ɽײҡߣ
İ
ģ˳Ŷ裬ģģģҪǰʮˣ˻һһҲʮ¶ѣŮҲӣVǰ˲Щĥϣļճ磬ȫĸûûĻ
׵ڶգO̱ڴϺ˯δѣ̽ɹɽԶϱ֮Σһȥꡣ
ԴǰȾ컨ܽʶǹɽϲҲϴȥһױǰؿշˡø
룬ǰҲǳصģɽǰŲŸճţŰʰֱӴ˧Ŀ
ڼ䣬ÿ¼һ⣬⣬κϵ
һãԼΪ˸ʵ
ֱĳһշ޶ڰһһżȻ
ǵͦӰЩ죬ֱǵӰĿһ̧ʱź֪ӦŶԭǰ޵λԶȥϱ֮εƷؾְˡ
ݱǩ ͢ ж ֮ 
ؼ֣ǣO  ǣ  
һ仰飺ɽҶģ
⣺ѧᰮԼѧᰮ
VIPǿƽ£ݸ߹òȴಡȾ컨Ȭ޸˾µĵһӹɽû뵽׵ڶɽֱԶ߽ȥˣôҽΪ˲ٷ顣£ؾְĻıڶгȤ¼ܰŮûûĻһʺ·ļճ£


1 
ǧ䶌бһ֦֦׺ϼ
罿죬֦ƴڡ
֮زز仪
һ괺ɫ
ĺ֮ʣïʢȺҷɣ԰½½һشطɫǣֵһʢ֮ʡ
µףٰһһȵһ磬򰲲еһ԰˾һʶ˰գֻǰͥУˮϤȨ֮ҵŮǶˣ׷ҪһĿðͥԺǵĨҫ۽δɫ
˵һȴ֪Ҫ͵԰ͷĨʢĻܣҪһ֧Եʲôһ
имƽϡ
Թžиᣬ޷ǸȨȨǽύϵʶǴĻʵﰵ࿴ǵʢᣬҷ׷ղ
գⳡһעҪΪδ£ٹǺԺͷΪΪĻˣֻ˵ò¶İOվѵһϯһʢ硣
˵ˣŻмҵ˵ںǰʱԶԶƼ˿ֽʻǿŵСͯˣŵĨƵܽͨȥˣȷϵ١
˵ⰻȻ칫ģһɨյϺɪֻϱˮӳε˻ԶӭϢѽȾһķҷƢ
ỹûʼһ̵ĽӰǴƬƬĵ۹ɫشУ˱Ȼ
˾һͻġ
ģһתܿȫӵ˹
Ŷ⼸ǳ˹Ĺ磬һƲۣôشݹأ
Ʒν֮ŮлȻҡŹ̤Ц
⻰һ˲˵Ŀ⡣
ԵΣ
һԲԸӺˡ
лȻԣ룬һô˵ɾͻˣһƱǸǵİա
лȻɨ˶Էһ̧ۣ°ͣƬ̼ô˵ɣŮȦΪôһϮֻֽǱضǰòഫʶʹþֽЩӳͥУæµǱضЩƹѺ˱̽׼˰һϲãʶø·ŹŮģ£ȻУǽͷĺӵżòˣǱضΪɻ˸ˣʶʹһ׷Ŷ׹ŵģǰ߹ݻĻõģضõģ۵ĸ͵ĸˣضķᣬϵıˡ
лȻ̸ţһֱԲŮ˫۵ɴһթࡣ

ȻȴʱȻһתԱ֪߷׷Ц
лȻҲݸһЦⳡ񻰵ȴǰ˵ǰǰȾ컨žһȳʼڼˣл˸·ÿͣҲ˵ǰ²˳޸ҫ۵λǳɻĵڶ˱ԶΣһȥ꣬ʹðؿշˣǰǸ֮ˣŮȦͷ˭˲֪˭˲ʧòǰڻ˸ôĸͷλʾˣ˵ؿշ࣬Ǵ䣬ϲŭ޳Ǻ꽥ǰˣЩո¹ԭҲпԭ
лȻüӵ˵š
佫ţʵްᣬζԡ
ֻǶԲСʱԲʱֱлȻԴżͷһӣֽһֱһĸп뵱꣬⣬һ¶棬һȷѪⲻˣһеˡ
䣬Ǻϵͤһ󶯾࿴ֻհĳϱҲǽⳡһĲٰϺһȺ˴Ҵͤӣλˡ
лȻһʱѹ˺ѣֻüЦֱԶһ
һ·ƺƵӭȥ
˼״׷׽˸ɫ漴׷˳ȥ˳Զ࿴ȥ
һ԰Ӵӵޡïѹķɫֻ԰ɫһĨӰǷɫһҶȴַģһشطɫܺһɫķ϶ֱ֣һΣʮӵѾɢԶóһ˲żһĨ˫ұӰȻС
ֻһϮɫۣ½Ӳһ·䣬һ·棬ͬĹҲЩ봹棬ۿȴκη֮ΣֻϵһĨƿͬɫĻĹ£еĨϸӯӯһգֻûѱĨƮƮ˸εŲˡ
ּɫ̵ü籰׵ֽ⹴յһỊ̃һỊ̃ĵţɫһڴԵùؾˣ԰ɫӵĻУĨԭΪ׺ɫ漣سΪԺͷΪҫ۵ɫһԾϣΪĳΪɫƵģ԰ɫΪģʧɫ
˶Ϊ¶棬ⱦˣƱҪһѩǰܣҷһɨķ飬ȴûϵ˷˵͵Ȼĵ͵һΧУĪеһЩƵġ
ֻһüЦĨɫ˺˵Żİ˴ˡ
Ű֣һỶϲ˵š
һ̧䣬ֻŮӵĽٰͷһᣬв
͸˿˿
ϣЯֻת԰
תһ˲䣬ڵһ԰ַ·һӾֹˡ
еһʧˡ
ټ԰̼侲ֹˡ
ͶɽŮա
ʱڳвĪϮഫͶɽŮ壬ɽŮûɢ١
ڼǰɽѧӸԣڴ˰ļĿ˰ݣʱʧɫæŰֿͷݻᣬֱšŮŮһٸС֮ĳۡ
ϤѧɽһĨɽɾ֮أѰٵŮ壬ҵԿ̽Ůݣ֪ݾŮһģһ밲Ů·һʱĴԹ̾
һϮ̻۵İǰ¶棬ֻǧ˿󣬲һ֧ǧ˿һɫ˿סһ·δþ͸ոԼм¶Ƶġ
ֻӺŲ͸žʩ죬ȻޱȻ봺죬֬ᱡȻ񣬵ÿͷ˿ǡô÷ⷢƵģһƻӣĲУüۣǣ촽Ϸ·һ㱡㱣ú΢١
ϻʱɫһĸ߹䣬һ˫Եһۣβ٬䵭Ҳ͸ŹЦЦƵģǳɢ˼ưС
ӺŲʱֻ˾ԭأ˷Ӧ
˾ִٲԭأҲΪ棬òȻģһʱЦЦ˵λǣˣա
⻰һһɫһ٣뻺Ƶģ빧Ĳΰݼ
ȻٴγŰȥʱ߽ˣſݰ𪣬ҫ£׵ü͸ּʢˣϿżκ֮֬ɫϷõɫ˼䵭һһԼ棬滨Ȼϸϸȥʱ˺Ȼɴ˫ۣ滨ûģǽĵһ׺˶ǰüҴһȥֻÿΪʢһƵġ
˽òٶ˿ԭء
УԷǸԲŮĿΪţֻŴֱͣ㶵ؽ˶࿴ţУ˻֮ʣֻԲŮָ֧֧Ű͵͵֮һ¿ڵǸǸϵĶȥˣ
ԲŮŤͷлȻһš
ѹˣڰǿ£һƬžĨȻ˵Ķ
һ䣬ֻлȻɫۿɼٶһͺ죬৵һӷ
л˵
ժ԰ٶȣ
ÿ11ǰԡ
ǰ2ԣ䣡
µĹ£ϣϲлл


2 

˵лȻһʱһʱ׵ģݺݵصԲŮһۣû޲ɼϲ̨С
৵һ£ʮĿˢˢĳлȻͶ
лȻ˲ʸ֮ġ
ϵ£ҫۣĿ˸ҳײֺҪڼǰлȻоһ׼˵ĭӸûˡ
Ҳʹǰ׼˺գΪӰӵĶһ֮˾Զ󽢶ӳ˺һȥ꣬ͬӤ޼߹֪ιҲһУ߸ϵİ޵˧˼Һ󣬷·ӣ˱ھؿշġøּ֮۰̫սĿɽԶȥǸ߸ϵİ̳˼䣬մôЩ˿˿
лȻ˵ףɵֵ߯ˣ˺޲˵ʹ˼Ұ˧պգʱǿǿһܴ绢°빦Чɽ±õӡ
ȻʹˣȻлȻ˵ܹġ
лȻЩ£Ҫ͸һȻʱһ΢Ŀ·λɨȴѹĿֵֺͣƿˣ·ֵһᡣ
ĿģĮģ΢һӴʹлȻ˫ۣлȻһʱŲӣҧأͲͷ
ʱһǳ֣
һ˲˵ߣֻԲȴǰһлȻǸԲŮһۣ֣ڿǰ˷ǰղĹˡ
˵գǰ˴ԲŮԴ漴һԲŮߵ˰ǰЩεǰŸոջؾѾͷΣ˵ģߵ޷첻֪أؾĸ׾ѧ¹أĸױֵòˣⲻˣ̵ˣײ˿¡
ЩյĳŰţЩΣΪάϲ֮⡣
һ䣬΢΢ԲѾͷѵ񡣡
Ѿͷ֣٤ͷԹߵǰؾһ٤ްݼ
Ŀһ̧ټʱɫһֻؿŰΣֻҧŴ̲סŰһݣͰ͵Ĳһ䣺ӿ
¶ľٶ˷Ц
ϸ˸ǿЦá
¿һۣĿԲԲͣƬ̣Ҳ֮΢΢˹
ԸòɣߵĶ޲˾ޣЩ㵹ĿټŶȨƵʸ
ǰŮ峺κʵ΢ȡ
֮ˣ˽֮
á
һһɨ
Ů»⣬ܿȡһ˱̴ױǰ֣٤޵ӣ˿ļ񡣡
˵ţ½ױд򿪣Ȼֻͷһöʰ쵵ӣȷ˵һöɫ졢̡ɫɫΪףӨ͸ºͣһƱֵ֪ơ
䣬˵ȶɫ漸亱ν챦һ
˷һ¶棬ڳ
Ƶõɴ˫ۣ۷׷
½˵ɫɫģֻɫư̫뿤񣬹֮ＫϵҼҿİ֮ҼҿͶԵֻ£ƴǣ
˵ţ͵֣٤޸ǰ
Щƽеȴ˲һ˵Ŀࡣ
̫ʹ֮أ˵ͱͣ۶գģ͵Ļһɡһ֮Ե֮ˣδҲҲֱ̫˰ա
ֵ䴫ţ£Ǻʹֻܹͣδй
ϤΪΪޣ۵˻޼ˣˣƾϲãȫƾ顣
һȻ鴫
Ʃ͸񣬾׿
һʱ˷ۺ졣
֣٤Ȼһ´ԭأЩ޴롣
һԵҲЩȵĳŰڹأ٤ܵ𡣡
˵꣬ȴĵĿһۣɫ޷ȨСǰ档
ɢ˵ţȴ·Щּ෴۵ϣ˿ΥͣǳеɢԽ߹ݣһ䣬漴Խˣĵĳ԰ͷͤ򻺻ȥ
ͷβûжлȻһۣǸڵ͸ˡ
ϵ˽ⰲӣ״ֻ֣٤޵ǿ͸ģš
˵ţ˺һæ׷Űͤȥ
˵һߣԭŵһӾиʮһʼ
˼֣٤޴ֻӰֵıţζӹĽ˵ֻӣ˵ֻǰʮʱ̫͸ǰ֮û뵽͸㣬ø
˵ԭ㾹֣ҵѽ
һΧ֣٤޼е۲ѣĽҪһǰ֮ķɡ
Ҳ͵͵ۿմѣΣ鲻Խĸ̾ԭɫޱˡ
һСӴӵһߴߴš
ſ̸лȻ˽·ΪСһᡣ
ʱС䱦ղ֣٤޻ɳ˵ơ
˵ţĿһ̧ɨһȦձֱĿ䵽˽лȻϣֱֻ㶵ߣѹûӣҪ˵˵ҽӰܻŮˣ
֣٤˵š
һ䣬æֵܻȥŵױȥˡ
֣٤һߣҲɢȥˡ
лȻԭأС
û뵽Ӿ֣ӣûϵʱգߵĶǰȻӵ
Ѵ̳ϵô
ǳ컨Ϊûһغһ˰˸ɾΪûӣһ׻գ
Ӷˣ߹Ҳˣɽ꣬ƾʲôȻܸǰ߸ϲһ
ô֪߳ôƤô
ʱգö֮ǰε
лȻ޵
һʱ˫߬ȭͷ
ã͵̧ۣѾ΢΢ҧأڹĶȥأˣûDأ
һʱлȻȥѰ𵤕Dҩȥˡ


3 
ĺ֮ʣ̳شŽأԾ
á
ͤڡ
죬ŮһӦߣϣһʯ裬ˮʤգԳһһ˰ʯʺȡĺƤӵʯϣͷֱһһǰͤİƣһ˾һޣˡ
˵ţ㱧һһ˽
һһ֧֧üӼˣƿС
ǰ׵ϰߣÿ£ȡһһؿ
ڴأʱһߡ
ǹŮȦٶ֪ϰߡ
һֱһּ˺ǱƽϪȡϪˮź֡
һŪȡһСƿ֧һڷʯϹͣѾĬĬ¡
Ļ棬ÿһأҪĿһء
˹ضֽ࣬ױһŵϰߣʱ̫ҽ˷ֲͷʳʶߵĶϰԱʳߡһӦϰߡ
ų󣬹ض࣬ʵǶɵϰߡ
öˣҲֲ֡
ʵҵˣһ綼ĸԲٰ죬һѰ磬ԭ£ΨֲʤΣյĻҲŰĴ룬ĵֻҪⳡƱǲڻµģƣˡ
俴Ž԰ʢ˵š
˵Ĳǳ滰Ļ
ʱЩ岻Գɻ㽥ˣӼڹ̫ÿҲΨдżҲࡣ
غĴţоз
ԭΪԸ¶棬ӷһ͹ȥձˡ
־ϲ
ͬʱЩԺڣ⼸국ϵ
ĽɻԲٰͷһᣬвĵ
Թ˹˵ţ˶٣̧һȦֵοȷʵò߶ˡ
뷽ŶԴ˵ĲͬദʱȻɢȴ˼иЦ⡣
һǰ
ϸϸȥһµİжյⱦһ͸ڵӣǰȣȴյļ˼ұԽþġ
һλһԣŮ派һԾѱ˰ա
ǰװ׷ָ꣬˷֮ˣֱˡ
һλҲǺݵ
һλҪһ⣬ߴ˸ת룬ֺܿΪˣˣ٤Ѿͷ
һ𣬲֪ʲôԺкէ֣ŶˣҼǵСʱ򵽺ʱһӼ㣬ŴŴĺŰҪһıȲ֣޲ùأˣԭŮ޾С٤ް
ԭ֣٤˰һ飬䲻ʱһ磬ȻȻ˹һʱ̿ЦһǵõϲСԲˣǵý˲ſϰݣһޣЦˣС٤޻ϲ㡣
ЦŻ¡
ԣȴȡһ֧һаţĩˣһڱǼᣬĵĽһƿУָŪţȴŶ¶ôǵˡ
ȴţǵô޹ʸ٤ޱһݺصļ
ԭԵʡ
ϾڰĿǿϸģķҲƣһʱ𷽲лӣɵҡͷĴɢĸഫŵٲлӵĹͣ
˶٣ֵ⼸ллӸDߵüĪʲôʱѵлӣŵ˻ģ
ϲɫŰ
ȴǰƤ̧һ£·⣬ģֻĵл ĸлңʵ۾˾˱˵Ǹлң
ϱϮʵƿԣΣ̲סҡͷЦ
⻰лӵĶһ׼ˡ
ּʱ꣬ǰ㡰ࡱֻúЦο
ȻλϡĪĹŮЩԻ벻Ķġ
һʱ
룬ʱȴһ裬͵ϸǰ̧ۿһۣ䲻һڻ裬쿪ڵĽβʱȣɫҪˡ
ɫһ̶ϸֳһĨЦ
ӣլɭɭʹ⣬ȴҲֻܿӦլ֪ϵĲ
žԼ뵱ԼȥԶ
һһ𳤴ĹŮУƺ¶Ϊ˳߹͵Dʮˣȴδ䶨ģȴҲྶͥ
ѳɻ飬ȴȻŮ֪ࡣ

ֱֱͦıƬ̵ɶ
һʱס˴ǣ죬ãβڹʱ˶ӣ㽻̸ڴҪڣ˵һ룬ȴڴʱһ󼤰԰ֵԽˮСϪԶ
ȻͰͬʱ۳Ŷ԰ȥ
һСϪһ԰롣
һ뻨ïʢΪ֮
һ뻨ϡ裬ݵط֣ٳһС͵ϳ򳡣ɾϷ档
ǴӶ԰ġ
һˮСϪ˵˵ԶԶ
԰Ǳ̴мһ֣ӻܵļ϶Ƽ԰˱ͤµĲݵϴ˼УͶţŵһӦ˵ĿʮλڳԾԾԣ¡
ʱ֪ʲôˣһӽɢڳظȫȥȫӵһţݻᣬ·ʲô㡣
԰Ļ治ô˰࿴۷׷ס
֣
˵Ǵˡ
쿴Ͽʼˡ
԰Ϻܿư¶Ρ
Ϫߣפ
ⳡĲٰߣһʱ۳Ŷ԰̽ѰãΣ˻ǰȥ鿴Ǳɷٳ֣ҲģֻԭδջߣЦǴˡ
˶٣ֵӦϱĳز󣬴²ٰ첻һϵıСصڲͷϣ֪µĲͷǺ
ͬţȴֵĲͷ󲻹Щʯģûġ
Щ
Ƶýֵ
ϣܹö֮λģҲͰһˡ
԰¿ʼвԾԾԽţҪȥϱҲ밲һͬǰȥ룬ڣȴŵһԶĴһʢ˵ߣҵĸˣϡͰⲻŮôú칬ţô·ˣ


4 
ͱˣֻĵСеһ𣬼̧֪ǵDֻͺͷСˡ
D񣬷࣬ԣڰϲˡͺͷССߡСͺСһɰдʵ䡣
һ̧ۣȻֻ̺ĵDֻзƵĺֱײĳͤڶ
ֻһϮɫԽȹȹ׺Űɫϸ߽ƣϴһɫϹһֻ߲׺ңִһɫȣͷϲһϹ۵ķͷΣڶǰĲõıϸңֻһ֮ɫȫһˡ
ԭɢɢµİDĵ˲Ƶģֻ΢΢ŴѵýʯϵֱֻȤؿŶԷԶ
ϴӰ￴һ˿ζ
˵D̫̫Ǽðһϸϸܵı
ͤһ̤ĿһɨǰЦеĳСͺССȣþò
ʮѺõͬк
ЦӭDЩȣһ裬ſ򣬰ſ˫ֲϣ˶Կ֮ˣʶؿ·ҷ֮ʣȻĿһ̧䵽˰ʱDɫʱһ㶡
Ǳԭء
ۺʱԶҪһθ˾ޡ
֪հҪDӴǰ±㿪ʼϳԴͷΣΪıղԷѹ̫ңʹԼϲͷȫᵽˣȻհһȴĵƵġ
ؼǣһطİһ¸߶ȡ
Dؿš
·ڶԷòУЩ
Ƭ̺󣬷ӦΪԼԷƻš
Ⱳ˾Oˡ
ǰڷʱߵĶȺĽ㣬µĶ󣬿Դǰ˵۱Ҳͣˡ
ȫϹäģȫֻ꾫ƻסˡ
õDܹ
ץȭͷĴӰòıѹֺ֪ŵĳƺʱDˣһʱָֻŰ߲ѵҾ㣬ĪҪԲѷͷôˣѻؽѰ˹żطձһͷںڷͷģ㣬ͷͷֱͷôǺ꾫תΣʹԻˣǸôߣԻˣȴΨԻǸ磬ıӦ
DܻĳŰһٷţĩˣɨ˰һۣһζߣϺõһ磬㾹ɥɥƵģôţ˼ҵǮƶôҲ¶ðǮŶˣǸ׵ڶձ㱻ŵͣˣ²˼лôøأȻǲЩǮˡ
˵DȰȰȣС;͸ĵСһ֪ͣƴŰһ䳰ȷ˵˵ţ̧˸Լǰ鷢ָĽһ鷢˶¶һҫ۵ĺ챦ʯ«׹ʮۡ
DðǾ䡰ɥƵġʱһ£ǡڻ޹ǣô
⵽ɦŪˡľٶ󣬲ЦҡҡͷֻЩβ̿ĿĶκ£
⻰һ䣬ֻD˲һѺʯϣϵ԰ڵĽ㣬ƣǺع͸ҵģعԺ챦ʯ׹ӣһģһأعһԼţһ͸ңһһء
һ˵ţһߵβƵƵ˶İ
Ϲȵ߹ģ߹ôֱʡֵ߹Խ׺ˡ
DʱһɨŵĲ죬תΪϲֻ¸߰ɲǣ˵ϹĹƷأع˵ˣȫ¾ԣҲѰһˣع˵ˣױϰðһģһĶһȫҵˣĳЩѵˣӵУߣ
DԽ˵Խ⣬ﻰ͸Źɵ԰ڡ
͸ʱʲôȤҪȲܵͷɪƵġ
ҫУ̲סһ˿˿׾ӵԽС
˵ţ߰βɨҪͼϲһ˿įʧ⡣
ȴǰϲζţֻЦЦһڲ裬ĵľСҨһСһ봽ߣϸϸƷһ΢̵Ŀ˵Dһۣ߹ͬð
˵ʲô΢΢һôǵôЩһֱ߹һ򲻰ʯΨ觵ĴŰ˵Ĵ㲻ģܲ߹ϲʯ˵İգڣӦڡ
־ҡͷ˵š
һ䣬ȴǵDವһֻСһޱĶŰֻҧгݵҪſڴƻƣ
ҧҧñĳһ䣺عϲԼһԣ
Ҳû룬ƮƮһ䣺˵ת͸ŮأŶˣǸѵŮͼʯ
⻰صùȻ˳ڵDضûУֻı˲ϡ
Ϊ˽عˣڵڶλû˸һλţˡ
ƮƮһ仰ȴ˲õDһӶסƵģҲ仰
ѿ
С
ããֻǵDȦû˿׵ĳŰһɤӵǼңʺعҺˣ
D䲻Ű໺š
һͨͻĽкöİЩ¡
ֻ˫΢ǵDһۣΣĵðգȷʵ㣬عˡ
˳ŵDĻʾˡ
û뵽浤Dǵûκʤ֮ˣವһ½ת˹ȥƴͷһš
ãڽеȫ˻ȥ
ȵƽžöأһʱ½ţúƤת˻ȥȴ϶ͬʱͷĬĬŲ衣
˷׷״Ŀ裬Ĭ
DʱСһֻͣҧǰ˵Ϊʲô˵
˶٣ɫѿǲȡЦң
⻰һͬ϶˸æͬʱеĲյ˶һۡ
ȿڵǸĽ㷽˵ͬӲʵ⣬Ǹҵһͷȥֻÿͬüɡ

Це˵˻̸
룬Ÿһ𣬱ǵDһֱӴʯվֻսȭͷҧгݵĿ
ʮ޹̧ۿ
ȴDС֪ʱһͺɫϣҲͺһƬڰ̧ۿʱֻǵDýֻ߬ճֻȭͷֻҧŰã첱Ӵ֣þñסһ㡭㲻Ҫ
һ䣬Dú߳ŭܿˡ
˵Dһߡ
϶ͬʱһ
ܾƵĸ˸ؿڡ
ȴ̿Ŀôˣ㻹ϲŪ
С裬С
˶٣ֻЦСͺȣ޵DʵȤⵤD̫ߴߴˣֲ
̾˿
̾꣬ʱ԰ִһ󶦷֮źΪҿܡ
ͬͬʱƫͷȥ
ԽСϪֻ԰Ⱥ鼤ߣʮּȤ߳ϣȫź
ԽСϪˮԽܴƿ˴ӵӰ
Դ²ȤԶ԰ЩȤҪջĿ⣬ʱֳ̧֮˼ġ
ջصһĿٴԭ·˻ȥ
֪ǲĴֻǵͦӰЩ죬һ̬Ƴֵ鸡Ӱͦء
Ҫ̽Ŀϸʱȴһ΢ӹӵĻ˲ͷס˶Է棬´£˿С
ʱɹȥ԰̽ŮôҴҸϻˣȴ֧֧ػٷˣ԰԰žϱˣ͡͡
Ů֧֧ᣬƲ֪οڡ
һʱۣһʱüֻʵ
Ůһظͬˡ˴һģ˴Ӯ˱ͷͷһŮ
Ů֧֧ģ˵ˡ
ɫһ㶣˰һֺۣܿ쿴԰
ȴЩãȻ
һʱûдӡ˴ˡзӦ
ֻ˳ϵĿ⸴ƫͷŶ԰һۡ
ʱӵ֦ͷָ߸̧ͷǰϰˣԽˮСϪֻ԰ǵǷ˵ӰԽ
ͬʱӦ㣬ԭǵӰವһ£ûκηģƫͷֱλ˹
ԽˮСϪ
Խӵܡ
ԽڶĴ
Խϰֱ׼ȷͶŲ˰ϡ
һ˫İۡ
Ƕѩȥ
Ŀϰңңӵһ
ͬʱŻ߶ŭĵD֪ιʣȥֻһķŵ߱ƣϲֻһһߵ󣬸ֻϲƵģһ·ֻºǸˣķˣķǲˣӮһ澴ˣ

ԣСԼ


5 

˵ƣ̿ϴϱˮӳεǰǱˮĿǼȾһķҷƢ
һ򰵴Ŀŵֻ侮ʯԲѵĿ̽
·궯
԰ϪߣǵӰ˼ԶϪͣ˶԰
һСϪɽڶ԰פ㡣
һɫۼϪ뷣ɫԲ¶һĨǳǳɫ죬ſȫͦκװΣֻһ֮һƷ۹ٷеۼȴֲԾֱɭϣ
һḧĴָϵָǰһֱڶ԰̧עƬ̣漴ڳš
ͳֲԾĹٵţֲʧٵϡ
Ѳ֪䣬ѴǰǸӢˬ̽ٽһλ˳ᢣȳصˡ

һ棬һʱһ԰԰˽ֵѡ
ͬɽĿòòķޣڰһ԰һСϪ˳ʦһ棬һʱʮ汾˿ഫֶ
Ҳһ̣ʱź֪ӦŶԭǰ޵λԶȥϱ֮εƷؾְˡ
û˿׵ģ
һ㳯˸ƣ

ǰ
һǰһͣ
һ棬ͷ̴Ȧ׺ʯΪ˻רǰͷƥͷİɫɫë˳˿ýѪͳ󣬿мƷ
һ棬䲻ںᣬȥ糾֮ͣǰ͵࣬ƥɫѪͬý

ǰһӣӢ˲ǿ׳
ΰݡ
ûκԥɽ²һ·ֱӺԥƯֺ
ǿݡ
ͷββҲûɨһۡ
ǿӵŮӣˡ
űӸæӭλ
ɽƳһۡ
⵽󻹸ŸݹʤɫбŸ
һ㶣˿ֿ˿ǹŤͷݡ
ζܿƽ
ɽΣɫƽüͷȴ£Ƭ̺󣬻̧ķȥ
λ״˰ಽĸ˹ȥ״һӦ˰Ͱһ
һƣɽ
˻ûȥһɵů˱Ƕ
ֻʮֿиӡݳޣĿֻ֮Ź̶ʣŨɫɫУݻһƬ޵̺׺֯ƣ󲻿ԣһ齣һССϰһ͸İ˱ϼȼů㡣
Űɫĺ̺ӣͼǰһλĪŮӣޡ
ĵԷƳһۣ˳һֱӱĿ
۲Ϊ
ɽֱһֱڰһ
ԣŮڹĬصŰλãĩˣȡ˱̺˰ϣٽƿͷƴӳµһ
½һ˹ڻӣ֪ʲôֽһƿ⿴һۡ
⣬ǱŰŮӽԡ
¸ֽ£˹ɽһۣĬĬһּʱɽڵȥա
䲻գ΢΢һ٣ЩڶԷŭƣ׽ͷһͣϰһۣСصǡ
¸ȥʱ⳵ʾǻء
ȻŸһ𣬱ԭĿ˫Ŀˣֱֻ˵
ѹûеڶѡ
򾲺Ƭ̣˷ԣǣ
㣬ֱӳſʻ
羸״ϡ
˵ǰƹֽǣֵ֣·ȺһƬ־
ȴĵģ복γĶԱȡ
꣬޶׶꣬⧲ȣİȣмܵҵκһ˵Ĺա
ɽ˵Ļǵ̫յָ飬̫ΪŮķѡһľ£ʵ֪֮Ƕ˵Ĵٳһλελ
ɽĸ׹˧ػʮ꣬ڱƾʮ򣬵ɽԶ¼ɵԡТ˳̫ʥĲ̡ϡΪɣʮĹɽӱٻ˻ڻʼѧԺϤ
ΪʵΪӡ
ɽսƷѧţһڻӼӵȺԣͣѧҵ似ҲۣϣҲĵһٸ̽νʤĳȺףԽ¼ɵѡ
գڱµĿ£ɽһ׮ȱĻ£˫ȴ޿ɽѡ͸˹ɽ
ϵɫʣϻɽλ᲻
ʶ˵Ľϴһʼʱעιȴο
䣬ɻ֮ǰ֮Ľ̫ࡣ
ɻգ̱ڴϺ˯δʱǹɽѺֱȥˡ
˴ӳ׿ʼ˵ĻһƣϷֱ꣬Ȼ㲻׺
δĴ
ҲǶԷô˼Ե֮һա
䲻ôܹϲŹ֣ܹ̲ʮ꣬ڹУ̫Խ̵£ѧʮ깬ܹزֵõˡ
ߣܹ͹ˣٻĿ
ǳĸܺ͵
ԣҲСС⡣
ǣڰԸ공󣬱ԹԵļĿ
ﾲù졣
ֱʻһξ󣬳ǰкͯܣߺһ
жݵͣ
һΡ
̲סƿƤһۡ
ʱĹɽҲڲ۳ȥڵ޷ɼ˯
ԣĿֱֱһۡ
ߡɣ
ȴֻͣڶԷӲ°ϣƳһۣҴջˡ
ɽӭ߶ȥȴû׽ߣĿһƳ´˿߸ϣޱ飬Ҳβ˫µĺĴ
ҵĹɽ˰һۣƬ̣ѵʵЩꡭɺã
ƽѰɰ㡣
һڣҲЩȡ
һ䣬ȴԷһ漴΢΢һವһ½Ŀһֱ̧Ķߣһ޺ЦݣǳЦ˷糾͸·ֺķӮһʾװ£ڴ˰ЪƬ̰ա
֮ǣ
ɣ

Ķľɣ
˵꣬ЦеĽವһգȻֱһᣬۣװ
ˮʤա
ɽĨǳЦжˡ족֣һʱɫһƽȴս΢΢һ
ˣһƬţûзκһ


6 
˵һ˿촦ùź󣬰Сʱ˰ҩţ˻鿡
һƬټĻ鿣ʮJ鿣ʤգͷɫܣɫݣӦоС
ԭǳݣķ߰ôһ˼ãȴϻ鿲ŸոݺãȴѲ御
ʮʱ̳⴦ŵլףΪ˵֮飬ؽ²˰Ϊ
һ١
۳Դöȣǹ£һճݹٰ졣
ĸһ˿ӡ
ټĸۡһһľһһǳӰӣżܴһһп̽ĸϢ
మ
ԽӰժһһƿУϺõ˿ƿڴϾĽᣬȻһڷڰ˱ͤʯϣ˵ǰһʮ﷼ͥͷһƬһ֣֪䣬ǻְأԳƬһ԰޶˴Ƭ
һ԰˾һÿ꿪ø
ʶÿ괺ȥĸһһ
ʣĻܣɹɣƳɸɻﶬ֮֮Уɹһݲԣµģһ֭ϿƳޢĹͿĨ
ŮӺլУ֡
ڴʱһ㣬ǵӦ֡
æЩһæһء
ѵæµæԡ
ϦȥȾߵƲʣȺɫϼڳƬƬĻƬ·˸ʳɫĹâУԶԶȥ˻ƵģһһضþģƷŮͼ
ʱʱտȴʱʱ˾޲ѡ
ȻԽˣԽһ˵ȷ߷߲ƽԹ
λ˷ʵ̫Щգ꣬Ӷһﲻ˵һִ˸ŮӮģǳĵڴôܹ裡
˵ԴؿͬȥŮߣ졣
Ϊº͵ЩĲ̣ҧˡ
ˣﻹǹĳƺԷһλǡүֻ˼죬ڳзΪƸΪȨƣǹɽֹҫۣݵλԶˡүһְȻκˣĸҸɫ
˵ţƳŻԶԶһֳۣĬĬɻĽµʱλһԲǵûǨͺſ֣Īǻǿɫأ
ǻϣŶһ·ȴѹûȻһʱ磬˶٣ֵԭλ뾩ʱǸҹҹЩأۿҲЩˮˣûǧΣò׽˸λˣһ⾰㣬粻أ
˵ţҫ۵һʺõ£Сط˿ڸ첲ϵĻͷһõ忪ù磬ȴãͷһͨժʩʻ߸á
ƶСκһƬ꣬һʱ̾˿û뵽ǧĽĵһӣһˣ̫Īˣ
ֹ˵ţһڣһ裬̧ĿһˣŴŵӼȴ˽һѵ㵨Ӵ󣬷ϣûԷɫƣû˳ǿ
ָǷʱûиӡ
ȣΪ˸䣬飬ʵֻЩʱʱҵŮ֪ʵ顣
ǼŮУҪΪưԣԿΪά˵鿤һͷ˿˶޲Ҫҧ˸һźã͸СеĸƵģ߹ǰѩeĶ֡
֮ߵҪԭ򲻽λ֮꣬ҲڷһӮ澻ڴ˿ڡ
ջظʱŸոδü븮ţ˴Ҵλҫ۵żṳ̂ϣֻſһ顱ִҴҼȥˡ
ǵģ꣬Ŷ롣
ҲˣӮ澵һ˿ĸš
ͲǴˣνĿŵˣ
ⲻӦô
һٶ͸Ƶģ˲䣬һϵжѻĲһ˲䱬ˣǣԽˡ
¼˸ֻС۷Ƶ޸ֹһʱһۣΣһƲа귭˸ۣĵλǾǵһӹǣǿүֲǹ̫࣬ĸҡ
ȴ迤ǵһΣ
Ҫ˵ʱʱȻһϤĿ
º죬һŵĶһۣһ˲ƫͷֻĴŮյ֪ʱϢһƬƽؿ
Żһߡҧ˳һ˳뺰յ㡣
յһۣñӣǿĹأպȥ˹˼ҪӵĽǵ¡
˵ţյ¿Ŷ˵һֵ󽫿Ľдʮ飬һ罻
յأ첻ȴн¡ƶ˹˳ƸСèֲΥֻǡ
յ˵ͷԽİ˱ͤɫڶ֮ͤ˵һƷȻͤڵȴȻδ
յһۣٿɫʵɻã
˶٣ֵʧ䣿
յָλŶһ¡
ƻصŻá
ȴÿÿ鲻ʱרעͬ߹ʱǲգƳһζ
յ˽һۡ
°Զ죬ἰ߹
յ˼Ƭ̣˽һϸ֦ĩڡ
˵ƳɵǧĴָСƿУƿ󣬽յġΡˡ
ŷѿзǣһĨϱҪµˣžûƣ۲ѡ
˸ԶǴӵ̸أһʱЦЦ
ֵҡҡ׹Ļϣѩٸһ˪ˡ
˸
ڒ꣬յŽ¡ƹȥź
ôˣػδţ
мֶˣһ϶ӣɱ
յѵˡδ顣
һ£ŶŶ˵Ĵˡ
䲻ð桢ƽ׽˲ϰߡ
ͱ͵Ծ
ǿ˧
ˡ룬˵ţյͬĿյ˵о֮ˣҹԷ
֮⣺ġ
յ
˵꣬˶õ壬봽ߣó˿ڻ꣬㡰СŮݸɷˡ
룬һصķͥ㳹ڷС
ΪԼ̤ˣֻŵƽʣʺĿϲ֣ԧϷˮĴֽڵĹ齡ױ̨˱ϣĿ֮ȫ˺񣬴ϸǻ޴ĿĴϲĺ챻
ķͥǸͷβ·
ԭأ㶵⡭ǡ
Ȼʣ룬ʱͷȵѾߺȸԾ֣үˣүˡ
΢΢һΣԭȥ


7 
ȻΨһõķӱǰȾܣҪɡڡϾ˲ֱӵ֮
ȻŷһתſλεĴһߴӰſڣȻ
Ѳ֪˶á
̧۳Ӵš
Ŀͬһ޶ӹʺĿĴϲ֣һֻۣƵ˹齡ױ̨˱ϵĺϴƬ̣ȻĿһ̧ԶԶ밲Ͷ
Ŀܾ
ȴһǧѪȻӿ˺ˡ
Ҫһ
ʱȴǹɽ̧Ų
һһ٣ִĿۡ
µĵ̺Ҳˣɺػ޵̺߽С顢١Ļӣ߻Ҷïһ޴ԧͼŻƣԧƣԢܺ١
ӭʱĵ̺һģһ
һС

һ˲صǰɻ鵱Ƶġ
ɽĿĬĬڵ̺ǷԧϷˮͼϿƬ̣漴һգֱ̤˽һ·ߵ밲ĵطͣƳƬ̣ӸµĿŰڵأ
ţȴûжʵ
Ŀֱͣڰϣ˵ˣϰֱλεŶԷ˫ۡ
һѹȸС
Ͳ󣬿沿Ƿɽְ㣬ټƽһϳɵĸо
ԡ·áһ¾δᡣ
δ죬ԭҪһȻԷһδᣬðȻڣд˵ԽԽ֮ӣο˴۸ڶмڶѿࡣ
ǧѪȥ
ɨ˶Էһۣ˵һƽȣྲྀµŰա
˵գֱת
ѾãֻǷʩ롣
һľĲȺܿ촫ζѡ
Բζ˫ɴƤ롢ԧϷˮˮϺӸ
ȥÿȽϲ֮ˣƽϲϵϲ֮˵
ڴ˿ƽƽһһ
ˣȴ֪ΪΣǰһУһʱ˱Ƶģһθ
θЩ
һֱĵģӵײ֮ûж
ڹﳤϸع棬ʳ޲ɣ¡̫òҲ
Ǳǣڣϲţ˷õó𣬶գڷȴñͦĿ⵭ɨĶȴƹˣƽʳеò;߷ʳ꣬ٻ͵ĵľӣٽ̧ס棬Żʳ
ÿһڣһྲྀ¶ҪϽ̷졢֡
ò͹̣ȻʼҼʱǣҪϿ
ɽҲǻ֮ˣ佫ҳӻ·ѧϰ䣬Ÿ˧Χԣ˲Сڵϰԣ˼ӧʢѰѬգټϺģϲȱīϸеȡ
ֻʳٶȿ죬ȴ³
Ƿ˱ûκθ飬ټϸͲ죬ּϰ˵һɸ߹Ʒһ̬
ɽʹһٷҲԵι죬Ȼζ
̽һԭڰһʼ£ҪȥΪԷʱǹɽסˣˣϯʳ޲ʱһ޶һ˿ˡ
ź󣬰ʻʳʳˡ
²ǡ˹ġ
öţޱȼ尾
ǻףټϴ󲡳ֳţ»ĵʶ͹¡
ʱôģ
ӡУ㡭尾
ʱɽҲдһĨɬӣһٸУѰƽȣ»鵱գüβײزסһ˿£ŭֻף˿͸
ͷ󣬱Ͳϲ̫֮ˡ
ȻȴǺ޲ˡ
ҹˣػȥЪš
ÿүõȡ
ſձĶҹɫĿĵⲽʱʱһͳȴʧǵ򡢺ڰ
ȥ
ҹʳһĨӰ
Լʮ£׷Բȴһ˿һط˱ͦͦأǹҲ
̫Ů̷꣬ź󣬽ʼ̵̷νɹһִڰĸĸλ̫
ʱݣǹϿܳᡣ
˼ҽյͬһޣһģӿ̳ġ
֡
ʮֵġ
ӭȥס˹ֵĸ첲
ʶرҪʡͥͷ沼ãߣﶨһƪƪڵˣַȤûˡ
һʱƲ졣
ĿԽһĨ£Ȩûֻ̽ڰֱ¶ȣƫͷŰڵҹûˡ
ֵҪÿүõȡ
𣬻ҪƲֵˣ겻ţձ㵱ˡ
˵ţһۡ
ǰȰûˣҹȹ϶Ⱦ¶ˡ
»صͥʱɽڣ˵λȥ鷿
ڼλŮ̷ԡϴոʱԷݡ
ķͥԺټǿޱȣԡ࣬齵ĵطůԸߣһɣò棬ֲ廭ԾǶţ߬ʻ棬壬ɫ㣬ۼ
ѵ˹ơ
ʵڵƹ£ڵӰͶ˲ϣһһأ£ɼ
΢΢һ٣ɽű飬ڣٴĹ
ԡϸ£Ի裬þͰĦжȥۣ֬ϴǧ˿ʸɺȥ˴ʱ
صױ̨ٴξ棬ͿĨ֬Ĩȥٴξ棬Ūʮָ˯ǰ辻ݺȥ˰ʱ
ʱѿʼ϶˸
ҹѽ
ͷһʱĹɽȫޣױ̨ǰͿͿĨĨֻͣ䲻еı鳯ŹϵСһţֱӹˡ
ⷬ˲ڼ˲
ͭƲһۣûп
尲ۡ
ãƿڣȴǳ죬źϴ
һ£û뾹ΣֻӲͷƤȥˣ롣
ɽ֣Įȥա
쿴˰һۣ£ǰŰԵĽ¡ư˰֣ʾһ¡
룬ԭĬĬױ̨ǰİʱֹʹĳͭͷûͷûβĲһ䣺Ȳ⣬Ǳ˹źա
ƮЦ˵ţ죬Ӱλźϴԡ
˵⻰ʱ΢΢ЦУ˵һ塣
Ȼɿ쿴˶֮һۣʶؽһֻ֧֧ˡǡЩЪա
˵գ˰ԸŵĨͣһ
¡Ƽ״Ƕһۣ漴۹۱ǡǹģĬĬ
ͭɫƬ̣һ
̤ȥ
״¡
һⱻôţ
Ҫֻܹ䲻ʶ̫̫֮࣬ˡ
ԹԴ꣬Ĩϸ֬ǧ˿ǰһɫ۵İԹԵĳŷ齣Ʊ˯ȥ
ͷˮܿƽ
ץϲҪͷʱžҹһ
ͻȻ
۳ͷһۡ
ûп
ͷԶƬִ̣һ
תת
ڣԡͰĹɽüͷ΢壬ͰԵָͻ

Ȼת䡣
⻰һ𣬲һϸϸԶ
Ϊ
鲻Ըһһⲽ󣬳ͷһۣš
ҽµ
Ĺɽɨʩľµۼ£˵š
£
Ķ£
ѹûô
һʱЩ¡
ѹһˡ
Ƽͷûˣˮһ졣
Ȼ
һ߱꣬ﱸѡ
ﵹһЩԭľѣҪҪȥʱʱ۾΢΢һתȥѰѰ
˵ţתװģѰƬ̣ܿȥ
ʱһĴ˿ʵģ͸״ͬɫĵ󲻿ԡ
ԣץԸĵڣǱǸȴЦȻô죬صòִ٣˴δü㱸ѣȥûԵģΨЩҪȴպŴһ
˵ţʮΡ
Ȼһ˵ţһ̲ס̽һֻȥ͵͵鿴ԷķӦ
ԡͰĹɽŵݵǰ֮һʱֱһֱߡ
Թġ
ɽۡ
Ȼһ̣ŵûһ죬͸ҴܳˮƵģһڡ
ͬʱˮķУԭԡͰĹɽû˿׵ľֱһֱŰ棬ԡͰࡢվֺ˼ɣֱӳ㡢塢˵ĴԡͰ˳
ҵˮһƬ˰һ
û˿׵İ䲻˾㶵˫һԲһ̡


л˵
ɺػ޵̺峯
˿ܾūʵū澲ԭйǵģź̫źźŮźˣ˵Ĺض̵ģжͬϵģŮǵ˵Ͷԭġ
ڻ˵Ӧ硣


8 
ҡҷ
Ρ
Ȼһ֮ڣ֮ڣȴš
˾һԵš
£ҡҷ⣬ƵĿռ䣬ʹԽ΢š
ܹ˴˵ĺ
ҧţ۾ϵֳٳٲ£ţϵĺϼþòȥ
۾ҪԼϹˡ
ԼҪˡ
ˡ
ʮ꣬δʧ̬
йɭϣС߶ŮźټĹסűһˣĻǶ½½úµֻ̫ˡ
̫׽ޱȣʱ÷һͬĶӣ߼ûгֹκˣûиЩǽӴ
Ȼ֮࣬ĳ֪ϵĵ߸еԼţֱִ۵ĵ߸С
ȻѾˣǰѡԲˡ
ǺڵϹµĽڣλεĳֵǰȻݡ
ȴ׳˵ǣѪšĹҵļ⣬û룬Ů֮֮󣬺ơƽʮ˵ѹŨһƵģǰļʵǰĽýһͷ͵ıӡ
ۿȥǰݣ룬һʾ
Ȼ˵Ǵ
ȫһֲ˰ۡ
ŵ޲Դ˫ۡ
Ҳѿֻĳʵ̫ڰþ޷
Ҳƺҳ»鵱ҹԳܵԭˡ
ͬʱвɱӿֳһ˿㤺ͿܸС
ֻþδ
һţþ޷˯˭Ÿ࣬ˣҲ˯Űա
֪˶ãڻ۾ϵ˻ȴŶ䣬һܡ
Ĺɽƽȣһ·ɮ붨㣬Ȼ˯
ĬĬһ
ҧŴСǣ±ӣҪת
ʱĲ׽һĨΣյϢϮ
һ£ʶرҪ룬Ȼһ½ʵǽڣѹ޴ء
ȵʱԭΪѾ˯˾ϢֱϷǶ
ؿȻ
һ
ʶرҪ̧赲
Ȼַһ̽ȥ㱻һͭǽڸ˻
Ƕǽ̼Ӳ˲ָ⡣
ʵı۰
ӲýΧ
ѹ޴ӡ
ֻ̧ۣ͸⣬ֻڵҹ·һ˫Ϭ˫ۣ˫۴˿һضڶ㡣
Σİ
ȻǰһĻһ＾ԣǡԳ
ʱǻСԳ׷ܣ䲻һֻӥֱӵ䵽˰Ľűߡ
ӥϲѱһѪֱӿڰű£׶
Ų԰׵Сȴ
ã˲Х
ոմӱĹ˼ҶӹǷֱִߵűߣֻ˸ߵӥʰ
۾գֱӽֻӥĺγ˰һֱۣӥȥ
ֹϡ
ģɰ֪ǸսϺݾӥ֮ˡ
˿̣еֻӥ
ɱظеһ˿˿š
̶ʹЩܡ
֪ŽհһյӵжԻ䳰ȷǷԡʱϷŪϷδĲٿƣҪȵ궴֮ʱҪ˼
ƫƫǰҪܺ͵ִеЩѣʱһϸ
ɽü΢΢һʱһڷһ뻳Уյߣҧﰲɡ
Ϊɽѹ㡭
ҧŴѼᣬֻʹ͵Ľһᣬһգһ§סĲһɣһֱƸֱۣ
һ촽ҧˣ̲סһƲסʧֱ̬ӿء
ֻ÷·ˮ͹֮Уͼ̡֮
ȴ΢𣬶ȻƬ̺󽫻ʺһҧȥںܿѪãڣ漴ȥһеĽ
˳ڣһһƺХһһϮ
ǰսң𣬾òϢ
ҹѽ˺̡
Ҫǰ»֮ҹҪ߳
¸һţϸ΢಻ϵĶȻĴ
΢΢С֪򽹼ĻΪɬ߷ŭͺһƬ
ôͣЪ
Ȼš
Щʹࡣ
һţȻóȻ޵ôЩơ
ؼ̣Ҫͣġ
ȴֻλڹ۸ˡ
ͼȥѣʱƺС֡
͵̧ͷֻˡ
߽ڴƬ̣͵Ϳµйˮأ
ѽйһˣǵڶ 
˶٣ֵ֪Ƿе 
»֮ҹʱҲŲء
ʱȴԸˡ
·߷߲ƽɡ
ֳƬ̣Ŷ˵ȥˮա
˵գڴ͵Ϳ
ڵĶȻһ١
ãϤϤ𣬶ͣԼĪӺǹɽͳɳƵԸˮ
¡ĬĬˮȥʱѼɽ˰յѣѶڰڴĿ衣
һȥһ˿˿ҡ
֮
Իɣ˿ھʲô
˽ˮֱ˴齣Ҫźϴʱǰɽߺֱɨȥա
¿һֻۣùȥ
ǰڵĴɿ쿴һۣϵĿϸŽ˯²ʡ


ˡ
գͷѱֱͷϡ
ȴ˯ø֪Լںδ
ʱںϮӿֱӽû
ʱڰУ籩ֱ꣬ӽ
ֱ¡ƶ˽ỽѡ
һۣĿչ̵Щۡ
˻ûȫѣǹɱһʹб㳯ȫϯ
ôһ˲䣬Ϊصǰ
һģһĶʹУʱ̲ţ̰ͬ㡣
ô꣬һҲһǶһǶǰĵùһ컨һαҹ
ʲôʱأ
ڴƬ̺󣬴˽ѹڻ룬һڣɳƵòУ
һ븴˻ȥ
Ѿʱˣһʱǰһ⣬δܻѣ¿ɻãǶˣˣ
š
һ䣬æȥ衣
ȴƿһǣŰϸϸ鿴
˰߰ߺۣһѩ׵ļſ
еָӡ
Ϊ̫ѩףЩӡ͵ؿȥֻĿġ
ǰҪ
λλҲ̫ˡ
¿Űϵĺۼ߷߲ƽ
ģҲ鿴ˡ
ʱŽµϹ˵ͬǰԵ
˵ţһۣȥ
СŮһߣŶŲźò裬̶ĳŰʱԸ˲ūǽѣ˯
üЦ˯º˵ҲǴźģɼų䣬ȴǹ˼ġ
ֿ˰һۣЦŴȤū˵֮ⷽѪпԭο佫⾫ʢЩպĥˣȻڹͨˡ
첻Ƚ¡СŮ곤ꡣ
С޶˷ֱ꣬Сʤ»顣
ϸѪղǡ
䵭Ž˵ˡ
ۿ֮࣬׻ϲ
룬䣬ȴѵһһֱӳ˴齡
ߣһĩ֥С٣ʲôˣ
С˵ţ˵꣬ץһŴȥ
죺
ߣһƷ֥С٣ˣǵģ۸λεġ
л˵
δҸĲ룺
أ־ҡ
֣ģֻҪūڵһգ²Ⱳӡ
ɽллϡ


9 
һĵDˣûһķֵˣˣǱ߽ҲˣСŮһҲŪˡ
˵֮࣬Ǽˡ
ҹõ٣еţһ˯ģƮƮģ÷һܵҪ
ϴһڰʳʱ콫һ縮ϵĶϤ
ӵ΢΢һ٣ô֣
˶٣Թ֪Ƿ̻ζֵ⿤òˡ
˵ţӳ˿ڼ˿Ҭ¶ӣʵĽôԵˣ
ϷֿĪǳʲô²ɣߡΪŮһ£
ȻֻЦſڵַΪŮһظģԭŮǰˣԭջμǶڽŮ˳ָģζĲŵ˵ҼƶôŮյϽŮͷ˳ȥ˵ĸӮĸܱ˹飬ʱӺʹ˻δأ֪¡
Ӻʹ˵Ǵʱһ¶˲ӵ壬֪ģӵк˾أ˲ƴǣ£֪ģ˵ڳ˵ǰأǴ˲Ѵ֮ͶӮ£ȵŽŮƵ˸ǰʱ˲֪ͷһŮ
һ˵ţһһָæַŮһǵ֮϶һҪһʱЪûūʱһ⣬ûܽѣַЦ˵ͻˣô߶ŵģִȤ˵һ⣬뵽ģǲһ⣬˶Ҳలµģ˵űüЦЦȥˡ
ѧ飬ΩΩФ
ȴҲЦиЦŶ֪ʲôһ֪ʲôز֪ҾǰǸ֪֪ܵģ
ЦеĿ죬ȴһĨɱ
ϵĴȤ˲һĨڨЦһʱ֧֧ū֪ū֪֪ʲôʲô֪
˵š
ĵҲͲλǻѣû뵽һɱġ⡱ɱҡС
˵ˣλӵ˾أ˾֪ģǿߣλԣտĸܼ
¿֮϶޵Ľһˡ
˵ôһͨ˭룬⵽䡣
һ⸱
ѹֽֿ˻ʮоź޲ýĳ˸죬Ůһ½˻Եʡ
أŪˣͿأǾͿĴأ
£ĸ͵ģ
˭
˶мڽͣ۶ûἰ
ˣôô
Ǳ
ɸֵĵһۣǽ¡СɰͬһӪ
춼յˣһ㶼ɰˣһֻΪˡ
²ţȴһμǶɵһӡ
˵š
͵ɲǣԶһߣμǶԽķŷˡ
һ䣬Ŀ˵ˡ
찵һãڴʱἰɵ˵ġ
һʱɿ쿴˰һۣҨ˸ҪԲԣֵǿŮΰð
Сʾġ
˶٣æ˽һǰյ㻹ˣ˵ñǡ
ⲻֲ֪ĬĬǻˡ
ˣȴһʱеӣĬ
Ů¶䲻뵱֤ĽԵʵȷϵ˲٣Ҳ⡣
˵չ˵ĻΪ˸Ů֡ǲŵģΪڰӡУչ˵ĸǸ۸ڶġ
˵ŵģĹŮȦʮߡ˸ٲż˼ǲмһˣûΪŮ
ͺ⣬ˣͷ޶Щˬô£
·ϣһֻԵ޹ʷˣҲЩʵԵ˺ȴһʱ²ʲȥƽ˶ġ
˺ðΣŵʵǹڣ
ԺûɻһԸڲϲ£ĴæŵǸڿģǲ֪Ρ
룬޶˿ˣҲԹ
˵ţƬ̣Ŀһ̧ǱԸѡգԸڸУǩ£Ը׼һʰ÷ѣ˳ɡ
ǡ
ҧ˰ӣһţһߺDСͺһĹƱЦˣ
š
DСԣβһ̣֪Ҫ
׼ǰͰ̽ڷģĳ˲ϣַ죬һ׼ֵߵȥѸˡ
Ȼһʱһսˣһ˦һʿҲҸµʮ磿
ǵDʮˣƵģ˵⻰ʱ°Ͷ̧ˣǽһ
˵˵ţЦҡҡͷ֪δʱ˲ӣӶδ£ֱܻķԸηظֹһ·ȥˡ
Ǹҧг첱Ӵֵģ춼̲סЩҪЦ
ЦŸոϿһ򣬵ͷȥ
һΣСģǺ޲ҹҹĳˡԲһ³׸Ѹ˰ɡ
ҪҪţ
Ҳǣ˰ļǣġøɷһ²ɲܴô
ֻǣðõаô
²Ǹǳеã
˰ɣ
һʱòѹסĻҪһһðˡ
գĬ߹ݣеƷհŻѹסС磬Ļ¸Ӳ˻أDвȥ֮
D档
ȱ꣬Щźˡ
DϺһʱһң
ɫ˲䵭˼֣ĵν£ˣ
ȴ۾һ΢΢̵ô߰һģͰƫأרˣõȲȥͷʮͥһյ㰲ƫأǲߡ
Ʋ˵ţ˵꣬룬һתֵˣŹӡһˣ
Щ⡣
Ŷԣӣ죬·һʱ¡
ƣʽĿǳˡ
һ磬·
Ǳȥա
ϯ򵥵ϴһֱȥƫ
ȥʱҵĴ̫̫Ŵ󷿵Ů񡢹ڲˣǸոùţ˳ԵЩš
ϷŴƤ̫ʦһһ˳ŶƤĻʳǹԹһţСϵūeڼִչȥᱦƮ㣬ЩĩˣֻЩʵػĪǵģ˵һأ˵ѹͲϲô˵˸澻˵᲻ǿ棬װδģ
տֹš
⣬Ĳ΢΢һ١


10 
նϹ˵
ڽϵĹš
Ϲ˵ǽھһӱ겻ܣʵɣиճ׾»ڲ˵ģǲϲʲô˾֪飬ֲֻһ˵
ֱӴӰŮҲȷϵٰɣ˵ˣһȥ꣬һŲ룬ֱȥϣֱӴϴ˵ģǵӵ棬о²ֻǲϲˣö֮ĴˣҪ˵ѹͲ£ǰڻƴǰˣ
һ˵ţȴЩֻ
ȴЩۣò˲ϲ
۾һת̧°Ϳϵ˵أ
ƤִһԵİ˳ƻŶƤϹţ룬˵µ˾ûĸ̰ɫģǼλЩ߰ݣȴҲȷʵе޵Ĳ٣ȻˣһöǶ壬۹Ƥףǹұһ󹦣Ҳ˶ֻںһƤģͺñǶ壬Ҫ֪λν˫ĿѷɫôЩ۳ţСźʱζ
˵ţС۳УģģҲѰܸ޹µĳᲢֱۣһһڵأȴԽԽˣ˵ҪĶ˵ȥ
⻰һ˲Ůոһ˷ܰԵ˼˵ԵǳҲôϲ
Ƿ´½ƵģƲסĿϲ
³һۣ룬ֻϵ廨Ьһţ˫ų潻ŽźЬϣһ߶ţһѹҲ˵ϲô˵أô˵ɣСûмǳλǿҼ˶ҪģǶˣҪ˵⿤ҲԽԽλˣԽԽԽԽ˸ʲɫȴס
ڣϿ̸ţԽ˵Խ
⣬±СðˣҪһѳȥ
ȴһСؿ˿һۣɫδκα仯ߺһ
һ䣬ͷһ졣
̧ŲӻʱֻŻĵûȵ˴˿ѹؾضϣһ첱ӴֵģͦñȵҪͦ
ﾲĵģһƻꤱֱ䵽˰űߡ
Ŀһۣƻٴ̧ʱȾ˰ֵЦһ߳ͷʩʩȻţһߵЦŵ٣ôõˡ
⻰һ˲ֻһ
˼ҹŵĿ㽫ˣûоõȣûоõȣôõˣǴĲʱֶŮոջؾﶨæòɿǴû⵵ˣǴĲǣǴĲǲŶԣ
˵ϼĿЦƺûǷҧ֮ԣʱüͷһɣֻЦúǰһŰЦеİԻš
¿קſѩ׵裬֣֪Ƿ˾֣ϴˣһֵۻ࣬ʱСˡ
ȴѹû⵽³˵Ŀ⣬һĳڻЦıУһ䣬ָæ񡢹ն˸ٻ˹սǲǿýôڼʱſýĺôôأǺˣֲˣǵý㣬ý㣡
ϼüŪ۵ĽŮ˹

նý㣡
񡢹Թ˳˳ݼ
ЦЦ۹񡢹գ˵ø֮ˣ޵ԽˣսҲǴˡ
һľɬɿ쿴˰һۣܿ촹˫ۡ
ȴЩ⣬ֱ̧밲ţϰĹɡٽɫʱͷһһºҲܿҧŴͷһ͡
ЦЦĿһۣһʱеĺƻһ٣©ۼİ˫ֵ飬ƻϸǰһݡ
Ŀϡ
һ£˲Ⱦ˼ΣƬ̺ȴǽһģƣƻִֺ죬ﲻҪ׸ýԵģû룬һ⣬ŵƻֱӴͷƣ⺢ӣСƵԶǣηηģýֲˣŵǲ
˵ϷӦ˫һƤһ¹߸ɶߴһ˳ˡ
Ʋ˵ƣֻЦ˳ֽƻŹһݵЩݣԸų԰ɡ
ĸһ©ҲֶϰЦЦĿ⣬һʱȵ޵ݣ޲طȥգǺƻӰн˹Сǣл
һͨѺ󣬼
λϣԸϲ裬ֻλϣһš
빬˻ʱģʵ¶ѣÿԪڵճ˳ȥ߶һأȻÿ򴺻ᵽСס»һ£ÿıޡΡʶ빬㲻öô磬ȴҲİ
׿ɻã
һ߰룬һߵЦš
֪ǲǹ񡢹ն˵ĴֻýյĿҪǰԪոҪޱˡ
˾֪飬Ůκһϣض֮ԱǣɵֻҪ˵ˣضҲа΢ˣնòôãòϣδԽġ
ֻյİҪ޷ֱˣֻĶǶһ˵̬Уβüң֮ȥеԽٹʣŮ
һбЩŮеޡƹˡ
һ˵ȫдʡ
Ʊͬ򡪡
񡢹նƵóǹƲһ̬ɣ棬ĿɫǳһƣУǱݺݡġ
һʱĵһã⿤ֶŮ޶˵Ĺϵƺû紫ŵǰӣתһ룬ֵֶŮˣ佫ôλɫˣǷҲܴŷ޶˹ϵȻ
ţɫһתܿЦе㸸㻹֪ô飬һڹͷΪ·ǣ˵߬дʲôҵʲôڲܻ
˵ɫһͣ̾˿㸸ЩడԴ򳤹ȥ˼ҹţôЩ궼֪ôģʮߡˣϥҲûøѪ̳мҵҺüҪ˵£ȴԸ䲻˵Ƕ֪ͷų£һֱŲֻ˵ⱲгЋO㹻ˡ
һݵ˵ţ˵֮޲ü
ĬĬţ΢΢һһ䣬㵭ؽ¿ɻã
ӻؽǼá
뻰һڣ˲һ㶣ƺʶԼĻЩףһ£һʱɫ
ҪǰŸջɫζԳһεĶ԰׽һ䣬ἰؽһʱЩˡ
ǶŮǰ׵á
丸䲻Ȣȷϵ٣ȴڰһңһŮĹء
ǸǸؽӺöˣСۣպȾ˷纮ްˣˣ֪Ҫʱһ㱳СĹӸҪأ˵Ҫ͸Եġ
㬵˵š
˵ţ͵͵۲İɫӦ
Ƭ̣ЦЦұҲˡ
˵ţĿһ̧ϵɴٳţ׺ؽպͲˡ
˵꣬е볯Խһݣֱӿżɽչ¶ҪѰ顣
ϼ𣬶ʱɫһɣЩݣãսһᣬֻЦеģѰ˼ֶŮոջ⿤æⲻ⽫ս͹֣һͷŮԼҽʹ˳ǲ
üɫ˵š
һ䣬ȴǶȻһ
ȴãǶⶼõˡ


11 
ԼǴûм˲Ҫˣ˲ҪĻڰ΢壬þҭ
⡭š绨ý㸮ͣǼ˼֪ýɷ޲ǰ£
ҪǸԶǰͶףһи˵ͷͬһڣҲǵľѣԸúõĸϲԵηǵðͰý㡢ýϱģ
һʱ΢
ϻиݼѰģñһ˸еͷʣˣ
λϾôڵģ
ǻʱȥСסʱǸСţΪûûΪţֻߴġҪ
ãδŭ⣬ڲ֮ˣϰϷƵýζ룬СŮסˣ˫һɣֻûָϵһˣ̫̫˻⣿
±һСҧţ˶٣Ŀһɨ¹񡢹ն˵ӹֻһ̫̫뽫ӡ͵ҼҿֵµŮô˵Ҽҿ٣ҲЩװɣϾӵĶҲǵүǿĸף׵ֶŮŮ֮֮ȥʹ̫̫µôǿ֪ģΪǿǸŰ֮أ
˵š
˵ùú޲췴
ȴȴһɵҿĸҺ˵˵ҷ鿤Լҵ¶µ˺£˵ˣڴǰϼңӵĿɲǾǵʹѾͷô㲻ʹûʹĸȥ
ֱ׳˵ţĩˣ˽һۣЦЦȴżǿѾͷһƾ֪СҲпԭʲôģС֣ЩСѾͷ˵ɣ˵ôЩźǼźþģжԴԼ׽ǲǣǼսȻǲͬǸͷͬѪأǿǵ׵ýãôţĪǻȲⲻĵļѾͷɣ˵ˣŻУպʹбųȥ˵һգǸʱô죬׽þͲͬˣ׽ÿҪһӵģܷһᲢۣ
ƤһĭӶԶˣĶܸ˵ˣټɤŴʮ㣬˵ټĵĻ
һ䣬·ɫһ䣬̬㳯ŰһЦĵģպսֻʹǣսȼҲ㲻ʲôġ
˵ţƫͷŮһۣЦüɫºͣ»ܸ˵˵ӵĻսЩСԣȴʤӵɰպǽһ鴦ž͸һƵģһ׼ܺͺġ
˵˵űüЦ
ĳ·˲档
Ҫȥˡ
ȴһ̧
̧֣·޷һʱЦ䣬ʵЩ̴ϵĿֳ룬ˣһʱ̧˸ĹǷЦųϿڣȴЩΪѵĺⰲˡ
˵˴˫һ˷ܵϵⶼڴȴڴʱֻһתһε˷ǻؾְģȥ˵ձҪϱ֮ؼˣھǴϼգҲ鷳λˣⰲˡ
˵š
룬ȴһ£૵ôҪˣֶŮ
ֹ󣬲֪ʲô˲תΪϲһ̧ͷһ˷ܵسŰǲãֶŮȥǱ֮زûչôȥǵƶ֮صģⲻиֳɵܹôɴȥźźˣһã
ϴֳһģϲ˵š
ڹڼСĽЩС˼һԵ˵˳

ˣ৵һͺһƬ
ϾŮѣһ£ŷӦԼ˵ˣ˰һۣһʱЩΣȴҲΪ⡣
Ӳɷ檵ģɸɵģɸ֪֪׵ġ
СֶŮϵ罫ȥһһ׮
˧˼ңǹھͷߵһա
̵š
ԣȴⷬĻһʱ˵ϻˣһʱιЦЦϲãһްգдţһڱۣ֮Ԥһȥź򣬱̽һ·ϲãʱ˵ϲŮŮݣϲŮŮޱϲӣڶŮӣ˵뷳ˣ˼ԼĪƫ޸ĸ¿ĹŮô
˵ţĿԶԶͶŵ˹ϿһۣЦЦиĸнã²Ϸϲá
һϧ˵š
һ䣬ֻ㵡
Ĺϸһס
˻عһ𣬱ּЦе˵ϲֲǲܸģպ̽̽Ŀڷ磿һӽúͺҲǻϲġ
˵ţһ˫ĿϻɨһȦ䲻ˣ̫ںɽͷסأջ֪˷᲻Ҫȥסһĺ֮ʣɽ࣬ɽ²£Ĺɽϣ˵ĽҰ룬ɽлޣҺǲԸȥģλԸôȥ̫һ̣ȨҾТˣ˵ɽϻѩδλӵ֪ܲܵסأ
Ц˵ţЩǡ
񡢹һǹǵġϲáеĻϲ˴룬Ҫɽͣʱһùġ
˵ɽֹŻķˡ
Ҳ˳ݡ
ʱƺЩΪѣƬ̣̽ڵˣҪɣǵDòͷ߶ˣԤȥϰݰݣλҲսˣǸó߶ύύЩˣӸæңǹ˲λãﻹǽλҴȥ׼һٳϺú¶һ¶ƾλõĻò˵׼ܽύһ־ȤͶġѡأ˵Ҳǣ
Ц˵ţһȫȫΪλǿǵ̬
Ȼ˻ֻһݵ˲ǰһ񡢹ն˶˫۶̲ס˸
Ҫ֪ŵڹͣҰǰԭȵĳĿǣĸὫǷ
Ȼųȥ󣬹Ҹһǧɣд͵ϯ룬껹ãŮͻСͽȴѪ˰ŲŲΪʶҽύĽЩƲ۵ССŽ򵽰ˡ
˵ҪŹ񡢹ղμ磬ܲϲ
檲ޡ
Ȼ˼ҵ檱ȵе޸Ҫ׶һ·ǣ
ʱϼ⣬е޵ģһʱѰ޲±㵱źãƬҲסˣͰҪһ˫Ůȥ׼ˡ
ϵˡ
˷һͳţϣ˵仰ôأ
˴۰˵š
ԣߵΪ磬ȴȻЩ߷߲ƽΪݹң϶ҽ˼򵽿ˣԻ˺ɫū˵һȥˡ
¸СƢٲȻҪըˡ
ԣȴǵĵЦӣЩƣüû˵ã͵͵ĸÿȥСסر˼ҵĵա
˵š
˿ļֵ䣬˶٣ֻһܿתŻЦŵˣūô֪͹ţҪ檰
˵ţЦЦ˵ϲŮ
⻰һ𣬹Ȼֻԭ۵İ˲佫˫һֻЦһǣҸ檣ж󣿡
˶٣ֽüͷһҿŮˡ
Цһ˵ţЦλεġ
䣬ŵͷһ󶯾ߵſڲ鿴⿴һۣȻ漴ĳ֮˵󡭡ˡ
ڰ


12 
أ
˵컰䲻ãͷһͳƬ̺ӰһΣɽѴ̨»̤
֣һɫ۱ֱͦһ˿˵䣬ɨһۣſͣƬ̡
칧صشˣˣ̫̫ʹ󷿵λǹƬ̣ȥá
ɽԵ˵ͷʵ֪ʣڸ˹ҡĸŮˡ
ͷֻ̧ŵڿȥ
ϵİ˿Σ˱ͦ°͸̧һư˵һׯŮϢ˿ûб˵˻ץľȸУֱ׳ĺܣ
ҹת֮ȥԶ
˿̺ܻӭߣһ࣬бɨһҪš׵ļơ
˶Ƭ̡
ɽüͷһ£ƺЩ޷ԷҩζԵɣû￪λ߸ϵĿ
˵ʱȴԷֳſһ̧СŮӦȥֻƯ£ǹżһڣ˱ֻƵģ˲ƮƮ
ȹڿлһĻȡ
ԷŮԶܿ˵ſڣԷȴĿбӣ·˿㣬ƬĿⶼɨ˴䣬ΨβϵƳ漴һͣϱۿɼٶȾ˰֡
ȻֻĿȸƵģʰʤյβ̬ͣȻһһ̨ףܿһʲңɼӰ
ɽ
ɽ˳׵׸ˡ
һߣ̧ۿ˹ɽһۣɫϲŭЩΣ´Ǩŭ룬ֻΪҲţʲôˣǸǸûЪãʶЩƢԴ˵ģģԴ˵ģԣʲôѹûзƢǡЩˣɲǡġ桭ġ
ԽԽڣԽ˵ԽС
գһ࣬ϵū澸ˡ
˵꣬ſˡ
˵ɽԭĿͰһԶȥɫһֱԶšüͷҪ̨ߣһ£֪ʲôԶ٣ĿԼϵɨۣȻζ˹ǵ΢Ŀˣ·˵ǣ۶δ
ţɽһʱ̧֣üģЩΣã׷Űһеķֱŷͥȥ
˵һԶ˺󣬽Ȼ˿һʱؿڣЩ㷲˵šλûգ
ôôɣײ˸һһʮ
˵¶λЩ߷߲ƽȴҲÿλ϶
룬ˣȴҹû
һĮĪ̬
¼˰ððһһҹһϨˣΣѵСһĨ䣡
һ쿪ʤģӵŰ˷ͥ
һݱһˮźϴ֣·ϵ۹ҿֵˮж¶޲ϼ껨꣬ƬҶȥζźá
ĩˣָæһɾźϡ
̷Ѽ䣬ͷ󶯾Ժ˵Щӡ
ⷼͥԺŮһŲӯ಻ЩЦȴЩ
£ȥͷơ
ҪȥʱʱƴҴ˽ȥ˷ԸʰҰң˵Ҫȥȥ˧
˵ţҴҿ
ʵİһʱոձµǵߴӰٴˣָһ·̤˷ͥ
ɽһ̤ڣ㳯ɨһֱۣӿżɽǶ°գ
ǹɽص˵һ仰ΪߵĶһūʹӵţ׽Ļᶼࡣ
ǹɽʽûһ¡ƶܿʶȤˡ
һ磬˸ۡ
Сܲÿ䣬ɵһ뾹ˡ
۷Թ˹Ĵţ˿ûнԼ˵Ļĥŷٶȣߣ˧˵Ͱᣬʹô
ȴ룬ͷĬĬƬ̣Ŷ䣬ûˣ̽ȥ룬һתȴŵ˰벽
ֻŻſڵӰѲ֪ʱϢԣ󣬾ֱλεĿŵ͵·
ˣƬ̺һ৺ˡ
¸ɻ͵źѴһ뾹ˣۿбڴӲһ·б䣬ʱһ½䣬¶˰磬ڹɽûŻ£䵽µ½һֱ䵽䡣
˲䣬ϸ塢ֵһźֱۣӨԲһĨ磬ԼɫԧϷˮĶǶ£һĨӯ֡أһϸ˲ǰһζ
һ̣৵һͺ죬ֻҰɿ콫䵽½żһ£Ȼǰһתȥ
ɽҲûϵײʱ̡
˫ĿһУ˲İЩ
ԺһʱһƬ欣ӯϸ壬һĨɫġǶ
Ƕۣ֮֮˹յһ࣬ɫϸһƸãͷȵļһ·ϣһ첱޳ȳƵĲư˸ССĺᡣ
ɽһʱ΢΢ס
һʱҹԼ»֮ҹֽϸϸļ£ƬƿĻ档
Ĳ΢΢һ̡
֮ǰأںڰнУйٺḻȴӾĳ񣬺ڰе˾Ļ棬һʱԺл֮ȥþơ
ɽ˫һʱ΢΢
ĿһʱͶǰƸõĨϣþòŲȥ
˵һʱؿڣһԭأ߷ߡ֮࣬ԴоƬ̵Ŀհס
ʮ꣬ʹδʧ̬
һӵҪϤˡ
ֱڱ˵˻ץҪá
²ǱӦա
ͬĵص㣬ͬλã˴ͷŸ˸⣬ôţҪԭⲻĸô
ֻǣǱӦδҲ̫˰ա
߲ѣ߳ŭѧе̫Hҵ裬죬úҽ۳Ϸɿϣ۴Ⱥֻҧת
תһ̣ɽеŨѻΪƽ
ݺݵǹɽһۣҪԽȥ룬ʱɽǰһߣסȥ·
ߴӰ˲佫ϤΧڡ
̸̸
ɽͷŰ˵š
Ҹûʲô̸ģ
Ҳδ룬˵
һ䣬ҪԽʱһ٣һֽʵǯһǯסˣ̶á
۵ϸ׼ȷУ·Ѳ
л˵
ףԲտ֡


13 
ϣһ硣
ɽ˹ĵ˱裬漴氲ǰһϥ̸ļơ
ȴ֣һһӣС·㣬һδ
򷽲ŵġšϵĺϼþòɢȥ
Ĩһ֬ÿɫ
ɽĿڰ͸۵پɫпһִۣĿϸƬ̣漴軺˰յյƬ̣ɽһڣֱӿżɽҵ黹δ´ϱʱ׼Ȱع˼ң׵ٽĸӻظһСžۣ֪Σ
ɽŰĿƽĿ˵ţһȻ֮ǰֱ´˰ҵָ
ǣƨ
ǣ䣬氲ವһЦӴô˵øڿط˧ˡ
Цһȴǳ
ø
ɽŰü΢Ƭ̺·͸һĨ˼
˼ⷬЦ󣬹ɽ룬̽ſڵŵδܴһδӶģ
ѹִӰһ濪ʼڣһֱ䳰ȷޣ
ɽȴЩ⣬޳ָһʱû£ɫҼǵõѯʹ㲻Ըһͬǰġ
˶٣Ŵüͷһֱӽ˰ϣһǵãǰβ͹һţԸԸϣҼǵºյţصģԸ
ʱλ߸ϵİΨһعһţһָֻĻ֣Ը
ɽļǵõյʱ⽫ŵı˹Ϊ©ʲôַŷ鿴յõһǳ׼ȷʵĴ𰸣ǵģһֵֻĻš
νԼࡢϧԼʢ˼ʵĺڹ͵˼¡
ʣĴϣĻǷȱ֮ȴûеĵز
֮꣬±Ͱòִ٣ϵ£ʱ컨Сǡ󲡳ܳ;ټ˱֮أطƶ񤣬򷴸޳涾ڶ࣬ΰ˵ǣǳĽʱֱӽһȥβ֮١
ҲǺķʱӦǱߵ
ʱ佫شͷβһ⣬ڣ֮ʱȥţԸС
϶ôɽֻ޿κˡ
˵꣬ɽ΢üŰ·˵ҿ
ȴʱЦˡ
ѯʹ
ѯʹӵ
ҷѾʰ׵ˣֻһҪԶˣԲ;ôһˣаֳӣ
ġ⡱ǽЦԷˡ
湻ģյͻţȴҲǼڼУĩβλãôһˡ
ἰ֮ǰ˳ʮִƪһĶӳ̶ȣȥ˼ôǲ룡
յӹ˼͹ļʱЦòһͶͷ
οʱİû˼˵˸Ծ
ûŵģðһӣӵ֮˵ȥˡ
ỹã䲻һᣬҪѪӿ
ֱǺֺǺǣһֶֻۣޱķ˸ۡ
ĳĬɽΪ޻˵Զԣ
ǣɽ˰һۣٵڰŮһ£ѾŪеԭί
ɽ˵ţ·ֵһᣬ䣬ȴ氲СԽԽϵĳȻȻˡ
ɽû޳ĳָವһͣ룬ֻšüּȲǵһ£ֲŮһ£Īǡ
ɽ˰һۣĪҹһ£
ҹŪһ£
ȻҹĿмȿˡ
ǹɽ˼ã̻λ߹ְ󣬶۵һԵˡ
һԵɵĻ
ɽڵӥڶȵ¿һۣЩѰˡ
һķš
Ȼһ䶨ʱ򣬶Ȼֻ氲ɫһͺðһֱӽǰӸƷˡ
Ȼһ̧ۣƿԷβЦЦЦ⣬ȴڰҧٶȶȥʱĨЦ̣ܿͬһʧˡ
ڣһʱΪԼƴˣһʱֱ治壬ԷǲϷȷµ̸
գ϶ԷѻƽĿ⣬һʱһջƵģֻȻһͦ촽һһֱ׳ַ߷߲ƽַۣǽεС಻ϵ˳
һǰʱȥεҲۣôʹ˴ˣ˴ӣ˴Ǻʱصģ־ȥ˺δǣؾռȲ˼ңֶӲŲʣܲˣǵֱȥμӰһ磬Ǵõѽ
УӶ֪˾Ȩҵˣǵ˶֪ǹ˴̽ɹ˴ٽ˾һ°գȴֻҲǱһ˱˹аֿǹĸܣаعӵôУȥ򣬶Ҳ֪֪Ầɨô֪ôǣ㲻֪ΪѹûнҲǱҷ
ڶ֪ҲǱͬڰʱһ뱾棬㵹ãǺˣи֮򣬾ȥμǵ˵£ãԭ㲻֪飬ô֪ǲӦƴǲӦһʱ佫öӮ˸Ա㽻ü̶άñ棬ûУ㲻ΪѹûнҲǱҷ
λ򱾿ԭίȻؾ֮£ؾ֮⼸վδԵͬһֱӳһϣƫƫƫûУûУΪβΪûУΪѹûнҲǱҷ㲻ˣֱڲˣĿ̤ˣԼȲֲӣĮ̬Ȱ˿ûаıҰΪҪƨɣԵҪڴ֮
ǱĲ
һʱЩʧȥǰ㣬Խ˵ԽԽ˵Խߺޣ˷ܣֱһһֱӴվֱָɽıƿڴˡ
ջõ͹һѣŵû汩ߡ
һڱͷǧ֮ڴʱ˿̾ޱ˳
ˬ
ǽʱٲȻֽЩ˵¾һƵģʮ
ˬǣҲû뵽гһգнָžǵһӹǱӴʱ̡
ȫйˣȻòƵģգ룬̲סҧҧˣеģ°ң˵ͬ飬ô֮ǰ˰ˣô֪ᣬ֪ͨߣ
ȰȰһͨţΪ̫ظһһҲԽ糺ˡ
һֱһϣһ˻ȥֽСһͦ°һ̧쾱˲ֱˣ»صԭȸ߸ϣһ̬
ոǰȰȰһĻֻһõĻþ
Ĺɽ潫ÿһ۵Ŀߺַȫ˶λϣƾþûл
֪˶ã̲סЦһ¡
ͳ̴ֶٵĵЦϡ͸һĨϤ緢Ӣˬǡ
Ц
Ժл𷽲ŰһһϰȰȰȸͣС죬Ƭ̣֪ΣǺЦ
Ƭ̺ڰһɨʱʱ̧ü۵Σֻ̲סΰüġ
Ժз·ЩЩȰȰ֮ԡ
ⶼʲôʲô
ɽЩЦϸϸ׮׮ֺƺϺ
꣬Ȼ˷ؾְǨĻἫ󣬻ؾһֱ͵£δд⼸һֱڶؾְһŶӺֵ
̫Զںɽ£ؾ̽˿٣ڹУº빬ӽӻȴⱻӵ˷֣Ե룬֪տҲڰϣڳһȥ˰
û룬汾뾹֮
ΪˣɽòóΨһһ۱ǣŮ֮ͬ
ŶȻ߷ߵİ
ɽݸ
Σɨ۰ǰǱδĲ裬˶٣ɽʶֽ̧δĲ赹˲裬һԵݵĸǰ
ڸİƳ˹ɽһۣΣ豭˹๾һˣ󣬸ֳŹɽ˸ۡ
ɽ
գɽģ汾һֲĽһȴмһˣףɫƽ
ɽ״룬Ű⼸һ£һ취㡣
ɽһ˵š
һ£̶мһ˵ô
ɽȻһ£һ¡
˵꣬Ƴ¿һظô
ɽ·һ֣š
룬ȻЩֻбɨ˶Էһۣ۵ѵҪһع˼ҿԣǡҸ̧Σ
˵š
ߣô̧ȥģһΡ
ȻġøȻ
̻ãʱĹɽȻġ
˻һֻšüþδΣüͷһģ
ͷ
ɽһۣŴֱ˦ˡ
ԷȥıӰЦһ¡
Ҳǣһ׮λ
ڴԷǨ
ǷŹɽĽ͸һִһƺúøĴŵ°Ƭ̵ġ㱡
ζȻ˹
һ
λ͸λеӡ
ţȥЩˣҪĿЪϢ֮ʣʱ⶯ٴ𣬰ವһ˫ۣȥ
ŵĹɽȥֻһ·ߵ˹齱ߣӸ°㶨ɨһۣƬ̺󣬺ֻ˹ֻһöССġӣ
ֽ۵ģССһöǴСȻһۿȥǽӵ״
ŶԷСֽΣһ£㵣Ƭ̧̺ۿСֽεˣģ·˵㶺أ
ɽػؿ˵ȶҵģ
л˵
ոƫĻˣ
ɽ
Σɽбۿһۣʲô



14 
ϣ
˵ɽöֽӵݵк󣬿һۣ㽫һӣ漴תֱӱִ󲽳̤ȥ
һ·ߵſʱͣ½Ų΢΢ƫͷ֮˴ߴš
ǡðԵӣ꽫֮
ϵһɽһֽӣ
һ䣬ɾ̤ȥ
İԣһʱҧҧ
ߣһֻֽӣ뽫أҪǰ̧Σ˸̧֣ؼֻֽҳһɽļƣðʮֲˬ
ðֻֽһţֽ
Էǡţ족ļƣöԷĺĵòˣӣȥɣɽϰ߷ʩܹ֮ɳ顣
ǣһվݲ롰Сˡƽϣźߺᣬ鲻Ըĸȥ
˵˧̫ԶֵȴˣԼĪʱӡ
ϣģͬմӰؿһ㣬ϢȻԵĲͬ
ǼˣǼա¡㣬ԹԸɽɳ٣ı飬һִ飬ͦñͦ˿ȻһɽƬ̺󣬺ѥϣϥϣĿתű飬ֻʱʱ鷭ҳ
ֱͦˣά߸ϡĿ̬ǹɽЬ齣Ƭ̺òίԼʱϵ廨ЬһţҲ齣漴űһɡ
ɨ˶֮ˣƿȻƺû⵽ľٶ
ĿһƬֻֻֽ̺СֽμŪ˳ϸϸоš
ԿһֻۣһۿǸӵ״õǰϸϸоŷ־鷿Ϻõֽ۵ɣֽ˿񣬿νǧֽ۳ôСֱ
ּСͬһöԪСȵǺȤ
ϸϸȥиСζ̧ˣԭĸԲ˵ֽһ𣬴˸εġ֣Ȼ󽫷εĴķСӿˡмǸڡͷγһСӡ
Щգ
ɽЩ
ΪɽǸ̵ֻ򣬺־Ǹһʥϵӣȴ룬
Ҳǣɽԣͨ䡢һþʾף걻˳ǵһҲʵĺ󣬾Ҳ顢ڳ£ڰӡУˬ緢ȹԵȥԶ
ʱ䣬Ǳ仯
Ī꣬ʲôô
Ƭ̣ɨ˶֮һۣ˶٣½صС
ٿʱŷֽûӴӣ
˶٣ַһ˲õǱӾ̧ģ̧Ľӿǰ̧𲽵ģ

İ̧λСֽӱҲˣӰ̧̧֪Ͳøģ
ɼԷŪĵֶ˵ã
ɱڵĿ⸴ƵƵ
ɽĿˣȻˣ֪ιʣȴҲΣңȻͶ˱ϣβȴ䵽˲Զֻ˿סġϣĿƬ̡
ʱЬϴű̺̺οһǣͷ˿䣬¶һСذƵļ
Сȵλá
ССһأͷϸȳƣѩ·𴵵ơ
Ŀ⣬ƸܵĨϸĴС
ʱ֪ǾĿ⣬ΣȻֻֻ㳯ͷ΢΢һ˲䣬Ĩϸ㱻̺ˡ
ɽ΢΢±ֻɫջߣĿⶨ˱ϡ
Ƭ̺װ̧۳Ŷ濴һۡ
ֻڰŪеֻֽӣ֮٣ƺǡԵԵʡ
ɽȻһ̣Ȼһ
ֻƺֻЩָǽζ´£˲䣬žһ£ӱǸεġڡһѻֱ׹䵽ϵı̺ϣȻ˳ű̺һ·ꤹֱ䵽˹ɽűߡ
ɽɨ˽űǶڵصСӣһ
Ҳһ£͵̧ͷŶɽȥһַ̣СΣȴҲһ˲ˣֻܿһҧȻɿ콫䵽ɽűߵǸСһ޶˹ȥСӳšһ塣
ˮݺۼ
Сӱ³޸ˡ
깤󣬶ԷץǶСӳһأһϲȥú󱳶
·̼˯ˣ·𷽲ʲôûзƵġ
ɽ
ɽһӰһۣƬֿ̣һۣ漴üͷһԺֻ˶֣ס
Ҳɣ
µжţҲϿɣŮɵģ£Ψһ˵֪գ
ɽš
ȻƬ̺󣬲֪ΪΣʶĶһ֡֡ȻԺиһ̣ɽ֪뵽ʲôɫ΢䣬ֻ̲ססȭͷڴ£͵Ϳһ
΢Ƶͳ
漴ֽ̧ϵһȻŴ˸ˡ
ɫƬ̵Ĳڡ

ڹ˸ǰͣʱɽһ򽫾һǧפأظһʱ䣬мʮڽǰ
ǣǾĿĿɿڴһĻ
ֻȴûеһʱһ˷ΧĲǣǵɨһۣȥԽƿˣһֻ̣̽һұ˫ˣֻԷ΢ӣһƷ˿Զ䣬紵ţҡҷһһһһضʤա
ǵӰ̽ȴûеһʱǾŮǰֲ̧ȻŮǹźʱȴǵӰ䲻ĽֳŰһ̧ȴԽŮĲֱֻ߹쵽ǰβб۸һۣ·˵Ӽݣ
Ҳǹɽǰָֻʤյĵ֣΢飬Ƭ̣潫ӭ˹ȥӼݣ
ȻǵӰڴʱԥһƵģüƬ̺ʮ㽫ַǿȴҲָһ㣬һ߲ʵ̬
ɽȴ˫սֱס֣
һĻ΢΢ƳŽ¼üŪۡ
Ȼʮȴԭأ·ЩĿɿڴ
ֱɽתĿһɨ˸ǰƺƵһоĵϣǴľüͷһš
ʱŻ׷ϲ񣬼˷ܵǰΰݵӭƽ
˶٣
˭˵ţ
䲻ţǼǰϲô
˼꣬׵ڶձİ˧ÿҲŲһذݼ̫νһն˧ס˧ÿȥʱδйκκɫ
ʶ˼ҵˣŶŲɡ
ǣˡྴһĻʱǰֻЩҸУѸУ
ԣžǼ٣


15 
˵˼˰˧汲ǿʵľȡ鹣νպ磬󲻿ԡ
ĸѰǰĿȻͬ
ǰǰĿľ԰֣ķѵֹһɽɽ˵ŵģǹضǽ̻Ի͵ģ̨ͤ¥ɽˮʯ޲ɶṤƮƮɵġ
ðĿ˵ǴӽɽʯϵȵĺߣͤϵȵĽ˿ľɣ϶ˢŽžСһ̺ڴϵһʣϵһͨͨĳľҪôǳϰĽŶҪôǵϵȵմʦķ䴴ľƷ
ῤǺķ߰ݵһռʮĶʮ﷼ͥˣ乬е԰
ԱȿĽ̻Ի͡⽫ν͡
ᣬƶ񤣬ȫȫһָ
˧˰鹣ǲƶģ෴ΰׯ£˵⴦լʷǰԪԴĸۡһһһ¥һһɽһʯ͸ׯϡϽ
һ̤ۡйŨŨׯظкͳֱ˱Ƕ
һɴʷɱׯ¡
ۡſʯʨ⣬κζװˣȥĿ֮һƬһƬĿտͥԺԼ䳡ûлݣûɽʯȡ֮һܼܹһӣڻ𳵣ͥԺǰڷ⣬漸ʮϰֱչʾǰÿһ֧⣬࣬ǿһۣ⡣
䳡룬һ͵ı̨Ϥ۹η꣬ÿÿնҪڱ̨Ͻһء
ۡɱֻ֮ߣۡ˶಻գһ̤ˣòӴܷ磬ֻйӺֱӴӽųͷ
ڰڽｿˣʵͲģЩûš
ǣ˹˼Һ󲻾ãĵһ£ǽɽľҲǰ·ͷβװһ顣
ֻǰŸ̤뽫ţӶȻԴԴϵ㱻һһ̧˽Ҳˣйױ̨һž޴Ļ滨齣ǹֳִ߰˸׳̧һ·ӣֱ̣ȵ˼Ұϲʱ޲̣׷׽է಻ѡ
˶һнθ߹ŮǣƱǻעĿģݸ߹󣬶ĹּΪɭϣȾӪĸƵϡȴа顣
ɽ겻סˣ˴Ҳª»ҹ󣬴ǰȫ뿪ˣȥˣﻹȻŲٵ·Ĳ
񻨴ĴϲȻɫԷڼյ̨ȻС
ʵ˼ҵΪⳡ׼Ϊģִ̫٣¸̫һİƱزᵡ·ڵĴ齡齡磬ϸһҾ߰ڷţСһβ𹴣ʮġ
Ǹ֮ˣˣȻǰҵϲã·һ䲻ͬķͥᲢۣȴҲǿǿϤζ
ͥԺжʮУǹɽģϴģȫҵ
֮ǰ֮Щ϶̧һԵƫȥˣðۡ
˰óȤҪͷЩɶûЩõĹ
㵱˿䡣
룬һ򿪣ֻһͷһ鼮а仹򣬰Щ⣬һ򿪣ȻֻͷıīƧ벻ʶǵ֮߰˰ǰǸ֮ǰĹżм˵ƤϤĵþղغˡ
ЩƤǹɽϱ֮ԵղصĹż
һۣ㽫Сؾ˻ȥ·Żͷ
ڻʼѧԺѧǻѧҵѣػֻܵøҵȣȣЩѧйصһлʮ㾴ηģǲôȤѡ
Ƭִ̺һӣһʱ΢΢һ壬ֻһͷǰ֮ϡϡͷһЩЩ죬ǰǹɽٷͷЩҩ֮ƿƿ޹ޣиֽһЩɲҩ֥֮࣬ҩģ
Щ
Щš
Ҫ֪ĵطôֻܾôء
ٷͷƱ߽ʲôģ߱ʲôٷٷ
һʱЩеĴߴš
ţ⺮⻹ǡǵӱλŭٵٽô
Ҫ֪ӱĹǿν緢һʱͷ˵ؾվѩһ׵ٽᵶֱӼڴѩ񱼣;һ¥ʱ˲¥ľ¥׹ٽֱӴӺѪһԾͽֽӾ¥׹һѽס䵽ϡ
˵Ʈѩ£һĻþΪˡ
ٽ콫˾𺳡
ͷٹһĻĴŵģ߹ع͵͵ϼţ빬ʥҪ㵽׺͵͵һۣҪƣǺηʥ
һ󣬹֣ùͷСѾͷһ۷ˡ
û뵽ô󣬾ԽԽأ
¡Ƶ֮ʱʱڱ̨ϸɲǱȻĹɽֻˡ
̨ԣϿĻЩ£ǹɽֻۣһɫ¡
ʱ˼̧۳ԺſڿȥȻֻĹɽһ´󲽶ͦɣԾ
ǷŲһζδɢʱһ鷢ڴǣý˹ȥ羸˵ʲôһƽɫůӳϣ˫ڵͫ˲ɫԶԶȥֻɷλŭ꽫Ϊһˡ
һ£ǸЩƤġ
ʱʮ־˰ĿĿֻ̽ವһת˹˫ɫͫ˲ڣֱֱŰɨ
һתܿǵϬƵĿ⡣
ʱý¡Ѱ޹Űҡҡͷ
⵵ڼ䣬ɽȻ̤ߵ˰ǰ۱򿪵ɽüͷһɨѰ
İһתȥȴǾеļҩݣ˫Ŀһεʵʴˣ˺
Īǧ֥֮ģ
ֵǧ֣
͸һ˿
ȴɽɨ۰еĿݲݣҰҰڱ֮صУζۣ
ɽʵ˵ţϰһڴĿ⣬䲻ԣϣȴ̲סಹһ䣺ϲȥʱɳʡ
ɽ˵š
ȴһ㶡
һʱеѿݲݣٲȻľ
ԣǡĢ
ʲôǧ֥ǧҩģ
ɽԽǧͰʹһѡĢ
š
ˡ
ôܻĢأ
ĩˣȻЩļ̽ʣֻЦеôʡʴÿµٺ»Σ
Щ˼Ŀ̽ţȻһڴĿŹɽȴһİĻӦ
ɽϰһϣ˫ۣƺʶʲôһʱǡ
羸ԣ˳ıÿʳǧʮ
羸ֵߵߵ˵š
˺󣬳ɵˡ
ʮһꣿ
ţ䲻ǸƷ֥С٣ôǸһ֮ٺ»ôܻͳأ
ʮӣͷһͨӶֹʮӰô
̫꽫ָ˼ңĪָ˲ɣ
Уȥͷʵ۾˾飬øٵĻü
ʱһ࣬Ϊպƶӷ˳
˫εĿ˲ȥ
ΣһĿһֲ˹ɽ˶ʮ꣬ƽһαֻɽŴΣֻʣٺ»ͽɿˡ
˵գӻһͭ壬֣֣µͭ彻˰
Ȼһ󲽳ڿȥ
ﾲĵŵͭ壬Ѵľڷҡ
Σһ£ͭѵһڵأ֪䵽˺δ
Ȼѣֻİʹļ׵סĿڣʹ״ȴ죬Ѱ̫үŻѪķػٺ»ܶڱ죬ѰѰǽδһĿνټĸۡһγŵȥ
һʱͥԺң׷ѰϷ롣
ɽͷϷһĻһʱüĬĬ̾˿


16 
˵ɽڽպ󣬱ǰɽ½̫ظ
ȥգ·գںɽͣһա
ϤɽƫԶھǽĹɽϣҪ̣ԭһܻĹ´㣬±ɽ°չŽ
Żϰȥǵһµ¼Ψ̫ÿ궼ҪȥɽϵĺɽСס¡
˵Ǻɽµסݰ٣ǵ˼ҾһʦʮǰǳҵĴսЩɥȪȴտص˹ɽУһϰʮꡣ
ɽһз糾ͣص˼ʱѿ쵽˰ʱ֡
һʱ̽ӱȻظˣһϳԴʢװϯڸǰˡ
⻻һضׯĹװɫĴ̰ͬɫβȹȹޣ޶ž¼AĻƣԽߣ󲻿ԣе˶ׯвʧݡ
ֻ̫Ϊ˵͵겻ٳȻ˼ϵĴ;ʾ׵¼ʱ꣬Ȼ߾͵
̫λ̫Ϊ;أϦϣĵһ˶̫յ㣬̫ȥģʮ꣬һβ¹
Ǿء
ڽǰͣ£һʮᳵӵ̫ݲ
ɽ˺ɫǰ·ȺڴˣԶԶ̧۳һۣ⼸հװصŨزʱֿһۡ
ŷǰǣͯ漴Űλ
״Ҳӭ
˲һ볯ȥ
ʱֻӴȴ̽һֻغԲ֣Ƭ̺˫̽һԲʵԴǸʮӡ
Сûеһʱǣ˫Բ۾ĿһĿƵģգĿֱ׼ȷĳŰ̽
˫Բ˫۶ʱһ㶣ûϵ紫ǰ㾪Ϊˣֻ԰Ƴڳſڳãһһܡ
ʱɽ̧۵ĥʲô
һ˿䣬ȴ͸һ˿
СӱߴѣʱȴǷ߷߲ƽĵ˹ɽһ̶ۣݺݵһԲԵİһۣҧгݣһŵļơ
һ˫۰ӣֱӴ˳
ǵģ涼һ
żСӸСţƵģͷһ˿ĸ߸𣬴ڣ˸ӷΣЩغԲʵԺڣԲʶһԲֺڣƤ֣ŵڱ󣬱ĺ¶βڣЩСС˪Ϣ
С㲻ϣȴҲʵʵСԲһö
Ǽƣ޴󣬹ŻЩա
·԰ŹŨŨĵ⡣
СһСԲ͵һź޶ˣתƿӣͷ̫
ֻ̫һͷ߸һ˿һϮɫ̰ͬɫӣΪ֮ͨѰҸϵֲԶ٣ּԲøݣȫΨйһܷ飬κװΣһѰȻ߳ŲԶİ̽ȥʱżһ˫ۼΪǰǻۺʹȫŨһ˫ֻΪϬף·һܹ̽ƾһħ֣˫ǰԳԭˡ
̫ãԲΪؽһͷȴֻ̧ǹȱһ˻ߣ˸첲Ҫ֣ӹȵײһββһ·ŹϣֱȶˣȻͷſХ߷ɣ·Ҫһɳ죬Ϊͺ䡣
˲֪˲Ȼ͵ͷȣᣬһϴ´ϵ١
ݼĸ
ĸ۳»٣һ·ˣԺѱţĸ롣
˵̫һŰ˲аɫһݡ
Ѱȴ
̫ϥ³ÿʼٹ󸾣ھˣ׼棬ĸͻʵ۾˾𣬿ɲ֪ΪΣÿÿ̫ǰ̲סЩ¡
Լ˶ˣųûеѪζա
ǵʹߣ޶˵
̫Ŀڰ϶Ƭ̣ãͿˡ
ϲŭ
ϲ
Щ롣
˵գ㻺ͷȣһԵԲӲȥ
ԲӼ̫ɫ䵭Щ⣬ʱ

̫ȥıӰֻһܣǱǣ̫̫ƺ
Ҳǣһǿŵϱҳ׺ĵڶʰһԼĸۡк׺ԣ
䣬ʱĹɽ߰ա
ԣ֪ΪΣҲŷСһ㣬һǣ
͵͵ģͬӬ֮Ψ֮˷õ
һ䣬һ֮ȥˡ
޹ʱǣĹɽ
˵븮һֻ̧ۣ̫ѲټǾȣʵʮ̫̫
ߣʱһ٣ֻһ̫ڵСӾȻȥʱִһСƤӣüһɷģ
ԶԶľ˱ӣŰ׶ʲӿʲӹϵĸҲҪ㣬Ǹǰģ˧ŵ㽫޸Ǹ磬ߣ˰Ǹ磬㻹Ǹ磡
˵Сŭû̫ţһ·ܻĳ嵽˰ǰñָŽεεİһһŻš
һͷʧصСţ
ǰСţֿеƤӣһʱûס˸ۡ
ǲ£عӱӣǲŽһᡢݡ

ƣⶼǵڼأ
ڰлӣŰСͺУǹҵ使εεĻǶ䣬ⲻǰ䲻ðСţⶼˡ
ǰٺõģ˿Ҳ̲סЩҪֿˡ
ƣż죬˶鷳Ǹ¾鷳
ûһģĳЩ˵Ĺӡ
רӦġ
ֱ˭ã޸ô¾
һǧһεĽĳʺһ⡣
¡ƼԷڣ
һһʱһһŴЦҪӦʱʱһӹ
±ӣ
һֱ
һűµ鷳࣬ŶСţ˵š
΢΢ۣ䣬ɫ𣬾޶˺ˡ??
ǹ˼ҵĴˡ
Դһɲŭơ
ĪϵļƤ񣬲ŵˡ
Сţ΢΢һ£ЩȴȻҧأһִĵŰգ׾¾Ӷֻ࣬۽еıӳŵһӣһܹһѽס˹ɽı۰ҧװ
˶٣һպίǸ磬˧˵ҪȢģΪβȰһȢǲƯ˻ۣ㲻ϲϲ
СţһίıŹɽĸ첲ƴҡεġ
һҡλһ߲ŰĿ
ɽһʱššüҪ첲г£ûܵйԷĺƬ̺쿴İЩ
°ζ
ȴ룬ǵûгζЦеλСӣ治˼ǹҪǸģʲôĸ֮ý֮ԣҲܺ߰
һ˵ţһ˵ţһϵЦԽԽ󣬶ʱӺƭ䵥СƵģһĳ⣬̺ĳСӺ˵ʲôˣ޸Ǹ磬ǲɸĵʵˣԴ͵Ļ飬Ҳû⵨룬ôϲǸĻҵиȫķӣҪôţ㿴ôӣͷСϻɰȤҲϲҪǸΣ󱾿Сһ̷ǸΡ
һ˷ܵسС˵ţֻûˡ
һ䣬ͬƵģһȷɿؾ֣һ֣µر֤֤ⱾСڸͷƽƽ׽ƵģΣҪҪһ£
ķȰ˵ţʮֵĿȡ
˷ܵģӸӣ·ԷһͷƵġ
һ䣬һԵĹɽ׺
СţҲһʱԭأͺ֧֧᲻֪ηӦ
ûϵԷѹߡ


17 
ҡҲŲҪС
˵±ⷬһʱЩˡ
֧֧ðΣ϶ԷЦеЦʱʱӦ˹һʱͺŰ߳ŭĺһ䣬ߣҲŲҪС檣
ҧгݵ˵š
ȴѵǸСŶҲ𣿡
˵䣬ƻЦЦɨԱ߹ɽһۡ
ɽһԲĿ
ҲƬ̵ԥΣֻһҧ߳ŭҲСҲСҲС檣ҽ²Ųκ檣
ԣʱһϧǿɾΪˣԭȫһƬš
˵꣬̾˿
ϧ֮⡣
ȴǶԷҪ檣СպֻöԷò绨ȴЫǸ񶾵ŮˣһʱҧгݣָֻŰ㲻ҵǸ磬Ǹҵģ
һţӦ㣬ɽĸ첲ԽԽ
֪Լ˵ⷬûжٵʶɤӺţ׳ЩƵζ
ȴһʱЩЦԷǡ
ȻŶԷһԲͺһƬЩڣ͵ؿȥֺֺԲ͸һŶƻƵģҲδӦǾĪЦͻ
ͬʱһʱĬĬԲһûܼ޸ɽһǵһӸ磬ǰС椼޸ƱػֵǷա
Ļ棬붼þ֣˲䣬ʮŮɫһһԺˡ
ϧϧƲˣȻĿöٳϷˡ
ǻ̫ǺС椣ţûסһЦ
æ̧䣬棬ȻҲ˫ȴζڲס
⸱ģ뽪λεȡЦ˲ţֻݺݶ½ź޺ָŰһըë㡭Цʲô
£һϲ棬ϰС椣СţһɣǸţƤƵģβ˦ѵģּʱɫõʱ֣΢΢һΣḧ¶ͷһ֮ˡ
ŮӴæȥ鿴
ɽ״ɨཪһۣһһ֣
¼ɫֱܲһǧ꺮˪ʱ²ӣҧɿĸ첲
ɽĿ˽һۣ漴̤˹̧Ű˫ĿڰϸϸһȦа
ȴ̫Ѩ£ǸհؽЩ޷Ӧ
ȴʱ̲סڵҼҿһΪӭ̫׼æƬ̲ͣģæһյòֺò˵֪ç裬ѵǽĹزɣ
ǿÿܵû
ʱðС̲סǰһ䳰ȷ
˵˭֪ç
˲ٴըë
˭ž˭
Ҳá
ڶż䣬ʱɽһɫŶ潪ɨȥֻ㳳ɩɩˣڸڲڿǰСУ򡭡
˵䣬ɽǰİһѴűһɨ䵽˽ϣһһź򣡡
ɽ˵š
һ䣬ɽֱȱŰ󲽳ȥ
±ɽⷬѵѵˣƺûϵǸ羹˺棬ֶԴĵѵֻԭؾþûзӦ۳Ƿ޶˵ıӰ׷˹ȥûɩɩҵɩɩ޸ĸ޽㣬ɩɩ
ɤӽкš
ʱɽűİûƬɬ̧֣˫֣һѹ˹ɽĲϣһѽŹɽĲ漴°͵˹ɽɽ̵ļϣ漴ŸֻзƵģһ·ģŸĽЦеһЦϵЦԽԽ󣬻彪ƤգգۣȻ󻺻СĴָͷȻСĴָͷһ
㡪䡪ˡ
һʱﻹаַļơ
˵䣬ɽ΢΢Ŀβӡˡ΢ЦһԾʱ΢΢һ顣
¼һܵı˹ɽּƵգ۷Ц
һȳСĴָ˵ˣؼǣϻŴЦݣһ޺
Ҳ֪ΪΣµԭأֻͷƤ˲飬ӦһʱֽűһļƤ񣬶ʱŵ㡭װġ
ҧҧŹɽûʱһװģǡǹװġ
ȻɽȴδţŲδͣһ·ֱŰӡ
ԭأֱˡݺԩơĽ¶ʱţշ·ʵƵģû̲סֻ۵һﺰţҪرء
һʱһۿһܻܻ̫סıԷ
˵ǰһ̻һЦİڹɽصӵһ̣ɫವһ䣬漴ֻȻת䣬
һ䣬һ˦˱ǲϵ˫֡
֮죬ʤ
ɽԣüͷһδƵģûԸֻһ·Űһһ̤գСطĹϡ
˫ָɿһ˲䣬Źϴ˸ת
ȵɽֱʱѹ䵽˹Բࡣ
̧ͷͦأ죬΢̧°ͣһĿбӸ߸ϵĶһ̬࣬ؿʱڷϵ̬һ޶
ɽţһһ⣬ʱһʱӣڣ룬ԭĿбǶİ䲻һ˿ڣȴԣ֪ʲôô
Ȼڡ
ǳһĨ
ɽ΢
⻰⣿
Ȼصȴ䵽ˡϡ
Ȼûڣּǰ俪ڵ֪ǽ޸ĸΪ˾ȹǹ˼ҵĶ֮󣬹ʶʹԲѷ˱ǰҲûЩΣ桪
˵ƤһɨɨԶɽһۣһ棬̫һ棬Ҳһ棬ԣ£Ҳǵø
俪˵š
뷽ͷЦнȻͬ
ǣɽ֪ԭǳϷȻûܳĻ
һʱЩΡ
Ӧûؾһջ˾˱ȥһȥ˰Ӧڻؾĵһʱ䣬빬
ţȴڵӡ
룬һڣλ߸ϵĿһɨԱ»ؼǵôƽϣԱ񣡡
ЦһֱӶ˹ɽ仰
ɽһʱüģĿһ̧С뷽ʱЦеģֱˣ֪ΪΣͻȻЦһ¡
״Сøˣ·˵Цô
ɽٶȿڵҵ˼ǣھӪﳤӲ˧Ű裬˹պĿ޷ͣר裬ײĻֻܳαǣ⣬˼ɡ
ɽһһ䣬˵š
ˣɫԶ١
Դؾһ׮һ׮Ӱ顣
֮ʱһֻ廨Ь䣬͵͵Žţû֡
ɫʱ°ͳԶһ㣬̶ȹһ̧ưɨŹɽ
ɽ״תĽԾֻƴСɫ廨Ь
ּһ߸ϵĿ·˵ź
ɽʱüҡͷתֻ廨Ь˹ڰֻֽ࣬Ь˰ϡ
廨ЬССһֻƴС
СѾӸСССһ䣬иϸ塣
ɽһСѾ˲Ƶģһ˻ȥ
Ȼ°Ȼһۡ
һű㡭



18 
˵յ̫ıԷеġ
ǰڶ̫Ժţһǳ׺ĵڶգʱɹٹɽֱӳȥΣ̫밲ڱԷţֱӿĿ
˼ʵѪϡ裬ټͥҲһһ֦ҶïҹȻͬһнҪԴʮǰǳ˷ָսۣɹ֮ս
ǽὨʷУգҲһսۡ
˼Ͻ˺һսһഫʱɹЩʧأĸλͬʱҴ᷸νܵУǳսе˫˽򣬴ʮʨʣ޼ҷ˧ն˲ܣۿųŽҪ֮ʣ̫ҲǵոСĹ˷˵ǹƥƵзӪֱջ˵оݣ˺ʬ׶ء
һҹ֮䣬ҷƴǡ
գڹ˷˵Ĵ£ҷΪʤһٽоػ˴ʮ̫ƽʢ
˷Яֳӹһֱػڱ꣬Ӣ˲Ͻ֮£ҲĹ˧콫
ʶ̫Ѱܼ
լһǺպķһ˧˧
ǵɱ¾ʢ佥Щ̫ĳʳյļϣʳΪ̫ظ󣬻Ǽ˰ȡ
ĸ
ɽ̫Ϊ𾴡
˱Է󣬱Թȥ̫
Ǳ̫ģԹʵϵʮ׺
ɤôˣ
̫󣬰ҲŽ
̫λǹɽ£ڶ棬ŹɽҲŽ¡
ǻصԷ󣬽Ѿ侲̫״ˣ̫ǹʢΣֻߣν棬ܵóףԵ˰Ļ满ն񣬺ٴμʱ˷ŵצҶð˫ۣȴ˰ƵģݺݵζȻ˳ͬʱ˫ںڵһֱתţ֪ڴЩ⡣
һ̫˹ɽɤӵ쳣š
ɽԲɫĿలһۣ漴ɤӣ޴󰭡
˶٣ֻһ䣺Ǿ˻Щڴ
ɽ治ɫ˵š
ʱںȲ裬䲻ԣȡһЩǺһ¡
ڶûнڲһ
˰뱭裬ѹ¾
Ųɫ
ɽǺüδ̧ȻĿбӣϵĴĴָתһȦΧŴĴָϵָĦһȦ
Ƭ̺˵ݡ
Щ顣
޶˿ȥһƬδκɫ
ȴֲ֪ΪΣ֮Щֵֹġ
ԭⷬԻûʲô뵱ӱʱһˣǸϱ߻ҪһЩӦҲȻ
µעһֱ˰ϣûдǺ
ٶһһˡ
һ£̶Ŀڶ̽š
ĿλεģƷǵҪ̽Ȼɡ
͸׽Ƶġ
һʱ뵽Ǹ绹ûôˣͻһˣɤӾͻˣҲɤ⣬ϸϸȥͷЩɬ⣬ವһ뵽ǸǱǰŮ˽ݵģȥʲôʹͷ⣿
²֪Ů
һ£Ӧ˹ǡǸŮˣͷ׻ˡ
˲䣬˫ȼŭ
꾫
Ůˣ
ͽһСҪǸ粻ţ
ôô
Ǹ֮ģģǸСط˸ʲɽ֪δսġ
ڣʵ϶Ů˹ӿô죿
ߣһп϶ȫǸϻʵ۵ıѡ˸꾫ɲֱ屼Ǹô
ν
¼ʵÿҪðˡ
ſӵָ졣
µĿֱ̫ӣֱ̫ףֻû㽫ǸͷôˡǸ˿ڴǱ꾫਻˵ĶԲԡࡢֱӹ֮ˡ
΢
ûûŮ
ôһ񰡡
εģɱôһŪ˲˸ˡ
ʲôƵġ
С椺޲ó˹֪Էˣȴƫпԣ⵵¶֮ڿڡ
һʱ޲ӵ¶ݺݵ̧ŲһŲźá
ⶼЩʲô˵ǡ
̧ż䲻С°ͣҧѣʲô˿ڴ˵ͲҪ˵ô
۹۱ǣǹģԭ˵һĹ֪η顣
Щ
Ƭֻ̺̲ס̧˽ţֻƵѥһţŲѥϵһ˲䣬ɽ
һ̣ʹýżݺһ롣
ɽ䲻̧ȭͷڴߣ͵Ϳһ
üͷȻһ
ȴ˵һ治ɫ
Ŷʣ뱭裬ˣйˡ
ȻʱĿ⸴ٶٶɨţһ̣˸ٶˮľٶ
ǽ¶ˣĿһ󣬾䲻ͷһͣϵһ̣յ׳̽һ
Ŀڶ˽ӹ
·˵ʲô˵Ĺҵķۡ
ⶸȻһٶһʱð΢΢ֻۣЩɵˡ
⡭ӪͷģЩʲôţ
ʲôô
˵ϰ֮ˣĶ
ԣӵµһ
һ뽿Ůӣ֪Щư
ˣˡ
ǲǡأ
¶ʶʲô̫Ǳߡ
һʱѪӿ
ɱˣһɱ졣
㰵ţʱ
úš
ֻ̫䲻ڷ˻˵š
ûеա
ָ֪ǽ£ǰֻߡɽ
˿ӣɽ۹۱Ǳǹģһ˱鼦һһڻеľ׽ţߣʲô⡣
һ߰ǷһŰ
һʱһϸ˷׷Ļ̥
ѵþĵģһֱҪʱ̫һ˿ӣڵĲ¿Ѱ׵أ
һصˡ
Ĺɽ¿ӣˣʾձ±ټ
ɽȻ˵š
һССʵģɽݲͬҲпԭ
뻹ô
̫˼Ƭ̣ʵ
˵䣬ƿ˶氲һۡ
ĬĬţš
ɽһһա
̫Ե˵ͷδٶԣðա
˵ţ
Ҫȥʱɽȥ̫Źɽ˰֡
룬ڴʱѵһ죬̫ͬɽͷͽ֮һյ豭֪Ϊι䵽˵ϣ˼ꡣ
ͬʱǽһѿŵһŵԼ˿ڵָͷָָһ˹Ÿɷİ䲻̫͹ɽίĸ״ַ̫Ǹ磬Ҳ豭ײˣҸָͷأʹʹ
ԭ֮ǰǱλεġݺôҲҪۻۣ
Ǹǰݺô
ߣҲҪ̫Ƥݺ
ǽεεģǸǰô˭᣿
ǣѧš
һʵһںԲĹֺ͹ɽǰĴ촽ӣȻ󽿵εεĺʹʹʱ
ֻ̫ɽ˶һۡ
Ƭ̧̺ԶԶŽ¸߸ָϿһۣţð˿СѪӣʺС
˿Ƭ̣׷
Σ̫ĬĬͷһԲȥˡ
ɽҲһԲĬĬ̫ȥˡ
ü䣬һתֻʣȫһµĽ£һµİ
Ȼһ¡
ðΣһԼƫͷ죬죬ȥȥˣСϵ˿ڸˡ
£
±ȰҪ¡
ȻСһ͵һͨ죬̶һ߳ŭ
ģΪʲôǶң
¶ô
ԴҲ벻Եʡ


19 
˵ɽ˵飬͸˹Ƶģ϶ջټȻ˵ⷬ󣬴գͷ˿͡
ʱʱ磬̨£ղ֪ΪΣƸǣһߣӣԾԾԣǰΧ۵࣬Щ䳡ˡ
ˣ
ɽһڽڣ΢΢ˣͷ߸ȫ²һ˿װȻüбޣĺ·͸һϬĺ⣬Ź֮Ŀ˭ϣƾ˭̧֮ӡ
ĹͷҧŴã̲סɿ̧ۿ˶԰ǵΰӰһۣ·˼Сˡ˿ǡſԵʣ
Щš
ɽ˫һУĴ沿ವһڵ˫˲Ⱦ˰ֺһ˶ԷӰϡ
Էವһ½ͷһͣЩηĶϬĿ⡣
Σɽ˰ֻ֣뿤޹ء
˶٣ɽĿһ̧䳡ڶฮӹҴظģȥԸҴá
˵ţ΢΢һתֱú󱳶СȻѲٶˣֱһεҪôһһʰг٣Ҫôڴ˴ΪһѡһȥԼѡ񡣡
ɽ˵ţȻת䡣
еĸǾ񲿶ӣǾ׸ֻ߱ಿ֮£Ǵнνһ壬ǲ
һѵĹṶ̊
ǣеããҧҧū澡ūһŮ·ȥˡ
ɽԣ֪ѡ˫һ̧˷̨ܵһӣµĸǵֵǣ̨ʼˣտɲıԣտһ׮׵ıԣ̨ĪҪΪ˳һʱ֮£Ӯ˱Ҫ˼ҹ︺Ŷ
Ҳͷһ£ǼȤһ󣬿ʼ¹򣺡һʮ¡
в檡

ȡǰ׹ѡ
Ϣһ˲䳡һƬ
ѰıԳ˱ףƾĸἤܣ
忴ϷԾԾԣգ˵ĻУһľǸʮĸոձ˼Ҿ±ӡ
˵ëû룬Ｑɶ㻹أȻϸøĸǲǡ
˵н̨˲˵˵Ц
һʱ䳡ǴģνУòˡ
ɽ㱳֣Ȥֱȥˡ
δ
˵ʱİѣơźϴ
̫û밲ϰߣֻȥԷһһŶѣʶʡÿյĳ趨ѣҲðֵڡ
ÿ𣬸еı̨£ǽʮĹغϰߣǰԺ䳡ԺԶ״ԺȴַǷʱʱ˹ģԺˡ
֮ǰºڰǰǽµҩš
ϸǽ˷ָ֣Լ޲ɼ֡

ǰԺ˺£֣
ױ̨ǰüš
һ䣬ǰȥ̽Ѿͷ˽֮ǰӰǸ׹ˣڡ䳡Ϊѡ
СѾͷ˵ͨš
һ䣬üı΢΢һ١
ơҲЩ⡣
Ŷ
ʱеüһգβʱ˲䣬дת·ʮָȤô
ᣬ˻ˡ
Ѿͷ²˵ĸӮˣ޸ĸŶˣ˻ѡɴǰͷһ
ֽζ˵š
ȴߣǱˡ
˵ţ˱裬Ǹ׹ƿۣūȴòǸƲ硣
¶Ȼ˵š
ЩŶ´˻⣿
µūҲ˵һָо̫ڿ˰գһ뿤㽫´ɨһ飬һ˽ææ£ڿίʵЩͷܾǸǸЩ۵ġ
͸ǿŰƵġ
Ŷ¶
˵ţϡǵûصգҲ˵ôһ졣
Ƽ״͵µֱһ׼Ե޹ʶôĵ⡣
˶٣ֵе˵ԽƿŮӣԽҪΪʱһܹԼҲܹˣǸ׹ǲ븮ģһǸ˷ģ˳ȥҲá
侲˵ţҪȽƽࡣ
ǶЩ࿴ӴǼƳϢˣô
ĵĿţһ죬
ЦЦ
һʱ뵽ɽŮ׹ûô⣬˵ӦҲȷʵе˵⣬ҲȷʵûУÿøƽ׳ֵĹŮ顣
ȴҲȷʵôá
˵գ֪ôһ˵Ĵڣ䰲ײٸͽЦ
˵ڸǲõģԭ¿࣬Ԥڷԣա
ȴ֪ǹɽ䲻˸أ
ĪΪա
ߣҲЩ
̼䣬ʱ쾹ˣһ˵Ŀˣٴ빬̫Ҳÿһ빬˵òŮˣ
һϲЦտ˵š
һ̫ˣʱױ̨һ˵죬ź򱾿£Ҫ빬ĸʰ
˶٣ҪϲЩĸͰ̵ġ
ǻ˵š
͸ʱݰϲ
ɽһڣϰЦⷢĵȸԾȳ׵ջҪˡ
ɽһ١
ʱһ̧ۣĵϵЦݾ͸ϷƵģһ˲ʧˡ
ɽ
˵޶˴Ҵϴһ·󣬱Ϲ˼ҵŹڶȥ
ʮˡ
ÿ괺㣬عʱȲء
żؿСסãĸۡûʲôڲڵģȻСסܾùֵֹģǰһջʣһã빬ˡ
лĸļҡ
ڹ˼ңҲضá
ڣɽñֱɰء
ֻһۣƷ֥ٵĹٷ
һƷƷĹٷڹеǳƷࡣ
ȷʵһƷƷԱǴԱ֮ˣƷ֮ϵĹ˵ҲʮˣʮļûУһƷƷԱģǺӰ׻ΰԲ岮֮
ɽ꣬ٵˣʵ
ɽ˸˱ͦȱ˵Ӣֲʧ˵֮䣬ƤǲüüãëŨܣ䣬˫ͷһܽ˵Ŀڡ
ˣһҲǺÿġ
ˣȫ̽ɡš
Ϥڷ۳ƣòƵڶ˸ҳƵһǵӢŵڶ˸ŵһ֮ˣӹŮԣÿ˶й䣬Ψ͹ǣ˭ܻ顣
գ飬һԡ
Ϸԣû룬档
ɽǴݻòʵû˰
ǿŤĹϣûô
Ѱ빬ʥЩţͬ빬ǻؼң֮ˣֻһ˿аֽſԣ
ɽڻʼԺǻʱ빬ġ
һ·Էѵһ·ΪȤִܹعѵÿɡ
͵͵ﱸЩԤعСסЩʱգãסٳǱٺòˡ
ǣ֮࣬ѵ˿ڣȴǵ˵ö澴أ⡭ðգôҲǷӮģô㽫˴ˣ񲻿ϧ
һ۽ҧһڣ˵š
ɽԣɨһۣΪ⽫֪Ϊʱ
ǣ
Ϊ
Ϊͷ
Ųţ
ΪЩıˡ
ţȴ룬ʱʾ˵ӿǸѵһӣã
䳰ȷ
һ䣬ɽתڰϸϸһðҪ﷢ëˣǹɽһһòܼڿǰһ֣
ɽ˵š
ڿˣһǧ꾮ˮ˿κβ
Ӵ⡭ﵹѵ³ˣ˵ߣԿ̱ѵãѵã
ǣΥ֮ԡ
ΥģȴҲ
л˵
λյ༭֪ͨ19ҲһVʱ䡣
ǰ2ۣС䣬лҵ֧֣ôôա


20 
֪Ƿɶ³ôԵ, ðΪ泩һģ˼ϵ飬һ·ϰɫԶ, ѵûټˡ
ֱϲ, ٴϲ, ̫칬, ̫ĴŮ˪ںˡ
ū澰ݼ, ˴ˡ
˪ΰݡ
ɽ, Űһ, 
ǰһ 뿤үعΰݰ, Ҳνġšա
̫, ۽綼ĸߣϰϳ, ȴһµĶλүΪ, ΪĿУϵ, ΧԵȫǷ, ֮ƥеġ
ǰλٽ, , һٶ̽ӵвɶõĿܿģοòӢ, ݵλɱһƬ, һ, ǿڵġ
׮, ǵõ칬˵һϿ˵ġ
ȥǰȵ˪֣˪ĴȤ΢һ̶ۣȲ˪㣬ĸɺã밲ҹߣ
ȸԾţһʣ˪˶Ц
ĹɽҲ֣ݸ
˪̫߶ſ˵ú쿤ġ
˪Ȥš
ȴ졣
˪ɻԹ̫󣿡
Ҫ˵ôԭ̫̫ȥȻһ̧ۣȴɽվڲԶ˼Ŀּ˪һƬ࣬ɫЩƣ룬˼ľ뵡һݣû˶˼˪ˣ̧Ų칬ϡ
ɽ·Ҳ˰ļ
һ˲ĴҴҸϵ칬ʱŲವһͣԭصȺĹɽȵɽǰ֮ʣѵĳŹɽһ˲ţֱֱһۿȥǣһԸ»ޡ
ɽƫͷ˰һۡ
ᳶһĨЦŹɽ롣
ɽĿȴڰѻЦ϶Ƭ̡
·˪˺Ҳһ
˵һ̤칬ʱ̫ĺˡ
ʮ̫ͷȻҰˣûսӼ⳼ʱǰ¡ٵĳӣһʯɫͨӣ֯У֯ߣŰ˱ɽˮ΢٣θ߸𣬶ϴһʯɫĨ׺ͼƣʮҳĴ
̫Щ֣շƵģʴȣЦ⣬ԽԽȰͣЩɫã̬󣬾壬֪ǷˣɫЩף˿Щ̬ӡ
ɽһ۱ƳЩɫ
򵱼ûסۡ
ƣƣôˣôö˶˻ίˣôһعһҾͿʼˣҲ±˸ЦȥͷǸЦǸСްˡ
˵̫һȦֻ۾˲ƵģֺЦֺе˸ǰ΢΢ȤţôţĪǻ˷ңܿ㲻ɣʮˣѰģܵأĴģͷ֪ǱҸģһ׼ȡЦ˰ȥ
̫󽫰ڻֱ࣬ʮ죬˵Ҳûţֵ֪ĲˣӰ
ڻʱ̫͵ʮǰԼΨһŮʱĳİŮˣ󹬴ʲôûоȻʹһգѲһҹ׷ͺڷˣŮֱȥˣֻôСŮӤ
ʱСȰƴ˶٣ӤѲˣ̫ҽͷ󺹣Ψ־Ȳ
̫Ҳһ󲡣ú󣬼СŮӤһϢӹòһȴ·ŹӼ͵һֱдţƴΨһһѪ̫˾Խ̫ҽԺֱӴ򣬺ķµʱ䣬ڽǴСŮӤӹŹһ
Գ𣬾û뿪Ļν̫ԵӰ㰮ιġ
룬ţԽԽˮ飬ԽԽ᲻ͻعˣŽСһӡ
˵Ҳ˽ˡ
ɲǣɲ˸ȥ
̫ڻϤܰζȻҲһĨ޵ҩζ
µ΢΢߬˼֡
ȴߺ΢΢š
칬̫޹޹
ӳĸڸףʱÿ̫Ὣ칬գȻΨһҲһ̫ѡ
Ҳֻ̫ʱʱ̵̿СŮŽСƢ
Ǩŭš
ڸ̫Цڸĳ˵״
룬̫ȫסͷֻŰͷһģҲŲţᣬĸҿȥ
˶٣Це˼λ̫ǸģĸҲȥߣƣһƱ֪Ǹʵˣֻ۸ķϰա
̫˵ţŽͶ˹ɽϣ漴ܿ찲ŸɽŴӰŲϸϸ˹ɽһ⡣
ɽ󷽵ĸ̫
̫һΪ˷ʣžӵеï̬֮һ㣬Īʱ
˵ʵǲǹ˼ҺˣΪ˸ֱһƤҲǼõģǵãɴӱʥգʵۻ̾ǻʼҶɸöá
֪츳ͱͷλӶȲ
ʱ̫Ľˡ
˼ҶɽҪսģʮ佫Թõ³̫Ҳһֱ۶ƣڼϹ˼ҵļԺգ˶ȥˣֹһˣڹͷŲˣֱһ󲡺Ҳ֪ԸӹǽУҧҧոһٶ̽ɵ˸ǰ
ΪˣССŮСһ⣬ڣС߻ƫء
񣬷ԶԶһڣ˲Уɫů˱ԶԶȥһɾ°Ƕ̫֪ѡˡ
ʵ
ǡ
䲻̫⻰ûһڿˮ˳
Ǹʵˣ
⻰Ķ˻Űա
Ҫ֪򳡣ΧԳڵĵطﻹа㼡ķݣҲˣǵڻʼѧԺʱ̬߰Ⱥ츳û˼ްա
ʵʵ䣬ȫռˣȥأ
ʵʵ˻ûظͰͽ˸ˣʵڵǰҹ㽫˸ԸĨԵͷʣˣԸȴƨأʵҲһ㡭㽫۸ȥ
Ǻǡ
ЦҪͷ˳
ϰҧгݵİĿ⡣
ɽһʱӣû뵽һ빬̫ǰĴ״ţвңҺý빬ǰ罫β͸˸ɾˣȻָҪαǴأ
ŰĹĵַļƣɽЩΣΪ빬·ϣȻɨϰģŮײɵ²ñһ˰ա
Ȼ̫ʱɽȴΣΣңŲæżǷǵʱ֮е֮պصУ󡣡
ɽŹǻ˵˵꣬ģĳ̫Եİ˸Ҿ
˵ţаηӡ
һ
̫ǰҲʵ
֪װģ
̫ȴƵȤ
ǰеĴȻ˹У˵ֳ˲СĶҲš
ǰӢǺ빬밲ʱ򣬱صյĳԭչ˼ǺǸһȥİ˵ǺǶȥġ
Ϥֳһ£һ׮Ӱˡ
Ӣ˵飬ҲȤ
Ҳǣǲ֮ˣھʱⲻ˰ĽعҲΪ֮ԣˣʵ֮ģο̫һٸġ
רŰ״ˡ
ȻͰ͸ˡ
СǰģֻڡΡˡ
һʱЦʵ꣬ɻϰߣֵʵûʵȥǵȱ֮صģװ׵Сںü꣬ҪȻӺǶˡ
̫һϧš
׷˼ʱȤ¶ԼǱߵķ顣
˵ⲻðץ˰ѱҩ
ֻһŵĸ֪شϴЩϡ䱦ô
˸ӣһأʮ㡣
Ȼ̫ȤһĪǡǧ֥ɣ
̫룬˵š

޲ñ̫̫һڲźá
Ҫ˵ôأⶼ뵽һȥ
ʱĵһоҲǿǧ֥
ȻͰͺķǧר˻أҪ֪ɽͷһ飬ӱֻʣôСҰˣɲüֵǧ
ȴϡ
´ˣǧ֥ǼŸĢ˵ԶŸĢĸ˵ǲеģרŶأǣһ档
̫ǰ̭ĳˡ
̫һɽɶҲʹ˼ŸĢЩĿ⡣
һʱɻĿⲻɨͷɽ
ɽһǿᡱǿһȡЦĵģһ޲ð׿Χ۵ļơ
ɽ̧üëΣ̲סЩοڵϲʢ֥֥ڶвֻʪȸߣɽУҲ֥ȴѣʢһЩҩҲʢһЩ֮
ɽ渵һһΪ̫Ͱվš
ԭҪȹɽģû뵽ǽ˸һΣԣڵŪһ⣬ҫԼ֪ʶԨôڳЦªšѧʶ̼
һʱˡ
ҪַҲ̫֮ʡ
ʱֻǹɽһּۣڵʢ֮쳣һ΢ɽּ䲶׽ռеޣɽ˼գȴоζ쳣ǿŴŵԼɽģɽµĴԣϡζҩǿĹЧʺ֮ʳãڻؾ֮ǰɽɼһЩŴ˾
ɽһһ䣬˵š
ͳ˵ɣ޷ϣһֱҪô˵ȥĳ嶯
⻰˵̫꣬һЦŶô˵ɽڸʳõĿ
̫󵭵š
˿ɽת˰һۡ
컨һھʢУҲвѣһʱ컨壬һʱ̫ΪҪ׷ͺڷһˡ
ڣһʱ˼һҰݸȻˣϤ̫ںɽõģɽµסȥɽɻĲҩ
룬˼һҩ˰һҲ˾ա
ǹɽûּ䣬ΪĢ
ǺǣȤ
˼ʱ컨İ̺ۻδȫȻɢˡ
̫λεĴȤš
ɽһʱȭͷڴߣ͵ͿһûгϣȴҲûб粵Ĭϡ
һԵİ˵һ㶡
һʱ̧Ŀ⳯Զɽȥȴǹɽ˿˫ĿܹĿͦıڹߵ£Ͷ۽ǴһѰӰ
ë泤
γһĨнǻȣԶԶţЩԸеζ
ͦÿġ
һ£ãֻµĽëһȣë˫ڵ˫Ȼֱĳλ׽¡
һ£µ˻
Ƭ̡
΢΢һ͡
Ƕˡ
ȿȡ
Ǿʱô
ɽûɽ֣ΪΪɼһЩҩǿҰĢ
ԣҰĢΪɵģ
Ģ̫ү
ôôԸأ
˵ñȳûҪ
ĪǺ˵İգ
ʲôʱȽᵽôز
ûа
ǳɻ֮ǰǲģ
ڳɻ֮󣬾Ͷ˸ѣ˵һƵĻȻ͸Ƶģת֪Ϊˣ
ѵô󣬴ֻһҹԵöԷߵ޷
ߡ
Ųš
ֲЦˡ
Է̫ǰ̧ۣҲּɡ
һʱҭûټˡ
ϾԷˡȽᡰӣټ̭ɲʾÿ̱ˡ
ױҸ軵ˣ޶ٻۣиССֵģպЩʵӲ
˵ڰĢһ˵ĵɽ֮ʣ̫ɽѽһ׶ˡ
ˣҼǵȰ꣬ʱҲھǳģҼǵʱأǼǼС
˵ʱ̫˳š
һ̫ǰʱСʱĻʵۣʱʱĺعдӺӢӺӺ壬ͬƵģĻἰ
ɽ룬΢ԼǵСʱץʱץһֻͷЬ
ɽššü룬š
ͷЬʲô
һãȻ
룬̫ˣȴ˫һȥȡ
Ƭ̺˪ڣһصױϻȥһƻǶٱӤϷͼƤ࣬ױϻϵİٱӤͼȤɰϲ
˪״ϻ͵̫ǰ
̫𻤼ףϻӴ򿪣Ȼֻͷڷһ˫ͷЬ棬ͷúڡɫֹƳͷͷ棬ͷ֣۶ͺȤڡ
ּЬͷ˺ģë׵ë͸СϻԲƵģԶԶȥͷСϻȻ
ɰ
ǰˣ̲סЦۣ̲סϸָȥ˴ϻëϻĻ롣
̫󽫻ͷЬóһֻϸϸţ˪ʹ˸ɫ
˪ʣֻϻӴЬ˹ȥ͵˹ɽǰ
ɽϻĻͷЬһʱЦЦ
䣬ʣֻͷЬױϻ̫һϸϸͿš
˶˫ЬӶȤ
һʱֳ»룬յ̫ǰСʵĸ˫Ькγɣ
̫Ц˰һۣ㲻ǵأ㵱ץ񰡣ץġ
һ䣬ָָ̿ԶĹɽûǴĻ˫ЬӦġ
ԭʱеץ񣬶ǴӰٹټռľСòװ̫꣬󲻸Ҵ죬㰤Ұȥٹ٣ȥռǵľСץ
ץգ˺˹˫ͷЬ
û룬ʱСץθһСӹȥˣûһȤĶ
ǣСǹʱ˫ͷЬŸһڣ°㣬ŤŤ˹ȥһѽһֻͷЬקСˡ
˵ʱġ
ôţԭѾˡ
̫Це˵š
һ䣬̧ԶԶ˹ɽһۣЩζ룬ôȥˣǻǵ
̫ЦеĴȤš
ɽ΢ʱѿˣԼЩӡ󡣡
ɽصüΪٷ
ֻ̫ЦŽһֻ˰УȻģͻˣԸܰա
űԼеЬӣﻮһ˿
ʲôǵá
û룬ЩԵʡ
һʱ̲ס̧ԶԶŶ濴һۡ
ôʱɽҲ̧ۿ
иԶһֻͷЬԶԶһۣƬַ̺׷ײԼͬһջĿ⡣
ͷ䣬ʱǹɽ̫һۣ漴̫󣬱ǱҪټ΢£ÿ̫Тˡ
ɽ䲻˵š
̧ۿһۡ
̫Цŵƣһ˵ûûˣʵǱ㻹йҪ飬ȥա
ɽŸˡ
룬ɽǰŸߣ̫̲סҿ
ͷЬݸһԵ죬̫󸧱żԸͲӸ̫졣
룬̫󾹿ȳЩѪ
һʱ칬Щ
ŽеһĨںɫôһ˲䣬ֻһɵͷֱţ䣬
ԺһƬհס
졭̫ҽ
̫ҽ
żдһ
ȴ룬ʱ̫һ˹ֻ˪˰ֳ֣Żİֵɪɪĸǰ
ȴ߬ȭͷһֱֻˣҧ˪ѵùִ˪㣬Ҫȥ̫ҽڣϣ̣
̫СɷһƬһ˪ȥɣĪҪʵˡ
˪һ漴ȥˡ
˪һߣŸƵģЩһΣ漴Ȼ˹һ˹ȥ̫ɪɪ
⣬˪һɽڹδ뿪˪һɽǰȥ̫ҽˣ˵
˪ûϵɽǽ뿪ģһʱ̾Էˣ־̾ϸ糾
˪˪칬л˴ˡ
ɽŵԶԶһۣ̫أ˶٣ָĿڵɻã
̫󽡿⴫˪֪ԷһʣԶԽʣŻˡ
˶٣ֲһ䣬һֱ칬Ϥ̼Ҳˡ
ɽԣĬƬֳ̣Ŵһۣŵȥݼˣ£ֻǡ
˪˵ͷŹɽ˸ӡ
ɽŻȥ
ǻڹְңְǿн˹ȥ
ڣ̫޵οָп
ԭڶʮǰ̫Խϡ˹
ǻؾڼСڷֱ̫꣬Ψֶ֮϶㡰ǿС˹˼ҡ
Լʱ޶࣬Сߣǹеļλӹǣ𱰣˻ţСߣأ̫ĲôԶǰģΨһĲµľһˡ
Լִģӻųģ鲻ּͬϰʱɥĸڸ幬ң۳Ҳ׺񣬼ϹҼӣŵڴֱɣϲ̨棬̫Ըί˰ȥ
Ψһ˼ˡ
˼ŵ󣬼ּ򵥣ŵڣȻ˼ƫּҽɭϣҷټϵǻǿģδǹ˼ġ
Щ󣬵׽ԣ̫Щڣʵӹ˼Ұعġ
ʱ˼ǻؾڼ̫ǰ˸ϡ˹˼ңҲҪСһ˴߽ͷ룬⺢ӣһҲδȥֱӰᵽĿȥˡ
һֱҴţ֪ȥ
ҲǸţƢ
ﵱ껹Ҫ
Ƣɲá
˻Żá
û˻ţҪԿͷġ
̫һһڰǰ߶š
˶٣ֵǴ˷ؾھǵˣѸʵ۴кˣͲȥôԶεģھܱߣǽϸ֮أٻȥ
ĸ۳ţǹǸ̹ӣǸи֮ˣΪȴҲܹԣһѧʣҪѧſţ޹ȥ˵ӵĲ̫ӲȴҲ̫ܱ۸ȥȴҲ̫ˣ˵ףǵ˽˷ߵóá
֣յƣǸʲôµģǸСƢģǼͬģĸ㽻Ҳˡ
̫§Űһ׮һڰǰţ͸ڽƵġ
һҲûȥѿ޵
ˣĸҲЩˣ߰գĪҪǾõˣȥúõعСȥúãĸɱʲôġ
̫Ųסʼĸˡ
§̫ߣֻʵĶҲȥҪؼңҪסڼ
̫˫Ҳ΢΢һ죬ȴվһݣԸϳȥްٻ빬
˵ɽĵʱֻӰ칬ĺʯһ׽ϣССһš
Ůһһ̵ԶԶһ࣬ȴҿ
һϳģЩ
ɽ˹ȥЩٶ۵Ļ̧ͷһ˫ͨͨ˲ۡ
ɽĿһ٣Ƭֻ̺΢ƣڰ滺
Էȴ֣ɿסԼ˫ۡ
ɽڰ۾ϵֻҿ˶٣ֻеӣ覵һһ
˲䣬һӨžһ׹ţֱӹ䵽˹ɽһƬ
л˵
峯ӢڻͷЬժ԰ٶд
λVǰ5ۣСŶл֧֣ôô


21 
˵使С, ȴһ̨֮ϣɽֱ̨֮£ʶߵͲͬȴദһˮƽϡ

ɽֻֽҿ
һֻ, ʳָ, һʳָ, ĹβŰ, һһ¡
Ỻϸ, , ·ԴϵȵƷ
һ, ܿʧ
̧۶ؿͻȻǰ, ɫ΢΢
Žܡ˫
Ŀĵһҹ, غĴţ˹
, ߱ʱʱ˵䡣
佥, ʱʱڷһᲢۡ
ȴǳķ
䲻ǳλȴٲȻϳ˻ĸ, ϵһˡ
һѪ, ޸, ȴעһˡ
ԼĪڶʮǰ, ĸӹǽж񻯵ʵǰȾ컨󣬻ĸӱѽǰô, ̫ҽ˵η, ̫ʱѸ, Ŀ, ֻܿЩҩĻ߲Ʒš
һ̫̼꼸¶档
ֱǰЩ㵽˹ǽҪؾְĴӺ̫ǰϡ˹Ҫ򷢻ع˼ҡ
֪ĸһҪ׵ҲĸΪġ
ȻаĽ
һ簮ˣ˵Ͳͷ
ķ
ɽĸɫǲǼã
Ȼʱ˿̣ãȻʱ򣬿ˣǰʱץס˸ľƵģҪץס
һϣĳš
ʱ˫ͨ죬ͷһ
˫ʪģͷһƬ峺ס
רעĸɾ
ɽ
ֱĴ
һײܳƺ䡣
ɽĶ΢΢һ٣Ƭ̺Ŀص˵ͷš
κη֮ɫ˳ټЩº͡
˵ţ²˲䣬ȴ˺ü飬ȻûܲøɾɽһԭһöСС룬Сɫ·޷
ɽָȥһʱֹסˡ
֪ɽǸ˵һ֮ˣͷʱæ׷ʵǡǻĸǲǿԻһꣿ
Сؿ
ѵЩɡ
ɽٴο조šһٴε˵ͷ
õ϶Ļش𣬷·ͱ˵Ƶģľˣ˲䣬תΪϲЦҲãĸĿԳء
ЦЦ䡣
ɽ峺˫￴ԼĵӰֻٶ΢΢һƬ̺Ҳ֮һ漴Ű̽һֻ֣ˣˣ߰գáؼˡ
ɽŰ͵͵˵š
䲻ؼҡʱɫƶһ£ֿ쵽ǰֻƣִֺô󣬶˶٣ֻģá
ɽ˳ǣŰվƬ̺󣬷޶˳ʱ·һһ绺ȥ
Ƽ״֮࣬ȴһ
˶һۣԶԶȥ
˵ճ칬ĴԶԶ˾ţڵˣԷԼĪʮ꣬һݣһ£Ӱ𪵽͸üŨңȴһԵĮϢ
ԭԭһǰӭ

Ӻ壬ѴӷŻ㱵˼˹ȥڴˣΪβȥ
˵عˡ
˵䣬˰һۣ˫΢죬һʱüɨ˰ԵĹɽһۣɽӡ
峯ŹɽĮĵͷƬַ̺Ӧ˹Դ̫ԵʣŹɽ򡣡
ɽЩĿһۡ
Ѵ˻أ䵽˰ϣû˵
ݵͼȴĸӺ߹عĸӵĸһŮӳĸѲӵʹñߣʶ˱
һܳ裬ݱĻӣӹǱȲһó̫࣬ʶڹеĴΪѣҲһЩ顣
̫谮ͬżշʹӴӲκ˷һ
̫ɻã
˫ͨ죬š
̫ﱲڶ࣬һܳĻӣʵҲ˼ǿڰķϣżȴ飬ر硣
̫ˣδʸ
֪ģᵽ̫󣬰ɫƬѹ˶٣ֻӵҲڵЩտ칬иʲôز˸š
һһš
ͷ
׽ܰ㣬ϵãһ󣬰崩ᣬԶԶ̽̽޸̫棬ʵ֮ǰǸˣǸ˵ЩûˣԺʱչ㣿
š
ʸλɹǲԸӵģȴְڶԷݲܣһֱ͵ˣƹˤ
ʱʱˣûü¶š
ȴֻɫĮҲҪ㡭ĪҪΪҷˡ
ȴûаɲУ̶ܸ顣
ؼǣѡĺãұۡ
Щ£ͷƷкõģλĲ鲻ԸҲǿѡ
ܶڵ⺮Ƭ̣ɫˣ򷢺ȥ顣
ˣع⼸ڹ
ǰλͬԵ߹̲סһ졣
߹̫ȥȥˡ
˵ͷĵѹˣѹֽ빬ˣû鷳
һֱԶˣĹɽԶԶͷһֻۣĺһֱԭأһĿԶȥ
˱ͦȻλӽȻͬ
ɽĿһջĿ⡣
˵»صʱѽȶ±ԭǸģ߸ϲһİˡ
Ʋڹеʧ̬ѹ
ظʱȻʱ䡣
´ʱŲˣһŤͷѾߺȥš
ֵҾ˵ˣǲڹţҺǰˡ
˵佶ӭȥ
һ£С£촫ţǼұҪˡ
ĬĬʿˮͰʹߴš
ЦŵȥˣЩüڹӵĵ档
ɽʱȴ䲻ŰϴЩҰأ
һɵ
ɽͷȥȡ
˵䣬ɽת̤ӡ
Ƭ̺󣬳ﲻˣȴʳһһĲ𣬻ʲô밡ʲôġ
һͷСȫˡ
Ҳòԡ
֪׷˺¡
ʱһĢ˳ʱɽȥȴǻһͷֻһɫȴֽˣϵѥҲƽصЬģڶͷϰ˸ɫĨӢм䳡ļơ
һ㽫ǲɢȥֳŰˣȳڵĵ档
˵䣬ǰĢн˹ȥֱߵͥԺ룬ӣֱӽľͷԺдһһǼܣȻż֧һڹӡ˸
ǵģЩĢˮˣֽոմӳȥëֱӷĭȥһˮĢ󣬱㽫Ģ뼦һͬ
ţƼ
кܿ
ФƬ̹һŨŨļζһҰŨζ㽥ӹð˳˱Ƕ
ԭأź֪֣ԭɽڡĢԣ
֪ʵð֡⡣
ɽĢԣ
¶ôôЩ˼أ
˵ԶԶֻǹɽɾ䣬һֱƿľͷ׮ϣûǯķţôŪ£಴˼֣ʱ־ǰԲľͷ׮һľͷ׮ӱķ˿Ȼ󿴵ֽĲдš
๾࡭
еļĢʱݡ
һūȫģȥԶĵطǽйΣյĵطԳˣ⣬ҲǽʳΧţ㡭档
ɽ䣬ᡭĢ
ĺӴ
ʲôᡣ
ؼǣĢһһЩ·
ţ㡣
㰡
֪ǷǶˣǱǰһĻ˲ζ
öӿʼ๾
ĬĬ˿ڿˮ̲סΧڹת
ĬĬ߶š
ԺѾҲȫζ˹


22 
𣿡
Կ𣿡
ʲôʱԳ԰
˵, ɽקȹڣֻСĸƵģһȺСŮͥԺⲽţ·ʲôʮֺƵ, һչȥζ, һչ̽̽û, 汦Ƶ, һչһ⡣
ɽʱӣʱʿˮ, һȲģ, һʱü, Щεٵȵ, ԼĪһҡ
ɽ̼гЩ, ΪС
ˣʱü, , Ҫôá˶٣żð̵ĹԶԶ̽һ, ô, ᲻ȫ˰
ЩƵġ
ɽԶԶʿˮİ, һʱҡҡͷ, ˵ŻҪһӣȴȡһöССĵӣȥ, ʢС, ַԭϯ, ԶԶŰ, ζΡ
ɽ͸СèСƵģкŰ
ɽ֣˼ô࣬ʱߵ˹ȥڹɽǰȻԾԾԵĽСн˹ȥ͸ӱ͵ĹƷǰʥһϡ
ɽ㶯΢顣
СļĢôһСڣȴǽƽɫ֭Щ壬Ȼ˱ǣõļɫⲻͬ
ȲССڳһڡ
֭Щ̣Щ⡣
Ȼڼ֭ȴ˼ôˣֻЩȡ
Žƽƣģȴ˿壬ʮŨ㣬ΨҰζȫкˣֻйӼŨ㣬ְŹҰЩͷˡ
ǸóԵġ
ԹĢζһ
ʵඥ޲ýͷˡ
һڳˣǷ̫ٵԵʣոսζٹˣûȫ˾ûˣԽˣһʱͷЩδ
һʱŵ۰Ͱ͵ĿŹɽ
ɽȴɷ˵Ľӳ˻ȥԹԵȥ
Ұˣֶӡ
б
š
С
ǹɽһۣСŹɽ
ɽ䵭ƳһۣΣе֭๾ðݣһƬڣһֻᶥϷţɽֻֽҨ˳Ҩ˵漴ŰǰһݣȥǱԼаա
һ콫򷢡ߣĪҪ롱ζ
ŵļȴһ¡
ɡЩͷôԣ
ûгԹκιͷ
㣬ŮǵģԼֻԼ⣬⣬Ů˺һСһСġ
ǡĳգ
򣬼ţͷЩ٣ڹЩǲ֮øɸɾķ̫ܳۡ
ðɣʵļѼ١
ʶɽžȤ
йͷɾЩΪˡ
һʱֻЩ޲ߡ
ʱýµ˽ڵĽΰ˳һ˰齰˳һһڷͥԺУٽһӦߡġӶ׷װϤװ˻ݡ
̷ЩŮҲ˾µϰߡ
żص˰ϣƵūȥǡ
ȴãҪԿС
ɽĢˣ򶼲У

ŲƲ
һʱõｨ裬ƽɾĽӵֻֻʮָͷϸϸµĲ˸ɸɾֶڰϣǹ̵ļˣųֱСֱͦˣʮĴָʳָӵ
ĴָʳָʥׯϵĶһһС̧ԼĸǰȻָСؽ̧Լߣٽһһ㻺յ˼ϣ˹˹ġ̵ҧһڡ
㡣
ôҧ
ıҧǼʱ˲Ŵļ⽫ıŰΧˣڱ㳢һŴŴļζ
ǻûȫ͸ԵʣˣɹͷȴʮֽʵӴЩι̣ڰҧ⣬ȴ
ҧ˼ڣûҧգʹʹҧñ漴ĸָͷһžһ£ڳɹһ˿⣬Ȼļȴ˲ĸָͷл˳ȥһֱӷԾһ֮ġ̿
̣̼𿾵죬˲䣬һС̿

ﻹһ˿ļ⣬˿ĸָͷֿ˿Զ̿Ľ̿ڼᣬһ£̶৵һ£ͺһƬ
߰˲ĹɽһֱǴϥϣһʱ𣬳̫ѨƬ̺󣬽ŷ򻺻һתĬĬָס
װûп
ûۿ
ͥԺŮҲһ£漴Ҳһ۹۱ǣǹģȫԼͬʮĬװûƼⶪ˵һĻ


һʱͺ޲ýڳȫɱˡ
Ҫ֪Ϊ̬Ϊׯİ
ɵ깬ϸǵйԽ̵ġ
ⱲӶҪٿˡ
Ҫȫݡȫɱٽǵĳȫˣ
ģ
򼦳һ£ˣЩֱˣҲǰ
һӺ󣬹ɽˣֻڵЩ̿ţһԡЩƲ֣ȴָ֧߰Ÿ߹ͷ­Ҳһˡ
ɽǣֻЩЦһʱʢһʹŰȥ
롣
ɽӲӵֵ֭˰ǰ
Ƴۣ·ЩûдӷŶĻֻ߳ЩĨ棬̧̧°͵Ѿˡ
˵š
˵һɸ߹󡢲ʳ˼̻
ɽͷһۣ룬΢ײ³ɷͿ͸
ɽԼݡ
Ȱ˵š
Ȼ⻰߹İΪѵĿ˹ɽһۣƳ˵ݵǰ硢Ӳӵ֭ʿˮĳ嶯ĵðɡ
ǿЩ
˵ţŽ뵭˹
Ũ֭ЩҰѾˣһãһֱ֭ܽżоŨôССһ
ֵǹɽԶϻʲôҲʹôЩĢû뵽˼ζŨý
úȡ
ʹ֣ССڵسţȴҲܿһС롣
ǹɽЩˣֺܿһ룬ԺŮǷʳ˰ܿ죬֭˵ס
ſ˳˼֡
־ɽǰϯض·ӳ죬˵ڶ󣬱Ҳʵû뵽㾹ղˣȥѧô
˶٣ֵ칬˵ɽ֣ô
룬ҨţһСһСں
һߺһߺš
ɽǵþǰԹʱǶҰζô
ɽ䲻š
ǰ
Թ
ʲôϵ
һɡ
˶٣룬
Ŷǰǹɽӱջĵһ꣬һȥԹԣϤʮǾ֣һ֮һͷһٶҰ
˵Թƣ·һͷ⣬Ҳֵһ⣬ؽˣֵһ̰⡣
ҰʽۣЩ¡
ǴԹ֮Уǿν˷ͷ
ǴԹ֮иʲôϵʱ̲ס֮˿һۣȴԷǷĲ͸ŹѱߵĮ̬
Ƭ̣Ӧ˹
ŶԷ˼ǣھǰͻˡ
Уͻֱ˵
ţλ԰ڵζ
ö֮ĲҪ
У
Ʋ졣
ĢǺúȵġ
һʱ̵ĺĢ̧ۿǰһĻĻ˹ͷĻĸȻûĸİŻҲûôðգĬƬ̣䲻ɽ
͵˵ţ˶٣ĸҺúøӡ
Ȼ˵Ļ
ϡƽ͸ҳ㣬˵ͨĻ
ɽ΢΢һ٣ۿ
ȴʱ룬ڵͷһһں룬Ҳ̧ۻӭĿ⣬Ҳãǻġ
Źɽһһ˵š
ᣬȴǰδеʽ
ɽҲŰ
ʱ֭๾ķ
Զ̿ð
˶ţãɽ죬á
ͬᣬҲͬӡ
һ䣬˷׷ײԼͬջĿ⣬봹ĿԾĵĺ
ԶƾӣֱŵҪѧ
һָš
ææ֪æʲô
ͥԺְ֣
ȴչմá
룬ѵþʱ̣ŵһͥԺȻ
ڸʲô
ͬ׵ԺȻ׷̧ۿȥֻ²֪ʱ˲ſڣһ߳̽ţһӵڳʲô
ǱԶԶġ
һ·ӿ˽
״ǷӦ죬˳ɽ䣬Сߴٵ죬콫ʣ֭ͳͳʢϡ
ͬзƵģֺ̤˽ͥԺĳ˲䷴Ӧ˹·ʲô˲ܻðɵǸ磬㡭㾹ڸͷС
һʱҧҧ˶ŵ㿪Сң
¿ͥԺĹư裬˲ˡ
뵱ڱʱ֪Ǹ翪ٻСˡ
ˣǸ羹ôŮ͵͵ŪԵģ
˲öŷ衣
״ȴֻЦУһ죬콫ʣµļƨɺͼצӶСʢϣǽͬСһͬգ
ָŹһЩʣЦе˵ţһ顱͡󷽡
Ȼˣȴ˲ŲԼƨɺͼצӣ
ͷð̵ųԼƨɣȫҳԼƨɣ
һʱƳɽ·˵㿴ҡ
ɽ

л˵
λĸ11ˡ
˵ɽװxͣһ䣬


23 
˵Դմӹл, ã´ˣɽξ׸һְ, ٰƷ, , ֱһԾ˾ǵĸĸ١
ɽҲЩ⡣
Ҫ֪ǵĸĸٸԴĸĸٿɲͬ, Ʒ䲻Ÿһελ, ʵȨ, Ƿ
ɽǼҫ, ȴҲû뵽, 
Ҫ֪, ڴʮĳв
Ҫ֪ͬһͬȡ״ԪɺͰ, 񶼻ںԺء
ְλ䵽κһλŸճé®Ա, һ׼˵Ȱɣ, ˼񡭡, ײͬ
˼ʮνΪ˺, ԵĲ˵, ˵ʮǰǳɹ֮ս˼жЩűȫѪɳ, ǺպϹ˺, Ҳսɳ, ˴ᵱ׳ʧź, ˼һι˼ҺˣƺҲ
οǹɽȢ˰̫һϵټϹ˼ǶȷʵĲȻԣ˲ɶõĶ֮š
Ҳ˺ɣ´˾٣ǿù˼ң˼ңãֺʽǧӱٻƤӵ¿ţȴΪˡΣ
֮ģܲ⡣
ǺӵǶڶ߹ѧ֮ʣͬĹɽˣɾһѷǸĸŬʮĳɾͣʶһӵȣȫбڵһִڣ
ɽԴھ׸κ쳣æµʱʱ飬һտӰҲѰ֮¡
һССľ׸Ҳôæµô
Ҫ֪Ǳ£칬ʱ嶼ܿأĪǱȻʵۻæɣ
Դճ칬ͷĵģûдκϢûϢ԰˵ǺϢ
һתۣʱһΣµס
ϱҪˡ
пʼΪ׼æµ
˼٣ȴҲŲףǸӴļ壬լУȻڹǸа˰٣ټϹ˼Ҵ꣬һ֦Ҷïİ֦ѾĩѺᴩ䣬佫ûв˼մߵģҪôǹ˼ҾɲҪôǾʶ
䣬˼ؾǰݻ˶ﲻ
̫뽫еϣʶӹУլԺ϶罫ΨӦԵʣίˡ
̫ȴҲδǿ
һڹ˼ңһʵ˹ʵĲٳô̫塢ƼҶ꣬ۡþ谲ô֣ôһűģôҲůůܱʹǣ
ȲȱǮֲλݣɢ֮ˣֻϲʵ
Ȼôڣô
¶ʮˣ˵Dʮ硣
Ȼǰ
һ磬ŷãŮͨǶλС絽ˡ
ŶϻӦϣ˷ҪǶλμӵD硣
ͷɫΪǶλ;ҵеͺҵ˼ҵ·ԼĪʱŮӳϴһʱһʱ㳤̫ŷǶλСǱѵˣˣ
ţδҲ̫ŻѪĽ˰ա
ɴ˿ɼ֮ڿŵľľжѰլŮӣŬز
ڱͳŹİʵЩ޷ģʲôıı˺д˵뷨Ըʵ͵ģϾߴߣˮʹ֮顣
ϴһȥԷߴٽ£һ½½ȥ
ǵģ˷һˡ
ʮˣǰɽνҲǽµĶ˻뾩͵̫ǰź˵ź򣬿˭֪Ե곤䣬͵˼ң̫Ѱһµġ
һµദ뽪¶ﰵｻ˺ɱأػ԰ȡʤ¾һرҲûռս߽һ¹ȥˣҲڽήˣѲԭôŰˡ
Ϊһ̲裬ð̹֣İģȫӮ
Ǹǰװίװ޹װˣװȣװøƵģ¼䣬ӻΰΣһ̱ҪһͷƵģҪôܵǸţһ󱣻ļƣҪôһðɣҵĴĪҪˡ޹ƣÿÿˣƫֱЦеĿڳҫ㣬ÿÿý඼Ҫըˡ
ƫƫÿһΣǸǷֲ̲衢Ŀ
ֻһ˿õ
ڣÿΰĶ
һ࣬ÿÿȴˡ
ΪսľóһۣǱǣĵģ㲻Ӯ
ճǸ粻ڵҹ͵͵ǱǵӣڰǸŮԴϣݺݵؽһ٣ȻҲûˡ
ߣ˭Լˡ
ңһ˿ƵĴǾǣڽеģǰͲȥƣȻٽè㶺ŪţԴﵽĽơʱĿġ
ԣǸӣģ
֣һʱᡣ
ǣŲԸ
ò̫ķԸ£ҷɫȹӣͷ棬Ƕ԰ŮԶˡ
ֻ°Ů˻ȡЦ
ˢøƨƵģϲˡ
Ҷϰ
֪ͲЩʲȹˡ
ﾲĵģȫһԲڿӣýζ񡢹նЩţڣѵþĵġ
ڣе·ͲסӵĹЩסˣɿˣȴ̲סʵý㣬ôû򣬽򡭡ýȥϾǿ硣
̲סͰš
һ˫΢תһ˼ȫȻϣǡ
ǣڿϣȥʱƫ˸ոջظĹǡ
һ۵ӱԶԶȻߴͣͬһïܵĲ壬ʢˣ߹Ƕ鷿ǷӵĹŻеһó
ġңɼ
һ̣׻㡣
Ҳ֪Լôˣ˶ߵˣͣ͸ҪƵġ
ԣλǡǣý
ǰǻʵǼģֻǻСʮһ꣬ʱľǵһӡвǸǸƺţֱһ̣һԺвŽĳΡ
գһΪܹٴμȴ룬ͷβûп˵ߵ˴̽ȴûһ˻Ӧ
̣̲סʳ˿ڡ
ȴһ֡
Ůߣµķҡ
һ۹գһʱЩ⣬ʲô
ԭʱͷһʱ˾һ´Ҵң͸˼ѪƵģҪ֮ʣʱ룬ȴһԲĽ¸ȥֻವһ½ת˹ȥֻ۾͸֧Ƶģһ䳯ŶĹȥߣǸʲô¶һλôǵǸʱôСӣļҵģʲôʱôһˣô֪ߣҳԣ˵ϵɱʣ
°ȰȰȵָŹյıֱӿţ˳ʮ㣬ôƵĿռͷʱһԵİ䶼ˡ
Ľ¡ƶ˶ʶԶ֡
ĹռλһֱһԲԭΪǸԴǵģȴ롪
˶ˡ
ײǸƲ磬ǽ¡֡һ죬·ֱһڽˡ
һʱͺ棬֧֧ᱻԶԡ
һԵĹҲһºˡ
¼ˣʱһֻԼɨӣϾǰǱߵˡ
һͨڰһµı񣬱һµĻ飬·һ̳׳죬üˡ
һʱ̧°ͣЩĿİ
ȴŮ˾һ˫۾ĿһġĤݣĤݣ
ʲô
һʱĨ񿴵ЩëðһϸϸܵļƤĵʲô
ǣ·ֳװ
ԼĪӺڵ
ǵµĸֵܣȻ谮ĺӣǵʸ뵱λ֮ˣзأפطأÿβ뾩ʱСס¡
Dӧڷسǰ뾩ʱڻʼԺʱ밲ʶɱమ꣬־Ӷ࣬ȴҲһֱ϶ϵ
ʵ˵𵤕DǸйµˡ
ĸصĸۡɲ˽⣬ͣһ֮°ᵽǵģֻߣͻؾġӣ
Ͼǰؾʱ̫ϥµ׵ܸܵ˷أ
ò磬ʱͥˡ
֪Dųⳡ磬Ǳ°һ绹Ҫְա
һʱר̺ݡ
D֪ض࣬ôҪ̣רŰһŮϽӴһˣϿӭū澰ݼͰãһֱרſˣū澹˺öˣͷ룡
Це˵š
һֲۣǲżʲô˶٣ֵǿβͳĶأ
Ȥš
Цðͷˡ
ԭھ᳤βһ˵˵βԽԽ𣬹ʶ֮ʱϷβͶ೤ˣ֮ġ
˵䣬һɺţ̤ţҪʱʱԶԶĻţ
Ųһ٣ˡСͯƵԶԶյǰ˵չѴϣգһСĹ濤һ
Сͯһ
Сͯһ䣬⼸û⣬ȻȻƼСϾʷ׳ʵɫ
ֻ΢΢һΣ˳ԭǰСͯǹɽͯ
ؽܹȡ
Щ죬в֡
ðǣӴºأæ֪æ͵أʲô˹ר
Ʋ죬һ̣˹뵽˰ա
գûֳͨ˺ͷЩ¶հָıӴ˰ա
ߣǳ˼ּԵ
ţȴ֪ˡ
˵ţһۣСͯ͡
СͯյЩ˶٣ûߣԭأ֧֧ʲôˡ˻ʣò
СͯͰ˵š

ɶ˼
һʱûף
ӦԼ벻գ㲻ʲôò
һһʱüǼҴ׼˼
С֧֧ͯԭ˵
СͯʲţҲЩ״˵˼ֻ˵ͣһ䣺벻
ԭдż֡顱Ļ˴ˣմ밲ĶʱȴŤŤˣΪ棬ΪȻΪæء
һʱһ
мӣ
ʱѵ˰·ĹɽеĪˣȻ˹ӲõġԤС


24 
˵Сͯôһͨͨ, һʱаܱ߼˸˼
£ߣ꾫ǸԵֱת񶼶ˡ
գ򡭡ǡǲϲλ߸, Ŀ˵İô, Ϊλֵ㡭, һǰ, ϻڰ棬زűȽ, , һġ
񣺿紫šδġ
˵δ˵˼, ǻ̧, ľ¡
, 缸굤DǻͲ, , ǰͣ, ʫ, չ, , ɴͣ²УҲɿ
ʱһ, Գ׺, ָ̫ӽ, Ѿ겻ֹˡ
ν졢ʢǰ
Ͻһӭ, һȫԶԶͣ񣬴һԶһڽ𾪻𺳣۲ѣ۵ĶȺнĽ㣬οʢװϯֻԽΧƣ˿ֻ࣬ûˣԵĽ¡ҽöնⲻ˳ĿĶ
񡢹ն˵һβμȹᣬ׷ЩţЩƲס˷ܸˡ
µΣϾôˣȴҲͷһز磬һʱҲƵýζ
սţʱǰеӰ΢΢һζ¼һֱŤͷƫͷţʵʲô
ವһ»عȴǺָŲԶˮ鿶һӰ૵ˡЩ񡭡ˣ
һԾ˵ţΪԼƴˡ
Щ⣬˳ƵָԶԶһۣû֪
ʱĽҲõ񣡡˶٣һư鸡аǸӢۻ롣
һ˵š
ݸ
⽪¼ֱǹɽĵһˡ
Ҳ޳ɽⷬģɽ佫ҳйѰӵûеȻ֮֮䴣ŵһɽɽʱʱֻģΪİ㣬ɽģɽʡ
ԶԶƳһۣǸ࣬󲻳λΪ˵ˡ
ôССĲܿ㱻׵Ժˡ
Dڱɽ¥ϲɽʯɽˮ԰˾һϤɽ¥һɽһˮһһȫǱ԰ֵľ·һһī̶ģϷԣͷŸСݣɴ˿ɼⱧɽ¥ﾰµľ𺳳̶ȡ
ֱɽ¥
һ԰Уֻɽʯ͵֣ɴе׺·˼ɾ㣬ȫȻµһ
ɽʯС԰й档
˷ƹɽʯҪߣʱڱɽʯ˵
֪λտɻᵽϻڰô˷û¶˰գȻ㣬˵԰գˣȻ㣬þڰ͸Ǽ˵˵£λ˴˾治˿棬ֱö澸Ӱ˻ȥô˵ʱλˣôĿˣ
ɽʯһ̳أĺζ
λСľդ⣬ʳɺͶιš
ԭ׼ˮ磬ѹˣδʼϤȱҪһλ£DѹţûÿʼˣȫڰͰ͵һλı͡
˭˲²ǰ
ϾõDǨͽϯѹģҲѰڶ
˱ɢˣʼ԰
һΪֵһ飬ȻҪ˼ǻؾһ£ԼӮһöһ£÷зˣͷϵ̣ͷˡ
ǽٲ˵Ļ⡣
лȻԭǱ飬ȥ그¶ƷνĽȦҲ֮ŮǶԶ֮ΧȫЩĩС㡣
һ綼䲻ϵ֡
лȻĹϵ䵽硣
ȻһлȻ͵͵ڱֺлȻ
ȻлȻһʱЦʲô⼸λ߸ϵİ滹ôǣգպֹˣȫ¶ء
лȻһ˵š
뵽һ¾лȻֻЩʣ־óϿûðһ¸쿪ĵء
հϯӵĺһֱ

˵лȻһתֵλɴǸصģ˵һȥ㽫˴մӰȥǿ˸ˣһò绨ӣ˵͸˸һӵ󺺣ǿϧôһŻòˣһʻţˣ統ζӸˣͷҲñⱲپǿգ
лȻ˵ţǸ̾Ͱܻ
⻰һ䣬Сէ¶棬Ǻúݶİ
ǣֵ˵ЫŮˣҿԽŮԽǶ񶾣
Χš
ɽʯơµ˶ˡ
ҲЩ㵡
һʱǰİǸǸ׹ﲻǸ˵ô͵˿ǽСӣĺηأ˵λ׹Ըѡأô˰Ů˸Ƶأ
ԭŮôô
һɡ
һ⣬ĵȻʶ˰Ŀ
۳죬Ҫȥ˺
ȴֽ̧һ
Ҫʶʶйغ۶ɵġ
λŲ˶ˡ
лȻЦЦĿĵ⡣
⼸æʺιʡ
ֻлȻ¿һۣѹ˵̫ӹǽˣӣ̫ҽסлڣס̫ҽԺ˵δعˣƲ⣬̫ǲΣˣ屰̫ĳ谮ô̫ˡ
лȻһĳţ˵ﲻ֪λٻˡ
ۿԸҪ棬Ͽܵɫ
ӵ˵š
룬һ룬һĨ֮ɫǰһζ
һ̣һȻһ죺ž
лȻûƫһࡣ
ͬʱһĸ
һĨ쳹лȻȻĶ죬ˡ
Щ㵣ʶ̧ס棬תֻ֪ʱĸǰһ˪Ŀ
лȻȻǰİһ
һʱ˵˷ˣȻЩ벻Լ˵ʲô
Ȼ°лȻ˫ʶ΢΢һȴȻӲ㡭Ϊδҡ
뻰һ䣬һֱӳһžһ³
ĸ
ȴ䵽лȻһϣһȵġ
ǻ֮Ű˪һģһ
лȻס˫һֻһ߹عһĿĿ
лȻһһҡһһŭӰֱһΣֱӵ˵ϣСһʱɷһƬ
뷽һͬŰǼСǼ״ŵùһء
쳹İķܿ콫ȫ
ͬʱյǵD˶
лȻ͸ץס˾ƵģʱСһףѵһŵȥץŵDȹڣʼĵȡҡ
лȻŶ£ǻ
ʱȻ˹Լ˺ε
Dȴ֪ʲôʱɫһ䣬ƻҵǲǣҽնǨˣҵ̺϶˳ȥר̽ӼһˣҵĴ̣㡭㾹˴ҵ
Dܻ˵ţֻΪǹƻģһɨɨ˰ĺعĬվһ𣬶ʱּʵǡǺʱͺˣ
Dö˵š
ȴֻɨ˵DһۣһһܺĹ
һ䣬һ˦ȫޣֱޱתˡ
͡ЩЩޣʵٵڴ棬Dʶôͷһ˪
D˰һˣҪߣʱͷһߡ
һ·ŲһͣDһϲȹڴҴ׷ȥȴ˿ĿǰD˳Ű߿ȥſԶ֪ʱˣฺֶǡջؾõĹҲ
Dɫһ㶡
ҲЩ⡣
û뵽ԼһʢˡһĻ»ɷ
̧ۿŹɽ
ɽҲ
˶Ƭ̡
ʱΧΧ۵Ⱥڿʼ˷ˣԴ˼λ˴»Ӱʶ»ڶձ㽫ԶΣֱø߸ϵİ̳ΪЦ
ؾȴŶ룬ֱȥ˰ϲμһһȵһ磬Ӯһö澴˼ңֱʵĸഫš
ͶԿϲ£ֵ棬ʢ˴Сӡ
ǵģֻ߹عлȻȴ֪Ϊ¡
߹ıƢعˣ˽֪Ҳû˸е⣬λƣŮ谡ͱ˵һĻζ
лȻɽ˲͸ץסһƵġ
ˣˡ˴ˣҡģĵġ
˵лȻɽűߣĽ״εš
˲֪ȴ֪̫ڰеĵλͼֵ󶼲󵽰ǰȥڡ
һлȻǵ汻ųһ亹
̫󣬶ҡһڹϣҪ򡭡Ҫųնģ䣬̫ʱи̵Ļ
лȻֱ
ʱ˵ĿϤ䵽˹ɽϡ
ֻɽĿ۽űߵŮӣĿлȻͺ졢һǱϿƬ̣ΣڣȴǳĴӵЯȥٸ֪࣬΢ɷҪһ
ɽȻŴӿſڡ
ӺӢЩ⣬лȻʮʺĿָӡϣ¶һĨȻֻ΢΢Цŵѵÿڣкβɡ
˵ţԽЯ֮˹ɽ
лȻ״ʱдϲ
ȴǹɽƿ򿪣ڱһ£һ̣üƬ̺󣬽üͷչȴǺԶԶʮİ
öԷȻһ䣬ȴһһֱ̧ԽлȻһһһʮİλ̤ȥһ·ߵ˰ǰ԰ʵֿɴأ
ɽŴŰ˵š
һ䣬Ű֡
һ£̽Ļ̌֡
һ̣ɽһգ漴ᷭתϤĲ鿴ķһƬ
ְףһĨֵʮ㰭ۡ
ɽƿҩ໺˵ĵ˰Уָ࣬ϵҩţЩ
˶٣̧ۿ˰Ƭ̣ȴǳơ¶ɨۣ飬ԼԶ֡
ӣ
ơ£
лȻ
ˣ
ǣգɽ¥Ĭ֮ãŵĿԭΪⱲӲܷ飬ȴƫƫΪ˿ܵһĻǱǣһ򲻺͵Ĺ밲˵˶
ǳ棬֪ΪΣЩ}ˡ

Ǹˮա
϶˹밲ͣȴ˶
ѵ
ֱݣ
͡
ĵĳ棬ֱ߹عͳһ߹Цһֱתȥ
Ż˻ƵģȻ˹


25 
ɽ¥Ÿڡ
ĵġ
˵Dλ, ߹عԺԺʿ׼˫正μӡӣҲǰԼĹ˫歡ҹ, й¼ҡؼҡԶκҵ, ʮЩͷǡ
ټϸԵŮ, ͷ, ʮˡ
Ȼô˵Ÿȴĵ, һ˷
˿, ˵Ŀȫ벻ԼͬͶ˵DҲࡪϡ
ֻ˿ɢпڽ, , Ů°ڰ, šֲͰĦ
˵ŴʱСĽָ׹οһϸϸĿ, , ŮС޼Ƭ氲ָ޸
ֻŮЯǸ˱ǶʯκпС磬ͷȴӦо, ССĺﾹ޼Ƭȫ, ŮСΪĥָ, δȾޢ, ʮָͷܷܷһȾСؽָ״ĥƽ, ĩ, һ̩˰ָ, ׳ο, ͷԿɫĻǶһſСɫʯе׾ֻ
ΪƯָܷܷȳƣƤǰϸö̩ףеֻֿŵĨ֮ɫԼ΢΢ķɷΣֻΪòƽ˼ֻ֮
ʮŮӿʼдףȴǴӹȦӿģ̫󡢻ʺǵȦͷȴҲΪеϷˡ̫̫Щ곤ʿһоûװҪ廨֣ò࣬񣬼ˣԶԶȥׯأƯ
öףЩͷģĶǳԹУΪ̫󣬻ͷȥĳ֮ա
һʱҲʼŷ׷ۺԾԾ
ú󣬰ָ̧һۣЩ⣬¼״ֿʼΪְĦˡ
һĶΧǱŮŴӵźĳϤ㲻öôԾڲϤֻ˾̾Ŀɿڴˡ
˱ҲˣĽ¡񡢹˶Щľ
ھӪģڹ˵ģ㾫ϸĳǴ˵ôôǳΪһ̬ܺһʱﲻðһ֡ԼŮ𡱡ŮҪ鷳ϸ𡱵ĺʣͬʱƵýζΪŪʱ̲סӲ˹ȥ֧ŲһţҪҪŪʲô
񡢹밲ͬΪգȴҲһԸ֮ܵĲ࣬һʶǸ֮Ĳ࣬˷飬ǵȻĿĽ㣬ȻǵDϱ
û׺󣬼»ҪΪĦȥѪһֻ̧ۣʮ˫۾˿ˢˢ䵽ϣ⽫пڽϵ΢΢ֱ΢΢˿ȣڵ˰գ¡
˵š
ô˶ţҲδԲڣױ˶ϰˣκ˵ĿΪ档
յǵD磬ܲСǵķͷǡ
һĿš
ȴϽûнյѣ˵ˣֽۣΨֻͷѪūΪǸ֮ãһ̲ˡ
µ˵š
ˣ΢΢һ塣
һ̧ۣȻֻ˸Խ˸ɫɫʷ׳ʡ
⻰˵ĶδЩɱˡ
Źɽ˵棬밲ڴͥڡĿ֮һѾõһʹ룬תۣصŸˣ˶ѷֿˣļȴȻͣ¡
вҪա
Ͼǹǿǻ˾ǵһӵģİĽ˲һɨȥģ֪ģһơ
ڸԼֵ
Ǵһưˣ֮һ⣬ߣȴһһϸġοʡ͡鿴ţɲ˺ô
֣ˮĲɣ
žһ£ͻˣ
ⷬȷϵǷŹɽĲ١
ֿǰⶣġ
ǹɽҲ֪ʲô磬ڴͥڡĿ֮£εֱӸһ޵ĶϷ롣
ǻЩ̲סƹˣ֪鶯˶ٻأûüϷ롣
ӦӦմӹл󣬳СĢʱ˵һԵʰա
˵úùӡ
˵á
ԣνġúùӡǣջع˼֮ǰŵģĲ
ģ롣
Щ㲻ǹ˵Ĺ˼
ϾڰӡУɽɲǸ֮ˡ
ңС⣬մκεıߡ
ΣɽڴͥڡĿ֮¸ġ
Ͼƾ˭ҲҪʱʱķǲ
£ϸ룬ѳʵҪ˵ģ޸ɽҲҪ޸ɽɽɽӵܶЩʲôУûбȰˡ
֮£ɽǴӼòʺƷһһģ䣬Ƥٲⰲӡ
ŮӶҪ˵ģɽྴⱲӴպžôա
ĵ
·ⷬδز͸Źӹĳɷ֣Źüļơ
Ҳǣļǣ˵ߵЩŮһбģֹͦӣһ߳һڳ̳Ҳּɡ
ֱĺعȥˣѵȵûˣʱһϬĿֱֱɨ׵ĵDϡ
Dһ㶣ŷӦ˹ԼŮǸ԰ڡ̬ˡ
°ҪߣּЩģټڵǶŮΧźţֱһķͷЩƣٺϴǸȼ׸ˣЩҪǸȼ׵ĳȻЩʲڣȻ󱻰ǸµǷ浽ˡ
ߡ
ÿ죡
ղ㣬ǵø㡣
ǸǸ磡
ˡ
УôôأعҲִô˺عüͷû̧һˣǶأǹҩǹǸֵģⶼͣŮҪԹ֮ĦҲָˣߡ
ֱDعһۣڻҪŴ֣˵ߴӰҪڣʱ
ˣˣһԷ
ֻŸһƿŰĹ֣٤١
ׯ£Եãһ¶棬ӭ
Ľ㡣
عҲѵһ㡣
£½硣
Ҳˣ
٤ӣһ·ϸˣˣĪҪ
һ˲
ԭŸչֵֹģ߹밲òƲϣլӵ˵DҲЩԸ֮չֵֹģҲóȻڣһʱлȻڶ
ֱһ˲䣬տʼůˡ
СС񣬲ɾ⡣
˵D˺ڰ֮ǰ˶͹ˣֵĻڡ
Dһϲ񣬡ϲϲ˼ϣ굤DܴϢϲССһԣȴΪһС񣬿ɰȤؼĺ壬õD΢΢һ죬չǻϲˡ
ĵDһɨವһԶԶ˰ϣ˱̲ס˿ڣأ㻹ûģ
Dһֱ׳Ҫš
͸ôһ˿Ȳ
һˡ
ÿϲľǰ׼ĺ񣬰ö࣬ؼǣ˼磬͵Ķﾡõģܹʵʵ䵽ʵġ
ÿض͵DĿ
Dȱ֮ȱҪĶ
Ҳ԰ŮְֺԵʡ
Ȼÿһֻ꣬԰һ죬һ졣
İ˻кһ£һʱƿۡ
Ѿõĺϡ
ȴһöͨͨƿӲװҲκ֮ССһö͸ŴӽǵƿǸһ޶
ŮˣĪѹûиգǽö˴ҩ򷢸
Dʱһʵʲô
˵Dһۣ룬һ˽¸
Dȴ˼ڣ϶öӴҪģұ˵ƿǸ࣬ʱֻһͷһ˿գ˲òһֻĹĵھҪ֪
һϷŪƭ˵ļơ
ŵDü·˵ȷDüһļƣλ̾һεڿڣһһƮƮҺʲôġ
˵š


26 
˵⻰һ, ȵһԭĺعЩĲǺˡ
ڰԵĽ⻰͵һ̧ͷ׵ĵDͷϿȥڼDͷһͷϡЩƵë, , ʱһ, 漴û̲ס, һֱЦ
µͺΪʵ̫, Բۺ, Щ߰Ķ䶼ˡ
ƫͷһۡ
ʶЩ׺, ֹͣЦ, ֻ۹۱ǱǹĵĶ, ĳ, ԽҪЦ, ȴԽﲻס, ֡ۡۡ, Ϊ̴, ҲΪ, ЩǡƨȴΪ̶
±ͷ˫Ҳ

Ȼ, ֻټŸ, ವһ
ʮСһʱ˿߹, ֿ˿̵˫綶Ľ, ͵͵׵ĵDһۣң㣬һΣţ۹۱ǱǹţԼĴڸУҪʲôҲûȻԽ⣬Խι
ߣ˱ﲻסˣҲʼ˸˫罥Ҳ
һʱһɹС
׵ĵDСѾ͵÷ϣͺһƬƤͰ𪣬ֱƤ·һƵ֣ССССıӣСС죬ɫವһ죬ֵΪۣһȥ˲ɰױˡ
ʱҧأһ˫Ϭ£ֱӶݺݵɨһԵ߹عɨǸɰС椣ȻǴݺݵֱװ
ֱӱߣֱӱˣֻ˫۽ţȭͷŰܻĽ㵽׼˼㡭Ҫڽ豾ǲǣлȻǵ㣬ֲָʹģ˶񶾵Ļңͷôˣͷٰأƾʲôһһεʹ
D۾ˡ
˵Ҳˣɽ硣
ۿ˵˵･͸ſǻˡ
״ڽ͵ʲôҷģû㣬ûУ޹
˵ţ룬DͷϿһۣ˵ˣͷֻ٣ûٵ˵ĵز
ĽţȻû˵꣬ȴDֱһֶֻ̧ݺݵָŰı߳ŭ㻹˵˵
˶٣ҧҧͷôˣ㵱껹ˣ˵ˣǻϲˣ˭֪ǹڴǰװģģϲĸҲȻϲ㰲ġ
D
ݺݵطš
ٽţȻԷ֮ⷬԺɫҲ֮ವһµ
һʱ΢΢û˵
˼״˲ҳһ¡
֮꣬ĳ档
һʱһѹҳߣ˱סһΨֽҪҡ
˵DһǷˣˬˣɴҲ֪ԼˣһʱҧŴԶԶԶһۡ
ʱֻţɫκŭ⣬ɫģãһһ̧ۣŵDڵһҲ˼磬ⱸ٣ûеһʱͣԭǴ˽ͣӲ׷͵ĺҲ˵˽棬׷ᣬʵ˿ڣʶκιҪ˼
DĳƺֱӸĳ
ԼĳƺֱӸĳˡ
ɼ֮ơ
ڶΪҺƵģǰԼķ̫࣬ҽԺĳ̫ҽƵģ̫ҽϤ꣬ǧҩģҲΪϤĲ˰Ĺżռҩģһֱз²ƶɵģظ֮ǰһϲȴ룬Ǳˡ
ԽʲôԽṥʲô㵤Dȱ˼ͷˣܺùȱһӣ޹ܵϹ֣УڱķϲϲбϵûӣЩˣۿ֮ԭһԴǿԹģǣŮӱͿѣֺαΪŮӣȵͬ㲻Ϊıղӭô¸Ǳˡ
һƽ˵š
˵ⷬ䣬ڶĺعҲ̧һۡ
˵ֻ漴תӣһһȳŸȥ
ʼգδκŭ⣬һƽ˫ǰ뿪ʱбȹڣͷϵͷͷζ˵öͦûзκײ֮˵һɷ
ͷҲصıֱߡ
Ÿڴʱĵģȫס˺ĿͰȥ
ۿŰҪߵſˣʱһ㡭վס
һ䣬׵ĵDЩżֻŵ׷һ·ĵ׷ϵ˰ǰ̧˫ۣ򿪹䣬ŰǰһֻһʱҧŴ۶ŰΣЩʵҡҲߣ
Dҧš
һ˦ҪԽȥ룬Dһ󣬵Dּææһס뿪
ڵԣؿ
ŰһĮ񣬵Dûһš
Դ󣬽ʶ˺ع˺һֱ֣Ҵ㣬ôҲϰˡ
Dĸױ軵ˣڷʱû˸˾Ǻ󣬰ͺعݶ֮£һõDΪˬͷѰ鷳ö֮ԺعΪһɣԵDԼDĹΪһɣγŵľ档
Щ꣬ػضԵD΢ƸգֱǰعѺ󣬵DعԼӪ˲䣬εֻӰDԽսԽ£ػؼ˰޲ѹһͷ
ÿ˫ƾDＤңЦ⣬ɻӦǵһμ
ŰһĮɫDԤУһΣˣ˱᳹ˡ
ǰͬع֮꣬˵һ仰֡
عͬͺõһա
ɰȴҲͬˡ
Dϣ
ֻЩš
ȴһʱֻ΢΢ۣҧŰµ˭һҲңҴعҴ󣬿һ𲻴棬ÿض˦һˣÿֻеҸʱǶſʱŴһ£Ҿ㣬㣬ƾʲôҷҡҡҾһѡء
˵Dڰǰһš
źţԸ
һ䣬죬һߣһʣȴһίĿŰСس°ӣίͰʵǡԺ󶼲˺òãҡұ֤Ժ󶼲˵㻵ˡ
DۿŰ˵š


27 
˵ü, ƳСץӲŵֻС֣Ŀһ̧˵DſްС
΢΢һ顣
Dˣòҵ, ȴҲСһ, Ѱ, ϸ, ʵʮ־¡СɡʮͿ, ŰԵ, ʵʮֽС, СС, СС, ƴϵ۾СС, СС, ӣСҲҪС֮࣬Ҫ˶Сһš
۾, Ӻ, С, ֻСӡ
ЩĿС
˶, Σֻ΢΢̧°ʵڿϻô
Щѡǳ𡱵š
DԵżϿһۣһƬѩ, κɫ, ɿҡҡͷ, СŰûˡ
Ƴһ, 㿴ǵϲ
Щš
ȻһڣЩڡ
Ŀڣ˵ȥĻ޷ջء
D룬Сؿ˰һۣôµĸ᲻ϲ㣬ʹǸ绹ûбȫסһҲջᱻסġ
Dһ˵ţĩˣʮĵĲһ䣺İա
˼ǣڻϲ
Ǻǡ
뵱Dһİۡ
ŵDС죬һС΢ĿŰ̬ȥԶ͵ؿȥѵЩҲЩĿ
չ飬ͷһΣָ̧ӣЩĳСްһã󲻻СͺˣҲͷ˵˱ǣһΡ
һ֣µ˵š
D˲СһϲֵҲ˵£ҲǸøˡ
˵˫һУDͷֱ֤ĸ˵㰲˵ҵDĻұ˺ǵ졣
DһȸԾ˵š
һЦ
Dĵú޲գһȸԾֽ̧һ죬һܵŰĸ첲ʶ԰ˣһʱܵıŰĸ첲˦ţͷһ԰ڵĽ㣬㿴ҸǺýˡ
õЦеĻӦ󣬶˶٣һȲسźععҸͺˣЩҲЩͺðա
DһȲҪӵиعС
عͰ˺õøӤƵģûټ
ڿԼӤС壬ϳ̥ˣD˵ÿҪˡ
ȻĺعƤӶûг̧һ¡
Ŀбӣ·ûD˵㻰
ۿϱҪĶˣ˲õøûƵģֻЩĿ࣬ĿɿڴֱȿϷҪʡ
Ҫ֪DͰ˲ϣѲǴˣѾ˾֪ˣû뵽ǾкͺһĻ
˵ϣʲôǲܷأ
Ʃ磬õ߹һա
Ʃ磬͵Dϵ޲öԷ˵֣кͺһա
˵ϣûʲôǲܵġ
˾ýյDⳡʵֵ̫ˣ·֤ʷȴҲźǵDͰܳ׽ˣܳΪպ෹һ̸ʣҲ˿ʼţϾDĹԭΪֺõDһûϲء
ʮˣʮ˼
˵DһȵŽ¡صϱԼλöҪˣһλϣһʱƿòҪҪҺƵ˳һĳŰ׷ʵôЧôͷˣ˵˵ôãͷܸ²Ƶģһһðôˣ±ӻҪһá
DһöƿȲ׷š
һϲʤ
֪Զġ
DʲôȱȱһͷͷϡֻƣӰԼֵζӵһͷͬٲƵǧ˿
̫ҽ⼸ͷԽԽ࣬ԽԽˣ˵Ƶÿ׶ζԼͷõģЧļѡ
˵š
Ȼûн̫ҽǼֻèöǺD֪ˣһ׼ø֡
D޲ڱȥϴͷͰϣðһ²ˡޣͷ
ý㣬ҡҸȥ䡭
˵ڶļ䣬סˣҪȥߡ
֪D߹һȦӵˣȦӵŵ̫ߣ̫أǱ뼷ҲȥŰһģѾкüλСǹѰ˵ˡ
ŵDϽ˹ҽöˣǳȥˡ
ˣλǽ£Ǳĸǹ˺ľˣ񡭡
˽һۣЦǹ˼ҵСӣʹպշһ
¡Ƴȥţա˲ߣҲ뽫Ƕ˽ǰġ
±ⷬˡ
һ⣬˵һԣ֮ԱǡնΪȴû뵽Ȼ
ǹ˼ҵСӡ
˵š
ˣһʱҧҧ
Щĵ˵ͷ
ιô˵ˣ㷽Цʱ򣬲ô
ǰˣDǸ߿һۣ˵ǹ˺ľˣʱЩȻ𾴡
Dǳˣһʱ˻Ȼ⻰һ𣬽ºʾĽͷһ̧£ҲûС
һưĿŵD
Dʱ°һ̧ʱ˵㵨Сأ
£ΪĻ
D
ˣⲻֲˡ
С˼֮ʣʱͷֹﵽˡ
Ůš
ֹ
Ľ㲻ô
˵ĵһӦȻһ̣ϤӦ˹ȴ̧۳Ŷ氲ɨȥ
ֹ
֡δ룿
Dԣɫ΢΢һ䣬ʶ̧͵͵˰һۡ
졣
ʲôƫƫʲô
ֱǷŵDƶģԼ϶ģǲᱻסԵɰա


28 
ɽͤڡ

ɽ¥ˮ֮, ͶһʣܹˮɽʯƮɢ˼ɾС
Ʈ¼AƮͤ
ͤ, Χʯ, ʯһ, , ºͣɱ֮, ʱζࡣ
ɽִһӻ, һ̧, ȴӺӢ̧ۿЦ, Ƭ̺, һԹ֣жһۣһЦ, ɽƳһ, Ŀбӵ¶ȡЦ΢һ֮ˣʵ, Цã
ɽ˵š
漴б, Ŵӵ롣
ȻʱĺӢѲ, ŵùɽ, ֻеĺһʱﲻסЦ˲ˣǽһ, ҵĻ˼ϡ
ӢǺǴЦĴȤ, һ, ɨ֣ее, һ罺ᡢĺϷ롣
֣һ£΢ڷʱŵūǵۣ
֣ЦſһԵĹɽЦеʱΪˣʵ󲻳СһĻǺεȵģˣˣƽһ£
Ӣ֣жһһţȤŹǷͬεϷ롣
ɽֱִӹһöϣԼһһҿԼͬԼ
Զ˵ĴȤֻ΢΢治ɫ죬Ĳˡ
ֱӢ˼Ƭ̣Ц̽ڵڳе¸ϵöŮһ£ȥͬˣ
Ӣ˼Ƭ̣Ѱ˳
֣ͬжϲȤˣʵǷŹǾ֮٣ˣ˵ЩϹۡ
ӺӢ֣кͽɽ£νһͬ󣬵ڻʼѧԺʱҲС
ӢʮѾ£ʮģȢɣԺ˺üˣﶼˣ֣ҲȢ֮ǰͨͨ£Ͻ֮ǰ˴˰ˡ
ΨһֱȻһ
ӢˣȻǹȴңŮˣһֱȤ
ϲ䣬ӱģȻȻ䳡ּûֵֹǸʱ֣ͬϷԣ󲻳ȡ޽Ǻεģ
ǺȢ޺󣬾Ҳǽһױ꣬˿ԥġ
ʶںӢУǵɡ
û룬λһշ緶оֱ۾濪ۡ
ǾСᣬڴͥڡĿ֮£ҩϤĹػϸ˵棬ֱӲҩ
á˷绯
뵽ӢЦױĸ߳ЩҲģͬˣպЩŮ˶ǳӲ׼£
˵˵ţϷ
ǰȥͬˣǽ㾪˿֮١
Ӣ붼룬֪ʼĩ
ֻǣȴҲЩ⣬ǰˣǾҲڣǲζš
ɽִȴ΢΢һ٣Ƭ̧̺ۿ˺Ӣһֻۣɫãȡ֮ˡ
˵ţƬ̣һУ΢΢üྴ˹˼ѵ˼ҵѵϿвѭĵ
ɽһ˵š
šޡ֮٣ˣˣ˵Ĺûʡ
ӢЦɱ˵ôѭѵΪνһ겻ܲ˵ĵ
˵ӢּȤ¶Ҫ˵վڰ˵ұҲҪǴһصˣǣ֪㵱һߣ˶ķ飿
ӢƺҪƹɽޡļߣ˵š
ɽԭҪӵģʳָָ֮һöӣһʱವһ£ִӵֱ֮ϣһδһ£ֱãֱ˻Ӣ΢΢ü´Ժ⣿
ӢЩȵ˵㲻֪
˵ţ֣жһۣӢ갲Ⱦ컨󲡳ϵĽ趼δ͸Ҵָ㣬ڻڶձͣΣǶΪŻ²ˡ
Ӣ˵š
֣мԴȾ컨ϳӻʶ㲻ϲȲؽˣھеζɲܣҶüˡ
֣ü˹ɽһۣ־֪Щ꿤Щ
֣Щ⡣
ΪЩ䡱ˣʶڽٳһĻʶ˾䵽У˼֡㡱ζ
㵼˴Ȥš
ɫ治֪顣
˵Ӧð˼ҵĶĿ鲼ᣬûЩŴǵĶգȤѡ
ɽԣȴ΢΢һ򣬰ΣͶУƺҲûټȥ¡
밲ڰʱһʢˡ߸ϣ㣬ᣬΪԵŮһ£ΪǵʱûдεԵʣȴû뵽ǡ
󾹻ô飿
֮·ϱߵز֯һʮæµټ뱱̽࣬Ǳ̫ƽ뿤ףʵ˽Ⲣ֪࣬˹Ҳģ֮ÿӾ̽ÿÿἰʱҲΪã⼸꿤пԿÿ겻Ļأᶼٲμӣɽ԰⼸ʵָƣȴûʣ磺
ʱɱ˵ġ
߸ϣ֮ǰӡУν棬Էмһˡ
ܵסЩ
ɽһʱüͷ
ʱӵǰ£ֶӵˡ
䲻š
ŶּҶˣոյһʯ͸Dֶӱʫ飬ɽ磬ʶ㣬ӹ汾Ӷһʯĳ
ӺӢֶӵĵãʱΪˣܿȥ롣
Ȼһ䣬ַӦ֪ʲôһʱ˶ĹɽЦŵ½ֶǣɷ㣿᲻밲Ĺ
ӢȤţĩˣ˿ڲỹǽ˸˻ɡ
˵գҪ˽ȥĻ
ȴǹɽѴӷŵĳĬлعˣ޷µĿˣ΢ķΰ
˵Ÿڣδ١
δ٣¡
˵δһҿطʩʩȻһ¶棬ȴ˲Ÿ˵ߡ
δòƽƽ߷֮ˣɫУ˲۵Ĵڣò䲻ϣȻ϶أһųԶȴһƷ
һѩʥ࣬״ĳϴЧĿУһϡҩ
δ˵ʦ̫ŮãϤԳԴʮһ֮ǰĬĬţŵķǵ˽ΪּΨеŮһŮֱǰϤŮһ̫ȥСסһ󣬻󣬴󲡳̫£ʼ¶ǰ
ڰĿıҪּҶδҲһȸǹ˵սķͷ
ϤǵһŮȴ־ǲŮŮһöҲ
֪ģ֪̫Ľ
пߣƺһ
˽ǧ˿Ƶϵ밲ϵ࣬һϵϤǰഫǵһӹּҶڻʼѧԺĳѩҹһѩǿ
ϤʮδףʵڵĳСﳤ
Сáǧˡ
Ů߹
㡣
˵δŸ룬źعһһ
ųкš
ֹŵ塣
ھĵġ
һ˿죬ãһ˻Ӧ
ʱδһ̧ڻһȦգԶԶ䵽లϡ
ԶԶһۡ
ٴȻһ
΢ʱ̣Ȼͷ˹棬ȴǳδֶӣ롣
ˣһڴš
δ뿴˵DݵŮˡ
˵䣬ԶԶ尲˵ͷ㻺ת󷽵塢񾲴ݵŴȥ
δߺ󣬵D˰һۣһѴϯλһһԾ𣬳źع䡢ߣҲȥƣ


29 
˵DƺƵ, һɱŰع䡢µ˱ɽ¥ʱԶԶֻɽͤڣӡ֣УɽȻȻС
δʩʩȻͤڴ, Ž֣мɽ
֣΢ЦŻ, ͼδ, ȴδ벻ɫĶˡ
̧ܿ۳ŹɽԶԶһۡ
ɽĬƬ, ŶԷԵ˵ͷ
DͷϵǶðͷ, еĻ
⻭ڽǰ, Dһ׼˫ֱַҪЦ, ֶһԼҰ̸ˡ
Ȼ, ȴһʱ߷߲ƽԶԶͤڹɽݺݵصһ, ŤͷŰֵˣ, ǸôԳǸŮ׵ͷ, һ㶼е£
DֱţһʱҧҧҲҪϲˡ
˵, һƫͷ, һĳŰ, , Ҷͷˣҹȥô˺ǶԹŮ
D߲ѵĳȥΪ
˶ûôˣǵD̫ࡱһ̲סҪˡ
ԶԶĳͤڿһ, ûκɫ
һת, ĽԶԶĿͤ, ɫЩӡ
ɫһ, ҪͤٿȥʱʱԶԶһʮ㻶ϲʮšһϲʤ
һ
ŴЦϸϸˬ࣬·żֵɵζ
ͷȥμλζЦСϲЦտĳ
һϲһҾһ̾ߵ˰ǰٴζŵĳŰ˸Ҿ¶ˣһ겻ĳΪһǽĳ˵˼֮ˡ
ζ⾹޹˼ɣֱڴͥڡĿ֮³Űʾš
Ҳ˾⣬Ͼ䴫УİĽ߿ԴӹſŵˣͷһλıҪɸλĲŵζˡ
ȴĻжͻֻ⣬ЦЦǰòˣζȻ忡¡
ϿϿ˼̫࣬ƣĳ˼ɼ¶ˡ
ζҪĽǰ޲ðչһ̽źá
ɺѣһԾѣκ֮ɫ
˵Ц䣬⵽ڵĸڣϲ߹عζɫΪˣӴҲأˡС׾û⵽Եҫ۹â
˵ţֻ̾ϢҪֻֿ֣ܹòɣСҲݲκˣСĿԵ£ʵС˿˰
ζһҪ˵š
عˣֻöƵģø˵ϻֻĿбԽ˳űɽ̤ͤȥ룬ζȴȻһ߹˰
عԽŲһ٣һʱɨһۣҪˣҪˣҲԽˡ
ع˵š
ζſס죬̶ವһ½һƣס˫ۡ
عһֱȥ
߹ƢȻͲ갡
عһߣչͬ˵š
ĻЦˡ
һԵҲ̲סҡͷЦ
ֻǰһĻ͸ص˵Ƶģÿһնʻ֡
ʱζ֪ʲôǰһѹŰʵʹ컰£ĳɻڵˣĳʾʾ֪֮꣬ĳɵȲȵõ
ȻĳŰҪ˵
ԭǵ갲֮ʱµĺԣģǿˣҲҪȵһա
ȴ룬⻰Ÿ䣬ŵһζĳô
᲻أ첻
·𲻴κ
ȻԽûκȴ·͸Źӡްζ
תȥҲ̧ۿȥֻŻͤڵĹɽ֪ʱ˸ǰ֣󣬶ĿƬ̺Ŀһ̧ŲƵ˰ϡ
ĿתĿš
ǽڵ˽űˡ
⵽ҪģɽĵҾǸأĸĳҲ˴˰˴Ǿǵĸĸ٣ĸĳҲҵʳĸ
ƤƵģȰȰȵģһһð˳ˣν˵˻˵
˵꣬һʱ۹ɽҡҡеȵʲô˴ĪҪᣬĳʵǸģ֪ĳڽϾȻһŮܸ˴ˣôķĻĳվ͸òˡ
Ͱ˵š
һ䣬ּģĳǲĺĺ˴ĪҪ֣ĪҪ֣СĲ˵ˣ˵˱ǡ
˵ӵ˿ʯСȥʯͷȥˣ˴ˣλԱ㡣
һҡӵߵ߿
״ҲŹɽЦЦ֮ȥˡ
һֻۣʣ˹ɽ򸾶ˡ
μǶǸģɽҲżš
šĽѾá
ڴʱ˿̳ۼΪ档
ڿǰҩ
ǣС
֪ΪΣɽ䲻뵽֡
ɽδֻٶἰŮٴſζ
Ǽ£òѾҹˣᡪ
һʱɽͷ˿һۣڱɫƬ̺󣬳Ű߽һĿƶϣʵֿɺЩأ
ɽѵáĹš
ҲƺŰſҲػˡ
ȴ룬ʱѱɹ˲˼İԭȵĲ˲㽫ŵԺԭЦ绨ЦವһգֻǺǡЦ漴ҲҪʯͷȥˣ˴ˣԼԱգ
˵գӹ䣬Ŀбӵسͤڶȥ
ͽ¹ɽһԭأ΢΢ü
š鿴˿ǻúõô
ɽԭؿſȥˣ˼Ƭ̣šüָȥ
˵޶ͤʱֻӺӢʯչʾ˳ʯԣӵһȦˣʯΧˮйֻͨӸ̸۵öʯϱߣ˴ʯ޴ޱȣֱӽ涼ҳ˸޴һöǴʯȡģ˵ǿʯʯۣմʱɫ貣ʰ쵣ᷢ⣬ƽʯʵغͲʶǵеģʶѧʿ治ĳλ˵˵Եλ콵ʯʯкγ˷Ȼ˼䣬кԢʾֻܳԱǣ˭˵߼أ͡
Ц˵š
򸾶˹ʱ˵ĿⶼǿͺͺɫϵʯͷϣΨδ⵽ǵĿһʱŰǣǣǣ̧ɽķһۣ漴͹ɽһλ
ʱDҲ⵽˰ĵԼһŰֵ
̧ţԭҪδ룬ȻܵDٻ󣬽Ų˸תԥĳŵD̤ȥ
Dӵֻ°һˡ
δĿһ٣Ŀλֿ˹ɽһۣȴɽŲ΢΢һҲֱǰĿλԽȥһ·վ
δϵĵЦ
л˵
һҸİȤղһ¡
ݺݺļʱڵƻ߶ԺڼԺ꣬ò次޶ĿԺѪԦ֮Ҳǹˡ
ȴδϣûͱҸ˻ȥ
ȴݺݺľߣ¼Ѱ˼ңգҺƤڸľݺݺҽסһʱգʱңԼѰ·
д壬Զһŷңйɭϡ
˵λòɣ޹ǣһְߣǵʮλð⣬˽˺üա
һׯصϷ˼ˣûסʮСɾǰ޸һ⣬лƽݣĸ鱾ֱӴѧѧˣͷ˵һ檣˵ġ
һ仰ŵɫ䣬׷׶űߡ
ݺݺȫһ飬ȴһЫһò˺üȫߣٺȥұҪͻˡ
ۿңΨλгءֱݺݺҿĴӻû֣ؼλӲŸѧظãݺݺɻ˽⡣
ΪԼĹޣݺݺҧҧʹұҲƱҪλӸ¡
ǣһ԰żװεͼӻȴܿˣݺݺڵ˾ָͷ
ģһֺƤͤпĴѣһΪѣһӵ£ݺݺСɵ廨Ьϴӡźɫѥĳȣģų˿磬~~~
һֱڵһ̧ۣ۳ǰɦŪ˵ĵһ˺ŮϿȥ
ʾʵҲʲôˣװ


30 
ʯĪϲԴʥﲻɣ
˵DʯͷǴ͸, ʱȤ꣬Ҹڷʱùһè۴СʯϤĻģŰǰҲʯ, İ˵ϲԴ͸̵ʥ, 㽫ǿʯ, ķ, Էٷ磬Ϥ, ÿ콵ʯ, һʾ, ʯ, ضǻһλ꿡ܵĹ, ӣضӵǵصĲ, Ů, صǧŮһö, ܽѰ, ض洦, , öʯϱĴؽ磿
D̸һ̽š
ķرϱߣֽöʯ͸, Īǡ
D֮, Щ԰ڡ
ӢȴЦ, δӻ, Ŀ޵ĳŰǸһۡ
عȴʵʯĳĶģǴںδ쵽жߣЩʲôԵλͻʯʵǸĪѧ⣬ȴֻ֪⽨š
عһš
ҲԴԳͬԴ֡ΪһɵĴɣΪһɵĶɣԳԶֳӪӺһ֪꣬ȥ򣬶ӵײдӵڳսʽ΢
عӲ泯֣ҲཻãȴԼûʶԼʶվڴӵĶ棬һڴӵɵۡ
DԵʶЩֻʶػصжߣоأʮ㰡ⲻ˾֪ЩʲôȻɣʴۺĸﰡ԰ŮأΪλͻʯʴ۲̿˼伲࣬һʯͷҪ°ĪҪ£ĪҪ֣̿ϱ˳ƽĺ츣ˣԶĵģ
Dһ˵š
عһ׳ա
DһʱҪǰţƬ̺ʲôలĸ첲״㿴عҰ׳ա
úõһʶʯ˼ǵĿڽ֮
գǰһλɻЩͬļô
һ䣬ֻЦųδֹһ⼸̫ķֹ֪ʯͷЩͬͼ⣿ֹ˵˵ҽ󡣡
ȻõԼҪĴ𰸣˱Ƚ϶࣬һʯͷΪ£һЩˣܴһʯͷϣԣչʾصļ⣬ɾһ̸֮ģֶΪ
һ䣬ֻһֱδ볯ŴӸ˸ˣδ̸ϣ
ֻδ볯ǿʯͷϸϸۣ̽漴ЦЦ콵ʯʵʲôϡ֮£żйأ׹أʯҲΪЩʯϵ׹ضɣżҲأдƬƬسʯҲУЩʯͷۼϵǶѡ
δһȻ˵š
ȴ룬ⷬȻ֮ԣȴһȺ˵ȴ⣬
عôأϵǷⷢģôܻЩʯͷ飿˶٣ֵ˵ˣϵǺö˶˵ģôܻ䵽ѵҲһϨˣ͵ˣⲻϹ˵˵
عδⷬ˵֮Աǡ
ҲЩɣϾƬһУܹ֤ʵһƬİеģΪһЩ񻰵Ĵ˵ˡ
ȵı˭
δ뱻عҲ˿գֻӯӯЦĻֲڣʵȷ£ԹҲٳˣŲȵƬҲˣǵɱгˣҲ˵ǵٳˣϨ׹䵽ˣδ˵һ˵˵ǽŲȵƬʵһƽأһ״壬״徭µתţ˰ͺҹͷϵЩǳҲոһյΧǽµתתеСԭȵĹ켣໤ײײƬ䵽ƬϣʶЩ콵ʯ
δһһ˵š
ÿһÿһ䲻Ѱ֮ԡ
ȴ֪һ֮ԴڳЩ˶𺳺⡣
һ䣬һֻ̧ۣȫֱֱĿҲ̧۳ķȥ
δ뷴Ӧ˹ʶԼЩԺЦŸĿڵδʴˡ
DȻʴʣôܻվһأվϲᵹô򾹻תǸ˵أôתģжתôֱ˵˵Ǵһƽϣôܻһأ˵ˣתôͷأ
Dһš
δȴҲգʱֻߵDǰ˵D֣ԭػתȦ֣DһЩء
δ뵭ЦɾͷΣ
˵꣬صԭλã㲻ٶˡ
΢ѣεĵDƻҪٷȴһ죬֪Ӻδ
һʱҭסšüͷ
ԣɲĿδ뷽ȥ
ǵãڻʼԺʱּҶӱѽ¶ǰˣȴԶۣδżغĴ洫˵ʱ꣬˹Ŀ࿴ȷϵһλ뷨صŮҲ
ۺ뷨ԶһЩѧʿ壬ʵӱˡ⡣
ʱֻӳ˼Ƭ̣ӦδȻͬȾ˼֮⣬ϵЦԽºͺᣬżԶ׼ʶֹ뷨أһţ޾ǳ˼뾫տֱ֮޾ҲĪ
ӾֱδһҾԳƺԼֺţʾ⡣
ⷬٶ¶졣
δҲһ
ЦֹЩؼνϡ֪ɷժдĴʵ¼
Ϥڱ׫һ飬Ϊʵ¼
ȴδϣҪһŮӵ۱׫ڣǻҪǧŵġ
δҲһ¡
ˣͤ˿δȻΪͬ
DЩޣö˶˵磬̱˸˷ͷȥҲˣϾѹͷѹϰˣδ벻ͬһŮڽգЩҪѹЩеĹŮһͷˡ
һģҪĹâסˡ
ۿŴӾٶԽ׺ʱһһֱĬ֣кڵЩ뷨Լ͸ģ
֣д˴δ֮
δ״Ҳŵһ֣һۣ룬ⷬ˵Ǻ뷨Щ˼δӹż֮ѰһЩ˿ҲһЩδ롭ֵ֮̽һЩۣδһ֮ԡ
δЩ˼ἰ
ŶЩ⣬ֻЦŵֹе˾ǺҲд˵Ⱦ裿
Ц׷š
δȴһʱЩԡ
ʱ߷ɿһɨ·ĳλӹ
ʱ˺ЩһЩзۣţֹͬһѩǣ
ǣ

뵽ವһ£һʱ˵Ŀ⾹׷ײԼͬسŶ棬밲Ĺɽȥ˶٣ٴۻصδϣš
ζ
˰ԿϷ
Ҳˡ磬߲ѡ
Ψɫ
̧ۣڰδ߶һƬ̺δ뽫˻ȥ
ʱֻӵЦſڵǣֹⷬкο
Ӱ̽ǡϷš
ȴɽššüǰİӰһۣƬ̺ɫֹ뷨˶Ŀһ¡
Ȼһ䣬ּɽ΢΢Ŀǰ벽ǰİ΢΢һͷ͵ʵ֪Դʯкμأ
ɽһתתǿʯϣע˰ϡ
˸뿴ȴûʲô
ɽŴ룬һģȻ˲ͬ
룬Ҿֹ뷨棬˲Ŀ
ɽʶ֮ģϧ֮Ʒʵѵã
ָĿڵҾöʯͷʴ̰Ͷ˼׽Ū˵ġ
ƿڣһٱ䡣
ڣʱһԵĵD̲סһЦ
Ӧֽ̧סԼ졣
ֻĹɽⷬҲһʱ죬Ŀһɨ˷׷̿ɽ̧ӣĬãڵǿգ˼ݣ֮ḻĳ۷
ɽһһ仺˵š
һ䣬ֻҲ̲סЦǰǣ
һ̧ۣȫڿǷЦ
֪ΪΣ΢΢һ͡
ʱҲ֮΢΢һ顣
֪ˣ֮˳ˡ
ʲô죡
ֶʲô죡
һʱֻԼ廨ЬĽֺ΢΢ˡ
εˣô죿
ȻڳεĲֹһˣһĶЦˡ


31 
˵Dⳡ, ַǷȫǻ׹ݣͷŵĴ
ϯɢʱѵʱ, ظƬܸϼա
, ⿴һ, һǰһͣ, һմӰǰ޶
һ¿ˣλ˴˾δ, ÿճĻϰǧƾ
ꤶĥˡ
, , ꤻ᲻ᵱ˳ա
Щ˿һ, Ȼԥֿ
, ͷҲҪϣ, ȴɽ̧һ
²ԵĿɽ
ȴɽ°ͳһ㡣
˳Źɽ䵽˿ݺͷ, ʱһ˼ĿŹɽǸ磬˼
ɽͷ, Ը˳λͻعҡ
һ, ɽԽ, ˿ݡ
ͽ½㶵ԭ, ˶٣Ӧֱŵƾʲô, ƾʲô, ƾʲô
һ̧, ֻҶλԭؿ
˿ɫ, Щʧǣ֪Щʲô
ͰͿþ᲻ջߡ
²ϲλȴò̯ӣһʱѣŶ˵ɣλ̡
˵ɽ󣬰裬ϣһŶׯֻ˱ͦÿһȹÿһͷ˿˳ֱ裬ССڣͬƵģζ
ɽմˮյĴϿһۣջأĩˣڰ
ݡ
ԹԵ裬ûҪ˵˼
ͷŽ»͹ҽãҲûй档
ʱ꣬հһ̫Բ󣬵DⳡһϤĸо
DСͺȣͺ֮ϲ֮ܶһᣬв顣
Ψһвǣ𷽲Ĩ֮ɫ廨ЬСֺȻ̲ס־
Ȼ˲ôΪ
Ǽû˵Σɽڣȴʵв죿
ɽûͷûβš
һת䵽˰ϣϸϸ̽š
ûа
Ļš
̫ˣСյĲȻˣаţΣԹԵĵ˰յš
ȻԷȴЩƵģƬ̣ڵ뾩׸һЩæµһ£⼸꣬һᲹġ
ɽԲԵζҲת˸յ˱裬ߵ߻˵š
⻰ôô죿
Ŷ⻰绹մӿصգλ֣¸µġ
ˡ
Ī
ԣΣȴ̲סЩʵ˴Ԥβ
˵꣬˰յ衣
һ˫峺ףԴǳǳɫһ۶ĿŹɽ
ɽŸձӣ˰뱭ͬʱֻﲻݵӣ
ۡ
䣬ǿڻûüµĲֱȫһ˳
ʱɽڸ裬֮һСš
һˮֱȫ˹ɽϣԼ˸ԵĲյ
󣬰ʼ͵ؿš
һˮ˷ΣǺðЩϢ߿ȱƴĴؿڡ
ɽС˲ͺһƬˣѹ˲ϵĲˮҪչȥ鿴ȴֵ̧ס߰ڻˣһ̧ۣɽˮ
˿ˮĲˮûӣһ߷ɿ츧ؿڣһһµ㡭㷽˵ɶ
ΪԼų˻ˡ
ɽ죬һӡ˶٣ֻ֪ĶһӣһԼϸϸ²ϱĿˮһɷµĲһ䣺æµʱӿ㡣
ɽ΢ü˵š
˵ⷬʱĵβ΢΢٬٬βƺһĨЦ⡣
һ£Ӧֻ˲üһү
Ȼ·ҷ˵š
ȻһڣԼҲƬ̡
Ǹ˻ˣֱɵĻûоſھˡ
仰Ǹѧġ
ǰյ
ĬĬ˵һ
һ䣬Ȼ̲סȻһ죬֪ǱˮǺģΡ
ӣ
Ӵι
⻰Ķأ
͸ϱ˷棬ⱲӸʹƵġ
ӣ
ĺ
ðˣǲ
Ⱳŵõ࿴
ӣ
ӣ
ǺǸǺǡ
ĵС޺޲ôǰ֪˸һˣ۲Ϊ
һʱ֪ǸǸ֣Ҫ·ҷһš
ȴ޿ڡ
֪Ķ²
⻰ûӡ
ɽس鶯һʱҪ˷ʱֲҩʱϵɫ㣬Ī⣬ʮ㾫ʵĽɽ״΢΢һ룬ûдү
˶٣һ˧˶ӡ

΢΢һ飬޲óŶԷİۡ
Ǵүô
ܼܲص㡣
ֱҪ϶ԷԻ·
˶Щˡ
ǲ꣬ôоͨˣ׹ͨûôѾ
ڹɽӡ߸ϵİһׯţǻٵŮͼһȾƮƮɣټգʱ㣬ϵСǧţ߸ϡʢˡģȥԶ
ɽɶ࿴һۡ
һŮû̫ȤŮвһѷĵвһϬĽвһѵĹвеһ֧ʣȻµİòޱˣ˿һ֮ɫۼеپɫɷ
˿Ǳˣ촽һֱߣ°͸̧ţһţ۵׻һĨλȡ
Ƥ׵ۣ͸ȴ򷽲űǺǺ˫շĨ糺죬ĨȻ糣ʤǧɫ
ú޲ܳˣɽ΢΢һģ룬䲻ֵֶ֮䲢޹ϸĪҪ롣
ɽ䲻˵ţһǧذת˸ͷ
һºӣһ´үôֳֶˣЩûиԻ·һֱȻӦ˹Ŷԭǽӵĵһ䡣
һһĨ죿
֪ΪΣһ̣ɫĸ첲ϸϸܵðһ㼦Ƥ
һʱЩ̾ڶԷ
Ǿ˽ݸô
ʵҲ˵ϲա
ֻƾĸӣɷʱΨһǣŮӣ桰üȥٻ˱ơ
ܣֻüûȥ
ܣʵҲ⡣
ܣǳ֮ǰŵùĴˡ
ǣǲ졣
Ҳ֪ΪΣǲˡ
ϲκβɵǣ
У֪ΪΣλֶϲ
вϲˣλֹһ
뽫ԼԷһ
䣬Ź֡
ùɽⷬ󣬰֪ΪΣǹӲȴһ㡣
Ȼưʲô¶˴˸˵ʲô
˶٣ֵͬ˿ѩǿʱ򲻱ͬұ
һмһ˵˵š
˵΢΢ŵ·иƬ̣ʱָֻԼµ˱裬ССڵ
ɽ״ȴԹ

ݡ
ĵһЩŵˡ
ѩǿʱɽüͷ΢
Ҫڽһȴ˵ࡣ
Ұδ
ʱҲ˱衣
޶˸Ų裬ĬĬš
е·ʱǸȵСʱ˵ǽմգɽһնˡ
ɿ֮ˣѵʵ˴˽ղյôôúķһչμ˷ζϯ
΢š
Ȼһڣ֪ΪΣԺȴȻð˷Źɽӡ
һ£Щٶˮ
ΪΡΪλ뵽һ仰
ʱȻһ͡
ʱĹɽصպúһա
ɽɫ˵š
Ȼһ䣬Ҳһʱ˷ŵĻ⣬һʱǰ¶Լյȫ̴Ŀģɽ˫Ŀһ٣Ƭ̺Ŀ⻺ƣ䵽లϣǡðҲ̧ۿ
˵Ŀײһ
ĿƬ̣ವһ£׷ײԼͬ˻ȥ
ˣھĵģһ˿ˡ


32 
˵չɽѵһ, ǳһʮ壬ȴҲ̫Էһõš
ɽؾ󣬲˾׸һĸ, , ޴·, ȴҲ֮², һ֮ͬİ, ˲ࡣ
֮, û¡
Ъ֮ǰ, ûӰ
ڰ, Ҳֵ, ûû
Ȼ֪ǻسʱ, ·Ƿʾߡ¶ԵĻ, ָ̫ǿˣԶԲ, ظ, ֮ЩղġΡ͡족
, ÷ʱ, ɽֲС˰ָʶؽԼָ˻ȥ˿ӲԼͬеͬһ鼦, , ˾Լͬջ˿, ǿ鼦, ɽǿ鼦Ȼ̣ȴûٶһۣ˵һ仰
ϣ¶ε˫һֱǶתţֵֹֻ֮ģȴ˵졣
̫Ҳ̧ۿ˶һ⡣
һֱӷ̫ʾ󣬰ͣĻӣǹɽҲδȺ
ɽŰҴȥı󣬶Ыֻճȭ״ڴߵ͵Ϳһ漴εǣǣǣʱº˹ʵǸ磬ǿ
ɽǵĵЦһգɨ˽һۣСҪϹ
µСˣҲŴѡ
³ɽ˸
ɽǰͬʱҲͣһʱ΢΢⶯
ʱδüú࿴ˡ
һꡣ
ţɽ뿪˱ԷҲûеһʱصӣֱȥ䳡˰ʱļȥ鷿һʱĹ񣬹һʱŵ㱳ֻصӡ
ʱϴϣױ̨ǰŮźʷɽһݣ˶˸ӣͭһۣͦñֱ˶˵øӸ߸ϣ߿ǡ
ɽݺ󣬿һɫ¼˿ȹ佫ȫ¹һ˿ȻɵȹĨ֮ɫȴζڵס
һʱ˴ӰգӡϷŪĽԼɴȹݸĳ糺ıȹǴ˿̴ϸôһ羰
ǧ˿һ·䵽Ρ
һ㣬Ǻٲ̿
βһϸϸСӯӯһգƵĳߴ硣
ţɽױ̨ķ̤ȥ
ױ̨ϵİ⵽ĵһº󣬶ʱٴУơ¶˶һ֪˿
ա
ʱɽͳ
ɽߵֱӳŸʷƵԸš
һ䣬̧֣
һ£˵˼ǡʷ
Ʋɿ˿һۣ漴ܿ콫кĽӴӿȡ£ԥԥġ˹ɽС
ɽӹƵĽӣ˰ѧŷƵĶģȡһƳ˺Ľ漴
⶯̫ͻȻڰһ£ûзӦ
ƺͽ¶һۣ׷ڽŴչȥ
¿Ƭֻ̣̲סСʾ˲࣬ͷǿ䰮ģ䱦Ķ˷ʣ࣬ˮ
¼˵ĶЩԣЩȴȻŵӾš
ԭΪۡ
ȴֻǹɽĽ̷һһ˹
˵ͷ
ɽ֪ˣȥɣ
˵գλŮǵĻ˹
¿˿һۣƻЩģȻǱѽ˸ˡ
Ůºܿ찲
ױ̨ǰһʱ죬û˵ֻʱʱ̧۳ͭɨۡ
ͭɽĸߴվ󣬵ס˴Ƭ⣬ͷŷֻܿļԼһؼӲ°ͣżͭ
ɽû˵·ȫעʷᣬҲ·ΪģһһȡͷһưĽֱͷˮֱϤ˽
Ҳû˵
ֻҧҧ
ﰲܹɽϤϤϸ΢죬Լ˴˽֯ĺ
ʵЩΣɻѾɣʵ˾ദѹ࣬ɽദʱûʶһµĽ¶ˡ
ûʲô˵ֻչֵֹġ
ɽ˳ھӪһ˿ʷҲһһƣ˵ĲһߣδĲһߣҪȡһʱʱǿķ˿̫˳ȡʱ˳ָȥɽʶظȥӣȴδƷ˿һ·䵽˿ġǰ
ɽҲ֮׷ȥˡȴּҪһ̣ȻӦ˹ָ΢΢һ٣˰С
ỻ£ᱡɣ½΢΢ţʱΣȻɽ˿󣬾Ӹµĸţ΢½һĨɫԼ΢΢¡ġԲϤ
ɽɫһ
ȻϮԼǰֻʱȻһ㶣ʶŤͷһۣö˹ɽ˫İ˫ۡ
˫
Ƭֻ̣˳ŶԷʶصͷһԼ½󳨵Ļ󣬰ɫȻһֻͣһ½ǰδüջصֻವһƣ漴סԼ½һѴױ̨ǰ
ǡͽӡ
΢΢
촽ıݽҧһ
ֻǰ½˵ױֱ̨סױ̨̨治ˣҧһ߳ŭĶݺݵصԶĹɽ
֪ôôģʷͼı죬ͼ
ԲԲֲǲԲ
һҧһյ¶
㡭װģ̬ô
ʲôӣ
ȫǽڡ
ͽӣ
ȰȰȵģҧɽ˵ͽַţ
ͽӡɽҲûϵʮ꣬ҲбָɵͽӵһգǱԼӡ
һʱЩΣȻͼڣȴ־Щƿԡ
ۿſ˵ױ̨ˣ˷·ٴУһʱ̧üģſкȽͷʸˡ
ٽ磬ȣҹء
ȴģֻؿڣԼ
˵գһĿŹɽ֣ʾӵݹ
ɽϸе֣΢΢򴽣ʱƹΣ̤˹ȥݷŵ˰С
ӹӱҪùȥ
룬һζ
ӵһͷһֻʵĴקţû֡
ವһ̧ȥö˹ɽĿת˫ۣ˫ͷ·һǧžף˿ֱض
ܹ￴ԼĵӰССһš
ſţ֪ΪΣ΢΢һ͡
ʱߴ͵˹󣬼һ˲һ¼̵ǽƶ󣬶ĸǰסеĹױ̨ǽⷽСС·޴Ρ
󣬹ɽ׾ٵı㽫ӴӰȡĸǰȡһƻʪķϸϸ²
󣬷ɺֻȻпױ̨ǰİıױ̨ϡ


33 
˵׳ֽʵ, һ̳ǽһӶסе·
׽ʳ޵, , ǿֻ, δƵĿռ, ֻǰ󱻼лţסƵ, ˲, ֻ޴ӡ
ʶسſ, Ҫǰ³ǽƿ
Ȼ, ĸճȥ, ˲䱻Ƕ¼־סˣ΢΢̡
¸һ㻪, Ȼܸܵǹɽʵ׳ġС
һֲͬŮϸ, һȫȫ˵ۻ֮
Ȼ࣬Ȼɽ֮ʵ, Բ, ɽ䡭, ȴƺΪæµ, ѹϾ˼ʶ˳ô, ȴҲžضѡ
һǰԲǻء
һǻؿǴΡ
ǡΡ
˵, Ҳǳ, ѿᳵ·, οڴһ·ЩԤеˡ
֮¶ղ仹ûгȤԣȴҲûرֿų⡣
ڹǽڳ󣬹ڽǺ˱һӣǸŮ˹ˣŮӹĶǡԴףʲô޷ǽǵ֮ˡ
ЩˣҲòʲô֮¶
Բôʱع͵͵˵º͹ǽǵЩ¶ء
ֻǣԲ˾Բôоֵֹķȥˡ
ǰøںڵϹĻ½ţȻ˿̡
˵ɽŰŵױ̨ϣױ̨ߣӽСױ̨ϣҲؿڵλá
ǧ˿˿ȫ䵽ǰࡣ
ɽ̧֣ǰĳһһ£¶Źɫ١ĵɽ֮Щ
ŮûʲôȤȴҲòϣǰŮӣӣеľɫ֪ʱڣϤ֪ˡ
ֻѩףùõּ֬һ˫ٺһۣһ˫ЦһۣˣβЦ˫Ŀγȴһ۳Уʧ˻ǡ
ٿüǡĴ
ɽһ˽롢ϸµ࿴˯ϲſ˯ÿʱὫᷭȻʱϸϸ˯գȻϰʱͷһƬҰףͬ￴ȴҲС
λƵĵƹ£·ȫһɫƵġ
ţȰĹҪͼ֡
ſţɽ΢ʣЩ⶯ֻ̧˰̲ס˹ȥ
ϸϸǣ䵽˰ϣϡϣᣬëۣıǣģðʶӡ
ȻĴϡ
ɽĶᣬЩ裬ȴڹͨ㣬ʦͨĴʣĴܱЩЩʪڰı촽ϣûٹĶֻʣʡ
ͦıǼιıǼ⡣
һһ²š
Ʋһڽ֮븹еɭеҰޣʿɿڵʳȲ¿ڣȻչȥһᣬһţ̽һ̽
̽Ϥ壬÷֮͵ĹԵء
Ȼϵǳǳ̽ȴ֪ΪΣðֺͷ΢΢

ǼıӺ
ĺϣ
ŨŨϢϤţȴ֪ΪΣǳֹ̽òð΢΢ȫðһϸϸܵļƤ
ǰػҪĻš
סš
ΪҪ֮ʱȻವһ£Ĵ뿪ˣɿ
ǼıǼϣ΢º󣬱Ǽ⻮°ͣĲ
ԭһֻֽ߬ڣ·ΣƵģһֻҲܿ˹һھסýġ
ɽ
£Σȣϣһ˿Ȼᱡģ˿Ȼ毺õιյһš
ŸʱһĨ˿ٴԺ
һĨɫ½·Ҳ͸˿ǱϣȻۡ
ɽƺ׽ס֣⿪½󣬶Ŀһٺֻش˹ȥűϣֱӻ˹ȥ
ͦرǼ⻮ĨԲ
űϣ̽㻺ҧȥ
һ̽ٶ룬ȴŵðһ飬㣬ֱŵ
Ȼ˿·ˡ
һ㵹˫۳ױ̨ϡ
һȻٶ˲䣬̨ĶϤɨһء
顭
ֵǧƿƿ޹޽Ӷı˵ϣž
⣬¡Ӵͷ̽ͷ̽ԣȴϡֻվױ̨ǰĸߴӰ
ӰС
ȻٶһʱԺ֮Уƺϡױ̨ϣˡ˾ſ˹ȥ
ԶԶ̽һۣ׷һ죬ˣҶơ
ôһ˰ױ̨ϣ˫۳סӣȴ룬½û˽˲ڴˡ
ɵİɫ´󿪣ɿڼͷ¶ͷŵĶǶ
ɫĳϣͷ˯˯ԣһԧϷ棬ɫ΢΢£𣬵һĨ֬
ɫµļ׵Ļۡ
ϸϸĴһ·뾱󣬴˸ССĽᡣ
Եѩɽ
ȾӨʡ
ǰ⸱棬Ŀ֮˾ҵӾεùɽ˫۾Ƭ̵ѩä
ڱĶ죬ããѩҹӰʱųֵ֢״
Ȼ˿̡
ҲյĻ㱡
ֱɫϸǰζŽ˼ء
ǲϵϸ
ӣƽɫסˡ
⿪
ɽһʱŨ
ֻûѪҺʼҵĴܶ
΢ʣϵĺ¹ŽҪٴδչȥ֮ʣһַֻ̽˹һѽסǰľɫ
ҪҪ
Ųͬһֻ˾СèƵɪɪš
˿˫ͺ죬Ȼ˫ﲻ֪ʱһƬʪ󣬾ᡣ
ҧŴȻ˵š
Ǹ߸ϵİǧ
Ȼ˿̣ʲôûȴ֪ΪΣ߳֡
ֻǰδе߳ܡ
عڵƹ£λεġࡢ㡣
ǣȥĲ壬;޴Ρ
ǰδеĻźͺ¡
ķǸѾˣȴ֪ΪΣڴʱ˿̣Ȼǰδе߳ܡ
ɽһ̧ۣ顢䵽ϣ˫糺죬ǳ˼ľ飬µĿ־ͺ£ּ˫۾ӨͷһƬˮ
ףǸʮСŮ
ɽǰδеϧ
ã
ǡȥ
̼䣬ɽ֧½һһϡ
漴΢΢ſҡ
˵䣬ӦѾ첲ļͷ
״һʱҧź촽ԱĲ
һ̣
ɽױ̨һѱ
˫
Ρ
ƫͷһۡ
߳ܵĽļͷ
תһһ󲽳Ŵ齷̤ȥ


34 
޲ƽǶŽɫİβ, Ų֦֯ϣɽŽȥ
ɫĽһǰ֮ҹ, ϲ, Ĵۡ
δ, һ, λɫ봲ڣϵҫһࡣ
ɽ¹º
ֻ΢΢, ǿɵ˿, , Сؽ񾱺ϵ⿪
Լ, ķ, ֬㡣޴Ҷ´ͩӣӯӯҩ, էСȪ, ¶٣׷ϳ, ˹һĨ, Ǻǽ١
ʥĹɽ˫۴˿̲ɽ졢, ڴʱ˿, Ժвɸֳʫʡ
ߵߡ
ǳ
Ŀɳ콥ɫ, ·ðĵĹ⡣
պһƬ
ЩҶ˫ĵ˫ۡ
ɽΪһԳ, ձ֮ʱ, СǷİ, ֮׷׺ȻȻ޶ã˿δЩİСһƬĮ
Ȼ˿̣˫ֵĮ˫ȴһƬ
һʱɿס˫ۣҧź촽Ľƫһԡ
߳ܣᷢ
ɽ΢΢Ϣţһʱ˹ȥװĴķ
ᣬǰƵģһһСذ
Ỻᡣ
ȡ㡣
ֻҧأűֻһڣһһյߵ͵ѯʵô
ҧ˫ָקµĴ챻죬˫촽·Ҫҧˣʱ˫･ð˾ӨỨ
ʱ̲סһ
˫͵һ߬ķ
Ȼ˫ǰããһƬ
ؿھҵţôһ˲䣬ˣĿͷᣣ·ʧƵƵġ
һʱֻһƬãȻȻ֪ںδ
ֱ֪˶ã͵طӦʶԼ߳ܵķӦ󣬵е߳ܣ˫סûסۡһʿ˳
ҹɫŨ
ҡҷϸ꣬òЪ
һ磬ȸͷߴߴлףˡ
û˿׵ģǰֱӻۡ
һϰ𣬱ڹʱʱ̫ҲӡӱعˣҪյ𴲣Ψаܹ˯ȻѣǵڻʼԺʱÿ꣬˳ٵۻӹӹӣһɶҪܽ߱޴һվͷΡ
Ψаѩ֮죬ٲȥȥء
ǣһ˯ĺϰߡ
Ѽǲ̫壬жûôˡ
һ̣ԴﻹЩƮƮģֻûƮƮģƶ˰㡣
ЩɵģĿ塣
ôһ˲䣬֪Լںδΰ㣬˻ʱ˯ʱȻִ̫ˣȻҹ˯ţŻɵĴЩ£ȻıŸԽ֣Ҫȥ̫Ҫͬĸ˯
ֱʶѣȴѣҲʹʶҪȴζӡ
ؿϱһʵı۰סˣһǯƬ̶á
һ˲䣬һɳࡢ㡢׳ӲǽֱӳŰ
ޱӵ
Ӳļ׳ţܹĸܵǹĹҵļ
˲䣬һɵܹȫ
ļƤٴð˳
һ
ʮ꣬δһ󣬻Ļ棬ִ̫˺żͬعһһ˯Ȼ⣬Ҳδͬһ˯ˡ
³ˡ
ɽؾһˡ
ײβĴܿӰˡ
δκͬӵߡ
ǣˡ
ǵһ 
Ӧź֪ʶ֮˾ǹɽķ
Ҳʱ˿̾εȵĴԼ֮ǰЩʲô
ǹɽ˿̵ӵ˻
ţ
ؿһ۰򣬷·סˣͬһ𣬽ġ
ɽ˸󣬸˰һͷԵø⽿С
ë
ͷƤôһ˲淢顣
ֻüΪӦġܽӴ
ȫˣȻͳɻˣȻ͡޼ˡ
ڴ֮ǰġ
еķޡ
Ϊǰɻգؾ㲻̲ǳ̬
Ȼ
ǳɻôһ˯ȥȴǵһһ
ǰأڰϱʹû˹ȥʱûӰ
һΡ
˼ȻصһƵġ
ȫȻʹģҲȫȻʹģʱЩȴǰǰ㣬ͬѹ룬ʹˡ

ȻͺһƬ
ǻ룬֣߳޲Ѱطȥ
ôܹ
ֻҹһƵġ
ʰ
һʱЩպޣЩ߳ܡ
ˣȥҪɱˡ
˼صʵС
˿̣֮˵ĺ೤
ȵıһһ´ڰļϣϣɸ˶¡
ˡδѡ
ôˣδĹɽݽµ˵ղˣʱͷ컹Ǻڵģֱ䳡һԡȥš
ʱˣôû𣿻ûѣ
۵ô
뵽΢΢һ͡
֪ǲԼĴգȡƵġ
գûй˼Լһֱڡȡ
뵽ʱԷѵõġڡǷʲôô
Ȼڴ֮ǰ׮һ߾꣬ƵƵûĸİƢһ׼Ŀңˣﻹ
֪ܸģֵúãⱲӾϡͿĹȥҲǲԡ
š
һʱ̫ѹ˳ֻСͨ죬ҪϢˡ
ʶرҪǳǰĹˣٽĹצӴû
Ȼ´Σ㻭д۵СۣĻǣĶ顣
ֻԼƬİϤĻѳȴζѲգֻСؽԼǰ۷̧ȻСŲŲŲŲۿڿҪԼŲˣȴڷķҪ̧һ̣ۺ׾ٵĴӰ˿Ȼವһ£ٴγŰؿһңȻ󣬹סӣٶһЩҪİٶȱΧˡ
л˵
ʫ
ףʢ̫ƽףƽ֣


35 
һ, ΪԷȻˡ
Ȼһ޶ȥ޶ˡ
ǡûѣ
Էʵ̫ˣЩܣؼ, ˴˿̹ӵ, ˫ÿһ缡ĸܵõ
Ķ䳱һƬ
, ֻ̲ס͵͵һۡ
ӱ̶ס, Ų󶯣Դ, 䲻ת˹ȥ, һ, ȴ, ֻ֮˻ۡ
ĿԼ䡣
ԷЩ˯첻, ܿ, һһ˹, һĿǸոѵ, һˡ
ĬĬƬ̡
һ, ವһ½ת˹ȥ
ʱ, ɫ, ͷϡϸϸ죬ԺŮǸˡ
ҧŴƬ̡
˶ûп˵
֮Ҳκζ
ƵĴھĵġ
ɵɫ͸Ĵ˽, ϡԿֵļӰ
, ڸѵ״̬, Խġ
հЩ졣
㳱ʪϢ, ﲻסˣΣֻ̲ס̧֣Źǰϴ£΢΢ǳÿҪˡ
װʧ㣬ҹ֮Ժ󣬶ͼڸЩԴԴϵܻ߳档
򶨿ڡ
룬һڣɤӾɳһƬ
һ£Żҹʿĳ档
һʱҧأ޲ý֮һ´ȥĻֻöˡĸȥˡ
使߳ȴһЦ˵ʱЦ磬ٵӣ̫۶ôĺͺ£ҲһֱԼջЦ
ȴû뵽ǰ
ҹ߳ͣ޵ίַߺޣֻ뱻Уá
ſţ˳ᣬָ⣬ô
һڣ޲ܵʧˡ
ȴ룬һ䣬е۷ǵûг룬ԽԽʱ֮§̼䷭
һӦǰĺӰһΣһת䣬ɲţֱͦͦ˱ϡ
һɽʯǯţȻ
Ȼһ̡
ֳ̧ǰ֧֧㡭Ҫʲô
Ȼλεġ仯ĻƱ֪ʰ㡣
ʱֻϿ֮ˣͷڵѵֻԼ΢ô
ɽš
ͳɳơ
Σա
谵УϡԿԷ絶̵ĲԼ˫İڵӥۡ
һ
ַߡ
һʱҹȻƣߣָͷ̧ˡ
ȻȴȻδˣҪŻʱûɿ쳶ˮȻһ˼顱Уºƶ˷ɿ̧ˮ˽
ս԰ȡʤա
ǵģϧۣڽٰº󣬱ڴһĽһϸС壬˵̺ϣƽղһƮڰգ졣
ҹʱĴ˫ڵпˡ⡱֡
ʹ߳ܣҲùֹĳܡ
ҹҲ㲻ϳܣһݣǣ˱˻ԡ
±ռˣֵʱΨˮһˡ
ɽֻⷬԼˡ
β˼ȴȻֽ̧ţˣáȥˡ
аո⵵µġ
֪ˣҪˡ
ҧš
ɽȴ̧֣һסֻֿģʱ硣
ҧǡǾͷ
ɽ
һ䣬һŰһֻ֣ͷʵĽͷͷչᵷ
ζ
ɽᣬǳǳֹ
ȻǷŶ֮˵ƮͷǶ˵Ķôˣɽδ˾죬ʱʱյſڲ鿴
Ųһս˲䣬󾪣ֻԼλεˣǰܹ߳㣬ͬѹʾ˰㣬Ҳͬڡ͵㣬߳ܵ÷ңɴĻ
һ㵹һڡ
ֻûʡƵġ
һʱ˼⣬ҧء
ҲҧŴ̲סһ̧סĴ
˷׷׽ֲҳһ¡
Ȼ⵵ڣԽǲȴԽûһǧֻһֻڿҧ㡣
ʱ˾˫˫
Ǵ졣
˿ô
ͷ˵Ż˵ţ߲ſڣϸϸ˶
ȵûаǲˣ
ѵô
һʱ˶䣬ֵ˷ԸһҲˣȽԺɨˣóˮɡ
ȥˡ
ҲԶȥԺ¶ˡ
췽һԶڵİҲ̲סƵģһһںҧ˹ɽϡ
ɽǻð̲סһʼҧ
һϸ󣬹ɽˣ齡
ֻǰδеͳС
·ˮȴ˲⣬ԱŰԡ޶ǰϴһɽĵĽţš
ӵŮǣȻ˲ͬ׷׼üŪۡ
룬Ÿհʱλ֮͡
û̫Ҫɹƨˡ
һģŸˣ±Իˡ
̫أ̫ںɽһµأò׻ظ󣬱ԷõʳЩȣɴϵȻؿڵģԭҲ߰˰˴պϰˡ
ԴǰҲ硱ײӾĳʳ󣬲ڽ⣬Ҳڲסˡ
Ҫ⣬أҪ⡣
ǣһۣͣӱˡ
ȴ룬գһ㲻иǸ羹Ҳڣ¶ʱƤˣ޲໽
ɽ¹ӶҪˣһʱҭҲ÷վһأһʱüͷһԸҲ˫Ӱա
ȴֱҪ·һ㿪ʼﱨ˵ϺʽȣûϺʽȣˣˣˮ⽣֣ܽƤб򶹸
һ߱һߺ޲ˮ
ĳʳȫ¿ɿڣЩԶûԹһˮ˵ɣԴ⽶Ǵһ룬Ƥڶɰˮ⽣ƤڶȴҲССһöڼһ죬޲ܽһ̽ȥ
ؼǣÿһֻ⽻ûüˣ˳źˡ
»ͰţȻŮȴ˵ÿֻʳϡȱÿʮղŹһأԣõȵʮպˡ
Ϊĳǹ
ÿʮյĲ׶ص
ʶΪһ⽣¶ͰʮգԵˡ
ȴ룬ŷһϵĵһϺʽȣ˫ģδüӣǸ羹һһֻϺʽȼŷ˰ĵ
һģ㵱˹
ǰʳûôˡ
źϰˣֻ治ɫļССʳ
ţûΪɷġ̷ֻ̩ܳȻ֮Žʳ
޶ʱû˵
Ľȴ֮ദЩͬ
ĴͬҲ˵ǲͬˡ
ң֪ǲĴֻýյĿոҪĿЩ˵ģ͸죬Ⱥƻÿǲֻ֬ﰲǶһƵģֱϹ˵ۣգȴöâ˼֣ȴҪҫ˼֡
ӵֱתţֱʱϡһĻһʱָŰĲѽ²˳ӣɾգƣ㲱ǲǱҧˣôһƬ
һ˵š
˵һҪаȥԲ鿴
ȴԣʶصͷ˿
Ȼ߱ڵסˣʲôҲ
һԵĹɽ˳ƿȥƳϵƬ÷ʱ˫˲İһ˲仺̧ȥһ½£ˣסö죬ŵͿһŽµȥ
»ٴա
ɽ
˻ȥСֹߣֲǼ˵Ķʲôܿġ
һ䣬һ£ź֪Ӧ˹˳Լ˵Ķʲô˼˲䣬Ȼѣò׶ĿǣЩһ̳˹
һʱһݺݵֱȥ
һϵĻ̲סҪһһðˡ
ɽ»һʱӣΣֻڡ㣬ٶȾӣһöϺʽȷ˰ĵ
ϲԣ֪ɽ
л˵



36 
˵, ùź󣬹ɽֱȥš
ظͷһԽ䳡ǵҪŶӸһһץ, ̾
, òֵҽոд, ҿ˰µĶ, ˼ʮֵǣͷһõ, غö˶˵, աƫأ
˵䳡, ԾԾԵ˷һҹ, ȴ, ֪վ䳡ˣֱȥź, ˲ͬйĺƵ, ͷɥš
ԭÿµ, ȫ˰ٸ໤, ٽƽձ, ȡǰʮ, ÿտһ䳡ͬĻᡣ
书ɴ˧ڣ׸ھӪ˺ü, ȥĹ, Ȼȴ˿, , һ֡
ĸ˶ȭͷ˵һ·նòлõָ㣬ֱܲѣΪˣһû˯ȴ룬òε˿գһʱƲ֡
СëͲ˰աʱ곤˹ЦˣĶ˵㣬պ䳡²ȱϯ
ĸ̾š
Ϊɶ
һɻ󲻽⡣
˵˵ҲǸճ׵ģ˵˵Ϊνȱϯ䳡
ȤĽԶ޹ʱĽ˲ͺһƬһʱǵʮϴǷ׷׹Ц
ﷴӦ˹˵ΪΪӶ䣬һʱЩͷţϲǿô
һ󲻽̽š
ƨƵòĸ˻᲻ϲأ崵ӵ۷ţΣֺٺٴȤţʵ֪ϲϲҲѱպֻ迴ûĻᣬⲻƳôҲɵСӣͼ˿أɵ㶵ǵģ
䳡ڣͷһȱϯը˹׷岻ѡ
ڣɽһڣ㿪ʼִ񣬴֮ǰİټ
ͷһڶܺУ˵飬ĻУδἰ˽Ϊģš
˵Ľ꾩йڰҥһһϸš
Ϊε©˹ڿҥһ
ֻǣԽ˵ԽС
ֱ䡪
Ҳ˵⼸꣬ͷЩģ
˵ɽһϮۼ㣬׺ҩѰɫΪȻϮԲ۴ϣȴеӢˬ£ƽ׶˼֥ζ
ʱȡʱ̲ס϶ۡ
Ƿţڴ˿̣˼֮
˿ֻ̣֣Ŵڣֶãһһǵõҵԭô
ɽ죬˫΢Уһһ仺˵š
ԭǣغ޾ϸ
еĶõͷֻ̼ȭ£ʧְ𷣡
ɽ֣ĴָһһĦеöָΣȥְȥһپ
һ㶣ãֻ칧ǣ
˵գɿȥ
һߣһԵһʱӣոЩһְֱأͷ᲻ЩϿЩ
ɽȴ۵˼ҵİÿһ鱨غҴݵ°ֲء
˵գһʱ֣˴⡣
غһ£ҪΪ¸һ룬һ룬Ը
ԭ뾩Щ꣬ԾǶָƣȴΨ˿
԰´ָȴ˿Ϸļලá
ڵյĵڶܺʱ뺷ִ紦ӣǵ٣һ򵥵飬ϵڶʱ˵һãǷܱδü鿴㱻̾ϵһﵱغڰ˸һɶ
ȴδϣǰɣоܱ˹غһ¡
´Ҵңһ£ǿ̲ݻδܹ˼δϵһߣ顣
뵽հһžúϺº԰ǳӡյ»Ǽõɫ˰գǹλ̫һ֮¾ֱˣҲϡ֮°ա
ţɽתеָֺʱƬ̲´漰÷ʱڶȻߵ¶ȣɽһʱ΢תʱɫѻָ糣ֻԸȥһЩϲá
˵գüͷһȴһۣ·𻰵һ;ֹסˡ
ȴбۿ·Щġ
񿴵òԣӣ㿴
ֻǹɽɨһۣüһ˼磬Ǹģôؾôˣȴ˲١
ɽ˵š
޹ɫһ㶣Ƭ̺󣬻ΪԼʲôһʱоӴС޶ۣɷ񡭡ʾ
ȴǹɽ֣ⲽǰһ߷ϵľڣһߵؾôˣû絽һŮ
ɽĵš
һӦ󣬶ʱһίģӣؾһ¶Щʲô˲֪֪İһһΣƣһ׶æ׸ȫ̵һ鲻˵ǧݾȫһҲ˵»һ߷ð˼ˣø籱ܺЩæͷյģͷöģˮԷĹûУ˵ĶѰĹȥ翤ǰŮܲԼ鲻ʱ㿤˿¼Aͷ㽫̵ͷϣδҲ̫ԩ˰ɡ
˵ΪԼ˶𣬽һûȥͽˡ
ʱίˡ
һʱ̲סСֹ˵ˣ˿ȣǶԹҲӦõģοЩŮһ۸ڶģҲδöô磬СˣСȥģ˼δܴСˡ
̲סСֹš
ȻϮɲĿŵȥӣֻҷϺֹš
ᣬʱüͷһ
ͷСȥȥˣ
˵䣬Цˡ
̤ţͷҴˣˣˣˣϷһأϤңֵĻ̻̣ȥְִա
һˣɽϳԴһţ룬ճţӭһλ֮͡
ֻּҵĶδᳵӣһöŮǰҪȴԥ
ɽһӯӯ˴ˡ
ɽЩ⣬Ƭ̺üͷšδֶǰãҪ
δɽĴҴңּװҪ£һЦһܵ˿Ҫˣδ²˿ȥҪͷ˿δ
ɽԣɫƽʱ΢΢ףҲáֵǽȥʦү
˵գɽٶ໰ֱǣȥ
һ忡ҴǰֱʧˣδȻջĿ⡣


37 
˵ɽߺ, ͷͺͺģΪݽߣΪ, ʼıҪҪͥԺ
ɽĻ³, δ֪, ɽ˷ؾ, ƻ㡭Ȼ֪ݾܹάֶ, ˵߱, һ߱, Ѷ, ȴַ·һ, ʼ࡭ά֮ˡ
Ʃ磬, ѵںεֺͷά
Ʃ, ҹ֪ʲô衣
ֱһһ
, 롣
˵˼ǲɹ
Ҳȥ
Ȼ˶Ѿ⽫, ܲմպϰ, ¿ɴպ, ϰߴպЩѡ
Ǹ޵լԺ£㵱ʱ, չ˻, ڻע, βⷽͥԺ
³Ա, ҪͥԺҲ£ʼΧŰָֻŵڶߴǧܰգЩѣյ˿һߵǧһ߳ѣϼҵԺͷиǧܣһߵǧһһһҧ޶һѣˡ
´Ҵҵ
īһ٣ü˽һۣǰѣѶϴ𣿡
Ƕ档
ȴֵɲû˵ˣĶ㽲µĻ˵ܹĶõĶӱǰöֱ֮ӿˣҲûϴҲûκëôǲˣǼϵָӸԹأڳʳ
һ԰ڵ˵ţҲ˵Խƨ
룬˵˰ա
˵ȥⱲǳԲˡ
ѵϼңְȰȰȵİһͨʱϼҵ飬֪Сˣ룬ڶǵλñѼ֣ŽµģðǧܰգպѳˣҳԲģø𡣡
˵š
һĸð˸ǧܣһ˺޲ñQһʱֻСظһͦر֤ҸҸһڱһĻӵķݣֻܽ˱ǡ
˵ţĩˣ°㣬һ˯żβ𣬲ϲҲС㣬ͷԳźԣּԽ˵ԽƫðԺð켸һСӡ
һ飬̲ס˸ĵⶼĶĶͻᣬôǰ԰
ҪʱļҸ°ᵽԺͷСˣðܲ۽ߴʵٷŻ
ʱ޲õѺͷСţĿƣ׿ۣǴĸλģ
һʱ𣬽ÿͬɽձĴ󹫼Ļ棬һʱŵð˸¡
ɽñȼ磬Ψһˡ
̫£붼¡
ŵðϽһˣǴյˣ͵͵ưա
˵һգֱͬɻ˰̫ʦκ͹ϣŰ۵Сۣ˿ûҪߵ˼
ټĽȫЩĳǣǰھӪʱûضȥֻܸЩʿƴƴ򣬿⽫Դ󣬽¾͸ĴƵģֻáԭŮӾģԭŮЩЩӽȻֱͬһһء
ӵĶĲ˵ͷı辫ۻңŲۣЩЩδģͷζʶ·𴦵ĲͬŶȱ𴦸Ϊ̹޲ƨɶˣǰβϵᣣҹϵ̺ӣƯ칬Ƶģ뽪ȫ⣬ЩϡŹֵƿƿ޹ˡ
ôһԱȣ͸Ƶġ
ǽ͵Ӽ򣬶ȴǼõģǸӵԵʣѡζЩģҲգҷɫѣϾײͣͬҷɫ˿ŮϵĶƸټС㣬ᰲ͸칬Ƶġ
ﲻ칬ͷת벻ȥԼĹء
ˣУУǵӵĶݣƯװţԺƯòӣȻˣӵ÷·ƸȦƵġ
һǧһ벻ͨ
ֻҪߣˣ˯Ʊȱ𴦸ЩƵġ
Ǹвסģ˲Ƭ̣˴Ҵҵ»ʲôʱᣬȥգڸгȥ棬Щӣɻյĸϵӣӣ۾ȥɣȥɡ
˵һһ
һʼ˵ȥ磬ȥȥģȥ˲ŷ־ȻͦģһǻǹӵģֱˣֺóԣֺÿҲһһĺ档
º޲ȥ硣
һ䣬ȴǹϾĵģһ´̫ʦչȥһֻŸڹ˯ˡ
ʵ̫ˡ
һޣ֡
ʱЩƣۣˣڹһڽŰȰȰȸͣСĴ£Щ˯
˯˯ţ֪أȻһವһۣŵĴ˹СŴʮĸǰֻĲоţףˣǲǡǲǸչš
ֻ¶ŰĲͷбԵоţĩˣͼҪְڲ鿴ס
ŵðɫһ㶣һ棬һּǽ¼һڤ˼ҲǹŪİ
˵һʱ˵ھӪͷ͵Щӣʱ˫һֱһ˼ĶŰĪǡĪǸ۸գ
һŵĿŰ
ھӪʱ͵͵ӪĽʿ˵뻰Щ¾ӷ˼ٽð춫ȥͷҤȥˣ˵޲µȫ綼ˡ
һŪЩҿޣûһ⣬ͷ޲ýǸˣǲŽ۷硣
񣬿⣬ûô
Ҫ֪ѩϸƤ⣬׵ûۣһ£ѩɫ
۸
˵Ǳ۸ʱֿģ
˵ֻҤŮӣŻᱻ۸ʮң
񣬿ҲǱǸ۸ô
۸û⣬ͷ޲øϵ֣
ѹ֣һ磬Ǹڵò񻰣
ˣºʱǸ簮ģɲŹһҹĿбӣＫ٣ɤӻˣʱ˵Ⱦ˷纮ʱδ룬ȴô©
뵽ǸǸѵõģ
Լһƣۣ˯ģ
ţǸ硭Ǹ羿ԿЩʲô
ЩӶǰ۷磬µǸˡ
ԣݸ߹ĿҲӲǵô
¿񣬶ʱ
ʱͬΪŮӵķ߿߲ѣһʱֻݺݵҧҧģǸ۸㣬ҡҲӲģҡ̫˵ȥ
˵ڰһȻУĳ˳ȥ̫״ȥˡ
ʱ˯ѣ˹ɫһͣȥȻԺŮһϸ첲ϸȣȵ˹Ľ͡
һۼ䣬ơµ׷ȥʱû˽°Ӱ

ʡʲô
áӦԣ
͡˸ô
̫ܲھͶȥɽ¼
ɽܱܲˣ
ڽ¡ܲߵը׸ˣ֣
ǲǡҪûˡ
ʱſӣдţ뽪£ڡ
ٲһ䣺ͬϣ
֪㲻һǿǿȵķӣ


38 
̫̫
˵, Էڣ»ɫͼӴ׵ĽĲ״ߡ߷߲ƽĭɵһһʱСظĵ, 漴, һڴĿ޺ϵ̫, ڴ, ȥŽǸץúѵһ١
ȴһ̫˿̾˫ۡ
һԵҲŹ, Ƕ΢΢鶯š
һʱ治ʲô˼, ΪԼԴǲ, ֵ, ̫, ţۼ, ǲ֪ǽһҰ, һӶ÷ϣò, ֱûһ, , пټ, ǸǰСèƵģҿһ, ǱǸ۸, ˿߹һ, е۸ų, һɣǸ綨Щֶ̬Σÿˣǲ֪ſŶ˯ˣɼжᣬſˡ
°ȰȰ˵ţһתֵߣǸ統ھӪʱö˶˵ˣһݣһؾˣߣ˵ʢؽ縻ۣ˵ЩĹһĶа˰ٸӣǸᵱĹ٣ٳЩѬĸܻˣʼ㲻ĺˡ
ˣһ˵Ǹ罫궼˼ңɼǸĺݵġ
Խ˵Խ˵˵ſʼˡ
գлϮû뽪µĶˡ
ɴ˿ɼ޷粻ˡ
Ǹ۸ɲһˡ
˵˵ţöˡ
ٶһȴ̫ЩĪɫŹ֣㻹ҪȰȰȣʱֻԹ̫ڻۣתеķ󣬶˽һۣڻڵˣ֪ˡ
Ŷţڵһˣȴ˰Σûˣ⣿
һ˼֮ʵļ֮ʡ
ʱֻ̫Ƭ̣䲻飬ͿˣĪҪ´ˣ֪
̫Ըš
һ֪֪֪ܻܰǸⷬоһعˣŷʿɱУʡãʡã̫һҪǸѵһ٣ƼˣһǻҪܵģ
һ˵š
̫·飬ˡʱҪˣȥϴ׼Űա
ȴС񴽵һȥӰã˳ȥ㿤գ
˵ţҪⴳ̲סɺںͷʵ㲻ϲλôô񡪡
ЦЦš
ԽŲһ٣ֻЩӲҡһǲϲϲϲһ£ƳͶһ¶ˣߣ
˵գһԲԡŤŤ̤ӡ
һߣЦһ飬ϡ
ﾲĵģƬ̵š
ΣλһЦȿڣļž̫Цеͬò
һһο
ȴϣ̫ȴеķһգˡ
˶٣ֵܡ޹˼ɡ
ȴЦŵѪգҲпԭ˵ˣòӰ˶ǶҲǡ
ּüŪֵۣοͬˣ⼸ط־ӣ˼꣬òžˣūһֱСദΨֶ֮϶ˣūˣū۳ţԿǶάġ
Це˵ţֵ˼˿ϡ裬ͬͺձǹ˼ִСĻϺүȪ֪ҲðϢˡ
һĳԸ
̫ԣϵĹѵ֮ɫڵ˼֣ȻƬ̺΢΢һ٣ǡ
һ룬ȥˣãһ磬̫빬̽һա
**
˵ǿ顰뽪²ڡӻûüˣֺܿյȥһĳŰ̧̧С°ͣģ̫ģǸֵһ׼̫˹ãĪҪ£۸ұǣһ׼ͷ
Žţӣȴ޲ýϵ廨Ьһȥ
ˣδ¸٣ȥԷ밲ˡ
û
ùź󣬰ϢƬ̣ϣҪ˯ʱͷַˡ
ЩȣĽ㣿
ϴһȥӭյԺſʱȴɽǰһˡ
Ľ㣬ϡϡ͡
ǰ֣Цӭš
Цʱûдա
ЦʱԣĽʱҶһӭһ˵
˺һſǴҪԸ
ϱ߳һ׮ӣȥ참ˣСĻһ˵Ųصˣ˽ҹҪ飬ÿЩţЩЪ
ġ΢ľ֡
ˣȴβһĵˣ粻ƫڿ˵ʱ˵һ˵ģάò֪ãʵ򡪡
Ųס
ԭһʱɽ˻ţظš
һ̧ۣȻЦӯӯĿ⣬΢΢һȣȴЩա
װƸˣʵͷ˲¹ͷĶǡ
ǰǶ˵һׯģɸȵĹͨǣһˡڵʲôӣգ
˵Сʲ⣬Ǵ˴˵˼
ԥһ⣬ſڵϱ߽׮
һ䣬ַ˶ֵģ׽ù鰸ˣյġ
ˣһ䣬ؿڣһһʱ참ʱЩ
ǣŹȥˡ
Ͻݣϵ벻̫ƽʢ£ҲҲ֪ǴͽףǶСһ䲻ʶ˿ϧ
Ƹпţ˫ھϻһתڴһ⣬˰ϣЦŵû룬λ˿ŮκĵһӣǸˡ
ЦŽȤš
Щ⣬罫Է޶֮Ĺϵ񣬸ߣڣҲ׷Ϸ˵λǰ㡣
ϿȴȻ
ϵĴȤ˵һ򶨵ôЩ꣬ҲһأⲻˣƫĽײˣһ꣬ͻؾһûӰӣƫͽƲ㿴˲
󷽷ĽˡܻţԲݸɫ泱죬˫ۣˮģͷһشˮ֪Ǹģ
ɫһ
ɫ죬ɹеĽôˣһˡ
ϳ˳Ц̫ˣòʱ򡣡
ϵ٩š
΢΢һ壬𵱳صǴΣҲڡڶһ磬Ľˣ˯û
޹ֺϴȤʵζƵģֻҪһôɡ
ʵҴ˷ǰѵġ
ѹֱӿżɽ⡣
˵⻰ʱϵЦ⵭ȥƣΡ
һݡ
ֻŰ֣һĳŰλá


39 
δ룿
뵽ʱ, ɫһݡ
δΪҪ
δ׷ǹʣκθϵκ, ǳҲй, , ǵͬڻʼԺ, Ļᶼࡣ
Ψһϵǡ
Ծ, δ, ЩС
䲻˵һ, , ϲ, ȴҲǰԴʵĸܡ
νۣȺ, , Щ²죬ȴȻø, Щ, Ȼϲ
, 絤D, 罪£һȽһĸǰ, ȴȤ, Ϸɷ־Ӷ, δ, ΪDˣ졢ӣʵ峺˼Ӳ˼ȫϣƵȤ
δˣ˵̬ľأʵ˫ȴ۲磬Щӯӯͷ
ͱֵǰ㵭Ȼ֮
йоۡ
Ľۣһ˫ÿһһ̧ɺԵдһ˵
ֻЦһ£˵ҲԼãȻɻʵ̫ˣͷ˶ӣ²ڿڣǱߡ
̾˿һ鳤ЩУҪôԶޣҪôͼޣǹϵڸӣҪô߹D㻹δɻģ鷢ˣƣ˵˵ȴʵ֪ø˭˵
˵俴ǿջЦһ¡
ס֣˵ֻͬ˵գ֪ģ˴СϲЩӣϲ£Ѳ࣬ײ⴫ġ
ЦŵȤš
ˣʱЦִ̧˰һ£ͬʱⷬ״˹ǣһİһʱƬ̣ʵЩкüˡ
˵仰ʱɫЩӣһһʺ̧һĿšͨһ˵ô
䶨ĿŰ
һ㵣ҲγЦң˰ա
˵ţ䳤̾һҶЩħ˰գܾáܾЩ귢ϵ鶼ЩˣڣЩʶλƵģ㻹ǵôλóʼѧԺʱ˵ĵһӦʲôô˵ĵһӦǡѽĽ㾹иáǡĽҵþˣΪСˡҶλöûйӡ󣬲Ǽпãʵﻳ̥ʱˤһӣ߸±ˣЩӣҲһֱܲ磬ܲȣʶԳһֱڸмٳţһֱʮһ꣬òһ˵˸ΣѰȥһСͷСס£ʱþǳ̥ǳױһˡ
뷨ǰ󣬼ֱྶͥһͬ׿ϰ㣬֪ģ֪ˣʱʱݵ䣬뷨ߣżųԣ˵˭涨ŮӱҪޣⱲӲɻ֮ʴʣø״ӵۣһ⣬ͣ
ЩʱһڼУʶЩ黹żӡ֮󲻾ãףҲд֣ãһ˻ʼѧԺ󣬷·һͨ鿪ϰ㣬ʦͣڻʼѧԺѧһ£ȥʱҲ࿴ˣôЩ˼СԹ˼룬ǰۣǵôӹĿ࿴ľ£ʵϡ棬ڸʱʱݣЩһһյۣǰ׻һͷ׶мӣ֮ţֻжһȺڣЩ
һһ渵侲ƽ΢΢ĿУЩƽʱֻҵһЦʵҲĽֻǣ֮ǰּҵճŮǧ谮һʱԶֻһȴƺҪǵиŮˣЩˡ
Ҳˡ
̫꣬һź˳УŮͬһҰܺƺһˡңЩԶĸףȥʱظ̽һ⣬ĸҲ϶ˣˡ
˵Ϻջ֣ḧ˸ԼС･ۣʵвۣòø׳谮żЩƽɶʱ̣ȴҲΪˣΪõһжõõģɫԸϲֻǣûϵ
˵˵ţ侲ֻһʱԼĶӣţãವһɿˣϼһĨѿЦݣŰ빬ʱ㲻ǻ˵ɫѿôʱոСʧȥ˸ӡ
ϵ͵˵ţϼЦţҪװƽ侲Ȼ˫ȴĺһƬ
ɫһ㶡
һʱ˿䣬Ŀ֮ƵС
βһ빬ΰݣʱĽһ԰ףһȦˣ˶ƮƮģǰصѶסʼֻ˵˳ԭǡСˡ
ѹ֮ǰڰʱֹʱп԰ա
λֶйô
һʱšüϡ
֣꣬Ȱһ꣬ʵ˽ѽЩϤϤ
֪Եʡ
ȻϺö˶˵ģ֣ҵһ˵ĿȫˢˢĿʼĶƤˣû뵽Сˡ
Ŀ⽥Щ
ȴҡҡͷ޹أֻշƣ˵һ䡭ΪȢ㣬Ҷʱŵǣջ㱣š
ϻ˵š
˹ȥ
ɫ㶣һ̣һɰо𣬶ʱȻŭ֣е˵˱֮˻⣿Īл˲ɣδôǣ֣УǺüˣ̫֮Ů֮Ů֮ģ޸ս֣ңǱˣѵ㲻ɣǣڻʼѧԺǻڣһ˫ۺ޲ϣֶ´࣬ȢŲú㹩ţ㣬ǣҵҪ֣ңúøҪ˵ɣ
ʱòȻŭ
һᵭȻΪЦˣȴ룬˿̾ǰ
ΪģǡǣعŮʱʸɣԴ֣ͬ˶
ʱ֣пе˿УĽУʼԺ˶Ƶó
̫ǵʦʱ˵Ʒоѵ䣬£̫ճŮ䣬ĸȻǴ֣нãٳ̲ճ֮Ů֮ģ䣬תȢǧ
ԭ֣кˣһԡ
ȴ롪
˵һĴˡ
ͺعͰҲ·𳹵ι˹㡣
ֱȹɽˡ겻ˡץ


40 
, Ĩᣬתͷ߳ŭæŰĪ, ΪȲ֮, š
仺, ˵, ˶٣ֵԭȲ֪, ֻΪǷ֮, ֱ俴, ּ͵͵Щʫ, һᶼ, ٺϸϸ۲죬Ƕ֮۲ת㺰, ˽ִһ, ʮģŶȻ, Ѿ, õ
Цһ, ֣пҵЩĿ, ȫͶһ˵ġ
仺˵š
ˣŭݣ, ֻ, ˼, Ѱ̥ͨˣ
ҡҡͷһץǡе֤ݡЦĿŰ, ҾЩҡ
һ䣬ֵβˣֻ֣һԸˣϾλѡȣδûὫѻ֣з
˵һĿҽҪԭ򡣡
̾һ֪ǲҵĴܾƶԡԹ˴˺Ƹ࿴˲ͬȻ֪ҫҲһ̫ŮܸᲢۣڹ˴һݽˣܾѲӡǸŮˣһҹ֮͸Ƥ»˸оƵģʱʱòʶˣò䲻ò˷ⷢ˼룬ǿɰ˼֮޲øУŮӣһʮ꣬Ǽٿʱ;úƵģǰʻǰأŮӣǶӣȻҲ˵˴˻ᱻǣߣֻѿһˡ
š
һ䣬ֻһų˳Цб˴Ļһ˵öˡ
˵ⷬüۼ˼·浭˼
ԣһʱɫӣ֪ΰοΣͽ㻹ͷ
˶٣ֵ㡭кδ㲻
ҡҡͷҲ֪
˶٣ЦܲЩ翵֣֣ҳ˺ȻԼһƶʵա
˱µʦ£ǸģҴСܸ׳谮δ̣гڵԵʣΪôһ׮Ů˽飬£֣ҵеλ֮ŵŮ׶͸Ұա
˵ţ㿴ŮӾ̣
֣һҪ檣ͨƣȴҲòȫֻǣǳɻ鲻ѣһ»֮ڣΪΣǵƫƫҪأ
ֻû뵽СׯɣԸΪΪҫĸ׵ĶׯΪģŮģʣɵͷģ
ңΣ
պ̧ۿš
ûϵ侹дһʣƬ̣ڵңҿܻὫλλ÷ĴϣǣνˣȫԹŮݣ
Цһ˵š
ˣֻЦЦ֪ߵ˼߳ŭ֮ԡ
ǰĻйˣǡˣ
˵˸á
ɫȥˣò׼ʱ䣬û룬죬ںʱʱʱһڣգ̫֮ɽˡ
Щᡣ
»ȥ̽㣬Уʱӭ
һ·͵˹˼Ҵſڣ룬յſʱּǸǰŸոȥҴҼ
ˡôֻˣ
ĪǷʲô鲻ɣ
ڰĥ䣬ֻܿ췭ǣ˹
бɨһۣ绤ȥˣҴˡʲôⲻɣ
ɫš
֪ǲĴֻÿ֮ǰǧ𣬴żζ
һ̧ۣɫ䵭ȴκֻΪԼƴˡ
ЦһڵǴ»ػģ˵շﷸйˣӰʮ˳ܸϽյţСĻһÿڷǶ˿ãöŶӣֻ轫Ƿżɡ
һüЦţ֮⣬һ䣬ֻ참ʱҲʱʱſɼڴĿжҪ
һϲ̵ƨ
ΪⷬõĺɫȴЦһ
˲ֻЩ¡
ĵĶ˵˲
ôö˶˵ģ۳ţɫδж໶ϲ
԰Ѱ˼ҵļż̫̫ĸ˲ϲüңϲʤɱκһңҵ̫̫һ绶ϲϲĸǮˣô˿ߣĲͬˣûд͵ġԾǮҲˣɫûС
˴еǵĻѵøеô
һԺ֮ʱֻһԵЦųſҽһǰˡ
ЦŴȤŰ
вȱۺ͸ӡ
չǸһ۸ڶĹǣǸԶԿΪϲĹǣﾹ˳ղſġ
ʵ
ɴ˿ɼͷĴԣöôס
ǰţŹ˴˶ſɣȴֵõ㡣
˵ţЩĿˣ绤Žһ׮ʲôİӰ˵ôƵô찡
š
˿һۣıɱ׷򰸣˵ɷͷ˻죬ҤļˡŮԼӣҪӸˣ˷ֺ󣬸˽ɷúҩˣɷƣֽŶѪȣǸ˲ܣˡ
С˵š
룬⻰һֻͬ˶һۣʱͬʱ죬ɫֻЩ
ԭ˵׮ӣڿǰԣ˵Щͷȥãַɫ죬һãһʱЩ࣬ĵƨôôô԰
һʱһֻ̧ۣһûˣǴнգ죬ظҲɣ
һ˵š
һ䣬һɼ˾ûһö˵գϣҲû̧ۿֱۣӱһԲĽ˸
񾭴˿Ҳ˳ĵһ⣬鲻ѣǼòƱ޹ǣˡ
ţץӱ޻ȥţô飬ⱻ޹ǣˣͲˡ


41 
˵, ӱ޸ϵ׸ʱɽøմг︾ȫǰδе˳, Ȼһһı, ȴɽζɲ
ߵĲ״, ︾ľ侲Ļʱʱǰ, ɽɳ˼
ĥ, ︾, һ˰, 侲Ľȫг, ûһ˿, Ҳûһ˿ºͻںޣк, ü۶û̧һ, ֻɫľګĹڴϣȫ͸һɸľ, ·ֻһ
, , ʲô
ڹɽʱ, ʱɽܿ컺, ɨһ, ʵնæЩʲô
˵, ػ, ֵظա
æµһգ˿̣ѵЩƼ
ȴϣȴ֧֧Ľһ
ɽɨ
ֻСĿ˹ɽһۣ̽ſڵ˵˵ûûˣûظˣǻˣҲûûķˡ
С΢˵š
ɽ˴˻һ£Ƭ̺˫һʱ΢΢ûף
ôһ˲Ϊصƶϡ
ԣΪ߽ġݣպޣ
ǹɽĵһӦ
Ƭֺ̺ܿ췢˶ߡ
ǱǣȥܵĵڶˣȥĵһλһδκҲ˵ٵʱ黹ƽģô
˵ǻˣŸʱתˡ
ɽ´һ⣬ܿ췴Ӧ˹ֻ죬ɨö˶˵㴫ˣ㴥˿أ
ɽһ˫ϡƽȴϬ
ίԩڿͷ϶ǸһٸӣҲҴ˿۰
ţ룬ֻ·һɫЩԣŶˣַ˵ɫ·ҲЩ¶²⣬ַ˽ո˵Щ˽ÿͬ˰գˣ··߶һ˾ûһö֮ƣɼ治ҵ¶ҾһģĻǵͷȥ
͵۹ɽɫȰȰȵıţ޲ܽԸժһɶ
ɽһʱ̧üģȴι˹
һʱȻˡ
ͬʱҲһãջؾʱȥһŮⱲҲժˡ
˺κиãǶб޹ǣɣ
һʧǧźޡ
ţȴɨһۣ²࣡
һ䣬ɽ󲽿š
п಻
˵ɽƵȥһ˱֣ʱѵƵʱ֣ѵ˵ƻλɫĵƽԺһǣɼ
ۡԶװΪɭϣ뿤ݻĿᲢۣæµÿظʱ˵ƣҹƣʱ䲻ȥЩ}ˡ
˿̣еһĨλɫâɽŲ΢٣뵽һͻȻðһɵĻ⣬ǱǣĿһĸۡУ᲻ɺ
ͷԺһֱܿӻӡ
ʱ˵ƣֻͥԺһյջص磬øʱֻ֣ټͥԺﾹʮ֣ŮǶ̣æµѣͥԺĵƹҲոŵյȻͬ
ˡ˻
ȵԲСѾͷȾܣֻͣȥͨš
ɽüһ̧ĵǸġ
ȻƬ̹򣬱ԲѾͷܿȥʱİԲӹ̧˸裬Ժ룬ֻСˣǸ˵ˣ׮˰áÿ裬ȥȥ
϶ЦЦϵһһߵģ͸Źӽζ
ɽŸɨԲѾͷһۣСѾͷӡ
ǣΪֵߵߵȥͨˣ˷Ը
裿
ɽüͷš
ӡУֻ˴б˳ߵ˴ù֮ˣҪȥ
ǽ˴β٣ظǰҲȷʵǸոմгģǣն˴Σ˵Ҫ⵹ùߵĻ裿
Ǳҹ֮Ҫй˽ߣǡͽЩ֪¶
ţɽɳɨһۣȻȴڴʱƻͨżӰһʱҹ֣ЩԳ
һʱĿһգ䵽ǰĻϡ
š
ãֻ𣬻ǨͰ㣬ִǻϻ˹ȥ
ٶһ䣬͵һϾĸԼ̫̫϶ģԭΪ˻ŭգһŽ߷ˣ룬Ƣĺã˿δŭ⡣
һַɿȡһ֧֦ҶŹɽɨţһ˲֪˸ʲô룬մЩˮճţ״ǹɽƢٺã˿Ҳ̲סֻüͷڱһ̧Ӱ˰ڵˣ°ա
Ӽ״ɶһۣһ̧̣Żˡ
ɽ̧֣ϵˮգֿ˿µҶ̧üģֱڡ
ͷֵģ룬ͷİ
һڣֻŮڰǰæµ밲ˡ
ɽǰɨһۣտҲ֪ǸùţǸҪϣƬ̺ĿԽŮڻһȦ䵽ٴĹϡ
ֻ˿ٴĴӿһǣӹ
ϹŸȴδκʢĻܣܱ棬ڴǱ¡
£һٻӰ˿̲˹ϣһִ˴ϣһִڴϣϷһ鼮Դͷר־طš
жͷΣж˷صĻۣһɫǧں˿һͨľԺ󣬵͵ţľӴӶ¶ССһء
ӹǰ鷢
ҡҷڵƹ£ǽͶһĨӯӯƵļӰ
ۡ
һþС
ɽĿһ١
ݣü۶δ̧һ¡
ɽ˽Ų˹ȥ߽ˣŷִǶ⿴ȥÿԽԺڵľ۵ס
šĻ桪
ɽһʱ̧ڴߣ͵Ϳһ
ԷȻ
ɽһɨڹɨһȦգĿ˹һǡ
ŵĳڿɣȹڼǻɢβһ˫ȹ̽ͷ
˪ѩף佰ɴ
δЬģδ˿ǰλε۵ס
ɽ˫۶ʱವһУĿ˫㣬ɫֻۿɼٶһһİ
ʱͷ֮˷·ʲôֻವһ̧ۣȹµ˫ವɿһȻ˫Ưһ·˪쬵ĳ
ĿԼ䡣
ɽڵ˫ʱ򶨵ӭĨĿ⣬ڷ󣬿ˡ
һ䣬Ĵǰһֽ򿪣֮˵·滨Ƕ滨ȺһݣȵģҪȳ
ɽŶԷ͵˵š
һ䣬㽫еĻɫֽ򿪣ſ˹ȥ
пڴϵİԣƳ۵ݵǰǰ滨⣬һС飬ÿ𻨸һСɫķεһɫϸƽƽ棬Щǹ𻨸⣬κ˵ʳ
滨һӡ
һǰʱ֣·滨Թһء
һڡĳ＾ΧԵʱ
ƺЩ⡣
ƽƽļССĵġ
̧̧ۿǰǵˡ
ԥƬ̡
ڣֱѿһǳǳϸ죬ֻһ漴ŵ֣ƽƽĻֽһ滨࣬졣
滨ζ嵭ڼ
ûʲôζ
󣬿㡣
Σ
ɽССڳţһ͵š
ɨһۣû˵ôãõΪظˣЩ˶֣պϡ
ɽԹŴ˶٣ֱֻӣŰΪձһգ֪񣿡
ɽ΢ŷ
ԣų˳죬ߵĮɨ˹ɽһۣ漴ӹŮԸǱ㴫Űա
ŮӦȥ
ɽԣȻһ
ɣɽɽǽǽ
˲翿
ˣûԣ


42 
˵յžķʢ, ȻǹڷʢˣֻŮǽһȳ󣬹ɽţʱ, ü۽
ֻϵĲЩ, һצ, һ±, һĳΣ󿴵ɽ³һͷʱ, ɽ䵭Ȼûסѿһϸ΢Ŀ, ֻ΢΢һ, ֮˿һ, ˶, صǵͷϡ
ֻͷⲢƬˣװ̵, , һټͷֱӶˣ۾, б, ж, , ˫ټġ΢͵ģ͹ֱⷢڷŵĸǰһ̧, ͵ؿȥ, ֲ˹, һ̾Ҫ, һ֮븹Ƶġ
ɽĬĬƬ̣ڲһ˿ͬ
ֻǼצ㣬ͷצӣӵģٷкΰʾ
˵ʱ˵ͷ⣬ⶼĻ滹ǻģλĿ˵ġɫȻеĿζǡ
˵͹ⷢͷˣɽȷǼצӡΰİʲôģλ۸ڶĿʮ꣬ûԹϵģΨǵſǿһǵŮ˹ǣװ̣һƬһƬƬôСһ޶ýΰ㣬⿪ڣһ
ԣɽܿóһۣһǡ⡱Ϊ׼ģԭһٺ簡
ˣԭûꡣ
ɽĬĬƬֻ̺־ӣһ˹ǵ뿤ĵԼĬĬһΣţƶǰһĻȻã״˵ַˣڸģɽ˻ظСۣͬתתɢɢġ
ɽȻ˵š
లԣüŵǿ⣬ûжӣתӷǸֽŵ˵ڶ滨࣬ţֻţһ·͵ߣҧһСڣ΢£Ŵĵڴݼ仯Žʣ·Żֽʱ͹һѲ裬˹ڣٴʰǿģɨĹɽƬ̺󣬻˿ڣȴǴʵ˵ͬλ֣ӽãνȺ֣ολ֣ӵģ
š
ϡƽ
Ȼɽ̽ⷬеĻл뵽ַ󣬿͸˸Ƶģ룬ֻĿбӵʵҲ졣
ɽƬ̣һʱ£йЩɻôãҲʱڰϼأҲ޶˽
ɽţ۹۱Ǳǹĵ˵š
ˣȴɷ˸ۣĹ
ðɣؾֻ֣أһ䰲ţΪ£ּκæŲմأȷʵûйȥ죬⻰š
ʲôйЩ
ڻʼѧԺʱֲǸϹģղǸ֣֣ͬͬˣֻǡЩ
ǣʵ
ﲻһ⻰ַ·޷֤Էϵ飬ܲܰͷϰգָ˵Dն춷أҲͬͬôû˵ˣ
ȻͬDã˻ֱ׳Ļ
˵ǣҵ˵
ܸܲ꺢ͯ㣬ա
ߣۣȺ仰Ųɵġ
ֺӢɴǸ˾ӡڸⷽǣǺԺûмʮ˵ҲʮΪǸ֣Ǹѵһˣȴڰǰ̳
Уеһ֮
ɡ
ţֵ˵ճзһ׮ɷģձڸĵý˵˵׮Ӱɣ
һҧŵģһߵš
ɽ𷽲ŽԺǸ裬룬һɫգǲΪá
ȴۣЦǣ
ЦеɨࡰһۣϵɫᣬƸޣȻ˫ȴ΢΢ͷ·𺮹ⰵ֣˫촽µıҲ΢΢ҧš
ּ෴ͬһϡ
棬ƽ˼ұһںвһ̣Ҫ׽ɱƵġ
ɽ״΢飬һʱ˿ӣӣƬ̺󣬶һԵĲյһڣӣЦһ¡
ɵЦʲô
ɽȴЦʱֻеĲյ黹ԭλĿӵһ׮ͨɱ˰ﷸ
ü˵׮ɱ򰸣
ɽָѹۿϣºǡ
ʱȡһԵذףϵ˵ɷͷĺԼӣӴûˣûⲻ˵ͼֽԼӷԺ
˵һݡ
ɽȴа׹ɭɭذף˫һǡ
ǣĸ۵ĳ฾ôͽ׮Ӵˣϸڡ
˳һ׼ź򲻿ɡ
ʱǺһתֵ˵Ӳһٽĸεɷɱˣͷ­㣿
˵⻰䣬֣ǰ׹ķذף˹ɽǰǵɿصͷ⡣
ɽҪʲôּǰ׻ĵڶͷ⣬ҲΣţһڡ΢Ϊȡ⡣
ȴذһʱһ־ذףһץһ䣬ֻֿ䣬һȵɽʱֻһ䣬ѽǺƬ
һʱŹɽǿƻҪ⣬Цеɱúã׷ŹǵĸεĻ˶һ׼Ƥǣ˫ۣٽ¾Ʋ˳ԡ
Це˵ţʱһ˫ˮһ䵽˹ɽϣֻӯӯЦţ˵أ
ɽϿУˮЦֿǰȱֻͷһʱֻǿмһĨЦ˵ǡ
ˣ·һ⣬ʱֻеֻƻķ˹ɽ漴ǳЦ룬㵱¾Ʋ˳ԡ
ɽԼֻ䣬ֹпڣƽ⻬Ī䡣
ɽһʱ˫ۡ
ʱŮǹ˽ӹӣÿһָͷϸϸµĲøϽˣĩˣӵݻŮߴٹɽ԰ưˣơ
һ䣬Ůǽѱõľƶ˹
Խӹƺͻĵĸɽһơ
ɽӼAǰľƣԼ䣬˵ӡѳԱ
ǣ֮Żˡ
᲻ð׺أ
᣿һ򡭡˳
Ƿͬɷһ㣬ưǺð
Ϊ򡭡ᡣ
һأ
硭˶
һţһҹھʹĻ
ȻֻǹɽΪûҹȻѣȻһ£ͷɢԲƮǰǸŮĻ


43 
֪ǲǰ챻Ƿ, ϶ǵġô򡱺͡׽ŪȻûɹйǣ˸ϡŹֵΡ
εԪգعһ, ǶصŮʱ, عǺѵʱ, ޼䡣
Ԫڵĵƻ貶Ŀ, ǧٹֵĵȤɰ, һβĽɫ, ΩΩФ, ɰˡ
ƻϵĵԲջ, ҲǮ, 鲻, ûжīˮ, ǣʮֱ֪֮ݵһַʽ, Ǯ
Ž, ܿ, عҹ, 䡣
û, عҲһյرĵ, Ǹͷĵ
عӸ߰Ҫǿ, Ӣ, յر𣬲פƹĿĴڵλյСžǵһǹӵһһ滭ģ˵λСôǿҫ۵Ľɣǵյˣ궨ҲһλӢˬСүģ
ƹĻɫš
ع˫۲ɵԲֻЩȣЩɬ˵ǡĹǣ
˵꣬ɿ˹ȥ鿴Ƭ̺ŰֵǸ硣
˹ȥСƳһۣ񡣡
عȴƵýζôе񣬾ˡ
İƹȡ
һһعеյСȻ֣ȺСţ±ӵ˸ˡ
˿عеСֳ˳ԼеС㣬ûСÿˣعеʲôǹӣǺһģֹոӵģƹĶƭ˵ģרƭع֪Ůġ
ţȴҲʱʱعеյۡ
Ȼ֮ɫʱֻЩ㵽ϲǹʲôհһű˭Ҳģʲôϲġ
ֻЩĺͲм
룬عȴյСһǸӢˬģȥΧһ֮ɱһͷҰɱһԷӥɱ๷Ͱ¹ȫպݵӢ伫ˣҹ߳ЩȭǣֻӶ׷ѷˡ
عһš
ǶԹǵĳ֮顣
ȴƲƲҿǹŪ
عȴ˫ĿڵǶǸƫǸ粻䣬ˣ꿼ԽǵһʶмӣӶ˵ˣ˵ǸǺţ䣬ؼǻǰӢģĸܼ
ع˵˵ţ˫ۿʼðǣϿʼ֧֧ɪɪ˵ʽΪǸѡѡ
˵˵ţعʼһʱŰɪɪ˵ǸϲʲôĹ
عЩ죬ĸ˵ʺڹмλѡһˣĸ˵ᵽ㡣
䣬عʶʲôֻ͵һקŰӵɪɪòͬǸɣ
عһɫŵĿŰ
һ£ô᣿
ֻЩ¡
عʧڷԥκԥģתΪϲҲǣôˣòϣǸǵǶԵģµģһҲ
˵ţعЦ˵һδǸ˵ˣ϶ϲǸǿģɪɪ֪ΪʲôΪǰĴȸȸһ飬Ӷˣֻ࿴ķݣᴦ˵ǲ
ˣãιֻЩҲŲǴȸ
عǡ
Ҳǡ
عĶǣջ֦չģȴȸȸ
۵ǴȸĻչ˵ľǴɽ
عۡ
Χƴȸੲ֮ʣʱDһ˷ܼˣһһߴŰͺعµعǲҷſ˭أ
ع˭
DһϲǸ磬Ŷ滨ࡣ
Dһ䣬ֻɫ΢
滨ࣿ
Ϥġġ
һʱʱD߹ָŰеĵѽĵǸĵŶ֪ˣϲǸԲԣ
DԼ־ˣ󣬾Ǵס˰İѱƵģʱ˫ֲһϲĳŰڴİѱˣ˵㲻ϲǸ磬ƭˣҾ˵ôܻ˲ϲǸ磬ߣƭƭúÿ࣬ȥߺعǸȥߣ㾹͵͵ϲǸ磬ߣķǵѾ
˵꣬Dһܿˡ
Dһߣͷһƣ˲䣬ŵˡ
ֻŻںعеֻС֪ʲôʱ򾹵С
ŵҪеĵӵȴ룬͸ƵģôҲӲһʱðֱת
һʱDԶˣĴܻҪϲˣʱ˲еĵæȹ׷ȥ
׷׷ţ˵DͺعӰȴһת˱滨ײŶ滨Ĺǡ
Է滨࣬ԶԶλ
һʱԭأЩ޲ߡ
ۿţԽԽԽԽۿߵĸǰͣһĽɫֽˣֻͷĵĿɫ滨ࡣ
ķŵ滨㡣
ͨȻȴ֪˻ΣѵЩʳ󶯡
Ǽԡ
滨໺ݵ˰ǰ
Щְʳսʤ˰ʱֻ֣̽ȥ
ָҪ滨֮ʣʱֻ滨මȻһһ̧ۣǹüûķݣȸ
˵꣬ЩĿһۣ󣬲һֱԽ̤ȥ
һ£ʶתֻδʩʩȻǶЦſǡ
ǱֱߵδǰĽ滨ݸδ룬Ц·滨Ƕ滨ȺһݣȵģҪȳ
δȴİô
ǵרŸģ
δδ㡭ȴ֮ˡ
һ䣬̧֣ǵɫֽȡһö滨࣬Ű棬ССڵس
涨ڹЦԼδӯӯǳЦ滨ǳֹĻ档
ʱ򣬻ۣ˹
ֻЩãȻ޴ǰںģһƬ粻塣
ֱ֪˶ãһȻ˹ǸΡ
ˡ
θˡ
˲ըˡ
ǣѵİͷĺȼˣܻģźͷɢڴͷҧгݵĶݺݵĶǸ೤ġˣ


44 
û
ֻСĵΪλԵ޹ʵĳԼϣ
ĵDϲ⹷ˣ
Ϊλεδ룡
Ĺ˽ǿ滨͸δ벻˵, ˵ûķݣ˵䣡
Ĺ˾δ࣬λδ
ǣð޶˶˵һƨΣ, Ϊûܳȥһ޶ǹ˵
ˡ
ĵòӣ
еδѧģ, һСһСڵĳ滨ࡣ
𾹽Ŀ滨඼һһˡ
Ӱ޲ɤ, 滨ȫ˳
滨࣡
, ⱲӶҪˡ
ţȻһ̧, ȴǰĹ˾˯, ˲ˡ
˯

ˣ
޲̧һ߷
޲ָͷӡ
Ϲô, ﾹῴδǸи֮ġĻ滣
˵ûķݣ
޲ǰһӻ
վ, ҪԼǻŭ, ŭΪʵж֮ʣʱ, ԭϵ˫۾ವһ, û˿׵Ļˡ
̧еһʱԭء
һɾ޴סˡ
˵ɽһۣıһ㤵Ļ档
Ļ谵ĺ, һŮ, ƮƮ, , ̧֣ԹĳϮ
ĳܳס˴, ʱ, ɽֻõ˫Թ˫, ںɫ, ͸Źӯ}ζ
֣̽
ģǼƣ͸˼εǧŮҪƵġ
ɽ˫˲һУ׼̧סֻҪ֡
ϸϸһģһϸůĴ˲䳯Ĵݶ
ǹϤĴУùɽƬ̵ʶλɽܿ컺˹ԭؾĬƬ̣ٶһ
ŶŮ
ԭӰ
üһŹκһˣ䲻һۣǰһĻͱǰһĻŵȥǰɡ
ݵ˯죬һ˲ʧӰ٣ܿ죬ɽָ
ҹ˯ڡ
˵ɽָ裬ϵָϸļĦƬ̧̣ۣŮ͵Ϳš
˯һȻѣ˿̣ɽ͸ŹӵɳƣҹҹѵйӴº͡Ըеζ
δ𣬳۵һ˲۵Ƭ̵ķ֮ɫ󣬾ԭأĿһһ磬ֱض
谵ĺӳĵĿЩΡ
ûϵ˾ȻѣҲûϵ˯ˣ˾
ֱЩֱۣĦЩ
ವһ£һ̧˳
ûг֮Σ˯ű͵ϮľȸУֻԾһԲֱ׳㣬˶ݺݵضš
ɽԭΪҹҹԵʲôԵʣ;ֱһԲǶĵģһڲһ˿ͬ
ʱֻ̧֣ؿڵĳһƣ¶˳žɽĿ΢΢һ٣ֻǾϴ˿ǡ߰Թ֮ɫ
˫Ŀ˫ÿһ۴˿ͷ⣬ವأƵģֱֱֱ
ҹģɫ
ɽñЩɳƬ̣̽Żڵǡجأ
ɽСĿѯš
룬⼸ʻ㻹ãһᣬ˲ֱӹֻҧгݵĶجˡ
ҧݣһһҧ˵š
ÿһַ·Ǵݷĥġ
ɽһá
һʣĪײǹˣ
дһʵģӦֱ齣裬Ȼᡭ˳ëġ
ˣɽֻӲͷƤȥˡΣ
ϸָץµı죬ϺؼһĨŤĵЦݺݵضȻǡεˡ
һһ˵š
伷ЦȴЦЩֲɭ
ɽѲȥˡ
ԭյ龹ûꡣ
ʱĿӾ˿ڣб۶ѵ֪εʲôô
һ䣬ɽڣһҧЦεҪı
ɽһ飬û廰ΣǼٵġ
ȴ룬ԹҧЦε˷׮еĸĺһͷĺӣͼı˵뽫ͷǸݳɱӣ׵׵ȡҲˣͬǺӾŮ˳ȥ˻̵Ұ֮أñµȥũ
ǲܽʵξʵ˵˿Զ󿪣ѧʶӣߣҧݺݵ˵ţʱֻԽ˵Խ˷ܣԽ˵Խ
˵ؿھЩ˵ǰŸûҲͷƤ顣
ߣµظũ
ðᱻˡ
˫
ɽԽ˵Խ𾢣Խ˵Խ˷ܡ
һʱĬĬۡ
ȷΣ
ͷβתǧصġ
һʱĺƵģСĹĵģ޺޵ض޲ܽж˿顣
⽫ƵĴ
ɫĹâ࣬ĲüңıǼ⣬ǣĹĵСϡ
ɽһڴϣĿţʱ΢¡
ʶڹɽӡУһ߸ϣŰͬϵŮƵģмЩӣǳ׺ҲȻׯ󷽣˵һǡ
ЩŮͼϵøС
Ȼʱ˿̣΢ĵۣҧгݵĴһյĶׯţȴǰʻͽ
ɽֱؿţΣһơ
ǰҹϵɿϣϸĸ첲֬񾱣½ƿǿġȻλε¶ǰ˫𪾧Өġ㡣
ɽ˫Ŀͣڰϵ˫СɾµϣĬĬƬ̡
ڿʲô
һ̣㱻شˡ
ƺû⵽ĿݣֻΪ񣬹ɽֳǽͬţݹѩɫϿһۣᣬĬĬԼߣһʱĲɵĸпû뵽е΢˲֪ôǡʶ̧١
ɽĬĬſеԼ
ƮƮĵʱҧֹǲʶ̧٣ĸΣķΣ֮ˣֻ÷ƮƮʶ̧١֣ǣɼԼ湻ģıӵĸĺƤʵͷޡ
Ĺĵ˵š
˵һ룬ȱߵĹɽ˸ָһ͵ı죬֣̽ϸϸץָһʱԼָ֪Σֺûͷûβĵôˣѵô
˿ڿİðҷ˯š
Ǻáʱɽ̧֡
ĿɨһֻϣŤŤĴһεĺͼнӹ
ѱȼյָ̣ȻǸĵϣϾ˼
ɽӣҲû㽫ݸ
ɽ۳֧࣬˰븱ӣͷ̨ϣ漴
Ŵϻ⣬ѾǲԼĶˣڤ˼һҪȰȰȣһ̧ۣɽŰ߱۰֧ӣǶһĶš
ɫ£ӳĵ𣬰ڰ졣
˫ûںڰе˫ۣİʱеĶƵġ
ҪȰȰȵһͣһ㶡
һ̣ʶĳΣҪƵģҪ֮ʣȻˡ
ֻǰӰһΣһͷǴڵɭһԾֱӳϮƵġ
ֻһת䣬ȵʱѱͷ¡
˯ţ΢˿̷˯
ɽڰϣ͵Ͷ˵š
ɳֻ˵⻰ʱ·͸һɺƭζ
ѭѭš
Ȼĵ
磬ű۸˸飬űԸĨԵͷʣˣ˱䱾̰ᡣ
ؼǣﶼ۸ˣﻹڹδ룬㷭ˣ۸
ߣϻĺ£
Ĵȥգ
ö޶ץ߲ѵǣ㡭󵨣豾ˣ㾹𿪡
Թɽץӡ
ȻϸϸӺܿ챻ͷ
Ƭ̶á
һŭֻ쳯ҧҪС
ɽ£ֺ죬ֽĺ촽һһϣҪҧʱһ΢΢һɴյߵ͵˵ˣ΢۸Ҫ۸Ҳǡⴲ֮ϡ
˵⻰䣬£֡
ԲԴѵӦ֡Ȼˣ൱Ƭ̹̹
һʱֱû롣
üһʱͷһ
û뵽⹷˾˿ֽţȵʱѡ
ʱһһڶݺҧļϡ
ɽ΢˿Щۣųջ˿ƹϣ΢۸˿ôҹÿʵ۸΢йΣ
ɽ§Ű͵˵š
һҧЩ
ڴ֮ϣֻ۸ķݣĶ֡
·Ҫ֤ĻƵģһ̣ͷϵ˫ȡɽϸ󣬻Լϣﶪһ䣺§ˡ
һ̣һɾ޴ϯ
ɽ㣬ضɽҡˣǾκ˰㣬汼ڣɽ麣Х㣬ɽѣ˸ͷ
ôС
ﲻʡ
ҪʱϵĹɽ˴ϡ
§ǵ˸ͷ
ȵʱ˫ֳؿڡ
ɽ֮ߣ
£ĺϣ毺õӳĵһࡣ
ÿһѷȫ˫ۡ
ɽڴϣŴֱǰ
΢ʡ
ҡ
ʱ˫۽죬ͷѽİ
Ƭ̣ʱ˿̾ʲôȵҧػʱǶ˹ɽ˫Ũҵ˫ۡ
ǳôãһڹɽ˳ࡢ㣬ε顢ɫ
ҪôںڰУҪô˫ۡ
ô⧲ģͷһء
Ƭ̣ȵʱ⵽ʵļ⣬׳ļǰεġչʾǰ
һ˿
һ˲䣬ŵüһҪ룬Ȼ˫类סζá
һ˽
һӻۡ
˲৺һƬ
գ߳ܵķɿ̧ס˫ۣʶԼⷬٶǵڵ˷ֺԷԸ޼ɵͣգҧҧͺһҧչȥɿ콫˫ָϣס˫ۣһ߷ߵ𡭡𿴡
ȴսͶͱƵġ
ߡ
΢
µļˡ
Ȼһȥȴһ˫ǯס
ɽŰ˫һơ
һĶº͵˵ŵǾ΢ǳɶ΢ΪΪɷ裬۳ң΢Թԡ
ɽŰһһ˵š
棬Ŀ˵¡Ļ
һ䣬ɿ󣬽ˣһ̧һ
ܻ߳ʡ
޺һƬ


45 
˵һһյ, תۣѵ˿֮ʡ
ͷսȣͷǶŸ¯ټͥԺĵ, 䳡Ҳѵÿһ, һŲڵ, ֱ̽ŵ, ټͥԺûһ˿, ֻż֦ͷ֪, ƽ˷ơ
ӵӴ, ٴĹ, һٻӰ, Ѻ˯˽ʱۿͷҪб, ˿κζ
ºƶÿһӻʱż, յڳۣǽȥЩ顣
Ϲűɯ, ͸ֵɴ, ֻĵ, ʱȥ, ԭǸƣһҲûһ£ɼ˯ж
Ҫ֪, ǿ˯ɲʵˡ
˽ȥ, ˱, ԥҪҪ, һʱſڹǰȴ٣һƬɫȻ޵ȴ͸Źӵľɫ²Щ۲̡
ʱʵδѣ˯ô࣬ҹܹ˯ţ
ЩǳΪ˯ҪҪѰ̫ҽ
˵š
ǿǰСӲˣΪǡ
ȴһҹпȻ˯Ļ᣿
ЩˡδҲڷЩֲѰź˵һܱͨڣ
ԭԴ򡭡Դ˽Դͷսֺ󣬱㲻ʼǰæµɿˣû뵽ǿǿˡ
֪ԭ￴ŲЦ˵һϵٽҹﾹҲǸκ֪ġ
ȣз֮ʱֱͷʾһĥֵѣҲԿƣΪˣ˶Ȼһȴ롪
ⲻʱ̣ܲҹҹҹҹգǣ˱㿪ʼսˣȫ˯ǰһƬ̵̰ǵȵ˶˯˺ʱҹʱ֮ʱߣһؾҹ
ºƶſڴμ˯ˣѣ
Ȼʱȥǲ˰գ
Ϊǵ¶ĪǽѺ˯ȥĿֱ˳Ū˲ɣ
ɼֶж˵ã
վ͸λսƵġ
ȻҲҹҹˣģҲ㲻С
Ҫ֪ϰ֮ˣȻϤǼٸһĶ֣ǻ⣬ٽĸӣв˼У֮ȫʹϣγܵˡ
ѹ֣ÿлһأǿЪն
ǰδؾ֮ʱͷЩķ飬۸ŰͰŴջźãȴ룬˺ò׻ˣ˲ᣬȴ۸ǿľ˴Լˣ˵ʲô
ĸпš
ƫǸŭԵ۸
СŮһʱ
⵵ڣָֻзƵģˣ˻ſڲӰˣǴСɤűѾ໺òỹûգ̫Ҫɽˣ
˵־Ǻ«һţһҡҡڰڶ
ƼˣϽһǰȥֹĴɤţһյӿȥ鿴¿ˣȴ룬һʱȴѾˣڹ齵ϣĳ˸ڴӿ̽ͷ̽ԣɴ˴ı۰ˣ
İģ͸Źɵζһ˿ɳƣΪĺ
ǽСӽˣæɶ˿ˣūȥЩСʳ
һ䣬ͷµĴɤžҵţ㵱˯ӲֱҴ۾ˣֱԭסڴǸﻹҪϼ֣ߣҲǸ㣬㿴£ļҵܹ˯ʱģǰסĴӣһ㱻ĺñⵣˣɼǸ磬ӣ
ȡЦĽ˵š
Խֱźϴԣ̲סˣӣǿɲڽŹӵģǿԭڹʱıӡ
˵գŵĹ
һ̧ۣ±˱죬ǣŮһһƣҲ˵˼䣬һһ𻰵ˡ
¼ߵǰһǺ«Űǰһݣ㳢ɺóˣˣӵġ
һ䣬˯ѵİɫ٣۷Ľģһʩɫ糯ϼӳѩռˣնܱ޵ˣһʱЩƸпһžƤңǸ硢ţҲ̴£˭˹ˣΣĸµȥ֣
ãʱ½Сʳȡһѣһ轼Ĺӡ
ѷָһ룬ֳ˿ڱǺ«һʱҪ˲˯ˡ
¼Сһţ˲óƵģֵЦգϵˣⲻǼģǳִģҾ˵Ǹ̰ôǺ«䵽ҵˣ㵽˰գҲˣ㣬㡣
һֻĽһһӸ˰
ȴϣһ̣͵С˲ವһգ漴죬ҧ˵ڶţüɣ㣬Ȼ󣬸ƵĵƳ˽һۣµĽš
¶ʱһɵĳô
˵գԥԥĿŰССڽţɫ㣬Եýζֻðˮʱӹȥһ˻أãҧһţһҧ˲ý¡߯һһѽıǺ«һ£һʱŰӵһ໺ˣ
ͬʱ漫Сİ˲ҲŽűǺ«˳漴ɬȴһĿ£СȾ죬·˵ߣҶ㻹Щ
¼ģ˲Ŀֻ࣬˴ΣӦ˹գУϧ˵һǧ˰٣һʱҧŰΣһ޺ε㡭ݣ
̧°ͣһŵá
ⷬɾٶһʱŮʣæźڡ
ݿҪˣ׷׽Ѹɹˣ»Ҫʳüüһ̧ˣɱڼȥˣòײЩЪЪ죬ϼ֣һ׼СŮ
ѭѭհ˵š
ԭµİһʱڒ콪£Сڰǧ£òЩɫûԭôˣСС椣⼸ھĳʳСԺ֣ʵӲǵ·ɫǴ䣬ոԵĴ䣬֤ѴŮһö
¾һӣ⼸ֽ˻¯֮ơ
ҡҶ
ӣһί˵š
˭СŮ
˭˭⽫ڰò£еֻɽƵģÿÿв
ǰһգ˵Ǹ粻ѡԼҲġ
οֹһˣԺŮǣҲһһǸһֵܣ˿ǰŮǼ
ӱ£׻ãֻ費ɹ̫ÿ׼ʱͷǣǣǶɰסŵŶʳġ
ԣ
һʱ
¹͡һ룬˰ա
ż롣
ˣǡҹöôˡ
һʱԥǱǱţĥĥȥһת͵һ̧ͷһҲò꣬ϦҹˣɫϦˣǸ绹Ҫͷʵ̫ˣҪǽǸȥ˳ȥţȥϹΣ
һһģ˳˵š
ǹãһᰲһ


46 
û뵽þǵһӹǾǴ˵̰֮ˡ
ŲЦ, ˿κ˷ؾЩ꣬˶һδ, Ůйκν, ΪǸĹ, ȴϡ
ϳˡ
ʵɽæ, ͷ²ϣæµ, ̰, ʵ, ǰպò, ȴøС, СӸһߣæ, һ, ˣиСʮղͬˡ
ž⼸, ͬɽĻʵʮּ, ˼˿ڵ, ټĽ, ҲŲ̫һɽˣټһ, Ŀ˵ļ, ʲô˻
ҲֵС
̫ѵ, , ɽæʵڹ˼ҵڿ𲢲ڣΪӦĻŹţҲ㽥Ӧˡ
ΨһЩ޷Ӧǡ
֮ˣƵģ˱ͨ޴Ž⣬ʶɽ˿Ĺʵڴ֮ϵķˣ˿ѷ䳡ϵ۷磬ǣ䳡ϿЩǣ֮ϣҲð˲ٿͷ
Ҫǣ̰ᣬǹɽƫʮ㡭־ãһÿÿ۵ͷĿѣӣкü;ܣ˹ȥȴŸո˸ͷѣ˵󣬴½󡭡гһһһã֧ܣҷ޲նߡ
ԼĪһµġʹࡱգòǳ֮ƣǶ뷴˼һ˸ʮ壬һ䲻ԣȴҲڷϴղĬǱÿͬһأÿΡ
ɾáۣȴҲܹܣȴްִϢĻᡣ
ʮյĲѵðϢƬ̵ɿϲøһЩȴδϣչɽʱбһ
ȻеϲתˡĿࡣ
ʮյ£󣬾Ҫһҹ֮ȫһƵģ֪ﻹҪѭϸˮƽѭ򽥽вɹڻķϣҲɹ
ǷµծܹҪģԸǱȡ
ǣϲʮյİһԭأԸҵ̬ӵǰ˯һգ䲻һ֣ͺ޲ҧð
ߣ³һ簾õģûʲӲ˵ķݣ
๫ʲô¶ֲһʮӵٺ»
ƲƲ죬š
Σֱλεľ˽顣
ֵƳ˽һۣ·˵룬ǱĶˣ߶߶ķҲûˡ
һ֪룬Ǹ£ǵλεεĿˡ
ʵദ⼸ѽ޶֮𻨽ôϡкͺˡ
ѳǸӣǲʵǸѲФ˵ˡ
οóԺúȵĹţӲС´ڿߵӿɱȴǸߵӳöˣⳤģⲻò֪ƫˡ
Щġ
һʱ˫ڵӵתţʱֻ̲סǸ˷ؾ仯󣬴󵽾͸һƵģǰһȻҶҪϲˡ
һʱ˸ʮǧ
֪ڴʲô⣬ԣ׵Ȼ̲ס΢΢һ٣Ƭֻ̺üǸԭʲôģ
ʵҲЩ档
··⻰״˻ϻƵģüɫǸԭھӪʱڣŭǱѩɣ֪Ů޲ó޹ˣǱҫ۵ɡ
˫˵ţ˵·Ȼһ䣬ּͷɥԵ겻ر㡭ˡ
һʱĸпš
һ䣬˫۸̧˵ƶຮ˵ǲЩǸ͢۳ģǸΪЧνʳͷɣ۳⸱ӣ֮ʣһȺļůǿű飬˵һֻԭǸ̵Ѫأ
¹ֵ˵š
һͨߣ̲סЦˡ
С椣һٸӰա
˵ˣ֮ϵÿ죬ƣ㱾ñǸò곤겻˵һȥҪ˼ǰһվ۳һȥˣɼǸ㿤ģͿǸ磬ȥգһ˶Ȼݹʮġ
Ϊ˳ˣνĿеĵһӢǸͳ˸ܡ
飬ȴȱʮ꣬ɰˣ
󵽰ĹɽͬĻ棬˸ս
Ҳ죬ĩˣܿ۷磬óɱﵣʵǰڱʱöö཮ĹǸģ֪ģʱǸֻɽֻнĴֻĮҾƣֻĺѪȺֵǣκŮӶ벻ۣһһճɻ˸ǺεȵģҾöǽ֮Ժȥɽȥˣֱɻ󣬿ǸߵĿҲŷ֣Լ˲ͬ
¹Ц˵š
ЦЦĿŶкβͬ
½תһĿŰҿǸвˣˣһߴΣÿһʱǸ綼вˣˣۺʱһӼеĲһǸģĵһҲԶǸġ
˵ţ䲻ֵԭڽʱǸںȾƣڳ⣬ûй˼ˣҲֻҺԵֵźķݣǵһοϤĵչ˹ˡ
˵ţһĿҾǸ㡣
ֻҪڣҲݲκˣκ¡
ǼΪ޵ġ
˵š
˵˵ţи
ţģֺЩɬ
Ȼһ
ˡ
Ҳһ¡
ֱ֪˶ãȻӦ˹̧°ͳǰ˵㣬Ǳ㽫ʣˣȥˡ
ǣΪ˳һɣҲΪˣ˵ñҪƤˡ
еһ飬˫ֱ۰Ħһ״
ײһ졣
һ£ػع
űӿһȷеҮڿԳˡ
͵ģǳʣµģǸ綨Ҳϲġ
ļƤٴð˳
˵߱ߡ
˵⻹ǰһȥ׸
߼СŮǼʱ֪϶ͷ䡣
Ϧˣ϶ַǷ
ӹеģԣҲЩȸԾ
֮ǰɽȥ̫ʾһ̫ڽµͼӴ£֪˰ļҪȥƬ̣ͷӦˣָһ·͡
뾩׸̫Զʱĳ̡
ƿһǣһ·ܿʻ˾׸ſڡ
ͻжûǰͨǹһľϲȴ룬ŮǵĲ£ʱȴԶԶ׸ſڣһۻһεŮ˵˵á
ͬͦɰذ㣬±ֱͦǾ׸ɽ
Ůӣһ£ɴ棬סݣȴڲסһŸ߽֮Ǽǰżһأξġδ롣
л˵
ҸİȤղһ¡
Ųؽ
ҸϼҴڸΣһƻûȫӧҺףΪ׮ѵ£ڱĸŮҶᣬ֣ǽһҲݡ
룬ȴս֮ʱս·Ȼƻˡ
Ҵ̫̫һֱӽͷľµ㵽Ůͷϡ
Ⱥ£
ͷİԵһ룬ԭλӾ֮ò˵竷ݣɫ֮صϱʮüˣ˸Ҽޣ¹ѡ
ԭֵĲһﳤϱһ߲
ܾȴûʸ
ǣ廨˺ĻΡ
»鵱ҹͷҿʱǰΡӢɹٷʵĲԻۡ
Ϊλϲòͬķȴ룬ҪԲ˼
һʱ֧֧½󣬽Ͱ͵ò˵ضգ
һϮ֮ʣðյ־ֱԭأþջء
Ϊ޵ȥػѵģȴ룬˳ЦУɣ޶һһأ걧걧
֣޵ˮˣӣұز


47 
һ, ŮţԶԶĿȥһԾѱˣĪǶԡ
һĻ̫ͻȻˡ
, 䲻ڰ, û˿˿
ֻһ˲, ǰĻ֮ǰĻصһ
Ī, ֻѪһֱӿֱϳȥ
Ƿŭ, , ȴִһɻȻδĳٶۺãȻС
, ʩʩȻ, ֻԶԶ, 㶵ĿţƬ̵ĴͺãȻ, һЩûл
ԭ, Ļ棬, ץ, ͷߺޡ
Ϊ, ǵʵ, ֻȴûϵξĻصʵʱ, ȴûеһʱȥ޶ĳ嶯, Ȼ˵ס, ȻŶׯ, ڸǰ˫ֶȻţ˵һŷ
ǰ
׮£Ӳյģһλ
ɽڻǰް˽飬ɻ֮ǰҲѶŹδֹǱǲڸǵʵͷӦʱʹͬͽЩˡ
ΨһҪǣٸǳЩ¶ˡ
ƽĶۣķֱԼط˳ӻöŮ׮¶԰ҷ⣬κη棬ɽɷĲûκγĵط
Ŷʵȥ飬ƶ޷ֱ׳ǨŭְǰǻںΪˣƻŲ¡
ʵڳɻ֮ǰ֪ͣıΡ
Ǻ˵Ǩŭϰˡ
ϸϸ׷ʵ޿׷ĵط
Ȳ檣ֲˣԺɸɾŮûУƷжŬϽ˼ѹٰһƷٳܼ˵ŵģټĴᣬ˹еļλǣµģƫƫ֮ӣȴȺ֮˸Ҫ͵Ŭǫѷν䣬ҵҵ
ǶҲΪ𾴺ء
˵ģв裬ɽڵʱ򣬶ϤΪȡ
ƽĶۣǣѡһְķ
ʵɽǷʲô
ô
⼸˻ǢദǣմӹлһĢһĢ¶ǺѵøԵĳ˵ͬúùӣĻһá֣ǣһ˿˿Ŀһ·ãྴȥ
ǰྴѵô
ԭԼˡ
ֻǣ𣬷Žһ䣺Ǹ㡣
ĪЩ̡
ǵģǵޣȴﻹбˣ֮ǰıˡ
ʲôʧأ
檣ˣͷ棬ͷ㹻ˣⱲӣʹպôա
һأ֪ʱܲܲҪôûʣ١˼Щ
ĬĬš
һ㣬ºƱҪôġ
ڡ
ɫһһ㵭ȥ΢΢ʶҪתȥ
ÿ䲻ڴֹڡĿ֮£˺˵
һ̫Ů֣ǸԷˡ
õһС֮ӶعǷðǡ
ʲôè۵ġ
ĬĬš
ǣȴ֪ΪΣ˫Ⱦ͸ǧƵģЩ̧
ʱ´һƹɫ죬ּŮһĥðˣɫһ˳ǵ߳ſڷȥſǸ󣬽ɫ䣬ܿ췴Ӧ˹˲䣬³ԶһǸ磬ڸʲô
²ĺţһ䣬ÿߣӸͷСţƵģ˹ȥ
Ȼ嵽һ룬ʲôһתͷתͷһʱץؿİЩǣ֪óȥѰǸҪ˵źãǸϽο
գҧҧͷ˹ԶԶĪ£һͷġ
ҧгݵţһҪͬ鵽׵ļơ
һСţƵĺھԶǶɾ£볯λ
ĿԼ䡪
δ뿴ĵɴµЩ죬ֻԶԶĿһֺۣܿƫȥֱֱӡ
Ĺɽڿĵβ΢΢һ٬ʶȾ˰ײЦ⣬Ȼһ̣ϿĿ⣬ɽüವһ
ɨ˶δһۣʶʲôʶššüҪ֣ſǸλӭȥ
ȴ룬ˡ
ֻ˿̵İ죬΢΢ĮɨǶһۣ漴ԥת

ʱ¿żæŵǡǹȥ̽̽ǸԲס㣬ԸʲСǸ磬ߣҡ˺С죡
¼ֱתͷ϶Ҫðˡ
ô죿
иôɾͳףǧˡ
¼ͷԵġ
ɽ²ţһֻ̤ˣȴһ˲䣬֪Ϊκವһͣ˲ȷ˵һɾ޴קӣʹȴװ׿˸ղǰ;ϡ
ƳĿ⡣
첲һ
Ҳĸ첲ϲ֪ʱȻֻƣָ޳ָǷսĸ첲ʹȴްã׾ٵı㽫סˡ
ֻ֣ʮϤһȡȫ
ļ˲ֱˡ
һĿһ裬Σ΢΢һĿĿһ˫ƽ˫
ɽ֪ʱ
֣̽һסĸ첲ʹûܳɹŵ
ĿԼ䡪
ɽɫƽû˿ץĽŸкͻҸУĿɽ΢΢ţڵ˫һýСϣĿš
̹̹ߡѹмһˣ
ôҪߣ
ĸ첲治ɫš
µ˫ۣ˲Цˡ
źòǿѹȥ̴ֿʼһһСˡ
ƣôȻ
ôɽ
ôֱ׳
ôУ
һ˲䣬ð˰գŵ͸Ź΢ãǰĿصһ
Ǻǣ
棬˵ĴͲı
ǡĲ˳ʺ
ú޲̧Žǰһ߷ڵأȴһ˲䣬ܿ侲
ȶԷߵĵݣܺ߷ǸϴԴ׵СƵģǰʲôܣģǱܣǳ˸Сˣ
ţ˲侲һʱµ廨ЬŲ漴ֻųϸϸ쾱ֱˣƳǵ֮ˣ漴ֻ죬³ԵŮǵԸȡһ·ˣҪڴ˴ЪЪš
Ըš
ºƶһۣ˸Ͻȥȡ
Сɵʴ̧˳ȴƳһۣЩ̫Сݵ±ǡ
ºƶһۣ󶯸ɸܽ˾׸ָ۽Ϲ˴˵ϯֱӴĵİ˳
ĸ첲ವһ𣬱ֻƺĴ˳
ΪѣȴͬһֻȸƵģ֦չŵ񻨺ľ΢΢
ϣ
ֻһɴˣܻڴ룬ֱλ
һĻ棬˹ȣ˾ʱʱϼۡ
ɽ㡰ԡԼˡ󡱡󶯸ɸꡱ·ײݵľٶ󣬲֪ΪΣաŮһ£ɽĬĬΪ¼ȡһС֮ҡʱ˿̣Īþˣ۳ţϡԽ뺷׺ݵľӶȥˡ
һʱ̧ѹϣĬƬ̡
Щ޿κΡ
ʱԶһֱĬĬפδڻ˹Ҫ˵ȴ룬̧°ͣһڵֹֻɱǣڴ˴ЪЪţšǡ
˵š
仰ἰˡֹ֣ȴͷβûɨۡ
ˣҸ˴ˡ
δ̬ͻڽš
ȴ룬ʱȴµָһ̧İеָףһԵŮ״˹ȥͶֱ˵ڴоָ

δ뻹Ҫٿڣʱ
ֹȻذɡ
һֱĬĹɽڿڣδ˵š
˴ˣҡ
δƻҪڡ
룡
ʱɽֱ˵
δ뿴˿ɽֿ˿ڽϵδ룬Σ죬ŰʩʩȻ˸ӣδˡ
˶٣ֳŹɽ˸ӣ˴ˣδ֮±ʹˡ
˵ţ˷޶һۣ죬ȥ
̣û̧ۡ
һֱ˽ӣʻͷӰˣɽתŰȥ
ԭоָ׵İ˲佫һգӯӯЦ̼Ŀ䣬ԵŮڼݻظ
˵գһֱҪȥ
ȴδϣһֱ̣ɽ¸صλϣ漴ɽֱľźľϵ˶һ̧

޷ûϵд˾٣˲䳯Žκһ
͸ɽƵģ̧֣ȴڴʱ˿̣һ̧ģһͷһˣһ̣˱ҪһԨˤˡ
ŵðһŻץס˹ɽĸ첲
ӱأûˤеء
෴ⶥ˽Ӿȵɽ׾ٵľ
Χα͹ɽ֮䣬̶á
һֻ̧ۣɽǣЦЦĿΣβӳ׶ٽΪѺҲ٣
ɽ˵ţǵЦವһգ΢΢ϵģֱǰ㡰ˡͬһ˾׸á


48 
˵ʱδֵ, ڶ࣬
һׯ棬ǰʾʱȹβ, ͷβ, ˵һɾѻ󷼻
Ȼ, ˿, ˡߡ
ּһ̤źͷǸɴ˫, һĿĳλ̽š
մ˶Ϊ, ͵ؼ˶, ʶһӰա
ɽŵİ, ˿ͷ΢, ͷβҡÿһ߶ҡ, ײ, Ϊ˷ֹò߬ĸ첲
ͷһ̤ʱ, ˵Ŀ볯Ǳ֮˿˹, , ৵غһƬ, һʱ̲סȥҹɽĸ첲ҧгݵ㡭
ܻȻȴϸӬ, ˹ɽĶ, ֻǹɽ
ö, Ǻ, µ˫̲סһһ³ϥȥСҧšɽű
ȻɽȴһδֱŰֱ˵Ŵá
ˡ
ôľΣʵľ죬صһӣ˫ֶ̧οͷŸˣοƶˣЩˣ̧Щ
Ȼɽȴü۶̧һ¡
οϵ˻Ĵ
ɽĿбӣһ·˽Ŵá
ʱɫЩڲ塣
ǣҪ˵ԵʣʶŴ޽ΡֹӣװóϽׯ£Դﵽ巸˵Ŀġ
ֻһڣֻԶԶԸűӣϸʮڽɱɱһԳŸɫеҲЩͲ֪ߣǡ̾ߣͷƺһ˸ߵĻͷա
ǻͷ߸̧ͷ죬˫Ŀһֻϻֻɷͷ£һѰ˿ĵڻ谵Ĺ£͵һܹõαĳ˴˸
ǸͷաĪһ¡
֪װηԵʣɫԵʣֻڵ¶ͷһأģһڣðֻһ쬵Ϣĺ˳ĪȻ
￴ֻһڷΰӼ򵥣ͷڷһľǩƽƽ棬Ȼȴһ޴İ񣬻ϵߺĿԶԶţͬɲһ⣬ϣһңдС֡
Ŵÿһɭ¡
ðĪͽһɺ
ֻô˴˼ţƵġ
н˶׶ɭϵĵط㲻ܿưֱĪһɾ⡣
οϲӣдͷζϰУﷸˣȴ˵龰
£ɽɽ²˵ȯ}֮
Ѳɻ롭вɣ
Ŀڣҧš
ʱ֮ʱȴǹɽһ·˷˸̨ڷ֮
صһأʶطӰȻһ̧ۣʱɽôĵӣŵ˸λˣڸ˵λϣȥɽŴڵľ¾۵ס
谵Ĵãĵߣ̾ߣ·ǧصĻͷաһһ۵˰ۡ
һ鿪֮أͷһǳȴ˵Եʣֻǵ谵壬ԶԶţһ̲ɾѪƵģھĵģ밲˲ָ߬ҧء
ʱɽ֪Ķȼһת˹
˿̵İɭĴãʶش˺һ޶͵һƫͷɽһ˹°͵λãȴӳĵ֣İĵطһƬ͵һǸȻƮĹһʱŵðһֻؿڣϵ΢΢һ
ǵһһ֡
㡭û
㡭˵ɭ֮
һʱĿڣͰ͵ţСĪЩֲ̿
һ϶˵һ򶨣ʵ򡭡κηġĻġ
ǰʮ꣬ͷһˡŴõϡ
谵Ĵڣ·Ʈ޴λꡣ
ȶӲЩ
ЩҪɲ֮ȴôҲʹһʱ̱ϣ̼䶯á
ʱɽͷ̨ϣϵľľݸ˰
صԡ
ɽü΢΢Űѵ΢ô
˵գһɨŵĹ䣬΢΢ģ΢Խ̿
һ䣬ֻɽؾľŰһá
Ǻڲľͷƽƽ棬Ȼɽһʱȴ涼𣬾޴죬ŵú޷İѹؿھһ
ɽµĿյĴã۵ºˣ
ɽţʳ仰ʱȻɭϣ壬˵һɲģŵð챥Ĵ΢΢һҧЩ⺷ɭģŵỨ
Ȼһתʱȴǹɽ͸Ƶģವһ£ܿתһĿֻ΢΢ǳЦţ˵һᣬŰ΢
ɽ΢΢ЦſĽ
ȻǸЦ֮ǰɭֲɲĺ˰ڰԺشתţգ֯صһ𣬱һŤεĹ
Ťģһʱءһһʱ죬ૺҪҪظ
Ĺɽ
͸̬Ƶġ
ȴǹɽһĿŰߣ㲻岻ˣ΢а죬շ粨ҲǱ治ˣڽս׮Ӹˣ΢һףһƬĺá
ɽ֣΢΢ЦſŰ
ЦͷƤЩ顣
һʱҧơ
߷¶ô񷴵ǽܺ߼
ʲô
ûˣ⡭ӵӣȸƵġ
һʱᡣ
ʱſںϸϸ죬ȥԶԶֻºͽ¡Ƽſ̽ͷ̽ͷ
ףȻһһ£һʱ׵˹
ţ
ôаôôôסˣôǱ⹷סƵġ
ĵ̣̫ׯˣڣƬ̣ׯϵոסƵġ
ߣ
ÿ
Ʒɣ
ΪԼƬ̵ġųе߳ܣôܷǱɽ˸סˡ
ˡ
Ҫ֪ʮ꣬δǰ¶ˡ
ڱǰ¶κξ⡣
ȴ룬⹷˸Żˡ
ա
һʱҧҧ
ߣǰɡ
Ҫ˲
һʱǹɽжľݺݵسŰһģѧǳ¡ߺˣ
룬ǿڲľͷƽƽ棬ޱȵĳأһʱһһķ˰

ɽ
ͺһƬ


49 
, ɽûôЦ
ֻ۹۱ǱǹģĬĬµľľʰ·밸ϣֽľһ, ֱߡ
΢΢, ֻ, ԴﵽԼĿġ
ɽջ, ȭڴߣ͵Ϳһ, ̧ۿһ, Цһ, 漴һ΢ɽ, ʮ, ˾ʿнһö, ǰ, ʵԩϱ˱, ΢һ
ɽװģĳŸϵİ˸Ҿ, ˵һܺߵļ, һǰԩܺߡ
, ǻõ
̬͸Ϸ̨Щһһޣв², ȴ˸, һ, кԩ飿
ģ, ҲĶӣĲʼϷ
֪ػ߸кѵģЩĻӿɲǰ׿ġ
ҲװǻƵ
ɽ˰һۣ̾˿΢ڴͥڡĿ֮Ůӵֲ˵˼仰ѣȴ룬ǡɱнײׯδô֣ȴ΢ģ΢ҪһȴǲתȥֿʼǨŭ΢ˣ˵΢ԩԩ
ɽ˵ţҡͷ̾Ϣ΢ӵ˽⣬½ȥû΢徻ˣʶģֹҷ޶˵һû΢һףҷ޶˺ͺعںõ֪˿⣿
ɽ΢΢Цš
̨ϵİںߣһʱˡ
һʱҧҧץľŰһģ۵˼˵Ǹʸɷ˵㽫ԩǨŭأǺǣ߷߳⣬ֱӽǶʸӸ˲ͻ徻̫ƽô
˵š
˶٣Է⣬ּͣ㣬ҧгݵУʲôŮӵ˵˼仰ѣǣײ֮ǰ˵˼仰ѣҪײ֪᲻ɼʮ䣬ʮ᲻ɼپ䣿Ȼǳʲӹ
Уô˵㹴ҸŮȵģ˻˵ˣڳɻ֮ǰԵŮӹˣδ룬󾹻ģҸŮȣȴȢ˼ңʧ£ѳɻȴйҸŮԣʧʧʣеӶѣʧְʧţ˼鹶ԣʧʧТʧʧʧְʧʧʧТ֮ˣ֪ܱ߳Ҳˣ㵹ˣŻԩһңһӸţҿոǰ״ĺǣߣɽٸһλᣬҽٴһһʵٲʵ㼸ӳԣߣ
ȰȰ˵ţ˵֮ʣֻеľľõžž죬˸һȴһվڰϣӸ£ɫĶ֮ˡ
վڰϺպյİ
Ǹƽ˼֮Ƶġ
˲еýСϸݵİޱȵġӴΰ
ſ̽ͷ̽ԵĽµˣǣ˰ԣһɼ࣬ץ
ãã˵úã
գ¼̲סŸ֮֮˺һ漴ſƴֱ
õСǵ˲ָ˼֣б°ͣñǿ׿֮ˣݵô˵أ޻˵أ
ɽϰļơ
һʱ̧üۡ
ವһЦˡ
˵һɿǣһԲ񶼲˦ĸ߸ϵ̬
մӰǸ龰˱ܡ尾
죬ڡ
ɽһ
Ƭ̺΢΢ü
ԭԴԻǰЩԡ
ǽλӲĿﻰթ˳ˡ
˵Ե޹ʡ
ԭΪϣİٰӵάǱˣ룬Ч΢΢ãһյġԱ
ɽš
һʱԺವֻġʸ֮ԣôö˶˵ģֳˡ
ţ󣬹ɽٴγŸ֮Ҿԩˣ΢δ˵ƶ㲻ʵۣ΢ׯŮ֮䷶֮ʣ΢òŮӣȻҪĵغƷˣĵشɰƷиǶֱϰףϤ̷ҵϼҵ΢Ϊ;ߣ꣬ҲδйԹԣϸԵµŮӣδѵһĵغ֮ˣϵ϶̤һֻˣǸƶ֮أ֪˴Ķ㲻ʵ֮ԣĪҪţĪҪᣬ⴫΢ӶУýˡ
ɽе˵š
˵˵ţ֮ϵİ¶Ź
ֻһ죬һ׵ġ
һϮģ˻Ļɽ죬һʱЩֱ治⾿⹷˵Ĺά֮ԣģڷ
һһĪ
ڣּ˵ϣƬ̵ġˡ
ּǹɽ治ɫڴ˵ģ΢ҸŮ֮ԣǸǷ˼˵˵ˡ
ɽ˵˴ʱֱֱ̧֮ϵİһһ΢ŮӲκ˽飬֪Ϊλǰ㲻ʵţ΢ͬŮͬһԺ飬ڶʦУй̽ѧʵĽˣҷǵŮӲκ˽飬΢κŮӽκ˽飬΢ΨС
ɽ˵˴΢΢һ٣Ƭ̺󣬽˫һΨ΢һ˰ˣ
ɽ͵˵š
˵ֻ꣬˫µ˫΢΢һֱ̧λεĳ֮˿ȥ
ûϵڴʱĿŵĳĿһջأ˫۾ֱİ˫
ĿԼ䡪
Է˫İһǧžס
ȴǰȡ
΢΢һ֪ͣΪΣֻವһ·ɿջĿ⣬ɿܿǵߡ
ûϵڴͥڣĿ֮£Ŀŵ˵ˡ뻰
ʲôΨһˡ
Ϯ֮ԣһʱߵðЩ޵ݡ
˵գƫƫ϶˵ݣٰ֮ԡ
˵ְգȴַװģ˵һС
ټ٣ټ棬ֵðһʱֱ治е
˵ˣɽġУǲһλˣֺ飬⡣
Ŷδ֮ʱǵ˽˵ĽѾã񲻹꣬Ҳһɢɢȥȥô
УŲϡ
ⷬڳϵɫߣΪ˺ġ
뵽
뵽һֻ̧ۣԶԶſڽһĿɿڴ̶׷׳ŰüŪۣһ£һͺ˸ƨˣһʱĺ촽һҧΣ̲ס̧𷽲ŵСŮ֮ˣӶ֮ˣֱӶԷ˫Ŀ򶨵㡭ݵ˻ҲҪתƻ⣬˽飬Եλڴ˴Ϊ˲֪ЩɫṴˣԻˡ
ߣŲᱻٴθסˡ
һ˫ص˵š
ָĲ֪ŵġĸסΪԼ֮ԡ
ɽϵɫƣңƮһ֮ˣּܿ򶨣ָ糣ټƤŪգһʱ΢΢ȭڴߣٶȵ͵Ϳһ֪ǡˣȴˣò֮ڿڵģø¶޶˰·ƻˡ
еĻ˶
Ƥ

ɽЩΡ
һʱϷŪ˼һ˵ŮѰ΢Ϊģ˿ţ
ɽ˵ţһ
ۺһ¡
⻰⣿
˼ǽδ벻ɽģҸ˵ģѰˣ
һ£ܿ컺ŶɽǾǵĸĸ٣Ѳǵһӣˡ
ԣգδѰɽ˽¹ᣬΪģ
𰸴ӹɽðһ˲䣬ˡ
˵ӦǵʱײδˡᡱĻʱĵһӦǣɽһǸſڣⱾʱĵһӦǡ
ǣΪΣʱƫƫûⷽأ
һӾȫȻĸݣǸһ˲䣬áϡͿˡ
ôˣ
ðʵԵĲǰ
õô֮֮еĴ𰸺󣬰һʱһɣƬ̺󣬺ܿЩ²̨ˡ
ԣɽδ֮װף黹ûŪ֮ǰܻһԲתߣǵȡΣְŪָһҪľ׸õļƣ
ߣֵ֮ϣˣ
زˣ
ͷһвˡ
֮ǰһܻĻڰԺвϻطţǰ˿̶ֱˣֱͦˣֱ˲̨°ͣ˵һ߸ϣκ˿֮ˣҲȻⲻģϷһĨ
Ȼһ̧ۣȴµĹͦ˵һֱ׳ģ
ߣԣȻ϶ڡȡֿ
ŰͰÿ
ǰ˿ⷬˣȴȻЩԲԣӲ˵ʲôʲôɵŲţߡ
ͷеľľƲƲ죬˵š
޷ţ΢֤˺֤
ɽ˵ţһ䣬Ӧ̧һкһֻ̣ͬһһǰһ̤˽
Ŀбӵĸ
󣬱ɽ治ɫѯֹΪ£
۹۱ǣǹĵĴ𣺡شˣؿֹǰΪ
ɽֵбǼǣ
ʦүеĵǼǲϣˣѵ¼ڲᡣ
ɽ˵ͷ
ʦүǼǲᣬֹڽʱǰñڴ֮һ֮ãʱĿȥ
ʱĿ̣Ҳǰһʱ
ɽԵ˵ͷǼǲ˹漴ȥɡ
ͬʦү¡
ɴ࣬з
󣬹ɽǼǲ£ֱؿϵİ
һδ
жݵͣЪ
ֱ֪˶ãɽеĲһҪԹĿ
΢΢һ졣
һʱֽ촽΢΢һҧ
תתߺ˹ɽеĵǼǲϣſţãڿڣȴǴʵδʲô¶ĺΰ
Ŀ⾼š
һòˡ
ɽȴ΢΢һһ˵İ޹ʲй¶
ɽһ˵š
˵꣬ǼǲһգԶԶĳŸϵİһҾ˻΢һ˸΢аա
ɽһ˵ţš
·𽫰ǵҪ˵ǲɡ
˻һʱ̧εͷϵ޷
ðɣתʧܡ
·ǵҪ˵֮ˣȴһһʱеľľŰһңȻȴá
һ䣬ɿһȹڱһ··ɿ쿪ˡ
ߣأ
ѲɻǸɣ

ƽϣǶжˡ
ȹڣƸĺƵģӻ谵ĴںƮ˳ȥ
ʱһܻģȥԶ
ƮƮģһڡ
ɽԭأתıӰһʱ΢΢һĨЦ⣬ΣֽЦһգֻȻһвɰԵһա


50 
Ǹ, ǿԸļ
ߣϲȴ룬һţ
, ûб仵, Ȼ, ⼦ɾûķˡ
˵ɽõϨ˺, ̤˳
ʱһĨֻʣϡ, ߵľͷ, ʱҪƵġ
һĨɫůŴ, ҫ, ·˶һ⡣
ɽһ, ֻ˺ͷڵ, ɽһ, Ҫſȥʱ, Ÿʳг˹, һߴ濤԰, 濤, ִԼ
ɽµĻɫƬ̣ʱ, ˽еʳ, һ, ַܿɿ̧ͷ, ſȥ΢΢һҪڣ룬ʱֻĿһΣ߸̧°͵һⲢǱ³ģ³ģڶҲǱҪģǸպñ꣬ʣһЩϣµߥޣּϱ£Ҫߣ˳Ÿģڵ
ɽʱһӲ˵š

һʱ죬΢ҭס
ΣʦүչҪֵˣ߻
ʱ˫һУڵ˭˵Ǹ͵ģʦүѸߣЭð참͸ʦүԵġ
˵š
һ䣬ǽһۡ
¡һ˰һֿۣ˹ɽһۣ˶٣ǷӦ죬ӣʦүЦлʦүʦүΪҹͣ龫ǣļġ
ЦеĽʳд򿪣ͷһѰȡ˳ݵʦүǰ
ʦү͵ǰѣ˵ⷬʱΪжΪһʱſķλҾεºܣεºܡ
лͣл
ʮ˼ңԸӡ
΢֣СؽѼ˹ȥ
ɽ״ҪȻһֿ̣˿һۣȴ˿΢΢°ͣһĿ쿪ʤĴ󹫼һĴȫʤ
ſǸİģɽһʱ̧üģʱڿһĿɿڴĵĿУ֣ʦүȥȿʦүƳʦүеİѣȵԼƤȣʱڴͥڡĿ֮£ҪĿڵʦүˡ˿ͷһΪϴĸ
ɽϵɫЦеĳʦү˵š
ʦүɽⷬһ£Ӧһʱ֧֧⡭ǡࡪ
ʦүҪеѷ˴ˡ
ȴϣʱһĶֻİǸģǸģ
ֻЩ˵š
˵䣬̲ס̧ۣʦүǸһۡ
ʵǹ˵ĺƤٶˡ
˼ҪͳȥĶ
ô˼ŵڵġ
ֱҪ⸱ٶЦˡ
ô죿
úöˡ
һ˲ġ
ֱҪˡ
ôһ
ŵʦүҪͳȥ˫ָ˻ȥ
һʱΪѵĿ˿һۣԥĿ˶ͷ˾˴һۡ
ֻбŲѣһɽ
˼ҾݵϣȾ˼֮ɫ
ⶫ͵ġ
աǲգ
ɽǲκ֮ɫֻ΢΢ЦôΪͷһ̽ҲͷһΪϵĸʦү¡
ɽ˵ţ룬ֵոõţұһʦүһѣʦүɺã
ɽЦе˵š
òмӡ
˵ˣʦү绹ܱżţһʱеѹ黹˹ɽУεĿ˿һۣڨڨЦţȻܿŵĨˡ
ʦүһߣɽһ
һʱͷ˻һۣǼᣬ΢΢ԶİȥӯӯǳЦϣ·дţҵġ
ˣһʱҧأɱˣ޲ܽǰǸǧˣһʱݺݵɽ㡭òҪ
˶٣ҧҧⱲӾûԹô
Ƥȳǽô
涪ˡ
ú޲ֱš
Żǰʮͷһ⽫Ͳȥġ
ðͳȥĶתִۣӱҪˡ
ҪǸضˣؼǣΪľһѡƼ
Ҫˡ
ⱲʵûԹ͵ļ
ڰú޲ðҷ֮ʣɽż˵ţԴӦǾ䡰ⱲӾûԹô
⻰þһʱԶԡ
󣬽¡Ƶ˷׷Ц
ɽؿβȾ˼ĨЦ⣬һʱűǼƵ޵ļζŻȵĴУһʱ̧ۿɫٿǰӰһͨˮȵһ죬ձϦˣƬֻ̣ЦʵɫǶˣ
˵ţཪһۣһ⽵꣬ƤںζпɣΪż·ʱȥӣΪܿһѣ뿤һ룬Σ
ɽš
һ䣬ͷˣʱ޲ȥȥȥϲˣǸͣҪ롣
һ䣬Űҡεȥȥȥգæһ磬ҶӶҪˡ
һҡŰֱۣһƴԼĶ˵š
һ˵ҪȥԶȥ䣬޲ſɹȥ¿˵һ֡
󣬵һӦǣţСš
Ŀͣĸȥߵľ¥ɽأǻе˼²Ǹ·̯ա
ߣðδԹ·̯ˡ
ңһ⽣Ҳδ̫˰ա
Щ
ǽȣθڲѣڽһõıǺ«£΢˿ζټϽãϦǰҹ϶ַǷ
࣬ǳҲ߶ǰδʱһ겻һԪҹĻ棬һɽҪȥ֣ȥ˱ƱҪ˼һʱЩĶ˵Ҫȥ⽣ôʵδͷԹˣһʱӾЩꤵĽл
ּ⼤СЩҡ˸첲ȥС椶Ҫҹˡ
ţһʱ̧ۣһŲ鲻ԸΪѵĳŹɽڵǱȥգ
˵ţ־ð㲻ܱ¶ԼҲЩȥ˼ʱ΢̧°ͣ˵Ĳһ䣺ߣȫµӲġ
һ˵š
ɽԣΪ򡭡
״泩ˣֱһ̧ݰա
һ䣬СȵĽ첲˰£һ·ߵ


51 
ڱ滨︽ͣ, ¼Ӿ滨ڶ棬һʮּª̯ӣڴϰŷ
Ѿ˸߷, Ŀ˲, ոɢȥһ, һ˼ʰæ
ԶԶһй˵, λ˼ڿͷĹɽ, ˼Һַܿ, ӭ, ߵߵ˴, Ϲأһ⽲Ӵף
˼ҺƶԹɽϲʮϤ, Цеš
ɽЦŵͷÿһ롣
˵գİҪӴף
˼ɽġν, һ, ɿ쳯Űķһۣջ, ֻͷΡΡ׳ŵϲڵ, ɡɼһ, ζ
˼ҳϻ̳ϿֵĽ, ССԼģСϼԭɽġ
ԣ㻺ǱԼЩ
ҲźҪס
, , ȥæ, ù˼ǡ
˼һ, ²һ⣬漴æк⽡
ɽд
ܿڣðŰ̡
СС̯λЩŲֽţҲЩģĿ֮Щҡ
һŲŲᣬЩϰߡ
¡ƶ˼¾ɣЩģҪ濤ãʱɽȻգҡ
˵գеӽһߵϸϸһ⣬ֽӴӿ¨ȡýȥһˮһ顣
״΢ֱͦ壬¡ƶ˵գùңò׳ֻܳԵþ˱ǡ
˵š
¡ƶ˻Щġ
ʱķģҸǸһ׼źġ
¡ͷڸ
ôªĵطǹɽӣⱲ¶̤롣
ǰ飬ʵǡʽĲͬ
ԳмʮŮ̫֡źţʳһǾϸģ֮ʱС׵ò;߶ҪֿרŵģΪˣ̫Ϊרŵ;ߡ
С˵ġ
ǽ߿ˡ
һ̧ۣɽͽ¶·ģƶªĳʳϰΪ˵ʱھӪ²ϴ裬ʳʳĻҲϡ棬˾Լһֱ˵һѰ
ʱȡһˮ̿ӣɽȡһֻ룬һÿˮ̹øɾ漴ݸ˼ңƸ˼ҵ˵˾ʲô˼ԶԶſһۣͷ
ǹӲʸУһ˲䣬Ī嵭ˡ
һּ̧ۣطϵãЩӡ滨֣عжӺڴ˴ͣ滨ֵ滨ؽͣ滨ȥͺعȥе滨⡣
һγ滨ڴ˴
ͣڽֵԣһȥδǵعȵòͷˣƵƵƿⶫ¹Źرգȥߴ˺üأҴҸʱȴֻССһֽŰƴСֽƿͷĿСÿĸ㣬춼֡
ʱͺعûٽ
εʵ̫࣬ϰ˵޹ÿֻһݡ
ѹȥôá
ͺعöԸȣ֮࣬ҲΪѵų
һͬع˫˫ſϣһһ㣬ССڵس
ŴڼʵûжŨҵζ󣬴ݼŵ滨һɺϵŸУӡ̡
ǰһʳ滨ֵ滨⡣
һĿ飬ͺعһ˲飬Ÿո죬ѵЩûܾˡ
ЩһʱЦžԴôһ£ҪȥŶӣ΢΢죬ˣͷŹˣصˣĸ߶ˡ
һӣʹϡ
չɽ滨Ҳڴ˴ġ
ڿʲô
һǼɽüš
ûʲô
˵ţ˶٣Щ̲סʵˣϻصġ滨⣬ڴ˴ģ
š
ɽüͷһͷš
˵ֿ꣬һۡ
ʲô滨⣬ʲô滨⣿
ʱ·ҧ䣬´Ҫ鱨׷š
ͬɽһۣ۹۱Ǳǹģûʲô
²ţһ˫ڶɨţæȥʵңЦеŶ滨⣬ͷ滨ڽȥʮλм滨ӣǶ滨˾һÿкЩ˹Ŷӹÿÿ޹һݣȫǶ֪ңϿζˣмʮˡ
˼˵š
ˣһֻ̲ס죬Ҳ׷ʵңǼҴ˿Ŷ
Цеţ˼ɵĵ̽š
˼룬У˵ţǧɫڣЦԼĪǰ˻Ŷһ⣬ʱ鶼ŵСĵĵſˡ
˼ҹֱ˵š
һԵȴ˼һۡ
˼ûл
·ӦǼһʱವһ²СŰ͹ɽ룬ԭǾҳԶʳң̫ǡ
һ˵š
˽һۣûַ룬ּ׷ʵ֮ǰأ֮ǰҲô
һ˵ţһбüŹɽ
Ҫ̽һĸСŶ滨⡣
˼ڤ˼룬⼸٣겻СˣͷӼǵô˵һͷʳǰˣҲǰϦҹԼĪҲʱˣգù⽺󣬴˾ȥŶһأÿ¶ŶͷӵĽѰͨˣʶһգͷӼǵø
˼Ҳ˼˵ţһ䣬ЩڨڨĿŹɽˣͷӿмǴ
ɽԣһʱüëЩεļԡá
ɽ˵š
ȻһԵİȴסˡ
ǰġϦҹ
Ҳʱ
ǲǡǲǵͺعһ滨ͬһô
ǡͬһʱ̣
ΪʲôǵΪǳʱȥˣ˻˻ĸ𷣡
ǵãգǵ·ʱͣСʱǵǻͷعｫٵĺͷǴء
ͣǰԶλãС꣬ʮಽľ롣
ԣգɽҲڴ˴⽣
³һֲֵĽÿֵȫͷ·ʱҪһ滨Ƶģͷ滨ʱ滨䣬ǵӳļڡ
ĻɫӹңΪ¡
£ɵƵƵɽķɨȥ
ȴϣɽȭڴߵ͵ͿһȻµĲܿߡ
룡
ѵͷй


52 
ͼҪڳһιʱ, ʱ
⽺ÿ
ӹĶ⽹ϵĵһǸϵģõǷǸɽÿˮ̹롣
˼ϣһʱǹɽһ, ·˵ȷһ
ŽƵ
ֻһ, , , ƤƯϣϸ͵Ĵл, ƯűһϺƤ, Լεɫ, һֵĳ´ζ, ˲, ڱǼ⣬˱Ƕ, һʱðЩʳ
ʳȻϸ, ʵŷ޹ʱĹ, û˹, ڿϻ߽, źŮǶϰ̵߽֭ȷ, ܹ˲Żĸǰ
һγԵ̵ʳչɽĢ
ǵڶ 
ȹѬ۾ȴĪá㰡
ǿ, ̲ס
, ûеһʱ, ת˿ɽ, ֿ˿¡
θ˸һ룬Ҫһƿ´ףѵѵͷ˴ƿðЩĿ࣬ĩˣֿ·һͣ壬ͨͨͱһףףףҪǮﵹµ֭˲
ҨһƤ໺һ沿ʼҳ鶯ʶסĿڣΪ̵ˣʶʿˮҪ͹ȥʱȴºһʣȻŤεС˲΢΢һ飬ȻǺĴһ㷢ߵһ֣ˬ

໺̫ˬˣ̫ˬˣƤںģ̫óˣүүǼڴ׺ӹϲ
۷Ź⣬˵䣬Ҩһһ£ˣûһ죬̣ȴַһˬ˵ģ
˼µĵֵϸԱһջ
һ̣λ˼һϣĿС䵽˰ϡ

ʱһԵĹɽӵݸԣ̣
˶潪һۣ尲ѧ
ϲˣôѧңǸʲô˼
˵ţߥްҲӵӣҵ߯ˬˣҸ˵Ŷ⽲ӣ൱ڡ൱ﳴôţҲζ
°ȰȰ˵š
һֻðɽü
㿴ֱóԵҪˡ
µŰ⽣ظӵģ
ɽȴ˫һɣٲͣȥ
ɽ°ͳŸһ㡣
漴Űģ㲻ܳģͷֶˡ
ԣ˿ɽֿ˿£ΣüﲻݵҲҪģ
һ˵š
һ䣬µòҪӵҪһɪĿڻʱȴɽ˫²ӣֵµȴŰ˸Ĵָһġ
״һŮӵȻŮӡ
һЦζͶ
ɽȴ죬
Ҫ
һ䣬΢΢̧֣ҪȥͨͨͣҪԶּӡ
ɽۣƬ̡
ʱֱһ̽˹ȥڰ֮ǰͶ˹ȥ
б۳˫Ŀֱֱ
ɽ壬һԵļƣʱ죬ΣɿڣֻЩεֻܳһ㣡
ԾԾԵá
˵գߴٵӿӣ
ɽεҨһƤ⽣Ȼ󣬽һ͵뵽ϵϣݵ˰ǰ

һΣ
һ
ҪĲһϵһ͵֣ҪͬһףףףȻ⽶ɺ֣ͨͨ
ŲҪСģ
΢΢ϴ⡣
ɽŸһΣбۿĿ⽥˵ҵĵߡ
ʱ޺޵ĵһۣǰἫˣˣطĵ̡
Σֻҧҧ鲻ԸҪӽӹʱȴּɽ˻ȥ͵Լᴵһ£ٵݵ˰ǰ
Ҫӡ
ɽõˡ
ӵȥ鷳⽻
һ£ֻ÷Źɽ֣չȥ漴ùס˵ߣŹɽ֣һڽ⽴˹
˻
ģģЩ̡
һ죬һ˲䣬ֻ⣬ǻ
˻
ָ̧ס죬˵š
һַֻɿ쳯ŷ硣
ЩæңȴȻЩǱȴȻȫǱ֮ˣŵżټĻҿɰ
ɽ̣͵ߣ³
ССڵؽţɽԣҪｫ⽸ٳƵģܹĳ飬ʱŵ÷ɿһƤ⽱ֱ˳ĺһ»ˡ
Լû뵽ֱӸȥԼһ¡
ɽģ΢΢һ飬ѷĲ˹ҲŹɽֱССں
ģģĴҲˡ
ôó𣿡
Ŀ⾼شչš
̧ȷ磬Σ˵ͷ̧̧°ͣóԣһҪ
˰⻰ֱʮ⻹ҪˣʲôͽƷζ
ǰֻƷζߣֻпķݣһˡ
Ͻˡ

໺š
Ҳ໺ţ
˼Ҽ״һʱҲ̲ס̿Ц
ɽȴĪЩͷۡ
Ǻóԣ
Ǻ棡
һζû˷ܺ棬ζͶˡ

΢΢ߴŹɽһԾԾԵģ
ɽ˫ģѵ壬һʱһִ˸Ƥģ͵߶വ£̲סѵ
ɽֵС͡
͵ʱʮȻı㽫˹ȥֱӾŹɽʳš
ɽѣҧһ룬ԡ
ѵĽ飬ҧһ룬ƤϸζĴףĿڸУֿڸ
ǺóԼˡ
ȴҲûôԹİ˲Ǽð
ɽһһõýζһʱĿתĿţΣ֣ÿһǣսñǼϸǵ֭
Ҳû㣬ţֻЩҶһʱץסӵ̶ֻ֣סȻ֣ʣ⽸ҧ˹
һССڽţһ̧ͷȴʱһʱĵģȫһ뿴ǵġٶ
ǻᷢȻǡ
һ£ź֪ķӦ⽾ͳ⽣ôųţ˹ɽڡιԣ
ڴͥڡĿ֮¡
ֲĺͯ
ֻĺͯ㱻ιģ˫ץ֣
һ£Ƭ̺󣬴Ӧһ˦˹ɽֻ֣һºˡ
ֻöѼˣ
ȰġС֡顱ɽǶ˵ƽȣֻĿбӵؿ˰һ̵ۣ֪ͣû⵵ЦЦĿһۣʵҪô
һ
Ͱʡ
̵ͣǻۡ
ҪҪү
ҧš
꣬һʱֺ֮ǰ⹷һһ䣺΢ûү˧˶ӣ
˶ˡ
µ廨Ьһŵȥ
ɽ΢΢Ŵµؽûˣ̶˵ˣ԰գ˾Ͳóˡ
˵ֱ꣬ðùֻӣԼͷ
ʱ򣬰ŷ֣ùǹɽģùҲǹɽġ
һȥ
ȴ룬һȥĽȴλزˣһֻѥ֪ʱһź˹Ľż̵ֻѥ֮䣬ŲŲ飬鲻
ķڰ죬ڳ˻ȻһʱƮƮġ
廨Ь
Ľƺ׵İӿһ£ƫͷ
Ľȹ
˼Ŀһۣڣϣ
ʱɽе廨Ь΢΢һΡ
ЬӾУһ৺ˡ
޲ýͶָڹɽϡ
˵ǲûС
٣ģ
һжֻǸġᣡ
һᡭô


53 
, ŹСӣźûܳ꣬ϾǿǱ軹Ҫһ, , ʣ°, ȫ˹ɽĶˡ
Ҳ˵, һ֮һ裬Ѽһ֮븹ˡ
Ǳţ
СƤ, ͺ, һȦ
ͬСƤİ˴۵Сۡ
˫ͬʱӶԷ￴, ֮, , 廹
ùźѾȫˡ
Ϧ, ҹֵϱʮֿ, Ե̫࣬ʶһ˱ǰͷıɢɢ, ʳ
˾ֵһ, ְŻǺ, ҹλ, ϱеƻͨҹߵ̻֮أͨĻ¥Ǻյ, ǵá
ڽʳӻŸʽ鱦, , , ֻӣƱκܽеĳֵ䱦ʳ
˵иʽĿƣʮ·ˣˣһһɳĻ׳ۣ̾Ϊֹ
ֵԻвٽǺ«ģС˵ģҲ̯Сʳģа˵ָ̺ϡŹֵİڼġ
ֵĽǰˣ仹ϦҹյʢҲضãϸϸȥഺʻ˾Ӷࡣ
ð
ᰲĽѰ಻סˣƶʲôȤͬųСզզһɵСˣһɵｫڵ̺ϵıڼһ顣
ܿ죬㽫˦Զˡ
߶ԶԶš
ͬɽ󻺲С
⻹ǳôͷһظŹɽһ֣֮ǰعУʱܹD׼ĸС
Եģ
ɽڰ࣬żڵȺ
ƣ䲻ǰ㰤һ飬ǾȤġ
˹ʵ
ҡͷ
ʲôȱؼЩٳģˮҲʱô࣬ʶԹĹĵģһֻŶùĹĵĶӿЩȥ
ĹĵĶӳϣʵЩӰˡ
ɽһֱסԸСӣ±˿Ƶģ˵һǣڣƵȤĶҲѵûǰ
ԹʱҲԹԵߵһԵС̯λǰǮһӡ
˹˫ֱﶢ̯λСǣȴ֪ʵҪʲô
ɽʦָָһͼڵģָָһһԧͼģĩˣɨలһۣɻҪֵģ
ԭڸСˡ
֪ȴ֪ʵ򣿡
ɽͷϣΪҡ
ˣʱüͷһǱҡ
һ䣬΢΢һָ̣̯λϵҪСѼӣҪСӣҪСѣˣһҪֵģҪһ֡
˴Ҵҵĵŵ
ʦļҪôּ࣬ʲͬò֪ݲͬ죬˶λˣ˴ͻЦֻ۾гһ϶ˣͷˣλүλˣԵƬ̣С
˵䣬̲סķеһƱ֪Ǹиģƣλү
ʦ˳ƥ
ԣȴ΢΢һ飬Σɵһۡ
飬ͽ۰
˶ѡ
²ţȻʦ߳գת۱һֵķչᣬһԧϷˮ
ĿתƵ˫ĿԲȴҲĵĸڴ
ֻʦտ߳һСˣζôȲ˵ţϲ
ϲÿģĶ
ʦһ߸Сˣ͸һ֡
ö˵ģýţùɽţԧ֣͡ɽСѼӣСӣСѡ
СˣûȻŵˣֻĿתʱԼСˣʱɽеСѼǣȻﳰЦţףþǵһӣþ׸һǸĸ٣ǸɵģڴϾСǵСˣҲǣЩСѼǣСǵ伫ˡ
Ȼ󣬰ȫ̵İǶڳЦɽģС棬ʱðֵõߵߵģ沿΢΢鶯
ǻ̫һʱû⣬һСĽСŮ޸ײˡ
Ůˤ˸ƨɶףһƨɵڵϣʱ˫ճСȭ۾ϣ㡰ءءĿ
СŮ޿޵˫Ҳ³鴤ž¹ţһ˲䣬СС˶
һӦĻҵĸŶӣҪοţȻСͯദ䣬ǸްСˡ
Щᡣ
ʱСŮǰͷᳶ˳һԹɽָۣСްЩ֪ô죿ô죿ǲǱҡײˣˣڿޡ
㣬ˡ
ļٵ˵š
ɽСŮޣ־ӸµĿ۳۰βһεİǶȿȥһСţ˿̾ѵòٱһĿˣֻһ޴룬ͬǸСŮһС
ҲǸСŮޡ
Ǹ˴֪ǺõСŮޡ
ɽ˹˰һۣ漴СгǸɰСˣСŮǰ˻ΣһߵӵСŮޣһ͵͵ֻ۳С˿һۣʱСˣֻવĿ۹ɽֿ۶۰Ͱ͵İԥһ£ֹס˿̽СֳС
룬ȴϹСʱǰСವһ²ˡ
ɽһ˻ȥ
СŮ޼״Сһۡһ޵øˡ
ʱŹɽһȭֻس
ɽһ޹ǡΪ͸ġ
ʱһֺۣһȭҧһˣ㡭𣿡
һ䣬С˸һѶ˹ȥæСصݵСŮ޸ǰСĺŵ쿴ʲôѽۣС˰
ѹѧСͯĺš
СŮޣɽ΢΢Ŵ·ں
ޣŶ㲻ޣСӾ
Դĺš
СŮ޿િŰԥٴνС˹ɽӣСӴ󷽵СŮС
СȵСŮСˣˣ˫һУЦ
״˳һ
ɽСŮޱС첲СȣȷްСŮ޵ĶСŮһר־СˣһĲɵĳŲԶһָָ
ɽԴȥɣԺ·СЩ
СŮޱı˹ȥ
һֱĿСŮ޽˰̣һʮҵĴͷĸ˽СŮǣ˽ȥɽͰջĿ⡣
ɽСĴæڵϵİҲһ
ȴƵƵۣһ·ੲݵСž
ţЩ粽Уһתֲۣ֪ʱһֻϵСͯȫˣһ·ڽţһ·һСβǸţСβǷ׷ſˮͰͷĿתĶеСˡ

СͨΧ˸Ȧ
ò׷ɵСһš
ɽվȦȦͷЦЦĿһҪæ˼ûС
˳˳ʱеСˣһûʣˡ
أСǣһûˡ
ûζġ
Ҫɽˡ


54 
, 쿴ƣöư
˵һ·յŹɽѰǺӱʱ, ѰԶ˵Ľ¡
ԶԶȺ, ˷ܵسŰ, ָճ໺š
, ̧ͷֻҹһյյĿ, мʮϰյ, СС, , ҹ, һ˲䣬Ŀӳ˻Ǻ, һȥ, ˮУ, ȫһյյ, λƵ, һһ, ʤա

ظ̾š
һ䣬ָĴдһ, ɨȥ, ֻɽ˿, ˲翿ü, ˵ַ׷״䣬ָʱʱһ
ûеͷȥ˶̧ͷĶͬʱͷҹա
ָָȴ޵Ĳš
һʱġ
һʱҧº촽
Īģ΢΢һȡ
ֻй͵͵ĸоƵġ
һ̣ۿ޳ּӲָڽҪǣָˣʱһۣȺƿ˲ԶDӰһζ
ʱĻǺӱͷܶΪвע⣬ǵӰʧˡ
һ㶣ȺѰȥȺУD֣ŽǸλȥˡ
D棬ǿDһյƣؼǣԱߺƻһӣȴŮ棬ɾЩĿˡ
ţ
Dʱأ
ϢڰԺһһ̣󣬱ֻವһ̧ԶԶԶһָȻһD
⺰һȻֻʮʶת˹
ĿԼ䡪
D˰
˵D
һӣһ̣DСۿɼٶȷɿһĨ֮ɫһ̣ȹڱ׷Dץ֮˱ҧܡ
£죬죬D׽סD
ŽºһŵDߵķɿһָ
ܿȹһ˷ܵȥ
²ԣ㺰ţһºӻûӦߣӿ׷ȥ
һʷʵ̫죬գ֮䡣
ǣɽĿҪֵ裬ĿŵشָлˣȻ˻ûӦһׯŵذ໪ȹڣŻǺһ·ܵԶˡ
ɽ
˵ͬ׷С֣ڸƵģDһѴסˡ
ȷ˵Ӧǽ¸ƵŵDһҵſڣ粽С
ʱࡣ
£㡭ɿ
ɣ
ɿ
˵ɱɣߣɲɾͲɣ
ֻ¾ŵDӣЩֽ֣ʵԲѰŮԸ߰ͷƫƫDСɽСҵģվһγĶԱȡ
֮DӲŮ棬ƫƫڲ˵ģı㽫Dסˡ
СƵģࡣ
ֱĵ¶ʱһֳ㿴Ҹ˰գҪҽͷѵˣⱲӻûˡ
̧ĴָűǼһᡣ
һ⣬һƨš
D㻹С椷ſ
٣С椣ҡ㡣
ˣˣ£ȷſգֻҪû˱ˡ
˷ŵĻҺͼͨݣֻһ̧ޱߵķһӯӯЦųŵD˹ȥЦе룬ڴ˴ɰ
˵ţЦЦŵDкʲôܰ
һ˵ţһ̧š
Dʱһ飬ֻ֧֧ǰáɰ
һ٣ֱͦˣˣ׷ң׷ңҡҵȻܿ
Dһֱ׳˵š
б۳ܣô׷
D㲻׷ҡôܣ
²㲻ܣô׷
ۿҪˣδ˸ƣͣ
ڣͬʱĹĵͣ볯Ű˹
Щ飬ֱӰ
ȴ𷽲Űľٶæ㷽ڿʲô
Ƴ˵DһۣDҲƣֻЦЦڿôһˣôûˣŮء
µҴʱ򣬾һˣֻСƵģͷβġ
DҪըˣҪȥ˫һɣӣֱ׳ⲻ߶ô˷ӣҪ°߱ţⲻ׷ΪǴˣŵñȶˣǵģ˷ӡ
DΪԼѰ˸ĽڣһԴǡ
ظš
ŷŵĳ
˿Ҳûٵƣֻĵǿһֻܺһˣĳ˻ظ
D׷ʱһϲѹŵʯͷиһʱɿܹһץŰӳ˳ּһס˰ĸ첲ôˣ㶼ңûͺɶ𣡡
DΣսֿʼΪˡ
˵ţ֪ʲôһŰˣϻ͸ҵƿ񽬣Ү㿴쿴ҲŲ£ϾͳһСëˣлУҵͷǲǱˣⱦ㻹ôôٸһƿգҿɰˡ
Dһ޲ܵŰϰһڲźá
ԣŵDƳһۣͷûڣƲͺͺĶǰȷʵë׵һƬ
ʱüЦñҲѱʱѪˡ
˶٣һŲ֪ôССһƿķ˱ֲǿǮׯģƱҪǮܴѴⲻڳ̫ҽǶôԼȥѰ̫ҽȥҪٳ̫ҽܰ㰾

С
ţ
ǣDؽŰڹɽϵ˿ԭⲻȫ
˵ʱʱɽ֣֪ʱ˶
Ǹ磡
DŰŹɽ˸к˶٣̲סʵǸ磬ʱģô·ûһ
Dһ
ϾŮɬͷעͺţ룬˹̽ġСܡ
ȴǹɽµüΪ޵ʱ򡣡
ɽۣһһ˵š
һ䣬ͬDһۣ漴˶˵ĸ첲ϣȻ󣬶˾͸Ƶģͬʱһ·ֿ˫֣һ󲽡
˻ͬʱһļƤ
֡Թ
ʵ̫ˡ


55 
صһĨů͸οյĵ, ůһֱ굽룬ĴİϣͶһȤļӰ
߰µ, ֮糿, ڰ̫ɽ֮ʱ, ֻϧֻܹ۵η, ǰߡڰгֹֻǸ̰˯ġ
, ѵһﻨл˹
һֻ޹ǵ, ÿһ, ϵ˳ŴͷĿһۡ
漴, Ÿڴĥá
ҹҹε, ͵DظʱѼ, ˫ȷ, ˯ǰɽȣȻ, һƬɬо۵ڲ֪仺˯ˡ
ɽʱ, Ժһ
ʱͷһƬڲ, û뵽, 磬ʱͷһ, 컹ȫڵġ
ʱ, ɽÿһ, ڴⱳŴ齵ķ¡
˵, ͦεӰüɽỺȴɣǻǳôˣһĿ£ֻ΢΢籰׵췭תָŲֱһȦ籰׵˲ͬһֱͦˡ
һ籰׵ûһ˿壬º΢΢ಽֽľʩϵĹȡ£ϡ
ɫĹִֿȻȴǰ˿Ϸ죬·ںϳһ塣
½ϵĶζεð˫룬ʶۣɽϸ΢Ķ·ʱһ죬һ߻ת˫һ̧˫ϣ°͵ڽ˫ϣſڴͷһ˫峺һۣĳλš
һԿᣣڣӰӰֵĹⰵУ
Ȼ˫ĿγˮĿֱؿ
磬Ҳ
ɽڵ΢΢һ١
ĿԼ䣬˫ûп˵
ﾲĵġ
ɽƬֻ̣ڵ˹ĴŹۣȴʧ˹ţһ˫ϸĺĶţȴĪŹ
һĶ
ƹ࣬ĲͶ㰵ӰĪš
Ҫ̷£
ſţֳֻ棬ſŵ΢΢ţճһĨҡҷȵֱضŴ֮µĹɽεοš
ġ
͸Ź˯ζȴַ·λεġ
ţȴ˿ûҪеζ
ʱĹɽȻˣԣ˫۶ʱһУһʱ죬һõĶͬʱһ̧ľʩϵ漴˫ָԳסһˣһֱߣȻһһ۳Ŵ齷
ٶֿ˿ʵֿһʱ˲ǰڻͷһ£˵һ׸׸̰ͼ޼ҼҲĳ峿һʱɥĲ񣬾ԼĿԼӸһˡ
ǹݣǰĻһޡ
ۿǹɽһһ
ߴϣͶİӰȻ㣬һһϮ
춼˴ߡ
ţͷһһʱҧָŽƽȻŴһҪҪɱҡ
ŭǺңټļҵҲֲͷģ㻹־ܣ
Ϸͷһ䣬űӳŴͷһתۣ䵽˴
֪ǱӲ̫ǳͷһˣȵҪѳʱȴôѲı
󣬻ǹɽӱ˳ֻۣЦЦĳģշ˲ӵģ
ҪҲա
ﵰ
ǹ˫ָ˴ͷ
*
ϣֱһ̧˿˲ֱۻ¶ϸ׹
ϵĺ۵ǲˡ
ò
ûϵǹˡ󵨣
ҽ
һ˲䣬һѹԮΪޣΪĸо
Ҳǻ𣬶ǡҹ
ȻǽɤӺƺҲΨķݰա
š
Щͣ־ñơ
ôоССĴ֮ϣζչÿ
Ϥǹ˸۸ȥ

ϣһʱַ߳ߺ޵ظɺһѡ
֪˶ãҪˣŽһѷߺ޵ƿȻ󻺻ÿᣣ˴齡
ñҪ磬ͷûˣ˶ͷæţܹͷϤϤ˵Ż֦ͷеʱӿһȣйеķ㡣
ϵϵĽûдЬֱӲ̤ĵ̺ϣʶرҪߵӿơ
ȻԽʱ΢΢һ٣һԭ˻ƫͷŰһƳ˲䣬̲ס̧˫֣ɿס˺촽ȴȻڲס촽΢ʶطס
ֻ¶һĨϲĿһ̣ȥ
ֻϰڷżСƿǳɫīɫģɫģƴССƿԭǰ廨ģÿһɫ䲻ͬĻȻ˿̾Ϥ˳ÿƿͷĲǻһֵġСˡ
Сˣ
з˵ģԧģСѼӣСӣСѡ
ٴϵСϣһ֣һ֡
һ߸
ЩСͯǸߡ߸
һҹ֮䣬ˣ
־ϲ
ʵǡû뵽۾ܿǡ
ġˡ
ҧź촽ǲԾ
ʲôֵǮǣǾǺϲѽ
۵ġһߡػ˺ü顣
һʱҪö˸ʱĿһ٣ƿͷһУ̴ľĺӣƽƽ棬ͷЩ򵥵Ʋ֮ɫ֪ͷЩʲô
ЩĽԥƬ̣ӻ򿪣ֻͷһöӡ
һ¡
ֻǰ˻ľģʽ򵥣ƴСССһöһεģһǵ˼ϸϸһ
ƽƽ棬Щ֮
ȴ΢΢һ
ʱƶǰŽˣ³ڵİȴ룬һÿȻֻˣŽѾӲ˵̺ϡ
ҵĸӣܲЬ࣬˸Ǻá
˵ţȥЬ˹Ҫźϡ
ȴеӣָָϵСǣ⡭զ£
۰Ͱ͵š
ЦؿЩɶǽһģǸС𱦵ģɻǵãСһֵߵ͹ģ˶ˣ۰Ͱץ᲻ˡ
С𱦽ЩСʱĻ棬ôһЦѣϿһСǣӵŮһˣֻΪС˵ʦˣһͷӶʣĶأڸ⣿ҲҪһ֮ơ
һģԵֲѡ
û뵽Ǵģ͸ǿġ
ϦŶ
ˡ
Ļ涺˫䣬켷üŪ۵ѵ
ŶˣϦ
ôһѣ΢΢
Цţ°ȴһ̧һߣʲôɶǷҵġ
һ䣬ЬӶûüһ·ƮƮƮ˰˱󣬽ͷһ˳ֻǽķһ˫ֺȤĻͷЬִ˴СϻͷգöһúֻСһ˽У
ʰһ£ȥ
룬Ÿһ䡪
Dˡ
˴Ҵ


56 
㻹֪ң
˵Dܿ㱻Ůӭӡ
⻹ǵDһ̤뽫, ˼ҵ͵D뾩⼸ǻδκ磬ǰһƺƴĻѣ˼Ů, ʶǶӲκλ̤뽫, ôЩ, ҲΨйеļλǼλӼ佫ܹ֮л뽫߶һ
Žͷɭ, ذٲȻһС͵䳡, һ̤븮, ֱеDĿת, ֻÿһׯ, ĸЩݻȻͬ, һֳŵ¸У·𱳸ǧƵ, ʶؾн, һڵĵDһڣҲⲻ˵İʵ
һ·Ȼ¿š
ֱ, , , D̲סȻһ, ҪŰȥȴϣڴſ, ΢΢ü, 䳰ȷ, һĺתͷͽ˵ļơ
DҲ, ֻһȥһŰĸ첲΢⽫ˣ͸Ƶģ˵使εεĵסǱ̭ôԶûĿ£Ŀˡ
DȰȰȵĶ԰źá
˵ţֻСع۲ɫְͰ͵ҿܹȢɻǸ׬ˣסˣȻҲŲһһ۵լأ
DһŽֲǣһ߽ĵ졣
ԣȴ֮ԱǵǷ񣬵겻֪ĸߺţ˵޸ǹǣͺñһпõĵùƥѪǰʧ㣿
ҷţЦЦɨǵDһۡ
Dһ΢΢һ飬Σ죬ߣ˭㵱ǸأǸһ确ע˵ģҵDŮȦ˻ģǸҵDģ֪ҸعͷѪ֮ʣǸƥѵһĺѪô֮ˣĸˣĸͷϣĸ̣ߣ˱˻ԣҲ̭㼸䣬ôˡ
DȻ̲סЩġ
սҵԵɡ
ⲻҽԹôͶˣˣʹ˲С˹㲻Ӽƽˣòã
DŰĸ첲õ˵š
Ƴһ̧ۣ°͵Ҫ֪ȥ
Dָ֪ĺ£΢΢һȣΣֻһҧá
*
ۣöСˣöСˣҪ
˵DһڣۼƼ˰һŵСˣDĶˣǰʶǸСģģ߰Ͱ͵ʲôʱģôûƼͷЩС˰
DͰš
ҪǸСȡ
ϣ̲סһЩɶǽһġ
գգۣϦڡ
Dһ£ץСѵһɣ㬵˻ЩȺζû뵽Ǹ羹ϸġ˶٣ֱ˱죬û뵽㾹ϲЩɵĶֱһɡ
Ǹ羹Ҳɡ
ϦڣŮӸңӸŮô
ô˰ôͬ
ɣǲͬɵDȴĪĽ͡ðɣʵҲڡ
Цŵô࣬һ޷
DȴֵߣӲǸ͸ģһô£ҲŲҪ
D˱˵ţ˶٣ĿŰ
Լʲô
Dҡҡͷ૵ûʲô
ڻһȦŮǶȥ
Ůǽ裬Ϻ󣬱Ϥˡ
ͷĵģ͵Dٴţڡ
DŲ裬һ߳ţһ߽ζľ£û뵽гһգҲ̤ǵ齡
ƵƵ˰һȤζСϣȻЩȻ᲻Ųۡ
û뵽ЩС˾ǹǸġ
û뵽ǰ㲻Ĺǣġġ
뵽ôЩԡ֮ϡԵĸִͷ飬ø߸ϵİ·һҹ̳֮ϵˣƽ˸ЦƵģȻֱʱ˿̣Dź֪ķ֣ԭЩЦ֮˲Ц
һ·԰ϸ΢չˣʵҲ㲻϶ôչˣҹȫ̸֣ʵǸӴĻᲢ࣬ǣʱǸʶֲ̧󣬰ʶÿ⿴ϸ΢ƵƵۡ
˵϶ô޼䣬һ·ڽϣߵߵÿ죬һתۣԶܹǲԶǸǵߴӰ
һ̣D֪ͷ÷зķޣԶ紫Եǰ㡣
䣬һӺ󣬿ϵЩСˣֿڵĲãֻľʩϣǸĳͰӽһ𣬴µĽ̤ϣһ˫ľɫ廨Ьһ˫ɫߵѥаڷһԶԶŴϿһۣͷǴɫԧϲеĶŮҶһһԵģʮϲģ֪֮ĸԶ紫ŵǰӡ
һּ̧ۣڵĵϣ˼ɫġϲ֣ϲɫ۷ˣȴȻƽƽǶ
Ѿˡ
ǸգDһ׼Ľʺˡ
DƵרʱʱӶ棬һȣDڻɿ쿴˰һۣΣ΢΢ѵ֧֧ᣬŤŤ󿪿ڵǣǰҸϵǳʶģǡǸ
˷ͷգ˲֪ιʣֱϤºյײŽҿ
ԭΪץһ¡
ץDҹϦ˶ְ࣬ڹɽڳǲ˷׷ղἰɽһԾԾԣƱҪܵȥʸһ
룬СͺеԾͶˡ
˷Ŷſڵģ
ӣһº󣬰ѻ֮Ȼֱͦˣ䵱ǰʼϸϸˡ
һڵĵDҧŴҷɣͰͣϸһĨĳ죬ѵһ״
뵱໽ţعǸֱ׳ûƤûȣֱȥԶ
Ȼԭһ²ذ˸ͷʱʶü
Ŷʿ꼸ΣΣļҸϵĹӣ
˵˱ͦ
DҧŴŲʿʮǸСꡣ
DߴĳŰָͷ˸
˵ţ֧֧ᣬɿ̧۳ŰһۣЩĸϵĹӣǡѰϡϸصģԭǡԭǴΨһүǰ˾ӣȥصظϿƲãˣչӿ̿ŬͷԷ֮ˣ˷껹˵ˣ˵һеģΪңҲҪʿȻȻԡ
Dߴ˵š
˵󣬶ҿˡ
˲䣬զզŰ˿ú߲ˡ
ðԳ档
㡭ɲǸƶĶԲԣ㲻ΪչǸűĶԲԣ
˵ּ꣬ǵD͵̧ͷС죬һеؿŰͰš
°Ƶġ
ƷҪõһ϶ɡ


57 
Ǹ, Ǹ
𰸣ʵЩϡ
û뵽զզ۾ԴϵĵDҪѡһȫӵĵD, ƺһ
ĿĽ, , ˰Ρ
ϵDһеĿ, 룬ǵǲƶ
, û˵, DеĲյСһ, һѽס˰, һظ, һüɫ裬ϲҾ֪, Ǹ˲ͬ, κ۹⡣
˵ţDֻһ, ҡұЩĳ, ԭ̫ˡ
D૵, ·𳹵һƵġ
˶, ԭҪһ䡰³ȻDģ, һʱס, ҲDˡ΢С̬Ծˡ
û뵽, , ˡ֡ˡ
Ҫ֪Dݸ߹󣬸˱ֳӵһأлʮȨֵģνʵһȨƲС¶ɵѡ
ļĹˣݵλƽȻֻа֪ĸ߹󲻹̫ıӻ£ȴͬˮ°㣬һƣDȴǻʵӵأʵȨĻѪͳDʸŰ߹Ƶ
½ˣʲôݵûм뵤D䲻һ𳤴ȴҲʶ࣬ʶһ˽ġ
ʶһǸ硱Dκһӷ
Ȼ£Щ԰㣬ǡݽȥˣ
ͬʱҲ֪ڡݡ֮ˣͷǲóģΪʵ䷴˼ֻػʵȸ˵˵չӰգʶģ񡭡һˡ
ȤţʳһЩϸ֦ĩ
D΢΢һɬȴ˫۷ϲԭգ֮ҷʱڱɽʯͷСײˣһ̧ͷ㿴չӣֻݰףһ㣬һִٲĿңҾǸҵķβСײ˳չӾҲδֱ˳ѰΣǸˮģһ³ӱֱӻ˸Ľų죬ŮǹЦ󣬲ŷֳˮŲϥϣøƨƵģҴδϲģȣɺˣҼˮǸɵӾһֱˮãڽҵķθˣˡ
Dһ˵ţһ̲ס̧֣ŷ
ȻЩж
˳ȥֻDһöɫΣʵؿʽΪͨö
Dֵճұȥģճţ·ʱչֵĽֿһ·ǻһ޴룬Σȥʣŵ֪ԭչǰŪҵķΣǸ⣬ҹȥһ֧ҾƶɬֻһöͨΣȴģһֱҵţ·ǻתһϣһȾ˷纮ˣ˵ɵɵ
D΢΢Ȥ˵š
˵ɵԼȴһۡ
ٴ˳Ž˵D䣬һ˵һʶһڵDϿġ˻
Ҫ֪Dɴǰعġ
ȴͷһ⿴ĸԸĶ˸֮µġ
˵Ǻãǲá
Dλչӣȴһʱа档
ΪҲǼõģʵ챿Ϊᣬʲôҵģ˵ˡ
Dϲ˵š
˫ﲻðŹ⡣
ǰãΪ˲Ҵţ¼Ƶģ󷽷ܸʶͺô
Ȥš
ȴD֧֧ĸ˲ᱻôꡭȿȣᱻλ·ŮԻס㿴Ǹ綼ҪԵˣɵҲŻὫ˴ǰߣվһĸְδǳˣһ׼˩ýģƱز棡
Dһ߷߲ƽ˵š
̲סһЦø֪ߵģûˣһһˡ
D㶼˺üˣҵ
ûûܵĴ̸ˣŮڳҪŵǰǵˡ
һ¡
˵˵ţD֧֧ᣬҿ۾ƻЩ顣
˵ֻDЩݡ
ֻһʱҧŴ¶ɫ߳ܡ
ʲô
DһҧЩ߳ܣֱ˽սãǽһգͷ˵һ㣬ȱ֤㲻ҲЦҡ
D˵š
ϾЩ֮ûڡ
ȵͷ
D˫ವһգֻͷһʵʵչӳøǸЩ񣬰㡭㲻գ
DȻ˵š
DȻ㿪ڣһʱð˫΢ɡ
һ̣Dһ½˫һżæţֱ֤ҳϣһʼչӸǸЩŶȤģʶŷʵһҲǸߴͣݣ˽֮ţչӲһʵʵǸȻͬ
˵ţDֻһʱͺ·Щû᲻ᳰЦҶǸ簮ã˸ðƻǶҲЦҵģԲԣ
Dһյ˵š
ԭأ˺ðεİȻЩþûʱּDĶǸûԵ˼ˣôȥˣǰǳʱҾͽʵˣ˵ˣʱСǶǸäĿݣ͸عˣսҪ޸ǸģʵʵҶǸǳ֮飬ˣұضˣչӡչӾøǸЩѣ̸¼Ȼͬģ㡭Ҫҡ
DżæŵĽţ°Ƶġ
ŵDͷģһʱЦҴ֪عǸ˶ѣ
˵ţһD㡣
Dԣʱظ
ʱȥʱսŲãƱ˵˸ɽ֮ˣ˵񣬵գԶԶһۡ
Ǹչӿ
Щ棬δǰɽΪչӵģ
һʱϷֺʵ
Dһ̧ۣЦڴȤһ棬һǸкѣǵˣ㰲˵Ľ㣬ǵĹŮûвǸģعҼȻҲ´Ҵˡ
DЦ˵ţһ䣬̾һЩ˸ебǣ֪ģҸƫ̻䱻ԵֱתЩҸܵûϵƫ϶ǸģɣҪǮƵģһŮŮڸϥ£׺񣬲ͬܵܣױ͵˾ǣ䱿׾ȴҲ֪ҸܵʱգټҲûҸ֮ܵܵˣԿǸǰ˼ӵأҫ֮£Ȼĵܹ޸һǸǰ֮ˣܹԻҸܵȫϧ
D˵š
Щͳ
ˣ΢ᡣ
û뵽զզպΪΪԴĵD˽¾Ҳˡϸһ档
ҲǣǵDǺعǧǧŮеκһˣԸŸԵСΡ
û˵ʮȫʮġ
Ǽˣѡչӣѡѵһ·
һ䣬DһЦҪôѡԼģҪôѡԼϲģܵҪͼһͷһͷͼŻʲô˼˵Բԣ
D˵š
ΪԼҪķȰ⿪ȴϣŮԶԼеҪ͸
ʱ¶ͣ룬ֱԲ˵öԣܵͼһͷ
˵ţֻ˷ŵϷʺ̸ЦһɫĿŵDͬ˵ЩͬҷϲģǡҲҵһЩͽ飿
һţһ٣ֵǵֻǷһЩĻϲұʲôҲʣĵͬչ֮ĻȤ£ģôΪѣλչӣʵҲһ׮ССĽⲻҪ㣬Ǳǡǰ֮
Dһ㶣һʱҧҧʲôǰ֮
룬ֻǰ֮
Dһ
ġǰ֮
λչӣҲ˽⣬ļƷѧʵҶ޴кͱ⣬һ㣬ԤԣǱǣѡչӣѡľչһˣչӱһ壬Ҹĸףõӡ
˵ЦҶˡˣҸףңŮһˣһŵڵģǵϰߺͷףζ˼άӵϣҡǣŻŵһ˵ȫ޵
Ȼ˵λչӾͲȫ޿ȡ֮ˣλչǸƷ죬Ʒ̹֮ˣŵڲ䣬ҲȫȡҪ̽һأ
Ц˵š
D޶֮ˡ
һʱȻ˹ֻС죬·õ˽սƵģãֻ֣µسŰãǱһԣĽһԣҲҵDۣ
Dҧҧ˵ţһ߬˰֣Ҫҡ
һ㶣DҧҧȥܹɫһأҵDⱲӱ϶ܣһݣ

һĵDԼôҲǸз֮Щ˵ĹƺЩװա
ǣãֵʵɫͼ̽̽Ĳ߼ﻹһʺϵѡ
Dһ˭
ع
DٴΰǱһ̽

л˵
ɽͬô


58 
˸ι
ڰ˵, Ǹˡ
Ҫ֪òʵ˽࣬Ⱳӳ˸, Ҳ͸ɻĹɽЩ
ڹ
Ҳʱ, ڴ, ϷʰĳиµĹɽ࿪һ, Ҫ̷£
ٶģɾͲˡ
ο, ÿ, з֮, ܹȥһ, ǵҪȥ, ҲҪɽˮ㣬ǼȲ, ֵDﵽ°빦Ч, 񣬿ѵˡ
û뵽, Լͷ, ǸԼ˸ӡ
ת, 㵽뵤DԼõʵʩ֮ա
ʵ, ˵У˺αӵƤ, ƭӸĺϷ, ʮȤ, ٻ, ǰƭ˵ģЩƭЩŸ߹ȴδĽСӡ
ûпԣһ϶˵ģǸʲôչӵģƾʮĻӾɶ϶ȻǸʲôû
ⱲʶеĻ᲻࣬ʶеĻˣⱲʲôʲ˺УϷˣòСˣʵ˵ʵЩԾԾԣЩ˷ܿܵġ
һٰʮֱеϷ롣
ˬ
ιЩѡ
ǣͷһЩС˷ܣЩ˯ţΪڶ룬գӣ֮ϸ΢춯һ˲䣬Ͱ͸ˣѵһİͰˡ
ɽô磬ֻЩȣüͷһտк£Ҫ
ȻͬҪȥһ£ֻĲԼ䡣
һ䣬ɽӦ˴Ҵҵ˷ԡϴ£ֵ̾ñȵʱҪ֡
˵һģû裬ԡͰеľͻԡʱȼ㣬һģϴͷɽ书˰ʱĹѵϻ㰲ţȴ룬䶼ˣϴæ
Ůǽȫˣʮ׻ݻһ˳İڷľʩϣϣϣѡͷʮκչͷģ̵ģһööټıʯֱҪϹ˵ۡ
ɽʱײһɫ۵İһͷǧ˿ľʩǰһһѡ
̫أǰеģʱˡ
һš
գߵԣº׻ȹСչչʾڰǰ·Щ岻
һĻŮǶѣʵϡƽǣڹɽȴ˫һʱ΢΢
Ҫ֪ڹɽӡУǸڵģ˵ǸȾ£Ƚ֮ˣ⻰٣磬ÿź󣬹ϴԡҪæһʱ߱ʱҲϡ档
ɻ֮ǰλ߸ϵİδһղǻ˵ģµÿһͷ˿͸ݳޡϢ
Ȼǽ̫屧Եʣٹɽؾ⼸ɽϤ⴩ţڴϡ󶯸ɸ
ǰĴȥԶ
ŮΪüݡ
ǰˡ⡣
Եˡʦڡ
˵ͬһ档
֮ǰεᣬһΰϵһ磬һ磬¡ء
ֲʲôر
Ϥ߰ǰˡ
õô
ǵ궨Ƹ֮ʱҲˡӰա
³
ɽһʱۿţʱƿӣ̤˽ȥڵɫĿ߽ʣѡɫѩаա
ɽԶԽɫȹš
ǣɫڵġ
ֲǴ飬Ѱʱմ
һ䣬ת׷׳
ԣƳ˹ɽһۣΣü
ɫ
ðɡ
ڹɽδ֮ǰдĿܻѡɫѩнȹΪӽ԰ŮӣòʢĿò̫ˣѰӼ˲Σɫѹ·ߣѰˣһɱ
ʵڰĿУɫɫ
ϲϣϲϲɫɾľ
ڰɫϲɫĹӡ󲻺á
硭δ롣
һѵֲعѡ
ţϷ˸ָۣɫˡ
뽶¶һۡ
˿ֿ˿߹Ĵˡ
۹۱ǱǹĵһĬĬɫȹӣһ˸ϽɫĻȹȡߣľʩϡ
ѡѣûдɽּԹԵѡΣʮʮ鱦һһǰ
ϸָһ챦ʯϵʱһֻĴԽ֣һ֧ӵȡ˹͵ǰΪ򿴣֧ӼĿ
˶٣ֲһ䣺Ųʣ֧Ӹ䣬Ȳڣֲңԭԭԭòأ
ɽһ˵ţ˵꣬ģľŰͷϱ˱ȣ΢΢˵ͷԵĻ˵
Ƴ֧Ʋ죬Ρ
˶٣ֵ֪ʲôͺͺģͳıˡ
˵ţܷܷһȡӻһ֧ɫ觷Լ˱ȣһ֧ˡ
ɽһǸȰƻҪһ֧˿Ƕ̱ʯķΡ
ϵǱȵҪ
ɽͷʱ΢΢һ
ȹ解ɫκһϣɫϵȻͬ޹ҵģʴ󿪴ϣ̵ϣֻﵽ벻Чǵûагһֳ׵ľ
ο֧ƫŵ¾ɸУ㸴ŵɫƣɫĴ䣬ֻײһڲͬӾ
ѵ⡣
Ȼѡ꣬ɨ˹ɽеöòδϲһȹһ׵ģʣʱ鶼ˡ
һʱǹɽһۣŮҵĹ뷿ֲĳãˣܲܲˣ
˵ţ°һ̧ԸƵƣȥŰϣźŰա
˶٣ֵƳ۹ɽ΢һΪĪҪ֬۲źãʡղϽΪˣͷָùЩŮ˺ջˮˣ
š
֮ǣϽʧգǰң
˵գԹԵѡһԱʯ׹ѡһԺ
ɽѡξһһһһҫۣ㴩ȥĸȥ
һʱ΢΢ţһ˫ĵֱгһߡ
ֱŮǵź£ѣγμ÷ʱŷæòӰĹ˴վûмţڷϣĿһɨżٴĹһαͦӰͦһɽһԲĿƵĿ



59 
˵һ컪۵İˡĿġ
̤ױ̨һ˲, ವһ
ֻһ죬½һ·䣬һ·棬Ĺһ·, ̤ʱ, ˫ڸǰ, , ÿһӵԸǰһ·бű, һʢĵƵ, ʤա
Գɻ, Ḿ, ǧ˿ȫһ˿, ¶ĶͷĶ, , ౥ϰߵһĨ, ֻе·, ھ
Ȼ, ȴ߸ķɢ, ͷһбɷޣϴ˷ѡ֧̱ʯ˿ͷȫ, £, ںλ, úɫ˿񷢴ס, ˿īǧ˿һ·κ󣬺ɫ˿׹СȴһӣͷϷβһˮ״̱ʯϸ΢ڶ£ķϺ췢Ҳ֮Ӷֻеģׯұ
ɽһȥʱ֮һ١
һֽŮٸ֮ģŮ˼ζٸȴַ˼˿档
ɾУһ˿˿ޣһ˿١
Ůģ
Ȼɽİͬʱȴˡ
˵ɻ󣬱ڳɻǰδʢװװ磡
£˲֪βɽ䲻̰ɫɸеȴеġ
ڰɫ飬Ȼ֪ġ
ǵãһܴԼȥǺҹΣӰ˻Ǻһһ˸輧ظ裬Ǹ輧еĸ輧ӻò֮еİǲѷ١
ӶѣǵŲߣǵߡ
ɽΪǺ־ɫȻ輧¶ȹһ¶ʱɽЩ̲סЦԷ
֪ΪΣʱԺðĵһͷǣλ߸ϵİ˽ǰǵһᲢ۵ĻȻÿѪա
ܣǸʱǲ졣
ϵ̫Ŀҫۣůֺ㣬һʮׯ
ɻǰǻЩ̬ɻ˷ؾֻһʢŵĵԽĻͱĿ
Ȼȫȫ˵ĵȴڽշ·ʢøޣȴƲΪ
βйɽ
յҪͬһйô
ɽ˹ϣۣĿš
Ƿ޶˽ദû㡭δЩ϶Ȼǰ⻭ոջؾǻ϶꣬ĸõˡ
ɽ΢޵š
嶼Ҫһˡ
ǹɽһģҪһȻһ̣һ
Ŷҵɬһ˵æɲãﲻŸô
ɽ֡
ԽԽǸֵġ
ϾһҪȥˣǸʶˡ
ţһİڰתһתĿת䣬ԣ㱻˻һӯӯǳЦĿ⡣
ֻûԷֻ˹齣ȴڻʱͣһʱ˫ڸǰŹϵĹɽԸ˸ӣӯӯǳЦڵôˣһģ
˵䣬ģֱ̧ۣ¿ۣģؾأ
˵ţЦеͬΣɹֲǲ磬̫ʢװϯвףˡ
˵š
һ䣬ȴǹɽĴ΢΢һ顣
Ϊ⣬룬ôˣûţӿǶˣ̷ſɺã
˵䣬ǰߵ˹ɽǰЦг˸Ҫ롣
˵̧֣꣬ᳶ˳ɽӡ
Ȼ޹ǵ쵽ˡɽǰ
ɽ˿ЦеģѺõĲӵĴЦ
ᣬòӵǳԵ
ֿһߵᳶӵĶе͵ǰֻ֡
Լ
ɽ÷˼ͬʱⲻһɴ
ĪǣװءΪ׼ģ
ǽͷʵΪȡģ
ǣڴˣ
ûҪֺĶɰ
һʱտĪʱڴ֮ϡһĻͬһĪǣϲϡ
ɽ˼һʱƮԶˡ
ʱ˻ûȻСϵĸ첲һһ̧𣬵ȵɽʱԼֻѲܿưֻ޹ǵϣ
һ̣ûйͷֱ㽫һ
ɽɫһУ˼дûзӦ͸ҩƵģ͸ħƵģѾеֳٶ۰㣬һһ˹ȥ
ӯӯǳЦţһ·ǣŹɽ֣ȥš
̣ɽɫЩ㱣һһ۵ĸ
ֱߵǰ
ʱѰˣýµˡ

Ƶɽʵĺһơ
ɽЩһƬ̣λϡ
Ȼת۵Ŀ
ɽ¶һĨЦݡ
ɽ
󣬰ߵǰһ룬Ҩһ
һСᣬһ㰡
һ䣬Ϥĵ봽߽˴漴СĽ봵˵ĸ͵˹ɽǰ
ȴǹɽŴһĿĿ⡭ֺ͸һãС
ȷ˵̣ɽ۾ûգһ£ȫĿתֱضӣŰΪʢΪ
ֱЩٴγɵˡ
ʱ˼һС
һֳֻһ
εεĻһ𣬱ǹɽ΢΢һɫǵûаɿ죬Խıˣȴһ˲䣬˼һɽʶر֣е˹
룬ȴʱֱضĿɬתֽһ˲䣬ֻ֣ڹɽӹҪջһ˲䣬ϸ޹ǵָָϸɽ֡
Ȼ󣬹ɽ΢΢һ١
Ȼ󣬰ָӣɿ콫ת˹ȥ·𲻸ҿȻƬֺ̹Ӱ棬ɬĽת˹۷ɿ쿴ǹɽһۣͬʱַɿسŹɽգգۣ˸ֽۣٴνһ£ɬת˹ȥ
һ£΢΢һеѵһء
ˤ˸顣

оĬ˺һ
·𶼾ֹˡ
ֱͷŮ󣬷ɿ˽
ʱһֱ겻Ĺɽವһ£·ڴĳֹԵɵ˼лƵģ˿Ůǣ˿ԵͷҧĿֿ˿ŵˤ롣
ɽڻָֻɤӣŮǰ˰֣ڵȥɡ
ŮǽŽɵº
ɽڴӷŴ͵л
һʱ̧üģ˶
ţ˾͸˽Ƶģѹ֪˺¡
ȵ𷽲ŷ˼֣һɬԳֵİɽһʱüãȻȾ֮ɫֻһס԰ĸ첲ֳĳ߰գ
ߣ
ȥĶ
ԭͷһϲϲԼŽǹɽˣƣŶߵԵò֪ˡ
ڹⷽ滹Щġ
ʱĴˡ
ֱȻ֡
һ̧ۿɽһĲԡ
ʱֻǹɽֱضڵ¡ްա
˵ֵ꣬ЩΪѣȴһغߡҪֱͬΪ򿪿ڡعĨǡΪȫǡ˵ݱ顣
ĪľٶðһͷˮԣֱǹɽҪߣ
һ£Ժа׹һ
ȻӦ˹
һʱŵðһ£һѽקǯһ˦漴˹ƵģǹɽǰһӳԶ
£
ޣ
ⶼʲô
Ӧ󣬰һͳɫ
вգ
ͷ
òΪҪϴգ
ţ
пǰɣ
յģ˰գ
͸ѡ
࡭˸ۡ
뵽ȥˡ
ᡣ
߳ŭ
п಻
š
˾ʲô̫ˡ
D׮£
Ȼ¡
л˵
ɽߣŮˣҪ˵


60 
ڽǰͣ
D˴ҴҵĽƿ, ˳ŴſڵĹɽǸ磬һգò᲻ðգ
Dš
ֿ۰, վʢװϯ, òƷ, ɫһͬʱ, ֻ⡣
ϾǰԷĵ, DⱲӿϵ, ⱲӶܻͰ쵽ǰȥ, ΪӻʼѧԺǻ, ѧԺҹӸ, һ֣Уһ, ûвϸǰڵġ
֣Ľ, ˾֪
ǣǵû, Ҳ걻Ǹ㵹, ۷һԭ
, Dϵ, Ҫ棬۹ǸֻһƤҵĳ, ˶ǵȷǳ֮, DⱲԸˡ
Dš
Ȼ, ȴڽջΪС
ҪŰȥչ, ֹҪ
DһչӾܲסջ󣬱һѽˣޣֻóе̵ǸҰɽƵģչûߣҲᱻԼˣκŮ˶ԸԼ˸ǰŮӸȥġ
Dһʱֽǣ⣬̲סЩĽʺޣ
һʱ־ý֮ٻ᲻ڳ嶯ˣ
չӲǸ֮ˣôһ̽ϷŪ᲻ȥȻҲأ
Dš
ֻǵ֮ǰƽͻǣ
ԵDĴȤɽ治ɫĻš
DԣһһޡʱġŤͷĺعֱüŪۡ
ɽ˵꣬Ű
ȴžһ£֣ԼһȹڣһǣǰԹȥʱ̲סŤͷĹɽݺݵһۡ
ɽӣĳԸϳĵ㡣
˵ţһۡ
ǰ˸ɰ
ʱܳ漴üЦֹ˴˷ģСĶֵģȫ
ɽ˰֣Сصת򣬻ʻ˳ȥ
ɽ֣ԭأһֱĿԶȥ
𷽲ʱɵһۣһ·ġ͡Ǩŭ˷ڲֳһĻĻ־Ϸ룬ɽһʱ̲ס̧üġ
һ¡
û뵽ԭˡ
ðɣԭŲЩ֮Ȥǰ⼸ջƶˡ
֪ЩµĹ£µŶΣһζˡ
ͬĸ£ɽÿһնλµʶ˽⡣
ֻǣЩҪ˵ģ
ֵֹܾģ
ɽһʱššüʱǰȥиſһаա
˵ţɽ־ЩףƼƵģʱֻ治ɫĲһ䣺úñ
ֻЩȣȥٿ
ȴ⼸ǽòײҪȥѲôǵ˲Ᵽھ͵ԣƤӵ£ͷȱ֣С⵱ȱϯ
Сţ弸ȥɣţ͵أ
ɽû˵ֻɨһۣ񰵲ɱ
ӵˣˣСȥ
˵ţ븮ȥǣߵ·ϺʲôֻʵˣһȥЩ֮ҪСʱ
⻰һ䣬ˢˢֱӳŵգǣɿ췭˳ȥ
˵һֱ·תˣDŻһʱüŪ۵ĳŰƣǸ绹վڴſڳ߰Ͱˣߣ㹴˵ĵлͦƣżչ򣬱㽫ǸԵòˡ
DֻЩζ˵꣬Ŷĺعüع˵Բԣ
ع治ɫۣӰһ̣ûƹһۣDĴҲᣬƬ̣ŵṴˣѰ
Dһҭ̲סСֹ㵽ͷģ㲻ǲôզ˵أ
һ̧ۣȴ΢΢ЦſЦЦǱ±³
ЦţģްЦ⡣
Dӣһá
⣬ǰ˴̹ˣǰ˵Ǻ꾫˵ˣЩѺͺˡ
ߣ˭нÿҪϹˣǸõøɾƵģDһĨĽʺޡ˳
ǡǵ潫չӵĻˣô죿
յDѵЩţ˽ŵúˡ
ٲȻˣԼλæˡ
ӼҪˣλһ˳ҪӲˣոգлȻ˭ҲҪ˦ˣ˰ǸлȻڸйˡ
ԭлȻ䡱̫һ´˹˱¶ŭԡ̲ܽϡлŮ޵¡ͷлȻλɱΪƷνĴ󲮣ٶᵽʼˢƨȥˡ
£Ȧͷ÷злһȳΪǵЦǰ䰲øЩһҹ֮侹ͨͨʧˣת˰˴е޵һɾ֮ơ
Ӳġ
İDɿﲻ
ѹĵD˸£һʱĵĴյӣͰ͵𰡣ҡֲڷ㣬ǡڿأû湻˼Ϊҿóȥҵ꣬ҵDⱲӶǵõġ
DȰȰȵĽţ룬ԽԽ֣ʲôΪҿóȥ˵ú˵ͰϸƵġ
˵˵ţDͰͣԽԽڣȥˣһʱ̲סС죬㡭ʵǹ˵ģⲻǿع˵عԲӺͺ
Dһš
ȴǰ۹۱ǣǹģɫҪ
D߸̧°ͣȸӣּعۣԲģ·죬һʱСһȦһ죬̲סҧŶ˴һǣǣһԷ˵һƶԷһۣһģһģһô̽չӣҿǾͲǳģѹͲҵģѹͲҺãҵߣʲôѣǸɴҵˣǸɴ۰ͰͿұǸ˵Ʊ磬Ļһƭߵˣء
˵D󺰴š
źţŽţֻԽԽίԽԽţһʱֻС죬ýһһž
Ȼһ
ðͺعֱӡ
ôö˶˵ĻϽأ
عڷɿۡ
ҲڽǸ߹°ա
뿴ԱһһӵġD
ջĿ⡣
ãعɨ˶İһۣڿ˽Ŀڣ˵˵ļƻɡ
һ䣬صҵļƻǡ
ȰȰȣ˵Ƶģ˵һ·
һ·ӵĵDɫ˵Ƶļƻ֮ٲȻԼڵˣһʱ̲סЦû໺ôģһ׼ܽչӸһˣ
D໺š
̫ˣһʱһûסµıһһ䣬Ȼ͵˵棬һıݣȻĴӵDı¸ԽԽԽԽ󡭡
Ȼڵ˶ɵˡ
ȻڰͺعıЦУ߳ŭû˵ĵDʼŽҪ
ŤŤҪɢˡ
ĸԶһĻһʱɵ˶߹ֱӿô
һˣƼ̡
⡭ǡ
Ҫαİȫ
ҪҪھͷȥͨ
˵߹ˣٸݣ


61 
˵¥Ǿľ¥
һ¥, ¥¥̨ˣ¥¥ǿͷ
ڴ֮ǰ, õDڴ˾¥¥ǰ, ġ
ļƻ, ̽, ֮
ԭƻͬعǰһӵ¥, , DһŮڸ
ʱ, ¥˲, ¥, Ǳ˽¥峡¥, żż֮, ȴͷɴڵ, ʶ˽Ի㼫, ⿴, ֻܿ´µӰ, ݹ⾰ƵòС
ͬعһӺ󣬲ʱڵDŮ, ɴ, ʶֻϡ, һɫ, ϴ÷ףȴʮָɾ࣬ϱŸĹңͷ֪ͷ߸һ˿δδڣһɫǽеİࡣ
ʾ⽶ÿһǣƾòȴŮһֱǰͷסĴʶƵòС
Ůһ·쵽˸⣬漴ÿչӣ롪
ȴɿ쳯ͷһۣ漴ɴЩнֻ΢΢ͷĵD֧֧Ҿء
D죬Ҳ΢΢Сɣ
һ䣬ͷĿÿڣŮɢȥ
ģͺعɶһۡ
Ƭ̺󣬲ɲš
ֻʱDڸҽġһָ壬ɰҵּн档
Ľԣɿ쿴˵Dһۣܿ촹˫ĿֻСؽDָ򿪣ֻĿּ㹤룬Щͣȱ˿ԣĽ׵΢΢ЦŵּʮƯʤˣΨһвȱЩдֿϰָʹ»ǻʹԽӯ鶯
Ľһĵš
һ䣬ʲôϵĲȡ£Ȼ󣬽ͷĶһһȡŷǸװһľߺ鼮Ľ׽һ֧ëȡָ⣬ԽŶĵDʹ
Dɿ쿴һۣ漴˳ԡ
Ľ΢΢ǳЦŽëʵݸ˵D
DëʣȻ£
Ľ׵תȻЩĪҪ̫Ӳ
ǼDӲĽʶرֽ̧룬һּ̽䣬ഥ˲ƵģĽವһ·ɿջ֣漴Ȼһֻͣæ֧֧ССʧˡ
DҲ΢΢һ죬һʱëʣҧס˺촽ޡ޷
һʱ
żİͺعһۣ
Сͺʲô
Ҫ̽ôһת۱㽫¸Ժȥˣֻȥˡ
תתۣĵ룬˲ðǵȻǸֶεģ±㽫DСӸò֪ˡ
Īкתɣ
϶ǸĻ˵õģҲȵDˣֻع˸ɫ
ʱع΢΢һеĲյһڣڵǰ˵ӣ򸸻Ҫãǵøʴŭĸ˵ЩԽ޼ɵˣƽĹ򸸻ҪǮƣĸ˵󣬸ʱҪʼˣߣDǸСҲøŵùˣȲҪƵDСӵ̶˼̤ģˣ
˵ع°˵š
عŰ裬һĶ˦Ķüٰ磬Щɫݰˡ
ģⷬش˸ż䡣
İʵŶ߹ʱҪϷŪDСѾͷ
عۣС˲Ŷײôģһ׼һٱΣȻٽСӷȥ̷˾ΪȫµЦҵҪպЩҪͽҲմһĻ
ع˵š
ǹ˵ġ
ڵصDԣ˲ֻۣһ´ϯϳ߳ŭıҪȥعš
ʱĽ׼״Dһ漴æŵDҾĪ
˵ţ̧۳Ÿһۣ͸´µط϶ɴϡɼżŮӣŮӵԳǹа䣬ʱʱἰͷ߹Ͱ
Ľ׼DСɷˣæתעĪҪˣִֻ׷Ѵ࣬ͽԼľκ顣
˵ţĽ룬СŹʱ¥мӼζʮζСȥӼζɺã
Ľһ΢΢ǳЦȰ˵š
浤Dţɢ˰ȴȻĹģãҧĽ׵㶼ˣҸҽ˵Ҽҽûʲô³һոᱻ´Ҳգ㡭㲻ԶԶģǣ㡣
DԲԣ˵š
Ľ׿˵Dһۣ΢΢Цŵү˹޹ɱοү˽ֳ֮ѱ棬Ը֮С䲻ԳãȴҲ֪ƾүǻۣǵЩìܣҲǻ۵ӭж⻯ìܵģʵصǡ
Ľ渵ϸĵİŵDºͣ˵DиҧŴɵĿ桭ģ
Ľ׳ص˵ͷһᶨЩ˼ؿڵ㡭һգССϼһмĶоӵĹдլӣǲ٣Ҳܵǿɿգһ˶һ죬ǡǲġ
Ľ׺֧֧ᣬЩڵ˵š
ԭԹ¿̸ˣ̸⣬ֻһң˵һĻˡ
Dԣ΢΢һ̣ʱ˶׿һֻۣЩ㡭㻹ȥӼ
һ䣬Ľһ㶣û뵽Dת죬Ҳû뵽á塱̲ס̧ۣŵD
DĿ⾼Ŀⲻ㲻ܣֱض·һƬǳ
ĽױֱȵĿ⿴΢΢һȣһƬͰͣɿãããңӼ¥²ԶССȥȥ
˵ţDɿתƿᣴҴҶȥ̫Щס˫ţҴææ䣬סһ棬һʱõD̲ס͡һЦ˳
Ľֻ䶼ˣֻæŮҾЦһǱȥ
ûãDԼպƽֱһƿ˸ڵɴɿ̤˽ȥҧŴָźعع㷽ʲô
Dû뵽ȻģСˣ
Dˡ
ֺܻ֮࣬ܿ콫һˣֻһȲʵΣΣֵΣͨô
Dһֽš
ͬعһۡ
ع룬Ʒла֮ŵ֪ҵȾڴ˴Ҳûҿʽ֮ģҷ¶ˣз̣Է֪ȰܻҲδ˼ŭ֪ΣգҲȱܣ֪㻤㣬Ҿáɡ
عֱ˵ķļ⡣
Dԣ϶ʱһϲһֻ̣߬Сſּأ
DһϲʤŮʤߣɹЦˡ
ʵ֮ǰDλչϷĸĺƣƶˣһͷƤǣȻŸһ磬δˣƷУˡøС
ţƺǡˡ
һô½ۣٵһۣЩֺɫʲôģģûӹ˫ۣڻʼԺʱûٱһЩӬ˵ΧǰҷҽС
ǣֱصĵ˵ͷ˻֪ӦǸˡ
⻰һ䣬D˵ÿҪһʱŰ֣һڹһ£ܹһأұ϶ˡ
D˵˵ţ˵֧֧꣬ᣬһǵֻԹһ£ʹȫ
˵ţʱͷŮչӵ¥ˡ
һ䣬Dһ֣صؿ˰һۣ漴һصԼϡ
ԣҲ΢΢һ漴ŵĴϵɴȻ󻺻һһȥ
ʱĽӼƼ¥ϵ¥ʱߣֻһʱ죬С¥¥ӭżײ
ɴԿƮзһֻƵģԿƮ䡣
ɴƮ䣬¶ɴһžΪ˵
Ľһ̧ۣĿһžգƬ̵ľ޻㱡
һ̧Ŀľһ΢Ϥġݡ
һ㶡
һʱ¥¥ڣĿԣ˷Ӧ
¥Ҫ̽ǰһĻٲȻҪɵˡ
ţǷʲô
ᣬİڴ˴
ǺһĶӡ
Ƽˣ֪˫ͷס
ֵôֵֹģˣٿ
ֵһصģ¥¾ķֳ¥Ů磬ŻŮ˸
ž;ùŹŹֹ֡
ֱֱ£ȫˡ
û룬û룬˽ˡ
ֻ׺䶥
ֵһ꣬Ҳ޲֣顭米
ôһñ
߲ѣ޲óȥѰţȴֺи٣ǲݾߵ˼̣һ߷߲ƽת¥Ҫȥͨ籨š
յ¥ſڣĴĿݼһ·ֻһԸ¥Χ
һ䣬ʮ˵ĶɢȥŽ¥Χ˸ˮйͨ
ɽҲ
״ʱһĵƣǼ׽ˡ
㱼䣬ɽ󲽿˾¥ſڵɽۣɨһۣڴˣ
ֵڴˣ
һ㶣Ϊ
һȻ֮ʣȴɽһ䣺ÿ
һ䣬ɽӣ˾¥
ĿǼһ¥ƹ񣬼бͣĿһ·¥ҪסȴͰͣζ˿ڡ
˵ЩʲôܲܵڳһҪȥ¥ϸĻᣡ
Ҫȥ˸ñӣ
˵ɽŽ˼ȥѶ¥
ʣֱ¥
ȴ룬ڶ¥ͨ¥¥Ϸһɫɴ
̨ϡ
ɴЩ졣
ûǴĻϣҲһɫɴ
պÿվڸ¥
ɽɴ͵Ǽһᣬǿϵζ
˭Ϥ
ĪǣΣգ
ͷһ𣬵ɽ˲࣬һֽеɴһֽ彣˳һһ¥̤ȥ


62 
˵, ѴӵDǰ֪ˣDǸչͬɽЩƣ˵һ˲䣬Ȼðԡˡ
һſԼɷ, һʲôĸо
ǵ, ֻǰ״, ˹˹, ʮŵ࣬ʵɽȫȫȫͬ, ϾЩơ
ɽн, ÿݷ, ü, ڿĿò, ɫޣŭĿ, Ȼ͸һ˿Ц, ־ţ˹Ĺ, Ǹʮ֮ˡ
ǰλչȻͬ, ǰС, ϸ, ƫ磬ü, , , ʵɽͬ, ȻյһǾͬɽЩơ
ԼĪķֹա
ɽӢɽȴһȫͬǫѷȹɽΪºͺһû˿Եʣһ۱øС
ԷĵһۣΪDŹɽ˸ðƻһۿȥȴַȻͬ
һ˹İ׾Ĺɽһʱ΢Щˡ
ĽҲѴӷŵľ޻лϾ˽ӾµҲпԭ
ȻĽһľ޾ͣԵ˼
ӦԼײ˺󣬷ɿ쿴˰һۣ漴ҴջߣһǸĳŰҾССͻˡ
Ľһִٲ
ԼλɴײˣѰһۣҪȥңʱİҲ֮˶Լϻŵһʱ̧ۿ˶Ĺɽһۣһһʱ̧֣Լ̫Ѩ˵֣漴ϸ΢΢һУ촽ﲻһ˻
ӱ֮¡
Ľ׼ҡҡ׹Ҫ㵹ǰްգ
һŵǡ
ȴ־ͻס
УֳһĨǵĿ⣬ббɨ˶ǰһۣǣһڹɽǰһˣֻﲨ΢鶯ü΢תǧؼ䣬ﲨһͣҪü˰߹ͷ겻ǡ
Ȼ֪ǰעȫҪϣΣû⵽ˮһа˸ա
ü΢
ӣغľ
ɽˣɽ˭Ǿǵһ湫ӣһ˿κŮٽ㲻ʳ˼̻֮ˣ˶תŮ֮ˣһ㽫׾ٸ㶨ˣţһ
Է̬Ⱥͱ΢ðܴ졣
ߣȻǸ׾ֶ˵õġ
ţһʱ̫Ѩʼ룬װҡұײЩΣӡӿɷȥͷЪϢƬ̣
Ŀ˵š
ѹųεεģǣǣͷ˰أǹɽˡ
һ˵ţһ̧޹ǵ֣쵽Ľ׸ǰ
Ľ׿ǰҡҡλΣ׵û۵֣һӻֽţգλʱҪգĽſڣһʱʶر㳯Զæһۡ
ԥֻĽҾһִٵԵƬ̣СС㻽˹
˵䣬Ľ׶ðתҪͷż䷽ȥ룬ȴʱֻǰǵεӰǰһΡ
Ľһѹ룬ڷʶ̧ȥ
ӵֱ˳ƴĽ׵ϣĽ׷ҵλòɵĹ
һͷһ̧ۼ䡣
Ŀԡ
ӡ
ǰĿճյĿĽףῪţȻͨ죬¶һĨɬǳЦ
ֻˮۣĶˣ̧ǳЦ䣬ˣһ˫ˮһ·Уױ㽫˵ĻǸ˽ȥ
֮Ȼ֮ȴǸģǿװģ
һ䣬ҪĽ׷򻺻ȥ
ͻһٶĽƬ̺󣬴ֻŵɫ䣬ʶرҪܡ
⸱֣ܲģһʱ΢¶οĵǵϹ֮ˡ
ǻԵˣ˵ˣ֮ײһۣȾϼˡ
룬ǰƹɽӣǸ˾ӡ
ţ̼䣬˼λԿ̼䳷˻һʱ촽ɫչȻһЦ˵һ䣺ӡã
һ䣬ҪþգҪƬϵָջأֹ֮ͣⷬʱ룬ǡþʱ
ʲô
һԶ
¥¥ȫD峡ˣ¥Ψ⼸ˣôˣ
Ҳ֪ǲǰĴôţͻð죿
ĪԼ˲飬ó˻þ
Ȼֵ͸ż֡ðͬĽ׶һ
ӦֻʶرѰŷ֮ȥ
¥̤һߴ͵ӰֳһɫĮ˫Ŀ䣬һһ¶̤
˸΢¥е¥˼֡
ȻΪ׺ľĿֻһǧ꺮˪˫ĿеҪ֣һŭĽס¥ܡӵĶˣŭĿɲŭĿա
һ㶡
Ǹɲú졣
ɽһޡ
ǰչӻҪɽأ
š
ֱһ̣һ£Ǹɲ̤¥Ȼһ¾еǱֱӼλһɽƵչӵļϡ
һ£֪ķӦ˹
գ
ĸɽɲգ⡭ǹɽ˰
ǰʶɽôˣô꣬ͬôˣȴδŭģʶһʱЩûǰŭĹɽͬǸǨĹɽϵһ
ֱӦ󣬰Ȼļ΢ô
ָͷĽ׵ˡ
Ӧ󣬰ҵһ¸æջԼ֡֡
ƬҲŴء
ðŰɭɭĹķޱȵĽչӼϣʱչӲԣ˫ȷ
ɽһýĽףһ죬ӿ˰һһظʵʲô
ʱɽ󣬻ðһֳִ󵶵Ĺٱ
̣ʵˡ
ɽòҪΰգ
⡭治ڰգ
Ŀɿڴš
ȴǿţһĨǳЦֻЦлص˵˵ҷŽλӴϳ˷ڻϲĸкɻᡭţ
š
һ䣬ǹɽһĿеһһٶһʱŵðСɷף˫ۣҺ£СС£ݣ
ɽ


63 
¥Χˮйͨ, ֻҲɳȥ
һ¥¥ٱڴ󶯸ɸѲ
¥¥ڱִ󵶵ıδסͷż, ŮֿѺ, عеD˱ͬһ, Կء
ǵĸ, չĽٱοţ׼̤벽, ٱбŴ, ȥ, ĽҲйһˡ
¥, ٱ, ϳ¥ϵĿһŵôҳһ
֪˶, ŵ¥, ǵյǰˡ
ݾߣմˡ
ӻðա
, ɽϵ޵Ĵ
, ¥, ¥ʱ, ͷǸſѺչӵ֣նӡ˿һ, ͷ, ˱㽫γĴջ, һ, 뵶УȻȥ
ſڣִ󵶵δҲܿŶ¥
һۼ䣬¥һƽ
֪ԭǹɽղŭ׽顱ģõˡ
Dɢȥ󣬶ݺݵصһۣһƿɴҪŸڵĽײ鿴ȥ
ȴϣȴһԸˣûԸ˲̤ż䣬ȥ
һ˵š
Dԣܻ㾹ңҡǵDǰ߹ˣǸ硭ǲһƾʲôǣ
DҪȥߴ
ȴȻΪֻˡ
DÿҪˡ
ִڣʱɽ֣¥̤
ǰɽ¥¥ԼӵܻסڰΪҪӽڡ֮ʣɽȴѹǶˣֱ˽һ˸Ѻ
°Ҫˡ
ڰ칫Уֻǹɽһһۣɫͬ㣬Ī⣬ԶԶĳż䷽λɨһۡ
D׾£һʱݺݵԶԶǹɽһۣ漴ת˻ȥ˰࣬ͷֻΪź£ЩǸŰĸ첲οһ⣬㡭Ī£ˡ
һƱػļơ
Ƭ̹ǹɽżſڡ
̧֣ɴ΢΢һ̡
ż۹۱Ǳǹģöޱȡ
ǵڻʼԺǻλӵÿƵġ
ǰͷĿ˫ֶ˶ĸ˫ϣһһ½еӡ
Ƭ̵ļž
޶ѹ֡
ڣѵĵDܲסƵգãֻ̲סһڵ̧ۣȴڴɽವһ²ӣֻǸ磬㡭ҪֱҺˣҵ⣬Űҵģ򲻿ˮ֮ˣҲںҹˣ̽˰ˡ
˵ţDʮֽĿ˰һۣ漴ֱչӡչҵˣǣﻹὫ
Ϊ氲ͺͽΧDϧġġ¶һ䣬ǹɽƲֻһҧϧѵ˵ˣױĽ㣬Ṵأ㡭ĪҪ
DŲֱӳôһžס
ž׾һԵİһ̧ۣһĿɿڴĵؿŵD
ȴDѹ޾尲ɱԲѵţʺعΪ£ġ
Dϲ˵ţ룬š
һ䣬һԵİȻһͣñҪȥµD졣
룬ʱһֱһԲĺعȴüҿ֤
ع˳죬΢˵š
һ˿عֶݺݵ˵DһۣĲĳѾһʱֻԼǻһ죬Ҳ˵ˡ
һʱԶԶһ̧ۣżſڷһۡ
ֻſǹɽɫض
ĿϬ֪DͺعЩСɺŪ˹ɽϾʷ˵İˡ
΢΢һ͡
DҪƴ氲Ҳš
ڣ֪˶ãɽˣȴǳ߹ع
ֵһ·
Dһ⻰ʱˣҡһظ
չӻû˵ϻˣȻȻĸչͨ̽D˿ûüȸԾ㱻ɽĹɲ״еĽࡣ
һ棬DΨְǹɽɡˮŮˣǷ޶Ϊᣬ϶DⱲǶġ
һ棬DĴ˷̽ͲΣȴҲһ˲䣬ޱȵչչǰ
ֻ뱻ٲĵƵġ
DһֱȥչӽͣȴϣǸϸţһʱûѰκλᡣ
ǹɽδҲ̫ܵЩ
DҪȴɽ˫һУֻ˵һ߹عظ
һɲ˾ܾļơ
һ䣬ĺعDһǺΪ֮񣬱ϵ̤ż䣬¥
DǰŤͷ˿ҧŸż䷽һۣգֻ΢΢һ壬쳯źع·߳˳ȥ
ع͵D뿪
ڣżĽ׻˳
ɽתȥ׷״ӶԷпһĨ֮ɫʱĽ׳ŹɽҾ
ĽɫЩ԰ף֪ǱŹɽǱܵϸŵģǡΪDⷬε̽
ɽջߣûѰĽ׵鷳ֻ۳żֹԾǵٻӰϵƳһۣãֻҪá
Դż֡
˵ţĴһϡ
һ䣬ɽԹԵתֱӳ¥ȥ
״һʱ̧ۣԶԶĳǵͦıӰϿһۣһʱҧҧ漴ѵøСϱƵģԹԸȥ
ʱĽǶĽ׵Ӽ¡ӿ첽ȥ
ϣɽţȫ̲Բһδ΢΢Ϸ·һ㱡ĺ˪ûж飬𣬿ɼҧصġ
ֻ֪׮ӲûаõԵʣǡΪץһ¡
ϣǰߡ
Ȼߵԭ
Сһ࣬ѵЩѰ޲ߡ
¹أʵٸɳЩ֮µģżУҲ̫ţкη
㲻¶
ʶô󣬻δκ˵͹ͷ
Ʃ磬عˣǶ꣬СȴҲʼ
ϰ˺
Ʃ磬Dֵ꣬öףյDϣDֻҪԷôһ£Ҳͺ
Ʃ磬عֻҪһڣҲͺá
ǣûһΣ
ϴʾ
֪ǲǳϮڳĹ°
ǡ޹ʵΨһһɡ
ƣֻҪһοڣ˺Ҫҡβĵ·ߵˡ
Ըˡ
³Ծ˿ͷ
ȻƳһԲĹɽ
ǰһĻЩϤЩǵڰżǴΣմӰ뿪Ҳƺѹ֡
ڣǻع̬֮أ
һЩġ
ǻأɽûһʱͣŮԭ
أǵһʱ˵ġ
ңһ֤ڳģ˶ԸΪ֤
ȻǽˣԷȻ
ѵЩϰ¡
ȷʵŵоôһ˻
ûϵôùײ˸š
һʱЩ㬵ء
׽飬ǵһ ǱԼɷ
˲䣬ֻԼưһˡ
ţƳһԲһۣһʱҧҧʱֻѵĽֻյ˹յﵹ˲裬漴ŶԷ㬻Բ衣
룬ǹɽü۶̧һ¡
ֿ˶ԷһۣĿڵˡ
˶٣Ŀڵǡ磿
һ䣬£ֻǹɽֱӽƲһߣβˡ
ʱһݣҪǺð


64 
ʾ, δߵˡ
ֻԼ⵽ˡ
֪ӰգΪιɽˡС󣬱һ·, һˡ
ԭ, , ¿治˸ɵġ
, Էʼհһ
Ҳ˲˵ĳ嶯ˡ
ߣбһӱҺˣ
ĬĬ²۵
˵ﾲĵ, س̵·մӰؿ·һѰ, һ·ֻõ֨֨
һֱص˽, ûͣȵ, ͷһ˺ѷε
, Ҫͬ
ֻԼȥ, 㶼ҸĶȥ, ˵õĺýأ˵õĽأD߹һԺ, , 㼸˼, ҽ¾ôòô, ͲͬЩʲôһȥôߣбⱲ㶼, Ϊϡô
һ, аһ, һʱÿһ, ͷһֻۣССͷð̵ĹѰ鷳ˡ
˻
Сˡ
ƣһģĶЩʲô¶
СĺĺһһһһԺ֡ƿǿؽʹ˺üɫ
ȴǽȫûнյ˵˹յ˳ǰŰµʲôͷڹ꣡
ңΪʲôһĸƵķңԼһ͵͵ˣĶȥˣȥƾʲôҡ
Ҫ˵ȻߣⱲӶˡ
¸ֻзƵģ޲ûĴǯֱӽӳͷһѼг
Ǽƣưˡ
ֺƣȥͷ͵Ƶġ
͵ˣ
뵽־Щ¡
ʹɫʹ۾Ҫˣգ׷ˣӣһʱСĳ֮һۡ
ȴǹɽȻһԲÿֱ
󣬵ҲԶÿʱǹɽ۶Ŀ⣬ӷ˵Ŀ⻹Ҫ伸֣һڰʱַһѡ
ðǸ磬û뵽㾹ȻҲȥˣǷʵ̫ˣǾңǲȥ滨ֳȥˣɶ񣬾ңҸû꣡
˵ԭͷð̵Ľ¿ɽһˣ˲䣬ÿҪʧȥˡ
ֻԼǶ˸ˡ
һ߳Ŵɤţһߴ˹յɽͰζǲȥˡ
룬һ߹ȥɽֳŽһ֣Ȼ󣬾͸СƵģһѽµĴƿˣȻ󣬰֣һԲȥ
±ɽƵЩ£֮ʣһѣ֣ǰǸıӰָָȻֳŽ˸ĨӵĶһָԼĺ촽ϣŽ˸Ķ
±һϵƻۣһº󣬲һ˿ǰǱָȥıӰź֪ķӦյǸЩͬɫڵˣ
˲ôߵʱʶǸˣʶʮˣδ۳˵ʱ򣬴ǰĹŭĮԭһֻӥһöط˼֣ѵ֪ӡ
ֱһԲ˪ģź֪Ĵ˸
һʱ˲ַֻӣСͬҧŶ㡭ǵˣ
һݵĵ˵ͷ
漴һѽŽµĸ첲סƵĵһȥӣҺǸգ
˹͵͵ģģģǰǵĮıӰֱֱͣŤͷɨһۡ
񣬱ȵӻ˼֡
¼״˲ֱͦͦĴ˸£ŵһ̣Ϸɿ˵˾ټͣ
һ䣬˲ַԵĽȻֱӽŵĨ̼ͣʧӰ
һϵС貨΢Ƹˡ
˵õĽأ
˵õĺýأ
ðɣԭãһ顣
˽µĴֳ׹Ԯˡ
һǰһֱӻӣǹɽһ·Щĥĥ䣬һ·޻ԺŮǼλӵɫ죬һʱһҶԡ
һֱ̤ǹɽ֣ڴſڣӰǶȿȥֻӰҪߴ󼸷֣ͷſĺס
ҧŴеӣ˶ԷͦıӰһۣɲĿ²òͷĿһ׼ģܵסȻ¡
һʱ̧ҪһĨ𡱵ЦȴʱǰĹɽֱתһץס˰֣קĸ첲ߡ
Էͻľٶһ
ɿԷıͱһʱŭԡֱɽһ·ץͷϴ
ɽҧؾ˰һֻ֣һ漴ʵֻأ
һ£û뵽ʵصһ䣬
ǹɽ֣ؿھţǻŭȴѹǻ֮£ɼǵ汻ˣȴһ·ûϷ𣬸ûڷŵĸ¥˵ӡ
һ·صԷ̲ˣȴȻǿѹŭһڣȴǻ⡣
ɿ쿴һۣһʱҧŴʵʵľһֻ֣С⡭ֻ
һ䣬ԷקʮԾؽԼһֻ͵˹ɽǰȻ룬ջָͷֻһʳָһָԹԾţ͵ָ͡ͷ
˵ţֵûģָֻͷϣˣһӵţѹû
һ˵ţһ߷ɿͳӣȻžһ£һ˵ϣǲϲǡ
ؾԼָҧɺã
Ϊ˵ţ˵š
룬ȴǹɽЦһ
΢΢һ죬ҲԼʵ̫ˣһʱ㬵أ룬ֵҡûλչӣҾָͷѡ
˵ţָͷ˴ɽ䣬ʾһ飬㿴ѣЩܣʵѹûš
˵ţִ˴Ŀֲ¥ŮӣḡˣḡĸҲḡһͷȥϸ룬Ҳǣ
˵ţּæҲŵDʵ̫ˣ֪ģ׵ûУֻһܵܣױ㱻͵Ϊʣ㲻֪жңС㱻Ĳţñʮ㣬ˣ֪ͷϵͷΪôԭʱ˶С󱻾Ȼ˹׿ӣʶһֱСͷҲϡ裬Ϊȴǰʮˣ»û䣬òˣȴǸؿҲ̽̽ĵǲ˰ˡ
˵ţְͰͿǹɽһۣǻκһӣҶ۶һۣǡǾչЩžУͬЩƵŶ仰ĻᣬŶ̽¶ѡ
˵գԼָͷһı֤ҷģûжֲϲڻʼѧԺǻҸǰʾãҴôңϲЩģοչмֹ࣬ȻұʵûͬᲢۣȷʵ˴ͷˣһûзÿûзݣΰӢ䣬ûзӻ֮˵Ƶôðչվһ𣬷ҲðŮ·ҲΨоǵһ湫Ӳſϰ˵Բԣ
ƨʾźá
һʱûס깬ЩЩһһ˳Խ˵Խ˷ܡ
һ䣬þգʾȻ˵ˣָͷĻǿԽǸһ˵ģұ֤Ҷҧأһԣηñǡ
һ˵š
˵Щ̧ۿǹɽһֻۣǹɽҧأսһ漴ವһֻۣЩ̣ŭЦؿãֻ³һһ޺ƵģһѾסָͷֱȻһˮýֱӰֻ֣һһĴţ͸ƵģһֱŰֻֻ֣ȫ˸ɸɾκζһ޵ָͷ
һ䣬ӵеĽӣһһ·˹ǰţվţӸµãûôױŪȥ


65 
, ȴվţ
վ
û̵һѽġķСˣһҪ׷׵ؼƣ
˵һ·קǰİӦһʱ㶡
ʲôҷվ
ڻʼԺǻ, վ
ǸʱӡӺع˳ٵ, ñϴɫⷣվ, һһڿ, ӹùԹ, , ɽƾʲôվ
ŶڹϵĹɽ, ٲȻտλķ塣
ʱظ
, Ŷά, ѾСĽͽٽˣֻûԼ͵, ֻû, 룬ǰˡ
ĸ
ô, ͺǲǣ
Ǳ㲻ͺ£
һʱ, һֻҧҧ, һ޺޵̧°, ۿǰڹϵǹˣһһ㾿ôѲҪͬҺ벻ɣ
˵š
һʱ, ˳, Ǳɣ
һ˵, һ߸߸̧°, ֮ˣȴϣ⻰һֻڵһ
һʱЩڲԣ˵ҲԼ嶯ˣЩڣѳڣνˮգȴζղˡ
ǣ˵⻰ܿ콫Ʋһߡ
΢Щ飬ҿԷ
ֻһһƬС
ھĵġ
Էһδ
ֻһɱĺӡ
һʱס˫֣ãֻ̲סŤͷŶ͵͵һۣ룬һۿȥֻһ
üһֻǹɽһ꺮˫ĿĿһ˶Ƶģһ˰ϣּļ𣬶ϣ˳ؿھţ˷·ŭ˼㡣
ڳǰǳ׺󣬰ûмɫĹɽ
ɻǰɽǾǵһ湫ӣߵĶǱ˹άţӶ£ţ¶ɵţδɽжŭʱ
ɻ˵ʵ룬ԼؾһֵĹ˾⣬ɽʵǾغǨ͵ģڴ֮Էһ⣬κ飬
ʶҲټԷ˦ӵʱ
ڸ¥ʵ֪˳ƾĸɷԼ˹Ҳ޶ԣ⣬ηѣһ̵ֱ˸̵ԷȴҲšվѡ
ȷŵ˦ӣϵĺŽ˾δ
һۣĿͻͻ£ʶҪʱʱɽ͵һקĸ첲קĸǰ䶢һһʵ˵һ飡
Ϊ󣬰ôһקֱ˵ˡ
קŰָһǯκϧ񣬰ֻԼҪһѸˡ
˵⻰ʱһԳֵĹɽݶڿŲ
ɼԷˡ
Ӳȣֱ˵˹ɽĻһֳļϣʶ΢΢ӣһʱĵû뵽ɽӣ̫ˣ޸壬Ӳܣ϶Ǹܲġ
Ҫ֪ǹǿԾ㱻͵ľˡ
ģ˵һ˹ĵģɹͷǻʵĸˣصЩʱ£۹η꣬첻ȥǰͷ䳡дһʱ
ϤЩǱδ󺺣Ǹ߰˳ߵĴӣͨͨĶ֡
һ֮£òա
ɲĶְ
ټڽϣԼǰǣܿʶʱګګĿڵǸҡҷʵưˣ˵ġ˵ǡͰգ
Сڸſڣ˵꣬СؿǹɽһۣǺĺͣ롣
ֵ˵ǣǺͺðա
һĨ㬵ЦݣСҲţСɽͺúòã
˵⻰ʱѵŴһֻ˹ɽļϣӶϣռҲҾֻѵЩֺáƵģյɽǰ˵š
ɽ˿̵ؿڻھţ첲ֺ޲üӴ޲ýĸ첲һˡ
ֻҧأ޲ýǰŮһһٲźá
ƽĶۣô
ǣɻһĽ£Լһ˶ȥΣ΢ҲӦġ
ǣʱŸոȾ컨ʱϵĽδ͸̥˲⻰ܾ֮ǰţڻʼԺǻͷĸ٣벻֪ѡ
ʶǳ컨ʱ˲ˣɹʵôֻиļС̫Ⱦˣȴıˣȴ룬Ӯİȴ⣬Ⱦ컨ھһһ
ǰӮ˱֮أӬģһȥΣ¼İ֮ڡ
ԹҲпԭ
ǣ⣬κϣļǴ
ɽӪģ޾˵ģȫЩϴ֣ԶΪһǰʱǷ£СţǳԷţȽӵݵĸǰ۾ɨΪŮӱǽȡ
ÿȥԷţ̫ѵϲԴǣ³Σÿعȥ֮ǰ⽻»ԾգΪ˼ҵ
Ļزվһͷһ䡱£Ϊÿÿɫá
˵ǰѹ֣Ψ
ɽ˶ʮ꣬ߵĶǱǰ˵֮ʱ˰֣ڽǵϣ̧ͷͦأӲػأҲԳ׺ǰ˵˵£´³ͻ鷲½Ϊȣ⣬ţڣ޲ý
ôˣðеŮ·ôӣ˰Ͱ͹ţôš
Ҳڴ֮ϣôݼ֣ȴҲֻǡԶѡ
ȴҲʱʱĶ˾ˣˣǺԥҪԼĸ첲͹ȥҧУüͷ֣СţҲΨдиĿ϶Ÿҧҧ޼ɵôء
ܶˣȻԹĿܽˡ
ո¥һ£ұ˹ðɣΪ˰С̽ģ̽ԣǵð֣ĸݴ£ǻ޲ҪνˣȴȻ棬̵ظطԷ
㲻Ϸ
ָʡһȴϣûüʡôţ
ˡ
һˣˡ룿
ô᲻ô
ô˵ô
۸۸ô
ɽô󣬻δԹıܹ
ˣȹӣϺݺݴһٲɣ


66 
Ȼ, һλ߸ϵİ˿ֳ̾ļͷѵˡ¡ſļͷϸСĴյǰҲŻ
ĻС
⸱۰ͰСģ, ѵЩ˳ˡ
֮ǰʢ, ̧ͷͦҪ̬ȥԶ
, ɽ֪λһϲ, 俴Ź°ûɻǰ, ˰, ʼѧԺ˸, ûκܹ, , κˣ·Զβɨ, Ƶġ
ɻǰ, ȢһˣҲڳɻ֮Ž֪, Ÿ߹, ǿͬǷѾͷ浽һ, ºҲ, Įһֻţպֱײ˶ﳤ, ûŮģ, ԭΪǰ, ҪòҪҪ, ȴϣ˺õܴͬһˣ¾ѿѰü鷳ˡ
ֹ֪£ߵЩŮǣһ֣ĹټСߵŮǰ㱰΢壬һͬѣټĺԺް
ʵϸϸҲǣ˸ҹ䣬µ߹عDõĸǸĹԹŮ֪Ŷׯ£ʵ֪ŶƤˡ
ƽƽ̹̹Сͷȴǲ֪˶ٻӵġ
ָıЩϷ룬רԸģ
ȻˣҲ֪ǲĹƻΣ۰Ͱ͵ĿûȫʾȻֻԴչ˵һӲķЩɶ˼ˡ
ɽЩޡ
֪Ǻױö˵ңǺԼĶ
ԣǵйİ̽ǵĻгһձУֻɾķˡ
ԣޡ
뵽קŰ첲ֵ΢΢Ƭ̣ȻһĿǰ޹Ⱥֻ˿̴յɽǰҧź촽纬ĿٵĿ峺ףģ⸡һƬͰ̧ۣˣͷ΢ϡ
ɽһʱۣŭ֪ΪΣĪɢ˴룬ȻȴȻҧҧȻڣȴһţ༰Ļ⣬ԣԭǴһʼͲ޸΢ģ
ɽһһ䶢Űš
Щ
ԣŶã˺ͷ
ţȻ˫ȴֱضƬس촽ϣһƬް
ѹԼġ͡ľıˣˣһ¡
ⶼĶĶ
ǡ͡ߡ롱׮¶ô
ôһӾ׮ȥˣ
ɽһĵѹģѹϸϸĥֻһֻ֣ɿУûаµּҼ޸㣬Ҿͼ˰Ҷûôˡ
ʵ˵ţ˶٣һģûзһ¶ûˡ
۰Ͱ͵˵š
ûҪⱾ˵ģ룬һ
ȻˣǸʱ˳컨Сò׾ȻˣϣϻһӡǣǸʱҪԼˣΪԼҪˡ
ԴݣǿѨ硣
ʶǸʱ̫ͰʹһСٰϧ㲻ܲ˵ĸָôһ¡
ʱҪݵİﻹйģ
˵𣬺Ҳûмܹʤǹǵģ
ʶδưӦ׮ͻ¡
ܣ֪ͷ̫ĺ񰮣űµο
ɽһ˫Ϭ˫˰΢ϣƺڱ˵ⷬ٣߸߾֣һĿֵһ·ţһҪ񶾵Ķļơ
˫ٺˮһͣƬ̣Σƺ˰֣ڣŰ첲ֻһɣȴȻ΢΢ţЦͣ͵̬Ⱥͳ
ɽƳһ۰˵š
ɽЩɶһ
첲ɣֻͷ˻Լ΢ķ۵ĸ첲
һּ̧ۣɽϣһһɢ䷺Ҳ·ЩȻȻˣ̬ûаļ󣬰һʱü㡭㻹Ҫ̬ȺͳⰡ
ţ˱΢СǽͣǾַˣֻûλˣҪ̬Ⱥͳ⣿
֪ź̫󣬶ûźλѾ
֪ȣû㹧ϡ
׻ҪΣ
ܲա
ָͷ˵
͸˶˵仰
㲻ô
͸Ƶġ
һʱЩ
ȴǹɽ̬ǳ⣬ǿԼԵ⡣ɽɫ˵ţ˶٣ֻһֱߣԼ롣
ԣ޲÷İ
ôã£ȻҪǲ龿ζˡ
Ŷˣ޷ǾǹչӱɽץˣǳˬȻƢһͣó͵ĳ̬ǲǣ
ðҪ⣿Ҫ̬ȣ
͸
ţһʱ̧ɨǰĹһۡ
ǷűôһקӶקǰһɫûü⣬žӶϲ˵˫ֿվ˫֮䣬ʵ˵Ķʮ޼䡣
Ǵûп˽ٴĻûܺ˵һƵľ룬ֻ֮ǰӳ
΢ϵķۣб޼ĽüͦıǣĴ
˸湫ӵһƺ
ֵİ˿̾Ҳ޷ǰ覴
ȷϵһ޿޵
ʵ£ʮ꣬ոմӱĵһʱˡ
Ǹʱ򣬹˼Сټ빬عڴİ׽͵͵ӢˬɷĲԶԶعУӡ̡
ʱһΣʮꡣ
ʮǵĲתתʮɽ
ߡ
°ʹѱ޵øɸɾϸ΢ĺӡһ˰˫ۣɼ
ʮȵ͸Ӳ
һΡɽ
һʱһ
һʱֻҧź촽׳ļϣһʱ̧֣°ͣȻһһ㣬˹ȥգӲĲ˸Ĵӡ
ʵڰУԭǸǳֺˬĶǴҪؤƵģࣣ
ǲ֪ΪΣеĶжʱ˸Ƶģʮֹ
ڣʮĶЩĸо
г˰գ
ڰջʱƬ̣һ˲䣬Ȼһȣ漴͵һ·Ӧֻ֧֧˵š
ʶأҪ
ȴ룬ʱ䱻һֻǯȻס
ϵӣһֽҵȻһ£µصǵ̵С
һ£Ӧ󣬺˽§סˡ
ʶֵ̧סƬӲš
ǰһ˹Ĺɽ˿̾۽һ΢΢ۣɫΣİɳֵͳĴһ˸ɾ֣


67 
Ȼһ졣
Ǵ, ʲô
ѾѾˡ
ôأ
ԸҪָͷɴ˵ˡ
ҧݺݵš
Ȼ, ˿, ѹá
ʱ, վǰ, ˫֮䣬, վ, ȴ, , Ҫ, ˵һϣʶһ̧, , ȻŴֱλεĸǰ
ֻǹɽ΢΢ۣĿ, ˫΢еӥ, ͷ׵, ʱ, ͷǻŨīһһȾ
֪ΪΣɫ, Ȼجҹ, , , ϡ
˫۳ţʶһͷ£һνɫֻ˫۷죬顢ͬˣⷭ
ֻǰ˫İ˫˫صһ
ͬ㣬˫Ŀ͸Ƶģڴ˫ķһ˲䣬һ£ɿջߡ
ȻȾһĨ쳱˫һһ򾱲ӡ

ƫʱĿðϵĺ쳱һһ糱ˮɢĹɽͫ˲ֻ޴һһ㳯֯
סϸֻǯȻٶһ
§һһ˵š
ɤˣٶһȣ˲ӣһʱҧҧΣֻһᣬɿϡĴϷɿһڡ
Ȼ󣬾͸Ƶģɿ콫һƲת˹Щɬ֧֧ܡ˰գ㡭ſҡ
ֱţ̬Ľ°һ̧ͷˣ㡭עС
ǰ
̫Խģй̣ǳ칬һһпǴ̫档
ɲԸͬ˻죬ͷ˳ȥ˸ͷⱲˡ
⼸⣬ɲԸЩֵֹͷˡ
Ŀǣǳ
ȴϣȴǹɽԽԽֻչһ޷ǡҿ
˶٣ֻ΢΢һֵΪűǡ
˵ţɽŨأ⵵ڼ䣬β΢һ٬ֱĶ޳ܵĲһ䣺
ŵ
ִ
Ƕţȴ͸ŹΣ·͸ŵա
һ㶡
һʱֻЩĿࡣ
ЩҪǰ⹷Ҫоˡ
˼һٶġ
²
ˣǹĳ̬˰ա
Σź֪ĥ˼ԭ˰ΣǷվʲôģҪֵЩô
ߣ͸ˣµ˶һУ
ҲѲˡ
һ˵뵱꣬κŮκˣû룬ŮȦλӣﾹǸ˲֪ġ
˵ȥ˭š
ʲôǵһӣʲôСǸƤĴɧǡ
ŲԸֻ׮£Ȼ˿̱׽סڻɣĶĶ֡

ҪãȴҲǲܹ
ʱǹɽƶ£漴΢΢ۣ΢Ƭ̣Ȼգ۹򣬱ּɫܿ糣ⷬɫãֻȻͷнŲԶʱٴУŵŹɽļϴ£ˣ㡭֡
ȻŸ䣬ǽŲܿڴ⼸ĵطͣסֺܿɽԶԶɢȥˡ
̣Ƭ̹򣬰ϰ¡
͸͸͵鱻˸ֳƵġ
뷽ڸ¥չӵġȻͬд߳ܺͻš
Ȼľ֮񣬶λȴڵģüһۣβ΢һ·˵Ϊ˵գ
ԭϰ֮ˣˡ
ʵغ㣬֪ϡ棬¶Ŀˣοˣͷһμɽǰչʾ͡ŪʶЩȲĿ
һʱŲԶȥ󣬼Ȼ§֣˫ĿĶΨҪӣֻҧҧһһתֻȵתŻ⣬ף㷽ŵĶ䶯ˣĶ侹ܶôƣٶһơ
һϡĶŹɽĶ䡣
Щš
䲻ĿĶ³һ£ȷϵЩȺġ
侹Լô
ıǲܡ
һ۰Ͱ͵ĿŹɽٳһ£Щܹźá
ϰһŵ׵ı飬ɽ΢΢һ飬ΣֻĿתĶ񹴹ˣ˻Щڡ
ȻѴ֮ʶͼ
ȴߴٵ㶯һ£һ£Ҫ
˵䣬һִļϣһ̧𣬺ָôĴָʳָǹɽĶ䣬£漴ֽץһ£ٶһ¡
룬ץһ˲䣬ĶһͬʱǰǸҲ΢΢һ£һ̣ϸ㱻һֺֻ׵һˡ
ŵĶ䶯ˣȴ֮ǰĲһ
Щһ
ΪԼ䣬ˡ
Ȼһ̧һɵĳ̽ȥǰ˫˫ʱ˲һ
ͬʱ˱仯
˲Ŀɿڴ
֪ŮȻͬüˣȻ֪Ǳ仯ʲô
˲䣬ȻһͣȻ৵һºһƬ
һ飬һʱգֻ߳ŭ㡭㡭ͽӡ
֧֧Σôһ䡣
˫ȣȥ
յģŴ㿪޲ֱڸӣͽԭˡ
ȴϣɽ㵥ֱȴѪ͡
ҧأߵյѪɽ֪ϲ棬˿ǣǲɰͬ
Ȼһʱ˿ȴڴʱ⹴ЦЦ̧°ͣʹתǿáô
ɽЦһ£˵š
ЦţȻٴһһQ˳
ڵЦ˲ٶһֻͣҧгݵͽӣͽӣͽӡ
ȭļϴš
ȴʱķȭģһʱ΢΢أ·ʹ࣬ɫȴɣĿȻڵ
⵵ڣٴ֣һʱͷҪըˣǾԣħϷˡ
Ҫú޲һҧ֮ʣȴǹɽŨأȴβŵЦ⣬Ŀⲻ۵ĽϣԵġ
ֻǡס
ǶԷᣬ΢ӹ棬
⵵ڣ˵ⷬ
΢΢һʶ̧ȥֻɽţɶȴðһſϸϸܵĵĺ顣
ֿ˫ֱĿڵͫŨī·ֻ
֪ΪΣļ΢΢һǱ˿Ŀڡ
ΣһʱҧŴã̧ӣٵĶǰһſϸϸĺȥ
ϸϸںʧһ̣¡


68 
Ȼֻǳǳ, ǳֹ
ǰ
ŮɬģοǸ߸ϵİ
ǽƬ־Ө촽΢Ǳı
ɽѬ㣬ۣ˳, , 䰮, ǼΪ, Щ񱣬һüΪ޵İ, ʶԹɽĿͽӴ̫ܺᡣ
䲻Ѭ, 밲ͬԵ, µ, ϲɱǳǳմȾ˼ֶϢ, һּů㣬Ų, Ȼ, һսȴڱǼ޵, ˶ۻ֮, һɶϢ
ЩϤ
ᡣ
෴, áЩš
ɽʱ, ӢˬӢĺ, , óԳ, Ц
˿, 顢ȴȻ˵һȴƫּ·Уֻû͸ŹӵԸС
˫ۣƬ̺󣬲֪ΪΣŷˣò֮ʣֹ֮ͣʱȴ룬ʱƬ΢΢
ԣһ£Щԣȥ
Ƭ̺¶Ļȴһ£ͺһƬ
㡭ôߣ㲻Ҫģ
šҪ
Ҫˣ֪ҪҪ󾹻ԽԽ࣬Ҫֹͣо֮ʱȴϣʱŻ΢΢ŵˣסˣȴȻΪ
ĴϣûĶֻǳǳصţ봽֮ײۣʣصĵģܹظܵԷÿһִߵÿһʵϢ
ȵıϢ֯һ
ʵ㼤ҵǣȴ֪ΪΣĶȻȷ
֣ϸϸǣҹļҾˡļº
øëһһ¹ķģֵġ
ֻöԷѵᡣ
ʶ̧֣ԾرĲ
ڰ׼ȥ֮ʣȴ룬ڴʱûκ죬ŰĴҧһڣʧĨƬеİȻһʶءһ
֮ʱʱǹɽΪϸȻûһ˿ĴݣϸΪ꣬ʼԱ¶
֮䣬ûаס
ʱʣصʣʱͬ꣬Եſӹÿһ緼ȻԵרĵĴݼ䡣

һٶһ
ͽӣ
󵨣
ء
ȴýģأȴ᲻صһҧ·ͷƵģ˲һʹд⳯ǻӿ
ţİǻİأҡ
һְԵߣ̰ľ۸
һͷ͵صҰޣҪһһڣ֮븹
ĺ裬ʱý٣еĿҪһˣ궼Ҫ˸Ƶġ
ԭСϲСɬ˲תǻ߷ߺ߳ŭ
Ȼٴ߷ߣܲ͸İΧӶǰҲ˿Ʋκ˻
ֻû˫ȽŲסˣֻͷĿѣ綼ڷתתԼ͹һըţۿſһһϡۿһһ谵ҪϢ赹һ̣ڣŽ
ſԼ
ȴһ̲࣬ûκ֧ţֱϣ˫ǳû˹ͷſſĴļϡ
أֱһ̣֪ʲôƨᣬԭ쾹ҹķݸˡܡ
죬ǡˡ
ؼǣ·Լˣûаʹ֪ˣȻţſſǶôҲղˡ
˲ͳɫ
˿ʶѵģȻ͸Ƶģʹ
֪ԼſſǶСƵģ΢΢ͷȴһʱղ
ðʮ꣬δйκʧľٶȻ˿̾
ֺޣ޲ܽǰ⹷ʬΣɱȥι
ȴ룬һɽǺεȵˡ
ֻΪ׵̫ңĺ촽ģõѪ촽ףϴɫĿ֬塢Ĵǣѹ˺ɫ֭ˮӡǲ䵽ǣ°ʹֳһҡݲе
䣬Ƿ۵ղȥƬĴ̽ͷ·ٻڹ
ɷǼ䣬ɽͬһͰ㣬ͷƤһըˡ
̲סٴδȥһĨۣ塢
ֱ⴦УͷЩֻ֪ವһ·ٵ˻ȥ
˿̣˶ͷŶͷǾҵĴϢš
һǣЩķ˰
˶ĹɽҲԵĶԭӪ١
һ΢΢Ϣţһָֻ߰һ˲䣬ֽǰĹ˺ꡣ
ɽͷڰĶͷϣԭȽü۽չˣԭҲƽ̹ˣüۼ͸һĨ㣬Ȼǣʮ֡⣬ȫ͸ŹԶ׼С
һʱָɫԭǻŭɢüͷһʼú˵ˣȴһȴǵʵտ֪ˣ
һİȻһ乷һ£̶ӦһҪˣȻֲŸո̧ϣȥ
ɽſſģֶ̧βȾ˰Ц⣬ֻĶͷǰǸСҰèʵȴֶ̧èûѵ֮£Ҫ޿ɺǣȻ̽ĵķʽһ֣ǧ򲻸ãѡԼյһ֣˻ˣӦԣһ
Ůбϲ⣬ġաǶԷƾͼƣû裬ֻǲϣй¶ȥԴ˰ܻ˰ﵽֵһؼëˣȻ¿˼ǲܣ˶
ȻֻԼϣӲ΢飬΢ƾãҪ̽һƷƷԣһַӣֻ֪һ˵ʮ˴΢׾ٱܻȡֺԶ󷱣Ѽ޸΢±΢£½Կ΢飬΢ãǿ޸Ϊкãʶ˿շĴԴΪպĪ³çԣ¼ǵΪ飡
˵󣬵˺ô󣬹ɽϸϰͣתͷʼ
һڰǰѵĴ
е˺ô˳ԸĨ󣬻Ҫ˵ô
Ѹ޴󣬱еͷʣˣʼѵˡ
ȻҪѵﻹҪϸšֺáԼռ˱ˣ۸
ֻԼ͸ˣˣλεİһƵģ˻ǮƵģһʱôϵƴӰӣȻʵ̫Сĺ󾱣͸ƵģգȻǳǼһҧ
ɽҧıӣ΢΢һһʱ΢΢һڽĶͷ̧һ°ֱͣضܻգЦЦ
һʱװģ˼Ƭ̣üͷһΪиΪˣպÿһصµһأΪ㽫֮¾ʹ˽ҹպڲᣬΣ
ɽЦһʹ˶ۡ
ռ˱˵ͷҪһեȡһĨʣֵ
һʱſſİ˲˫һ죬һʱòֻܲһ£ǰƶ˵ĹһѶݺݵ£Ҫһҧ
عܱȱ۸ǿ
ɽ
л˵



69 
˵º, ɽһݺġ˰УһݹغѧĽ׵ƽ£ϸֵϾŴϸִڴصķֲ, ϸֵԶڽļȦι˼ֻÿ, , װ˺һ, ֵ˰С
ǱĲӣþ, ﲻһ仰
ð, , ˵̽, , Ľױ˶Զ˽Լˡ
Ľ׻˽ʮ꣬һ֪ƬϾô, һ֪⼸ôĶĿ, ֪Ⱳһٱ飬һʶ, Ů˵, ĸƹ¡
Ľ׵ƽȫ˰, ޾ϸ
Ϊǹ˴֤ݡ
˲ĸһַܹ˿ٵ˽һ, յȥ
ðɣ浤D̽Ľ飬ݰ֪, յD͵͵, Ľ̹׸, ĽҲƢ½˵D, DĽعںãϣDջһİĽףĽջһս˽ĵD
ʲôҲûɣȴջ
ΨΨһˣǹɽռ˱ˣΪ¼Ψһһܺˡ
Ҳ˵ÿһصġ¡ǹɽҪĵΪÿһأҲ֪ǲΪ׵Եʣ·һͬʱ˵ʹƵģɽ˺ʮ飬һŰ˺ü
ǣɶĪļһԽǰϷ
һʱһˬ߰ա
νǸѪĴۡ
һʱڲ
ԳôԵҪӦDǰԿӵҪСԼȥô
DذǨŭûᡣ
ΨһЩǣգɽָΪһ·ĴŭԭĽףĽףȴϣͷβûⲿ֡
һ£λεĿ˿ڣˮɦŪˡŵԡûᷢʲô
һ֮£ͬҲûпܡ
ɴ˿ɼǹ˵мģ֪ʲô˵ڣʲô˵ڡ
û˫ġ׵㡱ϷQ϶ǼˣȴûλεǹҶָ˼ġҧйˡ
ðܾ˿ͷ˼ԣԼйռ˱ˣﵽһþգԲճ
ȴðһ˿
˵Щġ
ʱһε˰£ٽ
ڵĺһǹɽĶʮ
˫ɻӭĵһա
Ϧյ˹ɽ͸һСᣬǿʽǹɽ̵ֵģʶΪ񣬰ǹɽң˳㵱һá
廨룬ǿǿֻһšݣ͵͵ǹɽգʮָͷĸȴ˸Ťĳ
ϲΣϣޢһòĶΨȱ˼ġ
Լģңһ̧ͷǸһһ©ϵ޲ӣʱ̲סһ飬͡һûסЦ
ѽѹͲģǱˣֱˡ
¼Цֹʱ΢΢һ죬ֻеĲӳһӣŰ۱첹˰գ֪ģǶǿӡ
ˣȴǽβ΢΢һ΢ǡҡûСǡ
Ʋ죬ŰǸбһۣĵǸҲҵĺöɣֻøı·ߣ˶٣ָֻŰǸģһԾѽչ㾹ѾôˣҿӾͳˣٲˣֻҪģǸ綨Ȼϲò˵ģ
һҪǮƵĹάš
°Ҫͷҹøøһˡ
ŽٵòټٵĻһ飬ȴ˭˵ǸǸģ͸ĸģ
ȴŶ̫ԭϲŵģ̫ԭϲ̫ϲÿɸǸ繻ģ
µġ䳰ȷš
治ɫ̩Ȼĸϲ񣬻ϲˣˣҲɡ
˵ţһ£һ߼ϡ
ƲƲ죬˭أ
ҪҪķǣ
һʱհǸһǸһǰףƵУС˹˾ġ
»ΪСڳˣҪһӵģ룬ڶ˱ͺˣǰһշŴǸ磬ڶձвˣԽˡ
գ׷ʲô
¾͸СèƵģһʱòӣ뷽跨һ˺üգͷЩŮһƺ«Ƶģһʵˣƨ
ּտͰͷǸңô˳ܳųţԽ͡أ
һʱӺˣͷʱɺţǸյΪ˰տǷʲôУνǸõѽ˵˵£Ҳѧѧô˰
ҲҴˣŰץķǵҪʳȻ
һʱ΢
ô壿
ܸ߽ܲ£á족ա
һʱÿǽｫ֮ʣʱͷŮҴˣ
һ䣬ӦСͺӱһ··Ŀӣͷ󺰴кٳҪͬ˵
D˲һ£һԶһ˷ܵ˳ȥ
ΪһȥǱӳˣĪͷչӵĲ¼õDλչ˹˾ɣ
еСغˣӭʱ룬Dһоһ鼮Űһ̣쿴δ³һμǣ⼸ˣһīз˵չ򣬾Ǽȫϻˣνһ󡪡
D˵ţһ˵ţһԹԵĵ˱ˮһڹ๾˶
ò
δЩϲһЩʫ׺һЩ˼ĶӼϡ棬Щţ飬Դ˹ע࣬ϸ±һμǣīͼΪܺ
кϡģ
ʲôʱҲϲīˣĿȾôǼλչӵϲã
Ȥš
ȴϣDһص㣬صǡ
Dһѻ𼱻ǵķᣬ῿ͷλãһ߷߲ƽ̯ǰδⱾμ˴ƪȥϱ֮Ȥ£ЩȤǧ˱ϤĽӴϵĹȥ棬Ҷ˵˵ˡˡ
Dһʱ֧֧ᡣ
ۣ˺ˣ
Dһ壬ֻҧҧҽ˵ǡǸ磡


70 
Dһ, һԵĽŵĵɴ˫̧ۣ۳Űȥ
ȴɫһ
ôһ˲䣬ֻԺе˼ͣƬ̡
ڳɻ֮ǰĿ͹עŮҪԼ, һ㰲֪, ʵûп԰ںŪ, ԼźƤ, ƫƫǸעò͵е, ӱķ, , ÿķһһ, ö֮, ĴϲñֳֹΪŮȦķˡ
ֱɻ󲻾ã̫ӽ, ǰ¶, ֮ķˣķͷŽȥ
ȡּ֮Ҷ, ƾ鿪ʼ¶ǰ
ǰδ붯, ʱһֱȥײŻ, , Ƕ˾֪
DĻ󣬰Ƭ̵Ļ㱡
ϲδ롣
δƫƫǲŮɫĹɽڻǰΪйŮ, ֮䴫Ķ, һѩǿ֮, ɽ֮ȴһֱδȢ, ڵСﳤ֮ģڻʼԺǻŮӶﴫĶ࣬Ϊˣع͵DһּòСŮ޵ҧгݡ
ҲһΪɽδ֮Щʲô
һ䵭ٽһǲСŮòЩ⣬˽ΪǸδŮģϾȰֿƤڵģδĺϸòǵѡǡ
ϾôܻǸϲƤǳ֮أ
ܿ찲Ϧǰҹڴ־žľʹɽһĻļǵգɽλε˵˵ŮӲκ˽飬κŮӽκ˽飬˵˵ֻһˡ
ɽ˷ؾ۲С⾰ɵͬôãƢҲսЩ˽⣬ڼϳɻǰ䲢죬ȦӾô󣬺οһսߵĺع͵D벻˽ⶼѡ
ʶԹɽǷŵġ
ԣƬ̺󣬰ܿ侲
ããֻ򶨵ĽǱ˹ĵơ
ûеһʱȥD͵ǰĹδֵͬһǧ֣ǽķ򿪣ֻµţϸϸȥᱳǶƮѩ鼮Ҳ࣬ӡ֣δԶΡ
Ϊ¡
ڷǶѩϿ˼ۣĵδ뵹İѩء
˼䣬ȴǵD͵ôһ㶼żȦȫʢˣ˵˵ǸȴתͬδԽǧ˽ᣬ˵˵Ǹ籾ӦֵͬһԣһּǿȨǶɾ¸ɢˣñ꣬˵˵ǰ˿ֵȥ׸ѰǸ磬ź˿ˡ
ֵʵ̫ˣ˵ôһʼ˳ˣСģûֹ߳ܣ˶ˣ֪߳ܣƷʲôֵӵϲģЩϲĲſһϹô
УЩһҽĳ฾ǣҲһӽˮƵģҹ˵δ룬Խǧﲻ֪߳ܵȥѰ˼ҷѩ͵ͱˣҴţ֪߳ܵĹ֮ڣ㲻Ҫô
ǸҲǣĢ˼ҳԣˣ
չûѧǰֵģȻһ׼߷ȥ
˵D͸ֻСƵģ˲ը˶ӡ
ֻһ߶ţһֱ֣Լ˺ڹñӻҪߡ
Сգ԰ȫ˸顣
ɼжߣжάġ
ԭһ򶨵ȻİĢĸʱ΢΢һ٣еǲ鼮û˿װֱžһ´еȥ
ôһ˲䣬֪DС﾿ڰȰȰЩʲô
Ģ
ǹɽĢδԵ˼ô
һʼ˵һɵȻĢĸʱ֪ΪΣһɶµĳ嶯ֱӴθ˳
ɫһ˲䣬Ƭ̵ѿͲ԰ס
ʵϦǰҹɽգĽͺ̹ףһ׽δ롱ִļֱӸɾĨȥˣ޹ؽҪ֮ˣмڷ
죬ʵе㿪ĺͻϲġ
ͽȥ⽣ȥνֿƣСˣЩСȫָЩͯǣһʮֿľġ
ǣ˵͸жģʵմӹл󣬹ɽһĢ
ǧϴľԡ
մӹ󣬻ĸزһûĹǣеǰδеѹãǣԽȺĢݵеʱ򣬰ССĺŵʱ򣬺Ͱˡ
ʱʵ̫죬ȴΪһĢƮãģһӾȺˣֻЩůůġ
ûжԹɽ˵ⱲӺȹúȵĢ
Ȼֱʱ˿̣֪ԭŶһ˵Ģ
ʵЩദɽദսгˡ
ִá
ȴ룬һ˲䣬˳˹
㡭û°գ
ʵʵͷ۷׷ף㱻ڹ㣬ʵʵֵĵһ֮԰ˣǸδûὫ
DɫһʱЩڣֱġ
Щ״ΣҪǣʶôˣ֮ǰЩ֪ٻˣָĶУвٻǵǽʱD˵ǣģ
Ƥû̧һΣζûС
Ϊ
û뵽һȴ
D˲Щ޴
Dԣȴ֪ġ
ǸʱǸ͵͵СĢǸʱɶˣҪʣµļƨɸԡ
ӡ̡
µЩԵʣɫÿһʱҧҧ߷߲ƽȭͷǸСˣô겻ɢ
˵գһѽһߣ漴ŵDĸ첲ҧ۸ҽˣߣȥ˺С˵죡ﲻͷ
һҪŸɼܵļơ
DһҲЩͷֱӿȥѵѵСŮҲһȥ
˵ɾ͸ɣԸȥǸ˵ͳֳɵģʱֱɱȥָ
Ҳ֮ʣʱѽϵỺʰ𣬵鲻ϸ±ôŴ
ţ侲
Dһ£룬ǵڶӡģ֮ǰӡһϻˣˣ֮ǰһᲢûһǧֵݣһμӡʱȥģ֣˳Ŵ˵ģ
Dϲ˵š
Ҳ˵һϻѵȥģ
ʶرϦǰҹδѿһΡ
ԣרŸġ
ǹİ


71 
ʱ, ɽֵ
ոոմͷϵһ׮С˷˼Υ濯ӡ֣ѵ飬Ȼ֪Ϊ, ߳ʱ, ƤȻû
صʱ, Զ㿴²ڸǰ, ϵԹ·ⶼܸܵõ
ɽüһ
ʱ, ֽͯ, ԹӯĽ, üͷһ, ôˣ˶, ʵտɺã
룬һ, СӶݺݵҧ, ·Ҫҧһڵļƣŭ㻹ʣ
һԹļƣ
˶, ԭ֪Դ뿪, Ǹ羹˳ĺˣ
ֵҪ뿪ص⸻۵ľ, ǻ, ƣƣżչ, ķ¶һ, һСŮ, һһ, ߣڵûм޸㣬Ȼñ
Ƶ˶Ҫܾ˵õܴͬһˣΪ˼޸㣬СöҪˣˣ㾹۸Ǹֱ̫ˣ
°ȰȰȵָŹɽıһͨš
ԭDŽ˲Щǵķ£ӻʼѧԺ˵밲Ļ£ӹ˵հһ¡
νǿӣ˵ĭɡ
Dָͷϸһ飬£һʮǹǣҶ֮ˣýպƱشصעЩ
֪Ǹ羹ǸзĻĴܲ
ʱҧгݣֻеСӿеø¸졣
֪ǣDꡰܻǻģһʮ԰찮Ľɾˡ
˸Եӵھǿνǲ¡
ǸʱվǸͷģǵת˷λ·Ľ֮վڰͷӦֵһˡ
±ˣٳ˰뷹
һʱǰڴ˴ڵĺŹˡ
ɽüԽ㡰ɥĲ񡱵ָδֱʵտ˺£˵ţۣк˵ˣ
˵ţ˫Уλˣ
ɽ˫͸һ˿˵ʱ޶˸еһ˿Ϣѹ
һߣ˱ǣ
˵꣬ܿˣȥԶûסͣԶԶǹɽһɤӣһط̬Ⱥõû㣡
һܿɽĿƬ̣漴ָüģ󣬽һ˦Ժ̤ȥ
ʱϦ£һĨ͹ʣδ䡣
ֳ棬ٴĹϣһһˣ¡Ƽ磬ȴֲǰ߶š
δԶΡһҳ鿴󣬰ϣ󻺻ۣ֪˶ãۣе𺳺͸֮ɫȻþòɢȥ
䲻īɵʦţڻʼѧԺ飬ķѧ֮ʿǶĿȾģҲմȾ˼֮Ѱ޴֮Щ츳֮˼ڷܺӰˣ־ڴˡ
Щδ뽥¶ǰżţϲʫʣϲīǿ飬ҲమһЩĹ£Ȩƹ£򷢹ˣ⻹һĶδƷȴ룬𺳾þòƽ
֪ҲǣܹôӵڻʼԺʱܹ࿴ܹ̫ƫֻжŮӣѰŮӡ
ʵ뵽ģϾǵ궼Ŀ֮ˣܹׯò߹ĹŮУɱһŮӣѰ֮
Ȿμ֣֮ȴ·Ķ֮侳һ˴ΡΡɽӡ
֮֮ϵī֮׼֮޲࿴ıʻΣҪ֮˵ǹǹӼʶأԼǹ˼дʽ޲˸е𺳣ʵ⾹ǳһʮŮ֮֡
ؼǣˣҲδǰʱʮꡣ
ǸǺεȵ˰
һμǣ¼δ¼;ĵص㣬ÿһķò磬ÿһطʳϰߣ˵ʢҩݣܣ˴ңԼ;Ȥ£ȫһڶгĬֶķʽ¼ڲᡣ
˵μǣһٿȫ顣
ֵһ˻˵ʵûп֮ǰΪȻһһ俴˺еĵһǣһЩǰ֮
䣬ڲԶŵŮӣĵطһ·;еţ·Ǹһ硣
󣬾ͽһв
ǵ֪δضΪλḻʦ
һʱһĴܸȻ
ԭòĲǰѹֵһᡣ
ȻԼЩǸЦ
һŮΪȻûзȴϣԼҹԴˡ
ϣԶų֮ߡ
δ֮һ
һǧֵд֮䶬ĸɲһžĵǣڵһѩҹΪ·һյƣԼããϵһĨɫ£һһûдˣȴˡ
ԭڴѩдڼ̱ı䶴ںӱߵСľȡůĻġĢĺɫ£Ϊƻȥ
͸ǧ֣ʮһĻ档
ǧ֣ǻ˼
һȫȻİ磬İĳİˡ
ʹһѵԼԼڿ⼤ŭĴ塣
ǡ
һɽ
ʮһ˼ţĹɽǸİɡ
ûһֽԼδɽѵ°գ
ǿһѩǿǿһѩҹȡůͬ·ˣǸ֮Ļƿˡ
ʮ꣬һ֡Ұ֮С
ôЬ࣬Ҳˡ
ĿǰĺɫУ˼Ƭ֮ͣʣʱһʹϺ΢΢һһֻ΢סˣ¡
ͻֵˣð˼һ١
Ǵã˼Ƭ̳ٻֻһֻƻ̧ۿȥֻ֪ʱǹɽһϢĻظطĸǰ
޲
ʱһĨϦȥ
ϼɢȥûɲ塣
谵İӰͶڹɽϣϣӰӻҰ塣
΢΢ͷǰ˿Ƭ̡
ôһ˲䣬Щ㱲塣
ֻǰˡϤİ
ȼʹյˣȥԶ
ôˣң
ɽһ˫ϥڹϣһ·ĺɫУһĨƵġ
ڹɽӡУһǸ߸ϣʢˣŶׯáβɨ˵ġ
ͷһؼ㡭
ɽ֪ݡ
ЩįͻҰܡ
ɽĿеİŨ޵һĨɫʣһĻȴǺڰ׵ġ
ǸϲɫĿɫԽŨԽãģ
ôʶΪˣ
ɽǣǣǣȤţǣ̺¶˫㡣
һƬ
ɽ
̧֣ʳָ˹ΰıǼ⡣
ȴϣָǼһ̣ƫͷܿˡ
ɽָ΢΢һ١
ɽ̧ۿȥֻ˫Ŀƫͷûٶ࿴һۡ
ɽ΢΢ǣ͸Ŀӹϸϸ˶Ƭ̺󣬶һСһɫ鼮ϣɽ˫Ŀ΢΢
һ˲ϬƬָֺ̺ܿ糣
ֻǣǣǣСϰڷһС̸㣬ɽֽӶһС飬͵ǰЦɫЩãɫˣˣóڴţȳԿڵĵɺã
ɽ˵ţſģҪȥι
ȴϰûκ׵һӡ
žһ£ֱӴӹɽָ䵽˵ϡ
ɽǣɫһݡ
һֱ䵽Զĵģһ£ֻҧҧĬãҲҪ
˶٣һ䣺ĶҡҪ
ҶҪˡ
૵˵š
·𲻹֮
ȴַ·͸ĳ־ĺ⡣
ɽԣɫһ˲䣬Ȼѿ
žһ£ֱˤСϣͷȫ˹Ϻ͵ϣм˰ϡ
һ̣°ͱһָֻǷʹ̧
ԭСϵǱɫ鼮Ȼ߾ٵ˰С
⻰Ǻ⣿
ĪҲҪˣ
ɽŰ°ͣȻš
Ե޹һ̣Ȼŭ
⻰ʱϷ·Ⱦ˱ŭ⡣
һֲͬǰ¥յŭһۣﻮһ˿˺ıŭŭ
һ侲ԳֵĹɽ˿ϱʴǣ˪
ǳɻ
ǵһܣ
һγ֡
߸ϵİԭΪһӶ᲻زԼ᲻Ƭ̵Ŀ˴֡
¥ǴΣ֮࣬Ҳվ˶ѡ
ڵĶŮһȫɫ䡣
°ͱۡ
·ˡ
ҧ°ϵָȴȻ
°ͣӸضĿǰδеķĮƷǵñشȻɡ
ȴţŰб߸߾ǲᣬڴʱִڡ
˷·Ƶģš
·˭ҲϿڡ
һǰδеš
֮ʣʱͷûκ׵һ޴ӹû
ˡ
˵һ·ǧֱ˶ġ
ӹûһ漴ɫȻ䡣


72 
˵, 󣬹ɽɫһ䣬ವһɿ˰°͡
ɫһ
ɿ쳯Ŵ⿴ȥ
ˡ
Ȼһû, ˶ķ
ɽɫ, ವһתͷ, ֱֱǰӡ
˿̵İֻûһ, ֻ¡һը죬ôһ˲, ǰһ׹һ, ˴ԭ, ľ, û˼, û˼룬ѪҺ͸˳Ƶ, ͸ʧǰ, þûһܡ
ֱ֪˶, ʶʲô, , ȴԼ΢, ·һֻ޴ס˺ﾹһ˿ˡ
ţʼƲס䷢, ɫһ˲׵ý͸
ʶغ, Щӹֱӵȥ
, һԵĹɽסĸ첲޶ס, ɽͼȥȥ뻳УֻŴ
ȴ룬֪ʱһƿ˹ɽӣЬ඼ûֱӹŽѾӱ˹齣Ȼֱȥ
ȴ֪˹ϴһ磬δѷ鷢֪һȻ𶯣˫ʱ˲䣬ƮƮӾֱǱˤ̱ڵء

ɽɫ䣬׷ȥ
ǹִӣ
һ

Ǵһӣһ죬ɴһ죬ǵȫܹõ
ⶥײᱻ죬ռ죬ӭ֮⣬ΨзִңԼɥ֮ʱŻᱻ죡
һûϡ
ʱӵˣˣȫǵһȫɫŵ˳
ˡ
︮ȫڲ
ʮʮ졣
ǹɥ֮
ͣµһ̡
ڵصİ͸ʧȥƵģ·𱻾ƵģſڵϾһ˱ôãǸֽɵֽޣ촽ֻһһ¶䶯ţȴһ˿
ʱ޳а׵ָץµë̺ÿָָǱֻץϵĵ̺ţһһȥ

ɽ̹§ȴƿֻŴӵȵ˵̺ϣҪ
һﲻһﶼʧħƵġ
ʱһֻʵŶ룬ֻһŲ԰׵ݣ˫˫ڵغɫһ䣬ڵһ߹һȥһʱſǻһ۵Ű֣̲סʵͷͷˡ
һ䣬ڼǵеӰһͣ
ɽûڵصİ§뻳
ȴ΢΢˫Ŀ§Ȼ׷ʮָһ߬˹ɽ䣬ָ׶·Ƥ֮С
ֱ֪˶ã˫ֺԹɽɿڵأֱɽл䡣
ڵ̺ϣĿɢɫ㶣·ûκϢ
˫ۣһƬն
ǡۻ˹ȥƵġ
һԵ״Һôˣ
Ȼ͵ؿɽźˣҼҿôˣ
ȴǹɽ͵̧ͷȻ˫Ŀһȥ̫ҽ
һ䣬ĳ˳ȥ
ߺ󣬹ɽ§뻳УһһĴŰԼȥ棬
ȴһĻ˫Ŀ㶣κ֪
ɽһοİȻ鶯
ôһ˲䣬񿴵ԽԽףԽԽףȻ󼸽͸գҪǰɢƵġ
˿ֻ̣޲óذףԼֻ֡
֪ɥĸ¿һˣиޣΨ̫һˣ̫ȫ硣
ΪԼܹء
ȴһʱ̣Լʲô
ԿԷһѡԶˣ
ɽƴ§뻳У§ţ֪ΪΣӣȻһš
һ̣ҪԶʧȥƵġ
ɽ˼Ƭ̵Һͻ㱣Ȼһ̣ʹԼٶǿܲ
ɽ׼ʶ㣬࣬ʹԼһʱ˿ֻ˫ܿ콫ŵ˵̺ϣ漴һɽڣһĴָѹıǼ£ȴ˫ĿȻɢɽԥسذףֱӾָָһʼѪ
Ѫð˳
ǰ㽿ˣ
Ȼʱ˿̣ȴ˫ĿȻͣûзӦ
ɽವһ½ذһӣ˫۽죬һʱ˫һ˰Ĵ棬ֻԼ˹ȥԼĶĶǰţһһɪɪɪɪңңǹɽ
ɽŰһһţȻûзӦյǰ߳ŭҧвиôһŮ˭ù
иôұҲҪ

ɽһһţŻţʼвҧ㰲ˣҲҷŹ㣬㰲ҵҲֻҹɽĹ
ˣҲҪʬ۰
ɽһҧвţ˺ݻ
һ䣬˻ƵģĶ䣬Ī£ˣɪɪĪ¡
͸СƵģһĺŻ֮ˡ
ڣ֪в̫壬̫Сģ͸Źӵ͵͵Ĳ
ʱڼ֮йӰ΢
Ľëһ
ɽȻӦϲĺӣ
һۣɽŷŴϤۡ
һһ£»ζš
䡣
ʶıԼһţһһţֱ֪˶ã䲻棬̧סݣûκ׵Ȼд󺰵ĸ
·ʹȫ
˺ѷεغôһ
һ£סĺ˲䱻״ͨˡ
ʹĿ޺졣
ء
ɪɪһš
һֻ˵Ķ
ֻӣһһµ͵š
ɽֻݵƬ̹򣬻ϤƵģȻһĿ޺ȴ־еȫӿ˻
Ī£Ī¡
·ʧð㣬§Żе˶
·ҪԼĹѪ
һһš
Ծ͸Źɹɲ⡣
ڣʱһ˫ϸԾ§Ĳ
أҪĸɽҪĸҪĸ
֮§Ĳʿ޺š
ǸҪǹõ꺢ͯ޵˺ѷΣγϡ
ã빬ȥĸ
һУɽһţ漴§Ż֮ˣСֳһɫ񣬳Ż֮һ㱧ˣ̤ĺɫȥ


73 
˵ɽһ·ϵʹʱ, ȫٹٶϵ˹ǰٹѻط˼ǰ顣
ѹҰᦣæһ, ȴȫ, 氧, һ·ֱϲ, ٱɽһ·칬ʱ˻û, ԶԶĿع칬ſפ, ڵˡ
عѻɥ, һط, 鲼, ͷ׽ݹѵ, ˫۷, Ȼǿ޹ˡ
ع̫Ů˪, һɥ, רڵȺˡ
ع, ˪ɥ, һ·Ҳסˣ˫һ죬ǰܿһƬģ, ֻ, ԶǵТ֮, ԶԶһ
ӱһ, ǹɽţ֧ˡ
ع״ȴ˹һĽ뻳С
ֱۣס˺ع
˽ŶԷš
Ϊ
ֱڵһĵͷȴ룬龰֮¡
ɽſ˰ȴһš
˿һţ΢ɫѵ͸һɳ֮ɫ
ͬʱֻںعȡһ˿ͬѹ
жķ˽ӵʱѿ޵
ֱ֪˶ãعɿ˰ֻ̧һһ¸棬һᣬһʵˣĪҪѹĸݰ꣬ߵòʹࡪ
ߣȥĸһɡ
һ䣬عԴյнӹɥΪϣ˻һͬ칬
һڣֻڹһƬļʮӡԼ⼸λŮȫϵˣ˿̣߽ڿһƬ
һ֪ġ
ȻǾյ˷ǰѸ칬̼ˣΨаһ֪ġ
һڵ޵ϡʺ󣬹мλڵš
ԶԶֻ֮ϣ̫󾲾ţ˯˰㡣
ڷϣһֱ̫֣˫Ŀ죬㲣·᲻֡
ԶԶؿˣֻ˫һ죬кˣ
˵ţֻ̾һ̫Ϊ㣬˼һ̰ɣ
ԣһһ̫ķ齡
̶ʮಽľ룬ȴ
ڵԼ齣ޱȵϤʮĵط˿̣İ
ֱһߵǰǶǸ׷̫ţھЩϤĸо
ֻ̫󾲾Ƕױݣ泯죬ȥͷΣɫͷ߸ţۣ˯Ƶġ
һʮÿһʱģ
УϤ
ϴػɫ¶Ϥ
ػɫ΢ˣбб̫˼ǼΪԭǰǰʱѪΪ̫һٷ
˵ǰȴǴ˸ӰˣʵţǷббļ룬ԼƲȥˣҪʱ̫żˣȴ˵
󣬰ڼλֵġЭ£ŤŤٷˡ
׵İͼΪÿһС۾ѡ
һ׵·ڹʱ̫ٴ빬⾰£Ƿ˲٣ɼʱŵģʱǴһ
Ϊ̫޵øγϣ޵ֱʣȴ룬ټ̫ʱȴǹЦˡ
ֻ̫ŵ֣գһһĦԼ
Ųޡ
̫ϲˡ
Ųޡ
һˣô죿
ޱӣԣǰ㽫ȥˣۿ޵ԣʱϻǰ
ٿޣ˼ˣ̫û׼һֱۣӳĶͷϵԱ㲻ˡ
˼ʮ꣬˼ʮ꣬ڿ԰Ъˡ
ôټ޳ֹˡ
û׼ˣ±ҲҪŮˣô죿
ҪԹԵġ
Ҫ
̫˯ðˣû׼±ӻԸŮˡ
̫ŵ֣š
һ䣬ȴϵıȼ׻ζ
̫еıȼɶˡ
ףôĻһȼף⸱ȼ̫¾ˣöˣ̫ÿÿ˵ϰˣ˳ˣÿػ⸱ȼ鱡ĽƬΪȹ̣ɱһ£ô⸱ȼĽƬֵˣ
ٵ˿ɲаû˸̫ȹ̣ȼɶˣô죿
ţһʱ̫ŵ֣Ǹȼ׻ȡ룬һȡ£ּ̫ŵָ׶δ޼ˡ
ǣһҹ̷̫ķǰ̫ޱȼף̫ÿһָָϤ޼ĥȻᷢ纷˼ů֣һһһҹͣЪ
δȥ˯˰㣬Ϥĵ̷š

̫ްţ˹ɥٹ
ֱͣһ£Ƿɥ£²ܻޣ֣д͵ľ¥ƹݣ¥Ժһֹͣת
еҹͣӣء
磬ؼ䣬һ˲䣬ֻʣºڰɫ
ɥΪׯ¡
ϸ񣬹ʮա
ղͬļͣ
̫ϥеӱﱲǰա
׹׽ʳڶձлӹ½½ε
ܹģԵڶ𣬱׵Ļӹʼ͵͵ʳ
ȻһﱲΪӮİȴҹͣһТģһ˿ִҹˮδ
սݣҡҡ׹ȴһɾӲš
εۿ޺һɽһ
ƫԼ̫δһᣬ޹һƽż֪ʲôʱʱЦһ¡
ɽӳŲס
ʵģһһԣľѡ
ʱɽΪĹȣЩʧǻˣº̫ҽ̣̫ҽȴɫأֻǣȻĹ赹ʣ漰һغգ֮飬ֻոճӤʱ㷢һؾʣЩȲ
ɽɫҰףֻľ亹û
ʶ֮صޡ
⼸ĿƬ̲ҴӰƿ
ͬعЯȰ⡣
ԣͳһڡ
ɽ˲ע֮ʣ͵һ滨⻺óЩϸĵмȥߣϸĺš
ȴɫҰף촽ɺԵĿͣ졣
ɽŴָĬĬȡһ룬Ҫɫ밲ʱ룬ʱһ֮ԶȻ𣬴µš
ǡǶӡ
ֻˡ
󾪺


74 
, ɽȥ
ֻһƬɫڿз
һòݵڵ⼲
¹£ɫļ°ͼŵĺɫ͸ŵ˪, շʡ׵ĶӺòȥԶ
, ɽȻһ˳
ǶӺ
ʼҺ, ʧĶӺ, ڻؾˡ
ĸˡ
˵һ·Ϯ, 㽫ϵİ۳, ֱڵ⳯ںݺݿͷ, 漴, ڱдһТ, ˡ
ӵһƬʹ, ͸ġ
һ, ֹڵϣһŵںݿʮͷ
ʱ, ͷ̼Ѫ
˼˻, ҲֹסۺĨᡣ
ʱ, ӺӢ, һһߵ⣬, ɡ
˵, ŵһĸ, 쿴, ܻˡ
Ɐʹ֮һ˱ֿʼһţűʹ޺ĸ
һƬ޺Тġ
ΨаȻľȻĹûκηӦ
һֱǺһһã̫Ĺ餣ĸһ󣬺תȺֻܻһһŹȺİȥϥ˰ǰһ˰Ħɪɪһˡ
ֳĪ£㻹Сֳ
ḧŰ԰׵Сһ˵š
СҰܣһ֣ްƤˣʱ΢΢һ
ԭľİ󣬽ëһֻ͵̧ۡ
ǰü͸ŷ˪˫ѪɫܲϤӣ䶯£ղڵİڴʱ죬ɳƿڵ硭
һ䣬۽Ǵ䡣
˴Ӯİʮ䱦Ĳֻ̣ۣǰһӵס䱦ͷŻһȥЪţｻΪ֣Ϊ֡ͻĸһ̡
ֵаĸߵðȡ
§Żе˵š
ΨϷֺ㾪ŵƵġ
һ˵ţһϧĺף̰ȡĨϤϢ
һ䣬ȴ֮һû˷Ӧ
Ŀȥ
ҹˮδŲ۵İһ̣Ϥ˻ĵжķۡ
һֱţǿţƾΪ˳ŵһ̡
Űġ
ڣˡ˯ˡ
һɡ
ӵĸްŵϢʹֵͬʱĲµ˱ɪɪˣΨŲס
ټĻʹ׹һˣκ
ǿӱޣǧһ·ͣ񱼻ġ
ֱʱ˿ִ̣ǰƬ˺üյų׵İ
һʱ֮СشᱧҪԽͻ칬ЪϢһȴ룬ʱǰһߴӰ΢΢һΣ׵סǰȥ·
һ̧ۣһŰɫɥ֮˺סȥ·лշ
˶٣ֵǽ˽΢գ
ʮֵͳκ
ӰʮߴȺҪߴЩŹվţ˱Ӱƣһȥ˱治ľĿ
ֻܿ˫ʮڣС
һ䣬˽һ̧Ķ
·ûء
Ƭ̣ܿ콫˳ǹǣ
׵ڽһҹ컹ûѳ˫ֱ뾩ˣȹɽø硣
֪Ѽ˸겻飬һз·Ǽеģ
ֱʱ˿̣γѡ
˼صʵ
ȫڲĿſһĻ
ĸĹǰ
죬ֱ֪˶ãСؽеƬ͵ʵֱϣ֣۰һ֮סˡ
ȴϺᵶȥ֮ʱ·ЩƵģսֱۣɿ
ڵ˫Ȼһ̧˲ͷһĨĿֱ
ɽŴ˫ڵӥһĶֻ꣬͵ˡ
һ䣬˫һеƬ˲ӶԷʧĻ
ɽı˻еӣ˺һۣ漴תһһԱӱжʱһһȥ
һ˲䣬ֻˡ
ԭأĿŹɽıӰԽԽԶԽԽԶֱ̤ãʧ˵⣬˫սһȭͷ
ʱĺع֡
һͷԼİúعͷۿͷһϣת£뻳У˰λãĸ顣
ʮպ󣬹ųȥףս֮ڣȻ֣ӻΪ̫Тꡣ
˵մӹл󣬹ȻһڣѸա
һڲϲ£á
ַ·𱻳ĹǣȻãӮϵģ֮䣬£û¹齰벽
ſãлǲοʹ
ùɽһۡʶˣĴΪʵʵǺεȵģġ
ڴ֮ǰֻ˵
Ȼؾǰֻ÷·촦ԽЩضЩԼڴ֮ϡЩʶЩţͬڻʼԺʱʱʱٵӡһˡ
ֱʱ˿̣ҵĲһɽŵһᵽԭԶԼҪ࣬ҲȴиҪࡣ
ϵĸգһձǴ£ӹ̣ʲϣʲôʲôѵʱ
ɽľȻġûʶ̫ҽԼӵŮȴѡᳵ·ˣùɽԸ̫ҽչѪߵЩŮַڿǰź򣬲һҹ֮䣬ҩ¯ԺҩıԺɹټҩ䣬ʵ룬ǧϲΣԼȥֹҩġþ߾Ϥˣһҹ֮·˸ҩ̡
ŮĶԶһնɣǾǧյķŵͳġɡ
ټӱҲûκҩζ׸ǡ
ɽ֪Ӯ仰ʲô
̶£˱ѷ·ֽƬˡ
ֻǲ֪ݲʹԵǲҲһԭͷ
ûյġǷܹʧȥĸ滺֣֣һ˿ţ


75 
, ߹˲Ʒ
˵սת䣬ѳϺʮˣϺøһЩ
̫ްţ֮ڽֹһȡ, Ұ, ʶһʱ, Щ˾, ٽףøϺ, ֮»㲻١
䲻Т֮, סڸ, ʶɽԸȥ, , ֹ֣ͬһΪ̫Тꡣ
, رͥ, лһаݷ֣Ϊ̫Т, ϸظ, ޹ʲ̤Ű벽
, ɽ͢, 㻤տҪͷͷսæµ, ȻȻá
ЩҩĻ߲Ʒ, , ҩͲƷ, Ҫǰ̽İա
ļλӼ꣬ǳβϦײ¶档
ػؽ߹ͷɽ֪Ŀɲ߹һˡ
Щ½½һЩһЩڴͨȻǳһλ
ɽƷó˿Ը͸̫ҽĿЩԿ棬ֻϡ
Ը䣬ʱƽˣˣſڡſ˺Щţµǰţǽ֮ˣָּģ˵ǡ˵ǵ˷Ը뽫ģµĲţȴΨǱĲҵ
һ˵š
ɫνʷ׳ʡ
Т£δմκλȣǷ˻濤һΪ̫Тڴ˹ͷĸ۵ľţⲻλεĸ֪ˣǿТʳûô
Ŀ࣬ΪĸϷŪˣ
ǵҪãҲòҴţ͵͵ʳðĸô޴Ŀŵˣ˵ʮüͷأ
ΪĴ˴
ȴϣ˺ɫδģֻڴǰΪǣǣӣ漴£ƷԸſ
һ䣬ɽȥˡ
ȥˣ˽ĳţֱͽ˸
ֹʮüͷʮͷţ֮ԭǰɽżԸĲԭϿӱͻؾġ
̫Զּ֮ţ˻ͣʶ֧ţ龹һ£ųٳٵִﾩǡ
ǹɽ˴ͻؾţר̸ʳõġ
ԭֹӲصԵʣТТԵʣûʳùκλȣӵټϺڵӪϣѿҪȥ˰ˡ
ɽӣȻۿɼļһս֮һյݣ֪ӣǿǿιҲͨͨ³Ȼѹܲôˡ
ڱʱһα˷͵Ϯһ˱ں˿УЩɥǿտһֻա
˸˸󣬳ϲ֮⣬һţ飬ŮӶø׳ʵ
ɽԭƻιϼţ飬Тһ㽫Ǽʮͷţˣȫ̲ӣýϵµЩȫһһ
Ȼȴǹ˲ôˡ
޲ýһͷ
ۣȥԺרſٳһյȦЩţջôʦԼţ顣
µϢǿ
££¿иôʱô죿
һ˵Ǹ罫ţͻ˾ǣ𼱻ǹæǼ̺ˣڱʱӪᣬȥʱǸģɳ˼Сʵܴһͷţ
æһ磬ֽţˣʱɽ˼Щţ飬͸ʳá
룬Ժһֱ˯δѣ˵ţ齶ɽֳ̧Űһವһֿʼˡ
Ъգַ˸
ķգһձ߰գղձּգ˶պͿˡ
ַգһʱִȥ̫ҽĻ̫ҽȥҩİҩ
Ȼظ˽£ЧĻֺˣ
ɽĬãѹ˲ֱ˽մʦ˽
ԭɽմĲЩţ򣬻һ򸾣ɷģרŽţģϤӽֵţʮûʧֵģӮССţ֣֮ûģö֮ⲻˣҲѰƲ
˼Ҿڱפ˼ʮ꣬黹ʮ˽⣬ӪоȲʿ͵ʮа˾ܹȻ
˼ʮֲ꣬ʶֻմȾţɧͷҷϵأʭӣָﶼţ㣬˵ʮϴһ裬ʶûţſǰգã򲻵Ѳ˴ǰ
񣬹ɽֱӡ
ȻǻѬ̤ӵһ˲䣬ӳը˹
ֻڣͷ˺ĽһѺҰݣģŲЬںڵĽֺ¶ţʿò죬ֳּ⣬ü۸߸ͻţû°ͣһǸӵ׹ƵģĪˡ
С˼⸱棬ûвſ޵ġ
ǼԺڵ˸֣úɫķͷסˣֻ¶һ˫ݸɻǵۡ
֮ʭѬ졣
ɽšüֱӽԷ
ӷһü漴ɽԸ㿪ʼȺħ裬죬ͷһ˰Ӻ󣬺ߵǰպϵĴһƿÿƿһȴӱ㳯Ŵһţ࣬ѲһŻӵǰһ̣Ŵϵ˿һۺƴ鶯ƴҺҽһ󣬴һźɫĵ˰漴°һ̧ǿŵܿ㱻밲ĺȻ󣬱ӽϵıһ
Ȼ󡭡Ȼһ߻鴤ţһȺħˡ
ǵģֱǰ鶯ˡ
ûֻƬ
һߣӵŮһɫ԰ףɫߺ޵شӵӡ
Ҫ֪࣬ӻѬ첻˵֮ţʭұģö˶˵ӣ˲䱻ɹζơ
Ҳ֪ˣײľ󣬻ø˹ȥ
ԸӣȫͷβĻһߡ
ȴǹɽ̧һȥɡ
ɽǰɫ԰ӮֻʣƤȴ̵ֻӣɫһʱӹ󿪵ĴԼϱƿűӣͷһӦ˹ɫȥ̧Ͱˮ
ɽۣ˪Уˮһͨһͨڳࡢļϣ̵ֱ彥ô̹Ǳɽϵıˮÿᣣ°ʪ£һһ齣̵һӵ˻С
л˵
ţࣿգþˡ


76 
, ȴ
һǻԣȴȻ̲סʶһû, ȻƬ̺, ͬȱˮƵ, ֻʶسˮԴס
չ, ʶģˣȴֱۺĿ
ǹɷ̹ǵײ, ûеİ
ƷһƬ, ֻȡƬȻ
ɽŲ, ʹܵİʶسĻ￿, һʱ°͵Ķǰ, еԽ§Խ޲ýĹѪ
ǻ, ѵ, ɽԳˣȻʱ˿, ܳࡢ, ָ֮, Ƥݹ, ָ֮Щ֡
Ҫ֪ò, ȴҲǰݵ, , ʵ, ἡǣͬϺõ֬ÿÿɽָ֮һƬϸ壬ֹס
Ȼʱ˿̣ȴݵþˡ
µʱգһһݣƤӵš
ɽʮ꣬˺绽֮ӣԳ˵Ҫ÷ҪΪļλӣ
һУмڼ̳С
ֻ뿿Լսɳҵʶ㿪ʼֱɱУɽҪһУҪԼһ˫Իȡ
ɱУΪٴ£ûκܹѵġ
Ȼֱʱ˿̣ŵһ־ʧĸо
нһɳӣָһһߵ޴룬߬ٽҲֻĿһһķݡ
һ̣ӣͬɳ
ɽĸ󣬽Ρ룬˽֮ʦʼ䣬ڹɽӡ֪һսھǣױ֪ڱģʶ飬ʵûκͿеӱĸǰ򳪸漴ɣͻݣΪ˼Ů
ʵڹɽĿǷΧڡ
ֻߣĻ£Ӳλ߸ϣͷ˿͸Ҿµİκιϵ
ģԵ£󱻱¶ˣ׮λ
һǾȣڶǡǹ˼Сװ
ŮŮ޶Ŀ⣬˽ⲻ࣬ΨλǲϤеΪϤģڸʵ̫ǿߵĶŮ˶Զǰеġ
οڻʼѧԺǶ֮λ͸һȣλǰһλһ̧ۣ׾ٵı⵽ˣ벻עⶼѡ
ǡʱλ߹͵λĵDԶߴߴÿڿϷգ˫ۺ޲ϣɽĿбӣһĿܹЩģ֮ǰδƲİеЩͬѰˡ
˼һʱסƬ̡
ʵ˼Щ˲£ֱ̫ˣᴫǰУɽҲƻص̫ͷϣϵţĸ
Ψ´͵£̫⽫˸ǰѯ˼
ʵʱ˼ڻϵһĶε׼ϣϢԾƬ̣漴ãų̫ĸǡ
ʱ̫˫Ϭ˫ϣƬ̣ĵĻͷȿĲҩ㷢ֲǿģҲǶԵ
˵ţ̫ĬƬֻ̺ͷȻǱͣ˼Ըáл¡
ǣմӱԷ̤ԼЩȻ
£ôһ׮Ĵ£ƮƮġˣ
ԼЩ˼
ĸԣԵְֶա
Ⱦ컨İǨ˻ʹͻ˿ǰҩգټĿͥȴȣв޸ĸ޹ʣȥŮǽǱͷʹޣԹĸ幬Ҿһ˵̽ǸүҲڿƬ̣ҿͥ벽ֻǹ¿ĿڿֵϺúݵģֱӽһĿƳ˹̫һ֮¸ų̽Ůȫñⳡ컨ŵ
ʱȾ컨һİһϢǰ˲ҩǰա
գһᣣɽʧǰ̽̽Ĳ֢һۣձɽİ¾йӸൽĿ
һҰף컨ӡǣȻǴҴһۣȴƬʧֻþΪˡ
ֻյĻڽƵġ
Ŀսա
ʱֻƬϧ
Ȼʱ˿̣ӵİͬĿֻ㣬ÿճһֻ޲ýеʹȫϤתƵźá
ʹҲգ
ܾˮ
գҲһܣ
ţɽŰֻչȥţš
ϴ̹ǵı̵һһˣůˣɽÿӣ齣ˮ齣ܶʼ
һҹ
Ժҹ𣬰ϵ¾ɢЩ
ҹ
ס
ӣ
̿ȻϨ𣬰뿪ĴϮϮ
ͷ
͸׾ֹƵģûһ˿졣
㰲׵峿ۡ
䡣
䡣
ʶش˸΢š
ôһ˲䣬Լ֪ԼںδһƬɣһҵΣε˻ĸҲεδıĳĸףйɽ
εɽǰףĸһĮ޵ľܾܾɽӮ澻棬ҳĺĸԵŮ¹ǵıͽһƱزܽټ޸ˡ
ԭﾹһ
ǶͶ̥ˣɻĸĻĸףĳһڣųⱲгţһ˸۸ˣεһĹɽȻȻ֪ܵȢ
õΣ̰ţζ᲻
ûףޣ
ĻĸҲڣֻЦеĿǴ֡
Ĺɽָ˵ˣ쾱ֱֱģϸ߰ˡ
Ҫ£ɽʶЩżֻƵƵǹɽʹɫʹ˻׵Ͽɣ
Ȼ󣬾ǹɽÿҪ֮ʣȻˡ
𱡱һǡ
ڴϣӰ뿪ͷɫĶëƮ䣬ǡѩˡ
ֻЩȡ
ѹô䡣
ѩˡ
ʶӣһɣһ֮С
ƫͷſɽĹ˻У೤ȴü˯òȡ
ʶָ̧⣬ḧһƬüģȻһָ̣˽߬ס˽סһƬ֮С
ǵü½յ˫ವһˡ


77 
ĿԼ, һ˫ޱȵֱӳ˰ǰͷģһƬ
ͷӿ, ۵һ˲·һƬ, ͷ籩, ʮ㺧, Ȼһ˲ּƬܿĻָƽ, ÷ƽ˾ˡ
ֻһ, ۵Ͷ˰Ŀϡ
š
۵Ŀ, һգͻʧƵġ
һʱգգۡ
һոջ, ʲ, ֪Լֲˣ˼ʵ໹ͣһ, ִͣһ, ͣڻĸްŵһա
֪ԼӦòãһ, ûǺòġ
, Ժһۼ, ܹģģĿ齱ߵһĨߴӰ, ֪һֱš
һʱǰŶӦǰ, ǰȾ컨֮, Ժз·𿴵˲ᣳϵ̽Ӷ, Ǹʱ, ֮ʱΪǺڰ޳Ҫˣǣû뵽û˵ûһһպ
֪ԭսĹǸҩˡ
ԵЩӣҲһֱܹܵӰǰζʵһֱΪġ
𣬾˺ԱᱻĥԽǿͻǰЩСС覴ʲôأ
ǳ֮Ů̫谮Ůɰױ֪߹عDǽȻͬġ
߹ͷ޹ĸţ߻иɫָõİֶӺţΣעᳯĹ¡
Dɥĸֱѹ£̸һ֮֮ϣһ޺ΣֻҪһգDȨľǺһա
ðĸ幬ȴǸϲ̨ĩ֮ҳ丸ҵ˼ֲʶ壬ϲ̨棬ݱ˵ھǣǸڹϼң޳ѹ˽ļҪŮıܹΪ
̫谮̫Ѹߣ̫һްţ˵ʵ˿еһľеĶƷƷԱҵӶһš
ټϵۣԿ͸ʵʵİЩȲŰ裬˽ԹҲԸ¸߸ߵͷ­裬˽ʶ߽ʣֻһСӡ
ȴ룬УǳΪ°ߵһ档
Ҳý͡
ԭž򵥵Ĺȥƫ룬̫ɽ
Ҳ֪ΪΣС֮ˡ
СᣬֻͬŰĺعϵֻͬզզ۱ۻСĵDعںãԼݵЩɳӣκηϳһĸкعӡӣĵDˣǣеĲˡ
ɲ֪ΪΣһɽǰС۱Ʋסֱðˡ
öŮŭġ
ðֺ轫ǵȹ¿ͷĹŮ
ּŮĲζ
ʱᣬʱ࣬ʵİƲЩСĸʺ󡢹󹬵ķҷױ۵ģʵһƽȵ̬ˡ
뾩ε꣬ʹ紫ŷ׷ףʵһֱɫһ޹ء
һ󣬾һȫˡ
һ֣һӾʹαװ
֪ҲǸС۵ġ
۾ȵDС
Сʱ·𶼲ˡ
տδ׫дǱδԶΡʱʵ֪ǶԷĶƣʵһŮѹʱյ˽⣬ǲʣʵ֪ʵемгġ
ǲ֪ΪΣվһըˡ
俴˵һƵģǹ̽£ˣιģԽ΢ԽʧȥˣֻϸĵľٶǱμһ޶ʹ˫ۡ
ʱǨĸ뿪һأĳ׵׵ġ¿ˡ
һۣǰߵ
һӾͻˡ
˲ܶҪ̫ߣԼҪ̫͡
ƽĶۣɽɷѵʮְֳˣûҪƾȱ
ǻˣʧֲಡôãһ׼ˡ
ɵһʱڡ
һÿһһۺܵһʱ俴ĸ
ʲô֪ء
ֱɽ߬ֱָ⴫ʹУһʱɽһ·ҲŻܿɿ֡
ָ̧Ĵüġ
üľ֪ʱ˼ӡ
֪ǲĴֻô˷һǰĹɽЩˡʮƵġ
ʮĹɽȻᣬüȴ·͸ŵķ˪Ǹʮĵˡ
һһḧţҪ⼸ȫƽˡ
ʱɽٴһץסָ봽һ£һ£һ£̣ȫһĽֺܿ콫ָĿһ漴̧һѽ˻С
ֱĲҪ
ƵõĳʧõıƵġ
§ûָۣš
֪ǲĴ̵ţվһƬ
ڰЩã֮ʣʱ
ô
ֻͷ֮ıš
һƬɳƵͳ
ɳƵòӡ
ɤӾ͸Ƶģְơ
һ㶣Ҫʶѯ̧ͷȥȻͷ˿̱°ţ׶á
Էһ䣬󣬲֪ʲôһѷɿɿ˰漴ֱӳ˰ӣӦɿ̽˰Ķͷֺ̽̽̽̽ܿ죬ֱ̽ĺ󱳣ϸϸţ̸ĸǰؿڣĲĶϣһһš
漴ƳһƵġ
ʱѣ˼Щ磬˻Щã塣
һ̽ź֪ķӦԼǳࡢ㡢ģ⡭⡭ϵĶȥˣ
ĪǶʲô
ͽӡ
ˣ㡭ԡ
޺޵š
ʱٶһܿ죬ڴϵ΢΢ֻڴϵĹɽȲٶ£ֱӹ˴ϣٶȷϵİһѽ˻С
ǡˣ
ǡˣ
ȥѰЩʳȳЩʳӿɺã
ɽ˫ϥֱӹ˴֮ϣ§ţĲ䣬һһš
ֹСء
⻰ʱƺƵɤ͸
á
ֻЩã޴룬֪ʲô
ã̽˫˫ۣ֫㶻ص
л˵
λĿҪ
˺ͺú󣬴δˣͿҪβˣŻһЩǰķ⣬35-40֮ӣ
һ澡Ȥѿղһ£
һ仰ʵݵΪ澷跢Ĺ£
òһƴС̥ס˰棬ʶһ±㱻ӵ˺ſڣںΪūΪ澣òªŽϴѣҹ֮ΪʹĻ
ŸӣڶĹУ󷿼ĸ˺ӵĴ齣ôӴʧλΪЦ
ʶ˴
ʹʧ̥ڴƸȢ֮գ֪ĳ֮ŮλȢĿǸڽϱֱȥðƻ
̡
ǣҹ𣬳𺣡
һ忡ŵĴȴ˷裬˫ĳ˻𺣡
˻ָԭ˫òŮ͸лӣȴڳ׵վǴӵףֵǴҡ


78 
˵ջ, ѣֻƮƮģͬƮ˰Ƶġ
ɽܿȥ, ȥŪʳ, һ뿪, 졢ơ¼ӵ, ˢˢſŴ齱أȫۿ, ֿЦ, ϲ
, , ٲ, ū澡ūǵ춼Ҫˡ
ԵЩʱ߹մӹ˹ο, , ӻˣɻǵ, , ַ, ˻Ӷ˹˺Щ⡭
̫Ҳ̽Щ, ˣнСӣſڴͷ, , »ô˹, , һҪ
ƸСްſڰͷǴűɤֿЦġ
°̫ĵһ겻
ֻͰָͷһһϸţϻôôںǼҿˣǹһˡ
ǰѰ˰ϣֺܿ쵹˱ůźʳãڰűߣȽŰĦ
ʱһɱôãʵЩŮᳵ·ˡ
Ⱦ컨ʱǰ⼸ȫ̷ģһӹŹﴳġ
ԣЩ갲һֱ⼸
˵Ůʵͬһͬǡ
ˢˢļСްǣ̲ס΢΢һȣЩʱˣƣ񣬽СһȦˡ
ȥƵȴ룬ֻЩ̧
Ƽ״ȥץ֣ͷǹ
ʱǰЩӾҲҲս˲١
ζ˵š
ɫһ٣ǰƼˣҲ˲١
ĥ˵ӣ˸ŵˡ
̫·ͻȻȴҲ֮У̫ǰӱ㽥ˣϵʵϵþõˡ
գɽһ빬ݼգ˲õԤС
ǣʹԤϣɵɥһ̣Ȼʹ飬ĶűƵģһء
ˮԴ߿ˣˡ
һ̣Żĸһˡ
ֻǣûͻĸһ̣һ۶ûܼţû˼ǰ˵־ԼƵġ
֪̫̫֪Ӳãڸǰܲ˼ŵʵ罫򷢳˹ȴ֪ԽˣԽֻĸȻȥĴ
񣬴һ󣬿ǰһʻף̲ס˳ӡ
һ˲顣
벻ԶУζ߲
һ뿪ˣ˲һˡ
⸱ģǻĸԸġ
иô׷˼һƬˣи̵ģȥ˵ص£̫̫ˡ
ʲô·ˣ
ǲѩˣ
һʱ˾ӣϣһ߰Ͱţһ̲סӳͷš
ʱǰһ죬ɽܿȥˡ
켸ˣ׷׽˼ΪʶȤȴЩᣬһԭذͰͿŰ᲻ȥˣǶûкúø˵˵ģÿһؿˣæǰæźϴȴЩͬˣԿһȫ˸ˣûжǵķˡ
һϲʳź
һǼˡ
ģһʱǣǣǣ˵˵˵
ʱɽþ˹ԣƳһۣʶӣ꣬ɽ΢ס
˼״ϲأɿڳһ漴ȫӵ˴齱ߡ
ɽȥֱڴ齱ϣ漴ֱֱϵİһֱţ۵Ŀš
۾ʮڣʱĿרעĿŰʱǰ˶ʱžйʧõĸоȾͷ
ɽǸײ¶֮ˣӷŵʧأȥʵһȥһؼ䣬ƽˡ
Ŵϵ˶ö˶˵ѵģǽģʻģķɬ֮⣬ǰδеҸ㡣
һ֮ǰ󲻵Լгһչڴ֮ϣŸŮӻϲĵز
ӺɷѪᣬ֮ǰУŮ˰ˡ
Ȼֱһ̣ɽΪΪӶֱŮô򵥡
̫ţһ겻
иôҲᡭԹˣ
棬ûκѪԵϵˣ䣬ȴǣ
ɽЩĪ
ܾ󿴵ĹɽЩͬǰɽϸ΢ȴһֱ࣬ྴԴӵݣݣȻɽԸеͱ֡
ĹɽзʱֹסĹɽȴġ
ҡ
ʶ̧
һ䣬ֻơ¼˸漴׷׾͵Ц
ɽϰ峺Եɵ˫ۣһʱڰǿžµϢķûлشĻãֻ΢΢ǣǣǣ˵ָ̽ڰĶ̽̽漴һѳδʳһʳ˶ʳҲʳЩؿڵģЩ嵭ĵ棬ʱʱЩ
ɽ˵ţӳҨһףߴ˴Ҫι
źˣҲΣɽӵݵǰʱʶṵ̈һƬԥΣʱֻЩѿڵţţ飿
һ̣һɵζ˱Ƕ̲ס¶ɫˡġ
֮ǣôˮҳԣ
һ䣬ɽӵ΢΢һ١
ơ¼ԣʱס׷ף̲סЦ
ʵǡͬ˵ˣǶζţ鲢ƫæǰæ󣬻³̣÷˴˵⣬һ졣
ʵţ鲢ʲôϡ֮깬ˣ𣬲Щɧζ̫ҽ˵ţ˶Ӻú󣬱һֱţݽţ֮ǰڿùˣǰ󣬼͵öٺ»٣һ²ʮӵٺ»ݸµûµٺ»㽫ţһʡˡ
潫еţλεġˣѾͷʱ͵Ц
ɽСøС̫̫Ƶģҡȡ˺òײǿ
Ǽ̫࣬δκλȣ̫ҽ˵ʳţ̲Ȳմ磬ܲӪµֱȥ⽫Щţͻ˾
ˣɽ룬ֻһ裬Ҳʳá
һ䣬ֵţơ
˵ţɽֻţֱԼһ˸ţ顱
󣬹ɽϸϸƷζһ⣬ζζá
ֵЩζţм˷ۣѱ۵ζסˣЩȣʱκζˡ
˵ţɽŰǳǳǣǣѭ򽥽ĺŵҪҪԳ
ɽ˵ţٴҨһף͵˰ߡ
ŹɽһݽͱݣֱȽϵĻɻҪרҵ
ֿ͵Ȼ͸ŵζţ飬ʱ΢΢һ顣
Сأ
ʱİᱻ׺ס


79 
, ǶԷݵ̫ˣǰòʳˣѾľκζζˡ
ɬɬ, һҩζ
Źɽһϸ΢ľٶ, һֱ, ԥ, վǻ˹ȥССһס
ţ鷽һ, ܿ, һɵζֱ, ʵɽԵǰ, ζ, ұһķζסˣ֪ǲǳûнʳԵ, ֻ̫Ե, ζ˲Ŵʮٱ
Ҫǰϲţ飬ôõĶ, عʳ, ɰȴϲ, ʵҲûᵽ벻ĵز, ҩٿɬҩζһˣȵζʲô, ǿɬҩò, ΢, ûô, ˡ
СܵÿЩʲôô
ǣһţȥôһ˲䣬θһڣһȫ˳
θˮЩð˳
ɽܵţ鳯һݣһʱܿһӣŰϸϸţϵ˵ţʵʳ¡
ɽӵ÷ɫģͷɸɾģһ˿·ʳָָӽǣŰһһš
ƳеӣƬ̺ʮȻĽ˹ҪԼʵҪռΪУֻһ߲һǰһ˳ĽŹɽĻ㲻ʳˣ
ȴǹɽüͷһ΢һ飬漴΢΢һʳ뼴ɡ
˵ţִеĽţ˹ι
ŵ͵ߵţ飬ֿ˿һĹɽʱС˸С̫̫֪˶ãһʱ̾һ⣺
ǰԹǰⶼõ
⻭˲䶺ôӵڴ齱ϵˢˢЦֹµ飬ڴʱ˿̣ʼɢ˿
ٳٳǡ
͸ҩƵģೢڱܹϰˡ
ɽСιţȻԵòӣѺȣµľֹ£һһڹԹԳˣɴ߿ں󣬽ģٶԽԽ㿪ʼʱšüʱΣʱ죬죬հ̾СֹţԸţѺȵҩƵģһίģ
Щҩ͸ԷƵģţɲҲøԷƵˡ
⼸ڶ̲ˣÿһָΰ
̾ţһİԹԼοȰԼ
ֹСģѵʻ
ãֻ֪ʲôֿʼ˶ףͷѩˣȥѩ֪ɷ񣿡
΢΢ŴЦһϣĿɽͰš
޷ǾΪܶɽеһס
Ƶóȷʵ󰮺ţ顣
ɽȴ߾еţ飬üܽţȫ꣬Ҳ
ɽЦſŰ
ȫꣿ
治С
һڶԲˡ
ּɽһյı飬дţǽţȫˣҲǲܵ顣
ûžûţûžֱ˵õƵô
һʱͷɥ
ɽɲܾǰŲƴٲԵ㣬ȫõˡ
ǹɽɷ˵ĽӼ͵˰ߣһιº󣬹ɽὫջʱȴǰһҧסӣһݺݵĿ
ɽ
죺
ƣ
£
ɽʱЩˡ
һΡ
ûİǸ꺢ͯƵġ
²޵ܵǣ˼õֶûУ׵С£ûСʲô
ˡ롱һʱɽֻ΢΢һ۵ȥ
˳ȴǽɿƫ˹ȥҲϳˡ
ɽ̧ü·𳹵ˣãվǲòѣ̤ȥʱܿȥһѩһССѩ˶͵˰ǰ
ѩ˻֣ƴСѩСб۵ģźȤɰʱϲſϳŹɽ̧̧°ͣһ⻹ġ
ˣɽûֺſڡ
ţ󣬹ɽѣҶιӻʮǿ˻Ƿʶſ˴ţι˼󣬹ɽֺܿŰ˯ˡ
ƣ۵İܿۡ
ơ¶˳ʱǵô˽ǸСѩ˷ĴͷˣʱˣҪ˺ÿ
Ӧţ˵áһ˳ģ
ſţ˫΢΢һ졣
á
ڴ˸ǰ͸صСʱ̫ǰƵģ롣
ȿ곤̷꣬ģʵСʱĿ㽾ģᣬȴᣬ̫ǰ͵ˣ̫ʱʱЦǸСͷҲ̫ǰԣ̫Ķˣȡ
Ǻ󣬼˺ǵļʹ棬ίߣּ֮Ӯ컨һ٣߲ȵͣ䣬ֺ󣬱㽥顣
Ϊ̫ߺӱҪȾ컨ʱůˣڣûдˡ
̫Ĵͻ飬ʵ̫Ӣˡ
̫ˣڻдˣǿǹһˡ
̫˼Ȫ֪ҲܰϢˡ
˵һѩһգһ궬µĵһѩ
̫ްѹգϲβǵĽɽܴһƬɫһƬɫ
˰ºŲ԰׵Сָ˼ɫȻһжõλ˴˵Ϥ̷
˵Ҳ֣㲻ڸղֹˣȻЩǾ񽥽
Դ԰ǸΣǹɽλӵġҩãһһյĺ
Ȼйλӣ¼߶߶һ죬ʣַ׷׽ɫᣬֻΪλԼļɻ䣬¹죬ǼڣҲûʣȻ֪ţʭ֮ģȻô󺰴ˡ
˵ɽӱר˶ʮͷţ򣬰ʳõЩţ鰡Ǵϸģ˵ÿһչɽԼԡ
Щ档
䣬ߥޣֻ˵ýζĭɵĲƭ㣬ţôɫģȫǰɫģͷһɫİߵ㣬ÿˣţòһˡ
ЩȺ׺ģһֻֻϿɰˣˣȺĸһֱˣİһֻСᣬô󡪡
ֱȻһ£ëë׵ģѩˣ仹ССȫǷɫģϿɰˣʱĽУһʼЩңһ߽һƨɺͷţˣҸһѲݣѻҵѥˣϺˡ
ǰɪСͻͽĸ顣
ðȼˡ
ϧɽüֵ齱ţǸã̫ʱͷɢɢɹɹ̫׼ԺһȾ˲
ЩӰȷʵ˰ºʵЩˣֻŹɽļڿҪͷˣմֵˣӵ˿ɿסˡ
չɽһˣ飬ּϽ°ߥޣڽһƣˣҪȥСᣬҲҪСѥ


80 
, ңѩѽڣܺϣһǳǳİס
͵һ̤, Щġ
ϴ˺İ, ͷһѩ׺, ϲźɫ¹ƤСѥ, ѥֱϥ£ý, ͷؽ, ·, ߵߵġ
ϴɴڷ, ͷϻë׵ëñ, ȫֻ¶һ˫۾
ǽΪ𣬺Ű㴩ġ
Щӿɳƻ, ò׵ȰӴЩ, ͬһȥ棬¶ſ, ͷǸ, ǵý㲻ɡ
һ·ߵԺ, ȻԶԶıʱʱһ㡱㡱Ľ
ô, һһؽ˼ƥԣ˵лƥСĸ, ɽʰϲϲ, , ȥ, ƥʵڹѱȥ˹ɽ˵˵ѱٴðһˡ
ټȴ뼸ǰľ´ྶֻͥһΪһģһ뾹ţȺ
ǰɫţͷǺɫİߵ㡣
һοţһʱ΢΢ۣʮ棬ֻţţһȺһͷһȺʮͷ
ΪܴţɢԶԶı㿴һֻĸಽĸֻСᣬѩɫģССһֻûĸСȸߣ̺һֻɰˡ
С׸⡭
С׸⡭
óԵˡ
ĳȺһɤӣ漴Ȧ˰Ѳݣ˲䣬ԶȺȫ
Сȶ̣ܿ䵽
ĸȥСһƨһѣֳŽлݷһۣȻһ£ֱСˣֱ
СһίֱţһֻС̵İ˹
ǿ̺ĽĶˡ
߽˲żֻС䣬СС춼ǳɫģëë׵ģ׺ģɾòˣ͸ϵƲƵġ
ȡһƬСҶӳС˻Ρ
СῴĸһۣССС˹
һĿȦˣǲˡ
½СҶ˹ȥһۼĸһѵˣСᵹƢãûֻһ޹޴վԭزϵСţ㣬㡪
ǰͷֻСһһ²ŵأ·𻹲֪ʲô
ȡƬҶӣҪݹȥʱͲסˣ˳ι
±㽫Ҷӵݸ˰
Ȧ⣬СȦСѧţ㡭
㡭
ѧģҲʮ
һԵĽºŮȫ̲סЦ
ȻһлСΪѰͬƵĺܿӦ˷ѧе㣬㡪
㣬㡪
Сһ˵ġ㡱㡱˹ûȳ԰еСҶᳯŰָĶ˶˲䡣
תһ˷ܵ쿴ңϲҡ
¼ЦŸ͵ɲǣǿĸϲСӶǼ۹ء
ȴЩ߷߲ƽߣƾʲôƾʲôι˺üſ׽ң㷽һ׽ˣߣСӶ֪߲ȵˣͷ㽫ˣСӣ
һ߲ѣĳСвš
һɿסСֻ۶䣬㵱ĵɱС׸ˡ
ͷϲ˲䡢СԴŶ˭ҲҶ㣬ôɰҿĸö㣡
һ˵ţһ߽еҶ˺һСһСȥСߣСģԵýζ
ĸԶĿš
ܰˡ
ƫҪֹܵǸ緢ˣȦеţɶҪĶǵģ
һüɫ

һ¡
ģ˳˵ȻΪǸΪ˺Ϊ˶ǧЩ˹ôɲΪ˸㲹ӵģ
һ˵ţһ˰ǰָָȦţǵֻҪգֻҪֻҪտֻ
˵ţŰֻСһֻҪɿ򡪡
һüŪۣɫ
Сһѱ˻׽ֻС㳯Ž·ȥǻˡ
ߣǻˣĿ
ҲŲԣ
Ǹ˵ˣ㲻Ҳóԣ
˶Ȧһš
һһȺ
ʱľͰˣԭǵ˼ţʱˣһ˷ŪߣԼ㿪ۣһιСӳԣðֵĽŲ㡪
㱧Сһֵߵߵȥţ̡
ûпţ̣˲ſţкü̡ͷȻ֪ţһȻ̷ͷģ䲻һȻֹס΢΢һȡ
Ȼôֵģûгףڱϰˣڱϡƽһ飬·вκ䲻밲ۣЩš
䣬һ̣»ֵ֣ߵ߳ŰҪҲԣ󣬲Ȼûֱˡ
ֵЩʱճԵ̣ɶǸԸ㼷أһӱܼСͰ
԰գɺˡ
һţһյţǰѹ
ֻסɫ̣һ˲䣬̱ðˡ
Ȼˣȴ֪ΪΣȻ͵һѽת˹ȥ֧֧ǡգҡҾͲˡ
˵꣬к򣬱Ҫܡ
ʱɽ糾͸ϻظвŸСֽȺţŲδͣظֱӣϵ֪潪СһȥԺι򣬶ʱüһֱӸĵֱԺȥˡ
ԶԶı㿴һڼţ顣
ɽһ£󣬻ûü߽ԶԶбŸСͷת˹
ɫλţû̧ͷ·
ɽϺɫĶ񣬽ֱһſűطʺİһͷĻ
һûӦĶܿ˳ƺϣͬСһ¤˻С
Сһֱš
һͷɽǸӲ°ֱӳǶȿ󣬲ǶȿɽŶ󣬷Խϱˡ
һ̣°һգɽŷŴֱ̼ӵ˰ϣ΢üͷ󣬿ôܡ
ɽ§Żе˶࣬˵š
͵һɽ˷εĻ棬ҪŹɽӣ룬ȴǹɽ΢΢΢Сʲôܣʲôţ
˵ţĿһ̧Զһۣ˫һУһʱѹ˴ս֣ѹýжܹ˵ÿʳõţ鶼΢Լģˣ
˵ţ£ɽֲ֪Ķһ׼ȷס˰֣漴Ṵ˫ֿɲһ˫̵֣ҪҲü
ɽһ˵š
˹˹ģòӡ
Ȼһ䣬ȴǣŰֱĳ


81 
, Էһ󵨾ٶŵûʧɫ
ֻЩ㶵ģЩһʱֻЩɫͣ, ֻЩŵĻͷ, ͷϵˡ
һ, Ӧ, ʶرҪڼУȻеûü, ϶ԷЦЦĻЦ, ָֹס, ɥʧλˡ
ﲢǹ뷿, ǡ, յģһл˾֪ˡ
ɶˡ
Ȼ, ָĴһһĴش, һʱСһƬͨ, ˲Ϊɫ
ֻЩš
ôܡܲҪӵģ
⻹ʶĹɽô
Ǵ, ʮ⴦Ů, Ǿֹ, ܿߣɡͬǰк
ǸͽӣҪ
͸˸ֵɽ, ŵָһ, Ҫ
Ȼָȴѹ, Ƭ̶á
Ѻ, ʵ̽ĳȻ֪ǲǶԷ¸źϣȻˣֻôġһ
˲ҪֱӵγѪ
㡭֡
һʱ𷽲ŹɽǾ仰𷽲Ž¼̵ĶʱַֻݺݵسŹɽǳš
Ȼѹ˵պ޵ĺǳɽĶȴĳֽ
ʵûгɻ֮ǰʹѪգ긻ǿȴʵûж
ɽϲ䣬ϲ䣬ȫջ꣬ȴľϣŮˣǲ磬κ롣
һγζ»֮ҹֻþ͸̹ſٵƵģֱܵĸо
ʱ󲡳ӻʮֽʹЩζȴҹڷʵûĥŵܿϢġ
ں·Ϻֹ񲻶ϣҲܿ콫ǳζԺ
ȴҲʱʱҹλʱԻζ»֮ҹΡ
мε᲻ĵز
ŵζԵֲƷеζȴڻصֻھ꣬ȥƶ϶˼Լƽˣȴ룬֮ûñëͷСƵģֻԼ֪ÿնްչҹ̫̣ǹƼħƵġ
ζ̫ˣֻ޲ȡ
ԭ̣ܽů糯ЩֱĵĴʻ㣬ȴгһճΪʵдա
ֻ޳̫ҲʱʱԺڣ֪ˣ֪ˣյһãǸϵİǵţҲýصĹҹˣڳһ°µĹ򱼸ǽ˸Խġ
ʡð׻ϱ޹˱Ų˵߻˷ĺӣºÿÿòʧ
ͷˣɣողĥЩŵ룬ҪĹͷֹͣˡ
̫ްţȻ̰οĹȣǸӣټТ˳ɽ֪ٵаĹûķˡ
أһϣȻĵһһյĺͬģⲻ˿ʼ
ֻܿܳԣǰܹܣһ˵ˣܵס尾
ƽûлᣬҲڿġТġˣʲôͷֻܴסǧѷĻ񫣬ˡ
š
˺ƻɽǣü˵š
ȴ뵽ɫ滹ǷĺÿСҰףˡ
Ҫÿնһźˡ
ȴɽĿһʱĿɿڴƿԣûƵģ˱𾪵ˡ
ţǰɽô
Ҫ֪ŮɫڻʼѧԺǻǵרʻأʼѧԺ˵Ĺʶ
ôС͵͵·ʱӣ͵͵üĿ飬̷ֽµĿҵ·ʱװӲʣ͵͵ͷֶǲ
ʱDͺعԻסˣһǰһԴףڰǰϸСǡĸ˷֣֮ð䶼Ҫˣʱÿһζ󣬵Dͺعÿÿָ߰Ĳһ䣺ҺǸ粻Ůɫ˿Щ˻
ԣҲȻΪɽǸŮɫġ
ȻɽӱһػʹҹʱѵùȥкСĻһǸ硱ȴûô£
ҲԺ󣬰裬סҲûжƹչ˵һˡ
ɪʲô
Ǹսϴ˼꣬ѰӢ˼ôʲô˲ģʵ۾˾ҲùԹԻô
ʲô
һССġǸ硱Ϊ˰һ衣
˺Ҳûٻˡ
ˣǸ硱ҲŮɫǿڰĿסˡ
ȻԽȣ񷭳㷭Խ
ðɣȻɽڴ֮ȷʵ̰˳ˣѰЩҲȻ˲٣ȴҲǰպ˧ļ̳ˣǸ˹˸Ӳٰ
ĸɳ˲Ҫ
Ǳ̬ô
ֻ޲ÿֻ
ڣĶֱӴ䵽С£һ£һ֣ʵѹƲʲôŵ
Ȼ˲֪ȴҲݲˡҪо
Ȼ֪ԼǶԷĶ֡
Ҳ֪ءĹɽȷʵ˺ü£ѱﻵˡ
ӲĲУֻˡ
ҧҧõ沿裬СȡߣС׸ⶼѹˣ㡭ƣУ㡭ѹˡ
ŬŬ죬˵㻳еСᣬŹɽ㡭㻹֡
ȴǹɽ֮ģҲѹףӲģӲģԽѹͷôߵ㡭
ɽЦ˵š
ȻûֱһĨЦЦٶһʱ˹ĸ
ʱٶ৵һ졣
Ҫ֮ʡ
ƫʱͷ¼ͻȻҪأּǸˣʱŸСľͰһˣＤ໺ƣҲżһ㼷˺öˡ
໺Ǹ磬Ǳ˭öࡪ
һֻ΢΢һ
һ̣ɽһ£ãֻҧһ˻ŪΪˡ
ɽ˫۽İɳƣ·һϤʹࡣ
Ϥİʱһôڵڡ
Ȼһ̣֪ķӦ˹ˣһ¶ѡ
Ӧ͵̧ͷ϶ԷһϷŰ񣬰ʱӦ˹
۸ǹ⡭Ϸġ
ʱֺޣƫƫʱϱҪܹˣ֣һһ֮±㽫Ϸʱ˲бʵ
ҧһ
һ̣ɽ˫Ⱦһһɿ֣漴ֻ͵صͷһŵĿ
һ£ۡ


82 
Ҫˡ
ɽûϵŶׯİǴ, ´֡
˼ˣô죿
ƺһһʱĿ
֮࣬ȴĳһʱ̾ĲĳС˷, ĳС硣
ɽ־ɫ, ʱЩ, Ȼȴҧޡ
, ϻ㵱Ҳèˡ
ӱƼ, Ҳм۵ʱ
Ȼ, ʵ뷨, ǿɽ־С, ²õһѪ
ǡô
ǵ˳ܹʱ, Ǹֵֹ֮ġ
ԶԶġ
ֻ࣬һߺ, ĳܻ߳ŭ
Ǹ䱳, ܶ˵һɵȻȣȻһ̩ɽ, ȴҲƬ̵ġɶ, ˵ɶ, Ǿɫֵֹġ
ԶԶĿһ, ôˡ
ӹǿɲŸպãǸĪֿʼ۸˿
һ˫Ŀ⣬سŶɨ, ҹ̽յƻҪϬ
һ, ɽƿ, ־ùȻԼ¶, һʱߵǰϸϸ̽ʵǸ統۸ˣ
´ֵţһ˫͸ŹӺС
뻰һ䣬ԶĹɽֻ̤˹ǷĽüһҪĵһң˭˵۸ˣǡ
ɽ治ɫ˵ţ˵˴һ٣ббɨ˰һۣǣǿ۸ҡ
ɽЦЦ˵š
ָصĿࡢĿ˰Ρ
һȡЦһжָ˲ɫٶȷ죬Ҫһɨȥʱ±һɵ˵˵ô۸ˡ
ͷʺҺڷ޶֮俪š
һ䣬ȻһȣƫɽǸȤζľڴԲѵ
һ𣬱ɽ㡭죡
߳ŭĺǳš
Ѿκ֮߳ˣûţʲô˵
Ȼ󣬹ɽͬµĿ·׷䵽˰ϡ
ɽЦˡ
Խˣ㵱۸Ǹأô۸ģ˵˵
ϻܹ۸ǣ
ʵкͬʱŮҲرǷ޶֮ദ֮һʱ˳㹰š
һ˷ܵشӣһѶסСӵŴ͡
զôˣ
ʲôòˡ
ǰǷ޶˵ǽǣ֤СӶܸ˵ֵߵߵ
ЩΣЩ죬ֻ޲ýɽǸҪĸǧˣﶯϷ˲ҪĽԵϷ
ʰˡ
ܲܵ潫ô۸˵¶˰ա
ڰСţʮ˽ģݺݵصǹɽһۺ󣬰һʱŽµ֣Ȼ̾һһεǸ粻ҳţѵҲø棬ҲŻ˾ˣ㡪
ͷĻʱֹסˡ
ֻȻ˵š
ϸ΢ɫ䣬һίģ
ɼǵ汻˸۸˵ġ
Ȼ⻰һ䣬²˲ͬĺ࣬˲ĹĳǹɽַָǸ磬Ĳˣ͸͸ѵ⿤ˣߣˣҲ֪ĸͷҪˣòײźˣȴϸŽ۸ţ˵ô޶۴֪ˣŮҪģľȥ˵Ҫʲôʱϲˣ
°ȰȰȵ˵š
˵˵ţֻĹɽɫһ٣ʱɬĿ⻺һԵİ
ϲ
ǸδĴʻ㡣
ϲ
ĥţĿ⽥һʱûĪ
͵仰ҲȻһ¡
֪ΪΣɫȻһȡ
ɽߣԶԶһۣ漴ַɿƿĿ⣬һʱ˴µҧѵˡ
һ£Ӧ˹ҲǹҪûʲôܹ˵ǸĻᣬò״סˣ˷ܹͷȰȰȵ˵ÿӣ֪Ķ
Ѻ󣬽ºܿɤӣһԴǵСǳӣǳСôձ춼еˣ˶лˣƿŶˣſͬһιСѧСˣúö˶˵ģƫһɨˡ
ߣ۸ȥ̫״ȥ
ĸƵĻ˰ǰͷ໵ĳ䵱ǰ棬İȴƵƵǹɽС°͡
·˵ߣҶ㻹ŵ
Сģùɽ̧ü̿
ȻӦʱ
ߣǱȥ
³Źɽ˸ۺ󣬱͵Ű˳ҪŻûɵļе
ǣǰһ̷İ仰С˲һ¡
һ̧ۣǹɽЦŲȥ
ɫٶһ졣
㲻Ǳ˫нˡ
ɶҾЩˡ
СᣬԲԵѰŽڡ
ŲҪȥ
΢Ч͡
ʱʰĹɽܿתЦţŰ΢ȥ׼ġ
ɽ΢΢ҪеСľͰӹ
Ȼֻûȥը㡭Ҳȥ
ɽһۣǳǳЦţʮ˳ӵãġ
Цţޱ˳ӺǨͣȻϵĻⶼҪˡ
һʱùǺ
ʮ˳ӣɰΪξĻֵֹģĻµûţ
һʱ죬޻˵
ˡ
ֻ֪ⱲҲҪţˡ
ʲô
ȥүĿ
ǣȥһ·¶һͷˮʼվֵֹ֮ģȴ̽κ
һ·ϣСŽ£ǹɽ׵ԶԶġ
һֱصӺ󣬸̤Ժţɽƫͷôˣкδʣ
ɽһ˫˰ϣشš
һ㶣̾ڶԷϸ
ҲûʲôֻǷŻһ·Щ֪ǲǴ̫أų˺ʪС¡
ǲ˲ԵʣܾԴⷬúϱһֱЩ
Ͼ¹û̫ͬҽ
ʱȻһֺ̽ܿ첻ˡ
ֻǣŻʱЩڻ⣬ӣţһʱᶯ˶û뵽ɽ
ɽ컬ͲҪԾһղͬ˵ˣһڱ㱻ˡ
ڵһ֮ʣʱºһףʲô
ֻ̽ͷСسŰ׽˸ʲô̯һ˲Ŀɿڴʭӣ㳤ʭ
⻰һ䣬ֻѸٿ˽ģһֻССĺڳ棬СۿɺԵĵزȴƨɹĹĵģͷһѪ
Ѫ
ʭ

ţ˲ε˹ȥ


83 
˵Żصʱ, ˶ȻڷŶ
ʭأ
ðϾʭأ
ʭʲô
ǿСؤϲŻ᳤ĶǿǶϲŻ᳤Ķôܹأ
ⱲӶûмʭӣ
ǻʮİϳֹΪ˼顣
ֻŹ˵ͷ˽Ů걻ӻعʱ, ȫ±ʭ, ǼµŮȦͷ÷з, ڵļλڻʼԺʱǣ, ˶ԶԶģ±ǸȾˡ
ǶܾЦ䡣
ϳʭ, Ǳ˳ȥ, óΪЦ
˭, ǴеŮ·, ôܹʭأ
ͷҲ벻, ô᳤ܻʭӵġ
Īǲ⼸£û˸ӵԵʣǲӦð, ߵŮǶ֪, նҪԡ۹η, ÿҪϴ, ÿҪҩԡ, ˵ʭ, һ˿ﶼϡ
ǻ˯ڼ䣬ƱҪϴġ
οⲢǰͷһط˯, Ⱦ컨ʱ, ô, ʱô, Ƥ㶼ʭӣôŲ£һʭأ
У̷ŮǲͬĹɽƫһ˳أ
ǱһֻʭӸŪľʧɫ
ѹѰⷬԵɣݽȫеϸϸһ飬ϵãͷϣΪǧ˿ɲϤپˡ
ǣԡϴһͷһͷİ飬мȰġȻһ˽ееı죬еĲƥϵĵ̺˸ַõͷϴɹ
ǣ̼
ǸԼѬ㣬ǸԼҩԡ裬רҹϣ֪ǲԼĴܾԼĴڷɹܵĴһʭ
æȻ죬ֻûӸˣͷɽѵЩ򶨣ĬĬĶһԿţʱʱľһڲ裬Ĵ󶯸ɸѵݣûκκˣҲûа
ôԵʭ˲
趼˿һʱϴͷʸͷ󣬳ʱﾹ˻裬̿ţյͷ˼С٣ɽǯطš
õüͷһѰ˼صĶֱ˰ϣ󲡳ϴôõġ
˵ţ˻Կ
ȴ˼ô࣬ơ¶˻š
Ƽδԥһ£֧֧ڴ齵ϻ׽ֻСģ׽һֻǸɾٲʲôˡ
ʵš
ԣȴͷһըֻͷҪֻ˶Ҫˡ
ʲô
϶У
ҲУ
ԣȫ¶ʭӸˣ
Լˡ
ٺϼɤӣðһӢ²ñô˰ա
һ磬ɤӶˡ
գһɥֱʵ֪ЩʭǴĶôôȻͳˣǰûеİĪ⴦ˮ⣿
׷š
Ǵǰͬɽ˻鴲˻һ꣬ǹ̫С»鲼õģǶ˵Ļ鷿һ׼ŵǴ齰Ӷˡ
ɽˡЪ˹·Ҫ׷Ȼ
Ū壬·𶼳Բ˯ˡ
룬Զ˵һ򶨵ǷſȥȦȾϵġ
˵ţɽƳǽµֻ̺ųһţڴ˯СᣬؽƵֻ¶Сϣ·ָ
˶٣ɽּΪ˵ˣӲŸպãЩʱӾʵͬǷѾͷһֵģȻҲմЩˡ
ɽڵ˵š
Ѿ˵һƽȡ
ȰҲŹɽĿ⳯ѩ׵С᷽ԶԶĿһۣȻСѩѩװףȥɸɾƬ̺ܿ췴Ӧ԰С׸֮ǰδˣȾϣȾȥġ
οӷǰ㿪ʼЩˣղȥȦȥȦ˸ӴŰ
һʱšüͷ˹ɽһۡ
ǣһֱڤ˼룬֪סĽЩסˣһʱҧҧ̲סڵ
룬ŸһڣĹɽ䲻һʱֹס˽µĻͷ
һɣŹɽ濴ȥֻɽװģļ漴˵һºŰﶼУΪ棬ǲСĴĶݵģˣֻҪɾ˱ˣӳĪҪΪ˷ǵĺãģΪ򲻻ģ
ɽһĿ֡İοŰ˶٣΢˹һѿΪȥ׽ֻŵϣ㵱Ϊ򴫸ģΣ
ɽȤţһ»СС»޵̬
ȴŹɽֻĴЩ֣ĳȴ˵
һʱĿֱֱֱſţǹɽȭһܿ˰ߣĿ·͸Źӵ顣
˫˲һУֻһ»عӣϬĿɨ˽µ£ǲʲôң
¶ʱҧ˴˿ֿǹɽһۡ
һҲûǹɽʹɫˣֻ˲ҧҧմǸմģ
һ˵ţͬʱƳ˹ɽһۣĵߣǿˡ
ԣ˲ۣϸ˵
µմʭӣģһԺԺӶŵϵɧζζ˵ʮϴһ裬һ¶棬кںĳӶΧҷΧһȦ
±ἰ˵Ȼ棬ľֵū֪Ƣԣռ˱ɴֻ÷ӽ˿ӣ
ʵ˵š
˴£òܹ˵ˡ
һ䣬ū֪࣬մһߣūǱϸϸȫɨһ飬ȴ뻹ÿܿˡ
һھε˵š
¼ÿ˵һ䣬ֱϵļƤֶðһ㡣
ʲô
ʭӣ
ʮϴһ裿
жںĳӸȾˡ
θһڡ
ֱϵļƤһһðţոսʸɵǧ˿βֱֻɤӣʿˮأҵأأ
ɤš
һ䣬һ̣һԵĹɽ䲻һֻ۹۱ǱǹĵĳŰһҾʲôΪͻȻ鷿ҪҪ飡
ɽɤӣǿмһĨɫ򱡴ЩʱΪ㻤˼£鶼ˣۿӣΪµҪˣδЩæ뿤գΪ򡭡Ϊȥȥ
ɽһһ˵š
һ䣬Ӧǹɽһ˦䣬תŵĨͣˮ˲俪ˡ
֪ӦİһǵȥıӰҧǳɽ㡭վס
һǳ⣬ߵſڵǵӰһ٣Ȼһ̣޳ޱȵ˫Ⱥܿ㳯һ磬һ±˴š
üһһ·ݵ׷ſڣֻóȭеɽ˵
ãߣ˺бⱲӱٿ뱾ķŰ벽
ӦһƬĵԺ䡣

óԺֱżС
飬ʭӾɽġ
װС׸⣡
˵͵ģ
ллգ
үģ
װү޹βǣ
ֱɷҲ


84 
ķ˴µʱ, ŴʭžĶǵĹ˾߳
Ϊ˲¸ͱȥˣרŻšˮȥ⽪СӵĿڣν˲, 
ٲȻΪˡʭšΨһߡ
ڹɽǸΨһ, û׷Ź, ø, ýֱ֮زز󣬰Գ׹رķ, ǵ, ҹﲻš
ŵĨô
жԶԶ, ⱲĪˡ
, غʭӵⳡ־, Թɽ˰Ժǽ˰´Ĵ, æµʱ, ڸһ䡣
ʱһΣܿ첽β, ָһ, ³⽫ʼ, ֪, Ѱ˽ʱˡ
꣬ÿβʢ², Ұϲ, ǼҰ, ͻѩ, ǼʫԣַǷ
Ȼ̫ްţβĹ磬ʡȥ˼෱Ƚڣһͳͳ졣
ڼϸ͵£ı̫ľ⣬ټϾǷͷʢǼλ񶼻Т˼ңʼմ״ʵŵڣʶĴڽ굹ࡣ
ϦҹСﵹȻֵıһÿζ
ǰôͷһزڹйϦ
깬ַǷƷĹԱԻЯҴ빬磬ʹһֵһ죬깬Ȼ˳Ϧ磬ȴ˵һдӼ䡣
ŹʱɽѶ빬μӳϦˡ
仹Тײ߶ϦȻ磬ֻǰԵƾˡ
ӵ˳ƣڹ˼꣬Ϊ˼ңΪĻĸΪĸ
˼ҵĳϦϹҪ࣬Ͻ꿤ТлſͣϦ̫ѵԳɽԸеĸ˽ӡ
ǽеŮһģ򽫾˶࣬Ůȴ٣شӳ˺Щ˹ȥæ̫ڱԷڴҪԸȫ˰ӣҲȥˡ
ȥʱߣæˣһֱմ۵ֹһ棬ʳָմ۳Űһ㣬Ū˸è
޷ֻҲ˳
ӣ¾Խ
ɣִܿѧˣһֺԲĽӾͰ˳ȽµİĻҪÿ
ĽˣһҲҪȰĸÿġ
Ȼ˵ĽԽԽԽԽͷҪˣŮʹЦ
˿æһ硣
Ͻʮ˰ȥˣһҹӹܱ
˵Ҳ¶棬Ըһģʱһֶ˼̡
Ӹȫ˷ȥһȥ˱ԷҹҹҪһֱԵʱڼ䣬̫ͽһ˰˸
ͷģһӵĽԪСҶӡ
¸˻ˣæ̫ͷꡣ
̫ѵѵøЦͷСͷЩ޳ȥ
̫Ȥš
һ㶼ɬһ̫ĸ첲ŲˣһӾڽˡ
ЦųŽϴ˴
һһСûѪԵϵȴʤ
Щȣǻĸڣǰһͻĸˡ
Ƭ̺󣬼̫
ԥһ£Ҳ̫ܿͷ꣬ףĸɺ׳޽
̫Ҳѵû˰һһʱЦŵͷſӿƽ˳졣
һ䣬һ䣺øǸСӡ
¼üŪ۵˵š
̫ЦųһõС
ͷ
һӵ˶Ц
΢΢Щ죬˽һۡ
Ҫʱʱ̫迴һۣܿ˸ľϻӹ̫Ű̫˼Ҹģӣȥա
̫Ȼ˵š
䲻ֻ̫ɫһ㶣ûзӦֻ̫еķ̫ǰȥ̽һ⣬̫תġ
˵ţ룬˶Ҫޱӣ̫˼ⶣҪϲӽ㡣
̫ڰ΢˫ӹЦŴȤš
ع󣬸æᣬľϻӽ˹ֻľϻӳģЩ
ʱ̫˵ȥɣȥưɣһٹǡ
ľϻӣѹƼˣŵ̫ԣ۸ˡ
һ·ҴҸϻӣҴҽľϻӴ򿪣ȴͷһʼҵ
лʼׯʼ棬Ǯׯ̣һֶֻղסһǾλõׯȫǴڻʳǸ£һ飬һŽǸ͵Ʊ
˵⣬ľϻﻹһżĶ顣
ϵ䱦ǻݻҫıǻĸǰΪ氮ĵһݳƷ̫һϵ
̫һΣһ̫֮գһǱµǻ֮ϡ
̫ʮ٣̫˼Ҷ᲻
ԭΪöóϮʺУȴ룬̫˼ҾŶ
ûֻƬȴ˰ⱲӶĽǮ䱦

л˵
Щ̣Щ


85 
ô, ǣõĸ۸ðأ
˵ŸոսǸľϻӿʼ֮ʣʱžȻһ
ճϦظµŮǷ˼, һԺ˶ںͷһҹˡ
нźš
ŻԺʱԺѾ˵Ժſһյ, ŵӹȥæȥ, ʶַǷѵþĵġ
ͳʱ, ڿﴫ˵Ļ
ĨϤк󣬰Ȼһ, 漴ɿ콫˹ȥ, æָ͵͵ᡣ
ȻָĶδͣ, һݵӰѵ˸ǰ
ɽһº, ĶֱӴű, Ĵ󲽿룬۷·һ, ڵĺɫë˳, һţ½, ֻõ͵͸ŹӵĻ, շ糾һĸĸ, յĿŵ͸ֹϢ
ѵģģ
ǵȻ, ɫӣǰһԸµġ
һվš
һš
һͷ
һͷ
ĬĬһۡ
˽üĿ˫Ŀǡ
Ů˫΢, 泯С͸ŵķɫ, Ľëʪ, ۼδ, ֬δʩЩǱ泯ȴ͸Źӹׯȴƫƫҵ
ĬĬƬ̡
ЩΣޱӱץܸЩ˵ģһˣõ¯ˡ
ɽߵͷ˵̲סʵ㡭ôˣ
һţһװµϵݡ
ɽüŰȥĸ֪ӱֱӹˡ
ȴû뵽ץһֻ䵥С
ôظˣ㲻ǲμӹôʱ硣
Ʋ죬ԹɽķӦɫ
ɽȴ˹ûðĹ磬ϯȻʧɫˣȤһˡ
ɽ٩˵š
ǵ٩ȴûпζ
ĿĹŮŵڶŵһˡ
깬ʱÿÿ̫ңܰٹٰݻᣬνޣṬҫ۵һĨɫʣŮɫĹɽÿһ벻עĨ¶ѡ
Ȼ̫ˣ̫ǸλÿˣͬһĨҫ۵ɫӰֻʣ»ʺ͹ս׷ɣǹս൱ȤĽ
ǳϦȤģٿɿ겻֪أȻζƬҲסˡ
ɽŵЦ˵š
Ȼһ⻰ãʱ΢΢һ̣ɲǣ겻ڣЩŮǵ۾Ƕ֪Ķˡ
Ů䰮ĽſʵȴµŮ㴩ʲô޳УЩ鱦ΣЩķޣЩĵ㣬ŮϴԲűͰ͵һΪһһȵʢͰͿչʾˡ
һνî˾
Ȼһֻ꣬Ҫаڣһҫ۵顣
ȻЩſǽҲ˲۸ˡ
룬ǲţŮͨɱˡ
ҪԸŽ
ɽ΢΢һ飬⸱ƤģӵˣһʱÿһϥʳָŰһ£ҹزΪȥǰͷػ͵͵㵽ˣţ
ɽһ߻ţһ߽ʳָһ̧뵽£ָá
š
ĿȴǺһһۣһȻ
ȴϵޱˣ֪۾ˡ
һ䣬ɽָһָ̧ϹһžӨᣬǹɽոմӰĽëϹġ
ǿȻ۲ĲҷŸϴһϴˮ
ŶɽüһʱֱָһͣĴ޳ָһ£漴Ұ죬üͷһ͵͵ϴˮ̵ġ
ɽЦЦ˵š
˵⻰ʱָ´ϡ
Ĵָܱܳ
ʵʮϡƽľٶ֪ΪΣţĪֽԸУ΢ɫζ
Īһȣֻһŵ㡭вɣϴˮ
һɵƵı鿴Źɽ
ɽȴΪȻġҶܳԣοϴˮ
ɽЦ˵ţ˳ϴˮֽеס
ġʲôܳԣ
ʲô
û˵ȴ͸Ź
ʲôʲô
ԣ֪ںЩʲôȻȴʶغ˼룬ʱವһ죬һʱҧ˹ɽһۣ漴ôûаûĹˣʼͷר־һһŻĸһӲƸ
ôһͣҲѹˡ
ϰŵԽԽľźȻʶƲ¶飬ʱһĿŹɽ㡭ȥ
һ䣬һ࣬æס˹ɽߣӲƸһ̸£˻
ɽӴģȴ̲סʧЦкãΪͽЩϤһԺˡ
˵գɽƬ̣ʼ˵ʳǸ»ׯʮ»ׯʮֵӶʮе̣ӣˣǮׯʮĵǧĶС
ɽŲɨһѼ˴룬ǹĿ
Ҫٱ˲伱ˣæҧʵ㡭죡
ֵ㡭
ĻУļҲȫ
˲һҿɾ㣬ɲҼҲ⣡ɲҵ˽Ǯ
ɽ˲ͬըëСҰè˲̿ΪǿļҲΪΣ
Ҳû룬ֱſڱǣΪҲ֪Щ̵ǺǮˣҶ˵ˣڱʱȱݣ¶նӣ̫ھǸǳＯݼʱȥΧģߣݲɳ͢ôôֵý˽ˡ
Խ˵Խеĵصýģһ˽Ǯ⡣
Ҳ֪
ɽʱЩؿŰ
ɼǷѾͷĵ׿ȫ˷ŵǰˡ
һΣȴ˵һ򶨵ֻ֪̺Ǯȴ֪ͳ˧ҲܹǮġ
ŶǮֶʱ£˲ֱӣ˵
ɽڰ棬ڹ˼ҵġ֮
˼ڱͳ˧ʮ꣬ʵ⼸ʮ͢ĲҲѹϣʮǰ游ҲϹ˺ۣ͢սɳǳ󣬹˼ұѿʼԼ߽ʮʿǴһ·
˼Ҵͨͨľ֮·⼸ʮѽƤë鱦սԴԴϵԭֽԭ˿񡢲ҶԴԴϵؽء
׬ЩǮ޽ر߽ǳأάʮʿǵؿӪ
ȻӪԶֹڴˣ׬ǮͶغͷκͷֻĵӪա
ʮͶ룬ѽѻһҲŵıؿˡ
ȻЩֻǱӪǰġ
ɽ԰Ҳܻ䣬Ǯۿͬҳ˼ҼҲϤġ
ȴϣԺ󣬷ǵû¶κλϲɫɫһƽ棬Щţãɨ˹ɽһۣôЩôһ
˶٣ãһ䣺ֵЩ˼ɵǼңǼҡá
˵ţһֻĵǹ˼ҽûк³ա
˵ţ˲ЩסˣҲһȥգ
ɽ
ۿſһԽԽԶ޲ø޵ļơ
ɽһʱ̧üġ
أ
һ̣ɽ룬ֱߵ齴齴ͷİ򿪣ӰͷȡһƴСľϻӣ漴ֱݸ˰
֪ҪæϻӴ򿪣ֻͷһƽƽƣͭģССһö
ǿƣһɵʲôĻ
ɽЦûࡣһʱֻ̿գ˹˼˽ɵһЩӣ̻ͷ
ɽʮֿƱ͵͵˵š
˶٣ֵ˹˼ǣֻ轫öУ̫ƽɱǡ
˵ţϸϸ˰һۣ漴ǳǳЦţŰϲֻȥǣ
ɽһƽ˵ţƽ÷·𲻹ǵݸһ滨ࡣ
Ȼﻰ⣬ȴַ
ȴôôڴţء
ʲô˽ɱ̫ƽǣ
׳һܹ
ּɽóóȻ˼ҵļҵȡһöƣȻĽöƽ˲Խˡ
ף쿴ôˣԭţϷأ
еƣŹɽЦһ
ЦЦţɽһɫĿ
ϵЦݶʱסˡ
öƿɵЩҵ
΢΢ʵ
ɽɽصҵա
ɽϧ
ģöƿɵٲҵأ
ʵʵǣֵǮ
ɽ룬ϧӦ޿ɹ
΢΢һ£ƴе˳ȥӦһ£ɿһ޶˹±ɽƵġ
仹ţҪǳ룬ûڴʱ˿ƮƮƮǰһžȷķӦжϡ
仹ţȻ˫ֵʵϣѽöУ̽ٴοʵ㵱潫ң
Сš
һ䣬ʶʿˮ
ɽͷֻȥǣ͵Ĺͼ꼪
˵⻰ʱϵɫǵ˼СƵģִ󷽵Ľ
ȻС˲ֵǮ
ֵ٣
µùɽڻŪˡ
⡭˵ǳϦҹպҲӦõģɡյδҲ̫޴̫˰ա
ɽûлǸ˼ҵĲҵһɽһɽ
޴Ľɽ棿
ʧķ˲
һֱûȫţΪ⹷ڶˣһʱһӣֱ㽫öͬĸĶϰµһһʱ֣Ҳŷܵռ˴󷽣ǱָӳΣ
һ䣬ɽ̧漴Űһ̧֣Ϊ
һ䣬ë޵ĵ̺һ
ú󣬷޶˱һ·ȥ˱Է
һֱ˱Է󣬰û͵͵ȥѰ´̽ŵ֪˼ȥʱһµԭǣȴǰ飬һϵβ͡
ǹɽŸǿ飬һ
ܵˡ
ǡǹɽеöǻģһöɵǧɵɽɽġԿף
ԭء
⡭⻹Ǹһֻʮٺ»Ĺɽô
⡭ϵĽǸǮģ
⡭⡭յĺδҲ̫̫˰ա
һš


86 
, ҪԼӣ
ֻųԲǣҹ̷
л裬裬͵İ׺ͺ, Ҫֻÿ
˵, Դصķֿ, ɽ㿴λӴԭ˺һ, һͬܣֱ֪˶, , ȴ͵ֳ̧Լһ, ۵˻˻
ٴ, һת, һ˲Ц绨üЦ, ǳ, ɽһϿЦݣЩҪ¶ˡ
Ȼ, ŵ׷ɿس, Ȼ, һֵİѵ, űԷͥԺţһһţСý
ɽֻڱ, ҵԴ, ġܳ
, ͥԺһ, ѹļ㽫ɵϣɽµһ˲ʶر§ſһ§ϡ
ţĻĳϡ
ǱԷ̫Ƥӵ£ͥԺͷģǷգɽˡ治ׯءǸҪģһ׼ҧıӣͷˡ
Ȼϣϸָ⳯µˡ
˵ţҪ
ɽǸҪűģģϸˣһʱ§ӣ䱾ΪҹҴҴӹ˻ϵˮδǶˣιιΪ򣿡
ɽ΢΢ͷ͵˵š
˵⻰ʱĿתضŻеӣ¹һ¡
ҹɫ£ҧҧھȥӡ
ȴϣɽȻ§š
֪ͼɫԵ˫֪ˡ
һ糯ˣȻյĵͽӱƶûǰĿˣ뵽յһСһӲӵıؿ⣬룬Ƭֻ̺Це˹ȥŹɽλεİһڣ󣬻ڹɽϣӸµĳŹɽƬ̣ȥȥ
˵ţֵͷŹɽһ¡
ڶߡ
ɽɽƵģȵʱƮƮɵѾƮԶˡ
ɽʱİ΢΢ӣߵʮĵطһߦȣʼ˽
ɽ΢΢ۡ
֪Ϊŵ࣡ǰһĻѾЩʼ粻ĸˡ
ԭΪ˵԰ӣ˵ǶѣӣϱӾʲô£ⱲӲܵȵⳡ
ȴ룬˵ǡ
³ˣ
ɽһĿӽǣĳεºܡ
Ҫ֪ǿǰڻʼѧԺǻĽӻͣ£ѧԺͷвſ½ˣЩСǿſֽŵģЩſǿϲȸԾּġ
һӰװģװģ½һ𣬴ĿбӣУ·𶼵вһֻСèС
ɽһֱãײۡ
ȴδϣƽгһգܹȵðΪϴһգ
ĳ棬Щ˵۽硣
ɽһʱ̲סű׹
㡣
𷽲εһĻֿԶ
˵ģġ
ֻԶԶВ£һֺĽ
˰ͨһǱȻӣڲ廨ۻƵģ΢΢ָ£վڲͰǰվڻԣվڻŪһƷ
ֻüȷ˼Īϡ
ΪöƵԵô
û룬ӣǸϲûư֮ġ
֪һƣһɽɽܹÿˡôýöոջؾʱ⵽ǰôͬʱֲЩڣ֪ˣ㲻ƮƮͳȥģû׼Ӧܻȡ氡磬̸һص֣
ɽЩڲʧ㰡ʧ㣡
ҹɫŨ
ºɫĵϲĶһֵľ
ԺĴʱʱںЩζ
ԶӰζ
ֻýĳϦҹ꣬·ⲻͬˡ
˼٣Ϧҹɽ̫꣬żߣȴǹһˡ
ĳϦȴǸζĳϦ
ڹɽһŲ裬һյϣһĿתŲԶΪæǰæ֮ʣʱǰԺĹܼҺͷˣͷˡ
ɽԣüͷһԶİһۡ
ɽеĲ룬ϵվİİһӣͣ
ͣ
ÿϦҹﶼͲˣʾͺͶ裬˼ÿÿǴ͵ĵһҡ
ÿϦҹ͵ĲȲʮһұܹ
ʲôϡ档
ʥ͵Ĳȣ˼һʮֹ͵ġ
ɽߵǰϣϻմۣ˽ˮմķĩԽӹӣãһ߲һڵĻ﹫
﹫ǰó̫ܹܡ
˼ҵ͵Ĳͨġ
ʶɽдһʡ
ϣܼȴŹɽüЦǶӡ
һ䣬ɽӵ΢΢һ٣˲۳Źܼҿȥ
ҲЩ죬Ҫ֪ͽ񸮵߶ÿ»ܳĳ̫ͣҲͣԳ⻹ͷһء
ȻǶӵĻԵɣȻԶ
ʶȾϼ־ϲǶ֣
˵ţһѷɿ콫ɽеӽ˹ҳϲ˼¡
Ҫɿȥӭ
ǰȴɽԭһδŹɽϿһۣȴɽ΢΢죬ɫЩ֡
ôˣ
ȥͰգĪҪö־õˡ
ϵϲɫζ䲻ס
ɽüЦֱȷŵСҪϲȸԾ˲䣬ֱһֱߵ㴩ȥͷ·ЩףʥǻȥһѰա
ֵȥĸһ
һ䣬ɽֱͿӸ¡
Լתس̫ȥ˼ͣתͷԭصİϿһۣ󣬾һ˦һ

ǵȥıӰһĪ
ըҩˣˣ
Żö˶˵ģһɫ
ôת۱ġ
ĪǺڸС


87 
´ͽѬһ, ͸һͿƷһƽ˳죬ࡪ
л¡, ꣡
˵, ӺʥϿ, һ, ̫Ϊ׵Ĺ˼ȫл
룬ȴһ̫, ̫ض񡣡
˵, Խ̫ˡ
ѵ͸ż𾴡
̫Ҳ, ֻɫʥϻ, Ź˼ҡ
ֵ͵һˡ
ٵ֪½ӿɺã, ТȴҲù, ¼ѻؾ, պöȰʥϽڰĪڲˡ
̫Դǹе˵š
ӺæЦЦ, ̫Ҷμġ
Ƭ, ̧̫۳ŶϿһ, ̫ɳս, ΪŮӣȴȶӸΪǿ˼һ˫۾, ޱ, ˵ʱһ, ֱġ
˼ҿ, ֱĳֶ߶ŵĸо˲
һֱ̹Ȼ̫֮
̫ϿƬ̣ͷ⼸治١
˵ţֿ˿ɽͰһۣŹȵɰɣ㲻ˣˡ
˵ţż͵زȻ˱Է
̫һߣڣõĿ⿪ʼһԡ
ֻׯ磬һֱ΢΢Цſ
һ꣬δϹ
ϲҴһ棬ϸȻصЩ㲻Тڣ͵͵عȴȻûл׼ա
һۿȥĵһֻۣһĴ
أͬطʱ飬һ棬ΪңΪңȴû뵽ԶиΪƽҪİ
ɪɪ
˾ضš
׷ȾЦ׷һƬʪ
΢΢ỽһɪɪ󲽿粽ȥȴԣһӰػһԡ
һɽ޷ӣ޷Խ
֡
ҲȲȹڳźȥȴ̤ӵǰһ̣΢΢һ١
ֻ֮ܿͣ˿һۡ
Ե˳һ
һԲ
Ӻ󣬵ڣûٿ˵仰ˡ
һ·ͬ·ϣѵ̽һ⡰ôˡȴĿбӣûֱӽĻȫ˶߷ˡ
ֱһۡ
ռ֣ƫͷؿһۣ漴׵ͷ
ɫ
Ҳ֪Լ
ȫʶض
ɫԻ˼֣ЩĪĪЩЦΣźȥ
֡
ǳǳЦŻţĿֱֱ˺ϡ
ҲͷĿһһ˰ϡ
˾Ķš
ã֣ʶҪͷ֮ǰʮͷʮһʶĶ
Ȼ̧˰Уһʲôֺܿ콫ջ˻ȥ
ʱûü˵ĺԳЦ
̣ȴ°һ·ָ̿źĺЦţôøƵģԱţҲҪϲˣ
ָźЦ˫Ҳ
Ӣ壬ͦ˫ͫʼɫģɫҪϼ֣Сʱʹã˵۾۾ָɫ۾ĺЦ۾ٵϼ֣ҲǸء
ԱϤѪͳôѱѪˣ룬ںﾹд˼֡
ôһټӣּϴ˷ڸ׳ˣøˡ
ءЦȤţһǰ޽٣˶٣ֻ΢΢üͷţִӽŵͷϸϸĴһ⣬ôһгջż㲻
ֽţ٩ţһʱЩԹֵĿ湻ݵģһȥô꣬һŶӻ֪Щж㣬лĸһֱ߶㡪
һԹĿź
طĻϲȸԾ
һȡЦȡЦóŪŪǨŭǨŭ
һֱᵽĸʱɫ΢
ȡЦڳŪǨŭʱʼһֱǳǳĿĿ򲻻֣ڡ
ÿһۣޱȵרע;
ֱɫһڻڵҡΪֵĴ
ɫƬָ̣ܿ糣ȻĴТûûĸһ棬պĸǹ㣬ҿɲΪ˵顣
ڣվǸϻˣټ˻ĸһ棬ûĸ㼸ʮꡣ
˵øͷβġһ
һֱɫɫɫ
һۣҴһۣȴѽĿģγϣݵøֽƬƵˡ
ִһ
ȴ޷١
Ⱦ컨ʱ˽ϣһ½Ĳ飬Ҳһ
һأˣȴûʸ
ÿһǴһŹء
οʱݳһѿݹˡ
ڴ˷ŵ֪⼸ôģðɽһ꣬ΪЩǵЦǣТ̲ס÷ǽܵǹɽ˼ܡ
ǽչ˵üá
ɫָˡ
Ҳˣ͸ŵķۡ
ȴȻߵһ꣬ǰԲ
ǸʱİϻĹĵģһνδɪɪɪɪԽòˡ
ȴ޷ˡ
ǵҪԷ⣬ֻܳԣĸģУҩ˽µˡ
ЩŮܲס㣬㣬ͷұ㽫˪͹רſ㣡
ŰһһϸϸţСšš
˪칬ĴŮ̫Ůһһϸ¡
ϣȴĿţҪţʱȴԭǵһֱĬӰڻ̤˹·ģƶŮǲȱͲ͵·ĵҪͷˡ
ǵͳ
ǶɰϽ˰µѩ͸Źӵ
һ䣬ӰһΣɽ֪̤˹˰ԣƬͷ˸ʳţʱˣĪҪʱȻõˣҹֶָˡ
ɽȻ㿪˵š
֮⾹ǣ̸ô

ö
⻰һʱ㶡
Ǿ䡰ƶûнҹСһ׼ΪȻȻСǾ䡰ƶʱʱ̲ס΢΢һ飬ֻúø˵ϹòȻαӣֱ˵ݸģֱţؼ۶գģ֪ڰǰ˵Ϲˡ
Ǿʳţ顣
˯ǰʳð룬ʱˡ
ֱԽ˵ԽϹ
һ̣ȻӦ˹
ԭǴӲʳţģԭڹͷʱ㲻ʳã󣬱ɽƵģʳþˣҲӦǹζˡ
Ҳ֪ǲţģΪʱιȡ
ܾã仰˵Щ⡣
ڡŪ
λεġꣿ
ȻĪἰţ
֪ǲĴܾ⹷˺ƶԶּΪϲ
֮չֵֹġ
Ȼʶ̧ۿ˺ֻ˿ɫãֻ죬һŮǲȱȱЩۣƣɪɪСûˣĪǽķûˮɪɪǳԲߣֻܰؿֱӰعǣͷˮ㣬סһ׼Сðֵˡ
ǺػŹɽ
˿ֿ˿ɽЩȷ桭Ըˡ
л˵
ɽŲţ飬Ҿзԣߣ㲻аգӮˣ


88 
ָ˼ûнչ˺á
λε䳰ȷ, ɽֻƳĶӣʼɫģüͷ£һô˵ļơ
ʱ, ֻСݵİ, Ŵ, ظĴߴһ飺, ûݳţˣ

һܶʼ, ֪ƣ, һһִŵĴߴţĹɽ, ֪Ϊ, Щˡ
˹ɽһۡ
һ̧, Ȼֻɫһҭɫ˼, ֻһ˦, ǹɽµճ˸ȭͷ
ɽҲֱܻߡ
Ŀ, ǳǹ̵ڿϬĶŽ, еն˼֡
, õһӵĹ, ָͬҪһЩǶ֮䲢޹ڣжӢ, ʮ, Ǵӱ̤ؾһ, עΪҫĿӢۣ
С, ʵǳģڻʼѧԺʱʦСʦĹǻָơ
𼸶ֽ̹գΪ𾴵ţȻʱ˿ֻֻ̣ȭһȭȥɴĳ嶯
ָյø¸졣
ȴߴһԵİһ̣ãվǽȭͷһɣߴӹɽһƣһʱ䵽˰ϣڷŻǿŲ޵ɪɪлҪͬ˵
˵ţһ̧ٴ䵽˹ɽϣǳһƲͬ˵仰˴˲ĵ˵仰Ĺݲ°գ
͸Źǿѹŭ
ɽһʱüֻ۹۱Ǳǹģ£ſҪˡ
ֿţҪˡ
֮ǣӾݲ£
Ȼ⻰밲
ţţ飬ţү
Ǹţ鿸ô
ҲҪĳ嶯ˡ
ôýĹĪЩء
ͷˡ
ɫĹɽͬϻһʱǹɽһۣź˵š
һ䣬һֱ̧ԽĹɽ󲽳ͷȥ
˿ֻЩ˸˼һһȥͷˣ˵ܴˡ
Ҳ֪˳Щʲô衣
Ķ磬ѻ飬ͬعһ𳤴󣬺ڰĿͬ׸ûκβ
˵һ˵ϼ强ˣǶСһҲΪҪ֪һֱǽۣ꣬໰Ҫ˵
˻Т߶
ò׽ųϦ͵Ļ߶һ⣬ͬžһ⡣
ҲܻŹɽֱźӣԶͳݣߵͥԺ
ͥԺɭɭԵĸݣɽʯ˼ҵĸۡǻױټͥԺտգΨ޺辰
Ե޺ԣվš
ĳϦŵĹ⡣
ԶûҿjֱӴڶϣԶԶĿȥֻ밵ļӰ
һŮ
ɽ׵̫ʦϣΣţһ˫ڷǱʵУֱֱͶš
һأɫƬ̲и
˵ЦӰɽϾʮֵġˬ
ǰĻ棬ء
ȴûһأۡ
ӰӰΡ
Ǹ߹عٲȻӤ㣬۵ĶԶһġ
ǵôӺӢЦӺҵǸʲôãǰ֬۶ڰƨɺͷܣպ󳤴˲罫Ȣ˵ˡ
Ǹʱ䲢޹עȴҲʶ϶Ƕ˳û׼ܹΪһԾ¡
ƷвԼߣʵǸ֮ţƲǰ㣬һ˳ϣǻ˼ȫ˰ϣ⼸˾֪顣
ڻʼѧԺǻʱʦҵռƣӣ֣ŮӣüָļǵãһָʱñֱļϿĸ첲ûüָող͸·ĺ˹ֿ̣̿ҽ̵ĶԲԡ
ܿǶ˸ˡ
Ǹʱ򣬰ٲȻӵ˽ݲκ˿Ļᡣ
ΧԳǻʼѧԺֻǹϣûκܽ
ҲǰòǣĽ˿Դӹſֱŵˣȴһܹ࿴һԭΪûǸᡣ
ˡ꣬ΧԳһ⡣
뵽ɽɫ΢΢һ١
뵽ɽһأڱ滨ֵһء
հ·滨֣ײ˹ͣڽͷӺݣʮֵ͵ȴȻ͸Ժգɽһ۱˳
ʶֹס˲ӣһ̱ƼӺȴûеһʱ뿪վڳԳų˵ʲôûһӱ㱻ͷƿˣ¶һ
⣬ŵĳ߹Ͱĸ
ŮĴߴʲô˿գֻյţûһӳŰͷĵһ£۵תԣ⣬·𿴴Ƭ̡
ֱ߹ߴ٣·ź֪ĻӣĶ˶ʲôһͷĳ滨ȥˡ
뿪󣬰߹ſ˵
ιһƷң·˰ǣָ⣬СĴָŻ˶󣬼ЦȻͬ߹˵Ż
ɽԶԶؿţԭҪҵȻһͣʱһԵӵ˼СҪҪ⽡
ĪģգǴ
һȥЩá
ͷСʱ
ӷʱ춼Ҫˡ
գһӣԹСȰȰȵһͨţȻӽеĻֽʱŻһԹԵİ˶˲۲ת·ͣ
ָССڳŵģֻ߹ŵè
գϵССڵسŵġ
̧ͷͷ
һ棬ʼӳԺ
֪ǿԶĶĵĸɿڣһ򲻰ʳĹɽʻ󣬾ʹĴŵǼӡ
ԭһ滨ӡ
Īһ滨⣬վ·߳˳
ζģûرζ
٣簲ζ
ͷ
ɫ㱼䣬ʱһȻͷĶӺ֪ӻ˸ʲô͵˿С
״·һϲ
ɽ˲ವһֱ
·ԤеĿ⣬ʱͷĺ䲻ֱ̧λεͷһǰ
ͬʱֻǺһŰͷһתͷڹɽķֱӿ˹
Ŀŵơ
ɽ״˲ըˣֱһ´վ


89 
Ȼ, ȹɽŭĸϵʱֻǺѻһ䣬һƬ¹⡣
ֻͽɽһıӰ
ɽ״˲, Ǹֱһֱߡ
һת, ǹɽԭһĶ, ƽڵ˫·𰵲һĨӿ
һ, һдһ˿Цһһˡ
ǰĹɽմӸ¥Ǹɽ
ĪġϺ
˿ɽ, תͷźȥķһ, ʱ, ֻСĿڵ, ô
һˡ, ͷתȴɽؿһ, 䲻һ˦, һԲֱתֱźԺȥˡ
Ƭ̵Ĵã
ö˶˵, ô
Ҫ֪ǳϦҹ, ϲֵ, ⹷ַʲô
Żö˶˵, С˵ƢôƵģ˵ͱˡ
Ҫ֪, Դ󲡳, ⼸, ɽշ, ٰǨͣȻˣʵڴ֮ǰһֱǲԽǨ˳ˣɫǰʹġ
⻹ͷһ⡣
ʶƬ̵ã
Ӧ󣬰ȹͰ׷ȥ׷ʵôˡ

һ׷˼ʮӭʱǹɽָʹŻּۣ̤ͨϳȺ΢谵׷׷ţŲ˳ʱڱﲻסˣʼ˦ɽ
ֵվס벻ԱְĽ
һвţڼǰǵߴӰವһֹˡ
ȴµĵ£֣һ
һ·䵽˽űߡ
סˣȴʼղͷ
·дţ
ŶԷֱͦͦıӰ֪ΪΣһ˲ֺЦֺֻ꼸ȥ
һ·ƵɽǰĿȴǹɽžһ½ת˹ȥŲС鲽ӣתţĿ⾼ؿȴּǹɽ°ͣٴνתһࡣ
ģ̲סһЦ
һЦڽƲȥ˹
ֻɽĿһԲضǶҪÿˡ
ôˣòɣ
ĿؿŹɽɫ࣬һĹɽ
ֻ΢΢ͷһƬ
ϴһ˿ЦֻһЦеȡЦ
ɽȻһԲ
Ҳͬ˵˼仰ѣ𣬻Уǲйڣβ֪
˵ţİԵϸϸһҼǵõڻʼѧԺѧǻֻʮֳ㣬ȥѰֽ䣬ǺҵԺ佻࣬ȴҲûֹκι˾ôǣĪǶ˺ʱεػֹЩ϶
һ˼ţİԵ֮̽϶
ɽһڤ˼룬ǵﶮѹ֪׷ʲôԼѾһģͬ͹ﱻըüˣأѹһֱ֪֪ν˲ֻ˸ˡ
Ҫ˦ߡ
룬ʱۼ⣬һӾסĻ䣬ӣͰʵɽ㵽ô㲻ͬ˵ô֪ô£ҪҲиͷǣĪԱǣüۣŲһѰ̫״ȥϦҹ֪ͣҸ£ñ꣡
̫ʩѹݵ˵š
أɫ͸ŵȤ
ɫİ˱£ɽܽأﺬЦ־סһһ˦ţǸģں棬֡
ɽֻЩ̡
ȻּͷֱĿ⾼ضֺȫģ
ɽٶһ򣬰Σڿ˿ڣȴǲ̲Լ룡
ȴ˦ӣҲδֱѿڵ벻
ɽŰѹһĲ治µɣؿڱһơ
û룬붼롣
ɽðһһ±˾˦š
뷢𣬱Щ
ԷˣͷҪðˣȴ֪ж
Ȼðһׯ󷽣Ϊպ޲ø߸̧°ֻͣ߹İƵģԸ̬ʾˣǳɻǰҲѵ㣬¶СŮ㽿̬
㽿̬ɽƫƫʹֻеŭ⾹ȻĪһһȫɢˣֺޣԷûûΣԼҧҧ³һ漴Ŀ⳯һֻƳһۣЩ޺޵õʲô
ɽš
ȻøƵġ
˳߽еĻֽ滨Ⱑ
˵ţֻЦеַ·滨ġ
ֵû뵽ϦҹеǲЩ⣡
Źɽ˻еֽ
𷽲ŵݸ滨ʱȻˣҪ֪滨ӿǹˣȥ˶Ų϶ӣһھչˣ˵ҪϢŵġ
ûҹˣõȺġ
ɽſеֽȻһ˳滨⣬ÿ¶ҪϺü˵ģǰȥһأظ˵ˣҪؼţδǳԲˡ
û룬ŹչĻ㱻˸һѴˡ
͸˵˻Ƶġ
ſе滨⣬ſһĨ۵Цݣ͸ڳЦƵģ·˵Ѿֱ˵㲻Ȼ˸ġ
ɽɫ˼㣬˲䣬˱ˡ
ô
滨ôóô
ոδθ˳⸱ӣ
ɽҪ˦ˡ
ƫʱ
Ҳôһ飿˰գһ飬͵͵ˣ³Σ
Ϊɽе滨⣬ѵô󷽵Ҫͬȴϣֻǹɽ˲ǽһ壬ҲԣҪԿԼԣ
˵ţɿҪ滨⣬ɽƽһգٶȷȥ
ͽ°滨ԭأһĪ
Ŀǵ֪ΪκȻĪֱӳ˵ǵӰʱſţҲЩˣһʱɫֽ򿪣Ծͳԡ
˭ȥҲܸ滨ȥ
һ滨Ҫʱ룬ʱǵȥӰ֪ʱವһȥˡ
Ҳԣ
ವһ£е滨㱻һѸȥʧ˲Ӱ
ͬʱҸ䲻һţ˱Ȼڿնˡ
ȵʱѱµĵդϡ
һƬյԵˮ鿡
һֱˮιˡ
ǰһӲǽ
ŵðһѽץסǶǽۣɪɪҧгݵɽʲô裬㻹ű㲻Ա㲻ԣñʲô
۴е˵ҹϦҹңƼ˱ӽɻȥι㡪
һ߽סǶǽ۴󺰴Уһвŷźݻ
Ȼһ䣬դϵǶǽդȥŰҲѹȥŵðֽסǶǽĲդ˫ҲסͬһֻצƵģš
ǶǽŲһ§סĺҧʵ룡
ʲôء
ү
л˵
иС̸ܺˣ賿12㣬ҿ翴Ŷ


90 
ʲô
Ҫͷ
˵ɽô˱դϡ
׵ĺɻء
ǰ˶ס
Ԯ, ޴ӡ
ʱŻ᲻ȥ
ҹģǳϦҹɻأһ׼ҲˣôԶʧȥôһλ߹Ů·Ŀ˰ա
ҪҲûзûпûϱˡ
һлȥ
߲ѵš
ȻԵƹ, һͷ, ·𿴵ɽ, 뵽ڵģ
ɽƢ, ʵºʱ, ΢΢, װģѵ⼸䡣
ɼҹǵˡ
Ҫӽɻˡ
Ȼ֪, , ֻ⹷, ɪɪĿڣ̽ʵ֪, ִֵ֧ĶԲ, Ǵֵأһòڳ֮ռ˰ڽɽ, ռλ, û뵽־, ʶΪежд, ôĶԲԣ
ڤ˼ţյóôһǵĽۡ
˵š
룬һ, ֻǹɽವһ½ת˹, һ޺޵Ķ, ޲ôȥҧһڲź, һʱҧϻ۵ýþж⳯ĻдӶʲô¶ΡΡȨ²ǿֿɵ֮ˡ
ɽǺһš
ɽⷬͲѵĸ߶ۣԣҪƮƮȻˣȻһ̣ȴһ䣬Ȼҧ޵룡
һֻ̧ۣǹɽöðˣǱⷬҪԭرˣһʱ㬵أҧҧһίôܲµǹӵ˼˶˵ĺ룬Ѱж˼Ҷ²οǹ˴˵ġ
˵ţ˵һֵ㲻֪̽㲻䣬ģӱؾ꣬һٸж̽һͷ֪Ƕôôǽ˵·ϵ·ģ˵ϻ۲һСŮµ͸̽ɵ˼أ
Źɽƥ
һʱı˹ɽĲ΢΢ͱ룬ֵ߷ֱԣֱӸɻʲôϲʲô»Щ֪ӱԺʱδεõұһμ׶ûеùģĪҪҲȥˣ
²òͷ
һʱı˲ԣͬӲܡ
ǼդϣһǲСʧ֣ùĿԼ
ټϣǰ⹷˽Ҳкüˣ֪˳ҲӲϣǸЩġ
§ŹɽĲɤӣ˵š
˵䣬
Ȼһ̣ϸ΢Ħ˲伤˻ֱˣʱǹɽ޶΢΢һ޶ֱˣɽֿ˫ȣڰǰ֮䡣
դϡ
վդǰ
˵߸պƽ
ڵĺҹһƬ谵塣
ͷϣһյ˱ƣбб˵ϣ˵ҹɫ
ɽŰһίֱ׳ĿƬ̣Σ΢΢һ飬֪Ǳֱ׳ˣǱĺƤˣһʱ̣һʱЩ޿κΣðΣҧҧбб˰һۣػزǱǶһ硣
ɽ˵ⷬʱһ·ڼĿԼȻȻ̲סϸ΢ĳ鶯š
ֲƿҵ̰ڣĸ˵òſѧʣֻڷͷĿȾȾЩī㣬ѧЩ֪ʶ֪ЩǷǱӣ
ȰȰȵ˵ţ˵һ룬֪ʲôɿգգۣһʱ͵̧ۣĿ⾼ؿԷףôǵ֪һػزǱǶģ
ֱĿⷢ͵ؿɽʱ˫һʱ΢΢оĿڹɽɨš
ȴɽüͷһ̲ʼɫ򶨵˵⻰ˣڰ˫ۣҪզ֮ʣּɽббɨһۣ΢΢Цӵĳɼĳ벻֪ѣ
ɽһ˵ţȻؿƿ˵ƽȣַ͸©
⻰ûú޲һȥҧıӣհԼĴֻһһҷʲôɱù
ľš
ֻǹɽ˫΢΢һ
˵һһһֱĥŹɽ˵ӦѾɢ߰˷ˣǣһģֿʼֱˣֱӸ˰գ㷽ŵôˣΪְᵽҶǣˣ֮䵽ôĹڰ
һһš
⻰ʱֻɽһֱ˵
ɫЩ֡
أһ֪ò˵ӡ
ɽȴһֱ죬Ʋἰһ磬Σڰߴټò£ֻǹɽĶãɫЩŹ֣ЩպޣЩЩܻЩ޿κΣպһѽդϵİ§§ã漴°һ̧¶°͵һǳǳӡŰҿλĶŪģ
ɽŰ°͵¿һĨӡ
˵š
ȴɫһ㶣ֻЩ£ӡӲǡ㲻˵ǲСĿĵô
ǵģɽ°ʹеӡӰ֪ģƹ谵ûпȻ֪
Ϊӡϵҩˡ
һǰոǻֵģ´ˣɽûϸ˵ֻ˵ڹʱСĿĵģʱûҩѺõòˡ
û뵽ɶŪģ
ļٵģ
㡭ִأ
һŵĿɽš
ôأ
ǶʱӦһֱڹТǣôܳɽܣ
·Щš
ȴǹɽ״ǨŭΪûչ˺㣬͵͵ܳɷ˵ĴΪ򡣡
ɽ˵ţһ˰ܺģ˵ţƳ˰һּۣΪǸ⼸ͷѧˣһѲǿĿеǸˣΪ򿴣պĪҪĺã
ɽ˵š
˵ţֽǰûյ滨˳˰ǰһһ˵滨⣬Сҹʱѷ˸ʾ˵żգῪţΪȺ滨ǰ֪Եʣ
ɽۣһһŰ
һãĿŹɽʶ૵Եʣ
ǹɽ治ɫƱĳЩȨƱˣǿȨѹȣʹ˵ڳϦ֮ҹò滨ġ
ɽһһ۵˵ţûἰĳˣȴ䲻İܻ˰ĳ֮Ĺϵ
һ䣬һЩ飬ЩΪ참ʱˡ
ʱŵĺĪ˸硣
ȴǰĹɽоݡһ忶֮ԣ˷·ľ·һš
ããʶؿʵôܣֲ֡ġ˶٣ֵοο򲻹㰡
㶵ʵ
ɽⷬοְԳģֻñһıڴ˿ɢ֮գϾŮ˿ޡǿÿΪ顣
룬ɽȴȻһ⼸ͷ治٣Ϊ䰭ݣãȴԲɱϮ
˵ɽٴγǵҪʧ˺ӡӲ˺˵֤ݡ
֮ǣˮˣǶΪգû͵Ϯ
Ȼһʵɽûн˵а˰٣ٵʵȫг
ѡԵĺг
ʮȻĸԷһսթǿȨѹǺˡĴñӡ
ԣ˼Ϊšղѵģ
Ϊִ㣬Ҹ˵˻š߷߲ƽתߵģ
ȷΪԭ򣿶ԵʲôԵʣ
͸˵Ƶģֻýڹɽǰһʾ׵˵Ϸ
һʱЩ㶵ķš
ȴǹɽǿĿƬ˸Ծ治ɫΪպͬˣպ򳪸棬ĪҪͬλӼˣΪΪ򣬿ɷ
ɽһĶŰ֣š
һ䣬ֻһ̧˰°ͣһɫһһ䣬ʵѡѡңϣ
ɽǸڷ֩룬һ˿ĬĬŵı֯һֱһವһһˣΧУʵ
ʱİЩȻôôϡͿı㵽һ
ѡѡ֣
ǵõһ
ʵȻһĪ
·֪׸λش
ãϹɽһɫı飬ֻ૵Ȼǻѡġ
һ䣬°ʹָȻһɡ
һʱǰǽܿ쿿һѽ§ţ§ĽĽã˷·𳤳һ
ʱ˻һ£оסֹĽоеļӲȣһһʱҲ§סԷãڵôҸӳԿɺã
䲻һһ⶯š
һ䣬ֻõǰ΢΢һ𣬲ʱͷһʹƵá
һ䣬һ̣գɽһСط
һ־磬׾ٵβĻ

ʱʱԽԽӽʱԭĵģҪʱˣֿʼս
ԶԶܹԺһЩϸ졣
˵ǰӵķ޶˲磬һűԷȥ
Ȼţɽİ˫ĪԽԽԽԽֱҲ߲·ˣһʱ̲ססͣһ̣һֱٱҲﲻסĴЦͬƵһӰ˳
˵ĪŶЦѡ
ͻЦҴܡ
ɽͣ˽ŲŰȥĪЦǰ
ЦˣЦˡ
ɽľͷľֱҪЦˣ
˵һЦţһסӼǰš
һ·̣ɽͣ˽Ųԭز˺󣬰סЦÿҪֱˣֻһʱЦ󡭡ľͷ㡭жӲ
ϡԴжѡ
࣬һϷզأЦˣɽЦҪģ
˵ɽһŤߣպ޵ɫڰǰݡ
䲻ϻ۹ˣȴ޶ۣƲĪİշߺޣԼġûʧ
ڵȣȿڰˡ
ȴϣǧȣ˸ƺ«
ǳһ֡
˶Ҫﻵˣ̲סҪ֮ʣȴû뵽˾Ǹּġ
Ĳģ
״˵ʲô
Ҳ룬ִù
ֲû䳡ļƣٽĴһŸ߷ˣʮҲɽһ˵Ķְգ
˵ʲôǿȨѹ滨ӣ˵˶ô˵滨ӵϰ岻øϳϦҹŸô
ԭɽҲˡСˡʱ
ǣɵϣŶְֲֳѣ
뷽跨ġ䡱ǣֻҪڣһٸİ
ֱҪ˸Цˡ
ȻЦЦţȴЦᶼҪˡ
ʵڰ̲ס˫Ҳһ̣ɽѷɿز˳
ֻߣڸ֮ǰ
Ŀʵ̫˳ˡ
òۡ
Ҳȷʵ©ٳ
ˣħˣۣʧǡ
ʣʵ÷˷衣
˳ֵһ̣ѻûʧʧеǡ
ǳϦʮꡣ
ʧ꣬񲻹Ŵѡ
һԸһûǹɰ
䣬ǰ滨⣬ʮһյͷվţһǶģ
ʮؾʮףÿһնܿĵǶԻ档
Ϊεüá
ȴ룬һ׾ӵıݡ
ſЦòѣɽ˫ȻһͣŲһ৵һͺһƬ
ּЦЦԭֱš
ɽû뵽ʶƲϷʻЦˣôСŮһϸˣֱתɽֻЩƣЩЩߺޣð˳ж˿̶˵˹ģ˵ĳͣԼΪɷȨͳͳڴ˿һء
ʮ꣬ɽδҹ˹
һֻ̣ɽ߳ŭñŴҧһһΣյĳṲ̋ȥ
˵ڵЦòѣɽֻ۴ħƵһһ̤ҪһһƵģ˲ŵһ£һѴӵ໴һ£Ҫ
һ·ģһ·ּųűԷȥ
һܣһ׷
ʱı̽ӶϤ
꽥
ոµһꡣ
л˵
ɽеһСˣܣ
ӣĸ


91 
ʣȫӲ
졣
ǵ, ֮ӲǽƥС
֮ӲƥС
֮Ӳ¶޷˿
ܹõ𣿼Ǳץ, Ǳֵ, Ȼ, , ɽǸ˾ʼնϿڳԴʵ
ϳϣյĲ, ԴںȻ, ϳ, յ, ˦, Դڰܣʵ
ϳԴףʼһҧ, Դַ, вѡվˣպ򳪸, Ʊزĵˡ
Ȼ䲻, ҹ, ĽӶʱ, һһСĲһƬֽһ٣ŷԼ²ŵľǰ滨Ļֽ, ֽĿ滨⾹ʣ, һ̧, С׸ڹɽ, һһŹɽָͷһδģ߽㡱ĳŰлš
С׸߿һȦɫĵ
ź֪ķӦ˾ַķ滨ȫι

ȻˣȻϳԴˣСС滨ⶼݲ£滨ιС׸ϳϣ΢΢ü֮ôײˣ
˵ţС׸ԴһһԸţΪιţӵʵϳԣ֪Ϊβϳô
˵ʱԶԶĿһۣڣָ֪׵ĶҳԣԣЩĶҪĪҪҽܵĺãʲôֻΪ˵ǣΪȱǼӣ
ɽ滨ιϣϣָɣ֮˵һͨ
ǸްǺ޲õ·ҷ
ú޲ýе̽ȫ
ҲһʱЩĿɿڴ
û뵽ڳϦ֮ҹһϲֵһеĿ֮ˡ
Ҳ͸Щٵļ棬ıʡ
ʲôǵһСʲôǵһ湫ӣЩƨЩʵٰװˣ˴̵ǰ߽࣬࣬һƤѣֻеֽǲƤ˺ܿƤ²ŵһͷɷǡ
רҧ벻еǡ
ǼӲСխֱﲻһսթһͷǣ
ǣԺ󣬰ʼֱԼϵˣƭˡ
Ҫ޵ǵһ湫ӣһͷƤǰ
ؼǣ󣬴ǾҲװˣʼλεҡĴβǣսڰǰ¶ײС۵ıԡ
Ʃ磬壬֣죬ȴҲɽӣһۣջظ󣬹ɽ·鲻Ӹʱ˵յ˸ϢҪͬ
׷ʣֲ˵ֱֻһſȻͼðź¡
һɪĽ
զ
գ󣬰̬Ⱥãû׼źһ
Ȼա
ðɣŹӣһʱҲЩ
ãʵں棬սʤİ΢΢̧°ߵɽǰ߽ʵʲôϢ
ĪֽʲôϢ˰գĪֽϲأ
˳š
ĥ֮ʣȴǹɽͷһۣһһۣΣڽüͷһ˵ּҿҪϲ¶ˡ
ЩƲסĵ⡣
ȴЩ˼ֽϲǣ
ʲôϲ¶
ִڹɽϣš
һ䣬ȴǹɽŪ飬װģ°ͳŰϵ˵һ㣬ѵȺúź򣡡
ǽһ޲һѽ⿪һȥֻ߽һѳ˦ȥ
̡̣
ǿнϼһĨǳЦѵõü˳۵ΧǹɽתһȦǽֳصƤȡ鵽һԵľʩϣʱɽٴδ˫ۡ
΢΢һ飬ҧչȥż˿ۣɽ⣬˵֣ҵ֣ӣ⽫֣ӡ
ɽһֻ˵ţ˵꣬ʮֹģʮֻ۵ĴյǰĶҪȢˣǣ
˵꣬ɽ˫һ̧ɿ찵ȥ۲찲ķӦ
ɽⷬһӦЩȡ
֣ӣ֣٤ޣ
ðգСӰʶõģӡ󲻴ֺ𣿺ðգʵʼʱ򣬰Ǵ㽫С٤޽ܸӺġ
ͽ˹ģԸҪЩĵģԭǴڹ˼ҰᣬɾǶһ棬߻£ԭϴϣȴ뱻ĸɥһ飬֡
ûüٰ죬ȴָȵأ
ʵἰĻ£һ㶼⣬Ͼֶʮжѹ˼֮꣬ڴѰʮ궨ײǳ£ʮ߰ЩˣǵɽȢʱѶʮ꣬ǼˣΪӵĺء
ڼǰѼˣֹ䶼ǽһ
һ꣬޴ӴڻǰĿɲһ׮ͷȴ£
ֻǣðЩǣϵľ٤ޣ
ȻǣɽôˣıʵǼĺܡ
ʲô˼
شյǰ˵һֻ
۲ıͷӦ
ôôޣôأ
ҪʲôͷӦ
ֵϲ£οͻϲģȻƫƫǰһűĵһʱοҲǣϲҲǣҲǣѹҲǣ
գðոմӹȡһ˹˵Ļ
źˣ
Ⱳź£Ͳǰˣ
Թۣ
Ȼɽ飬鸴ӣ˼֡
ǹ˱Խ䱾ˡ
³ߣֻ֪Ķֶײ£ʥѵˡ
³ʮֵ֪Ļ»ˣ֣ӶƲ
ʮ壬֪Ű赽ʺˣһ֮½ˣĶҲ⣬˱ѵ⣡û׼һʥҲһ
ȫǹغֵĲš
Ҳ֪ĻǼٵġ
Ҳ֪һյģĵЩԺʹš
Ҫ֪ɽǰӲἰЩŰԵġ
ĵһֱʮ壬ſţɽ̰ڿʼȥְˣһڵŵͣĶڵѰ


92 
˵³һ, ҲųТˡ
ˣǸָֻյ֣һ˳̫ްŵı˺ѹˡ
ТչصԾ, Т˳, һܹס, Т, ТڶסҲסġ
ٱ, ٻ, ԶҲһֱڹȥ, ʼյǰߡ
ֻЩ˹ú, ߲İߡ
Щ, սů
һһȵĸʢһһð˳
ǰ³ʮǰͬɽĴ, ǵ, ԪմҴ䶨ģȷ˵, һβ̫ˡ
һļر, ˻ʮ, ϻʵý, һȵЩ̫İµ׸Ⱦ컨ಡ齽һ, һֱµ׿Ҫ붬ŷ˹ɽ͹Ĳҩ, ں, żһ
ȴҲڲ, һֱʱϡϵİ̺ӡԵЩ
̫ϧ׿ʼϤѡ˼ңʵβʱѡ˹˼ңڵ˰˵׿ϣ̽һ˼ҵĿڷԪʽ䶨ġ
Ԫڶ»ڣ³ʮҴҰ˻£̲£ȻǵõѶȥʱˣ°̫Ѹ٣ӶƸ׺ʱ£ԣǵ˰޽˼ҵһգȻкЩ˶ûдл
ǣɽĴҴΣֵ
û뵽һۣǳ׾ˡ
˵㣬ﻨ㣬ҲһһյĴȦЩһֻֻˣÿһţһţµЩ⽥˻ȥʱҪԲЩ
ڣ³գڽ磬޻޾ǣٰһо磬ǰ硣
һΣ޹ݣ޹裬ƷϵɾȫϤ
磬ڽһоһͷƱض˼֣ѡ
Ҫ֪Ѷ겻ˣȼǵûǵڹڿʱأľһǷʮʮ﷼ͥ˵֮԰ǲģޱ֮磬޲Ժգ˵ŵģȫǻӹӣģνʢеʢ磬ʶÿһؿ磬ŮȦﶯֹ
䲻ڿ˽ȴ²Ҫ֪ѣԶȿΪ֮Ϊ˵Ĺ˼Ҵ⣬˼ʮδκˣ˼Ҵ󿪸ţβأ
ؼǣⳡо磬ֹ˻׹ݣƷϵĹټСɾϤ룬ǲŵݳȥһһѾͲסأ
֮ǰųΪ˱ܿϵһЩҪᣬ簲һ磬һһȵʫ磬Եĸϵᡣ
գǰ°㽫еȫдãһһ˳ȥ
д߰ʮӶˣʣ磬ӣãһȥͥԺɹɹǰ˴µ̫̫꣬ʱˣ̫ҽ˵ƽöɹɹ̫öȥ߶߶ǵġ
¼дһ磬Ȱ˵ţ룬ֵҲū¶߶߶˵ͷͷ˸ƻˡ
¿ɽҸ˳
룬һȥֹգҪΪЩ
ȥТ񣬰дδ̤ˣ㣬ͷɢɢ˼룬ֵǵ֪һȻСָڶ߶ֹˣ
˵ҪţҲЩˣ˳Ĵȥ˱Է뽪Сӡ
ڹɽ鷿ƣ
ɽȥֵˣյ鷿дģ鷿࣬ЩľԴۣ飬мؼɽƵ棬ڲ࣬ңеƵò֣һûгల϶࿴һۣٲȻ鷿İ˾⣬ܹ䣬мسĵңǵɽ
ɽЩ飬ܹɽʹеʵڹڻɬѶû͸Ƶģ˼أ˯˼أˣ鷿ʧȥ¡
һˣӶƣ
ңԼҲ֪ԼڷЩʲôÿ鷿ܾùɽɫֵֹģߵĶ˫ĶҷҿЩ˵ĶƵġ
Ҳԣ˰գһദˣԶԷΪֹԽϤˣɽ䲻ֳɰĵоǸӦˡ
ͷȻЩʲôǲֵġ
Ұң
ڹɽİ䷢һŵᣬɣԶ£Ǳ³˳ǱδԶΣ
һⱾδԶΣֻƬ̵Ļ㱡
ѹչ㲻飬Ϊµ˸ˣȴû뵽Ǳɽˣ
ʵմһܹ󣬺˱ղҲûˣ´ûзһ
գǻĸްһ´ϣ֪վᷢʲô
ǸʢˣǸ֮ˣգҲ֪Լôˣһȫʶ˸Ƶģһ֮¾뵽ˡ룡
ĺ֣
һ֮£Ǻ޲ø˳һϣ
գ˵Ҳ˿֮£
ǻĸһ´ϣ治֪ջᷢʲô
ҲǱĸްһ´ϣһֺ󣬲žЩϸ֦ĩڵĳѹֵһᡣ
ʵģ
ɾǡɾǣһ̲ѣ
Ѿ˵ᣬѵѵǹɽ鷿ʱʱʱĶ
Ӧðգǰӳȥˣ͵͵ģģ
룬ֽǱδԶǽ£˶٣ߵūeİ˱ǰʱʽ֧˵Ļ棬ţһһŰ˱ȥ
ɽ鷿ܣһٴΨа˱ϰڷŸױ
ߵһС͡ڳģ͵ĸǰϸϸĹĦƬ̺ȻɽһȡĶ룬ѧֻֽڳĳͷᲦһ£һ̣һССİڳ»Զ˳
Ϊ˽ܣǷŲͬѰıȴûϵͷһƽƽӣһĻᡣ
ûöӣֻŵĽ򿪣ֻﻭһŮӻ


93 
һŮӻ
ȷ˵, ǰ
ûû٣ֻһŮƫӰջ񣬴ײͷ, رȼ, ճһ, 
Ůӻʱ, ɫһ㶡
һӦǣɽ˾һŮӻкξģ
, ط, ȷǳļ֮, ȷղصĹŻ, һԼյĻ
еŮû, û٣ֱ治Ǻˡ

˵, Щ, ˵Ҳ
Ҫû, ѷҲʴҴҴ, 򵥵Ĺ, ѹ޴ӱ
˭أ
һʱ, ˵ʲôֻΪԼǹǱȽ˽ˣȴûϵ, ĺ, Զ޷˽һˡ
, һ, 滹һ㣬һһʱŷЩѹûġ
ɽﾹһֱŸˣ
ǺǺǣصÿ湻İ
ֵÿһ̤鷿ֻ۾͸ƵģĶյĶԭͷ
ֻǣɽﾹһֱŸˣ
㵲ѣͬʱҲһʱòˡ
˵ӦõİϾͬҲһˣһʱﰲѹûзκĵĺۼ֮ǰҲ񰡣Ҫ֪ǹǵڻʼԺǻղȱΣ˵øģŵģɵһ¿Σ㳹ײӰȥѱ䳡ѹûԵСӹĻᰡУԺ˶Ǻع͵Dߣһ㴫Ķˡ
Ǽ꣬ԺС˵Ļ£ʮ䡣
һδ롣
ԣŮδô
ţ½ϸϸƬ̺ȻƲκŵʱ֪ʲôһתԶԶ䵽ǽӽµǱŵδԶϣĿš
ĪǼţʵȴǡ᲻ӣ㲻һ֡ղأ
ᣬǡ
еоȫģԽĿˡ
ͷһ𣬲֪ΪΣ˲ðԭɵɫʱֻͷ΢΢һ
ԭɵһˣͻڿĽһֱѿЩ⿪ĽᣬƹȥˣȴԶҲȥ
ֻһһѻÿһɹǸ֣ˮȵеĻɶѻһһתͷ͵طԭǿӾ֪ѳһŲ
ͷǷһõ˿Ҫ̳һˣʱʱºҴȥһʱֻѵɫӽŽʱЩԣವһ´ӻ̧ͷһʱеĻᣬĿԼʵôˣ˺أ
֧֧ȥһˡ
ɫһأʱü룬ֻһŻ᷵ӡ
صʱֻԺˣѽ˵ȴȥΨ졢ƶˡ
ͷһҩζ
ɨһбŵҩӣڣѾһɫǰʱùҩʣµҩ
ָƻеҩ˵š
˵ּڼ˸ɫ죬ʶرüҩкβף
ҩ̫ҽķӣֱӴ̫ҽԺץҩǿȥʱˣϸ¿Ĳ鳹״ãÿյҩҲһһٳһ¿ʼҩֱڹץģÿһؿùҩūȥץȥģκ⣬Ȼū澵ҩʱȴײ˹ľҪҩߣñū澴˸ţū鿴һ⣬û뵽ҩо˴
˵ţƿ͵˰ǰѻĻ
һֻﾲżں״֮
üǡ
޶޺󣬶ǲκ촦ĪҪǣиԣǡǳãСС
˵֧֧Ŀ˰һۣЩҽ
жʱӿֳһɲõԤããֻ񣬵˵޷
뽶¡ƶһֻۣ컹ʿڣͲסԣһʱҧ߲ѣֻһڵбеã
¹Ųӷ߷߲ƽ˵š
һ䣬ͬʱ¡
˻΢΢һΡ
ͷ̫֪ǲǷߵ̫Եʣǰ΢΢һڣƬ̵ӻζ㱡
ʶҪѰ֮ţȻ˿룬ѹʸڽֿ죬һѡ
ִڽµĸ첲ϣĸ첲ֽקţָײԽºİƤ
У
֮Եλҩ
Ҫ֪ԵĹ֮ԵĸŲʢ˶ͬܲĴ֦Ҷ۸ӣµļ񶼻Զǧ֮ı֮أż򵥵ѰռҶҪ׼֣κĻ֮ˡ
ɽĺԺΨһˣԺȫƿ֮£֮£ǺҪκõģ
ټĽˣ˼ñ͵ɽˣ꣬øϹɥһи˵ȻˣӦ˱̫һ˼ˣʶǵһųġ
µģǽˣ·˼½֮ʱŻɽµݣʶһ꣬Խµ˽⣬ܹµĻʼΪ㣬οĲ˼ѪʮӣҲҡ
Ӵﵽ⣬ɰŰѿأ˵ŵļͰһ飬κ̤ӵˣж˫۾ţοܻ쵽ԺСϢŪҩǳ˳Ҳһܹĵ
ôôεųһһųų󣬰ڵǰֻһˣ˱ǡɽ
ֳ֣ڰʱʵԼЩЦԷǣֻ÷˼͸˸ЦƵġ
Ȼǲȥ֤ʵʱ˿̣оĬ𰸡
һ˺ӣȴ˺ӵķӣôģô׼ķӣɽкܹõ
Ȼմգϣ˵Ҫһ
˴Ԥβ
ӣ
Ƕôķ̺ͿЦ
ͷ̫ս㡣
ȴñѩ컹Ҫ֡
ֻôӽŵȻðһ㺮⡣
ĿԼҪȰԼɽʱĬԣ˼׽͸ȴ޺֮ģһ㣬Ųɵġ
ȻǰҩűǼŨصҩζǰȴҲǲܸĵʵ
кɣͼǺֿԣ٣Ūס
һʱ΢΢һ֮߬ﱻյ֨֨죬ɫһ㶣͵ؿеĻᣬ̼еʯһ̣·𼫿ץסʲô
ߣȥã
Ұһһһ˵š
л˵
λ⼸е飬δ¿ܶȲĻǿԵڶϿ


94 
˹ӡ
˵ɭ, նϰⲻٰפΧһլ˽漰լŮӵ˽֮, ӦԭҪ, Χ۵İһرˡ
һ, һ;Ϣ, һϹɽȥǽ⴫֤ˣۿʱѵʱ, ɽȡ¹ñӲó, 㿴һϸӰŲſפȺ, ɽ, ԷҴȹӭȥ
ɽ, Ų΢΢һ٣Ƭ̺, ΢üԶԶɨǵӰһ, ãѵ﻽ҡ˴ˡ
ɽɫ˵š
κζϢ, ɫκɫ, ͸Ե롣
һĨ, δֹǰ, ȴ֪ɽһˣʶҲΪϰߣȻʱ˿, һĨĮȴɹöδɫ˲԰һƬ, ѿ
δϲɫ
ɫɾ, ߽, ʥɫ˶֪δϲţ߽࣬Ϊȴ֪òʵڣԳ֮ɫŮ·İǰ㣬ԽŨīɫԽᳵ·ļԦΨаɫΨ䵭ţ͹Գֶϣһ辶ķʽ̺ɱһ
ȻɫȴͬϵһҰһƬ
˴ˡ
δɫѿĸĿڡ
һƾһŻȻûѿ͵΢ˡ
䣬Ĺǰ
һ̣δ궼ĳѷ졣
һ˲ֺ±ԭǸ͵ˣԾͷСŮ
Ȼײǳˣܴһܳ谮ŮһһǰǹսķͷܴһһǰĨѿ˵ʲô
ǣδָܿ߬߬ԼѺָ֪ǿЩѿһһֱӿżɽ˴ˣ볷
˵ţδҧ˺촽һһҴ˷ӡܷˡŮӽСŮӴá
δǿһĨһһѿ˵š
Ⱥڴ˵Ŀġ
һ䣬ֻĹɽƺĻֻ΢΢̧ۣϵһۣ˼Ƭ̣ڵֹ볷ôˡŮӱ㲻ӵ֮մɷԸûָǽֹ
ɽһһۣһ¹ɡ
˿ûаƫĵ˼
һۣʶôһĿ
ͷŵĴһ飬Ŀ͸һ˿ӣĿ͸һ˿Ϭ·Ҫͨ⸱򶨵Ƥңһۿγ
ôһ˲䣬δ뱻Ŀ⿴ͷƤ飬һһʱסеӣʱ裬Ψῴϵ
Ȼôһ˲䣬ȴǰδе֪ˡ
һۣȻ֪ˡ
٣һӣڿˣô
½ֻһۡ
δǼһĨѿĵЦƺԷķӦֻǣ׶ȻЩ̲ס鸴ӣ֪˶ãǿջЦ˴ǲǡҡ
δǿԼһĨǿЦ૿š
ɽüɫĮĿδ룬˼δ
˵⻰ʱûκοףʼգûκûκﲨӲڹ㣬ûûбģûӣûвмûκεļͳŪ
գϵŹ˾κһ˵ĶĿѾʮˣȻʼգɽȴûκͬǧǧ׮ӵͷ˰㣬·ǲʶˡ
ȻĵȻĮĮ߸ķһһ߽ˡ
˿̣ɾ
֮УȻۿ׶ȻйĴܸС
һˡ
δԼԼ
Ҳãûκ֣Ҳá
ţδһһ㶪ԼĽƬǰģĿͬĹӣһηԼĽ˵˴˿ͬڻʼԺͬΪͬķϣҸΪ̫龫Ϊʥϴҵķϣڵ֮أ븸̸ķϣһػСŮһأּұȫһ˿棬˿Ը
δԼ԰ʼ顱֪ģ֮ǴȥҾ޻·
δҧһһš
˵⻰ʱɫѪɫһƬ԰ס
ڡţȴĳֹעһķʽڡвš
ȻϣˣɽȻɽ
ֻһۣ֮£ĳɱ֤©κηĳΪֹ볷ĳɰֹﾡ쳷ƽϢ£ֹ棬ȥˣʱʱ֣֤ӦԴã׮ǳ󣬻ֹﾡϣ
ɽԾڴˣ˵꣬ɫʱˣﻹԱ㡣
˵ţ·Ըа־𣬹ɽֱ֣Խȥ
룬Խ֮ҧʵ˴˲飬ΪԵʣ
δƲסЩš
ĸʱԭǰӰವһͣ
ɽ˫ವһ΢΢
δȴûԽɽֻ΢΢ͷ֪ƲݵͼŮҺʱδ俪ǵ˿ĻδԸȥֻǡһһ룬˴˲Ҫ¶Ǩŭδ롣
˵ţδұ֤˺λֻҪȥδ뱣֤ԲẦֺ
δҧ֤š
˵ЩɽһΪ˵ˡ
ҪٴǰȰ˵
룬ʱɽۣವһתɨδ룬ֻһһûƲݵͼŮֻûʸӽҹĳ˲ϣԼĳ˵ٴִŮʫĻȻٳ֣һΣǵһΣҲһξ棬ֹǣ
˵⻰ʱɽۣһĨ֮ɫ
̹ǣһ˲̳ɱıУǡ
˵ֻ꣬ವһջߣٶ࿴һۣ·ٿһۣͻƵġ
һ䣬ɽһ˦ֱȥ
룬Ҫ¶ʱ
С硪
ʱδૻš
󣬹ɽŲٶһ٣ʱһ󼲷ιͬʱһ˲ֱֱŹɽ
ֻδʵǰһѽ§סɽȻʵ
СȻȣôȴΪμΪ
֪˵ĻС統գδ¥ѩġ
СδδҲյĳ¥֮¡
δ·סһľƵģסɽ
ԷʵĻùɽƬ̵Ļ㱣̶˶㿪
ȵɽֻ˫ץסϵ첲Ҫ˪ĳȴ룬ڴʱֻԶ¶һƬ½һζ·Ӧ㣬ɽವһ̧׼ȷ̽ȥԲԲĶ⣬һĨӰޱĿǡ
л˵
1дú˿̫ʲôĻԹɽ͵ķʽչ
2С硱ڣ˿òϸǵˣǰзʣһʴˣǹɽ14ؾʱѩȹһСŮȻö˴ڹﻹЩ¡¼
3£²ϸһ£ָŶ쾡2ϣЩϢôôգ


95 
ߴƬ½ǵһ˲, ɽ˫˫۱ʶ΢΢һѾȾһΣյϢ
ȻֱֱԶޱʮ޵ݺ󣬹ɽȻһϡ
ʱȾһ˿õԤС
ĿԼ䡣
¹ɽ鵭´̩ɽѹ治ɫ, µڹɽȺ, Ȼܹ, Ȼʱ˿, ȴиܵһ˿֮⡣
ʲôû
ɽһᵭɫڴ˫ޱһʱȻһ䡣
һ޹ؽҪμ, ֵҪĵز, 񡪡
һָһָ, ϵʮָ, ̫, Դ³ǵ̵һ, Щˤ˵ϡ
δ˴˿̻ɽϡ, ͵رһˣһ, Щֱˤڵ, ·Щ, ȵŷ۵ָվȺ, һ̧ҲվڲԶǵӰ
һ˲䣬δɫҲȻһ, ϲ԰׵һ˿Ѫɫ
Ʋס΢΢һ¡
һ淢̫ͻȻ, ˸վ˸Եλ, ׷һδ, ˭Ҳû
Ƭ̵̡
ֱ֪˶ãɽһƬţֻԶһ
ʶ̧Ҫȥ
ȴ룬һ̧ԶٿȻƵģֻʶسɿغһ
ɽǰһеһ
·Ǻˮޣܲ
ɽĲһ٣Ȼһ
ҲһʱӲţֱֱ̧һδŹɽûκ·һˮһƬţãֱٿһ£תһԲıֱӱȥ
ֹ͸һ˿̣ٿɽһۣ·ѹƵġ
ǹĮӣǹɾ·͸ĳưĪľȻ
һֶ˵ĵز
緽ţδǰһһ׻Ը¡
ദһɽҲǽ˽˼ְƢԣƸʱʱһİȻ̬ʵܹͬµ˴һƬģԶȥǰĮȻ
ӰһöŮǻأҪһ·ƸӰȴҲȫȻԭԭϡ
Ϧǰҹײδǰѡ˵һ·ϳ壬ֱ˽Ӹ˳ֱӺ֮䣬ֱ˴·ϡ
ÿÿˣɽͷȣȴҲ֪һллأֻǸʱĿǸըëСèֻҪƢϤĽͣ˳ëһ׼ܽ˸˳ˣǲŮˡ
ֱǴΣμǴΣ֪ԭ죬ǵ޷ĵزˡ
һأֻø
һ̣ɽĪһš
ڹɽҪ׷ȥ֮ʣʱİವһͣ漴ֻ֪ʲôֻתһΣĿԽ˹ɽֱӽ˹ɽǵ߽ŵİɫϡ
δһɽ˸ңңš
ɽԣδʹ⣬ܲѧ׷̣ȴȻûʸ
һŮǲʢҲǸЩŮˣһȨϵĴƿصֲŴһȨ븻۷塣
Ȩ˵ٺÿƤңвĶˣһвΪȨЧΪȨӰˡ
һµ״ԪɣȨ£һ״ԪɶҲǸ䵽֮εıˣһжûзĻᡣ
οһŮ
վڻȨĶˣɽЩ־ţβ䲻ȥġ
Ȼ˿ֻ̣ȥ
δһһޱĳδɫ˲ѿŰĲ߽ʶزš
ûκ˱δ˵֪ĻǧDʲô߹ʲôǵԼһ֮֮ϵĻʺһֶʲôǳĳŮˣһܼǡ
δδҪͬԣвʵʱв޵ʱҲʵˣǻԹ޵йƷ֮аˡ
δҪͬ˺Ƥ
û뵽֡׽ס
δɫ˲׵͸
ʱֻ̤ǰ
ˣС硪
δɫ԰׵ĿڣȻ죬ȴԼ޴ӱ⡣
ֹ
һڣǰ԰Ľͣ˫һһҰ޸ɻĸȴҲʲô˶ﵽͷҰģֹȾָˣôüŭĺˣ
δ룬ֻһһĸʱ̵˵˵Ҫܳͷġ
ôֹҲ⣡
δ룬ƽ˵š
ɫȻκͬȨҵĵĸڸλ˵һ˴ĴʹѾͷƵģƬ̽Ͷˣһ䣬ֻ°һ㣬ֱ˵ķʩ£죡
һ䣬Ůһǰֱֶ̧ĳδȥ
žһֱڿд졣
δݵֱӱһȵһࡣ
̼䣬˵Ѫ
δûϵ˲棬ѹ˵͵Ļᣬֱ
һȵЩ¡
Դ졣
δסԼգ㶵أþûһߵϾƬ̵ŤΡ
Ǵǰ費ǳ̬δǰȣ۵ĶԱӵΪϱѽϰ˸˴ǰһƣ·ֱӽδԭƵġ
δסԼա
ЩޣȴֺЩɵľţգ΢΢̧ۣۣƵ˿λͬĹϡ
һʧ¥ϵΪˣȴ٣ֻһ׹һΪ˵ûиеκʹκʹ࣬һʵĻ
һΣˡ
һΣδϣٴγķͶȥ
һΣǰȴӶ
ɽ˫һֱ˰ϣмֺ
°ʢˣҲûκ˼СŰ衣
δһʱҧ촽˫̼˾ӨỨ
Ȼģ밲ȴЦԷǡ
ŮŮ
ԭΪ̫ҵӷǱѰ֮ȴ뵱ڹɾ˵һ̬֮ˣɽ۹⡭
һ˲䣬ƽϵ˼ûˡ
ֹպĪҪڱǰĺãȻһα̲סһΣ
ֹΪ֮
Ƴδһۣ鵭ĮתٶȥȻһΣһתֱ۾һɾ޴ǣסˡ
л˵
ЩģӦûиС̸ˣҿ翴


96 
ļٶһ
΢һɨ, ֻɽƣסֱۣãɽŰ, ɳƿڵ, ̸̸
û˵, û̧ͷ
ֻĿű۰ָֻǷĴ֡
ȴڴʱ, Ƭ̻㱡
Ȼһǰ, ӰǴ, Ǵ, Ҳ̸̸
Ǵ, Ůһԭί, 뾩νԭίǸ, ŵ
Ǹʱǻ, ̬ЩӲٻǰڳȷ̬
û뵽һ, ظ龹ٶˡ
һ, Ŷ, , ˣǾԭ̤
ɽ䲻㻨ȴҲƱ, ̸̸֪, Ľͣ
ʵ, ŷǷŮӻ, ԼǸеϢû棬ǶЩ˲ˣһ·ߴٳ򣬺޲Լܷɣವһ·ɵǹɽǰȻǷһϣݵ͵͵ĸ꾫Ļ
ţǸ꾫ûпԼ
ǸϢ϶ҪܹһΪ룬ȻẦˣȻɡ
ֻҪĽ˵伱Ҳԭ¡
ȴûϵʻѹûüڣû뵽ԭ£ѹûüʩչȴײһĻԣĽͣʲôأ
֪һۣ𺳺ͳС
һֻ̣ѪҺ·ȫڵ
û뵽δ뾹
ɽԼ֪ӱؾʱ𺳣
һʮ꣬ս꣬˵˼ҵλСүɱУܶսȺǣ˵ʮϮ֣һ֮ӺΧȺɱһѪ·˵һ֮ɱоӪҷ²ȳ˵ʮʱʮ˵ķֶӣӵо˵ΧɱһѪ·һ·
˼ҵλС䲻ھǣȴĴš
ؾգϤףִУһ·ӳż飬ӢˬԶЩҷܹģһ¥ʱϤ˲¥ϵ¥°ǸͷӴڣۿҪ׹¥ǧһ֮ʣֻŵһľ˻ȻȻ󣬱ͷڷɣ˼һԾֱһԾ𣬽׹¥СȽסڻ
ϤҿһĻİգ׷׾һ羲ֹˣֻ콵·ŽŹص˸һѾ
꣬ʹʱ׵ĹŮһĻŭţ˼λСһֻԼǵǸСŮ
Ҳýζ
Щӡ󣬹ʶ棬λеĹ˼Сʥ֮գŻͬع͵͵ܵ͵͵͵ġ
һۡ
۾ϵİòϣڶ࣬ȴûһҫ۶Ŀ
ǸȵСŮңڹС뾩ĵһգ֮дɼǸиġ
Ȼȴ֪ĵ֪ǸиСŮδ룬ôĹĹɽΨһźͰԵĲŮδ롣
ˣԵǺ봫档
һ̣֪Ǻεȵ
ֻԼǸԧĹ֡
ûǸ֣һԾѱ˸ֲɢˡ
ԭԵѽİһԭǲһԣϵһԡ
Ǹְ֮ˣֽġ
Ƕɢġ
û£ûǿƽ룬ôɽǼпͬλһڻʼѧԺǿ֮һġ
ԭСŮĴžǿѨ磬û׼ɽôһֱδȢû׼һֱڵСﳤأ
һš
ǵģû֪׮£ʵǰԼģ
Ǹô꣬κǸô꣬ûж࿴һ۵ˣǸʾãСǸ硱ȴѹôǸӾҧгݣĵ꣬Ƥĸģ
һǸڰС͵͵ȴڲأҳеһС
ǰģҲ߳ܣݵܡ
ȴû뵽еĽееǣڷĿӵһ̳һأһ̣Լְ󣬻ŶĵĶҺ
ԭ͵ģչǲԼģ
ѾĻıһУȴȻȲǵġȽᡱǵġ㺡ǵġ֮Ե
ðһŮ
һֻ̣ԼЦ֮
һ̣ڲѿ쵽˱Ե
Ȼʱ˿ָֻ̣߬߬ڵĸߣҲͬǳκ϶ûĸڵ޷Ϣǵ飬ǻظ̸ա
֪˶ã㾲ĻӦŹɽ
һ䣬ֱһӹɽ˳
һ̤˸á
ɽûϵƽĻӦԿ˽⣬˵Ъ˹˵һƬţ٣ġ˵
ܾЩ֡
ȻӦȴĪɽץסһ˿ᡣ
ֻҪӦֻҪûг׹һŽ̸Ĵţͺá
ǣɽŰıӰصá
漴°Ƶģȥ
ȵɽǣʱֻĵģͣ
ɽһβţֻݣһ·ƵƵңƵƵϿȥȻʻһֻɽ֪ʲôûκ׵Ŀʼֽ̧ͣ
ڴ뻺ͣ
ɽ΢΢ۣһ䷭ߵԣɿ̧һƬ漴ȻһƳڿȥ
һȻֻյģѹûаӰ
ɽɫһһ̣Īһţֻһ̵ֻ·Ȼսһͷһݴӽԭ·أԾȥ
ݡ
˻Űǵļо˲һƬҡ


97 
˵һ·ӱ޸ϻظõĹɽ, ûͣȵһһԾϻظһȴǿտҲ, ﻹӰ
ɽ˲Цˡ
, Ȼˡ
ɽû뵽͵Ļᶼ
ƭ
˵ʲôظģ
, Ļظģ
һظģ
ôô
Ůһ, ǣֹ, ǲ, , һͷĹŮ˵ӮӮȥ, Ƿڴǰ, ɵӶ, 길ĸٵĹɽȴҲ̿ǵȻ, ûƴǣԭǴ㽫öŮ, ȴûϵ, Ůһûü֮ǰ, һĶС
Ǹʱ, Ϊޣʵ򻹲죬, ܹ⡣
, , Ʋ˶λֹ֮ĵ٩, ¿϶ٰάǱ̬ȵġ
ٺδñΪûбŲĵᣬûҲɽʿ󣬽ԭίģΪѾ˵ģ֮Ůκιϵκ˽飬ֻû췢ģǩֻѺ˵ġ
ɽһԾŶȴû뵽ǲ
һμǶѣһ鹹Դǣʶһ䣬ڱǲҪˣҪ˼
һΣһûסǰŭŭķΣӣһ֮£ס°ͣ޲ý°һˣһ䣬ΪΣΪξǲ
оôֵΣôֵиô
һҲá
ȻһʣΨ־ŵ
Ѱԩ飬ٻлԩһ·أأʵʸûиֱӽһٴʮ˲Ҫ÷
һأ
ˣʧ٣ʧ˵ʣٶ࿴һˡ
ɽ˾٣ĸηȫ뷢ۣ
ѵǿĨô˵ӾͿӣӾӵˣ
ɽ˶ʮ꣬δ˵չ
ܵȥ
Сˣ
˻ǲ̫ˣ̫ã죬Ҫűˡ
ܵȥ
ܵߣҲܽ
б¶ԶԶģòҪһΣٹˡ
ɽÿҪʧǣ
һգһֵ󲡳Ӳãһ棬ּûгŮӸ棬ΣգҪ֪ڹﳤ󣬳дǰӵûйϰߣǳʲô⡪
ŭ֧Ĺɽ˲öˣֻõȫǲ˳ȥԸΪģķλһŲѰȥ
Լٶȷһ·Գſķ׷ȥ
ɽΪؿ
Ͼĵ̣һɽѰȥһ£ֱӺŵڡ
Ϊû˸һ統ǰԶΣʰֱӰĿ
Ĺ°
ҲǴؿģǺ뵽ɽʱ׷ϵĿ
ڡ
ǣĿĵڽй
֪Щ飬ܹһʱȴ㲻һܵҪȥԡ
Թֹɽûйֹ
ʱ룬ǲԼˡ
ʵĸ࿴ʱ˲ſɫɾȫڷ̫İϣĸĵһѡǹɽǡǶֺ
ڻĸĿУûκ˱ȶָԸ⻤ˣǶ÷һ𳤴󣬺οֵ˼Ǹʱ֪ȴĸ𣬻ĸ氲ġ
Ǹʱ򣬰ĸѡһһˣҲû̫ԴǼңÿһſ˰ܹһЩЩë
ֱĸ㵽ʱŵð˫۵ɵüֱͭ廹Ǹʱ򣬰һĿɿڴֳ֡ĸֳܽأ
ֱĸѾۣڵ㵽˼λ½̽ʱһޣɫİѵ֧֧ᣬִˣҧİԵĳżŹͷķҲ֧֧һ䣺Ǹľͷӣˡ
һ飬Ϊεüãȴӹĸ˫Ȱ˫ֻۣǵ̫ɫָӣʱȴֵߵߵؿŰڻĸޱӵСǳˡ
ִĿ˼ã˼ôǸǵǸһһ
һ̧ۣδ䣬ڴ֮ñӽס棬ɬòҼ˵İ̫վˡ
ǣԺ̫㽥˼䵽˹˼ңıһ׮
ڰ޸ɽ֮ǰʵһֱ֪иδ롣
Ǹͬɽһͬѩǿδ룬Ȼ޷˵ļˡ
Ըƾݺòòһɽ
ȴδϣԶԶ߹Լ
»գԥֱԶ֮صһ̣óס
ûйֹɽҲûвֻǹԼһҪҪ󣬻ٵԼˡ
һжҵģô
ͷͷܶ
Ȼ˺ããȴЩãֻ޴Ϊңټ£ټĳǳأȴƲûĹ鴦
ʲô
һֻ̣Щĸˡ
ǣججĳŻʹⲽȥ·Զһ·˽һʱһӶû߹ôô·òһȳһյߵſʱȴδϣسŵĻһˡ


98 
ߺˣôţ
ô߸ɱۣԶ룡
ȷ˵, ѹûпţ㱻һѲ߶˹Χ
Ϊ׵ĻֳֳìһķתìֱֱŰϴȥ
ǰɫ, ˼δ, ڻʹ, Σҵķ֮ɫ, ʶһì䲻Ŵʱֻ˫΢΢һ̧, ɫ΢΢˸һ, Ͼȫ޻֮ɫ
ʢ, һɷ, µ
Ƭ̺, Ӧ˹
ŶҲ, ڻʹ, Ȼнǰӵרݳ, ŵĻѹ, ԵС
, ŮӰ, ˣټϣΪĸТ, ϰװӼ, Ʃ, ղһɫȹ, κλװΣʱϱһѩ׺ãȴģʱˣʶһ΢Щ
֮һ·ãȻ˫ѷ۷ᣬһׯķʽҲҷˣʶ֮յĻ󣬶˼Ǳ
еĻʱ棬ȥ괺ĸһʱûнˣʱ¿عŵĻϲҲпԭ
ǻʮ꣬ŶӦʮˣһνʱ˵ϡ
˵ʲô顣
ߺޣߣ
ʵûС
ֻǣЩ鸴Ӻ˸аˡ
һʱԶԶ̧ۣǵΰׯϵĹԶԶȥ˷ǵĸо
ԭԻĸ˺ټĹǣҲļˡ
һ̣˷ǣ߲ĸо
ԭĸĵǾϹǣǸʱ򣬰ûĸڱӰˣջĸްˣȻǴᳯİʵȻĻʵ۾˾ˣǴٲܹȥˣ
ȴ֪߲ȵ֮ˣƣĸŸ˴꣬ŸոճТڣþѽˡ
ִһУֻǸʼˡ
Ҳ֪ǲΪ֤룬ֻδŭǵһĨЦǳǳһЦһº͵ڵǰ
˵š
˵⻰ʱûκŭκ֮ɫƽڸ˵кƵġ
⻰һ䣬ֻɫһ㶣̶´˰һ⣬ǼǱǣȻʶׯòͷһݣֱָŰĳì˻ȥȴȻһɣŽʵ˵˵ǰ
˵ٴ´˰һ⣬ڽţܵ
֮ǣҪҲȻһǱġ
˵ţŤͷ֧˭
Է׷׽ͷӶ˽ЩΧѲߵĻлݣʶһ׷ҡͷ
״üͷһšʱָֻ˼ԭȵʢˣֻ۶Ű۾һһ˵ǰǰأܵóЩƾ֤գ˭˲֪˭˲˿ݿǽݣ˭빬ģ
˵ţֲͷ״ȥȥȥĪҪڹңȻɲۣ
˵ţٶȽߡ
ʱ˫ֻǰֻɨҪĻȥǺشͳ컽ң
˵⻰ʱ̧ͷͦأ˲᲻бɫȻºͣȴΪ˲Ȼ
ֹ˲ⷬ˵ʮֱǴͳ䣬ֻͷһһʱŰٶɨȥһ˫ƽ޲˫ۣʱ˫ĿҲ֪Ϊξˣֻһ˿ٹͻΣֻæȭӳŰͷϢŭˡСġˡС飬ײ˿ĪҪͬСļƽϡ
սսĸ˿ڷ磬һʱӲ˲ϵĺæʵڲСѣСһǧСҲڿǰΣʵǡʵ̫ްź󣬺ֹ£־ϼӷصģκβӣСϳԴ˿İ
ϻ̳ϿֵĽţֵʺҲ¹ּ֮ܲг˹ͷļλǺ͹ļλھˣ﹬κ˳ʹԵ³Ųݡ
˵ɿ쿴˰һۣ֮⣬Ҳ⡣
Ȼһۺ󣬻ɿջߣĵײ̫ͬްţ޷ӻˣɹ˼Ȩƶ죬ǻ˵һ˻ȥֻ㬵ԺСȥͳݼ
һ䣬תһ·սսܻعȥˡ
룬˲һ·ܵſڣûüڣǡײӵԹڻʻ
ŻŵģعŵǳŻŵʲôӣײ˶ӵʮԴҲǲġ
˵գѵŻʾ⻤һӭݡ
ȴǻļٵŹһԳŮҪ빬Сļֹ죬㽫˸ˣСĻؽӭݡ
֧֧˵š
ԣ˲üͷһš
⻰һ䣬ɴʱӵʻ˹ſڣʱֻͷÿӺͷɨһۣڹſ
ӺǰºͽԴ˷ع䣬Щϲŭ޳⵭һۣ˲ϻ̳Ͽ֣Ȼһ˲Ȼ˰ͬӵĽ飬ԭԭˡ
һ䣬ȴӺʱ˲侹ɫһ䣬ȷϱ˼ûУֱӽۣ̿ڣ
˫͸Źԭ˵
龰ǻŵͷ󺹣Ͱ͵͡
Ȼ쵽ΧǸλȥʱȴﾹѿտҲˡ
ӺֱһѾסǻ죬ڣ
ǻ֧֧ᣬŵ²ˡ
ԭ֧ĶһɲһԶĳλһָȥˣǸλȥˡ
˳ŻָķԶǽһɨֻ·ԶԶһƬɫ½ڿһʧûһƬֽС
ʱһ̿еĻ漴һźݺȥܲ˶
һߵߵһɿ⡣
ѹ˲óϵ̫ԼԸһ·ХųŷŰ뿪ķҴҷɱ׷ȥ֮ǰſعŵһڻݵպĸٸͷ


99 
˵ųŶĴС׷Ѱ˺üȦ, ϽֵһӿԶԶһӰһȳһյģţ䲻ͣ, ڳ··
ȴҡͷͷҲصˡ
ǵԭ, Щã, , һԵǽһȳһյļ, Ȼ˫ȴЩ粽С
ֻһ, ˳, ǰɡ
ϸĥһ˳, һ, һ׷˹ȥ
˵޷ģ޳, Ů, ƽһԼ˹Ԯĵز
ߵ̫Զ, , ˫ű۵, , ӦĥˮĥѪˡ
ĸдԼеЩϤ
Ϊڹг, ȥԶĵط, н˵, ڹʱ߹Զ·ȥ԰й, һʱ·ֻԼ˫Ÿµ廨ЬԼˡ
Ψһ＾Χʱ߶ˣҲ߹ôԶ·һɽУΧԳȫˣ׷ɽȥѰһǱȽ˵ģɽ˹ǣɽеȼ˻ѣȡůˣҲɽģɽ±ǰſûκ֪飬Ů
ȷ˵ϵĵһξһûɽҪɽˡ
ʱΪĽ֮һ
ϤĴн
㱼䣬첲䲻һֻסһɪɪ
ôһ˲䣬Ϊֻص˵꣬ʶػͷ㿴һϤȴǵţǡֺһĿһһϣڼֵǵĳ˵Щʲô
ֻԺ졣
ôһ˲䣬ֻ綼ֹƵġ
һƬžֱ֪˶ãֽߵƿеţģĴĶߡ
ǲǹ˼۸ˣ˵
ɽȢΪô
ɽǸ˶۸㣬ֳȡ
ٶŤˣӣܲǻŭö̫ˡ
Ƭ̣ǻú޲Ҫȥ˺˹ɽ֪Ƽ⸱ģˣץס֣źֱ£û۸ңû۸ң֣û۸ңĸ۸ңҿǰ
һ˵ţǵһμŭæţһʱǿԳϼһ΢ǿǳЦװһϲԾ֪Ŀף֣ڴˣôˣɼˣԭ㵽ɢɢģ¼ɢˣԺߵˣѰˣû뵽㣬ɼˣȻ壬֪·ˣˣ֣ôÿζѰҰ
һЦسź˵š
Ц˫ÿһ΢΢һϸ΢Ļߣ͸ϵ̫һ㡣
ǲ˽ⰲˣ⸱Ц棬һ׼϶ãһ˺ƣȻ˭׿Űģκһ˿㲻˫ۡ
ɾϲǿջЦһʱĿһ̧ʽ΢ңǼͷϸּܲȹ̵أմһػҳȹµһ˫廨ЬЬ澹Ҳۻ಻
ϲ࣬ʮ꣬Χ԰ʧһأδǱ
һͷ˿ˣýķʱķȫͷ˰ݵǱݡ
ЩҲˣؼһĨʧȴʹߡ
ΪĴڣʢ˵ģŰ裬󻪹ģΨ־Ǳģ
һ䣺ôˣ׷ˣǲǹɽǻ۸ˡ
׺ǻıˤˣ»䱦һŵҪˣøˣʧҲˣ˲
޲ڱ뽫ﶼʶ
Ȼǰɪɪ򶨣ǿջЦһǵģһãǿѹסŭ𣬵۵Ϊֶҵ㣡
һ˵ţһеӣһһ氲ŶǱǼϸ
ӹв漴ЦԳ֣ǲǺûãûŮź㿴Ҿؼҵ·Ҳˡ
ʱ˵š
𶨶Ŀ޷ֳ
˵ţֺܿߣΪִ칬˪նؼˡ
˵ţʶ뱧ŰȻһ̧˰еһۣǸΪ˷
˵ؼҡ֣ʱ˫΢΢һ죬ȻƬ̺󣬺̧ۿ롭عң
֪ΪΣȻ뷨
һ·Ѱҹҵķλ˵Ҳ棬ʮˣʵÿ궼˹أȻÿλȥǳ֪Ļعҵ·ŵڲ̫ߣһ·ȥ֪
뿴˽ļҡ
ãɪɪȥıȥĶΪعҡ
˵Լʻһ·Ͱ˹ҡ
еϣȴİͣ˳ŰĿ⿴ȥһſײһͣսͦȣ߳һ΢ϤӰ
ȷ˵һڵӰ
ֻΪ׵һλ˹ĵӣԼĪʮ£룬ʰøɸɾʱһ˰࣬ϴһ۳ԣŲī͵ĹټҰ࣬£ʮţһ̤ӣһ֮ͬ˵Ż
űһƢģ
˵껰ת˹Ȼֻӭ澹һʮֿӣѲᣬЩ˪ˣȴ˿ڸݲʵԶԶһȥܲ²⵽ʱһģ
༫ãҲǼõġ
䣬ֻƵƵͷԭлǣŸСŮͯŮͯ˫ޣһҷȹ۵ʮֽɰСŮͯһֻǣһˣֻǸѰ£ʵòòһۣΪŮͯŮʹ֮ģһȥּɫòƽƽȻɫˮһ۱ܶøеˡ
䣬ʱֻ˹˺һѽеŮͯܵ˼ϣŮͯ˵㵸Ǹƺ΢΢ܾһ漴ҵŮͯһۣȻżŮͯ˲һ߽ʲôһ߸Ӳ˲ȻƺָøŮ
ȴӺżϵŮͯһ·ɿԶˡ
˼״Цס׷ȥһֱ
һ˵ЦһŮͯؽֹȥ
ŮͯĿЦһ·üԶԶ
ֻӼΪ죬Ŀã֪ӾǡҲùõķүҲǰˡ
˺Ůͯûв´ĻӦǹ˵ɵҼŮ
һʱɫ΢䣬Ťͷſڳϵİȥ
ֻɫضԶıӰֱֱĿţţã૵֣˵ûа
˶٣ֵڸǲǻȲһ檣
һ
ɽء
˵길ǶޱȵľأȴҲֻоء
˵ʱ˵ţȻĹɽȴЩȫһ飬ȴʼղȥ
ңʹǰ֣滨ӣûзŹһһȥ̽ˣܹ뵽ĵطȫȥѰˣһջ񣬾ڹɽƽܲϺ˪ʱڿʼ֮ʱʱڣʣСؽǹҩޱ˹ҲǷϵİŮӻ˹
ǹ޷ùҩɽ̫Ѩͻͻһɫһ䣬ڷӦ˹ԭֹŮӣ˵˷Ӧ
ּǰŮӻ񣬹ɽҲסˣקǷᣬתٶȷ˰ٸȫѰʱù˼ҵİ̽Ϣ˵ʱǰڹſڳûӵҲһʻˡ
ɽȴϢһ
ΨһĵһգжڣǱ㡭á
Ȼһ̣һݡ
ֻŴۣǰȥסţ˴ӹعҡ·ٶһ·׷ȥԼͣ㳯Źŷ׷ȥ
л˵
ж˵⼸ЩˮˮָˮݣֵЩ£Ϊ⼸»԰ǰĺӦʵҲǽΪʲôʼǰŮΪŮһûô̬ǿӲԭϲδĴտʼʱĥһΪڿĶ߻ֻȻʵĸоˣû뵽ȻǾˮûдˮĶ漸ʱע ݷɣķ70%48Сʱ


100 
һĨϦûƺ, ĺɫ١
С･ʼơ
Ǻ«ˣͶȥ·̯ʳ, , йķı, ȥһ֬ӹ֬ˮۡ
ǽչŮһһյж켣
ԭ, һһĻ澹ģ, ܰ, ʵ, Ȥ
Сʱ, ӽԺ, ÿ̫Ὣĸ빬㰲һգǸʱĸ׹ÿλһǺ«빬
ʱ, Ըһû̫ӡ, ֻûʵ۾˾ĸʣǻʵ۾˾շæ, ͬڹ, ÿҲ˼, Ҳĸ䲻, Ҳϡ档
ԸΨһӡ󣬾һÿ¸һαǺ«ĺƢˡ
֮䲢ǣ, Ů, ΢Щн, ԶԶЦſ, ɫЩӣ׽־Щʴӡ
ʮԺ̫ÿȥСס󣬸ױ빬ˡ
ʮ꣬ʮһ꣬һظЩѵĳڣ˵һ˻عңͬͬ⡣
ʵǸʱ뾩꣬һֱװչţһֱųݣһֱӽ
һֱȢҲһֱ檣һֱΪʮꡣ
Ǹʱôشģ룬˵Ҫȥʻĸ
Ǻ߱һλңһλȡĸ׵Ůӣٹһ˵һˣ״Ŷӵӣûã˵ֶ˸á
ʵǸûλңһֱû̫ĸоûסһһһʱͳڹദ£Ҳһֱؼް٣ᵽǰǡ
ֱͽõD뾩ԸDһֱǸôΪţʵѹһֱûôϡ
ڲ֮ˣõźķѶ񣬸ô
ȴҲÿÿΪDĴ̼żҹλ֮ʱż룬׻ڵĻĸ
ֻ֪ĸ׿˸ףûоܾȨ˵˵ǸǸϼҵģʶ÷
һ·ãǿ󲻵á
磬ĸ飬ǿ󲻵á
磬Ůĸ飬ǿ󲻵á
Ҳ֪ϲûκξԵ顣
Ʃ׳˴ᵱԺյŮˣȴڸ׵ĸԶȲһѰĸˡ
ʵҲûʲô˵ģһֱûеĶȻûеĻҲ̸ʲôʧȥա
֮ĸ鿿Ե֡
빬ңǽԵˡ
ʵһֱѵģôһֱڹ֮⣬ӦûԼˣҲķϹ
ֻǣҲ֪ôˣǵҪƸס
·ƴҪ֤ʵЩʲô
Ҳá
˵飬һα֤ʵˣպҲˡ
ֻǣɽҲһ
ǲҲ걻ĸǰԴĸףҲأ
ʵǽԸģԸòԸ֪ڸЩƣȴԶǾԵơ
һ·ԶŹҵҵĸۡԣͣ·ڣԶԶĿڹҸۡǰͣ£漴һҵĿӭȻһǣ̤˸š
ԶԶĿһۣһۣԥջĿ⡣
ʱˣһŵùˣͶһظգҲЩع
ǰɫ侲ĳݳĺ˵š
Щŭһܲһ·ѵóĬڵİ˵ţƫͷһۣ漴ǣá
˶٣밲οЩʲôգ죬ȴֵǻؿ
ȴϣһ䣬ֻŵóڵİǻءա
ճһգҲֳ֪ʲôˡ
ôΨһһԡ
ǻ徻һ
β칬һ·ոģ罫ĨԽɢһһˡ
ӦûظӦһɽĽͣ㡣
ǰǵһɽǵĹأ
Ͼ侲󣬰ţһྴ޼䲻Ǽٵģһյɪһҹҹĵ඼Ӧ˼ٰա
ŵð˵ǣ΢΢һ٣Ƭ̺ҪתͷʱԶĸۡźٶȱˣʱѵòĴҴҵĴլͷ˳
˵һض飬һظеĹܼҴҴ֪һ罫ĲǰҴ̽ˣ䲻ϸ˵¼ڴ̽٣Ӧǿˡ
ܼһһ䣬ϳĳʲôˣүС˷Žʱ·һͣ·ڣСļ˺üˣһֱǡ
⻰һ乬ɫ·һƬ̺ʶĳֿܣֻҴҷ˳ȥԶԶһֻһ·ڻͷ
ҹɫ谵ϵã빬׫ϵǶӵݡ
˲˹ģԶԶ·ڴҴһһǡǋOˡ
һ͸ֱӴ˹ڰĶС
ǹˣ
һգƫͷڵİѵҪȥ
һͷĵģûлӦ
ֱ֪˶ãƽ߰ա
⻰һ䣬ûụ̈Ȼŵһա쳹ʡ
ʱȻڣֵʱֵ֣㣬ѵþףʶӷŴ
ֵͬĽֵϺȻһ֧ݵʿ飬ﱦڣ쳹ְ֣ĽֵϣһƬֻŵһա·Ǻصʯ涼ˣɼٶȡ
·һֵȻԽԽԽԽǳλХ
ǰƥ·Ӧʼ궯˷ܡ
סոհסƥȻһ˲һ󾢷һӰһԾ˴һ˱ֱֱХȵ½ýͣǵǰ

ɫĺѪɲ̫죬ֱվǰֱڰкХ˻쳹ʣǰƥ˻С
Ҳ
ԭȵģȻüˤֻθڣһգƣۣЩҪ˳
ʻĺۿǵǣΧشת콵ƵӰɫ΢΢һǣôĵ
ɽűӸµɨǰԼʻĺ漴Ļ϶δţֱֻԽֱֱĳڵķֱȥãֻɽ˫Ŀһһҹˣûظˡ
΢ӿظ


101 
ǵϤͷȻʱ, ź֪ʶ淢ʲô
ԭǡɽ׷ˡ
ôҵˣ
Ҫ֪мһ·Źת˴ǣԼ֪ԼһҪȥĵطĶǲŸոβŹҵ⹬Ҹլģ
˲ŲӵĹ
ôʱģ
ĪһֱѰ
뵽ܣ΢΢һ, ʱһ
Ҳ, ͵͵, һⲻ֪ȥ, ߼Ů, ԻĴѰ, ð, ʱ
ײɽδӵǻ, , һʲôҲ룬ֻƴԼ侲, ȥɢɢ, 磬֪ȥѰ, ʶܿ˿, ɽѰĵһĿĵرǿ, ˵
ôʱ, ֻ˵⣬һǴɣø, ȫѲ, ٹ켣, 𷽲ͷǵХ, κͣЪıֱҶ
ԣɽ֪ѵ˹ңֱӳŹҶġ
ڳʱɧĳ棬ѲʲôʱΪǳ˵˻׷ˣ֪ζĪǡѰ
뵽ܣٶһ
ûܡ
ź֪ʶԼһССľٶɶ˵һضɽҡ
ǻӳ嶯ˡ
ţһʱеӣ͸ʵĳͷȥ
ֻһģĸߴӰ棬򣬿飬ֻŵƥѪŨصĺһһҵĴϢš
˵ɽﱦƥϵȵĺѪԭһƥҰԵúܣ󱻹ɽѱģɽ൱ϲȥΣһдӼȴȻ᲻ƥȥģ˵ǧ
ÿһϢŽյļҺƣ
뵽ĿҧҧΣɫ΢ɶˣֻ̧֣˳ڽҪƿһ˲䣬ʱͷѹŭٴڳͷֻһһĳϡ
ôţǣĪǻɣ
ͳѹŭ
ŭ⣬ڽհĨʧˣĺߺޣӦþӦø¸ҺǿһЩģΪɽǸԼΪǫǫӣԻᰮԻỤȫȴûϵùõûð׳٣ҵĮӺ͵ûߺޣĸҲûн״򵹣Ȼͷ֮˾깰õǫǫӡ
Ȼûϣʧûаˡ
ô꣬һڰϿı顣
һİܹ״ܴݻٵı顣
ɪɪ׽ɰЦ磬ڹλǸºͣĬ֮ˣֻк֪ԶŵЦ⣬ʵܹߵ
ôҲһĸһټһȻʱ˿̣֪ʶˣһˣԶǼΪҪռеλøԶһЩ
ԼûʶԼʵÿҪˡ
ҧɫĿŹɽ
ɽǳޱ顢һԲĶź
˴ʱĺɫţз׷ײӿ
ֻǲſöĽš
Ժ˷ؾ󣬹ɽԺ෬ãǶӣֻǿĶ֣ϻسϦ֮ҹ԰ͷɱɽ׷½٣񣬾ֲͽǷ޶֮ˡ
ǰǿö֮Ľӿ߸ߡ
񡭡ǣ룡
ɽ񽥽
϶ɽٴĵҲһֱҪͷȴϣںͷһ˲䣬ǹɽֱһԾȻٽϺֱֱ
ûϵɽ㵨죬ҵдɫһ䣬˫Ŀһ
ѹκηӦʶؾٶǵܣֻֻʶɿܼȴܵһ˲䣬ɽһԾϣУһ˲ȡλá
ʶռȵľٶŷӦһûпʵĽʡ
ɽҪҲʾֱӰγ佣˾ֱϿ
ֻγıֱ̹ɽţɽʵסһ漴ֱýԣ˱ȻʮУ׺ݣɽͣδγسм䣬ǰͷƥܾʼ궯ɽսһ̺ٽֱӳı۰ȥ
ɽܼ
ضһݡҪʼʻںҪһ˲䣬һӰɽϵĺֱ£˵ڵأɽ·𱻼ŭˣֱӻȭĳźȥ
궯Űɿسӿڶȥ
ɽ״ѹ˲ºֱ׷ȥ룬һץסɽȣֽڵϣȭسŹɽ¡
һȭһȭŤһš
ۿʧرҪɱԶˣɽһѴʯϣһ󣬷ŻŤһŵĺѶãһͷżԼϲ֪ʱһۣͭ۵һ˿ϣһ˾ο˽ϡ
Ǳ˿̾βʯϣɽ
䣬ͷɽһԾһڴ죬ƥѪɱֻɽһ漴Х׷ȥ
ĺɫڣ߲壬ڵľͷۿٶȹ죬Ҫͣˣǰһºʵשǽۿ˫ڣҪŶשǽֱֱײȥȻһǧһ֮ʣԶԶǹɽ׷˹ȥƴ׷ڱеǧһ֮ʣɽֱӴܾһԾ
һ˲䣬ƴסתשǽһ·ʮԶ
߳ĳܶשǽĥƽˣұߵĴҡҡ׹ĹϣҪשǽһ˲䣬ڰҪ˦˦שǽϵһ˲䣬ֻŵáһ
ضɽҡѵƽ
ֹͣߡ
ڳͣ
ɽͣȵһ˲䣬ɿ콫һƣﰲŸƴʸ󴰵Ĵأ˲ĵĵ̺ϣɫɷףһǱ֮
ɨ۱ĥжСߵȻһôһ˲ҪͣЪˣֻǰϥڵ̺Ͻ̱ڳڵ˶ƼһһǱȴ޴󰭣ֹͣź֪Ļָ
һʱʧյ˶һʱ𷽲žĶǵһ̣ʱһʱ˫ۻʸŴأɪɪ˴;֣˿ɿİ
ɽֻǻһŭŲӣؿھҴŲǻͷ·ѹһ޴ĻɽܷţҪӿȻǰһţһǱ°˦˦۵Ǹȣֱһڵһ죬ɽǰɪɪݶڴİһʱֺŭܡ
бܡ
ɽֻҧضݺݵ˵ţһ䣬ֻһѽ˶˻
һ̣ɪɪ֮˻ɽϵĳһŻ֮һ㽫˶һѼҸ±ݵѵȺһԵĿϣĺɫХڶȥ


102 
ҹ΢
Х, һƬ硣
ɽ۵糸ͣ㣬ٶ˿ȷǷ跢ѷɫνһ·Ϯ
յڶߴ졣
̫, ҵ, ֻǰ, ܱԼ˦
Ǳѿȥ֮, Ȼδ, Ųһغ, ɪɪ, ֱϤϢһһɼĴ, γѡĸо
֪, ɵˣҪ˦˳
Ҫ, ŵ, Դ, ¶ֻӯ, ԹĴ
ֱϤϢ, еһһĴ, ֵɫŽɢЩ
ʵļ⾫׳ޱȣ¸źصĲϣɴ, ðò, һͷ, Թ, ɻе⸱ֵһ˲䣬̼Ψһĸľ
ıϮǽʵ׳һһײڰϣðҧأһʱֶԷҪ⡰Ĵ
ǰǻǴܲԷƴѹƵһ˿ŭ
˽֪µҹҲ̹ǣͷһĳڱ˷纮
һʱڹɽؿڣá
һ·
֪˶ãֻŵһͣЪ
ǹɽ̼䷭ʱϵİһ
һδŰֱߣԼĪʮಽǹɽһ߱һߵǽǣڿš
һƬںġ
ڷսʵѻɫˣ潩ӲȻӲͣȻˣȻһ촦
⡭Ķ
ڰУĴӹɽ֧һۣһƬڰһƬİһʱ΢΢۵㡭ҪĶ
ݴ˵š
ʱչԸܵڣɽ˵ˣȴһƬȻ
Ҫ֪ǻؽĻһƬ졢¡ƼȻһѷˡ
ȻܺһƬȴѹͲǽ
һš
˫ʶһסɽؿڵ½
һ䣬ȴҹɫ£ɽ΢΢°͵ȥѰӣˡ
ɽͳ˵ţ͸һɵļ˶٣³һôţһڽϺйʱ򣬾Ͳڴײˣ
ɽҧ˵ţẈ̂Զ䳰ȷ˹ĵʴྶͥ˵βŰɨֻۣŲͣһ·š
һ䣬ﻹһǡ
ԣһʱ΢΢ҧҧҭ˵仰
Ȼڷһߵľ֮УȴҲ֪ᵱ˵ǰ㽫ˣһʣѵ䷢ʵȨûô
ģʮĶӡ
ǻطһδڶԷϿ䳰ȷֱǹ
ڣôһ˲ðͽĳִǾǣʲôʮ֮Ƶģǵŭġ
µǸ
ôŴյĹ򣬳ô
ôһ˲䣬ˡ
ճ˴պԽɢˣҲعˣҪöع˼ҵģأһԲɱ˹һɱֶ̱ڹŹشתһȦ
ûǴĻոµ
Է䳰ȷòɢһȫð˳ʱֻе½һɣ㿪ʼ˫ţ΢΢
ɽȻһ·һԲıֱҹ̤š
ڵĺҹīŨֲָ
ûеƣûһ˿죬ĵģ͸Źӹļž
ֻĴɭɭģĪĻҡ
ɽǴĶ
òΪյˣ̣Ψٶܣһ֮Ҫΰգ
ԭΪԼ㿷֮޲Ųʣ㿷֮޳ȻҪȥ֮ʱȻ򣬿ధúһ֮½㿷֮໰ӣƵýζ
ǻ󣬰ÿһͷķȫĴɽ
ǰǴãȻնԷסڻ󣬰˲ûЩȫɽ档
ǣðƴ
һ·˼š
֮ĻԽԽİԽԽĻţţһʱɪɪҪɽʱ룬ƣʱɽȻһֱͣӽԭط
һ̣ϽԭأײӰ

û뵽ɽ̼䲻Ӱ
أ
أ
Ҫ
ڳ󣬲Ͻܾ˵ͻؽȴ׵Ľһİĵط˵ˣǵģɽɽԭأԼˡ
ʲô
˿̾ʲô
˲һȻ
ܵġ
ۿڣۿ֣ȴָۿŰҪԭرߣ޲öźҹһãܣܣܰ˱Ҳˡ
ôһ˲䣬ţɽǲǹΪ˱һҲֲָĺҹ£ҲԳ˶ζ
˵ĻǡǸδҲ̫˰ա
ºڡ
ɰղ꾪ĪĳһĪĵط˸ϹЩȻ¡
һʱϵĳҪŭʱȴ֪ɽ˿̾ڴʲô⣬ŭػߣ˲Сĺɽ㡭Ķ
ɽװʲôŪʲô㡭
ʶ̽ƣǰţһʮಽ̲סߵɽ
ȻŸһָ㴥һƬʵš
˲һϲƴץסƬ½һ̣ʲôһʱָĳսȭͷݺݵسƬȥ
һȭȭȭȭ
һ߰ȭ󣬰˫Ȼ΢΢һ졣
Ҳ֪ΪԷĹϷŪΪյԹֱţȭһʵĴУͬʱһ£һĹȻںҹ
ɽһŰȭͷһ߾һӣ䲻ڵɻǵô˴
ɽûͷûβ˵š
˵䣬Ӹ߸߾
Ĺ߽˲չ¶š
ŷ֣վǰ˿һĵͷ
ɫǰδеġɫ
ҹ΢ĹûīҹɫУȴţĳֺĹӰУɫǰδеרע
һ˺ޱȫչ¶˰ǰ
˿̿˿ȫΨһֻܹɽ
ɫ·ͬһºȭͷ˳Źɽػʶسܿȥ
ŷԼ˿վһ⣬ɽվһڡ
һһ⣬վš
ɽ˵⻰⣿
һɣĥ΢Ĺ߳ڿȥȻֻɽھİྫΣ߻谵壬ڵľʵ̫̫Ϥˣ´Ҵһۣ˲䷴Ӧ˹ﾹǻʼԺɽͬĿң
ɽڴҹģ˻ʼԺ
ʼѧԺ
ѹĥ⣬һ̣һ̧ϴ˿ǰīɫе͸һרŵһ̣Ȼ鿪ʼҿ
ΪһѧʼѧԺʱڴ˴ɽӭײˡ


103 
ʼҵöרŵķ빬ѧ, ƩӶӾɣɾ󳼻̫̫ʦԽ̵ʮתʼѧԺͬһѧ, ÿѧ, عɷӵڿΰա
ͺعȹŮӽڡ
ɽĩؾ, ؾ갲, βһ괺ͬعһתʼѧԺ
ڹʱŮӽһһڿ, ΢Ȥ, ȥԺаѧͬ, ȻַǷ, ʼԺʮȼĿ, ȫȨŮȥ˻ʼԺ, ͬڴ˵, ڣʶعͬ˷׷ڴѡ
ǻǻʮ, ͬعͷһسμӡ, ڴ֮ǰ, С, ǶμӵĲ࣬ʶѧʼԺͷһѵ²
Ů̫಻ڣ׷ױ˶ͷ, ͷһŮ, ѿ, ѵڵĸо
ûмϿ, һһѰǼ׵ȿң׵ȿǻʼҿңͷȫǻʼãɽǲڵģȻʱ˼죬ּ֮ոջؾܾʥ죬ǱƸҵġ
Ǹʱͺ𲢲֪ͬһһҵĲιۣողι۵ʱҪڣʱع䲻֡
ʶŤͷȴֹסˣѳ롣
ǣһŤͷӱ㲻ڶһǽֱֱײˡ
ǰż
յĻҹһޡ
⡣
ҪҪ
ǸʱʮĹɽѳ꣬һɰأʮİʵͻСһͷĻ
һԵɡ
һһ߻ͷײһ˫Į˫С
һ˫ͬʱֺõ˫ۣûаַӭûаֽʧɫûаֿľ죬ƽ޲˫ûκ˵һӷ֮ɫ
ֻһƽؿ
ź֪ķӦԭײľǸոջؾߵĶ۵ĶͷʢλСү
عŻԭǼüŪۣһ˷ܵ·˵쿴쿴ǹ˼λǸ硪
ȴ룬һЩûײ
ʮİҲѳͤͤǻˣײһ׼æǸλСүûаǸⲻ˵ǵüĿƺûҪǸ˼
֮֮ǰõĹϣڴֵ£ЩСһкʱҲѵСһǸ硱ȴϣ˼λСүβ䵽ϲ˵ֱתˡ
Ǳʮذһ ⵽
ǻκһˣڿĵһʱ䣬ͬкˣλǣǵûбˣڰʾõʱѡӶ
ǣ󣬹ˣ֣㳹밲ġˡ
ţʲôţ
ģⱲٿһۣͲǰ
ǣڿſڣ˶Ƭ̺󣬼ԷһԲֱͦո˫һֱĿбӣޱԽԷһ̤˿ҡ
̣˰ӶԷΪ
ջһ֡һ֡ڰԺ֡
ʵһʮ΢飬µĳУȫԺԲƵ֣գ仰û˵Ȼɽ˷䲻ἰ⻰е˼ǡҲǼǵõģ
һʱš
һ˲䣬ֻԺȻð˸ֵͷǸͷʲôȴһʱζץסţȴ־ϱҪ֮Ƶġ
͸һ㱡ĴֱֽһͱˣϱҪλڰ۸ǰˡ
ʲôأ
ŶԷһ˫Ī˫ۡ
ȻȴװźͿŶ˴ǻʼԺҹģʼԺʲô
Ϳȵʵ
ȴϣǹɽԣ˫һУ˫Ŀһһظɻǵô˴
˵䣬ɽ˫ڵ˫ĿһضŰȴڴʱ̧𣬳żһ̤˴
Էף·ݵļƣֻýһҧǵϿεĿҰ
˵ţǹɽһ壬ָĿڵˣҼˣǵѧʱײҵĵط
װģ˶٣ҧҧ˴˵ǫѷúأ
һһ䲻޷̵˵š
ôȥˣ֪ĻһĻ
ײĹ壬鿴ʾĶûеģɽ˵һˡ
ȴϣɽԣ˫΢΢٬ĵ۾һôǵõǿײҵġ
һ䣬ֻɽе΢ڵſǰǸˡ
ɽ˵˴Ȼһһۣ΢·ŵЦ⣬ȴת˲š
û⵽βĵЦ⣬һ˿̱ҪĻʱֻЩĿ࣬һŵǸǸô˼ģ
һʱûҵİҪײˣȴֺδ㲻ǰѯʲ̽ҲˣһͷǸô˼㣬˵ˣ㵱꣬Ҳż꣬ɽҪ𣿡
Է˲Ҫۣú޲ֱš
ʲôڵǸ
Ǹүģ
ÿָͷڷ
ȴδϣǹɽ˿̾ĬĬܻƬ̺˫˫۾Ϥ˰ϣɨţ·ڶ̽ʲôʱֻ΢΢۵ڵ׮֮£ǵõΪ
ɽ·˵š
һֶϹɽ˫˫ۣʱͻͻһȻһȣֻҧصû
߳ŭ˵š
ɽĿڰ΢Ķ̽һۣʱֻŰһһǵؾ΢ڴ˴
һ䣬ӦֻǹɽŻһֱֱ̤İײ
±ٶײܣȴɽһ־Żӣһ䲻ץס֣һ·ֱӳȥ
˿ѹԣ֪׻Ҫ
ǣ֣ʶػеһ·ţȻɫȴֻЩ£ӽǾ䣺ǵؾ΢ڴ˴
죬ĥ仰ʱȴɽŲٶһָͣԶһŶڴ˴ͶͶʮΣʮβУ΢ʵƲȥ·˵أһͶУΪΧ
ɽ˵䣬һԶŶķһա
΢΢һ죬Ÿ˳ŶȥûüŶĶţֱ۱ٶһֻǹɽŰһ·ߣ߱߼
꿤䲻ͨһаӣ΢ΪԵļУ΢Ծռƣſеһġ
δοԻñȣָأ͵͵»ȦȦӣ΢Ϊѷġ
У߹μֽ𰣬ֽ䵽΢ͷϣ΢Ҳ뿤ƽϡ
ȻУӵĶЩӸǱĶΪգ΢Ʋȥ䳲ķųΪΧġ
˵ҹҹ¶صģɽŰڻʼѧԺشÿһѧԺĸ³£ðҹǿ䳰Цġ
Ϊ׮׮Ϊͷ¼䵽ȴһȫ෴İ汾


104 
ʲôʮͶʮ, ʵڿȥŴͶΧģ
Ҳǵ飬ѹ˵ǰ塣
ʱԺĹŮعһͬͶϷ, Ӯ, һҪٳֵĻ, , Ͷ֮, Ⱥ, Ϊ׻ĸ, һκ, һ˿, ֻһЩ廨ֽȾϷ
ǣһͶʮ, һζûС
ؼǽ˶, ȫ˴ҴҵΧͿͶ˻, Щ, ʶî˾, һͶвݵļơ
ۿֻʣһ֧, ΢΢һЩţڵ֮, ʱһֻ̽˹, Ȼеļ㲻Ӱ, ȵʱ, ֻһеļȵͶе˺С
һ㶣һŤͷ㿴ɽϼżŰ˸ߵĹպôӰ·
ϵĹЩѧѧϰõþߣһţʼѧԺĹϵȵĲһܹʮأѧʱһЩһŹԷɽȴһӱ㿸š
ðգⲻص㡣
صӰ·ʱֽеļһѶ˹ȥȻƮƮĳźһӣͶʱƫ磬۶ûгźڵķ򿴹һۡ
׾ٵĽͶ˺кȻ鵭Į·Ƶģֱ治ɫĿŹͷҲصˡ
ƮƮĶ밲׾ĶγĶԱȣͶԽףԵԽûá
ûг򿴹һۣ··дŶ԰ͱġ
ѧ󣬰һǰ
ֻö棬ͶУǱǹСүļЦˣʱΧ۵ǧҲ׷۷׷ףЦ
Ǵλع󣬰ջعǿǿܹͶУΪˣ۵ָͷЩĥһ
ǶٶôǶʹƵġ
ޣ
Уǽְֽеĵһ֮ǰóļļ磬ĸ첲һϱӵë
ʲôΪѷ磿ڿտ˵ĵطĻȦȦӵģѹûˣҪİѷô
ӺΧϴϤϤ죬ʱŵðΪ˹ŵðһ߶šӷ𡱣һ·鿪ˡ
ѹֹ͵͵˸˻¾˱Ӧ֣
˲ᡣ
ڵǸ߷ߵֽ𰣬Ǳɽû˵ģУУ˵ô۷ҷɣԺʮˣҿȺϮһŵñͷҴܣҲЩ۶ҧһǱܡ
Щȫڰеɽǫǫӣ㡭СˣԻʲôΪҽΧΪҰѷ磬Ҽƽϣ㡭ֱԲѣҪЩ궪ȫǱͣ
ֱֱΪӡ
Ʋ
ţ
һ𾪵ˡ
ֱ۽磬š
ɽָһȫǰΪĶʱ̣û뵽ⱳȫֱʣ
ͬʱΪ˵ѹûκνȴֱȥˣֱ׷ݵΪеֵز
ɽĳ֡⡱̬һһʱֱҪִˡ
Ȼȴһ·קýģ鲻֡
ֱɽαһ·ǣ˿ҡ
ظİɽɿ˰֣Ȼߵҽ̨ϵһ͵Ƹȼˡ
͵ȼա
΢
漴ɽ̧ۣλƵƹ⳯ɨһȦ̧һһ˵ţλãƿǴ
Ǹλãǵɽλãꡣ
ʱİȻڷ߷߲ƽΪЩȣǹɽԼλҲû룬Ҳһ·صԼλϣ漴Ťͷɽݺݵɽ㲻ҪٽȥˣڿʼҲ˵κλκ
Ҳ뿴ŵòȻ
ȻڰݵطйһͨҪӰתȥʱ룬ʱɽ͵ʵô
ɽ䲻Ȼš
ˣʲôôȻ֪Ͷ֪Żŷҧضѧһ˵ȥ䳡ֱӶģ
ܲ
ֱĸƢθξڷ
Ȼһ̧ۣȴ˿ǹɽ˫Ŀһ˫ˣͷκˣһƬ
ʱɫһ㶣㡭㲻֪ô
ȴǹɽ˱ͦλϣ˫˲ްָǽոſһ¡
ɽȻ޳ָſһãʵ
⻰ʱ˫Ŀڰϣֱضš
ٶһ㶡
վ࣬һչñһ»Ҫḻڹʱԭ˼δһϣɾ꣬־ҹλʼԺôһµĴϤǰһ³׸һɶ
ǰôԺˡ
ɽʵɫ֮ˣʵ˲ϲ˵ı˵ĸࡣ
ƺϲͣŮһ£ǰײδ̸ܽһ£ٺĹغδԶΡμһ£ٵײӵһ£ɽƶϲ͡
ǰڰ˦£䲻ԣɽȻԭԭȫһϧˡ󰸡һĻ
ڡδԶΡһµĸްһ¸ˣ֮һϱСĹ⾰漴Ĭԣֱաӵһ³ױ
ʵǲɽδ˽йңδź˿ǣ⣬ڻĻ٣һִŮʱʮʱӶȴδ֮ԲϵĹڻ
ĲɽԵŮӽ̸˵ǣ̸˵δ룬λ䴫һѩǿδ룬ʱΨһŶ
Ķģֱ΢С͵ڰ͵͵̽˵ȴţ
͵͵ϲǰȴûиӦĸͻӦ
ǣڵ֪ͬһѩǿ֮ˣǵķзǸűٵĹȵ˶֮ʱ֪ǾŸԨԴ
ǰ⣬ߣڷ˫۷죬ȫʧҪܺˡ
ô
Ȼǻģ
Ȼʱ˿̣λϣǸǸλϵһηԭ֮侹ôôĽ
谵Ŀҡ
ζι⡣
Լ˫ι²Ե˫ۡ
Ȼ
ʱش𣬱ǹɽǰ˿ϣŰһһͷһΣ֪΢г˿ݲκˡ
ɽڿϣ˫ֽոڿϣŴŰ˫һһ˵š
һ䣬ãȴûܵȵκηӦ

ʱİԹ죬Ѵ㶵ΪԼϣ˻þ


105 
ɽǹ˷˵ʲôʲô˼
ʲô, гݲκˣ
˼ǡҲĽĽԼ˼ô
˼ǡҲ͵͵ϲ˼ô
˼ǡҲ͵͵˼ô
ֻⷬĳŤֱӽֱԭأһģֹͣת, ֹͣ, ѪҺֹͣ, ˴㶵, ֻԴһתġ
͸һ˲䱻ѩϮԭƵġ
ɽϲ
ʲô
ϲ

ԴһƬ
Ѿȫ, ͸صǰĸһ, ող, ʲ, ˶ҪպͿˡ
, ûзգӾҲػˡ
ɽϲ
ֱĻӻҪ, ֱЦĻӻҪЦ, ֱ㤵ĻӻҪ㤣

ţ
ɽǹƶ, 俴Ǹֱ, Ҫ, ǶĻӲ֪ж, ɲĶ֣
ĪǡĪδͲˣûּշӦ, ²ճ, Ƿİıôһ, Ҫ֮ڸסǰ׮¡
ɽôܻϲأ
Ҫ֪, Ǽûʽ˵仰ΪʲôϲأӦð
ѵ󵽣ÿ˵໥˽⣬ܽжĻǶߣɽĻǣ
һţʵеģɽϣôô˼أ
һʱģ㶵ģþû
ʱֻ˫һеػеת˼¡
ϳ˴㶣ûйκηӦôϲҲôֺ͸ж侲˳ĵز˵˵ĻǻƮܣûȫλ֡侲
ԣ㡭ô˱ݲ˵ģ
ֱ֪˶ã侲һĵز󣬰䲻еķš
ʵҲ֪Լ˵Щʲô
˵ʲô
죬˵ʲôԼȫ֪Լ˵ʲô
еʶѲ֪Ʈɢηȥˡ
ǣСֱͦ壬ޱʳôһ仰ֻɽ΢΢һ飬漴˫۽
ţ
ɽһø⣬Ϊǻϲģᾪϲжģȴϵȫ෴ķţһ˱ףԷȴޱ飬һԷ̣֮⣬Īڷ˵ųݲκˣʵȴ˹
˼ô
ɽʱüԶԶһ侲Լİ϶˿δ
ǣֻɽã˾ǵǸֹ֮κιϸŴ֮ϣ΢͹ˡ
˵ţֻɽĥƬ̣˼ڻ䰲һڡĵ㣬룬ٴһѵԭԭܽ͵ʱἰġѩǿһ˵ȷһ£ǵ΢סԺһҹѩأҹѲӣȴײҹĿҹҹȥ鿴һײλҹԺֹλСӲŲʮһ꣬˵䣬̸һѩһ˵
ǱμᵽĹ꣬ǵ̫ķ֮أҲΪԾ֮дһд̫֮λֹҪҲ̫ǹˣչ֣΢κιϸ𡪡
˵ɽһʱ̧ۿ˰򴽵ΪҪ£ͷ֮£ұᣬһŮӼƽϣռչйƿҷ֮½µŮӼƽϣ¹ؿҲ˽ǰȥһȴϣûü飬ͷһŭ͵Ļᶼ΢
˵ֻɽŰ΢΢һ壬ֵһҵԹƣֻ΢΢üһŭĿŰ֮㣬ֹﲻǣڹϼأͻȻʮǰԨԴҲֱղ֪ȵСԭղǾ֮һ׮С£ҲϣֱײδϿˣһر˵͵Ļˣ۵Ļᶼ΢һ֮¾ͬһգ˾ǣ¿Ǻ
ɽԭںúͬδЩľᣬȻ͵úúõģ޾ϸһһ˰ǰ͵λ˵˵ţ䲻һת䲻㵽˶ӵͷһ˲䣬ùֵֹģֻ۳ųֵֹˡ
ԭţԺȻ죬ȥκλ˼ѹκμУڹɽһ֮ʣǰ˲һֻЩżæŵҪǡ㾿ô±һ˵ģҪ㣬ôݲ˵ģ
һѣԹһŹ˾һξóĬԵĹɽᣬһ¡
ĲҪһ䡰˿Ҫһ䣬ôģ
һѣֹﳤ̵ֹá
͵ʱ͡
͵ʱƫ˵ûꡣ
ôصأ
˲伱ÿҪֱˡ
ɽ˲һ£ʱ·Щ궯ɽɫƬ̣Ӧ˹һʱβһ΢һֱֱŰϿȥ
һ㶣ԹӶҪԼˣżæŴߴټ䣬ǹɽһ漴ԶԶĿ⾼յؿ
Ȼһ㶣ź֪ӦԼＱˣŶԷ˵ԷôĽĽԼԼģ
ʱȻһ͡
˵
߳ŭˣ붪˾ͶˣھҪ֪ôֻݵһ˵ġ֮ǻᣬգʮֹϼƤѡ˺ߡ
ΪΨһĻᡣ
յĻᣬˡ
ؼǣöҪץˡ
ŵ㡭㵹ǿ˵
ҧš
һ䣬ֻЦЦĹɽĬĬһġ͡ڻֻһһߵ˰ǰ漴ֻһ˰Ҹ£һ漴ŵ˿ϡ
ڿϣվĸǰ
ɽ̧һ˰°ֻͣĿתǰų˼ĺʱۣȻһƬΣջްôֻݵ¿ģ
ݵģ
һ䣬ֻǹɽһһּ̧䣬ֻŵûһ죬ſѾɽ˹밲ſһͬʱĪǹɽһ
ȵʱѱǹɽŵ˿ϣãȻڿϣǹɽԼĻһһ죬һƬ½ϳ£ټǹɽһΣֱ̬ĶŰ漴һס˰ĸ첲Ȼĸ첲һѷֶͷ漴еĲͷϵĸ첲һһ˹˿ϡ

ôֻݵģ
ɽײּ֣ͬҴĻᣬǸ͵͵ȦȦӵǿ¡
ϲ
һĿŮĻᣬҲǵһλǵĿʼʱԺвȻĳһһգЩϵ
һ꣬ʮ
Ӵˣﻹݵˡ


106 
һǳ, գ֮䡣
ԭ۰Ͱ͵ĵǹɽġסȴϣøûܵǵȵ˶ԷġǿưԵ
ʲô
һˡ
ȵǹλʱ, ѾǹɽƵ˿, ˫ֱͷ, ̼䶯ˡ
һ̧, ǹɽڿԣͷֱֱض, Ŀڿһֿɵõ, Σֱ̬
ʱֻһɺļƤƤһһð˳, ̶һַɿٶ˲ϯȫ
ɽ, 㡭Ҫ
˼ˡ
ֻһ߳ŭͰ͵Ķͷϵˡ
ֱסֽ, Ԯĸо˲Ϯȫ
Ȼס, ŵ϶ã
, Ҫʲô
֪΢Щг˿Ҳݲκ˵ô
ɽ۶Ű˵š
˵䣬̧, ֱָֻᴥ, 漴, , һһḧ
ɽָ΢˵⻰ʱ»Ķ, ֻһߵ߸ڰ䶯Ƶ, һḧ䶯, һߵ͵˵Ӻ֣ж˽ʮ㿪ʼ, ΢̵˶ʮΪΪΣ
ɽ˵ţһƬһƬҹɫҪŨҼ֡
ָĶ̶̶
ָ֮أ˲һƬƤ
֪
ɽ㷢ʲô裡أſҡ
ҧţ֪䣬УƲסš
ɽȴ˿ûᰲǿиɵĿǣ˫ָ֮˲糺һƬеīɫŨֻյϿգ΢΢΢ʮѳˡ
˵䣬ɽ΢ָ⻬˰°ʹһ˰°ͣ۵͵Ц˵ʮ΢뿤𽵹ˡ
ɽֱ̬˵š
һ䣬ֻɫһʱ৵һ৺һƬ
ֻĿš
ɽŲһֱ֪ôǺã΢ձ׿һһ佲
һ䣬Ӧɽһζ΢ǵһΣ˶ȥϰˣҿһˣΨ΢һڿҿ飬ʱܹ΢һأڿϣȻ󣬿Լ½󡪡
˵䣬ɽ̧֣ǰ㣬һ˰ȻŰһ
˲䣬һɣĻͬ㣬ƬƬӰϻ䡣
ɢͷİɫ¡£毺õչ¶š
ɽ״˲΢΢һ
˫ĿֱضŰ½ǵĵЦɫ΢ӳ£Īı̬ɫ顣
ȴ˲৵һ£˿첼һֻͣ߳ŭҡûУ
ҧɽ㡭졪
һĿɿڴ
ֻƵģǰˡ
ʶҪҪԼĻ۾סȻɽǴ̬ȴȼ֮Ƚ˫סˣ̼䶯á
أɽҪʲô
ǿңǷڿεĵطҪʲô
̣ع棬òɣȴδ鷺ģⱲӸû˵䣬ԼҸۡҲǰʵʵΨлصԼԷŸҽЬˣԷһЩ
³ɻˣǹɽҲڴǣΨһһγ񣬻Ǹ¥ǴΣǵùɽŭ죬ڹǰˣǴΰߵ࣬һնĹ۲ŮǵķӦΨֵʱǵôЦ
䲻ȴڸ⣬ׯʥĻʼѧԺǸѧԺĿңϹĿңҡ
˲ܷ߳ߺ޵ɽΪ˹ĵĹˣ㡭޳ܣ㡭ס֣㻹ſ
㡭Һҡ㣡
ţϹɽǹ˿ᰲķ߷ߣ̶ԹԵؼ۵ʱԼ½§ס΢
˵䣬ٴ֣̽޳ָ䵽İɫ½ϣֱؿţȻɳˣֻʱҸҵѧǻϿΣһҷڸѧǽ֮һѧǳǡȻʱȴܵĽУί΢
һ䣬ɽָһ˰һƬɫ½
½һƬǱ㼡塣
ɫĶǶסһƬ֬Ŀ֮һƬչ֡
ɽʱ΢΢һ١
ֻõξ˲棬һһĳԼǰ
λãȴġʵ
˹ǣƤׯֽɵĵطֻĳֱ̬ĻҪеĽɣˡ
ɽ˫۽죬ңҪֲ˿̾ʵξ֮ʱʱȻһ͵͵ڶһ˲ǰȻɢȥɽɫһͷȥֻ˿̵İת˹ȥҧŴˡ
ţ޵ίֿ
ɽһ㶣žһ£Ӧ⣬ˡ
Ļҵطɿȥæͷ첲ϵĲ˱ɽСȥᣬȴһ²ܿٲٱܣּڿϣͷңһԣֻƫͷĬĬᣬɽҲ̲סЦǿһ֪ô΢Կ˼ҹء
ô񲻹ʵ飬ȴˣ
ǣˣ
˵ţ룬ֵģûˣѧԺͷж˿أкԺзҹ⣬Բ֮ûκˣ߿Ҳ˽֮ұ߿Ҳ˳ǡҿ⣬˴ΨΪһˣĪߣ
ɽ͵Ц˵ţȻһ䣬ҧȭͷһȭһȭŹɽؿںݺȥһȭһȭҵ۸ң۸ҡ
һţһ߽ӲŵСû˸۸ңû˸۸ҡ
أ̬̬۸ң۸ҡ
űɽǱ̬ģŵˣΪҪ
Ҫ⣬֪
ɽȻ֪ɬ˼ɣҲ֪̫ùʶ
һգô꣬ͷййߣ׷йˡ
һȭȭһȭȭţֱʮȺº󣬹ɽڽϸСȭͷһѽģһʱͷһָϵᣬһ̲סԳ΢ֻ߿ģ΢һֱϵã΢ˣж˼ŵô
ɽ˵ţ̲סչȥŰüһڣһһɫĽӣ
ⷬĵġøֻùֵֹģҲ׵ôôεķʽ֤ðգˣǸ㲻
뵽һദȷʵɽǹ˶ԴºƸԣΪ˶ŪһأʱСΧתƺüգΪһصĿ
Ա˵֪Թɽ˵·ûκȵùһˡ
û뵽ɽǸ˾Ǹ˹ĹµĴ̬һˢʶ
̬֪ܡ
ҶЩɫԵΣڿǶȥˡ
ֱÿҪŻѪˣץ䣬һ̧ۣöͷĶͷרע˵ôһ䡣
Ľӣ
ٶȻһͣȻ
أҪľһ䣬һ
ɶ¶ûˣôƫƫҪŷӹ۸
̲סĻϲţԭɽ˾氵Ľϲϲô꣬ôꡣ
Ȼڱҵ˰Դϵĸо
ֻüʵ
ǰһȴʵΡ
·Ϊӡ֤㣬û̲ס쳯ļҧһڣ˻ҧۣء
ţţ̲סһٶȺҧһڣȻҧҧҧ˺üڣ̤ʵˣһڳŹɽؿҧº漴ֻݺݵ̧ͷвҲԱˣ
һ䣬˶ԷһۣƴԼ侲ֵܱ̫ԣ룬̧ͷͦأ̬һˣǿ֪ˣúÿģջ𸴣ʱˣͱؿգ
֧𳤳Ĳӣһ˲ӷŵСްָֻǸİǰǡ
ɽ˰˻ȴ΢΢һ
ؿ
ǽ
ո𸴣
ʲô𸴣
һ䣺ȻˣǷˡ
ڲڻǰףҪȢúÿӦ
ȻˣҪôúÿǣĪǿǡټһأ
ɽЩ¡
ðգѽˡ۸һˣɽɲˡ
ٺһء
ɽЩΡ
ɷӣҲ쾭塣
λӿǸʽʮģò趼οһ׮ϣµҪǰµЩһһ
˭ǰ͵أ
Ӧȱ⣬ϰȢ˳˹顣
Լӣɲøʹô
ɫ磬ôãɽ飬Ͱ˿
л˵
½дˣһ㡣
ʱĻ
һ½ĩβСһ£˸С½ڣ¿ʼ֣ǰһŶ


107 
˵ҹ, ظ˲佫ȫˣȷ˵Դ翤үѰ·Ѱ, ǳҹƻͨ, ȫѰҡ
ʶǻʱҪҹ, ǳҹδ, ֡յ˸ǻӭǰ
ȴ룬ǴҴҸϵſʱ, ȴһ˳ԾĻ桪
˵Ŷûǹɽ, ֱżæšԴǵĽˡ
һ뿪, ʱҧŴ, 󱳵˴ű, þûκηӦ
ֱ֪˶ãٶȳϺݺһѡ
˻, ۡ
γѰ㡣
ģ
һоȫġ
ȴ͸Ƶģ
Źɽһֱ۸, °ߡһЩʶɽǷøı׺, , , ϲַ, һʱ䵼ǻͷԻңȫ˼ˡ
ֱҴҽ˸ߺһʱ, ֺ֪ϲͻϲŲԡ
ɽҲϲ, ҲĽ, һֱ
ˣ
Ҫ֪, ⼸ǰҲ飡
䲻ϣԼɽ˵´࣬ٶŵԵģòϣƾС
ǱΪⱲȫܷ飬Ȼһû˿׵ķˣˣֻˡϲ顣
ǹǰƣţ飬ʵôϰǰ̬ĶĿˣ񣬽˸ߺһʱеĸֱܵϲӵΧĸо
ɽϲٺ١
ɽϲٺ١
ǵһӹϲŮ·İٺ١
̷ֻ鷢Щɬ
ʲôζ
ҹλʱշת࣬ҹ˾ĳҹߣʱֵľɬ
Ǹ߰ģûиκ˳Ϲûκ֪ôصС˼Сܡ
ĸѿ̽˼֣ȴΪСүΪҩ󣬶ķİ֪ôݡ
عǿ̽Щֺһ֮ѡ
ϲĽǣŮλεȻңɲ֪Ϊεϣȴ߳ܺѿ
̵ֲø۰㲻һĸ֪ôȥ߱Ťֱ׾֪׸ȥȥȥӵЩңɼİ
ǣֻһĪں߸ϵ̬ԼеС
ǰѧԺʱÿɽԾʱֱܻͦˣĿбӣ˲СĶһۣһƿĿ⣬˲ûκνҲƬʧʧ䡣
ʵǸʱİÿյѧԺܹԷһۣҲܹˡ
ʻ䣬ţԼޣôûκһۣҪޣ£Ψһɽۣܼ޸ҧҧˣȻһӲ˵Ϲˡ
ٺԸ޸ɽ꣬ҧ꣬ǻκһˣһŽ߳ʮǧˣɶԷǹɽҧţƾͶһƵģҪɽҪںεء
ٺǾྴʼģĹɽҲϵǰб䵭Ƕ˳޾ϸ
Ǹʱ򣬰ţྴպŹȥա
ǣȴԭ̰ĵģʱſһ۱ܹˣʱٵöãˣҪ۶
ҲҪͬȵĸӦ
ɣ̰Ĳ㣡
ǣû뵽үݺ˰ôô̰ġ
ɽҲϲƺֶΣȫĵǺƣȫ
ܹĵ໤
͵͵밵໤ײ
ɽҲϲ£˿ȰҲϲɽ£ѷɫ֡
ϲܹԼҸ֣ҲϲȴܹԲ
ĸ㿴ô
ɽǸҲϲŮء
˿̣źҸҪ
޲ſ˫֣ȦһԲǰںڵһɤӡ
ǣһȺظӭʱȴһĿĻ棬ֻһҵĿźֿЦֹŹ֣񡱡
Ҫ֪ɹԽس󣬿ãֹˣΪ⡣
ʮ꣬δ㡰֡ģ
뵽ʧһһҹȻظ˵ǱүͻģȻҹˣүΪβͻؽΪֺιŶ롣
أͷȾһĨõԤС
ֲһ£ҪɫصĿ첽ӭȥʱ룬ʱһǡ
֡
ֻȥ̽
ȴʱɫһֻȹڱ㳯λ
֣㣡
֣죬һ¡
յ㣬Ҳһ£ա
ѹּŮյӦһڽ˹ֻУһץֵԼһȥյ
յһۣˣ
ͷһ
յ֪ɹȴǰĿЩ죬֮ǰİ̫޷İ
ʱ꣬յİ·»صꡣ
źĹɽ߸ϣŸۡƵЦ̵̧Ŀڣ̵ֻأһһȼȼյʱֻĸǳǳЦˡ
Ƭ̺һ򣬺Щڡ
ԭģ˵ļס
֪ˣ֪ˡ
Ҳ
л˵
쾡12ǰŶˣ2ǰ
˸Ⱦˣ£ʶģʶĵʶĺܶ඼ȾˣɳıǶעŶ


ľ⼸βЩ⣡


108 
˵ѵûؿһ, ҹȴһֱ˯һŹֿǿһյҪȥʮ﷼ͥɻ廨, λ࿴, Ŀɿڴ
, ֲ˵, ֻ֪һġٺ١ɵ֡
Ȱֲ, ҹĺ޲Ҫ԰
, , ԡͰԡϴһ, ȴ, ԡͰ˻ˮźŮһˮ, յԹź, ԹֵġҪЮͣ
ȵʱ, ѿ쵽ĸˡ
, ζ˯, ϱȥ, ȥһҪԲ裬Ȼȵյˮݹȥʱ, ȴֲ, ֻͰ, һֳԴ, һץסյָͷζİյֿƯ
յָ׳ˣ޼޽ָװա
յ
һҪյһͬ˯һҪյӣרŵɾ˫˫ɵ֡
һޣһֱڵʱ֣žܲסƤܣ˯ȥ
յһҹδߣͣһҹģԷ
Ҵñӣڴ齱ؿſ˯ˣǵЦȻ᲻ʱյ΢΢һƣҲظȾ˼Ȼ֮ɫ
ᣣյС£ҪʱʱֻѺˣյֵ˯أ
յЦŵ˯¡
һɣͷȥƣЩҩ࣬һҹû˯òѪ
˵꣬תķȥҪȥ˼
յ״һ·Źֲֵū澸˿ôãû˻ģ
룬ֵϻؿ˯ţǴǰҹǻؿĵģûǣȴ֪ʲôϲ¶ˣūһĻǲ˵
յ˵ţ룬Ц֪Ƿүйء
ȻүΪֹŶأ
յЩĥ͸
ԣȴãüСʱʶЩСͷŶʮŮźţߺ޷ģʵʲôҲܳԣʲôҲ棬ܼ̫еýиʲô¶ͷһŮ̫ǶӣƫƣΪŮǲ򣬴СԹԾӲ£ʱСٶ£ҲԵģǿ˵ϣȻҲÿÿһ˳ŮС̫ǣҡͷ˵棬ö֮һӡ
˵̾һܹ̫ˣƽۡ
ֵ˵׻ȱ˵۰˵̫󽫿ɿߵײϵϱССߵǲһģ߹ŹţкУأȥʺ󡢹ʰιĹʲôģŲԣӼǵãڿ꣬һظʰʱĴ·һ˴µĵģùˣһڶûóԡ
еþˣ͵þлˣ¶ϰ͵͵һţ񰡣ǽ˼¶ˡ
̾һΣֲ¶һĨοɫ
˵һһﻺųȥյϣͷ˴Ҵ˵ǿүˡ
յ˶һۣΪǿҲˣȥӭˡ
˵һģɽһɫٷͨ񻪹ͦȥŵ;ƵĿں˯ûн˾ѣֻƿڿĴ齱Ͽһ֮ãһᣬˣ˵̽
һ䣬ֱ뿪ˡ
յֻЩ⣬˼ӿظģҲҪӿظ˼
Ǹʲô
յˡ
Сʲô˾
ɼ䣬ʱѾĿɴһ٣ֳڵյ뿤˵ҵĴ𸴡
˵꣬뿪
˵һһҹһֱ˯ʱ֣ڱˣһ˵ɽˣʱһ
յСʲôֻ棬ϡ
ǷᣬɫһΣҧӹ
ǰϵǾǰڹɽ鷿ֵһȷ˵ǰ
֮ǰ²⻭еŮδ룬ҹ֣ʱҧŴСǳǳỺؾ
֮ǰ⸱Ůӻûûһ洹ĿŮ񣬲ȼʡ
һҹٿ⸱ʱֻеŮӴ׵Ͳ䣬˲٣ȼʹţȻ⼸ʣճһ´ȴޱȵǡ
ԭɽŮӾȻһֱ
ϸϸȥлһյԭǻеİʹŵС
⸱棬ôô졣
ſţͷһȻ
ǰǵΧϣʧǻأɽŵС
ԭľ߶ǻأ
Ҳ˵ǻױʻģǻ󲻾ܿȾ컨ûãЩһغٺǹɽðǰҩ
˳ŵĹ켣һһ̽ţԽ̽ıԽ
ԭһжмѭġ
ԭ꣬ڿĵطͬʱеġ
һʱ˻
ôҩѵΪѰô
Ѱ˽һ¡
뵽Ȼ
л˵
ʱ䣬͸СȷŶ


109 
˵ڶ, ɽһһӣ뻭ͬڰУԵһ飬ԭǰ֪ľ
, ɽһһѻȺĢ, Ģ, ϵĲ
΢΢һ, ²Ǹ䶼תֱӰգ˸ӹ, ͸֮͵Ľʫʸ踳֮ı, ˵, Ģ, Ģ
, ɽ´ҴңŲδͣ, ·ʱ, δ£˸С˱Ҵȥ
һʱƲƲ, ŲĹ⾰, ôһһյķ, ͵Ķһһ, Щ˻
ʱɽ˶ţ˵һ޺춹, ڶȺһ֮á
ǹ޺춹ʱ, ΢΢һ, רŵСϻȡһֱ, µĺ춹һ˰˺춹࣬һʮ﷼ͥ
ʱɽӻһľޣһޣһŮޣ޶ֺȤüйɽԼӢŮüаĽһһ
յϲһˡ
С޼˵òص㣬ͷЩʦǵ̵ģҲ˵ľޣǳԹɽֿ֮
ǣǸЩհô༿һҲչַֺôȢ־ͲϡţǣȻţñӳŲܵÿ졣
䶼ЩֵǮС뵽ɽ˲Ǹÿʮ⵰Ŷԣٺ»ҲųһˣټĽһһٺ»ݰ̨ģټϣɽԿ׶͵ˣûǮЩЩҲˡ
ȻЩ˻ĵģľޣûչ̲ѵЩ֡
һʱñ׷ĸоǺã˵ɣЩؽˡ
ЩŮǣһɰĽŵô
֪ͲǰＱҪǵûаư͵ĸ϶ɽٳ£ǹɽȢȢĻƱػ̧°ͣһġ
Ȼǹ˱ҲЩСֺô
룬ЩڲǰյЩ⣬յЩ⣬ǲͬģϷˣ䰲ȻϲǸʮʱյЩø˷ˡ
һʱԼġＱһʱǹɽĲɫһˣĥĥģȥˣô֪꣬Ȣôװ׵˺ü꣬ˣֱš
ú޲ľϹɽǸͷ
£æչȥ˴
ߣһ
һżȻûƮƮģƶˡ
ڹɽĽݾ޴ϲоþô㶵ģȫȻ
һֱ˵죬ڴǷݡͷ˹ź֪ڻʼѧԺһ·ֻʱɽǹǣűˣǷĵøȫȻͷˣչȥˣź֪Ŷˣһûʵģû͵ģлУδһ£㳹˽ģ
һֱΪɽϵδ룬δδ룬Ϊһжǹɽ⣬ɽδûаֵǣҲ˵δһֱŹɽ˿
ǹɽϵδ룬ôһΪǹɽԭδ޹ؽҪϲΪһ
ɽδû˿꣬δεǰٰ̬ƣǾȫһˡ
һƾ£
ǣ¿ûôõ¡
ƱҪʸһˡ
ԱΪɣȥˣҪδ뱨һŰӡ
š
չɽǹʱϸϸһ⣬룬˵գþûܵȵɽ
룡
ɽǹʧԼˡ
ǣڱûģǸڳǰȢӵģ
š
Щ࣬ҲûпܣʶŹ󣬰ȥʮ﷼ͥȥ鿴ĺ춹ЩСǷѿ
룬ʮ﷼ͥתƻˣûǹɽӰ
һʱ̲ס°ڴµĹһſʣĺ춹С߶ţ




ͥﻹСİϷ޷һ׷һӣһӣһˡ
޶ûвġ
յ˻ͷһ⿴ֳģֱҪ˾飬һʱֺЦԼĪǱ¶˰գĪҪżºһ׼̽
յָ˼΢΢죬ϵûżҡûٵյɱϹ˵
˵꣬һź춹ʱ䵽ˡ֣ͷһҭȲģҪһ顣
ʱյ˱Цŵչ˵Ҫȿ𸴣֪տɷһ𸴡
յЩٴʲôˣ̽ţλӿڽʵý˿͸¶ֺ
յһһ̽
ȴ̧̧°͵ÿ顣
յЦøˣҪټ̽ȥʱһ׮£ˣ˵ͷһ׮£÷зġ
յ˵š
ڴӹĺ춹̽ͷ룬Ҫյˣʱͷһզզߺ໺̫̫ˣ⿤Ͼ͸˼ɾƵģô棬һˣһˣһҲû㵹ãһܵɾңˣҪһ˶ǳƵĽǰɣֱ̫˼ˡ
ʮĺǵüžķͥܳ࿴
ͥڣϤСһ֪뵽룬ɽǹûĽ¡
ձһȥֵģһ룬£Сǳˣ߶ա
ȴϣе߶ûܵȴһܼĺϢһһ߳ɤ໽кģҽղѰ鷳ģһϢġ
Ҹ㽲δСڵ̳ˣϮʫһ񴫵ôС˾֪ˣЩʫǳд˵ģǰμǶԭⲻհ˵ģ˹˺ˡ
ֻϲصԶֱ״˷ͥ
ﰲ໼ܵʱֱӵԲۡ
ŮδЩʫģ
ǱμҲǣ
ôܣ
ǴŮ


110 
Ҫ֪, Щһ⣬ܹŮҲһδˣòԵ, δȴʵʵԲǵ, δ벻ּŮ, һ, Ȼһᱻ˷һȽϵģòıȽ, ʤ, Ů֮δһܴӮ
δĲѰԺЩԹԹ֮, ෴, ŹӺӢ, ʫؼǻֳѷӵ˼, һ˼, ޲˲ĿŮ, ˼, 
һμ, ˵, ǧţҲδòܡ
ȻһССŮ, ɵˣ
Ů, Ǹʱ˰ΪּҶǵ̫², ̫, ۣ֮¼˶ùһʦʶֶδõ̫洫˲ڣƺǼԶ׼飬ûκ˻ɹĲŻ
ȴ˸߰˵δЩеƷʩչĲŻȫǼٵģϢβĿࡣ
ֻһһһյ
ڽ˻ſڣѰͲסһֱŽ·ӭȥ˵˵ô£
¼ʱЩܳһ̻ⷼͥԻͣʱЩĿֻ࣬ͲסҪԽĹĦ
׵Ľ¶ʱ̾ϢƬ̺󣬽һת䵽յϵյ㷽ָҲ£ǽ˵
ҪѰ˽󣬱ҪĹˣ¶ʱ˲ͰԷ˵˵
ģ˵δЩʫμȫǳ˵ֱʣԭⲻ˱˵ģ˵ⲢǳϮʵʵĹ棬ֱӽ˵ĶԭⲻռΪˣ˵ЩʫʻμǶаʷˣһǰʹڵĶ˵ǳɽµһ֣Ǹһλʦ̫µָ壬Ǹֺ
¡
Ȼӻ
ԶԶԶԶԣ¡
¶ʱָ
漴Щؿһô֪ıģ
Ȼ֪˵ɽɽϪˮ羰ãɽһ֣ԭ¡ˮڶ࣬ɽ֪ĳˡ¡Щ³Ů˴вٻᱻͽܷ
Ϥδʱס£ʱ˻۸̳ս
Щǵߵýô졣

˵
°һ̧ߴٵ
¼Ȥ̡ӵλʦ̫µĿˣأ˵ãԭһ˶סɽ£˲֣·ˣλʦ̫չˣö֮Ǵרž˵Ĵ֮ѵĶΪŮӣҲΪ֮ˣö֮Ůڶ࣬һ֣λʦ̫д֣ǵǴȡˡ֡
Ϥλʦ̫˵ã䲻£ȴ֪֪ܵһֺ٣ҽԼŶݼ֮²֪²ȴʼ룬һպȻʧˣ֪֪ȥ˲²λʦ̫ԭɽеһֻ飬ֻ֪ߺһЩͷݹڹֵ桢ףʶ֪ʿ͵͵˲ÿ̽öֻ֮ĽӰˣһֱ˰ʮֱ꣬ȥһʦ̫أеĴ֮ﴫһʱȻЩﾹˡ
ɲɣżȻײŮĶδһᡮδԶΡñ곤ʦ̫֣ŷµıԭ䵽ֶӵУϤµʦ̫Ҫȴϣ¼εСʦ̫ʵֱҹֱָ̽ӽЩȫȡˣֶΪ˴ڰǰֱű˰̫ްһµ飬ֱǸԽǵܻˣ鳹ױ¶ǰ
÷з꺢֪ͯˣǸδǳ׳ˣǺǣжգ˭Ǹģж񱨡
˵вѧָ߲ܵ˺δ˵˵˳ָī˵ּҼҷ粻ҪȥټּңҪּҵλ̫ͷ
Ҳ˵ıţݺδ룬ŹôһĴԩ˵вҹȥ˳֤
Ȼ˵˵ﻹıδ͵Щżʫʸ踳иμ֮ģͷΪǳԵĶͷйŵͼ¼չ¶綼Ϊ֮һ
˵ͷЩʵôҲϲǸδգԭЩɵģɽǸǰصȺڸͷһ죬ǸĻش˲ȷȷ£֪Ǹصʲôô
°ȰȰȣСһһϣζ˵ţ˵ţ˵ţĪ⳶˹ɽϣһ̧Ͻ¾Ŀ⣬üͷһ֪
ȴ˫ţ˰ĸǰϸϸ̽һ漴˵ѣ֪ý
һ֪ˣҲ˵ˡ
΢΢һ飬ӵһ⣬ȥ˵ա
ȴֽһƲƫ˵
εúúã֪Ҫˡ
ŵһѽһѶ˹ȥһ̵ĳţһĳŰǸ˵ǡžģžǼٵġɲôҪ֪ǸϲҽˣھвҴǷǣھʱǽ˲ҪģԣǸ˵ȷˡ
˵ºʱֵĿ˰һۣңңǸ˵ⷬ󣬾˵ã˵ڸƻ׼ҳߣԭΪǹ˴ħͷģ֪ˣתһ֪ħͷյúˣׯ轣湫ء
»Ծһӻ㳶ʮǧԶˡ
˵꣬ŰüŪۡ
ĥ˭ׯ˭湫֮ʱ¼˭֪ھûѣҳĶȥ޷Ǿǳ嵽⿤棬ǸΪҶҳģشýõϢģߣǸҲ̫ˣ漵ˣԣ㾿ʲôʱؽǸ㣬㣬ˣأˣô죬ǲ֪㲻ڵĵͷҪðˣˣԺﶼʼˣͿԭǸ磬͸һظ¡
˵³߳ˣ󣬰֪ʵͼǣԭĳ˵˵ˡ
΢΢һ顣
ȷʵսթġ
Ųչ򣬾Ϳʼ·ˡ
չȥˣġԡҲѾɢ߰˰ˣҲˣҲˣһ㡰ˬҲδ³ɢˡ
δⳡ粨ǻپˣ̫棬ʵĿ˶þûзӦȻ٣ʵδֶ԰˵ѾôҪˣֻЩꡣ
һŮ̳أ
ôôЩλøУ
⼸δͻ룬䲻ġˮ뵽ǰײԼἰԷСסһ£еϸڰԺдһߣҲǿѨ硣
ΨһǣЩż͵˺Ϊλѡ񱨰أǸðԲѰôιɽһ𣿶񣬴ȥģĪǳԡɽֱʣ
ǹɽ˽⣬Ʋǰ㡭ײ֮ˡ
ɼ䣬ʱͷһ
ˣүˡ
Ůͨš
ͬʱһҵƨɶûˣǸＱɶ졪
ԣ΢΢һŽ̧̧°͵ٲŮɾҪͥˣɽⱲӿɾҲûò绨Ŀˡ
˵š
£
ֻЩĿ࣬漴Ҫ
㻹ٳһô
һսթһҪܣܳ͵ģӿûˡ
ǰʲôⱲҪе֮˵䵱˵͵ģû˵ˣǸͰ͸Ͱӭȥһ˵
л˵
λȫһϵСС¶һˣ¸㵽ʮſʼ֣˯߲ãһֱ˲һ죬ֱˣҪˣӦľˣЩ⣬²࿴Ͷ㣬뿴Ҿ
ҸоҲҪˣ½ʱ䲻ȷҲϣҶע壬ٲҪȫһȾȻæ


111 
˵, ͷһհ˯𣬱չ˵˿ӣ͵͵Ǳ⣬Ϊ, հѵüѰ˸, װģĶ˷ͥ, ǹɽ˺, 㽫˶ͷֻŮش, ׵, ȴ˵ƸƵ, һ롰Сļ, νòˡ
ɽҲѵϺ, ÿһһϹŮ, 硰˯Ρˡ, ϷŰʱǡˡôôȥֵˣͷת濤ȥЪ, ĪҪӲ֮ͦơ
ÿÿ٩Ļʱ, 簲, Ҳһʱ΢΢һ, ޲ýеıֱһ·ҵȥ
ʱϵҲһȥ, Ŀ֮, ĵŶ, ԶԶĳ϶Էһ, Ȼ˦ȥ
ֻþ͸ص˹Ƶġ
ͣʱ
ܼձ͵ˣò֪ߵغһ·ûͷûβȥգɽһܺͿͷ̫ǶûˣҪ֪³ˣûˣٲϻȥĻǰˣɲȫǶˡ
ʶ⼸ÿȴҲЩƼ
ǣ֪ǹɽˣֱӰͰͳŶŸȥ
¶ţͬʱ¶룬ȴڿڵһ˲䣬˫˲ӡ
Բʯţżʮľ룬޶˸һ࣬ңңš
һ˲䣬͸صһǰڰǴƵģǣ꣬һСϪңңš
䲻֮ãȴҲС߰չ⾰˵طһ޶ͷһطֻֿþҲСʤ»Ĵ
գɽȻ겻ɫۣɽ۷ǳͦθսɰأйӽԸУࡣ
ϲۣƷ֥ۣƷùۣۺʱȥŲĿ⣬ѩϺĴ硣
á
һĨɫӰϣҫ۵ðƬۡ
ԶԶţֱ֪˶ãֻԷĿתĶ֣ŲһһŰλ
Թʮ뾩ؾʮһޱȷֱĳġ
ǵѧԺʱٴεĲ֡
಻ǳɻȻ֡
ǣķĿֻ꣬
޹κ
ָоá
Է˼󣬰ҲԶԶ˶ԷһۣҲҧŴ̧˲ӣѵõһҲĳŶԷӭȥ
Сɽ˸
߰˲ԷͬһͦɽƵĴǰ
߸ߴЩסˡ
ٶȶһۡ
֪ΪΣһַ׷ʶطɿƿˡ
β붼Ⱦ˼ֵЦ⣬ȴмĪġκͲڡ
Ѿ͸ˣǵװֵСΡ
ǹɽȷӦһʱȭͷڴߵ͵Ϳһ漴΢΢˹½ֱֱ䵽˰ϣţҪڣȴʱŹɽҳϳ³
ɽüͷһͷʵڿʲô
һ䣬䲻Źɽ֡
һƬϸֱλε̽˹ɽĸǰţ̧̧°ͣһֱ׳ҪҵĶأ
ɽĿһװԵʲô
֪ڹװͿԴһؽ󣬰ǳ׿ǰ˵رԺĿˣ˼ֱȺ껹ȴǻҪ׶թ
գգۣǶܲµĥʲô
ͬϻ
ٶȽƬһظһߴٵ
ɽŰһֱ׳ģΣվ̲סӣЦˣ漴˫ĿŰ˺üյ񣬿ûչ
˶٣ü⸶òӦܹЩ꣬ɻԲݣôԵ飬ܵƵһͷգ˵Ҳǣ
ɽ秵˵š
Ĩǵľ̸
ʱᣬ̸
û޸һ׼ǵִϸһѻˣⱲӶȢƯˡ
ǣ˵ˣ㲻ϧˡ
⣬Ի𸴡
˷ۣ˵š
ɽȷϵ¼Aģ
б۰һۣʱڿˡ
ɽƵģһʱֳ̧½
У
Ķȥ
չɽ޳˫ֿյģΪ˽ѹûиˣ䲻жˣչ˲ζǣ
룬ıˣ
ʱһ棬ȴǹɽ˰ɶҲûֻһһЦЦĿʱȲһ߹ȥס֣ӵȻԼ̽
ϸ۰ָ½
̽̽̽̽
ţ⻹һĹġ
һľ׳
ޡ
ⲻص㡣
ص½˾׳ļǹĹҵļ⣬֮Ҳû
أ
ѹû
㡭ڲ
ʱøű½ŶԷؿһѡ
һӣ˲ǹɽɫһ䣬ֱƺһ
˵Щζ

Ȼһȡ
ЩˣǶţǶ⹴ģʹǷޣչ鲻š
䣬Էװģı
ʱ̲ס˶ԷһۣһವһҪִӶԷ½ջȴϣɽȴʱֱֽ̧һֱؿڡ
֡
鲻
ʱҪٶȿӣʱϸ۵ֱǾ׳ʵ̵ֹǻ
飬飬顪
һһȻ½Ĵ
Ȼһ㶣ǡǹɽ
ܹĸܵһһһĶ
ôô
飬飬顣
˵Ȼý͸Ƶġ
߬ͷƵġ
⻹ǰһɽ࣬һʵʵظܵ
ƣ类ץƵġ
ָоʵ
ôһ˲䰲΢΢ס˺һִ࣬һȻܹоԼԽԽ죬ԽԽ죬ǣľɶһһƽȻ󣬵ĳ󣬾ƽˡ
顣
顣
ǵ뻮һͬƵˡ
ĸо֪ΪΣЩĪжĪ
ܵʱʱǹɽһ߬ס֣һߵͷȻ͵ʵҵĿ£ˣΪظˣţ
ɽһקŰ֣һߵ͵š
˵ⷬʱͳѵ͸һɫ
ͬʱϵشĴָһһڰֱĦš
ƤУһʱ첲Ƥð˳
ҵĿ£
ʲô
֪Ǳָ鵽ˣǱġ
৵һ£͸ˡ
ĳƺ
ļƤҪһ
ҵĿ£
һʱҧҧ
ðգ飬չ飬õġ
أ
ٵߵĵͷһ죬ֳ˽ġѡ
ͷһ⡣
Ϊǵѣһ䣬ȴǹɽ˿Ųæĺ̽һָֻ֣ζ䣬ʳָָмһ˰ǰ
ǰϤһ󣬶ʱ˫΢΢Բˣû뵽ɽ⹷˾ȴû뵽ǣľǸ
һöСġֽӣ
һѪЩ˶Էһ

Ǳ˻
δҲ̫˰ա
񣬾ûһصıҲˡ
ԭΪԽͱԽģһȴûϵô
ЩҪŻˡ
ƣţǰöСֽӣʱһǰһǰҲô塱˽ûϵһȥˣ㳤ûС
һֽӡ
һƽӡ
˲ҪоЦˡ
ԭǾ䡰ҵĿ¡Уɫ򣬲룬һգ۵Ĺ˲˹
νһѶҪϹ?ɽʱʱǹɽڰҪŭǰһ̣ʱʱĲһ䣺ţҪ΢ؼң
ɽǵЦˣһĳŰš
⻰ɫٴһ㶣һֻ̣Ȼʶʲôɿ쿴ЦЦĹһۣ漴ԷӦȻץȺڱȥ
ܵһƣֻ⾹Ѱͣһ̨ӡ
һ

߰ˡ
̧
˸η򹧹ڽԺš
ǻʵİ̧Σ
ֽӣİ̧Σ
ģɫ뵱Ĵɫͬ⣬µģ뵱ʱϲһģһ
ǰ˸뻮һĽη򣬿Ƕݻİ̧Σ֪ΪΣ̲ס̧ס죬˫û̲ס΢΢һ졣
ϣ
Ǹʱ򲻹ǹϷԣ˵ĸĻ̌θŪˡ
¡أ˸η뻮һĻΣ䲢ǺȴҲ
һߣһָ̧ΪͷֽλӻȥˣûϽαһεͷƤ
ô
εò֪֮ʣʱɽ˹ͣڰ࣬ЦЦĿ
䰲˼ּζ˼ֻζȻһƫͷȴǹɽβЦһĿ
ĿƽȻȴ·һƬһ޼ʵӡ
ʱͷһȣãֻ΢΢һʱֻɫưĽһֱͦٽͷ­߸һʱֻǰᳯſһ̧ĺ촽һ֣ݣ
һ䣬һԵĹɽ΢΢һ飬漴ʮλӵǣܿ콫ֱ¡
Сӵ֣һһ¿ⶥ̧Ρ
ǰڶαɽϰ̧Ρ
ǹɽڶֽ̧ع˼ҡ
һأ裬ǰ·
ȫ
2022/12/24

ǡ
ºʮڣһղǵðһ֮°˿Ϊؿº廨ŵֶþɳ̧βſӻء
ţºһ·С̷ңʱη򲻿ɵʱΪпз裬꺮ůӿʮ·̧ΰʱ·ȴʱһʱ࣬ڼºһ·棬ЪƬ̣һ˵֮Ҳ
ժԽԪʮ괺 ºת
л˵
λĵͽ⻹һЩģҩһЩ˵ķ⣬һЩ˵Ľ֣δķ⣬лλһ·鵽ŶµһҲҪӽβˣףµһ彡ƽƽеļǶƽ˳죬һɹһμʱ̣
