Ķߣ֮
İ
һλ־ڵ߸귴һ춯˴ġ
Ůƪ
֮ӯɽײԴңԼĳŮ˹
ⲻҪҪǣλԼͬˮġͷϳ˳˽ɡ
ۿɴ̻ؾٳٲѰ·ȫȻ۸ڶĿΣ˰ӣһѼܵ˽ǽ¡
ƪ
ڱ߹Ԫ߷ֳѶٰɡѲֳسʼ㡣
û뵽ȡӵΣܿеĻɣȴ㲻ҹһλ﷭ǽһίÿĴ
߸磬ôûңǲǲϲѽ
û˸ͷ
С糡
һԪߣСҴıϡ
ǿ벻̣ܡ
Ͼɩɩˣ
ֹܲˣԲס֣ҵʼˡ
ʲôֻԴ
ٺʲôԴˣ
ܿ⿼ݣɳŮ裻İд202139գ¼Ѵ浵
ݱǩ ͢?֮?
ؼ֣ǣ£Ԫ  ǣԪߣѩ࣬ΣΣ  
һ仰飺ҵٽ˾
⣺Ψü
Ʒ
ӯײԴңԼĳŮ˹λ뾩꣬մӱ߹ؿ꽫ϳ˳Լ˽ɡƫλĽѷǱ𣬶ǱԪߣԳõĽ£ԪΪԼɩɩΪֳòչһЦԷǣ飬ڻĽ֮нġ
죬ķϸڶг̻ϰᴩʼգҿϷЧŮ֮ңĳɳЦȫֵһ


1 
ٶʱڣ˪ɫ죬Ƕڰãã
ʷȴһ磬ů紺ա
ů£Ůһʽһı̱һӦ԰͸ĴյFǰ
Ƭ̣һֻӵ̽ǵĶˣ
ݽģſϲ׼ģͷŮţһָȥǽ²ɵ÷ѩˮڷ¯ʳӣҺͶֻ⣬һʽһǽ㡮ȡᱡˮ˿񡭡
ǸԺõģ͵شۣʲô
ū澽а
ͽйɡҳȥһˣŵǽȥź򡣡
껶ϲӦǣһŮż޼ȥ
ǽҪźλˣѹ֮Ů׼ľںıӯ
˵Ǻ׹ȴ׹úүСʳѩ̵ˮĥ۰ԡȫǹŮжϸ޵
Ҳ֪ǰӳʲô£Ůȫǲ˳ȥֻ˷λݽ㡣
ЩıѼϼܣһϲ˴ˣһֵв̤ǰͷЩ˵ĺ󳾡
뵽겻Щţֻһ龪ݵ㡪
ϲ֣˯ʱݺȥӿУ򲻿ɻοۡ
ɾָ׸ǵָ׷춼մһ˿۲ſɽȾ˻Ҳģ˵ſҲ롣
ƤۣյùмǸˮͣתʱ̱֤ʪ桭
Ĭ׮׮Խ̲ס棬Ľ֦Ҷôི
һ̧ͷһƼˡ𡱡
޼ϣСֻ׵˼ɫ͸eɴ¼羱Өظ飬ͣ毺һš
ϣͷڷУһŶ쵰֬׾͸ü촽뻭Ưɶһ㡣
꿴һ²ȫףæߵ齱ߣطϲ걣ò衣
һײ죬һֻ޳ֲʧ̧𣬽ӹ˲걡
̧ۣ˳һѩơ
ȴ۵ʹ뵡ڱ㽫֧ضǣɫŮŷȥ˳ӡ
ɶҲз
һ˻زУһţһ۵һ£걳طȥ
굹һһ˻
һתͷͷŮ߬ȥūū澴ֱ˿ͷˡ
һŮ뽩ԭأҳ㿴ҿ㣬½Ƶһһ¹򣺡ˡ
ü˻Եѹѹʹͷģѻڵĳ޻ɨȹϵˮգ̾˿
֪Լ䵽ŮҲûʹľء
˵˵ȥùһԩĻ
¹߲Ŵ磬ǰȤͽһϻʱ˻бŮ˹ԼͬͶԵַ˷
⻰ԭҲ̸ʣǽһλʱµһԵ
ͷ޷˵ǹ︸ĸ˫޿ǰȥͶףڸһɣ֮һġ
±ʮ巳ȱϷġ
ԼҲһλʧȥ˫ף㱻˾˽
θϼλһ֮ģòҲǸиĲ񻰣ÿÿϷģһ߼λܾ¡
ѵáλĲǱ磬ǱԺͬŵмֿɹ󣬽±⻰ʱ
֪Ŷţ顱ˡ
Уɺܿãȴ֪ǲǰˣԺν²˳
ɷɸ봫ţŸˡ
С˸С˵Ǯˡ
ȥ˽ɣճһϽεʣεˣˡ
¶пεڸǰǴϣ⾩ǵؽ磬ŹŮ˵ɶ𡪡
ڶ˸ʱѥһ䣬һεʵɢ˼ܡ

ֵ
ºûƹ֣ޱһñۻظױǰһյ裬û˵Ժĳӡ
֪ȺϵĹһղ˼һȺͷ˵Զ෢˸ǧϧ壬Ҫͷǰɡ
ǣܽڽϵƤ
ûػӻ֣Щ˻ȥʮͭǽڵĽεʣҲ
һأֻˡ
ֱպãǻֶΪüݣ£ȴˡ
ؽûüпŮ˵ȥȡ²õȹȻõһֻϻӡ

·ۣŮƹĿǴ˺ӵۣ˵ȹӷַŽȥģ᲻ɣ
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Ϊôдġ
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ѲֽһͨܽʲôӦʲô
Ҫƣ⻰ʲô¡
¿Żһνѡϻзֻ˼Ƭ̡
ûУɵв٣պЩʲôϡڡ
ǸᣬŻȥ֮ڵߣͺӯԻһյ
һֲȵҶɼ̤ƺżЩòĹǧҲ֡
ɾһֻϻһֻϻش򿪣գ˵ֻһֻҲûƼ
ԭҲȨֻҶƽͷյ֣ݺӵءͬ˵Ц
Ҳǣ⻰鲻ˣһȥ
ٴηһҳ˵ľĸ
ԭĸǿǼһĶӣҪѹа
ۿ󣬶ӵת٣ĸĶϷˮȻҪǧټɡ
νù˲ʵȫǾĸµġ˻
ֻǾĸû뵽ΰǲɢˡ
޼ƿʩ֮£ĸֻôӵʿǶһϲƫ
˵ֻҪֱŮ˫һƷ˿֯ɱ裬װһ䷽ңзһ£Ůͬ˹һĽз֮ˡϡз˳
¿ĵֱüҪۻ໰Ȼһ١
ͻȻ쳿ͷŮһͷ˿
ǶϿȷʵ֣ʱҲû뵽ֿܣֻūOϵġ
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𣬽±û˯һһ˯μ˳ҹǱУüͷ
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뵽ߵ𣬾ݻˣҪĶˡ
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һصŮ۹۱Ǳǹĵ˳ȥ
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ҪǱףλǾġ
ǺΨһĵӣಡȫǱĸ簮ݴģûúöգ첻ǻ켣ķڻ¥δø嶾ȫ
ǰЩһ¥ŮѰ޺˵˴ĺӣΪ˺ôһ
ŮȻûܽšĸף֪⺢ӣӭȢŹŮŮֽ̥˴򷢳˾ǣƺʮ졣
ҲȫȻû־統£ͣ¥ȥˡ
֮һأż磬ѽֵʲôʵǼֵҩƣʲôʴǵζ
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վݸӽջһֱһֻңŲӦ
ǵʧķ裬֪ԼＸˣҶʹֶΣ
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ţ²Ҵۣһƣһɿһӡ
ҲһۿŴСеĶǡ
ƴ֣̺Ĵһһϼβ˵⡭ģʧķˣ


2 
ڵϵһ̳Ȧķ衣ȷ˵ɣһī⻬һɫǳëֲڡ
˿̣ͷѱ֯һɣ˿˿Ʋһ
ӵֲͣæǰȥ˳ıȱ𼱣һδʲôƫǰӽεʻˣҲû˽ţʱǻҲֻӦһֻͷᷢԢ⡭
ֻǣüңø
ū˵ˡҲǣҲϺ⣬ˣ
½һţʳָ˵ǡ
Ƶ̫Ѩ
Ƽ㶯֣
ģūڽ϶֣ӵʱһûظŷҶˣҴ˵ĻݷԺȥ

ݣҪҪȥƣ
ϴմȾĻͷ³˲߳
һ·ȹţɽ֣·ǼʵĲߣȫͣɨԡ
ںס˿ʮ꣬븮׾ȴࡣ
ʱ򻹺ЩүСԵԺ߶үסںүרΪٳ棬ԹԵ徻ӣҲôˡ
ЩԺĸһ굽ͷΡ
һߵߵعһţ˻ݷԺ⡣
һԹֵŮ˵ˡѾ㲻
һ磺ⲻʱԽóЧԽá
ˣԺۼ͸ӭ˳
ǰͷ˵һһŮ
´ƽƽһߣһ߬¯һִŮС²ߡ
ͻȻˣʲôҪ£͸Цǰ
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ݸںͷƤЦⲻЦؿ͸һۣ⻰˵ģǿû±㲻ˡ
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ͣ
׸˴һʽ󳤰٣鴹˵һӺݸ࣬Ÿ¹˿Щ첱Ӵֵľ̬
½ݣ϶˶ɫЦˣ
Ҿĸҳһ𣬳ۡ
մɫıɫԲۣκζɳڵ⸻ɫĵøûֻһ˫ǵ۾żǿ˾⡣
ѹѹĵ׷Ķģ̧˶ϵ
ӣýҾˡ
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æ˸ɫ
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һҲԶˣǰȣʲôˡ
ϺǺЦŴԲĸҲ绰ҳء
õ£ӹ˷Ȳ裬תòһ²ŲĭʲôҳôҪоĸ󶯸λ𡣡
ĶʲôҪģ粻˵䡣ӣЦˡ
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ɫһ
ŵҲȥſˮ϶ۡ
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ԶԶԣÿɻǵãĸǰҲʮֿؼ΢ʦ
ĸĸǶ󳤹Ǻ˭
ʲôأҧгݵ۶ӣתͷЦ죬ġ
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ˣ
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Ϻ޺޿⹦ƶȥѶһ
źү°Ƿ˲ɣֱ㽪»ص󣬾ݻò˼顣
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ջ˵ӽ󣬿Ľϴӣ
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ݸϽһյȲ裬ʲô־ʲôⲻ
ЩľӺȴµļҵ֧ţûǮʲô
ſʼҵѪԵǰĹЩ˲ٽˣүĹְҲˮǴߡ
˵ʯ޳УĴβֻҪλö࿴һۣŬŬ°͸ˡ
Щ˾֪ߣüƽӬͷСǷ֮һ䱾ѪҲŹ
ݣͰĻˣаô֣
ºȹһյȲ裬ȥһЩüڰʾȥ
ۿŷս־òԣȵȡ
һգ˸ճɻҲһ
ǽ˶ණֲˣ
¾ݣȥⷢպã뵽дƽ취ϻȡǱ
УĸƫƳ֮ɵƼתֱ¡
߹غȻ漱ΪˣæϸǰУò롣
ĸϲأûϲ֮¡
żȻĸǽǣ֪һ˶ˣȴ£óȻ˺ֻѰһβƽƫ
˵ҲѣֻüɷնǷ輴ɡ
һ룺ɲɴȥ𣿵ԡѪɳ彣ķȽᣬ֮ǰסģ

̧ۿ˿Լݡ
Ƚʮ߰ʯȽǻδ˭סģ˭ȥҪԡѪɳ
һһ󷭡
Уȴûиָ̣Ҳûἰʲôƫֻһζߺθγϣ˼֣յȴű߹صĽݱ
ۿʣµҳԽԽ߹صȴٳû꣬ԽԽ죬ԽԽòԾ
ֱһһҳһСԾȻֽϡ
Ͼ֪꣬Σ¾ֽ⡣

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һ֮·ӦûŮûʶģͷǸӹĶܽսɾ಻ŵˣʲộҲֵÿǿϽ֣Ĵβ˱ᣬֻ˼Ϊеģ˭Ҽſɣ
һ磬УŴⶦеųｪ½˪ɫԼһơ
Ÿճʷʱúõģƨ˵ֻ״Ԫν֣ûνֵģǲˮŮǴС֡
Ȼû飬ƨӦˡ
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ĹﶵĻ֦Сڴ˼ͷߴߴ׳ϼҴڵռߵءһȥֶܶͷ
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˳һȺ־£һȺټһҶۣǰˣͷҲ·
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ȻһȻûִܵ俴ڡϡĲ¥
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3 
һ󣬾ݼѵػŽ˲¥¥ż䡣
Ŵһأ˴һ˸߹һ˵ĺ֣ڰ
´žݵ̧ۿñɴһοɵˮգոմ¥һ·ɵĭͷһһΡ
ݻæֽժŪñͶֽżڵϸɾ̺滻ԱĲˮߣȻڴС¡
´ýӣѬʲô㣬ˡ
¥Ϊż仹Ǽλҹӷóġ
ҪЩϳ˽£ڣŵĵضûУҲֻܽͽ͡
ݸϽϨһѬ㣺Ҫɢɢζ
˴ܶ䣬ܱӣͱҪίһ
·û˻֡
תȥ֧ӣŸôн
ʵλĵĽˣôƫƫɾ
λɾиڶʹĵǰھһɢĶһɵ
Ϳ˳ȡ̶ͷԴΪһֻɾӣ˴Ӵ˸ͬˮ
ÿ棬һ䳰һȷһԲһ˦ϽΣһ˭Ҳ˭
һǻ׹ݣһ߼رҲȰͣö֮Ͷ˼ԡļҪ̫̫ƽƽ쳡ϯסһ㣬ϯн޽
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¸һֻյһͣͷݡ
ݣЩ˺˵˵ʲôأūȥ
ôܣǰǶ޲Է˵ʲôݣԪҲ䣿һߵ
ǿַȥݱ˸԰ƣŲյƵݵߡ
ⲻǽ¥ǳ棬νֿṵ̂ɣ
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ô˵ڵ𣬡ߴԪߵﴳӪǧﱼϮȡн׼뱱ͥʲôģҲˣ

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⡶˹дԪߡ
ôдԪߣ
²˼ذ鷭ָȥȥַͷβֿһ飬ûλһµɱϣɳԷħ֮пŷɥġ߸硱ǸΪһֻиŵԪа֮
ȥ꣬ķһλŭ꣬ˮ϶һλᵶ˫ս񡣡
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6 
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߸磬һ֮꣬ǳ֮࣬Ҷ˼ɽ֮ʯ֮أȲ֮ᡣҹѩ֮ʱϣԸѱͬΣִ֣֮ס¡



8 
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Ԫһƿţ˳ȥûҴˡ


9 
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´һ䣬뵽ʲôŬŬ°ͣȥ˾Ӫ߰߸磬յĹ״Ҵϻ۵ĿѾĻ֣ӽûܲɢˣ


10 
Ķܿ촫
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ݷԺͷģӴʹѾߵ֣һȫβˣҲ˵˵ʲôԺſڵĽţȥһѺϴʵıԼ
ϴӵһֱεҹòһźȫİףԼȦһ㣬һ˹ȥ
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һλصĸ˷糾ʹҴҲ
ڣ±ūбϣùǰĸյȲ衣
ǰӺүһյűżæҪϻʥµĲŽʵڵ󲻵ùڣүԸ檴ӡлظ˵ţһźһ̴ֻľӡ
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ԪתĶͣסһۣǶһţױԼİĢ
ĢŤͷ̧Ǳɵˣ˪׵죬һ۵߸磿
ԪߵĿ⻺ɨͨĶͱǼ⣬˼գգۡ
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ҲǲУҪġ

һЩ˼򴽣ǸĻǶպѾߣ͵ӦӦ°ɣ



11 
֪ľ仰˲ˣǰɫȻһѩҹķ絶䡣
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ҲǣѵлͬһңǲҪ˴úáҲҪչˣа߸չ˾͹ˣ

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ҪƵǰȥʻ
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һ磬ֽŽģֱӲѵûţҲˬҲˬԽԽܣһվ
ǰѾӭͷһԹһһԭ·۷ֵ˻ȥ
֪ӯǼҹӲԸɴǰôâݰǶǾ¼ҹӲġ
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Ѿ߽ŵͷǸԥ˺һͷһֻ룺캮ضģ뽪ɣ
ģ۽бȥһɨǽ
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ݼãҪͷƤ𣿡
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ѾǲΡΡŶ֨
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ҹѩͣЪԷȻֻд֦ѩѹżϸ֨졣
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ǡΪѵҧҧ´ɥҵ̿һҲůѽ

̿һ̿ζҲˣ˰ֻûůһû˯ˡҷģξҼͷ߸磬ҡ¾ָһ٣ҼҷôҪ˺ģǼ̿СһǱĵ̷ƭˣ

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۰ͰͿȥֲҵŮͲչչұůˡ
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Сȥɵͷһͣ

Ԫ߱˱ۣһȥŮ


12 
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ƷǾ䡰ѾߡĽԽԽһǽζ
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14 
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һڼģʲôˣҲҪնݳɣ
ʹȥ⣬ݶ˼
ǰһ˫۾ǧͷ˿ɢ糺죬޽ǺʪϢ籡ȫģԪߺ΢΢һۿ˿˼ľ룬䲻ɵ
ʹӦ˽ˣǹӵĹɩⲻ𡭡
ѰƵĺȻĵ⣬Ԫָһ飬ȥѹ㲻ˣҾ֡
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Ԫ߻ɿһֻ֡
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ſţȥ۽һգգһ
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Ԫƫͷ۴ڵĻֱϣһˣˣˡ
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ԪüһȻɨ
ȴƺѹûעɫãأԽ߬սģ۾תͷȥҾ͵սɳǱ˺ˣ߰ɣٲߣøõȼˡ

Ͷú˵
УʹȥҡáԪ߻²ӣһѳֱߵʣǰһת
´ԭתȦ˲䱻ɸӼּһ멶ͷ£ǰһڣһתѱۿ˼硣
㡢㻹Ҫȥѵ㻹Ĳ˫֮¼ֱԼʲôðǣʹҽ´ĵ¼ģҲⲢٻ


16 
򸮶ԺԪ߿żϵġӼԺţһ·ȥ֮ɺرǰͷ峡ŷӷӣԺֵҹͨͨϻ˺ַ
ſԪ߼ѵֱ£߲ˣ壬ĽŸʹֻʣһ컹ǿֿҽµķ򡢷Ķ˵֮ͽǵȽ㳤ö̵ӣҾܲˣһһһ˫ˣһһһˡ
˵־һһһδ̫ЩµԴҡһҡĿڣֲǷ㲻ɣûҪ¶𡭡ȫٶңиɵйġò˰ġ黭ʫʸ踳ͨģĸܡ
ôҲǲס߶߶
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ԡԪƤô֪
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17 
ҹ´һӵԶԻص
һţŮſů˯ú죬Ŵ£ԶֶһЩ
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һţʹȥڵأͷһɭ㡪


18 
½߬еıڴ
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Ԫ߲ͷ𣿣
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һɲһһ¡
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ŽɫᣣĿ˲ʱ㣬ַɿ
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ʲôţĿɿڴؿ˿ͷԪߣֿ˿ϺߵıãԴॵһ죡
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19 ˫һ
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ż䣬һӵ𣺡Ǳ۸ڶģҲô궼ò֡
㶮ʲôǶװġ˼Ұõˣ
ļٵģ
ۿҹ˽ᣬм٣
˭˭
˵һԪߣ
żһƬȻ
ǣͷ𣿡
ô㵽һȥģ
ϲֵ
һͷż䡣
ͷ˵šȥ֡ŶһӸžƶӿżǰһϻЦֺţһ̽һˤ˸ſ
찡ȳͷһЦ
ſڵϵ˶̧ۣƼʹü֪ñ˭ˡ

żȻһһȺΧھߵĹӸŤͷ
ɴһ˫˪ۣٵߵľյһյҺô
ЦϺõľ¥úóԲˣȴ˵λ֪ôãҪ˰ɣ
һ飬Եľʱһ룬Ҳ˪һ
ü֣˷һۣɨżһ˵ǣպùϯϵ±һζԭء
¥ŵĴӣҪˡ´ӱǻ˦̧ų¥ȥ
սսĿͽµıӰʧڹսǣͣһ亹
¥ż䣬˿Բ̨ϣʮ輧ȹɡ
ŮǷϯߣһѵ˵Ц
µȫһ¥ˣȱȱؽţŮժȥñ
һȺŽĹŮæҪкӭͷһûɪɪס˻ȥ
ιһϮҷزɴȹһ˫ױģƾ̸ЦֱӴ˭Сӯˣ
üףڱͷ뱦ζ˼䡣
£ü۵׸һ˿Ӷ֮ɫüʹɫʾȥ㣬ȥµı䣬㽫ЩĶɨسţԼȳҵľ¥㲻ͷȥҰġ
ɫÿЩͰ梡
һ²ˣԡĪģ
üͷع񣺡ôܣ
ʲô
һҭǰҲҹ࣬밢߸㱩¶ˣľԽԽȥһס
İˣҥ˭ãƫԪߣֲǲ֪ĶԹ
ǲˣôǺãҽոҲӣ治ɣ
𣿡׳֮ϯȥ
΢΢Цţûأĵȵȣһ㵽ˡ
űη·𶴴һе񣬽ɤֱߵĲյһڲ裬תͷȥ
һתһ̽ĿԼϡ
³ȥƼϴѩɫ󳤰ŲɫȹؾŮ
ǼˣԷĿ⣬Ųյͷȥ
òżﲻ˶͵͵Ŀȴ̫һƺһֱĴ·Ŭ뱦εĴ
»£߽ż䣬뷽˶ʱ˺¥ݹսǴЩ뻰
ʱΣ˭Щ
ο˿ףҵСŮѩ࣬˾Ĵҹ㣬ƽմŲһŲģҶ˵߿ǵͣϯ࿴ա
³ѩ࿴ȥһۡ
˴һü㵭ţƵľСţҲ˵Ųµĳ֮ˡ
ҵĹӦҲǴˣЩǣˣ
ţü˸ʹӽһƳƳһ
ɡ
ϯǶȥûԪߵһתۣѵͷǰ˸Ա˼š
С˼ҼҹھӪ㸰磬Сһݺıףء
ôæѽϧˡ£ӯ벻𿪿
롪ʲô룬ֲǸҵĺ񣡡
Ц֣ôüϻһԢавƵġ
ۣһЦһΪҹֻͱء
䲻һ飬ͷȥ
£ΰϯҪһ죬ҹЪҹǶն鲻һУĿˣΰ梵Ӷ
һһ٣ȽƷƷ⻰
©ҹӲվŶ˯ˣ࣬Ӧ빫Ӻͺڹⷢѡ
ˣأ
ɣˣӽµ飬ȥӪˣҪҹŻأԼĪʱȷʵôϯˡ
ŶƷǾµ飬յס̸ߵĴǣĬĬʱ
ʱ룬
´Ӿ¥úԡһ˷ױǰŮʪĳ
ظһʱ˷Ķȴ˵һ춼ûعǽֱץһΣ治һˡ
ظܴΧԺôһֱ⣬Ҳôȥץˣſȥķ
ķţһֱȵŮʸɣҲû÷ӡ
ٿŴ齣ҲӰƵģԸȥ
ҹμԪ˵òȴʳԣ齡
СûţѽӴӱ쵽ȫһ顪ŪˣҲˡ
Сպõķ纮ַĵȰ˯¡ʵٽͼ˲Ժǹˣֻǿҹ˾Ŀûžòȫ
˱Ʊ˵һصٽΪֹһ˵ʱ
⻰˿ʱһʱȴֲȷˡ
ɵûİǾ䡰ʱ˵Ŀǰ߸ʱ
Ǻʱˡ
ȥ˸ȥ򸮴ֵϵŶ
һȣǰʱȥȴر˵ٽѹûع
¸ˣüһôûظĶȥˣ
꣺᲻ǾӪʲôҪ£Ǵ
ҲҪ¡
ȻˣҲ˵һ
ǰҴҴǣǿͱˣ˯ţ±ĿҲǺõġ
ණ˵׼ʲôʱظˣϵۣ
㲻Ȱˣôţʵڷˣ˲ôˡ
֪ùȥڽ̤˯ʱС˽ˣ
ٿ̧󴰡
ٽˣǴӻˣ
ѽȲɣȵҲã
ȸһҪѵɣպ˵뵽Ҫɸ
齣һ֣ˣ͡
ءСһմȣǶȻģ

ǶȣǺű̧ģ
һ㶣ô£
ūҲֻϢżˡ
⻹ûأ콵գգۣŬŬ°ͣߣȥ
˷ѣϲȥյԺǰͷһɱĺС
üСһһŽԺ
ԶԶΧһȺˣæҽʿˮѾСˣо˸ϡ
ҽʿһ֣˱ҧŲ໽ֺֻһţôҲסʵûˡ
ӣЩüа̶ãͷǳȥ
վżȥˣ
һȺһͷĵͷõõ
һͣۿŹƵĵɴۣųŲȥ
Ӳܶܶ
Īؿϡ
ϣҹ뾪ſˣӲ֪ʲôִˡ
˴ģ¶ȣǷŴ˵ʲôͷȥȥ
ҽʿȥ˽ţҲ޷µˣ
ѽôذֻһⴲˣ
ǡҽʿһϧĳ̾ûڣһͷűǣһʮͬ顢ַͬĿˣͻȻȷò̾ȥˡ
ˣ绹ҧ̣ܵðκˣ뱲Ӳָ˵תҽʿԵÿп࣬Ϊˣ򲻱عҴеö֣Ҫ֪ʱĺģΪա
ֱҡͷҧŲƴʲô
ҽʿģϷһҽΣȡ
ٴɱĺУСһһŷ֣ǽ˿סˡ
ۿӿ޺ŵ𣬵л˿طۡ
ҡͷ̾˿˽εĽѵɵóŵԣмǵǵˣ´ΣͲ֪ϵʲôˡ
۵׾һûͷһ˹ȥ
Ӷ߳Ų߻صһ߽޼ŮûУô£
꣺ū澷˴С˼仰˵ǴӽҹһȺഺ¥ͻȻ쵹Ͻһûű㰤ƹȾôˣ
룡ס졣
һӣͬеļλҲͬ£ֵǣǶֻһȡ
Сȣ˭ееô͡
˵ºڷߵĿ壬ֻóܸߣһīƵģˣˣ
䣬޼һΡ
ס죬ƻعͷȥ
ֻһܸߣһī˴غһƶñأһ²̧ͷ
£
ǰľһͣԪһϵժ¶Ƥˮ
Сһ㶹Ŷæȥˮ۾ֱֱ
ԭشƬ̣Ŷˣ۾
Ȼǰ߸һŭΪˣ
¿첽ǰȥһһ󣻡ôˣ𣿡
Ԫߣ
ڳһֻֽӹСĲյٸιߣ˲յأǿ𣿿ѽ
Ԫ߿˿µĲյֿ˿ԶߵŮһܣɵֻֽӹյתͷ¡
գۿ֪ҽձ۸ˣ
ιǾˣ£Ҫ֪ᵽ˵һɴ˻
ֳԲӲ
ԪߣҲЩ˲˳ۣôǻˣ
´ʱã˲ϽӲŶЩȻ죬ȴͣΪͲ⳯йԱ
ңЩҷսȥ
һЦЪҸȥ˴Ժӣˣԡ
Ԫ߿µĴ齣üҼѵû齣
ûѽ¶˶ŵȥȥͻأɲ߰


20 
¿˳ԡ, ϴȥЩմȾĵ׼ǹżԼʡ˼ԡĹ, Ϳ¶֮ͳԡ˹С
Իص޼, ƿ, ȥһȴûƼˡ
Ŀ, żµĽ̤Ժǰһ˯ˡ
˵ȥЪ, ίԼأ
ü, Ჽǰ, Լı, ڻȥ
һ, ˯еȻ۱, ̧һ񵲣ϥ˳һ, ϡ
², һתĵߵ, ˱㱻ѹ˽̤ϡ
ۿŶסֱ, ±ͷ, Żűµز˲۽ޡ
ͷĿײһ̲ˮ˲仯ΪӰ
һƬ׵ûۣܵγˮ֬ѩ, Ԫ۵׵ȻȥżںδĿһɿƿַۣ¡
ɵ˳Ŀͷһ̧£ɢ½Ҳűһµᴭ̵ա
ۿվǰһԲͷҲأ»˻׵ҡҿ˯ˣǱӡ
ͨﵩҹôΣյĵط˯š
Ժ˯ʱԪѹѹȥСǰյˮ
Ϊʲôѽ
Ϊʲôϲ
ǰҲûذ
ԪˮĶһ١
Ȼⳤܸţȴ֮ǣû˭һѵͷҰޣ˯ʱʱԽĻһĵˡ
ιȥ
ԪߣǰǴǰ
ðɣ£ôʲôֹվ±ͷ£һ̧ۣһֱվСߣǰȥ
оŲԪһеĲֹͨе·ϣ֮䡣
ôѽڲû˯˯˯Ŷܹɴֱ˵ˣ㼸Զ
Ԫ߻һתúָ齣̧̧°ͣôԶ
ֱ˵ѽ
ҭҭ޺ת߻ش齣ȥһƸ߱סͷţûһɣñĺ󱳳
Ԫߺȹˮһͷǲ֪ĶһţϸһиOO@@˵
˵ʲôϲǰϲҰˡ
ѵϲ𡭡
ϴô˻ҿټĺ쳾Ҳû֮ˣȥֵˣ
ͷһѳһգعͷȥ
Ԫǣûʲôͷһ᣺ô
üͷһɣߵĴ齣ҲˣԼС

㻹ΪգգۣΪϧȨһСŤ˷ֻ˵ģûбҵģ֪֮һеģ㣬Ȥѣ

ǵһô֪֮
Ԫ߳Ʋͷȥ
£ôҲ㻹
㣬ȤѡԪ߲̲Ƥеעһ۽ǣ£ޱֱ̯ۣʾ⡣
±Լ˻ʵĽǶȣһļ磬һֱۡ
ԪжȫŪ
סֵĹߣ͵ԼǸˡ
µˣһ§䣬Դ
Ԫߺ΢΢һжµֱ˻һ顣
º֪̾
ѹֱΰ׵˵ʲôҹ޿ɣʵǳϲۡ
ĵĬĬţҹһ¾õİºȻʣ߸磬˵¹󣬴绹𣿡
²ס졣
Ԫۣ߱Ƭ̣˵û˵һ𣺡Ļ
ˣ̫á
ôҪȥֵն
̧ͷһۣҷģҾ˾˾һӣܲΪûˡ˾֮ҪŴһϾһѪ׶ûˣ
Ԫۣͷȥ
ʵҺСʱ֪ĸĴңҵݣҰڹڳڻʲдֻ֮ҪҺãܵõôԲһþĸӣҲ
Ȼˣʹﲻסαסôꡣ
Ϊ˾˴ĵģҪ˾ˣֻо˾ˡ
Ԫ߱ջȥüǾ͵ȺٴһΡ
㶲ŷӦ˵硣
ʵЩα겻αҵиһݵķӣûеɤӣЩ˼˽ı䣬״ҲԴ£ֻҪ֮ޣĲҲ޿κˣ˵ǲǣ
һ׹ӺڰԪƤһ
ЩɲĻܹ˱˶ȻһöҪԴգǰ֮أû취ȫžģֻ֮ǰԱģֻҪȢңǵл»ĺشˡ
ͷûӦԽ˵ԽСԽ˵Խͣػһ¶࣬ʱպþ˾˻ؾǵǲǡԶ
˵꣬ڴ̧ͷȥ
ȴͷ˱۰˵죬۽޶Ƶģ˿
˯ˣ
߸磿̽ŽһûõӦ˻ֱۣ߸磿
֪ڼ߸֮޼ţֻʣһŮĵ̾Ϣ
һ磬Ӫ
ºѲӴӪߵ䳡ʱͷ칭ˣһſСļ򣺡ȥٽռʲô
½ٽ첻ˣһͽ䳡źʲô£СĲҽȥš
£첻ʱûأ˭ٽģ
ºϽ䳡һȻļУߵԪ࣬۲ϲŭɫֱϡ
ԪֳִֹӼͲһ֧¼˵
ٽûʲô°ɣ
㿴ʲô¡
ºһǡְλҹܵʱҲģ
㣿Ԫü
ǿ϶ǣٽε֮ˣ㳳˼ܣֻҪȥˣһ˼ʮ䣬⼸չȥǷͷΣҪ޸ˣ

Ԫߣô˵
ºһ㶣ĸƨҪ𣬡ʲô
Ԫ߱˱ۣһС鷳
ʲô鷳ְԸΪǣ
ءԪŹңƳ۰ļУ׼ͷƣһɡ
ꡱһ죬ʮɿҰһƬҶ¡
Ԫߴְѳºȥʱȥˡ
ºæ׷ȥЩӭһС˸ʳдҴ
ٽӯŮˣ˵˵ߵ磬ػδü÷Ǹʳ
Ԫߵͷһ̴ľʳп˻ų鿪һ㡣
һۿһдźֵİͷ

ڶ㡪
ӡ
㡪
Բӡ



21 
ĺʱ, ů󴰱ƾһûһµػָĿȸè
ϵСūһʼ²ϴץ, ˿ſţż̧һצӣǸһֱ桪Ͼֻè˴絽һ죬һҲ뿴èˡ
һģһýƣ, һһèɹбϦ, е
һڿȥˡ´ûйһҹĽ١
ҹò׽ã˳ˮ۵ؽõĻ˳ȴ仨⣬ˮ⡭
֪࣬̿𣬱ҲûȻȷʵ˼ʵڽв, һ˵, ˭֪һ, 齱ȴѿտҲ
ǲʳҲˣϾػһ, Ҳһ, ʶ, ȴʯû񲻽ں
ǷݴϲʳȥһգҲ֪ʱܵȵĻ
ֻܻҹķθ֮ԣ䲻Ҳ޷Ϲ, ܿʲô˼
۴ͻ͵Ϧضè
ǡ˿̣СҴҴͷ˽ٽˣҪ
߬Ŷèֱ룬롣
ɱ˽Ŀбӳ˸С̧һ˿ƤŽ۵׵ڴŬһЦҼҹ˵纮Ѵã֮ճҹ㲻ˣ뿤ع壬עЪϢ
ĿһŶ̾˿лƾĬĬּʲôȻֱҽղȥʳɳˣ
ȻǸǻǻ㲻
Ŀ˸£ӳˣˡ
ˣ
Ȼˣȥʳɫζȫɿڣͷϵͼʮֱ£

һ㶣ʲôͼ
ЩɫĻơ
ǻ𣿡µĴ겻ŵز£Ǹ֣
𣿡ð亹ͷȥС˴ֲʶ׾ˣˡ
㲻ʶ֣ѵҹҲʶ֣
ɵͷΪѵӴǰԺʱͷǽѧȥ߹شˣһЩʻҲȷʵ
±侲Ƭ̡
ŵϹܿʲô˼ôû뵽ϻϹأ
Ƭ̺󣬽ۣյһеĶè
ҹû¶ȥɡ
գԪ߶ԱܷͷΪɣû
±Ҳʱ̹ע⡰ͷĺ
˵һƬƽ˾ЩĹӸĴһڴ׷ָϵ˼С
Ҳǣ±ϾȣҪ׷صǣԼ˿ĴȨ֮£ȻֻܴѪ̡
ż·ۿͷҲȥˣһ磬Ķ˸ȥ򸮣Ԫ߽ҹɷܹʱܽϻصδ֮˵ף
һȥ֪ЩæòɿնڸϽӴҽʿҽλӱ߹ؽġˡ
ӹ̫ҽܱ߸صҽȫٽ˸飬ٽŽӣӦǲ˾ȻˣƽڲСŵĻ˵
´ǰۿλˡ״֪սΪ߸ܵˣҲĳ鲻һ룬ϵÇҲԿˡ
δʱϲ֮µȷʱˣΪպӣĶ˱ĶˣҲһǲǣ
룬ö⣬Ըҵҽʿȥһ򸮡
ͬһʱ̣򸮶Ժ᷿
ԪվڴǰۿϺɫҰܵˣǵĺ
ǰʪߵ齱ߣᶯ˵߽ϢһһˡЩôҲ˺ЩӣһŷӶأ
Ԫ߳˳ǣȻΪ˵ȵõš
ǹӽûҽѾõ˺÷ӣ
ǰ᷿ܿܿճˡ
ǿ̫ˣ
ʲôɷӣȻôⲡ֮µسˣ
ĵ棬øɾ߽ȥϴһӣǰʱԪ̯֣Ӹңȥɡ
ʱԴ᷿óλ߽ʮ壬ɱ㲻ٴţӵݸԪߣ˳ȥ˷š
ֻ᷿ʣˡ
ԪǰĬվ˻֪ʲôƬ̺ĵʪ΢΢סˣ˵ۣȴҸ㣬һЧ֮һŴĶҪɱ㣬ⲡɻɵȥ
α˫ۣüȴͻȻôء
ε˱ѣǲǺܾ
ҰֵҲôġ
ĺһһزдţ۽һǵʪ
ԪߵֱŴĳգգۣʪʩ
ڱȫʪ˼Ϣݹ᾵žţҪǧٿ׵ķθＳȡʣ޼Ŀ
Ԫսƣ
ۿһ㾪˵رϣһйš
Ԫһգӣһһӡ
Уžؼһˮ
һȦһȦȥ˻ˮָƽ޲ӳճһ˫ްۡ
Ԫ߾ǵˮ棬һվ·ޱ޼ʵĿҰеĸй١
ʲôҲܲ
ž֮кȻơߵ
߸磡
ͻȻһǿԪȻͷſȥ
Ŵ۵ĳӳճһεӰ
߸磬˵Ĵҽңͷдѵĺô򣬽ոһλ㿴ܲܰæ
Ԫƫͷ˿Ϣˡ
߸磿
㲻ҿԼ˰
ĴߴУԪĬĬһ£ʣǰ˷š
һȹ̧˵ع棺ôôòſţҪ˵ͷҶҪˡ
Ԫû̧ۿ뷢׵ߡ
£һλҴСĲģ˵仪٢ֻشҲΪЩûȥ
ҽʿס
Ԫߣˡ
üҶ޵ˣ˵Ǻô򣬿϶Ǻô㻹Ųң
Ѳǵģҽˣûڲ

Ԫ߳һӣ̧ʾ˽
ҽʿҩš
ºŸȥտżԪһվԶ㡣
Ϊʲ
Ԫߣࡣ
ŶûϵĶˣҲ
ţ»ǹԹֹס˽ŲûһקСۣı䡣
Ԫߣ
ͷҽʿŴʣֻ̧ڴص֣ɫȻһ䣬ɴۣͷԪ߿ȥ
Ԫɫ糣һֱֻţһֻһ̧Ȼ˵ǿ֮ˣұҲҽع˼ɣɡ
ҽʿתͷȥŴʶˣͷ߳ĺ飬ιȥΡΡָ̧
ĵȴ󣬽ԶԶƬ̣ô
£ȴٳûõظ
ǵӲıӰԪЦһء


22 
Ц, һʣȴһɪɪһļ¡
ҽʿ亹乵ڴǰо·𱻱Ľס, һ, һŲ, Ҫͬ³
λˡȫޣָͣھ״̬, ڱ, ֫лȣδֳ, ѿƲӦµϢ
ʱڲ֮ǰ
, ڿߵǰƬ̡
˭Զ
ΪߣԵҲɱ䣬Դһȫʧȥľͬ, ȴΪҪ˲̵ֶνɱ
ʱ˿̣治ɫһλȥһ˵
˵Ĵߴ, ҽʿŲɿ˰, عͷȥһЦĿ⡣
Ԫߣ, λɻתĻ᣿
ҽʿǰͷȥ˸һҾ, ʿˮءٽпɡ
£пǺ⣿ҽΣ
Сеġ
ǿ쿪ӳҩĺεϡ, ֻҪܽҽãͣ
ҽʿ̧ۿԪߣͷ±߼һһֽ̿ʣʼдҩ
˱䣬̧̧°ͣ㿴ǲǻҳ
Ԫƫͷǡ
ЩңͲصô๦´λѰҽʱ£ֱңÿڣܶȱ㣿
ԪƲͷζһЦС
ºһߵ᷿ſڣıһĳ
һˣһڸ˿ҩĴһĿԼһʲôȤЦ˵ٽ
ٽܱ˶ЦӦɱɱ˰ɡ
ҽʿд귽ӣվһ˵ЦĹˣ£һʱ֪òûõҩŵһĻ
Ұɡºǰӹҩ͵ս½󣬿Ԫߡ
ٽڱŵİæ֮һɫ
ºͷʾһһˣ
һ䡰ٿһºĿ浶ҽʿսľҩ᷿һ·ȥÿһ±Եһ
ձڸºŲһ٣ͣ
ҽʲôûƼҽʿһҪȥ
º̧һסˣտɲʲôûƼ
ҽʿɻ̧ͷ
º᷿ķĵ̾˿
ǰһս֮Ի˷Ϊλ߽ͨУй¶˴սƻо·ߡ
ӳ߹ʱʯֻǾһٷ򳤣дսӵһӴ˱˴֮ˡ
ʯĴߣУɱУӲս࣬һ·ΪӵĸڴӶʦѣһĴڡ
˭뵽һȴ߾еһŶǿ˴ӳé®Ƿȱ֮ģȡεһǵ
ǳսУʯΪüȫûΪ߾ʧ֮֮ʱԼҲˡ
ٽִӵݺ󣬵һʱ̱ҽס˸ʯ
ʯΪĿĲϧԼȻǳڸ棬ָʹ
ΪĻ֣
ֻҪʯٽǧѶֶ˿ڣ꣬Ǿλҽþһа취ҽΣֻŸʯһ
õҽʿǾУڻؾ֮ǰٽȷţҽ޷£ҽʿԡʯٲȻҩʯҽ
˿˵Ŀڣ˿
ٽǧһ֮˻ͻؾ̬ΪȥˣıҽΪ˱Ʊ֮˰಻סǰڡ
ſƾʵҩһȻˮ档
Ϲûˡ

ºӻлع񣬿ǰɪɪСͷ
֮濤ǰ߽Ͽʱ߽ͻȻ鴤°ĭڻжٽȻŭ㽫ų⸱ģ𣿡
ҽʿæͷǡ
ڿ˼ٽ˴£ԿԸ߽֮ȫȻ֪һΪ߽еΣ˵ٽö𣿡
ԡԡϷϷض𡭡
º賯˸ƣǻߺá
Ժ鷿
ʱʮգٴλص鷿ȻãǶ鷿Ĳɲ̫ˬ
绻һɣҵĶŲˡ
żϿŵһ񡭡ȻƿˣøµôŲƽ׽𣿡
ǽܻ֣ܲʲô񡯣ڻ𣿿϶ֵġ
Ԫվǰϴ֡
ϴֵĹ򣬴ëõĿѾ˵Ի鷿Ŀȫǡ
Ҳ֪ڣ϶ǡ֡ģԪ˹ز֣һۡ
±һҭôհһæ㻹ҳ˲ɣ
Ԫߣӡ
Ǳͳ
Ĺĵһۡ
ȷʵϲЩ˹ĵĶȴҲǵͱ˵̡
һΪ˵㻰תעýһֱ£
Ԫֵ߲Ķһ٣ɻ£롪£
ǰһ᷿Ҿͷˣ鲻ãҵ۾
֮˸ˣȴó¡
Ĵһʱһʱ
֪ûе⣬δԽº޷дϣֳһ̧һ˽ˣ
˿ֳ
ѵֳʱҲһģ
Ԫѵ˵£㵹˵˵ô£
´޺վѩ׵һ˫һ߸ϵһȦµش
ԪվԭأĿһȦ
󿴵վǰΪԵõһ°ͣ㣬ȻõһС

ôãԼõһ𰸵ġ
Ԫ߲֪ЦƲۣ⿴ȥ
һۣ᷿Ŵ򿪣º˽Űײʬ̧˳
ʯѶҪɢȥñ㡱ʬȷԹ̧ȥ
κ˿ûϵ
˵
ԪĿⶸȻһºسƫͷȥƫһ룬Ȼ˿סһһѳǰȥ
һһ֮¸Ҫ̧ͷԺһֻƣ˻
ĺˮ˲ķĵ̰ӣֱͷ˴ͷŽ˸͸
ŽߵƬ½󣬽ľͷƵһؿֽŽԼģҲرס
ԪһԴһ󱳣ƫͷ⡣
ֵʬĵߵúܿ죬ȴ·
ۿһ·شȣʧԪԴֻ֣عͷȥ
оЩº̧ͷգգۣĿ˵Ļ߸磬ոúÿ졭
Ԫ۽һȣ˵΢΢һ
£ˣҲҡ
ʲô֪
֪ŶôգⲻȻһ죬ⱾҪһ̣һжһˡ


23 
ҹ, 鷿
ºһһվ鰸ͷۿԪߴźĬ, ôùȥ, ˵ûһ۶ûգ¡
ºԿãһٽרעʱĶ, һ氵ٽǰ̡
ȥʬ壬Ҳ֪ʲôٽ鷿ǰδеĺ罺ᣬ߻ظٽ˾仰
Щԭ˵, ¶࣬ͬ㽲
ⲻͲֱ˵ӡ
֪ٽԸʯһ´ͷβģձײҲȫν, Щķ¶Դλƻ֮ġɩɩ
һݹأֳףɱɱãٽΪסλá˭뵽һȱȹͷ
ٽ, Ȣ˿ɣ˰죬º̲סʳڡ
Ԫ߻û˵, ɵˣôԣ곡Ϸǲѣ񲻶Բסӣ
Сھ̴, ԴӸºڱ߹أȴʶԪߡ
º裺ʲôжԲסӣ˵ٽռƵģ㵱ٽԸ
ԪһƤ, һһۡ
Ȼִ̫һʣȴ޵Ҳ;ͬ顪
ޣȢǲȢġ
ʱյķ곡Ϸǰֳ˽λɩɩദȴֳ֪ǡƣλ̫ң֮ʱûжɡ
סˣЩ룬һ࣬ٷһ鷳⣬Ҳɶס߻Ŀڡ
ڳþӣ£ùһȻҲùʮ塣
ö⣬ԪĦָȥȥ
󣬽շת࣬öû˯ţĬĬζŽձԪ뻳еһ̣ȥ
ﵽ֮ʣͷȻһߵ
̡̣
·ɿ𣬶ȥ
һ̣ȻԪ·롣
߸磬ͻȻˣЦһƱ齣ӭһ˪ѩһ˸䡣
Ԫ߽Ųһ٣ͷ˵˪ߵ̿ϥ£ĴòͻȻˣ
Ҳǣ߸Ҿϲˣߵ̿£
˸ھʱҲԼ䣬ȴΪͷ̿߿𣬽Լů׽
ôĶЦ㻹ǵǴǰİء
װ޼ҿɹͶգֵӡˡ
洦ɼļ򵥰ţǡš
ˣǰ˾ͨˡ
һʪԪżɽҽҹеġ
Цһظվ󾪣УҪغˣ
Ԫҡͷʥƴɱ꣬ھһʱգҲţҴЩ
֪ؾʥʲʹͣȴδʽĹְ
δڵɣֻս޹ټҪ̳кڶʹҪְȱʲҲԥְλʱȱˡ
ȥӪ£ճ½ڣȷʵҲΪ
£Ҫȥʲô
Ԫ䴽ǰ㲻ɴңҶ飿ҿãԺȥ

ҡֻһ˵ˣżֱʻһԽߣԺڳǶϣôԶǻô棿
ԡⲻˣ
üһһ첻ģ˵졣
˵ˣϲţֱҪ
¶˶ţ뾩꣬Ųһ£һ֮һڸҿ飬Ҫȥû£

۷˵Ĺ˱ȵù
Ԫʹʳٺ»Ϊǣھ޹ɼҲ㲻ʥϰء
ʲص˶ȥҲ˭ⲻȥҽЩ
ֻ֪ͨµģǡ
ƲƲ죺Ϊ˻ʲȥ飬˼ǻʲҪ
Ҷ鲻ҲΪ㣿Ԫҧҧ
һ㶣̧Ϊʲô
һڣȻģȴȻ뵽ʲô
ǰ֮԰ͨѧҵϺ޽ѧȥ߹ĴǷǣڳǷʱ֮ڣֻᱻ˸ԧ졣
˱պ󽨹ҵɿƥ֮ʱ˸˹ϵס
Ϊʤ̹ʱѾ죬˸ؾ֮ǰطԺʱţֻӣȷ˸Ƕ¸õӡ󡭡
ϻ˵Ԫ˼ѿڶһνͣһ̧ۣ˻¶Ȼɫ
㡪Ԫ̽ſ˿ˣ
ðɣˡ¿̾˿۰Ͱͳ׹ףһ᲻øֿ
ԪĬĬһʫƣǾóʱڳĺĺ
ʫﻹ˵һֵǧأ

Щʫܲͳһһ¿ھ
Ԫ߱˱ۣʣ޼ô
˺ˣ࣬᲻¡̾ϢһȰԼշȥУҪܿԴӦɣ
չ󣬶ʱڲټһ棬ɡ
ԪߵͷС
ҹһСѩ¹һƬװع
Ƕ·ϵĻѩһ㱻ɨԣʪʯϣNNNԶԺǰס
һµһ۽һƷ׸ӡ
ʱ˳ѩȥ˸н²ðѩУʡһһ鷳ķ纮
Ԫ߸ڽ£̧ǰԺ滪࣬Ľҡ
ԺΪƾٶ衣
ѧ𣬹ʱľձ㽥ķϣĶ˽һж徭ʮ꺮Ϊƾ١
ôһЩʵڲǿƾϣȴֱˡ⡰廨ǧáӵܱߵĳǡ
ԱôһԺ֮ţѧ֡䡢顢ΪȺ˶竣ҲΪһЩ竵߲
ǰֳһ֮С
ţԪѥһ̧ȥ
ǡʱԶԶһһǶĻ
ԪУѥһѹƫͷ·ȥ
ͨһ·ʻԺǰͣȣһλڴʽԲְۣ׺õСɾССˡ󣬲Žε̧ۿ˿ˣ

һδװҲһϳÿ»ε
Ԫüͷ˵˲У
Ҳеѽ°ǰһָǿңҲԺġ

ʳٺ»Ϊǣھ޹ɼҲ㲻ʥϰءǰ߸˵𣿡

Ϊٺ»ɶˣиڼңʵ£ʵڹⲻȥأЦʮ֡˼
һĬĶӹԪȷˣġ
ҪȥŮѧԺΪһɺͳ
µͷһԼװ磬գգۣŮװ˰
Σ˭װŮ
Ԫߣ˲Ϲ
𣿡
ǽѧʱһ½ͣԺǰһҹӴ
׳˻˻֣λͬ磡
һλҹѭŤͷһ㶹ǰյϢһҾС磡
󣬸ҹһ𡪡
ʽСӰ
ѩ·СӵĽ¡
Ԫߣ
»ͷԪߣһ°ͣǿװϹ


24 
ԺһͶʯҵˮ, ܿ
ֶŵѩ죬ǹʱƽ˵Щŵҹӣԭ, ܹǷѧԺٮٮ, ๫Ӹ齶²ġ
ҲʲôŵԺ, ǶԴ˾ռߣֹˮ
ϽĵģȺҹӲȫ, ˿ή̬֮, һ˷ܵ۷Ź⣬űȽ
족իѧ, һѧͷӶһΪʲô, һƵƵתӳһ
һ˵ӯҪԺ, Щ־, ˯ȫ˸գЩ·ԶֲԸסѧû, Ųһ·, Ϊӭӿ
뵽˵طӭӵ, ȴӭӵһͷ
ԪôԺˣ
Ժ򾩳ѫ߹֮, һҪѧͲδ, Ǽеճӡ
ԪϣҲûʲôëǴ̵ˣ, Ծѧôô֡
˵Ԫ֪ĲԸͬһԺȻɺϣô˭ǰţ˭Ǻţ˭˭Ĳʲô
˿һ鰸˻عۣͷͷأչ˵ʮ ϼȴСۡ
һţǽǴұߺǰһµض鰸ǰյһȲ衣
л̫ӯΡ
ѧñΪһȺ裬ҲίΪٳСЩȫ
鰸Ѭ¯¯ߡīֽһӦõģҲһͯź¶Դ⣬΢ЩһתͷֱɣҲƽϢȥˡ
ԪԼĪһɣĿ鰸ǰޱģ֪ʲôӷŽһֱ⸱鲻ѵģ
ʱϿʱ¸벦һһĿ࣬ƤڵӺȻ˽
ǰһ񿴼ޣһغˣô¸ˣ
ǳʲôˣʹꡣ
˵ȥʣǰһλիͷշ룬пУ䣬಻ô˵֮رѧ
ҪϢͷԡ
ǰȴĿǰûתͷ竳Ⱥĵطѵóִжȵˡ
£Ҳòμӣ
֮Уڹʱָڵѧ̫壬Աǡ롰䡱ѧʵĽϡ
֪زκһУԪ߽ȥ
ͷ俴һۣӲĿǵѧ飬زμӡ
ͷһϲ
ΪΣǰһɵһµͬͷһ˽һͬˣѲҪ˭
ϳ˴ˡ
ĸҿֲĵճӣӲ¡
ûǴǰ߸ȵЩӲµ׵ܵܡ
ȻӲ³Ԫ߹˹ǣСսʮɱһˣٲɴӦҪͷΪڻɣ
ü
һƬѻȸʮಿԪߡ
ԪۣӲƵĿ⣬˸ơ
ԺУ
£źڳ߳ϣ¯ͷԾԾԵӲ¡
ǰһఴղͬļֱС
ѧ谤һڵյ㣬һ泯ʮ
ѶȵĿУԺɱﵣءի׵ѧزμӡ
Ҳδس£իЩʮ߰˵ĹӸһ϶ܺú˼˼һͲ䲻аӣһ㿴Ե֡
Ե̫ǳܻæҵĹ
Ȼͷո߳ȫԿˤˣˣҲġ
յ㸽ĳϣһڱɫӵĹѾ£ʼɽǽͷԵס
һϳӲµ˿飬վ㴦ͷһģһĿУٻˣҲûʣոЩɣ
ͷֱ࣬Űʮ˸ߵľդ
ζŲٶȱ뼫죬˵䣬Щ·϶ˡ
üҪĸλֶмֱ¡
ţͷӲ±ϼͲǰѽĳ
ͭһãһ£˲䱼۶Ծһ·ϣһ˫۽У׼ʱһңһ
һ죬кġ
Ӳۣ֮ץһУҧһ
һ·оյԽ·ϣæʮȻֱģ
½ͬԪ߸ˣ
ҿµҲòóұ£Ԫ߶ûϹΣвǧĹܱȵù
˼ҲϹս
սϲһͨɱ
ȺиOO@@ţ˵һ䣬һЦ
ĳϣСͬ¶ū澷Ŵ£λСүȷʵһ֣ÿοУǵһѹô⡭
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Ȼܱ֣ñֶһ¾ӣ
º޺޳һԺ򳡵Ԫߡ
Ԫߵָ󣬾ԽӽյӲ£ɫ
ԽյߣӲסͷʮУմմϲһЦӸµԪߣСԺѾã֪ܲУĹأЩ·Ҷýͷӵģģسܣ˳˾ǣ
лСүѣзִ硣ԪЦתۣĿȺлɨһȦ䶨λСɾСӿɷҸæ
һ䡰ʲôæѽҪѿڶһΧĺɫżɤ£
ͷϵķһá
һ㶣ŶͷùժǽգգۣҴӲ˶ùҾͲҪˣ˰ɡ
˻ûҪʲôһԪ߽ӹīɫۣԺϵ˸ᣡ
Ӳ»Ȼ̧ף۵һ˿˼顣
ȺһƬȻ
⡢Ǹ˼𣿡
⿼Уԭô
֮УԪִһ·ߣתͷ泯ˡ
˳ϣǳ߾ϵ꣬ۿīɫϣ𷢴βң޽ǣԼĥһ㡭
һͻȻ̵Ķѹⲻʱ˵ͷ
㴦ͭһã̤ѩ۶
귴ȡϹһңָһɡ
޹ǰִУֶһºݺľ֣аģ
Ⱥеһӳվo㳶Ųȥ
ҲǼԽ֣һ˫ֺʮһġ
žһ죬һȺӸŤͷ۾ȵضס
ûиͷƵĵ
ºʮ˫̯ͷĺ˺ǽϹèӡ
˺븽Ϳһ䣬ҲֵĿͼ멣Ȼۣݴһ̣һԥ֮£һתͷԪߡ
ۿϣǱѴ֮Ծ·ϣɾһ
֮ӲµϢ񣬴˿˸ʲôȤϷÿһһƫÿһֶζ˰ġ
ⷢǲ͸ܿȺŵ
²üǵȴķ
ӱ졣
Ӳ½յ㴦ңе߬ȭ
գ۵ĹʵڲаɱǰһһУŲԪȻ·λá
㡪ѩ׵ʳֱֱָһָ̧Ƕֽŵˡ
Χһ֮ٴγ
ʳָһ䣬ɵƯ
һȷʵƯж˺ˣûлͷζһɼ
ۿͷѹܣżض˶ţԪ߷š
һ˲һǣгһתһֵһ
һ죬ٴкģ
ʮʮ
˺һϣ죬磬ۿǱԾյߣԪֱһһѳ·ͷȺĸһЦ
ɤ۵Խһ˲ƽأһɲٿ
ѩʪĿֵȺײϡ
²֪һţҵƿȥ
Ŀ˸һͷָǸ졣


25 
ֱһλϳ, Գڷ˵þûز
Ҳܹû棬Ժﰲݾ, ΪիĿУһġ족, ҲӲʮʮ, ֪ԭ⻹졣
Ȼ, ڣƬ, ȻԪߡ
Ȼȥ䣬߹شսһδ𶯳ΪԪߵͬԪߵӡʼͣ͵ǽѧ˯òʡ, ϰϷ, ڶײν
Щ˺ôĸھ̫ǻᱻҷźġɵԪ߸ԶںĸްҪ˵룬Ԫϵڶ˭ϵһ
Բô˵˵Ԫ߾, ν̥, , ˵ŹȮ, ЩͬҲöΪ顣
߾ȫǿıЩڣı߿ʦ, ǹܣһܴʤֻ̣ʱ⣬Ԫ߲Ҳ꣬·ϵĻҵ
ⳡ俼У֮ǰôΪġ
ĬĬţ˽ع񣬺֪
ƽӲһżҲˣӲһţԪ߼һţӲһ֡
ⲻɴܣ𣿣
ò˵㣬øܿĳɼؼҵЩνһһǱ΢ҪϸֵܷĽ֮
һԼǰ̣˵Ľ¡
˷ܾһۿϳļûһпͷԪʮǧԶȤ˸ǷͷһᣬŹĿ
ţȻ˯˹ȥ
֪֮󣬳˯һϤظ˯ȥ
Ժо첲⼱һۡ
̧ͷټһУտյѧͽͷѲڣԪվڳǰͷģһʡĵģ
ѹգգۣҲظ
ԪߣҲԺﶼЩʲôˣ
ҹʲôˣ㲻𣿡ºߺű˱죬ճЦʲô
ԪüһѵҲǱıݶЦ

²ʵصһۣæ˻ұݣǺϲ㣡
λս˲Ϣ䣬æǧٱ
Ѽ˶ûӲ
£Ҳߣһοһûأ
һο
԰ǰ߮㲻װèЩ
Ԫգգۡ
Ȼһڱ߹رĸףֳͬһڳԽѧԽİԽ˼ޡ
˶ΪȥǸ竳˿ͷѧˣˣȴ֪竴竣Ҳûлٳ
ӣֳˣȴ̹˳ϡ
ʲô°»˻Σ˵ʲô𣿡
ûСԪ߻ع
ǻ𣿡˵³ʤ׷˵ģҲܹӲţûҵķôӮӲ£ôҲСء
飬Ϳˣ
ôôִأ²˵ƲƲ죺Ȼ˵
Уô
ͻȻһʣһʱҲû뵽ʲô⣬¿˿һ֣һָԶļУȻ

ɲһܻĶ顣
Ԫ´ۣһ궼ѡ
û˵һҪ̻ᣡҾ֡ᡯһ¾˵ĸо𣿡
Ԫ߳ĬſһתȥһУһѳͷҵļ֧ӰϿյأľ룬Ųһ롣
£
һ·ߺߣԪƲͷһ䣬˰ṭùӲ˲棬ݵģŸʲôСǣ
½ӹҲҪˣҵרһϲͨдʫ϶ǿ
Ҫһ˵ȥ磬ȥԶ
Ԫߵվãָָѥӣ˫ſͬ
ֵ˵ļ磺ƽ
ô鷳
ǻҪҪᡯһ¾еĸоˣ
ҪҪҪ
Ԫ߸˵ƣͷһָ֧䡣
ȵȡָļβ»ȻʲôҿǸղŶָûд᲻ʹ
Ԫߴۿ˿Ǵи𪣬覴õָ
ᡣ
ûвʹֿ԰Ѽȥİ취𣿡
Ԫ߱˱̧Լ֣ʹ𣿡
Ҳ㡭
δ䣬ͷӰ£ȵŴ󿿹ҵֺȻ˹ȥֹֻҲ£һֻġ
һػֱǣºһͣ͵ס죬ֽ챻ǰľͷ
оǰͻȻĽӲԪ߰΢΢һ١
ֻǱûԡ
Уľͷ뾲ֹ
ֻзоĬϢȻ˵Ǿһ
Ԫ߻ۣ˳Ż˹⻬Ķͷ¿ĳޣ̵ͦıǼ⡪
ԪƿĿ⣬£Ҳʹ
ŶŶ·ɿ˵ͷ˿򢡣
Ҷ
ŶգգۣԼ΢СķȣĦϸ֡
ԪߵעҲصϣֿۺҡ
²۽ޣĿǰļУôţܡа𣿡
ȻԪѹרעؼУҡ
£Ҳֲ⹭ţһƽˣŵ״⣬оеͷۻ
ٵһ̣ºȻعͷȡ
Ĵ򢣬Ԫһһ˲ֱ
ƿգһ죬˰кǿ
Ļѩһ䡣
ѩ׷УϿգǰ٣Ʈһѩ׵ӻꡣ
»ѪҺһɲ̣һɲͬٴӿ
Ԫ𶯵񣬻𷽲һ̷ʲô¿̧ԼĴ
Ԫ۽һȣɿ˻ˡ
Ҳ˿һ
ѩ˵ڷĿ⣬ŤͷտյļУûһ˵𣿡
̫ˡԪ˵꣬³ת߳У
̫ˡ磬׿ڣڼǰһЦһ治֪ڼظ仰
꿴ǰһʣŰɣ˶Ҫˡ
ԺͳһŷϾЩҹͬϯָϲãһǸ˵ļ׼ʳ
Ԫ뿪У󣬽»ǶεãҲ绹еڶÿΣع񣬾ѾɢѧʱСҲš
ŶһӶƬ׽£ϸϸƷζһЦ̫ˡ

ˣһٲҲôˡ
˱ڰɡһյ衣
޿޲ɵģյڣƬ̺£硭
꣺̫ˣ
»عƳȥһۣ㶮˵ʲô
ҡҡͷΪվԶ֪Ǳ߷ʲôֱʼĿĵضУε䡰̫ˡһֱĶϡ
µʣ˵һʱ۶ܰٷеˣúվţҲţһȥȴѰˣ˵ʲô
Ȼ򣺡˵̫ˣ
һЦˣͬ˵ˣһѧȥ
⻹δĿʱأ
ȥ߸û
իȥһѧãͷмλӸһģԪȴڡ
˸Ͻ˸
³ͷţҪصԼϯԪ鰸ϵѹһŰͷһʫ䡣
ǰһ鰸϶ôһŰÿνµϰ⡣
еѾд˼УеıԪһһƬհס
˵дʫ϶Ȳ
ͷʫ룬ӡ
ٵ鰸ǰ£ֽ̧ͷǰߡ
ʱû˳߿
鰸ϵıʣպīӺ¡
һʫɣ˼һ䣬Ȼһһ֮𣺡Ԫߣǽսϵ£ǱǲǶġ
æ±ʣҴһصԼ鰸
һȺ˱ӵԪ߽š
һУĹЩ˱졭
ͷһתԪȥ֪ͬ˵˾ʲôˣ󳯺
һ·ĿбӵģҲһۡ
ĵߵ鰸ǰδ£ƺ϶˶ȥ
Ԫվ鰸ǰߴӱŰǰֽһĬĶӹڻƫͷڵȥ
һ˫ﺬЦ͵ˮۡ
ԪߡͻȻ˺ǰ
Ԫһ̧ɿһŲߣסŰ
̧ͷǰȴ측ֳѩУ
ƫļʸ
׷ӻѩ

ÿһĻںӦµʫ
¶紵꣬Ҵ¡


26 
ҹʱ, 򸮶Ժ
һɾӷվԡ⣬ȵÿסûȵӳ
ǰĴӲͬ, ĹСڱ߹س, ûʲôϸ, ⷱĳҲϰźԡ£ػضԼһˣһػԡ졣
쵽ɾãԡʱͻȻսǴ, һգ۱ὣ
ȻҹԺ, ԡ֮á
ԭӶ, ȻȥԺ, סѧ, ֻѮջظ
ϧ㲻, 㲻翤㣬׷һ, ѧͲסˡ
һҲŰȥ񲻷һˮ¥̨Ҳ, ҹҲ, ûûˡ
ֵƬ̣̲סԡڵĶ
һûˮˣˮҲˡ
ӡСнİ취ǧ벻
С˾ţʵӲӶ㲻߻顭ʱû, Ҹʵʱ˵˺ýܵɣ뿤ϵ
ҲϲϲҲС֮飬϶ȲԸĥҲԸڻӵٵҸ
ʹʹԸʼĶˡ
žһ죬ȱһ̧ͷ
ǰ˷ֻһ£ȴ״վһຮɱ
ԪߣֳҲԸʹӻ̫ܣ߶߶߶û꣬˵ô죿
ͣ˵ͷ
ҲǺĳıߣ˵䣬ɱˡ
ôѣɶѽгذɣ
Ԫ߽ӹۣ´ϣ˳𷽲Żµ
ʵӹһתʲô˿֮ȻĻ䡣
һתͷһīɫƮȥ
ɻæȥ̣ȴһֱֻ죬еķһ߬սġ
ˡСͽⷢȥϴæȥӡ
˰ȴûȵ
һ̧ۣԪһЩӲضĵķ
ɸⷢôˣһֹ޳ָϺȻһڣϸС˺ۣˮͣ˿е}ˡ
ӣôˣ
ԪߵĿ⻺ӷָǵ˵Ŀӡ
һ˵ʲôʱꣿǰꣿ
¡Ԫߴȥ߳Ȼһ٣ĬƬ̣عͷ˵ʲô
С
һ䡣
šˡ
һ䡣
ɷŰ˰죺ŶС˵ʹʹԸʼĶˡ
㵱ܸıʼˣ

ȥˣ˼繫ӣôã뵽ʲôɡ
һ㶹Ŷһ
ðɣҪҵһܽܵϾϵȷס
˵ӽԺչ֣ȺӵܶԵ˵¿ŨҲǷֿĺʱ
뵽ͻȻһС뵽һ⣡˵ܶԿʼǲǿÿʼأ
һӺ鷿ڣԪ߿ǰһ˸ߵĻѽرۣһƤ˵ĺ⣿
ǰԺҹӵĻÿһע˸˵Ըóʲôֳȡ
ֳⳤǣȻ˽ֳе˼ʹϵȥй⣬ҲЩҪͬһܵɡ
ɷſ걧˵
ѽС˾ҲٷĸϿˣԺǸսҲǸԺﲻбҹӣͬһܣҲͬһܣ˵վ飬˭ʼأ
Ԫָ˼һЦﻹʼˣ
׼ȷ˵ǶԴʼûʼ

ɣЩҹӣ֮ǰǺЩ˵𣿿ǣ벻Ǹһɣ
ȻˣͷǺݵ±ˣ֮΢âŵǣһǣ
Щˣһֻ֡Ԫ߾һ٣ֻּ֣Ҳѳеö
ɷ˷һҿǲ˵òأ˳úǱ£лᲩȡģ
ԪƳۣҡͷռԶ续񣬲ûϳ
Ȼ£½̫СˣⲻǺ¶𡭡ɼתͷȥ𣬹˻һʺǹɣԱҲùĲ
Ԫޱ飺ʳǲǶģһӾͲС
ǲУӲܲУӲôϿɵͷٽ۾һӺãԺѵĲȻ֮ˣ˵һһ׵ģҲĵһȥ
ԪߣŪĲɣ֮ͽ˦۵ӾͲ

Ѭһ֮ŵܲˡ
⡭
ᣬһ·ɫ

ҡΣǰֳӰ˵ۣһδҿĻȥ
ˣԪüģĺַȥ
磬ԺǰһװĽ
Ժʵ·ԶտΪ˸Ͻѧʱ˸磬ʵ
Ȱ˾Ƕֲˣ絽պûܸٽһš
ˣ¶ĵһ˯ͣ˾ˬشʳбˡ
һʳУһֲŽ£ȥūѾ͹Ϣղͷٽ϶Ŷӵء
߿ЩˣЦſ첽߽իȴһۿһſտյ
ȥѧô˿ֻһˡǰλӡ
Ƴţ˴̧ͷĿһ䣬΢΢ףֵͷȥˡ
˼ŸβԪȥ򣬽»صԼϯ£ۣúŸɢѧʱô߿ˣ
ȻǰͷȴΪ˻󣺡һӷſΡ
пЩ˼ͷ۵ͦ졣
ǰ˼ºͺ͵ؽӻ¶Ӱӣͨ絽һ̵ġ
Ǽûģ˿̻ȥ
Ǹˡ
󣬽˳Ĭ
ֲ̫ĿŵҲʲʲôˣҪһȰɡ
ţȤƳƳǰʮıӰĲȥţ
ͷųһЩ
˼֪Ҫͷᰲڴ˴
ƳƳֱߵĿϯĵתۣһͷñӰʳ߽ѧá
֣Ұ·һͻ񼲵ˣȥҽݵʱǲǶˣŮҿñɴǰ
ǵһۣ±ϳˡ
Ǳΰ梾¥գһ֮Եλ֮Ůѩࡣ
ô˵ǰλ֮ӡ
ҵĵճӣúȥϰ徭ɾ͵Ժӣ
ɻһѩ鲽ߵԼֳǰƲŷ˸ˣæ¸˸
³ͷǰ˵强ůθһڡ
̧ʱѩһֳ˵ŻһԪߵϯ˹ȥ
¸ֱȥ
ѩһۣע⵽񣬷ɿͷ
ţȥϴ֡Ƭ̺ѩСֳͬǣ¸˸ñɴתҴȥ
Ųյü
ǵãѩϻرھ¥Ͱ߸˽飬ڱΰ梵ϯϣһֱпӡ
ѩ෽򰢲߸ϯһۣҲ͸˵ĹŹ֡
Ǹ񣬾͵߸ϯʱһ
һֱֲ̫Ž£еȥˡ
ֱ׼ʳУ룬߳ѧá
żһǡȾͷñɴƮݵŮԪԶ˵ʲô
Ȼˡ
߸ؾôã۾ڱŮϹֺŮվô˵
ؿһ£ǰȥ
ͷԪ˿ºʹ˸ɫһۡ
ֻһ۹ǰѩ˵Ļȥע
ѩͨҽΪһ¡
ѹûʲôֻȫһ䡰ѩࡱˡ
ڵֳǰֻԳơҡǰԳƹ
û԰߸ôԳƹأ
²һ첽ߵѩ󣬴ĥļƳԪߺݺһ°ͣҲͨҽΪɣ
ºһᵶǰסԪߵ֡


27 
ڵһ, ²һ̱Ҫסٽָһ
ۿٽһͣǰλñɴµƺҲһף˲
ºϴμôŵĳ, սһʮʱ
ƽ, ѩõһԣͷȥñɴ˫۲ش
µλԪǰº衣
ºʮͷͷԪһร, ΪƵĬĬ˻Ԫ
Ԫߣ
ѥһ̧ǰվѩ෽Ųȵǿש, ֱԪ, °һ㣺ٽΣ
Ԫ߿Ŷ, ޵̾һлСģһСˣĳԻᴦͷλ
, ´, ҵٽȥʲôˡ
º˵Ϊ㱨ٽš
£ԭȥϰˮ
Ԫߣ
гЧˮ˵ƽ°ƽ˶ˮ, ڡͷҡ
һһٵ˵, һקԪߵ֣һ˵, ôˡ
ٽһ·޻֮رקԶºĿɿڴп˾䡰󡱣߻, æѩ๰˹֣Ǹʧˣǡ
ѩ۽޵ͷעųͷнԶŮ˸Ŀһȥ
Ⱦͷק˷߹սǣһƬ˼С֣תȥ
Ĵʧָ⣬ԪߵͷĦ¿յ֡
̧ۣһʦģ˵ɣô£
ԪüΪʣĶˡ

Ŷˣ㡢Ķˣ
ղקŵĵط
ɫһ䣬ָ֣ڶָһ˿ڣءѽһ
̫ˣʵֻקָɾץϡöѽ
ô˵
θҲӣ
ҲҲһʱ鼱ô˵¿֣ǰһ˽ͤȥСıܿ˿ڣҿ
Ԫ߱ͤżڳ¡
Աߣָҿ磺źеҪѪӣǲǷűץġ
һ̧ͷȴԪ̯֣²ؼ߸߹ƵͷģҲûǸָһۡ
ôָǲ𣿡۲죬ⶼѪˣ㲻ۣ
ԪʲôЦ£ӣ͡
ţһ㶣ʲôꣿ
ԪĿ£˵ȥܵ˶ˣҲۣ
㲻ۣۡĽѹѹѪĿӣ̲סۡ˻˿
Ԫͤӣ䴽ˣҲۣιȥˡ

µһۣͷȥôϸĿӣֹģǱʲô˵
˵һ룬һ٣ԺĴ򢣬һ
һһͣĬ䣬ɿһƲͷȥ
ɭĿﶸȻһ⡣
ºסԼѥ⣺ǸСҲˣҪǰһ¡
ԪĿ֣㡣
ڳǸɾģҪ˺һ£˺´۽ӵݹȥ
ԪߴĿӹ˺ͷķ羰ݻظ
̽һȦȦָ
˿ڿˣҲѹ
Ųʣµͷ˼űȻ˼£˸᣺ˣ㿴
Ԫ߻عͷ
۾һգôˣ
һָ֣һ֮ܿⷭᣬ˵ôˣ
Ԫߣġͨҽ

ǰȻòԣôͨҽˣ
²˵ƲƲ죬²㱻˹ȥ㻹û˵أﵽô£Ϊλ˵ϻô㣿
ϣк̧Ҿ˿ӡ
Ԫ߾ʵ
ΪǰԳƹأ
ܲѰԪգգۣҽڳżŮһ

аҪ˵©죬֪ⳤﻹǧǧѩ࣡
˶ţЩǰԳƹĹԺ󶼲ٸǽȻùӳԣ
극ѧʼ½ѧߣ˲˴ͥڲͬУԪͤȹʳйȥųٻԼһի
ĵһÿΣбһƬ˯գʱ򣬽·ǰŴ˯ҹһһ롣
ͷߵ̳ϣһߣʣһҲˡ
¼ǵãλĿΣõ˼˯ȥġλһģͬͷһǸŷɥĽɫ
µģĩϯʱʱֱߵԪ߿һۣԹ¡
ΪǵǸӵ竣ж⣬ó˾ǹŮȦֿȵġ
޷֣ʵҲֲЩŮʾãҪɴͷڸ磬ѡϢʾǣ
̳ϣʼΣżһ䣬ʱרϯβٰ졣
֪ùȥȻһСӡ
Ƥһ̧˽̳ϬĿ⡣
һʣɡ
һ㶣ǰ˸OO@@عͷƺҲܾȻ
һ㶹󣬽ˣΪλŽ֮ʱǰ
ȨĴ壬ʲԲġ
졪
ʲôţ
俴ûδӣһ죺ǳгӣʱսͣ
ԭǶѡһǱһˡ
¸Ҫڡ
ʲô

˱ۡ
еĹǾ°ְ壬϶Ҳֻܷǵô竵棬ǻһ֪δҲ̫ˡ
Ҫȥ˵ϯذˣպϯҲذˣ
һӶȥˣ
̧¶ֱĵȥ
ǡԪ߸±ʣ鰸дֵİ£ĵ
롪ʱЩӹǽ֮ʣȻƳǰʲôһ
תۣǰ״ؾٸе
հ״Ȼд˼֡
һɨȥɴ⣺͡
ֱߣԪ߽ģ˳Žµбǰȥ
ɤǼֵѣϷս£ӭսҾشݹǰ½ʱ½˱ެگս֮ʱйս̸֮ɻ߽֮ˣֺαдһս
۳룬صͷʲ޶ۣսͲ㼺Сɴ뵽ǰެگ֮սҲ⡪ˣյĿαϵ
Ϊص˿
һѧãǰҹתͷСǲͨҵѣ
нСһݵ֮ܣҲְܰˣ

ɶɣͨݵˣǰ档
³˱˸סƣǰεؿȥһۡ
תͷѹǽСӦõĿޣҲд˼ѣСӲͨʷʵܿףͣҲܴ
⻰Ҳûе
֮ӣҲ÷ִжȣŲΣȺԹʵƨ
»˵ͷϿԼīˮ
ȻΪȻǺʵģǴ߸粻Ҫȥ߹ָܿ࣬
Цӯӯ˵꣬оֱһĿԼϣƫͷȥԪ߻һЦգۡ
Ԫ߿٩٩̸ΣޱƲͷ˿Ľ䣬дСսֵ˺롣


28 
һ, ֶ̰˯˰ʱԺʱһÿѾ롣
˵һÿ, ;ѧõͷ
ֱĴ壬ռܵõռٵ, ѵҲûܡ
ԸĸײԺ󣬱˵ѵ, ʮػû¸ɴСһÿνȵμЪϢʱŽѧá
һ߽ի, ȴͷֻ伸ѧ, ԪҲϯϡ
鰸ǰ, ǰΡ
յġס֮, Ҳװģʹ, ֱ˵ǰʣЩ˶ȥĶˣ
δ̧ͷյڶÿδ, СүСһ֧, Ƕȥͷˡ
֡ܿ߸ϵӢˣ
˸߲ҵһһת䣺ֿˡ
Цδ
ǵʱشֲıӰº, ʲô, һԹʹ˸ɫ
ᣬ׼һֻϻǰȥ
Ƿ飬ÿ˶ݣҪʹȥЩʲôյλṫ, ֮ҲҪ˽ٽԺĶ򣬴ʱһݻٺʲ
ߵ鰸ǰ˵⣬˫ֳϻ΢΢ṫЦɡ
¶֮ɫͷһҾ֮ͬ䱾ûﻥ֮ͺҳݣĳ޹»
Щ˵ǣⷿ˻ҵĹŶ챦Ըﲻһ仰£ᷴѿࡣ
ǸˣԼ򿪿Ҫתĸͬһ֡
µĲãνҿϻǣһ㶣ǰ½Ϊʱǫֻ̃һС֪½׷Ľߣ
ղ½¼Ѳ£
۵΢Ϊ֣صһҾ½ı⣬䷲αðˡ
ǫѷĶˣϾδڣ˵ڣİ֮Ҳܲϵ׻׻̻ˡ
ΰֵǷ̨һź£ϻЦһ̨ⷽպдЩС뿴֡

Ҳѻ죡
ԺǻɵģĻѵģɲٱһˣ
һƣһ˵ȿáס֮£½鲻Ը⿴㻹ȥɡ
εΣһЦСӽѵǣˡ
֮ңĵطһ˾ڴ⣬ͷΪ־ȤͶһһüһ
ͷǡĳ˵˵žͳɡΡˣû湻ġ
˵ʲô׼ͬЩԳƹĹŮ˵ֻݹٷŻ𣬲յơ
Ԫ˿δĽ£һȣתȥˡ
Ӻ򳡱ߡ
´Źڹĸ̨ĿѰȥ
֧ӸʮˣһӴ糣һӴࡣĹأǸӶһȣڳ۳ҼȻ򣬻ԷһһճһΪʤ
߷ɿһӣһҵ˳ǵȺӰ
괩һɫխ䳤ۣϵɫƤѥ֮һִ֣һֳһľȣ泯ߣȴһ׼
¶˶ġѧ˰죬˵߸ѾˣŲ߽ϹҺò¿
ϸһ߸Ÿüƺ鲻ѡ
ѵΪûˣ
βϻص俼У̨򳡸һκԶľ룬ԪΪ񣬶ˡ
볯ϻӸ֣Ԫ߿ˣ˿Ŀģȴڸ̨ϻϳͬ͵իСǣֻա
һߣӲ뼺ѵΣսԲ𣬲תͷԱ̧֡
ԱһȭͷСͿʵߴ
ͭһãɫ޶Ŀ˲߷ɳߡ
һۻ֮£ƥܿɱΧ
ֻԪߺӲһһӡ
Ŀųϣۿһȵͷһ
һ˲һ¶ɽӹԪ߻ȥ
һϲһȵĽ֮Ѹٿš
Ԫµ㴩䣬һ̣һӡ
߸߷ֱţ׼׼Ͷ룡
糶Ӱεͷ
Աһٺ죬̨֮һ󻶺˫һϣһԹۼֿġ
£
Ҫĵƻһ̾Ϣѹȵĳüϲɫ
ȷҲܸ˵̫硣Ӳϴ俼У߸󣬱뷽跨Ҫһسӣ˵Ӳ򰢲߸µս糶ǱʵӲʣˣʼͷʤδ֪
²ҵĵعţȴܿ췢֣ⵣƺЩࡣ
Ϊû׷Ԫߵ
Ȼ糶ʵֻһ򣬲ϺδԪߵԿɷ۵糸ִ
¶תͷȥѼֻܳһ㽦ķɳ
׷Ϸ磬׷Ԫߡ
һգ۵Ĺ糶ӱֽһ
ӽʧȥһء
Ԫߴѳʤ׷ͻΧ֮£ӶɷǵأʼŶ
ȻӲ½մ˹ɲʵĺݾԪƺǣϻ仹ЦЦȴǴͷβһ֪ڴ򣬲֪ĻΪڴأ
Ӳ£϶ǰ߸粻ˡ
Ҳãνף֪»زҪǲǵˣ
ֻԪ߶ƮһδλӶȣӲ糶ŵĻᶼûţɫѿ
һͶ룬̨֮һһϲΨ£ȴҪװͷмһ˵ģÿÿҪΪ߸֮ʶŬ£̵ֶˡ
ۿ糶ƮչʤѶһ޴йʵûţԽĿƳ򳡣Żһ
һƣβ֪ʱҲ˸̨˿̾ڰ
𡪡
ûȥǴ򣿡
תۣҲô˵ˣ㲻ȥˡ
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¼ǵãʱڰ߸λϳ̸Ͼרʤ޳ͦΣ̬ݣһ˷ǣֻһȴҲоŻɼȫȻ䣬ֻǲãֻаյķΧ¡
µ˵ͷձеʣԺѧпɣѧȴʵн棬ȲգΪβȥúÿƾ٣
൱ͬƾٵǵڣĲѧһֱ̾мӣʶС֪Ǹʮ˲ĵճӸһȺ竻ӣЩϧ
κȻһЦȥˣǵ֮
һȻǵˣΪβˣ
ҳɣӲͬͬʱͬΪ٣ҸھˣҪȥԶ硣
Ĺٶбŵһʲôˣ
ĸӲã֪жٹ⾰飬ţΪΪ񣬴ڣȱһĸȴֻôһӣΪףʵԸ
Ŀһᶨɫ
תͷɫͻȻʶԼ˵ˡ
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ĸΪ˳ؾĹ֮طӦսսһһ䣬һһǣѳǣֻŮҴһʮһѪ飬˵ΪЦȪ̾ء
ɱؾǵǻΪۣʥϣ׶壬׷ΪҲƸ˿
ƮƮһ䡰ΪףʵԸ˿ʹ
¾Σû˵
ϣۿԪµͣȻӲ¾ôǰȥˣһ¶ɶɻ˳Ԫߵ̨
ȴ̫Զ˰죬ҲȷԪ߿
̨֮ϣҪǸһţ곶˳µ䣺
ָȥԪһһף
ԪߣȥĶ
Сүһĳʰ·硣Ԫôһ䣬˳
´󾪣ôǣ
Ҳ֪ͷٽ緢һһżͻȻһ±ȫޣˡ
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£¹˲࣬Ҵ¸̨Ԫ뿪ķ׷ȥ
ۿǰ경ü󣬸׷ϣֻѹ߸硪
Ԫȴߵøˡ
ֻ鲽һ·ܵ߸㡢ȵңҿ졢촭ˣ
Ԫһվסȴûл
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һʮţҲ䡣ԪߺȻתͷ
ˣһʮŵĵزӲ¼ֱ̫
·ɿҡͷݼ㣺߸ǹһһʮţԶ밢߸ͬڣ
𣿡ԪһƤЦԶͦݡ


29 
ͻһǺ, һ£ߵɲͣ˵ʲô
ǰһų¿գգ, Ȼһָ󣺡ǲΪҽûǳһÿ, ҸϿ, һֱͷ, ûƼ𣿡
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ǰƼ, Ƽޱ, ֻ°ͼ⿴˵Ŀ, ȴǸ̨֮Ŀһ֮ã˫۳һһ
ʹ˵ôṫͬһ, ѱ˭վ顪
һգδ̫ѸײڶЩ
ڳϴĲ, ֳ, Ҳֳ, Թüȥ
Ԫ
£ϯܶ˶, , Ұһй
, ֪ˡԪߵͷǰȥ
ٴδҴҸȥ, һ·ù, ſ˵󲽷˦ԶѾ˰죬۵ȶˣɴ಻ź, ݺһͣ
Ԫ߽Ųһ٣عͷüۡ
֪ˣҰ㡭²˵˵һ룬Ԫ߶һһ˲һֻȵһһһϵĴꡣ
ֵֻĳȥһתһսǣŸٿصһǽ
Ԫ۽ɨһĴһֱ˵ơ
һŵļ飬˴䡣
Ƭ̺ҵĽŲ̤̤
ţһܻڹս֮ĳ𣺡أ
һŵġǷͷң
ʤʮһĳɼ˵ҡһʰ·硯ⲻңӲҧгݣҾͲӣ
ҵĽŲܿɢȥˡ
ǰλĿԼŵľ룬ЩʱҹĽŲһϰµؿϢ
ʪ籡ģOO@@ָһֱ鵽ࡣ
Ԫָ飬ߴԶջأͷȥǰպָ̧ԼıǼ⡣
Ԫߣ
˵šˡʹָ۾衣
һֱȵŲԶȥһ˿
·ɿɿԼıǼ⣬ڴڴԪҲһɷſˡ
ɱﻵˡɴ˺һ˵ϻ㿴㣬ôһбӣ

ǻﲻ˵˶Ƿĺ

Ԫߣ㻰˵ˣǰ
һ㶣㷽һֱʲôֲɵʱ

ԪƳȭƲͷȥˡ
̽Դ˿𷽲Ӳֱ׳ҪΪˣеģͰ߸Ҳֲġ
һӲ£Ķٱȣϴ俼У㣬䣬վȻĵֶΡҵúúýѵȥ
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»عͷȻҵ죬ҿȥʲǶ״ѽ
ֲЩǰߣʱҲպս֮ˣĻʲΪһ仰й֮ĶΣ
Ҳɷڼұʡʮ£Ժ徻һˣ
ãԪ̧ۣӲ¸ոŵǵȣһǣҪģҡ
ҪЩҼҵȥԪˣ
ҹ죬ֲֲһҹȣָָǰĶӣûУ
Ӳվ鰸ǰذͷ˰ܵȣһֱ֧֧᲻˵ΪΰĴ氢Ҹôˣ
ⳡһ𣿡
ӲһҭҵԪߣΪβˣԪƮƮ˵˾䡪
ӦҲ͵ҲԼֱͬȡ
ôôӣֲ޺ҡҡͷֲֹ㰢һˣһһȺɵСС֣ʲôýƽ
ܶһҲСС֣ʲôŽд¡
ȻȫµùǶӲȣ˵㰢ܲԪߵףôһ֣Ҫһʣ
Ӳ²˼Цһ治ˣսѵһé®СӸߣ˵ȣʥһϧġʹѾڣڶʹ֮λ˵ʥҲŲԪߣһʮӣֵ£
ֲۣһӣùñӯڸͣ˴Ÿңȥʥ飬֪ΪӲܣ
ΪΣ
Ϊʥȡ֮֮ߵĻˮɢһһҪ޴ˡֲۣ۵һҪſڱտҹȥսȣԪھӣҵ͵£õ͵㣡н£͸ʵڼ̤һ
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Ϊ˷ҡӡһģһٽʱһ䰵յլ
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ٺٽһЩЩˣ㱻ʹ˾С
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Ǵǰߴ̽飬¶ޣΪ飬˺ˮ˯֦ΣտҪӳı¡
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º赱ʱ룬ǲʹµôһգ׼һԪߣһԪߣΪõܵϰ߳ΪӰӡ

º˻ٿ˿̶űԪߣʵٽôЩˣЩҲûʲôˡ
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º۲ƣɫæȰοŶǲǿ;ָƢˣû£Ҳһʱ´λл

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ȻȡᣬȥҪǼˣ
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֪һεĻ
ſãԪٴοڣ˵ҲֳɣҲгһնøУǷֳƽ
ºһ㶣ԭʻ˵ϸӲֵҲϾѾڣְôһգſȥҲӺþۺɢˡ
þۣɢԪһһĸ֣˵ͷ
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30 
¡ķҹ, һҹ󣬳ͷ֦Ҷɶ, ɪ
̫ٳδ, ղʱ˼ȣʻ, ºǷһһ
ɢѧʱ߸ƺǲãظ˼ȥסгЩ˳Ĳȥһ򸮡
ʱЩ, ߸Ѿ˯£˸ա
ظ֮Сڶ˵ʲôýӴ, ٲɳٵ߸ĺ
һϣ⶷ãĬһٰʮ顰߸ڵҡ, ڴźǷ, Ժ۴ϴ, 
һ·ǶʻȥԺǰͣȣ¶һ˫޵˽ȥ
˿ʱ磬ֻмסѧĹӵѧ, իƷѧŵ֮Ӷû
ѧãһԪ߻û·ԸĽһڵ鰸£Լϯǰ, ֧Ŷǲ
ͷһصƲ㡣͸鰸ϣ˻ůڵԽ˯
ڱĿһϸĽŲ˵ǷߵʱԶʱѧ½½ͬһ
Ҫ˯֮ʱͻȻžһİ졣
һһ̧ͷ֪ʱվڽ̳ϣ˴׼Ρ
һתͷֱߵϯȴš
³ʹɫأ
˱Σ˵û
ڽ̳˵ÿεİţۿԪ߳ٳûüҪйȥǷʲô£ǰ߹һӰ
Ԫ߲ſεʱ̽ѧá
˿һ·ĿڸСһָָ鰸¡
ԪûתͷۣӦǸʳУֻһ۹ȴֺܿĿǰδȥҡ
ΪڿϲԵĶ
̾˿ϧô磬ȴˣһ仰û˵ϣ׼ҲҪ׷ˡ
¿۽̳ϵĽɿΣŴüĿģӦǿ顰Ӳͷ
ţ³ֱߵİдһС֡
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һѵ߹Ԫ߽űߡ
ܱ߶ʮȴȫûע⵽һŽ̳ͷ۶ûգһ¡
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ͷٴζضԪ߰ͷһǡ
̫߽ǣֱߵԾɺ
ӵγôѶò׶Уֻһ仰δ̫㣬˼С
ҹҹ㣬ɿи㣿
֮ǰ˵ɿһ飬øõ׵ǩʱ㶯ֽţһɪ
ٴεԼĪǹͰ߸Եֲν¾Լһֻ׼˰죬Ԫһ
ƫֱ
һϲһɿ⣬Ԫ߳һͷȥۿɨһۣ
Լȥһɫ
Ԫ߻ƿֻۣ̳ǩͲü
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Ხڸɽˮֻ֪һ£вͬɫߺײǧ򻯵֮λղ۳鵽λͬ࣬͵Ե֣չիҲɳһԵᲮڡڽ̳ЦźӣԾÿһĴ١
ҲڵЦӯӯֱԺ΢һ
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ͣ½Ų£СˣĳһҲɡ
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ɫ΢΢һƬ̹ζ棬ùΪ˷ף˫ִʼɣ࣬Ҫõһ
á
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Զϣһµͷͤͷɪˡ
չͶʱ۵Ҳ˸â
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Ȼ˵ڣ϶ֵġ
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Ҫߵ·̫խݲͬС


31 
һȥ, Уɼºʱޡֶ֮Ĭ硰ɽӦ, ˮӿ, һ赺ϡ
ٵĺ౾ţɫǡסᲮڡ⾳, һ, ºα㵱֮˸һ
һȺҹƨƨ, ۲۲ǰ˱, Ȼ뿤ͬĻ, зЦֱ˵ɲŮòɿΪˡ
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˼ǿһ飬Ԫ߰һѣԪߺͿôæĹϵ𣿡
ǣôܣûԪ߳ͷʱڲˬ𡭡һȺ˵˵Ŵ롣
ȷʵһܵĲ룬ºһ֪Ļ
һ֮⣬վűߣ۽޲һĬĬͷк꣺ˣظ
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۰ʵɵѽ
ԪߴҴҸϵʱľһĻ
һ·ȴͿСˡĿһضӳಲܡ
׼ȷ˵ֹԵĻһȺɣͦΣһ£ڷ
ЩΪֳֹһֳôֵܡ

Ԫһվżǰͷ˿Լڴ˼䡰ȻˡĴ磬ֿ˿ר־˿δĽ£򱦼Σ
üСѡ
βע⵽ˣȵؿ˪ѩһԪߣôأ
ѽѽЦָˤӵԲ̨뱦ιһУֿƯ
Ԫߣ
ЦţĽµֱԶһָǣƣ˭ˣ
ţ˳űָȥЩԺۣѽ˸µģóʲôģ
Ԫߣ
ǹҹɼͼϡ˵Ĵ£ԪߴＷһʻ
ôأֱ׳һָ£ƣϲٽˣɲǳ˴𣿡
ԵɵۣѾԪߣʲôǸϲѽˣǹɣ
ԪĬĬͷߡ
ٽһ̧ͣһӵһͣ½ȥ
һ㶣ôˡ֣ѽ
һ㿴ģҵȵȡλͷסˣߵԪıӰٽ˵ⲻд£ԭΪӵĹܽпʲôأ
Ԫ߱û˵
ٽñ񣬿ҲӲƵıѽ̾һЦŮѱҸϻظȥҹ޴˴չˣٽҪҪɡ
˵ţϴüů󣬻ͷˮԪߣˣ⡪ҲǸı
µͷ˱ƵĹ˸ա
ôҲˡã̧ۣ˿£Ԫ߽ӲıӰԼһһһˣǹ𣿡
Ԫۣ߱üĽ
˰ҲûȵӦ²˵һյô񣬱ͬ˵أת
ԪѥһתعĿһˣû𣿡
ĶĶѽһŬ°ͣôУǲԸ𣿡
ԪƲͷȥû
ǰ梽ʲôԸ߰ɣϲǿֹ̾˿߰վԶԪߣֿ˿ӵ߲ɺžƺһһ¸̨ûңԼ桭
δ䣬һһ泯ȥ
һӰһȻǰʯһɲһֻı۰Ե˵ס
һӵƺ
ŵһֱȴٳûۣһ۷죬ؿ˿һξҺδľƺֿ˿üͷգգۣף㳤áһ磡
Ҳ硣Ԫһڡ


32 
Ԫһ̾, ˱ۣʱȴû˵, Թſϣһ˫ʪʵһġü, , ı, Ĵ
⿴, ſ, ƵŴ, ̧һʳָסüģ˳ı»ȥ
ʲôԪüסǸʳָ
ڿѽɵָֻ¾ƺ֧ͷͷһ, ۵ɻ󾪲̫ˣҰ߸ֵ𣿡

Ϊǳô񡭡ǲǱΰѰΪ˵ģ

ղЩûԪбһ
ǲ񡭡ͷˣ˻̾˿ϧվҲ
Ԫ۽һȣʳָ΢΢һɡ
, Ҳɷѿƭˣϧҡҡͷϲģǰ߸Ƥ, ꣬ġֻһ߸磬ǳһģһҲϲ
Ԫǻ
ôʲô˭ϡƵġһ̧°ͣŤͷһۣض˶§ôô𡭡
ԪƤһ˺һɡ
ߺһ򣬸ɴز
˻Ԫۣ߱ȭѹڶǰ˻һƬƮƮȹմɨƤ
һָǰѾƺ߿ȥλƲ̨׻ص̨һƾбžƺͷ
ľҺůһ̾
ȵþˣԪǰһѶľƺ
ʲô´
ԪһƱƺڵ
˼ζûţüһƵĵ˵ȣݲÿҲ˺ȡҵôôѽ
Ԫ߿ȻӸ
ɶ֮⣬ίͰͱϥͷȥ˵ˡ
Ͻ˯ȥԪߴۿͷģȻһϤ
Ҳܿޣ
ԪһһһˣĬƬüִֵǰȥһڡ
ҪˣһƿľƺͷϥǣžžƵµ߸ҲҪˡ

ǴŸʾ䡣
ԪߣҪҪʲôϵ
ûϵûϵģ²˲ԼϥͷҰοƵĵֲǵһαˡ

Ԫϥǰ£һѸ¾ƺԡ߸֮ǰбĸ磿
磿ûи磬ҵֻһ
ͦ𣬡ԪߺЦǻ˭㣿
´ƲƲ죬Ƴģҵѽ
ԪЦһա
ôȻ֪ҵ˭𣿡̧ۿ㵵ͷҵǴ
Ԫߵͷ֪
㲻֪µϥҡҡͷ˵ԻŻʲôСʱҵˣҵ־ҵȡġҵ˵ҳ죬һۿңҾ͹ϵ˸ӣһεĽᣬһССѣҾͽˡ
Ȼأ
Ȼ󡭡ͷγģ˻ԴŵȻʱҵҪŻʲȥӶ᲻Ҫȥã˵صʱͻˣҴܶóԵģģڼҹԹԵ
Ҿڼһָӵȣûأһ죬ͻȻңˡҺø˺ø˵ܳȥȴҵĹ餡
Ԫߴϥϵһסһ۾
˵ҵǸӢۣӢۣͲҵˡ̧ͷؿ˵ҵǲǺܹ֣ǻλ˭ʲôҪģΪʲôҪȥ˼ҵӢۣҵ
Ԫߴ𣬽±ϥͷȥѹҺᡢЩλˣǲ̣ͲҪʲôӢˡ
Ԫߴָⱡļ롣
ҵһֱһֱޣȴһҲûеΪʲôģ˵Ҳ֪ҵԺÿﴵ˵ٻ˵꣬ÿԿҲѧô
ΪҴòãÿѧÿѧѧѧŵأϦ֣ûţһӵҹһҲԲȥﵹǳһ룬֮˵ˣȥЪˣԼԹ԰ѷԺá
һڷãŮϵĲһһ飬֪ʲôʱеˣͼһֻȶԣʱ򣬼ͻȻҴܹңԾˡ
ԪȻ̧ۡ
ȴ˵һңԶƽ£ϲеġ
ﰲͻȻ֪ҵΪʲôˣҺҲˣʱǶ˵Һÿһᶼûе
˵һ̧ۣԪšüͷ˵ôҲһңҲģû˵ûҵ˿ѽԽôңҾԽҪõģõģõģǶңҡ㿴û˾ҿˣ
ҵĻҾͲˡ³żһأԵ˵ͷܿ̾˿ΪʲôҵѡʲѡңѡҵҲѡңΪʲôǱһ
Ԫ̧ȥ
Ϊ߸ѡҵġ
˸ãڰ߸ҲҪˡ
Ԫ߽µƽָһճȭ˻
˵˰죬˵ˣ̾Լı䣬۾
ů׵ůܿһһ೤ĺ
Ԫϥ˻ǰ˯ˣƳֱۣߵľƺͷʣµľҺһ
ľҺԪüǰССһŵˡ
ûвҪ㡣
ҪֻǸ㱾޹ϸĻ˶ѡ
ԡϴ꣬ůһ۵ʱƼԪ߽˯ŵ˴Ӹ̨ϴᱧ
ԪĲ̨ףεȥһʵɫ
üֱ˸ƣʾ޼ͷԼ
Ԫ߱ȥϴüĽŲ
һůӭȻһ÷硣
üһʲôһͷԪһѽ£Լ멡
ںͷһЦȥ
һ·ӣ޼䣬Ԫ߸ƽϴ齣ת򱦼Σѹϴ֮³в㣬ͷŮɡ
θüʹ˸ɫʾȥ¡
ԪƲͷȥ
ϣ±һȴȻתԺۣƫͷ齱ߣűգգۣ梣
Ц£ô㰢߸籧ʱ˯ðȣüһźˣ
߸𣿡ãس¿ȥ
ԪߵӰǡñǰһһ͵ס
Ҳûת˼
ƭңˡ±ӣü첻ˣѾˡ
˵ʲôɵЦһתͷǵӲĬıӰ梽㿴ˣѽײˡ


33 
, ͸񣬽һҹε˴ӳ˯дѡ
²üͷۣһƫͷ, ü첽ӭˣﲻʣ
Щͷۡûط϶ǡ
, ūźϴЩ
±ɴüźϴ, ȹһյŨŨ, ΢泩Щ𣺡ΰأ
ȥ, ˵ֻϰūź򣬱ū
µ˵ͷ
ʲǶʱ, ŵȥ, ʲ鷿£ĸ档
˿, ЩҲ˻ӹ, ô, ҳɼҵĳɼ, ˵ı, Ա˴Զȥֻбΰʮδ, Ҳʱǰ׺񡣴üΪΰߵ, ϰƢȻ˽⡣
Ҳü, ʣЩǲ, ҹϿʲôˣ
üЦ˵˱ˣҲûʲôҪ£Ƹ, ˵ɽ¡
գգۣӹֻصĽңմü˵ȳ鿪ɫֻ
һǱΰ梵ּ
ͨ棬ҪɳɣΪ֮Ϊϼơ
¿ЦеĴüһֳ鿪˵ڶֻɫġ
ΪóƣͶұﰢһæ梶λҹĸȤΪҹӿл䣬ûУʲôŮӣм׿ɼˣ梷Ĳ¡
һҲƣһҰæģһ㶣ղ˵κ£梹˵˼ղ㶯ˡͷ
֮ӿɲܸ梵ף⡭
ǹֹˣṫ˵ϻ䣬ʱṫţˣṫ˼Եɡ
ǺðɡҪȥ鿪ֻҷɫĽңȴüһ
˵ǰֻҵ°ˣٴֻº²ɡ
磬ױ̨ǰűθһĳ˼
ͷۣӹ뿪ûȥ𴦣ظЪһգһ˼ȥǰֻ¡
Ͼΰ˵ˣֻ²ֻܿҡ
߸µܵȣҲȺüˣһ졪
ǣĺĲܵˣ
Ѿһգڱֻ֪ﵽдʲô
Ҫ밢߸Ĺϵ֮ڣҪСڡڣָպõðﰢ梴εĻ䣬ȥһõİ취ȥһԺ
ö⣬ͷĲҡ˷Ըˣӷ٣ȥԺ
꣺ţū˵ԺѧÿΣڹǶȥǽˡȥܶ˵Ұⶼ͵أ֮ҲѪȵء
üڱǣѾŵЩԺԵ£
˵ⶬǡ񡯣Ҳ֮С񡯵һ
ԺʱٿΣ
ҪһҹҲúգЩĹҪЪЪ˵úʱˡ
ܵȣٵȥǵֻҶҪ۾ˡ
±˱ۣ˾ģˣ뻢ѨɵûӣԾԣбòµ£
һʱ󣬳ǽ
±ֵ̧˵۵ͷǰһۿͷӪկ
ЩҹڣӪկªɽˮ֮أΧ̣֮ձ̺һεӪᡲʵװθʶչÿӪ֮䶼һα˽ܵľ롣
磬ͷŵĵطҲ̫䣬칫
̧ѥȥЭµ񲿹ԱЦӭ˵ʱִӪʣԭҲ˼Աʱ֮裬
²ҹҲͰ㲻ˣһһ泯¿˿ûЩӸӰ
˶ʲôȥˣ
Աд𣺡Ÿսʱ£еĹȳȥϤˣеͷЪϢ
µͷһȽյſȥʲôģ
¹Ϊŷˮǰǩġ
ṫӵĶ

¸Աһ·ߵһšᡱľƵӪǰ
ˣڶֻ±ȵһֻȰﱦΰ械ѻˣβǵµˣزȥϤΣǰ߸˿̴಻ӪС
ңһʱҲЩ֪
ЩһʼǺǰҹԼǵˤʱˡ汳˵ԭ°ɣֻ˵ɣܾǰҹƺչܾá
һĹ򣬹Աν˳
ղСӿɻγһҾҲû⼸ΪûȥԺ
Űţڰ֣ǹԱȥһˣżɽ¡
С뽲
һڣüȱᱦţһλã㡪
ţ
Ŷ˳γɾ񣬽һʱЩ̫˼ɤӵǣǸ֪ṫӿл䣿
һ֮ĲԶԪŹƿųһѹŮ
⺬ߴӵôʣϤһ仰ϳ˭
Ԫһվͷһᣬбǰȥ
ֻԻ˹Ŀһ΢ҡҡͷЩİ͵ص
ţߵŮŶһʣʲôŮӣ
˹ˣδڣǻ֮¡
Ůһư׷ʣڿǿǣ
ҡ˹ʵû˰һ䣬һⰲЩġ
Ůһʧ̾Ϣ
ԪŹ
ͷĹһ˫۵ţ鵽ԪͻȻֵس˰ѽµ½ǡ
˳ָعͷȥԪɱ˲õ

գ۵ĹԪѾһתӪկȥ
һ㶹󣬿Σعζ
Ԫߣ°β׷λԭأæͷ˾䣬ҹʵģаǧᣡ
γɵգգۣ˵ͷĿŽ¼Ԫ뿪ķ˹ȥ
һͷһȻƿѾõҲ£
ӪڣӲ³ѵԪ߳ȥˣҲߣ
׿һڲ裺ζһǵĹҪӮ޻̸֮
Ӳº޺һ˦֣ڼҵֲ£ҽΨһһϸµˡ
㰢ܵǰҹףֺαطؼƽϣ
ʲôˣӲ۾һ
׿սλ׿ȴǴˣĹٵĶӣӾǱʹ
ϻشʱҲ׿⣬˵ԪߵĶﰲӦ
׿ϻʱвȷŶôˣ㻹ûƳ
ƳʲôӲ¹ⶢԪǰѹʽˡ
Ԫ߿²ͷǡ׿Ӳ¶С˵һ䡣
Ӳһ˼ǣ
˵㰢ܾ֪̫ˣŻᱻǡ
Űܵʱ֧֧᲻˵ԭӣ밢ܳգȷʵȥŮƼǼ¥Ӳ˺ȭͷ
д˳𲻱Ϊ֡˵˵뵽ʲôǵİ취
׿ƻŲյ㰢ܳһưͿҲһǣ㶯ԪߣѵһѾͷƬӣ
ӪկһӪУһĻ룬˫žһʮˣȫˣ
ʲôˣԸյȲ衣
½ӹϸϸƷζһ
˵Ļһ߸ˣϧʵߵ̫죬û׷ȥֻͣ˶š
Ъ˻һ룬ȴ߸緽ĮĶ
ټϻʱͻȻ³һ̣ƺҲ˵֮Ϳʼ
һȫˣ
벻ҡͷ߸羹ˣӶ˵仰ܲˡ
ʲô˶ֱͬģΪβ˵أֻҪ˵˵һΣʮӣᣬΧתҲһѽ
ֵã
ĬĬţһɨգ˻ͻȻ²һյ꣬ѰƥҲȥϤȥ
𣿡
䣬ӭһϮһ죬һ֧˵ţ˲󷽵ϡ
һһһ뾪ŻعͷȥǼʸ϶һֽ
꣺ףѵٽ
ȡ
¼ȡֽ̯¿ϻ˷׵ĵʾͼȦ˶ӪŸһƬС֣򵥵֡
㡣
һӺ󣬽߶ӪŴҴҳӪկ߱ߵͷеֽ
ǰ߸ּҲǰ߸Ƶĵͼ֪Ҫ˵ˡ
һ·߳ԶŽ»ȸԾɫ̲סС죺ٽҲǵģһ˶۲ˣԼôԶĵط˵·
һ·ɣԽ¶ԣƽǾ߲ġ
˿̽ãҲδЩר־˳ͼ·ȥ
ۿڵֵĲ·վڵڳһԼĪʮԶһһƬɫ½ǣһʹ˸ɫ
ͷڵڣһ˷硣
ֽǰȥǵű۵ıӰѹ˽Ų
ѹ˼һһһҶĬĬ˸˾ϲͷ԰߸Ķǿ̱ˡ
ûȤӣƽĲǰȥ˼ǵһӰȻоﲻԾ
ôˣôһ㷴ӦûС
ŷ˲ӣһԾԺһ±ӹ˸Ź֮
߸˵㡱ƽû֪Ȳ·ģôԶ
һվסǵδͷıӰ۽һһһתҪߡ
ǿƤȴͻȻʲôһתһ뱻һ򣬽һ̤գ
һ˲ʧ׹䣬ݺݵȥ
״һʹˤʹûǰðӣһô˹ȥ
˸һ̤գͣ׹Σڰ֮У¸оԼ·Ʈڰգʼ䲻ŵأûй
ʹޱȣ׺šһޣƮƮģᶼ
һֱ׹׹ƮƮ֪ùȥܺȻӿһ˳
֮УһʵĻ
ߺ֡
ţɵۣһģӰأ۵ɢһ˫Ϥ۾
ץס˾ݣ߬ǰƬ½һɲ£ô
浹һ
Ԫߵϥ֧أ˺ϣ˿ˤĶˣ
һ߿һ߳ҭšźʹ
Դû
áûС
Ԫ߷ģֱһѴᱧ
͵Ŀ˶
Ųԣһ˫ʵת˸򣬷СֵĲ޿ӱߣΧΧһȦҹӡ
һ˲ӿºһգٿһתͷɿ콫Ԫ߻
֮
Ԫ߱˿첽ȥľ˦
߸磬ǲǡˡ¹̧һ˿ƤϿȥ
Ԫ߽²ӲͣͷۻСˣ㻹йЩ
²׻ʹһĸܣֹסʵܲסˣξ½󣬲һ߸磬ҪҪϴھӪһҴΰɡҵĽĺʹ
ԪüĶ֣
㡢Ȱҷ·ߣѾˣûϵģҪľιȥҪʹˡ
Ԫû˵Ӫկš
ѽµߴ١
ԪߣС
ôУϴ㲻һ̧һ¾Ͱ𡭡
ϴϴΡ
ʲôһ
Ԫ߱˱һͣס᲻𣿡


34 
һѿڶ, ڳһһ֮£ԭ԰׵ո𵭵ɫ, ĿԼĿţ۷ɿһƫͷֽ
һֿͷԴ΢΢һ, һ̴ٵ籡
Ԫߣ
ԪվԭأǿմҵԴ˼գۡ
ͷִһ

, Ѿ赽ȥˡ
ԪͷʹˣԼ߻ȥ
ʹʹϲɫ̧, üͷšɸʹĴ, ʹ
Ԫ߳˼ǰȥ
ӭܹƶ˵, ʣôˣ
Ԫޱ飺Цˡ
꣺
ſֺͻȻִֻǰ, ʪסĿڱ, һӱȥʧȥ־
ѹʱԼڵ, ¿һˡŵصңҵ˲޿ӵ׵Ŀæȥȣڼʱٽ
ʱҲ˲϶, һȺӵ棬һſڱֱٽ˵ȫȺĽߡ
ŤͷȥȺӸԴıԴֱܡıԴڿӱҧҶ侲ҲڱԴ
ĬĬعͷæСŸ߳ԶԪߡ
صӪկԪ߱˽ӣ͵Цһ·ƽϴ齣תβŽǶȺһժѥӡ
»ûüע⵽ĦʹѥѾ˵ءŽŵһֻЬҲ¡
²֧ϰҪȥҵŮҽʿ
ɺáԪ³֡
ƽȥͷϵû˵Žֺ̲סһ
Ԫͣ´ƫͷ۴ͷٻعʱκζ˼ĿҲһ١
ֻµĳ˪ѩף޳СɣֺԲǴԡҪͿ¶ָ޼øɾƯŷӨӨ
ԪĬĬƿȥ촦ʮ£Լѡ
´СССʹϻλССһŮҽʿרˡ⻹ͷһΰѽŽӡ
ȻӪկҽʿ罻Ԫˡ
Уɡ׳Ҹۡ
Ԫ߲ͬĥ䣬˵˾䡰ʹͺָѹ΢׵Ľףᵽһ¼
ۡʱʹ
Ԫ֣ͣסֻţƹһȦ
תбʱֽ
ҵĽǲǶˣҽվ𡭡³ʹţͷʣᡣ
ʲ仰ˡ

ΪʲôôʹʹöҪѿˣ
ΪˡѾﲻܳܵˡ
Ƕģһ
¿ɥΪ˭˵ģͲ˵𣿡
ԪƤһ̧
һ·Ϲѽȥ޾ϸ˵˵ʱҲԹ
ȻŵͷˣҲӡ
Ԫü̯֣ӹңһŽµĽţһűҷȥ
һ鵽ף˻ָס
Ԫߣʲô
˭Ը˿ԼǱѽºߺ󣺡뿴㲻𣿡
󡪡
ٿŲһָ죬¶һֻ𣿡ʣֻǲ𣿡
ɣ𣿡
һѡǡ͡ȥ
Ԫߣɡ
˭ɣ
㡣
˭
ΪɢעЩеûģôˡ
Ԫ߿Űѹҵ̲ס֣Ȼһһٵȫ
ǰҵġ

ǰôҵģ𣿡
ҪǵãѴдʫԪ߱ۻ˻³һ֣¡
Ƭ̺³һ¡
ѽ²˵ƲƲ죬˵˭£
˭ľ˭ġ
ҵȻģ
ԪƳȥĬΣִʹĳͷʲһУҵġ
ãϱߵĻȫ˵һ顣

ˣԪ߻ع
泤̾һҪԼ䣬һһι˼ߣ˼Ҳ˵ǽ

Ԫ죬ֱϣŤͷۡ
꺩Ц˰Ϸæϱ飬ʹɫԶȥǰӣһ汳˶䡣
˰죬һ޿̣ҧгݣ·𱻵ܲϵġ
ҵġ¡¡ɡ
䣬һͻȻƿš
Ԫ߱ս죬Ųƫͷȥ
Žһվסű߳ɵգۣͷᡰӡҪˣ
ǸһЦתͷİӣŲŲ
ԪҲһ˴ʡ
űߣһ£ʾǸ⣬һУŶλǡ
ȵȣԪüסˣˣɡ
ɻ󣺡ʶҽʿ
ԪߵͷŹȣһھǡ޿ԲѡˤأȻҪһʱֵصҽʿڸȥС֮ǰ˿ӱȥӪˡ
λǴǰ˸ʯˡ꣬һ·ͽģ߾õľҽ硣
߾УǻڹŹǰĽʿԪԼ
Ҫ˵ŵùҽʿֻһ
ǰ磬߾оҽбܻ䣬¿˿
˿Ǻ󹬹˲еĹأڣԪľҽ±㽫˳ŬŬ°ͣôɡ
ָ˻ʣտƣ
±ǰſӶţ⻰ȵתҲ
֮ʱƣ˸Ƣע⡣Ѫ֢֮Ҳᣬ˽ţˤ
»ӣҡҡͷûˡ
ͷŮҽʿΪϸһޱˣѪ˽֮ʣٽÿΪҩĦɡ
Ԫһ
翴ԪһۣȻҲԡ
ҿɲġһЦҽʿᣬҽȴ˵ãʮֻ˵࿴ۣһȻֵôšЩ죿
磺ǳʿҸڹ̫ҽְԼĪ߰ǰ뾩¡
ԪƳ۽£Իͦá
񣬽ص㶮ˣǲܹٽҿɼǲ˭ôã
Ԫ΢̧Ʋͷȥ
ôãҺǰռأÿһǴʣȥ
оԪ߲õױҪǡ
ˣºشԪ߷һѣָҽôͱΰ梵׳ô񣿡
Ԫߣ
磺
ԪһüҵЩ˲Ҳͬͦ񣬶ֻ۾һӣ
˵
´˿̹˲Լ£յԪ߶Сǲһֻһˣҿΰе׶мҪǽЩ׵ı۾Ͷһֿƴһܱ
Ԫ߿۸ǵһ뽩ס磬µô˵ü
Ŷ𣿡ɤӣذ˰֣΢΢һЦҽ̫ϣֻǸɺϡ
ͷҪ£±ˡ
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εĻˣ밢߸ĹϵҲײ֮ˣǿԴ򿪵ֻˣ
󣬽״ʹʱ⣬Щ֣죬ҵأ
һ֮·ӦͳֻҷɫĽҡ
¿鿪ۿһͷлһֵɴһۡ
չ˿дʲô
һ£֪겻ʶ֣ûɵһţľȻգۣ£ûûʲô
⣬Ԫ˻Ŵ߱һۣŨü
ǰڳʲôծԪ
ҪȹܺԼķծɡ糯̧̧°ֻͣһЦҩתԶȥ
Ԫվԭüһͷӡ
ҵ¡ˣծʲôѻģ
ţԪƿţѥһ̧߻УӭϹˮ
ֻʣˣԪ߿ɻϵĽ£ǰȥ
˫ֽǰׯƽţһڡ
Ԫߵ齱ߣ׼ҩºȿĽף۲ۣ
Ŀ˸գգۣۡ
ۣԪü־ҪȥĽš
ȴһסڣҵ֪и취ֹۡ

³֣㸽
ŸҧģԪߣûˡ
ˣ²ʹߴ١
ԪĬĬЩȥ
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ͷĴǡ
Ԫ߳ϵֻȻճȭǰƬ紵ɴһ˲ԭء
ѵˮ㣬һ롣
ǽޱӯӯˮĴŵ£ŵͲˡ


35 
С˵, ɿ½, һͷȥ
˳ӿձյȺģȣﻹһֵ, ͻȻȥ硣
ԼССķһڿ, 磽궯оΧ÷ֻһ˵Ϣ, ŤһЩͷбۿȥ
Ԫ߻Ÿһûص߬ճȭֱ, һ˫۽ɴ·Ҫͷ
Ȼžһ̿ը, һ״ͷ, ԪȻվ, һ󳷡
Ĺ, һ֮Զ
ô񻹰ˡ
ΰ梵Ľ˵ɫͷһѵ, ͷҲһѵ, ûһӿͬʱѵ, ֻҪȥ, ϶׻ġ
̧, У֪ڿ, ԥ֧Ŵ
Ԫ۽ŵĴһǰ벽󳷣һתȥһƿ, ϴˮĹꡣ
ٽҪȥĶôҩ𣿡ɻ￴ȥ
Ԫһվס
ûûأ´Ź꣬ȴǵĶӰıӰ
ūҲҩ˳Ҫ˦˵ԪߣҲûٽһߣ¡
Ԫۣ߱ĺƬ̣͸һת߻С
³գʾͣĿ׷Ԫһ·䴽Ҫڣȴظĳ˱βºšҩޡ
ָմҩ࣬ͿĨڽ׵𴦣Ȧת
ּ죬Щͷ䵽ֺᣬŪ
۵ļֲڵļĦ̲סš
Ԫ߶һ٣عͷɨһۡ

šԪüŤͷĽųȥҩ
³Ӱ͵ֹ˱˻ԡ

Ԫߵû̹һϸˣ˻ȥ
һ侲
Եȷ̫Ѫȣίʵܲ˵ŶˣǳȥˣһжûڸճµĵطҲ¡
£ðɣǽ¡
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ֽûˣ֧ҲˣιģܿʱͿڼʸϣԷҰϮҩÿӶ䱸Ҳָ
ԷȻҶ⿤¶֣ȷ֤ݣ϶ܽԼ밢߸˽֮￪ȥֻܳԸưͿ
˭ģԪߴ
ҵʲô֤ݣ
˵Ҳ֪˭Ȼһ˿ΪͬϻЩԪߴȵСǲͬЩԺҹӶǽҪ̳мλĵճӣͷ⶯֣鷳
Ҫ֤ݡԪ߳ϥָҩ࣬ͳƽʧӣ²زģظ˯һ
ᳶǣо쬵ģ޶һ⡣
Ԫߣʱ򣬾Ͷˡ
ԳӪԶ±߾ʿͻ˳ǣظ󣬱ҩЧýˣֿʼʹ
ܲסۣҲ˲ȥԪߵҪʲôˣŮҽʿˣȷϲޱˤˣ°ֹ۵ҩۣ˯ǰʲôϢʱ
һ˯ǽ̫һۣ»һһԽԽôѲһֱ˯ҹԼOO@@˵ѡ
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Сһס죬عͷȥ
ˣСĿӭǰŻ𣿡
ܲ𡭡Զ˯Ľţʲôأ
С۱ϵĹ꣬ϿۣƳС¯ϵҩŶǸպõ˸úҩʱūҪҪ
ûһвҶˣˡ
ӣǰźںҩ
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ʱ
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С˵ˣǰ˵һʱ𣿡
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ʲôʱˣ
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׿Сү˵Ӧº֮׿ºʱϥһֱʲôҽˣڵһӡӣΨһѪ˵ǰ֮
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Ӳ£׿ѵǡ
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Сæǰȥ
ͬʱһһأһϤĺӰһԾ롪
Ρ
˶쵹ˣСһһҷס̧ۿˣʵıԵǿѹؼסĿһͨһ
Сһ㵵صɴۣۿӦڴͻȻûƵŲ
ϢͽϢؽ֪ǼҿΣԪŮȥɡ
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һͷȥ
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æͷȥһʣˣ˵˺öѪô
ôԪ߻ͷһۣһ㶼ˣ˱˻ԡ

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Ԫ߱ܿ̾˿֪ȻӲһɴڡ
һƬϸ󿴲ƣϴС˸ôڹʵϸŵѪ϶ˡ
ºϿ¿ֲȥſǻܲеִ硭ôҪĵط֣иʲôôôõ˳ǹ
ô룬ºȻҲô롣ԪһЦ
ֹסǻ̧ͷ
ﱾӲ֮һӲºҲҪìͷһ룬Ϊͬܺߣºìͷֻ׼ӼҡҪ赶ɱˣ⵶ȻҪ׼
ûն¶ֵˣӲ£һ׿
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һ֮£ӦǾҲԼȥѽ
ǰ˻ЦˣһǸӣ֮ǰսԼȥյУֱ˼ҲϧԼ
¶۲ˣһ䡰Ҳۡ
Ԫջ֣ڣŻ˵˶ѣһӼңڡ
ˣ˵ã¿˿ǹ˵⣬ֿ˿Լ˵Ľף̾˿֪ڰο˭ðɣ͵ΪҸЩ

»˻ʵǸ׿ıɡն𣿡
ԪͷǺܻᶯӳ𣿡
˼ҽõˡ
ǲ΢еˡ
ˤűͿֻ˵ţÿͷҲܱһι֮У
Լɵӵӣµһסҿɲ
ʣһұô죬չһ𣿡

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36 
Ԫûһ, ȻƲƣ٣֮Ի©ҹ, ȫ֪λһ˵ϢҲҪȥ, Ÿһۡ
Ҳ, ˳ָһҩԪϢص򸮣ҹһ·Ӱȥ٣δ̤Ժһ㡣
֪µԴΪأҲԪرƣŮҽʿ, 㲻ϣգֻͬ
ÿҹдһţշ, һ͹ȥ, , ҲҪţʹɣ֪ÿⶼˣǸˡ
˸˵عʮգһ𶯳ҰϢھը˹
º, ʮδһػؽǵΪ״濵ֲ̰۾֮Ը׿Ҿλ״ʵ, 鹹
ʥϿ״֮Ȼŭ˾ʵϲ飬ְֲӼжһϦ֮価
ͷ˸п˵ӲոǿһƿӲƿӻε´˰Ӽдӣʵ˼ŲңҲǶգ֪СϵӼҵ֤
˵ϢʱڸԪдţ˲֪˭ڱЩ£ֻ֪Ǹɺ
º״濵ֲ̰۾ҲһǴµ̶ֲ̰գڰ֮ڲ鵽⵹Ӽҵ֤˾֣
Ȼܣڴ֮ǰֲ̽Ӽҡ
ĵطЩʲôΪҪЩ
һһ磬֮ʱ뵽׿ڷ˼⣬δ߸Уἰδ̫Σգٽ˵ճʲôˡ
պ磬򸮶Ժ鷿
ºվ鰸ǰϲԪ߻ر˾鵽̰Ѵֲ˽Ŵǰ˾ĻЩĲȫ̰Ǯˣջ۵Ӵ󣬲⣬Ѷ
Ԫȴ̫ϲɫŵ˾飬ζʥϣ˸˹硣
ºӦǣָµ顣
ǰ˸ʯ˰꣬Ļֱǿֲԭֲǰߴ֮ʱжڸʯʯϧ߾ҲҪЧҿֲΪ˻
ֲӹٳ꣬ȷͨĴɵ֤ٽδʽڹ٣ûӽϺ꣬㵱ϽԺӲ̽̽Ӽҵĵס
鵽Ӽ׿ҵĹϵ׿Ҷ˽½ãλҲҵͻƿڡ
ֻԭ׿ҲٽĿ꣬ٽļƻֻ׿ңտ£׿Сүһʯһʰˡ
һж˳ٽļƻڷչԽֹͷȷʵԽҪСĽУºٽ뵽һ̧ͷȴŽҪ˵΢䣬Լͦˡ
˵֮ۼҪñ˭ܲϲ
º˾ӦĻ֮񰵺ӵ֮УҲɸο֮ˣ
ԪЦȻһգż̧һ˿Ƥ
ºһ㶡⻰Ҳ˵˵ɶˣϸԪָŵǷż㡪
ɫĻ㣬ƯĻ˽ӲӵķۣŻζһ֪˭֮֡
ŶºŷԼӦˣεظЦڸĶء
Ԫ߳һƤЩ°ˡ
ºһǰ͵͵̾˵ÿտŶЦ֪Ͽθ롭
û£ٽЦ͸һ֮飬˭̵סЦЦĿ⣡

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º˳ǸָתͷͿ͵ķź˳ȥ
һһأ鷿ڼžԪߴۣĿصż㡪
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ԪĿɨӱºϵȥ
ˣΰ梽ˣǰҵʱҶҩ˯ţ˵˻˵Ҫ֪һ£㲻ҰȥεĻˡ֪˰ɣɲҶзǷ֮롣˳Ҳ˱ΰ梣ǾʶȥòԾΰ梵ľ¥֮󲻾ãպýСһйΰ梲Ըҽ˵СӲҪܴ˵¡ͷľҽܲ׳Щҿʵ̫ˣ
ջյһϢ˾˵ļ˵Ǳδ꣬û̻ؾ¸ϲϳϦˣҪЩ˵ˣ˼˾ֻǸϲϳϦӦᾡҲصģ˹ҵѿƥ䣬߶ڴǵ£Ϊҵ˾ҲŮ࣬ҪصƿˣҶ쿪ĵ˯žˡأģ
Ԫżϵ߬߬΢΢ȥ
ǡ˿̣һꤵ𣬰һ˵Ů鷿ˣҹæܲң˵⻰
²ãű죬վΡΡӣӯˡ
Ԫߵͷż㣬ĬĬ£սԱһ̴ֻľϻ
Ŵ򿪣Ϳιżδ˴ƴ̵İȹһ֧մ׹Ľҡ黨ӨĹ⣬һűȾ˴ɫ
˵æûռң¶һ°ͣ鰸ͷŰһأȴֺ
ԪĿһ󣬿ɣ㶼ûͨҺʱ˵
һ㶣һԹسɷô£ٴҹӵ
ð亹ͷ˵ֻǾȥ²ӺҪͿˣš
ȥɡԪûΪ
˿æ˳ȥ
±˵䣬Űδ밢߸棬˷ʱ䣬ùǰ
ԪߣȻûãϹʲô
ûҽյҽʿ˵ҿµˣ̫·УҸ˵žҪչʾһ
ãȥǶҿԪ߳ʹ˸ɫ
±ȥ޺ͷȥЬࡣ
ûһ滹ҵĽţҽǱÿ𣿡Űѽ߹ȥ
ԪһһץסֱֻŵģĽţϥ齱ߣۿ˿Ѳ֮ɫĽףĴָָᰴĹؽڽǣƤֻһ˻ȥ
һͺ˼ضֱĶ֮ǰɲҵģ
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صһ䴽ǣͳһֻңȥѽ
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ԪšüҪҸʲô
ɲһֻͨңǰǿǱˤҲˣˣȤұ㶯µ㡣ɵĲȥµĲҲã͵µĿʼ½ҵݹߴӹպˣزŪˣ
Ԫߴֻңֻ˺۵֣߬䲻ģͻȻǷһʻ
أģ
һ˵ϲŭֶ͵ģҲĿҲǳҪȥĶ
ЩӣЩţݵֳȴܻڷ֮õʱһһμֳ
Ůֹš
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һڳҵء
Ԫ̧ۣǰЦ̣Ȼһ֪ⲻµĿʼǴġ÷ȡ֮
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37 
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Ԫ߷һ٣
Ҵӿ۽ǣ̧֣뵽󶼲͵ˣһʱЩϲ

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ԪƳƳ, ȥתһȦ
˲, ´Ҵϲ, ŮǰȥȹڲϽεһ̧ͷԪ߻ԭزôˣѽ
Ԫüǰڣ㵱ॵҪҡеģ
̫Сͷжͷء
Ҫʲô齣
ֻΪ֮, ҧĽָʲô˹Ҫʲô죿

ûôߵҽ㣬ͲǸεʣһžͿϡ
Ԫ߳һ磬һŵȥ㣿
̽⳯Ůǵնظˣ뿤ҪȥѱͬΣ˴ţǽıչ˺þС
Ԫߣ
ʻʷؽ֮ϸ˾ΪӼҾ춯ص̰۰æͷתյԽţȴϰǻϲϲ꣬Ϧͷ
գдСﵽŵƽʣҸ߹ӣ̷¡ƹǺϲ£죬ֱɵС̯ǰ˳
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ҪȥڽεʣһѽڿһƬҶƵģһգ۱ȵ˵ء
վȺͷññûҴãôġ
Ҫ˵˹־Ǹ˵ūۣڷһ²һˣԪü
һƼֱһС̯ϵĲ¸ˣժñݹȥˣ
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Ԫߵıǰȥȴܿ췢ֵ֣ӣֵŮٶƣǾȵӣϳԪߡ
ŵģǰպ䶯ȫǴνֹˡ
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Ԫ߲ͷ۽¡
һ֪ԼµûһǺ޲Ҹطȥ㣬װʲôʶң˲ȵȥˡԺҲϽˡ
ԪԼŵֱۡ
ʹǱ;Ҿˣ㻹ǡ
δ䣬ֺȻչһͷָᴩָοס֡
һ֮̾Ԫ߻ͷɨȺԿͣһŵһ飬æ͵ͷȥ
Ԫߣܰѿ𣿡
µͷʮָ۵̧֣֪Ҫǣ֡
Ԫ߳ǰһ̧°͡
˳Ŀָȥǰ·һ˵ЦĵϿŹŮǣӡ
ðɣֻҪڽһҲɿ֣ǿԭ㵱֮Ц˳ǰȥ
߳һ̣ЩֵĿԶȥרĹби̯ӣ׼Ԫ벻ԣĿ⻮ȥȻע⵽̯һͤͤӰ
Ůվ̯ǰȴˣһ˫۶Ԫߣ֪Ѿ˶á
ϴԺһ𣬿һδѩࡣ
˳ѩߣͷԪǣԼ֡
ڿǡЦֹ
֪
Ҳǣ񣬿϶緢֡²˵ƲƲ죺֪ʲôϵˣôô㣿
֪Ԫһü
ѩǶȥһۣβܲãҲڳԾһǽյ֡
Ҫ˶һ̧°͡
Ԫѩڵ̯ȥֿԱߵڣ̾ǣб档
ۿѩγѰջĿ⣬Ҵȥññɴ
ˣԶ㿴ˡЦͬк
ѩñɴֶס˸һ񣺡ٽ
С̯ŬŬ°ͣ˶
ϣæչһָѩ࣬λĹλ͹һѡʽɣ
λһҪСӵģһͳɣǶ˷ųԡ¿һԪߡ
Ԫߵȥһ˶Ǯ
ϣ˶֤λۣƣ
ѩ۽һȥ
¿ҩΪץҩģ
ǼĸǼֵġ
ṫˣ
Ԫһ
»ͷСͬˡ
Ԫߣɤˡ
żз纮޴󰭣лġѩ༷ЦһԸȥͻȻæǵٽ䣬ѩȻظȥˡ
˶ûأɺסˡ
ҼЩ£Ȳˣһʽ͸λɡѩƹ̯ӣͷȥ
ǮҶˣðֳɵߣţǣɲأһ˶һһֻֽԶ쳤ֵȥ
ѩһվס
պͣԪ߲󷽣ײԪߵĸ첲
Ԫ߽ӹֽתѩࡣ
￴ֻֽ֣ѩסһ㣬ԭرĬãعͷ̧ۿԪߡ
˫̧ۿ΢죬۵ʪ
Ԫ߲Եһ١
ҴС㲻ܺţ飬һȾӣѩ࿴صһ˵
С㲻ܺţ飬һȾӣʱʻڣüͷǻɵģԸ˵ΪҪ˵
Ԫ߱ڣ˭ȥ
Ҳ㣬˭ȥתͷһۣ˵ˣ֪ﲻܺţ飬Ҳܳţǣ
Ҫ֪ݸ
ΪһӦ֪µģ
Ԫۣȷ
ʲôȷЦǰǷʶ֪֪Щ˽£Լȷ
ȷ
ȻȷǡԪ߲ضȦӣ̽ſ˿£㿴Ӧ֪£
ѽȻôί۸Ƶģǹҵĸо
Ԫ߱ۿ⣬ü
˵ֳӦ֪ѩ˽֮£ֳѩʲôϵ
Ȼ뽪˽Ϊͬѩ˽
㻰㻹ˣǺļ磬ʵңǻͱĹʲô˽飬մǲݣ
ûСԪ߻ع
㷢ĸ
ԪĬĬָ򡪡
ţ
ˣڶֳΪѾ̫ˡ
ԪߣԪָ췢ġ
ôʡأ°ǲǹķСԪߡȥ

ϴ壬ģȡҲһ
ðɣԪ߾Ԫߣ㷢ɡ
ԪٴָԪָ췢ģδմǲݣδŮйκ˽顣
˽Ůӡѡ
Ԫߣδ˽Ůйκ˽顣
˳˵䣬¿˼һ˵պҲֻһˣ룬ز

Ԫ߸֣˼һЦĻ˳ģ
ôûУһָ죬æĶпһһ㷢ģˣһηʡ£

ʡˣ̯ˡ
ôҶ˵Ĺϵǽ֪ˣѵ㻹Ҳɣ
Ԫ룬ųڣٴָԪָ췢ģֻýһˣ롪
ȵȣЦӯӯһסɻôּˣ
ԪбҪԪߣԪߣ
ĪԼ˵Ĳǣ𣿾ֻҪԪߺѽ
Ŷ𡣡Ԫ߱ͷȥ
ǰסɵĴǣЦʲô
ûʲô
ĻˣҪھ룬Ҳˣ±졣
Ԫ߳һĴֱָ£Ԫָ췢ģֻýһˣ룬ұزΥġ
ǰһס졣
ˣһЦĳˣŲ׺أ
Ԫߴÿ֣ģˣ
ţûʲôˡ
Ԫߵͷƫͷտ졣
ˣЩˡ
ѩȷŹֳ֣մ˻˲ݣܻܲݶҪ
ԪĦֻ֣롣


38 
պϦ, һ㱻ԺЦѡ
ﵱ˶֪վ̰˯ʱ䲻ϲ֣ɨ, ֻһ굽ͷһա
ǾӭµӣҶﲻסϲ, ȫԺ´ߡСֶɨ, Ҫҷʱһһæһ˵Ц, Сĳ˿ȴû뵽ǵ˵ϦҪֵģ˭֣˭õѹǮࡣ
˽±˴һ, ÿĸ׾賿ȥ, ϦնЩϲټ¡
֮ÿһգұ㶼޼ɵߴߴ
Ц, Ժϲ죬ϧž˾˽һ˲³òɣϲ꣬Ҳߡ
ǰЩ֣ش˾ݵĽ˵ƺת, 仹µ߶ϻǲˡ
һ׮ϲ£˵ҽһλѧͽۣȥŮʱʱչ, ѧͽˡ
ǰѹǮȥѧͽķݶһˡѧͽգ˵¾ΪԼļ
˵Ϣ˺һŵȾݺȫýʱ밢߸ӦҲ£˫ϲš
ЩҴҽرСǱ߳˵ӣַװİ͸ȥ֪Ҫʲô
úͺأһʱȫޣüأ
ģѽͻСˣֻǷһֱġ
Ҳ֪ĸú÷ڵӣ
·ʤ̾˿ȥ££϶ԺӣϲСȥ
Ժ⣬δţһҧгݵʹ
С۶ǣĸӷ֮ãϦǼ棬күҲزɾԼ˵㿴˼һԲ
ҲǱ³ȥ취ȥֲţ߰ѾͷҪĸңݺ
ĸû±Լ̫Ҫһſ˷á
ϴ˸£ϻعͷȥһ֮ųŵ
һԵͨȥ
㡪ϵײǰڽǰһ֮⣬ҪүҪҶӡҪֲ
ĸ˵٣ϧδ¿¶֮ͬɫΪıԶǣĳﻮ統֮ȥĵһطȴഺ¥벽Ҳ̤ãſֲΪȥʥϸǰ飬ɿֲ˵ؽգܱ
ûûһԲҲء
㡢㲻ѿ࣡ȥֲţ粻ҡ
˵ʲôʹļ׵£ָС۶ǣԪߺϼգȻ֧ʹȡô꣬ͬܳ󣬴ͷΣȲһµ֣
գգۣٽε֣ĸǰ֪𣿡
ʲôǰһ㶣֪ʲô
һ㶹ǷӦ㾹ǰԪ˹ңðҸ˸ôԪߡ
ĸϷݵò͵´ˣǰ͵͵ٽʹЩӣҿɶţȥͬ˸˵ʱǶһ˸ǾŮ񣬻˶񶾡
ԭذΣǰʹʲôӣҪѪˣ
ģҲȥ̾ô˵ɣˣһͬĸݸ꣬һѾĸҲããǳȥģʡ䣬ǰ¡
ֹһ޶˶˳һŵθڶûˡ
ʵԭϦӣĸŸԲҲ޷Ͼ밢߸綼˵ˣĸҲʲô۶ˡ
ƫƫӼҵ̰۰Уȴ֪밢߸£ͷһͨҧ˵밢߸ֺӼң񲻽Ϲè˵ˡ
ϻʹ߸磬Ϊǰ̽Ӽҵ֤߸˵Ϊĸ񶾣ӼҵİѱԱʱ֮衣
ʵ֤Щ̶Ļȥģð߸类ºɣӼҵİж֮ǰ뿴סϡ
ûüţ˰ɴЩʱȥ˹ұΰ梡
Ϧҹڹϯں˸ͷһҹɽ̰۰һʲΪʡ֧ıȡ˳Ϧ磬˸ֲڣŻıΰ梹ȥ
˹һ٩һһҹˣ
һ㶣û⻰ʲô˼һԴüЦŸͣɲǣȼˣȻҪڷҹԲҹˡ
½һ壬ڱԱ£ŽأҴȤô᲻ңҷҵľҽˣʱһԲ
ҭҭתüӲŵƾˣ˵Цˡ
ū澵ǲء
üʽ£㰢߸֪ҹһˣҲ㣿
ĸףǼĸûҲ겻ˣܲżң˵ӪĽʿ˳ҲͣһҹҪˡҸ˵ҽҹ㣬ȥæġŽ˵ķ
˼صͷô˵ϻҪȥӪ
ѽԼˣ밢ɢϯ֮ȥţʱһ˵һ٣ع񣬡һҽҹĶɣ
Цغ˿ڲ衣
̾Ϣһ׶梽Ҹɾˣȴ֪һ飬û˼ԲԵԲĸƤ
Ҳ㽲綼ȥˣ㲻Ҳ֪뾩𣿻ʲô
Ϊ뾩
˭˵µһǱģңЦվ֪磬δüױüĻ죬ЩһԹҹŵȥ
˵űȥױˡüü㲻ҲҽɣưµĻĻ죬뽲㽲Ӧö
üʧЦβɢģūҲ֪飬뾩ԼѡǲѲŸŻŵĸȥ߹صġ
һʲô
⻹Ҫ˵һ¡
ҵȻˡ
üӦ𣺡ǿ֮ǰˣȵλʱẉ̂ʱһŽС΢ʦĵȴռ󣬾ݴԤδ֮ܣ䲻֪ǷԤԵ׼ȵΪģ˵ˣ
µͷ
ϻſڴƻƣƭ˵¹ƵǸƽΪ΢ʦЦϲ֪λ΢ʦɽʲǣȥĺˣûõķ
˵λʦˣ
Լһʮǰλʦҹ󣬹۳һԤ꽫˫տֶҡͳΣȨһ꣬Ӿܵߵأг˫ӤԱȵˡ
±һɺ⣬סȲ裬ŴˣôӤųʲôҲûУɱ𡭡
ҲǾȻҪ´з©ȥĸ׵̫ҽְģıһµһŮӤǰ׮±̫ҽٳϵĶͷͱƣ̫ҽ㱻ְд̡֮
ǵǶŮӤأӦѳˣѵҪɣ
ǶŮӤûһ˫˫زۣ֪ǻڻΡʥϲЩǻҲδʦֻ̫ҽȵۣ۾֮ųʹǶŮӤ㻹ڣŮҲϲ˹ٳҪ̫̫ƽƽģ£ġ
ºȲѹž类ŵǹ鰮ķ֮£ҲʣΪֻд꣬ȴûлؾˡ
ҹӪ
һһӰվڸʵ֮ϣڷԷɣĬľ̳ӡ
һھƣ£̾һмҵˣģҺʲôƾƣ
Ԫߵֿž̳Ķļң
֪˼УһˣһҧĽ֣
Ԫ򳤰ǵķ򣺡ȥλΪʱ˻ˣ
ԭûȵ˼ɢϯЦһǹֿ˵ʱͨﵩҲѰ¡Уǹʲôλ
ԼǷµķծ
׻ôϹ£
Ԫһھƣ㵱룿Ҹ
λǺĲǳҡͷҪģȥĲ㰢ֵķծλ²ˣ
Ԫҡͷǰ˶ҵĶѩ൱ֳʲôȥ쳣Ҳȥֳ¡
ն˿ûС
λﳣڼ̷ĸףѷ񵽿ҽʿҲȥҽݣټҲûżͬһ糣
һǽ˫ƶʡ۾յ鿴ˡϾֳӦҲǻ̤ˡ
һ޵̾Ϣ
û鵽û鵽̾ʲôЦ̧ͷһۣôϣֳǸˣ
Ԫбۿ̾Щҵ±ȴ̻鷳
⵹ʵͬصͷԶƮһԻ΢Ŀƣⶼǽĵڼֻˣô
ԪҲе㷳ȼҪµžһֻƹӪϣЩֻҲҪӪؽʰ
ۿһԿƻȼԽƮԽԽƮԽͣƮԪ߸ɴһ̣
磺ɾЩˣһһأ˼Ը鲻أ
Ҫϵģʲô𣿡
ǼȻҲԵ֣˼ʲôԸ˵ܰʵ¡
ôģʲôҽʿȥԪ߸ҪĵһӵȻ֣һ֮£磬չ˿
ϺȻ߸ɷĴ֡
¶ϡ
磺
˻ۣһĬ󡪡
Ԫߣôģʵ£
Ʋͷȥصöԡ
˵תͷһֻϨĿơ
ԪȻҲµһֻ˭ֻ֣֮ĬĬԥչһֻ
һֵӳ
ţϤľּһһ¶
Ԫ߽°ͷϣ塣
ȻԪߡ
ȻԪߡ
ҵƻ֮Уȫ˵ܳϣΨܻСԪߡ֡


39 
ʱ,Ԫ߻شʻһۣŸɾͷʱƼºһȺʿΧԺž˵Ц
ûԪߵ˾䡣
һȺʿһͷ,Цٽ˵ʲôű
ºЦŽ˽ŵļһȥűţٽһϱ˶ѣ
Ԫ:......"
ٽҹæ벻ˣҪʵûȥЪŰ!ºͷٺЦ
.....ƺȳ
̵ٽҲôеʱ򡣡һۻĿϷ
Ԫƫͷ,Զһԣǻش˸֦ڲŪ𡪡׼ȷ˵,һѾյûƵֽ
˵ҽҲԱͦšԪб
ôǳԱ˳ŵģдȫȫյĵƼȲãֲɺҶȻ׵
׵Щ˵Ӧ飿
粻ÿɷһЦβҼҵ,ô񶾵ԸⷴɣΪá
Ԫ߹ȥ,
糯һֻһ̧°ͣҲţҲˡ
Ԫ߻عͷ۽µŵֽû˵
˼Ըǡ塯⣬Ӧ飬ҿ¶ϵ˾ˡֽ֦Цŵݸ
Ԫޱת,һߣûȥӡ
ɴཫ֦ǰһ,ֽһҲյġ
ȼգ׵ĵֽѸٽھߣԪȥһ٣ſָڰգۿŵֽһճɻҽйڵ˺˵Ըһһʧ
Ԫ߽ڰյ߬
Ц
ǡʱһŮ𣺡ʲôЦôģ
Ԫߣ
һعͷȥһۿ͵ظȹڣϣټͤͤӰ
ʶɻĿǴһŵĸߴ£ͬһʱ̣Ԫߺһվ𣬼翿£ĵס
Ԫһ߳δվĵƼƽѥ˳ĽźأʲôЦôģ
磺
ºͱδӵĺ浽ɡ
ʲô𣿡±ͷȥ
ǡ繰ֳ˸񣬡ǣٽ¶֡
Ԫߣ
ҽҲ˵ϹԪߺЦȴôֻ񣬿ԣ
׹ת򱦼Ρ
أЦӯӯģҲûһۣҲ˭˵񣬱ܵġ
磬ΣоһεȻӡ
ۿԶһѶϵʿ֪ʱȻ¶תˣɤӣλʿض빫˷ǰΪλǴЩ¾Ƶҹҹ꣬Ī˶ӡ
䣬һʮ˶һ輦ѼĴ˽Ӫء
ĳнʿлԪһ֣Щʿ˸ƣʾ˸Ըȥ
ǻۿȫЩɽ亣ζȺ˳Χ˹ȥٿߣǰһԪߵı䣺û
Ԫ߻ƫͷһԻӣһߵͱΣֿԶʿǡ
ԹԽ˵ȥǷƾҪһظģ뿴ǾӪͷôģűΰ梹ˣǽɣ
Ԫ߿һѩ׵ġë׵񣺡ࣿ䣿
Ȼϲɾů͵ļֻ밢߸ǿһĹϵΰ梺ҽȴ涼ϼΪͶұΰ梺ҽعںõĻᣬֻװԷҪˡ
ﶼǸɸɾůůͺ͵ġЦ䡣
Ԫһȥ
±קһģôʲô
ΪרĳԶ
»ͷȺʿȥһݵͦ񣬡͵˵
Ķ߾ʿҪ͵
ȵؼӿ˽ŲǾӪΣա
ǰŽԪߵʣ²ùĳ£˽ǵҹ˽
¹Ƽϴз޺ϺˮڡԧըǡڡǷĲƷһµڳһƬյأһֻڵġ̰ɫů
ҹҲʱˣպЩʱۿԱߵıǲ˵ˣ±ΪкԪߺ磺ɣ
Ԫߺͽִ
һԵůˮѷУλ𱡱Ƭ
Ƴȥһۣס˵Ŀӣʲô⣿
ؿţ⣬ϺõţＹ
翴ֱߵԪһۡ
Ԫ΢ɲҡͷ
һ˲潪°˰֣˻ģٽţ⡣
Ԫ߿һ٣̧
ҲĿһ¿ȥ
һסģգգۣˣҽϲţҪɡ
ҡͷǡ
ϲţ⣬Ԫȷʵţ⡣
ɲţԪߣԪߡ
Ԫ߳ɵһ˫տӣҡţ⣿
һ㶣ҼǴ𣿡
Ԫ۶סΪβţ⣿
գۻƬ̣ȴֵû
ûͬ˵ԭҲǵˡҼǵţζ𣿡
ǣţζΪ־α˻ҽҪʿţ֮룬ȺţѪһл
дˣҲţ
ʲôɻ䣬ʱʵ٣Ժ㲻ţζÿÿڱŻ
ļɿڣֳļɿڣţΪ͵ĳϯϣų²ţ⣬ϰҲ¡
˵ţ⿴һۣҲδöһλһλҪ֮£һֳͬǸΪ
ǡô֪ģ
Ȼô˵ֳֳھʱҲ֪ܵܵļɿڡ
һôǣĪƳƳˣҺĺļɿڣǴˣҲ˲̨ɣ
Ԫ߻ع۽£֪Ǻ⣬ûвţ⡣
ŶǿҼǴˣȷʵ벻ţɣҲͿˣСһ׮¼Ǻþˣ
Թҹٽʱڲ裬ۿ΢ڰߣ֧ŶԸģһ˵ҪȥɢʳΪչ˱ΣԪߡ
Ԫ߿µ˼ϵؽˣ˳ȥӴȴ˵ɢʳ棬Ӫء
ŷϯ£ԪδͨµġǴɺϣʲô쳣
ü˼ţȻоСָ˹˹ô죬ҶΪ˸ǣû¯㲻ǣ𣿡
Ԫ߰£ģ˵Ӵˡ
ûȤɽҰЬҲˣ񲻳Կһţһͷͷһеƻ貣ϵӣǶʵ顣
Ԫͷʮ겻ǹ⣬ŲǻĻɽҰ룬µҶ͵أҲǣԿ˵ĶҲŮѵõûʲôÿɽҰǿǧٱ
Ҹȥѽѿڶ
Ԫߺ΢΢һϣƫͷ߹ز֮ء
ǵǳ֮ұҪ޼漦޹湷ġ

ѵû𣿡»֣ͷ
Ԫ߱ܿϹ̵۹⣺һһɡ
²˵ͣⶼҪˣ㻹һһҾ˸һһأ

Ԫ߽Ųһ٣롭
δ䣬Ȼžһը졣
ŵһУһԴԽԪ߻
Ԫ߷ɿһ̧֣ס˻˵Ķ䣬ԶͷߵǱ굽ˡ
´һ˫˿Ц§ס˿ӪͷظŵȺ
һֵıȥͷ㷽ʲô
Ԫ߸֣ȴһԶ䶳㽫ϣ̾˿˵ô
ϲϲıȻȫ˷ŵļƽϣգգۣ롪һ¡
ԪĦһ٣ԭء
㲻ңǾ㣬һģͷԼѡɣ
ԪĿ˸ţۿһһϵĴ꣬һ˲ƿ۱ͷ
ðɣˣºߺţѾ˫ŲĲ
о˫ŬѹĲŬ˵ľ룬Ŭʹͷ
อһҰںֱײͼЩι̵ļؿϡ
һͷѽ
Ԫ̧֣סȦ֡
üۣɿüͷ򴽣ˡ
㣬㻹Ըˣжǿ㡭ƲƲ죬һתӪ߻ȥ
Ȼһ˳ءվȣһֻסףôҲ۵Ĳʹ
ԪߵͷסĴǡ
ǰ㵶ɴ˫ۣ͸˫γֿۣҹ覵ĵֽڴȼյĻ棬ЩĻҽڱϡ
ǣǲϣԸ棬һϲԼֳ˵ģҪȡģʮˡ


40 
µ,Хŷݰ֦ܵ⣬գȴо˿⡣
Ԫһ·ǣӪ,յȳٳɢȥյﲻ֪˭߳˺,,Ԫ߳ĬĿǰ,֪ʲôС߸磬Ҳ𣿡

Ԫƫתͷһۡ
Լĺˡ
һҭع۰ֻ̾һͷȺ𣿡ֺس˳ҵʱ򲻻ܿ죬ȵĸо𣿡

Ԫһ,ۣһ᲻,㲻֪
ô֪
ѵǰԪ̽Ŷס۾û׹㣿
һ㶣ѵǰ׹𣿡
ⲻ㣿
ûС»գգۣɣ
оУûоûУʲôСɡ
ǣû㲻֪ô˵úʧƵģ

ˣⷴӦӦûй,Ǳʱ٣ֳֿ˼,
ĴֻصߣԪۣ߱¡
ʱһתͷȴһԹ˳˼ĥ¡
ʣǲǵǰ°ˡԪҲһ䡣
ôеǲˣüʵ׹ģǲǵãٴ£ݳݺɣѩ׵ӻ׺֦ͷ

ҵֽ𰲻СĹ֦ͷվ󣬰ժֽ𰣬ȻһͷһͷǾ͡

˵ûõĸʲôԪ߽Ųһ٣
´ӻõɫĪǲҵ𣿡
㣬ʹлûУ˭񽲻һԪɿ֣ĬĬͷ˳½
ǲˣмǲ壿ɫģۿƵġ
Ҿֻ֣ǵô׵ңҵʱʲôоҶ벻ˡ㻹ǵ𣿡
Ҫʲôо䣿Ԫ߻عͷۿ΢ŵĴꡣ
ʵգգۣЦǰ̫֮ǰˣǲҲңһ£ζһҿ϶ˣ
۴ģģȫεġ
Ԫߴսɣɿս̧°ƿ̫ˣ绹Ҫȥĸףظȥ
û뵽Ԫ߻£û뵽˵ȥ԰Ϊûо˸һˡ
ЦţԪߵı˻سǵ
صʷԼճʱͬڸǰ
磬Ԫʱϴϣ׼ȥˣһţɼӣرӣˣλǧ𡣡
Ԫüͷһ壺ߵʲôţ
һ㶣Ȼߵţ˵ġ
ƫŵĹϵС
ɣô֪ͣҪȥ㿤ƾܣ̬ȺǼ֪ȥһˡ
Ҫֳµĵڶծ·̽ݵţҲü
ȥ˵ҳٵһԪָɳȥûӭҼ̷ѩԺӡ
ԶԶأĸһɫҡҡͷʾס
ɾȵʹۣ˴жѩࡣλǧº浾û뵽дյɡ
ţɸϽͷվȥԪ
ѩߵԪ߸ǰ˸񣺡ðţѩм仰ٽ˵˵ߣᵢٽ̫á
Ԫ߳鷿һ롣
鷿ѩõϣɷϵĲ裬ڶ鰸ԪߣٽܷһرƬ̡
Ԫ߸ϥϵĦ£ɵͷ
ȥ˺£鷿š
ž鷿ڣž죬ѩ࿴Žűߵ̿¯˻㶬ղη䣬鷿ʱʱ̿¯Ϊ˿ɡ
ԪĦָ΢΢һ١
ֻ磬żϵĶҲˡѩ̧ۣ鷿תͷʼδڵԪߡ
㲻ؽţҽչʦֻҪҵĶѾ뿤Ϊɷ񽫵Ҹｻң
Ԫɫδģ鰸µ߬
Ҽǵáѩָ򲩹żܣԭǸƿƿ»һֻǿ岻ˣ𣿡
Ԫ˳ָƫתͷǸ´ƿ
Ǹװľɴƿˤ飬¹ڻã˵żϿȱһ֮£һڼ滻ȥ´ƿ
һʼδĿԪ߶Ǹ´ƿգգۣ˵ʲô
ѩ۲ԪߵãһһƬ̺ŵ㲻ǵһ롣
Ԫתѩ߾ٵһɣָ䵴һö塪
ѩɫ䣬ӨİϺȻοһǡ֡
Ժһɲö¡ʽԪ߻Ȼ̧ס
ѩ࿴ǿ壬һ屾һᡯ֣һΪ֮ǰ㣬ʣ˵ýȢ֮ʱŸҽǺ϶Ϊһ
ѩٴοԪߣ飬
Ԫ߽鰸󣬶壬ιȥ̴ֱֻľӣȡöˤֱǿ޲õġ¡壺˵ǡ壿
䣬һżæŵغšܽȥ޲һ˲űһƿ
һſ鷿һۿԶˣŹ˵ľȻ˵ͷãܺáٵһ𣿡
Ԫߺѩһһ壬תͷ˹ȥ
¸ҪĿӹѩָ壬һζۻƵֻλٿһ飬漴գգۣ˿Ԫеһö

һۣҿһۣսöؿ飺ʲô˼ô飬ʲô˼
Ԫߵͷȥ塣
Ҳ˼ʲô˼
𶯵صɴۣ첽ǰһѶԪߵ壬ߵѩǰȶȥ
ȱغϳһᡱ֡
۾Ťͷ˼ضסԪߣһãǸ¡֣Ƕǡᡯˣ㻹˵ûйϵ㻹˵ûմǲݣ
Ԫߣ
ѩ۽һ⻰ʲô˼
½߬ǿ壺ҸĶʲô˼
ѩɫһף֤ʵʲô²һ㣬۵״תѾõۿӿĿ૵
±ŭû޵Ļڣѩȿˣһûסһգ۽ޣԪߣô
Ԫ߻Ժɿǰһ̧ͷ涣滨Լת

Ƽδ֮𺳣Ԫֻ̧֣ͬʱԥѹѹλҪ侲һ¡˵
£ô侲
ѩࣺˡ
һһĬᣬۼſ޵øˡ
Ԫۣ߱һҵˮɽ֮Уͻͻֱ
һڸǰ޸µģ
ڸǰ޸µǣڿ޵ĹﶼǸĺ
ﶼǸĺµǣʵһҲû

Ԫʮֵȷţӵӣе̽˵Ļ񡪡
ʱ˿̣뾩Σ
ֳ֪һˡ
ĵȴȥʲôҲû̬øϾ
𲻶ΨԶȡ
ԪۣۿĨĽ£תѩࣺ
ȻȺָظһһ޵ÿʹȥˡ
ҲǡԪ̾ǰµٴοѩࡣ
ڣѩѾ˰㿴˵ͷͷ˿ᣬ߬ǿתҴҳ鷿
Ԫ߱˱ۣ£ָ췢ģûԲס¡
³ҭͷ֤֤ڣ㻹ҪƱʲôҲˣ
Ԫö壺ö壬˵ҵģ˵
Ҳ϶䣬ϴξ˵˵ŸɻˣҲĹˣ
ԪŤͷüġ
£ΪʲôҪ֪Щ¡
ұͺܲϲ졭
ԺÿҪһЩģʲôʲôԹ
Ԫ죬عͷһ鰸ȰһҺú𣿡
һķסأһ̧ۣŷԼ˿ˣŭĿֱ۾ݺݵУ
Լ£ҪҰҲûôԵĵ
ҷȥѽȥ׷ల㸺Ҳ˵һĻ
Ҿôһܶˣ㲻֪ҡ
ԪͷһͣǶһһϵĴꡣ
»˵һ뾪㵵ۣûüӦݹرߵʲôʪ֮һ㻬˽
һһŻ𣬴һ·յŴµ̳æȥ
ԪĶһ٣ɿĴۣϵˮ⣬£ۣͷֿĶͷСڣ㣬һ


41 
ͷֵľ, Ԫۣ߱Ƶ籡̵ĺ
ǰˣȴˡ
ֻǿȰȲͣ, 굽˼Ŷȥ, ԼҲ֪ô, һ̷·ӵԵı, ûҪôѾŵ顣
ûкµȥ, ܶĳֻ
Ҳ֪ǲɵˡ
뵽Ԫ궯ҵлָ, ͻȻ, һ, ̧ͷǰԾֱֱ
Ԫһһѽס, 㶵صͷȥ£
ճ, ˫ûлӦ
̽Ϣ, , ͷԪתͷ⣺ɡ
ڡڡ
, 죡
Ӻ᷿ڣԪأɫʲô
ɿ֣ǰµƤۣιȥ֮ǰʲô
Ԫ߿һۡ
磺㵱Ǵɣиʲô֪ǰôϲ
һܡ
ųιȥģ
Ҳǡ
ǡ
Ԫۿ, ֱϣƲͷȥĿº쳣Ĵɿһۡ
̧֣ˣҽ߾´лֱ˵

Ԫüߴ٣Եû£
ιȥ£û£̫һʱѪ㣬ԺԻת
˼ʲô£
ҷѪ֢֮δȷϻس˽ûˤ𴦣
Ůҽʿˣܲд
һǾֻһֿܣϻ֮ǰϾδȬľˣԴӱѿ
ԪüˣϲأܲжѪںδ
֮ϴΣѪ֢֮ᣬӦҽνʱȵҩ˳Чãλù⿿˵Ҫһҽ
Ԫɣȥȡعʣʲô
ҵĽǣǻҪųȵһյ㣬ҹȱľϣ֧ܿһΡ

Ūµ֮ǰٳҲǰٿĪ磬⽪£ҲҪѪ
Ԫߺԥ˰㡣
齱Ƭ̣Ƚ³˯ȥ˳᷿ص鷿ţö壬ʼͷ¡
ͬһö壬ֻһ֮һ˵ѡ
˵ѵѩ࣬һνͣѩô֪öֳ鷿δɶ֪ĵطµʱץסö岻ţҲһ⡣
˵ѵǽ¡Ϧദվãһû֡黹Ǽ⣬ֱܹ档
ô˶û˵ѵĿܡ
Ԫ鰸ǰã֪ʲôʱȻһߵ
º߽鷿һٽģ˵öĻ͡ˮ鿵һֱȵڣκηʱȥС
ԤеʲôԪ߶ѵֳһ˿ԥĬĬŽӹչϲ޳ƺֻмʫ䡪
ȪǣҼ˼ѩͷ
ʱ͡ˮ鿡
Ԫڰ̧ˮ롣
˽εˮ鿣滷ˮһνһľţˮ鿰ǴϸܵسǸʺϽ̸˽֮µĵط
ԪڰפƬ̣ľţһһŵˮȥ
ˮƾŮѥ̤תͷ˿˹
һľţԼ˲ȥ
ȴϣʫϣҪ
Ԫ߹ľţ߽ˮ鿣ȴֺڿ͸ڿһˡ
ѩŻǰǰͷü̧ۣһֻ֣һξ룬һһʪһЦ㲻Բԣ
Ԫ߳ĬãЩѵصͷ
ǲѾѩһѾˡ
õ֮Ԫٴεͷ
ѩۣѹһļ£̵رȥ
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Ѿ׷𰸣֮á
ؾٳûͷ£ӴŲŲƵƵϯǵϯΪһ
ÿһȺпȴĿ֮ûһĽҲǰĿڶԶĽ䣬۾ҵ
ʼΪʲôԡϾһóαװػ־ȴװõɵҹȴװһ
ΪȲòո¶ͷǣһرĽ֮ŮΪǵеĴɡȴǰСĽҲӦ
ĵȣʱʣܻ͡
صţȴȵһھ¥˵ӯ˽֮£ȵһԺۿ뿤޼ӣȵվǰİ·һμ
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òشԺ£йһУӶĵطĹעԽԽã˸ˡ
ȷҶ˵ˣһˣɥ֮ʹֶص伸ѣޱ仯˹£û˾ʲôԣٲŵ竣ЩҲǻ᳤ġ
ȴֻ֪Ͳ竣ʵĿܾĲһˡ
Ե죬һҪǣġί֮ͻȻ뵽һֿܡ
ǰʱ飬治֪Ҫ
ÿһҲȫȻʶ
ʶ
Ĭĸ֣㱼䣬ͻȻǰҹһ档
һҹǰδеأֹȴֻôһ仰ټ㷢ʶ͵ǴδʶҪңҲٵҡ
ʱǰս³ԽΪԼ޷Ż˵ĺ
ʱ»룬ؾ̬֮ȡԼսɳҲӦ޷ΪλСʶ˵
һ˵ֲ˵ĵʲô
ʼ˼룬ԽԽ¡
͡ˮ̸˵֮ʱ˵ԼһֵΣεԼڱ߹صﰤѵʿһѵ߾ǿսʿɱ򵹣ܺʹʱ֣ͷĵĻ¡
˵־ãǸСֻǺһģһȴܸоʹ࣬Ҳܸоͬ뷨
ͻȻһǳǳµĲ롪
һһģһˣݻص˾ǣǸ˷öϤĲ壬ѩᣬ뵽ǽµ£
˼Ǽ켸ҹ֮Ѱߵ򸮵ţһҪ
˻ĵӦֻһĿܣտĺһ׵ػؾ
ûС
򸮵һУȫӡ֤Ĳ롣
ãѩ̧ۣķʣߵʱ򡭡𣿡
Ԫüͷ𣬴߬ճȭû
ǡʲôʱ£ǲǽ
ԪĿһ㡭֪
ѩ౳գգۣŴ䡣
֪ʱֻ֪ҹȻļ¾ѣ޶߹شϢ˵߾֧ܣȫûԮʱϵȻٽΪһҹֻǸӦѹ
Ҳڤڤ֮иӦѩ˻񣬻عͷȥ˵ε㣬ǲʵڳǰҹ֪Ĵڣ
Ԫߵͷ
ѩ಻˵֪ȫˡ
Ԫ߽õȭԲסҡûоȵ
лؾԺҲ֪
ѩЦţҡҡͷĴҿܻҪڹãһЩ֪ȥϾͶһ𣿡
ѩͷʰᣬһģҸֶ֪Щֻˮʲôع˼ңҲκ˵
Ԫ̧
ʱΪʣԼߺҪðұڿԱһļˡ
Ԫߣл
ѩ༷ЦҲǰװ㱣ܵģһæ
˵
ѩָ·ȥʱľһЩߣ㵱һΣ͵ͬҸˣ𣿡
ԪĬĬͷá
ѩཫ۵ģߵĿתľţһڶڲһԽԽԶһֱߵľŵľͷ
΢ЦֱۣǵʧıӰ˻ӣգգۣգ¹̵


42 
, 򸮶Ժ鷿ԪͷαƣüģѩǼʣ͡ˮ鿻, ԺһֱֳйصĻ档
Ӽֳ֪Ĵ, ֳȴֱǰϦ֪ǰֳ, ƲԼһܵܡգˮңңֳժڳ, ¶Լһģһ𶯺졣
ֳ, ڰһ̽ǰߵ, һ渨ֳƶս, սͣЪļ϶, ˴̸塢д衢У겻, ȴѾʶʮꡣ
ȻҲоñĲϲ硣ֳºͱ, ðռƻɺ, ֳ̾ϧ, ˵Сѧıÿһζಫ, ôҲá
ֳȴ˵, ΪҪҡ߾ĵ, ϣԼĵܵܳΪһѵ, ϣһġܹصˡ
ֳ˵ֻһ̣Ҳֳ, 縸Ļ
ĻһĻĻǰģǸҹ
һս֮ǰֳжδǰս½ܹģǲòͷжڸԵսʱֱǰһҹֳһ󵨵ļƻһսֳ󡣾սۣ޾ȥΪѲ֧ӣһŤתս֡
ֳԥػؾڷвɢٴðŴǧﱼսʬɽѪҵֳʬס
ǸҹʧȥֳҲʧȥһġص˵ʸ
ٴξΪ߾˵һٽ˵

Ԫۣһͷٴο鰸ö塣
ֳһֳ¶ҪػĹûκɻв˼١ö˾ѩࡣ
ôٵǸֻǽ¡
Ϊν·Էθ϶Լǰöֳ˽Ⱥ֮ã
Էθ϶
Ԫ߷׽⼸֣Ȼһ󼱴ٵߵºļæŽ鷿ٽˣ
Ԫ̧ˣ
븮ȥˮ֮ǰס£;˵ˣ˵ȥѩˡ
ǣ֣ǰҽأǴڳǽɽ֮󣬿Ƥˣں׿һжϿѪ֢֮
Ԫɫ
ȱżĿºæסԪߣݱְ֣ҪĵģԼ

˵֮ҪҲûκβʣѪԿ岢ʵˣղ˴伮ڹಡУĵ˴Ỽʧ֢֮ʹе벻Լ˭ҲǵԼļˣеǼģһЩε£˼µ£Ժ
ְ˵˿ɽھӪ״һĿǰɣӦ˵϶ν˽飬ǿ˵ԴԺ룡
Ԫߴվ
һɴĹ𾪵صɴ˫ۡ
һ鷿˽Ӳǵ֪Ԫ˽ʱ
鷿Լ뷨ʱҲסˣ֪ԼΪʲôҪô顣
Ԫһվǰͷ鰸ϵ壬̧ͷ᷿ڵķ
Ȼĵ棬һһеȷˡ
ºֳĹϵǼٵģȴ뽫ģǰϲŭȫԷθģһ˿һ
´ӶָʹȻһһ߸硱ҲǴձɽ֮ʼġ첻ǵΣ˵Դ
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ߵŮָպǽģǰľһ֪㽫˵һΪ档
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ǰٽֵģǺˡ
ǳֻûڣºһ̧ͷԪߵһ

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ֻˤԴԪΣα˵ͷûпºͷ󺹣Ħ·֣䴽һЦֻˤԴ
ºŤͷɣ˵Ĳ𣿡
ɽŵսսˣԿͻʼҵĹϵ϶վڹߣʱ򽫹һ淢Ǿȫˡ
԰ɲº޺һĴȣֿԪߡ
ȴԪȻЦδȫɨǰδе崺磬⣬Ρ

ºɻһۡ
ٽӵԴҲˡ
ƻʱ֣᷿ڡԪأۿŴϰ˯ˡ
ѾϨһΣ˶ã˾͸ˡ
жӦдˣֻʣһʲ⡪
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ü˫۾˿
ĿԣԪüĵһ٣Ͻδת¶񣬼ã÷·֪ںη衣
˵Ѫ֢֮ѱ֮ǰ⣬ѹǲǰ¶һɣòһѪӿָ˰ɣ
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һ˲һֻ̧ߣһӣžһĿձߵ֡
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գգۣ㻹ЦҶˣ㻹Ц
Ԫ߱û˿Ц˫
ɣһӴԪߣ̫ˣ
ԪЦعȥôսˣ
Ϊ
ġ

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һ֮·ӦĸʲôЦˣҶˣУ𣡡
ǱεģԪһüҡ
𣿡
ٺú롣

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һǰɣָҸ㣬ŶûУҲҵĴ͸㣬ô֪ΪλͻȻһ룿
Զںô֪
ŽţߵͻȻ𣺡ӣḮλ֣˵ĸͿ˵仰Ҫ
һ㶡
Ԫ۵Ҳһ˿֮ɫĥѩˮ鿵ǷĬĬ
һλʮǫؽţߵǰ˸һ񣺡ɫðٽū˷ǰЩͬٽ͡
Ҽҹ˺ܲٽʵм񣬹ĵﲻԸٽǸˣΪԼٽʲô飬Ŵδŵٽᡣ
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Ԫ߿һۡ
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ģֹһӦҲˡ
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֪Ǻδʵ̫ùŻĲ³ţʲôԪߣҽҽ߳Ҫҽȥ
Ԫ߿֡
л⣬²￪ȥ㲻ԵҽʿˣٽܰҼҹﱣܣūм
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лūȥչҼҹˡԪ߶˸ɫ˳ȥ
ֻ᷿ʣˣϸѩľҲԪߵԹţô¡
ˣˡԪߴ
̧ͷô飿
飿
⼴ֻǸҲ˴οǷǰ£һҲ⣿ϲһˣϲ֮һ𣬵ǶĸŻˣⲻ˸л𣿡
ѻһ׮ԪҪĸ룬Ȼһ٣ϲһˣϲһ𣿡
ǰﲻ𣿡
ǲ֪
￴¡
ºȻڶ𡪡
ν˽飬ǿ˵ԴԺ룡
ΣĲиԵɣԵߵƾðĵ׼Ȼһ꾡Ĺ¡
ϲһˣҲô룿Ԫ߶ס
Īؿ
ϲ˲ǰȻճһܡõ𣿡
ϲ˲ϲ㣬֮ˣ̬ʮֶӣɻ룿
ϲҾˣ˸Ҷ̬ȶӣüͲ
ôֳǰġ
ֳ飬ҲȥǿֻΪ竣²òֳ
²֪飬ʵϲֳһͷʵõĹΣ񲻺
ã뵽ֳһ
ʲôٴ²ݳݺɣʲôֽϣʲôһͷһͷֱĿӡ
£ûͦԪۣűδӽ쿪ʼͷˡ


43 
±ĿⶢͷƤ, һͷˮ˰죬µؿ˵ʲô
Ԫб
ҲɶͷԵӡߴﹾȫĻʡ˵ʲôʱ, 
¾ɲؿаһɫǰͷ, Ҳò˰ɣ
ָ϶ͷԪ˳Ĵб, ͷϴ, һ
ǿ첡ˡ
Լġɩô, ҲҹҲ, ֳ, ҹﱻֳԼȥ̸
, ֳ˵縸, ɩĸҪ˺
ǲϾͲϰ, ˷ǲľϦദ֮ʱ˲öͷֳ˵縸ɩĸ, Ϊֺʹ
һɩĸ, һ֮֡
󿿵Ķȥ, ֱ̽ͷе, ǲˣ
Ԫ߿Ŵƿһ˿Ƥ˵ûУһۣΪ̽ͷ˱˿̹, ΢΢ǰ㣬½ɢ¶ɫһǡ
ѩ׵©ԪĿһ٣˴
ôͻȻˣͷ󾪡
Ԫ߷ɿƿֿ̧ۣס˳ƽһƣȥıȥ
һĳס齣üͷⲻǹ𣿡
Ԫ߱ͷһûһĻȹ˺Լ䲻֪
Ŷر㲻Ҫҽѽ
֪
֮ͬڹһܱضҲľƣ˺ˣǸᣬҲͬ㳳ˣ͸ͺðɡ
Ԫ߰뱳ͷһۣ˯һ첻
´һһ⣬ȵȣҶ˯һˣ԰Ǳߣ
Ůȥˡ
񳿽ѵ磬Ҳ£Ԫ߽ͷ򸮸ǡŵˣ˵Ҫٵһ̣ǰһŮͣǰŭɱ˽
鷿ιȥԪ߿ղٳУԸСƷȥ԰潪¼ݹĸס
¿߲ڵɫ¶գһô˯ôá
ģĸ׹ֲ㡣ҪҲǹºָһ찲ˡ
ԪߴӴߵյȣŮų֪ʱŻأŽԡ
𣿡գʡ
Ԫ߿۴⣬һǰºһֱⲽǻƺʱ¶ǰ̴ҵ磬Ҳλٽʮʹļס
һ˿ɳԲ·һҪҲУֲ˾䡣
ﴰ⣬Ԫº߸ºĿ⽹ƣݷ˫ֺʮߴȥ¡ٲ취ˣ
Ԫſڣ㣬ô㣿
º裺
ˣ꣬ôꣿ
ʱĩ鷿º޺һһ߶ţ˽ҹĵʮ壬ûܳôõš
ųԵģȥζأȥأ
Ҫڱ߹ʱôʱٽʮŶˡ
⹦򣬻֧ʮȦʮ󡭡
ºǰһҵ֣һӿһ۴⡣
̺ԵҲŶû£һΪʹӵ´ܴ֮ǰ˵ʹ˽飬ôʶʹӣѹǺʱ˵
һֵĹݱ¶о仰ô˵ţĵҲӸԸڿϣҲˣȴû÷ҲסСˣ
ɺº轹Ĳ֮ʣ½ŲԪһƿ鷿š
ºƨ˻Ƶķɿ
ٽˣȥ𣿡º۴⣬ŮˣȴԡķȥĿҪޣ
ģԪΣôˣ

ٽҪڶŮ鳤֮ϵ鰡ºǰȥ£˴ָкŲ磬˵Ѫϴҩ֮ɢʱ᳹ûжģ˵һͻȻˡ
ԣﲻȫ
ºһ㶡
Ԫ߿硣
磺Ҫҽ֮£
״ҩѪɻˣ
ᣬٿŵڶξС
ǽ͵ʲôҲû鵽ҽ֮ʱ˵һ糣ްɡ
̾˿
ºһԪ㣬ģ鷳ˣ
磺ϰˡ
˰Ļˣλɱ˵ɱɱϢ͸˶Щ˾Ӫ̷ķˣλɱ򵽿˾͸ҽҽýŴ򵽿Ϊҽߣ̯ôһλٽʵ˲ҡ
Ԫ߷Ը磬һָº裺ȥ̽̽ˣ˾커ͻؾ

㡪Ԫһָɣ˴Ƹ³̵̣ʱڰ׵
ϣ
ɺºӿ죬Ӧһ񣬻̧ͷԪߣҪ
Ԫߣ˵ѹȥĻʲ淢𣿡
Ȼܣͱҵˡ
ѹ֮ǰѸð°ˣʱľѳ۵ķҪĻʲҪ
ڵԡͿ¶¶һӵػص᷿һţͼԪҲԡϣӷص
Сһۣ͵Ц
С飬յٽֱ˸ˣǷ޿˼һҲԸ뿤ֿ
Ҳ⣬ͷôֹˣ
ӭԪüһ
ǿֵֹġ»𷽲ʱǸвˣǸϺϻ֣ϡЩ˵ĻأǲʵʲôԲסҵ£ߡң
Ԫ߿һƳ۷ԸŮȥɡ
Сʮֹɵ˳ȥ£˷š
¹Źֵüͷָָƶ£϶ʲô¡
վôԶʲôԪ߲ͷ
´ǰȥҪһ̧°ͣ
˳ָͷһϥǣɵ̧ġĶ
ġ

û밡
ˣ𣿡
תһԣĿ˸롪ʲôˣ
Ԫٶ죬չһ
ƮƮƣ䵽ϣһһᣬһ§סĲӡ
Ŀԣºһȵ֣Щ
Ԫһְ󣬰һ̧𣬽ɵֱȦӡ
ºױסζס
ǰô𣿡Ԫʡ
ôǰ³£Ҽǲˣ
ܺãû뵽һ
ôõ·ֳСһֳһ徻ҹζ֮ǰδвУԾ󻼡
쵽ס
㲻ʣǲ㣿
ߺ߱ͷȥҾ֪²ҪҰ£
ǣԪߵͷס
һʯ쾪񣬱۾üëȫͣջգգۣŻعͷȥǲԼĶ䣺˵ʲô
˵סԪ߷ظһ顣
·ϦҹıͻȻըڶߣԴž죬ĿİͰͣ˵
Ԫ̧ͷؿ۾˵㽪£ҪҪԪΪޣ


44 
Ԫĵ, ˵
᷿ﾲţűߵ̿¯Ѭκ˾ƣ, ǰûȴҪĳɤ۶ȥ
Щӷһֱ¹, ²׿ҵͷԷ, ˵ϻ
ǰҲ˽, ôƺûйҵӡ󡭡
ߵġҪǺ֮ٵڹͷ, ½ŵ, ΢΢Ƴ۶˶
Ƭ̺󣬶ӻعۣ°֮ͣǰҪһʡ
ֻղŶգǽնҺã
Ԫ۵׸Ц⣺գǱա
ҵȻҪմˡ
Ԫһǣ˵׼, 쳤վãҲͻȻͲˡ
С֮Ķȱ֮ҲŲǵȼ˼ǨˣֻҪմҺ, ᣿
𣿡Ԫ߽ס۾, Լ˵ġ
˵ģôҲҷģ
ҲǲС
ʮָɴɿȦ֣ѧϻָָ죺ҽָ췢ģֻҪ󰢲߸մҺ, Ҳ밢߸Υġ
ΥġԪͻȻƵͰֽţ벽Ҳӡ
գգۣǶ˵𣿡
ҪǸʲô
һЦ᲻þ˵᲻ֽţҲá
Ǽޣǲޣ
Ц½§ǰȥշɿһ£ޣͼޣ
Ԫһ֮ƫͷѾԴѣ̧֣ԵĦһ
峿´ѹһۣһ齣ͷɢѽˣˣ
ԶڱĹСһ㶣æǰʲôˣ
ô£ʲôʱˣŶˣĻϲ´ҴƿҪ齡
Сһվԭضһۡ
꣺ţ
Сϲϲ
Ҳһ㶣۴Ķ죬ֿȻõİȴ޼᷿¶֮ɫȻʲôӡ
׵ĵڶգԪһſ᷿´û뵽ģϲûϣˣ

صһ˫һڻعֺһ
˯ǰ̫׵£ţ˵ϲҪʮϰ죬ϼǴǳʺĹ˵ӭӵڲ䲻ȵĺʱڡ
ԪһӦţһֱӦ˵˯ȥ
һ˯εӭӣ߱죬˯ͷɲż
ĬԪߣһôôȥصһ£סͷ
ԪЦţǰ£ıһء
û˯رҡָס
Ԫü췢ģôˣ
նˣһҷҲӦ
㣬žãȥã
һ㶣ƫͷȥòͱĸ׿
ġ
򸮶ΣȴδԺԪΪסֲòιϵüĸװƣᶫԺĶҪ˵ˣĸ˵ٲʵʧ񣬻ͷҲ졣
·ӦǴһʱһʱգգʣĸң
ͼǿ
ʲôǿģǾȥóԡ´öˣСηӣŮźϴ
Ԫڴߵ£ͷױȵһĽŲŷסſ򣺡ӣ²ˣˣ
תͷȵ˸ˣ
Ԫ߻ûõº贫صϢҲЩ⣺Դǡ
ڵҪɱˣһû˵ֻϾҪɱ
ԪأСӸҽгһͳƽ
·ɿԪһûסˣϲϲ᷿̽˸
£һͷ糾Ųһ٣ɵɴһ˫Բۡ
²ŮɴƯƯȴһӦ˯ѵʱڱ˼ҵĸۡվŴǸͿŮϲ֪ģδŮ
Ŵ£ǻؾ;еĳվһӾȥĹԱϲ˵ϲϲٽ뿤ɲŮò֮ϡ
ϻس֮ǰǧٸԼ˲ôһ۸ڶ˼ʮ¶ϵŮͻȻ֮ϡ
Żصֽ²ڣ˵ҹδޣԾɱһ˿ϣúӿȥ԰ĸףûϻߣҲ˵ǻ鲻ѣȥΰ̸ˣֱ˿̣ۿһĻ
һְĿڣһסӴӴ
ںͷĺæסˣү
˸ɫһɱǰסһ߸첲ô˾˸
һۺڣͷ麹̧ۣԪߵǰسһ񣺡Ԫڴˣ
Ҳ
ڴˣڴˣ
һָָָת첲Ľ££ǲСӰ°ģ
º֪ϲγȥ֮ʱԪΪҪһˡ
;˾ǾñطˣδҪñˡ
»æ֣ǲǣ˸Լġ
ӴӴŸȥǰˡ
˸ᣬ밢߸硪
һɣֱ˻ʲôʲô磿
ٽ¸󱳸˳ǲǺ׼׵ģ͵ء
һƣˣ£Ҳͬ⣡
ʱ󣬽ůףָضԽţʼȦһ׵ľ˸
ý͵ģһ·϶Ѿˣ˵û밢߸ͬһݣ߸ҲѲԭǸɵ竣˹ҵǹ֮һһ⣬۸ΪͷƢôޣԸܡ
֮˵һ·߸ĺã˵Ͷϣڶ˵ˣ˸ȴʼûкɫһʼļ߱⸱Ϊͷ۵ģ
ַۣŶͷû˵ٿڳ̾һԭǸ竣ֻҪͶϣ˸ҲǲܴӦ¡
̧˸˵ʲôǸ竣ҿƲ
ôܸɣܳõڳغָأǸȥܿࣿ
ʹǰз갳ǵķ뽭أûô࡭
ǲ㰢̶յ£һĽ벽㰢ĺ𣿡
µͷȥոǿġ
Ǿ͵нղ֮˰սʤ֪ʲοʹʱʹھеӣ˺ӣǵĺ𣿡
˸һûء
û룬˸ˣһ׮Եڰ֣½飬Ҳûʲô޵⣬ҳ˶˰ɣ
䣬ľսؽүٽˣ˵ү
ʲôŮԻҩҹࣿüͷһ壬˺ȥ
˸żضţֱϣֹ˰죬һ
ˣֻܱˡ
˸³ϿҵؿµĽ飬ȷ˵ʵǰѾˡ
ͫ׾ţΡΡתͷ
£᲻ῼһ¡
̧ƣס˵ȥĹ꣬ɣغȥˣɡ
һϲ
һ£ȡ



45 
», ϻڳ
ãǿխĸһ۸Уɨڳ裬ԸƵڡ
һˮƤ, ɳ̥, һȣѹֽŮԵ
´, ԪһλŰ۵, һٽ֪п, ˵, ˵ˣ
Ԫ߻ع, Ⱥѹ򳡵ĺһ, һָ磺λ߾ҽʿ, ε, ү
һ㶣һ˫ŭĿ΢΢һ
ҹۺүź֮ʱͷð麹, һֱ֧Ǽ֢֮, Ӧǰýˡ
һ, һһȭͷ޻, оҲʹϡ
˰, ε, ƲͷȥٽɲͷѾã
һ̻ؾ, ǰ;˸ڽղŵ
ս´ǰ˵˸µϲ꣬º跽űĹǰ̵ͣʵ򲢲Ƿĸ˵زļ飬ʵڰ;վͳ
㡭˵ֱ̨׶һ飬һʱҲסˣ
үǲ𣿡
˿־Ԫ߸ǰͻȻһͷֱֱСѾͷף֪һ׼޿䣬Ѳĥ˵úܡ
Ԫ䴽һЦס
޿Ѳĥ˵Ҳˣ
𶯵ؿ
ԪߣŲ鼱֮ûע⣬Щκãѱ֡
ĬĬһۡ
Ԫֳһүɡ
ߵףһһ٣̧ͷ
ǣںң
һ磬ԺſϣʹţδŮĵڶιġ
ʱľʯˣʱһڱ˹ȥ˵û˼Ҫ
λҽʱһΰĦʹȫޣסٰڲΪ˾˸ļӡһҹò̬ƽһЩһ磬شʥˡ
Ħ׸ˣ߽үθǣ˸ӦŽҪעⱣů˷硣
ſ̧֣ʾˣˣˬٵĽǣ
մϣһŮҴҽүˣˣ

޼䣬أۿһС͸ף촽Ѫɫ˫۽յˣʣô£ҹ˯ǰúõҽʿأƹûУ
һԹͷƹˣ˵ǡ顢͡棬ݽӡ
ۣôಡ
ܵ˵ˣûˣѪգޱȡ
ǡΣ˷ûУ
ҽʿ˵ҩα겻αҲá
˵˵ǲѪιʮ֧ʮϲΣҿܲã
꾪㵰֣⡢ʹðү
ȿȡ˿һ۷죬̧һֻ˸
æչ֣˸ڣ˸ڡ
˿ҡҡͷ㲻Ҫҽʿⶼµ
ôأСͺˣ
˸һ֪ұҲǷǼٽɣȫǰİȥһԣϳļǣ춨ĹˣҾͻȥ

΢飺棿
үǧȷæȡһźֽݸ
ôһӳͨƪзĹ´еޡ
ֽ£ò㻨Ū˸İɣ
ɲǻ˺ü
ôأҵİ־˸ͷٽİҲҹҹء
ҹôţ
ҹ¾;ĹԽԽԶϵ·һʧȻұ⸱ģ¿߬סڣ˸Ǻã
Це£ֽǺãã˸ǵİȥһԣƽ⡣
ۿͷҲصˣһµϴϷķۣ̾˿һı졣
꣺ū澾˵вͨүֲɵ
ҵȻ֪˸ɵƲƲ죬Ҷôҽˣ˸Ҳÿҵľģѽ
ºүȥϰ֣һϳã񲻸
ѻ죬´˹꣬밢߸綨ʯϿµ֮ϣ
һʱ̫ۡ
ڵСڣŶĵ
СһҲ֮⣬Ȼպõ˰֣²⡣̫۵ŵǼ΢ʦ״ӣ΢ʦܻʼأԤ֮ܣڳ嵱Ҳ
ŵΣŵʡ
ҪŮ
Ů
ŵºֽⲢŮԭԵ
ˣüͷҾ˵ԵáԵʱ
ŮԵԶڼ֮ء
һ֮أ
ϿŮԵԶޣԵص
֮ءز˵Ŀһ壿ôܣͷһΣס˶ǡ
¾֮صˣҲ֮عӣ˵һԶޣԵٻصѵǡף
ȵλʱǳѽһλ׹ȥ棬׵£ƽʮ꣬һһ䣬ö˶˵ģͻȻȥһλҪֵͣտ
벻ţԿŵһЦ
عҲɵֻǴ̫ϡԵɳɣзӱܿ
ŵЦһָǰİӲڸǰ𣿡
˼ǡ㵵ؿ
䱾ŮԵȻֻأŮɵûԵɰմ˻ԵɱܿԭԵ
ͬһʱ̣򸮶Ժ
һ飬ɫصؽ鷿ӣҹ˸˽ձȥ˵İ֡
Ԫߴ鰸̧ͷȥ˸ģҲģ
ôأ뿤ȻҪ˵ףϻչرҲҪֵġɽǰ
ӣи׼ϳã˵Եǡ֮ס
ԪǺƤ£ǵһ֪
ϵĴ֮׿ɲƽչߵЦҪ£
ΪȴЩʱأ˳ʱ̸ɱͬʱ
żڹ֮ΪӽʱҶӵ֣ʵǰһĹ㡣
ԣóȥİֲǴӵģǹӵġô˹Ӿǰ϶¡
Ԫ߿Ҳûһۡ
Щʿʮǰ֮֮һֽ飬ͼǬ
ҵֲǶԪһǣԵҷҪɡ


46 
̫۳, һŽŲϣ겻˻سǵ
˼ȥ, ܾòܡ
ȵλʱ, ֮ԽһλŮΪȥߺף뱱ɼлŴǵʱʱϮŴǱ߾, Ǳ߾ϴСս³겻, ˫صľѹֻܲȡߡ
Ԫʱشɣ뾭ѵض, вѾڡ
ȻûиܵеΣǵҲάȹ̣ĵһλ׹ȥأ
֮˵δ̫ơ
ʲôʲô, ²Ū飿
ҡҡͷ, Ǿòţһ·ü˼Żسȥ˳, Ȼͷһɧ, ͻȻͣ
ô£ƿȥſһȺеͨͨ, ֪ʲôҪҪǻ߳ǡ
һԶԶƼ, Ҵǰ˸񣺡үڳſԺ, ʹŴ˿ҪǷ
ʱڣǽõĸʹ½ȻҲС˵иҲ˳˵Ҫô˻úԭĻͽգﻹλӣ嶼ϯС
ȵʹŲգ⹬綼ûôͻȥˣ
غүĻͻȻΣ˰ＱոͽУӲòǰˡ
һ£һͷۻطס˴ء
ʮǰȥĺ׹
ϵȹ̣ԭȷһλȥףһκ׹ͻȻʡ
ǰŸղԣűϢ˿ƣ
òԪߵ֪ΣϢ̫ͨ۵ĵƭͷӦҵ°ɣ
Ͼܼȥ֮أȥ޻أ޸Ԫ߶ϳ֮ѡ
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ԼĪǰ
ʱɷ
ǰѴ̫뿪Ҳ˵ŵʱǰ˰Ｑִﳤ֮ǰȫ˻֪ΣϢԪߣκ˶ͨ
ѵǵҪͳһλ׹ѵ֮µ䵽ͷϡ
ûôŮôҲֵһλտ
ƫƫ˵ľ¡
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ӭŷɳʯ̽⣬зλţ󣬻·һȾܰѹģ
졪һְ̧סĿڣ⳵ȥ򸮣
򸮶ԺºԪ߻رļüͷΣ䲻ѣΪ춯ȻҪȼƻ뿪ˡ
Ӽҵ̰۰д֮УҪӼңڳƲµϣʥϲдֲҪΪӱ𻹵Ѱ
ʱҪ¡߾ôֵɿӦ뿤£ֺϵҲ˳
ͻıʣһ׮׮±Խȣºһͷʳһ䣬ֻӭȢһ·ɱɱáʵڲУ˽
Ԫ˫ֽգ鰸ϣĦָ˻ѺϺõİָдɼ飬øҡ
ȻٽЩٽ֪ԵٽܿԼȲϼˣֺϳĽȻҪġ
ºȥ죬Ƭ̺һµ
Ԫ߽ӹ½߳ţ޶ȥ
;ӭϺʻ
·꣬ԪһҲͣ¡
ͷ˵˾ʲô̽
Ԫ߷ǰżɽү̸̸
һƣ̸ˣ£ͬˣ
ӺԪߵ˽޼ſڣ£ţ̧ߵߵš
ܿƿţͷһˣүٽ
أڴװ
Ѿûװһ٣ҲûװģүҹΪշת࣬һҹߣȷûЪã˯ء
ÿţ˽
˿żͬʱ˲ӡѹѥ⿴ԪߣƳȥ
ߵ齱ߣֽµ˯ˣüͷ˯Ҳڲ£ˣϢ˯
ļͷ£
һ΢΢һƤһۿľ˸ڶۿԶһЩԪߣĿһŵƵģһӴȥһ˱
ԪǰĽŲһ١
Ҳһͣ㶻ͷ˿Ԫߣֿؽ£ôˣ£
ԪߣͷڱʲôĿһԽ𾪣һָ˸ô޼䣡
Ԫ۾һУס
˸ģ˸ͬǵˣ㱨ϲ
£°죬һֿԪߣૣ¡
Ԫߴ߬ճȭƬ̧̣̽ѥ⣬ǰȥ
ߵأսЩ˯Ϳˣ
³ٶţͷ˻γԴʲôңԶġ֧ļ̧ۣŽߵ۵׵İ糱ˮȥ߸磿
Ԫ߬ȭͷһɿֱֳ̧½󣺡š
ôǣ˯ڿ޵ķϵˣЦ
¶ԪգգۣźһΣ밢߸Ϊһֻнӣ͸˱˴ˣû˿ٯٯ⣬Ҳĸоʵ̫ʵˣʵֲξʵ
һ˲ۿһ죬ſǻǰˣ
һԪߵͷαסĽ£ֿ۱ײȥɵһԵ
ôˣԪһ̧֣˸˵ķ
£ޡˡؿߣ˸جΣεһҲϲңҡҺףһҾûû˵Ƣô󣬿϶һӶ޲ȥ

ˣֳ竾竣Ҳݵô񣬶Թ˵ôĻ
Ԫ߸ҪڣƳһ㬵һ١
һŮ̾Ϣ޺˦ȥ
޼ֻʣˣԪµıģⲻҪ޳ȥˣ
ʵ̧ǸκʵҶΪء
ļ䵱ڽΣյĽڹۣ
Ԫߴ˫۾䲻ģºѵڶߡ
һԪ£ָյᣬĬĬζ෴ģ㣬ʱұ㡣
һ㶣ʵǵһ˵ôĻ۾棿
档
ΪЦôףʵһϲϲң
ˣһζѣˣ˸ˡ
һԱ߾˸Ѳڣ²ŻعƵģȵ˸ôȻϴӦˣ
Ԫҡͷֻ֪ڴ֮ǰȥһ̫ۣӣԵŮ
ЩʿһǴʡȥࡣ
ԪһƤ֣ܺļǣ춨Ĺˡ
Ҿ˵һԣЦ§þ˸ɿڵÿ죬û̫ãϽý˺ƸϲҲǲǻܸȥ֮ǰ飿
ˣҪغˡ
ʲôЦһͣʲôʱҪأôôͻȻ
ΣһʥӦû빬
ɫһ䣺Ҫ˰ɡ
ȥΪ˲̡
ˡҪ棬ѣҲ
Ԫߣڣ갳ǹ˸ҷ
֪㲻£ҡü̾᲻㡭
˵⻰Ϊ֪Ҳ¡
̧
ΪȥԪ䴽һЦδޡ


47 
, ʹ
е֮ϣбׯϵĻԹ⣬ʯ֮, Ӧ빬과ӳ, ſ˫ۣŲеĴ䡢ѥͲ
Ƭֱ̺, ΢΢Цֳһ, ϸϸǻСɡ
Ԫ̧ѥϣһŽ̤ʯ, ߽ȡ
ľĳƯŹ͢ζһ·ӣԽԽء
תһսǣǰһ, ڵӳ
, Сˡ
̾ı, һ۵̧
Ԫ߿߼, ̧ͷ߸ϵĿ⡣
ʮ˲ֱܲӶ۵һζ
Ŀӣһ֣ԪߴƤ񣺡΢μ¡
Ҳӣضˣǰ, 
ڵһ۱ֱʥ֮˵ټŻӡףۻͻȻЦŸп
Ԫ̧ۿλѵһĺӶڶʹʹ
ۿһһˣӹ̷ϵĲ裬ͷһڣȻ̾
ʹ̾ιʰ۸²յ
ϧҡҡͷֻ⴦ºͳ˻ʹһۣ˷ǡ
ЦſԪߣ޵Ҳ˷ǣͷģղҲʹ
һĬ̬ЩٴοԪʱƲЦЦһ˵Ǻ棬յʹΣһοˡ
Ԫߣɱ̧΢ǳԴ˸λԾӡ
۰ڰ֣ʹȻˣ˵˵
΢幫ȥʮ꣬Ůϥ²޿ɼ̳λãʹһǵ׾ͶˡҲߵȨ䵽λУλһλԭһλԶԭ߶ԴԶ㿴λ˭ռ̳дȨ
ۣ˼ǣ߻ǿսȡҵҴֻŵ
΢Ǵ⣬Ԫҡҡͷ΢ΪֻҪ΢ںһգλӼ̳дȨ߶ǿս
һˮĽ
ţ»ɣͲֱ˵߿սȡˣ
Ļصڸ߿ĵĴڣ̰ţ֮£ʢһеˮ
۶סԪߡ
üëһҲٴνӵĿͶԪߡ
ԪƽĿǰ˵Ĵ
ӶҪƽطǿ׳ʤӶֳǺӶޣҲΪӹּɵھʱһֱ躹ޡ
Ȼֳȴ֤׾á
ȥ꣬ʧȥڶʹս𣬶Ӷ߾ʼϢӶͷѹҪһλµĺڶʹȹ̳͢Ӷǹϵ
һʮܷʤ˴ΣҲǡʱգδʽʵְֻܴԺػذ⵹ӼҵԵɡ
ȷţΨſƥУſӶ⣬ǵ޷Ϊֳѩޣܿ޻أԶķ֮֡
Ĭã۵˵ͷã˵غ򣬼𣬺㴦ڶʹְ֮ɸʹݴԸѧϰʧ
ɫȥ
Ԫߵף΢һͣٺ£ڴ֮ǰ΢һ֮롣
˵
΢ھһ׮Ҫ죬¿ɷ΢̡
ǡ˿̣һλ̴ҴҲڣ۶£ӯˡ
Ƴ۵µԪߣ̵˵ͷ
һԷԪЦСԺʱ뿵ֲ֮Ӳ¹ϵǳӼ̰۰Ǻν
Ԫ̧
üԪߣ𣿡
ȻǣһŮڵ𣬡ؾҲЩˣôû˵ٽ£
¿ţſǰ׸񣺡¼ʲ
£¶ȸһЦѾͷûˣѵһˣǳδģ
ЦӯӯϵǻʲϢͨʲ£ǰҲѡЩ˼ң䣬˸½ʲ˵¡
Ϊ㶨ף
أʲҿɲûҶױˡЦһԪ߶ۡ
ʵܸɣҪԶʲȥˣüȴҪʲˡ
̾˿üڵⶼˣʲòϸɾȴʹˡ
ǺãʲܲΪ㣬֮صĽǿھ
ǻʲͬٽһȥвУ
Ԫƫͷ¡
»ؿһۡ
Ԫһȥ˸˼׼ˣ˵Ӧõʲ׿ϡ
Ԫ߿ڣлʲɣδ뾩ڽΪʣڣܽлʲ˾Щɡ
֣¶ɫһСڳڳסȥϰ𣿳ôһ·ǰ;ܲÿܻˣ
Ҫԣ;ܲãҾʹŸʲʲʱ˽һؾµ治ٽֿұ֤һ·г̣ʲգ˵µ¾ٽµ
۲Ŀûɿڡ
ʲߺںʮ꣬òҪһԼļˣôɢǡƲƲ졣
ɫɶЩ
ҪȻҪȻͻȥͻȻת򷶵꣬ôк֮־ֹںӶҪôӶܣδȥɣ
Ŀ¶֣̿ϣϷԣ档
ԪЦ⿴۽¡
°ͣĵһ
겻ǰǷҲһ
̧鰴·꣬彪³̾һƣʲúö˶˵ģһˣɹ
ʲֻҪӦ£⼦ͲˣҲˣ
˼Ƭ̣˻֣˰ˣɡ
ڵ뿪Ԫ߲ȥ
·£˵ĹԪ̧°ͣĿ࿴һ:˭İϻ
ţȥӿ֣ױأ֣
Ԫ߷ſˡ
ô򵥵£õ˭ҺôҲǴСʶЩġŬŬ°ͣĸ󳤹ŵ𡮶ǿǵӺϹǰģȻĸȥ磬ҶǵʲôˣӦѪ
ͣ㣬ҲôңԪ
Ҳˣֵؿʲôأ
ԪüһȻûС
ҹ鷿Ԫ¹һ壬ӣ˻ϻӣȥġ
˵ˣԪߵͷлүꡣ
ȻҪһˣ±µ£ҪȥҲԣʥһأȥȥʡ
ǧ򲻸ͬ˲ִȥģ뵽̫һԡ
ֻǶף飬ָأ˵δʲô߾δȥ߻ʵԶĵطһܣ֮ߵʹٴȢǹҲãʥҲã£֮Ҳ䲻Ǽˡ
Ȼ˵Ԫܸµ´Ԫߣ֮١
Ҷʥ϶ԣ¸ĸ˫ڳȨͻЩ̸ڵĹ佫ҽףôһλͷεĿ޸һλرĽİʥҲּɡ
ȻôҲҵ˽ģĿؿԪߣ룬Ҳ֮һ·ʱʱ̿չ˺£˺Ժ󣬶Ҫڳһһί
Ԫߵͷ²غүԴסеϰߣҶ
⺢ӳԴסϵȷޣ£̾ϢһΪСң׷ڲˣ˸ҲЩһֱ㽫˽ˡ
Щ꣬⿤֮λϹ˾⣬ʵֺγԼڰοԼû˰Щˣûôˡ
Ԫߵͷ֪
һЦ˵ˣǰ㱧ޣ˸Ҳο
Ԫʵ̧ͷһ䵹û
㿴ǰһģ𣿡
Ԫҡͷ
ǾͶˣЩƢɽѩƵĲ˴ǻ˵ʱ﷢֮ǰ⺢ӾǸС죬õýϲ˭˭˼ƨɺһŸ㣬ǲίˣͱɸϡﻩСްǰˣ
Ԫգգۣй֮޲
Щʥ裬ֺϲЩ⣬Ҳһȥֱ˭˭Ǽ٣˽ʣһɰģҲֻ˸ΰ梸ǰʱпЦǰܹһСʱ飬ҲŻЩȻο
Ԫ۽һȡ
ϧ鲻֪άֶá
˸˳Ĭ֮ʣһԹֵŮ鷿𣬽¶˶߽ôҵ׶ѽ
̧ͷ⺢ӣ͵ǽǣ
ǰȥδ˵𣿡
˸˵Щ޷ථһЩ½һЩһ£һֳԪС
Ԫ̯֣߳ӹݹģµ֡
ӽҽ½㣬ʵغúô
Ԫߺ΢Ӳֶ̯ס
³Ԫߣ˸̣˶ˣþ˸˵߸ҵȻʵˣǰɣ
ϽֿģȫεԪĿ˸£ָס֣һ


48 
, һůϲٰҺӶ׵ˡ
ͨĺڣ, һ, һƸ͢ȴڴ˿пֲʵΪͣдӼŮ͵ǲɢжǧ
ҳʧƣӴ, ϵ˹ȵ, Ҳ, յһ˫ն۾, бб, 
ӼҶգȥÿһ, ⸱ģ, ˵ʲô롣
Ҫ˵ͬ, ûеģ˵, Ҳ̸ϡ
ĸʹĶԹҲĻˣɾ˸޶ȴҪȥ
˸ΪŮ޶˺, ߺ֪ʲôĹ⾰˸֪ܹܲ˳ġ
ôһ, ٵ˸ֱӣЩĲᡣ
ȥգԪѽڡ
ԪǰҹСпôһգһ˻һ𿴳ƻᡣҲеźԪûӻܵȥˣֻա
Ԫ峿ǰվ˸ŶĻ˵һһ䣬εʲȥȥ
ˣ˸ⳤܳʲôӣ˺ԼУǰϲվ͵¶ˣȥɣڰִߴ١
µڰ˱Ͻεʣͷˡ
ϽģһԵ˰Ԫߣȥ
𶯴֣ԼԼϣùţ
оӼֻһŮЩȥõװμ·Ҳʹվ
һҵ·̣ҹҹվȥһվҲͣһվվ׵
ꤳǰʻȥſڳ˸һ·ֱ֣˻
Ԫߴߣô᲻ãǱˣ
ſڴ̧ͷ᲻þ˸֮飬ҵľûгͻ˵ҽһ·еʱദ·˵Ҫ࿴أ⼸۾ͱ˸˰ɣ
࿴᣿ֵľͲǰɣԪߺЦ
ͷҪҲû취
Ԫʳָָؽᶥͷȥ󣬽ȥ
ðɣҲţ˵Ҹ¯ȲصӹϵȲȡ
ʻʷһ·ʻŸȻ⴫һͳСôɣҲǽ뾩
ϳǺӶڶʹꡣ
Ԫʱڣؽʹź͸ؽڶʹ½طҲҪغӶȥˡ
˼䣬Ԫߺͷ겻֪˵ʲôźϧҪСҪһ·ע۰ճ֮ǰͬһΣ
ü𷶵ϻڻʲǰǷǣƺ֪߸Ӽµ£Ϊ飬϶⡣
⿤ЩҹӹŮ֮ԴɱķӵصĴȴûֱӸɫ
룬ƿ̽ͷȥ߸硪
Ԫ߽ߴӷջأתͷ
ӿ˿ʪ۽ǣ߸磬ҪˣͻȻе᲻ãϳ¥һ۳Ǻòã
Ԫüһط꣺һҲ뷶ʹԵˡ
ϿЦſ۽£δЩҲ⣬뿴һ۱㿴ɣڳ¥µȵȶλǡ
ֳ¥ȥ
¥ڳǵǽ֮ϣ˲̤ĽأֵĽ˽³ʾŷС
Ƴ˳Ǳ㲻ˣһҲﾡˣ´Ԫϵǳǽ׵Ȼ¥µŵǸ֪ҿһ۳Ҫã
Ԫ߲Ŀܲϲ˼ң
ȷ׿ԪߵƲ˵¶λҲ̫ϲ
깰ʲǻһսһûֻѳǣ֮һ·ΪӶڶʹ
һ˵õȮ죬ñǻʲĲ˹ʼʺǺĶӣҲǵͬԸ̫ԡ
ڻʲĶ棬ʺ̫ӴȻϲˡ
ѹԪҧ䣺ΪҲϲǶӡ
Ԫ˼صͷ˸˵Сʱϲ˭˭и磬㲻ϲӣϲλ磿̫ӣ
˵˸ðĵ׶ˡ
ôܣ̫ӳҿʮ꣬ʱõһȥֻ̫ӶЩܵöܺðˡ
ţزۣӱСϼ꣬õһȥģĻӡ

ôˣȥƾٰɣ
ߺߣǹȥˣĻӺö겻˵ˣ
˵ˣԪߵͷֳй顣
ûµһۣ˶ȥˣ㻹ƽϳ֥ùӣ
Ԫûӻ
˵ѵϳ¥վɸߵĳǽ֮ϣķһ࣬һһ۴αȣСﳵˮ֯
Ϊ˱֮ܿǰһ۵
¸лظʮĶǣͷǲûǹ¥
ȻԪһüĻرĽڶʹ֮֮궼
ʲô
Ȼһգڶʹǡ
Ԫ䴽㡣
ЦԶҲֻܴ㿴ǣǵĳǽҲϲȥˡ
ǰǽɣǳǽ࣬ʹվҲΡΡȫò
ɱᣬΩĹ㻤ڳѹƵı롣
Ԫ߼ĿԶۣ񿴼ɳ۹ǵĽֵ̤빬ţǽ̮שʯѣܴת˲䣬һлҷ
㿴Ǿ˸ڵĳʷͻȻԪߵı䡣
ǰɺĻȻȥԪĿһ٣˳Žָȥ
ĸڵ˷ǱΰڵʤҵǰļңһС
Ԫһۿȥսȭͷɿ
֪´λʲôĹ⾰ˣ¸пҹǾٰƻᣬر֣ϧˣһҴ֣
Ԫգգۣû
ੲݵŮΪʧƻźţһ˵ԭҹʢ
Ԫߴ¥£ˣʹѾˣȥɡ
˳ţµ߾˺ϡ
ºѾ߾Ĵ󲿶һԪֻʮͬС
֮߹ٵ·ϲ˱£飬봰Ԫл÷ʱ㽫ǰõʳС¯һȡԪ߲ͬʳʿԸ
һδ¶ޣӹǻе㷦ˡ
ҹʱִ֣վ±Ԫչ壬վǡ
ةæӭӼݣٽλ뽫ʿǵŶѱãҹԪѽڣҿЩԪɣ
վҲΪ·Աṩʳޣ´бϾ˽£Ѿ;վǰǮ
վھܸ򿿽ӽ£޽ʮֵԪǰԺﶼ˺ͮͮĵ
ºԪһͬ߽ԺӣȻһϤŮǽҺõȣ
һ㶣̧ۣڼʮ֮ıΰ梴һˬװǰ
ô¾ȵ
ⲻûüŹԪѽڣ

ûǴĻӦùһʢ磬ʱı
»ͷ磬һŶأһ·δ밢梵ʵź
ź֪߿Щһʱ㵽ˡ
ఢˣ
һתȥϷ㡣
»عͷҽҲһȥϷŰɣ
翴۱εıӰֵлʿȥƫɡ
ײԪߵĸ첲Сľɽأ
Ԫ磺
磺
Ԫԭ˼Ƭ̣£Ȼˣҹ빫ͬסϷùųȥһˣЪϢصҡ
ϳȥʲôʧüۣұҹﲻ·ǺôվƹԪء
ǰȥҪߵ·빫һԪ߸ȥһɫҲվʱ࿴Щ
翴۵׵ɫ˵ͷȥɡ
ʱ룬ҹˮ
վ֮⣬ԶԪƻĻĽҰأһȺֽŴŷűɣЪž
ԶѱߣѺŷļľ̳ӣͷںžƣԪѽڣ˼Ҷڳ֣۸缸࣬Ѻʲ˷
ɲǣ˵ʥҲǣӼ̰ôǮһ˵ˣʲô˲ơ
ꡪС˵⿵ֲдڣΪ̣˵׼껹ܶɽ𣬶Сĵ˵ˣ
ྺžƣȵĸ죬һᵹߡ
ӲŶߵͻȻûˣֵһѱϲʡµǣײײˣ
ֲѹ
Щۺ񵹵òԾǲǾҩˣ
ֲĿⶸȻһ˯˲˸գֱ¡
㷶ԸⱣסǵ御뾩ǲð˴ա
Ӳ⻰ס˸顣
ţܹ˵ĥľ桪ΪβȥԪߡ
ȥ£Ԫںѣ߾һ֧ȫûԭֱʡ
̰۾ã䱻סѱԴ˱淶¡
ŷµӣѽҵ˸͸ΪŰһȣȥԪߡ
ϧһж׵̫ˡ˹͵סѰᱨȥ
Ǵ˿̣Щʵڰ̫ˡ
ӲëȻصɴۣҩ˲ǵģǾ͡
ɱǵġһЦڱ
ֲӲȻعͷȥ
ŨڵҹɫһµĽʯһǰһŽüĿǷ
ԪߣþòСү
ӲһȴܣһƨϣֻǱȥ
༸ӼҵĶҲ½תһĻ˹Ƶ
ԪߡֲӵվվǸǰ̧ߴ֣ͼסԪߣ֪Һ֮ǣĵ˲ңŹǣҿԸ㣬һеıǡ
ҪĺӶҪӵΪķ꣬ҪϴͳĶӡԪ߱ŽվסŲЩѾ֪ˣֲбĳô𣿡
ֲɫһףлŷ年֤ݡ
ҪôӶڶʹô㣿ǵʥҪǿ֤ݣΪλվ
ֲһ㡢ʲôҪᡭҪҴӴţҲ޶
ͦг⣬ԪһǣϧҲȱţҲȱֻµ
Ԫ۵һɱ⣬ֲ֪˵Ŀܣŵţȥѥγһذס
ԪЦһνʣһᡣ
ֲذϵδ棬ԪߺȻһȰԽ
ֲ󾪻ͷ˻ߣ
䣬һĨһ
ӸѪӿעĲӣȥ˲ûϢ
Ԫߡʮȼƹڿ㲻ú
죬ֲ˻ţѪ߬ذ׳ǰ
Ԫнһһ춯һġ
һµ˵ۻȥ
Ԫ߻عסν
ѪߣԶžȼյһһռĽεδµŨ֭Һ
һŨصѪⰵڵĻҰ
Ԫ̧ʳָָؽյѪû˶ˡ
Ҳ֪ҹʮ塣
ǻŵҸǰ
δ޶ûơ


49 
Ԫ, 峿һӼű԰֮ʹʹڵ
ڰǰĿһЦһ
, һŲ, ˣ
űһ, һ
̵ͷۣ󾪣Ӵ, Ӽж;, ôı£
۲ĿӼұ´󣬻ҵСӱ´󣿡
̳Ƭ̣, , ʬ, ҲݡǺ, ӼⰸӹСֱʣ
㿴, Ϊˣ
ֲ̰ǺľãСΪ˴󶯸ɸ, ĪΪȥұһսѵֲ
ˣֹһֲָָӶķ򣬡޵ġáӰ
С䵨Ϊ, Ҳ·ˣ²Ӷ˺ʱСѵȥӭǺӶĽ, ʵӢ֮Űӵŭ⡣
ֻǿСıǧо֮, ηԣµھ֮ʱҲδصǰĲŵһѵ֪̫˵ִıأ
۽ӹ̷ϵĲ裬ͷᴵɢ뵵һѵҪָָҪʣҲùʡ
ͬһʱ̣վϷ±ѣתͷߴ齿յֵ̽ȥı졣
梣񣬴
վֻһϷҹ뱦ΰͬ˯һ齣һϵۣ˯ҹȴûˡʹ갢أ𣬹˵˯ţȥ硣
ո·̫ۣʱʵúܣҲûܿ˯˹ȥ
°梻ǲڣű춼û£񴵷紵ѹû
ꣿ³⺰
ű˴ƿϤƤѥż
ˣԪߴ˼ˬķǰ
߸磬㿴ΰ𣿡
Ԫ£¡
һҹȥٶɱ˻ʬ𼣵ı湦ҲŸջվŽԺʱÿƫתŵĶʮ֮ᣬ볳ͷʲôˡ
ܿˡ
ʲôпܣ
ǡԪŵ硣
´˵ɫﴧĦ˴𰸡
Ҿ˵ʮϵķôܴԭ磡۾ȣհͬŶԸأҹﶼͬ齶ˣΰ梿
뵽̾˿رۣҹԭһ˯ģҾȻĽҰվһ˯һҹ
Ԫߣˣôţ
һ§ԺҲѧǣҲҪ˯
Ԫߴһ٣ü˰ɣСѧʲôˡ
ʲôСӴ˵ģ⻰ΰ˵ôܣųҼ꣡
ҳʶԪָؽͷ
Ӷ㿪ʲô۾һսȥˣҹ㲻ڣҡ
ţ
˵һһ٣᣺ô񡭡
ԪߺŶ㿪ıӡ
׷ǰȥ½һ·ᣬᵽйѪζ
Ԫ߷ֻü裬δ巢
ô飿Ԫ䴽ҹŴֻҰãտҰøԡ
ǡѪζ
ԪߵͷҪ˵ʲô
Ҫ˵ҹڣͱΰһƣΰһֻƣһֻ
»ƫͷڴصֻӵơ
ˣûʲôˡ
ѵ̸·ʱԪ߼»˴˳ȥ
߾ű۹۱ǱǹģڡӼﱻϽŲߡ
ٵҲû֣˵˯ʱվ˵ȽӦεˣٸȥԪ߻ϡ
ٴ̤е·½ϰӡһҹվţ˰Ͱ࣬˳˳˰£˶¾ʱڣˮ
ֻ˼С꣬´·һҹ꣬·Ţ޷ͨеĵزֻվ˰գ·ɰһЩ̡
µʱп³֮ǰŵĵطûˣº˵ù¡
һ¹УҲƣڴ˯Ԫ߽ѣԺ˵һѻûͷһʵĶ£˱㱻˳ȥ
žͼԪվһ۽ǣȥñס
¿ݽݵصĳꤣæſϡ
죬Ʈϸܵ˿½ӹɡɡԪ߱㱳սɽʿһҲû
²ŷӦԪ߷˵ҹʿԭ¶Ӫɽͽȥվ
ɽ
һѹ񣬵ͷȥҪҷɽ
Ԫ߽²ӲͣһŽŲˮɽȥȻҲ¶ޣ
ǡҲڷɽ
һҹҲˡ
һ§ӣһ̧ɡأߵɽٿʪŢ·𣿡
ˤ㡣Ԫһ䣬һżץһ·ɽ£ŵɣҪһɽһ·ңƺҲڱ
µǵҪ¶ްɣҲǲС
ɡ㣬Ԫѹû飬ˡ
æɡŲȴһ󱳱ʵˣԪȴȫ¶
أͻȻʡ
ʪˣô㡣
ɡᵲߣ㲻ꣿºɵ
ȾϷ纮ڵ˭
겻纮𣿡
Ҳꣿ
ðɣէůʱڵķ죬һǿסģֻòˣθԼźɡÿ߹һΣӸԪ߲պͲӡ
ɽ·ۿˮ۽Ǻѥȫˮ͸ʼոɸɾδȾһ㳾
ٽ죬ڵִվ
վϷժһĸˬҲżԡϴţɿЬ̿¯ߺ˽
ԡŻˮýĪЩš
վڿشʩ義걸ƫԡûԪҪȥʰһǽ壬ԡ
ߵԡͰһ·ùձǰʹվġԡͰ֮մûù
һ뵽ȵãĺɢˡ
֪˶ãˮתᣬֻʣ¸OO@@Ĵ¶
Ƭ̺Ԫ߻ɾӷԡ˳һĿ˸ģ
ʮڣȫûж´㡪ϴû𣿡

ҵЩõÿɻ֣
͡ҪʸףһҲزס
Ԫ߶һ£Ʋͷȥ̫ˡ
һҲƳۡ
һĬ󡪡
ҡ
㡪
գգۣ˵
ԡͰˣϴˣô˯ɡ
ԡжࣿһ㶣㱳վΪԡ˯þһҪԡ
ûʲôһҪԪһһٴ˯
»ߵͻȻ𣺡ٽű
Ԫָ齣ȥ˯ת˷š
ŵʿԪ߳һ·Զ˽ڵϷѹٽоݵľʱŮǰɽˣЩһֱ֣ǰ˺û˾ǣ֪뿤£ӱ޳߸Ϲ
Ԫ
ҪҪʿֵ̧Ĩ²ӡ
缱죬߷ŨƼ׹һһƿա
ԪߴֻĦ£ʿͷȥ
ʿףҴҲ֮С
Ԫ߳Ĭվһͷ
֮һŮӵľС
Ԫ߼߻ϷƿţһۿŶڴǣһ˵ģ
̧ͷһ
װˡԪ£
ʲôдװˡ⾪ʱڵˣ¾δ§ʲôűôҪҪȥһİķ
Ԫ£ûʲô
ôһ֧ǰʱڴ׵ʱ򣬾ݶ޼齱߸ҵ
Ԫ۽һȣݣ
ѽ㲻ǵ𣬾ǴСҵǸŮ֮ǰΪˣҲþûˡ뵽Ķ˵ĶΪ˺ֻܸأټ֪Ҫʱˡ
㡪ܺã
ȻһãҺʮء
Ԫ߸ڽ±ϵ΢΢һ
ôˣ̧ͷ
Ԫգգۣһ죬ҸһУֻܾһˣ˭
һ㶣˵ʲôˮֲᣬӦڰϸǹľɣ



50 
ô, ϻؼƽСʱЩӱ֡硱ҲˣػƽŮ
²ԵؿԪߣ֪ʲô, Ƭ̺ͻȻ, ˵ٳȥһˡ
, ʲôһµҪ
ձɽԽֻΪиþûҪ, Ҳһ˴ªվԷһ쾪, ǽඥʲô
², û˼һ绮ҹ, ۿһ˲յòҰ, ĸһȥڶ塱ˡ
֪һɪ˶ãһһϣϤ㿿
Զ, ʬˣͷ
Ԫı¶Դû, ׻㣿
ҿ㣡תͷߡ
Ԫ̾˿ⲻǲ𣿡
ʲô㶿
֪в, ȴҪŵ, Ԫ߱˱ۣ£Ľ١
ʲôѽȥ׽ˣ´ӱ, ͷôֿʼ˵Ļˣ
˯
²üＸɻأ㲻ڵʱ, 
ôţԪһۣȥˣ
ǵأҸɡŬŬ°ͣһٳˡ
ȻŮڣעҪУԪߵͷ
ڶҪʽޣ

Ԫ߳ſŴͷȥʽ
ͲǰţҪһţ˯һҹ
ǣʽ
½ƹȥһЩڳ齣ƿ㣬Ҷˣĥˣ
Ԫ߳ĬƬ̣齡
һǣ̿ˡشۣ㲻𣿡
Ԫߵͷϵ£Ҳһô㣿
ȻҪ˯һҹء
ȻܣҪ˯һҹء
»߶߶ʲôԪ߰һۣ˯
תһЦڲĽΰˡ
𣿡Ԫ߱һһͦĽġ
㻹Ľʲô̧ۿ
Ԫߴȥ͸΢𿴼΢ŵĴֱ꣬ϡ
ۿǲס
δ䣬Ǻ¡һף©ķ紵ϨﶸȻһƬڡ
һ鱧Ԫߵ
˿ϷƼû˶£ɽˮһ·ں󱳵ĴиΪӿԪ߻һƫͷ⣬˵˼ˡ
ȥ
ȥ
һͷһ̧ͷִ֪ĺڰס죬ر˺
δƮҡҲһδٶ
ĳĬ䣬֪˭ıϢ籡OO@@񴺳꣬½
Ԫأ̽Űͷȥ
о걻Ậ˺΢΢һ߬ĸȴûˡ
õͨ뺣ʪȵϴһ˽
Ԫߵͷһɨݣһϸϸ̽ȥ
ִ߬ŲŵͷĿѣȺģݽһԡգֽҲȥ
»ȥԪ߶һ٣ɿһЩ
ţãͷ
ѵĿڻ谵Ҳܿյĳ۵׵Ԫʣôˣ
˸£Сϴβ֪֪ˡ
֪ˣҲࣿ
ࣿĵظ֣ԺһŢĻ棬ǸʱһҲࡣ
Ҿð߸ȫɾˡ
ԪĿ΢΢һĬĬѻȥһᣬȥ
ײһ飬ţͷս۾
ӣһһ£Ϣںڰű˴˺Ӧ
߳ܵýֺһըֱֿ̻Ծɱ۲ҿ
ùȥƽº˶˵ȣ㲻£ժ˰ɡ
Ԫߵͷȥ㲻ץͦģ
ǣϹʲôˡ
ԪĿһƿһǱͷ䲢δκĸ
ڽµִǰָ֮ǰ
Ԫһã齡
ͻȻʧȥϣµ̧ͷϡϳվķ򣺡ʲô
Ԫתԡȥȥժ
һҹ¹磬뵢Ұ߾Ϻ󣬼нȥ
սתůȻԽԽ䣬ůʼ׷϶ĽŲ´Ӷͷߵĩһȴ·ڳΪ֮ǰʰʱԪش¡
ĩڽ˺ش;ɽֲԽԽֻ࣬ǺĴ컹δĿȥһƬɪݻơ
޾ͣ·վãڲ࣬Ҳеաžͼһ÷ͼÿ߹һ·ͿһƬꡣ
ۿһ÷ֻʣδͿʱϣǰˣȴҲǿ֮ĩˡ
ݺհ˵ִ갳֮ǰĵڶվرԪſϲԸµأôҽȥɣҲ·ˡ
߾ʿʮòתȥ
Ԫ߰ѽ磬߽վ
һԺӭһмģµĸߺ
Ԫ߽Ųһ١
⾪ϤŮ§ԪߵĲƫͷȥĺɫͬϤףŵգգۡ
ݣ
һװĨؿ첽ǰū澡ū׷ˣ
°죬ԶԶһָϵķ򣺡㡢㲻Ӧ֣أڳ𡭡
ū澵ĩͺˣص֮˵˺׷˹
Ƹպã׷׷һ£´󾪣йţа߸չˣҪʲô
ἰһ
һͷŷԼԪСƵš
Ҳ;ñطļԽعĿ⻺ƫ࣬Ԫߵƣ§֣תԪڽ֣ٴϻأǵʮˣʮȻ顪
ͫ𶯼䣬ԪߺȻڣɷȱδ޽ȥ
ݳɵزÿ˵
Ԫ߱˴ȥ
ɵԭأۿſԪ߼ͷعͷкݣһ·վˣһůů
ͷҲǰжӯݽ㣬ҿ̫ˣһ·վ࣬͹үͬŵģǿȥɣ
δޡү
ĵĬЩۣţһ㣬ȥ
ӣ糾͵ģܱߣ־档
Ҳ˿ףôùźţƫͷһ˫ֱֱŰǱߡ
һŰʣȴԪ߼ż繲һϣǰֻһ
ͷһڣüͷԪҡҡͷҾûĺúȡ
Ϊ˺úȣůӵġ
ǲúҾͺȲȥѽ
ڡ
̾˿ͷССڣӣƸԪߡ
Ԫ߽ӹ룬ͷʣµ
ͻȻ۵һ졣
һ̧ͷ
ԪƤһֵľݣžݣ̧ཪµķû£Ů衣
˫ڳۣһ˿ңæȥ衣
û£ʰ˷Űɣֱһʡ
ݽŲ鸡߹ڽԱߵĳ¡
ָָǰʾȣ˵˵ЩôģǷ¶һ·û֮ǰ˵Ľǰɣ
һ룬ҡҡͷūһжáԥſԪߣūЩ˵
һ㶣ǧȷЩŹ֣ĪǸʲôϢ㿴Ԫߣ뾪ȥһϷ
Ԫۿžݣʽ£Ҫ𣿡
һ
Īգգۡ
˯ֻһ˵ú˯һ
ãˣö强Ҫ˵ء
Ԫߵͷȥɡ
¸һȥϷ
ݸŽȥ£ţŽյĸȳٳûпڡ
¿ıӰŵôˣǺʲôӣǾ˸ĸֺɣ
ݻعҡҡͷūЩ²ף
ʲô£
ΪΡΪλٽף
һ㶣ʲôΪλףҲһֱ𣿲λؾ£ѵҪٵһꣿ
ꡭʧš
ĩص˵ٽ£Щ°͡
һ죬ڲ˼ſٽôԩҺͺãõġ
ֱڶ죬ʰСп˵࿤ٽȤ£˵ܹ޳治ףŲԾ
С˵ǰӵ£ԽԽס㼱˹
ǰʱٽùūôһҲ֪
±ˡ
㲻֪ǰ밢߸˽ᣬΪҶ˱æ𣿡
ū澺¡ǰǰٽԩҶͷ𣿡
۵С۵ߵȻ
¡Ԫߵڷ
·ֲȥ˼ԪȻôȵؽ
Ԫƿ˽۽ֲµͶˣôˣ
ݽӲػعͷȥ
һԪߵ󣺡ã˵ǵǰ˽ˣô¡
Ԫ߳ſ۾ݣʽ£Ůǰɽˣ˹䣿
ݼᶨҡͷһ룬ۿºԪ罺ĶģԼҲ϶ͷգգۣɣ
㿴㣬ʧ䣬ԼôأüżͬԪ˵죬ҽݰѰ


51 
ҹ, ݶվϷ齱ߣ㱵ػŷŵ¡
ſʮĵǰʱпĵԴ, Ȼҿ϶ûеġ
λҽ, ʾҽû˵ͷ, ʧĿܣ
ҽ˵һֿܣʱ˵֮Ϊֹʹù̫ҩ, ҩֶ, ˰
ѵҩȵ־, ȱʧһЩ䣿ɳ˿ٽ£¶ǵġ
˵Լٽ˽ΨһŮ֪, רϸϣֻһ֪£ͽˣ˿ɶ֤ˣ
һŴ򿪵춯, ź꽪ԡ, ԡ˳
æӰ, ֣ū澽ƵģҲû
°֣йأͱæ, ûҽ˵˰ЪŰɡ
λҽҽ߳𣿡
Ȼ, ˽ţƾ϶Ѫ֢֮ǰƣٿɿҽʿˡ
ˣԴһң͹һ齣ǺñҴűʣǳū⣬ɻ֪ٽȥ£
ʵԽԼʧ£Ҳ⣬ϾһʲôпܻɣΨŲɵģԼļ䡣
㣬ĸҲ֪㲻ǵˣĸΪƻ밢߸Ѫʱ밢߸ɸ봫ţŸͱĸˣСȸ߸С˷ĸǮˣһΣȥ밢߸˽ᣬճһϽεʣεˣŸˡ
һ䣬һһ˵ţݴãū澺Щеӡ󡭡
ǰɣ㿴㣬һ˵ӡˡ
ݴۣŵ£ǲǡǲǻ͵߹õ£ٽ͸ϻŹֻ󡭡
۾һϲ㶼
һѣεأ˽˫ƶ
ǣˣûǹЩ飬ǿĸǰǾĹ¡
ôˣգգۡ
ūȥȥ¡
벻Ҳ޷밢߸޳ȥЩ¶ҪˣЪϢ绹Ҫ·
ȥߵ䣬վƬ̣ǽȥʼ
ĸǰΪƽǸ񶾵ƫůﷴǾǱ˹¼ٽΪƣŮ˹뿤ΪƵġ
ƫƽ󣬿һϵѣȥ̫ۻԸ;ξѣһ߸硱μԼ˻
ɽͻϮУɢݣԴײ˳ڡ
ݲţһס졣
ʧ˲ǿ
Ů˹Ĺ£Լٽϡ
ȥûպϹ˸ơ
꣺ݽ㣬·̫ۣմ˯ˡ
ԶԶŽ˯£ĵšüͷ
ϷȻһ͵͵ĳ
һҹߣŶæȥߵ齱һȴ½˫۲δתˡ
ݸϽȥĽµļ򣺡
üͷһ˫ʵۣǰˣŽݡ
ūڣˣ
һ٣ҭɵתͷ˿£ֻ𣿡
ǣ£ûʲôˡҴȥ
Ҳμˡ³飬ûѹﻺμμ˵ĶģҺͰ߸ȥûʲô˽飬ϲҾˣŻҡѾҵڶˡ
ݸĶһ٣Ŀջӣһû֮ԻΣΪЩʵģʵٽ
ôˣһ䲻Ԫ߿ż˽
ݱһס˻ͷ
ƫͷԪſֱۣ߸硪
ԪǰصŮѽ±ϬĿɨ˿ľݡ
һ񣬾һ׼Ŀڣݱ˲亮ëëȻԭء
Ȼһ̣ȴƿȥؿˣجˣ
±Ԫߵͷ
˵ˣζ෴ġ
ΪΣ
ϴκүǶף²ɣԺ˼룬ΡԪ۾ݣŮߺ˼ҹΣʲô֣
ºűԾֻΣģ𣿡
Ȼ
ݶԪߣеֽ߬ȭ
Ԫ߸ʲô֪ʲô֪ȴƭƭ²ѿƭǧ֮ı߹
ԪߵͷŻˣΣǲǺѹ
᣺ǻ˵
㡪ϲϲڵңϲϲڵһ𣿡
ȻϲˡȻʲô
Ԫۿžݣ뽪˵ţǾôĵģҪȥЩѹ顣
Ŀһ͡
ȥɡԪ߳һ̧°͡
̧ۣԥľݣû£밢߸˵˵ͺˣ㲻صġ
ԭؽ˻ҧҧȥ
ֻʣˣĬƬ̣ԪߺȻûͷûβص£˵㰢ѡʲѡ㣬㰢ѡ㰢Ҳѡ㡪ʵҲûѡ
ֵ̧ͷţ
Ԫߵͷ۾ѡһΣһúô㡣
ҲѾѡ𣿡
˵Ժ󡣡
جλجΣô㰲οңҪҰο㣿üͷģһٸģԺҲѡ㣬Զѡ㣡
á
Ԫ߱˻ˣùźϴ˳ȥ
һ̤ţӭ浶һһʵذֱŶ
Ԫһһܿ棬˳һķš
ؽҧذٴκݺԪ˫ָ󣬲һܡ
ݷ˺ݵһδνԪһ·󳷣һ·ܣ˫ʼոδ̧һָͷ
ˣҲ˲ֺ
֪̳ڼ֮󣬾ݴõָҧгݵضסԿкξģ
Ԫ߿ĵ⣬ƤһƣһССŮܻŴӳߵ˿̻õҡΪҶʲôģ
ذ׵΢΢һ
Ԫָ̧ͷ棬ذԶȥΪҷ˵ùˣҪһΣΣԴϲ֮£αطҪ
˫Ŀʧգգۣٳûٶ
֨һԶķźȻ˴ƿ
ذףصתȥŵĽ¡
Цų֣׼ˣ̰ɣ
ĬĬվԭأۿԪǰǣµ֣վȥɫȥֳԥ
ʣг̣һվҪţǾݵĵƻⳡ;һ죬ҹ̲ͣЪֱʻ˹갳ǡ
µһҹϰߵŮڲ࣬ǾòߣÿһҪѣٽû߶ʮһس˯˹ȥ
һ˽֮ʱֵеʱĽֵУٽѡ
ȽԺоԼıۣһϤֵĻƻӴǰɴ᣷ͷǵĸ
¾ɵգգۣƫͷ齱ߵԪߣʲôˣôͻȻسˣ
ϸﲻǳǹ갡Ԫ߳һŬŬ°͡
ȥŷĳ貼޼࣬ݶĽṹӵ״ǲͬģľҲһ
ԪߣӦ£ֻüЩ㻹Ҫʲôպ
ӹһܣŷﻹһˮת֮ʱʪ˵ۡˣǺʱЩ
вԶϸһẉ̂ͷڵĶϵȹΣ䱦۹Ҳǲ׵Ʒ
ױ̨Ҳྫµƿƿ޹ޣһЩõ֬ױۡ¶һЩ̫ϵãǹ갵صƷ
ԭæڶӣʱ޼εΪ׼Щ
죺˹ˡƸҲ٣Ǯٻȥû¶١
ãЩ׺ֳµļҲǿպϡ
ͻȻʲôȵȣǹ갵ˣѾˣ
Ԫߵͷ
˵ôҺúù갳ҽһ·˯ȥˣ
ʲôˣշԪɻȥһҹû˯˯һҸջҲкܶҪٴȥ
صͷմһЩϮʱŮź˯˹ȥ
أĽݣŽ´˿ҲЦΪѵ̾˿
Ƴϣ갳ǽͷ֯ҹеĵƻյ硣
ֵϸ˷װŮٴ䣬·С̯ϽлʳģϷģˣģÿ̯ǰˣȥ֮ӦӲϾ
ֱ߷̽ǡʻ渻¥֮ϣ¶ŶƤ輧㵱ź裬ŮŮƾУִԾƵ衣
ݽ㣬벻갳ǾַҹһҲ䳤꾪̾ڽϣһתͷȴһصӣݽˣ
ҡҡͷĿǰ
ǰԶһϮȹī裬䣬׹飬ɫʴӵųĵޣһֻ뷲ɵ
һԪѵôǳһۣͦεı֮ڷ뽪Ƶõһɾ¡
ݴСſ˽۲ֿԪ߸ǰ·صСʱǰǵӣЦЦ޾Ϳޣ´ŴҲġ
Щ꣬˿ݣ˿ദܸһξ룬Ѿܾûϲŭֶϣȫһ˵Ŀˡ
Σǲǵ治ñƣ
ÿ̯Ҷ뿴ôߵ꣬ⲻҹǵܹһҹԪߵı䣬֮Уò˵֮ǰ֪Ȥ
ԪҡͷҲǵһι
һΣ¾һ˲Ŷȥ㶼ڴ̣ӦҲûлᡭ
ǹȥʮ궼ûлᡣ
ԪĻһע£˳֮ʱżһѡ
Ĵ֣һ·ͣͣߵһŲݱ̯ǰµפ̯б֯ŵӣòݾܱ˻֣Ҫ
̯ʮָɲ̧ͣͷЦ˵˼佪ĵػ
Ԫ߽ͣ˵ܿͱã΢ȵȡ
µͷȥ̯ĲݱƼԱĺͯڵ棬̯ŵӡ
ͷͷһϸϸĲ֦ŵϵʲôҵò֪ڶʲô
¿ӰԪתͷʲô
ڶݱ࡭
Ԫ˵һʲôɫһ䣬Ҫȥ¡
һֻĲݱб֦һ´ڵ˽µȹϡ
㶵ͷһη˶ųĺںɫӣжˡ
һ˲Ԫһˡ
˱ǰȴ񻹲ֻеģ
˾ƵġŻļ̮¥ײԺθһڣŻֱɤۣ췭ظĶһڣ˹ȥ


52 
Ӻ, Ժ
ݺ͹㷲վԷ齱ߣԵĽ
Ƭ̺ɿָ, ̧ͷո·ƣۣܾ֮˯һͺãûд󰭡
Ůɳһ
ԸǸµһյ, Ԫߵ˸ɫ, ȥ
Ԫ, Ż˯üͷĽ£ĬãѹűصǽԷ
Ϸһ, ζ
˵ɡԪбһ̧°͡
һ·ƽÿһζ˵ѪЩ, Ѿϰ
Ѫһ㣬ѪӦѾ֪, άμ䣬ﲻԸ࣬ھͿ˵ı´󣬻ǽܵĴ̼󡪡⼸ʱ׼
ԪƫͷԷķ, ȵӳµһһûӰιȥ˵ͷ֪ˡ
ҹ, Էϣ˫Ŀգ˯֮ǰιһĻĻģɢĻ桪
ֻж֪ĻΪҷҧˣɵʮֱؽֻϵ׽ȥͷϸϸ鿴۵ûܾ£Ƕж¹ھǰսϣҲĸ
ѿ챻Σۼѳǰݣζβȥˣһľսغˣһ̧һʳָˣණˣ
ǰķУһѥȥ
Ŀɿڴؿǣðɳ
Ͻˣӯ񣡡
ҹǿǹŪҵжҪҵж
һˮ硪
һֻУӢޱսһø֣ɥȪ⣡ֵʫˣôһ
ˮЦԪߣ˵˭ø
һбۿ˿˭վ˾˭£˵ǲǰ
ֵ·Ľ
Ӵҵ˭ôᣬԭǶӯǰҡͷָָ㡣
ƿȥһۣЦһҵ˭ôԭǳܼӶ
ٳҲϱƢôܼ޵óȥ𣿿֪ɣ˵ǰЩʥټĵ£Ҫĵָ飬ʱ㽻ãɻ⣬ĵ˵˰˸֡ʱϷԣɵ棡Ц

ӰֹһĿհףٴ֮ʱ߾֮յĲ¥
Ҫ¶Ҳᵱ֣ȻûʲôܺȡҾˣʹǣ̹߾ϣͷʡ
Ӫʡ
ôãֱ˵ʲôˣܸģԲġ
ң¸˿
Ľɽ¡
ɽĽŲԽԽˤڵأץסǰƬ½ǡ
ü۽ޣԼ½ǣһ˦ء
Ӫ齡
һǱأһԴ߸磡

һľл峿ļž
Էſ齱ߵľݺ͹һһ̧ͷһֵһŲ԰׵ͷϸһڿڴ
ˣˣݻæǰ˳
ĿǰŴİͥԺŴϢƽתͷݣĶء
򸮣갵򸮣Ѿٽסˣ𣿡
򸮣갡µͷֱֱԼһ˫ۿնشţ˭
ū澣ӯѽ
ҳӯ˭һץݵ֣ǡù˲յⱻ䣬žһ죬ˤڵء
һŲɿ쿿Էٷˣͷǳʲô£
ʲôҪĳƺ»һʱѪɫƤ૵ǲΡҸԪĶˡ
ݿⷴӦ¶һŵ£جξѣ˲յ¡ַԸ꣬ȥ˵Ҫϴ˶˵֮ȥȻſڣκ˿
䲻׷ʲôۼٴеģҲ֪³˴£ҶʵӦȥ
ȷ˿ǵĶԻʣǲʲôˣ
³ŵ˵ͷĬһΣŰҡҡͷסݵ֣ݣôˣΪʲôΪʲôԪߡ
ǵĸǰɽʱԴĵ𣿡
ºһϣ˾ݰΣҲǸʧˡ
ȵȣʧ䣬ǻˣ
˻ԴԼɽǰǸΣǰһҹڼﲻ֪ڼηǱ
ǡǾҰԼˡ½Ͱ˵һһ٣۴ϡ
ͣٵĿ϶۳˸䣬ģʵģĵԴǰģĵԴġ
ơֱ̫ˣ
ҡҸԪߣҸҡ
һۣԼžݵ֣ǰȴһֻʮָ۵Ļ档
ʲôţһ֡
תۣƳԼѩ׵ĽţֻչףȦĻ档
ŵƵģؽ˱¡
ۿʧأԼ¡ʧءĵطһͷ䣬ƺôҲڲ꣬űһѱԼ
һ£ͻȻʲô˵£һִ̧ԼĴ
￩һ¡
ʮֺһſǻݣҲɾˡ
ݰ˽ӶãӺ󣬽涼ǻں޵ˮץӸεʵء
ΪʲôΪʲôƫƫ㲻ߣΪʲôû˸࣬ûһֹң
ΰ械ҳ⣬˸ҲԸŮɵˣҲ𣿡
µָŶ棬ķ
ǰǸʲôˣôҵģ춷߹켣ķҳԲѷ̻һװʶҡ
ҾȻôôãңҴҹſڴʱ磿ǿ´ѩķ硭²ǵʧķŴ磡
Ϊ˸ף׷ԺȥԺһȺͽӣҾȻҲΪˣһΪ˽ţֵȫ˾֪
ÿȫˡһʱȥΡΡҭ
֪˿Ҫйʹһ˵˵űȥĸıο԰ū澴лؾﶼڴٽǽԵЩҹҲ˵ٽû˵Ĳǡ
ȻңԪ߹ԵΪǧ𡭡
˵ڼԼĴһ٣̧һɨӣҵؿݣʧľѳۣں볤һǧҸô졭
ԸͿ£ֻҪһ仰һǧūãҲصã
ҵȻˣӶˣһ벻𣿡ոᣬһҲȥˣһ˵öԣһǧҲܻأھߣ
һƿܲ˵齡
ݴæ£ûüѣһƿ˷š
⣬ԾݷҪ֮ʮһڣӳһ·ͥԺĶʯ·ٵңԶԺţȫŵ߾
±ⳡ𺳵ãŤͷݡ
æǰһѺ£ţ˻ū澷Ҫ˵ģٽӵ񣬲ò븮ǰӪЩ˹ԸտԺѾŰΧٽأºѻȥ
ΧҸʲô
ңܻûٽӦ֪ʧ¡
ѶϢ̫̫࣬ǿίȷûüȥ˼Ԫô£
ǰɲǵ׷ǰԼǱŮ˹ͷβõԾӣӦһʼ֪ڷ裬Ϊβֱ˵Ҵôãһ裿
شű˻룬㱵ݣôãº񲻶ԣ
˻
ãΪҶ׵ģ
ūٽǵϲˣָԺˣԼ£ƭ
ǰһңһʼʱҲܲҡ
Ǻʱת̬ȣžʱϲˣ
£Żںα˱ۻ
һκ߸磬һֵˣڶθԼѩûиԼ
֮ȥӪΪԼʧԼǸǵǴ˰ķˣʱҲ
ٺٺȥͶҹȻĲ鲻Ը
ֱ
ɫһ䡣Ԫ߶ת̬ȣƺĵڶ죬鷿ö֮󡭡
˵Ů˹˹һöѩɫյΰ壬ͷŮ˹֣ʱϡͿؽöϳԼĶ
öԲġ
Ϊλö壿ö˭ģ
»Ȼһ̧ۣѩࣿ
ʱǳܣĽѩ˵Լܲڿܲ
Ȼ岻ģôӦѩˡѵѩԪ߲˽ã
ѩΪҪ˵ԼܲԪ߼ȻѾãôף
ңԪףѩһ졣
һ渺ǰãһ˷Ĳ壬ɹƭǧ֮⣬첻Ӧеصز顭
Ԫߣ
ԽԽңԽԽÿ£һգδ򿪷봰ӣЩ߾״򲻶ȥȡʳҲ档
þȥ͸͸ǲ棬ߵŸųǰ˵ٷҹϽֳ˲ӣǵٽϻΪá
ˣԪտдܴ̼ҲָˣԲŽ
Ҳ˵µ汻סˣǹԪһأ˵زȥССĸۡȥ
Ϧ£ɫһʱЩ㱣ͻȻ룬ûлָ䣬ջʲô
ĵԪ߻ظҲ˵ȲظȥӪˡ
Ǵ˿ֱ̣ҹȻľͷһڷС
ܾûһЩûͨģֿһӻô飬ʵ̫ƣˣԽôҲתˡ
֪ʲôʱߺȻ˵͵ͽһٽ
ߵ𣬷˿ڵһ֣㽫ʣµĻ˻ȥ󾲾վĻӦ
ŸӳӰĶɤȥֱӣһԾݶ˸ɫ
ݹľ㳯ͷ
±ۣһ
⻳Ҫָ䣬Ԫ߱ڳộȷѾѣɲ֪ʲô
ΨһܹյȨԼļ䡣ֻҪ˵ԼѾָ˼䣬סԪߣлὫЩ˳ȥ
֮һһ
ۣ¿ڳصһ
ű˻ƿԪվż⣬Ƥ
¶ϣӭ̽Ŀ⣬ԼȥĸôЦģһ˿˿ص
Ԫգգۡ
ǽӲһ٣Ŭſڣ
Ԫߣ

Ԫͷȡ
硭ס죬˸̫ص硣
Ԫߣ


53 
Ԫڽϵ΢΢˱䡣ݺ󱳷ס, վ齺󷽣ؿʦĿ
»̧ƤԪߵӵݲ졣
Ŵ˿վǰ, ԺصĿɺģ, ʱտôЦʹί, ߸硱ĸ, ܽгһ֣Ҳá
˵, ܲɵţ
ŬתŽȻظԽ
ǽ֮, õ˫Ƥѥż
һֱΣ˼֡
ˣԪϡƽ˵, ת£ţδߡ
˿æʹɫһɲ¶ˡ
½ӵɫͷԡ
ݣ
һĶ, ҿǶû⻰ӵӲ
ҲףܿһôĶˣ
, 䲻ѽ, ʵ
Ԫԭգ, ǰ˵, 
š
ںżأĴ½µı
ԼܻţΪԹ, ۿǰЩٽǰСˣ˵񵹶Ƶģٿһֻܱĳһֵģֱر𡭡
ҹûþιȥˣٳȥ䣬˭֪˾ȻҡյʾӲ˾䡣
ԪԱ£ļ硣
۽һȥֻ֮񣬴ͷ˿ֺ
Ԫߴֱ˿գ̧ͷüһ
ۿɫĵװѾ졣װɵ£ҪһЩ
ԪֱۣյָϥĦ£Ϊ²ˣ
ҲǣӦòװɵУ˻ס
¶˶ʺ̨ʣ㿴˾У޹ʣԼûʱڸҳȥʱ䣿
Ԫ߳ϥô
졪ʼЩɷԶ㣬Ų
Уȥ㿴ĵط
УҪɳ룬ڳǻʲҳͨ裬ҵ𣿡
ԣ갳ӣȥҪôһҪô˸ű㡣
Σյľ갳ǿӣûлӵģȫǶˣ
еֽ߬Ҫɣ
ԪߣҪɡ
·üͷУһɽ
ԪЦЦһ̧°ͣأ
ޱ飺Ҳ˵ʱܸ⣬ݷж°ɡ
Ƕˣû
ôûô
һӪ߰£еۣԪ̯֣߳˵Ļ
´ۿ̯֡
ûлָ䣬˿ӦðԼַȥĵʲô£Ȼϡ
һԴԺĻε
ΪӳҪôĴ
ţԪ̯һ֡
۵׿˲֪ǲ̽˼һҧһȥ
Ҫָͷ˿ȴܵ
һ̣žһģͬ˸ơ
Ԫߣ
ɽΪģˡûع񣬽¿ǰȥ齵¡
Ԫ߿֮仹˵ľ룬Ŀд̣ܴ㣿
д̣´㡣һ˫ַ߬ǰ˼⻰Ҳ̸ˣôߣһ˵ȥЪŰɡ
ڲЪţ
ôЪ˯ŲŽЪ
Ԫ߿Ĵ齣齽˯˯
۾󣬱ֱƫͷԼû齣
ҷﲻû𣿡

һЩңԶģ׵ļײԺͷһƲͷȥ޺ޱ˱ۡ
Ҫͣ˾ͶԪ֧Ŷǿ
ۿԽͣҲԽӦȥæԲٽ˵ǹģƿ䶼Ъţ
µͷʾ⾪˵öԡ
Ԫ߾һĬĬϥֻ߳عͷհһǲڸܳЩʱ䣬ȥ˸Ҹš
ŶһۿԭأڵʲôĻĴߡ

󣬽´žݺ͹
ͬҹԪ˵ȻڸôĻһ߳ۡˡ
Ϸĸоںâڱձܵίһտ¶Ҫƹֻץʱ
ͽգҪ뿪Ԫߣ뿪갳ǡ
Ԫҹ˵ܳʱ䣬ٳ˵ҪϽֹ䡣
ʻڣһĿԣӱ˴п˼ֽš
л߾ˣ¼ǵԪ߸˵ЩǷԴ˿Ҳܶ˵ʲôΨձ˴˵֣ϼİɱա
ͷܶĽϣ±ŮҪЩһʮǰֺǺǵٷˣСߣ߶ʮһߣٽɸȥĶС˶
ݣҪȥ̳̣֬Ҳţ
ǵģٷ˿Ǿʲôף
´һף㴩㣬ЩӲ˼ҹ˿ţɱߵĶҪӡ
ߵͷһԼж¿ףһתۣ¶һѰ´硣
£
ٷ˽ѵǣٽѹС˵ģСЩˣЦţ¶УٷˣС˾͸һԶ鷳ǣɣ֮ˣЩӶϣΣأ
ԪôǿЦУֻ˵ǰɡ
Щʿ֮Ѳ̹ͷɶѪٽɶÿȥѹҲѹľɽ
ʱȣڴ˷ѡ
¿ۺͷЩ˸ʿ֮°СЩЩһ˦䣬תĬĸ档
ĬĬȥ
־ݣֹ꣬ǰһ·߽һ¥ĳ̣ѣָһȹ˵Ҫԡ
Ůƹæе˶¥
һֱ¥¥ݿڣݺס˽Ų
Ž½һµ˽СңŮƹһöҶӣȥЩźѹ㿤һԣһ˵⣬Ҫһ
ֶԽ˵ūʱڴȥղ
µͷ
ҹ侲ˣҪӾͱӵÿ׼ݣȻ쿪ԼԿݲǧسԪ߼Ȼһ϶׷˵ȵ˲Ķ֣ȵҲܲ˼ƥ
ҹڤ˼룬һ¡
ǰͻȻΣʹż͢ʱҲ̫ҽһͬȥǢɺ¸̫ҽܹʹţһкµĹԱС
ʹű£ųҲ࣬ȴҪ߸Զôһ㣬˵µĹԱ˿̸պڷ·ϣ·갡
һ˵취£ɲɣ˵µĹԱպýյ갣ܻڴ˶һҹ
ȻԼĪֻǸССԱʥǲ˵شĹԱղɱղͷ϶֮أ㹻ľݣҲֻĺ뾩Ψһϵ
һʱ޷ղȥҴ˰˰ӼǴţżԪҲû
Ŀ;ݴӶ¥һԾº󣬽¼װС£żԹ䡪
ôôѴ
ÿһɡ
ɫҲϲ
֪˶ã˵ڸ֮ʱһСʯڴ˶¥Ĵӡ
¿첽ǰ̽صͷһһƥͷڵµССЩ
žӢһ㽵٣¶ݵص˵ͷ
һ̫˳˳е㲻ţֱԼĽ޷ϴصһ̡
²ЩʵС
ȻӶǻĥѵġ
޴ضڴأŬһʹһЩ
Сϴأҳȥ¿ۣһΡ
¥ڵ¿ֻж¥Ҫȥʱôһ±¥ˣ
¾׼λãſ˫ۣʾһס
ӳڴأһ˫Сѥѹһļ¡
һĻĸǰΪٽôߵǽҲΪٽôߵ¥

˵ôһ˵ɲ
Ԫߣˣ˵
±ۺɣƿڴţԼֱֱԾȥ
ڰһ˲÷·һһɲ˷ʲôҲǿ絽ɤ۵ľУսۡ
һ˲оԼݵıνס䵽ϡ
һҵ˹ĸƼ¿ȥмۡ
һ˫ڳ۾
ͬʱǰһ̣һƥճĿײȥľݴ󺰡
ĿۣԼĴ
ԪߣбԪ߻
»һɫ˪Ƶİס
Ԫ߰ЩôԸѻˤˣ
ģˤ
ֹסţֽŵһţô
ΪˣԪߴۿ޵̾˿Сڡ


54 
ԭл緽лŻȥʱ, л黹ΪϲæʵдЩʲôôôࡣ
˵, ŶǸ, Լ, ˵ĵط
лЩ, Ϊлдһֱϲһ˵ķһл黹лһҪһ˶ţû뵽ԼҴθԼš
صԼķ, ϻӴ򿪣ֻŷϾԼ֣
һ, ֵֻԼҸصıʼ飬Ҹдŵʱ, ܸӣҵĿ, 㻹Ǹ򻨵ƵСŮ
⧲ʱ㳤ˡ֪㿴ʱܸ, ҵҲܸ, Ӧʲôʱ򶯵, Ҳ֪, ҵǰ, һһ٣㻹ôС
лܻңо, ̫İ˴Сһ𳤴л鶼ӯԼĺýãӦĺӦ䵱ԼĴһ
˺һ֮лſһ𳤴Ľ֮飬ģҽѡӦ⣬ͽŽ˵¡
ǣӦ⣬ͽŽʦһһӦġ֪֪ʱĺܻңǾ˯һ˯֮£һжҪԼԼģ£ӦýԼ¡
лĻҵ˵˵֪鲻ö˵ҺԼСһ𳤴ļӯӦĵãú˵Ҳ˵лллҲʱʱĸоԼ뷨ǲһ
ʱлޱȵԼҴ磬ֻԼҴģŷ£Ȼ˯һ֮ϸ˼¡
ڶ죬л緽ȥлŴĽлҲͬУл緽ֲ֣лȥسǶϰ˵ġ
һ·л緽л죬֪лĵľᣬлѾߴԼԼ֪Լҹ£ǲ֪ʲô¶ѡ
ɽׯ棬һ˴л緽лӦĸϽǰ
һصôżȻܽţĿŬԼлʱ򣬾һ³ס
£Ȼ֪л鲻ֻΣãȻ
ȻӴ֮лŵݸȻ૵˵ʦĸԲҴûЩҰӦĵ翴ǣӦ˵ǵֶӿ
֪黹ûпϣⷽ룬˵֮ǰûЩڿ룬һӦĴСһ𳤴ӦĸĸΪ˺ƣԼҲвŻ
ߣȫȻԼ飬һƬ֮ģ뵽СлȻסˡ
룬⺢ôС¶ԼΪ˵飬ԼĶȥ
ţûϵֶ֪֪ӿģ
ȻΣȻܲ鰮ȴܸܵѹĶ£ھϥϣԲʦ
İԼȣʵ˵㻹СأöԲӦѾǴˣԼ뷨޹ء
Ӧķҵл緽˵л緽̸лݵл緽̫һл緽򵥵֪лΣա
ԺһѧǲϾҪҵˣ
±ҵмµġӦĴк棬游ΪʲôôʣԺԼ游֪İ!
һЩǰҵԺҲǣϲŮˣЩ˶ǰ֡
緽ȥһ£ȥ˵ЩȥæǵģһԺҲвٶ겻оˣŵˣҲкüȻȥæ
룬ǧñһʱԼҵЩ˶飬Ƿõʱ
ܵⶼûȥزģһȥҲ٣ûԼ˻ǲããδ˲ٵţȥ˴ˡ
ϸϸл緽ȥлôŵģл緽ϸ˵ܹ֮һЦ
ˣǼȻдŻǶ˵ʲôյϢˣȨ֮£Ķһ١
ӦҲЦ˵СʦһƬϣһϸܵǰ˶ķڷ飬ӦöԸȥͶʦ塣
ҲЦ˵ҪŬˣӦøӽǣүү㵽ʱǿСǿһ𡣡
л緽ĵʵӦδ㣬ӦĵңǾǵвٴҹ㣬Ӧʹˣɲٵˡ
˵ֽȥ˵лҲףٵˣһ˹סôһ
л緽һ߶ܺӦĵȴȵףһʼΪл緽֪Ӧĵ˼ô˵תľܾ
תһ룬л緽Ǻܻ˼ˣ˵ȻĲ֪£⣬л緽֪ܲл緽ı֣˼ˣһʱ֮䣬նүʲĸл緽˵Ż
緹л緽Ŵл뿪
Ůߺ󣬾ŸܺӦģĸ¾ͷ°ɣ⣬ֻǰ㵱ֶӿ
Ӧתܣܾ׷ȥͼԺͣ
ǰȥĸϵ鶼ʮȫʮ
游֪ĽֻѹСʦдŸңȻطˡ
˵꣬תԼԺӣˡ
Ӧĵȥӣһ̾ĸոܳȥʱҾ룬׷ȥˣҿûôۡ
ĸ̫£СͻΪ룬ԸҪίġ
죬ܲϵţʦʦǶɺãԵúã˯ú𣿡ųǵǰʱ򣬾˵ӦûԵ֣Բʦʦͽ˽һΣӦкӺŮм䣬ѡ飬Լ¡
ʦʦҶɽͽܸм㣬ܳʦʦߣͽź
л־䶼ѯʶϵ壬ԴʲôöԼֽͣ϶֮뵽ԼŮεĿЦǼһϱǷծˣⱲӶԵ
˵ʲôأ²ܳɣʲôϵСûԵְˡ
˵յлͽܣƽˡ
ҪǵʱǳѧͺˣüӯȥǾͺˡ
Խ˵Խˣȥѧкôģ˵ĸ˺ܶ࣬ǼӯҲѧ١
ͷӣ֪ʲôԼ˵һ䣬ܽһ䣬˦ӣתȥӦȥˡ


55 ˫һ
Ц, ôأ¡
ǰô, ¡
һ, ˵ʲôأ
ֱֱԪߣоԼ̯˴£˿һŽ, ôҲ
һĿⶢס, ˵˼е㴭ˡ
ƣӿڳԶʧ
Ż, ʮƣΪϼơ
Ŀ, 촽Ҳͷ˿Ҳ, ֹס, װ͵˼㡪ʵҲȷʵ͵˼㣬һ˦תȥ
ݴæ߽, ͷȥš
Ⱥ£һɲԪᳶѹƽĮȻ´
, أϢã뿪Ķ
ݳȥȷۣùغ, ͷ£ô£
һƣʾ룬Ŭ侲ЩĪĻһֿϸ롣
ɾģֳֻôϲ
˵ԪһֳΪϲֳ
ҲԣԪֲ֪£һֱΪĻԴ֮ϳԭϲˡ
ΪΪ߸硱ֳ֪ʲô˽Ӱ
Ĭһ仰ôϲϲҸݣ˵ûĻʲôֳô
ٽ˵Ƥңѵ˵ֳģҲֻϲֳ
ǡüЦҿƤңϲֳĳ࣬ϲôˣֵҲвͬһ˫Ŀȫ֮Ҳڷֱ治ˣֵܲһģ̡
ЦһͣȻеһ󱳣һ顣
һģ̳ģҲûпܡ̧ͷ
泤һģһٽֳ˵ͨˣֻôһѵǡ˫𣿡Ҳɴۡ
˫ӡ²Եգգۣ˫ӣΪδҶ֪£˽Ǽ˵ģ˫ʲôá
ʯһɲ߻һЩģĻס죬һ˵й˫ӵ¡
Ϧ죬شΰ梺Ĺȥü˵һұŵԭ򣬵ʱһ˫йصľ¡
˵ǴԼʮǰ΢ʦҹԤһ꽫˫ǳȵ۱նɱһٹ³˫ӡ
±ֱӣԪ߽꼸ţ
ʮ꣬
ʮ꣬ʮǰ
´˸Σɫɷ׵طסƾ
üֻ˵˸ԼʱȷܸܿպǺϣ˫ӿɱ˽ӻҪˣҲǺˡ
ܣȫǶû֪ô֪ԪΪʲôΪ֪һֳϲֳأ
ֻ֪Ԫһ
»Ȼ̧ۡ
ˣֻʶԪһӣᣬҲϲԪߡ
ԣԪΪϲֳԪߵܵΪϲֳϲԪߡ
Ҳ˵վǰ˲Ԫߡ
ǹȥĸǰ˶ԪߣԪߵܵܣ
µһƤһһ
ѹ֣˵ΪʲôоԪߡԼѩ˽顣
Ԫߺѩ˽Ƕ֮ܣԪߵĵ֪ܵܺܿܲ顣ö壬ⶨȷи¡֣Ϊֳ˽
Ϊ˲¶ڣڶŽ˻ȥͼסֱܾ֮ѩһ֪Ūˡ
˵պָ䷢ֶߣϸףɴཫƭ
»ס졣
ݲ֪ȥ飬һͷˮôˣū澣
´ػ⼸µ֣ιȥŵ£ݣһϢһϢĸ
ʱкϢ̫ˣݺԥ𣺡ūϢ
ϢǣЩӲûкԪңҺ񡪡ͬңֱ̧˸һƣôһ㡣
ǡЩӺҵǣ
Ҫ˵ĻϢˣһնһ˫ۣЩӺҵˣԪߵܵܣ֪ܣջһ㣬ܾҪˡ
ޣĪ˵ϹݸϽɢⲻĻŰˣ᳤࣬꣡
ôù㼪𣿿ĵԴˣպý跢ȥһͿǰǸͿȻãºˣһͿһͿͿѺͿȫꡭ
ԣ쬱ϥͻȻֵ̧ۣ֮ǰһΪҺãЩΪסǼҵܿôֶΣô𡭡ԪǶģֱֱܼܵǿ
ԺͿֻң˼ôһһףģ⽫ƭ˳ǣұ˶ռˡ
ݣֻǹȥԴѣڿ϶һƲ¶ˣѵʱҲ
˼ҡҡͷŲ¶ڣô¶ڣ
ǣ
һָ֮Ϊϲֳܲ˶ԼϲˣѾ֪Ԫߣû˹˼˵Щġ
ô˵ԭ߿
⻰ô˵˲أ
ݣʵָԺҲδزµԭԪߣలµģǶһٺ
˭˵ģôһˣ°ֱ˵ЩҲµˣҶµʧˣ벻ͽӽ𣿡
Ϊѵѵãƭƭˣ
ֻ˵ҴǶԵģƭҵȻǴش²һƾһ˫ӣңܹܵƭҡң
Σǻؾˡ
ǵδأ֮ǰ֪ΪʲôߣڼȻ֪ˣ֢ҩˣĥŵ͵͵룬롭
һһҹ
磬źϴۣһ۾ôˣ
µȷһҹûۣƣԴȴûϢһ۾Щ߰飬ò˯Ƭ̣ȻεԪߡǱԪ׷ɱ˹
ȫˣȥ£ڲ֪֮о˶ٴοһغΣգĿݣΪã¿ܲںܵظ
ôһ룬һЩϵġ
ЩЩˣܺ𣿡
ͭƣҪ֪ҹһֱ취Ϊһҹأ
ѶϢ̫࣬һʼûȫе£˯ͻȻʶԪߺܿܲˣȷʵЩӡ
Ǻˣɾûк޵Ҫ뵽Ԫ߿ڹȥĳսɳҲ㱣ӢۣһȻ;ʱЩԹƮƮģΪˡ
ôһ룬л῭̹ҲˣؾԺҲ˰ɡ
ңЩҵ
е꣬ڿһҹ̾˿ž˫ۣͨȻһ֣ҲǲΪһҹ
˻⣿
룬ԪߡΪʲôߣҸ淢ǼиɣҲ淢ǲǾܷŹˣ
˼ǣٽȻΪϲֳͽƾͼơ
˼˻ö⣬ڰ֣ϽֲЩ׼׵ȥӪ֪򡪡Ҳ֪ʲôȥ֪ڵġԪߡ˵л
ߴӪʣԪ߸ɳǰº˵£Ȼһ
Ԫ߻ͷǸˣ̾˿ˣ
ٽǵģٷ˵лظһˡ
Ԫü˸ʾ֪ȥԼȴվԭûתº衣
º豻ƵùŹ֣صӪȥɣбְء
ҵĵӪ
ԥʲô
Ԫһ֪Ҫܣ㲻׼
վŲҲûʲô׼
׼׼
ŶºǺһЦԭˣǱְһ㶼׼
磿
硪ºָϥǣصĻϥҪְ׼

ԼðɡԪ߳ʣʿǣ
ԼĪʱ󵽸ֱȥԺ
ɫѰԺ˵ƣͥԺһƬãֻǲ֪ιʣǼԷȴģδ˸Ƶ̽
Ԫüڷߵ£Ůһ˫ƿš
ɥİӳԪһŶżߣ̧ͷ
ӰһŹϵ򣬰˼ƷһֵλǰһطֱͦͦϣڰسϾ㡣
Ԫżϵѥӳȥ
ͷֳϸ㣬Ķϰµһɤۡ
Ԫһ³㴹ۣĵ
ԪߣΪԹһʹͶ˼ңĪĳڽҵĽùȥܵƭȣΪı·ѽ֮ΪԼ֣
Ĭ꣬³ߵΣݲϸ¯
ϸһ̵֣á˻һûü˦֣Ȼֻһץ
һ̧ۣԪ֣ɿ쵧ֱңôϸҲܡ
˵һ룬ǸоͻĽӲԪ߶һ٣̧ͷ
һ˫͸˵ģһһҹۡ
Ŀ˸£ֳ˻
æȥȡҩࡣ
ԪƲͷһӰõ£ǽա
֪Ȼ֪£Ȼòǽôɣֻҹ֪ˣձ㲹һμ졣
˵Ҫ˵ĻҲôһ˼ķΧҪ¶ڡ
Ҫ˵¡Ԫ߻عۿ
Ȼһָų˵ɡ
ڳ£һһϥ
Ƭ̣˵һĻҹ֮ǰƴӳȥȻҲˣҲż뿪ˡ
ĵطһߣһܲҲɣ
Ԫתͷû˵
ɲصҳȥԺҷݣ㿴ܻʲ谮Ϊǻʲһߵģ꣬ҰΪ˻ʲĴҵҰҲȥˣΪҶԻʲûйԹ𣿡
Ԫ̧¿
㿴ʲңôһЩΣΪ˿ΪʲǧǻگǻʱķǿʲΪλӣη͹ƴ֮ԼҰôңҾǸõӣûʲչʵ£øĺ֧֡
㶼֪Ԫۡ
ЩԪȻȫֻȻϣվһߣȴûͻҵĹϵ
˵ڽٻҰοôһЩܻῪһЩ
ԭ֪
Сʱ֪ˣлʲٳȷʵܺãֺαЩӹş֧̌ǣҽ˵Щֻ㣬ûôݻʲһϲˣҲѡʲһѡ
Ҫѡˣֳ
Եܲѡһεʱ򣬰ǰѡ񲢷ͻңֳͻҡ
ǲңֻѡû
һ֮ǰӳȥֻΪݣҹ侲ˣҲȲѣǾ͡㱣ܣ뿪ǶǷ
Ԫ䴽Ƿ
ôЦô}ˡ
㲻𣿡¾ЦеһЩȻˣһļĸ߾ﻹĵ֣ҲẦǵģ
ǲǡԪ߻͡ˮѩ˵Ļ㱣ڿԱһļˣ
ԣˡ͵صͷ
ԣΪ˵ܣӦȫ飬뿪
˼
ԪԽż£
ֳڵϣȥȻ⼸׼̫խˡ
㲻ұ¶ݲȢң𡭡
֮ǰţҸˡ
ۿԽԽǼⶼǼ⣬ģˣС촽㡢ȥú˵ǿҲֳá
ԪգգۣͷΡΡĴֳúýȢδʲôôˣ
㡢ˡϻдֿԪߣ㣡
ҵģңҲԽԪߡ
ǼҺְᣬ㵽ôſϷߣ
ôϷߡ
һйȥ
Ԫֱһᣬһأһذ׵ڷк
£Լ˵һңҪֽŵġ


56 
ŨĶȾΣյϢ, סķ֫ȴͬʺ˶סº󱳽۵Ĺ, ɪɪǷ
⡰áõ˻谵ڲԼȻɫ, ȡһһ, ǰ˵ɭɭĻտֲ˹콫Լˡ
ǰǱʲôɱ˫, ûôأ
ԾÿҪǻ֪Ǻ»ֻҲбʲô֮ʱ, ۡ
Ԫߣ飬ɹܹ˵ĵܵܰɣ
ĵȴȥ, ҲûҲû꣬һ۷죬˫һ˲գضԼ
ǵ治ϷŹˡ
ԺﶼãҲˣ
ƭ˷ʲôģ춼ȥּаթƶˡɥĲɥ»˿, µظһһоӦĲɣ
첻Ӧ, ԼӦԪһˣһƿǰµһһ, һᣡ
ۿᣱƳһҪֽˡ
ۣһžȡҩôһ漱һ߽űߵİ
ȼŵᣣ˲
Ԫһɲ˻𡣽³ûɿѿܣˮ
Ժ߾ɱǰۼٷ˼򿪷ųٽ˦ŻᣣһȺһӿȥæ
һӿȥһվסһһӵżϡ
⡢ʲôڵĳ棬˹
ɸֻٽٷλӣö˶ڣѵٷٽֱŤٽ˸ã
Ԫ˻һᣣ̧һ˾㤵ɫ˺Ľ£ٷ˼׹ʣ⣬ȥɡ
¸Ͻ˶ȥ
ʲôԪߴһ
һһ٣ͷȥӿ˽Ųû߳Ȼһᣬһֱֻ۽һѿ˼ͷ
һԴſͷεӶˮôΣգҹҽȥǡı
ˮȻܴˣΪ˿Σ룬ȥҷסɡԪ˵ţ˴ȥ
Ӻ󣬽ͽ͵ߴ󣬽ƣҵرԪԷ齡
һڿڴϢһԪ߽ź䵹ز֪ҵʲôֱϥ˫˫㡣
Ԫǰһק
ųһǻͷݺݵҪҰңҾ͡
ֱһ˵һһ٣ɪŴȥ
ȵָմҩͿĨֱµǵӡһȦȦشתԪϥǰƤô
һǺµĳҭĬϡ
֮ǰȰͷҶˡԪޱ˵
Ѿ¶޶Ŀװʲôˣ
һѳ֣ҪܣΪ֮㣬ʹҲĸԸ
ԪĦָҩ࣬ϥ˳ǣĸԸһԸ֪֮˽
ҵȻ֪ˣ
ȻѩĹϹۿԪߣһɵŵ竣С֣صزڲյĴƿһŲŲĹΪ𰸣ͷ¶ǰõ˸塣
ȣҲԸȥһۿõĵˣλ˹ԪߣһղżƤЩʶ
֪ôҲ߲ɣοգ
Ԫۣν̬գգһͦظΣҽϲ˭ҵ£ֻҪֵϲұһԸر
Ԫ
һ㣬һ̧ۣ˵ļһץ齱ǹҩ࣬š˲һšϸӣתȥ
ҩ֮󣬱ֳһͷĬƺòᣬһһҧȻ߹һۣͺñϵ¹⣬
ֱ࣬Ҷ˼ҹ룬ʱ޿̲ȻǾòʵĵɰᵭȥɫ
ҶϲȾ꣬һģһƤҷǰҡмһˣ޶ԣ
һ죬һ̽ͷȥͷˡͷ
߲ɣǾʯ٣
ǡʱűߵ죬⴫һٽˣٷ˵Ůǵ˴ˣ
һǾȡҩԪ°ߣ˼ˡ
նʹأ㲻ҵŮżؿԪߡ
Ԫ߻عǰ˵Ůҵ˴ˣ㵹Ůȷ
ȻǴ򲻹ǵģӲӲֻԼæȥ߾ݣ겻ΪģѾ뵽˶Ըٽơ
Ԫߣ
˺
ʿһԪûзԣæȥǣٷˣ
½䣬أŵĻ磺ȻҪ㷿ҹҸ㽲ֳĹ°ɡ

ԪߣҲȤ
Ľֳ꣬ݸʼܽҹлһԳ㲻ȤҲҪ˵ҵ֣ҵĽţܲסҵġ
°ͺȻһ𣬽һҭͷ
Ԫҹܲס𣿡
²۽ޣȻǰô͵ģ£졣
Ԫɿ°ͣӱǻ߳һתԡԡ㡣
㻹ǸͦɾĶˡ
ϣԡﴫˮ
ԡɣ
ŴסˣעȥȻʱ磬ҹһδߣհҲŰ취ЪϢƬ̣ߵˮ̲ס
ڲ࣬ô˯ȥԴҲ̫Σˣֲ֪ʱԡ꣬ƤʵЩŲסˡ
⿴˿£齣һͷͷʹƵǰĴʣʰͷİţһҽĻء
Ȼϣסʣۡ
齣ضǣʣֻҪŴʣͻᱻ
д˷£Ŵ΢Щˮ˯
ԪߴԡһۿЦԷǵһĻżǰһվסƲͷ֪Ц
ĬĬᲽǰ˿أһͷ棬һԾ齡
һͷʳһΰŴʵ˻˯òʡ¡
Ԫס󣬽ʴ
ʧȥ̣һ
а⻬ڷ򢣬ӯǣԪϢͷȥһطĵû˽üƽոҲ̺켸֡
ĿĴϾһԪ߰ƽϣ̧ӵԴƽͷĳг̾һ
ڼֳ飬Щʲô
ȴƺ̫µӣüͷض˶ת˸ɣֱۺȻһѴ
Ԫߺһϣƫͷȥ
ԹѰҸʵ˯ˣԴֶȣϵּ
µ˼ԪһץסֻҶ֣ۿĬĬ˰סԼš
ڰ
ϲƣԪɤƣˣѵʱϲˣѹֲǲǣ
ԺѣƤһз۳Ͽ
Ԫ˵һɿһЩڵȴļꡣ
ȴֻǳüֽ۱˻ȥסֹʲôҺ𳳡
Ԫ߽Ӳֳţһһ̽ٴϡ
һ˲͵һͻȻѹ񣬼˹ƵĻ̧ͷ
㡢㡭Ŀؿ
Ԫ߾ȶ֡
ҡôܡƫͷ˿˴˿޷粵ƣһɿ֣һ³
ԪƽţֱԺüһ˵ҵƤҲмһˣ޶ԣ㱧ͦĵģٷˡ


57 
һ˲, 𷽲źԡˮ˯һ˯žλضԡҹԺΪԼվ
ƮƮȻ, ͷ˿ҲԴַ˶ѣ

ٳûٻװ޹ˣ˵ʲôȶ֣㲻ƿ
ԪƲͷȥûƲ
һָ齱ͬķ£
û

˵ˣͷ۵ط϶ǣһһҹδ˯, Ƥ, ˯ҪӮ˲˯
Ԫ߿۵׵Ѫ˿ֱ, һ, һָʾ˯Ӯˡ
һ˯, ǲҪֶţһء
ֽţ𣿡
Ӻ, µͷԪһϲʮȦĲŲͷݺݴʮᣬڷһմ˯˸ڵء
峿, ±һ֮ѡ
һ, ޴վǰ, ɨһƬǽӣٽҹ۸𡭡
, 齲ˣźǷֱջȥû۸ҡ
Ϊ˹˼ū澲˵ʵݼ
˵ôʵ
ͷôˣ
ϵġ
ǡⴲôҲ˺ˣ
ΪûаֽŵĲ
ȻҰ
, Ұ
һɵһ룬ʲôԾȵȣ˵ٽסֽţ
ǰȻôܷ˯ִ˸Ƿþݱˣû˯أûڡ
ɡū澼Ǻֺý߳ȥѽ
תͷգգۣǿ϶˽ɰˣҿǴʮأ
ū첻͵ſˣٽû˽
»̽һƼǶѷ·ǱֱϵĲ˾ݷŵǿ
ʮȦʮᣬôһ͡ˣ
Сأ
ݣġĺÿ¡¸ŲĿڣ˯ȥˣǻץ취ؾɡ
¿ɻʲôӣ
˼Ƭ̣˶񣺡ȥѵգҪ˸ƽҼһؾһἰܡ
Ӧȥհ졣
һʱ󣬳ǽߴӪԪڼ߽ӹºļ飬ŷż㡣
Ϥ𻨼ͬϤּǰ½һ򸮵ÿһһ
ְţٷ˵ӣֻǽ˰²ܼҪÿոдһţǧֱվãһֱƽȷɣ黹üģĻְ㰲¡
º˵һ룬Ԫż߬£ż㶪ȥһԡ
ˣºСͷȥɨ˼ۣⲻ߶߶˵һ·ļţʲôٽ
Լס
ˡӡҡءˡס
㿴𣿡Ԫ߷۵ӡ
˵úɱһЩƵġ
ºǺЦٽ棬һʶٷ˵Ĺƣ۾Ͳˣˡ
Ͷղʧܣʧܣдͷʧ֮󣬽´ڸһĪչ
պԪվæŲ˼ңҲûطԺһƬԡ
ݺ͹絽Ȱȥ߶߶
ţһšȱȱ
ݣ취Ҳһȥͷ߻ʲôأ
꣺ûһջ뿪͵ɽˮô̫ˣ
˿Ȱţ磬ǳ˽֡
յĽУ̯Ļɸ࣬겻ɢظǸߵʿҲûʲôι䣬Ů沨š
Ҳ˵أ֮ǰϲȥһָŽֶ̯
˳ָȥһѩ̯ǰԴ׵£˵ڲϲˣȻע⵽̯ǰվ˸ԭɣһ˹ĵԲۣ޳ݣ
¶Ųۡ
볤һǧĹ갣ô
Ƴþˣ뵽ѩ࣬㿴ֳΣ
Ҳſ˹ȥ𾪵ôǡ
һѾݵĸ첲
ݷӦоǵǵĿ⣬ȥǸһˣǹȥưɡ
µͷŮԽȥԽԽԽԽ
Ȼ֪콵갳ǣȻˣˣ
ϲżӿ˽Ų̯֮ңʱȴνӹɵˣǮתˡ
żؿҪˣಽŵס졣
ȥķ򣬽Ŀ˸¿ȥһһָϵ̯ӣףǶģȥǶ
ŮŽߵ̯ǰ
ֻ̯ʻɣɷڴ˴࣬ɫ
ʹãҪߴģ˶ԣȥ𣿡
ˣ¸ʹ˸ɫһɫ
㣬㡣ɿĵؽӹݵȥĽҶӡ
ԶӰȥԺκסᲮڡæ
ƮԶͷͣ½Ųͷ
ƳһĻ÷ɿ죬ϼ´ţֱγ߲ԣβǰ
ߵ˽¸ǰ
һ߰νƣֵλҵĳӣǴˡ
ɫ΢䣬ὣȴδ¡
һ㶣һҾΣǿԺֻͬкð
££֮ӣٽѴ̡
˵
ṫ˺пʲô
ǹﲡ˰£ú˵Ĳһ˳ԶţֳıʵҲͱȿٽ̼գЪϢٵŰݷǡ
ԭˣѩӦΪԪߡ
Ԫߣ飬µĵܵˣ
½ŵһṫӿɷ񵽰һ˵
ʲôҪףֱ߲¥¥ż䣬꽪һҴææĻȵ
˵˶ûһʱҲûīֽ⣬Ͱ˵ģ˲¥дżӼȥ׵˼Ҿ˸˽һȥһ˵һ۲Ų¥¡߿϶ȥӪˣ֪жʱ䡣
ڳʱֻֻĿȸһο˻ţ·ÿһ仰˵һ䡣
ֻѰٽֲ죬ʲô£λ𷽲Ž´ע£ǸʿƱʵ·صļƣŲ²ٽòὫˣ
е߬
һԾʹɫʾ˵ʵɡ
ĳĬȥ߬һЦûУңֻЩ죬ѰС£ҲѾ¶ģذæ
һ˵֮£㲻ٶʣĬĬãˣֻǰ˰Ӽǳ͢ղ鲻ãҽҸ壬ֻɴİӼ
µͷֻҪܹ֤֮ż˳ִãл㡣
ǣ²˳٣ȥ졣
Ŀ߳¥ǱŵһɾȻɢˣڲǰȥ˴
վڱżΪβʵȫ̸֪żٽҲõģòлᴫţ͸ýٽĶȫ˵ʥϳ棬Ƕصȵүӣʥּһܻؾˡ
¾һΣͷૣ֪̫࣬Σա
żͻȻ˴һƿ
̧ͷˣһվ
ڽǰ
ԪһſżƤѥһأÿһȵͷ
Ͷɪ¡
ԪߵǰվסۿյðĲ裬һô뿪
һݣͷ뿪ѵҪ㵱һһ𣿡
Ԫߴû˵
˳Ŀ⿴յεĲ裺㲻Ϸߣֻܳ²ߣϢӦѾͳżܲˡ
ƫҪأ
¼ö˶ţҶ˵ˣҲ˵ȥ˵žõĻᣬʲôҲû˵ΪʲôϷŹң
Ԫߺᶯ̧ͲΪϲ𣿡


58 
µߵһضס, ľȻؿԪ, գۡ
ϰ䳣Ϣȵ˴˿΢΢ӲһߣһűµĹ
ιȥ½ͰͿڣĪĪ˭ϲ˻һ, ðֽв
һᡣ
Īֱ׳
⻰˵, ͻǿŮȥѹկ˵ɽʲôֱ
²˼ؿֱһ, ĿŻŲߣ˵, ݣ, ߣ
˵һ֣Ů˲¥
¿ڸ˶ż, Ĭ, յ裬ͷһ
صԺ, Ų
쿪ΪΡ㹻أȴֲ򹫲ˣδǰϤζﲻ, ˡ
ŮҲһĵ˽
꣺ݽ, ٽᵱżɣ
ҡҡͷӦᣬ, ֻ˵ֲؾףٽΪôһŴ󶯸ɸܱ꣬¶׮±Ŀ, ǲġ
ˣ˻ǽŵѰ
ֱɫٽƵʱ֣һԼС
˲ЪϢһվŮŴ̽ȥϸȷסᲮڡƺǴ򸮺Ժķ
Ҵææ˹ȥߵŸһ˫Ƥѥ·ꡣ
һ̧ͷͬѭԪߡ
Ŀһһڿе㽻㣬һ˲󣬽һȹڣɱš
Ԫߴǰ׷ˡ
ûܵģһ¼һ򣬽̨һ
Ԫ˸Խüһһһѷסˡ
ץСۣδ̧һŮӣ㣬ʤ֮䡣
ԪۣһŮӣִ飬͵úܡ

ĪҪԼҺ࣬ͬ飬գܣݹˣ

۵СƬ̣˸Ʋͷȥ
һˣһ½֣һãҴһͬȣ˭˭ƾ¡
Ҳ֪˭Ҫ֣Ϊ˷Ŷˡ
Ԫ߳ԭأֱ
·˼Ȼһ˦֣첽̨ףε˨˳ȥ
Ԫߣ
ԪߵͷԼ˦֣ЦŸȥż
һż˽Ųһ١
ⲢεӰֻһŮʦڸǰһ١
·ϼһŮŮʦҵһ٣̧ͷԪߣֿ۽£ٴӵŽʩһ񣺡λūҸ仰˵Уľ
´󶨣һЦųŮʦлһһԪתͷƺϢľȤӡ
Ҳǣεͳġ칫Ȼ֪ԼûΣ˾ϻһ
ڲ¥Ӧô󣬺ʲôҲû
ǿ˼ԪߺЦһδˣһδޣдŸҲԡ
ԭȨһ֪ŷɣ̴ȥˡ
ôʵ˸㲻ңһָָͷ죬ɫ磬ϿȥдŰɣúġǰδ顢򡣡

дĳƺأһӺԺ鷿ºվ鰸߸Ԫ߳ıߡ
дʲô
ͨϱҪңֺֻɵʱ򣬱ְд

ͨһ£д˴
Ԫ߳ٳûʣºĳٽҪƣٷ˵ṫӴдúүõŻ룿ǿ϶뵽ٷдˡдιһأ
Ԫ߳һ±ȥ
ºοؿһһʼдţһ߶߶Уձְٷ˽лȴûнҷ˵ȷԴӸʹ˶ԴҲԸѡ
Ԫ߱ʼһ٣õ㽲˵õġ
ȥְǾüȻٷģ˵ʲôˣ
Ԫ߱˱ۣ侲Ƭֳ̣֮ˡ
Ǳְ˵ôһζǹǽأ˵ٷʵǸ֮ˡ
ôˣԪۿֲǶҡ
ҵٽ⵶춹ĵ˿϶Ӳְλ˱ˣÿαְǺܼ˵ְһˣǿ˵󲻾ģ͵ԼûҪĹȥٷװװ
Ԫšüͷ
εġһ˯˻ָĵһþ֮Ŷ˰ࡣ
ݿ⼸˶ˣڿϳԶùϲٽὫ˵ȥˣūһԺﻤȥһ룬ֻʣѰĿˣǸߵСһֻȮ˵˵ڳһֻūϧδܴ⾩Ȯơ
䣬걧һֻССͨסëɵľȮ˽⹷ģǹֿɰ˵ԡɾúܣҪҪ
̧ͷۣһָڸ˸أùʲô飿˵ˣ֪èʲôȥ
ءһΡΡĹ֪Լ˻ģǾȮһݵתͷŹꡣ
ḧŻСͣЩس
ݸʹʹɫʾȥ
˱ſ̫ˣֻҪܸӣǡˡҲ޷ϲֻῴŸ˻ȥ
꣺ѾԶˣū澸ý⹷ȥ
ݣԸȥͥԺţӾǣԶ㣬ſۡ
Ӧ͹ȥȴû뵽һͣǲˣȴš
С͸ͷɤȴСһʱʱͥԺͰһ²ͣӹֳٳٲֻúݺģɴѹͳԺӡ
徻Ԫֲ߰ڸ󣬵Ƚ˯ŮȥͥԺɢɹɹͷ
ϧ칫ɢһ룬Ҫˡݺ͹ֻòŽ»ȥ֮ǰݡ
˵¾£꣬Ż˴ףһڣݱæŵĵԷ䶼յõƻͨ硣
һ԰æһҪô
ףҺЩȻóȥѰ򡣡
˵һͷббп齣ʹ۲֪ʲô
ݣˣǻ£
ݣѹݽ֪ϴδʱٽſɽȥվˣǻǲȥŰɡ
ݿŽüȥˡ
ǡ˿̣ͷȻ겻ɢһء
´عɻգգۣ𣿲˵ǹͳԺˣĻڽУ
ūͳȥѽҲ֣æ򿪴ȥ
һֻС͹һſ¶쾮˸͸ʪɪɪһԷбӣ⹷ɵɵȻҲŲӡ
æͷθ߽¡
ߵһüͷ˵ӣôʱ˻ûߣ
꾾һģ⹷͹˻ȥҲֿҪȰӽܱɣչ鹷޹ġ
»˻֣ʾȥ
ͥԺһſԪ߸պƼһĻ
ºɡٽְ˵⹷һ֮ڱضܻģٷӲӣˣ𣿡
Ԫƫͷһۡ
ºһ𣺡Ǳְʧԣְȥɡ
ʲôԪ쬴

Ԫ߳һÿ㰭µɡ
ºһ֮·ӦҪЧ¡ǰˣɡŲ
һŲԤеȴ£ͷֻϡϡ飬Ƭ̺ϡϡҲûˡ
վһ̧ͷ
ͣˡ

ۿɢȥƽ˾죬ºЦŴԲٽо̽ʱ˺ͣҹƺʱˡǾ´ΰɣѾ֪ˣγ´βɣ
Ҫ̣ûʲôʱˡ
̵ȷĴ򷨣вĴ򷨣ʵڲŷҲܴ򣬿ʱûôӲܣܲٸһ
ȥͰˮ

ͬһʱ̣ԷŮֻ̺Ȯɣ⹷۰ͰͷصؽУѹ̾˿˵Ҳǵù̯ôͲ˵ĺӣ´μҧ֪𣿡
Сͱʪëţ¶۵ĶƤһҲ֪û
ˣ⹷̫СҲҧǸһ±ʮȦĶͽ
ţߵ
æʰǽŮһ̧ͷڷϵǵӰʾ¡
ŰɣѹȥŬŬ°͡
ǰһš
̧۸Ҫڡ
˽ڶֻͷˮͷðһ˿֪Ǻˮ



59 
һ, ˫۾·մԡ߳ˣ澲ֹã³ɵǡ
ԪߵɫЩ΢е㲻Ȼ, һָĹһ, ˡ
µͷȥ˿, ̧ۿ˿Ԫߣܵģ
Ԫһͷ
±Źǰȥɵۣ۲ͷһựô˼Ҷ÷ˣͷð
Ԫߣ
˵ºοģͰˮȾ纮, һͰԡõˮ
ϴʱ·û, ƭ˭
ǲϴ˸Ҳû𣿡Ԫ߽

һб鿴¡
ִٵرŹȥûС
, аɡ
궼ͣˣ㻹ʲҹĴӴ󳨵ķϮ, »û˵꣬ȴ˸䡣
ԪۼֿһſְŴϡ
ǿ˭ˡü
㲻䣿
š
Ҳ䡣
ﻹҲ꣬Ҳ, ûܱ䡣
û˵, һˮεδܿڵذһ̲ˮա
һĵؿһصǽ壬ߴŮʰӶҪˣ
;æǰһȥذ, һԪߵһֽ
ذǸղһ̲һת۷һ̲
ֽǸۿһֽʪ͸ֵϵڶ顣
±Ź̾㲻ôɣûѣ㵹ǻȥ
䣬ǰںһһٽ
Ԫһһѽסһֻ
Ťͷ˿뿪ĴӺʹ÷ɿº裺
Ԫߣҽȥѡ
Ūʪ䣿ߡ±ŹȥŮŻرܡ
½䣬ǰŻһС͵Դùû
һ֮⣬ԪժĶһ٣Щ̧ͷûС
»ͷڵķţʹ˭ˣ
ⰲƬ̺أҵذϷĵһ졣
¶һ飬񿴵ǸǰƵģЩӲɤ⹷ʲô
Ԫߣȡ
⹷Ϊ˳ķϣϸ룬һʱȴû뵽ʲôԢõ˵ˡ
Сʲô
˳Ĭ˻˵ˣԵҽԪߡ
˭ȡôֵ֣һ˵
ҽԪߡ
һ㶣ԪߵġԪߣ
Ԫû˵
գգۣȻȥһЩϸС¡
˺õԪһȥУѩԴһǱģ˵ԼδմǲݣõĺǡԪߡ壬˵벻ˡԪߡ塣
ҲߣĶ©Ķ꣬ǸЦ
ԪҲ£˵ҪԪߣǲһģ
ǣˡ
ǣʲôѾǻˣҪĵʲô
üµͷİӣҲʱ꣬ҪӵģȻԪͽԪŰɡ
ԪţһһȷϣԪţ
ӵٻԪŻëһһ´ӽ»˳ȥ
һ֮׷ȥ׷䣬ԪϵİǰһΣԪϵİҲǰһΡ
һ̧Ԫ߳΢ʪİվխˮ龹˳żʣһ·ûͷ
Դһȣգգۣ㡢תȥ
˵ԼҲɿת
Ԫһ֮±ȥͷԼֲǵһοˡ
ʲôʱ򿴹㣿
һͱ㿴ˡ
ô£ǵãʱ׾ײѣԼƺûκڵ˼
ֳһҲһ
ôҾ͵ֳˣ

Ҫʧˣǵ岻һԪһ²ֽ
һ¶𣿡ֵ
࣬곤ʵҲ֣ЩڣҪصѾغá
Ҫأ
µỊ̫̇ļ롣
̧ͷǰͭͭʮĺѱüİ̺ռݣֲʲô˵ģеҲǹꪡ
ԣЩУԪûС
˺һЩ̲ǻ𣿡
İȻỊ̇濴ֳܵ˾С
ôİ̡°죬ôֻһְ취Ҳ̫
ȫһˡԪƮƮ
һһϣַסױ̨ǰ·ֳһЩѪģĿ³
ѹھܵˣǴС֡
ԪͷֱıӰһüֲϣʲô
»ž£˶ʣЩôģ
µʹӦ¶Ķ˺ȻԪôˣѵСͲξ
Щʮ֮ӾܵģЩСʱϰµġ
ϰ仹˳ϰ䲻ԺнͷԿ𣿡
Ⱥһϰ䣬ôӮ̡Ԫ£ϵϸع˵ĶԺϣ
Ҳתȥϰ䶼
û˿ĵط
˴ں󱳣ѵ˽ϰ仹˴Ӻ͵Ϯ
սеģѵʱȻҪСԪȻʮȻ
ԭأһδżδġĿĵ磬ϸ˼֮һˮͷŵĵϢ
һ˫ӣܵ繲һ֣СڲաĲɱʽѵﳤ߼սʮһյһߵΣ֮С
Ż˵˯ʱ򣬲Ҫ
գҲһιڹ갵ҹ
ЩԼԸ𣿡²ŵʡ
Ԫգգۣƺûʹ⣬Ҳû뵽һͨʵôһ⡣
ǰɡιȥԪһһʪ·ӭˡ
Ŷµͷƿſ˳ȥȻһԪߡ
Ԫ߿żĽŲһ٣عͷ㶡
ﲻûʵǳƺֳȴ١ҲܾûáԪߡؽˡ
һҲе㽩ͣôке֣·ȵسƺԪߣ˭֡
ôˣԪۣǣĿ⡣
ƿЩָָۣһԵĺС¯ҪҪ뽪ȥ
峿Ժţ˵ѩһ˸ϡ
һ𣿡º̧ʡ
ݣǣṫӴţƿУūٽûвҴ¡
ҲأϾҳԹ
һ㶣Թʲô
ûʲôĿ˸ŵͷȥֺ˼࣬µûʲôµĿҪΣȥѩǸΪңҲ飬Ҳ֪Ԫߺû
ūȥ˾ٽԺء
´ҴţڣױԺӣߵԺѩͷ˳
ѩȻһѩɫȹñ棬һͣ񣺡
ϻؼһĻ£ʱã˼䷭츲أһһֻ֮С
ǰȥض񣬲ǲҪˣ
ǣðٽȥݡ
ѩûѻ˵꣬һŵɫʳбҲˡԪӦѩǧĿġ
ѩѾԪǶ֪Ҳ࣬˲ڣֱ̹ˣôðӦģôԼһȥ𣿡
طңҴ·ȥֵζԪ߻һװӺͷ
Ŷ̧ͷˣѵӣ²̫ڵӦ
Ԫ̽ҲȥȥһʡҴ·
һ죬˵ʵûУҲ֪´ټѩǺʱһͻؾأ˼µаɣҲһպЩ˵
аɣ˵ûͦǿ˼øǰڵҵò
ԪĿ⸴ӵؿ˿£ǳ˸
֮صȷ̫˽ܣºѩ඼ûŮгԪߣֻһߡǵ򣬸һ۵
ʻ갳ǣһ·ⲻ֪ɽʻȥ
ºѩڳڣҲ֪ȥãǸΪһҲˤ飬ǰǰ˵Щػ˲ί
ѩ¶ɫҡͷٽҽ͹ˣ㲻֪飬㣬Ҫ㣬Ҳ˲ίҲùˣ˵֮ǰٽƭ㣬ʵҲһֱͬǸ
ԪϥǰңعͷһҲˣҡ
ô͵˽³һ
Ҫ⳵ô
ѩЦſ˿ҭסĽ¡
ڳǽƽ·ʻԼĪʱɽͣȡ
һȥűϣŵأһ˫ֱֱӽȥ
Щһѩ໹󣬲ʧ̬Ӳǽ絽ߵѹȥ֮Ԫߵվȣ΢΢һ̧ͷ˿
һתۣѩߵСߵл
߽ӹѩʳУɽһ·еߣֻҪﲻ͵СǸ澣С˾С
һ·鷳ˡ
߽Ųȥδڲѩɽ
»תͷʣµԪߣ澾ǡ
Ԫߣ
ҿûô˵Ƴȥ
ұҲУ澡
Ųáתѩߣһͷȴһʮ֮Ķ£òһվס
һֻϤ֡
ĬĬץԪߵСۣȥ
˼Ļɽ·У½磬ظǰ߿·ʱҲ˳ݺ;ԪҲԻ»ߵóޱȣûñȽŷ
̧ͷǰȥѩҲһȴŬ˷ѣÿһŶȵʮּᶨ
ȻˣڼԪ£ѩܱȣ
ۿ·ͣԥͷӲݴͷĻ·Ԫ߲ĸ첲ƳƳ߲ˣղǻͦ
ѹҲ֪ôΡ
֪ͲˣԪЩǿɫ
û𣬵Ѿ˼
£ҽǿˡԪ߱۶ס
ʲô
Զ˼ѩϲֳԪ߳ͷŬŬ°͡

±תۣ˼һԣֲ
˵һ룬һۿӲݴһ̵˹ȥ
ԪһͷҪµһ
ʯһɲѽ˹ҵԪϣһ˫§סӣȦס
ԪˣЩݴһһ߶ѣѾˡ
ͷĿѣشͷһߡѣ˵ʲô赭дĻ
Ԫüһ̧ͷǡɽȻһߣ
ȻǾȻôǾȻأɫ׵ڳһֻסĿڡ
ǾȻԪΪȻصͷֳȻûŻ㣬ȴûŻѩ࣬ɼֳǰѡʼһԡ
ԣ㶴
ԡԪ̧ۿһЦϲֳˣϲҰɡ


60 
¶Ԫ, ĵӳ￴Լһɲǻҵɫ
߷Ѿߣȴñȷŵľʱ̻ҪҡΪϲԪߵ飬Ϊűʲô
ָоϤ, ͬȥ, ŻǸÿ׽֮ʱ
һ˲ع, ͷ˴˿̵״
Ҳ̫, Ҳ̫ˣ
һ, Լ, Ȧ, ŰۣƵһɡ
, , ȴ˿
¼
ͶԪ޵̾һ, Ħ£Ҫˡ
һ, þΰ㶶£һЩȥ
·䴥ĹϣԪҲһ㶣һˣŽƽŻصϡһͷ΢죬ѼΡ
ǡԪ߿գգ, ⣿
ǣµһۣżƵĳȥһͷƻڻζȤķӦ, ȥֳˣ㡣
߹հƵţյȽˣԪҲͬ˵Ц
ɽŸвãԽϣԽɽĿĵĻߣȫȻ߳Ŀ£͵ֻ࣬͸ġ
ĿĲԺֳ︡ȴԪһ£Цŭֵģһŭ꣬ҵ껪ڱսĪ˵ӢԼ԰룬ֻĻĽҰء
ֱִĿĵأ̵ֶܿĹʱζһ޷ǰվԭأʲݵķأǿбб·һľ
Ϊôʲݡ
ԪվǷĹĿ΢΢񣬵˵ʲݲŲᱻš
»Ȼ׹ɽ԰˿أ޽̫£˵ۣҪһֱ̫棬Ҳ˺Ĺ˵ݡԪ߸սʱ˭Ҳ޷Ԥ˫ܷ֮ɣһ鵽ؿֻ֤֮
ֻһĻЩԽܣ˵ѩˡ
ۿѩվĹǰδ²̵رͷǲȥˣúøԪ˵˵
ԪҲվԭûʱѩࡪȻʲݣӲݸձ²ӦǰЩһغѾݹ
վԶѩĹǰʳУһ˫ֹסشȻ룬ѩдǧݵ⣬ԪߴǰӦҲܺðɣ
ԪѩǰǲǺǰȫȻģ
һЩҵġЩ۵ļͷͻȻȥ£ԺĦԪ߲俼У֮˵һοû񫡣
Ԫߺһο
˵԰ǰ߮㲻װè
ʱԪƺĬĻ
֮˵ǻ˵Ǹ߸粢竣ֻھΪʲα
ôԪڰֳʱĬϣǲ˵⻰˹ġģ
ֳǲھʱհҲѧб֮ºȻƫͷûͷûβʡ
Ԫ߱ʵһ㶣㲻֮ǰ֪𣿡
ԡ⻰Ҳţ
Ԫװĵɵ˶ӡ
δϸȥͷѩȻ˸ڻΡ
߽ŲһҪǰȴѩĹֹˡ
ȥɣҷЩȹڴҴǰʣӲʣ
ѩͷ˿ᣬ̧һ˫ۣ¡
ٽںߣﲻͬ˵
࣬Ҫһɣѩָָϵš
¿۽£ǰҪӣɽռ˹ɽ˹·ء
͵أӢǻɽüյġ
Ӣǵأвɾ㲻ţұ㡣¹ȥ
ᣬյÿǰʵҲպЩ˵ѩָָǷĹ
ʲôºʡ
ǰԿֵ£˵ֵĻʵһֱǸ
һ㶣գգۣǸ
˵һӵգȷʵǲСϣˣȻðڳɣȴû뵽С
ʵǶôֻУֻǿһӱһֻģɱ֮Ȩòھǵʥϡ
ºһ졣
һʼԿ⣬Сʥٳ裬ЩȨһ飬Ϊ֣պҪо󣬱㿪ʼԡ
ֱһΣ磬żȻڹײŮ˵Ů㣬գαڹǿջЦ˵Ǹ׼գŲڹ˦ӣʥ㻹ڲԼĸΪĻλ
Ů㣬еöˣʲô˵йԹޣеòҲˡ
Щȷ˵ģȫôһ֪ЩʱȻԪȥ
ѩЦ̾ҡҡͷףԭһҲһɵˡܺڶ˵ЩӵĻһôԼ˺˵Ǹأ֪ʱл˵һԲס
𶯵ԭأǰֱþûع
Ϊոµģȥ֪нȻͬĹ£Ԫߴ˵ļ·ȫ·أ͹·ǰŵߵ
ѹ֡Ԫ߳ǰǶƺδĲֻƲһ㣬ٳϯκϯˣȻҲ·磬ڵĵطһɾ̤㡣
Ժ︡ӰĻĻȴģǺңԶңԶ¡
˿̿ʲݵķأζӣԣ˵ʲô˵ĻһҲ벻ˡ
Ĭã±һӹͷ
¼¶Щࡣ
ռȵⰲţתתԪ߷ǰյʱ޷ڵǸ⣬ҲΪԹ˽ɡ
룬ֱִߵľƺһƣ㵹أ˷ǰ
ԪߣһΪҵΪ
һ¡
һԭˡ
һͷͷƬ̿ңңһ¡
һǶڵˡ
سһ·ﾲºԪ߽ѩ͵ŵĿջٴظ
ѩߺԪߴͷŽ¶棬ߵشԴѩ˵ʲôĻ
û͵𣿡
ػҪֳġԪ߿žƵģδ֣ء
һ䣬Ȼڻ۵ȴ޹⣬ס˻
ȻǰЩռݹֳزȥζһܣʮһÿȥһ¾տԪǾ䡰Բסķϣܵսһ졣
ֳָأһֱܺ𣿡
Ԫֳۣ
һʵѵ£ֳֻҪ˵ģҲҲڹġ
˭Ԫߴһ䣬ѭѭհߴ˵
û˭ˣҲûôġҡҡͷ
Ԫߴûø˵Щֻһʱ֪Ӻδ뷴ʣ㣬ڱ߹سԾͷѵ׵ȴڷĶǽʳ𣿡
˼գգۣʵ롣
ӦɡᣬԼܻе㼵Թ
ԡ
Ԫû˵ȥˡ
ǺΪʲôֲԹˣΪ֪ڳҲò𣿡
ЩԶ£ԪҲ׼𰸣˵Ϊֳ֪ԭһɵˣҲֵܳһ֮Уֻ
ΪҵҪǸɣԪߴϵһѪˣȰؼ˰ɡ
ֻǺʣʵû뵽ôһ𰸡
һ¾ȵظѵ״СǰϿѵйֹػ
ԪߺȻ̧ͷЦǵڶ
һ㶣ڳܹˣżÿ޿䡭
ǲֻˤԴǼٵġ
ͣ۵׸Ц⣬ּһ޷۲ۡ޷ȰؼĹ·أȴȻҭס
˵ȫɾ
ʱѿڶķϣ˿̾ȻôҲ˵ˡ


61 
ֱѮ, 갲˴ģһů¹ͥԺشðͷ, ӷҴεʢͷһ, ԰
ԴԺû˿ص۾, Ҳսתů, ˯ϳɢ, һ˯ѣͥԺһܸ߸ߵǧԼ֪Ժ˽, ǧľϣץ⻬ĥ, Űι̽ʵվҲʮȵ
󣬽ǧϱԪɹ̫ںһ´ǧ˵, ṫӵͳЩ, , үŹҲõ, ôûأ
ŻС, Цһ, ƲƲ죺лš
ūٽûôװͰ, үд˻ţӦյɣ
䣬ϲüҵؿͥԺ, ԶԶ»˻֣ˣ
ǧͣ£ֱӻϲȥ⣿
ǣһǺүģһǱιġ
¿콫Ԫŵݸ꣬ӹţ濴Ļ᣺Ǹˣû͵𡭡
ɫһŸҪѣȻ𣺡صشظţ͵һ䡮㻹Ǹˡ
һ̧ͷԪߵ˵ͷ೾ɫõس
ŲΣ˵ˣô˵Ҳô˵
ɲʹô࣬㾿Ϊ˸ŻΪ˿ŻһǧԹԲţ
ԴӼָԽˡԪ˽¿ǣүżҶ˻йأҲ֪
ô㻹ڴ˸˵ͣ˸һţûأʲô𣿡
ȻأҿһҲıү⡣Ԫ߲ȴǧ
Ƥµһۣżţĥһԣŷȡż㣬ƽ
һѰ꺮ů˸һ·Ƿ񰲺ãǷ񴩵ůԵñ˿˵˳һжãعġ
Ŵһֶڶš
ҳӴִ֮ţ˸ʹģ޶ͬסһܳϦദ⣬ν޵ͬɣǧ޵ùߣΪѰһ׮֮׵Ļ£ʵϧο˸ţԴǿУƳĻڹ˸Ȱ˼֣Īʾ⣬ջ֮ӡ
һЦ˲ʧ˸һɶ
һתۣԪ߲ͷſýζĴȫŲȥϡ
ػعۣż㡪
֪˸ʹ֮ʱǺ⣬Ѹı⣬˸ִһͬڹ갣ִҲһֵԼף˸һ顣˸֮һʱ޻¿ɼ̣ҳдһֱƯĺ֣ˣɼǣȽҪиҲͬΪĪ֮翼֮ҳף׿ϣ˸˻Ƹһ׮¡
Ԫߣ
±Ҳ˸ĻһתôסһתͷԪ࣬һ
Ԫһ˫Σյ𣺡ܺЦ𣬽£
ʲôְǰɴдţ԰飬òأδҲ̫ȱŮˣôһ׮»δˣ濤࿴һ׮ˣ
ʱԪ߻صߴӪվڸֹ̨ŵ䳡ۿºֱšӦǰⲽ
Ԫˮšü
ǲӦֳҪĿʾˣҲΪģֳһֺɷ裬֣ΪΡ
ִһ£ֻץʱתˡºŲҪҲʵľƣۿϸ̨æкãٽɣֹһĵ£ӦЩ߼
ҡҡͷ飬ﲻٽæ
Ԫбһۣû飿ôչдһ˵㡣
ҵԪȻû¶֮ί˵ڰֻռһˡ
ʼ磺ΪҺ㲻һǸ˰ɡǱ׷һ

º費̵ؿҭסԪߡǾҽεʱר˿ء
Ԫ䱧̧̧ۣ°ͣǲ̫ˣҪҸҵ
ٽγԣ޹գۡ
Ԫһ鲻õʱϲĥı
ˡϣߴӪڵ֮ϣֱʱЪ
һȺ±ҹɫɢܵĽǴ䳡ԪվͷĿɨӣ֪ǲǻҪѵһͷۣɡ
ԪЦһǼһڸʿɱϸ̨Ҵæرٽʱǰٷһȥҹˣ
ˣžСԪ߲һתͷʳָһ
ǸűٷˣʿԥŵṫӸűأ⻹ٷ˸𣿡
Ԫߵָͷһ䣬һת̨ȥ
ºȷϣٽǲѵˣ
ǶɢˡԪ߼¸̨
ٲɢҾҪɢˡ
ͬһʱ̣갽ͷҹСѩСۣ˵Цִ߽
հѩһ򸮣յšԭǾ˸ǰδʣԪ߻żҲһŸΣһǰ֮ٱʾмæȷǷյš
¼ѩΪһˣɵ˷㣬ţŹؿջŹȥһ·˳ҹУһš
·ãͳͬС
оǵǸӵĿ⣬»ͷһΡ
ѩҵؿƿ׺ֳҲ˵ƽ⣬òԸ˵Ҳδʣĵ׹˲²⡣
ѩǰڳ̽йԪߵ£Ԫ߶֮һԪǰ˺Ҳ˺ϴԪǿۻȥΪöԪ֪ѶҲʷ
˿̿˹ϵȴܣȻζӳ¡
³εṫӲصģѩఢڳЩᣬѾ⿪ˡ
ѩҲֳ˵ͷǵģ֣ôҺܺãĪ롣
γº͵Цţõģˡ
ºѩִ֣һ֮ѽѽϤ𣬳ǰһͷΧ£һȺˣȺ֧ϷڳϷգﳪǳǻ
ȻŰϷºѩ඼Щ棬ѭǰȥ
߼ϷæǿһߵȺǰͷ
Ⱥ룬һѼٴ󵶣ŲյתȦһᣬһһĶࡣ
á
Χǵˣǻĳʣ²عƽкá
ǮֶȦţ¼һгղףǮ
ͳǮӵݸ£˼ſϷΣṫӣ⳪ʲôʶСһҲ
β˻ͣ⳪һΪӱѩ޵Ϸ˵˹Ķɥ֣֮ͬΪӱ𣬽ͬһʰˣ˭֪ŷ֣𱨴ˣԭӵˣĻֶ֮θĵɱ˲˵Լȫˣ±Ҫĳȥѩޡ
ߣĻ֮˿ɵĺ˳𲻱Ϊ˸
±ˣδ⳪ʣһһ̽ϷȻһ㶣عͷȥ˵ʲô
߽εĻ¼תһ顣
ȴڴ˿̱ңԶģ˵죬ֻ롪ôô죿
Ϊͬ׸ӱȴҴ˶󣬱ʶڽ赶ɱˡ
»Ȼ̧ۡ
ⲻԪ߽׿ְ֮⵹ӼҵĹ𣿳ˣڹ갳ϷֻǸɺϣǣ
ٴο֧Ϸӣ֪ǲĴܾһŲʻױɭɲǲǡ
ߣæѹߵȥٽš
δ˵꣬ѩһУθߺСġһ¡
±һģһһ⵶ֻһҪͱ
һתۣһϷһժϷϷۣ¶ͷĺ¾װһ浶ɱ
ɫһνǰ¿Ϸ˷׷׼ܿ
δλһɲѱȥ֮С
ֶǾɢȺͶ̯ܣһ˻ˣŽºѩѶܡ
Ȼһҵӿº󱳱һײѿε֣ôɢˡ
һתͷѿӰȴ̿ԽȺֱ׷
¾ذβܣӭײһӰһ̧ͷһϤֵɴ⣬߸磬áºѰˣ
ԪĿһһֽһְذһ
ذƿգһ֮졣¶Ԫۿ̿Ŀеȥ
Ԫ߻عͷŵòˣգգۣսʲô
ʲôµ̧ͷԴһŽ
ղһʱ鼱ʲôѵǡ
ǣ˵ʱ
ۿ̿׷һԪȴɽص𣬽żûѪҺӿͷƤ飺߸磡߸磡
Ԫѥһߣڵصһģһֻǣһ䣺߸ɱȥ


62 
ȥʲô
²㻳Լ, Ȼһ䣬ԪѾͷ·ȥ
ǰһǣһִһһ߳խϵ, һһĨһ̿͵ǽ¡
һ𣬿ԽµʬףⱲӴûôĲӡ
ԪһЦ, ᵶǰɱ
ϸʣ˵ָ֮䣬⽣Ӱѩ׷ףλۡ
û̲, ǰ, ˸ӡ
ֻּش, Ԫһ·ǰ, һ·ұܣһ·ҡ
ۿ̿һɱһһ˫ɱһ˫, Ԫ֮໹ܷ粻Ŀǰһѣ²֪ľˣİ, ˺¡
ͷֻ֣ǻ, ⲻǡʱһִⲻһɱ, һĵ˽
ǽ֮ϻ貣ҹĺͷգǳ, ӿ˳۴αȵĽɱͷǺӲã·Ҫһֱ򿴲ͷԶ
ǰ˿Ĳ˻Դѹֵ롣
֪ڼ̿͵£ڰ
߲źµʬǰὣ֣ٽһ֮⣬Ѿ
Ԫͣ£һڿƽźһ̧ۣ߽ϵεδѪһΣѾһ
Ԫ߲סߣ˽֣ٷˣɱŵ㡣
𷽲һ·ֻ˵ȴδһѪ˼Ѫһ˱Ѿһ̿͡ϸһԪǱҲ쵽û¼ա
ԭͽŵɱˡ
ߵͷٽѵǣҹٽ˽ϣС©ȥĴ̿͡СĪǣ
ɣԪбб۽£ٷͬΣҾٷ˻ؼҵġ
£
˼βáͳûɾɡ
µһۣתߣҪǰߣЩ̿Ҳһһ©Ǹǰôһ
ҲһԪնشĵǡ
һҭĴ˵ʲôȻоﲻԣһۣԪ߻ǣ֣Ҳ
·ɿһ֣ĿųԪߣĦĵϸ
Ԫ֮һһ
ȻеĽŲãˣ
һͷڰȺ˹
£أ
ѩһָΣЩˣӦ
һǷΪұˣ
һ㻮ˣҪҡҡͷ
Ƕдֵ֡¿˺üȦ֣첽ǰȥ
ԪŽµıӰһֱϣеƵһ
߳˳Ԫ߲ˬɫǻ޵ĺӲǳԣ˵ĺӲۣٽ̫ܴҲʲô¡
ţۼֿĨһʪյĽմֵѪԪ棺ѽٽôôѪ
Ԫߣ
ٵθǰŲһ٣һͷ󾪣ôҲˣ
Ӻʿ̧һ߽Ժ߸һԪߵԪֱֱڵϣԼۣǰͷ·һָӣССģ̨ףˤٽ
Ԫ߿ɿɱ˵ĿָƳߡ
Ҳû뵽Ȳٷ˻عͷһٽû뵽ٷ˵Ѫʵ̫ˣʦڳٽ˵Լߣٷ˶ţϵܡ
ν˲»ߣ˲ϵܣֻʣһ߾ĸӺԸⱻôأѹٽȫָۣڶ塣
ԷѾҽ󶯾ǰҪһͷ̵ɰ͵Ѫ
Ŀ⣬һԪ⸱˵ӣ绺գգۣ𷽲յϢ˵㡪˺öѪ
Ԫߣ
ǰͷ·Ľ¸ʣǰԪ̧齣⻰ɻ
æٷˣܲͷȥԸЩˮ
ǸϽ̧齣ҽͽˡתҴҳԷ
һأԪߴӵϷ£ۣǲǣ
ٽô˱˻ԣôٷ˹˲ǡ
֪Ԫ߱˱ۣһѳʿԼ
߻æסٽʹʹãɲؼϷҪҽһˣûҲ࡭
Ԫ߳һ齡
ذԪġ˿ڡҽҡҡͷµˡ
Ԫۿ˿ƿţȻʲôһ硣
عͷ£
Ԫһǣ㱻˽й𣿡

ۣ֪Ҫȥʲô𣿡

֮ȥʮṫҲһˡ

žһأԪޱϣϥϵֻ߬ȭͷ
·Ը˹ʱ򣬷߶ѲԷԪ߶վǰһɾۣϵ
ôͰˣ¾ǰˮûպء
ԪϵĶһ٣ܿĿ⣺Сˡ
ôѪҲС𣿡ϵ㣬ȷʵûˣŵǷˣȴϴΪ˸ӼҺ׿˵⣬֮ажġ
ü߬ڵͷȥϴθҳͷ˶Ѫ
ۿȥԪĿһͣû˲ᷭᷭģĬĬɵҲû١
ϴҶѪˣûУƲƲ졣
˵żƽϵĻȴֻƽ赭дƽϴ˸Ѫ˿١ǰƭÿһһ
˺ˣȲ˵ˣ¹䣬Ъţձ㲻ҪԡˣܲȥӪҲȥˡ
Ԫ߱ߣ£Ƭ̺һ٣վؽϵõĸˣ⿪¡
æȥ
ǵҵתҸ㿴
˵ĵطҡҲ̫㿴û¾͡»δ˵꣬˱һѲתȥɾϸǰƮ䣬һӳ
һ̧ۿ˿ÿִۣ㡢أղ𣿡
Ԫ¸һ壺ƭġ
Ҳ㡪ƭɡ
գգۣͷ𷽲żڵģΪǵѪŲ
´һȭͷҧԪߡ
Ԫʳָؽ±ӡ
ظţһתȥ
Ԫ߽һطȷʵܹˣȥ̥ǵʱۣͦҪǿҽܵˣ
ȥƭҽյĸ飬ҾͶ࡭˵һһͣͷ˵ʲôطԭи̥ǣ
ԪߵͷֳûУԡ
ʲô̥ǣºȻż
䲻֪ιʶԴ˸ȤԪ߻ǽͷһأǿ̥µİ¶
´˿ȫȻ˱ƭҲȫȻ˴˾ȣֱֱǳε͹𣬻ʲô
̥ԭǲǺɫġ״һһ
Ԫɫһ䣺ô֪
𶯵ۡ
ô֪Ϊǡ˵ġ
⻰ԵΣʲô˵׼ʲôܶϣ
»ţȻϦҹ򻰱˵Ǹ߸粻ţ⣬ΪԪ߲ԣһڣȴԪ߷ϡ
㡭ǲҲĲţ⣿
Ԫߺ£ۣŵͷ
³طأ
ѩö壬Ԫ߼ٰ竵ĿԣٵԪߵ̥Ǻͼɿڡ
һɺɺϣôɺϣʵڲɺˡ
Ԫһȫ⻰Ĵڲɺϣǵ˭д⻰Ŀʲô
д֪ôܣȴûнҷҵ۾֮ֻЩдһ»͵ϡѵΪԪ̸˵
ң˭ͬʱ֪㲻ţļɿڣ̥ǵģʡ
˼⣬·֤ʲôԪȰԼʣ磬º裬Ҽмĸ
ˣ
ˡ
룬֪µ᲻˭ϣҺ̸˵ϲԵأ룬ֲ˵رǿңѾĻҲҪʵֵϣ
⵹ʡԪϸƷȷϵϣ̸˵ϲԵϣرǿңѾĻҲҪʵֵģҪ֪Ҽɿں̥ǡˣ
֣صص˵ͷ룬ûôһˣ
С
˭
Ԫ̯֣ǰ𣿡



63 
һȺĳ, ˼ÿƺô˿ͷ, ͽװ, ææһͨޣ˾ȥܵܲ㣬ô˵ϱܵܲ㣿һӺ, »صԺ°ϣԽԽûơ
űΪŴ̥ǵԪ˵˼䣬ԪƤЦһۿֱ׳ģ, ˵ϷĻ, һ֮תͷԺ
Ӳԧ׻⣬ɲ⡣
ٽôƭ, ̫, ҺÿۣʶĹƣһͬһ
ԼǵҲʶƵġ
ǣ
Լķ˵ġ
ŶٽǸĺһЩġ
Ź棺ΪĶ΢ĹһЩͽСáˣʲô˲𡭡
ǡʱ, ݶŰ˽Īٽ, ҹܾۣūιյ, ٸӹ, ²ء
ʱҪʲô, õˡ
Щſɾݰǣ, ԺѪ⵭ȥЩ⡣
зۣűߵ죬`ٷˣٽҹۣ˯ǰҪɽǣ˾֪벻ߣҪޣ

õı׼ϰһΡ
ݺ͹תۣԪѵһҹ֮ϵת˵ز΢΢һͣʡʡɣҵŮɱã
峿´ӳһת
ҹȹûʲôɱجΣȴεԪҹԷ齱治Ҫ
ϡͿ˵Ůֻ̫ſޣҪԶ㡣
ԪʣôԶ㣿
ʤһָȻ˯˹ȥ
һϴϣùţ¸һԷһȣʲôˣ
˳žݵĿͷȥݼϺ˸ˣһ֮µһҲ৵һ°ν
ۿԺʿһûǶϹݶǵӰֱһԾ¡
µŴˣźǽסͷϸһ
Ԫ΢¶
ͫ𶯣㡢ݶʲô
Ԫ߻ż米ǣݶ޵ģ

ĬĬҹǸΣǲΣ
һָָĻݶ
ôݶϴһҹűڡߣ
òѣҲѣݶʲô
ô֪ԪŲǰݶҲ
۾ؿҪʲôλҲҪ͵
ԪվǰۿجεĽج򷭴յ
۵׾ĵȻһĬĬһǽۿ⸱جʱĿգգۣ˼ˣŲᶯجˡ
ǰòˣˡԪƲͷ
̧ۣһͰͣӡۡ
ǡݶҲôһЩôģǶ˵߷Ща֮Ͳجѹҹ˯ͦá
粻ġ
ұаԪЦ
ǰ˭аù㣿ɱ˸Ƶġ
Ԫߴ˯˸þһʲôȥΪǵ綼ϵƤˣҪȥ̽һĳЩ˰ɣ
һҭҹԪͻȻѪֹ˵һεƣһлûϣҴææͻ˸ȻҪȥһˡ
翴ϵ˼ε𣿲㡢ġ𣿡°ͼݺָָ
Ԫȭɤ
ɱǳȫ֣֮˴СҪлƹĥǰȥ
һԪ߻ͷסˣȥҲȥˡ
˵ˣҪô䡣
ɻǣ
ȫǽϣֻͨˣͨŲ֮ˡ
滹д̿ͣɫһ䣬˻ŵͷǻǸմŰɡ
а֮ˡ
ģԪ룬䴽һЦǳýҲţ벻ѧ
Ԫϴ꣬һľװ¸˸䳡ۿվڱܱϣĴýɽһ㣬һָһűѧ̡ܽ
»ͷƣĿһӹȥѰɼĵǹꪣĸ桢ޡãٵһЩδżδģϡŹɷĲ֪а
ʮ˰̡ܽ
ò
ۼһ飬¶ãԪߵͷǲ֪Щʹģһʾһ顣
˵ţһǹһ࣬ߵһԿյء
Ƚ»񣬷һণԪߺһǰһǹһһһ漴ǹղ෭ǹͷǹڰֶһأǹջС
ԴǹͷңһۻҹԪ߳ǹһһ̧°ͣô
Ȼ̫Щʽȥȷʵʮֻǡ
з
㣬ǹˣô
΢飺ˣáͦ˲ġ

ûˣ
ŴǵִǹԵӰ̧ͷ죺ǹ˭ˣˣԺҲн̡
֮ǰƷҪˣǹĲ
ԪߵܱϣֽǹһĿһɨֿ׼ŽڱޣٸˣһҲᣬֳҲġ
ˣ֪ˣ¶˶ţǲģѧûᣬ̵õвУ
Ԫ߿ϧؿۻδʮ룬һһṭ̽ſ£ǡϴԺѧһģ
һӺ󣬽еڶŹվ˼ǰ
ʱ£ҪȫˣԪֽһ顣ڼһöָĴָϣ˵Сʱùģ˾Ͳᱻĥ֣ˡ
ŹۿԼĴָöƵָͷѾһЩϸСơôɵָȻţ֪ǲǶʲô⺬塣
ĬĬ˻񣬺Ȼоһָ֧䣬Ԫߵ𣺡õˣҲûרѧ
˭˵ģֻѣһչһֿң泯аں˼ƣһУ
ȽʵźϺ󱳣ͬǰԺУһԪվס֡
ͷƤһ飬ԭɵһӱͷһͷϻ⣬ӲؽǰļУ˵ؿԼ𡭡
׼ͷԪһֻۣŲŲʸ׼ķ
ºɵس˳ģôⷴأ񶼶żкˡ
˵УС
ϴҲûСĹһƲ죺ڿ˰ɣ
ٵȵȡ
һͷˮʲô
ⲻҲû׼ͷ
Ԫû˵վ
ֱµȵýѰ̲סٴοʻԪһңɡ
һ֣һҾʸңƿհһ·ɣԽУֱֱкǿӻ
һ죬ɡ
һɲ𣬱һӻ׷衣
һ˲㱼׹ղšڵȷ硣
ӯ졣
ͷⳡӻ꣬ǰصȥһѩ²۽ޣعͷȥ
ԪĿѩף䳤䴽ŽС¶紵꣬Ҵ¡
ͷһ𣬱ս˺
ȻԱսȴסڴ˿ֶ
Ԫ߿󣬸ܵǿһһôţȻʲô£˵ûĿ
ʲô
ԪߴȥҲҡ


64 
ӻ괵ĿѣԵ, ˺ü˵ʲôһȣֻ֮ųһ·Զȥ, סĿڿ˵ʲô, ˭ˣ
Ԫ߽ոɫûУУ
¾
ԪߣҲУ
־䡣
ôָĶĶԪЦ
ʶԼĻ, üͷţ𣿡
Ԫüǰˣʱ, ˵ʲôˣ
ڶ𣿱Դѵʱ˵¡
εĿԪЦѹƽǣֱֱԴѵʱҲϲ
Һʱϲ
ֳ
һ֮£㿪ȥ˼װĶ
Ԫ߿˿Ƴ, ת˳УȲ¹, ĵɰ
һۣżͲ, ·ıӰ, һʲôղȡЦģ, ס˿ڳĬȥ
ͣˣ¾ĵ, ֻһزлĪǰӰ˼ɫ, ԵÿͰ͡
³˳ǿ΢ĺףʱ, ǰȥ˽š
ԪȻһָۣһƬӻ, Ǵժ¡
ԪĿ⣬ɤƲͷȥһصӻտյļУûһһС죺ҵ׻ܲһΰˡ
Ԫ۵ЦָָؽڣһǼ⣺ȥŰɡ
һӣֵʲô
аĵļ
ʱ֣Ժ鷿ºŵʱԪ鰸ǰĥʯר־ĥһ֧СɵļأֱɢżѾĥļ֧
ٽº蹰ֻиѳŲϣδֿʿ
ٽ֮ڸϣδ¸رˮ©ҲԼڣиһ
Ӫǰ˵ٽҹ˺öѪֿûȥӪΪ˵òᣬŲʱڣ˹
Ԫ϶ͣͷҹٴһ顣
ǣٽѾϣƴ˷ɱºָʹ
ʱºΪӱǱɱһǧ˰ٵľҷӼ̰۾ʱҲǣԼȥӼҵ˹٣λʵڼųն
˵Ӽж;ʧ٣ºƲµӼ˰ɱعζٽĻʹԻȥⳡɱһϷҲǸʽ
Ϊ˸ºǸõ
º裺δº
ԪһϵмԴżİ֮˵ʱ۵ȴģɱ
Ƕ֣ǡ
Ҳǵʥˡ
ºϻӼҵ̰۰ÿֲս˵˵£Ұʥһź棬˿ֲ
ʥϻΪº𣿡
ȻҪҶԸӶҪڳԪ߽ؿϼ֧ۡ
ְˡºףٽʵģɿں̥ǵ£ְҲȷϹˣӦͬʱ֪¡
Ԫü鷳£ǽ´֡
֪ˡԪ߽֧¼ϻУϻǣ鷿
¸ڷǰ׼꣬˰յŲš
Ԫ߽һֻ߳խľϻϷݵ¡
¿ⲻ۵Сϻӣɻգգۣаĵļ
ô˼С
ºشϻǣһ֧ϸͭԲͲһǡ
Сϸ첲ġ
ģȵص˵࣬źأȻôᣬôã
Ԫһ֧ϸʾһװĲ裬ָ»͡
δ䣬ٿһԪߺ;һ
ۼǼһһ·䵽ɿͥԺһ
ۣôԶ¿Լ֣һתͷ޵ķ̬üǻʲôҿŷģ
һЦվߡ
Ԫһ֧ӣһգ۷ˡ
Ҳģ²쿴
Ȼɱ
Щ˵Ҿʡʡˡæ˿ʣ¼֧ڿΪı
Ԫ߿ӵĿ⣬£䴽òţӵ£
ѵڸڸϽ
Ԫһָ£ŷѶˣ֮ꣿ
˵ţ˵
СĺķϣŬŬ°ͣøɡ
Ԫʪ𷽲ºĻرɫҹʵ£ȷϹˣֻҸ˵ˡ
µעأҲûй¶ȥĿܣ
޿ܣԪҡͷѾ㣬ҲôˣЩǴӺ֪
ʵҹ֮ǰҲ֪
ҹɢ󣬽ս±Ҳ£һ뵽Ҫͻ±һԴⲻԴԲԣϲֳ
߶ֳ׻ΪϲֳˣǻΪƭ
ǰˣҲһٷĹ򣬳˵ɡ³üز˲֡
ʱգٴͬʳ˾ֺһִͬ꣬һζڴ˵龳һͬס
ſӣ̧Ԫߡ
һΣŷϣԪ߸һֻϺ಻ϳԣȻͿʼƷ衱ֲġ
´ɨǰķˣôɲɣճһˮϺ
˵ĿͬʱϺһ䣬תۣԪߵǶ˼ϺˣҰϺֳϺ𣿻𣿡

µһۣԷͳԷʲôˡ
ǲˣҽٸԲԣ
оڣҪ㶯ʲô֣
Ԫһǣ̯֣ˣڲǾˡҰϺֳϺ𣿻𣿡
ǹǽ
һֳҰϺôˣ
һᡣ
ôˣҾͷҪѡֵһ
Ԫ˱ֱ㲻ֳãȻǳõѡ
һϣҧҪǸֳأ
⻰˵ֳ𣿡
ôţȫҲֻϲֳƹˤһ̿ӡ
Ԫɫʵؿ¶ͣʲô˼
ң¡ָָԼıǼ⣬ƽᡢá¹¶Ҳ޿ˡֳԪߣȻﶼǿ鱦ֻǸݣҸֳ⣬òĶԡͷ
Ԫ߱׳ɽӵһ´һգգۣûԼʲôĬƬ̣㡪˵һ飿
·ѾطסǿΪϲֳҲŽƾͼƭ㣬˵Źҵģ
ԺǧںХԪһ˲գضĻιȥ¿ӣһ£ñ¡
һֱ߬ߵǰ㡢Ҫҷ𣿡
Ԫ߱ͷȥ侲˻תͷʱ֮ǰҪ֪ȻϲֳԴЩ߰Ķ״Ķģ
¿쬵ɫȥһ֪µľݣŬŬ°ʾȥӦսݣ
Ӻ󣬽껰ȥһƬŵڣº;뿴˼Ԫߡ
⻰ͷδ֪漰̫Ԫֻһʱûع񣬴˿ܰ˼Ǳ𣬱侲ˡ
㿴ңҿ㣬˭Ҳû˵
֪˶ãԪߵɫޱ鵽üɫá
ԥŲ죺ҹˣ˭дĻҿ϶ûе⣬һܶܡ⻰Ѿˣûκη紵ݶ
Ԫ߽˫ûӦ
Ȼ֪ܵ˶ûпй¶Ҹ⻰йˡ¿۾ͷ߲֪Ƿڵѹ㿴ҵʱʲôʲôǸһùҲŵù;ĸıҲˣ⻰߶߶ġ
ûԪĬһĬ̧ĽεʻˣǱ˶ֽţõѶˣǱ͵ߣΪ黰ǷȥЩӵܵ񣬽δⲻǻ飬޷ֻ쵽ЩȨĶ
±һɭɭ⣺˼ǡ
˵Ů˹ĸžŰʮһѣôдֻõһһЩΪֽţкʱ䣬ֻҪͬ£ܴ·ǰûǺ󲻾ã㶼⻰顣
´˸飬û
ĽεʻڴϣѶЩֵĵط
˴Ϊʲôţŵ£Ϊ飬Ͳȥ֤ңѵң;ĸı
Ԫߵͷ
˼ȻΪҺãֱ˵𣿡°˼ۡ
Ԫ˼Ħָʲô֮ҲиĿġ
Ŀģһ˫֣һ㣬ԪöӰݺϣĹ켣
Ԫ̧ۿͬľݣ֪ͨºҡ
æӦ˷š
ֻʣˣԴκģ̫ѶϢǰķˣٳû
ȻԪ߿ڣȰѷˡ
㻹˼Էء±쿴սһش򣬷ŻȰԪסԼˡ
㷽ŲҲ˵ˣĿǰ˶㡢Ҷûе⣬ڲ鵽Է˭֮ǰżҲûãԪһֱָ߿ӣԷٸˡ
Ŷһ겻ӣȥвˣ˵Եһ͵̧ͷʲôѵһϵ㻹Ҫˣ
һϲź˲ǣԪһ˫۽ѷϺ˵Լǰư
ϺǺЦȴã˹ذƤ
ȷ㣬Ϻҳꡣ


65 
˫ǽڷְȥ, һֻ۰͸ϺͶֱߵĴɵ
ۿŶʩ̰ӲͷƤִֻϺ̵ݽ
Ԫ΢Ц촽ݼϺ, ʵó𣿡
֮ζ翪, ֱʻܣ¿Ӽһ, ŵ˵ͷ
Ԫ߼ȥһֻ
ϲŭӣתǧ, òйһǻ궯˴˿̵ʮָ, Ԫ߰ϺԳصļơһֻһֻϺͶɵ񹥳ǵͶʯһһ׼
ۿϺֱ߶ѳһӨɽ³Եûÿ, ᣺㣬ȻԼҲԼֻһôôԵ꣡
Ԫɫҡҡͷ, ȫġ
Ǹмˡ
µͷ˿, ִټһֻϺ, Ҫݽ, ǰһһֻϺˡ
´Ŀһ, ÿȥ, һֻطסǣԲˣԲˡ
Ԫ߰Ϻͣס, ۿ
㶮ʲôн𣿡ɶ񣬽ץ˵ճһϺ, ҲԸϺˣҲûиҰϺĻˡ
˼ǣշŹ㣬󻹳ҰϺ
նȥʲôȻӦ˵
һ˵˸صĴ𰸣ҿԿǡ
Ԫ̾˿Ǹһ̧°ͣҰɡ
һ֮·Ӧ쳤ֽӼŵֻϺȥ
ûɿ꣬Ԫ죺
һһϺһ˰ա
ԪߣԲ£Ұԣܵó
·޷̧ӣϺݵߡ
Ԫӹ׽£ȥƷζŵ˵ͷЩҲҰɡ
½ֱߵϺɽ
һֻֻҭܷ˰ɡ
±ŹּһֻϺιߡ
ֱιϺ˦˦֣ŻعϺ˷Լôܷˣǿ
СǿΪʲôҪĿӣ
Թһְ˽ŵţº㵽ˡ
ǿ뿪Ժȥλĸ£ȷص㣺ǼѵǼ̣εɢ֣ܵЩ·Ĵʱ䡣
ԼǲǵˣҾϸģһŻ
Ԫˣһһͻڷȷϸ֦ĩڣ©ʲô
ǻϻ˿δע⣬ǲŷ±¶ȥŴڷգԪ߷˵һ˳ֻǧ֮ңΪʱ뻹ûһռȫ
ݣū澾µ̫΢ĩˣ̺ǱǵҲû׷ʹλƹһ֪ƹȥѰ¾ͻҲûлʱȥ࣬Ҫƾ͸ˡⲻ֪ˣڻϿҲǲ֪顣
ǰѵûһ֪
ü˼ţʹԪ˵ģЩ鲻ǻ飬Ϊʧ᲻Ҳ˭ֽţпɻ֪˲룿
ĵԴżȻֽŶǶɵġҪ˵ĻһĻ֣Щɽ˵ҡҡͷЩɽǷɣ˵˲Ԥ֪ĵԴʧ䣬һϣ޸ӣôҲʧ֮ٽѽ
žݵĻ˵һĻ֣˿϶Ǿĸ֮ԻɽûҪá
˵һ룬ʲôͫһǸʿ
Ժ鷿µڳĬĽ֮Уűߵ죬´Ź꼱˽
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Ԫһһһӡ
ﲻͣΪƽĸƫȷȥ̫ŵ̹ԴգұҪȥ̫ۻԸġλʿոš
£ѻȸżţ˽˼
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½ūڵģСϹֻۣҲãʲ˵
װα죬Ȼ̫ҲԨԴɼŵ
ɴŵ磿⵹ܣū澿òȫˣŵʮǽʿӦˡ
㻹ǵò
ū澲ȫǵã΢Щӡ󡭡
Ԫ߳һ̧°ͣҽõ࣬ȥǵõ񡣡
ȥ鷿䡣æȥ
Ԫһָº裺ٶһ̽ĵط̫ۣǸŵ
ºҲ˳ȥ
ɢﰲֻʣԪߺͽ¸һ鰸Զ
֧Դָǣʲô£ѵϵʿǸˣԤ֪δǰʧ֮£ɾ֮£׷ǹʣΪηҪٳɴأ
͵سͷӰ£ȵָǡ
Ȼعͷȥ֪ʱƵԪߣۣʲô
ͷۣԪĴָָת
ֲڵļѹűƤͷǲˣȴʼ飬ʼˡ
ҡþҰַһҰˣ㿪
Ԫ˫˿գ룬ͷһ֮ʣ磬˰Ħǣôַ˵ָŶǸңررĹ
£
ֱӱ£
ƺҲһƬ̺Ŵ㣬ɱ˵ַС
㿴ҺˣԪ̯֣㺰ûһ
Һͳˣµһۣת߳鷿¶˵ˣһȥˡ
һߵҹ·ſڵţ㡣Ԫ߽䣬罻ҳȥһˣҲܲˣȲҾȰѻպá
ӱī̧ͷ֪ˡ
ԪߵͷתҪһͣʲôͷ磬ҽҲӵܵʱ򡣡

㻹֪ɣϲֳ

ϲᡣ
֮ǰңȫΪֳ
֪Ժ󡪡
ϲ㣬ޱ飬ָָҽ뿪ҾͲ֤ܸܲ㻭ˡ
ԪͻԺҲЩˣɾźԡ׼ЩЪϢ
ԡһȴŻԺһ·ٲ˻Էվױ̨ǰͷͭ
±һ䡰ôߡضͭͷһǰȥèˣ⾵ӿʲôԣĪҲ˶ʲô֡
ͦõģԪۿžˣҷյ
ͭһ㶣Īգգۣʲôأ
աҺֳȷʵһɡ

ֳܱܲˣˣº޺ױ̨ǰ£һֻСɵϸƿͷ˼¶ֱͷĨȡ
Ԫվȥžü촽毺ݣǰôֳΪλιҳϺ

¸˵ǲǱǿƵһ̧ͷŷ֮ͬĥ
һ˵Ļ˸⡣
ŽߵžߵĻ棬ĵȷȷǵöԪߵᡣ
ء½ŵؿͭԪߡ
ԣǲҲûôɾ
۵׵Ľһɢ
Ԫ̧Լƣøֻ֣ѧյʮ֪꣬մѪԸҰϺ
ºһ죬Ŀؿֻ޳ƴ̵֣֪Ϊִһ䡰Ҿð߸ȫɾˡִԸԸϺ
ЩΪ֪ԼӶ˫Ķ
Դǣһʱ֪˵ЩʲôӦҵԼֻϺʲôҲͬˡ
Ԫ۵һ˿⣬û£գգ۵ɿӣȻˣһΣ


66 
Ժ鷿, ֳŶǣ޺ϵĿ񣬺һȥʱ, ʱصĽŲ
, һűһƿͷһ
Ԫһſż˿ƳһֱǾ񣺡Ȱѻպã
ٽԸǵȲȰѻպ, һ֮еЦ, Ҷٽģ㲻ҵ̫á

ҽϴ˵ʱҲûڡ
ٽǣֻɶּ
ԪҴƳƳ, 𷽲Žǰһ̻ڳ԰οһɫһ䣬·ƭȡ˹һ㽫ʹ
޷, ǻ, ˹ǽֳ˺Ϊһдһдֳһд߸ĸ֣ռݰڽɽ
мֳڳһλӳҲġ
ԪߣҴϲ֮գкοɱҽ̻塣
, 绹÷֮ṫӻҩȥ˹֣Ȼ˳ȥ
Ԫվԭۣż˺õ쵹ˡ
ս̹֮ǰ˵ҾͷҪѡֵһ
һֱֳӦ֮еˣǸ鷳Ρ
ǵС˾ͲҽˣԪһȥ
磬ֿջϷ
ԪӶͷԷһֻ֡
ֿ޷ִ磬ṫ˾˵
ްٽɷ
ѩֱվĿɿڴؿһĻ
ֻԪε֣һҩƿҩֱǵ˿ڣɫ͵ػһֱۣһɾϸһȦȦ֣󽫶ϸ߽Ϥڲء
վԪĪ˸飬Ƥ
սϹ󣬳ͨѻָùţһʱ̱̽ΣʱԪ߸ҩƵԻȥӪ·˳ֿջ
ΪԪҲģҪ˵ҲֵøȴһջϷԪӧΪλҩַ֮ϸᣬ뵱һޣһ
˵ѧ
ôֵֹġ
ȻԪߵĺ⣬ÿָȴؽӲţȻҲǴͷŵĲڡ
Ԫƽε֣ε˵йعι̸ЦṫӻҩһṫӢۺҲ
λ̿ҡͷСˣعϣ
һţǫ
ṫӲǫ㣬Ԫ̧ͷһ۽£ӿ޷ѡ
ʲôʲôӣ
¶һ飬ʵʵһ
ǰΪṫӻҩһмṫӶӳԪιһҾ
θһ񣺡֮ͣٽ뿤˲ؿ
ԪһΣҾøһЩ
æٵ͡
£
ѩࣺ
ۿͷͷԽҾԽ͵ˣһˣˡ
һһҲ
ºѩһۣǰȥһһ
°ԪȥһԣСֹԴʲôˡ
Ԫüⲻ˲֣
ͺܹ֣˼ң
Ԫ߲̫ͬؿ۽£ṫӽʱע嵭ʳմˮ
ҽٽġ
λҩɸٻƣ֮Ӧعϸˡ
лٽС
Ԫת£ʲôҪṫӵ𣿡
죬ʲôȱˡ
Ԫ΢ЦǱ㲻ṫϢˣ
ģѩఢϻ˵ã´μҪһֽͬȥġ
⻹δذȱǡԪ߿˽ºѩһһۡ
ѩæҲģǾڿջţջǰְ£ûˣͷͥԺҲ¡
ѩఢ梶ˣû˵˰ɣ³ԪŬŬ°͡
Ԫ߳ĬһΣΣͻȻ뵽ͬһδдգ̸һ
ڽ·ֵ֮ǰԪ߲䣺δ˵ֻ֡
Ԫдˣζ㡣εͷڴԺȥȡ壬ѩ࣬ͬҴ֣
ѩɻһ˲ΰʾ񣬸ֳ˳ȥ
Ǽŷֳ£ź󣬱һݵģѩڣֿʲôҽ
ȡѣҪ֣˵ܵƽ޹ʾܽһԡ
ѩ֪࣬Ӳԣ˵ҪֲԵɱµ񡪡̾˿ʵڲɿȥ˵ĳѰ˼ҵĹҲûиŸСĵף

ѩæҡͷ֣ңҲٽˡ
ٽΪ⣬˺ңѵΪֺ縸֣С֮£һ̸֮ʱҪڣǰ֪㣬Īְ֣־޿ܴӦ
ѩǿЦãżýͲ壺֣治ģ
ǣΪ˭ٽվǴʲộ
Եɵȷܸ֣߰Ҳ֪ٽΪˡѩ˼£ִ֪ǰ뿤йͬѰĽ飬ҿٽշԴףʾ뿤Ĺϵء
һ㶣⧲£ҡ뿤ʲôͬѰ
ձù̽ƣٽȴΪҪ˵Ļȫ˵ˣҪȫˣԸ밢ֶһ仰ֹңҵҪʰ֣Կʲô
ûУζͨ죬ֻλ˵ϻͬѣް룡
ڣڿϵԪߣƣҾ˵ŵˣ˼϶ڸڽͷӶء
ӰᣬǽȥԪߴ࣬νӡ
µͺߣⲻǵҷֽ𣿡
ԡϲֽ𰣿Ԫƫͷ
²Եգգۣʲôϲ
Լ˵ģʲôٴ£ݳݺɣֽ𰲻СĹ֦ͷվժ£ȻһͷһͷǾ͡
˰죬ڱʲôʶǰһסԪߵ졣
Ԫ߿αЦʲôã˼Ұֽôдš
ɿȥǹǼٵģϹģ㻹浱Ҹ˲ɣ
ӦԸ⵱Ԫʡˡֳ֡
ͷνˡ
ҺǻûߣȻһָÿȫıһ顣
ۣôӸڻ̸ɣѩȥֽˡ
ջͥԺټ쾮֮ϴ٣̿ϴ
ѩֻԼֽҪһֻ
½մһȹȹֻȹƵıɫֽ𰣬ѩпʵҺþûŹֽˣΰ梲ϲСҲûԵĹѣһ˷ܾɵɵҲġ
ϲնҷֽ𰡣
ң󣬵˵ͷ괺գһڳ
¶겻ֽ𰣬Ѿ̫ϤѩŶȽֻֽ죬ٽֽУֻǣɡ
һһߣ˵תһȦһѩ̸ˣҿ㰢ַŻģ
ѩཫԼֻֽҲȥЦ̾ϢֹٽˣǷִ˼䣬ѽˣµġ
ٽӶûУ㰢ˣ˵Ȼʲôߵѩ˵ҷ˵ʱٿǲǿֵĸо
˲ᵽҪĻű˴˶գѩͷȻ¿ųðʧ񡣡
Ϊʲôʧز֣ҿûĸоأ
ٽܣ㿴ˣ
ҸŲܡ಻Ǽٵܣ¹ţһԭվ̫ãһֱֱֽͣµ
¿첽ɱȴֽһ׹ףԺһɸߵһ
ѽæǰȥȥժֽ𰣬ȴϸ߾֦ϣôҲժ
ѩһߣŶǸ֦
ҹȻ̫ûֽˡվƲƲ졣
û£ֽǼҳ㷹ȥǡѩתȥ
¶£Ԫѻ죬űʲôºˣȻǶ££ӻһֽ𰵱֦ͷ
º޺Ŷ¥ϷȴӣҪǴԪߣŲͷӰ䣬һխ䣬һֻ˵֡
ָֻһ֦ͷ۰׵Ļ䣬ֽ㱻ժ
Ȼժֽȴû˵ôվţҲֽ𰽻
һϤϢڱǶˣ֮ţȻԳ
ԤеҪʲô»վ£ԴҲһ㷢ηȡ
棬޽Ƿ˿³ţԥţתعͷȥ
²ͷ
²һɪرսۡ
ԪߴۿǼǼ⣬»Ậ˺Ĵ꣬õһǡ
ڣ³ˡ


67 
ҹ, Ժ
ݺ͹ۿ£üͷطһҽ飬֪ڲʲô, ˼ضһۡ
ԴմӿջͲԾˡڴǰ˫ĿʧͥԺǿһʱʱָ̧ḧ촽, һüһҡͷ
ֿʼⲽдʵǸ֪ͷĻ
ٺ, ҽ飬һжһԼ
ݣҽ߶ҽ, ѧܳɣӺδʣū澻ҽɣ
ɫأһ, ɼˡ
ʲôݺ͹󾪡
شԼ󣺡ǿҽ˵Ѫɬ, ᵶɬ, , , ʱʱСһȫųˣ
ݺ͹ͷŽ°ָգգۡ
, ˼ˣū澿ָֻղһ£Ȼ, һһᣬȻʱʱСѪɾˣɷģоݵȰġ
µȴƺûп̧ͷɨ˹һۣڿʲô˵ˣޱ£ҽ飬һѶȥһߡ
ҲûɼʱôͱôͶء
Խʱռ䣬ڶߴ˷̻
ϲֳˣϲҰɡ
£˵ûĿҲҡ
ôֳΪλιҳϺ

»ӻ֣ɢЩ˵ߵһ̧ۣһӰͶ˸ϡ
һֽһ˲񱻶סһ㣬һ˲󣬽Ȼ䣬Ů˵˯ˣ
˵ˣˡЦ
½һͣŤͷȥһźܿ˿Ĵǡ
뵽ʪĴз·ػصϣĸһŵ£ɤϵģ£
û¾Ͳ㣿
ûʲô𣿡
¡еģš
һ㶣ͬ¶ŮȷԼûŰǰȥһŷ죬̽Դ˵ʲôУ
ԪߵͷĿ΢ŵĴһ䡣
˴ؽŷøСЩ
ŵһ˫֣ԪһЦνʹȥ˲¡
֪еĺνʹǰʹĸ֣ʹݴڶʹְ֮뾩֮ǰʲҲ˵Ԫ߸νʹѧϰط
ɫ΢ͣȥȥʲôȥã
ʮһݳʮݸһʷݴʷδȥӦ꣬Ҳɴ˼ҾͬУĵ򡭡
ȥģҲŲȥ·ɿ
Ԫ䴽˲żҲû˳Կࡣ
»عͷ˱ۣһĽƵƵϴյ졣
ʮ죬£ҾԪֽŷ죬һ
ͷƤһһĿ˸Ŷ㿪ֱֱߣأһЩҼ徻ӡ
ԪߺЦôջ徻ٶ༸գǽ֣
㶣Է飬ԴһȣһϷţ˭֣ʰȥ
һ罪ʱ˵ԪѾǣԷ齱һΣ˸óʱδת㾲ĵˡ
п˵ٽѣֲҽÿ峿ҪСԪš
¹˾䡰ûԪſɰԪųȥɹ̫徻ȥˡ
ȴû뵽徻һ죬ڶҹ߱һֻŸԺڸϵͲݸ˵Ԫ߸š
ʱϷ˪ۿţþԴ
ݲ£չżѣһգ֮ǳ֮࣬Ҷ˼ɽ
»һȻһƴס˾ݡ
ݺ͹һ
¶һɫ˪˽ֺͷ
ū澸ô￪ʼ
ʹӡȲ֮ᡯ֮󡣡
ף֪ͷһ䣿
ΪԪ߾Ǹѧ˾ѧʫѧţ
˪δ͸ҪˣɿЩɺáѡ
ɻ齣˫ֽǰɣƽ飺ɡ
ݼһһտ̣ҹѵָݣݴʷΪ飬Ϊ¿֮磬ϯ϶ʳּɢϯص齴輧Ʒʷ֮ǰޡ
ʲôһ𶯵صɴۡ
һԹҲ־ŭٽôδڱմȾЩϰҡһȻ
²ΡΡһָָɻûʽأǸݴʷǲǻˣǲҲˣ
԰ͷССָָţæ
ϧǣǿڵٶûлֵٶȣǵ֮ǰѱж첲
ͫһգգۣǳ棬˻˿̧Լĸ첲˻ȥ
еңڽлһ̤ţңǿҽꡣû˶˸첲ӻȥݴʷͬǸ»輧ͣЩ졢˵ģҲѪ֮֡
£
⣬ҲʷҶ齲֮˵òһߣۡ
һֱ𣬡Ҹ˵˸ѡȥ輧ǲű
Ҫٶ䣿
µͷУҵҪôԲ
ʷң֮һָۣ֪Ϊѡһ˵ΨӯһΪ˽Բ㿴Ҳ
䶨﷭ӿŭˮȥ䣬ľչ֮࣬ĵӹһ
̧Լ˪µھݿСƵע£ٴĬĬ˻ȥ
ҹյ˽´ҪԪÿһ⣬޾ϸػر絽г̡
ҹŸԪߣ￤֮Դÿ縺ŸΣһֻһֻŸԺ͡
һҹûȵŸ룬ۿԷĵƳٳٲϨǵȲ㲻˯ļٵԺǻͲɵȥŸ뵽Ķˡ
ٽ죬һǷϵĳεŸء
ƣ۷׵ĸӳԺͲŮ
۾ˣдʲôˣ
Ҳܺ棬ٽضµ飬鲻дˣ˼취Ż֪Ҫгó˵أ
ſڵƬֻ̣Ů֣صĸ֣ҹ޼
һȥһһת£˹갳ǻĺʱڡ
ʮҹ鰸ǰ鿪żľϻ׼ŷŽȥŷϻӶװˡ
̺ԵĹæūȥøϻװɣ
ʲôãϻװ֮ǰܲ»˼ģ¿һϻӵŵͺһ
ٽ˵ǳ£ʱ˵徻գٽҲĻයأ
һҭĲ⻰ˣ
ٽǲأ
Ϊٽһߣû˲ɢ꣬ÿնڣֻܵźү
ɽγ¸߰ƽһ쵽ĵʱ̣Ȼÿҹ˯֮ǰյٽš
ʱЦʱߵһ仰ǡҪΡ
飺ϣջȥһǣҲǶѵ¡
üԼ˵ڵģҪԼջôѣ
ңΪҪϣջ
үԽԽˣٽĻٳٲ飬ؾ֮ǰɾͼ
鰸ǰžƵһãõΪ¾ô˵ʱȴƲƲ죬ֽд¼ֵݹøߡ
꿴ټ̲һ֣ʵū澲ʶ֣дʲô
һҧİϻɻӡ


68 
峿, źϴʱ룬ûЪϢá
ҹٽŷú, δҹţ˯ˣһһʣҹ˯ˣ
´źǷһֱ
˯ţǲʲô£
´µĶ΢΢һͣϵ˯ɢ˸߰˰ˣĶʲô£˯ˡ
ݾһױ̨ǰ, ͨū˵, ҹٽһš
һ, һ䣡·ɿգգ, ֻǾù˵еٳٲ飬˸ҵ˶Ҫ, ʱѵһõߡ
ٽδ, үһǼ̱, ٽڲӦ޷ɣ
һν, 㣬ҵ˻Ȼ˵, ȻҪ뿪Ҳ㲻ʧҷ緶
ظֻϣȺү˵ˣԵһʱͬʽ, ˳뿪һþۺɢ
Ǳʲô۴ţ۽һֹͭǰ
ؾ֮ںٽڳĿӴ˸ģɣ
ºһ죬ױ̨ϵ߬߬
ˣٶһµ£ٽҲˡ
׼ѿڶ
̴ľһ٣ͣķҡ
Ŀ£ֱҵ˼ǡϱôܣϡͿһҲˣȥ˲ɣ
ɳôԶˣҪ˭Ҳܲǣ
üر
ūֻ裬Īū澶죬ʱūۿٽٽ̬Ȼתū澵ͬŶһʱػìܡЩٽڣū澷Ĳɻ겻ᣬֿʼһʱӲ뿪ٽֿ֮󷴶òġ
³ؿž˲ĵ
÷ӣҹߣҲ˼Щʲôū澶ֻԸ²Ϊ뿪ҲΪӲնڵġ
ùţԪȥͥԺɹ̫
ĺʱڣűĴ⣬±Ԫǧϴźͷ磬žݷŵĻ˼һˣȻͷһԪš
Ԫһ˦ֻ׶Դ
ţû׺ܿµĹ
Ԫͷ̫׵ӡ
Թ̧˵һֻȮףﲻȥܺ£Ƣȴ˵ԼΪϲһ𡭡һʼ϶ţǲǣ
ǺʶԼĲԣĺˣ˳ÿǰĴתеװͰ͵ӣҲоƺϲ㣬ǵúöö˵Ļ£㷢֮ܺǰϲˡ
ԣҲȫֻΪŰƭܻΪϲģԭռɰɡĻԭ𣿡
˵һͷԪŲ֪ʱѾԴ˯ſϣ˵ûѹû
̾һһ̧ۣ߾ɲվͥԺſһֱ壺ʲôʱģ
æǰͷ֣ؿС˸ǿԺûˣ֪ͬ˭˵ʲôӣһۡ
ҸԪ˵ء
С˺ʲôԭ²ԭµġ
°Ԫǰ챻ͷĹ۸ˣҲ֪벻ԭ˼ң˼һ棬
ԭˣԪֲ˵Ҳûѽͷ֪ĻС˵һӡ
ºʲôӣ
ԭԭ£ҪԪϲϲ˼ң߽һЩԪŻ᲻䵽˼ȥ뽻ѵĻʵġ
ϲϲʵġ
ĬߵĻ£üͷ˼գգۡ
˯ǰٴյš
Ԫߴȥݣ۶ȥ۷ݣƻݣһȦӡ
ǰʱ˵Լѵִݽǣб˵ڽǵг̣꾡ԵƤӣƤľӨ͸˵ǽ̡֭ᡢ㡢ʾȫһƤοɿڵĻ˵˵شʷȥǳؿſٶԼƤӣպ˵İϻ飬㻺һٹ顣

¿Ŀ࣬ҲСʳضͨͲסʮ꣬ƤӶûԹ
һƤӾͽסŲˣջԪ˵ܾ֮ǰϲˣʲôϲҲˣ
Уǡ顱˼Ļôⶼ
ţ٣
½ϻӣһϻǣظһһ
ԼջͶҽָһ£Ҳװˣ˯һʵڣ
ϴ齣޺ޱۡ
Ǵŭ⣬һ˯òô̤ʵշתȥʼղߣò˯ţȫƤӡ
ʾݹ꣬ųʲô˵Ƥӡ
ʱųʲôǻ˵Ƥӡ
ϣ˵ܻܲƤӰɣ˵ٽ˺ööƤӻȫƤӣǲԾҪ
ͷۻһ
һģȴûӲķһеӲеĶͬʱһƺڶ
ãһƫͷ齱˸ˣûüһȿƫתġ
£ԪȭѹѹСһ磬Ҳ֪һǻʲô£˯ͦΣա
»ۣͷɢ¿˿ִ˵Է˿Ҳߵҹ
ô㲻ڽǳƤ𡭡¾صͷȥͷŰδˣ΢ڣǸõ·δžϻ˸ɾӷйԡ㡣
ԪߴӷһجΡﻺգգ͵ۣһ
¡һббȥԴ䵽ϣ˱
Ԫת㶼ҪһˣһʲôƤӣ
ʵֱۣǰߵźߵºһͷ˿ֺ⣬СȵضƤԼ˵𡭡
ϲ˭֪ҹ˯ô硣
յŵʱ͡
͹Ƽӱ̻ˡԪ߽ۡ
¿Ŀĳһһز
Ԫۣһһҹͻô񣿡
㻹Ҫʲô̧ıӡ
Ԫһ䣺˵أ
䴦ѪҺһɲ̵ĺˮӿſڱһ䡰ȴȻڴ˿̼ʲôĬĬ⡣
˵½ŵ£ҲǲУǡҪ顣
Ԫüһ¶ʣʲô
鿴ûĻҵĴɱûĿѣԵӻһҲûĳķ»ֻһԭԭʵʲô𰸡
ɺãҪָָ齡
Ԫ߳ɿƽɻϡ
ɢڷһ࣬˻һҪȥһ˲գĿ⣬̧һס۾
ԪĵĺڰգգۣоƺƬ̺һ㳯һ룬֮ңĵطͣס
ԪһţҪʲô顪
ʪɨ´
һ£һѻֱ­
ոգһ£


69 
ܵԪͻ, ס֮ԼҲһΪյ˫۲
ǱġһߵĴ, 𷽲һ˲µĴ, º֪ȣƵ˺һЩ
Ĭ䣬һûпڽͣһҲûпʻ, ֻиԿѹ͵ĺȻ
¹Ԫ, ̧Ƥȥ۾Ƹס, , ͦıӳռͶӰô, ȴÿʱز
ҡ¿һ, ٴȥ
ڶ˿һ, ͷѵˮһıǼ⡣
Ԫߴһ˫߬ȭ, ΢΢̧
Ŀ, , ִȥһ°͡
Ԫߺ, ¹
ĶŲߣͷĺ, ʲô
·֪ڿ, עһΡ
ºգգۣСſȥĺᡣ
Ԫ̧, һѿס󣬷
һɲһתĵߵڷɢ齣һ̧ͷۿϷȫȻסӰ֮£˫۾ӿһͷǶס
𣿡Ԫһɤ
ǵȫϢÿԾɤۣбӵ֣ɪ£С
ôãͻУ
ġ
Ԫһ𣿡
ˡ
ǡԪ΢ۣĿ΢̵ĵˣ
һû𣬹̵ıϢԪѾͷƴʱã·ߵݹأ롣
δһ£»һܲס˶㡣
Ԫ߿ֻɿת°ͣ׽ס
±ſһϸоҪ븹һȡûշתأҲȥ
߬ӣ۳޴ģ׵ô̧һֻȥļ硣
Ԫ߶һ٣ɿ̧
°ۣɫ죬Ǽ߳ϸܺ飬˼˵ϻҸղſûôסˣڳˡ
Ԫգգۣи˵·㷽ʱҿδ֡
㵱Ȼңµñңҡ
ǿ˵˵ϲôף
ɤӣ򴽣ƿߣ񡪡ϴС
ϴΣԪ¶֮ɫϴʲôͿ㣬ǵˡ
»عŭ̧һ㶼ҲǵãǾͱˣ
֪ˣһЩԪߴۣĴָָḧˮ乵Ĵ꣬ĦĴǣͷٴȥ
һ磬±ͷѡ
оȺģ䱳·һֻ̿¯Ժۣʱ»£һ̽һƬȵţһѹ
ƿһͷһϡ
һתۣԪѹ˯š
ѽ¾̾һһһµ˳ȥ
Ԫ߱գһƤۿ˴޵Ľ£¶ʡ
ǰߵ𣿡ָָ߸ͷ
ҹԪҪҹڣҹˣŲһ˵صȷӦ֮ǰ뿪
ѵʱѾˡˡԪ̧ಱ
㲻ÿ첻ȥӪ𣿡
Ҫҹʱ˯ġ
üһ
弸ʱʱ˵·ޡ
Ҳǣһһҹ߲ݣޣǾ糯ˡ
ǡǾݺ͹ǲˣǲǿˣ
Ԫбǰʱܹǣ
ƲƲ죺ôһҿ̹Ҫؾ׵ģô
뵽¥ܵľݺ͹꣬뵽Ϊ֮İӼдŵΣ뵽ǧ֮⧲ͽҶŮµ࣬뵽˸뵽˸˿·ϵ²֪ƤŹ
˼ǡԪֱ𣬶סˣ
ҡͷҿû˵дǣҵŰɡ
Ԫ߱۲Ŀҹͬ齶ʲô
ͬ齶ôΰ޵ʤҲûһҪ˵
磬ûרδѧ
ԪƲͷЦ۵УȻֻǡĻ֮עЩˡ
ΪΣҪң
Ԫ̧Ĵָָ´ˡ
һ飬ָ⸧ԼĴҹ׵˶һûһµŵȥɱױ̨ǰһͭغعͷԪߡ
Ժδ٣ҵ齣
֪촽ôʮ극ల£װ޾͡ȷʵס
ֻǼԪߺˣȫˣʵвʣںԼ㣬´һҲ
ġ
һ˼գǴϢ˵ºİӳ˽Դɱ֮ն
֮Եһʱ̵õϢǰѩһΣԪʮ߾βͳһͷ߱ϲ˵֮Ҳع˼ɣɴ󷽷̤ˡ
˵Ϣʱȴ̤¡
ݼƺߣôˣ˷ֵÿĵ¡
̾˿ֻԩԩ౨ʱˣ±Ӳº׿ƺ˽ŶԪҳͷǣºΪӳͷɱҡӼǱţлһգʱ֪᲻һȷѪꡣ
ɻ󣺡ٽû˵ӼҵӼҵ˿»زˡ
ΪΣ𣿡
ǣӼж;ʧ٣ݣݷǾܻˡ
£һ㶣ûͬ˵ѽô֪ģ
ū´֣ػظϴ棬¶ڴ£˵Ӽ벻ԭ֮˵лᶫɽôһݣֻ·һˡ
ӼΪô벻ڴǰس˵¡ǲųû𣿡
ûãԪҹʧٵģʱھܣ϶ɽ
ôԪҹ˵һһ٣ɫ΢΢һ䡣
ԪǲպԪ߳
ǰųӼ˺ݣѵǳģ
һ·һ£δκΣա
ӼһҲ̫֪ǵг̣Ҫ˵֪飬ҲԪ֪Ӽ˵С
ȵȣϸʱ£ǵڳƻߵģԪƺż·Ԫˡ
վԪҹȥһˣ뱦ΰһڡ
֮²ӼԪߵɣԪȥӼ˵ɡ
ݣ½ŵ£ȻһµĲ룬ӳ߹ٵĵһվ϶ɽԶûпһҹ֮أ
ԺµΣһӦЩѣǼеĿĺ֣пܡ
³䣬߬ȭǼһӼ˼ţҼߣ֮һûлһҹִ֮Ӽ֮أ
ͬԶһЩһҹˡ
ԣԪҹĻᡭ³ţԼԪգԪ߻ƺйѪʲôζ˵һֻҰø
´˸¡
ǲģҲӦ˹
ģǽ¼Կ϶ܴɺϡ
ʱ뿴ƵԸдˣǲѣԪС¶պǲŽг̿һһûз
ΪҪǵӼһͷԲҪնݳ
׿Ҳδ˵ز
Ŷ˼ʵǰֹΪλǰ׼Ӽҵ֤ʱ˵ĸãԱʱ֮裬ȥԺ֮ǰʵ㲻áá²ǵΪ
¿ȥԺԡҲʮվסš
ѵǳӲ¡ӼҲȥԺ
룬꣺ɼǵٽȥԺ֮ǰӼھǷʲôìܣ˵ԼӼҵìܣΪҡ
ҡҡͷū澲ǵ£ٽȥԺ֮ǰ߻ء

ǵþͲǵã˵ʲôûõġ·۵ӣ˳⻰ˣǲΪҴ飬Һüţ
ǹٽǻҽҽˡˡĸȥ𣿡
üͷ
ˣôһ£ڵʱ£Ȼ©ٳ
ԪôһλֻشҽɣΪλҪҽ
޲߲ȥѰĻԵô綼ҽõˣȥĻΪһ˵Σһӣ
ԪߣķõΣԪ߻˵ʯкת㽫ƳۡȥӪˡ
ٺԪûᣬҲٹĴ¡
»ͷȥɷѪǴͷβȻ֪߷
˼⣬ɿ߾ǰ㻽ǰߣ߾һиʯĸӦ֪
Ŀ΢΢һֱǣС֪
ǰڶսʱˣھˣûͬһغҺһֱδ
ߵͷȥٽСҲҪٽɡ
˼صͷŶһ
ӺߴӪڣºվ鰸ǰٽߴĻö˶ʯӦͻȻһ¡ǲǻʲôˣ
Ԫšüû˵
º軹תԽ翤֪ٽ
ԪѾһƤڣϻ˵˸ֱŤ׼ʲô
ºһָϥǣԴصĻϥ


70 
ҹ, ԪߴӾӪظ˸ϴȥ䳡۹һɾӷ߽Ժ
ԶԶǼŷŴ, һ֧ժǰ, ʲôҲûƺѾá
ǧǰһЦ˳ݸ˻һ, Ԫߵͷɦɦü, ǰȥ, ߵ¡
¶ûͷ, ɡ
ر, ־Ǹˡ
Ԫ߿ż, ֹ£, ͷ̽̽ɫôһˣ
򴽣ҹҪ˵Ļ, еڶ𣿡
˵վ˵ǡԪһͷԼϥǡ
Űɡ
ǴˣȴӲġ
Ԫڽ齳ϥ, ǰͭӾп۽, ƽƽһߡ
ĬƬ, Ԫ߸ϥϵճȭߵ¡ʯѾˡ
֮еĴ𰸣̧ͷ, ͭ￴ԣҵҽʿβǲǣ
ǡ
ŷӣͻͨƭҵģ
ǡ
üΪҪƭңӦ֪Ǻ, βãҲ԰οο㣬ֲô
УǸʱֲ֪һҽʿţҲ֪һʱҾһԣô棬ҵɵһͨһģ
ԪĬضա
˵ѽ´ߴ١
Ϊʱ򡪡Ԫ߿ˣѾûˡ
±ش˸սۡ
Ѿûˡ
ԣʱŰѵһ˵
Ϊţڳô£Ԫ˵ʲôΪʱӴҽʿȻ
ǣ½Ӳת
ɱġ
Ϊʲô۽һʯɱģӼж
Ž²۽ޣԪߺһ졣
ɱ£ԱͬԷһϡƽŵġǲԸܵĿ£ȴ˵һֶ
ιȥԪ߿ڣҲɱġ
ڴµ߬£
ǵ˵ʯľˣ׼ȷ˵ӦֳľˣȻɱ˸ʯô˵˵һҲǼٵġ
ɱ˸ʯԺȥԺӼңѵΪ
Ϊǣһͽһ֡
Ԫɫƽ·һ޹ʹ֮£ȻԽ޲ͺԽƽµľ졣
촽ԡԪǵսɳ˰
Ԫߵͷȥ
һˮͷ£µ죬һ˲䵽ݹսֽű
һ죬ӼҵĳԹ˸ָĿܣľ𰸡
뵽ܣûƢûֻﰲö˶
һ̣Ը˵޷½⣬뷢Ƣɡ
ǰٴθֳɽʲݵĹ·أ·ܱΪĻҪ̡
ĵһط̧ζסǰˣֳΪ˸𡣡
ףɱⱱˣһ·ɱͥյǵء
ʯͽͽҳĻ֣Ȼɱͽ
ֲĻ֣㽫Ӽжһˡ
Ԫ߻ؿǡ
¾Ƭ̣Ȼƿۻعȥͷȥס
Ԫ΢΢һ㶣ʹĲ£
ûõ𻰣һΣȴȵһ͵͵ġ̵ĳ
ԪĿһ첽ǰȥôˣʲô
µͷ˳ָ£һҭ˵
ԪѾû޹ָ·ֽԼػغļǸ˽ĵĿûǰᣬʱҲûС
Ԫ߳ɵվ󣬲²һˣѩǶҲû˵
Щ£֪ԽԽȫ֪Ҳûʲôô
µ
Ԫһ˵һȥ֣±ȥ
Ԫüһϣϥץֲû
Ŀĵ۴ס˻ͷ
̧һ˫ۣӯӯֲ
ǰ޵ԭܼ򵥣µһۿҲһ߿һָˣſűԼ˵˴𰸡
ôˣԪüͷָȥպ۽ǵᡣ
µỹµ֪
Ҳ֪Ϊʲôֻǵ֪ʶ굽ʲôʱͻȻܡ
ΪôͷֳΪ˴Ӵ˿Իڹ¡
ڸĺڰ
֪Ԫ߶۾ڹƭ㣿
ºſǻ֣ƭҵ»һֵù𣡡
ֲһ׮׮֣ʲô
ģؿ
ʲôΪ֪иƭ޵ʱѾ˰ɡ
ϵ£ϵˣʱ򲢲ǷǺڼסǷǶԴ˳и˵ɣһеĶԣһеĴ
׵ѪԣصĴΪأһȻǶԵġ
ԣ֪ײԴѵϲһδӶɱָƭزı߹أĿԣҲǴġ
ҪǷǶԴƽϴ£ԶҲн
ԾݸģҪΪ£ҲҪΪӲ뿪ܹƽµģŤתĶԴǲŤת⣬ǡϲ£ϲ뿪
ԭΪϲ
ۿµһһУԪ׼ʲôһ£ô죿
ֿ̧˿ᣬȻһһصҿ
Ԫһ㶣ʲô
Ѿˡ
Ԫգգֽۣ˸ͽۣѵۣȥһߡ
ϣһѰǿ½
Ԫüһ̧
»һ߿ޣһ߷Ѿؽ½ǣָûûعβ
Ԫ¸һһסѲݵ֣Լȥ
׵뱩¶£ȴһҲûкߵ˼ۣϸϸǰ󱳼״һİ̺ۣһҭŹ棺ộΪ˱ȫһ顭
ԪĿ΢ƺڿʲôˣĬĬջУһξˡ
һô࣬ܵס𡭡ԼίƵģ޵øˡ
Ԫ̧һЦ̧Ħ޵úͮͮıǼ⣺ôܲסҿޣҶܵס
˵ҿޱȵ󣿡
ôǣ
µһۣٴδȥһķ̧ʳָСĴȥ
Ԫߺһգɹ̵һ顣
ָסƫͷۣ
˵أԪ߳ŵİ붨һһ˻
ºȻסͷȥǿµ͹һǣһףͲˡ


71 
ʪϺ³ı, ǧֻϸOO@@һػͷ­һ·ӡ
촺, εضðͷһ˲䣬Ԫ߽Ӳ˽µϡ
ϵȴȻк, ᴵͲ۵Ĵ, ˱ĺһҪο˺ۡ
Ԫ۹ֱֱŲԶͭӾп壬򹻲, ɴĲΪ, ˫, 䣬֫ڣİȫӿ˳
Ԫ߽һĻϢأһ̧֣ס
ͣ, ⽪һ˸, һбб
Ԫһƺ, ɲǼ䣬ܵӵ
Ԫϣ𷽲һɲĴУ㶵ͷȥ
ߵִǰһ̣ԪѸһ̧֣סۡ
գգոᣬĳɨ, űʣʲô
ԪߴϢű˱ۣѹ±鲼֫ٺ궯ûʲô
̧־Ҫȥ֡
ԪϷأ˿
ûʲôʲôüͷڻ谵кȥ
Ԫһֻһգ׽סһ
˫ֱ裬˼ز²㲻ΪҽҪһܣ˸ӷɣ

͵ǡ
͵ǣǱ㲻ǣһǱӻص¡
һμ飬ºץӷΣʲôҿ
ܿԪͻͻֱ
ΪʲôܿҲˡ
ֲ֣˭ԸĨҪѧ㱦ΰ梡
һ㶡ôͻȻϱΰˡ
Ԫ߳һɿֺۣͷè̶Ƶһ࿪һվ𣬱ֱȥ
ǰȻָ±̽һۣ۲׷ȥһ·׷䣬ȴֻüԡȱֺ£һ죬ͷ˨
վ˶ţȻʶ߽
ԡɹҹԡµ£
µɴſڽࡣ
һ֮Ԫ߱סţͷۣźʱ֣ʱ㿴
ǣҲҲˣżţҪ̧ͷ
Ԫ̧ͷȥ
סԼ졣
Ĭһʱ侲ţδһˮص춼ŶĤ
㡪ˣ¶ʡ
Ԫ߾ԡƵ𣬶ס˽ǰǼᱡ⻬ϸ׹Ķɫ£ۿϸٳδˮ飬ᶯˡ
ղպ죬ۣڶ㱳ȥ
ȻͷԪɤһ¡
š
ԡá
Ӻ󣬽Ůźž۵£ſڴԡˮطȥ
ÿδ֮ǰԡ𣿷źֳЩҲ̫ˡ
ȷʵɾĺҲûôɲƤƵϴɡ
ˣÿѾˣôôãööðɡ
մļ£ʲôͼţһ벻ˡ
ˣˣÿÿûòֵġ
˵ʲôֲ֣ʱֺʱǵǣ
ˣ˵ѧΰ梣ͷȥʱΰ梾ǡ
Դһһȵʵڷۡ
Ԫߴԡʱ򣬼ű͸ϣ촽΢̣೤Ѿ˯ˡ
ŰˮԪߵͷһԼһº۴ϣϵøǰȥϥضǰһڻǾ̿
ţԺתۣϴˣôôá
Ԫ̧֣ĴָָĦգʰԡһطȥˡ
طѹ㲻˯ԡʲô
Ԫһҭ
ôӲжĥɱ¿ءȵƤܣ𣿡Ʋ칾档
˯
㲻𣿡
ǲٶֶţ
üҶֶŻίˣ
Ԫָؽƽüģ̲סί㡣
ɥĸΨһ۰ĳǾ˸ֻǶףؼҲδֽϰŮ֮£׽ʱ޷ִ硣Щ»Ҳдߵġסˡ
üĲ⣬ԪƱ齣ֱ۴£ҴһͷĳгУ㶯Ҷÿʲô̡
˭ϡˡűȥ
ԪƫͷĺףƬּ̣ˬתôҲϡ㣬Ҳϡˣ
ԪĵԺｲĿΡ֮߼ϣȥ֮Ӵ֮Ȼ˱˻
ɺãرۡ
ҹ˾һգǰϵ˼ƮԺ²֪ģȻҹЩˡ
ڳ򸮶Ժ᷿ɫҰܵĸʯԪԺ䡢Ӳº׿һֻţյĿֲУȴնº
һǰÿһŶĿմ࣬һ˫նѪۣĶ
һתۣ֪ҹɫ£һѪվǰЦţΪͽ𣿡
ȾѪ֮ˣһҲѪ֮С
һתۣ̳ɳϣǧ棬Ԫ߸߾ϣִǹʿ䳯ǰƴɱӭ£ǰļʸ̴š
תŴϲױ̨ǰŴֵ죬ֵʾ꣬ʱѵΪλױ
ݺ͹۸˵ٽѾȢˡ
𶯵ǰͭſԼĲϲһصɥϲ֣ɥ֡
һѣ·ױ̨һɲ¡
£ߺȻ˻֣һһ
ȵָʪ۽ǣӾĹȵ
絶ʰϢˮģгһϤ
Ȼ䣬񲻸Ƶģգۿᣬ̧ʳָʲôһᴥָб޵üƵӢͦıٵĴ
Ԫ߱ڻۿָţüʣجˣ
һ㶣һʻѣƫͷ׵Էȼⴺҹů
ûʲôѪ䣬Ҳûʲôսûʲôɥ
جˡ
ֻ˸جΡ
ĿĺĿİףһ˲ľеͺ꣬˵ˣɱȴ˰Ĺ餺Ʈİᦡ
ҲһĳϦҹԶһӲ֪ȹķˣò׶ˣһֻȶԣȻܹ˵Ծˡ
񱻺ݺݼѹ¼ôδйһѱԪߡ
Ԫһͷȥμʲôˡ
ԪߣǲǻҡºȻ̧ͷſڡ
ĳ𡪡ǲǻûꣿ


72 
䶨, 𶸵һԪĿһͷŻˣΪʲôôʣ
Ǿá߬ĸŵôݴս, ûꡭ
μӼ˵žδ˽, Ǿδ˽˲Ρ
ŰΰʱԼ뵽һֵ£ӼʧٺԪ뾩ͬһ, µԭί, ʲһҲµ, ɻʲΪλĬԪ˽أ
²µֲͨ, Ԫߴ˾ս
ʲδ, ǲΪ»û, ֲ, Ե¸ҪĲ׷ԪߣǽԪߵôˣ
ֲǲҲָʹ, 뺦ֳģˣ
Ԫ߾뽪¶ţû˵
ԸӼӼұиǲǻΣգ
һ伱ߴ, Ԫ߳ĬΣʣμôˣų
ѵļ괩͸ŵĻ, 糱ˮһ磬µɤ۷飬¸촽¿˺üζû˵ڡ
Ԫšü˸ĶͷȥյȲ, ʹסö
μμ̣ö»˳һִʶƴյĳ
Ԫϸţ˵꣬һ㶹Ц𣿾ϹΡ
Ҳһ㶣ôϹˣ
Ƽףؼſɴţȹعؼһ֧ҲָĹֿɲݣ˵ļꣿ
±˱죺һأ
Ҳ޻֮Σսļô˵õңԪЦһҽеͶԭزߵģ֪𣿡
ޡ˵ʲôģһס죬ûʲôǣǵսôܽеͶ
Ԫ߽ģǻʲô
߶šðɡ˻ԴɢЩĻ棬Сõţȥ
һجΣ˯ͲѣŮźùţڻҹ·Ȼᵽһǻζ
Ʈʲôζ¸¿ӣŮ
޵ıһͨݺ͹껹δʲôɻƿ֧ժȥ
һͥԺ쾮·һֻȼյĻ裬һһư֮һһŰֽˣԤһƵ
ݺ͹զʳ⡢ʲô
̧ͷԴվڴߣæ񣺡ٷˣٽȥӪǰķԸ
ԸԺһָ裬ֽǮ
ǣٷ˷ģôǮ²סӼ˵죿˵ŲֽǮͶƲɢдʣԩͷծҪҾٽȥٷʲôӢۺú
£
һ̧ͷ۵ĻƣĵȷƣٽʱҲ˺һء
ϸٽɱˣûʮҲоţ޹ٽΣٽҲӲ񣬺Լµֽ꣬Ǯˡ
Ϊٽȥι˲ǣһʬ޴棬ҲǰɣպúøֽǮٷˣСٽǼֻʬǵĲҳʸȡһ飡

һʹůһ飬һۡ
ٽͦġ
֪ǮסӼ˵죬ʸȡǵвסӼ˵죬չ󣬽µûμЩ
ֻ˵ξеͶ䣬ɢجΣȴɢ˽µء
ҹԪߣĳǲǻû꣬ܶδ𣬻ǲƭĲʵҲѾǴˡ
·˼ţ˭ûʲ֪ͨȴҲ޷׺֮˺ս
۴ǣֻһӶڶʹꡣ
Ԫ뾩գԪ˵ĻϧҪСҪһ·ע۰
ŻʱԪǲѾзˡ
Ҫз꣬⵹ӼǰЩıֶαɣ˳ҪӶΪУһս
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ѮһգѩճӪʿɷҲȥһˡ
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ƻʱ֣ѩվ䳡ĸ̨±Źս
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һʮգһοسսѩһ𺳵ۣɳʯ涼ȥ
ۿسһʿԶԶڹһֵһԪߣٶԶ࣬ǲʧʣ
Ԫ߸ֹս֣һسһռݵƣʵսʱڹеͻ£Ƿıͳسһ
ǹеأسǷ٣ô죿
סʿǾʤؼ
»Ȼͷۿһʿϳ¥سһʿۼֿ㵹ͰĻˮˮʿ㱻ºжսʣͰװĻˮʲô
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֪ͨˮʿѵ浶ǹͶʯɱˮҲͬĵʣսʲôˮ
ȵĽ֭
֭ʲô
Ԫƫͷһۣ㲻֪ġ
ƲƲ죺ʲôӣ˵
ã֭ӦǡһѩŶ˶Ի¶˵֡
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ԪʧЦ̧ȥĸ˵㲻֪
յı͡͵ˣȥЪ³Ԫ߻ӻθת̨ȥ
Ԫ߿۽µıӰҪתͷѩ࣬ѩѾ̧ȥȥЩá
Ԫ߳ѩͷ͡
ӪյڵȲѹŻ⣬Ԫߵϻ˻𷽲ѩǾ䡰ˮ˼ʣΪλҪ֭˵Уȶͦ˵İɡ
ѩҡҡͷȵĽ֭ǿ˵УɱˣȾϵ˿ڣ֭˺ܿʧȥսˡ
ԭ
ҲǴǰԪ˵ģ̵ŵ࣬Ϊرұסˡ
µͷôһ룬ģֻһƴɱп
֪سʱǲҲЩ
ºȻѩʵôӪ
Ȳ裬޵ʹգգۣ뿴ÿ춼ЩʲôǽԺʲôҲ֪
ʲôҲֻ֪һһ﷢ţӶǧһʱҲûͷսɾǾòܻʱʱҹΡ
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ЦЦ˵һʼҲף֪ԭȺĶͲˣʹǳ˵ĵطҶˣĵΪĻ治ףƽճ۸ѹĸûȨƣҲҪԼĸһǰ̣ȢһӣҡСʱ飬ĸ˫һ޵κͻʲʱջصĳ谮˵䡣
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ѩҡҡͷ룬ѡѣܻ˾ãҪ¡
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ѪҲܷ£Ҫʣ֪Ԫ߷ɵ¡
Ķ͢ҶηĺӶɵߵ⣬һߡ
˫ֱϥ°͵ϥǣصֻ룬ǰףΪȢɵͬһ򣬿һ죬ɵºȢԯޣֻߡҪΪɵ¸Ĵۣô죿
ǲǡǱµһ


73 
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˿ǰ˵ֻһ, ²ȱĿҲȰֹЩҪȥδ¡
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Ϊ, Ȱοһǧٿ׵ȥһѪ, ȫ, ܵԲ
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˼ǰ죬ѩʲôҲû˵ֻʳһ䣺Щ£ٽ˵
ҡҡͷһûԼҪʲô, ˵˲ͽص
һ֮⣬Ԫ߾űϣͷ޻, ֻ߬ճȭ
нŲһ١ֽڣԪ߻ͷ˸ƣʳУ°һƣʾͽȥ
ףӪʡ
ͷµһķŵĵ䣺ٽأһ𣿡
ȥȸԾʲôҲûС
ҹʱԪ߽ҹѵϻسǵ
Щ㣬Ԫÿһͬظѩڣͷǰңȱţͷ
һ·϶ǽʻѩ׼ûؾң˵ˣȥһ·ֵģҪϽ֮سԺʲôǵôƽԼ˵˵ʱ¡
ִֿջԪһԾڳŵĵط
ѩųŽεµأԪ߸˸񣺡նлٽ׼ӪЩҾͻؾȥˣٽæձô˻ǰˡ
Ԫߵͷһ·ء
¸ǰѩһ˫֣ѩఢǰԶһ·Ҫǰ
ѩഹһЦĬĬס֣Ҳأڳһֽ𰡣
Ŀѩ߽ջһŮӵ̾ϢѩȥıӰ˵ȥӪһطҲԸˣźûӦǾ䡮ǰ
ԪߺȻƫͷ£أ
ʲôһ㶡
һ·ܷǰ
Ԫһ˲գ˫ۣ³Ĭãһ°ͣôܣ
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Ҳʮ꣬أѵҪΪһ㲻ϵһӹѲɣҹҹϸ裬ķˡʲôǽύ˵أУұȥύʮٸ
Ԫߵͷȥָָ䣬һһ۽ָ˭᣿
´ۣյ֣оÿָץ֮ƽոء
ǲѩ˵ˣºɵ롣
ҽԪգգ۵˵ȥ
¸գգۣϴ𣿡

Ԫ߻̧һֻգûϴôţ
һĿ֣ˣҵ齣
Ҳ֪˭ÿʢ齲ҪԴԽԽȣԽԽϾû˯һ
ҲãҽúЪһԪ߱ڱۡ
ת˯಻û˵λô㣿
Ԫһ۷죬ҡͷ˯಻ãԼԼ
һմůתģͱã֣ȻѲżؾɾ˸Ӧ·Ҫÿ죬ѮõºЩ˻û
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˯࣬˰ҲûŴʣԪһ֣ڵ
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һӺԪߴϳԷױ̨ǰСͨŷ˵ԭ
ū˴ңүĻǲ֣ӦѮִ갣ū澲̫һ·㵢˲ӡ
鵽񶼲Ҫˡ
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Ҳȫǣүū˵ٽ޿أū澿ṫദΡ
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˸뽫ҸϽ޳ȥѽǰ˵ĵ˾ںס𣿡һ
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ϻϱ߷һţżԼࡪ
ʣ𰸾ڴϻС
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һɫŨͼӳͼһһŮ¶齣ŮſŶʲôӸϣЯģһĹӡ
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нŲڳķߵ˽ȥӪˣſɻ
߬վһԪߣߴƣ¡
ԪһŶס΢΢һͣ˳ߴۿ˿Լ
ʲôҲûȴŹƵĻһĵžһ¶䡣
ڵذϣһ۹
֮ɫһŮ˹齣鷿ͥԺڻԣššվšţͬЭ̬ǧٹ֣ۻҡ
ºԪͷȥĿɨһ̧ͷһۡ


74 
һ֮õĶ, ԪߣԺһĻĻ
Զ·ϵվҵ, , ˵ȥԡժģЩÿÿӵ, ϰ罺, °ֵһ
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΢ȵķӰ뿪֧ժգƮĿٴγԪ߸·ȥ
һۣһ۾̵, һ۾̵ɿתס˱
ŰĳĬ, µͷŽµ̯ӣƤСһٴĺߺ󣺡ţ
С, Լ⺬ĻʰæֻŽŶȥ顣
һ, ͷβԭδ򿪵һӻȫ̯˿
СһƵĵ߳ӣԽԽղ
½Ӳػתۿȥ˴˼в̬һĻĻԾȻֽϣէй, ֽڳĵĳٸ
Ǳ˵ĶſǰȴԪߵĿ
һ̧ۣԪҲͷһбЩ
ڰײٴһ㣬Ťͷȥ
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ҲǡԪߵͷȥ̧ѥߡ
ɽಽɵһŰżһſվȣĿǰٴ̧ѥ˳ȥ
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Уֲ֮һ
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Ԫ߳Ĭעǰãһ
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75 
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Ԫ߲ؿڸ֮ƯҰ㣬ٿҲûԣժҰ伢ڳġ
ԳԿ߸磿

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һһеߣºԪſӽű˴ˣһƬ̡
ˣ˵Ķԣ¶ɴݻ־ɣ¿ӣ꣬Ҳգ⵽˾С
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ҽָҲ
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Ԫվ˫ָǰɤӣʣǧ쳤վãβȴ⣬ǰʲô
ЦһҿͷӦˣҪʲô
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㣬᲻áҡҡͷ
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ĳļ򣺡аٸУ巢ʹΪ̣ȴ
ԡػԡ˺ü飬ϴȥҳմȾһ̻
հʾǣԪ߷ָأʲô취Ĺ⾰һЩ˵ԵҪץסӵģץסӵθһζ
֪Բˣ粻ɵء
°̾Ŵԡһۿ˸ˡ
Ԫԡһӷֱ۱Ŀ
źŮ֪ҹλӱҪæȥԷš
Ҳ˽Ųǰȥ齱ߣˣģ˯ˣСıܿȥ
Ҫһſˣһصߵ˱˸棬Խı
ڷǰѩ׵ȹҶѵԪϣֱ֧࣬ĿѾá
û˯̧ۻ˵һ룬㱻̵Ƕס˻
걻ʪϤζԳضſѻ˵꣬ȴַҲҪֱ̧ۣ§סĲ
»¶һ԰׵ô۵ѩ弡󣬼Ԫߵͷշת룬ɣó˳˵ļơ
һΣǻװµĲҲؽйǵûѹĲɬػ
˱ǼײűǼ⣬ײŴݡӣ͸Ϣһһͽ棬˴˾ˮƮʼ䡣
½оԼ֫ٺһʧȦ
Ԫһֽһ۹һԼĲһŲһϸһ顣
ӿ֮ʱɿ֮ǰһ
ȻۣͷȥȹɢԴȻһ죬ɿ챧ڵصɴۡ
ԪߵͷŰ¶ڶѩɫۿɽҵĺ籡Ŀһ
¿䴦ӿɫ̵ÿ
Ժһ˲両ֳһĻĻͼᣬҲ״»㡢ʲô㲻Ҫ
Ԫ̧ۣɤɳ죺Ƕҹ¡
ǡҪ
ÿҸ㡣
»أ˵ƻɿ֡
Ԫߴۿһ²ͷ˱סѩɫԵļ
ǰһ׹»һͷסͷĳг
ԪһҪĵطӡ
ϸĴʹĵʹĵҡ䣬ۿͷģǼĵطָ߬˱졣
һֱָ߬ǷףԪ߲ɿ̧ͷ
һðǵͷĿѣᴭۡ
ʹʹԪʡ
۽ˮ磺ʹ
Ǿͺúüҡ


76 
, 갳⣬ߴ֮һ׵߾, װ
ϣݰȴųｪºԪĻһ, һж, ʶȥ࣬⡰չˡһ˲°˱顣
, ¿Ԫ߻, , ̧ʣ´ټҪȵؽˣ
ԪߵͷٵĻ
ٶǴ£ǲҪеĺã
Ԫߵȥ˸޽ǣҪ㵽վ
ˡƲƲ죬;ǧһ, ͵õվҲͲ, ˰ɡ
ʱܵ, վҪҰ, ʱҰ߶࡭
üһɿǿ̰ɣ
, Ԫ, ʲôߴüƿȥ𣿡
ҹļͬ㸡ͼһǰյ, Ǻ㻹˵
˱ҧһɫߣŮΪˣЩҪȥҽֻܽ˵ǱԪġ
ǹ𣿡üͷ
ԪüһĶĶ
²Ŀ˫ҲڵӣɲԱС
ʲôˣ㣬β߼գûԶɣһ·ôɣδ޸պ֮ܵУ
ҭҭɷİɣԴϻڿջ˼ұЫǰЩҸѩఢУһ仰û˵
ԪЦչ֣Ħ£ˣ̰ɡ
ü۵ͷСĴָһֱֱ۲ɿۿ
Ԫ߷һתΪ׵֧˾ӣɫȻӯƽؾһ·֮ͬΥߣá
ǡ
ӿΣǰʻȥ̽⣬ԶԶĿ˻֣ûʵĳǳϣڷֳģ
һº¿ݵؽ硣
߸ͷȰֱӣ޷Ƶ죬Ѭһ㣬Ŀ֮Ҷ˿ΨԲ˻벻ϣ·Ũڣһһ˳
ڹﻺƣУھһ̲ͣΪҡӣۿűͰȫȻˮûһ˿⣬ķҲȲĲѡ
һ࣬ԭӲ඼õˣ˭֪ϡʮѷȣǰڹˬɴµ£ϣһ·ԽԽأ·ҲԽԽ
˵ûܹĿȣе㰾̫סͷЩɹͷµʿ಻òж׶УƥҲʱʱҪˮʡ
ΪѰغˮԴÿնõϺЩʱѮʣɵ·Ҫߡ
һ³ȣûѣҲյϢķӵүĲʱȶȼδôˣŲڼϻ
ԭһյȵʱӦЪţǰ죬յԪǧ֮ű˵̡ݱ飬ϣ··壬סȱӿнͻסվЪվ䣬ȶٳ
ۿϯϣųɫ죬磺վıˣҲסôͷǻҸطЪЪŰɣûźүȴˡ
¸͸ؿڣѾʣ¸վжԶ
һʱ¸վҪЪţǾڸǿԽȥ
ҡҡͷ˵ǹڣ߾У򲻵ѻǲҪǡ
ݽʪȥһûʲôҪٽڣҲѡǵġ
ȵͷǣȴ֮´Ϣһһ΢˵һǰӣһȥ
ݴŷסˣ⺰ҽ
һʱ󣬽ﻺһƼͷİĳгתͷڴ齱ߣۻȻҡȡ
ˮ¿ڸشɤＷһ
ڻ˯Ȼѣˣ˵æ裬ιȣиоЩ͸𣿡
һ裬泩Щ˵ͷ
Һҽѧͽڶҽ˵ȣÿӹǽסιȥˣǿȥ롭ŷҽι𣬿һӦųȶˡ
Ÿо󾱻ģ˻̧һʣĶ
Ǵʷū澼Ĺǣȴŷҽǣ⣬˵ٽǾպݴʷſڽļݣ⻰ôҶˡʷǸڵģʲôɻ䣬߸ŵĸ֣λκʷʱƺǣҲûʲô
µͷǣ齣ȥǴʷ档
֪Ԫ߷ڶļϣһһ鷳ҲԸմȾ㲻ȰЪϢˣźϴ£˴ʷԺ
ǰԺʷã¸ձڹ쵽ſڣ΢ֵźӭǰ񣺡ӯݹ٣ʧԶӭ¹ݴʷԴ򸣽𰲣
ԴݳӸŹԼ¹ݳʷκţ
һͦ
´ˣֵض񣬶ɡ
Դֱ壬С۽µɫӿɺЩˣô᷿Ъһ¹ȥ׼ˡ
д˰УǸһ·۳Ͷ٣֪ʷеطЩ
ȻҶ֪߾˵ǻǾǻԴɫƶصͷģͽǰ¹ʷƫԺΣ
ʷסˣ
ǡԴϳһ˼Ȼ򣬡ס£¹ٸסʷЩ
ͷ
ǻԴ߾ݣ˶ƺƵӣл
ԴǸ֮ˣ˵ôҲ๻ˡ
·ȽǿƣӹȻᣬԺأ·ߣʾٷˣҹڴˣ߻΢Щ֣С֮ٵʮˣΣ
ͣ£žݵֵͷ㰲űǡ
ӦǣҪȥһ̧ͷһü忡Ʈݵӭһ١
˳߼ƵĿعͷȥҲһ
ṫӣ

ڴˣ
ڴˣ
ͬºҭԭء
¾ȹȿڣ»ؾ;ݵؽȣЪš
ˣӾڴ˵·֡һԪɬ
ǹϤƫֲԪߵɫһûԪߵ²ΪԼ뵽仵ˣ㵵ػعͷȥ
ֻ߲֪ʱȡһӣ̯֡
æͣСԽٽС˵ġ
գգۣõǣ
Ȼһǰٽͱս¼ᡣһ¶ûã߻ΪòˣȻÿЯԱʱ֮裬ǧñһʱջõ˵ϡ
Ҳ˺óһΣŻعĲӹ˹֣ڴˣңԪְ
£
ôպöһɵ㶵ǵʵˡ
߸ϽӣһĿʮпҵӦ֮ԣĳһжãֺ֪ιʶڴˣӣ
ǰЩңʷȣ˵رһܡ
߼󷭣ԭˣǲ֪ЪŹ󣬿ǸҪһ̣ͬ
ҡͷɲɣξɣ
£


77 
ĵһĻ, ʶ޿֮£һһصˡ߿ȫ죬̯߽¼ᡣ
¶ԥ, ڽµ½һ, ͷ˫ֳȥ
½ӹԺ, ͬ·ȥԪߵǸԼ˵, ֮ͬΥ߾, ٷС˱, Сֻܱ
˵ԹԵͷ, ûźȥͷˡ
һ, غԺ·ϣ·˼ҩ, һʲ֪⼸ǣ˵Ӽ֮һӿ, ž΢֮Ͻʩ࣬ѩͨҽŵҽݽȲ, ԼҲµˡ
ԭŽｵʱѩ᷿
ȵ, ˵ѩδˣæϷҽȥ
ѧͽѩ, Ŀǰõҩ˵ûʲô⣬ۼӷ£ҩȥա
·ģѩ˯ţ㲻˳䣬δǰҵ¡
α᷿·ԥһ١
·治˵лŬŬ°ͣ㲻عдЦʱֲ֪ȳ֣֪ͬˣҲͲǱ˴ӦЩ£Ϊǰ·㡣
ˡεغ˶䣬ڿ£˵ǰЩ£·һʳǶֻʣƤͷҲɹƤˣ㽫ĸˮȫ˳ȥû뵽вԶһǳԼһֻˮңȻòȼ֮׶ΧҪᣬҿκʷɴѲǾβӦʳǾˣʵĻܰԼȥ
µ˵ͷʷΪģκʷǸοġ
һ·߾ԶԶӱˣǰʳȻҲûоһΪ
ô࣬͢𣿡ü
߶Ȳͣϱ߸ȵñ磬ҲǰЩŵ֪˴κʵ±ͷ±㿪ʼˣµףµδգֿ˼ģɵ¹һֱϢˣ飬͢Ѯŵ֪ȷе̬
͢²ŵõϢѹµʱ·ԶĺһҲûСߵ·ܾͱԪ߽ӻȥˡȴ˵ʲôˣг̹߳ɣﻢ¡
üͷҡҡͷĵǣǰЩѯϱ񣬷ʵܱܿȳ͢Ŀǰ֪أϱǳǧҰɧϣȥδƽ˻𡭡ǰһ⣬Ҹ˵£ϣüֹ̬񻯡
ǳǺϢͨٵǵڣѧʶˣȻжϣ˵ܱҡ
±ֻǵԼҪգЩܼ˸ôһ˵ĵ״
æοҲҪ̫ģ֣Ӽ񣬽Ĵڵĵطڱҡ
µͷɫ룺ΣһԽ⣬㣬𡣡
˵
ӳػʲŭٹҪ⣬ô£֪˴һǷǣλӣιһ㶣һ˸ȦӣҲ֪ĵ¶ʱǾʶ֪¿йء
ԭˣԪ߲ȥĵ磬ôˣ
ŶˣΪĵѾɻˡ
ĵͷһתæɫ𣺡⵹Ҳûʲô˵֪ԭȸ˴ֵĹԱ̫ӵǱߵģôĲӣ̫ӵ¿ȷʵǣĵµûʲô£Σˡ
ǾͺãοһЦȴ
̫ӷ˵ӶҪƶϣչâټԼֵµĹԱˣȴĻӡ
ʲڶӺĺӶѾ˼㡣
뿪ǰҹԪоƣԪ˵͢ͺӶֻһ㴰ֽҪȻţأӶڶʹδػ
겻ǳ͢ȷǺӶȶ֣߿սԶˡ
ʱŻ룬ǾսҲùأԪ߽ʱһʲô¡
ͻҰһƬңҲ֪᲻б
Ҫ֪ϵĵһϢþصȥ
磬ʷá
ԴվһԣȵϵĹˣЪһҹҪ·¹⺮дܣ
ӦЩǻ֧Ŷۡ
ݴΪڣЦ˵ʲôʷʲôǣֻҪ߿һ·Ĺٵɢ䣬УͷʷЩ֣Ϊ
Դ֪Լˣɫһݣǣ¹ף¹ȥš
΢ЦͷصʷĹ͡
ĻΪЧͣ¹ĸ֣
ԴЦҪ£һæĽŲ𣺡ˣˣ
ƤһλԴĸκš
Դ۽ǳ鶯Ÿκʹɫ¾ţĪ˿
κŷɿͷȥ񣺡֪ڴˣ¹ʧǣˡ
üͷʲôˣ
κʾ㿴Դ
ü㻰ڿ˭
κæִ𣺡ؿݶһ˲СĶңӦˣɱ֧Ԯ
ӴԴһǿǿس·»ǴǰȫЩ
ͷ۵÷˷ǰȫ⣬һ߾Ǿеľ񣬾Ա׺ҲһʮӦȻڻ¡
볯͢ìѾˣ߾ڹ۸֣Ϊ˱ʱ򵶽ۣһԹָժⱾ޹صĻˮܾԪˡ
³һ⶯ʱܹƽϢ
Ҳýҹ硣
ҵʷϢ¸Դһߴٵɫá
ʱ֣᷿Ĵ齱ߣ۲ѩɫ
ѩɫ糺šüһգǵûգ˯øˡ
ѽֻʣЩ֢״ѩ״ȴֹܲۡ
ҹոѩ˵˯лβϣңһֱղתܸĲҽߵ޼¡
¸δ£˵ѩڳҲģ
˵ѩںɢ֮ŵȷʲ٣Դ뿪갣ԽԽԶ֪ʱһ˷պۺͷа壬㲡ɽˡ
ۼѩ˿ûкתʷƽҵϢҲٳδһµȵý겻ѣ·
Ϊأӿ·߾ʹ˾һŮѱȥǰԺϢҲûܰοοֻԼοԼѩձһ磬ʹһؾ
̽̽ѩͷϸŵʪҪҵŮ£ͻȻűߵ죬һ룬ȱ㱻һ˿
һصľδйľʧ̬
ͷһȻʲôˣ
ṫ̽飬һ˵һ£ǰ죬һӸɺԣ¶ӵʯͷʯͷдЩ֡
ʲô֣
һ칫ŭ䣬ٻʳ
һһֽ̧֣˴
䣬ǻʲš
ٻʣָӡ
ӶͶӡҪˡ
һ˲ԴһƬհףһ˲󣬲ſڣ죬߶߾ӥٶȽϢȥԪߣ
תߡ
²䣺оǱߡ
ݻعͷģõϢܻһӦǲ࣬ṫҲ¸֪ʷȥ֪ͨˡ
ߺ󣬽¶˶Ůտѩ᷿࣬ǰԺȥ
ǰԺһͨűЯŸдʷӡűʷͬķɳ۶ȥ
żŲ
ǰȥʣ¾ǻʲôΣ
ͣסŲɫأǰȥûõӦҵģǵõϢͬʱǿѾ
û˵ȥȴҲˡ
ʯͷϵ֮˵ǷͶƣΪıƣɿģЩ䴫ͬʱѾı涨ȻҲɱܣ񲻽Ʊأ
鰸ͷԴǺһűĹӡ̧ۿĽ£첽ӭҺһ񾩳δȰɣ
εɫȴûԴ㰲ģҡҡͷʷƣ義ܵݣҲ⡣
Դüһṫӵ˼ǡ
۽
˼ǣܳݣľȱǺǺִﳤıؾ֮أӶҪôڣ⼸ݶǺӶı֮ء
Ӷı棬Ҳָ

ɫһ㰵ȥ
ƻͨ˶ڵȴϢδϢǾѾѹңѾ¡
ʱһĳ֮˴ʷڵš
һͨűڸǰɱ
ֱӣȴһ̣سȵס
Ӷѹɱ


78 
ʮǰ, ³ҹӶ𡪡
꽫ĺָ⣬ճɻҽ, ΢ǳĺ¾ˡ
ϲһԸ˹, ̫ӷ˴, ֻܵʥϺԩ, ɵ̫ӵһȥʥȴֻ̫ӽ˼Ը״, Ļᷴĵͷϡˡ
һƲ, ʮغЦһ˵, ⵹̫ӣҲò֮λֻҪ˸, ҺӶ, ĸʷˮޡ⺢, Ҫȵĵո¶ͷǲȻ, ҺӶıƣˡ
±Ͼ, ײǽչ᲻¸, ҶѵĽڹ۸ոպãһ, ͢ͺʼδ춼һ֮
ִһƤͼһչȥۿѹǧо·ߣ̧ʳָ, ˳ѪɫߴӺӶһ·򳤰
ʮһˣһͬʥϻؾǻߵҲ·ۣڻԶ·ϱӵ£ӥ˵Щ꾿ұˣʥϱˣǡǶˣ
ӥͷȥȭѹǰ󣺡ְְֻ֪Խ䣡
ãáЦͽҵĺˣҶ˱·
ְףֱֻȡĽ󱳽ְְߣԮ֮⣡
£¶ʮߣǴʷãŵʿһ䡰ѹ䣬Ȼ
ԴͷɴñһָʿĸԤƶõִ
ӶԤƲ̱ɵִ
ºνŵضһۡ
һʱϢָĴ㣬ȴҲû뵽Ѿ֮졭
ԴκʷͲ˾ǧǰźͱӭУ棡
ǣʿɱȥ
ɫʷսаգ
Դָ£һָͷ򣺡ṫӷģѹ֮أȥȥƽҵؾǧҲǰɢգͨиɵܹӦѾ
ʵؿߣѹ겻׼̣֮ȻЩΪβ
ߴû㣬ѾҪµĲֹݣΪһֲҪͬʱּ·ǰȷܱܿϮơ
ô˵ɳȥŵ˻ˡ
ȭ˵ͷѾƣܱضѾս£ǸҲǿУ˴֧ԮΨиغýأҺڵѹݣĿǰǵλõġ
ĴȻѹѾӵһ̵ıݣٽǧԮݣڷ·磬ǲǣ
ûο
οм߾δٷˣɺ֮ӣɺ࣬Է˵ʵ֮ϲͬ
ߵ֮⣬߬䡣
ԵУ·ˣΨС
ߣС˱ض
Ҫһס½סߡ
ǡʱκŰҴҲã׹֣ˣԸϡ
Դڰ֣ʱͲˣϳ¥ָ͵
¿ˣ˼ȥǲ̫ŵùǵĲߴӪ߾سʱľȻԴ飺֪ʷɷҵһͬϳ¥սǾḻĬɢڸؿ֮ױ˴˲Ӧ
⡪Դ¶ԥ
ˣɣκҡͷϾ߾ؾ֮϶ս
ԴΪѵȷ޵߾˲ս
Ƴȥһۣ¶ڵ߾ȣ߾оǣģѾͬģ
¹پ޴⣡Դɴۡ
΢΢Цţʷеǰܣʱͨ£˵һ߾ǻͿؾѣȻҪΣѵʥº󻹻˿𣿡
һһԴ£ֿΣ˿ڣǾôɡ
µͷǱʷ˾ֽд£ϹӡʡҾнʿš
°ţһʥϹҲʷ
Դڽµı£ӲͷƤִհ졣
תߣ·ˣͽˡ
¹֣߾ʹ
ҹʱĩºڹãĬضֱߵĲյ
սѳʱսĵصһʼĶţµıš
ºȻƣ˵ȴҲ¿ԡ
ڳϣﾲĵģ̫ŽҹֻһͨҹʲôҲûȻյϸ΢Ĳˮȴ֤ʵɱļң֤ʵǳв
¿²ˮһȦȦƣǰֳߴӪĿõĹسսϰսۣɱ졣
ϰˣʵս
ΣֻºȻ̧ڣƣ֣ҪЮͶϣô
ƺҲԤ£ƶЦױزΪĶıȨλ֮Ͷϡ
¸һЦ˵ͷ
أ
Ц⣬ĬһĬ¶һƶɫ˵ȴǣҲ֡
ĿŶˣüͷ
ȻһߵĽŲõ
վĨѪ౼˽ٷˣ˵ˡ
ҹһأΣ
ҷ㣬һǧڣѾֻʣԼĪǧбסʱˣ
ǵ˿ɶã
ٷ˷ģֻǶսδˣ
ͷʲôƣ
ǿ˵һͿѾʱִݼ־һЩǱɶһЩϢʱ䣬ҹӦеڶսˣٷ˿ȥЪһɣ
·Ҳ
δ䣬һߵĽŲһ߾ʿٷˣˣʧʷҲ֪ˣ
һ״ͷۿõת˲һѷȥȻ𣬽ºΰ˰ޣµͷԷΡ
ؾݣһʧ̱ͬһ롭
оûǣȴʧˣǻǽ֮ڣϸ
˽κʷʧ٣ǰȥ𣿡
κŵͷ𣺡ǣս»ңҲûע˺ʱģȷʧ˭ҲҲˡ
¶ʹⲽôҪĵطǲرأ
κɫȻرصģפصʿǲ
½Ųһ٣˼ǣѾӦϵʷ
¹ٲϣֲ޴򶷺ۼЩؾһƾʧģҴ˵ŮҲˣ¿ֻǡ
ºο˱˴һۡ
εͷκʷȥæɣݻ١
κ׸ˣȻ֮±㽻¹٣ṫӽҹ࣬طЩЪϢ˵һӲ̡
Ŀκת뿪תͷΣô
ϸҹһսˡ걾ΪӦԲûжѹĳǳؼɸȴû뵽߾սӦʧȥ˷ˮĻᣬѾòֻʶӣӦֻʱһƣ˳֣öҡһսľġ
µͷ˼Ƭ̵Դʧӳˣﲻң粻ǣô˶ȥȻ߾Ҳȥæˣۼÿˣȳһա
ٿ̧Էһʲôأ
ָָԼͽ¡
Ҫһתץʱ䣬ظЪϢ
Ҳд⡣
賿ʱ֣ʷԺ᷿һѩµŮڴϣۣ೤ȡ
󴰺һ±˴˿һҹµ˷룬һѥھ׵Էͻأ
谵֮Уִذףһ齣ÿɴʡ
Ҫ֣Ȼһֻ֣һѽקȥ
һ׹Ȱһһж°ͣһֺὣ
һɲϡ˯Ů֧ߵ࣬²ôá
齣ͷɴʾӸµشƷˣ˷ôô󶯾δһҲûеء


79 
᷿, ºδۿŵϼõĺˣѾ˴𰸡
Ǳ֣һݴʷͶ, ȫ, ׳ǣڵÿķˮѾᡣ
Ϊ, Դûֻ죬ֻÿػصֶ, ҲɲصͷӦ߾ս, ֺڽѾսʧأ
Դ˶ģ±ȻרȨԸӦڴʷ, ޷ִ, ս, ֻ͵͵ݡ
Ǳܴ, ΪʷȻ, ľƣֻ֮˵Ǻ, δٷ, ҪӦóˡ
ݴҴҴ᷿Ϲæʣѩఢ梿ܾ
ڣŽݰȥٰ᷿ѩϡ
ݣ, ú˯ţѽٻˡ
µͷعۿֽű߶¹ڵϵļˣ˭ģ
߶ڵ, һ˵°ͣ˻ȥ
СҲܲ˾ָʹ
Ŷƫͷ˵˵κʷ
ˣ
ǰν񣬱κȵ£һκŴΪãֻ߾Ϊ˽磬ΪһҲǶԱݾ
ΧõܸκʹĿıǡ
⡪ȻκŶߵ߾ɵϾֻˣ뵽׽Ĵ󹦣Ȼֵðһԡ
ԵؾκŸɹݶ淢ҵ£ĽŲ
⶯ҶѹڣһٶңȽ£ڿսǰϦ֧ȥһؾκŵһֺ̣
ҲЩ뵽ԲѵʵǱκżɫнǰһָǻжˣɢڳкδ֮󣬱˴ͨţ
ʱ󣬳Ӫ
һش䣬ҽæµţΪ˱ˡ
ӻ𳡻ʿͷǺ̱ڵϣһˮð̵ĺ͹ˮ
վһսͣȥȻմﱼȥ˶֧
ֵĻδκʷ߾˻ǻӪ
ƬƬʿһ͵ϣƣĿͣ
ƺҲодˣڴ˿ˣ˵ʷͶ̻ʲô
ӻǣݶûˣס˳ǳȥҲǶ
ǰ߳壬֪ʲôʱ򻹻ᱻʷµϸͱһأ˵ҿˣˣ罵ˣ
ǰ˭ʵ۲ǵֲ˴Ҫǣˣ˵Ҳûʲô£
˱˴˶ɫһһʿ˵ôҪ
ǡ˿̣Ϸһ죬һ̻աʿһȥֱߵĵ
һκ۵׾һƴסˣؾţ˽´ҹȥҵ㼸ߣ˾ЪŰɡ
һʿ˿̱ȥʲôʱˣüëƤ·̻ˣӯȻһ
κŰˣһξս£ŻˣҶൣ
һ˵ӯĵĹ֮վڳͷسǵģ丸ҲûŮ
κŵ˼ʿʹ˸ɫ˾Ӫ
һм˸Ҫ̤̤죬ضɽҡױС
ҹһ߼ҹɫΪһˮƽת˲ŰΧǡ
κԤвͷƤһһʲôӶˣǺҲҪŷ
κʿɫŵذ˵
ӪŶԾһӿ˳Ҳææᵶϡ
ż䣬ȴ󷽣һߴײҹɫʻͣڰΧȦ⣬ӯӯŮŮ½εʣκţźӶһ𷴵ģѵκʷ𣿡
κյ߬߬ǿ򶨵γԣʷͶУ¹ٴдʷְ֮Ϊݣķ
Цһһ֣֣ҹʷͼЮֵ֮׵С⻹з𣡡
˱廨ǰˣǿСĽ̻𵯣֪Ѿ֡
ʿһȻһ㿴ңҿ㣬еĵԥŵ˵͡
κɧһ¶ɻ󣺡̻𵯲ǿ¹ٵѶ¹ٲŵֳӪôһˣ
κʷֶˣʣôѹֻܿ˵Ϲļ˿һۡ
׽ñȻκŵһƻκŶҪǳѾϡǼ׽ǵĺֻ˳ͷĽӦ˭ȴҲ֪κ߻Щ֡
κż򵥣Ҫɨڹ󣬾̻߳
κһЦʷͶУ㿴˭ͽ󣬴δս£˴̼룬¹ʵ˵ʲô
Ӫʿƾԥĵٴ׼߾
һԶԶݻͷۣ뽪¶ṫӵˡ
µͷһκʷ֪۾ܲܿ
ͣ£ۿκţ߾˸ơ
߾Űײĵ̧ҵڳǱзʷŮʬף
أײƿʵʬױ¶¡ԴѪδɣԵһ˫ۣƲǺµ֡
һʿۣ־ŭĵ
µͷԴ״ɫһףס˺
ϸ΢Ĳ̧ȥȴҡͷܾ
²ܲõأһۿʬס
κҧأɨӹŰΧ߾۵׹һ֣ͻȻǰȥ
κŵ˵ĵ濿һ磬߾ڵʯǰƷһ
˵һκűڵء
ǰһ˲Ҫ˵һ˫ԭأĿʬײʲô£ĵҲʲô£һȻضκŵͷģݳʷκţ˽ͨվıһݴʷﲢ͵
ǣ
һݳʷκŴ̧ĿѵؿŽºΣһĿһδ˵İθҶ̣
һƷʷб·ͱڸв֪ˡߣ
һѰεϣȻŲһʲôĴ󵶣תͷǱʿĽֹȥ
һ㶣ѹʣʲô
𣺡ٽ˵ģǰɱŵ㣬ŵ

񱻶ҡ˾һ㣬±ͷӿۿȣǿŽ˻ȥŵңŲңã
ɫӦǣ˼߾һͬǰ
ġ
ʮλε䵶߸߾£ʮѪܵͷ­ɢ
»һЩѪעĻۣŹԼűߵһͷ­һͷĿѣθ﷭Żɤۡ
̧֣֧סĺ
κһͣҲɱ¾ҲеϢƬ̺սĽתͷ£ȥɣҡ
ọ́ȻΪ˴κô򵥡
κŷŽ߾֣һΪߵرضҲûھӪɢ˶ҡĵۡ
ȫӪ棬һ佫ǷǷֱΪ˰ѻɢľ
ѪζĵĿϢһðǣҡҡͷ
Ȼ˵ãǾ
ָģŬϾ̧ѥ⣬ǰһͽ³λ𣿡
ŮɫȪƸȹƮƮȻűǿͷ­ϵɶȫӪʿĿ𶯵ؿһĻ
κʷһ仰˵Ķԣӯδս£ǣ߾ٷ˼˫ֽǰĿ⻺ɨһͷס
ʷκʷͶУһоܿҪ಻壬λսݣв˾ִ֣ӪʣԿ֧գѵҪ𣿡
λΪҪģ㲻ǣͶ·ڱݶԻǵģԣӶȻҪԮıݣôһɫģλǳعãѾǵĵһҲ⵱ؾԾ󻼣ҸӶڶʹΪʶƷһ֪ɴɱһǧһ֮ˣλһû·ԣ
һʿȭͷ
Ψһĳ·ƴȫסȴԮִҹλҺ߾սۼ֤߾Ҿһʿ˿ҹ̸ģƵ߾ǧﱼϮ뱱ͥٽ
ٽڵоп籼ϮǧοӺһ·йؿǳضΪ߾УλʿһѳǱԸһͬٽԸһͬУ


80 
عõ·, ˵𷽲ŴѰʷʱ˳ͬйǶ
ԭԴȥŵְʷǰݴʷ, з֮Ӷ⣬κűΪԼлǨ, Դͻ, ǸϷȨ, ֽʵһΪ, ŽкӶ˿ӣȥ
ԴŮ״±˱, ˽ʬ磬սúðᡣ
˹ã±ݲûüȾѪȹ, ˵˾ʾ, ֺһҴҸϵá
ʮŲعͷ, Ҫǰ, һۿ£һ, վԭء
¸һ㶣Ŷ˷ֱ, ֵƫͷߵΡ
ǰһڽǰ˾ʾ
ͷܳȻع׹֣¹ٲܳ, ṫӣֻʮ֮һݣһִ˰ȥ棬ǰκʷĶ¿ŸɣҪ¹Ϊ֮δѳ벹ǰʾһǷаʣ⻹ߵװʯҡ͵ȼãԼ¹붯ý֭
ºοץϸģʵ񻹵عܳ˵ЩǱ㻹δ뵽
֭ϤĴʣ΢һߴӪĦǳسս
ǴιĦ֮ʹԪߣԭ֭ýͭɱǿЩʹϡ٣׳룬ͨ׵õķˮΪ档
˾ΪһԿɴдʷְ֮Щ¾ܷȥ졣δ´
󲹳䣺˵֭ͭЯнһȥӪӦҲиɷҲһЩ
̧ۣܳЩæȷ帻»谭Ͼңһղɣҡ
°ڰ֣صģǷ˽ӡߣԼ¼ֵĿó٣սɴĲ˵Ǯûط
Σ
ܳ
ÿң¶ɰɣ¹ȥšܳˡ
Ȳܳ߳ãΣ㿴λ˾ɲɿ
λŵʮϸ£ҹʷʧٵϢһһӦȷϴʷӡжʧֱ֪գֵһӦȥ鿴еǷ˲ӣ˵ǰδʷ֮󣬵ɽҲһˣֻֻʵ£ӹ͹Ͷʷġ֮ĿǰӦǸɿģ
κŵ£κͽ¶е㱭ӰϾһʼҲκſǸɿ֮ˡ
δۿŽ£λ˾Ź֣ȥ򽻵ʷʷˣ֮ãҸŲ˾ȥͷ㶼Ѿˣú˯һɡ
˯һ֣ѹһҹƣ糱ˮӿ֫ٺǿŵ־̮з۵˵ͷ
ųصȽŻصԺ±źŻһȾѪȹߵǰϴ֡
ʢǴˮſȴŨѪһͷ­ͷ
һ֣æ˺󣬴סˮ
ô˿һ
ǰɺĻʧֻһѰ衣
²۽ޣҡҡͷʾ£е㡪δ˵תͷżӸŻ
ݻæȥĸ
θյһ˼Σֻ³ˮ
۵صһյȲ裬ۿûޣˡҪ嶯ҡʿն׿̲ɣΪҲ¶ӣֱ˿̲Žˮ³
½ӹȲģڻ˻
û°ɣݿ׵ֽһɫ
ڣҲµġ
̧ķҹɫŨδǺһҹ
ҹھӪ˵ĻƵʮ㣬ȴûҼһʱޡ
˵ˣ߾һ˶ص£һҹɼȻһҹҹ˲߲ݵؼС
ԣԪھѵĵյõӹ갵һǧҲҪա
նǵӡ߰˳ɱĴۣҲ˵һӹ갳֮ڵִֻǧ
ο߾ôõ
һȫˮǧɽ޳ԶҪŹӡ»кܶࡣ
󣬽һŽǳﾪѹش
죬һ˲侹֪ξʵΪһѾ̫̫Ρ
䣬ݵƺߡ
ѹƱ齣Ѿ𣿡
첽ӦǸαݣѾڳǣԼĪڹϳš
ɫ׵طסֱߵĴ
ģ˵˾йسǾ飬ҹѾ׼ܿס
Ŵͷɿ촩ϴҴ˼ڷʳ᷿ȥǰԺ
ȥͷ͵عһʣֻʣһ˵
ϳýҲǵо˱ٴѾüͷĺɱֱ߲յˮҲҹࡣ
±ЩĶ·һҶ֮ϣһӿʼ䲻ʵ
ͷбɱȴ춯ء
׹ʱ֣Ų𣬽Ȼۣߴżפڹõ߾˽
սΣʡ
ժͷڱ䣬ͷĺ£˿ٷˣѾձشµԮսֲ߽ͣ£ΪҾģСʱŹȥһϮսҵţļϮС˹սҲʾǷԲս
ǿаգüߣһָ飬аձȥ
̿ͼͷͷ
ˮġ
ɱһ֧ûк·ˡ
ó쵽һƬĵ飿
УǸǡ
سǽȥأ
컹ûڣĿ̫ԡ
ػ˵ţֱǵ˼ƺڳ޷ȷĳǵĵ飬ԻЩðա
뽩֮ʱ˸пһ䣺Ҫǡھͺˡ
ڳĬ̧ͷҰ¶֮⡣
ȻڴʣǶ᲻š񡯣
ǹŹֵĶԻɻ˭ûڣǲ֪𣿡
һʿ𣺡ٷˣ߾ĳ򣬴û첻ĵ飬¶ݣգֻ֪ţҲֻ˼ֻǼߵӣԡ
̾˿񡯲ڶڣӮˣɡ
¿⸱֪ģɫգգۡ
߷·𿴶ʣͷȥ
һΪֵͷ˫cΪ񣬽ڽд̣ΪԵǧ䡣
λͬoһڵĳԪߣԪʮǰ߾ݡ
ųͷһɱ֪ж˵£ʪۡ
ֹһ
Ƕ


81 
˸Ķ˵ڶƻ,·˴˲ӦԹܷաֻһͱڼսϳŵȡ
ϳű֣״ƽ⣬ϳ,οһоϳżٱ˵˳͵Ϯ,Ȼµһǹ,ҲҲˡ
ʵ³ͷ,Ƕ³ŵڲ֣Щ߾ܼ,оһʱҲֲǵԴʱ顣
´ԲһҪǱֻҪ
ԣҲûǺǼҼܳ,İûս̫Σˡ
µͷû·,Уðա
ٴγĬۿһɸΪ֮߾ü˻һ٣૵û·ˡһ
ϣ¡
ҹ˵ǰݴʷأЩɽ˶ˣһָͼλãӦѺڳȴն
۾һ:ɽ˿Ǿѵս!
ҹ˵ǰݴʷأЩɽ˶,һָͼλãӦѺڳȴն
۾һɽ˿Ǿѵս
˼Ƭ,ϵȥ˾ͨǷܹɵôᷢ䣬ԱôһͬУ
ܳǱߺܿ˿϶Ĵ𸴣ųҲһϳţδյ֮մ󵶣Ⱥ鼤Խ
ϳڵıߡ
֣һڻսĦȭ׼ɱһ
ڹſͱˣһ˽µ֣ҴˣҴӦǳսҲҪӦƽ֪𣿡
ͬ:ǣٷ!
Ŀǲȥֱ¼ȥ˹ã󲻾ã˵˱Ŀҽֲ۽иҽݵҽʿȥӪ˺ԺչѩķҽҲʱ˹ȥ
᷿ڣѩƺҲͷĶüͷšʱ£˯ʮֲȣȴһֱҧأҲҺǸ֡
ѩೱ첻˵˵Ĳһ˾Ů;ȥͷغŴ˿
Ů˳ȥ齱ߣչѩ֣ѩఢ梣֪ܲ˵Ľѽ⣬Ծ޷ı֮ǻɽˣҸ㣬Ϊ£ܺ
ѩఢ梣֮˲Ǳ˰
δ˵¾ܽĵط㲻Ե£һӮһ̣òã
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ϳؾΪ׷ѾٴһսݵôϢ
սؾ룬ӪҽʿŲմأ߳ҹ
գ¶ʮţѾ֪ǰ֮ƣӥŭգݵҪϧһдۣ
ʮ¡¡ս죬ؾһҹӭս
սƻ裬ٴ֣Ѿù£ĸ콵꣬ò
Ȼʱף֮£š
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ҹӪӪʿǺ꽻ӡ˺۵̱£һ̧Ų״˱ҴȥһѪˮӪ˳ýأ߾Ҳתһ֧Žͷ
վھݳɡ£ͷž۽޷ؿһĻһĻ
ȰҹߣȽӪʱɣȲ˾һԲߡ
µ˵ͷʧزѪһŽ߽Ӫʡ
׹һһ״¡͵һסһѹƵĳϥǻȥ
ôӣֻҪһˣҪ˴ҵ
ݣô졭ǻܳŶãǻܳȥ𣿡
ݽɡȥһԣŶܻа취ģһа취ġ
Ȼߺ˾·ɿ˿۽ɫ
ܳߴ룬һۿĶ΢΢һ͡
һЦһ˾ˣ롣
ܳ󲽽ʣͷһһŮ
áһϤȴΥŮ
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ΪĵһϢ˵ͷ
οȦģҺѩǰһֱڸʩ࣬ѩ໹񿴹ιЩĻһǱȥȶġ
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ڱݶݵʱܼԭҲаΪµһ˲ۿȣã»ݵûаռɻ
Уֻս𲻶ϣǰӰҲ˳ԲϷʲôģвóһֵԼӲжңú˵Ԯ·ϡ
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Ϊڵȴǵ޷һսٵģܾܿǺ߾
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һδνƣһδαǿסҹδ
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˵Ҳͬ⣡´ǰٽ˵ˣҵͬҪΥ𣿡
䴽֪ٷô˵ٽĵһǻƽؾһС
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Ψƴһս߹֣ٷˣһսֻ߾ʱˣ
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ǣٷˣһ߾תӪأ
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Ҳûеȵǿ
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߽Ӫʵʱ򣬿ޱߣһӲԪ͸֧
ۿϻļ֧һ֧֧װͲһʱɷλãüһǡ
½װ̧ƣһЦȥ¥ǡҪ
¶̣˽ū
µͷݲ߳Ӫδ߾ߵһ̡
ߣ㷲İ̽ͷųĶ
й֧̱·ߣˮ׵ˮȴѾˮδʣ
ʿ̧ŸմӳͷѪֹۣͬһ·žҽӪϡ
ҽʿҩ񱼣ñӴͷҲܡ
û˿̵Ŀ·ϡ
Ҳʲôֻǧ΢һ
㣬ſڴ̣ΣյģһСӼſ̽Դ
½Ųһ٣ƫͷȥʱսˣֻȥһˡ
𣿡
ǰǶӢµĽʿųͷǰȥ
ſڣʣ޼ʿԸսİȫϯضƣرű˴֧š
Ͳܳʲôѩڸ˵ʿ˿ڡ
˶Ҫǰ
°ڰ֣ʾǸæģعһŵǳǽ׵˳¥
ǽ֮ʬɽѪһ㣬ʢװŲͬɫʿս
վڳ¥ƾԶһȥֱ治߾
ԭһս֮Ͼˣ˵Сɢǡ
һѰȥϸţΡΡָ̧һ
˳ָȥԼһѪ߾
¼ŬѰţһָȥĸ
ʮ߸ʱ򣬾ݲıȰˡ
Ҫִֵطˣһֱʮһûȥڵ
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ȰǻؾӪȥȫЩȴҡҡͷһ̣ڳͷڳоûˣоɱûһܻţ޷ڵһʱ֪ǵֻں֪±ܶȥ
ͷߣܿ㵽˵İպ
ʱһ󲽷̤̤𵴽£ԶƽֳһӭչɫģѾһߣٴκƺƵɱ
£ʿǷ𣬹ּ֧þ;ĩ·ȥͬ۵ĵ
ڳ¥ۣսޣɱ
һΣеߣҲߡ
һһʿӦ£ⲫ£ǴײŵҪãҴ
춯صĺƽȴδйȴ˿̸ƽʱ̡
³ŵźԽԽ΢֪ʲôʱ򣬽һν춯һۣµоϳǽȱڣݷغὣǰ
ݣҲȥͷսɡ˵
ūҪ߱
ɵȵɱǸǰʱҲǰװ
ݿ¥¥ڱȳǽߵĵطҰȫҪڳ¥֮͵óȥ
ūȥɱУὣ˳ȥ
áĿ뿪ȡվ
ϳǽĵоݺسͷʿԽɱԽ٣ûµĵо
ζŵоѾ֪һȳǽͨ
ţϾҪˡ
߳¥վǰӭųͷܶĵоеͷ׼ԼĲ
빲ĸ֣˵ʱƺֻõףʣңԶԡ˭ĵһ뵽ӡ
һ̣֮˱Ὣĸ֮Ժ
һ̣ޱؿģˣȴ޷˵سȥ
֡
Ϊİ֮һ·ϵߺͳ⡣
߾վڳΪеͶ
ȵؾӭŲõͷۣо紵ĳ˷ź
ȻһɳƵڳǽ𣺡ԮˡҳסԮˡ
ͷһȻ̧ۣȥ
ƽ߾ͷһɫ˳ӿɫڷԷɣǰִ|ǹɨһ·
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82 
һ̶ˮע벪, ǽ£ⱨѶϲ, ˻, þȫٴεסǰĳš
⣬ɫͬβ񲻿ɵת˲о
Ѿֻʻͷ, , ɢӡ
Ѿӥͼס, ȴƾδ󺰶޼¡
һؾǧĳǳأǰ˽ʮΧһսһսù, һ, ߾ɫһԭ֮ƺɨ, ˭һս֮
Ŵ, ؾѪ۱ӿսյķߺޱ֮ضɱɢĵоһնڵ¡
սƺܿһߵۿоһɫưΧ, ¥ϣڲ۽޷˶׼Լζסһ·ʿɱµλ꽫
곤߾ս֮ϣǹ, һǹ̴Ѿӥ, šǹͷ˺ݺݶϳǽ, Ѿ죬һͷ¥
˫ѵۡ
ϳ, ңңһ˲
Ԫ߷ǰ
ȹתͷ񱼣˳ŵǳǽ׵һ·ֱ£ɱţԽºµʬףűһѱסӲס
ԪһǹһԺ󣬽ѹ
ʬɽѪӵ
ӿۿףᶼҷһηޣˡ
Ԫѹ緢ɱ˶ЦսԲ
ɱ¾ֹϢһ˻һƥսߵ¡
Ȼһ̧ȥ
Ȼƽ˾ɱ¾һƥƥսַԵ߾Ǹŷ̱ڵأʬϣͷƣرۡ
Ԫɿ£¿ûУ
̧ͷŷ۵Ѫ˿鲼ɫǳҲƣ۵˼㡣
ûУҺúõģأˣ
Ԫҡͷָ̧ᡣ
һ߾ʿǰرٽŵоѾ𣡡
Ԫ߸²ᣬͷһڽʿڣˣȴԮִ
һֱֱȥ
Ԫߣ»֮һס֣ȥϡ
һʱ󣬴ʷԺ᷿
齱ߣͷ˵˯ʪùĶͷա޽ǡÿһָӵݸľݡ
˯һ˽Ҫˣűжס¡ֱôչ˰죬һ㶯ҲûУ˯ûڵء
Ҫһ£𸴣˵ٽġġֻ˯ѡ
Ҫǻˡ
ʹ磬²֪尾ЩԪʵ尾˸á
ͳ͢õϢֻ֪࣬ݱͼģصز
ǰԪߴܿ񣬵ֻǵٵײĽҲ߾Ϊ֣ԹӶȥϿʷ
йϢѩһ׷ݸʱԪо𡪡
ӳ̫ӷ¹Աѹ̫ӣȴֻ̫ӽ˼ȻԴ˲
ȻԶӵĲϾ飬ӶȴʼղֽŪơ
Ӷ֣񱩷ǰ
Ҳ֣һܲ͸硢
֮ǸʱƯ⣬г̲̫ܣԪ޷Դȥ
֮ǰʵԪѾ˹갣±ں߽磬ĵطԴ
ǺӶϢȻǸʱδõ͢ȻװѾã಻̤һ
屳֮ûе³һ·Ͻܵ裬޷ֱͨгǳعذֻӲȥ
һ·⽫Ѹʱ䣬ҲڸѾ֮ǰԶ˫˫ۡ
Ԫ尾ʱ֪Ѿˮȴȡ
±֮ؾһǧǰ˰ҲڵȴʱѾͳһغͺڣʱٵо·ƶϡ
´֮ȷ˿߲ݰɽˮҹڵִݡ
ȾҽһԼĪյпάϵԪ֧ӵƴһ·֪˶ƥҲ˶ӣʣ˳ִ˽ǿ֮ĩոճǰһսȫƾһǻ־о֮һ˿һ
ŽۿԪжףͷʢװĺˮ衣
̧ʳָƽԪ˯ʱȻšüģüһǡ
վ屼ҹһδߣҲɽ֧ŲסƤȥ࣬תԪ߱۾
ԪʱҹɫѾŨ˻Ƶ
оֱ۴Լ䣬ԪߴȥŻˣ̧֣СĴգֱָܵеȣһĻġ
˯ţǰȴֳ߾ųȥͷһĻ
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Ԫȥ̽һ֧ļͲ
ĵײ²õ֤ʵһ̣һ˱ˮͷ£
Ԫ˴ֹţϣ˲֪òŴｫ֧ȡ˳
ָƵ˿̼Ͳ֧ȴԼġ
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Ԫߵһ֪ôôСһ֧־Ȼᷢ
΢ھʱһ̡̺
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ۿֽϣּӳ
˸չżѣ֪֮ʱսǷǷ󶨡սţȥ̵ĺƽ֮أǧԼΪҵġ
ุѹʮһ꣬ʮһ˵ԹȻǼ٣Թ޸ͬӶһȴѡݣԹʧȥԺ˽Ը̸״壬̸״֮Ҳ̱Ĵ淴⡣ʮһʼƽ
Ҹ̸״֮Ϊѡǻʲʱգ븸һͬĳǳأҷŶã길ѡһǵľҵļǼңһǾļǼҡǰδѣ֪˺εʹۼн֮޷ӲϧҾˣ޼ƿʩΨһǧﱼսʿΪۡ
ս˸׵ѡĸ׺ΪҶĽѽ⣬ʾ˸ΪźΨһǽʱȥһУٻ˵ؼ
˸м飬֪˾ǧ֪εԭ£±һ仰ҡΨԸ̩񰲣ķսƽ֮ˣ£Ӫʡ
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һ´Ϣ͵
ԪȻͷ»ϣŴ⣺ݣѾִ𣿡
Ԫţһǰȥ£ļתûѾˣѾˡ
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ˣԪߵͷȥȥյˮ˵һ飬ڡ


83 
ҹ, ˲ڷߣǰķ˳񣬳ٳûꡣ
ݲŸոս, ʧδȫո, ûߣ϶Ǹɲ, ǽ´ǰϵõʳ
ȥЩóԵԪƫͷʡ
Ҳ»عҡҡͷ
Щʳ෴ڸмԼܳһζůݵĳ˳Ĳˡ
¼һ͵, ָԼҲһӣս»û˽, ͺܺˡ
ٺ, ֮ͬʳ, Ѿûбõ¡
Ԫ߿ձһȦ, ˵ܿˣ˵ܿʵϺ, ־һ䶼̫, ֲڳ¥һɲֲųȥȡţο˵Щ쾿ôġ
һ, Ԫ˵, лл㱣ԼҲлл㱣
Ҳû̫࣬ʹеسǷٸô, ˵סʿǾʤؼҾͶƤӣŶгЩǮ
赭дţȻоﲻԣĿüȻǲ²Ǹˣںˣô˵лл
ǰô˵ллĻ
Ҳǲ֪ԭص඼׹͵ʱ򣬾Ȼ˵ٯٯ黰
Ԫ߰˱ϣˣΨһĴԪţ⻰ôԼ
ۿ°һ࣬׼ͷѵָڵ᷿¾ȵ죺ɣʱ㻹ƽϣҪڣһ˿ӦЩ
ԪߵȻ֪Ҳĵ׸мҺߣǴ˿ǰֲ赭Զս˵ЩŵĻ΢һɡ
Ҹм㣬Ҽߵ˲ңʲôͻ𣿡Ԫüһ
̧ȦסǳΣҪмҪʵ˿ɻкܶ࣬˾ѩఢ梡ݣʷ¹ЩԸǵؾԸ׳ʳսİգС
˵һ룬һȥϱڣһʲµ̣۵׺ûɣߵĻ˵ȥ
߾ʿԪ߻رԪûе
˿̣һֱʳǸ⣬ֻҪʣǾһδĽ֡
Ԫ߳ĬžֹƬ̧̣ȳԷòã
Ժ󡪡¶۾ڵ˵һ漣
Ԫߴ˴ۣԺȥǡ
ٴ߽ҹĳӪȫսʤϲضŰײĵܣʿһԼۣͬڻϽǵȦ
߾ʿǾھӪ䣬ۿһһһܡ
˵ʱֵģһһֻزȥңԶĺֻܾ͵ذᡣ
˵սδ˽ᣬǺٽܿҪһǳأ޷ڴ˶̫ã԰ڽҹڳƧ֮ء
¶һűˮϴףŻỽÿһ׵֡
ԪߵӣžԼ֪ʱѾ档
£С˫ۣƽֻͣ˯ˡ
½ӹӣûȥᣬ֣СĲ޽ǵĳֵ࣬˵˿̿С
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һ߾ʿ̵رͷȥ
ǣ¿һŲͷĵܣôˣҿܵŬŬⱲһлǮʱǶϣֻǶ׳԰׺ȣңΪοֺУұ˵ΪϱѾѿ඼ˣҲóԿ࣬ҲҪԿˡ
Ҽǵ֣ҲҪңǲסҾͼٽҲܲˣ϶ҸϣǶ׼ţߴˣȥ˼Ұ׳԰׺ȣǻᰤġ
¶ڵ߶߶˵ţһֱ˵һģԪ߷
ᣬóֻڹ갽ͷֻΪ˶߼Ӷ˫ִŵߣķᴵ
ధ಻ϢصھӪϿգһһƮ
һ߾ʿսڱ䣬ͷ
һϣе泯һһˣλ磬Ըλٽλһͬ㣬͡λʿؼң
͡λʿؼң
һ̧̧ܱӪɽȥ
Զѵĳ̧ۿͷ貵Ǻӣʮ˫֣۾
Ըҹ³սʿǹҵ·
շʱ֣һƳ͸ʱ򣬽վԷǰŬ˵ʵ̫ףԪһ
ԮѾִʧشոҪ߾
Ԫ߱Լ˵ǰЩؾ˵֮ǰİ֮ףؿʿ޲ˣս޲ʤ
˵ҹӾӪǰǰȥ׵Ĵоʮ飬Լʱ򶼴ף׵ĴʵѱȫŪˡ
Ԫ߲빼ԼѴףȴܴս׵δޣֱ
û˵󻰣һʮ
һսԪ߿֣صսǰŲͷȥ
ã˳ͷĴһǣ߸硣
Ԫ𴽽ǣۿš
߸硣
ţ
߸硣
ԪʧЦл˵
°ͣûʲôʩɷ˵֮ǰİ֮˻磬ң޼᲻ݡ
ԪĿƹͷȥ
Žͷ׻ֱߵ죬˻رѾװ
Ԫµţɿȥˮգ˵Ƚиá
Цţ۵׵ӳӢͦüĿȻãڼɷ¼ٽ
ԪߵͷԸꡣ
¶£ͷȥһҪгУҪؼҪսʿƽƽʤ
Ԫߺһ֧ϥأ֮
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Ӷڶʹʹʧ·ϣѶҧԾ˱غӶϳ
ϲųܵؽ磬״ӭΧ׷½ض
ҹ߾ӶѾսڼ֡
ҹӶѾսʣһˡ
֮Уʮǹζ׼˰ΧȦС
ΧȦ⣬귭ִǹһ̤ʬɽѪǰںڵĿӧ糶һߣչ̵ѪˮܣѪ۽ȴڷһδһ˫ڳ۶סǰǱ֧صˡ
ż֧壬ۿ߽ΧȦ꣬ˮѪгǹǹͷһε׹䣬ĸ©
Ԫߣо֮ܣΪ徴ηģ̤ƽ·ϣҲΪУ
ԪߺЦһܴΪҺʢΪ徴ηʹ⻰Ȫ֮ҺȥĽʿ˵ܷ½޿κΡ
ͫһ֧Ŷϱȥ
Ԫһǹ̴ģ˶أǹšתǹͷ
Ųҵĺʹ쳹֡
꼱סԪߣΪҳӣҲʥϵҳӣҵ㶨
ҷҪأ
ҲǴǵҳӣ
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ʹʧʶȥ
ǡʱһԶԶʻһŮ𣺡ٽǹˣ
۳ԪȥͣȣŮһǰһ³ðǰ
Ԫ߲δͷ·֪ǻ
´ѩ߽ΧȦӸµظŷ꣬ͷˣҳӣҲһ
ˮģۣűϳ˭ȼϣ˲Ϩ
¿ԪߣһսʧžѾԵҪЮ丸˳߱ɱԽͷ֮ޣٽȫ
ЩԪȻöǹ𣬲һãǱȫȭȭ֮ģ֪Ҫδ
ѩۿŵϵˣԪذףذʣȥһһٵٽģҶҽˣȻҲɱˡ
ɴۿǣԪߣɱһսܷɣúá
δ䣬һ֮죬ѩ˫ذףþش̽Ŀڣ̧ͷŵ˫ۣɫ԰ѩȴᶨơ
һ̣ǰֿǸЦŭɵֵꡣ
ѩۿӿȴһΣ֮ˣ㲻份֡


84 
ҹ, ͣЪ⣬ս߾ԭذӪկ
ѩݲ, νӻظվţԪ߻Ӫء
Щӣһ·ſ߾, Ԫߴһǳرǰһǳأֱǰչʧȫո, ڹ뾩ܽ紦, ˵زԶ
ոһ·սʤվս֮, ߾ȫҲǽƣߡ´вΪͷ·˴ǧοͽʿ
Ӫ𾲾ȼգڲж̺ʱܴĺŽǡ
¸Ԫߣսڱ䣬ʿرžܵľ, ʿߺ, ҪȥĺѪա
Ԫرʱһж, һס֣ˡ
¶һ٣ֲ㡣
, Щ˵ѪҲմδ޵ӣ
ͦ
һʿ辭, Ԫһְͷˮ
ʿߵһ䡰Ǹҽˮҭס
Ԫ̧ˮ£²ŬŬ°ͣ, ڲɡ
ȥҴùͷաǼ⣬оΧĿϣ϶
Ԫ۷һɨŵĶϴȥ
һʿæƿۣˮȥˡ
ϴţˮȥĶˣƿӪʣг˹һԪ߱ϵ裬ԭ˽غˡ
һˮҲƽϣԪۿƽϵ˲ûУ
¸պòԪ߱Ǽ⣬һӣ԰ڣҽԸչġ
Ҳʲôĵġ
˼գգۣҸģһѼжˡ
ʾԱߡ
ɤӣת磺ҽζԲס㣬ûڱΰǰؾΰ梵
սͻȻƽͺãС޷Ҳû
ȷﳤͻ䣬ΣȻһȴһֱսµС
ӶԼĶӴ˷䵱԰νԵСĻʱȻʹѾͼƳسԼԪ߼ĸڵһڽ׾֮ǰұ
Ϊ˲òȥΧѾϣҹܣӦҲѾܡ
Ʒ֧Ѿ߾֧ѾĻӡ
뵽ʿҴҷɱ
⺰ͷƤһһ˲䣬ֱ塣
ٽϷʮأܴӪн
½ŵؿԪߣܵľӡѾɣ
ԪߺһۣѾҲѾ
Ӻ߾װжӪǰŶͬ߾սľܾ
ƽ̹ĵһĳӺ磬ɫľӸһߣ磬Ĭ
ҹɫˮɢһƥͷӼ󴩳滺ȥִӺ磬һֱԷ
վڱϣӪصĻ⿴˶һףŨü߱ǣˡĻӡ
һ۹ԪߺӸԷ
ŷ¡
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Ԫ۽һĿǾʥּһ䡣
ɨԪߺһ߾λʿмฺݣԾּɡ
Ԫ׹֣Ҿ¡һ߾ͬ
ղּ˻ʵۣگԻǰڶʹԪ߽ʺ߾⸴ڣɽӣ𢣬˸֮磬ⰲڣο֮ǧԪΪ۳ͱ֮֡մˡ
Ԫ߶ѥ۾ȻһС
֮ǿٿ̧ƤԪ߹ıӰȴ˿ʲô
ϲٽδڱ˺պսҴʷķղЦ˫ֵʥּʥ˵ˣձս࣬Ѷɷİʦ½ʿǺúЪϢ
ԪĬĬ˫ֽӹʥּл¡
ӿֱԪߣҹҾҲ֪ٽԸּһؽ磬Ҿҹڴˣ
֮£ĪԪ΢һ̧֣»Ա㡣
ܾ߾氲ӪկڳĬظӪ
¸Ԫ߽Ӫʣժսһжף˵ʲôֳٳûпڡ
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˷ս£߾ɨǧ֮ѾҲͬһ̡
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һ̣ºȻ𼸸ǰһ¡
ոջָ䣬ƴҪҵݡԪ߿˵ûС
Ϊβ˵ʵ˵ʵ±㲻ҶŮ£ʥ϶´ʥּǼ̱ɹ龩
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ʱδܺȴҲ֪ΪʮִֵǷ
ֱ˿̣ˡ
һԳΪǿȨˣǿȨǰļ
˲
֮֮Ҫʲôѡ񣬶˸á
ֲ¸Ԫ½󣬲üҲϡ
ԪߴЦſʲô
⿴ۣ˵
ûˣ˵ɡ
ҵüŲ㡣
ԪҲ֪ȥݣһüΪϲ񣿡
˵أʲôӣ
º޺޿ǣϲ˰ɡ
ʲôʱԣԪͷ
üһԼǲǶö˱öˣԺһЩĿȴɫ棬͵ԡʲô
ǾûʲôԪգգۡ
Ŀ¶̽ؿ˵ʲôֱ̧˸ơ
ȻƬ̺ʿӪʣٽĵţͽʿ˿Ӫ⣬Ҫ
¶ԵˣĵԪ߳꣬ʿ뿪£⣬ţ⣬Ĭúܡ
²Ŀͽʿ͵ĲͬһҲĬҿ֪㲻ţġ
÷ľɽҲ̫ġ
ѹ˶Ҫˣټǹˣ
ϲãʿſ˵ĵµˣӽӪʡ
Ԫһ˼УֻһᱡԪ߲ߵվſҲͷأһ˫ŭķۣվһɳѹȸС
´׸ĵ¡
ض񣬡ӵĿڽͷһ룬ԪߣЩڹڸƽѵٽ˽⣬֪ٽпУ
Ԫߵͷǲһù̸£ҵ޷Ӷˡ
бӿԪߡ
ʱ˵ˣ
ӵͷǱˡ
롣Ԫһг
¸ԪߵӶ棬Ԫ¡
ܿʿţڶĽȶֱڵ˸ǰ
ۿǰĽȶĿһ
Դĸ׹ͲԽȶˡ
ԭֻΪϦڼһֻȶʱ򣬴ӼĸԾϢ
Ӵ˺ķûгֹȶҲԡ
Ϊȶͻһ죬ͻоϢٵϢ
ֻԪ߹һ꣬Ǵεҹͱΰ׼ģԪߺ֪ɿڡ
¶סʱҲĿһͣ۶潪΢飬ֿԪ߲δ⣬̧ͷʿǲ֪Խȶ
Ԫ߻̧ӣֻƫͷ۽¡


85 
¾ȵؿ۶, һתͷԪ߿ĸ񣬰ٿѱ졣
ͬĻӵûˣĻ֮⼸ֻڹϼһֻùļ, Զ߶һ, ·꣬Ҳ˵һ䡰ĵ¡, һ䡰ض񡱡
֪Ļӻļɿڡ
ۿɫ, ԪߺȻЩϸ֦ĩڣȥ궬ڹ, ߶Сʱľ¡
һڷ, ŮϵĲһһ, ֪ʲôʱе, ͼһֻȶԣʱ򣬼ͻȻҴܹңԾˡ
ԪĿһǰ̽ȶ, ҪȥŲ
·ɿҡҡͷûУûвԽȶ
Ԫߣǿʲô
ӣԲҪǿ
ͣס, һͷԪߺͬʱǰ̽ȶһסһأ
ִֻһ̽ȶֹ˰աԪߺӶһۡ
ͷѾͣãͷȴȻ¡һ
½ӲؿˣԭѩһȥԪʱ, Ԫ顭
ۿ̽ȶðˣ»ȥ̽סһߵأǣǿԳԿ
ƫͷ¡
¶˵л¹ģǻģѺʹǰһˡ
΢΢һͣɿӣ֡
ԪֱֱŽ£µǷš
תԪߣҲˡ
˵öԪ߽һ̽ȶ˻ȥ
¿صǰĽȶ˻ִһֻŵ¡
ЩսȥˣĲ³Խȶˡ
½ȶŽҧһڣζпɣδԾЩ׽ȥһֻּһֻ
Ԫ߿һĵͷԼ̽ȶһһ˰̣Ȼ䡣
ţԪƫͷȥ
ǿˣָָǰʣĽȶǸմ̼ꤣҲ̫ӪȶͷҲ̫ڶҲ̫ʵˡ
ǾǿңԪ˵ŲԸĻȴЦ
˷ѿϧܲǿˡ
Ԫ߿˿ĿˣЦŶ˹µӣÿӽʣµĽȶɨԼС
ӿԪߵһۣ۽ޣͷԼĽȶ
ùҹԪר̸񣬻ԼǼӪʡ
ѾͷΪ̺ñ죬Ҳڽǽ˷ߵϡžݾΪæµûȥźĳʳҲһ̽ȶˡ
ӪϴϣþעͷĻˣȥԪ߽ͽ͡
ݱͷȣڼĻӳʣɻͷһȴ˯ˡ
ǺҹҲûʣʱЪԥ£ûнѽ£ǰǺ˱
һߣԪԶԶǶϨһ֪Ѿ˯£˸裬Ҳɵۡ
ֻܾʣҹһߺ𷽲µĻ
뿤ʶֻиˣðģΪѡԼϲʳﶼҪǿԣԶ˵䣬ȻᣬٽĪ黳
һǿݣ֮ʤߣҹղٽĹϲˡ޷ͬͬҲٸ꣬Ϊߵ̰λߵĹʧȴҪսʿѪٽ˷ոڣһսսʿһսٽñٽͬġԸӽ󣬴ǽʿıһ¶⣬Ըҹٽ֮꣬ܵĴ߾һλʦ

ƤһЩңԶġģĻǰһĻĻ
ҹűſǰ˫ѥ
ְСӴȥˣСǿסˡ
ʲôӣһսʿսʿȥȴľֻµĵԪߣ
ǿסѰʹĨǵѪŵ
ǰĽͷҡҡλվȣС
ָ̧񵲣һ££ܿһˤʹ
ͷ׵ٶ𡪡
׼ʹ׼ޣ

һתֵļϣߣѵøŸϽ֣ĴһĿ̯ǰͣ
ЦСӿҪָָʱֱ㲻ˡ
Ħָ¾ɲһ˺ۣĽؿŸʽָ̧ͷס
ȴɰ֣Ҫôúü
ֻǻһвУ
ҲѽǽȻۣСӲŶͣ
˿ڸǮ˵ҿʱұ֪𣿡
εͷȥֻ֮ڲʱŴָ
ͷΪҪָ
˵˵ΪǰģҲۡ

һתѪζŨĴ齣һˮ˽ֳѪˮһ˳ȥ
ҽɼǵˣ𾪵ʣС˳ӣ
㲻ĽȻš
СףĪ֮
ҽ̾˳ȥһ֪ʹ
˵ʹŴҡͷ
ʹͼס
ĸΪֵƽı˷ֵµ˫ӣ²ȴҽǳǸˣĸײ᷼ţҲԺúٹӣЩա
ܹΪĸףΪԼһ죬ȥٵи߸ϵˡ
˵껰뿪ԷҽǺοأСպǻǺ
ңԽңԽ֪Լеĵָη
ȵۼݱµλ˵ĳ޴ɱ
ˣһ

˳Ļ潥ƽϢȥһĻŵҹ
ڴϾ˯ţȻо⿿
־δѣ֪ˡǸ׵ѵҪһͷҰޣڳ˯ʱȻԵ硣
ѲĻ
־֮ǰѾӦԪһ𣬽£ϸĲ
һ̧һ˲ռһŴѩ׵
еİ࣬ɱ¾ʹһȻȥԪüһѹɿ֡
¿ͷԼˣŲƴһȵỨֱð
ֻǰҹ˵Ļˣֻ˯ûԪߡ
֪ǰʿûԪȴ˴̿͡
Ԫָ°Ų֣û
¿ҡͷ
ԪѩϴĿĵָۣԲ𣬶Բ𡭡
ˣմ̿϶ûع˵˯ʱҪ㿿㡣´Ԫֱֱ޽Ǳʪ̧ȥôˣûˣǲʲôجˣ
㲻Ϊһ̽ȶμҸ˭˰ɣ
֪СҲ©ҹͣҸĵµס
߶߶Ļδ˵꣬Ȼһ
Ԫ߹ϣͷѣ£ۣǲǣ
һ㶣ֻ̧رסĺףȻˣʲôɵ
ǾͲҪˡԪۣ߱Ҫˡ


86 
Ԫߺܿȡҩ, ظµĲҩͿĨһȦӡ۲ۣ
˵ֲš²֪ڼǾ, , ۵ҧ㣡
Ԫšüҩ, ¿ı飬, ԼԼҧ
Ԫ߲ȥָҩ, ӣҧ
´ǰһȥ
ݿϺᣬһ۷Ĳ, Ԫ߸ϥȻһ˭ҧˣ
˶ҵģﲻҧ
Ӫص, ҪҴͷƽ䣿Ԫߴ۶
һأ¿һҪҪ
ʲô£
һָ⣺ȥճ
Ӻ󣬽Ԫ߹һ, ӵţѵɽχNNǰ
ܵò죬ĩ΢ӭ, Ҳǡˡ
մ˻ɫ»ͷ춼, ô, ճ֮ǰɽ𣿡
Ԫһۣ˵㣬۵²أΪô㡣
Ҫ⻰ͺˡ
ĬĬͷŤ˻ȥɤӳ˻磺㲻Һĵµ𣿡
档
ҲҪ˵, Ľ͵ʮͷǸʱʲôֻѡҲԽȶɿ̫رˣϾҹ궼ҪԽȶġ
Ԫߵͺһ
ٲ£ӱ꣬ô᲻
λĻӶֻ꣬㲻ڷĻԺرܣٲͬҲڽҹ˵ǻģѺʹǰһˡʱ¶ɫڿǶٯٯʱ۽ޡ
ȻЩظ߽¡
մӴҵǳתʷͮͮϼ⣬´ߴԪߣвˣܲµˣЩЩ
Ԫһޣںڵս۵糸߬һһֱһֻʵֱ
о˵ڷ裺Ҳôѽ
Ԫü˭˵УҲƢġ
Ƣĵ㣡ۿɽ䣬Ԫûһ£ôһƵĴбб۹䣬¾󺰣ǲɽȥɣҲΪʷϵһɿճСѳ˰ɣǵʷôһʣӯˡ
ԪڷЦţϧδ޶
ʷ˾޿֡
޿ֵһޣսǸ°ɳɽ¼ۣ
ֱеɤӷƣð̵ʱ̣߸һͣ߬ʰԼһƬƬǡ
Ԫ߳һתͷۡ
һ̧ͷǡɽ˺Ʋ㣬ڲãأ̫ΡΡɽͼԾȻת˲ɽɢȥ
Ųʣƽº˻ȻعͷȥЩ𣿡
Ԫһ㶣Ŀջأۿʲô
СʱһجΣҹµ˯žȥճ˵µǵħɵü⣬ЩµĶҲͲ῿ˡҲûЩˣſԪجβżҴճجλ᲻Щˣ
ԪĿţס۾
˫ﵹӳڵ⣬Ҳӳ
ЩʪĻٴθԺԪ߻̧ۣԶܵķ򣬺ֿΡ
길׻ûṳ̈ƽȵ۱ѼݱǸ׽һ˵ĳǨŭǸͬˣǶһ
߽ĳǣʵҪĳҪٵи߸ϵˣҲʱδıĽ¡
Щ̤ϵˣ߸ǿľӪȴûǸϵλӡ
߽֮ǰλһյĽ֡
ǽ̮שʯѣܴһлҷһ̣Ҳһ𺣣
ҹǸһΡ
ǧˣҲбȽҹõʱֻҪһ£һֲЩսʿΪͿأ
Ǹעһ̰ˡ
ӱ޶ǣǴˡʫԽԽ̰ţҲԽԽ뽫ŵĻЩͬӵսʿ
ҹûһʥּûг±ڴ˵ľܴûĻӵİʾҲһ·
һصȴΪһ;⣬ԤõĽֱ۵ķ
ǲˣֻǸõˡ
״δ̹ԭΪõ˰˹⣬е
Ԫعۣͣ±ߵһ˲գĽ£ӵס£ڣҲجˡ
Цסϵ֣Ǿͺá
ʱ߾뾩ܴһεĳӺԶԵתͷһһ򶫶ȥ
Ԫ߽ʱһͽ»ؾ
ȻȻȥԸ
ƽѽҲͣοǰЩ죬յº贫ű֪һնƵʱű߹أӺǮʣǵ֪ңͼ롣
ͽµ⣬Ҫתͷȥϣص
죬ִ೤Ǽʮصһվ
߽Ԫ޹վ뵱ʱԪ߹ȴҪٴαùԡۿҪޣһǷ룬̲סڷԪ߰̾
ǷˮתϴҽͱΰϧҽȥͱΰžۣȴҪؼˡ
ݽʱˣԪߵŽµ澣ԷĽߵϡ
Щ꣬Щܳò̫˳ԪԸıԵ˦ңһӦȥúöҪϼյļ£ػ꣬ҿȢˡ
ңſָһ㣬Ҿ˳Ļ¾Ӧ깤ˣĸ¸ɵأصˣҲüˣ
ԪЩʵҪϣͷ°ͣǾͰߡ
һĿ֣ߵҲմϣǲǲϲˣ

Ԫ̧һֻֻ֣ģڡ
Ҳȥԡʣʱˣץʱ
Ҫҹ߳棬æڣԪ߻ͷӷԡ
ſϣԡʱŵˮ̾
һڿ̾һ̧ۣĿӹԶ뿪ĴӣȻһ͵ϸбڴߡ
վôûӡ󷽲ſ
»񲻽һɲ͵ϸȻ˹䶯أһεıԴ
͵صɴۣԪԪԪԪߡ
ԡˮȻֹϢ󣬷űһƿԪһ˳һ̧ۿص
ͬʱ´ϷԴδйԪߣչʡ
Ԫһֱˣһһ齣ϵĳһ߱⣬һ˲һ£Σա
¾δ§ԪߵĲȥ𣿡
Ԫ߱۾˻Ⱳûô࣬ʣΪܳˡ
ܳ϶ûѽ㲻˵»ع
˵Ķõף
ڳһֻȦְĿڣ㽻áá
ţôô죿
»˵һ룬Żȥ׵ϰһ·ֻΧһʪ°
Ԫ˳ߵͷ
һ˲һж졢ȥж죬һж졢ȥж졣
ػصϣ𷽲͸ʪĲԼɫסһڶ
һƬԡˮٳû
ķֿһָ죬ԡȣһӲġŵӰ
㡢ôˡСʡ
ԪûлӦƺԾֹƽʲô
˵ʲôһա
˵ʲôҲûδҲ̫ˡ
ɳ˼װû˵ʲôοο
±˰죬ŬһΪ飬ˣҾãȻϵĺÿ


87 
ҹ˾, µġݹǡڴϣһԲضͷĳгþûжԻ
û뵽, òһҹķƽ˾
ž, µʱ򣬳˺߻ڵԼǷõó, ҲͬĹǡ
䲻п, δȫò, ɲ佱һ
֪ȴ˿øӻ겻, ٲά衣
ҲУ˻ˣ
°ĥ, Լ𱦼ΰ梵ĻᱳһЩע, ǻû˼, ԪԡĻ, Ǳ¡
һ, һ࣬һඥԲ۾Բ, ôױ, Ǻ, 磽⻹ܡ
㲻Ԫԡ侲ôòų, Ժžˮˮľ롣
Щһ, ιȥڹ˳ţ𡪡
㻹ڡ
ԪߣҲڡ

»ƫͷȥԪߵһĲһ, ȴʢһǻεĳˮ
ҪܵĻ
Һܡ
ҪҰ㡣
Ԫһ䡰Һܺá˵һ룬һֶߣ˳͵Ȼתͷʲô
߱סֻ¶һ˫۾Сҷʱ͵ѧһżա

֪Ҫܣ;֮ͬ򵥵ģԼ֣ſָ˻Σ־Ϳԡ
ָи֣Ԫ߶ͻͻһ
·סգգۣϣ㲻֪Ұ㣬Ѿѧˡ
֪ôġ
ۿֻѩ׵뱻Ԫ߷ɿתñסƽϢӿ˳أѾˡ
ȴ˰Ƭ̣͵͹棺ҲȫΪŰ㣬ʵҺ桭
ԪۣͷƤؽϡ
ӱ´յߣڵèצӣ濴òã
Դһ죬Ԫſڣ˵áҲ˵á
½⵱Ĭ֧ӣǰţҵFء
Ԫ붨һоֻСһһ̽һӽԴǸµҡ
ָץһ̣Ԫһ˲𵴣־һѿס󣺡ࡣ
Ҳⴥоָһɴ۽ŵҳ£ڵĻȴᶨ߸ȫɾˡ
ҹ͸ŷ϶Էҡһһ
ڽʪȵϢһϢѹֵݣһ׺ݡ
Ԫƽ齣һ£һֱŻˣѹͷġ
°ſԪţҵ鷳ֱץ֣ڲıػأѣαս˫ۡ
Ҳµģǲֺ̧Ƥ
ʱĿ̱Ԫ޿һҧץ֣ԭƮƮĶˣһӹȥöû֪
ֽϵվǳһоͷС
ﲻ˵ͦû˸ôѽ
ûʱ𡭡´ſǻģϸ
ԪߴۿᶯԼģģ
չ̣Ҳ̣һ㺹͸籡ͷĵĴϢһڳֻ߬Ԫߵ½ϸϸ
оԪߵϸ£޽շת
úһ⽻·˿Ҫ㡣
ҪĴ𣬷εԽԽͣҲԽԽȴٵصһ˲һɲȫ羲ֹ
һ̾ƺߵͷ𣬽ָһ٣ͷĿѣ̧
ԪޱߵﻺۣȰŵĴ꣬ͷȥ
Ӻ󣬽ϣԪ˼ӷϥǰӲùϴ֣һָɣһһʱʱ̧۶
ʲôҲûĿȴǧԱ˿ǣ
±ļ˸Ŀܿߣһתۣȴֿǵˮͫһٴ㿪ȥ
Ԫַָ߲˸棬Ħ΢΢ָָ
羪֮ٿذ˻áˣʰԼȥɡ
Ԫ̧ͷԡˣ
ݲڣϴˡ
Ҳڣ
·ɿҡͷϴˣô˯ɡ
Ԫ߿һϥüһǣȥʰ£ܿ졣
򾲵صͷ߽ԡٿסһԴԽı졣
˻ʲôַ̧ŵǶᡣ
ӦϴɾˣܾϢָ
ŵζȴΪŷǵᣬĿڻ졣
µ˵ȣñס˺͸
Ԫߴԡ򵥳˸²ϣú׶ԡȥƺѾ˯ˡ
ԪǰȥƱ齣ͷȥ
ȴյ³޲ΡΡܾĺ˶ų
ôСûͦ
δ˯ˣԪ߸ʡ
±˵ͷ
δ˯ˣ
¼ͷ
ͶԪƽһ
һ±Ҳû᲻á
Ҳǣǳиɵйġò˰ġ黭ʫʸ踳ͨġȥ
ڳָĸ˻ܻڻ顣
żϢû˵Ѿڻˡ
תſֱۣ㱧㱧
ԪЦŰ˱ͷķúڳȢ㡣


88 
, Žͻ͵бʻ볤ǣڣݽ˴Ľ, ˵쵽ˡ
ҹԪ˰ޣһ㿪ʼ, ·һʱСߣֱ˿ڴֱ, ̽ͷȥ
սյľΧǳĹ䲢δ̫սΪ±ʣȻָơ
¿ȥķȻ뿪ǰģݺύĽֵ, ӴԹ󵽲°գٵн̶, Ů˳ˮ
Ź۵ķ¥ֻȥؿ, ˰, ٴλصסʮĳǳ, ּϤİĸо
һ·Ƕĳʷʻȥ, ǰͣȡ
ձǰҴŮ´žݵæӭǰ񣺡, Ϊүһ·࣡
ﲻض񣬾˸ЩɻãһһкҴȥ
ϸ󣬱߱˵үǰùķӵȷˣȼҲתĩսһ𣬺ү˼ҹ˲ȵҽʿºүȻ˷ΣΪʹֹֻҩ˯ţӺүһ쵽ѵʱ򡣲ҽʿ˵˯ҩ£ͣҩһתȼ
԰ҩǿֹȣȻα겻αʱȶ顪·˽ЩΣ磬õҲ𰸡
¸æԺֱԷһȥżһŨҩζ
Ͼ˯ţɫƣﲻ֪˶٣˲㱡ۼȴˡ
࿴˸ۣȽø硣
ҽǰƬֿ̣˵̦۰ףϸʱķүβȷʵЩ֣ȥ˿ģҿһµķһ󣬱㲻ٺȰҩЩҩȶҲˡ
̫ˣ˿ԸŮֽī
ڼϣպīдҩ
Һÿˣϸм檻Ϊδͨ·ҪѲʱգû뵽ô졣
ÿȻԪߣ뾩ȻҹûΣгһһû£ٵδ⣬Ԫߴһ·ᴩս֮ľܣߵĶҰ·
ϻ䣬һͬŮ𣺡ˣǽҺõȣ
һˣһæͷվá
۾һӭ˳ȥΰ梣
˾ҲôȷѪ꣬·Ͽˣο´
ҺأµתһȦչ֣ǰ梣ʱܾ
ģһܻҲܳĹ벻Ѿۡ˵ųۣǰˮűʣϹƵ˿δһۣ߾ҽβأȰԼϹ˰ɡ
»ͷ磬鱦Ρ
¼ĸﻹƺ硱ǰͱɡ߾ҽˡ
ҩϣǰĿڱһ䣬Ҿ
бۿһۣûӦ
ת£ȥ׼үҩģʧˡ
ҽ
Ŀ뿪ɫõıΣСĪҽ㱸Ҵûս£͵ˡ
գգۣŶ𣿡
Щþȡ㣬ҽרΪҾ˸βӾסںչУ
˭Ҫˣ
ЦӯӯҿУδҶ԰ΰɡ
γŵǰ梿°ɡ
˵꣬һ̺ġءһתͷֶնһų˹
Цű۽סδūһᾢֱȴһӴһתͷèݸŮ˦˦֡
һûˣ
˦ֵĶһ٣Ӳתûġ
ûģ첲ҿǽˣԪô£û㿴
Ŀ˸ڣ˲ǣҿˡ
һ㶣翴ҹ˵ģ
šµϳҲˣˣЪͺá
ۿ飬ɵٱ֮ҹŵģĪǰ梸Ļᣬҹѧţ

ҡͷ̾̾ϧǱˡ
գδմԺ̼һչ˾˸ҹЪϢ
¿ҩȥȹ˼գ˰ҩһֱµףͣһҩ
һ磬¸޼ۣŮ˵үˣҴҴϴø˹ȥ
һԷö˶ϣӯӯȥסˣ˸ˣ
֮ǰ֪˳תҲ˵̰ڹ̧ı˵⺢ӲúôںҪ˸ƽ£˸ҪŶˣ
Ҫ˸Ŷˣ´˸ôĲҲ˵СǸʵϵģ¶ž˸ˣ
ҡͷֹ֪Ѿͷôʵϣ˸Ͳָ
;˭Ҳϲ׼£𣿡üͷ
˸ֻŮúùӣ˵ҹԮٵģǺ䶯ȫɻͬ˼ֱŤ
ûҲֱŤˡ
ĵسһǱãʡþ˸`ȥ׽
ƲƲ죺˸ôҼ޲ȥѽ
һҭ˸Ȼ֪ȢҼµĶŶƳһȦɾԼѡ£ͷ˭Ӳ㲻ϲ¡
˸⻰˵ģޣ˭Ӳ£
룬̾һ£м£˸ȥǰ˵֪˸ӦµĿĲͷǼʲôΪ㣬¿СӻΪ㣬˸㲻ˡ
㶣ʲô£ʲôĿĲ
齱߼½ˮݸ
ڣ²յɼǵã˸Ǽµģ
µȻǵã˸Ȼת̬ȣԪߵȥ˵ۡ
뿪ǰҹԪ¡֪˸պԪ黰ԴͷҲϢ˵̫۵ŵȥˣҲˡ
ŵǵԤ˫ӻһ˵ļ΢ʦ״ӣ뾩ʱɺϣʱǱȷŴһµĲߡ
˸ȥ̫֮Ӧ£²˸϶Ҳŵ
ʵ˸ı⣬ŵ˵ʲô߶߶Ļɣŵ˵޸߸ᵹù
߶߶˸ţŵ˵ԭԵҪȥߺס
¾õɴۣʲô
ŵ˵ʱûаɵҴӵ۳˵ΣϢ˸һ룬ǰκ׹ɲѰһΣæŵĻ¶
·˼ţҡҡͷ˸Ǳǵƭˣô䵽ͷϣ
˸ˣǸһˣΪȴ̰ɫòǶϣǿ˵׼Сӣȥ︰磬ҲûʹǶ¶һСӵĸǣƶ˵
⵹ǲ޵λŵһҪԪߣҲǼпܡ
ϾǸʿ˵ȥ̫ۻԸǴȴȥ˲⡰ǴײԴأ
ۿüͷ˼ӣο󲡹ʶˣҲûȢ˵δȥͷ¶棬ѶףӦǵ˵¿ȥ֮࣬Ҳزˡ
ѩ಻ҵܸ߼ˣҲɽ¸߾˸ֻܵͷãˡ
ĵȴţôԽ棬ץʱȥһ̫ˡ
峿ǽǰİɽֻƣµĵۣĿӵɫϣɨʷݵĽ̫֡ۡ
ѰҲ޲֮ͬѡֽ̫̾ĸǸƫ£ǳŵǼ΢ʦĵӣȨǶϲԣҲԭ
ͷɴñݲһʰϡ
ʵ˵ŵȥҲѽ
ѹô£ȻԶȥΣ߶˽ע밢߸Ļ£һɷѿģ밢߸Ȼɲ˾ѵٳ𣿡
ݻȻ򣺡ϻۣչΪˡ
ȻüƱأ䴽һЦ磬Ͳ࣬һе˵ӯǰ㣬Ϊյá
һӺ˵ĵڣϵعϣǰ˫ֺʮ۵ϣŮ£ǰΪڲ֮ġ
Ů֮δŮ϶ˣȻŮѣδߣŮһҹѵĶ㺣֣ڻļޡ
ŵǸˣҪ࣬úɷ£ֻٲΰ롣
ѵĶô࣬ŵҲֲһ
˵󣺡ŮѾף治ȰңֻԸԭŮ־ᣬʼ֮췣ŮǷδģֻٻˡ
˵ţߵ׶¡
⣬һŶסͫ׾ԭء


89 
´, ñɫ¿˿ݷų˵ãȥ
һ·Ƨ˴, ͣ£תʾݣΣ
ݸ¶ߵģū澷˵⶯͵ǽ, һλɨĵӣ˽Ų⻹춯, ȫ, ǸˣһλŲһٹҴææˣߵúš
»ȻۣһλҺ, һλææȥ, , ˣ
һŵΪٽ², ضٴγء
µ˵ͷɽҿ֮, Ҳһ¾Ǻ컹ȷиݣ࣬ȥԪ
ڲַ̽
֪֪֪, 㲻Ԫ֪ˡ
½Ųȥ³ʯףǰһϤӰʰ, ߵĶӵķ緶
ţͣڹǰԶԶһָ𣿡
˳ָȥӰȷʮƣݵӺйǱĲ̬
ۿǰһŰһʯףЩˤſ
ṫȲԶˣҡͷֻǱӰɡ
˰£ˬת²ٴ粽ڲǰ뵽Ԫʾغ;Уûעųö򡪡
ڱ֮ʱ׽ӸһڼҾȴնǣⳡıѳųն³ֹ󣬳첻֪ҪȾѪա
̫ǰֲ㣬ƺ֮ߵľɹʱ̫ӾȻӦ䷴֮ܣΨһļƻͼŸĸ̫ܵ
ΪߣֻһλȥǰǶһɳ̫ӣη粨İմ̫ӵ౾ڽǵ裬ӽζ̫Ҳʧ͸²ձ㽫
Ļӣȥ飬ҵнʹһسΣѣִ¶ӣ·ͷʢѳɴλѡ
գ𵽺͵ıΣ̫ӵ㾳ʺ⣬梿ɻǣ
ζԴ֮ԱǣյƲŸĭûйϵˣǣͷϡ
Դӱο󣬶ף̺мףۺͻʺ󼸺ûŮˡ
ˣǶԱΪҲһֻ۱һֻۣȫȥ
ǰΪΪ˸ĸĿݣֱȥϦ֪һұŵ²Լµ걦ΰԭҪ̸ۼޣȴǸڹ۾֮ΰ梴˺޻֮ġݿҲǶŮЩ΢ɡ
ҲΪ̫꣬ĸ̫ӰִǰãΪӣȻҪ󷽴ͣҲҪ飬ʲôġεһЦ˵ֱûΪı£Ǹλӣɽһ𶪵ЩմҲã϶λҪϾɱģõĽ֡
˼ص˵ͷĵΪڱ˰ɡ
һ޴Ǹ״ҲãҪġ
״ãһ
Ӵ˵©ˣ죬Ҳ©˷ܣ˶֪ʱ԰νԵЩˣƷ˼񳣳ҹ뾪ζΪѾڲ࣬Ѿνɱ˺ü̫๬Ů
Ⱦ֢֮²Ǻ
ֻҹ£ȥܹ鲻Ǻ¡ҡҡͷ˵©죬Ī˵
æͷ
ҪϢҲֻԪߣôԶ˵±ֿҪġ
ˣ˵׼ˬͺˣֵһȺԱ⣬ҿǸѡæúܣҲû̫쳣ˣ˵ҹҲҪˣ뾩ȥˡ
һ㶣˵ĸ岻ãھТԸȥΪ𣿡
ұ㲻ˣ˵ߵûͦﶼձҪ˰ɡ
ô
ʲôͷݣݣڵ۵˸òΰɣ
Ҳ뵽˰죺ѡѵṫĻΪٽɱϽʰ·ˣ

ԽԽƣӦôɣһأʵסһḮš
ȴ˵ǽ̣˿Ѿڳǵ·ϡ
ܵڣ˷ԶУضǰ뾩ѶôǹѵĽ飬Ȼ֪ݵĲ²⵱治
´ߵĵţæóͷŷ׷˹ȥ
ϣòװ;׷ҵþݺͣҳȴһҵȻԽʻԽ죬ۼųתöˣ
ǰһƣԼҳǰ
óѧĸϳɣ˾ţ֮ڳſڷһ˦βһᡣ
ͣ
һ·˵ҡҡλΣͷΣŶǱݲǰߵϣṫʲô
ǳ£Ҿ֪ںĳʧ񣬿кҪ£
¿Ķһ߱ˣǷѰɡ
εһ֣ʾߵ˴ʣ㣬ǰЩȥ̫ۣ
δҡͷ
Ǿˡº޺̾˿ôŵδϹȴҧˡ
ҡͷ۵ؿİ£Զƭģ
̧
¼ͣ˵ϧԵŬٽһף
㶿ȵ
ɲǣǼ¶ˣûҪٽ׵˼
γ֮¶һ·쵽ףĳˣĳ
㣬ⲻ𣿡°ڰ֣ǧ벻뾩ĸ岻ã˾񲻹˲ϼˣ
λһȣҡͷҲˣҵȷδ𣬵뾩ȥۣұȥ񶨸յġ
ǡ
ɫԺʱͬ˵ΪΪ񣬴ڣȱһĸȴֻôһӣΪףʵԸ飬־һսУֵֻ̫֮֮͢ʣĸײԸΪСңҲΪǧ򻧾ԼһżҸ֮սؽؽ뾡Э˾Ŷǲܴʷˣһؽ
˵ⷬʱ۵׹â·һٲʢݳǡ
ԭˡ³һЦ̫ˣܴʷܿ
ٽպں볤Ҳɽţдǡ
һһͷͷҵ㸰ˣ̰ɣ
οǰˣ֣سҾףδ˷ܽڵĿ뿤սһ̣Ըƽ˳죬ϲǣٽҸ
»ҲԸṫǰƽ־ɡ
ٴγҾ漴˺ת
ԭĿȥ·𿴵ܶĹ֮֮ţʮµ̤;ĵһ
οʻԶתͷݣˣȥɣ˵£˰߸Һúöŵģһȥ
սתʮǴѵϢġ
Ŀȼ࣬Բ齣ѿµߡ
·ſģ˿УҲٳڸϣȥͷתתƩȥȺСơ
ٽ󣬽¶ɹ̫ϲüҵؽū澸ոյһϢŵιˣ
еĶèֱɽҴˣȥ̫ۣǻºúʸס
ˣ԰ŵܵ˵ʿܲ˹ˣȿһϢ
ɻգգۡ
̧֣ơ
һһֻϻϲɫϲļˣ
»ϲϲ첽ǰ̴ֻľϻȴһЩҴ򿪣ĬĬ֣Сϻӡ̵ć֡
ߺٱҹԪߵúڳȢ㡣
˰ļ£ЩưɣЦſ
µͷһϻۣͻȻһҴҵĽŲ
̧һαŮ˽
ĺȻˣעȫڼ£δעⱦɫʰղЦָָǰϻãҵļ£Ҳûһһۣ
νŲһͣͲ԰׵һ
ˣ㶿űϴδɫ
£ĴϢҸ㡪
Ц˲ȫգʲô𣿡
Ȣˡμѵ£㡣


90 
ϲɫһ, ϻ۵ֽµðûعظһ鱦εĻ, Ȣˡң
һſż, ŮĻ, һѷסſ򣺡ʲô
¶, ;˸㶶
ιȥ૵ôܣǲǸˣ
ο˿, ֻͷ˿ĴϢ, 󡣡
Ŀڻ˿, ָ̧綼ˣ׻ףһֱɧź߾Ķô, һǵİգһף
ǰ, ݽ֪, ǰ, ߳, ű߹, º軹Ԫ˵£ԪҲΪƽԺҪʾغ
ѲǱŮı, ŮŻ
үȱż˵θʹ˸ɫ, ʾ˵˱ܡ
ӣ˸ͱΰþݶˮ, Ŭʵĵ»ʲô
εͷĵ˼¾Ǳô򵥡Ѹߣ𽥽ָӣԭҴǽãȴսɣԴ󲡹ʣһֱҴǿս
ǰʱҴң˿ӣɧź߾̽˼֣ȴֺ߾ڣˣһҲûʲôս⣬ͣӺһС
Զһƣװָͣ¡˱ûȶ׺׵Ļף˵òñͬȢһԡֻ̰ɫѵúܣָ֮£ΪԪߵδޣˡ
һ˲ףͳ͢Ĺϵ
߸׼ȷ˵ԪߺӵĹϵ
ûʲôɺϣȢѡͷɡ
üͷľãʵӸν׳ɲɣؼȢ֮ҴǲĵĹ̡ҸʴӦףԪοҸʣԪ߲Ӧó£ҸοԪߣŷţ̶ҸʺԪĵס䲻ɣҸԪͬģ߿ս»ʲô׵ĶӶԣôӮ
ǺֶΣļơ
߬һ˫
ʹƣǲģǲǽ¼ڻϿ˭˭ˣһǵͨ죬һתͷʣ֪ʲô˵ĵ¼ȻѾ˵ĹƣܻȰ˵ʥĪмưɣ
˵ϢոյҸټس飬ĵ֪Ҹ±ţգҸʱ빬
θ±ţȱ룬˵Լ취̽̽ϢҴ뿪˺
ºţþûг
̧ͷ۵ʱ򣬶ӱ˴۵׿ͬһѶϢ
ŵ桭
£˸ŵʱ
ŵʱ˵Ҫȥףԭνģʡ
˵ʲôšüͷŶǻʲôֻأ˵˸ʲôԵסͲȥˡ
³ĬЩĴʣԵԵ
ԵѵָǾָײԴ£ס˻ԵΪλûиıˣ
Ȼŵ֮Ǻ˵Ƿƾ֮ߣ
ûк׵ϢնҪȥ̫廰¡
³ŬŬ°ͣʾȥϻȡ˸ȥ̫ۡ
ƻʱ֣ٴ̤ۡ
еŵӺܿ·ǽһ侲ҡ
Լʮĵһֱۣ˫٤ãĿڰǰϰһֻϻӡ
Ů롣ŵŲ΢ſۣǰһ
ǰȥ֮ϣĿɨ⡣
ڽƶһˣŮġ
´ȡǱڰ棺ҿѰ£ձ㿪żɽˣΪҽ󡪡⻰ǷǵдкĿģֺԤ֪⻰дҵˣ
ŵͷۣҡͷ˻ƶдƶҲԤ֪֮ܡ
üͷ
ܹԤ֪֮ƶʦ΢ʦ˻Ϊʦд
۽һ
΢ʦԤ˫ӻԪһΪǡ
ԡλװɽʿǰԸˣʵǼ΢ʦ
ǡŵףƶ֪ʦΪд»Ҳ֪飬ֻʦУ¡
ʲô£
һŮǰѯƽɷ֮𡣵ڶŮǰŮԵԺ֮档һŮǰ㽫ϻӽŮŵǰϻ˹
´ۿֻ۵ľϻԵǰΣҺ֮׷ǰЩӵŰݷãµҲǵڣǰ֮£
ǣŮѰ¾ֻϻУƶʦδ򿪿ŮҲ˴֮ŵ˵գһҾ˳˾ҡ
ۿǰľϻһûж
ײԴ֮ǰȥѰ⻰¾ȴ޹ָ䣬ԪĴ̽Ȼ
𰸾ǰ˵ԪߵĽ֣ȴȻҿˡ
ԭ֪˿£η顣
΢ʦǵÿһҪһʲôĽ֣
ĬΣ»ȥ˱ۣϻǡ
һûдƺŷӳ𿪻ᣬȡż㣬һչżϵּ뻰һģһ
һĿִŵ˫ֱ̲ס
ʮ֮꣬Ϊٺ뾩Ԫ߾ٱʾһ·ʬǧѪɴֱָ
ٳ£Юӯϳ¥вѾͶԪڳ¥֮½еġ
̸֮ܽŵߴӯһս
ҷƽ߳룬ͬ꣬ȫݣһȷƮҡ㸲֣֮һȹڴΣѡ
ӵǻΪۣŻӯָ֮
ӯȴЯŮһڳ̫ۣٲ
Դˣս֮Ψ෻䴫š
ഫʮ꣬鳭򸮣ڶԺ鷿ʰһö˲²⣬Ԫ˽ʱⲻͣΪ˶Ŀ֮ʡ
䴫ңͷβһʱ֮»졣
ι֮ʱǡ껰ҷ䣬˵õۣ֤١ҡͷһЦԻ롣
ȴ添дˣϧǰİң˫Ŀ޷ŮѰС
ľ̫ۣ£ԴΪ֣Ůոһգȥжö֮еӶԴ˻ɵ༸뵱棬ÿÿ֮չ¶Цա
ֻǿеӽԺƿףҴֻƬҲ֪Եɣʼ󲻽⡣
ֱ¡Ҹд޽;ƿ֮գյÿǰԸҶ
渵ҷԭϷ˵Ϊ˫ӣԤ˫ӻϳӱʮһģϳսɳͬ궬Ժ֮ܡ
ϧϴӽеͶ֪֮࣬һΪʱ
޹ֿʹˡ
֮ʱΪһˣΪǣΪ½ѣⲻ֪ԼˣҵԤԣ⣬ģɽ飬Ϳ̿
νԣЦ֮
ջڲ޷Ŀִ촹֮ԺָӰƿת
ۣҾػʮһ궬ϴӿǰ¡
ұ֮ˣôԸɶ˻Удԣ
һһԤ֪֮£̹ȥŻϴһдУΪת˳֮ˣӯûԵϴ֪ˡ
ʮ꣬Ҷ֮սɽ飬Ϳ̿
΢ϡ
𶯵ز۽ޣıؽ߬ż㣬ָΡ
ĿһлϣֻصһУζסǾ䡰Юӯϳ¥вѾͶԪڳ¥֮½еġ
㱼䣬ߺȻҹجξѣԪ߰οĻսļô˵õңҽеͶԭزߵģ֪𣿡
ǰҹսôܶ㲻ӭļ
ǲǣجΰˡ
ǸĽûˡ
ûˡ


91 
, ʹڵ
ףӹ̷ϵĲյģʹ۽޿յȲ衣
ڵ, ˿ס
̫ۻҹյѩఢ˴Ŀ, ˵Ӧ빬, ˺һµ֣λسһַ, ӦӦס
ѩఢ梵Ϣ, Ӿ侲շתһҹԼȲҪǷ顣
뿪̫֮ǰ΢ʦںδ, ŵȴ˵΢ʦøԪѾ, ȥ궬ˡ
΢ʦ𣬹ƾһ飬, Ԥ֪£ĵ, ƾʲôôˣ
˵ǸֱҲ˵ͨȻֱԪ, ֪ԪߣôΪԪߵ, زܸһֺɫƾʲôΪеͶ
һҪ䣬Ҫأ
, δڱ̬ȻǰõϢʱ˵ǣ˿Ļᡣ
ۿȥ񲻼ѣɫƣüܲһֱŶͷιȥǿڣ֪ʲΪ빬
ѹ̧˵ˡ
ǰյ飬سһõϢ糯¾ɺ࣬ʽŵ֣ұ㶼֪ˣҲʡҪһʧ롣
˹ƽʲѾͷǲŲæһҲģ
ʲôõĵģлʲأʲֲܴӦǣһ°͡
۾΢㵹֪޵˼
ȻˣʹǰڵǸʱٽһȥʲͬأ˵ҴСڳڳסȥϰ߱ȺҪԶҪʲȥǶ˵ǼȥǶ޸һҰͻˣ
ȷʵʲ鷳ˣ˵̾˿ûʲ˽ѾףϾҪˡ
ɫһݡ
δСܹȷˣѺǴϻ۹˵ʶˣϧ
۶˽һƿ۳̾һǰʲȻ᲻㣬˵ĶнѾ׵Ŀͳȥ׵ĵѶΪɾܾߣ˵ҴǲǲԸ׽ãֻѡʣٻһλ׵ĹȢƩȢ㱦ΰ梣޾ɾܾˡǺã
µһ
ʱپܾ˽ƪҴǹ߾ҴǴϷˣܿս¡ʲҲ˲٣Ӧ׻ʲĹǣ߾Աս£˷ֳƽңʵǲ̼սƽɹ˭ء
׼õ˵񱻿ںףʣµĻ˵䡣
ĻʲҲ²ĸĸ幫ȥߺʮ꣬άϵƽʮ꣬˴ƺƽˣʵŮ޾ôͳȥҲ㸸ףңüƣˣˣ˼ȥһ˫ȫ֮ϻۣܰʲǣ
Ȼ˫ȫ֮ģǱǲҪĻʲˣӦףʶΪΪѣĻʲºͳķ顣
ٴյĲ裬ɢȥӵѾһ
ˣʲ룬Ҳʲ룬Ȼȥɡ۰˰֡
¸²յһδȥ
ڵŽµıӰʧڹȾͷ̾ϢҡҡͷСѾͷֺγ·Լѡ·
һյ裺ҲΪѣȥ󶨻ױġ
ʲôģһЦŵŮȻӵ
̾һѵŵ̧ۼǱιֿںͷΪѣ
ʾ°ɣ̧ۿ򱦼Ρ
οż߽ڣʵģ梵ǰ̣߾õ幫Ĵһ𣿡
ʵģǷȴҪ˳´ʱԸöסЩڸڿڣ
ģ֪飬ɻڵƴؾ֪ҹλؿѰ
ɫضűΣſŵˣһȥĸ۵ıһƴʹɫ
Ϊıƽϧ߹ؽʿδ֮УѰ
ʲôЦϧ߹ؽʿǺĽ˱ɣƽӶٶߣҪ߸һս֮߾Ӳսˣһ´Ӵֻϣ
žһյѵ춯һֻյҵνűߡ
λͷŷɽȹڵĹ̲ˮ촽
żƽδ»ԡ
һһָűΣλϣ޲ò£޷ӶӶ淴ˣ޴޲¿ɻлվĸ£ڷɸ˵ϲйһһķģϵһδ޶ѣΪкβɣӦ£ͷ޴ʹʮٸδޣ
һ˵ͷ
ǰҹ󸸻ңĸҲ˵һѣ޸㻻һõľˡ
ףĸⶼֵһᣬа˶Ա档
Ƿ֪ܺùûġŸҹҹΣÿÿתΪѾڲ࣬ףʵ֮ܿŮ֮ޣĸǣ
ƻ裬ڣ¿©ҹŵҼ̷ˣþݸһյȲ衣
ȥֻ֪Ҽ̷ԭԪϵãҶΪСԪϣΪԽòƣԪϲźʹȢΪ̡
ֱںãСԪϵһʼ֪㵮µ˫ӣ㲡źʹȢңӱû˱ҹΨ˫ܱ¶СԪΪ˽ϰģҲΪ˽µĺӣ޽ҡ
ȻֱʹսСԪ϶δг²²ΪСԪϱͲҵķˣҵѣҲܲСԪϣǰʹѾĴӰ
СԪϽӹȲ裬磺ʥϵɻת
½Ŵҡҡͷ
Ҳʹ˼ȴʥѾղȥ̽ߣġ
ĿնضŴķ򣺡˵ʥ⡣
СԪϱ˱ۣʥ̽ߣ޷뿴Ƿжģǽ˰ߡ
һ㶣ĿԶջأ˴˻⣿
ȫϣ㽫һоʵ桭ʵǰȷһֱΪıʥϷҲ³򣬿ɰ޹ġСԪۿӯᣬ԰߼ϣԼ£Ȱ˵Ѿôˣ¼ù⣬ƽӹµһҲùɽﴳȴ˵Ϊӵʹ
ɫ˰ס
ǰػؾ˵ԽԽԼսģᴦҲǰ࣬˵ʤʱԽԽڱ߹صǸӡȥεս޶꣬ҲļˣڳﳤǸأ
µͷȥס
ŵڣºСԪһͬĬš
ιȥСԪϴȡһ飺һǰҲ߱߿ʱա
̧¿һǡ
밢߶׿Ƿαһ⡣
½ӹתʶ飬ͷס֣һͷĿѣ
ҹɪɪ©죬¶ڴߣŴⷺƵӣھȴʲô
һҶ£׹볾֮С
ŵҹһȵĽŲһ
ֱ⾪ݴӡ
һɫ񣬸ߴӰҹɫΪһ壬һ˫ķǷǷͶ㣬δȡ
ԶԶһعǰðȥԼ£л¿
ӴۿڹµˣȦĬĬҡͷ㲻ţұҲҪ㡣
һӽݣ´п
ժ¶ڳ£ģٶزãⳤǻգ
棬˵ͷ
һ棬ڹóȻǻӸţϾ֪٣Ծƻʱͨΰ梵м˸Ӵ˸š
ʾ⾪裬ʵ·˵ҲҪңʲôң
ӵͷ֮£㲻ԣάϵƽʹ
´˴ۡ
ϣ˵߾ʱԺһһĿһ˲䣬۵ĻǶԵġ
Ӧ֪ùõȥ֮ǰһʫ
ʲôʫ
ǲһ𢣬֪δý
΢΢һ
ȡõĺƽվݣο±߷ֻҴǵļıǵĶҰģ޹ȥƽάϵãȻһսΪҪװƽüͷȴš
游λʱһζأҴȷһսֻ֮棬ʱʱ룬յϴͳҪҰôǲܴ裬Ҳд־֧ԡ䡯ΪţЩȷ˴ǵȴҲ±ײӶӵأ֮ģʾһսҲԽԽأҹҹΣ´ʱľѲѡ
ǵأźٽ𣿡
ӵͷȥõʱȻǸʱδѾѡ񡣡
ɽʱձǴǵӣʣʥⲻţΣ
಻ƶΪңһɣһԡ
¿Ц¾㱣ңܱ³ٽ𣿳ԽǷԺף¿±Խĺٽѣʱô죿
һʱûд𻰡
»һ£һϴͳҪһţȡʲô
һͣôȻ
֪һԽҺҪܹ̹档
ҹѩఢ梵ϢһδػߵĴҡ
ɽѾѾղǰȥ̽ԪߡԪһӦ΢ʦ˵֮
˵Ϊıꡪ˵߾ֻһ£ٱ
Ƿ⡰ס顪ˣǷ̫۶ȴ˵̫۵ŵǼ΢ʦĵӣȥԣҵı𴦵ۡ
𴦵Ȼַ·˵Ǹߣܽʲô
ĽңӽĴ𰸡ҹһҪʳ⡣
½ס˶ˡ
˼󣬾˵֣
ӵǻΪۣ
ϵּǰ¸֡
һĳ׵ȵףһ˲֫
ŵûƭ΢ʦҲûƭǸ˵ͨĽ֣Щĵ¡ࡣ
ɼ΢ʦľԪ뾡һа취öһˣȴҪ·
һɲ·𿴼̫۵ĴﶬģԼȹ˺ܶܶͷ
Ԫ֮ûȥǽԼô꣬ǲڳͷԼ
ĳͷҪڶΡ
±˫ۣȻǸ䵽Уֻ뿪ܱصޡ
ԸΪ㾡ȫҺܸмɼȥףҲΪҵ£Ҳˣ뿪Ҫɡ
Ӹڰϵһ߬Ҫ뿪
ۣͷһЦҪ뿪Ψһİ취ǴӦףϼ£ȸֹ󣬷߳ȥ


92 
ҹ, ǰλ꽪µľȷϵ˵Ӧף
µͷ²Ը߿սϣ߸, ߸ϴǷʥּһҲǱ˳Ƶ̽߸ܣ±ûɷѣܾľԱ, ϶սϲΪı, Ҫδӷءڳ߸ֻ־ܡұȴӦ, 뿪
˵ͷô˼, Ⱥ׶У, ٽ
ҡͷҲǣ¶Ȼ߸غ׶Ŀ, ߵó, Ҿ˸˶߲֪飬¾˸ԪߴǰĸҲ, ²֪Ԫ߻, ͬοסˡ
һ˵, 㰢߸˭, ɵӶҲʦ, 躵ֲһΪɫĸڲ, սĽ׷֧ʧ߹ʱ¾䶼ַ߾߾ָոоǧ˸أˣδת¾׼˺ڹ͢ĺͱ϶ռơһ̣ж޹
üȻҪ޽ߣӦסһ˵
ҽĿģʣҽпмҩ
ĿһԼ֮
֣صͷȥԺ׹ߵϵȨҴУѡǺսվϷ磬ң߸綨취Ӧҡ
֪Ԫ߲ܷӦףȻضҪΪƴɱôһ̣ҲܷǴҪǣ಻
ļƻȷʵУֻһ㡪ҩˣһӦ˲ӣ̫ãܿŪٳ棬ҲѲˡ
ҽڣˣպǣǳѲҾ˸ˣô߾ʿĽ֣Ѿļƻˣ𣿡
ƶҡͷˣٽҲͬ⡣
һЦҽõҽʿֻҪ˵ҩ壬Ҳ֮ǣٽ㡣
ѹٷ̵ôԵ˵ԭ
̧֣ס˶ͷ
Ϊֻ̯һķӣû뵽
⽥ߺһ¡
峿ڣվױ̨ǰֻʢװµϻ
ƽ֯ʣһһɵ棬˿˿ƹ⻪ת
ͱۿСָ̧֣ⴥϼµƣ̵رͷȥ
Բҹѽƻ߾˸ͱΰ梣˵һһĳŵ£˸ȫ֮ߣֻܴӦ
ݣҴϼ°ɡ˵
ǡ
ȥӯһҪЩ䶼סա
ϼŵȾϲɫ
ױǰϻ䣬ϴ֬ž˵ģʣΰ梣Һÿ𣿡
δӾпüԶɽ촽ݣ뻭һ˫ˮӯӯ۵׺Ц⡣
ÿ梴δ˺ÿ
¶ͭЦ
ֻϧҪ޵˿
տҽʷӣޡЦŸ˱κ;һһۣԾ˻һֳȥ
ʹǵ֮ϣΪ׵һ볯Ժףʣµĳ˿ʥģ˳ʥ⣬࣬ĭɣ֪µĸìܣܱĬԣ˵ǽͷݣ紵ߵ
۲ݣƶʮͷۡ
վһڳǰΪԭӦʵľҪһ۾
̳һɤӣӯ
˲ѻȸ̧һڳȻתͷ
ս£ŮһϮ²ϼҷصȹһׯµĺףͷڱʯ貣մ׹ͷɫϼʣӰҡ
һɲ˺Ů⣬һɲǰת񿴼ĮɳŮһϲУķ˪
һ滭õͭͻȻ飬Ա±Ѫ£һʱȻΪֺӶͬ׵ˣĵҲֻʣ޾̾Ϣ
ǰһ۵ǻҪض㣬޴ãɱߣֻǵһնڽ¡
Ӷһҧأݸ
Щδڹ·ֻԱڹ˵ϻԼĸײ裬·ϣִ游͸ʶ˵£ȴ˸˵˸Ҹģ𽣣ŬնҪЩĿ֦ҶôǲڣͬҲٸꡣ
һ·йʹ࣬йȻȴδйͷʱ̡
һ̣һλͷȥ·Ŀˡ
·ĿûзôӺͺĶڽճΪĵƷ
ֻԿһٿһֻһ
ӽ߬ס˫ȭۿĿעߵǰ˫ºǰݴ񣺡Ůٽѽ⣬Ը֮е幫֮־ΪԶߣԽ֮á
ʮһ£۲ӯΪӯ¼ߣԺΪףһˣڵ»͹ʹ
º󣬺߽磬ظɳĮޡ
ƻʱ֣Ѫ͸ȾһĹ⣬ӱ߻Ʋݸź˪ѩԶɳĺΪһߡ
ոմõӪһæƱȡˮ֧ȡů
ٶʱڣ֮·ѣҹѩŰңÿÿ̫ɽ֮ǰ׶ҪͣЪţⶳ
ʹ֮ΪӯȻ֣һ·ҪޱԹȴʱճ£ѩأǴλ۳Ͷ٣ɳŰ֮£δԹһ䣬οæҵҪ֮ʱҲӲƸǣ˵ʲôš
̿ʱ򣬹˵ҹﶳȣԼֳ̿ҽʿҿ
ȴҷʥôһ˿£˭Ĳ鲻Ըչ˹ҲǵĹ˲ӣЩ͵˱ҪСȴ˴ĵŽһҲܿܶ
ҹλҽʿҽ߳ʲôͷȣҽʿһ֣ܺܿҩ
ؽ빫ͶԵ˵Ǻʮůһ졣
ɫ̿յ¸ջһصļ£ӵűȲϣɾŻ͵ĶǣХı硣
һ궬ȥʱԺԪߣ뵽ջĻɳȹ
ӣŲңƺæ׼ҹš
һ·ĴζºȻʣݣһգǾҪ˰ɡ
ǵģ
¿϶ص˵ͷ
ԪǧʱֽţͨΣգԲ˴˴ϢԪĬȻӦ׵ġ
ںȷûд춯ԪҲƽ˾֮£һз·Դϲ
һ·Уֱؽ磬һὫȥ갣˵ļƻԪǧ
һ·˿ʹ£ȷʵЩ˸⵹ùܿ࣬ҲбĿġ
ֻסģԺļƻźʵʩ
뵽̾˿
ں߾Ӵ֮£Ǻ׵ĹߵĽĲָܼǧﻹܡ
ҾǸǣһȫļƻԽԽǲ
ºȲ裬Щ⡣
Χֻʣ±ŵ˸оһġůѣƤ̲סһ
ʱºȻһ龪ѡ
ȵȣ߲
̧ͷݣͷôûˣ
ݲǴ³ЪϢɡ
Ҳɡµĵ˵ȥɱǳʲô£ˣ
򶨵ͷū澳ȥ
ֱĿ;ݳʣȴһϰµĹͷȼ𷽲ŵ˯
Ƥżܣĵӿһֲ̫õԤС
ųˣôֹסطǡ
ԺŵȲ裬㱼𷽲žֵķӦ
ͷû˶ӦȸеֲǡɾȴһϢ˵ӡ
ؽ磬߾פŵĹذе˸
ѵ
»ûü뵽յǸ𰸣һɲյ۵һµ䣬һǰȥӭһѽסȼʵš
˯֮ʣһҹҹμͷ𡪡
һСű߹أҾǵܱ߷𣿡
ңԪܸΪ£㴩ϲҺĹذ߽ߣ
ֻҪԼȹ಻࣬ӣ
ƴҪ˵ƴҪֹȴһŴֻ¹̵


93 
̿žĴ, һҹµ꽫ŻϣؿһȦǺñ, ָƽ£üģȥۡ
ܿ죬ŲŮ첽˽
Сߵأ¸ոջµ£Ԫʾٽūȥźݽ㻻ϼ¡
Ԫߵͷ
ߵԪ߸ǰرٽ, 澰䶼ѻԼˣһӦͨ뺼׹ĻʥּҲѵ֣߾ҲĿ, һġ
һ׵ϡ
Ԫӹҹһ
˽, һʱּԽ
￤سһ·Ϊᳵ, ֻ˾ݽһŮ, Сʱ˹򸮣ظٽһͬؾû뵽˵ȥ׵, ΪҲˡ
ڹۿٽյϢ, ȴò̽, ѹֵȸžһ
ٽ飬δУǲӦݷı, һֱڵȴ´ָ
ֱǰЩӣ׶ڣʵȲסˣٽԤʱ֣ô֣
ٽȴ˵ӦףΪ˱ȫԼˣҪȫҪȫ뱣ȫˣ»ֵʱ
Сֻܽؼȣȵҽţȷ˺׶ԱãǱ㿪ʼ׼һ͵
ܴӦݽϺ׵ҲܴӦٽԼ߾ķʽȥðգ˶ƻֱҹ
Ԫ߿׼ѹ䳤Сҽڴˣչ˺ùһúú׶һˡ
ɿͷٽģ
Ԫ߻عͷȥ˰˯һǣת󲽳ȥ
糭վ⣬´Ԫߣÿˣ״ٽϾǱȴЩƽӹ֮ۡ
ԪƳһۡ
ڣ˵ڳ濼ǹµļƻԾ
йƨȥŵǼٺˡ
ٽģٽ֮ǰһҲѡ
˵䣬һ£ͷϲСӸӷ˳
һ߾İҲжǰ
ԪվǰĿɨˣϤ׾𣿡
ͷЦٽʵȲǵģպðɣйϰˣ
Ԫ䴽һЦ漴ָɫ䳤泯ˣȻӯǰ߱߾ӭʹţȡ߶׼Գһ·֮࣡
ǡ
һһҹҹ
̿𾲾ȼţůıѣ˼ȴڻ粻ξƮɡ
ǰһҡεĴʣԪ߷׷ȥҪɤȴʲôסһ仰Ҳ˵ֻܳڱѩԶ
һǹĴĮҵչ£ѵĺ׶дԽãɳһ·ȥƤëձµʹǰף˵ֿڵĺԺ֮ӭ
ֵµİҹشصӪǵĺ׶ʹŹһӪһߣһ밲˯ͻȻһҹļžӪں֮⽣Ӱ˲սһš
սӴ֮ȷѪƮҡǵӰִ˪ƿ󣬺֮оӦ

ͬһʱ̣֮߱߾߽֮أҹӪأѧŽµ̬ϣۿѪ죬̱֮ڶ
ţݾؽס£ţʱ׼ʵĳ
׶׼ʱڽջƻʱִֵ߱߾ǰӭ׵ʹŻϡʹ㵱뾳ݰռƻװͷģв·Ҫڴһҹ
ʹδ룬Ǹһͬǰ߶Ƶҹζ࣬Դ˵ҹ纮˪Ϊɣϣ븽ĳǳء
һִٳɺ֮£ӭҲԹңȻǱװģߵҽʿ
ٽҽ׼˸ıҩǰ£ҽʿһζ֢֮˵²жǶӽıһ롣
ݸ˿ô꣬ȻǻŷһͨƢ˵㱡Ҫ·Ťͷشȥڲ˵ʲô
һݻ没ˣҲôԴ
Һ濤ҲҺٽⳡҹϮһжˡ
ŽʲѪɽ֪ڼӵ˱ͷ߾նɱ
ɱȥݽŵţһŲȻнһѳʡ
ͬʱƿӭһ߾ʿ
˿еĽ
ݹﰲģʹѾ𣬶ԷԮܲþ͵뾪ݹٳˣ
ݵͷ첽ȥ
ӪʬɽѪѵŵڵϵľˣȫȻһɱ
һݷʱɱÿһÿһԪڹȥﷴ룬ơ
һ·ƹµʬߣһ·̾ҹС˵Ⲧ߾ԪִϿѵսɳǿĺŷɥĹҹֲǷ
Ӫһ߾Ԫ֮ὣϵʬײȷÿʬ͸лٿڣһڴֳ¾ĺۼ
ԪһѪվӪ룬гµѪĿŽűʬףѥ⻺ѥƲѪ࣬۽ȷĿ߶ӡ
ԽȻôᶯԽ
Ԫ۾гһһնǿԵɴ˫۵ͷ­
ԴǱˡ
磬֮⣬ظӪء
һ󣬴ӪѣһɲƤԴһʱ֮侹벻Լʱϵ齡
ͷѵػ˰죬ֻļӪߴٹš
벻źûгԡ
ѾشϳͷԼһ£һתȴûľʩϿװź׹ĵĹٷȻѹвѵ
뵽ʲô齣ˡˡ
Ĺٷ𣿡һ
һ˲űƿۼһеĹٷһҪǰȥӣһһΣȻоﲻԾ
һѪһɲ㷭ӿһŨصѪ
ȥӹٷֶԭأŷĹٷͬѪ߰ߡ
һŰĽӲ̧һİϤġѪס
İΪ˲ӦôʼҵĳС
ϤΪΪͨĹԱȻˡԪߡ
һȻо۷תϵԴѾԼȥ
ԪЦһĵĹٷģһҹսܾˣ컻Ϲٷسȥɡ
һ£Ѿ뿪Դ·ֻصϣʲôţ
ջӯ߾ڻƻʱʹŻϣҹӪҰ˭֪Ъ߶ҹʣԹҴƴò߶Ӱν򣬵֮£߶Ӳ
һ˫۾ԽԽ󣬻ûعһƿڱϻӣһʵͷ­ô͵¡
ý
˼еؿڣ߶ʹŭ֮ҴǿսҴΪɱУһսʹһҴ棬Ҳҹ͹˻ڡ
㵵صԪߣ̧㡢ôȡ
䶼Ū׹һʲôģԪü
һŲΡΡ͵׹ȵףԪôڽߺ׹ɱ֮ö֮ػ
Ū׹Ԫ׶һڽӣ
䲻صģ˿̾ͺúôӪصһϵˣֻлŵ˵ģ࣬Ԫ䴽װͷ­ϻӣ뵱Ū׹ﳼ뵱ҴǹݣҴǹĹ
Ӻڣ´ӻҽ֯Ļת˳صƤƫתͷԼ齱һϤɫӰ
գգۣģҰڳ׿齱˵һ˲Ȼɴۣס
һɲֲˣһµΡ
Ԫ̧ϴѪ۵ƣǰ˻ΣҩЧδȥ
ʧૣǡ𣿡
ԪͷһЦΣʲô
롪ӯ˽
ԪЦų̯֡
㶽ֽģһʹק𣬵ͷһŷԼ֪ʱѾ˼¡
˳ֵ˫һ˵ء
ԪߵϥأϲЬǣ
Ÿƿţһ·ȥһѱһƥͷϣӵס
һɳ۶
ǳʹ˽


94 
̿, ӭŸĽڳ۳Ҷһ·ݣ, ;, ãޱ߼ʵɳضȥҪһֱȥ֮, ֮ǡ
ɽɳ, 紵Ůڷͻļ£ɫǱ˴ǣơ
±Ԫ߽ӵ, ŷʵ䣬̫ʵĴ, ֻ۰ʵȷⲻεһɲ, ӭŰ쵵չգ´Ź̵ᡣ
ʧõһ˲, ﵹӳɳ, ԺȴȻȥ궬ĳͷ
ռеĳ, ·컨֦, ̽ϻ, ңңһ, ʱΪĳȴԭǸطꡣ
ԷŬۣýδʧ˫Ŀǧʻɫ, ʻ
ҪȥĶ¶ſعͷʡ
Ԫ޲ع갡
û𣿡
Һ߾ڴˣ˭˸
˻һԼԪ߷ľ㵱ɱ߶ӣ߿ɻǿս
ԪһЦλվãҽλ͸, ʶ࣬ԵҴǽãҪսҲõʹţһȫˣǲǵˡ
һ٣ȫˡ¸мر˱ۡ
ǳǱأ
ĺӻ߾տڴˣԻ߶ͷȥ˵࡯
Ѿ˿ڣֻл˲˵࣬Ȼֻʣһ࣬ôһҹ׷ʲô㲻ҪˣҪԸʲô
ߴˮݣ˺£ģٵλȻԸԼĵܵܵĹʧ
볯Ұĵ߶Ӻ֮ǣȻԸǶ๼Ǵҹ
Լ˲µ±˭ҲܸԪ߶ֻǡ
ɱ²ţ˷ʥ¡
ԪۣǱ˵ˡ
ļƻһǱȫԼˡ
һʱҪ˽²£Ԫߴۿ
ζסҡͷ¡
ǰ·ձĩգֻҪһʲô¡
ºԪһ·ɽˮͣͣص갵죬һߣӱޣһ·ػص˳
ܺ׳Ϣ·˰Ӽ͵˾ǣһ¾Ѫ߶ͷϽǵһ̣һƬ𶯻Ȼ
ףǿͷ­εָڷ෢ס
Ӽһڳһ·Ĺ׵ѪؽҴԸ¼޹Ǹ棬ȴ󲻾ĶԴ߶Ӽֱ̫ĿҴǹĿҴӣ
һ˿ӶԴµĻɣڲ⣺ôĵӣսҲնʹ߶ӽǲֳ
һɵվ˵ۣνǲɵҹڳĿжգҹҹʣһı˭˲棬֮Ȼȥƹţνԣֺδ֮УһΣ֪ܺε裿Ҵֻܺε裿
߶ӼȻǰӭףҪͷ£
߶׼ڴˣʬ˻ߣʬȷǰƹ󣬸ѵҺ첻ɣһָ棬ҺԪ޷죬ɱ֮ǰƶˣ˺Եɣȥ߶ӵҹǺξģ
㡭
ҭ޻˵
һ˿ӵɫ׷ˣֺɱʹţ
Ļߵڰˣ߶ӲȣҵȲʹҪ󶯸ɸΪֹѵҵҪԴ׸˵ͲֻӮҷʹţҪϡɱֵԲֵ˭
ҵҪʣʹǧ࣬便ʤģ
ЦҷʹΪҴƴѪսˣຮ֮شˣҪʤࣿȻʤģ˵黳˱ߣ߾ʱʹһӦͨ뺾ȫԳˣִǼˣ߶δɣԴԼ˺㲻Σ
ˣγ߱߾
ҹҵȴִٳˣؿڵ߾໤߾ҹ±߱߾ţ߱߾äĿҴǿսòСװףˡֱԣҪʵ֮λ޴ˣ
Ҳѿɫ
սȺ壬սʤٷһʡ
Ъ˿˶񣬳֣£߶ʼδһԣ֪Ҵǵֹף߽£
ǰֵ£ԾʱҴǰȨʱֹס
Ħָ
Ƴӵƣվ˳飬ֹס
飡
฽飡
ȸ飡
һ˫۾ͷɴñþûз
Īѹͷһ󷢲಻ԡ
ǹԪڻȻԵأ
պ󣬺򸮣ٽأգůչ͸ů
ϣͷԪߵȣִһһ淭һ泯ſ죺
ԪƾһֻƤӣڳһָ죺Ķô죬š
ߴӻƿȥôҲô
£㽲˭˵ٰϲһ˿磿Ԫһֻ֣ȫǰİ硣
Цת˸ɲɣ˵𣿹ֻҪԼȹ಻࣬ΪʲôҪ
Ԫߣǹõ־ͳôСã
ҹųůŵȥƬ𣿡
ҪƬҲƬ⡣
ѽ㷳ˣüҪԲˣ
ǸԣԪ߳һŬŬ°ͣ۲ܾˡ
ƫͷȥԪŹӶڵϣ۰ͰԪӡ
뿪갰࣬Ԫų˲ٸͷ
ǰЩԪһص갣Ԫŵĵһ۱㾪̾ˣԪ˵ǰԽԽᣬÿմ絽ιʳҪιԭȵķ
ҺԪһһɡ
Ԫ߽ɾһΪժһι
½Ӹ»˲֣ԪһӣժһȥιԪţһ߸ߵĻߡ
ԪŴͷһӣ׼׼ҧסٰꡣ
Լһ꣬׸Ԫһ꣬ʣ޼
Ԫڷʣ˰죬ûҵķݣ
УժһȥιԪߣ̫˳̫죬һǸס
Ԫۼ죬ͷһӣҧٰ껺ͷȥ
Ҳһ㶡
㵱ǡԪҧٰ꺬
һⲻǽӵͦã
Ԫߵͷȥ˽µ죬ûҧסһٰι
֭ˮŽ֮Ĵ࣬ţһԪ㶿ˣȻɴ齣һצԪȥ
Ԫ߱ɿ£֮Ĺ
ۿԪֿɫԪŻСأô˼£
ԪüһͽС¡ˣҹĽʲô
±ԪţԪŵëź͸գ˵Щ
Уֲ̫ǲɽˡ
ԪŵĹצһȡ
һţһߵ𣬾ˣ
Щ콪ºԪһʱ򣬴û˹š
һɵĵԼԤеʲôĬƬ̲ź
Ŷ룬ˣͷǰٽ½Ϣڱ߾ĺʹŽӵگʥֹˡ
±ʹһڱ߾ϺԪ߼Ȼƶ׻ֹ㽫ӻ˹갡
¶֮еϢҲ̫໶ϲ˿̵ľݣرһϢȴ㷲ţ̧һ˿һƤ
گأ۽һȥ
ʥһگ˵˵ؽٽҲý뾩ʥһͬԡ
ҧأ۾
ڳѹƲòֹףȴ֪ĺʹŲó춯ص顣
ܹˣȻۡ
ڵõϢĵһʱ̿±ѾԪֻ죬ö֮оɱģȫ򳤰ǧشźķʱգŸЩ͵Ĺ
˻ۣδء
֮գ֮ʱ
ԪߵһЦ˵֪ˣȥɡ
²Ԫߡ
Ԫְ̧ѹЩ첻˵ˣδȹѵġ
±Ҫ㣬֮ǰǱס
Ԫߵͷȥգգۣ㵱ǳԷǶڳʲҲڳĶ׸ɣ
ҪʲôҪҡҡͷ̧ó֤Ҳð̧ΣվȢңòã


95 
˽ճ׵Ϣ, ȫ¾һһԼˡ
ȷѯʣλӲǴӼ, ҲɻŮǰüĹأ˵ڽա
̧ͷһ, ͷ쵽ˣͻȻ֪ϽҪϲ¸˴ֲ, նֻʣһˡ
һع, Ųմæµ
´ЯļױǰΪԪߴ׼, ڽոպáϾϵŵ, гʣ¸з׼Ͼ׼ڳˣ˵Щֳʱǿ, ֻǹӵĻȴ, ٲҲûϼա
ϽֱϷƵóԪߵĻ
ﶨ, ϽַͷԵ, 뽪ºԪ߿ظ
º߾ıУձػ, ϽǴлǵ®
СŸŮȥԷ齣ϲʡ
, ɫҴ, , һһʮ𡪡
®ϣ
ϲϣ
ʱ
ֻھʱ̲ıһϲ
˶ΪⳡͻĴֹٽԸҹζ࣬ʶ˱١ȴֻо֪ǿ⣬ص갵, ϽȥٽĻˡ
ٽʢӭ֮񣬲ԸίЩϣٽ֮ʱǵķǧ֮ҡ
ƻʱ֣ϲ죬æµ˴յΧ£®ߡ
Ԫһ糺ֱ®ǰձϯ
һϮҷأͷڴĽɫҡΣִϲȣһձϯ߽
ϼ⻪תձϯʰ쵣ŨҵɫǰȴԲʮ֮һޡ
ǰԢƽԪת繲®һֱĿ͵Լϲƫͷȥʲôأ
ڿգۿ㴩ÿ
Ԫһҵ糺죬»ʮֲʵȻõľ浽һȴУױ߹ձϯһ·¶ƮƮġ
ǵ𣿡͸ǰĿϲɫҵ޸𣿡
Ԫߴֻ˵ǣµ޸Ԫˡ
®й֮תϲȹƣȴȽᷢˡ
ʡһºԪߵţ²ķػ
ԡȸ˽ãԡһ糺ȹԪ߽ԡƵĴӴȡþͼᣬʱš
ſϲȣͷһҳҳţ֪˶ãĵѧΣϤ𣺡ϲһҳ
Ÿһ˲һͷԪ֣ԺͻõϸѧĿҵ
¾رͼһô·û
Ҫôϲһҳ
»ͷȥͼᣬڿһҳǡɪ
Բԣ
ǣֻǸպ÷һҳ
ǡԪ߳ͼȥԱҳӭ
´һɴ۾
Ԫ齣ͼַ˷ָǲȻǳף
۾ɵøЩ
Ԫַҳ
¿չȥ
ԪͼᣬЦ˫
üһѣЦʲôѽ
ԪЦͣ
ЦҧˣſȥҪҧ
ԪЦ˱ҪѾͱǿҲС
У½ձϣҪգſߣĿ˸ŵȥʵҾǸϷηﻹ򵥡
Ԫ߻գգۣȥױ֮Ȼ޵ᶯһŪô죿
Ūңˡ
Ԫ΢΢һĦŲѹĴ
ҹѩһƮڰգϴѬڻ
·ϲҡΣϢ֯
ϣŲۣԪ˰۵ıоһϸ£շתߣԼҲһѩڻһ̲ˮ
ֻһڣȴڴ˿֫ٺͬƮƶˡ
⺮ХŰԺ÷ϸ֦Σ
Ҳһ磬ֹסһ󶶲ÿһΣֱ̲סսһָ֣żβ˰̣ľȡ
ҡ䣬²֪βֻܱһЩٶӵһЩҲӵһЩ
˼֮ʣڴһɲһһ̧һۡ
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Ԫһ˫ӿ۽ѯʡ
½ŵԾǻȴͷһ°͡
޽ǿź䣬һƺ𣬴ķһɲֹϢ
Ԫ߽ͷڽ¼ѣۻһ𵴡
Ƥ쾪
ܵĽӲԪ̧ͷȥǼϸס˫ۣɤڣӦˣһŻ
ɲӯļʹͣһΣʳԣҾ
á
ѩŴݻһеϯ
Ҫ˴ѪӵŨȵС
ҹѩͣЪš
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Ŀδüӯˮĵѩ޳ľǣ
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ͥԺº貽ĴҴһűٽʹ˴ţʹѵ
ӵˡԪߺؽӹš
֪Դν³ߣҲҡ߾ȣȻԼں׶ƻʧɲ©ȱ
ĻǰδӦϿļƻ
Ļ˽ʥϣµٽֽʲôںʹ뾩֮ǰ˰ͷһЩߵһ´Ÿٽ
Ԫ߲ţһĿʮɨ
ٽе治һһ䣬ô᣿ǶڴֻҪͷְҹߣ
ԪƳƳ߾ʮ꣬꣬ҪǸʲôң
ºһ߸᣺ְֻǺ߾Ҳûٽˡ
ǻ𣿡Ԫ䴽һЦֳһ£Ҳýֳֻˣ߾ͽˡ
ºҡͷ߾ֻǿߣְٽ㲻ٽҲǼ񣬼λԶ
ԪüһҾͷҪиλӣµ
ºͷתΪЦ
ˣ»أԪ߰ڰִˣϽȥұҷ˯


96 .
,Ԫǰߺ뿪,갳һµլȡΪ԰
ԪгŵԺϦķ,ڵ˵¼,ÿææ,æ⡣
Ԫߵִﳤ¡
볤ǰҹСԪСڣмһ֡
Ը,˵ԶϺӶıƽƣӽʼʶǰ̫֮δ´,Ȼͬ޷ٵȥı״
ԪߴǼƻӺ,Ȼıϣʡȥࡣ
ӴŶԪߣٽᣬõʶ
´ԲӣԪ߳ϥ벻˹ŵͭĳҲδ
һЦϧǰٽཻҵٽΪ֪Цɫٽע޴,
Ԫһǣ޴Ҫɱҵܵе
ڶӼӱ˴۵׿˹ʶ
Ӿ֢֮þδ,־Խѣ۰ҹ߽дĸûܹűнӽһһǡ
Ҫɱ˵Ӹǰ
۴˷ûԪϵĴΪԪ빬ҪɱԪҲ⹫ȻΪƽλȣ۶뽫ڵԪ߻档
ӣٽԸ߶Ӷ·½ʿ޹Ѫ˾עһһڰٽұ㾡ڰΪٽ·ƺ󡣡
Ԫۿӣŵ£
ӴһЦ˽һҶӯĿǷΪȡɣٽɰ
ڹҲԸҳٽо֮ܰѵһΪֹһϷӯļƻѡԼðգҳڰ̶ڴģսҳʣеǹƥһһ䣬ҳ壬ڿҳĳϣҳϸзҳûϣûٽˡ
ȻЩʵȴҲǿտڰ׻ԡӳԪȥһϻӣҵӡţٽɼαȷǷӡһ£ٽѽǷŽ֮ˣʳԣ˽ŹҽԻǰ̣ϻҴң߾̤ƽ
ԪߴϻӣƬ̧̺ۣɽ
գʹ
Ρʵеܽ̾ᣬȻԡ
£Ԫһɫۣųվſ˫۽̵Ų顣
ٴվҪ֮һͬĹǰԪߴ˿̾Ȼ롪
֪½լˣ˵Ҫһ䳡˵ҪһԿѩĺͤ˵ҪһƬӻ֣ͦ࣬æù𣿱ǵؼһҲûɡ
Ҳã˵û̫á
ĴԪߵȷϲޱеЦǰһС࣬ɡ
Ԫ߻ع̧ѥһסÿһɱһ֡
۲
ϰʮء֡
һءһ֧㹻͸һ޼еˣʮѣһսҲòϻʵۻǸų
Ԫ߲һףţһζ֮˫ѹۡ
΢μ¡Ԫƽǰ۹
۳Ŀ£ɳƵɤ𣺡֪ǰΪ£
ԡ
ɶߵ߱жۣԭضһ٣Ҫ飬˵˭֮
΢֮
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Ԫ̧΢ʹȡ߶ͷʥ⣬۾ϡ
סԪߣţѹ¡
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ǰšϥ£ʮѡ׼˰ΧȦеԪߡ
ԪߣޱΪз⣬Ҳ޴ΪһŮˣվ̷¸̨ΪһŮˣ޼У޴վ⣬ˣ֪ʹ飬θ룿
Ԫ߸ֵͷԭº
վڰΧȦ⣬ƽ˾̬ۣơ
ʮ뷢һ˲ҡ
һڡֺһۻȻ̧ס
ʧһ˲ֻϣһѳһᵶȻ˺棬΢ͱȥʡ
һڴæεΧϣ۱Ųֻȥ
һ˲Ԫ䣬ɱˣٶһᵶơ
̻ų⺰ˡˡݡ
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ͫһ۴µ˫ֲž㡢޵Ķӡ
Ԫִ˫ᵶһĨѪߡ
ߺҹӵĶԻ
ʶޣ޷ȫȻƻʹΨһ˱֮͡ʱ֤İȫٽ֮ǣڶܿڵرһӵʱ䣬ֻҪٽһɱڵұٽѿǣºҲȫ򸮺ͺȫ
˵˵ģһҪȥ
ٽ˵
ںʹõء֪ɣַ֮ǰ˶ߣҽͼֽ£ҽʣµģһӣ㹻ˡ

Ѫưãɱڵȷɽһһ̵Ѫ顣
һһɱĽӦѪѵڵϵʬԽԽ࣬ԽԽ޴ţϵĹٲȻһǽ׳
ԪһѪ͸˵ѪҲԼģսȴԳڴ
ѪĵζԪ߻̧һѪһ˫ӳѪɫ۽ס׻ۼˡ
ָ۽ֱߵĺᵶ
һӺ󣬻ʹ𣬽ڵΧ£
֮ϣĿζסڵĴš
ų֮ʬأѪע
Եŵһյһӵͷ­߸߾
˾˶Ҳ˷
ġڵǰͷ뻮һض׼ıӰ
ۿǰԪһ޶ƣۣƣһѹ
뷢Ŷֱֱ¡
ʮ꣬ڻʹڵɱ˳λǻ꣬ΪԪꡣ
ʷأԪߣ֮ڶʹ֮ӣʮ߾ʮʾ˱ɣսʤֱ֮ͥձ꣬Դ˳ս֮ʮƽӶң⸴ڣ۳ʮɱӣڼ֮Ķ䡣


97 ֡
Ԫ, µ۵ǻ´Ҫ
һԪ֮߱
ɷ, ıߵնＰ, 丸ӵ, ĸŮ檡ֵáＰʲơլû, 䲮常ֵ֮ӵǧ
ͥ˶ϡδʮֻ֮ĸһ, 볤򸮡ڼҶһͬ۴Чȡδвıߣ߾ǣ죬վפغ
, µ۾ʹߺֹһ£ߴǢ̸
µ۷ȵǰ, Իݻ֮óߴٺ͡
ʹʧӣȴ׻߶ӣ޿׷ǣ֮ѸߣΪ̣ߴӴ
ߴӱ׽ѧϰԭԴٱ֮⣬Ըܴµۺ飬ǩ˴ɹӮ
ߺһʼķ粨, ʽĻ
һг䶨, аλڼ˴ڸ걳ģ֮Ůȡƽ¼䳼νҲ䣬Ҳ䡣
ۼԪߣ䲻֪·վ࣬ȴµԪߴй볤ʵΪŸ磬ν߱ǲ֮ɱ޲Ϊ̾Ϣ
Ԫ£ӯϳţ֮Դ˳ӺµӦʡ
³갣԰
վͥԺŸæµŵģһϤף¶˰ĵЦ⡣
µ۲鳭Լ򸮶ֻ˸ӣʵѽ͵˺·ϣǱۼҶ򲢷ţ㶼ǲɢˣ˱ĸ㶼תƵ԰
´ŮһԶǨ¾ӵԽ鷿ڴ߲Щͬš
һǾ˸ţ˸վƽ˵һжãֻ񲻿֧ĸ֮λѾ룬ƹأλʶӭȢޣ˸Ρ
ҲãһԾ˵ҪеĸΪ޿ޣΪ޶Ծ˸;Ҳᱻ˿ᡣ
Ц˵ǵҵˣԽȫū澿ڻѺүʱעԷƷУĪٲϺ󳾱á
ΪȻص˵ͷ¾˸ţȥڶѩţһ濴һ뾪˵ѩఢ˵ֳȥ֮ҲУڳһҽݣﱸҽѾɡ
Դг֮ǵˡ
գգۣѩఢ˰ɡ
ɣŮҲһҪˡ
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շµļأˣҲܺãδˣԼϲҲܺá˵ţ£ѩţȥ𱦼εš
ΰһԼ࣬˵ȵһҲˡⳤסû˼ҲȤúܣǲɢˣɢɢġ
ЦŶǧﶼ˱ΰ梴̵
һεġ
˵ԴȥɢҲգһλŵŮˡ¶ŸݴȤ˵ʲôأҼҲƿɻûɢĶĶǻͷ㣬ڳĲҵҲͽˣð²ҵ
ݵͷӦ¡
¼ţֿ˵Ȼָոһһ߾Ӣ
Ŷϵķ˻૵֮ȥǣǺȱϲưɡ
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ķ˵ǲͬ£ȴһͬ㣬һҲԪߡ
ⲻᣬǲԸģԼ²֪࣬ƽ
Ԫ˵Լļƻ²µΪԪߵսԪһҲˣӱ޵Ľų̣·ϵ
ʱԪȥδһһ䣬ʵŸ˹ȥڣӦܵõİ
ĺ
һ̾ͼ밲οο˰̡
ţһһֻϻȡһż㡣
յԪ߱ƽţõĲԪߵıʼԪԼıʼֻдһ仰
İϻ顣
̧ۣŴԺõӻѩѣͥԺƮ㡣
ˣʲôʱأ
ƵسţǰһӰʸƿգһ˲һ죬ľ֡
ѩױһ䣬쪣ꡣ
»ֱ㶿ϤһĻҲͬ˿ļ
żֽӰɣӴǰվһһ˳ȥ
ͥԺһµٷɣĵһۣĳ𴽽ǣſ˫ۡ
գ˵ÿ
㴩ң
һ˲ӯ񱼶ȥȹײ
ԪսֱӵסۣĦڸʵˣԺһ˵Ԫˡ
½ʻ½˰ĵϢ۾һ˵Ԫˡ
ӵȻһŲ𣬹걧һֻľϻ˽үģ֪᲻ʥϸǨ񡣡
һͬ
Ԫһ˫ΣյҧֵҺûɣ
һҭһ£˵Ļͷʹ꣺ʲôѽ
ۿ罺رţһһҲϷֿʥϵﵽ˶ûв˼ǰǴϻǡ
һֻڽƵӳ֮ۼ״䣬ǡסס
ⲻǸģǸԪߵġ
Ԫ߾ӰʾԪ߿ԻһĽ
Ӳ֪Ԫ߾бһߵݡ
µÿһ߾ʿеķ䡰ٽ
¸뵽ͷԪһգ˻ȥʮ̲ŸЪһ죬ûе
˵һѴᱧ¡
һ§סĲһ·ȱųԷȥʲôȥ
ԪߵͷŻһЦĿȥ


98 ֡
´ҹ, 뵵ԡһβʪܵ㣬ԡ, ıᱧ
Ԫߴ, ϳδ, ûͷ, èƵзۣźͦ
һ·Էϴ, ﻹûɢȥζӣɤӱԹζ
ҵģԪüһһԿۣҪٺú롣
˳Ŀ⿴ϵģʪδɵ
ԴӶԪ߹, ÿһӣŮ֮, ˷˼һ£̣ӣ̣ˣôϴЩ
̧Ҳ㡣
ԪϥأЦȥʪ˴ͷŲɣ£, ԼƵڷ
Ų, һһ˫Ⱦֹסϸϸ
һλᵶݺɳĽڼңʮ˰޴ʩӵ齾ս
³ĶĶ壬ͷҪ㻹ǻؾӪȥɡ
Ԫϵϵţ
Ҿ½رҲڵġ
ߺͱ߶սˣĶʲô飬Ա˳ŵ˵ϻˡ
ûоӲҲҪ𣿡
أ
ͷȥɣҪˡԼھеʤҰ߸֮ء
ԪЦüӵ˵ͷȥģ
Ҫŵѽ
СڣҶסԼһ㣿
¿˿ڵˮһһס㣬һɼ
յƲý䡣
һ㶡
ʲôˣ
»ͷԵػţһһ´ֱӡ
գ갳ҷ԰
գȾ֣ĹºԪһطĹǰִʽʯ̡Ԫߡһһڡ
Ⱥǰ㣬ݼ
ʵԪ߽һ֮󣬱뵱ΪԪǨأǨǴ£ིȻԪԼ°޽ɣֳϻ˼ĸţʱڵӡ
ǰο̣ڷ絲Ĺµǰٴθֳʵֹ·ء
ҺӢղǻɽԹء
ֻõ΢ʦԺϧǼ΢ʦ˵ǸǰھĽԪߵͣʮꡣ
䶨֮ǰһֱԥҪҪԪ߻࣬΢ʦֲ
¹ң¶ĽǷ
벻Ԫ߳Ĭã˵ĵһ仰ȴǣϧ΢ʦûоֳ
ǰ̫Ҳʹŵ΢ʦȿɿΪβܸı˵ˣ
ŵ˵˭𣬷˭
²ףԪҶӵȥ΢ʦԤ޹ءڼ΢ʦ
»̲ס룬Ԫߵܻ˭ǸҲӵһµĿܡ
ԪߵļпҪѽҸǰҫ˵٣Ҷôãøҵܽһֳ˵˭Ӯˣ
Ԫ߲Ŀίҽˡ
ôίأѩఢ梿϶վһߣѩఢ械˵һҿԣһ°ͣӮˣҡ
ôһ㣬ҵλ͵ıֳˣһֳͷһԪ߱ۿǰĹһ
˴ӷ԰һ·̤سǡ
ԪǣŽյĴҰȻʣ˵ֳҪ֪ôһ߱ı᲻ˣ
ҲҲٷĹԪüǷǹκ˵֮塣
أ»֣ƫͷҲ£ź𣿡
һҰ˰ٻ𣿡ԪЦŻؿ
òʣò񡪡
˲֪֪ʤǧǧˡ
ЦǰȥԶ̿ϴɽЦҰŽأǴ;ķĺù⾰
˵ս
սһ˵Ԫߡ
ǡ
꣬ɳ߾ʧ
ʮһϣ꣬һѩǰܣ֮
Ǳ߹ظ漱֮ʱһĽճ߾ӭУս߱ʮһսĺ
ɷ߶ٱٹʧһսڽڰˡ
߾ʤ׷ս֮һ·ңɱͥ
ɶʮ֮ʿȫû֣֮ȴ߾Ҳδһۡ
ྪ̾ڱ֮ھλѵһ֮꽫š
Žʮ߾Ϊ߾жʮȴδĿʾˣֻ֪š񡱣֪
֮̽£˾λ߽ԪѹΡԿƣһʱ˵硡
꣬˷֪ԪдһܣΪ΢ʦ˫ӻԤһ䰵ü⡣
ٳ𶯣̾Ųûڳ಻Ϊ޻Ԥۣȥºպս޾پȺˮ𣬹۾֮֮ƾ߾Ըҳִ⡣
ƾعкǰ԰ӯԪƾΪ棬ǰԵ
ϻ䣬ƾüĿﲽ
˲ֻȥ߼֮ۡϡ԰֣ź֪
⣬ǵǣƾǣӯƾ
ꡪ
