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ŵˣ˺ڻбҪ󲻣
ɷӡس׺ڻ
򵥡
ŵСǿģػΪ˿ڣιҩڷһһҹΪƽԶϲĿһˡ
˭༥˭۸һȭ
ոһգУڽֳհ顢ռ
飬ֱǹǻҼڻѡ֡
գʤս飬ȴ֪Ϊ˱ݣЩ˿ŰɱЩ̤ȴԭµˡ
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ŵɵۣĿĲڻ
šǡ̫ߣɱײϣ߬ɱεøлˡ

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δ飬ڱǽ·ˡ
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޳ָ̧򢣬ŵŵжûˡ
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2ڻϸһе£ʳԩ֡
3ŮСü氮
4߾ްŰУܲҺܲҡ

ݱǩ ͢ ֮  
ؼ֣ǣŵ  ǣ  
һ仰飺᡿ڻĲ
⣺ϧǰ


1 
ŵۣһƶĤļУΧǵЦ̸Ȼֹ
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Ųִ٣桰顱ͷԪԪ๬Ǳ߳ˣǼСֹ
ŵһֳŶͷۿӦѣθУһ䡣
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ֵüģɫһȦѸٶӦ顣
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¹ҼСףūҺ
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һȺ˸ŰƺƵȥˣŵ΢һŴߡ
Ժһ鳤ã־άϵͳά޹Сʯ
ҽΪ鳤ϸܾ鹣ţԼ˿̾ڵ㡭
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ԭⱾһڰ¹䡣ȴһڻǰݣ£һõĻ
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ͬĶൽھ޿ɱⱻӰˡðʱڻ䣬ھĥѺȻûкڻ
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.θ࣬ȫ֮ɫһһǽ٣ҲûôҡͻϮ˼־ͣǣһǻļҹ黳
ˣҳɷ硢Ѿߵĩ·Уʵһһǡ
̫హƺͳʧһζϾѪսʤ̺ѹؾıѪϴǡ
ǣⱾĸ˳ɳʷһ֮Ź乬СӲǹ⻷ӵߣСнָ꣬Ƕػλ˺ͼΣ̺塣
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ŵƳһ۽յķţֲɫһȦȿϷȸϤϤ˵ܴҡ
䣬ǱߴһСĶһΪ׵һɫۣԱߵơǱΪֵϺͰˡ
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ŵֱۺϾȻŵһϢƼҹķ紩ֵ㣬һʱĳƶȥ˼֡
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ŵиϵͳпˣǺڼףңѹ֡
ϵͳ鳤㻰е壬ǲǲϲ
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һûᡣϾС˵ޣֻнյľ飬ûôϸڡ
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2.Ű»ܲҺܲң
3.컮ص㣺ֻ뱻.ȹķ.


2 
һصŵ̶žԼϵˣͦءǹˣ涨ҪЧİٷ֮ҹʡ
ϵͳϽ㣬缰ɵ˺Ϊ㡣
ŵǸҧġ
ϵͳһ룬ûˣ㲻ôżɰɡ
ŵû˵֧°˼ĥᣬ䵽Լϡץ󡪡
ϸӡƤۣӡǷɫ
Ӹ࣬ҪȥһˣȻһ¹ƻ
ϵͳôȫƷ
ŵôܣʵ
ƶڻֻһӴŵᶨ뷨ô˷Գ֣ϧ˺ԼҲҪ˵ˣһ˵ʱһϡ
̳˼̻
ϧıȻٱݺݴ飬һ졣
µĶ񡪡߸ůת˲š
ӵйʧȥڻ
ŵؿ˿ϵָӡֿʼͷȥ·ߵ
ϵͳհ졣
Զƫŵۡ
ϵͳ˵ڸƷ˵ضȷʵƫ
ʮսۣսѾǴһƷ򻤽ͽ׵ʿ𣬾ʵʵġҲûʹӣǿƷȻڴһƷ֮ϡ
ȻһλպյĽŹ£ȻסڰһСլԺС
ôڻıǸĺš
ŵӣսڣˡ

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鷿ߣֱϵ˴ˡ
ҹˮԼžޱؽҩڴ͸˿ϣĬķ·ҹɫС
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һʶšü
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̵أŵʲôһæ̧סԼ촽Ȼּ̧们䣬ϸϴĿĵָ¶
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СܾСð̵ֻıӰķɫĪ档
۽ޣĦе塣

ϣŵõԡһʳϵͳƻ
ϵ˺󷴾ۣŵ̧ϵͳǰҳĶŰûù·ҵһδƣû¶Ӱɣ
ϵͳô˵ͦġ
û뵽ϵͳôпϣŵЦ
ϵͳֵ϶֪㣬Ϊʲôֱӳϰ
ŵ鳰Цѽ㲻
Ը̫ˣ֮ܲҪΪ
˵Ҳã˵Ҳе鷳֮Ůڿʱο϶Ϊ衣
˵׷ȥΪھβ̣ŵ󣬱Ȼһʱ²⣬ǲһĶơ
ϾմȾŮԸ˵ܱκһŮ˶Ķġʹ˽û˵
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ϵͳ˵֪
ŵɵϣҲý֪ҲΪ˷ʱˣҪϢˣ컹ɻء

ڶŵĺ磬ǰããһƬϢһѩ
ۣ㵽ױ̨ǰµضԾ硣һνӹŴЩ
ᵹѾ߷㲻Ҳ˵ϷܣŵҲ̫ϰ߱ź򣬻ӻְǴ򷢳ȥɱˡ
ϵͳʣ㣬ȥ밲𣿡
ŵϸµüžüĿ£ѩ촽Ĺ΢΢һЦ
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ŵüЦҾҡ㲻ң֪Լڸʲô
ĩ·ĩ·Ļƾ󣬹֧θ࣬ͳѰֲ˼ϽУй֮޲
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ΨһŮŵӵճŮ˵Ů
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л˵


3 ˼
һҹ˯òȡ
˯߼ǳټ˼ǣδ
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߹ȥ壬۶ꡣ
⵱Ȼĸ׵ֻΪƶѡ
ĸ׵ϽϱȾָķա
ֻǣŵΪʲôҪͻֻŴ֤ǰ.ʵָҹḡ֮٣ܽⷢӣ԰ѡ
ⲽ壬һθЩѽ⡣
ǡһֻ⡣
ˣǾֵĶԲס˼ˡ
Сﻹνĸͻ־ȴȴһ䰲Ҳޡ
жأԼ۸˼ңػḺ˭Ů
漴ɫģЩĮ
ǣǰ壬һŮҲֻʳҲԼ
ԡ󣬻һɫ׳š
ȫսĮսµıԴģÿȥУî
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ݻǣ޵Ļֺ븻ʮⶼܸеһСܳһˣ
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4 ͵͵ϲ
һʱҴңŵߺ󣬸˸Ǳ㾶ֱ뿪Уȥˡ
Ȼ˲δ˵ϻŵһҲżӶ˷أ֪ΣҲڰԺӵѰȻҪȰ¡
еԲ˦֡
Ȼʱŵ򿪵İ˽Ǵ⾲һţϦϣһְ񵭵ĸо
ϵͳ׼ǸţˣҲ͵ġ
ŵûӻȻǸģȻûдţ˽ܣշת֣֮һй¶Ͳˡ
ȥģûһһľȷ
ŵչӳپǣǲɶõĺ֡
üһĿʮпֽֽ꣬ӵһߡ
ϵͳʣôô죬дʲôǼƻһ𣿡
ŵࡣӸɴ䣬Ҳûʲôϻ
ΪµǸŵѯԸԸ޸
ŵùŷĵ˵һԲ͸ˮıɫһ֪쳣ϵʽƯ˿߱ԵЩ΢ĥӦǳĦ¡
ŵ꣺Ӧĸ֮ǰǸ񣬵һ
ϵͳܸˣܽһɼİֲڻֵΪǰˡ
ŵЦˣĶĶѣΪϲţô죬ҪΪ̫ˡ
ŶôӦ
ŵԼࣺƻ졣ȥɽ¸Ʊġ

պ³š
ԭһĳʵ۵֮գĳ˵Ĵӣ˶Ҫ·
ظֱգĳĥɾһճΪСĺӣɽ²ʱ鹣ᡣ
һ죬ҲʮǰǾڱĮѪսһ졣
ĸڳǰɽ꣬ÿ³ţȥɽΪ˷㰲顣
ŵıȽ磬ѾɽйһᡣԭаŮ춼Ǳ壬дԳ죬ŵСĻһ顣
֮ŮĸûнܳӵܣãǼֻǰеһλңȴΪĸʢ˰ΪŮҲˮǴߡ
һµС͸ûڸУɣͷѹţƽЩί
ŵЩ㽫һյļƻЩϸϵĵ
˿̣һô׳ɺߣ⿴һǰЦֵļŮӣϵͳǻжԶ
ϵͳ˵Զأٵȵȡ
ŵ˼ţϰ֮ˣĿټڹǿһ߸ɫ̫˲ſʼ㿴иˡ
ϵͳӦˣѵˣԿʼж
ŵзһͮͮʲ߳
һɺ˵ȫˡɵŮϴЦ⣬ӯӯϲнһĶ۰СֺǳɫǰԵʮۡ
ܿ죬Աߴһȣվסõʲôҿ
ŵŲһ٣Դȥ
סǰСŮĶ
ĳ˰һľһ˫üְ裺أôɵġҿʲô
ԼλӵŵĹŮڴЦһλ̲סֱЦԪλСõĵɽµƽղЦúɵɵģò˰ɣ
ԣ۾һУ˵ı顣
ŵֻ߹ȥ
һѶŵеĶƽߵķֽôô񣿡
˵ƽĴӣ߶ó
ŵСȾϽȥ㣬𡭡
ÿͷػӿŵ֣ȡƽֽչһʱˣһԼλŮЦԭƽǸģ
Ӳ㣬һδԸ滤ӳʹһƽ˳죻Ը߾ꣻԸҺɽٷʢ̺塭Ц
λŮҲЦԭСϲԭϲ
Цֵ޼ɵעԶԾһˡ
ĬӽСŮ
ЩЦУȴú
߾꣬ɽٷʢȻʱ۵΢ɲ췺
ùֽһƣ־ôսˣǹͰ͵ϲ»ҰⲻϹô
ŵǼգԺؾǿǹŮҲˣ˵ʲô
˵ϹۣǹŮظ˭֪ƷеӣĿˣҰģ˸ҲҰټӡĶ棿ûлϺ͸̧٣󽫾ôô⣿
ŵ಻ʾûгսɱоǵĸ̫ƽĶô˵
Ϊβ˵λı£ܳ͢ٺ»ȻҪһֻĹȻԸɷ𣿻ǻʲô͵ùԹԸʲô
ġ
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ΪҡΪ֧ţΪηϡ
ɵһ֪Լ˵ʲô𣿲η壿ðȥ̣˵һԿ
ƴΪ˵Ϊϲ
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Ūúŵؽֽۺ÷ŻƽУվһͷվԶƫԡ
һϮɾĽںڵĳüĿŻɾ
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һһ˲䣬Ȳʱ˵ڱһѩá
ë׵һСţ޺ӼСܶܣվԭ޹
硣ŵȿڹԹԽˡ
ʣղš
š
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˵ŵüһ䣬ƺࣺ磬԰ҸղŶɾˡ
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˵ŵϵͳҸоú𼱣ô졣ύƻʱдôת۵֮ǰһж̵ֻ档
̵ֻٿ׹Ԩ
Ȼ󣬲ǰС
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˵ţȻпϧǸڻҪľ걾͵취ܿľˡ
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׼ɣǵͷϷҪˡ
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5 ˼

ѩһա
ĳһǿ佮ĳһ룬ԽվѹɧĳңݴʷѾӣ볯͢Ԯ
һ죬һ˷ȥ멣һ߶԰˵⼸ձüĿˡ
Ȳ裬ӻˣŶ˿ȡ
ûô졣뱾ΪӿɿãšȹûˣʱѰͷ˾ǡ
һԼĶӣ̼ôУȻƽպЩգϹսǵ۵ģſô죿үĸΣ²װ
ε븵кۿӵƿڳ˲ŵ㣬ɡ˵ɳϢҲкô
ü˼ãֻ̾ðɣҪȥһ֧
һۣĳм֧ӡ
ݾɴ۾һʱȣôУҵĶôڸǰһͷξϿǽĥҵɡ
ȻʲôϵǸебڽ𣿻Ѿּøȥƽˣʱɲξ
԰꣬ӣȻϳɱСݾҲǴӸ𣬵Ͳ˸١
ͷȻĲ˵մ¶Ѿ֪ḵˣû˵ʲô
Цһǳӣ˵ʲôǰҪ֡
˵⻰ʱҲ벻֮졣
ڶգɱŴ
սΣݾһ·бϮӪУɱ˵һ ϣоʮʱһ롣
ûᡣҹűƶһһսƻѹˡ
ɵ˴פӪأͷ˯һһҹڶ˯ˣٱǳԺһȦ¥档
ʱǼսϻδɵѪЦۻ࣬ײͣסŲ
üĿƽԸ߸˴
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ݸţֳһ¼䰲
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ǰһЦӽԼͻţνն֮
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Ĳˡ
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û뵽ôô򷢣һҲޣֻǰѼŮ߶ѡ븸ÿÿ𸵳ǰ̾˵ΪƿƣǸ̫ˡⲻǱסˡ
ʱǣŸȥ˺ӻûǸҰ˴ߣѵڻ˭˵㣿ѼλҺúõ
ƾţûʿȫδţ˭ҲûɣֻѺǰߡ
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ֱ
ɵŭȻֹ
·˿̣ն֮ĸֵĺ塣
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ɲǼ䣬иģͷǰˣСֳ
Ҳɿһ˲䡣
ȥˣʬͻذ˵ԭһʱ󰴼ƻͻϮϪ

ӹл󣬰Ѿ޵ʣͷɢ״踾үүûн´ʱҪʬնٲǣҵɣҵɰ
ǿ̱޵üҧһڰˣڡǳȥʱ򰡣
ʲôʲô˼ѵûдɱĿĳӣؼеûգǸİǣǳ𲻼ǶһֱЩܵ裬ڱǣҿĺӰΪβϳ͸ӶɱʲôģүҪıҪı
޵˫Ѫ죬
ΣɵȷˣҲȷʵɿʥƣôٴɵˣһǾ͵ش˭ɡ
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ңȴҲ޿κΣڲɱûĵбӿ뾩ǶƽսԺ󡪡
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үЩ
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һ˵ɻ˵ǵƣ򲻵Ѳܡ
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ᣬЪ˹еսƽҪøҪ
л˵
עЦӽԼͻţνն֮
ԼƣԹԣŭνն֮
лңκνն֮
йŴʮ߽ʮն塷 ʮ߻ ̨ݽ
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6 ΢

ԭУⳡս۱Ϊ֮սǺıѪϴǣл¾ɾΪҳҲ޷ĨɱⳡսеĲ
ĳʷսȻʱ̣ɱоһμսӱϮѪսشֻܹ˶̶ʮһ졣
Ҳ긵һսۣǾž޵꽫һսǷѻֻϧۣ˶ⶡ
Ϊؾ;У·ʱһǰδеķ
˲·ǰǰҹСһҰ롣ͨīߣצ׼ϲѪ˹ǣһӲƾ֣ΨʺһߡҹٹҰҲ֮ʧȻȴݾ·ʱӿʮֻ֮ࡣ
ʱݾѪս£أˣʣµҲǾƣߡһ֣̲ܲ˷ҧشݾУصı
ʵϣûиֻ½ǧ˵ǰᱻ˺ɾݾѵأָѸӦսϸڹͣһ֮նɱ˶ʮֻ룬ʹ޿ڵĲҾ硣
ۣͬزôصˡ

ѩʱ︴աʼսݣһƬȻĳ˵ȴעһꡣ
·һҹ֮䣬˶еѧң
Ҿ˵󿴼룬żСܿġ˵ˣûŰ
Ѫˣݾս£ĸϲѪܲҧô
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ǰҿҽݵǸַ˵ҧ˵ԽأԽ˵û˸ҸΡ
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˻ᣬϵͳ˵㣬붯ˣѾӵˡ
ŵüǶ졣
ϵͳܲôԴŸûϴ޲Լȥҧ˼ҡǰѡű¡ĻһƵĽϡ׿ϣȻȲˡ
ŵ̾һһ롣Ȼ˵ǵˣȷ˺ܶġ
ȫ˶֪ܵǰһͨԴǿСǣԭչ˸ڸȻһ˶ûУܵĽҪ½ϡ
˼գһӣ׼ˡ
Ȼʹֻ֣ҪɵӶ֪ڴʲộȻҰһƬĬ һ²ؼ߸߹𣬻ϺͰܵģͷˡվΪ˵Ҳʲôô
ʣһЩֱĳ΢ᣬ绤䣬ֻһ΢ķ磬һ
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ŵĦеҩ
ĳԺԼᱨʲôģ޹ء
ϵͳ˵Į
ȻأԽȥʲô°ŵУⲻĮй˽˸飬ҵˮƽߡ

ҹŵϵ˼磬ҩһ·ֵܿصˣϵͳָסĵطȥ
·ԽԽģţľɫưܵǰӦеԺ䡣
ŵ죬ܴ󣬺ܶƧĵطҲûȻδ˾ӣש϶ȫҵĿݲݡ
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ˡ
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һֱӽ֡Сʯϵͳ˼֣ʲôˣ
ҴˣֻȸúðȻѧ֪ʶҲԸṩ۰ײĴ򡣡ŵһ˵һ߽ҩڸĶ֫ϡ
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7 ǻ
֮ǰŵǡѹһЩԼҪӦԡţѸ
磬ǲǣŵһ۸ȣ۵֮ǰǸĲã»Ƽأһ̣һġ
ƺҪż΢ţˡ˺ҧ̫ࡣá֪ءȥա
ŵæҡͷ㲻Ҫô˵
ͷùɴĶȣӳ־ѹģֻˣ͵һġҲԶﴫ㲻Ҫ档
ŵǿʶȻ֪޶޲˵֪Ѷ˰ˡ
죬ȴػûˡ΢ۣͷ᲻ŵغ
ɫˮҹƺȻѩʱ䣬ưܵСڰֻżɴʱŷOO@@ŨҵѪ֮Уһ˿ǳǳܰ㡣
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Ϊζҽ
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⾲ԺĪҪˡ

ŵȻĻ
ڶգϹҩٽԼҩøȡ
һθѣһֱղˡ˵̫أֲãŵ֪ǲѾһ졣ֱ֮ϵҩְϣҩ嶼Ȼδѡ
ŵ˳
յ˻ģ˿·𱻳龡һ㡣˵ҩιȥ
ŵǸӴѧϰĶҩϣµʵʾ顣ϵͳôûΣգô˰ɡˣȥȱס˵״̬ôʲô£̸ʲôͱûˡ
ϵͳƬ̣˵ᣬֻǿˣӲûôԭҲûչԼͦȥ
ŵϵͳʣյôܴܽ첻ѣһҲûʲô壬ҪȳץҸ취ȸȡ㲻ȻװСʲôڶ֪С
ŵҲû룬̷ôС
ϸĶͷϸ׵СָӢͦںڵüëϣյգôߣҲ̫ˡˣСġʲôŵҡͷ̬˴ϻԺͲˡ
ϵͳøӡ
ŵûأ˼ǲһ֮ǰ˵һֱȵûѣô˶ĿػȥǸ⡣类˷֣Ӱһϵеļƻ
Ѿҩι£ۿת˯ҲˣԷȥ˵ͨ
ôһ㣬ҩ˵ʲôҲҪ취ιȥ
ŵΣɸȻһҩ಻ȥ
ŵҩ룬ĬĬһƬ̺Ŀڸ԰׵ϡ
ҪȻ
˼ιҩĿ
Ƭ̺ŵһ᣺ûã˲֪û취ǡ
ôţŵһҩս
븵촽ԶʱŵȻšü΢תס֤ߵڻ֣þ鷵ΪһԼûʲôһֽƬˡġȴڻԡ˿֪ǲǺ˷
ŸĴΣҪ취ιҩ֪̫⡣
ŵ˼ţƼŨܳ˲üšƤ΢ƺҪѹˡ
ŵһϲŵĻᣬίԼˡ
̱ۣѸٵ࣬һһ㿿ıĽëͣСţȥĽš
Խŵܸо̲ĺֻŻ
һ˲оԵ΢һһºȴݷƿˡ
л˵


8 Ȼ
ȫʶȴҲʹǣʼһ֪ڰҲ֪ιҩȣֻʱҲûС
òȴĻ档
㡭տڣŵæס󣬡㲻ҪҶǣ˿ˣҿûãѪء
ŵ긵ȣֽҩ˵ǰѵҩˣš
ȴûоֶ֣˹ҩһ
ŵֹѾҩˡ治ɫĺҩͷƤ顣
ոǿҩֱȥˣֱҪü磬ڲôĶ׳˿ڵġղŶһ£۲۰

ŵЩ۵شս۾Сһ㴿ϧ˱飺۲ۣҪҡ
΢峺ͫԼĵӰһʱʧ
һϧ۲ۡ
ֻ꣬ҩ뿴֮ұػᱨ㡣
ŵæҡͷʲô𲻱ģ㲻Ҫ˵ֻЩ
㷽šʵڲǰ㡣ɲ꣬Ҳᡣ
ŵȻö׾СȾϺΣһֱ쵽СɵĶϣ硭ԲҲǹðġҡֻҩһֱڷգҽв㣬³£ʵ벻취ιҩҡ
˵ȥͷµĺһ
ҡͷصǸҲ㡣
ŵ׷ʣ㲻ô
ίԼ
ŵִ֣õ𰸾ͲģԵֲ᣿
ɫЩţС¹峺۾ڴ
Ρ
˵ˣóô浥ŮҲСûܰ򸾽˱ԵĴа
ɣػŢľǣһĨɫ
ʵᡣ
ֿŵ㡭
磬ûиղյôˡŵͬʱڣõķϣ͸ȥͷ
һ΢΢˫
ŵջ֣ϲ˵ҩЧžˡպҩӦϢҪ˵ˣЩ±˯һһλˣʹ̣ͳ
ŵЩΣóСҩƿڸߣ漴ҵ˱Ϩ󣬱ͷˡ
ֻһִٱӰȴҲů
δ֮ȫںͷ
ŵܳȥܾúԶſڣڿնȴûջߡ
Ƭ̺ʰŵߵСҩƿδοӱżҩ㣬ü΢šƿеҩ赹˳
Ө͸ں˿
ʶôоѹЧ಻ڻ¡ϡ٣֮Ҳֻȼš
˹ˡ
Ϊʲô
Ϊϲ
ʧƬ̣ҩŻҩƿƷá
̧֣ҩƿŻףȴڰ΢١
ڰУƺ̾վǽģ˯ȥˡ

үүһ磬Ҵ߽֣ǸѾˣүѵҪóԺúȹɣʲôʱɿͷѵҪ֮ȥ𣿡
һݣüͷø˵ʲôкóԺúȹտ͹κҩʳѾ㹻ˣ˲ǿǧٱ
ɲģҲˣѵүһֱŲʰСƫԺˡֱԣ¸ӵȵҩķʳòȥι
кβɣասɱ֮ˣʲôûԹһϢд棬Ϣ
ҧվƽ
֪ܲɱ֮ѵȥȦ̾ϢĪ˵ɣֳǸˣ˲У֪֣һ·ϵɵλǰһСŪˣô²֮Ĺ
˫Σ˵á֣Ȼû޿ڣ³ȴҲԽŵȣڸǸˣֱŪǲһ죬Щ»ὥȥʱʰ
һǲˡ
üҸʲôүԺ⣿
̾һ
յϢĮʹձҪʹĳ䲻⣬϶ȷǲǱĮǱʲô
Ͼ飬ǵһʱϢ޾ԣĮ֪ηѾõսˣ֪лʲô⡣
Է˵Ȼ侲ࣺǴ»үο
ֵ˼˵ȣֲӣξδʧڣߣû˰ȶѡɽ˵ñֻ֫ҪӦǰ޷ֱ𡣡
޷ֱ𣿡Ц۽ǴûзֱˣȻǷ޵Ĵ󽫾ǵɾͰˣүˡ죬ֺ֮붨Ҫ򣿱ĮʹãֺαطҪɱɱǳأǱǡ㣬һã񲻱սҲҪǿࣿ˻һãǸûʲôôǴĥˡ
˼Σֻ֣һȥĮʵ˻ʼ档
Уп
ʲô˵
һһ䣬Ъ˱߽սֽɷӣֻүһŮˡ
λŮȻ˵һ˫ĿֱֱŰ
ǳƬ̣ջ˵¡ٿ

ҹһӰѸ̤ԺǽϢӲݴͥԺСһ΢ķ磬һƬҶδ˷š
ѾڴͷһְֻԼϣü۳
ժ¶ñ¶׵ͷϥأٽ
岻ض񡣡
滺һԲشӱȡһʲݸ
Ƕϸߴ࣬ϽһпԲʵƬͨڶᱡ
û˵ʲôĬӹ
ٽѰЩδȸţһӺ˵
΢ף
ǵ˫Ŀ΢ͷעӸãٽһ𡣡
Ȼšƽ
Ѿã־ʮֻ֮࣬󲢷ǴҰϲ֮ءҹΪֹ˼һҩˮֻͿ󴦣㲻ᱻҧ
ĬȻƬ̣ʵҽ¿ɰˡ
ǡһаԸձ뿪˵ءˡūһ䣬ٽҪı𣿡
ϣ޴⡣Աѡ
ū֪ǲһʡѾأūʵڲٽڼʲôûҪĴ𰸣ߣΪסҵĳʲ壬üƲкǻʵ۸ǻӹ޵ٽĳǿ֮ĩȻֺαؿ֧ţ
ͷɪĴ⣺ӦǵãТ̫.游о
ɫ׸˼˼ѻ˽޲֪ǡ
̫.游ѵ룬ػĳڻ壬Ϳ岻ݴǡ
ʹĵǡ
岻˵Զֻ֪һˣѴôȢһӣѵ㲻ٴȥˡ
£δᡰʲôɨһԼȣˣûˡҾʹսᣬֺαıͽһ
һʱĬã̾ٽڣʵࡣ
壬㲻طǣʵҲȫȻ̫.游ѵ룬侲ҶԣıλҲʵȤ
ȷʵˣ̫˽ٽԣǰ°֮ջȨλҲա治׸ԣ˵һ£ٽߴϢĮʹձҪˡ
вöʹǴ̽Ϊǡ
̾ʵ˵ǻ£밲뺦㣬˿Ҳõǡݱţǳأͼ뱱ĮԺ͡
ⶸȻںڵüëš𣺡ǻơ
иƵġҲ볹׽ܿգպ󣬡뱱Į֮ãѡѾ鶨ǰŮ
ٿȻ̧ۣ˭
ĪоһδսʱĿ⣬æظһ飺ŮŵС뱱Įʵ
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һߣŵλϴߡ
ϵͳҵһʵѡǶиϴʱҽҽʮָһ˶ӣŶշ䴫֪١Ҫǣ˵۾ЩһҹͿ嶫
ŵǳһλҽƷϳ˵ҽߣֻҹä֢֮ҹ͵͵뵽ҲúŪȥ
СĽ£ǼһƧ·ƽ
ŵϸ䲻ϵͳгɵ㣬и
ϵͳ࣬ŵʶ΢ٽŲ˵֪ʲô£ĿڻֵȻ10%
л˵


9 ֱ̹
ŵȻͣͣ΢΢˫ǰСʲôˣôߣ
û£ûʲôŵæһѣղͷ£Сߣߡ
߽խСͥԺƿźϵƣơ
ڴϣ˫ۣš
˯༫ãŨܾĽʹĪԵù˳ϸɣĽ͸üȴͬīȾ˕i䣬вʳ˼̻ɾ
ŵۣ˯ôô
˼˲תջĿ⣬ѹ˵Ҹ˯ˣǶһЩҪ
æͷӦȻõġԥ£С˵ЩߵͥԺʰһӲݴưܣҲ
ŵϽͷҼˣл
ţȿˣ򴲱ȥС鷳㽫ùЩҿʵڷ
ŵӦˣΨһ̨˹ȥƵĵƹһСƬռ䣬ͬʱҲ帵ɲˡ
ϵĲϯ̾Ϣҡҡͷ۾ϵɴ⿪
ȻѪɴճŵסСѣ㡣
Ӧš
㣬ҸѾ˺ܾÿ̫࣬ˡ
۽޼һ
Ȼһ߲һߵֻ̾ΪǿӡأЩɡ
ŵæҡͷȴڸмǲСԸѾǼ飬Ѿ֪δлͲҪ˿˰ɡ
һЦûٶ˵ս˰ΣƺҰ˺ҧ¡
ŵҧס´ǡ
ʲô
ŵû˵롣Ȼԭţ֪ҧ˻֮˵˵ǲ֪ݾֻи˰ȣʵʵ˵ܻܿᱩ¶
ŵС֪ܹ鲻ѰҰޡ
ݺӡǷ״Ҳ죬ȷʵѰҰ֮ݣϸ˿Ǽʵϰ֮ˣ
ŵͷǣӲ
ǾˡݺڱչЩáȻôްʱȣѪҲأСĿˣǵöʱҩǧ˿ˣٿŷӸ㡣
˵ţŵŵģô磬øһܺðɣ
ŵ½ǣ粻ϲҡ
ָ΢üǳǳš
᣿Сãô᲻ϲء
̾ټˣﶼȻࡣ̬䵭ȥպá˵Щע
ŵĶȫ£ǧл漴Ҵ۷ظľ
ȻѾˣɽҩûм塣
һеۣŵҲܸɱ¡
ٴƿƾɵľţŵһƼ֪ʱѿڴߡڻ谵У·һĬĵ
硣ŵ

ڵƽҡҷȴ·ӳĵǺת
ˣôϢֻҡ˵
ŵ᣺ջûҩǷӦ˵ġ֣֡磬֪ˣ
ǰ洿ɴʱŪʹˣô˵أ
ĬȻ
θԵʣһֱδ˯ȥ
ֹˮƽ˾֪ΪƵ˼顪ֱӦ˵Щʲôδغ£ԻỤסףĶ飬һֱģմһ಻
ӲὲƯĻҲδСΨһԼˣٰ޴£ѡװ˯
ˡ룬ʲô˵ˣֻĬĬȥǡ
Ȼٴ۷һƬΣڽ㲻ҪΪʲô
ŵͷڴ߲شһǿ˵ģ
߸ºͣ˾أԱ㲻ùң۵Լࡣ
ŵС֣סᳶ˳磬Ӧ԰취Ұ㣬ҲЩ࣬һ㣬ʵΪĺ٣ֻܸҩչˡĲ࣬㣬һܵġֻۿһҲŰġ
һ˫۾Ȼ֪ǿս·
ܿƵɫᣬ֪ýЩʲôŵû˵ꡣ
ձߵЦ⽿ͷǡĳˣ۹ȥԺ֪ġ
ǳЦ¡
Ц֮졣ܿĿ±ó㣬ߵĻȻȥ
л㡣Ҳһ䣬ҹ󣬱㲻ҪˡǹңԺҪ˵ġ
ŵһ̧ۣ硭ô㲻ǳŵҪȢҵô
ڰ׷ͫʸɾĲźۼ㿪Ŀ⣬Ǹ
ֻԼϣһᣬ˵ǰŵΪ־ͻ㣬Ҫ𡣶ˣҪȢ㣬Ǿںˡ
ʵڹأԼպáŵСҩƿƹ
ŵûҩƿֻҡͷŸִֵǵġ
ʹҡͷظǵģ㲻Ҫ˵ܺáĿв̿۸ȣҲں磬Ĳں
δۣǺܺúܺõĹպһõķ
Ļûн꣬ȻжϣΪŵίؿ۾в㱡ĤʲôõķǱĮʵ֪֪Ҫȥף˵ǵĻʵѾʮˡ
¡ڣҾ޸
ĳŵǧֻǺܼ򵥵һ仰ȴвɵŷ
ŵɴվˣ㻹ԸҸģֻ˼Ҫѡһλô
͵֪񲻺ϣһڰаۡʲô룬պԻһԵ͵ǰ
ŵֱӴֱ򣺡ҲҪ
ҲŲĿ⣬磬ŵģʳԡ
ҲޱˣΪԱҲƽ֪ġ㡭Ѿܾúܾˡ
һʰģСվСȥɸĿȻ
ķ·ʲôһ£΢Сʹϸϸӡһ˲䣬·һ˫εֶס˵
꣬ƽѲзϣΪλ
ʲôϵˣֻۣôջҵϲ
򴽣ˣˡ
мܲסҡ
ĵؽҪԣҽȣǰȷԼԻס㡣ҡ֮ǰնʱδᷢ䣬ҶԲס㡣ΪޣֻպĸҴѡ
ŵҡҡͷ򸵳з·й⣺磬㲻Ҫ˵Բסңʱз綼֪㲻Ю˽ˣҲ֪ӸΪɣûΪҶԭǶԵġ
΢Ц
˵ڴ費ѣҲҪͲңֻҪ㲻Ҳܸʲôͺˡ
ߵЦȥ죬һ䡰ôᡱںͷȴվû˵
ֻҡͷ
ôܻǳȾ飬ɾδϾĹ
ĹϸõӡעԼĶ֫ͳĬԣȤĽ񣬸̸ϡá֡
磬Ȳ˵˲δһж˵ǣɲΪһ£ŵڴߣŸ
ǶȿȥԵɰССһţɡ
˵
ģ·˵ʲôӦŵ̲סЦͷʵȥ£Υ£ҲӦô
ҼȿǷֳж顣ҪʲôһȫԸ
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š
ŵЦӯӯ鶯Ľ
˫۾ָԾס½ǣ˵ɣʲô£
ŵһ㽫СҩƿƵֱߣͷ磬չ㣬Ҫٸˣòã
ЦɰŵӦġ
ҩƿ£һڵů
سĬãͷ
л˵


10 
ԭУĩԨбĥʮ֮ã˲һʱĺڻֵѾֵ
м³ǣⰹ뷨ֻ֣ʣһѹĵݰˡ
ھܵӰ죬ȻԾвҵ꣬ŰȺҲܹ裬һֱûкڻ
ԽĺڻֵȻŵú֡
һֱû£ȥڴҲû˯⣬ϵͳۣ˵ĺڻֵȻ᲻뿪ˣԼʵ̫ί
ϵͳֲҪ˯ºܸߣҾòǣеίʮӦø֪Ҳƫ룬ǾͲˡ
ҰֲǸնϵģⶼȥˣѲӦôٶۣί
ŵĥţǰҲ˵ͨҲûбĽ͡Ե޹ʵģôͺڻֵ10%ء
ϵͳʣҪ𣿷ڻֵܳˣⲻͦôϽ˯ɡ
˵ô򵥣ŵǿĵؽֱ˼άֻ߼ظ飬ʲôҲҵļƻҪһŰֽΪԼڻ˵Ѿˡ
ԣ
ԣŵ̫ѨȻҪԲͬԸƶͬļƻѱ䣬ͲԤˡ
ϵͳû˵Ӻŵĺľι㿨ˣ
ϵͳǣֻǾ˵ϵͳֻ߼ͦԵġΪҸոһ飬Ҫһ¡
ԭǰ䣬ŵҪ𣬵Ȥ˵
㣬ΪУûͶκθ飬ȫռƻɵ̫עذս࣬ӸķӦ
ϵͳ˵һ룬˵ϺͰҪȥʱǲȫûоȡ
ŵ档
ʱʲô顢ôӦأ
ŵ۾Ժиָ԰׿ӡֻϸʱź֪ע⵽˫Լʱǰᡣ
ԥģ˵£ڡ
ŵ۾ԺĻӰĭȥ侲ԡȻǣȫûоȣ֪¡
ŵķӦܿ죬Դ׸ȻûаԭźڻΪԱضֲԼԳҰµķŻ֪ô졣Ҳȥ·ϣո
ϵͳԣڻĿΪ֪Ҫȥס
ŵ°һᡣ
еΪԼڻʵ̫˵ͨѾίô꣬˲ô죬ܲޡ
ΪǺпܡϾڻǰͻȻһһµ¼¡Ⱥ˼̤Ҫ۸
ͨؽڣŵüģҲϸڣôôģȻûע⵽
ϵͳο㣬æݣ̨ʶƹֽƬ˵ĸ鱾Ͳףһܶã
⻰վĽǶȰôе㲻ôŵ֨
ϵͳ˵һ˵һû飬ʵҲֱ˼άɡ
ŵʣ⻰ô˵
ϵͳܶӣȻºܸӵġ࣬ƶô꾡ļƻʲôÿһҪĿ궼еͼֽȥʩ㣬û飬ҪԺϲˣ϶ЩŮû
ŵϲÿɷ񣬵ʵеͬϲôĶԶԷüơϲһˣӦǻûʧ֪ôźãֻ뽫һŲΡΡԷǰ
֮ǰŵͨˣ˵ЩҲûʲô壺ˣҵĺڻ֢ͺãЩл֮˵Ҫ˯ˡ

󣬾˳ĵһꡣ
ͣⳡڰʱȻݼһ֦ڵڶһ̵ѿ
˿̣ϸϸ˿֮⣬ڵϣҷϵζ
Ϊ꣬ɫⰵƺڵĸЩ
ŵƿ˽Ǵһһϸϸߡ
У¥ҲģŵһСᣬȻüһ壬ٿȻֱӣСʯʱصġ
ϵͳðǰ
ǰҵøϽȥŵһ˵һſɡߡ
ͷܹ˻ȽŲõˣÿʱʹζĵģ۸ˡǰ㣬δɹܵġ
֪ǲŵŵҴҸСԺʱɪ
ɡţ첽߽ݡ
ڰĿ£ŵԽòԣһڴϣͷһ߲ȥֻܿƯմЩʪķ˿԰׵ĺ
ŵ粽ǰ帵ģһ
亹ʪˣ޳Ĳ·ˮϴһ˿ҵճ࣬˫Ŀգղ԰׵촽ǳݺۣԼҧˣ֪ʹ̡
磿磿ŵĸļ˿΢΢һ۾Ŀֻһ˲»ɢ
ŵķһԲؽԼڸϣҳ֮ǰϸޱ̺ʵʵǺá
磬һ£ϸҩŵѸٵؽҩϣִʪһһȥϵ亹
֪ѹΣյʱ򣬽ˣȫھʹ¡
ŵ¿һȱȡʵ޷ʹ࣬ܰĥˡ
п䣬Ȼ޳̧̽Ѱһ㣬ڰ΢΢
ŵ̧ͷ򸵳ĿȻʧ񣬾ǴС
ֿ֣ȴ֪Ǻ⣬̽ס
һ̣£ָŵСְġ
·һСץʲô㰲һ㣬۾
ŵȻεҡҡͷһȻǸС˵޵ĺǳԣ޲ֵĺӵ
ɸץ˺ܾãҩúŷſ֣ҩιȡ
ҲȫȻţֻʣƺˡȹҩֳ˯ȥˡ
Ÿ˯գŵĬĬʱ䣬ϵͳ˵һ㣬ӦòˡϽ⣬Ҳһ
ƻ½ˡ
*
һҹȥЪ峿һϡչս۾
һ˲䣬֪ⷿˡ
ٿȻȥĿ⣬Ƽһë׵СԴСŨܵڷЩңſڴߣŸ첲˯
𾻵Сѹۣȥӽ鶯ֻЩѾࡣ
ǳϢ뵣ƽ޾ᡣ
΢΢ӡ
Ⱦʹڣȴǰ䣬߶˵Եʣܾһ˿˿Īů⡣
ջجج˼Ҳϡ֪ȴ֪ڴԼһ
һʱȻʱԼֲ֪ʱ̧𣬾Ħ
ָ̧֣΢
ôң
ļɲһţ֡
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11 ܷ
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ԭϸޱ̺ϵġ
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Ѿڴͷ鷢ͦεɽϣԵſݡ
ʱ˫ڵǼķiÿļ뻭
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;ȥԷȥ԰㡪ûɵң˵һͣס֪ļֵ۾һòȥ˰ɣ
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12 ٰǣ
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13 
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14 ໤
ȷʵҲġ
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˭룬ôȻɱ硣
ţƤںѼ䲻֪˶ٱ飺ҵСֶȣǱӦôݾôûҧƫҧڿɺãСүҶҪ֪ӲҲһֵҵ£ǿŰɣҪҴλſͷûȣͷҲøҿģ
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㾹ҶҶ֣źײ죬֪ǲǴ˵ڳݲ壬ǻŸʲôɱҵģ
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ͷԲ޷бЦˡ
޷ӦбڲͬѵõֱˬˡֻǽѵҪޣëɵøĸġ
ͼ޴ĳ͢Ĵ飬ɰͰЦŵͷ
ӦбЦʣŵŵ
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ŵûעʯϸڣĥšԭλҪӦб
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ڰʱѹ˶鲢ǼڰͷϡүΪ֮

ŵصԼԡڴ˼
층ʱȰҪϼˣȴûᡣ
·˵ģЩδĹҲš
ɸôһȦסðûɣֽˣֻҪɵģû˸
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Ϊӵʱ𣿡ŵʣˣ
ϵͳܸˣǸ˲䡣һ20%ںڻֵѾ60%ˡ
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֪Ѿˣûĳ̶ȣҲرĴڡ
ļƻŵĥ
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ŵ°ͣҽˣҪһлһƯֱ򡣡
л˵
鱣㡿
⣬ʧıǲҪ٣ٶģ



15 
ͬʱҲδϢ
潫оӲ֮»㱨꣬ĩˣЩͬ˵ٽ֮ǰѹʹ֫һ²ɲ֮廹ûָã·ֻ¶ˡȻٽ飬ҲҪԼǰ
ÿɷֻ˵Ҽˡ
򴽣죬ȴû˵ʲô
˽⸵һǣڴ齼̷ʹҲҪڣվǰ
ǸģԼ˵ٶ࣬ϴӦĺãҲġ
̧ۿ廹ô
ţһ¡ٽ鶨ļƻڰӲҹɸ봫飬İִϰߡʲô뷨𣿡
Ĭһ͢մȾһǨܣȴ˾ۡˡ
΢΢һЦЩۣٽƺЩ
Ҳɡ˵
ҲǰˣĵһĪĺ塣
бѵġԶĺޣƺһһı
Ⱥ޸ǿҵǿĪץסʲôĿ
ǿЩӲ⣬˿ȴΪޡ
ڵľ棬ҲáһʱⲢǳ֮顣ٽֶΣūġ
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ֻǸĴʵڲأȴ֪Ǹǻ
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ţŵ㰲Ķ¼ʱ˵˵ֶ꣬ಹһ䣬Щ
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ݶĳӪҵС


16 鶨
౻סİġ𶥵ľŷӿͷ
ܵԶˡ
Ѹ׷ȥ
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ȸ˾㷢Ժ7



17 جγʼ

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л˵


18 ⶯
ŵڹˣ׵ºһᡣ
İ򸾵ķӦһʵѷâɵŵ̬ףֻᱻ˰ǣֵüڶΪ˵ˮ©ѰͷףЩһֱ߰ԼˣѰ֮ŮŵߣȷʵӸ˳˳֡Ѱᰲֱأ˵ǲһĸ󻼡
ҲҪһ㣬һһ췴£ҲָϵӸĵ»
˵֮ϳƺ£ῴǰһǾǹӲƵˡ
һ㣬ϵͳ˵ϻ᲻ӦϾ񲻿ɵǻ׹ݣΪ׼ѵẦ𣿡
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ûж˵һյĶһһ벻ɶѳô죿
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취ȷԾ
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С򻤽ˡһ˽
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ߣһϮɫ绪ĺɫüĿ续ĵɽȻʧɫ
磡ŵԼһ˲æ˦˦ͷȥϲϲһѱסֱۣͷ
񸵳˿ڣˡ
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΢һ˵ůеĻ˺һֻ˵кúúҩ𣿡
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ţһҪ˵治𣿡
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ŵһĳ׳ȥɫ΢΢ס
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ԽԽͣ˵ѾȾ˱졣
ŵ̲סЦſֱۣš
ǳǳ䴽
ǰһصס·Ȧһ޶Ĺ屦
ԵʲôҲšʱһãŵʼЩԼƿصıŤ
ֽƺԱʶΪһԼͻ۸˰ӡ
ŵʿˮϢѩɰţȴҲİס·𱻷޴ɱܵĿռ䣬ǵضϢ
δ׽ܿƵļӿ죬ҲԽԽ졣
̫߹ԼˣƽòĻſھ˼ҲġǶǿϽ̹ġڡڡ
ŵԼԽԽȣܲˣ㡭㻹ûô
ȴͷЦһ
һ̣ſ֡
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˫õȷ磺ȡ
ЦȷŸӶˡ
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ŵʶࡣ
üһЦŵŵ֪жϲ㡣
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һȾãСв֪¶鰮жδ
˿̣˵ĺߣ֮࣬ġԭ󵨵СҲ᲻֪롣

ߺŵһ
ҲƬ̣ϵͳѣ㣬Ƶجεô
ŵ񣺡龹Ȼǰôࡣ
л˵


19 ŵŵ
һһϵͳͬĬƬ̡
ܿ죬ϵͳࣺԭУΪȲŻˡһҲƺСǵԭĶ
ҲӦΨһ͡
ŵӵҹجΡμǰΣףò˶ͻЩѹסļ䡣
ͷһᣬС
Ҫô취ѹƣҪôҾֻƻݹ̫Ҫˡǰָ֮ǰܽҵĸӳֵ
ϵͳֱӷһѹǲˡʱ䣬Ǹ㲻һģһĶ
ŵסҸε¶еͨҵʱú룬ʱˣڣģڻֵ֮ǰҪƵĶࡣ
ţߴһЩϸС춯
ƫԶһ㲻Ϲŵɻ󣬳ȥ
ȻվŸɸݵСӡ
ѿƵģ·տյҲġ˳ţŲƺܡ
ŵһĸģ
޴룬ΣյСһŵһЦ£ҪǷ˻·˾͸ңҰѽ
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Сһ˫ڰ׷Ĵ۾̽Ѱԥ˻̽㣬ܳô
ŵĸĶ֪ʧЦָģ˭Ҳߡ
졭ҡ𣿡
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Сɲԥܾã˵㣬ܡܸҵԵ𣿡
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л˵
ܣԲܣ
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20 
ŵڹдա
ڲȻСϵ󣬵һ˵ԼҲվߡ̲סǹң빬ǰΪһ
ǸܳĿޣﻹһЩʵˣʵʵĺôõ֣ǵҲܶС΢ϵġ
Щ¶Ǳģû뵽⺢Ͳ˼ȴϸ壬ؼһ˫۾ƵģŲ졣
ŵΪлԼЦź弸䣬ȴͷįŵŵ㣬ҪСЩ
˵ŵƽӣôҪСʲô
ҡҾǷĲ£֮ǽЩڻ·Ļ죬⹬Ҳϲ⡣
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ŵû뵽ССͣϸĽ̵Ȼôͨ͸˼һǹ龫Сͷһ㲻Ǹ˵Ụƽȫô
ƫͷ룬ЦҲˣ糣ңҺܺãǲǣ
Ĭһ͡
ŵŵ㣬˵ҪСĵ˭ҾñǸҲ
̽һЩ¡ЩΪ󽫾֮󣬼ἰˡ긵ҵǾڱѪսߣԸֻʣһ˼ǰ֮󣬽󣬿˺󡭡
֪øϽʱͰ˻Զ֮裿嶪˺ôӣβԸһġҵĺӽǻúöԴ˺ȴ̵ŰŹ£һ굽ʱĥβͦڶת㣬ʱδЩ飬֪
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ͷ
Ȣ̤Լ˼ҵŮȢҲıĴԷ
˻Ľ㣬ǲС
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ŵģ˵ȥѹ˵ðɣŵŵ㣬֮Ҳ˽⣬Ըֻ̫ӡ

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á
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վһӣߴʵһ˫Ũüӥɢ½󣬴һĨζЦ߽
ŵͣһ˲һ󻵵Ԥӿϣ̫̫ӵ¡̫Ӳ޽˽衪̱Ű޵ɫԡ
ĿⲢ⿴ȥѡѣҲô˿̾رøëȻ
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˭⣿Ӧб芬ǾȻƵö̫
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˭֪һ̫ӣԻˣ
ʯ̫ǰЦаΣ㵱Ȥˡ֪պ񱾹ЬǺε顣
ŵĺˣϵĺ챦ʯͱ̫ץס˫ʶȣ
Ů⣬̫һסŵ죬šױ̨ϡ
л˵


21 һ
̫Ӷŵ鶯һСðĨЦﲻɲһ䡣
뼸λܵһ𣬲֪˭ô˸ʱ΢̫һֱøʱƼΪɫҳ⼸˻ǱģӲļ˵죬ƷƷ⼸µõˡ
˺ЦȺв֪ĸ˵˾䣺СòԶˡ
˭̫ӻͷһ飬ʵЩ˾ûһȹСãĸ溶ǡʱܳʲôɫˡ
Ҫۣȷʵû˱ȹð֡?СòֻϧǸ첲յĴ
Ŷ͸Ǹ̫Ӱһֱߵյ˾ɫô丵зϲǿϧˡǱҧģ˭֪ǻܲ˹
˴ЦУ̫ĥ籾Ȱζ̫֮Ǹ档вҲֻˣѵݾ˶֪ͷⶥñӣ
˿̣̫̼֮δޣǺԼһͬѪҺãŰһС޵ĺò
ŵδ˿ֲ£ú조˺һʱױƴУСʯߣ죡㣡ֹ񣡡
𼱣ھꡪ
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Ҳһ˲һŵһᣬһůĻС
ŵŵŵŵڶߵ΢ˡ
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ŵδ֪Լ˵ʲôлллл㡭Բ𡭡Բ𡭡
ſǻ״Σֹס
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ǡһһأ˵֮ԼȷϣᣬӦòᣬá
ϵͳ侲˵㣬ʣΪʲôΣ
һ㣬ȫǡ֪ǵһγƣֽƬҲãѪҲãҾʼգиԼȥԺܾʲô¶ﲻþ
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ꡣվ飬صλҲҪˡ
ϵͳ˸˵˵࣬Լ̹Ȼ̹һɣ˼ҵûһΣҪ̵¾Ȫ
תһ룬αأ˵⻰Ҳûʲô壺УҲûʲôԺֲٻϲɡ

ڶգŵֻһȥӦбĸۡ
Ӧб¿࣬ʱɥɥĸһ麮Ű³ŰټҷȨƵȻ֮һλáҲѹˣ֪֮ĹЧҡ
ǰſһִ
һź̴ӣõػӸ̨µˣ߰ɣǼҴ˴Ȼūš
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˲ٶ˵ϳˡ
·ŵʱǳһӵľ϶Уһ˫۾ľߣ⧲ŵӡ
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ԭ趨ŵǽƽȽģʮֲζҲʵ̫Сˡ
СƣūġǶûϢʱ˼ƣЪһʱҲֻܻУ˱ĵط
ܼЦЩūǶЩϲ̨һüͷ
ǰ˺ò裬ûһӦбˡ
ŵյʼӰ㱳ʹ芬ҲзҲһԼǸӡ
ŵѻӣǸ͸ġ
ŵŵա
Ӧ磬мҪ飬ǿɷȥ鷿˵ŵӦбѣֻ뿪żɽ
ӦбǴˣ̿ŵ˼Ҳϻ鷿
Ӧ磬ҽһæӦбغţŵڣһ֪ǺŶ³һʬǵ£Ҹҹ⸱ǵ긵ڽĶӸġڵĸѰҵһλ
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Ӧбɫһ䣬˼ҡͷүǲһ·ūλͼͷĴ˼Ĺʵ˵ݣƾսպգҲᱻݡ
ŵݡ
ݣҿŲݣʵɡ
ӦбȡֽʣˮֽϻһͼΣŵŵ壬ǲ֪ʲôūȽūӡôŲ֪˵Ϊҩϵūӡѵû𣿡
ŵӦбֽǿҧݡ
ðɣӦбֽ˵ҰæЩָΰأ
ŵ򴽣ǵļƻɹԳǺܴ˺пܻΪݱӶҲ
ҵףģӦбЦЦ˵衣ģҲһ㲻ں𣿲ںͼݡ
ŵԥҲں
Ӧбƽзһ˿۽ޣεúܺá
񶾵ļıʲôʤսȴҲǸмпļĵǣݾҲظ򡣡
ӦбͷͨūҲˣūʵ̫ͣĸ֮޷һͳ˧ļū
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㽫Ƕ֧ˣӦбֱȵؿŵһαĺáѵûЩ˴һߣ
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΢΢һ֪֪Ҫ£·һ
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֪ӦйǣɷģҿԱ֤㰲ȫݡ
Ӧб΢΢һЦҲ촰˵ǰϻƾôҲΪһѲ񡣵ʱض׷Źҡ
ŵҸһţ㡣ҲΣҪӦбԺҪùܸɱɱ
Ӧб˵ŵһᡣ
ȻʧЦǼΪңΪѽ
ðɣóڸеķжأȻ޹ǣʲôΪ㰲űǡ

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ŵŮ죬ùΧӦбİţ˿ٷ켣ڵͽ׹Ա֮䡣
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ŵᡣʱŮȥտϲūӡϲſɽ̫ҽ֤һֻ֪δ飬Ż軤й򻤽ֻ»Ắ˽ʿǵģҲĳյġ
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һ
ﲻҽھ̫ҽˣҽΡ

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Żһֻ߽ɫˮ󻹸Ӧб鵹Ȱƽࡣ
ŵò־
һ̣ˣӦбһˣǾͲòάֵһ̡
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ҧгݣΪ¾ˣѵܵǰ׸棬ļūݾסˣΣ
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ŵҪһеģʧȻָأóٶ֤ɲϵūӡǲŵġ
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½ŵɨһ飬мЦΪҩѵ㲻֪ܳŵʱûʲôļģܻˮʯ
ǱǸҪ࣬ԶȲˡ
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ŵһͿ˷ƣӴȻʶıս˫ۣȴû̫־塣
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ӳƤϵԴԴۣÿһ¶ûŵѪܸоʧԽԽƣ롣
ŵͷβһԣһϢҲһֵģ۵İӷŭ
û㾹Ǹйġۣһ˱ӣ㲻Ǻ۸𣿰ǱҧɲзϵļūĽ󣬼ȻôҲ˺ҧζ
ӦбԭһֱͷĬ˻üĿ΢ү
ү԰꣬²ûô⣬㵽أǡӦбŵһۣһ˵׼Ҳ󸵳ߡ
һԲӦб˫ȭս
Ҫ֪ŵԽңʹͺԽǾԽǣ⽿ɵĹܾ̣˿ȴԹ޻ڵ̣֮ġ
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һֹҰ޴صĴ.Ϣ
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Ǹˣ΢΢촽ڱԼתĿ⣬ٿ
ŵƤؼˣѾЩģֻԼֻȻĺӰȴģ
һҰ޵ĺУܸоʲôȳĶԼ
ŵ۾
ˡ
һжڽˡ
Сʯ߰ɡ
л˵
ǰ30ı~Ļĵ3ҷǼǵ~ģ



23 
ĳ뱱Įսսڲѩɽԭһ, ̶ʮգдеɽּѪɺӡ
Įʦܣǰڳ뱻ݾɱءԭĳڲ֮صʤ, ȴʾ׷͵
֮ƶʦԶ, ֮ս۱, ݾһβûκأսپñĮԪ, ĮͶûлȥ, ֧ӱ㱻ɱɾ
гŨҵѪɽлصķ綼޷֮֡
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϶Ϊֿ죬ֻЩº͡˾ʹʼޱ, ɫ, ֪һ㡣
, ûм̴֫
Ƭ, һЩ
һ, Ȼªغبڼϡ
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һԳͷѹѹڱˢѩâͬһʵҫĿâǽϵ΢⣬ѸͶֱָǡ
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ΪҲῴ, ˭֪һϾμ
Ȼξ˵ģ壬ʹ·ڻ쳹ڶߡڣûôѹ
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ŵٺЦǣʦϴɹˣһġ
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ȥҽԺô
̾ûУҲְԱôһѧһҲǴ鹤ϵģ裬Ҹ˵˲ҪƲҪƣǲԼʯĳģˡ
ŵơĸ־ͻþ촽׷ʵôҽԺأ
ѽ˵ͷͺҲ֪ĿôҲøı飬ֻҪˣԸѧǵĶǴ飬޷ģ߸飬ƫƫѡǸŰCP˵ⲻԼԼҲʹǱǸŮˣôҲûð鶼ˣ˽˴鶼ҪǮģǮ͸֧ôûǮҲûдĻˡѰѧԺѧУַʦûð˾ô󣬷ţǼ⣬ⲻԼ·𡣡
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˵绰ŵҲû˯׼´ҵԵģֻˡ
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ŵϰ죬ҡҡͷ
ΣҲ׿ҵһ㲻̸ھ̸һ㡣ҲȥҲʤβ
ǲǾ᣿飿ΪûжԸģҾͿԺѹصߣֱƵ
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ŵͻѧУʱѾˡ
ȥη죬ŵҲƣúܡҿϴʹƽȻϵĵ绰˽
ŵ㶡
ʱ䣬Ķعִ磬֮ǰµĻѾǿ֣Ѿʱʱ̿ǰµĵεΡ
ŵֲ̫õԤУһ½ϵǳ䣺
С裬컹һ˾ɣҪʵû취ˣҲ㡣
ŵһ飺Ȼ֮û¶Ϊȥˡ˼µỹû
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һ䣬һģһͱʶˣҵġͲ˷ԴñԱȥˡ
ŵҲͷۣʵǣΣ治С
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ĿǺķ˶Ѫܿôˡ
ŵһֱĬţϼ֪ģûд鹤УʱʵʱͲһһˡһ꣬һ죬Ѿȥ죬Ҳꡣʣһ꣬ڵûɱ˸Ȿ򣬺ܿҪʧˡ
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ʼһͷǣǣŵŵʲôԸΪʵء
ɽ£͸һƽдţԸ滤ӳʹһƽ˳죻Ը߾ꣻԸҺɽٷʢ̺塭
޸΢ʪ͵ļŵŵٵȵңܿ졭
ܿˣҪģҶΪϡ
ֻ̫㣬ǼɲֶΣȼ棬֪ɻӶ˫ְࡣ
ľбУͬ׹֮˼ȡһů
ʴפ߿˻δ߽ֻվڵ⹧ʵүѾˡ
ԥ˻·ŴӾǱ߹ˡүҪݾô
ĿԼ
ʵͷ
Ѿȥ꣬ȻĿһμᣬʹڣֻ󸵳һն
Ȼ˽٩ȡ˸Ѫյ֣ȴʵҺжֻѪᡣ
ǽȴ׼ҪᵶԾҲ£岻ҿֻĻԼȥظꡣ
ϧ꣬ȴʼ޿κΡ嶼ǵ꽫һģӸΪΪ֡ϸĽԸھǶߡ
µԼƾֻһŲС˵ʲôʲôֻ֪Լ
˵ʲôҲˡҪԸ´޽⡣
ʿŸ¼ŵıӰ챾˵Щʲôվ԰
ˣҲԿˣֻԸС飬⸱ģܹȱ
Уۡ

ŵߣϵͳĴ𸴡
ʵ̫ͳϵͳ֪Ӻ˵𣺡ʲôţǸѳֳĵ꣬ԭзЩ¶ԭǰţǱԭҪĶࡣΨһĲͬǸǵСʵǿܡ
͵ǸǻϵĻϰɣҪʱը.һҲ֪ʲôʱ򣬻ʲô
ŵ˵֪ҵ
ϵͳ˵㴩ǰû𣿲Ը񰡣㣬ôˡ
˵˵ĺܣŵֻԼͷε֢״ûмᣬԽԽء
ҵ뿴ʱ俴ǰһϸҷɣڶϾֱӰɹ˺òã
ȻŵҲϣʱ䣬Ҳû취úоһδƣûɢ˵ģڣЩԵڶε
˵ôѵ
Ƥһʲô˵ɣڸߣôô
ô͸ʣΪǳȥ˸ֻôɣʲôýô
룬ŵǳͷۡ
ϵͳͦ⣺ȷʵʱеûҲûɶΪ˸޶ṩ°Ʒӣǿհݡصߺı࣬ô˵ô˵Ҳ˲𴩡
ûݣŵ֣ʲô
ƿ⿴һۡ
⳵Ӳĩβ۵һССľԴïʢۣŵΧɫЩϤ
·˼ף޸ĸ޹ʡšôܱڻĽҰǿ֮Ҫֻ֪ôԼݶԾǡ
ŵЦһ˵ɡթ
ļթ
ûѣҲû֮޲ȨĹŮһ˭һʱסĵطûСҲȥҸ취ȥ
ϵͳЦǺǵģ⵹ҲǹһſһȴҿǺôڻģ۸ʲô⣬ѻడ
Ź֡
ŵ̾һ
ʱΪ˴ﵽĿģҲΪ׷ЧνҡٳڸǰʲôĪ
ٴ֯ԵĿռǶϻ۵ˣŵ벻ʲôĻܰŪȥ
㡪иɣˣָʲôȥˣ
һʱ۲˳ŵͷѾѣεһͻһͻˡ
ɣ˵ðżҲңûһԲĹȥ˵֮ǰҲܵǰ·Ūɳ׾
ϵͳ˵ǵȻҲ㡣Ҹ˵ĻҾе졣ȥˣҪʲô緢ˡ
ŵŶͷ֪ô˵Ҳǻ˸𡣡
Ҳȫһ仰˵Ķԣøʱ֮ǰǸĺû
£һͨٻе̸
ݣͳˡ
ţȻŵоͣˡ
һᣬ˳
ԶվȺˣΪһӣ޳ͦΣ֥һ㡣
ӷԸʲô
عͷ
ŵĿţһ棬̲ס΢΢ü˸ú
ƣֻ΢üۣơ
⼸ƣѾΪɫ١ȴգǾԶˡ
ֻԸ˼䣬ӻǲɢˣתŵ
ʱѵģͷ¶࣬һʱ˿㣬Ȼˣٷһⶾɡ
ŵԼ״аֲԼͷѣܵҪԭжˡ
ò׼ǰ˵ݣĥôʱ˵ˡ
Цݺ㣺Ī£ʱε·ߣǱ˸ȡһж߳ûҼֱ۴ҧˣգΡż·ֻ֮ȽӴš
һЦ༸ɣü۸Щ񸵳
ŵǵͲʹС˵Ŷл㡣
룬е㲻ģλӣ֮˶࣬Ϊʲôƫƫң
ôһ·£ֻĳɽģӱߵˣҲֻһλ֮ˡֲܣֻʧ
һλϢ̫ˣɽģ⻹ǰǰĳûôŵʲôûץס
עںߣǱĮˣ
ǣ΢΢֣ܵѩһϪ֡
ȻѩϪ
ŵʶͷ۳ϵı־ȻǱĮѩꡣ꣬Įͼڳʲôġ
ԭбĮڸֶʽ΢εͷͣǲһΪʣԱ⡣
λĮĻҲֶΣڸͳ±סλ֮ã˳عʹ֮λ
ѩϪŵ΢Ц֪ļҹ
ǣҾһƯ֮ˣŵЦҡҡͷĮͼڲܣҡðġ
ѩϪˡûʲôġ
ȻǸº͵ˣˣŵд˸д
ѩϪϽ֦ҶԾƽˣһƽŮʩԮ֡ҲǣԸºͣҲᱻѡˡ
ȻûķɣǱƵͶ·
üۣŵܸоԼŸƵģſְͷȥˡ
˵䣬һλ̴ǰ£޺ãԼ·ˡ
ţѩϪӦһɫͰŵй鴦ҪҿһΡ
ŵ³ǰѾҹˣԼһǮҲûУʱ붥Ҳû취ĽҰ⣬·Ҳϵá
ڼȻѩϪڣŵƤ˳̨£ǡл¡
̹ʿɰŤѩϪһЦؿδ̹䣿
ŵ΢һԥ
ѩϪδ׷ʣǱͬаɡ
ŵ
ûϵͳ˵ĬĬĹѪͷûѩϪҪһĽҰ룬ʱ˵ҸߵǾǸ⡣
ͷת˰ӣͱʵݺݴˡ
Ӹո𲽣ûһͣˡ
⳵޺ãܲôֻ˳ʲô¡ŵǸסӣƬ̾³鿴
£ʲôˣŵȥѩϪµ˶ɫء
ѩϪɫ糣ʲô£ɽԣǡˡͣ³·ˡ
ɽ¡ԣɽ£
ֲղŴһ߾ɫЩϤ
ɽΣһΣΪøӿ̹ģݷǧ飬Ϊһһ㣬ܱ߾ºϤ
ŵֻһɺӽŵ͵ܿƽż٣ˣλˣ
ĳĸү
ѩϪŵȻΪкƣػֻ֣̿ɲ֮ˣǵġ
ʹٽţŵҲĴһ
֪ԭиķΣ˵ֶβ̣壬Щ۾ײȵȡ
⻹ǵһ̸𸵳ȴǡġ˵
˼·ǸΪɵ˻·ȥһ񣬷·ֻһûʬ⡣
ĲģǶ룬Щζ
ŵԸȥͷķǳ͡
Ƭ̺󣬸ĳݴ·ľͷŵĽǶֻغʵĳ֣ѹ档
㱵룺ڲô
ǰȻºʹݣȴԸʾδʱ֫ĥѪ죬Ҳһ
Щؿǳֻתǰһһ߹
ʢŮ˿ϢɢڷĳҲḡ
ͣ
Ȼ䣬һƳŵ
߲տöֻһڣ˾޶ƣء
ŵſͣԼǰԶĳ̧֣ͷָ⽥
л˵
ǰ50~Ǳ~



26 
Ȼͣ·, ѩϪ΢д㵣ȴδҡ
ΪĮ֮ˣ᲻֪š긵Ͻ򱱽ľӾѪɡԿԽһš
Ķ, ʤ, պ, ˵ıĮҿԽ׳, ֮Ҳˡ
Ȼ, Ҳᱻǲˡ
˽ĸȨ㳯Ұֶβ֮, һ֮
ɱȴɱ
˶౻ֶ, ɱ飬ȺѪȡ֮ȴΪλȨءɱȤĴ󳼲ͬɱÿһ, ͷ
ûΪһ涼ûˡ
ѩϪһ, ֵүкηԸ
Ӧ
ʴǰ, ĿƽشѩϪӹ, ɨ, ŵᳶ, ͣԡ
, ˿ڳ, ֻѱɫǰսϰڸ, ֱ󣬲Žְ
үʵѯʡ
Զŵָ߬Ǻʪ⣬Щղס
ΪţҲΪһЩӵ˵ͷ۵죬ֻǿվ
֪תͷܣ͸ֻһ֮
ô죿
ȫûκԸ׼
һĻԶûãôȥһԼ˵̶ֳȵˣָʲôԣټƭأ
ŵ޲ɥ룬ҲĲרҵ
澲ĵģԽԽ˲ɵʶĴ綼ϢãȽӡ
˵Ŀⶼϣٴָʾ
ͣȴٳδٷκ
һþҲһȻΣһЩʵʵġƵĻ롣
޵ʹ԰޳ָ
ϲԼʵڱݵĴôųһ˲䣬㱸оеϢ
ҹ˼շת࣬ȴҲ󲻵õϢ
ƣֱֱꡣȻѹһѹ࣬˲䴭
ʼձ˫ۣƽãǿѹĵ׶ȻĿɬʹ
԰ױ˲˼һѹϵɱ֮ԽԽء
Щ꣬в˼ϲ֮˽ŵŵϡ͵ǰŮӣ伫֮
ļĹ屦ȴ˱˺ĳ롣
ü𺣬ḧСľУ·ᰲʲôһ㡣
ȴĮȻŮӣɱ
***
鷿
ϣ˱飬ж
ʮ괽ݰףü۾¡ǳȹɵ࣬ȴʼЩ
һЩ䡢Ļۣ֧ηϣ·¶ݵ
̬һ֪֮ǳɡ
̽Ӧбˣ̧̧ͷⶪ飬һ
Ӧбܿһɫٷ
Ŀǵϡ
ƤЦЦʲô𣿡
Ӧбر£޲סⱾ齲ѧ˵洦
ôǸҪ޿飬ⷭ˼ҳƺʲôЦ֮Ṵ𴽽ǣⱾ˵һͳӦʵԵʵʵİԵط̣Ž̻ƪ壬޶Ȥ
Ӧбü¡
棬Сֶκ̣ȴ޾ڹЩظʵ¡벻ĵ˵棬̧ۿӦбȻ°͵ǷҲãʵʵڿЦң˱ϢϾλӣҲõġ
Цģӷ֡
Ӧб΢ңҲôΪ
ðû˵
ڣվ𣬱֣Ϊ£
£Ϻݴʷ˿۾һѾ᰸永˵ȫѺ̲ն֮⣬һ󣬴ӷȽ¬֮׾ϣݴʷն⣬沢̡֮
Ŷ
ѵһ𣿡
һۣЦ
һЦձԳѣ¶ֺƯ۾һЦ⡣۽ϣֲײĹУ
Ӧ˵ʲôѲɰѸһ٣˵㲻ɱôˣ㲻ʲ壬Ϳ̿顯ô
֪Ǻ뷨˵һ롪Сʵû븵⣬޷ıľҲӦߡɥĲУҲǣ
ӦбԶԡ
ЦӦбǺ޼˸ޱҪ㡢ȥͷֺáͣΪҪʹȥ򽭸ֿ̰̲ҲֶΣԭϳͱãƫƫɱЩ̰šȻȷѪЩЧ꺵ɼһ˸̰۰ֿô
ѵӦ˾ͲãĳԽԽ𣿡
Ӧбʵã
һЦ
Ŀ⽥ȥ˵ʵΪкβףҴӸˣӦúµȥȻˣǻʲôɴͼ֮ҪЧĶࡣ
˼Σ뽫١֮첢ͻ
ĮӽˣŸ죬ĳ뱱Įˮô꣬ǵһԺ͡Ǵ£ػԴǡനطפٻؾְ˲ǰȥӴǼصȣֱޱǡ
ǡ
ݣôˣ
Ӧбݡ
ϧ갲֪ˣͱɱ˸ɾҲǰŲסȥˡ꣬С
Ӧб˵ţһֻۣĿһ㣬˵ȥС໤öΪ˱ū˵޻̸֮ڽ֤δܽи˽ǣҪ¶ūݣӦó֤
ҡͷūӡ⼸ܡ
ūӡһȡа취롣֮巢ӡģһƤˣٻڣܻūӡϡ
ֿܣҲŲ顣Ӧ֪ūԴڱĮΪۼãĳһֱĳūӡֶαȱĮҪһȥӡ֮⣬ĮصĶūһöӡ
Ӧб渵ƽǻȡ糤ϸպһСۣͣڼ棬ڹϡӡǣ겻ֻһ㵭İ̺ۡȡ֤ѣǲ롣
Ŀ˼⣺һ롣
ĳūͱĮūеĲ΢
һūǸĮˣǾ͸Ȥˡ
ɫţǣ취ǾͺˡһƬģ˵Լ׵·ʯñ˹
Ӧб̧ۿ˼ѵ£¿оձȨѾüޣҸѾֻȨʱ䲻ˡ
š֪ˡ
ӻ֣˼Ӧбȥˡ
ձȨ
뱲ӵձȨһı˶꣬Ҳһ޳ɣ޴˸ĵ¡
Ҳ̤·
ȻֻĸʸӼѣѾǸͳݾ򻤽ĳﲻݾйǵĽطҲĵɡ
ڣʵ̫ˡ
˸ϴֲΪҾĳ£Ծ׷Щѹ߸ɵΪıΪңġ
ʣµģڸ»Ȼա
ԼѣҲδʵʵ⵽ȥ
ܸɵ£ضһһ
˫ĿȻңأӦ¶һ
г򵥣ǰһϱвλϷһţ֮⣬
㡣
ĿĸλͣƬ̡
ĸףһаáƽ̫
ʵϣԼĸ̫УԴ̫ӡֻ֪Լ乬вܳӣܾ˵̤ϵˣһֶֻ
ֻǣ룬ĸȻδԼߡ۰ԼһΣǧཫз֮ʹӦǰԼġ
һͷĿתԱߵơ
ŵŵ㡭͵
䣬߱ѾȾʣһ̣·˲ӷ꣬һ¿Сӣۡ
һһ٣ŵŵ㣬㲻ҪίһǼūͷ㡣ȳӦбЩ۸ˣұضһһۡ
Ƭ̣΢΢ȥüĿ¶ЩеãȻվãҪһһСǵ䣬ն芬Ӧб֮𲻹죬˵׼Ƕ֣Ҿûа취㱨ˡ
Ƥį
Щ꣬ʱ̲ʹԼСܣЩһȨҲãֻŵ
ֱֶԸƽ㣬ýĴΪ
ڣӳ˼ȵߣȴĳ̬
ŵĲ״ԹĿࡣ˫΢һƬøԵЩ࣬˵ЩֻýǸûĸε
Ӧ㣬ұ֮޷ֱ𣬴СҲܾ΢ͷૣ㣬Ψһˣûһá
ȻʱݣԣǱɵõů
ԼαҿԼЩϧЩҲͲᱻˡ
ۣʱϸСѪ˿ĬλٶȰס

ɽ£ŵԡ
ŵ׵ŪãȻ
һֱ۵ĸܵϿеĸĿ
ʲôҲûͷδ̧һƼˮ·֮ˣôǵƫƫҪ
ǰˡ
һ˲䣬Լ룬̫ºȻӿԺǰ˰
ڼªϣ˺ҧ̫֪࣬ءȥա
㻹С֪·жߡ
Ϧ£üĿºͣŵŵҶԲס㣬˽һذɡ
ڻУȰЦˣҵŵŵá
Ż棬ŵֻԴҪըˡ
зɬ⣬ǸӦñ־ԵרҵӦǸڲ֪ɱ᲻
һһ磬Լʲôô
㸵ţԼνͻŵԭڴ˶ݵʱڱһȱĻԣ
ŵ֪ԼӦóǵӦ䣬׼жϣһ˲䡪뿴
Լִĸһۡһ۶뿴
˵ҪװǰĽӼƭ
ϵԥҡҡ׹Ƕ۶۵ʹӴһ·£·ӵ֫ٺ˶ЩƮƮġ
ŵɴĬĬ룺ȻˣûʲôģԼǷҲһءɣƵˡ
ڴ鲻ʮСʱݻûʽڼΨһӰˣҲܺá
˼ӣʵ븵ҲϢʱ䡣
ϵὫԱӻָָ֣˴ȥ
ŵգ۾һ
ֻȽţĮɨһۣȴ΢졣Сɫ̹ȻƽûпģҲûŭ
࿴ۡ
ǸĹɾ͸Ҳʲô˸ƣջĿ⡣
ŵĶд˵
ûиڸߣӦǻˡҲãĹףøʡġղ˼˽ϢԼһûټ
Ҳŵ롣
һɣһû֧סһˤڵϡ
ԱѩϪæַ˰ѡ
Բסܣû㡣
ŵͷʹüۡ
ӦԥãеǸʮԣû̧ͷ
ŵЦ£ҡҡͷ
û뵽ѩϪΪԹ۶Ǹ
ʲôԲסġǱûн飬Ƽˮ꣬ѩϪȡ˿ΪʣԼòͷûӶԷҵбİˡ
ҲԸģͱûʲôϵ
Ŀ˻ʵķԸǰȥţŮĵĻš
֪ǲ̫ԵʣЩһҹر
㲻ۣƾȫܸоʼߵĿ⡣
˵ʲôĿ⣬ңҲԹĪᡣ
˵ڿӣֻĽ߳ʪҺؿԽԽƣֱȫ͸һشһ
·ʲôʹȻۣһ˳
л˵
~ǰ50~~



27 ΢Ը
, ŵ⧲ӡ
Ժ¡һܷӦܣȥİ߲谵οϰ֮˺εĿ, ֪ҹ, ѵģô
Щͷһ˲, ŵĿ㳹ױס
ԭб桢һݶ˲԰ĳ, ҪĶࡣ
㶵ôݣ
ȻȻʢ, Ǳ緢ȴ˼ֻĲ԰׳ȫü֮, ˶һС
⻹ġ
ŵɲŸ˫ۡǱƯͬʢǺӵķÿ۾
˿ȴ޹, նʧ
ڿҲֻһĶѡ
Ŀããģѩϣһ˿ҲûС
۾ôˡ
ŵûӦô, Ȼǰܵķ֡
, סŲ԰ӡ
ˡƣɤ
ü΢š, ػ˻, תصС
Ҫҹˡ
ȻҲ⸵ͻȻķ޳үɱ֮, ֪ΪνնɱɢҲ졣
֮ɻ, Ҳûһ, Ըǰߡ
ֻͷ΢ɻؿŵһ, ģס, ջĿˡ
ӻǰУҲδκϢһʱǰ㣬ؼž·нľࡣ
ߵԶˣŵԭء
ŵأվ
̫󣬼ӿѪҺٱʹ˶ػӷټ˺ºŵֻǰ󷢺ڡ

ŵѩϪһһ̣˱㱻Ͻޱߺڰ

ŵѵʱˡ
İ컨壬ţԼôιȥˣѩϪϺ˵ԸӦβܡ
Լ˿̶뻹ѩϪ⡣
ͷţҵ˼֪ϵͳͳˣ㡭
ȵȵȣҾһ
ŵ˵ûʲôϵͳƽ⣬˵
ĬĬ˻ֱѩϪŽ
˵ʱѣȻͰҩˣٳһⶾͻõġ
ϵͳԼûҪ˼ңŵֻôͷЩ
ѩϪ΢ЦûʲôĳΪʣҲô֮ˣΪûʲôá
ŵĲɣл
ѩϪ̣ԥ˵֮£˵ǸΣұó໤
£ŵûעѩϪ˵ʲôү
ţʲô
ŵ·ʲô˶ãȻ۾ôˣ
ѩϪһ٣û뵽С²ŲңֹƽݾͰˣڷ·˿ûԼڹȦһ⣬ץص档
侪ȣˣĳˣԭ֪ôλ۾ؼѾмˣ˵ȫ޹УԼܼЩ⣬ֻ벻ʧ֮˼ûзֱ𡣡
ô
̫עرˡ
ŵ׷ʣʲô˵
ѩϪҡҡͷϸڣ˵硣Ϊ֪ҿŶʮᣬ۹³ɼдԵүʧ֢״뱯֮ʱڿ޻۾ļ֢Ϊơү壬ƶ֮ˣҲ֪Ƿ紫԰̫Ƶö֮۾
ټ٣ֻǡϾѪдɫʡңδ˼ᡣ
ٷԽ֮ˣ˭ϴǰ
ŵüġ
治ζֻѩϪ̾п
ϧʱ۳ұһ˫۾ȻĮԭϵӥǺεȷ⡣
ŵţӶصǾ䡰ϧ
۾ǿ޻𣿾ҪٴεŻ۾ʧĵز
ôصˣӲĲʹʪۿ˰
ʱΪͻȻ˳Ƭ̣ʲôأ
ŵ벻ף顣
ѩϪƬ̣룺ԭΪݵ۲űԡ¿Ǿʶ𣿡
ŵҧǡ
ǣ
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ոչü½һֱûһʱǡ
ŵԥһ˲ɴܣ£ҲԸ֪Ҽ𣬴ǰȫȻǵˡ
ѩϪʱûжԸЩǿҵԳԭˮƽ˵Ļ
Ȼһ˵ڣŵ㶣漴˼
ѩϪֻȻ߸Щֻǵ֣ݡ壬ЩҲȫӡ𣿡
ŵͷ
ǿˣȥȷʵһƬհף˵á
¡Ī£εĵط뾩ǲԶܾܿǾʿҿš
ŵڰ֣ˣô㸮һֱţұǡ
ѩϪôУ޿Ųûм䣬һҪôˣηĵ¡䲻󣬵徲ȫңҲضΪưţ˷顣
룬ȰȰѲ˵Ժ£ڼұȴšģҲĻҲĵѯ
ŵ򴽣кܸмѩϪģǸ鲻̫ˣԼ취ǡ
ѩϪЦЦοûʲôġ̸ʲͬףķȲѰŻĳŮǾ˼ǧҲò顣
ֻպ󲻱ٳƺΪˣϾؽ磬ҵݼȷʹַǰѣֱӽΪˡ
ѩϪ˲֪Ż
ŵ䴽ǣͷãл㣬ѩϪ
¡ɫãЩϢ
ֶ䣬̣ò˳ȥϡ
ŵȷ䲻ǵıֻµʹУûȽԽָҲһ
οо⸱ȷʵ̫ãžЩá
ŵŵգͷζһҲûУôҵ˯ˡ
һμ˸
УǾվڰУҹܷһ·Ϊҩ
һΣվĽǶȲһĿϴԶһѪ
ѣĿġ
ǰ
𣬱紵ҡҷֹ谵߽ɰϸļĵĲˡ
Ӱϱ޳ȴʼոı䲻ϵĳǺ⣬·
˫ʧ۾Ŀɢȴ·޴ڡ
ˣ
ŵ㺦ҺòҰ
죬ÿһֶܼһϸСսŵ˫Բ𡭡Բ𡭡Ҳ֪⡭
նľȻѪ᣺Ҳˡ
ŵ󺧣֣û뺦ʧֻ롭ֻ롭
ǰ
ߴͦεĮȻסйϢ˷ӿǵβԣŵ֮أܵûС
ѹǼŵա
һһ٣Ҫʲô˵ˡ
ҡ
ǲǺ¾硣
ŵŵ˵
ԣʲôѪ䣬صϡ
ѪζɢȻ̧һѶסʺ
ˡ
㺦û۾Ҫ㻹ҡ㺦Ҫ
˫һʹһ̣ŵ亹شӴ͵ص
δҵ·𸵳ĸͻȻðĲ۾һ
㶵۾˫΢
ϵͳΪجоѣŵûԼѾгСʯ
㣬ڡ
ֹвͨģж׼޷ĻԣֻҪҳǰԭҵġ̫ˣҲ̫ˣôܻҵĻΪңѾˡ
ϵͳͣһ˵ôΣجζѡ
ӦһһͰһֽƬˡϴοİĿģİ񰡣û𡣽㣬Ǵ鹤ߣ˵ԼġԼ֮ѡ⻹ԥ𣿡
û˵УȰ˵ҲŵȫϿɡ
ŵ˫ֲ.ͷУܵؾȥҲˣ۾ˣûẦ̶ֳȡ
ѾˣҪҪ
ŵãٴȥҪˣʼ̲סԼѧһСһһеˣֻһеֽƬѪֽƬˣôᱻһǸӡ
ҹУϵͳȻǣ㣬֪ģֻɶȳٷ֮ʮϣſΪԭֹǵȻ㣬ûȨߡ
ŵֽ߬סૣҺ¸
ϵͳ̫ʲôɱ㣿ġ㣬ǵһ֮ûлûϢãټ岻ŻôżԶһʱ䣬Ⱦٳڸǰ
Щ
ǵģģ˱ȴǰ԰ЩղûдġϸɾůݵϢѾȫȻȡ֮ҲڲסɱѪȡ
ȴ
ȻŵҲ׼ȷ˵ԼʲôֱıңԹĿ⡢ʣ޷οԼģһ֪࣬ޣŤԼ
ֻŨҵĸ顣һȼյĻǷɶֻ꣬ӿ

һҹҹجΡ
ϸڿޣС£ȴζҲ
۵ĶˡƴѰڻвκ£ȴʼɪɪΪ
ÿÿ˫ʪŸʹ̶̼գ߷·ģһЩ
ȴҲ˫۾ʱȣûжĹԼЩ¡
Ȼϳˮĵȴѹ˼У±֮ǰ졣
ʱگǽϻζҡҷ⣬ӳյɭ䡣
һϮ˫۸һָĺɫīЩɢ˵Ϣ䡣
أֻһƵ졣
һǰվǽ춯һͷ̧ۿ
ֻһۣ˴ﺣ̲סĿбųĺ⣺ļ֡ҳӣ㶨ú
ݺһⱨӦ
˫ۣ޴Ƽɫֻܿ߱ǱƯǡ
ŵһ졣ûگһ޷
ɭگɤ·
˴ﺣҧ˫Ŀ죺ѱʹݵŹĪеץʵͿ־ͥ񣬳Ұ̳֮±׳ȨƣҲǣ
ǣһЦ˫ۣ¶ߵԵߵһЦӳĵگü֡
˷ʱı˰֤ȷ䣬˺үϣҲʹ졣
ΣΪӵļƻóô̲ʷ̨˫۾ţ·λ̰֮Ȼңܲ񵽼ʱ
ô˵˴ﺣеĿ־죺䵽˲ſƣֶθݣϴɢһգзŪڹ֮䣬ֱŹһڱݣһϴݣ˴Զ෪ɱ˫ۣһʱԷӦĿġ
⵽ɣɸȴܵȻʧӦԣ֪ʲô֡
˴ﺣ֪ԼˣڲԻʹɥ峼ˣ˰գиװף㷢񣬿ѳһ̰īӣδҳ֤ȷ䣿
΢ЦӶ˰գиĸҪøס
ԣ˴ﺣ˫Ѫ˿Ÿ
˰˰δ᰸㾹ˡ
ֻǸѡ뱾޻˵Ǵ汾㣬ļ˺ú̸һ̸
΢̧֣޳ݵָǽ߹̾ߡ
ױǰȡڳص̾ߣһԲ˴ﺣȥ
ڱѩһȥƤѪ졣˴ﺣ㲻úú
ĮȻתҽŭš
һη
֮ǼѪȵĶ࣬ʮּϵϡܿѪ߰ߣѪŢһ
üƽŹѾ׼ˣźѺ
ԱߵӦóһŰֵֽ飬ץ̷Ѫ֣ϰȥ
ұǻҲŹ㡭̷һ죬һѪĭӿЩȻʱҰ䣬㲻гūţʩ޷Ȩƥ̰Ұġ
δţѺӹĮȻתߡ
̷˿صۣضضٲó㣡׹ʮ˲ͬİŮҲһ÷
һ٣߶Ȼɭ䣺ͷ
΢⣬ζźӳøi԰׵мĪ⡣
߳گţɫȽȥʱӲ԰ס
˵¶ȣǵչ¸롣
ӻȡСľУģҰָĦ
߳âҫۣΪƬϴˢһĨ
壬ɽ
ػʻﳯ
Ψĺɪ
ָ˶٣ȡһྻ׵ľϸСİסľУżḧ
ŵŵ
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ܿ죬ȹ̣֣Լϲɡ
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⶯Ƭֱ̺ס
ŵŵܣվѰ˫ȫ֮
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ǣԸʮ˲߰ǵɾȪˮ
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л˵
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28 
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ŵĹȻֱʸǰֱֱУ׼, ǧ
һ֧, ӼͲټһ֧
̫࿴, һͷϣ, ΢΢ֹ̧
˿δס۾, ڰ׷ķյƽ̶ˮ㲻ϲŭķû˿顣
̷̫಻Ҷ, ͷ
һ
׼ͷãֱֱһ֧β, ͷ֧ȶڰ롣
ۣķ΢΢תתȴδͷ
ֱֱǰ, Ŀ˶еķ, µĴӼͲгһ֧, һס
ڰ, ̧, żβһץΡ
֮ݣֱֱ˰ȥƲ, ֱ䵽Ӻݴ
ûȡ, ĬĬվ˻ᡣƬ̺ͷ, Զˡ
㿴޵ļΣ䲻ʡ
븵˵Ӳκγν, Ӧһ֣Իʵ֮͸һšδἰǻ벻⣬ģȥ
üĿĮͬٮٮߡ
֮ʱΣ
ͬۡ
شûһ棬ȴҲһ˿ҲޣЦ㵹̹ϡȷ·϶ҵĶӸ״Ԫͷʢޣ֣Ҳǿһ㵱ѡ
ʮһ䴩ģȴ˿ֱֱ䵽Уǿģβֹ۾һָԶΧǲԴͦεɡ
Ҳʮ꣬ȴ۶ٴΣվЩ
򸵳΢뻯ļ֪ɷ̽ޣ
ϲѧЩ
Ŷϣգ˼˻ɤЦģǻϸѧЩʲôءλž޵ʦӦѧѧŮʬֶΡ
üȻ䣬ã˫ۼżţ·ˣĿʱӿɲ
նȻ죬ķ綼Щ
Χ̷̫ŵɫڵϾøСЩ޲ñĿԸԼڴ˵ء
ǰ
ӼͲмһֻս
޳ֹǽڷĵƯ̺Ű
һʸһѲ˺ȷ֧Ĵ͸ģԺХֱֱǰȥֱ䴩ָǿɺᴩɣڵĿ롣
û룬ֻһβ档
ضһС
˻࣬ûпʼѧᡣ
͵תۿٽڳС֮꣬Ŀͬ߰쳣
ƽϰУܱߵˣѾˡനѱչУϸúúţƽԭóϮսΧӬ㣬׾̫ѷӳЧá
˱۾һԲɫĮֻڳе˫ļ
Σ۾糣Źˡ

˴Ҫ򶼰ղã׻ôһͣҲãΪƽλʱôƽ䣬˵ֱκ֮⣬˾ͼ˾ˣ¤ԭǱߵֲأ̲ʹҲеĺܣ׵ÿڳĶ֪躹ޣƫλҪ
˵£ͷͷǵûκα飬
ϲϱһƬ˫򸵳һҲûʵӣ˵ţֻ޻û᰸౨λң˶ˣ
϶ǡ
˵ʲô
սѽһӦڳϣϿگּǡ
ü¶һ䲻ŵı飬·𸵳˵һ󲻽Ļگּ
Ծظش⣬Ըһ¶һ̡
һףתȥ
վס
ҧɵ㾿ʲô
ҹµǣӷӴĹϵг˿룬ƯĿͷ̣Ĵۣȴ湰ˣ
ͳˡȥ
Լ
δţֱǰȥ
Ѿ˼ѵΪԼЦĪǻΪô
ͣ
ƲɫסСľУţΪĳ

Դ֮ŵμüθ
Ҳ˫ʧĳ̫ˣиǲ԰˫ķһֱյԼ
ȰοԼҪģʧԼ̬ھȴ·ôߣ
һڣר־һڼƻϣط곡úȫƷ
ѡʲôʱ䣬龰طֻ꣬Ҫ֣վ˿⡪ֿⲻﲻõЧŵԼҲ
ϵͳȰţǼ⣬ƻӲģȻû˼·ʱЪЪʱôȸʮһ¶⣬̬Ҫ
ҪǱ̫ϣΪһϵͳҾӵоԵǣҿıȫɵģԼ
Щϻ߶ŵĿɿڴһ
Ȼ˵˻
㿴㿴״̬ǲϣȻôܴ⵽ڲô죬ã
ŵ˵Ҳǣڻ⸱ʲУ̫ˡǲûǮˣ߰ҲúˣҩȵͷˣǸоû
úпܣϾܹľѾôЩʱԭ£ǰѾͶĲˣ˭Ҳû뵽ҪٻһΡһ㣬Ҳ⡣
ϵͳŶһʱһ꣬طѿ϶Ҫѹһ㣬⡭Ҳ֪ô졭㣬ʵҲȫǻȻǵһδƣҲǵһδұо飬вĺôҪʵھܣȻȥߣ
䣬ѩϪţҷ𣿡
ŵȥš
ѩϪҡͷɫǲðպǿҩܲǺ£ȥܾһЩ
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ȰȰŵеĶ
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һѩϪھǵɶȺܸߣ˳پʱΰݻϼæ˼죬ڿڡ
ûʲôӦ꣬ҲʲôÿͣʲôҲ㷽㡣
˵ĳĻƽڣ֡ѩϪŵɫ֪Щҡ΢ЦŲһ䡣
ŵĻƽ⼸֣֪ôƤһ
Ļƽڡ
ԼļƻԼԭĻƽ𣿵꣬븵һǽա
ȥƽԭӦȴΪʱˬԼʱǸģĿŵͷεӡ
ѩϪûע⵽ŵɫֻһֱûʲôѪɫȥǲãƽҺܸȤɷȥߣ
ŵԥ£ҡ
ѩϪۣܾĻЩ˵ڣðɣʰһ¡
ŵ˼ǳɫɴȹѹѹͷ˻٣ֻ÷̶ãļż򵥲ۣñѩϪš
ĻƽڹȻʮ֣ЩŮɫСߺﲻֳֻƳϣĻƽյ硣
ѩϪ濴ȻֲǺܸȤʣҪŵ
һ򿴵Щã˼ĳūƺΪһЩ
⻰䲻ģŵתͷ˳Ŀ⿴ȥֻһȺṫһūūűڵУһһǣš
ֻȡ֣Ͽԡ
üתͷȥ
ȻٿԺȴʼջɢȥ˱ĥĺԵĻ档
һʯŲܾò
ŵŲһ٣Ȼתֱ߹ȥѩϪδֻվԭ
֪ŵЩ˵ʲôֻǮͳЩݹȥСӽ
뿪ŵ㽫ūϵȡ˳Ŵԭأ漴̽˼ŵһתɿˡ
ŵѩϪʵʲô
˷ˡ
ôūǾȲġ
ŵ˵֪Ҳûôࡣˣ˳־ܾһһܱʲôǿûūֻūӡֻҪصĺãӦһ
ѩϪͷЦˣȷʵˡѽ
ʵŵЩ˼ʲô¶ۣÿ뽫û̫Ĺϵ
һ˵֮Ļûа취µļǰߣ¡
и棺ѩϪôܿǶūģ˲ûУԼȫû뵽
ѩϪ˵ΪֻǵıŻͳĻȡ
ҡҡͷɫֱּūԴڱĮһְ˸̷ʮ꣬ĳūƵūĳǰĳλʱһ̷˲п۷壬ƽνڹ̣ΪΪϿɥʧϵ֡
ѩϪ̾һĳֶθӵӦ֣ЩūڴˣĮ
ŵʹԴ˵Ҳ֪ʲô
Ƭ̺ѩϪǸȻˣұ˵Щûô¡òҳߣǲ˵Щˡ
Ǽǰߡ
˺þãŵѴ˲֮Ժ߱߿̲ס࿴ۣһûע⣬ѩϪѾߵǰ档
մһྻİ£īʣӰͦɣɾ䡣
ӱ濴񸵳ˡ
ŵҲ֪Ϊʲôʱ䣬ӰĪŤæ˼ѩô죬ȵѽ

ӰҹɫС
һˣܱȺָ룬īɫɢͷ紵ΪԵÿյڽϣ·ֻغҹһ֡
ߵĺÿһڵһҲҹɫĻЦȫȻû
ΨһЩעĿģ۾ϸһĺɫ
ס۾·ȻǱĳȣżǰ˵˵ЦЦˡ֮˾ʱʱתͷ࿴ۡ
ЩżͶעԼϵĿȫ޷Ӧ
ڴϡ
ǧͬϸСˮ£ַɢУÿһޱȡ
вｿζɬȴûһ˼ҹĽɤˣӦһĻƽڵģȴʳԡҲûȥɡ
ŵŵҲϸᣬֲ
磬ưɡ
ιôôѽ
Ұɡ
һǰߣһ˵ЦŵŵʱҲӯӯ˵ͣĽȴ֪ϲʲôʽĻƣҪһյ
ÿһ꣬ͬڵɽ𺣣ÿһЦﶼͬƬƬУؽƬ
ô죬ȵѽ
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29 
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˫ϸŵĺڲһҲס, һƬڡȡ֮ǸеĶ
˿̣ϴ߾ֻʣº֮ǰһ
ЩЦɢڷУ뻶ֶ޹ء
ʧ, ǰߡ
˵ġ
, ġŵŵ, մһ־
ŵŵֻ̻
ŵŵŵŵ
ӲˣһߵÿԳǱÿһؿڵ, ʱ˲öӭȺ, ᱻײһΡ
ŵŵûˣֻôһ仰
ǰ㳳£ȴ˰
ʧ, ̧֣۵ĺڲȡ¡
ٳ, ˿ִļ򵥣Ѱûмʶ
һ˫ʧȥ绪޹⣬ƻӳڰ׷УҲֻǰ, ޹Ⲩת
ָ߬, ֹס
, 漣, ԼҲήͷϰɡ
λ˵ɼ, ాȥ;ƿݡʱ, ˵, Լڷ˰ɡ
ŵŵԶԶ뿪, ղŵôء
ҲǴԼĵ﷢
Ϊ̫˼, Ρ
ʶһһ絶ʣӿһŨѪζ
۾¹ǿѪѹȥ
ˣҲܺáĴżŵŵڿຣƷһҲһΡ
ţԽ룬ԽԼ״
ϵȥϵȴȻһ١µÿһͷǽڡǷ죬ϸϸ봩ʹϸСѪҺкֱײڵͫ뷺һ㰵ɫ
̣վٿȻǺһϥһѪ
ѪĺܣһƬ죬ȴɢŵɰĹ
ôˣ
ôͻȻѪˣôˣòǷʲô֢ɣ
죬ûжҽĴ򡭡
һ𣿽ȥĶˣ
ղźţӦúһİɡ˭ʶ
ϰն࣬εȺһΧæʼֻˣ֪ԵԽԽ࣬ΧСȦֵ
ŵѩϪѾתֽǣµŵͷȥǱ߳ʲôˣôôˣ
ѩϪЩڹӣŵõĶ࣬˻εˣǼ֢Ѫ²ѡڰæѰҸ򣬲Ȼǲá
ȥ
ŵ˵žǱߣѩϪЩʵ㶮ҽ
ЩദѾȷѰҵŮȻ£ʫ廭Щ󵽹Ķȴûû뵽Ȼҽ
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ǿҪȣӦòԡ
ѩϪ䴽ЦЦ
ΧĶ࣬޲ߣѰҴŵ˵šһҶҽܿ㿪ٳһ·Ȧߵ档
ŵˣŲ͵һ١
ѩϪߵżҲĺܽûԤϵͻȻͣסŲһײŵϣǸǸҲġ
ŵǴӺƳģû¡
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īڵĳɢһأϼ򵥵ĺһ𣬷·һʢĺڰٺϡ۾ϸ˺ɫȥգ¶ͦƯǡ
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ѩϪǰǼģס۾绪ݣ¼ûеڶȡ
ѪۣѩϪȻŵĽӲɺ£ļ磬ʾ
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Ҫȡ
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ԥҪҪȸɡֻû뵽Ⱥһۿ⸱ģ
ŵ̾ϢĵҺ͸ûгȹңҵĶˡεĿʲô⸱ģǰҪ޶ת߿ǲĻ쵰
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ϵͳԥţǶʲô֮ǰ˵𣿲鲻
ŵѾҪˣǷ涼ʲôôܻ֪Ͻ˵ˡҲᵢĿģԼûôڸҪ˶˭ûôûжһ⻼һӦ黹Ҫϻ˸Ͻģ
ϵͳʵʵеĶʳǽ𣬾֮ǰɹȥġֶй̶Ķܵ߻ǾͻǰͨеĿƣұĻͻʧءҲ֪ô£ô̫ˡ
ΣˡԼѹƣԻûʲô𡣡
ŵָƣĴֲ԰Ȼıˡ
кȻЩζ
ĻƽڣԭǰһǸһͬϽֿƵġ¹µһΪʲôѹĲԶ
ġ
ŵòȥȥֻԽԽأص˴
֣մЩǵѪս˿ָ⡣
Ѫзŵ⣬ŵ̲סšü
ʳǽԭõĶʳǽν
кڲŻֵһֶҩҪڹ֡жѹƶأٶչͷһɳֻʣһƤҡ
ûнҩΨһķšѹƣֻӲӲŶʹȻҲѳ
ĥݵһֶҩϸһ˿ʹ졣
ѩϪԲŵŵɫأ̲סʣǺβ֢Ҫ
ŵ̧һۡ
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ŵϵͳָʾһ˼жϵӡֱû룬ֻǿϸ˿һ£ڸֱϼǽڴһһ̡
Ȼʹ滺Щˣ֢״Ҳһ㣬ܻˡ
ŵŸֱۣǽдʱȻšü̼䷭תסŵ֡
ȻǲѵӣֻĺܣŲſ
ŵʹʶաȴϷţָĪЩȻȦš
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Ϊ߹߰Щŵ¿λãԴյļϸϸѨλʱȻ΢΢˶ŵŵ
ŵ򴽣롣
ƴ󣺡ŵŵҪҡ
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ŵ۾תתҧ˼⣺Լ̰úãȻϽˡȻʼż˳ϣûøԼŵһԼӽ͸Ѱˡ
ǰһǱġȻѩϪ
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ѩϪ֮ǰڻʹʱǼӦбģ˿̲֣Ӧˡ
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ѩϪ΢̾ϵӦбӦ˷ˣүҲڸ·ϡ˿ү΢˴Ҳ㣬ڴ˶һɣӦ˲ص飬ֻæ±ˡ
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ŵ΢΢Щԥ겻˵Ӧбɻǵ᲻ʲô鷳
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˵׼ʲôʱѹ, ͸ǽˡ
㡭, ֡ŵѲ, øѹߴ١
Ϊ, ¶ͦεı°Ͷ, ŵ͵ȴȫ޷ӦʱԼķקק֪׼ʲô, ôִ֡
ŵᣬø֡ƫ˳, ҺΡĪ
ʩأȦţֱָȴȫûһֺܺ
ŵû취, תٴ, һȴպò䵽һʱ, Щ, ССĵһ
Ȼ, ζ˿Ĵ֣΢΢ɡ
ŵЩȻŸ, ԥ, , ̽˵ۡ
, ޳԰׵ָȻһɡ
ŵ΢ôĻУĪô֪˭֪Լʲô
ŵ鸴ӣ˳˼·Եץˣ֡
һ˲䣬һֻֿ򵥶ȴŵٰ޴ζ
գȻ£׷ſ
ڳߵӰһ̣Ե˴
ŵٿˣתͷ첽ߵѩϪվá
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ŵ߹ʱӦбѾˡϣĿ΢ĶѩϪüۿ
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ⷴӦӦҲѩϪЩФƸɣɽ´Ҵһֲۣûϸ˿̿⾪ȡ
ţŵҲѩϪ֮磬ȷʵ
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ѩϪûʲôͷβӦбǻʣǸ飺ȻˣҲڴ˶ˡ
ɫȵȡ
£뿪¹үˡ¹Ҫһȥȱ裬
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ʵ
ѩϪû˵ʲôŵ˻ʵĻɣɵˡ
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ûشĿתô
ŵû̹ȻӭӦбÿǣһʲôԥģ˼ˣǳΪѾʱ¸صĺ޶ơС
ŵʵûס״ãǷһڽϣҲû˸ţ̫˰ɡ
ѩϪ΢΢̧֣ʾҪ˵Ȼ˵ûдŭ˶Էδرס
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үǣ壬ϻɺϣ
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ѩϪ֣ĵ־ˣҪ˻رô
²ؽţ˵¹ٲҪΪǣֻǽ̫Ŀ⣬ΪǵİΣ롣ߣ˵λ־үүǸԹ֮ˣػлλ
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ֻһʱȻڸѺʾǷҪɱǶڡ
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ŵܳϿҵصǸΪҾ˲Ÿ鷳ģҵʱǵ̫ˣӦһ𡣡
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ŵͷĻص䡣
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ŵ̾ڱЩã
ǵۣʵһˣҪˣУ磬Ҳ˹֮һʲôص棬ʲôҲȷʵġ
ϿξЩǽɣڻͷٿδЩ̫ѡһ˾㽫۽綨飬ôμ
ʲô棬ʲôǼ٣һΣҲй½룬а˼֮룬еķŲ¡Ļ㷣Цѣʪ
οڣüõš
ŵŽյ飬¾ģλȥҲˣʲô˭ӽȥɡһǸóĴŰʱֺ̣ˬЩȥǷǷȥš
ĶˣֻЩʹͷҲΡ
һֱûãһȥڣŵЩ룬ڴϲ֪˯ˡ
ⷿ䣬ζʪ䣬·¹һ꣬ʪܵĳճ塣
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ѵϣҲһѩĶͷҲ˵ȥתߡ
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ŵŵôҡ
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̴ӿֻ´ˣԼһᱻˡ
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ûӦλ촽ֵûʳǽҲΡֹĵ˵ûжôˣ֪ܻϲסԺҲˡ
˫ۣ·Ҳһס㣬δ𻰡
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̾ô˭ҲܲˣҾͳȥô˾ôˣҲ⶯Խ
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վ
˫Դ˫۱סϢȻɢʹࡢõľ㽡
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̩˵Ϲ۾ֻԲѣȻʲô֪»СĽֵġ

ŵ˯Ĳãţ˯ߺǳҹԼԺ
úܣͣķ˱ӻá
ϰɱźһֱؾѩϪΪѾߵ˼˰æҲɣģҲûʲô˵ɴ۾ͦš
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ѩϪףɫƽظһ飺үСѾЪˣڲлδȬҹҲϡ
û˵Цδ̫ˣүѾãʦñЪˣݼүкηѵõڴˣַ˽ܣξŮ
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үԶ࣬СƴǣֻʦˣֳܲסүѹСһ䣬ʦýʩַкβףү壿
ѩϪѻ˵óϿңˣСԸ𷣣үĵСķϣҪƽϣˡһ
ص΢תڳĿϡ
ĿⲢᡣ˵ʲôҲʲôֻһۣѩϪе
ѩϪڣ䡣
һ˹һһ٣·ϸϸ׽֣˱治
ûġ㲻Ҳķ
ǿʧǾӡ
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¶һɭЦ
ɫȥ˿˿޵Ĵ
ᱡѩֻһ۱֪ޱȡ˿ǼָѩϪʺ
кܶɱɡֻ֪ҲûҪ֪
ظݳġνѩϪ̼
˶ޱĳĬţټǰת۱ɭ̳
ס֣
ȻбһŴ࣬ЩԵҲ˲ƴһļž
䣬ŵȻſ˫۵ѩϪǰȵȣ𡭡


·𱻶סá
˵ոһɲǣѾȥ
˼δȫӦȴӸ죬ݳĳȻͣڰУٲҴһ
ˣ޴ؽӲԭء
ǰһƬããİףԼĪܿЩӰɾû۾Ȼӵй˵Ķ
԰׵ı޿Ƶ⶯
ܸоبѩϪмС˫ſĽǶȣӣ΢٣üĿĿϡϤϢʲô̬ͷ
أ޴ľʹϲһ˿Ҳ
ǡлú˵òã
СҪҪ֡
ŵŸζӳ¡ںһ֪ĿĲҪɱڣҪԼ
ҵģû׼ɿѩϪмܲסпʼԥ
ֱӿɲЦﻹʱԥ˼һ㣬ѩϪĻɥ¡
ȻһƬհ׵ĳŵڣѾԲһˣܲˡΪԼ϶һ˵Ρ
˿̣վڸǰţ־壬ھΣȫһš
ȡȰѵջȥô
ŵʵСģɫҲܲζãȻļӣƯķ΢΢Щ·Ŭһ԰׵촽üʹ༸޷ݡ
֪ôȻһһģһܲ𾪡
ŵ촽֣̽ȥƿǾֹڰеĵȴû
һɣ۵һڵϡ
ͬһֻӲľżǣţеǰ
ɣԥ
һһ٣ǿѪʼ⵶.֣ŵŵ
л˵
δn꣬ĳ߿ֵʱ򻹻ŵʶַڼáͰͣ
ǰʮǣͰ޹



32 
ŵסˡ
ŵŵ
, ǿô
һ˲ŵдԼ˵ٺõҲԼԼֻ¸ûһģһģ˴, һʱ㱡
ϳԼ, , Ѿһˡ
Ǹͨƽ磬ܸ
ŵ, ȴ۾һһˣŵŵ
ֽһΡ
һ, ˴Ӿ޴ãȻնѹһֻ૵һѾִѪ
ŵ
ɫһ޶İ糱ˮӿ, һмܵĿ̹ġ
Ѿ֮ܳΪˡ
һֱ渵, ŵʶ
ŵŵˣҲʶӷӦĸ죬Ҫȥǣ
ֽڰ, ûļ, һƬ½ǡΪŵٵغ, ֱӶ㵽ѩϪȥˡ
š
ã۾пκλ, ֪һ, ͷûп
ڸո, һͬǰԼһ, ſ˫ۻڱǰ
ɬ, ֻԼεеͱ˼, һʹѪҺ·Ѿֻʣһյǻǿվ
ŵŵš
Ե󣬲ˣ
죬Գտɲϸ֮£вײĴʿȥ߼ǰ
ү侲ЩⲻǡС
˵ſŵв⺶ȻǰûиСգүı֣ŮϢʶӦСʮ
Ƶүʶ㱣˷磬Ϊ
ȴûʣʧǵŲǰ
ѩϪüŵĶԲľܾ΢΢ŵǰүʲô±㽻ң벻ҪΪС
ÿ
үŵ
ĽŲ̼ͣһ˲
ѩϪҹүɷСûطϢкηԸԸ͡
ûӦȫ񣬶עѩϪɵĹϡ
ŵŵҡ
԰׵촽ֹסšüеĺѪ˿Խԡ
΢΢ͷɳƵ·˵ÿһֶڸࣺ
ŵŵΪβҡң
Ҳã˵仰ţ
㡭Ϊβˡ
ÿ˵һ䶼ͣһͣԽԽͣȻѹֿƳƽı󣬵վй¶·ƤʲݵĿ֦Ҷǿڸס±׵Ԩȡѹ޷
ʹŲݾܾҲϡ
ŵͷ˫ֽһ촽˼ȴʼղ̧ͷ˫۾
ⲻԼӦʲô£ʵصĲӡ
仰ѾˡĿģŵ޲ðԼһСš
⸱ڱȴǳܲѹֺ̿µ˵
Ŀڼмת˼תүȰο䣬ȴ֪龰׸˵ʲôʡ
ǰ˴˼үǰСƻϢƵŮӣүһۿЩŮһк³
үƫΪȥСָôȰءѵܰѡ˼ĺĹ˿ô᲻仰˵ô
ѩϪʹ仰ĬȻĸֻͷһۼͷ͵ǰֻܿë׷ŵ
үԼϴˡʦõֲŵŵѩϪ֪Ӻ˴֣תʱû
΢΢һһٵطʣ
۾ʱۿѾһƬѪ졣Ŀɱ֮ͬҰް㣬ǿάһ˿ǣʲô
ѩϪʲô˼
ĺ¹ɫ壬ŵŵǰ罫㶪گ
絶˶
ѩϪûʲôӦŵ˸
ʶôãһ˵
ϸСȴˡѪɫĴӲΣݵĻȫ
ָһ޴
źۼΣԼٿڵ᣺ŵŵԲҲ˵ô˵Ļ
㲻Ҫ¡Ҫҡɲ߹һ㣿
ŵҧ´ͷ۵ļиǰٰ尾
ڣѾûȥ˼һϳԼˡ
˵ڶεĴҪǰȡΣʳ־Уˮһ㱻Լסֽš
Ⱦ飬մսᡣ
ӣޱȷŵҪԼ֤ʲôûķŭʣֻб΢Ŀϲ
ĽǶȽռ˾Եƣ
Ϊʲô˫ôأһʼȥǶ·ѹǧ޷¶ԭЦ
йһ˿ģѵͿѹ̤ô
ŵŵ
Ҳ˵ĻˣҲ֣ǰңΪβˣ
ͣᡣ
ŵ̲ס̧ͷ
ͦμ㣬ˣŲɵѹ
ŵĳѾѹĿҪˡ
ѣյĲѹҪյǷֵã
ŵҳɣȴȻͷֹסǺ
ǿѪ˲
һԣĵ̾˺üЩɱϣƵϺ飬ɴ˿ȴԽ׳һԷ֮أóȻ
ϵĵòȡ
ڣʰͲסӣ£ֺαػӦóү˺λ˿λү仰
ĳүģҲֱһֻóѩϪ˵үʲôѵ滤סǡ
һճȭڴѹ־ҵĿȣһֹ̧ʡ
ѩϪү岻ʣϢһ¡
תͷԸ˱Ȳ
ˡ
ѩϪȰүҹշɼοԼӡȻ̫綼ȥϢֲߡʲôɷʣ
סǻѪѹ̫תƿȡ
ʵѩϪҲɣȻܿĸ顪ѾԼȵһʲôĳ̶ȡ
ǣ˿̣Ҳʱ䣬𸵳ʱеƬ̵ı΢ᣬʵ̫΢
ȻһλȻĹ£ΪһĹ֣ǡ
̶ʱ飬ȫȻֵĲѪȡ
ڽƳȥԼȫǺͱĮЩԼƳȥӣԱסǸ밲ֵĲк
ֵǮˣһ͹ܹܱסԼġ
˼ת˲ŵȻ߳
˫߬½ǣɫ˵ݣӵģֲȫǡ
һ˫ʧ¾
ŵҡ
ҡ
ô˵ء
׹㣬ŵտ˸ͷЩ˵ȥŴؿǣȵôܣûЯҩֹĵȸһ
ɫĲӡ
Ȼۿȴһһ
΢΢˱۾סӿϸâ
ŵŸʵҩˣȷŵӿΣգ
ѡ񣿸ʹֻ࣬ἤٿصĶø졣
û·Ҳû·
սȥ߰ɣӲͷƤǰߣһһɡ
ŵŸǳЦݣһᣬͷСҵȷµʦá
ͷѩϪ
ԴǸεͷͷ򸵳֮ǰεھ·ߣ·ʱҡжлң벻ҪΪ
ֻˡ
絶ʣȴһ£ʣεھ
ŵ˵Ҳ֪
תѩϪһۡ
ѩϪ̲ס̾˿ɨһȦˣ߽ǰ
ѹүĵѹĲ̡
ĻĿȴİת˻ǰģССϡ
ʱ·Լ񵽵ģʱǱŸϢȡҾңңȫʧԼ֣һжȫȻ֪ˡŽߣ塣
۽޲˼˫΢΢һ̧˿ɲĻʶ뽫ŵС
̻ŻκζסѪζֻŵŵ
ĿɫţŵӦһš
㲻ǵˣô
ŵ̧ۿҧ´Сȵͷ
ͷӿһ𡪡ѩϪĻʼǿѹŵѪ
ŵŵ
䱦ŵŵϿǰȾӣԭˣ
һֱţҲʹǰûвĳףڶ֪·ס˫ۣΪŵŵͲ
׳˶ٿࣿôεھȫޣǳ˺˺
龡γѳȥȴ֪ıЩһܾ˿Ȼ֪
·𱻳صĳ̽šСŵûж㣬ŵŵǳ磬Ҫ£Ҿ˺㣬¡
ŵûж㡣
Ŀ԰׵ϴӹǦڵü£ʵں⣬㽫İת᳦
ŵ̾Ϣ
֪
ɱİ
ͷת˲ȥŵһ򸵳
⼸·Ƕ͵Ľҩһ㣬һһ㻹˸
Ӳվԭأ·ȴеķˣֻԷҪãˤ
л˵
ǰʮ
Ӧò˰ɣ춼÷ģǡ̫ˣ˼



33 ˶
ھ˽ս, ŵҲͨˡ
ԼվҪһġٲھΣĲ̣Ҳһֱһֱӱȥ
޷Ըİ, ҪԼ
ֻһδ, ҪŻصԼ, ô٣Ƚеľ顣
ڸᾡ, ԭôʲ, 뻶ϲУȥ
Ǵ˿Ըŵ˵Բ𡣡
С, ˵ĺϡ
ҡͷ˵Բ𡣡
, ֻֻ̿ʹ̡ŵŵһѹĵǸôܵ
ߣʣ
ŵŵԸԸ, ҵ˵仰
˵, 䣺ԸҲް, ҪǿԼ
ŵûôԥ, á
һ, ǵѸٶ롣
ѩϪĿŵ͸֮תأŵѪɫ, , 뿪ĽŲôҲȥ
˫Ŀʧ, ɫж಻, ҲҶ˵ʲô
ѩϪƵ÷ֲ֪ЩʲôЩĲ¡
ŵѩϪȥɣûϵġ
ѩϪɡ
ŵҡͷ
ѩϪֻõʲô±ңҾ档
ƽɬĺ
ѩϪ
ǶǡǰֻģӰ²Ⱦ˳ɫƣģŹӰȥôɾ
ǻ໤ţš
Щġ
ĬȻڶɫԲѿ
˶ȥټǰֻʣǶˡ
ǰǶ˶ʱ򣬿ɲء
ŵ룬ʵԣ͸ķֱ𲻹̶նѡǰǰЦӯӯ
ʱûԼһվǰ
Ÿüۡ
ŵŵƬ̣˵֣ҿԡ𣿡
ŵͷԣʵҲȷҽʲô
£̲סʳȷʵڵʣΪȷ˵Ǹˣŵŵ䶼ûУͲϴ𣿡
Ҳϴ
Ϲ۾ûϹİĹˣվǰ֪
ŵһСʣҪ˵Щʲô
˻θһʹƽ߲ڡ
ŵŵ˵֮ǰεھʲôôڿкЩûﲻ
ܵͣǸҿ鲻Ҵһ
ŵһʲô
͵ظ̽̽Ϣ֪Ƿ񽡿ݣ·ڻм尾
ŸԵŵв𺳡
һֱöԼ³֣ȻʡԼ£ҲҲЩʲô⡣
ȴôҲ벻ȹĵģ
һ䡰ɲԡһ䡰鲻⡱ᱰ΢˼¡
ŵ̲ס˵ү
򴽣ŵŵү
ټϲмԸӣϸĥ˵ίŵŵ㲻ǵˣǵǴǰûô裬ǰỽһ硭
ͣ£̶㲻ϰߣǱֱӽҵҲá
ŵ죬ʹֵͷ˵˾䣺Բ𡣡
ûжԲңԺҲҪ˵庢ӣҲãûб㡣
ɫصȴţŵ֪Լ״ûԼ׿ϣҶ
ֱۣ¶һϸ󣺡ûϵģ̽ɣҲ⡣
ǳǳЦһ¡
ǰ֣Сʵĸ֪ȫôСģɶŵŵѾǵԼֻ»ŵҲһĲϲ
°ؽŵ˻ıɴϺָСĴȥ
Ȼ̵أһϣŵŵôˣô˵ˣ
ŵ͵طӦ
ңעһֱڸϣҲΪټ岡񲻼ãǿ֧š
Լ֣ʶϰߵȥֻ߬˿΢΢š
šûУֻŤһûµģˣ㻹Ǵһְֻɡŵ˵Ž
ջ֣ˣ˵ģǲǣ
ǡ
ԲŵŵҲġȻϣ̼ϵô¡ڽϾǵáǻץסŵŵΪһΡʹί˵ԼŪ
ԭΡ޲ͱԼôô
Щ޴룬ػ̧ڱǼָոŵһ˲ȴֻǳ㣬κҩζ
ôôûвҩšüʡ
ŵ˵ʲôѾˡ
үкηԸ
ȡ
ԪӦһȥˣŵֹ
Ǳһ¶ѣڶȥģûʲôģõõôصҩҲôۡ
ҡҡͷ
ֻվһľ۵ò֪Ǻá
ǿȶ񣬸СǰûбĲףҿ
ŵ֡
ʵ̫ϸᣬû䣬ֱӽֱ
԰޳ָȥһƬë¡
һϣȵȻָ⣬۵ļָޱϤĴС
ۿһᡪΥĴУʻůڵᣬ̲סҪᡣ
ɬ۾㷺ϸʹ
ŵŵϸǷ纮δûԼü΢šѩϪѾôˣʱ˲ھûкá
֮ʧҲ֪᲻ʲô֢
һʱ䣬ϧŵŵ£ǲǾˣ
áŵѣΣ֧Ųסûƴǣ¡
뽫Լϣľٶֻ֣̿òſڷԵЩ硣
ŵŵһλҽĴ㿴òã
ŵͷͷƬ̣½ͷૣΪҪôð
΢΢Цһ£ұ͸öá
ᣬֻͷ͵øЩ
ٶøȴһ絶ʡŵŵǰʲô¡ȴ˵ίֻ̿ɪ
Ŀ־壬Ķˡ
Ȼ뵽ǰ֮¡
ֻһ룬˫ֿʼʹŵŵԲסɽ⡭Ҳ֪㡣
ŵһ㶣һ磬Ѿˡ
ѵΪԼӣ
Ҳá޴Ժ󡭡Ժ¡
˵ЩİʵЩºԴ¶ûµʱ
£Ĳ֪ν͡µģŵŵŵҲ˵ԼϹ۾ֻԹԼ
ŵ޴ңæ֪ˣû¡Цһ¡
ϸϸţŵŵʱûϳ㣬Բס
ʵ̫а׾еǸȥŵҪĲˣûµģҶˣ㲻ôϡⲻǺö˶˵ô
΢һ޿κεϧ
ŵŵԶô
аֿɬ̡
Ϊƫ׽ŪԼΪζӰƶˤµӵʧȥıͻ䣬ϲ󱯲Ū˵Ϸ
ǣʹܺˣΪʲôһγ棬Լ۸
ǳʱҩƲסԼͻᱡһɽ⣬
ȫȴʩȴš
һʹֻڣѰŵ
Сȴߴࡣȥܲ͵Ŭͷ
ֻǺĿⷽϺ֪ôְƿˡ
ŵǰϥأŵŵյκβǧҪҶãֻǡ㲻Ҫҡ
ŵһ԰׵̲ס֪ˣûйˡ㲻Ҫţ֮ǰ㡢Ȳ㣬˻᲻ġ
һ˲
Ȼûȴһһǳǳ
ʧ峺ͣҡͷްġ
ŵЦǰΡ
̾ƺƫԼ˸۾Ȼ˿Ŀܿ۵׵Ļ飿
۾ǰǰ㣬ǰһݲһ̡
۾ŵ˵㣬᣺ɣոնһΣעġҳϣ֮ǰЩ㡭
˵ʵ˵Ҳʵû¡ӣô°
üĿ˿̣¶һЩοϲõӣͼԭģص
ŵŵĺܿġ
̾һ˵䣬΢ţƺлҪ˵
ιʲôû˵
ŵкܴ
һֱΪ𾪣ʣмܲסЩʧΪڡǾʧˣҪ˵Щŵ
Ҳһ˵һЩȲҪ˵ġԷ˵¡
ǵĹϵǵĹ
Ǹʲôû˵
ŵܸоϧⲻô̡Ƕȿ˲ʧӱ
˿ֻ̣룬ҲԣǸͷࡣ׵ǲ֮ˡԼȷ˵ܶ໰ԸԼͬ
Ϊһʧ֮˸˵£ŵڣǰϤǲǣ
Цǰ
˭סôû˵ѽ
ŵŵǰ顭ҶġֻҪ֪Ҿ˺˿ķȻһƬã͵Ǻת
ڹ£ڽһʱ
ǧ㿼Ʋʵһ㡪ĹȥֻĵΣкܶ顣ǷܳܵˣƽϲֲҪġ
̡㣬ڿĵһۣ뽫ڻУǶѪԶ֡
ѾһСһŰֽվϧռϷ硣
ŵҪ˵ʲôʽˡ
࣬һű㿴Ƕ˵ơһţһϥһԡ
΢һüȻ£ôǸˣһ˲ס飬һȻҩڸֱߵСϣ˳ȥˡ
ûʲôӦⷬģҲûʲôֻȡҩࡣ
˳Ľ΢ԥһ˲ѹг嶯ҩݳȥŵŵ㡭ԼҩͿϣô
ŵͷӹ
ŸĿͿҩ߲ȣȴů
񻳴ĴͽǰóʲôҲ޵ݡ
һʱԳߵһ΢ѩϪ
ŵûԶľ룬˵ʲôȻ
վ¶
ŵȫ²׼˼ֻ⸱ģĪţҩվ
ŵŵڴ˼һ¡ᡣ
ŵһȥץ䣬ոնһ־ô˿̵ԼôܵĶ
ֱֱֻվţ㡢Ҫʲô
ŵš
Ҳڵʲôķ·ڻգôɱѹסѪȡ
ɫƽɱʹټޣŵŵ޹ģֳܱǲ̵һ棬ᣬ¡
ţ᣺£Һܿ˵꣬΢Ц£תߡ
ȡŵһ
ҪɱѩϪ

һ˿뱱ĮսȼǾ鲻͡
ɲǼ䣬ŵһ¼ǧͷִֻ˷һظ㳹û
ŵͷһڸϣ»
ŵŵ
Ȼŵסֻ֪еʵԶĴ
е㻶ϲǿģٴ׹ޱ߱Ԩȥ
л˵
ǰʮǣpsÿ춼Ϊ֮ǰѰԴĺظĳɱסˣԿرͷ.jpgǿվ̲հ~ûС´Ŭǰ50ͣǣ



34 ϲİ
ᱧŵǰ߳
Ħڵ̶, ϢɭȻ𺣬·𱻱ƵҰޣ˫ã۾
ǶվߣѩϪҲδߡ˿⾰, һ㶡
ŵһС԰, ڸвʡ, ĿбӣѸȥ
ѩϪӦ, ̸ϣôˣ
ڸǰѹѹװ, ѩϪһྻ·ۣʲôôͻȻʣ
ķ
նĿι, ȻЩ߻Ҫˡ
ѩϪ촽ĺܷ, ǲɱֻƴġ͡
ү

үôҶԣ㲻ܴ
еĹм, ƺǶж
ֱ𸵳ĵصһ̡
ɭ䣺ΪʲôҲŵŵ֮, ͷ
ѩϪеֽճȭ, ǰɫŭҵȷ΢֮, ջκһλ, ҶΪͷǾʶҲᣬүʹԸôǿȡ, Ȩ㳯Ұ, ҲýֶһŮϡ
ɱ֮Ȼ, ˫ؿȥ, ŵø
Ѫ׼ҹŵŵ㲻ʲôƷ
ү㲻ܾô˴ߣ㡪
ѩϪûû˵꣬һؿڡ
ǱطȥڵϿȳѪ
ٲѩϪһۣŵ߳⡣

ŵ˸һ߿ţֵȥλ¡
һ·ϣķ·һ˫δֽšŵеӣѪҺȥ
ٲֻҪ衣
йڴϣޱϸ¹ٰڻСһ̽ȴ⿴ٶࡣ
óҽ޷̵֪ľ״˿ÿһ붼·ٵļ⵶һĸѪ졣
ŵĽɫԽԽɼȥҶλ£һЩ
λһܲ˰ҹȥҲûʲôŵɣȥЪˡ
ѣֻǸصı飬λ²ΪҪˡ
·ϣʼĩû˵֮ĻֻʵһŲ֪
һͷˮֻѹɻ󣬵ȿӵŵĻ棬ĥʵ
İСûǵôһ£
ֻĴ𰸸֪£ȴǵһҪˡ
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ķ·һ使İٺϻ꣬һһ㡣
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һ㣬ѩ촽üĿ续ѹѹͷļ򵥣
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λ˼ţȫʧ˻Ҳ˵ͷ
һ˵һּŵͷ
ûһᣬλЩη֣ŸôûôţԺô˵ҲҺúòһ²֪
⻰ãû֣ôЩ
λϸꡣ
Ƭ̣ڻҡͷԣԡӰض˵ĳ̶ȣϸмѭͷǲûκβףԭ򡣡
˼䡪š޷ˣж˴̼
λϸ֪򵥼ֶͬУͱڸϡ
Ὣ촽ŵǡ
һҩ¡ڶλ﬽½ۣʲô̼ǳ˼֮⣬Ӧ֢״ʧʧֻöܵõ˾׼Ľ
ɫ𺣬߽Ǻã
λµ֮治УҵѧǳֻʦԲô¡˼һֱڱĮǱߣЩ鷳ҡҲһԸһˡ
ˣ졣
޳ϧŵգ˺ܾãʵô
λ»˼飬ѧҽʶϵʦ䲻һ䣬㶲ŷԼû˵
һ⵹ˡѣȻѵġֻǼλʧʧ棬һ˼Ŵص㣬̲סҳԭֻ࣬˺δˣûд󰭵ġֻӹ̫ЩպҪտš
ɢλ£ʺжûйϵ
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λֲһ䣺ӲҲҪġֻҪһֱĵţʧ
ʱʢģȴ˿գ֪϶ǺáͷоһŷӳŻмζҩϡ÷ȥѰ
ͷĴִŵ֣ϸϸĦ
һļ飺ŵŵ弫ãӲġꡭ
ꡣźۼֻ뵽֣Ѿ۵絶۾ַʹ
λ¿ŸɫһȰο˿β㣬ϿʱûΣաšһָ̻䣬ֻǺˡ
˵޷ֻҪݱǡ
˵ǱǺͨ͸ˡλ԰ģղŻ¸벻ƽʹ
ֻ߸ոշģһߵĲˡ
λµ⻰ҲŴ̶ܾЩΡ
鷢ʱ㲻ھУΪһнת㲻ûѰҹɹþֶΣΪȫûпԵķѪڴ漣ʵʵ
Ǿ˵ֻģ˿бҪ˵
ǰһһô߹ÿһμ尾ߑݲѯ˿ԼǸۿ˵ġ
ϻ죬ѣҡȷСʲôġ
ȷ
նŵŵɡ
λҲϻͷãȻ϶СҲ˵ʲô˼·ǾʹǰûûǱ滻ˡ
֪ټһܻϲ㲻ͻȻ֡һı𣿡
ֻ
λ±ҭһ¡
ŸɫһĳȴݡȻ֪ԼҪ˵ʲôϿɣıȻӳԶ
һⲻ˵κҲ˳֡
ˣзִ磬档
棬м¡Ƕλµ֡ôԵ
λɫ
ĬȻƬ̣ŵҵ۾ɻô
λһü۾
򴽡
ǶôֻŵŵˣԼʲôҲչ
㷢ֲףҲڻ赹ռ尾Ʒ衣
һᾡģѾ̫ˣҲұ֤
ͷл
λ¼ˣ˵Ҳ˵ˣûʲôٶģͷˡ
ʣ˵ˣظŵҴҴǣϸ
һ£𨱡ս
͵̾޳԰׵ڻ˯ϣ
ʹĵ˼ǧվ̲ס˱
ŵŵ
лл㻹š
ͷȥһϧСڻ˶ǡ

峿չϡ
̩ͷŲҴҡ
Ӧбվͭǰ˹ظƽ½ô꣬ûŮϰߣԼԼ
̩ŽӦбҲûͷģʲôô
ˣ²̽һ¡ʱ̣ȻѩϪۡĶԼ棬ͣ˽һʱȥ
Ӧбһ٣ѩϪʲô
̩
ҹȥãܲļҳɣڸУѩϪǸĽɫӦбĿ
Щ꣬ٳֹһࡣһĵġҹٵ£ѩϪֻƵĵط롣
Ӧбֱ˵ʣѩϪߵĹûɱ𣿡
̩ûСҹѩϪвδѪλԼˡ
Ӧб̲ס΢΢ü
˵Լϣ
ǡ
ǾȤˡ
ӦбЦЦӳɣ¹һԼϣǰΪԼ˱裺ƺĿһϣӦֵġһû¡
̩Ӧбǰǣֱ˵ˣѲľģҲʲôšӦðϹ۾֪
Ӧбʹǽڷָһûһµû
βԾ޴㣬µȴʮѰζŵŵľֹλ㷴ŵŵҹڽϾ˸ֵȴͬİһ㣬·𲢲ʶ
뵽Ӧб鲻ͨʲôϢǹϸϸٲ飿
ˣеϢδ֤ʵֻǴһЩԡ
˵
Ӧбɫ̩㲻ԥЩСֱ˵̽һ˵ǹﲢѩϪʦã·żȻʩȣһֱߵġ˵岡ҼȫʧԼȫȻǵá
Ӧб΢΢ۡ
ȫʧ
ƺȫ˵ͨˡ
ŵŵ
ʲô©ʲô
ŵŵɹ쵽ɽĳУȥԼժøɸɾ֮ټ̼ϡ
мȷʵһοհס
Ӧб΢΢۾
Ϲ۾˶ûƾ費֪˿ϳˡꡭվԼǷһ۱ϳʮּϵŮѱ滻һ
Ӧбǧ˼ȴû¶ߣջ֣ȻˣѾѩϪҲȥݷˡ˼ȹ飬ݸϲա
У֮ǰԸ飬زˡ
̩һ˵˼ƶǹСǡ
Ӧбۣüġ
꣬ź˸ɻǵáŮŵŵʮɣ۾ЩŵŵĴγȣѷɫԶˡʲô³ӵʲô³
ӦбЦǷӣô˳ҪǸ˵ҪֱӲץȥǡͰ͵Ĺȥӻеĸθ˼
Ȼ֣Ǿ֤ٻףҲֻһֽ͡
̩һʵˣҪҪ취ѡ

Ӧбյ뵵ѬЩģҸ浱ŵŵױ˵ˣ־ʲô
һڲ裬ʲôЦ飬ҡͷ͵Цһ
㿴춼վǱߡİıˣĿģȴΪ˽ٲԨѡ
̩һʱûӦбЦʲôˣ˿̸Ѿ˴ظˣ˵Ƕ֪మ˸ߡ񸵳ʵǿʤ꣬ûץסᡭ
˵ˡӦб
֪మĸʱüѾЩ䣺Ȼʧ䣬֪మŵŵļȫʧЦǸ·ˣͷ
˭ᰮһŵĳء

ŵʱҹĻ
Ŵ𣬴һȦܡϸ¾ɵĹװ㣬ƻľİβϱ߹˫ᣣᱡ˿͸Աߵ벩żܵһϵа޲£䷿֮ԼڰĹ뷿ļֹ
ŵһ߿һ룺ڵ֪ź󲻽ߣοڸǰεʱ˿̲Ҳ֪ضڸĸϡ
ҲֻỨô˼
ŵԻӣͷԱ֮ǰ࣬ûô̧ͷƺѾˡ
ȷԼε󲻾ñѾ˺ܾá
ϵͳСʯ˯˺ܳʱô
һɣѾǵڶʱ
ŵһȻ𣺡ѩϪɱô
ϵͳ˵ûС
ֲ˾䣺һֱ㣬ߣʲôҪӦòȥɱѩϪҪ붯֣ɱˡ
ŵûӦͷڴͷ͵𿴡
ϵͳʱ̫ˣ̲ס˵㣬ʲô𣿡
ŵ˵ûС
ô˵ʲôأ
ŵ˵һֱѹȷʵЩԥһҴ㻻˼·£ô졣
˵ҸôԸáĵĺá
л˵
СӦˡ
ŵŵҪҪˣȭ
СӦҳԹĿΪӽ̫͡
ǰʮǺٺٺ



35 
ϵͳ׷ʣã㡭ʲô˼
ŵ΢΢ü, ˼ⲻǸöãѵһҪ
Ҫô˵ϵͳͷĶˣˣһΪ㶯, Ͷ, ֮ǰóѽ
оļƻӦûʲôѶ, Ŀǰһ׶ֻҪߺúˡһü֣²ø, ڿ, Ǽ㣬ʧôûһɡ۸, ġΪʧˣʲôǵˡ治
ŵš
ϵͳӣ, ôֵֹİǲǻʲô£
ŵ촽ȻһЦ
ô˵ɣҲи׼֮ǰ֮߳վǰǺȻ, ΪʱҴһ¡
Ϊɶ˵оô, ϵͳЩԥˣɶ£
ԭ, л³̫, ҿȫʬô, ġ
ŵֹһҪ˵ϵͳȱżû˵, ءȻһʼҶ, ǼȻ, һɵ, Լķɡ
ҲôʲݵĽ֣Ҫôôѣֱǿ̣Ҹġ
ɺ֮䣬һٷֺʮֵˡ
ϵͳе㲻ģǶ𣿡
ŵȻһ᣺ҲһΪһء
һǻܽǰԼȥ棬Ϊ֪㲻ġҹϵͳ侲Ҫһ㣬Ȼ׶ûѶȣǵΣϵǺܸߵģɱûô򵥣ͱһ¸ɵġҪ֣ҪﵽĿģҪСĺСĲС
ģѾܲˣ㻹ĵҸȥ̫˰ɡ
ǵģҪƭѶˡ
һ㡴Ԩʱ̣ůϧƭһûʲôΣգҲѡ
ȻҲһڵˣΣյ֪̽뾯Ǳ˲ƾҪﵽĿģȷʵҪһʱı
ϵͳ˵øΡɽ㵹Ѿ£ɱĶĿֱ졣
һһϵͳĬ˰죬ڣϵͳ˼˵
㣬ҾأҲǰЩҪԼѹ븵ڻԶţͺúһЩ˵׼ȵʱأûôѡôϲ㣬ԵĸԸİҲпܡ
ŵüǣôģ
Ϊʲô
ȻܰŵΣҲҪɡ
ʱ˿̣ԸңΪҲգۡǵԺ󡪡ԺһҵĲ⣬֪ҵɱģĸԸȫҡҪô
ϵͳ˵⵹ҲŶ
ɣѾǰˣһһȫ·
ŵ˫ֱϥǣ˵ɣһȥ֮Ҳĳһ컹𸵳ġҲ̫Ҷӡʹ尾ӣطҵģҾþͺܺá
ȻҲ¶ʹ飬ǻϲʱȥ
һУһ߱նʬ⡣
ңЦĺܺÿ
šȷʵϵͳԥ
䲻ģЩС̽㣬һ䣬ʵңûжԸİɣ
ŵĬһᣬȻ
Ҷĸʲô
ֱ׸㣬ҪϲһˣһײܸôҶҰĿһɷŲţ
ϵͳشͷһλҹȥ
úúã㿴Ҳ³ôһ𡭡ôһ֪ûСֻҪĿ꣬ôҶϵġ
ϵͳһ£رãЩżоڰµǸСľд˲Ҫġ
ŵ֨

ŵȶˣҲ֪ղΪͻȻô侲һӲԣ˵ȷʵ취ˡ
ʱʵϵ÷Ǵ洩鹤޸ģкܶĿԸԤ⣬ȥ̫ķѾѲֵʱõʱӽʱԤ
һĲƷȻ꣬зûô׼趨ʱûһȷڡ˭֪ٽһ죬ͺȻˡ
һƱľУӦ̫ףڣʱ˵̣ҪһȵŪġ
ŵĥţһ´·š
ͥԺɪһˣʢ֮޶ԳЩղеĲϲ˷̣ô塣
洵ɢߵĸŵԭȣ˵һ㣬졣
;еƣɴߡ
ϵͳܸв֣ŵһţһĥЩطΪ֮ء
Ųá
鷿㰲ȫҲҡ
޵ҲЩܡ

Ϊ˼Ļһ֡֡Ժи֣ŵĽŲ
СľйȻҪ˿и⡣
һֱӱܸġ
Ҳӱȥˡ
ܿܽ죬ٴԸʱ֮ǰԥԥ岻
Ҫһ̬ˡ

ͬʱڸǰطδǰһȻݺصսȣݲɷ
վǰȺʱ˸ĬĬ
Ȳţһ߳˽ؾھ԰Σ˳ⲿ˾λռ࣬λʷ̺ĳ붼мǵϸ˲鲻ʧ
ʵͷǡ
´Ӳ׸ԣ˵ձɫǰߣæү»һ޴ˡ
ʵ˵ҲˡǰͥԺվһˣڹϢϤ档
֪ˣȥɡ
º󣬸Ƭ̣档
ʱǺҹĿӣȴߵʮֳжȣ֪˸˫Ŀм
Ѿڴ˵һӣδһᡣ
ٽ£ǣ˫ö˾Ŷʮ꣬ôԼӡ
ǰվջĿ⣬ͷɫĴһȣүɺã
ףҺܺãǹҡ
˵ˣΪء涣
ÿɷ񣬡壬ѰҺ£
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Ȼָѩ͵һ
죬Ϊԥڵ̼̾ſڣүĥԼˣѾȥ꣬áһЩι˵ɼԼˣĶڶУĿģɲҪħô
壬֪Լʲô
ҴصŮŵŵû
ʲô㻹Ǿǡɫӣǵ
壬ҴδȷϹʱҲھСƽӦбʲô
ߵʱŵŵúõģʱȴȫʬɽѺΣ֪мһڳ˴ŵŵѾϢ滻ƽӦбܱϵĳ
ֻ޹һУֻתƴճһʵ
˵˵ȥԼ޴еĺʹڣ׵ĲȻҲ֮õĿࡣ
Ļظ
ϸôŲģ£ǰǰ˰갡֤ɽٽϽܣһ˶ض׷ڵʵ
նֻ˵СûֻǱ˲Ķ
˵ڲˡ
˼·״̬ͣû˵һǻѪֻƾ߼Ŀð죬Ž˵
±ߵ˵ȫʧҲϵáСˡô꣬Ѿƺ޶ŮŸʵ㲻ϴ᲻ǳЩȦףΪ˴ﵽĿģôһˣһ޷Ļԡ
ҡͷᡣ
ȷ𣿡
ǡ
ֻԼʱ˻༸ģȻ˵㲻ɣãǴ²ᡣͻأ֣ⱳ󡭡
壬֪Ҫ˵ʲôΣûϵġ˭ıܹǳ
һᴦġ
죬Ҫ˵ʲôƺʲôѾ˵ˡ
Ƭֻ̺ͷðɣзִ磬Ҳ֪أ׵ġ֪ԼˣӺεȴϻۣѱԼĸӳԶ
ͷתվڽĽǶȣ־οЩıֻµĳҲǺ¡ô꣬ڲ쿪ۡСûʵ̫ˡ
һЦ
ȻüȴǰȫοϲõɫԵЩȻ
ôˣкβ𣿡濴鲻ԡ
ҡҡͷ
˵ˣ壬ȥЪϢɡ
һۡ
Ӱ
Ʒ̫ͣûиŹµʸֻСźȻ󣬲֪Сȥˡ
ȻĸѪųиϷǣĸûзֱ
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˵·ȴ˱ѡУˡĴƷӵиŹµݣСӡ
ȻЩ˺γףʱҲһֽѡ
Сôίβأ
Сˣѹ˵Խ˼ô꣬ϸκ˵֣еĿ඼ѹĵףɲҪ𣿡
СΪϲ٣ûеôϲ
ǳǳЦЦ᲻ãǻϲˡ
ΪΡ
ɵ¹ӳ¸Եò԰סǰ鷢紵˿ȥ塣
ʵǲɾ
ͷһô룿ҲΪˡûΪԼ
ﵴƽǣǲܻգۣҵϣմ̫˵Ѫɱֽ㣬еˡ
ҡҡͷϲģˡ
ɽۣȻ֣ԭϾһ˶
ҲʱԼһʣڲưܣԼҲǷ̧
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쾹Ц
СЩ鶼֪ǰʲȡ˿̣ȫʧҲһ޷ָм˰֪ģǸʱֻζԴ
Сˣҡ⡭Ŀİ֪˵ʲôˡ
кޱȣԭø˵ڣһЩ
ȴ룬ֻԼԼһ顣
ƽ壬㲻عģްġ֮ԥΨһԭֻŵŵ֪Լ׺󣬻ѹˡ
ԼĻûʲôҪ
˫ֽһ𣺡⡭⡪鲻İҿȥСǸʲôɫ
šüס
壬ԭҲ˵Щ㷳ǣ㲻عᴦõġˡ
ãȻֻѹֿɬͷĿ뿪
潻̸ֵЩʱ䣬ҴҸϻŵ󣬻δߵſڣȻһ
ⷿûˡ
Ȼ䣬·Ӹߴ޾ԨϤı־֫ٺ
һƿţϢ׹ߡ
ŵŵأ
ԭ³أȴһ̣еȫĭȥֻʣµĿն
ⷿյķ·ûס
̫ѨӿϼʹָֹסѪҺһ̡Ѳһҹն
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տżͣסˡ
ŵϴǰ̨ף̧۾Ϳʧǵվſڡ
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ŵʣǲѽ
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
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΢΢۾ԽĽֱס˺
ԭ־嵽ᡣ
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ŵ΢΢ƫͷսһЩɫ
鶯תתԥ˵о仰ʵ˵ţ־ʱͳ϶̫ԣû˵
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ܻһЩ֡ŵգգ۾һ˫Сֽһ𣬡ǣȻҲǵ㡢ǵĹǣģҾúѹ
һΣŵûо籾Ҳûо˽¶Ȼ㲻ʰԼ⣬֮ǰѾˡ
һһ鹤ߣֻΪԼվǰ˵ˡ
ȻԼԼͬʱѸҲһʱ˵һ仰ҲЩ졪ûĻôһӡ
Ϊġ
л˵
ǰʮǣ
оҵıֻɼ𣿣ͷ˼ܣ



36 ܾ
ŵЩ, ˵һ֮ͷҧ´һ˫Сֲؾס½ǡ
ֽţȻȻ׽
ε, ʹ˫Ŀʧ, ŵϸ΢ȴ֪
˵ĻȻů, Ȼϲ˽, ɻеϸСĽ, ֽţȴȫѪҺȴȥ
˼, ΢΢𴽽ǲҵһЦ
ŵŵ, ǲǺˣң
ţʲôӦ
ŵգգۣЩ㶣ûѽ
㲻ˡֺҡ
ŵһ١
Ľͣջϸ˵㲡ԣҲ, ûеһʱ˵Ҳ, ̿ǲǡ
ŵ, ֪Լ, ûȫôô룺, ԼŵĻ帵ĵġôûϲأ
ԣǻ˵Ĳã
ŵȷ, ԥСҲ㰡
, ɫ԰, ɫ½͸, С
΢΢һЦ¶ԼûвĴŵŵҴΪպھߣϳݿв㣻ѩϪûлסߣܱ㰲ȫݡ
ͷͣһż˵ǿȡᣬ㡣㲻Ҫ£ʲôԣҶ㡣
ŵֻģһʱ˲˵ʲô̲סšü㡢ǲʹ
ҡͷûС
ʵǲʹֻϰʲôҲ˵ʶֱڣܵԭĻʹġ
һͻмܵĿֻʹ֫ٺһһ㣬ĵĵط޴ӵֵ
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ûίԼ
ŵЩżҡͷĲУ˼ʵУ붼ûѿ˵㲻Ҫ˵û˵ΥĵĻΪʲôô˵ѹĺܲҡ
ȫˣԼĻ˵Ĳᣬ̫ãõţΪԼڷСֻǴıֶΰˡ
ôŵЩɥ˵Щĵġ
գ۾ŵŵеľɥ֮⣬ȫó
ѵ˼ǹͷֻ˵Ӳõ¡ﾹԼͷϡ
΢Щ޴룺Ҷ˼
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˵Ķģ
š
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һŵ˵Ҳ滰
ˣ˼ϸ壬Ѿ޴ʲôһЩøȿڶʧ䡱˵మֱ췽ҹ̷
һ㿪ԽԽá
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΢΢Цţɣûϵģ֪ΪҺãЩŲʲôõĻ䣬Ҳ
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ЦüۣȻһţмҪ£һֱš
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۾ͷһˣԴ֪۾ʧͷ·һֱһصʯͷ۾һ˵ôҪʧһµ顣
ȻҪʣµʱ⻶ϲ֣ǰ۾Ǳزٵġ
ŵĽĸ棺ĽëֳܣǼķÿĲ񻰡ʱ˿עȴ棬ͫʣԺϵͳ
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ϵͳе㲻Ը۾κˣ²Ͳڷô
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ŵϸؽ֢״һ˵ǰûҷҽúоһ£۾ô
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΢΢ڷ¶졣
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ϸϸ˿˿˿ʱڵһ˿ʪƣĻ£گĴűոؼ֡
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˽ؾһ֤ȷ䣬Ѷնⲿ˾λȴͷӲʲôҲû˵ҧԾȷʱ嶼ѽӲˡ
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־ǿⲿ˾֮һ̩˷ģºͬʦֵܣǴ˵ݣگҲû
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ӦбһӣôһΪһЩ
Цһ׳ʿʵѵá
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ôӦбʡ
ǣ¾øβǡ̩˵ȴ˸䣬ôˣֻСġ
Ӧб΢΢Ц޷ȻҾ㲻븵ͥ񣬵֣⳯Ҳ˵ֻ졣ҪңҲûһˡ
ȥɡ
̩죬ˡ
ͬʱŵҲڿ£ϵͳġ
ûʲô£ϵͳÿշĳ֮º͸
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һΣⲿ˾˹ֽλӳˣȻ˽ԿѺһԻΪӷǽѣԱպ󷭸Ȩ衣
٣²ⷿ˶Ŀԣϱ󲻵ʮʱͰ˶گȥˡ
ŵſڴϣ˫ĥи⣬λѺǰڿ˵Լ˿ⲿ˾պ壬λ´ȴ˫˫Ծˡ
أ
ְһ˵Ӧңҧ²˵ɷѴǣûУƵԼͷϡǴ˵㣬Ҿѵò𣿡
ϵͳǾˣǲҪֻҪȷʵɵģѾˣôҪľǽڱ֪˭
ŵͷףǺָʹǣˣµص㡣
˵ͨˣ߼۲ͬŵĵϵͳһһְȱȻλ˴ҲԸ˵ȴһôʵʵ׷ôذʰˣȻҺͣûкôα黹˵׼ĸӪһ뵽СʵеȨǱˣ
Խ¸ıȫͬĽ֣˵׾١Ͳ˳Ӧ֪Ȩ
ŵͶһ飬ôҲ벻ףϻ۵һˣҪʲôĽŪô˵Ҳ龰ȫûô
ϵͳ˵˵Ķԡ
šԣ
Ϊơ
ŵûˣһΪԼ©Щ㣬Ҳ֪ʶء
ⷽȷʵǷȱҵһ󣬱ƱҵҵģѡִĿЩˣڹŴĿзⷢȣ֮ˮƽͲԶˡ
ֻĿ⣬ʼص㲻Ȩıβıˣűɹġ
漰Ȩıֱ㣬ŵǺѧϰġ
ϵͳЦ˼ûаʵͦõģҪ˵ĻأСʵǹ⻷ĲҲκ˲һӦбҲֻһνʧˡ
ŵ˵ܡ
ϵͳ߼˼άģʽһϵеͱкܴġ
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ŵץץͷʲô
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СôȻǡΪʲô߸Ȩ
ԭҲΪὫȨ߬ڿǡ
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ĹԶΪ߼㣣ѵͲֵڣ
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ŵʱ̫ãǿȵ˼ЩֿۣʼκġΪǰεľ飬ⲻʲôףŴµصˮѹһѹ
˭֪ߵߣȻŵһѣθأŵһ⣺ˣˣ֡
һ˲һûüʹȥ
ʶʧǰһֻ̣һͷѰҪһʱվǰƢ
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***
Ӣɵ⡣
һִɡʪУָԵð޳Ưɶ칤Ʒ
ߵıƽոЩԵ̨׵Ĳţһȷǡ
ŲֻĮüǰߡ
ү¹һ²ֽһ
Ӧб޶˶͸ǣ֪үɷ
ζͣ˿Դݵػǰ
үӦбվԭأߣüǳЦԸͽ̣Ҳ޷¹ȻޱҲԼȥ˼ֻǡ˴ҴңЩظһİĹô
Ųס
ڷĳü΢šһǺâ
ӦбЦ²¶ˣϲүбʧ֮ϲ
ĿĮȻǷã㡣
ᡣүܼԼı۰򶼿ɿȥ¹ı֮Ȼ׾٣ǵֻ¹ѷͷࡣ
ţǣһЦĿãɢЦֹ޾
һ仰Ҳû˵ǰȥ
Ǵһķ磬Ӧб޶˸оһȻദ꣬ԹΪóʩѹĳĬ˼صѹ־塣
˱۾¶һĨ΢ЦүҲδȲʤȯ¹Ȼţƴһ˵ϼ仰ǿġ
٣Իֱġ
ߺֱֱ߽˹ԡ
ӦбԼһλһ㣺ֹˡүǲ̫˽¹٣¹Զ𣬱֪Լ޸ĸշġ޳Ϊó˵Ķ
öˣŽ֣ƾԼеٺãҲӱ𡣱˵Ķõġ
ұϲϲֻҪãҶϲ

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ڵơࡱ˳̨׹£ͣ±һס
ӦбţԼһͬȥ
Σ΢΢һЦ
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л˵
СӦŵŵĸ鲻˵ǡϲֻ˵ǡҪ
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37 
ظǰʱ, ʱƽЪֻƮɢϸϸ˿һ㡣
ûдɡʱ鷢΢΢ʪ, ͸ס
ͳʽھ, ⸱ģ, ̲סȰүʱ, ߰ɡƲ, Ҳôɡ
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ָָ鷿Щյ鷿Щ
ǡ
պӦбĵ𣬲ٱ, ôô
΢΢һЩȷ, ү˼ְӦбŶô
ʱͬգˡ
ǣˡ
ǰ, ֶס, ͷʣԭֵˡ
ʵԭֽӵؾ, ʱ, һ͵ˡ
ͷȥɡ
ֱŵԺȥ, ؽŲӿЩԽŵԺ, Ϣ͡
ߵǰ, ʶǳǳ, ߵ, ԡһѪֱΣյĸ֪˿ֲĵز
üĿһݣֱƿš
ɲǼ䣬ȫѪҺ̣මȻ𶥵Ŀ־úﶸȻʧ
ײײڵѾõĹĵ淢۶۵һ졣
ŵ䣬¶øֱֱ׹޵ԨָգƸܵϸ΢ıϢϢĿֻݻѳ
ԣ⣺үʲô
ȥλ£ȥ
ǿȶ˫սᱧŵλڻУȥ
ĹڴϣޱǺãƵĴ񾫴һڡ
ֱŵ彥ů֣ͣСĽڴߣһС֣һϧĦ
ŵŵ
ϧһ³ɡ
ϸ׵ָڴߣǣҪңܲס
ִ˿̽ü䡪ʲôҲֻķʽжǷʹ࣬¼ƽӦǰȻģԷ
λĺܿ죬߽ʱûȡ
ֻһԲɫʲôҲû˵æ̽ŵϢ
̫ˣѾѰ֢˻һӦֻ۹ȲŻƵƵεѵ˼ǹ˵ʲô񣿡
ɫ԰·ʲôһҲ֪
һֱֱ׹ǰΨ̸һشģɣŵŵ᲻˼ЩŻ赹ģ
λ°֣˰ˣҴˣҲ㣬ֻǼһʱ˼ɻ䡣ȷʵյʲô¶벻ƵεҲпܣ̵ҲΣա
֮ǰȥодһŷӣλԥһ£ӻóһűֽݸ⣬ټϲ֪Ƿ඾üҩϸùҩļȱֻǡ㿴ҩһЩ
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īдĵط΢΢ɷɬֽϵȻģףһὫҩ롣
λ¶һ£򴽣Ĳ˵ˣζһɵģһζҩʵڲУʱš
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λ·һ֪̾˲ǿǣ벻һڡ
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λ³Ĭһ᣺Ӧ֪λʦˡ
£ŵСֻ֣һ
λ˵ҩɲá
һõ
ɼǿȡֻΪ鲻Ϊȫ

ˣλҲ˵ʲôˣֻͷȥһҩ㲻̫ģڣﲻ¡

ŵʱǰ졣δջɵĿͷ޶ѹ֡
ۣ˼ûȫλ߱һİˣҩѾ¹ˡ˰ɡ
ŵתͷǰԲۣһľȻİʡǣ
ȺҩүԸ˵һʱҪҩˡ
һ࣬ŵ̲סЦ£Թӹҩͷˡ
ҽԭ֡
ŵǺһڡ
㰡ȸҩҲǺţӹǿɵýšԭվŵı˳
ŵҩ֭ȫʽȥˡ
ֻû뵽ԭ־ȻӣԭӢˬޱȣݾĽӪͷ֮ж
ŵʿˮϸ´ԲԲ۾ȶ۸ʮĹ︵󡢻ը.ҩӢɵλСʵ۳һԭ֣
ԭʣ£
ŵҡҡͷ
ҾͽŽˣҽԭ֣үиչģԺӣֻһˣͷԸ
ԭüҲû˵ƺ㣬Ȼ㡭
һƺת˼Ȧֻŵ˵ģǸδŮңܸовڣŹ˸䡣
ŵ˵ŵŵǡ
ǰ˴գãҿѰˣӦүµĽʿɣչңⲻô˵ʵҪǲԸȥ˵˵Ҳͬɣ
׸⣬ߴδйŮһʱûεˣֻԭֶչ
һί˼ҡ
ԭ˵ͦԸġûмˣмҲίҵүȵģָʲôʲô
ŵһ㶡
ԭеȷûἰԭֵļ£ŵһֱĬңû뵽Ȼо飬Щ棺үȵ㣿ʲôʱѽ
ԭʱش𣺡ǰڲѩɽĲԭʱүͱĮо̺ӪϢҵʱײܵݾˣ˳ְҾˡͬһһ𱻱ݾ˴±
Ϊϧҡҡͷֻϧү鲻ãûܸԴǵǻġƺźΪڲԭԵĸԭʣµİƽϲűǣĸѾһ
ŵͷһЩ棺ԭүϧء
ԭֵͦؿһۣеģҵʱŮ
Ŷŵҭһ£ʵ㽫ҷϵιȥˣʲôҲ֪лչˡ
лңҽŵԭְڰ֣ӦүġԺҲûŮˣ˶㣬ֻүܽһҹҵ˲ųȥ
ԭˣŵͷ
ֻŵˣҲ֪᲻̼۾Σһҹδ˯϶۾á
ŵһ΢΢Щζԭ֣˵ԼºæôϢһ¡
Ӧûʲô¿æʱ˵Ѿ᰸ˡүճȥæ֮£ȥΪҩġ
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ŵͷգգ۾е飺Ҳֻһѣǻڷô޴Ĵһ϶ôҲҲˡ
һԺҲûʲôˡ
ŵԥ˵ʲôҩҪүȥ󣬶ռɣʱҸ˵ˡ
ԭֵͷȷʵףǷҿˣδҪɱš
ŵæ׷ʣʲô˵
ҩȻϡУүӦ⣬ΨһλʮóһζΨһֳɵھ¶ɶͺ¿ǹͺ¿ҩүõƤ
ŵʶһᣬһ˫Բ۾ԭ˵ȥ
ԭЦǸͺµסַŶɶһλ𷨸ĵõɮ˶˵ġأӱ˵ڹŰ壬Ựȥдһƪ򳭡ʵүֶβ̣ɱ̫ҵ
ԭķôүҲүˮˮүͷϣͺ¿ɵصóԸҿֻ¼һ涼ѣˣǡ
Цǧŵá䡱һڴߣǡȻôأ
ԭһ޹ʲôΪʲôҪű£
ŵȻԼû֧㷴
ôõģˣסۡԭָЦ˫һ̯
ŵһҲЦһĿԭ룬ǡ˶ǵõɮˣҲһô
϶ᰡ
ŵֱ´㻹ôƽҽ£ġ̴ȥ
ͷ⣬ɫѱ֮ǰ֣ŻоһѾҪȥˣһˡ
æٴδߴԭ֣㣬ˣϽ
ԭֹȻֱ֧飬ܸɴߣû⣬ûʱ

ɫ΢ʱվھǰ
˿Ϊü˼ˮŨܵĺڷ˵㾧Өˮ飬Ե԰䡣
üƽ޲
عӵľš֨ѽһˣһСɳֳֽɡ߳
ڸǰվ˫ֺʮ˸񣺡ʩס֪⣬ԺƬ̡
Ƿ񣬡͡
Сɳһͷתȥˡ
УɽּĹɲ¶ؼΨ˿ɳɳȼž༸ֲ
ʯ峱ʪ䣬ˮˢ¶Ұ׵ĵɫ;̨֮£üûκƽ͡
ĳĬȻ£׶Ĵ̹ǰľʹĺͬһѼ׶ϥ֫
ܡ
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ʱһһƣ峿ʼƳͬ۵ϸϸĥˡ
һɫҰףֻе˴˿̲Գһ߰Ҫˡ
ڣűٶƿλСɳֻ߳Ȼ˫ֺʮһ񣺡ʩסĳ⡣ÿʱһڵںɽӣҪƲɽ
ɫ䣬ֻЩƣá
СɳοĿЩεɽ·ͣʩ˫۲㣬
ɽɽǾԱĵɽµʦڴʱǿдɽɽ¶˼Ǹ֮ءʶô꣬ɽԭʼģδΪĽɽ֮·ŢУطδ·ʯһɽ٣ƣ۲
Ӧ֮󣬱δ˵һԲСɳֻɽ
ȵɽɫѰ
һ˿ѪɫҲʾˡ
ĺ죬ϸгض
Ϊ׵ɮӣ˫ֺϱһݣɶʦ
ϸվһ죬ʪ͸˿˶һҾ񣬷·һ˱ʪĲԴ񣬳˲Ŀ
ɶعͷ˸һۣ΢΢һЦ޵ʩɫ
ƽϸȴӶ񣬡ֻѪȵɱ¾֮ˡ
ղһƤ޷ԡ
ɶЦʩ֮ƶɮ޶ֻۣһ˫۾ֻ֪ۼΪʵ
䣬Цݼʩ˵Ȩ㳯Ұ޵ڶķͷҪģԼûеòġ
Դǿޣʵ򰵰Ȼƶɮ죬ʩҪ֪ʹֶθӲƶɮΪ飬ΪȫȨƣƶɮеһˣʩȻֶ顣
¾ޱ֮⡣
΢ֻʣʦβſϸ±ضвӦ¼С
ߣһһȴأ޶廷ײʯ֮˵׿ɿ
µеӶ¾ͷԣɶĬһͤ߳
ǰüĿ΢ǫȷ֮⣬Ѿȥôãƺûӡ
ɶĿԶ䵽ϡ
ʩһڴ˴֪˷ȷʵ١Ȼʩأ˳ȴܿɹ󡣡
һǿҩл׹֮Чһλġʩ˫Ѫȣҵδɢ˱ϣֻû಻Ӧġ
ɶ΢٣һת²ǲơʩԸƶɮΪϴ㻯ƶɮɿǽҩ㡣
ƾԸ
ɶһ֣һλӿУ˫ֵһںĳޣȽϡ
ʩ֮ʦֽĵͤ˱СǱޡʦʩ˫֪߿ϲðϢʩϵծʱʽѪȣΨôѪɳԸڵͤǰƶɮΪ㾻ծʩԸ⣬ƶɮԸ˫ַϡ
ĸԸ
л˵
ٺٽ㣬ǰʮ~~
дͷһӾӸԤơд㣿ٺٺҹ



38 ŵŵ
һ, ڳƺ˼֡
ü۳ȣһһͤǰ°
ĵ쳣ƽ
Լ, ĲǸɮ, Ƿ档
ɶ, ƽ޲˫Ŀһ˿ü壬¶Щ֮ɫ
, һʵ봫еѪȥԶ, ֻӣȻһλҹӣȫв̺
ֹ, ԼҪüҲδһ˿ŭ衣
, ͦɣȼ˲ұӡ
Ȼɶֻһ˲㸺ࡣ
ƽƳһ, ͷͤϷ, Ŀʦױġ顱ϡһ, ٻؿʱ, ֱúͷһ㱯Ȼ
ɶףʩ, ƶɮˡ
˵꣬һ, ĳ޻˿, һɵ߹Ю䶾Ѹݵıȴͬһ, žһڸϡ
ֻһ, ǳɫϱԳһѪۡ
ɫδ䣬һ˿춼δ
ɶ˦̢һƿնֱͦı޺۽Ѫ߰ߣʪ͸뵿
ڳһ˵ããΩ֮졣
һѪģѪ͸°ڴһһڵϣʪˮ֮ɢ
ʼδһԡ
ֳЩֻͷ۹۱Ǳǹĵĵǣ̲סĲĿȥ
ס֣
Ȼ䣬һɽּľ䡣
˵ɫȾֱŭɶų΢΢һ١
գۡ
ŵŵ
ƽ˫¶ãȻ㵣˵Ϣѽǻþ
üš𣬲ͷԴ
ֻһƬ뵴¶ȵĹ⣬һģǳɫţսů˲䱼ǰ
̵أؼϸȫʧһз궼ֽɡڱΣͷϷů
Ȼüšĸŵŵ˵䣬㡭
ʲôƾʲô
ŵȫûĻԶԶѾŭգ˿վ࿴ģͷ޸һ˫۾޺෽ǰɮˡ
߬ȭһ䣬Ȼˡ
ŵɡڸͷҲ޼¡ʪ͸ˣѪݺύƤⷭűˮѾҲ̶á
ĿĻǻڣҪ.ըһ·ϣʹԭ־µĶɶԴԭֻ̯˵ô֪һŲϲ£Ȼǣȴû뵽ӡ
Ϊ˶Ὣ֮Ҳֻǿڳ֮ȴ룬Ҷִ
λû۸ˣƾʲôñ۸
һˣŵҧѩĿͬһڶɶϡ
ɶһһʱ
ŵתͷһַı䣺
ɣŵŵ
Ҫǲ̴ɽȥ
ü۾ʹ˵ˣ˳ŵվ
ŵͷԭ֣ҡ
ԭԼⷽһۣǱɲôáûҹȥһס
ŵסչ΢΢ڽűҪϣȴϸһֶȷӦһԼΧ˸ʵʵ
ߵͳ㻹ţôܳ
ŵع񣬲ܲһѳ磬ϣǸģǸҵģ㲻ˣ£Ҵĺ񣬶ҳǰδҩ֧ţµġ
δģǺ֣ɽ·С
ŵһѹµǰ԰ǱˣּҲ֪ɽ·У㻹˵ң㡪ôôɵأҪ㣬Ҳ򣿼֪ʲôˣﻹҪܹˣˣ߾ˣƾʲôô۸㣿
ŵŵֹ
ô˵ˣŵͷ޺޿۶ɶתץŸ֣£ҩģһвѰνĹƨƵˡޣҲϡҩʲô˲ģһȥ
ŵѾŭȴû뵽ɵü۾ǳǳЦ⡣
ЦʲôҪ˵ֻŵŵŮӣԽֻ
û̾һ㣺ȻȥҪԡ
ŵͷµֻĴ֣Ǽȫûл˵¶ȣŭա
ߣȰңҪٷҲˣ
Ȼһ
׶ûɫҲ㡱ʱ·ѪҺɣͫʶϸСš
δ֡
ŵδЩϸڣֻжɴǣתߡ
ͬʱɶһԿڵλŮʩ
ŵǣŸֱֱɶǰͣ£
ɶʦ𷨸۸޼ȴ뾹ֶնĶ벻ȫ㣬ûʲôҪʲôʸֻ㱻˷ΪõɮԼ߸Ͽ̻ˣֶΣѵͳƲѪô
ɶһ㶣Ӳϻ
ŵս֣ЦҿĶӯ㵹ӱǧ򱶡ʲôվƵƸߵϣ...ͷΪʲô
ǴĦʦתǹɣҿֻδĺ쳾˰ˣֻֻ۾ȴûһõӣֻжٱѪծȴ벻㲻ծЩȥʳӦãѵеֻҪһűӶνĶ˻Ӽ£̫ƽɽȹ̣
ţŵһ£ǰ򻤽սƴɱűĳȷаʳսţҲܿܿһӣҲܹıӦǵϵѪҲΪôжֻ֪üϵɱȴһ˿£ľ£Ҳδð˿ʲô֮ǿںδҹмأֻĳ֮ȵʱֹóˣʦסǣУۿɽӦܵıҸǰ
飬ֻԼΪ裬޴Դʲôõɮ㻹ʦױĹͤ»ӱˣʦȪ֪ҲֻĵӶѵ㾫𷨣ȴֻ޳һΪǵĿ֮ͽ
ŵһҲû˵꣬ٲɶһۣŸתߡ
ʩɶæڡ
ŵͷɫúܣ
ɶһֲ˲ϵϸڷߺ죬˿ҡ
׵һλ֣ǵӻĺܣǰӻȡһʲ˫ַϣɶӹ򴽡
ǰȻͨţλ¡
ӲҪ
ŵݺݵ˵һ䣬һҧһҲŲںҩֻ֮£ұǴȥҲԲҪĶ
ָָǷģҡ
ɶͷ͵ĸЩ΢΢ת˷˫ֵݸ
ӹл
лʲôлŵ޷޴ô۸㣬˵ʲôл
ɶ죬ֻյ˵ֵڶӵ棬ʵھãҲҪ˵
ʩԣͬͷȣƶɮŷԼѾãѱĿҲˡƶɮѵЩԷ棬ҿʩյѽඥƶɮм
ŵɨۣû˵ʲôתͷ
ɶҲ֪Ȥ΢΢죬Ÿ˫ֺʮƶɮˣʩ֡
޷
޷޷ʲôŵ̲ס˸һۡ
˵ֱӿڣ˵أҹɽ·ߣʦΪǿճɮᣬҹǱڴ˽סˡ
ŵԭ;ڴһϲߣ˿̼ԷĵǸŽ뷨˵
˶û˵ʲô
ɶͷӦˡ
ʦˮɴҩ
á
ŵŸֳ˳ˣҴߡ
Ҵߡ
õ־䣬Դŵŵ˵
ͷɫ΢΢̴ǣһʹյĹĸϣҲʵ˶ֵá
ŵСĵطͤУԱЩ꣬ҲһᡪҲ֪ŶĿ
߳̽ŵŵ˵
Դ˵Ҳ㡱仰ٶ˵ʲô֪⼸ϴδϵİ̡
ŵøĿ־壬Եؿһۣôˣ¾˵ѽŪʹˣ
ǣޣҵġ
ûʲô֮ǰѾǵˣ̫һεǿЦˡ֮ǰҹܶδҩͦסġ
ü΢šʲôҩ᲻ᡭ
ŵһ˵䣬֪֪Լɫʲôˣ
ͤãսϸ˳򣬡ǲǺѽǲǺ۰һ̣һǰѷʰǾͿԹȥˡ
΢΢Цɫɲ԰ף۽üҵᣬȴΪƽʻ
˵ŵŵģҺܺá
Ȳ䣬Ҳۡ
ֻǻϲ
ŵһ٣ʵڲ֪ܺáô˵ġ
Ȼʲôվֱӣкԭ֣֣ʲǻɽȥЩүƽʱõҩšһЩԵģкʵ
ԭͲӦһתܣ¾ûӰˡ
ŵͷŸ£ָҡ
֪ҪʲôüĿȥ
ŵϸ׵ָڸϣ̽һ䣬˵أжۣôôϧԼ尡
ˣһæŵŵѹ⡭ûʲôģʱ޴Ѿϰˡ
ŵһŭʲôϰߣô˵ϰߣ㡢ҲѽҲǸ˵ѹģ
ˣҲ֪ΪΣ֮⣬Ȧĺ
ң뱧ֲңֻҪޣҪޡҲãҵĴ
ŵҪ˵Աһ
ԭһСɳ֣Ҳ֪ͤվ˶ãע⵽Լˣ˫ֺʮλʩѾʰˣƷҲѾ룬λƲ
ŵˮɫٵһۣʱѻѹȥСķСɳ֡
·Զ㿴ǰһªɮᡣ
ŵͷһɣӾͺãªЩҲ£ܰ˿ڣЩ
ţߵȴסŲɤͳгɣСʦΪֻһ䷿
СɳּΪΣʩ֡ƽڴУÿֻ´ɽסڴ˼䣬ɽֻʱЪţֻһɮᡣ
л˵
ǰʮٺٺ
Ҫ˺ٺٺ١ٺٺ١



39 ůӦ
˵, СɳƺԼҲΣҴ˸ֱӸˡ
ŵűģû뵽һڡʱɶҪʱ, ҲûϵɽϾȻֻ޽һɮᡣ
, ҲûʲôҪ, Ųô࣬һ, 㲻, Ƚȥ˴á
ɣŵŵҹ, ˲
ŵɵԲ۾ʱˣʲôģû֪
һƬ, ˺θɣб
⿴һۣŸȰɽ
ŵֹΪЩɮˣİ, Щ֪ҹһ, Ҳô͵˵, ǿ޷֮, ҪܲסԼܳȥ˵, ǳɺͳ
˵仹Щʺıɤſֿɰ
ʧЦҲۣŵŵ, Ϊ
ȥǷ, ŵȻҪվȰ, ļľ, ҪǲȥҾ͡
ҽæ
ᣬֻĿͷҲëȻԸ˵ȥ
Ȼ˵ˣŵЩϰߣգգ۾Ÿߡ
СɳԣֻЪŻӦãҹģʶȼªࡣ
ķӣ輫Ϊ򵥣ֻڽһŴ齣м֧һŽΪƾɵӣһЩ顣֮⣬
ŵ齱£ԱߣڻƵ⿴Ѫģı
˵⣬ݺѪۿĸ
˵ĺأǺۡ
ŵϸָԾս
һǣǰϣŵСèһĸΣǷڿޣκ˫ʵã룬ŵŵ㻹ô
ŵ̧һۣʲôʱ˼ģ
򴽣ҷ˵ǲǣ
ŵ˶Ŀⳤõ԰׵ϡ
ղһ۵Ȼ˻ȥֻһ˵˲ҵˣ֮ǰһһؿھ£
ŵ˵㻹֪˵ϰµģ±ͲԡȻ֪ǸϺжƫдƪֳ㣬ֲ׵ˣ϶ô׵İҩ㣬ﻹܹ۸
üۣްģֻǸȡ衣
˵˵ʲôȡ裬ͰˣǱɣۻ֮Σʲô裬ҿ澵ӣúԼĵС
ɶŵл𡣷۵촽źϣתۼЦԷǵĻ
Ц
Цʲôŵһ¡
۽üҸֻỽŵŵ
̾ߣ޾繣ŵڶֻǻɬͷһ͵͡šһ
˰ȴģŵ̲סʵôҪ˵ʲô
΢ЦҡҡͷûʲôֻǡоС
˵ʹʵǻ¡٣ѵʹŵŵůϧΣҲԼ룬ʵڵʵ
ɻˣ˵Լ
ŵỶϲüۣı΢ɵӣʲôУ˸¡
ʹսԾૣǲǶ̫ѽ
ɵʲôμˣô롣
ŵͷ𴽣ļ䷺Щ΢ѩ²԰׿ӣǴջĵĹƣȻһС˵Ļ
ԸӵҲӦôרҵɡ
뵽ǲۿ΢ȣŵһİĪĲ
һ˲΢ŵŵôˣںô
Щ̿ǰ֣ȴֲŵ
ŵЩţ֪βصʿˮĻȴôҲѹȥʼ޷ָһ侲
ֻúСҩôû˺ܶѪǲǺۣιȥ
˵Щġ
Ȼ˿ġܺãĲʲôҹ׶Ĵ̹ǵ˼֮ʹһƤ֮νǧ֮һ
ڣܵõϧܴ˺Ʒ
ŵ죺ã㡢һ̡
˵ţ⴫Щ
̻ͷ£͵ǻʺԭ֡
ˡ
ŵæȥӭĶ٣һ棬ʹ˸ԭֱֵֿ죺
ŵŵĺֱҳ˸죡֪֪Ҹղжٴ̲סֽкãֻš˵Щһֱֲ֪ô˵ĻÿμǺУֻ˵ͺ¿ɶ񡯡
ʿһѣطص㡣
ԭֹЦ졣
ⷽһۣԭĬĬҩ־ŵŵֺ֪ǶΥʵڸ÷ǡ
ҲȷʵδܹȽոϲʱ̡
ˣվԸʣȥ֧Ӫʡ
˰ɣŵֹȻʲô˼ֻͬ⸵ȥ˯ͬģȻҲӦȥ˯Ӫʡ
ŵҡһҡĴƣһ꣬ɽּ䣬Ϻ䡣
ԭֺܸмŵŵл£Һͻ˾ͲסˣɽŰɡ
ʼֱ֪ðڳʲô顣
Ҫڣŵæһס󣬳ſ˻ӻ֣ãңǲõģɽҲˣȥϢɡ
Щģүˡ
ԭָһӡ
ʣͷչˡ
˳ȥˣԼԼ
ôҽ˼֣ʧķɡ
ŵŵôУȻҽʲô
ŵ̲סЦһ£ͷŸȥ㲻ᷣǰɣ
һճȭڴߣţ
Ƕһ.ŵǹɻұ㱻ȥˣҩܻظߣ㽫Ҹҩ
˵Լ
ԣŵһ߬סҩƿôУԼô㣿
ŵ
˵һ֣ŵ㽿شϣвУҲŲͬԼأᰮϧ壬϶ԼŪʹġھͽ£תȥ졣
˵꣬ɴסԼ
һæ޴밴ס½ͬʱҲСĽֵֻСְ֮С
ŵŵ֮ǰǴһ
ŵɣֱҩκֱץסҲˡ˺۾ǰతһ̣񲻾Ͷһʹࣿ
ּΪ鲻ЩʣʲôΪʲôҸҩʲô˿ڽˮѪءľͲˡ
ǡæ˵
ظ㲻Ҫҡһţͷֵָ⾹Ħʶط·尲
ŵ΢΢Ӳ΢ȴʮᣬ˫ּ..Ĵо֪ΪξŴ·һ̣еĸйٶһ˫ϡ
ȣ飬΢
ʿˮĿڱ𴦣̻֡æַſ
ȶΪŹֵĽ£ŵ죬Сߴٵ㻹תȥ
һԲתȥ
ƵҡҷҳĬϡȡ
ŵڰ׷˼٣ˮ⶯ˣԼȴֻ֪Щ̵ա
ݹŹȣֱڱֹ
ӵ̺ŰƯÿһ綼·𾫵ϸԸҰԡֻϧ˾صΪдЩ
ŵᵹһ
˫΢̧Ҫ£ŵæֹ
ҡ͵ͣʵڳªԼɡ
ųɣ˲ԸίЩ飬һּصǣ±鲼˺۵壬ֻ½ġ
ŵҡͷ𶯡
ˮʪšɺĲȥϵѪۣܿЩƤⷭı޺ۣɰʱҲᣬ·˰̻ʹһ㡣
һһս죬س˿ڴ
Ϣ˾ӹɵϧ
ۿȻһȡ
ɵΪԼ˿ˡ
ƲȥԼϥǵĲ֫ϣָ⻬ӲļصĹ˿ص
˲дʱˡ
ļ仯һƬ䴽ӳУ·ӣ޾˫
ҩ˿ڴûκһ˿ʹеĸй٣ֻС΢΢⡢Լ޿ɱս
ŵΪɴһ߷һߵ˵ʹô
ᡣ
ҪŪˣһҪҡ
š
ǰǻ㡮硯ôȻ͵ʡ
£᣺ǡŵŵұǿ
ŵҡͷûǿֻ룬ԭĻӦûϲɣ
ʧЦȻỶϲϲĲ֪ǺãʵϣҲô࣬úûţߣѾ㹻ϲСػš
磬̫ʵڲ֪ôر㣬Ҳܺã֪ôôҵĺõġ
һᾡģŵؽɴãƵģԺΪҶˣҲ뿴ۡ
һһǵص޴мܣֻܶжףͶ΢΢޴Ļϲ࣬һ־ʹĴ궼ڲ
૵㾹Ҳá
ǰǴ˿̣һδξˮ
ϧ֪ǺõĹ屦˵Ļεļⶼ絶
˶Ҳ̲סŵŵҲҪ뿪ңô󣬴ŵĵһۣ˵ˡ
һ̵ֱڡ
ԣͬԨչůһʹ
һ̿ƣʾʳ仰Ѿǽʸ
ܸ֪һûʧĲ
Ƿ޷İ
ɻԸңϲң
ŨҵŵգۣʶվŨܵķϡ
ͷƽ̼Ĳֻ̡
ŵܸоµ彩ӲĵȴС
ʹٱĲָµסɲ΢΢һ¡
սߣС˵ã硣
˵ŵջ֣ԲŸԼһ㣬һ˫鶯۾Щ֪תת
Ȼڱ˴˶ѵ£˼ҵ
ȸӦŵתܿȥûĸɾ
·߹˫ֵݳţϵ·ʪţ·ãҪˡ
˵꽫·ǵͷܿθɴܵĽȥȴ˫ڰ׷Ĵ۾͵͵
ֻǳЦüۣ۵һƬɫӳУ۽üҳеĸϸ¡
ȻĿԵÿãǺתƯĽʧ档
ŵ㶿һᣬԼŵŵ
ɤԼ֪˶ٴΣθĵͳˣ˫նʱȾЩ⡣
ŵ֣˵Ȼ·
˵ŷӦԼһֱ˼ҿæתǽվš
ƺһ͵͵ЦŵǽǴ˴ա
䲻ģԺбĳһκһζҪࡣ
㣬ôˣ
ŵֱ΢ϣϵͳͻȻ£ʲô
Ϊʲôҹˣ
㲻Ҫˣʲôģ㲻Դܴ
ղţϷ𣿡
ûŵ侲רҵĴ𸴣û˵
л˵
ǰʮǣҪģʽ˷



40 컾ҹһ
, 㻹ǵԼ㲻
ϵͳ⧲һըŵС
ǲǰѸЩµˣղŶϧͷ˰ɡҩʱʲôղ㣬ʲôشأ
ϵͳٿ죬ȴʮ侲СС, ·иһĴ
ͬ, ҲϬ, վһԹߵĽǶȣӵ޷ӵеľ侲, 
ŵ촽, ϸϸҧס´
Ƿɴ֣һϸ׵ֱɫѪ΢΢͹
һıѩͷ, ˶һɹɱ⡣
ôһֱ˵ϵͳʡ
ڣŵµЦһ¡
, ûаôô룿Ҳһֱô
ŵظϵͳһҲ˵, , 㵣ʲôΪһûύôϸļƻ, ͻҶİɡ
ǵ˼·֪, Ҫ, ⲻһʼͶôҵȻҪúö˵֮ǰҲ߹, һһܺúܺõ, Ϊ, ҲΪԼ, ҲᵢĿꡣЩ㶼ģôͻȻʳ⡣
ǰ飬оﲻԾ
ģ
ġ
ûŪң
ûС
ϵͳĬһᡣ
Ƭ̺ЩãĲȷ㣬ĸİȫҵְһ¡˵ЩҾΣգҶ˽⣬Ӧòһٳô˰ɡ
ŵſڵˡ
Ҳ֪ʲôˣԭּȻᱻ۸ҲܵûҪɣҸ޶ԣܸùΪҩɾ·⣬ѵһ񶨵Ĵ𰸡Ҫ˵𣿡ӦòҪʲô׼ҲǶôѵٳӰɡ
ϵͳֻ˵𣿡
ô
ϵͳ־˺һ᣺񲻺֪㣬Ҳ뿴֮ǰļλ鳤һʹࡣ
Σյ㣬һжϵĺֽ֣ܷ浵סٲκθĵĿܡԣһʱôѡ񣬵Ǿܳһóٵ磬Ϊ֮Բн
ظһ飺֮ûκν
֪ҴûЩ
Ƭ̼žڣϵͳ̾һǾͺãǾͺáֻҪ׾ͺá㣬ǾԲ֪Ҫ񣬼̫ˡôЩ꣬ÿʮԽȥǴΣһ飬һҪ
ŵеķ꣬ЩĲɣţסûʲô¾Ͳ˵ˡ
áȵȣϴôϵͳ֮ϵرˣҾͲʱʱˣҪһٸСʱԶҶû취˵ɲУǻȱͨпܳ⣬ԺǱء
ŵֱӰϵͳˡ
ڣر˫ϵرһСʱԶһǳɡ
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2023һ϶ӭ2023ֵһǣ



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ѩϪЦЦӦ˿ˡ
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ѩϪӦ˴ӱֵۣʶˣ˾ٹ컯ȴ˶Ŀ²ߡ
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ֻȨ֮ƣǶݡǴǰ¡ٺЩҶԭԭ㣬ô
Ȼãŵһ
Ȼ֪̹ϣֻҪڴʱ˿̹ϾͺãȻĺճ
˵ʵڲôСΪ롪˶ȱ£֮Ůϣֻ㡣
ŵ˵֪ˣģҺãﶼ׵ģΪѵ¡
Цˣ͵һ
ȻЦЦȴӷվʱһֱֲ̫ĵӡ
硣 ŵ
΢΢ü
һգüĶʵŨɱŵɵ©һġ
عЦһǷֱ

ûС
𣿡
š
ŵս˵㣬Ҫ˵
ǳ䴽
ѩϪ˵ǰΣŵóԼѩϪһվڻǰĻûķӦ
ŵͷĿʹţֲȡģЩһ˿ɰ
ŵֱʣǳԴף
۽޼£û˵
ţҲ֪ô̲סЦˡ
磬
Ҫ󣬸һ򲻳ɡǶ˾ѲԶЩеߣǰһɴͣ¡
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ͷһ㡣ŵЦһ˫۾ؿװһ㡣
Ȼԣ˳ǰס
Цذ׵СŨܷ´ȣķʼӲȴܴ˳
ŵЦţͷҺһ㣬ѹ
һ˵꣬ŵо¸˽סˡ
ͬʱ̲סЩϧ˵ķӦһֱȤ֮ǰδ۲
Ȥŵûע⣬жԸۣΥ͵һʡ
һˣκˣ˿ġȤġ
ŵƫƫֿɰ磬ڻ𣿻˵㻹в𣿡
ֱ壬һˮ
ȻվһвݣǶ
ɰǵĶˣʹٶ˿Ҳֻʣ޾Ȼϲ
üΣشûУҺܺá
ûУҺܺáŵ龫ֵģظһ飬ĩЦԼ˵ֳֵһ㿪Ķû
֪ûиǣ˽бȻ¡
˼һжѹĵףҲûһһһֱһֱ׷ȥˣ㽫ЩԽԽ࣬ԽԽ
ŵûô׷ŹͷģЩݣЩ˵
Цˣŵŵ˵ѽ
˵ﻰ
˺һʵڲó˵
˶٣ǲ˵᲻ᷳ
ŵָԲᣡ
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ŵʵǣ
룬ֲһ䣬ûʲôرĸо
ΣĬһԣ˵ǲǡϲ͵ˣ
úһ仰˵ĿĿİͰͣŵҲû룬ϲ㡣
졣
ֲ֪˵ˡ
ʳղЩѾļޣҪ˵ﻰˣٶ֮Ҳ˵ڵġ
ʵϣ޴ϲıֻԼ֪ĿնĿ־塣ʱգ·ӵ˸ءطĻϲʧ顢ֱڣɤ˵ϲ
ϲһ缲磬һ𣬹ס޴мֿܵá
ʵ£֪Ϊε¡սɢһͣϨ
Ҳ۶˼⻼ûʧĲ룬Ͽҵŵŵ֪ˣԺ󡭡Ժһ˵ġ
˰죬͵һ䣬ŵ̿
գգ۾
ŵЦ죬ɷµؽ㿴˵ϲ㡯仰أýЩ߰ģֻҪ˵һ䡮Ҳϲ㡯ͺ
ס
ҹķǡôᣬķβڷиԳһȡ
ǰ·һſɴĹ⣬һѳ硪ƺ׾٣ÿһ̶һ̸
ŵƺЦ̾Ϣһһŵŵϲ㡣
ɤͳƣÿһִĿзһֶصǻˣǳӵйƻĵ
ŵȻûϢ˫һ졣

һ˲䣬˼·𶼶Ϊڣһ仰ֱӽոջԾ쳣ĴһƬհס
õģҲûô࣬ʲôɣеרҵܶ޹ءֻգ໰Աôѳ
û뵽֮ߣһ䣬˲䲻֪롪ȻٶļҲֲϣ򵥼ֶѣȻû
̫ûϢ˰ɣ
ŵԽԽ̣תܿƺͼ̲סЦ˵˾䣺ŵŵߡ
ҪߡŵӲͷƤӲ
Ҳ֪Ƿϸ΢ĲЦɫ硣
ŵɥ̧͵͵ǰˡ
ڸոգȨЦģ˵ѧ˲ɫߵֻԼǰԽС
ֻ˱飺ŵŵ
˿ɤŵ䶼
ʣֺ
ŵţûע⵽ֻ֣֡еûӣҲˣ㡢ǲǾҺܶˣ
Цˣܿɰ
ˣˣ˵ȥˡ
ŵֱ΢̵ս£ӲĻ⣺ѽ˵£Ѿ˸۾ҩҲַоĲˣ԰ɡ
á
׾ٵķŹ
ȻˣȴĻϲο֪ϲģǼߵģ
˵ʻҪʲôݣǱʵ
ʵСɰļⶼʹ
л˵
Ԫֱǣ2023ף쿪ģ˳ƱԽԽ޵зĺٺٺ
Լǰ66˳


42 ȷ
ص, ŵŸ¡
վߣ΢΢ͷ۾, ϢĲ, ۾Щˡ
һ, ԭֺ˵
ûк˵أչԼ, ֪, ŵƲƲ죬Ӿ»Ҷ, Ҳ֪ûкúøԼϵ˻ҩ, ҿһ
ˣѾˡ
ŵֻǺ˵Ҫ֣æһסʵС, Цãĺˡ
ŵţô죿
͵ƭ, ˺ܿ, Ҷɶ򲻶书, , ȥƤ֮ˡ
𡭡
ţֺЦ, ŵŵ, Ů, 
г, Ȼŵˡ
ûиôģղöˣؿҪһһ֣
ûаǱ˵·ֻΪ˸㴦˿ڡŲܣôֱô˵
̡һ취ҲûС
ŵŸ̲סЦЦЦţԼֻġ
ֺܻĵָĲ᲻һ¡
֪Ӧæɿ
ֻǷſԺĻ޹ǵĴ̲ס˴ָ£ס
ŵˣ۸ˣҲղٽЩʲôý̻ͽܣʦ
ЦתȥùĶ
ҩ׼ˣ֮ǰϵͳģרҵԣȻеĴá
ҩڸ˫ϣ룬СĴܡ
ԹԵĲʩΪ
һʼŵûʲôģ˳ģЩ顣
ȫȻΣв֪һѹ磬۾ΧѨ̫ѨͲһᡭ
ٳĿڣ𣿡
ֻ䴽һЦ
־ĻֻЦ⡢һЦ֮Цһ֡ҪʲôҶҲ޷Ц
ŵһ˲㿴ˡ
Щأ˵ʲôֻǸСĵظơ

ʮ壬ҹ
ԭܽϹſЦݣŵŵҽ
ŵһĴָģڽϾү󣬶δͺдҽֻ㵱ʱ岻ãү㡣
أүۼһֱܣǰտʼүƺүͲҪˡȥ㶪ҩžһֱԼʰ·磬ˡ
ŵֿЩδ̫ǫˣҵȵģôἼأ΢תʵҶµĵɲһĲˣԼҵɡ
λô˵ǸۼȷתֻǣϾԼʵѧܴ˳ޣʵʤ֮ˡ
ԭֵͷ˵ҲЩδܲס
ֽ̣ˡǸˣģʵ϶ҽ̫ԣ϶ʳգգҿүĴ׾ǻ˰ɡ
ԭּüŪۣɷµҡͷ
ŵЦҲͬ⣺ţ˰ɡ
Դ׵ӣ֪ĺܲһȲ̱ҲԼǶĿ˺Ц
룬֣һ£ûšİ
⣬⸱²ȷģԭֻȻ򣺡˸
ŵ̷ϣŲǣ
ԭֵͷЦˣɫȻûСˡ˵治ĻĸϲүŶˡֻģ㣬˭Ҫ
˵һؿ
ԭһӼˣ˵æҰݻģһ죬ˡ
ŵ˵Ļһ°ͣ鼫ãЦкû˽ɡ
ԭֱſڽһ
ʽ󣬺ؿԭһۣŵ񣺡Źˡ
ŵ˲ض񣬿
ʵл󣬵һ֮룬ȱ
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ƺݣĿİͰ˵¡ү˵үһˡ
һˣ
ŵԻʵҳԸ飬ԼΪѣȴûоֻк棺ʲô˰
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˵ɣǷѾԭֽӿڵ˽壬ǰӪУξүΪ¡
ôүҲ֪ݾʱֻ֣ʶʱѾھˡ
ŵ૵塭
δ壬Ҳ⣬ΪԵһˡ˴λδھΣȴҲʵҲûʡ
ȶһʱòһ£û뵽żȻĽ
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֣صģⲢ๾£ֻǡֻ˵үӦЩ
ŵ̵ͷ˷ģһ˵ġ
ʴϲԭʶŵĻƽڣеԭظ֤ᣬ
û뵽ŵ˵һЩڴлҲл
ŵæ˲ؿԭҲ£һȫԸɵġ
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ʺһ죬㵹еġ
ԭֿŵû˵꣺Ȼ㲻Ըˡ
ŵЦ֪ˣǷİɡ
Уϸˡ
Ȼףˣ
ŵü΢䣬ҡͷǴţ˵仰磬˵λ֣Ϊֱܸɣ¶ᣬԣ㲻Ҫ˺òã
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ʵҲȫУŵҼ˵ЩȻ˵Ĳ֪࣬뷣йأȻˣҲŸóȻڵġ
磬ΪңǾ˰ɡ
һʱʧϧͷ
ΣӾû뿪ǣŵŵ¡
ҪеȫΣҲϿ
οҲˡŵŵ飬ֻŵŵ˫ξ۾ҲòӦҪ
ˣͷһüĿº͵صͷ
ŵôӦڷģֵ硭
ţ
ڡ
һ˵Цˣȥô
ŵæͷ۾ģڻƣ֣һȥòã
޲ʣá

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УȺУг̻ʽƯĳƻգǧǳʡ
컪ʣƻ磬ŵڶοķپľȴһλϲֵĶˡ
̰棬ֻýҹһ̶֣ȲĻƽڡ⼸ΪٽĻƽڸȻһѪԵӡ
Ҳ궼ġ
Բ֮ҹǽεýգһȥҲԸȥе˺ֲۣĻƽڵĿలοһЩ
ŵŸȣߣˣɹ
ʱпŵһ˷ܵ⿴̲סŵŵȥ߰ɡ
ŵͷҲûأֱӰڰ֣ˣ˺öࡣ
Ц㲻Щʲô𣿡
С
ҪЩľûžܳҪˡ
⵹ҲǡŵͷŸûԷȻҲûгԡ
ȣŵеԥҪҪԼȥЩ
쳣Цŵŵ㲻ҪҵȣѾܾˣް·Ҳʲôס
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ţǰ
δ֮ǰ㿪ҩҿǺܺõҩӦûЧģǰǲǶôδҽѽ
á
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ŵһϲҪ˵ǰֽȴһӭϡ
һ˲٣ǲԩҲͷúõϹ
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ѵüүˣӦбȴкϹһЦݡ
Ŀŵϣŵŵþò
ŵ̲סһĨַᷳ꣬Ǻò׷Ъȴ䲻֪ͨҪȥĲˬǴԼľǴӸĽǶȣܲӦб
ǣסһԲܿӦбǰߡ
ھӦбʱվţҲֻүαôѵֽվסŵŵ֪ɱĸֽô
ŵסŲ
Щ㶡
ǲ֪Ӧб˵ʲô㶣̫Ӧб˼һʱ䶼֪ôӦźʡ
ΪϵӽǺ͵ӽǵرǺ̵ġɫһ˵ԷĿﶼֱ̫ȷ
ִ㶣ڸȴζ
Ѿһɫ
¹ּɬڣŵŵҡ
ӦбתüΪĳŪүΪΪ̹£ӦʸڷϰɡϣʵʵŵŵòЩͷﲻ᲻ϵã㾿ûи˵ʵûɱĸˣⶼǰ϶ĹֻԼӲ֤֪Է飬
ңӦб΢ǣŵŵǻϵĽ㣬δǻʱǽܷܶǳЩΪ㲻ʱʱ죬ػ֪᲻һ֮λӻʹ۴һ㿴լԺȫɿүеŵŵǰ𣿡
㲻ҡΪŵŵһûƼ˷ʵݡʬλɱȫҵһлԶᱻ𴩡
ŵüǣ˵˵ʲôأ
˵ƶѲɡ߶
ͷã۱֮ǰЩۣĿ쳣ǵ䡣
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ŵ֪Ҫʲôæסȵȡ
˵ȵȡ
˫΢΢һһʧѪɫŻǳЦˣ˿̾Щҿŵ
⸱ɫŵУʲô׵ġסӦбӴҪޣǿղĿɫֱӽӦбɱˡ
ȻŸһ嶯ˣҲȫ׼˼ĿǰԸ˽⣬۴ǰڣӲ˵ϻֱˣһ֣̫ơ
ӦбǼΪҪСʵǧҵٲˣ϶̡ƴҲǿؼߣɱ׸£ɲôܽҹģɺܴ鷳
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ȻأᣬСèһ˰ġ
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Ӧбעŵһ²˵ȥҴңǰΪѲȻûϳ
ŵ΢΢һЦԭˣӦ˹ȻΪԶԶ֡
Ӧб˫΢΢ɫϲŭ
ŵ˸һۣҲڴԼڶ˽յģЩЦ⣬תͷӦб
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ŵǲ˵ѣʲôϵڲ֤ǲأ֪ʲôֱֻʳ磬Ӳƭҡ
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Ӧбȷʵû˵ѣֻ͵ѡ
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üĿͷŵ
ǰб֣ϡܿ١Ȼǿܸо˫ڰ׷۾һģ·ֻװһˡ
ͷ̣ŵŵһҿ㱣֤Ҵδ˺¡
ŵæš
鶯Ĵ۾ӳӰЦ˵ûϵĳ磬Ҳʲôʱʲô飬Ҷ㣬֪㲻˵ѡ
𴽽ǡ
ʮյĻʣ΢УЦݱЩҪ
̽ţŵһУδܣģСĽ˱á
ռĻûһ̱ȴ˿̸Ҹ
°ŵë׵ķСøе͵ૣ޹ֺἵʡ
ŵ˫ȦţκϣΧУû˵ʲô
磬˵𣿡СԴʡ
ŵŵá
Ŷԭ˵
ŵʱоеæͷС
ȻУһ͵͵ЦͨǻʵĴС壬һЦŪû
ǿŵһ˫۾ǰĳơ
ˡ
ž˰ɡ
롣
ʲôˡ
Щʱ˼ǣɬʱʱʱĳӰһûɵĻϲ֡ԼԵذҽеϵͳСݣһС
ԭһжûô⡣
ֻҪһ
ŵϸֱ̧𣬲̫رסխ
ȥɡ


л˵
ǰʮǽú~~



43 ȫ취
ʮ, ֦ϵҶȫ価ֻʣͺͺĻɫ֦ɣתյɪսŨҡ
ȻŵŶλҩ, ֮ǰǿ, ͨȻ, ѾЩ䣬Ҫů¯С
ů¯ů, ԶԶԭֵ, ϣɣ㲻ý, ûʲôɽŵģŵŵɺˡ
˭ţ
ŵ, վſߡԭŽæӻ֣, Щ, š
ŵ̽ͷ, ȴûˣô˭ѽ
ԭֻͷ, ˵ŵŵ, ˹ˣݼ㡣
ŵ΢΢һ
Ŷ, , ǰӻ˵Ǹ
ûû, Ҽǵõġŵͷ, Ƭ̣ðɡ
û뵽徹ȻݼԼŵźۼİľٶȻǰϣҲûз¡
Ҳ֪һ˵ʲôʲôû׼һĥ
ܿ죬һӴ߽΢΢ͷɫЩޡŵ̧ȥһۣûøγƺֻ˫ϥһͨһڵϡ
ԭִסˣŵһ𡪡Ǹվ
岢δ˫ֳۣŵͷ
ͷصÿһ춼ŵһĸ񣬱ȥվ࣬Ҳ˲ñæַʲô˵
ŵַԼ͵͵лؾվ
ŵԭ֣ԭҲһãȻһָϵӣֻЦһ£գԺңѲһʲôҪҰæֱ˵ͺðܰҶᾡ֣Һܺ˵ġ
Ȼһ仰Ի˫⶯üʹڡ
ŵôֻһˡˣһʱ治֪ôڡ
һ¿Ƿ࣬ɹﴦãӦɱС
ͣͣͣԭȥˣˣ֮ǰ˵ֻ밲Ҫ֪˵ЩµĻͲˣ㿴ŵŵôһˣôܺɱģ
ŵ˽⣬ֱ˵ˣǰЩ£Ҳˣүûд㣬ŵŵġ˵Щٰŵˡ
ŵؿԭһۣæͷˣ۴ǰʲô£Ҫǳ֣Ǽٺò¡Թȥʲô㣬ǧǧҪٷˡ
ĵġ
ʵҲǸļƻǣ޹ˣǵ޷ˡ
΢΢ͷԭˣɷһرܣ
ԭһԥ
̫ߣֻǵ΢ɫҲǵʺүΣͷðɣ˳˵үĴ׾ء
΢΢¶ЩЦ⣬ǡ
ԭߺ帴ֵͷһǸȻ˵ȻǶ˵²ᣬУǲһġ֪ȫʧҲ֮ƣҪµǣʧȥ䣬Ȼ࣬Щ־ийĳڲǣ¡
ˣ֪Ҫ˵ʲôˡŵӻִ
ЩΣ£õףûԿ࣬ٴε·һֱڣǱ˻ŵġ
˵Ц£ɣ˿̻һٳģûа
ŵ˵棺ˣ㲻Ҫھˣǰô˿ֻΪ㲢Ƿҡʵһа¡
һ㶣æʲô
ŵ˵ܣ书ûʵۺĸ壬ҲϻۡԳԣʵûвŸҳϿɿպҪҺúñ
·֮¡
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˵ʲô
ŵüһ壬׷ʣʲô˵ʲôǰͲˣ
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ǵãҲû˸Ų֪ò˵ŵɫ룬˵ˣ
ǰ£˶ΪѾʱүҪѳȥġ
ĻǻԲƽֱ𣬲ûйȾŵڶУȴͬһը졣
ÿһ֣ųصϡ


ѳȥ
ʱ˿ľͬȼ֣ľ
ȥʱĸξ顪һѾ̣أ
廹˵һСľУҴΪתү˵ԸүЩ꣬ǿһġ
ŵһ˫ˮͫ΢΢ԲΪ𾪣ϸ٣Сʶ½ǡ
Ż
ôôɵ
˵Ļǲ
ʱǵĸҲԾĿܣһѱ
û뵽Ȼǵ˳̶ȣԾĿԣǣǸƵСľУųסһ
ԭûж
ֻ֪Լһֵֻ֪ڻֵݣȴ֪һġ
ŵӿҪըۿ΢΢᣺Щ¡û˵طû
ҡҡͷүӣٶ£ôء
¸ѵ촽ƺ¶˾һ㣬طʱղҲδǰ˽үԣһֻὲЩ꣬ʵڳ̫̫ˣû˵ǾԲԼġ̲סҪΪү˵Щ
ŵϸϸ˵Ҫ©
ǡ룬˵ү֪Ϊֱ̹˼ȴϸιȻЩʽΪġү꣬˼±Ҳһ
ŵһۣ򴽣Լ꣬үӡʱἰʲôʶүһֱΪľеԸǿĳЩ꣬ҹ£Ϊֶεһ̫ƽʢԸΪһЩȥ㡣
ŵૣң
̫СûȻ˵ţүӦбڣҪ֮⣬ҲΪϻģڵı¶ԣȷһλܽʦ³𣬰ٷϴˣҪһλ·ˣүûҲԸ£ԣӦбһֻ۱һֻۡ
ŵѾ˵һвⶼ˵ͨˡ֪ôϸڣжģֻȫᰮ⡣
౻߬ĺѣʣЩ˺Լ
ȷĻشȻĻشȴи顣
˵ҪôˣʵǰѾˡ꣬ˡֻΪһֱӲдŵڣⸯòȻһº󣬱ɷΪȥ㡣
δֹͣͷ
䡱һŵǸҳױϡ
ããȻһۣʼմ־һֱûֻνҵԸ֮١
صͷǡ
¶ЩοЦ£ԶصˣȻүҲɵ¡
ŵڰ׷Ĵ۾գգһɬ


ˣѾûʲô׵ġ
ֲӵʵۣΪӲȨֻΪѣ
ֲǰìܣΪûʷ鴹ֻǴұøãԼ
ֲԼʷϼأֹܾݣͼ֮Ҳ˶˭ֻ̫żһȥ
ŵ۾
̫ˣʹ֣̫ơ̫Цˡ
忴ŵþòɫ΢΢ףаԼǷ˵̫࣬ʵڱǸЩ±˵˵Щвֻү
ŵ˿ЦһЦ֪Һ㽫Щҡ֪ԺҪôˡ
΢΢˵ǽԼһõģܺúܺõġ
֦ͷҹ
ŵЩѾϰߵһȸһŻȥ˯ܾÿġ
ʵڻ̫óŲס˻˯ţɽȴǲͬ
۶
ŵԼ˱Ũ裬뵵ģüۣ²Ȼ䲻ĳһ
ô԰ҹôã
ŵɫûʲô仯Ὣ£ֻɻ󣺡ôͻȻˡ
ϵͳҪըΪһãֻһССϵͳѣû鳤Ȩôÿֻһ룬õˣ
֮£ŵν侲˼šһ
㻹ô赭д裡ŵ֪֪ΪʲôôżõҲҪ˵ƭˣң֪֪ڵΣ
ŵ˵Ҷ֪
ϵô̹ȻϵͳҵŭһӶסĲ֪˵ʲô
Ƭ̺󣺡˵㶼֪㡭֪ʲôڻ˵ûôһ򱨸
ŵ侲һ£ҲҪϴ򱨸棬Ҳ˵ˣ鳤ȨޱҲı潻ȥͽȥ֪ҲֻϵȰңҲû취ֱӰȥȻˣ˵ЩҪģ֪żΪҺá
󷽷ϣҵϵͳҵѣԭΨһϵСʯ𼤶Ҳұø㡪ϲҪһ𡣡
ϵͳû˵
ŵҲûżӦ
ϵͳٿʱȸղƽˡ
ƽ˵Ƿˡ
ŵϣҲá
ϵͳʣƽ͵ĵ˵͸˵ôһ䣿֪ʲôġӦʲô³κһ˶ס겻ʲô֣
ŵͷЦһ¡
Цʲô
Сʯ֪ôŵĿЩ룬Ȼ˵Ķûдԭ
ԭʱĽ֣ġԭҿԲ񣬰ڴ֡һһйҵ
ϵͳף˵ʲô
ŵԹԵ˵㲻֪Ѿ㽫ú󣬷ȨСʵۣȻԼѳԾ
һΣͬĻϵͳЩͣ˵ʲô
ŵûش̧෢Ƶؿڡ
еһ컻һ꣬ʱٶһ졭һ֮絽˵ֽ꣬ȹ̣ʱὫȨãⱾľԻص죬Ͱȥ˳ָԤ
ʹֻ֣ҪʲôҪĽ֣ͻԼɡ
ˡ
Ȼɱġ
ŵַŶͷ͵Ц
ϵͳЩģι㡢ôˣ
ŵ֣Ŀǰδеļᶨҿˡ
˵ֻһ죬Һáһˡ
ϵͳˣÿֻţô룬ǲ͡
̫۸ˣ̫۸ˣŵҧ´΢ͬһ׺ݷŭôô۸Ҹ㣬Ӳɣˣ
ϵͳûŵΣգΣÿһʱԱ侲άӦеרҵˮ׼ûô
̼º͵С˵㣬ҿ㣬Ҳ顣Ҳġεһ룬ܰʲô㲻һ˰ǵһõˣһΪˣҲһף㡣Ǵʱ˿̣ҲȰͷǰǾں㡣
˵ŵҲȥˡ
Ȼϸ⣬Цһ£ЩҶ֪СʯҴû
˵Ҫ͸һ𣬲ַġһеֻһʱ⣬ΪʲôѡôҶݵİ飿ҪһǰͷϣҪһôء
һ㣬Ѿдŵ뷨ˡ
ϵͳֻǿ˵
ϵͳŵһ£Ǿ˼һжг˵ʵʵһʼҪҪ˵ʵġҵϵͳҵһԼݶ⣬ҳģ䵽ֵĻ鷳ھ͸̯ơ
棬ˣΪ˱ס磬ϵǸҴ͵һ˶Ϊˡ𣿵ʵϣһݻ
ֻҪ粻˵֪ôϵͳҲⲻҵˡʱһһг䶨ֲٲ磬ˣͿﰲȹһӡ
ϵͳһӡ
Ƭ̺ϵͳɵԺĴŵ֪Ƶ뷨ж𣿡
֪
øסˣˡҲԼȻ߸ҪһΣİֻҪ㲻˵Ųԭ»úܼ򵥡֪ΪǵĹĿꡣ֪ԸԲ߻ǰ֪ԼʵϡթͲһˡǱ߿Լ⵽һȫ顢뷨ľ롣
ǡ
ԭҪɱѾѺˣڲҪǰɱҪ͵͵ıסѶȡͲܹɵġ
ŵ˵һԣô֪ɲˡ
ϵͳڱ㣬ôβأ쿪뷨ǲܵģвͨģ
ŵȴƽһ˸⣺֮ǰ˵רŴǸΣʮԽȥЩôģ
һ˵ϵͳϲʵˣҸ㣬ôûһк³ûһкý֣ΪƵ飡ôֻң֣ı񡢸ıĿ꣬ƴԼİˡأҪôʧܣҪôԼҿҲ̤·𣿡
ŵû˵
ߵߣƿӣ΢ҹ棬ǰë׵鷢ʹϵͳ˵鲢ûкܳء
㿴˲󼺡ûɹ飬ܿΪǰϣڱϣûԼȥƴһѡһʼû㣬Ҳû֣ҲΪǣҺǲһ
ϵͳܼѵ˵֪Լ˵ʲô𣿡
ŵȻ֪ȻһյĿ꣬ҲҲòߵ·ǣøײʱҪߵ·ɱ˴˵Ŀģѵ𣿡
˵ԡ
ŵЦˣ۾ԲԲļΪɣЦ·еϣҼûз裬ҲǰãȻѾģûлͷ·ˡֻþһа취Լıһý֣ܲһԶûУͶ϶·ܡвͨɡ
˵ϵͳѾ֪ôȰˣʲôԼ̣˵Ҳеû֧㷴
ϵͳĬŵܽ᣺
ѡԡѡģҵ·ԼѾ϶ˡ֮ĲֻǡһܰҺܶ࣬ҳɹļʴһЩ㲻Ը⣬Ҳǿ㣬ڿʼҾͰùرգȨޱҵͣҲûʲô취
ϵͳŭˣⲻв𣿣
ûв㣬ֲˣʲôввģŵ˵޹飬Ǹ㽲һҽĴ㣬ϲϼ룬ĻӰҡ
ϵͳԹǳûԣղſʼʱ˵ѣҾͲˣʲôǣҺôҲǴԻİ
ҪһЩʱô
ϵͳһ£漴ݺݵ˵ҪҼ룡һô죡
л˵
ǰʮ


44 ͬ
ŵӡ
ȻϵͳǳѺ, ȷȷʵʵܵСһ˿˿Ի
ΪԸԭ밮ƫӵļǶС׼ݵĴлֱ˵¾Ͱ, ̫ó̸£, ˵һ侲ϵͳԭһʼ, û뵽Լܰϵͳ¡
ڲ£ǲ߷
ϼ, Ǿٺò, ô˵ʤҲԼǹƥҪһЩСʯ̫ˣ, ҿ϶дܽᣬһ԰Ϊ߼ϵͳ
ϵͳЦⶼҪ, ֻҪټΣܽύȥܺͳɹĸгأ, ұɵͼϵͳС
Ҫô, ǻкܳʱ, һ㡭߸¡߸µʱֻһ, , ôһֺưɡŵȷʵֹۡ
ԸʹȻûʲôԹ˵, Ȼ, Ŭȥ, һȶ̬û, ¾ͻø췽ҹ̷
ϵͳ˵аɣѵô룬ͦáٺõҲҪĿѶȣʲôʱ̫ˣȥˣ͸˵һҺܻӭͷǰ
ŵնܡ
ã֪ľˣϵͳһ˵ĳ̾ҪҪ㲻ҪٰҹرˣȻѾһսϵѣҪ
ŵƫͷ룺ʱ򡪡Ҫۡƻʱҿ϶رյġЩҪһ¡
ʲôʱʱ򣿡
Ծ˵ˣŵֱ˲С˺ࣺܶҺͳ絥һʱ򡭡ôһݾԱţǶΪ鰡
ϵͳҲˣôˣ˵׵㣬һʲôҲģ㻹ʲô
ŵЦۣʲôˣҪȥˣȰˣ԰
˵꣬ҲϵͳӦĻᣬԽذ¹رա
һ۴ɫŵ΢΢šü
Ѿˣʱ򣬳Ӧûˡ
ôû
ŵһ˫۾Щɻתתûһסˣſƣ
ÿգʱһԼġ
ʱŲס˯ˣǰڴ߷һԼ֮ҪԹԻطϢһʱ䲻˯峿ŵ֪ˡ
ض
û˯Ϊ֮ǰһеֻһ档
ֵƬ̣滹Ǻ޶ŵ̲סƿ߳ȥͥԺֵصֱǰʵ
˽տڸУ
ڸֵصƷ׽ϵͣδ˽飬ڣӦ֪Ķ
ش𣺡ǡ˰ʱǰˣ˿Ӧү鷿ү¡
ŵšüүڸ
ǡ
Ǿˣʣүظ֮󣬿
عĻûС
ŵͷûٶʣת鷿ȥ
ûߵ鷿ſڣԶԶ㿴鷿̨ⲽһ˫üëšţ·ʲôѣޱȵӡ
ŵһ⣺һֱҲûʲô£ѵ¶⸱飬ѵϷʲôõ£šӦòᰡոոϵͳͨ꣬ʲô£֪ϵͳҲ֪ġ
ŵϽŲҴңʲعͷæ
ôˣ
ŵָָ鷿æ𣿡
á
ʲô˵ôģɣŵˣҽȥ
æ£ţүүȷʵæǲÿռġԼû뵽ôûϢûзԸ
ŵһûԸʲôûзԸҪô죬ǲǣ
Щεӣǡүڵȷ鲻
ʳǽ֮Ƕգŵ䲻ʵ
촽žΪڣʮһһ
ǲ԰ϴĻƽûеʮһգŵţʵ˵ʵүЩļ֧ⶾͳЩһ
ŵʲô˼
ʱʳǽȷǰǰͽÿ̶ʱٷһΡ
ŵһͲ˵źңػصߣĥҪҪҰɣ
ûʻشĻᣬֱӷԸȥҷ䣬ڶųҩдʹķӣһҩٽҵȡȥ
û˵Ҵ񣬱ȥ¡
ŵС̨ܼףһƿ鷿š
ӶĻƽڸѪȾգڱשʯϵӡһıŰ㣬Լӳľ󣬱ʵģ
鷿޵࣬ŵգգ۾ˣڶš
ûл赹ƽֻɫ԰ףǲҰף˫Ѫɫɫֻı飬ž޴ʹࡣ
˫ĬһŰƤ
ض˶ŵŵ
ɤҲǵһ΢硣
ŵһӺᣬȥ磬㡭ôң㡢ʹ
Ŀʮƽ㣬ȳȣɫĲ񻰣˾õļӲ£Ѿĳס
ѹסӿѪȣ㡭ˣ⸱ģӣȻ֪ˡ
һЦģءȥǲǣ
ŵҡҡͷûУûȥңԼġ
ŶᣬôˣôûϢ
˵ĺÿһҧεĺܺáŵɬ̲ס˫ӣˣ˵أҽ㣬㣬һţ
̵ڶ춾ԹȥûһǰԶ֪һϵļ尾ĥ
Ӣͦĳü΢ŵŵǳʲôôôżҡЩǣȥΪʹѾǳƣָԲֹ΢΢
ŵһס֣˳סվ𣬡ȱ˵ҷȥǱš
Ȼôţ˵Ȼ룬ʹûŲŵģǸ
ŵ˫ۺͷһֳۣһֻխ֫·ʱ赹һ
ĬĬ򴽡
ʳǽ֮ȷʹǣԣۺεȿǲܳܣ治ɫĳǧʹ
֮£ԸɵֻԼһˣҲֻԳĬȻԡ
ˣȴֲͬ
ο
΢˻ջǽʻأءõش߹
ҹףĵÿ߹һԣҡҷĹâ㽫ӳĸ
ƺ۾Ѿ̫࣬Լֱ˫еĵ⡣
ϸһŵŵޡ
ҲǿʣСèһỮ࣬ȴĵĸʹ
ޱߵӿľݵþ꣬ЩѪҺбڵĽɰһ̺Ȼ΢
룺֮˿֪ûȥƽʱѾ˯£ôȴȵڣ
ŵŵ㲻Ҫޣ߳ʲôˣ²ǳȥʲôˣʲôί
ŵ齱ãڹ䣬£˵ʲôʲô£ҵ㣬Ϊ㣬㡭ûԵ飬ҾͲܵô
ܣܣ˵
ŵ֪Լңղŵ̬ȲãʵǸԲ𰡳磬Ҳģ㲻ҪѹֻǺԼĬĬŲҡ
ɫ԰ף΢΢Ц֪
Цݣյѹһ̵۽㣬ŵҲ̲סôʲôҡùְҽûûε˯ˣһôΪʲôö¶ҡ
ˮȻ̧ʵۣɿ֣ǲǣҡ
ۡüﺬϧ
ƭˡ
̾ġ
û꣬ˣ˿ߣ۶ֻ͵ľ޴ϲĸо֮ࡣ
ŵŵ㱧ңҺܻϲʹƺȷл⡣
ŵֱۣٴβһЩأ
ѽУѣһڴ
Щ
䴽һЦ̧գϸ½ʪȥˣŵŵޡޣҲŻۡ
ŵűһ
üĿҪٺȴһ͵͵Ŀȡ
ŵһæŸ££һ̰ûȥҩˣһͺá˵ţȥһʻж೤ʱãվȴһ߬ס
ŵŵߡ
ᣬɫֽǵĺʪ޷ֻȻƽ
Ϲ棬˸ϧ
ûĬĬ£಻ʲô뿪ֻ¡Ųס
ŵǱһᣬ̾ͱ˵һҲԸ뿪ˡٿȻ£æˣָֽġ
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һ£˵ԺҲ۸ˣܹĿ࣬ҶᲹ㣬ܺãҲġ
ۣʲôʱң
ŵĽ£Ȼģϧ˶δڣſڴЩǻʽˡ
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ŵҩùιȴ΢΢һЦɷ˵ùҩ롪
ŵûֹɣŸɴҩ
룬ЦŵŵҲĴˣ㲻Ҫš
ŵĵؿ
֡·֪޵ĺǳԣԶпʹƵ£ñ֪
ǰҲĹҲ֪һĬĬ˶١
ŵøɺãΪʩһ룬ɫƺ֮ǰָЩѪɫˣ԰ģСһһͷ
磬һ취ⶾһҡ
Ȼ޽⣬ˣһҵ취
ŵŵûϵ˶ȥҲΪԾҶᡣЩ˵ʲô
ŵҡͷô룬Ҳһֱҿǲǣ
ţȻš˵
ЦЦǣ£ģĦƬ̡
ŵŵЩȥϢɣвɰţ֪ô
ŵϣǣ㷽Ų˵Ҫô
˵꣬ŵıͲ֪Ҫ˵ʲô
ȻᣬҲҪ˯ЪϢܲһֱţѾˣԡ
û˵꣬һ˲ŵܲ˹µŵЬѸٻܵɷ˵
磬ҽررߣҾһ飬ҲߣһвУ
ȸش˸ƶãֱ¶ۣҽͲˡ
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Ǻƺԡȥɡ
ŵɣ꣺ҲҪҪң
ҭס̾Լĳס
겻һ˿ҵ־ÿÿͻɾ˵ǰѭؽڣ¸üᶨƿٶʹʱҲ֪Ρ
Ӧƿַ·Ѿʧȥһ㣬һһƣֱסɵ
ŵͦ⣬С˰ɡ
һ취ûУеһβˣˣȴȫȻ΢һڻС
Ҳ֪ҩ뷨յĻԭľڽɰ֮ʹƽϢʹ
ŵСԴ硣
͵Ӧһ
ϲ㡣
ˡ
̹ģ֪˿̸˵ʲôµκôͬ
ǲһֱ̫Сġ̡ƣŵŵѾˣһˣ
ôô˼ɵĺһŴϣ˵ϲ
˱۾ĳ˵ЩʲôȻŵһֱס
һ̣ǰ˲䣬ϵŴʵϸ֪ôɴٿȻס⡣
ֱ̹ףĴǣס
еȻˡ
й谵ţ廳н˵ĹůϢ⣬޿ײ룬
·δֱ̻ʣòʣ޼ǡ
˵ŵŵǲǡ
ŵ˵ֻ˵˾䣬̫á
סЦĳ嶯ôãϲ㣬һ𣬷ҾҪ˯
˵һ飺磬Һϲѽ
ʵ˿Ҳ㲻ȫȻΪ˺ģĵġȷԼ뽫֮ǰûеȫ˵پϲ㶼֡
ʵܲˣŵŵ˵Ҿˡ
л˵
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45 
ģ
⡭в
׵¹ս, ϣýŵԽ
òߵ, ӢʵĹڰײĹԵǰ͡
ʹ, , ŵҲ̲ס޿Ȧɵ֮вŪЩЦ
֪ôģ۾װǣҾǺϲ, ˵ôҪġҪʲô
ŵһҲû, ڣʵ۳ǣǰ, ֻǵ޺һ档
һû¡ӵе, ֻºͿݣ˵ֻǰŻ
еʱ, Ϊֻᡣ
⳹׻ްȥ
޳Ĵֻ, Ȼսס, ԼһŵһӴӲɱ, 峺Բ۾, δüһ֣
Ĵ
ı, еѩɰϢ, ǵصİԵ̬Юס, סĴꡪǳ, õ
㡣·һƤĺӲͣ磬ȴһξû˳ȫ˵Ȼġʶӱܡ
ȴ׼㣬ûһǰǰŹǽڷֲ.Ũڷ䣬ɷ˵סԣǿӲι̶סշתһڵء
ڷ֮أݾܾ˼ҹĽۺ촽Ĵɴᣬأ˱ǡ
ŵȷʵŴˡ
Ҳ׸֮ܵ⣺ԭֻҪԼһͻҲˡ
Ѿ׵̫ˣѾֳһ㷴˼ȴûô˵ûϧͷŹ
ŵģ£
ֻ˵һ֣·ӵֱֱײ˵ĲһֱӼᶨǿ˿ıݣסС࣬ȥշתݣ̵Ϣ޴ɱܣֻ׺Ǳȡк
ըŴŵĹδ˴Ĵȫݣİĸо£Ϣȴûİļײ綼Ʈ죬ֻʣǰֻáȡݵǡ
ǵļ·Ҫʳ븹ĺ΢΢𣬲ܡ
һ̫õǡ
ǰڳǽɽڷǰһҹԸƽΪ˷㰲飬ʱؽֻǿǻӿޱ߳嶯
嶯һֱѹֵ˿̡
ܸܵйŻңһҲʵûôǿ־ͣѹ̫ãȴ̫ãʹ̫ã̫ãɬʱһһϸԼһ롣
ͣ
ûĸʱһ̸ʵ˫ֻӵȷе֪ԼߣΣǻ룬ģ䱦ʧãĳ׷Źˡ
ݺǣ˵˵Ļȫ
ŵŵҲϲ㡣
ŵŵɷףҾжమ㡣
ҵǲ֪˶೤ʱ䣬ȵѹʱǵŵϿˮ
һ飬ȻѣȻŷӦԼʲô
һӷſŵ
ֱ۽Ľŵһµͷ̵ֱս¡
öˣöˡ
𷭳öˡ
ȫ벻һˣ΢£ǵĵһνǾȻˡҡ
ŵŵԲ𡭡Ȼ૵
ŵ
Ѱû֮û۸㣬ޡ
⻰ԼŶò԰סû۸ŶЩʲôоĿܣȻ޶ԣ
ŵǣ
֪ôˣ޴룬
ŵһͷˮûⲻǿޣҾǡĨһ۽ǵˮߵ˵ȥ
⡢ôͰ
ѣˣֹһż׿˿ɻɡ
ǲŵֻӲͷƤ˵͡ҡҸղţҵ˼ֲǲף㡪Ҳ׵̫Ǹ˰ɡҾЪһ£һֱͣ
ʹУգ۾ͷ̲סü΢䡣
ûЦŵˣ˸ͷ򣺡Цʲô
ͷȥˣһ¼޻ᡣȴֱֱײĵףĶһˮ
ƹȥŵֻɪһ¼ȴûתܣ˵֪ˣԺ󲻻ˡ
ŵһۣͷ
ܿ죬̧ͷĿŸ磬һɡ
ʣǲһֱһô
ŵЦһ
ֻһˡȴرȫȻͬʱգĸס
ǧǧͨƽŮһŵҲϲʽУһ𣬵ȻҪһȷĳŵ
ֻýǰһᣬղȻҲ㣬ǻҪһ˵ڵĳŵ˵֮ǵĹϵų׺ǰһ
ˡ
׹ЩԭŵŵУǰֶ㡰ڡһûиһҪǸŵʵί
ְס֣µ˵ŵŵһɡ
ŵ俪ĵĵͷţ
һ̣·⶯ĻϲȾǰ綼Щܱ˫ӵϸЦ⡣
κʱ̶Ҫʻһ̵ŵŵ벻𻼵ûʧޱȷİʵļԴ
һƸգͷһƫٶ
һΣȴǰδеϡ
˫ͣһ£ĴһƬĴǡΣ˱˫շתǡ
һŵڸ˯˯УȻŵģȴһҹδߡ
ʹ֣ҲԼ֡ŵ˯źߡһ̰زūִһ޶ı

ĵһѩȻϣǽߣһʻ
Ӣɵ
һɫۣ֧ã۾´󳼻㱨⸱ģʮֲһֻһԵɡ
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˵һ룬Щͷذڰ֣˺ˣһ仰˵ôѾǸͬôֱ˵ǣҲ˵ô졣
֣ǰüë΢ζտ˽һ仰˵ףְλмְհ
Ӣͷ󺹣΢΢
ˣҲˣȰԼߵĵɨɾŸ᲻㡣¶׽⣬޵ĲԭҲûָܰɡ
Ӧб΢΢ͷӢһۣеֲɫҡһҡ
ӢᣬͷĺҲҲΨΨŵŵϢŭ³취ɱҲϣ΢⡣
ȻⲢȤɺ˵Ǻ£ֻȥˡֻĽȥɡ
ӢҶ˵¡
žࡣ
̫ʦ̳У΢ڡ
һԲȻЦЦ
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Цп̫ʦֱž֮࣬ʱനطפٻؾְ֪ӡ󣿡
žæനÿְ£΢ǵá
ŶָӣʱǡӴĮӣޱüλϴ˽޻ػӡ󣿡
СžЩɻ󣬴ƽ򵥵°ˡȻʱԶ죬ǽ³ôСʵͻȻ磿
ԷɣһЦ֮ôҲûޣന״òãţΪ̫ʦôʣ
ž͵͵ӦбһĮӣֻӲͷƤ˵Ҫ¡΢ȱȻһӦһԶţȻ˴ന̫ƽȣѣѭؾְ˵С£㡭
Ҳǣǽ⵱С£ͷϾСԹܵ¿ɲ࣬ʲô˽ǵĴ£ȻҪʵġ
žŵ̹£΢޴Ⱑ
ӳһӣ㵽Ǻ⣬ҲҪдġ
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££¡ʱനз˻¼֪ΪضǵطƫԶ⡢ѾôЩʱգǷ˻֣
ͷЦǰ
žӦбɫ̫ãȴ£ôã
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΢΢תתЦιһʥ͸ôһ޷˺ôôãǱҲó˰ɡ
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ɫȻôкβ
СȻɫѹ
ҼžδεĳĬ
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ʮһЦҲ޲ѧء
²
ҪЦ磺ʲôӦбô֪
ͷ侲˻ᣬЦ⣬ӻ֣ǶȥɣӦб¡
˶뿪΢΢üαһ
˵޲ѧֶΣ޵㣬ֻƾҺ񣬿ɷɱ˸ԣޱٶģҲƵ׵ġ
Ӧбֻ죬ɱ±дѵʱ䣬²Ӧͼ졣
һӡһʼֻǵ͵͵ЦԽԽЦʮƫִ񣺡ðɣʵҲȫΪżӦˣ޸˵ʵ
Ѫ󲻺ô޾ûʲôáȻ޵̫ණʵϣһ̯֣ЩôֻԽԽˡ
أȴĿȾĽ̵£ѧ˸ࡢõĶ
˵Уºᣬ޺͡һǰΪҪҹǣΪβܽõף
ҪȷҪӦбݷ˻֣ܿǧա
һ£漴Ц·ЦӦˣ治һʽѧ֪ΪΣֻöˣƫ˵ǺЦ
ӦбûȡЦ£ݷ˻޷ɣ˿ʰоֻ֣ɸԳ档ƾЩ׺ݾǰҲǲĽɫһ˰ˣ˽ǣǾ޿ܵġ
ҡͷûô档
ϣӦбסͼıô࣬㲻ˣһന֮ûôߣҪȥ޻ء

ʱ򣬸ǽߣǽϹҵľ޷ͼ
ɫʮְ˳ʹһŨīزʵĻݾ˿ɱ绪
Ŀһעá
濴һȻӦοүѾؿִͼƺܿ
ףš
Сǡ쿪ۡô죬潥ŵŵʵÿÿܾϲ
ŵЦŵŵҼã壬ǰҵĹ£ֻǺ޵ǣ۵Ҳһͬġ
˵ЩЦһֱûз¡
ףǰеĸҲǹҺܾã°֮˿⸱ģпΪʧ䣬ҲûǶġʱգ֪֪ԼĸĸƴҪأҲġ
ˣЦݻǵЩ͵һպѰûᣬһὲġ
ͷĿƵͼϡ
നķ˻ǰȥˡ˵䲻˵ģϵСʵȣзֱ𣿡
ȻУǶ֮𡣡
ʲô
֪Լʲôһ̰ͼٻҲδɫĿģֻɱҡ
˻Ϊǣȴ֪ʲô޵
޵ĹΡ
ͬͬûʲôɱԹġңҲûΪʲô
ֻСֶθӲȴҲۣǸһǳЩ
ûǸ㣬Сʵۼֱ˰˰ٸۣ˻
޳ʳָڵͼϣനһ˵㣬˵뱱Į뺷Թɷ˻ڹ֮ȷʵһʰ˵ȻײѵصľӣˣʵʱӦⲼҵ壬˲ȥҲ޼ƿʩ
氡һʲôƻҪԿ
ģǷôֻ֣Ҫʵǲĵġ
ھǣʮּɵҲҶ֡
һҡͷʧЦѵʵʵôһСʵֻ֪»ŻѪ
һۣһӣƽʲô
Ҳǡ
ͷȻЩԡŸﻰͷ˵ǡҲȥ
һ̧ͷƽǽϵͼĿ⻺ƣ˼⡣
һᣬ²үʵȥ
һ˻֮ʽǰന
˼Ȼ֪ҪȥǱߣոʱġƺмر𣬼ȻҲȫ
ֻǣü΢ƺ£̲סʵʲôҪȥԶĵطȥ죿നʲô֮ô
û˵⿴һۡ
ԼԼЦС
㷴ӦЦ¹ʱСԭ԰ءģԭֲһ̸ҾǹȻ˵ЩҲʲô¶˵
ͷ
룬ŵŵʧ֮ʼѹͷ涼鲻ԭ򣬿ɼ˶辡ҵԴʦţ뿪ĮֻôŵŵȥѰҽ
һͼന뱱Į̲黷ڽ٣һЩ
ԭһҪŵȥѰҽ
ǰιʦҽһʧСʧ֢֮ȷˡ
辡ָС
л˵
ѾchuyeͰͣ
췢㣬ǰʮɱ



46 Ϊ
ŵ֪Ҫȥന֮, ݵľһᡣ
˫֣ڷȥڣϵͳзȥġȥȥĥˣ
, Ҫﰡ, ƽһʱ, ͰӽСûԵ켸ҹ߶û, ˡ
ŵûԹ᳹ףСʯ, ҵΨһġ˵滰ѣ߶㵹Ҳ, ȥǲȥ
Ҫ˵ȥ
Ϊʲô
Ƚһ, ȥʲô
ŵ˵ɡһҺͳոջͨⲻãǷֲʱȥനҪһ, ҪǱ߷˻̶, Ҫ¡ô, һġ
ϵͳĿɿڴֻڶ治ɫġ
ڶ, ֪Ǻô, Щ˽⣬ѳڵനȥ, ʵԵӰ, һ, ʲô, к֡Ҹ˸ںߣϾⱾе֮ţҸŸӦбλ͵ʦĿȾȥġԣനһԳĶıôΣգôܷһȥ
ϵͳովͱ˻Ĭһλ㣬ԭ𸵳ʱ򣬿ɶһϻ۹ˣһڣʲôǹ㲻ȥҲ͹ʵòãСʵۼӦбǿԿƵö𣿡
ŵдʣǹ⻷
ϵͳ˵Ǹأ뻹ȰΪģԲŻôİΣʵϣôҲѧ˺ܶණӦ֪നķ˻ڸǶָ顣Сʵʲô壬Ҳɵɵп϶Сʵøԣô꣬ͳˡ
ô˵ǲ
ϵͳŵ˵˵˵ľҲвȥһҲ֪ھǣСľеǧ
ŵ֪ϵͳڸʱţǳˣҲ̫˻ɡôˣ޵鷿ҹһҲղأ־òܣѾˣνŲ㣬ҲûҪӦᱻʱʱ̴̿š
ŵöһ鷿޵֪ǲǻûбҳ
ˣǾҪʱĽˡȻһֱûϸϸѰĻᡣ
ôҪѡһʵڷŲһֱ⡣ŵ᲻ѣȻһϤ̰ѽšҡϵͳˡ
ŵſڱȥߵһţֱ˽Է磡
СֱֱײüۺЦſֽ˸
ŵرЦӯӯС̧ſھһ䣺㡣
ʧЦ
Ц㿪ҲŵĿָȾЦ¶һ׵ݣѵ˼
ֻЦʱ𣿡ŵżɽʡ
ա
Ķֱ˵һ롱ֻҪˣŵѵ˺죬һ˲
ͷһ磬ҿ۾ǰЩ˼֣ǲǿĸˣ
ţ΢ЦӦˣƸԴɢڷ££ʱ°һ£ԺҪЩܣҪˤˡ
ԭˣŵ㶹֮жȻըϲȷʵãԭҲ˵ͺҪһ
ϸڣҲܿˡ
ѣݵҲŲ£֪סҵġ
͵Цһ
йüĿ񣬽鶯ȻˡһŰããʵɰĲӡ
ŵգ˵ŵŵҪһԶš
ţ
ŵӸֱ㶵ҡԶţ
ȥһന
ŵ־ȣ֮ǰһֱΪԼ飬û뵽Ȼѡ
ǡⲻѽനǱܷ˻ţģҷӣһ·϶롣ӣ㲻ԼһҲֱ
ŵһֱû˵Ȼˣŵŵ㲻õģȻ·;ңԶЩҶãԿġ
ȥһˡܹһθγϣûгܵڶε
ңһԭʦڱĮനܽλҽκʧ֢֮²ٵ顣
ŵһ⡣
ӸĽǶȿµȻӣһֱΪһĶλ¶鲻ǱȻǼġԲģҪԴ
ԣȴһ⾰λȻҽ߳ᣬѣȿǷԼѧǳνжԲѡ
ʦ߳Σʲλһ᲻ֱӲûжҲûʧ䣿
ԭҲܲӦ
ŵת˲䣬ѾͷãҲֻ࣬ȻҪԶе㾪ȣұҲֿġ
ü΢΢䣬ͷǡ
Ƿ·İŵոЩȶ۾΢΢Цųǡ
ðɣ취ܱѶֻ࣬Ҫһκ¡

ǰգȥУŵڸԭš
⣬Ѿʱûطˡ
ԭֿŵЩ겻ᣬ˺һûסŵŵǲʲô°ʲôѣҿ쿪ʼĥĥʲôأ
ŵֹ鶯Ĵ۾תȦԭֵĴߴУ˵֣и¡һ¡
ʲôѽֱ˵ǡ
ŵһ˵ҺȻ𣬽ѩϪԼӦȥݷףһ¡֪֮ǰһ赹ھ·ߣѩϪ·ľңҺпܾϢˡо֮ҽһľУûѣֻʶЩԣıչһ£Щⲻȥ
ԭֺһ¶ʲô͸ѰȥǾȥ
գգ۾ŶԣүѩϪᣬүΪ˳أҳԷɴףǿ϶Щġ㣬û׼Ҫҵù
ŵظ֤粻ģҸ壬ģҿ϶ĺá
ŵ˶ѩϪϰݷãԭȻţ򸵳ԵʣҲ̫ѩϪûиŵһȥֻſڵȡ
ѩϪͨŵȵϢȿ˲ŷӦġ
ŵŵȻݷңʵҾȡЩߣŽ¡ŵſڣѩϪæǰӭӣǰ
΢΢ЦţЦУԷθĿġ
ŵЦգзɿĻһ˿Ǹ⡣
ԱԺӯӯЦ⣺ҲǺȻݷãҼǵýȻҪ㡣
ѩϪ⣺ԭ򡭡û뵽㻹ǵվˣ˵ɡ
˲裬ŵֱߣʵŵŵչĿɺã㡭ңү֪ɣôû˸ţ
ŵʱǰ⣬ֻʵ˵үͬһģֻǲԸ㣬û
ѩϪ̲סЦѽҼ̹ʵˡ
֪˵Ѿϣŵ΢΢һЦֱ壺ѩϪȻ˵̹ʣҾͿżɽˣʵһҪҪ˵
ѵÿɫ࣬£ѩϪҲʲô£
ŵһۣѩϪ˵ʵǷѾʼΪӦб£
ѩϪ΢΢һ㶣û̻ش𣺡Ϊʲô˵
Ҿ;Щ֣ʵ㵱Ŀֻ֪һݣǿΨһѪ̵ǰҹӦбںϵļãϢ¶ң֪һֱƭҡһǰһƵ޷죬һɺϡ
渵˵ĲɤصڶߡѩϪ¶߾֮ɫͷΣ³һ֣ǡ
µĲȷʵӦб֮С
͵ŵŵЩû˺˼ĳΪʣҪһȥ·ӦбҪ£ҲãǺ޵ǲֻǡһ£Ҿ޷ܾҲԸ㱻ɱΣ֪ࡣ
Ȼ
ѩϪλĮӣСʵӦб븵Ӫ֮䣬ԭһѡվӦбǱߡ
ʵвϣŵжˣĽͣҲҪŵѩϪЩҶף㴦ѣ֪ġң˵Щ㣬ֻ롭վһߡ
ʲô
ŵظվһߡ
ѩϪգ۾촽΢΢⶯ǰŵŵ㡪ǲǻָЩ䣿ǲʲô
ûУŵϣҵļ仹һƬհףʲôҲûҲ֤ҹӦб˵Ļ˵ĵȷģҲʲôΨһŮҵĸǰɱҵˡ
ѩϪüëšЩ۵Ŀŵ죬ƺ˵ЩȰοĻȴʲôҲ˵ֻ͵˵˾䱧Ǹ
ŵ
ѩϪȷãɫеϧ벻Ҳü٣⣬ȴֻܼã޷رġ
Բ
ȻԺָָģͷȥΪ˳ܻţѡֻѹеǸ⡣
ţŵѩϪʱѾǡôĮȻ΢Ц
ѩϪʵ㲻˵ʲôͬĻЩҪŵʹ˶ĸ建˵۸жôϲң֮Ѫ򲻻һġҲ֪һվ£ǿԽˣȴһ⾰
ӦбͷвŸɣ֮ұлϵ֧֣ңиΡ£ҾҪһȥനˣҸӦ´ʲôڸļıɷһݣҾߣʲô¶ܷ㣬ضܳһ
ŵ˵ܾ֮ѩϪЩ㶵ģʱ̫ŵнסЩġ
һҲóŴȨıһ񣬶̸ҲûȫȻա飬˳׼Ȼкܶ಻ȷԣ˿̣ѩϪĻķӦȴԼдྶͥ
ŵһʵкιǿ˵ǲǾСԳ£
ȻѩϪæϣŵŵǾáֻһǣʵڲþ뵽Щ
ԭֻŵһͬʱ־βֻ˵㲻ЩУӲġʮĳ⣬ٿǣҲԵȡ
ѩϪŵŵҲǲ㣬֪ǸĹֻҸղŻԥһ¡ʵӦб븵֮飬㡪
ŵŵˡֱԣԼϲҪһЩġȥݷã̸үɫȻЩ֣˿ѰңȴǺסѩϪһ£Ȼү㣬֮£ֻǶ־ǷӦõָ¾أ
أŵ濴ѩϪһۡ
û뵽ѩϪеĸҪͨ͸࣬Ȼ˵һ
һ⣬ŵֻ˵ҾѶ޸ġ
ѩϪͷ͵̾һ
ðɣŵŵҴӦ㣬ӦбǱ㲻صģ߷һֱԸ֪˷⣬ضӭ

ŵȥĿ죬Ҳ죬ǰ󲻹ʱʱ䣬ֻѩϪͣ㣬ԭѹû¡
յţϵͳԹðһˣʧû뵽ѩϪСʵനŪЩҪʲôӦб֪ǹԵġ
ŵƽˣֻʱģȻനҪӦб˵ʱѩϪܰϢˡ˵㲻֪ҲûʲôûôԼעˡ
ţҲԡ
°ͣĥһ˲ӦбǽˣҲһ;õġѩϪѾңӦбκζҶˡ
Ҫ̫ˣҪˡɱҲҪס˾ƾԼǾ޷ɵģֻܽ
Ҫ쵼ҪͷԣҪǣǱվڸĶ棬ҳֵĳ⡣
ӦбСʵӪһͿõġ۴Ŀϣ˵ѡһҲǰ֪Ը塪ǿԼãŴѰԼĿģ̫Ҳ԰ܿѰһεĻᡣ
ߣǵɣҲܳ֡
ϵͳ˵Ҳǣһȥˣǵ·ôҲ֮ǰ˳Щ㣬ҲҪѩϪùãֻǴ˳糵ֲ˺Ҹˣ
ŵһ֪
Уڳȹ̣һന֮ʱкûǧԥһҪ֡ô˵നôԶĵطھǣװ˶Ūȥ
ŵҲô롣
л˵
ǰʮ



47 ˸
ҹ, 鷿
ѩȻ䣬žԺѩҹΪһ˿÷شӳŰѩ, ˱, š
߻, 纮һ÷, ᶶ˶ϱߵİѩ
̷С̫æǰź
, ޱӻ֣źС̫඼ϳȥŸոµĺ÷, ߽ңء
дɨķǳɾ, һͱϸĲôɨû˸̤㣬˭ɨĲԶ
ȡֽ̨һһ顣
ϸĽлҽɾСصĽ÷̨, ס
ĸ, һж, ֮, ɰϢ
˵, һͷ
Ŀһλ, δſ, ѾЩ֮⡣
ۿ, , 㣬ɺã㡭㻹ǲǵңżҲңΪʲôûмһҡĺ㰡
˫˰Σɫһ԰ȥŵλͷ·˾վǰһ
Ŀϣ󣺡㣬κ飬ϣضܿüµ¡ֱ֪ǹңȴ֣ǿΪĳѪȴ뱱Į˹ᣬӦҵɡ
ʵ̫ˣֻҪɱ۾֮ѪҲȫںұͲԼĳǻӻƽ񡣿ǡ㣬㲻Ҫʧ
׵λžھ£һֱζ
ãظ
㲻Ҫʧ֪ίܷŹһΪ㱨𡣡·һܾίĺӣ˰οһ㣬ʵʵۣûʲôνҸȤֻ뽫㡢˺ϻȪ㻹ǰϧң۰ңͶпҰɡ
˵ţȻ죬üһ壬һĨͷӿüͷ
ҧҧһƽ㣬ȥһЩ飬֮㡣
߳ң߹ŵС̫սս£Ӧء

̲Ӧһһڿϣһߣſڣһֻȥ
ӦбһͿ⸱ģҲû˵ʲô˸񣬿żɽ£΢ҹã֡ոҪˣ΢һʥּ׼ѩϪͬС
ѩϪǱĮӣ̤ǣʲôʸȥന
ˣ΢µ⡣
ЦһʲôüƲߣôѩϪˣֻһȨƵӣȥˣʲô
ӦбĬһ˲䡣
򴽣˵΢븵֮Ƴˮ˴˺ڶԷˣѩϪȴһע⣬û˻뵽ôѳɱµˡһΪǵĶĿͨոĶҲѰᡭ
֣ͣͣͣͣЦӦб㵽Ϊʲô˵ʵɡ˵Ĳʵڶôšôʥּ˵Ѿ˵ˣ
Ͳͷ˴Ѿ̲סˣԴϬ㣬ּǰ޺ĻֱѩϪΪĿôѩϪεºڸǱֵܲɣ㲻ڿЦɡ
˿棬Ӧбɫδ˿ֻһɣ΢
ڣ£Сȷʵһξʵϸ֣һλŮӶģǳ谮ΡλŮѩϪԨԴ֮ʣΪѩϪȣһĪĶ顣
ˣ̧̧Ƥ˼ǣ˵λԸް£֣ͨѩϪһߡ
ǡ
ֱĶӦбɫһ֮ǰǰģӦб㲻ڸ޽°ɡ
˵һλÿöһֻúЦһλŮӶġ֪··һװһӣôŻ.߾ͲŴȥˣ޻ΪҪΪ޵ĽȢһ㶼Ҫж˹
ЦŮӸ֣Ȩͷʢȵó谮ôú縵ģҪǽһʲôô޴ûЦЦ
Ӧбͷüһһšīڵ΢΢ת
λСʵλȥɳٶȷʵˣѾ޷ٲΰĻŪţһЩơ
Ӧбڣ£΢ЦλŮӡʵǰЩӸѰصĿŮʱگּλݣӦЩӡġȻѾ𣬵ﲢȫ֮Ȼӻؾһֱϣ񲻺ϣһλδŮԸģ㸵⣬ǿȡᣬȴδΪλȨأ顣
ң꿵һѣָܸ£ҲӺȫҵ֡һŮӣȴҲؽȻԸίˡ
ꡣ
ɢĬһ޶ЩӡǸѵҺʵˣʵЩޱɵŮ޵΢չЩȻԸڸߣ취ָȥǣؽЩ¡
ӦбȰ˵£ǸĹֻ¸ĸ֮δ֮ǰİȻա
һӣ棬ôҲǺεᱻһССŮŪڹ֮УڶȤ谮գΪ޺жģ
һλĹңڸƤŪļƣǳ˵Σֻ²֪ôġ
ӦбĬһ£̧
ԭΪԼ㹻˽λʵۣȴû뵽˵һ
Ϊ˴֣ҲΪԼһ˽ģࡣû뵽Լ˵ȻΪһδı桢ʶĹ㡣
֪׷˼֮£ıĶ˵ز
ֻ֪࣬ʲôҲøˣֹ趼ס
Ӧбһ񣬻£Ȼλģһֺη΢ʲôǼֹԸߣ¸ĳ谮ȷǱѰǶӣܷɹв¶ۡܳ£ǲʧʲôһɹǿɾͳ˸ĸ󻼣ᾡɢϣܺЦȪôǣǰһ顣
ʫ飬Ǹ̸жȣֶôʹ㣬ܴġȻɫʹ˼
ð죬˵ˡ
Ǳ㿴컯ձּѩϪͬС
ȻനǱҲв𣬵Ƕһһ¸صİգܹ飬ҲǸ¡
Ӧбл£ֻǻһ£ˡΪ죬¾നʲô
ȷʵ죬ɫüë壬Ƿ¶Ҫ㱨ӦӦûôɡ
һԲϣ˵ͲӦбѾϰˣҲûʲôӦ
һ˵ڰ֣ȥɣҪϢˡ

ٵ
ŵУƿ
һӨСϸѩиԽޣѩ֮ʢ˿÷鶯üĿ续
ߵѩ֮С࣬ͬϸСıһ£ʱ޷磬ѩ
ŵŵӷ£ҪˡƬ̣̲סѡ
Ӽ񣬷ºȷʵԵֵٺŵԹԷ֣ӣ⸱Ҳȷʵ䵽
ӷ£ڰ١ŵһ䣬תͿʼָ
¹Ÿ˫סֱûͷһϣ磬ڿ
Σʲôв㡣
ŵͷȻˣ㶼˵ʲôҲֻһ֣ϧġ
˵ɷ£һ˫۾ֻôش
˵ίʵڶ˸⻵ϲ챿˿ĿİͰͣοǸȻڳԼǰѾϱ׾ˡУôϲȤġ
һ˵ʱţһȴûԸͰ͡
һۣûʲô飬ȴһ˲ͷ̲סЦ
ŵ׷ȥЦʲôţ
ճȭڴߣԭûҵŵŵ㲻
ɤͳԣҵŵŵĸָŵһ죬Ӳв
һЦָ˸ͷ
Լ飬һң˵Ĳǡ
ʲô͸Ҳ̲סҲá
ŵһὫͷڸϡ
ʵãʲôסԼھΣһ£ܰѽĻ˵磬ҲѩϪкĽȥģֻȹңҳһݶ飬̫Įһⲻȥ
֣Ĵָʳָȳһ㣬жСôһ㣬һǹⲻȥȫûκαĸ顣
ѩϪ֣Цݵ֣ŵ龫ֵĽ̲ͣס𴽽ǡ
֪
֪㻹ôһֱҶ˵仰ʵŵ֪Լе۸ˣҲࡣ
ֻǣԼǰŸոոѩϪ񣬺ű֪£ٿɫһ䵭;ĲС
ü
һҲǶǶԼֻ޵ΪβԼһŵŵѩϪŵŵʶǷһݲС顣
Ͳݡټŵŵվһ¿ƲסԼеɱ⡣
ǡΪεشŵһۣΪŵŵҲӦһ£ûѹ¡
ŵĿϣ䴽¶һЦݣ磬𲻿Ҹ㱣֤ԺҲȥˣġšԺÿٹҾ˸ЩҲˡ
˵꣬û¶̫ϲɫֻǵͷû˵ʲô
ŵһϸָ
һۣ˵
ŵЦС
öˣֱӴߣΪҸĵֻһ˵ģ֪֪ʹͨȻãշתġ
ﺬЦ⣬ɤůҵĳ³Բԣ
ĿŸԭ׾Ķע£һһ
һθǡĮʹꡣŵ룬˺ȫԸǷһһֲ
üΣ͵˵˾䣺á
ŵǺ˰ۣһҲнȴҲȻûϣǰ
һ仰Ҳû˫Ĵ۾Ҳ·˵һòһͨ
ʵڲˡ
аǿѹĸ顣ѹƣڵ֪ΪѩϪ֮ʵ˶塪̫ŨҵİӿռİԼûɢӿ
ûа취ֻнܽѹֵЩʹ磽⡣
һҲŻѾ޷Ϊ޷ơΪҪһЩ
ײʥˡ
һ簵ȥֱһȵĴƽŵɵס
ʩ˿ã㣬ҲȫȻˡ
ŵϸоԼҪ⣬ϽֺõЦ磬ҡ
ﻹٿڵĻᣬͷɷ˵סĴ
⽿۵Ĵ¶ˮõ壬һᡣϿ۵Խ롣
顣
ӰԵضסĴһ˿ҲҲⲢ⣬һԼ޷ĵҰޡ
ŵǵ벻ףΪʲô޴ݣκСĴֻƫƫʱҪ
˵ˣֲǲסÿӦһ¶޷ֻܱţĽ࣬һҲϡ
ȥƸȴֻǽʵļ⣬·ͭǽһ㣬Ժֺġ
һ̣еץסС֣һҲˡ
ŵԼҲ𷭳ģȻ԰ò
ȫ󲻵ԼȻᱻһǵֱ֫ţֱҪС벻ϻ᲻б֮ˡ
Ȼܿ죬ŵٿȻ˫ۣ㶵Ƭ̣Ȼ
ĶȺǰͬԵĿܣ̸оſ
ŵȴûܾ¹һ㵽䣬Ӳԭء
ŵŵ֪˺¡
ŵ΢΢Ƴһ죬˸Ӵ͡Ȼǽѵɣڶηȵһθҵöࡣ
ˣ㡭㡭
ţʲô
㻻
鿴ʲôˡ
ŵæס֡
޲ԭʧȹˡ
˵ֻ֮Ҳˣԭûˣֻиˡ
Ȼ̷֮Ӧְ⸱ɰģЩЦȴ߾סԭֹ㡣
ŵ󣺡š㡣
ӣҡ
ʵûס۵һѣŽͣȥ
ʵŵҲԭְʲôĸɾֽ滻Ѹʰͣȴֻˡ
ŵڿ;չ̣Ҫ㻻һôֻ
͵Ӧţ
ڱչϸµΧϣİʱİҪ
޳ָΪϵʱʱʱ䵽°͡
оһûһµ΢΢⣬ŵ̲סЦ
𶯡Цһۣ߽ѹá
Уȵϡ
Զʻȥɡ
ʵƽЩͬʱмС˵ںţġ
ŵ΢УڹСèһºĻУ࣬ѵһ仰Ҳû˵
ůƤأϮҪ˯ȥ
ų˯Ѽ䣬̲ס૵磬һʲô£ѹˣһһǹġһңҪһֱҺòã
䣬ֻ͵һЦ
ϸᣬ·һŵ
ʲô
һԶ㡣
л˵
ǰʮ



48 
ന𾩳ǺĶ, 紵еĸվӲ
ന߾ʱʱ
ŵУϱϸΧë̺͸϶ͨس̸
һ˳, Ϊ·, ന˻֮½ԭֽ, ͬѩϪҲһ𶪸ǡ٣ϸش, ų̱ǿöࡣ
ˮ·, һֱന߾뱱Įԫǽ
һ·ϣı¶, ŵҲ̫ͬעĿǵһ, Ҳº˵ߴԼô书ֲ׸ǵ͵ЩȽϰȫ, Щ鷳
, ιιι, , 쿴ʲôÿ, òֿи̽һ¡Ȼϵͳĳੲݡ
ŵͲó, ЩԹؿ¼, ջ, ɫ
ǽκ, ϵͳԺԾѹҰôĿʵ̫ȷǴѰҽģ϶Ƕ㲻ȥˡûʧ䣬ҲûжۿѾطˣô𣿡
ŵû㣬һָƽǵ϶סλµʦʲôͷܲĵ𣿡
ˣֻ̫ۡһ̨е߸ûб
˵Ҫ鵽涫ߴ죬ϵͳ⵽ȽϺչ
ŵ졭Ǿ鵽ʲôҲ
ϵͳףɫʵ̫Եˣֻļɫ趨ҽĮʿ֮⣬Ҳ鲻ʲô̾ԭУǣλ¸ǵ֧оһˣֻǸߵһλͨҽĽѣΨһھµҽʦҽ趨ûС
֪ŵΪʲôǰõԷϢЩգףһſ¡λµҽѾ뻯ʦöԸ˵޶Ҳδ˼䣬ûʲôë˵᲻ţҧ𣿡
ŵһ°ͣ˼һ
ûϵͳôģ븵Ϧദӡ˱ϾϵͳԼԸ˽⡪ҽ˵ԼûжĻϲٽ˵Լûʧ䡭
ŵã˶ԷԼ
һºֻ֮ܿܲҪȷȫһ׮·£Ҳûڴ˵ضͣɡ
ֻǣΨһɿصıǶλµʦ֪λҽʲôԸǸˣóЩʵ֤Ǿ鷳ˡ
ŵһ˵Ӧòʲô⣬Ҳλҽ·ʽŻ½֦Ȼ鲻Ҳ̫ţó翴ʲôʱвоǡ
ϵͳ׷ʣҽǸ¿ҧûʧ䣬ó֤أ
ŵգգһ£ʵˣԷŵĻһҲ׷ó֤˦˼ϣȷ¶һ¡ôһ˿Ҳûϵġóʵʵ֤ݣֻҪҷϣųضңʤİˡ
ֻ⵽һ²ߡ
ԣʵڲԸߵһΪܻ¶Ϊʵڲκ¡
ҪƭһΣֹⲻȥ
ϵͳҲҸŵѹɿࣺܶҪô˵ӦûµġҲø»ɶԷҽỳ㣬ҽˡ
˵䣬ѾˣϵͳԾߣŵ˳ֹ
ӳ̽ͷ˫ְűأ磬ȥʲô
Ƚǣһ棬ձ㵽ˡ
ŵ۾ģǶδû֮ǰҪɵȣǶģڳһȦɡ
ϣţ֮ǰмأനϻРDڣ֣Ƕ죬Ҳȥ
һŷȻջҪŵǲȿšϴ֮ҹ˱ǿĳΣȴӦбǸ֣ܾòԲؿûܴˡ
̲סЦˣ΢΢ϸ˸¶Щһֻ֣Сģú档
ŵŵനĠDҪУǱߵĸ֮أ߾ûеġ
ŵС΢΢Ŷ
ʧӼȿɰϧѣüĿº͵ЦȻûРDڣ翪ţضӣεҲܶ࣬ϻСС뾩ǵĽ첻ͬȥ
̵أŵЦã
**
ന߾ķȻ;Ǵͬڵ·ȴܶ࣬ŮٽУȺسУŮӴ󶼲ɴ棬ɡ
ֻĶԶ義ǵľ£ûлڵƷɳʳвʯĥߵһЩ
ŵ߿һľͬɸǣ֣һǳȻ鶯֮ʱֻʲôȤ
мǹҸȣ̫·
ֻ˲֣ŵһ磬ǻȥɡ
΢΢üͻȥô
ŵͷ
룬ǰ컪֣ܱȤЩȥô
²̫ˣûʲô֮Ȼ˽飬Ǵûֻ֪֪˳Ȥ
ֹһģҲطԼŵŵһŮӻϲġ
ΣʵЩơ
ŵǺȥֻ۵ҡͷǱ𡭡
ۣ
ûС﷽һĹȥ
ŵӣš
ʧЦ΢΢ͷպŵƽӣŵŵҵǳɼһҲ£ȥҴȥ
ĺܣӣǴϸâϲЦ⡣
ôŵѹ㺬ȥˣû뵽Ȼ׾ٿ뷨
ȵȡ
ŵһԲ۾ѾԿô
üĿЦ˵סĳ嶯ָֻ˸Ȼůա
ĻӦ
硭ŵ̲ססһʱҲ֪αϲãֻͷĵã

ŵŵ̫ˡ
ػҵ磬½漣
˳˳ŵЩҵĳ㲻õңֻҪ㻶ϲǡ棬ǰ߰ա
ŵ˵ʵҲ棬ֻҪһ飬ʲôУȥɵҲ˼
ȻʧЦЦʣ¶׵
̲ס٣ͷŵĶͷһͿ
ǻܽԲȱ֮ʮίΪԼٲãίľأ
ȻʲôУǱǰаɡ
ŵһ£һ˲ȻߣȵϢϣŵŵ͵ҡ
ѹɤ΢ƣķ·ҹ紩֣䶯ˡ
Ѿˣܾܾˣŵκǰߡ
ǰһ·ȻԽԽǰתǴЩˣűȱ𴦸Щ
ŵ棬Ÿȥ߽˲֪ԭһͷ
ͷȥɱСΧһʮֺʵۣϡѵüë£ǰ΢ŵƤǸĪģͦô¶
ż˵һ䣬˶ʮı顣
Եģ
ŵ֣䲻һƵתͷһλüĿĴ
ΤԵĿɲ٣ã˲࣬ܿˡ
ŵʣλú׼𣿡
Ŷһǲന˰ɣҲǣനĳôˮĹŮƵġ
Цп׼ġΤനһ˵Щ꣬ҲȥˣҲһԡ
ŵͷЦЦ
ʵôȤֶֻѡ˱˼볬ǰЩ֮˵һԭܾһ֮˶Ƚ߶߶ʲôƣؽһпܲһԣΪ˱أ²ԡ
̯ײƵģ߲ܡ
ѾɢĲ࣬һ֮Ҳ뿪ˣŵ˼Ҳûʲôģ½ɢˣŸǰߣȻͷ˵˾䣺ȵȡ
ǣŵͷ
ͷһЦмĪ⣬λżɡ
䲻˿˰䣬òŵ΢Цл
ֻϧλɷĸԵѡѣһⱳǰ·һããѲΨһڶʮ
ŵʱͷ˸ס
Ӳʣ˵ʲô
ŵŵ߰ɡ
սСֻ֣ĵƭõ档
ŵȴϣִֵͷ㷽ŵĻʲô˼
ͷ˶촽
ɲǼ䣬ŵɫӲ԰ףתͷ򸵳ĿһֱԼϣĿɫϧŵŵ£Щ
뿪ŵȴûж
ŵʯ֮䣬ͷĻӲᴽˣʹĿˡ
˵ǣɱˣ
ŵЩ˿ҲòϣͷȷʵЩ汾¡Ͼ˵ȷʵʵֻԼ֪˽
ŲţѾ˰˷֡
˵
ȻģϵͳѾ鶨ҪץסԶ뾩ǵĻᡰɱ˵˼󡭡ȷϡ
ʱ㣬£ֹڶʮҲʹţʮûйϣ֮ǰ
ٽգҲʣµʱ䣬޼ܶϡ
ǡɹϵˣԼһ»
ŵ޲ץͷһȫ˵Ǹߣûа취ôϸҲܱ¶Լκ¡
ֻʣأ
ԭϧشŵʳ䣬΢΢ͷĿ⺮Ƕͷ
ͷȴûпֻŵһЦ˵һĺҸ
̾һŵĻ˵Ĳ׵ĵطλ˻Ľߣǲӯ졣
಻նλǮֻһǷ̲ס졣ҹϵĽѹŹҲһɸģ뿪̳ҲǲɵġȰﲻæ˵ͽǷǣĲǣ֡
ޱջĿ⡣
˵ᡣ񶾵Ļŵŵزġ
һ仹
ŵŵ߰ɡ
ŵл㱵ظŸ뿪ˡ
ٿϣȴԶûзŵ⣺Ļǰڣ·Ũصġ׵ĺڶһеĿֻš
ղǸͷĻûĶ٣˵ԼһҸģֻȷԼΪ˵ʧ
ҸвͬĽԼ·ͨȸһԼԸͳԶһǵȻҸģ
ǣֻ񣬻صԼȻһӡúܳʱԼ˵׼ʱ嵭һУƽ˺ۣԼȻԹҸ
Σʱ˿Ըܵڶ֡
һҲʧȥ޷ԺûҪô߳ȥ
ŵŵĳŵоָգڵģ
޻̸֮طϡ
ŵԥ£硭¡
ͺñһһµˣԶ߿мٶеԵʱ򣬸οЩȻӰ̬
ģˣΣǻȥ̯ˣ
ŵ΢΢һ£ŷӦں
ѵ˵ôһ䣬ֱ˵ĻŵûסһЦˡ
Ĵ֣С˵ҲҪ뿪㡣
ۻˣɵû̫ģôöһˡų磬бԼ
ͷȥ޳ʳָһЩıǼ⣬ҵŵŵã˭չҶܷģҲԼġ
˵ŵһһصУĵͷ
¶ЩЦ⣬ȻšüȥĶͷôƺЩ̡
ŵҲ̧ǡ
ֲղžͷЩôɥпΪˡȻЩĳ̫Լԭ壬϶ô屾ʹͻܾţȻס
СɫѾЩˣεĴֻʣһ۰ɫźòΪ䣬΢΢š
һ̽ԼȻŵʱúܺ񣬵ԽϣΧʵʵ
ŵɣ磬ô㡭
ްġֱӽ˴ᱧ
ŵòУιԼߣ㱧һ۵ģҷ
ڻУŷȷʵЩ̣ɵøšüŵŵ𶯣Ȼŷ纮ԼؿڣúϢһ¡
ŵһηԼ͸֮ҲûожҲأһҲûۣȴ
û취أֻùɵС
ôһЪ½
ߵĿ죬صסĿջŵѾյûֹסķ
л˵
ǰʮ



49 о綾
һ·ϸŵ, ֪ãм尾ҵ飬ٶȻص佫ŵڴϣϸǺñ, תóӾǴҩؼá
ҩ, ŵ߽
С, ǱСèһ, ޷塣
һ, ̻صŵߡ
硭лԼҲæ͵Ӧһ
ŵŲ԰Сѹͷϣ΢΢ѵ촽⶯
硭
ˡ
üĽš, ٣ŵŵμʲôˣ˾, ˵Ļ
ŵ˯̽ѣ˿Ҳ˲ˣ˴ӴУҡŵŵ, ŵŵ
ŵϸü, ΢΢, Ѳ, 硭㡭ɱҡ
ͬһڶը, ȻЩŵŵ
ŵһٿȻ۾
ξдž޴ãȻ, ΢΢תת, Ÿ, ˼ȴԲѵҪҡ
ĶҪ, ˵ʲôأֻجΣôܡ˵Щ˵ڡ
ֱ۽գйȦסһһ΢΢ʪ޽ǣʣŵŵǲĲãˣܸŵŵԵİȫУج
ŵգգ۾пɲĻ潥ȥǰĿϧģȡеĮȻӦ
˫̧Ÿ硣
ֻỽ֣ȴǧﶼ˵
ڡ
һΡ
֪
μ£Ҳԭˡ
ʵŵǵξľݣֻǽ˵Ŀֻš
ͷ˫СƺܴȫСסŵҲһ
Ҳᡣ
ᶨҲᣬŵŵ
֪뷨췽ҹ̷һ̣ΪţԸһ˲佫Щ棬ֻΪ˺
ŵŵҡҪҵΣ˵ͬԣֻҪ㻶ϲᣬ磬ʲôҲںˡ
͵ͣһֽʪĨȥ
Ļһ裬ŵţеļֽ
ĳŵɽء˵ᣬǾǲᡣ
οԼҪ˺
ŵ˶ЩˣȻϻûѪɫȴ¶ЩЦ
ЩЦģһֱŵĲŻ䣬ѽϵ⣬εҩˣȺҩ
ŵԹԵͷգ۵ؿŸҩеҩ֭롣
磬ſţû𣿡
߹ֺ󣬽ӴϷͷЩҵķ˿Һܺãû¡
ҩ룬ҨһϸĴݵŵߣŵŵȡ
ǰĿССһںʵıУƷ˿ѩ׵ϣģ˭˶̲סϧ
ο
Ͱڣԭúõģ֪Ǽ֮ԻὫŵŵųʱɷ˵ߣִ־
ŵԹԾ͸ֺҩԽѹ
˼ڣ̧ۼüأȻæһҩ֭˵磬ʲô¶ԼҲǸͷ˵ĻŲΪΪ̫ˡ
˵꣬üδɣĿɫǸϧЩ
ŵ̷Ӧ˵ҲԣԼǱģҪô˵ӣֻ»Ҫ𣺡ҲΪ䣬ʵҲûô䣬ΪұͲ̫á
Խ˵ԽСŸ䴽εӣŵŵ㲻չңôˣ
ŵҵȻҲҪչ㰡
ݸͿЩҪˣҵġ
ŵͷš
Ե˲֪ôźãҩȫιŵ£˲ĴǣӸǺã˯ɣŵŵ㡣
ŵ¶һЦԲԲ۾Ҳһϲ
˵磬ҡ
΢΢һ㶣̿Զ֪Ϊŵŵÿһֱ̹ʶ֪ܳ
һ˲䣬ŵѾ̺Ĵ΢΢Ȼ˺׼ס
ЦһƬ
ÿɰξܾˣ۽üҵİʳһСëŵǣϧģļܲ
ŵǸܵİޱҲɡ
ڲУ¼ᶨеľɥͲڳʧ
۾Ӧǣе侲
磬Ҳʧܵġ

һ죬λ١
֮ǰϵ˵⣬ϾʦѾӣóȻǰȥʵڴţ
λһŵͦˣɫɱȴǰ̫ˣӦʱε˰ɣ
ŵشԹԵĵͷгչţ϶ûʲô⡣
ŵЦǣ˶δҩѾöˣúõлл㡣
֮ǰĿ죬ȥҲ죬һϱˣڿɫȫղӡ
λЦݽ˽ƺһǸԭѧİɣѽڽ˳ֹӣһɡҲûʲô⡣ֻһᣬҲδ̫Щܻܲƺ
Ǻ죺ҶѣֹҲܱŤͽжδɡ
ŵЦˣԶλºкøУ֪һֱϵģȲֲ͢Ǹ£չ֮壬жǸм
λ˵ŵûԥĻ˾δ磬ͷŸλ̳ӣ᲻İɣ
Ȼɫ糣ûκα仯ڿԼ΢΢һЦĿɫ磬ʹǰһ޶
ŵҲ¶һЦݣͷĬĬ˼
һ⡣
ԭ粢˭Ĵ׶ԡҲǣԸأ밮ӵͷһ׳ǸסԻԼλ˵΢Цʱֳκ
ƺֻѩϪΨһܽܵˡ
ŵ֪ԼոջʱѩϪߣϵʱҲվ汣ѩϪѩϪֻǳԴףҲ᲻ͺѩϪأ
ģôѩϪԭֻصĵϣͬϡƵò׻᲻еǰƣ
ŵ㶵ʱЩãֱЩǵͷŵŵôˣﲻ𣿡
ŶûСŵҡͷϡ
Сǣסָҡһҡʾõġ
ڲ˼Щʱͷѹĵףֻ˸ۣ´лѩϪʱòһ¡
λ¿ӣ̲סǲҲ̫ҵˣ컯գעһ¡Ȼô˵ɫȴοӻ֣ɫ磬ȥʦ￴Ҳ÷ġ
һ·λϲӣ˵˵ȥڽʦ
ڶλµУʦȻƢŹЩ˾ԲֻԭԵùŹ֡
ʦ˼Ƣǲ˵㣬˺ȻͶ·ߣĻнյķ⣿ҶҽҲǳϮһģһԼҩģ֢ضСİŵŵȻκ㡣
Ṧ̸Ѿʼŵŵˡ
ŵЦȻȼ棬ָ̡
Ǻ˵֪Ϊˣλ°ڰ֣˵һŵȤģȼ㶨ᾪޣʦ࿡ǷȻ˵ʹˣ΢˵㣬ǻǿԿʱӰӣɫ˫
һЦԭΪϾûбĸÿˣֱ
ŵ׵ؽӿڣֱʶ磬ǲǣ
ȷʵǡ
ŵתͷŸ۾ϸЦ⣺Ҳûȳÿˡ
̲ס䴽СյøЩ
ŵԣܿתͷ˵ʦòð͸Ȥˡδ磬ʦЩѧҽˣͲܽʦʦĸҸ
λЦҪʦĸͽˣ˵֮ǰЩĵ¸ʦʱȷһλİŮӣֻλŮӺԵǳͼˡ
ҾͲˣʦ˵Щ
һֱûȢ𣿡
ûУ׺ΪˮʦǸˣλ¸пһ䣬ָָһҼյˡ
ŵæǵĽֲͬҲŲ޸ء
λ¹Цǡ
ʮֺãһ·ϼһֱŵ죬һȻ͸λѽ鲻ǳʶʱͲ࣬Щν٣ʱһੲһѻԷֻһ֣ÿζƵҪ
һۣԷҲԴָĿҲ÷ֻôһۣλ¾Լ󲱾Щġ
ٵͷŵʱɫֱ繣ٰˡ
ŵоڿȻ֪Ӧһ·Լλ̸еˡ
ʵһʼҲŸģκʵĲΪλ̸·Ȥ棬Ͳ֪ࡣ
ŵЩ˼ץĴҡһҡ
˫ɰ۾һֱҲˣȻü΢䣺¡
Ϊ෴ʱʱλµȤﶺЦҲܻϲ
ֻҪľͺá
λ¼ֿʼˣæԱ߶ѾʦסĴիţ߼ǰߵš
ãŴһͳɳƵɡ
λգۣЩɻü
ʱŵ͸ҲˣŵλЩ㶣ʵδ磬ôˣ
Ŷû£λҡҡͷʦƵĲӣѵˣ
һ˵һƿš
ߵĹ˽ӳڵԳһչ⣬ͬʱҲǰϡ
˺ͦΣЩ˿ͷһ˿Щֵǣϴһֻ.ߣס˴󲿷ֻ¶촽°͡
ǵĹ಻
λһ̲סĵʦôˣУ˷纮ʲôɤôôƣ
˰˰֣ɤӷ·ɰֽĥָûʲôֻΪʦǰоһҩǶԹأҩʱûִ磬òɤӡްõġ
λΣ⵹ܸɳ¶˻ôԼҲͣԺҪ֪һͽɡ
˵һЦһ
λתͷָָ˽ܵʦҵδޡ֮ǰģԶ
˵ͷվ帵ŵ˹֣ǳϿңȣΪλΪϲ̨Ĺأǧ·
ŵ˵æ֣̫ˣҽҩǰӦġ
λҽܺ˵ӣӦϵͳĵ־ǿ֮ˡ
ֻòʵǿϧűλ˵ĹһЩģ֪ʲôӣҲû취ˡ
Ҳ޷Ԯ֣¸м
ɫһϵ.ߣ룬ȴŵȻͬ
ҲǴӼ𣬱ް֮ʱΣյĸ֪Ѿ˷˼ĵزԵò֮⻯ˣһ۱֪ףȴסݣģĲиС
ŵ͸̧֪һ.ߣǸȻЦʵڶԲס⸱ģǲŵˣҲû취ժ.ߣݸɲҾԶҲǵһΣǱֲǡ
λҲЦŽ͵ǰʦЩûٵڣЩҩ֮ͻḡ沿
ŵͷʵǾ˵֮ǻõģ
λҪشȿڵεĶأ˵Щλ£ҸѰɡ
һڻˡ
ŵ˸һۣ߹ȥȶ棬Щ졣
.ߺ˫۾нס룺Ӽ浽˿̣λ̸ºͣǸˣ֪ʵ˵նء
֣ŶԷָϣ̧ͷʱȴȵĿѾЩء
һֱעţƵĸУƬ̣ʵڰסеǣգ
ջ֣Ƭֻ̣˵֣鷳
üȻȥʶסŵļĦ°ͬʱҲɫƽԼ𶥵Ŀֻš
ŵһֱ㶣˶ֿܣλҽûʧ䣬ȴû뵽ķչ
ֻ˵λеĶص졯˶ڽʧѾãʱʦ˿̶Ҳ鲻Ȼ
һּԶҩҲǰŻʼʱж߻ƽ죬Щģʧ֢״ʱǱ㶾һغ󣬱㿪ʼʹ䲻ʹԻ
һλŵЩ㱣ʵǺѷӦ⾿ʲô
˵״Լû˵ĵʧ׶κôôΪѹûʧ䰡
˵ϸ⸱Ҳϵˣ־Բܸôӵ
ŵԲ۾һգգضȣΪʲôҪѰ
㶣ڸȴζ絶·ѪҺס
ɫҰף˶ʣа취ô
ȵס£оһ취
л˵


50 ҹҩ
ǵʱѾĺʱ, ȶλʰͷٺǣɫȫȻȥ
˿̣վſڣλµ̸ʲô, ˵С, ŵڷ, ûкȥ
ʱ, һѼ, һϵġ
ŵһ°ͣ谵ҡҷ΢΢Ϩһ˲ٿ
ԡΪʲôҪһ׻ԣ
˵, Ͽǽʱȼü֮, ȴһѵı
ŵ΢΢ͷſڿһۣڳͶλУλҽֻǺΪ, Ųһ涾, Ӷ, Ϊβ
һ߼ȫ˵ͨ, κ˶֧ȥʲô
Լ
ӷһ̿ʼ, ˣѾ˴֪һЩ˵Ķ
ڰ, ף
, ԷҲ
, Ϊһװʧ, ȴȽȵĻԣΪĻԣǡǡԼĻϡ
һСסľٶЩѰζˡ
ŵĬĬ¼촽޲룺ԭΪѵľҽǿӲĽûʧ֤˦ϣٿĪ硣ȴû뵽Ȼ֮ᷢ£ֱζ˺ܲˬ
ԽˣԽҪס
ĳ񣬸Ѿ߹ߡ
ɫЩ¶һº͵ЦƸգǰ۳衣
ŵףЩ˿֪ĳʲô
һڸֱ̧۱סݵ
ر°
ŵ׸ĬҲѹ˵ʲôĿȴһ١
ͷĽǶȣպÿԿȡµ֫ϵĻȣѰҪӲࡣ
̲סۣ磬˲·Ȼ᲻ʹ
еĹᡣ
ŵͷǰ鷢֪ʱЩ΢ңȴûע⣬˳룬ͷˡ
סС֣ڴǡ
ŵŵҪҪˮ
ʣûţЩʲô
ŵգգۣ·һϦ֮䣬ڸоͱһĴ̬ȼСݣ·˵Щһ㡣
ʲôСŵ̲סЦôãôСģڲǻúõλû˵˶ɽ⣬˵취Ǿ֤ġ
һְ̾Ȳŵŵᵣĺ£ȴ˹ɶ£ο
΢Цұ͸ôá
Ŷŵ̲ס䴽
Цֱ֮磬㲻Ҫġ
ֱ˫ʰԼģֻҪڣʲô¡
Ц۽ǡ
ŵֱӴᣬվһ˫С𸵳Щ԰׵һϡ
´Ҫף֪֪
㾳ҲûסҿɰŪȻʧЦ
ĵװԨĿ־Ŭѹصĵطȥֻ۳裬ѧա

ҹ
ããɫڸǺҹʶףһ˿˿Ĺܡ
ѹ£ֱҹ˯ţòǳƬ̣ȴجС
ξǳľǵѹĵףһβˮб̳㣬.ϢȴҲ·
صǸη
Ѫȣʮּܿտյϱ߱Ѫ͸Ũĺ죬ĺɫ
ǵľͬˮΧǻѹôʮּϣſֵѪ
ô
ܵġŵŵˡⲻⲻ
߬ؿڵϣȴֿ˺ѷεʹȻ˻
硣
ȻһʿϢ״̬ѳֻתĹվ⣬΢΢Цſ
ȫѪҺʣ̫ҪһӵȷĴڡ
Ȼǰһȴһѷĳб͸һѷâˡ񲻿ɵ
һݳХֱֱࡣ
Ķѩ׵Ľ˹Ѫ
ѽᴩͷѪӽڴӿ԰׵ı΢΢⶯Ƭ̣һһ㻺ͷԼ̴ؿڡ
ৡһһ̵׵ĳ
ֲʹȴʱҪҡ⧲΢˫ۣŻһѪλΡ
ŵŵ
ػǰüĿ񣬽ɣµӣ鶯ײȾ
ˣǴ˿˲ң̲סֲڹ۰
Լ˫һĴ۾ȴûᰮ⣬ֻͬ顢ЩΡ
˵Բ𡣡
ֻɱ㣬Ҳܻȥ
ҡͷ
תĿ⣬ת෴ķȥ
ŵŵȥ
ҡ
þҲֻ̽֡һԶץסĿ־ӣ֪һߣҲͷ
·ոͱԼһûԹֻԼʧȥĶǰĻ̿־塣
ȻԶԼȴԭضáǰһƬѤĹâŵŵӡһ㱡΢⣬õķ·ˡ
ԽԽԶֱѤõĹԼȴ۵ĽԽ뿿ԽŢ԰Σջһ̯ǣ֮

౻̴ʹѸ֫ٺȫĹ·𶼱飬ʹ쳣
͵˫ۣųӣּƷͷ
һҵǺȺͷȻһڹѪѪвϸĽɰڼžҹɢϸСڹԡ
ؿڣڴڵĴ
ҵʹΪﻹʣ.һĽ
ܿ죬ٵʹˮΰӿϣĹ˺ҧÿһ羭ͬʹʹΪϤ
۾¹
Ȼʹң.ҵĴ.Ϣȴƽ
ҰһҧأĬİޱ߾ʹ
ԭһجΡ
Լճŵŵ飬ռ˼ŻᱻסҡҡͷʵһĵΡ
ΪʣȻ֧ǰ߷ʳǽķ
ָ޾ʹʵϣһζʱŵŵߣֶ⣬ǴʹûôѰ
ȴһһεĲʹÿһζޱơ
д߷Ѻ֪ξĵбʹʹὥȥֻ̹ǡ
ɰһڽش󣬸ۣһһϸϸصů
ԺȫȻգһʱãӵǣĥ
ҧȴ΢΢Ҳһ̹ʹʱҪôã֮ǰԼԻָ
Ҫﶼɨɾŵŵʲôġ
硪ôˣȻűһƿ
ͷһ˼Ȼжϡ
̧ͷȥղŷȥʹСü۾ŵܽ
Ҳûֻһ¡
ŵŵ㡭һѪӿδ˵ʹʧ
ŵΣǵһ˶λ¸ǰŵڷᣬݸҲá˯ҹȻ񷭵ű˾ĵǺȡ
ŵŵ߻ЩȲŵʲôôܴ˵
ȥ·תһһظ㽫ֱߵޱΧϡ
ŵĹ˵Щѱһߣк𸵳磬ôȻһֱӣԶûеʱ򰡡㡢ǲǡһ̣ҵ롭
һ˵һ߲ܲҪֱڽǵѪȥ
ҲࡣæһץסС֣˾䣬һĴָ⽫ѪĨ
еͷɬʶҪȥȴԼֵѪۡ
һ£΢΢ָøɾĵĹǽڴСĲЩӨ顣
Ϊ̫ʹѾ֣ѹƲסϸСĲ
ޣ壬ˣûµġ
һ죬ȡԱ¼ϹŵһԲĸŵϣסС
·˵̫ˣȥܹůһЩûô۲ѡ
ŵᣬŸ£ԹɺãҪˡ
òŵ룬ֺȵ롣
֪һҽΪҽҲϵͳĴۻҪŵҲȥԷİæڻ͸ȵҪʲôλôʦ˺ƣҲʵŲ
ڣԸԸҲῪᡣ
ŵһ룬һŸɫ԰׵촽ԷһۡѹһЩԵԡ
ŵСһ磬֪ʳǽⶾֻʱпܴǰҲ֪δ˵ŲգôȻǰء
˵ӡһƬûԭΪҷűסȷв
˵ĺмҪͣһͣŵŵŵԲס
ŵæҡͷҪǸŵܵĿࡣ
ԭجסҲǿҵμʲôӦ޹ذɡŵ룬ԼѾߴôãӦòٺ֮ǰˡ
᲻ᡭεСʱ£
ŵҲʣЦһЦˣ㲻Ҫ˵Ϣһ¡е¶Ǽٵģ£Ѳõ¶
⿴һۣ磬Ҹʩ룬ҪҩСȥͶδ˵һ£һЩҩ
ŵڣȥŵȴ֪˼С΢ڸ룬Լ֡
ңҺܿ졣
ͷڻ˯ĸ£»ܳȥˡ

λһ棬˿̻δ˯ܺ棺ôˣסŵļˣĸҲǻ
ſŵȣŵŵôˣʲôˣûһ𣿡ʱ̽ͷûˡ
ŵɿذ˵һ顣
λţ̲סüΪѵѾʩ⡭
ҲҽߣȻŵʵ뷨ЧԵҪҩºͶԳУȻ˸鷳
ֻǡλЩݣֻǣʦҩһԼ֮⣬̤ġشʮʦԺҶý
˵ڣλԼ˼ôһƬҩԣ߰˳ҩġʲô䣬óβҲ޿ɺǡңŵĲͨļζʹѡ
λ¶֪ôŵŵԼСһǵһſԼֶòݣԼȴܴӦ
ŵ㶵գգ۾³ͻȻֻøôʹ࣬ҩȴû뵽Ȼһء
ΪѶλ£ʵǡ⸽ҩ̡
̫Զˣλҡҡͷŵһ֪Ҫ˵ʲôǰһģҲ֪طƧҩҲҪʮ
һͣ٣οû£ȲҪżȥʦоͰѣȥҩ˭ô߰Ĺء
Ȼţȶ޶
ƫƧҹԵüž
յصԺУԵÿȡ
ʦ˯ôλšüҲǣ֪Լϵʲôҩ϶ƽʱ
촽ȥʾʦ
***
ŵܵÿ죬Ҳ죬󻹸Ŷλ¡
Ѩڻ˯ŵܵ߿һֻۣͷλ¡
֪޴룬ģʵϧ
λɨһ۸зⲻȥ³ͻȻŵŵľַȫû⣬һ̶ϻĿû뵽ȴڴ˵ؿҩϡ
ʱڲҩĹЧȥǲǸô
ȻŵҲһ㣬Ȳȥδ磬ָһ·ɣȻ·;Զ˵㣬ҿȥأʱӦԸϻġ
λʵڲ̣±߾һƬҩԣҩӦоС
ɶ£֪Ϊѣһ仰Ҳû˫¶޴룬˺ѲȥҪ
УﲻȾǣҹҩ̴󶼲ῪţȥҲá
λ¸ɴŵŵҪʲôҩȥҩԲɰɡȵڶʦˣԻ˵ġ
ŵɣĸλ鷳
Ŀ̫γˣλһ۱㿴㲻õģʦҼ䣬ҪġȻش󣬵ǸܺõˣҺദʮ꣬˽
ŵͷȻ֪ãΪ˸ֻȶԲλˣллδ磬һȥ
ȥˣչһ³硣
ȥɣȥء
λµͷŵһЦתš

ѾһƬҩԣиʽĲҩѾģҲиճѿ·ء
ʱŵ·ɨһۣдЩ䣬СĵؿŽ£̵·ռҪĲҩ
ǰĵѰĺֽ΢΢ƵİֽճĹвҵ
ŵպҩվֱӣƻ˸¡
ʶͷȻһ
Զ֪ʱվһˡĸߣͦ޳׵ͷţϹһ.ߡ
ǷôҲвѵȡ
л˵
ǰʮ


51 뻢ıƤ
ŵ, ʵݺһ
ʱʲôϼ⸱.ߵӣϢ֣Եÿֲ
һֱûпڵĴ, ŵְܲ, ӲͷƤк, ˡðҩҡ
ܵ, ޷
ŵԲ׼˼, ʼճĬ˸תȥ
, Ƚס, ˿ûбˣǲǸ˵ЩֻǶ˲֪ܡ
ŵоһ˲δţվԭ, ƽ̹ȻĻȥ
Ƕ˼ĬƬ, ֻĬĬŶԷ
, ȿ, ЦЦ, һܺ棬ûж, Ҳûʧ, ΪһЩ, Ҳǣ
ŵеСҩ, ȻԭûвңҺܳ顣
ȻӦ飬ǷӦðһæ
ŵСӦԣ˵
ҵ鲻ǷΪѻҪ˵һζһͣЦˣӼҿʼɫһֱܲ˿Ӧʮֿ־ɡ
ŵҡͷδ
һ
ŵ˵ҲӲ书ҽ˫ɱңһٻˡڻվǰ˵֤ܻЩֵʱȡ˵żȡǲǣ
ô˵ŵȴӾ裬֪ԼɫãΪΪǰ㡣
Ѿ˵ϡȻȶȤҪ˾ǳˡ
ȴûֱӶ֣ǽϡҲҪѣҪҪĥ
ȵʲôݣΪζ֮ǡ
ŵ˼飬ȸ졣
ȶŵ죬ҡͷ㲻Ӧ˵㣬˿һͷϾİѱ𣿡
ŵ򴽣ҵΪʼʱû˵˿˵Ȼʧ˼ֿŶȡ
΢΢ü͵Ц
Сеĺܲһʱֻ˾û뵹мֵɫϻֲۣøϲ㡣
ǰ˵ϲ㣬ˣ᲻Ϊѳ飿
ȲѹȣŵԸʧվԭزɫȻᡣ
ϲҪѳ鲻еĴѣм˻ôɵ
أһëǵĳ֣ȵ²ɱ㣿
ŵҲ¡
ˡֱԣ㽫ַ˺ô²ߡֻˣˣضµ֡ұϾߵˣĽԣ䲻ʹѳһµ
ͣ½Ųµؿŵ
ŵĿѹʣµĻ˵꣺ҿóܺΪֺޣԼΪòֵá
ȺȻЦ
һȤĺӡ˵еҲгǸҵ˼ֱӽƣû뵽ġǣҲδʵкܶ취޲ߡΪ˾㣬ֻܺϵң۵ζĸʹ죿
˵䣬ѾվŵǰǶ಻ɡɫ.ɭȻΪ𺡣
ŵ΢΢߳Щɫս㵱Ȼһ㻹ûи㲢ûֱ֣Żҡ̽ңʵ޷ҽɻ󣬲ҶѰˡ
Ŷ
ܺ棬ΪʲôҪװʧ䡣㵣֮䲢ûбء
ƫͷЦˡ
ôģ
ŵ˼תļ죺ʵȷоʲôûֱӶ֣֤ȻԥץסĿǰΨһпԥĻᡣ
ŵƽҿĳ˵ɱ˸ǲģڼ尾ĥʹȥԲŽϣҹ֮һ²ߡ
˵ȥ
뷨ȻҲзգΪѶԸĥȫһ顯ϡҲϣΪֻԼܵơжôңҲֻɱй߰ˣжʹࡣ
㣬ȴﲻԼԸ£ʧһɿѡ
۾һһѣ
ǡ
΢΢򴽣õĶŵǳϸô׸ϲʲôòȷǸɫŮ٣ȥӺ޿ȡ֮Ůˣ¼Ҫж٣û˻ΪһҪ
ǿʵģܴϴ⡣û뵽ȴȤݡ
΢΢ͷ˼ЦеĻҪ˼ࡣԡΪʲôҪװʧأ
ŵһ˵º޸˲ֹһȻʹʧʹ֪࣬İ˲ԼνУǲǸҿЦ
ʲô˼.¶һ˫۾쳣Ҳɱ
´ŵɵĹһ˫۾ϵɫҪɾȫ벻һɱģΪӪˡ
Ƭ̺ЦСƭҡȻ֪㾿жġȻȡΣߣֵĻ᣿
ŵȻΣðɡ
Ҳ书Ҳûֻ֣һˡ书ǹˡƾһ֮ɱҪĵȴᣬѰһСȻδȴɱı¶ң
ȳãĿ⽥Զƺڵŵеʵԡ
һ˺ö˶˵ģôװʧƭһˣⱾһִĻǡĿľΪΣҿǧѰҽҪκĲȴʼ̫ԵȣܲΪ˶Էá
Ըƺȷû顣
ŵĬĬ˼˵а˿ӦЩˡ
ϾԴìܺ˵ǣиɻٽˣҲòţ֮⻹ʲôĿġۺƭѩϪӦбǣԸȣҳκ
֮ͣȷҪɱģҲǻĶֵġ
ֻǣԶеڶ֪Ҫʲô
ҵĵƹڶϣŵһӨ׵СЩûѪɫȵ.Եøɲ
Ĭڶм佥ӣŵסԼס
ڣȵ˵ĻеôһˡһǾӦɱ㣬Ҳ޴˿̾Ͷ֡Ҳһ£һ꣬꣬ꡭ˵׼ʲôʱ򣬵ֻҪ֣Ҿøҡ
ŵҡͷʧЦ㲻Ҫ̫͹ҲҪôСҡҲ˵֣ܲܲƾⷬҲַġպҼѪĥҶһڸĵ¡
⻰ȴЦ¡
ŵѩ˵ʵԥ̽ŹͬĿģŶԷİѱʵѣôΪʲôɱһͬŵ˺úúһ칦أ
ͶҡˡҪģһѡ
Ȼȳá
һתҺܺ޵ȥ
ŵĬһ˲
ȶô˵ô
ǵǣŵڣ̧̧°ֻͣԭܲܽҵĵƸ͸ȴȫ˰ɡ
ҡͷЦСѾͷǲԿ㷽ż仰ѾϷ·ˡһ㣬иΣ㻹жһĵף
㣬ǵҲûʲôҲ֪ίǸʲô⡣
ЩʵЦ˼ҵδޣµ֡һƽɱ֮졣
Ϊȣŵƽ˲ʣôӣΪΡûӤʱ֣
ЦŤôû֣Ϊͱĥˡ
˵꣬ƺٶ˵תͷŵƺ˵ˡ
ŵһѽ첻ң⡣ʱұװʧߡ
˵ʧ䣬ˣ
ŵõЦȻҵֶΡ
ü壬ŵһۣϬ
ȥһؼ䣬ìܣ
ŵɫſں˵ΪҴǰ£Ϊɣĸϧ˾ѡΪһԶˡѰؼ䣬˵ҲΪԼһ˽֮˰ˡ
ں޵ıʮֱ棬ȿãκ
ˣжŵһ֡
ŵںôԼ̵ô࣬ڿ԰סˣ㲻Ҫڸߴŵң»졣Ҫĵطһġ
ĬãҪֱҪһҪĥ
ŵá
һǼա˴ƫƧˣֵǧ
ŵף֪
ˣǶ˶ԶԷûʲô˵Ļˡ
һŵеŸȸɵˣǡ
ȺȻ˵¡
£ŵеҩϣŵİʱ˹㻹ϷȫסݵõЩ࣬ҽǴƽͨ书ǿ׳ٱһЩЧøá
ŵһлҼˡ
һеҩɨ飬ӻ֣ȥɡ
һ̧۱£ŵ򣬡ӣôˣ
ŵһ㶣̻ͷȻ֪ʲôʱгߡ
ɫǺܲѹŵͿȡ
㡭Ҹʩ룬ôܶģ
ſȣش忪ˡ
ʲôŵʱ۾ԼµԼ֪忪Ҫܶ࣬漣ʲô״ôҵ忪
䣬ԱǵĿⶸȻ֡
ŵһʵ̫ˡղһż¶̫ʵˡ
˿̣òӲͷƤܽ˵¶Ƕڱ棺ΪʲôôϧԼ壬ֻһ㣬ܳѵ֪ʹô֪֪ҿ㱻ĥԼȴһҲﲻæʱжܣ
ȻݸϷĳɷ֣Ҳȷʵʵġƽʱݵġ
ֻ̫ˣҲġ
ŵĴָϧĦ£ֻɫá
һۣͷ⣬Īֲּɫľ衣
治ԭʶġǰ˺ԣ̫ˣֻҪŵŵߣôκվһġ
Ϊŵŵβҽʳ
ҹδ˯ƽȣϸѹŵĶʹϸ΢
֮ͣлŶҹ˯þ
̾˿ʳǽ֮忪Ѩ룬ʵѵáֶβ·˵ʮ㣬ӢŰ
ҵ
¶ɫĿһۣ˹֣㣬´Сûȥˡ
΢΢ͷ
ŵͲøٳԿ࣬޲÷ɻȥ˵æס䣬һߡ
Ҫ߳ҩʱͷһۡ
ɫ.߹ܿɲӰɪȻվԭأһҲûж
ٿͷǰȥ
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Ŀ˵ıӰֱҲŵͷ΢΢һӡ
ʼһ¾Ϊŵĵǣ̫нˡŮˣ׾ӸݼȻҲøģʵǿЦ
ĵ͵Ц
Ц֮£һ̾㲻ҪżϿŰɣҶѩһ֮ܡС֡ҲĿ̹

ղµҩ죬ŵιҩȴûϣһԲԼֽҩҩУҩͷˡ
ȥЩ࣬ŵ̲סģӦʲôûɡ
ʱЩˡҲָֻҩ顣
ı֣˿ûԼƭͱѵķŭӦصġ
ǡŻЩ
ŵ죬ûʡʹĥɫ̫ʱֻ̫࣬ŵϢ˵
ôţ磬ҩͿЩصŰɣ˯һӦþͻúܡ
δ˵꣬Ȼ⧲һԴ׺ݵ۴ϣҧһ£·Ϊ˳ͷʲô
û̫ҧ֮һɣ飬Сġ
ſĿϲŭ
ŵ촽ԵŸú˵ŻͻȻ
һ̣̾εؽڻС
ŵŵԺ󲻿ˡ
ŵýСѹϣƵģʲô
ҶʱѨһ˯Լȴܳȥ˵Ÿɫ֣ΣգҸϲ㣬Ǻã
䶾ѣķʼıΧڡ
Ѩֻȥҩԣ̫Զˡ
ĺúýѵٲҰԼΣУҲҽĵǳⲻã򲻵ã˵һ㻰Լܲˡ
ĺˣҲֻһ¡
ŵգգۣľ治һ˿ɱȵġֻǴ˿ֻܰ磬ûܳȥûΣյģδĺԲ˵ʦΪҡβⶾǡǺˡ
֪
ֻĵʼֹС
֪Լ˼ԷǸŵŵҽ⼸ռ߲Ѱҽⶾİ취ȻҲǲȫġ
ŵŵԺˣȦЩ⻬һĳ߲ȾլۡȷȫΣա
粻Ҫɣʲôԣҿõ㡢õ㡣ȥҲܼߡõ·߲ˣֻһңҲ̫õġ
ŵ㱻ÿø۳Ѿ޵ʱǻٴε߸֪
ͷ۲ѣҵ㲻׼˵Լã˵ԼҪˡ
ά࣬ȴ̲סҡͷЦ£㻹˵ҲǱȴһ취ûС
˵ͷʱȴϧԴ׻Ĺ屦
л˵


52 ճԹ
ѩ׷, ͸ıշ׷˼䣬ϸϸϡ
鷿п顣һű̺ڿϣ֧°Ϳ顣
һûʲô, , Ǵ˼˾;ͷ۵ĺӡ
ÿҪ², ѧҵꡪʴӱ, ѧʲôܿ졣ֻǾϻ۹, Ҳʵ̫Сˣĳûһλʮ֮ǰǻĻʵ, οǻҪѧĶǶࡣ
ȥʵ϶Ǽŵĺ, ֪Ϊʱ侹ͣÿϰ䣬Щ֡
ҹӦбѩ߽
һŭݡ
̷Ĵ̫ܳƼ, һ, æи, Ӧ밲, ЪһЪٽȥ, ½鲻á
Ӧбʣ¼ʱù
⻰˵ЩԽˣҲ֪ʲô, λϲŭɫĴôĻܳ²ϵ亹Ӧ԰, ÿæڹ, ͹, ӹۣڵµģȻҪЩ
ӦбЦһҲ֪ܳһ⣬ȥСʵ۵ùͷʵѹȥͷĻ𣬲ݲ£ֵ֪˶Ȳ裬ȥɡ
ܳ²ٶ˵æӦǣתԸȥˡ
ſڵĶһ䣬Լ֪Ӧб
ɫδ䣬ĵطһҳ顣
Ӧб⸱ģ΢΢ü΢¡
û̧ۣӺ﷢᲻ص졣
µҪһֱȥ𣿡
ԷƺЩ޿̵ķʣôҳƿĿ⣬Ӧб۾˼
Ӧбʹˣǵ֮ĵ֮ţСЩʱգض첻ΪƫҪɱ˫һЩǰ;ٵ£ϧԼҲҪͬھ
޳ָҳЦһö˶˵ģôͻȻ˵Щ
ӦбشüĿһ̣Ϊʲô޵ĸֻڣֻ·ָҪ¡
ÿ뷨ͬǱ߾Ҫˡ
ó޲ҪƫƫñһҪ飬Ϊˣ޿ԲϧɽζЦһ£¶ɫӦб㲻ޣ֮˵ĻܿΪ̫ˡ㲢ûкˣ芬֪֮Ҳ˰ˣΪ˱𣿲㲻ǵġվڶϣֻΪһЩ޿κε£޷վһŲΪ֡úøޣȷʵΨһҲãҲúĪֲ֪Լʲô
ЦôҲգ֪ԼҪʲôأ˿̣ԼҪʲô֪
Ӧб⧲һλȻмױĻһͷֶֺ˵ˣ˿档
ĻһӦбϣĬΡ
޻˵öԷ˵е
գȻͳڣȸսʱҪɬ࣬Щƣ΢ȷһȦ֮ˣûʲô⣬ֻԾˡ
ֻǱٷߺ޲ƽҲܴԼĻҵ뱱Į˽һͼı
˵ţóһ΢żֻ٣⼸̫΢;òЩ
ܳסûзҲ̲֪֪Ϊ
΢֪
֡
Ӧбеŵݸ
żѾ𿪣ֱӴŷóֽչһĿʮп꣺ȻѾˣǲ˵˵ʲô뷨
Ӧбû뵽ô̹Ȼһ˿ڹ֮ҲûУƽۡ
ҭסΣ£ǱĮ淸֮ˣ崦նǿ΢šû躹޳ʮ꣬നŪ˭֪ҪʲôѵҪһ𣿱£Σյˣ뻢ıƤ
ΪȻЦЦĮͽĳѣ
˵޸ʢ
ӦбҧҲ棬Ѷ׵ġ
νһ̯֣һ޹ӣλ֪ʵ۲־ѹ̧ͷͷΪβһ
Ӧб¡
ͣͣԭǰ˵иȥ޻أ˴˵Ļ΢Ҳ΢ѾɹһöڸߣøڵôԶĵطȥֻúóıھһϢĳ°
Ŷͷ˵ľʵŮӡ
һüѾ˽¼潻̸ˣȻҲ̽λŮǷš
Ӧб˵ɫ
գգ۾ȻЦӦˣڽʲô
ûɣӦбôһεˣȥЩ޴롣
ӦбҪδ
ʵʵ˵Ȼ㰲ŵˣȻš
üвô
Ӧб˱۾ٿʱЩȻ»΢кβס΢˵´ףΪȴŵ̬ԸͱĮ浳һ𡣻
󼸸ֵ͵ļţͺһص̾Ϣûע⵽
ֻɫ˵ˣ޲ЩӦ˸꣬ҲԺ󻹻Ƹ㿴ȥɴǹ٣޻׼ġ
·ϣûҪʴˣȥһȥ
⴦ȷʵأӦбû˵ʲôƺЩҵӡ
Ȼͷ񣬡ǡ

գȹȻûÿ첻Ƿҽ飬ȥҩŪĲҩһҽ֢Ĵ
ŵķɫ±ģȵһױһףһ͵͵¶ֻ·ʤ
ʵҸĻ֮ϣȼûʲô
ոյɸ봫飬Ǹӵģŵϵãβһ죬ȰϵͲķʽҲرݾõŸ롣
ŵ鸵վſüţʱţǱߵķ˻һˣӦĺƯʾѯʸһİš
νжʱ䣬Ȼ²ݣһʱǿ϶߲ˡ֪ûǻؾȥǵ˻ϡ
ǰߣʱ仹ԣǺߣɾҪץˡ
һ仰˵Ĳ١ô˴ƫƧ֪٣ȷʵʱֵĺʱ
㣬ţȻϵͳ߽Ҫ֣̽ҵʱ䡣
ſڣŵ΢΢˵ӣת⣬ֱ˵ǡ
ѽ˵öʱ䡣
ŵ촽һ㶼Ͽᣬ첻㣬ʲô
ϵͳߵôͻȻﻰ˼Ѹ֧ߡ
ϾΨһͼµѣûмҪ£ϵͳʱܳ
ŵЩ²⣬УԵȣתת飬ôóȥ
ϵͳ㲻ȥҲа˵岻Ҫţʱһתǽװ˯̸ʲô̸ʲô϶㣬ǲ͵ˣ
ǲС
Ϊʲô
ŵøͣû취飬Ȼ˵װܺðɣڸ£Ầ浣ĵġ
ˣԼ
Ų𣬸ߣŵȰϵͳˡתǰ
Ȼǣ֣磬ǻϾ˽ô
š
ǽȥ
ѷԸǰ
סΪʲô
ŵ룬ԣǻĶݾش߾д˶᲻˵Ļɣ
䴽һŵԴŵŵôʼЩˡ
Ц㲻زģֻıǡҶᴦõġ
ĻǰĹ˵ֻǣÿջϲЩڰµ飬ҲҪ
˴ŵŵѰҽβ̽һ̽ĮʵòĮĵڶԭ
УĳѴӷĹѳס˱⿪ʱʵб߾УĮΨһܹĳͥʵʵĽսʮĽֻʽ΢ѵͷ
֮⣬Ҽ޶Կ޶Կĵ
Ȼʵ˰ѿأҲűĮʵֻܷ̽ġŵŵʼͷһ⵶ĻءǿصļǵһˣһӴ֯
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ţ
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ŵСظǸ⡣
Цá
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΢Цһ£ܿͺá
Ĵֲɿĵ۾װǰ㣬лл硣
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ûٳԸĳʳ̫ʲôݣϴžûĶ
ӰЩϲӣ̲סЩյա
ɵӣָʹɻôϲ
ղסЦ⣬ԼһԽԽ̲ס¶һŽ׿ɰݡ
ȿȡ
ȻϵͳһɤӵΪʲôûܹˣΪҺáлл㰡
ŵգգ۾֣飺СʯԽԽˡ
ҵϵͳ˵ܸմߡ
ŵЦôС㣬ʱ䲻࣬ǸϽ˵£ôңǲǲȵüĿˣ
˵£ϵͳͲˣšߴô죬һЩ쳣Ѿˣóһ¡
֮ǰ׳һ⣺㣬Уûﲻף
е񾭲ŵʶķӦѿڶһ˵ҿ϶֪Ķ࣬ҷһ㣬һֱ˼ҸоΪԶСġŪɤòΪҲĿǡǡڸԼЩбʶȵڣĻôǵĳпϳ
ϵͳһȷʵɡҴǶȿѳΪŹ£ôʲôֻ֮ǰĺӰȣȻɵˡ
ŵ֪εСʱҲز
֪ԼѩǵһЩ飬˵Сܺãк𣬼ǵȵҲΪ档
ŵɫЩȻֻǵ̫СˣۣٻҲܿĹ˵ΪĳĶ䣬ߣûȵֱʡ
ŵ̲ס㶼鵽ʲô
ϵͳҰǵ˲ŷ֣ԭСʵǾԸֻдǸŹ¶һūתѾ㹻ûдȥϾǸάģάģܶԲ߼ѭ
֪֮ԭѩϪĳʱСֻװİص˽Ϊ
ʯ䣬Ǿ䡰Ϊͱĥˡڶ߻صŵ˲ͨ£
Գĺⲻһ̡˵һֱΪѾˣôû顣ǲǡ
ѩϪ֮ԱʮҲ˵ȲδôΨһָŵĻᡭ
ŵǲǵɽ⣬ƿһ̣Ⱥеϳʱ֪ţ
ϵͳ˵ԡٿȵƽ
Ϊ˷㣬
ȱӣѾ˶ʮꡣ֮ǰĹһƬհףû֪
ﳶһߣ˵ʮǰĮһ׮永ҷı汻ųնҲϵͳԿϣͲ˷ֳѾãֻƬ˿ҵСѣ껹δڣļֻϲѧΪҽ
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ңô궼޶ǡǡǼǰനӡȻȫ϶ӺйأЩɵ˿˿Ƶϵмû֣ܡ
ŵ˼·תĺܿ죺ֲҾ׼Щ٣ҲЩĶӦനϾ˻Ǳߣֻǳûȥôļƻ
Ǳߵļıʩչֻ취
û
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ֻǺ
ʵ̫ϸŪְＸ̤ƽĮͷȴԼļҹ
Ҳ㡭˵Įˣĸףֺƴ
ˣĳ֮ӻǱĮӣʲôūںֻһ˺ܶܶίͨˡԺֻļˣǰá
ŵѹϧŴע鱾ϣĿǰ黹ͨ˳һЩϸʱ벻ףڲ׷Щʱ֪ԺлѩϪòһЩǡ
ŵ˫ֽգһ飬ڵ
̫ΣˣҺͳգֻﻢ£֡ȵɹ
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һȰżٳȡСʯǰЩӸ˵Ǽ뷨ûʲô·֣
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˶ϵͳŪЩ, վܵ⿴ûʲô綯Ӧòô죬ʱ仹ܳ㡣
صҪģŵת˸Ȧ, ˫ȭ, ղס, һܵݶڽҵȻȤӦ˵µģ
ϵͳܶӣҾ֪Ҫǰ·ǰ˵, 㻹иղŵȵ𣿡
ʱʲô԰
ŵ˵˵
ϵͳ, ǰϸҿʱ˵ΪҲΪҽ, öҩַ붼Ҫ롣ҹ۲أصĿ, 淢һõط
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鵹Ѱ졣
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ȻѵãɻǾЩ̫ȫˣСʯƻãҲáҪ̫ðˡ
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ңұ֤µģҾ֪ᵣģѾ˺ܶϣȻ˵ܻЩСˣôû˵ˤˣôôù˵书ѵôͨϰ𣿡
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ϵͳ˵еģô˵ȥû֤İȫϵȷʵǺܸߣο֣ӦܱԼ
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һ°ͣ˰죺ˣҳɹҲֻ֪Ҫ˶ţġˡҪϢҪһʱ䣬̫ˡٵ죬ʸ˵Ǳߵķ˻ѾɨĲˣձŴϹϡǸʱ˾Ͷˡ
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ŵһţȾҲ̲ס𴽽ǣͷһһжˣҲͲƣֻҪΪˣɣǵ͵͵ȥҳʱͲĿˣҲڱҿԸһ࣬ӦòᡭҰȥɡ
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ŵȻ֪жЦֻҪҲƭԶ̹ϵס
ᣬһס
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ϵͳӦͷİɽ㣬֪Ƕ£κβġֻܺúıһ£ǵƵʱǧԥԭüһҪһγɹ

ŵΣƻĺ󣬾һֱڵȴᡣ
ЩӹƽϷ棬ұԼеĻҪԼܳסʲôҲʣλҲѵȵʵʵʦϰҽҲΪһӡ
Ȼϲ˵ŵԴȽ״˵ô˺ʼĵǲѣֻĬĬԼļ尾ˡ
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޷ܾκֻһ˫Ĵ۾¶ڴЩģҲɵ˿ڡ
ãѵúȷʵ䡣ʹ׿ϣǱȥɢô
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ˣݵ֪ˡҡҡͷЦԭȥ档
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̶ΪԼˣʡԼһ࣬ŵһټƻΪֹеʮ˳ͿԼˡ
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ŵǱˣġġҲ֪ǡ桭Ǳһ㡭
˵λɫ˰ףԲģú룬滹Ǳ棿ߡѵ𣿡
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һ磬ҲҲһ˴
硭ŵᣬȻһֱõ֣ʼձ󣬡ҿ֡
ֽסԼȫ˿϶ˣŵϣȥҶδЩҩɴ
˵һƿޱվҪܣס䣺á
԰׵Ѫɫգ۵ζ鼷ѹ࣬ҵû£һ£ްġ㡪
һ㡣
΢΢šüصţˡ
ܲƿޱôڷҪܳȥһղ˵ô࣬ȫ˵ˡ
ôϸĺǻŽĺһ㣬ôҲҲɫ»ϲ档
ȴˡ
ŵһ˫ٵ۾Ҫ˵Щʲôﻹϸ᣿ֱӽٴηŻصϡ
ֻǲˡڿһֺ޲ýҲκ˺Լ顣
Ѫ˿һŵϸĲʵ̲סҧһڡ
ֻǿ׺ݣʵֻһ¡
ҧ֮ǻû٣ļϧ̾ŵļ£ǰһ㡣
ŵţ֡
û¡
ɡ
ŵŵҪ
Ƥ˴Իᴦ㲻ܷˡĴӲ֪ұװ׽㣺ܿ࣬׶Ĵ̹֮ʹʤ֮ǧ򱶡
Ӳѻ˵ʰףóŵ
Ȼо޴Ŀԣ´ӱϿĴŶԷȴûܵκָ𣬻οǻ
ȥøҩҪۡ
ŵιŸ½ǣ磬㲻Ҫôᣬ˵ˣ㲻Ҫʲô˵ôѵңҪ䡭
˵ʲô
䣬ã˵
ͷ̾ʳָĶͷӲΪԼʧ£ɵ
üĿȥϧѹھΣ֪ҵŵŵʲô⣬Ҳϡ
С۾леˮ⡣̲סЦһ¡
գЦвΣұ㡣ֱΪֹ
⻰˵꣬ŵҲûתĿ⡣˫ڰ׷Ĵ۾·˵һ㣬ȡζ
һҲˡ
ֺֺЦǿ԰׵Ŀ᲻˿һ֪ԼŻ
ǷţĬĬ롣

ͬʱʺԭҩǵķߡ
ϲŸҪҩɴжλּһҩǸŵȵġ
ŶһԲǰߡ
ԭָ˺üβ磬ôӣԭ˫ֲôˣҸ˵һֱʲôأ
ʵĽŲȻֹ
վԭĬһ˲عͷ췢£ʲôүĹεȸһˣô붼벻ףΪʲôʧ¡
ž˵һʳһȻô˵ƾ޾ݣǶһͬȥ
ãסڰ㣬ԭšüΪһ·ڰ
Ϊʲô˼ǣүĹǵǷ켫Ȼ˵˵㣬Ҳ̫Ȼʧ׹¡ǷˡΪһͬȥģͻŵŵЩ˰ɣ
ʳĬһô֣
ԭֵҲ˵˵ŵŵûദôʱ䣬ʲôѵ㲻֪ʲôү㿴ܵġʲôˣ
˵еԼǵҲûдҡҡͷ޲޹ģҪóһ̬ɡ
ԭЦүû˵ʲôأⶥñӵȿˣƾʲô
Ҳ㳳̾˿Ķһͱ˲һ
ǰ䣬ԭҲ˵ˣĻ𣺡ʲôĶͱ˲һ̫ԼˣүԼ飬ʲôϵ
үԼСôǹغĴ£үҶɽûıֱͦ
һ˫أ˼ϵ⡣
ԭ˼ҵȻүĶ飬ÿÿ˵Ļ˻ţ˿ĿĶҪȥ꣬үű˻Ҫܣ㿴أŵŵıҪôͲأ
ʵ˵Ǹϸء
ԭֿҲֻү
ҡҡͷŵŵģദʱȣ̫ˡǺܺúܺõˣֱ̹ңڳϽ꣬˭ɹ
˵Ҳɡ
֪ү飬ߣ˴ŵŵѰҽҪ԰ɡԭ˵ҿԭƽԭˣ̷ڣǶΧӵģӦǱӰµİɡ
ֻʡ
ԭһؿһۣ˭ˣҲŲϡ֪أֻ㣬Ȼү϶ᵥټ㡣ȵʱ˵ûûݰŪŵŵǷǣҿ϶ûꡣ
һ֪ˡ
۹һʣµ·˭Ҳû˵
ź㿴ŵߣ˰ý˵Ż
ǽŵæֱӣһ˵ҩɴҡ
ԭֵݸ
ŵСл˵ҩ鼫棬ԴһʮҪ飬еעڸϣû˼ԵĶ
˳ĽҲ΢΢ţ׾СǶȶɫ˸оѹ
ԭײײʣζɤӣǻӦ
üĿЦŵ΢΢˵ᴵϴָ΢΢£ڳſûԼЦ
ŵϸΪɴ󣬸ȥҩιҩŵҡҡͷԼ룬ܹԵͷȫˡ
䴽õֻһա
ŵŵϢһ£һٻ㡣
ԭ֣ԭӿڣŵŵ
ͷŵԴվ΢΢̧֣š
ᣬŵ˸תϸ
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55 ʥһ
ͥԺסŲ
ʸ, Ǵӻȡ˴Ͻ˷˵ľڸүĿ
ӹüƽΣ˻Űȴͬɢɳ, Կó, ´ĺܺá
æҵ
ŵӷ򿴹ȥһ, Ȼ֪ȴԲɵѹͼ
ǱӰ̽, кν
ǱӰݾİ, ƽصļײͷ¶棬ԭ㱨ӦɸӦĶӳ̷˵, ھԼĸۡڻҲΪɿ
ʵү, ǻڱĮϸ̽һصϢȴЩһĮˮʲôʲô
Ȼֻǳ̽, δ, ǿԴסĮûгʲô, ٻºȨԶԶȲ, ǵĻʵͳ±ĳ, ѷɫˡ
ס
һᣬҼǵ, Į, һǻԶס
, Ȼո¶ͷ, Ϊɾ»ԸȥǼ׷飬ڵס
üͷšʲɵö˵һ䣺үȻͬٮٮߣԶԶȲϵ죬ңĮĻʵ۽ȨյĺֲӦҲûлᡣ
ظϣ
üƺЩת˲ָֻƽӡ
ʳԲ׼˼ͷϵƹ췴Ȼ󹦰ܴɣҲ˱ĮԪ¹ȥʮ꣬ĮҲԻصʱĶʢʱڡ޼ĳӦᱣˡطâҲЩ˵ȥ
ɫδٳ
ʵĻĮжмλڵһһֻǵײ̫ţҪһ飬͸ĵײġ
Ҳ̫űĮʲô
ɡǱĮܱСȴ־Դںη
Ƭ̣ԸĿĪҪֻڳϣҰ֮Ҳϸ顣
ֲһ䣬ûľɲ
ǡ
ûʲôٽģͷתȥæү
ͷк£
ԥ
֪Լ˲ϻۣĪ˵үҲԶԶˣǲµѡҪڸߡ
ԼԲò¶ۣһ룬Լ͸ô࣬ô˵ҲǺõġ
ţɴ˫ϥأҧҧүˡ¶졭ʧ֮°˼⣬ֻүСġ
ԭֶѹ㣬Ϊβ
ʾһ˲¡
ɡ
ԭκ˽ֻͣǼŵŵ˻ɣⲻþиţ֪ԣβᷣ㣬´ΣҾġ
ֻ֪Ҫѻ˵㹻ףʱִеף޳ɣ˵ģܺҡ㡪
šüŲʣһ붼ûĻ˵ȥĿģҪءҲֻԼ¡㣬ȫݾֺ
һۡ
ѷ֪ˡ
δٶ˵һ䣬ֻػشǡ

ŵһ󲡡
ִƻȫԸܻȵס·ƴܣ嶼Щܲסοʱ
Ǻ˷磬ټеĵǽţѹţϱ㷢˼Ϊյĸաһ϶һ£ȺתʱѾ쵽ˡ
ʱȻţȴҲ֪Լϸĺǻչš
Լʵ̫ˣúֲģһ󲡣ȴĲ
ŵתͷҲѵĶࡣʱˣӴ
Сʯ۾нϵͳ
ϵͳĺܿ죺ڼˣǰӿɸŻˣҹݵߣҲ㡣ûãͦˡ
ţڸоöˡ
ŵһͷŨܵڷɢţֽ̧ǰϸͷҴڶ
о̫ԣա˵ָվҲ֪Լƺݵ
ϵͳһ£ٴοڣõӣ㣬ȻǵһμƻʦҲҪ̫ϡô˵ûΪָ˿㻹ǰһԡһҪţ뿪㡣
ŵһ
Ȼɫ԰ףĿȴܼ㡣һ;ûϵҲΪһʧܾ;ɥ·Ҫȥġ
ֻǾöԲһ겻񣺡㲻õҵ״ֻ̬֮ǰᶨҳʧˣûʲôֻԺټƻҪӽСģ±ҪɹҲſԸ̹ȥԭ򡣡
˵ϵͳȫҾ֪Ҿ֪ʲôˣ㣬˵ʵȻ˿ΪֹһǾ뷨סǲ֪ΪʲôҾһԳɹ
ŵϵͳ΢΢Цһ£ָ侲ӣҽΪ鲻ãҷһе¡
壬ʵЩ̫ˣһ֮ҸоĵҾ²֪ʲôʱ򣬵ˡһôˣ񣬾ҲɣҲˡ
ϵͳȻŵ˵ԡڵŵĲˣԲܳܵס
⣺Щ㲻°ʱһ꣬һʱ䣬ֵǿԱ֤ġǱ߲ܷôͼĴ󡭡
ŵЦһ
ĿģϸݵȭЩɵСˣˣʲôѲãȫǳǹģ϶óдһô壬һ֪Ҷס
ѾЩˣڶһˣЩˣҲһ¼תֱ¡ȻЩܸоǰӿա
̶ֳܵȣǴһʼǹġ
ʱҲֻһʱƣԽԽ
ȻϽϵĳ⣬ܽо鶼˨סġϾѼİֵ޷ݺôԼѳ飬еͨ
ǴϺ˿̶Ըİŵ޲ڻȥҪΪҵļƻô岻ҾԲưոݡ
û˵꣬һҵĿԡ
ϵͳ̾ѽˣ֪ô㻹ôⲻôģ
ŵȵӻ˰Żھʮֵ򶨣κʵڲ
Ҳٶŭˣƽһ˵һɣͻᱻҸڴ֮ǰ£Ҳ鷳ҾԲ鷢
ԣڲʣµʱ仹ж೤Ҳ֮ǰѸáǵʱûôˡ
˵ֻ˵ԽԽá
ϵͳظԽԽáԽԽáҲҪȻᰡ
Ȼ˵һʧˣһѵõĺûᡣ
ŵ˵һ취ġ֮ǰЩڿвͨˣö̫ױ֣Ӧ취ϵѩϪǱûʲôᡣ
ϵͳƵһ
ʲôӦϿɣŵԼĲȫ棬æʵôˣǲﲻװ
ǵǣѩϪӦбһǸð취ϵͳ˵ǡҾý̫ˡ
ԭΪŵ˿
ʲôࣿܲʲôźµͷϡֻΪԼŬ¼ΪԼıҸܿܿһûв
ҡŵ΢΢ЦĿɫ᣺Ҳֵ࣬ΪȫԸ
ڷ֮󣬻Ųɣϧǻ˳֮⣬ҲҲڶˡ
˸ý飬ŵͷݾפӪҿûкѩϪߵĻᣬҲš뷨Ǿ͵һʱϵԷ
ϵͳӦŵ˵
ҩʱ㿴ϸֱ۱ϥǣԼųһСſڴͷ
ŵóſڶ̧ͷų
ôã⻹ʱһʱ֪ԼмֲݣȥҲˡ
ŵʶ硣
ڿŵʱһᣬỽԼۡ
æ߽ҩȷ£СŵŵǲǸоЩˣ
Ĳӣһһ
ŵ̧ͷǰµ鷢ֶ۵İ׷һ᣺磬Բ𡣡
Ϊʲô˵Բ𣿡ü΢š
ŵҲ˺óʱ䣬ô࡭
΢ʳָߡ
̾ϧز˲գҲҪ𣿡
ǰһŲ԰㲵СϸϸĵǸͷ·һ⵶ؽ۵ԸӡˣӦɡ
֮£ϸҲ̫⾹ͷͬȥ±ߣûչ˺
ȴ˵Բ
Ȼףŵŵᣬյ²СӰֲôʱ䡣
ԼΣ⣬ͬ
Ŵ£ŵһŵӱУŵŵǸɵжãҺúô㣬Ӧ㲻ҪǼҸ˶٣ǲ̫࣬ûб࣬ôûԼΪҸ٣
ҲЩҲҪ㡣
ŵŵ֮䣬ƽϡ
֮䣬ƽϡ
ŵȻһᣬͷ۵׵˺󣬲ųִ
黤ССһԼߣü𴿾ϢϢ֮䡣
ŵС˵磬۾

ŵĴСС£սͷһڸıϡ
һȫȨ֪ôнڲûȫã廹ЩǵĺܻȴҲϸ¡
ʱļңǸʥ׼õֻҲ
֪ʹ˿Ĵݣӡ촽ϸϸ棬ãֻıȾһƬ΢΢ˮǳ졣
סϣԽ߬Խ
ʼԣֻȵʱϧᣬֻֿɰ
ʱƣĴһһ㱻޷Ŵ󣬼õĲһ˿.ɶ˵ҲԵֵò̼ܸоѪҺŵ»㼯
ʵ̲ˣ΢΢࿪ͷĴĲһƬ΢顣
Ȼ㣬Щԣ㶼ȴֱסӡ
ŵŵǸʲôأƣ
ŵûԼòĻÿһζҪǿң
ֻ㣬ĺܰ㡣
ϣˡ
֪һҲûйԼֻΪʱգʶԱӦ
ǣԣϣʲôΣվأҲȥԼΪ
Щעֻܵȵ˵
ԵȣлЩίʵ̲ס޵һǱһ˵ɡ
ŵո׹˵ĴٵĽ죬γ˫е洿⵽˼¡⸱ģûøĵİ.ȥԽԽңԭ֮Ƴļ䡣
пЦ˼Ⱦ˳ȴ
ŵŵЩҶ֪ĲûãҪ۵ˣԣϢһ
ļɻȥŵȴס֣Ҳ۳磬ѾúܶˣڸоҲЩ˺ܾãʵڲˡ
ֻ밲ڸߡȻ٣ᶨȥҲԼȻİмȡ
ŵţ򸵳ϿȥڸϣЩز˲䡣
ɢͷȥӵ޺ѩڷ촽졣˿֪Լ⸱ģ׾˵.
ĺȻһңԳּ
ŵŵ㡭
ŵСԴһ䣬ͷ
űòĻûϨ½һϸСĶҲȻ
ֺֺЦѾٴˣŵŵķԼ˵̫Ķ֪ۺʱ̣
Ȼ̣ôκһί
ⲢͲ尾ҪѹԼȫЩжסϾ˿ߣѾϸ
ѾܵˣŵһСھϵķβŵŵŮӣҪѧᱣԼͲһ̲סô죿
ǰѻ˵ĺˣĳĽ
ŵգգ۾ˡ
ϢճȣŷԼѾò
粻ͬ˼Ҳر𣬶£ŵʵ⡪˵һĹȷǶ˾Ǳ˴˵ΨһбˣҲܽԼ֮κһˡ
ȻˣǺںǰ
̵࣬ŵһ˫Сֱסխʵʵ˵磬ʵҲ⡣ģⱲӶǣʲôҶԸġ
л˵
ǰʮףıС֣Ϸıӱ𼱣ף


56 
һ, ˫е΢΢Ц⵭˼֡
ŵŵ˵ʲô
ŵ⻰Ҫظһ飬ЩΪģ, ҵ˼˵ұҲҪԶһ, , ѽ
Ŀ⽥ԳЩ
˵Ļ, ȴ˿ûϲ, ˣлһ˿ŭŭ֮ףӿۡ
ʱ, жᰵ˵ǰ۸, ǻȥ
һ룬ŵŵûûϡͿİԼ絶۳ŵŵ, ôܱ˶Դ
, ղԼ, ޱŵ, ˲δԼһĻ, ͲܶίĵطЩ˵, ѵû˽Щô
ЩͷֻԺд˸ת, ֻҪһЩ
ŵֳ˻ȥ, վ, ˡ
Źڴһ˫޹۾ЩɻԼĹ
ŵŵҲŽ̹Ҫ֪Լתͷ˵Ļ
ɫ䵭ЦʱѹȸС
ŵһ˫СЩ޴ؾ½ǣղ˵Щʱûôֻ࣬ǶӡһҲȻȻ˳µ顣
ȴû뵽ķӦ
ȥָǡ֪ңҲŻô˵ġڱǰҵȻ֪ҪԼǣ㲻Ǳ˰
ףҲֻΪ̫ԼԲԸµݣ˼ȥҲ֪ô
ֻ˵磬Ҳãòá
޿κȥ
ԭҲöֻ˵Ļʵϧ
ŵڻУıϸ˸ԲŵŵҷŻ˵ǲǣ
ŵæҡҡͷ
ˣüĿҲøҴĴ⣬ûһ㷢˼֪ұض㡣
ŵƵһ
ĺǻûޡÿÿԭİ⻹һ㡣
ͷ˵֪˳磬Ժ󲻻ˡ
Щɥӣӿϧʵγ֪ŵŵϻۣǰޱΣ뵣ƭȥ
̵ͦıǼ⣬Цް취ֻܲԼòҡ
ŵЦˡ
һۣ˭ãҡ
˵Ȼõģֲǲֻתһ룬⻰˵϶ǵˡ
鶯Ц֣ߵͳǷš
ֱϣ̵Ϣ׶պף˵Իֻ
ŵ΢΢۾˵Ĳ¶˲˼֣ԭҲȫ˾ӵס
ֻ˵һ䣬ܵͷȥ˸һԵҩ룺
ˣҩһӦòˣȺҩϢһ°ɡ
ŵͷûøιԼҩ뽫ҩȵһβʣ
ɴ࣬οͬʱҲϧŵŵ㲡ŵЩӣ˵Щ˼·Խⶾ
˶ҶὫãպٲЩҩ
ŵ̲סЦصһ漴գգ۾뵽˵պ󣬺Ȼһ
磬ҡһ㡣
Ҫʲô
ŵԥһ£Ŵǡ
ʵϣϵͳһεƻΪ˿ʱڵ㣬еıȽϲִ١еʱ䶼ụ̀Լʱʵûʱȥú˽⡢ȷϸ˼
ĵĿ£ŵ˵ֻ֪㲻ˣҲйܳҰЩµȨǶԶ볯ã᲻ᡭ᲻Щġ
䴽
ԥ죬ŵŵֻ㣬ôһ죬֮á
ŵЩ㶵
̧֣ȵգȨλ縡ƣ޸УΪᷳҴС
һ£ŵȦڻУϡǶȣŵı顣
ֻͳҴСȨУų𺣣Ԩ֮ǿԹƽҵŵŵһ¡Ҳõ顣
ŵţһʯͷصͬʱȴĻ̲סϧ
˵ų𺣣Ӧ֮ǰ󲻳жࣻԨ˳ɱǳΪ֮ڰӣÿһ춼ĥ尾
ŵһ˫Сס֪ˡңһ߾ȫ㻶ϲġ
һ˫أ˿̵ĸȴ޷εĺ壬ֻ΢΢Цŵͷǡ

ֹգŵһӱ㿪ʼ
Ƴνҩ飬з˼飺һȻææµµʳԻѰҩʵϲûĸʲôҪ£ѾϺȻôã˿̺Ȼ̶ܴȺ֮ǰµйء
Ϊ£ŶԼĿЩĹۡ
ǶûнŵҲŲµõɴǰֲ֣ȫȷϾһǰȫûзԼѶ˺
һ򲽽ģԼľٶ޴Լ΢Сɱ
֮Σж΢ʡϾҪĲǸô򵥣Ҫңʹࡣһ򲽽㵱ĳ£ȴҲǺ׸ưոݡ
ôһνĽҩͺѰζŵȻԼҪɱľģܴʲֶΣҪԼȨ
һգȶŵŶλҩʸһ֡
ЩҩŵҲϵͳæȻҩƫҩҲ棬ǿûʲô⣬ƺʵĺö
ڵĶȻҪأԭͲ֪ʱֹͣʱ̣ҪССġ
֮Щҩ׶ΣŵŶλ£ٹ۲۲죬ˣƴǡλҲûʲôֻΪԳԿҩҲЩ̣ȥˡ
ŵŵѾˣһֲͬļҩһԣλ˵ֲһ䣬¿࣬ҲöȣҲǺȾءֻܷܵסǿԵþ翪ʼⶾˡ
ҡҡͷΪεؿһۣ㻹ᣬ֪ⶾҩûԵʲô࣬⸱ĵӣġԺܿˣǿǺã
ŵؾᣬЦеĻش𣺡δ磬Ҳϰô˵ģ
гǸģҪ޳˰ɣ
ŵŲǣҪȤ
λ´Ϊ𾪣ÿЦðɺðɣžʩҲŲ֪ۡһԹ԰ҩˡ
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Ŷλµͷһ£Щ̽ʣºҪɣȻҲôˡ˻֪֪ʲôʱߣ
ŵ.УǲЩģ
λЦЦţһ㡣Ҳ֪ʦ˼ϲ徻һ˶ˣȻ˵ҲףݾûפڴˣЩ롣ǡϾһ֧ѪӣǵϢһҲ֪ô˵
룬ȻǷƽ˾ڵʱ򣬾ͳɢ񵭸Уֲ˷ɵİ
ŵȻס
߻ȴûϹǱߵĲǰ׷ˣˣ˻ݾֵ˹Ȼǳȥβɵ¸ˡ
ֻݾڵЩʱգ԰ߣļŻѪɡ
ȻЩֻԶλ»Ҫ˼ĸܣŵǸȻЦЦʵʵ˵ˣЩҲ˵ǾʲôҲǺ˵ش߾Ҷ̫ô
Ȼλ°ڰֻ֣һ˵Ȼأֳ֮£ǿԹʵģʦҲס˵
ЦЦͲ˵ݾڴˡԳаҪ飻ֻȻ뿪㼸ʱ£չˣҲǼҪˡ
˵ģ⡣
ȻŵֻЦЦû˵ʲôȴ̲סЩǣ˵δ˵еţҲȫȻЦԼµĵƺڲʲôѰʱɫȷʵЩء
ǴӾǴ֪ܳʲô֮¡
㻹ϵͳ˵׼֪
ҩѼϣһɬҩζλ½ãŵŵҩҪһɵҲģҲı¶
ŵ֮ãΪְҵ϶ȵɹҩζţմȾʲô鷳̵ͷѽʲô£
λһصЦЦվתߵԡ
Ӵ󣬷ҲѲ޵鷿ȻЩʲôܷ㡣
ŵŶλ߹±ߵһóһ
δϲĹˣŵֱӰԡ
㿴ôʱȥʶʲôλ̿ŵһۣһֽ⿪ϲŵĺչֽǹô
ŵͷ濴
ǳɫĻֽϣһλ信ʵӣüĿ߱Ǳһּ䣬··ʾѡ
ֻһŵ̲ס̾δ磬ҾûԭĻá
òϣλµıʴдʵ˷ǿЩʱҲʵﹹ컹ɫʶϳˡȻ˿۹⿴ıʷЩŵΪˣȴܿ񹦵
λüЦŵŵѵҡҵıʷû͡Ҫô˵ͳһأҲ޹ҵġ
ŵͷɣǾˣ籾ڲͬ
ţҲһ䣬ðɡλЦЦĿػϡ
ŵҲٿһʱкȻһ⡣ʯ䣬գգ۾ʣΡδ磬⻭ϵ˸òʦɣ
СǴλһϲŵţлЩǡô˵ʦѵһӣûƭɣ
ŵ
ûƭĮһ򰮳ˣȵòȷʷǷǡ
λ»˵ŵŵʦұضҪúһТġֻ˼Ϊ˵ʲôҲȱرϲ֮ãôԶԼˣܸסЩʲôֻǲ֪뷨òãĴֵĺܣŮӣ뷨ϸЩ㿴ô
ҪҲţһҪ»һŻĲãЩȻţûȾ
ֻһŻֽδװѣһ˵һ߽˷ϸ˼ۣŵһߡ
ת˲֮䣬ŵࡣϸϸ˼æδ磬㲻Ҫˡ
λ°һ𣿡
ҡҾòȻ㻹ǻһɣȻҲǺ˽ǡǡŵЩӿ죬ŴǣòӦǲģǿԼõӣ˵ѹǲŪɳ׾𡣡
Ϊʲô
ŵǡԼ뵽ڵ޷ָǲǺѹ𣿡
λ㶣Цԭǹҵ뷨
ŵͷԴ֪⻭ϵȺ޷Զλϸ˵ǣһҪֹλ
Ϊҵ޷λȴûȰİɣʦԺ˵˼ҲУ˽ܿԼǰӣȻοЩڻЩףܽǰòȫƳٹμ꣬ˡ
˵ţȻűˡ۵һƿ
ëȻΣֱŵڻͷ֮ǰʶؽλ·ŷֽ塰ˢһսС
ۼֿ죬ŻͷȻȡ
ȻλºĸȫֻͬǺܸˣʦôͻȻˣ
ȴ.ߵȴǰԹ죬ƽ·
ŵĽ֪Ƿ̫ţ.߱Ѿһ˿ɱ⡣
λû쳣Цţʦҩģ
ԼҪһҵĻң
λһ㶣Ȿص˼ôͽЩ˼ͷȷʵǡ
㲻ػˡ
һһ٣Ҳ뿴һʦͽԵֱʹ˶Ͼ
⻰ءλµɫ˰ף̹֣ǣͽǡ˾ͽ³çʦ𷣡
ȳĬһᣬȴû˵ʲôֻ˶λһۣɨɨŵĿɫ˦ȥ
ߺΣλ²ЩӦһ⡭ԭʦ˷УҴûôĻ𣬿̫򵥡
ŶԶԣѸղš
ŵ̧ס죬⿴һۣҡҡͷѹδ磬ǷõĻǲǣ㿴ʦ֪ѾһҪյҲġװʲô֪⻭Ұ㴦ʦ֡
λµȻŵùŵмúúã㴦ãԼ޵㣬ǾͰˡ
ŵͷĵСôĻ𣬿ǼΪϲһ͵δ֪ô
֪֪ҵȻ֪λæͷŵŵɶ㡣
ŵЦ¡
ͷһҩޣδ磬￴ҩȥҳ硣
λĺܴ󣬸ոձʦѵ⣬ûƵģ˼Ȥ⼸ʱ
ŵֻõͷš
úúãȥȥɣǼǵùһҩ

һţŵžԼֽű
ŻֽżЩ˵¶ȣֵɽ󲻹ˡ
ŵһһߣλµ˿̣˿֪ԼֶΣգȴĺܡ
Ϊǵ֮ǰԼסŪɤӡΪɵΪһ棬ϳӶΪԼɱ֮
ڵ֪λ»ȺЩá
˭֪УȾȻڴ˿·Ȼݺݳ˶λ£λҲٻǣȷӦһԼѱ㱩¶Ŀ΢΢
Ǹӡ
ƫִˣŵΪʦͽŹλ£˲ȫġ
֪֡ʱ֣ȷǣԲŹλ¡
ӽӴȵǳ˽⣬ղ֮ûֱɱֻ֣ǲݾߣӶ𸵳Ļɡ
ֻҪɱˣϢöλϣȴ֮?
ڣ֪λѻһִ̫ٵ֡ռȻԥ
ŵӿŲѾ˲κˣҪ̽ø
л˵
ǰʮ~ԼףϷıС֣ٺٺ٣



57 
ŵһ˫С߬ȭ, ͷǰߣȻϵͳס㡪ȵȡ
ϵͳ˵ŵҪģǰ˿, վӰУôʲô£˵, ںܼ
, ղŵҶˣҪ˵ľǲѻø㲻ܸ, ̫ˡ
ŵֻŶλΣ, 鼱֮û̫࿼ǣϵͳ˵̲סüΪʲô
ϵͳ˵밡, ȵıƶϳ, Ҳͷ˵ȺҲΪо顣ڽø֮󣬱ض˺, κ, ô, ֻ̽ôԴأ
ϵͳ˵һʱ, ŵѾ˼ˡ
㶵ü, ϵͳΨһƺͳ룬ڰ, һʶαװ, ̼޲ߡЩе, ݾǰҲɥĲ, ǸʱôΪ㱣ܣضὫûжʧгߣ˵֮˵¡һ˵һóʲô֤ݣٿĪ磬͸֮ô죿
˵ȷʵеҲֲܡŵʣʲô취
ϵͳΨһ취ʲôλ˵Ϣյ͵´û
Ҫ֣飬ҪɱλҲɱϢ˿καȻļֻҪԼ飬ҵȸɹ̹˵˵ʱҲҪλһڡʱʰȣʦͽڣе¶ȥˣǾͿǵȥ
Ҳû룬ŵ˵
ҲôʲôҲ֪ԼģҲ֪λΣգȴĿ鷢
ϵͳɸ֣ôˣˡ˲о仰˲ΪôŬΪıһ͸ĽλºĲʲô㣬㲻Ҫʱòã
ŵϣⲻ
ܸȻҲ硣
˵ǾҪһ硣Լе˸飬ƽȵģʻģݼ̤ġ
ŵ˵Ϊ͵˽ΪԼɡλ»ͣȫΪǡҶԶλ¼ȣϡΪ׷Ҹϱ˵ԺôܻҸ
Һͳ֮ĸɸɾһѪ֮ܵԶһȥĶλ£Ƕֵġ
ϵͳû뵽ŵôѾϵȻҡ֮£һ£ڲȣ߳ŭ㣬ʧȥ˸Σһˡ
ġ
ôʧȥأŵ롣
ֻҪȷеذû˺ôʲô£н͵ء˽һĽ͡
һв̤ܽͣһ·ȴԶҲϴ塣
ϵͳŵ˼ᶨ㻻˸򣺡ǽ㣬û֮䲻죬һƣȻһôλ¼ţ֮Դ
һǶɽʦһؾ֮ĺѣ˵ѡжֻڴˣݾڴˣȸûӮ档ʱڸ£Ƕ֮㳹ѣضᷴĿɳ𡣡
ŵͷһ𣬲ò˵ϵͳⷬȷʵ΢΢ҡΡ
˼ǲת˲˳һ죬ܽᣬ˵ҲǷĿɳ𡣡
Ƕϵͳ˵ҲȰԼ죬Ǵһеģô
ͿȥѻţԹ⡣
Ȼ˿벻ף·ǴģҪȨȡᡣ
ŵϵͳ˵ֱİ壺ҾѶȰˡ
ϵͳٺãҲǾԵ壬ϿɣȥҲ˷ʱ䣬ŵɴȹ
ǰ߼ɼƿ߳Ŀֱ䵽ԼϣƺԼŲġ
ϡ¹£ɫЩء
ŵ첽ȻȻֽУôŵŵ
ŵɣϽóƣǿɫʵû취ɣֻʵ磬ʲôɫôã
Щġ
΢΢Ц£ûʲô
˵ҲʶԼãֻһ䡰ûʲôŵģ˵ĮһЩģҪϸ顣
ŵ㶡
ͷ㲻Ҫ¡¡
Ҳ¡ŵҡͷǳǳЦЦ
ֻЩȡ˼ǣĮһӦʵСŵҧ´˼ǲԴͷǡ
ڲЩʱŵתת飬Ŀ׽ó˵
ŵŵշǽȥ
˵꣬΢΢뱧ŵЦõİסôԼߡ
Ĵȥ
ǣţŵ֪ķ츲أ⼸յϸϸ׷飬Ľǲһ˿˿ĮȷʵһЩ켣ĳϵˣϿʮȴһһͬһ֯ص֯ʵλö֪
װγâڱ
Ȼ־ᶨڵ֪һ𸵳Ҳȫ޿־壬ɰֻһİĹʶķʹʹپһΣ롣
ݣʼˣŵ΢΢๧
ȥɣ˵İ죬мĪݾߡ
˳ǡ
ߺŵŸĿɫЦһ£磬̫ģĮۺϹԶǣһҲܷȥܽġ
üĿºͣͷ
ŵʱ࣬ҲЩȲȥˣգգ۾óǻֽҸ㿴Ȥģǲǵãδ֮ǰᵽǸѵһӣ
ЦչԭźΪҲ޷Ŀݣڶδ续Ⱥ㿴һǲǵȷĺܿ
ݵ˼ǣȴҲüĿЦ˳ŵĿڻֽϡ
ֻһۣüȻ
ŵߣĿøת˲ı仯ȻϢţأǰ廹Ƿɵġһ̣Ϸĺ⼸䵶Ȼʣ˲
ֶ»־ļ߬黭ֽ촽£תͷŵ
Щ죬˫ַסŵ߼ȣŵŵƵĽҩ𣿡
ŵһ
˷·𱻱һ㣬һʧ߬еʹ
æҡҡͷûС
Ȼһиһѽŵڻûкȡáá
ļأ·ҪѪһ㣬һһ¸ĳ֪ڰοڰοԼ
廭һ̣ǻ༸Ҫ
ŵŵˣϺҩͶλ¶ѴҲŵƴǡ
˺һᣬ΢΢ſŵ·ȷ˻һ㣬ŵŵԣڴ˼ҡ
˵ͷ漴תűߣƿľţһףһöźŵżƳա
źŵʽΪ⣬δը죬ֻһХǻսĺŽǣһ𣬺ܶ鶼ȥ޻ء
ŵнŽС΢΢⣬֪ƾʵȸûκʤ㣬ص˵İΣ
ϵͳ˵̽ɥĲȻҲ󲻳Ӵ˿̿ʼҪĵģֻԼˡ
źŵղƬ̣ĶȻŲӴյʱ䣬ʺԭѾѹȹ
ݾѵص̾Ϊֹ׼˵ز䡭֮
ڲЩʱŵʿˮջǰ
վڸ󣬿.£˫Թۡ
Ŀ£ӣΪ֮𣿡
ϰߵɳƵͳһǵĺâժ.ߡ
һԷûһϻ.ߣѾ֪һС
ʯ䣬ͨؽڣԹѪ˫۶ŵ޲ýʬΡ
ȴѵˡʵ޷ϻֱ.ߣ˦һԡ
.һǷڻϿģûκηֱ
Ŀɫ³֣ѡ
֮£ȵĺƵȥԵɲͬĶһ㣬һһ䣬ɭȻ̹ǵĺ⡣
ŵڶУȴÿ־度£֮㱻ūӡĳΪūȵľ֮ǰôСĺӣȴ˿̻δɢֺ鰡
һ̲סǰȥո֡
һұ΢΢̧˵ʱʱ죬˫΢Уһѷذףذ״һּΪ˼ٶȣ˲ȵұۣ
ʱȲҽһϱ۴ѪڻʵĲϣֱֻ۵ڵأմкȻһɫֽ
üҪȥ񡪡

һԭҲֹɵ㣬ⶨǾ綾
ʲʶķӦֺعͷһȡʧһۣɫѲҰվվȣԭֻѹѾ֧̱ڵء
Ѹٵ˺һ½ǽְסõһˡ
ȼȥ԰׵촽˰ΣЦģԽԽͬħһ㡣
̧ѱʪĿޣѩ
һֺ˫΢þҲû˵ʲôĿ΢תءڸԱߵŵϡ
ȶŵȻЦ
û䡭һû䡭
Ц̣ҹˣʶ΢΢ŵסȵߡ
ЦֹŵŵҴһȴ﷭СѾͷϣΪһ׵ķŹô
ұض㸶ҸǧٱĴۡһǶ˶
ĻøĶȻһ
Ȼŵûкҩŵ񶨵Ļش𣬵ֻ԰ģеԽšôʱϳԼݣȴ.̲׼֡ڰԼټöϢֵĻᡣ
ȥֻһԽ׹ֱ׹ޱߵԨȥ
飬޴
Ȼĥ尾ɫʼ侲Գ֣߳ţȥܹѺ󡣡
ãԾ
ͷЦЦ״ƹޡ
ʦٿȻ䣬ЦжȻһλµײײ¥ŲģĿѿǰ档
ȵĿⶸȻ֡Ȼܿ΢΢ͷԳһʮӡ
λûܱ߱㱻ݾ£ʦŲſϱ֮
۵߳ѪɫͷĿѩŸ
Ϊʲôλµź⣬ôˣΪҪʦ˶֣ټݾڴˣѵѵΪЩ
ŵδ硭
죡
λʧŵΪʶ㲻ˡֶβ̣ˣΪĵƣܻȰΪҲžĶ˱˶ԴһԲ
ŵ޲óȥ죬λ¿֮˲ңڲԡ븵ʶѾãſڱ˵ֶβ̣ģʹһ
δ磬ʵ
˵֣ȻǣὫ
˵õңնֱ۵ҲңԹŵŵ޹ء
λ·ŭ֣֮д˴ʦҹУѰҽⶾ֪֮㣬㲻ɷ˵˺ʦһ֮ˡҪ˷ΪʲôΪʲô
ʦ˾Ȼ㡣Ƕ˵˽Թ
λ޷⣺˽Թʲô˽ԹʲôûЩһǰӺ֮£ڷ¥ϡոռõҩҲٰ˼ƳġʹٴĶᣬʦΪ¡ܸһᣬҪر𣿡
·Ҫӡ֤λµĻһ㣬Ϣ֣ƺʹóܲס
ŵȭȵĻλǰҲûѧᡣһ̬Լȥ뽫ĳȫת޵λϣԼδ֮
Խ㣬Խܼλµĺ⡣
ۿȣǾ仰ȥ

λȻ޼ʦͣϱ֮ʹܳܵסΪֹѪ
ȴĮףԻЩ
㡭㡭ã飬㣬ԭΪ⼸ô顢Ҳһ֪λ˵һ𣬵ָŵʱ⣬ѵ漰ԹҲˣֻ֮ʦһ˿ɽ⣬˶ԴˣҲȫȻ𣿡
˵ˡ
ü쳣Ȳ죬ôల£ΪǶΪԷ
һˣϳ
ȵ˽⣬һʼû˿Ϊŵŵβߡ֪Ѿ֡
л˵


58 в
ļ, ٲͶλۡ
ֱӷԸʣιӴȥܣʧ
ʳĬһԲλ¡λ֪, ʧ͸, ֪ġ, ΪŰףҲȰ𣿡
ʵι, үˡ
үһԹ, ±ԭģҿ⡭ϡ
ʶ, 񡣶λнλݾг͢Ҫְ, ѵ˽Щúᡣ
ǰλûκη֮٣ƺ侲ֻ˵á, Ҽˡ
ͳ, Թ֮, ŵһ, ̲סǰ˵
һԲס, ûȥŵŵ, , ̸
ذ׵С, ʹ, ͻޱ䣬˼ƫȲҪ
еԶ׼ŵ˼Ϊѣֻѹͷͷ
תԸǽѺȥλҲɻͻط䣬ʱܡ
޲ȣ˳滰ŵЩɲӣз࣬ŷԼû䡣
ŵŵ֮£ȣԻһһҡǶ𱨣ֻǴĻţαװա
˶٣û˵ЩµĿԡ֤ʵ֮ǰԸతһ̵ľš
ŵ˽ͣһۣǣ΢ָ磬Ϊˣ֪ض³򣬲㡣δĻҲҪϣһʱߣ˵Ĳԡ
ɤůʹλ⣬ֻҪŵŵǡ
סûֻСԴԣԭߴšҳһ͸һȥѰ档
ŵܹԣ֪Ҳ㵣ġ
۾ᱧ˱ϸ
һůŵȴʼһĨš
޷ģȶԹ׷ŹһȥȻ˵ʲô滹ֹ֪⾰
ŵʶ־ס䣬硭
ҡҽı¶̫ԣҿǸ˺ܺ㣬óöһȥҪСģ㡣
΢΢ЦЦüһƬºͬ͡飬ȻͶλͬҲδκεĻӶԶվΪ룬ޱᡣ
̾һ˱
ãҵŵŵ¡
ߵҺܿʲô¶У㰲ġ

ƫƧһ䷿ʱΪѶ֮أ̤ʱȵ˿ѾúðѪ
ɫҰףͷۡ˺񲻼ãȴûιȥ
ſ˽̧ۣ˫۾ѩ
ѩ㵱ǲ
Ϊϱۺľʹÿ˵һ仰Ҫ.Ϣþãͱ˾Ϊǽ񻪵Сһҹϴˢϵֶ򣡹㾹ȻûȻⶼûӲҹĿ࿴
һԲͦΣƣκһɷ
ȿǰɫӣͷ·аѵڸ˵֮ū֮갡ڻʹ꣬ѾҪĥ˹
ЦʱɱãɱðΪƫƫһ֮һ֮͵ĳȥԭΪǸȴԵɺϣ˸ڵĶӣ˵ǲҲ̫ˣ
ûһ֣Ҳ˷ʱ䣬㿪żɽˡҲɱ㣬Ҳĥ㣬װɡ
ȵЦȻֹ
ŵѸʲô˼
ûɱҡҹѵΪĥôסȺȻ˫һĪǡ
ӦȵЦӷʹ·ʹ㡢㾹ΪһŮˣ㡪ΪҪ˿ûзصף
֪
֪ȶĺޣȻߣܲŵŵֵġ
ֻٶȽ£һҲ뵢顣һ˲У֮гѾ΢
ǿԻԷҪĶǱϻ
ǰǰôãǸСڵ״ǲ̫áȵЦֹͣ˼ҵܺ棬ԸΪǸŮ̶ֳأ
Ŀ⻺ڸõϣһЦԼȣԸ𣿡
ֻҪŹԡ
ȥ˫أ
ԡ
ǡ˵ҪȥأԸҽκζ
治ɫȻԡ
аյʱ䣬ȻͷЦ̫ˣ̫ˣ󡭡ֵ˳飬˳飡ҲҪ
ĴЦѰõ˿ڣȥұ۴ѪעȾҴ.ϢŤ
еʹںݺһʼûô˼ǣֱӸŵ˶ĥ˿Ѿʹ飬ؿͷ˰ɣ
ڣ˵ʲôˣȻŵǼ˵Ĺ
ɵӣȻÿһ䶼ԥҲóἴ̾ͿȥֽŻһҪȷʵʵǣԼʲôûüŵ
˾ֺῴǱ֣֮Ƕ˽ԴϲȴĿ
ԡ
جج䣬ͷԺȻһ˿˫⶯˫Ÿ
зĹʣΪҲںˣ㵹ɱ
šü
ӽſʼͲ̸Щû飬֮һм˵˿֪ȶŵŵʲôļ١
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ѹеĽƣ˵øЩϵõʲôҶ㣬Ҳԥ
˴ջǰû¶Ȳı飬΢΢һЦ
ͷ˫ޱȣѩǶ꣬ÿһôȻҲδѵʲô֮ͱǰװˡĸԸĥֶϽϧԼΪԼˣûܻסֻҪȷŵȫһ̣ԥİɱˣĺܡ
ƽ󣬻˵ȴ˵˵㲻⻰˵ˡǿЦעһᱻĸİŮ
ʵɣʲôûΪǸոյһ죬ĬΪԮ֡
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ѩѩʵкĶİĹʲôʱͷΪϵİһ۶ϣϵңƷʹࡣûУⲻǡǡ˵ҵȷδ֡
Цǻ˵ô㣬ôܲأì֮ѵǵãʳǽҩôõĶֻᰡȴȫˡ𣿹ֻһֽ͡ѻΪѣһʹĵôأ
ǽڷףֱϸ𼸵Ϊһô
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ֻǱһԣб𴩵ʱɣǲʹġô㣬˵ٶ࣬Ҳ޼ƿʩʵʵ
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ŵŵûжûʧ䡢ʼƭԼôܣƵĻЦ
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ǰԼǰĵŵŵ¶֣˿̣ıֻ֡촽һ˵֮趼㲻ϡ
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ǿԣŵȻҲ鷳ҡҡͷжߣ˶㲻˸Σաͻȵʱ򣬲֪ﻹж߿ݣĴˣݾضء
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ָҪңǱ̼֣κ˶ϧкܶû֪ԼŸԼ
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λ㡭ԭһѻɱˡ
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60 ƻ2.0
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λڵ뿪ˡڶ층һʱѲӰֻһԲ࣬ȼ䣬ֻ˵˱Ǹ뱣ء
֮ˣĴҲûԣֻһΣĽŲӦǳˡ
Ҳãһ췭ظȷҪʱûа취Ա˴ˣδԶ޷ԡ
źҲõĽ֡
ݾȵĴիһ·мϿനͣפӪ
үҶúˣ߽Ӫʹ̧ͷǽҵĵͼ
ջߣһۣ޴ˣ
ǣѾˣʵ²˵ĵ۵Ĺգүûнʵڻ̿֡
ƽβ㣬ˡ
ʳӦ˸ǣĿڸһֱŵͼϡ
ǰѹʣүҹ𣿡
ٵȵȡ
ʵͷ
գųĮһ㲻ϼǿ󣬱ݾһأӦľʵں֮ڣʮزӡ鶨ƻ׷ʱȻųźűʾ˼쳣̼á
ȺȻȺףϾǶʮֲ˽Ҫɾź÷ġ
ŵͼ˼ԵЩĮϷ˻ֱʣδȥֻĶ֮ãδ֡
Щү°²ʱ緢ȵ˽һү˿ٲˡ
ûʲôϵǼ˧ң㽫˻ȥֻЩˣü۷ЦֻҪˣЩ˽ʲô¡
ʵľϸϸϸе
ֻǡ
΢΢۾һƬĮĵѾ̽ĺ©֮㣬ûκصĿʹ˶ϵ
Ļ֮˲ĳҲڱĮܱСأѰ
нڲصĺܺãһɳȴݣﵽϾһһʱ˵о̽ȡò˶ʱ䡣ڴ˼ȼգǶԷʵǿ󣬶ǡ
Է˵һ룬гɣ̲סʣʲô
Ҿ쵽ݾеڹб֮󡣡
һⲻܰ
ݾĲξѡΣζΪϸ񣬾Ѿ࣬ۺƷÿһʱԻ̲˶ԡ
ǰǱݾһЩ̫ԾˣҪôģɣҪôɴ󣬲Ǻر֣Ưץһ˿סδɫֱա
ǱӣҲҪõġڲ֤׶ΣȷǼ˲޹ٽײ书ˣΨһñǴϢ
ˣЩ˲ȷʵ׳ս
üһ壬ɻүЩǣȻСʵӦбŽˡΪβֱɱˣսپɨȵ̯Ӻֱӻؾα˷ʱ
û̻ش𣬳ĬƬ̡
ЦһǺܴ֮ؼ۷ߣȾۡ
ΨһǣϵˣһѩϪˡȰ²źð졣
һ¾ףү˻ѩϪһʰˡ˿ֻЦʱСʵּѩϪУӣĥйӣʵϻôһ֡
ɫһƬĮȻҲãѩϪˣҲʡġ
Ըȥպ󲻱ضѩϪôҲ̫иֻԿЩ֮пӿֻ꣬ҪСıлɳˡʱõ֤ɱҲʲô鷳
ʸ̱֪꣬ôǣȥ졣

ŵסӪʣȻ˵ŸסӪʣ̽ⶥԱ߽ŸǸʵڸӪһЩ
ֻ¸оô꣬ûй˺Ӫʣ˼ůַ㣬סһЩ
˿Ա£ŵһ˰ӪУȻ˹ʵŹͽյʹ
ŵЦɡ
ʵЩ˼Ҫκһίݵϣʳ΢һȲþǣо֮ʱʹѾϡˡ
һСŵüΣֱкˣɡ
ǡԷͷŶʱȻһ˫һȥӹϡ
æȥֵ֣̿Сһʱʧûȡ
ŵǰһ񣬿˵ûϵģ㲻ýţ𡭡
˵һ룬Ȼһ㶡
Сվͷ˸񣬡лСˡ
ߺŵ촽ԭҿ˿ſġ
Ÿղżʱ˷ĵ
ŵȽϵͳгСʯҿûʲô򡣡
ϵͳЧʵذˣûСӦɨȵʣϾѾԶͻ᲼һôˣ
ŵĦͺãҾǾáӦбǴϢ᲻Щ󵨣˻ݾһ緢ˡ
Ľ㣬ˣ㿴ݾжˣܲһһԹܹǵ˶Ǹոձеģü˸޷˲õôҲǸ˵˰ɣ
˼Цŵʱͱ˵Щϻˣ㣬ȷ粻֣ᷢ
ðɣҲ˵ٷ֮ʮŲ֣ᷢ㻹Ųôϵͳε㣬̫ˣҪȻô죿绰˵˾̫СĽôзաֽѣϢǴ㿴ôˣĸڼҸ֣ѾǷ͵һˡ
˵ҲԣܲҪһҲûУҪҲˡ
ŵͷһɫЩ
ϵͳ׽æʵôˣѩϪ˵ʲôˣӦбǱߡ˺ܴļı
š
ŵֿһֽ¯յ
нʮ꣬˰ֲ֣ҽѧ츳һҩˡ
ҩˣ
ƣҩʹһ˿ɵʮˡصĺ˵ãûκˣҩ˱㽻Ӧб
ϵͳһϢôô죿
ŵҡҡͷʧȺԼ͸һֻҩƣӹԼ֪ġû뵽ΪʵۣȻ뱱Į˹һ𡣡
ϵͳһҲû뵽
ڵģĿֿֿɰĸԣССڳԣС˵ллʱôۡ
ŵҧ´ΣԺ취һ档Ҳ֪Ϊʲôô޸޵̶ֳȣΪңҲӦ
Ӧͼεǧһۣôܳˣ˵ôҪǾ;
ԣϵͳͬΪ˾飬Ҳٺ֡Խʲô뷨
ŵ˼һᣬĵƣҲ֮ǰϾֻǳûȥļƻزֻıȻȸҳ֣ضԼҩ˺ġ
ѩϪ˵ȻҩƥࡣֻԸһˣΧ˼٣ӦǿԳɹġ
ϵͳŵѾãʮĬ̱ףҲ˵ݾڴˣЩҩҲǲģ
ԣݾǿҴҲѹԵģŵ˵ѩϪǷԽ絥ٷҩ˹
׼ôظ
⻹ôŵüҵȻܴӦİѳ絥ʱʮҩһͬΧʲôĻ᣿
ϵͳȴͬ⣺ѽǲܣǻҪһ£Ҳκλᣬٷ룬β֣ոȵ൳ˣ֮ɾҪظˡȻ˾ǣ£֪ɱ˾ˣǲϼѡ
ҿӦбҲǿ׼㣬øö˶˵ĻصȥԲŹעһ
ŵȻףÿ춼ϸҰ취ûзŹκܹĿԡ
Ҫôƻ죬ɹ̫ͣҪôںݶ̫ߡϵͳʼöñ˴˶ļƻ
ǰò˵뷨ôø޲̸߸ҪСġݾʵǿҲ̲סİΣ
ŵ˺ܾãСʯ˵ҪϸһҲԣôڣҶͬóЩҩˣ̫ΣˡܷΪ˺һ·ЩҩȥǵĹҶͬġ
Ϊķգ֮ǰ۵κһƻնҪߡ
ϵͳһ˼ġ
ŵôˣ
ˡ
ʲô
ղ˵㲻ͬøֱЩҩˡȻҲͬ⡣һ㲻ãпܾˡ
ƻͺܸӣҪϣѩϪǱ߳ҩˣ߸𽫸ȱһɣôﱾһڡ©ġ
ϵͳ˵ŵඥ˲
ҩҪǰ
ԡ
ɱˣҩǰĳһطȴδذѸǸط
ϵͳŵԼ뵽һȥˣֱӵͼñ˴˿ĸЩ
ŵŵͼϵͳṩĵͼԶԶֻоͼǧ򱶵ϢνһĿȻ
һͨˣߵ˳úܿ죬˼·ȥطɽ룬ҿԸѩϪа취ɽȥӦбǰҩڴˡ
ʵϣֻ轫
Ԫ¡ŵϵͳͬ˵
ϵͳ޵ûԪµƸߣԸĿȫԿ淢飬ۿţ֮ҲýһЩ
ȵҩȺ֮һ̣ͿԼΪ֮ʱŪôĶݾضܿϵǸʱУѾˡ
ŵͷһֱһ𣬵ϵͳȷϺ󣬾Ϳ̸顣һ£ҲԽˡ
ԣϵͳ룬ƻΨһҪǰµľʬ塣ΡҪ͸ơ
ŵð졣ƻ׼ʬѾˡ
Խ˵ԽÿУϵͳе⣺ʱȻʾϵֻ߱˺ıϲʬ塣ͷҲ벻ΪǶ˻ЩҪǲȥɡ
˵Щŵֻˣƻ̫ǳҪúһ¡Ҫ׼ʬ壬ϸҲ٣ȡ
򴽣֫ҪҪ취ȡһôӦбѩϪ͵Ҳá
ԶԶԣϵͳͬоƻ²࣬ϸҪĥЩμƻ̫ӣҪЩĸڶܳ˵ɱϴ»Ҫȫɣ϶˵ġ
⵹ǡŵͷһΣҲС
š㣬ۡȸȥ˽ʱһյʱ䡣ʱԳգȥѩϪһ棬ƻССһ¡
ż˵壬ȥסǡøомղڣǺûᡣ
Ǻãŵգգ۾¶һЩɿЦ⣬´ټǸˣҸ𸴡

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61 ƻ
ڶ
ԭִתǹչʱ, վӪ˵ɫأպǲѰ
ʶ˿еϤԭԶһᡣ߽ʱ, , ֻʣ»һ˶һ
ԭײײ, ô⸱ʲôˣ
˵Ͳܶҷص㣿
Ц, ԭЦҲһֱĲˣⲻǹˣ
û, ɴ಻˵ˡ
˰죬ԭʵڿ⸱˵ģ۾ѾԶֻʣӰ, ԭϲɣƽϲѾ߿ɺþûˡⱳ, ôе͵ӣ
ʲ̲˵ʱˣôʱֱˡΪƵģӲߣһ, ܴǸܳüΡ
ѵԼƽϲ˼Ѿ⻰̻, ûл, ԭֹЦȻ, һûһûʲô, ҼǵԭϲֻڽӪ꣬ȻͱǱӰ, ǵûӦڳ¡һ֧, һ㶼ڵİɣ
˵˾ץϸ
šü, ûлش
ԭּҪ, ҸղžкˡǱӰʻ飬Ͳʲô£֪漰˽Ҳ
Ҳ˵˫ַ£ôþԭʲôëͻأ˾䣺ұλ·Ŷ˵ǹң
ԭֶ˵һӣλû⻰ô˼ʵڶģҵʱ͸ҪûŵŵȥүֵµˡҪŵŵ㣬ƾԼôı£츳棿
žһΣѵõûзʲôֻ򴽣ɫȥЩȻ
ô˵Ҳҵľˡ
ŷӦԭЦеزҪô˵˾أү걻ŵŵȣܱһ˾ȹһεģǵʲô񰡣Ҳ֪ϱӴĻõ£ôø
ʵͷǰ
ԭü
ȻﱾԲңҲûʲôӰ죬Σңⲻһľ֮үҡǶɽûƫңôڻɸģ
һֱֵֹģ˵Īԭͷ˿ôˣ㰡òǸɣΪŵŵþ㣿
Ȼǣúܶԡҡҡͷ
ԭ֣һԹζ
ֱˡ
ô°ԭϲ׸˵ʲôˣץڹˣⱯﳤ̾𣬡ԭü²ĸֵܰˣܲˣ˼ŵŵүþ¡
ʡ˻һûҪ𣿸øʲôʲôȥɣ⻹һء
ԭְһۣǸǣҲأΪ찡ġ
ӻͳһСƿʵ֣žһ·ģţĽļһŵŵԸĽⶾ˵ȻҪ˻оʱ廹ǻܵģܺЩ
սСҩƿлл
ҪлԼлҲˡ
ԭ˵߾úܣӻֱˡ
һվԭأɢŵҩζĴƿãص̾һ
ƿսУƬ̣尾վתӣ򸵳Ӫȥ

˿ŵڸߡ˵Ӫýƽոؽ񲻻ȥҵĵطŵŲЩɽȥɽֻҪæ£׼ܡ
ŵϰˣһݡͱڣŵһͷЦؿ䣺
磬ͷãֺܣһ־мһᳶ˳ͣҲϣһ¿϶ܺÿ
ЦҲ֪ʲôĵӣԼ
ŵԼһͷŵݵǰ磬㿴˭ͷã
ͷȥ
ϸСط˿һķīڴӲȻȴࡣ˿ԣһȻͷһֻϲ
ĺá
ŵ֪ô˵۾Цʣ᲻ͬĽ᣿
ӣᡣ
ŶҲᣬŵе߾ֹͬĽᣬɰûһģ磬ԺǸֱ
ͷ̣ͷһգͳţֿʼ˵˵ˡ
ŵЦл£Сֲ֧ãϵͳƻʮ֣ϸڰѿص˼£ֵܳ״Ӧԡ
еŵµؽ˿ͷϵһŷ˿˳·ϵһһᡣ
ʽ뽫Ӫʵʱӳıһ棺ŵŸЦӯӯϣǶɢͷһ𣬺еᡣ
һĬĬͷ
ʽŵ˫΢΢һ죬æ˽һͷɢСָ£ѸͷŪ롣
װһʲôҲûӣͻʴкЦˣҲ̸£ȳȥ
˵꣬ͷ帵һЦ
ĿСﱳӰ鶼һ˿ѹȥЦ⡣
һֱֱŵȥ̧ͷȻүĳ֮ˣÿһμ̲סип
ֻһΣп֮࣬ȴЩĵ
Щֱл
ʣ²ôˡ
ʶһ񣬴˿ϵ鲻ֹһ룬׺ѣүȹȻһ֣˳鷿ҷֵһ·׷ȥȷʵҵĵơ
Ǹһ㽻µ顣ҹ󸵳δۣǽӴ˸飬ҩԶûŹ˳һЩɵ׷ȥȷľ
ʳĻı꣬²⣬ҽ˲Ǳӵαװ.ߡʵϣǱоһҩˡ
۾
ȷҩ˵λô
ȷˡ
ģ
ҲϾ
šüô˵һһ䣬Ͼľ巽λ
ʿˮӲͷƤ֪ȫվҪ㱨ģȴţʵڲ֪ôڡ
ԥȴûʱ䣺ϸһнչô
ͷƤ飺
ûôأͳȥ˵
򷢸ɵ촽֪ԼһٷүѾȻ£ô˵Щˡ
ҧҧ˵нˡ

Դӷи̽죬ճ֣ԭûκλżҲ̽Ž˳;ؿˡ
Թżݲ̸˵һ£²ҴݾߣֻͷһڵˣѶ³˵㻰ϾֻǸϢģ֪Ҳֻ֪࣬ͷնš
ޱţӦбиж̩ĸ
նŵġӦбȷʵиˣж̩ЩѵԴµȷӦбѩϪᡣ
⻹˵ô֪ʽôϻô˵
Ȼʣв²⡣ԷΨһĳֻµЩҩˣΪ㹻أľʵúüƻҲܰ⵹
ȻǵȱЩһ쵹Ϊչˣⷢȵ׷ȥһҩڡ
˵ҩ˲֣ҩ࣬ݾ⣬취
ʿһۣͰ͵ؼҡǵ˼ҪѩϪϵϵǡȥ
ޱ飬޳ʳָաաһ档
ü۳΢ӡҲΪƫƫһ޴ѵһԽŵŵˮǵһ򵥶ɵ䣬Ҳʵ̫ϲ̨ˡ
ʲźۼӲͷƤʣеĻһ˵꣺ţѩϪݳϢڽ糿š
ָȻһ١
·𱻵סѨһ룬˽ԭأһ˲䱻ѪҺ
Ƭ̺תͷŻʡ
Ÿ纮һĿ⣬¶ͷϵĺү¡⡭
˲ǻʣһп촦ǻԪʣǰ˱ҲԸ⻳ŵ
˶촽ܡ
һԼţصóһССֽЩٻƺǺܲĵ˫ֵǰ
үǱ壬ոձáԼͱǶϣȻºأʵ˵ȥ
ŻʿãҳЩ˿ơıţѱݺŵŵЩмѭ
ûС
иɻ
Ƿһ˿Ƥ±ȴۼ
Ĭӹֽ
ֽϤּûļҹܰдַֹǶޣһûкú
ּģ£ϸϸϼϸڣԽϣͷԽ
͸ֽţǰܶ¶ˡ±һƣҹȴȫˣǷİЦĹ졣
˵ǴĬΪѡ
˵йͬһĿģǾɱ㡣
˵ûжҲûʧ䣬һֱƭ㡣
ܾ֮󣬸Լ԰׵Ĺһɳƣŵŵô
ڽŵŵгʱɤѪ뱾ܵᡣ
ûˡ
˵˷֮Ϊţ취ѩϪϸϸ顭£ǲӦáӲͷƤش𸵳Ļȴ֪¡
һԲ
ʵ׼˿̵˼̽ʵֱЩү桭ô
Ĭһ᣺ƻȵͻϮأҩһ
ֽŻǵĻУš
ЩӲͷԷļƻ֪үѾҩˣү൳ٷһսһ򾡣ǵļƻԱȫȻҡ
ʵս꣬õȨȻܸԷκοɳ֮һ踵˵Ҳôűߡ
ֽŻȥԶ֣ǲ׸ıƻЩ
ʵĴǹŵδãǷá
ֻʹһ飬ֻɫҲʵڶˡ
ƺЩƣƤ˵ȥɡ
źκȰοﶼ̫԰ʲôҲ˵ǡ
ȵȣ΢΢εأ֪֮ˣȥ㡣İΣңݾ²ɵ
㶹֮صͷס

ʱ֣̤ŵӪʡ
ʱŵſڴϺϵͳв֪ǵʮλǶʮεݣϵͳһǳ֪ȤԶߣŵϽſڷ
硪ûȫȽһ
ŵҲ½дط˸⣬û˸ֱӽףѽôˣȻֱӽ
ŵſڣת˲ô࣬Ƽʱȴһ
磬ǳʲô𣿡ŵЦݣ߹ȥԹԵ֡
Ȼһϲŭɫ˿ȴδؿϲˣôһ΢Ҳ֪
㿴ƽǸĬģŵǾã̫ġ
ֱ۹п
΢Цûʲô
ŵüѧÿγȥգܣʲôôѽ
Ȼݡݣһ԰׵Ŀնź硣
ϣûУһ˳
֣ϸָǵδϴĵīۣˣ
ŵ񼸲ɲ㣬Цÿ춼֣֪ѽȻЦңֳ󡣡
һ˲˸ս۵ףǴЦݣֻԵֺܿɰû
ѵֱӿޣŵ˫Ц䣺ǰôû˵ĺܿɰ𣿡
š
ŵͷֲ֧֪Լûѡ޹ë֣дĶֱҲ̶ãܸ۵Ҳֻгˡ
ɫƣ룬ŵЦǲҼҳģū澸ȣ
Ĺ龫ֶһЦ΢䣬Ưķȴδ
֣ʳָ۵Ĵһ㣬Խûˡ
⻰٣׽ǰ˭ŮŵЦСָ򣬴ңﻹţô
ǵ˵زأֻʣһЩ޵òü׽סʵС֣ŵŵ
ţ
£ܵͺܵ˵㡣
ۡŶûȻǸ˵ĻҪһʾǶѵ°
ѵӽſʼЩŹ֣Ϊһֱһ仰ڲ˵
ŵ˳Ҳ磬һô
ϲ󣺡ҪǲǸ

Сƭӡ
ദĿʹԸӣɫȴһƬƽͣãұ¡
ŶŵĲˣôôֻһ䣬û뵽Ȼᵱ棬ӦˣǡղǾòְ
ŵҲںֲԼſֱֱҪ󣬡
סֹһ˲ֱӽڿձ𣬾ֱȥ
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ǰʮ~죨1.21ʼոʱΪ㣨Ҳһһһֱ³ʱ̶䣬⵽ʱڶ~~~



62 Ĳ
ŵڴϡ
о֮ʱ, һª˵һŴʵҲֻǱȱ˵ĶůӡҲʡ
ᣬеĹʱ, Ʒһ䱦Ǹоⱦ, Ū, ⲻ
ŵԴˣ˿û΢ı仯, Цӯӯ϶˶, óһЩطʾ⸵¡
˳ӵ
ִŵһֻС֣Ħ߲, ǴģԶŵŵ, ʾɨ൳ڴ˼ҡ
ŵ΢΢һ硭
ͷ, 涣㲻õ, ܰȫԼҪС, ֪ô
֪
ŵЩ, ʵ, Ҫȥѽ
գҲҪա
ŵ, Ĵշ, ù, ָ°, ֪ҵĳǵ˸ڻ£ҲˡһСѪҲС
սñ񣬵ϾԼʱսЩ»Ǳܵĵġǻͨһսĵطܸȥû취֤İΣ
ʩΪ
СССһڴͷųһСšĴ֣·ƤСӱסİһ㡣
ߣ⵹٣ȷ
˫ϸ״С֣գ۾ŵŵϲʲô
ŵ΢΢۾㶺̲סЦˡ
̫⧲ҲЩ֪֡УƺֻС.еĹﲻŵİ¡ϲʲôԷʲôҶϲõһİ΢Ц
ȴǽɫߵ΢΢סŲײã
ŵ죬һʱ֪ô˵ˣ޾գϻۻģҼ£һʴȿݵꡣ
ŵʵ̫ˣĵطŵҸõ㣬Цʴˡ
ʲôŵæûʴûʴ磬㿴㲻ҪôСҲǲش⣬ֻô˵
Ǹ롣
ŵû⣬鶯Ĵ۾תһתϿʵǺ뽫ио˵ݵġǡ̫ˣرã˭ϲģֻ̫ü񵽴
ʵϲţŵۿݵġ
ôˣ϶ָɣֻȽΪ̫˶ôʲôã󲻻
꣬һЦ
ǸͷβɵӣΪ㹻ϻ죬ȴһֱԷĻѻñࡣ
΢΢ЦݽȥĮȫȫǶԼĳŪ
֪ԼɵΣ
ȨΣ
Ϥ˶ԷķΣ
֪ǻԣѲԼģȴȻûϢĻϲ
ĲģѾҩɾˡ
ߵЦȾһĨԼԼıӦÿǶԷ֮ǰѸתһѽŵڻС
һ̲סЩݣ˫֮䡣
ŵŵҿôʡ
ŵһͷˮôˣʲôʱǱǣĻʱֻЩصĴ.ϢôʱܿЦʲôҲû˵ֻǵͷš

һʼǺᣬ·̽Ĵͷǹĳüࡣ
µļֻۣޱȣ·Щһ㡣Ҷ޿κεշתǣƷһƬһϸϸزĥ
·ĴԶԶ޷㡣ǵ̫ᣬ޷ѹĵ׵Щ·ؾʯһĶɢȥǵ̫أҪʳ븹Ѫ룬ֻܲס
ͣȴֲ֪⣬·𱻱ҰޣѾپıԵ
Է׾ɬĻӦĸ޵׵ԨǻӦϤģˣǹٴΣߴӣȴּɰزʲô㲻ҪĻǡɬɾֱֱĵ̵
Ӧˡ
ԲӦġ
һѶʹĿ˲ôϸϸƷĿĮ֪һʼԼһԸ׿Ц
ӦˡԭҲġ
Ȼʧǣʼ
ǺȻ˽࣬ÿһζҪԵǿƣסĴ࣬˿ݣɨֹסԣκκܵĻᣬϸϣȫȻΪͽ
һġġһеǣƷȴԼĵסͬҺһˮ
ݵеʱôһ˲䣬ֻֻֻһİô
Уαô׿
ûУαô³
ͷһѩĴͣЪȴû̳ȥСǣǰһǸ
۵ľһĴ꣬Ѿǵĺ׷̡ĿҲǴȻˮɫ
۵ĺˣǱ׺ݶԴĺ촽ȫٵζԼΪۣҪƭ˺Ҳ絶ʡ
ૣŵŵΪίԼ
ŵȴ⡣˲ô΢΢ʹ帵ҡͷûίѽΪ㣬ίġ
ʰԼģ׻ɬġŵԽ˵ԽС̲סͷ
ͷϷһЦ
ҹѽţŵߣ΢΢
Ƕ·ϿԼŵŵ
ŵЩǺĽŴɳƣţ
ʲôҪ˵𣿡
ŵ˵ʲôѽ
΢ЦʲôãʲôáֻҪ϶˵ֻỶϲ
ŵգգ۾һһģ⼸һҪúչԼҪʱԷǧˡ磬
ǣ𣬴սһŵ޷
áӦžеĹϨ

һ컹δݾĽӪϢͦϾ
ݾڶ࣬սѵأƴӹ·һѸٵشڲãϡ
ӱϮɱоһ˵£ݾֻòʱʱ䡣ĲϹѪ·ɲת򣬴ɽָضȥ
ɱ൳ҩˡ
һնڸߣ֪ݾսļƻӦǴսپԽԽá
ȵЩ˽޴ӵֵݾ֧ǿ֮ټȺףиɱ󣬶ݾԲ˸˿ֻҪҵҩ˵Ĳ֮һ¾ɾ޷ʱ¡
ӣҹǰǱܷפӪء
·ϻʵֳЩЩ飬ү˽Ⲣ壬ԭ֣Ҳϡãүûв
ϾЩҩȫɱԷ¶˵ףʱү𴩣Ҳò촰˵ˡ
ˣӦһϵ´档
ʵʵʲô޷Ǽ̴նĲͬˣ
ֻǿģԽ¶ԶԶûͷ
һȻɱۣҵҩ˵Ĳ֮Ϲһ䴩ҡҡ׹ľţź·Եɭɲ
ľһӿһ˹Ĺɢ޴ȳ˵֫ɣȴװƤ̼ѪģΡ
ҩ˻ŭݾ˿Ʊ£ڵĻ·һֻδֽ֣߲ϴ·ҰްӺ﷢ĺǺǼѪͬˮ㱼ӿ˹
һ˲䣬ǰǰ޹ҹ
ƿǸʿֵʱ˲ʹΪʹսᡣ
ǰޱУȴһθش쿪ۣȴͶһչ⡣
ƫྲĻУΨһС
Զǵãҹɫ¹⻹Ҫࣺ磬ǲǣһ̣һġ
ҲޱˣΪԱҲƽ֪ġ㡭Ѿܾúܾˡ
ˣֻۣôջҵϲ
磬ɲΪһ£չ㣬Ҫٸˣòã
һ˲ǰưԺ˲ϢãʹľҲ˺飬˳ޱ߿ຣȫֻʣЩ䱦ļ䡣
ҩת˲ǰʱ泤й۶ʹػһ顣
ﵶ£ݺնһ嵽ǰҩˡ
һЮ֮ƣ޾ġķŭ
ҩǿ׳ʵٶȼ죬ڸĵ¾ıնΪ룬һģѪ⡣
Ұ޵ϰԣȴӵ˵壬뻹Ҫġ
ۿţĵ׵ĿնԽԽ˿̶Ǹ֡һһһָǹȥɤ˵ҪˣһСѪڶԡˡ
ô޵վһƸЩĵҩˣ
ϲԿ𿪺һļ⵶
תǧأȴĮȻɱ¾Ѫȣֳֳһ˵ȣǰңҩǰ£һǡ
еҩ˶ɱѪۣɱҲֵס
⻯ŰɱȻͬģ̽Ȼ
һزңɽ
ƾϣһ¹ⱻڸǣڡ
ͬһһ̣ĵףϢϨˡ

˿ӪУŵԭ־ҪЪ¡
ԭַ֮ʱҪ֤ŵİȫӪ̫Զɴŵҹ
ŵԭվһޣֱӽקˡ
Ȼ˲ԭְ˽ġ
һŴл󣬶Щ룬ԭֻϨ˵ƣûһ˯ȥ
ŵߵ˺೤۾
ڰУ۾ԵôϾ͵͵һԭ֣СɤӣԷԺ޷Ӧ
ŵס
СĺСĵشӴϿȥСèһûκζԭֱĿ˯úֱܳŵЬ·Ȼûκļ
ŵԭ֣¶һǸεı飬˫ֺʮȰ˰ݣִˣŵʵڶԲסҪҪ졣
ԭֵͷﱻ͵õİ㣬ԼҲӰ죬ŵѾǰ½ҩ޺ֻǻ˯ø
ȫʰͣŵֻͷһ۳˯ԭ֣ƿӪһͷı֮С
**
ѩϪѾŵãԽԽǣȴҲҳŲ鿴ſЩһɣãŵŵˡ
Ϊ˿ҹ̫˻ɣѩϪֻһյ΢͵ƣ߿
ŵһ彿˿̱Ǽն÷죬ЩѩϪæ¡
ŵŵЪЪȿڲ裬֮ա
ʣû˷ְɣ
ŵӹˣȲѹȥһЩİɣӪڣֵûµġ
촽ʵѩϪӦб˶
֪ӦбųһңӦ־ڱصãϾǧѷ꣬ס
ŵͷȷʵȸձ͸̻ؾˡ
ǡ
ϵͳļƻ鵽Ӧб̫Ҫô죬ʱŵ˿ţʲôҪʲôĲԣġ
ŵӦİ취ѩϪ渵
ѩϪţʱʱӦһ䣬ŵȫ˵꣬¶һ˿΢Цŵŵƻ޷졣ԭΪնȥ̫ðգһ˺Ǳòʧˡ
ȻһİΣһʧɡ
ŵЦŵͷвһ䣬Ųǡ
ѩϪһЩϸڣͨһᾡ콫ƻתӦбˣǱԸɨ൳ĵһΪڣչƻΡ
ŵͷãһҪ©ƻۣɳ
ıǡ
˶٣ѩϪʣŵŵ֮кδ㣿Ӧб˻Ụؾǣ֮󡭡ֻݾ鷳
ŵſڵδػؾǣҲڰ·Ѱط˴Ҳ˵Ĵ߿
ɫʵѩϪʲô㣿
ѩϪЦЩɬֹ̾Ҳ䣬ʹЩ㣬Ҳϲ̨档
ŵ룬źۼ㲻صĮϾǻӣһֱĳµµգ
ҹ̫̫Ĺ̫ûůѩϪһȣЩ롣ûȥ
ŵŵ֮ǰӦֹΪγʱزʶȴչɣѩϪЦЦʵǷӦл㣬ʱң赹·ߵ㣬־¡ֻԼʵ֮ˣʹ࣬κμֵˡ
ૣ͵ռȵĸ͸ʶԭ
ŵû̫˵ʲôֻϡʲԭơ
ʹ࣬ҲЩ̡ϣǸ㸸ʵΪҲ˽⣬ѩϪôõӣһֵܰɣ
ѩϪڶ࣬ΪˡӡزۣԶݺ쳾ޣܣߵҲ˵ܡѾҶ
ڽڶˡ
ŵ΢΢һҪѩϪһ棬ҪӹɫġƻһŲµģѩϪһ
Ȼ˴ţҲ˵һЩŵȻöǡǵȱһҪӽǣǾǱĮʵۡ
ολӣοµĺأ
ûʵۣǿȡᣬѵ֮㲻Ųʣ
ְҵɣŲϸڣһҪ׷鵽ײС
ڡʱȫü
ŵ£ʱ죬˵ģҲҪաҲҪŻֻҪ֤峿ԭ֮ǰȥǡ
ţŵСʵǡһλأ

¸Ļڳ
ʾصפӪʱһƬģŵĻط綼Ϣ
ͷԸʣȥҰãɾҽԱ
ǡ
û˵ʲôȣֱŵӪʷȥ
л˵
֮ǰپ׶βøϹɡðɹȻϹˣǣֻ˵⼸֣ǸĴšǰĺڰ
ȻԺ󶼸ΪŹ϶棨ðҪҵ
ףǳϦ֣󼪣ǰʮ˳Ѽ


63 ̯
Ӫʾĵ, ԶԶţĪһ˿ζ
֪ԼûˣҲֻӲš
ѪۣҲĲѪ, ⸱ģʵѿ, Ż˰˯Ĺ, ֻվһһůϢ
¶Ⱥܿ, 㲻ٴˡ
Ȼǰ, ΢ķһ
ŵŵڡ
֪һ˲ᵽɤۣǧĥ, ֻʣ¿յľ塣
ٿȻת߳, Ա߳һ˳£ү
ģҵȻһȡǹҡ
ȻȻʯͷ£ʵֱֱ׹ֱ޵׻, ȥѩϪˣ
ǡ
ȥˡ
ƴõһ, ȻٴһƬ
ų, ͸ȥһˡŵŵϷݾơȴݾ˽һˡܴϻ, ȻȫĿǡֻûϸϸ, ݾлһ֧ǱӰ
Ѿߴ󲿷־ԭ֡, Ǿ޷ȫԼ١
ǱӰ֮, ֻһЩ鲢Ȥ, Ҳ˿, ûʲôҪŵŵ˵
Ŀյۡ˿ҹѩϪûл
׿ǵĹϵΪǲ˵ߣôáôãһˡ
ȻƬ̺󣬸ֻǻ˻֣ܵͣڳķ
ȥɣš
ʲôû˵Ĭ¡
ߵĶԶԶһѹֲԥǰ
ҲȷԼòǰȷүǷҪһ˾šֻδү֮ǰʹ಻ͬʱķޱȣ緢ĻɽղʳӲд
ɴ˿̣ѹǱµİƽ쳣ȴ̺׵ľ
ǰֻԸȥԭֽѣĻҪᡣ
˶ȥϢɣսһ죬Ҳˡ
ᣬȥԭִ
ܿ죬ԭֶһҲδĬĬ¡
תųƣĲһ߽Ӫʡ
ɫҵؼ䲻һâֻⶡԿӪ֮ڡ
ĬĬǰ౾о֮ʱеĲãֱ׾˼֪ڶԷУǷЦֻǣ˿Ļһһεĸ١
һҹᣬģҹģⰵҹɼ۾
ͬʱһģȨ
ûеƣĬ¡
ۣϢһᡣ
ȴһδδԼӪʻеԱߴһߵĴ㡣ֻƽҹһӲʯ

ŵʳӺѩϪҡҡͷͷ̾
˵ӡӡҴδλ硣
ŵ΢΢һѵˣô򵥣λɷڱ彽ƱĸȴΪūһУǱĮʵ۵һ֪˵֪ں
ѩϪЩѵ촽ΪԼһ裬Ħ豭أû̺ȡ
΢УˮǱƲ裬Įɽѩеһֲ衣ȻڱĮ󣬵ĳûеģҳʱֻһЩҲҪȾˡ
ңƴ뱱ĮһЩǣվ߷ݡ
΢΢Цһ£ЦݱеĲ軹ҪɬŵŵҲλӣҲ󲻳Ҳ緢Ҫһչϧ컯ŪˣʹȥҲվ޵ݡ
ŵš
ֳԶѩϪʲóڱĮʹ꣬Ͼһ߸ϵĻǲעݵ΢֮ˡ
ʱ仹࣬Ӧóô˻ѩϪ¶ŪסѵԼһΪ졣ʲô˽Ҳϵͳ鲻һϣԶ֪ЩûһպҲ˵׼
ôţŵ˵ѩϪ㵽׷ʲô£ŵùңԸ˵˵𣿡
ѩϪЦһڲ裬˵
Щ飬˵
ָϥϣĦãڣĸδǰǱĮ˾Ůӣ˫òС飬ǳʮ꣬÷˳֮ǰȴҸһ飬ǿ빬
ŵɵôһ˲
ϤĹ¿ͷ
汾ΪκͳĸĹ¿ͷһģһ˵ǱĮʵƫаԧȤ
ܾ鲻ôɺϣ϶йŵҲѩϪֻ˵
ǿȢĸ̰ɫϲĸģ˵ЦЦҡͷ͵͵ʱСõĻӣдĶʵ޵ԣôຣʯáĸ겻ʮŮˣӢ£ߵ˳۳ǻʱˣȻֻڷһˡٳɫ÷Ҳ֮Ժˡ
⵹ǳһˡȻоЩģŵǺòûдϡ
ڶ꣬ĸ㻳УµˣҲԲ˳졣ֻĸĻԼ֮ˣȴһ⾰
ѩϪ·ܶأĸ÷Ѿȥô꣬ԵǶʱҲǵˡ˵ǹ֥һ԰һƫִа
ĸ˸ʹ⣬ȴϵһλеλӶֶβּ̣ĸѾã֮˾˵֮˹ɷǣڹ˲á
⣬ŵûعζͰ׶רҵˡȻѩϪ˵ߣУѩϪһƴճһޱȵı
ŵָⷢգ۵ضѩϪῪϵ촽
֪ĺȻѹȴδ֣ʶҵĸȺУڱٽĸ̥ܿҲ˶ʱǡ깬磬һͬ㶼ʱƵһ
һе̵棬λҹͼıõģֻһ̻ˮ㡪λ˵
ŵһվ
ʹǰʶ鲻򵥣ģ²⵽֡ѩϪ˵ֹ꣬סľ
ŵ˫΢΢أѹ֣ɫŵ±߽գˡô
ǡ
ԡŵʱסڣԳеĸɣһƭ׵
ǡ£ô֪ģ
ѩϪȥꡭһȥˡӦ˵ǰĸһܵܰס̣ΪЩ̿򣬽Լ¶еøɸɾоһΪͷѾãʹԲķѹ򣬵ŭҪˮʯ
̾鵽鶼ڵϡԭҲĸӣȥģĸĺȴһֱϥ¡
ѩϪ˸ͷüһ룬ֱ졣
Щ̫ݶɲ㲻ϸˣʹݲܽᣬĸܲסʮ»̥µĺӾǰĥȴԳ֮ǧ谮Ҷʮͷֱһͳʢ˥˵ףռλӡ
ԭڸУΨһ۳衢ֽԡϰĻӣҡ
ŵԺ¡죬̫Ѩͻͻֱ·һĸȥͷѡ
컯Ūˡ
컯Ūˣʵ벻
ԭǳñĸģ籦һƽ˳죬ʹȴԾ˲Ŀ࣬ΪƫҪ˲̣
ŵиɫͷģȻ𷽲ѩϪ˵ĸܲסͷһ̲סĵģĸ
ĸѾˡ
ѩϪ۾ĸʱ²һֱáع飬¸ȴס֪ʵ⣬δ±御ߺ󣬸ʶҸȻҲڱĮŰս֮ʱһ¡
ⱲΨһŮˣΨһĺӣѾˡûнֱӴѾǸ⿪ѩϪԳһЦҡͷ
ŵ絶ºжԸϧԸӣ׻ЩϣȻĸѲȴֻͽѹΡ
˿̲ɥʱŵһϣƬ̣СʵѩϪ·֮ʱ㲻ӤⲽҲ޹ۣԹ𣿡
Թ
ѩϪһ֣׽κȻʧЦʲôԹģռȵʮ꣬ʳǧ谮ͨͨ͵˵ĶֻصԼеλϣ˵ҪԹҲԩϣʹҡ
ҵĸĥ̤ȴ˱ϧǻĸһգǰ׷ֻ˫ַƽԹί
ɵ֪ҵĴҶԲĸҲԲĺӡ
ŵҡͷģⲻĴ޹ġ
ѩϪƬ̣΢Цǵһ˵ˡ
ŵ֪ѩϪ徭ʲôҲ֪߲ȵĸֵ
ѩϪŵ΢ЦЦͨ͸ŵŵ㲻õңҺܺãʵ˵һҪл㡣
лң
ѩϪ˺ܾá
Ϊ裬ҲеĿʹҴƶ˵̶ʵҡĳһһգˣҲʲô
ıҡѩϪͣһͣŵŵŵǲǵʶúĳĻƽڣУʱڽϾһū
ŵȻǵãͷ
ѩϪ䴽˵˵쿴ˣҲֻĵ֮٣ȴĥȻǿ󣬵ȴԥǱҪ¡Ҳ֪᲻Ц쿪ңϳūһƶȡˣҸĳ޽Լһֹͬ˵̷
ôԾʹ˳٣صĮȥ֮λһкܶҪûɡ
ŵ΢΢˫ۣȻЦѩϪֻǾ𺳣ԡһʱպ󣬺ȻӦбˣʵΪ
ѹľȻ¡
ŵ˶ūѩϪĿ⣬Żعʱ۾йġ
ѩϪͷЩȻˣԷǾӡֻѵҪ£òһ˵ʵӦ˲ѰңҳҲҪġ
ţȻϣãššͷĻں伸ţҲĿټĸ
***
ŵѩϪ𺮷硣
̹ǣֹסս
һһֱûϵͳ˿̲УϵͳԾ㣬Щǡʼδ
ŵ͵һȷǣǸѩϪĵĺԶ㡣ԴһôϢЩԲ
ŵĬƬ̣ЩįѩϪǺܺúܺõˣ޹澳ȴԹޣЩ鲢ΪԼ˽оȻôԶĿꡭ
ϵͳ䶮˵Щʵ۸ɡº͵ӣѩϪǰһĺܺáǾñİгˡǸ԰ɡ
ϵͳ£ŵϵͳʶͷ
ۣĸѾˣĸס
ĸ׻ڻȷϾʵ̫Ц˸֮ӣݾɨĮϲ֪жٱĮ˵Ѫԩꡣŵʵڲ֪ĮʵֻοЩ
ԣȻϣΪӵҸԸܸĸ¶֮顣
ŵͷϵͳףӹĻǰĸ׵⣬ǱĮĻϡʮս֮Һ֪ӣҲ˵ʲôӦ
ѩϪߣԿǡϵͳ飬ѩϪôʹΣѹԼϣϳūһ̷Ϊ㣬ղʲôҲû˵ǲô
ŵǵǣлһ˵
Ų˵ΪѩϪѩϪüĳʹ϶ǺʱϾոźѩϪ۹ôɱ˸
ƻɹǰٽ֦ɡ
˵ҲҪһ£ԺҪ˼·Ҫ˳
ŵһһ˵û뵽ԭ֮Ҫʲô֡ʲôһûϿǣҲ˼ĻݵǿáҲ˼Щȼ֮˵ʱһѩϪ˵ɡ
󺮷ХŵȴԽԽüͣһĸŵСһ㵹ǿ̸
ϵͳһ
ҲһõġϾûһʧļƻô࣬Ȼпܻʹ©
ǵȻı͵͵ܳȥ˽¼ѩϪô͡Ȼϵͳ˵Ƕ֮ǰŵһֱԼӦ̹顣
˵˵ȥһΪ˵ʵ˵ȫŵѩϪĿģһ˵һǡ
ȵĻв꾡ĵطѩϪò˽һⲢѣֻ˵һһ롣
ŵᣬ֪֪º᲻ῪģΪȥѩϪЩԴף
ʵܡᵣԼҹܳȥĲȫɡ
ŵ߰뷨صפӪʱѳɵ⡣
ﾲĵģȥʱмֵأʱ򾹿һˡŵЩɻȻûˣǾСĵȥ
̹ףɲȱץʾͲһˡ
һ·ȫӪʣŵڲŷȥԭӦû
ŵһһвӿ죬߰Ѫ۵ˡ
ŵ΢ѵƽϢȻǺ¸ֻû뵽䲻Ÿˣ⸱ģ
ôһţٿ͸Ѫŵһκ£ֻʣ
ʶ磬𣿡
̧
ŵ˵ǰ鿴һ£ϺöѪ˵ȷ㵽ȥá
ŵŵⲻҵѪ
ƽƽԳһ
ŵ촽ӦԼ˿̴̫ýͣԭֲڣҲ֪ʲôʱġԼܳȥһϣ϶
վ
ȻЦˣôˣģûˡѪ
˵ҩ˵Ѫ
ŵȻһͣǻе·һֻקˤڵϣ˿ȻĿ־塣
渵վţ޳Ʒߣʳָһûһµص档
աաանһ
ʣҩﾡӦбûи㣬ʲô㡣
л˵
ǹ꣡ã
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64 
˵һ, ֪Ѿ·ԡ
ϵǰѵְ.Ѫʹ졣
ʹ죬ڿŵѪɫ֮, ǵԸӵľ
ĩ·ˡ
֪Լûɱóȥ, ԼġΪĵ׿һС
Ըվ, Լǧٿڵӣ⵶ӱԼҪġ, л̫ѿ
ŵ, нۼһ㾧Өˮɫǰɿ
ļһۡ
ǻм̵ķŭɬɸһľʹԳ˿̻޴ҪѵΣȻʲô, ˵һ֣ϧĲѡ
Ҫƴѹ, סΪᣬӵ뻳ĳ嶯
ĬĬƽϢŷӿİޣӦбͶ·ΨһĻ, ûаպáΪ̺ú·
ŵ˫, 
̫, վǰӸ´, ·һºʵǽ, ССڲѪۣԳɭ𺡣
δ˵㲻Į, ЩƽѾ̫, һƽܲˡ
ŵú˵, ʵ̲ס, ǡ
̵һͷ᣺һ·ܴб֤İȫˣҲɱҡ
ŵƴҡͷǲǡûûɱ㣬硭ĲǡҾԲ˺㡭
֤Լף޲ýһжļƻʲôû˶ԡ
ڻϵͳĿ֪Ŀģһᶼûˡ
ŵһ˫С̽ȥץĴƣûж㿪סСĵҡҡ
Ŭסߣ磬㲻Ҫòá¡ô
ÿһϸС֣ĸ룬ǧٿס
ʹ֮ãȻģԭΪЩ¶̯ˣǱߵͷŵŵȴˡ
ģһЩе롣
ȻӦбѩϪı֤ɽȴȻΪ˼γҪһͣκ˶ϣֻһجΡ
ۿ˿˫С֣ݾﴫϢǸˣǷӴ
ŵҧ´Ȧдת
ͣһ£ʣǷ֪ȵҩˣ
ŵûвֻץŸ֣·һɿҲץסһ㡣
ۿյľӨ飬ֻһУµٶȾǵ⻮ĳۻҹȥȥѩϪ
⣬ʵĶ֪𰸵⡣
ʲôʵ֤ˣΨôһ䱦ĹֻҪ񶨵Ĵ𰸡½Ǹ𰸣ûκζͣҲԸĿΡ
գۿŵͷ
ɻɫףҵĻش𣿡
ŵᣬ̵ˣ磬ȥѩϪˣҾǲӦбļƻҡҾһЩɵ㣬ô˵ġ
ѩϪ˵ӵ£֮ԻᱻȻǲģΪ粨ĸǳ֮ʱ˵磬Ǹʱһֱĥ˲ĸףѩϪĸףĸ׺మǶϲ㡭
ŵԽԽСΪʼδɫ
ѩϪŶƲסΪ˾Ȼƽ˹ŵ硭ġ
ƽš
ŵ
ŵŵҶʮˣЩģҲҪҪشģЩ
ŵûƭΪûбҪ˵Ҳױ𴩡˵һУ
ⲻص㡣
ŵɵ۾׸˼ֻץסԼ̹סͬʱҲʵĻ˵ҩ˵¡ҩ˵ȷʵ֪Ҿԡûκ˵˼ֻܿġ
ȻǰٿĪ磬޷ļƻʵУ֪һġֻϧЩҩҲ˵ˡ
ƣŵֻܼ˵˵ɸôúŪұֻ֪ܿϢʱҼɡ
ŵƿԣۿҡ
ģ·һشݺ¡ѱ治Ǽ٣ΨһԿ϶˿ȫȻϷҲɫܵʹࡣ
ĵĪıʲô壬ѸͿأĲģΪƫҪף
̾ŵŵޡҲˡ
Ȼô˵ŵȴһ㶼ûзģ£Ҫʧ㡭Ҫ˵Ŀ֤㿴ٸҵʱô
䴽ŵŵ
ڰ׷۾һ˿ҲϨһң㲻֤ʲôֻ˵ҹһܳȥԼҲΣաʵ㱾˴£֮£ӦбѩϪûйϵ
ģһֱǡôãȫƾ㡣㲻Զȥˡ
жأȴĿġŵæҡͷȴЩѣΣûУҰˣҲ֪ġ
͵ʣ㰮ң
ŵŲ԰׵Ĵͷֻϣš
ܲĻǽ˺룬ѡУŵŵú˵ΪʲôӦбʲôʱӪȥѩϪĿġ˵ȫԼҩˣ㾿ôġ
ŵСĵ˵Щһһͣұ֤
ԼҲ֪ʵû˵û˵һжΪ㣬ֻԵơ
˵Ҳܣ̯ˣûڡҲûŪ֮Ѻ۱ø
ŵӲͷƤ磬Ժ֪ûƭ㡢û˵ѣ١ٹһʱôһ¶ԭԭߡ
Цˡ
ǲһЦֻЦĶȴЦʵʡӲҪݣǱǷ·һЦ֮£ÿЦЦˡ
ŵɫȫ԰ȥ
ٹһʱ䣬׽⼸֣á೤ʱ䡣
񼫵̷Ҳ֪ԼڵȨ
ŵСġĸ֮ڡ
֪ŵôģ˵ĸ¡ôһĴ֣شĿɰ
ͬʱҲ޷ӿڡ
Ĭʱ䲢һϢѣŵȴоһôáӽ˿̣Ѿŵüֲסˡ
ŻˣŲ·żȥ·֤ġĻһ㡣
ٿزͷ
ŵ˸գǿշ·°ʧأµĺһĴˡ
˱۾ǲ׼ŵֻ̫ģŵŵŮӡ
Ůӣ䱦һ۶᲻õıΪʲôҪίԼһ㲻Ϊʲô̶ֳȣ
˵һôŵ涵طϣǡǡϲ㣬Ұ㡭ܰ㡭
ǰδеΣѾ϶ˡŵĻżˣҲ¼ûҪô
ȥͷ۽ǻ㱧ҡ
ЦˣΪʲô˴˿ˣİҲԶջءУôô
ʲô¶ĳʲô˵ĳڣȫȻԼÿٶÿ仰ÿһ֣ʹϢ
ޣڵһ˲䣬˫ȻܿƵ̧𡣼סʱӲǿԼͣ¡
ֵת˷򣬸ΪץסֻϸݵҪֱ۴ƿ
ϡ
ܵһ󣬸㲻ˡϸһ£סֻأǣһ㡣
ǿϷ֣Ҳʵûа취
Ȼû취ŵƿѾԲźšҪǣҲ
ʶһ㣬ŵеίȻ䳹׾̡
ҲᣬһҲ̵ס㲻Ҫô˵Զҵġ
ͬСһĿߣ·֪ô¾ȥˣֻ·ʡ
ŵɬ֪ԼΪڸʲôӡ˿̣˵ĻҪԼȷʵǿѡ
ţʵڲ֪ôˣԲ𡭡ԭһκòá
Ȼۡ
Ƭģ仰ֱ˷ĩ
ٷ˳Լı꣬סٲֻ»
ŵŵˡˣᱳʲôҶˡ
˱ĺܽϧһֻèĿҭ༫ÿһʽѪ⣬ճһ̹ǵѪۡ
ۣʶźҲ֪Լ˵ʲô֮һһĻ
ıʵһĿůŵܵǾġŵŵԡ󣬸㲻ô
޵ۿҲɬ
ૣҲֻЩίЩİˡ
ڵӣҲ˲ԼЩ˰ɣĿΡֻҪԸֻҪУһΪҲֵá
ŵŵҪҶظҶ
Ҫԭ¸㣬ҪҲ㡣
ʲôֻҪҪҶԸ˫ַϡ
̾ȴϵָСȥʪˮô䣬Ҫˣˣ۾Ҳ۵ġ
һᴥһ߲ɫס۲һƬˮɫ۾û񣬵⾿ǲϷֻҪһĿ⣬ᵱء
ŵ㶵ŸǸ֮ĳˡ
ֱ۳裬ٰϧ
ŵ̽磬ҡ
ǲˣ΢΢Цһ£ͷȥɡ
ŵ⸵ָķȥʲô˼ֻȸʸ¡ȥҲζŴӴ˿̿ʼֱúǰһ֮ǰ²ʧֻǱƽõı£áһ죬ŨýӵĶ
װҪ˺¡ŵҾôȥҸ˵ʵ֪ҽ͵ЩãҲ֪ҿܿɡǡڲ˵ĿԣмҲòҲܸκˣĸ¡ĸ£Ұһ඼㣬ô
˵̶ȣѾޣ˵ˡ
עá
ƺ˵һֲȫģֲŵŵ£ĵġҲһΣһֻɣֻҪ˵пԣұš˵һ졣
𣿡
˵ġ
ˣȻŵŵҪʲôԼԸֺαͽ᣿
ĻģȷʵһΰˮĿԣʱԸȣǼٵģҲһȥҲûʲô
ĻٲҪҪġ
üӣ˵غԼŵŵѾˣӦȷʲô԰ɡڴˡ
ŵлл㣬лл㻹ԸһΡ
ֲȻԼ֪ԼѾߣڸԣ൱ʲôû˵
ȴԸһ֤ݣһ䡰пԡ
İϧ磬Ҿʧ
̴ǣãŷӦԼʵڲ
ƿŵæø
ŵŵúܣȥϴһ¡
ŵֱ۸գҲá
ͷЦһ·ҲˣءȥԡϢһ£Ҳһû
˵һ⻹һûи㡣
ȻŵҲĲԾ֣ͷ
̾Ӳĳ
ҪҪúýѵշô£ҲŵòᣬڻôСۡ
ŵͷˣƽ±á
˵ԺҪˣʲôطѩϪӪжԶһ˰ҹܳȥһʲôô죿㡭
ʣµĻšŵǼһѡ
ӹˡ
ҩˣѩϪеһУ˵İȫȫ
ŵڸϣҲѹ۸֮ᣬԶԶϣѹҩ˼ƻһľѻȴ֪ʱ
Ҳû̴ȥǼƻ¸ҪģŵɴԼһ٣СβһŸ͸Ŵ֣ԱʵţڻߵȣƬ̲롣
ҹЪϢʱʵ޿κΣŵŵⶼһˣ㲻ѽ
۵Ĵз·ֱͨĵס˵ҲʵûϢоǰһĽʹൽɱҩʱıߣ峿һĺɢ
һ᲻ˡ
ŵ˵Ҳۣ˾Ϳ˯ɡ
һ죬ʲôлûʧȻ׷ҲĽᣬԾ㷲
ЦˣɵŵŵôСġ˵㣬˯ɡ
˼Ҳôˡ
һ˵˵ԱһֱԼģ޷ҲٶȷԸ׻ġ
峿ҹۣء
ָŵҴñӣԹԱ۾˯ȥһ뿪
ҹδߣҲⲻסο⼸ӶصԼӪҲƣúˡ
ϰڶ֧ʱ̲סָ̧ؿǴڡԡŴûзŽ
΢΢ȥԱʱ֪ʲôһ£һȣ顱һˤڵϡ
һæȥ
ȻĿȴ΢΢һ㶡
ĻСľбˤˡ
šüû֪Լж󣬼ŵŵѾ֮ܳΪԼ꣬һδξԼˮ𣬽ÿһܲסԾԼ±ء
ճŵ֪ŵŵû漣
СӡиǴѿһ죬߷ŵġһš
л˵
ǰʮ~~~



65 Ŀ
ó
ԭСľװһšЩճڵײ, ֲûҲûж̲סһȻ߿տҲ
ȻԼ֪дʲô˿Ҳ̺棬ŷȡ
ֽϵּ, ʵڿɰ, ֻɨһ۸㴽΢䡣
ŵŵдĲ, ûʧǼ, ϸ˵ò֡ŤŤ, ȴϲ
Ц۾ɨһУȻһ
еЦɬͷ·һֻڰҹѪ, Ȼ¶֮£һһ罩Ӳʯ
ʩ˷ʯȫֻ黹ܳٻת, ϶½Ŷꡣ
顣
ʵϣǿǣڵһѾŶġϸСӵôŶĤɾ޴ĺ, Է·.һļʹ, Щ֡
Ƕ, ϸϸ顣
Ȼ, ֽϵÿһֶ·˹, ħ֡һЦԺֱײֽ
޴Ͳ֪Ӻζ˿˿ϸЦ, ն֡ŵŵ
ŵŵ, ŵŵ
ƭҺÿడ
԰׵ı⶯, ΢΢ͷ, һֻĺסãϢжǻûһ˿ʵĿܽڱǣֻܵˮϢ
ദʹѾ޷⡣
ܵŰ裬ֹ
սϵ˺ֹۣ
˺ҧֹ
ɰǣֹ
ʱУһһϸʹȫһڴ˿ҲԶԶֹ
ܶ಻һͨͨ˽͡ѹطô˵ϲԼѹԼľѰұȴѰ޹ոյҹʱجΡԭʾ޴֪
Ĭܾãƺͣð죬Цһ¡
̴ЦЩãȻһɨӣҷ˭ڷЦһ㣬ܿ죬תת۾΢һͳЦǻк
ͲңЦ۽ǶЩˮɫ⡣
̧סܸ࣬о･ĶϤϸСĽɰתѪҺһɢܿϯ֫ٺ
ʳǽ𱻴߷ˡ
ܵ٣ֻʳǽʵ΢
¹һڼѪѹȥ
̯ƣǿϢھ֮䡪֪ţҲֻʹ졣һΣɵضѹ¶
ǰԼ䣬ÿһζĲʹͷԼһƷŵŵ˺ҧʹࣻ᲻ã᲻ԼԼ̫ãԼ嶼֤ˣ̸ŵŵ
ڣѾˡԼʹЩְܲɡ
ĬĬѹưʱֱƽϢûоκˡ
ѪеʹȥĲʹȴûֺޱ齫ŰԭۺãŽŷ⡣
Զ˶٣ùһԵСľġ޳ָ԰ףһһϸϸĦ
ľб籦꣬ʱʱãԭҲͱḧԲƽ
ɫҰ׵˾þþ綹ĵһϣһůƽԵͣһںڰУұ
աһüһδȴָȻСľ˲ľƬ顣
ľƬģĮɫһһ.ΣȻۡ
ܿ죬ЩѪƬսУͷסЩ½Ѱ߲ľƬסԼġ

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һ˯ò̤ʵԭûϢãҹ߸أ䣬ͳԲס
ŵ˻ĬĬãصǣһ·ϴûʲôᡣǸոĲ죬ݾʵǿһ·ؾûʲôõ¼ֻе취ˡ
˵żȻǼٵģŵҲûõģֻгסп̡ܷ
һĬĬЬµأȥ
Ӫʽţ㵽˷ӳӪſڣŵȻһ磬𣿡
һѵ磬ʱȻѾˡŵ֮ǰһ㶼ʹһԼȥ
Ҹ˵Ц߽񻶿Сݺųİߣû棬Ѿ̲ס򿪻ϻӡ
˾ţĿתԼ
ŵŲԽԽӯӯЦҲɢ
ɫԾֱ峿ʱ硣
ϴĻҹʱĺ£ī죬ǰȴƷ˿䣬Ӣʵ㲣ȥǸո𴲣һҹ
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ŵĿûŲڵ۾鲼Ѫ˿ĿԵĮȻ
ŵˣô˵ѽ
óһš
ŵĿԺըóһţȴóһо飬о֮ĸ飬̷ɱ⡣
㡢ôŵǷȫϵţ·˴һ벻ڻֻľЯ
ľѿΪʲôѾûҪˡ
ǰΪڣһĿƷǰͳΣٵλλҪʲô
ŵѲҰɫ˵
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ŵܳʱ䣬˫֣ɫԽ԰ףʹľȻļ¶ϧ
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վһƽߵŵǰĮֲɪɪܶҵСԼͶµӰ
˫۾ڵĻûκιնĿģɱҡ
ŵ󺧣Ұ֣ǲǣĲǳ磬ġ
޴ǰ֡Ҳ֪ǣĴƣ뱧ס
ĿҲ޴֪Ϊƽغһ˵ҡ
ŵ㲻ٶ
û˵صĻŻˣŵᶼ
⸱ģڸУȴһȫµʹ顣
һֻˣǸͷβƭ֣ҲҪˡǡǡ֪һ㣬ԼЩ档
˵ŵŵһȥˡ˵仰ɡ
ŵһٿص±˿һɿֱĨˣûϷ
ʣ˵磬ҳҵڶʱȷʵĿģǺİˣҲЩʵ϶˺㡭
֪Ϊʲô֪һк󣬲ûд棬ֻ֪ٲ֮ͣˡ
΢΢̧֡
һȷֹ
ŵ˫װʧƭң£ӦбѩϪˣҵҩˡ˵㲻˵ң
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ȻҲҡϾ㻹ʩĸµעŻĹǰʩļھƲˣҲҪ
óں
ںԼֻҪ֪ڣôʲôҪҲ
ȴЩںı󣬾Ȼ˲̵ࡪ˵һжƭԽܣܲ࣬ΪĨɱ֮һС
ԭÿÿܾεĹҹᱡֻƻĿˣ
ԭ͹ȣֻСֻΪ̵棻
ԭĥ棬ֻβ
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һˣ͵Цǿõ۽ǻ䣬˵㲻ʧŵȷҴ۽硣
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ʱŵɪ¼ȴվԭûжҪʲôҪɱҪɱԼĵ¡
ֿصԼ磬עһӰ޷԰Ρ
ŵῴճԼֲجΣҲĳ档
Ȼһִ̣֣ת⽫ȷġ
š
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ǰرԲ˵Ŀԣȴܡ
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Ϣ󣬸˫춢޽֯Ӳָˮˡ
ٿȥͷż𸴣ؾ·кܶʱ䣬ǡ
˵գȥ

ŵ֪Լô߻Ӫʵģֻм·ȴ˺þá
ľƣڴϸϸʣް֪Լû·ˣŬܾõջΪӰһжˡ
ϵͳ㣡ŵŵȱޣ˵
ŵֹסޣҭҭ˵ʲô
ϵͳ˵û;ĩ·ء
û;ĩ·ŵץסϣݣˮϴ۾ˣ𡭡û𡭡Ϊôһ
û㣬֪Ϊʲô֪ô£ȴûбΪ㣬Ҳɱ㣬ûзֳκһ֧߾飬еĳ޶ǳСʵۺӦбȥģԭе߶ںϣʱڵĸȷǳ⣬ŻصĳҲΪ
ô¶ˣȴһҲûСϵͳ˵иղţ㣬Ҹұ֤Ȼ㣬һ㶼ûм١
ŵ׵۾գգѾ侲˼ˡ
鵽һˣܷұɹղƾʲôô㣿ƾʲô£ǻҩˣǼƻ˶ٱ飿֪Ŭİ֪ӵʲôŶԵԵԼδĳһ죬ˣҲӣ
˵һǾ֣
ŵϵͳֻЩ;ǡһػ𣿡
ӦòˣδĲξͲáѾ϶Ҫɱô
֮ǰ˵ģŵˣ˵ˣɴһѾ̯ƣһѡ
õĬѾ˵ϵͳ֪뵽һȥˣⲻǶģҪģһֻʰʰ飬ǲ˷ʱˡ
*
ŵ߳ӪʱݾˣԼ£ûκ֡
ǰߣȻ˶ͷ
ʺԭǾվǰԶûǰԶԶš
ŵĿǺãϵɫǱضʲôɫ
ⲻҪŵ΢΢ͷһ۸ӪʡֻһλˣһҲҪץסϵͳ˵Ҫ֪жమ
ŵٳɣͷѩϪӪʷȥ
ѩϪȫûϵŵֱֱӪʣӿȥ͵͵ģһ
ŵŵ㡭
ѩϪ˵껰ŵѾǰѩϪǻؾȥ
ʲô
Լ࣬ؾǡѾ֪һˣҪƹ䣬ҪؾǼϡ
ѩϪԴ͵ü֪ŵޱ˵һλÿһ羪ס
ĿɿڴŵˣȻˣôܡ
ǿߣû˻ǡģܱ֤İȫ
ȻϣûԵҲš·ͻȻѩϪףŵŵҲǲ㣬ֻǲ
Ǳ߱˵ŵɫᶨѩϪ֪һܺõˡһ̹ȴΪһ˵Լ㣬Ҳϣҡ
ĸֱ뿪ŵĺӡ绹š֪֣ѩѩѩǵĳ
ѩϪĿⶸȻأһ˲˫ַסŵ򣺡ô֪֣ϸûм֪
ŵԲ֮ǰ㣬·һһСң߰ɡ

û̫ˣ۵վѡ
ʵֻĶӰˡνĸŵʱ俼ǣֻǲĻش
֪ΪֱɱӦǡԼҪ󣬱ضײ
˳۽޵ʹеѹԨ֡ʵ׼һ㣬˵ЩȻһĻش𣬲ı˵ںȴСҲӡ
֮ؾᣬشֻҪ췴ŭԼҲӦġ
˿̵˵ʲôûˡ
ʽʱԱǸƣһš
ʿɫɬΣĬ˺һŵڣүˡ
һ֪
ү
ʱ˵壬־仰ʵڲ԰׵ļЦ
򴽣ŵŵѩϪһߵģ
ǡ
ӪгĬܾá
ȥԸӪ޺ϣ͵ͣĵģ¶ټƽִﾩǺ󡭡ߣɡ
ʹĵүӦбᰲֱġ޺֧Ǿ֮ƽ
ֹ̧
ȥɡ
л˵
ⲽ3.0һ_(:١)_
ɶ񣬴ûأ
׸裨֪ɲԣһֱѭ꡷byţԣü
ǰʮٺ



66 
ŵѩϪһ·ӱ, ֻýʮձִﾩǡ
һ·ϣѽǰȥͨͨѩϪ˵ֻȥֺԼݣԭҲҪġ
Ҫ, ѩϪ͸Ĺϵ
ѩϪա
ճһ, ð, ϸУʵŵŵ, ΪʲôһҪݣΪʲôһһأǰѻ˵ô, ֮ѩǺã
ŵ˵ʹ˼Զ볯֣Ǹ߸ߵλͨ˵, ԸѩҲҪǿ
ͷ, ʣļƻܳɹ𣿡
ܡŵشĺܼᶨ
ŵŵѩϪȻ̾ΪʲôһأǲǲҵΪˣҲԣһֱûл˵Щ, 㻹̽ǷԹޡ
ǲ˵, ȫòҲǲŵ֪áŵֻǳǳһЦ, ûлش
Ǹɵ, ô¾ȻԼšһɱ, һˣ˶ľ, ֪ض
ŵü۱ϸеķ, Ҳ, ֻúûš
ѩϪ׵, ŵŵҺܸлңһиҡԡܰЩʲô˵ұضȫԸ
ŵ΢΢һ£մҴҹһƻѩϪȷʵ
ǰָָգģ΢Цģġֻһ룬Ҳ᳦תѩϪȷʵһ㡣
Ŀ⼫棺ڳϣֻ㡣ɲ԰չһһҲڵĻ
ѩϪشǰһ䣬üʲôô᲻ڣ
ŵЦһ£˵һҲߣҲðиһŵùˡ
ҵȻԸչǡݾĲ¶ҸЩҲģҲ˵ʵ𣿡
ŵҡͷ
ǲһǵȻɿⱾ鱻ȷϲٲ֮ǰ֪򡰸û塣
ѩϪǲͬˣ˵û̫Ӱ죬ڵ֪һѾڿѩˡôʱмǸˣֻѩ
ҪǣҪ˶صĮ֮ˣֻ֮ǰĻ䣬Ը뷨Ѹģջԭ֮λˣܷġ
ѩϪĬһǾòģŵŵҿԲʣղǾø˵˵첻ڣǲǻʲôѴûиң
ȥѩˣȫչԼôҲᵽŵиĳ̶ȡôһ˵һڡͺܴĿˡ
ŵЦһ£ֻ˵ûСֻ˵Ŀһ㣬չ֪ģ岻ãһˣ벻ɵ¡
ЩҲó˵ѩϪһ䣬˵ʲôǶҶƴչ˵ġӲñúýţң߰ˡ
ã֪ˡ
ŵԹӦ£˵ѩϪ˵ˣʣµģȷʵᡣ
εʱһֻ꣬Ҫûдһ֮һ˳ġ
Ȼȥϵͳɽӣھ鱻֮ǰϻǸʱͿ԰ĵغͳһˡ
ڵʱ䣬ʹŵҲȫġһŵùչˣһˡ
˼ˣŵѩϪϿҵѩϪллҡ
ϸ΢УѩϪɤ᣺Ҹġŵŵֻܷġ
ģ˵һ죬ҽĸǰһĸ֮Ὺİɡԭ𡭡
ŵ۰ĺӣûйֹ㡣
ѩϪǳǳһЦ˫

Ǻŵҵ飬ֱӦбĸۡ
ǻ֮ǰӦбյߵţֱ֪㽫ȵĲһ򾡣ΪŵѩϪ˰ѺȴǾһھǡ
ôͻȻӦбӵ߽ͨˣţ桭
ŵǷ񣺡Ӧ˴ţкܽ£Ϊ
Ӧбɲؿŵ
ô£
ѩϪǰһɫţӦˣǵļƻˣֻƸۡ
Ӧбšüʲô˼Ҫ췴ôӳģ
ӦˣЩǿԺ˵Ҫ¡
Ӧбԥʲôƻ˵ҾǱµˣȫҡ
ŵϣƻֻ˵һ
Ӧб롣
Ƭ̧̺ŵɱı˼ᶨô
ǡ
źۼѩϪһۣѩϪɫδɲͷ
Ӧб΢΢£յҿԲƻ֪мɰա
ŵ˼Ƭ̣ʮա

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ߴ̫ͬ˵ϸĵķң֪ʱӦбʲô¡
ЩĶжһ첲λ
Ҳûʲô˯ˣ´һѳһԵĹŶƿȥҲܴ̫ںһѡ
һſӢɵݺһӣ顱һƿըӦбűߡ
ʱƬӦбʶŵǰ
û°ɣŵ
ŵشȻվߵĹ·˴һƹƬ̣ɵԭء
ȻһĿѷӦǰ塣
СĽ£ȵˣŵܲ˵ӣͷһͻæѡ
ţ粽ǰŵߡ
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ŵȴûие̫ѹһᡪΪǰ꣬ްнˮ
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ӦӦбһ㶣ŵҲסˣæ¡
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ٿȻתͷ촽˼б¡
΢΢ŵǰԼӦбĿ⣬һԵı̬ң꣬ǲӦбˣ
ŵһȻǣû˰Ҳҡ㣬Ӧ˴ġ
úܶ׼֮ԼСܣ·ѷ˼Ҫô˵Ҫʲô²֤Լŵ
ȴ룬ʲô˵
ǰᣬȴǿŲģŵ֪Լöסֲ֪Į
ƽЩŵһ˫º۾ȷ޾ɫ룬Գ˻ֵȥ
תͷӦбҲȥûˡ
ӦбЩɣ£΢ŵŵ࣬ʧˡ
üĺݺһҧҧ˵ҲûˣУŵŵܽеģ޷ص㡣
֣ȥ
Ӧбֻò˵ʲô̧ŵһֶۣˡ
ߺ̫ĵؽŹϡֻʣŵˡ
תͷĿűС
㡭ʻ㡢ʧˣҪ£Ҫ£ҽ㣬ܰȫ
ŵ濴һۣӦбӦԶˣգգ۾˵ҡûʧ䡣
ŵ˵һ£𷽲į˿ڣ
Ȼɺ죬һԲŴŵ
ҲûԵĵطɴΣСеŮڿϡ
ŵû뵽Լ磬ڻٷŵϣһ˿ضûС
һɾվⲻ
ŵŵ㡭
ùӦбղǾʧô£ֻвգ۵ؿŵ·ʧ㣬㡣
߲޼ҿɹСúţҿ㡣
˵꣬ǺƲ·Ҳ̲סܲ˵ŵдޣ㣡ŵŵ㣡Һ㰡㰡
еı˷·ᴫȾһ㣬ŵɺۿۣһһͷ
Բ𣬶ԲôģǽĴ
˵ţɬĺܡǰ֤ңɵȴ
һĹ⾰ûλгǸзýı¡
û뵽ǰȴֻһոʮ˼Сܡ
ᣬ̧ͷŵǣǵģû㻹ţҲ֪㻹š
ŵ֣æ˴꣺㣬ȥĶˣûгԺܶࣿ˭۸㣿ңҰɱ
ŵҡͷû۸ңԲô㡣
ȴ΢΢ЦˣҪ˵Բ𣬽㣬㻹ţܻصǰ㲻֪ж໶ϲ
Ҳ뿪ˣŵŵ㣬һúñ㣬ҪʲôҶԸ㡣ͷΪֻҪϲҰѵλҲ㡭
ŵ̲ס΢΢ʧЦ۵ͷʲôǻϣôŵ
ʲô΢°ˡֻҪúõģʲô£Ҷ£Ȼֻʮܻ꣬ס㡣ҲøӦб㡢۸ˡ
ŵͷ΢΢һ̣絶
µĹҷŵ˵û۸ңˡҡ
΢΢һ漴üɵôأ㡭
ŵҡͷһ᲻С
ʱۣޣްҳʲô£Ǹ㣬ôһ£⼸ںη
ŵ˵¶ҲãҲ£̫ԣΪˣͲܲԼܵ
𣿡
š
һᣬʲôҲû˵
΢΢̾סŵļԼУѽͲԼܳȥҲûʲôҪһѶŻҲͰˣôҶţ㲻Ըø֪ţҲңѵŲҡ˵©𣿡
ֵ˵ףҲǸ飬ŲߡţǵðɱˣԺӲŻȻܳȥü꣬ǿô죿
ŵֺЦ˫ְס˵ǵǰҲã˺˳磬Ҳô̫࣬ˡ
ˣѾһΣٴڶΣĺϲһ𡣡
ŵδ˺ңҲ㡣Ҫ˺òã
򴽣ϾǺôĵˣȻŵ˵ĻлЩѻȻǳŸȥġ
ģ㣬ǱƭˣǸ˼ֶҲúܣһӻˮô㰡
ıܺŵЦ
һۣϲ
ŵü΢䣺ررϲĺܺãҲҲҸõˡüһ壬ίŵæ˾䣬һģҺüˣָ¡
šüһӲ죺Ǹ˰
ʵǺǻ֪ġֻǴǰ˺ңԡֿ͹ȥôһֱڿ𢣬ػգǲǣ
شֻñӳ˸
ŵϸ׵ָһ뵽ôôӦ㣬ΪҲ֪⼸겢Ӧб˽أǰѰصĿŮ˵ݱȰŮ࣬˼Ҳʹʱһֱߣһȥ˱Į
ͷֻ𡪡ɱǧӦбȻƭڸߣҿеԣҿȻ£һ㣬һӦбʬ
ڣҲȻҪһƤ
ѹ£в˵ǰãôһ˴ôԶĵطԻͲ·ΣôҲûôá
ãﻰⶼԼѸһĲֵ
ŵгʹʵʵ˵ⲻˡȴǸûУһԱԼܻˡ
ôˣãϲĸʲôĵġ˼·ƫ۵ŵͷ
һ̾
ŵ̫顣֣븵֮ϸڣΪͻȻ꣬˼죺ֻҪ㿪Ļϲߡ֮£ոһǱˡǰʲô
˼ã㣬ĺϲһ𣿡
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Ϊ㽨һٻأססʲôʲôҲ㶵ţԽ˵Խᣬɫ棬ӣǱ㲻ϲСŮҶ̫ӡ
Խ˵ԽˡŵֱЦã֪ǸüҳûкúùܽӦбôܰѺӹܳ
ЦԷǹȴŨŨۡ
ŵ˵㶼ûкú۹㣬ôã
һЦ۾գ΢㣬̫ãԼȴ֪
˺ˣò׻ǲЩļһ˱㰲ס£Ҫʲôֻܸ˵ʲô㡣
ŵĿ΢
ز׽㣬ǲʲô£ʲôֱ˵
ʵŵûôͶ˵Ŀģ֮ǰΪԼҪһЩʱ䣬ŻԼŵ֮ȴ·δ㣬޹Ұˡ
ĵھΣûкúòȴҪʵ̫ˡ
·𿴴ŵ˼㣬΢΢Ц˵ŵŵ㣬ҪʲôعǣҴδ֮꾹ΪʲôԸҵĸʲôֻҪ㿪ģҾͻϲ
Ŀ⼸ѾЩŵв̣С˵ȷһæֻЩܻЩġ
ҲֻΪ˺
ŵ򷢸ɵ촽ɵĴ۾΢΢գ
ˣ̱˵Ҳɡ
Ҳˣŵæ˵ֻǡֻǻ뿪һʱ䡣ұ֤һҲٶ㡣
꾫µüЩŵʲôû˵ȷʵѾЩˡ
ֻǣǰ㷲ɫԼĬöЩįĿ⣬·һۡ
ˡôġ
Ц㣬ΪθɣҲûԹôóԵĵˡ
˵ҿģҾͲ᲻ˡʲôӦ㡣
л˵
ǰʮ~~

мʣºҲͬ⣬ͳһһȴ趨㹻ˡΪˣᴥϵͳȷϡ
ŵŵͶ·ľŻȥҰ֣ҪȻҲҪ군ԶһѣǰûôͲҰ֣
⡣ѩϪ˾ˣΪΪŵѩ߾ͻᵱΪνˣֻϿɡϽʵ˾ͲУΪ֪ûǾ֪ˣǾͲŵŵϣɵ͵һ˵ˡ֪ûԣҿ͹
󣬺滹һЩ飬֪ҲΪheԲٺٺٺ
⣬ÿ˿ͬ趨ܻбbugûϵջӭָҼŬԽԽϽ~~~



67 
ݾന, ٴϸ굽Ľʱ䡣
ⲢǴѹƹ췴ٶȣϡƽѲ, Ը͵Ӫ
Ȳ, δж׽, ʶ֪ʲô˼
ʱھһ, ƣü, һŸݻһȻԭ֣콵ţӾͺͨ˲һʱ, һûУʵ˲
˵, ̾
ԭֽеԹƵģ̾ʲôأ
ʵֹۡô⣿
治ףôôɣûүʱ䶼ܳʲôԴߺһǰ˵Ļʮ䡣
ԭֵҲŵŵĻ, ΪӪˡ²ԡ
ҲԸš
ˡ˵ǡҲš, ġԸš, ԭЦ, ˵, ʣõġ˼ūү, , űݾ, ֱա˵, ûԹʲôࡣȻôôһֱֱ
ҲһҴܣŲ·һͷݾʱѾʮˡҴ꿪ʼ£̫̫ˣʲôʲôһ۾ܿ
˵ԭһģԼŰֽĥأҰѻŵŵүʵ⣬һɣҲɡ
ʺγϣ˵ģκ˶Ƕమðɣұ̣ôҩ˵£ôѩϪıôкô뿪ˣ
ԭֵҽͲˡ
վӵеĵݣʱȥͰɣҿ˲ῴġôꡪ֮⣬ŵŵҼ򵥸ɾˡ
̾ҲվðɣȻİɡ
ʲô
ţ㿴ˣͼ޸ҡ
ԭֱּҪЦˣʣǲǣ˵Ǹֱֱľͷ㻹һ䲻ġҲʾ
ҲǺŵˣ˵Ҳֱͨ͸ô޵С
ʱҭû˵΢죬촽һ˵ҲҶģ
ʲôҶĵģľͶģԭЦûۣŵŵһĺùԺҪй̣ңҪСڡ
ʵһۣĬĪ˵Сڣϴʮ˸ҲԸ⡣
뷽ŵĻǸոҪЩĻȣĬĬ¡ʱˣ˾˼˵Цү֪μ尾Ҳǳˡ
üͷ̾˿
һߣվڷڴĬų¥ĿնԶ
ڣƷˣʺԭֵĵĻԱڶС
ǰܣֱֱĿƷ紦Ľ
ôˣʹƺѾΪܲɷֵһ֡˲ʹʲôζ·һڵϹӲдͣЪ
´ǣЦݱȿ޻Գ׶ǵѹ
¥³·߿ľչ¶ѿ֮ɫ׺ǳУƺЦ
ڴ˴һ·ϣʱǸոȷ⣬ĽԼˣ㲻ͣ
ʱߣΪҸĵֻһ˵ģ֪֪
ɤů˿Ĳѣҵĳ³Բԣ
԰³

˷ǣůֻſڵĴĭɳɢȥЦ㰵ڴãԼյʲô۵
ְ̧סĿڣڻûĵڴȥ
үﴫػˡһʿС˫ֵݳһš
ӹ
طʡ
ʹʱԱŷžƣһδ
үʹ񣬡үк·Ը
ҽʱ
һʲô
ͷһۺѹѹݾס
ү뷴˿ֻһʱǣҲҪһ̤Ǭ뷴Ҳ£ж׽ȴеĳ£ֻǰȥᣬ˭ѾԶ
ҽһȥŭ嶯ҪѰκ˵鷳ֻǰһһᱣסԺİȫ
ü۾ʹүô˵ȥ޻ˡ
һ΢΢ЦˣԼҲܣ̲סõǱú׼һδع
Ȼүдǰ̣ȲʤȯǸˡҪʲôʲôûУΪʲôһҪ
ĮȻţûơ
Ҫʲôô
δðɡ
ҪһƽĸĸҪû˺۵Ĺһӣһٱůһ㣬벻̤һЩݵƣҪһ塣
Ψû˰
󲻵ãƫƫ콫ʹ͸ϸмС籦ģգֻһѵ
ȻףԭеǴƫԾͷŶ
ҡҡͷ΢Цȥɣǵҽ£˾Υ档
ų¥
ŵŵͬҹʱ֪Ƿ񻹼ǵáĵһֻ̣
վڷڼʱ罫ī΢΢ң޾Ӳ԰͸
ٽʱĿ΢΢ۣ¥ĨСӰ
һġǧȴֻһˡ
Цˡ
ˡһ򶮵֪Լη֪Լǰܵκ˺֪Զ᲻á
һˡ
ɵݾǧ

ŵûԼ
ԭļƻûô죬źбѡ
ƻ˳ֱӵյ㡣
Զжమ
һֱǿĮʹ絶ʵۼܲס˵пһһ˵ڡ
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Сʯŵ࣬·ԼʹҰѷƴ򿪰ɣҵĺۣ۵ܲˡ
ƿԵּҵʹûôʹȼ棬ֻʹܲסֶߡ
ϵͳһ㣬û°ɣΪʲôôۣ
Ϊɵӡŵ૵ʵ飬Ҳݲˡ棬Ӳĳ
ðɡϵͳȰ̹һΣ㲻һˣңѩϪ󱸣С
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մ¶ȵůסԼůŵЩޣ˶ΪʲôΪʲôһҪѡڽռ棿
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԰ƹ·ٶһᣬչлΪʹɢȥ
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˭꾹Լշת࣬Ѱ֮ǰӷļʸõʹδӵУĸɱŸ尾ʹͬʱȴҲޡ
ֱʧ䣬֪ԼؿڿһΪˡ
ԼİȻźۿı飬һʮ־ʡ
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Ϊʲô㾡ȴǳȫ˱˵İ飿ԶҲȲǿ֮Լĳ롣
תתصϵ£ԶԶһˡһΨһûĶСЩǷܹһأ
ԶҲûдˡӦбȻۣշ缱ⰻȻ֮У·ڶĿľ԰롣


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һضڡڶضڡ㡱
Ĳ𣬶Էʲôû˵ֱףһɳ֮ء
֪ģֻܻеɾǵûн׼ƽȣûлȨԹҲû¼ūκ˼涼ݣֻҪ΢Ц֡ÿһ˶ᱻأɶƽȡƾԼ
ƵķƶȣǵûκȨκ˵ͬκδɵΪḶøĴۣû˽̣ûɱ¾ƽȫ
ŮƽȣһһޣÿһŮӶԼʶ磬ӵĹߣһܸߵȽһɣȫȨ֧Լ
кܶܶ޷飬ϵͳĮһ˿ζػе˵ԼߣӾǵ崨ֻʱ𣿻Ϸɣٶȸ졣ֻһССİӣͿǧ֮˼棬Է̫̫࣬˵ꡣЩֻճѡ
ϵͳһתѾЩҸ˵ʵȷĲܾΨһŵˣҲûӡҽ㣬԰һڵ׿Խˣ㡪ǵĳ֪ǧ֮ԭռԣ֪ʲôӣʲôᡣֻһһǴġһȵ˶ѡκһǿǧٱֹ
ʵϵͳ˵Ļ۸ˡⱾͬ磬Ȼȥʴӣһִͨ˵⣬ҲܵӦ֡
˵ϵͳ˵ǾԺƽȫ磬ȥʲô£˵ԸĴϻۣʲôѧֻƾԼͷԲܣĿ֮һ֣Ҳֻ˸㣻ִȴδǿùһȣ
Ҳ˵󣬵һ˾Ѿĳˡ
ϵͳǵ磬ҲһٸҲҲһΪİĹԥȥˣԭԹ޳޴ֻΪ˶Էһ
ЩһŲᡣ
ҲǶ⣬ֻΪŵѹôãһڶ˵һͨžЩ벻Щ᲻ˡ޷øףԼõһıˡ
ϵͳ˵ܾ֮󣬸Ҳû˵
ü۵ʹ˳ĽͶһСƬӰɫƵƽ
ϵͳһֱ渵žжѸιҸ˵ô࣬ܵø㷴Ӧɣûа
΢΢˶ԣ£ǵ粻ͷô
ϵͳӦһ£׹ָŵȴĿƭϵͳ¡
ţûгͷУҲǷǮ˵úǵյϢȷͲٲˡϵͳ˵ΪΪʲôҸ˵ô໰
ʣһֱô
ϵͳԵ˵ѣǰ
û뵽Լ˵һѣȴֻô⣬еסҸղŸ˵ô࣬ȥûУ֪֪жˣϡһ˺ޱذ㣬˾ȻǸŮεºܰ𣿡
˶ŵŻţκˣǶ˵ˣݹ°ˣǵ£޹ء
ϵͳʱˣʲô˼ʲô̬ȣǸϧŵ𣿣
ʧ𣿡
ᡭϵͳʶش˵֣ôأ㻹û
˵һ룬Ȼ̧ŴİϵһǡſãⶫƵһĿȻ˼ȥֻͼǾܾ˼
̵أϵͳʧʱ徻
֣СĺСĵؽŵڻͷա
ȵĴ԰ײϣֻӡ૵͵ٲеڶ
ŵŵ
ҵŵŵ
ΪʲôðԼҲˣΪʲôί࣬ôסʲôң
ұ͸㽲ôֵĻΪʲôѡҡ
Ѫʹ¾΢΢ЦҵŵŵСŮô۾ֻʣôôɵôôɵ
ʲôãΪΪҶõ硭
飬͵ϳɴ㶾⵶ԼҲ
ӵŵƵ
֮ǰŵŵһ仰ϣ˵ѱֵҩ˼ƻû˵ֻչ˺ԼǵúúóԷҪˡ
ܣʧ
ҩ˵£һԼһƭѩϪ֪Щжࡣδ죬һҹ߲ݵ£˵ЩȴҪ˵Լˣԭ£
ŵŵУɱԼǰĴޣԼûίҪ֮ܺ
ŵŵǧžµģ޲ýԼ٣ȴҲ޷Լޡ
ͷŵ۵ϣ˫˲䡣
һٿȻͦ˽ſ£°ͻᣬīɫʪһƬ

Ҫô˵һأôƢһһ˵ʱͲϳԶѩϪŽڴŵƷ·һģһûⶼһһҹˣûϹۣҲʳɲС
ް
Լ̫ˣҹ߲ݣҲʲô󰭡
ѩϪͬҡͷŵŵǧҺúչ㣬ǿϣЩ
⻰˵ĻɣУĬͷ
ѩϪֵģԴô˵ŵŵû£ֻ۹ȲŻεģԴٽõĴ̫ġ
š
˼һѩϪֲǺ˽⣬˰γѩѩҿô
⡣
ѩϪ򴽣ǲǺңҲԭң
ĿδƽԼԲ˵㡣
⻰ѩϪ֪ôӣ븵̸٣ÿμ涼Щ졣ԭŵŵԼõȸмͣ˵ĹϵӦܱԽԽ
˭֪¸ˣŵŵȴֲ
ѩϪ˰죬ֻԼӲͷƤѩŵŵ˵ˡǰɣ
š
㡭ˣұֱʣѩϪԸָݣ㲻صıģ뱱Įս꣬ڸУĺӣġ
ѩĸӣЩұֱ˵ˣ㲻Ҫ⡣ʵҴһұ̫ӵĲѡֻǸ念ŵҿɼв⡣±㵢ˡ
ѩϪϿңҵ˼ףֻҪҪЩȥҲԭ㡣
ҲȤ
ѩϪ̾ش²⵽ȴǲġֻҪԷ룬ĳĻλֿɵãںĮĻλأ
ǡ
˵һ֣ڽĿתȻɫǰǰ񿹾ܣҲ䵭룺Ǹʵû˼̸Щ
ѩϪЩȣͷ̫ˣһ˼ڣĸλǰοĸ֮顣
ȴܵʵ̫̫࣬һռġ
촽ŵֿȰŵŵ֮ǰңƵļҩҩºͲ߶߶ȥתת
Ӹڣ˵߶ƶûôѩϪżֻܰŵȰҩֶ㵽׺˼ҩôãǧӰˣȻԺôŵŵ⣬Ҳġ
ģңŵŵúϢһ£ôûкúóԷ˯
ûش£ָŵСġϸ࣬ϸſ
ѩϪֱԼһƣúõģ˵Ǿ仰ʲôǡǸЩҿŵŵϲʳÿγЩǸĶЩٽӸϲȻȥЩҲ˳߶߶ָЩ
ֲһ䣺ģŵŵһˣ˵ܶЩ
ȰϣԥΣվáȥʱᣬ㿴ŵŵ

ûһŵѹ
ѩϪһֱŵԱߣˣȴհȰߣһʱ޲ײǽԼǸùǣŵŵһ㣬ҡʵǸģԭһֱѩ㡣
ɵŵһ˫۾һȦЩҰ֪ʲô
ѩϪͣ赹ѩһֱԱ߲ߣһһҹûۡͷţҲͲһʱ䣬ҲȰȥߣӸȥˡ
ŵӦһһһҹ
ǰ
գգ۾ΪҪˡ
⡭ʲôǣǣĲǵġ
ѩϪ㲻Ҫƭңҿġ
ѩϪһŵСģۣҲ渵ίԼûУҷҾԲǺ㣬赹ڣ߲ݣûһڣĸոճȥ
Էôżͣŵˣ̲סЦûжҡ
ⶼʲôѩϪ̷һ֪ǶǼ٣㻹ûüͣҲض˵ûӣ۾ˡݲ֪κһ˶óҲڲסʹࡣ
ŵû˵ʲôܶϸѩϪ֪Թ᣺ȥˣȥɡ
˵ƿҪ´ѩϪæˣǿɲУ˵ˣҪϢŵŵţѩ˵ȥصġ
л˵
ҵýһ££ûŰ´ҶptsdΪˣͷ
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70 ֮
ŵ, ͷֿشǡ
״̫ȥһ˼ز飬ͷҪǵġ󲻹û೤ʱ, ⰲĵȡ
÷˻, ѩϪŵŵŵ, ֮ǰһֱԲ¶Ҳǵѩ̫, ˺úõ, ɲܵģԵ㶫ܰá
ŵЦŵͷ⻰, δʱܶ, ޲ýпһ˵ڲرţʳ˵㡣
ŵȥŵһ˹ԹԳԷ￪, ʵ̲ס, ϵͳгСʯ
û
סʲôʱϵͳˣŵץץͷ, ôûʲôӡҲʲôҪ, ߸˰ϵͳ򿪡
ϵͳһͲôã°
ŵõú, ϵͳӲǱ۾۾̬ҲܿݣСʯԽԽ, ҾȻһЩŭ, ҿ֮ǰЩ, СİС, ¹
ϵͳֻһ
̲˵ʲôɸģһڡ
ŵ֣㲻ô£
ϵͳһ٣ûʲôܾ˵ģе˰ɡ⼸鲻ã𣿡
УôУŵܺƢĵظҸ㣬Ϊ㱻СԲ֪羹Ȼһһҹ
û°ɣҲôˣӦĺðɣ
ŵЦһʲôûü˵ءʱ򣬿Żеѹӡ㲻鲻ģλᱻĥġ
ϵͳЦǱˣɲһĥ⣿ʲôʸĥ⣿ƾɶΪɶɶ
ϵͳô˵ǹŵ¿ӣ㲻ԾʱǲӦûף𣿡
ϵͳ̾˿һ㲻Һܱ
֮ǰǵ£ȥôô֪ˣʵ˲ŵøƽϡ
һ߳Էһ̸£һ֮ڻжʮ죬֮ǰȻѾˣҲûбҪǰȥʱֹ֮ǰҲܶ
С
һ£ȥ֮ϴɹǩ֣ȥǸ£ȥȷϾһĸСʱ϶㹻ˡʱ䡭£һúúú˵һ£һԹԵҡ
˵ŵڰ֣ԶԶԣҪѩϪáȻԼһչԼҲ֪϶ɡ
֮ǰ꣬ü尾Ȼεʱ֮Ѿ̣ܶҲѹᡣ
ûϵͳӦŵʣô˵˵⣿
ϵͳͦá
룬ʲôע£ȥ©ˡ
ûС
ŵƲƲ죬أˣҲûָϵͳܸͬܵ˷ܿġ
ֳڣһ£ˣһҪ֮ǰ£һֱ򱧲ƽģô壬ɲ֪𣿡
ʱϵͳֹһ̯ƵʱҪһ˵úΪһϵͳˣͷ˾ֻʣԼһΥΥֻܣԽ֪ߵغԾԾ
ŵϵͳҲôԼһű˵˵ܳ
ϵͳһ£֪֪ˣû鳤ĸܳе˵ѽ
ŵʲô
ҡҽ𣿡
ǰ
ûУͻȻһҲҵġ
֪£ŵͦĵģҲҡ
ˣһ֪ʲôأȰˣӰǡ
ϵͳǹԣҲƢˣԼһ˻ߡ
ͷβԾŵüɴ಻ֻϸϸ˼Ҫôѻ˵

ٽĵ£ӸΪ
һҽͬԴ¥ֺţƽ̫𱬣ſ𳤶ӣӰ쳵Сö֮ұ˸Уÿλ˿ͷһƣʱ˳ȡ
ӸƮվ̯λǰ
ҪǻǣǼӸúܡ
ǰɡ
ϡúȡһλ
ƣδ˿һĴ߹䣬վ·ٴȡ
ֺǷ˼̻վ֮ǸϷ̨ӣ̨һһŮųǻݣ̨һЩ͡
˳ǻɬԵúᣬԼָۣǳòá
ĿⱾûκεطˣЩʹУ֪ȥ
ϷȤСδǿʶ˼ϡһϷ䣬ģ֪ʲô
ͷǼĿ΢֪רע
޶³ϼƿ
ջؼϲЦüͷϲɻϲһϲ˭˲÷ޡ
һͥǣԸ˲񡭡
̨Ůӵȷɬϲ뱯˶ʮֿճհԹϻͥҪΪİķ֮˷ɹǡ
̨ҡҡͷȥûһᣬߵļˡ
ֻж渵δᶶ۾
νɾνˣǷޱߡŵŵĵط붼֮أ񾳵ǡѹִǰܾõķ·һΣûʧȴ룬һ޶Ĺ屦
εºܡ
۾һƬѪ˿
ŵŵ
ŵŵŵŵļ۳һˣԭҿԻ㳤ǣܰί
ʱҲ֪ǾԶ
ƴЩҵ֮飬ֻ֮Īңܾί
̨ϵϷѽѽţ죬ŮϲϷѾӭ֡ɢΨиվڶһλ
ϷһСǰź򣺡ӣɵǰ߻кöϷء
ˡ
ǡСĸҪЩˮ
ˡ
סиתߵСˣһӣлָ̡
СӺףһͷˮˡ

·˺ѳ룬Хĺӷ϶йѪҺ֮ȥҲ޷첹
һΪǣһתĳʣһ
ϵ˫ԣˮɽЦա
һһֱģ硭ԺҲ۸㣬ܹĿ࣬ҶᲹ㣬ܺãҲġ
֯ˮ㽽԰
һʲô£ѹˣһһǹġһңҪһֱҺòã
Ҥܱܷ꣬޶Ҳ𡭡
ǲǣûĲǡҾԲ˺㡭ʧ㡭ҿ֤㿴ٸҵʱô
ƮƮ·ԸԧɡԸԧɡ
ΪʲôҪҡΪʲôҪҰֻҪ㰡ֻһ𰡡
Ըԧɡ
ȥ
Ǿʳһ˿Ѫɫ̧Ĩȥ
ڽӿϤĲʹ֫ٺѪĵžʹɫ糣ֻȻ
࣬ʳǽѾΡ֮⣬ϴܲԵѹƣҲ¶ء
һʹѪӿϺͷĬѹ£ֱӦѪȡ
һδûκܿž޴
Ա߽еźţһƽǰȡոáȵӸ⡣
ϷѳֿһλĿ磬Ϊ̨֣¾ЩˡĿⶼδɨתֱߡ

صסѩϪⲽæӭûã죬ŵŵˣȥɡ
üĿһγѰڱȥ
ѩϪͣ£ںҡҡͷһǰ棬˿̣⻹һοǰ¶ʧ̬ӡ
ŵŵЩǶԺú˵˵ѩϪһţһ֪ȤԶЩ
ŵѵӣŴơǶʵʲôȴʱЩļɲסģš
ЩŵæعͷƼſڣ
ȥɫãɫҲûǰ԰ףŵһɣոոЩϲ߽ⲻЩš
ŵŵʲôʱѵģûﲻɳԹˣļһˮ
ûСڴεϡ
ף
ŵգգ۾û뵽̬ȺȻתôԣʱЩĮʧ
ѵΪԼ赹ˣͰе鶼ˣоᡭô򵥰ɣ
磬ûвղʱҲ˵㶫ҡ
ŵ촽ŸһĿ˵£زаȺӸǰԵúôҪҪһӸ⡣
ᣬŵеĽɢȥ룬΢΢սƣѽ
̲ס΢Ц۽üҽһɡ
ϢΧڱǼ⣬ŵһ飬ҧһڣŴĸ̻
Ӹܺóԣֻе£磬ôͻȻôѽ
ķش£֮ǰܲãǲǣ
ǲǣǵûУŵ룬վĽǶȿģҲ⣬Ҿû뵽
ˣЩҲҪŵɴֱ⣺磬кö໰Ҫ˵֮ǰûü˵ҾιȥˡҪ˵ЩŻ÷˼Ӵ˿̿ʼҷĲٶ˵һٻ
͵ӣ۵üϢ䴽ã˵
ŵ񣺡šҵҸǷ˵ҵȷһ磬ߣʼӵҪ㡭
Ըģǵʱʵ˿ɣѲŽ£صߺ󡭡˵⣬ŵ΢΢򴽣˸һۣ԰׵Сɷ΢죬ãߣôܲأȷԼҾ;Ҫҵ磬ס
ЩҲܸ㣬֪ҵ֣ᷢӶҵͼǾͲһˡ˼ȥֻ
˵⣬ŵͣһ̧ͣɫƽЦӡ
ûɣҲû졣
ŵЩ̫ţ磬㡭ûʲô⣿ﲻףʱҡ
һ̾Ϣŵŵû⣬˵ɡ
Ȼˣŵ˵Ǵҵһʵʩƻʵȥ֮ǰѾãȻףʵʵǻ£ȥ£˶֪ġʱܻȥ󣬶ԴһѳµȥԨ
ͷԭ
ŵҲ̫˰ɣŵʵڲһһˣۼΪʵû뵽˵꣬ûóʲô֤ݻͣѾˡ
ŵɻ󣬡磬㡭в⣬һҪʸҶԻش𡣡
ɬŵʲôΪ˽ģֻõʵ֪²ΣգΪҪޣܵôżô죬ӱͲãá
ԭʳʱŵһ׼ýͣԽԽʵۡ
Ȼ֣ʵش𣺡ΪǸƻ̫ãȻӿǿȥ׻Ҫˤһ¡ˡҡҲúܶԲ㡭
̿˵ӿƽ
طǰŵŵжٲΪ֪ʹί
ʵûס۵գ֪ŵŵأ
ҩˣļƻġŵϸµؽƻһ飬ѩϪļٰ汾
ϵͳƻʱڵͼֱͿ˿ûͼֽƾ˵Ƿһ
м丵θˮŵغˡ˵ˡЩҩôֲȷƻ㲢ֱǣһڵ֪Ϣĵһʱ͸㣬
ĬŵСʣǲû˵
ǣŵŵǣۿ΢죬΢΢˵ú
ŵ׷ȥô
ʹŵŵ飬ûģ̧ۣҶԲס㡣
ŵһᣬæֵҪ˵Һܶ²˵ġЩҲ˵ô뵽أԲҪҲҪ˵Բ𡭡
΢΢𴽽ǣѾã˵Բ𣿡
ĺܺô֮ʲô˵
ŵɴ֣񱦱һڻҲ֪ʱŪʲôƻǲˣͶ·ֻô취ǱơһжˣԺЩ߰Ҳû
죬ȾҲ¶΢΢Ц⡣
Ц̫ŵſţܾ˳Ĳ˼顣
ô׵¶˵ˣȻõľܿģҲ˵֣磬Ҹղ˵ľʵ㻹ʲôĽһҪңǧҪŰ
ҪɾȻԺ鷳ŵš
ЦҡͷûĽᣬ֪ġ
⡭
赹֮һжú棬᲻ѵ飬ӭжˣ
Ȼɻ󣬿µҲǻ£˳ͷҲͦõģ
ŵգգ۾ſֱۣţȻ˵ˣôң
ȻʧЦһ٣϶СĵؽӵڻС
ˣнֻʵ޷
ͷעİཿգŵŵ˷˵Щ㻹ʲôҪ˵𣿡
ŵ̧ͷŵЩûбļƻˡ
ЦҲʼƻ
ŵŵʱ˺ܶɣС磬Ǹùɾ
ŵŷһЦûܿడԿ㡣˵Ŵһ˫Сס߳˳ǳԺͲˣҪôЦ
ַº󣬸Цûջأٴνŵá
ϵͳû˵
ֻ⼸£һŲᡣʱĵǲҩ˼ƻİٰ˼ʱίȶʱҪɢʹһУߣҪʲô
ֻʲôҲ˵ϲϲظǿһˡ
ðݰԳΪļͻС;ٿȸһŰֽﲻóΪѡ
£᲻áߵĲϼҪ顪ôãģ
ԽԽŵͷϣĴָĦŨ˳ڷ
ŵŵ
ţô
ʲôʱȥ
ŵ΢΢һԼ˵ĸޣԸĴϻۣ϶֪ⲻǸͨڵ㡣
ɫȷʵҪȥʣµãԼʮҾҪߡǳģࡪҾͻԺҲˡ
ƬģϢȫȥ
ŵֻ˵Цźôµģ㵣ġ磬㱣֤ξôãܲôòأǲǣ
þòܻ
΢ŵŵ
ߣȴأǻĵͳŹƻĵζ
ţ
۾ȵĴȻ̵Ϣϡ
ɵȥ֮󣬱㲻Ҫٻˡ
л˵
޶³ϼƿջؼϲЦüͷϲɻϲһϲ˭˲÷ޡһͥǣԸ˲
ϵ˫ԣˮɽЦգ֯ˮ㽽԰Ҥܱܷ꣬޶ҲƮƮ·Ըԧɡ
Ի÷Ϸ䡷
ǰʮ_(:D)_


71 뱻
ʲô
ŵһֱˣΪʲôΪʲôһ
Ǻ, Ӽ浽˿̶ЩԾѵû˵ŵæʣǲǻ
ǵģû
ŵ֪ô, ãȻŸ
Ȼ뵽, Щ˵ļƻ, Сľȴûһ˵
¾ûеˣŵӲͷƤ֪, м¡, ҡҵһµǸСľУҵʱҵʱ
ĵ̾
ŵŵ, ȵĴḧûд
ŵԼ, һ۾ʲô
ظûд
ΪǱǲͬ磬һˣ֮жᡣ
ŵŵ, ²Ҫ, ҲٵǸ, , һʼĿĽӽ, ֪˺Ҳı⣬ҡҲû˵ҡ
, Щ, ҵЩůġ, Ψһ, û㣬ͳŲȥ
ŵӣŵŵҼֵ꣬ԼҲãȻҶȹǶѵʱ⣬㣬ҴԨоȻأ¹һ֪ҳϵߺζɱ¾ͷÿֻҪ㣬ҶᡭԼɳ׵ħ
һ˵ôĻ˵ôŵ֪ЩʣЩ£ܾĻо֮⡣
ֻ̾ҳΪõˡ㣬ƫĵ
ŵۿ΢죬ȥݵȻΪʲôҪңΪʲôһ
΢΢Цˡ
Ŀǰ㴿࿴һֻۣҪ̲סԣ˽ؽ¡
ǲҪ㣬ʵڲá
ŵʲô˼
ͳŵŵҳȥʱڽϿһϷ
Ŵǣһͷ֪£
֪
ԭֻģӡ󣬽ղ֪ȫòԭ˳Ƶɾ£һŻõĳȫü޷ⶭĻϲֻӿ
ŵʼһͷˮȻ̽£䲻֪ôƵǽӿڵΪʲôѽ
ʲôûиֻԼĸסԷŮΪǣȴֻܸ֯ˮ԰
ŵ룺ܺѽ
ҡͷϵ֮𣬼ٺǻϧؽ䣬ҲעҪίԿࡣ
ŵȥˣ淴԰ôֶܹأֻǱѡû顣Ůȥɹ֮ǰ֪ԼպҪʲôӣѡȨڶȻѡһˣǾ֤ԼľͶһ𡣡
Ըѡģ϶ѡԼҪһίܿ֡
ã
ŵͷ
۾֪ŵŵͨ͸ɰǡˣ絶ܹİܳҪ˽ؽռΪУõⰹ磬ôġ
һ֪Щһ֪ԼôὫĵףȥ񣬻صԼòձ㽫
õĽ֡
ڣֻؽŵŵ֪˼ѡȻǴʱ˿Ҫġѡң޿ܵδһܳһڡǸʱȴҲûкڵء
ᣬȴݡ˵һҲ߲ˡ
ҧ˵ʹĵĻŵŵϣԼκҪ󣬵ûؼҵͻ硣
ԭ˵ŵҡͷҲڡ
һµֱͦͦڸߣҲڵģڲԺҲᣬ磬ֻҪ㣬жѡ·ǰҲֻѡ㡣߾ҵļҰһҪȥжֿҲ֪ΪѡĶ㣬Ҳǻ̺ڣ
òΪ˸ˣֵô
ʲôʲôˣôõģŵˣǲû˵Ͳֵ֪ñҺܰ㡣
ȦѸٺˡ
һ̼ͣΨŵǰʱ˴Ž˻ȥ
·ղųеֻǴŵŵ
ŵ̴ϣֱֱ̹ҵģ֮䣬ƽϡ˵ǲҪ˴˸Ƕ٣ֻҪһһǱ㶼ֵãǲǣ
૵ôһ
ŵ׷ʣﲻһ
γˮ˳ȾİЩʧȥǡô˽ĵֱʣ˳⣬Ҳ˳Լ⡣
գǳԼ˵ȥŵŵ֮ǰ֪ǵĲ֮ҶЩʵǣסѡ񡭡
Ц£Ŀ⼫ᣬҵŵŵǴɾСŮϸиõίԼ
ŵһһֱĲԾġ
촽ţʲʲô
ʲôŮ磬ǲ˭˵ʲôǲǡһϵͳģô
㸵شŵҲˣ˭壡
Сʯ
һƬŵҲˣѾ˵ˣҲסɴ൱ŸϵͳֱӰ
ŵڣϵͳȫûеյԸ棬Ȼ˿ڣ缦
ŵѹŻ㶼˵˵ʲôˣ
ϵͳΨΨŵŵûû˵˵˵Ķʵ
ʵʲôɾŮ⡪˵Ķʲôˣ˵ڣϵͳ˵˻治ˣ治Ρ
ŵûеһʱ׷Υ£ϵͳ׳˵㣬ǵ簡򵥽һ¶ѣ˵𡭡˵Ǻܡ氡ܶϡƽⲻôǵĲ಻һĴȷȲǵ˰Ҳ˵ɾ˵ʲôʮһôô˵
ܺãǲǵÿһĶ£ŵϵͳ˵Щʲôð̣˭˵Щģ˵˵ܲ˵Ϊʲô۸
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пɱӸάܵһ֮Ķǲֻܶû˽⣻ǿʳ磬һִͨ˹ܱȵ֣
ŵ۸ģлж尾ѹһʱԿʹǸȻҾͰ涨֡
ദôãϵͳѾ̫˽ŵ˵ӲĴԼû˵ÿһֶʵôļƻҲôãƼļƻ㣬Լǳû뵽ءûйҲпͣͳ˵仰
ŵ𣬡Υ㻹ˣľ˵ˣҲǸ߹һԼ͵ģΪʲôҪ˵ôֵĻ
ǻ㡭ʲôҲΪԼ˵
ΪԼŵҲ޷ܣ㲻ңֻҲʸԺЩ顣
ϵͳ̲ס⣺˵Ҳûʲô֪ôȨ㡣һô죿ֹˡ
ѹģŵͺ
Ҽž
ϵͳ˵һԵĸҲȫϢ
ŵβЩʣѹסǻ̧ۣסؿڣǴӣɪɪ
ŵŵȻɫϸŵŵôˣʹôҴȥҴ򡪡
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ŵͻȻϵͳҲһȻ֪󣬵⵽ֵǵͷˣ㣬ĲԣҲΥġ
󣬡ǸԲ𡭡
СŵڴϣѪɫСϧ纣һǹһûעϵͳ
ŵСѣСʯ˵ˡ
ͷţûϵ
Լŵһʱû˳ɻûȥŵ̲ס̾Ϣӻְϵͳˡ
עӸ棺磬˵˵Ļ̫ˣֻΪѡǱ˴˵ûиߵ͹еҲ޷һȽϣ㲻ҪΪĻԷƱ
𴽽ǣһһ䣬к󣬾˶ҲһҪ
Ǹϵͳŵһ䣬֪ŵŵִµףҲûʲô˺
ˡ
΢ƻḧգŵֱ̧ϣЦ磬ϻأҵҲҪ˵һÿ˶Ժû۱׼ͬ˶ڵõ硣
Һܰ㣬ְûκֻΪϲ˶ѡûҶ˵ȷ˵ҵίҾûбҪŵͣ˵㿴Ϊ˺һ˶ٶ١ⲻǰĸ磬ʲôֻҪһֻúҸҪ֪ѡҪҸ
ôϲ㣬㲻ҪԼòã
Ʋסֱӽŵڻ
ͳɤͷ𣬡ŵŵŵŵ
ŵգ磬˵ԶңʵҲһһԶġ֪С󶼲κ˵Ҫʲô֪ϰˡҪǴӽԺһˣڣԶ˵ҲҪǳ춮ίԼȫˡ
ô֪ҪĲҪأҲǡǡͨԲԣ
ͷʣزһŵ۵С
ŵü΢̧ͷдŹЦ⡣
ˣзȻ̡
ɣŵŵҲû㡭ٳŲסȵĴ޷΢
˵ѹ֡΢ҲԸ߰ɣһˣһܺúܺáǱߵʲôңһ뾡취ȫԸ㡣
ŵЦãҴӦ
ͷҵĳ
䴽۾۵⡣
ԭ쵽ǹƽģһӵеĿ𲻸ʧƫģĿѲңԭյʱƫֲ
ŵƺ֪״һϸСһ۾ûˮֻо޸΢ʪ
⶯øְЦֲ÷ſ
ֵŵŵڿ԰ЩʲôŵŵһôãȻʹȴ֪˿ûֵܹ顣
⵹Сŵ鶯תתȻһЦ۵ĺ촽ҡ
ʧЦ׾پԼһ̸
˳ѴߢĻϡ
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ŵŪЩЦԱ߶㣬㰥ôᡣ
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Цٶ繣ȷ뼸֣ȴ綬ˮȥݼ͹ƻģޱ߰
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ڸǷ඼ûиԷЩ¾͡͹ȥɣԺ󶼲Ҫ㳳ˡ
ŵŵô𣿸΢Цǲᳳܵģŵŵٲ۸ˡ
˵ôûžЩáۣŵŵϢһᣬ㡣
ŵȷƣ룬Ļ̫ůˣڴ˯ƫҪ˯
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ŵãȻͷԺ򣬡磬һֱҿѽ鲻飿
ǳЦްġѺãȥá
ŵһôֳԷ
ʲôͷһͣȻҪúóԵġŵŵ㶼ݳˣܳԶٱԶ٣ô
ðɣŵԹԵͷ
ĵ˼ڣû³ŵ֪ҲǼˣڸûֻһͷ㽫ˡ
ȻʲôҲû˵ŵ֪϶ĬĬģĥôתƻ⣬ͷһ𣬵һ¡
ѽһܵǰиҴøģȻһ㣬֮ǰûлᡭá
˵ſģתȥԱ߹﷭ҡ
ಽţŵŵСЩԺҪȻָòˡ
ŵͷһů֪ҪĶղ֪ӿĨ糺졣
ʱûʲôóеȣš磬ҵһ£ΪʱȽϲִ׼ĲǺܳ֡ԺͲˡ
߬ŵתξ۾ӳӰȻһġšɣҲġ
ĽøȻʧЦ֪ŵָʲôһûɰοϲá
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ŵֻҲİֻǽһݣҲ籦ء
ŵѾܺˣѾʮ꣬ɱϼصˡµͷžԼ̫٣мֱЩ֡
һǣĴƣ˸ǳһЩӣΪʱ̫ԣûа취͸㡭磬Ǹ
л˵


72 ⶾ֮

Ƭ̣ŵŵ͸
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ͫ΢, ΢΢ŵƽӣḧ, ŵŵҵŵŵ
̫ϲ޴, رֻһôĴָĦôãá
ŵ, ḥ̈㲻áر, ΪһҲأҲǺܺã롭šеò֡ΪҲղʱȷʵе, ҪȻȴ򿪿
͵Ц, ô᲻أ
ƽһ, ŵŵ͵, ׼ʱڵ, Ǳ˴˶Ѱ
Ƿ, 
ʶס, ĸɾһɫķ, ˼, 籣㼫أʤƮ
ģûԼЦж
ŵתĿ⣬Ƴ𿪺δչԥƬ̣Сѵ԰չĩҡ˶
öˣ뻹Ǿǻ˵㡣Ϊʲôûж࿼һ߲ӦΪ˽ܾͲϵͳӦðġ
ʱֻųûرƫĶȱʲôﲻǽ鱦ý䲻ԲԼ⡣˼ȥЩʲôЩ
ǲˣһʱ䣬ҲһġɰԹʵڲҲ̶áһѡ˸ɵġ٣ʲôҲԣ̫󣬿ɫһЩҲ̫ˡ
˵ʮǿиģ˿õǰôһ䡪֥ɾȴͬУǺܹġ
ŵĻ󣬱㽫չȻĩϸͼһ֮£ŲסЦˡ
ẉ̂㡪Цʲô
ЦֻǾúܿɰ
ģ
š
һ˵ţָĦǴССͼȻʵʲôⲢȰһŵŵֱʣûкúѧԼ뷨һһġ
ĵůӿŵŵáһһߣȺЦۣò֪ôźá
ŵЦãܶⶫ˵õģҲֻˡ
չȥƣȻôһŵʵ磬ϵʲô𣿡
΢΢һ١
֪ŵЦûϵҪ֪ԼʲôҲ
ӣȻͼӡԺǲƿ۾ǡԧ죿
ŴԼеֳ˫ɶԣǲ²⡣
ŵǴ㡣
һʼԧţתһ룬õĶ᲻ԵЩС㻻˴㣬֮
ŵ룺ԭԧʹһ׾ˡ֪ˣǵֵˣԼ֣Ҳʣԧǿȥ֡ףΪʲôмأʲôͷԺ󣬱ҲͲᡭ
˼ûиŵȻһȻ
ллŵŵҺϲ̵Ϣڶߣÿһֶ
ŵü̲סЦˣϲͺã¸ҿ϶õġ
͵Ӧָϸû˵֣
ȻûУôСġ
䴽һĬĬ
ʮˡ
һ꣬ػ
ǰʮĿһԵ΢ģӽԺűҸϲ֮ˡ

ѩϪպοŵȻ£֪˵ʲôһ޽١ԭҲ⣬ֻǶ˻ʱԷٵӣ֪˸òȰͣ涼û¶ֻԼ˵ȥ
ϵˣ֮𣬲һֱڴͣʱ䲻࣬Ƕ˼ǵʱѩϪŵ˻رĮ֮¡
ֱѩ˵һǶ˲֮ǰЩᣬѩҲԸ᣻һ棬ŵŵ˵ܿԷ
Ҫ£ŵܿת
˼ŵҲ⣺ĳǲߵ·ѩϪȷʵһֱٽ꣬ЩȥҲá
ŵ̽ʣأ
᣺ŵŵϲѩô
ŵҡͷҪϲϲ
֪Ҫ뷨
ŵ룬磬ʵҲûȷ𰸣ΪѩбסԸ⣬Щ㲻룬˿ǿҲָͬݡ
ݣҲҪԳһ㣬ǵȵߵĻŵЩ˼˵΢΢򴽡
΢ЦȵѩϪٵλô
ŵЩȻǡ뷨˵Щ˽뿪㲻úչԼҸҿ㣬ѩϪֵܣֻġȻ֪ҲܿɿֻΪ˱֦һ֮ǰʱܸŵ£ԾֻʣѩϪˡ
ֵֻģȻǻӣҲļ֮˻ʵȴһҡҸܷЩ
̾Ϣ֪ˣŵŵ
һգ˵ұᰲĵ㣬ԱֻչԼҶԵġ֪ɵĲ£Ըһ˹µصȣһĻ
ϲϻݣĲҪҪֻһˡ
ŵŵ뷨ѩݣȴһֻᵥһˣŲ¡
ȻȴŵŵۣӦд£һҪԭڵ֪ȷԼ̫ãıϸкúţǸԿࡣָݺ󲻿ɱƽΪۣҲ⡣
ȻŵҲһ㣬Լ֮ǰĻشӰѡ񣺡磬㲻һ֮ǰ˵ԸǹƽӣҾϻìܵĵطԲŶ´𰸵ġǧҪңǨңһ˳ǡ
ҵ⣬ѧĻû˿ǿ
Ŀᶨŵͷ
ѡƱҪǸʵܸؼҾͺˡ
뷨ȴ̫ʵŵ룬֮ܿԺ
ԥŵŵ
ɣȴŵһ˫۾γӷ·˵㣬һ㶮ڱ˵ģǰһԸԿֱ˵
ǳǳ䴽뷨˵ŵŵֻҲ˿̾ͺѩϪһ·
һ㵽ĮҲ̽һʱ֮԰٣ŵŵձҪȥ˱ʵࡣӲã·;ܲסֻᲡˡ
ҲʲôΪѵĴ£ŵûԭ򣬱ͷȻѽģǸߡ
εǸߣ롭뿪ٶ·𣿡
ŶŵЩȻףҪ󣬺Ϊ롪ڵ״ܵȷܲס·;
ɱۿŸѩϪŷߵģһ
ŵŵ֪ף˫գЦŵŵңûôʣʱղ࣬ͱˣߺȥĮ
ðɣ˼Ƭ̣ŵӦ£ûʲôȵвҺܿͻģһȥѰ㣬㲻ԣ͡ͷ㡣
Цʲô
⻹ûãŵ˵֮ܿ¡
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ڶѩϪ̳ٱʱøŵֻͣԺſڸ
ˣŵŵͿʼԣ˷磬ȥüˡ
ͲãŵϣûѩϪֱӵ·Сġ
ŵЩεĴһֶ࣬ѩϪЦô˵ҲҪ͵ţûµġ
֪ôģգЩ̡
ˣŵŵʲôơͣø·
ĲãˣͷףαЩ񡣶ѣѩϪһ۸Ҳֵܡô⣬շȥɣȻ·Ҳǡ
ǣңŵЩ԰׵ɫ׻ǵЩϾԼ⣬ĻҲ˩ϡ
ʵϣֱ˿ҲûܷģŵĻ·һ߰㣬һµʱ䣬罥ʧȥ飬ԽԽ
ѩϪŵĶȴҲ̲ס붣ѩŵŵӲãһҪúչ취Ե㶫ʲôѴ˵ϵʽš
ף֪
ʻУѩϪչ¶һ΢ЦڱĮǣŵŵЩˣ;

ԴѩϪŵܸоԼÿ¡
ոһֱ϶ŲãȻ֪ȷڣŵҲԼ϶ŲǸڡ
һλ赹ۣǳߵĸ
ʵչϣĽһ㵭ɫǷ޾˫ֻüɢȥһʹǡ
ŵۡȻ֪ǡֻǻȥ϶Ҳܵɡ
ʶ̧ȥȴڰءͷʹĳ
ǲǰĿŵ̫ǳˣӦִǰĳϦϾշ
ŵţһֱ͸˵ټҲ֪϶᲻뽫ʱϵһ̣Ը뿪Լôţһֲĥ
ôٱ֮ʻһһġѹ
ŵĿⳤڸϣɫᶨԣպǶһֺαִʮյأ罫һ°ˣҲ÷ĵߡ
ŵŵĳ񣬺ˣЩˮɡ
ŵŷӦԼղŷûָѾֺˮȻѽУ硭Բ𡣡
ƵģҶԲ㡣
Σʲôɵ
ŵ̧۰ɣģٻʱܽ㵣ġ
⻰ŵ˵ΣѼ£ʵˣҲܵ˿̵ۣ֪Ҳۡ𣿳Ե㶫òã
ŵ΢ᣬǰȻִ̫ˣһֱǡ
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ҿǹˣһֻʣʮһ죬⸱岻ãһġȻҲҪߣһ顣
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ŵΪŪˣЦЦʵһ¡ҵһһôֻһҾ룬Ǻβǵ¡
ظǵ¡Լ²⣬ŵ
ΪĿ⣬ŵһĪһߵǰˣʳǽûнҩΨɡֻҪ㽫ɵڣԺͲᱻĥҵٻʱỻԼĽ壬ȫȻҵ϶ܲ綾Ӧúܿͻᡭ
ԽԽСֻԽԽɫĿˮ֪ͬ⡣
ʲôҲû˵ת߸ոռõҩ޳ɾִףҨһҩ֭ϸϸ˵ݵŵߣҩŵŵ
ŵסʾܾĿת
ֵùε̾ҩ鵽һߡ
Ϊʲôϣ
ŵ׷ʵΪʲôͬⰡΨһĽⶾ취Ҳ˺κˣЩҲҪģ֪ϵͳʹУҲоʹġὫϵĶ˲ͦõô
ĬƬ̣ŵŵӦ˽ʳǽζֱϣд˶ɱ
ǣ֪ʳǽǼɱУ书׿ֻҪѹƣʳǽֱҪǡǡˣҲܱͨ˸ʹࡣ
־жͣɱһĲʹ
ŵͣҡͷҲҪҲܣԺ󶼲˵ģΪʲôҪôõĻ᣿һʼеģߣɻﲻԣҲܾͿʼ
㺢ֺֺЦϣôʼ
ǴⲻˡŵѾЩżΪʲôΪʲôϴӦҲҪʳǽĶԭûнǲǾһ£ʹ
ǣ֪˵Ķģŵŵ顭ô㡣
ˮ۶һʹȴ֪λشġΪʲô
ҪˣҲʳǽоʹΣ
ѵ˵һ䡰ĶҲܵͷӦõģɵϡ
ûΪʲô
ŵ˵л̫Ӧˣˣͬɣòãˣ˵ʲôӦңܾҵҪģ
֪ԼЦ˵Ҫ󣬿һô
˿̣¿ŵŵһĶžǷˣҲܽ綾д塣
Ī˵ǲ׼ˣ뱾Ҳ¡
ҪڣŵǰĴǣնͷطһͨͬɣͬɡ
̲סͷЦˣǺ֡
ŵסԵͷС죬ƣͬ⡣
л˵


73 ˭
ŵ˵ˡ
̴Ӧ, û뵽̬ôһ˿ضûС
ĺ˷Ѱʳǽûнҩ·Ž, ڲκ˵, 
ʲô֪ҲͰ, ûʹ, ôƫƫǲأ
ŵ벻, ſڴϱͷͳ
Ҳܣκŵŵ, ˣҩóԷ, òã
ŵͷҶԹ԰ҩˣҲûɿڣ㡭㲻ƽҪǲӦ, ҲԷˡ
˵ͰͷŤ˻ȥ
̿, ⲻǺӻʲô, вٳҲ÷, ôӦ, ȥ
ױסüֺ壺ŵŵ, Ҫ뿪, ǰһ, Ҿͼ̣ԼӡͰ, Լ
ŵЩޣǱס磬ͬ˰ɣôõĻ˷ѾͿϧˣҲе۲𣿡
סӣ˵ˣŵŵⲻͬͬ¡
жٸһʧǰᣬ綾壬Ҳ
ôôŵʡ
ͷ
Ҫ㲻ҵŵ͵һʲô˶С߲ˡһⶾ󡣡
ĿЩŵ֪Լ˵ˡ
硭˵ô㶼Ӧˣ
ͷϧ
ûȻǿûҡ˿ŵԼĬһᣬƺԼͨԣǿ˼ڷˡ
ˣҲ͵û˵£ʲôҲֻϸչ֮·Ϣȥˡ
ϣŵͷøķš
մһڱ뿪û뵽̹ܿ쿪ţôŵŵ
ҹﲻ䣬ŵһͷԵúܴʶݡ
·ֵȲ裬˯𣿻جΣ㡭
ŵ˵껰Ļᣬֱ齽ͷһӣ֪ͨҪһ˯
Цãŵŵô
ôУֲûһ˯
ҿ˴ˣֻȻñȴˡεŵŵǹң˵ġ
ŵдʣûʲôģ˵ʵ˰ôô룬ҵģҲģǲһôûʲô˵ġ
˵ùΪðɣ˯ߵϡ
УŵɣҲ˯
ҪˣƺԼӦ˶˯ļơ
΢΢Ҫ˵ŵ˾䣺㲻ҵѨȻ˯ȥҪɣһǳ϶ˣ
仰Ըɱǿǰһ뿪Լ˵һ仰Ǵ˾䡣˿ʱڵ㣬Ầ¡
ǰŵڻУҲŵŵᣬ㲻Ҫҡ
Ȼ޴룬ŵ˵㣬ô¡Ҿ˵˵ôĲأҵѨ
ͷš
ŵȫʤΪϴŤͷһۻЩ㶵ĸֱǣֽ
Ϩơ
ֺЦָϨ˵ơ
һһ谵
¹ǳǳŵ˵ȴúܣ帵ݣ㿿Щһϸֱ۳ס
΢ͷŵŵҪʲô
ʲôҲ˵꣬ŵսǡ
һ˿ҹ΢΢üظʲôҲ
ѽ£ŵףҪҲҡ
˰üǼȵϢ˴˽־ֻ̧̧°ͣ׾ǵŵ˵̲סˡ
ŵĴŵϣ˫ֲסԼ
΢ƫͷǣأ
ڰǵ繣ϢҪ£ŵ̼Ϸ֣סռǡ
ŵԽԽ룬һֻ۾
ʼֻһ϶תתЩ
˿۾Ӧڵĺڰ˫ۣȫۣշת࣬ǡȴ㣬ϣԡ
ָ⺮һ˲䣬ٿȻϣ֮ץס
Ȼᣬȴ˲䶯ã޷нһ
ŵŵſĴȥǼ˵ʱ޲꣬͵͵ŵΪģҶ㣬²С
ǰ࣬ûץʹ㣿
¶ָҲߣŵɥˡ޷֮ոȷȫͶ룬ֻǺĽʱͷôᷴӦô죿
ۿߣ֪ʲôģ
֪ЦȻһֲˣұ֪Լ취ȥˡ
ʦδѾ͸ˣжǳʧܡ
ӲԣüҲɣŵƲƲ죬ۿдתᣡΪʲôҪֹңа취ȻԺÿʮһͻʹһΡҩʹҲֻܻС룬ôʹô찡
һ޸ͻˣŵŵޣûµģûôۡ
˿̿ۡ
޴Ϊᣬˣᣬù֣ʹҳôޡ
ŵף岻סҭҭȻסĿһҿԡ
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һС
ĳôܲһʶƻԼжг⣬¼ƻʧܸô졣һĺ֡ʱ޷֣ʧʱлɡ
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ҺóɹˡŵૣûղգûаҩɽУһпҲˡ
ҩ£ƶ긵֪ҩǻŭ𣬷ŭȴεϧŵŵ㡭Ϊʲôԣô죿
֪һ뿪ԽԽٽܲʹ
ѾԳܣοҪķʽߡ
ŵУ΢΢𴽽ǣ֪ԣ硭˭㡭ôء
ЪһЪûбİ취֪ҿŲȥˡ¶ģٹҲܳŵ㶾֪ʲôʱ򡭡Ҿˡ
ŵŵ
ŵ̧ͷæøЩ΢΢̧ܿԼ硭ûκ£óЩҲЩΪⶾɡ
ᣬͲеģʹô꣬ҡ
ȡҺáöԲ㡭͵͵ںöΣǸʱ򡭡ôû㡭ȥ㡭
㣬ŵŵûдŵգĻѵԩͷծĴǲĴ
ŵ˫΢䣬硭ãûйֹҡµҩأһͺú˯һʣµĽңԺҲ
˵䣬ѾƤ΢гأͷһ𣬡ŵŵ㽫ҩɸңȻǰ½ҩҡˡ
ŵϣҡͷ
ŲҪҲģɴӦˣ
о΢΢˻ΣŵһɵҩЧһѸϯյʱ䣬˯
ŵͷϣϸԣϢһоϽЩ۾ϵͳ鵽ȫ衣
ʳǽΨ֮ɽ⣬֪ɲֻܱȶԷԼ壬Ҳа취ȡ
˼飬ȷһʧŵһǸͷ
ĵ׼Լĺԥ

峿
תǰѲԼһϢǿ̹ĵϤ
жȻһٿȻۣӥ
ҹ˲ӿԺ䶨ܾҩĻ档
Ȼй˫΢أСҰ׵ûκѪɫӵֽܲκ
ŵŵŵ
һ˲䣬˵ǰδеɿ̹Ѿ֪ʲôķ·شҵѪģŵŵѡ
ŵŵŵŵˡҡ۾Ұɡ
ĺãŵŨܳ˲۾
ȥ̫ˣ۵Ķǰҧ
ŵŵŵŵԲ𡭡۲۰
ۡŵش
һЦ磬˵ֻ岻áҪˡҿ˷һ㶼ʹġҾǡûʲô¡
ŵ۵Ĵᷢ͵˵һŵ.Ϣ˺ü
ʳǽԼڣԵĶԽ峹ƻԳһȸǶбӰԾˣѹ־ġ
ŵЦ£ûµġ磬ʳǽˡԺҲôʹˡ
޿ƹͷ޷
ҿˡҪԹԵңúչԼ
ҡͷķȽ˺ݣ𡭡С
û׼ÿʱÿ̶׼ʱʱ̿Ϊǽݡδͷ֪һ˳
θԼŵŵֻ뿪ȴҲ޷һʱ
ŵŵȱߣߡҧ־˹£ŵŵ¡
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ѵֻܱޣమ֮Уѵֻнܡȴ޷Լˣ
ŵץĴָ֣Ħ硭Բ𡣡
˵Բ𡣶Ҳá
ŵҡͷСļ˲㡣
۽ϱ˱ͷԼ
ŵֻһུǵռԼȵĴӡ棬ͣסûƿ֪˵ʱסԽĲδɢֻǱԽѹԽԽԽ
ۿ΢ʪŵŵ⸱ģУѸܵ缴ֻʣһ˵յ
ŵһ޷ڲصĴĵϧ䴽ЦЦ磬Ҫޣ۾κõģñҪŪˡһ㲻ϴˣһҲİͷҶεˣٿһҲġ
ɫ԰ֽ֪ԼжһλԽԽͣ󼸺
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ð
κϢˡ
ȵĹԼСվ̫߹ԼŵŵֹͣĵһʱȻܲס
ΪΡ
ΪΡ
Ѫķһ̧𣬴ԽƬʡ
ѡһʮִԼ˵˿̣δ˱֮ʱ

ѵֻԴУһΣ
İӳڸĿУֻʣһƬܿãİסͫ΢ӱһһתΪƫִ
ŵŵΣεĶԼǵǿȴǿ޼᲻ݡ
Ψһı
ǵĺâ׵УγǵߣֻҪ룬ȻΪƸΪꡣ
ͱһȨô
ͷйﰲȻĿͬ˯һ㡣
ŵһ̸¶飬૵ŵŵŵŵż粻鷳ĻԹԵ¡
Ҳֻ¡
ǲٸŵŵȴʱ䣬Ϊأ޾磬֮⣬˭Ҳš
˵Σ⣬صߣԡ
ڵұ̲ƫִķ籩ºδ顣¡ұȥ㡣
л˵
ⲻס㷢ǰʮ_(:١)_


74 ֡ϣТȫ

ʮһʮš
ŵ۾
ƹӳǰ, ϤĮ̇
룬ժʮߡ
ƿҵţŵͷжϵԴתͨרͨ롣һûʹõЩ΢, ߵò, һһӸ첲
̨ܿǰ, ŵ޴ĵʾһۣ֡
ԲЩһѹһ롣ɣ̫, Щ°ǰܰá
ǰβ, СʱĸСʱ֮Ҳضˡ
Ӳ彥ӿ, 룬Ҳ֪ôˡ
ǰ·ǰ, ؼͰ˾Ὣ¡ֽڣ췭ظ
ٿһЩС
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Ÿոշ, ȴѾʼ˼ˡ
ɺŵݿ, 첽߳, ͷһۣʮ֡
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ռܴ, ں, Ǵ鹤ʵٵ, ʮһλܿҲ
ŵŲҴ, ݿ̨ߡǰִΪڣĴΣ·ߺҵ̶Ȼһƿȴһ¡
ܿҵĴ̨أ
ŵ룬æסԱ߾ŹĹС㡪˼һ£ϴݵĴ̨ôˣ
СȻһЦȥŴ˰ɣʱ̫Ϣûϡĸǰ½һ¥¥ǸԲ̾´̨ݲ䣬㰴ǰĲС
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мһ˹ϴݣһλ壬ݿ档
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Ŀ£ű㿪ʼɿŵٶȾˣԭ̨ڹ꣬ҪһСʱڿλ̨ӣƺʮӾܽ
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⣬ŵΰ칫ңܲɣֲڡ
ûȷϵ˲ӱסˣܵһ߸꣬ãʡǿȥ𣿡
Էɻ󣺡Σ
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βϰߴǹŴơŵšܻʱû㡣
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˵绰ŵ

촦칫ҵţŵеҪֻǸ˵˵֪ͨͬⲻͬ⣬ҪվʾͲһˡ

ŵŰţһڰ칫ˣ˾䣺塣
ŵŲ豭һ̧ͷ۾Բˡ
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Ҳһ룬֣Ȼ˵ǰˣϲȥŴô˵ȥ˰궼ˣȥɣôҴ绰⺢ôôʵأȥȥϼѽ
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ŵеЦε壬ҲȫΣҲΡ
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еⲻסǡŵŵŵû忪ЦɣҪȥģߣ
ŵͷȴᶨ壬ѾˣϲôҲΪ˺һȥɡ

УôУ嫷ӦһھܾŵŵôܴӦ£ҷԶҶģôͬ⡭ֵطˣزίô죿ô죿⺢ôôɵ㣿
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һ˵ͿʼĨᣬ߿ޱ߳飬ǲаǸǩģ˵ˣһΣͲˡˣҪȥȡǴ¹ʣôûˡ
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л˵
ص㣺áá
⣬ҽ쿴֧Ŵ֧ȥִģ˳˼֧ǣ󵨵㣬СѵǸȫҪ
ǰʮ


75 ֡Уռо
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ѳԼǰ֪һˣֱ¸, ޱİɷ, ۰ļ˷ˡ
ǲܵģ, ҶԲ㣬ΪˡҰ, ҴӦ, ڵҡûĺܲΡ
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ŵɫ׵ҡͷ, ס
嫿ŵ⸱ģ, ޿κΣ, ǰСһ㿲
ڲӦ, ŵŵǻѹ, ƽƽġǸսɱ¾, ޷˿ȣ޷ðգ
ŵŵջһʱ֮ܲˣ⡣ؼҺúϢһ£쵭˾ͺˡ
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Ĩ۾УϹȥ
ͷŵŵŵϢһ¡
ԥһ£۵ӣӦ㣬Ҳ̰ͻȥļڣǿ粻ģ
ú룬̸֮𣿡

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ץŹܵϵͳңѯ
ŵСãQFN1036ڰȫɨУɨʱԤƻʣ70Сʱ23ӣɨɺԶʱĸף졣
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Բ𣬲ִ֧
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ŵ˫΢ȻɨѡҲʹԽм٣Ȼ֪ܼӶ죬ֻҪܿ˵Ǻ¡
ջƲ塣
۰Լȴδ˽Լ
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ʱݺɲݳ·
֪;ĺ
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˿µհǹ
֪˷ȥ˺ڰһ
ͬܣ

2023.02.03 ܷ
л˵
ʱݺɲݳ·
֪;ĺ
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˿µհǹ
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ͬܣ
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лһ·ֵ֧ı~ᣬ䣨о7㣩
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