô
йٺֱЦŰܷܷȦ׵ӣ
ȻѾ͵͵ؽдʦ˸ܷܷ֮ϵҪܹܷܷˣҪҪܷܷĸԸ
ԭƿţŵͬ⡣
ǣ˭뵽·Ȼôһ飬׾ٵؾܻðܷܷͬ⡣
ɱвҪǿ
ãҴӦ
ܷܷһҧͬй顣
ϱʲôģѵȻ£ڹ˲ôࡣ
ھŻŲеֻ뽫ǸǧԼİְ
ܷܷ˵ʲôأӦʲô
ĸܷܷǶ̫˵ʲô
ܷܷĻ̽ͷ¶Цûʲô裬ˡ
𣿡
ĸЩɣһܷܷԼȣ˵ۣת˰ĸע
۵ؿ°ɴæۣۣ迴
һߣȥҩİ͢һһ߸Ǹ˼Ҳû뵽ܷܷᷢôƢǻ˵ôܹǵ͸Ӽһ£
ϰй¶һǳĲ
ƣϰ壬Ĳй¶ȥġǰСԼڲһֱйһǶͺڸԻһһ˵һ߷衣֮󣬺ȻңǲȥӼһûע⣬ͳˣǻع֮ͷϣɰСͺȷʵһֱ˵ǵŮ
ϰ壬ģԼıҿûвзڵģҪǲˣϰǿ϶Ҳ֪ô֪ݣ
ǰСԼͻȻңһ䶼û˵ġ
ҲԼ˹ˣⶼʲô°
͢üͷϸشһ£òƭҰɣ
ˣôѽϰ壬ƭʲôҸղǳʱСǶ裬ִʵܲסˣŻȥֹסΪ
ϴίˡ
ϰ㲻ŵĻȥʸղŸС˿ڵĻʿСͻȻ֮䷢裬֪Ƕǻʿ𣬻Ǹǿֵֹ֮ģë˻ʿ
˵ţ˸ղǸʿæ֣֤ղŵ顣
ʿδֱӾͰѸղŷʲô˰͢úýһ¡
͢ˣȻԼŮƽʱȷʵݣôûò£ԼŮ
ϰ壬ҪǾðСһֱںййòʲôණɣ
˵ʱ̲סëȻԼĸ첲
ҪǲмصĻһѼϰ忴ԼŮղŵжħ
͢򴽣Ź֮˵˸²⣬ǲԼŮҩʵˣģģ֮Уĸǰ˵Ļ
˵֮Щܲʵڲִˤթû¡
˼ȥҲֻԳ
̾˿˿ڣְοһ·һ𣬲еίҩͿĵػؼȥˡ


119 
͢صʱ, ͼĸŮһ𣬰ܷܷͬ¿С̣Ͱ͵ĸ׵Ļ֮, ⡣
͢΢̾, Ůνϲ, νۡ
뵽Ϊ˳, Ļ̿, Ѫò˳, ȴԼڲǰǵŮ, ͢;ŮͻȻķ裬ȫġ
˹ȥſԼ˫ۣĸŮرס, ĳΣԲܷܷ, ְֲնʱ򣬾ڲЩ, ֮飬Ѿ˵ˣ֪һʱ֮޷㲻ŮʵŻʧ, Ҳܹ, ˵˵ȥǰְֵĴ
, һǵŮ, ְҲӰϻԼĸߵġ
ֻҪԸ⣬㻹ǿԽǰġ
ܷܷŰֿ͢Ļֻһɹůлְ˵Ļһģһ֤ǶԼŮĻиģ˵ûѪԵϵˣǾͲˡ
ϧ
뵽й֮ǰ˵ģܷܷۿֳ֮飬ϧô۰ҲȲʧʮǧ
ܷܷҧҧ˿֮ǰĻˣûˡ
Ҫǰ͢ԼԲҵһɣҲԽһܷܷͲҪٽΪʲôڲſ󳳴֣Ъ˹
͢ɿڴ£º۵ؿɫҰ׵İܷܷһǿȻίҲϣܷܷܹ½ΪĸʮûмԼŮĽ飬ѰŮĹУܻ᲻ƽʱע
͢˵Щʱʵܷܷܹ⣬Խ⣬Խǲʡ
ΪʲôүҪôһЦΪʲôͲİ׼ǧ
ΪʲôΪʲôΪʲô
вϵϵźǱϣȴҲңѹֱ˵ؿŰ͢µ֪ģְ㻹ԸңŮѾܸмˣҲ
ܷܷôһ˵Ϸжɬɬġ
ܷܷǸǰʮ꣬ʲôƢĸ֪
ǰˣȴίȫ¹ɣΪ֪Լǰ׼ǧСˡ
ǰĸǰ͢˵㻹ǰ׼ҵĻΪǶʧôõŮƽ
ŮûôˣһԣҸļͥӹҼ尾һ֮ԼߵǸŮôȡλãڰ׼һֱ÷ˮŮѵѹ
ǰ͢ǰĸñŮĵ飬
Ǻ޲ýԼͷеĶַϣֻΪԼŮġ
ǰְ裬ǲ鵽𣿵˭ô˵Ů˭ǲǰְҲǰ˵ǸǼ𣿡
ܷܷкööɻй˵ĹǧϢǳ֮٣ҪӰ͢еõݣܽйɵ
йܹյĳ֣֤ı·ͬһ㡣
ȻﻹԼһйϱֻҪܹǧʲô
ȵʱǰ׼ǧɿԼļһɫĴʦйɵ
ʱͲ֪й֮ĽףҲõԺ֪ɱǧĻס
͢ҡҡͷĿǰȷ굽˭飬ϾȥôˣǼҽԺĹ㶼˼ˣҲ࣬˲ȥ飬ƻҪһʱ䡣
ҵŮֹ͢ؿ˰ܷܷһۣʵҲرȷ賤úһۿȥĸŮʱϼŵһӦ֪һЩϢҴܴһȷȥŵ
ܷܷȻһЦ۵׵Ĳͨͨڸǡ
װӣʶѵļҲڵ۶ܸʶһ㶼ȦӵģɰǺûȦˡ
ӻֹܷܷˣϾߵİ׼ǧȦ˵Ļôݸأ
ְֲܰͣټȦ￴ĶˣܷܷԾرһȥ
ȻҲô룬ϾЩǮˣոմѧҵŮŵѪζһΧҪ˵ЩΧŮĹͶǲܹİְүүǮС
ֻܷܷû˵ôԣ˰ĸ͢ûǷ룬ֻǵܽӴһСʱ䣬֪ΪѧĴʦ
ʲô
ܷܷ㵵̧ͷ۵׵Ķ⻹δ˰͢˵ĺϵþ㵶ְ֣ȷû˵ѧĴʦŶͰͲѧôܻЩϹϵ
ܷܷľȣҲ֪ǲΪйԭǧְҵҲǳĺ档
йһֱŰ׼˵͢˵֮󣬲мЦһ
ʲôʦ
ûë²ΣǸëСѾͷڼʦЦˡ
ĴʦӦҵ
ĿǰʲôҲ̫Իȥܣʸһжˮʯˣȥ
ܷܷ򴽣õİְ֣ǵʱҲһȥϾҸݻô꣬Ҳ֪׹Ǻǻ뵱Ǹ
ܷܷ̹ϵĻ͢ĸǳοǰĸ뻹Ǿܾ顣
ϾǸʱŮʲô֪óóȻôһը϶ըȦըȦĵһʱ䣬ռʮλõİܷܷʱҪʧأǶһ̫á
˰ĸܾǰܷܷȴǿűʾھκܲȥҲҪʾԼ⡣
ǧ֪Ҫռλõģ֪֮һŹˣ׼ǧùϵģð׸ĸΪѡ
ܷܷ󣬰ĸһ˼һ֮ʾһȥǵʱҪڳϣȵǰŮ˵һ飬Ůͬ
ܷܷصʵǼǸǧ෴ģֻҪйְˡ
ԶڰĸҪ󣬰ܷܷȻǶ˵͵ͷһм֡
׾ƾƿɲ̶֪һʱ䣬׼Ҿͷ˺ӱ࣬Ʒŵ۶ɫʳĥŵʱҪİһ۶һ棬ĶóԾɫֺá
ԹұɢĲûã˼档
׾ƾƿЯŵĵƮƮèëüʱèˣ
˼һ±ƣûаҽ쵹ǰҸھҹèһèëûƼƾƣΪʲôô˵
˼üͷ˶Īӿһֲ֮Уèʲô˼˰ɣ


120 
ƾ, ƾƣΪʲôô˵ǲϿʲôè𣿡
˼æ׷ʣּֽ尾
׾ƾƴ, Ӻڰ׷, ϿèëȻûпè, ǻȷӦýӴè, ԲŻմȾϵèë
˼Ŵ, ˫֮ɫ, һ춼ûκһֻè
˼Щ벻ͨ
èѾˣȻ֪Լû
׾ƾƵһ仰˲˼ͷһ, ݵŤͷȵƾƣûһֿܾè˻ص˵ߣ
׾ƾƵͷС
һ˵֣˼Լץһͷ, ٷɿľƾƣһСʱ, ҸھӣҹĻֵͲ¥ĴҲСĴӶʮ¥ܳȥèΪֹ, ûܷèӰ°󻹰æһ𷢹һҹǻûκεϢ
˵᲻ǸʱҸҵھӴһ, è͸ھ, մȾأ
׾ƾһɢŲ, һߵͷ, ĿҲУèӦøʱͦ˰ɣè󣬲Żص˵ߡһ˵ִֻŻˣһ󶼻ֱӱߣ˼Ļᡣ
˼˴룬ЩѹǵûèھѾˡˣǳ񡣾ΪСǹ˴èܳȥı緢
Ҹ绰˵һ°ɡ
˼ҲܲܣֻһһҹĹͳˣҲ֪ʱǷʲô
˼ԥһ£죬ֻͷٻٻɳƶָɬűȻܸղֿ޹һ
˼Ҳܼ尾Ŭ֯һԣԼ֪ĸ
ٻٻ˼˵֮󣬵һʱҡͷؾܾʵ
˼ҲϹѧˣܹߵȽôķ⽨ţ˵ˣĳˣҲ϶ֻڸôöûڸҵ˵ֻԶ˶ѣҲˡ
˼Ҳѹ֪Լ˵ٻٻţֻǲٻٻûֹѰȥԹ߼˶Щѹ
ûٶ˵ʲôְֻοٻٻ䣬ʾҪʦæĻϵ
ֻʦҪ뿪۶ˣϣٻٻܹסᡣ
ٻٻ޵ĺ׵۾һ˿ãл˼˵˼ղ˵ֲֹ̫ף֪˼ҲΪá
¸ۻһŴٻٻ˵绰ʲô˼ոڵ绰˵ʲôôʲô⽨ţ
ܷܷͷ꣬ȫԼͷϵĴֿﲻȺаȫ̲סᡣ
¸ۼˣæסǺǰοҪ£һģôǲСܳȥˣҲ֪һؼҵ·㲻Ҫģһҵġ
¸۵Ĺ밲οǴʱ˿ٻٻҪ۵һ¿޳˫ֽס¸۵ļɬҲô죿أղ˼绰ң˵иʦմȾèëʦѾˡ
˵ֵʱٻٻɤѾʵ˵һ仰ˡ
˶Ҫιȥһ㡣
¸۴֣˼˵ʲôʲôʦʲô
ֱ֡
ٻٻӣɿ¸ֽۣߩ±飬ȻŵҲ֪˵ʦ֮ǰʱΪʦĻסûˡ
˼Ǵγ˳֮˳ٻٻģٻٻʱ˾;úЦֻǸżȻѡ
Щãش󳵻Ҳ£Щд˥ǵù㲻ʲô󳵻ֻرβһ£ͶС鱾ͺ˵
¸Цҿģôôţ˹ˡ
Ϲ˵ĹͲڵġ
¸ȴǲ֪˵⻰ʱٻٻűһֻɫè䣬ΧĽűС
è䲻Ϊʲô˿ԼԼ
׾ƾǱȻ֪ٻٻֻͷ˼˵Щʲôǿ˼ͷɥֻӣ֪ԷȻûš
׾ƾƶԴ˲⣬˼պֻ˼ظѸ֮ǰһЩҲΪûмʶԲŻɡ
׾ƾ΢΢һЦûϵҲ⡣
ˣҪȥˣʲôҪҰæ̵𣿡
˼ֵãûʲôҪģǰʱҸһЩݸˣ㣬ǰ
׾ƾһɢûþ֣˳Ҳе
˼Ҳ˳˵˸ղھè飬Ҳϧôĸ飬ھҪ֪èûˣ϶ĵҪ
ɲ𣿶ҿĿĵȥ˾ۡˣƾè𣿡
׾ƾҡҡͷƾȻ㲻ǵǵطҲп֪
˳ڵû£ǾȥҲһô
Ե𣿡
˼ͬҲڴؿ׾ƾƣ׾ƾˬشӦа£æҲûйϵ
̫ллˣƾơ
ƾƣģҴǹȥ˵ҵһæèģ㷢è˵ʱ˵ҵġ鷳
׾ƾƱ˸OKƣԸµس䵱˾ͳˡ
ԼСʱ֮˼סС˼ղʹھˣһ㳡ˡ֪æǳĸл
ƾȿ
׾ƾվСſڿһֱۣӵС
õĺõġ
С֮󣬰׾ƾ˳ǳĴ鿴һ򴽵ֻèȷʵѾˣС档
ӦþǸߣֻܹèҾҵʬס
ãϵ
£˼Ƽٻٻ¸ɫƣشСŽ
˼Ҫ죬ȴ׾ƾüͷ΢ؿٻٻĽűߡ
һֻɫèϵز˵ĽţȴһֱûκεķӦ
ߵ˿˵ʱֻɫè⼤ԼצӷĹˡ
Ȼצ˲èǳҲ⡣
è֮仹ǣһߡ
ҿֻèˣȫѩףüһСëԲԣ
˼͵ĵͷԶԶԣ
ƾ˵ûдˣĳˡ


121 
ƾ, ǿǸٻٻ߶Բԣ
׾ƾƵͷĿǸϵذοٻٻϣ˴ζ, ߵǸѣ
Ե, һͦˣҪ̸ۼ, ǰʱ˵ظ˵, ҲϯĻֳ, û뵽תۼûˡ
˵˼ҲǸп֣޳, ˭Ҳ֪쵽һ
ӦҲ֪Ѷֻèĸйඣ
˼˰׾ƾһۣܾ⻰, еʲôһʵʵػشţ֪һЩ, ҲǺȷֻ֪ѸèദҲкüˡƽȻûô޹èҲûжֻè
, Щ̫ȷԼĲ²⣬Ծƾ˼йϵ𣿿˻, ƽʱҲмȥҽԺϴ֮ģ˵ɡ
ԭ浥Ƕ˼˵֮, ǺһĨмĮЦ, ǿ˵׼, ûһ仰𣿲Ҫ, òңҲһ𣿡
ƽһ˶ٺã˭֪ﵽײʲôĿ˼
ֻھӣһ˽ȫòԱеƽʱдè飬˭֪ǲǷŮѿġ
ƾƣ˵˵ĶԲԣ
֣֪Ϊ飬ȫµ˳ֶ̫ΣҲȫµˣѽ
˼ȻҲΪŵƽʱҲVϿ˲ٸŮţ˵ǻͦԸϻк˵ġ
Ű
˼ôһҪ氡һ仰 it\'s always the husbandҲҸҴģҲֻèھӵѺġ
˼һ嶯ŵͷľʹģҶĸûйϵĵġ
аǾ˵ˡ
깳֮ͬʱŤͷһԹ۵İ׾ƾƣƾƣд𣿵ҶԻԣ
׾ƾЦЦֻè
ֺ˼
һ룬Ǿͼ׾ƾǳſ֣Ȼҿûܿ׾ƾٻʲô
˶棬Լ㿴Ҳ˲²⣬Ǿǰ׾ƾƿٻֻèꡣ
뵽˲Ҳ˷èе档
֮ǰ˵Ǽ꣬ǿ̥˵ĺܣèͲһСǽ˻ûô¡
ɫèڰ׾ƾƵĽűߣһ˫ԲƯĴ۾ؿϡ
ɢһ÷ǳĸоҪȻüԼ
ʱٻٻ¸ҲƼ˼а׾ƾǡ
ٻٻƣ¶˸лֿɬЦ˼лл㣬Ҳллǣллǰҡ
˼æòãҲϲè䣬˵֮ҲǳΪеǣԲŻһæġ
ʱ򣬰׾ƾƳУ˵䣬СԴȥļ𣿡
ʲô
ٻٻֵؿǰʮ곤ྫµСˣĶôãôһֱûҵҵģ
ٻٻѯʵʱ򣬸ûƼԵɫһ롣
׾ƾƿУ΢Цȥܸ֪ġ
úãߡ
ٻٻҲ˲Сǲ֪ҪҪԴǮٻٻʱѾˣǮҲãʲôУֻҪһ䣬ʲôܴӦ
¸üͷ˼ʲôȻ֪䣬Ϊʲôֱ˵Ҫٻٻȥⲻ
Ȼһģ϶Ҳ֪䣬Բԣ㿴ٻٻô⣬Ϊ˵ᣬҪ֪Ļ͸Ͻ˵
ҪǮ𣿻ʲôֻҪᣬǿ϶õó
˼ɰ׾ƾҪٻٻԼĹ꣬ٻٻ׷ʲôԲŻٻٻȥ䡣
Ͼڴ֮ͥ£ҪһֻèĻǳ֣Ҫͷ
ϽҸٻٻôھӣôܻҪǮˣа취ҵ䣬ԲŻȥ䡣
˷ʱˣϽȥ
˵꣬˼ԶԷקٻٻֱȥ
¸ֻܾؿʧԼǰ
šüͷ΢Щǲ֪뵽ʲôüͷֽɿÿԼˣôġ
˵ڼ䣬ٻٻһֱץŰ׾ƾ䵽Ķ
׾ƾƺƢذ˷͸˵
¸Ϊ˵ݣȵֻĸŮ
źٻٻȵؿ׾ƾƣ׷ʣȴԷȻ۾֣ٻٻʶر۾һֻоԼƤʲôһ£ģͷˮ۾ʱ򣬱㷢ְ׾ƾ«ض˼ֵ۾Ҳһ£ȫֲ׷ʲô
ֱ˼۾֮Ŀ⾪䵽ĽűߣȻ󲻸ŵش˳ٻٻ쿴䣬䰡
ʲô
ٻٻԵصͷƼԼСһΧԼĽŴת
ϲŵؿϤӰ뱧ú׽
Ȼ𾪵ǣִ壬һƬޡ
ͣУȽѹ
ٻٻа˺üΣɾǽӴ䡣
⵽ô£
ȰؽĿͶ˰׾ƾƣҵ𣿻˵ֻ3DͶӰ
׾ƾƽ͵èֻһ꣬Ȼûа취Ӵ
˵ʲô
׾ƾƵһͬһֱֱٻٻ˵
ƭˣôܻĹ꣬ôܻ
ղ۾ͿʲôǲΪǸҲܼ䣿ǲʲôȽ3DͶӰ
ٻٻ˵֮ͻȻ뵽ʲô͵Ŀ˼ղŴ绰˵ߵĴʦϷèëò˵λСðɣ
˼ԥصͷԵû𿴾ƾСȷʵǴʦܹ䣬ȫΪƾʩչͨĻΪǿĶġ
ٻٻ˶ҪЦˣ˼ҵѣҲܸл⼸ҵİ㲻̫֪ڵҪŪң㵱ɵ𣿡
̲סǰ㵱ɵӣҪŻоƾƹġ
˵˵ʲôȽ3D۾Ĩ㶫ܿڵĶǰҲǲЩԴҶﻳ̥֮벻ŶС
ô˵ٻٻĲΡ
èƺҲ˵ĿܣѹΧֲ䡣
ʱ򣬷űƿ¸˽ͷԭ˳èݵһ¹ӣԼǿ


122 
ע⵽è¸ʱٶ, ˲ԾؽĿⶼͶ
¸۶ЩĪ̲סͷ, ôˣôһңٻٻ, ˼Ѹ˵𣿡
ٻٻãҡҡͷĿ⻹è, Էڼ¸ۿʱ, ҧ˴ľٶ, ΪǸ״̬ù, 
èܴܣתͷίͰ͵سٻٻ˼, ȻܵĽű߲˲䣬βͼȦסȣҪ˰ο
ٻٻôĸ飬Ȼ֪ίʱϰ, Ϊ֪𾪡
Ͼô3DͶӰ˻ֵίʱԼģ
ȻҲûԴΪ˼ΪƭһǮѸôһ֡
ʱƭ٣
˼Ǵ֪нʳ͵ģûԼߡ
Ըûʲôɽƭġ
ʲôˣ
ٻٻһʱЩͷĿѣ, ʵ
ĴҪ, ôܻܳӣȻˣ
Ĵ
ٻٻʹ޳Լĺܡ
¸ۼ, æǰο, űߵèԽ, צӲϵץ, ֪Լˣ¸۵ʱ̲ס
ּһƾƣֻèΪʲôô˼Ѱ
˼򴽣¸۰οٻٻӣʵǲţ֪֪治֪ġ
׾ƾƿһ¸ۣɫ΢䣬֪ˣȴǻ̲סʱԷйԼеĺһֻèӴǺ޻ľٶ
ֶˣ漴ɴ۾˵Ҳµûһɵġ
˼ûУƾͬҵĲ²⣬ĵҪȫˡ
˼鲻ѵص˵ͷ֪֪ˣٲġ
¸۰οٻٻ˵ĶԻʵЩܲˡ
˵ʲôأôԽҾԽԺ
ʱٻٻŴĻг۾׾ƾƣλʦ˼ղ˵ЩǧҪϣʲôŻð㡣
鷳һ£Ҳܿ䡣ղһֱޣҲûôע׾ƾǵ̸¸ôһ˵ֻΪȦ
¸ʶض˶ٻٻ˵ʲôأʲô䣿
ٻٻʵؿ˼֮ǰ˵ģλʦܹǿꡣھǵߣղŴʦĨ˶ܿûĨԲŻῴ
˵ţͷ仹ŬԼצƴץȥʧأһ㣬ٻٻЩֲס
䣬ʲôأΪʲôҪӰְ֣
ٻٻȥſһĵ׷ʣ¸ֻû¼Ƥˡ
㵲ؿ˿ٻٻ̧ۿ˿׾ƾǼˣŭֵǶٻٻʲô˼ٻٻĺѣôܴƭٻٻأ֪ٻٻھ״̬ȶȻôѵġ
˼ΪԼ˶ģ¸ۻֱ׳س̲סǴٻٻࡣٻٻĺѣҰأٻٻѣ㻹۸ٻٻĳӦûŶԡ
¸ɫһ룬Ǻܿüͷ壬һܲ˵ӣ˼û뵽ˣҴı֮󣬻תͷңôˡҸٻٻǿˡ
ҿҺٻٻ㡣
˼ǸĻˣæ׾ƾƣаæƾơ
׾ƾƳ˵ͷʾģ¸ֻԼǰһʶر۾ʲôƤһûñɢˡ
ڸʲô
¸۷۾Ҫŭ⣬ȴԼŮǰֻϤèһӾͽסˣɫҲѿ
ôİ
¸֣ѿڶһԭҲܹٻٻһʱ֮סˣ͵վŵؿ¸ۣղ˵ʲôʲô㿴ģ
¸ʶס֪ͣԼ˵ˣæҡͷûУˡ
˼ʱЦŲܰɣĸôˡ
㺦ģǸ֡
ǣ㲻ҪϹ˵ҸͲ֪ܳȥˡٻٻĳٻٻôܻẦ
˭֪أ˭֪ǲǸɣǵһףһס
˼ȷʵǲ֪ԭ򣬵ǲ²⡣
ٻٻڵҲֻܱԼԨһ㣬ôҲû뵽һֱοԼҪѹѣȻǸİס
һ뵽¸꺮ůϵظʵϣǲ͵ЦЦǸɵӣЦʲô֪ǶѰҡ
ֻҪһ뵽ٻٻԼĶʹˡ
ˢˢֱȫ޷ʵ
Ϊ㲻ܽһ䣬Ͱôộ
ٻٻ˼ȥҲֻ뵽𰸡
̫ˣ㿴ʹѰУǲĺܵ⣿ܸˣǸɵǲǣ
¸ﳹ׻ˣǡסˣʲô꣬һõʲôֶβŻֻè³ǵǰ
ǿѹסĵĲٻٻͣٻٻͲţʵǰôš
׾ƾƴ˸ָ˵ע˹µü¶ǳЦ⣬ָָֻΪ¸ǿˣԸӷŭץȵè䣬磬һǼҵèһеô£
£ٻٻ¸۵ɫͬʱ䡣
ٻٻϲ񣬶¸ɫףǺܿͻعסԼпȥè˵顣
ĪһͻΪҪèĻǶֵܳĻè˵ǲҲʲôⰡ
ȵȣʲôأûй챻ĵӸȳˣ
׾ƾٻЩè֮Уٻٻһ͵żżҲʹ
żһ֮ڳ˶Ȳѡ
ָ˼ãΪ֪׾ƾǸУԺʲôȻ
ٻٻ¸۾Ͳһͷһμ׾ƾƣ¶һ֣Щ
ٻٻǸˣΪԽԽ׾ƾƵԽ֤һжġ
¸ɫ˵ĴڣοԼʲô߿ƼͶӰĻôż֮òŰ׾ƾƵء
Ͼż͸ٻٻģȻ֪ȫͲһ
¸Ƥֱһִͷ֮С


123 
ֻȫ޷¸۴ʱ˿̵, ȭͷĿѣѪ˿, ȥֲֿ
ٻٻͷһƳ, Ƽ¸۵֮и͸
Ȼ, ¸ۺ, ȻĻ, ôı飿
ôææ, ϵذοѾȻɱס
֪нģ¸۸Ҫʱ, Ӧø֣ǾԼܹ˵
ٺҲûãֻ֪䵽ôµģ¸۱ʲô
׾ƾƶڰɫèǰ, ԴȻָָżżϲ֪ʱñд¸۶, ָ¸ۡ
ɫèɵ˼Ȼ˳ӵè, ſǶͬȴٻٻؼǰ㡣
ͬʱżһһȥ, , ߳ź, û˻, Ȼš
ȥ׾ƾ֮⣬ڳ˶һͷˮ֪ʲô
ǸӣҪʰ׾ƾǸʲôȴ׾ƾƿڴָ
޷ֻѹеļȣؿ
ֻ¸۶ֵżͬһ㣬̽ͷ̽һȻڶͣٻٻװļǰһ֮ƺǾûˣתè䡣
ʱèеſè֮УβһһΣԿɼʱе顣
żʱèֻؿһۣǶ˦βͷһ룬˿׵ʱżͻȻóһԵèʾè߽ȥ
èƽʱٻٻȥǳҽԺʱõġ
è򿪵èһ˱żһһϣȻƾıݣܹ³ڸè˵ƭè
ȻڶԷ˵ûãè̵è
Ϊ¸۵ΣԴӲ
ʱٻٻæʱ򣬾¸۴ȥԺġ
èè֮кż¶˹ЦܽɳΪɵֵЦ
ʱٻٻʹѾʧٵʱ򵽵׷ʲô
¸ƭϰȥ֮ȥַŪ˼أȻè䣬ֽ֮èش򿪴װһСĿ˴ģ
ٻٻ˻Ǻ濴¸ô̵ؽèȻʬӵһ˲ֻеĺŭֱԿǣƲסһ˹ȥһƺݺݵ˦˹ȥ
ôộ䲻ֻèôµȥ֣㲻ϲһҲкüˣôĸ飬һ㶼û㻹𣿡
ٻٻ棬ʹ֣һƣ¸ŵؿԼӣֻû̧һơ
ֻϧ;¸סˡ
¸־ŭ£û뵽żȻԭֻèһС
ôܣ
ʱֻֻèôܶԷһżԭʱΪ
̫ˣ
ȥŮ˭
ѲνĴʦ
ٻٻۣһҲһһ߾һֻ֣⧲Ļᣬ͵˦һơ
۵¸ۿ˵졣
ʶ֣ٻٻĸ첲ɣֿʼ֡
κŮ˸ܲ죬ٻٻȻֲ˺á
ƫƫ˭а׾ƾڡ
ٻٻٴα¸ס֣ȴͻȻֶԷֺһһֲʱٻٻ֪Щʲôץסᣬ˫ҿֻ¸۵ĺײѪ
ԶԶ
Ҫ¸ۺڣҪ¸ʹҪ¸ܱߵݺȫ֪ΪԶࡣ
ʹ¸һֽĶҳ˴һͨͨӳ⡣
¸۱߳ȥʱ˻һģֱӾ͸ײı۵ĲС
ŤˣСӣŷֶѪˡ
ٻٻˣ
¸÷裬а׾ƾƳֻȴҹ
һֻèѣ
Ƕ̸ۼˣѵѻȲһֻ˵è
˵ˣֻèʹҲ˶ˣǰˣֻèǰʹ࣬ѵ
¸ܻȴҸٻٻֻۣǻشԼĶ׼Ҹס¡
ȹȥٻٻ͡
ǵû㵽ʱ¸ȻŵΪٻٻԭģֻʱɢһ֮³֣ٻٻ˵˵ٻٻһͺõġ
ϾҪѶ֪ˣٻٻˡ
˵ˣٻٻͬסһˣٻٻ飬ܸ˭᣿
ͬ˾ӵŮǾǸֻ
ٻٻɲ֪¸۵Ķ뷨ʱ˿̶Ű׾ƾƿ޵£Ҫ䣬ȴ޷Ӵֻǹڵϣϵض˵Բ
ɫèº͵ؿͷҲԼôˣȻҲֻ
ͷ˿׾ƾƣֿ˿ٻٻڿ¸۱ϳȥ֮󣬰ɫèִҲˡ
׾ƾ΢̾ٻٻĿ֮Уֻèȥֻء
лл㣬̫ллˡĻҿܶᱻ¸Ǹˣת
ٻٻм֣ǧ˼ǸҪ֮ǰ
˼۵ؿҡҡͷô᣿ǺѣЩҵȻ⡣
¸ۣô죿
ٻٻǺ⣬һ֮ĺ£ˣҲġ
ⱲҶҪӰ¡
˼ļ򣬰οʱʲôҪĻңܰæһ㡣
ٻٻмصͷĿ뿪˫ĿѪؿʼȦ༭֣¸۵Ϊȫ˳ȥ
һ鷢ǵĹͬѡ
֮⣬Լ罻ϣԴҸЩ˳ĽһҪԼ۾
һʱ֮䣬ѯ⵽ô£ٻٻһһε˵һһεڿԼ˿ڣ֪ȫΪá
ٻٻûϵԼӻ޴ȶȣѣúõ¸һһѡ
¸Ҳû뵽Լò״һѵס˱֮ӭȴѶı
һϢ֪ԭٻٻҵȦԼ˶ѡ
˶á˵Ʒ⣬̫ˡ
ҹʱ˾Ϣ첻ϰˣǹ˾Ҫ˼񶾣ֶκѪԱ
˫ͨذһͨڶһİ趼Ϣû飬ʹǰ档
һʱ֮䣬¸۾úȫ˶ڶͷŶ⣬ѡ
ףֻѣ


124 
¸ʱ, ׾ƾһҹ˯ʰ븸Կȥ
ȥ;, 븸Ƕϵؿް׾ƾ, лҵİʾպ׾ƾκҪæ, һ岻ݴǡ
׾ƾ΢΢һЦ, ĺ, ұʾպʲôĻæ
븸ȵľǰ׾ƾƵ仰, ˰׾ƾƵ仰˲Ͱˡ
Դ֪ħ֮, 븸ҲëȻͨܶùЩҿãҵ˰״ʦ
ĿͰ׾ƾƽ˻֮, 븸Ϳϼҡ
һؼңĸԴʦˡ
븸ףԴʦ֪Ů, һõϢϽ͹ˡ
ҲǳмϾԴʦݵλ, Ŀǰֱ˹ţѾ൱ˡ
Ц˽ȥԴʦһ, ԴʦȴǱֱӿżɽ, ղķ˵, ŮѾˣ
ԴʦԼҲǺò׳ʱ븸ġ
Ͼֵæ, 븸˵ֶ̥ûгױǿͷȴ£ȻҪһ
ɹһֲûΣգɫȫû֮ǰȥ˰ģ
ԴʦȲѣΪҽԺ壬ҲָܻôѸٽȫϾ˵ѪһգһǸֲġ
ԴʦɻĸֵҲûʲôֱ׵ؾͽ׾ƾƵ
ֻ˸ͷ븸ͻˡ
Դʦɻȫӿ븸
븸ĸǶ֪Ѿ״ʦԴʦ븸ҲûвҴţԵûȷʵдʦǡ
Ǵʦа׾ƾƣǸʮŮŶ߶أŮͬ塣
Ůѳʱҿǰ״ʦĻԲѣȱ첲ûܰȻ
ΪŮŮµʱ˰״ʦ
˵ʱҲΪ״ʦ۶̫ԶټǸʱڿԣûܼʱϵǸʱԴʦѾ˵̥ҲŮ̥ŮѸ״ʦʱ򣬷ְ״ʦ˵һģһ
ʱҾ֪״ʦ϶ˢӣŮ̥ȥҴʦ㣬ɴʦͽ˵㻹æⲿŵ飬Ͷ·ֻϵϰ״ʦ
ҵǰ״ʦûΪ֮ǰȴûæӰ˶ǵĿ˵͸˵۶
븸˵⻰ʱҲǳмɣûȥԴʦʵϵϣ˰״ʦ
ŮһγµʱҲϵ״ʦģҲȻġ
ԴʦȻҲûʲôŭʦԼĿ˱˾ǶĲΣ෴ϵҴʦæǲǴ˵
Ҳҿ븸ʶôһʵѧĴʦĻæⲿŵ飬ӵͽ֪ܵͨ»ƻҲҪˡ
״ͺ⣬ڶΣԴʦȷԼܷȻػ
ţˮû˵Ϻȡ
ȵ׾ƾôɣ򵥵ؾͽ̥Ʒ׾ٵؽֵڳȡƾճֵһԴʦסˡ
ʧôܣȷʮֶΣţδ
ûһ֧ţôܹɾͽ̥
̫˼ˡ
Դʦôãû뵽˵Ŵڡ
ɲʱ򿴵״ʦƸӣǷҲˣû뵽״ʦȻ㡣
˳Ż֮ǰ׾ƾȥԷ˳ֳһСԴʦ˶Էһ±Ƶı顣
븸ˣЩȻô״ʦСͶ̥飬Դʦ˵Ҳһ򵥵ඣ
Դʦ̾ҡͷȻ򵥣˵ԷֻǼ򵥵ʩ˸СֻͶ̥ɶ˵ûѴ뾫Ѫܴͨ·
ͨ˵ǻ취ѰæԼֶ֡
Щִ򽻵˵飬ֻҪϼ㣬һô˼乤
Լ򿪻Ȫ·ĻĴ۾Щòʧ
ɶԷȴɣԴʦʼˡ
Դʦ˵븸ĸʱ븸ʱζĸ˵֮ĸҲ棬ǿ׾ƾɣ˻ΪͲǸ¡
˭뵽ȻԴʦ𾪡
ˡ
븸֪뵽ʲôȻ͵һԼĴȣԴʦ㻹ǲǵǸŮ춼µʱҵǵ鱨ֵ㻹ӡ𣿡
Դʦһ㶣ͷȻǵãϾһиĻΪ֣Դʦ֮󣬾ȥһ˵ģκⲿŸճر࣬
븸Ŵĸȥϣĸԣæȥã븸õָֺ׾ƾ֣֡
֮ǰû뵽Ůһֱа״ʦƾƣƾƿɲ˵İ׾ƾ𣿡
Դʦ͵Ĵ븸ǵϣֵֽİ׾ƾַǳ
Ȼѹ֣ѹʾ춼֮ͷ˸ָù顣֮⣬ǽ춼˵ȴûκεϢȴԭ˾Ȼǰ׾ƾơ
Ҫ븸׿ڸ˵ǽ֤ĻԴʦôʮŮȻҪҵĴʦ
һҲ̫˰ɡ
Դʦ𵴣ĿһƳĵϣûмǴĻʱһЩѧйصİУַƵسֹ
Ѳɰ׾ƾЩҲˣ
ԴʦüͷţԼʱӦȥǶһˣҰ׾ƾƺúġ
ôһѧ֮㣬ȻҪúýʶһ
Ҳ֪ʦӺδλǰ㣬̳ôһϻ۹˵ͽܡ
ʱӶ˽˵ǰϷǰݷá
븸ˣҸ׼ûʲô飬ƽʱҲֻϼ棬ͷ֮ѡ
͢ôŰݷأ
븸˼ȥҲûԭϾǼûк˽Ҳûʲô飬⧲ţǽͷԡ
Ψһ븸뵽ıǣǰ״ʦ̳ʱ򣬸͢һ״ʦⷽĻ
ѲɾΪ
͢Űĸ˿󣬲֪븸пڡ
븸Ű״ʦǰŸߣŰ͢еԴ͵ĸоǾŰѰܸ͢Դʦ
ԴʦҲǸҲû


125 
, ֪пڣˡ
͢Ҳ֪ԼĴæ֮ǰûк
븸ڰ, ûû, ܣҰ״ʦ𣿡
͢ǰһ, ͷ, ˵û, ҾҰ״ʦģǼ״ʦ֮ǰ, ܷܸ˵°״ʦ
븸Ϊ͢ǲΰ׾ƾƣûë, ²ΣǴؿ˰׾ƾһ˵ĶĶǰ׾ƾƵĺãȴֲֻ׾ƾƵһЩϢ, ð͢ǿա
ܣģ, Ҫ˽һ°״ʦһЩ˵, ʦӺδסĶʲô˵ȵȡ
븸, ɵش˰͢һ, ûͦƵġ
Ҵʦ»Ҫĳ£㵣İ״ʦĻ, ߵλԴʦ
ԴʦǸŵ, ɽϵĴʦҽⲿŵҪԱ֮һʲôѧϵⶼԴʦ
븸ԾԼѾ൱λܲˣҲǸһӰɡ
ԴʦҲһԵͷûΪ͢ͻȻ֣Ӷ
˭֪͢Դʦһ֮󣬱ǸһЦֽ븸š
븸ˣҪڣȴ͢ȻŤͷȥ뵽ʲôֱֱؿԴʦԴʦ֪㣬֪׾ƾʦɽϵλǰʦ
ԴʦǿˣԷǰ׾ƾƣҪŵ顣
ҡҡͷҲҲΪ˰׾ƾư״ʦ
˵Ҳû뵽׾ƾᣬȻ˾޾ţе˲š
Ǵʦ˼ɽˣ
ԴʦͷǵģĿǰѾ֪Ϣ׾ƾһƫƧСɽ壬һλѧϰĸûرֵùעĵ㡣
ҲΪҶƭԲĸ棬ĳ֣Ҳ˸ˡ
͢һͷˮʲôӣ
ԴʦźЦЦȴǲٿڡ
븸ˣŰ͢ʹ˸񣬡ⲿŵİӣǲܸЩˡ
һԼŮпܻǣӣ͢ĸסˡ
ֱ͢˵ؿڵʵǻɰ׾ƾǵŮԲŻ˽һһЩ
ʲô
븸ĸͬʱȳ±Ƶı鶼ǳͬ
ղ˵ʲô״ʦŮǰܷܷأ˭
˵ĸ̲ס췢˵˳
Ҫ̳ܼ͢ŮҪܷܷҵȰȥ˳ȻĻҲû뵽ԼʮŮȻġ
ֻҪһ뵽ҵľͺ񱻵һܡ
ԲŻἱææؾҪ˽һ¾ƾƵҲȥˣǻûκϢŻҪһ졣ҲʵסˣŻóȻǷʹķϣ鷳ܸ˵һ¾ƾƵ
븸һû뵽״ʦϾȻôһϣ
û뵽ʶԼŮԴôһѪżȻ¼
ĸҲһȻ̲סԼԴҾ˵һμʦʱô;ô죬ԭΪø׷񰡡ǸʱҵŮĲ飬ûȥҪһ뵽ð״ʦһҲڽˡ
˵ʲôƾѾˣ
ĸʧ룬¾ҲŮˡ
͢ҲϽ鷳ܸǾƾȥĶˣйһЩϢ鷳֪ģͨͨ˵
븸Ұһ죬ǳʱ˿̰͢飬Լ֪Ĺڰ׾ƾƵ鶼˵˳
ʵǸ״ʦӴҲ࣬ҪŮͬ壬֪ı£ԶԷ֪Ů󣬾
븸֮ǰԴʦ˵Щظָ͢˵һ飬ֻصֲһˡ
֮󣬰׸ĸ֪ԼŮǵʲôɽϵĴʦûʲôϵһСׯһƽķ޸ˣѧϰɼǳ죬μʡľ
ȫĴСڻﳤͻСȴҪı
΢˵㡣
ڰ׾ƾƵôѧѧܣ븸Ҳ
ûŮᵽǴڰ״ʦĸŮϢ
븸˵ּ֮һ䡣
ǰ״ʦǱ˻Ǳߵģһ˵ﶼзԷġ
Ǿ׾ƾڵĸ֪׾ƾƲǵŮ
ĻЩˡ
ʱԴʦͻȻһ䣬ʱ״ʦʱ򣬴ʦǷĿԹҲ˵ǲǼ
͢һãȻ̫Դʦʵ˼ǿ϶صͷ
ʱǻ˴ӹΪֱӹԵʱҲôȶԷȻӳô񡣡
Դʦ̲סɻԷĸĻӦò֪ѪԵϵ
Ҫ֪һе㱾µĴʦܴϿ֮ûѪԵϵ״ʦţǱҰ״ʦĸĸദôãӦҲ֪ĸĸĸĻ㣬ӦüӦþ𣿡
Դʦ˵ģͥ￩һ£֪Ϊӿһɲ
Դʦ˵ԼŮǾ֤
ôǾʹڼʱ֮ѪԵϵôԷΪʲôϣΪ
ĸҲģһӾͳˣǲǾƾƾǹҪԲŲǣϣ
ĸˣæοҲ״ʦԼҲ֪ôءϾҲֻһʮĸǸء
˵ˣ״ʦ֪ڵĸĸĸһֱ飬˵ĸΪԼء˵һʮĺθϣθԼʮĸĸ˵ҵĸ߶ý
ĸⷬȰ⣬ð͢ĸк˺ܶ࣬Ҳÿԭ
֪ܷܷͬԼŮʮĸ飬ôܻһ֮ͽܷܷ
ĶⳤģԼԶϼҵĸĸô죿
ĻϲϣŮŮȴԼҵĸϢԼŮԼģ˵Ҳһش
õİ취Լǰ˵
ңԷпܾܷܷĸ
ҲܷܷػԼĸߡ
պôͥôЭǿ顣
֮ȥҾƾơ
뵽͢վ븸м̫ллˣҰ飬ǳԷ
ܰڰֵϾ״ʦҲҺܴæҪˣҲˡ
ԴʦˣĬĬƳԼȥҰ׾ƾƵʱ䣬ȴΪá
߻Ҫ²鿴ڣЩ׾ƾйϵİȫϸϸ飬ܷŹκε˿


126 
׾ƾ߿ɲ֪Լ, صѧУ֮ͿѧģʽϾ˼ڿεġ
Ȼڵͷһ֧, Ͳ֪ѧΪĳ̶, Ϊ¶Ҫаգȷһ׼ȷİ׾ƾȻǲ⼸ڿԼĺȡ
ϾĻ׷ƨɺĵһء
԰׾ƾƵһһֱڲԾ, ҵ, вʼжȹ
Ļ֪׾ƾƻ, ϰ󣬾ͱżõıʼǱ˰׾ƾƵİ༶
Ļʱ, ֪֮ʰԼĶƨߵߵؾܵҶ¹ͬλ¡
Ļ΢΢, ʾл
۾˵УݲУݣù˲ɫͿ˵ʱ, ߵ
ֻϧĴ˧磬Լ޸ܵġ
Ҳֻа׾ƾĴвܸӴ
ĻλϺ󣬽Լõıʼǵݵ˰׾ƾƵֱ, ֪⼸ûڣҰѶ, ȥ
׾ƾƸмһЦлл
Ļ̯Ӣϵıʼ, һԲǰ׾ƾּıʼǱ, , ɫ
Һһˡ
׾ƾڷĻıʼǱ, ɷ裬ǳʷÿһֶܹƱֽ̽ȥһ㡣
ܰ׾ƾѾΣÿμ˶þޡ
ұʼǱմȾĻϵĺּ֮ϣ˼ֹİ֮С
Ļ˵ĺ̲סЩȵ̧ͷЩֵһ
ղŽʱĻϵĺȻҲУŨֻҪĻԼסҪ˵ĻͲʲôⷢ
Ǿ˵Ǽʱ䣬ϵĺƺŨ˼֣צ¶
Ѿչ¶绪еޱȣϰ׵ļ͸ͬһеԼǺıʱ򣬾ͺӰĴɣ˾þޱȡ
ӿ촽⣬Ű׾ƾƶ͸һʱ֮֮Уһ¡
ܿ˹ȻԷΪʲôô˵Ҳ˼
ǾͬѧѾǵıʼǽң͹Լһˣ
Ļ򴽣Ľë΢΢գգȻûеͷӦ£Щɬֲ˼ģϾĬˡ
׾ƾһʱ֮оԼбɰˡ
̲סЦü䣬滨˲֦ͷ仪
ôôأһܸء
˵ҷϣѰ
ҵĻ⼸첻ڣҲѱʼýġ
Ļ̧ۿŨܵĽë޳֮Уò˵ҡ
˫ƯΪ˰׾ƾƵĻųĹâʯҪϼ֣İ׾ƾƵҲĪضһ
ĻˣһЦ׵ļƣֵЦⷴԵö˼а֮С
׾ƾգգۣ̲סпҪܼĻʱ˿̵ʵģǾԻᾪ޵Ϣ
ȥݵӾħǼֱ׵衣
СӳÿǺÿ
ľǧİ׾ƾƶôãҪ˵ܱЩûĻЦͬѧˡ
ҵģĻЦҲ̫ÿ˰ɡ
ʵ˵һֱΪĻǲЦġ
֮ĺݿҶҲȥҸ̸ɡ
ʲôأ˼Ļܸѧ̸һ̸㲻û˲Ҫε𣿡
ӣͬˣΪʲô֮ĳ඼ô󣿡

оԼˣеĿ˫Ůľ覣˲ԣĿҪǻһ˵ͣǳֱˡ
˲ע⣬óԼֻɾģʽȻһ£һƬ
Ҷ¹Ķ̽ͷȥͱֻƬ޵
ƬĻüĿ͵ؿŰ׾ƾƣ֮еƺһ㡣
ҾΪƬǲָܷղûзֵġ
˵ĻͬһĶϷĵΡ
ֻڵֻ̫̫ţƣϸڶ㵽λ
ŮͷͷƬȥ˵С
û뵽ĻƽʱȥЦһˣԾƾƵʱȻô׺ߡ
ѽѽû뵽Ǿƾƺˡ
ɲ𣿿θƾƺǸˡ
ǱǾƾƣѧϰǴУͬҲǴУţƵ˾ǲʲô涼㡣
Ҷ¹ͬصͷҲҪƾƿ롣
ġ
ΪСȫ׾ƾ׾ƾƵһʱ俴ĻĶ䣬۷۵ģЩɰ
һ㶣Ļںߣ
ˣղҶ¹ʲô˼ʲôθУǸˣ˼ǣ飬Ȩģ
ôоֵֹģ
׾ƾһʱ֮ûףǱûϸ˼ĻıʼǱźãеĺššųһţŵԼıʺ֮УЩ֮󣬰׾ƾƲżЦŵıʼǱ©ȱٰ֮ǻ㣬ݶҺа
Ļ׾ƾĵضԴԼıʼǱͷҲӿϵϲ֮⡣
Ű׾ƾƺ⣬üͣãʲôʱúãʲôʱңҲġ
ҹصʱ仹аСʱͬѧ½½ضѾ뿪ˡ
ʣĻ׾ƾƶˡ
ĽֻѽѽоǾ׵ҹ֪˷ĪظһķΧ
Ļ޳ָ鱾ϴ˾Ŀ޵ڰ׾ƾժ¼ʼǵĲϣ׾ƾʱ͵ջأһͿͿƺղǸ𾢵˲һ
˷Σ׾ƾֻܲ޵ߣȴץǸߵˣĪЦԼĶ֪ΪʲôǾЦ
Ļˣʶ˱ʣٴιͨ
֪׾ƾΪʲôЦҲ֪ǲԼڿԲЦ֮ӿһԼŽĸоۣɬɬ
ˣʱˣǿˣٳٵ㣬ͽȥˡ
ŶŶõġ
ĻϽʰڰ׾ƾֻ˵ôһеȻʧ
Ů÷ǳĻĿͰ׾ƾƽҺ󣬲ŵͷ̵뿪
׾ƾżһͷɰͰ͵Ļ֪ôģ뵽ʲôùŹֶȻ˼ȥĥԼǲˡ
ᣬĤ󣬺ٺٺֱЦĤˣ˵˾䡰Сʤ»鰡
׾ƾƣ
죬ڰ˵ģٻĻı֣׾ƾˣ黹⣿̫ʰɣ


127 
ڰ׾ƾƿ, ĻС
ϾǰʱѾǸˣС̸, ٶǻһѹġ
, ׾ƾĿǰҲû̸
ֻ뿼ϴѧԭԸ
Ļûи˵, ׾ƾҲֱ׵ظԷ, ϲ, ϲû
ⲻж
°ͣſΪĻ˻, СùҲûܹӽ
ͻȻ, ܹ˵˵죬˳Żܰѹ£ɲóΪһ
һ룬׾ƾƷǷ
ΪպɹؽĻ֮, ܺ޸ؽӴˣҪٻΪΣԼȦһȦ, ˴ѧ֮󣬽ӴҲ, ʱȻȻνϲͻὥĻΪ顣
飬׾ƾƵľ黹ͦġ
˵ܾ˵ľ飬ǽӴƵ¼ܶࡣ
, ϲÿ, ȥҲ졣
ȻΪʲô˵߿ط, ѧҵأ
뵽, 㲻顣
ԼȤ׾ƾƣ׾ƾȴ治ɫһ㶼ûͨŮɬˣиͨ˾ǲһ
ת׾ƾ˵Ƚϻһԡ
ƾƣȥ۶Ǽ죬ѧУ̳һ
ɶӣ
׾ƾƺٹѧУ̳֪˵ʲô
ǰͻȻֵģС˵ŮǳమŮΪʹ˴ʦԼŮܹʬһػ䡣
ǼŮҲ̫ʱ䣬һ˶Ҫ
ŮԴһֱһֱ֪һη⣬ŮСɹ̫ǲȣȻȥҴʦæʦûа취
Ϊ֮ǰΪŮԼҲûɻŮ֪һУȸжԼˣ֪ƻָܲʦȻʾûõġ
ǿأʦʾԽŮɹ̣ɹ֮󣬲ϲ𣬿ԶȥΨһһǲڰ˼䡣ͬˣԸɹ̣Ůꡣ
ʱǶΪһͨѧС˵ֿ϶Ůͬɹ̣ȻԶһ𡣵˭뵽ǾȻ´ˣķչȻŮԸ⡣
˵ʱ򣬱ֱǴ¼ѽŮԸһΪ̣ԶһԴͽֹΪֹǸ߷ǵûд֣̳ǣŮǻô
Цˣһһûд٣Լп뵽дߡ
ȻĻֵĽβôõ̳д
׾ƾ̲סЦЦʵû뵽ԬɾȻŵ̳ϡ
ֻѧУ̳𣿡
ǣü̳϶ͬѧ̳Ͽתعġ
ͬѧ泳ٸԵŮ׷ױʾŮӦҪɹ̣ԶһҲͬѧŮԸҲϾɹֻ֮ܳûںҹ֮Уʱһ˭ôܵˣ
ҾãȻ߰ŮӣǾ֤Ů϶ȻĻɴһ˶ˡŮɢɣŮҲͲ䵱Ůˡ
ƾƣأ
׾ƾʼ磬ëȥϴÿ˶ÿ˲ͬ뷨㲻ǸŮô֪ǸŮЩʲô֪ŮҪٲȷӦôĻҪҷˡ
ʲô
һ㶣ƨߵߵ׷ȥƾʲô˼С˵ܸѧϵˣ
׾ƾƵڲμʡʱһӡ

ɴ۾̲סԲ˼䣬ǰɣǰɣⲻС˵ģ
׾ƾƵͷԵûʱҲǿأ˳ڽ˵˳û뵽еԸ⣬Ůȷʵ;ˡȷʵమŮĴ࿴ҲǴ֮ˣֻ˵˶Ա˴˵İⲢǻȵġ
죬˶±ˡ
ⷢô£ѲǸŮԼ֪ǺãùԼĽ𣿡
׾ƾƾҲ˼ԼԼգҪѡȨѣⲻǺܺЦ
ѧУ֮⣬̳лظ𣿡
˵ͷóֻʼеģѧУͬѧĻظҲһ˹ѶŮӦûȻһɹ̡
ֻǸЩ涼Щѵûпǹպûʶǣֻںڰ֮Уͨ˵ĿҲûа취ᵽҲܹǶԴ˷׷ױʾǲħˣⲻС˵õ뵽ôԶȻôõġ
ʱʱҲǲ㶺ˣдѧС˵䳣ʶŮԸһȴΪôһЩ׵ԭ򣬼ֱЦڿԭΪ߾ŮһЩ鶼ġ
̲סҡͷŮЩ淴ôңҾ֪ȷʵǲԸġе˽ǰˡҲǲֻǰûôŨҡȻҲԸԼĻĽ
ǵʱƾô
׾ƾƽëźã˴̽ͷŵµԼѡ񡣡
ʱ仹ûңҲȥܡֻ˳ְһСæѡ
ʵ׾ƾƾԬôĻǲʲôֱӵԼĻʧ䡣
ȻҲ᲻á
ԸܶΪһԹ̣ܿԬɸ˻ǸԼ
ǲܶ˸һҲͲôˡ
ȥûãֻյһϢʦˣ֪ܲһˣ
žζҪ٣׾ƾƿɲˣֱӻظҪҵĻϹɡҪϿΡ
ԬɿظЩżѵԼִֽ֣Ǵʦǹѽ߶᲻Σգ
ᣬСֽ֮УֻҪֽ˲ƣͲ֣Բκε⡣
ϵ֮ٸϵһٳ
õ׾ƾƵ׼ȷظ֮Ԭɲ˵һԣǶһԵĲܶЩѹЩ˵õģ̣һޡ㲻ᷴڵĶԲԣ
̶̧̼ܶ죬ݵ꣬ò㲡
ԬɵĻޱĻĻһٴ𣿡
϶ģйôûȥҴʦʱôʦʩԴʦ˵һǷǳ򵥵顣ԶӦңһҹȥҴʦģԲԣ
ֽܶСˣص˵ͷ
С˼ˣظؿܶԼֱۣһޱȵӡ
ܶзȫѹȥ


128 
ҹ, ţΨ֪˷ԵҹԽž
ܶǶ, һ, ΢΢һĨ¹Ӵֱ, ˲ܶϡ
ʹͷ, ˺ڹӰķ֮, һڰһ
ֽƬԬʱѾ˯, ˵겻Ҫ˯ԬɵĻǱ, ֽ˵֮ټа׾ƾƵÿҹȻȻ˯Ϊ˼ġ
Ȼ֪ܶھԶĵذ, һԵصʹͷ
ҹʮʱڶˣ̧һ, ꣬Ѫ˿鲼, ϰĹߣֽ˲ĸо
һ䣬ܶ˯, ȫ֪ԼҸʱ˿ĵļ尾
ܶվ, ֻôһ򵥵ض, , ؽڶ죬һֻ·ʧ޵ĸо
Լÿ£ûмûˡ
صȥҽԺˣҽԼϸļ˥ʾĲ⡣
һҪúϢҪͣȻĻҽ֪ȥᷢչʲôӡ
֪˹Ȼ996/007ûһ״⵽ز
ʮȲܶҪá
ܶʹԷԼܻܻꡣ
ҽû˵ʲôֻſĺúӪʲôġ
ǲ֪ܶҽڰοһ˵뾫һˣôܼȥ
Ѿֻ߳⣬Ķǳϸ΢Ԭɸûκεʶڳ˯֮С
ιŴʦ˼ôٻ㣬һҪҽ𡣡
ҹģŴʦܹܶĵ绰Ҳʵǲܶ
ΪŴʦ߸պͬи³ⲿֳĶͦҪ󲻹ǲɵѧԱȫҪȥǼǱҪⲿŷŵרŵϸʸ֤ſӪҵ
ŴʦǳĲˬ
ΪԼһеΥҪǱҷֵĻ϶ûùӳԡ
ͬдˣٸЩ캦ͬжûд
Ͼ˲·ɱ˸ĸ
ǶǿЩԷģôܻȥͶ
ⲿŶЩǰԱȡʲôĴʩǾԺ˵
Ͼôѧˣ󲿷ֶûûɵģɽϵǰˣ񶼳ⲿŵĹԱ˸
ҲǣЩһڼɣɲԸЩͬۡ
ҪһʱЩˣһѴġ
ҵ˵ɡ
̸֮ŴʦǴ˯ģܶĵ绰ˡ
ŶԷҲǸͻӣһ˵Ǹ֪ԼڲԶˣضǳľ֣һһֻţǮԶԶϵ
Ȼܶ˿ܸһ˲һ
ԷܲµǸûˡ
ܶϴ˵ŵ飬ԷӦѾɢˡ
δ绰ʲô
ŴʦڶԷܻܸһʽ׵ķϣͨ绰
Ȼԣ˵ѯѿɲˡ
ʦҪдʦĸģ¿ͻϿͻۿɲܽġ
ܶƵİɣʦ겻ġ
У˵˵㻹ʲôҪҽ𡣡
Ŵʦ˸Ƿʱ䣬ĥһͨ绰ԼնǮ
Ŵʦǰ𣿡
ŴʦĹǷһ룬˲ܶʵģˣ黹ľǸɢйذ
Ⱳ޷ŰͷϣѾʼĥ±ӵˣ
ѧ˵ǰȷʵڣǰɣ˵ĿǰѧеˣûǸܹǰ⡣
ŴʦسĬһȻٵ˵Ȼǰ֮£һӳһӡû´ĻҪŵ飿Ҫһǣ±ǲǻһ𣿡
ܶͳڼԣûȻǰĻ˵Ҳһӵġ֪ôܹεһһҲܹһ𡣡
Ŵʦ̲סզ࣬Ӵ˵ȻǸѧģǲǸðһѰҵ飬ǲС˵ǵӾ翴ˡЩǱΪģʵЩ
Ŵʦˮֶ
ΪʲôС˵ӾŮżͷһǰ
ΪС˵Ӿ簡Եְ
ʵУ˵ʱ䲻ͬͻȺܵظ˳ͬ
ôŶӵͶֲ̥˵һͶ̥һ
Ͷ̥ʲôҪһʲô
磬ŶͶ̥ʱҲ磬һ±Ͷ̥ʮ꣬ȲܶͶ̥³ˣʮĲ࣬˵ƨѽ
ҪǣѾɢɢĸִʲô˼
ûһˡ
ԾŴʦͨı£ܹһط꣬һĨ궼ûŴʦɸΪ֮ѽ
ѽܶͲˣѾɢˣٶҲûá
ŴʦûأһĨûɢǲа취һһ𣿡
ʮҲûйϵżȻŴʦһôа취ǵļ䲻Ĩ
ŴʦȫȫЦˣնܣȫûܡ
һûֵزԼûȥܵظҲûܹô㱣֤±ӻǵñ˴ˣ
ڶԷ˷ķϣŴʦʵҲǿôӦģȻһЩа飬ƾԼ汾׬Ǯûкˡ
ǲᣬ׵ֵزģŴʦû취˵Լԡ
˵ˣ֪ܶϵɲΪЩͻԼȦ
ˣĲܡЩȫС˵ģ˵ġ
Ҹ㣬ĸʦ˵ܹһһǼס˴˵ģͬģƭӡʦʵϵģ׬ǮһֶҪ㻹ǱˣҪ취ӳһܸĥһ£ҪЩĻֻǱʾΪûޡԼɡ
жʱûѾǿ֮ĩ˰ɣ
ܶĬ˺һ˻ллŴʦҵûʲô顣ȻĻҾͲŴʦˡѯıԺһ򵽴ʦĿϡ
˵֮󣬲ܶ͹˵绰ͽŴʦһҡͷԡ
˵Ķ˰ɣܶˣӵᣬͷһμ
Ķ˱壬ӵұĴͷһμһ֡
ʵеţơ


129 
ҹ, ̱ܶڵذϣޱͷŴ⡣
һĨ¹⣬ʱ˿յͷ෢ɬ
ǰн, еһ, һ֮󣬶᳾鳾, , Ϊ㡣
һӾȫµһ
ͬŴʦ˵, ˵һܼܲǵñ˴ˣ˵ʱ䲻ͬ, ǵͬһʱǰŵĹ, ҲᱻӲͬķʱصǲ֪˵ֻ֮ᾭʲô顣
һӣһɴʮ꣬ǻ, ϷҲûвܶࡣ
ʮƴѰԬɵټ
ɱʮأ
Ϊô
ܹɽ飬ɶҪʮˡ
ɵԸִܹŵصô
ܶҶġ
ԬɲԸһΪ, ϲػϣܴһԭǳΪ, û취ٸ˵ϲŭ֡
ͨ˵ֿɵõĶ˵ȴǱȵ컹ѡ
ʮĸҲˡ
ʮĸ, ׵, ܹ
֪ܶԼ, Ԭ, Ĳȷ
ʹϵؿģ֪ôźãҲ֪ԼǲǸԬ˵ģϴȥҰ״ʦ
Ҳ״ʦķء
ϾôܽɵĻǷֽ֮У
һʦû
ǲǴŰ״ʦΪһݣ
ǲܶҲ
һ״ʦأ
һֻĳأ
һһж˳һӣֺأ
ڲܶʹʱֻͻȻ
ʬһ㣬ֻ̳Ϣ
ʱ䣬һֱ겻ᣬûֻϸAPPϢ
ͷʱ򣬲ܶҲûǸȤȥ
رֻʱͻȻһ̳Ϣ
ܶʹص˽ȥȻѾȷԼ֣ΪʲôҪǣ˿С˵ͼһ֣˭ҪһС˵ʺġͳ֣ҪǷĸվдĻûб¶ˣʲôɾӰ
ܶһĪʲôС˵ʲô֣ʲô
ȲдС˵ҲС˵ûзӣǲǰشˡ
ʱֺȻһˢ£һͳ˸Ϣ
в˻ظӣˣҲߵذǰ˵һ飬ôɵؾͱܶ˽ȥ
ܶһһ䣬ɴ۾ֻ֮û
ŵѷУҵ˱ɾӣһĿʮеؽݶ˸顣
͵͵Ц
Ц֮дĿɬ𺡣
ЦԼǸɵӡ
ЦԼ顣
ЦԼˡ
ЦԼôܣȴǻΪԬ˵Լ£㱣ԽԼֻ档
ΪԬɵֻ֮ǰͻˣɻ֮Ϊٶֻۣתǿ˵ӡ
Сֽ֮ĶڿԭЩ˼άҲˡ
ԲŻôҪҪûд
ֵһʵͬѹյһݣòܶըѿ
ôôΪ룬ڸղѾˣһһҲкýֵĻ֣ԬڵپǵԵͶһ
أʲô
Ԭݺݵͱһ
α̬
ȻԸ⣬Ǿ͹ظ˵ˣֲǲͬ⣬ȻѾôˣֺαطӵѰҵͬ
Цǣ˶ΪֻǸС˵ֻǸ飬˶ͬĽ֡
ƫƫڵߵıʾʵӦ
ȻѾʵֺαҪ˵ЩΪ˰
Ϊ˲ѹ
ˣĲˣûġ
ֻöģԼϹۣôᰮˣֻԼһƬĺ񱻹ˡ
ĵĶı֮Уòܶǳܣܵǵᣬۿдת˺ܾãڻǵ
Ǻǡ
ЦˣЦаЦɭ
ôأĺΪԬɵⷬٶѾʼҪˡ
ҪˣҪˣҪԼȫȫĸȴ˵һ˦
䣡
ܶ˲Լ۽ǵˮЦÿɬ
վѩϼ˪ƺǲϵڸΪһֵõŮˣԼԼһӣԼĴۡ
ԭĲܶΪԸȥƽϵʧ
ڵһиͲֵãԬɸͲֵôʱķǱ
һһƿ˽ȥ
Сֽͷϣ˯һûκηӦ
֪ܶԴֽ֮ÿ̫𣬲κεĶ
ضֽˣŵҸгɡ
һ뵽ֻﵯЩϢʹϵġ
ջǲΡΡ֣סǱСֽƬȻҧأ۾
ϲϵؽֶ֣
ô밮ôΣվڽȫ߽⡣
ǵᣬ˺ֽ˵Ķ۽ǻ䡣
һ룬Ԭɽ͸˲ܶǰ
ûзӦ׷ʲôֱĿڲܶϣž
ʲôΪʲôҪҵֽ˺飬ǰ״ʦ˵ֽˣҵҲ᲻ȣɢġΪʲôô
Ԭ˶ҪˣͿͶ̥ܹӵµû뵽ܶȻֽ˸˺ˡ
㲻ǰҵΪʲôҪôң
Ԭɱ벻ͨ⵽Ϊʲô
ܶͷͬӵģޱؽֻݵǰ
Ϊʲôԭ򡣡
̫Сˣû뵽ɾӣȻѼǵ㣬سɡСĵȻҵ˺ţ춼ȥˡ
Ԭɵɴ۾û뵽ȻΪ
ҲԸ飬㲻֪ΪʲôΪָңôǿˡϽȥҰ״ʦң찡
Ԭ˻ߣǲܶȴǲΪף֣ǷħƵҪ
ܶһ·һ㣬Цſ·һͬҲν

Ԭɵִܶ壬޷Уʹ
ΪʲôΪʲôң
ܶ۾Ҳ֪ΪʲôҪң
ԹŮͽԹ


130 
Ŵûа취ܶ, ֻؿԼ͸ִĲӣԬվǱطˡ
ʹؿŲ֪֪ܶĻ, һҷ, Ҳûа취һˡûˣ
ܶЦЦ֪, һֱ֪, Ϊ֪, ҲŻô
ǰ˵ҲԸΪ, ɢҷ𡣡
Ȼĳŵ, Ϊʲôôأ
Ԭɲţһ𾪵ؿô
ʱȷʵԸ⣬ܶԼܾ, ȻܾˣΪʲô飬̫, ̫ʧҲ̫öˡ
Ͳǰ, ûаңԲԣ
İһôɢҲûһӡںң
ܶЦ, һƽؿ, ԽԽ, ¹ⶼֱӴ͸Ļ, 䵽ذ֮ϣҲʾʱ䲻ˡ
СʱǾͻԼǰɢ
ѵ֪һ˰ͻɺ𣿡
ԬɾԼȫûа취ܶͨȥҲǸ벻ͨôôִִһֿµĵز
ײܶǲҪˣԴС
ܹоԼԽԽ飬ȥĻɢġ
̿벻ϯԬɵȫԸٸܶȥҪȥҰ׾ƾơ
Ǻҹպû̫һüģ뵽ŤͷƮ˳ȥ
ܶһţϽȥֻסһƬֻؿԬɵĻǴӴ⴩ȥ
ɣ
ţȴǻԬɵӰŵش򿪴ƼıԬԽģΡ
ֵܶѣ۾˲ܶķ䣬ıԼҸʧǵؿŴվڴһӡ
磬ôˣΪʲôô˻˯
̧ܶͷɫϺڰĹߣͬвܶ䲻һ
磬ôѽ
ܶȥƵûʲôȥ˯ҲҪ˯ˡ
ܶЩģԴӰ׾ƾ뿪֮״̬һ첻һ죬ܶ⼸ϿϵĶЩ겻ᡣ
鵽ʲôʱǸͷ
ʹ͵͵ش绰ְ˵˼﷢˴£ǸϽؼңԶ绰ֻܱת԰壬Ƕûлһ绰
ܶǾùˣһԸĸôܹΡ
ǿ챻ˡ
ԬɻŵزٿԼ׾ƾƵѧУȥ
ЩԼ֮ǰʹ׾ƾƵѧУ֣ǷٵƮ˼֮ȻԼͲʶ·
֪׾ƾѧУ֣֪ʶ·֪ôȥ
Ԭãվԭأһʱֻ֮ѡ
޶޲ñܵġ
Ϊʲô
ڶףܶѾ֪Ը⣬Ϊʲô֮󻹻
ֲ͵͵ƭ
ԬɺܲģԼɢ
õʲôûܹƾʲôҪҲܴ磿
еԹԽԽ㣬ǣܱȻ仯
ؾƼһֻèؽţֻèƺܹ

Ԭɱ֣һѾץסèӣȻݺݵҧȥ
ٴλعʱ򣬲ŷԼȻԵֻè
Ԭŵ˶ˣȫèѪֻèѾ䡣
ô£
Ϊʲôֻè
ֻèˣ
ּˣ֪ʱ򣬺ȻһͷԼ־ȻЩʵˡ
ղ͸ĺҪɢһ
ԬɵԭأʲôΪʲô
Ϊֻè
Ӳ֪ԶﻹЧ
һƺԬɵ֮һŵȥè䣬Ȼ˳˼
ʼؽѰЩè˹ҲϵʳǵѪԴﵽԼʵЧ
ǼֻЧһҲ
ʱı任ֿʼ״̬ˡ
Ѿоõȵ̫֣ͻɢ
УҪʻĶ׳ʵꡣ
ԭֻżֵеĺ⣬ʱ˵ǲ۾
ԬɶԴȴ֪޾
Ѫĳ嶯ʼ͸ǽڣѰʻѪϢ
ҹ㣬һ˯ʱ
ҵŮ˸˺ӣǸɰŮСڸĸм䣬Сȭͷ߬ԼԱߣ˯
ʱʱط˯ò̤ʵ
һİְ֣΢΢ȻѾ˯
ԬƯСϿգɰģûг֮ǰܶҲĺӻʲôġ
Ǹʱжۣڻж
һʱ֮䣬Ԭɿ⺢ӵĿ⣬Ҳ¶
ʶԼ֣̽Եȥץӡ
ûȴǱʲôһȻ۴Ԭɻæջ֣Ͻǽ֮д˳ȥ
ںӵĿоѣæΪǶˣϽι̡
ʣ˯죬˯𣬻С࣬ǲһ˳ȥֱӰѺѡ
СźӣǱ߾ѵԬȴһһ˵ҡ
ֻһڼңɢһֲϵ
Ԭɲʿˮ֮ǰͲһ˵.κε뷨Ǵʱ˿ֻоɢѪ⾫ζʱ޿̲ջ
ƺһˣĻǾܸȹ̣Ļ̫Ҳ»ᱻյĻҷ
ʱ˿ȫռԬɵ۾ͬƻһ͵Ǹȥ
ŵҹֻ˷һĲҽ֮Ƕ׽
֪˶ãԬɴַ״̬˹
ŵǸûε֮ŵ˶סˡ
èèΪЩ࣬ûʲô󸺵ֻǴһʼĲϰߵν
ɱ˰
Ȼˣ
ԬɲЩֻûгʶҲ֪С˵ﳣ˵Ĺһɱ䣬ͷմȾǻġ
ôתͶ̥
ԬɺµĲԼҲ֪ԼΪʲôȻôϣǸ֡
ڴ֮ǰһжûʲôѽ
Ԭɺ£֪ô졣
ҲȥҰ׾ƾơ
ΪͳĴʦ֪ԼͷϷ֮󣬿϶ġ
ĽҲɢ
Уԡ
ԬɻŲ·ſڴԿ׿ŵ֪Էܿȴǻŵˡ
Ů˿˵֮״ҵԼϹı


131 
ڶһ, ܶһرŹǷȥѧ
ûͣȥѧ·, ˳ȥ͡
֮, ҲûȥѧУ
ȻܶԼǸˣͲҪ, ÿԼһ˹س, ҲɩɩӰ, ܶǾúѹ
֪Ҫãֻϣһ
ɩɩ, ûйϵֻϣԼĸܹƽƽ
ܶ, ѧУȥ·ߵһСʱСͣźöһ˻ɫľߡ
վŲٿֵȺ, лмǱһУͬУѧ
ܶʱ仹磬Ҳ̲סսȥ֣ͬѧ, ͬѧôˣôҶһ𣿿ʲôأ
ǱڨͬѧŰӿ˲ܶһ, Ȼŵ
ʲô
ܶɫһףС, ôģʲôʱ飿
Ҳ֪, Ҳѧʱ·ġղŰԵĴ˵ǰҹʱͳ, ϹںǰʬѾˡ˻Сأ

ܶһµؿһ, һͬѧļһȥѧɣʱˣٳپҪٵˡ
ͬѧϽһڰӣŵͷУ߰ɡ
һһ߰Ž췢ͬѧ˹ˣߵСˣȻҼС˺üèʬ壬ɶˣġ
ϻɨʱ˵ǰһಡųˡ
ôµ𣿡
ܶһ壬˭ộ
˭֪˳⣬ϲŰèèı̬
ܶ˼Σ̲ס²ɱ˰ɱﰸһòͬһİɣ
˵ĺеѽ
ͬѧͬصͷΪҲôġ
ֻǲµжпգҲֻǲ²ѡ
ߣҽѾʬ˽ʣȷߵʱ賿ңҽжϡ
ΪʬߵļбҽĽҵʱѾ䡣
ҽʬƴƴͦಿλǹǣЩٵƤⲢûбɻиĺۼ
ͺ֡
֮⻹һǣʬϵѪҺʲôһ
ôĻ÷ҽļƤˡ
ҽôͷһôŹ˵
Ҫǣһʱ֮䶼û취Էǰʲô
ɱҲ
ڷҽ˼⣬ԴҪƵʱ򣬾ӵ˵и̬ڸŰɱС
ɶԷһܾͻŰɱˣϾ̬ᷴ˭֪һã᲻ˡ
ϵʱ򣬿ǼֻèèҲ̶õʬ壬ɫ˱䡣
һ쿴ʬ֮ͻȻ뵽ʲô͵һ֣ڵǾ賿Ǿʬ壿
ǲǸӵģǰӷȫ֪ˡ
ֳǳ𾪣ضһҪҳס
ΪңԱַ˲̣ʹ֡
ټϵĿǰΪֹҽûа취κõϢͬ²һ磬ͬҲûߵķҵ˵ĺۼ
ӱԽ׽͸
⼸Űɱèèİӣǵľ
ǷǳɶԷǲèè֣ԼĵŰɱΪЩèèԽǿԿƣǾǱСɱߡ
Ȼ֪֮ǲйȻǲŹκõϢ
ǸϽϱҽèʬ嶼˻÷ҽ⡣
ҽ֮󣬾ȵطèʬȷʵʬģǳơ
ΨһĴԼèèϻвٵѪҺд棬Ѿû˵ġ
ַʬĳʽ÷ҽ÷ǳƣоųɵİȷͬһΪ
ҷҽЩʬ˵ĸоǳ֡
״ʬ飬һ֮С
壬Щèèʬ壬ͬһüĸо
ҽûط룬ֻǾ֣ſΪͬһԭ
ߵ֪⼸ӿܶͬһΪ֮ȥ鸽ļء
Ȼ˹ǣ·ߵļʾЩèèƾձ˺ѳġ
ҵĵһֻܺèʱȫըëسſֱС
Ȼһֻèͺץס˲˺ѿϵҲڼ١
ֲĳڳ˲伦Ƥֱ񶼴סˣʼ
ô£
ôܣ
ѵǹɵĲɣ
˵һȥļػ
˵ǰڳ񾯿ļƤ񣬷׷״˺
СǱľҲƿ
ǰ⼸СʱСڶûʲô˽УҲųɡ
ǾʹſСڲԱİ
ؼǣСÿһ¥ĵݶмصġ
Ҳ˵ȥĻ϶ᱻݼ¼
ǵݵļ¼ʾʱûȥߵ¥㡣
ֻߵҹӰ
Ҳڲ²˻᲻ͬһ¥סҲԶûȥݣ¥ȥġ
ΪųܣԾҲӴȥŲ顣
ѯʹߵŸǰ¥ھӣ˵ºͣϺˣӲھìܡ
ټСھ֮粻УʱһסͲ֪¥ϵŮ
Ҳʹҵҵʾ߲ûиͬ¥סκεìܡ
ͬʱҲʹߵѸ˾ͬ£ҲȷߵԵܺãٸìܣУìҲöԷҹ߼ʹɱ֡
һӾ֮С
ڼвûмκ˵ټŴգҲûб˹ĺۼʹԽ˷롣
èèŰɱʱǹƵվӵⰸϽⲿš
ⲿڽӵӵʱ򣬴ִֵ˽һ£Ͷ϶ӦǶ
ԱЩʬ׵ƬϣƼ˹
Դʦûӵģǿص׾ƾѧУĵصǳԼҪȥҰ׾ƾƣ˳ſ԰ӽ
Ǳӣ˵Ͷ
Ͼкö಻ٹڰ׾ƾƵ飬Ҫ֮ǰӵĵʸ
·һѾ绰ʹҲȷ˵ǰ׾ƾư·һ
ȥҪҵıǰ׾ƾƵͬѧԡ
ʤڶ֪ԵɣԴʦڿԼ֮ѾԼ˸²⣬Ҳȷ׾ƾһҲ˽ȥ


132 
Դʦͷ, ٸȥϵʱѾˡ
а׾ƾƵϣ֪ǻؼҲѧУҲż, Ҫȥ
ǰһϽӵ֪ͨ, ˵³һⲿҪŰݷá
ʱˣʲôʱָ˸ⲿţ
ⲿʲôģ
ֻ̲Ͷ, ûʲôⲿŵġ
⣿
صҪʲô
Ϊµľ顣
˵ʵʵ˰, ҲûиʲôΥҼ͵, ⧲һûҪݷ, ܲ˾û
ĸҲûõȥ, ȫ˴Լֻġ
֮ڵòǹЩѧзĲŰɣ
ȻǶ֪йдʦ, ǹ֪ҲصһⲿЩ飬Ǿ͸ˡ
ĸ, ܾԼҲ׵ĶӣṦô˵ĺе㿿׵ӣ
, ̫Ҳûãʱ֪ˡ
ֻҪûΥҼ͵飬ǲ˭Ŷû, ѽ
һͻϸеĶһ㿪, ĸԼǳϢˡ
Ҳûȥ, ڼνⲿŵĸɲš
ԴʦǴͽһ, һҴţԴʦͽͷ˲ԡ
ҾȻһ󷨣һ׽󷨡
ԴʦԼһܹ̳һ󷨡
Խ׾ƾƵ
˰׾ƾ֮ûܹ顣
Ӵ˵ⲿŵλ£һվڴſڣǼҵԺḻ𾪣Ǿ̾󶨣˵ûд
λ»ǹѧ¼ͬ־
һľͷȥˡ
Ҳſھͽ׾ƾƵ˵ȥ֪ⲿŵôµģҰ״ʦҲᵽⲿţһһͺ˵ȥ״ʦȴԸⲿӴˣ
װľͷˣֻϴЦȴֲֻ󷨵顣
ֱ븸ӭԴʦ֮󣬲ϸؽһⲿԼ˵ݡ
ֽǰԵ˵һºŻȻ
ԴʦǷ˺ӣԸϽ˲ѽ
ȻǶѾ֪˰״ʦ飬Ҳûȥ
֮ǰһһ˵˳Ҳᵽ˰׾ƾƸǲµ󷨣󷨵ĹЧԼ׾ƾƸǻķ
Դʦͽȴһ𾪡
Ǹʦʱ򣬾֪ʦһλѧ˲ţû뵽а׾ƾƵͬ˾Ȼ㡣
㵽һǶÿŵĵز
ղᵽ󷨣붼롣
󷨣٣彡ܽеаͨͨ
󷨾տһʱ֮仹޷͸Ҫ˵ѧˡ
˵ҲһĴ
ϾܸڵԴʦģȻҲ츳ڣĸ
ȻʵȴݺݵظһĴӣ죬Ա׾ƾ˵ǻǲʲô
˵ǣʦ˵׾ƾƲǸ߶ѧ
͸ˣ
Դʦϸоһ󷨣󷨵ľҲֻܲ͸Щ
ҪѧᣬҰ׾ƾѧϰ
֮ԴʦЩ˼Ҫһ׾ƾƸǻĻ
Ҳ⣬Դʦͽ˵ı֣֪״ʦжôǾȡ
ǿһҲǸ״ʦ
Ǳÿ
ŻͳʱԴʦɴ۾ѿڶǼƷ
ʲô
ͽ꣬Ʒʦ㲻˵֮٣ܹƷķʦѾ𣿡
Ұ׾ƾƲóôֻԷо֮ߣ
ѧ˻׽ȵȣ˵һЩͨ
ҶѡʺԼʺԼһѧϰо
Ҳ˵ܶѧ˵ľ޵ģ츳Ҳ޵ġ
Щڻ츳רһмߵ衣
Щ׽츳ǱרĹⷽ顣
Ҳһ棬ҪȡúõĳɾͣȻҪѲѪʱ䡣
һĶñᵼѧղһʦǲͽôġ
׾ƾأ
ʦ˵Էһ裬һǶ෽淢չֱͲˡ
ԴʦͷҲǾ֣̾һ·֪׾ƾ츳ϻ쳣еĺ֮㣬û뵽Ȼ㵽ز
ʱſ¥͵̲סǸԴʦһа׾ƾƻƵԷҪ𣿡
ԭԼû򵽼ƷһĴӵۣСӣʱڷúÿ飬ֲ
ĶӰɣ
ԴʦЦеس֣˵Է൱ĸȤ
ʦ֣Ҳһ㶼ֵİۣͱǰʱԷݵ˴ʦǰ
Դʦ̯Ѿ𾪹ǾȵǾӸ߲¡
ǰ׵ѵͬѧǲǣ
ԵͷԶԶԣҸѧͬͬѧѧˣץ󻭷ѧϰɼҲֱͲˡ
ˣЩҪҪĻҴʦʮǮһţ˵ĺܡ
ѧ˵ֱѧϰ֮һ㶼
ʲôʮһţ
Դʦͷͽ̲סȵѿڶⲻǼ𣿡
˵Է绤ãҲǼƷ
㹻Ǵѡ
ȴ֪ŷʮ飬ⲻ
±𾪵ӣһЦ֮ǰѧ˵ģǰƷ֮ҲûƷˡ
ʵ˵ȷʵıˣﳬֵҲѧΪǶѧԲŻŻݵġ
ѧʲôⲿ𣿡
Ե˫д˰Զ֡
ԴʦȴЦЦ뷨㻹֪ʲôڰ׵ѵһͬ˵˵𣿡
Ȼԡ
Ǹ룬Դʦȥŵɷ磬ƽ׽ˣദ˵Ծ÷ǳһҲηԼϸǿҪɳۿӣֵؽԼ֪Ĺڰ׾ƾƵǡ
ǰ׾ƾϵĻѧϰϵģ˵˭Դʦϲء
һԴʦҲԽ̵˽˰׾ƾˡ
˸֮ԴʦֱȥҰ׾ƾƣʡ쵼֪ǵټ֮󣬸˹ǣһҪһ֮ˡ
Դʦûа취ƴǣֻøһȥ˶ٷ˳żȻѾģǱȥһ¶¼ȥҰ׾ƾơ
ʱϻü


133 
Դʦһ, ͷϢ˰׾ƾƣͨ籨š
׾ƾһúڱԼСҶϻŻһǼĻ, 鵭Ȼ, ƺֵԴʦһҲ⡣
ʵϣǰѾӵ·һϢ, ҾȻдѧ¼ⲿ, ⲿͷԴʦηɵ, ᵽ
ΪʱԴʦͷ֤ȷ䣬·һҪҲȥ, ֻǱؽĴڸԴʦ
·һ׾ƾƴƱʾû͸¶̫, ֻǰ֮䷢˵˳ȥһû˵
׾ƾǸʱҲǵһ˵ⲿ£˵绰֮󣬲֮ǰԼЩʱ, ĥŹǲĲܹЩ飬ȷʵеģ־ͽⲿš
ⲿ, ҲΪǼƵѣ㷺, Զˡ
׾ƾƵҲģһûΥҼͣû, ⲿžҪҲ, Ҳøһԭ
֪⼸ԷҪ, û뵽Ȼô
лԵ֮, ׾ƾƼĵظԼСҶüۡ
üۿڱһȥԭƽСҶԵԽĻ֡
˿СҶ˵֮СҶ˵˫۾գգֻá
׾ƾƹ˹СҶǣ֣ĵ衣
뵽˵ԴʦҪȥһˣƺҪʲô참׾ƾͷһ
ԭԼԬɲûԼʱ䵽ںģ׾ƾƻ˵绰ȥ
ͨ绰ǲܶԷԽ׾ƾƵǸʾܱǸҪԼˡ
Ϊ˺ԬɵСֽˣԬעɢҲӦԼˡ
׾ƾ󣬵Ҳû̫ȡ
뿪ܼʱ𣬲ܶ״Щԡ
鲻һ룬ǻб
ԬǷ˲ܶһݱ֣׾ƾҲ˵ʲô
ⶼԼľ
յĽԼ߳ġ
ܶʲôҲע˵ġ
Ҫȥ¡
ɹؽСֶһ֮󣬰׾ƾʱˣȥ緹
ʱſͻȻһЩվڶ¥ڿۣӳıһɫ
һǵƺš
ܱߵĴ񶼿ƵΧһѣӳϳİ͢ĸ֮ŴȻȴУô׼Ѿͷô񣿡
˵ıǰĸ
ĸǰ˵ֱΣһڵӣһһۡ
Ǵݷ븸֮󣬾ֱҰ׾ƾƵģΪЩⵢ飬õ˰׾ƾƵ֮Ź
븸Լ˽֪̽ǵŮ׾ƾһֱСɽ壬Ȼ׸ǷԼŮǳ۰ǼͥˣôذŮҪһæǰʱ仹ΪҪݣСˤɽڼ˺üˡ
һЩĸĶˡ
ıŮܷܷһǧس˫ϸ֣Ӧٻ滭ݵġ
͢վſڣ˹ضܱߵĴ鷳ǰæһ°׸򸾻ѣȥ
ίеĴһôǮƵˣ֮æͷȻƨߵߵؾȥҰ׸ǡ
ܱ۷׷ףʲôʱ׼һôǮѣôˣôû˵
ǺѰ⣬͢ȴǴֻ̫˵Ƕδδ͸¶ֺ
׾ƾƼˣ֪Ǵڵ۶̳Ǽԭ֮󣬲Ľչ
ֻǸʱԼʱȻ֣ǲûȥΪζ̶վ
п»˵ʲôɣ
׾ƾƵĿɫϣ΢΢ü
ЦЦ¥򿪷ţ尢Ұ
⧲ŮĿԣԭֵİĸڼһ˲ۿһӾͺˡ
£΢޷סԼ
͢ҲˣҪ棬ҪܱȫİĴһŮͺ˳
׾ƾվǶֻǼ򵥵˸βףͬˮܽһ㾫˫ȴڳ͸͵ģ尾صȴİ׼ǧֵİܷܷʧǣ㵲ѡ
ôܣ
İ׼ǧʮ궼ƶСɽûͷֻСѼһ
ôܻ죿
ⲻܣ
ڰܷܷܴЩʧص߬ȭͷʱȴȻԼߵǸճֵֹǸݻǸŮÿƯ㻹ҪƯ
һͬϽһ㣬̼İܷܷ죬Ưһöѡ
ûİܷܷ޷ֻһ棬ǸԼҪԼϱйȻˡ
ôһ˲䣬ܷܷ뵽ĲǸйȥŰ׾ƾƣǰް׾ƾİ費˵жҪߡ
ǵպ߻ʣʲô
жҪֹ
ڰܷܷ˵ȫûа취ܵġ
ԣԣԣ
йѵؿŴ׾ƾƵŤͷֿһ۰ܷܷЪ˹пԵӣƫˡ
˸ÿģܷܷȻͲˡ
֪ʱϻص۶ôʦ֣ûá
֮ǰɵȳܷܷζȻĻǧ˷ľɲɿ顣
ܷܷɲ֪йʱ뷨Űĸ͢鼤ر׾ƾƴУŽգҲ淢ʲôﲻЩ̿֡
ƴԼ侲ָʹָʹйȥɵ׾ƾơ
ѾǰˣȥɱɱҾŮˡ
ʽûǰɣ
ܷܷϵشߴййȴǷܵǵüǵҵȻǵáǣڰ֮ǰܵյϢɡ
ܷܷ˫Ŀ죬Ҫּۻۣȥɱȥɱôϻ
ʱ˿̵ͱֻ벻ռģйĿ־塣
йߴ˷磬ҵʲô˵ôôЦҿǹ㲻һϢƾʲôҪ£
ܷܷҧгݣŶģйһڣȻ󲻶ϵشߴȥ˰׾ƾơ
йδʹ˰ӲϹǿ۳ôˣҪǽ֦Щ鷳ŽϾͰ¸ˡ
֮ǰǵȷס
ǱƮƮؽ˰׼ҡ
˫۴ѵؿеİ׾ƾƣ̲סʿˮ
ÿÿǺÿ
һ룬׸ĸ˵Żİ׾ƾƣȴǺȻڵλá
˫۾·ܿһ㣬ǽйһ


134 
㱼, йԾЩ˵ջĿ⣬ôܣһͨôܼõղſ϶⣡
뵽й͵͵ؽĿͶ˰׾ƾ, ƯŮഺ, ͺ֦ͷ֭ӣҧһ, ͻ֭ˮŷ, ˾̵, ֡
ȻǳճĿڰ׾ƾû, һ룬ֻ۾ʲôһ, ۵̲סҽ˫ס۾ֱԭش
ۣۣ
ô
ǹȻᱥۼţ
ʲô飿
˵, ڴ֮ǰ۾ûбʲô̹ôö˶˵ľͱ
ѵΪ࿴ƯСһۣ
ѽ֮ǰ׹ܷܷ, Ҳûʹ˵Ӧǲµѽ
йʹԭش, ɻʱ򣬰׾ƾջĿ⣬תԭĸ
һ۵ؿ, ֹ, ˵ʲô, ȴƺֵ˺, ֲ˵ڡ
ֻһ֣ˮôԼ˸е֮У˿֪һδıС˵ͶһѱһᣬǶô˾÷˼־岻
棬Ǽ׾ƾ̫򶨣ʼֻǴôЦκεɻð͢⣬̲סԼϱ֣ȲҪô
ƾư֮ǰڵ۶̳ܵ㻹ǵ𣿡
׾ƾƵͷҼǵãʱ㿴ҵ񻹺֣ƺܾȡ
ĿڰĸԼǳƵϣǻһĨЦҴΪʲôôˣ̸ҳú񡣡
ĸЩƲסԼ˱Լסİ׾ƾƵ֣ӣΪĸף˲Ż᳤񡣡
ҵĺӣҵŮ費ãȻô֪꣬ࡣ
͢ǵģģǵŮҪǲŵĻ̾ȥӼ
ȻԱŵ׾ƾԼŮ֮ϵĵЦȴûʧȵı鶼ûгֹ
ǳЦſǣð͢Ͱĸǲ˲ԡ
ĸ̧ˮ˫ۣӣؿǰ仪ŮƾƣһҲȣ
׾ƾһʵ֪ˡ
ʲô
Ϸ򸾴ʧɫæ׷ʣô֪ģʲôʱ֪֪ˣôǣ
׾ƾƳԼЩ֣ͨСҶ˲¶У֣ͨЩˡ
û˵ķԸǲܹسǰġ
Ұˣ˵
Ļ£ſھʹ֮ԼŴĴɤţ׸ǼǮѣƾƳ߯ˡ
ű躩Ļش
ɶǮѣԼô֪ԼǮѡ
ǽȥ£ƾѾڽӴˡ
ĶϷҲЩŵضȥ
׸һѵɻԺӴţԵȫ⡣
׾ƾƳӭӣغ衣
׸ӦһҪʲôѣͼϷ򸾽ų˰׾ƾƵ
ӴδӴǮ򸾡
пŮΣ壬ʼѣֻôţƲǵʵ䡣
һȣ׸ĪԲλ࣬ͷԼմЬӣٿ˼ҲƤЬĪЩζ
ҪǣλǵŮ׾ƾվһʱ򣬰׸ȴĪŮǲһڵ˾뷨
һʼԼ뷨ںЦôأ
ȻĿͣڰĸϣ㲻ԾЩ𾪵Ŵ͡
ΪĸŮúǷ޶±ƻ̿֡
ʶؿԼͼҲһ֪ؿ
ƾСʱ˵ĳôôɰĺӡ
ȵˣǷȥɽɽɹڣҲû˵
ǣŮɱڰģվһ֮ǲžԼŮôŮô񣿣
ô£
ԼŮôô
˲ƤֱǿǸŮŮ滨ؿԼڿ˵ţŮʱ˲תذ֮С
ſҪվȵʱһ˫ס㱼̧ͷһͼԼŮǵط裬û°ɣ
׾ƾƵһ裬˲˵ףסŮ֣൱
ԣûʮŮô᲻ԼŮ
Ů裬˭޷ϡ
Ȼ˶ˣôǾͽ˵͢Ƴţȿڣһ˽ӡ
֮Լеˣǰ׸ȴǷǳľ
Źֵİֿ͢ӺݻŵİĸȴصصӣĵĲ
͢˵Ű׾ƾǱŮʮǰΪĳ⣬°׾ƾƸǵŮ
Ҳǰŵ֪ϢǸϽ
֪˵޷ܣҲһǴҶòȥܵһʵǲԸԼŮ룬ͬҲԸԼŮֿģԲԣ
͢˵Щʱ򣬻һһذڷǰ͢ϲü֣ʱ˿ֲֻ̿ؿŰ׾ƾƣͺ޿ʲôĺͯһ㡣
׾ƾǵ˵ļỺȴɷǳᶨְ֣裬ܷʲôǶҵİ裬һӹɡ
׸ֻůҲ˵
ŮԸǣΪԼĸǮ˶ǣ͹ˡ
ҲΪˣԼνŮ
Ǻû𣿡
͢Ϊ׾ƾƵĻЩʧ䣬־ο
˵ԼŮΪĸΪǮƣȻȻؽԼʮĸĸô޷ܵġ
ˣڳûҲǰ鶼˵ǽܲˡ
ۿ⺢ӣʲôܲ˵ģǴˣʮ꣬ܲ˵ӦӲŶԡϽɡ
˵֮ס˰׾ƾƵ֣ģָϽƾģҵŮҲҵŮǶĺŮ
׾ƾοһĸ첲֡
ĸЩĽҲ֪ԼܴһʼͱԼŮܡ
͢Ϣðܷܷһ˳
ֻܷܷһƿţһɾȵУֱͦţսһ㣬ֱ׼Ҷȥ


135 
ܷܷ֮, ɫС滨꣬ۿ΢һ۾òЩй档
Ů˰, Ȼǰ˺һ
ܷܷˮؿеĸ, İ׾ƾƺĿһ, а, йôµģȥô, ǰѻ̸ˣȻҲûж, ûã
ղǶǰˣ
ȻԹϰܷܷȷʵɳ, ϸΡΡسŰĸ衣
ĸᣬӦһȻǰסܷܷ, ǰܵŮ, ܷܷ
ܷܷǰϵŮˣĸһ, ȴƺƤڣһĥĲģ, ðܷܷ̿֡
˵
صСɽ֮
ֻҪһ뵽δԼʮҲ, ܷܷЩܲˡ
Ъ˹ط, ܾ, ֻԸڰĸߣҲ֪ⲻܡ
ֻſװֶ˵
ŵͷСͬˮǲ֪ΪʲôȴһҪĳ嶯ûС
ѵΪ֪ԼŮƾƣڰ׼ҹŽʳĺܺã˲Ų
ǲѽղ֪ʱҲеҪһԼŮ
û뵽ȴû˸о
ǲΪ̫ƾƣʮûнӴŮûеĸ
ЩѹԼĸ׵Щְ
ŤͷԼ˰׸׸ʱ˿ҲüͷǱ̫ɹڵ¶ӵ
ڴ֮ǰ׸δôŮԼġ
ֱղ֪࣬ųڵİϷ򸾣ŻȻ
ǰһôܻͬһҫŮһжΪŮĸĻĺá
ŮŻôϻۣʶܸɡ
ֻҪһ뵽׾ƾƲԼŮ׸Ķˡ
ܡ
ΪҲһŮ
ŮҲΪֲ̿度£׵ĵóһƬ졣
ɵԼŮܷܷʱĵûӣЩİ
Ҳͬ룬ôûӴһʱ֮ûܲ
ԸҪӱض԰ܷܷá
͢һĻ̾Ϣſڵ˭ӱģڲ飬鵽֮һҲһڵϻԼŮ֪ҲϻԼŮǴ˱˴˵Ůʮ꣬óóȻֿԭλ϶᲻ϰߣܲˣԽܡǰ׼ҲôļͥҲܸмǾ˾ƾƣô꺬ؽ󡣡
ԸþƾΪɰ֣ɰ֣ʱʱػؼǣǡҾƾֵ߶ͻȻתѧѧҵҲܲãǴ߿֮ٽص۶ϤϤܷܷҲˡ
Ͼڵ۶ϰˣͻȻתƵĻѧϰɼҲӰ졣ȻǲԸĻҲǲĻҲھƾƸ߿֮۶
ǿڵ۶ŮǶʱҲǰŹסЩǲõġǾô
ʵ˵͢⻰֮ȷʵǷǳм
ΪǮ˼ҿ϶ֱӽŮߣٿܷܷҲôã˵׼ԼŮҲ¡
û뵽ͨǵǶԾƾƵĸ飬Ҳǵ˾ƾѧϰ⣬պҲǽȥˡ
ֻҪԸ⣬ǾܾټҸƾһȥ۶ͽ
ҾƾҲ˵߿Ҫǵ۶õĴѧʱǷһȥ۶
׸ۣվǾܾ˰͢顣
ǶӣСɽô꣬汲ˣӦ˵۶е
׾ƾǰӵ۶˰ǿ˴еķǱߵȻ棬ǲϰȥ
Ȼ׾ƾ˵ԺȥӣĵʵѾãȥ۶Ů
һʲôᣬ۶زģҲסϰߡ
֪ĺ⣬ϰСɽҲûȥ۶Ĵ㡣
֪ĺģԺǾ͵ɡ
ܹˣҲøˣٲٹĽ֡
͢ĸͬʱҲϲ֣ѹ־ƾ⺢ܹô㣬ȫΪĸԴ̰
ܷܷȴЩˣ⻰ﻰֻᵽ˸߿֮ǰ飬û˵߿֮ô졣
ѵ߿֮Ҫһ
뵽ͼĸϸٹ¾ĩˣʱܷܷ٣ǽӾƾȥ۶㿴𣿻ٵʱһҶ۶סһʱ䣬Ȼٴܷܷסһʱ䡣˴֮Ҳܶ顣
ðĸ̫ƽˣȫǵˡ
ܷܷȴǳʺһɫЩѿұֳȴԹˡ
֮ǰ˵ҪŮ˵ţŮĻڵ۶ɽأСɽ壿ȻŮȫŮ֮Ժ
׾ƾƾǲôڡ
뵽ܷܷ̲ס̧ͷ˰׾ƾһۣвԹޡ
Ȼ벻ǣ׾ƾƾȻ˼ضղ¶һ
ܷܷһ⣬æתĿ⣬Щţ°׾ƾƲԼĵ⡣
һ룬׾ƾĳˡ
裬סĵ飬ҷһţһҪҪ˵
˵Ŀ˳Ͷ׾ƾƣܷܷҲԾؿ㣬¶ԷҪ˵Լĵ⡣
׾ƾƿ˰ܷܷһֿۣ׸ϱǸ֣裬ȥ˵ĻҪˡܷܷǵŮûκѪԵϵ
ʲô
׸ﲻѣɫ䡣
ô£ǵŮǵŮȥˣ
׸û׾ƾ˵Ǽٻ
ǵĿУ׾ƾƼֱǱŻĴڣ˵ǿ϶Ͳǡ
ܷܷĶˣ֪׾ƾƿܻ˵û뵽Ȼô񶾡
趼뻹
׾ƾƣ֪ռλʮ꣬ܿô꣬Ҳ˵ҵİ費ҵİ裬Ҳ̫˰ɡ
ҪǲϲңҲڵ۶ˡҰְˡ
ܷܷ˵ίʶĸѰο
ĸ׾ƾƣȻɻ󣬵ǲûкָֻº͵Ϊʲôô˵
ðܷܷˬʲôѵָ


136 
׾ƾ΢΢һЦ, ͬһ䵭ŵŵʱӦѾҸ˵
֣͢۵һ˿Ȼ֮ɫ, Ȼ׵Ĺ, ׾ƾƴʼնûκεķɣѹ, Ȼһ, Ǵ޵ĳƺܿ, ⺢ûнԼĸ
ȻԤϣǰ͢ɻЩܡ
Լ, Ҫţ, ӻнǵһ졣
԰׾ƾƵʻ͢Ҳ̹Ȼسˣǵģû, Ͼӱһ£ȻҲҪҲ֪ԼǸʲô״
׾ƾƵͷ, Դ˲飬ֻǵ, ȻڵĹ֪ҵݲֻһô򵥡
ܷܷ̲סЦ, Ǹô, ѵ̽ϲɣ
Ŷ, , ˼Ҳ̽ϣ˼ҿţƺѧʦأ
ڲ˵ģܷܷ̲סĵЦİԼһˣ
ѧʦѵǺ˵
һΰ͢ĸȥҵʱ򣬲ûдϰܷܷȥ֮Ҳûо˵֪Ĺڰ׾ƾƵ飬԰ܷܷһֱΪ׾ƾǸѧʦ¾ġ
֣͢ٴε˵ͷɫЩӣ֪ȥҵʱ򣬸ⲿŵԴʦԴʦҲ㡣
Ȼ㣬ȴ¼ָƣҶ޲ѣѧеĺ֮㡣
Ҳû뵽ѧȻ˳ɫ
ӲšɵڵĿ϶͢Ҳǲ֡
ҲΪ׾ƾôһ˵͢һææ˵еĴʦǳľտƾƣǲҲǴе֪ܷܷĸӣ
⻰һȫ廩Ȼǰܷܷ
û׼ģ͢ô˵źѾ˰׾ƾ˵ĻǼģܻ
ְ֣˵ʲôأ׾ƾ͸һֻǸͨôᶮࣿ㲻Ҫƭˡ
͢ûü˵ʲôȴǼæڻԼŮ˭˵ƾƲࣿǴǳ㡣ȥʣ˭֪ǼҾƾƵһвǮǼҾƾưæأ
Щʱǽ
ֻһ뵽ǰεСﲻԼŮԼŮ⣬Ҳ֪Ǹʲô⾰ֽĲУϽ׾ƾƣƾƣ㵽Ů𣿡
׾ƾεؿҡҡͷĿǰ㲻Ҫҵı֪ģҳġ
صͷͺãǺã㣬϶а취ġ
ܷܷͷҪըˣһѵΪһǰ׾ƾƵĸһʮĸԶ
У˭
ܷܷ̬ըˮ£ĸĻҪѰο
Ϊĸ¼ûпڣӦҲǲŵģ˭֪ԷֻǰοͷȻеض԰׾ƾƵǾƾƣһеô£
⻰ѾĬӵŮ
ܷܷ˶Ҫˣ˼ҵŮҲǸ˼ҵŮ˭Ů
ܷܷкȻʶקס˰ĸ·ǽڶòҰޱȡ
衭
棬ֻʺ£ͺҲ޵С࣬¡
ܷܷ£оƾڣӦҳĸġ
ĸԼʮŮϧֵͬʱҲȻŭ
ΪǼ򵥵ӱĻǾ֤漰ıӸӡ
ʮ꣬ȻԴһ֪ðĸŭ
ܷܷȴǱУʲôʦ˭ʮǸʦ
ǲΪǵŮͺ˵ģôܼȲǵĺҲǵĺأҵ˭ĺӣ
϶ƭǵģһڹռʮλãԲŻҳְ裬ǲҪ
ܷܷôҲֻǸʮĺӣǰѾڱԵ̯һԼ˭ҺӶ±־ʵ˲ͽ߸塣
԰ܷܷĿźĸ˵ûжָ
ϾǶʵ𾪣Ҫ˵ôĺӡ
Ǹܲʵˡ
ǰĸϽ§οҪģƾƿ϶ܹҵĸģҲҲᶪ㲻ܡ
ܷܷˮԹؿ׾ƾƣҲţ϶ƭˡ
׾ƾƵĮؿϵĺ߸һԿϷйӣ֣ɷ졣
ɲǵڻٸϵĺһ
׾ƾü㲻ţûϵҾ¶һָơ
ܷܷӣɵؿ֪׾ƾ˵ʲô˼ô¶һָ
װŪ
һԵйĶ²Ϊǧʮ껥౧ѾѪˣû뵽ȻиѪ飡
Ǿǲ˱˻౧ˣ
⻹ˣ
һ˵Ǯ˼ʱ򣬲ǵ˼䣬һVIPôᷢô׵飿
౧ҲˣŪȷҽԺĻʿǣ
йĽζʱȻһ˶˹ȥôУۣͼԼͻȻڰ֮У֮䡣
һ£֪ʲôȴһ㤵ؿԼĿĶԣ
ʲôΪʲôܼǹ
ǿŵ
Ҵʦ˵ˣ󷨻ûгɹԾҪԼҲҪ±֮а
Ǹʲô
й±ɱ±Ƶľڳļˡ
ܷܷ𾪹󣬼гƲ񷣬йĤҪˡ
׸ĸԼͻȻܹһֻ𾪣Ҳûгֻǲźۼˡ
׸ҲǱ͵һСؽһ£ܷܷļˣû˵ע⡣
͵ʿˮ߶µԼŮĸ첲ƾưȻй
ˣⲻ˵ÿ춼ڸһ
һ;ȥ
׾ƾǲΡΡ֣͵ⲻĹǸǹġ
Լͷϱųĺ˿
ǾͺãǾͺá
ҲǣĹƾƼ˿϶ץģôǵ£
ͨһ֮оˣĸǱߴģ
͢ĸæҡͷְ֣𾪶ãûϵǸͲʶ
Ϸеĺ𾪣١
׾ƾ˵ǸǹģǸǲֻʣô͸Ǵϱأ


137 
⼸, ҲΨع۾İܷܷ֪йǸ˭ġ
ӵɵϴ󣬺Ѫ˿Ծ, ȥֿ¡
û뵽׾ƾƾȻ, ȻǸʦ
֪йһ֪йǸǶ
᲻֪йɱ
뵽, ܷܷ©һ, ܴʱ˿̺ð׾ƾֱӽйˡ
, 취
ĸµض࿴йۣ뵽ʲô, ֣ѿڶ, 㲻ǰֶ𣿡
й֣˸һ
ĸˣ϶˶Էĺùֶӡʡ
ʲô
ܷܷʧɫ, Ǹֶӣôܣôûм
ǰĸĺùۣ˵ǴСŰܷܷ󣬶԰ܷܷҲǳ, ŮǺ滹˸ס
˶˵԰ܷܷȶԼŮҪá
ܷܷĸҲǳ, Ҳǽڶ
ôҲû뵽Լаĸ裬ȻһɧԼйֶӣ
Ҫ, ܷܷô, ûмֶ, ֶðģ
ĸҲ, Ϊܷܷ͵ֶҲ٣һֱŰڹżŻعڡҲȥʱһ棬ӡ󲻴ˣ軹ĺոҿˣҲϳˡ
ܷܷ꣬ݳǸֶӵĻһ֪ǸĸŮΪʲôҪң
ʲôܷܷ㣿
ĸ󣬻Ȼѣ⵽ô£ƾ˵ǸǹģʵǸģǲǣ֪й߸ţ
ܷܷԼ˵©죬ʵ־ŭһתǱ˳ˮֿۣʼરµ
裬û֪֪Ϊʲô𣿾ΪڳңҲŻһ˳
Ҳ֪ΪʲôңҺ¼ˡһûü˵ͳ˱飬ҸӲҡ
ܷܷ޵˫ۺף滨꣬ίð׸ĸŭ֡
ǷŭǰܷܷȥǷ֪Ҳǰ׼ҵŮ֮󣬾͸ֿвң˵һǻΪ׾ƾƻҸϳ׼ңһһУҲٰңϵظϴԣҴӦš˵ֻҪԸͻΪɱ׾ƾơ
̫ˣҸͲ֪ôźáҿȴܿղڳϻҲ졣ĺ°
˵ܷܷ꣬һͷĸĻУ޵Ǹܡ
ĸһͷŭĸʨеŭ·ܽйȼմҪԼĸ޲Լֽ˺顣
ôң
ôҶôıŮ˵ĻôһŮ
ƽʱ˵ֶӢһ˲ţڿֱǽУ⣬ǸŻ
͢˸ȻƾӺ⣬Ǵ󲿷ֵҵڹڣʸ飬͵ǰ׼ҵı
һŮˡ
ȻܶԴһ֪ǰ̲͢סǨŭ
ԼźӶʲ죬ƫƫһͲԼŮ϶ΪԵʡ
ǰҫԼŮƯܸɣֶ֮ӣξѲˡ
׾ƾƿǰ޵滨꣬ʧɫڰĸĻУͺܾСèһİܷܷɫֻǽĿͶǸܷܷ˵ʮйϡ
йҲʻûüоԼôͱЩ˿˰ܷܷⷬԲıףϹ˵
ܷܷӰĸĻ̧ƴСط˵Ĳԣﲻԣ
ѵڳңҳ𣿡
ѵڵ֪Ұ費֮˵ǲٰһƫİ׾ƾ𣿡
ѵһֱ˵Ҫҽ˰׾ƾƣȻҳΪ𣿡
һѵ˵𣿵аٻҾú𣿡
˵Щû˵˵㵫κһٻͻó𣿡
ܷܷһʣ˵ʿ˵ƿԣ޷粵
Ϊܷܷ˵ģԲų˳˵Ű׸ĸɱ׾ƾΪӦΪš
һ׮׮һԼɵģȷʵûκα粵ء
ܾﲻԡ
˵֮ʱ粵һ仰ӣܷܷ۵һ˿⣬Ťͷ˽˰ĸĻУڰ
ְҴˣҲΪһʱ㱣йĻǸʱ̫ˣԲŻʧȥǡְԭҡ
ʹ֮涵ؿ׾ƾƣԷվǶľͬðͷĴһ㣬ഺ磬ڷϵûκεı䶯
һԵİ׸¶һ۵ı飬ǰ׾ƾȴɫȥʱǻ¶һĨǳЦ⡣
ܷܷôôöԷڳһ
һ٣ǰԼԭƻȥ
ƾƶԲҹϣŻ׾ٵشӦйҪ˺㡣̫Բˡ㾾йһȥڰôĽ̵
˵ţܷܷصͷʵְ֪ˣһ뿪׼ңʰٴǡҲǵĺӣǸӡֻϣδĳһ죬Ƿܹ֮˵һҲҵǣҲ±һа谮ĺӡ
һʵ׸ĸĻǵйĴڣ۶ίİܷܷæǰοұʾһжйĴûйϵҪھΣҲϡ
ܷܷ޵滨꣬ĸû֮˽ĻУ޵øΪ
ܻعŷܷܷǰʯϴԼ
ҪԼûô˼ôܹƻˡ
ŭغеܷܷôô˵ղڳϵʱ˭͵ؽҸ˰׾ƾƣڿ׾ƾֶΣ֪ˣװɡİ˭㣿
㿴׾ƾƣı鶼û֪һ˵ġ
ŷʵһһӾͽⱯݵķΧɢһɶ
ĸ̧׵ۿһԵİ׾ƾƣȻͬ˵ϲԹɫ
ڰܷܷղŵƺûиκεĲ
ղй˵ĻڳʱܷܷҪŪƾơ
һۣŰܷܷ֣Ҳʶ˻ȥ
ܷܷȻһţйôô졣
ѾҪѾŤתˡ
ɶ


138 
ƾƶԲ, Ĳǹģֻ̫ˣԲŻйĹƻ, ͬô
ĺ°ְ᲻Ҫ, Һ»һûҪĺӡ֪ˣԭһΡҲ֪, 㲻ԭҲӦõġ
Ͼô, ҾȻҪ, Ĳˡ
ܷܷʹ޳ڲĸ֮, ٴδ˸ơ
Уĸʹ, һϲ׼ټӰڰĸʮôĸ飬ôܻһһϦоʧĸɸɾ
ֻҪ߹ȥ, һжġ
֮󣬳̧ٴο׾ƾ, ȴԷЦЦԼ۵׾ζЦ, ˫ͺܹ͸һ㣬ðܷܷûԾ
׾ƾһ, ΪʲôܹѹȸУ
ѵΪνĴʦ𣿣
ɶ
֪ıµĻ, ܷܷŲйһ, ⲻ·
Ҫ, ȻνĴʦС˵ӾֲûҪĴʦԸ㶯ֽžܽܡ
Ҫǵ˰׾ƾƣôĶ֪
٣ǽ˾ģ
Űܷܷǿ޵滨꣬һ֪Լ˵ϱ֣йȴͻȻЦô֪ˣ֪ˣҸˡǱΪ鿪ʼѾˡ
ĸĸ׵ģ˵ҪԼĺӣǸĴİɡ
ʹЦЦɭɭؿĸŮܷܷڿ޵ôʵУΪ֪ԼŮ׾ƾơ׾вʲôʦ֪ҵĴڣ⻨ˡЫĳССͣĻءҪǻ˵Ļǰ׵ˡ
Ů׾ƾƣһԣ϶ǵı֡
վ˰ܷܷʧⱲҲͲٻŮԭ¡
ĸ׹˵æ׾ƾƣҪס֣ȴ׾ƾԱŲŲһðĸǻȻΪǱй˵С
ΪûʼͳάԼŮ˸ʮİܷܷѹ־ƾƻΌ
ĸһӾ͵ƾƣԲ㣬û뵽ܷܷ߾Ȼһйû뵽Ȼ뷨Ҫ㡣
˵ʱ򣬰ĸҲʹ飬޵·ҪʵİܷܷսʤУʲôʱйвġ
ܷܷйѲͬʱҲΪʲô׾ƾƻ֣
ǹѽΪʦ׾ƾƲӦ
С˵һʱ䡣
йȴǲһ䣬ǲϵذοҵ׾ƾƣҲͽԶǵŮ֮ǰ
ܷܷʶȹڣ΢΢ͷԹڸ£ˣҪ졣
Ѿؾᣬֻ˵ʱˡ
ⲻŸҩ
͢ɫѿԼҸŵԶŮ֮㻹ǲΣйĻҪ˺ƾ𣿡
ܷܷһԽԽ󣬼Ҳ̧ͷͬزסˮͷֱ
裬Ǹʱ˶µģûȥ˵ʲôйңҸû취˼֪Ҵˣ֪̫ˣ̫ˣȻ뺦ƾƣҶԲǵࡣҪҪԣǲҪңҲûйϵġ
ܷܷ˵ĿͰͣΪһ˫۾ʹؿĸ͢޵Ŀ˵
׸֮ǰŮۣڸղŵһԻҲ
ⶼʲô£
ǼҾƾӦǽʳǧС㣬Сɽʮ꣬ȫǿӡ
ҪǾƾѧ汾£¾׼ףƾƶпܻйС
һĲס
ôһ㣬һûйӡ
뵽ĶҪˣŮô̯飿
Ҳ֪ĸ಻壬һŮʱߣŮʮĸȱڣΪζԾƾ·С
ʱһãλʣ֣
۵ס˰׾ƾƵ֣ϧƾƱ£أԲܻκ˺㣬ҪǲԸǣҲߵġ
׾ƾһĿתûΪĸ̬ȶκεѹ
ԭͲ֪ԼŮȻĸûκεĸ
׾ƾԼܻС
԰׸ãһΪ̳ԭǵУ˶ʵĺã԰׾ƾȻͶұ
ˣһ㶼⡣
ܷܷ˵ô࣬ô࣬о͸Сһ㣬۵׵ƱƵһ
Ǹйҧһë
Ϊܻʴ
׾ƾȷʵֱӴйǺܺйĴʦ
ϸܷܷԵߺ֮ǰϵһģһ
˵ı֮˾֮ǰڤ鰸ӵĻס
֮ǰûץҲͰˣھˣ׾ƾҪǲʲôܾе
ֱ˵ؿڣŰ׸ĸҶǲպҪܷܷûȤҲǲǼҪסڰ׼ҡҵĿУİ衣
˵ţ׾ƾƿ׸ԸϣǾϣҪǲԸ⣬Ҳա׵͵ΪֹұȽϸȤй顣
͢ĸ⻰ĸҲԽÿ϶ΪԼղ˰ܷܷһ߿࣬ƫ˰ܷܷܵ˺Ů׾ƾơ
Ծƾˣ㲻ʲô衣
ĻңæƾԲ㣬㲻ҪҪǲϲܷܷڼҵĻǿԽ͵𴦾ס
ֻǵڶûҵѾͷĸҲֱӰ˾͸ϳȥ
ĸҲĺ
׾ƾƿ˰ĸһۣصͷ
㡣
򵥵ðĸЩϲֻҪƾԸǾ֤ǻϣġ
ջĿ⣬ܷܷܷܷƯıҧԼĴһȷ·ҪѪһ㣬˫ŵؿĸ
ĸ̾˿ܷܷص۶֮Ͱȥɣһ˺úչ㡣ҵĸ֮ҲϽ֪ͨ㣬һܹžۡ
ܷܷսȭͷ޼ķǳָǶУĺ⣬ȴֻǲŴ꣬ſǻʾ֪ˡ
֪ҴˣǸӣ裬ص۶֮һ뿪ģֻϣܸҡ
˵ı΢ᣬĸͷҲѹ
Ѿ˺ԼŮͲؼ˺ֻǱ۾ȥ
һĻðܷܷĳ˹ȵףĵϢ˹ؿΪʲôѵѪԵϵôҪ
ʮĸŮʮ꣬ʮѵȲֻһİ׾ƾ
ǿЦ


139 
ܷܷ׾ƾؾ, ˲ʹӰ׼ǧ˹¿СЩЩ¡
˵ǰܷܷû취ٰеⶼƵϡ
µǰ׾ƾƺĻҪ֡
׾ƾƲһС
ˣڸ˵˵ˡ
׾ƾȤؿ, ֻڷ֮ػζʡ
ǧ𻥻ĹѪ¼, Ȼڤ鰸ĸ˼
ôӴģĻ֮˾ͬһ
, ú˵, ΪʲôҪܷܷôɹģûв֣֪֪
ĸ˵Ǻ֮ǡ
ܷܷվڰĸһ, ˫Թؿй޲ý̻
, Ķ߿ţҲֵز
׾ƾ, йҲѴ̡
йһת뿪ڣȴ׾ƾƯ˫һ㣬ӡɿ, ˿ۻңһ룬йֻͷʹѡ
ԴҪըһ㡣
ҹ, Ҳûʹ
ʹڵϴ, ð׾ƾͣ¡
û㣬ûп˵һ仰
ʾԼίˣҪѻûü, ׾ƾƾʲô
׾ƾƹ˹, ͬ΢һ, Żʵ, ôһƨ˷ʱ䡣һֱӾ͹Թʡ˺ܶ飿
ֱҪѪΡΡ̧ͷҷɣһŤĶҪϵϿֲƬˡ
ڳŵ̲סгǰĸļĻ棬ֱǳֳ
˵ĸǲ¶ˣʾǳġ
Ϊʵģŵ˯ž׾ƾΪޣ˵ͺݺݵسһ£ٴβҽг
Ұȥ
һεʹղŵʹȫһ
ղŵͷʹͺһڱ޳ʹǾͺպ۵ĻᶼûС
úúãұ䣬ұ䣬ұģ㲻Ҫٴҡ
ȻᣬҲˡ
ų֣Ű׾ƾƾͺʲôɱһ㡣
Ļиղŵǵ֮飬޲ԶԶġ
֪׾ƾôѸ㣬ô£Ϊʲô벻ҪŰܷܷ
ⲻֿ
ɬĺܣоԼ뻢ڡ
׶й׾ƾسһ£˳ظղŵģڳͨͨ˿ͬʱٴ׾ƾƵı¡
Ц۾ҼҾƾƾǰ
ĸ͢Ҳǵһμʶ׾ƾƵ͡
ͷûκζȴйãܡ
һ˵ֶΣ
ǼĴʦһ͡
ѹֵ븸׷ѹǸɽԴʦҲ޲ѡ
׸ĸнޱȣһ뵽Щ飬̲סήˡ
ڰ˵˵ɡ
׾ƾ˹ؿڣ¸׸а׸ĸ˱ˮ
ڰܷܷҪˮĻԼ
ܷܷˬУĸð׾ƾƸˮ
˵˵
һѱһᣬ˿ҵؽԼϷˡ
ڹʱľͺˣһλعͬרЩطꡣ
Ůpartyһ͸һ
һ·ϳҲΪͨȾƲμpartyͷԲ£һλСһܳ
;г⣬
ˣǸҲˡ
֮ʶһֱԺģֱĳһ죬ƮƮͻȻƮԼ
Լİ裬һͲĴʦ
ʱϲֿЦҪֱȴִ˸ա
ǸϽһԵĴʦϣʦܹæ
ʶһжϡͿģʶѾ֪ԼѾˡ
Ϊʲôڼأ
ǰʦһͣʲŵ֪Եɡ
ԭʹ֮ѯȦĴʦҪټһ档
˭֪Ǵʦ汾£ǣ
ŸĸȻϲ񣬲ܶǮǶԸ⸶ֻϣܹȻ
ʦǸһڤ顣
ѡһּŮˣڤ飬ϴʦԴ󷨣ɷ֮󣬾Ů˵ؽתϡ
ʬȻڳֳѾ·Ҳ̶ãǾʦ֣Ѿ޸ͦõġ
ʦ˵ֻҪҵǸŮˣ󷨣ɵرˣǹ
˵ģ׷׾صɴ۾
Ϊܺߣܷܷŭɶ²ѡ
ԭΪйֻǼɫ⣬û뵽ԼȻ
ΪֻҪɫȴû뵽ֱҪ
ܷܷͿӵģòί
ôǵˣҪңڴ֮ǰûô֪ҵֵģ
ĸЩ۵֣ͬʱҲǳ顣
ԣǴ֪ģѲģ
֮⣬ĸ벻ʲô;ܹǸʴϹϵ
ŷʱʾԼҲ
λʦָֻһ㣬һ֣ȻҰȥҡ
ҵֶӦŮ˺ټŮ˵ͷѪҺָףôڤܽɡ
ֲṩģǴʦģĸæʵ
ŷʵͷûһΪǴ룬ûãõ˵ͷȻʦ͸ҿ̳ڤ鶨ܸ֪ܷܷ֮Ĵڡڴʦİ£ҲҪֻںҹгûҲ֮¡ұȥ˰ܷܷ֮ǱҲ֪ˡ
ĸһôô񶾵ĴʦЩ캦顣
޹أŭһҡ
ȵȲԣ޹صĻʵôõܷܷͷģ
ʱ򣬰ܷܷȴǲ԰뵽ʲôȻ裬㻹ǲǵãҳ֮ǰȥһ˸ҡӹһֻǳƯķصظͷҽдȥǲǣǴԸܹõҵͷ
ĸ󣬵һĵŭӿ
ʮĸ飬ôŮ
ĺ޲ھʹ绰ȥΪʲôĺ
ʱ򣬰ĸֻˡ
óһȻ硣
ĸЦȻҴ绰
ܷܷˣͬЩ
˵һǳҪˡ
ȴԼ⵽Ϊʲô
ӶĴðܷܷʼ


140 
ĸմӵ绰⵽Ϊʲôʱ, ׾ƾȴǿڵװ̣ȲҪ嶯, , ȿʲô顣ԵĻ, ׻
ĸ, Ĺһ, Ϊĳ̫һʱҲûȥƽϰ׾ƾƺװ顣
͢Ȼ, Ҳֻ΢΢üͷûз
ͨ绰ź, ĸ˿ǿԼȽƽͣι, ôˣ
ֻͷʵһҶȥˣҽܷܷ, ǹܼ˵Ƕڡ
ļˣܷܷôͻȻ˳ҲûңҪҵĻ, ʹηɻˡ
ᵽܷܷ£ĸﰵ⻹ֶӸɵĺ, Ҫٴȱˣ
, ظ, ûʲô, ǲ˵ƤѾҽָĻպȥˣûڼҡ
ȥļҽԺ飿ھ͹ȥ
Ǻεĵģֻܷܷ÷̵ĺܡ
ôĻΪʲôҪͷֶӣ
ⲻǻǸû
ĸæ˸ھܾȻ󷴿Ϊ˵ԼҽԺֶӣϸһʵòѯǲ
ҼǵǰʱҺֻӡԽʱҲϡǲǳʲô£ȥġ
ȴҲؾͷϵܣܻҵֶӡ
ôأ㶼û绰ء
ĸЩҧгݵطʣЩ
ܸղŴӦ˰׾ƾƲٰ̫˼ڰܷܷϣΪ˺˰ܷܷʹġ
ʮĸˣܷܷҲʮĸ裬ôôأ
ԼֶҪѵܷܷͲҪ
ɲܣ֪ܲ𣿻Ϊֶͳˡ
˹ȻܳҽԺ붼룬ĸĿ϶ֶʡ
˵֣ɩ֮ǰ˵ĴʦѾһʱˣôоûʲô
λˣҲô绰ȥúʡ
ţ԰ĸȻǻĻҸúչܷܷˡ
ĸЦȴӦĺúõġ
ʱͻȻֻͷϤϸϸģų裬绰˵㣬ֻһֱͨͨ
󣬲ͷؿߵСѾͷһۣˣ֪ˡҴ͸ص绰
õ衣
ͷӦŰĸɩӹ£ҾȲˡ
ĸһ˵ɩӶ״ɩ֮ûʲôҪЩʲôҲʲ
˵绰󣬰ĸֻּţϽ׾ƾƣƾʲô𣿡
׾ƾ˼װĺƺֶ֪ܷܷӽڤ飬ȻĻҲôܷܷ
ڲŸձҾģڴ֮ǰңĺܡҲ֪ҵˣԾͲ绰̽˼ڡˣĲֶ֪ܷܷӽ˻飬Ҳ֪ڷʲô
ĸһҲЩˣҲǲ֪ܷܷͷǱ˭ߵģ
ܷܷҲشӱѹ̲סѵʵڸõ𣿡
֪֪ҵ֣֪ҸĹϵã׼ʱǰҵͷ
оƺ˵ͨ
׾ƾƵͷǹͬ˰ܷܷĿ
ڵϢ㻹٣Һȷظ˵Щʲô
ܷܷȴͻȻܳ㲻Ǵʦ𣿴ʦǿ׼𣿲Ȼ㿴һ¸࣬ɵؾܵõ𣿡
׾ƾЦЦ򵥣໹û浽ֵزҪҿĻҲ԰㿴һ
ȻҪûյͼƬ
£׾ƾԸоֻܷܷĶһ٣ŮĿܻûա
ǰĸɴصݳԼֻҸնյģȫԭ⻹Ļб˸ĵĺգҲǲյģ㿴
õġ
׾ƾƽӹֻƬһˡ
ôˣ
׾ƾЦЦƵƵƬֿܷܷĶðĸĪƤֱΪʲôƾƻ¶̬
׾ƾƽֻ˰ĸĿڰܷܷϢȴϣȻȷʵûпǲǸйأҿһ㶫
ʲô
ܷܷϰ׾ƾǺܹĵ۾͵Ŀһ£ܸоʲôõҪ
֪ģҶʶˣһ۾֪˴֮ûѪԵϵǲĸŮ
ܷܷԽԽţ̲ס³شϰ׾ƾƵĻ㲻Ҫ˵Щеûģֻ˵пʲô
ǰ͢ü΢Ƕʲô
ŵؿ׾ƾƣɳƾƣ˼ܷܷĸŮ
֮ѪԵϵ
ʲôⲻܣ
ܷܷУôܣֻǸ裬ôܻͻȻҵĸף
ĸҲʵһ˲ֻû찵أ㱲ѡ
ôܻ
ǣȷʵһŸܷܷһСŮ㡣
ƽ㣬ûжŮãŮġ
ÿȥңѾͷӵվڽ䣬ô˵ʹͷȥԸرĵӡ
ʱĸ˶̲סЩۡ
ǵСʱͲôϲƺΪּŮĹϵϹΪôֻһŮҲǳŮϡ
ɺ޹ġ
ĸΪ»˵ΣԽԽټ㡣
Ǳ˼ҵĺӣĸۣҲ㡣
ԼŮռķȥҲټ֣ĸҲûôϡ
żҲɻ󣬼ȻŮĻΪʲôŮôϲ
Ļ˲ϲԼŮϲ˼ҵŮ
ȴ񲦿Щʲô
ϲ㣬ǲΪͲŮϲܷܷΪܷܷĺӣ
㡪
ĸĺһϣò׸ĺӰɣ
ĸ΢ð׾ƾƿһƬ֤ʵһǲǰ׸ĺӡ
ǵֻʱûƬ
ûһĹգҲûиһȥȦûӣȦﵹȫǰܷܷƬ
һ뵽ĸֻضʧɫҪˡ
ô
ĸһŬ˳˼·ʼǾƾƸ㱻˵ĺùģѾߵ㻻Ůܷܷ
ȴ֪Ůƾͱ˵
ȥѰ׸ĺӴߣ⸱Сųӡ
ǣͲ֪㲻ĺӣΪŮ
Ҳ˵˽ĵģǹģ
ʲôʲôԹĺ⣿
ĸ벻ס
ôĹۣȻ飡
ȻԼôƺûܿ͸ۡ
Ц


141 
ܵ, ܵģܵģôҵĸ, ôܣ
ܷܷ, ȫ޷ʵȽ׸ԼĸҪܡ
ǴõŮ, Ȼũ˼, ǰĸڶĸ, ϶Ჹһǵĺ, ôҲԿǮƷ϶
Ů, һжһˡ
ɵӣӸղһҲóһۣǾ㻥
ʱΪǰĸŮȴǲ֪Ůͱ˻һ֡
ų, ΢ԸΪǰĸŮǰ£ʹ԰ĸ
˵ǰĸ˵Ů
һ, ĸôܻϧ۰
ղڰ׾ƾƵĹƻ£˶ѾҪϵ, Ѿת䣬׸ĸ϶Խ
ϾŮ
֪࣬Ǻݼ, ȫû취ȥĸϧ
ֻʼϧ, ԽԽ, ԽԽ
ǰܷܷԽܵġ
ؤĺӶð
Ϊʲôĺ, Ϊʲô׵ĺӣ
ΪʲôҪһЦ
ܷܷץס˰ĸ֣棬˫ͨ죬ƴĸҪŰ׾ƾƵĻ裬һģⲻģҲǸĺӣһǼٵġ
ĸ˫۳죬ؿſ޵ĲԼİܷܷȫ֪ʲô̬
֪ܷܷ޹ģʲôҲܺߡ
ͬʱҲŮ
ѪҺðĸòҲ
ڵһʱ任׸ŮôŮ׾ƾƵ״
ôŮͻᱻһţԱų϶ԼǸ׸
ֻҪһ뵽ĸľ͸Ƶġ
㱵ؿ׾ƾƣΪʲôΪʲôҸôĸ飬ô
׾ƾƿŰĸʹⱳѵģ΢΢ҡҡͷĿǰ˵Ҳ֪ǰװӦ֪ϣһкܶԭġ
Ϊ޵ĺãΪãпΪ˼СǼǼ˹ñá
͢ú޺޵ִһӣû뵽Ȼˣ
׸㷲ǲ̫׷ʲôԼҵǵŮ
ƾƣʲô
ϰ£ʶرڰ׾ƾơ
׾ƾƳһ˵һ£֪ԼŮ˭֮ЩˣͬʱЩǡ
ΪղŰĸıֱ֪лЩʲô
֣ҵŮû°ɣΪʲôҪôɥĲ飿
ĸ֣Բ𣬶Բǣ㡣ǶԲ𣡡
͢һͨ򸾣Ϊǰ׼ңôܻǵŮǣ
ԭһӦùͨȴƽҸΪǣ
Ѿϡ
ȴһİ׾ƾƣðĸ޷ǡ
ڰĸǸ֮У׸׷ʲôҲΪʲôĸôھΣΪǵŮҲǱǸĺӣĺӣֱʲôų΢Ը۵һӾӿ˳
ô˵ĺӾͲǺôµȥ֣ϲӾͺˣΪʲôҪںӣ
׸Ҳۿʪ󣬳˲עĨһ۽ˮ
δıŮȻԴǸŮǸ
ôܹộ
׾ƾסļ򣬲סذοģµġǰһúõĴְ֪жమаְڣ϶ǰ˵ˣڣҲỤñ۸ġ
һֻҪƫұܱһƽǡ
ǰ׾ƾƸĳŵҲȷʵû뵽ĸŮȻҵ
Ǹʱ׸ȷʵΪ׼ǧĸĺӡ
û뵽оȻǣһ׮ı
ȻǮ˼ңƨ¶ࡣ
׾ƾưµʱľЩǮˣǮǸۣ˾ùѪ
㣬㣬ƾƣҪúðһ㡣
ʲôʱϵ۶ʲôʱȥ㣬ӻ
ͬȹϵϼת޲ھ
͢ڵǿϾߣ棬ͽ˶ɻƱ
úúãھߡ
׸ҲȲصͷŮôίǺ޲ھͳȥݺݸǸһơ
һ˼Ҵҵ˳Ȼ˵㣬ǴҶûκεԹԣֻȥ۶
⿴ֵĴ׼һ˼Ҵҵϳ뿪۷׷ס
׸ˣôǮѣָͷ¶͹ǳԵˡ
ɲټôܸɵŮƾѾͷһһ˵Ļ׬˲Ǯ
˵бµĶܳԵ㡣

ϵ۶ʱѾǰ
һ˷糾ͣꤡ
׸ĸȽǴ˰׼ң֪ＱҲǣǲóóȻ͹ȥһҪպȷ֤ݣֲҵһλǺӵǸ˵˭ڶûнҲȷǱ岻
˵һҪ
͢Ҳ֪Լܼ˼ҵļƻ
ȨƣЩƶСϰҪĸǸϣ»ֲ˺á
˶ڰͥĻҲû飬ֻǵͷԣѾͷþƾϸǲǵŮǵĻǾҪ
ĸͷԵģûھʹ绰þƾƿһ
׾ƾƵ˵ͷԡ
֮˳㻹ʸܷܷڤһ£ܲȫ֪Ǹ֪ľҲ֪
ʣ걻׾ƾ˷֮УԼĶ
ֻڤ֮£ȥȥĵط
ʱڷ֮дУ֡
ǳ˰׾ƾ֮⣬ûκܹ
׾ƾƾֵķˣһȥͳֻһֻ쳤˲Ӳ˻Ѽӣ˻ߣȴʲô˵
ܷܷ겻شһԣĲ
ӻڣ׸ĸûٸ˵ʲôûаο
ǵȫԷϣһȷһҡ֮ĹϵجξҪˡ
뵽ܷܷ̲ס棬ΪʲôҪ
ûκεĴ£ΪʲôҪشۣ
ⶼΪʲôѽ


142 
֮, ĸ˵绰
ס˰׾ƾƵ֣ǳš
׾ƾֱο, , ģء
Ĳɵصͷ, ȻضŰĸ
ĸһͨ绰, ſڵ, ҸܷܷˣҼһԸ
ͦ˵, һĸ˵ҪһЩ, ö˶˵ĴǸѾͷʲô
ĸŵѾͷֱĿ˵
һӾ;һҪ
ĸšüͷ˸, ⲻǺþûм˵ܷܷˣڼģͬѧҪϿ, ͬľֻһˣ, Ŀġ
ܷܷأ⻹ġ
˵ţĸܷܷʾһ, ܷܷ, ˵
ܷܷصؽӹֻ, Υĸ˼, Щͳ裬ңˡ
һ˵ͬ⣬УѾͷúˣܡоˣǲȻۣ
Űܷܷһٵ꺮ʣԱղᵽʱһһѾͷĮ֣˰׾ƾƵĻ
Ҫû⣬ܰԼͷƤߡ
ܷܷĹػǰ϶Ĳѣ˵ԽԽԽֻԽ£ੲݵοʣ졣
ĸӹ绰˵Ϲʱ䣬ͨ
ˣѾ㶨ô͵ˡ
˵ͷѵظԻ˷䡣
ϰ˵ʱ򣬰׾ƾƵķű졣
µ˷ţͼܷܷ˫ͨվſڣؿ
׾ƾüĸƵİܷܷ۾ۡ
£
ܷܷ죬֣׾ƾƼһԾ׼ŵʱŵֵסʲô
׾ƾƺЦؿ⻰ӦŶԣҿţȴֻǿҲشҪʲô
ܷܷ¶ð׾ƾƿԿ۵ı飬ޱαװûκδڣûҪϷĵط
ܷܷẬûü£ͱ׾ƾƵһ˻ȥ
㡭
Щŭ׾ƾûĵѵͲͬڵ𣿡
׾ƾƣ
ѵЩ±ƵصԲһ˫۾žͺܵŵСèһ㣬Ǻܿ죬ЦЦ
ܷܷҪͬڵҾͲ˵˵Ļ㣬Ҳøͬ𣿻˵˾Ҫͬı㡣
ʮʳ󣬼ͥϵĸã˵˵ʲôֵͬģ
Ҫ˵ЩЦĻҵĶ䡣
ܷܷ˵ɫһһףðβŵܲܰң
ݶû˵ͱ׾ƾֱӾܾܡ
ҭһµİֱܷܷѪô
׾ƾٸԿаļǧ˵ʲô֮ǰɵ׾ƾƶûˣðͷǾԼӹ̫
ҽʱ˿̵ĿĻ鷳ת뿪ҪϢ
㡭
ܻİܷܷؿŰ׾ƾѵһţ
Ұ׾ƾƣʵð׾ƾֻͬҪվԼ߰˵˵ôĸͲˡ
ǰ׾ƾôСۣȻǰﲻˡ
ܷܷػصԼķ䣬ĵѰ
绰һеǲģԼôһ򣬵ʱֳ顣
ֲҡ
ԥԥ֪һҹôȥˡ
ܷܷһҹǰ˯ѣշת࣬ʱȦȴè
Ӧ˵˰׾ƾ֮⣬ȫһήңһƾ֪û˯á
緹ʱҲ겻ᣬƵؿֱֻĬĬصȴʱĵ
ŵӺ׼ʱش˰׼ҡ
㴩ɫȹӣɢͷʹͷಽŵɳ£̧ͷ
ֱĸкС¶űڸǵϸӬ˵ʱ˸
ڼܱô˶ֱؿʱԵزԽѰ
׾ƾע⵽ֲϵȹڣǲŵı֡
˵ﲢϤҪĵط
ı֣̲סҪǰǱ׸ˣһ̡
ͷʰ׾ƾǲǵŮ
׾ƾƿ϶ص˵ͷǵġ
ĸҲһֱעŰ׾ƾƵͷˣĵǹɺҲ˲ϯ
ԼǰŰܷܷ֣ϵѯŵʱʲô飬ǵ޲ֱϵˮͷϽȥ
Ůôôߣ
ĸǿѹסŭôһʡ
ܷܷȱߵĸʻ֮ʶض˶˵棬شѹ㣬Ķᵽɤۡ
ססס죡
Ѿͷôԣô̶ᣬ˵˼Ҫ𣬺һ尢̲𣿡
һǺŶ˵ġ
㵥ʨӺ֮ʶض˶ȻµĲС
̲סĵļ尾ֱӵôģԼŮۣ۱˵Ůò᲻Ůɣ
ãɫ΢䣬ŽĿͶԼδϡ
˭ѽôݵģݣ
ĸָҲݡ
󣬻Ϊǰĸµģʣ⴩ţ׵ľӡ
ڰĸϣǿΪŮûаŴҡǿܷܷƯֳɫôŮһ룬ҲôװͰ͵Ķ˵ҲΪáӾСҶ˵˵Ӻܿͻġ
ôûʵһڳǱЦˡ
׾ƾ󣬸ЦһЦע⡣
ղŽʱһֱǰܷܷԸûĸߵļˡ
ôһͱһ⣬ôôĺѣ
ŵǶ֮䷴׾ƾƹ˹ôǲǾҸ񣿡
죬˵֡
һ룬׾ƾ˵ĻȴֱͷϣΪŮҸȻ񡣡
㱧ߵǸʵĸĺӣϸҵĸ㲻Ǹ𣿡
һϵĲ豭ҵϣ˾޴졣
ԭһŬҪԼĴڸеֵ̧ͷŸղԼʲô
ƯСղ˵ʲô
ʲôǰװ̵ŮʲôԱһԷ޵ĺӣ
⵽Ƿʲôһô
ڿЦ
ܷܷɫɷ׵شǶֻ˶֡


143 
ڿʲôЦܷܷǰ׼ҵǧ, Ǵĸðģ
Ȼĸֲ꣬̿ܿͽǻǿƵѹȥ, κ˷, ΪŤͷĸ, , ˵ܷܷĺ, ôվſܷܷ۸𣿡
⵽ô£
Ű׾ƾŭĿӣŰĸǺɸ, ·ԷѣȻĻѻһ
۵ؿܷܷ, 밲οȴܷܷ԰ףɫ㱣ǻɢȥĲ
͵ľͿһ, Ĵ̧۲Ŀĸ͢, а׾ƾԼһԴͬũһİ׸򸾡
ղųúĳѾͷ˵ʲô
˵Լŵĺӣ˵Ϣĵķ޵ĺӣ
ôܣ

뵽ʲô, ̲סһĿϲϵǻãȻ
ô᣿ô᳤ô
׾ƾƸĸҲ, ôҲİ˳ô
⡭
ʱ˿ľͺϿһ尾ĲС
, ô벻ĸڳ, һ׼ķǳ, ôӱˣ
ô
죬ɫɷףղŻǿŵĵһкǧʲôʣ
ĸضӸղŵָʹڶ·԰Ц͵ľһӣǾҵŵһ¡
˰ɣһжġ㻻ҵŮ޹˵ĺǣУôôɥĲ񣿡
ŮŮѵ˵ĺӾͲǺ𣿣
ĸгʹôĸ飬Ҵûˡ⵽ΪʲôѽԲ㣿
Ŵ꣬ŰĸʹŭԼŬƱ磬ƴͣţ˵û顣ϳ˶ȥˣôΪƵĳΪܷܷĺأ
ĸˣʧ͸㵽ʱˣȻڽƱ硣
㲻֪ɣǵ۶ʱѾ˺ǵѪҺȥӼˡȻĸòǰܷܷŮƾƵõݾǱ
ĸ֪һ棬İܷܷһһ㶣ʶѿڶ裬ʲôʱȥӱ棿ô֪
Сɽص۶۳Ͷѣس͸ԻطϢˡ
ûĸ˵ҪȥӼ
׾ƾƷŵʱ򣬰׾ƾҲûκε
ĸؿ˰ܷܷһۣӼǺȻǵŮԼԷһҲǾƾҪġ
ܷܷĿ㵵ڰ׾ƾϣ׾ƾƳЦЦҷŵǰӰɡ
ôܾӼѵǺ𣿼ȷˣǻҪԷһѽҴ㻹ӼҲҪġ˱Ū˶عԭλ
ܷܷ¶ֻʵЦûУֻ֣ôû˸ң
׾ƾɫԼеķֶʡ
һϷʱĲûκεĳԹ뷨ԽĲ
ܸоԼĽ־ͿҪˡ
ΪʲôҪ㣿
׾ƾ赭дһ䷴ʣðܷܷƷΪʲôҪΪʲôܸ
ŶõĹ򣬰׸ĸѾĸ
ܷܷʹһԵҲЩãŵؿܷܷʹѵܷܷҲ֪ʲô
̧ܷܷԼʹֵ۵׵Թ¶ɣԣ֪֪ҲǰְŮ֪ԭҲĺӡҸ֪ٿһУ㻻һ㣬˰׾ƾơ
㵽ʲôΪʲôҪôʲôôΪʲôҪݻҵ
ܷܷʵǼȻΪʲôѺۼȫɾΪʲôֱӾŪ׾ƾƣΪʲôҪе
ܣܵŰ׸ĸЩ
ֻʹذĸʣΪʲôҪĴ¡
İŮԹޣĶһƷѣټ֤ɽûӲڰΪá׼ҾһӶжãѵû𣿡
ٿּңԴ֪һŮ֮ûҹɫΪһ˶˼ֳ˶ҩȥ˶ҽԺ㿴ӱ΢ųҵĹ֮⣬ѵּûκһݹּңͻǵڶ㡣˭ָҾ㲻ܣ
ҾһжΪãĶΪܹҸֵسϣԶûκεʹ뷳ա
£ȫǰܷܷ˵Ļģᡣ
ȭȭ⣬ܷܷû˵ʲôȴ˴شһ˾Ļ档
Цðּܷܷʹ࣬ñ˵Ůʹ𣿿һĸĳ
⻰ƭƭСӾˣƭƭǣǲǰǵɵˣ
ҪֻΪ˰ܷܷܹúõĻΪʲôҪô񶾵ضԴ㣿ΪǸʱΪ滻ҵĺӣ󲿷ԭɲ˵ɡ
׾ƾĻһͷʹ޵ĸŮˣݵ̧ͷ˫ͨ죬˺Ѫ˿Ʊ磬ǰ׾ƾȴᡣ
ŶˣһҲͦģİܷܷĻΪʲôҪֶڤأ˵˵㰮ŮҪ𣿡
ʲô
ʧɫ׾ƾ˵ֶӻڤֵʱѾȻ֡
˰׾ƾƻе˼ֻӽ
ô£Ϊʲôֶ֪ڤ飬ô˵ֶӸŮڤ飿
ҸҴɩͷˡ
仰ҲһƬֱֻ֮˵˳Ҳܲˣֱ˹ȥִ֡
⧲ץסͷݺݵ޶һѣ۵һѡ
ס֣ס֡
ûȥҶԭλĮؿš
Ψܷܷ֣뵽ĺĬĬջ֡
׾ƾƵǲģΪũ־ŵũ֪Ҫ١
ϾǱѹķݡ
ֱףͷҲüѣǿ滺һЩͷһվԭأѾãȻ֪㡣
һӾð˳ɱȥ֣ʣӣ谡衣£ڣ񶾵ŮҲ۸ˡ
㲻ؿǰİŮˣȻİŮɢ⣬¶۰ȴδġ
ЩΪԸȴû˵һ仰ĬĬصʹͷֻһֱ΢΢


144 
ش, ȴֻһֵ̿һ˫۾µĬĬͷһԣľͺ񱻵Ƶܡ
úһŮͱ, Ͳˡ
ôԴ㣿
ԽԽ, ԽԽɿ, ȥ˵, ˺򲻶ϡ
ò״, ûܻعֱһͨ, ۵ҽʶֱĸ, ţֱֹˡ
ĸĮؿţûֹ, 䳰ȷ˼Ů飬˼ֻǴ, ûѾǺܿˡ
ıӶˣһƴ, һܷܷȣߡ
ܷܷɫ԰׵վԭأղʱҲв, ĿǲСײ˲輸, ۵ˡ
ټ˶Ϲ, ôȥæ
ڰͲðĸĴڡ
ܷܷ޶, ƫͷԱŲŲһء
ƽĶۣĶԲ㣬ԶԵܷܷ
԰ܷܷжãĸ磬ǰܷܷأ
ر
Щ裬谡Թɱ˴𣿡
仰£һƾ˦˹ȥ
ɹũ־һĴֱӰˡ
ղŲô򣬶޶ͷ壬⻹һα˦ơ
һ˶ƴҪŹˣôĶ֡
֣ҿžžžһ춼ףոǺ׵Ĳڳ˶ù񫡣
ԭʹͷ㱵㶼̲ס
̧ͷŶ˵·ִܹȨʱسʹѹԼνĸ˦ƣĸǳǿ
ְ¡
ϾǰΪ裬Ľ֮Ȼ١
ȻС󣬶ûϵõٹػ෴ģмǰԶһɷָòãܷܷģ
ոһգ긴һ꣬ųԱҪȴֲҡ
ĿУͬһɽصѹϣҲ޷
ڣɽȴ׾ٵر˰ߣ׽
ĸо̫ˡ
۾˸һĹâ
żһͷʱԽ𾢡
Ҫǰ׾ƾƳֹȻĻĻᱻĽҽԺ
ϾҪ͹һŭĸ˺ԼӵŮʱҰ޵ս
Ȼ˵Ƥ˲ʲôܺãǿƤ׳ͷӣò˵˶úˬ
Ǿϲֱ۵ˬ
ˣ˵һ˵귢顣
ǵѪ˿ػ䣬ͷһڡ
ǻ֮ζСһʱܸоǿݵɶ
־ŭֻɱˡ
˾ȻһĴ帾Ź
ֱǰϲȡ
˰׾ƾƵʣ˫ؿĸţҪҾѣ
ĸ͵һ²輸죬㻹˼ңԼʲôԼû֮һܸͺ𣿡
ۿŶҪʼһһϫϫ̲סҡҡͷһ룬еķŵһԣʵĹҲƾճ˿֮С
ֻǰһţƼ˲ֵܳˡ
ʡ
˶ľˣ߶£ţôҵǸʦѵĳɹˣ
⻰ճڣʶ˲ԡ
ǸʦĳɹˣͲʴĸɩɩ϶绰
Ԥеʲôõ飬ƤʼһԵҲš
ʱųʱЩ±ƣܹùÿңùá
ϽǰһʣֺܿʹʵĻǣһĻļƤֱҲæ˻ȥ
˭˭ģ׷ʲô
ĻңĴʦʲŶԡ
ǳʲô⣿
ʺµָָ׾ƾƣŮǴʦҰҵǸʦҪҵĻ˷дġ
ùһҪңŮһɢġ
װѣǰװ̵ŮװŹҡûɱǰܷܷôġ
ʲô
һĻϡͿġ
ʲô׾ƾǴʦʲôҪɱ˰׾ƾΪܷܷ
ⶼôģ
ֻٷɿؽܷܷ֮ڤϵԼȥҰܷܷ°ܷܷ˳һһ˵˳
򾭹ûסԼ壬ֱ̱˵ϡ
Ŵ꣬ۿۿдת˵ܷܷڤ飿
ʵͷҲء
ѽù⵽ô£Ȼ֪ܷܷŮôͷأһ鷢ҪǲĻôܻ֪˵ݱˡ
ҪûµĻڻĺء
ҡͷţܣǸѾͷͷôܷܷģ
ػ䣬Ŭػ룬ڵ֮䣬ͻȻ뵽Ǵδӹܷܷ淢һȽϵ͵εķ㡣
ǿ㲻õĽҪСΪֶ±˵ϡ
յʱ򻹺ܸˣʹͷϡ
Ըܷܷϡ
ǸȽϾ£ʱһСĳ˰ܷܷļͷ
ͷͷʱзҲû⡣
ܷܷ֮߰ɩ͹ˡ
ȥķ˼ͷ
ɩ֮˳ɩ˵˼仰
ɩ뿪֮ǰСĽͷŪɢˣͷɳϡ
Ȼɩܿͽͷȫռźã룬ܾΪһСʧ󣬾ͰѰܷܷ֮ǰɳϵͷҲ˽ȥ
ɺϵǣܷܷİֶƥ䣬ԵǴʦõͷȡһʩʱ򣬾û⡣
˼ȥҲֻԭ
ȻĻɩôܻðܷܷͷ
һоȻĴ
Ϊһ֮һء
Ĵض㣬ûڲѣǵ֪ȴЦֱ˵Ʊж񱨡
ϷԵ鶼ܷ϶쿴ȥΪ
Ļʵôᷢأ


145 
ȻѾ֪, ܷܷʵڤ鵽ôģӾôģ׼ҶԴ˻һ֪
԰ĸ, Ȼȴʲôش, ܰĸôһԣһԲ
ôɵ㶵شԭ, Űܷܷᡣ
¼, ɫʹ, ֡
Ȼĸȴû˿ͬ, ޲ó⣬, Ѫôܻͬ
ȫԼıӦ
Ϊ㲻˵ǾͲ鲻ΪЩǰ׼ҶҾͻôҸ, Խǲ˵ǲ鵽ʲôǰ׼ƱҪָ췭ظ
֪Ϊ㺦Ʋ, ǻô㣿
ֶ֪ӵڤǰϣһ᲻ᱣ㣿
ĸһ, ˵µĵط
ҲŮҲ⽨˼ܺߡ
һµľǸְֵʧ
ԲŻľذʡ
֪ҳ£Ϊԭ, ֶҲܱ, ҲΪ, Ʋ, ǿ϶Ůġ
ԣУ
һΪԼΪŮҵãðְָʧġ
ֻ̧ͷ͵˹ȥץס˰ĸ֣ţԣ㲻ܸǡǴС󶼾ǸŮӣҪ֪ˣ϶Һʧġ
ĸЦţԼ֣ŲҰһƬϺ׵ĺۼǽ˴ġ
ǰĸܾϻ˵ʲô
ԣİӡ
ԣһ룬ĸžһ˦һȥͷˡ
ŵȫû취ع
֪ΪŮҹжѣΪʲôҪ㣿ʩˣĵ㶼֪һŮˣʹȴҪʹעڱ˵ĺϣ㻹Ǹ𣿡
Ц˭ѾͷǸŮӣǸŮӣȻҪЩ͸һ
ĸֱȥоǷˣԼŮˣΪʲô־ǸŮӣͻøһ
ѵǾԼŮǸŮΪ˲ԼŮһʹ࣬Լӱ
ŶˣŮ滻˰׼ңȻñá
뵽ĸǾöġ
׾ƾššüͷȻϿڵĻǾֻһֶˡ
һڣ˵ע⡣
ĸЩȵؿֶʲô
׾ƾƾһŷԷ˭ϣʲôԷһһʵػشǸͲҪ˵ֻҪŷͻԶ³ࡣ
˻ȻС˵ӾŻֵԷʵڵģ
׾ƾҲ̫˰ɣ
ܷܷ׾ƾƵ͸¶Ŀ־壬׾ƾ̶ֳȵĻôôƴ
ԷܽЩֶ׾ٵ߽⣬֮ԺûС
뵽ܷܷ̲סҰЦһƨصλϡ
ʲôЦ
ƾãϽ񶾵Ůϡ
׾ƾֿһɪɪֶӣ־ֵˣܣܣôĶ
׾ƾζɲܴڣһԲ֪ˡ
Ҫȥʱ׾ƾһֻԷ޷Զĺ󱳡
һ룬׾ƾſʵӱ鵽ôģ
̵ת۵д˾壬ȴǳʵؿʼش˰׾ƾƵ⡣
֣ƴļУֹԼȴʵĺܣͲԥĵز
ûʲô˼ֻð׾ƾƾǵǷ켫ܷܷһŵûɢл㱡
У֪׷ʲô
ĸǰŻĺӣں´ʱѾ͵͵ȥԣǸŮ
ʱͱˣΪ޵ּͬҲŮ
µŮּҾԲʲôӹ
ԥҪҪװСӵʱ򣬰ĸҸȴʵķ衣
ҲˣǸŮ
ǰ͢Դȴûκεָǿ֣ճ˵˸СĻôչʲôĹ£۰﷢ᡣ
ƾʲôĸܹôã
ĸԭͥҲŮȲǮ
ƾʲôĸܼ޸һôõɷ򣬻ܲһŮ
裬ʧԼһµľ
ǾڰĸˮҪʱͨҽʿԼʸ滻
ʵܵļƻգΪʱվҵˡ
㺢ӸճͮͮһƬϸƣʲô
Ƶʱ򣬻ǻᱻƳԡ
˵ǣƺûз⡣
ĸĺӵ֣ĺӽ˰׼ҡ
һж˳˳
ôģĲ֪
Ͼʸ֮󣬾Ϊƣȶ˯˹ȥ
֮󣬺Ӿͷߡ
ǸչĻʿȷϹ֮󣬲ȷѾˡ
˵ʱӾĻôĸĺӿڴ֮ǰѾ˻
Щ֣ΪʱµҽԺ
˵⺢ûþѾˡ
Ǵµ۶ôԶʮǰôЧѸٵػߺӣ
ɻҲúüСʱɡ
⼸Сʱ֮ûκε©
͢Ҳ䣬ʱĸºֻ֮˺һۣͰעΪ˳ߵİĸϡ
䲻ôעӣǰ׼˶ڣҪǶ˵Ļǿ϶ֵᷢġ
ҺҲֻǱʿȥһСʹˡ
϶ûмСʱôá
ȻĻʱϾȫԲˡ
֣㱲ѣĽʾ֭벻ͨﲻԡ
ǰ׾ƾۣҸǸ˾ͨôҲһ顣
һͺһ˵
֮ǰǿ϶飬ڼ׾ƾƵ֮ȴòš
϶ڣԲܰԶǧ֮׾ƾƵ֪
Ǹ˭ʲôı
͢Ϊȫıȴû뵽Ȼһ˵Ӱڡ
˼ڤ룬׼ҷչô꣬Ȼ١
ûĸһı뵽Ĵʦ
ƾƣѧʦ𣿡
׾ƾҡҡͷһ
һܹ͢СѰҵķΧˡ
Ȼһʱ֮仹֪˭ǼȻ˲٣ôķ͸ȷˡ


146 
ľ㶵һ, Լ֣ȴֲҿĸ龪ֵ¶࣬Ǹ˵ĸ׵Ů, ֵر, ž˵ǲĸŮԼŮ˳ᢵƿһУֻԼһ
ôôʵ, ô˾û㱡
Ů, Ǳ滻, Ż޼ɵشѹָ, 
Ůܷܷȴ䱦һ谮
ܷܷһǸŮ, ȴǲһġ
ǽΪǸŮӣҪΪŮ
׵ҲʹΪʲô԰ܷܷҪãΪʲôܷܷĳ谮佱
Ǹʱᷳظ, Ϊ䣬ΪȲϰܷܷ㡣
ܹͷţÿһĵط, ȴûԼʲôŵ㡣
СһֱΪΪԼ̫̫Ȳðܷܷ, ŲϲҲ䱻ϲ
ΪŮӣҲּ۰
Ͳôϡ
, ֪, һжĴ, ûô, ԲŲõ˵ĳ谮ֻΪŮѡ
˶Ѱˡ
ϾĸȥԼίԲŻῴֹԲŻƴŹΪ
ǿȥΪǸŮӾ
Ϊ׾ƾǵĺӡ
ȥ׾ƾһֳ뻯ѧ֮⣬ǳ̬࣬ʷ涼ܳɫ
ȴڰ׼ҳİܷܷҪʤһ
ΪŴʲôԭ򣬶֤Ű׾ƾǱ߹úܺá
Ҳ֤費Ůˡ
뵽㲻ЩȸԾ
Ϊּҹȷʵܱ΢Ҳܡ
ŵȵԼʮܹ֮õ֤ǲǿ԰ȥԼߴ򹤱׬Ǯ
ּҵǮҲûйϵģֻ
ѹñ
ϵ˽ѧУѧ֮˴˶֪˴˵ļͥ
ּҲССͬѧ벻Ϊʲô·ԶǹģΪʲôЩͬѧ˵ȥĸʱȴʲôûκεĹͬ⡣
ΪûȥΪһ굽ͷͼǲø򼸴·
ˣǰ·ˣҪ·ȴֻ䳰ȷ
Ծö֮Ͳ̫ȥΪЩŵ
İְ֣鱾ͲãΪǸŮӣִͷ
Ҳǰա
ּҾͺڵһ
ּΨһĺӣǹȴ˶硣
ƺڿԽˡ
űԼʹ޲ѣ޷Ƶа׸ˣǵУǵУܵԼӣɣЩСȸԾ
غ֣ϵ˵ԼʱӵСشԼһСԴһ˫Բ۾˲ڴ
Сغ˾衣
ֵ˲˶סˡ
һ룬Խֱӽ㱧ԼĻУؽסһ߿һߴ󺰣ԣ裬衣
㣬ٺһ衣
㱻ЩϢϢİȴúů㡣
ѾǵԼʲôʱҪ
㱻ܣúЩѣȴƿ
Щؽļ˳ز˲䣬һ룬ٴκ衣
ˣͬղ١
س׸֣˷ܵ˲֪ǺãŮˣŮĺˡ
׸ҲĲУܹȥĺ󱳣ҪĸŮһͬԼĻУȴΪĻܾ
ɿ㣬֣׸ǰЦᣬ㣬ְ֡
ۿ΢ؿǰЦĺˡ
ȥЩũһƤڣʵ޻ԼЦʱܹʪۿڴ΢ЦУԼϲ
δڸġ
ĺͺʲôסһ㣬Ŭ˺ܾãһɬİְֲŴз
һְֳ֮󣬰׸ۿˮһӾ͵Ӧһ˵ĻֻǶ˵Źԡ
һžۣƺ˵ӣĸ͢վһԿţɬΪǸˡ
ĸĵؿһ۰׾ƾƣվһԣЦӯӯؿԼĸһҸžۡ
ЩѹҲ֪׾ƾƲּЩԼĸŻȲؽܡ
ţһжģֻҪģֻҪðƾһǵġ
վԭأã׾ƾûнֻĿžۡ
Ҫ˻ҪйȴôŲ
Էǰ׾ƾ⣬Ļһֶ˵
ܷܷŶǸ˷θһĻֿԱһţɪֵӣٳ׾ƾʩסɫŤޱȵģЦһƨλϡ
ˣȫˡ
Ⱳӿ¶ˡ
֪İ׸ĸ϶ŹҲŹҡ
㲻ð׼һǨŭּҡ
ѪҺĺӣ°ĸϲ֣ڣҲǱĺ߽⡣
ĸܹѾǰӷˡ
ڴʲôʲôˡ
ܷܷԽԽѹԽԽģֹסػ
õʮꡣ
ɱֺЦ
ʵܷܷ룬õ֮Ӽ֮󣬰׼һ˵ȾֱѹȥңΪȫ˵˳
ʣĸû˵޿ظ硣
ΪĶӣڰ׾ƾƵȻҪ˵ġ
ֻ˵ʱѾˣ׾ƾ˵ֱ֮ӰŹأʸˡ
Ĵ֪ԼþȻĴº󣬱֣ڵ֪ԼĶӾȻܷܷڤ飬䵽˰׾ƾƵϡ
һѣûһƴ
ɩ裬ӾˣɾΪС飬ӷǵûܳɹˣ£ộ
˻Ҫ׸ĸð׾ƾƽʵĹŻȻ͢һǹͱŮȥ˵ֱö˷ħ
ΨһĺӣһӾôһӡ
ò׵ܹ±ˣȴǹһܲ


147 
Ȼ˵ķŭ, ׼ȴ޶ԣÿЦ
׼ҽǰʻ
ɥĲ, ĿǰûŤ͵, ѾǺܸˣ
Ȼû취ͽȥܲġ
˶ǺνָͲ⡣
Ů, ּҽҲֻҵ
ҵĴ, ΪҸϵӵĽܡ
ΪӼ޵ּҵֻһŮ, 
ҪôԹӤûܳɹ, ҪҵĺĿǰǢĻͱּҸϳȥ, Ϊøˡ
Ȼǰ׼ʲǿ
Ҫ˵һΪʵϴҪ׾ƾƸۣҪ֮ǰڤλʦ˰׾ƾơ
͢ԴЦ, ûпʼԸңҵãԼ
ֱ·
Ȼּ˺, θڴһֱҪؿг
⼸һֱںгƴ, ѹڴ󲿷ֵĲҵҲƵ˺⡣
ֻƴԼҷ򵥡
һλҲΪȷʵЩȥˣ˲Żػص۶
ҼѾ㽫ʲȫתƵڡ
˴λҪҲΪ˿г, ˳ӳʶ顣
˭뵽ʶû, ֱӶ
ԾڵҪͷϵİ׼ֿ, Ǿѻʯ
, ԼּңҪѰ
Ҳ룬飬ּôܻкɫ
˼ٲϲŮҲԼĺ⡣
ҪǣΪɥĲ飬ּҶ԰׼ڵ²͵һͷġ
ǵŮĸ׼Ů׾ƾƹϵرãǶİ׼һ᲻Ϊ׾ƾƵĹػּҲ
ϾּҿԶԶȲϰ׼ҡ
ĿܻңǺ޲תǹڣŰ׼ҶԸҡ
ǰ͢Ҫİæ
ûܵõּҵİҾʧѰŴʦİæؽϣʦܹסҵĲҵ
Ŵʦڿʸܷܷ֮Ե߶֮ɫüѿ
ѾǵһΡ
˭
ŴʦžȻǰ׼ǸνŮ׾ƾƸɵĺ̲סʧЦôܣһŲʮĻëѾͷôƵҵ󷨣
Ҫǣܽɵؽˡ
һܹرһСëѾͷƣʦƨѽ
ôǰŬˣ
ŴʦĲм볰˷ͣȻҲƣʵȷʵˣǰ͢׿ڸ˵ġ
ģ͢ƭǵ
Ұ֪͢һΪʲôڤǰܷܷҪ֪Լ֪Ūˡ
˵͢ƭȫûκ塣
ҷŮ
Ů׾ƾܣԸͲ¸ࡣ
Ŵʦšüô˵ˣǲš
Ҳ֪Ѿ򣬹⿴Ҽ֪࣬ұض˥ܡ
ҪǸ󷨵˵һǳ
ŴʦʶʱΪܣһͳܡ
Ȱ˽Էź֡
Էͬ˵ʮôĵһɲ⡣
ҪððȻ˼ҶϣԿĿ϶Լ
ȻﻹЩţôĴŴʦǾ費
һ·ҳû˺ܣɵؾͱ׼̲ʲ߰׼ҽңŤͷͶּ֡
ȻҲû֣ݺݵؽѵһԪ֮֡
֮ǰ͢ĸҵ׸ѯ
ĻǻԼ
ļʶĳ棬ּˣΪ˱סڵ۶ĵλŹ׸Ǹ
⳥˲ٷӵ̣ȻҲٲǮ
Ȼ׸ȫܾûнܡ
ȻģҲ֪ЩǵģôܻҪ
Ҫ˵ЩȫּҿǹŮĲЩֻǸŮּҹĿӡ
ǼȻûʲôǮܸŮҪİ
Ҳһ㶼Щ֮
ּ֮Ϊð׼⣬˵˲١
㻹ԭּҡ
˵Ϊ֪Լּ޹ϸԲŻϣظּƲϵ
ӴԺҲҪּ˳ûˡ
ò״ּڵõ½֮󣬸ϽҵǴʱ⵽شܵҵĹ
Ͼ̳Ͼ㲡Ҫ
Ϊ棬֮ǰĺתͷܳΪС
ּһս֮ʹӶұĩ˵Ĵڣ˵Ƕ޵
ҪŮˣּôǵˣ
ˣּҧгݵͨѣڼúõд
ڼ֮Уʱ޿̲ڴص
ȻʲôȲ
ֻ޾áǰһ۸
ҲǸʱ鵽㵱ѹµʹࡣ
ЩԶԶ
ּصؽ˸Ŀǰ
ɢ
˶Ĳҵ˲ֱ߽⡣
ͷ侮ʯû˰׼ҳ֣Ҳе˶֡
ûж೤ʱ䣬ͳɹڼˡĴɩ
ɩʱ򣬿޵òɸ
Ȼɩûи磬ֱӷƵֱȥ˴
Ҫô
ǸɨǣӦΪǸŮˣֱӰҲùôԺҡ
˶ľɩһһ֮£þԼĴԼ
ոһգֱһ죬ȻҧԾڼһֻš
ȻĴɩ֪飬ȴЦ˵͸ˡ
ϧˣû˷йء
ȻЩǺ󻰣ݱᡣ
׼ұ飬֮۶ᶼȻѡ
˶ţȻ顣
ĸ˵ʮĺѣ˭뵽ùۣѾȻػģʮǰͶ԰ĸݺݵͱһ
û뵽ǣӱ֮ǰĸĺӻ˵
ֻ˭ģĿǰΪֹû׼ȷϢҶǶ²ĸ˭
˶鵱ۣŰ׼ǱڵضҸּҿһ̵ؿһ߻Ұ䣬ûл©
ıǣ׼ҽӻǸ¹ʮŮ׾ƾƵǸʲô֪׼ʲôʱʽܰ׾ƾơ


148 
Ϊ˱¼, ڵ۶ֵЩңټ㱻ûаȫУ׸ڰ׼Һü, Ϊ˸顣
ΪԺҪؼҵġ
ϾĿǰ״û취ڵ۶, ŬŬڵ۶ⷿġ
Ͼ˭֪, ۶ĽԴǸط̫ˡ
ӵ۶תѧУ, ˵ϰ, ʦ϶Ȳϵ۶Ҳ뵢, ڶҪ߶ˡ
һ͸߿߿ͷȴ¡
ȴܾ, Ըǻ£׾ƾһѧУ
ð׸Щȣ㣬ȻҸûʲôǮ, ڵ۶Ҳ𷿣ģѧЩ㲻òĵġ
, ֻһ϶ܹڵ۶顣ȻǸѧУѧѱһй, ڶ߶ˣŬŬѧҲܸġ
֪ҪǸ˽˸һѧʱ, ޲ûг
ΪһѧѿɱһͶ뻹Ҫߡ
, һֱ, ǲúһϻ, ͽˮƽ
ȴһ㶼ȥ飬û϶ȵ۶Ҫڡ
Ȼ۶ԴǺãͬѧ֮ʱ֮Ҳǳء
ȻּˣǮּҹľ͸û
ͬѧ֮벻ȥҲûйͬһ쵽ҲֻŬѧϰҪͬѧΪӡ
ԼĳɼҲܹص۶ѧġ
ҪԼİְôعһûбҪĸС
Ҳ£ǲ㲻ΪǸѧѣĲϲǸѧУ
׾ƾҲæ裬ǸѧУȻȲϵ۶ʦǿ󣬵Ҳû̫˵ˣתѧУĻҰæչˣѧҵʲôҲңְȫõĵġ
׾ƾôһ˵׸ط
ԵûǼҾƾôԶȫУһڣͲõѧϰ⡣
һѧУҲиӦ
мؿ׾ƾƣл
׾ƾư˰֣ÿǰְŮչӦõġ
ߵķɿ죬ĸ͢ĽĲС
׾ƾƵĿǰΪֹɺ尢̣׸ְ裬˼ҪSеġ
һ㶼ûҪڵ۶˼
ðĸζӳ£ܡ
֮ǰĸͬ׾ƾSУ߿Żص۶Ҳûﲻá
ǿɼ򵥵ؾ˰׸򸾣ԸͬǻSУһԱȣðĸرζ
Ҳ֪ƾƵԸ㲻һǿ󲻵á
ֻϣ׾ƾܹĸķϣܹ
ϰĸ΢ۿ׾ƾƳΣȷźٵʱҾ۶ǡ
һ⻰ĸתΪ磬𣿾ƾƣ̫ˡȷżٵʱǰ˵㡣
׾ƾưڰ֣ǵǲãʱԼͳɣֲСӡ
ҲУҲС
ĸ˵ĲУȻʽܰ׾ƾƵ顣
ƾƣҲֵ֪ôҸӣڼһᣬҲôʶʶ㡣֪ǰ׼ǧ𡣡
ڰܷܷĸѾ˻صּˡ
ܷܷδָ꣬Ůּ˶֮ǣҲû취ϰܷܷ
ŶҪΪܷܷ
ֻּܷܷҵӹò̹
ΪĹϵ׼Ҷּ֣ټĲҵ˷ֹϣõܶ׵ŮкɫŹ֡
ҪǿܷܷòԺҵõϣĻָͰܷܷϳȥˡ
Ǽ㲻ϣּܷܷҵҲù
ʱ޿̶Ҫּ˵ĳ裬ͬ˵ĳЦá
Ҫ˵鴫ָָ֮㡣
ǰ׼ǧܷܷʱжཾжֺô䵽֮󣬾жǡ
ƨɺĸ࣬ڶܴɤŶ˵䳰ȷȫ
ܷܷļǿ˵ɱҪܡ
ô죿
Ÿ߶δ꣬벻ּңҲû취ڵ
Ҳܲ˵Ұ׸ĸǿϣ
ǰ׸ĸĬؾܾˡ
ܷܷ˻޹ģЩ飬ΪһӤ޷
˭ĸףҪ˵ֵʱָʹǸйҪ˺ƾơ
һ˼ݶŮôҰ
Ŵĺݶʮ꣬Ҳû취ɹΰӡ
֮׸ĸȻǰܷܷİˡ
ûгֶԸܷܷѾǿڶϡ
ĻͳҪƾ飬ǾͲĴطŹ
ܷܷ³Σ׾ƾƸͲ⡣
Ľְ׾ƾ
ǰĸ˵Ǹᣬ׾ƾƲûʲôȤ
ðɣҸ֪Ķ֪ˣܣ˵ҶЩûʲôȤҪҵǸʦϢĻǵ֪ͨһ¡
ڤĴʦܵÿ죬׾ƾûܰ
˵Щϧ
ĸʧصͷȻ㲻ԸĻǾˡԸٰ졣
׾ƾƿп޵صͷõģǾˡ
뿪ѧУҲüˣﻹЩĻ
ϾĻĺҪæѹƣüȥûĳ֣ĻҪʼСù
ߵЩҪùˡ
Żڴ鶼֮󣬾ҪͣػѧУ
һΪĻҲԼ̫γ̣ʱҲ鷳
Ҫһֱ꼶һŮˡ
͢ĸ˰׾ƾƵȥ˻õ׾ƾ֤żٻ۶󣬲֡
͢§ŰĸǼ˽˻ο㿴ƾԸ⺮۶֤Ҳиġ
ֻôûദԲŻи衣
ĸŵͷ֪ģﶼǾǾѹ
˭أ
͢Ҳζ
Ƕǽȴѡ
˵˵ȥǸˡ
һ뵽̲͢סҪһҸּˡ
ңǻиҪһҪ
ǾǾ˭˾ƾƸ㣿
νĴʦ˭ΪʲôҪô
иʸܷܷڤǸʦ˭ȥ
ⶼҪġ
ֻаˣƾƵİΣˡ
ҳĻǸıף͢Ҳ̤ʵ
ƾƶ˵Ĵʦһ˵׼Ⱦƾƻǿ
Ҫ֪Ƿ飬֪˽»ôĿ
ɲ˺ԼŮ
ĸҲŵͷһ뵽Ҳ˲˶


149 
׾ƾ뿪Sеĵڶ, ҲգԴʦͽ˳ظڵĴӡ
һȥպײź, ׼ȥ׾ƾƼףʡõһУ
У˰, ѧУʡ˵ǴڸбȽȻÿ궼ѧμʡ, ܹõȴ֮, ¶, ɼõģ֮⡣
һ, Ƿǵǰ٣һռ˵һ
ţÿžȫǵһ
˭뵽
ȥ׾ƾ֮, ڶѧУĻ
ɰУֵǺϲ£죬ص˰׾ƾƸĻİ˽
ôͬѧô߶ðͷ
֮ǰΪʲôûκεϢ
İζԼϵѧȡĺóɼͬ˷ܵĲС
ΪѧɼˣΪϵİ, ǵĽҲٲˡ
Ҫ˵һȫʡĵһڶ˵ȥ˭ɡ
Уѯʵ, ׾ƾƵİǱʾ׾ƾѧϻۣһʱͺŬ, ߶Ǵζӵ㡣
֮ǰرѾǳɫ
ֻؾʡһΡ
Ļİʾ, ǰĻҲͬǳɫ, ѧϰɼ, ˾е㵹ù
ֱȥҲμӹ, Եʱӣûܿóɼ
ССľҲǻ⡣
ѧУĿҲˡ
ȻʦǶŰѧĻɨǣùһɣﶼЩֹ
ڿĻɹؿȫʡڶҵƳɼ϶ҧŰ׾ƾƲš
Ҳǰο
ȻˣʲôùùģĻá
ˣⲻ
ѧϰ֮⣬Уص˽˵ļͥڵ֪Ļһ¶֮󣬶˵ͼӴ˾ĽҲһö졣
ΪĻұȰ׾ƾƼҪУȥĻҡ
͵Ļϣ֪ôģȻУԼһǡ
УеգҲ±ơ
û뵽ԼضĽȻôϽڴԲѧУס
ҿĻƺϣϴŵЦ
ΨһһʦǾĲõģžӹ֮Ҳûʦǽȿˮ
Ȼ˵ҲȱˮɣѧĻ˽ǵĵλɣ
У뵽ĻСС;͸ĸ˫ΪɨǵͷͲ֪ЩҲпԭ
ټУȥ͵ڶŽ죬ԱҲû϶ᣬǳŵʱ˳ڸĻİһ㣬ԺΪ˴·̽Ļ
ǸĺӣЩСϸڷ˷֡
ĻİθϽͷʾһǿԷⷽ
Ǳ˵ߣûע⵽Ļ뿪ʱüͷ
뿪ûãУ·ʱͻȻ˸ͷ
ܱߵȫ⧲ؿУ˫ȹأ۵졣
УУôУ
ʦǸϽȥ֪˭СһţǰȥǼʦ͸ŵһһһصȥһҵѹ˸ҪУϡ
Աߵ·˲һƳûǸЦ
ôô˼ͺĵһ
ʦǿɲ˼ֻ궿ˡ
˸ϽæУѯУûô
Уϥǻ۵úܣߣȿһûгѪЩƤá
УҪҪȥҽԺ
Уڰ֣Լ·ϵĻҳããС˶ѡûѪأȥʲôҽԺȸϽȥ׾ƾƼҡ
õĺܣһ㶼ƽС¡
ƽʱĻ㲻𣬼ʦҲӲ߶
Уô򵥵ؾ͹飬λʦ̲סͬʱ˿
л׾ƾƵĵһȻĻУĺ顣
ȻУĺ鲢ûг̫ãΪڿӵʱ;ͻȻêֻ·׾ƾơ
У
һ·ʦǻҪϵѯʴˣ׾ƾƼôߡ
Ҳƣô׼ô֣
ǰ׸Ǯĺȥˣղпȥر׵ļǡ
ڵãһˡ
Ǵָָֺ˾䣬Ұ׾ƾʲô£
У˻ԼеĽ죬ֺǺǵѧУУǶǾƾƵʦ׾ƾǰʱμʡ˵һȫƵһⲻѧУͽнء
Ǵһ˲ˡ
üһȫʡһн𣡾УŰݷãӰ
׼ѾͷԽԽ
֮ǰ˵ȥμӾһʽð˴ʵ硣
ڵãȻУͽ˵׼Ժ󻹻ĸ߿״Ԫء
뵽񼤶ˣϽűⵣȥúø˵˵ԡ
ûӣ˶֪׾ƾʲôִʣ˵һУˡ
ͬ亢ӵĴǷ׷Ľ׼Ѿͷôôأ
Уʦ˳׼ңûм׾ƾƣǼſڸŴ˵Դʦˡ
Ŵ˵׼һ˾ͱ׸ǮѸˣ֪ȥϾûҲû
֮Ƕ˸ա
УʧǴ֪ʲôʱ𣿡
ŴҡҡͷУԼļλʦԵ˭
УһŴ۾Բ˼֡
׾ƾѾͷôôУˡ
һԵԴʦУ˵ģ̲ס˷ӣ׵ѹȻǲͬѰѧҵҲ˳ɫ
ԴʦͽȻҵʱǾԺ׾ƾѧ񣬵Ҳû뵽׾ƾƾȻô
ʡĵһһȫƵһ
ǵĻһܹƿƵһ
΢΢״кԴʦǴȥĻ
ǵۿУʱȴЩԡ
Դʦ˳һ䣬Уȥ
Уһ±ƣ֪ȥɷǵΪʲôôʡ
Դʦͽվһʦݣڳʦһһ㶵ġ
һԵŴԴʦȻǵ۶ѧʦһǹⲿ֤Ĵʦ̲֮סĿࡣ
ƾѾͷȻܸĴϱߣ
뵽׾ƾǳ뻯ֶΣ׷ķŴ˲õԼϽϴǸ̫ˡ
ĻôĶ֪
Ժ󰡣ǧǧܵ׼ҡ
ſѧѧУŲܷ⽨ŵУˣȴǶԴ˱ʾЦ
ͷƭҪôƭ˵ĻܰԼ
ѧ⽨š
ôܻͷ֤Ĵʦ
ⲻǰǵˣ
ǲ²ʶֵǿǶѧĽӰƭŶûС


150 
ȻǴʦĻ, ôָһ㣬㵽ҽȥֺαң㻹ǹ֤ĴʦǾ͸һˡŴʦ϶֪ȥ
Уһ, ԴʦЩ, ֪ΪʲôУֿ˵
ЦӦһԵŴУ˵, һ˷ֱܵĴ, ԶԶ, ֤Ĵʦǿ϶ȾƾѾͷҪʦ, ǲǿԿУ֮ǰȥǲҲܿҼԺܱܲǮ
Ŵ˷ܵ飬Դʦ̲סĬˡ
ԴʦλͽܿɾûĺƢ, У˵Ƿ֮ͻˣŴǷѩϼ˪
һͽؿڵʦǹ֤Ĵʦб, ԹҷģǷһЩ
ŴĪһ٣Ҳѻ, ﲻˣصĺܰ㶼˵ʦǹ֤Ĵʦ˵, ôĻ϶֪У֮ǰȥѽ
ƾѾͷ㵽Ǵ˼Ѿͷ˳ع˾µ飬Ǵʦ֪Уȥ, Ҳ𣿡
Ŵһ˵ע⡣
Դʦ, λ, 鷳ϸ˵˵ղŵǼ顣
Уһã, ǵѧ˲Ű׾ƾ㵽ʲôͬ˳£

Ŵ۶ĴʦôɫѯʣˣĴʦãǱϲؽ֮ǰ˼ͳµ顣
˼ɸ˵ˣҪĻٿġ˭뵽飬һס˼ѾͷҪ֪űʱ˲٣Ψ˼Ѿͷһ˶ûУֽȫͷ˵˵ƾѾͷǲǺ
˵֮ŴͻȻ뵽ʲôһ㣬͵۾ǵ۶ĴʦѲǴþƾȥ۶Թҷ𣿡
ԴʦŴ飬˵УԴʦһθܵ˰׾ƾƵ档
Ŵ˵ǸһżƷɣ
Ȼڴ֮ǰѾóļƷһ뵽ƷͬײһֶǣԴʦ黹Ƿǳĸӵġ
Ĳɵص˵ͷ㣬ڹҪҲǸ׾ƾƽӴһ£
Ŵ˷ܵصͷʼĿ׾ƾƣĴܵȻֻܿ佱
˵˵ţ˵˰׾ƾƽڴ顣
Դʦ۾ܲŴ÷ǿ
ŴԴ׾ƾƵǸ֮ҲǺƤġ
׾ƾҲ⣬ھӵģֲʲôޣȻѾѵ˼⣬òŲ顣
ŴҲкüķݸԴʦ󣬻ԴʦôֵֵٿǮ
ȻŰ׾ƾɣһֵأ
˼ά
ԴʦͽһľȻؿһǣԼ˵ŴֻЪ˹غгʲôЦŶǼƷǵûпѪ׬ܵұ֡
һͽ˵ЩŴ˷ܵϵķⶼŲôƷ
Ȼ֪ʲôǼƷǴϼƷ֣Ǻö
ͽĽصͷȻķһ󣬱˵Ǽٿ飬Ǯһ򵽡
һһŷȻֵܼŴＤѪҺֱϳ壬ֱֽ»Դʦг˻ȥ±˸˽һһ߳黹һŸЦҾ˵ƾѾͷû뵽ôţȻչףôõķҿɵúú÷ţɲŪˡ
Դʦ̲סķ׾ƾ˺ܶ𣿡
Ŵһ̵ؽŻضƱܺãһߵͷǵȻԴ֪Ž˾ƾı֮󣬴˾͸ȥҼһӦöɡ
ţ˭
ѵǰ׾ƾƵʦλʦƧ
Ŵ˳ֽŵ˵˳ԴʦֻƺûʲôĵطĻǰ׾ƾƵʦ
ʵģŴҡҡͷֻ֪ӽȥˣģҲ֪
ʦʣȴУ³شʻ˵Խ˵ԽˣƾѧУѧôЩ⽨ŴϹϵʲôԴʦҸ㣬ѧУİ׾ƾǿҪѧˣ˵һ߿״Ԫѡ֮һźҵѧȥʲô⽨š
ҪСұ
У֮ǰȵŴԴʦԽ˵Խ࣬ҲԽԽֻ֮׹ͷ
ʲô׾ƾƻửʲôţⲻǷ⽨
ѵ֪ʮһһֱڴѹ⽨ţпѧ
һǵУЩ׵ĲУѽ
ǰ׾ƾƵİԽԽòԣԽԽͷƤ顣
Ϊ֮ǰ飬Ǳʦһٵģַֹ⽨ŵ顣
ǸʱֻΪǸ߶߶ļһƭѧû뵽Ȼǰ׾ƾƻģһõѧУ
֮ǰѧ˵Է֮ݹѧϰʱ棬һ㶼š
ǿǸ˵ɷ£Ǹʱ
Ŵôһ˵ֲ뵽ʱ׾ƾڰ칫Ҷ˵Ļ
ݲݲݣ
ԽԽ𾪣ԽԽƤ
׾ƾƸòͨɣ
һڣ̲סǰյУĶ˵֮ǰ顣
УϵŭȵĻԽԽߣֱӴϣͷؾһ٣ʦǰ׾ƾƵİΣôܹ⽨ŵ飿ʦĶţµѧɲøѧ
ȿУĲţǰ׾ƾƺ֮ǰҲƣֻûǴ룬׾ƾھôһ˵ԽԽòԡ
Уصһֻۣɺ϶ѣôˣЩҲţԺôȥѧ
УϲʱԴʦȴжĻУ֮ǰȥΪЩԣմЩĻһ·ﶼô˳ɣ
Դʦ˵üУһ٣ΪĻǶһ·ȷʵ˳
ˤһӣǳԵ޹ê˵طûҵˡ
˵˳ǲ˳ϸ룬Ҳûʲô˵ģҲᷢ顣
˭·ûˤӣ˭û׹êⲻС
Уţֱӻ˭˵ģ˳ĺܡѾͺһö죬Ͳ׾ƾһöڼҶѡһѧʱҲûʲôϵ
УǾǿӣԴʦҲٶ˵ʲôȻԷŵĻ˵ٶҲ档
ĻأһٵЩСùܽҲʲô¡
ԴʦҲ֦㲻ٶ˵У΢΢֮󣬱ֱ뿪
ԴʦȥӰУɲģ˵óֻ˸绰
ŴһԼУĲ̲סɤŵУզúõĻˣ
УĳضŴһȰţЩе飬žν·ˡ
Ŵ
ֹУǲԿǲ̫ʹⶼ֤ݣզͻأ


151 
Ӱ׼뿪֮, ԴʦͽͣظϵĻҡ
ͽܸմţԴʦȴüͷһ䣺ȵȡ
ͽܲԣʦ, ôˣ
ԴʦǻĴ, ࣬ط, Ũ, ղУʦϿһ, ϵĻմȾϵġ
ͽæջ֣һؿ, ĵûʦߣԿʲô, Ҳʲôֵĵطʦô˵ˣ⡣
ԴʦʩŵĻȥ֮, ϸع۲һǰš
ûǾ˽Ųűһк, ˭
Դʦ˸ӣº, ĻԵ۶Ĵʦе顣
һ룬Ŵ, ¶ŷ
༫, , ׵ļͺĳѩ, ޺Ĵ꣬һּµ䡣
Է۾İ˵ʱʮ㣬ô򵥵شʱͽִܶĸо
ʮΪʲô֮ʢ
ͽܿĻʲô⣬Դʦһ۾Ƴ˲ԡ
Ȼ׾ƾܹƳĻǺȴнơ
ܸܵſڵǻĻ
Դʦ÷𾪡
ΪԴʦҵô꣬ûмĸϻͬʵʻĻ
⣬ײײܹһ漣
ǿĻ࣬Ӧù
෴ģͥԲظ»ȫӦǼõ
ҹĸֻǸĸԵǳȴǸĸ˫дҲͬ
⵽ô£
ĻĿؿν۶ĴʦΪ˿ȥʮ꣬ųĺӣеŵɷĵ
ŵˣƺʮ꣬Դǰ˵̬ȷǳĹ
ʲô𣿡
Դʦº͵ؿڵλСѣΪ֮ǰ춼¼֪׾ƾư׵ѵġӦûǵ춼˰ɡ
춼֣Ļ΢΢ۣȻǵá
ǰ׾ƾƵһǰչʾڲͬ
ҲһξԼ˵ûá
ǣ춼Ѿ𣿶ȥôãôͻȻдʦˣ
λСѣ֪ܲǽȥúһģ
ҶСѵҲʮָȤ
£Ļͫ΢شţʾλʦ롣
Դʦ䲻ܿҷɵĺܸܵǺѹѹĻǡ
Դʦ˵лܹԱİ׾ƾ˵򵥾ǽк
ԴʦһߣһŷɢعĻ
ͽʱڲ˲ԡ
ʦطôоôأ
Դʦǰ·ѹ¸λСֱӹϵܸоЩֱӴСѵɢġ֣Ҵûˡ
˵ԴʦûͽҲͷһ˵ܷ
Ļ˽˿¡
һͽ֪ܲйھ裬Ϊʲôԭһƨûεӣһˤȥ
ͬʦؿһۣô£Ӷˤ
ʦܺίȥҲ֪Ҳû뵽Լûȡ
ʦȷʵΪԼûȣԵµƫ
ʵϣֻĻԼ֪ΪϵĺѾƲסˡ
ĻΪ֪ǴʦԲûԥǽΪüȻǴʦĻӦֿܹסɧš
Ͼ׾ƾƾ
ǵֿܹסѹƣĺС
ǿڳλʦĻȴЩȷˡ
ѵǶ
Ļһţһ˳ִӱƿȪˮŵǰ
ʦǵһȥõģϾ̫ȣղһ·ʱҲûܺȿˮˡ
ƿǣҪȣˮȴǻһ£ֱӵϡ
ûȶ٣ȫ׸ˡ
ʦܿĿɿڴΪʦ̫ȣԲŻ˷ŵ
ʦ֣ڱ˼أҲôûò
ʦ֣
ЩεĨ˰Ҳû뵽Լôô죬ûܶ׼죬ֱӶԼˡ
ʧߣʧߡ
˼˼ָղŲСĶһ£ϰϸɡ
Ļڰ֣ײ˶׾ƾ
ûϵǵ⣬ҵԭ򡣡
ԴʦҲ²⣬Ļôһ˵ǿ϶
ϾͽȻĸأܻ᷸Ĵ
ҲΨǱӰ죬ŻӶصù
ֻԴʦܺĻô֪ġ
ֶԼ˽٣
СѣҲܲϻ̫أŻᵼܱ߿ˣùԼܵǣǿӣȻŨأȴ⵹Щ档
ĻԴʦܹϾҪûеĻҲǰ׵ʦҵôˡ
Ψһǰ׾ƾ˵ϵǺԴʦ˵ǻ
ԴʦܿνĻ𣿡
ԴʦҡҡͷЩΣֻܿо
ĻŶһ㲻Ϊ֪ԷȲϰ׾ƾƣ˵ٶҲûʲô˼
Դʦһ仰ȴЩȣǰ׵ڵĻвһļ⡣
Ͼ׾ƾƵʵԶ̫ࡣ
ԴʦЦеؿĻ׵ѿͬѧذ׵ҲѾԼʰɡ
Դʦ׾ƾư׵ѣĻбˡ
ԣûƾƸ˵Ӧ˼Ĵʦʩ󷨣Żұģ˵ԭӦ񼫺ãӡ
ԴʦźӵͷԵû㸸ĸ˫ȫ˵ǹ¶Ҳкܴɵ㡣
Ļؾ֪Դʦʱȣֻǵص˵ͷ
һ֪Դʦҵʲô飬Ǻҵ𣿡
ԴʦЦģڵ۶ҵ֪׵ѵ¼֮뵽顣సӵʱϣЩԣԱԹư
Ȼ׵ǺѣôȻܹæҵǶһ١֮⣬ҲҪ׵Ѽһ档ǳɫ֮ţкܶҪ׵ѽء
ֻϧ׵Ѳڼңұ˳㡣
ĻȻ򣬡ԭˡ
ţƾƷϢ˵ص۶ˣҪҪϸܻ
Դʦͷǲɡû£պҲҪ졣ȻĻǾ͵Ȱ׵ѻ֮ݷá
ҲóʱȥһʡƵʬʾӦַǳ
鲻ȥ


152 
ĿԴʦ뿪֮, ĻĿɫػص˷䣬ۺ춯ֻ򱡱ĺ촽
׾ƾֻ뿪Ϣ, ˺ҲûκεĶ
´Ҵ, Ļ֪϶Ƿʲô£ҲҷϢȥŵ, һֱš
һȱȵ, Ǻ޶
ĻЩļ, ΪϵĺѾȫƲסܱͬѧѧ, ѹƲסҥԣ̫û׾ƾ, ֺϢﲻ
׾ƾ˵飬һ㶼ѧ£뵽Դʦ뵽춼, ĻԽľġ
Щһ֪ȫû취ϰ׾ƾơ
ԽвԽǷ, ƵüĺԽĲצ
ͬдԾдд, Ī򻬣ǱԵһ£ʹϷ˳ȥ, ˵ϡ
ͬ
ҲǾˣ
дҵд㵸
̲ס˻ͷ, ȥ, ʱ, ֵͬѧ˽ûע⵽
۳ŶԷɿرܣ˫ȾҪλεͬѧԴĻ֣ʢһ룬סĺʹͬڱߵǰһֱӡ
յһĻŵĻ亹
֪ͬʲôƫͷĻһؿԼƵͷôˣʲô𣿡
Ļ˿ҡҡͷЩɳƣûʲô
˵֮λ뿪˽䣬͵͵óֻһ׾ƾơ
ʲôʱ
׾ƾ˷ɻϻؼҵĳֻһʱĻϢ˳ֱһ¡
һ룬΢ɳƣִ˿˿ίڰĳ
׾ƾƣ
׸˲ͶĿ⣬׾ƾͻȻúЩԡ
ԭûоģĸԼʲô¡
˼һſڵƾưѧӦѧҵΪ֪ѧϰɼãԲ㡣ֻһ㣬Ǿ㲻ΪӰѧҵ֪𣿡
׾ƾƣ
ʲôʲôѧҵôӰԼѧҵ
ԣ㱻빵ɶʱģԼô֪
ѽƾƣְҲ֪˲ͬԼļ⣬Щְ趼㣬˳Ȼͺáɶ£϶ðְ赣ġ
ҪǾ⺢ӲĻʱԴؼǼ
׸˵֮󣬾һֱİ㶼̲ס׾ƾͶĽĿ⣬ƾƣְã
Եģ֮ǰ㻹ԼҲĻˡ
Ļ̸֪ˣǰȶҪϡ
׾ƾƣ
ûУǱϹ˵
̲סЦƾƻأУûУûУͲЦˡ
ҲЦЦúüۼĻȴԶ׼
Ȼĸˣǵ˼뾳ȴر
úܰġ
׾ƾƣ
ĬĬֻܸоԼĪľʹӵ͵͵Ůѧ
ͷֻһۣȴΪΪǸղŵĵ٩ð׾ƾƲ˼ˡ
Ϊ⣬㷴ð׾ƾƸͬˡ
ԭ׾ƾ¶ֶΣþҲýӽǰ׾ƾƵһðҲֻһʮСŮѣһһġ
ԣ㷴׽˲٣ѯ׾ƾڸе
ΪҪ׾ƾһȥѧϰˡ
׾ƾĵظ㽲ǵѧУ
һֱѧûյκλظĻЩйƾʲôʱܻ
⣬ɫճգͺһʯһ㡣
ֱڶ죬Ļ᲻𾢵رѧУ·Ƽ׾ƾƵӰϲٵس˹ȥƾƣƾơеĻϲ˭
׾ƾƴʱ׸аȥУһ಻ϵĸߺͷƼĻɱӰ
Ļʱ򣬰׾ƾƵҲԾ¶Ц
Ƽˣ΢ĿĻϡ
һǳε꣬ͦΣ緢䣬üĿڵ۶ЩҪÿ
Ҫ˫ƯУֻĵ׾ƾһˡ
̲ס͵ЦǾƾƵѰɡ
ÿֱ·ˡ
ƾƾɲŮò䲻һ
׸ˣкӳʵƯ
˵ǰ׾ƾƣǿﶼϲ
ƾƣˣ
Ļϲѣ뵽Լ췢Ϣ׾ƾûأ̲סʵҷϢ㣬ôû˵
лССıԹİ̲סЦ
û뵽ȥ߸ԾƾƵʱһСë
Ļע⵽ߵһСӦǰ׾ƾƵĸĸ
һӾͽֽŶ֪ΰţͰ͵غ尢̡
׸ĻĿ⣬ǳĺͰףСӣǼҾƾƵѰɣ
ûüشĻİ׾ƾƣ
ǣڶô
׾ƾƶĻ𾪵Ŀ⣬ͣȴĻ˵͵صͷԵģ尢̣ǾƾƵѡ
׾ƾƣ
Ļ˼ﺬǵƾϢ˵ص۶飬һֱûɵأ֮ǰϢҲûأҲ֪ʲôԽŻô尢ǰʧˡ
ôòֶµĺӣصǳֺÿ̬ȷǳѺãԶԶԣȷʵе£㷢ϢʱҲ֪ǾƾѾͷߣûظ㡣
𣿡
Ļ۾һӾˣĿˮһڰ׾ƾƵϣᣬð׾ƾƶ̲ס
⵽ôݱģ
裬ǣǡ
׾ƾҪ͵Ļﻹû˵ֱ꣬ĻӲشϣ尢̣ǽѧУʲôλǣ
˰һֿۣ˿׾ƾƣ֪Լò˵ɰ׾ƾԼ͡
׾ƾаɣаɣŮѵ˵
ҪȽ
ϾպѧУϿΣͬͬȻʡ
ϵʱ򣬰׾ƾҲʹʾ׾ƾƵġ
׾ƾƱĬϰãǵ˵
ɧŵ㡣
ãӵ۶תУԺͬһѧӦͬͬѧ
Ļ˵ͷϵ˰׾ƾƻص۶顣
ص۶Ǵõ飿
׾ƾƵͷԵģ
˳ŽԼĻ˵ǶĻҲǳΡ
ҪĻӦһ԰׾ƾҲǰԤ롣
ǰ󣬸а׸һۣԽĿ϶׾ƾƸĻĸãȻĻ׾ƾôĻ˵Щأ


153 
֪׾ƾҪȥУ칫ҰתУ, ĻǳʶȤοʹ֮󣬱ʾԼȥϿ
ϾҲֲʲôæ
Ҫ, Ļı΢΢, Ŀڰ׾ƾǺÿü֮ϣԾŵϲ֮, Ѿǵڰ׾ƾƵİǰȹԼĵλ
ջѾget
尢, лĻġҼ尢̾;úأ
ðð, ´þƾƴؼң尢̵ա
ֺ, ڸղţĻ˽⵽ȫУڶ, ֮ǰһֱȫУһΪƾƷ׷λ͡
ƽʱѧУʱҲụලѧϰ, ϰ֮󣬻ӡ
֮ǻŬ
һǺúѧϰ, ϵĺú
ԼҾƾͻȻȫɼͻͽ, ǲΪĻİ
Ϊ⣬ĻԽԽϲ
ļҳһԼĺһӦǵĵĺӵĳɼ½
, ǲһ
һ׾ƾƳɼôȶ, ֮ǰȫصһ, Ǹ˵ĺ, һ㶼ԼŮΪɼ˲
ڶ׾ƾԸȶɿ֪Լڸʲôһ㲻Ҫĸن¡
ǼҲóԼŮһǳأҪԻụ೶ȡ
Ȼõܹ˹ͬɳĸôܻĸǡ
ʲôʲôԼҲĵĺܡ
ֵߵߵĿĻ뿪֮п֡
ƾƣҵȷʵһ˲ѧϰɼֺãǲ֪ʲô
ϾһμҲŵ˼Сѣûʵôϸڡ
׾ƾƿЦã裬ѣ㲻ҪˡǾͨͬѧ
ͣһ£ֵؿ׾ƾƣ㲻ҪΪ㣬ô˵ղĻѾˣ㻹ʲôã
׾ƾƣ
˵Ҳ֪ĻôͺƤ
Ȼ֮ǰ֪ĻϲģĻһֱûᣬҲȥᡣ
ల²
˭뵽Ȼץᡣ
׾ƾҲǾǸ˲Ű
ǰƾ㲻Ҫúߡ̸֮顣ĺ˧ѽ
˫ĶǶĻĿޡ
׸ͬؿڵСӿȥͦģɲܹ
׾ƾƣ
ûط˵ȥ
ˣ˵ˣȥУ칫ҡ
С
Ҳư׾ƾƳϣ֮ǰһֱþƾؿףʮǸء
顣
תѧķǳ졣
һڵ۶ĳɼͲȻҲᱻЩͬѧһֱӡ
а׾ƾȫʡһڣ飬У϶Ҳῴϰס
㶨֮УֺǺǵعϲ׾ƾƻȫʡȫƾһó֮ǰһֱûóĽ졣
׸˵ֱ֮ϲ
Ҳû뵽һѧУȻԼұŮȫʡһĺϢ
ҪҲĳ٣˯磬ԶûܸһϢ
ϲ㶼̲סȵصɴ۾
ԭƾô
ѧܼѧϰɼĪ
Ǻ
Ҳ׾ƾˣϻۣ
ĬĬһԸϣڰ׾ƾƵߣܹһ̫ͬҫ
ӹУĽ𣬰׾ƾҲسУл
У˹ĳһ飬߰׾ƾƣպҪʲôֳֹпѧŵĻҪ绰ѧУʦֱӱ
ǧܱǺȥⷽķ
±Ƶİ׾ƾƣ
У⻰е󰡣
У˼֮ǰⷽҹңƼˣ
УͷûյʱҴŽȥ㣬ûڣſײһо˵Ե۶֤Ĵʦ˵ǡ
У˵ĴӵۣǸʱ򻹱˾ΪԷһû飬׾ƾֲڣֻǲ֮
Уôһ˵׾ƾƺ֪ܿ˭
Ӧþ֮ǰᵽԴʦһˡ
ֻû뵽Уײϡ
û뵽ԴʦȻΪǣʦ
Ҳǣ׾ƾԾԼҲûʲôطܹʦġ
Уĺ⣬׾ƾЦӯӯرʾ֪ˣ϶ʲôΥҼ͵顣
ѧ
УһЦ˰׾ƾƵİȹȥϿΡ
а׸֮󣬰Ű׾ƾƻȥ༶
׾ƾƻϵͬѧ˷ֱܵӣѧѧڻˡ
ѧԵ˭ѽ
վڽ̨ϣʾҰͬѧǣ֪׾ƾͬѧˣҶܸˣǰһ¡
׾ƾߵλͬѧа㣬ǰ׾ƾƵݣӵ۶תѧУϿΣӽ쿪ʼǰϵһԱһӭ
һѧ׷׾ԭѧе۶𣿡
Ȼڵ۶ѧĻôСط氡
˶ƴԴõĵطôСطأ
ԵǺĿ⣬Щš
׾ƾļ򣬸
ͷһЦ˿ʼҽܡ
ܹóһ÷ǳľͬѧҲ壬ţ֮󣬱׷
Ǹ׾ƾӣΪͬѧ滹ͦθڵġ
ټϸôĶթ
ˣȻǻӭ
ڰλãΰ˰׾ƾƵߡ
׾ƾԭͬجģֱĵĲС
ƾƣҲ̫ù˰ɡ
޿󣬡ǲǵȰϤ༶֮ͻͬѽ
󣬺ǲ˼ƾƣҸûϵġ
׾ƾưڰ֣óһԼǰϻķ͸
´ٻλõʱҾ͸ʦͬô
һҪҲΪչá
ҲôСˣжô˵ˣһȻǵͷӦ¡
˵Ҳ԰ʲôֻϰԵˡ
Ϊа׾ƾƵĺԵټϰ㱾Ըӣ»û۸裬Ҳس飬ܿͽ˲ٵѡ
ð׾ƾƾҲͦ˵ġ
ȻܹסһӣǰԼ϶ʲôҪ
Ҳܸм׾ƾƵİ
ҲԼľ
ԼȻȻ뿪۶СطȻĻڵĸġ
һͨСͬѧ죬ǰԣѧϰҪǳԼǸӡ
á
ŴЦһģֻһ̿ʼٴ﷫𺽣ǰһˡ


154 
޽, Ļϰߣõıʼǣ׾ƾƵĽȥ
ʱѧ½½ضѾȥ, ĶϰԼץʱ俴ͬѧ, Ҷ¹ڡ
׾ƾƲûΪǵһѧУǰ뿪Ϥᡣ
෴, Ҳһڰ༶ѧϰ, Ϊ׾ƾͬҡ
׾ƾƵұ˾û, Զ˸㣬Ǹպá
Ļ, ʱ΢΢һ, תͳͷ΢Цʾ⡣
ڼĻʱҲЦЦһĿڰ׾ƾƵ, ҾƾƵ𣿡
Ļͷ
׾ƾ̧ͷʱ, ˳־ñָָǰλãǰ, λáҹ޽ٴ顣
, , Ȼʲô֪
ĻҲ, Ц, ͣ崺һ㣬Ҷ¹̲ס͵͵ĸЦ
ѽѽСʤ»鰡
ĻЦģ±˲̸֪Ƶġ
Ҹ⼸õıʼǡ
˵֮Ļ˶٣֮ǰ׾ƾͬѧıʼǡ
׾ƾȴֽӹЦеҾ֪áһζûͬѧ衣
⻰һĻ˲̹ˣǵЦҲԽߣȴǿķǵͬѧҲûйϵݶܲ©ȱ
׾ƾЦЦؿһۣΪ֪ĻʲôӴ
ˣȴѼӲ
͵͵ؿǶˣҲеС
Ļûǰʼдҵ෴ģְ˰׾ƾϵ鱾ŵһԣȻԼת׾ƾţԾŵһࡣ
㣺Ŷ
ôҲҪžƾ
׾ƾƵǶľٶûκε飬һ߷Ļıʼǣһ߷ɿؼ¼˳㻹ѯһĻѧУ״
дʼǵʱЩצĺͼ͵ǰƣǼղͼǳԲǴ൱Ƿ
׾ƵǲηЩһץһš
ǰֿס
һдҵһԣддĪؾͳˮ
Ӷüֻ
̲סֹƾƣôıʶˣҲ̫˰ɣ
׾ƾƿѾŶ쿴ĿĻ̲ס̾˿
⼸ĻҲ̫ùȻ΢Ц˵һ
ɴط˱ʣкĻȥͷֶдҵϾͻ
˵֮˳ֳ˰ߵЩţԼıʺС
ŶһղžƾƳʼǻô죬ôתͷҪĻˣ
ߺûã;ñʴĺ󱳡
һŤͷıҶ¹żԵ
ûУûУղƾҲƲסĻ˼ˡ
ǰһŵͷԣҹʱ򣬾ƾƵѾͰˡ˵˺һĻ
һϢŮ˷ܣϾ׾ƾѧУʱɴûϹĻ飬Ҳڴ֮ͥȽܵ顣
ôһ˵Ȼ˷ܣߴٰིһ㡣
һǶڰ׾ƾƵ֪൱
뵽̲סʧЦþƾƻôŬⲻǰͬѧ֪
׾ƾƿɲ֪ڰǵν飬Ļ˽䣬ɵĻڴһЩѹס
ĻܿҲԼЩͬˣлؿ׾ƾƣлл㣬ƾƣָ鷳
׾ƾưڰ֣һҲ⣬ûʲô֮ͶѣҰҲкô
Щ½ɲǰ׸ġ
˵֮󣬰׾ƾƱҪת뿪ؽңһȴǱĻס֡
׾ƾƣ
Щ㶵ŤͷͼĻһ˫ضЩš
ƾƣϰǲѣǲΪڰǰң
׾ƾƵһӵĻҪ˵ЦõΪ㷢˸軹ΪҸ̸ء
Ļ΢ôûΪʲô̻ôΪ
׾ƾƿڣһûüͣͲҿڽ͵ĻᡣⲻֱȥˡȵѧУһ㣬Ϊѡ
´ѧУʱٹǸúýͽ͡
˵ҲǣҪĪӦһҲôΪġ
Ű׾ƾƽüۣĻôܼˡ
˷õĻᡣ
λ˷֮Ҳ֪²ҵµĻᡣ
Ű׾ƾƵֲţһԽԽơ
׾ƾƴһ˽յ֣һ٣̧ͷͼĻŵؿڣǾƾƣҲǸѡ
ϲ㣬뵱ѡ
ܸ𣿡
ţĻԼˣ
ĵطǸղѹȥĺͬħһӿצŽ׾ƾû
ƺΪĻ̫źҲͻ
ȥ֮⣬ĻϵĹ½ҲǴʢ
ܹƼһĻᾪطһһ֯һԵøĺˡ
ҲΪˣ׾ƾƲĻ˵ġ
ЩЩΪѡ
ĻҲûҪ̸׼
׽׽׬Ǯ
Ҫ˵ĻûоĻҲǼ١
ϾĻ׾ƾŻǾͦĿ
ƾơ
׾ƾƳʱĳĬĻǳţһӾDuangҲΪˣϵĺҲ֮˥
֪ҸֲˡȲܱ㣬ֻ㱣ҡңҲһֱôȥġһŬǿѧû취ﵽ㣬һԼŬǮȨ䣬޹˼ɡ
Ȼ˵Щ϶ڻһᣬ㿴ܲܳɾֻΪܵĻٸҷҲûϵ
˵ҹԵֿϡ
׾ƾ󣬺Цˡ
С̵Ǵͦá
ĻǽŵϢģ׾ƾ룬Уѵλþһ¡絽ûĳŵֻ;Ҿø̸ûʲô˼ôжϡ
׾ƾԵˣȻĻ˵ô΢ˣҪǲӦĻԵö಻鰡
ǰӼ׾ƾƶû̸أô˵أҲ볢Ŀˡ
Ļһ׾ƾô˵ʱ˸ûӦ
ֱ׾ƾת༶ȥ˷ܵػعһѳ˹ȥڼ׾ƾƵʱֽɲ
С͸ֻСһ˵ͣ
ҹɫ֮£ĵ֣ǣס˰׾ƾƵ֡
׾ƾûз˵ղĲǻ
뵽Ļͷλε¶˰ѵһɵЦ
Ȼɹˣ̫ˣ
¹ˮڰ׾ƾư׾ϣĨЦԵÿ
л˵


155 
ͬѧԴ׾ƾƴӵ۶֮, ĻĴԽԽࡣ
ֻϰ󣬹سǰࡣ
ڱɿμϢ˵Ŀ⣬Сǹ, С, СЩʳͶι׾ƾơ
Ϊ׾ƾƵλÿټ쿪͸, Ļʱ, ÿ, ֱӾܴӶͳЩСʳŵ׾ƾƵϡ
׾ƾҲȻܣӹĻʳʱ, һЩ
ţĻͻ¶һðеҸ΢Ц, ƮƮ뿪
صͬѧֱǼʵصᡣ
̫ˣ̫ˣ
ǰǻҴţװһʲôϵû, ֻǺúѧϰĺôڵãֱӾͱɴ, ȫ޾˵Ŀ⣬ֱԼɼ, Ϊ죡
ǵģû, ɼã
ڰ׾ƾƻ֮ǰ, ǰİȾѾ˷ܵڰ׾ƾƳΪʡ, ȫƵһ, ڵĻȫƵڶ
ѧУѧȫʡĵһڶ˵ǽУõҫǿдУʷġ
ͬѧعʾţƣ̫ţˣ
˵ѹһڶôˣɲѧϰɼ
ᣬɵȥʦΪ֪ʦ˵ˣҲʲô
Ͼʦ֪ˣǺαûȤ
ҪľòƽǾŬԼĳɼɣĻҲּܷ
ڰ׾ƾƵߣҲ˳űͶι˲٣û칦򣬸оվЩˡ
ЩգЩ۵ؾԼּҵʱ򣬳ԷһĥУžĺܡ
УÿԵúã˯úùֿģа׾ƾƵĶͶιԼͬѧʳǷַӳֵĽࡣ
ֱ۵ĸ
壬׾ƾƸʰö׼ؼңĻؾŮ¥µš
·ŮͬѧƼĻͬʯһģĽ֡
ô˧ôרһ׾ƾǺ˰
ҲǣĿǰΪֹֻа׾ƾ޾Ļĵùʣһֱͬͬϵôá
˵ĻͿס
˵ĽҲа׾ƾı¿ס
ƾƣ
Ļ΢Цʾ⣬̤ǰӹ׾ƾ鱾ıɵؾͱԼļϡ
ĬĬض˶ԼļٴξԼǧߵݡ
˵˵ЦЦ߳УſڵʱĻȻͣ˽Ų׾ƾ˳߿ȥͼſվİˡ
Ϊ׵˿ŴͰڼǵʱ۾һ
׾ƾȻĻ֮ǰҹԴʦ
ĻͷԵû
ڰ׾ƾƻ󲻾þ͸ᵽ۶λʦ
Դʦڼ׾ƾƵʱ黹ЩżģϾڴ֮ǰѾ¼̵˰׾ƾƵţҪôһ֮ŽӴôܲأ
ǰ¶֮⣬ǰ׵ѰɣԵ۶ǹ³ⲿŵ֤ʦԵѾС
Դʦ̬ȷǳǫѷ˵𾴣ͽȻ֮࣬־Ȼ
ȻǰССĳɾͿɲһܱȵϵġ
ҲϽѧʦӣ׾ƾƽԼ
׾ƾؾ֪ǵ⣬Ҳûоȡ
Ǻã֮ǰУĻ˵ҵ顣
׾ƾƿ˿Уſڣ絽̲һ
ĻȴǿڵҼѧУԶȥҼҰɡ
׾ƾƵͷҲС
һ˷ȥĻҡ
;У׾ƾƻ˸绰ȥ˵£ԼһЩؼңҪǵ۶һλʦ
ڶ԰׾ƾƿ˵ǷĵĺܣҲûʲôֻð׾ƾСġ
ĻҺԴʦкööҪʰ׾ƾƣǾΪ̫࣬ȴһʱ֮䲻֪ӺŸ豭ˡ
ǰ׾ƾֱԴʦʲô顣
ԴʦŰԼԼʶĹ˵һ飬ἰ֮ǰЩûа׾ƾƵֱʡ
׾ƾûֱ˵лûֻǱʾԼ˰˼Сæ
ôһ˵ԴʦʵѾҲûм׷ʣ֣µ׾ƾԸԸⲿš
ⲿ³ĲţҪ׵֮ǰһЩѧ¼Щ¼ͨ촦ˣԾҪЩⲿŵԱ
˵֮Դʦ¼ŵĺôڴֵؿŰ׾ƾơ
׾ƾɫԼⲿûʲôȤ
һǸѧѧҵΪأû취Щ顣ڸ߶ˣ߿ûжˣҵúúŬ㿼۶Ĵѧء
Դʦ׾ƾƾܾΪλûɡ
ȷʵоݡ
׾ƾʮ
һʮţ
ԴʦЩţ̾ϢһȻ˵Ļô֪׵ڿʱְܼܲһⲿŵĹȻǲü򵥵鷳׵ѣһЩԴİʱǲǿԽ׵Ѱæһ£
Ȼǲٵġ
ְ׾ƾƵǻмȤҲΪ˵ѧȤ
뿪ڵҲУҸȤĻҿԽ֡
ԴʦϲЦտǲС
̫ˣɰ׵ѣͷϾһֵʬ
׾ƾü˵˵
ģżǰʡϱһһڼУ״ңѪǱ˳ɣ֮⣬ڲԶĽֵϻвٶʬҲˡ
참ԱҲѯʹԱûҵκɵ㡣ǻӸ¼йأ˽ϱҽҲΪطԱǴ˳㡣
ɲڣȥ˵۶һʱİ˲ȥ⼸ʬ壬أȻΪǵĿǰΪֹҶûҵκɵ㣬Ҳڸ׵ûҵǸ
ԾҰ׵æε˼䣬ĻʳԽ࣬Խ»Ϊһ
׾ƾʱѧУͬѧᵽɱ˰
Ȼǲ֪ٷҲǱ̬
飬׾ƾȻ岻ݴǣټĩеʱ䴦
Եѣдڹ𣿡
У
Դʦ׼ķǳ֣׾ƾôһʣͽܽڴӰݸ˰׾ƾơ
׾ƾڷ֮ǰ̧ۿĻ㣬Ļɫ󵨣ԼʬüͷҲûжһ¡
ǰŮӣԸ͵ӣԴʦô˵ʱЩ㷲
׾ƾҲԼڣһЩ»棬ŵ㡣
˱ҿܲؼˣҽȥɣðְ赣ġ
㱾뿪뵽ɱ˰ԼôС϶׾ƾϺȣԱ֪ȤصͷǺãȻȥƾԼҪСһ㡣
׾ƾ΢΢һЦİɣõҡ
˳˼ŻźãһСҶˡ


156 
СҶ˻, ڰϣС첲С, úڱʵ֥С۾Ҳ·ԡ
СҶʱ׾ƾ, Խˡ
ʲôÿɰѽ
Щܳ͸ҵᶯ
׾ƾ΢΢һЦ, Ե, СҶ, ʲôż飬ԸСҶ˵, ҵġ
WOWô𣿡
˶, ԭƾƻֶΣͻȻ͸оȫ
Ļԭ׾ƾƸַûʲôоϾǾƾƵ, ׾ƾչӦõġ
ǿ׾ƾƸ˰һ޶СҶ˺Ϳʼˡ
ѵĶûоƾ͵СҶˣƾʲôУ
ѵھƾƵĿﻹȲϰ
Ļ, ۾ֱضСҶˣĺԼ֪, ƮƮƣֱСҶ˱ȥ
׾ƾüһݣһ, ץסǺ, ֱֱһ, Ļϳһѡ
Ȼͬšš, ųɺţűҪ󣬰׾ƾͷҲûʲôԷţǸɴֱɢ
ĺҪж٣˶ˣʲôʱþʲôʱá
ѾĻѹƹһôͺֲˣ
׾ƾƺɵؿùȥͼĻίͰ͵ضֳ֮˳ǻСҶˣ֮Ա
ĿԭյĺŬĿʼԾ
׾ƾƻȻЩ档
ĻùͬʱȻƾĵ.ж
ڴ֮ǰû
ŶҲڴ֮ǰĻ.
ţһ͸㡣
׾ƾһ̯֣һֻСҶ˾ͳ֮ϡ
ܹСҶˣһ͸㣬һ͸Ļɡ
ϾĻڵиСҶ˰æϢҲǱȽҪġ
СҶֶö࣬Ҳۡ
ĻС̯֣СҶԼ֮ϡ
СҶԲͷԲԣƺҿ˰׾ƾƵĻĻ֮ϣ̽Եȥȥֿɰ
Ļ¶ŨŨЦ⣬Ҳ̵ģ˵ƾġ
ллƾƣһúչġ
׾ƾЦŵǲôչˣҵڣóԲúȣ¶⡣֮һͳɡ
׾ƾȴǲ֪Լ赭дⷬԴʦʦͽ˵ж𾪡
ڼ׾ƾóô༫ƷʱǾѾЩ˳
⼫Ʒڰ׾ƾĺֵĴײһͨ˭֪ЩʦΪ˻һżƷøŬôŬȥˣһн
׾ƾأɵؾóô˱ˡ
˵⼫ƷѾĽ֣ô׾ƾͳСҶˣȫԭء
ԲۣʲôһֶΣȻһҶƬСˣܶ׾ƾ˵Ļ
ó
׾ƾƵʵȻֲ˹
ԴʦһԼܹ׾ƾ£˹ֻǸְҲѾ˲ˡ
ôѭ浸صˣ
˵һСҶ˾㹻𾪣ôͳһСҶˣôɣ͸Ļ˶ˡ
ʰ׾ƾƻŶٱû֪
ԴʦץСҶϵܹģִ˥ˣû취֧СҶж
ҪǣСҶϵȿﻹҪŨأģ
ѵڰ׾ƾķ
Ҫ֪Ϊִ˥ߣƴʱҪϵʹ
ǸղСҶ˳Ĵʱǿû׾ƾʹùκεķ
ֱԴʦ׾ƾ˵һ㾪Լеıӡ
׵ѣ˼Լ֧СҶ˻õķ
׾ƾֵŤͷѽܲ˼ѵǲ𣿡
ݺһʦͽԴʦЦѣȷʵС˥ܣʩҪ֧šԼ׵Ż㾪ȡ
׾ƾŶһ֮ǰ춼һ춼һʩһ÷ĳǵģˣӡ
ǰ׵ܷǣεеģ
׾ƾΪǵĲͬҵĲǿеġ
еô鷳ԼõĻ
Դʦʦͽ˶Ҫ׾ƾⷬʶķ۸Ľˡ
ǸǣƴĴУ
ҲӲ֪ԭĴԼܹġ
׾ƾƺ˵Ǹ磬棬ÿеӶܵԼڵ
ֻ˵粻ͬѧͬŻᵼĲ𣬰׾ƾҲΪ
ԴʦҲûǿ󣬱ϾŸͨôܻһأ
ߺ󣬰׾ƾſ˾ڡ
ܹĸˣȫˣڷܺʱ׾ƾƵͫ΢ָڶԷһƬ˼¡
ĻҲ棬ڿԷʱҲһ㶣ܶ
Դʦʶ
ĻͷҸƾƶʶ֮ǰƾưһ顣
һߣͬ׾ƾƵϣȻǲܶ
ʱһġ
Ҳ˵ֵͬʱ
ܶ״ңǰʬײһֻʣһͷ­ȫ
Եûϵ˼
ƺޣ
ֳͼƬѪȶŻǰ׾ƾƻĻɫÿ
ǲܶĸ״ġ
ȫѪҺɣ˲԰֫ҲûޱȣҲǰ߱ʬ
ֲܶʱԼĴϰ˯˯ȥƽ
ͬ˯֮Уϵľ֮ɫȴԶ׼
Դʦڰ׾ƾǿʱһ߽ͣȥĸֵܹϵ⣬ûκεǣĸ֮ҲûʲôΪҪǣǶ벻Ȼ
׾ƾƴ˵ֳƬϸһźϾڡ
ô
ĻѯʣҼǵǸʱ㻹һ䣬ܶ˺ԬɵСֽˣԬɻҷˡǲǸйأǲԬʵûлҷ𣬷
׾ƾƳſڵܡ
ԴʦԬ̲ס˵ǵܺߵӣ
׾ƾƵͷ֮ǰܶԬɵ˵˳
Դʦ͵һȣ϶Ůϵ
׾ƾƵ˵ʲôèèһߵ״𣿾أ
ڲûи⼸ӷһ˵ǲ࣬ʵҲЩ˾ûаǺϲΪһ
ԴʦҲˡ
׾ƾƿָڰֳƬ˼£ɫһݣ˵Ϳڵߣȥ
Դʦһ㶣ʲô𣿡
׾ƾɫ˵Ļģһݵ󷨡
Դʦôû


157 
˵Դʦ, ԴʦͽȦġ
ô֮ǰǲ鿴ڵʱûνʲôأ
⼸УԼֻĻġ
Ͼʲô֪, ʲô, ־嶼մߡ
˴ģһСʱĳ, ˰ֳ
طȥ, С, ١
Դʦͽܿ˺һûܿʲô, ԴʦŰ׾ƾת˼Ȧ֮󣬺Ȼ, ǹɷ󣡡
׾ƾƵͷɫ΢䣬ûҿӦѾʮˡ֮ǰǲǷس
ֻ, ʬĵطγ
󷨾ǼΪݣһ, ûմȾĹ궼ʧȥǣ嶯ɱ, ʳ˵ѪΪر
һʱѪϴ֮˵ٻ, Ϊū͹̡
ɷϴ, һҪԶԸ
ԴʦϽͽѯزԱ, ܿ͵õϢ
ʮǰ, ȷʵǷس
ֻչڴʦ£ûѹ֮ǰسԸΪС
ΪС֣ʢ
ֻڸУǷ˵ʲôŻ˸С
ڼһֱû⣬ֱų¡
׾ƾȻǹ˴󷨲Żᷢ顣
Ӧ
Դʦ֣û뵽Ȼһݵ󷨣֮˼ֱɥĲ
»ҰѾǹˣȻҪեһüֵ
ȻǷ󷨡
׾ƾ赭дһ˵ɷеҪɱ˾žŰʮһճΪĻ֮Ҫɱ֡ĿǰΪֹԷֻĸˣԶԶôʵҲûеô¡
ֻҪ󷨣ץסܽ
ɷศɣԽɷɷҲء֮ǰ˲ҲΪ󷨱¼ʮ˴ȻɷҲʧĸɸɾ
󷨱ɷ֣ð׾ƾܹҳƻ󷨵ķ
׾ƾ˵ļ򵥣ǼԴʦЩ
Ҫν⣿
ɷԴʦȻ֪ҲǴ￴ģڴ֮ǰδӴ
һ˻費˵Ļ֮˵ı¿϶֮ϡ
ư׾ƾͲʲôµӣԴʦҲûô
ڰ׾ƾ˵ȷʵǼ򵥡
ԼǸʱ󷨲֪ƹٸ
Դʦֻ֣Ψһ鷳һ㣬Ҫȵҹ˾
Ͼ󷨱ƻܵӰ϶ǰ󷨡
Ҫҹ϶ֻš
˰׾ƾƵȥԸȵҹʱ¡
ͽô飬׾ƾƾȻԷ
ԴʦҲ֪ɷ֮ĹԶڰ׾ƾĽ鲢ûз
ȷʵҪҹɲУ
Ǽ˸طϢ
Դʦֻⲿŵͬ½ŽҪ֣׾ƾƸĻóԾǶܱʼ顣
ʱʱдͽ̸һ£ٶȼ졣
ͽܾô߰ԾƤһһŵر
ٶȾ͸Ƶģ
ĵĥ飬׾ƾƾȻǶдҵ˵˲ˣ
˭˼ұǿǾҰ
ûǵʦƵģֻܸڰ׾ƾƵƨɺȥ
۳Ű׾ƾдԾʦֵܶ˻Ϊܸ˵ϻ鵽׸ô졣
׾ƾɶҲû˵˵ܴĻϰµģҲ֪ʲôܹѹס
ղųԷʱǵʦ͸˵˾ɷһҪѲѶԸ
һǽӴѾѹɽ󣬾͸һ㼶ģɲúú׼һ
Ȼ˼ҺûǸ
ʦֵֻܶǽʾ֭ػǰʦǡ
ҹʮʱ׾ƾƿڣ
Ͻ׵ѣӦôЩʲô
׾ƾɨߵЩνķ˳־ͽԼ֮ǰһЩӸǣЩС
˵֮󣬾Ų뿪
ֵеЩƷ֮˷ܵĲ춼ˡ
ҹʮ㣬ʢɷСɷʮ㡣
⼴ûܱߵľҲΪɷ壬ù
׾ƾվ룬˵ɴ۾ؿţͼɿŷĬһ룬ԴʦԾܸоеɷ֮ʧĺܿ졣
ţ˴ֵƮɢĴ
׾ƾƷ䵽ɷĸϣݵһ£һȼյž졣
ûʲôȼչÿ˶ᵽŨصĶζ
ڴʶסڱ֮ʣʢϢԶǿѹǲ㴭
Դʦɫһľע⣬Ҫˡ
λͽһ飬ʶذĻ
Ͼ԰׾ƾ˵ǷǳҪһˣôҲֻԴ޷
ĻҲԹԵضں棬鷳
ȵԽԽĻһڰգһ˫ѪɫͫɷضŰ׾ƾƿԬ˭
Ȼ
׾ƾƼԬɵһ˲䣬΢̾˿
û˵ʲôֱӶ֣û齣Ԭɡ
ʱԬѾȫûǣڳͷ£ֱ̣׾ƾƶȥ
׾ƾ齣׻⣬ַӾͷɵԬɵǰ
Ԭɱŭ֣ɷӿȾƬ춼ɷ֮ǱڣСȻ׾ƾ˫һӣһ֯ĴסһĶֵأɷӳȥһ㣬ԬɸϽŴУ׾ƾȴὣ˺֮˹ȥ
ԬɸϽɷȥȴ㵵ط齣ɷֱӴı塣

ͬһյʹԬɼؽϵظʴɷŤţ޲ͷɷˣȫ׾ƾɻ⡣
ýֱ̫ӽ齣תϰõޡ
һһ´Ԭɵϡ
ϵɷ֮ɢøɸɾ
˫ѪɫҲر˺ɫ
ʹǽ
Ԭٴ۾ʱȴһĮİ׾ƾơ
˵ЩʲôЩ׷ɵļȴǺһ¾ʹС
ԬԭͲ԰׵ɫ˲øֽһ˶ĲԼ
ɱˡ
Ҳֹһ
ҪȻɱ˶
ܶʬΣͣĥһһشϹ⣬ʹ࣬УԼȴЦ
Ԭȫ޷Լô
ôܻԴܶ
ɱ˲֮ܶ΢ЩڶֽܶʱֱֻѪûôŰضԴʬס
ǼǻԬҲ޷ԭԼ
Ǻ޹ܶ˺СֽˣҪɱܶ
״ʦ⵽ΪʲôΪʲô
ԬɿŰ׾ƾƣѪᣬ֣ҷó


158 
׾ƾ̾ϢŽһ, طйɷУ״, Ӱ, ʧȥǣɱվѪ, 
㺦޹, ֺ˲ܶܶ, ȫΪ󷨵ԭɺǵĶ
˵֮, ׾ƾͣһԲܶô, пΪڼʱ֮ǰԹɢ󷨵ļӳ£ŻӺŵ顣
ԬɵѪһһλ, Ѫɷۣ֮ѪԽ࣬Խ
ʱ, ԬѾЩˡ
ɱˣһ˲ܶܶ, ԼȥҲչ档
԰ؿ, ҸͲ֪ʲôɷ, 춹Сֽ˺֮, ܻ, ӼܳҪȥ㡣ȴ֪·ôߣͷӬһҴܣû뵽Լ󷨡
ʵ˺һ˵ʱǻеǵģǺܿǾʧˡ֮ҸͲ֪Լʲôǰ״ʦ֣ҵڶ֪ȻɱһŰɱ
ֻҪһӵѪɫ֫Ԭɵľͺķһ㣬۵
ǸʱǺûҪɱ
ΪʲôΪʲô
֪֪統Ӧ˶ĻΪ̣˵ʲôˡ
ԬɱޣĿУ꽥ɢʧһƬãҹɫ֮С
׾ƾĬĬؿţʧ֮Ѹٵ˸вдɷ֮ͨͨ
ȻջԼ֯Ĵ
Ϊ֮ǰ⣬¡
ĻֻĿһ³˾ˬޱȡ
Դʦͽܣľ㶵شԭء
ϵľķûóȥĻᡣ
Ѿ׾ƾƸˣ
ʻʲô׵ģ
ʻʲôڵӮţƣ
ԴʦĬĬջľǰһ岻ѡ
ͽܸǲʺƨϣ׾ƾذ˰֣ⲻʲô˺ȥ󷨡
˳󷨣һͼ׾ƾ˺Ȼն¹Ͼͷ··
ĻЩֻ֪ն趯İ׾ƾƣϲ
ɫͫеӰȫǰ׾ƾƵӰһһЦһһô֮ȥ
ɵؽ󷨣׾ƾȷûʲô©֮󣬲ŻصǰѾ㶨ʱ䲻磬ǿԻȥϢˡ
Դʦм׵ѹȻΪҪֻʦͽ˵Ļ»ôɵĽ
ͷͽҲ˷ܲѣǶ԰׾ƾƵ̬ʹǰĲмתΪ𾪣ڵĸʰ·硣
ýһȥ֮ǿ첻ͣ
Եѿˣ˵ҲЩϵæӦõġУ󷨵Ļ֮˻ҪԵúò顣
ԴʦͷȻ
׵ѣ͵ķղȫûϣڻ㡣
ͽܵݳʱĻڵѪǼƷ
׾ƾƲ⣬Ļǰȥã͸ǣЩһкܶࡣ
ǾõĻš
ʦֵܶˣ
ǿϲлл׵ѣлл׵ѣ׵ѣ̫ˡ
ôżƷֱҸĶҪȥ
ǵʦԴʦЩĽˡ
ص֮󣬰׾ƾơĻܿ˯£Դʦ˸˯š
ǿ̫˷ˡ
ΪʬἬֵĺܣûȫˡ
˭뵽׾ƾƴֱֱҵ󷨣ǶҲ
ǱдӮĸо
ˬ
ԴʦҹɷԼԬɵϷصⲿţȥ顣
ⲿŵͬ¶صȴԴʦߵĶΪڶһн
˭뵽Ͼ͸ôһϲ
׾ƾƹȻڣֲԴʦҪǰȥ
˯ϾŵȻѣ׾ƾ˸źĻԴʦԼͽܶѾھƵš
磡
׾ƾƵԴʦڵվ׵˯ú𣿴˯صͷ㿴ϲʲô
׾ƾƵлͿ
Դʦͽܻⲿŵӣַ˷üԼİӣԴʦʹĻ˳˼֦ĩϸڲ
Դʦ˼֣ڰ׾ƾƲϸ֮󣬷˼飬˵׵Щ䣬źܿܽЩаץ鰸
׾ƾ˿ڶ΢΢𣬿ȥżɰ֮ɫ
ÿǻһˣҾҲҪע⡣
˳ھͽ۶ҵڤ鰸ԼԼ֮ǰӴĻڤ鰸Դʦ
ٵڤ鰸Դʦоڵġʵİǻ
а׾ƾƵһ䣬Դʦͷ׵ѣģô֤ݣ⺦˵Ĵʦǿ϶ܹץ鰸Ȼܸ۶Ǯ˼ҴϹϵôȦӦв֪ġ
׾ƾƵͷڵ۶ҵʱҪı
ڤӣһʱ֮仹ˡ
ҿԴʦܰϱ
ԴʦһⲿΪܵģ϶ҪȰ׾ƾԼɺܶࡣ
ڣЩͲð׾ƾԳˡ
Դʦõ֮ȲؾҪȥ참ʱ͸׾ƾƵҪ۶
ǰЩġ
Ͼڰ׾ƾߣԼǳ
׾ƾƱʾٵʱȥ۶ʱлٸԴʦдд衣
ԴʦȻ뿪ϾҲûˡ
뿪󣬰׾ƾƸĻûֱؼңǣ֣Ĺ˽֣Լ˻ᡣ
͸ͨСһһ𿴿Ӱѹѹ·ԳʳĻð׾ƾƵֻӰ˺ܶƬ
׾ƾԴֻ֮󣬺ʹȦҲٿȦ
Ȼ֮ĻֱԼȦϴǵĺգҲǹ
ȻĻԼVûм˵ģⲻô
֮󣬾͵Ű׾ƾж
׾ƾƴʱűܣֻĻôڣûж֮󣬻Ϊϡ
˳ûʹˣȻűܡ
ųţ;úﲻԣһŤͷƼĻ˫۾ֱֱضﻹ¶İԹ
׾ƾƣ
ƾƣ㶼ûзǵĺգȦﶼ
׾ƾƣ
գ
ͳֻǧ겻Ȧˢһ£ȻƼĻ˺գм򵥵õİ
׾ƾŶһСᶼϲȦ
аɣаɡ
ȻѶô˵ˣŮѵôܹСԸ㹻İȫأ
˰׾ƾCopyĻİһģһƬ
˰ɣһƾ֪һԡ
Ļ˹üĿ֮Ǵɫչȥڰ׾ƾƵıҧһڣȴһƬ



159 
Ļ׾ƾ۵ԼŻ, Ȧˢ˺շ·ݣϵѧըˡ
˲ð˲ð, ѧ̸, ԭҲô۽ӵ
ڼǳصİ׾ƾƵİΣ, дҵĲ, ʱʱһͷϵСҶˡ
ֲͨСҶ˸׾ƾƷκϢ, »Ӱ쵽׾ƾơ
ֱ༶Ⱥ˵ģһֱ, ȥһʱ俴ıǰ׾ƾƸĻĺա
Ů, ഺžͽ˾
ٷϢ֪ԭڰ׾ƾƵȦͼģ׾ƾƸĻԼᣡ
֪ð͵ľ˿
ܹԼô, ǿǸνʬӦûжֲ
ͷˡ
۶ǱߣһŴĸ޴ŵİĸˢ׾ƾȦĺպ󣬾һ
ԼŮ, ĸһ֪
绰ʰ׾ƾô£ֵ͵ĺ֮, ׾ƾʮûнӴͻȻǰѯʵĻŮ᲻ˡ
԰ĸֻܴ绰
Ŀе֪Ļ, Ϊ˿, ѧϰ, ԼŮ׾ƾǻﻥ, ͬ
һ⻰ĸŵҲ
ҲǣƾʲôӣĸûӴãҲ˽һ
϶СΪѧϰ˵Ӱδ
Ϊ԰ĸϸ˺յʱԽĻԽЩ졣
Ǿ˭ĸȴô벻
ǿȥкӵļͥ״֪ԼôҪǰ׾ƾ֪˿϶᲻ˣ԰ĸֻǰ£ûдô
ҪǾƾͻС˭ȷľкأ
Ҿƾô㣬Ժ׷֮꣬ҪǸôŵĻԺеͷ۵ġ
Ů㣬Ӧø˲ŶԣҵҲ˳ɫģġ
Ԭɵ֮󣬰׾ƾƾͻָѧȫԸĩԡ
ڰ׾ƾŬʱ򣬵۶ȴΪƱɫ
ǸڤŴʦԴʦץˡ
Է̰ƣôֻһҡ
˳˳ϣټⲿȻǷַӾܽ˸鰸
ȥŴʦ⣬ⲿڰ׾ƾƸһЩ£Щ˲Щѧֻûйٷͨѡ
ÿ˽ᣬԴʦᷢϢ߰׾ƾһһ˰׾ƾһֵĹ͡
׾ƾƶ⹦Ͳ͵Ĳ⣬ץ˾С
۶
ʦ۶³ⲿץ˲ٴʦһЩǵˣȫص˼˵׾ƾ湦ͲС
谵ķһ׷֮ϣһӴķ϶к룬ϣ̧ͷƱ鲼Ϲ䡣
ǰ׾ƾƣǻëѾͷʮǰĹɷ󣬺ԪˣȻⲿŲ˲֮ͬˣǺôθڡ
׷Ц˵̲֮סһ
ͽܼˣǲѣʦ㲻ҪŭСˡ
ͽҲû뵽ʦ֮ǰ󷨾ȻһëѾͷˣһɵʦϡ
֮ǰ괥ɷɱ˵ʱʦܸˣǵд˷֣ܶϵû⡣
˭뵽Ǹû죬ͱ׾ƾƸ
ҲΪ׾ƾ˲Žǵߡ
鲻֪һһ
׾ƾƾȻͣǻвڰ׾ƾġ
Ҫ׾ƾƾȻǵ۶׼ˣ֮ǰΪ䵽һСɽ塣
ҲΪ䵽Сɽ壬ԲһŽ̵ѧϰѧĻᡣ
ǸţҲҹ֪ĽǶԷѾȥ
Էڱӽӳȥûã͸Ⱦ˶
ԲǻԴʦ߶ûܴŵ֪Щʲô
ǵţ֪Էͽô
׾ƾƵı¿϶޹ء
ֻҲ޴ӿ֤
ʦõ׾ƾƵʱʧ̬󺰲ܡ
㵶ֱ˶΢΢ŤͿʼݡ
˵ʦı֮
֮£ûܱȵùʦ
ʦǿܴ֮δη׻ʦ׳
ֻϧӵûһѧʦľ裬Ƥë
ֵǣǴݣʦɫ䣬һ˲˶ήź˥˲١
Ȼѧ˲ڲϲ𣬵ΪǱȳҪ١
ʦƽҲŵɷ磬͸һ㡣
ֻһ֮ʦ·شټ֮ǰ󷨱ƣӣۿɼٶ˥
ʱͽܶ׷Բԣƺ֮ǰֵʦ
ٸϸŰ׾ƾƣһ춯ϸһ㱨
ǣʦ
׷ҲĿɫؿԼͽ뿪ɫѿ
ؿڣĿ綾һ䣬׾ƾƣ
⼸֣֮ŭݣͺҪ׾ƾ˾׽׽븹һ㡣
û뵽ԼݾȻ˰׾ƾϡ
֪׾ƾһ˺ϵ;ԼڻӵʱӦЩֶΡ
ǵģû׾ƾơ㻹ܷܷĹ
֮뻯Ƿ켫ʮǰ׼Ӱ졣
ǺӰ죬δݳ
ΪԷһְֻǽӸСɽҵĺӻ
һû׵Դ⺢ⱲӶֻʳ
ڼ䣬Ҳһֱϵݣһжͬչķǳ˳
Ϊˣؾͼ˶԰׾ƾƵļء
˭뵽Ϊһʱıչأһ֮綼췭ظı仯
ǰ׾ƾƴʣ˲ĺ£ݱ¶˹ⲿš
һѧ£Ҳ֪ǴĶѧġ
֮ǰһֱ޶ֻǸͨɽŮôһת۾ͱ
Ҫǵݵʱ򣬾Ʋ׾ƾƵδˡ
ݻһƬհף¹ذ׾ƾƵݶһ㡣
ļ²ѣԽð׾ƾ⡣
ֻҪ뵽Լıô꣬һϾ̲סѪѹߣٴοһѪȳˡ
Ͻ밵ң֮Уһ󷨣֮УһżСˣһдֵķ
С貣һȦĽ֮⣬ܱߺצһػ
̤Уָڽ֮ϣһǽԴԴϵؽڣӿȣ϶˲żС˵С
ⲻ֮˥ܵݹȣ֮ǰܵİҲȬ
տؿ⣬ĵ
½Ǻãôľ֡


160 
ʱٶ, ת۾͵˸߶ѧĩ
ĩǰͬѧЩȥ档
õĹ, Ȼǲ˷ˡ
, ѧھ͸, ҰҲϰ, ﶼ治ˡ
òҰ, ҲǣҰְרŸ˵۶ѧѧҲΣҲƣ
Ҷ¹², ̲סñʴ˴渴ϰİ׾ƾƵĺ󱳣ƾ, ӦòҪϰɣ
׾ƾƳɼôãҪǻҪϰĻĻЩ˻·
׾ƾŤͷЦЦǲ, ֻżҲҪдһ¾ӵġ֮ǰѾȷҪȥ۶ˡ
ãȥ۶𣿡
Ϊ׾ƾƻĺã֪ı, ֮ǰ׾ƾȥ˵۶¡
ȥ۶Ľˡ
׾ƾƵ˵ͷ, ɣ˳ݡ
ŶŶ˼ҲûΪʲô׾ƾƺȻڵ۶ݡ
Ͼð㶼Ǵӵ۶, ǵ۶Ҳʵ
׾ƾƽԾ, ƫͷһŬİ, , ҪﻹǸһص۶
ҡҡͷҾʹڼһ飬۶Ļûʲô˼ʮҶڵ۶󣬵۶˵̫ϤˣСɽҾø˼
ҰҲ֪׾ƾƴӦ׸ĸٻȥȥģͽȥʲô£
Щ棬ƾƣٶڵ۶Ļô죿
Ҳȥ𣿡
׾ƾһдѧԾһߵһû˵أʲô㣬ܻȥ򹤰ɣ
Ȼ׾ƾǮĻûнܡ
һˣôܻŮѵİ
޵ʱ򣬰׾ƾڸĻ©ȱֻ춯׾ƾһǰĸϢ
ʲôʱԽʲôʱ۶׼ʱɻƱ
׾ƾƻظŵȳɼ֮󡣡
Ļһ䣬˭أæ𣿡
׾ƾƽһ£ᵽԼҪǱߡ
Ļ
˲û˺飬ôûǰ˵
׾ƾ뿪ʱ䣬ڻкüأⲻͦǰ𣿡
Ļ۾ֱؿͫίӦڸ֮ǰ֪ͨҵġĩż찡
׾ƾƿĻίӣһ޹ؽҪС϶ᣬ㵽ʱҪһȥ۶ڼ
Ļһȥ۶ûסĵطѵҪס׼
ûûݵģ׾ƾƻֻŮѹϵððȻס˼ûмҽһ
ǿסھƵ꣬Ǽ£ѿ֧϶ܸߣǮ֧֧ϴѧġ
ĻҲѾüƻ׼ͬѧҵ졣
Ļʹҡͷ̾ϢУ׼ͬѧҵ
ֻÿһʱ䲹ϰ㡣ˣҾͶӼѧ׬Ǯоƾƣ֮ϵĺô죿
Ļ˵Ŀ⣬һ˫峺۾ҡβͣװĽëһ㡣
ģѾˣҲҵ˽ϾҸ㲻һһȥѹƲס֮ǰ鷳
⼸Ѿ뵽˽취ǵ͸ǸСҶÿңСҶ˳ǰͨСҶϵĺѹǡ
취ǰ׾ƾεʱεġ
СҶһȻܳɹ
ĻյŶһܸһȥġ
Ļӣ׾ƾ̲סͦ⻬ָв
ѽѽδһʱ仹ܳʱ㻹Լû˽˿ռأ
Ļɴ۾ô᣿ҿɴô롣ҰͲһء
˺һԲԾ滮һںۣ
ôԽԽþƾƸѺݻһ
˵Ůڸ᲻
ԾƾƵƣоϺҲûʲôë
С¸þͳɡ
ĸյ׾ƾƷϢ֮󣬸˵ĲС
ڶһӶǣװð׾ƾƵķ䣬Ҫñ顣
μʱҲ̲סС顣
ŰĸŮ׾ƾٻڵ۶ЩСҲܺ棬׷ðĸʱۻᡣ
Ͼ׼ұ¼ôãһֱŰĸܰ׾ƾơ
׼ȴһ춯ûУ粻˶ڻǲΪ׾ƾСɽô꣬԰׼Ը⽫ӻأԸ
ֻаĸϵõС֪ĸǲϲԸϻҪŮŮûǸ뷨
ⲻĸôһ˵С飬ʱ˽Сһۡ
ҲýһЩ֪׾ƾڰ׼ҵĵλʡһǲνء
ĸ߸˵Ӧˣ׼Ҹʱ뼸λõһ֣һ¾ƾơ
Ͼڵ۶ôһʱ䣬϶ҪƾƳȥʶʶġ
һʮʮ٣ܿ죬ϲ֪ĸŮ׾ƾҪ۶ˡ
˵׼ǸŮ㣬ʡƿƾһĺܡ
ʲôСɽŶˣҪǵ˵۶иǰһ㲻ˡ
Ҳô˵ɣʡһѾ൱㡣ҪɼֵĻΪʡĸ߿״ԪҲʲô¡
Ӵô𣿱ǿ׼ԽԽʹǵƨ
ô˵أ˵ʵҪ𣿡

źɫŮ˷˸ۣһԵĸȥ˰ĸǱߡ
ǰһ°׾ƾƵĳɼѣõЩŮô˰
ĸߵʱ򣬰ĸɸСÿŮƬ
׾ƾƺգȦΨһƬĻĺա
һ߿ŮúÿֱŴòһߺյ˭ôô죿
ĸϵЦ΢٣ǾƾƵѣҲǸɼǳĺӡǴʡƾȫƵһ⺢ȫƵڶȻȲϾƾҲǳɫ
Сϵ׷׿ް׾ƾƵ۹ⲻСС֪ԼҸǱɡ
кӿȥ찡ܸо
һС̲סֹһ˵ҲǷ׷׵ͷ
żһ̧ͷɫŮĸ˾ȲѵˣˣǸúǿǲǣ
һŤͷĸֿĻԶԶԣĺҲˡüۻеˡ
棬ôأ
˵òһӱ¼ɣ
֪˭ôһ䣬Ƭ˲š
ôãʵǰ׼ҵĺӱŸշǺѲ
ǰ׾ƾ֮Աϻأ̶ܴϾΪ̫ĸ
Ȼ˵ϳͦģֵزĿ϶⡣
ˣĸǴźɫŮ˿ʱľλ̫̫ԼǸֵ
ĸʶԼǲжŻ¶顣


161 
ôˣΪʲôôңʲôණ𣿡
ĸ̲סʳ, ԵǸŮȴҡҡͷûаϸɾĺܡ
Ҳ, Ϊʲôôǣ
ʱ, кĸѯʣƬϵкǲǸϹú񣿶ü, Ǿø㳤Ҳмơ
ĸһͷˮ, ±Ƶǰ, Ŀڰĸֻ֮ϣƬϵǶС¡
һ, ɫɷףָⷢ, ˺񿴵ʲôʮ־ֵ飬ʶغ˼
һ֣ԭЩԺᵽ¼ʱ, ҲֻǿЦĸڵһٶȴ˾ǲ֪ʲô
Ļ, Ϊʲô׾ƾƵѣôô㵣
һ˵, Լôˣһʱ䲻ӦǾ
ϵĴ㵿ɲֻǾô򵥣, ˷ʲôܵľ֡
, ôôɫôѿǲ㷢ʲôԣ
ĸ, ̲סԼոյ֪ԼŮ𾪱顣
ȫܹĸڵı֡
ĸʿˮ, ԼĿĻƬŲӲͷƤûʲôֻҲкӳеϹһμôģЩŵ
𣿡
ĸЦ˼ʵĸķӦԭ
˼ҲûʲôĸҲ˵ʲôֻٴһĻһ
ߵСҲоĸһЩԣŸòҵĺҲ˰ɣĸڿƬòԣ飬ûȷ֮ǰ϶ȥ
˲Żǿűʾûʲô¡
Ͼ˭ԸɵسԼʮĺӲԼء
˵ǱģаԿˡ
ʱԶԼĸ׸һȺŮ˴һ˹ȥ΢Цλ̴к
Ǿǣ⼸λ̲¶ЦɫЩֵؿ
ԶЩĪһͷȴƼ˰ĸֻϵƬ
Ŀ΢ͫ΢ʶرĻֲ̿
ˡ
ûӰɣ
Զһʱô룬Ϊ֪ԼҲˡ
үǸճͱĸӵСɽǸӡ
飬Զһʼʵ֪
ֱǰһ죬ĸһλνʦͨ
Լ飬Զһֱ֪
˵ΪƵӹ˺ӡ
ͨˣҵλʦʦİ£ɹػһӡ
Ժĸʦ֡
ܼʲôҪȥʦ
ǸӣԶһʼΪ
֪ͨӲ
Ǳĸ滻ӵġ
ΪʦӣԲŻƵ
һӣɾͺӸ⣬ߣĸΣգҶȾϻ¡
ò׵õһӣĸȻĴ
ڻڼ䣬ĸȷʵ˲ٵù£ϹҲƵƵ
һĸòţĸҷ塣
ʦӴ֮㳹ײкӡ
ĸȻǲˡ
ʦ˸⣬źӳͱߣ
ѡ˼ԽԽãѹסİ֡
ĸʹ˽ԼӶԽԶԽá
򱻱ĸĺڡ
Ǵĸ㽫ӱ𣬾ʦֵġ
ȷܹĸһ˳˳ٻ󣬸һ㡣
һʱԶ˶ˣǸʱʮ꣬ոϳУô˵ֱجΡ
Ҹκ˽
֮ͲˣһûûյĹ¶
ҲҴһС
ԡ
ԲС
ԣԶ͵Լû֪顣
Ҳ֪ĸԲӻġ
õġ
û뵽ĽȻ
꣬ԶûȥȥԷ
½֦
ȻûǸˣǿƬʱ֪˾ĸӡ
оôǿҡ
ǿסĵĿ־壬¶һĨЦ̣Ƭϵ˭
ĸЦŽ͵Ůѡ
Զһ㶣׼ұǸŮ
ôҵĺӽһ
ƲʵԭкǰŮͬѧ𣿡
ĸͷԵĶԵģͬУͬѧɼҲǳ죬Ļ
ԷȻҲԶЩƲסԼı顣
ĸҲˣȻôɵ
ӵǸҲ
ĸΪԼΪʹӵԼ֮󣬾ûȥܡ
ԼҪǹܵĻͻ̲ס
ԺӱӺʲô֪ʲô˽⣬֪Σ֪ʲôҲ֪ô
ǰʦ֮ǰ˵ӵӹƹͦġ
û취˭á
ĸҲûгһԼӼ档
ǻ겻ģԶĸ죬׾ƾƹ۶ܻܿѺĸеľƱ㶼òȡ
͵ؽһĺƹȥɫЩѿ˼ҵͷЩܣҾȻȥˡ
˼ɫȷʵ⣬æȥúϢ
ԶȻһȥ
ȥ;УԶװ˵׾ƾҪ۶ѧģǸѸɼһɫҲǿͬĴѧ
ʱ㲻ǻڵ۶
һĸɫԽѿ˸ǻ겻ᡣ
Ļ۶Ļôôܣпܱ¶
У۶
Ƽĸ͸¶ĺ⣬Զŵ˿
֪ĸһġ
ȻܹΪԼӵĻôڣҲΪԼĻҲֲˡ
˵ԶҲǾģΪʲôĸֱӰŪ
ȻĻҲĵ
ӶˣĻһȥᣬҲǸɱʲôΪʲôĸɴأ
ȥļ죬Զһֱڹ۲ĸ֪׶ûС
ĸȴԥԥô²ȥǸ֡
˵ϾԼӡ
ѾԲôˣô㣬ȴҪº֣ĸȷʵԥǰԶ
ֵȣ߶ĩҪˣĸȴԥԶҧгݣԼ˽顣
ٵȥ˶Ҫſˣ
ҲûôĵȥɱˣײĻ˵۶ײɲзϣӴԺգȥ뿼۶ѧ飬Ҳల¡


162 
ĩԽ, ɼûͻ׾ƾƹԼ꼶һҲûʲô, ׼õɼ, ɢѧʽȥ۶
Ϊ֪׾ƾƾҪ뿪ԿԽ⼸, ĻŰ׾ƾ
ÿ춼һѹ·
ɢѧʽ, ׾ƾȻֻȫУһ, Ļ󣬸ֵֻܷľ롣
Ǳ𿴾, ɲ׾پȥģϾ׾ƾƿԽĴɽ
ۿ˲ѧУſȥ, ֪Ȥûǰȥš
֪׾ƾƾҪȥ۶ˣʱĻ϶ץʱһ¼
Ǻ«, ׾ƾȤĻԸµܹȥ
еΣȷһ·, Ļ̧ȼ˹ȥ
ʱһɫγͻȻСдڳ, ֱֱؾĻײȥ
ĻһʼΪԷûע⵽ԼϽܶá
ȴܵʱȻܵķתٶ, Ȼֱ
Ϊ, ԴҶϰȥ, ·˳ϡ, ĻĿ귴Եĺܡ
׾ƾǺڳֵʱɫ΢ڿԷһֲײĻݵļƣֱȥ󣬸˷һ˲ĸϣӲؽ
˾ڼĻûмԶ۾²š
쭵һٶʮ룬Ǻ¡¡죬ȴˣͺ̶֮Уƾ˾ôŶ޼¡
ƺ⣬Ļ亹Աȥ
ܱȻûжˣǿŵŵ꣬ŵ̯ͨͨƼ˸ղŵһĻ
Ҽ⳵ƺ˹ϣȫ£˹׷ָ˾ǲǹҪˡ
˾ǲǼ﷢ʲôʣԲŻɥĲ޲ɱˡ
Ͼͷɵŵ׶԰ſɱСйأһ񾭲ײˣҲǲܵġ
Ļôûŵɣ
׾ƾ˹ȥɫЩǣʩͣסˣģ˵ġ
Ļ˲ϵ亹飬ȻǾ֣ŵƨ
ҡҡͷûʲô£е֡
׵¶⣬ܸоġ
׾ƾŤͷһ½γ˾ڳﲻҳƴţǳӳ⣬Ϩؿ
ôˡ
ټܱôΧȺΧܲˡ
¿Ļʱطϵĸĸı仯
˵಻һɲģδ꣬仯ԡ
Ļĸڳ֮ͻȻ䶯׾ƾָһ㣬֪Ϊʲô
Ļĸĸˣ֮ǰݣھȻЩƽ
Ļʶʲô˼Ǳ𣿡
һЦ˳ҸҵĸĸԵøˣЦ
²⣬òҵĸҲʲôңΪ̳ϵĶԹұ˹ⱧӵСطʮȥˣҵĸͻȻ䷢ҵĴڡ
ͬʱҲõϢΪ˱ĸҵ֮ǰҪҡû뵽ǵܽңǷ˶ߡ
𣿡
ĻԼµҲǵǷ켫
׾ƾ̲סЦˣȻеˣûôС
żӰѾµ٩Լˡ
׾ƾƶĻ²⵹ûзһأ
ϾǮ˼ҵɶĺܡ
пܣ㿴ҼҾ֪ˡ˱ĴʦУŸĹѪӳ̶Ҳ˾Ųʮˡ
׾ƾ˼ɻǸʦǲҲͽҵӣϾôɣôຢͬһ걻
ĻҲ̲ס˼ĻĻ֮Ӧºܴһ塣
һȥ۶ɡ
׾ƾƵĻһ㶣üд˴֮ɫôôͻȻ
׾ƾƷ֮ǰǶŵȿ˴ѧٽ飬ڵ۶֪ʲôҪŪ㡣
ŪǽȥȻеڶεΣҵᡣȻһ߱㣬ȥҲǸķˡȻܹǰǺαҪȵһ֮󣿡
˵׼ȥ˵۶ҵĻ֮˵ЩϢ
ĻҲŵͷǺãҾ͸ȥ۶ʱҸס
׾ƾЦЦûĻס׼һǰǮСѵҪչŵġ
ûãˡ
ΧȺںĵذǱ˾
һ˾벻ҲС
˾׾ƾƺĻһͬ뾯ֺ󣬾ֿѯ¼
Ѷ˾Լıɱʾҹʻƣͣûע⵽ˡ
ȴЦΪûг¼ǣô˵ܱ߶ǵңװ˼أպþͶ׼
ڿѧ֮󣬲ŴС￪˳ѧ㷽򲻶ԵʱԱܵģǵûбķٿ˹ȥҪǺĳ˹ϣĻѧҽԺˡ
㻹ʵҽҸ㣬ıɱδҲҪεġҪܹ̹״ӿȡ
˾ϣһֱƣͼʻԼײѧ֮ʹ̣Ҫɲȴȳš
ѼӲЦ˼ѶͬʱҲͬµ˾
⳵ǺڳҲǼٵģ˾ļʻ֤ͬҲǼٵġ
һʱ֮䣬ǵ鲻Էʵݡ
һߣĻ׾ƾ߼򵥵¼֮󣬾ֵ˾ǻȥúϢ
κνչ֮ͻ֪ͨǡ
׾ƾƵͷֺ˾䣬ܲȥǸ˾
Ҳ֪Ǹ˾ΪʲôҪô
˾ѶȻǼ档
׾ƾƿذʾֻǸŴһҲԡ
Ҫ뿴ǲǼˣǼĻҲܸṩ
Ͼղ˾һֱڳǸû˾Ŀ
ѺϳҲǸǷֿġ
ֵС˼һСѣյͷͬ⡣
УǾѶſڿһۣӲĺܣһֱ˵Լƣͼʻ⡣
Ļз⣬壬϶ǹġô˶ǹҿ;л١
ֵСͷĻļοǵģģǾԲң⣬϶ץ֤ݵΪʲôҪ㡣
׾ƾѶſվһǸǵСŽȥľ˵˼仰
ĿǸ˾ϣ¶һĨЦȱߵһһ룬ھûע£˾ƤͻȻҵضҲƲסؿʼ
˾ַ֣ҪסԼͣȴôá


163 
˵, ˵ҽڵ۶˾ΪͻȻز, ҽ˵Ҫʮ, Ͷ·ʹֵʱͻȻи, ֻҪҽǸײɲзϵĻ, ͸һ򡣡
һʼҲԸ, ҲɵĻžûˡҲû黹ƽػؼ, һʮſ, ʮȥԺ뿪۶ϼʮȻ࣬ϼҲܹòҾͽ顣
ӻмٵļʻ֤ǶԷṩģҵ˵طֱ֮þС
ԭڽͷӶ۵ľͻȻ˾ⷬ, ̲סһ
Ȼ֪ΪʲôͻȻ̬Ը˵һУǻǳʤ׷, ˾˭
˾صɴ۾, 촽ͲԼĿơ
Ҳ֪Ǹ˸ֻϵģҴûĿĶʮ, Ҳõֽ, ڹ԰һҵġҸûʲô
½½˺ܶؼ, ˾ش
ǸĻײصĺ, Ҳ֪Լټ
ÿһθ˾ϵỻµϵʽԼõ˾ֻĺҲ޼¡
ȫǲĿ⵹þͷۡ
Ҳû뵽Ȼǣ˵۶
ĻҲĵطˣĸΪֲһֱһ˹¹µĳ
ԸҲƧûʲôѣֱʱŽһŮѣҲǸһڰֳǸŮ׾ƾơ
ϵܸɾѧУûʲôѣҲûʲôˡ
ǧһ飬̫þˡ
Ļ֮˲ǡҪöԷɲм͸⡣
ʲôʲôԹҪһֵഺ껪ĸЩ
˻ûִ߳ŵĻֱлʻ
Ծ˵ЩĻĬҡҡͷҲ֪Ҹ˭йޡȥԶĵطǲμѧУʡ۶Ҹûȥ
Ļ˵ȷʵ뾯ϣûܴеõϢĻʱעһ£ĻϽֱ
ҲŬࡣ
Ļл֮󣬱׾ƾһ˾֡
׾ƾƱ֣գƵǵƲûд۶˷㡣˹ŸĻ֮Ӧòͬһ
ϾĻ֮ҪҪ̫ɲˡ϶᲻ϵĵ½⣬ôǿңûءôܻھȥ
ĻĬŵͷȻ󱻰׾ƾ޶һԴģأ׼¡
ҲģֻЩӶѡ
׾ƾƶָоûٶ˵ʲôǣ֣һֻܡ
ζģҧȥʱ𣬺˵顣
ڴ£׾ƾҧһڣ·ͻȻһĻĴϡ
Ļݵõɴ۾űܵһӾɵؾôˡ
ڻϣĻȴûǸ뷨ȥ
㶵άԭ״ð볡ƫͷ׾ƾƣ׵ļ⧲ؿС
ĺҲǴˮĻʪ繡
˵ЩͰˣơƾƣղš
׾ƾЦеűܣСȥ⣬ͺ͵ȵСè䣬üӣʵ˾ÿɰ
ղʲôղûʲôѽ
ʣȻĻһ˲ȥĶ䣬ίԴ
뷨δʵʾٶʱһ룬׾ƾֻǰһڣĴиĴϡ
̵ġ
ţ̱еζ
׾ƾƵͻȻѵѵؾʶᣬײŴĺյĲ䡣
յķ绺ĴòŮ½ǣеഺϢ

ĸӵ׾ƾƻԼһǰ۶ſܸһϢ󣬰ĸͻȻ˶
Ծر뵽ǰϷһĻ
ĸ԰׵ɫѿ飬εĴ㵡
ĸ˼һջǽ˰׾ƾƣұʾĻпܸЩϵ
ʱ˿̳۵ͷͷǶɵЦ
յϢ󣬰׾ƾһ˳Ļ䣬㿴Ϣˡ
ĻһĿʮУԭ̵գڼЩ֮ܿͻָƽ
ɫȥճס
˸˺п֪ҵ飿
׾ƾĥӦǣȻ費ô˵ĻҪ֪
˵ҵϷңʱһһ¡
һʱȥ׾ƾѾܹİõĺĸ衣
ҪҲôġ
׼Ҷ˺ҲǰĸԸģ׾ƾԭǾͺһְ裬Ҳýġ
ЩС°׾ƾҲţϻصʱĸһֱ꺮ů׾ƾҲܽĴˡ
ͳɡ
׾ƾƻ죬ȻѾϢǾղײգϽж
õġ
˷ֿ֮󣬰׾ƾƸϻ˼ңʰֽĻ˵һ¡
֪ĻҲԼҾƾһѪҲͬ֡
Ļ⺢ӱȾƾƻҪҡ
ٰ׾ƾǴСǻĳ󣬿ĻȴǴСĸͳֲ

ɼ⺢ȴ㣬ѵð
ƾưȥ˵۶Ҫúչ˽Ļ֪𣿡
⺢ӹĿ࣬ɲˡ
׾ƾƵͷİɣ衣һչ˺ġ
ڶ죬׼ʱڻϣ׾ƾƸĻĸϢ׼Ҳ˷䡣
˵ס棬ҪĻסȫһסɣʱҲܼʱͨȥô鷳
˵ϣĻ룬ûоܾ
Ϊסڰ׼ҵѾˡ
۶֮󣬰͢ĸڻſӭӡ
׾ƾƸĻĸǸǰһ꺮ů
׾ƾһһӦְ裬ϲ޲֪Ǻá
ĿĻϣĸѿڶ񣬸񡣡
ˣģ¾ǰ׼ҵ£϶ֻظҳࡣ
ĻһЦлл尢̣ʱҪˡ
ĸЦŰڰ֣Ųš壬סǻء
ߣȻؼҡѾӶ׼úóԵˡ
õģлл̡
˳֮󣬰׾ƾƾȲѯʰĸҵһЩ顣
ĸǲˣȻȷǲǱ˱ˣԶӦӡ
ǰ˵ԶüȲˣҲǴҶûô⡣ֱϴǸ֮Ȧи˵顣ҷ˶ǳķŭھƻʱ򻹸˵Щķ˳죬ǳԡ
ȻҲΪ˲Լĺӱ޻̸֮ҪзܹõͷĻDNAĻǾ͸ˡ
׾ƾ¶һĨЦѵ𣿡
ĸһ㶣̶Цǰоƾڣ⵱Ȼ򵥡
ôһأ


164 
, ƾƣ֮ǰЩС˵Ҫ۶飬ǶߺҴȥ, ȻĻ, ǰ׼Ҿ;ٰһᣬҲ
ʱ, õ˵ͷ, һܹ̽ǱߵĶܾӦ֪Ļġһĺʱ, ر֣һʼΪǸ֮ǰһںпܱ, 𾪵ĵǷĻĴڡ
׾ƾƵͷ, Ǿ
Ļ⧲سǰ϶ܹ¶ЩĶ߸š
ǽͷ뺯ͽ˹
У
ĸҲû˵̫ˣһĻ, Сڰ׾ƾĿлǷǳҪġ
Ļл֣鷳ˣ
ô
˰׼֮󣬰ĸĻȥ׼ķ, ǳļʣĻҲǳϲ
ĸЦЦ, 󽫿ռӡ
׾ƾڴߣĻŲ˹ȥסĸ첲, ͷļ, ۾, Ҳ֪Щʲô
׾ƾԴ, ڰο
֪ˣ𣿡
ĻҡҡͷţֻǺ浱ӵΪ⣿
ΪЩΪʵԭĻѾϰ˱һڵԼ֪Ϸ򸾺ܿĸĻҲûرĸо
ԼЩνݺѾĥڴֻҪһѡ
׾ƾҲ˽Ļô˵׾ƾƲûٶ˵ʲôֻǵľͻģôʹܸ࣬õĻ֮˵õӦ
չȥĻǿο
Ļһ뱻Ǹ̵ǣƫͷ˰׾ƾƵĴ
ζ̣ͬ㣬㵽ƲסԼҪ롣

ԶڼصһҹȴûеĻظ
ʱͷʹѣȦŨ֣Ⱥڿȶ᲻𾢡
ĸˣΪԶΪڣϰҹˡ
ֵϼ˯ģ첻ѧҲҹ岻á
ԶĲɵصͷһܣûĴڣ˳ʵְֳȥϰˣ
ĸҲڼˣȥ˾ˡ
ҲģٵʱҲҪиддҵȥϰࡣ
֪ˣ֪ˡ
ԶͷӦڲھͳ˵
ʱĸӵ˰ĸĵ绰ҲμӾۻᡣ
Ů׾ƾƴӵ۶ˣٰᣬôʶʶĿġ
ĸһʱסˣ׾ƾƻˣǲǴǸĻҲһŹ
ĸ겻ᣬæʵȻŮˣ֮ǰ˵ǸѣҲи𣿡
ĸʸڷϣûأŮһĵ۶˵ҽԺأûһ

ĸ˿뵽ĸ˵ĻҽԺָϽǳʲô£ôö˶˵ĽҽԺ
ǱײˣӦûʲô󰭵ģȻŮҲϻص۶
ĸŶŶ˼ڰĸ֮£ʾżһμӡ
ȻĻڣôĸȻǲõġ
ľۻᣬĸҪŮҪǲȥĻǾǲ׼ӡ
һ˵ǣƴǲ˵ġ
绰֮ĸ겻ŤͷƼԼҶԶֱĵؿϸߣ裬ǰ׼Ҵ绰㣿
ĸҲû⣬ΪԶǰ԰׼ҵ飬ͷڵǵûŮ׾ƾƻˣ׼ϰǹȥμӡҴӦˣǵʰʰҲһȥ
Զ͵طеֽ˲֣ܵɳϣĸߣֱղǴ绰˵ѳˣ
ᵽĸҲ̫ãͷǵû˵ˣûһҲ֪ô¡
Ӧò̫أȻĻ׾ƾҲ۶ˡ
ԶŶŶ˼ԼҪ֪Ϣ֮󣬱ٵֻ˷䡣
ĸëëӣ̲סֹ˼ʲôأô𼱻ǵġ
˵֮Ļϰ£̾
ôã
˼ȥֻͨһϤĺ롣
ιʦҡ
ֻͷĸֲ̿˵ű˷Ļ飬ϵޱ顣
ˣ֪ˣͷˡ߲Ҫһġ
ĸ̲סʵʦô׾ƾŮѣʱҪǰ׾ƾƴ۶Ƕ¶ˣ
ϲͷĸЩֻǵѾȥˣ鲻ġģһõġ
ˣĸϰµģûȡ
˵绰ɳĲѡ
Ǳߣ绰ûãͽܴϢ˵ǰĻ㱻ײ˾ѾʲôǻĻûˣǽŰ׾ƾѾ˵۶
ϱŭǰΪʲôŸң
ĻѾֹĻ۶ˡ
ͽֲܻ̿ѣģΪʲô飬ԲûĻ׾ƾ۶ʦܹõؽ𣿡
ʵͽ֪ܲΪʲôʦҪĻĻʦûκεĽ
ѵΪǰ׾ƾƵѣֵ̫һ
صǰ׾ƾƲŶѽ׾ƾͻȻֶι죬֮ͬ˲١
Ϊ˽
ڰ׾ƾ۶ˣⲻǺ

Ϸŭػֻ֣ͽ͵շתžһˤڵϣ۵졣
ҵ˼òŲ¡Ļ׾ƾƵһһҪң´ٷʦֲ顣
ͽܸϽأƴͷʾԼպ϶һһʮذ˷ʦ
ͽ֮ϸźڷﷳŲ֪ΪΣͻȻֲԤС
֮ǰݲð׾ƾ»ò
򿪰ң󷨣ûд⣬ԴԴϵڱս⣬͵塣
˰ң뷨̾׾ƾ˲С
ĴΪ׾ƾƶӰ졣
һߣԶصֿ֮ʼƴزĵ绰ڽͨˡ
˱ΪʲôôٲŽҵĵ绰ĻǲǳҽԺ
ŵؿǰľ죬ŵֻʿˮŬ򶨣ǣˣײĲء
Զһĸղ˵Ķˣˣ˵ײɲмôֻǵС⣿
ϽĻãֻƤûϵ⼸컹ﶢţ϶ʧ
ھҽԺ绰˵ŵĲͻȻأҪǮϣԷܹǮҽԺ˻
Ҫ٣
Ҫʮ򡣡
ɰɣ֪ˣһ飬ʱٰβ㡣
õĺõģллģҾԲʧ
绰Ҷ֮ſԾǲܹ̣
ԱԼͬ±˸OKƣʾͨղŵͨѾλֻIPַ
ǾЦеļ򣬡İɣĹǻڷͥϸٳġ


165 
, ƻͨｻӰ, ǴŮ, װĵˡ
ĺƣ˹Ц, ̸, ׷׺֡
˵𣿰׼ǸŮ׾ƾѧϰɼǳ, ݰ͢˵ȫʡȫƵһ, ѾͷСɽô꣬˿ûΪƶû
ɲ𣿰׼ҷķܷܷ, ĩѾȫУ֮⣬ǰʱҼΨΨŵŵȫû˵ڰ׼ҵĽԴ󡣡
ǵȻһ, ּʲô׼ʲôֱر𣡶Ҳ˵ˣ˼Ҵܷܷ, ˵ǸıǮû, ǵ۶ȥԲŻּһļϡ
ǰɣܷܷʮأ
ôڣȶ, ˷֤, ٶѣ˵Ǳʮ, ܷܷ֤, ɲñʮȥˣܵˣ
˵ģʮӶʮǰܷܷǰ׼ҵ飬ºͳһࡣ˵

˽ԲϣĸźƱƤֱ
Ȼ˵ǹڰ׼Ҹּұ¼ǻ̲ס뵽Լϰµĸûȡ
Զ˿ģͷʱĹϣ˿˿⡣
޸оˣ֮ȻҲЩŮԡ
Ǹ۸׼֮ĺ
ʱͻȻ𣬵ƹⰵ£ֻһ¥ݿڡ
һ룬ŰɫŮ˵֮С
ͷһƻʹڣɫ󷽵ش¥
ˣݾ£һ˫۾ԣ⣬ЩŮ崿޵͸֦ͷӼĸС
ϸĸ߸ڵذ֮ϣ죬׾ƾƵϴһĨǳǳЦŶָ߹ȫͲСɽġ
׼֮ǰһֱϾٰᣬΪŮϲ̨档
Ըˣۣܲ˼ӽʱԼŮ͸ϽƳ˼ʶһ
ڼ׾ƾƣȴǻ㱲ѣˡ
׾ƾͨʣһСɽʮǲѵСȸ
Ϣ֦ͷ߹Ȼķˡ
ѵĶӻ򶴣
Сɽô꣬Ҳϴˢ˰׸ĸĻ
ĸŰ׾ƾһһˣ׾ƾƹɵظߣЦŰ̡
λ˼˸޲ѣôģȴǸޡ
òĲǵĺӡ
˱ˡ
׼ܷܷʽȷʵҲǶһ޶׾ƾһ֣Ҫ˾ܷܷҲˡ
ǧǧȷʵͬ
ĸǹ⽫һܡ
Ű׾ƾĸǰѵʱĻ׼ʱŵ˹
ûע⵽ԶȤضŰ׾ƾơ
ԭŮûʲôȤǰ׾ƾƵȴͻȻЩ˼
ƾƣ̣ԭ⡣
΢ЩԵ˵ıʶŤͷƼվǶװģףޱȵĻ
˵֮ǰĻѡװʱǰ׾ƾƸѡģƼװӣ׾ƾƻǾ˧һƣرζ
խ˫ȱֱװΪһԵĽ֮С
Ƿ׷ֱ˾֡
ڳĿΨֻа׾ƾƸĸõġ
ĸڼĻһ˲䣬˲ԾˣͷƤ飬󱳷
׾ƾǰһѸٷĸѯʵ̣û°ɣ
˵䣬ĸ֣ͻȻһ£һ룬ĸƵͱͻȻһͷѸٵر׾ƾպá
ûû¡
ĸЦЦδԱվվĻǺЦӣĶɤˡ
ĿȴֲԾϣֿ
ԭĶӳ
ԭĶѾ㵽ز
ԶպںģĻ˲䣬һֱӵ׼õװ֮ϣ̲סŭ⣬Զôôëëꣿ
ĸˣкɣԶ״̬ôô֣ѲҲ֪Լҵӣ
æǰԲûû£ͷм׸׼װԶзȥһ¡
Զʱĸ߰æ֣Ӳ˲ʾûû£ɫװġ
ֻһƬʪյĺۼѡ
üͷ·ԻΪʲôȥ
׾ƾƵĿԶЩ㵵ϣƽΪϲ˵·ɡȻԸĻҲǿ󡣡
ĸҲŴǰǰһ£ҼҾƾƵѣĻ
ĿĻϣһʱ侹ʧ
Ļճʱûע⵽һĸʧ̬עԶֳ˵飬ûע⵽Ļʲô
ֱڰĸĽܣע⵽ɲôô
죬һʱ֮˵
׾ƾ߹ȥĻ֣Цӯӯ尢̣ɰҲ㲻ð˰ǰǻͬһء
εЦţƺûзΪⷬͬʱɫĶˣ˵ЦĻ
ʱ򣬴ӺźƱ߹İ͢ЦŸѣ˳ֵǼҾƾƵ˵⺢Ӹ㳤ûмƣǸռʱҲˡ
ʱƵ΢ЦĿ⾪Ļϣ벻
˻ֻǾƣȴʱڵֱһģһ
ô
ӵ˭Ϊʲô
ֱǲ˼飡
ĸڴ֣͢˵ȥ˵ʲôʧĻϽ׷ˣ㲻ǻ˵˳𣿡
˵ʱĸҲЩҪ֪ĻڵĻװҲġ
ĸЦŽ͵ʱȷʵģֻ⺢ǽŵġҽԺһûʲô󰭣Խͷ˹Ӧûʲôϵɣˣôô⣿
ˣɫôȥôѿҪҪȥͷϢһ£
ĸⷬͽڳ˵עĸϡ
ĸɫɷףױݶڸǲˡ
΢Զˣĸ¶ڣϽڵǵأЩͷۣѾӦҪμᣬԱǿš
ĸвţȴ˼𣬡ԭͷ۰ô˵֪ˣø˵һģҲûйϵ˸پۡ۵ĻȻȥúϢһ¡
ĸæصͷӦ£¿£׼Զһǰ뿪
ȴܾˡ


166 
ԭΪĻĳɲ, 濴ĸ״̬Խ֡
ĸû˵ͷۡ
еͷȵ, ᷢϢ, ·ϣСĹ˽, һ䡣
޾ϸ, Ҳϰĸı
Ȼܲظ
Ϊ, Զɡ
ͷ۵ĻΪʲôҪװͷǰ볡
Ϊʲôɫôѿ, ҶĿ⣿
һֲõĲ²⣬ǰ׼һ֮ǰ֮һ
˼ת, ֻ᲻׼Ҳ֪Ķ֪ǰӿӣԹǼ棿
֮ǰԲֲ²⣬ǰ׼ѪܵӾͰԼǰΪһþ̳, ôܲǱ룿
ֻ˵ǰʱּҰ׼ҵı̫ģжʱҲ˶ǶӼ»顣
ϾǮ˼ҹѪ, ΪǮʧǸࡣ
Դ˴֮Ա, ûԶԼĺӡ
ǣԶĻͬʱվǰȴܹط, ԶԼĳû˿, δıк, ͸Լһģ̳һ
ҲʶѰʵ˭Ǹ, ٷ֮ٵ˶ָĻ
Ȼ˴룬һֻ֮С
Ǹˣֲ²֮ٿŵı֣ȷ˰˷֡
ʱ̳ѼΧһ𣬱ЦǺǵشźƱ˹
ҪкڼĻһ˲䣬ͻȻЦк˭ôøô񡣡
٩òʧɢ˽Ӱɣ
˵֮ЦΪ⻰ó
ȴܱûЦɫѿɫĸɫ԰ף˸Զüͷ壬һֲ̿ģ
һ㶣ôˣôɫ̫ԣ
ǿ񣬶ЦЦûʲôͷۣе㲻
ѻȻ򣬡ԭ
ĿĻϣϡ⺢˭ѽ˵㳤Ǻ񰡣Ҫ֪ԶĺӣҶϴ
⻰ĸ˵ֱѩϼ˪Ҳܲ˵ǡ
ҪȥҴʦҪҴʦæ顣
ɫԶҲŻȥչĸ
ԶﲻԸ⣬šĴȡ
ᣬֻ̧׷ĸĲ
뿪֮ǽⰲŵģ
͢΢΢һЦ⻰Ӻ˵ǾƾƵѣһϯᣬʵֻ⺢ӿడ길ĸСһԼĸۣҲһ۶
ĸ˫
šüͷз֪һ˿ϧ
͢һɫżռʱȷʵҲȣϾ㳤ĺ񡣵Ļ˵Լĸĸһ˵ͨ
Ϊ֮ǰǰ֮ƾƾǱģҲǣŽǰҲ֪Խܣ͸ǵ
˵֮󣬰͢ص̾˿ҼƾƵʱҲȣûǷȥ룬ֱܷܷ˳ѪʱѪ͸ǷȫͬŽдܷܷǵŮǵŮˡ
Ļǲֻ֪˵ʹ͢Ƽ˰׾ƾƣųɲŻȥ顣
ҲȥˣȥӼ
׾ƾ̯֣ɵؿڣǸղ̵ͷ˳ּһȥ⡣
ؿ˰׾ƾһۣ²˳֣⡣
ûͬ⣬ǲǴ˽Լȥ⣿
һĻشʵص˵ͷƵԼ̲סЩ㱡
ǵģûǰ˵⣬ĻҲȥ롣
һ㶣⣿ʲô⣿

ףҪײɲзϡ˵Ҹӹһ١ץסѶһ֮󣬵֪ǵ۶˻һҪײҡһҵҪײɲзϡ
˼ȥûȻΪҴûȥ۶ܸ۶˽Թҽ˵˾ƾƾ鷳æ顣ҲΪˣҲ֪ԭ֮ǰϣװнҸƾƵĺո˿˿ǵĺ֮ʧ̬֡
װ̻˵Ȧ˴ԣֱңҿĸЩϵ
Ļ˵Щ֣š
һҪײɲзϣ
΢΢ȫ޷顣
ǲǴ֪Զģ
ģΪʲôҪҴţѵԼ
еײʲôè壿
ֻԴһƬķŭҪĻãĻⱲӶ֪Լи⡣
ߣȥӼ
˵֮ɫŰ͢мѡ
˵֮ǰЩŭôھȫȻ޴档
֪͢ôҲΪĻİΣ
Ļ֮˵һγɹˣȻеڶεΡ
ܴδζҪĻˡ
Ϊ׼ǶȻ޷
Ļһ˸뿪
֮ǰ׾ƾƵ֣ҪģҺܿͻ
׾ƾƵͷĵϴŵЦ⣬κǵͨСҶ˸ҡ
Ļ˸OKƣŸ뿪
С֮Ļûж˵ʲô
ϳ˶ĬţǻˣϽڷ˼
Ļȥ˽ҽԺǮӼӼ档
ȴḶ́עǳ˲
һĸһصң㼱ҴҵҪܡ
Զס
ɳҲܻ˷䡣
˵ѾײĻҽԺ˵Сˣ϶ҽԺ
ɽĻ˵ӣ
òûɣƭǮɡ
˸ֻ绰
ԶSеľֻ춯ɱ͵С
ŵؽ˵绰ţһԶʡ
㵽ûа˵ΪʲôĻ˵۶
ʲô
Ϊ绰Ǵ£û뵽Ȼõһ𰸡
Ҳ֪
ͰͣЩңҿס֣ʾǰĻ壬ŸϽԲѣҽˣȥҽԺˮûжסĻǴһȥҽԺٿġ
Ļôȥ۶أˣ

ԶƿڴһôǮ㣬ҵĽϽһص۶ײҸ򡣡

ԼҪԼͼ
ھʾ£ͷͬˡ
ԭõֻעIPַʱ򣬻ڲϣԶͨ绰˵ṩ˴Ϣ
Ȼô˵϶ǼĻ˳ĻǱߵ飬ܿ˴֣ҸϽǰ˵۶


167 
ĸ߼Ҵҵش绰, κǱߵ绰һֱûܽͨϵش򣬷ش, ȴôûӦ
ĸԽԽ, ԽԽᶼҪˡ
ôã
Ѿʶ⣡
ְĸ, ҪͻȻڹϾٰ, Ҳô׼ײĻ
֪Ļ
֪Ļ
ĸ˰, վ̾˿֪Լ²ȥǸ֡
ȻĻ, ڰĸ׾ƾƸĻĺʱѾ˽Ļ, Ҳڡ
ĸҲ֪ԼǸʲô뷨ӸճʱΪԼҽӶ֮, Ϊʲôôȥˣ²ȥǸˣ
ĸͷʹѣֻ㷲زϵٴβϵĵ绰
Сʱ, չسϽͨĸĵ绰
ֻôͨδӵ绰ʱ򣬾֪϶ĻǱ߳⡣
Ȼ, ͨĸ绰֮ĸ˵ͻŵرʾڰ׼ҵϼĻ
Ϲƺ˻ɣڰ׼Ҳ뿪
ʦô죿ϹòỳҰɣ֮ǰ˵ôû
һĶ̲סҪ, ˵µʱ, ŹȥʮСʱ, ôٶȵģ
㲻Ҫ, ˵˻Ǿͻ㲻ôġǮѵһ𣿡
ѾԸȥˣģûͻнġ
ĸ󣬰յӦ˿ƤȴͻȻ͵Ŀĸô䲻ʵ
ʦȷûһҪŻҸоǼϻͻ顣
㻹Ҫô죿Ȼ飬Ҫеܱ¶ĺ
˵ֱ֮ӹ˵绰ٸĸ
ĸּȴòϣ˵Ķԡ
ֻϵҰοôΪңΪܹάϵҵ֪˵ĻҲģ
Եģûһ
úٵǸһûġ
ĸ˵ڷ䣬һȾ͵ȵ˵ڶ賿
ǱߣڼӼõDNAⱨ֮󣬿ݱдļֶֽ֣΢΢
۾΢΢Щʪ󣬿Ļʱ㱣ӣҶӡ
Ļûʲô⣬ԤϵˣҪࡣ
֮ǰȷʵûд
Ļֱ⣬ҲûŸͷʹޣôж಻ףԸˣҲûǸȤЩ
϶֪ҲˣڿҸƾƵĺ֮󣬶ԷŻᾪֲҪ˰ײɲзϡԷӦõͦСģԲֻǰײɲзϣ˵أֱӳ
Ļᵽʱ򣬱ǳ侲һһ˼пܾҵĸס
⻰ʱһ𣬵ǲɷϣڵ֪Ļ֮󣬵һɵĶҲĸ
Ϊڰ׼ϵľٶ̫ˣ
ĸͲôϷˣĻ¶飬Ǿ롣
ӣģһһˮʯӣҾԲġ
˵֮ͳֻԼ˸绰ʮǰĸ飬ⶼϸˣһ˿˿ҪŹ
ҹĽӵ绰ҲȦĺܣǴϰô˵ô죿ֻ
ֻʮǰôԶȷʵЩѾֻǿرʾԼᾡȫģ֪Ҫʲô
ĬһͰ
ΪкܶණȥģҪ֪ġ
ҹȻôһѪϵ˯涼ŷˣҲ٣ļٵģô̼
ǰʱ׼ҸּҸճıܱͬ³ԹϳԵķû뵽һϾȻܳԵԼϰͷϡ
ţѽ
ЩǮ˵ôģôϲ㱧ӵ
֮Ļⶼ賿ˣȥƵסһǱߵ֮ڴڡóóȻң»ݾߣʱĨȥ˵ĺۼ
Ļͷôˣذ׼ȷʵҲʣ˸Ϣ׾ƾ֮͸ȥ˾Ƶꡣ
׾ƾӲû£յĻϢ֮Ͻһϴ˯˹ȥ
ٺĻ֮뿪֮ǰֹ
ĻɫƽȥϢɣ˯֮ȥҾƾƵģҪǵõʲôϢԴ绰
ĬĬصͷԼҶӺعϷţΪҹѪ˿۾һ˿ӵ
ӱгɳĻҪɫ
һ뵽ôɫĶӣСĽ£ڻҪɫľ͸ջһܡ
Ҵҵؿصҡ
սͼĸ¥ݿڣ·һҹδߣڼҵһͳ˷š
ɫ㲣ѿ
һ֪ߡ
Ļ˯ݾôܻȵڣ
ЩƲסԶ˭ĺӣ֮žԼȻûס
ĸɫһף֣֪̿ˣ֪ˡ
ԭӲرʾԼ֪˵ʲôԶ϶ĺӡ
ȴƹˤżȻͱˣǾֱָ츲أֱ˦Ӽ棬ĸ͵ڱĵذϣجج˵ľ񶼺񱻳һ㡣
˵⵽ô£
Ļǵĺӣǵӣôµȥ֣Ҫ˰ײɲзϣ
ҪӼ棬ǽĻĸףĻҶɽĻǲһ˵˽ӣ֪˲Żôŭ
ʲô˵ʲô
ԭʹֵĸȻΪָͨʹĺ˶ˡ
ûУûôֲǷˣҵӣôµǸ֣ҸûôǸ𣿡
ĸʶطϵȫ١
Ǳ鲼Ļǻ˭
֮⣬˭֪Ļǵĺӵ𣿡
ĸҡͷͻȻ뵽ʦ˵ȥ飬Щȷˡ
ѵʦģ
ҪԼײɲзϣ˵۶
ԣ϶ײɲзϣӰѧϰû취μӸ߿϶Ͳſ۶ѧҲͲ۶
˵׼ⱲӾͻججСطôȥˡ
ǲ֪ʲô
ĸ΢΢ɫʧʡ
ĸعȴ֣ʾԼʲô֪
ôţʣΪҪЮסĸŵĸֻܽͷβ˵˳


168 
, ҲΪңҲΪѽôܹĿŸճĶӿ㣬ң
ֻ, ǵĺ, 󡣶ʦ˵ӵİǣҿ϶᳤þ, Ҳ
ĸЩ, ʹعԼĽű߰, һηԼȻԼ˸оôİİµ, ԼȴȻ֪
֪ĸҪһӣɲ˹лǸ߿Ƽ, ǲ⡣
ҲûǿţʵڲУһҲǲԡ
ɾڹ, ĸٴλˣкӣȻǸˡ
û뵽ĸȻŵز, νĴʦĻĺӸճû˸ĸ, һļߣԼóԺúȣű˵ĺӡ
ع, ŭɶؿĸ, ̲ס, ôôʲôĴʦĻ㶼ţǷ𣿻н, ΪŬƴνʲôң
飬飡аǸʦϵʽңҵҪ˺úõ鵽ʲô£ܰ˶ˣת
ĸҡͷڵϣץĿţ棬ҪôҲΪңΪá
Цĺãҳܲ𣡡
ִ죬Զض㵽˶¥¥ݿ͵
Ҳ˯ţǷ飬ܻ̿᲻֪ࡣ
Ϊ죬˭֪ĸͲţַַӾһ鶼¶˳ȥ
ԶԼ侲¼УҲһ޹ܺߡ
Ǹʱճʲô֪ǣҲǣͷϡ
ʱװװһֵӣ㲻ҪҲڶĸһʰҷѡ
ҵĲֻҪʡŵ㻨Ӧûܰѧġ
ڴڼ䣬һֱŸ飬ȵʱᣬյϣܹźһλġ
ϾɲּҵǸܷܷȻϾ¶԰׾ƾƵĲڰ׼ؽߡ
ԶƴذοԼٶ͵͵Ǳ˷䡣
ڴշתֵ࣬¶ţ׼һʹ绰ֹͣж
ϾҪĻΪ˱֣ѾˣŪĻѾûˡ
һ鵽Լɵģòʧ
ԶЩ飬Ժ˯ţȴһѡ
أ˳־˸ͷȥˣ
˶٣Զ˯ȴԶо㡣
һ仰ͬһˮԶͷ£˯ɢĸɸɾ
ʲô죿
ôо
ԶĿһ£ѵ鱩¶ˣ
ܰ
ûײĻأôᱩ¶أ
ԶԾԼصķǳѵЩȫѧˣܻᱩ¶
˼⣬˯¾Ϳš
ҹδߣΪĸ͸¶ЩϢȥνʦ顣
ŵʱϡ
žԶģҲܾȣԼӻ᷸ʲô
Զ¥ѯʾ˵ʲô
ͷSеľ죬ǻԶ¾źSзһײ˰йأҪؾֵ顣
Ǽؼ֮Ϊ֮һ
ײˣ
͵תŵؿɫɷףֲ̿Զ㰲ȥײĻ
Զæϣ֣ңҡ
һҹδߣֱӶ˶̲סˣЩ㱡
Ϊĸνʦɵģȴû뵽ȻһֱΪĶԶݶ顣
ʲôʱ֪㲻ҵӣ
ԭǮ˼ҵĺôԶSеĻľһʣ׷һ飬۾ɴ˼֡
üһȻǺŹѪԹ
ǾȻֳԹϣԵ˺ű
Ҳ֪ʲô֪
Զʸڷϣָž쵹һң˵Ǹˡ
ǵȾ콫Ҳ˽֤һһԶǰ֮ɫƿԣһƨɳϣʹ顣
ǰһλʦ绰ʱ͵ġǸʱ֪ԭҲǰְֵӡҺܺ£ҲҸְֽΪĻ֣ôͲᱻ˽Ҵ
û뵽ǰ׼ͻȻóĻƬ˵Ļ׾ƾһ𿼵۶ѧҵʱͻˣΪ֪һĻڵ۶һᱻ˷ࡣȥˡԥԥʵ̲סҪײзϡ
ֻײзϣû뺦ֻμӸ߿۶ǾͶûˡҲû뵽ְԭңԭһΰɣǵʱϣ֪ˡ
ʹԶʧ֡
̶һ֮ڣ׵˶Һݺݵϲһ˶ήȥ
ֵͬؿһۣ˳ŰԶײĻҲ˵˳
Ϊ죬Լ˿ӵĿñⷬʹ޸ƭȥˡ
ô˵֮󣬸ǶԶʧ͸
ľѪԶԶȴġ
ûҪֺĻĻ޹ĺӣú࣬Լ
ĻĻҲ԰Ѻ档
ַܲ˹¿⡣
Զⷬ׵ʧ͸ذڰֱ֣þߣҲʦԶ˾
ô̾ộҲΪ߶ϵ
Զʹ飬֣ƴԭ¡
ȴǶĮҡҡͷЩʱӦ뵽¶Ľ
ô㣬ȴң㲻ҵӣô꣬Ժ𣿡
Զ޵ھֻһ㣬һһؿġ
һԵĸЩʱ˶ˣȫûʦģĺӸĺ¡
һʱ֮䣬ҲҵޱȣĸžԶ뿪֮󣬻૵ʦ˵ĶԣĻĲܻһҶҪΪ⡣ڵʮ꣬ǹжֿģһء
Ļû˵꣬ͱһƸûˡ
һζִˡ
ŵؿǰִԲŮˣǲǷˣôǽĻĴѵǵ㷸µĴȻĹ𣿡
˱Ķҡҡ׹Ҳڼֱӿ뿪ĸɳϣգĬĬᣬ֪Ϊʲôһб


169 
бֵĻ˯µľƵ, Ƶ깤Աȴ˵Ļ˷뿪ˡ
һ㶣һʱ䣬žŵ㲻
뵽ԼΪ﷢, һҹδ˯, Ӳʮ꣬Ȼ濴ŷ·𵭶, Ĳ֪Ҳжô侲, Կ϶Ҳǳҹ, һʱͻȥԼˡ
л֮˰׼ҡ
Ȼ, ڰ׼ҿ˸պó극Ļа׼һˡ
ʱ򣬰׼˶û̫ȡ
ΪղڳԷʱ, ĻѾ˵ˣӼĽ֮ǰ
ȷȷʵʵˣĸĸ
, ҪҪһ³Եͣ
͢غѣк, ɫ㲣˫۲Ѫ˿, ֪ҹδߡ
صطԸһţ̣ȫȫܹʱ˿̵飬Ϊ֮ǰҲˡ
л, һԭΪһ, ή, 㲲Ļʱ, ΢΢һ
Ϊʱ˿̵Ļò䲻һ㶼ͨҹû˯õӡ

ѵֻһǱܼ尾
˿ţ̣ƺ΢ţЩů
ˣ̾˿ĻӦѾ˵˰ɣҵӣԶŴġ
ϡ֣͢Ȼ֮ǰŵֱ֣ȷʵǳɻܸо֪鵫ǣȻǵӼѾȷĻҲŵĶӣΪʲôҪô
Ů˻Լӵ治ܲˣ˸Ҳ̫˰ɣ
ĸҲ̲סڣûף⵽ôѽ
̾˿۵дƣΪνʦĻΪĻ壬ҪҵĻҶкӹ
½Ļ֮󣬾νʦķԸһӣ˵ǡҲû뵽ҵ˾Ȼز
ʹ֣Կƣţ̱˵ؿĻҪǵܶעһҲͲ鷢˵˵ȥҲкܴһֵΡ
Ļ󣬺¹һ׾ƾƸӵµס֣΢΢˻Σʾο
Ļ¶ϸ΢ЦſĴǸʦȻľ֣һһ
Ļ½⣬ѵǴʦѾȥˣһҵͷôһ
УΪײ㣬ʵûɥʧ̶ֳ֪ȡҵǸԶɵġ
⻰һĸ͵ӣҾ˵ءôĻʱԶɫҲôѿﻹ֣ǲҲ֪û뵽Ȼ֪һɥĲ飡
̾˿㱣Ҳû뵽İĶҲôҾÿ¡ԭǰѾ͵ŸǴʦ֪ͨԼҵӣһֱţûиκˡ
ֱǰʱ䣬Ļǵ֮УΪԷһŻĻ֡
ˣֻҽ˾ѽĻײɲзϣ۶ѧ
ĻĮţЦѣô˵Զʵǲ󰡣
˵ֿ֮Ļɳƣ軹ԶҶƫ̻Ҷһһʮظ߾ǻʲôǾʲô
֪ЩҲ޷ֲôܵ˺ʲôҪģְ˵ְֿ϶쵽
ǸʲôʦҲŹһְץס
Ļͷĸûʲô飬ĸճΪνʦĻõӦеĳͷĻ
ְҲҪʲôֻҪץǸʦͺáôֻ֣Ϊҵѡ
һ㶣񣿡
ԣ
Ļͷ˰׾ƾƣ׾ƾƽӹĻһĻرԼĹ¡
ǴʦмˢӣǰĻİ񣬲߻һС
ĻܹƽµسôǶǰе£½⣬ȻĻǴʦµ뷧ĻڲҲС
ϾŨصĺ򵥵ؾߵùˣΪĴޣܡػôãѾǷǳˡ
ҺңĻ⣬ҲԼⲻϵرǴʦգ
˻
ţ̱һ٣̲סһ
˫۲ŵؿ׾ƾƣоԼһ㣬֪۶Ǯ˶ţԽǮԽţôҲû뵽Ӱ׾ƾƸī顣
ôܣʲôʲô󷨣ʲô½⣬ʲô
ⲻе
ΪĸѾ˳Цˣû뵽Ӹ׼ҵİ׾ƾƾȻҲ
ҪǣϷ򸾶˾Ȼ͵ĵͷһ׾ƾ˵ʲôʲôӣ
һţ·˰ɵһԴı飬͢ģȻźȷʵô˼飬ҼҾƾƿȺĴʦ۶ǰ֤ĴʦǼҾƾƼⲿš
֪Ϊʲôһôؽܷܷϳ׼𣿽ΪҵŮ𣿵ȻǡͬӦ֪ԶûôɥĲ飬Ҳһῴ޹жķϣúƴģԲԣ
㶵ؿ͢ɵص˵ͷԣ
Ǿˣ
͢ظ˵ȥҰ׾ƾƣȴйʵ顣
йڤ飬ڤ齲ּҰ䣬͢˵ǽĿڸ
Ч֣ʱ˿̿ȥ񱻴Ĵš
ĿؿԱͬʻŽ޵İ׾ƾƣȫνĴʦ
ĻӭĿ⣬صص˵ͷְ֣˵ûдȷʵܹȻػڣһǴγȫΪƾƵİæûоƾƵĻȷʵǻˡҾƾĺߣҲʶЩֶΡ
ûƭ㡣
جج֮ʣ׾ƾƵֻˣһԴʦ硣
׾ƾ΢΢һЦ壬ⲿŵԴʦĵ绰ӦڸұѧҲһ
ⲿŵԴʦӦŰɡ
л㱵ص˵ͷȷʵš
ϾȻҪĿҸտ˸ⲿţȻ͵֣ǿڵ۶ȻҲǹע֡
Ǹʲôνѧй֮ûٶע⣬Ϊһ͸⽨йأ̳ûʲôǣ
Ȼǹ϶Ȼƭӡ
л˵
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170 
׵, ҪһϢ
һͨ绰ţ׾ƾƾԴʦ˷ܵ, ׾ƾЦŵԵ, ʲôϢ
ԴʦֺǺǵΪа׵ѵ, ֮ǰᵽǸרڤ¼Ŵʦץ, ֪, ǳ֮⻹иܴ͸¶ˡ
ǹϲԴʦˡ
׵ѿˣҪа׵ṩ, ڻöԷңءҶԷҲ֪Ĵڣץסʱ, ڿ׵ϣƺҪԸ㡣
׾ƾһЦںΪѾ׮¡
ԴʦȴǸ, ʵҪ˵ܡ
Ѷʱ, ǲ֪ԭԬɱɻҲֶΡ
׾ƾ΢Ȼû뵽
ɲ˭뵽, ܶȻ飬Լ
Դʦпһ֮󣬸Ͻص, , ׵, Ҵ˴δ绰, ˸ЩϢ֮⣬Ҫ˵һ˵Ǹܹܷܷа㻥ǸʦЩϢĴʦ֮Ҳ
ѾгЩѡʱҰ׵Ѻú˵˵
𣿡
ᵽ׾ƾȤ˳㽫ĻԴʦԴʦӡУλʦֶθͣ
Դʦ׾ƾ˵֣ðβŻعԭСϾȻ飬Ҿ˵֡ԭ跨ϵĵ½⣬ǿɶ񡣡
հ׵˵ӦǷǳóܹ֮δ֮ǰѾƲ⵽δҲЩ֡
ˣʶľֻһǾϡ
춼ͬʦ֣֮Ƿ켫ʮǰѾǡ
ȴ˲캦飬ڱʦšЩһֱ̾ڵ۶Ϊһֱûʲô飬ԸҲల¡û뵽ԭôһС
ԴʦǱϢˣڰ׵¼ϣҲлΪóǹЩôԴС⣬ŤܹСнĻ飬ȫ֮С
ǰ׵ѣΪʲôҪ˻أ˵˵Ĳˣ
׾ƾ˼һָɿ죬Цûд
㵽ʮģһΪһ޴вԲŻؾͽǻӵСɽ壬
û뵽ղû
ԴʦȻԭˣ׵˵Ĳп㵽δܻĳвŻΪǿ
׾ƾֵԵѣ֪ס𣿡
Դʦ׵
׾ƾƵ۵һ˿ĹâȻȻѾ֪˭ȥҵķҪǣȻ׵ĻǱȻ֪ҸĻѾ˵۶´ʱ˿̵Ҳ׼ôǡ
Դʦĵַҵǰ׵ѣôȥˣֲϵСϵĽ⣬Ҳ֪ڵĹǵʲôزˣóóȻǰܻܿ¡
׾ƾƵİɣҲõ̡
ԴʦôŵģȻ׵ȷʵǰѵһ֮ţϾʮꡣ
׵ѣַһҪⲿλʦⲿרŴЩ¼ƻŹأֶǷ£ȻҪ׽ù鰸ġλʦæ׵ѹҲ١
Ȼ׾ƾƲôǻԼżȻܱԴʦΪϣôֵȻҲϺз١
׾ƾǲͷЩСèСģԴʦҲ㲻
˵ͷԣôԴʦ鷳ⲿŵǰ׼ҡһ׼÷һϣԷһ
ʱǰ׾ƾַġ
ȻЩ԰׾ƾƱûʲôãǶ˵ôɲ١
Ȼһæ׾ƾƵȻܿǡ
Դʦл֣˵˼䣬պ֮Ź˵绰
绰֮󣬰׾ƾ̧ۿ壬ܸ˰ɣ
۶ˣ֪ԭϾȻĲô½顣
û뵽ƣŻᱻνĴʦ졣
м֣ͬʱֵĲѣԴʦ˵ƾƣȷ֮û費Ҫ˰æ
׾ƾЦЦˣȻҪ壬Ҫ𣿡
Ƹ꣬ĿǰΪֹûܸƵǶֵˡ
ϣԴʦ׾ƾƾûôϡ
ͬʦ춼ܱŴ򣬸Ҫ˵ֻó֮ϡ
Էó֮򲢲ɫ
ֻҪܹݣ׾ƾɵشȥ
˵ҲǼС¡
ǰ׸ĸǲѣҲû뵽绰Ȼǣôһ׮
Ȼܸ֪Ļףһ뵽׾Ȼܹδ׸ĸ͵ĵúܡ
İɣ裬ʲôʱǵĹⶼС¡
˵ˣⲿŵԴʦͽͬһǻʲô
ʱһĻһе󷨣Ҫڳȥ
Ļֽס˰׾ƾƵ֣صصͷţҲҪһȥ尢Ƿģһúչ˾ƾƵģҲþƾƷģҵİΣ
Ҵôܻģǰ׾ƾгĻֽ׾ƾƵĲȰҲȰˡ
ȥ죬׾ƾƾͽԼڷϵػŷ
ʽķһѣĻһѡ
һһ
Ļ޸֮ϵһͽܶܽɵ
ЩͲһˡ
ĻôþôãϿ˵Ǻߡ
ЩҪĻʲôѧܣֻҪóӦķӦС
˶ôӵķͬԻͷʹѣײǽ
Ļ˭ѽѧԣЩǷַӵ
ֵһǣʱ򣬰׾ƾԼԺ﷢һС󷨣Цû֣ҪŰˡ
׾ƾƲؽ󷨴ݻ٣Ļ֮һĶ⣬˳ӹ˼е󷨣Щȥ޻ء
ϵͽġ
ͽҲϵĵ󷨲ȥûӣͱƣͽԼɣ˿Ѫ
ͽܴ֣û뵽ôͱ׾ƾƷˡ
ܾð׾ƾֻǴɶѡ
пô
ҲԼʦʦûá
һС¶ɲˡ
ֻĬĬشڱˣ׼һȷʵȫȻ֪׾ƾⲿŵλʦʦͽѾڣװǰǵϳ


171 
׾ƾƿɲ֪, ߵ֮Уûа취֪˵Ϣģֻδ, Էһ, ʩ˸С˳ŽĻҲ˽ȥ, ϾĻϵصע
߷֮, ĻĿǰ״һ, δҲᷢʲôʧص顣
׾ƾߣһݲ, 绰ͽܣͽ˵һ, Ѿڰ׼󷨣͵Ű׾ƾϹ
ȻвҲûô꣬컹
Ȼ֪, ׾ƾѾɱϳ
׾ƾƴĻϵסԴʦϵЩͽܡ
ԴʦǺ˷ܣʾȫϡ
, ǻʲô
Ҫ˵׾ƾƻǲټƷôþô, ڿ˵Ǹ͡
ˣԴʦ˿ʼϵͽֵʱЩͽһȦ, ȫ֪ԼôľͱӸס, һзȫ˸ɾ
ͻ˽, ȵĻᶼûС
ϱչڼ, ƤԽԽԽĻȫûа취ݡ
Ա۾Ӱ˳׼ͽܽʽûʲô·
ɸߺ˼֮ûƼͽܽţԽĲҲɴԼȥˡ
ʲôԷģ
ȴǲ֪뿪֮󣬰ҵűٴƿ
һ¹ϡ
ϹȻĻ֮ˡ
ǰ󷨣׾ƾЦĻһվţԼûһѹ
ǹޱȣӨӨ׹⣬ԡ
ݵһ󷨵Ĳͬĵ㣬ÿ㱻֮󣬺񱻻һ㣬˲߽⡣
ȸ㶼ƣ֮УԭԴԴϵĳַѵĺֹͣ˶
׾ƾͬʱҲĻϵĺѹסҪצܳѾյģֻĻ㹻ܽЩȫ
ֽЩȫĻڳҲǲԡ
׾ƾţ˳Ļؿץһ£ĻѾϰ˰׾ƾֶ
ⲻǵ.飬Ŭѹƺ

Ǻôһ飬͸˿һ಻ϣ׾ƾƾһëš
һ̶֮󣬱ͨһؽԼĻԼᱻĨ
ڣ󷨱ƻһ֮Ǻûԡ
Ѿû취Լֻɰ׾ƾ׸
׾ƾƾɵĽкһëţȻ󴢴浽һԱá
ڽȥ󷨣ǹһĨЦŰҵĿݵһС˵ؿڡ
𵴣һС˲䱻ɣĻᶼûУɵرһ
ӿĽķۣ´ĻڣĻƲܹܵһ˲䣬֫ٺˮһ㣬ÿһϸϲö֡
ʶؿ׾ƾƣƾƣͻȻоˣ𣿡
׾ƾƵͷָָǱɵ󷨣ɵûУѾˡ
νȷʵֻó֮Ȼ󷨣ôôɡ
һеĶ輸ȦףȻôԵԼⷬŬ
׾ƾƵⷬлŶֱһѪ
׾ƾæתʱ˿̣Ļ˵ûвɿǡ
ǰ׾ƾƼؿڣѪģЦѣ⣿⣿
ôҪʱ׼
̫ʧˡ
׾ƾԭΪԼܴһôҲС¶һ֡
û뵽С¶һֵĿԶ
ؿڣܵԼߵĽ⣬¶岻ʵɫŹŵɷ˥ήˡ
ӽõĺôҲΪ󷨵ʧһͬʧȥ
׾ƾʼ磬˳ûһŴϣʵʵ
⧲סϴʧɫ˭˭
ҵؿңȥ಻ϵĴ֮⣬ûκ˵Ĵڡ
֪ˡ
ȻĻЩͽôĪر壬죿
ҴҵػΪ֪ұ١
԰֮п϶ҲֶͬΡ
ʲô˾ȻôһӵѪ
ŭɶشȴôˣűֱʧ󷨣ʹ֣
׾ƾҡҡͷܲˡ
ͻȻĳϻһ˭
Ŀѣ˳ķȥǶտյʲôҲûС
Ȼй
۾һе׾ƾƣ𣿰׾ƾƣ
һ룬һŮͳϵ֮С
˲ʮģһޱȣһഺ
˲óİҰ
׾ƾƣȻ㣡
ҧһô벻ףΪʲô׾ƾƺȻ͸һƵģ
ڴ֮ǰݳ׾ƾպֻƽӹضȹһκεв
Ϊʲô䵽׾ƾƵУ
ΪʮпܻΪһëѾͷ£Żؾľ֡
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ݳŪ˰׾ƾƣôҲͲԶ
޷ֻ
ôһֱƽ˾иôһСȻĴ
Ϊʲô
ѵ˵ĲУ
ȻˣΪʲôӵһ֮
֮츣Լкã
ϾԾؾʳ
׾ƾֵؿһֻۣ֮Ǹ߶ѣôÿԼ츣ԼôҪеıδĺĺ

ϷЦ˳ô꣬Ȼǵв⡣
׾ƾƣҺܺ棬Ϊʲôһݵδȴһ
׾ƾƶԴȻһ֪ƲⲻΪ꣬Ȼûκι
ŲϽ
֪𰸰¡
׾ƾƳһЦȻ֮ǰĺϵڣȻ۾һűĥʹģǣӦõġ
Ļһһʹģ󣬰׾ƾƲſ˰֮ţԴʦǹ¡
ԴʦڼϿһȴô˵Ϻкͽס
ԴʦˣʹǲĵʲôΪʲôܹ
ԴʦӶͳһǰ˻Σ˵ЦЦƼûУ׵ѸǻȥĶȥĶûܹõ
ϵɵϴ۾Դʦɲ֪ж೩죬ǲǾòܣǲΪѾ
Ҹ㣬˵ȷʵǾˣǶڰ׵˵ֱҪ̫ɡ
˵ţԴʦӶͳ˲ٸʽļƷǰε
ЩԼһܹЩѾʧʷ֮С
ϱͱĥİڱԴʦĿһٴһѪ˶ˣܣܣһǰ׾ƾƣһǰ׾ƾơ
׾ƾƵδƽӹޱȣôܺȻһĴʦ򵥵ؽʮı߽⡣
Դʦɲֹʲôֻ֪а׾ƾƵİæⲿ˸ӡ
ϲɺذ
ŶҪȥźá
̾ɽϵϣͽܱŵķ˺ܶࡣ
Ͼû˸ҸͷʢⲿŶŸɣ
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СʬӵӺ󣬴һѧżҺܳǧ
ʱŻһˣҪȥȴǺӡв޴Щˡ
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̽ͷ̫үСãżëͲסˣ¼ٶȫ㣬ÿ컻һġ
Ӱۻ˹磺СùãڸԼˣҪúðֻ140С
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һжؼڻңֹֻĹ־ϡ
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172 
ϴⲿ֮, ԴʦʣԷȴ͸¶ϢһֱŰ׾ƾƲǰ׾ƾơ
Դʦ̲ס˸, Լ, ֱ׾ƾƷһѣԾҥ, Ǽʮ, ֪
û, ʹ֣ĥ, ӣԴʦͿ˲ԡ
Ȼ׾ƾû˵, Դʦ֪Է϶֮֮
Դʦð׾ƾûʲô˭֪Լ˹Ʊʮ꣬ô׾ٵطŹԷģ־ԴʦΪ
ôӲ, ջںĥ£ʹؽԼôЩĻһһ˳
ԴʦֵͨЩѾʦŵνʦͨͨץ鰸
һʱⲿŷͷ, û˸Ҵùͷ
ͬʱүҲȻ
ڰ׾ƾƸĻȻػص֮, д󶨣ǰȥĸԶ顣
˾͸֮ǰĻŵ, ƫ̻Ƕһ˿һ, ô참ô참
ĻʹĻ, ܴ, еøء
ĻܾˣֻǱʾôоôҪʲôٶ
ĻһΪβѡ
ڱĸĸʹ飬ϵҪҪôʱȻʹģþ
ҪԭĸǽĻ⺢ܵ˭
ã˰׾ƾƣôⱲһܹĻһ档
Ҿڴĸ֮ǰǴʦĿԼΪʲôҪǵĶӴСӸԭĸ
ΪĻˣΪڵ۶û취˳ļƻ
ֻһϲȷ˲ΪĻĵβԣĴѰҴʦĺ¡
ĸ֪֮ɫɿ֣ͬһصૣ棬ԭԭǴǴ
ҪǴôô׾ٵؾ˵Ļ
ĸױھ참ʱرϣҲķʽ
鱬֮ᶼ̲סȻ
ǰ׼ҳ˱үǮ˼һʱͱ˼
֮ǰϼĻǼˣ˵µʱ򣬸ĭֱɣ׷ױʾʱǼĻǴһģ̳ģѹһ۾ϳ˳²һĸס
νʦ˵ĻȻҲܱţ̶ԼӶֱЦ
ǲΣĻ⣬סڰ׼ңǲûоܾعҡ
֪׾ƾƵ֮󣬱һŵԵļ˵жҪ
֪࣬⣬ҲĴ
ϻΪҼ̳ˣĻԼʲôԣ׾ƾҲôõģĻӦõġ
Ϊʲôܣ
ң֮иõԴأԼսһļ
Ȼܹӿ챶ٵ۷壬ֺαҪӲŲһҪԼһ̨һ̨أ
ֻȻˣĻĸ黹ǱȽǳġ
ףԼһʱ֮ͶԼŨŨĸ飬Ǻѡ
ǵ֪ʮʲôбۡ
ʱȥҰ͢죬̸̸ӵĵãϾ͢һҲĵľ
֮ĹϵԽԽãҵ֮ĺȻԽĽ
Ҫҿj׶֪ԼҶŮԱ˴˵ĸ飬ûĻδܾ׼ңȻߵԽĽ
׾ƾƸĻûΪֱڵ۶׾ƾƻǰԼ֮ǰ˵ģлԼѧУ꣬˴ѧȥ۶ĻȻǽԷĲ˶ûš
ѧԺ󣬰ϵͬѧĻԽԽЦҲûġ
ҪǣʱʱؾͻĻĸǰů
Ǻ֪ԭĻǮ˼ҵĺӣ֮ǰǱ˱
һϢֱ±ƲѣΪ˵ŵİš
ͬѧǵǲĻǰʣ˭أ
ĻɲЩϰ׾ƾһ죬̸̸ддҵӹÿˡ
׾ƾأҲǰͰѧϰҪⲿʲôְȤĻҲæ
˽ܿˣ֮׬СⶼҪѲˡ
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ֻҪǵ첻Ϊ岻˵Ļ߿״Ԫ֮
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ϫϫ֪ԭϵͳƷЩƷȫǼʣ߿Ƽ߹ЧţƵĺܡ
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