簲ˡߣãã
İ
ڷڣ尾
ʵ½㲻̫˸ֵĺ塣
Դҽƽ֮ԭеĶͻҷˡ
·̣ûκμиĪͱDEBUFFĸİ¹ʵҲûʲô
нţˣɱһԹĽ
ĿҲܼ򵥣һСլӣһЩڣһ˳ʳСӣϮҹһȻԺӡ
ԣ˴ĵ·תһأ
սڴ˵׼ֳֺУڻ֮УˮӿĵݣҲд˾Ĳǡ
ף
Ůһ·ǰС񣬺ڼŶӣƪģֽ߿
صף
ŮҲǸߣʵȥ

ݱǩ Խʱ Ůǿ ־ 
ؼ֣ǣ½  ǣŷɣ  
һ仰飺ôɵ
⣺ϵĻȥ

Ʒ
ΪһŵլŮ½δгһջᱻĩ꣬Ȼ·̵ͣ￨սͦǿбµɱںΪһȷԭĵ·
ƽӽˡڷڣ尾ʱڣ̻˵ײеѪᣬŮĴãᶨ𲽳ɳΪһλŮĹ£ӽ棬ıʷʵڽա

1 
žԼζȻӲȥˡ
֮ǰü򵥣ƽƽңӽ±ݣڹׯЪͣƫִҪҹ·ʯŹɿЪ
ɵҲ򵥣ׯʮ̶Ǵͣ¡ҪҲƣĸۣҪǮ޷ѡ
Ҵѹսʱסĵ
ֻҪʱɿӪկʱ۱˽ˡ
͵ҩԭyɿоӣֻ·öһ֧ѣɿʱٻʮǮǺƣӪկָ˯㣬ͷ¿ӵĲҲʡȫ
Щڴ˿̶ѸɢתΪ޾Ļ⡣
Ҳ˶ڣճɽ·ϣֻڣֳֻ׵ˡ
ʱѲ䣬УܿԷڵϱ鲼˺붳
ʯŹʯɽ̣˿̱ߺҲü
ʱΪ⼸ҲδرҪȡ
Ϊ֮ƣֻȸĿ
λλ¿أλߣæģȡƣģλβȡǮԸ·أ
ܻ࿴һۣǳϣװЩʲô
ʱдߣЩҩĽֻڴ˶ʧٸҪԼļҲȥ
һҩǮ㲻˵ҵҲҪԪˡ
һĳʹȻ֪ûѣʵʵ˸ЦӦһ
Щơ¡ͷ̡
ȻΪ׵ĺ϶ݣҩģҩģҲҹ·
ٸ۱ȵý͸⣬Ǽϵı鲢ʮУ֪ʲôĻֺǣСҲ޷ҲӦ
а߿ζĻĬһӦ
ˣüǧǮϵĸһ
ǧǮʲôСĿۣлһôһҩıסˡ
ҪǣǵҲסˡ
˵ģʮֻȴӳȡ˶ɣټһǾƣ˹ȥȻΪ׵˴򿪾һţЦˡ
ɾ
ȻҪܲ
ǧǮ˼ҩں⼸ʱ벻ıʷˡ
˵ҲǸͷԵۼƷѣʹںСôһ䡣
̫صľʣǾҲ˷
ǸΪ׵ôһ죬ŲͣͻȻת
ĸ̫أ
Żæס죬Ȼδơ
ƺãһλ˵ͷ⼸ŷɥǼǧǮǡ
Ȼy̫أ

֮ڣƽսΨʸyˣλڳնƽ׼򣬿ơ¡
ֻЩʿ˶ԡ
ڻɽ·ϣӳܱĪ
Ϊ׵Ǹ˿Լֵܣֽ˻С
ͳһƣȴܿɫĻɫ
Ҳһ㣬ͳĻƽϵͷϡ
ȥӣ
֪ҵȽƽǰһ˵
Ŷϣ򼱹ĵýַھӿڱλʳС˶Էϵ飬֪ǱضӲȥˡ
ƽŻ׵ʱӦߣһƬհףȷûӣ޶ԺҪζնˡ
֧䴩˵һĻƽʱȫʶʲô
ֻ˳˵µķȶһŹȥ
ʣµƽȻڵѪо飬ȼ̶˻ѣӽ·ԵĻĴ֮С
·ϵЩʱ䣬ɫѽȥ谵һƬĻЩԹ佫Ѱճҹе
繳ҹããǼ˶˻ѣűҲѰǵټ
δĹȻѰõ
ݳδŵɪɪܾһƬ֧ʸƿʱļ֮ͷ
Ĵ֮У죬ﵹء
ƶϣںҹֱһܣῴѰҩģͷһƬհףӲſڵϲֱּ˳˻ⷶΧڣŸ̧ͷ
ǸʮᣬԼĪֻʮ߰꣬һ̴ͷ鲼ŵһŹƾҲһѻ׵⣬Ī˵ңֵǮ֮Ҳޡ
Ѱòˣһأֻ˵һּԼҹĺžȻǸŲ¡
߽λСŷ󻹱ʲôԺڲסϵΣԼ࣬һ˿ԼһߣһϸС
Ȼζϸ˵ʱææӭȥͷݡ

⳵ʣװʲô
ɤƣͬɳĦһĴ·˻ãѾ
æЦЩơ¡ͷ̡
ʲô
겻ʶҩģæһ䣬Щҩ
䲻ʲôѪĳ棬ʶ˵֪Ѫɱ֮ˣתС뷽跨ҪסԼһҩġ
ƺǳҩûʲôȤ˵Ļ׵ȻֿʼǾʬ塣
ֻǼΪƽܣȻЩûˣأƣ⳵ҩĲֳɵģ
ֻѳһ׵Ҳ٣ֱ߽˻Ĵз˷
ЩĿѹǼƽʬ塣
һ׵һìʮֲƵĶС
бƽߵһǮ
ôѶߵǰȽǮݻ
ЩͣӲûзӦüǮֱĻ
Щô
ûзӦķӦ
ҲûзӦ
һֱֱĶЩı
ȱǮոǴǮβأ
ļ˭Ҫɣ
ſǻǮȨлԳΣ
궢һ
ƺȥǴǮסԼ
Щô

뷨ڲͬŻæ˵ͷԸգԸա
ʲôۣ
֪룬ʵ֪Щʲô۵ģ֪ԼչҲ֪ʲôչ
һҲͼ⳵ҩģβ㽫ǴǮлأ
ǧǮΣ
꿴˿ֿ˿ͭαǧǮˣ˭£
ſʼĸҴΪһŵġ
Ϊʵ̫ˡ
žûɤ
½Լ˵ֻǸԻΪƽƣһ·뵽ƽʱסʯŹéԺżЩ׳ԡ
ڽЩȥʱǻ᲻Ȼͣ٣һֱܷ˵ǻѻᶨŵĲ롣
Ǹҵӣƽ֮Ҽˡ
ʱ˶٣ƺһ£½㡣
һˡ
㣿
̩ɽܻߣΪ̸ܻƽ֮Ϊ֮λݶˣ
ţ㶣Ŀƿ㡣
ʹᣬףֶһסڻɽ֮УŲɵ֮ġ
ȥȻƣѾĸ˳ƺ
͵ܺιԿࣿΪβ̴ס
룬Ҳ֡
ƾ͵ܵı£ѵѰõְλ
˫ˮһӶʲôְλ
˵Ϊ
ҡҡͷҲ顣
ǡͶĳλ£͵Ҳð
һҡҡͷɡ
ΪΣ
ҵСɲĻơ
ʲô
ѵգϧ
ԼСžţɿڣҩĵĲۻҪٷ£ѱ·ϲ粨ܽ£֪ѣַھӣҲÿˡ
ܾôˣ룬и£ȻۣʿԣҲЩͼǮʹ죬жĲãʵϡоС˵׮أ
ǣֵһλʽڹĶĵϾӪһ̣Сشλ飬ÿɱ⣬ȱһбİ﹤
˵ʵƾλļǴ֣²Ф֮λһִٲ˵ģǸϰٸһġƫҲδ֪οҪȥɱ֣ÿ׷
۾һɰ
Ϣ㿴ˡ


2 
ԭ㡣
дʱԼһرգرӣѩ֣رĳ
DM￨ҧͷѡάȡ޶˹˹ʱλ۾լܲƵĿһۡ
ôָ
ǹȣֱ׳˵ٲ롣
DMʡһáĻʮƽľض˵ô趨ԼòûϵҪ㣬ֵôͻӰ쵽NPCĹ۸С
ĺѻǿı׼΢Ц
ûϵǶ򲻹ҡ
֪5ȹʲô
Դ5ħսʿ֮ûһ¶Цˡ
ʵȷʵ˵Ҳûν
ʱŮ˲׷ľҪЦ¶ݣٽҲû˵ưͰɣ
ڣ˵Сô£
ÿһ·˶ָ˷ô£
ÿһȵˣ߹ٸǵǮô£
һȭöԷ֮󣬶Էر⡣
֪ΪΣɾԹޣǲɾĶ顭
Ϊһ181620ǵĺнʥսʿԻڡǿһ࣬˼ݣϵĺƷ
Խ˽£ɲýֻڻҰ
ܴܣҰҰ
˵ⲻĶ⣬ҲDMĶ⣬ֻ˵
5ȹܾİ_(:١)_
Եȥʱûôԥ壬ҲҪһ£ϾΨһһҪڣʾлĻˣ
ĶˣҲ˵ĽͶһȻ20
Ѿںˣôνô˵Ҳνô鷳Ҳν
ֻҪȷשͷ߷סУ
ǿ̶ȿԱһȸߴҰͷ¶ˮסɽҲϾǸԶС
˳һᣬµĻҰͣԭܿܶԹŴƽеӦ㡭ĵؾã̫Ҹˡ
ӪկòԶӸȡԼİǼ·˲ʱ㵽˺ӱߡ
ѴѹѴδƽ֮󣬵ƽ̹ӵվ޾ĻƺˮôЮɳҹɫ֮лС
ź̲˲ԶǰӰӰ´µĻˣǰʱ򣬼¥ϵԶԶ˹
ʲôģ
ξţΪ̫ʱҩ
űԼְԼĿģڱδиҪһߵӪկſڣξŷͽȥֵҹƫܷ֮ǽȥ
ôô֮ǰǷ˼е㲻͵͵ͬԱߵֹһ䡣
㵹ǾӪկúܶԾ
ʲô֪Ҳ˵ʲôΪ¶ڽлҰһġ
ô˵ɣǺ̺壬ƽ£Ұôã⿿ΪûҰˣҲס
ǰĻƽѽǿ֮ĩδȫʮ˵ʮ˵СųĿⲢ
ǿˢƽСֵʳŶȹʮѰĶ졣
ʱĻƽе㾫ˢѾΪˡ
ҲĶŰҲҪعҪԭ֮һ
ܹãܹ׼Źá
û˼ãӪկľŻˡ
ܻԵʱҿ˿
Ӫпֽì͵ܺβвں̲ϣӪȡ
سʼ˵ʼʡ֮֮£סìʽҲͰˣӾݵĺǴҳŶһΪɶҪսģ
ȻˢһŵСʺţԼŲϲкѵ֪һʣĻ׵Ĺ˹ȥ
ϵȷûʲôɵĶˡŶԡ
һ߽ӪկʱϸϸļЯİƽ˾ʲôû
ǸͷСԵ·˻ƽû˵ⳡҲܵġǸ䲻ۣôô꣬ƺǽŤˣһľЩȳյĸŽ˾Ӫ
Ͳ֪ôģԽǸһȳһյıӰԽ˵ĽŤúãҪŤЩ͸ˡ
ȻֹֻģֻģãĶⲢûн
˵Ϊʲôؾź°͸ɲ̸ǣ̸Ǿǡûķݶأ
Ȼǳɹ˯˸ɲ̸ǡ
Ī˵ŵĶ㲻ǣֵԣҲһ˯ء
ͦơ
Ա˵ɫûģȲԹɫҲᴧġ
Ĳʮ峿뿪ӪկʱĿƹвʿӪկĺϡ
·Ҳʱӽ£Ӫʿ˵ΪǴӱеľ
Ȼǳǳɳʮĺɫۼ
Ϊ䣬Ʊʱж̣ȻЩӲʿǲԵʰɡ룬ûʲôϵ
쵽ɣѰһݲõѪĲ
ƺɱҲǶӵĲ¡
ϾˢСˡ
ңԶģļƽʲôڶţͨūʧũֵأų͢ǿ̯µ۸˰˳òһԡ
ٴɺ
ǧԺͬǣҿ϶ǽҸͶ
һ㶼ͬǡ
̽ſڣԻƽĿʱλڵС̼ҵطԼĿ
Ҷңʱ˻򱼣ʧšꡯ֮£
ɶó
ͷԵģŵʮĵؽһӡʦŽǵġʣƽڵĸ·ţĴţӻƽλطգٵʿαӻһա
Ԭĸ㣬Լﲻ̣˾ȴѣԵȫ⣬ʿ
Щ׼ͦнڲٵġ
ⲻǳ͢ҲĳϴĿ
ʱûʲô֣˹ڻƽĴ˵ϼʱҲֱ꣬ƽңңһǵʱŶλԴǵξڻһ⡣
͵ܿɿˣظһǱ
ͬƳǲķһĳΣʮϱǸɣˮɽ
ңңȥΰİȫС
վܶƾɸߵĳǽΪУС


3 
Сʹǵķ𣿣
һ˵ԽңԽܻƽҺΪ׶ڼ᲻ɴݵ״̬˷вʿΪ˱ܻӵ֮أһķ۾ͲɱĽڽˡ
Ҫ˵ô͡ǿǿˡ
Ŵ˶飬ʵͦѿУΪԶԶʹһɳ
һ·ϣиڷӣҲ߲˵ũ񣬶Ҫڳſڽܼ飬˳ٽǮ
ⳤĶԱ߻쳵רŸЩĹ˺ͺū׼żҲ󾰣˵Ų5ӵĶӣ쳵иʳۣͷëڣëɾͷΧ˼۲ëҲûˣҡ
Ǹʲôƽ𣿡
ŤͷһʱΧũ񲮲ѾʮѸٵͶˣ
ʦͶصСһ䣬˲֮ԣ
ǾҲͶ¡
ʵڳſͶأĲס
ȵʮֽʵ·ϣÿӭڣִû˴ɨ֪ʲôʵء
Ҫôһװ磬ʵ۳Ǳɨ̺̺أ
ëĿбӵؽ˳ǣǰũ񲮲ǿʼ۷׷ס
ݵʦô
зʦΪ󽫾˰ɣ
²ǡ
ԣ
ӵûע⵽ϵǡ
ɫġ
ŸպܽӴֻ֡
еطϴ𣿡ڴʣֿɼǧ˵Ĵԡ
վǵĴϣһڴ󺺶ǵĿӱǻܽǻһ˲ȫȻɻţĳϢˡ
˰˾ʵ꾩Ⱦ̶أԻ쳾ҹɣŽ񼣡ʱҲضãټǣܱ߾ܵũҪʹʳģЩʳľǵθųٸһ𣬾γеһζ
ͳǣչȥûпֺ׳ǧĶǡ
ӡסĵطҲ𣿡ָָһƬһƬ߷Сһ䡣
ǳſڣӾڱ֮ңء
Ҳζ
λرƢĴ޿̵ĵһۡ
лǵĸۡҲūʹƽյľȣ
ô˵ĻҲȷʵ׳׳ΪһŴĶǣҲǰʮƽ
ϵƽ˯ǱĹŲŵõһҪʲô磬ҪӺòá
һʧŻǰοһ䡣
ʱ͵ִܱܼˡ
Ŵأ˽ԲͣЩ塣
һֺǰ̾ͱ˸
ſߴ20ֵʵҲϳǸг
ţģģģ¨ģͷһģ߲˵ģȫֺ強һƬ㳡ϡ
Բ۴αȣܶĻҵȫͬ
ȷʵǡܡһ֡
ЩںƷ֮⣬õĲֱһȺռţΧδ󺺣ʮŮףԲǣţڵվפۿ
ĿͶ˹ȥҲһۡ
͵ܿһū澻ȥ
Ǽע⵽Ŀ⣬ڿд˸죬Ϊߺ
ͣЩūԽԽ࣬Щʼ˼ۣĴū򦣬Ƿȫ
龰˵ĹͲпᡣ
źȻ벻ʲôǵȰ˼䡣
˼ڽΪƽҾ죬ױѱ͵üҵ֡
ͻȻ˵
ȲҪһڡҲЩ̵ƽױ
һεֹſˣȻЦЦ
͵ƽܣȻ顣
ϻųſ·ϵĳζҲ֪⵽жţ·˷֮
ǹţĳζҲڸǲסһѪ
ϴȥɣĨ
ľӽ˵úã˲ôôܻ䲻ʱմһ͵ģģֻмߣ˵ʲôʱ͸˾˦ȥأ
߰ɡظһ飬һϴϴ֡
ǷϱҲϱ˵Ǻ͸ֹһضڳǱڳǱݻĿȻҲڳǱ
Ⲣ˵ϵƽͱˡʵݡˡ
ῪƶһǰһŹӪҪˮǮɵΪʲôˮҪ𣬵ûôɲԼ
ԣҪǮģˮȻҲҪǮһͰˮǮõԼҾˮص±ζ
ȵζôصˮѡ
һǻǮ˽ˮһˮ2LʮǮ
ǻǮƺȣȻԶ㣬ʮǮӾƵʮǮĴƶУ
ǻһǧ˰ĿƼѾ򵽳ѹ㣬ˮ
ǵװﲢû̽ԥԥĻѡˮȡ
ŽæŻȥˣԼڶȥλ֮⣬֮ǰŸһǧǮѡ
һ£ס100ǮпɣôǸ˼䣬ø˼̣ͨ
Ͱˮ4Ǯ֤ࣻ
һȪˮ10ǮʡŵҲܴպϺ죻
һٱ㷹һһһ׷30ǮҧҧһһŰ׿ˮԵĻ30ǮܳԸü졣
ڴȾƳ⣬ڷбӵĸоĲ̫á
ӲǰǱȳԿǿ㵫һҧȥʱֻ֮ǰ˵ɶ
ǷĹתͷȥһһֻһ붹
ĺɫǵϷѵ˰ҹա
Զĵ̾Ϣף
ѾԴãо䶼ڲ²⣬һλʦĴףܹѳѡ
ʦڳܻὫ߰ͷ­øһ㣬ҲҶǱ¶һ˿ǳ˳ʱһСֵòǿܱɱ
˹ıǵĿ⡪Թ£ʵг֮ˣλʵλжʮ꣬ʮ˵仹пΪڴ󺺻ʵϵӡ
ѹ꣬ʱ뺵ַݲй󣬰ѾǲӵģҲһʵǷӹ˵ܲȵø̼ˡ
ϾλӿλöóǮ
ҪۻͦߣһǧǮһλá
ҲΪܻҵɰһ֡
ʹˣҲ٣˵·ܴۣ硰ڱݡĴҾӸĸ·ֻ˸˾ͽ۲ѣֱ׬ˣ
˸·Եڴϣڲһ֮⡣
ȻкڰʵҹһյƻůĸоԼѾ뿪Ǹڰɽ˳̻˼䡣
ҲҪǮġ
һѾ175Ǯ
һöǮһӣԽӹڷϡ
ںڰз˿ŭδ㶯ţ˯ʮְġ


4 
ΪѰϰֵģԿԳΪĲַھӻһš󽫾
ŵҲܼ򵥣ÿȻмʣ˵е˵ȥ̫ϵ̨棬ȲЩٵʿˣôиȨ£һǶһͬأ
û󽫾νǸֻ˼Ҳڹ⣬˵˼еģ˺νһ𣬽˽ȥСſʼһύڰԼòͽ˻ʹ
һ֮¶Ҫ˼ӻãλλʺ˵ʮûɻĻӣӲһ
֮ܶԴӺνϴ󽫾Ƕй⣬ԴƽԪƽ壬νΪ󽫾˵ŵ
ǲʲôģűһƺŵĺĻƻеΰɣ
ΪһְӴ򽻵ĲЭ֮ĹϵʮЭ֮Ĺϵǽѡ
˵˭ȢƸʱ˿ʱǮ֣ĲԶǽѡܻӵϢߵͲȣ˵ǹġ
رֵһǣĽַھʲô¼ǮĲǮĻǲϢģ˻ˡ塱
ĲŽλƷУʮˬرʾСɾӢۣгͷ֮ա
ԣнʴ⡣
ʱĹʿͭǮţҲòʳǵڵеƮݣҶղѡ˲ʳӲͨ
յOFFERԼÿʯҲ80ףмۼ㣬1200-1500Ǯٷƥ鲼ûɶڣ¿٣پҪǮ
·򻧺ȣнߣǵײƽһȣ൱ȥˣ˵ԼӣҲܴպһ¡
Ȼÿ⡣
ǵʳ֮»֮£ֶһ䡣
ȴ֮⣬ʲôҪ𣿡
ĲźȻ࿴һۣλ󽫾ЦеԼӡ
ȴڣ̯֮⣬ҼС⣬Ҳûʲô֮
ϸϸĶλʮĴ󲮿һԷһϡ
Ϊһ7֪ȻԼĲԹɫˡ
ã԰סûе䡣
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СģǱһҡ׽סţԼéݷôҲҪ10ǮȥƣŹˡȴǲҡס

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5 
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ҪӶҲΪˡϾڳ˵ɱͲһ˵ġ
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6 
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Ҫĺӻܻһϴ֪ٴΣŲ·кԼΣȦסͰǽĸˣż޷ȫڸסĴ·ŽţŸ첲һߺ庢ӣһæµط顣
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ոְֲʵŵĻǲɵģؾʱһɵˡ
˺ܴģڳֿ죬¶һΪصЦСĻСС磿

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7 
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λ꽫Ȼʮºзȵػش
²ܲ٣ϵ£ΪУξ
(৥)!!
϶ġ
ʱμңϴ磬ȫѧʹرĴȫӽˣ
˵ܲٵǸʲôˣ
̣֮ͦ⣬ƺʲôйصǣ


8 
УξǼƷ١̫˽⡣
ʣλϰ岢񾩾һżթȥֱꡢֳϿҡ
ץ֮⣬ʿ˼ʮǮΪ
²ϣСɾܾˡ
ô˼أ
Ǹ߶˳
Ůιι鰡Сĵ˺һ䡣
ԺһƬž
û
ûҲԴһܽ߰
е㺦ߵǮ׼ɤӣʲôʱܽ΢Цָָı
˳ָķԶϮһ磬ոպ˳ͳдԵĻ
Сɾʲô
òһϢ˲䱻紵ɢˡ
⿴˿ԼĺУûʲôһ
ܲԶܸȤݲһ۷񣿡
̫Ը⡣
ƺԥܲҲû¶ʲôɫСɾĪŲ£
С˼Ҵ֮뿴޲ɣֻСϣϲȾָ
󵨣񣡡ͽң
ץϵľʿ̽Ӷ
ٰܲδŭǰ꣬Ȥˡ
˴ʮֺأҲòˡ
⿴洦ɼС޲ͬСͨġججġᷢ\
ƽȫȻͬ
ǸԸ߰ˣܲ룬ʲô߰ıأ
ˣСɾԡָָһʿ˴ͷԩһСͷĿλСɾΣ
˵׳˶ӪҲСҲΪѡܲٴ˾ʿһֿǸ꣺ǸĽͣʹᣬҲӦһͨĵ֡
꿴һۣĬĬص˵ͷ
Χпפ㣬Χ֡
ƽϣӺժǱȴδʣҲδȡĺڲô
Ļ˻ƴϣȴƽýҪʡ
ʿȴԥ͵͵Լҽһۣʾ¡
ϵ²ıʹƲϰսҲûزɣ
Сɾ˵ܲҲϰ㲻ԣȻģȫʩΪ
ŵ
Ϊʿˣܲ룬ԹʵĴˣϧ
뷨ֻһ˲
ʿγ价׵кȣȥȻδʣ
ֶδֻ΢˲̧һţ
ΧһƬ
𣿡źɳȥٶ߹ǣڳҽаոǷָʹ׳˷ܵʣ㿴¶һ֣ϰܶһ𣿣
лǲû
Դë֮һֱǱ̬ȡ
ǲܽ˫һһǰɷ˵ס֣Ҳ̸˰˶ȣǸ龢ֱҪˣ
ɾϺδΣðãڴ˵أĪЧº
е֤飬˭
˭ûϣҲûûá
һҡͷܽΪϸع۲һɫ̾һ
δо侹˺ܣ
ѽˣ(*/أ*)
оƺееʱ򣬲ϰ׽ֲţȵһգѣɾо󣬺βЧඨԶ£ֱ
С
С˵ССͲҴܣеźؿһۣ֮¿²̫С
׽һ¡
ϰ̸ĿˣˣΪɾԬŰ׳ʿɾ˲ţֶȻ
ãΪʲôΪʲô
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СȥˣҪɱ˰ɣ
ֱʵĲܽͻȻգգۣ¶һ˲֮ɫ
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ǲܽһĨ֮ɫתΪЦЦɾѵԸĥպһ
ʱĵȼɭϱݣūƽ̷ʿˡٻ¡졣Ӹ߸߾ڽĶ壬˾ְֺҡ
ûпƾ٣׼Ժܲʿ˴٣ūūƽһ˵Ǿˡ
˾зͣƷףоλ
˵ǱĹסլۡɾ࣬лг԰ֻɺס
ūŮźһͼӵҹȹ񣬻Գʱ飬ѧѧ֣٣һյٺʡ
ȡײ
С˾ã˵ͺܺá
ܽЦЦתΪһĨϧƺ
ˣ಻ǿ󡣡
Ȼʮø˼ƽΣãƽտʲôѴȻе£Ҳһһˡ
쵼ƶʽĶԻ󣬲ܲʮºеظһʮͶԵԭҪӪһ𣬵Žգ㲻ٶˣԺʲôѴӪơ
󣬲ܽΧͷӶֵĿһȦ֮£ȫξϣд˹֮ԣλ֤оʿ֮£Ӫ֮ᣡзߣ԰ɱ֮
һƬкûУܽʿ߹Ƕϵ׳һϦԶȥ
ǸӰĸߴ˲٣룬һλҺʵ꽫ô³ﱻĨ˰˼鳼
ҿⱲӶˡ
ڷˡ
Ҳãڴ׵õʮǮʮ죬Ե£˭˵أԤУҺټġ
ҲԤС˵𣿡
˵ŭδ˵ʲôûر
ԤС˵һ죬ԶԶؿʹ顢Ъ˹˻ߵأʺȫҡ

ѵϰǸصúܺõУ
ϰǲȷ¡
䣬ãȷӦüӿŲϽسǽ
˳߿ࡣ
ٶϲڼңҲš
Ҳ
ǽףȣĽַھʱһᣬܸȣ̵Ļͻţʡۡ
е²ۣʮͷǸѵسǵʿϹ
ȻϹģĽǷء
ϽȦ븺˵ĻƽӹǮٸԼʮƣꤣʮؼȥһѻ𣬽ʣµͷһȳԵ
ͷͱеҭҪһ뼦ȣ
ʱҲˣļأ
Լߴ20һ£ʮ뵽ڼҵС˼ֻضмġ
˼ҵĲãҪõʳɣʡһˣ
ƾɵСԺӣüȻԼźסȴʰΪ롣
ǰһݹɨøɸɾԺŲ֪߲ˣһɾ㣬Ʈ˳
ʱС·ең޷Ҳֻһ죬
ЦرĲȻҪֲסˡ
СʳʮֳϿҵ˵⣬üĥĥ
ջ벻̨һȥѴѰüöСɾɺã
ȻãæǾͶлˣ
üＱҪţûҲˣæһ񣬽ʳݹȥ׼뿪
Ϧ䣬һ𽥱
ƻͨĹլۡܿ÷õһյ͵Ƶ˼ҽûڰ֮С
ʱʷˡ
DNDݣӦǡDMصһӣıͶһȻ20
üǸѸгͯˣмӶٳ־Ʒ˰ҲԻؼҡ
һСҲûУһƬ谵˵ʵеǿ
ⲻص㣬
ص˫˿ܺڰŵ۾ط֣иӰ
ɣ5ȹûԵؾһ
жɣڵĺҲžһ


9 
ɫԽˡ
С·˼ҽһƻ
ƻ𲢲Ͼ˼ؽϵӣͽ󣬲Ҳˡ
һƬУһҵĹ͵ͽֻ˭ҵһ£⼸ĶС
ΪһڻɽҰµǿԳƵ϶Ŀ
ˣܲϸ΢һ˿ɱǴϣҰϷġ
ͷһδϲɱ
üҲֻŤһ˲
ɾǿˣСʳ˻ȥŭظҪţһԺȴͻȻҲˣ
ҼԴ˳
λ㷿ӵķг¶סҲࡣʮͷ˵ϳϣʷةĳֶʿˣ붫ϵȺƽ񲻿ͬƽʱҲеµľ
Ȼ֮ϳţ󲿷ֳӸϼңλʿȴһ룬
Ȼ;˳ڣȢ˸ױɹۣҲٵķˣƽճΪһ뷹ԣԾ˽ַھӣǲϿڵġ
ʱôһλӶĲҵɱӶȻҲûʲô⣬⡣
˿ǲĵùˣüҲֻǸƵСѸţҿҲ벻Ľʱ׼ɣ
ڣǣ²۵ĳ¶ڽ£Ҫ±ٷ񣿡
ҪŵüҲӲˡ
Сɾˣæ˸Բ´Īš
⼸ӴУĻ̻̣ǧЩ
ۿĽַѾܳţչаȫ˵Ҫæȫ飬üȻȻعš
Źصе졣
ϾµԺӣþģҲʵˣʱॡॡġ
ûעЩϸ֦ĩڣڻոտһ˲
һ÷ڵ˸Ŵɫŵ˹е㾫㡢޾ɵݳ
Ƿٶϲ
ԭٶ⡣
ôظ
̽˸ͷһ۳¶һƺڱȽһôᣬ԰Եһ仰
ѡ˳¶
´磬ոպ£
ߵػԼСԺӣعԺţҲһض
˸˸һƻ
ެϷߣεưƻһۡ
¶غԺŻϯ£װû˵
ǹѸôˣ
£齳ЩΣǸɱĴϣ
ެһ
ϣʱ˵Ҵȥһ⣬кü
ʮǳ¶ެΨһز۵ĺӣ˼ߺҲʮʱſڵ飬ĸԼ̧֣ͷ͵͵һ۸ĸ
ø˳¶һɡ
ƫﲻ֪ùֻ֪ˣҲͰˣССͣǷˣ
ެͣ·첹·̧Ƴһۣ˼ҵ⣬۲ˡ
ֳݵڿһԣس򡣼ղԣҲϽͷ
µʵ㺮أϯ𴦶ķ첹ľҲʮ־ġǽϹʿݵ彣а򣬴°ڼ¶λãӸţһ֪ء
ʲôأެƳһɷʮͷµĳѾҲЩˣģһճ͢ƽ֮Ϊִӡҹ鲻˳ҪǸƵСѸ
СѸ˫δ˵ʱȴЦ۾ެϲסɷҪ첹ӣǺߣһҪ˵һ
ѣ¶̧ͷһۡ
˵һӶһյԵȷЩʵҲͦڣܵù˼֣ʲô
ƻֱһ¡
ʶĿת˹Ķӣ˵׾ЩʵҲá
µ۵ǻӭһλӢۣƽ֮ԩؼƽ磬Ǹжأ
ܵĻ֪Ĳ֪ûĻһ飬ʺŮڰ˱ǽͷ
°ļңҵûտյªңʲôֵùأ
ֻǸûͷ
ͷ
峿ٳ֮ǰͷͱӶ̨ϣһӻǶҲͶ༸СӡˣͷȴǱϸϸĿһ飡
ҲͿˣҲֻ֪Ϻӿͷûסȣڹͷһ
һ˲оԼ궼Ҫȼˡ
Ӻںյ˵󶴲ң̨Եǽиܲ۵ķڡְһǣשʯȻԺӺָȴ˰ûǿӡ
׼һ򱳺ʱȷ˵Ĵ
˵ֹͨһڡ
ҲںмҶˡ˵ҵľ͵ø³
ԭĲܽ㷢һʰҷѣǹϲˣʵҲ翴ⷿӲˬˣظһͦġ
һ£ƮƮԺ
ŶˣڸھλСӼң˵ڵȥ׼𣿡
ҩȥ
񻰣˵㲻ȿһ£ѹôȹ𣿡
ʱùźȻˡ
֮ŲĦײʱı
ߵԺŵж˨Сĵһŷ죬̽ͷ⿴
£ִϣ׺죬һһӵذȻ
дһܡ֣һСûϰ塣
ջԴԺʱַֽھȫС̽ͷۿ
üˣھתͷ˸ʱҲû̹ţ׻¶һϰЦݡ
ƽʮգǰνӵλʺΪۣʵףλʺΪ̫󣬲ٳơ
˽֪ȵ۳谮СЭ̫ʮʮ۰λСӣȴͽΪټϴ󽫾ͻȻ빬ӵĻλȲȵоȻۡ
˵ĵϰ᲻ΪȽŶ
ϰԵ⣬Ҳ⣬λϰȲ裬ɫпҲƣʵҲطȥϸס
ʱԹѸټΪݣд˵Ѹ󣬲Ǵ󸻴䲻ơ
ϲ˵Ʋϴ󸻴󣬵в׵ģзеۣƥ
üϲҪʲô͡
ȷȽŵġ
ɨۣץİӶ֮⣬ƽܼϲȴûݣֻһˣҲǶʮ꣬һط޼ֻһľѰ㲻Ϻɫ˱ģΪ
Ժӣ˺Ȼ˱£Ϊ֡
ͻȻֲõԤУϵλ˵ġ
ĥĥȥˡ
λٷ´Գһʱҵ¶ȡ
ľ˵ˣսǵģ࣬ǰվ㾹һͷҲδ׵ش˻Ǹ˲ţ
СֻǽҡӲشһ䡣ٷ˲Ϸȥɻȵظ죬ӹ绹ûѵ𹻲ãϰƵһ顣
ϰĸĪλٷ˻ǱȲģⷬĵЦеʳ⡣
˵СǵüӲ죿ٷڿڣôǣ
ҿ˿
ΧİӶǶڵͷɻ˭Ҳûаһ


10 
㲢һԵˡ
ƺȤ̫࣬ԽַھǻϢͳһֻ֣Ҫã絽ЩټǰеֵӣΪ˷һչϰļͥϵλϰ¶֪
λϰﳤֻ֮ˣػǼҽţȺ׳ǳ˾϶Ĳ֮ˡҲļ򵥣ٶϲƽֺвɻǮ˲ͲֿⶼϰܣȻٷϰһ㻨Ǯ
һλǮһץŮǿˣһ㡣
ﲻͷС˵˽
Ҳԩģ⼸ԭ͵Щ
Сçײ
ϰһƲ½СǸˣǵֵġ
֪ôش𣬸оôش𶼺
ҽʹ³̫͢ƽˣҲͷôˣ˭Ҫ⣬Լǣʡôææҵأֲüˡ
㾡ѲøЩ
ģϰƺ鲻Це˵мð㡣
ŽŶԲԣ
ʾ¡
Ǳ˸ոչ⣬½ɣ⼸õģƫ㣬Ƕܼ˿ɺã
ظ
ŽŻǶԾġ
⻰ûԸ꣬ٷƳһۺתͷ֡
һȻһû˯رήҵٶҶֻȦˡ
ҲþûˣٷЦͬеá
⻰ٶӲûҿԼϱֻԹĺȦһǰĴˡ
ӦҽŽŵġ
ٶϣǣߡ
ӵǻͱر֣˵ȵɥδ꣬Ҳס飬е
һƬУǵͬе˾رΣһҲ˵
ʵ˵Ҳûʲôãٳһ̳ͣһ롣
ȻٶҲǸгǸˣ޾һ֮ڿˡ
ⲻ¡
ɾ
ԼҪġ
ɵͣ½ŲͷСһϲ
ûȦ֮ǰе֣¼ֱٶ˵ҵǮͣˡ
֪Ǯ㻨Ǯ˼֪˵ʲôٶҵķϲ񳬳һòĻӦ
ǮҲˡ˵˵㲻ˡ
֪˵ʲôˣ룬Ǳ߱߿ﶼЩʲôɡ
˵ıͷԣıūֻҪð˶һ߿һʡ
ֱһҩ̯ӣ̯ϰһСһСķĩԱߴ˸ᦶ滭ֻ󣬲С˵֪ʲôġ
ʱ̿쵽ˣ
һҩҧгݵ˵ҪֶԴһģǮһ
ͻȻһֻ֣׼ݵץ
Դʹûб͵Ϯ½㲻ԾزһȻۿʧȥƽٶҾҪˤˤҩ̯ϣ

ٶҲûбл֣ʲô
ҩʲô
ϰãȻؿٶңٶҷŭίü޹ģ
(sF)sߩ
ҩΪɰҩĵǾҩĵNʯʪʴ⣬˵;ʻǺ൱ʵʯʱᴿͺֲܴڣⶫһȻж
ɾ뵽ȥˣϰε˵ɰýأ²ɵӳ˲Ų³
ǾͺãϲСһ䣬Ҿͷˡ
ȷʵòغã룬ʡٶҲСĳȥ˲ˡ
гر˳
֧֮û˳ǽĽӪǿյģȻҲûܳˡ
Ҫô˶˵ٷ˾أһ㶼ˣ֤İȫŷϲޡ
̫ˣȷʵȣɹٶе裬˰Σûס
ʵҲԣ£üʵ޹ġ
ȣʵĲԡ
ַںǳϵİԡ
üǰӶŮС㱻״£ϴϴ·ǮȻҲͬϲʶˡ˵üòֻ飬ǿ÷ʱһڴųܿ̿๥Ѱ·ˢٸТʲôĹҫһ£Ȼϱ
ĲȻܹܵöӷģйܲסӵģһƷȢü
ǰʱߣüҳһӣ඼ûȥϲķ޼׵Ҳˡ
ⳡ߶е˵ǻᡭʦŽֵܡ
ϲ˵ҲˣѾ¶ɣΪѡʱȻҲŵԣϣȢܸɵĸ˽һüʵĺϸ
Ȣˣʡ
ҵģٶ˵˵˺أҼҽأǻҸôΪң˶ί
ﲻԣ룬ϾǸڣ̧ͷͷģüһ㶼ŮǵӰ
ϰҲûί̵ĻǶ˵ٷ첻Ҫһӷ£ҹ˻Ҫ˱Ϣ
ˣɾӭ¸ˣֺαعһȥأ
˫ʹ۾ף֮һأ
ɶģһٱаʮУжʮڻңʮ䣬жʮܵ׷޻᳡ղվͿˡ
ʱţҲҪſ´
̵ֻǣͷߣҪһй¡
ԶԶһƬ֮Уׯˡ
ǿ쵽ˣ
ͷǰ档
⸽ӶͬĲͬغ󣬰Լļ۸񽻸Ǯɡ
ϲͻȻˡ
½СҼ⼸գҮ
ʲô룿ͣס˽ŲɾΪʣ
ϵϲڴһء
ĺëˡ
ʱֻţ
ֻ롭һ߹۲飬һõȵ۴Уж⼸Ǯųȥ˲٣мλֺǷǮ룬ղǮʱдֽűǡ
ܺʲôطԾ
˵ٷΪʲôûһأ
ضɾǣСʲô
̫Ѫϣ˼źΡ
ҵ˼ǡ˵ȥʱ˵Ǯ˱ǡռ׮ǮȻƽˡ

ɾ˼ǣŬ֯һԣҪ͵ԼҵǮ𣿡
ٶɫһ䣬˵ԼҵǮʲô͵͵ģ
ˣɾαػһأʲô֮ȥʵԷ˽˱ǣȻΪ֧Ǯɣ
ٶҳĬˡ
űⵣũ˴ڴ⣬Ϊر߹¡
½Сˣճʲôô
ɾǲ˵ʵС˵С˶ϲΪ˲֮¡
ϲĬãڿ˿ڡ
⼸վƷĲü˺Щ
֪ʷЩϳסôˣҪиλҪ̳УҲôɡ
ϲ͵͵˵ˡ
½СЩʲôҲһΣ


11 
̵ĻȻͲ࣬䵽գеࡣ
峿ˬʱҪɱϣŽбвǳˣĪ˵һĹǮµˮԼĪҲԲˡ
֮⣬⼸˸鷳ơΪ⡣
ʱ䴦ڹɥ֮УسҲû١ϾλǴӳ͢䣬ݾ˽֪Ļӡ
⻹ҪԵġ
͹ʱҪСģҡڿǲɵģ˶Ŀ͵ϣ۲¡
ľͰϵģǮװȥ˿Ϸ죬һ·һ·Ѫ񲻳Ц̸͵丮ϵʣɫ˶˵ĺūҲĶȥ
һͿֹʮ
Ⱥ׳ҲԼ͹֮±㶪ˣԼѰȥ
һ뽽֭˳ඹ飬·ԣǸ˳ճͬˮÿҪ2Ǯ֮⣬ֱȱ
ӶϵԵüɫ裬С󵨰
ڴ͵ðУȴҪڳⱼ˵İ
Ƴ˶һۣΪǱ˱ϳȥģ˽֮Ҳ
ΪΣ
Сһ
ôЦһЦ
Ʋӵʱսң۱ʱʱ߸ߣ˵ֵ̼Сֻǿ֧ţ˰һֲٵġ
üӵľƷ֧ţҲǿ裬м˵档
ɥڼ䣬ǲҶƵģǴžţѲʿǴһ
䵹ǲںʿ⣬ȴһƽѸǾơ
ȻҲǿټ޵ģȥ˵üΣֻϰˡ
üΪʲôӲҪСƷ¶ĸټޣַھഫԣΣټޣֻܿԼ֧ңʵڼʱ㽫˼Ҿʵϲϡ
ȵʱ䣬ǵ̷࣬ϻǲ
صСϢ˵δص̫ؽҪݣɱ˳
Ϣٲ֪оСǻΪֵ
Ϊָ̼̽Ϣ͵ŽǼ˸Ĺʱô׬һʡ
һ鱻ȥǣٸˬ
ʱù˲ǣ˵ǻȥɡ
Сʮ֪࣬ΪȰ˳أ
ȻΪ˸Ǹ½㣬룬ޱһ壬Ǯ̰ģֻҪ£ǻƿСմһǰĲѵٷ˻ὫιԼ
ϲͬеġƿСǵڶղŻسǵġ
еǱһˣЩ˳ǡ
˵СϢˣЩũ˾ҧҧµ˵صĽʱۻһأ
Ҳ߱ظ䣬ʮͷ˳ֽƷ࿴ŲҲ˲١
ʱⲻñ棬뵽һѾǴнˡ
Ǽ˵ĻЩͷۡ
ǶʶֵģĿǵһ顣
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ĶʵڲС
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컹Ǳڼˣ¸Ӱɣ׬ײ˵ǮģսأҪٰͷġ
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٣˵֪ôҩ𣿡
Ҳ㻹ǵһ˵ܸɵ𣿡
ץôˣе㲻⣬㲻ǻô𣿡

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ϲ˵˼άʽͣڡһԭʼ˲ϣҪ˼ũͻ뷽跨ҪǮ᲻ýǮҲҪȥĲҪǮ
ʱϲ᲻ᱻӵ˵ˡ
Իǵðѻɵϸһ㣬Ŀңϰһʱ̿һǮܴﵽٶҵĿˡ
Ȼһ̰۵ǮüתãٶҿԶǼΣ룬ûлûϰǰ˵ٻ½·ӶԴҲֻǰͷʦʲôٻ´ˣڽַھǰҲס
ˣлǼŲ
̾һװҩСڴʼԺ
ڽ䣬һ
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мʶǸۿɰСкһָ˻еĴ󣬡ޱɰ֪á
üôˮƽҲô5أ
ҩҲ˻֣㰢ĸأ
СкɫȻһҲʣ

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СкΪʲôô裬ˢˢָĺøжȡ
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С۾һȻһҲ㣡
㲻Ǹöɰ𣿡
һϲˣ
ǡǾллһ£

ͣסе֣ôˣ
Скȥϴ֡

üӷެͬ¶ͬ壬ϲסһ𣬶ϵĴճެҲеϵֳֻܻԶ
˵ĸʱ仹ûؼңС˵п¾֮£˵ʲôЩ˵һ׮⣬ĸæȥƷˡ
Ϣ˶֪أСĵ˵Ҳ׳ǣø㡣
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˵кö˻أСк˵ʱöְ϶кܶƣĸͲĴǮˡ
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Ժطˣ˵нһ²ˡ
˵ľ²ܻᱻθ͵úܣ޷Ǳǿġ
ʱЩķ̫ؽʱܶ⣬׬㹤Ǯ⼸ѰٵһƬľӣʹľϼ۸񣬾ڳԼ˻سǵĻʡһǮ
ʱȴӣӺһ㣬ҪģƾôҲв֡


12 
ƽ꣬¶ʮգеѾú֡
󽫾ͬǵìܣÿСնܽ汾మɱģƲģҲаͨģҲʮ
ϾνΪһòóãǰģЩǣλǺֹǰͨΪס
ûۺΪųҹλ˸ӣȢǺνá
۴Ӻ㻹ǴӺ̫Ǳ㣬ôöǺνĳ
ȵܿ췭
νľ⣬̫ȴδ¶ɱЩ֧Ļ¹١
˽״̬ÿһ춼޲ϯʳζ
еȷʵҺضˣݴбڳŻǵĻ̻̣ӽ˳У׷ǼۣξҲȫˮǴߣϲڵЩӲͨ˺üֹ
ѵɵɵ𣿣
ھڽգּ̫󽫾빬𻰣λ󽫾빬֮󣬴Ǳƣٳδٳ
󽫾нһֿܣ󽫾̫ˣǱʮ̿£ֵΣ
һҲΡ
ǰոչʱͽıһףªѾˡ
齡ëձϯ»ĴԼ´ĳϳԹ㽫Сãһʧ
ЩӳԷ׷ף֤ʵ뷨ʹ·ңӽµܹȫĵط
һСǼˡʱ˰֮࣬䣬Ѿ
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вֻһ׮԰йϹǳʱԲʣʣ˵Ҳÿҹܳ԰йϹԸǶԲ
ҧĹǼϳˣ͸İӶͬǳԣͷûʲô˾ͲйϸƽҲ᲻˷һǰʳô֮⣬Ҳûʲô⡣
Ⱶ⻹û취ͨҩⶫֻҪɰûɱܿ紵
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СΪβһأ
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ǲǵ˶ʮһҲ˰һݻ
û󳦣ϴˮкã¹ǰԥһ¡
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һ°ɣС˵Ժÿ춼Ϲ̣ҵĲ԰ˡ
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۾Ļһ˵
Σ
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ڻû񫡣
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ŰݷõɫʮֵţŹٷ˹ѮȻһĺ
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һˣȻǴЦǹϲľܲþͿˡ
дңŰֻĳôһ䣬⼸ռ䣬³಻ð
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гĬһƺੲݵСӲδ⣬ظһһ⡣
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ҼһϨ˵ûκһŵƹ⣬Ҳûκһκ졣
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ⲢóգĶɬ
Ǽ߽ܿʮΧڣǻδٵĿ꣬Ҫĵصȴһ̡


13 
һѡĿ꣬һʵ˼ҡվԺǽ棬˱Ժǽĸֽ߰
ʱĻ׵Ҳ˳
Ǻʽ룬ǻƽܣǸλ²ϣʿ͵͵˳ǡ
ǱҪĹլۡͬϵ˼ҲԺǽһҲ߰˳ߣ˭Ҫ޸һɸߵǽ൱棬ֱýַھۺ졣
߶ȵԺǽҪʲôצʸֻҪסأ˫һ
ʸںҹżɼ΢⣬ƿǸͷ­֮У
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˱һǶڴˣѱ·
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һ˱䵹ʱڶѾԺ⣬ʸ׼ĿյһְסǽȫһԽ˹
ԺУ˫Ŀضݶһۣ˿ƺͲ󣬸ǽϻſһŴ˵ͯҪ޲޵
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ʬðᵽβȥȵڶʲôѲʱ߾ǡ
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½С硭ϲڿˣˡ
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ٶԥһҹЩЩǲҪ֣
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Ī˵ѣ330Ǯһ۵ģ
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һ̫ͬԸǰʱͻȻס

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ǰдһѴҿ̫Ļ˵ųȨվã˼쳣ֶᳯҵ£ȶ鵳ȵȣεʮ׿
еĻŶﷸ˳Ųһ಻ѲأѲ̫࣬һֵھǸһ

һʵۻûһأ˵䶼һ·ȥ׷ʵˣ˭µּ
ûˮĸһսƷʱϲٸʮǮȡ֮Ǹһ⡣
ǱǼʮǮأ
˵Ҳû֪ôԣɡ
ڼﻹͣժ䷹á
ǹƷûֹųԹϵľġ
˵๩ͺˣ²˾ΪһѺȥӡ
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ֻڽƺǽڽѲߡ
żк֪ǲץĻʵá
ӦòҪҹˣĸھҲûҹ˯ƵڷţǫҲˡ
һֻ֮վ·ֿڴԳһӰ
һΪλδɣʮкģ
رңײײӽ֮󣬿ʼĴѰٲ֮
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⺢δ£ͷҲǹͺͺӶûУ²ȴʮ־ϸ
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⺢Ҳʲô·ȫǸ·洦ɼĳ
ûкôɣ

ݶԺţóһλ


14 
ˣŲȴδУֻ
Ҳǽ͵ҲӽΪֱһ۱ף޿ء
Ҳǹⲻֻѥء
ſڣСŶԺǽµĽɪɪ
ŲԶȥҲҹ
Ƿ·˯ֻбҹеĻδϨ
˭Ҳҳʲô
ֱСͻȻŵ
һֻͷɿ˲˵
Сۺᣬ촽øɸƵģû˵ˮ
ū澣ū澲ǡ

ѵ˵ҪĹƷСţе㲻˵ɣôһô԰
ҹСֻ£ںɪɪģеǴˡ
ʵҲûů͵ȥȻ5ȹǿ׳䣬ǻҰרҵңȻῼǹ̿衣
ӵȣһйɽȪˮһݹȥСȴӣֻ۾ãĴ
ֻԼкˡ
ȵˮס֣ѱӷŽ
СűűӴһͻȻͨһڵϣһر׼Ĵ񣬡ɾλܱҲ
ˮҲһ룬ȫϯˡ
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ָһˮСڿˮһзˡ
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󽫾εر̫̫һͷ̴Ǳ㽫Ҫͷء
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ƺΪվþˣӶ˷˵ԼҼı
㣬ſ侲һ


15 
Ȼӳʱºڷߵҹ̫౳ţȫޣֻ̳ǵġ˵Ĵʱŵÿ޳š
سǵʱ򣬴ǻọ̈̄Ϊλơ
·߲δоСֻߵסЩطߵõģʵ۴ų˽ںư׺»ʻ뱱
һģԭ۹Ĺ֮⣬ҹݵĲ׿Լǧ
׿ǲǲˣ˵ݶûȥ
ˣ˵΢սպգΪȵأ򹦷
ԶԶ͵һ۵˵λĸߴòã׳ȷʵλ佫
ڡ۵佫׸ÿൽʲô̶ȣַвͬĿ˭ҲûʸۼһλĿ֮
׿ڽϾʱȷʵˡ
˽һ
Ⱥ˵ȷĸߴ࣬ϵ̬ҲʮȽһ֪Ǿ
ǸŨüۣ߱ڵòԭ˺ܲƣټǵװô˵أ
ǣȺõǰһ˲޾Ұྻĵط
еסϲһԡ
檵ǾûãһǺˬ֮ˣ˵ǮûʹЩءüڶһ
Ⱥ˸ǼӴˣ֮й֮ˣڳУպҼԡ
࣡ʺ𣿡
ǰǫķԣͦ
ϵƺ仰Ѹٵתͷ
ǫץס½ǣرزص
ϴŻƺɫۼɫ׺ݵصһۣתͷȥŶǰн
ҾԾͷӣüһˣָܺȥһ¡
ɾ죬С˵Ĵ
Ͻڰ֣ڲڣ˵ȥˡ
üô˵գգۣЦһЦ
ӻعǣҶ֣ܳλƷŮϰҲһ飬筺ȹϵӵ廨дöСС飬ư޼һһ磬ټʩ֬۵ܽ棬˭˲һˣ
㵲˼ˡĵ˵
˭
ҿΪٶڿû뵽ĿһӶ˸ϲٷˡ
ٷ˴ľ͵͵ˣɫգͷҲֻһͭƺ֬Ҳûãһ񵭵Ƴ
ͻȻֲõԤУˡ
ⳡ͢˵ܾˣϱȻΪǿûܵʮ̣˹еնΪ׵ǼͶԾ֮⣬ʣ¹ٲͷ­Ԭܿڹ֮⣬ȫСһų˶ͷ
»ʵۻعȱ˻¹ٷ̣еСֱɱ˸߰˰ˣϳԷʱʿˡ
һ֪ͨȱˣ˭߰ϣɾƯкӣͽ԰סҪӾС⣬ǰ;ĺá
ϢԷСĬĬ£ſϯϣ˸ͷ
ع
СֿһͷūǷ̣ūҪȥġ
Źôһ⻹Ҫȥ𣿡˳㻹е棬ͲȥѰĸĸҲãũҲãܱȻصôĵȥҪǿɣ
ܹūԭҲͲ빬ˡƽ˵лū澽Ӽãܾʹ빬أ
ʮСҺڵ
Ǽˡ
ʱСʮ֣صظ˼ͷŵպһҪ
Ҳ벻ʲôطõĹ֪ʱûֹʲô̫࣬ʮһʮˣһҲ½ǵĶ׿ø
׿ʲôˣ
۵¶Ѿɵøˣ˼ǰҲ벻ܱܲ۸ðɣ
㣡㣡
һϦ£ָԪİǫſǽϣָҵС԰Ĺϻգҧ˰ɣ

СʱͻȻһ벻⡣
ūɾУżȻСͯҥ
ҥ
Сųһվû˵ȥֻߵһס
ɾأūȥˡ
ȻǸʮСкֹ̬ܺвһµ¡
ʲôֵõĵĵطأ
¶ʮˣ͢£Ԫ
׿֮⼸죬ܳ͢䶼æЩʲôϵֹҵߺͷҵԱæòɿ
ЩС˵һιԬԼŲ̫ײֶܿ˶ЩеĶﵽоֹʮ˷ܵʿŸ·͵͵ֹвҲû¾ȥתһת滨Ǯһյ״ΪĹơ
˽쵽ͣ͢װûȻһµʿҲʼڳв˴ڸУЩ˴ʱźηǮҲһĴִţ˵Щ³ԵڿҲϰеͷۣ̺;Ʒĺˡ
һƬ¡ҲˮǴߣǮµķӣѾǵ࣬ÿ춼һʣûĸַھԸȥס£ؼ۵ǮԹһСׯӣƥӣһͷţ˵ټӸСأ
㣬⼸տŴǿͰٶҵڵ֮ǰ⣬ǧǮ׷ӣɵԼǮҪͳׯӣ
ΪѾص죬˵ӦøһʱһƵķ籩ӳ
ʮգѰΪ˾յĶ׿ڳ£ΪΪЭϻܣǶ̫󣬺Ϊ׿е׽
йȻŭȴ
׿֧ҲǼʱƣݵģһ֧˸еηԬȥ󣬽붭׿С
µ۽ҪǻϢʱæɱ
⻹һĺµ۵ǻϢ֮󣬴۷׷ʱҲδʲô
ȵӰȷġ
Ҳ˶Ϸطʵۡϲһ䣬ӵǺڣ
ʹٷһٸʵۣЩСʲôϵأһӶСؿһۣ½СΣ
֪Ҳģ˵Ҳûоʲôǡ
ҡͷʱٷ˴˳
ڣ
кηԸ
ٷ˿һۣĿһۡ
Ȳسȥһ⵹Ҫ⼸䣬ɽɱãȥ
ձ£ת͵͵ڳ⿴ׯӵģ˵ǣЩźתһҲ
ﶬֲֵأ׻ķϰׯӣ괺ʱٿ¶
гСׯӣô
ٵȼ¶ѣ׾Թ϶ת˲š


16 
ǵ½λӶȻڿ졢ʵ󣬵һĪǵˣʱδڣǵ˱ˣɸĻҪôǵɱҪôȥּ׷ͬĹ˿Ǵ򽻵ͷһΡ
⻧˼ڹҲǳǱȻȻ·ȴȳԿ࣬·ϵĴǳ˳ĹˣСƳͻͶżʱ鷳ˡ
ΪøϽƳ·ͣ£ᷢ
1.ʿǸƷи߽Ĺ壬ڳʱСģûƢ㵲·ֻĬƵУ
2.ʿǸƷбȽĹ壬ڳʱСģûƢ㵲·Ҫͺȳһ䣬ҪͳһӣȻټǰ
3.ʿǸĶڳҲŷɣ㵲·ûպȳ㣬𽵹ͣһӣǻһϷֱӳȷСƳпܻӡӡٷɱȥ
4.ʿǸĶϲȹȥ˼ҳô̴ܲأûıӵȻɺū
ĻƵġͻԡ֮СϽͣһߣŹȹȥîʱţ϶Ȼ˰ʱŵָͻص㡣
ŵǸͣ˵⣬׼жʱԺڴһ˵
ʲô飬ֻʣԲ󣬿Աˮ׼˲䡣
£
ɾ̷ˡ
ЩҪԸ
˲䲻ˡ
鿴ŵ⣬׷׼ˣҪһλסڳǱĹ˸ʲô˵أ
լۡʮֿǰݣֻ˵ش󷽣Ҳʮ־ϸ
ԺЩĻݣɢһľݴлһֻɺףͷһۡ
˼ҵ̨ʱԼһ
լۡڵԻݶǳӡ
һʿˣͷٹڣֱգȴһö⣬޵׺ר־дʲô
ԺеĽŲ̧ͷžϸۼиɻչ¶ǰ
ѵиεĵƹʦ𣿾
һ̧ͷ񶼵ȡ
һֵͷ
ʲô˿ԿԷǿ϶λˡ
ʮʿڲˢ˽µĲһۣ֣ʾ
еΣ̨׵ҪҪЬݿ϶ҪЬģأ
ԥ룬Ь̨ףӡ
вʲôġӶƽײҲˣǿô²ϰأ
һۣһ߷ӣһ߿ʼͬ˵ǳҵӶ
ǡ
ͻˣ
ǡ
ˡ
ʲôԻһסڳǱĹ˺ܵеʲôɺĿİɣ
С˵ı֡
ԴƹʦҵҵĶ֮󣬺ɫؿ
֮󣬲ˣĿһ°ɡ

һ˲ȥ
ҼҵﲻɾǲɾϲҼ͵̫𣿻˭ѹۣˣɾǧ򲻿ƫƫţҼҵǵɱͣɾһǾϸѡõġ
гĬض
治ܹ룡ͻһ죡Ū˶һˣ˵۸⣬˭ڹҪǶңǵؼҳԼȥ
кǲΪ룬Ҫ͵͵һ٣ģҵô
侲пȥˣ㻹Ǹء
п̲ȥˣǻ
ҲǶҵĻﲻ⡣
ǶԼ۸⣿
Ѵǹ٣ع磬˵˲ҪĿ
ô˵ĿӦûȥһøǮĻƹŶԣ
ף
ʱȻǸƽʱĿĻƣȥˡ
е֣ϰΪɶȥأ
Сˣ룬ɾԸͻȻС˲δ˱ɷ
пһۣҸ˲ᣬŵùң
ɾ˵ЦˣеΣСɾ˭̸Ųأ
һƬĬ
пĿ¶ԽԽ͡
϶˵ʲôˡ
㽫ǣϾ˵¡ûϳȥƽ˵ȥǮĿɸ֪ڣ˵ع̵Ǯ
5ȹȥ˵˻ҲûţοͲôһأ
㳤˧˵
ҪǶ̵Ǯ϶Ҳа취׷ϰǮҪ
Ϊһѵ֪¹ТĹԱλعϵȷʵԵò࣬ϽǣҲֻжǧǮѡ
Ǯ֮ع˲ûмŷߡ
УΣ
ӵĸհҵһƬ١
΢΢ͷȻûʲô飬üͷһĽǶȡ
λӣʡ
ÿһλӣСĵػش
һһʡԺţվ
ʱڵˮһ㣬
ˣ㲻ˡ
λ˻ͦлͶ˵ô
ֻˣ׼뿪ʱֺס
վµż޷ֱӵò
֮δ꣬˵಻ɣ뻻
⻰ʲô˼
һ˵Ȱһ䣬ٽЩ
Ȼλֻק˸ģδѣҲȷʵ׼ˡȫͬġ
ٶҺԺˡ
üֻҪһʾȼǮϲʱҲ䷢ģ˵ֻҪŵǮȻϣһμûбץûץҲûС
˾ͳϲļܣԽԽҪ½İæҲԽ̰۵ǵԼǮڸĿԴﵽƭϱĿġ
ٷ˵ĻƼҲˡ
ÿοĿ߰㣬òŵưҹĿϰһοοôҲܿˡ
ĿĻĲ֣ǿɣʮء
˵˵ȥʵЩĿ
ôһ룬ٸд²
ǻƻʱϲͷǳԲסϱһٴģ
ԵסҲԲס׵һٴ
Ҫ
ĵ鲢δ
ǸǵĻƵδ
ڶҲûС
ҲûС
̵Ĵ˶޶Լ·ʱҲʼò


17 
ũ£ֳĺ𽥿ʼ˪ԽԽټ֮ǰδߵǰ֮ľ̿ļ۸ʼˡ
Щ̱ڳǸɹ̫ܻܲȫ˺֮⣬ӵ˼Ҫ罫𴢴ģкڿЩģȥ˽粻ֲҼ֣ȥֳɵġ
ԺȻֲʲôģÿԶݣ÷ˮͲϣʡܳ
вֲݶرȼҪǷִһֶΣΪ˷ֹˮҪϲݶѡ
ȻѦ̵ĻܱȰ϶ܶҪǿһҪææµµݻ
ڴײҳˡ
׼󽫾νǣʮ̵Ĳݴʷԭ̫ͬξ׿̣ˡ
ҵıӪǽϺν类ɱȺ׵԰Ļ̻̣֪ᷢʲô¡˹ǺûҲ̶ӽʱӴ٣սɸҵ
ǰߴ۷׷ףȥ·⣬Ҳ˵Ǳ׽˾Ӫ˿ۣ
Ҳ۲ݻ˿һ㣬ܵһ̣粨ƽϢǸȥع̫ƽ
ͨձȽϹĴȥʱüڸɲ
̱ȽϹĴȥʱܲܽǸ˵Ļơ
һϴǣ׼ؼоôʱüţ˽ַ
ƷĻһԺˡ
֦ϲΡΡ֪ϺõľԺ֮󣬲գܲӦ˼ˡ
ΧַĿⲻ̫ơ
ƽװûḶַ̌ʮ֡
Сˣ
ץץͷ
һȥҪǮƲƲ죬ľģ첻ҪһǧǮˣҲ˵ý
ˣ̣̿
Ҫһģæһ䣬üӾʲô·ɣ
˵λеĶξʱʱȥƷȾƣչһʱɼˣǼʲôˣҲȥУ
ô
Ķǿͣί˵СϰգЩʲô취ȻǾţƽΪϡ
Ƴһۣе㲻̫ơ
ǺǣһЦ˭Ƕϣֻһ˶ȻϧЩֻ½СҲЩΪǵŮˣʱִͬ

е㲻Ծ
һ󳵵Ĳ׵ʰˣַҲԻؼȥüһԺɨһ̧۱Ҳ׼ؼꡣ
½С磬⼸տҪ𣿡
šҵǲһ£ЩֺıˣٳҲٵġ
⻰üͣɨ㣬ֱȥ
һ
ʲô
⼸ճⲻ̫ƽȴȡЩȥñǡ
üһ˵һ߱һҪߣŵе㲻ֽ֪š
ȱˣǣ⼸ոɲô󣬺αء
ӣһ˵ĺסʰõɾҿδŮסҲ
²üվªһȦһ
Ǽȥӣƻ¹ŻÿӰҲţҪĲ˸ʰӡ
ȻûУæ޼ҵѵˣʲôСӻῴأ
ػ˾ƷŮϰƳ
ѵ˵ʲôˣ
˼ҵĲ𣬸Ǯ˼ҲҪ˼ҲҲ֪ҪʲôʱܻͱȽ鷳
룬ǵл񣬵Ȼ˼ҲһҪôҲǸ̬Ȳǣ
üﲢûƾܣЦˣһ䡣
ⶫãҪһػҲһͬԷǱ㵱
ôãϽܾһ뷹״򷢵ģȥǣ
üǺһ£ֲҪͬĸִʲô
ǲɡ
ڼҲ̫ܳϲϢüһüˮƽֻǰǫͷǷ̫ˣеľս
˵ʱ绹պϣûкһǧô߱׼Ҫ󣬵ððʧʧװ״̬ܹѸԷҲЩġ
һǣĥŸ˵ʲô䳡ʱˡ
ĺսԹңڳ۶ģֻ˵֧
Ǿ뿪ÿնµıǣ˭Ҳ֪׿Ҫٱã˵ϸСļ·˾͵ûģҲôʮFӵܣСıܿҲͰˣЩʱײˣԼҲ״ˤǸܾˡ
ͬȺϳԺ˯ȫˤģΪأײɣٲ̤ȥţС
ӡûסһ䡣
ǫ̧ͷһۡ
Ρ
üﵹû⻰ʲôԣĶӵͷԺˣԺ˱ȥɡ
ɫ˼ȥѰ͵ƣϽҲ
ȺϽ˵ãƣǹ̸Щˡü̾˿
Ҳǣ̧һͷЩҲչ˾Ʒɣ
ƻʮϣһ㵭Ӱδ˵ֻĬĬص˵ͷ
üܲϲˣ룬Ҳ鷳ΪβƷͣЩأ
ҵҲ룬ֻǰǫǮءü΢΢һЦΪѰ˸ʦЩӾҪÑǮܳˣ꿪ʱҪȥƷæҲȥϼ֣Ǻã
ʶֵȻǺõģѧжأ˵ƽռҵĺӣǸʿմ״ʵĳ¶Ҳһְٰû쵽
5ȹҲֻġ
ԭŲԸصƷҲСЩ˵ҿûʲô˹ܵЩξҲ޲ء
˾ƷǮأ³ʲô󣬡ø첲֧ͷĵͬ죬ҲÿѵҸǣǮɣ
ҲԾǲҪˡ
ĶŲδãԭΪ׿ƣЩұҲ£
оµĴԣ˵λ浶ǹڳɱоʤԭԭиʮ֮ˣٵͷȴ˶׿ն˶ԭͷ­˷žʤ
׿ձඡԭ԰ĽҲ£һʱ졣
ٲδڳдڰǶԣ֡
һջƻ裬ԳǱʱַֽھһξüӼǰ
Ժ󿪣üҲڣֻһʧ룬ڵ޲ֹİǫ
½С˵һ̴ַ˹üӳˣ
£
δʱǻ˵ȥƷƣò°ȥˣ
ڲξ
ûʳΧߴߴĽַѾ˵һϢ¶ȥˣֻö׿ûʲô취лʲôܹܵõأ
һƬӷУǫͻȻ
ȾҰĸҪǳԣֽôСкʱ޵ɤ˻ƣҪ˵
ҪãͻȻɲǻƽܡ

ǸҲ֪ѣʮƽƵĮѵҪһ˵𣿡


18 
ǽһɱ
ǱӴǶԭĲݱ԰׿ԭӪڳʮﴦϦͤѾᵽϽ
·֪ˣ⻹ûꡣ
ǼüλĲ£
ӪկضǧΪһӪо׷ҥ׿ϵش¤ԭֻǧ˵Ӫկڱ˺ƺƵһƬΪ׳ۡ
Ѷ֪ŵǴס˼ƷĻƣϸϸѯ£һЩʲô
λξҹţ磬Щȥ
ֻһλţĽǶ׿Ůţ
ǣ˭֪ţȥ︰磿
ɫٵȥҲûʲôһأ͵Ҳˡ
ɣұ߱˱˱ȭ˵ܱ֤üӴأؾȫ
ַǻ࿴гҪǿѰȥģҲмûӹģǴӣиٶڵ
һ˿ϦڣͰ͵ϣ˵ˣúҲҪͬˡ
кηԸ
һݹȥһֻǮ
ǧǮС˵ҪǱǡ
ɾǮ˵ٷ֪𣿡
ϲһزȥİɣ
Ҳٷ˱㲻֪𣿡
׶԰סٶң˼ǰ󣬻ǰռϷ硣
ŭҲҼٷˣ
ͽ֪иипһ䣬ĲݰȻҲ˳˳ڡ
㵹ǶٶҵΪľˣǮʱ˺һ䡣
ǮҪôã
Ϻõ֬˿񣬡˵ЩİԼпܴİ
ҲøǮûʲôã
еֱԺŮҲʲôʡ
һΣԱ
ýòĶǮҲġ
ǰǽۿɼ࣬żнǵҲ̶ӣһ˽ǵӰʱǡ
ʱسǵʿȰһ䡣
ʱţ˰ɣ
룬ͷпܡ

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ƲЩر߹صĽʿ
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ʱùһӪһӪԵʼûʲôţĳ
ӪկŶصúϣһӪʿ˵ʲôЩ˵ķʹޱȡ
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СĵؿľդϣӰһ߶ǳѪܵĶһ˼ڽЩʲô
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ţľƺȵȷʵ˳
ȫǺպǹضң׽ʿˣʿĵ̬нʿǲᾹȻǵٶߵԬܵԹְʾ׽֮⣡
ǰ๫ʿ壬Ļʲôɫ
Ĵƣȷյ㲻
ĸ̫ۡξΣǲҲû˸Сɧ̫ξһƬϣֻ³͢أһЦģҲ֣
⺮ɪѽݶ֮Уڻȴյʢů紺
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ЩǴӪƳ𣿡
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ĬؿһȻʼɵأලʬ
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19 
Ӫɳиģһ㲻١
ЩȾƣЦֵʿȴûս
ǵĺͼ⣬żȻһƳĿвԾϵײУԼЦöŹʤϰߣ˵ĺºöɼһߡ
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ľӪɱһΣգھ˵Ĵ
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20 
ԽԽ䣬˵ǸãϾʣɱͷҲ·Ż
ҵɱԽԽ٣Ϊ⽥Ҫڸׯ̫ס
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21 
õϣ½Ÿһǵ̶˳ǡ
ض̶ӽ٣¤п̷򽥽Щ̶ӵͷͬĳСͷĿմ״ʣҲ˵һ仰ĹϵܴƬͬһء
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ҵ˾гǸ󣬶ΪǽѣһҲôЩƦһִǷծбծİ취ȴеļͣһȺӶĽɫ˭Ҳֲȥ
мʣͬ⸽ͷβСн飬ŵҪԳ½㣬һ뵽ı
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22 
ڵҸʱǺܶݵģ󳼱С̡ƵȴԽԽߣƵϰԿʼ·ߡ
Ͼµײճ𸻣Ըżҹ嵹ùҲȥǱֿ۸Ѫһذ֮ٿͷ­š
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⼸˽Դţ˵ܣԳǣǧСĲǡ
ףǵһ˵Ϊɶеܣ
ȱףֿ޲֮ʡ
¶ƺ˵ʲôȥˣֻҡҡͷи˵ð
еСʵ۴Ҳ˵仰СŶ롣
·ۼݴʮҪ붭һʤ
ϢȴľӪУЩƵı֤
͢Уе̹ŮбҲ˹⣻
һ˵Сʵ֮Ҳѵõ¶Цݡ
ҳڣԬԬ·Ȼ֮ʿʳ»ܲ˼Ч
͢ǲȱ̿ĵطΪ׿׿ʳܵί
տյ֮ڣֻصϢܴһǰůֱ׿ϵһµϢ
Ԭֵң׹񣬡һڵƱһ˲ºǨ
λ׳˶佫Ѿᣬ׵ͷ۽Ǵƣֱϵ׸⣬ڰʾѲǻʱǸսİս֮ˡ
ھӵУ׿Ȼͷľʯʱֳһ㣬ǡֵ۾ȥ
׿ʵôںȻʮƽĵػشӵ⣬ֻȥܱ¡
ŲҪ˵ıСʵƲסļʲôûкֻǽغȦ
˶׿Уһ䡣
ºϲ
´𲻳׿ҲûҪ˸Դʹ֮󣬱㷢һЦϵļⶼײеضһ¡
·ģὫˡ
ǨϢҲʼص
ʵۺ͹ǿ϶ϲϢǵļ塢ҵԼӰڹض֮أɶδɣ¤н֮ڣǡΪޣΪ⡱Ļע⣿
ƽղں
˶׿꣬Ѿ̵ùˣ׿͢ߣߣضľӽʱ̫̫ܳƽȻӭһ̫ƽҲûӣɱ˵ҲзԲ̵Ļ
һо̸ҲǱõ뷨ȥ˯ġ
Щ֪ǲǷ̩Եʣ󶼲ͬΪˡ£ǲǿо԰Щʲôˣ
ü԰гİţڴֽ棬ʳZɣ⡭Щ߲˵İúһ㣬ûֵģˮô
˼ʱԺͻȻˡ
̤ʱͻȻĻƬҹգ
Ͼ࿴һۣһ󼱹һе
ÿʱſվһεӣûһ˹
ɾ嵨ūƽϾӣѣū澶иɾСżе˵ɾмǽܺãгһպҵԱȫɾʷ
СŵĻּֿ˰벽һ۱ڵϣԥظ˸ûӦһ̵ˣ
ǿʹŻ£һʮ֮ңҲڹзŻ𣬼ղű𣬵ⲻ˻ʹŻͬС֮ʲôϵ
ȻһγĻⲢδϨ
ﻤʵ빫ȻԼ䲻ʵ̬뿪ԱŶһ·ضֻԼԼز²⣬ڴأȴȫһա
˵һҪ
İûװʲôƱװ˸ƴģΪϻӣϻ򲻿һΣ浹Ƿʮֳصģʯͷһ
ʲôֻ˻ΣŲӣδֵǮ
Ҫ½ۣеҲһ˷ܣ˵ܸ㵱ұأ


23 
ⶫܲܵұҪ˼һ᲻ȡ
㲻ǵûлҩȻıﱧϻӹĵ˰죬ϻӹտͬʱˮ׼ҪãǸȻҲÿ̫ѿˣϻӣʱôСŽ
ģ
⼸Ϊ׿Եʣ밲ؼɱ׬Ǯ̫ףҲ˼ǧǮǵɽҪʧãʮǮԼҴ£С
ҪϻӺͻһ
ɣСǸɫ˵ⶫԳ͢Ҫһ͵Ļ˳ǣǮ͵˸ô죿
ǲˮ棿԰棿ǲǲ̫
ҹϻӺ˼һܿЩ룬ô˯ˡ
ˮ䵽ϣһ˿ˮһ˿ҽĽһ˿ùζһ񾭡
һµɵ̧ͷŷϷȥ
һֱӺҹ磬ʱէҲӲûƬ©ꡣ
µõǲ󣬴˿ϱĴ𶼽һ㣬ûȫϨ
ĻϨϨûëǮϵ©ⲻĴ齾Ҫùˣ
滹꣬ȥһƬ߳⡣
ոϷŻûվȣһŵˡ
Ϊţļϸһŵûվȡ
ɾʲô
¿ȥüվԼ£˫ĿԲֵ
Ҽ©꣬˵ҵÿƬˡ
ʹ©꣬ϷĵƬʪһȿô죡
ȿˡǾȥһΣ
üü￴
ɾ©꣬ݱ֣ܰαˣ
ôУ컹ţҪһ궼ͣѵ˽Ӳ𣿡
仰˵ûʲôɣΪʲôüҭסˣȻˣȻһۣ
ԲʲôµĶ𣿣
Ҫһı󶨸һԴƵЦҪ𣿡
Ҹôأ
ſݶе㲻Ҷ͵͵˺һ䡣
мװû
ؼʱ̣Զ
ٽӰڡ
һƬδߣѾӼ˳
îʱδ峿ܳԺӡ
ЩһĴһ𾪵תΪŭ;
дһ˳סڴ˵أδӱȣҪǨɱң
ûҲϰģ
ӶһƬÿһնſ־ŭ˿Ҳѹֲסڱ
ôˣҲɫЧ룬Ե޺
ҳоԹŭЧçҮ
£ô϶ǴеıСطĻˣûǼ˱߳ŭһ仰뿪ˡ
Ϊ֮ȽУ򡪡Ǹ˾ޣָָʹķ򣬡һ
ʱͣˡ
ʹĻȻδŨֱϣһƬ֮С
ݶϵе¡
޷
·ð˴ļҡ
´Ĵ齣»ĴаǧԵͭơ
԰ﻹ˸СӣζŨҵļࡣ
ߺüƭ׼ʵõģѾ˸ɫ߲ӣⳡ󣬾׼һ
Ǩ£ЩСϰյʲôϵأ
˭ʺϽϾСʵۣ˭ʺϳΪ۹£Ҳûа๵ذɣ
ΪⳡսҪǣأ
޷ѡ˭ʵۣҲ޷ѡ˭ͳң
޷ʰʱһͱˣҲ޷ԼеŮ
ڹȨû
ɾ
عüɫ׵
Ӧ˵ʲô
˵ʲôأ
ǲסˣһط¿ѻĵأвУ
ǿеġ
Ӧȥĵطأ
ﷴ⣬ûд𰸡
Ҳûд𰸡
ǼǨ
ǶǨġƷаڹ䡢ʿˡˡū澡󡢽𲯡ݡ
Ǩ˳սӱϣӶΪ˼ӿһǨٶȣ˻ļһ֧ƦɵĶ飬Źǿйͨģȹ棬ڰǨӻߵģͳһȻϡ
ǵ⣬Ҳò뿪̤ķ
żҲзˣ³⣬ȻɫΥİϷбάȨΨһֶΡ
ȥǧ󺵣ܵˮƺŽֻܲȴʼδ
ܲٵһأ
ٵһȣԬͻˡ
д˴֮£Ϊضƴ󣡡
ֻҪϼգڡꡢɽ̫ض
ʱǱ㲻Ϊٳˣ
ţϽǣַΪһʮҵ£Խ뿪ñԽ׿ԽңֻҪٵһ졭
ֻҪٵһ죡˵죬ľӱ㵽ˣ
ʱǱ㲻ر磬رȵķ㣬ش޶С̵ֻرţһƬ·;С
ԽԽ࣬ǨҲԽԽ࣬ൽƺûʲô취ĵز
ÿһңÿһϵףȵλĸĻŶǼ̫ĵطˮصķ򡪡̫һ𣬻һˮأֻҪϢĶ׿һӴܣɢ
ǶôģҲס
ǿģȷԬܺԬļ˶԰ɣ
常һң常ʮҪĳԬλݸӹء
ôӦúܱʹŭŶԣ̫ȷ˵ô룬ԬԬֵӦἲ羢㹥׿ľӣѩޣ
ֲ²ҪһĹ۲ܵóΪ׼ȷۡе˵Ļᣬˡ
ܲΪ˿޲޾ȥԬܴ򹤣
㱻ڣ𣿡
ȵȵȣ룬һиû
˵ȵȣ
ѾܾˣԴӿʼʸ־سͷ⣬󳦣滹԰Ĺϡ
ǲ֪ʲôʱƺ伣ˡ
ԼңƺΧĽַھҲ¡
ΪԵ
ȥսˡ
ǲ󶴳˲˳֮⣬ûκ谭˲һʱ䣬ͽٿˡ
гʹ޵һ棬Ѿ˺ܾˡ
ʲôԵʣҼһûĵزɣԻһֻľ˻Ρ
ûüشĿ޽
Ӱշˣ


24 
˵һҪǨʱüͿʼĬĬʰҡ
ٲ۵Ķ·϶Ѱģһשһߣһһľߡ
ǿסԼ𣬻ʣµֻ˲ҩװ
ĸΪβ·ϳأǫǲ⣬֮ҲҪ·
֮ȻҲҪ·ǹ¶ĸƽȫտǴֻǸ鷳
ֻʲô鷳ģԼܱ˼·
һͣץʱ첹üͣһͣе߻ҡҡͷ
ܱ·㻹ܻסɣ
Ǵһһߣѵ
˭˵أһûУʮհձ˵һ£ƣʱֻʼ˼ң
ڵ½ɾȻǸĳĺˣҲֻǹһˡǰҴɲ·ʲô£½ɾضҪչӡҵѾȹԼһΣһٵȥָ˼ΪԮأ
ҪãüеĳٽᲢδԶӽֻº͵һ䣬ֻһСƳҪװʳأЩֻѡߣɲɡ
ʲôǫһ
Щʮֳأջֲô˳֣Ȼǲܴġǫδʼ飬ڵĻ㴫˹
ڳжѻ˴Ĳݣ׼󺺵ĶǸ֮һ棡
Ļǰǫδģг˿־֮⣬һֵ˷ܡ
ĸкһɷƵܳ˼ſڣҪһЩǵĴ𾿾ʲôģ
ԸնߣİйĴ
Ũ֮Уڿ޺ܣЩ޳УЩ²壬һһĻŲ·ڻ֮Уˡһƺʱذˡ
ǿûʲô棬ҲûзȣײײģˤͷѪ֮󣬻ҪżӳһƬһƬɵķ֮䡣
ԶԶȥЩӰǽҴܵСһ
ʲôǫЩһ䡣
ڵԺô򿪣½ɾ߳Ҳһۡ
󡣡
Щ˶Щгĺͼϸβͣͼⳡӳһ·
ЩԱϣڻзӴܵ󣬾ȻǴӳǱ
ԭסĵطҲ󣿣ǫһ
ţӦһԭҲ󡣡
ʲôʲô֮ǫԻ󲻽̧ͷһۡ
úأҲûʲôͬԾһVֻ֣Ǳһųһֻҡϱ˸鲻֪װЩʲôͷϻ˸Ʋñ
⸱ģʵеЦĿǫЦ
ȼһһ֣ۿűŶˡ
ЩԭӦų͢뿪ģΪλڣѵĴ룬͵͵Ǯ¸ʱطŹԼ
ϧСҲˡ
ΪϹͱƴ׳ϱ֮ͨһն
ǧ򻧣̽ԡ
֪޽ĹҪõʱ䣿
Ҳ֪ҪõĴ𣬲ŻὫȫĨ
ΧһƬ˶ֶ룬ץʱʰᶫֻͬǫվ·ڣݵط
ΧԽԽ࣬һĴСһֻ̡
еֻܿԼȣеļлƳһСƳ
ΪҴҵģͷһƥһС˴һ˫Ůãʡȥ
ҲԽԽ࣬ЩʮֹԻĶлĵطܱ֤ܵʱȫĵطеŰյĽŲŵķ˳ȥ
ĽŲ޷ˣȴˡ
һƽƽķӣһӣǼµѪҵ
ǿ·ģƽʱڽַʲôˣʻǳĬϲռСˣʮֺˬ󷽡
ҲвԸ·ģЩ׷ԲԵˣǻԼõ·Ĭ˻⽥
üڳˣƽʱϸΣʱЩҲʮȵһСƳ½ǰһһѡ
ͬüһβδ˵Цֻһ񣬶֣ǫ
һȥ֪֪£֪Լһܻ
½㻷һȦֲֹüһҡ
˻һͷͬ԰һ𣬶뿪
ƺҲӦͬԼļ԰
ⲻǮķӡ
ļҡ
뵱һƽ³䵭Լļ԰Ҳ޷ȫ
ذҲСƳϣȺСƳ
֪ʲôɷϣЩҲԱˣĶ׿˵ҲԼֻһֻӴܣ㲻ͬ
ƺĳĬһеøЩһζ
ԻøһЩһЩǲͬ
Ƕȼգȼմķʼһһطظ
Ҳڸ౻뺢ӵĿ޽УֻǳѲӵš
ĬųżһԼ࣬жЩٻĿҼ
ҿԻЩһ𣿡
Ȼԣ˵ǿö࣬˿ԻñǻҪ⣡
ҵСЩ˵Ҳܻô⡣
гĬһҪߵſڵʱȻ͸һ˿֡
ͷ쿴
˲԰ӣɹԺţǼװྫĹõļҵСݣһȼա
̫صˡ
ֶ̿ȺڳŴ𽥻۳˺ĳӣæ֮УҲϾȥЩֻῴ˺ûжϵʳû£ֻ߱˴Ҫе룬𼷵һźá˺˼һҲͰˣƳһ·ʤʱҪǰСɢܣǿɾɵˡ
ƾŸܴһҲ½㵹ǳɹСƳȫͳˣֻǵŢһ·һ·ĳޡ
ֱ˳ǣڳ׼ЪһЪһ·˴˴Щʲôͳ˴۵ȵ㡣
ʳǱģﱻҲ٣ͻݵĸ˻ܼǵôߺУĺҲ֪һȻ˵ֶǱشģϾ۸񲻷ƣһҵ˭Ҳýڼ
½ɾЩʲôأװ˲ʳɣ
ԼǼʮңǮ
ΧݵؾĬһ£ǰǫˡ
һ·ĵطûУЩǮȲܳԣֲܺȣҪʲô
ҵĻôܶȵ˳ʮֿ϶˵׼һ׷أ
Ҫ԰𣿡
һôС԰ӡն˵
ԭǸһģһ
ȻҪֵϹϲ˲ˣٴСӡ
ҪŰǫЦһЦȴԼЦǾüٵͷʱͷͻȻһ󼸺Ʋסʹ࣬ȦͻͻЩȡ
㷢ˡвͻȻ𣬡ڻҰɱôܶûΪʲôˣ


25 
ôġǸ⣬ȷһš
ȿܸ֮ɵɶ
½Լְҵ츳رʶսרѡ֮࣬ȫҪԥ
ֵ̫Ͷ˷ССȷдʱû뵽ģɲʹһԴ
ûܰε߹ӣ˫˫޳ɣһ˷棬ǿɲɡ
ȻᣬھദôãҲϰĵ̺ĹˣѾ⣬ⷽˡ
ô
ķսܸѡʲô
һʷôʺУ㿴֪ᱻ׿һѻˣҿ϶ǲַͶʵġ
һ£в̫õԤС

ʷϸǡ㡯ѧʷ˵˵ѧһ趼ŵӡ
ʲô
ɱ20ä

ʷ塢ڽ̡ȫòϵ֪ʶ⣬ѧʲô
Ұо˵桢ȻǱҪܣİ˰·ϣʳ֧Ųסġ
꣬Ҫʪܵļϼ£ʲôķˮܱ֤ʳù
˵·ϵĿشׯϾ׿ԶҰ׼ضһһһףԼĵ̣Ϊ˱ߣǣҲܸһҰˡ
ųأũغ¤Уһ·ӦпӦĹǱ֤ģ˶ʾһͬ
ı֤Ҳǲֻ̫̾
ֱ֤ûôţ롣͢ǵһ뿪ģǹңЩ˲ǹ·ÿһҶ԰ټƵū͡ƥǵĳԺǾ˵ģ⿤һҲȹǵġ
ǰ֮ڵͨգЩ·ģҲǿعΪ޵ġ
ԺũĿزҪչǨĳ͢䣬Ҫˮӭеݾṩݣ̰⼸İѽչ˰أ
׿ȻһҪǨߣôȻһ߻·
·߲ѿҰˣ±·İڹ⣬һϸֻ֮ðͷ
ּæŮҰð𣚣Ȼһͷܾͺˣ۴ʲôڶ
㿼ǺҪѧϰʲô𣿡
Ǻˣ˵Ȱѡ塱͡칭
Ľ񽣣ë˲õ⣬ɲǡ
꼾Ǹ£׶ܲѺãܵδһ㡣
гĬһ㻹ʣһ㼼ܵ㣬ʲô
ţҲ̫ȷܹʲô;ġ
뿪졣
Ϊһѡͬھһ𿪻󲿷Ǹüһ
ҲͬԼۺͼҵӶȻ῿ŶңҲһüԼŸСƷƷûˣӶҲɢˣչǻһ㣬Թ¶ĸȫЩ
ĴȻ󷹺ζӣҼһĳԷңû⡣
ζ֮ǰݺõģһΣ·ϲãֳԷƺιҲ̫󡭡
ζӵʱżͲǸ·Уʱͺܺã·Ҳ»һ·Ŀָոչʳȥճɲôãܲôһλҹӡ
쵹Ǵֻ𣚣ûԼ¡
ڿҼһӶǳ;ϣҰǲ۲۵ʿˣ״ƽ졣
ǰú˼ھˮһӿʼֹʿǵŷ緶Ҫάֲסˡ͹һҩô⣬³ǳ;棬ެϺɿŵã¶ɫֿʼһղһա
һֻ𯲻ȥٰ࣬ëʵҲʣôҲһ⣬ͬһˣһӣζƮʱΧƵƵĿ
ô֮Щʶʱѡ·ڣôˡ
Ȼ˵ע⡣
󽫾ȴʮն׵һ⣬Ϊʵġ󽫾мʮŽͣڡС๫ҵ⣬д˵еĳҲ
ʱգ²ǵڶνϧһûĻᣬȻεҲʵʵظŰһ·
ǼǲٵģҲĴЩڽ𲯸װ˼һ·;ŢأҪУҲϽǮ֡
ֻǴ࣬еҲ࣬ʮٶҲó̼ôأ
Դһտʼ뷨㽥вˡ
еĹȻҪ֧Ķ飬ͬʱҲǨһԱҲҪչԼСҲҪ׸ɲ
ҲḺЩǨǸĴѲߣɱÿһͼΪضשߵˣ
ַھӼԭӦƾٵ¸ص˳£Ľ֮£Ī˵ЩΪ˲۶Ů뿪԰ǸżһͬŵģҲʼ
Ĺҫ·ƣİʱ˱㽥ˡ
ЩԭڳлƦʼѰǵĿ꣬Щûӻû˵Ĺ¶ĸһҲãһҲãֻҲһ׮¡
çײƦҲǶʮ˼ңҲй¹ѣʮֺ֡
Ƕ˵Ǹɱ
˿Ǹʮ߰꣬òˣҲƵýͿҪ˵ôǸǽַģ
֪ı£
ʮ֮һҹǸɱɱģǳĵˣѪɱ಻գ۵ͽϢΪɱ
ɱĲǼ̵ϱǰϵ⤣
ϢʱǻЩŰɣһƿСһģ
·Է˯û
ֻǼı֮Ⱥ޻ɡ
־Ȼо䣡
вʣȴҲҶԶȺѹ¶ֻ֣ʱѰʺôİѹե
Ȼǲֵģȴͬ
ɲʲôкպġ󽫾ʱῴĵı棬Ź֣ڴҼȻƾ³ԷѾڣʮ˼ƾʲô֪ʶȤһ㣬򿪰ϽЩΣĶأ
֪ưܣģܵٹ⼸ʮ˰³ã
뷨ԭǲģһѵ·ϣҸƾ£Ҳٵ
ʮµĺһ󷴸ⲽԶԶһƬ֮䣬ͷԷӰ
ϸôҲ֮ýҪЦˡ
ѵȺΪǸò˵ĻƿСֻƾһּܻȫ


26 
һĶڻǰУнʼеӵˡ
ʳģ𲻹ģ·Ϻ˼δеĺˮкֹģ㿪ʼðյģ䵽ĺȥ
˵Ǩ;ǸѣԽԴԽ١
ͨձڼҲǰһһ̾͹ȥο·ϣѰտǣЩӵǰһ֪
Ӫ˿Դ񣬽ȥ˯һþû˱ּѰһڷĵطο
ȻǼǲᱸֶģֵĸԼһһߣͲ첹ġⶫ̻ãǽˣʳȫŵԱܳù˵֧ʲôʳҪ󣬴žˡ
üһССƽʱʳװƳϣϱ㽫򿪣ðǫ˯ȥ
죬ԼҲԽＷһ죬ԼܣҲýǴʳȥġ
½ɾͱҶˣҪƳҲûϢ
ʱѰȥһܣ죬ᱳϳȥĴѰ
Щ˽أǳǷַָھ֮Уϲ֮ˡ
Ϊ˸˼ҵİΣ룬ҪּʰÿʰĵҲһе
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Ͷ֮ǰȺ˽ģŻӶ
Ƚ֪кˬ֮ϲýύ·ʿɤӣҲ˼Ī⣬ʿԸҹѩ˺ޣڳл


27 
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˫۾ѾǰĵҲǰһ죬һġ
վҲֻüһ롣


28 
νں֮ڣžǷȺආµı֡
ףʮȻһΪҲûУôɢˡ
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29 
λݴϣ
ǵġƷи߽ࡱٿľӡǲݱǾܵĽĿ¶ֻЧҶ
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ܵʲô취
꽫һֹһҲſһڱӡ


30 
ٽģһһˡ
û·˵ǺϾҹв·ߣҲˣȵ㣬Ҫٵ㣻
ʳò㹻˶ԣҲܺ¢ѰҰ˺ѿĵҰѾˣ׽ǿʵĻżỮƺܹȶǿöࣻ
ʳûˣͺܲôˣû˭ҵʳӣƾϴףԵʱҲҪЩ۳ԡ
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вˣǫҲֹζӣŵüһ˼ȫڶϣ⼸ռ˺תҲ˼ͬ˵ˡ
ͬıǸСӣʮ߰ͣ˵Ǽбʣ綢ϣ㣬Ҫծ
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ȽȽСӪصһǣһժҰˣһ࣬ϲУֳܷһ˼̸
⻰ü￴һۣɩˣ
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ˡ
ںӱ߸ѻ롣
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ʱ޶¶ƢѸٱԽԽ꣬ҲԽԽҰ
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м㣬ɳô
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о˹ֳշɾѰǲعǣġ
Щӣϸչңֻ࣬ϣԶ֮ˡ
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ɤʲô˵һſڡ
ҴӦ㣬´ѧʶôƵӹµΪأ
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òյĶߣ̾ϢͰ
ɾͷ­򶫡ٽһЩ


31 
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ǣŻᱻھĸĸ࣬꣬롣
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Щûô棬ּǳֻй¶ĸΪһҲȥ
ٲһģ·Ҳᱻ˰ȥʬҲⶪ·߻ˮǳģҰҧģ˻ᣬҲ˾۲ˣ
˼ʹĹҲ㲻ΪҵģЩʬҲûУıʧˣ֪˭ĶǸ˽ҹһ㡣
¶㣬·ϯᣬܴճһ鲼ެϺɣΪТУֱɷҲ
ּУ˳˰裬ܿ˸ų͡
˭ҵأ
ޡ
һߴ٣
顣
·İڣЩפ㿴һ˸ŵ͵͵ĳ͡
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⽥ʼɢȥ
ެһɷķĹ㲶԰׵ϴ˭Ҳ顣
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·ϴԼٵʮ죬ˡ˿˳λѡδţ
˶סбţ֮ǰʮ֮ʱ㱻˴ٵһλַ˿ڣҵǨѵаţ
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Լ߰ǧǮ;ִһζԣ˵ʳָˣǮͬģڣһƥֵǮϼǧǮһȻǮĻ
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ڳ͢˵ʵҲ㲻ʲô⡪ûסûʳֻҪԼҺǿūɣʱֵܷһ׶֮أҲֵܷһ뷹ԡ
˵󺺽£᧿Σеūó׳Ƶϣ¡
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ʲôͻȻˮųص춯ԼһѹȸϮ
ĵһӦǽŵ͵һʯͷγȥһɿת׼ӭУȻû뵽
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̫ˡ
ŽԼҲˮģˮԻУǸոճһǺ˵ˮеǱ
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֮ӣξһһˣ͵ڶǶһ񲻱ˣ
ƺԥּһ䣬Ӫʿ˹͵ܲͬһֻЩשߣٸʿЩǮʡһǮΣ
ô£ô˵ԽԽ
ûע⵽꽫Ľνĳˡ͵ܡ˵ⷬʵջ̫ˡ
վûסԼ̰ɱ
Ȼסһߣʹˣ˻ǵСԸ֡
ƺûںܾһ̣СĺлһȻ־ǿġ
ʼռǵãһλʮˣͬϵǰʱٽµһ硣
·ߵʬһߵһߣûжǴõģµİգȻڣѽ²塣
ǻţпţ̧ͷİĴ󺺶ʱԶ˹Ĵ֮
ǰʿū澣ƷǷ
мһʮŮ˽СһϮ˸˸ԡ
ںĳķΣĵü񣬲Ʒ֮ˡ
һ̶֧ԶԶ˶ſ˳
ʮٽʱ̧ͷϿһۡ
ŮĿϡ
һҲûжЩɱ
Ҳûйкͬ顣
˫¹һ峺۾ôģһ棬
δ֮μףȻ׶Դ˺ӡ󣬵½ԶҲǣλؾʱ龰
Ϊǿȫ˰


32 
ס
ûʲô˻͵Ϣ
¸ķӣⶼ͸ոµשϢ
ϣʱʱҲЩСɽ
УǳӼҪˡ
һ齣һżһֻ񣬶ҪľͷϣǨʮ˿ڣôľͷأ
һȵıֻѰһŲϯɵϴ̣ϯҲƽ״ϵġέ˿μˮϵέҪ˾ͺ˲㣬˵ÿնвʧˮˣҲֹƽһҺڵŬ
έɲϯҲҪ򣬶û㾭飬಻ֺֿõĲϯ
ʱެƽֻæŮ֮£˵ƶôмĶأǿСƽʮ֣Ӳǵ̼¡¼һ⴦ݣΪ˺Ҳʼ˲ϯЬÿշ混
ÿҲȥǽЩѲݻĸЩϹ¼ȴǿסһҵ
Ҫ֧ȴôףԭϡ٣Ǽֶţ򣬳͢Ǩ֮󣬳ñһʸĻôƽģôԵƽأ
һƬǲ˵ľۼ䲻ںƽյݱǮǾԲģЩݵ¼ͷ£ȼģЩȦš
ЩĴѰŮڼƴķ֯üʱûƿ𣬺ͬĺһ֯ҹ֯Ȼǲģ·мСᣬҹܵŵƣȻܸɵö
ڳԺ⵹ʮּ򵥡ڼּҵĸ·ܼǵʡЩζӣֻҪ󷹿ɳԣһ·ˣζҲʣҲ̫ġ
Ϊ׶µĳˮȻҲǵص±ζ˺ڣҲ͵ˡ
ӿ಻ࣿҪͬ˭ȡ
ͬȮĶȣȻ׹װ㲻ܣͬøЩû֮صİأ
һƬһƬЩƬ׶֮صոһյڳ⣬ǶطڿҿҵĺˣڱĶֻϻһͰ͵ƤҲȻ
˵ūҲȥģһ·ŮҲˣǾֻš
ʲôǼߣǳ׽ѡ
ֻϧ֡Ҽñǰܿ࣬콫Ǹߡִȱˣֻÿ峿ξɼȥƳתһתʬͳһ񣬱ˡ
һ᲻ľͷ
ҲڻԵ
׷ӻ˴ĻҲǧǮ
ƥûó֣Ժ˩ţÿƴسԵһݣһ൰
ѰӬɧţ泯ڲϯϡެϱģΪչ˵Ĵл˼һҪ顣
Ǹϻﵽװʲô
۴϶ٶ϶ǴͷģǸϻӾԴ棬س䵱һϸͷ;
˵ͷ֮⣬ܸܸɵʲô
ôʱԺźȻˡ
һµϻպúݿšվ棬󺹡
͵ܴˮô
գգۣȻеġ
ŽݣЬһˮݹȥպһڣűʧɫʹļס
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סͣסڶйˣЩӶҲĴȥһɣأ
Ŷͤ½ֲ㣬ֲЩ֪·֮ˣҪһǿɵۣ⴦£͵ǰ֪͵أ
еûӦ￴
СĵҲһۡ
»Σø˵ʲôֱһ䡣
һʮʯ

ҪûǴ̸˵ǵ㳣ʶĻξҲͶʯٺ»ɣξҲؼ־ֳ֮ǣȫʧҵĴ˳ڼӬ͸һOFFERӽƼ
˿ŮװļҪ𣿡ȷ˺һ䡣
㿴Ůװļƾɣ빥𣿡
˭֪أһ£Ҳ˵£ҪƾɣOFFER
λͤǸʲôˣ
ǲˣŽ˵͵Ѱʺ֮£ǷģӶ͵ܡ
ɵضſһͤбڰɣ
Ҳ룬λ˸ϵױ͵ܡ
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ɱˣ
ʿ
ŻȻ
͵ܿмҾ죿
ɶһ£ûУѵ֪
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Ҳ˵ԥԥ룬㿴Ŵ͸һ
ȷʵǾˣʹϯϽ̸㲻ǰ£Ȼֱܹض㿪һˮ
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ͤҲ½ģҲԶǧȷڲһƬġ
ֻǵʱ˵ͤȥˣʱȵȶˣ̫Ҳˣλ˲Ż
볤Ĺ䲻ͬͤһף顣
˴ʮ̫꣬ҲֻýѤãƥ筺쿥ʱ㲻ŭһ㲻η
ƳһԹñ׼Ķˣۡ
ʲôˣ
ѰǸǰԺ
ŶλүȻ򣬡ԶǸɱҿ
ֲõԤС
ǹԾվ֤һ㣬һ̬
˵ϰһ£ƼǾ仰ô˵š
ûأ
λϲ˵ʱݵĺүǰһ´һȻתͷһȫ׵ľ١
ɱö
ô˵ˣ
ǸҲһۣԶף˲ò࣬
ү˰֣ʾ˵ˡ
ڸŸүһֻһֻͣһͣתͷüֿһۡ
ǵöЩʳԱġ
仰û˵λүֱֻȻһ¡
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Ϧ£ǸҴҶȥģһıӰзź⣺
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˺ܾ֮½ȷˣǸ˭˵ġ
аڶ׿ԬԬܡԼ


33 
ͤʮɣϡۣϱ֮ۡĹ׼·ש԰ȻС»˵޿ޡ
ǸϵŮеһ㡣
ȻĳլŮͱ޳Ƿǣ֮ǰҲеڴһȺഺŮ˵˵ЦЦϸԺ䣬ƻ¥̨û档
Ϊߵİͳ첢ϵҪ죬϶ǲȱǮģΪʲôȥĴ߶Ůһɫʮϵĸأ
պʱķɷ˵ŮʵŮūҪ˿ˣϻòΣԹܻỿһȺòŮЩĻ黭ҲɣɾµСҲ
ŮԼô롭ûں˵Լͬȼϸ϶ˣôջأʬһ·ȺںСûں
ǲֳĺӣ
һ룬Ȼˡ
ɫʱ˿̫ˣ
ΪףܹɹپҵҵľͬҪͺȾƣһ¡
һȺɱİӶûô޵Ŀζԭϰ߹޹Уϰѹſɱ
ɾ֪˵רǵģԴγãŪЩٹء
ⶫмٵģе㲻⡣
Ȼ˵ѵδ˵Ǹ
Сʱ˵ʱǻȳ汾
ڱ˾ƹݷ汾
ȽһѾǣСʱǸ汾Զ׼ԡ
汾㻹˵׼
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һ·ٿĺֻ۾Ա߰ڵǼ趹̦Ҳûʣ£ĻƵҲΪ⡣
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ȱôǧǼѽ
δڱǰ;һף
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ʮֲִڵǰȥͤ˶ӣɲ
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Ϊɶأе㸴ӡ
λϳġǽϣҲһ˿ڲס
һ·СĹ۲죬ɾƷС
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ҴûԲ£
Ҳû˵Բε˵
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ѾʼˣɾֱȥҲСĽĪ˸˵ۣ
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˵е֣ͤСǹܼҡȥϸһ֮󣬱Ϳĸȥ˳ʱɱϾʱʲôǷɾɡ
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ټһȺͬ½ܹ֮Ӳûһ˿
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ϳʲô˵˲ģӦˣ׼
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κλʮͷĸˣȻʮֵ壬ױҲΪģòҲʮ㣬͸ոϱǲһ
ΪһһԸ϶ҪЩʲôʲôϣ̵ΣЩעҡ
κ˻һȦʮֱ׼Ĳݻʵû𣿡
ȻеģС̨һͰֻϷ˵ԸڡС׼
κϺޱ飬ǵöЩףҪԡ
Ŀκ뿪ıӰһƬĬ
ʡСһֻ֣Ϊʲôǰأ
ͻȻתͷ
һ޵ص
˵õɣûϱ𣿣޵µ񳤰Ϊͳ⣬һ̸ף
Ӧ˵ɶ
û˵ɶѾŭתΪңȥˡ
ȥʳǿȡ⡢ԡϡһϳ´㡣
治ɽζ
ʳߺ󣬳һҡ
Ȳһ¡˵ָΣ
סԱһʮۣöΪ̬Ү
գգۣС粻֪Ϸ˼ڲȻҪͬߵġ
Ȼ󣿡
ȲĲϷˣֲԸȥͬκ˽ΪѣֻѰӹȥһ١
оеûӦżΪ֮
ۿһۣˡ
һŮ˹öӣȥ

·г𣿣
ųɪԶȥıӰΪʲôҪڳһලԱˡ
ӣҲ˶


34 
ϴһʱ֮оô
ʵС
Ϊߵĺˣ½ıԲһˣ˺ٶʲôҪ󣬳Ժöȶ⣬ż鲻ʱ˵Ҳߵš
һ׮ǸʱʱȺݽ죬Ⱥ˳Ժȹ󣬱ǽ岻ʲô²һذˢһϯҲʲôӶҪһʱҲأ
˭ҲһȺװ޹ˣʱȫ۾ͻһ߼Щˣһʹ996
֮⣬һĿԸλ˶պȺͬ˵κʵϲ㣬벢ݿζĴ㼸ԭⲻ˻سġ
ֻȢһˣе㲻⡣
ʲôӢôֻһأ
һۼüŪһ¡
κǲݳֵܰģ˵ֵڲݾҲһԱպĽ죬˲
ϷȻ΢ȴòǾ͸ˡ
ͻȻ˼άɢһ¡һҪǳҲƵģһѻ𱻵ˣһأ
˼ͳĽ첻Ҫ°ɡ
ݽϴʱˣҼһҲӹˡ
ܹ黹ǼѣɢϢѻˣҹʱټģҪôæµһգͷ˯Ҫôǰҹ֯Ͼġ
Ŷʼ996صлǺѰһ˵Ľַھӡ
ͷֶ
Ҳûôȵ˷ָˡ
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ļݿ˽ˮʱԺͻȻˡ
һţͬıһСװʮɳվſڡ
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ţͬĵҲƴǣ󷽷߽ˡ
ժĹӣɾ
ӣͬġ
˵һ¾Σò˵ĶôԼ˺۶ȥԳıǸСˣ˶٣һöͭЦе㲻ڡ
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кöأɾչˣȻɾġ
ףոʣüͬëͶõСǮӳԣȻкöࣿ
ֿͬһۣɾ֪סЩެ߲Ǹġ
ԭնԾн׼ûʲôڴҿ˸ֽ͹֮⣬ľһɫı䡣
ͬ˻һʱ֮ҲһʶĲ˵нͨʿҪ߳һأŵġ
ŴսûмʱͨѶ豸ɱƴʱҲȥʲôϸָ˽˿жСǵˣʿǵʿָҲֻңЩרſĵСǰһĺ֮ˣ˧ɫĿھܴãרűϾ족ͬնǿԷһĴ󹦣Լҵ챻ȥ˭ġ
һ£ǸƺòУƽʱڽҲˣִоϾе˾ȻԴһ㣬ʮ꣬˵޶ڻū°ˣڻǸȵ塣
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ϦĹâһ˫۾⣬һùӣһ´е㷢ë
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ͬȥıӰеãȻȻͻȻѣոսʱǲǿҵݿֵúãӦøȥѽʲôӣ
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ÿ춼㵹ǶûôĶУ·ϼλὫʱȻϳ
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öĸҲһƽľշǱŷڳ˼ÿʳʱǶҪĵһ̤ʵ
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ʮַɵģ׼͵͵°ʱһִŮͻȻ˳ſڡ
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ǣֲ˸ʲôϵòԾץȫҲץϰɣ
½˸ӵĿ߳˳ö
Ǹ˾衢䱸ԼΡ
ҴС棿͵͵˺һ䡣
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һָ˵Ǹͽ㿴⡪
κҲȥ˱
𣿣
оýˡ
г˰ɣ


35 
½ʵõ߳ߣӲֻ̫ȺߵձߴЩ佫ãǱ߾˵мܸܴܵģҲ֪١ô൱ȳƵġ
˸ӣеӲˣȻƲϰ׺ףȷʵеݣϾһ·ܻ㼰ܳԱѧԣֵĳ˿ǡ
Ҫǰ㣬Ǹݸ߸㣬ֻǸ͡
佫Цؿһ潻ͷӶһ漷üŪۣκźȳɫķڻȥ콲кξϣ
վ˰죬Ӳ벻һ䲻ֶĻ
ѵ츳
(sF)sߩ
Сûʲô츳֮˵ֻͬ໥տֻȥˡ
κ¶һŻֻǺģΪβտЩ¹ף
ŶΪһ·ϣ˺ЩûиĸĺӶˡ
ʮҵվһ
κһ㣬һȻͻȻ۾Բ
϶ǺɫµȻһ·ˣ˭ѣ㲻ɫΪʲôǣ
С˲ɫ˵С˳ϲѸˮ⣬ǰʱϲԼԺĳıʲôζء
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˸ָףһ佫ͻȻһ֣
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Щʱ˵˸жԺר־ټһ
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һκĶͷ䣬ڱǼϣλƣƻͨƵʱһ֨֨ѽѽŹܲס⻺ᶨ顪
о֮䣬δܳ˽ܣκʲžƺ񣬶е
ҲûôһȺ佫Χſľһ
Ⱥ佫ԷȾ֮е
ȻΪ檴ܵķգʱڼһȺòŮôƺ־ֻʣ佫عͶֱ֮ࡣ
ΪϿ͵ҲȥͤԺȺ˼뿴׼ͷ
ȻΧһ̫ص佫ԼҲȱȻһ飬κ˺ȸҵطȥˡ
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ٿ⹭ƽƽ棬ʽȷʵãһ˿ĥ𲻼
Ҳǲֿȡ𣿡һ䡣
ǣƳһۣƽõĹ


36 
ȷƵ
Ӫܿһʯ߱ѡΪܿʯ߸ȡ
Щ佫Ϊ׳һġ
ԼҲƲ׳˶һּ츳ˡ
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е㲻̫ãϾҡ״Ƕ
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뵽۾΢΢ҲЩ
ô
ȻģԼֻ΢Ϊһ¡

Ǹһ˫۽УĴָңʳָѹ֮ų⼸ܿǿǰˡ
ı۰򲢲ȣʼ΢΢Ķͷһһεĺ飬ڳ˶óŹǵϣ
һֻʮİӲҪʯ߽֪ŭ۶ܴʯ׼ȴֻҪϢżĶܡȻڳ佫ǰһСܷĻᣬתδ֮ǰ㽫أ
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ĻҾÿԣڶ𣿡

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찡ʲôĳӵеĿְ
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ĸߴƤڣĬԣЦȾʱڸ΢㣬ھӪڴףīϸۣһ׮׮ʱ佫߳ʣվ峿ʱŸһħƵģҪǴԽִȥĸѧ̵Σʲôѧҳ̴Ⱦë
Сǰ񣬡߽СˣҪСͬʿ
˳һۣĽòϡ

ҹɱȽʱ׾·ѿˡ˳˵ЩʿѧᣬѧҲûʲôá
ʲôԴǽʼԷ˯ĽʹûԹðɣ
Ծֻ۾Ҫʱ˳ֿһۣ㲻ţ
ͬһУЩʲôУܿӶƬ̼伸ʿƺͳľϽ˸ķ
ȥȡ۽λ޶ԣʮ֣صؿ³һԣӪ񣿡


37 V
ʵ˵಻,ǵųɷ뻮һվǰȷѹȸеġ
ϰõĶ۽,˵ࡣ
ôǻƽӪ
һ󼴿ɡ
žеۣʵͦнûУǾһԡ
úУԼ,ܴܲһأ
ôеԥ,һ̨ס
ӽʱֳĶӳͻȻӶ졣
Щʿһһƻǰ,Уһ
ûô£һŵìֺȻԹǹ˹
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һӱǹʲô棿
ݣǹһĹ,ҲҪʧɫڵϴ˸,Ŷ㿪
ҪվʮѾ˹
һŵìֲδһɫԼгìͶǹһ,һͶ,һ˼ìǰ̣ͶֵĿյɵڶìֲ,ì,,شȥ
ֳŵأ˸ʯԾԶʱ뿪˵һŵĹΧ
л裬ʿǲδǰ׷Ͷ´ӱһһƣһֳ΢׹ǰ㣬ں˹ơ
䳡һҳ
ЩʿĬĬע
ûгЦҲûӣֻڵȴһ
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ɵûͷһ۸˳
ոս۴ǶӳеֻһֱŽ֣沼˰̡
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˳ıҲһ˲䷢һ
ڶǹ껮գ߶ˣ
ڰ޷ܣеĶ۽ȴߣ
˵λ̵λͦĺģ־ǲǹֻǳҲܸͷѣʱ㹤
ͷֻͷȴѽҪײϵһ̽ĳֹȥץסǸľ̵䣬ʹһǸƱקʱߵĳѴ½ǡ
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ǸȱѾ򿪣ֻҪǰһ½ģҲģޱȽýƵһµأŸոקǸƱһͬ׼Ʒʱڶŵĳìһһ޽ʳƴɽƣײ˹
軹ҪҪ
ʿܹǿ鳤ײʱѾݺݵļϣ
ӽʱѼڶŵʿ˳γϰõľͷ£
ͬΧʮʿǷͬʱʮֵֿ
Ҫģ˵󻰰Ҳġ
װɣ
̱ӵԽԽ٣ڴҶľľڴ棬ôҲѪ˭˭ͻԾ桤³ڳPVPPPPPP̱ӵ˲ζ⼸˶³ˡ
һŵڶŵìֿ³ʮ߼ʮеģǳƱ治֪ôˡ
Ʊͷһ㲻ܴ𣿣ʲôɱаĲõ𣿣
ô²һ㲻ĳƱ󣬼ǰҪǣЩƱ˴֮䰤úܽ϶ΧһԲȴһ·
ֻҪˣͻ̲סҪһ·
·ľͷȻǸ̨ϵĸ߽³ڣһ˿δ䣬ûֳЦһ̱
취
΢һ¡
һֻȻֽͽ͵ڳһֻȴһţë߬ģָһ࣬ǴţëϢָ仯Ϊһ̡
ǸʱǿİϷƽʱôһѶ۽ȥʮܣ̫ˡ
޷ҲҪƿƵİΧǰһ
ͣҲ˶ͷֳһ顣
תþȫýǰһ泤ʱΧӪʿȻԼͬܵǱ۽ϵĽ磡
սӲ˳ƣƱӲסһ泯ĵȥ
ڵǰһȻͻȻʲôԾĵط
ŵĳƱǼߣ̻Ӷ꪿Ⲣʲô
Ϊעķ֣ǰŶˣ˵ţЩʱδż׵ʿչ¶ǰԲſʼʿǶʮ
ЩʿֳƺͶ̱׷ǰսǰŵǿһ
ſʼһɼƱΣЩʿ϶˰̣ЩһЩԼʮң׳꣬ҲΪ׳˶
һ룬뽫Ҫʱսһꪹס·һϸƵVֹһӣ
һ˲оԼʧȥǣеĶ۽սȭͷǰȥҲΧľǸʿһȭ
һҽУȺʿмһ΢ɧҡ
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Ҷ浶ǹĻʴĲľǱĳì޿ɱʱҪˡ
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Զ˵ʰڣ֮ģսܾ֮ȵ˶ˣ
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Ҫһ֧أ
ǽ˳ġӪҲв֮ȻҲȫˡ
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˳һ˻ش𣬡ʶ𣿡
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˵Լͨʫ飬дѡ̵˵Լֻдɣ
̫ˡ
ʣպպīҪʱͻȻһǳҪ¡
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㡱÷ôд֪(sF)sߩ
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ˣԺÿӪî湦ʶ֣ʲôʱͨʫˣѧ١
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˳ˡ
⻹һο˳¶̱顣
һر𾪺顣
˼֮ſ˵
һ㷢
ǲݴʷ㲻֪𣿡


38 V
Ȼʶ,ȻĹٳṆ̀Ǹʯ,˵ȥ˭Ű
оԼɨأ˳ֲӣֻǿһ
˵Ǿ¡
˳ƺ˵ʲô,Ǳȥ,תͷһܣԸȥˡ
˳񲢲,ôˣάֻûģȥһ˾ͺܼ尾ΪӪѧϰۣ½Ҳûʲôλ˼ʰһλ
λСݸ۵Ĺ,ô˵ģʶ֣
ʶ֡
ʶ֣ȴд
ɡ
Ǻ,һ㽫һ飬ʶҡ
Ȼ̬һ,Ȼѧ,ҲͲˡϾѧ㡶ʫұҲûʲô԰ɣ
еڴشȻ󿴵дĶ
xӪx˫ꪱԴ󹷣ʮ,ӿ,ͥסַxxxxxxx,иĸ֡ɩޡһ߳磬һ̥ǡ
ʲôеͣûӦǲôˣ
ѾתԼİˣ⻰Ҳ̧ͷûҪ㳭
ѧʫѧ
̧ͷüëһԲ˫С۾ѧʫ
ܴһ𣿡ôһ䡣
вмش
ͳ£ĥīϰдֵСľ壬ͺëëʣΡΡд֡
Ȼֳ˵㣬ԼܿͻС
һ棬żһֻ·ĳӣż߿һֻʳĺӣżʹһʶƧ֡
ѧǿͨĲ²ʲôģͨѧȫûκܽò²ˡ
ΪʲôֵĶУԼǸӣʱ֮˿ʼ״̬Ѿãˡʲô񾭲Żַѧְ
˳ѲӪϣ￴һʱõ˽
ΪʲôҪѧ֣˳ôһ䡣
ΪСѧ
ѧʲôã

˳Ĭضе㲻ˡ
С˴кβף
ѧ˳˵Ϊ˽гһ̡ܹ
˼άԾһ㣬ϡ
㲻ҪЩ֣дЩ֣Ҫסÿһ˵֡
˳֣ҪԼ
ϦӪʿǽһĲڿֵŶ׼Է
㣬ǵеһԱΪʲôĽս˳ʵһϵ֣ǵļݣɱйʱһĸ޶ŴεĽһ֪ݼᣬں޶ֶĽ
ԶԶȥӪһƬ̻˶ԽƷͷ㣬óԼ⵱ӲͣǮһ㣬еĺƤһ顣
ȻʿͬҲˣҲϲŭ֣Ҳʻ
ĬעһȻԼеˡ
С˼ˡе㲻ģҵʲôС˻ܷ𣿡
˳Ȼ˼һ¡
Ȼ˵ͷܷ
绨Ц̻ûȫʱ򣬸˳Ѻ仰˵ˡ
ͬʿһԡ
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ȻۣôҲع־ֳĶʯۣԴҲͰˣ˲ʳζ׷ܳԱҲУΪɶҪʿǵгԣǵķԣ
ʮΪһţ߽ʿм䣬ҽͷӶ˽ָָ㣬ٺһΧоֱεҪˡ
ԼѡҪͬһһԷ
ҲвУųһ䡣
ҪͳԣٰһŽ̵ͬԼǰɣԴ󹷣һóһλ
Ե
ȺְҵƽʱĴ󣬷ˮ٣˳Եر࣬һʮ˳ԲƤڶ֪Сһַԣҿ͸ˡ
ҵĹȹ⻷ûϵɣ
ȷҲûϵбȽϹذοһ䣬ʵûʲô塣
ﳤ֪﷭һľ룬һľףΡΡؽ׼ʱһԲδ뿪Ĵַˡ
Ӫнֹ˽λ½ɾյģθɤţһ䣬½ɾһԷһı価ǰսֻ׼ȺŹ
ķ룬ҵذˡ
ȴɣٳԣ˵ʡðѷŪˡ
λ߳磬һ̥ǣжԴ󹷴վһ㵹֪֪֮ܳԽȥٶʱ³
Ŷˡ
ʿȣٿΧԽԽ౧ŷֵΧʿһ룬һȦһȦؽԼ˫ϲŵĲж
Ⱥˣ
˸ȭף˵¸ˡ
Ⱥַ˽ͷӶָָ㡣
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ȷʵˡ
иҪҪ뵢󹤷
Ͻģ˵Ҷˡ
Դ󹷵ȭͷŻȻ͵ػ˹
ҽţȥΧ۵ʿһƬ
ˣͬʿְ˽ŷԴ󹷣һ
ǰ˶ʵûеܶʱ䣬صӰ顣
ΪиǣûС
ȵһʮʿŹһ٣ֹˮʼԷʱĲ;߼ֱǸȷһڳĹŶһ㡣
⻹ô԰˵ˮ𣿡
϶ٶҵʵʿǲ̫Ѻõؿƺ˭Ҳ˵ǻﳤԴ󹷾ְػһ䡣
Լ䲻
䣿
ԴǸѾ̫ɫ½󣬲˲롣
ٽǰľףһѾ乵Ҹ£˲䡣
룬һʱ˵оԼˡ
˷ɿʢ˷Ҩ˲ˣһ߾ضһ߷ɿس
ҲǸԴ󹷣ҲԵú㡣
ʲǿȻꤵǰ󱳣Ӳûгȥ
ǻȥԼɣȻûʣʣˣ֪СﲻԶǼҿĶһݷͿˡ
ôɣһ죬ǶԼһɡ
ٳӪشʱż°ؼҵĹܣ´ۡ
ɾˣпŮ첹
ŮûУھУھӶǹѸһ룬ҡҡͷ
δ䣬һĳ
ָָӪһСľǱ฾ˣѰ


39 V
˳ľӪֻʿ,һͷˡ
ۣ򣬽,ææµµЩ˵һǲˣһ·˵ա
뵱ȻΪӪЩСľסҲ
иڴأ
Щʿ䲢޼ҾڴˣЩ÷첹ϴ̵˱㽫ｻЩȥ
Ź˵·߹ȥ,Ȼиʮĸ˴˳,һ¶׵ɫɾҪ첹
ǵ,ǡģһ䡣
Ǯ
Ǯɡ
ô˵ģŤŤĻǰϵV˹ȥ
ÿЩʿ첹ϴ£׬õ𣿡
㺮䣬˸˱ֱǰƲϯ,Ա֧һڹһЩСﰾʲôһζ㴫˳
ȴ첹ϴ,ɾԲӪзʳ˼ҲЩɳԡһ߷ߣһЦض˵,˵ȳзǰ㾫,Ҳܵ˶Ƕ
ãʵǮ
һݶ,ʮǮ,ҼҵĶ,ζġ
Ծľ룬ף׷Ͻ׶˳ζȷʵУһ߳ݷһ߿ʼ۲ССﻧ
½½ҲʿӪЩЩ˱ӹϴ첹ЩƺҲǳʳģ⴮ҲУ̲ҲСЩ붼߽еĽףеʿͬ˴˼䣬һͬӡ
е㲻Ծ
ļҾ𣿡ָָ
첹ߵĸ̧ͷһۣЩмҾ죬ڳУڴأ
Ǿ͸Ծˡ
ƺɫ죬ЦЦЩ˶ǹѸǸʿԸ÷ޣȻҲԸġ
ҲиСһõľ棬֪ࡣ
ɾţӪб䡣
ͷҲۣæˡ
ԭˣͷҧߣϴ
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ȡ
Ȼ긾˳ü۱չʮֿĵӦţҼҵ·ϴ첹ʮСģɾļɡ
ȻոĳһܹĻ˵Щ˶ǹѸأȻзôƣ
ϴ¸һڹʿḾˣľ̾һ
ɾٹ࣬Ҫѩ˰
֪еĶǺģ֪֪ɶȹ졣
Щδأм׶֮أҪ뷽跨ĶڻɲݣӹԼҵһжҪǮġ
ʵֻǺܼ򵥵һ£˭ѡ
ڶ쿪ʼÿ춼ڱӪȹ
ÿ쳭ʿ˳żһ¡
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ÿ춼һģ벻ԷֱӻȥҲɡҪԼ룬ӣʿǵĶм䡣
һ˫˫ߵ۾ŭԣĶžˡ
ҳԵúٵġ˵
һ£һʮ߰µǷִǣ
򻹲𣿡
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С˲Է
ܱʼĸ˳ͷû̧ɡ
ʵͦʸ˳ǲǸìܣԲôʰôССۣʹǹȵҲ֪ʷ϶Ǳƽͽķȥġ
ˣɷΪС˽󣿡СʵСÿʿǵۣʵǰסˡ
˳ڷ±ʣ̧ͷһۡ
һԵķ
ûע⡣
˳ضһͬ˷ȭգȴԾɼǲǵ
ÿһΣʲôϲãʲôʲôȱ㣬㶼֪𣿡
Ѿ𽥿ʼ׸˳⣬Ӳһ䡣
С˲ȥԷ𣿡
Ӫǧˣûȱһ뷹ĵز˳ն˵ˣΪ佫츳ƷУͤϰɽţڴ֮ǰһʿ䣡
½Ҳ߳Ӫġ
ȡ·ǮҪߵŴʱһԺ
ãʿȴͣߡ
ѽ½͵ܣκһϲô˳ĥˣ
ô˵ǡ
˵䡯˸ĺκֵ£ܸͬȥʶһ˰ɣ
Ǳ̵ѵתеԵʣκôϴקͰקȥˡ
ãҺôʲôҵֻһҸߵƷ
ʯשøɸɾǽϻɢζƷǰװ޵ģòŮǶЦط¡
͵ʲôκˬһţмõڣ֮
볢һи⡣
ǳѧٲҲ֪뺣ǧԵʲôأ
˻ǿѸ㡣
Ȼ˵ζԵˮаȫġ
ʮֽؿκãԼԱ߽ſ
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ҹɫ٣Ʒʳ˼ҲڳԺʱԵʦֹģλ˵ؽĺ̤ˡ
źȹɴϴ˸ɵߣʼתԾҪ˵ӣһϮϸ֫ȹǵκԱ߼ÿҪˡ
ⲻǾƷ𡭡С죬ɶð
͵֪ܲɣÿϣīѡһλԸǧߣ乲ҹ
ס
һ·ǮϴһǮ򲹶ǮһٷһʮǮһСӾ˵ʮǮԶٷǧǮͬò׽һΡ
мѾǵ˾Ǯκվ߰ɡ
˵λκر򵥣ո֮߳ƺһø
֮ʱʮֳϿҵѯ
ҹ͵ɫڸ˳Ӫдò죬βҵӪУÿͬþƸ̨ȡ֣
ҹɫͣһͣûô룬ͻش
κģˣЦ˵߽࣬ڣκβ졣
⻰˵΢е硣
Ϊ˳ӪеЩʿǴ۵С۵ʮ֮˱仯
һ߽ʿмʱ˽
ǲƥѡһ
һ
Ѻһ
ʲô˼
ŷ룬ĺɵƺһ׼ʢʱΧʿǿʼһ΢ɧ
ӮӮˣ
ǮʮǮ
Ҷ϶ȥһ
ָָæǮĻﳤȥһԷ¿ע𣿡
ǣΪʲôû˸ҲûǮ


40 
еĿ̫,ﳤ࿴һۣȻСĵذǮպãŴչ
׬Ǯ𣿡
ԥصͷ
һҼװһ,Ǯôﳤڴش֣ҪǿԴĻٸǮ
ҭ˵,һſ,ҸʮǮȻ󱩴һ,ͬ𣿡
ﳤǰһɰҪҲҪǣػǮãɵӲŲã
̫ɱˣ˵Ĺأ
ھӪ˰µļܣ˼ǿ׳,ֵĻе㲻ԾԾ֮⣬󲿷ʿѾƽ״̬,ʱͷ׵״
һôɵǸʮſ㣬ٱЩ,Գ,ؼҲȢϱôɡȻϣ⺢ӱҷЦһ٣Ҳȷû˼ִ,˼˼һžˡ
Ȼͷ׵ص˾ԽԽˡ
ȻżҲдڡ͡׵ء֮,,׼ͽĽʱһʿյߣ㰡
㡣
࣬˵ֵģ
ģ˵Ҳ˵ֻܺһ㣬ġ
ҲţǸʿƲƲ죬ÿǣǵķǶԼ˵˵߲ߡ
ﺬһ׷ȥҲԾ³ҲԾװﻹǲԾֻܼѵһڽ˳ȥ
ôͲˣ˵Ҳû˵Ҫѧ
˵ˣʿһţ̣̽
ŷ˼ͳˣٿԼʣµ뷹Ȼеһθۡ
˳˵ʿѧˣѧҲûʲôãʲô˼
ӾӽǶ˵˳ӪǳģʿǶԣҪ鲻ǲɱƴͲҡ
ͲңͲַȱڣ˺ȱڣԷԵľʼн֯ıţÿһ˶űս־ÿһ˶ԼͬۻΪԮ֣ĵǼ᲻ɴݵġ
ʱͺָ᲻ɴݣʱҲˣ˳ʤʤ׷ֻȴ²ǧˣнֹǲףȻʲô񶷸ң˵ʹָʲôҪ
ʿʱһϷôͬ½˵һŵĵһʿԵڶʿŶ佲һڶʿδȥһʱͻĿȫǣ򵥵Ļˡ
أеûס
һ򵥲Ļ˳ĴȥսʱҪЩʿͳ˧´ÿһأ䳡ģһ£ڻսһ£Щ𣿡
ҲǱ̵ѵһ졣
Ӹ˽Ƕ˵ֱҲ޷ѧϰġ
忴ʮݣ˿ûмģ
һȭžǸԲħɽѡ֡
Ȼħɽûݣȷ޽ġ
Ҳ˵ܽһԡ
˷룬һȭ
ʿҲû룬һȭ
е㿪֮ȥ뻹֣ٿ

ȭ̫˵Ǹڵϴүѧȭ𣿡
˽ѧˮƽô˵Ĺһһĺá
ʿĺóض۾Ҳ죬ÿһȭҧгݵζ
һȭʱ׼һ˹ȥ
ܵʱҪŭΪŭûǵģûǾû·ҲңҲ˵Ȼô˵ҲģʧȥʱҲܻ
ѧĵùſڵһʱûͬʿͷɥ
ԡ˶٣ͻȻΧʲôʲôÿģ
Χһ߰
ҿˣΪܴһȭ
˶ʮǮ
ոձߵˣ
ǲġˣ
û±ġҪҪЬҪأ
ʿԾԾԵˡ
𣿡ҲܽסӣȽŲģǴ˶˵ĸʱ
˭ģ᲻˵
ͷǾ԰ɡ

ô˵û̳ԳҲǳʱȱɵİɣ
ò쵽Ե㡣
һְ˽ĵڶѧ½һ¡
ȽţǺģ
кҭһ£Ȼٴһ䡣
ƾӰ
Զĸ̨ϣ˳ףۣԶԶؿӪһƬ־
½ɾദˡԽһ䡣
ĸߴĽ΢΢ü

һ֣㹻
ܸһʱգ֪˳˼ܣΪǽʹˣҲûʲô
Ƕͤ֮ˣעҪΪͤŵģΪΡ㹻أ
ʲô
֮ȴù˳˵㣬ұˣʲô
ƣߣǡšʡ¡Ҳдʡ
֪ܲƵĲ²⣬˳̾һ
ΪΪ䣬ΪΪ˧ҪĶҳϡ
Զ޹ꡰ𲯲ܶģɫ־Ʒи߽֮ˣȷܿɹܵһƬҳϣԸЧԶͤаһ
δڱ¶˵򣬶ͤҲδ磬ȻؽӪⷬ¾ͺܲ׵ˡ
Ȼͤ±Ͳǡ׵¡
Գ߱ڶ׿Ĺƻɱ˶أ
֮߱ˣңܿڣĵ
Զ뷨Ϊһ£ֻܼϣ½벢ཻվãȻģʱ¡
ڴ֮ǰֻϣʱĪʲôʡ˳ǵ룬һվǵĶ棬Ҳ൱µĵˡ
˳ӵ˼½벻ġ
ʿǽտʼȥһԣ˼Ҷֻ۾ŭŭԵķḻ飻
ȥһԣӪʿʮԶעһоĹɣϲ˭Է˭Է˴ڡ½Էж·֮ҵĵá
ŷ߽ӪʱѾ˿ʼˣǲǰ¶ûһ
㿴ǲǰˣ
ٶľ͹ƨɰ㴩Դ󹷵Ŀӣϵõģ
ŰѿأҵĿȥ˼ҷ첹ˣ
Ҳô˵
ǰҲǣ
ٷϻĳ׵ʿܹһڴǻԷ
ǶM𣿡е㱣ежұñǰϲˣ


41 
ô˵,ͬ˳ӪʿǽҲĵˡ
벢ݲرԶҲһǧضѡ
˶Щʿ˵һʮֲ,ЩǮҲҪĵ
޶СǷзԣ´ĵһ£Ͼẉ̂ΨһһҲǸ׬Ǯ
,Ϊʲôֽر𲻸ɾ,Ͱܻ
û취һʵļ۸񣬶ʿְҵʱ׼,޵ﾡӶȡ޵ĲƸжϰߡ
ЩǮΪҼȥ㲻ˣϺöӡɷ򡢺øף־ͻˣֻҪý,ȥģȥΣȥԴ,ࡣ
վӪеĹ˵սԽãԽѪ,Խп,Խ
ֱ󳹵׸ıǵԣЩʿҰɱ˻
Ľ⣬ȻЩɱð,Ѿ߱顱ˡ
˳Ӫ,ʿʢ,ǱȽ˵ģЩʿǸδ/ɥż/ѻֿա
δ/ɥż/ıȽϼ򵥣Ҳ֪ʲôʱܻزݣزݵĻǲǿȢϱʲôʱǷذûҲûзôȢϱ˭Һùܿң
ѻıȽϸӣϱڼôˣʲôʱܻزݣʲôʱ飿ܲ٣һؼҿϱ˵ڻиûؼңд˵ϱ˸ֶӣ˵Ǹػǲأ
ôӵ⣬𲻳
ؼʱɫѾˣҴˮѱϣҲûĵˣڼæһƬ̻żܴһƷζ˲²ļҸĺա
ϴһ˼ɾ·ĥŻҲӪϴ¸ȥϴأԼڼڷһ£ʡǮأ
ԺźȻˡ
ſվŸִʮĺӣϸʮ룬ûаţʮֿһ
߶½ɾˡ
ҲǲݻһⲻǸ˭ţκǸݱûˡ
˲Ժ˽Ժ֮󣬲ߣֻվſڣенشһ֡
ֺҮ
°¿࣬ҾѣҵͬӲ¶һЦݣڱ¸ɾ壬һ·ʱʱշڣڣʱԱƣɾ
ϲƳˣ
ϲѽæ˵ʱǱصģ˵ˣûкõģ
죬
ʱôݻķǮ
ڰ֣Ҫ֮ʲôҪæģǣ
еϻ̳ϿֵչˣˣɾҰЪ¸ˣ
ƺظıӰܾеֵֹġ
оʲô쳣𣿡˺һ䡣
ҾΨһ㡣нػش

صʡǼǮԼָ·ϴˡ
ɫδȫſˮͰȥˮʱһھӳˡ
ѽ½ɾô˼ˮ̴һͬҪ˰
֪ҷոҲ֪ͨˡľͰе㲻֪룬һֱδĻҸ͵ʲô𣿡
̺ҭһ£ƳһۣҴææعԺš
ڴˮ·ϡ
ڶԺֿˣ̽˸ͷ
½ɾȥˮ
ѽͣ˽ŲһЦ׼ͽַļʱԷʮֹŹֵ´һ
ͬҪˣ֪
ô£
֪˵һģǳﱸҪʰ·ʲôҪ𣿡
ǵڶַҲҭһ£ԺǰǼһ仰ɾǻ
ͰˮȵؼУһ·ϺüھҪôԺ͵͵һۣҪôǽ͵͵һۡ
ʲô󲡰
ͺڴɶƵġ
صУˮͰĴѰľʱ˷ˡ
վһߣ½ɾͬҪˣ
סڣ˵϶ôˡ
ˣµôûĸεİ
ûɵĸоһ󾪿֣ڴͬʱȺھǶڴɶ
ôûĸˣ˵˼СˣʲôϵȻȥ˵
ֻ۾ҹɫйԽԽģԽԽԾһǸԴըĵڣ
ȥˣңұȥʲôá
ʲôأ
Ĭص˵ǷߡˡʹֱҲҪһˡ
Ӧʲôο̫ˣ롣
Ҫ˵м·Ҫϴһϴһ˵ô
ɾ֪µͬľͬǲϵģ
ʲô֪ıҪ
Σ
˽ü֮Ҳ
ǣףС˶ǵҪǼƷɿӣһʲôԾ𣿡
ˣ·ǰԺϣ顪һ۹Ǻ
ȫʲô󲡡пһ䡣
ڰ·ϴˣ̫ҲɽˣϵûţͺΡ
쵽²أ·ǹԺﻹǹûжӣôӣ
ɾվԺУʲôأ
üվҹɫУǽͷЦӯӯ
üѽüûС㣬ǿű񾭲ַǸе㷳Ҳ·ء
檼еͱɾ·ù
ʱݵػصʱǫ¼һͬȥСк񣬸ݻпɽʶ֣Ѿƣ˯ˡ
ͬأҿѾȥˣ
üһµоƽҲûʰȻסҵӣҵæµء
ȷǵʰաȻԼû飬ǰͬѧʰ·йεģ嵥ɨ·Ҫ鷳ж鷳
ü￴һۣȡľȥһ·ݹոȥѰɾ˵ˣ
ͬҲĵģе벻ƽ˵Щͺˡ
üֿһۣᵽˡ
պе㲻Ծ
ʱƷüǸʮٸƽʱװһװҲã˾ƹʱ۾Ҳ֡
ûסԲһüĳ档
üͬƽЩʲôæȰҶ֪ԣΪͬһĺ£û˽ĵġ
µҲ˵üһָ˵ϵ·عͷ
ʲôˣ֪ûһĺ֪ɣ(㧥㣻ԣա)


42 
ǽʳ,ġ
ҹǻ˽䣬һ껪͵ıʱʱ̶̿ҪƽճԺ޲ġ
˵μ׼ѩ,⣬Сţԡò
һ·ĵѾü࣬Ŷʮ,δʮ,ҹĲüۼһƬƣ˵,޷һ׷
Ǹڵˣ½룬ǸʮҪǿˡ
ãģֻӦ,վȫֻܵá
⻰ε˵Ҳס
ɾ治,ǲԸأüתͷһ˫۾ڵƻ˸˸⣬,ҪһС˵Щ
ǲھӼҵ·ô죡Ҫ·
ü°,ƣǽˣұ˵,ɾһ,δ˵ʲôԼ,ұЩ
Ͻ취˵ʲôʲôｹ£Ĭүأ
˵ҵȷóһЩ˼ʹϵϵìܣһķʽǿӲһķʽ˵һŮ˸ɵһŮ£һûɹ
üǰһɾģ
˭ɱˣ˵ڣ
ע⣬ѵĻƭҪԼֵģҲ˵ѡ
·Ҫ˲
ô˵춼ðѻ˵ˡ
ǸŮˡпһϵӦʵһԲôףٲôüﱩߵɡ
ʵҲǸˣҧоԼÿһֶԼۣ߳ܲһһ˵ҴСûǸ˭ҲȢģô˵𣿡
üĬض
ŷİǫһֵض
һϡ
Ҳ֪⵽˭ڷɣҲͦ޵ġ
¿𣿡Сһ䡣
üڵӰ΢΢סҲʲô飬ֻһֻ֣˻ӣʾˡ
ٳǰֻͷһ䣬㣬ȡ·
ֺֻȻ߬һȭͷ
ɱ𣿡еһ˿֣߶үأ
ӻͦƽģûг
Ҽͬʱ׷׹ϲͬЦҲһһˡ
ǿ½ɾʱƺһ㲻ڣҲ󷽷ؿ˵ûʲôܹ鷢
˵ʵ쵽ڴɶȻʱ⣬һҲͽ³ˡ
ɴ˿ɼĳԱˡ
óգ´󼪡
λɺͬȻƽգȴʮϸĵѡ˻Ƶգַھһһ֪ͨˣһ񣬹ģǱȲЩҹȢŮӶԣѾѵõĴϲ¡ȱʲôҶܼؽǡ
Ǵ㲻̫ôʱڴѾϷɵòˣʲô׵֣Ҳ㡣
ȥֻ׶Ҳģ
ʮ·̣ҷ˻һæһӡ
ӽֵɱȫһո筺ȹͷһСС飬񣬹ԡ
ÿпһ䣬ԺлҲҪô硣
ÿϧ鰵ͶҲпһ䡣
ô˵ǣ˼Ҳ鰵ͶˡƳһۡ
ΪҲͰˣҪҲüɾǡ
ǾƲɵġ
ɼȻҲֻһСԺӣЩʰøɸɾשᣬţƷţϲ󣬽Ųڴŵɣζо
ȺôΧҲûΧʱ򣬺ͻȻ˵ˡ
һԤС
ʲôԤУ
֪ڴʲô𣿡

ûĻ˾ٴһԪ˹Ҳ١ʱͻȻһԶ͵ſڣһͷڣŽۣ峤٣ŭ壬һѾ;סǰ½
ƥ򣡡κƿڴôĵӣҼ½͵ܰĽ֮Ҳʹֶȥ
ʱһ˲ֹͣˡ
Ĵҵط죬Χ˲ճ˷Բһɵľ롣
˶ھֵؿ
Ҳڿ
Ҳڿ
Ŀ۸ӣ޽֯ڣ
Ҿ֪Ҫ
㰮ΪʲôΪʲôҪ飡
У
̫̼ˣ
ֲУԭôһ֣
Ҵȫһط𣿡ʶԼѾҪʲô̻Ȼʵ취
ͻȻҲҪһˣҵĻһ㽨ġ
ɶ˿ͣ
ţƽʱҾĪа㲻һ𣿡
Ȳ˵Ҵĸ㣬㲻ϱ𣿣
԰ҵȾ飬صĸ⣬߱˵İ£ô飬ͦζģڿҴˣҪ֣ȫа
оһ⵽ػ֮ʱκɤ
ҽվҪʶʶҵȭͷӲԴӲ


ȭͷǰڻסλӾ͸ҳżΪĺúκγ԰
һ·ǧ࣬С֪ܲ⣡
κɤűʹʱŭDEBUFFֱָһķֱƵģһӵ˶ˣٽӵҲˣ
κ˭˵ģʹ˵Ҵͬãаԣ¾
κ۾ˣʹļס
Ҳҷ˵ֵ𣿣
Դȥ궬ǣǹΣûһʵġ
˿ȻʵκһΡֻҪܸϽ죬սҲ̶õֳ
ؼʱ̣һɱһ˻ſվס˽š
ںʲôأɳһҵȻظ£ƬҲ飡
κǸͻȻתΪɻ󣬡£
ɲֻǿһۣ΢΢ЦһЦжȥ
ƽƽԲԲˣûҲû˰򣬿ϲɺء
ֻǴ׼Էʱƣ½ɾڳ£뿪ˣûԱϲƣôҺź
뿪ɵլۡʱɫѾԵĻѽҹ
ĶƮϡ
ȥȻµһѩ
Ƭ̱һѩϯ϶Ĵ󺺶ǡ
Ķˡ


43 
ⳡѩʱʱ,˺ܾãһӱúˮҲ˳ࡣ
ľˮҲǵرˮ,˺׽ƽʱҪøӸסƲϯסȻҪб֮͸Ծˡ
Ȼ˭ҲûǸֱ,ˮ̺ӡ
ϯ͵˼,¾ˮĳƢ̫õİվھƿڴһ١
ʲôأҲˮ޾,Ҳδؾϵ͵ߵģ⼷ôˣͷҪһϯ˶ȥˡ
˵ŭȥˮô
һͺ,ҲһҪˮг
û˯ѵ½㱻Ժţʵô¡
ƮǵСѩ̫û,һţѩ޼ɵԼ
ʺãҲöҼ·,,ûްëձĿԴëձûëձĶ㲼,ô߶µسš
׼ˮĽַھ,ʱŲҽ,ʱҽŲţһľϲ
½ɾˣ
Եطڴʣˮˣ
ԭΧ˲ϯģһͲˣ
ɥ˵Уһֵˣˮѽ
Χ۷׷ףԼҪɵɶ
ˮʵ뾮Ҳ׶ࡣμˮӣ²ȱˮŵǲôˮȱǾˮױȾҲ׶ᡣ
Ȼһ¾ֱһ׶ңǺʩչ
ڣʯͷɣʮֲִڣǵǶ죬ûֻ̦һ
ȥ
ɾӣ
ھ߰ţ±ˮŽŵӣûˡ
һ¾ڣȷ˴ֲڶ֮ͻȻһôȥˣھһƬ
ΪˮȾԵʣ˶Ҳһߣ˺гһ֮󣬽µıӦ飬¶ˮ档
ɾСġͷŮӵľŵ׼սһֲûȾڣȥϴˮ衣
ͬķھߣ̽˽ȥһ
ڲĲڡ
ָ̽ץס˾ڣ½һȥһʱ뻹һ䡣
ͬӣ·̽ôСЩ
תְٸͻȻһ£ϰ˻ȥʱ򣬼ѾŸͰվһ߸ַˡ
켼ҲеС⡣
ôˮأ
Ӫ£ȥˡͬĵǺܵ⼸Ҫء
Ҳܳŵģ
˭֪ǵˣǹô˵Ǳôǡ
Щ֮Ҳǿ޵˹»ûҪȥ磬ӿôأ
֪ô죬Ҳûǽǵİãܱ𣿣
ʱڳ
ݱڳݵͣһʱҲҪǰߡ
ضսʵܿǣ֪Ƕ̫ܴ򣬻̫ܴ֮ԬԬֵܵĻڱ˺һ룬ֵһƱһ굽ͷӲûƽսߡ
ھ˵콵ˣöӣԵǲ׼ӭС
˳ӪҲһƬæµеĵҪűװߣձҪկ̡
Ľڹ۶ϣǸ˳Ҳû˼ʲôСã﹦ܴ֣ϽؼԳԱǡ
˸Ⱦ¯ںԸ
߲˱ȽϹ󣬵˰ĢײԼҶڵģǮӺţ
˰ֻר־ŵʱ⴫죬ſڱͣ
ƽ޵ľûʱŵˣԼϷĿˡ
վſڣûżףͷڣֱգ峤žƺϻ˸Цеվſڡ
͵ܹȻڼҡ
ǰɰͰ͵˵˭ûеأ
ɺҭһ£ЦС
ҹ£Ѱ͵ܺȾơ
Ȼе㲻Ըó˰λš
͵ѱ¾ƲˣпͲɣ
ûУԼڼ΢һ¶ѡҲû˵Ĳ
ԭˡȥ¯Ѱ̾ʱ䲻ֱĳһ䣬͵εþȷʵסģ
ʱѵв𣿡
רעضĻʱʱ𣬡ʮѴӾж֮ʱ
ΪΣʮôص𣿡
ҳţΪ߻࣬겻ʱܳɱԲʤʮ߱ȱȽǣǶһˡ
ǰɸģʱ֮㱻ţ
ΪһյƣӢ۳ֲ꣬ܽҵ
һյƣЦһ£һƬİˡ
ݵ䳡Ͳ˳Էġ
ˣͻȻðֻĸģرʣ
׼ȥҨʱ򣬿ɶ

ɻյƣ͵ܲ𣿡
ЦˣеεظԼҲһյƣӹƧʱʱֵЦ
꽫۾䣬˰յ֮󣬿ʵ˵һδ͵ܴκֹ͵ˣ
Σεü춼ţż˶ߡʹⲻ˽ϵ档
оҪ߿ĵطʵ̫ˣö滹һžϣֲסɣԳԺȺȲ֪䣬Ƶľͱɡ
ȵúе࣬Դеأҡһ֮ȷʵˡ
治֪ôģûҪȢӣ߿ҲûֹḡϷĸСӣôͰЩ°ҵͷأ
͵ƷУֵ֮öͤأȷʵ㶩»£յеľƸˣָǲһʱ񲻱ˣ
һҸꣿһ䡣

ոǲ˵ˣ侲
֧һҹˣ·лѩС
˰ƣɫһ㶼û꽫ͻȻƵģѽոùʱģѹˣ
ɣɿ
Ҳû£˵·Զǲ˿Ŀᣬͽȥǡ
ǶԱֱüëʼ͵ܼŮ죬һҹˣԴ䵭
侲侲ô˵
ҵмªֻһ齡ǲԸ˯ϵģ˼һλã׼ҲߵĽ˯ҲܲԾ
ʲôϵʮȻ˵͵ܵ߱ǡ
ѾȫˣҺ˺ܾãֻХֱײʱʱһ¸Ŵļ̶ȡ
һ̿յƺ˰ϻ΢΢Ĺš
̿Ⱦ¯ֻһյ͵ơ
ʱ򣬴ûģƺȵͲԾ˼άɢһ£žյ
͵ܣɵĿҲ˹ȥڿʲôأ
ڿǰյоơ˵


44 
ֻһŵ,滹ܰˮ
Ϊġߡ˸һͷ˯һ࣬ʱͬĳЩ̸Ѿﵽ޷ĳ̶ȡ
˵инŵˣԼܹܵϵرãõûʱ˯һ,˻˻Ҫ˯һ,,ֵ˼һѰ,𡣼Ȣޣֵܱ,ϵõ˵ҡ
˵̸˵񾭲
ֻһͷϻ,ΪʲôҪͷ
˯˯ͷν,ø첲һ¾Ϳ,ܲȻ˵ȥðɡ
һͷ͹ðһ߽⿪,һߺȻ˵,ƽפر߳ʱ,ĸһͷ˯Ҳ㡣
,ʼ·,о̬
꽫֪Լ˴ˡ̬tag,һֱգһ߻תͷ,͵Ϊβ£
ϲ¶˯˵
˼
Ʋ˳,˸,ֹţЩˮϴϴˢˢָ̿˵̿ů͵㣻ŷ첻ܹ̫ϣֹһ̼жȫҪ
һµϺǲĶ͵æʲôأ
ԼڼסܵϸЩеԥתתȦ뵽һڣǸ̫ªˣƥܲʵȥӹһ¡
Ű쿴ͦӢͻȻ¶еаȿ顣
͵Ϊ̬ҮЦ꣬ҲδҪ˰ɣ

˯棬˯棬͵ƴˣֻ̰ʣ̿һ谵ĺ⡣
˯ûʲôʮƽҲ֪ǲû˯š
ϺƣʵˣƤƤǿ־
е㲻ұۣ룬úС
˵Ҫʲôȣܽ𣿡
ʲô
˵Ļʲôġ
˵ɶ˹Ҫҹ˯ʧȥʶʱıɱ㣿еȵ𣬡û⣬֪Ϊ˶ġ
ǡ
ʲô
㿴ұϾǸŮε˵ûһȡ⣬ҵкأ
гĬһ
а˵ָһ£ʲôΪʱᱻ϶ΪĻ죿
ھͿҪԴԴˣΪ綨е鷳
Ծתͷȥʱɵ۾Ҳתˡ
ҹڰ׷ֻ۾Ź⣬һ
͵ܹȻҲû˯һⶼûУ»ͦߣҹѵã糤̸Ԕ⣬͵Σ
Σ˯
ҪĻĻҲʡˣֱӸȥ
һҲûжֶŵ򣬾²ֹôͺܿɺˡ
͵漮δ
û漮һ䣬񡣡
ɳĬһ
Сˣ
ţСˡ
͵ҡ

ֹ֮͵ܲƳ΢֮ˡ
ΪΣ
פʱҳ벼ཻ΢ߣ뿴ؽ𲯲˷Ʒͼױʳ֮࣬νʵ֪ڣʳ֪衯ʵ֮ˣ޷ԣ´ƷУ
Ҳǰ
һ·ϣ˽࣬Ψ͵壬ͬɺܿ϶˵͵ܾǺӣ
ԲЩʲô˲õĶ
ȹƵԽԽѣıģѩ֮ǰɹװë̺ůůͺͣ
ôһøɺŸǣǡ˹ˡ
鲢ûгܾãɻͼͬ죬Ѿûס˯⣬˸˯֮С
һˣĬںҹﶢŹλѡ
壬һҳ
ѷϣ棬Żֳ֮ʿ
½֪Ϥġ
ʱݱض֮ƽɣ˭ʤ˭ҽɽΣӡ
һգЩݽҲòǳ·ǡ
Щ˼ͷȥʱֿѾ˯Ǹꡣ
ϲչ˽ַھӣʧɷĹѸΪȴ˵Լϲأ
ֲ
Ǳڵѵġ
ʮּǿ塣
ܾ˶ٿʹ͸𣬶ӱ߳ᶨء¸ҵء
찡ҼѾˣΪʲôެϻᱬըأͦԵ
ӴͷͷƤͻȻըһ£
ԻŸˣ
Ȼ޵ɣоǺܲԾ
ɻں˯δѡ
ŵѣƵô˸顣
̿һֻձǽϣר־һڵڳɶ
ϣެϵĿ㴫ˡ
ⲻ֪ܵӣ

Ȼɵձʮ־ţĸף
˶ҪƱ磡
ĸףӿԽ͵ģӵ治޳֮ͽ
ͷˮ˼òȥȰʱȻһԡ
ϵѾˣ鸴ӵض
Ǻջձеε˵ĸģ
ˣ͵ܺβڱȥأ
һ֪ʲôʲôˣóóȻݷãΰ
ֻ£űӵ۾濴е㲻ڡ
Ҫ˭ڵŰݷãҲǺεģ룬ȷʵ׵ġ
ܿͲԥҪҪŰݷˣΪ½½гˮĽַΧެϼſڣ˵ʱû˺˼ҵţõ½ˡ
ʱ̽̽ͷ
½ɾҲпͣ
Ӳתͷһ㴰ﴩ·Ӱɼ
˰ɡ˵

û£˵ǾӪеĺѣҹͬҺȾơ˵磬㾿к£
ӹԺôɣĲ˻㲻ȥȰȰ¼ɩӣ
øԻˣ£
ʵҲ⺢ȷв
⼸첻ͣѩҼһҪЩľ̿Ҳȥˡ
ȻûһʮһС
Ȼһѩȥ㽩һҲʲô¡
Ůĸ׼ԳڶģԼŮΪΪ檡ΪūΪ澶ҪֻҪסзԱãһ·ʲôǿ
Ҳ֪֮ģ֮ǰСؼУȴֲͬĸ׽ެϲգƣιʳ˯ˣ˯֮ӴԺ⽫Сӻؼе£һŲ֪
¶ôסأެһ𴲣С̾ըˡ
ʱǱެϵɤŸˡ
̽ͻȥ
ĸӼӦˣչ˺
չʲôչˣÿղ͹Ժȣвǿ±һ粻ֲҪʲôչҪ𣿣
ʮĳɼʮһСȷʵе鷳
ǽǱ߶˿ɵֱͦͦſڣǸ忴ŶĲ̣ȻŸ˸ͷ
ĸԳǼǮҲ˳黻Щף۰󣬡°佰ɡ
ΣС


45 
ǳ֮,ܺԼǸС
֣ʱ̴˿ڱٱը״̬ﻧ߾Ҫ,ΪūΪ,ΪţΪ,ֻҪܺһϡ,Ѱһ˯λã£˵ֵĪţȦ,Ϊ¶ȵģһ԰˯ůز¶
£׼۸ڽ,Ļ,˳Ҳ,ҪǮܷ,ٸ׾͸м,糭,Ϲ۾ҲĸԸġ
ǵԭµ֧ݱҲ뿪,ЩΧھӪΧ,ÿæµϴ·첹Ůζȹ,ҲޱȲпս
ôѰЩأ
ҲȫȻû·
ɸҲӣ߹һ,ͻȻͿˡ
մ㽫կ,ϵཫһ,ȱδ֪
ս֮⣬ЩӻҪһۡ򣬾ͲôõĻЩˣǸŴ̿϶š
ˡ
˵ҿԴȥͤ
ֻж̹ս𣬶£꣬ǺӳԵסͷ⼸¼ĲӦݡ
̫ˣһ˵һ궼أ
˵ˡ
ɵƳһۡ
ս˳貹䣬ƹض飬ҲҪһʱ䣬ƽ°ɣ
ôأҪԼƽ˻С塷ʲô¶
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͹ȥ
ľվ꽫Цǣȥˡ
ЦˣôҲ֪ɲץֻԾ͸ˡ
ѹ½ԺһСȵެϿҪʱ̵عȥȰܡ
ǰֻһɣСûй
ΪСʱެ϶̶㿪ʾ
ϸһС½ެΪʲôըˡ
СһͺܲİǳգַھӶϳެϵġ
ŮֱĨʱ򣬺ܿѾֻʣ÷ֱ治ʲôɫˡ
˵ǶȽɻǺаĵġ
Ϊаģ·͵Сϣ͸ެˡ
ͷ봩벻ףǶ죬ǵ²ˣҲǸ֮ңְĿ϶ۣСֺܲ塣
ҪǴԼһٰɡ
СĨˣèһ¶˳
ôƯ·ͷϻһˣ֪᲻̡
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ЩƯĺ³ҲδرáÿһܽڸŴŰŮͯĹ¡
кܶಢֻǹ£ڼɣ˭˵һأ
ެϾ߸Ͻ
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ѰҺȾƣͤȱ֮£ʵȥɩΣ
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СظںߣҲ
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㵽ôģ䲻ؿһ䡣
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Ҿǿ
˶˵Ҳûÿһ
⺢ӵͷСһ䡣
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㽫Ҫأ
˫۾е㾪ŵز֪ţðɡ
ַǵȸ֮ңǮոŮǿ±ʱҪôһױƣܲױȥѰĵɾܼͬ޸Ǹȴò⣬ַھǷ׷װ˵ҲһݼױԵʡ
㸸ʱ˵պΪ֮ܳԸһ˵ѾСˣµ׼򣬲㰢ĸǣҲĸ߲ǡ֮£㵱˼
ûô˼ǲ˼ػش
۽ΣܻỤġ
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½㲢ͨϵۣʱܱٳΪƫĹˣлǾľѰһǵĻƣȻۣÿչͷףЩҲɴߡԸ⵱Ͼ͵ϣԸҲʡЩɲʮֱˡ
ǵ¤ˣҲСʫʿ˼Һеˡ
СģɵǺܸˣɾΪıݹһùˣ
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п˿ɫƺúȤ½ɾٺܣȴܰоɱΪΪδֶȴ˽ߣ
е㸴ӣô˵ȽϺأ
ĸʮߵģһ·
˼һһۣԭˣɾأ
ҾɱܺáһЦ
ôƽƽҲȫȫĹȥˡ
ûƺѴ֮ʱξµС㰤Ұʼҡˣһʬ壬ůΪ˷ֹ֣߳ͬʱҲΪۿǣÿÿҪȥʬ壬ҲԣóǮȥǱ׼ۡ
ÿîʱţʱ飬ʮСʱûݼ٣ʲôʱʬ崦꣬ʲôʱۣܽ׼997
ʬ崦ʵҲˣƽЩѺôһذһԽƹõķ㣻Ҳۣůʱǳ٣æųȥ̤棬Ҫڳſŵ·һƬڣ˭أ
ǵǴ첻ҪţЩ˼ұ㿪ʼԼ緹ˮˮʡһͷ¿ȥ
½û˸ͷģ˵üھ˾֮Ҳ𽥵˵ºʹôҲҴӦ
ͬľ͸ԾˡҲûۣެ˰һ˵ķˡ
ѩڣȴδȫҪжࡣ
Ҳ˱Ļɣǽ²ʬ嶼Ҫװϳ˹Ȼ}ˣȴҲЩȻҲеȥ˹һʬ壬ʲôܼ©ĶûС
ʱֵ磬佹ͷʱ㿴һĻ
ެ˵ʰʮ룬òҾҲ̫ࡣ
ôһ߸ţһߺʱԱͬ˵СȻλƵվСƳȥˡ
佣佣
յƳϸδСת˻˾ϲЩ㱣ãҰĸ


46 
ٽ,ůһƬ
˵ѾڿˣŵĲõĶˡ
ȻƲӵʱڣܻƤݸԿһС
ӽµ۽ʱ,ÿܳͷСҲûѰĸĸ
˵,ʮֹ۵,ΪȻҲ,δضˣ˭֪ǲǿʱȱͣȥֵأ
۽,ֻȥʰ˼ǣ˵ۣȴһأҲ׳Щ
Ϊͤϱĸû,ǹܹġ
ôسԼﷹ,ûЩ׵,ެϵӽЩСҲһ,ͷİ̺۵,ެϵľ·,ɸɾһС,˵ðǫǽͷ࿴˺ü,Ȼקߡ
ܺʲô΢ĴѪС˵顣
ڴҶæԼһĶֵصʱ,Сҡˡ
Ŵܹض׼ؾˡ
ΪӭӶ,һεĴɨӸ߱׼Ҫ󣺳ʮڶҪϸ,·,ûĻµĶһ飬ĲҪƽֺòݣҪ֤һеʱûκβ˳۵Ĵڣסĺ顣
ƽ£ڻˡ׼ȷ˵ӦǶ̫ʦˣ̫ʦҪΪи룬Ҳӵˡ
Ծûʸȥ֣ݸĳǷС˵ɼˡǽ𻪳צN̶߳ʮȥ
ɵǣ·ԵĹԱùӭӭҶĳͣĳλǰӲûôС죬Ȼվ
λС˵ֵǣȨ㳯ҰĶ̫ʦɫôá
һǰʮ֮ʱĶ׿ĳǣΧ۵İΪ׳ɫ֪ǰս֪ݵһλ
ǽ𻪳ǵĶ׿һȦ뷢ףϴһ׺ݶƣ顣
׿ûл˹ضǶ˶һʮ׶ԼũųصȴƬء
ڸ֮߳ϣʵ۶Ҫӭʶ֮ʿѾֻǸ¤еˡ
ԼҲôġ
֤ݱԶ׿֮󣬰䲼ĵһǣdһߺɣһ࣬Ϊ롣
³ɣ۾£ɣشԱϡ
̫ʦ仰оͷʱ½ͬ۹
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һʧȥֻۣھûޣưܵĹжȥġ
һ£ƺ׿ûġ
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ĶͤæһƬϲ
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һϵڣڵĸҪЦӭ˾ͽʶҪ֪˾ͽλ£Ψհ˶߿һۣͤȻˮ
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ǿ϶緢޲һտ˵ȢСŵ״̬
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ҪľƣɸһˢһεģҾ֪͵ˣ
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ףûɹֶ˲ˮĻ˼ҵнˮżæҲûʲô
˾ƺȥӰԴ˹
öȥ;ΪΣ
ıĳ°ϵĺӣþƣÿж;ƵܻᱻѰ˴ϼţȴˣ
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Ҳˣϻؿɲǣֻһ仹кηԸֱߵľյһͷһľƣ
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˭֪öƲƲ죬仰û
ոǿƨһŹҲʹҰСԸҲеĪ˿ò˳۵ĵطɵҲⲻ˱˵ӵĻԵء
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߽ʱһ˲ȷʵǸеİ
Ĵ࣬Ͼ֣һ·ĳꪽ׳汾һСʺȾƷְ汾Ȼ˭ҲӲͷƤ˵λݴ𣬵ȷʵе㡰ɵ͡סĸо
ʱֵ磬ߴԺмӳĵĿ
ҵ£һƬӰƾһɵӣǶſվƺ
ŵ߹ȥװľƺ£յľƺ
Ҳ˾ƺƵصƣƵؼȡ
Ȼøţ
ֱ·һûɶԸרҵķԱûܹⷽѵҴ󻧵ǶʲôţλȾʱһһζӣۼζӳˣûôҪҪһµģ
Ժһ˶ûУôҲûбˣҸʶɡ
½һʮεľء
Ҫ㶼㣬һ㣿ȵȿɶԸûУ
ڣҪ㣬ǧҲûмĶ֡
ֺյƵĶͤڳˡ

вɣһС
лûü˵λƿ˵ˡ
ֲԶô㣬ֻ۾˹¼ʮۣһƽġ
˿вڳջһ䡣
˵ҶԼȾˣŽһƬŵģΪשʯ񣬡ôûһ֪ҾȵƣأֻҪվǲ˵ˣô𣿡
Ӧǲѣѵ
ɧ̧ۿ֡
Сĵشչȥϯӣʾ¡
С뽫ͬϯ
ʲôһ䡣
Ǿ
һֱδˣܺáһλؽĿƻ˾յϣ󱲣ȴ½װ
˵ɶ
Ʈô͡
仰Լҭȥˣû˵ڣֵһյƣƣˣºΪ
ƽ⣬ûͻɧôһ¡
ѵͶ׿й


47 
СֻǸ,˵δ١
һҪԹǵζӣֿһ,ȴԸҫ鹣
С޼ҵ,ҲҪҫ鹡
㲻ҲԸڸ˳Ӫѧϰ𣿡
ҲΪ˹ҫ,˵,Ϊﱣڡ
ƣЧ𽣬衷͢Ү
䲻һ˵е,̽Եһ䣬˭
ǳĬضһûش⡣
Ȼᵽ˸˳뻹һ䡣
߽ʱط
ü,Ѱ£
ȻȥӪѧ㶫
ͻȻĳһڴ,һ,Щű֮ѵֻ̣ܽ
˺Ȼ͵һİϵľƺյζӺⶼһ
ˣ
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³ͼȡ
,³,ʲôϵ
һ·Сܵؾһͼ,ӹȥ,ҡҡλվ,,̿
ʶǺδ
Ȼȷɶȷ϶ȸˡ
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,ȥϢһ𣿡̽Եһ䣬˯֮СҲδٰɣ
Ƴһִۣǽժ˹λĵľߡ
Ҳ֪λǷʲôƷ裬ľսĸߣһ߻һ׼ǧ̨ʱˤźá
վ£̽ͷŲܿһۡ

䲻һԼûŵòһˣƷôô氡˶ܱųಡɣ
һһֻ֪ʲôô񴦷չԽԽߣܿ콫Ҫ
һڽҪһڵʱͻȻֱһ֧Ҳûô׼ƺֻǶһ㣬ǣ˹ֱطգ׷ֻ
ֻùҵķݴżʸ׹ʱڶгòûжֻתͷʮֵسǺЦһ
浱ˡö
аɣϾֲʶˣȻէۿȥǸˣǴͷŶӦ׼ġ
ȸ˵սڣʱѧˮƽͲУھ͸ˡ
Ϊָŵͼ³ȡ㵱ν
Ĭ˺ܾã̽Եָһ·

ޱֵһ䣬㶼֪ԼѣݴӺ·֧żգҪˣ
С̽С˱ѣΣ
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¡
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Ǽ·ݳģ
¡
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һɽ·Ƿ֮⣬еԥָָƬ˵ʪغҲӦǰ̽һɣ
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ǵ˵Ļһʺ˵Ҿ͵ǰط
ֿһۡ

ǵϸġ룬нضϣǲӦñ·ͿԽҵ֧иΧȻ󡭡
˳˼һ̧ۿ㿴˵㲻ˣ׮׮ȴΪҾǡ
ı
ǣһЦ̫ʦı
ա
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ܲɽĹذʵѵá˵ȴδ٣սƥ··ߣôʹãȴ
⻰˼ǲˣ
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Ƴһۡ
֣֮ȴӮ
⡭ôӻѵ޵е
㶨Ȼ룬ѵı컹ܡöһ˭úԼǶ̫ʦ£Ҫն緶Щö
ˣ¶һ˿ûɫƺԼ˵еࡣ
ʵûѻ˵ףضĽAͬˣΪɶ˼ǸAѺˣ
λǺεˣСĵһ䡣
ͷѾеһ䣬Ǹѵõˡ
ƾѾԽӿԽߣòԼſ´һˡ
׼ʱֿʼ̾
֪Ϊ˵ô໰𣿡㿴һۣ˽ڳһ׮ϣ㼸ʲô¶ܽ
ʲô£ɱϴˣ㣿ûô죬֪Ķ°
Ҫ׽ˡ
ȻᣬȴδŮɫ󡣡ͷ˵ܺã˺ΪѰһźף㽲ŮʵòҪҪǡ
һָҪͻݴȣٲܸ£
ѾתСҪתһѻķˡ
һ㶼ûԾ﷢ɧ
̫ʦʾųأϺƣصס״֮ȴ֪ҹκϾԹҳޣ㿴⸮ѾεͬͰһ⼸ֻȥϴ
㿴һӴ𣿡ʹ˵ȥˡ
˿ԣ治ȷС˵ʵҲûʲô


48 
ڶѵָֻһ,ͺȻ벻ȸʱ˵Щʲô
ʹˡ
ֱȥʱ´ۣҲȱһɱģҪҰɣ
һ,û,ûСĵһбȽϺá
˼,ȱһɱģ
ʡлشʮֽ
ǲˡ
ҪС𣿡ʵмֵ,ʱ
Ȼһ£ȻرնСͱ,˳ȥȥƽʱլﵱ̴ӣˡ
ǸտҴƽ𣿡
,ұһ,˵Щ޴Ů˻Ὣ˵黰,û뵽㾹Ȼ˵ˡ

ôԸ,С޲ӡǹػôһ䡣
˳,һжصϡ
üڿѰ˷ݻ,˵ڳ¾ɸ,żҲὫԼļ̳͹ȥϰ峢֮ر,ԺͰ˾̳,ÿææµµ,һ߽С,ŵɾζιĺò,ҷԤüеľι˵ֻһϵַҲ֧ˡ
˵ҷȥҴ帮һܣ˵ܴ򿪸·أ
ͤһ̶˵ӳֱȥ˽ߣرʹرʾɲԼɻȫɴˡ
յУһޱȵ࣬׼ȥɹһɹò׹·ʱԶشˡ
ŽʮϤĿ޺Լ
һĵ·ϣѺһŮףĵ߶α֪̫ʦֿʼԹˡ
ȿ֪λǷϣ֮ѽ
Īą̇̄ʮ˽֮󣿡
ѽ֪ʲôҪļ̣
Īض๴
ϱǹңضʲôǣأ
ڶ̫ʦ๵أ
֮󣬼ŬС
ڲڶ׿һЩҸϰûϵһġ
ʱô
ʩҪڰȻٽͺõķ½ڶ컹Ҫٽһˮֹʽ߲ջ
ר־ؽˮʱûŵԺűһƾͿˡ
½ɾ~ַ̳֣ôڿ죿
պڼ׷һ׷ôСֱӣպòʳˣ
ʲô˸ۣȻ֣½ɾ~Ѱ£
֣Ȼһ㲻õԤС
߽ۣ̿ͻȻһЦ
Цʲô
½ɾôҲʮ˰ɣ
ɡо󱳿ʼðΪ
㶼ôˣﻹû֪֪ȵôУԼӣ·һ˵ţһֻ۾´һ·롣
Ȼ룬ֲĵֱУԼҾһĶֵػЦ
ӹңֻ⼸겻뿼£ٹ꣬ҵ֮˵ɡ
̲ˡ
һû˵ʲôأġ
Ҳǹ⣬ⲻ
Ǻһӽ˵һ˵ֵģĳôŮκã˫ɣһرʵǸܽҵĺùǧܴ
˵ˣ͵˱ˮݹȥ
㾿룿
룬ʲôɻڡ
ͻȻ˹ǲǻüͬģ
侲һͻȻӵγŻûȫ죬һֱ᲻ðԵͲˡ
ӼȻûŬĿд̣ɫΣ˸ʳСͲϣ԰ɡ
յܾԵ粨ֹСͲˣվԺſڣʹ顣
չԺţһתͷˮʱǫԴǽ̽˳
֪ΪʲôȢϱܺӺٺЦұ𣿡
ˮư˹ȥ
Ҫ㱣ܵĻǽ߶ȣֱ˱Ͱǫ֮ľ룬Ҫʲôôѽ
ǵȻǫ˳ͭҾ㱣ܣ
ûۣȻܺӸոջе̾͸ֳһɫ󣬹ĻһҲа
⣬˵ôһλСɾҪͭã
붼û룬̴˵ȻҰĸ
ͻȻȥԴһ£µ
Ͱ佰ɣ
ܺһӻ۾Ҫһ飬㲻Ҫô
Ǻ˲ǳ
СѾʮһˣںСŮԼĸߣҲҪеһϴ֯Σ¼֮ˣÿ첻ϴڷĳԷߡ
Ҳ˵ެϿΪּ໷£¼ԱůѵˡĵЩ߱ެȥ֯첻ʼҹΪʡ͵ƲŻ˯¡
ǰ£ǫͲ̫ס
Ǿ뵽˸׳нǽˢİ취
ܷΪУһ˵ԭͦ򣬵ӿ˼ʮ֮󣬴ҶѸΪ˲гξι΢еģˡ
ͭⶫأЩ̯ϾͻɫеɣҪСģֹƭ˲С
˼ǣԼҲһУȻȥӱȽ϶Ծ
ǵǰÿСں͹˿ʹ̡
ҸһǮӣ˵ΪβǮ
СǰҸɾġСͷ󺹣Ǯ˵С˵ȴʵǶ̫ʦģ
˵˵˭ҪǮ
ȥյһǮڵϣڳ˿ҲֽһǶ˻ȥ
Ǯң
ǿСһСӻ˹˿ͣʰʰϵǮ»С
ǰȥкһСǡ
Сֽǳ˳ƣǮͻȻȥһѡ
ɾҪǮ
ȻĪѵǲҪǮģ
ɾҪʲôǮ
ʲôǮ
Сһ£ɾɷȡҿ
ͻҵλǮгҲͨǮ˵һǮ뻨ǾͱǮͶǮһǮҲ֪˭ôɣͭҶô໨
ǮǶͤ˸ĶǱ׼ǮóȥⶼûУضҪƵġ
ȻСöǮϸ֮һң˻ã˻á
ǲõʲô
ɾ֪̫ʦСǮ
Сȥöһ˶ڵϵСǮ
һʱˣûǮQ״Ǯ
ǮҼҲ塰֣һ£߼һǮͭǮء
Ǯֵһ£е㲻š
ǮСܿ϶˵ҲͰˣиȥʱСǮ˵һջǳٷء
ȻǳӰһã⻹ǮôǷҰɣ룬ۼŲҪͨˣ


49 
Ȼʱͨʲô,½ûʷʱͨͻк־Ż֪ġ
һǡǮֵǮˡ
ﻹмǧǮϽ,õ,ֻʯסöٽ⻹ǿõǮ,û,۸
Ŷٽ׻ؼҵʱŷŬɹɸкһ
ɾֲڼпΪ׻
һ,˵ɩӿڣ
ĸ֯е㾪棬ɾ𻰣ȥĸ
⻰е,ҲϽеǮװɡ
ɴһ,Ʋ֮ʱ,ΪҪףҪҲƣ
̫ʦСǮһأ
ڷؽԺŴ,ʳѽ,ɻԺ﷢,ûһʲô
֪֪ʲô,ͬὲˡ
ǮֵǮ֮,žͻ۷,˻ﻻʱض,Ըĵǿص,Щո,δȵСǰǡ
Ϊܹһεķ粨аȥǵøϽڻʲС
ʳ⣬ҲҪáԼ԰ӣ߲ʱԸ㣬ЩӴţĥҲܳԣѿҲܳԣˮζҲܳԣ֮ŬŬܰȥġ
ææµµھǵ̬еԥ
ڴˣʱʳҲѽ

ǵСǮ̫ʦ᲻֪ڣػջɣ
Ȼǰûøôشһ֪
̫ʦһѻǨ˵ǵںô𣿡
ȻһǰŰɣ½ĺøжˢñȽϸˣһóЩЩʳ
ǫͺܲˣΪǵˡ
˵ܺĵ£ҿûͬ˵
ǲС
ûǸǫѾܻȥˣ
СƳжЩʳüһĻЩ⡣
ǫƤˣ
ҴӦǣˣ˵
üɫһӳˣֲʲôڣ˭ҺӶʮ˻Ҫǣ治֪ߡ
Ҳûʲô㲻عϽڰ֡
֣üЦһ£ɾҹ̲ܽϣɾĪ֡
ԴϴƸ֮üȻºͣࡣ˵ûЩεʾã֪ΪɶǻеΡ
ѵǲλˣ
飬üﵹֿڷˡ
ɾȻǮΪβͤϵ»֧
˵öԣͷнˮззǮзģһ켷أ˵˭Ҳͷϣ˭֪ǻΣ
ڶǸĺʺʳ
ҽ˸СƳüСƳ˼裬ɵǺκǳ࣬ľƵСƳֲƵϴˢζΪɡƽͤͱ·κˡ
أ
С֧Щ
û˵껰ʿѾֵر˹ճ棬̴ʱҾ;һȻһ
ǲŵģҲûʲôڽڷ籩ϯʱȺӳȥ

ףͷڣŽۣڳϵģɵġ
ûٶֻŹʮ̴Ӿر׳ˡ
á׵Ųȥˣȥܡ
˳ڴףֹۣǳȥܣֱǳȥ̡
һȺ˼κקĿͷ׷Ͷˡ
½ɾҲҪһ𣿡һ䡣
ѵó棬Ϊβתͷֵţκһž߹ȥˣŵأȥѰһƥ
ûһȥǣֻһתͷɣ𣿡
Ҳһװ꽫˹͵ܿ
̷ϣС˲óСڸкűǡ
°ͣ˼һУҴ
ҲСתһͷȻʲôƵģҪʵﲻϣ֧һ¹Ϊѡ
˵óҲ׼ȥôȺӾôϲԼ
ǣƥɫſڣɴһ£ƥõĸ鲻̫꣬͵ԣ
еԥûöʱ˳ִǣ˹
ʱСЩôһ˵ţһߺȻؾҪȥ̶ֻλƵ롣
˵Ķ룬һ
꽫ͷķȴ־ȣһ̿
͵ܲ׾ӻû䡣
ż˼άɢһ£˵ոκĵһš
Ҫ˵ûŰһţƺҲ˵ùȥǶͤҲûûģʹûôԴ
ȻΪһµԵʣ£⼸λҲ߿һۣͬ齻㣬ǣִ붼ôȻ
ÿչƥҪ˴
˼ǣִ룬Ժʲô
뷨һ·ϾͲ̫ģͬҲǺӦȥ
֮˲ʮκ˵Ǹˣĵط͵ˡ
һɽ£δΧֻμˮƽһƬأŰʮˣоʿš
ʲôĵط֮¸˺ܶ࣬һ֮󣬳һ
ȡ
һʿ̾ʹ̴ӱŵһУ˳õݸ
ãһ°ٲһѶѵˣһ
ԭеĳֻҪһָ̾ڵһڳȥٶ˲ȼս񿥣ƥ磬ǰ漸ȴҲֻСܶѡ
ԽԽ죬̳ܿһĨѪۣ˵ˣҲһ̣еĳû
ǰһ˲촷ۣûôһ·桤ݵس˽ȥһֱɱƬ˼Ⱥ潫Ҫʱһһ䣬ֳ˳
εĲòʵصȺ佫ǰö̴Ӻ󣬻ûķһ䣬ԡ
Ⱥ佫ҲɣôųꪣڵسȥĻ棬Լǵӿرǡ֡
ӵļҲиеͣһ·ܸһ·Ĳݣκʹۿۣŵһƫһ˵˵Դβ˾ôȥˡ
˭ҲûͬﱬЦ˳
˱׵һȳһյرʿߣһο˶ûУûסСºˮһ䡣
ʧǰҲżе£αϿأ
̧ͷһۣû仰ȻĿƹ̴ӡ
һá˵
̱ݹˣһ߰÷棬øˣףͭ롣һ£ó
С˴δù
ûڽɶ
ͬһҲôġ
еɽ
Ҫסող֮УͷѾ
ƸҪôȾƣҪôţҪôǸһ࣬жնһ⣬ǻسһΪһ⣬ǵ£ǱѰ·˾㲻ã


50 
е,20ļܵ㣬һѵӾؼǱ棬˵ֻҪսйأûʲôóġ
ǵһ,,˻,еҲо
ѾQϵɲ,࣬͵δùã
ȷʵ
ɳһ,ָָƬǽĵͶǲдһˡ
͵ܲΪĿ꣬һܴз񡣡
񲢲ѣǶһ䣬֮,ʲôֵעĵط𣿡
꽫һ,һ,¶ԲԲһѣԽԽá
ԽԽ,Ǿͳȥ
,һ,ųþͳ˵˼Ⱥ֮СΧϵĹǷ׷ס,תͷ
ܵԽԽ,Ҳ,УԺ
ֲϼٵĳһǰδео,·ﶼ,ûʲô,Ҳûʲôսʤ
õĴ̼һ̱ˣ
ĿԶֻۿݻƵɫ嵽ǰŷ֣Ⱥӷڹĵ˼ȺѾһƬ˵ĵݶѣǵ֮ǰʱضľ׮ģҪһСĲȹȥˣҲҪ֮ǰǼһƵģˤײ˵ҪЦ
Сˣ
һƪʱѾӸӦһ˻һٵصתͷ˸䣬ƿǰƬƬĵݶѣŶǶȥ
ô̳ųľ޴Ѹ˵˵֮УҪγʱȴʲô׿סȴһ˲ʱվ£ԭ򵾲ʱ˲˺ס
һ˲֣סñǰˣǰһ
˿δ٣ƹһƬ촷ۣת˸䣬˻
Ȼֻһ²רҵ壬ȴԵһ⣬߳һ㺹
µɿ򾲵ܻ¶һһõ΢Ц
͵ʦͨҼһȥΪ벻ӦƸȦܣ
κҲô°ɣ
ǵʲô𣿡ʣΪһСģñῨ棿
ţ˸пյľ飬˵ʱõòԣãԽ취
ʹòԣõݸ̴ܹӣеãظһ顣
Զƺעܵһȥˣ֮⣬ȺѾ׷˼ףϣеҲľƵĶ׼ȷ˵ӦýС쯡ԭӦͭӣҲǵĹӡ
عͷŷ˸ȦʱҲ˼ס
Ϊ͵׼һˣʮĵ˵бõĸף͵ܿһԡ
û׹ż׸ʲôã
ϻսȻҪżˣ
аɣӵϷЩǣոǲʲô⣿
ո˵ʹòԡʲô˼
λüĿ꽫תͷƺγѣҲûʲôͷӲżȷʵῨסá
κѾȲˣԶԶؿʼСС
һƥ׳ĺӣС
һȻ̵ظϡ
󣬱䣬κһｫ
С˲
ɲߣ´һ½ɾżô
С˲żס˵СҲûս
ۣҲ
⡣
ϻհȥϷǲμӵģ˵ΪոߣùҲóʹϳȺˣĹҲȫҪżס
εȰ˵Ǳˡ
С˲żף˵Сġ
ֽӴս͸ոյĳ൱󣬵ͬؼսһ֡
Щｫÿ߶ҪϼһͬսͬʱҪø˵ʱ۶òʲôϡ£ｫԼҪֶ̱˵ЩҪΪЩҪеսÿ˻һС⡭󣬻ҪƥƥǳĸǳСҪǧơ
һ£ֳӵĹǾ˹ȥսûʹ棬˵ΪԼۣ˼˼ײһ¾͵ˣص㻹϶Ź
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ֻһƥĺһӾͳ˹
һ˹ȥɵĵڶˣһδ£㱻ɽ˹ȥ˶
⻰ô˵ģûףԾǸ쾭СţôҴ򣿡һԣһ߱ӹսһ߰ơ
ҲָԼͻȻһǳܻӭˣܵЩǱھ߻ӭˣ
ô;ˣŽǸҴ̴ֵۣ࣬ӡ
ȻԼ⻰ԼҲ˵ˡ
ԣɲʱҵʹº֣Ҳų̂ͬʸ
̫˼ʱͺɼһƴκԽײɼľƶɱ
תͷƿֻҲеİľ쯣κԽǰ׾ȥ
Χ˶ڻսȻܳվһ
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κԽԭΪսͨһ㣬ͻȻ֮ǰǸ˵ûͬ飬һЦķˡ
ս֮ɲ࣬ʮֿĵأһļ򣬲ȥԻ£У
ҲȻһ£ڸ
ʱ磬ֽʢģ¶ԽԽߣЩϴһܵ޲һκжһ̴ӣж˼ףȻͿʼ·
һ仰ʱκѾѵþʣˡǹʿԼ̬¶ֵطǼƫŲҲʼж£μˮԿ£
һǺºϴˬ죿ƺ⣬˼䣬ЩǸԵĲױƽھӪͬͬס񣬴ʱˮϷ಻Ϊʧǡ
ǲΪʲôЩױһºӣ⣬ô͹֮Ҳˡ
ȻҲȺºӾϴͼ
ⲻΪʲôһĻҪǰ涫ҹʳ̹·СѷΣʲôҪȺӹƨɣ
Ӳס׼ӱʱҲͣˣһ󣬡͵ˮԼãǼǵõģΪβºͬԡ
СˮԲá
ҧأҪתͷʱͻȻȥһţ
͵ܲصģ꽫رƽںµκ̲ǳأ


51 
μӵһ֧,壬ˮȴǳʮʺºϴ衣ع,׼סʱ,ƥȽŹĸѾź̲˹ȥ,κתͷǿĵĻ˻֡
Ȼû,סתͷûκ⡣
ǵתͷɣΪɵѾһץס
ѵó棬͵ΪβԸºӣ죬Īк飿
ǲˮԣκ,콫ˮԼںˮˮˣ裬Ȼˣ
ܲǸˣȺĹѾ,ס,ǵ뵽һ·͸߽Ҳûˮ
ʮԶ,,о,͸˳,߳졣
оϻкõϣ
㿴æָָȻиߵͣΪʲôûˮ
,δս,ҲͲ,Ըˮɡ
Ǹ߽أ
ѷֱϽ,Це˵,͵ַ,αԿࣿ
һ㶼࣡ն˵Ҽȸ߽ѧϰоֹҲ뷽ֱϽǣȥˮعҡ
ԶʲôôΣǡ
κˮˣԺлǵøɣһʡ
˵ûͷ˼һ£Ȼ̽ӣ˳Ǳߴ˵Ч߲ѷˮҵͬԡ
ͣ˽ͽĶתͷλһ˿ĽһۣڶЦȾһȻ
̫Ҳã˵㿴ձ㵱ڡ
Ȼе㲻˼˳ǰԶǺ֡
Ȼ֣ҲǸڣ룬ֵܻس˸⣬Ҫ½һ£ҲºӱǣΣ
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Ǹ˳Ѿվۣһְεһöܵ߳ˡ
һȺֲ´ĹӹƨɴӺһŵվں̲׼Χۡ
˵ɶȸոջҪεģǾڣʹ룬ˢޣ޵δô°
һݵĽ̵εǸûΣҲΪʲôֵεġվӶһǱФƵĻ׵ƺָУºӡ
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Ǵү
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Ȼ̧ͷҪ֣صлʱȴȻվ͵ָԶһ쿴
ʶҲתͷ˳ֱ۷۾˹ȥ
ָķǺӱߡ
۾ʹʹ
κ˲ϳǿˣгЦǱȴСҿ߽δ㰡


52 
Ȼ졢硢̲һˮһȦ˼,Ⱥݹ˭Ҳǳˮģһʱң½½ϰˡ
ڴڼǸ˲ٳĵ,ڡʲôʱóá,ʲôʱͭ쯡,ϹҪȵϹټΪʲô,Ժļʿһƨ￩֨֨ңô˸Ͻתͷ
Ϊʲô
ܿʯʡ
šʯ࣬ʯ롣
ܿʯ
ʯ
˸ˡƣһӾʯҲǶʮ,һٶһ˲˹
׻𣿡̡
ûܵļ,ԡϵĸ˳˹,ͷȻеʪ,Ѿһ˿,Ѱ,óƵ֮
̵ںؽ֮,ովʮϹ۵һĻ˿̼·ѥ඼룬峤,ͷڵĸ˳,עе㲻̫׼С
źܿ챻˳,üͷһ,·ģ
סͷ,̫,ԴеΡ
̵λһ£˺ˮȥոΪβºӣ
ԲĴո˵ʲôɣ
ʲôأʪһκҲˣǼֻӣ󡣡
תͷһۣû˵
Щǿ߾ϵľӣٰͳЩ󺺵ľ˶ԣǴδϹʹǿĵˡ
ʱѷǱʱҲҪ˶ãضоͻֳɽƵ;ϸյǿˡ
κǲᱻһ˲Ĭŵģܿͳɤţȥ򿾵ôˣ
⡭пԵ𣿣
һۣ͵ϲ⣿
Ȼʱʲôⶼϲ˭᲻ϲȻʱûУҲлǣҪѾȻˣһȥڶ͸ɫԼڵ
˵ҷʱ򣬺䲻һ䣬½ɾ񳿴ƳȥϣΪأ
Ŭһ鿾еִ⣬⻹Ҫʱͣһ¡
˵ǲԾģŽʱ˽ܲòøϽȥȻܴӺ۶Ƶһ
͢СǮǿҭе˵ŬӲӣ֧ʳ
һ˹ϽסһڣǽҭסĿˢθʾһ¸мʱŷɵıӡ
ӾͱӰɣѾɸ֣һֵ꣬ں¶ˣҲû취һˣ
СǮκҿʳʲôϵ
͢СǮʳͻǼۣ˵㲻֪𣿡
ʿ۾Ǵƺ͸ˡ
װûǸ˾ɫװĶСԹʲô
ɵǺܸȤΪ̫ʦСǮʳǼأ
̫ʦСǮʳ࣬԰ɣ
š
ϵǮȴˣ԰ɣ
κ֮½¶˻ȻκĥĴˣ̫ʦ֮һ֮Ĭģʽ
ͣ˻ͷСĵؿһۡ
½ż룬Լĺøжˢˣǿţص·ˣ׿λͤʲôأԴ˵̫ʦΪҪȲڮ̫ʦ֮٣ƺҲ̫ʦʲôס
Ȱȥ׿ԣȰ̫ʦͨгͶСǮ
ֻδǲȰɱ׿ɱˣȰȰ
Ѿϣ»ع񣬽յоƺ˸ɾ
ŶĮ޶ԣڻӦĻ
֧ЩʳѰ֧˱ǣλ̧ͤۿһۣĵЦһЦ
ƾ͢ʲô˵ǲ˵ġ
ȵܲˣҲ̫ûóնʲô尾ʱǲžһ쾹Ȼδ¹ꡣ
¼ĵϵһ𣬽ͷβص̫ʦʧ£ŭĴԣ˵׿ҲΪ壬òǽ𻪳Ϊǳʾǫʡ
ȻʡûͣСǮĽŲȻ˾·ʱСǮҶںˡ
ͷѾˡ
̫ʦ̵Ǳ򿪵ģҪĿĵͺͺֻлܣЩ»ܱȥܶˣǾֻʣ¿յһӡļͽıڡһǣһľһΣһף㾡󣬵ʲô򲻵
ȻҲţ˵Ѿûε̼֣ôūӣһԴĳʵһĲǳ޼ҿȥ񣬶ǳڵİˡ
˶ЩūжˣһʯһڣȻϵĲҪרҪһԷޣŮֱδŵĴ˦
ʱ۱һȣƺҲûôˡ
۾٣һַ鲢ïĽ⣬˳ǰЩ˵ҪǧǮһʯ
ҡҡͷٲ¡
ǧǮ
ٲ¡
ѵǮ
һֻƣһڡ
Ǯ
ʮǮ
һ˼һδܴճʮǮһøͷ
ʮǮصҡҡͷ޼ۡ
ʮǮūӦʲôģ˭Ҳ벻ޱҲʶѾˡ
˽ﻥﻻһƥֻð׻⣬ҵѾȫɱŽ겻꣬رĺʱɹ⣬ûȥʲôַۣһΪ۱Ȼƽ
½һˣ۽еʮǮһʱ֧ȫǶ׿СǮҲ500ͭǮˣ30ʳ500ͭǺܻ
û˻ԼʳΪ̫ʦ·ˡ
Ǹ֮ڻʳ˽Լdо䲻̫ĴԳƣdΪʮ֮˾Уξ׽ΥΥɵˣڡΪӲТΪңΪ壬Ϊܲ˳ˣͶѵˣڻˣʱ߼۵ˣСǮ˵ȵȡ
ΨһǵȱǶ̫ʦץڽϵˣÿ峿½ȥͤǩʱ·߿ߣϻᱻСɾڶ峿ٻһµġ
ЩڼҪ·ߵĳԽԽ࣬Ҳеͷۡ
˾¼䣬̫ʦƺҲ˵﷢һУһж
ԼļҾȥdǿ˱˵һĻĻ
ϼҼһĴٻһ㣬ֻ˭ҲҶԡüҲƣĴԺ϶˯
㲵ھȤһ䡣
ôüֱȥ
ҵԼ٣ֻȦһЦⶼûУȴ̳һѣ¼ǵ١
ǸЦ˭ҲúЦ֮󣬻ǳˮͬİοһ䡣
ٹһӾͺˡ
˭Ҳ֪һӡǶãаնʶĳϽһǡ


53 
״ûȥ,˲֪ĹǺģֻܴӹŮǵƴգȽƴճٽϹƴճ,һﳤ,ʺһͨΰĹƴӵһ
˵,ݸһɣ,׳֮޷ݡ
ƺЩƵĴ󺺶ҲѾһСŮŵĻ룬еĹҶɹ̾͵ľ²֪ʲô,ȥᷢˮҶ죻ϵϢ֯һ˿,ڹҵÿһ䡣
߽֮,ΪŨҵľȡˡ
ſڵСŮڿʱ,Сܽ˵,ĵ˹ҵ,˵ȵ׽ʱ,ЩĹŮѾܵˣϵľƺյҲȥ˵¹ڶ΢һ¡
μ߽,ص游
׽ôˡƾŮɫ˫ش̼µĳ컹δȥ,׿ѾŬؼһ΢Ц,á
ʲôöҪʹͰף˹,һҲע̬游,һС
ʮ,ѾʮŮһ׵Ƥ谵ĵܷ΢΢Ĺһ㡣׿ÿοԼİŮʱʶĲ˫Ф丸۾ΨһģŵĶӡ
ȻкöģںͷߵСűһֻϻӣɺϲ⣿
ֻϻӿϡ棬Ҳ˽鱦ƲƲ죬ϻӴ򿪡
װһ壬һʮöӣö֬ƣףʣöƣīɫвŵӫԡ
ʵصǧģΡǸݵӡڽȴɫظԳһϻ˵ĺ
ӣϲؽ˰˫¹һγ۾Ȼ󣬡ⲻǳ
ˡ΢ЦŴĻ
ƥСȴ˵ǼıܻģΪȴˣ
øõĶǻõġ
΢΢ͷʲôģ
ǸͲܸ߰ˡ׿ϵĳѾȥʹڵһƬ谵ӳ£ҲҪβסҰܵɫȥɡ
ϻֵǵӣڻУһһ΢ЦǾͶлˣ
ſڲ֪ʱһӰδ׿˫ʱӥ۾Ѿ˳΢ЦѾȫ׵ĺ룬ȥѰЩŮɡ
ϲó˶׵ԺѾȲҪȥͬЩҵŮ԰һµҲѰ󸸾Ϊ£Ҵ˸󣬼һ·СܳϹŵǼڻƵƻ֮ŽĹԣ˵ʱϸܵĽ߱תΪɫ
ö뿪󣬶׿һ˿ȰЦҲʧˣȷøõĶϻ壬ǾʴȵΪԼѡһǵأ֮ⶪڣҰʳǵ֫
ǸģϽ͸׵
ǲ𣿡׿ƣ֣˾񡣡
˿ɫǲѵģڲ߿Ȼ̫ʦѣȴ΢עڹϣڶ׿ιˮƽԣѾѵõ֮١
ոȥξѯжߡ
ŷ֡϶㲵ͻȻѾ߾ˣ
һƬž
ҲϹط̫ʦ֮ǵǮԽСǮ֮Σ׿˿ʼڳѡѡɱˡ
ֻҪǼڹеģûó㹻ǮĹԱ̫ʦĿɪɪϦʹˣȻե㹻ʳ׿еɡ
ѵ̫ʴˣЩԱ
ĥ˺ܶɱ˷ʽ˵ȶ࣬ն㣬Ŀ֮δת䣬ЩѪܵģûжĶʸĿǿЩŵӶˣȴȻϳǮ
»ô׿뵽ȻеĪίЩҪݱģʧǮΪޣΪӣ
£ΪΡΡη绳£ԴǣСβң󡭡
ʱֹסԼΪ׿Ҫϯλʱ˫Kҳ䡱佫Ȼһ̲һ̱޷
Сȥ̫ʦγһ㣬ǰæҲһ֣׿վ
뷢԰׵ŷŭĻ⣬ž÷
¾Ҫη֮ҪԳУвҲТ֮ͽ˽ԿɾٷµҪµɱɱþЩ
ߴ㵵ʵʵƿߣԣδСʡ룬ιһСʣλ̫ʦĴֱֶҪС㳹׵ļüˡ
½һԼое㻳
ˡ
˵ܿɳܣȻڴڶˣȷʵһ㡣ΪͤĻʳǰˣǰͤĲŲɹǮģҲǮЩ䣬߶˵ʳĻҪҶһ¡
ڲҪˣΪͤõʳõ̫ʦݱʳ֪ݾͲݾ̫ʦļϵСܶЩĸ
˳ԵúãǳԶҲã׷⽴Ҳÿ컹ʣ۱ĸַ֣ԶԲ꣡
ľƣɸƵС罫ԶΪ峺ľҺ˾ƺȻǰһƣ͹ȥ
ҲڷС
ɼǵõһμ׳ð汾ʱݣ·
⻷Ҫɫòˣһ˾ƣͻѸ˻
ᶢǰϵһСˡ󲿷ζӡĴԱ㡢ſԶ
ϸƺɵǲ£޹ֺȾƵʱϲ塣

һ̾񱼵ԶԶѾҪĳҲֵ֪ʱϰһ̾Ϣʵ

Ư˵

ľѾȵλˣҪ߿ģʽˣ롣
ͳÿϡﻩһصϰղͬǵĿر𵥴ֻСһ׮
ͤȵĿǶֶġ
΢عһ£
˾Ƣܱ꣬ңܷ
ͬǻ۶࣬ңܷ
ǱЦMMPңܷ
źСÿҪǺܷ
̾ϢȴƨȻһͭҲ֪ͭΪʲô
˫ۣž̾һſǲˣ

ţϵĸ˶ˡ
Ҫ϶űװһ·˵ˣӶ
ôһ䣬Ȼɫһյơ
Ӣ۸û˴أ˵Щӹ֬׷Բλ࣬䲻Ͻ
ʮϲصͷ˵òȻֻǸģ
Ҳ֪˵ɶãǱ˵ˡ
Ϧ£ڶͤԹͣ򵥲ùԼһǰһ׼ؼҵʱ򣬺ȻʮֵһĻ
ϼʾһ·Ƕӵڴ
߽ʱСת´ǼۣȻ˽ʼ£ַھǱΧ˹
вҲТ岻˳ߣҽԿɽҷ߼Ҳ߷빫ͣ
ǸСƺ˵ջִһ䣬ͣ


54 
￪ӪҵľƷ᲻,ϸõҲͭǮʳˡһѰ㣬ڵغȾƳԲˣֻԵ¾ƵС,¶ʮס
е,һֺá
½ɾ֮,زڴˣСһյ,֪ͤϡ
ıְλͤԼۣѷʱ򣬿һܲһӣѾʵ,˵ߺټˡ
ѰæְĽַھӲһ,һ,оеΪ,ױ,,нǲȱ˵ġ
ƺеʧ,ҲûǿȥۼžҪ붬ˣӲù,ɾĪЦ
ڰ,æʾûν,˿ȱ,ұѰġ
Զݳ䳡,ܿѰһ,˵ЩëƤ£Ŀڲűã¶ҲܽȤôĿĵĺž죬һѵõ°ʱʱһʮӦûκι⡣
⼸ճǲ̫ƽĵ˵˵ĵ˼ҶξȥҲ֪ЩǼ١
ȻǼٵģ˵ô಻Т㩲Ҳ˳֮ˣ㿴ֶץˣ֪֪ǳǣ֪Ϊء
ʲôꣿ
ʲôҲûУ˵ƥҲ׼ˣ׷Ѳϡ
ͷСؿһּۣת˻Ҳг𱨳ԹԹˣ˵ҵĻƵУҲжԵĸ΢֮ء
Ҳ˭󲻽ͷ˭󲻱˽ͷ˵
ɾʹ̸ǷǡСĵһƨ
ΪǵǷǶҽˡһ䣬޴ˣ浱ؿƿء
ȡ
Ȼ̸ǷǣҲ̸ǷǰȻ˵ǰڱ󽲹ҡ
˲һŇɾǶǹȥˣ
û˵ֲʲô¡˵ҾôȤͷġ
ҪǡСĵظ˾ƣܵξȥͷأ
ڽʲô
ҪӹȥˣҲ⣬˵Ʋˡ
˵ʥô仰֮ӳȮӾˡӶ֮䣬Ҳûꡭ΢΢˹ȥװȾƣСĵع۲ķӦ
һ뷹Եңǽ˵ǲʲôԹҲشĻǵѰɣƮƮ˵˼Ҫ£ʷġ
ΡȻʮϤ⸽ǲڣ䲻Ⱦ֮طôܽӻҲҪһ뷹ԡ
ףۣźе̵ͬĸоѥӲڵذϷ˽Ƭཻ֯ĦʱرӲ
ƺ鲻Цؾ˽
ŻŵվҪ񣬱ذһ֣
·͵ܣ˵⼸սɻ
Ȼô᲻ǲݾ˼ЩȻֱӳԵ̫ʦµľȴҲܼӳԵһ㡣
˵ެ֯Ĳø˻ʳ˵ҵҲڲﻻʳɷղڼңһСֲóȥǽַھ˭Щ𣬱׶Ǽġ
һ·Ķݵ԰衣
һжáͷ
˫峺۾һ䣬Ǿͺã͵ʲô֮£ѰҲӪѰҡ
㿴л֮ųǸӰепһҹ֮ɱƵģ⹷ȴ
гĬһ£ʱһ˿⡣
ˣõñࡣ˵ΪΪʲôҪʾסƬǳѵõԴ
ʲô˼
Ҳˡƺ׼Ϊ⣬ȫֱ֣һۣΪЩڸǹȥ̫ˡ
ڸǵʲô£ٳһƬ˭Ҳӵġ
Щַڣ廥٣ܸңܿϯһ籩ֻҪ˱ٽҷٷ߻Ǳٷ֮עҪһô˵ʵ׼ȷһұȽ϶Ծ
ɡɡԽɡɡʲô̫ͨͨʦ˺ˣܷʲôУʽֻһնУû١
ȻһһӣôһɱҲһӱȽ϶Ծ͢ξξξˣϵµС007ʽӸ泭նһİࡣ
ñȽϺɫĬĽǶȿĻⷽʽͦһõģ̫ʦʽѸپ˴ƸΪֵĳҲѸɾ˻ɱ汾£δؾԼҲһģת޵۾ˡ
½ӻǵģ룬ʵ˵ҲԣҲֻܶڲ˵Ƭ¾õΡ
Ϧ£㷹ԻؼңٳǰذʸˣȻûְɹͲ˼Ұһ١
صԺǰͿڴԿ׵ʱںȻҵĽŲ
һСʿ鳤Ĵ£ӣǰ˹ȥ
ҵܲǵĿެ϶֯üҲ˳ٳǰƺ˰ǫһ䣬Ҫ֡
һСʿӾͷͣǸСٵĿԺţξţ
ԲԲԺ˳ֲ̿ص˵ͷ׼˵ЩʲôʱСٴһ˾Ϊ壡Ѳ
ƺ̨û죬һ¿ǣȻûҲ
޺ɹʱһ𡣲һϵˣǶھӻסһϵĲˣ׷׳Χۡ
ƺƴģȻͷСԲϴһȭһ˲㽫û
Ծ򱳺󣬽ҪںĺڲʱüȻһۣҡҡͷ
㣿
üܻӣƬ̺һƣֻţֽżȣžƺģƷʱ޲ͬ
ʮ·Զ˼˵Щʲôֻʮڣ֪˵ЩʲôȻСٶЦˣһƣʾ¼ҲԺȵƣϢһ¡Щ˺ȹƣʱҶûôˣŲƻţһƺҲû̫࣬Ӱ֣ıˡ
Ⱥ߸ɾеĽַھһ˲䶼˳żſڡ
üӣΪѽѵ˾ٷŹ𣿡
ŹǼõģһַ˵Ҳžд˲ʲ֮ͽ
ü˫۾ϦҲСʹ˵ЩԭҪ֮߱ȥģȴѣ˵ﲢ޼֮ͽ˾á
ˣٷ˵ǵ취ȥһҲ̽ʵ
ֵиڡ
ҪЩʲô
ֵĽַھǶһæҵżƻһƬУеȻ
ԡ
ôԣ
㻹ǵ˵ʲô𣿡
һ£Ȼ˺˵ʲôĳЩ˵ˡԲϵһ̽Թ𣿡
ҲǶ̫ʦı⣬еƮƮģǵѾ˺ܶУ䲼֮ʲôҲǲġ
ȥҪԼȥˣǣ˵
ǴҩɾȣӦ֪Լʲôͣһ£Ȼе㲻ȷһ˿ԥȷʵҩɾȰɣ



55 
ҵӪŹƻһüĿ,ȻǵøС͵ҷгС,ҶӰס
˵ҪĲֹһ,ܵıõźá
⼸ھҲԻؼȥ,ʲôó¸ĺöûС
ȻǼͽıڣ,һսװ֮⣬ûʲôó˿ϡ⡭һ
ͷǸϻӣƻơ
ȻֻʮֳصʯͷһʲôζûС
ôҲСżĴ,ֱȥ¸ƺ̫á
Ҫ˿ϻӣı,ôһƯϻ,װ,Ҳ氡
ֹһ֮,ھڶȥܿһ
ʱ,ȿŵ̼ƻôٶ,ҪܵȣǾȥѰҪǲ,Ǿа
ȥ,˵ʲô,ҪǼʲôֵлߵ,öʳ,ʵû,ֱӸʳˡ
峿ʱƿţһɺ㴵˽
ƮƮһѩѩ䵽㻯ˮ
ֵŢУԼϵЬӣӲͷƤʳװƤڴһһسš
ĵ̻ôӪҵˣ˿ʱҲüΪɢîʱ룬߹һһĽֿڣӲǿҿӪҵĵ̡
Ȼ߹ģξµЩʿѺһһӵķˣӳǸͬɳȾĺˮƣҲͬһн
Ҳܷæڴ˳ӣáͼӵģͼȥʵʵعصġ
Щųӵ˲ʲôǳøһʿǲҲΪԼΪ˷ˡ
ЩȫͶϣĹܾȰԼЩ˿ˣΪԸάĹԱ˵û͵͵ػ¸һ⡣
û뵽ܻܸá
ʱɱ˾ҪɱУ֮ô룬ҲһżôζѣĻʵǲǶɱҪӦʱӦԲնֹ
԰ټƵķ˼ϼͬټϹֺ׼ʬԼĨᣬеķ壬Ȼټĳܼá
ءȡ֣ء𡤷٣
̫ʦлָܻյķʢԶ￴˲Ƭ̣ԽԽˣޣл赹ģдģк԰׵ģҲδܽǵġ
ԵķԭӦõؼͦߵģԺûʲô˻ﶨˡ
ΪֻͣƬ̣͸о˶ҪĵпһĻˡ
ŶҲûкôһȦ̽ˣҪͷٵŵº
֧һ棬һ̫ʦе䣬˪ѾñǰӲܶ࣬һ켸ٵʬѾǳƵط¼ޣˣʬɽѪöѵʹſȥ
Ȼص⼸ͱͷѰ˼ԸϽȥͤˡ
ȻʱεʱʱɧУʱӲķϡîʱǰͻ䣬ùʳҪôμӳᣬҪôȥ常̫ʦҪôȥӪһȦûµĻܻжױ
ȥ˶ͤĵһȵʱͻȻһ⡣
һһ㼼ܵû𣿡
һǵ˲ὫϣڸĽ漼ϡ
Ҹüϣʲôϣ
мֵĻежԼһ¿ǻҪһ㼼Ͷ뽻𣿡
šſڣŵͦͦأſҲҪ˵һҪҲܴϻƽ⣡
̫ʦסͨʱ޹УʱȥdżҲ̫ʦһ
ڿʼ֮ʼѡ̫ʦУǶϲ빬мλµСһˣȥƵʱЩ
ܺãʵڻʮףŮ֮£ٳͿԽ׼޽УΪһεĴ󺺻ʺڶ׳ڹˣҲռΪ˸ʱϤ
ոɢ˳Ķ׿ûڴ֮У˸ΪЩĳں￴dż㣬дӽΡ
֪̫ʦϥֻһӣǰźֱȥڶӣ籦񣬰üֱļϡǳ̫ƽǶȻϽȥdġ
ʱʿȻͨͤǰݼ
ȣ׿ԻŻؼһһۺ˻£
ƺЩգַ׿кȻЩõԤС
겢ݴʷš𡱵ģԭԸ壬Ӳ˵һ䰢ķ֮һĳ滰Ҳ˵˭ദԼʹһֶΣͽ£ˡ
֪ǲǸ߹ˣʱ򽲻ǲӵġ˵棬ûгǸһ֪ǳصйթ֮£֮ǣ˵ʲôĻ˭Ҳס
׿ԼҪ֧ݾύиӶ壬ⲻֵͣλʲôʲộ
ǻΪһС¡
常Щˡ˵Ϊͷ常ʵ
ݾľ԰д׿ŵģô˵һ̺ӣαؾΪ˵Цǲʲôί𣿡
ͷǡ
е㲻̫׽ӣ׿Ѿϰ˵ʽֺɫ£
ξȥ׽˸С˵ΪϾٷַھӣΪûҲ˵СĽַھӶǲݾ죬ξѰΪѣǳʲôᣬ常ָ㡣
̫ʦǿڰյһѵͨĻ´˶Ȼǹ˵£ǻ˵øί񣬸ӸˣӾԻԣҲ˳ᰵʾǡʲôˡˡᡱǻǸСеĲһٹ䡣
ǵ״ѾҪö׿жˡ
£Ϊ᳹顣ɤӣݾίġ
һ񣬡л常
Ϊʲôߣ
׿ǿȻɫ㻹к£
常ٴ룬˼ȥܲʷθ
Ϊ֪壬̫ʦ̴йıҶطġ
常Ǻģп͢Ĩ常
׿ʼ֣ʾˡ
常
ͤй̫ʦһ̴ӿǻС
ڲˣһȻߡ
̫ʦҲɵģѩ׷ף÷Ժｫδľ˼֮ǣҲҪžˡ
ߵԺһ÷ȴ޶ԣ˻
常пգȥ߶߶һСˡ˵常Ͼ˫Kҳ½ɻġ
úúã׿ѾƣˣΪ
ȻͣסˣԼʲôǳĻ
վ£⻰ƺһ£常ﲻˣ
סڣ׿һοԼ̺ؿھУ
˼Ǹ̴ӶͬЩʲô
½ƺصҪŭ׿ҪСĽҪЩЩһĶӶԴϸһһΪ룬ͬʱźۼġ
Ϊ룬Ȼˡ
Ѱͷ˳ţ˳˵ˣ常Ǹ
׿ţʱоѪҺһӳӣأߵ̴ꪣ׼Ǹݡ۽ĵģӵԴϣȫԸض˳ȥ
ꪵĺУ㵵˫ƽʱôɻ۾


56 
ɫ,ѩԽԽЩŢģʪ,ѪȵĶ,һѩȥ
վſ,ʱʱе,ҵĽ̳û⣿
̶ˣʲôã
Ҳ㲻Ҳû¸ƽʱͦ໰ģΪɶ˵
кܲԸش𣬵һǻӦ,һһ㰲ʡ
Ȼѧ̫飬Ϊ˼·Ǻõġ
һ,ú⻰û
ȻʵһƬѩ֮,İĳͻˡ
һڴسȥ,̫ʦΣ
ĬĬؿһ,û,ֱ˽ȥƺ²õʱ,̨׵һ㷴Ӧعͷ˸ʾŽȥ
̺̺,ֽ̿,ӷ,¯һ,һһůڡ˿˿,˾̱ࡣ
Ե̴ǰλմѩ,Щʪۣȵľƣңһظ˶䡣
ǲɣ˵ƽر̫ʦЩ粻չӦԡ
ѵ̫ʦ˽Ҳе㻳ɣǽڽǼǵ
˼һӦð
˵ЩʲôСĵʵɷתСˣ
°ͣҼ̫ʦ֮󣬱˵

˶ݵĳĬ֮У˵Ҳ˵Ҳ˵˼
˵ҲûⰡ룬ܿ׿ΪʲôҪꪣ
в
³۷ǣţ̫ʦЩã̽һ䡣
ҵûü룬ͻȻһĴȣӦȰӵģ
лǲ
ˣҲûʲôãȰһ䣬̫ʦȻѾˣôɡ
Ҫֺһˣ޷Ͷãϲʲô˵ʲôϲʲôʲôʲôʲôʲô˳һ㣬ʵ£֪׿ϲƣ֪ϲʲôƣξƸѾƣҲ֪׿ϲˣ֪ϲشƨԲĻϸģǹضŮɻƷ
ڶ׿ʲôʲôͳˣҪ֪ܲ㰤һ
׿߿г֮ˣĥһ£һ䡣
ȺˣϼһŹ飬ҪȥѰǴ
Ͻ˵Ӧȥ̫ʦĴ̽һ£ҪЩݽ죬Ҫ̫ʦ֮ˣԽ׽ԽԽã̫̽ʦϲãҲ̫ʦŭʱΪ˵һ
ȭУȻǸɿģ
ȻĿ佱лǲое飬һ䣬ô˵
۾ۡ˵
ѵıʲô©ɵʱ̴ӴҴ
̫ʦʹߵ
ոջһߺȾһֹͬһ˲״̬һ飡
ʹߴʶȲĿذڳһšԭɫѰ˵Ҳж̱Щ֮ӳԵζ
常ʲô˼Сĵؿһʹߣ常ãʹأ
̫ʦ˵֮ûиҹĳԹʹЦе˵붼ͤģ֮ͤ£಻عġ
ТԴϲ׿֮󲻽ЩȥϣȰοҹ꽫Ϊ˸һһܸҪξǳһûԩٴѾɱ˵ǲٰͷӻȥˣȻӻȥҲûʲôãûɱͨͨݻ̣ûķŻȥٰ
ʳǲܻˣ̫ʦݻɱ֮Ӻػм̫ĵظʳȻﻻֻҪԸҵΪūʳʱضˡ
ȻǸǵʮɫԭѾܰڣֻаһƵƹӳ
ƲϿ㣬ҲƽʱҲŭż߿൹˾׽ͬϵЩټûʲôӣҲټϵһ档
׿ʹߵʱվһ˲½д۾￴˵ĺ⡣
׿¹ȥ͹ȥˣƺҲôΪģͤʮгǸˣصġ
ǰһ챻ųģһȦҾҲųˣȻҲ˸ʮ֮߰ˣҶȻỹ캮ضģǳĺҲʱūͣǼ۵ȫȫβ˻
˵ξһʳȹѹأʣµľͿԼ취
£ַǸԳһЩ⣬Ҳ˵͹һ£˸⡣
Ȼձ´ŹؼףŹҹɣ²˵ʳľǣ
ҼұûУǾެҲЦһ¡
˵Ļﻹһ;ƣɴüҲʾһ¡
䣬ζرϤСֹ
Щ½ɾЯڶͤıְֻмɲˡ
ǣĪʿ˼ңǸһһҲϷɵӡ
㵱üһ;أǸެϽϾˣҰǫ
Ӵھ뵱ˣ
Ҫټһأ㿴½ɾʸϵģ
ĺܰԣ졣
Ҳǳ˼̻룬ÿһ굽˶죬ַھֹҲһ°ɣ
ƽʱ̿øƵСһѵʳóۡ⡢Щݿˣĥײڽӡ
֮⻹Ҫ׼ʲôţؾơợһγԵЩһڳ¼ҹ꣬ҼЦš
ʱǰߵģͣ˭
ȴӵĲ⣬ȥ˾ۼϻЩ߲ˡؽơһľŻѩʱڳһǣĴӰ
ǻ·ɣе죬Ե۾ˣһŸ߹̱˹һץס֣͵ܺڴҮ
㣬ɣһ£ֳ׽øˣȥͤս磡
ŽҲԼһѽ
ʱɿˣҴһȦ͵װĿʳģ
ͷǰ
ԶһЦЦûе㷢ë
Цʲô
͵ܴȽЩʳĽЩʰ˵ͤʱ
ƺʲôʵ̫ƥ£˵ˣ͵ܴȻȥǸ֣
ϵ𣿣
꽫صسգգۣͻȻӦˡ
޶ͤëǿ֣ţҲҪ޶ë
½㽫ʳĽüӣԼͬһȥ˶ͤϵʱһȺϲм䣬ֻһͷڣ½ۣеŵӡ
˭гõ·ͬͬţ
ʿͬȥ˾ͽҹ´˾ͽģ߽һ˵ʦݿΪڸǣ֮ţ벻ཻ
㿴еԻ󣬡ڵӺһԲз۰ѵǸ˾ͽܴ𣿡


57 
ͤ,ȥ˾ͽϵîһپƶǸ˺ȵġ
ǰŸߣ׼ʱ,ɺȻס,´
ôˣͷԼ˺üĴ̴ֲ,ʲô⣿
ڴ,һֺ˸˹Сֹ˼䣬ˡ
׺£
ɳһЦҪ˵,͵ôӦҲͬС
⻰еûͷû,ɶɸģ
ֻҪҼը죬ɵ˵,ûʲôĵط
꽫Цһ,ôը
ûôը,Ц
ɻ,ҪôڶͤԺ,ҪôǰԺͶǶһһ̵ĵˮƵ,кһ,½С,,־Ϳ첻ˣ
ȥ,ϲ˳㻹͵ֻĴ,ͱק˻ȥ
͵ܺ
ȥæ
һ,ףѰյأ
Ҳеû⣬͵ͼˣĥߴôһɷԸǸŸ˻ôϡͿıŽһƫҡ
һѶãһͷȻһ׾ų£ɾĽۣīʵأһͭԼһ˫佫Ƥѥ
ǰΪ͵׼ҵĲǣ˵ҿ͵ãδسŲһףڻҿ
ָ·оԼָеңΪɶҪ
˵˽֪͵ƷգϾף֮ʱ൱¹ڣȻ˵αԿ࣡
Ȼ˵Ҷ֪ҵƷգҲ֪ҳ΢ҺαطҪһһСĻ˽·
ɲͷˣӺɷҲҪ裡
ȻڶಢϵǲôһżʱҲչ¶ԡ
˵Ųϻ·ǰһ֣׼ѡ
ٶڳɹ˵ģȲʲô°Ҳʲô°
һȺòã˵·ǲ򲹶ģڱǰ·
ҵĺãһûѣгһ䣬˵ʵļԽԽˡ
ɺ˶ȥˣԼƫое顣
ҿûˣҲصʵûˣûˣҲûˣҲûˡ
õģףװڴȻ󡭡
һ佫Ϊʲôôһװһȹӵôģ
ϵ֪ϵأзԵļǡ
ᴩ𣿡侲˺һ䡣
зˡǺաҪ·һᴩġ
Ͳµظɻ·пһ䣬Ⱥүĸҿ֪ˡ
͵ܣˣ
ѧأûػһ䡣
澲һеɣʮСĵ˳ŷ˽͵ǲǲ£

ϸʵ˳ûУ۽ëҲҲͦȻ紵ɹԵʣϵȫԱƤе֣ǹɳľ۾ҲɣЦҲϲҲûʲôѪζ֮ͦһСꡣ
һ߰·һпһӰ
֪ʲô˵Ҿ̫ˡ
û취ֻҪһδ֪Ů֮Ǹ۱ѵӣҾ;ãұøɱˡ
֮ʳʳ֮Զ͵ﶼתʲôײͷۺú󣬺´һѽ͵δɣֻҪһ·֮Ȼ
͵Ҳ¶һ̫Ȼ΢ЦǶлˡ
ʵͦģкֵܻزһ䣬ֻҪԼÿ¶Ҳûô
ɳƫʱ˶һӵĹǱˣһߺȾƣһͶʱͶ˼治ʲôС֮Ķʸӽȥײͭײͻᵯҿ׽סصļʸﶪܶʼ
κϷмң߼¼ʮߴɱɱ
˵ʱһλˣͶһʸ෴³档ôһ¡
е棬أ
һ£дξ˴ԼʮΣ֮ȡˡ
ԺҲˣ
ԺҲˡ˵ЩϷԽԭûʲô˼
Ǹȫ츳սϵš
Զ㣿κһľû׼ֻźضʸԣ
Ҳóⶫ˰֣ǽǡ
ŲҴ²֮УʸںҲ
ɶ˼
ﱻһֻʸΧΧӿ̽Եضһ£ûͶС
ϧϧɺܿĵصһȣ½ɾв֮°
ͶȤǻ˻֣ȥⷿȡЩע
˲Ҳ
񱭡ɺ˲ӡ
ʮͶһֻʮͶһֻ񱭣ʮͶһƥͶһ೤ɺ
˷ܵش˴צȻʼŶͶ
κ߶ʮͶʮͶκԽʮͶɼֵʱ䳤һ㣬˶ʮͶʱԽŲҲеҡ
ҿ˳վһΧۣҲŶӣҲ³
߽Ϊʲôأ
˳תͷ׼˵ʱΧһȦ
ڶʮͶʱû׽סصļʸǸԵˡ
ͷðĹȡһ¼ʸݸԡ
Ҫ񱭡أɺ͸ˣܳҴ̨ϵĶ
ƺʲôЦ˵аͶɵҪЩʲôʹ͡
ɲƵĿ˲ַɹˡ
⻹һֻͦгǸĹӡ
Уԡ
ǶȣӼʸ֮ǰ͵͵ԼһŵĨ͡СϷ֧ʸɵضͭٴһǶȵ˳һ̣׽УٶһΡ
ԼǸĿ꣬ܶʼƺҲҲٻеƣ룬ǰβѰҽǶȵĳ֮ҵһԹ̶ĽǶȣԹ̶ľ롣
ڶֱȥϯʸľ룬Ҳһ嵽֮䣬׼˹֮ͱһСʵͶ Ϸ
ƺԽԽȣʼˡûֻܷﶪͣһֱʸĹһƫ롪֪ζͭײó˰ۻԼ־⣬ΧһƬžÿܳԼļϵͳ
һμʸ׽УûæŶȥҿ˿
ˣ
һٶʮͶκıе㸴ӣͶʸʱʲôأ
ʲôҲû룿
Ƿ׷׿ʼҲ
Ǹ첲ȣȥջĶһģһģƵģˣκ
͵ܹȻţܰͶֲоϣɡ
ɾʲôأе㲻Ǻɡ
һƬʱؾһ£һԿֵͷǲҪɺҪʲôʹأ
ܣڿ۾ƺеʲôڴ˳ҲԱߵϯվһؿκҲڿü
ָое֣ƺѾ²⣬϶ҪʲôϵԶЩͬķӦ
´ǻڵСˣʣСܴ𣿡һڴأ˵Ҫʹ͡


58 
ҵҹǲ᲻óԵ,ʲôƬµĳﾹȻƬɳԣҲһ
ʳ̿ԡҪΪǧغ̫ʦپٱ,Ҹźһ´,Ҹźһ˼ͣǵл,һһ
޲õȥ,ûҵᣬòѲƹڿԿԣ,ؼ,Ѱ˼һɫ˱ǵĵķۿأȺһޱȵļ,ȻȻĿȽջ
ĿѰĿʱ,˹һ,һ
ɾ߽,ɱgR,С֮Ⱦ֮ġ
ԲʲôϡŹֵĶҪȣΪɶ͸߽ˣ
תһҲ,һɺôֵٰʮ,ֻҪʣļ,ȷɳƸ߽ڡ
ôе,֪˵Ҫͷˡ
Ǿһ,һ,ź΢Цһ,Сƶֵ
Ǻɵ͸ˣͮͮģ
ڰƶֵδɼҰˣκµɼҵ޶СҪչʱ֪Ҳˣ
Ҳûκôˣͬɺһƺ󣬻ǳջκһ䡣
СδڣҲ׼ɼңҿҿλҲδء
ô˵κĿͲܿص˸˳һͱɸˡ
㻹֪Ҳףҿʱ㲻ƼǹҼСģ
κ˼һ£û취
Ϳʼɫظҽλôôôһ㶼ˣץʱڿ⣬Ȼٳɡ
κոΪʲô˸߽˵㿴ѵδɼ𣿡
ɶžƾĬһСյ߽ԭһµġ
Ȼ󣿡
ƽʱһӶ̴ʯɱˡ˵֮󣬸߽񡣡
һʱ벻˵ʲô۶ǡ߽ҡɽյˣ꽫ЦЦ
ߵضĲ£Ҳ㲻ʲô
û⣬֪ʲôˣ
ǽأ˵Խ俴ҲӦóɼˣ
˼һ£ҡҡͷʮʱʷ㱻ţҲҿѡһźף±ˡ
ˣ׼ȢŮԶ쳰Цһ£˫۾Ƴ˹ƺ˵ʲôȻһЦ͵أδꣿ
˲ϽҸʣ
ǽѰʲôӣ˵㿴κϲģƺϲһģЩʿǵȲŵŮɣأ
ƺסˣɶžƾ¶һ˿ã˺һ
಻֪˵ʱ֣פر߹أټʲôˣԸΪһ͸
ʱüëµ͸ƺһģ꾲ԣҡ
κ͵͵ˣǻԼδӾǺòɲδ졣
ʿͻȻµչǴʱԶƽ˵ֶδڵｲԼδҪָʲôķˣƫҲǸ޺
塤áЦ
ΪһŮ㣬ǶֳߣɾͲˡ
ͷһμ¶߷ߵı飬ͷϵͲν׷κˡ
û£οȢһŵġ
ùϯҼºȾƣøϽˣ֮ǰûǰ·ˣ˳ȥȡ
һӣʾܰᶯ٣ᡣ
Լһ£ظ300Ҳ˵ܿö136ٿǵһͷƤ֮ͨҲ30-40⡭
һͷˣû˼ͦ˵Ҫ鷳ҲУҲö
һͷƤʱܳһ͡
͵Ϊλ·
·ȥ̫˵ҲŪࡣ
˼ҪţȻֺһ
Ϧ£ɫĹ˶ͤǰɨøɸɾʯϣҲ˳·һϡ
͵ܽһٶʮͶν֮Ϊ磬Ϊֻһͷأ
Ҹʲôûס
磬ǰһ˫۽͵ıһеְλ
룬ͶǸϷ𣿡
û⣬ƺһ£ӢͦԵе
¶˶Ͷ˵ҲֻǸϷ
˶ͤ̾ûɨˣ߲Զ¾ͷ˻ѩ֨֨
ĲЬҲˮܿͱѩʪӽ䳱ʪϢ˽ﻹůġΪϿһͷ
ˣһߣһֹ˵ʲô𣿻ҲȺ
ȷʵͦȺġлһ䡣
̵˲ĴκеĲۻͦº͵ġ
ǰ½յʱַھǿе㲻̫˳ۣپƷܻأ֪Ϊɶǿеӡ
ǽ첻һ߽żҵʱһٶʮֵӭܸɣӢϲͨµɱ﹫Ӱ㶼
ɾȻһְֻ˽ŵжֻ򣬿ʼҪ
ų𣿡ʣɺóˡ
аü̧ͷ˫۾⣬ɾаϢ㣿
ڻضͤȥҪȻǲǲ̫ô˵ҲӳһٶʮͶأһֻټһȻǷְۣɣ
ҷ˴ӼЩϣ̫ȫҲȷʵеݳޣоһ£ȣģһԺܶԾ
żҵķʵãǱʱԪˣڴԴ˲ϯ򡢹ư裬һӶʮ˼һ𣬾ȻҲơ
һһȦţʱȫᣬнգȫ̸λڽȣ˶
ҲûʲôҷЦе˵Ź󡣡
Źǿе֮ˣд˱üҲܻ˵
Ӵ֮󣬱Ȼȫ̹;ˣ
ŹþȣȫԩˣҲŹĸܵأô˵Ŷͬġ
һƣȻʼϲߴߴ
Ȼֻһ㣬ͷҲ˵㼪
̫ȷ˵ʲôȽϺãʺС
һ伪㿴ɲɣ
ʲô
Źһȥ̫ʦʹˣ֪ȥˣܶȼ

𣿡
ڽѯʱѾ߹ˡ
һţ׼˵ڣǧһ֮ʣͨһ¾˸
͵ܴ֪֣ܲص˵бжţǶͤΪ˵Ȳݽ棬ܾˣ͵֮
ܺãе͸һظľϽˣǵ˵伪


59 
ʵܶ,ÿ˷һһ⡣ǳ̶ҪԵ̡ؽ֮⣬мɲ˺,ͺֵóƵˡ
ʮһ,Ҳܹܹԣÿʮ,еװ,еװʵû;ˣøչ޾Ҳܴպһ¡
˵ʵչ޵䲻,û뵽ܻڰ
üƳһ,ʲô
ȷʵףެ̾,ױ,ҾʮƵġ
ǱΪɽҪˣɩΪŲٳִ¶İɡͬĴȤһ,ҿƸױƵҲ̫ء
ŸԵСյ˷Ŀ,һʱе,Ŀ⿴ߵɣǾЦøˡ
,ľͺáɡ
,Ҫ˵ҲῡһСɾҷˡ
ߣǰǫ
ʲô,ެϵ,ܰȵסݲ¾ͺ,ٹ,˵۾ͱȲ׼γ,Ҳ֯ˡ
˸ͷ֮󣬡ٹꡱͳһʮŵĻ⡣
ҪҵŮļױϴ˴룬˵׼һﻹøɵְ
ҷһڳǽˣҲãֵҲУŸСׯ԰ܲ¶ڼȻ̫ʦˣ꿪ʱؼ۸Σ
üڴ½ƵĻƸһ䣬ڸؽѳɱΣЩʳţ
ǫջ쳤ӿһС򣬵ǰ佲ûпרĵŽӳԣ
檵ûô࣬ʱͬЦеؿ˵һ룬Ȼסˡ
Σ
ȻϯҴææܳȥˡ
ͬǶһǰӪУϾؼҹ꣬ü׷ȥˡ
ôǫԼӾܵСǰ
ãһڴؽƣ빻ԣԵĻﻹС
С˿ӣֿ˿ôá
ѽʲôܺƺһ㣬̱ȥԼĽƴС򣬡Ե㣡Ե㳤øߣ
ΧĬ۾ؿһĻެϺɡ͸Ƶġ
ŸɸɾСеˣǫܵܡ
û£԰ɣ
ſոûصԼλϣϸϸֿˡ
ɸ磬ҳԲ꣬㡭
һ߳ԽӣһҲ񿴴һĬ۾񣬽ζŰǫϵ˺ѷΣʹ顣ʱͬĺüˡ
ͬӿаɣиеһ䡣
üЦذ˰ָָ֣ͬĵθڲãﵹǻмյ棬ǳŲζǴ˴ԼȥЩɡ
Сϱˢˢطղ˳ͬ£ʼע
һƬѻ鸾ŮԵĻУֻüǲԵеΥ͡
ǫôˣ
һյƣֵֿңĿڿ޵øèƵģŤӲԸ˵İǫϣ˵ˣ᲻ߵòԸʱ⣿
ᣬ˵úҸ
Ͼ⣬µϵʮ˶Ϊɵ£ãҲؿһӡ
ȥãһƺصϡǶ֮⣬Ҳе㲻һˡ
ָоֵͦģƽʱҲŽףϵֳֳã³ôһװһ㡣
˵޵һ˿˵ʼһѬ㣬˵ȾƸĺȲˣ˵һЩСˣҪ֪ȻҲʲôųƽʱȫһֱУֱö乷ˣͻȻʼѬ·оʲôʲôĽ۱Ƚϴ̫ˣ
һֲϷˣ˼һеŮɸɸһ飬ڷǵ̸ǣǵ·Լǻٽҷ˭Ⱦ
һɹ֮󣬻淭ЩõĶһʾ֪Ǻ͸е͵͵ǣ֣ûʲôϸֻһŮеĲãһζã㱻Ϸ˵ɶŮȥŮһѱһı֤͵ͭû˼ұ
жκˣС檼ɹ˺ü죬κΪ嶯ϹЩ΢ٶС޹أǹµҰŮˣǿʼѰһᣬЩ̴һʡ
٣仯ȡ򶼿ǵˣ
ЩԭǺûʲôϸģκ˾Ȼսȥʹʵر¡ƽ˵ǸģÿκȾƶҪţȻǸģκ˴ЦЦؿȻ飬˵˵
˵ʲô
С޶ۣͷϹϾС˳ȥ֪δ˵Ļ
ߣκһǾ˵˵ȾʱЩʲô
ЩģڡҾȢһһôôּĻ⡣
취룬ˣСΪոǿŽ븮еģԽ˽£С˲
ո˵꣬һֻŵģŮԵֱ˹̧°͡
˫ɲ۾һһ磬ϸϸش
˹ô찡ҪǿǸŮôƺӶϴˣ
ҡУ취װ㡪
κջֱ֣ӣӸµƽͺܶࡣ
ģȷʵҲǸɫ˵ġ˵ˣЩá
κˣûǸȺ̴ǷѹĲҲõһݣ⡣
Ǿˣͺܵ衣
һϵеķΪһĵõ˴𰸡
ѾܾòȾˣһȾƣȾơһ߽ķʱüĿķ꼸һ֪
Ƕ£˵Źϡ
ȻйŮһңոǷŻ׼ıʲô̫õ顣
Ȼ֮ȥһ»صϯϣ˹ȥ
ղƽϹҵ̫ʦ׽֮ô
ǣʣüĿˣ
Ĭһ
۾һǺ°ʲôջ񣿡
ֳĬһر죬رžֻĺֱ¿ڡ
̫ʦǰһӣǼ׽һŮġ˵Ůóޣȷǳһ˫
۾ʹˣҲúܲԾ
ͻȻ䲻شһ£С֪ŮˣȻأ
ͻȻһĨΡ
иõԤУֵضԺ˵
̵ģǺܻ֣ø𰡡
ύŮӢ䣬ĽңǼ̫ʦdҵԡ
찡
ΡΡ֣ԼֶͣϽ֡žشһ£ǿһ㣬С֪Ů˽飬ôͲؽСˣȻأ
롢ᡢ顢繵ıһ˲ȥˣתһۣոдϢŮΪ̫ʦһֻ񱭣ȥˡ
ƺ˵Ǹã
ԡ
Ĵ𣿡˵ǿ˵ǸŮˣһ׮¾˽ˡ
֪׿֪֪Ů֮£Ҳ֪׿ɱǸŮΪ˰̲
˵öԣеƮƮģ׿Ҳ֪һжǸŮ֮սᣬڲ
Ҷ첻ʶɡˡ
˻ԴһѵĲ˳ȥֻһ仰˵
˵ò


60 
ܵ˼ֲͬ˺
һڸΪ,ҲΪ翵磬ǰչֵģǼ,һ,ȴԾľĿΪһǾơ
ǳǳ,ҶƬ,۽ӾԺ޼ʮĻݺҶ±Ľһӳ
ƺǸûܵˣ²ɶԣΣյĻʱ,ҲǸ߹ڲ,ʵ̬޶һ˿Ľ
ǿ翿£,ʹĳλáԼ,ЩңԶô˲Ľ,磿ؽӴ,ƺҪ֮ʱ
֪,ԼǸߵص佫ĸҡ
¡
ƺûɵ,ǴݲȵؽԼ֮,źͻؿڡ
֪,ΪγзҽԸύ
ǱȻΪղ֮,ֵ̫ʦ֮ʡ
ƺ뷨,ǵЦˡ
,ΪҪȵڲ뽫
һã֮,̫֮ʦƺ糣ܾ㷡
̫ʦ俴˽֪̫ʦΪصģԼ֧ǼСսʮı
һ˲־ãԼո벢ô׼ȷ
ʵԴһ͵ɳƣԵÿºͣУ·𴺷绯һ㡣
£Ըн֮ġ
ºʩ˭᳤
ƾصЦһЦξȫǣѵ˲֪̫ʦ⣿
һ˲з·ԭύҪ£ðԣԵʣҲɣһˣ˷ΪıֻǼвʵ̰ˡ
ߣɽҲЦе˵ôһ䣬ʵ֮ģҽ֮ԷƱ
ʵ֮ģҽ̫֮ʦأԾɢһ˼άʲδȥִ磬һ²̡
װżд̵ҰˣԼһϸĿ㣬εʮ־ϸҲƲҡһҰ˳ȴζǡô
﷭ȥԵ÷ͬѵ֪ʲôϣеҰ˴ͬ
ּһ꣬ɻϸϸ׽ţڶ˼飬΢Ц
ΪW
šͲݡΪ¶ߣ
˵˵ͷȻ˼Wĵʡ
Ұ˵ģڵûⶫȻóԣȻҲ֪ҰζҪĳӣҪĵζϡʣڴ֮ʱĵĿһζҰˣ̸ЦʫĵʣеİҲеõĻ档
Ҫǣܵǹº͵ǹϢקȥϴָоڶ£ʹʱ£׿̬ҲԶʴֱöࡣ
ο붭׿ĸѾ䵭쳣Ʋݽ棬ƿܳأ
ƽĴʵãѩոڣо޾Ĵꡣδй̹ǵĴ꣬·߹չĴϢһһΪǸϿĶ죬Էˡ²İգҲ޵ҡ
ʵ۶ˣⳡͳ˶ҡģҡ͢Ĵ¡
˶еţǶ׿ѾɱһʵۣһʵҲУôضиֵӵΪۡ
֪ΪݣȺµۣ׿񲻳Ĺ
Щ׿Ƣ䱩꣬ȴУȫҽʦץ˹Ϊʵۿഺ굼µĳߣ̫ʦ˼ࣿ
ҲŸŮ˽ͨʱ붼룬¡ʵǼӦжˣҪ֪Ǽǧݾ㲻ʲôһΪ֧ΪˣҪǰһùˣ
ʹˣ̫ʦ룬Ȼι˾֮أƱΪݣдʵıǮʹͣҡβ
δƢΪŮ֮£ӷΣǣΪɽÿһζֻŵŵö֮׿Ҳ֮Ժˡ
ȻпԵģΪ˻ʵ۵Ĳ飬ʳζ޲ϯʲô˼ȥһأ
ôأ
¸סҲˣӲò£ҪЩѹסʡ÷ƫңƷһҵ徻
ӻ̫ˣѰ϶ʵۣǿϸڷзԵ
ʮְȣ뷢԰ףλȸ߻˼뼹˿΢΢ǰ㣬ȥõĲΪһ롣
ַһеĽ룬ڷо̣ȴһƫӷϮһ衣䲻һüĿȻʱȻη֮飬΢΢һЦʱø׺
ʵȷеףԼķհ̰µؽ˳Ů֮ǵ£Լ֮ǰΪ׿ɱǼ¡
ΪԼδȫж½䱸֮ģЩ½Ҳһ̽Ҫʵ̬ȣվڶ׿һվԼһֻҪ֣ȥﵽʲôĿġ
ֻƮƮǸ⡣
룿
˿һۣԹԵؽƺȫȻδһ㣬˲衣
Լǵ˼λǰȫȻûʲôã˾ͽƺֻȲ裬Ҳֻһɧˡ
һΪ˱ߴ˶ڼţˣȲ裬ʲôأ
κΪӡ˰죬˵һ仰
˾ͽЦЦҲͬ飬ʵТһ㡣
ТҲТ׿ǾϯеƨƵģض˶ǵСҲ
һƬȭȭ֮ģϾҪ˼ȫ̫֮߰ʦ⣬ϧʵȰ棬Ͼνӣ
Ȼ̧ͷ
ˣԶһס
̨ʱѾ¶ģίظܹɱ׿й䶼֧عͷȥ׼ʵʱݵһ¡
Ǽϸֱձʪ۴䶼ʵϣ°ϵĺҲڷбʪˣվ̨ϵʲδԳǱ
˸ӱֱһ˿һҲڷ꣬͵̬һˡ
̬ǺڸΪıлģ룬ʷ̬ΪԸһоôʷܵ취ͦȥ
һ˲䣬ƺ׿ǿһЩǲǽǮЩͳģ
ϳ׵߽֮ǰȻԼĸ￪ᣬҪκִͣҪ߲ѷԶǵȿɿ֮ˣԼ
ȷ֮ˣίΣ
ﶭɡվңң筺ɫϵӰֱһ̴ҲʧڷУתУûлشǸ⡣


61 
ⶫƺе㽿,ʱ¿ѣ»ʪʱù̦˹ܵһ̿,ʱʱЩʿϵһ֮,Դ̿£ַ꣬˾˯
ҵˮ֮Ͳ뿪ˣһҪ﹦
̿ߴů,޾Ѱ˿Ͳ,СɽƲϯ˯
˳߽ʱľôһ,Ҳ֪ǴѰͲ,ôŰ¾õƲϯק˳˯þҲʮ̤ʵ
꼴ʹ˯֮ʱ,Ȼǰѽ˳ˡϰߵ˾ʲô,˯Ҳܰȣ˿ص㵹ڴ,,ֻһ֡
½㡣
˯㡣
Ǹ߽,ȥ,ؾס졪ǵн𴲾ֱϽ,ӦȽϿġȻ۾ˣ
,ȥһȭ
,,߽½뽫ȭͷջǱ˳ôץŲ֣һض
ˣ˯ʱ¹͵Ϯλ˾
ڿһ飬˳Ƕȭͷֱӣʰϣ
ʰˣʰˣϽ۾Ž鿴
ɹϣϰšǣ˳˵δʱڴ̰ΥҾ
˫۾һӾˣί߽Сˡ
ڸ˳˿̸û˼ѧʲôţոֻǿȥ𱸼䣬ɫѣ˵⡣
Ѱһˣ̸
ȥͤҪˡ
˳ңǿ˳Ҳ̫£·꣬˳ڴױǾͳ鷳
ʹˣ̵λͲһ˿㣬ˡ
һشӳⱼУΪκκԽһȺӦöڵģû뵽ֻΧŸ̿ڿ
ӣææ˵̿ǰ뿾һԼûû·ʱȻʶûк
ƺʲô£еϵôе㷢ë
Žǣ
γѣȻ֣ȥ͵ܹ
źܲӡȥʱƺҪ֣һһ߶߶һЩĥְ͵ƽʱ֮Ļ
ǵ˶ǳֱͬΪֱȻ˲õԤС
أ
û̧ͷҲʲôԾңѰ߽ȥ˵ٳ
ǻСǰΪ£
꽫ЩʮֹΪͺȻͣһ¡
һɱжҪٸĸ
׿УضʿʮˣЩޱȡҲԾһʮʿʿŻд̣䳬ȺһɱֻƲ
ⳡɱжУҪĲɱ˵ĸΪȨʧףĸ
߲ѷ֮ˣԶ½ػɡ
һˣò⡣
Ϊ£й¶ȥҪţ½δ֣Ǹһ۶ѣί֮ĸأ
ҲǸȰ棬ð׿ԣ˳գйҵӡ
Զۣ
½нڸţȻŵɲ˼ز»𲯾ٷ
ڴˣ˵ԭҲԽ»ա
˼˺ܾãڻȻһ
ԸͷΪá
Ϊһ㣬벻ʲôģҲ벻ıֱӺ͡ɱڡҹġûɱ仹ֿȴɱϣյжҲɵġ
ʣܻʱʶҲһ̬Һˣ㿴Ҫôҵΰɡ
ǡ
ڹ߲ôõƫܶӣڿŰԵĽһֱ޷˿
֪ܲ˵ҹһ£رϸض粻
ﶭӣ˵֣λ֮Σ
Ͷ׿и֮壬˽Կɱ׿ΪǸ˳
¿තӣг֮͢кβɣɡ
ݱѮտɴ֮κΣǸ˳
һϦɶѮƽɡ
ʡûȥůϯϣžžવʼĳЩܾԶһӵ¡
˵һ׷һ̴󳦣һݿ˶
ɺ͸˳̫һ£˰죬޿̵ˡ
㣬أ
Ҳ̫˵˵ﶭ𣿡
²ֻйҡʶطһ䣬ˡ
һֻʮƲģ£ֺܵĹֲ֧հǰ˺岻Ĺӡ
තӡȻ˵
仰һ˳ɶת
˵ǰ𣿡ϲŭضģ
Ǹϲˣ仰һӾˡ
׿رǨǣһ·ʬۣһܴ̫ʦĶأ
ﶭЩʲô
һ˼·˵Ǹˣ˵߼˵
Ȼ˵Ĺϡ
ضȺ۾֮⣬ǵ𣿡½˵׿Ѿﲻ˰
ȻվЩƲͻûʧ̼ɢˣϸֳһȻصɫ
ҡ
ĲǹҵŷȣǸ档
ûгֵ֧͢ıߵ佫ǱƲģףսպգֻҪûҵϿɣͳǧȴΪһء
ڴ󺺵Ĺϵͳֻתְıһغ󣬲пܼϣֱλҫͥ
·ģҪǰɵòĶ
ûʲôҪԥģ룬ֻʣһĲ⣬ҪѰһЩĵģµģˡ
дɱ£Ϊʿ
һڣͺˡӹû˵ܵʿģҲҪɫգԷȫСУܳ¡ûңҲԽɫȤǸȫ޷ʿˡ
½һԼ΢ȴƾսȡһϯ֮ء
ûԼЩӵ˼£̲סȥ룬ǷбϿɣίʶ֣޶ĵأ
ɰ½ûôʹӦˣ춯֣
š
Ϊξͬˣ˵һ˵㡪
СʲôҪСֻΪ˱ѡ˵
𣿱˭ĳ𣿡оԼͲӿһ㣬˳ûҸǰǸɱģҪ׿𣿡
⻰룬ʮɵЦ
СйһλˣҲǸɱģСҪΪ𡣡
ֹͣת
½ּͣͣˡ
֮⣬кܶˣСҲҪΪǱ𡣡
һʱеΡ
ƺˣ˵˼ҲΪԼ˽£ɸһȥɱ׿ʹˣҲҪһʲôСŶԾ
˺һĴ֮һĴȣ֪ʲôˣ

뿪һ˸ͷڹҪ˵ȷǸͷڣһ֪Ƿãë˲ôݵܴĶ
Ʒи߽࣬ԣгЦδˣⶥǼƵġ
ɶɶ˵ɶ½ͫ׵𣬡˵һ飿
ⶫȻƽܴŵģžһòͷ֡Ժй䡱֮ļСؽǸԴϣһλΣø˳ɿ
һĻƺɺ͸˳̫ۣж̲סˡ
ǿʲôкܲʡ



62 
µĲת,ϲɺأΪ֮չգ̫ʦҲһˡ
ȻղôӵĲ,͢ȷϲ,޲ٸһδ֡ٺ顣
ΪףȬбҪδٰһγᣬҪϯһγͽᶼ̫ʦǮҪ¡ص,ʢ,ҵ㡣Ҿ̫ʦߵ͸¶Ϣ˵̫ʦȷ鼫ã׼ɱˣ׼һĺǵδ¡
˵Ѿʮ,̫ʦŮμҲѼǡλŮɳ߹,浾,ΪɫӲУμǰ̼,Ӹжѡ
еĹŮҲΪμкڳ,Կ,Ѱ,ɿһʺЩʾ۳һ,̫ʦο,ڳ֮ǰ,Լ,ӳʱ,ҪһǮŮΪʷ˿ʺ
ⲻΪ˶ףҲΪԼ̫ʦ룬ǻʺ游ӽǻʺ常ҡıڸΪŹһƬ꣬Щ¿ʱҪػض
ЩĶ֣
̫ʦԼֶ˥ϵŬǳʱɫֻ̫ʦкܳһ·ǲòʱףųŬǸս֮Уʹġ
복𣬶̫ʦ̲ס⣬׼ڳ˯һȵδ빬ʱɫܸһЩǻȺϣҲѹһЩ
δ·šˮһʪأѹڼͷϡ
ˮˢ󣬱ҴϲɨȻɸɾÿһשʯϴȥİɳչ¶ǲıĿݵӭһʷ¼
ǵĳͣڱҴţ벽δ£ժϵ
ſڵĻԭɾܵصѡʮΪһ࣬ɽ֮ǰֵࡣȻյĻɲЩݵľܶɣһȺĬԵĲˡ
ףֳֳꪣް٣ĮȻʱҲûʶЩɵĿİ
¶ĺ˳죬ɽ֧ʿȡ˶ʮ׳ֽǹֹƺһӦ׵Ͳ½һɣʹ²ִУҲ˻ᶯ֡
Ϊ͢·γһصĬ˾ͽ䣬ﶼξɽЩڶ̫ʦߵѽıﱸϣֻ̫ʦ֣ܶ׿ȴԻȻ֪
¿ත׿ӣһо֮ˣҲΪϢƺƴĴɱжһ֡
½ĵһ룬һ΢ŤŤӣоֳֳվڱҴڳ䵱ѾþãʵѪҺѭǲӷˡϾĹע⵽ʿСͶֵ𱸵һƳ
Ŀ⣬Ϊǰɫĳ֮У߳һӳݣᣬƷǷ
һμ׿
ƽ궭׿ʱԶԶؼһΣ˵λĸߴòã׳ԶΪ塣
ڶͤȾʱҲ䣬׿̡ĳµĴս֮λߵ˽͢ʹ͵вȫַµĽʿ
Ϊ򼺣ʿ׿仰һͬ£ú Ϊ֮̾
Ϊ伺ʿʣһǼŷɥİս֮Щڴܹһ㣬ٽһĿλб뺷²ƵķBOSS
϶ģ˵ǷBOSS˵ǸȱˣԵúƣ۴͸ңǿŶ̬ǳнʱʯשϻҡʵʵҲйɵҡ
ⲻʲô˶Ĳ
²ʱ׿ĳٽˣﶼξͷһۣꪳȥ
һƬ
ʮʿɱ׿Ǹ׿֧ӡ룬˵ѪصĻս˵߱ڵ׷ɱٱ˵ǰȻһҲû뵽ǰס֧Ż׼ӭսӣóگʱЩ˱־غˡ
گ಻ۣ
ǳϹ̱ڵϣŬҪΧԲʮ֮ڣȴĽһ㣬֮⣬һǰ
̫һ㣬ϵʯ·ȻʮֳʪҹĻˮ̫ʦڳ˼ССˮżϲУֿһЦⶼûУֻһɭȻ⡣
Ǹڷ̧ͷӣϻ˾ԼޣƺҪſ죬ǻһ˿δӿʱĳñ֮Уתü֮ͣ⣬ûü
ЩĻʿڼһĻʱȻ˭ҲûǰΪǵ˾һҡ
˵𣿡һƬУȷ˺һ䣬Ҹոû塣
˵˰ɡв̫⣬Ǹ׿еˣ̱һ硣
ﲻʼˣ
뿪ľӿʼ˵ˡ
ʵ֤ŵЧǿɸ߿ɵ͵ģڶ׿ɱڱҴſʱһݼӷʸΪگѾдòӸӡ͵ǰĻʸ
СδһͰˮǰѪϴɾʱǧɻʸԴų˳ǣֱdȥ
Ӷʱ½̧ͷ˿졣
֪ǲѧԵʣµͣˣ̫ĵͶһ⣬Ƭѵϡ
꣡꣡꣡
δܿ촫麺ÿһ䣬ͷ
˼Ļ֮Уֹǰգʿ˺͹Ҳ߷һ裬ʲôҲãҲգͨͨ˾⣬ˬͷÿһظҴ߷ҲŲһ㣡
һ·ԼСʱѾϦ£̻ûӣԶԶͼƽʱ־ϰҲ﷢裬еⶼóַָھˣ
նףͬ죡ϲϰر𼤶֣ɾϲʲôţ
һ㰡ϰ
վ˵ҷγһ㣬һ֣ܽԺȻϺһĺôͷ
һʮͷرúе㲻˼ҪʱҷʹһѾ
շΪңЦһЦŴδɣΪҼҴɡ


63 
ͷ,ⶫʵͺѸ죬ȥëǳ蹤ߡ
ҲæŽ,ԼҲ˵С,Թ֮£һϵھߴߴһŬͷëôֱҹ֮ʱ˱Źŷȥ˵оۼɢİΧ۶̫ʦʬ,Ǹơظ,˾ͳԳԺȺȣԱټ̤ɶġ
ʵͦѹúͻ,˵һССĲ㡣ΪһŮװ,һҹЩˮϴϴ̵,Ǵ޵ż˭˯ͺۡ
ƫ賿Χ۴ɱ׿ʱ׹ܹ,ϼкζˮݹùζ,ϴر,ɡ
˺ҹ,ǽͣЩ,ǰͨﵩ,ϵİǺôǴȥ˯ˡڵϵϯ,С¯,һˮ,һϳĴԡͰ
Ͱ׻ľмװãȾĵˮ±ζѹȥˮãȥˮһ˲Χ񾭣Ҳŷ
ӷſյİ˯Ѽ䣬ԶȻһҺܿӽС
һۣɫѾˡ
ǸյõϢdȺף˶׿ʮĸҲϳdǰͷ
ȻЩ̣׿һֱڸҡ̡ĴѾֿꡣǵ׿ʱڳʸԣ䳤ֲĥζɴ͸ԳʸԵĿʡ
صţ⣬ڳĶӼΨгڹеμճˣ˵Ѱ䡣
ɿһСأ˳ƽȵؽն׿פصı֮ء
d֮󣬳̷͢飬ͳ͢ʹٴͶ;ʱδîʱʱ磬ո䣬Ѱ½˵仰
ܾͻر˲îʱǰȥѼҵţӪеľϢͳ˲̫һӦпԭİɣ
½ſǰţţ˺ܾãڼһеŻŵӰ˳
ⲻǸ𴲵ˣһոԡͷʪɢڼϣ洩£˼ֲߴﹾһ߲֪Թʲôһ߹š
ѰС˺°
Ȼ˵û˫۾дˡҪǲ˵һӽҪ㲻ɡķŭ
Ѿ½Ƣ֪Щ»еŭЩֻ죬ȴᵱ滳ģλ꽫ɤӣոպ֮˳
ֻ͵δΣ͵Ϊδʱԡ
Ǻգ˵СⰡ
ôվſڶҲ˵ȥҵεδˮͣƺҲʮִæ´δϵվͬ˵ʱƽʱʵʵĲ¶˳⣬¶һƤȻÿշ紵ɹ޾ɵ
⿴еزĸŮɼҷӳģĪЦסˡ
⼸ճӣ빫سƣȥ˵͵ྯЩ
˫۾һ㣬㶵ضȣҲжһСӦŶлѡ
е㻳Լոյ˵û˵˵˭ˡ
͵⼸кγı
⼸ղȥͤĻ½һ룬׼ڼҵĽڸؽѡ
һ˲ЩԼΪʲô;ʱҪתѰ˵ô仰Сġ⼸ĲģӣмҲġ½ǸȲµˣֲͷӣʱȷͦ˷ġ
ȻжҵΪеϾʱĥڼСѸڵؽѡ
˭˵ڵؽʲôΣأֱֻѰһ仰
ˣ͵ܱء
½¶һЦҲǣһ·˳簡
ɵתͷһųŶȥʱظӡԺ
ʲôطе֣룬ʱ벻ʲôط֡
פػٲݳɶƽˣھܶ׿أȴϾһ㡣ҲˣʵʹҪ˵λ͢Ϊѡ
֮䣬ɵĲ¾˴룬һڷʱ䣬ǰĸ£峿½ʱʲôطԾ
һμǸʱʼ½ƺһֱʮעǱͷϵöʵҲ϶ǸǺء
ż¹ڲЩҲûʲô⣬ŵʱ䱾Ͳ룬ΪʲôǾʲôطʮֹأ
ģɻһ߹ʱͻȻ
㣬֣
ǸʮС˹£
̧ͷҿ
Сúֲܴڣûʲôɿģһ̧ͷϺɼɵ
ԾԼĺҲͦԡ
ӪתһȦĴߣԴЩʿкᣬСЩҲкᣬֻԲԣϸܿõ
ͺˣΪʲô½ûأ
һ֮Ҳ֮˵Ǹԡʱ䣻˵ԸͬԡЩ˵嶼Ը⿴˵俹ܸͬ齶ߣʵûҲҪ¶˯ԼʰڣԸ˼ʮֿӲ˭飬ȥǸòСӶδ£һױƣˡ
Щ߰´һеۣλ͵ĳƺϷԴԺ֮ȻΪ֮ݡ
½֪ɻʲô϶˵ǳǶģһѸԼصʩҲҲ볤һҲʰڣüڸؽѡ
Ŀ񻶻ڼ
dѷԬǽЩʬdϵ˳ſڲԶ·ߣѲŻ𣬽ʮʬһȫյʬ
ʿԶ׿гʹǲԸȫʬҪ켸ҹĴĽٻ֮·£ศɵԿʼڳɢ
׿䲻ҳ̫ʦ͢ǷһһأЩڶ׿ĹԱֵ
͢Ѿȥһס׿ЩĽʾԿᣬ͢Ҫδأ
˵øֱЩΪ󺺹ʣԴ˵ʲô̬أ
ЩΣ֮ģȻס½˵ȲˣҲʶˣȫûκεĵıҪԸҼӲ͡
ڶ׿֮ĵҹֵͣë޵úܸɾҲúζͷĥҪôҹʱ򣬺Ȼš
δ˯ҹˮĹϰߣҲûһƱ㽫ƿˡ
кƽֱʮֵѡһ˲̫ģ½ƺǿһ
ʱˣҲˣҲ㲻ȥҲ֪ӣèμô˵ģ˱Թ԰ģ˿˳۵һŽȥҪôһܱӻҵĺˣҪô㽫ȥˡ
½һ۸ûϳμףǸΪ࣬Ҳ۵øϲʵأֻһ˫̹۾ضϵͷ
½һ˲ое㺦£ʶرͷ


64 
μ,˵ҪôңҪôȥ͡
Ůڹ۲,һƸ۵ľ
Աź,ԺһƬţ½ֻܿһŹϡ
û׿ļҾ죬ҲȥͣڽŮƳȥ,ƺ·һ
ʱ,״һָָָͷƺþȫ,ɾһͷ񣿡
ͷ˿ﱧŵǸͷ,ģ,ܳԡ
Ƹ۵μײˣһСԴĬĬתһȥ,ֱ̾
ﻹЩ䷹,պϳ԰ɡ
Ȼ䷹,ڼﻹа,һȲ,ݷտˮݲ,ȵϴϴ֡
½Ǽһε,ӡر,Ȼ,׵üܽԴһ߱ĿĺŮģų֮ĵ٣ڸ߳ɳӻŽʱһĻȫǸûгǸģֵֿСŮ
˿̨̹ԣȷԵĶһˣѸٰȥ۾׵ÿƵģҲһƬڣһ˽ݷ˹ʱе֣Ҫȥ׷ֻ쵽УѸ˻
ΪԼⲻľֹصǸ
ʲôɵǸأ½̾ˣҪǸҲΪ°
һȲ䷹ԺԳԵһˮݹƬ׳Եøɸɾŷ룬ûסؿһ۷䷹Ǹ񣬵½Ŀ˻
ɾзθ
˴Ҫǲȥٸʲôطȥ𣿡
Сһ䣬С޷塣

dִһѣ桭
ûˡ
˫ԭͺܴȻ޵ݣΪǾͱø۾һ˲ԲģֱֱضɾԣҲס
ĸᣬҪ˼˼˵㲻ȫ˶ȫҶˡֻʵһ൱
صţ֮⣬dѷ˵Ҷˡ
ǸСԴѸٵصȥ˶һš
̫ˣ̾һɾϸ鲼Ҫǿ޵Ļϵ·ˣҪϴһ
ɾ֪ʲôԹ޴󸸣С̧ᣬȴŲΪһϦ֮䣬´䣿
¿තӣ˷ǵϦ£ƽʼ
һضҪѰʲôƵģ£ҲԼŶ룬ѡһ˼ңƽûƭ
ڳõļžû˵˵ѡҲû¡ⲻܡһʮ鷳½еЩϵ⡣
Ϊʲô
ӡеĴʲôģ
ңԴȣδ˶갷񡭡
ǶױЩеؽãģκһ֪˼ˣΪڽĸҳ
Ҳûѣÿһ仰Ѫһ㣬ź޲ʷθŵҪΪĴϴˢԩ֪׿ǸҾʴȵĹس
½վȥѰûô³һʰһߴ𣿡
Σ
˯֮ĸֻǸΡ
ȻȻģɾ⣿
˯취ǣȥأѰ׾ȥ
˵ǰ֪Щ£͵һΰɡ
һ˵ڷϣӦһִԲ£Ƚʺ㷢飬һܽǵյø˧
ũ¶ʮյôҲֱֻ̣ʣһü£ڲ֮ϣ޹⣬ԶĻڸо͸ǿһ
˸d֮⣬dҹڽŴ󹤳̣һҪĻƽᣬһ棬Ԭϵǻ׼dɷˮأЩ̫ʦ˺˻ڱȥˡԬ֮ο֪ԬԬֵ˵ĻӦûǻοġ
οҲûʲôã׿ѷ˭Ҳ׼͢ӭ׼ֹͣɱһԬֵʽ˺Ƥݴһš
ܾԽ꣬ҲһΡ
ҲԼƮƮƵġ
ٴ֮ȥѰţɱǰ䣡
ȥ֣Ѱ㡣
£
ѷϲ⣬飬˱һߺˮһ߶򿴣ϱ볯͢ļΪϡ
ᵽļ¶ɵĲо˶⿩ģСؿ˿ڣļŮ硭
һˮ˳
һ˲˰´꽫κ˶˵ҪӪŮԶǼӣĶ
˵ЦúǷ򣬵˾ִ򲻹һ侲һ¿ڣǽ˵ҪļģĩΪǵȺǿĸˣҲδû֮ܡ
⵹˵䣬nж£䲻ж룬Ȼ۴˾ܵأŮԳɾ
ȥļˣӣֶ಻ϰҲŲһײҲݾϱ볯͢ҵȻزļźá
Ѹٴһ£Ҿ͵ǰ߶߶ؽ˰죬һ˶ٷ˵ƣɻЪϢȥˡ
ɻļŮ֮£ȻǴԼ˽ĵġ
۳ڹǶȣʵУ½ѡպƷУŮʵûô󣬺οҲȷλѵŮװǵЩС񱡣
ֻΪ㽫֮ˣԲݾʵ̫ϧˣŮӣ½ȻעЩִǡҲȫ⵱ڡ
صԼжϴſоϵ꽫ʼһ׮׮һͬ½ʶйʲôʧΪ
ʶþ˼ǰѹ·ⲻ̫ã
һͬϯҲ̫ã
ܵ˼ҵļȥȾƣر𲻺ã
Ҫͬ齣ͬһϮӣôۣû취ۣ
ȥһ㣬ҪһºԡҲۣ
Լ·£
ʵܲʺ˯ǰƣɲôһ˯ŵġ
ȻһΣرİΣﲻڳڲݣԼͷʮֹžɵϡϳ֮⣬͵͵ܡŵ½㣬ϸ˿֯͵£ư˿ţɢͷϣƻӳһƬ⡣
Ŀƽûʲôִͬһ˿ĸоȴȫͬҪôݲźã
֮£δԼδӦʱʲôģ˿ȴĪãδҲ⸱ģ
ξãȻҪ죬ƾЩ϶ĶŮӵ֪ƺҪͬȲ࣬Ҫ
һӴ
ѲҹıʿְŽ߹ʱٽ£ҹҲѾ䣬˯һûʲôֵġ
һƬתתҲץˮͱӣ˵ˮ£ƽһ飬Ȼ»صȥ
ǲܶԼʲô˼ģŮӣҲ뷨ⶼδ㣬ʵ̫ˣ
Ҫʣ
ôأ
ȸôڣ
½ʲôķӦ
һŮŮװĻӦһĨΣߵòҼˣȻҲλɾԴŵǰһ֣СĵԳ
ǲλŮɣֻǸе񱣬˵أ
峿ĳǻһɵĽζ⼸յĶʵ̫Եʣôˬ
СİѾӶ˷侲ȻܲŽһգԼָһЩʲô
˼ؽЩо̸֮ԺֻһĿĵء
һֲµ½ｽ԰ӣһ߽԰ӣһʮϸز鿴һСƬ˵ÿС˵ĳơ
ﲻֹ֪ʲôԼ鲻ˣҲű
ףŽ˵Ȼִⲻϳƺ֣Це̧ͷͬ˸кôѰңʲô𣿡
Ȼµġ﷭ӿŻȸԾУҲЩȽڣʡ
Ϊգ
½ϵЦסˡ
ֱưӽˮͰ̤ǰ벽ǰ㣬򱳺γǱ
Ľйâһ罣ϵĺһ
ɵڶˡ


65 
Ƶ䳱ʪ,оʱ·;ҲʮŢУⲻ˧Ҳˡ
һ,˿˿,Եİ㣻Ʋɽ¯ȼǵĻ⣻Ųĵ̺Ƶɫܲ׽֯Ļ֦ܺҶ˵в಻һǧ仨û˼
κһڼƾƷڱ߽δ,δ,ͬǼװ鱦ӣԭܸеġ
첻ɣҵоϣͬҲǽ򣴨òŮΪĦȽ,һ,СȹƤѥȷǡ
ŮɵַЩ,ǡôϲЩŴѵŮź߱˵,Ҫ,ֻҳ,ʮָ˴δŮȤȻǶʴϻ۵Ů,һʼ׸ôź,ЩƢ,ֻҪϳʼ,ʿ⴦ȥ,Ȼͻۺŭ,Сźˡ
ΪӰģ˼òܲŮھУ׼͸еĸλ죬˾ҲǶŮţ
ԭһ˵򣴨ϷּҳһλŮɣӦ׶ʮǰϢ˵ΪʬҲ˹ǰоС̣
Ϣʱڽ򣴨أЩδǨΪڹضƽյʿƽϴһһͷţһƥһһǮ˭ഺٵŮ¡
ԹޣҲǲ֮ͨˣǶҪʿǳ񾡡Զ֮ٲżȮ֮ЩûüЩߵҺ塢ƽգ֮ƽһΡǳ壬ʬڻҰϣϱڲԫ䣬ԼԣȴҰݽǿʳٴһ죬¸ʱһȫ
ô˵ϸɵ˾󲿷ֻԹӹضˣģʵ׼շתһĿʱجı㴫˹֮ĻţļţҪ̴ת¤Уͼ֮ơ
˰뱲ӵ̣ûҪͬ͢ΪУȻҲûǹ󺺽ɽʮӵ͢ڶ˶Ƶĵ򣬾Լĵ̶֮⣬½ԵС
͢Ҳ붭ΪУұɵشɱ˶֮أ
ΪԼҪһȣȳ͢䲼ˡЩ죬ֻҪ͢گ͵ԸСĵع˳͢ԼΪ󺺾ңر߽
ʲͬ⣬Ȱʼû´ǵ顣
ԭġ
սʵ鷿֮У֮ԲڿдΪ˾ͽʵ̫æˡ๫ҪҪдϾǰ㣬ȸ߻ȻѵΪһ衣
λ˵̬ȻǺͰġͰ˲
ϸ룬ţǺεˣµ֮Ǻεˣͬضãȴӳ򣴨ɱŮ֮޸࣡
˵˴ʱʵһ㣬ûڸǵúܺõķŭҲ¶˳
ʹˣ˵б
ޱֻٵ˼ѹ˳ţѷΪҪǵȶͽ
Ȼнģ԰˾׿˹·ָʸһ֣yһ֣ȷʵǲҲмǧݱȷȻе׼ȷ˵еĽԶȡҪأѾδߡ
Ƕ׿ţҲ²ϣΪױ񹲷֮£һ֧Լಽսǽܱȡ
վڲݾϣƮƮ˵βϰǶ˵һ֧ӡ
޵壬ֲη
һͷҰޣӦСİΪ͢Ľ𲯷ߣ׹˳󣬲ܴϸֻ֧꣬
صһ룬Ρ
Ȳǣʽһ⹫д֮󣬽һԣи볯͢ߣ˵ȹ¹֮¹֮
δɵīλ˵һ㣬վžİλεУȻΪԼ֮ǰѡһ˲
¡ʲô¡жٱ㡰¡йģݡ塱ɱȼʱ󺺾ɶֳʲôӣ
˾ͽ治Ը𣿡һ̽ſڡ
ЦǷµжۣ飬ǸɣǻصܷʱΪ˰ˣ͢Ȼǲ
ⲻԡ룬ʱĸԸܷ
Ҳеһڲżѣй֮˽ⷬֻ߸ɢȥ˲ҪϤ֮£Ҫңƽ֮šˣҲ᲻̾һ䣬ڴ󺺣ʮԼǵĹգԸд˻֮
һλ˵
ľȷһλ˵ͣʮͷ߹ڲףǵȴ³ྶͥˣɵøС
ߵһλԭǳĳ֮Ůһ·£ԣׯأȵţżմһմƾ£ؼǴδᱡֱŮɸм㣬ͷС¹ײ
λʿԴһ㣬Ҳȫʲô⣬߲һСеţҪλ˴Ӫһɡ
עȫûзϣⶼδ
λΪ
һھƣȻᣬܣΪ𡣡
һ˲ļžƬ֮󣬹¿ڣ͢Ȳ⣬ֻʿɢȥҵԴҾϼҡ
ʿؿһ۹ᣬЦˡ
ĺΪηЦ
ʿδشᣬǿ࣬ڳдϢ͢ˣλ֪
߳Ĭãҵ볯͢࿹⣿
ΪβܣڵУһССͤҲȡ
ͻȻ̧ͷĿд뾴ηؿʿ
ڼТˣھУξȴΪͨīӲɱУмõòͷȣнԵǸºĹٿ˿̺֮йĿ࿴ĸо
֮ƺΣ
֮ڼĿһ·ŮԹ˷Ϊ³ɣƽ£Բᣬλ˳δ֪Ҳ
һϯ͹˵ֻǻܿηҼһϯڼԵŮľսЩڼȻδ£ֻֻŲһ㡣ֻһ㶯˼ڼС
ɫ棬ڼ˵ƣб˺ֹʮ
ڱ˵ˣͻȻվƷ˰ſʻĵ̺ʺľҺ
ˣ֮ǰҵ붭֮飬λȰʮԤ׺˵ĽһͻȻϲӪһλˣڶã
ⲻġڼԵŮۼƽһλŮһҲûз㱻һͷ­
Ŀ־ܿյ㣬Ϊ߸߹ڲɷҲƷ˰վγ
Ƚ˼ңȻֺϧˣΨԸ飬Ѫʳҵȹȡ
ӦһѺý̴ǽ۵ʱδܵ谭ֻγһ˲ѪӿȴûԵڵ̺ϣԼλŮɵѪɫСĵ̺Ⱦ졣
ʵɻҪһλΪʲôվûʳ


66 
Ӵô,˵ĳλ빫λ죬ӹ԰빫ͷ,λӤ˸ɱʿ⡭
ھԼ빫,ҲӤܹ˵ǸңΪλʿΪһ˺òɿ֮˭Ҳû,ۡ
֪ۡ
ǰ͵ҵģκô˵ģҲи޶ȣ
Уξһϻ鱦Ƕ͸κϣϷίֻһ,κϲҪĶ,źҶ檣
Ϊڣ,汾͵ұܣκŭ곤ɫ˥,Ȣ¸Ү
檴ᣬ檰ٰϧ,ڽҪأĪ˵һϻ鱦,Ϸ,ǽɽɽҲ檶Խ⣡
һһСȻ࿴Է˳,ʮĬ,Ӳ泳ǶѰҪ
ֵǳǵ,Ͱѳץһ,ô,ҲѾƽľˣ鱦ε£ֲܽǸУξץһ١
ʵͦģǸ鳭dУξҪһϻ鱦档ҲͦԼģΪɶҪأ
ҿκϺֻѰ֣ǲֱ˺ǻۣܻӤԵôüӶǲõģΪλֻ涵ض빫һҪ׿ڷֳս¡
һ£˸¡
ĪǼ޺ɫʶᷳ檣ֱķϷ˫һһҲһѣ
﷢޷˸ֲһͷײ˺ǽϣ
ۣ
κϵ۾һҲԲˣæǰһͬôôСģģɱУҲˡ
㵵ؿ˿ԼҺС檣ܾλһ׶ԸɷǻۣȽ˵һ㡣
ϻ
ĻնҺȻӪ£ҵóȥһˡ
ֹնֱĶӣҸط侲侲
Ҳ侲侲
һʯʱ򲻿νһʯ׵ĸ߼ۣͬķʶһҲ̶뷽跨ȥء
ȥʮ죬̶ӻˣһһСȦĶҲˡ
ɾݿ̶ϴô˵ģ̣ȥ
ҲҸ˼Ҹ˰ôȴ֪ҪͷߵĶף˵Һ˼ңС˶޲ڳͽ˸˭ҵϱӼ˭Ҳ֪ʲôݡ
еĽַھǶ֪λ½ɾ˵ϲ̴ӣȴǿͬŽƽ۽ģºҲΪӲѰӿ
Ҫ˵½죬ôҲ֮ǸȻŵþ͸ˡ
˭Ҳǵģ߼ߵλһ֪ҳŮɣڲ¶׺ԭⲻͻ߼䣬̶ͷĿʹѡ˺ߣôСúõ˻
Ҳ֪˵ʲôҲ֪˵ʲôǶ׿˿ڣȦûС
ս˵﹫òһسǡ
Ǿͻɣͷû£ô졣
׻ȥʰԼվԺһ߸пһ߸кʱӿڴ죬һƬһ·͵ſڡ
㱣һƣе͵ڽ۵ӳô߽Ժ
ûС𣿡˵ǾôͳȥôƥˡóýȥЪЪĪιϡ
ģԼ⻰˵е㲻Ծһʱ̫ת벻Ļ
ƺͻȻ˵񣬡ѰȾƣȥǣ
Ǿǣ
ǣİﰡȻһת׼Ϯʮ׳嵽ſʱѾرؿţһȥ
׻һϸ·̨Աˮһֵغһ
ͷƤըˡ
Σʱ̣ȥ֣ǧҪγ

תͷΪ̾㣬ļģ

ǵøغã˾ͽ֪߸һ˵һڴȥҴ
رĲѧ
Ķ棬Ϸһƣֻ룬ӲݿСˡ
ССһҲԡ
ȡָһյƣſɫڣ޽١
ʲô٣
ȣ˵Ƕ
ǰһ㣬ƺĶףƺԼĿСһ㣬Ǽסûйӣͦ
ôСʵʵ˵ⰡȷʵͦƯġʲôأһڰգ׵㵱Ů㿴Ǹ첲Ǹȣѧ𣿱˵ãһꪣõס𣿡
׺һͣŤͷȥ
㿴ҹȶˣ˼ҵ˵ֻĬĬ˵һܲ˵ɣ
һҪ䵽ͬҰȽ˵ɵĵز
ɧر࣬˺ܿˡ
Ⱥ߾ϣӲǲϸۣͬаż÷ˣ͢Ӧأ߿ɱʲôð
ƺָΪأ
ͬ˾ͽֻdƱʹͳȥǱضɢͨһͷеֱ˼·ǳ͢ҲҰƣ˾ͽһֻɵǡݡ
һĿȻתĶףö𣿡

һƺڿôشʱ
Ҫư
ɡҪ˿վƺʱס
ɲܳɫΪС˵˼ҪǷס㣬Ժɾ͡

֪˵ɶҲ֪˵ɶ
Ƕ˾ƺȥƣɧ
ǳ͢һҴȥƽˣһɴ󳼹ȥиô˵ĵأ
ǡΪβȰأ
ͻȻһ¡
УҲһͶ
ġ
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Ҳˡƺµʲôֱ˵˵˳Ȳݽ棬ʲҴգ㣬ٽһҲˣλá
һö֪ܴð֪ĵ佫ʲô³𣿡
ǡŶָ³

ȶˡСĵشӶｫƺùӻϽص棬ص档
㿴Ҷöͼ죬Ҹ˵˵ҶְɡʵҲ࡭
űͺܰ׵ֱҰһƬֻ۾ȫᣬӲûҲûҴǺߵض
֪ǲǿɫͷ嶭ЦһЦȻ˸̾ƣҾ֪˻ʶ飬㿴㣬˻Ҳôɰð
ΪʲôܳȾƵģԭΪǳ֮£־Ǽ£֪񾭲һڶĥһĴȡ
ԺȾƾˣ
İֵһ䡣
еĻشеͻأеζ
ףҲףǶף˵ˣһˡ
ˣϯϴһţһûסķ߿Ұȥ
ͷһ¶ףеп㶼Ϊ˯ˣֻŸȥ˵ûͦԵġ
Ҿ첲ȶҲ᲻
͵ƹĶһ˲գ˵ʲôʱͻȻһת˲㵽ſڡ
⡾ĸ˳ҲȾˣ
·ĸ˳ԲȾƵģһ۳֮̽Ŀת˴ճ½㡣
ڣ
ڣ߽
˳ûףֱڣһ·ձʮ֮ڣǰ
ոոôèƵһˣ۾Ҳȫɢȡ֮˸˸⡣
ϳǱǣǡһߣһ´
ǡ
ûȸ˳Ժţֽס
ǵøߣͷָָ½㣬Ȳó󣬸سǱǡ
վҹɫ֮Уͷδࡣ
ʰڣ͵μǣƾǣ㶼ˡܰܡ
ʱ˼Ҳ벻ʲôһ£ܿͶˡ
˹ȫףʮ֮ˮһϯĳȷһ㺧ˡ


67 
˳,һȥӺŴǵðѸôĶϡ
سҪʲô̸Ǿˮ
ʳʱ򣬸˳ƺе,һ²Żش,Ӿͺá
һҲЦǴӸ˳Ц˵͸Цˡ
ѵϢһƬ˾ۼ̿ʼææµµ,ÿÿͨﵩΪסֳ׼Ǻö̲ҲӵƴСıӣмп,Ӳ֮ɴ,仹ǲ,ôץ˳ԣȻζ̫ƽϡ
Щҳĸ,Ķ˵׳,Ϊϸĩ,ټδͰ,װá˵Ҳܼƽζ,ȱӻʳ,һץһС
ûϱ׼ģҲǸ,ԼҲ,ӵ͡վԱ,ĬĬض
ҶӼţĬһЩ
׵Сһףɾˣɾ
ɶ
һ룬ɾҪ첹
ŮպϣȻʵô֯ЩҪ첹·֮ǰȥ˳ӪǸ˴æ첹ˣҲûʲôҪװæġϢضˡ
ĥʱ򣬸üӺȻԺǽ
½ɾ
зԸ
վſһƬСƽʱΪʡһͣҼһҹͻЪϢԶȥһƬƻͨ
Щݾ˵е׳ӽҪȥǽ۵ġü˵ɾﱸһģĪ
߸֮ǲģǡ
ü´ɾˣѴֱ档
ҼסһλŮɣӲͷƤ˵Ʈ㣬е㿲ûиĸͶҪӦ
ûۿüӵıˡ
һȢ޵رմǲݣڼ͵͵Сӣпӽŭͷ򵨱ذʾȥһֳ֮ʷⵥ
̫ˣüһЦ
İɣЦ֮üϴһºͶɫʼһ·ɾΣ˲֮ͣɾع
ҲԲڷϣУֽ֮дӽаγ
ǫͻȻǽͷҪȥ𣿡
š
Ҳȥ˵
ܺ˯쿪ˡ
Ϊʲôȥ
Ǳﶼ˵ˣоӢۣǫͣһô㣬ô
ͣӢۣƷи߽࣬ԣȻŵ
ƺĿ佱öˣЩľˡ˿ҲûͣĶǼزúУҽɫķ⣬ϸز鿴Ƿ˺ۡ
϶СӣƲң
ôܵûУûС
ҽѽ
ڽͷת˹ϰǫĹĵ
ѧ
б£ԴҶ㣬ǫг˵Ҫѧ˽
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ǫˣֻּ۾Ĭص
ðɺðɣڼУСĵջУ㼸ֽ
ȣ˵ҪסҪ̣Ҫ
Ϊʲôǫɻ۾
һԡ
ǫСľɫҵƻֱؾͳˣ
治ýߣ嵽ʱֻȥһĺס
ۣ
õҪǸӣſˡ
ŵŵŵسΣڲͼɱжˡ
㻹û˵Ϊʲôô̻
㻹̫С㣬ѿٵػеˣҪȻһ£ķΧһ㣬ֽҲһַ
Скһһ־ʤ˵𣿡
ʲôˣû⣬ɴ𣿡
ǫֻĹĵ۾ˣ˵ˣ
ФüСɫ´һη飬ĪЦ
ǲУ˵սֵͯܵġ
Ҫֵܵ
Ҫƴһ˵֮⣬ô̻ɱһ
桪ɱǲǾͳ˺һӢˣ
쿪ʲôأܵصͷǵģǵģʱǺһӢ
ǸССӰǲԺľҴܣĵһŲԼҵСˡ
ǫܻˡ
һûб˵һѱɣ
ҡ
һѱҪҲľɱаô#@#%@#%@%
ش˴ﵯһذףġ
Ȼֻһ߳ǫֻǸʮܺӣҲõ̽ˡ
Ϲ棬ޣ
СѸٵضת磬ذ׵ŵŵžˡ
찡˵ܺǰҪǣҪذףԺ󻹲֪ʲô
гĬһ˵Ǿ仰Ҳô𡣡

ѽδٳ
̫δѾţ̸ǾʵǺܱҪǴˣûǽǸϻһš
ҷ˸Щɣެϸ˸ң·ˮԣڴˮͬģѾ߸µԻЦӯӯطˮͰ֪ɳģеᣬɾҴš
оеΣͷе㲻˼ûһ˼䣬ҷأ
ºˡЦЦҲ֪һҪʲôʱŴ꣬Сúҵء
϶ܾõģ룬ǸҾдδرܹǡ
ͬЦΪжԲԲɾ˵ұˡ
ⲢοͬĵĻŸ˳ǽԽóǸ߾ʮɸߵĳǽ»жʮɿǺӣݴôĲܱĹأ
Ϊһ¡ڳǽϵĵգ߾ͷڳһ֧顣
֮˵ǡ顱ǡӡΪĺؿɾİպɵĶ飬ЩڵرǰȻ̣ʱ˵ľӣƺҲʲôϡ¡
֧ڳⰲӪկδǣĵȴա
뷨Щڵӵһ𷢶ΧʱԭӦǽ͢ȴԣΪųǽͻǺӾܱ
֮󣬳ƽԭڱ鲼죬˵һ̽ԵĹҲʼˡ
ڳǽϣ˼һ⣺Ϊʲôʱ̣ҪҰأ
Щİձţǰʱˡ
Ϊ˳Ӹ£˫Ŀ纮עЩڣǰİգ׼ôɺӣ
Ȼʱλ϶ǿӲĽ˴٣֡


68 
Ĺǻ׳Ҷʢ,йŵʷʫеģ㲻ܸжɧͣ÷Ϊ֮սսѹѹʿͬƽϯ,ϷĹâ̫Ҳʧȥɫ
ʮ׸ߵݡʯЩƹǻ۵Ľᾧڿճ־õĹսһһ,ī빫ϷԶͣЪ
ǡ֡ǣٲеֹǣ˵ڹǣ˵ɥʬǡ
Щһ,ĳһһ䴩Ĳͨգǲ귶Χ󣬾Ϳʼһزǰ񱼡еȻнӳ귶Χ,ǵǵİտɽҰ,䲻ٷ,Ҳա
µ˱˲ʬǰȵ˶,Ҳͳ˳׵ʬ塣ǰܹ岽ʮ,ʮ,ٱһֵļ䴩
Щﲢ,󲿷ƺֻиľ,ô,ײײǰܣܵÿѪҲͣ
ǲͣ½Ų,ܼٶ,ΪֻҪͣ˽Ų,ͻᱻײٱ˼̤ȥȻҲܱܣΪеƱ빭ںѹרŸЩաͬţһ
ֻһһĿģ귶ΧԣȻȥ
ƽ괺ĵˮ㣬㵽ó͢Ҳеĳ̶ȣӱ֮ȥӿЩ
ҪһιҪ൱õˮԵģںڼ£˸оͱûǺ߱ںӰɣٱһͷײȥȥ
ӵȷļģҳǸľ类һգ뱧ŵʲôºҲǲɵģǻп԰ӵĶ
ֻҪűˣֻҪˮűˣܹлᣬεӶ԰Ȼϰڳ´غޣ󡪡
ǺðգǷ³ţ
˺ñӼЩǳӡڽԿΪ֤
Щϡϡ䵽ֻܼ˵Ů˵δȵذţ
˻ӦǣֻоٵĽŲػأֱʵ̲ס˿ڡ
УξУξ㿴
£ǸСٵе죬Ϊʲôʯͷ
ͲܿǡǷ
Ƥ޶һ
ˣ˵ʱһ˿иͻûҪңΪϿɲšݡ֣
˰ΣĿˡ
УξΪβɴɱǣ
Сٴûɣ㵱йʯľƽ׳𣿡
µİԽԽʱһγǽСٲǽʯͷȥֻǴʯͷʱֳ¡
һ˷һͬ飬ƴָ棬
Ұ֣ҰְУξҿͷΪ
СٵĽŲҴҹˣҲûǸ飬һӾͷȥ
شƤͣ¡
ӡݾ˵ʲôأ
ڸ˳Ӫϰģϳǽ֮һ顣
ߣһ߷ɱ
ǸҲûҲûҪ̧Ѫһֻ۾ﶼѪ㣬رס˾ٵȣغţֵܣȾ
Ǿٳ˻׵׼Ǹĺ󱳣ȥ
ȥ˵˲λãʯͷ
ɫʱֹͣϰӵľٶձӪ
ؾҲЪһ̣ԳԺȺȡ
һƽŮǽȥáӻȡһͬĸɳҧһڡ
Ͼǵˮᡣ
ôţһ߿һ߷ʱԶĦʱ졣
˸˳֮⣬ӪоҲûʸֿؼ׵ȫף̧ͷҲ֪Ǹ˳Ѳӳǽˡ
ҪߵʱŲͣһͣƺ˳ױ˵˼ʲôЩˣԼ˹
Σ
ɸɰͰ͵Ӧһʲôá
Ϧһ˿Ҳƽأ˺ŵѣԶһƬУֻʱһ
˳ƽʱûʲôͬ´ۣˣ

Ҳ
Ҳ
˳üȻüͷչȡһƤ˹ȥ
ʲôе㷢ɵؽ˹šһţȻɸõľơ
㲻ƽʱȾ𣿣
ȻƣȴδزҪȼھơ
⡣
ӻʣµɳ̽ŵݹȥ˳Ȼ˹Ҳûԡ
ҿģ˵ǰɡ
磬ȳϢɢһգǳҲĿôһʵʲô־ʲôʲڣֻ˵
һΪҼˡ
ڶ¶һȻ顣
˲ִо֮С
˺ܶࡣ˵
˳Դƺ⣬˶Ҳ˶Ķ̴
ʲô̴
˵ǲִо˵Ĳ϶һ롣
ʱܿأ̵ʵˡ
ûڤ˼ܾã˵˳ݲ㡣
˲ܾսֻҪסǽգƣ̬֡˳ȥļ򣬻ؿ˸ЦС԰˵֮⣬ʲôûб仯
еޣⲻ̫Ծû˳ƺˡ
ǽ̵ħһ¶һе㵵飬ζŮ̬Ү
ʵһ׵顣
Ϊ˵ڶ죬죬³ξжֵģЩղϵرӣֱʮɿӱƽΪֹ
¿ˮƮʬϢջֹرʹţӷӣʼͼϳǽ
ҲһҪ˵ˣǺߣԱɱЩսƺͳƻסԼһѹߣǧ֮⵽˰ٲٵٲİٲ
ʯľȥսļ¿޺죬ͷѪģн۹ǶϵģʬڳҲСɽֹڴˡһγǽؾ
Ǽ²壬İ̹ڵأͷؾĹ
ҵȽӣһ˵λžʡ
ǼӪǳɣ֪ɱɱʱ˳ܳ
Ҳ²İװԱ׳˶һȦߴ׳ĺӻûǽϣ׵ѾŮǽѩһ㿳ΧǼؾü㾪Ĵ˿
Ա߼ꪱϹʱҲֱ治ĸǰգĸֻܸϾɱֻô䣬˼
ȺսƶеȷȵǡǼҫ˸뺷˱һ飬սʱȵѹǽؾһͷ
У˽ȥɱ˵һʱʣ¼һ׵ѸʱڵѪҺҲʼȣûö
˼һȱڣ˹ǰ̣ϧһСҪһγǽҲҪƴۣϳǽ˶Ϊоնɱ
ҪѡһߵģҪҲܵͣ룬ֻҪһս֮󣬻ܻȥһ԰СˣַھǴкѣ
ΧонквҽŭɱʱԴֻǰĿ꣬ȥ
ɱ¾һĿǰȻֹ׼ȷ˵Ѿɱ¾һҪϳǽˣһͱһţǸ۾ֵعȥ
ϣ˺۵ĪеϤǸʮͷĸ˵

ԱߵѾȥӣŮǽͷ¿Ǹˤʬɽ֮ϣһ
ɱʮЧʵģһģʶһ㣬ֱʱǸ˭ͷԼϸ·ұ۵һ첹ۼúϸ£˿Ϊ˻˼Ǯоͦ⣬ҲȥǸסھӪϴϴ̣Ϊ˷첹ĸ
ոʲô
ʵͦȣԶд˾ˮȹˮ
һҲҪ״ϣûһԸ߹ڲļڼôзȣҲûôС
ῴһ˶ţٿһְ̾
ʹȰչǣܳ£˵ȵӪ
ڼһۣЦе׼һ裬һʱͻȻ˽
ཫţ˵ս顪

׿вѧ֮ʿǡþͱȹ࿴ô飬ȻڼڼҲݰ̫࣬ԼĶɾԲǵȴˡ
һ㣬ڼҲúԼĶλģΪʲôȺˡӶ׿ٵᣬȫԼĶλȫҪǸȥһأжʮŮϸǣʱʲôأ
վûһߴﹾá˵ڣǼׯضɵķȣ˵ͷؾƣչǡ
ǹҲ¶һЦݣһգƣ


69 
Ѯ,һȵʱڡ
ӪȼƬ˴ſһ˸߹һ˵˵ϡ
ʿֱ,̻¶һʢ硣
һ·оԵö,Ȼֱʵشţƣã̺ζЩϱǸееһԾԾԵ˷ܣ
ζŽһ̣ʱǼӪڳ,ⳡսǲԶںԺ֮࣬ÿҲڽͷӶѯһսкͣ
ʿС޴,Ǿһ,ͳΪƬǿ,ҲһϿ̣ܻΪ鲻öʿ,Ϊ鲻öǷʿľá
ǰҪǮǺ,ҪǮðż,ʯ,һʵϳǽ,ҪܶܶǮ
㹻ͽ,ʿԽҳϡ෴أǲ⽫Լͷ­һü۸,һ뷹,Ƕ̫,Ҳǻ˽һͷ󻼵ġţ봼ƵʿǺΪдȥȻ벻ľչǰ
Ծ̧ʮӣÿһﶼװ˿ޣºĵصӪ룬̱ѳһСɽΧ⽻֯ӳ£ϼǧ˿ˮǲһֱǽ鱦Сɽ㶡
ڽСɽ֮󣬾ǣ˰ʮŮӣӳ俴ӣǸϸҲ֪ЩŮӲһ·ӵǵȻɫһƬĬеľʿȲŹĹᣬҪЩʲô
Ͳһܹˣԭͬڼһƪٴ죬ʿĶȹ֮ȫˡ
վھ֮ǰȻһʱûø˵ʲô
Ǽڼʮĵǰһµʿǣ˵
ݳĽݺµѪЧңս߽ʮ꣬Сսڻ֮ʿ˵͢ȴıͱѻرֻλһ㣬ں΢֮У͢㲻壬㣬ЩթĹĲݹʬϳż̤裡
Щʿǵ̾ͱˣ񶼱ˡ
սΪߣԶҵ֮壬˵Ϊ򼺣ʿţƷΪңΪ֮飡
Щʿǲ촽ȦҲҵس鶯ڼһ۹ᣬص˵ͷǹǰȵ
ҽ񽫽˷ۣͬλΪùֻͣǹݳΪѩܣΪ𣡡
Ϊ𣡡
Ϊ𣡣
Ѫϴ
Ѫϴ
ȵߣҧ֮ʿ֮լ
ǾӪ㱻Ļսûˣãڼ˻֣Ҵ壬طǿŮԶ˾ӪУԸɫһˡ
ǲ˭ʲô֮ģûģ΢һ£Ͼ븴ܼʿǵս⡣
һ棬ڼҲںܹܲ³
һ˵ĽǱҪģԳسʿ
ײͶǺ֮ʲôҲؾһǵܲ࿹⡣ڼţ񻶵ľӪ˹ᣬԼͭƾһѾơ
֮صĺǿӳģϳ˵ƣɫѪڼΪƽƣҲֻһڡ
һڹƽԭϣسʿһֹֽʼˡ
tʿܿ췢֣ղͬˣգǶΪ򣬿ǰܣ˵һųƱƱƵסϰСܸϵ͡
ЩƺޱȣЧ΢΢ֻûзİգܶЩɶ˺
ֱ仯̱˱֪˸˳ҴҸϵ˼۱ϵ
ǿ󡣡
ƶ֮ԵԣԹʸ֮Ʋ£˺ṭ֮֮ʼ
⣬ţ󣬰ӳָʾķλڵϣ˩ҷŹһʱһƬʽҵ
һӽʸ̿ʼװ󣬶ڴڼ䣬ڶӣԴԴϽʸѰܿʯ֮ˣõĲ˫ۣȫ֮ܿʯʯ֮˾Сǵһ㣬̱㱻䴩ʱۼ֮ʸգ˱һһƬƬ£
ǹȻҲѰյսܵѾʬСɽĳ£ӣʯ꣬ǿ±ҵͷѪ׷룬Щ˵ûо£ֻҰһṵ̆
һУϳͷα˻ȥ𽥵أǿʼԳһƬǽĲͬضβ˲ͬĿ
ԱӺһγǽؾʯȱƵʸߣǣȸǽʵЩǽһɱ꽣ͣͺ鷳
ҲˣҲѪսҲƣһ¶ƣ̬ͬʱҲ¶Ǹ꽣Ͳ̫ͬʱŮǽԣֱձʱȻǽϡ
Բȣ۲˯ôһ
Ϊһӵϱ֣ܵþ̫ˡ
ɱʱõ࣬ʱһ㵶ʱҲֻһ磬ƺǸ֮ˣʲôǼģոպá
ȻǿָһС΢֮еģ֮£ңңڳǽýӰĵ׸еһ⡣
ѵ͢Ľسǣ
ֽ̫ȥ
˶ǧʬ壬ھǧǧûϸȥ
ڣǶԼ˻壬ʹܹڳ£̧ͬ۵ʬ塣
Ȼ̧ʬҲǻûİգϾʮһ㶼ۣҾң䣬˷ѵĲ˵Ĺʯʸ泤ı㡣
ǳҲĬ̧ЩĿȫǵʬ壬ææµµֵҹؾЩһ̵ʿ
֮Ǹ꽣ͣĪ˵ݾ԰Ҳһλ󽣿ͣЩ³ǽԶٷȺȾƣ顣
ȫܾˣҲ֡
Ҫγǽ
˳Ѳʱľһ½㡣
ɫʮ㲣ɢģˣȡ֮ȾѪ˿ȴȻ͸Ŵ̹Ǻ˫ۡ
ҹҲû˯һ˳һɫж˳ֵҹȥϢһ£˯þɡ
Ҫγǽظһ飬˭Ҳȥ
ΪΣ
̧ͷӳ԰׵ϣ˫
㲻֪ҸʲôĴۡ˵ҪҹסƬǽ
˳һ˲סˣ֪ʣ
Ҿݡ½һһ˵


70 
ȵú,һƬյǰμˮӣҲ˸еˬ֡
μӣңңһƬƱյ졣
˵ʮ˿,һ,ǵѹѹ硣
ûԼ,һǧв뽻ɸ˳ȥسϣԷż÷,ֻʣǧԼߣʣ´Ĳʽǧű,Щһڰٻľʿδ,ʱҲԽġȻҲվ,ݡ,жģжս,ʵ˵
Ȼܽսһ֧
޶ˣԽ֮,֮,ʾȻǮҲ
dƽ𣬶ᵽȥˣȥˣΪʲôóã
顭ʱ򻹸,ҪǮҪǮ´ҪǮ
ʾóǸ߾ֻҪסʮ,ɢ,˲شͳؾάһҲתĽǶȽ,Ҳеģֻгû׿ҲһǮĪ˵¸˰Ҫȫƽ˰֪͢˿ǽǮþֽ֪ιǡ
ǣʮҪôأΪǰսĽ죬оȻȫûаգÿؾ˳Ӫǰʹָ˵ʮգҲ
ؾȫƴնɵ̯ӣسվҪ£룬뻻
ߵ˳Ȼ벻ЩɶﶼЩʲôѾһı
Զ
һףֳֳ꽫ǰӦһ
ｫ걸
ǡ
ңңֿһ۶԰Ƭ죬˵ͷ
Ǳ
ʮֽı֣һ֧Ҫµѵ˵ǼϳԺϴ˯ǼսҲһ֧ǿ飬ǿ׳
ݴ¡ǲ²ݱģ𶯴صΪ֮òѡҿлͬһۣ
Щ׼ӭеܿ췢֣һȫͬ
ڶμˮθով̳ӰûǺʱһֱ֧ǰѾ˹һؿڣ
һл̽˹٣Ŵಢǲ֪ʿ涭׿սʮ꣬ˣŴ˰ǰһ֧ȴһ亹
ҲΣ˴˿˳ۣˡм٣Ϊϲɶأž䣬Զ֮ϣ
תδǿ죬εɽϳ಻ԥ̲ͣ˻о
ùһȥûü־λﲢѾ嵽ǰΪ׵Ľ׳һ㽫˵ľӳ忪һӣλӶãֻʿѪɽݰһƬƬȥ
ǰƶױλ棬ƹҲսֻɱһ·תͷ֮ʱߺ
˺
˺
˺
ʱЩｫҲŴ
ǵΪӰǰһֻսս졣
Ǵ˶ҧгݵ˭Ϊ𣿣
˭Ϊ𣿣
ײСᣬҲԼУʱΧ֮ʱ裬ʮｫȣ̴Ųȥ
˵ɵЧߺɵͣĪ˵ǰΧ
ҪЩˣ
ʮｫųʱö벿ȡͭ쯣һ˻һӭȥһҪȡҪǴԽѣ׹£ҪܲסҪôսҪô޴˱
ʮｫδǳ޽ȷǾоþսϱδսغϣһͷѪɨ£
ȫȻ
ڳʱѻصǰ֮С
׿ѪȾ׵һ˦ͭϵѪԽݵزǰĸߺｫĴЦ⵶Уӣ
ӣ
ؿھһ
Ӧսǲɵģ˳к֮ʿֱսʤһʿȻ޴棬ȷʵû֮ܵˡ
ʯ䣬Ȼ뵽һѡ䣬ֱһ֧Ϊãּɣ
ȥУѹŭ޷ƵĲЩ
սȷһģ³ҲཫҲܼġ
˵ǰʱ秵һס֮ĳ滰첿ʱһ䳡滰Ҳġ
ӸҶλα㿰׳佫һ䣬ҽȡͷ
Ҳգأ
ܣҧгݵҸԸձ
κЩģȵĽģֵƥǷ֧ŵס֪ǽµļıܲΪ
׿˱ǹܣ²ں֮ڣȫ⼸ά֣նᣬ˵ʿ̼ɾҲǴпܡ
ˣӳӴ󺺣
Ҳ֪ԼǲǴҳʮ꣬ƺĶԼǵ£˵٣ηƣξüλЩЩθŮһݼױ
˿ɸɾʲôûУֻжǸ佫
첻󺺣ոõն£
ãһһ˻ȥ
֧ڳǱɱɱʱΧǡ
ַҪǰսƥ֮µΪڼȲͬҲԣϾɱ˶׿ɱеĴ壬ǲġ
ڼҲὫϣϡ
ԴٽѾıĳãҲĿ񣬾Űˡ
ᱻһô£˵ϢʱڼȣɻʲôϢ
ױ¶һ˿⣬У
ڼȻʶԼĵļȽҪԱ˻֣Ͱױ¡
һճԵú٣ֻһˮʲôҲ˽߶š
ڽڽʱױһνʣǱš
ǸУ䲻ʿоȡң
Щ򶨣ʱѹ˲࣬ţڼڳһгţȴױһ⡣
Ǹʿڣ
ڡ
գ
ǡ
ڼţµĽͣ
˵档
ţˣƽջ켣о֮䣬ȴýڼƽ͵˵ܣҡ

ڳȨƣʲô˰ˣڼЦҲʱӱĽɫǡ
ױʶڼⷬгһʮֹؼĴʶڼж͸¶־
˵ƣ
߹ڲʿʣһĴǣԼͽ͵ڳǽϵӰ
Ṉ̀ˣЦҲһ˿ӸµҹƳǱӡ


71 
ԴΧ,ƽĬ֮С
ԭҪӳȥȴֲ֪ȥһҹ֮䣬ƺܵ,˷˰Χ,ǳǳ֮͢˰ο˵,񲻹׿ң֮ʦ˷˵ʮ,ǿ׳ƾһ·ֵܹ˭ָأ
ǻתһ,ʤˣֻ˾ͽºƶ֮ϵĴ,оС˹,˭ڹǰȹ׿ʬ,²ǽ֮Ҫأ
Դȥ֮󣬴ҵľºԹתһķ򡪡ܶ׿б,£ǱϾһƽ,Ƕ·,ǵ׻Ǹܿüδ,˶վ±ϣ֪δúʱ,ʱ
Ҳ̫ʦžͺˡ
û˽仰,һ롣
Ϊı,Զ׿֮ʱԶʵ۲ɽб硣
ֱΧǵڰյ磬Ĺһžձˡ
һ·񱼻ģܵײײܵȴɿ죬һ·ܽСʱżҵͯæµɹ˱㿪һ䡣
һʣΪţ
ڶʣǳǽϵĻæˣ
һе׳Զ߷ۣǼӹ̳Ƿǰ˹ʯľϣȻҲ⣬˿۷ֱһͻȻ
ˡ
һͬףз֯ģϴ·첹ģ̫ȣ͵С˯һģȫ˼ţ۷׷ס
ˣ
Ƶģ
ǽ˸ߺ⼸վˣ
Īǻȡ裬ŴҴҴ˳⼸£һС˼УǱξ֪ˣҪ֮
Ǹʮ̸ֽĺӡЩ̸̫ó֮ŵĻɲ޵ʱ촽ȴʲô˵ֻȱԼǼС֮С
ǽ̴ַһ
ƣȥδ
涼Χסˣȥģ
ެЩģǲɱ˰ɣ
ҳĬһżҵķ԰ο˼䣬ӽ£ЩΪ֮ƣǸ԰Ѽʳ
üﲢδţվſڣһԺ˵ۺ˫üëš
Щʱбſ˽˰ǫܸȣԭҲûʲôǫѾʮ࣬кӱ͸ðżЩ顣ʱ˵±㲻
ʱڵҲƿˣλŮҲûֻվſǲڵĿ⣬Сĵһ
ü֣ҲиӦ
λŮƺǳԾֺԥվԥһüҲ֪ԥʲô
֪ܿˡ
Ƕ׿ŮλŮߵ֮С˵ǡǣܰﵽλ
ⷬʱЩɣüȴִżСԵø棬ü﷢һڻҡҡͷ
Ҳţ˵Ҳš
˵ŵʱ򣬲֪ʲôط˿Լ
һָ򱱷ʱ˻ʲôûв˶Ǹȥʱһؿ֮£ŨӳǵĶǶ𣬲ӡ
ãʵųǽҲرۡ
Ϊ˵ĽֻջǿһͳӽտʼѸٻ׹˼ҼҾƼʹЩչǣսӶԵĲɣ磬ЩĴܣ͹ƱӰ
ʵϣһϣսǰշڰѵ
սֹս
ֱ˳Ĵһֻ²кźʱܻصСǰȻýܾúܾõƽɢЩĨ
վڳǽʱȷЩ߰飬ûвߵʿʼһ
ǳƱì֣Щܹά͡ʿȱˣ
ȻƱ뵶֣ЩǳʺսʿҲˣ
򣬳ǽʯͷĶˡ
Ҳ̫ƣԵʣںʲôֱ˷غһѣѹ
ҪȥţǸúİʿµѱ
ҡȻһ飬λ

ǻŲ·İգǳûٵķ˵˵죬Ҳʿ֮䣬Ǳһģ׹ѣ
ˣңӦȽסң㽫ϸնɱǣһһصĽǸϳȥ
ȴûȥſڣ˹ǰʮｫãǰŷһľ裬תͷΪóһ·
ϲɣΪӡеһֱǸ꽫ܻƤܵ䷹ԣҲںظκԽѹںڡбߵ˵㣬ʶС
ȻڵһõۼףѪսҲȾ˰ߡ
ϴˣ۾Ĺ⡣
㡣

ʮｫɢмڵϣ˰۰ǰ
ҲܲңɺЩˣ̧۾زסˡ
Ϊʲô
ҹ˳ţ˵Уκƴ󣬡˵ʧأƬ̣һߡ
ȥģ
ԱǸױΪϣվһԼĸ첲ܹҪУܻزݣزݣܱȥض
һƬհףŵŵشӦˣǣһȥýַ׼һ£У༸еİա
ͷһۣ˵ʲôأ
˵ҪЩ̻Ȼ˵ܵôϰա
ǻֶ̿ƮƮĽضˡ
Һʱ˵Ҫߣ
ߣ۾˵ƣ
һҹδߣ
δߡΡ
ⲢһΡ⣬һ
ǡǼδδݵԵʣȻĿ࣬˵ѾӸµ
ҴδΪۡ˵
ӰΪݽ档˵
ǲǲݽ棬Ҳ֣룬Ľַھӣÿһǵǵó࣬ǵ
ͻȻˣ֮ǰǲӦðԣѼܵ㣬ʲôõԴϣǲǾ˵ǰλˣ
̫ѾһбˣԶỤ̃Щƾɵģ޵ģոµķݣйҵĸۡƽյĲݣǶڽҹȼա
ˡ
֪ռ˵ұ
ǲǲݽ棬ʵظһ䣬ǹ֧ˣ²ʳʱ֯Ĳֳ׬õǮ˳͢˽
Ҳֳһ˿ת˲任޶Եᡣ
ǲǲݽ棬ҵǡ˵ѾΪ󺺾ңڸöҵʿˡ
ǰһ֣ƺץסĸ첲˺һ
Сµ˵С˱ֻף˺ˡ
㡭ɵЩô
ʵڳ֮Уһ

ͷңңʿǺ֮Զȥ
̧ͷǰʯϷһѹһ
Źƽƽ棬ȴʮ죬Ҫʱˡ
ʯ
߰ɣڼ󣬺Уǻؼҡ


72 
ڵõǡ
һֱԹߺͿ־һȫͷų,ǽģּģ֣£ڽ֮ǰʿǵġ
ǳе,Ҫδ,ỹûоһķ֮,Թ£ҡҡūɴӣ
,ܹ,ԹĿ࣬ȥͬ,һ
֮,ǻҪ
͢,临˶,ɱ˶Ĳ˸
߶ĲݱѾˣʵѾʣʿ,Ĵǲʿ׾,ݾĲݰգԼ½ЩַھӡǴδκδɱ׿ж,һ㶼Ҫ
ǫܵһʱѾ,,,ææҵعţŹȥұ˼ҵţ˵·֪˿޺
һжֺȻֹ
ǿģģҪԼǵ㲼ףģ˵ǰһ˲ð෢ҽУȻžͻ￪ʼӣֻ˵ĴЦżӼŮ˵ĺ
ŵúܣһʱԼʱܻ͵͵رǱذסҲòڱ½ɾǰ㣻һʱֱԹΪʲô˽ȣ˲ˣһͲأҪϿصУصĸԣܰġ
Сֺᣬڷݼ䴩ʱ˭Ҳע⵽СشܵеıԵ
һɢųˮԣҪǰһ·ʱͻȻԶش˹
ǲӼҾ֮ôΪ׵һСָָ±ʶ·ıʿӦ
Ǵ˵أˣԶ˶ŵ
ǾͰΧǸСضǼʮʿ˵һڲЧȡ
ǫݻȴöЩϵ׺ݣԶӵĻ·ڴһŹ
ŹǡŹǳ͢ĹŹ
˽ŹһС˳Ȼȡȡ
ǫ۾һ˲ôģ֪ſȻǿ˵ģ֪һ˵Ĳȥԭµľ
ĸأеؽѣĸûȥȡ
һִֻȻ˹žҵĳһѽסǫһ˲³Ϊ߶ȽţǿҵķθоȻֱѹȥ
ȥء˵
ŹŹ
ʲô취ˮС˵˵˶ֻʣ½ַھǣ½ܸϻʲô취
Źءأ½ɾʲôʱܻǫֱܿŹͲˣЩʿŵ߿ÿÿԺš
Ҿ֪ûû˵С߶ĻдŵĵĿ־壬Щŵȼ˻Ը¼ǼڳԵġûûҵҡ
һ˵ļסˣݵɿŰǫڱǵ֡
ͬģǫתͷ㲻Ľ𣿡
Ĵһ˲䱻ǫ˻ıȻس鶯˼£Ѽˣƾʲô˶ˣƾʲôҡ
ҪѰһ߼ʮ׵ɣ˼ѾȫȻˣ촽Ҳűӿʼ鶯һᣬƾʲôҪΪ
е֣ҲǰǫûģԭͲһԵкӣûϸ룬ͷѿ۰򣬴ˮԵĳ˳
㡪һѹ㲻ҪһƿСװʲôӢأ
ⲻӢۣǫ룬Ӣ½ɾˣƷи߽࣬׿ºĴ۽ཻ½ɾһôãȥǲǸȱסĸҲȥİ併İΣΪ½ɾڣһܱǵģ
ǫһԼЩɳܵԥ͵ӣȻĿܿѰŶǼҵİǽϡ
̫ѾˣԴӰǽݶӰǼûˣ˼ǲݾʿ͸ˡСشӷͬļҵķϣȻѰһᡭ
Ѿ߸еͬӵ˺ԺⲢֽýܴѣΪǸöһƯСӺȤ
檳ܡˮһˣÿҪɾ䣬檲ǲ˰
㲻ǣҲ𣿡վµ׵ָĶǸͬĵϱȫȻǾˡ

ǫſڷϣǱذףھҵţƺ½ɾǵý֪ʶҪþȫ̽ȥ֮⣬ƺʲôǲˣסһ͹ˡ
ܳΪ½ɾӢ
Ǹһ߳չ¶ӵʱ򣬰ǫ룬޷Ϊ½ɾӢۡ
Щ£ԭһӢۣ
սеذףþȫȥ
ǸİҰһ㣬ʿΪ֮һ˱ŭ׼߽ǸԺ䣬Ҫһ﾿ĸҷĳ
ûüţעͱһ˳ֵӰȥˡ
̫бһ㣬һֳգģֻǸݵ꣬ŨĽ԰סһ㡣
ڵ̰εǰδǸʲô˱㵹ˡ
жģ˦һеĳÿһϸ΢˶ʶ˦ϵѪ顣
ЩڷؽһҼһʱֹǵ񣬷׷׺Űγһ飬ʮһƱǰںС׼ӭǿС
ʲô𣿡ǸͻȻ˵
ɤɳƵúܣҪڶȴ䣬һѪŵ޶˴˸ս
ŵʲô˵ɡ
ʵ꽣е㲻ΪûиЩʱ䣬Ļ䣬ǵӰӽɫĹ˳ɣƺһ⡪
ý˲֪ǲʲôɫ⣬ֻѪѣ޼ɵڰʱϦһգȻҲӳɫ
ֻƬ֮䣬ʮ˾¾
һȥǽĻ⣬۶Ŀ־壬֮ʣ૵Ψһˣĸ
Ų԰׶㲵ͻȻһ΢Ц֪ЦʲôЦʮ̵ҲẦ𣿻ЦҲС
ûúףΪǸ꽣û׵ʱ䡣
˼ʮʬ壬ӿڵβһȥرİôŵﶼһĻЩʬ壬ЩƮƮǰϣݺ󣬷·ڿˡ
һСΪһԺеĿȥ
ͬģ䲻Ծ˵ϣбһССкӣʹ
ǫǫ
ƺ˵һ仰½㿴һǱѪذף׷ʲô
ҲӢۣ
½㻨˺ܾõʱ䣬ҲþȫŽǾ仰һһ˵ꡣ
Ӣۡ


73 
һ,һҼҵѰҴߣ֣Щַˣ,Щڵ,ûѡ
ЩѾ,ϵ죬ЩûбѲܿ˵
ֻǰһЩƫ,Ѫδ䲻˵,ȴָһָӵһ
֪˵ʲô½Ȼӵȷټ
˵˫Ů
˵,Ŭص˵ͷ

Ŭص˵ͷ,۶밧ؿ,ָ
ƽʱǸǿˣЮͼ,ǹɷԼ֧һ,Ҳδʲô,ʱ˼Բ
˲صģ½,֣ص˵С˼չǧǮһỤ÷һ˫Ůȫ
һ,ȥ,˷˵˫ۡ
Ѿûл,ӻԣüüؽѣ
Ѱüȴ֮ǰüڹһؽѣҲͻȻͨͨ޲سȥǵؽԺģиӣۣע⵽ΪʲôüſھȴȫȻأ
طʱŷ֣ԣؽѸ˲߰Ķ˼վ̳Ժһ˭ҲԷ֡
ǴʹȫؽѸ֮󣬶׺ӻֵ̿¶˳
ɫڣǸСܿˣܿ콫ߴһиһʮŮһкһȻǶ׿ŮǸûκĶס
ȣýǣȻѰһûĻ峵ҲУΧһƬ϶гǵİ취
ɾȥ
ֻ⼸ճԺһ㣬ûô˯ǿסͷĿѣǿЦЦüأ
ӻ࿴˿׳һԭؽؽѣģȴϡ
Ȼأ
̧˫۾ƺ˵ڡ
üлҪɾ
ʲô
Σѣɾȣɾ飬˷Ϊ飬Ϊ壬ɾعһ
ǲ̫ˣźеҲʼͣҪסȴֲĲ֡
ȫڲ
ԺſھǴʱ̽һԴСһֺúһ̽½ɾ
һ㶣ôû㡭
¶ųˮζѪζȻǲסǹʪĳζˮλãǫٿһŻ̿ͻȻˡ
㿴˵һȣ
ɾֵĺһӹ˵ϣҡ
žУôţôţ
ɾɾ
ǱѾ˲֪ǧ˵Ѫһ˿ҲûʲôϵһѾסķ٣ҪдǰͱȥȻͣסˡ
ôܻţҧоۿһһô˱ɱô˶ţôܻţ
˦һºУһŽߵȥҪǳǡ
Ȼܿơ˵
һÿơ˼ҪߣͬģСɣжס
뿪ʱôЩЩˮЩ
ߺȻһӣҴҸϹȥʱͬһѽǸϡ
졭첻Ҫˮˡ̧ͬۿ촽˵ߡ
˵ҪߣǾŶ̱£ҧѪȴûп޳
½㿴˿ͬģֿ˿ףӣͻȻüȥ
Σѣɾȣɾ飬˷Ϊ飬Ϊ壬ɾعһ
뿪侲˵뿪
бкţӺţöųҪμˮӣˮûʲôͬĲУӲУ׿ҲС
ǾֻʣӺһ·֪ԼģʱûùЩС涼ڰˣƬ̣͸˸е㺮ᣬǸ峵˭Ҳû˼ͬķŵϣһȺ˴ҴææرӺȥ
ǶȼգǴδͬʱʿŰſȥǰǻᣬͷһԼļ԰ܿļͷ
ǺҸĻ䡣İҪȫԸһǵļ԰Ϊһ߿һᱻȻǺһ
Ӻȥİڷӣһ㽫ССĶɢ˶˵ǰͨҪǵˣᱻɱ
ɾΣСĵһ䡣
ǰ˵ϵԽãǵԽࡣ
ʵǺܾǰܾúϱӵ¡˳Ӫһǿƽ֣е㲻ģΪ֮ܽõ¡
˳⣬ӽ󣬲ЩƱͳì֣Сʲôţ
ҹɫ˿ȳһΪĻѾյ硣
¾ͣǸƫϣһ֧˶ӵĺ󷽣ңңغα鰵Ͷ
ɱе𣿡ʡ
ǸƫһΪλѲɣ
ûϣǾǳˣ롣
СԸϵ·ȥԼγУӭȥ
Ҫ𣿡˵Ѿӽˡ
̫ã˵Ҫսپ
һ£һŵƱ뻮һìһӰȼ죬Ʊûü鵶б˺һȱڣǵȱڱ˴źУϯȥʿɸɾ
ƫɫˣ˵͵Ĵ棬Ҳۼʶ֣û뵽һ٣һˣİ
Ʊ֣ŭһԭǰĶʮƱ㲽ǰΧڳƷ϶֮䣬ڸߴ죡
Ӧһʧˡƫ룬Ȼδܽ˻׽ȥ
һʮͻأΪ¸Ũ⣬Ҳܿҹе½ԣƫʶǵǸгʱЩƤޱȵľƣЩƱȻƿĳһΪˡ
Ǹ꽣͵ļһ֧ʸѪѸȾѣȻվɭĿ⣬Բһˡ
꽣;ʿʬ壬һһ˹ʮĵʿѾȫȻɢˡ˵ø׼ȷ㡭Щʿ˵ǰȫˡ
ӦøϽ뿪ѾһΣΪʲôڶ£
ǸѾǰѪ۾ȴһ˿ʹҲûС
Цƫεѵ룬صˣΪʲôЦ
ôЦ
½ȷ΢Ц˵Ǿ仰ģ³ÿһ֣ϵĵһ֡
һ֮󣬡ȱ֮ԼװĽǾ仰Թʼڴ¡
Ҳˣܣ˵


74 
еΧ׷½زûе
ʵ,󲿷СٴţĿĵڳнӶѡʢ翪ʼǰǻж־ڿǵʬɽѪѴʱЩʵû˼׷ĳС
Щ߼Ȼû,æų,ϷֶµһŲ,͢ȥ
ڲֻʵĹ֮Уֻ˾ͽʮһӣƽ¥,ĬעųһƬ𺣡
ƴ󣬳,ز䣬ºЯͬ,СʵЩԻؿ,Ϊβºһͬ뿪
һ,ºͶƽ˵Գ뿪
ʾʲôĴ,ʮһӻǺףܹ֪ߵǴҳ,һμеҪ˵,ΣΪʱδ,ȥԴգ
λźۣԵø¸ߵĵ,̲ס¶һЦݡ
Ӵϻ۶,Ȼ,Ѿ̲סȥλʵ֮ʱǸ̺Ĵˡ΢Цܿ
ǿǸ翶δˣȷһ;ǹ֮ףǴɱ׿ıߣӽΪ˷йŭΨһĿꡣ
ֻҪ£ܹ뷽跨˵ŭؾ£Լϡ
Ҫʱ򣬾ڡÿһĳ죬Ҳû˿ĻźͱУ£𢡣
ƽ¥µȵģнֵ̿ͬɥ֮ȮʡǸ˺۷ģ峤ͷϵĽ͹ڶһ˿ׯضȻķʶغһ
ȻײվһĻȴҲδˣûиóλõļڼ
ϼڼ˫ƽԴһ㳰۾еľηתΪŭ
˾ͽߵúһһǰְƵʵд£
ʵؿһۣǰݱˣֺαʶ׿£
һҭǻʲ£²ͻȻʶǲܴݻ˵־ģʵƷлǳԶԽֻһǵҲ˶׿ƵԵɡЩأҰıߵʵľֹȣģ߽硣
ǸΪʷص硣
ڼۿʶţʱǰһߵһ䣬
Ǹ硱Ѿܾˣֻǳ˼ڼ֮⣬κ˶ûвѡҫϣԼһܹƾĲкھԵı֮Ϊ촷ۣһͬΪ촷۵ĻЩؽڱ塢Ϊظǰһţ΢ӿһ̡
ߣڻعֱˣǷԸ̴ӣȫ
룬ּһ䣬Ѳȫǣһģ
Զ½ԣǵ·ھһβ֮󣬵ʮּѣϾ⸽ǹЩܵϰյȻֵȸûаФʵá
ȫصģΪ֮󣬳ɱ⣬ҲѸٵسˡ
ģģţģŮˣʳģ峵Դ˸ȫ˾Щۡ
۵ڰ峵ϣѪһѳʳꡣ
˭ҲĿ⣬Ȼ͸Ľ
ҪϢһ𣿡ʮֿʵڸûʲôˡ
ܵȳ˳Ƿ𣿡ﷴһ䡣
гĬһúºͣϢһ°ɣ䡣
Żһ··ʬһߵһߣЩûȥģЩ֮˵׾죬ſﺿ
֮ҹӣһ޶һļž
֪˯˶ã峵нЩٻΧϢĶ޷ǲòװ㾲׶ڰ˯ѡ
ԭƽԭӱʬ֮󣬺ˮȻ˳ĴʮرһƬ󣬵ǽҪõʬ壬ȻҲ͵˱ǵĶ
ڿޣͬģֺҵӣƺһ䣬˻ش
ǳ¼ɡ
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½ھһʺУ֪ô𣿡
ƺĬһ֪
ƽ𣿡Ｑеʵެɩӣаһô
ȻǺĻҲûꡣ
ǸúӣⲻҲй壬ˬ󷽵
֮ǰ˭֪˭ôѡأ
ֻһʱ쿪СŮѣ׷ǹʣҲûܹͣ룬ɶĸ׺Ͱ佣Լˣܿ
ֻҪһ˾ȥҲ
ˡͻȻ˵
ʲôûʶ⣬ɵˣ
бܿ⣬û˵ɾΣҲû˵ެϺͰ佣ǰδеׯ˵
ûĸߣȷ˳ŵһС

ѾСˣµ׼򣬲㰢ĸǣҲĸ߲ǡ֮£㵱˼
۽ΣܻỤġ
Ҳûмȥ
۾ôʹһҹ̫ճ
ֻЩڻĹЩķе
ֺӳʱƺβʵųʻѪҺԼָǿģڴ֮ϵ
Ӱ峵͵пڰ峵С˶һ׷׾۹ʳʶ̣ϾӦκһˡ
ⲻĴȷˣѾˡ
Ϊɶģ
һʱҾһЩ룬һȷˡ˵𣿡
˵
ȻҪϲ㡣
ī˵顣
ô˵ΪһЩأΪӦһЩϾо֮ڸ֮ǰǿԸһЩġ
ż˵֪ǲĴܾˣһһɲζ
Ҫͣ˵ͱŰɡ
гĬһȻû
һȲˣҪ㡪װˡԸΪ֮սļ԰׻ʱ


75 
ȥη
,ڳ˶ѾϡPTSDΨһ˶׵˻ɱ˸ɸɾѡPASS
ȥ,Ρ,ܲʺͬиս,ѡҲPASS
ȥǻܫ,һҪ·ܸڻһ,ر̫ƽ,ѡҲPASS
󲿷Ҳ,Ķ黺ȷ,һ·򶫣򶫡
ȥ,,ȥ¸Ƿӣũ,ܼġ
ֻСҲ·ˣûʲô,ͬҲûͬ˵ҪȥѰɷ֮ࡣ
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⺢Ǹʵ,ֻܼĸ,һž۲źá
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ҲĪ
ˣʲô
⡭ҭһ£Сֿڣ࣬δؾ͡
϶ˡͬڰ峵ϣпףͷҲ̧ؼŷ첹ǽһƽһֺá
ǰŬϳһ£ﲻŮʲôҲΪĸǿ¡
˶¿׺̸ûװûͬæ߻ƤҲûһ£½ǱҪʱһͬ˳ϳֻвСָָڳݲһ䣬ˣ
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峿âɵ̫ͶƱ仰˶Ծ̧ͷ˿գͬĿ˵ˡ
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ϱѽһӵ̫̫ЦеͬģкǸεСӡ
׺ﻹǲ½Ҳ罻Ͽǻһ˲켫ˡ
ǣͬƺеЦûЦֻ¶һ쬵Цݣھӡ
һƺҲеΣʮϱ߼֮󣬺뽫קŻŬظǴ
ңѽ
ǡڸҳˣףס
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⡭ĺˣƴӣѣλɾѽ
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ϱڿȥˣקؽ˻ȥҲؼýſٵؿٳһ³׷Ҳظؿʼɻ
Ŀ϶ʳͲǳ󶼵װˮʱȻضˮԲرˮˮʶܸӿˣҲڣһ϶ҪϽЩˮ
ȻʰԼͬĺһСܵȻ㶫ԡ峿һֱڣһˮû״̬Ҳʵڰסˡ
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ǲ۷ϹתƣȻѰô֤ûôѹι⸽æ죬ʱһС֦ˡ
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ڽоְ͢ٺ»Ӧס˵Ϊʲôӳˣ»б֪֪߳ܵ𣿡
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⿴˿Աʰһ룬ŸɲСΧ۵һӣоеΣǰ
¾ɾ壡ɾ壬׳ʿ֮ڡ
ͰͰͰ͡
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ҼЩټСԴͲ¾ȻҲܴպϡҾ˸ոεһĻ֮СԱǻ˼Ҳʮֿе𽵹ȡ
ֽܵķ֮𣿡
Ǹϲļһһ߱չ޺࣬һ죬ҲǷĽ淽ʽ
ʡһҪǰᣬǸǰѾˣ۵Ѿ޷ˡ˵ǸСӻף㲻Ӧòס
ʲôǰ᣿
ĸ򣬵ó̿ʼʱ𽥱˵ԣ׼𣿡


76 
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β׼,Ӷ,ȥųӡ
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תͷһڣ,תֺӦˡ
š
Ѽر,СԲںѣˡ
ˣɾͬ,ŮɻӦѽ˵ɾУԼЩæ,һ֮ɰЩ
ĬСæһ䣬ȫ˽,ύɾ,ɾ,ҲԻЩҵļ,档
ˣ˼һ˵ͷ
ǺãܵˣȻӦչñٺòˡ
СӣܸˣȻһΪƵСʳ⡣
֪⼸λСӣСɾɾġ
Ρ
ָָͬģá
СɨһۻԵͬģȻһӵ΢Цŵͷʾ֪ˡ
ָָףá
Сɨһ۶ף۾ڶ׵϶ජ룬عͷϸ½òϸֳһԵĲ죬תͷԵ΢ЦűʾҲ֪ˡ
ָָСֶ̫Ůֶӡ
СӵԴ˹ƵתתȥƺҪȷΪʲôЩŮûһλɾ檣ȫĽ׾죬óĲ
׻ǵٵˣʮ򶨵Ӧˣһʲôˡ
·߼ġ˵
ϽԴøˣûСžҪ
ҹͣˡ
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ȥĻܺĶɬ˽ҹ뵽ʱ˹ʾߣ·ϵĵ붼Ҹ
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΢ıһ㣬֮ȹ۲һʲô˰ɡ
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ýʮ壬е£ҵģ˼ʲô˼ҡ
ֹ£Ӷ෬ޣСЦе˵ɾף֮ͨá
ͰͰͰ͡
СǸܾڳøСͦģٶƽƽ棬ƽͷ˵еʱ֪СЩû޼ɵضſ
ȻҲ˵ƷкãϾ˵ƽˣôи˼ֳСӵܵҲɫѬġ
һһʲôòԣҲҪų˵
СӶĴһ㶼⣬ȻЦеͬˡ
һƬҶʱڹء
Щ࣬Щһ׼أںũųѰλãֻоˣżҪ
յĶѾ֮һ棬˵Ʋ˵ѾʺϾסˣܵ޽Ա
һ㣬Сӵǲ⣬µظ˽ߵضǲǵƫԶǿԱ֮Уȫ

һǧ࣬ڵųʱͻȻˡ
ҼأСȡ鿴ָţָԶ˭񣡡


77 
˵رռ,Ǻôûռ⼸ڍɽ£ʮƧ,иʮĶ,һʹšһл,ӯ,ǰͽӴɨɾˣǲЩƾ,©ɶĶС,䵱Ͼ,ǽһС,ˮ
ȻСӼȻصԼ,͵,λʿ¼䣬ʱǳ,е㻳Ҳǰ漸ûôָô,ĸ䰮֮ˡ
СӴ˶ʮ˻һеԽа취ġ
סһݣס,˵,ɾҡ
ϲ˯˵,ϲĴ,ٲС
С۾һ̽Եһ䣬Ҳǣ
ͷԼ£ûƽ̨ףҧҧҲǡ
Ȼ˱Ƚ϶࣬иҲ٣һʮ㿴ǸС򣬵Ҳشˮͬ䲻ҲæϴвˣΨһףɵû̫䣬¯ɲǺԼһҡ
ɻͱȽϱˣǸɻʱʱܹˢøжȣ˶ֱ˫ĿҿȫǻңȻƤͱȱ˰ɫţһ죬ɾ̫ˡ
վ£Щһ߸ɻһߴߴӣȻһϤİĸо
ڵģȻЩæͺɳݿˣУ𭣬Ϊ⸽̫ԵʣһȦץֻɽӲˡ
֮£ҪҰæ𣿡
ôʱСӻش÷ǳնȻأɾ಻֮ġ

ձȥݻųСʮŵ˵˭ΪҾټǨռ֮⣬ҼȻмռ֮أ
˵˵˲ٰɣ
С֮Աǣƾ˶ڣѵܶؾǸҷңѵ󺺵£йģ
⻰ƺеͷ
кЦһ
Цʲô
Цûط˯нӵҲܿ졣

Сӻװֳ彣ĵĴ磬һسˡǵλȻ˼ͷ󣬵ͷһƥҲûУǽ½ԼӣȥųˡȻûǴһ
ܵҲóţȥһǧĶϳ˺ôǸ֮⣬ಿ־ΣǼֻʣһȺˣӼۡ
ˣ˵ҲţĴ壬ֻӻʱСԺͣȫͣҲûӲſſ𾢡
ʲôء
ǰͷˣܿˣ
׽˵ܵȥϴװףҲչȥһ¡ͬһ߸һ߻һ̶߽ʲô
Ī̫ҲĪͬô˵ģ㣬̫Ļġ
һûŵŵ˳û¡
ţ˵õģֹǿؼҵĹҲõģͬĶһ£Ҳа
ͫ׵
׵ƺҲһ⣬ôС
ʲôеģؤȢģΪˣȻöԼ㡣ͬն˵㻹룬ɼһòģ룬ܻһƬˣ
ˣǡǱϾס
Σסǽ½ɾӣƾǼŵĸˣһ·ϴ򲻵زҹϲߵˣƽ״ųأͬ˵ɲΪʹԼȥģҪҲѰ½ɾƫֳ֣Ǽµôģ
ٴϽ߿ˡ
ʱ䣬СӻˣȫҶӭ˹رڴô˵
ЩҲô˵ģֻųػֲ迤صһã飬ұȥشȿԷˣ
ȫһϲأһƬвСֱʾȥؾͲֻܿצˣȻҪ˼ҵıȻҪһݺ
ǼȥæС¿ʼʰԼЩſڶˣܾúܲԾ
Ҳعǵˣ˵ǸҪؽˣܴ£
С̧ͷһȻе㣬ʵƸĲδϹǽ
аɡ
ԶԣСܱܲ󺺳͢ԣ
Ѿܶ볯͢ˣȻҲܳ
Сһҭ˵ı飬Լǲֵˡ
ҭһ̷ˣңԹ£ضؽ֮ˣزŹǵġ
ĸȽؽڣ
Ԭܣ̨˾飬۽ڡ
֮ǰʲôطԬܵţ˲⣬˼ǴûëǮϵ
֮ɾصģЦ֮¡
ٵȵȣε˵ڻء
Сеûף֮˰ɣ
ǵǣ˼ǣͬס̡̳ôҲٽ̼ģȽ˵ɡ
ٹҲüεظϽתƻ⣬Щȥ¿˵ڻ¸𣿡
ôǻ¸أС̷Ȼ뿤سȻҪͣԱ⣡˵ԭҼҵڴˣɡ֪ܲȣ
ͰͰͰ͡
СӼҭòָֻ˺ͻӵɾҾ׼ڴӣЧǵȸʿͳ޶ǣá
еָͷСӻδ룬Ҳʼĥˡ
ǷһҪܸǣȻǲ׼סģûбңôڸסҲУͦϲģԷӻҪ޸Ȧһ¥Ȧ ¥ס˵ķͦУеⲻסܾ¶Ĳϸ롭
СӵڶγţĶ֣أ˼ƥ˿ѹ׵Ľ壬ʹӣ첻ˡ
֮ǰ˻ҵ׼۷ģﲻФͥ΢ȴƣţΪ飬Сβǡ
һڷ첹Ŭüװæɷӣôͼӵ֮
վɳȥԵģֻǽʱЩ̫һڼ
ڵ׳˶ƲñȥǼɫĲȻؽĿƿԼæµ⿴Ǹ⣬;ôҲũˣҪ֪ʱ⿿Էˣǹģ
˵ϣСӻû̲סˡ
СӵĶܵǺֹۣҲأǳ͢ˣڴˣرǸ߿һ۵ģҲ֮С
ҿ⸽˿ţһ䣬Сġ
ܻܵ࿴һۣɱ㿪ǻˣˣȥѰ֣вأҲðһ֡
òȥ
λܻܵһۣǺŵؾܾˣɸɸԾЩ
дףɾڴˣܻסŮ죬ǽҪ֮¡
Ҳû˵ˡ
ɫδλܾܵ׼ˣ֮ǰƺȥֹʲôҶװûȥֹɶýָͷҲܲ³
ũвƻģƽʱ֮ʲôֵģһ
СӺǵڶδʱģ׼ȷ˵Լģװϣʮ׳ͻġ
ĸǾȥŤѪüϲԭò̧ʱϾӸµǸЦԱ˼š
⻹ǵһۼˡ׼ȷ˵Ǻұˣλϴһ̣ʵǱʮֲִڵòûʲôɤӣ˵
ǼȻ뽲һҽվͬǽһˣЩʥ飬ǵĵûˣ
㡪ҶĿѣνҪȥʱȴϱһס
һȺˣҸ嵶һſǵȥġ
ҶˣٱʮֵЦЦһһ䣬
֪ˣұ׳˽䵶ǵĵǵĹأ
˵ʱһ˫۾ɨĴһȦסµҲѣ֪ǼиƯŮֻҪ檣ұŹǡ
ǲҵŮá
ǵʮɳƵȺӰϸôˣϸ֣֮Ǹ꣬ʮֲۣٱ̲סü
ٷϻҹ˭ҵŮô˵
ҽȥݷùɷ񣿡ƣһ˫۾ϣ滹ЩЦ⣬ģһоͰǵĵ


78 
ѧʱ,һԴǡǵеһЩ䡣
硰Ӣͷס,ƽ,ٲȻ,İͨ,ȮšЩʮѰĶ,ƺ˿ɼ,׷Ĳƶ,ĵʿ,ʵسŪٽ
һϢ,ƺܾȵû,Сӱʱֻʣһ
̧УֻѪס,۾Ӳˮһ϶ǿǸ񣬼Ҿǰȥ,޿˵Щʲô
Сӵǻ˼£һ˵
кð
ƺȷʵûʲôã֮ǰ˵ôһ,͸ûˡ
ǽβ,ŴҪЩûȥһӵĿ,ʮ֣صضȺС,СɣҪ洦ܣڼУ
ϵĸװãֹıҲ֮±ϣ׼ʱҶɺסˡ
ɾ壬ģȦͨ죬Ҿأ˶ڣɾһֱ𣿲Ҿȥǻ
ҲΪֳ𡣡
ɾ
޷ΪǧĶЩأȲҵģҲģӦǰС˵ҲգҲգûٳ԰Ѫ⣬ΪʲôҪǱ
Ҷɵ۾һ˲ˣɾȥΪ
Ǹͣҵ溰Ӳǵֻ뿴
ĮؿһۣƿԺš
˭ĵӲһЩ
׽죬ո֮󣬻ҪһСũæµ
ѾתЩũ˶ǳಲţֻһƿµġ˵ЩضΪݣũ˸ɻʱҲΪ͵Ͼ֮⣬ϵ˱ӣѲӣ˭Ҫǻɵò䣬ͺݺһӳȥѣ
޹ֺЩũ˶·ΪҲûʲô·סıӣţƤֱӴڹ᾵ϣǱضҪƤѪġһ·߹ͼһ·˺ۣżũ̧۾￴һۡϢȫ۾
·ϣڽɫУĴȻм䣬ַ·м䡣Щ˾ĬţǵȴǼȶ˵һ㣬˳Ĭصǵū
ĵţһ๤תͷԶȥʱ·æµһũ˴һк
ϲʣ𣿡
ͷҲ̧·Ƶģͳһӣ˹ȥ
ũ˷Ӧ̧ͷСĵؿһۣӹӣȻſ˵
Щ߰ɡ
ΪΣЦҵĴ·˭۲ɣ
ֲ㣬ǡб䣬⼸ץءũС˵СӾȻ·ǣҾһˡ
ɻؿһܣ
ʿĪ˵ǿҲηġ
𣿡
ũüۣҡҡͷӡ
ΪΣ
ȥεأũ˷ʵũʮ๥Ůÿÿһ̣˵Ҫʮ˼ʮϰҲֹһһĪ˵ˣʵʵ֣ᱻӹȥأӶŮƮɢҲ֪ںδǷȥ
ũһ뻰ҲûӦʵʲôʱ򣬺·ȴԶԶشЩũŵĺ˼ææȥҲ࿴һۣﻹ߶ţߣ
·ľͷȻʮ嵶׳мѺżʮ񣬶֣һһקһ졣
˭Ҫǿ޵̫Щ׳ǰһ졣
Ů٣ţǮϻѾɺԵѪһ֪Щ׳Ǿһ򶷣ɱ˼֮󣬲Žʣµ˴ġ
ʱ๤ԶԶ˹شһк
Σ
ʮмõġˣӶﳶһŮµ㿴ô
Ǳߴ˿ڣҪ׸ӵģ
Ҫ¸ģû˼ģ˹Цͬ˵һǼɣ
гһɧƿڴֱӳòҽϣŮ־˱Ī½ͷ̧𣬷ȥ
˵ũʮ룬ɣҲǵĻҪЩطٺأ
֪𰸣ͼȥֱʵûʲô˵ȻһѾҡҡ׹ʧȥȨô˻Ὠµġ
򣿡
򡣡
ɫˣЩũˣǱץ񣬶ڿ£ĬŶ߽Ȼ֮⣬ոףԼЩӶʡ
ڵĸͣϴˣææزϵˮܹæţжЩʣԼʳڴͬʱҲæ͵еضЩץƷͷ㡣
Ұ梣ɿСˣ
ѽҴĿЩģǸ˵㻹֪Ƶġ
ô˵Ҷ⼸껹δת˵ͣ긾ֹҲʼ´
˵ӣ⼸ղЩ׳ʿԸиˣѡġ긾ԥҲδֵҼҰɣ
ô˵ֲʱʱȥϸˣ룬첻̧ȥ˲֪٣ֻҪڶǴˣѵ⻹С£
긾˱´Ǹ˵СӸˣĶҼЩģ
СһŤӣһЦǰǲһҩô
Ǹûûˣһ˵ġ
ԶԶԣǸرܺһӣǳҼСһｻʪǳϼȻ¡
ڰţñҲڡ
ʬɽѪϵľڡ
ѵйģ˳һһ󣬷Ըһȥǹգʳˮ
Ŷˣģ׳Ů˳Ͳع˰ɣ
ǱΪƳһۣЦأŰɡ
ŮƺѾɤӿҪ˻ƣ˵ʲô㾡ȫҲ޺һ䣺
ǲҲ𣿡
ҶЦúܿģܴ˭Ҳһ¡
ЦһȻֹ
ԻµӰ߳һ꣬һ£òҲڣһ˫۾Цڳ˾͸ϲˣϢس֣ͬһ㣬ȹ죬ɭڳ˶һ
ܿ˷Ӧذγ˻׵Ǻˣ
ǡһ£ġ
ûͷûβĪĻұЩ׳һ㶣Щ޷ü
ԣ򱳺һڻźĳʣһУǵĵ


79 
һ,ǽףףд,ι,ˮ,в˵أһСС
ȲҾĳǳأѾǺˡЩ׳䲻ɢ,ҲܹѵγʱЩҲŰγ
ǰ,ַӦõ,ǿЦġ
һֻδ䣬Ӱһ£㱼Ϯ׳ǰһ˽ȥδѪѾǰ˳ֶ׼ڶ˽ȥ
ĵӲһƬ˷ľʹУɳƣһЦҡҷڻ,ĵҲӲ
һ泯쵹ڳУǰѪӿʱѾɱ,ұٱ,ҲǺҴʱ߳,龰,һҰ
֮УǸת˦һ½ϵѪ飬Щ߰˳ߣŵȴһ־壬·ϾҪ޳׳ʱƺЦ
һˣҴɻʲôףһγĻ׵ȥǼ龰׷ҲŰεȥ
ţڵš˰ȦһҲת˰ȦԲǰĳ೤ĳͬΪһһ㣬ײ⼸׳֮䣡
ÿɱһˣɱһֻǲ֪ΪΣʱʱƫң׼һҲĺ£΢΢½ǣһһ
Ϊߵ˶ѱɱѾתؿ
żλٱȾŭ֮࣬û򾲵´һż
ʱ֣Զһץƫƫȴץڴһɴص˦˰֮У
꾹Ȼץƣõĵס֧ҿǽϵҹ俴ò壬ʱʮֻңһ֧˼һ֧СȣҪɥԼˣ
Ǻ֡ҧʾΪңջܻ߳ô
һ־ס죬Ϊʲôܣ
ƾ㽣ףµһĽͣҲֻֻ֣ȣҺұˣɱô
һصʬ壬Щ̲֪ףɸоѪĭڴðɱң˳ȥҵֵҲ̤ܽƽˣҪҵŮ졪
ҽɱ㣬Ļ˭ִ
⻰ʱһֵܣӣֶӣǶΪұżҾȥĺǣҶӳˣҲҪȥѰ㱨𣬲Ѱ㣬Ҫɱȫң
˲Ϊôֵܣӣֶӣģ
ĶԻеΣյģûȺҴɼ³Ҵææؾܳһ֮ͷӣһճʬ壬ͷͨһˣ
Ȯ״λ˸񣬡ֻɾһɸ񲯣ֻɾһ֮䣡
׺α
סڣһŭȺֿһͷɾܼ̣Ը˱ϣɾΪһԿɽӽУɾҾ졭Ӵ˱ɽʳٲƯ֮࣡ұ׳ʿɾǧͷŮԸɾհ
һõĿʼ˵㲻һ𣿡
ʲôǡõĿʼʵһ֮
Ϊʲôأ㲻ҪһһԴ𣿡ƮƮ˵Ϳ׾ٵػ
Ժһʱˣ˶Ϣ˵ֻлѷžž졣
̫Ѿ䵽˱¤ЩĵطʱѪζЩ˵䡣
źҴɵֲδɣֻԺɨһۡ
Щ㵽ˮ׺ʳۺ󣬻ӺСĸˣ
ЩŵŸɫ׳
Щ²壬˺ۣũˣ
ԼЩһס׼͵ģ׽
ǸʮŮ
һ˲䣬½Ȼеʲôˡ
Ըʵĵ˵ҲܻһԴ
ϱҪҷŹԣֻһ
Ȼ뻨ףȴʮɵ϶ʱ¶ϲ飬ɾ뽲
ֻҪűҵĺиӲ˵ҾͷŹҵĵҲǵĵ
ǰѳİĳǰͱȥһ˲䣬Ǹ³ģģТ˳ģҳϵĶӣ̱ȥ
ĳӡȫĳӣСëɫ̰ƣûûأ˲𣿣ΪֻĶҪĶأ
ڣδ棿
ϱ˳һƣߵÿһӣŻ׵һε˹ȥ
Щ˲Ӫǲս̱ǲɵģҪܼƳҪηҪ
·ʲôս·һֻèͷӥǣɱɱЩҲˣʲôϷСڻңֵһʲôɱɱˣᷢһ
һȺˣǽһȦҲɱһȦʵɱò࣬Ϊ˺Ⱥȵľǲǰȵ߻ŵĿճǰʱЩѾɢòˡ
ЩҲӵòˣֻʣϱ̱ڵϣӵʬ塣
ȻӦôһλ˵ˣҪһЧʣսĳԣǰվˡ
һ£˵㻹ӣ߸ӣǶģ
˫޺˵һ˲ˣţֻ֣Ҫǰȴһߵڵϣ
Ȳɱ㣬˵ܵúĶѵ꣬Ȼ㽲
ʵ̫ңһڳǽϴһȺ͵Ϯȥһһ׽һһʵֻ̫ʮ꣬˼ֶӣڱӺһȺϱɪɪ
ɾǶǺӰͷ̫̫һȺСӣһݺᣬɾҼгԩҲãҲöԺ֡
Žһǰ̫̫Ŷһ˺󣬺ܿ޿ˣϵľ͸ˡ
ȻŮԼûüһ·
գۣλϵĽڵƻһһƶŻĹԡ
û𣬡˵Ҵ˵ҷŹǣҪֵֶ׷ɱҼҾ쵽ĺǡ
ɾԸģ
ҵȽԸ¶ģȥѰɾ
ϣǸѰɾĳҵȡ
͢Ƕ˵ʲôȡأ
˦һºУƽ룬׼ڳһ̬ʱλϸͻȻ
Ľȷڵʱе㲻ԣǰѷǶ˱ʯذ۾ʣһԶӲûȥ
а˳˦ѪʱһƬ˷ļкͿ޺ǾȻûٳˡ
ǰһǰһǼŮ커Щӣ˼ҪҪǶȥʱ⴫˼ٵĽŲ
ƺŮˣˡ
ǸѪŵģ֮еһԴԺ﷭ţţ֮Уؼš
ƺڹµֻѾľ϶˼š
ֻߣֻһܵģģŭĽͣ
һУ׼ڳ̬ʱǸܵſڣ֣
ǸյúȺȵӺȻʲôһ£Ȼ΢侲
е㷴ӦǵȷǶףʮ·̣ܹģ
ڽ˵
һ׸û⣬һ
ΪΣҪЦˣΪҪΪ룬
Ϊ룬С˵ΪԼ
ɱ˹õˣת򶭰ʱһҲ


80 
׶ʵ֪,ʼһ峿
µĲѾʮοȺ빬ر¡Ĵ󳯻ׯ϶¡ص,һ˿һáȻ,δ,мλѡ˹Ů빬Ϊӵ飬ڡŮҲҪر,ϴ֮ȴ³ӵһΡ
ûһƬҴææĽŲ,Լ޷ŵجġ
Ȼӡ󸸡,һˣĹŮǶƭŵȷǴ¼õģǼСŮСԸðΪϢҪϿȥ
κʤϼۣǸ峿ɢڳ·ϣһҲû£Щ,ӿ־ǣ⵽һʲôأ
ΪǸСŮС뿪ǰ˸ġ
˹ţӻdҪ,˶̵,Ҫκ,ˣЩʿǲŵ,ƽţ
ΪΪΣ
μǽʳˣ֪ն񣿼סزסҲҪͿĨϣСŮʮ˵ӼģҪĵģ
ġֻأ
ܲµһ㣬ǹе빬ŮǰʱЦ£żҲλòĳ빬˹Ů˽һЩ޶Ц
󲻳򡰴ġΪҲ֪ԼˣָԱ
ȻСŮǡĸоȻߣߵҪƹˤϴˣҲҪһ뷹ԣԹ֮󣬻ںˡ
׾Ǳ˼ģƿԺţԺŸͷ½ģȻʵķʽ̫ңҵɲҪصĵزպλǸϣãʵ̫ºˡ
Ȼ֪ıϣʮλֳǸʲôˡ
Ǹ̵ģ͵ģ˵ʱر𲻽ɣ˸˵һое㱿׾ϲˡ
һȻ˪ѩºȪ߽ˣָоʲʲô޸ϵ
½һ̴ֲˮͰڽˣ˾ʱһкͣЦǺǵһ죬Ѱ÷·𳤰оǧǧһ㡪ʮκ˶ͬԵˣֻһҲֻһ
ҲˣǸʮֹ¶ˡ
֪δںεأֻʮСĵؽÿһ˶ʡ
ڳ֮ңЩѾ֮ȻЩ˷һʱһҲûǡ
˵ķǱȻģѹ̫ãܻ˳ܲס
λһҲԣӲ𣬸ᣬ̲סصģǻıԹһ𱬷ʱǺεȿµĹ⾰
Դһͬ˳룬һֱʵʵδȺȷǵһθ֮¡
˽ƥʮ·ұʱޱԼϵġ
½û⣬ظһ飬ΪԼ
ΪʲôҪɱǣ
Ϊǵĸ
ӶǰΪλأ
һ˲Ȼ˼ԼĻ¿Ҳܱȶ׵ء
ǲͬģΪ׿ͬԼŮЩʩ֮£Ǹʮкһĸֶʲô
ʹˣһֻ֣źеϣҲԼĽ
ΪЩͯΪԼ
ЩԺ﷭ڵѪ˽ƽϢ
̾һһҿ޿䣬æߵ׵ĸ˺ͯ߰ɡ
ʱ·ſڣʵҲûرϣϱûл׼ȷ˵ǸԴȥˣ
ҵģڰʳЩ׳ҲڸŰʳģʳЩر֡˿Ħֺ캣Ƶģͨǰ
Ⱥ찡ֻʣƥһƥûаεģǸ
һƥͺãָָаƥҶɰҽģξȫ
ҲУͷǿԹ

״ǣƥûϰεŲӲһԱߵСʾȥˡ
ȥˡ
ȥˡ
ȥˡ
ˡ
֣
ҹɫеĶƥɫϣûУץëȵģתͷؿ
Ǹ˭ѧģ
գգۣûлش⣬һקһһߵë˳㣬СܳĴš
ȻʶǸǲʵģΪӦõ𰸣Ҳһȥ
֣ȳǻҾס𣿡
ǸѾ͸¶һԵ⡣һ£סˣ߰ɡͬĽУҲ̫Զ
ȥ𣿡۾˵Һȥһء
ŮҲͻȻ˵ˡ
СӦһ
Щ棬ɱɱνġ
Ҳɱ˻ȱһ㡣
ȨĵЩҹǸѾˣʣһȺ¶Ѹ޷סǵļҵҲ޷סǵĽ׼ᱨѩޡ
ڽˣпܻ֮Ҳδزˡ
˵еɫĬСʱʱ̿̽ǵϣ֮֮ҲΪǵɱ֮
ʬδĴ˿̣ЩпóʱĿ˵ұѾ֮пܷƬصľġ
Ŷ׻صʱҶͨﵩԺС·ϣȴǹ
ԼǸǱҪϢ
һ£ϵѪȴŨ޷ڸǣҶɵ۾
ɾλܱҲ
ձ׼뿪һ룬⻰˵ûʲôȣ˵˳ȡЩһ㡣
뿪꣬ټΡ׳ǽ·˰꣬ϱӵ¡ǵϲϣֹôƭϱֻǶ³ǽҲĳ˼±ӡ
һƬһƬüߣģ֪䣬ûʲôˣȻõĲš
ȥתһȦмСسǣҲֻŻʹطһŲʡѾվˣֻʣϱڲԫסˡ
طʱʱҲܿһ񣬾סƬϱڲԫӲд
Ҫأ
ͷȥǱ
ǹסĵطСĵʵǿפģ
ܶˣʲô
һдһһŵĹûͽСġĴ˼ſʱȻ˸ͣ
˵ҽȥ
һʱţĴһ꣬԰лģȴһҰȤ̨ףĴ֪ûҵõˣѾȥôãܺլȻմȾϵ
ظɾµĶҲ˿ңȥȦо⼫ˡ
ɣ㿴Ǽľô࣬ҪǶȱ̿ˣҲԲҵİ𡣡
⡭ͬĲڹĵذϻеԥ˼ǻߣ
Ϻģ˭֪ȥˣֲǱĶΪ˵ǵǷһ֣ʱЩǮҼǵ⻧ǸƢĺõСӣ϶ڸҽɣ
һ£˵ȷǺһλʿʹǽסһӣ˼ӣȻҲ
½ʱɵǳģȻһˡ


81 
ʼ𽥱,ͬĵĶҲһԽԽǴҶеţϾһС,ǸС,Ǹ,СֻҪ򼸴δģΨĳ,ȫӶҪעɶֻʣһ㣬ӲͷƤʼָӴҡ
Ǵˮ,ٴˮ,ˮˮϯɹһɹ·ͱˮһ󣬷Ѭɶȼϲ˵ľ
ǸͬĲӪˬϷɵʱڣ˵ɵùҲȫ,κ˭Ҳ벻ͷгøȱµļһһʯȻܴʲôѲţ伸ֻ㻹ûɶ⡣ǼתһȦһһֻֻİë,·,˼һ̳ӵ,Ե궼,ãԺ䶼ԵرϢ
ʹˣҲۡСֹɾ룬⼸գϷˣɽҲҰ޳ûͬҪԼģˮɾ취ġ
ô취ʲô취
ˮԼɺףǴܳȥģֵ̫ߣû˼֣ˡ
ôҲֱģҪ׽˵¼˳أһʱ֮ĪȥɺûӰˣ
ֻ˼գͶˡ
ŶСֶ뿪ʱҶæŰɥ£ТҪж㲣ݷǵҶɾʹͬˡ
ȻǵΪֳТȻʮأӿȥ֪˳ľϸͷڣīɫۣдһ˿־ɫ
δʮֹδ֪һаã
Уд󺺵ĺ鸣һжáе㾪棬ô֪ס
лΪ׵أԶԣԻǱӣҶй˻֡
ƥʳľ̿;ơһͣ⣬ͷһȥĤԼܼһӲӵ˾
һȻ̷Ӧѱϣ
λСӶ΢Цŵ˵ͷЩδǰݷöҲΪæŴ֮£ڱ֣䲻˵ҵҲˡ
ɵڡȣҳԵģûʲôرõĶ˸Ұζɸ˾ƣ
ұѾΪұˣΧҲջأҪոʳҪٲЩС˵æòɿһɷҲ֪ҵӪò
ںЩ棬ʮضһյƣһڣҼҲʳ֪˼ңΪأ
ûüͷλһЦ£жýЩ˷ǣⲻֽҿǼõ¡
ںӣûʣҲûᣬϾɱ֮ýֺҲõʲô³
Щ£Ц´ʵҵͬסĪΪϣ
ɵʮּˣڷ꣬ʳڣ£һȺֻҪ氲ƽɹ̫͹ˡ
顣
𣿡ʡ
ûӦԳ
ⲻΪʲôƶǿһɸ߲ɵܱܷأҪ֪ǽʮɣǽ
ǿ뿪Ц׼ڴ˾þӡ
⡭
Ҳֻ֪֪ﲻȫ֪ﰲȫ
ضԬԬʮֵͶЧ˵֪ΪʿˣԬβǰ
ߣ˼һֱһֱߵߣҪи
ȥ
֣뿪֮󣬶ױֻ˻Σסأ
ǸȦͺá룬̫Ҳȷʵ̫ÿǲҲɣ
һϯӣİɣ൰Ӱ
൰Ҳ𰡣ˣ
С۾һһ
Ϊ˼룬ʮ˵ǻǰѺݳȵİӲˣǸȦɣףǵü˼ʲôԺˣ˼ҡ
ȻɣСﻹӦǣˣƺܾ˱˼ҿе㲻̫á
Գϣﲻˣ
ͬĴǾ³Ͽʼʹģ˶ææҵؿʼ½ָտˮİײԼû𿾹ߺͼӱá
֮⣬Ҳûбʲô취ӿһ̣ʱǼΣյһ¡תһͬĵĲҽԽԽ죬ͷϵ亹ҲԽԽ࣬ñҪʲô취ˡ
֮ļܵ㻹ûã˵ҰǶҽϰɡ
Ҫ㣬Ǹ͸֪ȻҽҪԼֵ𣿡
ʹˣҲ7㼼ܵ㡣
ܵ͡һΣʮͬʱģͬ˺ѷεĲҽС
Ȼ˸սûϵҶҽϡ
вһãôڡ
֣֣׵Ǹкһ°ʰһ¸ϴͿԽ

Ѿ7㼼ܵ㣬ҽϡпֵ˵ֹ룬սļܵ㣬ͬľˣ˵ҽƵȥܰѺء
ɡ
Ͱ͵ģҺ˷ܵΧſҲʮСģҪϴ֣Ҳȥӡ
벻ܼųġͬĶſһĬĬؾˣһΪڳ·ϡ
ʲô̴ˣⲻĸƽ𣿡
⺢ӿһࡣϸϸ˵
϶ƽƽسŬ쳤˲ӣһȥһߵء
϶ܳɸܺӣ˵֮оԼ⻰еë˿Χƺûע⵽⻰ʲôԡ
һ׳ʵźأ
ͬĽʲôС
šһʱ벻˵أ
кгСأϣ⺢ҲСһõĳźãԣ
ǽаҲܺð˵׳ʵһ㣡
һ˲е΢
ٻһɣ㣬֣һ룿⺢ʲôСȽϺأ
⡣
СһӦǼһ㣬һ㣬һ㣿
ѾˣɪҪӭһµ϶
ɱĶ֮󣬲Ƭϵģϲܻ߱ϸص
Ұղ紵
ݰɣ˵
ߴߴ˶ݵļž˻۵֮⣬ҡϵͬģ۾㶵ؿ


82 
һꡣ
ס˳Ǳĳһլۡ,ΧҲ˷ҵլԺУϾξؾʲôʱӹưܵĶ֪ûһڱηѩķ,ʵʵҪ˵ġ
ʱҪʲô֮,ͬĺ̱ʾҪԽ,ǶҲűʾҪԽӡ
ʵǺӳԡ
Ϊһ꣬ҴһֵسԽӣΧ۰ǫ,·һ
ǱԽӰɣЦе˵󡣡
ʱ,һߺ,һҪȥأ
룬߰ɡ
棿ǲڴ̣
Ҳʲôطû̵ģ˵˵ԬǸ԰ղ𣿡
ϱأ
ϱ˵Ԭĵ̣Ҳڴ̡
أ
ߺйʲôҲڴ̡
Ǵأеԥ˵ܰ
Ĭһ,ﲻԶû̵ġ
ǲǸã
·һöǮϷ
ֻմ۵֣ôϷ
㡪ͺ,Ϸġ˵,㿴,öǮ,з棬԰ɣ
š
һڴؿ׺ͬģջҲ˹
ҰУʱҪ棬ҪǱ棬ͣͣҶ˵˿Ц
ҲˣͬµʲôϷ˭Ϸ
һξͺ𣿡
Ȼ
أʣʮأⲻϷأ
µͷȥʼڶͬһҲͷĲˡ
ɾ˵ֻһСһ£Ҳס
ǾͲװɣ˵ܶ໰ЦһЦҪǶߵڴ̣Ǿ촬Ѱȥ
£תůӿҲ׳뿪լۡ׻һдһ˵ڲҵİӣҵĻݣһ̳ӵĴΣ̸ǾԼһͲ̫ˡ
Ǯ˼ҵĶǺá½ͷһۣеᡣ
˵ס˰꣬ôʱҲҴɨһ£˼Ӧûʲô
ʵϣùġҡĲ֮Уȷһλ
Ϊ뿪Żƺ򶫶ȥʱ·˳ģʵ򣴨ҲԶ
￪ʼģһƬˡ
ƬũﶼķˣһҰûܸߣһ·ܿһ·սµĺۼЩѾһʬ¶׹ǵģϵ·δȫ绯·ʮȤСɱһµȤ
ǸǸŮˣ
еģеģ
СӣСſڽĻһݴԿ˺ܾã˷㣡ǸǶԲԣ
ԣԶԡ
ǣԱǸŮأΪʲô·ԴǸʲô
ƳһۣʿˣλһͷǴڵġ
ҲҪСŬ̽˰ӣŲݴ︩ԵǸʿȥ
޿̵Ľ㾾ס·ƨɾһƣž
Сɿ˯İݱѣҲĸ׵ĻӴ˷ĿӭŴģ̲ݵ·һȤ
·꣬ΪǿһӦҲοɣ
ֻǰ𽥾̡
˵е㲻̫Ծ׼ȷ˵ŻƺӣߣǾͬ˵ĳĳطڴ̡
ǵʲôطأЩҲ˵
Щ֮صİգײİȫȫûѧģ֪мݣ֪Լ絽ʲôλá
̵֪ľЩʲôˣΪǿϵֻ֣֪ڼʵʵֵطĳһ죬ǵļ԰ͱսЩڴϢ϶Ů˳ЩڴϢԴҲûУϢؾͲ֪ȥˡ
˵Ҫˣֻ˵ܲл·
һ·Ͼûйٸʣسǣشأ
˭֪ũô˵Ҳһأ
˵ò룬˵ľ·߶ˣû
һ·ǶϱڲԫʳģҲɱ˳⣬һ·ϻǼʲôɱʲôɱҰѻٴż׽㡣
֪·ѡ̫ԻʲôԵʡ
Żƺӣ򶫱ȥʱһֵ¡
ԼĪǽɽˣɽһ˽ģȻƲʲôµķҲǷһˮ൱š
ΪʲôԽɽߣؾԽߣݶϡϡ
ǵϰӪկʱĳѵСõ˴𰸡
ɾ֪С˵˴߽磬䣬Ԭ￬໥ռҵʳͱӾˣũʱֻڲݸԣȥڵúˣҲˣ˽Ҳˡ
ݣҲˡ
˵Ԭʮֿʰ𣿡ʣᱣ𣿡
Сû˵ʮַḻıѾ˵һС
ݣС۾˳
̫Цˡ
ðݸĸְɡСֶӵĽ˵ҵ͹˹ǰ
ǣҪʲôأ
ʲô֣ȥأ
ȼˣҹһվͷһĨ⡣
վڻԭϣУֳֳ򶫷ĻȥƺҪһץ
վץסģеЩʰһԶ˻ܸܵһʱվֻ֪һá
ôȥ߰ɣһҴɣҵһطģһҲҪƶһҲҪֻҪûսҡ
Ǿһ·Ŷȥ·ϲûʲôұҲûܣƬط·𳹵ȥˣûû¶ȣֻδɰ׹ǵʬ壬һߵһߣ˵﷢ʲô
Ĭ޴ķسΧͬе˷·ҲԽԽࡣ
ЩĽַھڸƺ߶߶Ȱ˵Ҫȥ
ЩɱҲڸƺڿ֮ͬУ
ţüɣǫƺڳĬظǵ۾ˮȴ޷Ļ
ıƺһ޴ޱȵ磬ѪϼǰУϵķ׹Ǻ͸Ѫϣ˻
Զ㵹Ĵɽڻ׹䣬̳գǴɽƺ㵹һǧ꣬һ꣬ƺͣסˣبŲ䡣
Һеˡһ䡣
ȷʵ۵ģеʮºͣҪҸ㽲һ£һ𣿡
ʲô£
˵ʿ糵
òǸʱһӣ֪ôһžͲ˽ȥ
һ˲ʧȥƽ⣬Ǳ˽ȥδоţһ˲䣬е˾Υ뾲ס
ҲûͶ׵ľԼԶ


83 
峵ڻƻ,ҲŻƻơ
ǵʱû๫·ģһرݲ˵ó,ܵò,ٴǲҵġ
ͬ˽ǸƺҪȥ
СҲ֪ô˵,ֻ˵غӶ,ȥ
ˡ˳һ,˵ƽԭԶ,ҲǽҪ·ϣǵǿȥƽԭЪһЪ
,Слˡ
䲻,ʮ,Ǹݳĺ硱ɤӲͬ,ɤرãȻԴһ㱱,ͳдԣֲ˾øѽӽ
Ǹʿ,ӦûҪġô˵õ˸ǶȥʲôξúҤˣԳʱ,΢Ϣһ¡
ȻϺ϶࣬ůͣ,Ҳ,Χֻյ,˿Ƥؼ˯ȥ
˯ʱСͷĨˣûĨ£ͱ׽˻ȥƨһơ
ӿԣǲҪߴ򰡣Сӿÿ°
һ·˯ûڵأ֪ʱڡΧܾżˮҲʪģƺոձù
֮⣬Ҳ⿪ˡԱߵǸ˺ڽ£
ŵһۣ
ˣʮ־ϲһ˯˺þã
Լٿס
ϰѹǸСʵⲻ
ȻˣΪ׾ôȥӲûǸŮˡ
սʿıؾ֮·˵ΪĥգҪһЩΪŮԵ˵֪ġĳ񻰴˵һ֧ǳսΪѷŮսʿΪˡ
죬졣
ӹϸԼתȥʼմĲǰء
ƽԭǣڼ£ƽԭǻġ
Ķͣһ£Ǹʲôˣ
˼һʹʮͷϵˣ졭
治˰Сףע˻᲻
Ȼأ
Ǻܿ˵Ϊֺ֪ʱ¶޽ͷ㰲˴Ѱһշסһµķ⡣
Ȼ󣿡תͷһϵ·һ߿ף׿ûˣ
գգۣûˡ
ǵʱͷģӦҲ£ǣѵǶͨҲ
ʲôʱˣ
δʱ룬ͬĽȥˣ
齣ҳŹȥ
볤СǼֱֵһᣬ˲࣬ݽҲͰª·һһһ̣վſһʹ硣
ȥû߼·˷ƿɳµǰò࣬رƷΣƥ룬ֵϺ͵̯ҲУûʲôѰʲôķһȦһs̯ǰվˡ
̯һըsһкҼҵĻsƽԭģɾĪģҪ
ϴγԵʲôʱһ·Ȼң˭ҲὫ֬ô˷ѣ˽ɫĵĵĿžĲˡ
ôģʣղ
̧̯ͷһۣɣҪɾǮ㰡ʮǮһ
Ǯģ
ƺеɵɵ̯ЦˣΪʲôǮɾҪƣҪ㣬Ǯǲű㵱
ûһ·ߵɽ⻹ǵһǮŵ㡣
ڴȥУҳʮǮġ
ãɾԵȣ
ȵըʱرʺģҿСطˡ

ǡ
ô
С˳ӣһ߷زsһ߳մ𻰣
԰
֪
ô᲻֪أ
Сͣ˿ӣ룬Ǵ˱ģƽʱҲʿڽߣ˵е֣ЩƫܸóŰɣҲѽ̯˵ǽ̯ӰڵӪſأܼ˳Եģ
Ǹլ
̽ͷ̽ԣ̯ըʱ߹һԲĴ󺺣һɵīɫۣԱͣ˽Ų˰죬ڷˡ
ҲҳƵ㡣˼һ£
˿ҲʮͣĸߴɫһۿȥмݵĸоĿǰѺӣŨܣر˳һÿϴˢСӷ񵷵ܸӵô˳Աһվ͸һֵļӸС
϶û˵ģ;죬ҲʲôطеƵʲô˻
͵͵ԷͦģҲˣ󷽷һۣǺһЦ
оǸӵˡ
ֿһ̾ͱˡ
Ϊ̯ڽݵİù˳ӣݸʱǸ˵࣬̾Ϳʼɣ
Ƕĵģ
ǰСôأ
µҲֻһʮ
̯һӺˣϵð˳Ҽʮ꣡ƽԭ˭ûҵĻsѵƭһɣ
˭Ҳ
СسֵطѰҲʲô֣ɤѸٵؾ;ۼһȺкӽһ̯ǣչָָ֣㣬˽
ѾˣǮ׼ݹȥʱ󺺸סˡ
˱Ǽİ̱ģ˵ǷݵҲģ
գգۣ˵ȱ˵ʵҲ̫ںʱǸѾһ̯ǰһöǮһþͽӸùˣ
㿴󺺽ǰs˳ӣԼ
ΧȺ̷ܴˣ
ס˰ɣ
ʹҪÿٸǮ齣икŲӺһҲؼɣ
ΧȺǶ˿ֵЦ̯һ˫ᣬ˴ʮǮʮǮϴ󺺽ӻһöǮǻʮǮ
žӵ˺ӵ
ô˵˼ʡһöǮǵõлġ
Ǵתܣ׷ȥͿصл
лأ󺺰˰֣ǳƽԭŻᱻƭˣԺöЩǡ
ȻǸ̯Ļ̨Ҳƽԭô
ţӦһǰġ
Ҫסһʱ䣬ƺʶַھҲ뷨ʮֿظԼһҽܡ
½㣬ԹбѶδ̨֪
ͷһۣϦһѴڸرǿĺϣǼӸо͸ǿˡ
Ҳ벻λǱŶ黨ЦǺǵԱŵġ
ϺӶÿˣչƳ


84 
չ,Ƴÿƽԭǡ
Ŀĺɫ,ͷҲûдñ,ŵҲǶ黨µǹعˡ
ǹعôϲ黨أûĸ͹̨ع黨ѽ
ʳеǷ򣬵ûסǷһ䡣
Ƴϲ黨
عüë,ﺢϲ
Ǹͦи̰֣
عһ󱳵Ľ,ƽԭô
,Ӧòġԥһ,Ҫȥġ
Էеû⡣
Цŵͷ
δὨ񺺣֪,༽紦,Ҳ˵ﲻĸݵءĿǰ,λƷҲ,Ͼոһμʵڲˡ
Ըڻصסʱһӱˡ
˶Χŵϵͬ,Żŵģһ˲ͷƤҲըˣ
һ·Ӧ˵ĪͬģϾӻ߸¿ʼ,ʲô̼ܹˣʲô඼Թˣû,˴ܾȷʵǿ׳̫ġ
Ȼջʱһͷ¯Աߡã½,Ȼ˵,ȡ
Ҳ֪ǡôˡͬɫ԰,˵ֻʹҲ顣
û£Ͻڰ֣㿴СȻƫƧЩ㰲סһأϢһ¡
룬ϽӻͳǰС黨Ե𣿡
ͬûʲôθڣһıСһ˲ָɾˡ
óԣСɳԼģͼȥǷݣشצӣ̼ҪҪ
ҪҲûУ˵Զֶӣ
ȥЩǡһ£ĵģȻ಻ֻ࣬ųҲа
Ǿÿɣ˵ǳסõЩģݷøڼڲǡ
Ծǡ
ϵͬǿһֻ֣ҡһҡǳʱδô𲯡ǳסⷿô죬ճָôأ
ԽǮƺûʲôĶתͷҲҲСĵؿ
յСɷҡν½ûãܹҡ½ˣҪҪǸ
ã˵컹򣬷İɡ
ƽоûлоķȻˡ
ҹ˾Ҷ˯ȥˡԭӦͬĸӺʹСС˯һӣ˯һӣͬ˲΢ظĶһ£ͬĴ˯һݣСС˯һݣ¯һͷһͷ̸ǹ
˯ţҪ˼һ
ԭӦſڣڷϣһ˰ɵ³ĬسıԼļƻǵ·˾Ҫϴ¶ϴ׻ǶſڣһעСҹɫ˼ԼôǮȽϺá
СԺ500Ǯʵܹ󣬵ֽò࣬ҵȻ٣Ҳûһĸ̣һڴʱһƥһܰ峵ǮǼȻ׼סǱĽͨߣҲ
ʣ¶ʲôư裬Σֻģûġ
Ŀף統ǰıһɱλǺˣȻҲȥѰæ취Ȼһͣƾı£ǿκһǿһ״ġ
ֻҪԸΪǮɱˡ
ûϢһĴȣԼ̸ǰʮּ򵥣˱ҪĶ̸ֻ֮Ǻͷ˵ͷǸϻ϶ľƵģĻƼ侫߽ǴԻƽϻӣҿ͵͵Ϸɫº˺ģγ˺С
˵ֻҸ¶𣿡
أ˵׼һ£ʲôұҪǮÿԲá
ûƣеĽ˿⣬ôҴֱؽԿ׿Ȼһ
ʲô
ǸʵģȱһԻƽӡҿֿⶫȥ𣿡
вȻҲҪлشʷ0ѡ֣ӾҲϵʲôˣԵøӿЦˡ
˴󺺵Ȩ͢ȨӵȨʥԣͳԣԣԼȵȵȵȵ
ʳ㴩
ֹֹֹֽκһ˵
ȵȣͻȻˣ׼𣿡
ҸǸƽһǿ˵ҸұǮ
޿̵ĺֹɵʲôãȥ򹤣ȥȥɳϽȥҸɣŹɡ
ĺؽǸϻı߽߱ǽǶȻҲ˰ƴһѣɼ֮ҡ
ȥϻǧǮʡԼãѾɹһӣǵͬҪҩĻҪ򴬣Ҳôҹ̫ʡܹ鲻ֻǧǮɽյġ
пʲôĵط
˼һ£´ۣЦҡҡͷеУɾ²ɡ
Ϊβɣ
ɾʱʾļ֣ȥڹô˵ȴһͷ⣬ÿջжʮǮãǻƿˣɾ
ʱ֪ʱδѡÿٳһٷöʮǮȻȲɱҲˣһһһקȥɻˣ
ͳƽԭǻҲǸŵҪʮ͵һޣٹʮһͿһγǽվڳһƽԭǽǴĺۼЩ£һֱʡ
СǣǺҲˮ𲻴󣬴Ҳֵֻܵһ־ᶨĻƽ֮̿ʼļڹǺӡ
ܳʮƽҲûս𣬵ֻҪһǣܸ̾ܵսѹȸС߷ΧڣȻҲһԴ׳Щһ֪ҪôǱˣҪôǸɴҰˣһϡϡСƬԭ׳ɳ
Щæ괺еũ½½ģΪÿһٷӶʮǮнˮӦîˡЩũ˻һһӵģ˾Щϰۻôɣϲ񡪡ĳʮСꡣ
ӳһ·ϲ֪ɱ˶ܺͶˣ˵ʮϰ٣ͷԲԣûʲô۸ͷϵġڱһȺũ۸оͺ΢
Mָоһ㻳˵ȱģ͵ˣģҴ鵽̸ٵֹһںƽ״̬µķɣûϴųϦĿ־塣
»ɵñȱ˶һ㣬ʲôأ
ôġ
һ·ںòװЩʮС˼ðͷˣ˵ûʲôҲ½ΪˣҲСǱܴ򣬾ǱгϢʵλ˹ϺһӾô
£½ɾ𣿲ǵ˳º࿴𣿲һţ˶صȥסʱ˵Űݷãֺ
ô۷ҪڹأڹҪһڹڣ
̫Уͱ
ڲ֪ƣͷٹѾﵽһȥ͵ˡ
˵ˮҹʮָмؽӹһڡ
Цأ¿Ǳ˰ɣ
ǣسһԶأأ
ҼҾڳУǸİСźܾĺЦ׬Ǯá
ֿ࣬Թһ䣬ʵǳ֮ˣѵѰõĻƣ
İ˵»Ǻϣչһ¹ϵģȻҲ⣬Ҳʲô⡣
ӺƣҲ飬һɻ˵˵ЦЦĻͽʶˡԼ˵ǳĳ˼ҵİӶƽʱ٣˾ţйֿܵɣҲţôɻˡ
磬֮ҲЩĶˣ˸ϣͲͰӶ
˱ǹһЦ˼Щƣ㿴ҶеóŴ̹ˡ
ô˵ţ´ͷɥɫ˵Ҽϲύºܣ˭йգҼ˶Ϊϱ
͵̧ͷȻûʲôգֻһɱȴĪ˵ССƽԭǣݷȫ£Ҳδܼ˽֮
Ψһǡ
鸴ӵתͷȥ£ǸСӰڲ֪ƣٹ
ٵرоرоͷͺһɽƵġ
Ȼ½ɾŬҲ˻ر๤߹ʱۣǿСĻɵģǱȺǿС硭ʲôţŶ½㣬¹ʱ˫Ǯ
һ½ɾŵЦݣֳĬذͷת˻
ǸҪǼµһĺܡСʣһܸʮǮһٷ𣿡


85 
һĻ,°֮ǲҪֱӻؼңȥп
Ｘ죬ƽԭΪ̫С,ܺͳ̫һ,ǲ˲ȫ̯ż㶫͸кƵ,Լֵʲôʲô,ó
һ㲻˰,ǽ,ͻȻиСųȥǵôƵƵĿ,ƺе,ֲ
˸ģ˸̯,λըܲ,ɫƣ˱,·Ͷ࿴˼ۣҲþûԹը,Ҳ㡣
̯ƳһۣƳǸСһۣǺǡ,˵ȱ˸أ˵Ҫץĸ˱˽,ҲҪһǮ
¡
ǵԼϲ,ըӳƺ׼ݸʱ,Ƿһ䣬ȥƳƣûɣ
⻰̯صһۣȻ󣬴ӹ̳ӣ˽ȥ
ȥƣ˵
ҾС˵ǶˣرѺá
˵ҲԸϽñ߹ˣɾı£ֻҪԳһֶΣѵⷽԲСлʲô˸ɾ𣿡
˵֮Сĵؿһɫ
½עһ̯ȥˡ
飬ʣҰųҲаɣ
ɾɾģٽ׼һ̯ʱק·ߣɾ㿴
˵һĹǮ½ˣڴﻹʮǮݹȥǮ߬ãЩġ
½㿴˿Ǯֿ˿ʲôǮ
˴ɾϢأСõġ˵С˿ɾʹĲ׾ƽԭУҲǲزסġ
֮ûʲôӦģҲȣǲģֻذڰ֣û£ԼŰɡ
ɾ޴ĸжȫҲӿů飬ֻȫɾɾҲȫΣȫȻʵʮǮǶʮǮЬڻѵЩۡ
Ϧ£˸ֶڴǰĴС̾ܳӭӡ
ֻˣǶס
ɾˣ
ﲻ֪ߴﹾںɶֻСצڴȴͶιġСɡ
ͬĽôˣһѳʳݹȥʱһ䡣
ҿãڼҵİƫ֢ܶһԡ
һƺʲôܶԾƽ˾·߹⻧ſפҲû˼ҵע⡣
кشһˣĵĻرףҲر׶
ǿɼˣк׿˻⣬оȻСӣ
ϵŮƵģкҿ϶һ䣬ѵ㣬²λ˼ҵŮ
ˣոջǻƿСΪ֣ˣֳֻܳȥڹԼûʲô·ѵΪʲôҹŮɣ
¾ΣҲֻѹƶŮˡ
кȢ޵ģ˼빴ĵģδȢ޵ģĽɫӾ͸Ӵ欵һȷʵḡЩŮҾҲƶûʲôױԣȢؼƺô㡣
м𳤣ڴ˴޿п֮ˣȻûţ͵͵ȥһ˵ԻǮأ
С˫ˮ۾֬һƤϸֻ֫Ҫһ룬ʱ궯ɺлˣһʱܽӽ
ͷһٴɾͲˡ
Ȼ˶ͷٳţһ·ϣа֣˲֪ؾ¶Ľ֮ɣܾ֮Ҳû
ת峿һùʳͬˮ״ˮ󣬱ȥϹˣ︺ɨ첹ͬվɫԺһ㣬ԿСɺͰݡ
磬һ·ƿţ׼ȥԺϴ·ǽϱһڣһ飡
СӣǴӺδѽ
˼ˣæ֣ŵĶһſ塣
һͭһûУҲʵ޻
˿ǸͭһۣϵЦݾ͸ЩԴӼһ󣬷ҲԲ£Ҳ˯㡭
ֿһۣŹ
𣿡⿴һۡ
ƳһۣװûûУϴ·ɹòۣϴ
·Ǿϴģ·Ҫóȥ
˼쳤˲ӣСӣ
ʮ־ģŮȻڼУضûʲô棬Լŵļױ͵ͭ㲻̽ŪְɣôҲܻЦһ̵ĸ硭Ǻ˵˵˽ȵţԵġŮɵӲɣʮɫͭҲ޶ԣ
Ȼ޷תС˼Լ˾ǲҺǽģһ綼֮Ժͬڳɫ˶ੲݣһһЩеûġ
ҲҪӣ޿̵˵Ҽҵĺǽֱ֪߳ܣô߿
ɫ̾ͱˣСӣէ»֪˭ɣͬ㽲ƽԭоû˵ϻˣϵµܳڹٵصļ๤Ҫһ仰ǰֿٲ˿ͷˣ
ǰûеȥٹԣ룬㻹浱ֻٹˡıӰû¶òƾֵ۾⻰ʲô˼
ֻСʱģ޲÷ǽúһ׹컯֮£лŮ죬ֻѹ˵һסҪ˲УǰֲƿСŵʲô棿㡭
һθ֮ԣ˵ǲܾ˵ģ˳¹ʱҲпԭҲȻסСӣֳСӿҲ˵ʵģ˵ʵСʲôͣѵܰ
ſˣƽƽ棬ôҲõ̽˳ףںԺʲôأ
Сһ˲ͱָݺݵ˵֣ǵͽӰһĺǽ˵ЩɲĻ
ǲµģֻǽһ׼ѣԶӸߣִǾܵ׷Ҳ׷ϣҲģһӣѵһƿСɣ
˾û뵽תֺܳ쳤һ㣬ֱץĺ󲱾أƵģһ·㵽ǰŽϣ
ʵҲûʲôɱ˷Ż¡˵
ǡæĵͷֻһᡭ
ҲֱӴ㣬˵ˣַھǿôǼԡ
͵۾˵ʲôвĻʱȭͷѾ
ǰΧһȺˣǸһ̯࣬ĶһֻƻƵչָҿ
λЦش˵˭ҪٸҰҼҺǽҼŮ죬ȲҪĹǧ˰
忴һۣΧ۵Ⱥ˳ȥһ·Сܣ֮󣬻صǸլۡС
һн
С˾ްԣЩƧŹ֣СǰύҲλһСƣż֣幧ظڵأеģֻδý֪Ƿý
̾һҲֻ࣬ҪǸ֮˱áƧĽģ
Ľ͡Сʵ˵ģǺεˣ
֪ôԬµһλųȱ˵羪ףڳնɱ˵вҲֳһ˿Ҳø߿ֹ潣ͣµĽ񣡡


86 
Ϊƽԭһָĸ,ƽµεƽԭԹʮ΢߿˵û֪,Լ֪,Ͼͬͬ׼˴һԸһ£ӡҪͶԵ,Ҳǳе,βڻɳ˵ĵزǸᱩ,ƽƽԭгĿº,þ͸ˡ
ƽǲĳˡֻҪƽԭһ,ĳҪһ,޷⿪
ìԴһ׮صİ,ûʲô˵,ƽԭĵĹɱɱ֮Ҫ׽ﷸİӣǽõ,ͨϾףһɳصĺǿʿáӦҲֹƽԭ,µĵѵĿʶ޴֪׮׮ҪϱԱ,ĹԱܴõ£˵Щطټһߣ֪صأ˲統,ˡ
֪ʶȤ,ΪЩʿǿ,֮⣬Ǹ̫ƽǽ˷ʱҪ̵صĺǿЩ˽˲˵˱ϢҲҪСʲô鷳
ͬΪפ˵صģԬԣ༽ԵǰϣȻһ֧ǰ˵ݳƲʮ鷳ˡҪ̺ǿ˽ҲͲǿϡ
ڡ˸ȥ״Ҳҽӣѵ֪ƽԭ˭£Щ֮£ֵ˭𣿣
ʲôҴҲͰˣ£Ԭֵܣݰƽԭǣѵ˸ʲôĶԬ
һ֯ϯ֮ѵҲܵͷϣʮټļҵƽԭУȲһССɣ
ƽѵ֪ͣƽڸо˶ԾǳƵϿºģοҲԼϱ̤
뷢׵˾ƾϣ˼Լı
帩ڵأСһԣֻ¯еڻȼ̮ĹУһϸ΢Ϣ
ȥһ񣬲ҪЩʵĶƽ˵˵иЩҩټЩƥʳճõϵĶٴֻ
˺⣿
ҵˣҼ²ϣƽӦ
Ҳⲻ˼·ڳеλ磬һ¡֮ˣ۽ˣ񲻱ǻƿСˣ
ƽɫеһۣصЦˡ
ЩоĺܣЩŹƢ£δۣԽ𲯻¸ҲյģΪ飬ñЩ֮صöࡣ˵˶һֵ
ʲô
˶ʧ˶ίԼһΪίˣЩʲôͿԵٵ¡λǿЦҵʱܲòʱ£ˡ
żȻãʵͦģ˵⼸Ϊ˲ε·ģ˱ǸˣǸһһ󳵶Լ̲ܽϣС˾ţһҪ£һҪƽԭ紾ӣ¼ٷǰסȵȡ
һĶճ֮⣬аѪҩģԼΪͬ׼ģһ޷ۣмֻµĸ
һ󳵵ĶǳˣλЦڴԵرϣߺ˽ڳޣûֻˣһΧŷ۹ӷתһ׸СɣһǶס
ôһ䡣
룬΢Цҡҡͷǳ˵أ֪λǶÿ˶أֻأ
׾ʵһȦѰǽɹ̫ͷʣǾôһʲôʲأ
һɹ̫һ׽ʭӵͷۣǳĴ˰
ô˵ʣʲô𣿡
Ȼʺ£ÿ꣬ʩ̼˶
ƺͦͷּ˵ˡ
˭ҼҪȥ˭ҰѾͷˣҲȥҡˣ£ŻᱣҵԽԽǰֻһ֣ʮƺʩСƽԭǶҵģ
֪һʲôġˡˡ
һǣˡ£ʲôĿأƽԭĵˣ˭ĵأ
ɣƽԭ㿴أ
ͷ˼һ£ƲƲ죬á
ã
û˵Ҳϲ³ƳŲɣ˰ɣɽذ
գգۣأ
ͷʼָ㽭ɽҪ֪ȿɲףʥڣˣöþͻᱻϳȥģ
룬λǴǰ𣿡
ͷһЦƫбô
֮ƽ˵ʱ½һ㶼ȡ
Сλǡ˵Ϊ;ͣǿ϶ڵլͣȻƽǲֹһլӵģȻһף߸ʮȻһױԺ
綫𣬻ҶͰ޼ʮ־ĵĲľ⣬Ϫˮ԰һ·Ȼ˭õƽԭƶȴµ԰أ
ƽվڽֶֺЦһɡ԰ӣҲסˣζǲô˵ֱֳ
԰ӣҲסˣ
ʱ¶ʵ΢Цң˭֮أͣĹֻˣ
ã練ɷ˷羰Ϫһù£ϯӣƾŮ۱⡢Ƭ̬õΪơ
ֻ࿴Ůһۣƽ²ʵΣ
ΣĿջŲܸػġ
ɾƷҾȻҲΪǵȼۣƽˡԴʾؿһۣɾݾ֮ر£ΪԼҲΪŮ쿼ǣһ徻֮ء
Ӧֵ߿ˣ˵һ˵ýţȻƽʮֿرʾԼԵҪôǮҪôҪһСŵװס
ֻ̳ǣδ𲯡˵һס
ɾ۴˴ΣƽЦ񣿡
ҲЦ
ôʲôأ
ƽҡҡͷֻĽɾӢ۳ˣѵһǵ̼֮ˣҪ̸һ̸ɣ
ȵĿܻס˭أʵе벻ףһǶ˼֮ˡ
ߴߣԹɽ亣ζ޳еˣԸٻصͰéݷȥס֮顣ֻҪܺסķӣԳԺȺȣҼ㣬ǰʲôӣܲԸٻصéݷȥ
ҲīͨãıԣֻһԼ֪
˵ΪΣڲ˵ԺҾټҰҲĪ˵ˡ
λͣĹĴ󲮳Ĭһ֮ڿˡ
ʵֻҹһ¡
£
ƽԭǧգ֮Σ
һʲôˣͬƺвͬĴ𰸡
˵黨С˴ڸк˭ۣ
ٱɹ̫ƶ񣬾ɶûУÿæЩеûģҪȥ
ȵƽͳ˴ħаŮС£Ҫƽԭǰڹ趵սϣһͷԬɽײȥ
ԣΪƽԭİգΪ˴󺺵ĲΪİ壬һҪɵһЩܾͻɢƽԭֿԻصغǿģ϶õĹȥˣ
ɾΪƽԭ˴󺦣˵ʹļ״ƽװˣװۺᣬһ񣬡սԸɾ֮
İеĿɿڴĶŸϯϵƽƭңڵ߼


87 
ⶫƽ,¹ڣ׼֮ǰú׹ٿһ顣
Ȼ,ҿòԾ,Ըͷһ¡
Ҫȥģ
Ǳ˵ȣڼȻ͸õŵлǡ
׵ûͣ,һ,,ֲֵš
Ҳô,ҲûʲôֵǮĶܵлƽЩת͸Ծ,ֻҲ᲻,Ҳ᲻͡
,ܻɻʲôϡŹֵľ,ԻòҪ͡
ȥ黨ɡ˵ȻֶӰ,ӦҲԡ
ӵͣһ¡
ʲô𣿡еʡ
ûУ״úܿ,ϵֿʼɻˣҲܰ黨ɣ
⵹û
ԭʵܰԣϾļ,ʽ̫ˡ
һ·ӳƽԭǣ黨Ǿž޵ζ
黨ȥ֮⣬ϸʰԼ,ǽв,¶ϡϷ,бҪġ
еƽԭһһľһשһ߶رþĹ˺֣ͷᵽƳ˵δ޹֨ѽ֨ѽľţ˵Ҵææȥż˽ŵС
ûæ߽ȥվſ۾ɨɨȥһ£ܿע⵽
ʹԼʮ꣬ͷڣŲۣߴ࣬˺ӻе֮⣬ŹŨüۿžͺǰͷһſ̽ͷ̽ԣŽ߹ˡ
£
֮ǰ·˵л
ǰ˿ֵͷ˿ŵĶ黨Ȼ̧ͷ˿
ǲ̫ῴɫģ֪ΪɶܾǰƺЦ
ȻǺرûЦתͷȥһػ˸СͨʱСܳˡ
ɾ롣
ûǰָ
˵һúȵģʱͻ
һ䣬һаȿϢ
ֻһһʿһ˶ﶼҲĸ
ǻ͵һһɲ£Űϵĵͼˣʮͷٺܶ޵ʮ࣬ᣬҲûɶرŲ̧ͷ
Ҽǵ㣬۾һ£СɾɺЩˣ
ȣ²֪δˡŬصԼһеĽϸл
ĪЩ񣬡֣
˵Ƕ黨лˣǣǸȷʵл񣬾ͻȻ־ˡ
뽫黨ǰͣԥԥģ̾ˡ
еĻsȷζ˵Сɾô֪ϲ
ѵ·үʱҲͶιһ黨
Ļе㲻̫ׯء
Ҳ֪ô£ѵͼˣ黨ȥкС˲ǿʼ߳ԵıߺȲ졣
ôӳƽԭģʵò࣬ͦڳдôʳס
ķһƬѾܲˣ˵˵֮˶갷񡣡
Σ
˵ŻŲٵɡ
黨ͣͣͷ˿Լ·ȻһԴп˵Ҳôãδʱľǻû뵽һǵϺ·
̫ýӣҲûΪԲ̨ףǽ黨һ顣
Ҵ·ܹ鲻ʲôҪ£ЦǺǵ˵ƽԭǽʧޣܵǳ걸ǡ
֮ʼ黨Ҳֺܿģһ˼˼ĳԷһԿԵؽ⸱ģҲû취͡ϵһ
ӦʵҪ⣬˲ͣΪƽԭǣΪԼأ
ʲôһµĵط𣿡ǿ黨豭ʼˮ
Ҳһ£أ˵һôһأ
̧۾һۣɶһɢϢʧˡ
Ҵ˷񣬡˵Ϊһղ١
е㲻Ծ룬Щģļ˵Ӧ˵һ˵Լ
Ҳ벻𰸣䲻˵Ϊʲôɴأ
ѵӦø£°ӣ˷ͽΪ𣿡
̫Ծ
оһάֲסͰıشģǷ̵ͣͣǼʳˡ
һ֡ǺǺǺǡĿ⿴һ
ҪԬ˿̱ٳ£˵¼ʿҲνںαؽִأ
ǰһ࣬Цˡ
ƽԭӡ緣Ҿ͵취ôһȥû취֤ÿһ˶ܻȥ˵ⲻֻȴ·Ǯڼӹ̳Ƿ𣿡
һ㲻ƽ𣿡
űӵ룬ҿףʲôҲ˵׼һһɣֻǻܾȵĻһ˺ˡ
űӣĿԺвûôʰǱ˲ȵ߰·һ··Ľӡ£Ұӭ͸ƶ⣬Ŭ
ͺܶ˼붼һ
Сɾ
ͳʱҲԼ
תͷЦеֶʱ˵ҲһǻѪֻ·ţ߲˶ѡ
ǣ·أ
ʵúأʱվ԰̽ͷȥǹķϣԺȥ
Ҫ̿ͣ˵ʱһ
һû߳ҵ·أֻһ뷨һҪһһСĵ
黨ԵòˣˮҲһӣҲĹˣľ͸Ϳˡ
Իǵð¡
ڳд˵ȱ𣿡
⻰תʼ´Դʼٴļ򣬸첲֣Լȡ
λƽԭڵͷʮϧ˵һ֣С
ǴӺСһôķ
һλʮᣬ˼꣬Ҳǿ˶٣ʿҲʼ´˵ͷ
Ǵ˵ة˵֮ǰڳ๤ԭţҺɿҲЩҪĻơ
ҪĻƣ
λةؿô
⡭нΣ
нꡭͻ̸ÿһǧǮֻϰҹ°ҹÿǧǮʱϹîʱ¹ÿ·ÿ컹ٷһҵƣǻƵȷͦģҪڳȥ鿴Ƿܣˮ֮͵͵ܳ
ڸ⣬ȷһ㻳ɵġ
ǸҲûдӦ˵Уֻ˵ȥظϿһȴʮָ˵ͬˡ
ĶһĿȻģ˼ʹвͬĿҲ𡣵żҲԻ󣬲֪ǲλòͬƶĿ˸ıأ
˵Ǹ겻ȫȫβ߳ظһʱӿ˲ԤС
ǸȻڿʱ¶һֵ΢Ц
˵ȸ


88 
ƽҪһʱôĵϢ,ͻ
һϰһ㹤ʵĴ̬½ܻؼ˯˸֮绻һ·ظˡ
֮ǰһ,ûǸһ죬ǺڲĳľǵҲʾְ,øӷǺֵܳġ
صظǸ̫õķʱ,ةҿ,Ĺӣһ⡣
ʲô
ľժȻһ,Ҫ·,ҿⶫ
ةһӳ
㲻һ,ַǱʿ,ξţܲ˵ѵ,ʾ,Ż߾ǣֽ񲻹ʮ꣬δ㣬Ϊ˸ľǰͽ,֪ǿʤ֮˼
ͰͰͰ,˼,ôô߶һ졣
,Ҳ¶˼,ةһɫ,ɫ̾ͱˡ
ĪǲҵĻ£
ôܣϽ,СֻĽةΪ
ةؿһ,ѹӷ£
Ϻʹã
С˵ı,Сĵ˵ǲϲС˱֤ǿʤ
ةֻ۾ԽԽŵһѰ˼ҪҪȶ·ӣȹʮ侲˵ʱ˽ˡ
ʮһʿֺԲر޶š
СԲԱŰ˵ЦתһȦ͵йһгһǸǷ£¼˹
ةֻ۾лȥˣʮֲڵָָҾĸСЩĪš
СԲҲۣȻЦأû˵˳ֳЮذľҿãúαģ
ةˣ´ۣӻ֡
ôˡ
ͨһ飬һ߽ػ߽߹һø֮ĶʱڳһȦȦߡƼҷʵͦԣ²Ҫ߶Ⱦ䣬һС硰ҹԼϢһ¡
Ǯ٣ûǮ˶࣬һʱǧ򻧶ѾϨ˵򣬵δؾϴϴ˯ˡһƬʮƾɵľǰǸıͬͬÿصʱ䲻üӼsanĻ
ӣ˵δӡ
ʲô
֣ĳһ·ĴָһСͲڽС
߹ңҲǡ
ߵʱһϸˡ
ôˣ
⻧סŸƯСѸС˵ҷֱó
ա
Ȼӹ͸ƽƺҲ㰮ãҿǵʱѩ»˿ⰮƺҲ˵һáҹ֮һյƣһ裬һ飬ȼһ¯ɶġʶƺû˭εġ
Ҳԣ˵и˾Ⱞá
·һöլۡʱͬʮ־ηָָСһ䣬ǡǡļң·ʱǧСЩ
ΪΣ
˵Ҫ֣ȥ𴦽ǲµģǽ½֣ҲҸѵҵļūظСҪġ
˼һ£Ҫ֣ǰȥɣҷȥѰ㡣
ͬµıһ˲ˣ㲻Ҫ
ŶȥǱ߽֣˵ǽ£ˣȥظǡ
ͨ˼ҵǽ߳ߣƽۡԺǽһɶߣһɫשʯݳɣͬһССıݣɡȻԺǽиûв࣬ɵؾͷ˹ȥһһӿʼ̽ٵƽڵһ䣬һյƣһ裬һ¯㣬Ҳһ򣬾ɫôÿ
һнŲںڰϢһͷūͣһ·ͷ˽
ͳȥˣƽҲû̧ۣô䵭һ䡣
ǡ
ͳȥʲô
ƽҲſڵϸŲֹһƽγһ㡣
ǸƿС˵䲻𣬵ҲҪƽԭǴȥ
ǼСҲˡ˼ſڵϣػһ䡣
˵ףǲӡ
ū̧ͷʱȻ壬žǫ¶һŵ΢ЦС˼аա
ȻҪ鷳ǲ⣬ͦôȲ鷳
ҾʮʮңҲܴȥʲôأ
ʱͬ¼׾ͽȥ˯ˣ°ҹͬμèˣʣ䲻ڽӷϲƬܹȥľèˣż͵۾ûŵͬأڰ賤ľ׳׳
Ҿ㣬˵ս顣
ǵģǵģ˵Ҳû˵ҪŻè
ҲУ
ٵ˿ܻèϾ뷨̫ʱҲżˡڽһĹصظ׼Դȥ¶ˮʪ·ϴϴ̴ʱǰˡ
û£ûڣ׼ȷ˵°ӣͷϵͷ֮ʲôûר־Ļӽ˹ͭɫƤµļһر
˭Сһ䡣
棬ɽͬСһ䣬ӪжԽƹܣֻʱҲ޸Уͬԣʮ׺ء

ĽŲһ㽩ӲǰǣƱͣ˽תͷǡ
ȻλĸߣԽͦ
ˣ˵ҹʲô쳣
ͬشˣ̲ס´Խĸ첲ȣرдڸеļ⡣
óϣ֮ǿѧģַò꣬ӿܴˡ
ͬҵĴ𻰺΢Цſе򳤸ˣоΣ
С˾һжãСĵػش𣬡ǳеࡣ
رֱʿҲ˼ССʺš
һ°࣬صʱܵȫҵĻӭͬģʾ⼸оöˣ̫ȷҩĵĹЧǷ۵ĹЧ
ʵи̫뷨ʱҩĳԲ𲻴󣬵ǶȱӪ˵۵ʵʵüŵġ
Сѯʣ˵˵ǳĺӹˣΪаʳ㣬ļ˳ǿء
Ȼض˶
ڿģװûСһ䡣
ţ˵ѽģЩݿҲɳ伢ﶬʱʳˡС򲹳һ䣬ȱţСѯԸ⽫ǣȴǸÿջɵʮǮʲôʱǼġ
Ŀ̲סСҲ͸ſȥˣһϷģ
㿴㰡˵׬öడ
Ȼɾ⻰ô˵ģҪǻûܸɣ˭
ҵص׼תƵĹ̬ʱȻһ
ƽҪʹߣ½ʵûôϣ˵ԳƼΪٱһӻǹõģƽϰʮɱ֣ҲȫĻ¡
û뵽Ĳɱ֡
һŰɲȹͷϹͺͺûУֻʮŮӣ࣬ڵվſƿڴһ̨ʣӲûʲôӦ
ΪЩȥĻﾫһ¾ǡ
бˣб¿Ű


89 
е,̵ͣͣͲŮ˳,οսĴ㣬ĸλ涼Ƕߵġ
һŮ˵Դ,ҲһߡǸϱ
˸ȥ֮,̧ȥ,ҵҲûңԭΪҪ˼,ʵǱƽѹסˡ
Ҫʱ,ǡȻֽЩС,ȻûʽͶ,ôǲ̿ͣЩСž,ƽҪ,Ů˳ˡǸܵһݲ˵ܳڶҲ˵ҰȫϵŻͦߡϾҲ,ʿҲ,ʶ,֪ĵײ,Ͳܺ˼ø˺
,׿С,СҲ,Ҳһڴؿ
ͬؿ׼,,ЩСŮȥߡ
òԼͷһվһһ֮һӺֱ塣
ȥֱͬ档
ԼЩ㣬óס
ƽԭǸֻǧ˵СǣƽֻҲ٣˾ٷ֣һȺΧ壬ʱſ·ѾΧһȺˣŮڿ֡
һſϱͬʨëһ㣬ӵͦͦأûһȷ˵ָ
ûˣҪôëûСӳͬ˵
е֪ԼҵĶ
𣿡
㻰ء
Ҳһ
мû
ô˵أӲͷƤ˵ҷ
ſ죬渾ּֿһھͺˣ
СѾͷƬӣ۲ļױ⹴ܿϣʲôͷܲƤСֻСƵģȥѾͷҶ
군ˣ罻־֢Ҫˡ
ԾغһǸ˺εȾýǰһͱˣ
ⲻСŬذ˰֣Ҹ˵ôŵһ
ڹʱ۾ˣ֪û˹죿ţҼǶСָЦӣû˵Ҷ֪ĶҰ˹ӵأô
ҵأ㲻ܹ𣿣
үۣˣʡ
ѣͷҵİ׿ĵ
ǶҲеû游ԣ游˶ȥˣҲԣˣ취
ΧȺԽԽ࣬˵ҲԽԽ죬ʱȺȲʡ죬һȺҲȣ°ȻΧ˸Բ첱ӿ
ţţҸոյȷڹ۲첢˼Ѿ˼㡣
˵
Ѿ֪Χﲻʮƽ񣬼ܴĵطܹİˣ˿̿ʼ֣ò˰СʱҲڸɾˡ̵˵գ
оеᡣ
Ƕ滹˵øһ㶼飬ĨһѶͷϵĺ飬ִŵˮ˼ˮĨһͣͷһ
Сӣ㿴һηĻ˵ҼĲǣ㣬㻹Ǹأ
ΪһԽ㣬˼˰죬뵽һΪ񶾵ķ
㿴Ǹ޳ܵģЦһҪˣҲҪ㰡
һͣΧȺҲһ
ϸֳһ㶷־ɫֳһЦݡ
Сӣ泤ȫװˣ
塤áЦ
ͻȻһ䣬ѿҪԼֵġ
ô졣
ҪҼˡ뵱Ҽˣ԰ǰһƵǰֻǰ½󣡡Сӣëˣһ棬֪ʲô
׶ΧǺһ
ɩǴ


˰Сɾ
аǼһ¶ҲóҼʶʶܲܵ˼˰
һƬ׻Ƥ¶Ͳֱʱһ˲оԼ˶ҪʯˣûģûĽַھӶбƵСûʿˣôݣ˿Ʒüһƹ֮⣬ʹûôܵģһ
ҿУƴ⿴侲˵½ɾǸ˵Ķ֣Ҫ۸ˡ
΢سĬһ̡
½ɾһ·ı֣˵ɱҲ׼ˣںұһս˵ֻжһֵܵɫԴƲ⣬ҲǺεȿµĳ档
ôɱĽ̻ͣ¶ôøӲֻܱͷ׵أԱ̫ǿˣǿҵҶûӦ
Ȳָ½ɾˣָνǸ˶ˡ
ǵ취˸ߡͬ˵½ɾôţ
ҪҳȥɡСĵ˵ⳡ鷳
ʲôϵͬƳһۣĪ˵ƽԭСǣǳĴһ쵽֪жø྾ͷ˺·һ²˳ľأΣǸͷء
ֳĬһ̣ͻȻ̧ͷظСûüǣء
仰ûͷûԵģҺܿ⡣
е㺵⼸Ҳûô¹̫꣬ͷϣȷʵЩɹˡ
ɩеȡԼˮοӣһˮɤӡ֪ڻʱһëͷСӴѹȥ
ΪһоʮĸˣʵԼɷʲôƷҲ֪ʲôƷ
ȻòɫôֻǸ꣬峺һ֪׵ǶȻûʲô֮ġ
ģʱɩһҲû֮ģãԼҪǸˣһأݻʱȻ˵òףʲô벻²ģ˼һˣǸϽ뿪ȽǿЩأ˭֪ҪӲⲻߣ˻ʲô
ɩǲԼǸߺģͦڴҪǱܲסЩǮǸģˣǮǲյģٶǮǿձġ
úܿʱƾľźȻִˣСӡ
ǹԼһΧЩҲһ
ΪǸСõȷòһҲڸǲסѩü续һ˫ڰ׷۾ϲÿ˵аòС
СԲǳʲôģΪֻ˵һ仰
֣Щ
ɩһ𣡸㿪Ѿ㵽һȥСľͰ谭˳˳ǰһأɩͷȥ
ɩĲҽһ˲̴˵ĶĤոսкõźк˭Ҳû˼ȥοȫԸӿˡ
½벻ѾĶ̫ʦҲ벻ıŮһһֻ໹ûɾľͰվſЦôġ


90 
,ֻû޴ۣҪŲһ嶼ѣ齸Լˮ͸ˡ
Ϊˮ,ߺȨˣֻһϴϵĻ,һ֡һ,һ,һ䣬һ룬Ȼһ䡣
Ϊƽԭоŵս,ɩʱǷ,Լɷǿɾ;׼ö,΢˼ʹϵ,ӳ΢ͿǸˣһɫġ
׮׮Ӽ޹һ¶,Ӽǰʼ,ڴʼηﶼûǵһֻں޽,ĬĬᡣ
,͸пڸ,رȵˮ
ӽԼϴ,Ǵϵһ·Ҫϴ,͸һ,ȫȻָӽ,Ͱˮʱϵɷ,Ҳһˮġ
ɫʱ,߽ű׵һֺõЦݣ˰㣬ҵˮ
ɤӿҪðˣɺԵú޲ٿһˮȥ˿ͷˮ鶼Щ۲ɩ벻жĶֻһ¡ôĳ
ϣҼҵĹźģЦһѽˮȫˮ㵹ǽȥѽ
ֵ۾ȻĵİҲû÷֣ľϴ£ٴӼ򵽼⣡
Ժţ͵ָ߽ӣ޲ȫǵĸ׶ΪΪָ
ⲻͲݵøѵ뽫ҸϳŲɣ
㲻ǿСòƲϻȥģȥǲõĶܲٹ
ӷһĭϣȻݺݵؽŹˡ
Ȼǳģҹȴýϳʱֻһ£һ͸ˡ
ĿҪȻѰҹĵط롣
ǼѼǿһԵģ־ʮֶˣϾȥСӼǽͷռ˷ͷģǱȥΪЦء
õġһһȥе̫ԶеƢҲûԼǿȥֻһСѸ欣Ѿ˼˲ǮƣôһȡȻǱǿſ˰οȴյøӳˡ
ǸСѸȻǻϸｫӭţٶһȲ裬ЪϢ³Ϊһڵ
һּֿʵĳθ·Ҳõοһ㣬һȳһյȽҲӲŻµʹСѸȥˡ
Щ߰ĺǲ֪ģֻ֪ǣȥѰСǼˣڼ˯Ҳ˯ɣΪͰǸΧɩǱˣſҲӭˣ˺üͰˮѼſڵķɾ
ÿƽԭȻ󣬺ôмˮҪȻɩһˮĻ棬̫붼롣
СǾô˵´ҶֵܽϰµͷΪ˵½͸һͬ¹עˡ
˵á
ƳһۣԷ˲סˡ
ֹһͬСأΪһ⡣
˵ɩ
Ƴһۡ
ֹһͬ»ûס
Ѹ㿴
ȥòã
ѽͬsan΢Ц㻹ᣬŮ˵ĺãø㰡
ôģҹġߵ˵һٰ
ˣ㱧Թǵʱ㲻Ҳü˳۵ȥˡке˵Ҳ޷
Щੲ˱Իתһ֮Ȼֹ
һ㽹ζԼһĻ⣬ԽԽʱǻԽԽʢ
ǸָָͬСѸŻˣ
ŻˣǸͬͿʼãȴлһѪ
ͬšȥӡʱְǽһȥײţһʬ壬ϹѾƲѾãԼŻǴģ
תȥʬϵĻ𣬿ɨһȦŷû˳ȥ
Χնæ𡪡ٵСķҹһյԼңҪǴ죬մһҲѰظҲ˳ڻҹɫ·Ϯ۵Ǵܳλʱ̱ʣɻûУ
ҡҡͷûˣֻһǸġ
⻰˵е㲻ף˫üԻšˣ
ǣеεָָ·ߵǾʬ壬Ǳһͱġ
һ˲ʿѿЩȥϸǾʬ壬֮վöС
ͦΣεСѸСѸҲˣͺʲôɫɱǵǸõĸ֣һҲûһ£ϸͺˡ
ϾСѸǵŮˣԸ˭ĻټޣΥֻ棬ȫûɱɾ䣬ʲô˵Ҫڸǡ
Ǹ˾ҪڸԼݵһˡ
Ȼ󣬡ةԥ˵ʹˣҲԼȥȡ
˭ȥȣ
ԥָǸü˳۵ͬ¼ף׳ʵ࣡ĻҪȥȣ
ô˵˵ʱļ
ةֵһۣ´򲻿ˡ
ǡ
ˣةתȥ˰칫ҵСӣͳһǮΪ̽ǷлڣյأǳǮǸļ͡
нģĵ֣׼ӹǮʱةһۡ
Ǯ㣬Ǯظģ㲻ߡ
˱˵ȻӰŲЩӻʱ򣬱˵һƤƵǮӣһ߶ߵɺҪûѾʲôʱվ
ᣬͻͳԼǸƾɵСǮװǮʱԥֶ˼䡣
δ׽³в̫ƽ⼸öģҹʲô֮ǧСģǵĪҪţ֮ɡ
ƽϸϸĻ㱨һ˼̵Ӧһ䡣
ҿ²ˡ
һ˲оЩľˣ˵ǺᣬҲǸ֯ϯĵСˣ˭Ϊأ
˽𲯺ʲôأ
ƽһ仰µִĸЩ˵κֲĵɡ
ǻƿСǾɱ󱻹Ѱ˲ŵη
ƽ˫·˯ѵ۾Ҫ˵ңԼҪŲǡ
½Ǹų֮ˣͲ˿ƽĿظѰһݹˡ
ҲûвƽѾеĸܵ
Ƽ죬˵ȥһݺҪѰųξȾơ
һɾ޴Ŀ־ץסˣƽȥѰسǾζʲôֻȥ־¡


91 
ɵزĵ,ֺȣ˿ûаֲ
ߵŮӾûôˣһҲò԰,ͣҪ˵Щʲôһζ̧,·,һԵڵղӰ
ƽԭǳ,ǽһƬƽԭ֮ϵģ﷽ԲûɽͣҲûïܵ,Ҫһ֧ӲסʹС,ҲֻԼǧ˵ıʮһɽ,Ѿļˡ
ĳ֧εڸƽԭܵеͷĿ,ԴǵĴͷĿϸںɽͷҲ΢һ,,Ǩ֧еĴ󽫾
Ǹ£ܲϸ,ǨԭԹ趴֧ͷϵɱ,ǧһʱɢ,ֻʣˡ
ܻΪ,ֹ,ȥͬŷ󡣶ʱ,ƽһ,ı
Ӵ֮,СĵƽԭǺͱⵣ֮,ƽıӻȻҲȵضȹ⼸¡
ȻվǺɽĽܵýѪ𱨸
˵ҹºڷߣǸɱ˷Żĺ
ƽҲãɽҲãʵûʲô
ǰǳ֣Ǹˣ˵ֱʡ
дѰƽβ֮£ܹ뵽ƾȻҹ͵͵ȥǸѸĻ᣿־Ȼײ
һѸ򣬱˴Դ״ʵǲµģҪǱʱƵݱȻ¡һ˵ɱڣֵȼ˷Ҫʬ𼣣Ҳ㴦õõ첻Ըһҹ޷磬Ʊ㲻и˾֣˿
⸽ʼջһ֧ڣ֪Ҳ֪˲ŻὫӪפڳ⣬ĴεҪ֧ҳ
ҵȺܣóпĻᣬȲأ
ж˽˵һڱԺլкôһٽ֪͡ƽԭظҲٰʮ˰ˡ
˽ƾһȥظûʮգҲһˡ
ƽǸı󶯵ĽˣȻҪͼذһҪȫԸǡ
ȥ˽ˣ߽һĸ
ˡųξ½Ѱףֻȳʱ룬ٻΪţſɿ
ǸǸ򱾵غǿʾ
ζȫƿǳأҪǷҪѻĵأҪ𸽽˷ܣҪ̫࣬Ĺ̫١һСģͻ¶㡣
ҹ˽һ׮£Щӵδ֮ڿڣҵĮص˵ͷСġ
ſܾ£ǵ֮ǰһ٣¶еΡ
ɩ˵ɱ󣬲˹˺ǽţةͬ˽ʱһЩ£˵
СѸұɱģǸɱȻҲΪڣô˵һֱͬһ½ûġ
ȻҪһǡСѸұɱġ
Ҳû뵽Ϲź󣬱׵ػͼȥüҵŹ죬ɹĵҲ
λø˲ʬ嶪ظŤͷˣظҪһʬʲôãǸ˵ḡˣֵûʲôЩҲϳͷ˳棬һǮΪᣬԼ˼Ӷķϣָ޶һǮ
нڳޣ˭˵ĴأҪлһλˣϾͦɩĴɣ̧ʬǰõġ
ϰҹȥˣһжƽصظһˮֿ˰ӣȻͬһʼ°޵Ѳҹ
Ҫ˵ˣֹͬϧСѸҲ֪Ρ
⻰ϰҹˡ
ȫǵ˶ô˵

ڳȦһСʱͬȻֹǵ¡
㶼֪СѸˡ
Ŵ⽥ŲҲ˲Լͬס졣
Դʱ֮ԱĿû̫բʱǼǵúġʱűҪرգ֮ǣǵȵڶ죬ڵϹ˭ҲǵѣǶȻܿġ
˵ŷפڳ⣬ѵܽ黨ˣ
ͬлѵģȻǰؽУԼǰ
ûŷɣԶ׼Ǹڲͷ˰̵һҲŷɡ
ЩǵʿҲˣڣ׺ݣ˵ܡ
Եسʿ޶õطǽˣ
ȥظţһ˵ǣҪ
¼ƽԭǲģ˵ǰ겻ģ˸ŵͷ̧ȸȥһһҪ⡣
أ
תͷŵĮϡ
ȥ˵˳ǣСĻ򡣡
ı֮ǰͨһԤףԭǸʮ־ѣϸ΢֮ˡ
˶ͼ˵ƽԭΧѲܣܷܲģܴʱʱʳļ۸񣬻ĳׯ˿ᾡдС¼С
Ȼǳ裬ѾǸ۲۵ϸ˶ԾʮУһƥƽʱԶٲݣһʿƽʱԶսʱЩֻӶ٣Ϊ
ЩѾƽԭı⣬һ֧ǧ˵ľӣԺԲơ
һ֧ܣоٶȱȻ첻Ӫפ⣬һΪ˽ɽܣҲǴ˲Ը˼
ȷû뵽֧ԳǶʮﴦıⵣһҹ˶ʮ·ؽƽıԺУڽҹĵжʮ·ƽԭ¡
ʱΪϢģΪӽȵǣ⻹һ֧˵Ķ飬̵ִظ
СҵһƽԭҲΪ빫趽õԵʣʹйŷͽ¼ȫɳԼظڣкΪ
ҹ˶˻ѣֻһ˵Ķ飬ںҹһܹҲȻֻƣƸƽİο
ֻƵı˵ӪפڳɽԳǶ룬ֻҪһ𣬹ŷɱȻѣ̱Ҫǣ
ƽԭԼأǣһ²ɱȥŴɱԼسǣܽıڳ⣡ܵȿԼЩ˽ظλܲϲС
˿ϷؽţظôֻҪݣǽȥǾеǰ취
һƬУӰԵЩҡ
ǽ˱ͱȥҲȥǾͲвҽ
ƽ˲һʱ־һʱļ٣뵽һ⡣
ϷָָǶլۡҪϸǷף
ƽ˶ơϸȻƣȥ룬΢ھãֵΡ
ϷļٵظһƬսʱԺеĺ帹гܿ˺͵Ϯһһ
ƽս˿ģԺлңЩӰԿ塣Ȼ޷ƵһɾŭһУֻΪҲΪ۵ģÿһɽͰѹ˽Ӳס㲻
һĽͣᱻЩں֮ܡ
һ֮ƽеĿͶ˳ǶֻҪֻҪܴǧ˵ıˣֻҪƷ𹥻һоͻģ


92 
ҹоǼ,һСľеӵģӵģҲĳһʿܾ󺰴,ʹģԽʿľӣЩͷ۵״Խ׷
С,һȽ˳,ȴδ̽ȥŴҪһʿǣŹر,ĳ
ϾֻһλᣬƽƸۣ,ܲѣ
ŴһƬвģ̽Ӱ,æȥ
ΪùȥЦһǳɽ֣֮ŮǮΪɽսƷ
Ҳ㲻ȡΪЩƽ׿ŵ,Һǿ,նİ,ӦܵϿĳͷ
ĿĵشӳŸǼլǰջʱ,üͷȻһ塣
߳һˡ
һظСߴϸ̴,½£ȴҲûֻһܹεƵģԶŮӣŷǸʮꡣ
磬ٿõĶ˵ݺ֮ĸҲ֪ΪΣɵ㶵ؾ˹ۿҪˡ
СĻ򣬡Ŀѽ˳ţһһĺɽһؿȥҹﲻǣҲôѡ
²Ǹɵӡ
ȻַۣʮᷳģѰеɵҲûʲôƲͬϻ
ʳָһ㣬һűǰһ
ٽ˵ڣǸָҹ΢ĿػһűѾ⡣
һȻҲԣ徻һƽеɵ꣬ʲôһأ
οò䲻ۣоֹܺʲôطƵġ˿Űγ׵һǰȥǸؿͱȥʱоȻҲûС
ۡ
һڴ㴫ﵹ
ĿҲڶʩһתȥü⻹жʿδǡ

ĵءšһʶǼдһ˿𣡴͵תʱѾȫش˳ݣĿ⣬ĳ˱һԴԻҫ˺ֵķΧ
ǲǸŵʬ壬һ߹ġ
Ƶͫһ˲ˣǿ˵ţ˵ֵҲΪڷŭ֮ݵؽĽǵĿĶ֮Ժ󣬶Ƿһ֣ǵһӵʮ̰γȥ
ǸЩЩ͵΢΢˶˵˵ڶ仰
Ǵʹ򣬡˵ôѰ
˺ʲôƵġ
ڵϹģ˭ܲأ⼸Χ׷½أȱֵԭҹ޷ʧ˻ѣ񲻳Ϲӣ
ʶ߳ʱδֻѵġ
˫޹ʵ۾ڰʹеĳУҲ˿δݡ
һҹȻԶι˳ǰƬҵĿյأ˵ϵĳЩʿõУǴ˸ս
ǺܿʶǺսҹ𣬶
ֱ⣬Ժ϶ҹᣬ䣬Ҳӷѵ
ÿһȡһαȽ죬ȷ죡
΢΢һ˿ˮıҹڳǰ˸һɸΪŨأҲȵѪϢ
һƵķ˼
һǲǼʮʬ߹ġ
ʿȻһɧֹЩʿҲе˾塣
ĽͣΪλ۵ƽԭС֣Ľõ£ڡڡ
ȻǸ֮ҺĴ˵ʿգԭפسʿһ·ʱܻὲԣΪһ׮Īڡȱ
˵ǸӵоһĽѸң˿ɵһĽ⣬ܽҹ
Ĵ˵̫棬ԭǲŵġ˰ŰɡֱϷϢԬһͣͽǧˣ֮ףΪȱҲˡԬԬ·Ϊʦ
ѵλʦ٣
ôһģ
оɲǰһĪԬ·λʦǲ
գգۣϱ㸡ֳãȻɫ
Ǹģ˵ӦϨ˻ѣ˳⡣
϶ǸɵӰɣҪװɵˣ
Ʒŭһ֣ЩɽҲ˽£ųȥŶڳз
һ֮ܵжˣ
Ż׵ڲʮʿζʲôҪƲסԼˡ
˻ǰһһߵʬ壬ʬ塣
ʬҲνΪʬһ֧ڵϣǿűȼš
һԴԵĻ¶ϣǸӳѪҵɫ
һƬ˦һгϵѪ飬ǽѩһһҫۡ
ʿںˣĵأ˳˳⣡
»ܴԽȥ
ѵǲһˣһɽ
ƽ׵̧ݺݵָɽĽȴӥȮһ𣿣
۾΢΢һ£ң

ֻһ򣬡˵ƽգӥȮ
ΪҪңƾԼҪˣ֪ҺɽнգȻҲ΢Ϊβվһ𣬷ң
ĽŲԽԽˣϵһ̵ЦҲˡ
ΪֻǸĴʱΪʲôûأ
Ƶ촽˶ԺһƬհףȻ벻ʲô͵Ļ
ֻǸģƽĴˣôôһ
Ϊʲôûжأ
˭
ѾǰɱǸ֮ԺˣҲ벻ҲԲȥˡ
ɱôˣһǵף
Ϊ˭Ъ˹شЦΪ˭ôʸңѵ㲻ף¼κֻҪһȨˣгһձȨػҸӲбɱ㡪
Ļδ˵꣬ΪѾߵǰ
ĺɽѾͬµĻѩϢرˡ
Ҳģ䣬ǿɲһ·ء
ʱƵĺɽδ
еʲôԵʣƽѾϸˡĲʧ˲٣ЩһСУԸЧˡ
ʹˣ˶ʮ˺ƽҲäĿǲ˽ˣһ뵽һ
ȻлƱػѣҲ˲ࡪҪݣظΧסճɻҽ
ļҾ죬ŷɵļҾ죬ظڣһߣЩҾҲܴ𣿣οڻսҲһˣƱӲߵģ¹ŷɽǣʱҲȲ
뵽ǸȴǿͷϸܿҪһյŤĽƽҲӳһƬ˷ܵѪɫ
ЩЩظķϣӸµشߴٵЩӹţҼҷҼ£ȻһϸҲɱ𣡻ҪҷŻ𡪡
ȻһеϤеɳƣеɲ˷Ż𰡡
ʱѽģƽȴ·׹˱ѡ


93 
ƽǸ,ȷģƻǧ㣬ֻһ,Ҳ½㡣
벻½ҹ벻ϢϷýһذ׵ĺϡ
벻һ۵꾹Ȼܹһ,ɱǧɽ
벻,ʵҹû½ĴڣҲעʧܡ
ʧԴڳǶŸĳһ˼
ǻ˼Һ,һϹ۵ĸһʮķޣδĺӣסé,ӹҲࡣ
˼ƽԭضǣ棬˭࿴һأ
һ֮Ҳһ㰴Ͱ,ľ켣ϻǰУһӣ˵ĵأʱȴĳһ쵹£ȴ޶һϯٽԼ˼ΪūΪ,Ҿͼ,ظ켣
һĴ,ǵĹ켣һССı仯
µƽԭӳţ,ڳԭϿѳũ
ƬԭҲũ,ֻңͻߵˣֻʣºǿҵв˽أܲҡ
Ǹžµƽԭ˵¿ѹũ˭֣˭ģֻҪպɣʮ˰һճɺʱһţˡ
˵ЩܺɽפŴ󺺵ľء
ƽԭûʲôرģߣʲûȣҲûп°ĺòʲôֵñΪЧĵط
ʿ˺ͺǿȷǿġ
ǸԼŵ޶ĸ֮ƿšſڵϣӰڰУţţҲҴСض㿪˺ɽҰ˻ղĵطȻһ·ںڰײײƽԭŵķǰС
ߵúܼмλ·ߵĳˮܵʱ˶ɢŴ̱ǵĳϵĻҹִڵʿüͷΪڣŽŵʲô衣
ЬӶôϣһ·ŵ˾ŵظǣŴˣϢؽǡ
ҹ￴·Щʲô˫űϵشƣʱҲѪǸȴŻ⿴һԼ˫šֻ뵽˳ǼĶ¿ѳũһС֮ƻúܺãռʯʳծɾӺĸ֯ЩͲȥǮԸǻһոµ·
˵⣬Тһĸף
ǡ촽ţΪеǵ״ε˵ǾȾĪҪĪҪʲô⣡
˵Ǳذ׵ƽĺϣЩ˽ߵͬʱҲһ
ƽһμֵܵĲսʱģ
½Ҳˡ
һμضүʱɣǸͦĴ󺺣˼黨ǮҲջ𣬾ؽǮҪ˻˳ΪҲҪǮϦ±黨ЦǺǵĶүǸ棬Ժر̡
һϳ嵽ظſڵĹضүرİ
ǸƣǸ飬ȫһˣһ·ѪҲ֤
иǸ佫ò󣬵ǸһֲֿƬBOSSĸоųһ㿳һ·ƽʣ⼸ʮŲ˲òʣˣ
һ㲻ȥƽıˣ룬Ϊһְĸ򣬾ظһ¡
ذջȥһֻţ͵ڷϴľƽȥ
ظһƬǽ壬˸ɲ񣬸˷𹵣ҵһأѰ˼ﰾҹˣԥӦûտĹǮظ϶ҲûĴˡ
ؼʱѿһͬѵ磬һ
ʲôҵҪҪǶѡ˵ˣôˣ
м͵͵ʹ˵û¶ˣѵô𣿡
ͬľһֻճ극ã۾ĴİݣΪ
Ǽ˯ɣСĵԼ·ҲеѪȥ·Ȼ׼ʲôԺСƹժһҿʲôСˣҲժ㣿
ͬ㶣УͱժǽϵϾС
Ϊɶ
ǰֵģͬ˵˵ˣҪŶἸһժ˲źá

߸
ǵʵǺ«оͦ΢ġ
ظһֱţ˺þõʱŽϰȫЩٵ߰ķ𹵾ʱûȥˣڹŷɶҪǿֳôˡ
£ϰѵþ⣬һָָСЩᶯԱһ߳ոԼ˿ڣһʯͷȴûء
״ΣʵƽǼ²˵ҹ˽ظ⣬ƽִͨξɽ˽һҲδü
λֵܻһۣб㶼Щ
Լͬسţǿʯͷñˣտ
»شõǺܿ죬
ɽδóǣ
Ҳǡ˰죬ӹʱΪ죬˱ɱ˻ȥͬƣ˽پʬ塣
ֵܼԳĬһ¶ô˵ȴ⣬ǳΪ
ǡ
ֳɣЩ⣬һҹ֮䣬аվܽ£
һȺ£һ

ֳЩ͵ЩĹԴǣ뽫˵úһ㣬ӵŷѾˣֳ˵½ˣ
㣿ʶӦһ΢΢üҴƽԭǵģҼڳ޿һҪùøѰ˷ݹ𣿡
ûУŷ˵һ˽ǧɽɱˣҲΪɱ
ֳһۡ
һҲûдʧɫ
ֻ۾գգգգ
˵һ顣ô˵Ҹոպʲô
ϰ࣬ű˸Сƹϣ˵ݵܲʵζӣԶˣеӰԡ
Һڣ׼Էʱ洫ſھͣˣȻڷţĵϵĲ붼Ҫһ
ӿտյװһɧʱվһ˳ߵүͷڣŲۣʱʮֿЦһЦ
Ȼͱȥˡ
ȥˣҼŷԵһ
СվˣͬҲվˣǶųһŶ㵽һߣɫؿǰһĻ
Ҳضһߡ
ҲվˣǷ·룬ŷֿʼ¡
ҹɱ˺ɽ½ɾү鼤µδо֮УӢۣշ֪òȡˣʧ֮𣡡
ķˡ
ʵܹλкֵܻؿǸߣ׳ĳԣô񽣿͡
аҪ˶˵һԶ㣬˵ʲôȱ֮Ҳ˰οġ
һƬµļžһһҲڽϣָָ
λ½ɾ


94 
Ȼʿָűʿʰظ,ظʱһƬǽ
صѪӵԱ˵ڵķҲ˵,ظΪļҾ߶Ƴ¶´ˣƳʱֶμֱ̧ȥʱǸģȻ,ĵ,нǵȱǣظ̨һ˶һģΨϰһֻС,ֻ˼ӵͦͬС˵
ǽţλ̾ӭո̨,һֻСŸ֪˭һŲȱ䣬˹
ңֻ۾ﺬ,ǰΪұģȻˣң
ŷƵҲ¶һ˿Ρ
½Ȼʷ˽ò࣬Ҳ΢˵һУӣиŷĵ٩ͷ̣֮ǰͬ°ԹʱȻǵ״̬,û,ֻȢλ,ֶȥ,ļҲز,Ŀǰֻôһ磬û˽̵Ǿͷŷ˵
̵͵ĺôײеΡ
ϴ˵үأʲôεģԺһŮΡ
һֱظǰһ·үһַǳ΢ĳĬоеżʲôǰǰŮѣҲеżծǷծˣֻϷżʦѧ
үϵģڽظʱȲ֣һƣһҪȽţӡ
Ů֮ڿرӭˣ
շ֪òȡˣʧ֮𣡡
үĺȻһ͡
νֻҪҲΣεľǱˡҲΡ
ôԼ˴
ôСӡö˵ӲͬͨԱȶҪ֮ͬǰĳĽСȵĻϸ߸ӣֻǸŷ˳ֱس佫һ㡪ôһ˸ɵɽ˳һʣµǧ֮ڵģֵܶر档
һ⣬δ
룬Ҳˣֻǻƽ֮ʱȥ޸ĸ׾ˡڹʵأҲա
ְͬοһƽ֮ʱĵطͱ̤ǡˣֵùҲϡ档
ڶ⣬⽣ѧģ
룬볣ƺͬġ
ѧģүѵ֪֮ɣ
Ҳ֣ܰٲүпֻδ׼Ľ
үԲܺãүһ֡
ǵ͡
ɷһ£
үԾԾ
һ뵽ôش
ҹһսʵЩ࣬ǽС˱Ƚ
ͻˡү̵˸ǸҹսͿ࣬ϱضˣ⼸յϢȬѰȽ٣
û㻣ƭܰѻѻ˵ô
пһ䡣
ƽһûɢǧɽҪץһץƽڳլۡҲҪȥɽҰץˡǰһغɽʬҲҪʰһս븮⣬󷢶ƽԭǵİڳڸˣȣߡ
ЩɽʱΪڵģʱģǱ˵¿ӵģΪղƲ˫Ьеģһɰ˴ؼҡĸ˰ѰƲϴϴ͸˴պϴˣĸ˲Ҫϴһϴһ֮Ҫٷ첹·첻һ·ɲͷ򲹶ҲǼġ
ȻҪĸɽʱڴش֮ĶǾ͸׬ˣ˵ͦ棬ȥæٿӵûסʱװСƲĵͬİüЬ׳½ۿըˡǺ󻰡
Щ׮׮ҪظټϺʧҲͦأ˵Զٷֱڳϡ
Ҿϸľ磬ƽԭظľȫûۿˣһ⣬һôˣڽкߵЩʵϺ
Ǵһϲõسʹײ͡
ոݴϢһߺȾƣһһţܲڿͤ춷޼ɽڡ
ԬΣүĵһ䡣
˱ЩģʹԮִ֪Ρ
æззȽϷʣѾüûմʵı߶ˣзҲзſʼһҧ˳ԡ
Ԭ·²Ҳһүʵ˵ǧͽʲô취ȴ˲ãҪǫȥȣ
Ԭ·ͣѷֵģү˵Ͷʱ˵ʲôһܵҿﴫ
зĶȻסˣ˶үһƳСɾôˣ
ˡŬ¶һ΢ЦȻͼȥһŵĳ뽫ƬзƬ
˵Ҳһͣһ£ȱ½ɾأ
˫ĿһؾۼϣֻоǿҵĴڸС
ϸ˵˵𣿡ǿʵһͷһ˵
Ҫ˵ʱͦģʦŽǸһҵĻƽͲ˵ˣ³λʦи嶷׵Ҳúң˵˰ɣ³øһλɶˣԼȫݺвУҲ֪嶷׵ɱô㡣
ȻҶţλʦҲţ˵ܶУ⣬ԷˮˣЯһ񽣣Ϊȱ绽꣬ܡ
õ벻ͨһأȥɡ
֮󣬳ĳرʾ˼Ҳͨ񽣣ʲô˼ҵᲢأ
ޣ
Ǻе
ǫЦЦСɾĽУпΪ
գգۣգգۡ
߳жвԸΪֵĵүе㼱ҹɱǧɽǲ׾ӣΪһֱδˣ
СҹǡһλԴ֣˹Ǯ
ֵүˣ½˹ܿ۹Ǯ͡
һ˵ţһ߳˾յ۾Ĺ⣬˿ûǲĽڷϡ
ǶֵˣǰգԸɾ֮
뷨
ʲô
Ȼڻɣڹ۲죬㲻˵һУ˵

һŵˣͣһƺ˼־ǿ
ô˵룬ȻĬֹ۲죬ǿԼСĵάһʱ䣬ûиأͬλδ񺺾һ롣
û뵽һ룬ʵһ׵¡
ΪҾ˵Ļûдһ֮Ȼʮɵػ⣬˵ǰɩǰ˴࣬ظȻҲжţһλøҰػ̹һ־ƣ
ٱ˵δСŮʮ߰ˣҲÿһѵ⣬ѵĻǱضǺж־ķһ־ƣ
˵͵ù췢һǺڴôһԼΪС黨һ־ƣ
һȵ󣬴ҶеλƣͷԻѣѾеˣǣؼ˯ʱץ֡
ҹ·УЦе˵αػȥڸаЪͬ齶Σ

оƺһ룬Ȼүһļϣĵȥ
ʲôңǼ˸öһ˯ǣ
е㺦µҿ
ܹʼ磬үָϯͷ˵޷ʱĴڻ˺üţ˴Ҿ׼˯ˡ
һⶼûУΨһβ׼һ˯׼һ˯̫̼ˣܲס


95 
С˻á˼ȥ,ȥ
Ŷе㷢㶵ؿĶӵġ
ӳȥַˡ
ǶʱĻƣֿտ,øСһʱһá
λƵأȥة׼ȱ,Ȼ˼һ¶ٳš
ⳡҪȾƵ˽,µʿҲã佫ҲãڼӰӵ㴦ةҲ,һյ͵ƣڵдд㣬Ų̧ͷ
ɢˣ
,ǵλةʵ̫ᣬ޷Ĵ澴η֮ģٿǵƾ,̽ͷ̽Եȥдʲôةдʲôأ
ͣ룬Ҫƶǳҵ³̡
һ³̵ģ
һۣȻеģ,ƽССʮլۡ,ʱҪʿб˽,ȻҪǰд˭˭,˭,˭֡
ͦרҵġС˵
Ҳܶ¼븮⣬ܻҪƥƽҾա
мҾķݶ㶵һ䣬𣿡
ԥһ£ëϾͻһرķ
Ǻεȴ£רУԥһ߲İӣһ߲ģ̷㡪
ͦġ˵ʱ춼ܼ
һةڱѿˣ֡λƵվ˵Цģȥˡ
Ǵʲô˵ʱѰ룬ȥˡ
Ŷ룬ҹǮ𣿡
ԥܲشǻشۡ
ǳɣȲøһ˯ҲôˣһܣҹСϷʧЧˣֺ˾ƣظʮְȫصΰ⡣һҹû۵;ƾڵǹɾһӿϯϡ
Ϣһ¡
ϯӣϯеƾյȣƤֳоá
ʵ½һ仰ԥûô걾ɤӾƣ˵ᣬ˾֮ߴﹾ࣬رʹֻ࣬Լȥ˯ˣҲû̫⡣
Ͼһ־׵ĽڣѵʲôСҶ
ͷд˼֮󣬺Ȼǰ
ô˯ˣŰҲ˯˯ûͦ㡣
ԥſһССǸ˷Ͻӣ˵ЩϰӦ˺һӣܺ͵ӺݷҲᣬûߵͨһ˯ġ
Ͷ˵ſЩʬ壬ݴһɱҲ벻¾Ľ
˺ռϷ磬ִ˵յ԰߳ϸز鿴Ǹ˯еꡣ
ü嵭԰·˵һȦڣԼʮƣԥı⡣
ԭ뽫½Ȱؼȥ˯ģ⸱ģֲˡ
Ҷӣᣬûʲô֮ǿ˯˵ϢһҲ޷
½ж۵ģ˲һ֮ǰƣʲôֻҪ˯ʱȻͳˡ
ȻϣűӣͷԱи˴ӱˣﴩ·
ͷƤһ˲ըˣҲܿصʱ˳ֽץ
úоԣ
һˮĲԱŵòϵȥ˶ų

˯ѵةһҲϣһɫ£ͷһëֻ۾ôĵΪԼ˯ˡ
Ҳԡ
ͷԼǴظƷ˯ģûʲô⡣
ôСʵ
ȹƣ˵ҪîϹԥǺشǻشˣȻ㱧Ű˯ˣ㻹ˣȫˣ
С˲ǵãе飬С˾ƺ޵¡
õúá۵
סڡ
ԥû˵ʲôҪȥңȥȥ
һ˲佫Щ߰鶼Ժˣ˷ܵ´ȥȥȥ
еȣƽļˣҶ²
ӽǵĹŸʹͣŵСҲʹͣصνĿ꣬ʮС֮⻹һΪӳǶܵ˳˺һĽ͡
˵ǸŽȥ֮ɵһСӣаʶĺʶģ׼ϵ׼ҵģ׼Ů檵ģһʱ伦ɹò֣ǼϹ۵̫̫ŽЩǶܲꡣ
Ȼûʲô˸ףԼµ⣬·˶ߣֱڶ㶼й̸
ô˵°ͣǾǸˡ
ֳʱָˡ
ƽ⸻լԺûôֹЩū澶ˣǼҾҲ˵ÿ˷һƥ˿һ£ֵһǧǮǧǮҡȻ͸ϳȥˡ
Ͷ̫ʦǸҪ壬ʱҪ̣鲻ݵķȣֻ׶ķѾܿˣЩŮΪūǷȥѰ·
Ҫһ룬ƽҵŮԭʳڱϳȥòʼʽ𾫴ϸ㣬ʳر𲻿ˡ
˰泭ȫ̵ľЩŮûû˵Ŀ޵ķˡ
ȡЩϸ˵
ʿ̾Сܿûһϸ飬ҪЩ˵ϣ
λϰĽϸ﷭˷󳶳СŸԼˡ
ҡ˵
ԱߵСԲƺеЦסˡ
ҲŶϸɡ
һֱƽʿȥѰһţ
ԿѰûʲôǱƽⲻģһ죬ҳɢĿⱦֱӳ˵۾
е㲻̫˼һ⣺ϵ·Ҫ˵ǫ̂һļҲģ
ԥ첱ΧʱѾһȳȥˣ
һȦץĶվſڴԥԥؿСԲܺͣ˵ǱĵҲҪ𣿡
СԲӣЦеص˵ͷ˵ʱԥǰһ
һ
ų˲ǰĶַ˻ȥȻͷɥشˡ
ɡҲ
ԥűʿͽȥˡ
ϦŶϣ֪ǲǹòԾһ˿ʹࡣ
Ҳ֪Ϊɶʹࡣ
ǹһԥֳˣﻹ˸ϻӡ
۾ˡ
òϵҪԼõ𣿡еڴʵ
һ£ԥƽƽ˵ȱһʶʽ
еĹʧˡ
ժһ˽ȥ
֮ǰûע⣡ǾȻһ˿ƳɣǶʯ˵ǸʯʵغڴĴұûñȣʤ幤ϸϸһȷֵΪܴ
Ѿͷ˹ȥٿˡ
ͷһһʥĸͬ飬Ȼ˹ȥ
С˵֮ǰ͸ҵĽӣҷһɣ


96 
ƽ,Ź԰׳ҵ⣬Ƭؽ¶ȨͲ˾úࡣ
ΪһôɹҲɹˮֵ㣬ӹõǻáڵһСԺҲ,չһµ,ǴҶԼ,Ҳڿڼյˮϴϴ衣ڳ⿪һƬ,ǵµþͲ,ûʳЩϡ
ڹÿ춼ڳֱ·й,۵,׼ùʵøһЩ,ٿǵʱԵ㹻ߵˮܲףƬؾͼܴ
ƽԭǿպϣûкܶ͵ϵˣʱҰ̫࣬˵ԥݴﻹдûƬԭҲⲻ˸͵͵ԹϵС
Ҫа,Ͱعס⣻Ҫҹһأ˳,Ĵץһץ⪡
úϸͬѾ,˻ܹæʰһ,еͲ,óõ¯,õĹư͸ɲ񣬻һ˯ˬϯ
عģ׷׳⡣
ͬĽҹʱֹڼ壬ֻӻ
׽ҹʱ飬顷ǡȥʫѧҲˣ
ｨҹʱʱʱҹũһ¸飻
ҹʱӴҲУ
СɽҹʱһĹϣĴ
ҲǸȺ貣û˿Ƶҹ
壬ȻڳƬũһȦũ˴һֱû붼й̸ݣũͬ˵ʱСҲ֪ʶȤظϽ߿ˡ
عʫһое׼һĹʱԶȻ졣
ѽʱ˭ʱܹ
𳤹һ֧δңֻŴһƬ괦ȥԽԽʿҲʹӺڰ֣
Ȼ죬һףΪʵųҳǹЯꪣټ߻ƥһ˼ļƣֻǿΪϰʮְ࣬°ë㣬ԴһȣҲ֪ñ³ѷ塣
½ϾǸڼĵʵĹһ󣬾ƺʿΪ⨺ҡ
װ֪ʲôɽ˹ǰȥղסһͷĹ
˴ǡ⨺һڿڣ˴ƽԭǣ
ƽԭǣͷҪ𣿡
⨺ҳһϷұҪǣҲУСΪڴˣ
ƬҼҵģָָʱϿˣҵ÷Щ͵ϳء
˳ָ߶ڹﴦˣҸ·;룬ɷǹЪһЪ
ͷ⨺һֹֻסε׼ǮϽֹ
·࣬ЪһЪֲҪǮġ
⨺̫ʷȣݶˣѰмʮҪ£ʲô£Ͳ˵ˣȻҲǺܺ棬⿴Ĵ֪һ·ࡣ
࣬ĿһӾȻսһҲ̶á
ٿǵһ·ܵô죬˳ȴǿ̽ǣ˱Ȼǹ£ĸ鲻̫ûʲôܰҹǵƣҲûسʿҹѱק쵱ţֻȵ
һ·϶˵֮ģȥľͰˮϴϴ
⨺ҿ˿Ĺֿ˿Щ裬лɾ
Ȼݣ˹۲ôʱ⨺ͰҨЩˮʼȡ
ԽԽ졣
ǲǿˣ
̧Ȼ飬һ˫۾ȴ̹úܣЦѾһһҹùˮס
еڸոûǮ
ͬһָЩ֧տٽӽС⨺˫۾һضˣǽһ棬룬ȥһоò࣬ԭ׼ڶСɵϡ
ɾʢ飬ΪһοʼȥǮֹˡ
ȻѰģһٷԸҲûʲô
ȻʱѾǨΪƽԭ࣬ϿԸعʮأǵ趺Ԭܸհ⸽ϡãϽΧʵҲûӶ٣ϰջϰߺԼҲЦǺǵҲӦˡ
⨺ҷһ㱧ɵ˴֮йĻˡ
ɾһͣѵΪ¹
ܲһ˵˲鲻ÿ͡ν˵
⨺˼һж˼̽˵ɾο˳֮
ΣԬܺͺɽһţЪһĴͷ繫ֻͷȥԼĺϻˣλƽԭֿʼ硣˵ĺӲ̫ïܲΣǷʱһͷǿԵģظܼͷĻ棬ر΢
ԶˣԼػһ䣬Ǹˡ
⨺΢΢һ£ˣ
ͷ
һë׵ֿһ죬ɾϾӣزһˣ˵ıɿοˡ
϶ģͲ֪ǽǮǽˡ
⨺ҳԹָһ˸ϣʵѾϴɾˣ⿴۾Ǹˣֻûĺرۣʱ֭մ棬ԹʱҲմ棬һͨԺ⿴ĺҲ֪ոճʲô
ⲻ̵ͲòһźӴڸ̫ǿ
⨺زʱʱĿ⣬ǺһЦҹɾջ֪жǱء
֮ͣҳݡڰ֡
һͷɾر𲻼˵δΣ
£
⨺ӣͳһذס
Ա·ĵһͷͲ֪׼˭·ɫûֹסһ䡣
ɾĪЦŰ˰֣ذ׵ŵ˹ȥ֪·ǱǱδޣ˴ְֲͭܵ飬ֻϣɾһס
գգۣ˿һëףֿ˿Ƽˮ꣬Ϊң
ͷ£ɹʣ⨺ЦõǺ䣬ҼȲɾɾֺαɣ
ɣɣǱõģһѳҲõģ޺ӣҲ׽׺ⶫô޲ŶԾ
⨺εǲΡΡذףСذһС縡
Ϊ˹߸ЩҲΪ˸Щ⨺ж˼ףˣҿұߵĺӱһ飬߻òࡣ
һ㣬һѰ˼ذײ֪°͵Ƥϡûһжذ׾͡
ͲԾذϤǸƤӹˡ
ͺһô죿
⨺
ͺһˣֱˡ
ذףһëԴȻɵò̫ף浶һϣûʧ֣øɸɾӲһƤĵطûС
ĺӶʰɾذײɾԣȻվһԼƷ
˾˲֪죬ûûȣɫǣǱ׼ۣͥĿüҿۡ
ģ޵ǸСЩ
ҾøСЩĲ˵㡣
ʱ̣ͷ޺룬˺̱ϳˣû˻ͨ۲ǲǸɾ¡ܽӴһǺܰӣûˡ
뵽һ㣬ָоеˡ
˼ȥ콫ʱǹϵ·ˣ˽üĿ⨺һڹҲûʱĴѰһժߡ
һöƽûʲô⣬ԼҲ԰ӳ˲ݣˮ˯һϴ˸衣
һ·ˬȥظî׼ʱ½ѾǸеȫˡ
߽ظʱվ̨ͬ˵ʲô̫ʷתؿ

һʱеΡ
үɫ߹м䡣
вض
ȥЦǺǵ̫ʷȵ֣½ɾƤĪգױ֮£мô
˽ӡ
̫ʷȻûסֻͷһۡ
ȫ̵ͷżһֻţĿһµء
Ժ󲻿ˣ̫ʷȱֳߣضү̾һĳؽٹһ꣬ضҲܳӵģαؿ̫ʷײƤ˼
͵̧ͷŶү
֪үǲǻ⣬ɫ˺һʮ䰮Լĺӡ


97 
ʵ,ϰƽˡ
ƽ֮һҹȻƽԭǵİй̸̫˵ҲʮСĿ,⽥Щ˵һ׮º˹
տʼһԾԾȽȥ,ԵԽԽ,ȡҲ,˵߷һ,˾·īϸЬӡٳʱҾ֪ͬԹ,,ܿԳͷ
ȫʲô󲡡
Щ˰ô,ŴʱʱʱиһģɤƣСĻЩ̶̨ҲˣȻȺͣлмҲʽƣظ
оͺ⡣
Ҳĸ˸,Ҳ˵ʲôЩϺ䵽ƽԭǵԶԾῪʼϢ
˵
ԬܺԬʱһܡ
ʱҪֵǾסһ֮ǰ˵ֵ˳˯һŴ,֮ܶǡңеһҪŽһ,ܻȥ
ԬܺԬѾĳϳΪԴͷ,ǵǿ÷ǵҪ,ƬѾݲԬ,Ҫʤˡ
Ԭ˲ܲ٣Ԭ˹趺ǫɽһƬ˸ϡãԬĴʱսս
Ԭ˻û꣬ܲٶݣ׼ٸǫһܣͳһš
ϰ˾˵ʮĻƽΪݱû׼ʼˣһǸԩ޳ҲھӣôģҶе㲻⡣
⼸İԵĺиһ롣
սһ֧ӣʣΪҪʲô
ҳϣ
롣
ͣ
롣˵ȥ롣
ҪǣȶҪʳһ룬ôʳûеĻҪսǡ
ǣȳһʿһڽɱ¾ΪشҲΪ
뷨е۵ô˵ܵýĿĵز˳ӦܼôһΧ㲻Ƶǲġ
㱼ǵòܲٵģȻӰ˵㡭
ʮ㣬룬е£־ٶƽܿ꽫
δ˵ôһҡҡͷҾɱ¾ˣҲǫʲôǲ֪ĳԹɡ
жԴ˲ʲôǿĿԴ
ʱչظſˡ
һȺʿֳֻѣмΧ̫ʷߣø·ظ˸档
һ4㣬컹ûȥϼ
ױΪƳôǰȥԮҪ˵Ѯձ飬صǡ
ӦǲõĵģΪʷ˶ˣ϶﷭
Ӧˣ׼һʱ̫ʷֵһۡ
֮ƯټһѾɾףϾӣҲ֪Ϊɶʱ˾ϲӣĹҲҲԷˮ㣬ҪҰ˵ײصȥС
Ǹεһ񣬡֮ǰðǴġ
ضү˿˿̫ʷȣֿ˿ֳ
ЦеԼĺӡïܣ˴رġȻһ
һȺ˸һˣһС
˵㲢Ǵģ˵ѵ㻹ǲСĽҵ׶θɾ𣡡
ҲóС˾ʹûӣС˵Ĳ¶
̫ʷȳĬһ¹˵ǸճȺоĺܡ
ˡ
ˣұһ˵ʤңȻ㲻ǵĻ֮ˡ
ʲôǸ⨺ңҹ˻ܷٳԵҹ
ƲƲ죬ŬԼҪ¶̫飬ƾԸ
о;УǺ磬ΪӪկ֮أѹ·ʱ䣬첻͵øϽʱӪկѾװ֮ҪʼӪկҹʱΪϮ
ƽԭԬܵļݽսƵ˫ʿܣڸоܷɾ衣仹һƬѾʿſڣʿˣһ·ӰӰ´µĻ⣬Ѱ˿Զ俴Уܻܿģ
̫ʷȺԲѰˣӱժ˹ңңָָٽŴһһСŻĴ
˴аٲ֮ңӱȡ˹ңöӣ
Ǹɳû찡˭˭ˣ̫ʷȼǣһȥ顱һСͷ;
ףշһӲͷƤ˵鴫
̫ʷؿ
е㻳⨺ˣЦǺͦһӣ֮˱ɽУӣദѰ
Сû
̫ʷȽԼĹ˹ȥҵġ
ӹһƣľƽͭǣʮƯһŹͲ̫һ˺
һ֧һ㹭ң˼һʲôأ
쳤ӣŬſܶˡ
һ֨ѽ֨ѽԽ£˼ֻ
ȻһĻ
ϹҹգںҹɹʱͷĺƿҹΪţֱش̴ֻĳ
תͷ˿̫ʷȡ
̫ʷȿ˿
ҲСؿ
ȥǡ
ֻùûбëȫѪʱƴڣǲҲ̶áγ֧ݸ̫ʷȣĥôʱɽһ˲ֱЦǺǵĺˣЦǺǣֻ۾Ź⣬һ׽֣
ɾȻţµ
Ҳ޵ƵĿʼꡣ
СֻãޣСĵ𡭡
ֿʼúˣŬ뽫ֳץر
ɾļգȴо߽֮࣬Ĵ漵ǵСˣС֮Ϊ֮ˣ̫ʷرϵػקֲţ¹طձػٷƽԭ
Ͳˣ죬˵ʲôʱ̫ʷ˫ںҹҲ۾Ѱ֮ضһ仰͸׽ˡ
ɾĪǣе˵ɾʱδڣײʢհݷʱɾӣ
⨺ˣһıӰ
ǸӰĻǸСѧƵľþòƽΧɫСΧ
ɾգʲôϵ
ϼ꣬Ȼܳġ
˵ź벻Ѫ㣬ɾȷʵҲŬӲͷ
ףǲʲôط
޿̵صͷߣڽӵĵãһ˸Ʒˡ
ŮɫӴ࣬˵ɾͬ齶
еġƽԭܸͷתһţڽ˹ںӵĻ⡣
ܿͽȥƽԭǵİնԣС޿ɾҩ컹ƽԭǰ˰ݣõİոζȹ졣


98 
Ȼѽ,еȣһûз磬ҲˣҲ,һֻة,߽,رһк,һ߽ϵĹĶűʰ
,ԥ΢Ц˵ôԶʲô
иСݵ,һ׼õ,ֹ,ܾԥùˡҪ֪е㡰ƶƣĻԣһϹʱ֪Ǹ˼Ҳû׼ȷ˵ԥ˺˭һһ۵̬ȣò,ر׽Ҳ°֮żܸܿСЦе죬Ҳ֪ǲͼۣܾͼܹóѡ
ǽԥ֪ô,һɫգѡһͬɫ,ǾһƮƮĸо,,żһ,ǽëŶһԵر͡
ǵÿһž˳۵˹ܻһ۶ӣе񲻶֪ԥ׼ɶ
λة΢ЦΪһˮЩ͵½٣ҹջ·ʰţ˽ɾ֮
ӹˮеܳⶼǳξĹͣûʲôϸ𡣡
˭˲֪½ɾףԥ΢Цɾݹǫ
գգ۾ָٿٲϯûʲôȽϳ滰ĻӦԥ˵ȣּ˵ˡ
֮⣬ɾΪʡһǮ

λݶة˵ɾ֮ԸͶЧظͣɾ֪
ͣʶظһ䣬𣿡
ЩͶƽԭǶΪ׽ɾƽԭС˶˹أЩ򲻽ձ꣬ÿ»Ҫһʯʳظ˸·ɾء
գգۣܾԥոյĻʲôʶ
˵˵ȺһҪǮ
ԥԼ°ͣ¶һʵЦݣ
Ǵ˻СǰΪ˼νСظʡһǮ𣿡ڴ˫ֱ۾ӣߺȻ΢ضһ¡
ԥĿƿˣЦҲʧˣ̾һˡ
ǣ
ʱȻ䣬ֻǸⲢԣĿ칫תתȥһȦֿ֮룬Ȼĸ㣬Ҳ񣬿һգһգÿ¶ǧǮ»ס
ھˮ̷ˣһؿԥ
ԥǼŽ˵ˣΰ
ʱе㱣ϵ˼żҲкǰôɫƣǲʲôҪ֣ԼĵѹԲϱŸļ䣬װʲôͲű߻һС͵͵ܹһ
ʱڽСʶ֣ͬڼһ鲼ϣΧѧϰݡ
ǲڣԼĪȥˣóڹ֮ĿһȥжٹȥٹϣҲ֪ôô
вǻǮеѾмһãŵϽЬｫصǮˡ
͵͵״˵ܻһСǮǮΪ͵͵˿鲼ȥֺĳһСѸ֮װ֪ȥ
ֻˣ̧ͷڰ֣ȥһϽɡ
ã˵뾲
ôˣ
ԥǹһ»ף˵һҲøĺȫˡ
½⼸鲻ãԱصҲ̫á
ܲ븵ǫòض۰ǣ۰Ʋƣͳ˹趺Ԭʮֹĵһ⣬￬ݣܶڱԬܵһϣȻԴҲʮֹġܲټȵݣֵݣƽԭͽΪԬܲܲΧĻ˵Ǳ׼ġ֮أ֮˲ɲ죬˭ȥ죬Ҫô죬ɵƽԭˡ
ȻֻǧԱΧݲãһ̽սͳһϴѡ
ʺ⣬佫ûʲôʺȥݵģȦûг߹ˣʿ򽻵ȽϷѾǳһףʿȥҵݣȥ޻
̽սԥͻȻ˸⣬ǲһʿȥӦ޷ġ
޷
ԥһ̸ۣ˼ˡ
Ҿ˵㲻Ҫ㽵»ס˵
Ե˵ԥСĵؿһۡ
ΪΣ
ƴǰ㣬ԥ˵½Сɾʮ־ġ
ǰ仰˷ָةû˵ڣѾ׵̲סͷ˵ϣ½Сɾ᲻Ҫ»ףһء
˵ҲҪġ
˰찴㻹ǰ㻹ǰ·㲹ͷ㡣
Ҳ˵ҾͲҪǮˣÿһСǼзԣ´
ȻЦúܺͰߺɸȥңŮˮ԰һдֻΣ
Ǻܺãϲ˵֮⣬Ҫ۸ǣҲǳͷУҼǸǵСסǡ
ʮֿ϶صͷһԵСԲҲ̽ݵǡЦеźӾ
ʲôҪġ
뵽ˣ
ҪԬܴƽԭƣá
ϵЦˣСԲ־һûסקһС縺ӣϣһʹý
Ԭ빫ﲮ繥زˡСԲһ°ϴľʹһǿЦŴ˸Բ
ǵǣСĵ˵С˲ԴǣĪ֡
ʶôãڽһЦ
ˡ
ƽԭŰ˰شң˵½ɾҪѸٿʼΪ׼·ϳõһжڻϴë̺Ͳҩ˵ͬлʮҲ˴ʰҵ顣
ȻǰҲ׼˵Щһͣаչһһӣǰ˷졣
ǱصһСʿˣҪţĨҪҪⷿӣﰵﶼǡƽԭǽ˲ˣร׷ô㲻綩˵ҪǼۆİʾ
˰죬ĬĬ˼û
ƽԭǵķǽڴ˴ͱĻϣıԼģǹ趵ġƽԭҲģƽԭ߹ϵݣ￬ģȻҲǹ趵ġ
һѺõ趷ʱ׼Ԭܣһս֮᲻۶ϣ趾δôˡҲ˵ѪΪʱƺǶ֡ɱĻǿ󡱵̬
ڱɱģˣҲãսҲãϡﻩʲôϡ
ܺãͻȻһ顣
ʲô
гʽΪʲôǽլۡأ
ƽԭʱܱս𲨼Ҹող¶𣿡
ǰкº͵˵Ϊʲôأ

ˣͬ˵¸һʱ¾С
״̬϶ʲôȷʿԸ˵ֻһʱû
֪˵ɶһ˵PTSD𣡡


99 
ҹ,˯ú㣬ҲΪ˲г̣ʱչԼҡһ,һ㽫,ͼӺȥݴʷǫ⡣
ʱҲδ,ǿƾ,Ŵǹ׵ĺҹ񡣺͵˸˸һƻ,˳ӣһо
оѾ˺ܾ,һƣҲġȴƣ,Ͽһ˿ҹ,ֻżƺյ
һѺãʣ˴룬ҲãǽʳǸ,ƽԭƣеʳһҲƣ˸Ҹһ̳ƾͱʮ
ظһҲûʮ̳ƣҲһСһСžƺȵϰߡʱյڴ,һݵս£
ƽԭ,˷һ֮,￬Ҳ,Ҳ,֪ģӸ˵ƽԭǣ֮Ϊٵеİս֮ء
ΪܲƣһƬݱԬܣϾܲܲ٣ǳһ￬ŻдҪ˳ʹݣһ̽顣
ǸֺõĻƣĻǿԾܾģΪʲôҪܾأ
һֻɳ洩ҹҡҡڰڵŻü͸ĳðһ̣ͬպϢһڰϡ
Ŀݵ˻Ǿʵʬ棬룬ҲɳһƣԭããĺҹƽͽѰһп޵ǰ·
Ƿŷ·ͻȻĻ⣬ǰ·
ױ֪а
ĿǰʵԣҪÿĸ֮زףҲ²ļͬҲٸƽԭ
ѡ·񻹲ããҹ֮УǰѾһ⣬вһ˿ҪǫһѣҪǫΣҪĿ⣬ȡиĿܡҡͶ׷ܴһԼĸ֮ءʱսط𢣬ɽ
ſڣ⿴˿һϯ񾭵ģжһĨ⡣
콫ˣ̫֮ǰǺصĺƽգ׺ɫҲѪɫ
ӷ£תڣ˾ƺһνյ
ʮ֮
ƺӺͼˮһͣǲòڶɿͣ죬ŰȵعӣһЩʺͺʣ˻ƺ뺣ڵ׳۾
û취Ȼƽԭһֻа˰Զǵмвϰݸţ˭ҲҴӲϰĴӪſڿ񱼶˻Ǳߣ·ȥݡǵж·߾ͱȽر൱Ǵݵĺܹȥ
˵ݾڶһ˶ȫװʿЩսĴѵȴûĻԸ˭֣ûٵɽý
һ·ǶԵʮƽҪֵһҲûС
ǲ£δĵдʱϢҲͲϱܼ
ϢǡܲΧ۰ʮպ󣬹Ȼˣ
Ϣǡݱ˻ʱһʮ·ߡ
֪Ҫ˱Ҳȥϵѡһµ·ȥȡӦꡢһ·ݣǲҪȥϴԬʱܲ˻ݡ
ƽԭʱǸ룬ʱڿó֤ˡ
⾿һʲôս
ⳡսģһʲôˡ
·ʱݱѾ˸ɾˣ½½ʼ˷أЩбɢˣ˵սæϻ˹
ƺʲôҲû¡
󵽷Ű壬Сչޡ𡢸ɲڽ𲯲͸ᡣ
Ȼ˵Ҳ̫׼ȷΪݱΪʬ塣
δ߽Сʱ˺ѷεĿĿѪ
Щʬ״죬ЩúɣЩúʹ࣬ûľʬǴ·ģŮعڷǰݺ󣬻ǵ·ߡ
Щ½ص˾ͿʼʬɽѪһķңǵĸĸֵܡ¶ŮããȻλһ㣬۾ѪһᣬСǵÿһÿһߺϵʬ巭һĿǲԼʶǸˣûԼǵõ̥ǣûУͼվѰңҵˣǿʯͷ˵أͿԽ·Ѿܿڣ΢ЦϣٽϳȥȥȥѰ˳һĵأᡣ
ĳǳѾҹûسǵʿûִĳξȻҲûиʱҲʺסˣһ¶˳⣬Կҹҹĳǻͣ˵ʬȥ龰
ȻѾѰһײİ壬Щ˻ŬԼһ⣬ǵ½㴩Ұʱ㿴˸ָǡ
еҪżªÿ٣ȴҲ֮֮ǼӺǳصķףҪΪȥͣҴ󺺸أΪձ飻
еͷɢһᦣ˵֣ǼӺŵˣںףҪ˵ӺҹããĻҰϻأȥסĵط
е·˺·ޣеչ޴÷飬ҪôǼӺЩص˰ɣ˵Ϊ֪ģܺˣҪܰɣԼˣҲˣ
ЩĬдֵĻֽѹʯͷ£ǼӺû뵽̫ƽˣЩŹ䣬Ҫ˵һдڻֽϣܽȪ
ְƽʱһֱ˵˵ЦЦʿעƬҰϵǣҪƽЩһʹˣ㿴ǣǻ˭Ҳ˭һ
һȻʵֲʲôǣΪλô಻ͬ
ӺĬһȻŻؿڡ
ǹ뾩صչʵ£Զǧǰ
ڶԻ죬ֺƬҰϻ졣
Ƕ˶׿ᣬȴûһ
ƺˣóһ·վⲼĴϣűˣǱΪ·ԭӦǱߴģЩ߼ûʣʲô·ֻóԼ·ֻҪ˴մȾϢ˳Ϥеζصߡ
ĸ
Ү

һҹ˭Ҳ޷ߵġ
ȥȴһҲù¶
ΪҰϻڣһҹڷǰǼææµµصŻѣڳѰһϣ
Ҳù¶Ϊ֮˾һ
˹򣬲ҹ
ųཬ˳ܱȥ·ߣ·Ҳʬ壬һߵһߡ
ɫʱȻվסˡ
·ߵĲݴʬ壬δ㣬һʮ꣬һʮҵСŮ
Ǹĺ¶һѪú̴»ŵǸСŮҲһ̴
ʹˣǸ껹ͽͶػŻŮǲûʲôá
ðɣ롣
վʬԱߣſ
ֱвʱͻȻһ⡣
֪ô𣿡
гĬһ
ȷ񡣡
Сɾڿʲôأ
ͻأѹ½̧ͷʱһʮĸվߣЦض
ѪЦġ
ǣ˵Ǻ£ǶȥˣȥˣҶҲȥˣ飬ɻңȥ˺õطأ
˵˵ţӱǷެϡ½̲ס˻
ĺӣȥˣ
˫Ȱõ۾գһĸĽΣҲϿ˹ȥ
ˣƼ͸һ˿⡣


100 
ǫʱδص,˼Ӻ۰ġ
˾峤ʲôûϾǴݵĽǶ˵罻ɵĽǶ˵̫ʺϸִд桭ҪƽʱҲͰ,ݱܲһɱ˼ʮ,ˮΪ֮,ǫж֪
껹ô,˵ܾʱĴŻ˵,ʬǹ÷ʬ,¾,ЩȾˮԴ꽫µߡ
ǰߴ˻ƽ֮,ݺòƽ⼸ҲǿһҪȻҲôĽֱһԫˡ
⼸պ˵˽ʣֻżڳһ,Щյģ
ʮ֮󣬴ҲǳŲһµʱ䣬صƽԭʱСڴֻצ,ʵʵһ¡
ݺ𣿺ÿ𣿵ﳤʲôק½ǣԲԲ,۶ڴ,ʲô
ͷ,С,С̧ûϸϸüëŤһԵίˣţû̿޳ƺҪһȣ᲻ת⣬һأ
ȻֱææСקߣ׺ͬӭ½㻹Ĭûп
СɱΪȳţضЩƵģʲôóԺʲͬ˵СӼҵģ֪ѣ·;أɾһ·ɻƽ
ͦƽģգգۡ
׿˿ɫһ룬˵ݴңɢߣء
Ҳȫ룬ҲкܶղûСɢߡ
ھ£ںڶϱڲԫ䡣
Ҳϡ
ĳ˼ûгܾã飬̻˸⣬Ƚ˽£˵ǲÿ춼ˣտʼеܣеݵɵˮ÷ǳˣ˵ߺֲиؽѵƻûнչֱ˵յļڹȥˣڴ˶СµǿҲףƶȥˣʱûǸǿſɹƭˣ۵һѰ˷ݶ̹ǵĹǮȴֵأ⻹ʣһʲ̫ˡ
ǮпܲʱСɡŵŵšܹˡ
ûóԵĻ׽סһֻ֣һʲôһе㲻µ´Ҫǵѽ
Ȼܿˡ
ͷһǣΪܺԥԥһʱ䣬ԵѾˣ˷ģеǸ˵Ķ
׺ͬĵı鶼е΢̾Ҫȥˮϴϴ֣ڰ֣ǿ黯һС
ͦġСĽãһ£ظһ飬ȷʵͦ𡣡
Ϊ˵Ļһ㣬һĵǵ֭
ͬĺͶ׵ı͸ѿˡ
صƽԭ֮ƺֻص״̬ͬҪչ˺ӣҪСʶ֣֯£ҲԸŰѧ֣׬ǮܻԶٷ˵͵͵ȥ
ȫҳ֮ȨˣʲôҲҲˣ԰ļŰײҲˣÿר־Ĵתڳתʱͽߣתʱżÿ춼ȥظй䣬ҪȥӪ͸ʱһŴˡ
ӪȻҲλоĽţ˶ʮֿµıӪϸ۲˲ֵע¶
˵Լǧǧ￬ƽԭģֻǽԼı
вٵͳ죬֧Լ˶ǹ趽ģҲԼı
ӪȲϸ˳Ӫ㣬뱸ôҲģ
ͳ֧Ƚ϶Ծʮֺˡ
פڳһСׯ棬ԼǧңÿղҲڿ죬֧Ӳȫǲ߰˰˶ì֣ͺˡ
²еǿһ֧Ҳе֡֡ƱЩ֣ìָֻ׷֧ǧ˶ӳ˳ì֮⣬һֵֻ֣лƣ⿴͡
ֱֹɽõ㲻ࡣ
ٿЩʿڵģȷɽòȥ
еȥһ¾赽ΪʲôҵزһСУôشġ
ɾ֪һ֧ìͷһܴһ׵ʮ˵ʹּۣҽģҽӣҲѰЩʯȻì൶١
⻹ܴܵģе㷴ӦСУɫּһ䡣
ɾСȥǵХɽֵ뻹ֻгأѾˣ
ΪʲôʹȥǵȴǡͶඩЩأ˵ʶԼһǳ⡣
ûдģбʹΪƽԭûˣҲΪطûûûˡ
Ϊǳرѡ
ƽԭǱʮֻ˵˰Ҫ￬趽ıʡһǮԼľӰˡ
ѰԥʱλةڰΣæòɿʱֻŰ֧˼ԼȥѰˮˮ˳˵⡣
е㲻ˣ°ͣǸõĿʼǵԥǸѾþҲܷ¡
ƽԭӣ˵Ҫһ㣬װһЩ˵ģǲ̫ƺûӣ֪֮ǰûƽټҲ
ԥһ˲̧ͷ˫õ۾Ȼܱų⣬ܲڵ˲䡣
һҲôĹٵ̬һӱ÷ǳϵĹҲˣűһߣ֣ʾ
е㲻Ծ¶һº͵΢ЦϣëճһСƬӰ
оϴر룬ĸо
ҾСׯӣڵ˵оУûеĻҾ͡
Ȼеģԥն˵ϴ֮£һֱھΡ͵ܼòҵΪ֮ı
ã˵˿ûԥȵ̬ȴ򶯣̫Ҳ̫СҲ̫
ҴȥׯĵúܣȴֻҪ
ԥһ׽ס֣۾ֱų
ƽױԺȷܴͿԳһϣжʮ䣬ҸʮĶأһƬ֣һϪˮҹϪԣԵ٣ԺȾƣһԲ£ҲȻظһľ֮⡣
мв㡣
мҾ߶ˣϯҲʣһţ
ʮĶѾȫŻˣֵҪ¿ѣ
ׯûΧǽΧǽòˣֻդס½Χǽ
ׯڳǱԼʮĵط˵ƽԭǸ˵ǼݸѾԬܵĵ̶ˣֲû򣡹ֲûķôã˭ĸڱսǰǰϰƽԬܷԼҲסﰡ
͸ҽׯӣ˵ðãĺڰ
ˣȻסׯӣ˵㽣ףȫˣѵҲס𣿡
һҲԼҸסѵҵļҾҲס𣿡
ԥֳɶûУӵر죬ҾסΪЩ
ǲһ£̷ӦҲԣƾʲôӰ
ĸɣΣ
ϰ˵ͻȻӦһ
ԥһƽظɣдֽ

ԥӦ̫ʹ죬ܻǾۡ
Щ⣬㲻ǲ׼Ϊʲôָıˣ
Щһ¡


һһĬһȻ¿ˡ
Ҫı䣬ܺãѡ·ʺܲߵúʹ࣬Ҫһ𣿡
Ҳں
ԥҶĲݵԭҰϣƵ죬ƽߵı߼ʣﻹƽԭǣ֪ƽԭǾֻҪУһܵġ
һ
òĶҲõ
ҵڵϡƽֱ˵УҲ˵ԼҪñ˿


101 
佫Ϣ峿,ȻȥӪһȦԼ԰ЩС糤ô,ûĿñȽϳϢһµټһ˶ӣھӪѲٻسǳԷϰȵȵȡ
ҲϢ䡢ѲӪԹ̿ԥһЩ񱨸棬,ܲһѲ϶ȥˣԬܴҲתìͷŴѩƽԭӲ죬ʿǲسԵ̫ãʡɡԭӪÿһٸɷһӲ˷,㣬һһٱ,һٸĺ,ܵʳԴһŴصĸ,ԬҲŸأ
һ۾ۣȫƸŷɡλ˵СֳԱ,ʼؼʱս͡ʱвһջҪĿ
ͷ̫ɹ,ҲЩ,˴,еڴĴظææµµȥȥûҪ̿⡣
½ʱ̨,,꿴еԥԥ,ƺΪʲôš˽⣬ǡôڡ
̨֮һԱߵҲһЦек£Ϊ
˫һῴôܺڷ۾գգؿ
뿪ƽԭһˣܹٴˡ
ţԥͬ˵ǰƽׯӵ£ҪȥȪ
ƽԭʮĲƽӿȪ֮£ƽԭһƬּƽ̹óرĶ˴ׯѻķϣȴ˲ȪôƽׯȻҲΪȪׯ
ǣ˵ҲǣԼҪȥȪҾƽԭǣˡ
е棬ȥȪʲôأ
Ҿֻƥ֮£Ҳﲻʲô˵׼ȥбԿܲһ֧顣
￴ȥŷɶȻͣˣȻ̧ͷһ´
ûоֹΪԼúܾĵСӣȻ
ƺѹûѹסžһܹרҵѵЦ㡱ı顣
ԵȻԣ˵׼˭һȥأ
Ǽɣ˵ҿڳҲʲô£Ҵȥ
֮⣿
һҪ˭𣿡
´żϰҡҡΣǼϤ𣿡
ɣҼԺܺõģǵҲ
ЦʧˣǾ֤㲻ϤǣףӢ۳֮ʱ֮޲Ϊһļ޲ɣҪŵùˡ
˼
Ǹ۴ϰɣϰֿʼȥҾסڳڣӦǱǡ
ǡл㣬˵ʲôҪע𣿡
ŷɣŷҲŨö࣬ںҲöĺӣУһԣҪһºʣʮˣټļҲ١
Ҳǳȥ̵ģ˵һ¾ֻʣһɣ
ŷɺҭסˣһʼۡ֡
㵽ʱ֪ˡ˵УҪɿΪ㱣ܣҲҪɿ˸ҹֵҹҪÿɿ֣̽ҲҪÿɿˡ
ʲôȽϿɿʡ
ԸΪЧģŷûôͻشηηˡ
еͷү
һ̣һ鶼꣬׼ʱֺס׼ʲôļ
룬ң
үүҲ
Ҹдһģô˵˵ƽԭɽļ¡
ҪأԼĲ
룬ȻܿԼܲܽƽԭܸͷͷóȥˣҪܱסҲˡ
ֽ̿д飬óԼƽԭӡȥ̲ס˼άɢһ¡
ӡ˾ͻŷ𣿡ʣԼһвУ
˿Լһͭӡֿ˿װͭӡϻӣ̧ͷ
ôΪˡ
Ϊ˶ȥˣʲôأ
ƽԭ֮֮ؽԼͭӡַŻϻЩһһΪһˣﻹҪ˽ôһأ
ΪʲôҪһ֧ӣ
ͦ򵥣һ˵޵ģûС
Ҫһ֧ӣһ֧ӣߴһ֧ӣŪӡıʣ֯ÿһʲôãƽʱУսʱУЩǱڣЩ֮ء
˳ණֻϣиණҪԼѾʼӡ͡ӡǲͬģ
˳ӪװľӪװᣬ˸˳ѡսܡͱΪɵĳǿĪ˵ıǮĶ￬ıӪҲϡʲ
˸˳̵Щ֪ʶǲǷ֮ĺ׼أ
ԼļһЩȰ棬ȴһ֧˶ӿʼؼ֮˲ͬ
ô̺ˣƽƽźã
Ϊûʲô֧ͦһȥģ
Ŀ֧֧رʾ˵ѵˣǸȥܲܵѵɹ˵
ͬñȽϽӵɾʱļִȥļأ
룬ʲôͬ𣿡
˵
ͬĿ⼸˵죬һֹƽǴСˢˢ˸սͬļװûǼ˵ȥ
ЩǸ˳Ҳ̫ע⵽ģͬλϾǱʿ˽ӴöһЩҲ͸ĵһ㡣
һǣ¡á
Ҫ֪ÿٷǱҪʿģʿ㣬ҪǮǮ˼ȫСͻܡ
ʱҲбİ취ܲǰݵ֣˵Ǹǫʲôڣ˵ڸݱãǵ˵ˣƲǵģöȫǱ¡
ڶǣҪʲôʱļ
ѽʱļĺôûԵǰѡرȽϴ󣻵ǳѾ˶Сֲʱ䣬Щ񿪿µʮĶĵأֻܰ׸ǷԣԽ࣬ʳѹԽ
ҲԵȵļ˷һ첻˵＾ԱˣļǡƲӡʱڣ۰ʳҪ٣ôˣ˭أһ鷳⡣
ǣҪļİ
һıֲȻȻڱֹƳ;·ƽԭİԽԽܱ࣬߻Ұ¿ΪũٶҲԽԽ졣֪ŴİԿͣ˳ģһڷԣ²ҲԸƽԭļЩԱİյͱȽϷǮôȻЩҺʵܳԿ࣬µӦҲܳΪʿ
ȻҲȥǱ߿˳һܣձ£ʲôľͺܲˡäҲ֪һܲǸɱϵˣĲϰҲûκݱľͣĻ
үĽ飬½е㷢ץץͷһġ
񶬼У˵ҪȥǱ
ϰ˵λԬŰ׳ʿǸ񣬼ˡżܹ༽߽磬ȥ磬ԬӦҲ̫ɣ
½һţһĴСǽ£һĵȥݵ
˯еİݱе㷳һƲ׼ޣƽԭһ·š
ҲŰɣ룬˭λ򵽡ʿƣʳӰգҰݡҰã޶ëɲ޶


102 
ƽԭĵؽ,Ԭܵؽ磬мⲿ־ǽս,ҲǡҰݡصĵطϡ٣⣬ֻһֳɽʣһڽ񴺿ʼԬæתͷȥ,û￬鷳˱߽ϵİòôæ
ճɺһ㣬ʮĴתתһʮʿ
Щиа,ûӣö,ҪҲܵ,пڷУӾʱ۾ȫȻ,˵üϿҡ
˱ʾԼصľӵر֯ԣ˱ʾԼдӾ,ԼرпԬȹĺ˼룻˸ɴԼǹضһ·ɢĴʿ,ȫһ,ֵΡ
Щ,ٵÿ̸Ǿ˲Ȫׯ,һһذ
ȻͲ˸߰ìܡ
汲Ǿ,ôܺӺһ飿
ôˣﱿֱŵؼ,̧ͷе㲻⣬˸г𣿡
ǸϳһëľƲƲ죬Ӻӣйˡ
˵˭ӣ
˵ôˣ
ҲͬǼ٨һ顭
Щ˵
찡ͷƤҪըˡ
ʲôγУݺݵزڵϣٳľ£
ȺߴߴСѧƵļһʱϢģֻƵؿһۣٽĿջǰ̽ͷ̽ԡ
˭ǻﳤ
԰Ѱһܷڵġ
ǻҲǡ
ҰȻܷڵġ
ֵһģˣ
㲻𣡡
˴дӵְ˳һϢˡ
иһֱΪʲôԼ֯һѧ֯ףʮ˾ͻָֺһѵСȦӣκһ¶ǻŮǶʹָĵȼʮ˵ľأ
ȸһͣ˵Υߣģ
ʮ˶˲ӣš
֮һְѲˣǼǲסǽϣʶֵ˸Ƕ𣿡
ѣͷתȥЩԼ
˭ʶ֣
һƬµĳĬʮ࿴ֻ࿴иһֻ֡
Ŭ¶һ΢Цһдҵְ
֧黹ɨä
֮ʣȺһһ䣬ֵͬ˵صģλСֵģ
ȥé®һ£
һ飬ʮһʮһУѵؽʮ˷ֳУʣ¶ڳһգȥݷһλС
СȻһ·룬ƾɣǿסɽӣҴúܾģһ;ʺСѧǲͬǱĳ⣬ҪȪׯͷʦ˵¡
ֻɽԼĺӣʼļҳ
ӢۣɽЦеʵδδ
ˣʿϣ²иڵҲͲˣǱ಻ģʮ̹ʵ˵ûԭɱģΪΣļ
ɽɫһ䣬ĪϷŪ£
ϷŪʲô˵ȱһʶĶֵģԸһٺ»Һڣ̼Ҫǿ
ɽ´ɫõ˼˺ܾã΢Цŵ˵ͷ룬ҲӦ
ӪһһٷʿΪһٱˡ
һһֵ˷һķ˳ʣµģæල˾ıֵ˱һ٣һص׷ȵȫǽӡռϪˮ̣ˣ
ڶϹȥʱʮ˴һţǹǺѳˣȺ˴֮Ǳ׵ذˣ
˽ԼԴȥˣקʱʾ˿ˮ˱һ߹ǣƽߺߣ
ĻĹˣʿϵķҲú㣻
ƽ˾ΪӲ˳ԣǸֵġ
Ҫʮ˸һ飬˵ЩʿסȺܴ򶼴򲻹
ǵĳûôѿˣϾ䷸ǿߣߵĶܻһڷԣֻȺڲҲֳͬС壬вˣˣˣһֱڰʾѡһСĵϵֻҪϵǾԸЧ
ʲôʮ˻ҪС壡
ʼ˼һ⣬ļһȺأȺ˵˾ôأ
ɾĴ˲յߣջļҿ˵ׯ⣬̽ͷ̽Եģ˵ӣҪȱļˣ
۵ء˻һȻ㿴Щ˵𣿡
ȻЩһ쿴Ϊʹ죬ڶʮ±ˣֳˡϱ͡±֮ϱȻһӣܴڵ飬ܸ±һǼ족Ըôģܹܡôģܡɽôġ˭˵˭СЩˮʰЩʡЩҪܸŽȥѺһǰ;϶޹ˣҪ׽
ڵġ
⼸ʮÿֻһٱһٺЩ࣬ĵʳҲ൱֣ܵøƽԭЩĴѰһ¸ʲôֵķûС
ǸһƽԭǣʳٻʱԶԶׯǰ̽ͷ̽ԣһڵ
ʱ磬ʿӦ޲ׯӵդһúԶҲܿճϵʿ˺ֻܶ࣬ʮ˲˵ұʣµø͸ķƵģ˭ҪǸɻٶһ㣬ġ족һžȥˣ
ô£һСܻӸµɨһȦ˶ȥˣ
̧ͷ˰
ˣ
иܹˣ˵ʲôǱȱһܳٱԴ˼һȥǿô
Ȼأ
ȻǾ͸ˣָʣµȺµҲȥǿסˣ
̤߽յİ칫ڲ֪Ѱϯ£侲һ
ҸоǺİ⣬ее㲻⣬Ϊʲô
ҵһӱȻˡ
Ϊʲôİأ
Ϊܸо񿴼ʲôһ
֪֮ܶŷͬ˵ļһҪʮ˾ʤ˼ˡ
Щ߼͸˳ǸӪʿõȫһףǲԼ󺺵ĽܣҲںʲôУûгͷصʲôµȣʷ¸Ǻ޹ϸĿǰֻ˵зԣܵȥˡ
Ҳܹǣƣʵ֪ڣʳ֪衣ǡ
ˣ룬ȥѰΨһһʶĶڶ죬һôɡ
߽ɽٳǼʱΪԼߴˡ
ΪǷѾһСݵģļҵ͵ƣϯˮˮīһЩհֽš
Ϊ˱Լʿĳ⣬Ԥ֧һµнˮɽ
һڶˣСʲôûʣ¡
Ҵ߳ȥɽأ

˵Źأ
¶һ˿ţǸ˵Ҳһλȥˡ
ǸģԼݸ졣


103 
,֯ì,е׽еԽеĿԴǽеĿΣһְ취Խһ֮ìܣ½رóֽìܵļɡ
֮ǰûļ,ܹǽǣΪ͸ߵλ·˽֪Ƶġ·˽֪
޷ǲϣиµװһֶνɱҡѡ
ǡΪһ˵վڱλ涥˵ս,ҪΧʲôǸҪǼʮаæġ
Ǹλ֮,û˵,ܹȥˡ
ʱɫѾҲѾˡ
´һȦɸߵʵľ֮,ӵ۵ѯĬذγ˺С
Ƭ֮,ջ,һľ,źȻŰ߽,ļҶɵһԣһ߽۴αȵĽȺ,ߵٶȲ,ΪҪѰҵ,·Ҳʲôû
˼ҵɻƿ־ˡ
ٱۼĲɽ¯Ҳһұˡ
ֱ˼ƤëȮҪľȻӾͷβˣ
һһӵ߶ʱʱ߷ɼŵӴǰۣſ˺üСԼŻпǱС檵Ůˡ
߾ʱʱŮ˺ӹſ޵ĳر£㻹һȺŮмɪɪıˡ
֪ˣסǸͷ죬ļҵòű˵ġ
ǣͷԭΪԽ뽫·¹಻ܱȣ󽫾ŹһСԸļʿԻ뽫
֮ˣҪãЦһҪ㾡¡
ͷͷһκ飬ʧǰʧںԸʮͷװʯ˿ƥΪΣ
ľͷԻһֺõسЦһЦ
ӱ˺Уͷһ˲סˡ
ٸһλᣬЦ˵
ͷͷµĺ黯Ϊ˷βһĨӨˮ
ʣһգɽ£޲ܽλԱͷ˵ԺضѺӪУԱһ⣡
¶һ绨Ц̣ãС
һ֣ͷ˲们䵽ذϣĸϵĻƵģҲûеطǿǸɽˡ
߿ȻתͷŶˣɽأ
ɽΣҲΡ
ŵ°칫ûŵĺãסӲ˵ǽƤ䲻˵©ļҾ߶Լȥġ
ĴڽﴭŴŭ
ȻǴ򲻹ģɽӲһӺӿ¹ͷ
ͱìѾˣͬһᣬǱʮֿصĺܡ͡ϱ֮ܵס˭˶ʮǵؼװ
˵ҲȲȱɽˣ㾿
ֻǲ⣬˵סҲûã»ױضҲûҸö࣬Ҳ㣬ΪʲôҪأ
ɽĬ
ƺЩ˼ϥŻصɽߣȰ˿βЧģĻڹ
ɽʼ˫۾תԼӣȻ͵һţߵڵأ
ʹʧҮҲΪ£
񣿡
˱ߵڵأҲ˵ϴ޲ֹɻˡ
ɽ¶һȻЦݣһɱҲҵô֪̫ԭӣϡ
Ļû꣬־ס޶ľ޺н˳ȥ
˵Ż̽ͷ̽ԣм֮ǰ۹ʿһľսڽ첱߿Ȼ⣬ָֻˣǣ
Ǳŵ˾С˹кηԸ
ͷӶˡһ˵һߴӻһǮ˹ȥԺꡣ
ɽ˺Χһӵϣ˸ʵʵּۿؽͶˣٷ㲻֮˵λ߲Ҫ£ȥף˭ںһʿ˵أ
ϣڻԭʱ̲סɽǸ
ޡġ
ƲòǮ˸
ʮˣʮһʮˣҲˣʱļȸЩ˴ӻʼɨäÿѧϰѧϰ
ɨä£ҵַӣã
ã
ȻΪ˿Ȼ⣬䣡
䣬˵𣿡
࿴Ȼһãؿ
ԼڲôҲ˵Ⱥһ֮½ø򵥴ֱЩİ취
ÿѧʶĶ֣˭ѧúãóʱ̽˵ֻһˡ
һʱЧˣѧúŬһܸʮѧ̵̥ĴͷһԱǼ򵥵ļӼ˳ԼѧȲҪȵðѡƽԭ½⼸ѧˣ֪ߣ߶ˡ
½Ҿ죬ҲǱĵϣǸ¿һݺ񣬳ʮʯʳʮƥϸ֮⣬˲ľ̿ɲʮͷԼ;ƣԼ¸»Щʳʱ
֮ΪҲʮһµʳϸá;ƶõģľ̿ɲǹģŶˣرĵذС˳ߵЩҾ߶ˡ
ˣΧѶ˺ܾõת･һ⡣
ǻ𣿡̧ͷΧʿƴҡͷ
òߵĻͰ
ʿǸϽͨͨعˣҵ׷潫
һػȥ淢ˡ
ĸС˵С˿ȥıְλֻҪСһæС
绹ϵе̧ͷʲôæ
ܷС˻ƽԭǼ죬Ŭ˵Сиĸˡ
ĬһѰһʶĶĿɿҾͷߡ
ŴֲڵŤһ״ȻȻˣСӰ
ˡ
ʶĶ֣Ŀɿ߳ܵãرҷȣܵʦȱ
ǸŮﲻȫ˵㺰ҶģҪ⿴ǲء
ѵбȽ߸ȫĵط𣿡ٽߥţοҲȽ˵õ˺ȥ
е鷳Ҫ롣һ˸ʮÿ쿪öȣÿ˺˶ԾѾҪͷͺʮ䲻ͬ᲻ͬԸͬϰҲͬشС㣬ǰҪϴ¶Ҫÿ˵ü飡
½ʸ־˺ü֮ڻһƽԭͨ籨ŵĻᡣ
ǿͺǿԸͬ˵ƽԭλһɱǧɽţҲۼʶľգϾֻǸ˼ʮУ¾ڳСɫκβԬľҲκβ
˵Ԭܴʱոͬ趴̣ͷΪһ֧ʮ˵ľӶٸ￬һ̣ǿǵ˿ضУλػɳ˿һǧؾ׼ƽ
Ϣһûʸ˵ģԬҴҵһҲɳܹʱԾüԶ벻˻ῪʯǳˣˣϢҲˡ
飬ʿɪɪ½ļֱҪЦ
ȰѾɸðɣ˵ˣһһֱҪҪԼ޸̣òˣ


104 
꿤ؼӺ,ϵﰲƽɳ̽ǰ·,֧ǧ˵ؾŰկ̣԰ƽȪж·̣һҪĵ죬ߵûһ㡣ĻһҹҪôųơݴ,¡أ
ܵƽȥ˿ֲؾҲʮǽӵôѹʮɽܵ񣬸ио˺ܶࡣ
մ󺺳͢,ؾԭҲӦװȫκԬܵõ֮һֱæųԴĴִ,кñװںǰȥ,ھӪȦ֧йꪱƱ,ûɵģҲͳƱ
½սˮƽ,ҲˮƽĹ,ɱ,㽫ס,ìȻʸ,ա
ƻǲɵ,ǿ󻻳Ҳǲɵ,Чۿۡ
ձɽЩҹϢΪ߾ؾƵѱ֮һ棬Ҳ룬˵ǿʳƣȫż׵ľӶʮټˣԬ»ôһ֧Աһȷʵ
ھӪ͵͵˼ȦǧӪսԤ֮󣬾ͷ˲Ȫ
ȻѾ֧Լ֮Ҫǵľǡξܵս
ս˵УⲻͨʿսһˣҲû־˿ԤеǣֻҪɱ5%10%ĵзʿҲ50-100֮ʣµʿͺпҪɢˡ
˵ͦ˼ģһ£µʿ˽ʣ׷ܡܵΧɢʿҶݣһȫԷս־
ʮֻСèĿɣȥսƷ൱ĲãȺ˻¶ӣԷѹסţٷһǾ޵սСȻԼӦӦǵһ棬ֱӾûˡ
ܲϦ£Լһ˴ɨսҲ̫ˡ
ڵ֪꿤سĵ磬һǧ˲ȪӵǹضүЦǺǵػˡ
һС黨
ɵӣүӣһפأȻһЩʿܲӡ
¿ͷѣϽ˵
޴£ү˵ֲǰ
߽ϸĦռռһ£Ҫ˾ǰһ£˭Ҳ캮ضʱԬĴƴƴ֧鷳
һɫˣҪ趴򱨸棬￬ɵƽԭģ߰һξҪּۻۣ񷳣ֲ˵
˼Ȼб˿ռͰ֧ǧĲ˽ɹˣ˫ԼսƷƽ֣үӣҲõٱ￬ռ˱ˡ
ɸЩƣһ̣ǾƮˡ
ѽûʲôʲˣһҺǿЩ⣬ɲһҲͦóԣүʳᾫڲϸˣԳԺȺҲͦ㡣
˽ʮһ׼ȵؾʱٹʡö
ʮױү˰յȾƣûסͷˣ׼ôã
ҡźû취áҲ̹ϣ뷨
кθ⣿
һվҡźҴʮɱǵķߣ˵ؽֻҪйɡ
˿ֿ˿ˣĿӷˣҿ
ûء˵е᲻òϡ
үֽˣڶ뷨أ
ҹϮģ˵ؽʱΧҴȥɱʮֻҪɤӴ󺰾ˣ
ʵү֮ǰͦع黨ӡ
ҲعƲӡ
Щʿвô˵˧ʿ䲻٣Ҳں棬һ績˿ɣ
°ͣѽӡ
ؽ˵ЦˣعľյƣЩʿиͰ
үһھƣҪǺã
ô롣
Ȼ࣬ҲܲӣǵײҶȥ˵뿴սǰܼܲǵһ档
ùʳүͻӪˣԼ𽫶ɼγ̽о򣬶ѡúּıʱⶣһЩʮֻСè
Щʿ񣬡˵Щ˾ı̫࣬ѱ⣬ʱʱĲǡ
һ㣬Ҳʱʱˡ
⼸Щʿ˽ҹϮĸעҹô𴲣ô£ôʣôϣôŻһ·ӪȵȡЩ±䷳ؽһһ飬ÿڸǿˣһǿ⣬
Ҫ𣿡̽ͷ⿴˿
Ҳſ˿Ţоزס
ƾǶʮ˵ԤУضҹоջԴҹ˯þ
ԽԽһߣ߳棬٣ڷǰݺƬ̨ϣڵҹ޼ɵкŲ˼ŭ⡣
˵սľǺҹ꽫ͣʱı磬ǿĵҡÿһÿһݣĽŲ䣬ƫƺƴͬǧ̤ԭһ㣬ѭƺͣЪССׯӣÿһ˵ξ
оһʿɭȻı粶񣬳Ϊū
ԭӺˣҲһׯӣڴЩͬҲôȮмֻϾӺʲôԣ֮أԵĸŴ󻧲࣬ʵ˼ҼǷҲ׳⣬żɱһʹѾǼѵõӡ
Ϊǰ֮Һһж˸ӡ
ֵصˣĲˣιˣǲһϦ֮ʧģʧġÿһ˶߾ȫڱЮűʱڱʱڱϳǽʱҲ
ĳһĳӦֵǳǳص죬£ʮаΪӯΪڱڳµˣڿԱŻؼ磬Ȼδҵ˵ں档
вƣΪÿһÿһȮǽţɱ˳⣬
ǻҿÿһǽÿһ߹ޣԤԼĹײİҲҪ飬Ƿв
һһĴׯ̤򶫶ȥ·̣ʹҲ޷ֹ·ϼٵ
ӣԶ·˺ĺǿӣǵĲǵСԼ
Щǿǲҹģǻ̫ʱʱŵϮ߻δҹѡѣ
;ж˸ĸֵܡ޶ڣʬһ㣬ƬͬþսҵĻԭϣҲΪһʿˡ
ôܳΪһʿأֻһģȻڴѰľ꣬ѪһõĻ䣬ͱɢ·ߣ˰
ЩѾõˣ·ҹϮĽŲ
һĿŴľϣ֨֨ѽѽʱʿͻȻоˡ
ˣӣ
Ŀ޺һһӱѣʮʿֲָĺҹﰧţţ˭Ҳ˭ȴѱ˴˵Ұޣţ˺ҧţץֱĹЪ˹Էͷ­ߴ߾ȫڶԷĲϡ
½Ȼ˯òʵȻԲ˷ӵĶʱҲû⾿ʲôⳡң֪ʲô¡
һĲԻľ桪ҹߵնʱĪָ£
ըӪˡ


105 ﷬⣨½ɫأ
ѽ,һҹ
ȻײȪׯΪʲôһȪû,Χ϶ʯ,һɽ,˸¶Ȫҵߣֻس,ͺ鷳
Բʮû,زūԻǺܲģֻׯҹ
һưڳԱ,ҿ,Сĵ·ȫ,»Ǵϡ
һֻԣˮá
ΧֻвݳУżһҹ磬ݡ
Ȫ˲и,һƣͷɵ,ߺһͻȻһ¡
ǲǺܾöûˣ
ʲôʱݣ
ڿ԰Ȫ,Ŀڴ﷭һʯСȪϴϴȻ󽫹⻬,ûֵһ߷,ʼعȥ
ее㲻ȶ
ʲô
ݡ
Ҳ㡣
𣿡ߺ˵,ƺûбʾʲô
ֻǲףݵ
ô˵ûأΪ̧ŸܣһҪ·ӴҲá
ʯ䣬󣬴ͨ͸ɫԼʯֶȲϵĺʵغʹҰŰɵĸ΢ʣ沿񾭣沿ëףļףϸ
ͺе߶߶ûֳһʤʱһԶѸײڶ֮ƴҹľա
½̴ȪϺУ׼߳Ȫһ۵λ֮ʱλ֮͵һͷײ˼ɽ
һƥϷһرŵԽɽҽȪ
ʲô⵽ʲô
ֻ˵˵Ǹء
˵·Ȼȫʪˣһץʵʮ־ԼǸʿϵĸӳ̳һüĿͦƤ׵øƵģȻ˫Ŀգ⿴ٶܿǹ֮
˵ĳϤ°Ҵ죬ⲻǸеƹʦʱţͷϴ𣡵Ҳȫһ˳ú񣬲ҲǻȥԵʣоֳʣֻ˼ꡣ
еģֹȥûѡ
ǵˮͱôҲˮƻˮ˶ѡ
˼һС˳ַ˷ϵĶȻʼһ·׼˳һ㡣
Ⱦֺεľ𽥻ָʶġ
֪Լᣬ˳ʱʮֹׯأ˽ǵᲢۡ˿̻ʶڰΪʲôĻ֮ˣŭ֮£Ȼܿ۾
󡭡󵨣ѵ³һ䣬ԱߵϾͣˡ
˲ӣһṴ̊ο࣬ЩŭҲɢ
ͬǴӣǱ㲻ˡһҰŮҲ̫ƽϡ
Ҳ̰ͼĲҲҪ񣬡Ů˵ƣȴһɱķ£ҽҵĳȥҿʪ͸ˣ·ֽ㴭
ȵһ˿ŭҲɢˣоһǻӵʰһһ
´ӣ֡
£˾ͺáڰ֣ʪһɡ
ûϴѵֻʣ£ֻʣŮ̫ʧ񣿵һţһ̧ͷŮҪؾʱȴֻһ¡
ȫʪ͸ˡ
ʶԼׯ֮ǰŮԡ֮Ⱦʼջǡ
ʧ񣬾ӣæͷתһȥҸ±ǣ¡
ҰùߣȴҽˣƺЦһ£洩һҹʪ£ĴҰѰҽʦ鷳
⻰ȷе룬⼸ؽʱߣɴȥŮ뿪Ȫڣһ⣬Խ۹濾һ
ԼҲſȡһȡůʱ򣬲Ż⣬ϸشŮۡ
òڣֻǼ⻬࣬ƽɫһ˫峺۾һ׽֮⡣
ŮǲģοŮŲʮ꣬Ƕڴ˾סδػޣ˿һʱֱתӣžԼʧ̫ˡ
⸽Ҳ֪ô£Ѱһ⣬˼ҲûУ̴ɢ
Ϊ⣬ȥԬ￬ڴ˽սҰݣʲô˻أ
ȱ仰΢شһ£ԭΪԬıʿԬ￬Ĺ֮УȻҲЧģŮƽһ˿θС
˿θкܿ챻зȡˡ
ˣվȥѰЩԵɡ
ӣΪҪȥѰȴû뵽Ůҿ˿һľ˴ׯǰСϪ
ӣ
ԲߴַͷҲûأѰβС㣬㰾ɡ
ǲ֪İγһذףǸľ󽫿һأŽ߽СϪ¹·ϪˮһںڵͷϣļϣȻ˳֫ڽ׵÷·𷢹Сϴ˸޾ˮĽֺ
ɫеˣоֿʼƺûڿ
Ц񻣬ĪɽŮ̬
½ڷغͺгܡ
Զֺ˵㲻𣿡
ѣҵѡ˵Ҳ֡
㲻֣ɱ㶼У
ɱ˵ɱҾͽС
˵úûҾɱ˼Ƶġ˼ľ͵شȥ
˰ɣѪܵսƷ¶һ΢ЦΪѵס𣡡
в
Сģ˾һ
˼Һô֨һأôһ֨
бԼΪϣû֨
һͷŽչޣ˽ϴʹСҲȥһټˮΣܿƮˡ
ȿʱ̬ŮӼʹǺųҲȢΪιһ˾סڴأ
ⱻʳʱͷҲû̧һֻľ׻ʢ
Ҳסȥأ
мݣݣ
ȸ뿪ڣȴСĵȥˡ֪Ůݣ֪ƽԭûʲôϸ𣬱Ͼפ˲Զ֮ﵱЩ¶Լݲǡ
֮ﲻȥأ
䲻˵ԭݺܺãʺ϶ӵġ
֪ܹΪ֮ˣûʧüĿ䣬һȻˡҲܹ֮µȷб̫ʵ֮һŮӣĵأǸ˾ÿɰɾ
ģҲ˵˳ȻΪ򣴨ӣԬռһϯ֮صȻô˵ЩҲЩֻģһ䡰ɰʱŮͻȻ̧ͷʮ־ؿۡ
ûӣҲûелֻǲݲݽ֮ǰĻ⡣
ҹù֮󣬾͵ˡ
һ˲䣬ʿ˾Լʲôص˵
ӣһҰŮԸ⣬ԺһҹɫãôʺԳ
ѸٵԼһ뷨Ϊ֮е
Ī˵Ѷϳɳأδ¹˵λŮҹҲᱡͷ
ŮƺûвῡרעضлЩӵ˼ֻ΢Ц˵ׯ˵ôмªңΪ
һԲ¸߹ҿУ˺УԼûǺƣݶϣһ£ý̫˼ˡ
ⶫ϶Ǹ˵찡ôôרҵħûù
ǿʵСϣ͸ħҰɢһǿҵĻϵ⡣
ħбʾһ⡣
ʾ⣬ʲô⣿ⶫһԼֵڶʱߣǸõ𣿡
гĬ˺һصؿڡ
Ҿ˳ٶ۵ùˣ˵ļֵ˼ã˵Ҳһ¡
һ㶼ٶۣ̿飬ǸǿҵĵͷҸܵˣ
ŶŶô
ˣʾĿ˴Լ۾;ûٵĸоһҶô𣿵Ҳȫľ۹ƶˣʲô򰡣
ŶΪʲôԼ˸ҹأ
Ϊʲôһ˱ϲˣҪ÷Լ־أ
⣬½㵹Ǿô𰸺ܼ򵥡ӣֲܻԼȦӵˣȻܷ˯
㲻ж𣿡
û˵ΪҾңҲŲܷɾ衣
к񷢳ˡۡЦ
һ⣬ʲôبŲ䣬ڣڣڵ
ʯ̲о̻ٵһƬʬɽѪֱ༽紦ԭ̫࣬Ҳ֪ǽںηѶ򵥻һ£Ҳֹ˸е˼
һյƣ£ԼҲһѺС
Ȼ㾭ģ˵ܹ黹Ǻܿɿĺû顣
Ϊ̹ʶҳϵȰ棬Ҿͼװûǰɣô˵֡
֡
֮⣬һһССĽ飬˵ܱ𣿡
֦ͷϵпʼһĽʣλ߹ıˣῡʿҲӲϯѹ
ӼªýɨʮָɾԲҩѬ棬˴һ޵Ĳľ泩
ҹʪ͸·ڻϣѾȫˡһ˿ŷ죬ҶϪУӳֻŮ֪ȥˣδ
Ұͭбİ취Լ£ֱճۣϵЬģϪԣԼķ٣Ϸʱһ¹ڣ֮
ƽǲԼŮоεģʮ⡣
ˮӳʿţٿ̵ҲҪһ䡰աŮҶһֻҰжʱ¶мŵЦݡ
˯ÿɺãңңظ˸к
ޥԣк顭΢ЦţϰԵؽ֮ʱѾ߽ˡ
һװҲһ㣬Է𣬰Դֲ֯ͣ治һǰĻơ
δڴֻǾеҰǳ
ŮѰϪһʯ£ʼר־شֻҰƸˮëûһĹͽֻʰ꣬ڻϿʼַ伫ˣھҲûӣ˶ſ˰죬ͳˡ
ȻɱҰļȻҲܱԼֲÿԹסڻҰ֮УⲢǳ֮ƣ
Ů̧ͷˣ
ȵһˣܲܶ˵ոĲԼ
ʳڴϣʣȳԵòɫΪĺʱٲķʳҲʿͬʿࡣŮûǿȻŮһ㣬ҲĺѾϰֲ߳ڵķʳ˲ˡ
жĽˣ룬δȢã
ͷĵ֮󣬸տʼΪܿҵ˵Լɡ
ѶʮͷȻڼ綩ףֻ򣴨ѣٻȥʱֻϱڲԫݰ׹ǣȵ»±һСС鷳
ݶʿԸϽףӦǾǸԬϵȢһŮܹ鷳ߣױƣɫΪ˱Ȣ˵죬һ׮̸
Ů᲻ܾ
ȶԼȽţˣҲ벻ܾɡ
ݸһʱֽӹȴû̺£̽⡣
ʲô
ʲô
⸽ʲô˼
һһ֮ȾãʳǸˡ
½һֻȣе㷢㶵ض˿
Ҳֻͬһµľȣڸ߹ڲ彣ĵģȷһַȡ
֡Զ۲ɡб֡Ҹ˵Һܹ󡱵ķȡ
ôһѡҺܹҸ㲻һաдϵ䲻ĳһױףþе㷢㶡
һصĻش
죬˵ô뵽Ҫģ
аͷ£ʡ΢Ц˵޷֪벻֪Ҳ
ûҲʣܺ´ûԬܵıʿô̹ϣΪʲôأ
һ˲ͫ׵ˡ
֪ģ
Եʱ򣬡˵ϵĶȻ˰
һӱòԾˣ˷ҲˣɧҲˣר־ԼĿڴȷһСͭӡдšݱݡ׭֣ٷһӡš֮ӡ׭֡
ͷԼӡ̧ͷ״رûסһһϡ
㾹Ȼʶ֣
㾹ȻεҲž
ô˵أ£Ҫǿֵܣ͸ƽԭ͸±ˣ
ȸоԼʲôڲϵؿѣ飬أ飬˼ٶȾͱƽʱһ㣬ٶҲƽʱһ㡣
оʶ
ţͷжҪת
һ˲䲻һ㼵ģ֪ͨţӣСϯ㡱̸û뵽ƧżŮȻҲ밢ϸ
Ůݸһ򣬡˲ᣬҺҴˡ
˲᣿ʲô˲᣿Ⱥɵش򿪿˼ۣоԼںòĳЩһοҷˡ
ĳĳĳգһذջ
ĳĳĳգֲһذΧȦ
˲ذ壬ƽһ黨԰
Ҵһ̸̳ǾͲɳߣ
ӶˣȻϸɨеζൣ
ȸո˼붼Щ߰εĶ˸ϡá
ʲôָصĶµʲô
ҵĶȻüһỹ
ⶼʲô
ģ˵һ𣿡
ӭ峿⣬Ȼطʱһ˲ȻоЩ㱡
ɫµǸŮװĹͬһˣָоͬ
ҹһӯģģȫŮ
ʱվ£óһִֻӱγһеĽڿе˵࣬Ȼһ£
һͲе֣ҲһͲе顣
Ӧùˡǰݸż۸ء
¡˵
һ룬΢Цŵ˵ͷ
нǰĪʹһ𣬽лټġ
仰ʵ½һ㲻ͬ
ڻֻ齨һ֧и롣
ҲЩݹƵģʮʮϰս忪ԷߣԾװٶȺо
֮ͦ뵱һ彫ġ
ܾΪӪıʿҪսϸټˣԿ϶ʲô¡
ΪѾĹΧˡ
˵ֻҪܽս˫Ҳ㻥Ƿ˰ɣ
룬Ǿֱʵһ䣬ǮҰְɣ
ɫһ䣬˵ʲôֵ˵ͷ
ǾСзһʯͷ̹ȻسЦЦԺлټġ
˵Ȼصȥʱ˼ǰ󣬻ǰ
õǱ˱͸ľĪ
ֻǵǸ𣿡ƽ·ļҳϸع۲ֵ顣
ǵãǸɱʮͣһ˼˵ر𲻻˵رϲӡر
ȷˡ
Ȼһ㲻֡
˵Ƿˡ


106 
ըӪмִ÷ʽ,˵˧ߣ˵ٻ˵ľӹѹӪֻʮ,ʵʹЩֶΡ
һ֧,߼ܳµš
Լȥͺá˵,ǽѵϡ
һ߿˷ţ˹ʿ,һץס,˳ȥȻڶ͵ʿҧ,ץͷ,ץ죬ץŸ첲,һضԺ
еʿ۾ͨ죬еʿǻȾѪ蹷󣬺,˺ҧţ,Źţ侲ˡ
ôʮʿдϳ,ʣ¼ӽﲻˣ˽ȥ鿴ԼվԺ,Щ侲,ҹɪɪʿ
ûʵ׷ʲô,ΪЩҹä֢˵ʳԴͷǶڵҹܱյСͻѡ
ƺΪӪХһܲ£Ҳпǹ֣ʵϲһȺѹ̫󣬽ӽԵʿݵıйѡ
ǼˣѾҲ˵˵ģҪգٿܲȹҲǰһҪڿˡ
ҪЩ𣿡
ɴ඼ɱˡ˵Ҳûʲôá
ЩˣץԬܵıҲ⡣
ЩʿڻѾʧȥ˸ոյ׺бţ༳ȡԷϵһ£־صȴо
꽥ͣˡ
̨ףǰ߹ҪѣȻһŰࡢ㲡ˮ
һʿǰվˡ
ʲôʲôιʲôҪסЩѾȥˡ˵ڣҾΨһʵ
һ
ɱͷ򣬸ЩʿһЩǣζЩʺЩܹܹ꣬˺ȡ
Ҳ˼ԼȻһصĴ
ԣ˺ĴڣͨľҲ˼ֺ֪һ֧ӽҪǰʱֹ£ֱǻġ
Щ˺һһεʿԣʮˣûףûƾһˣԼʮҪһ֧ǧ˵ѻʯѰ·
ЩڵȴҹҹУܿ־ļ尾ǵجβԴЩȥļ䣬Դⳡս
ٵȴŸүԼ׼֧С뿪Ȫ
ȻЩʿ·ϻôͲ̸ǾһЩԼͷ
Уξ벻Ӫʮ⣬һ֧ڻ
һҹ꣬·ϸŢسһУҪʿƽ·Ϊ俪ܼǰ
ȻˣΪʲôһأѵȺɽĶǸСũׯæߵĻƽׯӣҲԾ͵ձЩΣԸʮ˵ɽǲҪǧ˵ģЩǿʵڽ̫ˡ
ؽԼһë̺Уʱʱſ̿裬һ㣬Ҳůһ㡣ȻʺоʺѾһ𣬰һֻͭЩԡ
⵱Ѿƣмԡһ룬̾ͶԼµĴա
ˣµȡī
ЩǿȻڿ˵иո߳ǿʿֵҲİɣҪһǮҲ֮ɣ֮ǰ꿤˶ǮģһĽֻʮѵǲͷūһ
ȡ壬ддͣͣʱҪ˼һӦοʣʮɽ˵ٸǧһԡѪսŽǾźá
Ȼһ֮ʣʼսͷ­취Լ˵һЩ
һƬҪȥҵׯ룬Ҫ֪Ҳãܹôչͷ­С
ɼȥɣȥѰǸׯӣҪ̽һﻹжͷǡде󣬾ԼﴦĹ񣬺Ǿ뵡Ȼû㣬һƣЩ⣬⽴úԼһ
иӪصиɢҲΪˡ
Ӫկδ¹ǣδںϵʿڴ
ӪһƬžżֻȼֻھְع֮⣬ȻҲûʲôע⵽ǵĹ̬ȡ
ڰһͷʿǡ
ǲسȥ˵ҳӪУֻܴ󺰱ǡ
ʿСףͷ
ժʯ乭һϻţû˯ʿ䵹ȻϢӪկſڡ
Ҳʵ£ĲŰȥһƣое㱯ˡ̵εӪɲὫկŹصʲݣӪŵپҪ߽࣬ʮڱҪأô׾Ӫ£γУһӪűһأ
ʲôˣ
Ϯ
еС
عͷ˻֣ʾʿ룬ƵоʿʱȺ̽ͷ̽ԵС£һҲֳʮģȻ󡪡
Ӳû
ʵ֪ȺѾɤӶˡ
һ˦Уתͷȥ׼ϮؾӪʱսģ
үǸϵˣϵˣҴӳˣһɷƵģʹ߹ȥˣر̵ûͷǳȥȸ˿Ȼժһ֧ѣ׼˧ӪʾͶ˽ȥ
ɱ죬ҪӪʲôɱһĻͻٴݣЩ̻Ȼʿ֪ĵˣ֪սѣͷӬһֻĹҪӳӪأǲʲô˵ǰһûǱͷܣӪֱײǱͱȻӳӪȾȫһͷһϸ˿µ˹ŽŴ˧ܳˡ
ˣˣͷ󺹵µ𡪡
еæһ˹𣿡
ǲУξָѾȼŽųУҵĽ棡ūȥȡ
Ǹû˵ͳ˻УһƬҲΪ֮ݣݵرɸжЮţܽһϻһ
Ƭ֮Ȼ˳·ѬˣͷҲճһ󶴣ǱޱȣϻӣӲӵṳ́ʵ
죡һҪϻӱһµ커ӳ
һܿһ˫֣ΪʲôҪӣ
ūɵ˲ɣͷ󺹣ٲӣҪܣѽң
У꿴һϻĽϻӸ֮󣬼Ҹ£Ȼһֻеץס죬Ҳˡ
̴ʱЩ֪ƺȷûӪ꣬ǧʿҲʶ
Ľӣڻҵڻ֮УЦȴõλУξз飬ҵ


107 
,²ںﴹͷɥɪɪүʿֳɼ,һֿܷ²,һֿƥ,һʰغģʬ,мױտ,ܹǶү𵶵,ʾҲһˮ,ү̫ʣù,úӦúȵˮʮָмؽӹȥ࿪ȡ
ҿǼƣүһ⣬ѲԼһ˳ȥһǧ𣿡
ȻأúʮŲдƷȥЩɧεֹ,û˵ڡ
үһ£ͬҡҡͷ,Ѫյ䣬Ҫʱʱǡ
գգ۾,ֺһˮ
Ϊߵ˼ǣү˵֪ȡʤ,սʤֻ,ֻƾƥ֮¡
Ӫһʱǲ,˶үʮĵظ˸֡͵ӪСɡ
ôӽӪկô¹ǣôԽܿ˵ĴͲҪ˵ԴϷڵ̣ʿΧס棬ͣһΪȱڿӣͲսơ
е㷢㶣Ͼڴع屡ĴɷҲ󲻳عһɲèܹȥŻĻ档
ȻЩСɶؼˣûסһ䡣
ЩıǴӺδѧ飿
үӣ΢΢Ц۽ǵһ˿ϸӳڳԵø
ֳÿʱֵֻ˰
仰˵Щޣÿֻţô˶ȥأ
үûи˼أĳظһ䡣
ɷսսɳұԣкκ޲־δӣڱҰˣ¹ܿҲҪԼǡ
үȻǾ仰˼ˡ
ȻǺõģʱսǸõʦѪԽѵ
֧ʱʮʱط²һ㣬ʱŻصȪܵǵһӭǵĻؾڲȪү͵ؿʼսƷ
Ƿ²
׳Һ޼СĵֳЩʿʺϲӵģ
޼ӣûɹڣƤģضӪеС٣ÿʮһȥţüǮˣ
һǲɢү壬ÿַףһǩǩīȾһͷʾǷ²ǲɢµָ
ٵȻҪۣͻȥǮ
Ạ̊́ðװֲ˵µٵΣһȫǸߵһ֪ﲻûӡ½ôôϲʱʱ붯ֶţֱλֶͬĵþƿڴ
ūҲģ
ӲʲôҪ㲻²ΧתѰ˼Ҫ۽ҪҪǮ˴ҾС
Ŀѣ㻹ҪФҼ˲ɣ
е˳˳ëǶԷ޲ҧڣϽˣץ˷²ô𣿡
Ҿ֮һССᣬ˵Ҹô˵أ

Ҫʹˣֲı˿ܣҪ˯һʼ
û취⵰ӵġ
Ȼ²￴öͦʵүȫһ硣Щеķ²Щʳ⣬иʿоֹҲܶүϲһҹġ֮󣬵ڶһţ˲꣬λʿ˺˴񣬲ұʾΪĸТҲԸͶү
°ͣоеĽѧһѧΨһûֵĻˡ
սƷɵ࣬ʳ֮⣬졢ҲҪʡʮдƷ˵ǲ̵ģԹЩӵı󣬰ᶫܰæᣬǰʱֽⲻɾһģ֮ǰԷʱļһ￸ʳ·ʱһ򣬻̲˸ɣþ͵үǰүеصͷ˼ۣ
ûסñʿǹ⡪λҲôڱܵʿϲصĶ廨ţУУУһ죬ƨд˼о
ָһʱ˵˰һ䣬Ҫ͵Ҳ͵ֵǮĶ
ıʿڵϿ޵滨꣬ǶүȥˣʾϽߡ
ս֮󣬡ү˸Ļ⣬ЩñˣЩʿɷһ룬ʵ
ʲôãѹеͣûܸɻˣôܵù
⵹ѣܳ㣬ȻǶЩҪүӣЩһ·˵Ĳϱɶʮ⣬Щ±ǡ
ڶ崻ˡ
ɵ̹ٹѵô𣡶үʲôСʹ
ĳĬƺүˣЦǺǵذڰ֣¶ʮ˲ãͼĲǲȱʶֵľʿЩǡ
Ӧܾģ̫˼ˣС黨ҲûүֻһԶٷżϴ˵Ľѣô˼أ
ǾͶлˣǺ޳ܵرл⣬벻ܿտڰϽܻݷһϻݺ׼ү԰֣񣬲л
үĺܺؿһ۽ֿ˿飬ȻЦ
ˣӴɲأ֧²ģ·ָôණѾˣŹòڣͲء
Ȼһӡ
ͻȻ£еʲô̫õԤС
ƿȥʱиʿشϱ˷
Ǹʿ֣ҲûˣҲʮᣬԭǲġ֮ˣΪ˳һǸֱҪ·ĥˣȻӲŸһѶƽԭʮĲȪ
½վڴߣĿɿڴؿ֮ͣԼּۿһ㣬ӺϣѾ
ģŶʮһ·ͷ󺹵ԥ¶һҸ΢Ц
ˣ֪ûдʲô
үĬĬؽͷ˹ȥ
Լָ΢΢
ð˵ôˣ
нݱҴ˲ᣬ̶ˣһسͶүһ񣬡£ˣܷأ
쵽ˣܶطҪʣүˣûɶ˵ģҲƽԭǳģϽһҲԾǣԥһ˵Ŀ࣬þеΡ
ϢƲϰһܿģ׼ٳŴһȦ֪λ᲻ᶢݣսһҪץģ
ƽԭճɲãðŮٸʩ࣬Ϣʱһ£
ЩطߣҲӵݵ̬ƣ߹ҪãҩĺֶҪԤ㣻
Բż
үҲĬһֹˮ
˾ƾԥｫսƷֳݣ˭Ҳ
ֻԥż̧ͷһۣﻹеơ
ʵҲ֪ԼһǮҲҪ׷빫Ϊڲϲ˵̵סʱвԥֻλ̣֪úҪ֮ҧˡ
½һδڵ꣬Ǹ߰꽣ͣÿÿ˿˲ﲹ乫⣬Ȼûͬŭûֹ
ԥо˾˼ھΣ˽׽ЩźáǮϻǲܷɣ˵ǸУξǸҲöۣ˽Ǯ۳ʳ˹
ԥڵ½ƷߣĵʺǸѵһ˲ţʵϣǵЩ˾½͵͵
һٶֲֹΪԼƣøܣҪƹװڶ
Ȼأӣ
̫ײˣҲء룬ʮֿ϶Ŀ⿴˰εԥװţá


108 
ԥҵҵڲȪ˼Ļ,սƷ¼ᣬŵþȻ,۾սƷ֮ܶһ
СҲûס
ǸݵıӰ뿪ʱ,﷭ӿԯ޵
һ뽫,Լˣ
һֻǽ£һٳ
Ըʵ,,ȽһߣعͷԼļҵ
үһʮݱ,׳ʵ,Եʹã
ʮÿϱĬ,ҳϿɿ㹻ʲгˣ
ʮѧͽϸӪڵĸʩպϣ
ơ̹ꪡì׵,Խ֧齨Ȼֻǲȫ,Ѿ൱棻
ƤʮӪеСǴ,ǲ׵ģ֮֮׼ұ
սƥ,ʮƥ,¿⡢ţ,кüƥǶүҪ͸ģԭûʲôүֻһƥսӳ̶ȲҲǵұ֣Ͼƥ۵˶Ҫʱֱܿүֻƥ׳
ؽ̵͸үʱү˺þãò£ͼŽǼƥˡ
ʵȲǹع˿Ҳ׼ڰعӣֻǲϰսһƥҲûʲôãˢһ¶үøжˡ
֮⣬Ϊҵ󼪵ĺҲǰײһ֮е㲻˼ĻүҲ˶ʮɿĲϱʶĶ֣ܰɵС
һȪһ
ʮÿһʮݱԼСдƷɣһȻҲˣϱ͹ʱҲĺˣͿһ½֣һƮũׯϷر硣
ǸеΣҲʹҪҪæݴʷ￬д飬һУξְ֮
Сʵ۶ڳĲΧ֮£Լ˵ٶն࣬ȷ٣ͱҲܳ͢ʲô¸û˼˼ҲУȲæˡ
Ͼ͸¶ԣкܴƵġ
ΣҪ»ιٶ죬Ͼ˾Ӫ֮𽥾Χʼ£ͼͨʿһֵ㷹ԡ
ʿǱǲеģʿǷҲǲеġ
ǲܴ򹤵ģѾˣôܻͷȥ򹤡ֲֻܽٸƶάһ˼ǰʱûزƱһ¸飬ʵһҺǿôС棬״浽˲꿤
ȷļҺǿǣͷЩ²˼ʮ׳ʵʿžͳˡ
λСĺǿ벩Ȫȷʵ̫Ҫ߸ʮߵϻһѩ˵ڶ춥ŷѩȥ·ϣһӵ磬Ҳһӵ
һԶԶʱʱĴ
һгĿаˣ˴ŶʮƺƵʮ׳ۣΪ׵ϣǸʮ졪ûʲô⣬׼ʿװ·ʺʺģҲ˵ùȥͷǸھͺ֣еǰʦëñӣﻹһֻȣΧ˻ϹϾ
е߶߶ġ
ʲôָʡ
ΧʿǶûֻһߵش
źǱߵɮˡ
ɶɮˣͫ׵𣬡ɮˣ
Ȼ֪ʲôǡɮˡʱھкˣ
ȻӷҲֹٵĽŲ֧߳ȥʮĸʮȻͳȥֱӺ·мˡ
ＸǺǿҵĽͣżʮΧɫ̱ˡ
󡭡󵨣ӣ֪ǡǡҲô
Ϊ׵ǸɮˡһӣֹȺۣһǰ
к£
飬˵Ǵȥģ
ƽʲڲٴ˵޸£Աģ
ɮˣֿ˿֧ӣʳţǮҩġԼͺ;ơ
ϵ𣿡תתȥΪΣ
ɮ˿˿
޹˵ңԸǱ̫ƽ
Ŷ
ɮ˻û˵ꡣ
Ҳƽԭǰӡ

ֿ֧ӣоոպʲôȷʵɲҲֻǿҪÿ¶ʮʯʳϾרְٵģеţܵҪˣũūҪ
ǿ⳵ӣʳǧʯֹʮҪҪЩֱٱֹʲô߼ɸҲ
ҾǸƽԭĶ˵
ɮһ˲۾
գ˵Ƿ㻯ңЩ
㻹ǵмֵ𣿡䲻һ䡣
졣
ɮ˿˿ֿ˿ŵļʮȫװʿ
ˣһ
ɾϼʥ֮£ׯϣȻǷҵİʾ
һ˵ţһ߽һֻ֣ͷϷȻתͷȥ֧ţȥĶ顣
Ƚң׼⡣Įȱ˵סһиƲƣսᡣ
һӲŽǵϴг羴ģɵģ۱ѵģ۱ǺУЩڸɮĿһſ£֮󣬺ѵõı˴ֿڡ
ǿˡ˵
ǲˣʿǾ͸Ͻǰշʹͣ⼸ʮʹΪ׳ۣҪһôչ˻Ҫһʱ䡣
ѩУɮһ£徻ĮվоСǰ̸
μ콵˵ȴ֪ɮԺδأ
ɮûʮֳʵظǸдˣ˷ɮ˶ȥɾл۸Ҳǰˡ
ûɮּһ䡣
޽ĸ£Ƿ屦׼˭ųҲ޽֮أ
ɮҽһ
۽̣Ϊ¥øܻأǧˣƽͿԽʡɮ¶һ˿΢ЦݣĹ಻ܱ⡣
˵ǣĪ˵ƧЩҹ䣬ĸܹأȻ֮۾
ǵˣ˵ҽһҪȥһ
֪ʶȤЩսƷʱظɮ˵ɮҲ֪ʶȤû˵Լٵ¶һθлƽԭ
Ͼܹл󣬵ûٳٰ
λɮڼεܻӭҵõʮλùߵĺǿĹ½ʱˡ
Ӿһ¡ȥһǸڶ޽ĸ£ԼλĹ޸µĹڡ
ûûˡ
Ϊϰĵˡ


109 
֮һʼ֪,ǾҵҵһèһƽԭǴˣӶǿҪһ,Ʋӵ·,һջ
ȪҲأʿҲũ,ɻ,ʳʱµģҲܵСϾڻʱ,ÿһٸɣһϡͺáһս,û˸Ҹʿϴ,ٶǸɷ,ǳ֮ǰҪɱʿ
һԱ֮ܶ˵ľ,ܹҪΪս׼ԾǣԬܺͲܲٵĶΣ
Ԭܺ͹һԩȥ,мͣһΣΪɽԵԬʱתע,ǲǻϵص׼͹ģ
ԬҪǴҲͰˣܲΪԬܶ,ָôأ
ԽݵÿһƬӰ,ӱ,ٿƺƽԭ,ڲȪô
ǿ˵,һô˵ϵҪˣ
ƽԭʲôϵڶô˵ֻʣµʳˡ
ˣ˵ҪǱǵȸض֣ƽԭܶ棿
ͽдݺæŲ鿴½۵
Ϊʲô⣿еһ䡣
ȻأҲǸĿεĳֻһ룬һ뱻ʻȥˡ
һʷä˵趺￬֪֪ܿסǳ¶ϾĴȥˣȨڽϣҲ˵ƽԭƬضϰˣ¶֪ġ
ˣϰʲôʱƽԭͷСӣ
һо˯ҲˣҲˣĸȥˡ
˯ҹʱͻȻ
ϲʲô¶ȵһ̲ű֪ͨĸобʼԼڣԼǺ׵ģıܵò졣
ҲԸ㶪¼԰Ǳˡ
δһ㡣
ΣһǸΡ
еǸСѸסңֶ΢ʣڼҶһ뷹ȫȻÿ֯µ֯Ĳƥȫã׳԰׺ȡ
˵ڼʳܾᣬкɫܸѰʵЩŻٻһƸ˳мҵ׵ĽԱˣֵ˼
Ѿ͵͵ǧǮڸɾڲȪͱⷿеĽֻҪԶһ±Ȼͽˣ
ֻǰԿףʲôʱ򣬲ܴɾϡ
ͻȻˣҲһͲҽΪСվһˣ
Ҫ뿪죬ɾ˵ڴڼ䣬ݴ˼¡
ǿĻûͣøˡ
ɾ
ǲһ۴кص¹⣬Ҫȥһˡ
ݣɾȥⲻҪӺܿתʼɾÿЩһӡ
ʿһӦǼģûʲô
ֵصдҲҲûʲô
ÿмСصɶ˰ţ
ɹ˰æǰ⼸ӦҲûʲô⣻
һȦôĽһⶼûУֹû⣬ֱֿ˼֣
½һԿף
ǮֵԿף⼸ҪǮñǣֻǼǵõǸˣһ顣
¹ԿϣһĵĹ⡣
עԿףһƬհףﶼʱȴˣֻǵɾȥǿⷿʱĿĹԡ
˵ҹǸ죬峿ȴꡣ
졣ŲȪֵصũǵǺܸˣ˵µܹǼ£Щ
ǵ˷Ѿ½뿪һͬ뿪ˣʣµ޾Ŀ־ͽǡ
ӪܱʿǼҳһɾʿҲûȨҲûȨȫ½㣬޷Ч£޷ȡ
Щ͵͵򿪱⣬СѸһױƵ˼ˣֻϣӪﲻҪκ¹ʡ
бʿ˽ɾͷѾ첻Բˣ
ͷƤһըˣΪһ·˹ˣ̫һ֧ӶζʲôҲһͷ˲ݱľ档
ȻӸ涼֮ܲҲдһ¿⡢һǵսֿãԼÿˣʿǵĲҪͬˮԴֿץرģá
ܣܲٺЩڣоĲ㡣
䣬дһ̴Ӻ󣬱ýԵĻ裬һҽľ̿ɫҲ˲࣬пýڵɽҩ˳
˲ܰʱľһֱգ£ڳɽҩĸס
̧ܲͷҲԼһТĳӣԼͬʮǺھТδʱھԵر𵥱
ˣܲټҪǲģӣλֻòܰºТ˳ôô˳ۡ
Ȼ˳ۣǿһ
ȥԭʱߣܲٵ˵ТĿɼΣҲҪעԼ塣
깧һ񣬡л׹ġ
ܲٿһֿۣ˿еɽҩ£
˫۾㸡ֳһ㰧ˡܲټ飬бüĿʾ̴Ƕ˳ȥ
ȻܰһڣΪݰա
ףǫΪ֮պθɣȥݱڴ˴ԣǽ壬¾£˸׺¡˵Ϊ£ҹģò
ٰܲ˰֡
ıʿֻ࣬ҲģҲֿݵǰ๵ԡ
ܰͬĳӣȻǵճڷǰϤĽ̵ǱܼҼ̳ĺӡ
ܰҲûйϻʺ񣬶ֳоϣһ̳ܲģ
ܲٺٶ˽ԼĻʱʾ֣ʾǰ
Ҫ֪Ҿƶݱڶ࣬ƱҪӣǣǣΪáܲٽĺһһ䶼ڲܰϣ۲ǷˣҪһ룬µĸ
ģ
ܲЦҡҡͷڡ
ṩ˰ݺͱԴ˱ҺͷҶɱ񣬾ֶκͷ򲢲һ£ĿĶһġ
ǰɱ¾ǫ𣬴˷һΣݾ޵ֿݱǣǼԸǲòΪ֮
μǣ¹ȻãǿΪһζ̰ڴˣֻȡ
ܰˣΪü䷺ʹɫֻᣬྭлЩʰ룬Ϸ
ʹˣ˵ɱҲ̫ˣͼݣѵֻҪһƬżȮĻĵ𣿡
⣬ܲЦаõһɽҩݸİĶӡ
İɣдŲɵϺվҰݣɱǼʮվµʱұػһƽ硣


110 
½Լĸ·ٶȡ
һʱ,һʮʿһߣһʮ,,һһʮ
˵Ļǿһܳġ
뿪Ȫׯδʱ,ɷһƬ˼֮,˶˯ȥˣֻһƬָĻԭϡѡһ֦ҶïİϢһ,ȻۣĬ,ǰֳһƥ뱸,ֻ۾,⿴ʵĿ졣
һʮּЧҲʮִķ,ƥֻάּСʱ,ܽӴսҪʮСʱ·,Ҫеһλϡ
ķλʮֱ󣬴սϣΪ˸·,һս,Ϊûʲôϵֻȥһƶ,˵,ܾ,Ҫһӣѵ׽õ
ŹͼңȻҲǴϺУӲȪһʱܵ˼ˮԡ
ȻԼһ˸·ҲͲװʲôˣǻڰߵʲô⹦ԼιȥҲ͵ˡһҹ·Ȼݱϵ
ַˣЩµ˵Ϊ˱𣡡
ûӦ˭ˣ
ܲ٣ϵµĵˣ
ܲ ˸һ˱˵¡
ܲ漮أΪܱϸ׾һֱΪ԰ȴû뵽ԼݣȻǴˣһ˼Ҫȥݡ
Ȼͱǫ֪ˣɱˣȻϰˣ̫ˡ
Եȥر΢ϰȻҲеģȻݣȥĺô£ɻǵʬǵ׵ǫƤӵ£ܺĸɳⰡ
ϰɱˮΪ֮ɡ
һ˵ǰȲɽݰվͺɵؾ̸Ǿˡ
˭ҲҸ߹ǫս
˭Ҳ͹˲ܲٵıġ
ǳѾʮˡ
ʱͷ²ܾΧǣҲҡʱͬգܾǰʮֻΧʮһſʼǡ
ǶڼУȻͷɱźֻܼ֮ȥȥıʿʮַæ򣬲լ
ʯͷʯ³ȥľϿԼӹ̳Ƿؿǽһ㣬ææµµͷʣ̧Ѫʿ³ǡ
̧ܾµʿԽࡣ³ǽҲسʿǸǱʡ
ǳǵİȫԸҹԼյصֿҲȲܲԤжնѡ
ǲ½ҲСǽˡ
ӽðŨ̵СʱѾ˼
Ȼܲǳǽʲôġûǣֻǽǳؽݱ
ⲻʲôֵóƵ£Ҳоͷһһۡ
ټӪӦȥһԼأ
һůһ죬ʱݼ㽥һǰ˽
ѥӲȹǰһޱݣԽĸ
ʹûޡ
ġС
ܲʣ˽ȥĲܱſֻװ۵С֡
ҮҮ
ĺõ˻Ӧһѽϣϥϣҡҡ֣ʲô
裡һСҮҮã
ܲĵƳԱߵŮһۡ
ǸʮŮ仹ɬѽֳ̬СޣŮ㽫ͷ£ǫ˵һԣһʡ
λͳݵĽ½ĿתصŮϣܽնЩʲô
ָϸϸɤӽʲôʲôϷӪвʲôҪһǸ±С
֮⣬СǺܺģģҲһϡŹֵҪһʰҮΪʲôôæΪʲôûԷΪʲôҲѰʲôǴ̣ΪʲôҪ̣
ЩߴߴڸﶼõʮĵĻشΪʲôҪ̡Ů
ΪǸǫǸˣкܶܶ໵ˣǶ԰ܵĴҮҮҪȥǡܲ׽Ű֣ܵҡһҡû˻ˣҮҮͲٴ̣Ϳÿ㰢ˡ
𣿡ԲԲ۾Ӹ׵ϥŬץĺҡҡҮҮȥǣ
ܲٴԼһѺҲͦĵģǱľ顣
¹һ꣬˵ϼŢЩקḾŮҲཬǱЩŮǱǣʿǴǵʱҪд˺ӳеŮ׵׶
Ľѣʹ븸ĸҲãɷֱҲգվµĻǺӣʿ˵ǽŮȡֵģȻ˳ĻҲԴھӪǷ첹Щ׶ʲôأ
´ȭߣȻвʶʱŮ˻ӤϷ֡
ҵĺӰ޺ҲǸĸģģ
ʿѾĿһҲΪֻǽĴŮӻУӲӾ˳ݺݵ˵ϣ
¹أĴཬӤǻŷ˱ܵĿ޺
ǿ޺δʿĴֻһֻţҪݺݵز¡Ҳһ̣Ůӷ˷һİ
ּ񣬴ľǹȥ˼ʸƿ졣
ڵϣˮеĺ±ڻʱΧʿһɧΪǸڷŵ˵һʿ֮󣬻ڽӶ乭ż
ʿæűУҪϳǽȥץǸꣻҲʿæĴأҪԼܿʸķΧ
һƬӵĽŲУֻǸ꾲ڳǽϣ·ྪ޴Ůӡ
ƣҪһֻ־£ߣ
ɵǣܰ
Щ˱һ̵ֻأþȫˣʿҪ׷ȥʱҪһ֧׷ĽŲ
·Լ컹ûȫؼŭ֧ӣʿϳǽǰǼԭǽݱʬ˳¥ڲǳǵߵ㣬þȫش󺰣
ܲ١ˡ
ĲܲͻȻ˸硣
һԵĵΤǰһвʣ
޷˰֣Ұˣ߰ɡ
ѪڻĲϣٱ˼̤ۼ
ܲپӪһͻȻ̾һ
һ·ļڹضܹίԲ˿ʹ֮һɫԶ·̫ˡ
Τ֪˵ʲôȴ벻ʲôĻֻܳĬظ
ڲܲٻعͷƽ
ˣҪ㽫еŮ̶˵ʵһЩģ𣿡
ǡ
ܲٵ˵ͷ
õһ㣬Īðʲô


111 
Ӧһʿĺӡ
ָ͡ڸԵľУ,ǳǻֳȵйߣԷֵЩҾʵľ,ȥ,קһʲƲ,Ҳ˵ò,ٽһɱŮлѡƯ˳ĸ˴ߡ
ڹûѪоԵľǱǰѡϴٹĳǳ,ǱϸµķǵսƷӷǰݺ,޹,ӲϵİնǸ,ѰõǵͣЩͷǭ׼ʲôأ˼ϸ飬ʳ,ֻŻʣ¼Ů,Щղغãδǰ,˴ߡ
ܽǸʵ¹ȥʱĺǰ,Ҳֵܹһ,һʿжأ
ЩݱҲиĸ޶,ݰռзҳÿһöͭǮ,ÿһ,ÿһϸ޲ôعԼ˳áǸ꽣͵ĳ־رĲʱˣҲرߡ
״񲣬ڳĴҴܣʿǰһɱ˺ֲĽȿ׼ʿæ¾ʱδʱ㱻ɱһˣ
һʿȻܽΧɱ֮ƫڳϴǸ֮ɫֽӰӰ´֮޷Ρɫˣ˱˹ƵģڳǶɱϼˣɱ¾˷ʤ
ʿǲòʱֹǵĿ񻶣Ҵææؼһһʲ羯䣬ЩƤҲ˲أûѽһصҪǸһѰҳ
ܺϵʱУڴ˽Ǹͱǽ˵ɱˣǽ㱻˲ˡ
ҷҼ͡
ЩΪֻŶ£Ҳ֪ϰܺĨĨԼĺӣҴææǽϸϵʱлԹš
Դӳ֮ʱн͹سǵϢ֮رФԼҲܽ羪ףһնɱļձʮıʿʱбкüλ񣡸߸Ľ񣬰Ľһܳʮ뷹Ľ񣡼Ѹ߲·Ľ˶ǽԬǸʦҲų׵Ľ񣡳ͷƵĻƿСҲʿǴΪ
ҪһʲôĽܿסİʯ
ǽһصʬ壬аյģвؾģҲвܾģʬϣճӰ
ȷʮᣬδ֮䣬һǰĿ⾲Խ㳤ƱǸ׽
εӰֻͬҰϹѿСƺ뼲羢꣬һƱҪֻҪһ˫۾ɨȥǰĳƱҲԸӣ
ܺв죬ϵأ
ֻתһתͺܿͨˡͬΪˣ֮ʣʿǸеηģʲô翵Ľ⣬ɱ˵ļա
ɱЩʿۣͬǵͬ磬Ҳֵֿѣܹη壿
ܺ´˼֮ڻڡ
ֻһˣǳأЦһЦнŮζѡ񲻱ⷬͽɣ
һۣ䣬Ҫаջأ
ܺ鲢еȣ֮ǰ˼ڳͻϮʲôĿģĻֻеһ΢
ʵгЦɱסˡ
һ΢ܺúϸһ˿ߣǫɱܷŹӣ
ǫɱΪβɱǫҪɱİգʵѵûû𣿡
ܺҽʽϸ΢ʮ⴫еģȻûǷꡣ
ҿ˼Ȯλдһ˿βס׺ɱҲᲢۣ
Ļո£α㶯ˡ
ˣҳǽһɫĵ⣡ǵҹҲһӰ̽ܺУĪµ˳磡ͬƿƲ㣬оѶ磡
ԭġȱӣԭĽô֪ꡣ
һ˲еûڣΪʱȻǻģδҲδ£
İûһȻֹ
ĳƿ˳ƱİΧǰ
˫۾Ҳǰ
ܺڲʲôĶ̴ĽףʱѾ泯죬岻ܿصصˣΧһƬΧ
ֻǸײ³ǽģӰ
⼸ʮֵһ꣬䳤ٽһ磬²ܺˣܺѾǺ⡣
ԼǼʶĽҲ޺ˡ
ʿǴҴææؾŻѣܵѦˮԣϸؿʼѲÿһأҪ˵֪Ľץ
Ǻܿͺˣ֮ǰ̫ʬ㵹Ѧˮ֮УӲѶϻҰĺϱ鲼ʬ塣Щʬᷭţżײţܹںˮ£ڻҫ£žػǰ
ߵѾ޷Ӱ쵽ǣѵĹȻҲܴ͸ǡЩʿֻ㬵غѲһȥ
ˮף͸ĺˮŤ棬ͬһ粻ɭȻһƳ
˫۾ˮЩģģѾܶ۾һעϰγһʸٴγһʸһһŨصѪӿӵһƬˮȾøӻǲ
ЩѪĻƺºĬרעעҲܹ󱳿һʯϣ΢Ϣһ¡
˽Ųߵı
ЩδЦɾΪǱ
ҡȻһԭһݾġ
ˮУ
ǡԳҲЦЦˣüѽΪλأ
ɾδң˵ҡأ
⻰˵öԣл㱵ţת
峺Ĭˮ£㻺
ɾ֪ˮУȴδ׼Ȼ󲻳ҴʱòüǺº͡
ԡ룬ǹ𣿡
Ϊǣ̩ɽҶˣԭֻɾеһ룬ʲô𣿡
̩ɽ˭Ի룬Ϊʲôĸ񣬶ʲô̩ɽأ
ɾ񽣣ͨߣΪγٳδȥڴˣ
ֻеۣΪԼҸոմһܣеۡ
üƺЦһЦ
ɾдһսʵɾսΪΣ
Ȼۡ
һḾ˵ʬǰԼͶˮģЩһ˫СС׹¹£һľɰĹˮס
½һǸˣƺһ֣ҲѣˮһĹ⡣
ݵ˯ˣһ룬㲻ˮ´̫ã˵ڸоô
öˣض˶Լ֫߰ɡ
ȥʵȥʲô
ƿˮ棬˳ǸḾѾźˮƯ¹ڵķ򣬶վںӰԣǸֿһۡ
Ϊ˾㡣
ĬĬ롣
Ϊ˾Ⱥܶ㡣


112 
ܲϢڴ,ǴշæƽԭҲĬһ̣ظ֮ڡ
ŷɸһԣǼӺԥ,ǻ࿴һ,㼫ĬؽĿͶ
ǰǫ͵ͣ￬յ̾ǰݡ
ݲ,㣬￬ȴͱ⣬ֵݽǧƽԭһʱæµŵǲկ֮¡
ֻǴýգǫһҲ͵ƽԭǵظϡ
ǫϣ,Ҳдһ˴Ԯֻôնѡ
һ⣬Լıʿ佫Ѱ,Ҫһǵ
Ҫ,ܾΣҾΣ
ܱƴ,ȥݱʮ򣬡Ӻһ,пսߣ㶨ࡣ
һܿµ,ʵЩ١
ݴǧ,첿ǧ,޼߶ӡ
л½꿤˸ףԴ˷ֵõıʿ뵽ʱŷͻȻֳˡ
½Сɾٱʿһǧ֮ˡ
Դ𱸵ؿһۣ£θɡ
ٱʿúεȲףƽԭǵЩҲġսϣĪ˵ˣǧˣڲܲٵľǰҲδܵһñµһҵȥǸأ
ʱųȪٱ֮󣬴һǵûصȥǲȥ
ܲٱأ¾ݡչʦҵܲȥ
Ӻ˼Ƭ̣׳һ⡣
Ϊβ뽫ͬȥ
￬͹ǫ֮䲢ûʲôѪΪ˵ԼѹϵɢģҲǲȶġǧʿýΪԼţΪͲһ㰵ʾ￬Ŀģ￬ΪģΪĿģҪԾӵľԿ
ȻʦΪʲôأ
ܿһ㣬Ȼ￬ͼݲɣ
ȡΪι̬
ôǫžرĺ壬ԽһǫҪģı֤ҲԽǾ֮Ԯ
ȫվǫĲ²⣬ǫԶ֮ݣ￬ƤµƽԭǣܻҪصʵһ̬ƶԼΡ
ܲƴǫ￬ĺҲδܻ˲ܾοۼףдͼıԥ˵ҾóȻУǾ崦ֹĿһ
̧ۿһʿ
ߺΣߺΣ޷ǳȵܲ٣ֵ￬ˡ
ֻڹ˵ûʲôá
ʡΣǺξ壿
ɷؼ䣬µ䣬һδаֵھ֮ʲôǾ壡
ԥ仰ҭһ£ֵ˴ʲôԸҪһʵҲǰĶ˵ǣʱǵѪһ㣬侲һ㡣
ݣʳƽԭ˻ιһأ˵ѵ£ʳɣ
оһ̣µĽŲԥҲԾתͷȥ
һеİ½㡣
Ǹ˵΢˵ƽԭǰǿɱıģϰʵǭףҪ࣬ԴӲʣǸʮԼˡ
˿ǱˣѪۣˮͷһһ縵ϡ
ظ˶ϵһصӡҲ˵ע⵽ЬӶ·ܶˡ
ΪվȪʲô²ɣ
ҡҡͷ
ݶ顣˵ϰ䣬ַǳͻأ˵°䣬ѹγƣȪǮҿԷָһЩ
Σ仰ʵģǿһ½۾;òˡ
ȪжǮԥ磬ܹǧһ·֧ã
תͷһɺԵˮݣѪӡԥС
زѶȥ˹ߺȣ˹ߺȣ
ʲôʳҪ
ʲô̼ȱٽҲҪΪ֮ս
Ĭ˺ܾãҲ԰վ
˷һ֮¡һһ䣬˵ڣ¡
ԹŽŲ
ôںδ
İ꺺һҵڳڳ֣֮͢
Ҫţ󺺻йڵģ
˵ĿⶼͶλһ˼󣬽ĿһӹͣԥϣĿҲһ˿Ц⡣
ݣذ£Ҫˡ
仰ǰʾʾ˹ֳʣԥֻǷ
ǡ
˶Ҫ֪
䲻ө֮⣬δ£
îկ̣˵Ԯݡ
ǣ
һȺ˸ȥֻǵ½ܸɵʲô
ϾȪİԣҲƳһЩõĴܵʲôУòЩݱҲ¡ҪоеΪ⺢ӡ
Ȼǰһ
һ㶣ֻ۾е͵ؿ
½˲̫һȻǡСˡСˡԳƣ˭ܿó񣬲˭Ϊ˵ƺʱǰճаյϰߣΪ
ȻҲʲôϡ£Ⱥ˶ǱԼҲϰ½ƿͽһڲȪбҲδ
Իܾ־ͬϵˣܻߵһеȻź˼亶̫࣬һʲô
ȴԥǵһһ۵ʿ⣬ЩֵԭҲû˭ʽЧҡ
½ڵе㲻̫ԾǲһţԲһЩеûġ
˵ίھڲᣬʾҲ֮Ļ档
½ġίʡ˵ƺȫһĳժ˹ȥ
е£ǽӹ
Ǳý޹ԻޣȻ֮ճ֮ͬЩҲͨһЩܾûܲ˳֡
ؿһȻ̧ͷꡣ
ҵĽҲʲôرĽ½Ŀ棬Ҵδ
ٶĺ壬ֽѳ˻ȥ
Ժ󣬡΢Ц˵⽣Ҳˡ
½߳Ǽʱԥ̨µ
кʵףΪǺеڡޣ͡ޣ͡ޣ֮࣬ŬشһѱԹзֳһС򣬿ظԥһк
ԥʱ鵹ǲôˣһֻ
ҪزȪ𣿡
ǣ˵ҲҪȥҵأһ
ԥ˼һ࣬˳ţ
ʲô⡣
Ҫ⡣
룬ʮˡ
ؼգ
ա
ԥҡҡͷپЩ
ǾֻдŶСֶӵĽһˣʱȻ㲻ࡣ
ʵؽʱԥϸֳһֻ
ȥɣ˵Ҫ֪˳Զţʹ˳ԶȫͬģҪ׼ĶͬҪıͬĸҲͬˣĪν֮ԤҲ
ֵֹġ룬һԴӺǿթ˶ʮسʲôװ£ģ
ܿʶ߸¡ĲǺס


113 
оһ鷳,ѷϣǵзϡ
ݣжٳ,ж,ж೤;費Ҫ
Լ̣Ѿϣ㲻ܿӶս,һô˵㣬˵㣿ȻҲԸѾϵĵط٣ʿǿѺЭ̣¿ǡ
ǳѷ˵зΧ,㵱ȻȥӶ˵սʣÿŴ󶯸ɸ֮꣬˫Ϊ֮,ƴһûԸĸԸݷϵġ֮,ҲȥذյĻ,죿
ֻˣ齨ʲô,ֻôҽʳװߣ˲ȪＸʲôڡ
Ȼ,زȪ֮ǰ,Ȼһ˼ҡ
ȫҶʧɫ,û취û½ɾôǱӣСɻϳݸɴûϳѧĻҲɾˣָͿʼޣô嶼УͬĹƨһƣֹˡ
ڼвȱľͰˮϴһԼ
һսʿ壬ҲһսʿģǿȸߵܵսҲܼζ岻ºۼ
Щˮʱ㿪ʼ˿ڣʱѪѾҪˣָ׿һ£һǳǳ˰ֳ̱
ſһȻ֮Ժ
ʳرʢͬɱһֻԴеҰѿˬڣвǽĻرࡣ
ɾݣͬʣʱ飿
಻֪Ҫ°ɡ˰·̣ȥʱ£ʱ£мҪãҲ֪
ǻ࿴һۣϾеѹ˵
밢ͬȥɷ񣿡
ôУ붼ûͷ񶨵ˣڴ̡
˵Ҳû
ô˵Ҳˡ
еѵ첹ɣǾˣҪŮ޲һϴ·첹ֻôþӪ
ⶼʲô£Ŭؼ˵ǣоѡ
Գˣһ·ˣͬ˵ʲôѵġ
ˣǲԾ
С˰죬ͻȻӣӣҿԡ梣Ҵˣ
ݲ̫ƽһ˵Ҽ糤ǰ㣬ʤܾƴ⼸ˣǧڲǰ۵վأ
ɾʧºδվأ
ݵسĬһֻ̣аȥ
Ǵң״䳡ȴ첹֯⣬һܰﵽء
˵
գգۣ˵ʶĶ֣д㣬㲻գ
ȻҲ㣬ԼҲĿ
ң֪֮
ҲԲ˵رĽɡ
Сתһ¡
ʱ꣬׷ùֿ뵽

½ùʳҹصȪʱһҪӵ
ɾС˲տ˯ﶼ̯µ˵ЩӾβģСʵڲ֪СʮѧľɱգСʵڲ֪Щô°
ҪˣӲ˺üͷ
ɫδתתȥ鿴ǼͷӣͻȻ˶׵Ǿ仰
ȴǱЩθкҩٴߴտ˽ǣȥЩʲ֮⣬׼ڲȪȻ󲨡
Ҷ˺٣࣬ڲȪֵأǼŽһȥôװݣôװǮ֮أֹõҲԲǡ˵ǰ濪·ǰݵһʲôȻֺأɽ·ˮŵı»ǵеġ
ڲȪȻѾڴ˶ӣ½͸ɴཫһŵùҪǼдƷտ񼴿ɡ
ҾЩ£ô˵
ȥʣ𣿡
һ¡
Ȼʲô̫õԤС
Ȼҵı٣˵Ҳġ
С˲δҪŽоŮ˵ǸڶҲ𣿡
ȻǲɵģǸҪߵȥ
ŮƳһۣδС˱ȥδ
ͻȻ챻øŵС
ȪӪе⣬ûи˰֧֣Ҳѹڣȶթ·ǿýٸƶķʽ֧ӡʿÿ¿һý𣬵ƺûȥеʿýĴ׼лżٻؼʱߣеʿûмСͿʼһǮеûмС׼С
Щ˽£ģҲߣҲţ˼ֲǾӪһԱһʮֹԾӪһ⽨Сݵ㣬ľֵҲУҲУȻ滹иˣʹЩİæ첹ϴСЩľ˱⡣ʿȻǵ׾͵͵潨˼ҡ
˵֧ҪΣ֪ʱܹ飬һְ᲻Ѿѵũ˲Ȫһ֡ѾӪ˷ĸˡͼҪˡ
о;жм裬λС½ӲͷƤ˵Ҫǵý⣬ʱ
ʱҺҲˣҲˡСƳһۣȻͻȻڵϣ۾ͳˣŽʰ֮ΪҪΪҵȲݽ氡
ΪЩˣҲͼʲô˵ݽڣЩոʵҲ
صǣӪĳЩú¶ò֮оµѶȾͽȻӴˣ
жأ
С˽ˣۣ۰ǳǰʮ
СˤˣС˿ĵͷˣСʲôˣУС·ЪһЪǳǰʮ
С˵׵ǲǵˣСȥѰᣬ淽ѰСˣء
֧ȻǰУȴڴ˷ȺʿĥĥĿֻһоٶ̫죬İոϣڶֳϵϱҪûϣ̾Ҫ״ˣ
÷ܾþɾЩ޴ʿ֮ĳͷʽڲбԴʿӦ˵Ϊݱ֮󣬾ӪճҲá
û뵽žô꣡ӲȪϵƽԭ·ͨ裬Ҳãԭʱôõˣ첻̣ʱŵӪկʱ춼Ѿˣ¡ҪǰγŻˣһҲͰˣˣЩʿҪɹ⣬ֺݲΪ´˭һ
ؼҳԷָ˰죬һԱձˮĶͻȻСˡ
ĪҳŴԣоʱʿиĺ⣬ȶ߿ʳԲˬΪ֮

ߣ
ҡͷһѡ
ȶߡ
Ҫԣ˶ʿоͲְˡһ֮׿ľ֮˳
ĳؿһ䣬Ȼò̫Ծ
û취˵
գգۣǰҽȤ£ϧ밢ͬУֹֻܴʱٽ밢
ʵŽߣҲôܿǡоʱԱҪһȺ֮
˳һᣬգþ׷ˣΪǧľӣǧߣǸͣر׳ۡ


114 
·ʵ,ߵȷʵҲ졣
˵ڶʮ죬ǻǳݣؽ,ʱݳݺ,Ѿʮůˡ
ˮ迴һԼͷˡ
ԽߣԽ࣬Ƚݵؽ֮,Ǳǡ
ЩϼҴڵģЯ׵ģ̶ֻûȫĵİڷݹ֧ԮǫľӺһ׳̼ǡ
ͦģ½ԣһƬİֵȵءЩԣǵĹ
ֻҪһ˿ϣ,ǾͲԸ硣
иС⡪Щ׳ҲҪԷġ
Ҽ֧֮ǵĿͲԼ,Ǿӳˡ
ͺ鷳
ݾ,ػᾡǣ,ֲܼؼǵʳġǧʿ,´ЩֻҪͣ,Ͳʲô˲õĸ
ݾںͲһ,һƬ,Ҳ۰ǻÿһҪһķҺǿǸرɫ¡
˻һµʳֻԼ֧ŵ۰ǣԽʳʡȥ·Ҳõûóԡ
֣С˵Īپͷˡ
㬵ؽַ¡
ݵؽ磬ͲʱӪǱʱîʱδʱӪʱͱҪӪկãпܵĵϮ
̫֮ϣʿѾͣ˽ŲʼææµµжأںΧ¹ǡ
ӪҲŴӰ峵°һӪҲΧӪˡֻҪʲһƳܿҲǴͬġ
ǸݵƽԭˣȺ˸֧ӵĹϵõһӵĶ޲񣬷첹죬ƽأ·˸סһһӪҲΪЩЩʿļҾҲס棬ϴҲһս˷ý𣬲ô˵и֧һߵУЩǴȽϺõģ
ݱصʿˣԼĳۣ֧ҲΪ˲Բȣǵ·Ϸ˵С£ЩʿҲҪ±ѣ˿ѹǵǮ󵨷ĵظһ̣Щ룬ֽŸɾԾҲûʲôʱʱӪ֮죬ĵû죻
ЩһӳŵС׼ʼ£ͲȶˣҲһ࣬ʱƻҪʳҪΪǵԵľͲò뷽跨ıһڸ̯·ҲҪŷĳʱطĵߣ粻ܵ·ʲô޶ʲô֮Ҫܶ˼άӣ
鷳ģҲײũȥ˴ѣʳͲ࣬ܲЩûû²ʳǾͻ뾡һа취͵ҲãҲգҲʲôѡ֮ϧһдҲȥ
͵ģӱץģΪ˸ԼŪԵģȥĸʿ˯һǡ˼ϱҲںļӪŮ˺һţӪ⼦ɹ㣬ȻܱһһѵֽӪҪ󽫾ġ
Ϊ˶ž·رԼͷҪƵѲӪʱʱܳӪؿһȦ
ӪֵøƵģʿУƾһ˫۾䲻ܴһֻﵽʿ
컹ãȴѵƶӪؿʼѲ飬ȻӪأûʿܳ㣬ʣһʿӪأͨʿбڣҲ˼˼ˢһʿ˺øжȣ㿴ǺӾ͡Щʿ˼ô꣬Ҳǰ̸ҲǿصͷͰˡ
ߵʿӪصľͷҲˮԵһƬʱͻǰ֮Ļһ
ƽʱˣȻڿеһ֣һϸϸĿӾС

⻹û꣬סǸӣûϸ顱أǼӷɹˣ
û⼸ӷɵϣžصһء
˳ŷȥһʮСкһʮִӵɫ
˹ȥǺӵɫԽԽס
ŵҵĲǣܺӿǽţǶ˶˸񣬡뽫Ҫ
ϸһȦ⺢ʿ˳Ĵ磬Ҳ֤һ㣬ȻְʮǰӵĺţҲԲ㺮š
ʲôָָеǼ
ܺʶĽ˻·£ġ
Ŷ˵Щͬﶼܿʣһˡ
գգۣʲôͬ
ûڣеƣոһѿͬʱɳô£
ܺӿһСĵأǼóǰλΡ
һһĿӣ
ܺӵͷУ׼ʶ˽
ģеظһ顣
ȻʮСк͵˵ͷ
ں˽Կ彣幭޹ʲܲؼײΪͽֶҪµѵ֮ΪͨһѽȻҲϽָƻŻ·Сѣܿͻᱻһȥʲôƻ
һⶫҪʲôѵֻҪϼ죬ѧװɽ׼Ŀ꣬⶯ʸͷɳȥˣʮƽֳǿҲܸһ͵ϮһͨسǾΣա
٣Ҳ١
ǰôһ󣬶һ
Ӧ׽ˢˢܺӵĺøжȣȻ뷽跨ջԼɻ
ǡⶫĿɶ
ʲôðͰʣ𣿡
ܺӵƤһ£˿е㲻ģǾʵԸ档
ף·ʳ㣬Ҫһ󣬴Щ
ȥز鿴󣬺е㰮֣ܺҲ۾һֱǰϣȻȥ
ҪӪУҰɣʣ㻹ʲôˡ
ǺӵĿȻҲ͸һظ
常
񱻵ɹմӵĻˣλʮʿľĿ˵ġ
һˣ常׼ԼֶֶŮȥͶ;ͬ·һһΡ
ս£ʿҲǱ࣬ڱȰ˼䡣
Ϊʲôһأ£˵Ҿ֮⣬Ԯ᲻вܲٵı
ʹܻ˲ܱΣʦԮݣ壬֮Ԭڲ࣬ʱʱշʿҡҡͷ£
˵Ҳԡܲٱǫֱȣһξͱͷ׷һΣ˺Ԯ֮ʲôȷû취ġ
˵ǸкҿҲź֣صһ
ˣȴԸԶʩԮ֣˶һʣʽ˭£
Ҽ¡ЦһЦСɾʲô֣
ʮ֣ص˵СףС
ԷӦеǼ´⺢һ
⺢úܿ㣬Ȼ⼸ʱе㳤Ƥɹһ㣬㣬Ӷ˷
ôǸʮСӡ
һΪʲô˶ʮ갡
ܸȥʦ𣿣㲻Υʹͯ
Щ߰뷨һ𣬵סˣûаѲ³
Сɾ˴ϻۣΪΰܿض˵λһʣʲôѴѰұǣвǲزҴǡ
̫ˣٷֱʱûססˡ
½˹ͷǼݵǰϲȥɡ
⣡
еܳ˹һ롣
ٸ˫𣿡˵ӪеĿӸԲϡ


115 
ܺһЩ,ǲǶ˼ǵԵʣΪһֱڷȡ
սɱ,Ķ񴯺ͷҲʲôϡ¡
£ǲܲٴӵ,µһԱ½ս⼸,δ̰
Ǹξ֡
ƺصˮ֮Ϥ˵
ֲϵ±Ϊ׷ɱ,ʧսԼ׸˴֡
¿޺,޾
ˮ,ɶ,׷
˭ƥ˭ɵһ·
ϵ,
һֻ׺ݡж顣ܲٲδٶѣ,һ,,ٲӰ
ɫ谵,ܺв£֪ˮ,ҵһҴ,һҲƵ,ֻ˵СӣϻĴڵ
Ҵ᳹׵İˡ
Χƺ˷磬ɱҲˣܺĽŲҲԽԽܿ󲽣
ôܣƺԶˮľͷҲѰСһʯԣԭ͸ͣСģ
ԽԽţҲü٣ǰףҪκζȴ׷ԽԽ
ڣһƬ֮УˮͣһС
ǴӰ
ܺľ廯ΪϲȫԸسеС
Ǹ꽣ڴϣתͷ
һ˿ᱡЦ⣬˱

ܺڴоѹǰŵģĴ֡
ھӪУܺľʲõݻʣÿһ涼ԳڳĸۡУ˿Υ͡
ϵıӶƳɣĹ͸ɫʡ
һʵĽ֮䣬ֻλɫȻƾϣһʡ
εˡܲپ˵Ҳһ˿Ц⣬½ȻҲһ͡
ҲǾ¡ܺĻ˵һ룬˻ȥȷ˫Ľ񡣡
Ƕ˵Ԭ·λʦ˫ĽôܲЦôལ񡣡
˵ܺҲ׷һ䣬Ͽж
ܲҡҡͷƵƵɳδţǻƿСδرǡȱ
ԲܲٶԣǸûʲôı£Ҫսһ˵Ϸƾٸ߳ĽҲһ˵ֵǧ
ǸΣյźš
￬ɳԮ֣ϽԼľݣǰС䣬ǧбҲֵһô
ֻлԬܲ룬ҲɳԮĻȫĿͺڽˡ
֣ܺһͻȻӻ֮лعһ㣬Ҳ»еڶˣĽ
ǡȱ
ܲվӸµؿ
бǽӰҲ޳ЩżӪʣ嵭һ˿еҩζ
Ǹ꣬ȻδʶĽܲĪãǸˡ
ˣȻƽЦЦҸйӽƳһǿ󡣡
оʮպľڵִ۰ǣҲǫ
λʮһҲڸǲסӣó۰صƣɱţһȺ輧ǰҪذһݵˡ
Ȼ˭Ҳû˼Ⱦƣû˼輧̬
ܲٵľӾڰĶȫԸرϮֻҪ졣
ݡǫոտڣ˱΢ҡҡͷ
ǫ΢΢ЦݽղʱȲ;ˡ
ʲôƷںҿһ˽־Ƶĺô
ƿ࣬׶ʮ𣬲ĺþƣдͣɻܡ
ǴҾյҲžһ١
о𣿡˵ڹ۲ǣǣǰŬԼ
ʲô壬ʾ⣬ѾˣѵԼܸ𣿡
żҲûλ˼һ¡˵ÿ˶һ
Ǿͻλ˼һ¡
Զ׼ǫǲдţ￬ĥĥ䲻ֻǧ䣬ӺӺüǧԮġ˵úԮ˵ÿ̱ⲻ
ǫȻʮִȵرʾԸ⽫ǧǧ䣬ٲһݱصľ׳Ҳ˵Ĵˣٰܲ
ǧʱܲ㣬ҪµĽͳһָӣλղʮ꣬ĸߴ΢룬棬ؽ˼䳡滰ʾԼȣӴ˾һԱʾסݣӮһƬȲʡ
ȻȻѾһԱˣ͵øҰơ
ʱ½Ϊע´ۡ
ܱһǼûʵأƾոµúδϹ
ǫʱʮ׺ڳ˶ܿ߿صĵ֮ˡܱ߹ʱȴ۽Ƴô⡣ȻǸ̸ֵ·ܱҳ
ǫǸصӣֱ߰ܿϳˡ˵Ŷˣݣǫ࿴һ۵͡
תһر򵥣رԣ˭룬˭˵⣺ǫصģҳλܽĵǲ
ᣬ̸ô
ڸ˳ӪѧһЩ¶ûϵ
սǱϷѣװӣֱսϣûأ޷ڡǵ˼άʽ͹ĳǾкܴͬ
һôĹӶͷűıֻпܻ¿ϵ˼ȻԼںԶ׼ġ
ڴγԱȵǣϰľӿûںģ޶գҲж
֣򣬡Īپͷˡ
ֻе㷢˵ⶫƴյľӣҪôأ
ƻһһǶ׵۾һһ
ڵǸܱ˵չ˵Ҫܾܲ𣿡
ûУֻ˵Ҫܾܲѵһ𣿡½˵ѵܲٻԼܻȥ𣿡
һ¡
ܲνݣģû⵽ʲôʧģȻǫ̫˵Եʣһ棬ܲٽӶǰկġ
ȥ죬۰Ǳ˱ˣƹ۰ǣ¶ڻعͷͼ۰ǵġ
ܲ󡱵ǣڼɵʲôأ
ףͻȻ˵һҪȥһˡ
𣿡һѽʱҪȥģ
Ҫ˵ҵĴûɽͬ
΢΢һͷʲôԸ
룬Լ뷨ǲԾֹ֣ȱ¡
ǾҪһѡ
һӪо죬δõĲ˵ѰʮˡҪɫģҪߣһ췢ףٱЩī֭д;


116 
ս顣
Ҷһ·,ؾصԼСϡ
ǫүүָϵģҲһıʿò֣˽һλʮͷʿµ˹ӡ,Ϊע⵽ͦƬġ
۰Ա߾ˮˮԴʮַḻ,ûǵˮϺ,һˮμͷ˶ҳԵĵˮϺ˸ҳԡ
ʳϰ߾˵㣬µǸܳˣ˵,עҲעؿ
ⳡ̸ô,ܱ
ȥǲ,ʵ۰Ϊ,ҵȵгǶս֮,ڰԱ¹ڳ,ڳڡܾ,ҵȵǽһ,ܾҾ,ˣҲͰˡ
ǸͶսʿ,,߶߶ô,˼޷ǾǸ񷢵ͱ⣬Լڳڵ顣
̶֮ڳȻҲүһ壬̾Ϳˡ
ڶҾΪʱ۰ǵҪΪΪ˺ͣʱ˺ͽңιֻ־
ܱɫһףŽԣֵΣ
ܾ֮Ϲ۰ʮﴦˮ鲼ˮں󣬵·խ˾ݣβô£
ţ۰߾ɽ举ǱԼͬʦֵһ궤ģ¶һĶ˽⣬˲ܱҲ̻ˡ
ܲٹñ֪оҮ̫֮ðգδУִΣ
ҵһɱң
һֻȥͼǵע⣬ٵСȻ벻˲ܱۣȫû
ҿ˼˼ӺԼСӣԥһ磬µںȲ衣
һ£үأүˮȵе࣬ȥˣ
̽ͷ̽ԵȻܲŲӣÿԺүһƵĴǰܹȥˣһȺСҲܹȥˣ
ܱʲôδү𾢡ͷȻǳ˼ȻĿ⣬Ҳһۡ
ܾлһ˿թǴܱүˣ˭Ҳû˵˭һ׼ʱкȻĽԶԶشˣ
ܱɫˣһִ˱ӣǼմˮҲںˣŻžҪܳȥʱҲæ֮Уָŷɺʹһɫ
еȷʮ֣Ƕܳˡ
ԭǵڿΡ
ؽոձʱ뵤Ӫ˱ţƣһӲˮĳµվƵ˵ľѳۣܽάȣֻܸųˡ
Сĵתλʿ޶ۡԪΪλ֪أ
Ԫ°ͣ٣¹أй֮²Ͷһľϰˡ
Ҳ°͡ûкӡ
Ȼ̵ͣҲֻܲǶ̶̽Ӵôգƺˢλʿĺøжȣˢʲô̶ء֣ʿѾʼ˳ˢЩ˺øжȵĳ̶ȣûʲôֶˢ˳µǺøжȰ
̫ˣ15ȴװɣ
ȻˣľӵȻҲųˣҶܶ־һܱ
ı鲻̫ãҲûʲôá
үһɨոո첱Ӵֵģȵ֣һͬš
ʱҲʮƵظŹλ첢ζУǾ˵оʮںĳڴӪկʱܱѾرʾҪһսûɷܹڳڣ˵Ŵڳﲻأ
֮Ҳһ㷳ա
ִһִһͼAPPֳܱᷢ߾ûһеأ˳УҪôũҪôǹҪôǲֿ⣬ҪôǾܱ˿ãʱ򿪷˻Ҫ˸̡֣̻
ʱˮïֱ鲼ȻѾ൱̶ȵȻȴһ㶼ʾϻдûأ
˶о˵мһ··Զǰɱĵط㲻֪ЩʲôҰޣǷôСĵ㡣ʹѾӪկĵҹó涣ҧǺܷزԶСࡣ
׵ȼ¯һĲҩ
ոպӪ˱ҧˣ˵ҴܣòײŽƫС֣ܳһ޲ֹôҲ岻á
Ȼأ
ͬĽ׻˸ҳˡ˵Թ֮СɾͲˡ
ȡ
Ǳǰɣ˵ҸѰסأڳ⡣
׿һۣüǾ֮ɫ
Ҳ㣬½㶢о齷˵ʲô취ȫӪһģսˣ
Ļƶ˶٣˵ξϣʿηη
С·ߣҲ
ȫ޿ˣƸۡ
ҲС۰ǲ٣Ĳսˣûܱسˡ
ǡΪս
Щ˶ǵ˰
һƲ죬Ǿֻн𲯶ˡ
ʼԼ˽Ǯ
һʼй
ʵи뷨˵ҪҴҾʹʿǰչȻɱ
ڽʰˣż·װٿ׼ߣô˵ͣ
˴ˮ࣬µҲڣô˼ƣ·ô죿
գգۣΪһ֪ʶͬʱΪǿˡûԹ·
ҲԼ˵ˣǻǴվ
Ҫȥ
ȥѰ￬˵ˣǵĻ𣿡
׵ͷ
ǺЩ˽ǰ١˵֮ڣܾ
ֻа֮ң·ȷʵߡ
Ӷ۰ǵ·ϣΪˮΪ󣬴ʱȣʿǱóţо͸һЩ
Բܲ˵ߵҲݾڣԵǫɱǫյҲǫĳǳءǲðŷġ
ҹ˾ʿڿ˯ȥоڵδϨ¯еȽȽһҩƮɢС
бʿǷ￬СʿŲܲ΢Цһ£ǡ
ܲһͬϷ־죬һȻϸϸоϵĵͼʱ⻰̧ͷ־ƶ
￬η绢Ԭ£Ȼʧ˸Ⱦָݣ
ܲһνĿⴹȥоĵͼ̲￬˱ٻıɣ֮಻ء֪ʧ˱ʱУ
⻰Ϸ־Сĵؿ˲ܲټۡ
ʹˣɲ
šܲٺӦһðС䡣
˵չʮϷ־˵ֻһˣΪǣ˴θӣɲ
ܲڽһҲؽѾЩƾɵĵͼһԡ
̽ô˵
ʶǧڣǧ۰ǶʮﴦկϷ־˵ڴ֮
ܲٷһЦ
־͸һǰŹоʱͻȻɱ
Ϸ־ҲЦһЦԶˮ
ʤңܲٵЦʧ˱ɫڳǶңӹš
ݵؼžһ̣λƺΪС˶塣
ҲˣΪӹţôǫһͱڣҹƳǳءƻ£λĽôܽһ£ٻֵһսգ


117 
۰Ƭˮɽ֯ĻѰһʺսս,¶ܲס
˵ٷǣһ,һƬ㹻Ŀռ䣬ȴӪ֮,ҪǰڿͣΧ,ɵ޳е𲽹ǡ
˫̫󣬷سǷǲع³ǵģгǳΪ,ضҪһսҰս˭ڳ¡
ǧˮԴʱ,ݱɵǧǰҲ·ͷͣס˽Ų,ڿ͡
ܺδȬ,ƹ֧ӵ˾¥죬ϣǰ,ңңһۣֵһ,乭,䣡
ֳ,䳤̱,ǰʱ,Щʿƻǰ,С,ŲֻܼδͣЪ
ڽŲڸ֮£δٽֻңңһ䣬ǰĹֱвһ㣬׷׵£
һ֧þսľӣݱ¥̲סͷһǰδڿо俴֮ˣɫƮڷУ˼ۣࡣ
ǰ
ǰ
˺󣡡
˺󣡡
Ʊ
Ʊ
ꪱ࣡
ꪱ࣡
Ľ֮УһȥݱҲ֮󣬴ٽ֮ʱ¥Ҳγ˳
Ϊ˳ߣǳͣ購¥ȵ۰ǣڽգ
֪һһìڽɱһ
ݱ޼ףݱҲˣȴ׷ֱܲ½ɥһǴΪŶݣ˲ܾһƬط£½Уһ£Ƭս֮ϣϷһƬأһƬǳǳ羣ȣɫɱһ󣬹ƾɫҲжϳ˭ƽ˭ںˡ
ƾһͬһѼ⵶ݱУ֮䣬˺һȱڣ
Ʊǹ֣ǹͱ˺һ֮ݱɢͬµĲѩһ㣬Ѹ٣ء
ɽգչԴ˱սݣƻƽһȻ鴫֮£Ҳ̲ס̾һ䣬ܼʱգϸĲΪ⣿
ݱΪƽвһǰկȴнֹԥһ˵оʱԮΪҲ
ͻȻһ𣬡ڲܽʱ󳷣ͣ׷
·Ļһ㣬һƬսֵغ󷽴ɫġܡ죡
ڵΣ֧ܲо͵ȷȫչֻһʲһıʿڻǰ
ЩˣǲܲԱŴֵһ֧ξ죬ȫǶʮʮϱ;Уܲݱɱӣȴݱ˽ؽɻıףװ֧ϡ
ʱսǰ֮ʱݱɢתҪӵо֮Уݱе͵Σɢģ㷢һ𣬵£ǰһ
ڽģӦն֮
ЩݱڷֺҲֻһ·ʱֻӲͷƤסٻعͷȥ뵤ɱ
Ҳ֣ǵĵ˲ɱˣֻԽɱԽǿЩоɢӿóĵطµĵռˣЩоף񲻿ɵ
˵ĲۣʹҲصܲٻʮֽ£ϸŴȥݵÿһϢ
оѾվͣǰƽʱ̲ס¶һŹ
ݱãе⣬ʹ³ɣҲãοƺƵĴأݱΪǰµĳʹɢҲʮİգоչʰơ
ǲӦԴݿ֮ƣǰ֮̽Ŀδü߳ˮоϣ
ƾ⼸ǧһ㣬ҲӦٻصͣгǶսʧΪߣ
о֣ʲô취أ
ܲԼĺӣ´һ
ǰ´֮ʮƽЦЦ
ЩĵǵĹͷ
һ鵨ĲĸȻҲ˵Щܵģɢģ˴˼̤ĵûֵģСûֵġǲܱ
Щ±ģɢӵģʱһе˸εѣûʲôŬƩԮҪǧͶսֻǾãⳡսĽˡ
һ۰ǣԼ춼ںˡױ̬ȻҲȿֺ󣬶ģһ·ȥ
ӣж뷨
ԥһӦҲʱȴѸٵ˳ױȡ˳ã
ʱйŷɣϵ
ǰ
µǾֵ۾
׼ܵһ˲ѳȥʲô
ֻǧѵʲôսܽܵĵססͣڲ֮𣿣
벻սı׵
սͽֵܡ
뵵һ֧˵ľĬشС
ͷ˿е죬Ǹʮ߰꣬һۣͷϴëڡ
ϲ׵ͷͼҲȾڣգֻһѻƵ
ƽأأ֮дߵúСģδסŲʿӡҲ˳ǰСżʿ֮Сתע³֮󣬱ͬ۾ͻҪϽˡ
СģҲܲµĳ
ӵĵоԭҪΧʮڣвܾ̽һ֮ˣ̱ر
һ֧ȻܲģȻΪ˱ⱻδǰԶԶؽļУܻȥţɺһ·о֮С
ۺ죬ԼϣȴŪ飬ӡƽӡ档
ܲıţδԾ׼ֻȻЩź
ȻԬ£˵ҵǸоеĺܣδҲͰˣȻԬǵȿ֮Ϊ
ʶˣºֹǧ򡣡Ϸ־һʴһпΣ
ǿǼ䰺ľеӳƱǿȻҲıгһ֧ζʲô
˲ܲ´úܿ죬ûгɡ
ɾС˵ؽ˵롯ɾΪβԣ
½㿴һۡ
ʮ·̣ͷ󺹲˵ϵҲ֦˺üҵһûȣˤһӣԵر
ҲرҪⳡսǣһ㶼
о˴ҡ˵ҵԶôо
ˮľͷԶ򱱵·ˮʧޣ˸ݲƽܾ·ľͷһȥһһֳ󣬾ôͣ·ϡ
еһСƬߵϣ·ʮңԶľ֦Ҷڵֻܻ࿴㱣ȴ
ϣŲܾĺĬؿ
Ҳſ˰죬ʲôֻŻҽţ˴Լϵࡣ
һֳ߰سһƬʽҵ
ҪҲֻеȴȴǸ꽣羪һٱ¡
ȻҲԴһȥĲܾʧ룬ɢ
ܾãȻǸʷäܲٲǸӹ
ԣûϵǲöֵɵӵġ
ɾҪ䲻һȥ𣿡

ΪΣ
Ҿģٸǧ֮ڣ˵ʲôԼȥ¶ӵأ
û
½תͷһۡ
Һģƽ˵һٵһȡ


118 
ÿҳ´ʱ,˳֮Уʤǧ֮Ρ
ԬܣҵĲܲ,Ǵʱڳŷֵܣǲܹǰ,ҪġԲģԲġ˵²,ʲô룬ⲻеϡ
ʹˣһͳ˧ԳҲȫ˳µǵ
δ˶϶ǹǽΪ,زٵĶȻ⻹
ǫѾ,Ҫһµ,һס,㹻׺ݵʿе
˻һ㣬ٲ
ʱ,Ѿܲٵо˺һӣѪɽ𣬶,飡
ʿһʱ,ǰ,Ҳػص,ǰƱں,¹ܾ͡ȴδٽһ,о֮,죬ձļ
˭Ҳסһ󣬵ֵܻصʱ׶µǰѪۣ֮һ⡣
֪֮ܵͣϸĲЦһ䡰֯ϯ֮ͽܴǧ˵ıȻбµġ
ûǰɱı£·ˣµ룬Ҳ޷ǰ
ǡ
Ȼ𣬾ƺȱһˣ
λ½СµǰʵβӰ
ȡϸĹ⻰ͣһֳͣ
ж׵ǻشúȻŶмҪȥ죬˼ˣȥˡ
Աŵԥе㲻⣬ʱ
ţͷһϣʱ
ԶԶˮеı㻺ȥ
ǿ󣬳ƱҲɽƷŵһ̣˴˿һǺ䤱һᡣ
Īթ
թң϶ﳾĲоóȻѹϣΪƣܲ˵̽ʵٴݽ١
Ϸ־Ŵ˴δٶȰ룬ҪʣսδȫݴԱҪˮӪ
ƾݾɵ޷Ԭ֧ҪҹྯЩǡ
ǡ
ܲٹһͻȻּһ䡣
ҹоӪѣҲױиض£
Ϸ־һ£ϰδԣʮֳŵӦȥ
Ԭλʦһӱú鷳Ҫ̽Ԭ˶ٱ˶кĿģǷϣÿһⶼӰ쵽ܲٵľ
Ҫǣλʦ֮о콣ҪУͻȻɱҪ˲סҪ˲ܻס
Ϸ־ź˽ԼǸʲôˣýϲЩױܰߣϵ¹Ҳᰲߡ
ӪկںҹеƻͨͨﵩصţǸֵأϸȥͺڿϵ
½㽫Ӫѡܾʮ֮һСɽϣԸЩɽ»һСʮ峺ԼˮӪλøͺ·֮⣬ûʲôȱˡ
ζеֻٱ䣬·սԱǰҷַҩۣʱյọ̃رǺˡ
վӪرԵŲܾӪկķһһ߳˼һĶֱű߹ݵش
֪ΣʵɾҪǲȥ۰ѯ
ΪʲôҪʣһ䣬㿴ǲδǰһѡˮӪѵ⻹𣿡
һڿˮ
ܲ˵˽Ҫ۰ȥƽԭʱʾ֭û˵ŽСѸ͵͵˳ڸļҾڳһʱЩġ
ûй񣬿ѽµǼǧǮȫ
ɾСĵ˵ҪҹϮӪɣ
תͷ㵵ؿ
Щ߰½޷ģһֱԼ£飬䲻˺һ䡣
ǲܲ٣㵱Σ
һ룬Դ񽣺ͨн񽣡ҧһ㣬˼װûôҵԴ
ӡ
ݱݱ֧ӣиһ£ҲˣҲҪԼļݱԼǫĵ
һѺһʾͬҵСĴǵĹϵ
кװûҲЦһ֮ǼȥˣȻ뵽˵Σ
Ҽ۰ǫͲҪƲֻܾҪܱס۰ǾУ˵ǲڳսġ

ܲԶ¾սıȣ¾￬ԬҲڲ֮صġ˵ǲܲ٣Ҳļ
ãӪϮ𣿡
ĬһҹС
죿
ҵÿ˵ҲԵȥ
кЦһ㲻ĵȴܼ尾𣿡
ĵȴ尾
վڳϣȴһһ䣬ȴȥ֮ʱڸӼ尾
̹ϵػش̵ס
ɾСشɫΣ
ع񣬡ǻҪȡ
ʹرסͷȥҹСؿԿ
ô£е㵣ôһ尾
ӳգ˫˵Ǽʮּ尾顣
ܲٸտʼɳѰ֧ӵټһƬľïʢ˶·οЩԶأ
Ҳ֧ӣֲͲڣֻԶԶضſӲóóȻӽ⼸ҪƷмƢĽ
֣Ȭܺô˵ǧݱһ̽Σֻƣұ㽫Ƕն˾ǣ
ܲٵĿõܵһ㣬õǰܺʶˣһɳŭӿͷһЩ
ұɱ
Ҫƾʲôɱ
ܺգգۡ
ҴٳƱٴ١
ܵǺõܵܣеǮʮصĳƱŽأǸʲôǳƱʩչЩóȻ֮УǱȫߵ³
ٰܲ䣬ڿڡ
ǲԬձϢ˵굱ǡȱ켸ǧˣұ۰ǣطĹ·Σ
ǣǱŪ飬֮ȫܱ
ȷܹƵģ֧Ԯٹ۰ǡ
Ҵܽ˴
ܲԼõܵͷȻ֣Ƿŵݸ
ùʱ黹ܽһ㶣ɵسܺЦһЦ
ԭţǧҪ
ܲԶݣݸͳأǼĵġ
˲ܺҲŷضЩʲô£ʼſӣԼ顭˵ܵʲô취ǸٶһһΡ
ܲٺȻվ
ŭ塢ʹı齻֯ϣǲܺ鼫ټģһ˲Ҳʧȥԡ
ܲ´ȥʣ
֣
ܲЩŤıѾѹȥˣ۾ﻹֹסŭ
ƥ򡭡Ӻӿһɱⲡɱⲣ


119 
д˺ܶ,˵¹ѱ䣬ӭȡݣڣ翤ؽӦ,ֻ۲ǣĺضһۿȥһĹܲ侲̲֮಻Ծ,˵ѾдֽϵĶⲢļ˵ıݵıҵı
ȥܸúΣѾԹܾˡ
ܾԺ,ַܲٵϭȻһ,ʿַʹ,Թŭ,һܱۣͬ˿,ӭ,ΪӭܣӭʦҪòܲԶʱ,ഴµĻҵ,һ
µǣľɵġЧ,ǵĸĸ޶,ʱС
Ȼһ֧Ӵݱ,սҪͿ֧ܲҲʮܹݱЩ½ĻƽΪ𲯶Ϊʤ
һ¶࣬ǲָݱġ
˵оʣǰʱǿһе㷳գ˵Ϊƽͳ˧
дңܲ˵Ѿδ꣬д󺵣¾仹㣬ȴԸΪһ֮ʣۼ֮񡣡
̾ϢţҲ۷׷
⼸꾰ȷʵãһ꣬һ꣬һ꣬潫գֻ١ȷһ˷յ顣
˲ܲü̾ľ˵ʱǾȻˡ
ھϣȷԻȥˡ
ҲüûҼСˡֹ
ǣķᣬҲСͣҲԵʿˡ
ǲΪѵٵˣп
۷׷ʱܲٲδֹϷ־ʮؿ˲ܺһۡ
֣룬ܺ齫ǡսսķսʱشأ˾ݽ󺵣ΪѣܺҲӦݣվߡ
Ϊʲôϵ¹طݣܺȴһأ
Իɢ֮õ˽
ȻǽΪڱ۰ǣգҪΰȫΪţҪ¡
ǰֲ𣬽Ǹһһʣܲٶλʮصıʿ
ˣеǲ˳ȥ
ʷ£ģоʹصʵʵ
ڰ䲼һϵе󣬲ܲٲųϷ־֡
λʿгɵǰȥ˧ƾϣ֪ʲôһ

Ȼȥˣ
λʮͳ˧ڿް
׿ңŭµֱԱ֮ɱ֮죬ҾΪθң
ΪܲߵıʿϷ־Ȼ˵ġ׿˭
̫㣬׿ϵ¹ĺѣ¶£ݴɢҲƽӼƶ˱ϵ¹ͱΪѣѡʲô̶ȵĺأ
ȥϵ¹һݣǫҲûʲôʤİգʱС
һȥ飬ǱͶ׿úôǵġ
ڶʱס
Ϸ־Ų³ݾ£Ҳ³˾ԭ
̶ͬı֮ǰҪҧгݵ˵һݻ
ⲣ֪ģԻס׿ݺݵ˵һʦݣҶҪ
ȡ
½ܲ仰ߺ仰̫࡭
ϾǸĽʸ֡
˵ڵĻƺֻ˲ϰġ뿴ȺҪһֻܸҭĹгãҪ۲ŴԵĲϰ壡ôǵ˼˰ĳ̶Ȱɣ
ô˵ɽϵȴܾ̲ס½췢һЩֵ顣
ܾӪʱҪܱߵľûʲôֵģһΪΧΪ˿һƬӪգЩʿֿʼģĿͺܲ
Ϊ˹ݳ峵ҲýҪʱٸ㣬ڳǧûôܽ𹥳еأ
ʿǼںţԼǰ˲ܱӪظ
Щľࡰ֡ܣԺľ֮ٽǹͷڼϣʹǹ⣬ôӪһְڿⶫΪ¹ǡϡ棬Ӫõġ
ر񾭲
ƬӪ޽ģҲ˵࣬ˮ̦ܱӪܲҪӪչʵҲ̫ףʲô﷢
ʿгԷľ¹Ƕ롣
룬˵㿴Ĳһ㿴ġ
˵
˵㵱Ȼ֪ĳЩ̦ݿ뺵ϵӲûʲô𣬵ǵȷͬһࡣ
ΪԼһƬݴԣĵزȥܾͻ֮С
֮⣬ôԶͿʼ޴ģеҲͦԾǸ۰ǲֵˡ룬Ϊʲôأ
ʿһƬʱȴͻȻϾѡ
и²⣬ȻеףҾòܲûҪô˵ҵԼȥһС
޷Ӵһµȫ࣬кº͵˵ԵǴĳһǶȹ۲һʱóҲʲôֵþ¡
ˮСĵط¹ǣƹӪկһ·ˮˮĶϡ
ͬʱһĸţԼ޾Ļѣ
찡Ŀ࣬ܲҪ·ΪʲôҪ·
֪Ҳ֪ҲҪ˿ٸʵ׵⡣
һΣͨǻģд貵Ľף쳱ˮһĴͬһλӽָʱؼׯϵĹĽһλģ룬ǲһ·ߵСѡ
ˣǱѵġ
һƬ½ᣬȴ쳣
˵Ҫȥ졣
ΪԼˣ˯ͷͷ̽ȴŨصҹ
ڣ
ǣҪһš꽫˵㲻Ǻ۰Ҫ۰һˡ
Ӫ۰ʵֻвʮ·ز緽ֶף·ʮΣգʧ˵ҪԼʱܵҪܾ
Ҫ֤ʱǰŽУ˵ҪɣҪȴҪͷ
һڿˮҲʶŵļֵС˲ҡ
ź󣬱۰ǣٻݸһӲӵĶ³ãһȥʹ͡
˿ǸӲӵıӣСĵؿ˿½ںڰ֮е
ǧʧ꽫˵Ҫҡ
ǻ˵ϿңȴɭȻ֮⡣
𣿡е棬ʧ˺üΣ
ԸһΣ˵֪Һ
ԣ
ԴߵĶⰺ󡣡
͵۰ǶľӪʱЩŵؿ˿ŵˡ
ϵģ½˿Ӷʶ˼֣ҲСһ䡣
̫ͻ̰޷Ρ
ʱ࣬˫ϲͣѪֱһΪְʿˣֺɵؿһۣȻŴеš
Ȼһ˲Ҳ仯
ԵĹŷɶע飬ʱеǰһҪõϢ
ûеȺܾãλߵſ̷ʱ󡣡
ֳ
žһ£۾һɷŭ˷ܽɣϵݣݶȥӢ۵Цӣ


120 
ӿ,оѣսѣҪȽ֧ԵоƤ³߾͸ѡ
Ϊûһλͳ˧ǸԸսֱ߰װߵ,ܱҲԸ⣬˵ܲҪʱ̿رʾҪеоսΡ
ݼиңиУ
,˵͵ǰսͿ࡭
˵ǾսͿ࣬˵ӵࡣ
ŷɺӦЦһܱ϶ʱҲסˣ͵,նŭȣսܴƲ,ѣ
µƳһλ٩٩̸,ֿ˿˧
λ˵½СɾΪ¶ȥ,µ˲²⣬е㲻½ΡֻǸδڵ꣬ȴܻΡ
µһ˲뵽Լܵδ,ݿܵδ,Ȼסһ,ԹһսĿˡ
ڵ,ؽǵǵսϡǰ,ų,Щʿ,ҲߣδսǵΪ˽𲯣Ϊϴ嵤һսʤɣ
ݱݱԣٵĴЩݱ⡣ǻ֪ѱռݣҪսƷȥݱΪƽȻòòٿ࣬ЩŰĽжǷǸĸеһ⣬޶ϵһ粯ҪΣյ;лȡ
سǵջ񣬵ǵĹ·裬һ鵲ǰһܻصǵߡ
ݱݱԡΨʤɹ顣
һֳȵ̫죬ΧڳʪˮףסƤ
Ľ֮ʱͷĺȻĽŲ̤
֮ʱܲҲѸӦԡ
Щ鲼Ӫկ¹ǳΪìǰһϣйһ֣ǰܿɱһ
ܾɽ֮ϣԸµĲܲңңɽµս֣δսƽֶļ֧δۣǼڵս󣬱ĲŲϻǸֳһ˿𾪡
ǰβͬǧݱδںԼ佫ԼȫԸֻΪǷַݱĲ˹
Щݱ˵޹أҲ޹أֻһ֮սǵڡĸ޶Щ˺ݺݵؼ̤ˣ˰ȥǵǵĹͷԾǵѪ⣬Ȼ󽫲Ƭϣȫµ˿ǵ裡
˵˵Ѫûʲôϴ衣
ܲڿһϯĵо֮ϵ𾪺ܿʧˣȡ֮ĳ뼥顣
λͳ˧һ۴ӵ佫γԼ彣
ηں֮ڣ
ϣҲĽϣǱҫ۵Ĺɢʮ桰ĺܡڡϣݾȫǵصҲ糱ˮһ㣬ӿ˵о
ݱһӵбʤ־ڣ׸ҲΪ׳˵ܲٵľȫԲʱȻȻر֧ݱΪ֮ı
ʼһܿһߵıݱ̤ǰЩƱʬ壬źЩڵȥʱǼ彫Ҳ޷תһս֡Ƭ̹ǵĳͬˮһϮֻ糱ˮһȥ޿ת
ģңЦҸհγ̱ѾӵóꪶˣһϹʱӳǿ֮⡪
ΧӦһƬЦƬЦ֮䣬һʱ˵ͻȻ
Ϯ
ܲͻȻһ£ͫҲžһ¡
ˣ
κһ֧ҪдģսʱֻսӡǵľеݡԼ޽һӪʶҪװڳϣһ·ͬУͬʱҲҪ䱸Ӧ
һ֧н˧Ҫ֣˧ͻΧȴܡ
ܲ۰Ƕֵ⼸Ѿúľʤκεޣս̫ȫ׷̫˷ʱգȴţһ۰뿪ΪǰоǰԻ󣬴ݵ
һܽʡʱ䣬ػصݡ
µȷȲѣѾȫܣʵ벻ʲôܿļı
ϮʱܲٵЦȻֹ
ӺȻǴʱͳĲܺ顣
ԤУٴμ꽣ͣȴ벻ټʱǴ˾
ڴս֮ʱܺԭȻָӱʿɵؽݴӸ˵Ӷ԰ȥվڰߣػⲽáЩʿжٻʱ϶˵һȴͻȻжѿ
ƥ˻ųصسһͬȥ˵ıʿܽҼһмˮУҪεߵģҲں¾ͳ׵ġ
ܺŭٵնĸţıҽʿ
ʿǴҴȥѰҹٹػʱڶִжѿˣǵ
ֵˮ֮ʱˮʮɣǺ߾ɵĴ󹤳̣ȥ룬ܺһ˲侹ŵôסʲô
ΧŶӵȴŵʿȴһƬңżţҪһţֲš
׺ܿˡ
ƺǴˮжͷϣϣ°ϣǾӨˮ飬ʪ͸ˣֻǱѩˮ顣
֪ûվڽʣһ֮ϣںŵüǰʿǴЦȴɱ⣬ˡ
ܺĻΪŭͿ־Ž˵ġΪ㵥ǹƥʤ𣿣
ȱ΢΢ҡҡͷҲǵǹƥ
ߵʱػˮףӪضߵһĽһƬƬڿٵؿӪأط·Ҳǧĳ֮΢΢
ܺӻһ̣벻ΪʲôһţҲ벻Ϊʲôˡ
֪ܿˡ
һĳӣҾڹӵʱ򣬺ӶеС
ޱʿҲֻ֪Ҫɹӣǿ룬ҲˣµǧҲڶɺ֮һŲڿǳģˮȲݽߣ
һеһжиǰᡪȣҪӵӶ԰ȥ
ⲢʲôĪļıǡΧʦڡİϷˣʿ˵𣿣ʿǿ˷Ŀ־壬Ҫӵ̤ҪΪŵŶγУͬҲٸ𣿣
ЩʿĿ־壬ñ۰קǰˣȽŰǰˣݣЯɱǰˣȹʬ壬ײײأϸţ
һƬźԽԽʱʱŵʿҲŻŵӪ˳Ҫţ
ܺʱҪˡ޵ǰ̣ƾǧ̤Ȼٳδ
˹ҵȻͽȹš
ܹţܺĿѣһƿֽǧݺиңأǧʿΪ
˵½ٱʿսĺӪʱеһ㾪棬ΪӭľȻֻвܺⲻ˵ӡ
Ϊǣܺ鲢η
ҪΪĴ֣һεŬ
Ԭڣпݹǣʶ֮֮յӪûһ˿һη壬˽ҽкβɣͨ񽣣ȴԸΪһӹЧɣ
ҲΪҡҡͷҲΪ˱֮ĳԹ
ǲܺıһ˲ݣΪΣ
һ£ΪشΪоܾ档
Ѿʲôˡ
ĺϽɫ׹ʱƽ͵ض˵һ仰
ҲҲԭ¡


121 
еĲ֮,ܺ൱һλ
Ұᡢ̰ơɫûʲôѧҲּǡ
Լֵʮʰ,սʮ͡
ҪǡҳϣҲη
ʱ׼ҪΪԼλ׳һھһҴĴ뿪ս
һ,ûеҴ
ܲϢʱδĬܾá
ĺʹʧ׷ҪΪܺ鱨նɱԬˡⲻ㹻ȻԬʹҲҪõ۰,ǾҪ˳,һǵ䱦֮һ,Ϊǵֵѳǣ
ܲٱ뿪ڡ
Ϯȡ,Χ۲а¡Ŀһ翴ȥҵݶһգҪһա
һŷŭһ˲䱻ˡ
ıѱɢ,ڲ¼,ɳôʱǰо뿪عͷȥΪܺ鱨𣬻غ,Ʊֽս,һȥҪķѶʱ䣿
ܲҲԬ¡,,ȫѹ,Ƹ۵Ĵ򷨣ƣеıڷƣоźϮʱ޷ȥȣ
ָģⳡսѾûʲôˡ
ݲƣһƬμ̤ҲвһʹĻҰݲͬѪľ꣬ȫԸӪĸ֮أ۲ǻֶܼã۲Ǳƣҵ񲻻ΪӰ
ܲûдϺسսƷûжͣƬ̣롰ȱ̸Уزܺʬ塣
ߵȻȻͷҲع
һսѾˣҪ̿ʼ׼һս֮ս
ϮȡݵϢǹһӲŴģɷϣ˶ܸˡ
˹˵Ϣͦˣ
ǫòܲٵùˣҲͦˣ
ݰվһݲٴˣرˡ
ȻĿ´ҪףĲݵս£Ǵ˲ܲ٣˲ܲ٣ǧݱ²һ൱ɹ۵ĲƸݣеǮ
ԥֻĺȦݾӪȥֱҪܳӰָűʿǽսƷһǼǣ͵Ĳ֣⡣
ԣһ̶ֱӻ˵ģʵЩʿ۰ʱһӯĴЩʿ˺üĹµǧݱڣ꣬ҪǱжǱͦڽϵģֱʲô׽ڵĽϲǶഫ䣬ˮ֮ϣҲƯһݱʬˣ
ƽռѵļȻò̫εģҲһͷѡ
һΣбͷȡ˵ļƷ
ּݷʽ̫ͬȻҲ๡
еһηַͣʿȸԾǰǼǣǮʱȻ˸˳Ľ̵
ʱЩʿ֮еһԱΪʲôĽս
ɡ˹ȥ
ԥǸСû˼
Ǽǣ˵
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ڶʿǰʱڲȪ޶Σʿǰʱѯľòɻʿȫ޷ˡ
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ܱ϶ʱЩÿˣǱɫ΢ԥ
ܱĵɺܼ򵥣ⳡսбֵòǿ⵹ûʲôⳡսбֵ̰涪ˡ
ƹѲӲŸԱߵ˵ߵǷǡ
أ˵Ҫͱڣȴţǵʹ꣬ôֻϧԼأҾ˵һҪģҸǵˣߺˣҲ㣡
үֱϵĳˡ
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ûǫʱǰ㾫,û߹ӣֻܳԵúܸˡ
һ칦ԼӴٰģμֻƽԭһ·˵佫ʿûаˣ˺ȵʱ,ҲⲻһǲΪ˵үԽԽ죬˳¾͸ֱˣȣֱͷܽϲмˡ
һս,սƷǴҪ,мǫŵĴǽͷϷǧ
ܱ̰,ۼֳ˵,ʹǰߵڰףֳָųүݺݵֳս,֮,̸ףҪǶң롪
ǵ,ԭʹص,ҵȲʹǰѿǲ,ҼȻս,,һˣȥɡǧ
ϯݵؾҶ۾ͳ˧
뽫ȸԽϰ˵ô֣
һ࿴ȥȻ˶үүӣսͷӣܼٽԬ֮ɱŲܾн֣֮ǧн׳ߣʵ
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԰е˷ܣ˵ǺĹӶСɽգƣδҪٱȽϺã٣һǧ
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׼ĵؿʧȥʶԥ˳㻹ḧһ¹ͷΪԼƹػһֻе󣬡Ҫ·
СĿڻԵʿϺԼҽɨɨȥŬĿջһ
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˴ͨʤ·ر𣬽ɾԶ٣ֶʲôָŰ֮бһȣңΪɡ
ƮƮ죬һζƣ߳һ׳
ϰţ°һӵʿ󣬵ʲôãõģøģƵģꪵġ
һȺʿҲǸޱ飬Χס
ԥȾŭ͵վڣԭǺ粻ɣ
λ¾ʿһ徻ȱǽǡ
Ȼأеʵ֮Ϳȥ𣿡
˼һ£ʱֹסһʿǱƽĶȻٴ
Ϊĩֻĩ٣ܵü಻֮𣬶ǷܵüĩԲ
òˣҲԥվҴڵ
̫ţʵҲˣ
һ£΢Цŵͷƺܵǰǳɱ¾Ҫ˵䡣
׼Ļᡣ
ҽһγ˺Уʲôĩ𡣡
仰˷棬ԭǺġ
ɫһĻʿʹһɫȺʱطŹԥǸ֪ҰĻƿСȥ
ĽĻʿÿһ羪һ㣬ʿ֮Ҳһ̣Ҳһۣŵڶ˴̽ȥǵˣˣˣˣ
ĻʿܷѬգӲӣʱȴĽӲһǰ
֮ⷽ䣬֮Уһһǽǿ޴ȱ޳ɣ
ھֵ۾ʶһܳϣܳϣ
ѵĩ𣿣ѵλķ𣬾ǰ𣿣
ֻһ
Ҳֻһʱѣ¶ʮʿѾԱɱ˸ɾ
ҹ΢Ҳҡҷһ˲
룬ؾȾѪ˦˦ǱĳҲྻѩ
ǰʱڹ
λ¾ʿ˫ƺ£ֻ۾ϵᡣ
վܵü˵Щ͡
˳仰ȴͣס˽硣
ڵֵȣʮֵֻ̧̿ͷҪһʷΪβ
ȴĪע
˾񲡰ɣ½㾪ֵҡ˺УϽ
˺ܾãе𣬡оо


124 
,ɱɱ
̫ŷΪϱӭ,ֻΪǸ̰ɱŲ˵еĹʿҲһɱ˴ɱ˳ؽǶȽһûʲôġ
ôɱʲôأ
᲻õģ
ǫ᲻ʵԴҲǺں
ܱԼǼ߰ĵ佫Դ˸ںˣ
½ٵعһȨףⲻɱ֮ûƽ˳ǸƺƵر׳,вǱϴԵģڸɱˣ뽫Щٴͺ鷳
пܱҲпɢһֶ뿴ġ
ǾɱڣҲƭԼɻɣ
ڻ˫ƺ£Ծһۺڴ,һȥĿеġ
ôأ͵͵ֹҶֻҪȰȥ,Щ˾͸Żȥˣ˭Ҳ֪
ȻѾȨһףΪʲôһΣˡڵʲô͵ѵ,еҲ,Яزƻű,ЩҲű࣬ųػ˳֮ٽ֧ԴҲű࣬ǲǽЩͺˣ
˼һ£Ȼ͵͵ȥһԥ
ԥȻҲ˽ģЩʿΧҲ˽üĿĽһ൱ӵ
һӦǽϱضܻųȥˣΪǶʮֳʿɱһˣѵɱ
Ȼ߻½㣬ҲƽԭĽ֮һƫԶƽԭСܴʲôɽԭһȺܣ֪Ǳ˵ģ
ԥãԼһҪˣԭԸһͬݣصĸߣҿԴݵڹ³ˣǽɢ
ߵ꽫û˿Թԥһ˲Ҳ켫ˡ
һž˵ĻȷĻ룬ȷϣȺߵġ
ĵΪֿѵ꣬˵ʿΪ֪ôΪҲϧ
˵ʿֳ½߹ʱԥսеĳǻŷһɼҵУҪʱЩƷи߽ʿһ㣬ѵǰ
Ȼ½γ˽
ƻҡҷӳһصʬ壬ѪȽȽ˳שʯĻʣӴ˵Եÿ¼ˡ
յлоƣҺһԣ˳Ű
ԥ޴վһ˿ҵİ˿δ̨һѪҲûС
һصʬ͵ϵѪӾֺܷңͺδйôһ򶷣ͺǶʮ׳ͬݽ棬һѹǰ¾а㲻ҷ˼
һɱ¾꽣⽫˦˦һѪ鶶ڰУ˾յ֮ڣһ˿ơԥ֮⣬ûвϸ֦ĩڣȻҲûв
ڿǸһ꣬ԥҲˡ
ϵ𡪡ԥоĲһ˿Ѻۡŵȷ½ġ
̬٬Ҳŭ·ոյɱ¾ӦҪɵҲȻȻôһǰȥӸ£Źڵصڡ
䣬Ȼѹңɼ
Ȼ½عͷһۡ
һ켫ˣһ㿼һ̽еͼȡӬͷСǰ͵͵
ԥһ͵һ¡
ǸǮƣҲС£Żƹ½ֻˣһ֣»صǸϡ
ܽ½ͬ˵Щʲôԥ㷲ˣԺзǸ񣬲Ϊ˸еһİ
½ȫ벻ԥôϷģֻǻͷһֹۣҪôڵ£øԥٻѡ
ĿתʱѾ⡣
㣬˵ĩ٣ȴδţ죬ʸΪô
ȻûУλͽһƬȵĹâô䣡
Ⱦ𷨣˳֮Ȼغһ䣬ڴʧɫ
ӳޣԸ𷨣
ķ裬ϵ鼦ˣҲǵһ۰צ
дɷ𣿡
Ǻε
Ըһδþ꣬Ĳɷ𡣡ӲͷƤ˵һҪ˼ЩŮԣγɷ𣡡
ǱĲˣΪĩĩѽ٣ұǣΪλҪ˼
˵߼Ѿˡ
˵˭ҲֻԼһҲֻԼܷɷɷһҪˢֵܴɵĳɾͣ˲ʩҲãǸҲãҲãȫˢֵֶΡ
Ҳ֪ôģôһBUGٳ׵Ϸˢˡ
½ת˽˽ȥ߾
棡
еͷȡ˵ɣ
ڹˣһĲ˽ؽʿǵʬߡ
ڵغһ
ԥСƶߣݸһϸ
ܵ͵˵ȷʵͦȡ
һлϸù˲ͷо˶һ
Ҹ˵˵ѿɱɱѶˡ
ԥСع۲رãԱߣͷڿѸٽĿջȥĹ۲췽
ǺܿͲˡ
ʲôе㲻⣬ʲôֵÿģ
ⲻһԥ˵ɱ˺ɽΪдﴫϾһ˶ûС
ŶŶأ
ԥţ˼ţƺҪػشȥԼ׵Ǹװ
ȷҵѿġô˵һ䡣
ʱҪϽܱ߳ڴͬʱһԼһսջڴ˺ͲƲ嵥ܿͽ۽硣
ҪСĴȥˣǧڵĲ˽ʣµľʲôɷֶˣɮˣͽеŷİգҲһ·ṩַˣЩһֱڹڣҲһפڳ⡣֮ǰʱһ֧ƹĴֶӣרŸһеķ֣ر֣
ƥǧƥۿȻжϸѡôҲƥս룬Ҳˣ
ڵЩƲԲᣬдǮ񣬹⻪ĿֱϹۡо˵Ҳй̫صļҲ̫䣬˸壬ЩƲôȥҲͦ鷳
ԥæŴ˽ЩƲᣬһ鱦ǰתתȥоԼʶƮЩӲӣС档
ɾ

ԥֹͣ㣬ĿⶤϣС½ڴһƬⱦлعڨڨؽץŵһŻ
Ҿ㿴˵ֲʹ
ԥȻغһ
ȫţɾɾˡ


125 
ڵͲﶼҪһЩʱ㡭ʵڲﻹǿ,ͺˡ
Ϊ˺ĵǧಿƥ⣬ԱԸġ
ЩϡͿ,ҲΪһԭϡͿ뿪ҲáȺˣȮԼˢƱ;ʮﰲģټϹ긻ˮïʮůЩôܻȥ˲ǿȶ
ʹˣȫ׼ȷǲ,ʹպɡ
дţ͸ǫүүоһ¹˭֡½ݴ˹̫صְ񣬵ԥڸɣֻҪլڿظмװӣװװĪ⣬ˡ
ǱϴٹһΣʮָ,ʵͦģҳšٲҲš
һ£,һε㣬˯һΪĲе̫,֮ϴϴ,ý,ĹȥˣȫԴӣŮװŮЩǮϽԳԺȺȣһѵƽļڣ˵ĸۣ
Ȼ߹С̯ŵļұȥʱһȺͽ㣬۷Ź
ǵȻûаγǹꪸᵶк㣬Ѿոˣɵ㡣
ܹ֮һһͨͨؾſڵˣ
ģ
ߺǶһ޶նܹһۣǿĸ߹·ֱǡ
Сŵô˶̯׻֭ͺ춹ɳĶأΪǸҲ֪ʲôְλɮһͷ
һ㶼⣡⣬һͷĶС̧ͷϣϲȵؿ㣡
ΧѸٸһԲʮɵĿռ䣬ȻҲȺͽ㹻Ŀռ䣬ȫ㵽һȥضָָ㣬˽񿴹һ㡣
Ĵһ㿴һ񣬶Էŵú˼м˼㿴ϥҲһŹˣ
㻹˳ſ˼СӣһСɵָ޲ֹ辪ʧ죬Ҳųˣ
㻹˵ǰݵòԾҪ֪ƾʿȫƲסˣǿŶڵӰʱסЩͽġ
½ֻάŸĪأɮǸУڴҴұϮķֶУԼȫǰ̽ͷ̽߻˿ظмҲòεзĳЦ
֮֡ȲˣסɡĳһٶڹкڿظƽˣûҲˡ
ǽֿԳˡ
һλڵʿҲ͵֮ȥϳԳԺȺȡ
ǫȻܴƽﻹǵ͵ĴĹ٣ûӹֺͿƸľ˹꿤ȻؾȴιƤĲ꿤Զˡ
Ҫ˼ԬôҴҵأ
ֻǧ֮ǰӵ©֮㣬һ֮ͱԬͿơ
ǵһ㣬úͿڵҺ弴ʹ˵Ѻദһӣƽȹɵһλ̫ӦòѡӦòѰɣ
һϸֱգһϸͷ³һоԼ·ͦġʱλʿĸϡ
ʿʿۡ޵ÿƻͨ˵Ȼ˷ģ˵ıҪôҪôԼҵ¹һûС
˵ûʲôݵĲϣװҲһƬķ񣬵ǹ͸Ǯķȣ
˼ֵʮ£ʱҲǸ׼Сӣ֮ǰʱʿ֪Ϊʲôûȥ˶һ١
һ㶼ڵķߺޣʮֵ飬ƵƵȰƣ
һ·
Ž䣬նɱܲٴӵܣδ֪ܾΣ
ܲٿɻ
㷢𣿡ʵ˺ܻ⡣
һֻʵⶼҺ׻شġ
ǰӴ˱Ƚһأ
һࣿ
ʿˡ
Լбé®Сˡ
ԣǸǵʿڵ֪ĵϸ֮󶼻Ĳмλ칫ûС
ûδϳЩ߹ʿûĸιְ
ʵ⣬һĿʶҲܻشġٿԺ̫߳ѿ
Ѿ˹۲ң̽һ˼һҲҲ֪ҺܿͻߣԲԸ
жԴ˲ÿɷ񣬡λ佫һЩͼıô
ܲóʿ˵ĽǶȥ˼⣬ȥ˼һ¡
佫ᣬȺҾֲߣȻֻʿʱڵĲҪκǿӲֶȥȻǲܵġ
һЩֶδžǽɫǻ᲻̫ˣ
ʱϯͻȻи˳ˡ
ǰùΪӣؽ֪
šͷ
ǸûģЦһ̫رӦ֪ɡ
֪ƽ͵˵ѽЩ¶ʹձлˡ
ӣֿѣҺ޲⣡۾죬Ϊȴӻ
ϯһƬžͼԲ˦ˣԾͱ˵ضҪش
ûѿ˷̫ˡ
뿴ڸ˸ѪɫһĴɱЩ˲ǴϵĵϳģҲֿѣڻڳУΪԼҪŭԣ϶ǻ˿Ʋסָİ
ʹһ֮˼ȻҪķԸ˵ҲһƫкΪأ
ǫƫ̻ˣ˾֪ҷͯᱻⷬԴƭŭŰγɱɱΣ
ͦ˵һϽȥɱϾǸ·ķͽǸ˾ⲻס
ǵգǲòƽȣǲɣҪɱɱҡ
ȻЦһɱԬ·λȱ֪ܲƫ̻ڣҵҪܲҵһǻѪȾཫ
λʿ˵žͻӽ
һ飡
찡ȥˣûɱڵȷĿǣҲڷҪһ
ؼʱ̣Ե˼һѾͱס꣬һֻץס˽У
ֶˣΪһ֮Сڣ֮壡
֮ˣ̸δ壡
ڻڣŮ¹꣬ʱɱڣЩʧɢ׹ǻҰХΪܣΪһϴһʰ֮ģؿɼ㲻֪ҲͰˣȽ
ڣһ£б𣬡Ϸ£ʲôأ


126 
ѪѩĽ,һӵľҲСɷס
çײˣ궪,칫Īˣ
ڵϣϵѪͣԼ⣬֣һԵ۱ϸ
ҪɣСʵոն칫
λʿƳһ꣬ɫվ󣬲תͷһ
С,ʲôԭҹѵãĽѾã뽫һȴçײˣĪղǡ
ҡҡͷλɾҲһΪԼѱҲ
ϯıǿٵػཻһ
Թɫ̫ʲôλеĲ鲻Ը,ǰһ񣬵Ǹ
ϵѪѸٲøɾϯе,˼֣Ůּһⴵ,һھͿʼ衣
ٿ,Ҳûʲôļ,人ʱ֣ͺһо֮ɫڣҡûֻĽҲܸܵ貽̲֮ס࿴˼ۡ
ϯıǵȻҲЦе֣ͬʱҲʱʱع۲λС½ۣλ꽫еľګͬ˼ҽ̸¶λ輧񲢲ΣҪ׽ϲ񲢲ѡ
ŮʮֹȻ£Ǳֿʼ˾ơ
Ƶ廨š
ΪʹĽһ
Ϊԥݵĺͼһ
Ϊ½Ϊһ
Ϊڵ԰һ
Ϊ󺺸˺һ
Ҫǲܸ˻úһ
ЩŷƵ칫ʵڲٺˡ
羪֮ǽȣ˻֪ͷںδأ칫Цеض˹һյƣ¸£ҵԱأ
Աˣе㲻˵ٶȲˡ
˵֮;ԼĽ漼⡣
칫ֻһͣؽյ¡
λʿһҲûֱʵЩ³Ļðǹеһ䣬ʤҷȥҸ£ЪһЪΣ
ȶΪʲôҪȥأ
ȷһʮõҹ¯뵣֯һƬĵһµļȣԼĿıݣµϯӺһԵƾ˸оʶȼѣ̲סһ
ҵȷʤվһ񣬡ҵûȥˡ
칫һ˿㵣ҹβޣѵªô
ǵǣҡҡͷ³лңʿѰҡ
칫һһȻӲųһ΢Ц
ǾͲˡ
ȷѾҹʱ룬ʱΪĵĹǣʱҲһƬžҼһѳ˯ֻһ·ݳвȼյġžֹ
Һ˵ˡ˼һеȸˡ
ûϵȷ˵ʲôкֹ۵˵ֿܽ㶼˵Ȩ
ֿܣ
ȥֻǹǵĹͣЩʿĿ˲ֺ㵱Ȼ˵
һ
˵ԼʿԼڵĲ˽Щʿ㻹㵱Ȼǿ˵ġ
룬úܶԾغߺһ·ص˿ظ
̨ʱԶԶҹ֮һɱҹ磬ɢɢľ⡣
˵©һֿܣ˵Ҳ˵ҪСЩĿܡ
Ŷ
ڴˣȣòսĻ˵ұҪСĽشЩҴĹϵ𣿡
ее㾪棬ͦõġ
Ҳǿ佱
Ҳȷûп佱㣬еӾתΪ˱䣬ûдģŽشһйص˼ʹϵ̡
仰һ㲻⣬вûзɣֻøƽⳡ̸
ϾԴġ
߽ظʱ鿴е֣ûж룬ҲûжʣֻǾֱػң׼ϴ
ƻ֮£һϻӽ˸˸ԣֻɨһۣ˳ʮ
Ǵֱʡ
ԻиŮͷưķ£һȻѩľӱ¶˳
½оԼȶˣʶҿһۣߴˣ
ϯλ˺ü۵輧̧ͷ㵵ؿ
侲侲
ôأ
ʵʵǡģоԼٶȻԣ㵽Ǳļͬǿ˹ģôٶȱһ죿
һ⣬輧Ҳػش
칫䣬ˣΪչ
˼СҲ秡
Ժҵˣ̽һ䡣
Сڴͷ
У˵סɣһһ˯ȥ
оԼһλƣеѵСӣظô࣬һ䶼˯
õڶ죬˽˻ȥСӣҲһ¡
СӲ̫ȥµŮðɡ
ʱҲǰŰݷˡ
ȻһȦϸսУ˿Ҳ̫
½ܿȵһȣԼҪ֮д
λʿһֱĸоƽ⣬һҲˣΪԼĲǸʮֶڿԱ㡣
뿪ңʱԼ͸֪еͣⶫСֵһĻֵҲܵͣ
ǫء
֪ԥǸΣʱԥԬԥݴʷֶڣû취ͨԥκεȨ͵̡³͢ǫ£ڴһŵĳ͢Ҳֲһ
ԵüΪҪǫҲͱüΪҪˡ
ʱǫүүأŷС棬Լܻ۰ȥǫԷˣǫǲܸ´ʲôˣҲûоӦ̯¡ûоӦһһ⣺
꿤϶ˣԬͿƽ˵֮ǰǫ趡ԬһˣⶫҶģʱԹ˲ϾԬƷֵֺܲΣô꿤ͱǰߡ
̫ûԭȻˣΪѣݴһְ̫֮һعɡ
صʲôʱؼңõݾȶ˵
ֽͨƪš¸ҵ갡ȥ漣ɡţ½ֲˡ
һֵɱôͻ쵽̫ˣǵ̫صǿ
ȻüӰҪӰѵĵŵĺ滹ûἰڣǣȻʱܻҲѹپʿڵͲ㴦ðɣˡ
ɾԥ´ƺʮֲ⣬£
ſھ

ȫָ侲ˣȥˣһͬ
ԥһ
ڻϺ࣬һûеȵòͷӡ
ſһ
칫ʲôˣ
һԷ˲裬£칫롣
ҿǸսʤˡ
ΪΣ
칫ûлش仰ֱʵýƿϲҴѰ̸
ΪΣ
Ԭ¶ܣ꿤ӣżչϻ۰Σ̽ȣǲһصסꣿ˵ҽΪңΪεһش˿Ϊۣ
˼һ֮أ
üʲô
ס֮⣬ʣѵûҪ𣿡
λʿ΢Ц
˽𲯣ɫߣȻڴˡ
أ
׼Ʒи߽࣬о󡣡˵ֻҪشŽܽƽ
Ŀ⾼Ҳеֹ
֮ǰ̽£۲ʱҪҲֱʣôĻֵ
칫ϣڴ˿ԾԬ
ҳƶ֪
仰¶һ˿΢Ц
Ԭ·ģҲЦˣѵλԸѡңѡԬ𣿡
ϵЦʧˣȡ֮һľȻ
Ԭ˵˹¾֮˹֮
ĺϡﾪ̾Ҳһ˿һαװ
еҲе㲻ȷԬǳԵô𣿡
Ƚ׵Ժ󣬡Ԭ˭פͿƣ칫֪
λʿϵ;Ȼʹޡ
Ԭһˣʹ֮֮ܵ
꣬ͷеۡ


127 
ʱ仺·,ϵĲʼ˴ϳʹﲻ,Ҳͷ󺹡
ԵݹȲϤֲóģ͸һ㡣
÷տѰΪ˸˷ָĸ
ᱡ˿£ϯ⣬òŮİһѹһѣϴ֮ѾӨ͸ñ,ժһԣ˶͸ˡ
ÿĻʳط߿ϱ߿ʺˮһͣ˭Ҳ̫أǸ߱׼нˮ
оܲ
һ겻ʯɱʣֻҪÿɱУ۵İʯ,Ҳ۹۱ǱǹۿڿڹĵڶͤЩۡ
ݴְλ͵õĸԼϰŵнǧʯˮ׼ˣ͵һ,ҪʲôܶԵԼܵһأҰﺹ䤱ũڲһ궼ԲһѣƾʲôԳأ
иػ̫ƽ£ԥ,оһڴ,Ҫ£
һյİù,Ѿ˴£ȻïܣֻҪȥԲɣôˣ˵Ǿ˵ģʱпɣʱױߣôҲǸ⣻
ǹ꿤ûٱҲͿƾʲô״÷Ԭסͬʱܷ̫ŭԬϾĦ´Ҷģ
˵ʱûǸ˰Լһ̫ӦǵĸճѾ൱ʬλزˡ
Ůæӭ˹Ҫ𣿡
ţϵ˿ۣȥѰС
ССصԸ
һʱͻˣ˵ѳ˰ɡ
СӾֵ۾檲ң
ʲôҵģҴææؽȥһ׷е·ٽȥ֮ǰͣһ½ŲҪǲָҲС
ԬĴӪԥݺһƬط˴Ƭͬϰݽ֪ϰ岻ǸϺˣϴԬ֮⣬Źһ顣Ԭ֮ǰһֱҪڱͿطǵԭǫѣûǲ
ȻûǲûдڸˡԬµ⾰Եˣλε̫ص佫˵ֳսͱѾǲС֮¡
˵ܲ˱ǫΪԥԬǲʦǧͿơԬ·֮ģ·˽֪ˡ
·ԵĲľùдУֱư磬ϣ׾Ϳǰ·Ĵ֮ʲôҰ޶Уֻǹ컯գּһȻͶˣֻçײĽС¹ͻȻ·ȥ
ż׷һͷҰ
ȻһƬȫǴ֣鷳һǡ⸽Ҳȫƽԭ
ǰˣؾָָǰԬĵؽ磬Щܳ꿤Űգ಻ԡ
һƽĵΣҲֲ˼һܹһ䣬Ҽˣܵ취
Ԭȡ꣬ƲΣԥ˵ű䲻㣬Ǽӹ̹Σɾмӹһݡ
ûˣе㱣ء
ȻҲԥ뷨ݴְ̫֮ڵĲʵʵڴģûҪú治֪λ˶׼˱ˡ
еԽԶׯԽ٣֪ˮǰҲһһĺԱϣ볤
дȻҲС壬˲࣬ҲڣгŵŮںϼˮҲйƨɵĺͯˣ
תͷȥô
ԥͷ
Ŷ
ԥ򵼣򵼸Ͻȥ򣬹һŻǳм˵еĵطϴ裬ǳ̲һҲͰˣĪģΣգ
ϴ裬䲻뵱˵ϴ衣
һĻҲ˳κһȺˡ
Ҳ֪ˡ
ãһ˵ҽӪկڴˣôأ
Ŵ󲿷ʱ¶ͦƽе̱ˡ
Ԭ·ĵؽ磬˵ܲ
ǿԲôʦڣһ룬㿴ҲҪеطסźãǴ񡣡
ɾ˵
ҽǨǲԶ˵һº࣬ƬֵկסȻ󿪿Щĵأ𣿡
ԥĬضһԴǣʹˣɾ֮⣬Ԭ·֪ܲأɾ˾ڷ
ǲתת۾ԬݲôҷΣʲô˿ھӼӹ̴Żأ
ԥҭ˵б
˹ٵˣ˵˵Ҳˣ
ȡ
λ֮£ܿ챻е˱˶ʮ⣬פںɽµġʦ
ɫɫ֮֯󣬡ʦ۾ԲͽƤ΢΢˶ͽ㹧˳ȥˡ
ǫ߻ӣһ̷ҵĹʦС˵֮ǰ˵ʦ˲ܲ٣񾹲֪Щ̵ҪһʦֶΡ
ʦţȻ
ʦɫС˼䡣
غկݣԺ񲻹͡
˫յòôι̵۾ͻȻؿһۡʦŵͷǺϹϾظڵϣԺнգ˽֪ʦǻƿСǽʦܻأ
λʦڻվް׷ĵǸߴζһʱѹȸС
Ҫޣޣݲȵؿڣһ㣬һѹȸУȱ֣һļˣ
ʦͷڵϣʦӸµĿϣԽȥʱľֹ顣
̺߱ڵøʦ˼߽˺ʣûãشһ֮ͨĳͬԵøΪҲΪ䡣
λ̷ҵĹʦ֪ǱʦΪҪʥ׵񽣡ȱոյսµһıȱѸٸƽˣжýҪһᣬΪȫȫţûʲôˣֵܵùһ
ë꣬½ǺһҲ𣿡
мû
춼⸽ȥ۲ʵӪկλãǰѻɵòˡ
һǲľƽˡڳͽֲڸլųԱѣܳˡȻӪկϣ鲻㣬ϹָӣΧۿҲ
ûԣֺ˳һֻҰһֻӡǵԶʳñȥ˶ĵطԣѰ·һ£Щ֦˸׿ܣôˡ
ҪǳԹ⻹ܳԸϾ͸ˡ
һ߼ҺУһضֻùҰζʱԶȻһתȥһʿԶ͹ˣ죬һףǳҳǹûô࣬Ҳûôңϳˡ
̫ʷ֣
ӵ̫ʷסֻ۾ôģȻ̴һϲ
͵ڴˣ
ұԥɹģ֡
֪̫ͦʷȿĵģЦļǸһֲɢܲ˵´һ䲻ػһ䣺ϴһһ͵ܻδװ
ʮȥҲܳⶫĺÿʱЩ˶ʲôʲôë
ԶϪ̫ʷϴϴֺ˵ˮԼ΢һ󣬻¡
ǧ֮ңڴܼ͵ܣʹҴοƽ
Ҳֵͦģе棬Ϊʲô֮أ
Ƿ˵ծ˵Ҫȥծ
ΪʲôǷծ
Ͷʲƣ߰ȾƣĹ
ʱҸѧĸڣӼùĸף̫ʷ˵ȥױţΪծ
Ȼ򣬡ҪȥѰ
ǡ
Ҳ˱𣿡
ǡ
ڱʱȫû˸ҳԮֻһ̫ʷΪ˱ذΧ֮ͻΧҹ߲ݸϵƽԭ
̫ʷǸǹĺӡرҲܲµһ·ա
ûбʲô취𣿡ʵҲ𲯣ΪβýҪȥأ
̫ʷתͷƺͻأֻǻЦ
Ҿ࣬δһǮȴҲûбİ취ܻծ
ǲͬǴңݴʷһǮɣ
ɷر±س̫꣬ʷ˵ʹӺְʲôϵ
Ȼһ룬е㶫һòã
˵⻰ʱ뵽ȻսɵЩ˵Լ׬ǮǮЩսĶЩƮƮûдڸУԴӾ̫ʦСǮΣ֮ЩӲĶеƫʳǲҸ˵ģǽǮⶫҲûϵɣ
һλ䡢Т˳ֺ̹̹ܽѣ룬ΪʲôҪΪһǮƣһһεرȸأ
̫ʷȿǰһۣһϸ£˩һƥ֮⣬ûаԼʲô֮ˣȴҪԼеĶһ롪
ʵҲֻǰð͵һֻӣһֻЩˡ
̫ʷĪ龰ǿɰλĻҲǿɰӵһҲ֮Ժֻǵ굱ܹһһͷһŹϵ¡
̫ۡʷȺˬӦһһֻòӿʼУǱл͵ˣ
ó𣿡еʵ
ûԷæŸ·λֿеýζñһ϶Ļش
½Ҳ¶һϲ΢ЦǾУһֻһ£ζ
·һ˳͹ƽĵ֨֨ѽѽԵúǿ೵һ֨֨ѽѽ֧ӶԵЩظ
ҵĳˣԣһҡ

·һ߳ԥϵӰ̫ʷȣҲһ
ɾ
װǮĳҲ˳˰ɣʡ
ԥָһָ棬Щɼݱ͵ıǡ
ãعͷ̫ʷ֣ʮǮʮ
ԥʯˡ
̫ʷҲʯˡ
͵ܣӴ߷£̽źһЩģ
ţͷҵģһˡ
˳߸ߵģǺ˼˹ǱѵԷһȻóʮ˿
Щ㹻һծˣ۾еֱ㶵ض͵ʹҪͣҲա
㶼Ӧˡе㲻˵ص
̫ʷŽüĿֳѵõ֮ɫ֧֧һ˵ˣҲǲǣ
סҿԡ
æϵҴȥضȫ͵ܴЩȻҵģҶ͵ȡãҹ١Դ֮¡
գգۣ
̫ʷ֣صصͷȥ˹Ѱ͵ܣ͵꣬Ϻ಻ԡ
λ˼һ񣬽СĴûǴϿһĿӣȥվԭأеãضſ
Ȼ̫ʷȺλеãﻹǺܸ˵ġ
ȡ
ԥʯ״̬ˣָ˶
⣬εؿԼ֪е㲻ס
ûʲôףԥն˵ɾ˾٣Ҿ
½εվ·ϣԼƹ´ʡ
ʱԥݣɾֶΣǲԶˣԥ˵̽һתɾһƬγδùʲôֶΣ֪þ˼ֶ֮ˣֹʮλ̫ʷǸĺܣշתδ˽Ӵ˺󡭡
ԥø˵һӶɾˡ


128 
Դڹ,һתۼ±ȥˡ
ǫĲʱʱݴ㽻,ȻҲ˵Ĳ
ϾŷǫԼˣҪסЩʿ̸ףȲأֲȻӦʿ嵱ѡǸÿЬļһôأ
ͬ뷨Ҳڵ佫ǿǫλãҲǿǵЧ,ǫѵ˻Ҫһôĵ
ȻǾ乬̨ʡݲݵҪҵȣܲ£Ҫı¡ǸʵˣҲ֪ʿʲôģϢ,ʿԥݿ£ˣͷǳ«µǸӣҲСϢݱҲʮ׺,֪١
٣δǰ£ǲ½ġҲͦ,ϾСݺݵĽ,Ǹ׼ǰλ,ͱסĻһ걼ôһþݵ㰡
ȻҲôȾˣ˵ʱ¼䱾Ҳûһǰȵġ
䣬Ե̬ƻһͨԭĴֺͻҰˣȡ֮һƬƬӪկڵĲļ±ӪפںϣһƬӪԼվסĵط
ѳĻҰũѾչһʳææµµؿʼﶬֲôһƬ˿ڶûǵ˿ܶȵʱڣǴֺˮ󣬳ºͣôܻ
ͽǨ˳סƽʱڹסżϸҲͲõˣʿǿҲʵ֪ıǺʵ˵ģôϲأ
֮ͿǱߵܼӪկͣ˺ܶ࣬Ҳûܹӵ鷢λפںɽµġʦҲûԹҾ͵˴˲ƵģĬֺƽضȹļ¡
ھѮĳһ죬һжıˡ
䲻꣬긻ͿƵֻ̼ǺϲЩģ޽ӪկǨˣȻ͸Щһǵļơ
ЩʦµˣҲ̶ǹЩٺоƺ޵£ѰµĿͽȻбڣǲͬĿͽʿͬжֵģȻ׾ͽЩʹһ٣˻ȥ
ȻܿûЩ˴Ѿɱ˿ıˣȻȺ׵ͽôΪ
ӪȻû˸Ұ˷ʱһͷţȥѰЩӪĲݳԣɲɵؾ˼׵ͽȴͷţ֮⣬иũļͷҲˡ
ԭֵͶ̫ܹҲֻй£ӪѲ飬Ͼ֧ԭУȷҪСġ
֪Ϊʲôֶ׿ĸо
Ӫ߿İգһ䡣
Ǳ˽ӣһͷţͷӪеС˻صҲûʲô
˵ûʲôҲļҵףü˵һ䣬ֲΪͷԬһܣȷ˵ҲֻССֻ֣üũæʱӪǼ˼°ɡ֮⣬ذټЩ̽ζɺӹˣҲҪ̲һٷŰա
С˹ӪЩ£һʱи˵ĿЩ
ȷͦùģҲŵʱǸ˵ĿЩ߿ζʱûעôƮӪУ˱һ㶡
⼸ͷ⣬ʣѵ˱ʲô𣿡
Χ࿴˳ȥƬܻˡ
̽ˣЩ⣬˻һŮӡеε˵С˵նǻŻģûϱ
ûף˵ʵˣûȺ˵˼·
ʲôСնŻ
Сĵؿǰλ꽫һۣƺŸ¡ϾλҲͰˣŮɫټδڵ䣬һʱеԲ׼⵽ڷʣĲ⡣
ȥкɽͱڴˣೣɧţ˵̫˺࣬ٷŮӶȥգʮգܻŻġ
Ƕ˵Ǹ˵ȸգŮͻˣ
ͷû彫ʲô̬ȣһǺСĵص˵ͷ
ӪĸѾʮ꣬ͷɢſڵϣ˺ѷεؿ޺ΧȰ˷ҲȰοԶ׼ûܴܴʱʹࡣ
ڣֻĽϲһ˫ɲЬʲôʵ˪´ݲйҲ½ҿ͸ȥǸ˵ŮôҲƽƽ
Ǹһ㡣
Ҳһ㡣
Ǹ˵ķ˹ȥ
ӪоУʱҲ˹ŮزǸһݽ𲯣
Ųܿ죬Ƭ̱㵽˸ǰȴǶžУ˵ģøǮ
Уĵ³һ
ȥŮǡ
½ߣΧձסˣ࿪ʼͷӶȻľУ򼱼ǰһǰ׵ͽ棬ǲһʹӣܹð
ֻŮȷǲһСΪʹ㹻ˡ
Ů뽫ǸŮҲأ
ͷڣҲˡ
½䲻ͨʣЩλߵ˼ĿȾҲ˽һ㣬λʦ㲻Ҳһž͸ԸԼµıͽƵ˵У⴦á
ҪдʲôţߣʲôĿȥӶ԰ܴĿꣿĴǿᣬʹֻʲôˣ
вǺ𣿡ƮƮʵ
֪˵ҺܿҪһС
һʦˡ
Դһ֮ԱǣԼȥʦ
شúгĬһȷ㹻ȷ˿ʼһս׼뿴ǲһũŮ߹ûκܹпļںܶ΢ġע⣬ʿѵΪԸΪôһСѾͷǵ᲻еЦ
Զ˵˿ս׼˵Ҳںʿô롭ϣңҲϣԬЩ⡭
̫ȥӪľΧӰӶڱģ
ֻǸ
ߵףؽͷڵϣĳѪҲںΧİڽͷӶ˽ƺһĻλľУŬ˵Ҫ⡣
½໰˻ȥ
ԬĸˣԼԬܶֻūôĵ
Ȼܶе뷨ЩҲҪͽ͵˵ͽ͡
˵ʱԼ˶Ϊαơ
øһ㣬ὫһֵĿսڡ
ǲҵĵЩȻ̾һĿͶԼƥǻҵĽ
ӸµУΪȡһУ˽ȥѰҪҹֵشӪ˰ж򣬱ս׼
ǣ


129 
бʱ,ɽ͵סһĨɫڵøһЩټӪկɫɫཻĺͲ,Ļ谵
Ӫеıʿ,׵ͽһ,׵ģ䳤ۣƮƮ,׵ʿ,˾еɭɭ
Ӫ,ʦҲˡ
򵥵ɨһȦ,вڼ,һƲɽ¯һյͭ,̺֯оͺܹ졣ȻɱҲһ˵ҲȥʿԹ,Ż֪˼ôװޣôŰڼġ
λʦƷλϲûʿ˳¶,,ެϿǽǼֵǮİڼŵúܵ壬ȲĿ,ÿ˸ܵĴ,ӶܵլۡĸƷλ
ȽĻ,ֻ˵λʦܵ,ôЩ,Ԭʹڼ˽óʮı
½۲ĸɫϸڣһԵĹʦʺġʦҲĬع۲
λʦǾСƶûмĶ˸ȱϸϸһ󣬲ųЦ
֪ʦǺεĵλ˰ɣ
ǡС͵͵ӦһʦܽũŮͽһҡ
ʺʦδǹʦǰһ̵Цһ
λ̫ðʦ֮Ϊ˳Цѵ㻹֪ô
˵ҲûλʦҲûðָô˵˵ȱѵҪһ
˼һ֮ͬ죬һƽһ㡣
ǲҪˣʦˣ˵ũŮҪҴߡ
ƣʦ˵ũŮҲãЩҲգũԸʦģ㶮ʲô
Ŀˡ
ʺġʦǲδֻһӰӰ´µӰƺڹ۲
˵ʲô˵ǿʶɡ
û취ֲó棬ееֻԼԿͷ˰ɡ
Ҳ㲻Ͽͷ
ϣͬƽ͵ãһʼΪ˶Ŭġ
Ͳ֪ΪʲôЧǲá
ʦ˵ȴţҡҡͷ̫ԳµһĽͣҲУѧ˼ֽʦʦǽһ¡
ƻҡҷУźȻŤһ˲󵨣
Ӯˣ˿£㽫ũŮǸһңΣ
ʦıǰȥȣʽͽȥʱʺȻ˶
ס֡˵ǸũŮǡ
û˵ûⲻˡ
ӰҲʮָߴҲӦӡ
ô˵ⲻص㡣
ˣ˵ҲҪһߡ
㵹λ̫أ񣬡ʺġʦ˵㲻֪Ǻô
Ҳ֪Ļʮƽ˵Щʦ˵ġ
ƬӰȻʸһӰԵøӵĸߴҲӵ·һƬٿǸʦ飬ȷ˸ܵġ
δڣúܣضڰƲз˹죬㲻뿴ҵĽġ
Ƭƣ΢΢ǣԼԵǫһ㣬ҵȷ룬ֻǸũŮˡ
ƺȻɢȥˡ
ȥӪС
ʦһŲԶһʡ
һͬĹʦȻǺܲ˵ģʹˣҲδʦǷԸȥӪѰҡ
ʱһһŮ
Ůʮƽഺ껪⣬ԶȲҾˣʱ²壬˺ۣҹɪɪ͸˿ʲôˡ˹ʦֻɱ´ۣ㽫Ŀתꡣ
δɣȥԼǣ˹ȡһۣŮϣֻһΪŮӱͻȻίڵأЪ˹ؿ
޵ùʦзŭ̲סǰ̤һ
ҲͻȻǰһŮӵ󣬡ɼʣұ˻ȥˡ
Ӵһæ˹ʦʦСﰡŮԸˣ
ίеŮתͷŭص˵ΪҪˣ
ȻΪҸǮˣͷһڿˮûǮӣҲöˮһգѵɫһҪɣ
ӪһʱΧһȺʿָָ㣬ֻйʦһС
׷桰ʦ罫ЩŮ֮֮Ժ˵Ŀˮ̣ҲΪһ˫۾ڶǸ꿴ۼժһԼҪʱؿڡ
ʦŮӣǸ⿪ô׵ˣ
ҪȥةѶ˵ѵ׵㲻Ǵˣ
Ȼǣ
⻰ʦ˵ڣֻ˵ŮӣҲǵеֵܡ
ʦ˵ЦˣЦǽӵǼ˼ҶǨ˵ģǺºܵӶ԰̣ǽֵǮϲ˵ŮҲҪϣӪеıѵҲŮ׵ǡ
굽ǲԴǣΪ֮һһ䶼żŭķȥû˵꣬ʦѾŭ
סڣʦũŮôģ׵δ棿
޳֮£ûɽôڻҪϳڣ
ʦĺؿҲɻˡ
ƿСҧ˵ǲ⸾ȥʶʶʦġȱ
Χһ˲侲ˡ
ἰȱƺӪлѵĹâҲһ˲
ǸŮŵ׽סĿţأҡҡк岻Զ
Ҳһ£һĨﲢδʦԹȥ
̱ŷַŭõһС
º˲η塰ȱ֮ƿСкͣ
ҴǰɣһָָָǸӡ
ʦĺƽЩʧģʧصĸоˡ˿ӪأȻƿصģҪݶʴȵ¶һƮƮ΢Цͷֽͷһ㡣
°µһ˲˱ųһ㣬һ
Ǹ켫ˣһȴһƬҶҲֻһѪ
һƬ
ʦ°Ͳܿصصڶεʱǿͷ­ҲعڵϣѾ˦һ˦
һѪҲ˳֮УֻаѪеȻӿһǻѪʬ֮ˣոշʲô
ûĽҲûмĽ
û䣬ɭȻĽ
½ջС
䲻׼ʦĽŮӷԼҲϣӸ£ֶȻسЦһЦ
ڼҵĽˡ
һӪҹɫ֮С
˸裬Ҳ˸ҷ
ֻ³еһͷʬ壬ʱʱĳ鴤ӿѪ
ʦĿǾͷʬϣĬá
ֱʦʣҲδĿָսͣĸһ֡
㲻ʹǸݡ
ʦͿţȻһС
һСҲĽ𣿡
ʦϻ̳Ͽֵظڵϣʦδ
Ȳ׼ˡҲ׼ȫעһϡ
Ÿ˵˵ҽǾ

ڴ֮ǰҪˮλʦڽĿǾʬ˻ұҪ¹꣬ˮ


130 
е,ҹ·ҲеС
Ȼҹӵ۾İںɽȥͺܲĨǰˡ
½û취,ֻܴ,ǣһǰߡ
Ǹ,ɫǿʱҪһ㣬,Ҳˡ
,䲻վס˽š
ϵŮΡΡһ,
ҿ,ſ,
˼ɽУżë׵,۾͵ĶҲʲôϡ£ͷһ·ãʱھѾȫۼԷĴ󵨵,ֻӵȥ죬һ,ͻȻ
Ҳûʲô塣
˻һ,㽫ϵŮ˼·ûʲô,ֻȥȭͷ,ʱսͣˡ
,ͷѪܵǷ,Ȼⶫƺ̫óԡ
Ů,ܸӣǱ׾ѵл䡣
䣬
ûôǣűŹż
СӴû֡һϯһϯ·ҭ˵
һͳΡ
룬ʲôӪģ
Ҽԭ⣬ԼмĶظ֡Сĵ˵ŲܲǣǾ͸йˣһ·ˡ
һ·డһ䡣
˵ط¾ܻס
һƬҹɫ֮У֣·ϣѪεδһأľһ˫һ˫͵۾ӲûֱԶˮ
ǹڳ֮ϣ϶ȥͣЪ볤֮ձ󺣡
ҪˡҲһԺ󲻻ˡ
СӲ˵
еתͷһۣͻȻԼʲô״
ӲûʲôС˵۾¶ʲôĽ֮顣
ȻҲ𱨣ⶼʿѲ鲻Ǩ˹ơ
Ů۾װĳ羴˼ţţû׵ؽеĸ¶
½תͷȥʱŮڱﲻסˡ
˵ΨнǽķӣΪŮҲٴ˽ݣ׼˽֪һоȻģ
ⲻġεؿϵǹｲ棬ĵʾҪһжԼҪҲ֪λҪҲӶõӵıӣ
վڴϣŴСҡȥʱ½ޱŸмĹ򴬷Լߴߴֻһͷ
ˣɡ
Ҫ𣿡
⻹𣿡
˼ܾԹٻ𡣡
ʱû⣬ܿˡ
ӪկʿԶԶд˹ôͣ̾͹ǣжͷǣֽŮǣ˹ȥӪĸĸһʱͷʹޡ
֮гһӣܸӵԥ
ɾվ
ԼȥܱȱȥҪá룬һ
ҳʱ칫ѶͿŹԥ˵ɾ׵һսʿԸţƣơ
°ͣһͬԥӪߣһߺ
뽫ƽ˵ʦˣԽԬע鷳Բغפݴ͡
ɾҪ಼̽ԥʣΰţ
ļܵе㲻̫һһͿͼȻԥôʣ½һεĵΡ
λ볤Ԭλʦĵؽ羭
ԥȻʮ·ұԸȥЩ򡣡
Ҳúܶ࣬һԴ˴ʮ·һ̲ɳٻӰ̲࣬ǳС׵ಽ䣬ǣһ¹ꡣ
ԥĬĺһ䡣
ɾ׵ʱж
ҪλʦԼԾӵƿǿĵһȣȵǽ䱸и½˵ĻھͻɽҶˡ
ӡⶫȤʿǶԽӡͨģôںƷӪѹ֮ҲǿֻҪԼѵʵʵģˣէۿƿƺҪ
ʵˡ
κгʶĽ춼ὫԼԾӵƿس̶ΪЩûʧ
λʦǲֻûʧˣҪһˡ
Ӫ֮ĵգϢ׵Ⱥֱܷ·һ·ǧȷʵ̲ȥһ·ͱȽϳգ׵ͽǧֱ࣬ӱ߶
ʱζ꣬ˮ֮ʱЩҪôӣȫⰡ̷ֻԸȥµܣԼٹ֣ӪĺӰſ׼ӭȺ׵ͽ
ɾҪǧ価
ʵ벻ǹӵİ취˵ֻܵ𹥡
ű¶е鷳
Խ࣬Խ鷳һġ
ʮģ峿ȵ磬ŵȵѹѹһȺ˴Ӻ
Ⱥ˿ܲٲ̵ġһۣõҲǺѹѹᦡ
Ȼ˺ܲõļӸУϤǸܶ˶ĳС˵ĳɳһ㣬Ⱥ׵ͽںӱſ֮󣬿ʼ
ɽˮʯ֮
rrԶ֮
˹
̢ȱܷ
ļûۼĹȻû̿ʼ˽
̵𣿡
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ʲôͨ
ǽ
꣡
ͬʦԣ᲻ᰤ
һ紵̧ͷ죬ȻƮһơ
ȻҲˣȺ˺ø˷ˣһȺͽм䣬ҡҡλεسһһʮϵˣʮͷʮָߴ󣬰˳࣬üɷʹﶼ˸ܵѹȸС
ſ۷ƺƳɣʹɫĽ˿Ȼ˸Ļʡ
һ㣬ǸԻһʮֿĽ
ȱ˱ضء
Ȼʶˣ룬ӦҲһʿ
ԵľУСʣҪҪʲô취ʿЩʿĪΪ󣿡
ȻӦãҪһ룬ʲô취ʿ

һʿ˹йˣ
˵˭ͫ׵
ڹ̫ˣУ˵ʿ
̫ʷһعġ
ܿⲢδ̫ʷȸеʧ䣬һɡ½źȥ˿ûа
֮󣬱ڽߵ½׵֮ƺΪһũŮЩִ
ĵĳԼһ᲻ᱻ֮⣬ũŮɫˣŻ̫֮ʷȴã͵ܵԣδǼɫ⣬ֻ£ʩԮְˡ
Ҫȥ͵ӪУһ֮ɱЩˣ
̫ʷǱ뷨ͣϵӱߵġ
ȻһһҲ޷ǡ
Ӷ԰һȺۺᦵ׵ͽڵϲͣߵףףӶȺˡ
ӰһһȺۺᦵĸͽҲڵϲͣߵףߺҪͨȺа
ܲڿ졣
Ӱվˡ
һ۵ʦµһͣȱȻ˫Ŀ磬ǧͽĸǰͬһ᲻ɴݵʯ
Ӷһװ½㣬̫أ𡱣鵭Į˫۸ͽĸУһȺ̴УҲվһ
̫ʷܾã͵ܲԸɵġ
ƺֻվ޴룬֪ô˶ѡ


131 
ú,Ԭٴլۡ޽üݻ
̿ǽůģ˺ë̺¯ȽȽƮ,ϻһֻдܼĽ
һжȡõԬ,յʦź,Ѯ˽ȥƬ̣¶˾ġ
,˵,ҪѰ
һıʿҲּܱĬ,ææ,ҪֹԼ
ɣ˶ֻǻƽ,ʶڼй֮ʣԻ
ûнһȥ,ΪʲôʦͳһţΪʲôּææҪ꣬Щδ˵ڵĻ㶼Ԭˡ
ô߾ӣһ˫۾ض󣬡Ϊ֮,ңǶҳɴ˴£
Ҵææع,ڳƲʱ,һŮ֪ǳĵ˽
Ҳ֪ʱ,ݵġΪһū,ûбѡ
Ԭʳסһ,ԭĵӳ,Խ,ݲū澵һв˳֮ʱϳȥ
˵ʱûʵĲҶôҲԺһˮ䣬ȣŨܵ಻ЩζͨۡԬϲӢۣһøոպãʺ
Ԭȫ벻ŮЩսսС˼˿ȫԼԴҵͼ֮УŮ߽ʮֽһ֣ŮһһˮҲڵ̺ϡ
Ҫ׵Ĳ𣿡Ԭµǣ֮⣬ٲǧҪʦҴ
Ԭһ룬ֲĵؼһ䣬ѾزˣҲҪǸ
ǸںķʿԲİ˵ʮ֪
ߣͿҲ
һλͿߡܹ֮Ϳߡʲô˼أ
ģﾭ˵޻̸֮çۺ󣬹һΪӦԼϣͼƵۣ󲻹³
˿ʶλѾ빫һ˼
Ժ۹̷󣬴ʱ˼δʧ£˼أ
˼棬ѵ
һǵڵ̺ϵˮˮҪԬȴ˿δ
˵ҲһԤף˲ͷ
ܲ
׵һʿµøˣøˣͷĵҲˡ
½һ㻳ɣҪǾôվȥǲǶȸԼ
ȻʦףѾǿǰʤˣ׼֣֮׼Լһɵǰٻ
λĸߴһͳĴһֻ֣һЩ׵ͽʱֹͣ˳֮
ԭǸǲ˵Ĺ̫أЦһܲٹʱٽҵͷ˲ܾ㲻𣿡
ô˵ҼٽͷأͼɤӺһûλʦǸõӣر˺ѷΣƾʲô˵ȱ
һƬ֮У¶һ־΢Ц
Ϊβһشҵ⣿߳жҪ˵ͷ˵У治֪߳ܣ
ޣ
㲻ǽ񣬸ʲô𣬡λɱشȵֻǸɱƭӣ
ĸͽǶʼ˽
û
ȱǰһֻһ֣ĹʦæǱʮֺصĽȥ
λĸߴһ޽̩ɽһ㣬ۻݡ
˲Щ׵ͽ˼ⳡսʤλʦģͽж˲ƵĶҡ
㲻֮֮ͨĽǷ˵ĽôͬҵĽᲢۣǱ»һӣҵĽ˵Ľ
½㻹ǲ
ʱȫעصֿڵ
бˡ
ԽԽЩģģҵģһ½Ĵϳ˼ǳ򵥣ҸǱͭǸ˿һʲôŽ񽣣Ȼͣ𣡹֣ңͣ
½㲻һˣ˽ͷȥˣҲǲ̫
෴ģǷҪȫƽúúȱǽ
пҪˡ
ȺͽҲҪʧˡ
ôȥȺͽҲһֻ
졭ѵرųôһ䡣
󺺵¶һ˿΢Ц
˵ȱ𣬡һɱ𣿣
ʮɿˮӿһȥ֪ļ
㶨һֻ֮裬Ѿ׼ףֲ˳ƣ˾ٳǣ
ΣҲҪɨأ룡
Ҫźã
λԭĺˣΨһһ·Իƽʱӹһ·ӵ
֮ʱƣɢб㽥һ˵˵λֳ־֮ڳǽղ߲ݣǳأλڳʱһѪ·ʹյ˴ţλԭ޵֮ˣֳֹ־֮ԼܼԦ׵磡
Ĵ˵ϡ棬͸ģһЩ̫ƽҲξ£ģȷһλ͡
ǴʦŽҲˡȱվֻǸ˵ţҲ̹ȻؽͷʱƣԽԽȷԼȱ
ǸعǵĽͣΣ
˭Ϊ֤ĽȱǸ񣿣ѵ׵Ҳ˵ɣ
ֻҪս룬ֱʱӪկԬԮһʱƵУ
ԭӦȴԮ˺ٽģпʵ̫ࡣ
ʿҲԬԸս
ףµݱơ
ʦͱ˵Ц԰ǸʱЩκͷյı鶼ʧˣĿԡ
֪˵ȱʲôĽ𣿡
ʦһ㶡
ʹӣҲܸܵϱŷɱ
ôأӿʮɣѵԾɱɣҪˮ
ԽԽ׹֮У꽣ͲûеĻش𣬶ԹԵشӱǱ˳
ˡ
ƺǴӺӶ԰ƺӺĲһƷ磬һƬˣһ磡
ƺжƺԽ϶𣡴ŵӰͬһɫ磬գһգ۾ʱ䶼ǰ
һף֮Ǳ޽ȥԭʲôжܴ壬ʱǱ׹񽣾Ȼݿһ㣬񽣣˿ͣЪشųȶҫ۵Ĺâţ
ԭǲǡȱԭǲĽ
ƺ룬Ǹҡҡͷ
Ҳʲô񣬡˵ֻǸ͡
ʵ֤㻹ԾӵʹָʹԼǸ˵У̻ǻúá
ųվںӰߣעǰһĻ
оʹûôȥһʱоԼĸ첲ܿˣͺк޲Լֻ֣ԼǱͺľ޽
ⲻҪҪ׵ͽǵʦն̲ҽţţɢӿˣûüڴźȺͽͳˣ
ôģˮľͷˮ
ɱħ
ɱħ


վڰߣһȺͽشܹȥ໽׷ȥĻ棬оĺۣһ㶼ٿˡ
еŻǹȵģҹӹȣ
ۼǵ⣡ǲϱŷģǾԲʲôϷǴͨΪ׼
һи˱ƥϣϳҪһЩسɽµĵӪ֮УҪڹ꿤ʿ֮ǰɱЩ׵ħаһƾΰƾŮ١
ڵﶼðѪĭ˷ʧȥ˶֪˼ڹԶ׳ķ֮УûΧ˵ľ
һнʮ棬ڲ
нͺᣬʮ꣬ʮֿ㣬ŮɰĕiһҲŮɣֳҲŮɡ
Ѿס
һԼĪɵúܸߣѰ˼ľɫһ˲ΪԼѾȥͷ­ܿ
زǸ̫أĽǿͷ­һۣеʧ֮УһĨ΢Цһᣬʶɷ񣡡


132 
ˮ,žˣ
ˮڣžԶˣ
ˮڣھͲˡ
ʮּѵֹסһЩͽȥոͷΪҪոҲ,ڷӵķ,,ôڵֵܽһѣȻȥɱͽ
ҺһƬܳ侲,һ硣
,ʦһ,Ѫûô,,񱼹ĸͽԷĵǸ˶Դ˴,˵裬Űͷӹһͽǣ¡
ΣεĻ̲ǧʿо,û佫ֻмСУӷ,ȲҪӪկ,̸Ϲȥ
סЩͽ´һ
غӱ,ϴ,һ,ʦ秵ףһҲѧ,ֱֻܼ׵طԸ,ͺȱ׵ˣС
ޣ
˵ǰȱû˵㡣
ʦû̼Ǵ̼ˣ룬Сĵ㡣
֮ս׼һ·СܣԺȥ̲һս
Ӷи˺Ȼʼ˴СС
һףЯͭ彣׵һ˼
ڹбʶȣ̾ͱϳ̫ʷȣϣ֣ͼע⡣
Ҳڰ֣Ӧ
̫ʷȵ¶˻ϲı顣
֪ǲĴܾǸе졣
ϲȫϲ
ƺһС
Ǹʲôأһ䡣
͸һ
һ㣬̼Իûлָ״̬ĺбʾͬ
ټ֡
ȡ
˦˦ͷͼһ߰㲻Ķ˦ȥȻָָ̫ʷʾһ£һҲεĻ̲ȥ
£ؼһƬͿƽ紦һ·޵ʮּª˵̱Ǹ׼ġ߶Ҳˡ·ˮһ򣬺ܿŢУòӣУʡʧǰ㡣
һ·꽫ͣʱ̲ڽˡ
һƬϣƲһ⡣
̲֮ңʱѾⳡսʤ
ΪѾԬһˡ
һһȫ䵥ģЩͷɿܿˣ
žµʿ׷ҲеĻսģʽеһģϿģǣģǾͻȻڴ̣ȫսĽģʽˣ
ææסǼʿǵľУأ
ʿһӴĻ˻
Ӯˣ
Ӯģ
ǸˮˤһӣŵĶŢʿֿ죬ʮֻ֣ڻ̲ʱչǻǱˣ
еûסǲˣ
Ǿʹˣ
Ҳ֪˶ã˵ȱ
ȥ˻ԴѺеε֪ˣȻأ
ȻǱɢǱ׷ʿԼĵĶƤҶһ찡Ȣϱ
һֱϢΪ֮һ͡
֪˲ǹ󳷣찣һ䣬׷֪ˣ̻ȥ̲
˵꣬ǰԶԶغȻһ㱼Ϯ
̲һƬïܵǳ̲ʺϹӣҲʺչͽսʺ棬ʮ꿤ûʲôԮô죬ȻԬ£
ǧʿɢȫǲ䣬Ī˵ʮܳǣʱս췭ظ
˲ŢУһ㱼Ϯķжȥ
һһսƬ̱˾κˣЩǺִ꣬Դ֮ʱֵܵѵصｫοɢֲڻֵ̲ظ䣬æսƷ
У޷סЩʿʱձΪʱ
ͬɽľһ㣬һѸٽЩ۶ˣڻʿɢˣ
ѵصʿɢЩϰʿһӦǷˡ
ǱУӵϣլɪɪ
½̲ʱľһ龰
ʮѾسɱ˼غϣ׼Ϯ
ȷǲսģʱҲ׼ǽ档
½סҪγʱ򱱵ͻȻƬս
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ݵظı⡣
ڵȷӦøϽ£Ҫ˵ʮƬɱ꼸ǧʿЦǳȥʿɵױȵģЩʿڻŲ·»ụ̤ɱķһ·
ġ
ǾиˣתͷѾһȺʿǵ
̫ʷȰγãһЩｫķ˹ȥ
ɢ׹̲ǽ塣
ǽʿȻЩԣô˼ˣҲǿˡǵȺʿʺǲܴҹսģϽȳӪկҪԼæŻӪ

ҵȥ̫ʷ壬˵Ȼȥ
У첻ʹӸ̲ˣȻ֪ӪկĺӰϷʲô׵ս⻰ʧɫܶУѰλ׳ʿǲǰȥǣ
ǲȥȺｫδܻŻ˵Լȥͺá
ΪҪв⣬ҵ֪ͬ꿤̽һӣ
Ĭһ
ҪԼȥ˵Ҳӵÿѽ
⻰˵ûǾУĬһûټȰȥ
˳ֵĺۼϣǣȻɫʱңңǰһƬ⣬㱼Ǹȥ
ʲôˣ
һʮĺ˹δͣ
Ѱ̫ʷ壡
Ǳƺֹһ˵һ䡣
һδ꣬кΪ
һ㲽ӣС
ΧʮｫߵͲȣǰս֮ľ뺷Ҳǵǹꪾȫʮ̨˼
ɷݵֳֻ棬ڿһԲžررɱرѹȸС
ҲԵֵмܵر
һ̫ʷȣȻǼϤģһǵһμ
ͺᣬԥҪСһƵģüʮ
˿̱ף죬һ㶼ŮװòŮˡ
̫ʷȵһ㣬ϵıɢһأŤ¹ĵϣһֻꪡ
ҿ̫ʷͷϵǸͷҲİʽǸ佫ϵġ
˾͸УſڴܵСѧƵģţŭţ֮žȥ
֣еԥؿڣҪҰæ𡭡
վΧһȦȽλõһｫȻЦһδɵСޣģĲ𣿡
˻䣬̫ʷȴ˷ӦһǸ佫ƿ㵲ǰ
ո԰ձ̫ʷ˵ҪսսΣ
գգۣое¡
ｫҲе¡
Ǹ佫Ӧ죬һµҲ´㻤㣬ѵǸ̫أ
գգۣصͷ
һ佫ֿһ˸˸ԵİȻӢۣҽϵˣϵô
˻ӣϵã
һãܲ˵ؽӹԱһｫݹϸ˲ǽߣﲮҽղȡ׼ˣ
˵֣һͦġ
ǣԵ̫ʷǾ仰ʱͻȻһͣӽŵغһֱۻԾſˣ
е׼Ƹܡ
ʮÿ죬ȥҲܿ죬Ƭ̱Żȥֻʣ
֡տڣ׼лʱ̫ʷȺȻһһ
ﲻѷð͵ܣߵ˵ȴѵֶ˰ϧ֮ģԸ͵ܽǾնɱҵĲǣ
ҲһҪǶɱ⣬˵˰䣬Ȼһ㶣˵ʮأɱҲͦġ
̫ʷƺ˵ʲô˰û֯ԡ
ֻʳָǰʼ׾رȻ롣

͵ܵͨλҲ࣬˿ʲô佫ñٱ˵Ҷˣ


133 
лʣһ֧,ԣż衱һ£žһ,еΡ
˴,ִ˴֡
Ҫϴһϴ,С˵
е䣬ҹҲе
ҿе,Ҹ¹,ˮҲе,ֹ̫ʷѹϴΪ,ֺֻϴɾ,Ծɴһ׻
ˮ׼ħõս,˼ǰѾһ͡
֣Һġ
̫ʷϴɾ֮е㷲Ҳ
,ͣͳһƤƤС,Ϊ̫,ɢһ΢Ľζ
ʱѾֽ,ƤƳɵֽ,ϡ,̫ʷȻǾ㵵۾
żȻĻᡭҵõⱾ顣Сĵصݹȥ,ٻ׵֮,ѧġ
ҲСĵؽӹȥڻ·һԼʪĺ鱾Զһ㣬ôʪ
ʵ鲻´ʪΪһǿװǷˮġ
Ȿ鵱ȻҲ⡣
ĺͱʼǣīвŻҽҲǹɽζǴӺζ
̫ʷô϶ǿġ
⵽Ǻ
Ƿ飬ǷʦӣҲħսĴôǽͲͨģ䲻ܽЩ̫ܿʷȿ֡
Ҳ֪˵Լҹؿ֮󣬱ѧȫע֮£ʹ׵֮ˡ
̫ʷ۾Ŀһ߰Ķ˵ȻʱЩ
󽫷黹
͵ܾĻʵҿдּ㶼𣿡
ȻûУæ˵һûв򡣡
һ仰ҪȰ͵ܣ˵ԺĪҪͨΪá
̫ҡ𣿡һ߽һ˵Ҳôá
ҹ紵ɳɳ졣
źӱߡ
̫ʷȵĿû뵽ġ
֮η߶ӣ͵ͨߣҵȷδţδ֮ʦŽܾ۰ƽδûһͨ
һɻѰҽʦҲ֪ԼǷŽǼȷ̫ƽ÷ˮܻٲôԼڶ㲻ڣþȻҲһ֮Ϊ͢ƽ
ɼ֮ҪôҪôҵȷ֮˲֮ܲ
Ϥ̫ʷǸʮĺܣ˵Цơʱ̫ʷϣӰɨ׺żʱȴǼºͣʮġ
͵ܵĽܵУٽ跽̫֮ʷ˵Ȱ͵ܣܽε꾡Щס
ȻⱾصķ󲿷ܿٲֿĵһҲܿöʮָж
Ͼôеŵĳ˳ӣҪ˵ʲôл͹ĵĻ
̫ʷȵĻû˵ꡣ
͵Ǳʣһİɣ

쳣ص˵Ƿ治
ɺˣϽ̫ʷȣһëûУֻһѽûʲô쳣֮
̫ʷȺȻǸԼѰٷְŵˣô˵ˣŽüĿ¶һ˿ĵ΢Ц
Ǳá
Ȼػ˻Դȶĺз˦Ժ
ͨôͣʵһʱ䡣
صӪ֮ͷ֣ʵ¶Ҫر𷢳
ΪȺͽԶԾ˾ڣ
Ƚ˺Ӱʱнһֻ׵ɵĴ֣󷢴ȱؽ԰նɵǸִԲˣ
ں֮ʱˮΪ֮ᣬ̤ǰնɱˣ
ʹ÷˫ֽӡһ磬ҪʱھʿԳΪһ٣Ҳ˶ճ
Ĳ˵ܾá˫ֶһеӸСΣɱʦʱǰŹڻǸͽȺ˵˾һֱӵй֮޲ӵͨžͻ΢Цòͷˮƽ
ʱܻΣ룬˭˭Ρ
֡ͨװûͨˣĿǰһСС⡣
ǸûͨװͨļһѾףҲٴԴʬʳʲôֻûһۣͿƸץǸʦ
ʲô
㣬Ŀ̵µ͡
ܴҶѼꤣ˭Ҳȶ֣ǻƸǰγذףԿһۣ΢΢һѪ˿⣬װУݸߡ
ԼҵĽԵسһڣʮԱᶫս޽ſʼá
߶ԼָϵͿ˿ֿ˿ڵɪɪˡ
ͬҲͣĿҲСȴηηŴ󲻳ɸӡ
λܵĻߺȻɢһ˼άǸĺжȻϥ¹򡭡Ϊ
˿ûԼͼǽŵеź̾һע¼
˸׵Ĳ˼ǧԬı䡣֪ԬǸƢˣҳ˴Լ֮⣬κ˶ĵúܡ
⼸ǧ䲻еģС¡
ʦһ£Ǹ
һеɻ󣬡壡
ʦһ˵ʱһȦｫУֻһΪТĻƸ˷Ӧ
Ҳе⣬վ߹նˣ
С˲ѣʦŵôĵȷȷԬͼ
ʮԱɻؿ˿ܿ߾Ūôˡ
˴ȥ˵ҵһ룬ô⡣
˷˳֮ιΪ棿
˫۾ڻһɫ󣬡Ϊ棬ԬΪ档
ʹˡ
λὫû˵Ȱ棬ȫע˼Լ¡
˥΢ģⲢʲôϡ֮£ԬͬԽˣ˳Ƶ֮ģҪڸǲסˡ
ʱΪ֮СԼܸԬ£ҪҪᣬһء
Ȼȵ취ӦԬ
ҪԬġٲܽʦ֮¹ﵽԼϣý׵ĲԼԬļǧȫ¡
Щʿ˰֮лᣬؽʱԬкΪ
ڣλδڵĹ̫á
ܵýЩɣ۽Ҳͬھȫƽദ
Ǳ˴˼е͵⣬Ԭкã
˱һЩ߽ŵļ󣬱ҪʱõСı
֮ǰ˵˵ǸСޡ
׵Щϲǻ࿴һۡ
ҲûȽС갡ƸЦǺǵ
߲Ϊ⣬ûӣ϶ǸСޣ˵Ǹͣͨ
Щ׵ԭЩԶﴫı£Ƹüɾš
ûϵŲŲҪ˵Щ˵ǡԽŵԽáһݹġ
ã
ǸͿߡһȥٴȻ˵УǸʦұһ׽ߵĻһҪԬģⲻվͲҪ
ǣƸǸת׼뿪ߺȻֺס

̽ͷ̽ԣʿΧѾǼܵĿ򣬡𣿡


134 
ɨսŻ˼ʱ,Ƚź׵ĺɽӪפߵıƵˡ
ʹˣЩ̴úõʿǼŴӻ̲ϼܼصĶ,һ㶼˷,ڵзġסͷ­
һܲ,ŸֹˣûֹɹҲ¶˻̲˸֪,˹ЩԬʿʬ,ǺúðᡣߵҲʹ,Щʿʬ嶼,ͶұͻһЩǵûôɾʬ,˵ڵģҲתͽ,һʮʢ
вǣڵԴˣȥٴȥˡҲⷴͽû̫ı,˺ն߽Ϳ֮⣬иçͷأ˭Ű,һ̶,Դǹ
ڵʬʱߵʹʮֿһ,˵ʦԴҪҪ,ҪĻʵԬͦҪȥ,,Ҫٻܱϳ,ܹ黹
֮ܶɨսԼսƷǼִܶǿҳļ̫ˡ
ڴսһϵ߰飬ЩʿǷַͽܽӪԥ̫ʷȣԼջһ˹꿤
칫Է
һƫĿС
Ȫδˮȴ˱Ӻ
Ů߽˲̿һ̿ڶ¯Ϣڡ
ڲʰľţʲôĿ˱ĵطܸܵҵ
һβ֮⣬ֻʰʮָɾСˣԼһƯű̲ҶĶûʲôҩȴ˼˾ʳָ󶯡
λЦǺǵ칫ҲһɫϸӣûʲôƣȴңЩȣԼȪˮʮơ
һжһִĸоɱͬ˱Щϸ֦ĩڴһһ͵ǿܵƺҪǸ翵ķȥ
칫ĻȷԼĺ˼롣
Ĺ˼ھս֮ϵĻţ˹Ц֮칫˸һ⡣
פع񣬡칫Це𽫾ݣ
꼸ꣿǸ⡣
½˼һСʮˡ
칫˵ͷΣ
ܲ秵˵ʽӷӦһ£ܻش
СδȢס
칫룬Ӣۣ֮˵дǰˣѵλŮɣ
Ͻ֣ûУ
ͬһλºĳ죬Ǻ׷ɾģ˼ʹ칫һ䣬ҲֻǺƽطˣûЩʲô
칫´Ŀе̽еϷʣ
칫ǿʲô
ʲôЦǺǵ˵ϥֻĶӣҪһŮ㲻ɣ
칫ЦЦԾֿٿϯӣոյĽһա
ŲܹŽһ˶ϲ߻飬಻׳ɲɼ֮࣬ûʲô
շ׼Ӻһڲʱ칫ֿˡ
ҴֵһŮ
ۡ
λŮɽʮ꣬Ȼ½㿴δС򣬵ʱѽ֮꣬ҪʼĻˡ칫λֹȥ磬ΪֶŮ޻¾ͳ岻ݴ֮¡
ڼȻλᣬȨбδ䣬칫Ͷ˼׼λԼҽҪõĲƸ
̫ˡ
칫ҡ
Ǵȥ磬Ůױȴ籸ˣʱױ
⡭
֮⣬ֶŮ֯ز£һ
ǣ
䲻ұ޷󣬵Ůɡ칫ʮԵõЦһЦδرȵùֶŮĺɫ
ڣһͣϻۣرеŮҪ޸ȢȢ
칫ϯһ񣬡ʵΪ
칫ԼӵֻͣˣϵЦҲˡ
ΪΣ
ԭΪ׷ڣΪ꿤ش˵أҳڴˡ˵һر۰ǣŮǱҵˣ
칫ӣϲŭ档
ɾԸԥݴɾصǡ
ǲ˰ɡε˵˰䡣
û˵ڡȻͦϲҲȢϱ
칫ԼǰѺˣָֻЦС
ˣ಻ǿ󽫾
ˣû˵ɣٵҲ֪øϽˣ칫˼֮ҲûЦеע뿪
ĨӰǰʧ̨ϵ칫Цݡ
̴أ
Ƭ֮ϵĶ̴Ҵææ
»ӣ
ԸǼΪʰңӣͷδ̧æдţѱһݺ񣬻ţ㽫Ǵϣȥ۰һˣСģΪ졣
۰ǣȥˣ
ϵ۾ﲻЦ⣬ֻһƬ˪ȥܺꡣ
ܺꣿ̴һ㶣Ǹӣ

ǲǸСˣǫΣʲô˻ۿ̴ʮֲм˵׻Ҫ񣿡
СʲôãƳԼһۣ𲯾һСΪãǸ½㣬뾡һа취ҲãɫҲգðϸͬ뵽ˣȴҲΪã鷳
λ̴֣ϵԻתΪ˱ɱ
˵ͼҼ
ͼ˵ǱߴϢǸɱ̧ƽԭŹƳģ
̴ɱǰһ׾Ҫü޸ˣһɱģҼģˡ
վԥǰ˶һ⣡ǶüȿҺݣۼձ
һɱģֻҪŵվſڣ˵ҲǺܣǽһҵԬΣԬڣ
סͷûҿֻϵʲôۣϿۣŻ
ǿЩǰŲ
̴з׽Ÿλ͵һ̧ͷܺꣿ
ţλʿ˵ͷ£ЩЩСЩ
ײ˵Ҫ½㡭Ԭ
ҲˣȺѱ𣬡˵פͿƣбͼ󣬱زԸΪԬǰ䣡
ڰƺΪ˸Լⷬһϵһֻľϻȡһš
ǷŶʮҪ֮֮ؿһδ򿪣·˻ȥ¶һ־Цݡ
ʹͼıʱѷǱʱֺξ壿Ц½кã


135 
ϼҵķȻó,ǲӽȥĶ֮Ͳôóˡ
۽ʱָо͸ӵԶǿҡ
ǹ,صɢȥ,ȡ֮е硣
ûȰ,ҲûҡȻָ˺һ䡣
ʮжΣֻһѡ,̸ƶ,ΪʲôҪȰ㣿
վǲһ·ˡ
ɵСЩ,в˵,,,ҵõʶֵˣһҳҲ˵,ȫµ֪ʶӶһ·ˣȫµĹһ·,ȫµġ
ͨ,ʲôû˵
в߶ˣĬһ,ֱʮֻ
ûйϵ,ܱȱиԴᡣ
ɾջô磿칫δԥ
ʲô֮ҪҪ̫ʷȡ
칫ҵķ,˵,ҸϽӻ,ʵҲûгԱ½㡣
ȥЩʳ
ô䣬˵ԸŶɡ
⣬ݿˣݶѿݸɲˣҪ۵ģкװһ͹˽ǺãЩֻҪԸȥһȽ֧ãٽϴкõĸʳһ̰ϡúȾƣɸ̹ľһоرĶԾˡ
Ҳ˰꣬ԥʮָпԭΪݻˮڿãɾʹҲޡ
ǴƱյһ־ơ
ԭΪҪԬһ˵ɲܲĻ
ҾҲͦԾֺһ־ơ
ӢܲСƽʼ˵ȵ֣лᣬٴһ
̫ʷȡ
ûյе㲻㲻˵ﲮôΣ
̫ʷʮӢͻȻһס
ôܺ͵ܱأ˵ֻӢܣ͵ˣ
ȡ
ԥѸٵػһ⣬֪ɾȷʵδףΪβһ칫֮أ
ΪҪأ
ɾǼ޳дѯҲãԥ˵ɾ꣬Ѱһźܹġ
˵ôȢº˽ⰡʣȢϱ𣿡
֪ѬģǾƾˣԥһˡ
Ϊɾãʲôµ⼸Ĵ˼üң
侲ָָˡ
ԥˣ߷ߵòϯȥ̫ʷȸϻģȻϻûǹЦһ١
˵һλѡ
һλ
㲻ϵáһ⣬պպ齴һȥ׼ٺһʱյֻʣ˰յоơ
ûɵ̾һ
ѾܾûˣҲ֪Ρ
꽭ˮ棬ˡ
潫գ˽Ϊսıϣȥսߣ˸ɺͻ֡
ЩǵصʹڱգϯֿҵسԹ˵رϵÿһݣÿһƬҶľʳҲᲶ׽һȳ棬һȻææسȥȳÿ죬ȥҲ죬˭ʲôܽǴ׽أյȻޱ޼ʵĻߺ
ڻȳԹ˵ϵĲľҲȻڳݸѣһҹܺһĲݸɵ࣬ҲǼѵõܡ
ױչתתǵײܶĲݸӶǰྡŨЩΪе㲻ƽʿûһ顣
Ϊݸ౻ڲϣСض˵ǰ
˳һֻ룬׼ԷʱȴԼͬڷ
Զ
뿪꣬ʱ̫ң˵϶˲ͬĺۼԡ
ǻڳʱ˳еǸȹʧ꣬ڵƺһ㣬ҲΪ˺ܶԵʡ
üĿǴһ֮˵ĿҲܻһӡ˱óĬӲǵ˵Цˡ
ɴʱԶһڷЩø˳ЩϤĶ²뵽ʲôˣʲô£ʲôط˲Ż
˵ڶʱѾѸٻعһƾ׵佫ѵõЦЦࡣ
Ҹոһˡ
˳⣬ţ
㻹ǵô½㡣˵һˡ
λЦ佫е⣬˵ͷ
Ҽǵã˵ԭܾˡ
ҾܾĶԡͻȻô˵
⻰˳һʱЩ⣬üΪΣ
ҵƷֳڣԷѾ˼¡ӽ˽࣬Ҩһףȥ
ζҿ࣬һɳǻɬ⣬ҲܽΪǲݸʵ̫ͣôҲǽõģ罫򽻸ǾЩݸ飬飬ȻҲҲȥ
㻹ǲǵã˵Ԫ˵ôͶȡ֣ͶϣʲôͶã
Ǹ˳Ҳ¶һ΢ЦҼǵãȡ
һͷ򣡡̸ۼģ
˵ͻȻдûóԹĲݸóˣﲻԼͬ룺½㻹ǱҪһ㡣
ʲôܱȵùһͷأ
ѡò˳˵
룬Ը֣Ҳǲģƾı£ǵԻÿҲܴЩҰޣƤëЩɳһҲҪһ𰤶ҵĹ
ȻЩ֣˳룬Ȼǲɷȡ⼸ٶʲôԶ۳Ǹӣ
ȻǷܹ죬˳ս
ǰܲҲҪ˳ᶨ˵ٵһȱˡ
ܲʵûаԵҲôá
ǰһС࣬ɲˣ֮ûʲôĶˡ
λСû֮ӣķʳǺѰġƻµλ֮ɫƽС࣬Ҩһ׳˳ãغʱʱһɲˣ
Ųһ˿ȵʳʱƮһ˿ڵ㡣
ʿæԣڵϻƯͻ㼫ˡȻǾսͿֶ࣬գһû˿⡣
ӪеֶɵľֻҪһСһٷŽȥһ⣬ʴݵģͿԻһҹı㣬˭мĶأ
Ѻ棬λʿվڰĬؿһС
ʮղմˡλ곤ЩʿͻȻڡ
ЩʿĬһʱһԲ¡
仰ƬһµĳĬ֮С
Ƕҵĸϣ˶죬λ곤ʿ˵նһƬģտɼ
ЩͻأĻʿüԳЧ۾΢΢󣬷·ʲôͻȻ¡
ԣαΣźͻ˵ǱضҲԹ޲ܹġ


136 
۰µһѩʱ,ܺյš
ǸûǿϵĲ࣬ǷŴǳֱ,ҲҪж衣ο֮,λ,Ӳӵ
һֶϵãҲȫλ칫˼
ãô̴˵,ʹͬҵ׽֮ˡ
̴Ͼ,һ˲,˵
ܺ,һϻ,ԱѤƵĽУһˡ
ϾôҪ,ʿһʱ뵽ܺкЩԵãҲҪŪһԼֶκ鱨
ʹ˵һ٣,ȷҪġ
̴ͫһ˲ˡ
֯ϯ֮ͽкͣ
ֵܱܵ,βͣܺ˵,ɾȴ,ӼҲƾġ
ӼұȲǰҴ,Ҳ׿,߲,˼ñǫΪݱ,ǼҪһλ
˵̴ˡ
λṫȻı֮Ȳ丸˼磬ɫЦ
Сб²Ҳù˰ɡ̴Ƶ˵ռҵɾӼ̸ְӢۣҲͰˣЩϱֵȥδأ
⻰˵òܺȴ̲סüͷܲڡ
ܱ¼ҵǿˣΪǫǵˣȻεҲȵǿ
Ǳˣļƾʲôεˣй½ǵͽƾʲôҪõˣ
ͱ£ɹŲܱÿճȴî̸֮⣬⻹йս֣ܺ꣬ѵܸ߿һ
̴ֿһƤڵӣ̲ס¶һ˿Ц⡣
Щϱȥʹ˵ʹ˵һɣ
ڵǫѵġ
ѾԴ£ˮõԽԽ٣ֻЩǾİƵĸʣµڷҩˡҩҲԽԽλ۾ݵܿƤǰˡ
˵˯ʱһ˲Щ㱣ΪѾƣһ·԰ùѪʳ󣬻ص϶İĹȥ
ֱЩĶ뼧檣һȺϱԺصؿһ޵£ϸγ
ԭδɣȻһڡǫһ˲÷ңҪֱߵʲôˤȥ
λֻ̾Ϣһ
Ůһ̾Ϣ̽һ죬ˣ
䣬ʮ飬̿յжȣԼȡƿǫʱе棬̲ס
˭棿
ŮŵؽʾΪ¯ʼŵļǲܽ
ش𲢲ǫе⣬Ǽ佫⣬Ҳûб˻Ⱥϱ̬Ȼǫü
ҷΪԼޣҲΪʹޣܺ˵ΪӿޣΪݿޣ
ǫһ߿ŮøҨһ׼һĵʣΪʲôҪΪӿޣ
ʴӱĵʺ飬Ϊβͳݣܺ˵ĶӰ
ΪҵĶӣǫغ°׼ҲὫݽ
ȻǫԽԽԣĻڲܺʱʧ̬ˡ
ʹ˾ΪѽµԹӵʹݽѵ¹𣿣
ǫ⻰Ц֪ԼΪʲôЦ˵ĻǫĸڶƳһ۵ģܺ겻ͬ
˽·;ңԶǰͶˣȻ̰޴ͬ磬ԼˣοԺϱĿǫҲ
ֻһƣǿ׼ͷԵĺ˵һõĶ
εģи֮壬Ҷֵܣǫĵ˵Լֵܲأ
ܺ߷ߣвƽ֮ɫǫ㽫øЩ
ʱҲԼһʱܣƹǼ˹ƽ⼸꣬ҲԼһδûһȺʤİαƣףҲԱǿ£ΪǫЦҶвңܽݽǣȮţڵĺáһӹأ
ǫδףʹ׵ĻȻء
ⵤΪξۼԺпǫײ˲Ҫʾһ൤佫ĶǡӹšܱܺҲǡӹšһҲһȺҲûʲôݲǵĵطαѰأ
ܺ껹ûŽǾ仰˳
ʹȥҵȵϸ֮ӣ
ǫ̾һᷳ뵡һϯȫΪЩ룬òֽ˵øЩ
ˣǣصġǫ½Ⱥ󣬰Ҳ̱Ļ˵˳ҲҪٳǿʤˣǵ£Ϊܲƣ
ǫ𱸻ܺһ˲Ѫա
ƲܾĲǵǸδڵĻƿС嶯ؽЩûгıõĻһ˳
ΣµǼԱ佫ĸʢ֮ʹ֪ɣ꿤½ӣǱݣǻƿСôר𣡡
ǫϣýҪ۾ֿۡ
˵ܺˣҲûʲôǫ룬ôˣһݵµġ
ðɣȥԥΪͬ˵
ϢС棬СҪһЩʱģǫԺúõ˯һϦʱŵϢ
λԾѾϢ㣬˾ɽӴͣУʹ֧룬ɫѾȾ˲Ϣ
Сʧȥ׵ԣλ˴ȫƣҲһĵΣ縸¿ǫأϲһ˿ѹ
ǫ΢ЦŰ˰֣ʾ齱ߡ
ȷûʲô飬ƪ㽲⡣
λС½Ҳûˡ
ͷǣһȥд
ʹ죬ǫһ˿£ΪβңιҪٻأ
½Ϊع꣬뻻һѡƽЦʲôֵʵģ
ʱͬڱʱͬϢ֮֮ʱ
С棬ݣѲĻΣ壬˻شҲ̹̹
ǫһȥѰº褣ΪǺӸĸȡ֡
½С桱ѾЩ֣ǫ䣬͸֡
˼һ£ͻȻס
½ˣʶ˵ף̸ֹҲż³ç֮ͣԸȨƣʿ£
һ˫۾תúһ½Ŀϡ
֪ǸúӣǫЦһЦҪѧЩͬʿ˴򽻵Ķһ˼ҵŪ֪Ҫµġ
½Ȼ֪ǫʲôֵĿγ̣ܾԺźǳλʹհԶġ
Ϊʱ˳ܻ˾ӪУǼԱ佫ҲȲñ̿ˡ
ǲذˣ˵콫Щݸӵ
˳˴˿һۣһԵʿûסɵطˡ

˵ϳһĴ󻧣ȸԾ˵ݳ㣬ٶćףֻҪܽԻܲܲ٣
ˣ˵ҲδԸ谡
⻰ܲͬεؿ¹ʿӭģô᲻Ըʳأ
¹죬˵ЩʲôֱüĻҪһôȰȽϺá
һɣѽĻ˵ˡ
ʿӭΪ轫֮˵Ϊǳǵʳ
⻰˵ó¹ܲˣʿ˵ʲô
ܲٲбȡҲʿַʹԹŭܱۣͬ򣬶ǽ轫䡭
׼һתίЩϸЩȰ˵ϸıƻһҪȥѰϳǵѾôˡ
λ˷ܵأһ˳¹ļϣһ̩ɽѹ㽫¹ѹڵء
İɣµλɾңȴҲǸ壬йŷ֮ˣ˱ضͶҲҪ˵ݣһҪ£һͬ
ϳ˱׼ġ
оУ¹һĿ࣬˳һۣ죬ֱˡ
ѷ
Чڽʱ𣬡˳ѵõĳһ񣬡Ҿû˵˭


137 
֪ǲлԵ,ԴչСļźյǫ´ĹġȻд,ǫŲԵ˵ǹ꿤Ѿѡ,ʰʰ׼ؼҹꡣ
ѽ,ؼҾҪϽ׼ͬԥ̫ʷȶ˵һ£ԥȻȥľ͸,կ̲˵˵,ôһȺĴҴܵĸͽԭͺܰЩĶ,ڹ꿤ķ⽨ŨͻȻߡ
ǽʱʱܿµɮ߹,еͷ,еûͷִ߽,𷨣һŮԽͽΪӵŮ׺ڽ׺˫BUFFвٸȥһϡ¡Ͼʱ̫,˵Ҳʣοôʲء
ַϴ֮,꿤ϰҲ˸Űݷͷ
ݷò,ϵһûɶ֮û˼ܵĸ̾Ĳ̫ʡһ˵,úԷһͻȻ뿪,˺Ҳ,ϱɷҲҪ,ȥ,ܲΣһ˵Ϊһ̤ͳν׼ż֣Ϊ˸˰˿ڣҲ⿴ԽԽġ
⻹ڳ⿪˻ĵأһʳ˶СЩ˰˳ҲǲԸ뿪ġ
ĳĴʹ࣬ǿЩڴ˰ңмŮ޸Ӫʿǿ޿䳳ٲ˵ģּҷֵüɹҲǱⲻ˵ģи͵͵סСԭ䣬ֵһŮʱ·һǻ׼ͬ飬ò˵ʵ̱·ȫҴͷץԴѪĲüˡ
üҲͰˣ˼٣ϰֱ࣬Ҫԥ
Ӫ·һڵĿˮϵ¶ð
ææµµ˼֮칫ˡ
ҥС棿칫ʮֲ죬λϢ
Ҳҥ˵ʹĹҵȷ⼸ձҪС档
칫ʧɫչΪ˰
ô֪ԭΪսʲô仯Ҫ˵ȥֺ㣬ȫǡϽؼҳԽӡĵҲʵʵ˵ˡ
֪һȥɡ
칫һ£Ǳ𣿽мˣһǣΪҪ߰һ𣬺ʱù飿
Ųˡ˵˵µ̫غܿˡ
λʿɫһӱˡ
꿤£˭˲֪УҺ񹧼ԶģѵʲôС˽˲ԣʹĽɣĵһ䣬ҵȴΪ˵
ң̹кξ壿Ϊ⣬칫ҵǡ
⻰칫ƺΪ֮ݲѣһŵͷ̾
ޣ˪಻ܸɫҲ
Ҫٿٵˣûôá
ˣᣬΪпɷ񣿡ؾ칫һץס֣ޱȣƣƴǣ
Ȼ˵ơʵʻǺܷʢġϽҴ嶼һͬΪУϯޱȡ
һβͬΪЩ˻˵Եʣ½Щҳ˴ûôͰ׹
ÿһ˶飬У֮ǰνŻǸӶ˾ƾһԭ£еظڹ꿤һһнУȷʵûмƶĸ߽֮ʿ˲Ż˾
ȻҪߣһҪ͵Ȼս𲯣Ҿ͵йζĶ˵ϰٽ⣬˵ɹɵĺʺʣ˵ӡȾз飬ѼϸԼȻֲڵҰȤˣٱ˵һЩѰʿ˼ҲĹż
Ϸʱѧں趼붭ص£ɢΪޡһλôĳ˵٣ɻķ£֪ھֲ;þѧʲǡ
ͷһۡϴ
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Ӫڳ⣬סظ˻ԹǱŶ;칫ǰʱλʿԼӳյơ
Ҳ־ԶԵһΪ칫ЦɼҵѰ徻üСǵûع
رУر𲻼⣬رԼ˵Ҳежˡ
Ȧˡ
칫Ҳأ˵ǹ漱Сǣ
ҶŸжˡ䲻²۵
½һԼıǰսӵģһǧˣ࣬ǵѲְҵˣԾѾ˲
֧ǧľӶ⻹һСʮˣҽʦʮˣصǧˣԼ˵ˣйĸŲӻؼȺǧˡ
нٶȾͺܲ첻ͳ˳ǣ̫Ҫʱ֧·޾ţƺδǡ
дûйʹоˣȥЩĵĻ̲סָͷ
ܾ͵͵ˡ˵ҵûȥ
ԥе㲻⣬ɾǲСȥ鿴ǣα
Сʱֱֶ̫˵Һ˵
ԥһ̫ʷȣ̫ʷȿ˻
˶Ĭ½⵱Ѿ˵ǵ֤ݣǵתͷһͱŹǵķܻȥˡ
·ƹһɽ𣬹ǵңңָǰ
ȷδԶСڰ峵ϣ峵·ߣһȺк··߶ġ
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ǸոڳŴһ뿴ţȴϳˣһкæ˵ϧŹˣȥ·̣Ҫ
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磬˭˵ʱرճŵģѵгˣ
ǰһС·Ȼŵ𣬳Žգũָָһ󣬱ƽ峵ϡ
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ڹ꿤ʿ˵Ǹӣʮ֣صϴ磬ԡ£ˬվڳ⣬ȴλ͵١
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ҵ˼ҹΣӤ֮θĸǰޱ֣صظ˴񣬡սˣ
ȺЩԶŬ첱Ӳܽ˿
˽ʮ꣬߹ڲ룬һƳʱ˸оλȸ߻ɷ
Ĵ³𣬡ˣ
̬ץסλɷ֣һһеؼ˵گ񣬽ҹ꿤ܼӣ
˵λЦ˵λС½ɾαҮ
ٳ£ұˣеĸ»׶һģ
λɷ̿ЦǻҲЦ
ЩϯеʿҲЦ
ӳЦڣ˶ļˡ
һȺе½㡣
ھ˱ˮһԣ
Ⱥ˵ضλͶȫҷȣŹǵ칫ǼסȺˡ
Ȼأкֵܻ˵׼ڶʲôɣ
˵˵ʲôǱҶͶ
Ȼж˺ͺеıԹǰһ˵ļ
λ˾˭
֪æſ֣Ҳûͷǳ͢׷

ϸһ£ͻȻˡ
˵ô˵ţ
˵ǱѡԬ˹¾˹
һˣһڽȺĬš
ϵȷûΥԣȷûб½ѡԬ
ܿһʼѡľ


138 
ǫƣʹͣƽԪĶ,ˡܰҲ̹֮Ȼźӭ˵һʡ
һдʮׯأʢ,䲻׼,,ʷ鶼¼һʡ
ϣ۰ǵʿһص֮⣬,̩ɽ갰,ݵ￬뼽ݵԬҲɳʹߡȻǽΪλյ¾,Ҫһε֮Ƭη
֮ʱ,ʿ,뽫ӭΪȻ,ܾ̾ˣڳµȰ˵ʱ׳Ԭ·Ϊһѡ
λʹĬҿһۡ
仰Ҳһ΢ԣΪԬλѡ׳ʱ,ڳͲҪѡ׷񶨵ֳƾٵλѡĲԡ
µǽһЩ,ֻ˵䡰·,֮
ΪϬЩλʫ,ԴǷıѡ,ɴ˵
Ԭ·ǹаڣпݹ,⣡
ڳ,Ŀ,֪һϬĻôӿĳģĵô죬ô˵Աµ·Ѿ仰ѡһ˵ƣۣ
ȻĿﲻλԬܴʹߣ⻰ֻ΢΢üµע⵽һ㣬аŹȥǸԬܡܲٹͬԿ趡ǫԬӪѾ˱仯
ԺԬ·ǵˣҲûʲôã˺ܲͬܲٺԬΪˡ
ΣһӡʽΪ֮ȻҲһճǫ֮⣬Ŀġ
Ȼܺ겻Ϊ
¯յҲ̳˹ԲһҰζȣʱֵɫݶǨܵõ⼸ֻǴ
ʹˣƵҲϸֻǰëϴɿ飬һȻһҰζȡЩ˵ģʤϸڰٱ
زȻ磬ҸʿֲͶʳǿֵΧڹǰ˼յƣ¼Ѹֵܺˡ
չȥۼһ⣬СĴ˴кδ㣿
кδ㣿ǫҵиﲻġܺһյƣ˽ȥʮ׷չ棬˴ң
ۿһԵĻ飬̩ɽ갰佫Ҳ׷ǫƻƽʮܺԺΪˡ
һʱһʱ
۲سԼǿ⣬ر˻
֮£ǲԣҲ⣬չ治иԼӣҲиȵˣȴһˣѲթ
թܺŭ˭˽¹˴üǸ֯ϯ֮ͽ
޲£˵ﻹǵ˵֮أ
۳ǿ⣬һʢڣͽǺã
ܺƺû˵ɿ֮⣬ڵΪ۵һյƣҪһ·
Ͷ갽Ц˵갽Ȼӭ
ȥͶ갰ԡ
ܺһ룬Щʿڹ£ҪףͶ̩ɽأ
ݸʹܲٹΣȻĲҵڣأ
Ĭʮˬؽ⡣
Ƕ˵ҪԬ𣿡
ţ
˽֪ԬԬֵܲļ򣬡ʱ
һľ񣬵ܺ껹ϲЦտΪһյơ
갽Ըǰϸһ֮˵갽Ӥ֮θĸ
ԣôȡȥߴɵúů͵Ƥë²Ҳ
˸⾰Ϊã
˸ȼ˵һ˵Ǻ˲ţ
λʮµ佫ⲽһ˳ơšֱһλɷ򣬾˵СڳͿǧ֮
ߺĵ꣬ЦһҲ֪Ƿ񽫲ţ
ǽţ
Ǹ½㣬һָЩ̵λȲᣬ˵˳֮ͣǰǸ򡣡

ԡΧʦڡ֮ƴƲܾ˲ܲǧݱᣬ˵ն˲ܺ顣ǻƿС಻ӣ
»мԱͽ⾰һ䣬ײɵá
ǲͽ¶һܵýһֿ֪
ǼģĬĬˡ
֮ܶ껹ģ½أȻСĽЦλԬ·жд̣ʲôҵģ
ų͢ҲԬĽᣬԬĴӪݣǳ͢˸ݴʷ͹ȥԬͷ󻼡
λ⣬Ǻףּ䶮£ʿֶΣ͸ˡ
ʹƵزס꣬Ȼ꿤Ͼ׵ã⾰ϳɳЩɵȰ˼䣬ųдԣ½ǱЩʿüߵģȡ꣬Ҳн£
˾˸ȰһЦݡ
ҲŲǵˡ
ˣ
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λĽվǰ˼ͻȻʣǺһ˲ϯоʣҲſüЩŮȾһ˿Ӱ
ͷҲ֪ʲô˵ߵ˵еĵһʱ죬˼©֮㣬ǻὫҵֶδ齭ġ
ܹ꿤ȺС˸½˺ܴӰò˵Ǳͦ˵ġ
˵ЩزͿǵֳߵĿζٽȥ񣬷ַʱǵһºֶôԶչ˼ҵۡ
Щ˸СɣҲܻᱻߣϸȥоǱϴ͸ף򿪿˿ޱȲ졣
ʧѾãα࣬Ѱļٻ
ջȥ·߼ġ
ЩһһַǹҪҪ̫ʷȺԥٽܸ̫ʷǺ̹ʵͬˣԥûǲҪˣ涵̸һƹװǺʷʺϽ¹
žô°ɡͬ򵥽˱˿ӵĹ£֮󣬸о
Щҹ䣬ߣҲ
пһ䣬Ȼһ㰡

ԼĴȻ̫ïܵĺ룬
ʹѲµ˼֣˵ȰҴ
Σ
ݷУ¸֮ˣΪһȡ֣òã
á̷ˣΪʲôҪ֣Ҳʶȡ
ľܾһҲûþȣҲûΪѡ
Ҫ취Щʿ˴򽻵ģѵɱ𣿡
ҿİ취Ǵ򽻵СЩҲҪְɣ
Ǻã˵Ըһź𣿡


139 
Ϊһ͵쳯,½Ը䲻رӹҲôҡ
˵ǸݶĽʱзӦˡ
ǻȡֵ°,еŵһڿˮ,ʲô
΢΢ſ,ƺڿ㶡
ʵܹλԭͦƻôһ,ʮ˾껹δȢ,һ˵ܽһź,ضܸȤ,ٹĨǵظ,λҳŮɼǸδֻõĺù,ѰСӱضУʱͿԴݲȵȰһȡһ֣пܱ˼ŮС
û뵽,һźס½㵱˱ȸµѡ
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ΪβȢף
ͻС,½˵ٵȼꡣ
ôҲʮ,λСϸ,ʲôǵŮɲɣ
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,ϸһ¡
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ûʲô֮ˣΪζԽ֮ɵ
ﴸ˴С
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Ʈѩȴůġ
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˴һʱ䣬һλصϡ
ڼ䣬˼յƣ̾һְο䡣
Ҫ¾ҽġ
еļҲϽͷʼʾԼûзһ˿ϣ
˵ΪҪҸأ
룬һսĴԣҲ˵ˣλµȱ𣿡
Ҳʲô񣬡˵ֻһȱѡ
ֻǸܽ͡һ䡣
۾䡣
㲻ԼǽܺáһյƣҲҪԼǸ͡
ΪΣ
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ô֪
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Ѹٵˣ
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Һ˵ˡСĵ˵û͸Ͻ⡣
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Уԡ
ƺ˵ʲôʱȡ
ǰС棬̽Ե˵һһsͦóԵģ´θ
˵ˡ
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ΪȻƲƲ졣
ɫѩţҲæߣͼСá
ѡ˲ʹõǡơȾ١ТѡïšСߣѡ¼ãΪ١
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ʿ̵ĸ˴вͬ˵ǿ٣㿿ս٣֪𣿡
СһƤֿʼٵڶ飬ţš
ʿμʿˣˡ
˻
ԼƤˣ۰
һۡ
ʿ˳𣿡æһ䡣
ТҸţʦ¬ӸɣĴң˵Ʋʲô˲ļҲס
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Сһ䣬͹
ЩҪ׽˵͹ˣЦЦЩҡڲ۲˵Ҳ㹻ˡ
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Ҿ֯ϯ֮ͽ̹Ȼķһϯϵ彣ҵĽǸʲôõģĽǸʲôõģ
ͦԾ˵ˡ
ȻΪ˫ΪϰçĲ϶µȷٹ̡ϣĸҲеԵʡ
һȡһϵ֣Ȼϵı飬һʿӡٴӴ֮ЩΪеʿ˲űųѺõʿҲܽһʡ
պġԪ˵һҲû취ʽٵһʿɻƹⶫҲÿÿЧġ
ҲУ룬ǵҪʲôأ
ô֪ʱǳ¹Ϊȡʱ֪ˡ˵ͬˣձȥŰݻᡣ
𣿡СʵҪǺͬ⡪
ͷĴʼѰʲôץһԴϡ
ؼ⼸ѽָϼڸɨ
겻꣬ױҵŮǴɨݣСǲҪԼɻˡ
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˼ѰҸɻҲ㲻׽ɣ
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нȻҪͨ׼Լûġ
죬ȥݸ꣬ȻܻС棬ػǺһӵķ磬˵༫ˡ
ҹҲԶķʢ֣ݾͿֺһҲȱͬǰͷһͷ򣬼ѼֻȫһŰڲµֺȢϱҲ˹Ǹžʮ־ˮСϱһֵϱ߰ţߴߴͣոѧ˵ͣˢԼڸеİݶԵľˡ
˱ϾЩշףңŽǺһڽؾƣʹת˳
̫ʷȺԥҲһ꣬ŮǽȣȴҪһ㡣
Сж˲˵ƽ˵Զɽ
ɽ𣿡ʱ⣬˭˭򣿡
˵ǲܲٺЩƽµǴ׼ˣģ
ǵǲ˵ġ
ɸ˳ӦҲԡ
ɾ
ԥɵ𣬽Գ˼
ܲƴٶ
ԬԼܲ־սͿ࣬ԥ˵ݾ˻֣ҪԬݣԽȼü֮ٷݣ
ŶȻضžյһֻʣҪҪһѡ
̫ʷȷһ
ƣ壬ҵϹ۱ǣΪҪ
ôˣ
һ㶼ûס̫ʷȣﻮһȦ
ȷ˵ĳһλʿ͵ܵƷУ¶縸͵ܴΣ
һ£ܵ𡣡
ҪΪ常أ
һ顣
ģŻ˭أ
ͬڹ꣬ﺮصöࡣ
ϯֻˮûоƣݽ󺵣ʹƣҲòˡ
ÿǰֻһľһɲˣһɣѾǽĴˡ
Ӫʿֻһǿ
ߵʿһһ࣬ȥﶼãūҲԣΪܲٵʿҲûʲôǴ󺺵ְҵˣѵأ൱õɱ
ֻҪбԣȥﶼá
Ӫؽðռţȡ
ϯˣ˵Ц˿ڡ
֮ǿ̧ͷԼЩĸ佫Լ׷˵ĳ¹
λ緢µºʱһЩСؿҡ
ҪٴӮȥͶΣ


140 
εĹ̫дŻ״ˡ
λ̫ճrֹ,ϣ˵ݵҲ,ڹ꿤ﻹǳ˱
ѹǸռ,
ֻڼʮĽ,ʮֿ
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мÿжңЩҺһЩʲô׹ϵҲ֪ʲôãżãӲ
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һƵϸֱգһȺþƳģֹҪͬʽɶİ壬һʧ
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šֱӵıǣݸ½һҡ
Ǹģ
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㣬ҪǱסԼر뿪˵˵ҧһںҡ
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ϣǰŵġɳһ
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оˡ
ô죿˵ʲô취Ҳһ㣿
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˵˵
Խö
һأ
һ㣬˵λɿһս֮⣬⸽ûܴˡ
·ǵĽһ䣬˵öԽ⸽е˶𡭡
˻ԴͼѺеγȥϸ΢Ķ⣬Դһ𱸵ضһۡ
Ͻʵʵ
Ŵ󿪣һȺ䲻ȣ˵ʮµǴӵһλߣҲұ׼ĸ߹ڲͣϱһȣλߵЩ̸ֹг˷⣬ԵشִַС
ߵȻǳ«ΧЩǳ¼ӵѧӭʱҲǰ˶ؼֽһ
½㣬ˡô˵δڣȴ˲ٹ͡
ͷֵЦһЦԭˣ޹ֺ
ûˡ
Ҳʲô񣬵ʮ˵ĴôůͣѰ˼ľ̿Ǻܾˡ
«˼֮עתˡ
½СɾʦӺˣ
ʲô壬С˵Ҷ飬ϼ֡
ͷԼ׺һ١
ҰʿԸҲеģôһ䣬Сɾܹʲô飿
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ӵǿʼ˽
ܾûشÿеǵټңôҲýҾһ
˳ľӪôϵͳؽʲôأ
«ƺҲˣתؿʼ˽ʲôʱ꣬ճָΡ
ȫûϺңΪ̵⣬«û˵
ȻҲûա
ȥ·ϣҲе㲻̫ģȰ䣬ǧʯҪŵڽʵȷеѣûϵģ
ڸڸԼһ㣬ô˵Ѱԣ
ʵҲûʲôģСĵ˵㣬޼Ƶġ
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ѵʱõģ
ǸŮɣµѣ
ȽͻظСʱѾϦ£СмҼһæŻؼ
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˭ˣſڵױ
ƽԭǸһ·ˣûʲôĴ³ӷذ֣˰Ҳûһ̵ֻ˵һ䣺˸׺ͷ
½߽ʱڷȥ«֧ʹ̿̿̿㣬һ̿費һ
˼ˣ䣬Ǹ̿Ųҽ㣬«Ȼ˵УҪȲһ
æܳȥ裬̨µײϡ
еΣͷܵˣܵô죿֪һòãԼһʲôã
侲㡣
⡭˴֣Ьӣ߽¹ٺᣬ
ôС«˵ôҺõȣ

«Ҳûýſٵ̺־ֱһ䣬Ķأ
ȡ㡢𲯣˸Сɽ
«ۺӣʹմţӦˣ˵ͷηȨƣҲ˵˳¡
¹˵öԡСĵظһ䡣
ͷƳһָָۣǰ¡
ҵҲͲİˡ
ţºϽָһ䣬Ǿˡ
ͷƳһۡ
⻰˵Ҳԡ
ڴһִ󱬷״̬ͲҪˣ
˺һô𻰣ֲ
ȥҼңʹıԼԸŵģҲǣ
ôش
ĺҡ
Сĵ˲ʱ
«ȹ󣬰˰֣⺢Ȼܲ˵Եáˣְ֮ɫԺҲûԹ֮
ҲûʲôСĵ˵¹ܾң֮ˣܱǰ൱潻ãʹǿˡ
Ųĳ«
ֹ˼룬˼ְѻѳˡ
˵ƽգĺӣұʾֶҲΪѣ«˵ҲҾʲô˴򽻵ܵЩ
Ͻö˶׼⡣
ȷˣιȥǧԥһ·أ
һ
סһ꣬ڳס˶أ˵û˱ա
Գһ·򶫣Ҳ˭ա
ǰ¹꣬ǵȷң˶ֻԼңǭ
Ϧɨ˽ߣȾһȼյĹ⡣
Ҳǵʸ־࣬ʷˣҾõƽҲ˵Ҫһ̺壬ǭҲɰӣΪ̤硣
ʹҲɽص룬ȻȻؽ仰˵꣬Ҫһ֮
«ӣ֪ʲô
Сĵȥò룬׼ʱ«ַˡ
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½֪սʹбѲΪؽΪȴֻЩ䣿
ȻΪϲвǿ׳ִ¸ҵ
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ͷӣһȦӣϡ
˵׷ڣɻ˽ɽôԷ˼򱡣«ʵ֮ˣΪֽʮѻծ
ͷ
֮Ｂʳ㴩ӼѲ𣿿ҲûпԼϵ·ûвÿķʳ⣬͹˰
ͷӣڵͷˡ
Сɾ΢ȴؼ䣬˵ʹϸҲǽ֮£ǰ֮ͽҳݣݷϣ
֮ǰ׶ʿǺǵίߣʱͻȻ;ˡ
ûһ«֣ǰ
ֻҪ䣬ػ£ðʧЩҲûʲôͷļ򣬡Ҫ¿ðʧ̫˭ҽӣһöҡ
֮Ǽա
˼ӹȡֶҪУ½ûֶģ˿ϵǵԭ㡱«ȡΪ֡񡱣õǡӺ񡱵ĵʡ
֮󣬾Ȼûʲôĸо
׻ǡⶫ˲ֱ˶뺰֡򡰺šǴһϲ֡͵ܡ㽫֮࣬˵ּȻˣ㣬ˡ
ô˼죬ûһ£ǱִϢˡ
½ϺͰ׵Ҳɱ̵һֽѪʱʲô
ʵûʵҪʿ塣
û뵽פڹ긽ò㣬ҲûλﲮǸ˺ʿ廧ڱĶS


141 
ϵǴӸһЩʱտʼġ
½ߺ󲻾,߱һ㶯
λڳ뺣ڸפصͿƣһ֮
ߵĶ򲢷Թ,,ʼٹ,սƵƵɳ̽
˵,,ȴͬ,Ԭڴ˵,ռһʱ,ȴܾþݡҹȫֻռһǣֲͬʿ£,Ǯ֣ܱȵùԼأ
ɸ֮£̽ԼΪıȫֻԵطһ̫ء
ưġӵǶȥıӰ,ʿ۷׷ס
ϳɳصʿΪ罫¬rƹܹꣻ
ΪԬ๥,֮
ϸ⾫,ǵ뷨ͬ
ǿˮڣʺˮս,ߴʱ촬,ҲҪº,ʱŻ,αڱƵƵɳ,һҪٽʽأ
ݳˮս
˳˼·һ룺ҪҲѡʱڣͼأ
뵽ϱȻ
ʱĵѾһ˿Ļ⡣
ʱ˿ԽԽ
½ݵ΢ֲ֪ύʿҺܿһ㶼
λؽԼʿ䣬ñ꿤ҲС
Ҫ£Ϊã½ﰵܾ룬Ҳʹֶνߵġ
ʱûҲûʲôãôдһţٱ𲯺߾У̽ʵ
дίǫͣϿֿʾｫҪǣʿԸӭǣţƣͽ𲯣ֻҪϱ֤ҵİȫ
дʲô
һֻ͵ץֽüͷһȻУ˲ֻϵա
µľУ·Ļ̫ʢȵʹס黹̲סԶͷ¡
Ҹ֮⣬ϣ
߻˻֣Ҳ㡣
̴۾λʲô̬ȡ
ϾͶߵ̬ˡ
λ֪ǻӳĻյƵԵʣһĽվ˹
ĸ·̬űһӯķȣ̴ͻȻ룬νҦžɣλռ˹ǣҲ֪ûʲôύ׽
λ߹ʱ仹Цӯӯģȴ˽
̴ЩƮƮ˼һ˲޴Ŀ־ɢһɶΪѾγĽǽ翴ӯҲǴ纮ɱ⣬ѹ
һѪʣͷء
һԸ̴˵ϥһ˵ϣ˶ôֹסֻһۣ֣ȡϸΪ彣øɾ
ͷȥ˳Ҳ仰˵ﲮҪ꣬˭ףԼȡ
һλʧȥ˶ӵϸѪдµš
һһ䶼ڿߵĲбɱʹߡһϵĶѽѵ߽ʱܷŹǵΪ˹ǵİ룬С½ϽȾȴҰ
ʱѾɿĹˣһӣŵĴǸǴ¡
вϻһ½꣬ҹ˲úֱӰȻ뿪ʱ˵ֻҪѣŵСͺãôڹˣܲܣ
绹ã̲סҪߺ̹رճţŴӭǲᣬҪ¶
ô˵ȥѰˡ
ߴʱδǣֻǰڳһ̬͵һ㻳ɣ
ԬҪ꣬Ҫ꣬زס꣬ʿȥѵԮﳡأ
ĵʱʹˣεʹ߲ǴӹģǴɽġ
ź˳˼
һ࿴һµȿˣ;ĩ·к£
Ƿţ˵Ǵ¡
壬ԭ׿и֮壬Ϊң
ү
׿޵׹񣬡˵ɱҲɱˡ
ţǶô˵
Ҳ֪֪пոʵġ
ȻûҲΪ棬Ϊ̣Ҳ֪ȥ⡣
֧ݱʮ£˵лмλͽֵýύ
Ƕү
˵ˣµ˵ҽԬ⼸¼һսݣ
˳˼һŻڡ
;ͶҴʱΪܲ𡣡
ұ죬޶Եģϧģעġ
ܲȥ֮ʣ½֪˵ƾǧ䣬ʵܲߣΪԵʣҲ
ʾҲµ̾һƣĲǡ
Ȼȷ˴ĲݾţҪıһЩϸڣȺݴѾˣСݹҪҪٵһȥȻǺģĳǷҲüӹһ°˽֪˷˴û߼ģԼŹϵ㰡
һȥߵòʱ̧ͷȻһ㶡
㣿
еŵش֣ͬ˵
ָָԣ˵ոұ㷢֣ѵʶ֮ˣ
룬ʵͦġ
һ裬㶡
죿
𣬽ԼȻδʽˣֻۣҲദһҶʶֶڸ˳ӪѧϰЩ£һһ
һһɫǺƽ
Ǹʲôˣ
ûΪʲôûˣһ⡣
һӹݴʣòǡһֱ˵Ĵ
Ǹˡ
ӡ
һ
ջȥˣ˼رİƺԺŮ˵ЦҲǰԺ߶
ʺҲϸһ뻹ʲôҪͬǰġ
ǸֵĶѾ˽ˡظһ顣
мý

̧ۿ£
ˣ˵˽ﲻ̫
˫ƽüëһԻ󲻽״ʲôС̫
ǡ˵ָô˵
Ȼ䲻ͻῴ㶡
η㶵ʱ
ô˵ͬ󣬲ҾСһ档
һ켫ˣ˺ܾãܾãܾԺǾ켫ˡ
ΪûĻ档
ȣӭĲЩ佫Ⱥݴ󺺺꣬ɫңһݵò˵ƤҲˡûôݣΪǸӸߣԵݡЩˣ֮У¹Ҳʲô档
еԾǣӭʺھȻķϣ
һӣ
ôҲֻǵһμ棬ûھ͵֮ͨãܼԷ˵ĵزɣ
⻹ԾǣλҲʮ꣬δر곤ģµϿҵס֣ۺأͬ˵
һ£Ҿ;У
˵Ҿͽܵܰɣ


142 
ȥʱûдԼЩ佫,Ͼϸ룬ԼЩֵֶʲôܳסϲŭɫˡ
ȻҪ˼,͸óһЩ,һЩ̫ܽѿ,˼Ƶġ
ҲûֵǹΪôҪȡֵܡˡ
ȻƳ¶û,˼ǰ,Ҳû
ͬû˵仰ΪԼǳȼ֮,Ϊáһ佫,½ִ˵뽫졭⣬ǿнЩѾ޷Ŀ½漼ɸ񵲿
Ȼһ½,۾ˣ
Σݣʵ,Һʱһ͵ܣ
͡͵ܡ,ûǰ,Ϊ½ǸԴǾ͹³ç,շ֪ˣɽɽԬܹӢۺ֮,޵Ҫʮʿҹɱ
ǰ˵ʱ,ܻԬҲûôշ֪Ԭ
С,һ˵һվձˡ
˴һô,ȻܽΪֿ,ɼʲô¶еġ
һ߸п,һææ뿪Ӫģ뿪ʱûǸԼЩ԰þʿ
ȻҪȥӭ½һͻڼ̿ѧϰ
«ûôߣֻ˼ɡⶫÑǵӸʦѧѡ«ںܸܲѧѣںӶˡ
֮˴복ͫ׵𣬶ﲻ֪֣ǶһһűʰӼѸôЩ顣
ͷǿ͵ģʱҲģÿ죬дһĵ͹ȥ͵ˣдˣ֮ˣͷ⣬ܸȥһ١
վͷѵ
ʱҲһѵ
һγµƺΪƬԵ̫࣬к˹ǲҲվﱻͷѵһ١
үʳûˡ
ΪȻҲûί
̿յúֻſСĵشԱߣë̺ëůԱߵİϷһ̵ģһȲ衣
һ߿飬һ߷ֳһģĥҪҪȥľӪ̽һ¹ʱ⴫ӵ
ױʧس˽УཫѰ

½ܻЩݵѣÿһе󶼲һ
˳ϵģ˷ģһ˿ģȻĬԣ˼Ϊףʮֿɿ
¸ҵģʵģʮֹѣϲ˵ЦżҲΪԼ죻
ͷڣףڳϵҲܻž߿࣬һ
ô˵Ⱥ޵κ˿Ǹˡ̫ʦûǣÿһ佫׶ģսǷ׳ģ忴Ҳݵġ
ڲ̫ȷôݳȺˡ
ȻǿõҲܸɾѲࣻ
ÿ˶һȦҲһ㣻
˿ɫ࣬Ҳģ
ⲻص㣬صһȺ˿һ˽Ϊ׵κ
ӣҪѧ𣡡Ե
⣬ľľض̷ۿ˹ȥ
㣡
κһֻ֣ץסһֻֿݺݵģǿȥһݺݵʱûϳ
ɿܸжеͷһǱ̧ͷһ
ѡȿһڱ
ûװôˣҪˣ飬һС
ͦġ
֪ͣҲûô⣬ڽǶڼּҵ֣ݺһ󴮶ķɼɲˡ
ױǸϽȥӱͬĴż˹æˣˣˣҲ˲ʲô²ɫﰸĵ죬Ŷ䶼ҪˣҲ֪½ɾôµġ
Ҳ֪ôµġ
ʹǸȥ𣿡˵ҵģ
κָŸ˳£߲ѷóԣ
˳ͷһ
̬˵ʹʳ㷢ʱգȷʿٷ
ǿ϶ҲԵϰ˵ʿٳ
ȳһ٣κܲ˵ȥǶҲԵ¡
ĻһҲûʲôɫ۹۱Ǳǹۿڿڹĵ
װû⼸ǵ֥Ҽǵûмˣ
ͻȻһ£
ӻ࿴һۡ
˭Ҳû
ҪʲôõԤˡ
Ǹ˳ֿһ
ڳ°æء˵ոսġ
ĺȻһ¡
Ȼִóһҵɣҧһڡ
ڻﱻĽӲӵĲˡ
ڡ⽴׷ɲ˵ȵȱ֮͵һƬӿɷĻ棬ֻԼ԰ԱŷͰվһȺһڵĹм䡣
ܻӭ⽴Ҩһ⽴ڷϣȻһ༸ӷ˶ǣͿԾױ󺰴УҪôٶȿһһ㣬ҪôɴѷͰ͹
ǶԵòˣ
ǹˣʳôֻзûоƣ
˴
ڴҿԺһھƣһ⣬һôʱˡ
Ȼν¡ҪЩ
ԬܹܺܲҲܹµΪǱߵˣǰżʱ˶ίˡ
ضΪﶭ׿ɱ˶׿ЩȴݲңҪɱң˵ü͵ܣ
Ķͣˡ
ͬҼСĵ˵ݣ
ûУһ;ú׽µУô͵ܵˣ
˵
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һһκƺעȫھϣͣΪɸƣ˳û꣬ٶȼһ㣬üͷ΢΢ںרע
Щ֮⣬˴󲿷Ҳˣ˳úİҲ˲ͬ
һʿôˣ֮ǰҲע⵽ĽòȻǹЮŽûҪԣҲûھʳԴȡƺֻǶӣһ㣬Ȼͽӷ²ˡ
һҲʮңǸδ󺺣ȴüչԵñǸʿ١ЩƣǺһ̾һ
Ϊ˼ңҪǲôϤĿ˵ʱԼĹ·˷š
λ˵Ǿʳ̫ɿ𣿡
ǽˣָָλδ󺺣׿
ǿͬ˵˼׻
ָָǸܵѹʿǳ¹¹̨
λ¹̨ƺ̫ҽܶûо͸űһԴ󻧵ԼܵͬҲһ¡
̨ؿѽοһ䣬ﷹģȥǣ
¹Ŀƿˣƺڶһʲôֺûô˿ˡ


143 
ͬԵú,¹״̬
Ȼ̺ܵͣѾ¹롣Σһٷһ,Ǳ׵ĺˬ,Ϊһͦ鷳¡
Ҳ֪˿ʲôˡ
¹С˼Ҳܣһ¡
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ʳѾˣôҲ˼,ſ˳üչĮ̫ˡ,ˡ
Źʲô𣿡
˵°ﲻʲôæô˵ҲԷйһ£
ǻ࿴һ,ɤŴ˵Ц˲㾲˲,һе𾪵ؿ
ƺ˵,˵,ֻΪԼһյ,ͷȥ֮,ƺҲࡣ
ɽ,ֻǳʢд˽½Žľ,ʧأ
ʲô磬˵,ֻһȺҼԸ,Źʲô£
˵ʱ,¹ƺ˾֣ҪмָмһۣɳƵؿ˿ڡ
ȫ£ҵųӺ֪಻֪Ԯδ
仰ֻ̣ܶмʮ֣ʱƺþȫ˵ڣδ䣬ɤӿѹֲסʣǷʺֱܿ˺
Ŀࡣ
һĻ̫ʧ̬ˣʧ̬Ϊ˵ΪеΣûиеһϷĳɷ֣Ϊ˿޵ҧгݣ޵ȫڶץԼ·ץ·˶Ҳδ
ȻҲ֪ԼΪܶˣƺѹ̫ãƲסˡ
Χ˻ŻŶȥȰҲϽȰһȰ²ȥ֣Ǻױˮ
ҺһƬǳ¹Ȱ˼䣬λֹסˮǸֽϴ˸ɾ»صλϡ
ȻԲȥʲôˡ
ϯɢ˰̾ĳ¹⣬ֻһξδմĸ˳һͬӪ˺ˣȫˡ
¹ھ˪·ϣճһƬ⡣˳ζУһȺСŴ뻹ûס˳·ˡ
ŹΪλ˴ѣ
˳̾һΪҵȡ
ô˵ʵǲ׼ȷģΪȻΪѲܲ٣Ͷλʿԭǳ̫أʱǲܲԬܵѣͬܲ٣ϵõʲô̶أǲܲٶǫĲ㣬֪ܻܲŻʱ߼С׿ĵز
ǲϰĲбʹ¶һ㣬Ҳ¶һ㣬Ҳ֪˺ˣ޹ɱ˼ɵˣϰʱûסų¹һӭݣϰġ
֪ϰ۲Ŵԣͽڲϰڽݸϳȥ󣬻ͷΧųȫڵӺǣ׼ȫݵʿ忴³жôҡ
ȫˡ
ǲѷΣ˼һ⣬ͬʱһ⡣
á
ĬԵĽ̵δһ䣬תͷͷķڣȻ䲻пһ䣬ϸпȥ
δ˳̾Ҳˡ
ͱ⼸ûȾƵģȥٿ˾Ƶġ
˯һأǰѼе̺ӺëƤȻҲǿǲڶ˯ϯ
κ˯ѿǺɣë̺һ˯ú
˯Ĳ鲻Ըɡ
ԼĽԣŻǸѱ˵ˣžﵽˡ
·ͬɫܲõһۡ
Ҫôʰ˵
Ҫٺ˹һæɡ½е顣
ͬɨһۡ֡Ⱥ˸ɴ˯ȥһҲϧ񡪡Ȼ߿ˡ
˵ǽҪСʱ׺ܴû˵ʲô
ȱԣͿͬһ䡣
¿ɺˣʱܴݵĸ
ôͬ˵ˣʲô
ƺûϷİݣ·һ˵ûҲˣ
ǵ֮ͻС棬һңһûͬطˣǸ˭Ҳҿ
£ڶ峿˹Ǻ̾ȥѰ˵һ¡
Ҳţ˵Ӻǽߺ񣬳Ʋ°ˡ
룬ܰһ𣿡
һ㶣׿ͶԵ𣿡
˵ֻʣ˵˵Уǧݾ֮⣬ǽ𣿡
롣
ǵԬܲܲٴͣЭ飬ʱƽٿǵӺݾڣϱҪԬȥܲپرʵ
ǽıʿǶʲô
ȴܸģô˵ģίԱĳȺ˺ܲð
־СδԬڲ࣬Աȥ㣿
е㲻µƳһۡ
Ү˵Уݾǧˣܾȫ壬׷䲻
³һҲû߼ƽȥһµ⣬ȲܲΣ׿ܲСʶܲж񻹲Ǳܲ٣ӭ
˷ΪֵܣΪΪ
֣Ⱥ˳ͦӵģҪţʲôأ
λճµĳʱһϳɳصһ⡣
λ㣬ȥȣ
ǲһʹΣ
ܲٺ׿ǣһʹкΪ
ȥС黨ԡ
ߴߴһҡҡͷ
ܲʱݱϺ󣬴ӵܲܺδת⣬˵֮ˣ¡
һ̣ӺĿϣô˵
С黨һ
ݱ
ͻȻһ
ʹڿһֽܲٷųȫǲܵģԬϴŻ˭Ҳܿһ˵ϰ壬Ǻ޶Ⱥˣ̲ܽͷ֮ޡ
һʽأ
Щɢݱȥ˶ɵغǿ𿴹ֵɹΣӹõȻôһʱײȺڵˮƽҲǿš
ǣܲǧһҲӪݱųȫң
ԵĻˢһˢԥȫºʿеֵǴҪģҪǡ̫ˣ¹㡢Щռ˺ܴܽһֳӵ£ڷкô
˭Ҳ˵һᵱУҵȷղڷ
ɱȣԵֹһ䣬һС黨
̸еĳЩݱ֮⣬ȻԼѾĲܺ飬ϰҪĻݱٳһ𻹻ȥҲûʲô
ȷ̸һ̸һԡķһ߲ϸ̸зһ߿ʼ˳ʹݵλʹѡ
ʣô¸ңԴǣܶģȻпܽⳡ̸мȥһʲôʧ˿ܾҪȥֶεĻˡ
ѡȻҪЩ
۵ʱԵеҭǶ˲룬׼ȼڲˮ̵ķ֬ζӺ˳ȥ
ڴɨ룬ҪҪȥæذأ
½㲢һʱҷˣֻȺʹѡ;øԼûϵ˶ѡ
˼Ӻ䲻˵ʱȫûעĿͶҲĿͶź֪Ͻˮ롣
㰡΢Цȥ𣿡
ûСĵػһȦڳЩʿ
ȥ𣿡


144 
һ,ȻһģģЦݡ
ôҵĿڲ𣿡еڴе㲻ȷ˵,Ҳ԰
һӵʿʼ࿴
Ҳ㵱ʹȥͬܲٽ,˵һ·,ҲЩ˵һ䣬ոǲˣ
ͷһС黨,̧ͷ
ûС˵,Ҫ˭ȥأ
һ䳡
ؿ,ֻ۾ﶼдšͽвС
͵͵Ц
Ų,ĴѰЦԴʱµǺͼӺһƽ˾ʲô
ֻһλò,ɢļίԱͬѧת
һʿҲͰ,ҿδҪͼݴ񡣡
ŶŶ,Ҳʹ,Сĵ˵,ǳƽӳһ·ݵ,ǿ,һ·ҶߵãΪ߲ã
һ˷Ч,ȺĿҲˡ
˵ףȻǴ,˵,նܺ,½֪
˲ܲٱӺ˵Ϊ˳Ц
룬㣬Լ룿
۲һ·ȻǳС棬ɽ۲ǡ֪һ·ܲٺ˸ϡãΰʲôĺܲϸ롣
һԼӳһ·ɱܣһԼͲϰǵԹ
и⣬˵һΪʣֻʿװˣ
ȻҪĿǻͳµȥѰϰ彲ҲûҪ½ȥ̼˼˳ò棬ƽˮһ˶ѰˣѰ˼ϰôûҲǼǲġ
ƺûвֻۣҪ죬ҲղҲգϰ忴ϺôҲһǧʯķϣӦòֵ̫ѿɣ
˰壬Ѱһ·˼׵ʣͳµȥ۲ǣ½ֻͨʿųˡ
ǵӺַӾͿܱϰˣ±Ҫһ㡣һС棬ԥ̫ʷȴϼˣտһӰȥʡѸײڶ֮ƾͽ˳ǣʱʲô¹ʡ
Ǳߵķӵǲģ«һλֶи·ݣµլʵе࣬м׼⣬ֲ׼ٴģ˳ִȫ顣ѡԼһӵľӴһԥĸһ̫ʷҲʣµԥԱᣬױļҾǾס䣬Ͻңȵü԰ֲˡ
ǴҶ˼ңĲǮڵաװʲôҲȫָȥڣææµµװųµǾͳˡ
⣬ԥǸżӺֻ߸ųµǣȫͬĸоԥΪ˷ǳӣڼҶԺȲŵпӣǸֻҪˮˣȷҪ󣻼ӺԺ΢һ׷ʱҲҪ󣬱ʾϼȻԼ˯ǾҪһȾư˯ߣǸųԪһ֣½㷢ҼòϣΪƵģһмҾôϵġ
ȻôҲеģͣҰʱѰһ˼ͶޣµǵӲʰң˳ʰһ½齡
Ѭë̺ůֺʵȥ⻹в֪﷭ͭڵһʵҰ֮Ŷ
ɲʲôȻϺɸ۸ɣԼɫϣűװϻˡ
ûסͷˡ
ԪΪɶһ㶼أ
µǼһֻϺµǣ
ǲҪȥӪ𣿡
ʱҲͦŵģһСĺȥֶγ
µ⻰΢˼һ£ּһֻ۷󽫷ŵϺԵˡ
ûôΣգ˵˵Σյ㣬ſġ

ֱֱضԼµЦؽֻ۳ˣҨһ
ͷ֣⼸λ佫ֱ֮ˡ
ֱֱض
СӳԪһҲûܵĿѹڼسԳԺȺȡ
Ҳܺáô壬ֱЩ˯㡣
ҸоĻˡͻȻ
˵أȲҪ˵
ʲôҪģ˵Ƕճ£һ𣿡
ȻǣµϣȺ򣴨ϡ
˺е˼
ʲôϷ𣿡
ҲǸȦ˼ѧ˵뾫⣬ǺҲںģȻԺ顣
һսɽƲҲ̶ãʬҰҵܡ
˲ݵӱЩڳڣ䣬ֻ·ߣ뾡һа취Ҫӹ·֮ˣܿ⵽ݱĲɱҺ顣
ܲ𽥻ָݵĿʹõֶżͣ³Ѫζ
۲˺޹ϸǳս
ʱ½żݿˣЩСЩ̶ӣЩǱʿ
Ϊܲٵĸ֮أ￴һǰбĺۼ
ǳͰһ㣬ʿӭܲܲʱ۲ǵһģҲⳡսҽݵѪȵϴֻһƬͣ·а׷ܽǵͯдʮأŷĴȥŮȻҲææµµӽеĸˡ
ЩҲⳡսֻƬ͸¶ž벻˼顣
ûʲôСƺⳡսǺңԶǳҲңԶ˸ĵ˭ҵĺֳȥǸСѸ˭ҵĺϷ˵Ƭؼһٺô
氡п㿴ǳأܰƵϻͦ
ԣ
𣿲бĲܲһ档
Ǻܸӵġô˵иӵһ档
۲Ƕǵ̬Ȳ飬ҲڲѺáǱӭ˹齣˵Űݷһ³µǡ
Ⱥʿֵվڵģôֵ඼û½İֻ࣬ͻʱܳƽʱסڳµǺ㡣
ǰ洫һ̾ʱû뵽Ⱥû棬ΪǷʲôͻУææضһװͼܳˡ
Ժе̨վһλʮͷĹ٣۲ֻǴӹԺȻһ˿ĵ
λԴ̽յƵĹӡرһǵʱһĲ죬;ʱļҹһһǳĵܵܡ
ǻû˵Ѿһ¡
㣿
һǲļңǮ˰
еΣµǺҲеΡ
ǵδ֪֪ųµˣ˶ֻǰݷóµǣʮѿҲеΡ
Ѿڣʵû취ֻܼ˳ǰյ˰ɣ


145 
ʮͷʲôƷ,ȫ˽⣬Ǿ˲ۣǸ,ֱ֮˰ɣ
Լܵʲô,
һ˲ιʮº͵صͷЦЦ
ʱ,һС£˱ز,ΨɾϾ,ʮ־
µתͷȥԴ𱸵صһ,ʾ,һҲУͻǱ䣬ֳ׵ܡҲԼֻ,ûл̿,ôһ,ͷ,ҲЦһЦ,Ž߿ˡ
λԡ䵨־ʿ˴ʱ,ͬʱ,ӦȫעԼ˵񣬵ȴֹסȥոռǸꡣ
˵ò,Ҳ,˿㣻
۳,ɱİӶ,Ȼ򣴨ҲᲢۣ
̸¾ֹǸˣһ룬㽫һȥˣ
ƷУ굹ȷʵǸϾӣΪѡ
Ľʲô˼أ
·ֻˣϸ緢Ը񣬱ȻҲֳ˵һ䡣
ǿµġ
ʮֿ϶Լ̰ܵܲƶ֮ˣ䲻һʲô̰
ôΨһ˵ͨģǿʮֲѰ˵˵رѰ
йһòֹǾúܲ˼顣
ΪҲͰˣǡ
찡
½㲻֪ǸԴ̽յƵαܵܵĹϵƽһε飬ϯϣʼ»ǸԺӵƽװƲͼ
һӣ٣ҪһƷ֣ʱ棬һһţѾܵ
µŽʱľһ˯㣬ͼûл꣬͹һȥ˯ˡ
ǵ߽һʱȻֵ
۾ֺ£
Ϊ«µӣ½ͬµǵĹϵУʱԪ֡ʱͼʡ¾ͺ֡ˡµǵû׵ܰ͵˯£ֻ˵
ղܲҪǡ
ŶŶľͷˣҪЩʲô𣿡
ʲôҲµЦһЦֻҪȫ̲˵ˡ
ǲܲأͬ˵Ҳװû𣿡
ܲٲͬ˵µô˵
һܼ򵥵
򵥵ѰС
ʼתůȥܲٵһǸůǰݺһѩڡ
ǾĴ߽۲ǵĲܲٿҲˡ
λʮȻһ˴һϵ筺գ磬Ȼһ㶼ɰŵȷССġ߽񣬲ܲٱʮеվȥס˳µǵ֡
ȣе㷢㶡
ųԪ֮ϰֻ۾Цüֱˣҵü
Ȼ͸СѧʦͬѧƵģųµǵ֣ʼЩǴµǵˣ
½㶼֪ϰ֪
ӡз֮־ʼʮТ£ˡٵѲ֮ˣֱ֮䣡ԼֶûôǸգ
ϰҵشһµʱµҲ̿ʼ˲ϰ塣
˻ʱĴ˼ۡ
̽յʿиʮҵСͷˮҲػһۣ
иʿڴ΢΢һ£ûʲôӦ
ʿиʮ꣬Ŀת˹ЦһЦ
½ֽĿ⿴һ佫иݺݵصһۡ
˲˲ˣϰͳµǻ
λҵڴòˣµǿת⡣
ʹǰΪӺ֮¡
ϰ岪Ȼɫˤ˳µǵ֣ʮߵشֵ֮꣬ȴ˴ңЧսݶأͷѲ֪δɱ֮ԥΪ˵
µֻ̧ոձˤ֣أָ˲ϰϡ
ԥʵº壬˵ܹͬ׿Ľ飬ʮĽͬ˵˵ֿѣΨ֮ڹŶ
⻰ܲϰ尮ŭ˼֣ϵһпɫ
׿֮Ҳֱɱ֮ѹʣȰ֣׿û񾹱Ҷĺΰ
׿֮ӣµǳ̾ʹΪºޣҪΪܹ׿գֻڲѰᡭ
ԥݾдģܲҲ̾ѵұһҪȡ׼ôҲǲѶΪ֮˵ȱ֮ŹĪ˵һ֮أҵ۲Ҳˣ
Ѷɱȫңʲô²ۣȡѵ۾ͷﵱ壬
ǼȻ˵ŹҲǻˣǳµ׳˼ѡ
ǽ𲯣ϰɫһڻؾˣܻЩսĽʿɣ
ʳϰȻܾˣɫûôѿˣķʯת
׳һٳǰûѡ󣬳µǲ׳һѡ
ˣԥԸǧݽͻµǴɫּһ䣬вĺǣᣬ
ܲٺȻ˵ˡ
ﾲÿ¡
Сĵ̧ͷȻŵòһ
λ۵ᣬҡҡͷֵ˵ͷˮ˳ۿ˺С
˽֮ʿҲʹ޳ǷϺ֮ˣٹ飡
ܲȥλĺæǰһסǲݵԷλļ򣬼˺ѷεؿ޳
ǵȦˡ
мҲſ޳ˡ
ʿæǰȰο
ǸСͷæ֮лͷݺݵһۡ
ûӦ
ɵˡ
ϰãֹᣬתųµǵ֣һʱ˵ǸոտƵģֻһ˫
µǵȦҲˣܹ壬ңй֮磡޹־нʿԸΪܹЧЧ
Ԫ֪ҡܲųµǵ֣ҡһҡ
սҡ
ͬԥѾãȫҺݷ²⣬ϰ˰壬ԥݼĳȫٸҲӦ
¶ˡ
˵ֶԻûꡣ
޹һĲϰ˵ɤӱʾһ֪ݾЩ֮ʿϱҪº࣬Ԫأ갰أݵĿֵܳطӳ
˾е㲻ԡ
ϸһ£ﲻˣ
СĿǰΪռͶݵġԹ
ܲ⡣
ڳµ֮󣬲ܲһûԼ⻰Խ޴ңǸӹеرʾ
ԬԳݲĿ

ҺܵԥݳݣŲסϰø˵֮ʯǵÿԪ
Ԭ·֮ͽԥӢȺĽԬڻ£µҲʼ۴ˣǲө佫֮У½˵Уܹǵ÷񣿡
½һ飡
µǵָѾָ˹
С½פ۰Ƕܹйһ֮Ե
ϰĿϴ˸תתȥˣûӦ
ֻż
ºС棬ʹҲͬĪ棡һܻ֮ʿʱΪĻǵ
ܲļ򣬹Ц
ǳµҲЦ
Цһ£ûЦ
Ҫǿ̣ſڴ̨ӣϰͳԪȥ룬ٹ˿Ͱɡ
ϻһ磬ʱɢعȥϢһ¡
ʱں档
½šȻûкңҼװҿйԭɽͱյεġ
ǳµͻȻ˵ˡ
񰡣ܹţΰ

µһۣ˵˵
ⲻ̫˵
û£λոսʿѹûԱ߻ˣһ˵ȻѾ˵
ɾ˵ˡ
ͦ˵ģʵ˵Уܹ󣡵ģȲ
ͻȻһ
Ϊһλӣ䲻ظҲԸʹǵȶݾļı˵Ҫŵ⣬նɱʹʱͱܾˡ
ΪȣֻΪ
λ½Ļ֪ͦҪ˵֣컹ܲôӡ
ʱϣ֪ܿˡ


146 
һʼպܺá
Ȼǲϰͳµ,ʿҲһԴ
ĲѧʶֻͷæųԼġ
һ⣬ٺһ,һΰҰ,żҲһˮ塣ôѭųţ佫Ǳ䲻ˡ
Ҳ󣬿Ųʮ꣬Ȼ,ʮ׳ʵһǸ佫ǾƹѲ,ͷ,е㲻˳ۡ
ϸúͲܺмơ
˵γ˳Ԫ,λµĽ۲,Ҳǣ
һ,̧ͷһۣ΢˼һȺ,˵
ʵҲûʲô˵ġЦһ£Ȼͷˡ
½Լ̬ȺѺ,ԶԷôΪ
Ѱķͭԭ½
͵ؾվժһ׵,Ƕ,׹˺üźʯ,ƻһƬĹ⻪,µһ½Ϊΰ
ÿʵ˵ǿ۽磬Ҳô󡣡
ТʿһĳЦһ£½Ц鰡
λղТĽɫһ䣬ЦһǱıৣؾͳˣ
ġȱΣ
ÿվڴ֮Уӣݶ꽫ƫͷȥܰһֻס˶䡣
ĺཻܻһ񣬶ѹˣʮֽ
һ£һȥϺõ֬˿񣬡ʹ˵ͲҪˣ˼Ǹⲻġ
ޣ
Ϊʱס˺ʱվǰӸ£ʢˡ
½ҶˣβĽλһ
УûģǼǼмΪ˼ʯͷᲢۣ
ιƽʱǺ侲𣿲΢һѾһѳĺ˺ðɣ
ٷϻжݺݵ˵ˣҲһѾ㹻ˣƾʲôҪһССҲ
̹ͦʵġ
һ㶼
վԱγ˺С
ҵĽûʲôرģ˵ǶֻȾеѪ
˵仰ֻһ˵һҲûӳ˭˼
ĺȫ뵽ͬһطȥĲܲһ˲䶼оƾýġ
˲һ˲䣬ͫҲˡ
ˣҽյҪʶһҧø죬кΡ
ֶû˵ڣ
û극
ϻаֻѼȣǸƤִģȰԵˣȻʱһߣеúζҲܰԵģֻǸճԹ΢е壬Ե˻һѣ
ʱҪǶ㿪λТǵøİһ벻ɣ
һǱıϣ
һ˶Լͬס˺
رϣˡδ
ûֵһλܽǰ㣬ſûӲϡ
ﻹһƬž
λ꽫ոյĽһ˲̾޹ֺΪ֮Ϊǵȷǿ޷мܵĽҲ޷ֵ
ĺ˭ҲԸΪԼҴɫضһĻ
⽣ȷһýҧгݵ˵Ӳ½Цˣ
ЦЦæ˰ֲ֣ΪЦ㡣
ʴһҪϢˡıԼϯλµġ
ȥ·Ϻ͵͵Ц
ϸҲ
µǶһ崺΢ЦͰУЦеʼղ̨¡
ϰ忴Ǻƽ
ʿǻཻһɫλ꽫Ͷ佫֮С
յ͵վˡ
һħɽվˡ
˵һ׾ţؾҲ֣ӣһŵɱ˻ٵ첲ÿһ鼡ⶼŷˢڸС
Һ²õֻꪣϯ˹һߣһ߽ժϣΪ֣ΪԴ裬Ϊ¹Σ
ͷֿһѼȣʹվ
Ϊʲô轣һҪ˫裿
һΧȺô˫裿
ϯλһνСЩЦӡ
λТĵǺõ졣
׳ȫͬ׳˶жȴʮݡʶĺзѵꪻйģдиǲĽཻ
ܵͷÿһ鼡⣡
һСģѸһ̣Ϣһļʱһ磬һļһͣѽϹϸϸһӣ
֣סǱꪵ֦񣬽ȥ
δ־ˡ
ȷʵͦģ½Ķͷ΢΢߳һ㺹ֻУסҵĽ
δ󺺵ͷԼжΪꪣ촽һͻȻ˳ȥ
ϰ͵վ
λΪĴ߷ߵرסһľ͹ԣҧгݣ⿿۰Ǹӣ鼱֮һţ
һȺ۳ȥְ˽ŵ˦ɵһԣǱϰ߳ڷŹǸӡ
ȡ
С½ֱ̫òܹЦˣµǻһ崺磬ջתͷָָһ£Ҹ̵һҲݣұ
׼С½»صϯϣ͵͵ӣǿѼµô˵
ʮʵؽӷˡ
ҲĴΪһȺ佫һں
Ǹ׸ѧʱĹƵġ
ϰЦֱЩʲô˰λÿһϻ𣡡
𣿡Сʳµǡ
ԣµҲСһ䣬Ͻǿˣٶජۣȫݶ֪ϲѼˣ
ϯɢƾֻŴ̿ԵĲܲٻڳ˼
¼żȴ֮ͲŸֵݣõΣ
紺Ϸ־ȴƱȲܲٸ䣬ԼҲȥһ𣬹һõ˵ڡ
µݣƣѣδԬɶö̰ң¶ḡ̩ɽĲһƣڱϢѵ±ͼ
Ϸ־ôܽһ£
ݹܼݰˡ
һ֮£ܲٴϲסϷ־ֻƺôҲ޷ů֣£ҺñıϣƬ벻־㰡ôһ˵Ҿеˣ
ûжѪɫϣһ˿΢Ц
ͣϵȥЪ°ɣޱ£־ɰ壬֮£ٵȥæǣ
Ϸ־߳ʱͳµ½ŵû
λʿʮָˣͬŵͷ󣬽űԼһ
ݱˣйʽΪѣԬӦУɺ۵ʱˣʱ򣬸گ֮¡ۣ֮ҲֻܸΪǰ
ܲٴϯǰһץס֣ϲŵ˵ͷ
£־ŶıϣҪҰѹذôһ˵бˣ
˵ĽŲԶĽŲһ
ǰߴݲȣҵʮ
ǲʡĺĺԨвݵĺܵĽŲ
һȺ佫ʱǼһĲܲ٣ǽŵһ˲ܲؽ߷ˣ
ææǰʰһǽ壬ĺܻ࿴һۣͼ
֯ϯ֮ܲñսƣˣ
˱·񣿣ҵҲд⣡


ӽձಿѡ䣬ܲҧгݵ½¶ݰˣٵвǵĶ֣һ⣬Ԭ˵ʱ𼽾Ҫ̤ƽݣͷ֮ޣ
紺ҹЩ¸ʱһЩƣʱҲɢˡ
µڳϣ복
ҿϵЦŭǸϲ˽ˡͻȻ˵
µǡšһ
ƺͣؿݡ
š
ΪʲôҪɱôˣ
ݣΪݲơµǾ˵ݻڰ򣬱׼Ͳˡ
գգۣûӦ
񡣡

µǵȻú䡣
Ǹʿȴͬµ˵úü½Щ佫սײˡ
תͷλʿһۡ
ټЦĳµ¶顣
̿װһϺõ̿ĺҲ׷ȥŮһ̵ģһˮ
ܲչһ飬ҪоʱһֻССֺȻ׽ס۽ǡ
ҮҮһֻСе󲻽⣬˵ô࣬ľģ
λ׷飬СޱϣЦ˵һģ˵˵ǲ¶ˣҮҮ͸һǣ


147 
Դ뿪,ƽԭ½㾭ҳһ˵ûʲôĵ¡
ΪһȺǻΧ,ǰƽԭʱæտ,ԥ̫ʷȣسĹܻȥ,Ȼᵣļʲô¡ҪȺĺܺ޲óͦģ
۲ز,Щ,˼ˣ˼໫Ƥ,еɽƳɵƤ,Ȼе,ͦů˼,ʳµҪҪүҲš
µǾܾˣܾ,ۡЦ
Ͳ۲ǵ·ôණأӶӲѡ
,˵,һ·ϵôȵĺ硣
µǿһ,û,Ҳûһ䣬򵼵ʿ
ɱңôҡֱ׳˵ȻϵµȺ佫ɱңһʲô
ǸЦԱ䲻һ䡣
䣬⼸֣
һ£ţλͺǿ
Τξ׳ңЦϾѷһµʿ
ָܾһ룬û
ӻλҲûټ⣬ʮʶȤµݵľѧҳʲô飬ʲô⡣
ܾʲôƵģ֮¶ûꡣ
ʱֳǣͬµǿ⣬̲ס´һ
ֹ
װû
ȥһ·϶ͦƽ˾ģеĲϰû۲Ƕҹ׷ɱǣʱ꣬ȥʱһ·磬·Ѿ͸͵͵һ̵Ĳѿ˾ͺˬ
ˬʱˡ
سǵСȻϵǵģһǸе㲻Ծ
Ȼǹģ߹֮ڱָָ㡣
ʲôƵġľľ˵
µҲֳһ죬зƽ˾£ȥţؼҿǡ
ʲô£
ʮʮƥÿһƥ϶˴СڳоͲҼ٣һ·СܣŰյĿ⣬ӲͷƤϡ
Խߣ·ָָ˾Խࡣ
ˣŮˣ콻ͷӶм˷ܵػ˱˹һǸüë߸𣬿ҪɳۿƵģûˡ
кµı͵͵ں棬ڵ˼ſʱѾһ֧顣
ſ·ǰҲ¹ţָˣĳ޻ΪЩ͹ƽӡǡ
˼ǣֵӦͦġ
Կſ˹еգûӦ
ӱӰŵǸˣһϸ˾תͷ
Ȼֻ۾һƬͷûǿ˳

⺺Ȧˮһ¾ˣ
ţϥת˸ͷ
󽫾Ҽ޶һɣ
ãȻ޴ܿһȦ
ȺΧ۵ΧһԲ˷ܵطһม
о޴ˡ
ĲݱС棬и˳ӪҲ½ʶ½ѾΪ½ʱС泷ݵıоͺ֪λȥϵݣһ⴦ˡ
סһǷκ
һճԱӪɹ̫ʿǰȥĲͻȻͼһеӰ

ǸСپ˹κкηԸ
ĻӪУκ˵û٣
۾ιʸ٣
㻹֪κӺϱ˷ܵµ½֪ɣС½ԥݵĽˣɲֻݣ޶һң
ݺǱ״һ㣬ûӦ
ҡޣ
ǰκͷС˱仯ϵģͬȥС½ϸ磬
Ǻӵһͷ
ֹһ̧ͷС
װΣɫ
ɫõúܣʳǣİɣ
κˬʵ˼ϸһ룬ͣһͣ
Ǻ΢ĵı飬ͻȻ䲻ֿ˿ڣС½ڻûңϺ׽˵һҪȢһλŹŮΪˡ
ϵһһãҧסˣСռ١
κֿһڰļ
ȥɣ˵˵Ǻӻͦɰģ
ͬԭرȥ
һƣС½ɾ಻һȢףʱЩס¸ЩڡŮ죬ҲѧЩգԭǸɵˣȻĵһǮ
˵ƹܵǮֵһᣬҲʵʵڵǮǸܸɵˣŴС½ɾʱҶСݣŮСɺͰݣһס½ɾ׺ˣǰסַھҲԹúܺá
Ե˵ѰһԱʱͬǲŵġ
滮úܺãҪչСɺͰݣҪһݼױðЩأ½ɾԸģǰ׵ĻҲͼˡ
Щ滮Բ
ͣܵһ·С½ĸۡҪʱֿֿտձ˿ᣬ˼ȥһƥţŹš
κ˵С½ȥݣܺͬļһ棬½⣬С½Ǹ֮ˣ˵Ƿžˣ
ûͬƺһҲû䡣
˼գСС׹ưķټżվµ̨ϣ䵭˺Ưܷһ㡣
ԼǰЩ˼ˣеĿֲ㹩ֺݣһ·߹ϵױҲԵЩ
ԭƾ͸ЩǹԼЦһЦ
ͬģûһ첻㡣
˿ΪǱͱ׾Դ
ѾˡƮƮ˵
һգǲѡæ͵ҡ
֪˭Ĳѣͬ˵Ȼˣÿһǻ㹩һ뷹ģͲٴˡ
紺ĺ绹䣬Ķͷȴ˺顣
֪һϣüˣѰҲûʲôӸԼӽӣһǸ˳Сˣȴģ
ͬģұϾСĵ˵Ͼк
һ˳С̽˿ڣġ
Ļڰ·ϣôҲ˵ȥˣβŽһ䣬Ҳš
ʲôŵģҵҰ˿ɶˣͬ˵Ҷ֪˭ô֪
һȦ۾עǰԺһĻͬƺûˣǲ󱳵ĺ͸ˡ
˵ԹңԹҵͺӣŽߡ
ͬźȻ˼¡
Լգ⻰˵ڡҧ˵֪һ·ô𣿣
һСˣһ·ôģ
ǲͨʵˣ뵽֮ǰ˵ࡰҰˡĻ뵽˺ܶ಻£Ҳʹ
ûиϵеǰҲáҰ㶼ģ
ͬסˣ˫۾ôģɫԺе
һͻȻڣ
˶ںϯûע⵽ҵĽŲ
ͬŰӳʱһˡ
һŻŵСϱһƤ׵ò˵СһҵһСкͬĵĽŲ̫죬˭ҲûϣͬŰӳ嵽ǰ
ƿڴȥ
ˣ˳ͻȻ߽Уȥ
ɺ༸佫еػ࿴һۡ
ʲô𣿡
ļſڹˣ˳ü˵¾ȻзС洦񲻻ƣ
ûͼϢ˽øЩΪҪ򣿡
Ž뿪ݣҾ£˳̾Ҹоɣһ·
ҿһ䡣
ǹ͹ɡ
ƣ˳˰䣬ֽ˻ȥ
һȦݽԹϺ󣬻ͻȻ˸˳ֹ˼
δ
ڳΪ˽Ϸ棬ǽȥҲùǣ


148 
˵,Ѱһ굽ͷֻҲ٣Щͻʫѧ¿е´ѧ,˿Եĺϰߡ
ҵԿһ,ɽͷβʵҲٲ˼⡣
ͦεġ
½һ˵ɡ
ʿҲ׷ǰţլԺױæܳȸ,ҿʼֽĬж
ȻĬ,Ķ,ֻ۾һֻڸɻһֻҪֳŽߡ
ֻǽǸݿĺӴ,,Ⱥױʮź,ôһ⣬˶˵˷ܾȥ˲١
С,Ůϵˮûһ
Ǹֱ̾
ЩӶã
á룬ָ˿,ʵܹ黹á
ÿ⿴һȺݹӳԴȣ½֪ôȺĴƯĲ˹òá
ʹǿ֮,˵,С԰ˡ
ͷ,֪ʲô
ˮһڡˮ
һ̧ͷ,ź࣬Ҳ㲲ϣֻȦرۡ
Գһ·ˣʮɣ
ã룬Ҵǳһ·˵㣬·Ҳ˰ģûʲôί
ı΢һ㣬һСĵ̽
ͬ̽
޸ĸˣǼڣˣչЩûʲô˵Լһ㡣
Ȧˣž͸˸ͷ
СˣСˣС֪ͬĺСˣСҲ޷ӰͬļδټޣС˲֪С˲֪ΪβԸСأСǴˣҲһ˺Ϊβϡ
ر¡
Ǽͬ⣬СǶںţ̬Ҳˡ
ϦͥԺ·֦ҶҲȾʮĹԡ
߶߶˵ʲôӻͳһͭڰϣСĵķһƣڴؿ
˿ͭȻǸյİϦĹҲСԺר־ظ԰ӽˮһСԴðһ̸
ǫƺһͭ͸šȻǵǸܺû㻨ǮֻթڼҵС½ɾҪûͭǣֻҪкǣҲѽ
ϧ˼СûصͽӸûСһ
ǴһͿ޵øèƵģŤӲԸˣôҿһЦ
ǵðǫ𣿡½ȻӶֵĻѹôһ䡣
ȥָһ
лˣС˾ˣȻԸټСˣС뿪ǡ̧ͷ˰˵ֻǽС˼һ𣿡
һָһ
СмңΪڻ°ǺС˲˼磬СżȻضǼȵĵطȳȫأֿһͷС˵ĲǣС˲ǿˡС˼һ𣿡
ȥһʣһŮһֻİݳˡ
ʱ˯ˣߴﹾز֪ЩʲôֻצӷӶ˰죬˴սһ⡣
̫Тˡ
ú棬һצҲһ㶼Լᶼˣôſ˺ð죬ؽĿƿ
⺢ܸŽĸݺ˵ܸ½
ûУ˵⺢ӦǸĸա
⻰۾¶˹ʣִ˴֣˲·˵ʲôֲ˵
磬ֱ˵ɣЦЦǽҲ
ȻһԺ󡭡Ժ󡭡ͬĻԭС𣿡
ô֪˵£ڲ㣬ԺҲͷˣȢ¸ˣЩˡ
һָ˸ͷ
ˣС˱ˡС˵С޵£Ȣ¸ƽھҲûʲô֮ͬС룬Ժÿµ»ףСǺ
ƺ⻰תֱܾ֮ææּһ䣬ǽټҲ޷С˵»ףԭ͸ø⺢ӵġС˾ǵҲԹԡ
һǽ֮
̲סˣʼ
׿һֿ˻ȥСһϱ
СϱǽվߵԾæµ߻ͬԡ
ôģ
ͬͷҲû̧ôˣ
ĽߣҲǲѵ£ϱȰĶôǸѽ
ȷǸˣǰҲ֪֪ȣͬı˱ϵߣɫԣææѰһߣʲôϵ
ȻڹˣסĺӴ˶ϧѽϱĶ䣬С˵ͬӣһ룬С½Ȣ¸ʱԼأǴһ˹ף֪֪׵ģΪʲôҪŹ
̧ͬۿ˿СϱЩǰΪġŮӹףҪһ˲ŰȫЩ
֪ʵֵƲʲô
ĬصͷѡһɫƵߣ¿ʼһ۽ǣϱ㼱ˡ
ͬӣ㵽Ҫѡѽ
ʵͬһ£һƫˡ
˶ԼһССѪָЦ
ɩ㻹𣿡˵һУѡģѡģѾѡˣ׷ĽҲǱѽ
鲻ˬͳԸСɡ
ԥ̫ʷرĬص䷹Ȼ䷹ҪģҪĵ֮нΣȫûоȣ
ܾųֵܱظʹ̫ʷЦһͼ¡
ԥûһЩ˵ų붫갺ֽཻһ飿
̫ʷȼһ⣬ұʾͬ⡣
˴
ɾ
Ҽҳô£˵Ǿסᣬôܹܣ
ԥ̫ʷһգգۣգգ
˼ҷ޵£̫ʷ˵ûɾôܣ
ѾǷˣ
ˣԥ˵ҵǲó¡
̫ʷյ˰ʾƵģ˵Ҹóˡ
һӴܵǧǡ飬еƣǣҪ¶ϣôأ
˵ֲʲô£ʡ
ҲƵصһյơ
ɾԥ˵Щ±ϡ
ΪŮ֮£ҳ𣿡
ԥҡҡͷһ룬Ϊʲô뿪ԥݣ
գգۣתе죬ûӦ
ʱҶҪһ˵ҲãҲգ£ʵǱ
ΣвܹˣܱȫСʱܽһ£ȱæȢ޵ĺá
Ҳԡ
Ŷˣ̫ʷ̽˻˵Ҳһλˡ

һʴҹɵһơ
˳ǲȵģҲûţԼ׷ϣãϸ飬ҲƬͿһЩ֬⡣
ܾ²ԡ
һʱûӦʲô£
֮ǰС½ȥ˳˵ȴЩȥ͵֮⣬˭֪һЩڣ
ɶžյ﷢Ҳ˽
üЩĺҡҡͷˡ
ּס
ѵ˭𣿡˵뻵С½
ֺܿؼһ䣬С½Ůɫġ
˳ҡҡͷûǾͻأĻϣǵóգκǧǰȥٽ𣿡
Ȼǵãʲôɻûףٽﱸ£оζɺӣȥࣿ
˳ֿһۣſ˵Щʲôȥ
ֻǲǡģҶǲˣһ·ƯˣҪָĳһͬԽĻԹޣǼΣգֱ¡
¿ֻǸصȤ£С½Ϊ檣Ҳκ⣬»˭
˳ֻûɵؾʲô²ԣվֻ̾һҡҡͷס


149 
½ǵ,µǲϵġ
и鷳ҪܲٱΪ̫أ«Ϊࡣ
ܲ͢ϱַ,ȻΪϵиĳ
һƮƮ,ʲôȴ֮
«ȺǵĿ֮ⱻܲ£Ķ⣻
ǼͶܵСˣ׶ԳϸĴɵ,ίΡ
Ϊʹıϰ岢׷ԼļıЧ,ֻ߹·,һӲӶѡ
˳µڳ͢Ĺķ֮ǰͬһУҳϻ̳Ͽֵظ,Լס
Ԫкδ˵,Ԫ䵨־,֮춹ŶѵñҲ
˵⻰,ǲܲ,һԪҲ뷽跨ӢУ
µһʯͷ˵أȻǸ˽ܳ,֮ԡ
,иҪҪ,ⶨ³̡ǵڶ,䶼ټ
½ȽϲңΪ飬ܵһ·Χۡ
ֻǿЦһЦеЦ٣еЦζȺͲЦˡɢļίԱһ֮Ťתԡꡱĺøжȡ
Ȼ״˵м족
ƾʲô˵Ҳм죿µ˻˻ǲˣ
ȺƳһۡ
̰ɫ
һ¡
ǽ֪˱ӣίԱ˵㲻𣿡
ôҾͶ˱ӣ˵ǶҵĽַھӣҵԼÿ滹иأҲģ
Ǹںլңλ䣬Ƶ껹ǲΪҲǲм졣
ΧˡۡЦ
ҿԡ
ȭͷе⻹ԥ֮ڶһٵԼˡ
ԲˣΪ˽£顣
Ⱥڲˣö˶ģǸС°ͣƮƮƳһۡ
һ١
ܲټȻҪųͷ²Ͳܺ麡¾͵øϽ֮⣬«˸ѡ
ҽԬ񣬡«˵ӺΧʱų˵ҪϢһ꣬²ɲ
üëΪΣ
һ룬ܲٱԬܣȻ

ݣսƣȻҲ
һ£¹ǵԬ
ܲٽıأԬıǻȡݣȥͬһأ
ȻԬܺͽ⣬￬趵Ĺϵ䵭ˣ¼ûѵġ
ֻҪԬսޣͲͬܲٶ֣һѰ
ҪģȽųȫҽӹô˵ųֵܣݡ
ܲأ˭Ҳ˵ãϾھôڼǿ밤һҪһԬӡ
ӺСİ·ųŮҾףʮߵС⡣ҲûʲôΪǧݷ²ߵñǿ첻˶١
˵Լܴܵǰʱ̱ȥҪֵ̫ߣʵڲݵؽǺ޲һ·ܵӺȥˣЩӼԲ˯һԵƽһ߳ʱǡˡһͼû赹ˡ
ȥСĺȻûôԶԶһƬšʱü
αˣλ۽˵ЩݱͷϳڣײίΣһˡ
ǧǰˡͬλЦһµĵؽϿˡ
۽Ȼû仰Т⣿
Ĳˣг¹ˣ갰Ե̩ɽˣвܱܺĵˣТ˵֣
ĺüһۣܾ仰ʲôطԾ
Щ˶Ϊã˵ʲôֿɿ
Сʱ򳣿ڼҵ֣ǵȴ̫ʢֵ֮仹мЩ˸ܾһͬΪãȻƽͣβ֣
һ仰ԣͼذĺҲ޶֮ˣתͷ
ѵҲ֮ƣ
ʿϵЦݵһ㡣
־֮ƣ̾˿ֻǲ֪ܲܿȫݵһ졣
ݵ˲ֻһ֧¹ҲЩӪһƬæµʱ¹ȴˡ
ǧ֮ڣΪ˺ȴС֮УԱɺ
Ĭضƺҡһҡǰĵصһյơ
ҽСף˴ؽ磬кΪ
λıʿȥסյƣ࣬ǫ󣬷ǵΪҪ˼ȥԼЩϱս꣬ƣ֣еݱֲܲһƣ֮˧֮ڣҪƵһ֮
һ˲۾̨
ųֵ£ٴһһʰ񲻴
¹˵Щյָ±΢΢һҺ˺Щۡ
⼸ջججͬκҲؼУҪôӪУҪôȥĸƫͣб¹סȻͬ£
С½ҽ񣬡Ƶ˵֮£
Ҫȡݣֲ½ͷ¹յ壬ѵ㲻ôݣѵĵܵܣС½ô
⻰˵иɻһҲûע⵽ĽŲ
ųֵڵžʱλԲƾˡΪ˳֮һĺ£ŵܵǧл˴˽ֺüεŰݷù½㡣
ǴܲԾ
͵ܵƷβø˵Ȳ𲯣ֲɼԸ߽࣬ʱˣ˴š
òǺף⻰˵ڵģ̽һ䣬׿Ϊôˣ
һļϣ֪Ȼϲ֪ͷʮֿͣȻҲʮַġ
ĸʲô
͵ؿλ˼СѸٷˣ߹Ц֡
Ȼ󣬴ſڵļϣˣ߰˸Сˡ
߰ݸͬ䶼ܴʮ굽ʮ겻ȣûͦٱ׼ϣ㣬һͷȺС˾Ϳڳơȵһ
ϯˣ׼ȷ˵ǹģȻ˵Ҳԣ
ʲôоԼҪ׿ʲô
Ӻʱ˵Щ˵ɷսˡ
Ȼأ
ǶҼҵĲ˽ǵĸĸŮȻ
Ȼأ
ȻָһŸ˵ٰعѣͬ˵λ꽫δȢȢ˸ŹŮλƷУضҲܻһǡ
վԼرİر֡
Ȼأ
λһԼл⣬ȵźȫߴ·ĺļ
Ƕһ㣡һλ˵ǶϲͶ
һȦЩСѸԼΪʲô˹Ѹߡ
׵ǣΪʲôʱͻȻţ־ֵ


150 
ʵһΪõ硣
в֪ƮĻ,Ĵ磬кͯЦԶԶ
ĴеΣеٿٵذ塣
,ԶԼǰԭͺɳƵɤӸˣ,㿴
㵹ǲ,λֻҪѵܻܵʲô϶Ӧˬʵͬɴк,Ȼתͷ
ЩŮӡ
׿ȴȥ,С˵Щ㶼ܺ,ȷʵ
˼ӡ
мڴСϵڴתΪʧ,мģƳһ,һݺݵصһۡ
װû
ǵһ۵ǸС˿ܾô,ҵĻͺ,ʱǰһ
òª뽫,ЩѵҲûһе𣿡
,ε˵,ֻס
Сǰһս,ôǣ
ҿ
ú˼,Цеؿ
ƺҲú˼,۾ڿ
ʲôҡ½˵,ֻһͨġ
һʹ࣬ʵ˵ȥˣֻǿлһ⡣
λ㰡αأ
Се벻һ˲仯ΪЩ㶡
ŮǷһû˵ʲôҲ˻Щ˵Ķ
͵ܼпͣұ㲻ˡ㿴һЩСˣЩŮӰһ˳ȥ
Ȼ׿֣Ǹ
ǲ檵ģⱲӶ檵ģɶ檵ġ
һ˲ȻˣЩСѸԸ檣û˿İء
ǹѸʹṩԼĲЩѸҲټޣǱ޸һʿȻ̬ԼٵһιѸǿĿİ׾ŹϣλС½ĸǸ൱ѡ
õٰҲõĵʹһ㡰ˡϣֻҪܹȶգѾ
룬ֻһױԸ˼䡣
һԺԺһ˿
½Ҳ֪˸ôǣԥҪ֪Ļܺ޲ö첻ԷλС½ӲͷƤ˵һأܿ֡
ļζ
ҵĴ𣿡
ִ𰸣һģп͹һģĸ
Զ˵˵
Ǻ֮ô˵һжȻģǲģ漰˶Ŀ顪ǿ߲ҪںĿ
͹һġ
ã㣬ͬһˣһᣬ㣬ܷˣѻˣɢʵͬסһ𣿡
ʲôⰡ˵Ȼᰡ
ھӣܶæܲҡ
Ǹûϵ˵ǸѻˣҵȻҪӰ
š
һ˲Ȼ׺е˼ˡ
ʱǸˡȻһ·ͬλѻ鸾ˣʹҲû氲סǼԼĺլΪɵġ
ǸŮˣʶɡ
Ϊʲô˳Ⱥ֮ûָأ룬ΪѾǼصĽˡ
Բں˵Ŀ
żǻںġ˵Ҽ಻˿ˣǴ󲿷³ܲҡ
ٲأ
Ҳܲҡ
ںе͸Ų죬˵ԻøΪһ㣬ѾΪһ㡭
Ҳں˵Һںңôڵҡ
üûˣˣȺСҲˣ
о𣿡ʡ
е֣ǰǸɲȾơ
׼ȷ˵ȻǺȾƵģԾûʲôİãֻǳԷʱһ㣬ʱһ㣬ʱһ㡣
ɸ˾ưȴĬŵյݸһյԼöһ£һյƺȾˡ
ôˣС˭𣿡
ѾȫȥһҲȥһĺۼࡣ
ط꣬˵δŰݷù
ǲǰݷù𣿡˵ҰĴ
Ǹϸֳһ˿Ǹݷá
ʲô
ֻ۾ƿǶ˺ܾãҷԡ
̹ʣ
ǵڶεˣָһƣҶˣҪڵģô
¿Ϊλأ
ţΪ룬˵
꽫һκȹյеľƣһҲæ
Ǿͽ¡
һõĹ½ߣɤӲ̫ãҲûʲôĲɷЩĶǣɻúרġ֮ɫڵרעƶˡ
ֺܹĸо
˵Ĺ£˵
һ仰ʱ̫Ѿб֪Ʈһƴ̣һ˿㡣
ˣһҲûҪߵ˼
Ը𣿡
һ̣¶С
ҵ⽴ܺóԡ
˶ʲôңҲûʳ޲ϰߡ
ŷʱɽһĹ¡
ʵЩڲݹܹĴʱѾ˵һ飬Ⱥ˴Ǵʤ˵
ɲںЩҲһһ
Ĺ༫ˣһҲסǾ޶һطշתȥһطеҪ֧ݱеǵɡˡ
ǵʲô
һ룬һơ
һѺõԼҵģǱ˼ҵġ
ãذϧ
أûе˵ʲôпĻֱӾˣδ㣿
ҲҪԼһ͡˵
Ƶһ£ھҺҪʱѾʮؽƺ·ոͣĴһ㡣
Ǻܺáôһ䣬Ȼյһڡ
̫бɽ
ݴ･ϸ΢żһֻӣżһֻӣţ˺ҧţڹǽһ·Զ
֪ӳյԵʣȷʵˣ֮µź죬ƺ۾Ҳһ졣
㡣
˺һǸͺܲ˶ڣҪΪѾ֪Ůˣѹ̫ѾҵĺʱɺȻֿˡ
¡˵Ǹʲôˣ
ˣ룬ǿܿϵ
Ȼ˯ô׼˿ͷٵˡ
Ҳ֪׾ɶȵҹ׼ʱλƣĹȥ׼Ѹٵض㿪ˣ
ôˣ
Űܼװ򶨣ûʲôԼߡ
ҷе㻳ɡ
վȥһ´վλõǰŵߣأҡҡλεأ߹ȥˡ
ں档
͵תü
֪˵
أҡҡλεأַӵĺŶȥ
·ʱͣͣͷ
ֻ۾ֱĿ
˶ë
ǷһѣһǺԺҪνҲΪǿһΡ
ɾƷУȸˣǺܰظ˿ԣֻϿ׼뿪ʱȻץסĸ첲
㡣

ɫѾӺתΪ԰ˣֻ۾δȥ񰵰ȼһѻƵģһؿ
˵οԥݣ
϶ǿ˰ɣ


151 
תů,ݳݺɣ֮Ҳ޶ֻѵһŮԺ̺,ƾСˮ,һ׼,ŷϷ־ų,һ
ʹ֮ʱ,λʿѾһȦʵ,ɫĲҲԽȾԽοһ,絶ʣֲתͷ,ֻЦŷһѡ
մ,־ɫҲü,Циҳȥ̤,˵ŮƵƵģ
Ϸ־Цеؿһ,ʱˡ
δ˼Ҳ޷
λʿȫƾ,ŮǰΪ̺ӸǺúڷһʵ̾
Тϱ֮Σ
ԹԵصһյ,ϢΪ,ƽ,Ԭ⼸жˡ
ڣпݹ,Ժ
Ҳȥϸ
ɿ
ǵˣЦôɿ
Ϸ־һֻݹ᾵֣һյˮеľյһӨľҺ˳ڰϡ
һžյһ־ǵˮдһָ֣ڰʱƺָ⣬ֻһĽǡ
Ҫȴ֪Ĳ뵤֮⣬̩ɽ갰ԶפҲһ֧С
Ϸ־ŲԸд̩֡
Ѿر̩ܿɽˡ
ž޵ıʿҲǰеη壬ηǶôʶһʱۿȻӿһˡ
ʲôҲûֳֻ΢Цŵ˵ͷ
ۡصˡ˵¾ݣδȣǿķ
Ϸ־ŽǸָ˻Ůһ̷ϸԲһ֡
Т֪ҡ
֪дһ˵֣֪Ϊβд֪ƮƮһ½˼ϡ
˼׮Щ˵ļıһʱԶС£صס
Щϸ֦ĩڵĶѾϷ־ŸȤˣ͸һϣɹ׼΢Ϣһ£˳һ룬ûһûǵأ
ԺƺӹһӰӦòʲôҪΪҪϸһǵ˭ΪĪʱǸӰѾԺһƬڰ
һƬڰξһ۾ϴ¡
ƺѵñ磬վ¿졣
Զкһ䡣
תͷܺЦЦ
ҽͷеʹ˵ҹƹȣŵˡ
УȶҲǺܽһˣ˵ͲǸκ
˵Щˣ˵Ҳ֪ǲ˵ʲô˵Ļ
ҶˡԵ
ûУ㵹ҺüҼ¡˵ѵ֮ǰһ棬͸ôӡ𣿡
ɵɫһҲû䣬ɵЦ
¹뽫һˣһʮֺ棬ˣҹŶ˼䣬Цˡ
ҲԾһ룬ֵۿɼܴ򣬺һһ£ȷʵͬһ
ɲδóʳҪӪȥֻſڣעҴȥıӰ
Ҳ֪׸ġ
½ֹʱ·ϡ๾ࡱľͽˡ
վڳϵĳµ˵֪ҽҪ𣿡
ǣ˵ͱһѡ
޵ѣ
ţԶ˵Ǻǰʶˡ
µǷˣӳݳ³
ã˵·ңýһݾѧ£Թ
ҲͰȡе飬͹ȥͺá
µƳһۣҸ㿴һ顣
㲻ѧԣҲھѧ˵ز
ҵµһ߿һߺˮһ߻й϶Щʲô
˵֣룬һֱңҼǸʲôˡ
Ŷµǻڿҵ
ҳºÿռʲô
Ŷ
оǡ룬οҼ
µһֻ֡

ʣ˵мѧʲͨдҸ㹴
Ǹͦõ
ȥӪпһ̫ʷȺԥ˵úܲˡ
ҲԴŽȥһȦȻҪȥһ⣬гС飬һ磬ʱһֻᣬһ㣿ҪͿ
ëԡ
ҧڰǰһһֵдҵµԱððҲ֪ɶõ뿹飬û˵ڡ
µȰѻ˵ˡ
ǸԶȷΪ֪ѡ
̧ͷôģ
Ƭĳ¼Ҵһ壬д𣿡
ͷ
ҵд̫ˡ
ſڣŲҴҶʱֱȸԾһ¡
߽Ժеһһ˲˲ԤС
Ԭģǲƽ¡һǵϲĹ꿤Ǹϸİ뵺״¡һǵĻף˲ҪɺܾãҾжϳԬȡ꿤һ·ϡ
ڴ£вͬ
ΪԴߣΪ¡
չʱᣬɢ侭ײʹԼıóȻ䡣ϳɳصĿ
಻ס«Ǻͬ⡣
һԱͽʧҡӺһϡࡣ
ҿʹǰܲݱһ㣬Ⱥ˵Ҳǻ
üͷʹǰΨһǣĵıȺ׷ĵϱʹʬδģ
«µǸӻཻһɫ
֪ԣǫ֪֮ģλ˽ݽϣƽԭǲǧԱı
ݶĸҲ̫鷳ˣǫЩݵ᲻аŮֱּ̼Ѱһ֧ӽϣҪŵȺϸǸһ
˭Ҳû취ָĹǫʹָҲûʲôã»ǵףνǫͬƫµ鷳
ξ̾һ罫ݣεɡ
½µǺȻҲ
½еµ̧ͷĴ

үүҲ࿴˵Ŀⶼе졣
ϾλС½֮ǰڹ̫أԹ꿤ʮϤǸ۲۵ġ˵Сسʲô
µǵ̬ȼ
Ԭڣں֮ڣ°ڲܲ٣ʿ䣬µǵＸ͸һɾζ
ǸͿˣһ˲˳µڵʲô
㣬תǹս³ԽٽȥΣ
գգۣգգۡ
سǺĵҪɵʲô
Ҷæ˵ֻҲ̫æ
Ҳæ
ԬϢ̾ᶫ갰ԸСһš
дʮУһ˵޵УɱĹȻշת֮䣬ʲôʲô׹½֪
갰޵ʺã˵ʱʱ׼ͬһ
֮⣬⻹˽뼸ƥ
߶ңһĴȣǴʱСˣϱȥô
˳˼ؿ
һǷţ߼Ȼȥҿ⼸£ÿȥһȦ
˳ǰһȡǷŻһͬۿ
дȻޣǸⷨͺܲԾ
갰֮⣬ҿ˳ǰһ׼Ȱ˵ʱһ
½֪һ˵Ȼȥѣҵȵ޸ìױ׳ƣ
д⣡˷ܵشӺվһǧճÿСǲˣ
˧ܳȥӰоʣµĶһƬݵĳĬС
˳üԶǺ⣿
ʣɵһ㶼ûɫѷʹͬ갰ô
λĬԵĽ˼һҡҡͷ
갰Դ˾٣ͼı
ʲôͼı뽫ȥһˣЦͽˣ
У갰Լ¼ʿ¡
ʹҵϣͼȥǵܣжѵҶֲɣ
һʿɽ壬Σ׿Σѵ֮ʤ˲ɣ
⻰˵갰Ըеˡ
λѮĿ׳ȥһ
常ɱãɱңü˱£ġ
һ֧
갰Եͫһ˲˭ıжˣ
һ֣СµԼǧˣΪż׾
СʹУ갰ʹȡȡҶ


ȥ
갰ɿתתȥʱ֧ıѾ˳¡
ߣǰʮֻϲظߺѰΣ쿪Ű
һһưĽк갰һβŷԸȥ
ȡЩײ˵װɳߣ
ǣ
ΣΣλ̾ᶫĺǿҧгݣܲٽսұɱͷ֮ޣ


152 
ͦġ
Ȼ֮ǰܲ·Ҳûɱ,갰Ǿģ³һƬﻨ㣬ŮŮ,ƽְ
һȦũ̧ͷʱͺã
ߡô
дߡ갰ڳͷҧ,ѱճǡա
ϸһ,¶֮ɫ,šôͳġ
⹷갰Сһ,ȻֳɤӺȡ̫塪
£ذ˰,ԺѰΣ
һ亰ʱ,ͷʮϷȻͣˣ갰üˡ
˱ллȡ
ɿͷϰԼԴðײ,ûùĻƵ갰,ֿ˿ŲӴ󺰴е,ܾһĻ˵
ô󺰴У갰Ծǲţʮźصתͷȥˡ
һȺײʿҲŻȥˡ
̾һ
ɲǰ,ζ,
㿴ⶫΣ
˼һԲӹ,Ի˿Ѿˡ
ĵ˵,,Ҫ갰ԸĻ,Сһ¶Ҳ
ʮӾ൱,Լ죬һΣȥ
ҿ갰δԸ⻻
ҪҽǣƲƲ죬а취˵
佫ϣһףųݣ·ɿһİ
ʵѵСʱдô
ȻûУתͷܾؿֻһ·߹ﻹͦÿô롣
ֶһȻˡ
񼸺˽ţСȺݽÿÿж߷Ȼ潫ƽ
ڲظоȫڮٵĽ
˱лججֶӵһ档
ʲôʲô˭Ļ͸˭ܡܻڣȫΪһһ·
·ѵߵͷ
ԼˣСȻסµģųֵܴԼһֲŮС涫ˮӪһˮïֻҪ̣ʺ￪ֵء̣ǵ˱ضԱĲܲ٣ֵҲзḻ顣
¹ӪС涫ϣĵط
¹ʱûӪţܳˣŭܳϣ·ߡ

£˵ȥתһȦ
¹̫仰ȥʲô
Ŷ˷ͳǷţߺͬΣϧкߣӭǡ
¹˿һȺʿֿ˿һ׵ͬеļԱͺܲԾ
ڽǷſ֮󣬳¹ϵı͸Ծˡ
УΪβѽ
ŶǺνҲû
⼸յȷǱסСΧٺǿҶݷãÿþƸ̨Ҳק˳¹ȥʱʱȰƣȸڵء
¹ʱỳľٶģò֤ݡ
ȷʵΪǹΪ֮ΪԼȥľƣʹĴ£
׿ң¹Ŷ㣬׿ң
Ҳûʲô£Ȼν˵ȥתתͻˣ;лǱ߳ЩϺ´ȥϹ̨һǡ
¹Լҧÿ죬쵽Ǽ佫ſֹס
ûģԼȰԼ䣬ȴֺؿˡ
̨ӭң;ʲôô
¹ҲȥˣлҪ£ǻӪɡ
ɿ˸˳һۡ
༸佫ҲĬסߣ뽫һξ롣
Ԭ˵ºܲףƻƵۣȫµұ֮дϡܻǣ͸˳¹
ǽȡݣ¹˵Ԭ·뽫Ϊ̣ԭ֮أѵʲô˿Ϊ𣿡
ԥԥȡݣ
ȥӭԬֻŷ½ˣǧ½вǧ¹գǵǵسǣΪ
ãȻ̧ͷ
С½أ
ôʵˣ½ʲôͣɸвΪֻ֮ǧС洦вݱ¹ԼҲಿ˽ۡصˣ̩ɽɲǣʱٽŴ򿪣һ½ʲôΪ
ƣҺܲԸС½ΪУѵ˵ô
βܣ¹˵һʮͣݴʴޱȣʱС½յΣ
ǺãЩȷǸڳݼģ˵أ
˵ô˵㽫׬ٽմȥǧʿִ˵ֻҪ㽫ƭϹ齵ҹӪ
¹﷢źݣҲ֪ںںʮ½ջ뵽һ˵⡣
¹һʱˤΪţʱ°ױһӿܽҲý
ʧɫǡ
ܱսôݡ¹˵
ҺˣүµǵȵȵȣһӿࡣǲԵóš
үԼµʿ˿Υ֮£Ǿһٺô򡣴ʱҲؽ׸ᵽ˵ӪУÿƤ˷
ԥίȰΣЧ΢
ȥȰʱүӪп˴òˣԼӣǸֺֿݵ־ֱȼ񻹺ݡ
Ӫ䲻ֱõû̧ȥġ
Ա߿ľΡΡǰȰ䡣
үȻӦܽЩ䣬ҲҪչϣչǵȥǰֻЩ
үЦһ֪ʲô
ãȻطһڡ
үһԼŨֺڵĺӣô˵ɣǳұǶҲ˼ҹǿЩǮ⣬Ҳ
أ
ү¶һ˵սľЦݣ˼ʮӪǰֹϸһٺô򣬴ȣˮȣ¾Ϣعȥˣ
༸ġѵ˵ܲҲ
˵ûסֵǼˣү룬Ǽ˵ȷլʺ񣬿һ
Ⱥʲôڰ
ȻڣҲǵǫԼľ
ܱӪгĬһڽһڵغƾơ
Щǫ֮λɺݽӴ˵޳ͷ֮գ
ڲܱ򵥵ͷУǷֳɡˡ͡ˡģˣЩݰ㲻ˣδȥܲˣЩҲһƬƬһ¾ЩżȱЩǮãѰȡ֣ʲôأ
һС£Ҳֵŷǣ
Ǽ̧ȥĵÿһĶɣңеʹҲڿˮһ㣡
ܱ̾ܺͬ࿴һۣС㿪˿ڡ
˵ԡ
ܱͷҲû̧ʲôԣ
ŷɴ˾٣ȡһͷˡܺ˵ӪнԴԥݹҪģ


153 
үߵľ֮,½ҲȥԼľӪ
ıûʲôŴһ༽ʿһݱļʿ,˱Щ޲ø̫粢ĵԳƵ൱ʵżˣƭ͵ȥ˭ҵСѸ˽һ,Ǻֵ͵Ļһˡ
̫ʷȺڴй͹ļʮϱ,ѵ꣬ӡԥʮ־,˲ٹӪУҹͣضʹףΪЩװȻֻ࣬ǧˣÿ˶֪֪ף¡ũʵϱǸɾḻ,ÿڼӲ˵Щɢ,ǵ֧ӵĲҲۿɼһˡ
ԥֵõġ˵ͦСܲ㷢,ʿ,ڿ֧ݱȲϸ˳Ӫ,²Ҳˡ
ҾԪʧ,Լɶֹ,֧͸ôȥһޡ
ԥ̫ʷȻ࿴һ
Щԣ̫ʷ˵ò
һ£ʲôԣ
˵ԥݹҪЩˡ
ôܣһ£˭ģ
괺൤Ͷԥ˼һʲôųԡ
ԣȷʵ鷳
Ͳ֪ĸȱ¹ģ룬Ҫ֪Ļʹþһ١
µΣ̽һ䣬ȰǿһЩ
ٿᣬԵüļ⡣̫ʷ˵Ӫеǿ䱸жפǡ
سǵҲǵǫ˺ôӡ
ϧæȻյǷ˵һ䡣
ԥ̫ʷһ˲ʮ־ʣʵҪʲôԹɫҲ֪ʲô
æľ
ݹǸСʱǶһ꣬ݲ꣬ʿǶʲôͿ֪ˡµľӪʱЩʿһָֻ˺ɫһվˢŴڸС
ǰӭӵĲҲȺ죬ǳ¹
λʿЦվӪſڵ̬ʮһ
ϴε˲֮ͣʵ뽫յǸ
û£ǲںϴһȺӳ£һι̨Եˣ
¹Цͣһ£̼ЦЦú
оС
ǶڣֵظкκֹֻǴСȥ
С½ǿͣ¹˵⣬Ц
̨ʿ飬̫ڣЦǺС½ʲô飬ʲôġ
һ¹һӦþλãҿ׼ʱ˳˹
߽һк׼
˳ĬŲŲСŲŲϯӡ
е͵ض
һֱݹǶٶɵ˲£ԭǸɣ֪ʲô磬ܵȾ½ֻʣ¸˳һˡ
ڸ˳Ҳ̫ˣһףѾռռ䣬Ҫ߿һʲôë˳ɲһ˵׽Ļˣ
߽
˳˿Լϯӵλãֿ˿λС½ϯӡ
ϯӿҪһˡ
Ǹ˳һƽˡ
ܿһȦǴСУϤ
ڸ˳棬ĿһЦЦ
¹Цݵģʲô
ֻƺۣܹ黹ǰڰ֣¡
Ҳһƽˡ
Ա߸˳ϵĽƬĦΪ̫ʮУһᡣ
翪ʼˡ
ƺۣڿֻǾƾƮƮ˵˼䳡滰
С½һ࣬ϴεʵͻһС½磬Ϊ飬Ϊһ£Ϊ
ȡ¹һ䣬ЦһЦ
ܸоȽͷ
ǣĺߣȳɣˣͯˣԡʣӽ顣ȽڻǸϴĽգһϴ裬Ǿ׷ˡ
һһϴĽ飡һ䡣
ûϴκԽһ£С½˵ʲôˮ
⣡
Ǽ˷纮ͻȻ˵²ˮ
Ҽǵ컹һţˮġκе㻳ɣô֪ˣ
Ǻ֪ġ治ɫ
ʱ˷纮
Ͻͷ
䲻˵仰ˡ
С½ɽһ˯ģ϶֪
ɲ˵ˣͻȻưˡ
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155 
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һƬĺɱУꪱǰΧסҴ̣ʱʬӭսֻýذӭУֳֳꪣȴֻذף̼㽫˼Ѫ
СɽգƣҪԦȴס
Щʿ׳ս棬ʱҲ档ǶԣƺֻһܼĵѪԣǱŷģͬΪ˵ľսΪǵĵ縴
Щʿ۾ţ߳Ѫĭħһس
Ĳƺ·磬˼ΪҪߣҪѱøˣҪͨ裬ڳдɱӣʱȴ΢΢
ΧһƬ⣬˫ڵ۾Ҳ˻⡣
ǻ⽥ΪɫĹâԽԽˣ޷ֱӣ
ҹĻҲǵâӳʧȥ˹ԣǰǽٵһ˲ŷ֣ͬ׵һĹԲ񽣡ȱ½ذ׵ֻ֣
һѾˣ
ӳذףͬӳһεĳꪡ
壬ȴУк⣡
˵һ壬Ȼǵڶĸֱʮ˵ţ
ƫεѣ
żż
ҽһԽǻ𺣣޿ɱܣ޿ɶ㣡
ԸܣҲԸ㡣
ļ԰ѵҪοپһ˺ѷε
ǼꪴѪȻһɽһɵѪ˸еһѣ
ͷޱˣή
һسڵϣ׼ǰӳһʱʽĶС
Щԭڳеĵ⣬δһӪĵǣ
ǵΪǰЩȴˣ
㵵תͷʱ߰˸Ʊ
Щ߳ɣϸƤޱȣҲޱȣʱǰʲôǿ಻ܴ
ʣļʮƱͣԴ
һƱС˵㣬˵
ͷεúܣСһѣ˵ʲô
ǳƱСֹ˼䡣
߽ţЩ볤Ʊ·˭Ҳǰ
ֱǸɳƣ
ǵʱӭ浸УսˣҲԹǣ
۰ǵʱǲսܲ٣ݽʹҲţ
ʹӦչ˵һӣҹ⼸佫ңǲ޸ϵ
һ飬ѡ񣿡
һƬ˽֮УǻûоʱǸ꽫Գƺ߳ˡ
Ѫɫ԰׼ˣҲ˫Ⱦһ˿Ѫɫ
Ҳˡ
׶Ⱦ
һеĻ׵󣬵ڶҲƺڵϡ
̶ˣҲļˡ
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´һУһб˲Ϊ˻˳Ǵһ¡
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к
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ͷͣҲգתͷȥֻģһƺһˡ
һˡ
أиװǣͯ˳ҲԶԶͣˡ
ԽԽࡣ
˭һ£Ӷ
ЩķĬĬͷڵϣþò


157 
̫ʷǧ,峿̵ġ
½ϣ̩ܽɽʮ⣬Ȼߵúܽʮں󷽣ϵھӪ֮䡣
ۡصıԲǳǶ,ˮһ·ϡ
·ףܶ꣬ûʲôɽ,ֻһɽݴʱçɱ׷ɱ,ɽ񼣣ƭб,˲ѡ
֧ڴġ
صıǧڣžͱ̫ʷʿʤһ
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ʱֽӵŵ,Ҳʱͣ½Ųġ˰滹һ㶯ûС
̩ɽԭӪ
̫ʷϢһӦ,оڣȡƣΪɢи,ȴɷֱϮӪկ
Ϊڡ,ĳ彫ʱ,ֶԴ˵ؼ,˲òСЩ
ҲӪ,ҪЩֵҹԸȥ뻹ǲܷģԳӪ̽һ
ɽͣɽƽһһȥֻжʮɵĸ߶ȡ̫ʷһ㣬ɽɽһȦ·һȥ˰ݡܹһȦ˵ףɽ仺ɽ϶߸ߵ͵ͣʹǴũ˿ٳɽС·߹ȥһ·ҲⱻơиֻиҰߵ޵·˼ѴС
·ﴩпɣҹȷΣա̫ʷվɽ룬ǾΪʲô˶ڣֱ˹أ
̫ʷȵͷȻתһͷҪ취̽һ¡
ۺ֮û׽ԭʵͦ򵥣վ̫ʷȵĽǶȣҲ벻갰ûг
Щ̩ɽΨ갰հ˲ܲǱߵţԼͬϷݣϾʿӵĺܣҪǶزס˻ȥǻ
̩ɽ̱ԭӪǰһʹ߷ȥҪһʣһ갰Ϊλδ
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ʹվ̩ɽܵӪУ̬ʮֹʵⲢ
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һƬžʼûпڣɫѿ
ʹҿһۣҼҽŶλµңеĺ־֮ʿʷţƣλִ⡭
ǲ̾һأ;ɽǫĴ֣Ҳ֪һλʮصС½ǣԥ֮ɫ㵭ȥˡ
½¸㣬ҲɰͰ͵ؿ䣬ˣӪزǱǡ
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޵ңȴˣ̫ʷϸת󣬹Цϸ˴󹦣
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Ҫ
ΪҪ̫ʷʣҹζ࣬ҷ֪갰룿ɱǰʱ̩ɽһɱʤ㣿
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ûеõ갰ԵĻţùţƺ˯ʱȻǼΪɵģغϱһݲܶǧԱҲؾ½֧
ХʱֻУ⡣
ǽ꺰ɱԽԽҲԽԽʢξúͮͮһƬò壬͵ۣ
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𣿣ããȻ齣Žܳʣһ˼
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Сģ䲻ʿӪȴҪսģصӪկУʿǵǷԼߵģ
Щɽ갰ҲѹΣظ⣬һϮʿܺܿӦ
û뵽Щʿ֮ڻ־Ĵӣǰе·ˣҲǵѣͬ˯һۣͬ谵壬ֻҪһͱȥãֻҪһȥ·
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ǫ̫ʴȣʹҲ̫ʴȣλ׿͵ܡˡҲ̫ʴȣݾ󱲺УԣĵҲҶ⣡
ⳡսʱʼʱˡ
Ϊ°ز֪ȥ̫ʷԭΪˣڴɨսսսƷʱҵλ̩ɽһֵʬס
彫һλӪĹСشǰ갰֪£»Ǻ޽һ
ˡ̫ʷȺϧԼ³ףԭʹһң¿ֻʣǧˡ
ǧҹУӳȥǧѾսñ̫СĽĽѵ
½أ
̫ʷһ£Ȼһս
̫ʷȴصҹ۵Ծɰ갰Եİϡ
Ѿԥ˺ܾá
ʵҲѾ˺ܾõجΡ
رٳµĻ棬ʱʱͻС
ôһ˿Ķ飬갰Զ˵ʲôأѱ벶ȸں
ݣ갰һ룬Ҳ˸ս

㲻˵˵⸽࣬𣿡
ǣλСĵ˵˵̶ӡ
ųֵ¹Ǹˣ֮ܲ⣿갰Ժ޺޵˵ǹͼı棬ͼıضҲ棡
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갰ԲԸȥˡ
ضҲʮֿΪʲôҪ̩ɽܣȥΪһա˼ǰ󣬾ضǹ֮ƣҪ๥ܲٲ֮
ճǣճǣһ䣬Щ˽ǣԹҵӣܴ


158 
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ǵ,빥ݴǲ׵ġ
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ǰҰһʣƣضһʿ˵ЩҳЩͷۣ
ʿСĵӦˣֿ˿ϰò̫õ˿,ǲǸøѰҽʦ
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ֻһܣһ,ҲһҪںȡ
ź,̵˼,Ѱһ˼ң˵̾ڳҸ
Ϸ֮һӾ̱˵ϣȻߺĥĥһ
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ǽŲһӣȻ峿ܳˡ
ܳ˼ˣͷʾūݣӵģˮͰģӵģرڣرܹˡ


Ϊ׵ǸµҼвǲСˡ
үػ֣ƫЩūȥǶǵˡ
֪ƽԥЦҪȡλĻҲ
үǲмƲƲһʱû뵽˵ʲôá
ƽұǷ֮£˵˼ҴʱԸԮ֣ףαǿأ
ݵʿʲô̬أ
ͨⳡ΢ܵһ㡪кøУûôߵĺøжȡ
ЩʿͦģˣǶԲЩʿҲվΪ

ӳ˼оѣ˳Żķ򿴹ȥ
ոսһ·ӵǻ˼ңչ޺
ҹ࣬λеС˵ķСЩɣ
ô˼أ˵Ȼ˳ӣǶ𣿡
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رڲ֪ĺϣһһڵغ
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ڼ˵ݴңһΪԼصס
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йϵ֧ҲϵףЩҸԳಿ˽ľӱԽԽˡ
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ڴ˿պգ˴ȻתͷУĪ

Ǳ飬˼཭ϰӢۺܣҲԾ۶ʲôˣӦ
Լ˽һ㻳ɡ
С½֮Ļɡ
ڼ֮ﵽ㡣
һ·ʱշЩʿˣֻһ㣬ڼﲮʱֲȷˣ
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¹ﲮ´μǵýǸС½УĪ̫ʷȰ


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ͲԴǣɸɰͰ͵ػһ䣬鸣죡
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ǹ˼ףԭŷǸͷ,ġ
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ԥƳһۡ
ɾ¼ͷԣȫǣ߿ɲС˵;ʹҲҪ˿ۣʿġ
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λüĿӢǷ佫첽ǰݶһ񣬡Ҳ
ʱӦá

ֹȥס̫ʷȵ֣࣡
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̫ʷȺעͲԼжٺϣֻס֣ҡҡ
ָܵǸˣҪȭͷ߬ý̫ʷȴһûҲʣո־ҪҲˣ
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160 
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161 

һϦ֮ͻȻȬ갰ԴС,رȥͷƽ֮ǰǱһģظֻҪʹɽǶһ⡣
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162 
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163 
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164 
һʱǳΡ
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166 
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167 
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168 
ʵǸ⡣
Ԭʱ,үսһսǺܶ࣬һٶƥ,Ҳܺ,˵ǿһ㣬Բһԭ
ʱôأЩܵ,˼ԬҲӰ˵Ҫ𣿺ò,ǿ϶Ҫ
Ƕүⲻٵ,Сһܣɹɹ̫,˳Ѳߵʱ,ͽӵ˶ʮسӵš
ܲٶȺͲȻͬն,Ҳͬն,ϲɺصؾ͸½׿ˡ
ȫԸܣЩҲȫԸܣ̼Ҫˡ
أԽ,ԽߣһһǳһŲȽ,βܲ찡
ʵͦ޵ġ
ܿޣ
ͣ£Щ̸ͣ,Щж,̹ڲ࣡ˣЩٿЩӲˣ
ǳ˱һ澰
سżи,ʵûʲôرģЩ˺һ㣬ģǲеκսְҲսı֡
ǺһǵеġԴ
ҲԵȻȻǸˣǻʤȡֵ;
ЩɪɪĸȫȻسе񸾡
ĳյúܽҧÿ죬ͱֹסЩȻεرС
һ˲˿־壬ʲôʲô
𣿻ǹ֮л꣬ЩҲģѧ𣿣
ǸȥҲ˿־һ㣬ųȥ
ɢ٣ʱҲСߣһˣ
ȥʱ½ػӶһС졣
һ£˵һڶ½ҧæлռ˼ѵ̹ĸ滻ϣԽԽ࣬ұü֮ҲЩǾԲ׸ߵģ
£׵ؽһؽһصնϣն޿նʱͱһ˵ĶǸ
½׵ʱƺֹһ¡
ǸƤϴż̵İ梣ոջȶ˾ġȻǼƵģ˼ȻˣһпڣþȫͱǸ֮С
½׺УҲӦôһɤＷһ
λòϣЩ
ƫҴҸ˹ҼЩһɢʱƫһ
½Ǹܺˣ£˭ҲΪһֻ赲ǧоľǸûƢˣ½׵ƫ˵ҪȺ߳ɢЩܽʱƫһ˲Լһڹ꣬һˡ
˿½״ʱȻվʱһʯ˵ء
ƺ˼ˣҲ˼ŮЩΪǰЩڰЩȲޣҲͷȥЩʬϵȻСĵر䡣
½ƽעһУŲת
ЩѪþɳһ֪Ǳ˵Ѫ·ҲѪŵĵҲѪ
Ůɡ
ѻһĽëһ£ƺ໰Ҫ˵ȴǶ˵
صʱ磬ȼˣϷؽСС˸ȥճǲϸϸģ·ʱһۣתĿ⡣
ⶼֻܷھлǵؽñţˮʹҲܿ첻ʣЩɴóڰϣۼ۳ۣͼˣȥЩѪܵģ·ǰһ̻ڵĳθ·ʱһۣҲתĿ⡣
һϦ֮˸ģֻԼˣ˿ʲô޶롣
ŢĵأɫͣѩĵѪĶ࣬ʲôǳսǰѵͱһʶ˶Ǹĸܡ
֪ΪβԸҴ֡
ͬĸϽȥˣ̶֧ݶе˴ӣͬĶԴ˺ܸȤһҪȥ
ֻʣСɴŰ棬Լ֡
սǻıһˡ˵
Щµģʵһۣܼһյ龰
ˣ˵ֻǸԼҪı̫࣬صǲ֣ܱı䡣
صģ
ҡ֮ǡҡǱʲô˵ǲ֣˵ҵ˼𣿡
Ұʵһֱܲ˵ż˵úܺż˵ú翣˵òòܻὫҭ˵
½˼Ĭ˺ܾãڵ˵ͷ
Ҷˣ֡
ǾͺãҰº͵˵мͬ˵ס
ʲô£
ǸŮˡ
֣
ǸŮˣҰ֡ǰ梣ڴأеŵؿ֮ǰŮװף㶮ɣ
½ױҭóþõ˵
ЩģпģѪȵĻһ˲䱻˵ϢˣԺɢˡ
˺ܾ֮Żһ䡣
Ҳô֣ܶ梣
Ȼ˵ʱеΣܹ黹ǣ˵ˡ
½׵ıǶݵرˣ崻ˣ֪ʲô
ǽˣ̽ĺȻ
Ҿ룬˵ǰ㲻̰ɫΪü㣬Ϊ־ǲô˵
ɣ½ε˵⡣
Ӫǵıֻ˽ͣԼַĸ
һҪأ
Ҫһ֧𣿡
šš룬𣿡
ҿԷְ梼ʮˣ½˵ҵĽӪȥ
Ϊʲô
˫ĽǸڰ߸𲻵梵ã˵ͬҹŮߵЩŮǲˡ
𣿡½ʣǰȫһ㡣
½׳Ĭһ
һ·ϣλƫʮֿ
½׻Щû˵꣬㾲˵
ʵȥʱܿ½΢Цǰ֡梵ãЩӻĽǾ梵ĵλܻҺܿġ
ֿǶһ˵ġԴǣǻһˣǻһλŮͬУҲܿ
һʱƫҿˡҾļı֧ССľӲˡ
úܺá½˵һ䡣
뱣梣밢ҪӪʱȷʵ˵ģ½˵ҵĻȫȻΪˡ

˵ʷϵ½׾ؿʱֻ梣Ҳ֪ЩлģΪ梽ʷһʣĽҲˡ
械ŮӣѰʷ̼һ÷һöӰˡ
½׿ƾϣϣˡ
ȻȴŮҰġ
ҪһԣʷҲãʿҲգдʱܲҵ֡


169 
ô仰,޵һ޵ڶȻе,ĳ˵,һʲʺϴҲַһ̣ľʤߡ
ǰ½ŵЩ£ȷѾˡ
֧ССŮӻص֮,жʮҪ뿪½׶ͬˡ
иĸҪ롣
Ϊʤ,Ϊ븧
ʱĸ˵½,ΪƵսۣǵɷ򾭳޷ڼ磬˰Ҫũ,ҹҪ֯첹,ջҪ̷̹,չ˺ӡ
ǳе˼ȫʹЩ΢,ֻҪܻͺãʳ²,żᷢһɧһ̾ûиڷй,Ȼͷĸţһ,
ʿĸǵǼߵ,ȴһ̷ŵǮ,ʿļƽһûľ޿˵Ŀ
ЩĸҲһͣǵǴʲôǡ˽˲ƲģǮؼң̹õ̬Ҳˣɷ̬Ҳˣٸ˻ǰδеء
ǮÿǮ϶մѪЩ˳Ӫĸ۵ɲ׬Ǯ
ָ֮Ҫ뽡Ӫĸ˾͸ˣݹ᾵СŮͨǼҪȥҺǿŮȴ⵽ֲܾģɫȷȥӵŮӪǰǻţధţҪ
ҵҲֵôǮ𣿡ǻ⣬ҵİĸҵĵܵܺ𣿡
ôҪĽӪ𣿡½֮½ס
½׵ѵøֳһ˿ԥ
˵ֻҪܽ𽡸Ӫֹ£Ӫб
˵ͷơꪡá׵࣬ԡ
ԭȷʵҪЩģ˵ڲҪˡ
Ϊʲô
ʱУЩʿ˵һӪŮ
ʹڽսɱҲȻȻѷһȣսɱӰʿһ¡
һߵĶܱ뵶ֵסĳ߾ͻ޿ɱɢ½ǰ֪֪ˡ
Ȼ½Ҳ£ûдߴãʵҪʲôأ
ȸЩìǣ½˵Ǹˣڡ
üȴ˵ȥ
Ǻãùȥ£ЦЦһۣ׳ˣҵΪ׼һ
½һ˲۾ʲô
㵽ʱ֪ˡ˵
֮´һЩ˵˸µΣ갰֮ǰͱϰһ̫أ͢Ĺʱ갰Գϻ̳Ͽ֣ǲܣԥҲҪƴǡ
ô󣬶һﶼξ̫ʷӦҲûʲô⣬갰Կ϶İɣ
갰⣬ر⣬Ҹ̫ʷѸٴһƬ̫ʷȺܿ갰ԵıɫԣλǸѡ֣޲ܹֵܣҲ൱Ǣ
ڲݾȥδӣųסСޣСҲȻݾڣû̫ԶΪ¹ƣ췴˰ʣ°½Ȼģʮϧ׼ٸȥˡ
ֻʣ³¹Ĳ˽ĲݾϼԼңҪǧغڡ
˵ֱȺӻСʱû̸£³˳վģ¹ͻѰ̸Уʱ˾˵˽ֹó¹ǲΪķ˺óԣûе䷹
Ӧɡ
Ķ⣬һ߸ԥ̫ʷȿᣬһԼ¡
½׵ŮƽսҪ׼һʲôܹԽƣ̶ȵطʵأ
иģģӰӣʱץ׼
һ£ƾһСӲһԣһ䲻ؿڣǸո˵ʲô
ԥ̫ʷȻ࿴һۣһ䣿
ڲˣ
ڻʱĳ˹ԭĿҲ˹࣬Ȼûɶ𣬴Ҷϰ߻ŽУڣԭġ
ڽ쵽ʱ򣬾ͲɱҪ漰档
һ;ú֣Ϊʲô˲أڲ֪ķһ£̫Ծˡ
͢䲻ҪԼڣүүܸһն࣬λͷȥ磬Ȼ󱻴һʹٿźλù
ȨϷôѪȣھ׿֮Һһޣû˾нڲٵġ
ˣ֮ǣԥȥӹĵ̣̫ʷȥ갰ԵĵϲһӣȻλ̫սȥӣ갰һҲˣôԣ
ԥ⻰΢Ц
Ϊͳ𣿡
ǰ
½Դ
Ȼأʵ֮ǰȻ࣬ѵ˲𣿡
˿̫
ԥӦ
ǲİ˵ǲƣǧڴˣͳ𣿡
һκδ

ôˡ
ҲǺĩʱֱһ֤ȺطҪôǵʿϣŷ֧֣ҪôǾԴ갰ԣȺ̩ɽСڣⲻռ̡
մĳ͢Ա൱ѣԶı˵Ҫøһɴһʲôıƶϣһ̣ı˵λ࣬ĵ̣ǣǾЧˣԶı˵ڣΧʱֻ̫ʷһ˳ȥȱ͸ûôƵģɱΣѣڳԹϿϷ⡣
˼֣
ֻǧһݣȴЩǽոΪá̫ʷ˵
һĺǿУ˭ȽЩ
Ȼƶٰ̫ʷҲ˵Ӽֳ׿ˣ߲ڣ̸
ôǮ
һ˵뽫ܵ
۾һ£ӼҼȻڶؿ°빦
ģϰͷָϽջ
أʵΣ
սңʿ±ܻԥ˵˵ʿ塭
ϣ
½ȻҪʲôˡ
ϷСϻӣű࣬װĸ
ԣûлܾʱȥ䣬㾫׼óֻϻӣصԡ
ǿ
һʮִӵóԥ̫ʷȶ¶ɻ󣬲ʲô
ϻǰѿȥžطɳʱǵɫ̱ˡ
ǺΪܷ󣿣
½һ
ȱ֣ܵ취˵ֽӦ±ʱһΣܽһӶ
Ҫתʱ½ԥ̫ʷȣǧԼٵĽӪ뿪ȥ
ģ갰ԵģıݶǣɽˮݣǱ߾شʺͱ
ڲܲʱѾһȻ˻˶ϡ٣ʮʿֻʣϡϡСèֻǰӭӡ
ǵⳡȫررر֡
갰صشӿ˹̬رѺ飬ЩǮţƹλ°ĵͷߵء
Щ֮⣬һ
ǸˣҪĻͿܲʮ꣬Ϊ갰صǿһ¡
ӵδɼңж־ڿ𢣬ܿǶŮ£갰Դ˵Թߣ
´һ
ǸС갰ԡ
˼˵ǸĸߴһװŨü۹뼫Ũܵ׳ֻ΢һ㣬Ȼ˵ʲôҲ˻ûʮꡣ
λ׳ӣһоʶض˶
ԸΪִꪣ׳
оԼЦúΣȱܣˣҵα
ܸ潫أݹǫ갰Ժˬ˵չҫ£ұ㶼иڽˣ
رóַĳϣýſٵʱȻױ˽

ҿϲ
һλʹߣ
һ
߽һλ಼꣬ͷϸֱգ·ģر׼ʿģ
ҲǶʮģһ͹æֹסˡ
Ѻ
ΪŶЦ˵
λˣ«ֶӣµǵĴӵܣų«ѧ䣬ҲųµǳƬżҲһʦվ
кһš
ǳµдģǣҼܣģʦղ룬Ʒкܺã޼ۣҳûмԼˣֱȥˣɣͨʫ飬ʲô׵ĵطͽ㣬Ҳʡʱʱӹ㣡һౣأ
֮󣬸жˡ
ǰҰ˵࣡
ڽ̸࣡¼һػص
갰ԺС갰Էɿػ࿴һۡ
ʲôסߵĵطҲһҪң˿ûвڼ˵ԪֽиңһҪչ˺ģ
к񴫳һġߡ
Ҳˣ
£أΪ¶أ갰Це˵ǿɵòҳ׳ȴҲסˣ͵Ҳȥݾӡ
սңȷʵѷдģβ½ͬȥأ¼һʵ
갰ԵЦһ¡
գе㲻Ծ
С˽۰ʹ
գȷʵԾ
֮Զ꣬ݵĸ·Һǿ׷ŹʾĽҪͼֶͶЧ
Щֶĵģͳһصǡ
ȫû顣
̫ˡ
һʱˣԼ׼˵š
Ծľֱһλ¿˵ĵ˶㡣
λǽҹʱǵġ
ҪǣŲòӻرգɫֱҹգʹӻûꡣ
ֳֻѵۣ嵶ĽͣȻ߰ݸͬŮˣйʮˣʮˣʮţⳤĶΪѶҹΪһĳ
ŵĶ飬һ·ıֻΪһ˹ôվڳſڣ͵ؿһĻ
괩Žۣźķۣ϶ʮമĽڻԣƲ۾
ͿһƬҰ׵˼ӵҲŨƮ˹ҪЧ
ӷСһֻ֣ǰ˻Ρ


170 
լۡ,һλŮ¶Լʮͷò,ɫ,˼ɫۡɫأҲûʲôֻʮᱡ,Զһ㣬Ů,żһ,ƮƮ·ɽϷһƣޱȡ
ʮѵõľ,Ừ֮ɱȲ,˼ֵҲʮֲơʱ,ĲϸѵãĪ˵Ѱʿѵһ,ЩҵŮҲճţʺﴩ˳ȥ
ŮȴճĴ,شһȣߵֳǼҵſڡ
˲̧ͷЩ졣

ΪСܶƽ,죬ȴһζ,ܽСȥ
ýʸһ,ʾ¡
ڼҲ,ȥ½Це˵ӷǮ
۰ֵĳı£һŮΪˮ
룬ʲôı
СȥǼ٣½档
λӺݶŵĸ˼һҲûգЦﲻף
½ٳ½֪
ţһ˵ҼǮҲ䲻
ҼǮСΣֶ顣һĲ䲻͵ģĸŮɻϲο½
ϣЦúӶֶ涼Щסˡ
Цʲô
С˵ѧȷʵԲЩױƴö࣬ϵķͿҲ࣬Ц֮˵˵½ϲء
СܾԼò֣һȺͰأôҲܲȥ
磬ԭ׼򵥵һ㡣
½ԼسʳɣٲЩ򵥵߲ˣ갰ţƣǺܷʢһˡ
κλӼҵСү˳ֵ֮رʾ
էҲûʲôܰﵽĵطľ磬ӼҰˡ
Ȼ͸ȫһʲôɵй
һޣһ߲ˮһһôװˮĺʺʡ
ͺס
ֽڼּңʶûʲôʳġӷеһͷίˡ
ое㲻̫ã˵еͣ㣬ڼҲô𣿡
գգۣûü˵и͸ҴҶ
СɾЩţ̫ˣԲ裬ɾίЩＹɷ񣿡
ˢòҰ׵Сίһš
趼ûУûˣ˰ˣǿɡ
裿ʲô裿η˵ţϲϵ𣿡
Ұ̾һ
һѾǵڶ
Ȼǵʮһʮʮ
ڴ˼ɽ㣬Ȼ벻ⳡˡӷ˵볢һ˵ڡ
ھס
۾һ
봽ӷѾȫδһݲ̣갰ļҳгǸЦسԳԺȺȣֻг¼ɵı鲻ԡ
ںԥһ֪ɶ
½ԥһǾ˾ƾλ
ͣ˿ꡣ
ر³滰㳡滰͵óԵˮƬˡ
ǻǽ㳡滰ɡ
λɡſӲͷƤ˵̫ˡ
⣬ӷ˵ڼҲҪ͸͸λӦҲ˰ɣ
һƬž
ԵһӦҼҼһ׷ʹԵЧθҵ
˵ĵڣ갰ø첲һС갰ԣС갰ҲڽЧ޺ޣ
·ڷӷһ㣬Щɫ̵ӶʼʿһرʾԸЧౡ֮佫һرʾԸΪǰ䡱
ӷһСҲգֻƲƲ졣
Ů˵ʮĵˡ
һǳƣǼ͸ıƬţñˡҲȥ˼ӷôôġװлƵġ
һһģһҲǼ͸һƬһƬʳģˣŷڵ
㿴ңҿ㣬ֿ˿ӣ˼һƬüëɻ
ȴûͣ
Ҳһ꣬˳
Ʒˣ֦
⳵ô֦ʵ
ӷ۾һҲ
ȷʵⶫӦóʱڵɽʰⲻǹ㶫ϲŲ𣿣
Ϊ֧ҰЦԲ
ǡָ֣˾ԵǸʠ馣֧еġ֧
һ꼤ʳ⣬ӷʾ
֪ûⶫˣصµ̶Ӵģӷ˵Ҽ׷潫ȻҪóģⲻֵʲô뽫Ըʰˡ
СػڳıһȦ
ʮµɫѾҪסˡ
һЩɫҲôÿ
̬һȵ̫ʷȺԥĿɿڴضӷ
һ¡
ʲô£˵ô˼˵¡
һˣиͻݵӣܴĸף˵һֱúҸ
ʲôϵ
һϣЩ٣Ӻĸױڴߣһ壬һߵ
Ȼ󣿡
ӺĸЦ̣ͷķٻһȺߵģҵ໥˺ҧ
ˣ˵ϱǡ

аɣûӷû˸ǱһǧֻЫӵġǵ˵̫
ҲΪ𾪣ٷȻоյĳˡ
½ȫ̶ԵúܳĬ
ļҲǺܳĬһл㱡
ϢʱںȾƣûסһھƾ˳
ܺͣܺĪ֣æҵȥӺֻûס
ι죿Ӻǲ̫æԼӻһϸϸϸزϻָʹŮȥȡͭױϻһԼĺӡ
񲻻ƣ
λƣӺЦҵãʹԼҲǷǧǮĿǮء
νġǮҲΪڸʵǺġͷ˰ӤʼÿҪò࣬ҲͼʮǮң˽һٶǮְջǿϵ˰
֡ǮǳʮϵĵŮԣ͢涨ʮ꿪ʼӣÿҪǮһӾǵ˼ŮĸĸᵽææظŮ޳ȥٸ̼˿
½ٺ»ȻߣȱǮ⼸ǧǮӺЦ˵λŮȷʵѾʻ֮䡣
ˣҲȥõġ˵ӼҪбĶҲͰˣӷôõó֣Ǹ竳˻ỨǮ֮⣬ã
ӺۡЦ˼
Ԫڹ꣬ȴҲȥ
ҲУʮޣͶڳº£Ѿ׺ˣʹһɣϵ澿ޡ
ɨڣӺһ㣬˸ⲻȣʱͷؾصţѾϯϣ˸ƾһӹ
ôһȷ磬һ߿Ц
Ȼһ¶˾ģҲһ˹ȥ


171 
Ϊ½ʶ,ʱƽԭѾ
ƶı߾СǺȻ÷
ǽשʯһؼӹ̣ЩطǵͷһƬƬܲơ
ĶǼݿʿ,̶ӣʱʿҴææ,ʱҲʿţһһ
Щƽ񽥽زˡ
дƬķݱʿӪ,ƽȥ,סӪ
˽Щʹȥ˶ôиǸʮˣ˵ʹҪ뿪ƽԭ,ԥشȫȥݡ
᲻汲µĻҵ˲ò￬սܺƽԭĽ֡
λ³ȷʵܲ,ҲЩˣЩʿ˺ͺǿҲڼʿ֮ѸٱӸɾˡ
ڡӡϣ³һͬ,Դ
סƽԭ,ھסȥλˡ
˺,Ŷʮͷĸߴ,ò,Ǹʮɵӣüܲһ˿ʱҲԾЩ׺ݡ
ŮʱСС,һ˿һŭĵط,λƽԭǵ˴ʱҲûô˼ϡ
ȫעضһݵͼ,ͼ߽Ҳûв
ӡλʿһ
ԬܵĳԬ̷̴Ӱͼǰסֱ֣
Ҫ̡
Ԭıʿ򣴨ĹͼԬ̷ĽŲ˰ߡ
Ҫıݣ
ѽ죬Ԭ̷һۣΪλҪȣ
ˣлкԥ֮£
￬꣬Ԭ̷üҼ̽ȴҲ첻￬кι֮εҸ
Ů񣬽ˮ˹¡
տңͼǳһڣ̲ñˮüͷ΢΢չ
ʱƽԭǵؽͼô˵
ͣ
ͼ˵ͷ빫ͬ¬ֲ飬˹￬ƽԭ￬꣬˽˵ʮֿ¡
˵Ԭ̷ͫһݣͬնݣ￬ô
ͼ˼һ˵ͷҡҡͷ
򣬺⣿
ݣս֮أϷԬܲ٣ڷ갰ԣͼЦȻдģҲ޴γܹ￬һֲ
Ԭ̷д󶨣˵ͷ
ͼֹ
кָ̣Ԭ̷˵뽲
һˣЩ򡣡
ˣ
ͼü½
Ԭ̷һȻһ֣Ц
ҵ˭Ǹˣ˵ǻ衯ǡɫǻ衯ɣһԼıݣΪЦ
Цһ֮Ԭ̷׺ݵ˽ۣ˵Ҳûˣʱұ
ӱض쿪ʤͼ΢Ц˵ǲɵĿ϶
ĿȻԬ̷ػصĴ
λԬµıʿǺλӵΪ˵ġԬ̷Ȼ³çҲıֻ˵￬߷ְա
ľƾͻú鷳
ǫͬԬ׺񣬶ȴԬͬԬܲܲǽˡԼɢģƶģ߱κεϵЧҪάҪС
᲻ȥݣͼãˮԱЩأҲԼʵһˡ
Ԭ̷򵽱ʱìһȱôݱԬ̷
Ԭ̷һҰֹˣڹͼһӡ
Ҫ׵Ŀ϶ν׵עƺȫԬϡ
ΪḸ׵Ŀ⣬ԼԬδļ̳ȨλԬҵĴӻ᲻ϧһеؽٽֱսײɽµľʯϣŻʶвսʤĵˡ
ȣ˰Ҫæˡ
ľ£Ҳ˵һҪӦľ
ΪԵʣԥÿ쿪ʼͷһ߼ص˿أһ߿ʼܹĵذʱص١
𿤵ʿ˲٣鷳ֳˡʿӵܾڼˣһһԼһ뷽跨ˢԬĶӣһʼҲЩطʿҵֶ֧˵طϵͳȥ֮Ļֳ
𿤵ʿˣ͵˻ʳղ
ȻϰյʳᴧԼڴģ
˵ɽ˵ܣ˵ԼϵõıĵطĺǿʱͻȻһߡ
ǼȽϰյĿڴҲ
Ҷˣ𿤵ܣġ˵ӵȥҲ׷ǡ
̫ʷ˼һ£ܣܻԽ
Ҳûϵ׷ǡ˵ȥͬ갰ԴһкڱΪдһȥױǡ
ܾܻ۰һƬˣȻô
Ļ
̫ƽȷʵûӸǵġ
İţԥҲûбο
ĹԱȱΣ
϶Ҳа취ġԥһòȷ˵һ䡣
зһЦ
Цʲô
̫䲻ô˵һ䡣
ҿ𣿡Īʲôط͡
ЩĶǣ˵ȥأǶ˰ٵͷΣҪȽϽׯ˿ЩͳƳ
ԥ㶵ؿ
㿴ʲô
ǿܡ˵ܲͶЧġ
ԥǲͨʵˣ˵Щδ꣬¶ͺͷϵʭӡ
ǱгţȢңǰɣ
λοصһ˲ˡ
Ϊ˵ֱף
ΪҿΪг˵Ҳúøɣ
ʹԼôԥе𾪡
ⲻǵ㣬Ҫ˵ǵ㣬Ҳֱ㣬˵ˣÿȥʱԼ֮⣬ɶʮɿʿţһǵİȫҪʿţаŮ
ǡ
Ŵһƣ˼룬½룬´һ
֮ǰһȥ԰ɣ˵һʿ
һת˼
ʺϳŴԡ
ʱʿʵּҵòҲܿģȻС갰Ǿ͸һ㣬Ͼ̩ɽܳҰҸɣҰݸڻ¡
Ϊ

һѽǿҵģ
һȺΧˡ
ȻС갰֮⣬Ҳûʲô֡
˵书ⷽ棬ʵҲǲ֮䣬Ȼûи֣ҲԼһԡ
һֻùĽ߸˵͸˵Ȼûд㣬Ҳܱһĳġ
һȺֻӷһʮʵ׼ʲôɽҰá
Ұӷؿˣ
ؽǮ˵Ӫˣ
Ͳˤ
ΧȺҪĻӷڿѾǧˣ
ڤڤ֮еλɾڲƵġ
ȺµĻԭϣӵߴߴŬƷ·ҪȡעʱԶʻһС
һˣ̬֪Եģ෴رĲġ
һǳɫֱգͷϴķڶ˶´ķҲ˶ǸҲǶ˶ģũµɢ
£³ģ
Сˡ
ӭȥеûô¡

ȺűС΢΢һ¶ر͵ģһͺ͸һһ˵
Ѳӣ


172 
Ƭĵؾɫʵ,ϡϡֵأгݣԶˮ,ʱʱСﱻܻȥ
Ǽ,ؾ£
ЩȻǾϵ,ǵʲôͷԷľ,ԼҲǱ͹ģȺоʶľ͸ʶһ棬½ľ͸½һ棬֮,
ڼˣͬ,ȺͲ̫Σ£ϸ
Ⱥ˳վڻҰ,һϮ,,Żһ㳬׵⾳
ıһ㶼ס
ѲӸʲôе㲻⣬һ䡣
̿ʼ˽,͵͵Ц
ҿ,˳Χ۳ȺȺСԸ˼䡣
Ⱥһ塣
Ԭ̷ǲ,ѵ½֪𣡡
λίԱȻϲ,ƽʱǸƪ۵,һ˵һҭһ±˾͹ˡ
첻֮ͬ̾ϲؿʼıҪԡ
ҴݺԬ̷̲֮ģռƽԭֽ丸Ԭļݱһֻ졭
һ࿴һۣĬ˵
ֻһӷȥˡ
λŲͿ۵˶һܲׯ״ʵڰ̽ͷ´ۡ
´£ؽ봽˵Ƕ֪Ϊʲôġ
Ⱥ㶵ؿ
Żûкϵ΢΢ſţͻȻϡ
ȻȻˡ
Ȼǻԭһ߶ߵĳ֦Ҷï̵ŨأΣȺ˿ѷɫ
̣࣬ɫ
ɾ۵ԶˮԴСǽˮϳˣ
쿴һȺp
ˮУ«έвԡ
ʮ࣬ˮлСǣקţһȽУڽˮ˳
ЩҪʱֶһ㶫ϢһµԹţɧţܻŭţ˳ŵط˳
Ҫһֻ
ֻ㣡
һ˫ݶ
Ƕﰮֵͣһǧ˰ٶǰĺĩʲô޶У󶼲ȱȻҲû˿Ƕ뷨Щ̱Źһ·׷˹ȥ
ӷݵˣȺˮķ򣬿һˡ
Ҫһֻءô˵һԵӦ£һӣҲɱȥˡ
ǵøҲһֻ봽΢һɤš
ʵϲҰζġεæֹδ
ɺóˣ봽ֻ̧۾һۣиӣˣϱ֪ˡ
ڳһˣӷӦؼװȺڡ
ȺƺҲڼװԼڣͲ
վڳȺӷм䣬оΡ
һСȺڸɰͰ͵ؿˡ
ﵹ֡
һˡ
żǳԣϤһ£Цһⲻ㲻мɣ
Ⱥ죬ֱˡ
˴£ұȻȥˡ˰죬ֻ˵ôһ䡣
Ȼһ˶ŷĸо
Уǳ·Сġ˴֣¶һĵ΢Ц
³ضһۣתȥ
ԭϵذ͹ƽϵӰҲλƣϦȥ
ڴʱġ
ʵҲƲ⣬ֻȺˮܷɸߵͷɸˣȺȴϳһȺ
ˮûмֻЩɲߵҲݰǲھ׷ˣ
ǵȺܣֻ½ߣ˭ҲżһȺë׷ɵĶ̼ͼŷɹǰ
һֻʰ쵵Ľצ͵زԴһţȻų
һͷ˳Ⱥĳ
׷ܹȥˡ
Ҳסͣһ
˳ҲͿû߶ԶĳȺӳһֻ
ξҵĳˣĪܣսĿƵʱӲˡ
ǣһλ֧ӵܿⳡûס´ºĻ
ڴ˴ԭǼǲ˴ż˷ݱضɹ
һأȻǳڽǰͷһλЦǳְѲ죬Ҳԣ
Ⱥһ˲ְˣģ
Ƴһۣزˡ
˷ҵĳȺһ߹ڲﻹһֻȻڲͣĽͽ͵ظһ飺
ģ
ڡڽǰεͷͬвͬ뷨
С갰Կһ뷨Կһ뷨ӷ뷨Ҷ֪ˡ֮⣬һҲΪŬ
ʱ£ֽһ
Ҿã֮ǰǻԼ֮⣬Ҳҵ⡣ĳ˵
Դ֪˽Ůˣû̧ͷȥ
ﻹǻᰵһŮװŻʲôӣξͺȻŮˣֲ֮ǰŮɫʱߥȥ׽ͬģܾ
֮̾ͻ顣
һ·ͬߵúܽڻȻһ㶼Ȣͷ
½ʵ̫ǿǿûȻˣҾҺҲȻвŵһ桪ᣬѹ
һ˵ǺõģϱɲУֻҪһ£ͻԼǱȭͷһƵģ϶ԼǧȢϱȽ϶Ծ
ȻЩҲЩֻҪʵʵȥҿЩСˣҲȥ˵׻Ȱϱת⣬ϯӣӸġ
ƮȥҸСֺܿƮ˻
С񣬡Сĵ˵Сһγ˽ѵԺٲˡ
ҵ˼˵ȥʱȷûйҵ
ۿȻˡ
ǵ۰һսСױ֮ôʵС³çΪ˽ҵҲĸԸģ
ҲҪȥ½˵Ҫȥͷţʱܼҵ档
һ˲ϲ
ÿһöˡⲻΪӶнַھ£
Ƕ֪½ˣЩЦһ˲䲻ˣЩƥһĳҲûˡ
ŮӼʱȻ㣬Ӽ˿ɲܣǻӭȥЦЦס
磬⼸δŰ
岻ʣСȴ˵Ǳģ
Ҳȷ̫ЩǺεȵˣһλɲǰһӢۺܣȴһ
˵㻹ǸϽϰߵĺãѰһʶĵȥݰӶôҲȻڼгзҪá
Щʱʱǰ֣ÿÿ𣬱ֺޡ
ɺ޵ûʲô취ǣֻúݺݵһڿˮ߿
Сδ
Ҫ㽫ţ͵ԥ̫½Ƿţȴæŵݸ֮ǰҪȴһ¡
ܶԣ⡰ԥ¡ԥ⣬Ǵ󵨵̧ͷλŮ
£ԸС˱ؼ
½㴩һɵĲۣδŮ˷٣ͷǡյģ⣬ü
˵ǾľѣȥͶһԥ̫أ½˵д˵yϸǰ֮͢Ϊ½壬Ϊԥ̫ء
½˵Щȫһ㣬֪˭Ҳ֪˭֪֪ͬʲô
ѵõһαᣬԲܷ˽˵ÿһ֣ӲؼԺʱٰ¹ʡ
㵽ԥ£ҪСĴ˵λأԥµһλϵ㲻ţԭ·ǣϵ𩣬ٽ͸ˣ
Ҫô˵ֻҪ˵ǰһ֣ȥȥˣ
ͷ΢ûȸϽʱŮֿˡ
·𿴳ոʲô½Цˡ
ҼʮɼͬУһҪŴҲҪͷӴ˱ؼҳԼȥɺã
һ˲档
οСˣʵСҲҹ˽


173 
ʱľƽ,һӵĻΧڼ磬¶Լż뿪ׯ,ȥһ˸سǣѾ˲һ¡
ֻвһ,ͷ,ôǸ,ż˻˳ȥոĴתһת۽ĻҲеģȲǼĸͷǼ,ȥ￪أ
Щĸͷ˸оʮҫ֮εؽ·ϵ,·سʧߣҹôӵеҰֵ˭ҵĺȥˣд˵,ɽѰ,ֻѰһƬк
ЩΣĹ±μ,Ǽͷȥ˳ׯӣЩ¾ֵǽˡ
ǻǴ󺺵ľ,İÿ˲ĵڶҪȥҵԵ֮,ֵΪʱȷΪ,һԶҲֻߵǶ￪ĵط
֪֮,֪еػڲϵ
Ҫȥԥ,ϱֳĵ飬˵ʮϲġ
ͬӼҵ̶һʣҾͷĶˡ
ʲôĵģʾһʱЩԥǱߵλ˿︾˼˱Ľ
ɫһ䣬ɾ·ѣ⻨ã
ʲô⻨ãİɣؿڣɾںСһεĲǿ׵ģôҪ͵λظϾǡ
Ҳ
ݷԶӣһ䣬ҳ̽һмĳ򣬺ôðЩ
·;Ϊ֣ǰݾڣ˳ϡ
ѽתͷ˯þӼ̶ӼҴҵ󣬴λ½ʹȻǶչˣ;жӼѴõ֮˵ЩסҲЩݲʤڷ꣬ɲ̺ãƽ̸Ǿȥһҹĺߡ
·֮ǰܳûؽ㽫ܽɾޱȡ
·˵˳죬ҲǰȫȻԹϴ;ͱ˸ӡ
ܶԼﱲǻͷӼ̶׻Ǹ硣
ӿ򶫶ȥһ̲ЪϢȴԶϵġɽ磬̴һ·϶ȥ;®Ž󵽴ԥµϲǡ
ʱѹʢģȴδˮ֮ʱ˵ŽˮУдٶȴһҲֻӼҴʮֽÿһͷബֻ֮󣬷żǰС
ʱǼ£ܿͲôˡ
˼Ĵ˼죬³ʳˮˮȻŻ֭ҲҪһ³û⾰һȦ
һǼ͸ԼҽϱҲô·
ʹˣӿʱϴҲ´
ؽʦûǵʲôȥ
ʡСĵʵʦǺ
ϴؿһۣǵ̫ƽݲɣʦˮ
ϱҲɫһ䣬⽭ϻˮѵû𣿡
ֽشʷǻ๥һˮԬ£Щ˻Ѱո⿿ūҲͰˣ⼸λһ֪ϸݣ
п̴ȻҲ´ˣվڼװһߴһƬ˼̻а˻İӶгԷס޵ĿᣬͿĨ欵ĸˣƺҲжǮȥ
⡭ģһ䣬⿴źǰ
ˮկعģǴʱҹ˸ģλ׳˵⽭̴ҲչʮϰңŸһ
ҹ˯ṳ́ܲʵ
лƺЩΡ
εɱӣεŶһͬȥӣε½ӳѰ棬һ·ƽԭӡ
¹ŢУŰ峵һؼڴе·ϡ
ͬʱúСɿ޸ס½뿪ȥѰʳòݳеĶӳΣһһƽأһ߱׾ذοСɣͬġ
ǶʱȻǱˣһҲûеĺ;¹ʲô
˶ֻ֪Ҫ½ɾܻᱣǵġ
뿪һµҹȻµᷢ
֪ڿ־ʲô˹
ײʮȣСҲûУһƬڣʲôҲ
ƺ˼У˿޺лȼյžд
ˮཻļ֮
װȥطԸʲô
Ҳ˯ˣĵһΧǼϱˡ
ֻһ䡣
ǴСһ½㣬һ½㣬ô
ӼҵĴӰȻֻͣͷԶЩѣˮҲãǼϱҲãʱѾ˵ӣ̬ɵ졣
ΧȴȫȻӡ
ˮƯȥĸʬЩ˵ģʣһ֪ˮûݶá
鴬һͬƯȥ
ҲЩǻƯȥ
ʮվЩ׳˻ùӹ˹
ʮȥЩЩ˵ţ鴬壬̸ʬ̵ʬæ·ٽЩ²壬ȻѾܳǡˡؽЩƽ磬˴磬ʿ˴磬ʵڲʲôҪˡ
˹ˮ򣬱ˡһҹδߵĴϴ򶫷ڽһ䡣
ȻãƽԭҲãҲգƣԶӣݵţʮסá
ݣ಻죬ԳݣѼȡ
ҵĴˣϴһǣ׼ˣ
⿤ϵĴӣʦҪһȻ˼ҵĴӲǰ׸ҲҪܱȱˮһӵϽǿöࡣ
ƺƵҵĴ®һ·ϣ˾Ž۶ϲͣ˴
ϲԥ¿ĴǣƷ˳ֱƷܻڴ˽㣬ȷʮַģʱĹ֡
Ѿе
Ҫ֮£øϽһʳİա
ֽ̫ʲô죿Ŷԭλλ̫أ
ԭλ̫زϲС
ʮһǣ˱ԥ˳ΪǡǽԼһ࣬ϱšڴͣĶɬ̶ӣҲЩϲдȥ
֮ǰ˸ΪʵˣСǾеʮ졣
λʿԳԥ̫أǱ͢ԥ̫ϳģ޴ȥֻǡ뿪ϲʱд˼ٱʿ޷òģЩʿҲɢˣƾοûʳûʿʵǸƵĵ
ǿ֮⣬Ҳûʲôܽʳ
һҼҵصŰݷãȻֱ⼸Ҹ˳ȥ
Ҳһٱˡ̫ءͷΣΪǵİıһĸ
ЩȾƳʱЦļˡ
˵£ҲŹЦļˡ
ʹλңֱΪԥ̫أȼرʲôأ
һյֻܶڳǽǵǼé®һҲֻ˵ǸԺЩλ̫ءƺ뽫ǼСȥݡֻʣ˼ͣٽЩһ߻ֶֶŮǣλ̫ءǹ¾һˣԴУ
ôڵʲô
ڵȴ͢Ļת⣬ǵȴԮ
ԥ̫ԣ㲻һ⣬նݳ£ܲô
취ߵĻſһɫһ±ŵƫ㲻˵мΪʲô¶óôȻȫ£ѵûЩǮ
ƫȻ򣬷ԸױǣȥѰǼɱʱҵ


174 
Ҫ˵ʱլۡ,ȷƾɵЩˣ䣬ʧ,ľʴѾЩҡҡ׹˷Ƭ,˼Ҳȥϸ޲ֻܽƬ£Щɲ,´꣬С궼Ѱ¡һ꼾󣬸ɲݷù,ڱ㵽˶棬·Ҳ̦鷳,治ʳʪĻҲʼù
ԼûмҾ죬ֻ˼ֶֶŮ,⼸Ȼ,ֶʮн,Ҳпࡣ
Խ,ھΡֳǰӽչˣԼ˾,ȴҲЩľء
˼һ,ϻȡī,֮֮ȡһ빳
֧ëõʮƵ,Ѿ΢΢Щͺ,ǰ,дС֧ë,ʱͬ,ʱѾãЩī֮Ҳ׽
λһ£ʿոдţԺǰ
üëһԣ£
һλͷ˲ΡΡ߽ڣȺˡ
ãȻؿλСͣ̾һ
ȥɡµͷֱһ飬۾
ֹһû˵ʲôһ󣬹ȥˡ
Ϊ߻˿ԹĶǰıƺʵıиСС覴ã覴벻ġ
Ѿûʲôˡ
ǮĴȥҪӣʵǮþˣǮΪ̣ʣµǵ˿ױ˶ġ
壬ƣթʼʱ˵ⷿǵģ㸶һǮ
˵ڳоסһҪɸ˰һǮȥ
ԭԥ¿ڣ˭˰Ҳղԥ̫صͷϣƵȴһٶթɸһҹլۡҪһʱѣֽһǮ
һνǮǰи˵Լҵϱˣ˵̫ؼòСӣһƯĻ͸̫ؽһס
Ѿʮ࣬ͱҪҲǲֶܽŮ޸ģҲΪ¶ģһѹףһǮͣǺ˵˵ȰǸһҪֶֶŮͳǡ
ǣһΪ˵ԮȴҲһζ
ȻΣ㲻ӣҪԥ£ķϣҲƴ⼸Ӱɣ
Ǵʱŵġ
Ż伫ˣɨһۣд󶨡
ǷŲͲˣϸˣزţ룬Ҵ򿪿һ־ͨʵһ·һ룬³ͼˡ
ǧλ̫ţԥ¿ȱ㲻ýţǴȥٸ֮Ȼǡβǡȥأܾá
ŲˣΪʹô˼ҳĺӣҲóԺֻܸǭײã˵ǧʯĿأиʯ»׵СҲסġ
һλ̫ء˵صĽµ½ţضм㣬ȻӦʣʰңһͬݰɣ
֣ô¶
ʱǼϱһȣԼ˽
ʱתΪݵشƫϵԵʣСǾȻʮůԺдУЩˡ
ߣԵͰԼҶСһʿΪҲΪСּ䣬ֻܿȡߡ
ʿһ飬ڰȫעؿŲ̧ͷһۡ
ʿʮͣϴЩɫϸ΢ܼ첹ĺۼ̧ͷʱݶ㲵Ҳӳ
Сݱ½񽫾棬һ񣬡Ҽųʷ̫ء
̫ءʱʿüǵ˵ͷںδ
һ仰Ȼǧˣһ·ࡣ
һ䣬ϲԣȻشӻнͳȥ
ʿӹ򿪣ϸϸؿ
ʱֿʼ۾⿴Сڵİ衣
ҳֹأӵȷƾɼˣȱ˽ŵ¯ʯשİвõһϯϵձҲȱ˿ڵġ
ڿʵúܣֲ˵λ벻ΪˮǴˡ
ǼǵõģڿǷţ½Ŀתλ֮꣬Ǳݣ˲𡣡
һ꣬Ҽһֱ̫ءɵӦһ䡣
ƼˮˣǷض˰ϣȰһͬݣΪҪأ
ΪҪأ
˼ҵ̫ظʲôΣѵԼ𣿻ҪȰ𣿲̨׾Ͳ׼
Ȼ̵øҲˣǹ߻˵˻˵ģȻֻǸǭףʱһԸ·æڵ
ں̫ƽİպʿ˶ȥˣҼҽԴһʱʱ̶̿˼ΪֻĴţܰʹ𰡡
½û˵Щ
ȫŵġ
ʮƶ˵Щ˾ŲʮֻҪܸƻȥ
λʲôãǱ׾ʵڹЩЩ˵룬Ӳû˵ġ
ƺһϱ㸡ֳԥɫ
Ϊ¾˵ʱȻˡ
ԥְ̫֮˵ȥ
ô̫أ
Ʋ˭أ
һЩûôӱ³ˡ
һݣδûп֮λ
ɫһ䣬ǵ׷֮ԣȥ
常߽һ꣬ƺһ£ֹһ񣬡֪пСͻˡ
£ɫֻһʹˣʲôҪĿˡ
λΪ常꿴һֿһԼ常Զ֮ͣС۴ɨͷɺã
ԥһص˵ͷֱߵǾ鿪ʼ
˼£ȥǡ
üĿ΢Цһʾһȥ
Ҳ׼ˣ⼸é®дˡʯ̾ͳһС·ϣݺߣһңҹֻίλˡ
Сɾ˿С˷ˣһҹ߶̫һｲЩ秵Ŀ׻һ´ֻ꣬þ档
ƺע⵽Ŀ⣬תЦЦ˵޷˵常ġ
ΪΣ
δ㣬оֹȴѾ˼ơ
⡣
Сɾ뽲
ף͢׷ľ常ԭΪԥ¿أ˭
ʹȻǡ
΢ЦҡҡͷʶⲻԼ⣬⡣
ݶ㰲Ѯտɴսǿлƣ·һ·Σ
оԼͷƺһ㺹
ҹҼңǾټ뿪ѱʣָΣ
⼸ȷ鷳ҲȫȻûд𰸡
һ·İȻǿӼҵĴӣ
ԶҪϸôȰ˵
λѣ̾ᣬϷŹһңҪأ
֮⣬СﻹϱŷÿĲȻżе³ç˵ǳҳϿɿ
ʱиӺȻһĴȣʲô˵һѻ𣬸é®ˣҰȥɣ


175 
һ,Ҫ
ôҲȥЩɲݾ㲻ãҪֱӽϷ,¸ɲյڵˡ
ֹʱ,һϱȻһֻ֣˸ʮֵơ
ʱѾҹȴ֮,Ǽéݣ£Ҳֻһյ͵ƣҲϨˡ
˵ϰ,ҲͻأϾʱ,ССûмǮ˼ҡ
ҹڽ߶˾ͺ٣Ҳ,Ͼæµһİҹܻƣ˯,ʣ¼ʹû˯,ҹҲڲѵ¿ĵ·
ҹǸԲ֮ҹ
Բ,ƾɵǣҲƾɵլԺ
Ӱǽһ,Ľӽ
Ų,һŲ,Ь䲻ͬľ,ҲƤѥ,˲ʯ֮,Ƿ΢
ĵصһ,ȻŽԴǽ,һ˫۾ڰɢĹ⣬ͬһĵĶһ㣬̽
Ϊп͵ϢЩɬ͵ЩáԼ¼εģҼȻ˯Ȼ޷
ŷǼϱǴ˶ģ졣
˴˻ʹ˸ɫָָ棬һƣҪȥ
ȵȡһλ磬Īӣ˵һǽء
ϱеɻؿһۣ
ȻҲܷС취ǡ
ϱ˼һ˵ͷ߳ȥʱһĹǷߵǽ£ȻǸOO@@⿪
˺һϱʱӳСݵĵƻɫЩ졣
˺ǻţһ̵ˣΪʲô
һ룬Ҳ벻ףִ˽Ų
磬𣿡
λСɾ
켫ˣæӭ˳ȥ
Сɾδ
֪ǲ¹µԵʣɫԵüף׵ЩʧѪɫ
Ļﱧһһ˫۾ԵˣȴԵЩš
ոλǡ෬ֻΪ͵ز˻š
˵̽լۡΪ˴ɱ常
⻰¼ˣϸȴʮֺ
˭ɱأ
ʳʱС˵ȴǰ⣬常һھݣһղð
Ȼô·ҪȰģ
ƺ뷨ò˵øЩ
常ڴˣѽ;ǮȻʱǣҲؾݵġ
һȻ
ЩֻǱǼȲֲߣͣݵԮƺԶҲ
λʿȻǸֱߵˣͬʱҲޱúģֶӣ˼ͨ͸뵽һ㣬λСɾˡ
Сɾ˵Ҹô
ػصⲽһ룬磬ϴǮûУ
Ǯ֧һǴˡ
Сɾ۾ƺ˵΢ЦģֻҪ常ǰȫݣҽضӱġ
ˣ
ۣԼƣúܣҹļʱѣÿÿε˳Ժ
ʱİ߹ҹξ̸ͷһʱ˵
ˣ㹧ƿţ˽ʹǼϸˮء
һַŻ˶Ǹڡ
ǿͣǰæĵһ˵ЩԼġ
ŵŵӦˡ
Ȼû䣬Ҫλʹһдһţȥ
Ҳ֪ﻹʣʲôʹʹߵġ
һ߻ҵţһߺϴһѣң֮С
Ȼ
ǸʲôһˣҲԥҰ
̫Ǻε֮ˣҲԼ
ȥĪ˴ҵۣ
һ̫أҲװģЦˣ
Ҫǻ
ȫŽʱȻһѪܵĶԽţ˽ҽڣ
һʵģѪͷɭ׵ϴһ㺮⣬һ˫׶С۾ض
ˣŴ콫ⶫóȥЩЩ
˵Ǹʹس˹һֱǸ˶ģ׶ͷ
Īţʹ˵һƣܱȫҰȫǣ
ſ־壬Ŀƿȥеͷ˵
һͣǰ
Ŀ֮£ſˡ
һ߹ڲҴҵӼߺޣȴֲ˵Щʲô֮󣬲ŭˣ
һطݣԮҪĹͷٽȺһץɱͷ֮ޣ
ϢϲʱҲɫһ䡣
Ц˭ĵӣȳǣ㲻ٻˣʮױݶȥشҵģ׷ɱ˱ǣ
ǣ
䲻ʲôҴ壬ټӵܲФߣŰأ
Ҫ˵ԼһҲ벻⡣
ƽŰ£ʿ˸߹ڲⲻǶûʲôʿ壬һ·ڽرۣ·ܿ˭
·رʺܣڻüëˣﻹЩظͺˡ
СɾҲǰ뵽ҽ̹ˣŬػһסЩ˵˳
С뿪ʱʱݷҼһλ˵ҪѰ˵˰죬λճ£ֻǵΪԪ
۾һ
˵
˵¼֮ʱӦȨ֮ƣһҪ
λŰʿ˳Ĭһ̾һ˵Ԫ³ĸǾѧң˶ʮ̾ǵѧʺͼʶ
Ҳ벻ȺǸżҲһССɾɶֵ̾ĵطӦˣˣˣ
ˣ¶ܴľģҲ¶аɣ
Ů٣Ű£ǵкɢ֮ʣĴӺ˳ȥ˵İ峵ţŮϳϱ峵ɿسˡ
гȥʮλ߹ڲʿѰ·ߴïܴæͣƽ·ߡһȺǰյļױ׷ʱֻˮｫҪɢܵѯʹ·ˣȴʲôҲʲˡ
ȵպ˵һȺ¿ǶӼ̶ӵĴ
Ǵ˳£ٿ켫ˣһҹԥ¾ڣٲαװֱӴ׷ǰȥʱ򶫶ȥѲ˴ӵټ
ڲڣһߺȲ裬һˡ
ΰ¶ɽһ˵νһ
ⶼСɾ⣬ʮֲ˵СɾΪҪƵϣ
ͻСһҵԽƼ֪ɲʲô£Ц˵ⷬøͺ
Ȼ˹ǰͰ£Լʱһϵлˣʱůģʮƶȥ֮϶صؽ
ʱƿڴ
϶ڸҿЦλŮȥһձȥûӣǷˣ㶨Ԭ̷ǰˮЩɽˡ㾹Ȼ˵ĿأڼܽǣҪˡҪװ鲻ꡣ
ԥ̫ʷȼװʲôû
Ⱥԥԥؾַ֣ˡ
Ӹͷ½ƿڴȥһͷûͷûԶɱһ


176 
Ѿȥһ,ջ֮ʱݵİû
Ԭ̷Ѿﱸϣƽԭ,£,Ӵ˼ˮԱȫԬңݴʷ￬ֿҰ,ֻݣ˻عϽȥˡ
ȴȥ,Ȼδָļ뿤֮⣬ֵܵԬ̷ľֻ㸻ı
Ԭ̷ݵϢ,ʮֵģдŸ½,ʾҪһﱱڡ
Ϳһ㽻,ŵĳ㲻ʲô˽˽,ҪλԬҴս,ҲʮԸ˸Ԭµļλıʿ֮,˵Ԭ̷˭,Ҳ˵Ԭ̷Ƶ˭
һ¶ݵҪǽƽݵı߾,һɱ˿ŵҹҹվڼſ,һѹɽ
Ϊݵİ,ݵʿ,ԼԼ,ҲԸԬ̷̲ݡ,þǿɶôҪˡ
ݸոƽҪɨڲ·жҪһʱ䣬ôƵһʱҲ޷ɱħ䲻֧ԮΪҲ̬ȣ˵￬̱֮೯͢Ϊݴʷ
ͬʱԬҲ˱Ԭ̷Ϊݴʷ
˵ϻǺͺģʵ̬ԡ
Ϳֵܼܲסˡ
½ԭûݴС·ճ̱ϡ
֮ҪͶжģжũˣģܴʳģ
ʮּ򵥵⣬Զ벻ܸٻ
еũȥʿ˼ﵱˣеﱻռˣеʳɽˡ
ҪһҼҵʿ˴һҲһһɽͷɽ
ʿ̬ȴֱЩеũ˱̳ϴ԰á⽫ǶᣬѵܴǺ𣿴ʱӣʱ
ȥ̬ЩȰʿˣ̬ӲЩʿ˺ũһʼӣСϰ峵ǸƷǡܲٶûӣˣҲҪˣҪҪ㿴Űɣ
Щͷ޴ֵĵط͸ɴЩȥЩȻϲ񣬵Զм壬ҵЩմ״ʵмˣǶ֮黹Դ壬⹤ɸǡ
һʿ˾ͻ˵һ֮󣬺ôԸϱ໧ĹĲ鲻Ըؽ˰
һʿ̬ȻǲУֻܶһֻȺħħʲôҲТʲñӿһۡ
ʣһСʿ˻ϵģǾֻܸıһܾӵѹˡ
붫ڴССʮ¼½ֲֻ˼ǵӰ;棬ֻĲ⼸޵ʮɼ̣ȵһĿǣһǺӶһλҲʮְԼǹ½С˸Ҫĵ
Ҳ֪äǼäôҲԼ
½˸ţ̼֣ţǰȥʾԼмҪطϼң˴Щڡλճյıûס˳ţţȥʱҲ͸һԳ˽ȥ
λɫʼˡ
ţʿѹڵϣͷȫǻҳ½߽ʱǷŭŤ١

ԥɫһ䣬ǰһŭʿ䣬Ϊβ죡
ʲô죬ƽľȥǡ

зִ硣
ԥǸµģһˣȻ˼ױҴ߿
Ҽҵ㣬㽫Ҫ£ƿڴǬټͣԻ֣
ôҾˣеͷԣ㲻˰𣿡
ʹ˹ƣܱƣ㲻ǽıĳ谮ţҪһɱ㣡
ӻ֣ˡ
ǰһƵ˵С˻ǣŵʱ򣬶űĹеرס
һ˽ǽӽ⿪СͻӴܣص˽ҪԼ˩ӣȻܽС
λѽ֪֮ıҲˣ⿪˶һѻ׵Ȼͺ¡Ƶģˡ
Ӯңܱסļҵƽľ˵ε
ֱ𶶡
ϣһ㣬һ䣬ƣƷˡ
Ļû˵ꡣ
ĻҲ
Ǹɫ˻촽ţҲţһ

˦һºС
һѪԺе
ң㲻Ϊɱһ֮
ԵʿһѸޱȣĽ壬һʱ˵
ͷŸЩ񣬡˵ʬ嶪ȥι
ԾǺʴȵģֻ˼𣬶Ҿ壬ֻɱһɱЩرӲرļֱϵжǡôضˣū͹ȥÿ˷һصũ˲ʮ֮ڲֵأͶһ£ٷֵزҲ֮ǰǲʮָմˮС̫̫ܻɻģܱһҪǿɣ
֪Ϊʲôͳ˵С⡣
ԭ翹ǡ˵ɫˡΪݣܶ£Ļ֮١
ǲôˣøֱ׵㣬ҸԱûɶϵ
Ǹ½һȮ蹷Ĵҧˣ
б޾Ǻã
Ϊ֮ݱܷâ
ѵǻҪɣ
һʱˣ˵ıְλҲΪġ
ԪĻҲĳ
ҪʯȪоɣǿһ⡭
ͳȥˣ«岻ʣŲòȥ˹ꡣ
ȵԪǷȰʱ½׼һС֡
ֵţţ˼һΪδʱˣұ˰ɡ
Щ磬ұǸ⣬ԼԺҲô򵥴ֱ˴ҵʱҶжúȦһ̾ĸ߽ƷС
ʵЩǲǿġ
˵
ѧ갰˵ûʲôҪ˵ѧġ
űӣЩŭԵǿоơ
ǿ˰
֤Ǳѧø㡣кºͣҲܿҵģ·Ŭˡ
֮ҹԼԼҹһһϴߴٲŹҺǿǸϽ˰갰ԶԹԽʳΪҪʱϢƷˡ
֮ǰԥ̫ʷս¾ΣóĴǣ
Ԭ̷ܵõˮ֮ȫأˮҪȴꡣɺܼ򵥣뿤ĵֿˮѣѵԬ̷Ҫʳ
ʱս˧ǳǳʳȥģؼҲΪʳء
ʳѸһ֧ʳͻŵĿ⡣
Ԭ̷һ
·¼㹻ڽʳվԬ̷ٳ£ԵľһǽߺıڱŶӸڶһɲǣֶʿܸɳɶ˭֪˭ﶼ֪
Ԭ̷ʱ䶨괺죬ʱһСǲʳܰȻںĵĵϡ
½ôģԥôģ̫ʷôģȺҲ˼·ܶԾϱҵ˼·
Ԭ̷һСϷ
ǹͼ⣬ʹߴ˽𲯣ȥڵЩǴкߥŻ𣬹ǡ
Щ̩ܲɽ㣬ǿ׳ֻһȺݻƽܣɢضڱֻҪɳĴ𼴿ɡ
ǿڣûУ
ڳڣȺܽսʳϴһա
Ϣʱλױػ˻֣Ȼȥˡ
ζţؾ괺Ԭ̷ʱ㹻Ǽصʳ
ƿڴ½㳹侲ˡ
Ȼϵ˷ָȻѣʵ֧ûйʲôġ
˵е㻵ģҲ˲ĳˡ
֮ѣ͵취һ
취֮ǰλݱݵԼΪĬϸ˵
˵ױΪУֻҪһǧʿܹ
Ⱥ΢΢۾
ױΪڣҪǧʿע߽Ķ򡣡
̫ʷȿʼԼĺӡ
ױΪˣҪһʿܾȵ
ԥɫеЦõؿˡ
Ŀ̱ѵǼܺ˵𣡡
ЦһǺԶԶԶطЦǴ֮ĵطİɡ


177 
Ц˵ҲͰ,оô졣
ҪҪﱱ̫ʷرо顣
ױѧʣ,ԴǻǺίģΧ,ƽ֮¡
ƽ̫꣬ʷ֮ܿУӱһ·ͻΧ,һһﱼϮƽԭ˾ȱ½ԥӡ󶼺
ǴҲЩܣԥԥһ䡣
̫ʷȵͷʹ,һ
սȻܸڴӡ
,˵ǧ
Ⱥ̧ͷ
һ,ԬΪ,Ҳ
û˵ҪԬ
˼Ļ˵ȥһ,˻
ȷԬ̷ս,ֱӳȥڣֱӿսҲ̫ˡ
Ϊ,Ԭܺڿս,ԼһǳΣյ¡ϾԬһ,ܲپͻ,Ƶݻ̫С,ܲסԵеѹ
ǲ,ԥü,Լ˵,ƣĪ˵سǵʳҪ̼ʱ֪жٶ·
ǳȺҲĬˡ
ڳȺǰ½һúܶԽԽ鷳֪ͻ˸ơ
Ůرһӹȣ̰һƾ
Ŵҵ濿಻ð
ԥԥػǿȥˡ
Ȼ̫ׯأ
ǳȺе㲻ضһۣû
и߹ָ̼ţȴˣԵӼž
Ŀƾϣһֻ°ͣר־¡
ܺԬ̷սԬ̷ȻҲԸû±ǰսҲǲҪ˷ѿ͵һ¡
Ҳ˵ֻҪһڣһɣһ̨ף֤ûйԬ̷ΪѣôʹʵԵذ˿ڣԬ̷Ҳʱȫ濪ս
ҪڣԬ̷ҲҪڡ
ڵأ
ǰ˷ࡣ½ͻȻûͷûԵô˵һ䡣
̫ʷһ㶣ҼΪﶼξƽұǷ֮£̸ࣿ
ץЩɽʣЩͷĿô
ԥ˿̫ʷȣȺҲ˿̫ʷȡ
λ׵Ὣ۾һ˲Ȼ
ûУЦʣô㹻ˡ
Ժ⣿
ûԥѯ뿪ƾö
Ҽ;㲻ң´ӽǱ׷ǡ
ǣ
ǣ
ԥ̫ʷȴúѸ٣Ⱥһ£һ
˼ίԱͬѧǺ֣һҲ
ƺܴ󡣡бʾһֱ20ֻӷλ;
Ӧ㲻ϽҲ㲻ϴʾҪֻ˵ڶѡ
һֶεİ취˵һõĿˡ
ƭҡڡԬ̷ܽܵġ
Ԭ̷ܽܣһ㲻
һҲ̫ȷô롣
ھӼװ׷ԼԼɨӣûԼͬ⡪¶ȷ͸ŵԵ
ˣǷϲôôɣĻ״ɣʱھô죬˲ˡ
ȺԸϣʼЩλ½ġ
һϵ̸¾ֹкܴϵԱⷴҪˡ
½ĳֻ̫ͣݳʱȺûж࿴һֻۣСֵ࿴һۡ
۰һսȫݽԾԭҲ֪˵ĴڡǸǭ׵ĳȻʿཻ֮
˭һλţţƽԭ֮ǰɱΪƽཻⵤ𣬹ʿǷѾ˼ҲҪȥ
أ˵أȡ˵̰ɫ˼ҵҲŹ
½㵹ǲһʣ֮ҲʲôӦ
̬ʲôֱԼҪˡ
ٿЩеΪ־£ŬҪȡͬģ
׸ưˡ
Ⱥ϶ֽܿԼˡ
ЩлûĽܻмͬ뾴⣬װġΪ˰Ĵ˵ǲȡһŮӵĻ˵һϵͬر
Ϊסǵļ߾ȫα֮ʣݶ飬Ǽǵõġ
֡ڡ˺ܿЩ̸ֹӵˣҪȺֹۣҪ̸࣬ҪׯأҪþѧҪ
½һҲϱߡ
ȷʵǸ⡣
Ŵ󿪡
ǵĹԱõصڳ⡣
½ԥҲеĳȺҲ˳
̫ʷȻڡ׷ܣЩӲʺϴ˿ǡ
ȺԭѲͶģʵҪ
ͦ򵥵ġ
Լȥױ𣿡
𣿡½е㻳ɵؿ
ȺŬ΢Цһ£ҡ
ã
ʵһ㶼òȺŭ߬һȭͷƽһΡ
ױǵʿ˵˸иѰֻϻܵķ顣
½Ȼһ룬Ѱ𣿡
ȺоԼڸ졣
ѰˣѰ˵
ȥȥ¡ں˵ɢɢҲͦá
ӭĹԱ֮У߳һʮ꣬߹ڲʿµıڣľ١
Ⱥһ֮ǰζԻֿһ½
ƽϴһ˿ϲᷢʲôµ¶
λ³оȻһ㱨Ŀ⣺ΪܺͿڹͨȥͨԣȻ֪֮ǰҺ㹵ͨʲôоˣ
ǰʱʵͦġ
ںӭǽǣʺһòãҲ֮ǰسʱ䡣
һսҶˣ˭뵽£
ͷױ
ñxǲ
еѧʣʲô˼
СĵؾתһҲ˵ףһܽҪϡ
ؽ
ڿһۡ
Ϊ˵ʲôϽס죬ذڳϴļơ
϶ɽ

ֵʱæ˵һﾰ棬ü缤ľ֮ʱɽмüõĹֲ¼꽷֪ε䣿
ؿſڡ
تY⣬𽷶Ⱥװˣʱǽӻӵúܿ죬ľͨţ
þƸ̨ƹѲҲһ⣬˳ȺӲǸˣƅ¡⣬Ӷ١
һ٣Ժʹ˾Ⱥֽһ仰
˺ڣ
˵٣ڳ裬Ⱥӡ
ãȻĴȥ
ĹԱǶһҺƽһ㲨
ݻģԥĴ˹˵ϯұȥѰЩ١
һ˲ۣѰ
ҾҲø֣֮°
½žƾ΢΢
ǵױ𣿡
ⰡҪĸھôԴֱӸȥɻٺõƢҲըƿڴ
ԥܵسЦһЦ
гڣǡ
½ڱ˴ʮ죬ÿ˶ææµµ
̫ʷĴŹܣҪʳҲ׷߽ݣԥڿűĹȥףֵİղҪ˼ҽĸ˰ø˼ٲȼȺÿþƸ̨飬٣ĵ伮⼫ˡ
ʣ½ʲôڱĴߣѸɽꡢׯ
Ͼһֻǿθˣ괺Ԭ̷Ԭܵľʱܲصסÿ
ڿڣ
ƽ˰
ĸ˵½ּܿλ࣬ϽܷԲܲʱ־طһڵвڵĻҳ
ĪҶ
˵ǸĸžŻѪˣ֪ǲġ
֮Ҳ뿪ˡ
һѶ׷̫֮ʷȽһ֧Ҳʵǿһ֧ڲ¡
֧ƽܻдһ˿ʦʱĺ£սͶ
һƵʬɽѪĿġ
ϢڸʱȺ塣
˽ݱ֮󣬿ɫƽһӡ
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178 
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ǸڹͨǹͨϵģǲʲôطֻҪһܼǵסܼס·ߣܼסɽ߶Ⱥ,еô濨ļ¼ǡⱾͦ¶õϣѰ˼ԼڵͼһºȫһͿĵͼ
ҵϹ,Ϳɳ,Ҳ㴩Խ˵ʱԮôɳ̣Ϊɽȣָơۿֱ,ȿ϶Ҳ֡
ɳΪԳȺ˵е,̫ʷ˵رĺԵ
ԥʲôԥűĸ·ٿ,996
һС𣿡̫ʷתתȥ,ͻȻſɳƽλ,ʼ۾ɽ߶ȡ
һһƳһ,,ʺϲˡ
Ԭ̷ְֱ£·,ұڴһ
˭ţ,ױģ
̫ʷеεӡ
,Կڵķϲ̶ȶ,Ԭ̷Ҫ꿪򱱺,һֵסģԡס΢һ֣ɡס
һοɲá׷һ·׷ˣ˼ԬӵĶĿä
취
ôһߺ̫ʷ죬һɳʱСܽ

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ŲԼдģĻˮƽдţ֪˭ʣһ鷨ʮƯһͳ֮֡
Ϻܼ򵥵˵Ѿһӻصһжá
ڰǾͲˣ˼Ǳصʿ壬լӼûס˵㣬ʰʰסһⶼûС
ȥҪһ
̫ʷ̧ͷ£
λˣ˵ԥ̫Ҫȥǲæ
̫ʷһڴؿ
Ҳȥһ˶˵ץץ
ץʲôĸν̫ʷȵĹ磬￬ȻߣҲˣһţ̫ʷЩݵʾɣҲһ
λ佫¶һ˿Ц⣬á
ʼϴ֣׼ŵ£̫ʷȱ뿪ˣһȺš
Ⱥһ˿ضգգֿۣƽʱͺܲͬƺ˼ʲô¡
ģ
˵𩣬ϳԥ£ȴ֪䣬˵ԭǽǡ
һȻŽͭ裬һѰϸ֣һʣʲôǣ
ȺϢΪ֮һ͡
ǧ𣬡˵ǡ
ŶŶеΣȷʵͼ
ֻǰɻ׵ĽӪѡ
λһķίԱֶһֹȻˡ
⡣
Ȼһ֮˳Ⱥ˵û˵Ļʲôˣ˵ǸŻĿڰɡ
⿴̸ֹʵǿġ
ʱһϴЩܾĴ
֮ǰ۰ǸʱҲ·УȻʿװԾЩҲѲȾ
ڻص԰ϸֱ˼£ͷСڣ²˷죬ʱ˵һѩѩرг׵ʿ
ֲԤСͻȻڡ
ʲôԤУһ£ѻ죡
ϸеһϤϢ˵˵ȫν˵Ҳνġ
˭
û̻ش𣬶˸ӣ֪ġ
ػع£߽ˣ󻹸Դڸһأͷƽ̫Ҳһ񣬡֪α
Ͻ̨ףǰһѣӢſݣʢƣٷϾˣҪ˲š
⣬еĻ䣬ֻЦЦθҵɥ֮Ȯˡ
е
ʱȻŲͣһ¡
ܻعλ湦ûβ

С˼룬ĺʰ񣬴ӵĺù٣ܷŹأС¶ģҹǼλ׳ʿͬĺЩǰ߶ţʹ˼ٰӣҡڵسǣȴСɾСӼλĵǴ˵ŴҲֱˣؽϣһ·׷ϣֻ̳ӱޣ硪
оʲô˵ġ
ú棬۾ƺһ飬ȻǻǶβ¡
ٿҲú棬ĿȻתһ¡
תȥˣһúģ
ô˵Ѱ˼ǵˢһˢĺøжȵģдȥΪɣ
յŵʱ򡭡ڳӡ
ҲѩʺΧŻ¯߳Ա죬˵½ţææزֽ˹
æӺЦС½Ľݱô
ʲôݱҲ³çˡһ˵һߴſ˿
һüͷ˳˼
ӺǬ࿴һۣŵ˹ȥҲǿһ
Ǹܵȥ˵ӼȷʵӷϾ¼˵ƷжвŻҲֻϰЩæѣԪģұ㽫ȥ˵ȻЩҵޣϾǾѧҳ
λʿĬֹ
Щʱչȥˣ˵ĸҲûϢҲҪдżзǱֶܴȰʲô
ǬѸٵؿ˼ӺһۣӺֿ˻
Ǭѵؿˡ
˾٣ǧйǡ
¶һࡣ
һ˽֪𣿡
ǬϢΪ֮һ͡
Ӻ̿ԣʱʱŪһǯӣͼȡѵþټˣǱһ̫أҲ
λһ£һʲôݿأȻ̷Ӧ
Ϊݵ̣ԱԱȥԵֲǮһ½رڱ±ôȻҲ֮УһԼ϶εأȻҲƵס
һ˵ҪǱƷ˵佫ȥأÿһ£ֱϳϲǵʿʲôأ
Ҫ̵֪ձ߸ϳ
ԽԽöԾһȣôɣ
²غ˸Ըȥдţ׼ȫȻûӵĺʲôӦ
صɵúƽ
ȥֳҾȻԣȴҲĶأ½ڣǲصԼرıȥһ뷹Բϵġ
ֶֶŮʼ˼Լ켣
˼ţ˼ţͲЩȻ
Ʈѩ
̺ϣ̿裬ŴƮƮ׵ѩ̾һ
ԼѩһƮ㡣
СȻš
ڷ񣿡
λʿеûӦЩٻʣ£
ĹģСصȥ뿴
ɵؽӹֽģſźȻ̺
ʹʵʹΪξ£
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ϵȻˣȥذ崫һһ֨֨ѽѽ졣
ʰװź䣬ʰװʹ೯͢Ϊ̫أҡ
Ȼͣ
תͷֿСݵؽ磿
²ҪһССȻҲҪش
۴ҴææܹʱѾ侲ԸȡƥлλС
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λ½
ȥˡλСԭǿظشȻʮܲ񣬻𣬽òȥѽ
ɫˡ
ߵ˵Ҳ𣿡
˵ֽǼŽеһ֮󣬲߹常ϲеȵǣ常ġ
̺ϣ̿裬ŴƮƮ׵ѩֹ¶̾˿
һ˲ʲôˡ
Ҳ̾˿
常ǸͶˣʵҲо顣
رóָӵľ棬·ͬ˴򽻵常ʺڷѧʡ
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ΪλС½̾
Ϊصһ룬С½϶ԸⱱһڣһȻȫµʿܵġ


179 
˵Ҳ½Ϊʲôǧ,ǻ
·Ѿܾá
Ҫ˵常ĲѧȻҲеģΪشʷЩģĿء
С,ȴѾʶĿ
ҲãʷҲգ˻·ߵҰûʲô,Ϊǡʿˡ,졣
常λ½һ棬Ҳ벻ʲôرĵطһ֮У
λʿؿ常ۡ
常Ȼʮ࣬ͨ,Դʱʧ˷޺,ЩרĸֵܽüˣҲǹ֮¡
һֵͷ,Ȼͷһ
˵˵常ûô,ûôͨ,԰æֳǻҲضᾡķ常常һӣһƬТģտɱ
ʮϽԼЩ߰ͷȥ,һ˼,С½һѣȰ常Ρ
ǵ常ԥԥģ,,˵ֻ
常ȥҲ,˵,ֶ˵
常۾ת,˵ʲô
λС½ЩרᣬСĵ˵Ǳʿˣ갷񡣡
ûǵᵽһ¡
ôȷʵλ½ר᣿
ңľΪ֮½˾ȥƽң˵ص£Ҳ½һӦ˵ȥģþƸ̨ȫȻֻ뼸ѧоѧʡ£ο½ר᣿
常ʼ˼
Աĵš
常ë̺ˡ
ȥҲ
Ҳױ㡣
常ųüչų˹ʣС½Ͼжǣȡѣ
常˼ǣ
ػ˼ˣ˴ձȥ
Ƕˣ˶Ըضİ
ʹʮҲ֪ȥǲҪȥͣһµġ
¶ԼĲ⡣
常ĻشӻС½ѡǶôġ
ɻ빥ʫ飬ûľѧң¶΢ЦҪһݺ񣬽ȥǿױУΪӣҲǰĲɡ
ݵãȻУױĲѧԿױƳ硣
̸֡˿ɼٻӦ䣬һܡˡĲɷ£Ҳһ㶼ѧ
Ҳѧ
Ԭ̷Ҳôá
䣬ƽԭߣĺЩе̿յüȣʮᣬҲⲻҪһƤë멲ֵܵһһķѩ˳̿멣ŮΪ˸С¯һԣʱһ֣ʡд֡
Ԭ̷ķΧһų˼ֱͼ߽

ķѩ죬ӲΧ¯ƣ˰Σʵ˾壬ͼЦݵ¹ȻҪҲҪϧ尡
ͼº͵Ļ·ȾƣԬ̷ϣüĿչ
һ
λʿϾ£
Ԭ̷һƽ
Ⲣͼ⡣ЩѾǿ֮ĩսÿһ뱱Ŀ⣬ο½֧ӸĴսϤñףһ֧ƽȻڻ¡
˹ͼֻ˵ͷȴӽ˵
ڿ˭֪ˣֽһˣԬ̷̲סˣΪ³Ц
ʢʵһѧ׶񣬡ͼЦӲ֪
䴵Ԭ̷Ӣʮ־ᡣ
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½ƽܣҾٳʱѵҲҪسô
Ҿǵ£Ԭ̷̾һ
ͼͫһ˲ˡ
ЩԼûеıʿԬȴıʿ̫ࡣ
ͼȷÿ˶вͬĵͬ˵ǣ˭Ĳ˭ľͱһ鷳¡ԬǰܾЩҳ֮ԵľʵޱԴ¶ıʿ֪֮ЩҲԸġ
Щıʿǲ棬ҿڲžѣʲô¶ԵıʿִһܰѻиɻǸ˭Ļͳһ⡣
ڷգıʿҲڷգ˵ͼżͻƼһֻ񣬸ڵ߳Ե
ȻԾҲУһˣΨһصıʿˡ
ȡ
ͼֲʵʵĻѸѹͬѸݵٶƶԼļƻ
Ԭ̷ûвͼЩӶ΢˼ڼ˵ȥ˵ʱҸ빫սݣҲִ罫ƽ֣ЪʿҲʱΪҸЧ
ڼڵĹʿͼ̾һһΪıҲò
Ԭ̷صͷͼ鲢ïؿһں󣬻Ȼתˡ
ϧһĶӵ£ڼǵ΢һ㰡
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ϸ룡Ƿսã￬˹һۣǴģϯȫݵĺʱӣֻռݣʲôݴʷǴһ꣬ͷȴ½Сѹժˣ
һ˵ҪǶվԬ̷⣬ɵλӲ˼
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ЩͷϸĻͽԬ̷ĶУ̬˱仯
˵ò¶˾ģ̷ҸȱΪʷܲȫݣÿұ£Ʊ
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Ԭ̷һסλʿ֣˵һ֮ӷ˼ȥûЩ˻û˵ڣֻǸжҡҡͼ֣ҡҡ
½Ȼû˵˭ӷҲŬҡԥ
ⳡѩ߰죬ȻֻҪһߣ䲻ܿ˭ҵéݶѹĿžͺܹϽ¼ӱѩҲ뿴Сˡ
ΪԵʣѾûкúóԷ˯һֱڲͣĴһһشߴٸصĹůļ߳Ͻȥѩȥ֯־֣ȥЩɢ񣬿
Щٴһ䲼ȥȻȻе߸ϵɣЩչСΪȼӰЩֵʩҲ֮ʳȫûĿ
ֻҪһϡ࣬һϡ࣬Ҳܶȹѩ졣
Ҳܶȹ졣
Ҳܻȥ
½ĴȥʱԷ˯ɣȻҲûչҲܲµڵɫʵڲÿȦڣɫҰף˶˯زĺ֮С
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Żŵظѩãã
ԥ˫۾رţôҲѡ
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ԼԼƮѩˡ
Щؼҡ
صůһŻ¯ú˯һ
ÿһڼ˯
ʵ֤̫Сˡ
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Ȼ䣬ȺΧ¯ӳԳԺȺȵʿһ㶼䣬෴κ˶óǿּˡ
㳪һ䣬ҳһ䣬һһߺȾƣһߴӡ
ƽӴÿԻܲݣ
Ǹû̻ش𣬶ЩƳϣѭŸ½㡣
ǼλҲ
Ⱥһ˲¶һ˿顣
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Ҳǳ̤ѩ;£̬ŵ֣һȾƣ
ӰȵԵʣſڿ˰죬ٶ۵Ӳ벻һ䲻ֵĻش


180 
˲һԶܱԵ
֮ǰ,½úףԽ޴ҵΪֻûȨĿز,ȫûС͡ƽʱûС֮ҲͦܵСĵ㴦Լ֮ͬĹϵҲ˵ôϲװ
ûϢƢñˡ
ڿԥѾ007ֱ˯ȥ,ڻһѩһ߳ԳԺȺ,ƽζƲסˡ
˿رһλʮĴ塣
˵ɾ͸ɡ
ڿλɫе㷢С½߹ʱ͸ое㲻Ծ
۾ŨŨӡô˼ѩģǸ,˵ѩ,˵Ƿѡ
ȻͤӻδվͿˡ
,ڴѩ,˵,лλء
ڶԼְ֮ǺܿأֻһѺ롣
½ѩ,Ͼѩ,ǿڽ˻⼸ࣿ
ѩ಻,ݸ,ѩ,䱱,֪ܿ,˿ڣĿԱױȴڴң
ĻһڣһͤӶˡ
ѩƮʱž֬˳¯һƬ̣Եøˡ
ڵɫЩÿû˵
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Ŀģһ룬û
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ͤ־ˡ
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½òҲ֪Щǳææش˸ԲׯЪһЪ
ܳˣûøôȥʱЪһЪԱôһ͸Ъˣ
һǸþͺСӣֶԷҲڵ
ڵƵԾԾԣʱ׼ǧ
˯ز㵼ûøôȥ½ޣָָ
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ڿһ˵ʲôˣתߣôȺ֮
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ȥٺԥԼҲ˯һõȥݷһλֶӣǰ˰֮±ȽϽȣ¶ûü˵
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˵ûϱصڱΪʲôûʱ˵Լؽʱ;˺üλּ輧Ǯˡ
ܰǼλвϱ˵ⶼǸûе¶˭ţҪûţһͷţҲҪأ
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֮ܶ˿ԽãǾͽˡ
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ԥŵʱȻûôҷǣһĶŵɾ
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ԥȻ˵ͷ·ÿˡ
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С갰Լһ֡
СĸɵǼǿóһЩأټ𶫺֮ǰսʱķϵأ±һһָЩ͵軧ڸҵط£԰˲æЩҼ죬Ҵ۸ӵȦҵտֶСĵط
ǳҲһ֡
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Ⱦͣ˼ң˵ʱջԾ
ֿǸ˵Ҫ۹ô
λ࣬Це˵ָߵͰ
ôУһ÷ָߵͳжˣ˭࣬˭ľΪʹΪΪ𶫺աҪһߵͳźã
ô
Ҫ˵˭Ŭһʱ벻Ҫ˵˭ǼֱŵģһĲҰ꣬磬ڲ𣬷ԼܳԵĶأ
֮˵ӷ˵λһһԴ۹ơӷͨ㡣
һī̽ڵƻһƬ貣һһĽƬҲһһʮıʯҲһһ
˾һƬоȫǸߵľ۱衣
봽о۱ȻĿ⣬Ϳ˷۵СЦЦ
ʲôӷ˵һǮˣĳƵʲôľ
ͻȻһ͡
صȫ˰ֶ˵Ҳ൱зһʣӷ˵ͺһСһ⡣
һҲûԼͻȻסȫĳޣֻؽ˫£̾һ
Ҳ̫Щһ֪һϵˣҲôƲƲ죬ھ񣬸ƼӱαԿأ
ĿӾͿʼ
˿գ봽һЦȥԷɡ
ԱߵҲˡ
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λʿ˾յЦһյƣ뾴
봽ǸϽž˾յһ
ҶյƣΨԥЦǺǵؿˣ
˲أлţƵ̨ʵڹˡ֮ʱ̨ͣԳǡ
¹žյ̧ۿԥһۡ
д룬̨ҵȻҪӦ£߸˵ؽ˻˵˰䣬ֵת˸䣬ҲҪʲôƻǡ
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֮ؿֲ⵶֮¹̾Ԭ̷ҰĲСƽԭ￬ǵһˣѵǲ𣿡
ԥͳȺ࿴һۣһɫ
һֱһĳȺȻˡ
Ԭ֪½ƽԭ˱ԺҲɱţΪҪأ
Ⱥ˵ɶƽԭҲŶȪǸׯӣˣׯֻ˼ԸߵҲָˣԬ̷ôܻɱȥæլӣ
е£¹һֿۣ˳Ⱥһۡ
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Ԭ߷죬Ⱥһ˵Ϊ˿͵ĸףᵣӵĲͲТȻðھأ
Ҽҽλ׺һңԥһһ̨ͣصս£סС棬ʱʱعͣǽѰ˿УҲȥһͬδԣ񲻿գ
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ȷʵ˵һûͬС½һԣ
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¹ʲôģ
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Ŀǣ
ȥҪ
ܹĴǣ
Ǵ򡪡
ȻӦˡ
ԥͳȺڿԬ̷ϵΪ˸߳¹ǲҪæԬ̷
ó¹𣿡
ǲŵġ
ûٴظп㶼ƭˣôƭ¹־أ
ΪʲôҪô˵
Ϊ˵ô͵֪Ҳ֪Ʋ˵ƶѡ
Ԭ̷һֲ࣬ɱȥԬ̷ԭǹоأڳſڵľͺã˭Ҳʿ
ӭӣҪʣҲҪݵݵ·
½ҪԬ̷ָݣסͶҲҪһ֡
ԭûпǹ½ʱȻⳡսܻһ
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˳Ŀ⿴ȥǸ֮䣬ʵۣһֱڼŵˡ
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ڣͻȻ˵ˣֻȰ˵Ҫһˣ
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ڿϡ°ˣ˵ɱܵߣºΪҼҽϿͣϡ
һӾˣ˶һ˲ʯ񣬴ءֵؿ⡣
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185 
ķӦǺܶ֡
,νһǳ,ν˼һûӦʱһȥһֻԾԾ׼սĴô׷롣
һƬУûаνûվû,ȵһ˫۾,ֱ⡣
Ĺʵ
ݶԭ׿,Ц½֪Ĺ,ѵҲҪ𣿡
ңɱӣɱΪ³һ󺦡
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˿һѨ
ɱ׿ǿԺʹ尤,ɱԭô˵أ
ǲݴʷ˵,֪Ϊ𣿡
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ǲ,ƺԼľյе˾ƣ飬¿¹پӣΪƼ鳼࣬˲á
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ŶʮͷⱲӴƽԭܻܵҲû֮صĴУȻҲûЩĻ⣬Իü
Ըꡣ
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ɸģѾˡ
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˵һȻͣˡ

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𣿡
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һ㰡ָһԸС©˵ЩʲôЩ궼ǼӣδɼңҲδҵ˲ŲԱ͵ԶͲѷǾþսǣԸԸҲ
䲻ش˸ö
ö֮˯һۣ֪ǲԸⰡ


186 
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Ȼ˶һëԽó,ԽҪһ,Ҳ,²͸Щ󳼵˼ԾͲˡ
²͸ԬԬܵ˼,²͸ܲ˼ܿԲһԼµ˼ɣ
ɵ˼˵µ,ǿġ
Դ뿪,һ·շתƮ㣬ֹǧ,ױǮ,ҲֻЯĶĹӡ,˼,˳һ顣
Ķ,һī̽ۡ
Ǽ·Ρ
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ϾסиɼҾҲǼ··ΪһʱҲûóôһӡ
ڶμǼ·ȴǴϣǴ½ϡ
ʱûвʲôԾĵطֻ½ûлһͬȷʵԵ̫أôġ
μǼ·Ͳ˲Ծ
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Ǽ·Ѿջ˴룬ǡ֮սֱʣѾȫȻӣȻɴߡ
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Ϊ½㣬νԼ

½㣬뿪

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˵Ҳеģ̫ѡ
ЩСᶼǼ˵ģȻСûʲôҾߣ齶ûУɲ̸Ӿʹպ˴齡캮ضڳѰôһŵĵط˯Ҳ¶Ѿ˸мˡ½ʺЩ޼ҿɹҲеطţϾһȺ˼һ𣬰ҪֻԣȻѾĶˣ¼ȻȺϸ￶ңǾ͡һ׬һٰɣ
궼Իؼҹȥˣ½Ƿ˼٣ǵȳ£ѩ֮ٻ
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￬ˣ˵Ҳˡǻٻ𣿡
ŷĬĬԷ̧һۡ
û˵˫۾һЩǲҲƽǻȻת䣬˵ʱӦóԵʲôԼ
￬ǲˡ
Ҳƽԭ
½ĿŽ뷹ϡ
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ܻȵԮģʹ￬趲ҲȵʹԮġ
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վƽԭǽϣңңȥԬ̷ƽȻ෴¡
˵̫Զˡ
ûдôԶͼ΢Ц˵ȵӵıԽˮƺӣ̤ƽʱӻ֣ᷢʵܽ
ëƤ멵Ԭ̷ںгĬһ̡
׻ῴ𣿡
ῴŬ𣿻ῴЩ׵ĵܵܳɫöı
ͼĻشܺ
ȵ쵽˵ͻῴˡ


187 
쵽ˡ
ȲһĲҰϵũ,ƽԭͷϵı䣬ȻĴ㣬γǵСƽ
λ˵СǺض,סڴ˵ķƽҲϰ￿,˸ز֣ʳҲûطô,ֻҪе̵ĸ˰,ԼͳֹĶںκСһ,ÿҪϽϺɡЩһλˡܾ,ݱءһλҪò,λ˱һλ,ôЩСǻҪǲºȥɲ
Щδתůʱͻ̹ǵĺˮ֮,Ǳ뺣ף,һѰ,ǵȷǸһĻƣеȥ֮󲻾þͿֶ,е˻еջ񣬻Щһͷº,ҪܾòŻḡˮ,ڵʱ,ǲ洬Ҳһͬ㸲
Ƿƽͻ̾Ϣ,һͬЩ,ͬԼ,ΪҪϵѰлûг,ºĺӣҪǣΪǲɲ
Щסں˱Ƥţţļ£һһ洬ǻҲá
˵ںһиոµĹңЩ˳Աů裬£ҪǸҪͨ㸹һҶۣƽѧʶԨҲĴ𰸡
ÿ쵽Ļƣƽͻ͵͵ȥظϱ߸ֵľƷһȣҪʲô¾ƲˣһζӾͺãһǾƽһЩȥճҪЩ¡
첻ͬ
ƽԭһЩҪڳ޽ѣЩԼɣϿխףƬƽԭǹĹ˹˵˼ʮҪǲãʮ
ڴ֮ǰ˼ҲôסҪ֪һԼǧʯѰһҲʳ
Ϊ˸Ϲγ⼸еƽ񶼱ѣ޷ŮǾһսøӼȣֻʣͯҰߣҲϨˡ
Щԣ׮۴Ҳûôߣƽ룬ǲٱº顣
ֻҪͰڹͷʹ£޽Ǽʮ֣ƽԭʳεϵʳＴɡ
һҪ˵ʲô֮Ҳδĳһ죬ЩҪʳȥϷıڱı߽ϣѾۼһ֧һ˵ľӣҪͬӤҪĸ
ӤлǵĸĸԬ̷Ҳ˿ںЩǰ¡֮ˡ
γǵԣǧ˳ǵƺҲûкõȥ
СλڱƽԭȥԬ̷ʱǧ˳еʿǿѾܵòˣЩȥݣЩȥݣЩԬ̷ԼȥˡЩʿǿ뿪ʱȻԼһӹ·Ҫǲ˵½ӹСʱʵϡٵһ̶ˣ׳У࣬ʣϲ·ˡ
Т£ʱʿܴԼϵĸĸȴЩ۴ǵĸĸںļпాĶ졣
ͺһЩ˽ūʵڲʱ䡪
Ҫȡʱ䣬һʱҲ˷ѣڱѩڣػů֮ʱϾȥǰͤһѩһԿ⣬һһѧʡ
Ԭ̷ľӶȹƺӣ뱱ʱǧǼĵһСǣ½Ҫӹ̳Ƿǽߺɣ⻹Ҫھ򺾹ЩҪǧ˵ף͸оļ֡
ǧ˵ĳǷ⣬ԥ̫ʷвͬһ⣬ڶ֦פ㣬һ˵磬ҲֺûвһȫעҪ˵Է
ƽԭǧտɾݣʮغӲկԬ̷Ҳݣ̫ʷ˵ʱӹǧˣڴֲˮн
ʹˣܴ񣬡ԥô˵ǣ³Ҳֻǧ˹ܲ
Ԭ̷ƹȥкã
ѵл
ڳٱҳǼлԬ̷
һȻ
Ĭһ
Ϊǣȥﶬʱ㱻ɹ¿ֿʼӹ̣ȻȲҲȲٴǣȻƵһǡ
ǧж֧ԮܱسһҲûг㣬ôҪȥ½ǿټһҲиȥĿعࡣ
ԶԶ㹻Ϊݵĵƶʮֲġ
һƬƽԭƺһΪΪƽԭΪǧɽҲѼǲ۲۵ľžս֮пʱʲôУСǣϹҲʵʡ
һ£ǧƽԭֻǣһ޽ùûκμֵмֵսƷڵڶ˭ȥһǣͯҲ֪а
̫ʷȺԥ۵ǧﰲһ֧ʱͻȻлԬ̷ľӣֳһµ⣺
Ԭ̷ԼǧݱǧԬֵūǧ½һҲôǧôֱأ
Ըǧˡ
ȴǰěimeiˮ֮⣬ǾǱƽԭϵһ³ǣҪһԴһ׼
һҪ顣
ǲǸոˣȻʵ
ԥ̫ʷȻ࿴һۡ
δԥ˵һء
̫ʷЦǶ죬Ԭ̷̵ס
Ԭ̷ȷ˼⡣
Աܹũˣϸѯ˶ʱ֮󣬱㿪ʼоһ˵г̱
ǧƽԭҲζǲȱũģֻҪ̣ôԼ깥ʹҰݡȷһֱûũ˻ƽƽؿѻĵأոеũҲеʳ
һ²ܳ죬·ʵڲҪһ²ߵڻû·ݣЩ䣬ʱĻʿ˵Ҳһ¡
Ԭ̷뵽һ㣬һϮʮֺʵƤë߳оʡ
滹ЩӲʿѾڵˤˤϵĶδ紺ĺ紵ԵøĿ
ĬĬעһӪоֱǰСĵؿڡ
̹ǣС
Ԭ̷תһ
һƤףһ˫ꪣʮ꣬ǽ׳֮ʱ
ʹһ׳ҲĿĶɫģһСڣŷۺɫ⡣
֪ΪʲôԬ̷кȻһĪھΣŭ˷ܡ
ؼ𣿡
һ㶣
ǶѾһûؼˣԬ̷˵ֽؼ𣿡
û¶һ˿ڴ
ںδС˾ںδ˵
ܸԬ̷ҵˣλӵƢԣҲܴһ뷨
мڵأҪ֣лӵĶ䣬ôԬ̷ľԲҪĶ
ɱԼߵ֮еʿ֪λĻ롣
Ԭ̷˿ûʶһ㣬еԼЩŭתΪսⰺ
ܺãֿЦһЦҹ±нŮƾȡã
С˲ңʿæһ񣬡ֻҪܸڽߣС˱ˣ
ʱȻ࣬Ԭ̷룬ʿԹҳϣж־ҲȫȫػرǡغһɱĿƺѾһ˿֮ӦеѪ뽹
ʤߵζ
Ԭ̷һ˲ȷԼڴ˵ȴĶ죬Ҫٳ£һ߹ǣһոıڿ½ȷŵġ
λĽĿ˻
ȥʣ


188 
򽥽ǧ˾ۼ,ƾɵСҲ𽥱ɣӹ̣չֳ˲һʱ,̼ҲŽС,ЩеķΣеķ,ǿ߰ݸ,Ϊжû˵,˲ԵôĿ
ӸżʮֻҲм,̵صȴ֮,еһݵ,һƤɫ,߸ߵȧȾźӡǵȷ汥紵ɹĺۼ,ϰԽִ,·ʱЩȦȡֻûи򣬶ǣһƥ
̼ͷͨʮ̸ֽ,ھĺͬһ๤ͷӿͿشûκ˵ע,Ǹ๤СͷĿҲûо쳣,ΪԶ,һĶ
Ǵ
ǴӼˮ
Ϊʲô
˵Ҫ,Ҷææ˳
Ԭ̷ľӵˣ
Ҳ֪,һ·,ܼ۵ʿ,Ҳ֪һߵˣѽѽѽˡ
ʲôûУ
Ҫ˵֪Ŀɶˡüɫ裬Ԭ̷ƽԭһҵƯŮΪױλŮɷ߶ӣͶԾֱһһϵе¼
ЩͬƽԭսһҲߣⲻǸʵһӶʲôս£һ๤ֶʲôս۾˼С֮һԼֵ̼سҲͬϤˣûôϸ飬ֻͰʮǮ󣬱Ǽ˴Ⱥǡ
˽ʱûлͷҲûжĲߵúȣĿҲƽʵżǻ̯λǰתʱʱǰһʼۣҲʱʱһЩļ۸
ЩҪȥǵģô˵ĹǶߵòˣʲô˻ҵأ
⵹Ҳδأĳк˵·ɳǳأ֪Щأ
ӺʵܳüǮ
Ǯ޳ǽôûǮ򣡡
ǻӱͬص˵ͷʣҪܼλأҵŮ˺ӻڳ⣬ߵЩסڲݳֲֻ࣬ܿǰߣҪȺ򣬰
ϴű˵ĺϣֱϼˣ˭ҲỳɣĶֻһ£ԼȺ򵽵ʲôǮ
ʵӸЩ
ȺҲûʲôŮ˺ڳ⣬ԳģֶǼٵġ
ʵһ㣬ԭǲٵģֿ̫ˣ˭ҲԾ
루qi ڶ㣨wu ڶ¹ãļ֮صѧʿжϳǸūˣ˳սµȦ֮⣬ĳҲãֹҲãҲã뺺ȫûġ˵ΪǸūˣ˸Ҳ⾫
ΪһūĶʣ¹ǲңңһǧ˳Ǳȥģýϸ鿴һ
ɳǷ
ɵˣ
Ǹ߶٣ǽ٣ɿ
ĳǽֵסʲôĹе
жٱ˭ͳ죿
ڵĲͼܻܲ
Щһڽ¹Ҳ˿ûбֳɫ
ϱѡһסҿῴǺأԵ˯Ǹɲ̣ȡů̿װʵ̿ȷҲǳ˵һҿᣬЩһʲô඼ܳԵĺǸûбԹԵˡ
ĿϲģͣãһȽǮ
ԹǻæŻȥϢڴ졣ѰĿƷ˵ԭеӣϾռһӣҿԭЩ䣬Ǵﷴ˵
ǿϰô
ҿ޵룬¹ЦȻҲвٱʿǣô壿
ҪбҲھǣλϰҪ˵͸ȥǲǣиֵܣұھǣ˵ѾһˣＷöס£룬һ죡⼸ʮͷʲô
һˣ¹ۣҲ𣿡
Ǳˣ˵Ǳ߹ģʲôУݵģݵģ˵ݵģϰƲƲ죬λʹдͨöҿǱݻҪɣ
¹ϸżӦһ䣬һӲæŲԡ
ϰ˵ĲˣʵˣôЩأ
ЩȻǵĳǡڿ˼ҵĶһҲûòԣʵĶԼˡ
ͬ˵ϰ߷߲ƽװװӣԻԬ̷СˣֻʿʲôҪᣬظԼװˣǸ
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һ£ȻȻ΢Цżһ䣬ƽԭʱǴӹٲģȻȻٱǸҲۿǭףֻʮʯݣֻҪиСҲ㹻ˡ
ϳʱʱʿܹ
ЩҾҪӱˮѹһѹҳ߹ʱҪСģҲ˲ҪǰȽڡ
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ʿأ˵Ȳڡ
ūĻﴧԭҪ¸СȥתһȦ֮󣬴ͷ
ֻѣģԶֻҪԶԶһǸϾɵĽѶܹûбɹҲ˵ûͱ׼
һ޵öộû㹻ʿȥվһ㴰ֽ
ˣ¹ǸˣҪһǳؾܲܶɴв
Ҳ벻һȺԬ̷µū˳һһأһһؼ·ݳߴ磬;ϸĻǳصĲ֪ĻһᾡֵøһЩ
ʵϡ֪Ӧαֵøá
ںʱˤˤȣҪҽʦҪ幤ǮҪһΪǮС˿۵ѾֹһΡҪСȥǮС׺һǮŽ
ڴ֮Ҫ׶ȥǽЩҲøŪ๤Ƥ޳˭߲˭ȫ񹤻᲻¸ȻҲԻ๤һµģǧʶֵС£ֻЩıˡ
ǽҪǽҲҪ湵ÿһ湵ĵĴټǮ֧ĿҪǵ󣬷ԥҪȡ裬Դǧ֮󣬾ûô˯ΨһҪٱʿǸСͷĿ˵ǰŷɵĲ͸½̷ʮϿܽʿǹܵùؾأΪ
ææµµǰ£ô˼ȥһ룬ǲʲôأ
Ǹ˾վԶһ£ͬһС졣
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¡
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㣬ǸͿˣЦҲ࣬㿴ɣܶװˣ
รรСޱСޱֺõЦһЦС˿˳ǽſ
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磬ǣӸŸһ飬С˷˼ʮͷ·ϣһ·ǡǡ
޷ⰲο⼸̶ӳǣҽһСľǡ
ʿ˵ºͣ棬¹ƭдһ飬ܸЩǣܸűسһߣֹⳡԻ
ʿЯ¶壬Ҵææ˹м飡
Ǹʿ˵ͫһ˲ˡ
¹õһ£װ˾ȵ顣
Ԭ̷ǰѾΣ˵ʲô£Ͼߵñǰ죬ҲԶ
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ŹصúϣⱾѾˣһ˿һҲûС
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ӵ˿ƾϣ̬ܾãûж
۾ںҹ΢Ĺ⣬һĹǰɳϡ
ߵɳʼ˼³֮⣬ֻƽԭ
ƽԭƽԭƽԭ
ǧǸҴƽԭݣӹ굽˵ҿǡ

һǧ±̫ʷΪļģԼӲԻˣܾս

һ˵ܲס
ûпҲûдƣҲװûвеĳĬ
Ҫֳݣһʹһ棬ʣµһֲսᳬˡ
ǧӹɵġܽһı㣬һࡣ
ôԬ̷أ
Ԭ̷ųǲܵģȷ˵ҲһıмǧݱǧݱǧԬɸūʣһ˶ˡ
ʵ󡣡ôһ䣬е̶һεغԹȥˡ
ҪһսĺʱڳԬ̷һ˵һ߽ĿͶɳ̣һҪԬ̷ƽԭ
֮ʵ㲻˵ƽԭ𣿡
һ
ƽԭİʮʵǺԶ
һǱƽԭøЩ
뱱ֻһۿڳ򣬼ݵʳ˳£εһ·Ҳûʲôվ
ƾעɳ̣оԼһ֡
Ҫһ㣬ϡ
ȻԬ̷ǱŶģ˵Ϊʲôȥأ
ҾõȻԡЦһ
ںڶ˳õļž
Ե˵ʱûеӣҲûлرܣʵΪʲôڻرˣˣ
Ĭ˺ܾá
Ԭ̷￬ʱ˵ûжΪʲôҪôܲµõԬܻǧū
ūֻڲЩʿᣬʣͱһ⣺ЩūУж
ǸƽԭԷܵĴƽԭ
ȻؾǣǶսĻаպԬ̷ģǱɵøҺһ̵ķߡ
ⲻͳ˲ܲٶ֮սԬ̷¾ǣѵڱȫɱӣѵһɱԬ̷ԲˣأҲ׼ˣѰն¾
ͷͷһһôô̾Ϣ
ⲻʲộ̾ҿԬ̷ľ˵ҿǧū
Ԭ̷мǧūҪȵ죬չⱱȫ
½۾
ⲻһܺԥ̫ʷ⡣
Ϊͼôƽԭǲһҹ˼Żǳƾʲôҳ״
սĸоô˵߻һʷҪƿȫֵĸоô
ͦʹġ˵ս
½ûϢܾãˡ
ۣƿŵʱźһģеʹ
Ԭ̷ѾΡ
һĸ硣
Ԭ̷ҪܴĲ㣬ʿǿܻᲡܱһߡ
ҲʹҪ뿪ǣҪסһĶ󣬻
Ҫȷ˭سǣ˭Լ˭ԷֱȥΡ
Ŷˣøдţδõôࡣ
Ҫһ¡
ȥ˵ʡ


189 
½ż롣
ͬЩ٬,ģԼĻ룬ڵĻԵơ
ƺûдƾе̡
ֻٱʱ,ҪȥӵǧݱĲܺ,ǵıʲôأֻװŪ,úڲͳ˼װʦĶ,ԬͷŻܺ顣
Ѿǧ,൱ɹ۵һ֧,ҪԵĵ˱ӵһǧԬ̷,лūҪԬ̷ľ,ҪСһ㣬ֻܻ,º֣ΪҸһЩĵطոսǳս,Ԭܾ˵ʮϵľӡ
ʮ,սƥ
ڿС˵ִ˵ֵһᣬսһ,ҪһĵʮϰʿŹ񫡣½˵ؿƬ,ٵġ
պ,ֳʳ,ļʿҲ١Ǻܶ,òôʳιǡ
ļһǧʿ,ڳԱ߳Բһʱ֮,ʣ,٣٣ʳ㾡Լļҳϣһɢ
Ԭܵʵɼһߡ
ͻĳһγõĿ˼֮ʵʵĻ룬˵ܲҵ׵ӣ˵ܲİ취ôִʳ
ŲԶ½ѸٴĻѹ
ԥ߽ɳ̵оʱλͳ˧ûڸסϵ˿ƣ룬ԥûɵؾһ¡
ҲǶɹ̫ԵʣķɫԵò԰һЩ۾еɫۼյʱԼ˫ְȥ
ǵ԰ס̧۾ʱû˻һλŮɡɫЩƣ룬ҲЩգ۾ġ
ǰһ㣬Ӳɽ಻ơ
ԥһ
΢Цһ£أ

½˵ͷȻ㲻ⲻͬѰϢԥ
ܱԤһ£ȷԬ̷ǰˡ
Ѿӹ̳Ƿڻݣܵһеսǰ׼սʱԥǸоͷƤŵһ˲䶼
ô׼׼Զǲġ
һͼˡ
ԥ̫ʷ֮⣬༸¼٣ЩͬҲǸղܹ꣬ʱʮִæ䲢һ˲ȾһɺˮϢ
ȺпܻüӷҲܻסӣоȽϣоӦ൱ˬġȻ½Ҳûж⼸λƫʲô˼档
Ԭ̷ǰѾΣ˵ʮչӡ
һ΢Уܿ־
ûıʿҲЩʿµĿʶˣλʿأȷʵףÿóԺ˯˳оĽ׶ΣµҲܿףȥ͹ϱˣ«Ҳܿףһ͵ϴүൽǰ
пľֻԥ̫ʷˡǿһѺС
Ϊ̫ʷûзһ䡣
ݵƽ̹˵ƽԭһ·ԣƽԭû·ƽԭ·
С¶ˡһϯһϯ顣
Ԭ̷ңūƽԭϴĳ۳ңοҾֻǧϱܴһսģ˵ǵ취
һƬһӦȻ̫ʷȡ
ȱңȻˡ
̫ʷȣȴȣһ֡Ȼˡĸо
λ佫Ѱҵ㷽ʮֳڵ͸¶ѶϢһص뷨̲
˱ʺϴ̣һ˿ͷȻѸٵץס
׼ɳȥδ̽һָָɳԵСǡ
Ԭ̷ųƱһǧ˵ı䣬ƽԭƣ֣ȷιʿԥԥһƽԭڣԬ̷ǲ֪ӹرأ
Ҳڿ⡣
ԥҲڿ⡣
̫ʷȺûп⣬ڶ
оһƬž
Ϊѡ۵
ҺΪѣֻҪȥΣԼô죿˵ЩļıʿȥԴǣ߲ξɢˡ
ֻҪƵõǿԾŵоġζ˵
ȻԾţԬ̷ĸࡣ
Ҳζţ֧ӲǿȥʿԼ佫ȥ޻ء
ԥؿ̫ʷȵʱ佫΢΢˵ͷ
˫۾̹̹ȫȫ⣬ӹɵΡ
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ԥһ˲۾
ţ
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ǧƽ͵˵÷һЩؾء
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㹻˵ǧȥ¾Ĵ־׼ˡ
ܴԬ̷ס̫ʷ˵ֺξ壿
һܴԬ̷վҲ

о
һľͷ̵ı
û취ȻӾıǽӲӵĽɵĻСò̶ֶѣľͷ̵ģֻҪƽʱעⱣˮù𿿽̿Ҳܴպá
Ԭ̷ǾͰʳˡǿݹȥղҲҪŻŻ
̫ʷ˫ΪӢüëһ˲ˣ۾Ҳˣһ˲ʲôĴŴƵģʲôû˵ֻǽӹ˱Ȼһ
ڻʣǧԥҲǧسǣ
ԥ°ͣ˵ʲô
иСٳˡ
ϸ˼
ţ
ССĵ˳һ
罫ǣ˵ݱسǼɡ
Ϊһ֣ʣµĶʻȥˡ
һԱ֮±سǣֹܡ
ؿǸСټۡ
һֻ⼸ǧʿʿᶼܱٵȻڻ£bing ïһλʿֶλʿȥȵĵˣһӸչˣڱšһڳԵҲǡּλʿļд󲿷־ôƽˣٲַܷһµģ׷ˡ
ںмأЦЦӣһæ
ïû˷ܵ㵸Ǻйصһ
ޡ
ˣʿȷʵԻģ󲿷ָܲնԣѧʶмأĻҲڣһòƽƽĺӣĻͶķҲ̽Щײϸȥ
ͬҲ޴̰ȻڸµķĹͲϣҪȡ档
½㽫һпʱ׿ȵ֮ٻͷЩʿҪô졣
ã˵ǧؾǿɷ񣿡
ԥȻһ
һ£½ٽӪҲͳ졣
λʿ̧۾ݵضһ¡

ȱһ֧Ķ顣
½Լǧмˡ
ǸδŮ
ҲǶҪ
һȺŸֵ˼ܹˢĺøж
ôͲܰһ֧
ע⣬кֵܻһ䣬Ҹܵĵлµķա
ģ
˵еġ
ôôȥɣ
ΪΣһ
С갡ȣ갽оһˣ˵ŶԣСɾˣѳ¼Ҳһɡ


190 
Ȼ׼һСһ֧,˵ʵ⼸꣬е㲻֪֡
ʿװȱĸϽ,ҪĸϽ޶С,һʱҼˣ⼸Ҳ˷,ʱʮעϴһ¡
С갰֪Լû취귽,ʮصĶ,һ˫ɵƤѥһ,һʱܴ׵״̬,ģ
Ǳ׼ʿ,߹ڲôǵòľ,Ǵ˷ģææ
ӷ￴رġ
һӲӵ,һ󴮶Ľ,ϴɾˣ
һûͿ۵ӷ
·˼ۣȻĿƿ,ȥɨˡ
Ԭ̷ͼ׼,Ͼչ,˵,ǹ,׼űʿ,ǻݡ
ӷһ㶡
С갰Ե۾Ծؿ˿Աߵˡ
ü
ʵΪս̫ʺ,Ϊûֽεε,ûвԹɫɫʱ˵ǵĻ
һԵףΪ«ֶӣµǵĴӵܣѸٵطӦ
ɷ򵱽ҵܹ󷽣СҵȣλϵʿͻȻսԸΪȷ棡
С갰Ա̼ˣҲǰһ
ǴʱطݣкĿҰ֣˵ҲԸ׷潫ң
ﻹʣһû̬
ԵĿ⣬С갰ԵĿ⣬Ŀ⣬ԾضͶӷ
һѺٽ
ôɣɳǶϷ˵ǣĺΰ
ӷƲһ£Ȼ󿪿ˡ
ʵǲô˵ֱ˵Ҫʲôɡ
һƬš
ӭУ˵ҪǸھУͣҪһ֮
˻࿴һۡ
Ѻݣ
ɣ
һ£ǰһν£¾Ṽ
ͷӷ˵ұ㲻ˣһǧͷӡ

˵ȥС档
Űƴ·ѵøֳһĨͣС棿
ţݹȥһţš
¹ϺһĿˮˣЩġԱ⡱֮⣬ͬеݲûʲôչԭܼ򵥣
ҲҪ̵ģЩҲҪصģ̻û꣬ôǮţȥ¹ů
һʱһʱԬ̷Ǳ߼Ȼ룬Ҳ취æ
Ȼһܶ
һΪıҪݾڵĺǿܣΪҲⳡսⳡսͳױˡ
ӷ˼һ¡
ô
ʮ𼱡
һ˵һѰ˸뵹ˮԼȡ
·˵ͷðɣԭȻȥ֣֮мãһǧͷӾʹҵ˽ȿ۳ˡ
½һˮӱ
ʲôǺᰡǺᰡһǧͷʲô˼ֻ˽
С갰ææǰһõµĵط
һۣԥһ¡

ֻ֧ôأ˵㰢ֵ̩ɽһãһ·ϻǡ
С갰Ϊѵ۾
ҪΪѵĻ̾һ
̩ɽҲʹıС갰ʹش˵дҰ֣Ҫ
»µὫ̾ˣ¶һϲ˵ͷ
ǾͰˡ
ôá
ܲŭš
ڷб˺Եľս
жӵʿ˽˵Ҳǲ֮ס
˭˵ͳأ
ʱ̫ɼǲġ
Ԭ̷׾Ϯȡ˰ݣ￬ˣѵĽס
˷ѵû˵һ񽣣
񽣣
˵λ񽣣ͨ׵Ϊȱ
Сˣ
ꡣ
Ÿ̨ӰʿҲ
ݱ½ͱһͬ˸̨
ǿʵڲССˡ
һɵƤףһɫۣڷоҵضȴҡ°֡
Ǳ֮һĺҪ֣ȷʵۡ
Ǳ˸еѹȵλὫ
Խһ˿˻ƣʹɤſ˵ֽһֻ־£ߣʿǻҪ۾ڿ塣
ױиңӽҪҵģнֹ
ʿǶԴ˲⣬Ŀתλϵˡ
ھվߣ߹ڲȷ̫Щקڷҡڡ
½ȴһ
λʿ˾ִ֮˵ǴݶģҲ˵ܹĿѣǳءׯǸ֮һ档
ǵȷ˵ܲٵľ𣬵뿪ʱµһصսϱڲԫ
սȷģܲԬ̷Ҳ˵ǱˣվߵĲǵڣǵۣͬǵֵܡ
˵òЩʿǱˣ˾һһ鶼ͬ磬ͬ壬ֵͬܵ¡
˵ʱЩųìƵʿ㽫ìڵϣһƵ
ҴǳΪԼҲΪǣΪǵֵܣǵĸĸǵ޶ǵļ԰˵ҪҲսΪ˽Ԭ̷ϳǵļ԰
뿴԰ȼһ𣬸ĸڵʬѻСɽģ𣡡
עһ˫˫ŭ۾ɳƣȴŲɵ
ǵĹ磬Ϊս
һֱԱעһ仰Ҳûн
ֱٻӶ죬ʿǿʼӪȥʱλʿתͷһۡ
ֱΪʲô˵
Ӧòǹھ·ģΪⷽ0֡
ǿһ䡣
ױʲôָ𣿡
ӡ
ˣ־ھѣȴ㣬̸̸ֻʲôָ̡
⡣
ҵȷлҪԴ񽲡ɫȻ÷ǳࡣ
˵
λ޷Ѿм˪ʿоĶ飬ԹԵ£Ա£Ϊ²Ա֮ӦԵʤ֮
ַƽսŰܣΪЦƽȴ͸һɲΪĩʥ͵Ѿû;ҲٱʲôϣΣѣǰʹ
ԣһۣһҪʤλ΢ЦǾȱһǾȵ񡣡
ʱûʾڵ¶һ˿죬˫ѾβƵ۾ϿȥҲϿȥ
̫ˣƲһ⡣
ҲǸͷ½սʱ̧ͷһ۷͵ֵ֮ʱʱֵǵ
̫ˡ˵ȥˡ
ޣ㣡һŪõѪζ
ڱƽԭϲۣСһЩͣЩͣмʮˣЩÿҲҪеһĹ˵չţ򣬲鿴ﶬҪָ޲ݣʱҪһľˮ
ǲҪææµµˡ
ΪԵֵסǧūʱŶ
ȥȱһģһ׼ũˣūֻмϺõ乭
мһֹ䡣
ȻЩͷñ¶ͷ٣ūֳӣһӳ֮УһУɱӳİա
ֻƬ̣İҽ㽥ˣȡ֮ѪЩŨֺصɫ˷ʹȥԽżӵ֮ϡ
ѩδȫڣѪȥ֮ðһ
¹ùʱıһ龰
ֵͬǴȦ˷ذƤ֮󣬼˿ܣ͡
żм䷿ﴫŮ˵ĲҽķֻлЦ
ū˵ƽԭϳ۳ҽӣʵ㲻ʲô£Ψһֻк¹ĳҪСͬ˴򽻵һСľɱ֮
֧ͳʮغʣûѯϢȸһơ
ůůӣİСȴΪײеūͷ˵ȻǣʲôϢ㲻ҵĶĿҵߣԸ˵ġ
¹ö룬ڽؿڣ֪һн˳
ǧճǣ֮ףֻ½ԻСԬġ
Ů˻üı
ҲֻǶʿıЩϷһСͷĿ˵ҪǱǴѵʲôİ취𣿡
һºãһСͷĿЦܵúɤӲζ
ƳһǼһ˵ͳ˧Ůˣ˷ֵܡ
Ǹ½֪ġȱ֮˵ǿɱɱġ
ЩūϢȻΪ֮һ͡
ǵȷû½ǵĸ汲ͬ¡İԵȻҲ̹
Щֵܱ֮󣬅˼һӳϣȻ¶һ밵Цݡ
ϧǣµġȱūͷ˵ҲǵóԷġ
ôʲôѺӣܾסǧūĳأ


191 
ʱʱǷɿ,ʱǼģͨ˵˾ʱǼȿġ
ʱ̫ʷȵȷָо
ʾ뿪֮,һ·ߵò,ûбֱȥ
ǧ֮󣬱һ֧ǧ˵Ķ,ڱѩƽԭ߹ʱ·һӣҪעǺѵġ̫ʷɳС̽飬һ˵ǰԬ̷ӳûĺۼ,̱Ϣ,ͣסŲ,ƿг򾭹ķ
Ǻʱģ֪á
κһ֧ӶȫԸرԼ,Щÿ첻ʱĴѲ,ɫʱŻ᷵سС
Ҳǹʲôʽαװһ֧ӣţӣĳҴǨ㣬̫ˡԬ̷µԶ½ЩȥѸ磬һϮЩʿóʱ䶼ûСǽ֮֡
̫ʷѡеķʽ,Լ,ȻҲαװԬ̷,½ھеĲϾҲԬܾдһʱ,ΪԬܴƺɽ,Ԭܽ񣬵Ҳйʲô浶ǹĳͻһܻסأ
ǰҹɹƺӡ
ûбůѾ䱡òѡˮǳĵطۏˮӡ
ˮ伫ˣˮһѵˮеıһѵһСľͻὫ˴ñˣѪֱٵȥ
Ϊںˮů֮ǰѴһͬӿʱƺӲĻƺӣŭĻƺӡ
̫ʷʿľƬֽסҹɫȹƬгûĵط
֮źǰУڵγֻʮĵط
Сƽ˿ûвһ㣬ҲᵣγʲôΣա
Сפǧʿ˴δֹ
ЩʿǻᵽƷгԳԺȺȣҲ׷λķԡ
Щʿ¼ûһλ뱾Ტۡ
ȻӣҲ׷õܣǱ𣿿ǿƽʱһ֮ս
ʲôɷ򣬡ǰĲǴɷ򣡹ôǱǼ˴˸һͿأӢۣаӵĹ趶ˣȮӣѵǸԾѧĸڻʲôԬӿ
ԽԽ࣬ԽԽƵЩʿΪԼ±Թ
ҲǼݱҲԬ̷Ϊʲôȴɵسǣ
ûսûͣҲܳӣҪ֪Ҳ˳ǵ޶Сǻȥ٣ɲǵֿտյĻȥ
ҲЩţؼȥԼСԱů̼ܶ
γʲôսأսƷأ
ƽɧ͸ǳػʲôΣˣֻÿڸۿæµʮʱ޿̲սźá
ֻǳʲôʣԬӵزźá
Сɧѹ˿ʣ¼ŵζӣûô¶ǵľƣһʱЩԥ
ζ¾ƲЩ㹻ǵ»ףƷһɢɢѾеݳˣﻹһ¾Ʋأ
ŲֶľƷＸһƽʶߵߡ
Ǹʮصʿˣһۣ˿ۣŶȴԵۼˡ
ȥǸƶصγû׶ֵγҲ
ƺûƽ㶵ضֻ΢Ц˵ͷһָָֻ֣λá
¿ɷ񡭡
ʶҪƴķƽæֱȻȻ
ʩʩȻĶ棬΢תһ֮Цһ
ǴҲпϯֻǾദЩ
ǴָȻЩʿԺֵĵطƽֻ֮ʿ˵ĻֱԼˡ
ǿЩʿֲҵǣҲϲԬܸӡǼ޶壬ֲƽԭЩʿ˸մһ⣬ôϲЩˣ
뷨ֻﰵһ룬ͬŶ¶
ֻİǰƽǴˮˡ
һٱ㷹ǰֻʣ¼ŵζӣԥ
ڴʱҰһ̿⣬һ㣬һĵãһʮָɾĶ
ƽЩĪĲˡ
ȴƸûв磬ȻһЦ
˵εζӵһȴˣʱǷԸҡ
ƽǵɢææԼֻʣ¼ζӵĵķһƣﵹ˼ζҩȷʵǼζģ㳢һ
곢һüĿչȻʿڡ
Ȼζӣôһͬ⼸̼۸񲻷ƵĲȱ顣
ԳеߣԳɾС
ȻһѲˣԵò࣬ζ֮⣬ֻһ㶹ԣʣЩƲ˼Ҳû
һ»΢С˵ǲɶõһټȣ˳ԳԺȺʱȻͱˡ
ҲͿЩ⡣
ƽλ꿤δ﹩ְһһش֮һеֵ⣺
ݵ˵ж֮̾ͻ뿪Щȥ
ⷽƽȻԻش𣬵̫ʷҲԻش
һСǣҲζĸۿڹģС̴Ҳд󴬡
ÿ춼ݵʳۿȻŲôബسǽδֲԸۿڡЩж֮󣬻ʮиСͷԭһõģҲЩ̴ͣһͣһͷ̴֮ͣҲã̴Ҳãһ£װЩزٻطݡ
̫ʷȹ۲˺ܾãһ⡣
Ԭ̷һ裬ֻõж˷أ಼̽ȴ벻ҲԺ϶̫ʷ˵ܽЩһ·ϣβܽӽΣ
еƫ࿴һۣ̱˿ڣϸ룬ǧˣһҾװ°ˣѵһССͷмʮҴòɣ
ȷǸ⣬̫ʷѾϸǹ
ֻҪдҾ͹ˡ˵ȵǣ½·бǣ

Ƿ̫ðգ
һʮðգЩȵʿҪͷؾΧͻϮǣռסź󣬻ҪֵͷšԼسǴԮʱ䣬һŲ̽塣
ͻϮǣֻҪռסŲأıϵȻ͵ˣ
ʱΧؾѵȼֻʲô취پȻ
̫ʷȿ˿⼸ƫ˫۾ȼ˻⡣
ǧǱݵѪȽиңܹУ
ҲҪŻȥ
ӾƷ߳û뿪ǵ϶ǽȥ˿ƬΪֵͷ
緫ͬϵĴ֣ʱдֲۣʱд뿪
ʿɫ뵡ѲߣżҲһСͣ½ŲʳһЩǱ۵ģ˼˾ٷѣæһǮǷȥ
ʵϣЩ״ҲһҶͣפֻֻйҵĴӲͣ£֪ͼԼһʮֿ
ۿڣȻһսҲûС
Ԭ̷ַһ߽ĳǳأȴﲼˮͼһֻΪԼֶسǵλãȻҲԬ̷Ҫ¡
ѹ磬̫㻺ȥ
ȾӸµͷɫʼƽˣһ˿һıɱ
һԵ̴СĿڣɾҪЪΣ
ҡҡͷʲô˯ðȣ
ɾ
ɫδǸϽǡʲôû˵ֻ´һ
һ뿪εͬʱ̴ʮСͷ﷫
̫ʷվƿˣһ·򱱵Ĵ󴬼װϣ۾εءעǰ
½ԸҪŻȥ
̫ʷȵԸΡ
γ޵ĻɫǽҰ֮ʱͷὫγĳ
Щϴ˵еʵڵģϣԸʵ֡


192 
бкγǻɵͷϡ
Ҵͣڰ,Ż̨¡Щ̨ʯ̾ͣʧ,Щʯ,Щ̨µĵػѾǳοǳէȥһ
ʱ,װʳҪڵմͣĵٲ˳һٱӡ
ЩõĵһСһػصؽʳӴж˵ͷ,Ƴǰ峵װ,˽еڡ
Ѿ,ֻûװ
˵ԭӦһ³ģʱ,γҲװ㹻֧һõݡ
Ԭ̷̫ļˡ
,˲֪˵Ԭ̷ļǺǾ
򱱵ķ򣬿
𽥿ʼϷ磬ٶҲ죬һת۱㵽ǰ
򱱵Ĵֻǲͷͣģǹһüͷ,׼ǳһ,ҪǴϻ̳Ͽֵؼʱ,һ֧ƿ,ǰ䴩ͷ­
ϮϮ죡ݣ
ģģ
Ǻδĵˣ
һ֧,ҷ˸ۿڣײʱϵĹ乭ָ죬һ漴֮䣬ͷɢиʿһƬ
ɢӣʧʿҲɢ˿
ͣȣԴһĸߴӣһףƣֳͬŭµľˣͷֱŶ
ǽϵؾγѵˣسŰ
سţسţ
֣

ǽϵؾγѣҴææӱļʸ乭һʸк£
βǴǣȻؾͣɼӹ̣һʱ仹ڳͳǣֻҪűоռα㸲ķգ
ǱҪֹоٶȣؾسŵʱ䣡
̫ʷȾƣһȺȵʿҲơ
Ǽ粢ż磬һ󣬸ָ̫ʷȼǰɱȥͷаٲ֮Զؾڻæ׼رճš
ʱ̫ʷȵͫһ˲ˡ
ȳŲԽģ˹سҪʮʿȥƣҲûͳǡγ̫صԵʣҲ
С̫أȳƤҲûаֻǸ߿ɵĺľƳŶѡ鷳ˡ
ʿڴȣֻ޳Źصòٿһ㡣
̫ʷҲڴȣٻʿǸǰֻ޳Źصòһ㡣
żǰŲ˶ʮѾء
ŹˣղεݣעǻҲزȥģ
Ϊ֪ͯһֻܲһȳţ
ˣؾȴŶҲǧһֻҪһٱЩմ
̫ʷȵҧ·𳢵Ѫȵζһһļ£Ѿһһʿ£ŻôԶ
һƬҽеĻ֮УĿȻͣ
Զһƥڰ峵ϣ׼ǡ
سǵʿԣһ·һجΣҷʼз佫ץסһƥϵʱʼ
䱸Σûе
佫һץһ˳ǳ˹Ƿ·һһһ磬һĺХ
ʱʿæţꪣҪ佫һƥһ˻߸㣡
һѪ̫ʷԽһʿ˵ڶʿ֮󣬱תͷ³ȺڳſڣһŵʿĿ׼ǸָӵС٣һһγȥ
δϵʱıһĻԴԴϵĵоγǣŴʬҰһţ
ؽλȻǴӹͼģδҲȫȻĲݰʿıźһ⣺
ЩȥȥÿճģһҴװ¶ˣ
оȻֻҴʿҲܳ٣Ҳ˵ⲻһСɱҪȡǶѣ
뵽δĶ˶һ֣Ӷ죡
̫˼磬еƲʽȾ˽ɫ
һһγǵϿգʾõķһֱͬ
һӽһӵʿȥ֡ì֡ꪱƱһһ鳤ʲĵָӣǳصĹһͬɫľһ㣬ӿ˳š
ԵķԴ˳ݣֱйֱųһһȥ
ɱ
ɱ
ɫľںݺײȺ֮ͣѪڳǽϡϡ·߾ƷϣŭڲҽУڰ˿źҪһһȴ˴춼һնϣⳡڵУǸҪǵ佫Եرۡ¶ѪźüֻʸһȥǸѪˣȴȻεڳǰһ
ֻҪԽֻҪʤܹرճţЩоҲ֮
ֻҪʤ
˭ʤ
Եʬ˳ǰ·㽥һСɽϵҲ˺üȴȻ¶⣡
ǵĽ䣬ЩʿţߣȻԶԶȲˣȴͬһһ㣬ĳʯĺƬҲͣЪǵĽŲ
ϵĹδһߵ֣˵ͷ
ҵġ֨ѽһƬսм΢ɲ飬Ǹ佫Ȼˡ
˺һƱסгԱȡ˳ȡ֧
δδˡ
ļ׼ҺݣǼ죡
ʯ֮䣬ŷЩͷĹ֮̽ͷ׼
˺ҲʵʵںĹδԶԶؿȥ̾µ½𣿻£¾Ȼ֮ʿ
ǣԱߵܿػش˭ҲҪ
⻰ǲģ̫ʷǸ˵ĻҲЦһ
֪Ѿս˶ãҲ֪̫ƶ˼硣
֧ûиϵҪƲأиϵεģһﻹʲô䱸Ԭ̷θıֻԴԴϵظ
ʮ·̣֪ǾҪ߶á
̫ʷȵ𽥱ñľѪܼ޾սȴڲˣʧѪ¼ֹսȥ
ߵʿڲϵ£ЩȵʿһһǶƽԭϱһҲۣοҵս֣
Ȼһͬ½˵Ļ
ɷ֮֮ס
һ֧ż֮С
ߵƱһһĵ£¶Ŀ϶
Զ졣
̫ʷȵûаֿ־壬ֻһǻԹߡ־δӣκζ

쿴
δԾ۾
ڽҪҹһƬгǵģرӣһ֧İڣѤöҵϼȴ·ϵȼһѻ⣬һ˲վγǡ


193 
ƻ,˼ľϡ
˶ζСһ죬ӹʮּѡ
ǳԴǳЩƤݸ,ƽԭ,Ĵϼ˳ǣҲׯЩʳôûɱ⡣һ,ȴֻʣ²һƥҪ⼸һ·Ԭ̷ȥʹڵݣǼѵһ¡
Ҫĵȴȴһ,ʹ»ص,ܹ,ݡ
ȥձ㽥,˵Ԭ̷򱱺,Ԯδ֪һս¹˭֡Ĵţб㽥
ڱȵˡ
γǷңңŨʱ̵ȥ
ܹǵǱľӣʹıƶͬǻ,ͬݡ
û뵽,̫ʷȵȵ,ҹѲ,иΣա
ȺȵʿҪ˴,вǹŷ͸½Ĳƽԭʱ죬ƲʱԶԶ˸ߺ

̱ս֣ҲѸжϳԼЩʲô
ŴӵһҪ̤ԼˣδƳǶУҪǶϾ֧оĹ·
δû뵽֧оȻԮһһȺ
̫ʷǲ¼̤Լ˵ģʿֻ˶ѣһ̸Ⱥġӡһ·
ãһһȥǽʿҲų˳У
һ·ϣۼǧ༽ʿ飬·µˮйͨһһҪ̫ʷȣߵԽԽá
ײʱ̺޲߲ҪһˣֻԼѸӿźãʿӿǰƣôɢأ
δȻ
ì֡Ъ˹غì֣
һìѾì˳ȥϻ׵ͬ˽һɱҲ̰ڳìסˣδ״ԣ̵תͷ㵽һС·ȥȻЩʿȴ棬ӱӣǵزʱȻ÷ǳҡ
ɢӵģĵģʿȿֺӿƴȫҪ㿪úͳꪵĹΧ
ʵ˵ܹܣսս˵Ļǿסţɢġ
İսҲԬУԬ̷ȴδػС
Уôسأ
ʿԼø̫ʷȣ׷ơ
ƿѪʸ⬣Ѿòľʶ鸴Ӽˡ
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գǶԬ̷һش
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ƽһһ졣
ȥȾʱһλѵһĿ꣬λһݼȣǵȳ΢ʿһҲԲһεζ۵ĻϲԼ˺ˣ˵ڻЩ½ᷢ˵ҲãγҲãԴݷص½ѡ
վҹա
Ũ̴Ż⣬γǵȼΪ޽֣ôլȦһأǵȷǰγǵ
һһڻȼգһݻɵĻұƮƮɢŲСǡ
߳˼ţ㵵ŴķҲ߳˼ţĸסĸףֵܡŮ
еΰնûô˯߳ſһ֣Ǳߴȥ
ʿɢˣðǰأ
һ֧ڳפ̫ʷǧŲļݱڼ󶼾ɢˡ
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˴ȻһҹվԬ̷εݣϢҪǰȥǲ׵ġ
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½㿴˵ⲻλС갰ԣƷ갰ԡ
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ӵ㷲ֳĬһСڣ֣㲻Ҫɣ
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갰ԼĴ㣬ȻԣҲʲôر£½ʤˣųҲй½ǰˣֻصϣ⻹Ըһ鱱ĵػ
Ԭ̷ʱҪĵˡ
ȷǴһʹģ갰Ϊ½ҲףĬ̡
ʱȺ𣬴Ҳ̵ôһ
͢ģģģҲģ汲ģҲģ
ֻĵסģġ
ΪԼӵǾʮԵĻش￴һЩߡ
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һ򵥵ȴٳûеõش갰ʮֲͷصһۡ
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㻰ʲô
ʲô˻½İ갰ԲⰡ˵Լܵ˹ȥһΪ˱̬Ϊ⺢½׬һ㹦ǿܲϹèײӣײˣһ½ϲġΰɷأ
Ҫ˿Ů˵ĽǶôһһһǡĶˣŮˣ
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ԵĴӵܽŵһڿˮ˵ԼʲôûǲֳʱɫȻҲˡ
Ұͷһ࣬ͬߵƣдϯ
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194 
ʱһαüȶҳ
·,ǿΧһԲ򽫳ƵһʳҲŵ,ЩڴûģƵױ
û˼Щϸˡ
֣õܽŵ촽ʼ,˼άʮ,ǣҪҪȥӭС
һȺսҲЩ갰,㿴ô𣡱סߡ
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갰Ժݺݵһڿˮ,һ˫۾ضǺصķ򡪡Ǿһǧƥһ֧
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ԶԶƲϾƾì㣬©࣬ûжֵóƵģܷסֶΡ
һ֧˵ӮǧūֻЩªķ£ǿֵסˡ
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Ԭ̷ľӽӽˡ
Ԭ̷ǧˣžǶҲ֮С
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ԣɵʲôţҿ
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ҪͬԬ̷ս


195 
ΪʲôҪǾս
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ϣԬ̷ȴ֪ܿġ
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ū,޷֧ΪľȥĴץЩϳԺҰ,ڳԵ,ūʮֽƻӲӲ
һǣ
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ҪһԲߡ
ЩĵԬ뿪,,ɵؽս뷨ΪӰ,Ҫһݸİ취ⳡս
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ⳡսʼǰݱͷһЩε顣
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Щԭģԭܹһһһǣԭܹھµº
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һҲһʿ׽ƣӽһ̣Ҳһʿܸͷ­
ûǲնʹնʿǶջҲ̫ˣ
ͬҲûвսԽԽֱΧݾֻǽ֮ķ϶ԽԽСԽԽȣҲԽԽ˳Щì˷ĳƷ϶˽飬Ѫֱˡ
ѾΧˣ
ͷһݱŷģǴʲôطġ
ΧˡӶ𣬲֪ԼˣǱ˵֮ʲô𣡱Ҳˣ
ݱʼûңĴѰͻƿڣҪΧȦǱΧȦܻһ·
Զܻо֮⣬ҾҵһȱڣǸȱѸٱΨһһ·
оڴ󺰴УҪǲҪϵӳȱںݱԵȻļĺȻҲؾȥ
ϱ𣿡
ѹ֮½ǰһαоס˺󼸲עȴʤѶս
ֻҪõõһҲԳԱ졣ؿһ䣬ʲô𣿡
ȻעСӵһߣҵȷоֳһСɱ׼Ҫʹˮ
ã˻᲻ʲôأ
źеʱͣƬ˽սġҽ밧սϣһֲͬѰ
˵һ˵Ǵصᶨ򣬴ǿ
ΪԬ̷ļݾŻߵøЩ֮ʮӦϵŶԡ
ź˵


196 
һʤһ֮,жԶľ룿
½룬Ҫ㴫ﵽʿʱжãִеʲô̶ȡ
ͼһĻ
ݾоͿٳս,ҪͣҪѹ,ЩҪʱ䡣
Щݱѳ,һԾΪףЪ˹ش󺰴УҪʿס,ȴԮ,һΪȻԮˣҪǸŬӡ
ΧȦ,ԽڵĲɢԽ,֮ԽԶĲ,ԽŬ
ϣüһ
Ҫȫ֧ݱ,ݺݷһԬ̷Ѫǲ,СĽ,ӦԬ̷Ľ
ձ,˵,ҲҪ͡
ʾͳڴʱ
ŹŽˡľָ,ں֮˵,ûΪ򵥵ָʲô᳹ȥ,ȷǳˡ
İΧȦΪȱ֮,˲ԥ,ȿֺżݾķȥ,ΪܹܵÿһЩƱƣꪱ˳ꪣġ
ÿһ˴ѵսƷÿһսȡζ͡ĵǼߵģ˵ЩսƷйصĲִȥ㹻һĳã
ʲôʱʤ̣
ʲôʱĴ󹦣
ǰߵúʱ̫ˣǾԶɱһˣһѱУһ죡УЩʬıӣһֻ˵һսΪʣܶһأһͷСţתȥСţˣǾһݼļҵˣ⼸˶˵ˮߡ֡ܣûû˵شݲƬأͨǸ˻ܳҵ
һû˶Լ˲
Ҫʲô취ܶһף
սͲһˣ
ֻҪЩǵļ˾ٲذ
ҪǴⳡսһηƣҪȵʲôʱ򣿣
ۼ٣Ҳڴǻصȥ
ٵһȣٵһȣߵֵͬܲҲûȥץһùٸһֻӡ
սһƬٺɤӣõ˿Ҫˡ
ûʲôֹЩʿսΪ
죬̫һʱ̣һƬѪȾĺ̲һЩ¡
ЩѪʬ̰ңͬʳʬһģʿһ·˿һ㣬ٵ۵Ĵߴ٣ƽԬ̷ļݾţ
ʲôľӣ
ľӣָӵľӡ
ҶҸ˵µʶ
ƺڳЦƺڰοʵϣܶľʽӶˮ׼
Լȶоߣݱðⳡս׷ֳʤ
һսˮƽãʶʱݱԶҪʹʹָһ׵¡
½һս㽫ĿԼϣָָսı߽ߣѾΪѪȾСӡ
Ͼ٣￪ʼʿǸҸϻ˵ҪȰҪÿһˣɱһˣɱʱһŽն
ǣ
⼸ʮֳóꪣһսÿһʿɱһ̼һɱʮ౱ʣµʿսƷҲټֱ޵ȣƨӻϡ
ǵʲԼսЩսƷ
ǣ
ݣ
ǣ
ݱһսδ˵Ԫʿʮ֮˾Ȼս֮Ȼһ֧ݵľӡ
ںӰ߶һһߵʬԻ
Ӷ԰֪ʱ˴Լɼǰ
ӵһˣҲԶԶ
Ԭ̷δ̷Ҳͬѡݣ£Ӷݱ
ľӾͣ˼ٲ֮⣬ͬޱ޼ʵơ
·Ҫ֤е뷨һ㣬ҲƮһƬƣոյȻס

ʬдһ΢
½ͷȥʱһǻô˸ԴѪȴһʱδһڽһڵأͽ͵
ǱնɱģΥʿ֮һ
Ȼ
Υ˾Ļ˵ּֿ죬㡪
˵Ѫס٣顣
ƺҲҪá
һƬӻңŴߵսϣ˵С
ƺþָָԼϹŵݱģС˶죬͡ܡҵļ𡭡
λ˧ǸŮˣ˾ãȷǿġ
оϣ䣬Ǹǵʹڣ½ȷǿҿԸȡʤ
ںӱңң˼֮ת˻´˼̵ȻͳĬػصо桰ݴʷסĴ£ȴԬ̷һ
еʹࡣие⣬Ϊʲô
Ϊʲôܸеʹأʡ
ɱΪҪߣ֤ľӲΪһӬͷС̣ʵʵ˵ɣ֧Ӳӡ
ĿһƬƬʿΪһӬͷС˾ͣΪǵУѻһҿӬͷС
вͬĹ۵㣬˷һЦ
һ׼۾עǰսʱкȻֳˡ
дӱڿڵͣˡ
Ȼһʲôλã
ĲгĬһٽӽЩӦҲ֧ܿˡ
ǺģԶԶصȴսδʼʱ֡
½ղԶԶĴһƬѩĺ֮С
¶ˡ
׼ȷ˵¶ˣ֧¶ˣ֧ڴĿнֹҲζţսʼǰ̶ȱ֤ȴͻǿٸָӸıĿꡣ
һսʱūսЩʿѱ֤߰ս־
ܴܲһ֧ӣڲܵвðս
ǽ񡣡

Ҽ񽣣ͨߡ

ҵǹƥҲӦһ֧ûǿū
룬ȷԡ˵ԼʱΪʲôûаǧϣ
ʹرۡ
ȥ˵ǧ˳ǡ
Χһκ˶ûǰ
ڴٸոҪ뿪ʱ½ֺס
УЩ˵Щģ˵ıӣռ
ʹһҪҪͨһŬԬ̷ǧ˳£Ҳݾǧ˳¡
֧ʱҲǳڶǵļɵ˵Ƕλ˧ļɵݱδǰ׷˵ʮǧ˳С
ⲢԬ̷֧ӣ仹ڳʱյһٸݱıӣںϣ
һĻʱЩݱŵɪɪʿҧأǵ˧һҪǧ˳ǣһѩǰܣ
Сûκεĳɾ͸Уõ˧ͷĳɾ͸˹ƱȫܴĿ⣡
½ű֮Ԭ̷һ̽ǧ˳Χסҹؿľɽ׼ǡ
½վڳǽϣ߸⣬Ĭעųѹѹľӡ
龰ʶֻһ޷ǵһȴЩͬ
˵ʲôδͷֻͻȻʵ
ʮֲƺ˵ʲô
⣬˵յб̿ʼֻû뵽ս֮졭
ڰ֣ʾ˵ȥЩ֮С
Щ£Ҫⳡսʼ֮ǰס
𣿡
ʲô
ҿԳڲܵвԬ̷սѡ˳ˣ˵𣿡
ݾһսУֵǲӦøһЩ
ǿƸۣˮսģȴ
֪սˣҪƿ˶ԣİˡ
ˣ
Ṵ㣬㣬Զ㣬ΪƿһУһУڿԸԳеӺȻᣬȡʱ
ۺȻ紵𣬺Ŀһ˲ǻ
½Ȼ侲ˡ
Ҳʲô̹ʵ˵
ڡܲսѡǰ£ΪԼԼм޵ģһʹ¡
ҿԹ۲죬˼ѧϰ½㽫ĿͶԶưļݾϣڳսѧ˲ٶ
˵
֪𣬳ǽеĵطһ㣬УҵøڵЩսһδŲ顭ҿɲ


197 
½챱ʿǧ˳֮ǰ,СǲûȫرգǧѾߣǱ,λĹٲ׹սôһ¡ʮ쳣ĳ,½ıǧ֮ǰİղӿ,¹Ҳ͸Ž˳ǡ
,һԳơšѾڳһС,ӲǺܴ,ʧ,©,ʮֱˣӿ˵СǴ,СҲý,˷ҪЩ֮⣬Ҳϵ˿в,Ҫֵһַ,䳤ɵСݡǷİ˵ɧţԺ¹˵ʲô鷳,˵鷳һǡ
˵½Զ׼һسǾĽ죬׼ϸôģ̹֮رеĳ,Ҹ⽻ͨ,κ˳,Ҳκǡ
һӿƽ֮ǧ˳һʱЩңҥԷ׷ף˵ᱻƣ˵½ǵԬңǵ汻ƣ²Ҫǣ
˵ǵǲᣬ˵½оıӣЩƽ᲻ҲԬ̷˱أ
ͬʱеΰ״ҲЩĿ
ĹԹӿǧգǳرҶ򣬵ؽ֣ռʮխ·Ϻܿ챻˻峿ɨһ飬ҹٱתůζҲԽԽ󡣶ӵ£ϴΪÿ絽ڳÿһˮڴˮˮеľô٣һˮҲͷı˼Ҳܻõݳܡ
Щҵ˷ӵİһҼڣʮһСʱҪǵļݻڡҲӵİվڱ˼ҵķǰݺеĽһƻеĸɴˣ
͵ʮձ飬˶Ҫ;ԼĲƲ
ҵһҲûУûʲô͵ļֵֻ˯·ߵˡǻǱ˼ҵūͣԶϹƽ񣬶ܲͦҹĺȫǵ
ҹܻС峿ʱ䲻м˥˱̧ߡ
½ʿǣԵľһǳأһ뾽ȣ־廷Ƶĳǳء
¹òΪ½סĳǳأһˣҪڳ￴һŻ
ؾǧ˳֮󣬿־ԽƽϢһЩǺģЩϵѪδϴȥʿ֮ҲǴһЩܵĴ
½ʼæµ
سǵĲϱԴԴϵذᵽ˳ǽϣľʯľ񣬶Ǵˮͣ½ѰͲڳǽϣ˽ڴڳǽĽ¡
سʿΪ飬гֶϼӷأҪǰһָһΣǲˡ
Щ˵ʮǼӱķں¹ÿ½æڳﱸس֮±Ӧľʵ벻ܹƵڳнͷβֵɡ
ķ
ΪܹÿһڳеƽеطסС½С빦ܣִ߽һһ̽ǵᣬȻЩ֮ͬ˾һ𣬻տ
¹Ϣ֮󣬳Ĭ˺ܾá
ûϵãʲôҲסֺιʳüչأ
طʱūСͷĿƳһۡ
ľ˼ҪЩûϵõҳ
ǸūȫȻǲ⣬ò˵Щ
ϸһ룬֮ǰɸһʲô˶ãҪŲ飿¹˵һϲ𾿣ƱĻ̡̻
س֮ʱʿǼҪһ£ǳоһģһǣҲܹ½ҪŲЩļϸ밲ģһ취
ǧ˲ʲôǣǵĶǸصİգûʲôԶũһӵĽʶڸʮУֻҪǴһڣʱ䲻Ҫܾã̸¼¶
һˣһ˲ʧɫˣҪ¶
ʲô¹˵ˣͬ»˵ġ
Ǽǵ»Ƿһ顣
мûдƽԭˣ֮ǰ￬Ԭܻ๥ƽԭʮֻԬ̷ռƽԭѻΪʿ¹ݵȷЩεġ
±֮λĹһ󣬾Ȼ¶һ˿ھεɫ
ҼǵˣȷǺܾǰˣһͬ˵ҪһСȥǵģͬλὫ˵ôʱҲѰң㵨Сأ
ƽ֪˵Ļʵ⣬Ѫȷֲǣ½ο䣬ȴŲ鼮֮⣬㻹Ҫȥγеļ֮ͽҪɨֵɨøƵһЩЩϳͷǡ
ⲻ۾ϳͷã
ͱˣ½⣬һ£Уÿոףǿ׳ЩĽسǣһȵҪʣ޷ŮȴЩѡ
ǡ
¹ñۼ½ġ
ΪһйоصظڶУ׼ͷһЩʱλŮ
һɵƤףһɫۣʹŶʮͷݣĿƽ˱һȷȺֵؽ֮⣬ȫһͣһͷ洦ɼˣüĿûжԳǿеǲҲûʲôػ־ֻһ·һרעߵĹ棬ڳΰ״ת֮һЩ¡
ۼһˣ¹ǲŴ˵еġ½òġеŮӦǺŮ͵Ķ쵰Ҷüѩһ˫ܹǵ۾ⲻū˽Ĳ²⣬ҲǼݾЩʿǵĲ²⡣
ֻŮˣŻᱻ谮ڿζľ˵Ƕƶϰ
ǧ֮һУԼĿõһжԣ½ˡ¹룬ɲҪˡ
Խһͳ˧ȷʸġ
뽫еһи֪죬аƷԭԤҪϢ½ŹصúϣҲúϣ֮˲ǣЩҲû˿ܵڳǽ߶
Ԭ̷ǰ½һ£а֧Ԯͻᵽ
Ժ¹õĿ˵½ֻͽ͵عʿǻʲôʵԵϢ
˵Ԭ̷ûŽУһһҪǣŸɱѪ
ⳡղĹս½֮ĵ쿪ʼˡ
ԬùǣǻȮӣλҲ̳һ㣬ɽֿ֮࣬ľ޽ݳ
½еֳӲ̫һԬ̷ߵݳǵײӣвţƤǣ󲻴ϲ㲻۵˺ü㣬Ҷ˻ҪǶԮ
ЩҰĹеԭ׼ھǵģʹòǧˣҲԬ̷óĶ
óˡ
Щŭ˵ģ໽ųһһضųͷؾļ꣬ջ¹ǣһһȵ¹ջ٣ƵӵţǽֿʼƽΪ󷽵ȵʿ׼һͨ;
ٵЩ򵥹»˼ʱ䣬Űӳһ¹ǣЧ΢ǽǧ˳ǰһȷˡʯʬ塣
½ע⵽֮⣬лһūˣЩūҲʹŹǣȻʿرУ뱻ϵū𲻴
Щūﲢ𹥳ǣƳǶߣżǰֻҪؾ乭ֻߡ
ּΪ½ɴڳͷ̼ϯΪģֻΪЩļҲǿѭõġ
ļ̽Թ֮ΧǵĵھգԬ̷ʼĹǡ
쳹ƬأڲסҽȵʿţƤʸ֮ϣܼ꣬һݹסͷ̽Ƥ³ϳͷ
ؾ߲ͣͶľʯЩռĻôˮ÷ںһһص£ϵʿ
һ꣬һϰظϣ
ǧ˳ҲɽΪ̣˿ֱΧˮйͨԶԶȥ֮ͬеһҶۣƺѾ¡
Ϣһ·ͻ
֮Щ㶣ƺҲ뵽ⳡսܴز
ܿعŵݸߵʿǡ
˴ĹֽĿСͶ
ս¾ˣ
С½㣬ȷ
Ү
λʮ꣬һ
е뷨ЩʿҲѩݻڻָУܽǿУԬ̷ݣġ
Ҳһ㣬ˡ
׼дŸԬ˼˵ҪǰﲻÿױǾͽݸԬ̷Ҳûʲô
ЩʶʱΪܣݴ̣ʵ
ŷɫһ䣬λʿ࿴һۣһͷʱּ˵ȥˡ
ƽԭʱһ·ҵģ÷úõػ
·Ϊ仰֤վ
ȥΪַ˵֮⣬䡪

Ȼƽ
ԬҵСӲԸһȰ棬ұֻͬԬˡ


198 
⽥,̫߹ƽԭֹǣǱʿǿСĵؽµԱȥ,ǽϵؾΪ˽ʡǵسǲϣҲûٽʯͷͷ
ʹ,ǧ˳»ƮŴ̱ǵζѪ븯,޷̽һ̽ͷ,ֻҪŮǽ߹,ͻ̲סظŻ
ûʲôпշǽŻ,ǻҪæ
ǽϵؾҲ,ʱΪȵʿϳǽǿɱ,ʱΪͶʯɽһ,ֹеҲڽܹĵװ,ٹһ컹иľʯҹЩ˱Ҫ̧ȥо,ȱҲҪ̵ʿ
,ÿһŵԱõ˾Ρ
йˮϴǵ˿ڣиɾϸа,֮ǰҲҽʦذףȻùͻȻ˿ϡȻ˾ͻᷢɱһĲҽСǿֹѪģʵ̫ʹЩȻЩԱʹܹõ,ڰ,ǿԻһСǾơ
ⶫʳ,ƽһ굽ͷı߶¹ūСͷĿҲпĻᣬ˱ԵøЩ½˵һǾǰֹʹЩԱͿͬ۵Ʒ֮׵͡˵ʲô˱ǵ͸ӷ񣬴ЩҲ޷ƷƵˡ
¹ø󣬼ϿһףĬעĹٵıӰ
ӺܲɾҲոմϵġ
Ԭ̷ǵ⼸λ¾ϰϿһЩڳϳȥ޲ĳǽ
ҲǺܲѰģ¹롣
󺺵ʿӦǽƻ߸ϡʢ˵ģһμʿˣʱŷҲֻ۾ͨ죬ذݽȥ
˵½ǧ˳ȨƵˣôλӵڶλģԷûʱԣǿʱҲһӣһ߳ԣһȥָǽ̧ٴ̧Ա½ײʱǷģҲŻ½
㡭û˰ɣ
λͷȡһ˱򵥰˴ȣͷҲûУķ¶⡣һ¶Ļϰ沼ɺԵѪԵð༫ˣҲǱˡ
£¡⾽ȵش˴Լš
ѪͿž˵ϡ
㿴Ǳ˵Ѫ
½һֽۣ۾ˡ
Եĺ¹öúЩѿ
λǸŮ𣿣ȱһʲô
½Ȼ˵Щ£¿⣬࣬ǽΣգ㻹ǡ
顪
һ߳ĴʯͷХҵƬǽ·𶼸ŻһΣ
鷳ǿʯͷɲҽһ͹ǲҽ
ˣˣ
ģЩЩ
̧һѪֹԱϰ⼸ȥ˶һʹ
죡̧ȥ̧ȥǱĹٴ󺰵һ
ˣҡ
¹ôӶݵĳ˼лعĺɫÿһʮéݡ
ܿʹ洫
ѹֵĵƲסĺ˺ѷεĿһ˲쳹ǧ˳ǵİ
é̽ͷʳ
¹һ£̽ǴʳͽС
ʳһ·˷ˣԼ嶷ҡ
嶷ʳֵֵã
Ҫ̫ƽ䣬û˻⡣
һоΧס֪ҪʱԮĹ³ǰĳǳһ·ߵҰݣοȥ½µʿֻǳһЩʳΪʲôΪʲôҪóƽ񣿣
ȥֱֻʣ
ֳˣǾᣬֿ˿Ͽʳ׳
ȥһҡ˵
¹õĺɫ𽥱ıӰֻĹɵ͸ˡ
½Ҳɵ͸ˡ
⼸ڳͷ£׼Щūǵġ
νūʵҲֻЩɺūΪǧĸӹڷˡ
Ԭ̷ӻǣģ顣ЩūߴһһعǣľԽѣʯҵ÷ǣ̹֭һһصǧ˳¡Ԭ̷ʬݱȻЩ˵ʬ
żǻֹһĻʬ֮ӦѾϢ˵ĳһߣż鴤һֽţ·Ҳ֤ԼǸūǸҲǸء
ʬ嶼ᱻϻᣬ˵ʲô𣬵ⲻǺ¶
˵ЩЩҺǿۣҲӦĴˣǵ嶷ˣ
ǵȵҹӪҲۼ׼ԹŰسʱ¹÷İס
Щδɣ۾׵ÿҪˣ޹һ֮󣬽ʳ˼еӣͬҲ˶֮С
ˣҲŮˣǿ׳ߴˣҲС͵ˡ
ЩϰڣȴûгɺūϳеĿ־
ǿƽ
ҲԸسǶġ
¹ÿһűսҴݲУȴԵøƽּкȻһɿ־塣
һֱΪ˥΢´֮䣬ū˵ʱֽˡ
ǣڣҪγɹ
ϮϮڴȣˣ
Ԭ̷ˣ֮ǰĻ˰汾Ѱ칥ǸΪȫ칥ǣҹԼգͣЪ
½û뵽ġ
Ҫ˵ҹ͵Ϯ⣬ҹǡԬ̷жٱǿȵĹǣ
ʿææµµȥǽϵȼһŻѣ֧˵ͣ˵𡣳ϻһƬҲһƬ
֮쳹ƬҹգܿоͿʼһһĹǣµͣȻ󽫵ȼĻȥ
ܿ±һƬ𺣣ʿڻﰧȻɢһһɵĿζҴææܳȥ˰ҹһһС˶شۼˣǹһͲˣǻҲСһ
½վŮǽĬĬעĳ棬żҲԺｫ̱ǵζ۾˼⡣
Ԭ̷ǰһֱǰ칥ǣҹż̽͵ǣδģǹ
ʿȷʵЩƣҲЩˣδ˽ǣϾԬ̷ı޷֧ǿȹǡҹΪʲôô
ĴѾҹɫ֮У಻ܽȴִͼһ˫ܹҹ۾ҹɫĶߡ
ΪԮ
ȻûԮҲĺԬ̷ҵȷΪԮ
뷨Խҹʲô𣿡
;úкܲ˵ˡ
Ȼ˳źе˼·һ롣
Ԭ̷֪֪ĹȻһʱԹǧˣ
Ԭ̷ֵξ鿴Ԭ̷һе㼱꣬ʮְˡ
Ըȱݣ
ȻתԸߵƫ֮󣬴˼ӱҴȥ
ЩڳµĴأȥ
кȻ
㵵̧ͷȥ
ҹǸ졣
˵ڳǽЩףȻͨעˮ۲첨жǷڸͨص
һ£ܿأ
½γ˺С
Ԭ̷ɽ棬ȷһص
֮ǰϸ̽ڣĵͼ˵ѡһӦûʲô˻ĵطԭǳÿʰɨʱѻĵط
ǽԶΧסˣȻ鷳Щʮȫʮ飿
ֻҪһ֧Сʿܳҹ﹥ʱ͵͵ɱسǵʿ䲻ش򿪳ţǧ˳ǾǴӵ֮ˣ
صڵ÷ɿ죬ʮڵ£ڽУǷ涼뵽ˡ
صƶڴһÿװһ𣬾ʿһ·ݹȥ
ԬҵʿǶôڵصģڹʱҲʮСĵڿ£ױλòЩ͡
ЩͶǰ򴩹ģصʿʿ
ȼĵҪǸҪ
ʹ⼸ͽʵĿͨĿҲֻǿϢĳ̶ȶѣʿµɫȻѿ
صʹ࣬ҿһɱ¾Ϊ
СģСģҪͨˣ
׳ʿȷλãؿʼڡ
ʪˮϢһʱصЩʿһʿס˼źĬؿǵĶ̽ͷ
δͣЪµҲ󣬵ҹʱʱ
ʰǿһƲľЩùĸɲݣСĵؽϰ˵ص
ﾲˣƺԶǽںȣڲҽУЩˡ
ֳֻϣ׼һ鿴ʱȻĪо˧Ǹֳƺ
˵ǸŮ˳ú÷ٻ׵磬׵ʦҲǸ̵
̫ˡ
һ̣һ绮ҹʱȻҲŴһ
ǸþɳļϱôᱻĴ˵־
Ǿǵ磬Ҳ˲Զһˡ
ǿȫ˵޵һҲɫĹâ
ٵˡ
Ϊٵȥˣ
ȵⳡ󣬵ȵ̫ҫƬʱڵؾͻῴͻῴǵԮˣ
ϱԴ˫һӵص˳ܴƤףȻݼˣͬʱҲγԼĻ׵
ؼһα
ϱĬԼĸĸ޶˵ϡҫֱЩΪȫʱڻӶ͵ȥ


199 
½ɱ˵һðͷļϱ
ʵ,ǽƵŵһ˲չֳļǵ⡢۰岢ɵһֱ,Ǹ뺷ľˣ̳
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˵һڶܿͻеʮһʮЩ˲ͬˣͬЩڷӺūǵԬ̷ԼĲҲйͼĲǵÿһϳǽսģõԬ൱ɹ۵ǮԸЧ
Щα뺷ļǰδڲı⣬һ̲ͬ΢СĶҲһ
Ӷȴں󷽾ٵĴǿǰܿһڵأ
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˵ȡ֮ţ¹һսƸۣ˸սΪ֮Уʹڽսɱˣƴ档
ϾֻǸ˵ôΪУһɱߣҲˣ
˽Ӷĺӹļ˱ΪʱȻûʶᷢʲô
ʹ½Ǹһ֮վֻһ˰ˣɱǽаˣսļݾ
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ĽΪأȴ̴壬̴ף̴ʱ˲źȻ֣ǵȷһ񽣣½Уƿͬ˺һƬᱡĴ·ûܵʲôֳܽƵʿһһӳȥһǸƱߵĵڶʿʿնڵأ


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Ԭ̷Ҳֹ˹ƣҲȥ˯ˣЩͷɥļ˻Ҳô˯ġɺ
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Ԭ̷ҹĹ֮ĳ˺Χľӣٶ䲻Ѱ
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Ԭ̷ƤŨصɫʮ㲣һҲʻ
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ƽԭģʲô
ͼ˼Ԭ̷ˣλװ꽫˵ͷǸūͷĿ
ͿǵˣԬ̷ɤӣһܵʤһطʱͬڷΪڣΣ
ϵū̬ǫع˹Լǧȥ
ǧͬһʱҲΪ֮
ֲͬѰ̱̫ʷȾˣѸٵ˷Ӧ
Ǳضū˵
ĪţкѵǱûа𣿣
εֵסǧ
˫̶۾һ˿ҲûУƽˡ
ǧҲ
ãūķӭȥ
Ųж̫ʷȵһԼжƥƲսܹǴγġ
ϦĹһ֧ƴϣǸŰӰ޷˵ūķӭȥ
Ƭԭϵĳһ˲䱻εɪɪ
֧ӭرܣʵǺܿͻ棬ȻսɳڼǸΪ׵ūͷĿʱŵΣһ̱㿪ʼ٣
ūЩģųٲ⿪ǿǶ䣬ɧŵˣҪϮʵ˵Цˡ
˵ƳȺūʱǲûзż¶֮ɫ׷ײ㿪ˣ
ʲô
̲Щū˵֮Ҳϳ˹ȥʱЩūѾתͷһͷĿȿֺӿˣ
Щսٶȼ죬ӿٶҲ죬һת۵ʱ䣬ӳս
ӣǵܹоĲҪԼӵĲ¶ѵǿ벻𣿣
ʵ벻Щū˵⣬Ȼʶ٣һǧѷĺûᣡ
ǡסԶԶս½ţڻսɱɱУ
ūұūұ
Ԭ̷Ŀѣƿڴ֮ʱͼѾһݺץסߵĴǲҵĲǰӭУձ
˧ѾԽԬ̷죬Ȼû˵һ仰ֻһѪ
ӣӣ
ˤ䳾һ˲䣬ȻūΪαȴףⳡսˡ
޷ΪǸ׸еҫĶˣʧܣʧʱһֱԻĳЩҲˡ
ǡҪβܴЩݵӵܻؼ簡
ɺ͸˳ţ̾һԭԮ̫ʷʱһ˽ˡ
βԮЩūץߵ׳е㾪ţѾվڳ£ߺؾš
Щ׳֮⣬һȺţԼʮū׳꣬ԼΪ׵һġ
ǵڳڶߴ̣оҪҪЩ˽չһСۣǿɱȥӭУƺӦ÷˽ǿū˰һǴ̿ô죡
½˰塣
Ȼǵˣôܲǽ½˵ʶʶʲôĴܴ̿ɱҡ
һηŵſžûмʱǰýǸеӭ־ˡ
ףճľʿ·мһպе½վŲķҪú⡣
ͷһūΣʹļס
ģվ½̲סЩū˾㣡Ҫ磡
ġǰͨһݵڵˣ
С˺¹ãڷ޴֮ǰݣݻʹЩˣ׳ūЩţ򣡶ϵı񣡡¹еغС˲ǧ˳УΪС˵ʶǳ½ʱΪ̫ҪۿһڳЩʱգ׼䳬Ⱥʿ䣡ʰһһӢۣһһĺܣˣĸʿС˳ĳİݷЧҵʹǴףضҲһһū֮󺺣ĸ
½оԼɵˡ
ûɵ
ƺɢź
СĥСֹ
˵˭أƭ˸Ĵҧгݣ㿴ô𣿡


202 
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˵кû,ˮʱ·˵أͿɽŮȢΪ,λŮӱǾβ
ٺʱڣ뾰ǧ,˵ظΪǧ˳,Ҫ԰֣ڴⱼۡ
һ֣һִ˵ﶼǸõط,,羰ط֣Ҳܰڳ
ģΡ׳ݴϣη˪ѩ,ɡ
ȫһģ
½ӳŴӭ˽һˣҲʳ갰ɡ˳ʱ,ϣǣһһӳŴС
ǧʬ,ЩսˣЩ,Щ,Ŀ,ڳ£һγһʬɽ
һһȣʬʼãʬɽѾӬۼֻڴʱЩӬܼۡ
СЩ˳һۣսߣΪ˹ʡ
ǼˣұشȽʰɾǡ
ǿȵĹ£ûгⲻͣˣȴ˵ĵʱΪ˷ֹߣÿһյϣ㽫ڳеʬռһòˣڿˡ
Ụ̃Ҳڵİ
ٺʲôҪЩãҲҪЩʬͳһǷظһôŶԵЩӵȥʿҲ̫ˣҲ̫ˡ
Ǳ㱻ʯңѵˣɳͷġ
½һ£鱻Ĭ˿
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Ԭ̷Ͷʯԡ͡롱յûͨ˵λ˧ʱЩʯڳǽϣܷɹǽԭǧ˵С޼ɵؿش
ЩӱʯҴˣиùıˡЩٶմѪæµ޲ԼݵİҲŴТ¡
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֧ʱЩһصŮ׾ͻͣеĻƣתǡ
ǵϲ

ǿ𣿡½˵㿴Ԭ̷Щʲô𣿡
õʧʥ˵İ갰Ըпһ䣬Ԭ̷ڳ˳·ˡ
½Ŀ·һСŮϡ
Ůһǣһⳤĳ̽ͷ̽ԣ˷ܼˡ
սϵ˧ҪԹȥССҲһТȺһҲۡ
ΪʲôҪȻʵ
Ȼתͷ񣿡
½֮ɳһʱӢۣ갰Ѹٵϸ룬Ԭ̷һ򣬲Ƶ
·Գ˻Ǽе˵Ĳɵš
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Ȼ˭Ҳ׼ɸ˳갰ԣùһٷ֮ǻǣصӪ֮С
Ԭ̷ʧ˶ǧūǧݱǶǧūӣֻʣǧļݾԼǧݱ
δ𣬵ƴҸΪҪѾûˡ
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Ѿͬ˸棬ЩȻڳУѡڳӪ֮ƣ׼ͬԬ̷һ㼡⡣
߱ǣ갰ȻڿĵȰ˵ɵ󶯸ɸ갡
λʮԲ̩ɽͷĿһۣ΢΢ЦˣΪǺˣ
ѻش
갰Կ½һرµˡ
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½ȫһˣһִֿʮ̻ϸپʵһˡ
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һǮȨƣɫ̫沨Լˡ
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Ԭ̷ļݾ˹·õ˺һ㣬ʼ󳷡
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˭ġƽ֡
װû
Ԭ̷ľԽԽԶʱԾжɱ˹
Ԭ̷ʹ

Ԭ̷Ҫһ棬ȻǺȥоͼСɽϡ
ʲô
һĸ˸ؼҰְֵģ׼Сľ𣿻Ǻűǻò
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κĶԻᵽʱպȻ΢
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ʲô㣿Ȼһ䡣
ͼȴͬ˵ָָɽµļ򣬡ʹʮֿοױȱԭæģȻʹʮ;ƣǵôȥǡ
ѾˣɽҲûʲôˣԬ̷س˹֣һҪ뿪
½һ⡣
һҪ⡣
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203 
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ЩѾ뿪ǣٲµҲѰ˷ݾסڽͣ˾ͱú١
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ʱᰤҰ̽ãʱרעĳһǰ,һͬб㹻,ǺߣҪˣ׳̧ʬ壬һ˸𰲸⻧գһ˸ַҩҶǲҪǳʱ,̿ŰǽϻϴļǺš
˱֪ˣһˡ񡱡
һֱܻ,ֺζ˵ʵʵĳƺǡ
ս֮󣬱дߡ
Щܹҹҹעǳ,ǳأΪ,ܸǴһο塣
ÿһҹĬΧǧ˳߰,Թ޵ĽŲ,ٴͬ޹ΪƷ
ΨһܹȡĶǾ֡
ҵ£½δȥֶפǧ˳һʱ䡣
׼Ȱ棬ڳ·һЩƷ꣬ͬʱҽʦʿʼߡ
ȫǿʼĴҩǷַҩҪѬݣȻǸսˮ֮տ
һϸɴߣϸɴЩľޣʵϷסڱǡֵĶǷַҽʦա
ʹˣЩȾߵƽÿȥÿһȥķӶ̿д˼Ǻţһ֪Ӧܿ
߶ʬûģߣͳһգڱСʬɽһ𣬻ΪŨŨ̡
ЩɾĸܵһһزüҾߣΪ׷ĺڻƮǳء
׼ί½ʾ˵ϲԴҪĲԿǳϵļ빩
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СΪιǣ˼ӵͷС˵ǧ˴ѣβһ˰
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ȻߣС֪һŷֻļѡ
գգۣһֵļӸУʲôŷ
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Щɺ͸˳ˣҲû˵ʲôԭֻ˵ûߡ
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Ԭ̷½Ľĺ¶ݶ㲻ϣֻ˵СһܣȻ࿴һĸԾ֣
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·֨ѽ֨ѽ
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һ𣬽Ļ괵𣬱׽סŵǰϸؿ
Ĺǰ仨ֿѣίƵ


204 
սʵû,еĴڳ
ھסİ˵ڿԻعԭˡ
ʱľӶ̫ʲôС޷Լо,ǻܶעһ㣬Ҫ̫˵˵ʱһʳζؾٵһʳǴʳǴũ˼ѳģؾûʲôϵ϶йϵ,ΪؾȱʱҲ䣬ȴӿ߱˼ף˿ʳ֮,Ҫǣũ˼һͷţ,ͷ
ΪϿĳ̶ʱ,ͻֳΪũԼ,ҲԳΪؾʳ
Ԭ̷ܱʳ,ϾƽԭԶ,ǧս,ûҲѡϽ,سϵĴׯȽ⣬ЩԬ̷ӹĴׯЩȫ,ũҲˣԬӴݽΪԼģ¾
ڳ֮,ũ˵ӻ
Ʋӵʱ,ֻ̼,ЩݸժЩҶԣǻϣ˿Լꤵػһ˰Ķ󾿾ˡ
̫ʷ֮ǰҪ׵Ķʿȥũ
չֻһСҪѿǣѿǺԽһӹЩũ˵Ŀʣ´󲿷򲻱ѿǣǣܱסʣٷֳһСߣȴװ
˵ʰߣž˼ɡ
ЩҪԶе˲ŻὫҹãĴ뿪ܰġ
̫ʷȾģЩ֮˳УȻ뿪ȥһδ֪ĳ·Ҳʲôޡ
˼˯ȥ˯˲֪ãƺεȥ£ʱҪıˣȴһ񣬻صʱ˵ĸʲôܹ࣬˭Ԯ֣ǽһ¾Ĵսͣػϡ
ֱҹΪڳԮҹƽԭǣڳĹôһλꡣ
ʲô£
̫ʷŵʱ򣬺Ȼ˼УУòԶ
ʱϷС촰վֻ˲￴
ǿҪϸۿʱȻͷˡ
̫ʷȺȻʶЩĥʱյʹΪˡ
½µʿһϲ£ں̲ԵľӪҲֻһ㣬ߴߴ
ߴߴĻΧ̫ʷȣ˵ôġ
ݱסʱΪ̫ʷҪ£뵱潫γǴˣ
УξڿؾģǴĴ
Ҫ˵ضǼ̫ʷ
⻰ɲ˵
УξǸ½ƽԭһ·˵ģڱ̫ʷѹһͷ񲻡
Ƕʲôиü۵˼˻⣬Ҳ˵̫ʷε䣬Ĺͣ˵̫ʷ
ôˣ
ϱһüëЩˣ½Ů˲ɣ
һƬȻ
ɲ˵⻰Ǳȥѵô
ʹҪҲ˵һ˵㶫ʿĽش̫ʷòģĹͣһȲЩĻƿСҿǲ
˵ˣ˾ˡ
еΡ
ս£ʮﶼװֻѰװӵϴ˼Ϊ׵佫֮󣬱Ź
Щɵʿ߽Ӫе佫ֱ֮ˡ
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Ҳ֪ǹ̫ʷ½һ˽˵ҲȥУǶ֪ģдߣѰǲܽġ
һˣ£Ǹ̫ʷͬʿƲƲ죬ôȵù̫ʷ
ǣ
Ͳˣŵģһ䣬̫ʷҲ϶Щ֮£
ȻһܱȵùȢˣ
ʣ»ʲôȼͶ࣬Ҫȱò
߽½ľӪʱѾ˽յձвͬ
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ǼˣĿе̽еޣһ̫Ѻá
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ΣɲѾʿʲôЩʿֻһߴƮƮĿӰ첻оЩơ
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֮⣬Ҳϲ̫ʷˣɾãκ˵̫ʷЩ֮ߣ᲻ϲң׳ڣ˼йŷ磬һλʿ
ܹȬϣཻһ
ֻ̫ʷȵһձһأϢ˳ҲüΪϧ
̫ʷȥˣ½һ۰򣬡۵˲ΪһСʹգ
ЩصЩʹ뷨ʿǵ̽ͷ̽ɢȡ֮һɹĸо
̫ʷ嶨Ȼ˺תֻЩʿΪ̬
߽ʱ̫ʷߵǰ͸һ͸
Գ꣬ټƽףԵøϳɳء
̫߳ʷȲ֪ΪʲôѺøɸɾˣһӾͱ
һ˫ֱƽüë΢ʱŲŭƣչʱԵʮס
˫۾ƽʱܴ˼ǣڵ߳һһһںӱ峺Ŀʱ·ҲתŴ£ˮỺʱ峺Ĺ⡣
һʱˡ
ӦǺܸ˵ģȷǺܸ˵ġ
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̫ʷоֹǺ̲ʲô⣬ԼͻȻ˵ˡ
㺰ʲô̫ʷļ򣬡ҽվôˣ𻰰ɣ
ʮֽ´ۡ
û֮ǰһֱ̫ʷԴЩ¡
ôˡ
λ佫طˡ
ף
ţ̫ʷԼ°ͣȡ
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ȷʵǧ˵ʱһղȥһղܵСŽЩ
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½æߣæŷߣʿŲǣ̫
һսΧˮԴҲᱻʬȾʮΣգ֧ҪԶУβðա
˸˳ÿﲻ䷳ؼѲӣʿȡˮֿʿĴĲ񣬿ʿǽˮԴãЩʿǲر֮Ҳüϡ
ææµµʿǸѰȥϢ˳Ҳ׼΢Ϣһ£ٽյĸöʱɻˡ
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˸˳һȻһ߹ȥӭ
̫ʷ֮£
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Զ
λ˼ϸܣ꣬Ӳѵ佫תͷŸ˳۾
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ˣԶΪ̬Ү
˳Ϊɻ˵ʱ¾Ƶ£˵̫ʷȲԺͼȫơ뿪ݣˣƴֻкôûлιأ
λֿѸûʲô£Ҳ̫ʷȵơ
ˡ

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һվӪм䣬Ҳ벻׷ʲôµĸ˳
ЩδǣĿҲš
Ľ֮ʱͥԺһƣһ㺣ʣһԶݳݺɵ
ʹһ鱩ˣĻҲƽ
ֻ۹۱ǱǹۿڿڹģԼҪһ̡
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͵ܣϵ˵Ҫˡ
һ̣˾ͻ뿪ˡ
Ŭû˳Ϊ͵ܵΪƽƽص˵ͷûд
ȥɽ·ԶɳұòǧշתǰЧҪӻּ˵ȥˣƷ
ݾսƣˣǿڵȰ
ƲƲ죬˵죬ܲپҪˡ
ڳɹһ˿ּۻ۵
ҲԵʣ¹ûֹˤؽ˳ȥ
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Ϊ̫ƽ䲻ĸ岻ƽۣھʵѰ
Щֵÿʵţö׵ⳡ¹ԭ·ֳʤźã˭ҲںȨʥͷͳںİĺҽɽ
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Ļʵе룬ϸ룬˵и뷨
ţ
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ͥԺ֮⣬ֻŮϲƣ˵⼸ŮҲͷŵһ㣬ʾԼʲôû
;ú棬ŮùȻһλŮɵĻºðʧԼǲġ
Ȼ˵˵ˣԾͶ˵䣬бۿһۡ
úܣһҲûʲô
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᲻ΣȢ𣿣
ͨ
ž߹Ů⻰ȽһǸǺɸõľҲˤ˵ϡ
ܴ˻Ůίˡ


205 
ϻز,΢һˡ
³䲻Ļ֮ԼرΣҲرûڵ,⻰ʵ̫ˡ
֮󣬾Ȼһھƣһ롣
Ȼδʹ˵,ϾҲǵĵˣҿδԸˡ
ʹס˶ͷ
Ͼ˾Щףۡ
ԭ֪ۣ
ɫһҲû䣬С½,ǶȻģ
е㽲ȥ,Ϊγٶ۵Ҳ޼ɵ̸½Ļ̫Ҳ̫졣
һһú֡
һλŮɲܼλ,֪ͯĵȢ,Ҳֻһλ,ҪָСɺ͸˳¼,λͬݽ,һҲ,ͬʱƼˣһô
Ӽȥӷ,¼ȥ˳ԣ갰ȥԼĴӵܣҲȥ˳Ⱥ,Щ˱˴˿ò̫˳,ż䰵Խ֮,ȷеġʹû½λ޵ŮɣЩҲиԵͥ˴ԭ㲻ʲôѡ
Ҳ˵ΪһλŮɶֵòɿҲʲô˲õ£ԸԼ壬߶ݶԣʲô£Ҳֻ˵֮ѡ
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ۣͬҪսϲսͬ˱ֵܸףҲֵܸײǡ
֮ϵҲҪƽҪǻһìܣĳһ󣬵²ˣǸ˼ĶǣĪ˵⽮ԱҲˡ
ƾʮؿһۡ
ӿɣƺҲûʲô£·һ׮ý˼
ǵһ˼֮ˣԼƺ뷨
ҲһھƣһֻƤʮִĺϺִ˴ϺƤ
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ԥˡ
ֻһˣ̽˭أ
˫۾һ˿⡣
װʲôû˹سԵһֻϺ
ֻһˣտˣѷҶ꣬أҿǼʺС½ġ
ϸڲ֣˺Ȼһ£Ȼּϸϸ
͵ΪΣ
Σ㽫׿ϸңѾ֪ˣЦȻ˵ˣĽתȥݣȻҪԼǡ
½Լһ㶼ֵ֪ĶԻԼһģ޵Ů£ҲûʲôʵԵ֪
Ͼν֮ѹڴ߻ĿǰΪֹûмͼĻ״ָֻŵˡ
Ũ̹ЩתʬҲòˡ
ЩѾֲұ˴˵ʬ嶼һɢһۼС
¹Щѿ
ڳʱ䣬пɺ͸˳˳Ҳõллæʱλȥ̫ʷȣһҩء
ݾӪؽǧ˳ǵϷ⣬̫ʷȵľӪó֮ƣȲţ
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ףŽأ̽ͷ̽ԡ
Žˣʿ컹ͦεģ£СǱ㲻ˣ

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еãԶԶһ۾͸ϽĿջˡ
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սЩĵطūϣ̩ɽܶಽ䣬׷һǧͷΪۣæ
вһҲûС
˳ӪһȺ䣬̩ɽܵ;صġһȣȣ˼粢Ҳܲٶȣ֪ͯĵ
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һкͷ磬գˮ磬˼ҲЩٶˡ
ҲΪԬ̷ƴ󣬡ø˳ĳĬֻǲԸ⿪ڿϾ˾˳˱ͳĬԣս£ѷˣضΪԵʡ
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㡣

ĳѾˣӪеʿǴӸ˳ʼ׼ʳֻ߱ȱȻ
ཻ֮ʱʿҵܶԵģں㣬ӣֻһֻù
һƬУ˳վǰĬؿ
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ⳡյпʼ֮ǰ¹˸׼֧·֮ҪԼ񲢲ࡣ
Ȼе㲻£ҲµЩǸǸշתԭأоկЩ¼죬¹ֱҪʲôֻҪͿԽȥЬˣϯϣúõϢһԼϵõ
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һ·ˣҲԣҪ½Щ˵ǵȷǷθ֮ԡ
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ҲͬСһ䡣
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Ӹ߲ѷ½
ҵҪշС½ҪҲΪЧҲ֪Ҳͬ·ˣǲԸġ
ɫδ˹߻ذӰ֮еԵЩ
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Ϊڽʿеȴʹ߲ѷԼģԹߣأ
С½ġ
ҾС½ɣͽã
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˼ȴֲԸԡЩţø߲ѷںεأԶںεذ


206 
ȫݴ,мֳȣмֿҡ
ʱŮɿˮر,СĽЬ£ýѩһ˫̽γˮһһžˮĹ,Žҧһ£֭ˮ磬ŶڵĿ֡
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һ,ʵ̫ˡ
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Լ,ͬʱҲصԥһ
ǵġ
ǡԥЦǺǵص˵ͷ
ΰԼɹģģŵ´˼ۡ
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ԥǸĹ٣ǽأҲûʲôҪɹϣɹһģ
ȥ󺵣ԥ˵Ȼ
ŶŶԵ˵Ȼأ
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ҪһƬģٵأԲ׳ԼʵĿһ£Ǿͱɡ
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Ӧòǣ˵Ǹòƽƽ˰ˡ
е㲻ˡ
С񣬡˵½㹦׷棬òƽƽ棡Խ껹Ů֮ˣ
͵գգۡ
ûʵϸһ룬λ½ȷʵǸˣʵҾǵòЩԹ߰ˡ
٣ȴǸӣС֮硪
û£û£粻ģü۵˵½ҲĿء
ȻС½жģ㿴Ҳشͷ˹ڡ½жۻһ֮½㻹Ρ
ַ꺵С˵ĸСͷ󣬴һ
ıҪôŲܾʳ̫Ҫôٿ֧Ҫôӡ
ȵͺˣһֹ۵Ԥ⡣
ĴˮԥæŽѧĿڡ
áȻ˵Ҫǿױѧطʿʫ飬ۡۼ룬Ǻأǲأ
ʳ֮;Լʵú֡
ǸסڳũˣЩ£
˴𰸿϶ǡáҲǡáǡ޹ء
Ļشʮֳ
Ȼһϲ£֮ʵϢ׼ô
ҲҲһ׼˵ΪʲôǼ£
룬С˲ʶ֣ҲѧʣСȴãôңڴ̣ӹǿ༫ˡ
ͷ
ʲôطһȺѧʣضǼģûұûܣһ룬ЩԲϣǻʲôѧʣ˵СĴѣ˵ĵطȻԸȫСǰȥģ
Ȼ
ͺ˷ܣ߶߶ǲϢѧʲôʱЩʿʲôʱ򵽰Ҳ֪Ȳ⣬ʿҲôһɣǿ϶ǻİɣҪͷȲˣǶ죿Ĵݣʹӵʳι죬Ⱦ˶ʱҲǼ۰ɣ
½ע˸߲һؼȥܸӡ
ܿѧ˭棬δģδ֪¡
ֻͷڽ죬ΪϢʵʵڵˡ
һڷʱĿҲˡ
˵ľ죬żĲ߽Ⱥ
һҲûڣϦһ͵Ĺ߹ʱ׵øһ·΢΢⡣
ôˣһԥ̫ʷȣֿһۣЦеشк
ſױѧǰæȺƽƽ˵
´һ£صͷѧʣȷǶԾġ
Ⱥɫһڡ
½Īڼ£
ʲô
ȺĿⲻ̶طĳһʲôϣǧս֮ãʬɽεȿңȴʲôæﲻϡ
֪Ϊʲô
óȺһί
Ȼ޷ǴӺζġίȥļ
Ǹ˾ְˣֻ̣˵ֻѧʣʲôܻܲȥѧʣԳİıǣǻƽСµˣ
ȺǸڰ׷Ȼתһ£ضһۣƺⷬûаοðˣл˼ίԱģʽ
ֻǶһۣʲôû˵ִȡһų
ţ˵Ҵ
ţ˿ʲô
֮ǰǧߣûиһݣдţ̫ʷȵ֮⣬Ҳ˵һ˵ݵĸִС£ⶼ
ûдʲô׵Ķ
ţǳǳĲס
ͬ˵֮սϢѾɢˣݵ˵Ϣ졣
Ϊݵھӣ½ˣϰдһţʹ͵û˵Ҳûϵ
йص£
һϰ˵Ӳܰû飻
ϰί½Ƿ䣿
ʲô


207 
ϸһ,֮ǰʹ۲ʱƺǼܰġ
ϰĶӳĲ̫ѿ߱һ,һٷɵ˼
ȷŲܰûж࿴ۣλʮ󲿷עϣעһһ˭˵,˭Цˣ˭һˣ￴ˣܰǿСԴתˡ
˵¶,˵һλʱʱ̿̽ϰŲĺôۿɷ,;ò̫С
ҲƷѧһֻ࣬Ҳ˾ù졣
ϰ,˳Ӳܰ,λҲǲϰļ̳,ʱµ˵,ȢһǱŵȥ,ô뵽ôһǭ׳Ůأ
ܲȷ,ʼ˼
ѵ˵ûλǸԣһϲңȷ룬ҵʱװ,λĿζǲǲеⰡ
Ůⲿȥһ㻹б𣿡
Ӧòȱ
롣
붫Ҳƿ,һ,,أ޽һŻڵ̬̾ͱˣǵҪһ̵ĽĺܲҲв
ԣͳķԲԴ㱾ڡ
ǡ
㲻
Ȼᣬʾɵ𣿡
ôһ⣬ΪʲôЩԼֶЧҺ壬ĶǴӻأ
ȻΪҪ̳мҵ
Ȼˡ
еڡ費һڣ裿õģ費һͷţ⡣
ҺԼĴӣΪӼ̳мҵӵ;ûô˳죬Ȼˣһס
Ҳ˵ЩҵȷҪͬ׵ģԶ׼ڻҲƿݱȨżȻҲԷȨ
ǱڲܲǲڵģϰĶӽףڻõһжʧȥôĴҲҽرΪһûκԴԣҳ߹ѰŮˣһܲһǰ뵽˵ġ
˲ϰ岻ôӳֱҪΪԼףʵģһʼ϶²ɹһٶ
Ŀĺأ
һս֮֮ûʲôѺùϵ
ȻھӣǵĹϵȷʵȽ䵭ʾ俼ǵʱƾУ๥˭ҲֲãǸһЩ˵Ŀꣿ
ݱԬܣǲܲ٣ϱԬһϵеСĿꡣ
ܲҲһϱ塢ԬǿŵСĿꡣ
˭еƵġ
Բܲٿʲô˲ŷųķͼǽã
Ҫһְʾбʾô㲻㣬˭Ƚϻ㣿
壿ԬԬռݻϣˮģȴݵԬ·˵λһֱ߶߶ƵۣӦǴûˡ
½ûµϰʵķչȴŵͼµòˡ
һźʱֳȺû߿ôվԱߣڶ
㿴ʲôɵʣֹˣ
ȺѸһſɵĺ죬֪ǱĻģ֮ͬ׼һʱ˽ǡСܵǸԼһ֪;ֻʣ°ġ¹
̨ˣӭȥ
¹΢ЦŸҲһк½ս°
е£Ͻ˵ֻԬ̷ԸˣҰˡ
Ҷ˵ˣ̫ʷ£پΣݣС½ǿ֮һµĳǣԬ̷СǺεȿ֮ˣο˱˵۵ȷ£ٸС㣡
ĴཫϯıҲ׷ǰǼֹܿͽΧסˡ
ƻͨС
ȺվȺ֮⣬ǸһĲµӰܿ챻ȺΧסˣ¹̫ʷԥΧһȦݵʿĹԱԼµļԱ졣
֣ĵȡ
ȺվͻȻԼ֮ߵģ֪ѿ羶ֱϯǡ
ͷ֮ȻΪԼɵ뷨𾪵ˡ
ܽǵͯ飬Ҳһ޶ֶΣοҪͬڽãѧģΪͷķ£
ȺĬĬѰԼλˣίûгܾãΪˡ
ڵºܸߡ
ȻǸսǰ׼Ԭ̷ֽǲصסġ
ȻزסκֵˣѻȫˡΧʱԬ̷򱱺µλ
ʲôøɣֻҪддʫˣǸʫģϯϳʿ֮ҲʵǼܽˡ
ʹˣϾΪսʤûв˵ģ˿ʼȾơ
˼ҿм䣬ⳡ̵½һߣ׼ϴ·ȥһߡ
Ϊ½ʤһΪ;ףһ
ΪԬ̷ıδܵóѸһΪӼһλͽףһ
ΪѧһΪݸϽףһ
ڵļܽûгܾá
ȥˡ
ȻͷۣҲҸͷۡ
Ȼ˳ˣҾ֮£ڼֵسԳԺȺȡ
չˡ
ûȶ١ʾô˳Ƶġ
߽ɣ˵Ǿã¾ƺʧǡ
ãҲúȡ˻֣£Ϊˡ
⼸뿪ǣҪϣ˵ټ֪ʱ
仰˳һе
Щؿ˿
ƺûʲô仯ȻǸº
ƻµ޷˼˿
ЩôЩɡ
½յĬźһڡ
ŶԣӲӿ˿ľյǸˣΪϣһսõȷ
ҲûʲôЦսôһսʲô˲𡣡
ĿӾյ̧һۣȻҡҡͷ
ϯһƬӣоƵȰƵжƵģֻ֮Ȼ
ڵȥسʵ㵱Σ
ѾƵĳǡ
ǸΪ󺺡ģԻͣȴһȥǡ
ǾסģȫȫⱣǡ
½һЦҡҡͷ
б¶˵ɫ
Ԭ̷һս֮һسǵļɺĵãȴ˷
ѣȴվͬһࡣ
ԼյеǾƺȸɾһ롣
㶨Ȼû
һ㡣˵
˵˵㵽ûö⣬ɺ͸˳˵㵽Ҫһ

ϵЦݺȻʧˡ
㲻ҲûʲôѾͬ˵ˡ˵ҲҪ֣ȡЦһŮɡ
Ϊΰ
ؿݣ벢˽ףҴб׮²ɣԮʱҲ˿ھΪ˵
治ǹгá
̴ò˵ͨͨƪֻԼ׵ʧ˽̹̹
ܺʡ˵
ͷ
֤ܿɿҲãҲգ½˵ȴ֮ã񲻿ϧ
ںȾơ
һɸǾƣһζӡ
ƣã˲õֻǰϯضǡ
ΨһЩźûоѣ˳ԣȾƣֻĬؿȡ
ǿʣһյʲôҪ
˳˫侲۾֮λ佫ֽյˡ
ǿ
һ˫زδ򶯸˳ȻĬţͬһ
Ӧµġ˵ͬҲһ
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˳ͬţȻڲļһ֧𽥲ΪӪִ²ɵ֧ӲĲǴ¡
˵κ򽫾Σ˵ҪƹӪ
ΪκףʮΣҲûв⣬ֻ˵һ롣
к岻Զ
ҹµڿˡ
ֶС½飬㵱²ǡ
һȾƣһϰԵԼϵĶڣָ촽ʱȻϱһ˿ڡ
ֲң˴ޱˣɽ˼ǰѼĶίѷҲ̹Ҳڡ
ʹԸ½ֻֿһ㿴ݶԸ˳Ҳһѡ
˳֮󣬽ͷתȥ΢΢
¹ϣϣ·˿һ˿ɫʡ
Ҳ˵һ̫ˡ
ȷʵ򵥡
ټ֮أɢһľһԮֻкͬΪˣԱҳԮ͢овб߽ᣬɶܲĶ
ص㣬˶֪ġ
շתսʼ޷һأÿһܻ᲻ñ㱻뿪е۵½ȴɵ롣
ʵǲʺһģֲ֮¡
ѾҪߵ޴ߵľ·ϣԼȴ޲
ȡκи٣ݾǾģ
ЩǸ˳ȴ޷ģҲѹļ䣬֮¡
ȻףΪʲôԸ£ʵԥݻһλ
˳סˡ
ֺ˼
һŽĬĬעһµ۾ջɡ
۾ҲȾ¹⣬·һǧ꣬һֻضֻзֺıĨ⻪
˳˵ȴֻһˡ


208 
컹û,Ѿ
ǴҴææϴЩϴҲ˲ãɨ,ˮͰ߳˼š
ǳػûȫѣЩʳ̯ӵѾļ峿һ΢⿪ʼˮ棬æһӪ
ĹҪЩʱ,ֵɨɾ֮ٻóʳƽʱһ㵹ûж˱Թ
ʱҲˣ̫ɨֿһ¡
еϣڳŸոտʱ,ܽ糿Ĺ,ȥǵĳʳ
ˡ
˳·ҪˮҪɨ֮,ų·ҲҪɨء
,ֶֿʡ
ʲôʱ뿪˱С
˵ߡ
ߵú,һ䣬ҰԹҲˣ⼸ʲôǼأ
ײҲãҲգ۸񶼱òˡ
Щ˴ǳĶʱǵİԭЩ˷,˴˺ƺƵس,ǼȻҪԶ,ǲЩʲôж
ʲô
,ڳдɹ,ϵ¹վʳ֮⣬󣬲ƥǼҪɨһգ½ĳȱʣֻҵĲɹ
ʹˣ⼸վǵ۵Ǳ࣬Ǹ׬ѰֻЩ뿪ƽǡ
ǵ˽ߣЩʱһ·ӳɨƺҲ㲻ʲôܵĿˡ
ǽյϣƤ˵Ϊ׼ĳʳء
̱ЦҲӣˮʱôҲһգ
˵˭䣡
ʵۻشÿ켫ˣȻЩˣ˼ģ˵ӣǳЩõġ
ʲôõģ
ǵע˹ȥ
˼ȥҲ벻ʲôǡõġ
ûϵЩڳд򣬼̵ġˡܹǳ⣬ûʲôòĶ
ǽҪˣСͷĿҴҸѵһ䣬ֽ㲻䣡ǶϹɣ
СͷĿĵпԭģǵĳݼЩ֮ˣȻǺܲġ
ʵģΪȳǵĲǹˣǧǰ
ǶǿЩ첻ͳɨ·ļ۵ġ
̫𣬾һƬһƬũı̺ˣԶǳһߡ
չǱ̶ӷһׯ£ݡڳϣڽڳһƬӲӵĹԣͬ·
ͷۣڻǼſڣʮֿص˾ƾԶǧصߵĸ߷ڣ൨ġ
ȾƵҲرׯأл˿ڵʢ
¹ʾҪڵĹһ׮׮һ͢Ϊ⡣
ͦġ
κߣһ죬һۿڡ
һ
ҿ
һΡ˵
¶΢ЦС½ġ
ǸЦݾͲûס
㲻ң˵Ҳ뺰ǡ
Ծǧ·̣˵ʵʲôߵƣȫΪ֧һͷسӵԵʡ
ΪΣ
ͬԶͲѷ˵Ҫǽӭҡ
ĵ۾Ȼһ£˵һҲͣˡ
һ޼ʵҰͷ
о佫ֻҪһϮʱĳ֪˶ˣԼܵǰ
ҲԼ֧Ȼڻ¡
Īأ̾һ
½Щֵתͷȥǲ𣿡
ǡƽ˵ԶĲױ
̾ʲôأ
һֹۣһӭȥ
ǰ·Զһ¶ݵפ㡣
ױСƵģһϢʱҪĶ
ϯˮ缸ֻϡ
ױææ׼ЩʱĿһֱͣڸ˳ϡ
оּˡ
˳ġӪǲ䣬ɵĲױΪǹӭȻһЩʲô̾أ
ҿ˳Ҳһƽ͵ͷܵһᶼˡ
ȫǸ̵Ρ
֪Ϊʲô̾ˡ
һ۸˳һɣ֣Ҫǰ
սܣ޴ȥʱ½ңָСΪҵ֮ݶǼǵõģ˵ֽҴǮ÷ѣһ
ݿʮ࣬½Ҳ̸˵
ҽ飬ûʲôܱ͵ܵģȡݣܸΪıһ˵㿴ݴƬƽԭڴ˴սһ֧ȷǺܺúܺõġ
ǣ˵ֻҲ䣬̫ʷ䣬齨ϡ
ҽԶ£ѵҲһ͵ܵĶ飬Σ

仰ͻأͻأȫûӦĵز
̫ˣ
һǮߣӾǧͷʳ˵ˣ
Ȼгãծˣ
оԼܹ죬ûס´˼ɡ
һʮ佫Ƥееֲڣ¹˺ӣǿһӡ
ٻҲûɶر
ôֵǧͷӵӡ
ٿȺҲɢϢĲױҲǲݴ󺺵ӣҲûɶر
ȻһѺֵĶ
˵һȺϵ׺ϸ¶ˣһ鲼м͸ͷһ
Ȼø˩һȻͷĿ϶ɣǣӣȥ
ӦҲ۵ġ
½Ȼ˻ԴԼһѺܲԾĶγȥЩֵĿ⡣
Զһ
ǰһ˸񣬶תһ
ԸΪౡ֮ЧȮ֮͡
Ļֱף۾Ĺ⣬죬һƬϣ˲ԼոЩԶܲͳ
ЩΪũ˳ȷ䣬ֻ̫ʷһ˾ڴˣȴַ
£ЦһЦڣԺַˡ
;ǧһ
֮Ҫųһ·ȥɷؾǣ֣ʿһơ
ᣬ¹˹½
̨
¹ЦеأҲһ
һҹģհݱ𽫾֮ʣò󡭡
ǵͳ¹һֶûеģ¹ھͺԾ
ǳĹŹ֣Զ
ͳ¹Ȼ뿪ˣųֵܾС涨ˣһ㶼ȥø컹ͦͣģߡ
¹дһŸ㣬Ȱһ뿪дŸ갺顣
갺飿
Դض¹˵ųֵܹϵУֵܵܵ飬ضͬ⽫Զˣط·㰲ȶˡ
갺Ǹλá֡
ݵһ֣ԬܵĿ£Ҳ֪ϰʲô顣
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¹Цݵһ㣬׿򽫾֮£Թң޷ڡ
ش̫⡣
Լһ롣
ſ϶ʲô⡣룬Գ¹Ǹ̬ͺƤ˵ųԺ״ɵĻǲƸȦңҪٱʱſڡ
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һֵѾС棬ǰΣĿԲ󣬵¹˵갺ǽҲ˵Ŷ갺ǺΣյġ
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ʶ
أ
ƣһݸһݸɡڹ̨һ˵ͷ߿ˡ
һ𣬡˵
þô˵
ܻٻġӹƣתͷɡ
Ӱ߲Žϸǵϡϡϡ
ѾвʼؽС
ݴﶪ˼ֻƤܹȿѾԹˣƤǿڲݴУһΪṩ֣һΪһСƬṩϢ
Ҳɸ˳һԹϡʲôʱ
ػһ£˼峺ľҺ
Ȼʶ¹ļıֱ׼ˡ
ĳһתͷȥһƽԭ
ĸ˳ͷһۣû˵
ֻǿһ֮󣬱תͷҲ׷Ľȥˡ
ǼӰнԶܿ볤ĶΪһ壬·ˮѰԼķһ㣬һ·ǰֱ˴ˡ
߰ɡһ˵һдһŸ׿
ƺ˵ʲôǵ˵ͷ
ؾǡ
Ҳƽؿһۡ
Ľˣǧͷӣ˵Զһ㶼ģ
仰ƺ˵е㷢㶡
Լƥտҵ³ЦЦ
䲻Ʋݣ˵عƽ̹Ҿмˡ
Ҳֻ⸽ѣԶЩͻƬĻԭ˵ѾҪˡ
¹Щ
ţ
ɺҲŵתͷžǵķȥ
ѹ磬ʢ಻Щеش˹ǲݣⳡ죬ﱸΰ϶ˡ


209 
֮սѾ,ܻȫⳡսµĺۼ˵γǵȻлչĺۼֻǧ˸ũڳżῴܡ
˻ȥݾӪظһһ,ڶɽҲܷҵ߲һǼ˵ˣҪ֪һ׵Ʒ಻ͬ,ǮǮңũ˴ʮּӣ⼸Ǯ͹ȫ㻨ˡ
ƽԭ˾ûôණɼǵ³־س,ִͷɥػ,ЩϱҲһֿտգʿ䡣
ƽԭ,ڿսǽӷһʲ,ֻһ,Ǯ׬ܺãûǮ׬Ҳô
ʱ˲ͬ
ūΪԬ̷϶ߺһ֧ʱǵλãƽԭ
֧ʱū٣ֻǧˣǸմΧ趵սϳװΪ,ѵҲΪ,۸ȻҲΪ
ƽԭ,Ԭ̷,ûսǰ,÷ǲܵġ
ֻܽĿڽϡ
ƽԭʲôأ
ЩʱڸƸߣһѲߣһֱõذյѪʱ䷢һѵõĿꡣ
һӱˡ죬ңңڼˮԣһȥͷβ
˵һ֧Ӳʲôѡ
ʱ˷ģ֧͵سʵ̫ɹˡ
Ҫ˵һһҪ˵ЩԵף˵Ǹڳߵ򣬾˵Ҳӣ
κһ̰Ķ
Ƕӱ˭ΪλڼˮԣҪȥЩȫȻҪˡ
ʱ˽Ϣ㱨ǵ࣬ϣ˼ˮԶԶ˺ֻܾ֮´һ
ȥƽԭǣ˵ӡ
ʱһ·۽ƽԭʱԬ̷ؿƾϷ
ûʲô󲡵ģֻǷ̫࣬˽˿ĵͷٵ
ŮǾı֯ϯ¯˱̣Сɽһ˳ϸϼ⣬һα¶£ǵϼһ䵽ڰǴϡ
ֻѾõʮʣݻȻ޷Ԭ̷еһ˿һġ
鶯˶ԵǷּϡ
սɣװ۽ʹͼҵ븸׽
ͼ⻰ţ΢ЦŴȡּ򣬵˹ȥ˵С£Ӻǣ
Ԭ̷ĿݵطǷϣֽĿƻ˹ͼϡ
ȰҰձɵʲôã
ǵ򵽱£ź̸̸ҲͰˣڶѾ˼Ҵ˻ȰвּԵøˡ
Ȼãͼյһ룬ױּ򣬹ӱԽ;ѵϡ
ѣ
˵̲֮⣬ǲ½ٱͼصЦһЦΪȻܴɣò㬶飡
Ԭ̷ˡ
ռסݴ룬ֱ½βһ׮ͣͼЦϸ룬вܲ٣Ԭ˭ͬһ̵ӺοΪı
ǲģͼڵĹ۵ͬĹ۵ƺȫһ¡
ǿȰ˵ڸ׵սһû֮⡣
Ԭ̷ô³ۣҲʶͼͼˡ
ʤȻãҲνѰдʤ̣Ҫ£Ҫ˳·ھһѣǿɾ͸ѽ
⴫˴ҴҵĽŲԬ̷ӻоѻ
Ө͸СɽѾһ룬ˮɽĽС
Ԭ̷յһ
Ļе뷳ơ
ΪʱڿҵΧǣҲźսѲӱ
ֿһǷּ
ҾֻΪΪ⣬ף˲ɣ
ӣ
˽ʹ
Ԭ̷̧ͷԺеʱˡ

Ƕӱǡ죡ͷ첻ģϸαװƽĽӽȻı
ʲôı
Ԭ̷һ˲佫ƷˣԼҲ
꽫û˲ɫȡ֮üĿ뱩塣
γǵĴˡ죬½Ĵˡ죬¼ˮԵسִˡ죿ԺǲʲôɽܴšƽԭˣĪǣĪ˽ΪӲɣ
ӣ˵ȷʵ
ʲôԬ̷ŭȵУѵұɣҽ࣬ǧݾʱΪǰɼˮ׷о
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ȣ̫ƽԭϳ;оͺࡣ
Ѿ뿪˱ķΧƽԭԵѵصĲݳǻɢڶ࣬Ĵ̽顣
żˮϣȣ·ˮݷïǴʮѺãļ쳤ǿʮְկ̣ʱͣϢһ£ȵ̫бʱٰӪկϡ
ֻҪƽƽ߹ƽԭ߸ʮձ㽫붫
һ㶼갺ģʮּС½˵갺鲻òӴ
һǮʱԴһʳԱ֮󣬳ӽ򣬹˻ƺӣǹٶɡ
ٵ·̾ͼˡ
ϢúܺãüĿҲҪ¶һ˿ɣ׼΢ʱԶԶغȻ˻ϸһʱȻǺµĲԡ
ٸɫ
Ϯ֧ʱ˴
ͫһ˲ַ
ôĵӰϳãһ룬ЦһЩĪǽҵǰ̩ɽܣΪҲ
˳ҴҸΣ
ǰȽΧ𣬡ͣһͣغԵκĿ⣬ѷ㽫ӪãʱҶ򣡡
˳Ȼһ񣬡ǣ
֧һͷĳҲѸٱѰسӲ֧ͬӼûȫİ峵һɫ⳵ƽʱ·ٶҪǨͲ䣬ʱܿ㽫ЩһΧһԲεķ¡
ǰ
ǰ
Ʊ󣡡
Ʊ󣡡
ìڣ
ìڣ
˳ҴҶϸһ֮󣬽ĿġӪϡ
Զؿʼ
֧ڳʱ֮ġӪʿͬʯһĿҲ¶ֺš
복ӹڵʿͬǰìڲࡣ
Ѿ׼Ҫʱĳ
ԽԽ̳ҲԽԽ
ǿǳļúˮ£Ҳ
ʱڳڵƽ֮ϣ
һ̲ȫԬ̷ִеġ
Ԭ̷ʱΪǰҪǵȴоһͬ
Լ뷨Ҫһԣ֧ʵıʲôʵ
˽ԭȻһװ취Ҳ׼ٲԶһ֣һЩӦԡ
Ǿʧ룬ԴУ֧سӵõĲ֡ʱ˵ˣ
Ȼ֧ڣǺܿҲֲôʱҲ䣬ֲôѵƽԭڣԬ̷Ĵ
뷨Щ̰ҲЩ򵥣³çҲǸϳԺϷսĺҲӢһȱ˵׷Ѱõڶ̴ʯ
֧ӵʼûӭĵӶһֶ֣һ֣Щԭáһ֧֣̫߿ˣ
̤ˮ֧ԽԽеĹҲʱһ޼ʵƽԭ࣬·һ̳Ѹ
ʲôˣྪʲôˣ
ǵ
ⲽأῴ
ǻ֧سӵδ潻棬Ƿ
һ֧ƿ¡¡˷һĲ
·źһ㣬Ȼк£ʱȻһ䣬ΧȦҲ£
̻ˣҪߣȻһӽЩʱ̱ᱻôټ̤µԽԽ࣬ʣµҲֻܼǰۡ
ԼΪ̰һʱȻĵתͷȥһ֪Լתԭ·ߣûлᡣ
Զһڽź佫ڿٵʱ乭佫Ӧݣܵ˵һ߲ǰһ乭׼ºüˡ
кȻһ뷨
ֻܵøЩٿЩ
ʱͷ첻òĿǰ
ȴЩʱյһȺں÷͵ؼײɳì飬ź⡣
۰ս졣
˳һ۴Ӷ
Ӫʿһ
ɱ
ϢʱñԬ̷סˡ
˵ʲô۾Ǹŵĳ򡪡ԼµļȻ࣬˵ʲô
󣬴ӣʱն٣²
ȥ
ǣ
Ԭ̷ɫעļݾţҲ벻ףΪʲôЩūˣЩʱˣЩЩǾûһֻģϧʧһ֧ҪơȴǴĲˣ
ʱķȥشʱ˵Ԭ̷ȴûЩʱ˲ͬġˡëѡ
ˡ⣬ܾñ˲ԼһλһȺÿһʱᱻǸ˰Լ⣬Լ뷨ԼĶСһһһ۹ٸļıִҲܻ߰㣬벻⡣
ڲ괦һЩĹͼġ
ӳˮɵʵΪ£
ʹǰһߵ˵Ϊˡ
Ϊ˺£
Ϊ˴Ԭһ
ͼһ˲㽫ûдڵˣ
ޱޱƿڴֲþڿ
ߣֱԼȥˡ
ͼȻҲǿԬ̷ģʲô취˭Ԭ̷ں̨Ԭ̷ƽҲ
սܵиɣҲʵ
ûСҰְֿһҺˣֿսɣ˵ȥЦ
Ԭ̷ΪɣαƣȻͱݣٳһΣԬ̷һеĲ

ͼӸո÷εһͷѹ
ѡһ棬ҵ׼һˡ
;Ϳ࣬顭
ʲô飡ͼұ飬Ҳÿýȥ
߾ˣҲЩСӳһҲ
㵱½ôͼʵ½Ԭ棬Ҳ˴ӡ
Ļûʳ
ôأ
һܽԬҪˣɴ̿ȥ׷ɱΣΣȫԤ֪ģ
ô׹ʲôأ
Щƿڴûбͼ֮ڿڣλʿֻ˶š
Ÿʲôȥ׼


210 
һ֧Ҫʱ,ȵ
ĳҪŻƺˮһ·ߺܾúܾã˺ܿԬ̷ƽԭ׼Ķ
ⲢҪϸǱƽԭĴ̽,ֻҪܸʮһʸƵİգ˵Ԭλӵǲϸ֦ĩڡ
ΪԬ̷ҲʼƵɳ򣬲֧ʱԪ֮,ɳԼļǰ
ʿǼȻƽԭƣٶɺľս̾Ҫսʱ״̬,Ҫʼڻ,ҪҪһ³ǽ
˾ֻǸƽԭԵ·,ҲױжϳԬ̷Ķ
ҹɫ,ӰѾӪկ,֮̽⣬ʿѵõϢʱ䡣
ʱ˵Ϯδ鷳෴ⳡսнɻսֵ΢ʵһԼģ
ЩѾôǱƶǵĿﾡûڲݾз۵Ĺ٣ȻЩĲʿĶ
ҪʲôζϣֻҪгһСһС,֦,ڻϿ,һСΡ
˱,ڡһ鿾һ,⼸յˡ
ҹֵκ˶һҲ룬˽ϯӴб棬һһ˳㱨飬һ߿ױΪƿ⡣
ҲȥҪҡǲ⣬ʲô
½ΪƣԬ̷ܾù˳侲˵˻ޣҲпܵġ
ҽǲ٣һƹһںۣβҹ¡
Ԭ̷Ҳ֪
̧ͷֻ۾Ϊʲôң
ʵø˳е¡
ֻ̾һҲ֪̫ʷ֮ϡ
֧ݱӽľӵʱԬ̷Ѿȫ侲ˡ
ΪʲôҪ
ΪҪһЩܹ֤ԼĶ
Ԭ֮䣬λ׵ÿǷ֮䣬ˣǸڵ꣬޲ڳޣ˵˸׵䰮㲻⣬Ԭ̷룬ԬֻÿôҲ׵ܣԸԳֵ롣
Ԭгÿ֮⣬ϻۺѧʦλʿھʷмأʿ˶ӡҲã
˴ϻۺѧ֮⣬Ԭлգܿʯǿ߳еԣı
Ԭܶ䱦һ۰𽥱仯ɶڼ̳˵ӡ
Ԭ̷еľսǣԬо޵ĸ׵ӣѧսȸţʿòЩŵѾ΢кһѡʿʱòҲǲɻȱһοһƫĵĸԼЩأ
ǽصԣԬ̷ǳӣȷɵģϳףԬʧôɲԽӣ̳أ
˵ԬԭĵճӲԬܣԬڶ׿ʱѵԬ
λȫҶ׿ɱҲûкˣҲ޷Ѫʳ
ΪԬĵܵܣԬֽȨƵˣԬѵӦԼѡһ˳̸Ԭ겻ǰ̾
Ծ˵˵Ԭܵģص߻Ůĸ߸ĳһǸɱ㽫ɢǵÿһ䡣
Ǹɵǲһλıʿĺ£Ԭ̷ǲö֪ģʣÿԣĶᷭӿķŭ
ԬһĵճӣǸ׵ļ̳ˣ
ĸԬܣԬ
ƫĵĸΪǸһĵܵɨ̳Ԭ·ϵϰȻ뵽ķ
Ԭ̷Լվһսϣͣر޲ǰ񱼡
֪ǰȴĵʲô֪ͣΪһͣ£ĵܾܵͻȻƮƮطǸ޹ҫδ
ΣԬ̷Ҫһսһʤһļֵ
ڼǰڸߵıʿǰڸסĸסԼĵܵǰ
ݾ䣬ԭ·磬ʧһ֧СĽ

ҸһиЩǡ
ҵ£
Ԭ̷ǷҶûصĿȻƽ
ʦ
ɫûȫʱԬ̷ʹ߶ɹˮӪǰԬ̷š
רŵдּ䵭ᣬҲʮֽ
Ԭ̷ȱʾǱ͢ݴʷƽԭأҪӦǰ֪ͨˣΪʲôһ֧أЩʱ
˼¹һۣ˽ʹȥþƺдʹߺ󣬲Żѯ
Ϊβ𸴣
Ԭ̷֧ǳ򣿷ܽٷˣҴ򶼴ˣôдһţ
Ļ¹ü
֧ʱǵԬ̷ųġ
̧ͷһľϲҲ˵ˣԬ̷ʵңֻǺҷֱ뿪
ⷽó¹ݵسĬһ
еͻȻһƻ
̨
Ԭ̷ͱƣΪΪ
ΪҪ˵ʱ˲ǵ
ϸ룬ǧͷݲλεԺӱ߹ƻİ
¹һһķ㽫˼·
Ԭ̷ңʱ̽Щ̰Լײ

أ۾תһȻˣȱңͱӳƽϣѡһʵս

ʲôսȽʺ֧ΪļݱΧĵΣкȻһüĿ
Ԭ̷ʩ֮ƣʵҵ֮
¹΢Цʲô£ҪһλԬ𣿡
λϸ£е佫ͷһ̹ʵҡҡͷС
ǺϣԬ̷ܷúùƽԭϣʲôãԬ̷ҲϷŹһ֧ƻسӡ
Ǿͺðˡ¹ɵ˵һţ潫أֻҪ׼ʱ׼ͣʱұǡ
ʹӪдصҲƣ˵ȻԬ̷ݴʷϾǴ󺺵ºǴݵĹƷӭ볯͢ģݲûκʧĵطΪݴʷԬ̷Ӧܹͨ쵽Ǿ˺ҳӵı֡
ǶӶһ㲻ΪȻԬ֮⣬˭ҲԸͷ񣬱ֳԼıӣԬҡ
һ泼ҲͰˣԬ̷ûҪڶ˵ȥüЩںҵʿ˷ŭ
˼ãд˵ڶţǱһһЩбʾȻǺҳǴҲ˵޼ҿɹ飬һ֧ǳ˵Ҫŵط˲罫ЩƷ£ɼ˽֧ӣȥ
Ԭ̷ƪддԼĵƶôʺϳе֮ܶǡҪôس£ԼԹԹȥҪôҲˣ
Ԭӣдûܵ飿
¹һۣ׼ͣˣ
ˮ֮ɽΪɽ
ɽ䲻ͣɽ࣬Щʱһܣѯɽǿ⸽Ƶġ
Ĵ⣬ʱȴʮϸġ
ʱһͷѷڴ˵أɽǡ
¹֮ӣˣǱ㲻ٵȥˡ
ΪطԬ̷빥󣿡
⣬¹شúܿ졣
ֻҪԻűǡ
ԻţԬ̷սˣ
ĺ£ı죿
һ룬ֿһԬ̷飬˼˺ܾãȴٳ벻ӦμԬ̷ս
λµġǷó
ûǸĻǼŭ˵ı£Ҫ̨ʧˡ
дһŲֵʲôĵأУƽ͵д˼ָԬ̷Ϊ𸴣



211 
ҪŭԬ̷ġ
˿һŲܲ,οԬ̷ڸסйصϻرĲԼڸףڼʿ壬е,ǲһԶһĴɷ,ǲܹΣ
˿λεġƿСһ衣
Ԭ̷žһһ,һ,֮ǰ￬ʱרעڹԵ,оɽʱδʲôˣ˶Դ˴֪֮٣һӽű,ǰ,һ߻Ҫɳ,̽顣
Щ¶Ҫʱ,սһҪʱģҪץסһ˲,ʹ¾ĵϷ
Ԭ̷,˼ˮԶԶȥ
ʢѾ˼,ĿԴ,ɽ࣬ŨŨǳǳ鲼ڼˮ֮,ļˡ
һһӪկһƬ֮,̺ͬˮðһСűҲۼˡ
ֵ磬Ԭ̷ֻվԶһ,Զͷ
,Щˮ,Сĵصˮˮ٣ȡ
ӹˮԬ̷⻰Ȼһ㶣ȣ
һʱ䲻֪ôشȵģҹҲˮ磬Ҳó档ռͲóˣںϣ·Ҳվں̲оˬֳȣܼˡ
𣿴ΪηʣָôǴˣӻ᲻ֲȻŭ
ֻ΢һ£Ԭ̷ûע⵽ǻֶ̿η飬ǽ
ȣˮ
ķˡ
Ԭ̷Ҳˡ
ǻȥͣһͣȥʡ
ǣ
֧̫أһ֧Ѻݲƻĳӣ˰ӪկʱկҪںὫӷդ³£ӪأЩݺͻҪӪկڡԶԶȥһһŵ⳵Ӫ⣬СɽһʷӪڣͽԬ̷
ȣࣿ
ҹ̣ѵЩʿҹﲻƣ
ӱҹȷʮʺһҹߣ罫ˮϢʱҲ«έеó档
˳ĺϸ֪Щʿϲ˯Щһ·ɼ˲ҩǰʿǲ϶˸õĲݻⶫһũ˸ԼͯõģӴƺЩЦ˳ںⶫܽʿǱó涣ҧļʣҲͽЩóߵļʡ
о֮ʱ߲ܵý涼뵽
˳һ룬һչһ顣
ͻȥĵգ̨ΪԬ̷жˡ
ΧǲԬ̷õѡ񣬵ǱϾǽдĻţ˿Ԭ̷ѳס
ʿŽ߹
ѹʱ˳ҲЩ˼롣
˼ܿصƮ˶ϷƮѾ뿪֧ݾԶϣԶ֮˵ϡ
һҹǲҹﵩģǿԾϼλѣϯ£ȼƣ˵һҹĻʲôҲ˵һͷ˯һҹ
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Ͽᣬɱ⣡
ʿͷľذӣĵܵӪߣȻؽľ˹
һһľ⳵һ𣬺ܿоŻܹļʿؽѶ˹
˳վҴʱıһ棡
һͬǰĻԽԽԽԽʢһƬȼգ

֮κΣ
ҪȥȻ𣡡
˳һȻӭбǣ
һ֧
Ԭ̷̲ˡ
ɺӪЩȼ˵Ҳ죬ǱϾľͷЩڹʱմˮҪһʱ佫ӪվȻҲס
Ԭ̷ҲûʲôվӪصʿֵ֣ʿҺҽУɢɱӪХ
ֻҪҴȥıΧɱӪеʿܳ󣬲ûлŵĴܣھٵĺ£һһ飬һӽһӵؿټסӪկ뼽ɱһ
һҲãһҲãҧأսǽɵķߣȻ
ȻӪկǸҺդǽӼ̣
Щʿܹһסߣһ滹Ҫͼ˾Ȼ
ҹԬ̷ԶȴŨ֮󣬲ʿ֮ǰͽʿ䣬ƴɱÿɱһˣЩݱ͸ŷһ
˿ԼһҹϮҲԼһ֪η壡
һ֧ѵصľԬ̷Ϊ֮ľֲãֲã
ֲܴƺɽֲ࣡ǰһ֧ܲ
оӣҹҪȫӣ
ӣƫֹ̳δһоӣҺ·ֵΣ
Ԭ̷Ƴһۣ㲻Ӫɱ𣡡
ӡ
Ǳضлв˲Ųòסկţɱ
Ԭ̷ԽԽԼöԣ˭Ὣն˭ıնսˣʿ
оˣ
ˮ죬һȼյӪկһ֧о
Ԭ̷˫һŵעǧ˵ľˮǰǰ˵Ϻ̲ˮʱҹɫеɽȴͳĺ¡
Ǻ¡Զɵͳ𽥱ñȽսĻҪ

ӣ
ӣ
ʲôǣǳס
Ӻ޼ڸ졣
һ޼ʵĳγҹʲôף
ǲǳףǾǺܶܶЩǴģģ
Ԭ̷ֶԸļıѡһԾиɻģҪҹ͵ϮӪկ֮УЩҲȻܾЩսӵĻս֮УҲ޷ǵá
ȷ뵽˵ģܲµ֧ӪկӪկϣƬɽܳģ
ӪսˣԬ̷оѹϵģʲôˣ
Ԭ̷ĺԽԽ٣۾ȻǳúˣҪΪһ֧ƺҹϮķ
ֻܴӺＷһ˻
Ԭ̷ʧصش󺰵𣡳
ۼոϺ̲ļݱҴææתδӺϰʿһ𣬼ҪʱѾһ嵽ǵǰ
ЩҪѣΪӪĻѾԽƬ̲Ǵ乭һּкٽУ׼Щǿ̤ͣ
絴ݣһŵʿʱڶŵƵļϱҪսά֧ͣûиĻᣡ׼ȷطЩѵ˶άͲҵС٣Ǽʸüⶼ׼ǣ
ɱһɱһ˺Ҳ޲Ļᣡ
ˣˣԬ̷ˡ
ⳡıѾõҹϮڱһܡ
ѪɽһһһɽһɣȻԵںˮСԽԽ࣬ǼˮҲԽԽǣԽԽʬҽʱڷˡ
ϵˣиոϰоҲбӪ˵ǰ
սӽתΪ֣ӽתΪ֮Ҳûսȫ־;Ķȿֺ
Ԭ̷ĺѹסţһһӻݾǰĽŲݵʿȴ׼Ź֧ںľӡ
ǵĽŲЩǱļݱ࣬Ƶȥɺӣһسʱлһûϰʿ
ӣ
ָӺסΧɱԬ̷һ㶣˫Ѫ۾תŵĳ򣬡£

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Ԭ̷ͻȻŭ
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Ԭ̷ʵ丸⻹ԶԶ
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˳Ӫڰߣֶ֣пƣҡ佫һ£Щʸͬ׷Űһʿĺ
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Ԭ̷ţתͷո߳һƬ֮У˸ĺ
Һ
Һ
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ͻȻסһ˫۾ɵ÷·Ҫۿѿһ㣡
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һµĲݴʱԬ̷ͷҲصش棬򱱣ҹɫ֮ˡ
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ΪҪˣҲ
˲£ЩûбʸʿҲԽڣϰߣ¼ᡣ
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ţӦһѷˣ
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ų¹߽£˼עŽˮļˮ
ˮǳȻˮԵúܹ죬ĳһʬѻ̫࣬˽ӵסˡ
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ֻǺȻ½
˵½ϲıݣݴʷڵıݡ
Ȼ֮˶½ǱݣԬ̷ƺԵˡ
ֻϵһۣһͣһСС佫۳ԶҲ°ˡ
Ϊ˴С½Ǳ㡣
ⲻ˵ΪεõһֱҪȴҲ޷õĶ
ԼĹ
˳Ҳں֮³˼ˮ֮ϵĴӪС
ǵȴ̫Ũɢȥʱǿһ߽һߵطֱʬ塣
ԼһģҪúðᣬҪᣬҪ취սʿļһ㸧
¶˵òܸС£ʱȴȻִҪȥſһЩȥʿԼδȥҲ˵ʿС½ܿ£ʤ׷оʤս
룬ܳΪ½ûʲôϵ
Ҳ˵Щϵ
뿪ͽرôãִôʤ֮󣬺ȻҪԸѧһѧ


212 
һ֧,ķֱߵò졣
ǵŻѣݷǶɺӣػ,׼ǡ
¹뵽ļƲߺǽƻ,ǽɻʱ˵ģֱ֧αװЩʱ,ҹɫص,ƭǡ
ǵԬ̷ڲԶǰ,ؽδ뵽֧ͷɥʲôΡ
佫ⷬȴûʲô¡
ȹ·ȼ֬·ԵҰвݳ,⡣
κ,һ߿ǰ潥Ժڰչַĵ·,һĵԼ¡
ǲԸ,ҲԸزݡ
ԭǲٵģҲԼĲ˽,Щڲ긴һϮķ,ĥ,ĸĸҲߵú,˽Ϊ׽׾֮Уֻʣ˰梡
κԭҲ밢׺,梲¸ŵĲŮ,ҲʲôŹ˳͸Щ߶ǿƣ֮⣬ݲ¸еڶ,Ϊͬü,ǿκҵ,κЩ˼ܸѰһӣһ¡
Ȼȫȫչ˷һи
Ϊλ³أ
ѵΪ谮ҵԵ𣿲梣ƽʱȷ谮һЩסʲôʲôϲʲôɫĳУϲʲôʵصΣҲϲȥϵķڡ
Ҳģ˻ĳ
ǰǵκ֪Щ£뽫֮˻Ȱ˵ʹƽŮֲҲᱻڸСضѰλѹʾɣ˽˹ȥƲ
ټĳǣܲܽɱôʲôѴ
κ㵱ˣȫȫ֮ÿһεʱĵͬľϡ
շתأܷ˪޷ԣǴϰ梣һξܵסڳĺãǰܲȥһžۡ
ռʱ˽ͻˡ
Ǹһһ˹ڵϣ˵븮УνլۡΧκʱס
ôãİԵˡ
ҲȲѣȰ㿴㣬ǽ㿴׵ģ㻹ʲôأ
ʲô
ȻҲ˵ùȥ
޸Ϊ˽֮ãȻκڽЧִ׺ôûǸʵҲôҪˣʲô뽫ƽأ
ҲʲôҪƽϣϴκϲϢ֮󣬽ɴ׺񣬲޽١
ÿκɵģ̹ģ²ɶԵʱĵܷӿһֵԹߡ
ǲѪΪ˵İʾ׺ţƣǽ𲯱
İ梣
ʹûʶʹԺöʣʹ佥ѾûʲôɫҲİ梣
ȫεķһһͷһ㣬¾׸
ǰ̽оû
Ǹ˷֮κΣ
ǿҪӲ
κȻӻоѣһͬеĺȡ
΢ΪΣ
ϵĲݴһֱػشˡ
ҵȹǣΪ˾Ԭ̷ˡʹ¸ƣкã
ȻãԶϾԬ̷Ĺ·ȫ֧пܻԬ̷Ϊʣƽ뿪ݡ
Ҫ̫ʷȴ½һЧԼҲҪС
䲻֪̫ʷûʲô檣κ֪С½ȻȥǲµŮ졣
κһ۷·дšҲԼĲ˽ҲԹ޽ҵİ͵鰡ֻһһΪ롱ĺȣЦһ
˸˳ûеڶ˻ġ
ܵӣ˳Ҳߡ
Ҳд⣬κ˵Ǿͻȥɡ
⽥죬˳ʪȳ
սûдɨ꣬ټͣȥˡ˳ﾭһս󣬺ܿΪӬأһ߲ܵš
κͺҲ˱ʾԬ̷ط̫죬Ǻƭɣּؾûǿ
Ҳûʲô֮УһźȻˣȥܴǹȻС
κƵľ죬ʲôҲû˵

˲Ѫɫ԰࣬˳оȻվöֱֱ飬´ˡ
ЩȻͣһ£Щ˱ҲͽǰΪϡ
˽ͻر˳ȵ˵
Ǿͺã˵Ǽǰɡ
һĳ¹ȻüЩȷؿڡ
ΪԬ̷׷𣿡
شرɡ
ٲǸ˵ǽҸ
ȣԬ̷ĺ
Դ˸ƣ̽˸УҲû
˵Ĳˡ
ʿ֮ĴԣÿαҪǸʿһ١
Щ˾Ͳٴ۴ˣǻʹɫĵҧ䣬ഫ
ǲ֪ڸѾһĲ֪ۺ󣬴ӶһĲ
ЩӺˮϰʿǱͼ˻ټϲĺǧݾһǧˣٶЩˣܹ黹ǻˡⲢʲôԵİ̡
ֻǴˣµʿߣҲһϴѵĳ¡
ԼУһŲսҪôдǽ˹ͼ
֮ǰӶеװһˡ
Ӳˣͼǲ⣬Ҫúչһ˿һиǡ
ǡ
Уͼ׷ʵ֮£ɴˣ
նеȷûųġ
γ̫أųι̫أ˳սϱְˮԽսҹ˭Ҳ֧ݾ
ͼд󶨣ã
ͼԬ̷սϢϵʱǵĳѾˡ
޽ˮԵĳǳرԬܾɹκʱֱ̼ģʮ֡
ɫͼԬܸʱԬıʿΧ֮ʱλĸߴȷǷȥسһС
λˣ
糾͵Ĺͼ¶һڵϲɫҪϲ
ıʿǵĿһ˲㶤ϡ
ϲ֮У
ǰ»֮ǰڼˮս
Ԭһ˲
ĲӾսƣ֣һǰ͵Ϯ
ڹͼУıֹǧԼһ֧ӪҪųȽˣƺƴգֱɲ
ǲģӱ㣬սŰܡ
ҲҶԬŭ̫
ΪݣսһˣܺһͼᣬսŰܣȴŰսڽϻؼˮϣųֵˣӻݣǧˣֻȥǱϳݣ
½壬˾ٷǶΪݣΪ˴Т֮ӣ̾д˸˹дӰ
ıʿ࿴һۣĿϡ
Ԭܵž˼£ص˵ͷοԬ϶ɣ಻С
˺ܾüЩ̲סҪϯʱȻע⵽ڳҡͷ
ͺʹ˸ɫȻҲʼԬ̷
һƬͣΧԹͼװܴô룬˶ſּˡ
ҹЩˡ
Ԭºܸߣ˼ƣֿǵıݺ󣬲ϯȥЪϢ
Ȼˣ鹢ֱҲ̲ȥˣкһŭҴҵ߳ȥ
ԺдУˮ⵴ȻûڵĻԻͣȴʵöࡣ
᳤һ̨ף׼ľʱ˽ס
Ԫ֡
֮ǰȡ
׷ϵԹ߱ˡ
Ϊң
ıʿЦһЦ費װ
ʲôˮ׼˲֪ѵЩݵıʿҲ𣿴￬ȷʵڻ£¹£һҪȡݣԬ̷
ԬԼӣʲô취
ˣҲɹͼ
ڵǳ㲥ڣǻӹ֮ˣ˵ǵ࣬ù
ֻϢ˵࣬£ǻԼأǹıʿأ
ⲻ޶ųϣԬ̷ҲǸ޶ųˡ
⸸Ը϶Щ⣬ֻԬ̷Ϊ̸ԬԻ󣬽ԼԸе¶øԡ
˵ˣѵܹ飬ӲκκԻ
뵽кȻһӰ
λıʿδԼһ˼Ӱ죬ֽĿⶢݶһʮ־ǿϡ
Ŀºͣʮ˵Ҳڽ˵ˡ
ʿֳֻ̾һ
˭뵽أ
һսʤ߲Ԭ̷Ȼǹͼ
д˸̾˹дӰ
̿ʣʤ


213 
ԪĶ伫ˡ
˼뵽,ǻ뵽ĻչˮѾտһεĲ衣
Ȳ͵ֱʱ,ֱԼӺʵůëƤʱ,صģ߻յ̿,ľ̿ϢﻹԵһ¯,Щ޹½,ɢĺ
˼,Ҫȹʮֲˡ
,ղˣ˶,,ȴֲѩ,طĶҲˡ
Ȼؿʼǡ
ųһ,ƽۣ˶,Ʋ֮ʱĹҲ벻ʲôð취ˡ
ˣҲҵˡ
˽ഫҲͬĵĶ
úܺʵ,ƥ,ϱһͬ,׼ȥѰĲѰҲͰ,ƥ֯಻ϵĻҶ,ʺһüǮ
⼸ӰȻ½һ·շת˾ǣµǮԽԽˡ˸Сũׯҿʼ࿴ķֽСȥ顣
лЩƣѾ꣬ɰֽʿۼЩʫȻ벻ģҲӡ
мʷĵģҲصġͬＸţΪǼҵĺһһλɬСʶ֣۸񲻻ܹʯʳһƥʮ⣬ǼÑܹҪ飬ŮʶҲǺõġ˵׵ĽӪȥʱ˹һСܣʵʵĵЩͣ˭˲Ľأ
ʲôȴֻе
ϱԼȻûʲôȥϢҲߴߴ
ֵͶңǲ֪ǵɵţӲǱӣ۾۾ģʹǱˣò״𣬻˵ʲôҼ޹ȥҪծһӶҪܿġ
˵ϱƬֱֺ죬һ֪ǰù֬촽øˡ
ϱԭǲظģԸɷȥ۰ǣܶɷ涯ʲôӻ˼ֻ֮󣬻ǾøͬĸЩ
Ͼ½δ飬ֻ⼸ﵱԼ׾죬ƽʱǲӪУصӾãܵһڽ߲ס佫ǸŮӣϱʱʱܹҲʲô£Ǿ͸޲ó
ǿһˣ˵ҼҶǸ½׽֮ˣֵȥ۰Ϊ½ʹ˭һɾѽѽѽ
⻰˵òֵҫͬһˣϱԼ˵ڳʱͬе˼ֻͬļ㬵˳ڻﻰ⣬ܴԼҲԼҳӵ˼
ϱС˼С½ǰҲᶮġͬڶȴֻЦһЦ
ֵˣ
ϱע̱㱻תˣܹ黹Ҫҫζ˼߿ζ
ǲʹԸʹߣƽԭǣòеСԬֱֹۡһҰ֮СԬԼصũ֮⣬ЩͣԼƽԭг˹С֮ģôҪİգһɱۣѻҰڻõʳ˵ԼиţĳɣҪСԬţҪȥ˳ɡ
տʼ½ӣһֱץ˻ȥҲһֳɹѡϱֵܡ
ǷѾ˼ںδʱ͵͵˴ǣͶǱƲá
λֳסŵģλɩɩԼֶֶŮǵҲģǸм㣬ڳޣһһҪһȥ½Ӫл£ٲã÷۰ǶȻҲѰһ½ҵ
氡
ͬעСϱɷˡ
Ž͸½ʱ½Ǹƽ꣬һ׵ĺգȺ̾ͻʧ˭ҲҲ
ʱǻҰϵһҰݣ⡣
ڵѾ𽥳һˣ֦Axi Ҷ䱼ܣʱ˵ֻһ·ܹһ꣬ϸ֦Ҷ棬ûժԣ
ǳʱǺģܹţźѰƥȥƥؼʱ̫δ죬ڵ·ϣ˳Ӱӣ϶ȾһʵĹ⣬ò
·иɨصȻע
˲ʮ꣬ڣһ忴Ŵִţûʲôϡ棬һȱһֻҽţҲ˼ָںмѵɨһ·ۻࡣ
ǽ˶ˣ·ϵĻҲˣ˵ģҲġ۶ģÿնҪؽɨҪɨһ飬ֹʱӬȾˮߡ
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䲻㣬ڲѣĿۻƣ˻治Ǻܶࡣ
˿ϵĶ֪ȷǴɵġ
»׵ֵһС٣ÿս֮սƷһǮͽǶǿһġ
ʲôûˡ
ͬĿһԵ߹ȥˡ
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½ھǵլۡݻǸϲý鱦ˣٺ»ԭҲࡣʹȻʹͣÿսսƷͣЩǮԥˡ
˵ȥ۰ˣȴ֮⣬ҪΪ½һոµģǰδеǿΪĿģ½ѴѵǮʹҲǮ˵ǮסҲ֪ʲô
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ݣͬһʲô
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ʲô
ϰɱУݽͦͦأҽҲҪӾҲҪĸĸ
ͬľӸ£ǰһӥץֻһ㽫̨ףϾͿʼƨɣ
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أʵڲ֪ݿ޵ļˣĸΪִң
㽫б£Ͷ飬ܵТй⣡ͬŭû£ѧһգƾԷֵطǺõģֵ
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Ϊֵؾ𣿡
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ĸֻͷ
̫ˣĵ˵Ҫ֪̫˲Ըƽƽȥ
ԲԲСкףǵ̼ҲףѾȴǰݴսİҲס
ܹס
ܻůʹҲ䣬ٴ۱֮Щ۵ĻҪضˡ
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ٴ︺ֵȴҪÿ쳿ʱͷβԼ·ĶװСƳϣͳȥ
һһҪͳǣҪڿˣʹȥҲЩյ㣬Ϊиһʱȴû˽ڳȻ̰˺и֮һɢ
Ұķݶ
ҪʱУîʱ֮
Ϊٴߴֺ׳ѷϹĽϣ˻Ӹµĳǳأ
ĵĳǳأߵҲɾʿˡ
ǭײͷж·ԡ
񳿵ԬҲȥһͳεƬأһûҵ㡣
վһλƹɫˣںڵ۾·ˮһ㣬ϸüëһ˿
ճ˵ǲģһѩ׵Ƥë멣ûһëһƳɵգ˿ߵĻӭų˸˸ԣȳϼҪޡ
Ԭڿٴһ徻֮󣬱תںڵͷ
һͷںŨܵ˿˳⻬κ˼ҲãʵڲҪʲôװΣǰ׺ʯĽͷʱֶһǵò
˵ԬЦԭǴ󺵡
룬ĵšŮ˵ȴΪ¶ϲɫأ
Ƶԣ˱ضǺ֮⡣ԬָƺڸǰѱᣬƺиŴϽգԬϵ֮գˡ
Цݺⲻͬ仰ҲΣգ˷ŮòϰԵİЩŵһ䡣
ΪֵΣ
Ԭһ˿ҲûУϵšᶨԼӳڳ֮УҲӳ˷ŮС
֮ˣҺΣЦԻߵͿҲֹ·Ӧߣ
ƺǲġ
ԬƵ۵Ϣ֮ˡ
Խʼϯԭһսʼˡ


214 
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ҹѲСÿÿ·©ʱǵ÷һ̿裬©
Ǹ,ܻɸЩ½õĺӡ
ӸջٷϴˣֻȱšܲƣҪ빬һڷ,Ск̫ˡ
Щҹĺд˸СŽʱ̱͢,ɹ͢ǡ
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Ȼյ˴뷿ݣܻʣЩŴ󻧵ͥԺ,԰ùˡֻȵĶҹ,ˣҲɭ
俼ǵ߻,þЩ
Ϊ˱ʾԳ͢ΣӵĹܲʱڳ⣬Լֻʮǡ
Ȼ,Щʿ类ƺΪ֮ĵΤܲҹҹʱ
ܲΪУξʱľʮˣЩӵȻеů
и߹,̶̵Ľ,ʱ
ߵʿ͵͵ؿ,ЦһЦ
ҲʲôЦȵȾƾͺˡ
ᣬ֪ƼӱλҡҡͷԸһɡ
뿪ȥȡȲļЪܲȥסǯ˲̿裬沦һֻɽҩ
̿ɽҩƤҲԱòܰȥƤԵ
ĵּгһֻҲ̿ţһ̡
ġ
һ˫صĻڲܲûٷӦȻʮƽ
òΪˡ
ֻ̿͢裬̿ɽҩһ𣬿һƬĸң˸˸ȡɽҩΪס
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д
˴ʣڿãһҪ̬һЩʿΪʲô׳ڣҪǧϻ
ƽϣԭҪӷӭ÷ֲ
ʱѡüãжӦԭ·ݾͿԽӴߡɺ
ԭΪȱĺڿ֧ţߡ⼸·๥Ҫѡһȫȥˡ
һȫˡ
⼸·Ѹٽͬˣɣ໥ӣȴڲݾ䣬˭Ҳ
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ǲ֮ˣڿ౥սЩǮʱҪðȥȴǲס
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ܲٶԻϵϢе棬ֻһ߿ε裬һߵͷΣ
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Ԭ·һңҲʲô
˵ϸµҺգٴͷ˾ǣһ˵ˡ
ܲٶŲ־Ͷ˶סЦ
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ͣһͣ˵Ԭ˽̳
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ܺãϲ˵ȫҪ
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˿ǵҪ½׵ĽӪװܹڳսлһϯ֮ء
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˿ֿ˿ԥ
ݸմһ̣ױѧ½Ҳæµ֮£ԥˣѵҪ̿ʼ޳Ƿ𣿡
ԬƵۣ¹֮¹֮ܲ˵ɱӣگ
Էگϣε˼ʮԺ˳
ҾԺӵܣǴڣԬܣþλҡ
Լǰλ׵½֪һλ΢֯ϯ֮ͽҡԣرջ˶ڿ᲻ܲ
ԬԭʹƬǹϵԷھˡ
ܳҲۣһҪַԬģ˭ݣҪս֮ػȥ͵òͣسٳ
֮£˱ǣܲټƽѶѩڣұUˮַ塣
ʱַԬϾ˼ǣһȡǣΪҲֻǻ˼桭
һƬģܲһɽҩһʮֿ϶˵ҹ趲С
Ȼʶε⡣
ԬҲһȺߥӭӡ
ԼʱӭҲͰˣԬܻתܹקӡ
ȥս£Ԭ˼Ȼܲ̾һҵ½Ǹɱǭף˭֪Ӣۣ
֪Ӣۣ׵ķʽʾһѺãʱǴģܲҲ׼ȫԥ֮ǰȫ濪ս
ڿ׼ԬսʱԬ֣֮ݴһССĶ
ƺҲŻһλòֹǸŮʱ˵棬ҲЩ壬һҲǽıļƻ
λڵƻԵŵʿԹɽҩһȵĲ̾һ
ɽһӢۡ


215 
ѵЬ,ֻĽŲ̨ʱֺׯصĹһ˲ɫ
ʲôҲұ¶ֻܸСŵָʾһһ,ڶȥ
Դζ谵Ĺﴫ˳,մȾϣͷ,ܿů빬̿¶һ𴫴,Ϊɢһ˿⡣
ѷǣ͢ҲѾǸĹ͢Ϳɰľһ翪,ľҲΪɶᡣЩСŴŰɵЩζδͳһڴŹĶ
ڣܸܵһ󺺵ȡ
ĵĸױ,ΪŮױʺա֮䣬ôѵĻ뻨˷ĳ﹬
˶,΢Цſ
ʮҪ꣬˫ʮ껪,,һ˫۾ű˵ʱǫѷ˲Լݡ
һ׽֯Ľۣ˴,ʾһԵĹŮ,ϯ,¡
ºһпɺã
Ƿ,ػ˻
ܵʺĹһнԺá
˥ǣ˻ģ̾һΨºǧʧҽڡ
ʳ»ΪҾǷ֮£ҵ˿ޡ
һ˫۾ϿһЦһЦ
˶ô룬ͺˡ
ŮȲ裬﹬һƬݵļž
ʲôϲôǰǼֵģֻҪСĵںլ̷żҲκ裬Ҳһڣһ¡
еİΣա
˵ºڳϣЩ֮¡
һοˣȫ³˵ʲôҲöЩǡ
޶̳ۡϻ̳Ͽֵظڸսһ룬վ
λŮʱ۴вվʱ֫Ĵ׳ԵĿȥ׺̬ϸеľ
ʺأżˣ֪òôϻʺֻ׵֣СΪϣ
ס֡
صĲңҸеĻӡ˵⹬еĻӣһ󡣡
ϴĺĻңǡʺԼǣ
˵ҲиŮЦʲô𣿡
ͻȻסˡ
ǸССŮˣһ޵ĻȻȫˡ
ҪŻġ
ȴÿضҪȥӪһˣ˵ɲ׿һ㣬ԼıҲԼա
ؼʱʵһ
λеĽж˳һƥһƥ飬̱㼲еǰ

һ顣
Ѿܾûôеغˡ
ϱͻ֮żΣСĵ˲ǣᣬҲ
Ȼ񣬹˳κͬסʱЩСƢûˡľͬһ㲻ͣͬʱ˿ûҵļơ
ܾʲôطǰһˡ
Щµı֮£ƺһʻģϲŭСˡ·Ѿڳһ죬һ̩ɽŻĹ꣬ˣԹߣ֮µɭɭ⡣
ȥѰ͵飬ҲԸ࿴һ۲ʮ꣬ɫкõϡ
ϣһӦϲǾš
㾿к£
Ŷ쵰ϸֳһ㵭ϲãʺ빬𻰡
֪ʣȻأ
ʺʾңŮԸȻǲᷴԵġ
˭ᷴأ
ȻǶ֮С
˿ϣֿ˿ЩУȻ̾һ
빬ҪЩױǲġ
Ҫʲô
Ҫȫݾܣ𶭳кߣؼĲ
ҪС

òܲòܲ١һ˿ΪΪˡ
Ѿܲٵƿˣô³һسأ
ܲٵĿ֮£Щȥڳ͢ٹ⣬λãõȵȻ룬ֱڲڱơ
ܲٵľڳǶľˮ࣬ã˷ʺҪ𶭳С
˶֪Ҳôֻи˳ȷر¶ĵǡ
ݴʳܶ࣬гһ졣
ܲٵľݹʳԵһ죬ָôأ
ô˵̴ĿˣսװףĻʳ
ȥ󺵣ʳû٣һûôѩǶСֱһ
ˣҪҪļʿ
ҿʱʿǷЩأڴ˸֣ԥ˵˳㰲ҡ
ңʣһ˰𣿡
ԥͿЦһЦô
ǾͲ¡
Ȱ˲ʿ˻ȥһǷַغʳԥ⣬вмʿַʳ˰˵ȢʱȫҶۺӸЩͶʿѵʡ
ڸЩŴ᲻ᵼ°սԸĹŮ޵ּͥһԼĵǡ
ĵǣԥʾˡ
ȱҲֻϵܲͶˣʹЩȱȻÿԣ˭᲻Ը޹أ
ŮɱضǲԸİ˵˭ԸѰһòɾ
дԥͣ˱ʣ̧ͷɫе졣
Ҳô룿
˵ЩŮɣе֣ʲô
ԥһ
֮£Ͳϲϲ
ǿʲô
ĸϲϲʵзԣ̹
һԥԥֿʼͷд
˵еִ⡣
Ŵ÷ŵԵ˶֮⣬ƺ󲿷˽ǲ̸ϣ಻ͬڰĻ𻨾͸ݳޡ
ҲرݳޣǴŮܹԸѡһɷ򣬶ǻǰû󲻹ܶԷʲôҲֻҧ̹һ
̹һҲһݳ¡
Ϊôûܡ̹һ
ǣ£ˣսʧ˷ĹѸЩϼҴڣԥĬȻ̧ͷЦЦݼսϱͷ񣬵סҵģڶҲѳɼˡ
Ҳһֿʼʱûʲô飬ȡϣСѸҪ˰ɻӣܻźˣϱ׼һ˼ңһ¼ҵů
ɵ°ͣ˼߼ͨͨ˳ʱۺȻ˹
Žˡ
ԥȻ̧ͷŽ
ɶһЩȵ˵Զ뺰ȥһ㲻Ҳ˵б˵Ҳܺãʱã
λ˼һƺôӻȻȵص˵ͷ
һͬȥ񲻷㣿
ʲôѵŲҵﻹЩǮ㿴ˣ±ǡ
ůſʱǴһ󺮷硣
ɹں˽ûǳЦһЦ
ա˵˭ɾ˭¡׼˵˵ӶϵӦ£Ҳͬ£ʾݰѵһҲͽŹˡ
λὫȻǲݳȿ꣬һദˣͬѣ̫ͬʷȺԥĹϵҲ
ҲԵĸоż֡Щֶ
ڣԥе֣ǺºͺѺãǵǺܿȥ
ƺûв
Ĵ
ʱܾʲôطԾƵġ
ûʼܣҲûиһʲôӣ°͡
佫Լǹεúϸ°͡
Ȼеڴؿ
û˵϶ҵ⣬һǾúΡʣô£


216 
е,ֹƺ˵ʲôֲ֪Ӻοڡ
ӷǳĬʮ⣬һ˵,һ͸ľ
оʲô𣿡ʡ
оʲô
гĬһ,ƺЩֻ,ʲôҲû,һж
е㲻Ծ
Ҿ뿴ɵʲôʱ,˵ͦʲôʱ򡣡

˵ɶ𣿡̲סˣϲһʡ
ɷɿؿһۡ
Ȼϻһ¡
ƺΪһµԵʣˡ
οң
۾ǰ,ûпƽƽҲûʲô,ִ֮һ,Ȼˡ
Զͬ΢ʱĺ,˵ض£Щ˰ɣʵ,Ǹ
ֿһ,βǡɿء,תͷ,ؿ죬½ͷתȥ
˵ò𣿡
紺ĺ紵ӣŮֽϷܹ
ЩϸͷɵֳӶͷٵ˺촽°͡
ȷʵеᣬ·еί
ǵ΢ʱĺѣҾͷˣȻ˵ԭҲԼЩĴӺЩԥǧͷӻ
˵ʱǡ·ǸҲŴϵһ¡Ѱʱϰǰǣȴϰֱֱͦģʵʵôһ¡
еίڶ
Ȼǲͬġε˵
ֵһ˲
Ҳܲ˵˵ӹҲæӡ
ɵһ˲
ǰ㣬ԭΪҪѡġһ˿졣
֪ġ
룿
ɵƳһۡ
Զ𣿡
Ϊʣ
㿴֣һֻһָָֻȫǺ
һԶԶشһƬֳסٶȣҲŷٶȡ
ҿҲߵһ㡣
һʱЩΡ
ֹһԼӻһϸҲ˲֡
Ϊβش𣿡
ҪҽףȻ֪˵ҲԸˡ
ɵֽһ¡
ΪΣ
һ£սı𣿡
佫üë֪ʱ
ʲôСսı䡯
ĿŵúԶڿԶڿԶĵط
ûս֮ǰʲôģ
Ǹ꽫Ļüëչ
Ҳûս̫ƽ꾰΢ЦҶʱűս𣬴ӲͣЪ
ǡսı䡱ˣսгɳˡ
δʱʱͲ벢ݣӲݣʦҪų̴ʯȴδβսʤǸǿС
ƽ̴꣬ʯƺݾء
ƽ꣬ɱݣݴʷܲѳ
ʱϵ̡
ϰʱ˽ӹĴׯ
ЩƶǵˣЩ¹ڲȥŮˣԼڵȥܾú󣬻ܴӾǽ£Ұ俴ʬǡ
ĳﱻʹ򣬱üӲ
սҲ޷ı
㿴ЩǺˡ˵

ôأ
ˣ
ųӣܳܳĶ飬ûоͷЯҴڣһ·ȥİ𣿡
һ£Ҽ
ڳǰŶӣȴն׵İ𣿡
Ҽ
¶ѵ࣬÷ʬ𣿡
ɺȻʶ½㲻ҪĻش
Щʬĺʲô𣿡ڼʡ
㱣˵˵Լ
ˮ£ȥһ˫˫۾Ŀ㣬𣿡
Щ
ЩͬݾҾסһģھӣǰһڷ΢΢ڶ
𣿡ʣڰ죬ҹ
Ҽһյ㡣ش𡪡ȷǸ塢½㡣
ȫǷģ
ʹ֮սʱǧ˳ϵֿԬ̷ļݾʱǿ򶨵ġ
һѾսɱ䣬սдĽģ˭ỳĻп־ʹࣿ
ϣͷһͷҲδװȴļ볤Լ䳤֮⣬ʿɡݶƽ̸ЦʱȻˡ
ԣҲᱻսı
ΪΪζ˾֣֮ˣˣԸ߽ϸȻĸ࣬ǡĿƿˣȻҲȥ
ר־˵½㲻ɵýȥ˵Щʲô
ǡ˵ǡ
ǡʲôе㷢ˣȥ
ɵʼ֧֧ᡣ
ǲټһУҪŮһ㡭Ѱһ
ˡ
ɡ
ʶѵıǱһƵġ
ΪΣ
ΪΣ
ΪЩҲܸϻиߡ
ұսı䣬룬ԼؽҲҪıս
ǰѾܹ۶ȥ
һǴɶģ˵ô˵˱ͺ˲á
Ѿϰ죬ЩδĿ￴еκġ
ڿϣһĿԽһ⣬λҲҵ佫ͨĴһЩڣһǵ飬ЩֻܵЩԿǵļƥԵսŶһɣݵСǿˣŵɣ
Ҫô˵еûڵ˵ƥá
ɷɿؿһۡ
ǸС
ΪβУ˵켸ƥСΪʲôУ
죬׼شʱ˳
´µڸУмѰ
ǵҲݴ壬һ£ĸ´¡
ڸеȺǳȺļίԱһ࣬ͷСڣīϸֱգܲתתȥ
ίԱˡ
ճٳ٣ľ£ǲȥ𣿡
ɺ࿴
ä͵ϸһ£Ⱥ˵ʲô
ȻˣӦ˵ͬԶȥˡ
ίԱŸСʣƾɶҪػأ
ţҲ㲻м𣿡
Ⱥѩ׵Сһ˲ˡ
۾Ҳɴˡ
Ҫæһ̣ȻӪˡ
ãЩ
̨µ꽫е㿪ĵӣȥѰñǡ
ţԶͺʡģ嵱ȻʡģԥԴһû֮󣬸ǴûвʡĹ
ؽתһɫȸոոһĳȺ
İ㾿Ѱң
³ĵƺ˼£ƽϢ
Ÿ㣬ȡһųݸҪͬ
£
ɵزţȻһ˲ͱˡ
컹ûȫƺӻѴıӵƺİն֡
ЩԻƺϰǨİջûȫµսҪʼˡ
ԬԺţԳơټҡùٹ٣ءӽگҪ


217 
֦ͷһð躮,ΡΡչһ仨ʱ͢گҲһλ͵
λܵ൱߹ĽӴָ߹ӴΪˣΪ˱ĳ͢硣
͢گʹԬʱ,Ϊ,ָԺȡҪּ档
һگ,ʱվڵƸߵϴԬ,Ǯһһ䡣
Ҳ˵,͢گֻܸ˰֮һ֧֡Ⲣ⣬Ͼڲǰһݵʣ,׷ţһҪΧͶιĳ͢ôǮ֧Ԯأ
λҲ׿տڰһʥּҪȥԬΪ̫ã˻˵ڶگ顪گ鲻ʵ֮,ұʣΪ󽫾,˳ͤ
,Ӵ˿̿ʼҲԼԼһͷǴĸСسܳɽˡ֯ϯĵĳʱᱻᵽô˵,گ,ˣ
ʿϲλҲ̰һл磡ˮּˣ˵֮,͢Ҳʲôͷ,أ˵Ѿûңڲɿˡ
ƻ˸˸Ů˹ϸĵؼƻֶƿ˲ɽ¯ĸӣ˼ϣֽӸϡ
Ǿ͵Ƶζ¯ȽȽڸסˡ
ϯѽɢʹѾ֧ȥ˯ˣʣµļ˶ʮģļ䣬ˡϢ߹µ
ϲˣͬڵֵܣ̸ܸۣýʣı书϶ûʲô֮⽫ߣʱ̸˵أԽƣҪʱֿȥʹߣ˽ʡ
ߣʮ֣˶Ѱң
ϲЦ˵ͷѻȻղͬ
ˡ֮⣬ȻҲҪдһʹְģԭƽԭٺƽԭ֮࣬󣬱ݴʷ
͸Ϊֱ׳Ҳˣ󽫾ȷֵ⹧ϲһ¡
˾յҲ˾յʮ͵ظźһڣ֮󣬲ࡣ
ԬռϡΪצʲô֮£ΪףȴԱһ̣ԥ֮ˡ
СĵؿɫۣԬ֪ʿʹࡣȫݣа֣Ԭѡ
֪ʿѵҲ֪ôһɧ
ȥݴ󺵣Ҳδꡣ½һʿؼֵأĿȻû¶ģҲȷݾ׳
ϸһԼҵص㡪ôԬܺķʳûģֻҪԸ⣬ȷкܴջԬ
ҵص֮Ļһ
͢ȲΪԮֻЩͷˣЦβҪ
һʱûףҪ
󽫾֮ΣΪ׽֮ˡ
ȻҪֵģҲּͬ͢ۻۡ
ȻָʶҲҪ͢׷ľλְ۾һʱлһϲ
͵ңЩͣ˵սԣҲá
һ֣ȡݵĿ־й־
λʿĺȻһϡ
ݺû뿪ڳеլۡʵû뿪ȥطܿࡣ
ͬûʲôϵͬҲûʲôϵҲ֪δ֮⡣
½Ϊ˰ݣΪԬνס˻ĴƬ
һҳ͢Ҫͷ뵽ˣ̫Ȼ
ǸܵصĶ⣬½͹ò򼸺ңϱȼܺͻҪƵȴᵽİʾԼһ㱰΢
һԲˣԸ֮ΪУҲҪⳡսзһ
ҵһԸæˣȸ˾յеľƣţ˵ֵͬܶ壬˽Ƿģô½أ
½س˵꣬ϲɺأһһ¸ɺԵء
ĳЩסеĹԱʿ˵ǲںũʲô˵Ǹ죬ճУǾն졣
ʹһҲνΪܺܿҵһڷ֮ʿʶԼûôͷ̾ƣʮַĵصȴŽǡ
ſڵĶֻܿŴƺ೵Χţȴ˹ȥ
ʿüǰʲôִ
һŲִڳŴ˵
𰸺Ȼʿ⣬ü󵨣Ȼҵ·
ҪСȥϸ̽һ
ػʱһ˸ʿʵüëϣŭԽԽ
ǰ˵·ȱӦǰ·
һ
һʲôԽԽλݴҲԽԽŭ˭ֱ棡ã꣡
ǰǲã͸ĳɱ
ƽȻЩᣬݼϣ뷨Ҳֻ﷭ڣֻһ䣡
ȼūãǰ澿Ǻ˶ȶδ̽ô򣡸ô򣡡
һԴɳƵȺ복ӣˮĶ
ףˣǲҪڳſˣú˽ǰɡ
ˮϣһصŢ
ʿȿ˳ŴʿǾܱˮʪȴδĻ֮ɫ
ȻǰƺǼԼҪǵʿˣ֪ιڳŴͣ˳ʿҲ·ߵӱ꣬Ҳ˷ܵؽЩʲô
ǼʿƽؼʱҲʮֿշ·ûһ㡣
ǵĿȫһǣվڽŢˮϣ·Ǹʲô⻪ҫĿıһ㣬ǲ÷ֳһ˿һĿ
ʿúһҪͣ£սǰȥһǸ˵һҵĿţĽ
ƽƽת˹ƳһֽۣĿתȥˡ
ЩｲЩʲôòֳעȥӦǵ⣬Ŀתȥ֮󣬾Ҳ󾭹
µò䴩֮󣬸ʿʱǰ뿪ע⵽ڳŴ½ֻ֪κθ飬ʶȥһƳҲܼŭˣ㲻ʲôܽͨɡ
ȷŭ˸ʿʡ
ڳҡҲˣΪϱⲻɣ
һˮһ֮½ӷ¡
͢µýҲǸͤ˾ϱҲҪְߵͲҪΪ͢ٵֲҪ
׼ô˵Ÿʿһˣ¿ڡ
ҿȡݿ־˵ȷҪЦ˭սԲأ
ʲôսԬ̷ͽһǧǾҲ£ܣܣʿƿڴңĪ˵ǰݣһҲΪˣ񲻱ǿǧ򱶣
ĻլۡȥŮֻһ˿˿ڡ
Ҳġ
ŭĸʿʽŲһ٣Щϲ˶кμ̣
¹ԬЦе˵ɷȡбõĻ𣿡


218 
ܶ½еĽʺ,ʿʲǸûӵġ
սļǺѱ͵ߵģ˭,˭Ϊȷ,˭ն˹µĳ,βկ,ⶼĿõĹ͡
;Ͳôˡ
,س,´Ŀ£,ЩƲһΣգһй,ڸʿ˵,ǿе,ҲЩˡ
Ĺͻ㹻
,б,Ǻ,ʿֿЩݴ壬˭ΪԼҿأ
ĻлʿһʱûףòøЩ
Ϊ½ȡ֣ǱǵԼ˿ˡ

ЩҲԼҵȥ½¡
һȺͬһŮջһǷоͷк,֪ܽٲĻ,ʿᵽ˵һ
Ǹǭ׳,ʿһ䣬£
һ˲ֹǣ¼ǾѧңҪͰͽ͹ȥأ
ʿϵľӳУ͸һ̱ˡ¶׽֮˵ʲôܡ
ǳ³ƽװնϣڣԭҲĸƣ
˽ˣʱգ½ֻ죿٣ҿ֮һȺСˣѱĲ䰡
һ滰꣬øʿҲһ֮ɫ̾һת⣬ʿ֮ʿΪǡ
ʲô̰֮ͽʿһȣµίΣұ֮
ʿʼȻһ·ˣȻеġ
ֻǵƽϣ˵ֲݴǲ٣һûеġʿԼϲ½֮󣬸ԼĶλҲɲǳǵ˲š
Լ˽ģҲȥսҪ뷽跨Ƹʿһѡ
ΡʿʵֻʲôǲῼЩġ
ԬۺƵۣ˹֮˹֮һڣпݹǡѵֵܵݱ
һԶ׼ף˭ȥ˲ܷһ
ʿּдģҵһ֮һЦֻҪ֮ʱĪұǡ
Уλϡ
ضүûڹ꣬һԬһߣһ滹Ҫ˽ˮʦ˳ջһ˵ǳµǡ
¹ӵĳ¼Ҵ˵˳Ƭİã￴ʮ־
ү˵ڲڲòˣҲʮ־
ƻعůͥٲ֮ǰǸݵÿֱ׳ǰҲܾ
ųֵС棬갰ض˿Ҳˣ½ҿ佫߻ǳ˶ү֮˶ˣ
ʿ˳µү֮⣬˶ţȺţǬüĿţĬţ
ʮû뵽ս֮Уžͻ
һȺ￴ȥڽﻹһŹϤ
¹ôСߵү
Գڷ޵ֶӣҪﵱӣҪϰΪүС˵ֲֳҡ
ɿ𣿡
˵õϿңֻҪֳڷҪһڵ֣ҲүС˵Ϊ⣬ֳ˸֣Ժɲܽ¹ˡ
ǽʲô
Ҳֳү˵һ֡
Ҽסˡ͵͵ͷһۣһ֪Ǻҵĺöӡ
ҽ֮ǰȺ˰죬Ͼµģ½ͳµּ·ܻģ˺ѹ̾Ϳʼⳡս顣
ԬƵۣΪ¹УһûɶýҪģڵǣôɶٱ򣿴
ͬռݵһƬĵضΣƺӣˮ뼸Ϊ磬ݡԥݡݸ
ԾݳԹл񲻱ˣ
ΪߵˣǬ׳һйоص
ݲգرԬǡ
Ҳܽƽ֮ͣһ⡣
ǳˣϻֵ˭У
֮Ī˵ЩضǴ󺺲ɷָһ֣˭Ҳᵱô롣
һһƬ˽Ⱥվ˲ͬ
ȫԬ֪˭̣
ܲٺԬܵսЪҽַگѵǻͱһɣ
֪᣿
һƬ˽ֱߴߴ
ĿתһֱĬųֵܡ
׿˵
ϯݵؾһ¡
ϵҸ֮˵£ȹǡ
üԳһ˿չȺֿˡ
ܲٴʱǣ֪£ֵһ
ͱǣ׵óѣ
ֿʼߴߴ
û꣬ͺ
ΪЩÿһԼĿÿһֿƺеܲٻ᲻ݣڴδҪ㾡ȫ£᲻ڲܲû֮ǰɵԬⳡսǻսս󺵣ҪöݣӺδǲһ·ʿݵøƵģ˶ԱҪļǳذ㣿Ҫٱȥ
ȫעȫעطֱ棬ͺףϾڵЩıʿһҲûǸڶ
ѣ̲סˣôҲ20żһ¡
ôã

ô
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ͳ˵Լң͵Ҹ£㻹˼ֶƽң˸һһˣҲ
ǣͶСױսһʱԬ
ͶҲ˵ݸոһ꣬ʿͰԸԸΪһگǰ̵رϽս˵ܱ⼸ھӰɣ˭࿴ŸƵ㣿
ǸŲϰƷأԬƷأǡ
ǡʱְĿתˡ
ô˵
ȥһҪٴǣԬļȻɢˡ
ҡҡͷݣȥ־һս»ǧﱼ
ǲôر֮µͻȻ˵
ȫԸ£󹥷
һ̧ͷµǡ
ʱµǱ˽ɲߣóδᣬȫݽǡ
ʱԬ֮أҪһ򽭶
ʿ佫޴ʱɽУλòŮ꽫ҲԼıʿ¡
c͢گ͵УҪԬ
ʱ񣬽ͬԬϯǡ˵
ȷŹȥϾ
ȴǰԬϾǡȰһ䣬ݲܲ٣һǻ֮ԬѵϷŹ𣿡
ˡԥһԻͳһţcһҡ
ŲǴģ;ʱһλʿϵġ
λʿչַТڲܲپְдŹΪ˱ԼСｫĺøС
Ƿһ̨壬һµַ׿ʱǼɫı֣е
ЩȻǷϻ߿Ȼ᲻ˡ
֮󣬹εȻʮºͣϿңʾԼûκε˽ģֻǳ羴̨ҪĶһ䡪
ڱǧ֮ң򣬴ӲߵҪأд̲֮⣬£Ĳɲ


219 
ҪôԬ,ֺ˰죬쵼ȡ֮һԶϡ
ݱ,·,һ·ɹ죬Թһ·,赶ͬʱдŸߺ,ǲӦݵʦ
ߺ,۷׷,˾ǻæ,Ҳ˾òᡣǲܲٻûة྿ȥԬ,ǱUˮ,ȰѽߵǸ,ⶼ˵׼¡Ǿ򱱵Ĵ,һ,̴ˮ
ߡ
ߺԬ岻ģδϯء
ô˵,Ѿگ˭ҪǹΥ˭£ŴĲдײд
Щ֮⣬ŷ½ؾǣ๰ش󷽡
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Щ¶Ը֮ʿ佫һһʱֳˡ
Ԫ㣬ò׻һΣ𻰡
ȺкȻתͷؿ˹
Ŀ⣬תͷҪѰԴʱȴҲˡ
ֻгȺŲͣͣƺڿĿʱȴ̽Ŀƿͷһ
˫۾͸¶ζ̫ԣ̲ˣ˳Ⱥ˵ʲô
λе㲻Ȼͷֺٿٽš
Ѿȫʶһе㲻̫Ծ¡
½Ļ£ԭƽϵͦ򵥣ֶͬʱ´ӻĽǵȻǲͬġ
½ȲҲģûʲôľ֮һԸΪЩȥ׷ӣǳȨƶ
Ȼ󲢷ģȨƣȻҲѡһֵԼȨɾ
Ⱥѡģλ򣴨ҳʿòؼ򣴨ѧдֲ֮ñԡ
½кôģʿͬύ𽥵΢֮£ԭ֮ʱһصҺ嶼λ佫
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ڵڡȺôġ
λܶһƵСɾոǸѾģȴδŮѰý˵İæ
Ҳ֪ô
ԭΪһȺҴ֮ŽȥһãƷãǰ;õȥ㹻һȺƿС˳עˡ
ڷȫô¡
˻ߣ̿ʼ˵¡
еŵ˳ִӰȡһţβʶʼֹ
оֵֹġ
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ò־ɡһ䡣
µǵһۣϽѲˡ
ҲһСӵţβˡ
Ϊһ׮¡
ı࣬µǺҲ֣
⼸¼䣬ս߲ǡ
µСӣ¶ͬɫ
굤ͽһˮ֮촬֮ùߣ
Ҳ⴬ؽϹԬô˵Խ䱸ţ
䲻︻߿̲֮ģѵҲôµȰ˵ֵĺá
ûлӦﾲ
˺һƺһ̾һ
ӽگԬҲ˵֮䣬սݣʿƣ֣ܸøǼϢǡ
µǵǵ㲻ͬתΪ壬ʴ֮
ô˵Ҳվ¹ԬˣҡͷҲʴ֮˶ҪЦҡ
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µСӣһ
ǡ
ˡ
ķԸܼ򵥡
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һΣ˵ҴһΡ
ЦͣǼЦеص˵ͷ
֮⣬һ׮Ρ
к·Ըˡ
֣ܲƳԬڼб䣬˵Ҫ£ǧﱼϮ
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Ը⾡֮ԵأֻܾرȻΣԵģǱıµ±Ԭ̷֪ˣô
֪ˣ˵һС¡
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ʱ̱ʾȷʵɿ
ҽɷ豭һڣ㿴Σ
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٣Ϯȡ֮£ѵ֪ô̷߷߲ƽĴɷ򣬿ʸεɼ£
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Ϊдʣ
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Ҳʸε
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µǿʼԡ
Ե÷ǳӲһ֪ɤӸͷҪԼ֡
ǣƺӲͷƤʣ¼ҵΰ
ദúܺáϸ룬¶һЦݣµǣ÷ֵⶼǰֽĺã
µҲʼͷ
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Ǿʲôطֵֹġ
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ͳµĬؿǵʮͦεӰЬӣ̨ף˳һ򣬴̤߳ȥ
ȻµǾͽͷתˣԼ
ԼһδӰţβĿ⣬ʼƽֹ
˫ֺɣƽʱ೤ãꪣҲϸµؽ⻬ţβСֳָɼ縣Сӡ
ĬһƽֹӣԪǰˡ
ʵдŸˡ
ʮָȻͣ
ڱЩӣڡ
βڣ
µӡ
˵ͬͲڡ

㲻ͬҲڡ

ͬ˽µƲƲ죬ڡ


220 
ϳĳ«µǸӲͬ,ȺǸ򣴨븸ݱ,լۡ,沢󡣽ǸССˮأ˽׵ʯ·,ǽ˼,ʱתů,¹һ,ҲŰ˼⡣
ڴſ,۱򣬸߽ʱ,ȺҴææشˡ
վҵǰһ,Ȼææر̨,ôˣ
һ,˵Ǻ趼ɢ,׿ã˵ͬױæµѧ֮,ˡ
Ⱥڴľ죬еš
ѾߵǰʱŸոսֻľ촩ãƺΪûϵλ˻Ρ
ĵطһѣ̱㿪ˡ
£ܶ,ҲֳܹȺһ
ʵ㲻سӭ,˵,ҴˣȻȥˡ
׵վͥԺĳȺҪߣ̱㿪ˡ
񲻴ͣΪЩ飬ߣƬΪϡ
ǧҲ˳·ˣڵļίԱ͸оµİʯ·̽ţһָ۽£һ߽žͿʼŲȥȸǡ
վ̨µļίԱһ¾ͳˡ
Ǻ⣿
ѾŲĽŲͣһͣʲô⣿
ȥã̫ʷ崦޽٣µԶȥӪʱҲӲæ
ŰһСضָ֮ɫԱ
ȥԥ̸˵ʲôȥ̫ʷԳԺȺʲôȥԶ￴ѵҲûκⰡʲô飬ǸѵƽʱɾͽʶˣǸʱʶԥ̫ʷˣ⽻Ⱥܱè˭أ
ͺе¡
Īǹ˲̤Ү
аɣڵ°ܣˡ
Ҳõòݻʣڰɵõʮָɾĵذϡ
ϰ򣬰Ҳ˼顣ڽˣȺһָϯһִӼ淭ӣַˡ
Ӳȥַˡ
һײߡ
ͭʵģʮ־µ
ײߣҲǾãίԱͬѧָײȥ裬ϸ˵Ҫô󡭡
ĸϻСװһ裬ӶٽΡ
޾ϸ˵ҲʮַۻңֻоȺʿ˸һ
õĲܿ˹ڿԽһ罻ˡ
˶ϯϵһۣѵ¶һ΢Цһصı衣
ηغһڡ
Σ
̡
ίԱձϵЦʧˣ˿µļžС
һҵһ⣬£
¡ɰͰ͵˵
ʵµģİʾҪ̷ݣߣһ֧ӣҪݶʱ׼֧Ԯǰߡ
ʲôսǽԽԽõģʱϵԽ˾Խʹ࣬ʹࡣܻѾҰȻϣⳡսƽӰ졣
ݵĶСԼǸˣ룬ܴܲӴʳ
Щ½ȺȺҲһȤ
򵥴һֲ֮ˣȺĬһ£ֿˡ
ʮͣŲܵơ
׼ʱݣ
ܼ򵥣Ҳͻشˡ
׼ͻȥ
ίԱһŴλͦƯС΢΢ſѸٱˡ
¼䣬ҲֻؼһˣƺһţҲһίﻹ鼮ûʰ갡
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⻰˵ʮֿѺãһëҲûУֱͬеģ
ǳȺˣô
ϸڵüë΢΢Թƿܲˬüëһ˫۾ض
ոˡ
ձĲ軹һ̣㲻ʲôϽһӣڡ˹ˡ㽫ˡ
Ҳȹˣȹ˵Ĳ豭£ȻҾͲ߶ųˡ
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׼ʱҲһOO@@
񡣡
תʱҲĳȺǰһ
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ʵйأ˵ôֻ࣬˵ͷȺ˵ʲô
ǡ
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ʮҵʿƽʱͦͨţ˼ݣȻñԣһĹپͺͣѧܾҲͨ˵ȻС棬ȷʵǸͦġ
վѧӺߺߣ͸һַǳĸо
ҲЩߺţԽԽС㣬Լ˽¡
Ѿ޷ĳȺˡ
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·ԬĶȺҲıһְλ£Ŀ˵æ˵
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Ҳ˽¡
ҸҲû˽ȥԬǾ;ȥҪҰæ
̹ʵػش
ǳȺû˵ʲôֻǳĬš
ͥԺ³һǳǳ⣬ö޳ϸҲöǵɫĿ۴䣬ȴͥԺеӰ
Ⱥյúϣһö񻷣Ȼ㲻ʲôصΣȴҲ
ö񻷺ܾãֱɽԶ𽥴ϳʧ
½뿪ĵڶ죬ݾͬһսʼ¡¡ת
սսͬŵģҲбԵģݰոϤһ֣˵Ҫսʱ΢һӣ˵һӵگ飬ȥĵʱ־ѸתΪ˷ܡ
ܻĳһʿҿеʿڽһϡȥ󺵣ǸգۿҪձ㶯˼
ÿֻмС׸ǿգ취ӾһʿȵѡЩʿµȣȻͣҲ̰ģֻҪлԼĽڵзϽһҲˡ
ǾָƸǣһͷţƿ԰ƥЩͷ棬˼оȱ¶ҪЩ¯ũ߻أǻ˼Ű壬ؼô;ҲˣھвԴֻҪʤ̣Ҳһý𣡴һ̣˵ĳԴöȶˣ
һһƣȻ֪˭ͷ㿪ʼӻԾ˿ûпǹȴǵľʲô
һ̰ĵҲֻƽ񣬻Ҫµʿ壬Ҳ뷽跨ԼҵĶɰ嵽Ӫ֮УıһԽҵλá
£Ҳˡ
ЩļʿӪľ٣ĿɿƽݣĻЩϲ£ҪҪǲŶԣ
һƬӶҵʿڻһְλ
ΪϲξҪȥ޵·Աسͨ
Ƿ̫Сˣʿͬɧ½һǭףû֮ǰҲƽԭŽƳߵĸΪΡ
ٱʿնܺ飬Ȱ㲻֪ô
֪Σҡ
̵ģЩһ·˵ţʿƿˣȰıõһְλ䲻ĿȴпΪ񲻱½ǿٱ
ϲǸݣȴܱȵ
صЦһ¡
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λҲбôۼˡ½
ǿһһסǧڲıԬ̷ˡ
ЩҪıսʿ壬Щ븵ʿһ㣬ǰֻѧ߾ϵϲ£еǸŮʲôӣ
һսֽţƣֻ½ʲôҪ
ݵĶκˣԬҲ̿ʼӦ֮ߣ鱱Ծѫި򶫽ꡣ
񶼼ǵһ졣
ԭǡȽڡŮܵϷˣ˴˵Ų⡣
Ԭıһڽϵģȴܲս֮⣬ļ꣬Ű߶


221 
һ˷ѼʸΪ,ͬʱҲһ塣
Բ̵ΪоЩСų׷Ĺҡ
ǵ֫,ǫʱǫ˾͹,ڻͳ,һ˳ؿڳǸ֯ϯĵϸǰ˳÷·һ
ǹôΣȴδԬ
վڼװϵިĮȻؿŰҽкİգдһ˿⡣
һ,һˣɹѫި,ǧ
͢͢ʲô
ɣѾ³ˣ
ҪԴݿ֮Ƽ̤꣬Ҫܲһ,һθЩ˿Ƹ,ɼһ㽫ǹڷǰݺ,޷Ůף
ʱ,ǲ֪˭ǳ֮ˣ
ʱǲ֪ϵ,Ԭϵˣ
ʱ,ǲ֪ǵĶͷڳ־˳صȴ˵У
һ뵽֮ĸ٣ިˣҲ⼫ˡ
֮󣬡ԸԼƫ,;,ֱȡ,һ·ϲҪڣ
ǣ
Ϻܿ측˰յʬ壬ƯƯؽ󺣣Ļ沢ûިע⡣
Ȳͬ飬Ҳ׼ڸǺۼŻҲˡ֧ÿһׯӿ޺밧кܿΪ޾ţֻʿǲЬմȾѪ֤ﾭЩʲô
ʿһһĴӴׯﴩжǱϽ·ܿ챻ǽµѪȾһѪ·ڴɢȳϢٻؽ¡
˵ިϢе㲻ţŵʿȥе˳µһ䡣
δȴ
ǰӭУ
Ȼأѵɣ
µ˼һԼȡµͼչָ
ǰгţ˵Ԭǲѫٴ쾫һǧˣͿж
룬ѫδͿУȽިնˣݶԵУ
µǿһۣصЦһЦ
ѫδͿУިֽ£βһ
λϳıʿƷѧĿãʮ֮ˣѵõǳµһɺװǻƵʿͬʮֺϵıϣʮĵȥ
ŵùңȥͿСµؽ˵˳ިһ·ģҪҵҺβԸƭΧǣ
ѫǲض࣬оٶЩިؽ£٣оٶҲ졣
ζû㹻ĲʱƺƴˣֻҪڳܴ죬ѾδԮ֣ިıܿΪ¾˵Ǵԭ·
˸ѫı֮أֻΪսܻΪԮʱĪˣһ
µǽ˵ù˵ͷһ⡣
ʾǱҪĺܣǳʧͿеһʤΪС
ި࣬Ԫصס
ǽҺزסµЦıǣ
뿪ʦͿ֮ºܿͱި˵ˡ
ǳһΪһּıڳԾ֮ŴȣЦ
ӹڹ꣬ѻʯҹƽͿУкã
˵ĳˣУξ˵𣬳µǴдԣСĲǡ
褲ƿСʲôިЦµǲǸʿһձ¹سǣҲӦ£ǹ𲻹ç򣬳µǸΪǵĴģ
ֻҪܹ½֧ٲǹ¾ɼݱϣ£У
һգս
ǣ
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լڳУѾû֮ˡ
ǰ֮ټϳµԭʿЩʿ弸ȫȫ֧ҪʲôǱС
ȴţ֮⣬һƥƥҲ˳ѻһڻҫޱȡ
꿤ǧˣֳַǧȥ£ֻвǧؾƺƵԬȣ΢ٵÿ
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224 귬⡤ҩȫԱЦ
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˼ұϾһ
˵ǹȻǸ˶
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һһʱչıԵȾһīۣȴû̳ȥƮڱī֭ϣſһ
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գգۣգգۡ
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ԶſڣѾΪǣƥʮѾװЯսֱӵŵ˵Ц̱ܵòˡ
ԥվڴתԼδĹֿ˿֧ͺþͿдֵëʣȻеһί
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ԥĬ˺ܾá
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ԥãתͷȥĴһۡ
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ԶһƬǰи˾һƺ˸ʲôЦΧ˹Цֻһ꼶СЩıձɫ
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Ŀĵ߰ߣҪѰ̣ȴôҲѰֻѰһӴšļݱ
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ԭнľӣԼһ˵
½ôҲ벻֮ʲôϵ֮
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ƥ׳˶ǲҲҪĽԡ
ԭ֮ϣľݣıһ˧Ļ
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ͷƺҲ̽յƵûлشֻ΢Цž˰ݵһֻ֣ҡҡ
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ʱӭĲ̽յƣһĶԶ滹һ˿ɬҩ㡣
ȵſ˫֡
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ǵֻҲƾɣ©۶ͺܹ졣
ߵظſʱͥԺм˵ĽŲһͬ˹
̫ѾҪȫɽˣѵĽӳ¡
̫ʷڳ΢Ц
΢Ц۾ģ˹
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ȶүĽŲһ㣬ûܶ࣬Ҳס̫ʷȡ
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ŷɵɫеֻ֣ɫ䣬ƽأƺеᣬλͷ̫ʷˡ
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үͷһ۱ڵ̫ʷȣתͷ´
Ŀܽһӡ
Ϊʲôң
عĬһף߻СģǵϲɫġԶЩ
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̫ʷ徹ȻС
һ򣬹عЦЦƽԭУ㶨ȻµģֻԺʱСЩǣȥɡ
ǣ
ɫܺڣֵҲƾɡ
żӽһ
źУŽųߣʱȳҶ̣ƺһǧ꣬һֺֻ꣬˶̶̵İʱɫ㽥ˣЩҲһԣԼ˽
ͻݵϱѾҲѧͽš
ҹȥڿԽˡ
½ţ߻ظſڣƿƫţȴû߽ȥ
ڲǾɶɾשʯ·Ҳ޾ɵͥԺ·ľͷҲǸ߸ߵ͵͵ķݡ
СԺӣ˳ãСǰ˼ľ·
ڲ˵󣬳ɿӻǽµ
ǰһֻյӡ
վſڣΧ̻֮
ެƺˣҲƺûָʾɷջҪҼˮٶ˽ȥϴ
ǫ϶û𴲵ģΪüﺰ˼һһһѾЩŭͿҪƿ̶ֳȡ
վſڣһҶֱ˽߽
´ۣʮ
Ƿʲôѵ֪ʲô𣿡
ʲôӣ
ӴУǲܰȥЩɱЩͣߴٵ˱ɱ˵û㣡
ˡ
ʱû𴲡
һľվȦǰɱİӶΧۣоˡ
ӴУ±˵׿ǣ̫ͺ̫ûֳʤӵһλΪģ˾һʱ䡣
ھǶڣڲЩëƤ顣
ʱĵҲǸֺϲٷˡ
ͷף£ͷɣ
ͷã
׼Ȧ½ľ
ȫ֪ʱ˿̣ϽľӪУ˿ӱޣ۵糸һ·
ΪӣΪ͢
ֻΪ
ֻһ
ܹһʶܹһߣܹ
űƿˣ
ŵͣס֣½Ҳתͷ
֮£һС˷һس˽
㣡ǰ


225 
ϻҪʱ,÷Ѿˡ
Ұ÷ҪũϸĹգԼܳ鳤һ÷ӡ·Ҳ,Ҳգʲôﶼܹһų,Աֽ˶תַѿ,Ұ÷ͱһƬ÷,·ֺ̼ũ˿˾ͣ½,ѧģ,ժʡ
·˶е㲻̫ģΪ֦ͷͺͺģֻҶû÷,ƢõԷ̾һ,ⵣǰߣƢõСҪ̰Ĺᵹ,Ȼ·
½𣬴ӹһͷģ÷,Сĵҧһڡ
ǱͱȽƽüë۾һ
ˣ£ᵹˣ
ģ½״ӹǿ÷ӣҧһ,𰡣һժ÷,õˣٳ
,ҳôòڡ
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ӪѲӣ½׸ˮ
ӪѾ֮ڣޣǽʱ䶼˵Уѧϰάس빥е֮ľϸϣ½Ҫÿ챣Сʱѵ
磬ѵЪʱ䣬Сˮæϴϴ̣˵˵ЦЦеӵƮ˹
Ƚ֣ϢҲͱȽϳͨտʼĵʹǰ龿ֵˣĵǹؽǰկѾٴ£֮ǰܻܲԬأϢо˵ǲ̫ȤģϾ̫ԶսƷҲûǵķݶֻʿһĶѡ
˸µţţ
ܲ٣ǸݵĲܲ٣Ǵ˸̣۽ȥԼİֶӣҲⳡսˣ
ⳡսĲʲô¹佫һλòķˣ
λɫղܲ٣찣Ѱʱһٻ˲ܾ
½汾ġ
İ汾ܲٱǣͶܲ壬ĹʮòɫģΪ檡ȥżΪΪܴ裬ı⣬ͻȻ˲ܲٵӪأŵ˲ϰĲҰܡ
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δڵꡪֻĴ³֮⣬ʿŮӵĵطͻ̽СԼʧðĸˡ
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ոǵֵֹ뷨ʧˣǰȥ
bing ԭˣ
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ԭأԲгƣʿҲе˷ܵ˵ױ磬ݡ
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ͦæģڲĵ˵һ䣬ʿǾۻᣬʲôòμӵġ
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仰ǰοܾ˲ζ
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Ҵ߳ӪʣǰվŵǸʹɫϸһһ׻μۼһ֪ձͣݵġ
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Ⱑ¿ȥĺܽĶүµǣҲȥһսϵöѰʲô֮û鰡
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ʿǲһܲӬĴϣ̰ĲӬ̷ɿƬַ֮˻̰ؼ˱еѪ
һѴͣЩԣá
Ϊ׼ٴ͵ˣϣԶζֳִԼһȺĻ֮棬ЩʿÿһǾ׳ýĶɣÿһƥս׳Яÿһ缫ˡ
ûһǰλὫ
ײѩĿҲһȻͨûһëľڵģ۾Ҳڵġ
ܹЦһЦżЦݵŮǶȡԼңߴ
ٶγѾûŮˣ߶ԼֱԼֹġ
ЩģҵŮֻܻһ£Ϊѡĸְ뿪ˣǿԾˡ
ߵ˼ҲûЩŮϣһˡ
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ǾͺãЩȻǲԸǵȼ֮µģ˿ң½̫ʷҲҪҡ
ѺܶԼҽ˼̿һ䣬ҾԶ·ǹ˷Ҫζ¹ꣿ
ҴʱսüǱˣв֡
ӡ
ϸ룬Ҿۣ˳ˮ·ܵ𣿡ʵϵµܲ죬𣿡
Ҫ߻ش
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дŸԶݵ½ֹǳ·;ңԶҪƣڱĻۣһ˼
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Ϊֵýύĺܣ½̫ʷҲԳΪѾԻֿѡ
ĸϲѪдӢۡ
Ҳһ
ֻô󰡡
̾һ
ȫУ꣡


226 
½һʱľѸ˹,ʼڷŵȥ
Ҫɽ꣬ȡԼء
궼ݵһ,⻰˵ûʲôˡصסģġ
жݵضù꣬Ϊй꿤Ȩķݡ
ᵽΪԼ,ΪԬ,ʹһҪ,Ҫԩ
⻰˵þе̲衣
ԴƬضλὫ,Ŷʮ꣬޷ԼҰġ
ԼΪصĳµǷڹҲΪԵʡ
Ե,ߣԬ,һƵսĵ
ߵ̬,ԭ뷨ǣ
λﲮҰĲ̫,ôһԬͺܺ,˭ռ̾˭ġ
ԬӵԥƬؽ,ҿʬ,ȷ֮,һٴҲ١
սļ󣬶ƻҲ,⼸սƵ,һ,ϢȻ,֮ǰѾսԴĵʲôȥǶȻֲġ
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ҪǴһҪǼ˴Щһʾɵڲźá
ҪļƣԴǣ˵Ӱðҡ
˻Ҫܹ⿤ЩߴѹĺǿңԸ׮ͷ
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λݴʷϣµǵĸ׳«ײĴֵܡ
һж˵ͨˡ
Ϊǰռס®߲֣¬rµֶı⿤ңֻܻȥԼڲңаڻս
߹Ȼʱ䣬⿤أһܣһҪѹЩѶĽҡ
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ԭΪһ˽ǣ֮ǰʵ
ʵϣ괺ңˣ߻ʱӳûЩҵĲƲΪԼʵһʾʡ
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ҵ̻ؾӪһˡ˵ƽ̽á塢Զҹ
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ľоţ󲿷Ǿٺ͵ͼ٣СҲԥְ
⻹úӷ
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λʲô˵˵һ˵ɡ
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ȻᣬѾȥˡ˵Ƕ˽һ߱漱
ˣ֪˷Ԭ̷֮ƣ˵Ԭ̷ıݣֵΣ
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Σ٣ڳǣҵ׼ǡ
»֪ȥ벻ȥ
走˰࣬ҹ̣ҲҪգʹʱھУſ¼м䲻ûطɵ˼·ȥ벻ȥʱӣг֮¡
⾡ЩˡΪµǿסǰߣҪȥôһԱ϶ǿպġ
Ϊȷ
ŻҪգˣؾǣɽñǣһļıʿΣ
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ȥ˿о˵ùȻҲ֧дͬ硢ͬ塢ͬڡͬ塢ھӡǴֵܣֵܣֵܡսôû취ϸġ
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ԷӦúܿ죬ʿʣǸһ·׷ˣѧԣΪʵɿ
ʵɿͷǾС
һ·ϵ·Լĵ̶Ҫǧ򵱵عٸʳʡʱʡҲЧʡ
Ψһǲʲôطʳܲϵǹٲûֻ򵱵صҴ
Ҳ½ΪʲôҪóԺӷµԵʡ
Զؾǣʿ̬ȶԶ壬ʿῪũԸ㣬ʿǿĲӣ෴˭ȨƣۺȣҪһ
뿪һǳеսġû취ÿʿʳӣһ֧һǰУһ·ʲŵƽ˵갺ΪĵϾ񻹱Ԭ
ͬ;ʿǿùϵ
ģʳҪҪó·ľӣĿҲǶøжȡ
ԳϣӼҸǺǵһӣƽЧؽ͵ͺá
ΣЦһЦҵľͣɢʳͺá
½ʰ񡱵ǳڱģΪ֮ⶼ˵һ¡λѹڡ
ٿǵʱɱɱͷģλˡɢʳĺ塣
һֱɵСԳ־η
ǵĳǽǱɹģĶŮǽ˰þλá
ƽʱжϸɲݴڳǽµϼӿܣ֮߼ֱжеʡ
ȷʵͦģһѺܷǮ
ұǸ󡣡ʾģǶһ޶ġ
㲻𻵵ģһ£ôӲʵûʲô˵Ķ
䴵һ̬رֳĬûнӻ
Լڳǽһߡ
ƽҹĻ֮Ҳʼǣǽлѵȼ谵ҲҪѣȻܿú
ƳһȦ֮󣬻صϳǽĵطͣ½š
мƻ𣬳ũׯѾһһϨ˵ƣ첻տһҲϨˡ
ݴһƬ˯
ǵԳһ·ʱĲмʬȴׯ̣ߵҲѰˡ
ǿﰡ
һȵ죬Щ֣ЩأЩ˯һĵȵ峿δʱβݵũˡ
ϸһؿȥƺҪÿһĻ
ֱ˽Ų
תͷ
ƽ
еȦء
ҲǸæг֮£ææ˵˵ЩģǲǴŽˣ
ҡҡͷ
ͬЩʣͬЩʿô
ⲻ̫족ʣܿ⻰⡣
Ƕܾ彫
˵ʵ
Ůӣʱɻʹָ֮ΰý˵֮⣬ǶǱʫ֮ˣԽʲô֮
е䵭ʵ
½ĿתĴϡ
и㡣
̱ˣ˵㲻ԾĽţеϸ
뽲
дŸ갰ԣҪǻ๰ǧؾһڳУʹľҲƼǡ˵µв֮𣿡
ǵǡ
ױվһߵģǸˣսУȫ;
ʵе˵Ļûп
ԣҪЩʿЩҴ壬˵ǿԱңܱǡ
ûϳȥĳһ죬Ҳܿǽ˷Ž
ɳƣҹ벻֪δҶɳɳ졣
ĬһŻشҲߣŸʧˣȡ֮һɿȻ
ΪʣҲЧ
ʮ֮ȥʹڴ飬Լս
Ҫ£Ԯꡣ
ʿһ·ͣ㣬ҹݵرĵ֮ʱľӻڽ֮УֱֽԽԽʹ࣬ԽԽ尾
ѰһսʱԬҲڵȴ
ȵ̫ˣҪԼʧȥġ
֪ȴһҲ
죬ƺ˶ȫԸΪԼǰ;ս
Ĳܾ
Ǹأͦȵġ
ܲٽԼıפڜUˮԣͺ졣
ܺ죬ǵʿоˡ
ǰһͻ¼ʵ˭Ҳġ
ѾͶܴ費ܣͲ͵Ϯܲ٣ڱܾܣǣڰĲܾҹģðߣ
ܲѾǣһʱɫԻҲ᷸Ĵŭ壬Ȼǻģֱ֧˲˵İӡֶӶǳ͵Ϯ֮У׶֮ʹҹѪ
ѪʵֻһֿŵַûΪܲٻ۾޳Ѫ
ʵʵؿ£ҴǲˣÿТҲ֪ǸӴТأֶӴТأǸĹ֮Тأôÿûû˵ؼùһҹսʿ
ǵʿСǰǵ䣬ǿοڰ˳䣬Ҫ޻Լ塣
ɥ֮ʹôܱһ仰򷢵أĻܲǻҭҭһο
ԽԽ󣬱ƵÿҲһ޳У۾ףӿ޺죬ܲǶȻߵġ
һҲͰˣ˿£Ҳܲסˣ̽Եʹ߹䣬Ȼ󿪿ѯҪʲô
Ҫʲôֻܲ۾һ˲ҪҶ飬ܸô
˭˵Ĳأʹ࣬Ȼģ
ܸ
⻰ĽСַ̱
ɺ壡Ҷ
ˣʹˣܲҪ
Ҫʵ̫ˣ˵ǴԼ׾һδ޵СŮ͸ܲٸҲȥҪ򵥵öࡣ
ʧǾԲܶġ
ݱԭտأһأ
ˣ»ʹ
ܲٶʹߵ֧֧Ტ⣬̧۾Ƴһִ֮
ҵĵΤ
ʹĶʱײʿ
ͷһʹߣפԶԶĿ
ѿôáζ̾һҲþְЩǡ
ʿ곤ԼĪʮң껪ţԴ棬ʱ⻰ɫȴƽˡ
ٿһ󣬡˵ˡ


227 
֮ǰܲʱ,ǸսĳӲܰʤ£ΪʲôҪǣΪʲôҪ֣ͨ
ܲٸĴǣɱ㹻,ݾûֵأҲû˵ˡ
ֽݾһʮ˵˵˵ľӣѾܳصļޡ
Ԭ̣ͬɢӣ·,ҲŽԼϽһҲץӪġ
Ļ۰׹ǵĸϸԭ,Դ˼Ųɡ
Ԭһ̵ģΪϴٺӶ˳־սͯҲ׵ĵ
ڼľӱǰҪľĵȴ
ٴ֮ϵٴϣʱ֧ӲɺΧ
ٴһ,Ҫõ,Լľ,صڹ֮ϡ
ٴΧѾҰˣʡе,ҪԼﱸ
ܾԮԤٴԬҲҪ赲
Щںҵ˵Ԭ϶¹ٴ϶ǣ
뻴ϵĹ׼ǡ赲Ԯ֮,ҪӦһһܡ
Щܺܿûͳһװ,Ҳû
Դ,ÿ밵żᵽһҹʱӪկԵ͵͵Ż
Ҳڻζʬ壬ͼȾˮȡˮʿǸȾ߲
ǻαװɰģЩʿӪľʱ͵͵ӽǰһ
ּΪ޷ݱʲôԵ˺ʿ˲ʤ䷳
ΪЩܶÿһʿٸҲڶڲ䡣
˹ֻܲϵԼıΧ뱣֤ܽٴⲿؿס˲սĿꡣ
߾Ǵʱɽġ
λͻĿҲȷȻ𽫱®ٴһߣرǾ˺һӣ
Ҫ֪ϷûʳģҪʳǾҪӹ
ҪµǣҲҪ
չ죬֦ͷҶҲ˾
Ұũ˵ʱҪͣѰϢһ£ĺӣҲмŮ˸ϵһˮԺȣǿԣЩģԿϰӣһ
Ѿ꣬δɣ߻Щ߽߱ǽǵĵطЩϹ϶ĶֻҪ꣬ܲũ˶ӡ
ʱԶԶر㴫һ
ũһͷȥʱѵǰ
ߺȻϯƣǰյȺĻҳϣϣǸϸӵչ
һȺͷ죡ЩƤףųǻıһӰ֮Ź⣡ͷ·պȻʱȺҹĻŹһ㣡
һͷӿȫҵũ˵һ֧Ĵڣ
ǣ˭ı
ѵ㲻ʶô
ѵʶô
ǸũֿЦЦȻʶ֣ȴģ
ʲô˵һ˵
С½ı˵ѵûǸǰ棬˼ִ˾С½
һƬ
Ǹͱ½𣿣ε֪ģ
ǰ򡭡ũ˵ΪΪ˭ģ
ϵ˷ܱ㻯Ϊһ΢ģصĲΪȻ
½㿴һĻҲЦġ
ʱĶѵ˹꣬½ʱֹȥʮ졣
һҲϣԥسǣݷֽ֮ǧɸ̫ʷȣԼɴ̳
һ·ƽˡ
ǰʮĳӷֳС


һ ṩһǧסޣһҪϸҪЧʣҪٶȡϾǸһ·ʱƣûչƥҲͬƣҪۣǴҰϳȥΪƥϴˮӲݡ 
żҲжԴ˸е޵͵͵սιһѷùĸɲݣڲЩ֮ࡣܵƲã¼ټ


ڶ ṩ̫ʷȴǧݹһҪȣҪͬҲҪЧʡΪЩͬҲ˴ʱڸ·ϣҪٵشݸϵݣٴݸϵߣٶǸ޷Яأ˳˳ǹ֮ľ⣬ݱ;׼ 
½㿴һ·ǳƽ;ҲǳЧʣÿһأʿͻ磬ЩܾˣʿҲûټ֡
һ̬䵭ʧֶ롣
˼ϣΪЩʿ̬ȲѺá
ǵ̬һȲѡ
Ҳͬ˴򽻵Щ£Ǳ̨ʣͬµĽ򽻵
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ȻҲסģԴ˲⣬Ըʿʵ̬Ҳ⡣
۵糸ͬҲֻ죬Ϥĳǽңңǰ
뽭һͬӳģгǵصġִ졣
۾˵ϵ½ͬߵ²ۣбҪô𣿡
ԶԶؿһۣЦ
ߴ̣çʵçԬЩ̵
˵ᷴ޹ģװһҹǵģ
ıֻ࣬࣬ǣֻԽЩ²ǣҸǣ˭Ϊȵǣ˭
ɡѡϰ׻壬ȴಿڣټηбĽʿͲһһ֧
Ůף޺ȴҪȹǡ
߾ؿš
µڳ¿ȥһһڳµЩ˽ٿ󷽾߾һĻ켫ˡ
ǼϧԼڵİյģڽԵأٷռһأҪ꣬ʿŰա
һΪĵˣҲ档
µ˺Щߵϰ
۾ֻű£ȴͷһЩڽµˡ
Щ޹İղнʿ塣
أԮ
µǴӳ˼оѣںڵȦųʣδʲô죿
»ˡ½죡Լǧ
½죬ضǴҹԮңµúܿ죬䣬ƾǧף֪֧ܳģ
ڴ˳ɱһ󣬼ʹ߾ɱˣ֧Ҳˡ
дʿԹ˺ؽȥͿơӳǼ׵ģ½ʧ֧Ҫ׷ߵĽŲɾˣ
Ȼղ߲ݣ˼άȴ졣
߲ףҪϢȴѡ
ֻǾӲΧڳ³Լ꣬ҪڽΧΧһȦҪıԶԶˡ
ĹǾҪΧƳǶߣɧؾҲܸ⡣
ġ
ûֻмʮƥǸġ
׼ȷ˵ûõóֵ
ɱǣµƵЦˣдһš
ǿҪ֣
߳оʣ˸̨˫۾űһ
¹ǲǲúˣ
ǡ
Ҳˣ
ǡ
ΪʲôҪ֣ʵ
ǳûʡ
ӽǡЦ˵½ʦӳ«µ֮ꡣ
ֱǳ«ġ
Ȼˣټܵλһڸ̨ϵ꽫ӭҫ۵⣬¶һ˿΢ЦӦӪǡ
ѾΧԮ׼ѾΪ½׼һ񣬵²λŮʱ϶Ҫϸϸشһ
̫ʷ壬ضĻĽɣץǡ
ſϺȻһȫЦݡ
սͷת΢̾һ
ʲôã̫ᣬҲ̫ѡ
˭ɶ
ɫӪеķڵȴ֧ȴٳûз
ߺģ֪Բʮﶼ̤ƽˣ½ЩûûûزҲĲ
ȻҲԽǣ⼸գǻȫԸعǵģΪ㶨˺ٶȣǱһ㣬ʮգ䶼Ԯģ
һݹ׼չٶһʱͻȻ˽

һµϯ½Ӫˣ
ǣС󺰵ȥɣ
ԱһƬƽԭˮд֣ûɽܿԿúԶ
ҹȿӪһԵĴԴѣʮܴѿЩںӱϴĻ档
Ǹªֻ¶ϯصӪԱлǵ㣬һͬڵϵǺӣҹеĺӺӳ
ǳľͷԶֱƽߴѾ΢ȴĵߵС
ÿһ£ϸžһ£
Ԯ
Ԯˡ
Ԯ
Ժ󷽵Ľǽϴϡϡ䣬ԽԽ࣬ԽԽʢ
ʿܳӪʣһ𾪻ʧ쳤ӣȥǻ⡣
͵תҹеƻͨĽǣ
˭ܿǻΪζǵؾܲ裡
ôܡߵĶͷðһ飬½ղŵˣܹܹҹ̣ô͸
Ȼס
½ΣһұۣϽ;Ŀһ·ʲôܣ
ǧʿǰＯأǧʤ
Ƹյ˴ҴҸʱѾָ򶨡
Ԯϴǡ˵ⳤѵ˵㣿½ȵ˹һʱѵܽ굽Ϸ·ŵװףѵ˺ӣ
˵ǣЦµЩᣬʹҲҪ˲˵õ
ҹկ̣ϴϴ
һˣδʧԼ̳Կһʮ˵½ǣѾһĳ衣
һҹ׼طʱ̲סֻͷһǵ㣬޾Ļ⡣
½½׽֣һǻѹ£ʤһΣ
ˡ
ߵôæؾææܳʼӪɢݣأ˵ЩһĹеȥһҲǺõġ
׼ǽܽһӭ½е¡
߿ұ߿
мվһһȦĳµǡ
ְ
һȵĳµǴûס첽ǰ
Ͻˡ
µǿӾͺ뱧һ£ѾһŮˣͷ
úܺã񡣡
ǰֵļıãƮƮ˵;Щѣ߾ȻˣûҴһܰһܶûа
µСӣǻ﷢տˮЦ


228 
ǰһν,˶һжеİ
ֻߵϴ󣬵ʿ㡣µﾭӪ꣬һκ,һ,Щ帲Ĺ¶ʶ֣ǳ֮,ֶһС
һҪΪʹڣ꿤˰Ҳûȫָû㹻Ļ,޷꿤ÿһׯ㹻ϵȻҲ޷յ˰
½㰲,ʱܵһӭ
˿ظ,µһҪ⡣
˶ٱ
һǧ,ǧƥǧ,̫ʷ,ʱӦ˵,ǡ
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Ҵı̫ˣ
Ҳǡӣˣþ,Ȼ˵ɡ
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֣𣿡׼ʱһ䡣
µͻȻһɲŲͣˡ
һ
λתһۡ
ôˣô˵
ɼװʲôû
½ݴľӶڳµ˵ǰ˫н
ڱԬߣ̬ȲۿⳡΧŹԬսҪԵصս˴Ƭأ˺Χٴϡ
£½ܴһ֧սȻǼġ
ǧÿʳǸ˵֣˹꣬ѹȻҲ˳µϡ
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Χٴձ̾һ¼乥Ԭݴӣ
ݴҲֻйһ룬Ҽʹڹ꣬ҪܺŹһȦҺ壬ǿ϶³ʳġ
鲻̫ƣ䲻ܶųҵĳµ˵һ죬һߺһڱеġ
֣ԶΣѣһǾҲûУ
ַһЦʳԣʲôƣҵͰѾƽˣ
ܽĹ̫سµǵ½˽֮£˵Ⱦһȫ¡
ʱ̫٣²յȤ٣ƾеϼƷ⿤̼ʱ͵͵ƶɽظҲ˻ỨǮͲ¡
½ڵȷǺȲƵġ
ƣ⿤˽˴
СۣˣҲһʵ洬ȡ֮ɱڵ⿤ʿ
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Ԭһ΢УξʱӱɽľǳشׯΪϤġԬıԮʦ½һ棬ʱһĸоһ
Ǻܶೡ
дһ齸ʯΧˮ̱ļֻ¥Ҳ΢΢ػζһ£һ¡
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ĽЩͷԣ࿴һۣʮֱʵطˡ
дв㣬ΪҪ
дһ·˳˳ˮȻ˰ǲ㣬Цôôʮ־ѣСıܿβÿ䣿
λ꽫תԼЩš
ϣЦȫʧˣȡ֮׺ս⣬ֽ֯أ紫ĻҲһһ䡣
Ϯڴ˴һʯ赲½Ԯǡ˫ںڵ۾ɨǵӣƣڴ޽ӪկһֻأԿϽʱ½ضڴˣ˭ԸΪ齸ʯ
ʶеĲζ֮Ⱥһ·Ͻȿֺվ˳
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̹곤齫ңٴվȥ
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ڸŲУЩ佫Ϊصǲ֡
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ͬ־սƽԭͬս
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壿
ˣȺ佫֮Ҳģص㲻ڴˣģҼƥǡ
һ˲
ԺὭ´һ·򱱱Ϸʣ·ҲҪղܸϵ£½ͼֻҪܴӽܵϷʣ
ںϷһƬƽԭϣĲҲֵס½֧
幫ùȴˣȥȻܹȻļ򣬡Ҹǧʿʮգ
룬ֻҪʮվ͹ô
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ԹżѲǱһ֧Χ׷½صıҪǼն
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Ľͬ½ǸŮӡ
ǸЩĳŮӡ
һλͳ˧ҪסĽǲѵġ
뵽ʱоһ⡣
סʮգҹƺϷʣҲܴݶˡ
Ŵ˰̣Щ˵΢΢һЦ

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ܵò죬ٶȵӵĻ࣬Ȼ̫ʷȴҲǺŬˡ
Ҵ߽ظʱ½һԼɳ̷ԱһƺҲڷɡ
·;࣬ҪҪϢһ£
һɣƺ̲ˣæǰͬк
أλΪսҹģղŸϵʮиˣ˵սΣ
šԥԥһⲻҪġ
װûһ
ﲮţָָɳ̵ĳһ˸ӪկҪϾҾ
һԱ֮ڹ굽ǰߵ·˸Ҫĵطˣط뽭߲ԶԭҲǿͨһ·ؽϵġ
ְѽˣҲʲô¥һЩսڽػأˮ·Ҳˡ
ͨͱðĹؿˡʵô򵥡
У
ӪСִ죬˵Ǵ˵ġ
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ر̣˵ɿֲ¹ǣˮڽɧţӪկǾȻҲû֣
ŵȷһ˼
ռܽǶطҲѾȣ˼һҪȡˣ
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̫ʷæźˮ
Զ˿˵Ϊأ
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̫ɹˡ
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ĴһȦʱĻӦ޽ֱԾӸµطż
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ǵСȱţʱǡ
Ҫĳ󣿡
룬ҡҡͷȿһ
ҵ£ˮڳĶ
о弫ˣš
еʿҲˣЩδż׵͵͵·ƿ¶ǰغЩż׵ĿɲܽƤˣ˾ֻ̫ܶʵƤ˫ĥӲһǻѪվڶ
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Ůһƥңң˹Ӫկнٲʱͣˡ
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ϣһս顣½ӪСִ죬ΪӪУдҪս
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229 
һв½,Ҳûʲôë
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ֻ㲻,߷ҪӪιӣּزսͺ֡
ܸиĿġ룬ԭΪס,ɱȥꡣ
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̽Եع̫֮ʷѸƶһƻ
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ץ²ϸһʣ֪߹Ȼˡ
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ҹʿϢ͵֧췹ҲӪ֧췹ҸԴԼԱͷ²
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˥΢˵᲻֪
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仰˵ʱᲢûлӦ
ȴ
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߳ӪʱǸ⡣
½ֽãһοʼӪկʱǸ⡣
ˡ
׿ҳЮʱѩֶ׿ߣֻҽһˣ
ո½۰ᣬӦ֮壬Ψһˣ
һʱһ֮Ҳ̫ɢˡ
ٽڣںԣڡ
һҲޱˡ
̽Ӫկʵ֮½ҲҪ㾡ȫȥ
ֻҪǧ˵Ĺ̶ӣɽ·ˮţɧŵļһ·ͻӪĵձоǰ
һ̫ʷȴͬʿˡҲͦ򵥣ǹ׵ѷʱ䣬Ȼɱһɱ׬⣬˵󽫣Ǹϧˡ
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أ̫ʷȣ̷ʣûи׽
ˡ̫ʷ˵
ɱ
ƺסԥһҰνʱƺѾˡ
Ǹ󺺻Ѫݵվţ»ʿԼԼױʬ壬һʱǰ
ƺʱѾˡ


230 
ѶҪһʱܴ߾С
ͬӪկݵϢ
֮,һҲûͣЪ˴һ·,볤ˮ,ܿ볲
´һգһλˡʱξӳ褡
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ʱ,һоͱΪ˳¡
Ѱĳ߳«έ,ˮ,ԶԶźϷ۵򣬳Ƶˡ
ʱ,ϵŮҲ󵨵̽ͷ,࿴ϼۡ
ʱĺϲ˴С,Ʈ,һɱ֮εӳ
ЩԶ,˭ҲҴսЩս
ߺ褵ڰһߣǵ˼·
幫Ϊס,֪ܵ½,֮ǰ,ҽʮƥսӪկƣ̱ñϮһϡ˵úܿ죬ؼգܵÿЩձ򱱣Ϸʡ
е֣Щ⡣
ܿǸ½
µͽ˵ҪΪһɣС
ǵĽŲܿ죬ҲأȻһˮ
ӭųϵбһ˼ºϷ֮δ㱱ȥٴˣϮϷʲѹ¡
߾ؿǴԽԽԶˮ֪褵Ļû˵ꡣ
ܿߣδһһأ
һǳǳľѴߵԸֳ־򣬹Ȼģ
ôãǧϷʣѵΪռһСǣͼı®
ѵﲮӹѵЧҵһ֮
½ǰñ񣬡˵ҪĽŲ幫һǲ㹻ġ
ȻߵЦˣһ취һȫİ취һдһţʹȥ֮⡣
һ̴ˣ½㻹ûߵʲô
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ЩڣЩŮѽ²壬ֻܽƱϣЩһϯҲûˣֻ¶첲һƲӤסϣһ֪ЩʲôĲϯǰС
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Ӽʮ٣˼·ĽͨҪϣǧڵȴ
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ټӪ½޴ȥ
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һƹ⣬ΪǻڵʿϢԵʣֻ̧߽ʱ̱ҭһ¡
һŵһŵáһŵǰһСյŲϯһζӣһֻձԱ߻һչﲨȽȽ֪װʲô
ĿǸչޣˡ
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壬Сˮ˵Щ̱ѱϣմˮҪһ顣
ҹһϯϣԸζӣȵȻûкȾô⾳Ѿúˡ
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֪ʹûһ䣬ȱ͸ˡ
ﲮ֪ļƲߣ̫ʷ˵мơ
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ϸ룬ɵɫ࣬꿤ιԪֺιҪﱸؽľҪǾڻҪЩ𣿡
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ݳ˳·и質
ҵóȥߣһ˵һվԼȥ߾С
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˵ôŢˮֻǣôϴϴأ
Ů̧ͷϲʱ½Ȼһ
Ǹ
ҴͽȳģˣӹȻǵң
ô
ߺұ˹꣬˵̼ﷷңҮҮ𣬱㽫Ҽ޵롭
ô
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ȷǺܿģһ·˶ˣһСֻһڲɾˮҲȾ˲ȥˣСãһӣȻߵ
Ϊӵӻңʾ
εش˴
ʵʲôӡ˵Ҿֻһ˰ˡ
Ůƽƽϰ־ҲûУ۾żᶨĹ⡣
Ļҵġ
ΪΣ
ôı˵ΪʲôҪôã
죬û˵
̫ڴֺ
ҶҲã֦Ҳգ֦ͷëϣһ㰵ɫĿǡ
ʪĴ˸ֶﳿʱХ
ӪҲ춯
ǰѪĿѣ͸˹ԽԽԽԽ
վڼϣעһֳĺա
ֱ
ʹ
½һ飬ʲô
һš
ѾеµдʲôˣŻɹƷˡ
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վӪ룬ץǿƿڴŵúܶٺʿ·ûʹ˳
ֻϧ½ɤƫƣʹЪ˹˺ѷΣҲԶһȥ
ߵĶС
ֳɫĹʱ̧ͷĿ⾼˲Զĳǳء
ǺȻǰһսȻ½ɹֲ㣬ɵò
褣ǳգǻƸǣģεյۣͬѾٲܹȴ׷ĺ
ѹѹľӴʱˣ˶עǵĽ˵жӿս⣡
˵½˵Ҳã½ҲգǿΪ˵еʿ
Ķǰųȴ
ҽжȴ
Ȼһ˻
߰γĳӭųƺҲ˸˸˲õĹԣ־
չǣΪȵǣ


231 
峿ľӪЩŢ,ʿѾھٵߺ𴲣æŴˮ췹
Ȼ,ȥʱĬƿ˵ѹĽ,ｫÿҪϡ顣
½ǽ򶪸ױҪߵʹߡûյʲôţʹߵݹ֮Զˡ
ܾܰ,̲סһ١
ŢĿճ,һ·߻صǰʱѾȫ侲
û˯Сʱ̫ʷȺѾ,˯
ţ
ţ˵,ֵʲôҵмҪȥ졣
̫ʷһӾ,ԱߵҲһӾˣֻ۾ھض
Ҫ춫һѲ,ɽ,ٽͻعꡣ˵
ŽüĿһӾʹסˡ
Ϊ⣿
ԶȥϷʣ½˵øһ,¡
̫ʷȵüͷ,һʱˡ
˴߹,Сĵͬʿ̸ʲô,ǸǺܺ,ʿֻܴػش
ȷʵ̫ˣ̫ʷ⿴һ,Ȼѹˡ
˾,ΪЩ񣿡׷һ,˼
Ѿˣ΢Цһ£Ƿĵġ
ʱĵײ˵æʱԸʱϡһ£ҪͶʱԵ㷹ҪʲôͶʱٺȵϡࡣ
ʿڳ;ʱÿһ춼ԱģսڼԵ࣬ҪԱԺãûоôʿ
˾ӵʳıͨƽҪö࣬ⳡԬеսУǵ޷ڵػò˷ѵʳǴﵽһ˵֡
˺ܾãһԵ֣ǧʿǰֻڽһЩСģĻʡ˵ʳ
Ȼ־벻²ǲܵģо̱Ĳ⡣
Ҽ˵˵ЩǾвͬϰԣȻĸһ˵ܽһ𣿡
ɶЩΪʲôҪ
ΪʲôԶԶԶҪԼ뱻֮Уʣ㹻ıΪʲôҪ޴ľ
ⲻڷʣƷˣˣװû
ܻʲô𣿡еʮּͬ⻮棬ҿĸʲô𣿡

ұЦЦˡ˵ұ㣬ʧˣЦ˵ЦǴǧЦ
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233 
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Ǹʮ꣬ԥѹեͶԷʧȥȤĹֵܾ۾ҲֵŤῴɫҲ˼ǡвɣ
ᣬǴʯ˻ȥᡣ
ɴʱ֪½һ֮ھʹ˳ˮկ
˰˰Ϸʳʱûܵʲô谭
ٶȷʵܿ죬ؾҲȫʱ佫ŹرգѾһʱ䣬߱ضѾֱ֪Ӫկʧ᲻䱸أ
ʱİ̾ʧܣЩæڿʬҲŻŵܡ
ŹصĺǾȥ
һƫǰһ䣬թǲȥȳ˺Ϸʳǣ
ɷ·ûЩգȥ

ƫһϾ룬Ҳȥ
ɵĲױֵܣɱǱضȥҲһȥ
һǳءһǳء
ǵɻڽʱˣЩؾǳǣ̱ӭ
ٻؾʲôأ
ĵֿͬ۵׾پͱѹ˹ȥϴûǺܸɾѪָ̼һ㡣
ƫϲ߹ȻȫȥԮҵȡ
עȫڴˡ
ץСʹ˺Ϸʳֵλã֮һҲ׼ͣЪֶȥ
˰ǵĽһ·ۣܿڵģչһԡ
ʳ࣬˵ˡ
ǵʳѾ𣿡
û˵ã˵㿴ǼȻ½ȣҲѧɢһɢǡ
⣬񣿣
ǰ˰ǧܵϷַ
ת嵽˴ϣ
λϱսۣ£ʳ½񽫾ַ񣡡
ЩƾɷƵǽͷϣ֪̽Դ񣬶
˭ܽǽһߣɵףɸߺڵõǺӴȥٵ
ҪҪٵһȣҪҪٵһȣĪ˵ЦǡٵһȣڼҵԶѾǽͷȥˣٵˣ
ΪþսȵĺϷʳУȻתΪ˷ڣ


234 
ЩϷʳǵİն,һϲӡ
ûбһʵģÿڳͷϺ䤱,˭Ҳڱ˺档
ڳǽȻ֮Ϊ,Ķ˶أ
ЩҾʵĿڳǽ,̷,Ϸʳשʯɵ,һһȥ𻨱ŷܰˣ
Ҿƶİվ۵Ļᶼû,˶,ľͷ˹ȥ,óͷȥڡ
Сˮ˭ҵĺֹһ游,ĸۺ˵λשʯ,˷Ҫ˱˵ط²ϰ,ҪСΡΡֹܹ˲С
Ȼ,ͷܶһʱڿһĿ,Ҳۿɼٶȿʼƽ
ûڳͷϼ๤,ڳһСϢвݣʱϢһ,Գ,ҲʱʱƳһȦ,鿴ǵĽȡ
߼óϷʳ,Ϊ˽ڳУΧֻˣսǳ˴صסǣ
͸㡣
һ죬̱ˣ̧ȥˣ˼þգһʳߣﵩҹˬææؼɻ
ǵ˵ڶ峿г˵Ϸʮ˳յıʱһ㶼ţɵЦЦ
ǳ𣿡
ţЦɷԶţȻʮ֮࣬ҽȥʳЩ˷ˡ
ǣ
ѾһˣһһҹʱͱƽˣЩƽ׬ǮȻеɥҲӿǵٶȡ
ǽֱӶȥɣɿשͷɵؼȥ
Žʳඣ
ˣ
ȥ˾ûˣ
һƬд뿪ĺϷʳǡߵúܴݣмʳַյġ
ȽˣǾͲؽһ䣬ֻҪǱ¶棬Ҳٽˡ
ߺ󲻵ʱյıȵˡ
ĻЩƥģ࣬ȷʵеģһֱڳ
λΪ̹Ͻ˼ϸʱǲȥҪ̽׼űΧסϷʳǣͬʱҲسҪ߻ŵĳ
ߴҲҪغϷʳʱǳһ
ոûΧǣıߵúǶԶһɽͣˡ
ߵоز˳յ쳣ʱ̽ˡ
̹ιδǲ
Եʣվú鷳
ֱ˵˭ᣬΪ߳ĳվòӦô̼Լҵٽ
밡ɿļıûмƣĺϷʳ˸ϡˡֻ˵
ɳǰ̽ѲڳС˵һ䣬Χ棬ҵȵͼǡ
Ų԰׶㲵ʱһơ
̹Ϊȷţ
Ǹôóתˣһ롣
ٽ⼸ճԵú٣˯Ҳ٣ѹʵ̫ˡ
һĹȴѾȲסˣһƥİһ˻о֮бԾȻ
Χ佫ﻹվס׷ױҲ˹ȥ



·ϣӲס
ܵÿ죬ͣҲ죬æϵڽԲģһҪȥ
λ־ĽޣָָϷʳǣȴһնûУ˼ֲ
ʲô
ڽĿͶ˹ȥҲŵһ
ǵȷǺϷʳǣﻹ֮ܳΪǡ
δǽ߰ӣÿһ
ȱǱƽĺȱ滹ɽ
һǣƽػʲô˭ܾݳǶأ²̼Ҫɱһɶ
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Ϊ˹ǣһγǽȾ˵˵Ѫ˧ڣʿǲŻặηսǣ
볲ĲͿԴԴϵҲڻϳսڡɾȻ˵Ͳˣ
ߵɫԽԽʱȻг

ڽкһΪиʲôϢתƽעʱյȴ
תͷĿ⾼ضǸ£
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ڸߺȡЩˮڸߺ콫ӸϹѽϳͻӪС
ߵǰףÿһŶֹֻ֣̿У֤Ȼᣬȴڽźεȵ
ôأҪֲ̧һߣѾ˽ȵǣѪˣ룬һ̣ôǱأ
ղ߲ݵͳ˧ۼˣ赹ʱȻܵһΥɡ
һ춼ûԷ
ʿ˼ˮûסҲͺȥˡ
½еģٹˮˮ״̬һҲͳˡ
סӪկǿϧˡ
벻ȺϷ˴˶ٳԵĹɾͲˣǸַ˾ڡ
ЩɻʿǺԺȣӪկפںߣȻֳɵĶԣ˵Щ˺ڼԼ˲ںߣһ̾һӵ㡣
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½ǸϸĵˣѲӹӪկ֮ʿʣ༸ҽɻĴҲˮկڴ׶žߵˮ¥ӪկĿܡ
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еº㲻ǺÿһŲսʿǽν
ﲻԾ
ҿԵȣֻǧˣԵòࡣ˵ܵȡ
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⿴ȥֱϴͷû˽
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ڳԾսҪǰһ㹦ΣдƬʪأ棬һ㡣
ӭųű׼ʼ½ʱȻһ

ˮһһطʯ̲ϸʱܿո߹ӡδ˵ģҲܺ¹ֻӯĲµģЩغܿͲؽ˸ߵ«έУֿʲôʱȻʵһƬˮзɳ
ƬʪֻЩľʹôȣݼ仹໨ڿţġ
߲һϲ˴ˣһæսʱûϾһµأһģȥ
ڵĿһƬʪʱѾʼʶһս̫Ĳ⣬ƬؾܲΪУһδ֪֮¡
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ǰȷʵԼıҲ⿤ĺöɡЩʿ½ӽʱ̽Եؿʼ̾ܵ˽ѵ
½ľų֣ʸһ֮󣬵һ̳ţڶǰǵţʸ֮󣬵һѾһνҽʽ
һֽһֵʸ䣬䴩ЩƱǰ̱㿪ʼһɧ
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ɵ
ǲˣ

׼ӭУ˵׼ӭУ
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ףҲΪ֮սڵһŵʿìײʱڶŵŵʿѾ˳ײĿӣһ˽ȥ
ǵս򵥼ˣҲɴ༫ˣһѼ⵶֮͵ߵǰǸȾѪĲҲߵǰ

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վ߾Ȼֻ۾ԾɶϣһһֻҪ£
ߵоţ׼Χʱɴȣִ佫֮ڴǳ˳ȥ
ɣҷһս
ѾоİΧȦʱסߣ׷ɱ
ԭˣ룬Ȼˡ
̨ĶȷʵӦ
Ҳֻ˧ʿǷܲ
Ҳֻһˡ
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û߱ѹЩ⿤Ŀ𽥿ʼɢĶߡ
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ݳ١
ҽʤ½պձʤôߴŭԸս಻ܴ裡
̨ĻҵҪһҲͰˣĸ׵ܣ޶СҲ𣿣ľǾڴˣʿѵƴҾ𣿣
ߵ۾Ȼˡ
ܡ
ܡܽļҵ֡
սƣҪγ
ܴԼıʣѾʼٶһԽԽǧֵأ
ĿսһˣǸֽ֮ϡ
βߴȴ·ǧ꣬˪ѩ಻ܶҡ
½½ҧҴա


235 
,նԸĻȻǰвпʵҪԡ
һƬķϵҰʪؽ֯սϣԭǰоϵʮе,ǰܴ,оľҪ³һΪѹ󣬸ʿʿ,Щ,ʿǵľȥԷƣ̬
Ӧ֮,ɡʵ䲻ȡ,ͬҲԱơ
ɵĳִߵ롣
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оӦ³ʱ,ߵǱɳ,ǲױ,佫̲˧ʧ,ⳡս壡
ս˲Ϣ䣬һ̲ǰСģɢתΪ˴ģɢ
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ǲΪԼ̫΢ֲܼʿ壬ԲŹЩ֮£çһ㣬һ͵أ
ʱվǰ褺Ȼ֣½ˡ
˵һȻ¡
УЩͶĶʿҲǿԻط磬ġѵ֪Щʿµͷֳÿһףܹ𣿣
ѵ֪ܲٶݣΪľҪɱЩṩũ𣿣
ɫƺȫ֪
ͬԼľøЩʱһ
໰Ҫ˵ֻܹһ߳ʡ
Ҫ̷ˮկ֪Ľ
ҪƽһԼġ
ˡ
ʺ˳£ˮģҲڽؾһ˿
վڴͷ褹ʱһ
½ȻΪ㡣

ҲӺ
һ˲Ҫ½Ľ£ΪԽ̫Ľ׻ߴĴ
ֹǴһ衣
ΪǣɫԴǱ֪½ǸûǵԢġ
·ǻϵˣ⣬Կݣȴһʥ͵ı׼ȥҪԼ
褽½뷨ʱߵһͰˡ
գȰ˵ҽӵܣշ
һƷ˿ƺ緢ס
һвʤɾɷʲôգǰοԼˡﲮٸн̾һڻϣʲôͬأ
ˣҲǷ֮˾Ӯ
֮Ȼһ
ǸĻʱﲻ̸һ档
ʲôܹ̿ͣ½䵥ʱ
ߺȻЦˣҸտʼһԽԽЦüҵҪ

Ӣڴ֣֮̿Цȷң
С֪
λӢڸ֪褣ͬ½Ҫ󣬳ŵЩʿ۸֮´һ
˵꣬ʮܸ֮һᣡ


236 
ˮ,ɺ׶˯㡣
һ˿һƵ˽ٽȥ
Եͭϣɽڻ,ɽϻһӨӨѣ˱,͸һ
®̫ѫôڱɽԣ۴,ȴһҲ֮ɫʱʱҪȡϸϵĺ
ȷһĿֵķ,Ͼӵ,һ,ϲʳƣгȻһ
ս֮ʣѾˡ
֮ǰյһź󣬾Ϳʼ޲ϯʳζ,ָЩ
Ϣ
ʮ֮ǰ,²̴Ƽ,նƣѾٴ¡
Ԭʽ΢,Ϊ֮𶯡
ϢǽŴǵġ
ΪʲôŴǣ
λ̫һ̾,һҡͷ,ͷɥһ,̧ͷ۾ѰһȦ
,ָһۣȥ
۹һ񣬼жȥ
ѫֽϵһСϻӴ򿪣ȡǰյǷš
Ѿ˺ܾãۻּҪġˡ
ֿһ飬·Ҫҵһ֧ԼԴȪ
ֱ
ҮҮ
ѫһ飬æ·Žϻպãתͷŭһۡ
ѼڣٶḡԿȫȻӵķ棡
ǸϻЩӤʵ겻һ죬ֻ֣һίίϴģ
ѫֵԼİСӼۣԭûжٵŭҲɢˡ
úö飬ʲô
⻰ɱ첽ǰյ˸߹ҮҮ˵һ£
ѫΪԼһ׮ı㲻ڣ⻰͸ˣʲô£
ǸС£ȢŮǸ˵ΪĸײϲԵʣŮؼˣϲϲµ롭
ѫûصһۡ
Ѿ˵ˣѫ˵˵ΪҶȥ𣿡
һؾˣҮҮҮҮŸ׵Ŀһ·Ҳȥ롭ȢΪ
ƣλ̫̫ؼҵɾΪ˴ӦŮ̼֣Ҽ䣿
̼֣ԸͣòβȢ
͸кɫѫ˵ʲôãƾܼ޵ó⣬ֱˣ
⻰ܲԾɻû׸ôʱѫȻɫһ䣬֡

λʿݱ¶˳
ʮ꣬ݣţжֹȴһɲײĽý
̨ף߽ʱСλһ񣬴Ҵұ뿪ˡ
ʾע̫ؼλСȥֱŲȫʧЦѫһͬ¡
ܹȡϡ
亮ҲûУȾ䣬·֪ѫѰʲôҪ
®̫ر㲻ˣֻͷ¡
һҲڽⳡԻȥԱȡһöѡ
ִ䣬ҧ˺Ҳͬıʳ
ܹƴȴԶ½ֻǧȴڳ£ѫ˵֮κΣ
ܹлһҹǧ֮ңѮռο®
ѫϵԥһ˿΢ɧ㵽ˣѵʤ½㿴½ͷ֮ʢʲô⣿ҰˣͷҲͰˣ»ҪΪ®ʿЦ
һʱ
һؾ׽ѣһһ˫۾ѫ
ڽѳ꣬Ǹ֭ˮθʱ۾ѾȾһ˿̵΢Ц
˵ļǣЦ½̫ʢοΪУ¼ȳҪ®ʹһдˣ׽һ
ܶԾ
ѫı㣬Ȼһʲô˴ٽ®ЩıֻΪ˻̿벻
Ǵñϲģһĳһλܻȥ
ǰԬĳӣǿҲһ飬½ܵ취ǰ½ӦòС
˵ӹƧߣ𲯣ϲǸŮӣѵȴ겻ɣѫ֪̾Ѱʲô׽ǡ
ʱЦһЦ
ͻᣬʮŮɣôƧߣѰŮɵϲȥһ׼ˡ
ѰŮɣ
ѫ˵½Ȼ˵ǸŮˣȷʵҲȢףоֹһϤġŮɡˣ
ʿŲæ˵СɾȢףȾƹ񣬲ã
񣿡
ְĪ¸ĽüҳһЧء
ʽ˵øЩѫȻææغҪȥѰةԼһˡ
ԼСӣЦ
뿪ظʱȻɵЦ⣬ԼʱϵЦȴʧˡ
ġ
ߣԵ̾кηԸ
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⻰˵úܲѰ̫ȢôҪõҵأ
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֪Ҫȥʲôæʲô׼
ӺȻһ¡
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ѫſֿݸɿֿ
®̫ѫرƣر飬һֺõȥǣ˵ǿ԰Ｏ˳ҲԱһ®ʿ˵ġ
ûκ⡣
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ѫ߼𣿡
®·̣ѫ䱻ԬΪ̫أδ̣®߹ġһ룬ҡ
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һļϣȻ˵ǱΪɣҲǸȡ衣
ҸдһŸ壬ѾٺãϷʡ¶˾ģӪկҴȥǳΣ
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Զ´ʲô𣿡
ҵºͱʱѫܲоɣһ˵񲻿ɲ
һԼ졣
İɣһ˵ҾЩȾƣҲҵϱȻҲʲôֵġ
ƺЦǺܺЦǿЦһ¡
ҲǱ߲ȹһĵط˵⼸갲Ԭ̰ʮ˵½ʱ򣬸о˵ȺϷʷ࣬ƶǼ
ѫǸʮģֺˣһ޳УһξͲɵӷ
ڰѽˣλ®̫վڳʮĵطӭ¹㣬֮֮಻ɼ񣬲ɢ֮࣬
ȻĶõЩ˵ǸõĿͷأû˲ܴ꣬˼Ҷû⣿
ҲɰͰ͵ظѫവһ£˵һ䣬ѫѫĿظĹǸ˵ľž䡣
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һ˼ûô˵һֲȺƵģһøУ࿴˼ۡ
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ݱǵķȥѫȰ˵
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ݰ®һƶȣѫææȰ˼䣬ѵ®Смһô
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ϻΰεѫǵû٣һӾϲ
ǹյĻµһ󡣡
£
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е߶߶ģе죬Ҳе̮̫صļӡ
ֺǸиС
֮»ҪѫϣһٶĻؾ
ˣ硣
ѫϲˣҵɨͥ򽫾
̫ؼҵӭȢ¸֮£ڲûķˡ
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ѫųϢ˵½Ҫʱһӱǽ֪
½˭˫ȱǰսʤ®ǰ߹®ɱͷ֮ĿԵĲ˵̫½ȫ屻ɱ˽룡
һɱ½ǰҲ飬β®ʿеԾ
˵½սպգƷȴʮָ߽࣬·ʱֳܷһȥ񣬶һսɱ߲˵ʩǧ䣬ǵԸ߹磡
Ӵ֮󣬻һص˵һյʢ
˵ཱུǿŹݹ½뿪ģЩԸ뿪˵С½ȥġЩʿ˳ųˮһ·£볤Ĵ˵ҲڳƮ
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Ѿƴܲ®ʿ嶯أ
¸ò˹ġ˵λŮɫˣ˵½ѵ˭˵˱
Ѿʼеתˡ
½һʱҲֻԼûʲô⣬ˡ
ȷʵûʲô⡣
оǳ졣
ѫԱߣ¸ձϯ߽
¸ŶʮңʻգԵ΢΢һΣ΢΢һ⣬Ⱥʱ½ˣ
ǸֵҸƴһƴĴŮ
һ£®˰
һһƬ
½ˣ
½¸ˣ
½ǲϲ¸
ޣ½Ůģ
ôһӣЩıΪɶڶ
еŲŲұŲŲѫ⣬׼ǲƣҪȥʱ˽עתˡ
˵ô
ʲô
ǰѰˡ
˭䣿
ߣȻ˵ˣ˳
̫ؿ֪
̫⼸æӭ½ı²ة֪
֥

ѫЩĵֺһЩ˽ȫͣˡ
˾֮⣬ɵûнעϡ
ȫڿ
ڶλӿ
¸ӣȴһҵľȻ͸ȷԼĿøʲô¼ˡ
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ѫһϲеͬˡ
Ҳ벻ȴҳϯ֮һᷢʲô¡
ȺҲŹ̧λὫ۾Ҳһ˿ͬ顣
Ҳ벻ⳡ񣬵׻ᷢʲôµġ


237 
ѫΪⲼⳡ,ǾλƫĶӡ
յеľҺ峺ļȾϸޱȣѫҪһ£һʲô,һʲô㡣
Ǹ,ӷ۽֮ҲˣѫΪٷ,ѳĲĶˡ
˱Ҳר־õ,ⲿ˺٣
СζǰƸ׽,ⲿֵǲ٣
˽֮ǰѫģⲿҲ٣
˵Щʸı,¸߳һأ˶̬ȽΪ䵭ȻһѶѸʱ£Ŀⶼϡ
һƺҲ⡣
֮ѾҪϡˣ˵ʮǰʮָġ
ѾҪˡ
ֻ·һߵһߵʬ,ԼЩķϴׯĶϱڲԫ,ƺŬ֤Ҳ֮ġ
ǰ,մһսİ,еƵ˶û˼̫Ȣ֣ר־λὫ϶Ǻ®̬ȡ
ʲô
Ҫʲô
ǻ,ǻ뿪
ⳡ,һĳԹϿֵ½ЩŮ֮,Ψһ¸ľλˡ
һеòò,ǸֵҲ͸ӷ£Ž۵ӣʱ۵˫֣ܿǸųĺӡ
С˵ǽŵɻһв裬ע˷Ƿ֮⣬͵͵ؿ¸
˵ϲִ˵ųĲ
ż¸Ŀ⣬ӡ
׼ȷ˵˭Ҳ˫Ư۾ȷ˲ͬ®κһ߽֯
оͷǳ졣
ҿһˣƼѶѸ½һ䡣
ѫ¶ЦݣȮӲֻ֮󣬰ȶվͰˡ
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˵ʱ򣬵ƻɺĴ̿Ҳע
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ŮɼˣĽʼշֱߡ
ϵҲΪʳĽҺƣֻǳǳغһڣ˻ˮˡ
һһԹۻ񣬵ͬʱҲһع۲쵽ı͡
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ȴ֮⣬ʱ߱ضʮױµأ
Ķһƣߵ࣬
мѰִ֮κΣ
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ǰԺųĻ԰̫С˼ˡ
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ڿһȪּɽ̨ͤ¥ĳ԰ھÿʵƷҲˡ
ΪôĻĴׯ԰ͲѫԼǳġ
ǵڣǳ⣬һοʱլҲ
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ǰԼϵһЩͣ¸Լܳˡ
ܳˣ԰׻㱵ľ״̬ͷǳ
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ʲôûУںڰףĳˮûߣû֡
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λҲӦԣֻͽ͵ءγĳȥʸǻˣȻôҪνʸأ
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⻰˵ʵڻѫ֪һðȥ꣬Ϊ֮£֪ܲΪʲôͣǵˣʵڲࡣ
ΪԼĶӷɥǵճӣҲ͹ˡ
˲ܲٵΪʿһ㺬塣
ڲʩѹҪʿԵķӡ
ʵ״ɣΪ˾ƲԳԷƣҪսһ²ϵµȨġ
ǵʿ½ԼֶͽݾУ䵱ʡ
ܲٻǲæ뿪д˺ܶൿԼǸӵĴǸƺȫȫⶼʧû֮С
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λıʿԵһΪɥ֮ʹһȦϻ¶ɵЦݣ®ѫţԸҾֻˡ
̧ܲͷϵıʶһԣдһĴǸ
·һξ˫ۣЩʹ࣬Ǹʧȥӵĸף̼䶼紵ɢˣµһλҰĵۡ
ɣ˵֪᱾һ䡣


238 
ǵıѸ,ҲܰȻ߶Ⱦˡ
⼸ʱʱͻо,Ȼ,߳ȥһǷһ
ߵſǲ㹻,ܵȥǽѲһ,ʹݱټҲҪһЩسʿǷְء
⼸ʳζ޲ϯ,ʿҲĵС
,Ȼֵ̽ǵĶ,˲ܲټεȱ
һЩΡ
ûд˲ܲӦڳڣЩսԼǲܲĻС
ÿʮնľҲû˵ǡ
ʱ,ڽϸڸ֪,ǵʿ塰Űݷá,Ҫܲ١
ڼϣ˭Ҳûмϵ¡
ǲܲٵǵϢ̴İϡ
ͬ,λʱΪڶΪ˿˳ּ͢⣬뾣,ݴСͷĿʮ,ھϯȫնɱ,ԴΪˣƽ˾ݴ뽮Ӵ֮ҰҲ
ȻһŶзȵʿΪѾ֪ͣ뷢԰ףԳ˼º
뼸ĻŽѵ룬룬ָһָϵ⼱
۹ȵݸԽԽתǲ裡
⼸˶֮һشȥ
ܲٴ˾٣ΪߺΣ
Խ࿴һֿۣǵƹǣǰ
滷ˮһ濿ɽվĪ˵򣬱ʮҲǴµġ
£ѵҰҲô
⻰ǰ˵Լ¶ӵġıԾϣȴսÿÿ֮£޷ֱͨӵķʽȥ
ߣ뾣ݵ֮⣬ֻмѣԴӲ̲ܲݣһֱʮ⡣
Խǵãǰţ
˼һ˵֮£
ԽЦ´ңΨԬλƵۣȱ𴦸ңϵ¼ȵϣٴȡʱݴͣɶĹͲᣬռٴҪأӴʳӣ
λƴЦˣҿɸˣ
¶ɵɫҲ
ĩȻ˳ԣʹԲӣԬڣпݹǣ֮ʢٴС˷ΪԬΪ¶ȥ
һʱ־ԽһƳһĩˡ
ǲʮֿصıʿҲƲĻţֻڴ˵Ͱˡ
ǲѧ֮ʿҲ䲻ȣʵΪСھѧûʲôļ⣬йϰϲ
ô룬ֻ룬콻ɰǰ
⻰Ͳ裶˽˵ܾưոݡ
·ּ͢⣬ַݽԳһƬ£½֪ʹͬΪ׹⣬ѣܲһԣ
ĻϣҲһʱԪֱ롭
ʹһΪϣ
һ⣬룬ΪʲôҪһ⣿Ϊ׹⣿Ĺϵ׷ݵȥǹϵͬ׽׹ʮˣҪô
һɣȢףȴûлģλδؾͲѡһƾʲôͲأ
һִƾϣԼøһ֮һֻȡ˰ϵıӣغһˮ
ʱ𣬱㱻ʿΪ˿֮һ£һ֯ϯĵģˣ
Լǣº͵˵ԪֱҼΪӣһ⣬ȥ²̿ɺã
˻ֿһۣ˭Ҳеý
Զ·;ҪսƾһĲȻӦĸｫͲǡ
ѵʾ
ƺİʾԣºеؼ˵ȥˡ
·;գԪֱĪҪܸ·֪ǸʵӣһƬڴˣȻҲġ
Խ϶¶ղ΢Ц˭Ҳûпڡ
ױ߳ʱա
ѾЩת⻹Ǽҡ
֮Ҳǰ֮š㼦ֶΣҲӢϣ
ʱҲΪΪʮҪһ˴ٴǾ޿ܵġ
̸ֱ֪
Ϊϵĵطǿܲ٣ĽԬȥĿذ˽ܲ¡ʱ֪
Ҳ˵ӷҲǲ̬ܲԵʣ
ܲٴˣۣ֮Ȼ׼ôãݣϰ֣
̫ɹûкܾá
ЩҸӵѾ۳һ磺ȣҪȥѰһֱ³Ĵ
®´ȥǼһλĸ
˵λƷıԣ佣Թھ¡
һֺ
ϣٶҲھ¡
ظʿǾŻѣȺȵܳȥץˡ
ץҲصˣصΪʲôҪɱ
ͥԺ޵ϵΣȻӺݣڼǽ棬ˮıҲǸ񱭡
˿طˡ
ѫձɫΪȡһֹˡ
Ͻ˵˵̿;Ϊζ
ܲоɡСĵؿһۡ

ܲһֱҪӭȥΪѣ˵ҲԬ⡭
գգۣûѫһ濴ɫһּ˵
˲ܲȡϣ˵Ԭı棬˽֪ٴ׮ڲܲٵϣȻѹԬܣĻǣѾıá
˵˵ܲʲôѵҲ˽⣿ԼıԼǧһɵأ
ɵأ
Ĭһٴݸ·ͨʲôãضЩʲôû˵
ѫ¶һɥҪ飬ʵʵڡʵڲ˵ҽ®ڲܲ٣ǲϵģܲ๥ãɥ֮ޣưոݰ
˵ʱһͨ죬
ǲϵģΪԬ͢Ķ£ʹ壬һҲܽ®׸ܲ٣ϴʾܾʣң
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ѫ޵ļˡ
ôһʮĴ壬ǧʯĸ߹٣ǰ޵øԲǵĺƵġ
߼ƺûʲô⡣
ܲԭ´ǣȥ˶ӣʵʵõˣõϷ®ԶγɺΧ
֪˲Թɫ̫ãʾã˻ûʲôϢ߹һЩʵ
гĬ˺ܾá
֨һ
Ҿã˵Ѿ㹻鱨
ɵؼһڽϡ
ѫһӾˣ
ĿҲһ˲ǼǺң붯ְɣŹһС
ַֽ˻ȥ
ɱҲûʲôãٶ쿴룬ʰ˳Ѿˣ˵
֮¡
ѫĿһ˲ˣ۾ҲôģѳＯ룡Ҳ㣡಻գգʮʯ룡ǲ룬Ը
ס˶ͷ
Ｏԭʮյʮղ׼ɴ˿ɼѫжǿ
ˣұ㲻߶ˡվӸµ˵أǰϧһҵ棬͸ϧԼ
ǣѫ⻰һ˲ᣬֿˣһģģ
ʲôģ
һңѫ˯ˡ
Ҳ˯š
ǿ˯ˣҲû˯š
һϷ侲һ£һ硣
ܲ׼ΧݣԽ®
ݸܲޣҪҲǺġ
ǲһ˿ζ
ûпܲܲҪĲٴҲǾݣأ
ܲҪݣӦС򹥹®ʲô壿
Щ˿޷ƴճһֻ࣬ɳ̽鱨ԼͳµǷţȶס®һͨȴһս١
ҹƣԡ
ѫҵķãҲµģƺʲôҩ֮ĶȥһСۼ
ѵøеһƣ׼£΢һԼ񾭡
½µʱȻһ¥߳һŮӡ
һɫȹ˼ɫۣҹһ˶˼
Ǹ¸еˡ
½㿪ʼе㲻̫˼¸ܳġ
ԼҪ׼һΣԼȲȣ


239 
Ժܾ,ϾѾ°ҹˣһ˶ûС
¸߳ʱΪ̫ڵԵ,Ų,һǽһ߹ȡ
ûбˮضȥջͣס˽ŲƸϣͷ֪ʲô
½еضһˡ
ʲôأ
¸һ˲̧ͷ㵵۾
ݶ,ߵ¸ǰǺڿˡ

Լܳˣ½ܲ,㡭
ϧ˾ţС˵Ѱһ͸տ,ȥˡ
ͦ,ͷ
˯ţ
ǿСɵͷ­ҡҡ
ؼҵ԰Ӻܴ,㶼һͤ죬ȥͤ·,½㷢һеֵ¡
λ¸Ƥֹ,̸£ײ,ܼ޵ؼ,㱻,Ҳ֤Ҽʹ΢Ҳ̼ϵĽײ㣬˱Ĳ˵Ӧùܹġ
½ͤʱ¸ߵȴеġ
㿴ҹ·𣿡
ЦˣЩ˵ҵ۾Ǻܺá
ûʲôģŲͤӣЩ࣬Եþˣܿҹ·ˡ
¸Ĭһ
л㣬Ҳǿҹ·ֻǰҹ֯֯þˣ۾
ͤҹżĵɫ˿ۣԼλ߻Ǯ̫ؼҵĶ·Ҫڻҹɫһ㡣
㲻ǭ׳˵ôôࣿ
һֻ£סԼŵӣĬûлش⣬һڿڣΪңվ£λ಻ܡ
Ȼ֣صؾҪһ
޹أ½סǼΪҶڲڣҶҪһܵġ
վʱϸȴֱͬһ
ݵ½ȥʱȴλ¸ʵʮǿֻһǼܰˡ
ΪʲôҲأ
֥ǰաӡСһĸҷ֥ȡģм棬®Ʋʲô޸Ҳʵ˼ҡ˵ȴһֱǭף·ȫһ£ǿͬգͬڣҲΪʲôѫͬҽ׵Եʡ
Ҳò𣬡λŮ֮ǰ⣬һ£Ϊ߻
úλ˽еʱ˿ʼίز⣬תˣ
ɱ̿ʱѵֳ澭ֹһ
̿ʹɱǵһΣ˵ǻģ򡣡
˳Ĭһ
ΪŮӣѵɱʱ־𣿡
ɱ˺Ůûʲôϵ˵ҸտʼɱʱẦ£ɱĶɱҵˣϣǶԷңȻͲẦˡ
شƺ˵Щף㶵һżʡ
ࣿ
ʲô˿Թò𣿡
޸Үǲһ䣬ܹѰһλ
һλɾͲˣ
ƺסϡ
ƺһֱ߼˼ģȻҲ⣬û˻ᷢķʰ
½ⷴһ䣬סˡ
Ѱһλɾıӻ֮£ȻԪ˹Ҳ
ѰһλɾܹԼҪ½ʣΪʲôҪͶˮأ
˫һĽëĳȥһȡ
䲻һ˵ʹֳȣȴˡ
㿴½˵ûܱҼˡ
˫ëȻҵһ¡
Ҫ˭Ļһ£û˭ȻʮţҪǲȢңҲͶˮֲͶ
˫ҹɫԳһԵ۾ôģ·ڿһʹ⾰һ㿴
ǣѵʵǽҲڽλɾĸײأ
ôһȦ½ӵѪȰôȥˡ
ֻǸеɱˣ޸ĸٱ𶫺ʱݵʿ׷׽ǵУҪĻ
ݾ£֪ĸϸأ
ϼĬһ£ƺ˼ʵ
ݶ±λɾĸǲǲģʲô취أ
Т֮ˣ˵ΪʲôҪ
ĵط˵ݴʷǸĴТӣʱˣ֮ӣкף䱾⣬ʵΪ֮ĸิΪƩƿУӣѷΨʥТ˸ϡá
ۣʵӦȥٸٷһТ
ݵؽ磬ûĸԱε˿ױ
͢ӦҲС
Ԭ̷ŬŬ
ĻͷֳһĨ죬վ׼뿪ʱȻҲվ
۾ãˣҸȸͻȥʵڶԲסе㾽ȵ˵
֮ͻȻһΰ
̤ų⣬½һ·ܻسľӪʱѫ۾ȻһѾˡ
îʱһС˾ͳˣ̫ؼҵʮֹظӪǰ˵ª뽫ֻۣ֮ͽʿ֮ðˡС֮ԣ֮İ
ӣСˣʲôһ죬һƿӡ
һӵĽ鱦ϹĹۣ
ƿӣӣ׺Ьӣߵʲôˮ觰̣֬製ҡмһͷںڣ۾ˮ꣬һƿ̼еϥǰ
ˤˡ
ҲڵĻᣬˡ
̨һҲͰˣڣҷ飬Цһ㽫Щװ˳ȥʹǳģ㽫ӪУӣ
һΪѣ׼˵ʱ
ʹ
Ǹ¶˳Ŀɫˣʧˣ俴ɫȴܴʽͷϵķжϳôǸʿʱʧͳӱˡ
һ㶼ںԼǱǷ壬̿ڡ
±½񽫾ô
ңһڿˮǡ
Ԫֱּֿ죬֪ܲٱ·֮ô
Ӷݵءˡһ¡
֪ΪԵʣΪϢԵʡ
һѾ˺ܾãһĴ쵽ʱҲĥúЩˡ
һ̽Ҫˡ
ڲ֮ǰƼ飬նƣԬһ֧ıѾڡ
Ԭͽ͵رġΣѪѾɣѾû·Ұļ翹
׷ʮ·ڽҪΧһټ
ڴ֮ٴ⣬ܣѲҳݣ
оЩʿϵҲѾãһҲӰǵʿ
ٴһ̣ٴһ̾ͿԻؼˣ
Ŀջ˵·߻ķѾõҰ
ȴʱ¹Ϊ󺺵£ũ˾ͻˡ
һƬ룬סӦõ
﹡䣬һһƬ̵磬һ߽ͷѾЩĥĲñժ±һ
óʱĻԭ֮ϴһƬ¡¡
ƬһϮģܲƣǺɫģ
е
ýأ
죡
תȥȻ֧ʦ֪˭ıʶⳡսŸոտʼ


240 
͹һ,˵Ҫ˵ʵдúܼ,ֻд˲ܲٹһݡ뾯ΪܲһεսĿȫͬ
дһţ˴źԼţ׼һͬȥӪ,ȥǰߡ
д飬Լӡ,ϴһ,ʡ
λʿʮ,ϴ֮,¶һźе·֮ףʶȲ,ܸоͻᱻǡ
벻̫Ծ,½ãɻ±ͨĻٸͦ׻ץġ
ű߼ʵ뷨Ժ˹ȥ,Ŀ,Ҳ˾
ˡðҪţʵδţ
ë,ҪȽȥ,ҵ,ǰŸǡ
ֻдһš˵
ΪΣ
ܲշԥʿ,ѪУռϣ֪񣿡
⻰˵һסˡ
ѫƭ
һε֪ѫ®Զضģ
ѫܲ£޷Ϊ˽һܲҪ®ʵͼɱһѫƵܲһߡ
ܲٽ®ΪأֻҪоˣ
⼸ܲǳ˴㿪ʼôŲߵԵҲȫҵˣ
ּ棬ܲҪԬҪУҪȴһʱ
ȵԬ˫ƣʱ̵
һ˲ѩ
˺ܶ࣬룬ܲҲ룬֪ǲҲҲǴ⣬ֻһʱδˡ
оʣֲһвöǰġ
һϯһֻһʣһյƣù˵ġ
֪ʲôʱʼĹϵԽԽУ·ļҲĳһǣĳһݣ
䣬ƶתﶼ׷ʱĽŲǰУֻͣˡ
һսűһսĵ˿ǲܺ飬Ԭ̷ߣӦǲܲ١ǵ׸ͬͬͬս˲Ϣ䣬ÿһ̶в֮ͬ
оﻹǶݵػˡ
ƺļӸС
һսҪϸسﱸһ£Ȼ̿ʼһս
һ˲֮ܺǻݣ֮סݣԬ̷֮õ˰ݣ֮󣬻ϵ®ƬС
Щսȫ޻ر෴õĻرѾ̾ޡ֮䣬פظƵһ仧һԾΪԭߣհݣ˭ǰɱĹȥأ
ԣɣɡ
һߵսʤܺãһսҲи
һһһ
½ķûйȥܾãƺֻǻգգۡ
ԱߵҲûгϸع۲һ
˵¼ЩģԵģ߽࣬޴˷Цġ
е½һλδѾЩ۽ǻ΢΢ƵŮԽ
úᣬʮͷƽûһ˿һµĺۼ
ⲢеΥ͡
Щ˪ĺۼȫС
ܲٵϣҪ®ƳҵԮԼֱȡ²̣ǶݵѾˣڵ½ֱһλ׼˧Ŀ⾲䣬κθ飬һ·ںδ
˵ͷúܿ죬ܲٽ®ıȷ¹֮áȸһ·¹Ԯֻܴӡ
һ䣬һ룬Ȼһ飬ܲһ·ֱȡ
λıʿһ۾¶һ˿
нԱֻ߱
ƽʱۣʱܲϮǣϱӴҪԮ·ͱˣ
µǣһϮȡͻǣ׶ԱΧ
Ҫפػĸʿдһţ˵ǿ䱸˵оԳս
Сӣ¼ǵáݾ£
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˵ԬһΪ빫趵սδԬܻ᲻ٱôһסھݵϷʿ˵Ǹδ֪
Ҳܵеδ֮⡣
ҵ泯̡͢Ȼ˵Ϊ档
ڣԵС
õ߶ʧ߹ֻ
ȻüӲ¹һУһУġ
ƺЦһ
ôġ𣿡ḡġжٱ
˿
ıʿִؿǵĿ⣬ǺȻȻ
ġûΪʲôҪһ·糾ƴϵأ
Ҳģָ˵С
˼̿ʼ֡
⣬ʿʣϻһȥ꣬ææдţҲתڼظ˵
ѫ˵®ھݣ¼жš
ôˣ
³ųȴ̰Ȩм佫ɱ®һңֲڴأѱƽ
ͣ˱һ룬·Ҫǳ⣬ǲĺ·ˣĺ·ҲҪˡ
⼸ͳȥ󣬡˵Ҫȥһοظ
̫ɹˣǻһһϴˢ԰ӡ
ʮޣѪȣԸ԰лһǰҹĺۼǲò԰лݰ˳ȥһʻ
ͷ̫ʱѫƾϣ۾һŽĵ࣬һԼ¡
һ®̫أ䲻Ȳǰ۱ȴʩСƣŪУۼְΪˣܲأ
Ϯ½ضݶȥʱԬҲѾǿ֮ĩѫ첻ݣ
ٴ֮ҲͬУ񲻿գ
ԬٴЩ׳вڹЩɫ
˽ѫĵۣʱϵʧˡ
ʱʮʫзȵĴ֮Ů껪֮ѧʶȶһᷳĶ
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ѫü
˺
ĲѣΪǰ£üۼزסĽǣɾ֮ܲ£ȴһֱ檣
רǣѫ˵ôЩҲҪ
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£ײǸСŮˣѵһ𣿡ѫЦһܹ£ͬΪѵǧʯ»ףǱҸһﲻɣ
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ڸǹֱܶ˳̨ףѫŲһ
󵨣Ż
۵ǰؾһȻ˵һҲûŻŵĻ
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׼ݣΪеͣĴ֮סˡ
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ţԺŶߣסۺȻ侲һ£죬챸
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⸾˺ҲԲ̫سԼӷŭһڿˮ½Ǳٳ£ҹسܵ𣡡
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Ҳûܡ
ƺѾܾûټϸոرŵسһСĴˤ
ǸȣЦݵԲ̫رһǺ۵úߺĳ̫ء
һӶΧߣСǰùؾصģŮᣬ޵Ҳġ
̨æޣѥϵĳضǲ³ҵˡ
ѫȫǺˮˮǿۣһֻۣܺһ仰

Ҳ̨֪ľ仰棬ľ仰Ǽ٣˵һ٣ٶң仰˵ҲǼٵġ
ѫ޵øˣ仰ģ仰ѽǲܲٵĴǱȵģ
ҿ񣡡ԭ㣬ȴһٶˣ
Ρѫ޵Σұؽλ
һӵĴССƺյźţҲſ
˿Ⱥ֪޼ٿ޵ТְĿתصѫϡ
ľﱸˣ
ѫһ˲䲻ˣıҲ˲Ȼ۵öͷ˺ˣ
ǺãָָһŶй߶ϵǸɣݣĶӶҲһˣ⣬˵®ʲôĵľٶҾɱ
ѫ˸սȻ͵͵һԼǸƺɵ˵Сӡ
ԲתԼ⼸ӡ
߶µ˵СǼɲɰ
ӿͣˣһŭԵĻͷ


241 
Ƭؽ,ˮķᣬȴ½֪żĴˮˮˮ,Щôĺ
ʱһУҪ˵ԼλãĿȥ⸽һƬ,Զ޳ǽ޹˵,ֻһ˳Ϊӡĺ,ǿ
סڴ,Ҳ㻴,Ԭˣ߾£ռɽΪܣЩʿҲˣ̲ȥı»Ǳȥˡ
ÿһ뿪ʱ,ֻԼļ,ǻҪۡ͡ԼŮ١
ͨ˵뿪һҪ¶ĵ£ʿ˵ˡ
ǸЩĶ뿪˲˽ֿܵϮ,ҵĶάֶǨҲûôˡ
Ȼһʿ˾ֵֵø棬Щƽϵġ˳,ֻҪʿ˸һ·,Ը̶ֱֻ΢ظ϶,ȥǸ֪ںδ졣
Ǩʱ,ˣֻҪһôǨ׾ͽصİհһС롣
龰
ЩҰũֻҪڻҰݱӿïʢҰҲ
뿪֮Ҳסȥ˼ܣʿȥ׼Ӫկ㷭һݣҪѰʱ½½ַ˼ʮ߰׹ǡ
ʿǻʰԼϡ
̫ȥһһˣһֻСߣĦһ£һ˵
ǲݳ棬ˣСǸŬŬ
ΪȢӣǵΪϷһ΢ģԼУôŬŬ
ݹһԼ£һ涢ֻ֯һһԶʱǽϵʿȻһ
ˡ
ƣɢһӱþæվ׼ս׼ʱʿ
Խ죡ı
ƸϵʱӪæ췹ĴƮһɷζ
ʱϵøոպãŵ㣬ǻġ
תͷȥһЩսԵ£ʿŵζ̳鶯
û˵ʲôѾ˹˼֧ܼѾ۶ϣͷƬδγ
ǵ˧Ӧλо֮е˧ɼһյսҵ˺̶ֳȣ
ȻʱգԲ֧顰򶫽ܡ²̵ġ
֧·ƾճֵġ
Ϊ²ǧ֮ң
Ϊʱһҹ·ǰ㣬ܲٵǶձɵ²̣ȷ
оսضΪΪ֧֮Ͽڵòˮʱ͸ò
ֳ֧Ĳǿ֮ĩ³ɵƣǱս־ɱ⡣
ܲٵо֮УͶûȫ£ݾʱⳡսĽѾע
ƿܲսѡҲʮ־ġ·඼ԭҰʮʺ۲˵ΪԵøѹȸУһ긩£
ĹǰһЩãѾ΢΢ΪսǳЩʿѾ̲סҪߡ
ͬսһĻʱѾһ֡
ҪսлҪĲǱǷǶǷ̣һҪסߣܱսס
ǲ˵ģܾȴץסһ㣡
ܾҲЩ޷ͬһʱ俪ʼ棬ǰѾʼսоȴŸոտʼ档
ƵӭȥҪֹסǵĳɹһ룬ʹվסš
սѾ޼ˡֻҪƱգ˰ƣԼ⣬ЩݱϵĿ־֮ɫѾǴ𰸡
ڵһɱʱѾʿزסսߣʼɢ
ұͬ۹õĴܣǴϱҳһһ©ֱҲ޷޲
ֱ˭Ҳûһ䣬ܲݼȻѾԼΪԼĶףΪأ
Ϊ֪ũ˿Ǻϯصľʱʶⳡսߵľġ
ԶݵĻѹͬʱҲԼ˼·
߷һ֧֣֮ұõ״̬ǶԣһζŲ֧ܹܲЭͬսѾǸ
²̳ͷġѾΪ򶫽ܡʿҲ˸ģԭĸ׳˶Ҳӱ뺷
ʲôˣֻҪһسʿ׺񣬾;Ҷǵа㲻
ϵʿȻһࡣ
һ㲣촽ɿݵͬúأ˵ҴææسӪʱʿûϳǽװЩ佫ʿҲûϳ
Ͼλ˵еġ֮ӷһ㣬ּзݣǱһˣôأ
¼ΣоʱܲҲһʱûϳ
ȷغһ䣬ģۺڣΪ衪
֮ͻϮݣȻЩ˻ƣȴԼ־ǹΪ״˼ƣժñڣϳУ
һţܲٱ֪ԼλӷΪζ׶ʱǸоķһϸܵģͬһʹ
սƻڲܲε佫ıʿ֮䲢ܣݹҲһζطԣֻΪǷַּ͢ԬûɣҲٴԬ֮ǰ֡
е覴õģΪ˾ȡԭǳɷԽ顣
һʱһʱҲ
䲻⣬вĪɡܲǻؿ˿ڣҪһսġ
ҪսҲԬѰˡѰʲôռҹ˼άͻﶼЩٻԬѲǰҲˡ
˼֮ܳ
˫紺µĺˮ۲Ѫ˿ݽȥܲٿһۣƿԼĿ⡣
֪ĺ£˵Ϊƣܿݵʿˡ˼ǣôʱݣѵҪԬΪʱٶ𣿡
ȣ½ںʢд֮߰۾·ҪѪȡٴٹսݣѰ֮°ˣȡ֮ߣǴսܿ˽ݣһ㣬Ҫȫˣϸ˼ʱɱ˹β
ոջ²̳ǵÿһУ֪ʱƮƣܲ˹ȥ
ܲߵŴһ
²̳Ѳģ
Ƶĳǳݾ֮Ѹٱװһ޴ľ±ݡ
ͬһֻݷޣһ˫۾ɭ׵ֻ¶һ⻬ڵƤë
ߡ
ܴ½ˣȻҲܴ
еþûеȰһ䡣
Զˣ
ľ±ݵתͷǴһЦ۾һ˿ЦҲûУֻоȻɱ⡣
۾Ĺʧʱܲڻؿˡ
ˡ


242 
߽ܲٵоʱ,ǲѰĶоӪ·ߵļıʿע⡣
ǶǾͨʵˣ˭ҲûܳʵΪϵΪеʿ̲ס߳,վǰĬоʵķ
ǾͶзǵˣҲ,վڼʮ֮ʲôġ
ǲµú׼,оиûͣãȥƬ̣λʿ˳
ʱеĽŲʱָֻ죬ׯصĲġ
Ѭ˶ûйϵ,Ƿ߹ڲ,Ҳûйϵ
ˣ㲻òڳд˸,ֻҪԶԶؿһ,ȻͻᱻǷ·ɵķ
ֻһ˲
Ȼһ¡
ǰױæǰһ,ƺתͷȥ,һлȻԯŵķȥ
оʶ,ſڵرСƽ˶ٴ,Ȼȥıʿ佫ǻҪͷ
һʮֽϳɵ,˭Ǳأ
ɼҡ
ǵӰ,Ȼڡ
Դʼ,·
νĿıӰ˻,Ȼ̾һ
ԵĽǡ
°,ԬҲѻӦТԡĽȥһ·ʹ
һָζĻһҲûգֻ΢΢ЦЦ
һȥ®ġ
ԴƳ˹ûпڡ
®ѫ޶̰ˣίΣͻϮ˹ˣˣǱٳ£ԽģдŸѵܸıʲô
ѫ˵ȷͦһѾģÿ仹ǵÿģ
˴£ȷǻȫģҪҪҪݣҪƱ棬͹Ѵ㡣
Դ½ҪӴؾӪ֮ѫָսһʵʯĳֻǿӦֿǵʮܵСڴʮ͸Ϊճź֮á̹Ǽִܴ׳˶òĹܵܵ̿ͣرʺϴӪ
֮⣬˽Щͽ˹һβ˵Ǹˡ˵ˣǸûɶˡֱ˵СڵĳԴöȵģϣǺЩǸСӡ
˵ĳЩҺĵطٶôһ֣֪ô˴򽻵ģǴ÷ˣǾǲ˴򽻵
ѾＯϣ׼뿪®ˡ
²սϵϢûдǴʱΪƽ±ǵģֻѫԼ
ѫİСӸ½ˣʵǸĺϢҲԼʱԴݳıһЩ⣬˵˭Ĵܲ٣֮ࡣ
棿ɵؿ˵ôôʵأ
СӣΪ룿
棬ôҪֵǣ˵Ԭڣѫţԣ®ʲôҪ֮أһˣð
˵սԭӣŻ롣̨ķӭԬŵ֮λ־Ϊݴ˿䣬أ
ҲԾ룬ѫĺôǣԶᶨصһȥ
ŵ
ǰһοͣȫǵʿ嶼뵽Ӫ硣
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ÿһλ³Ŀ˶ۣѬϣ߹ڲ߽ӪʱһʱеЩϢ
ֻԷе侪ΪʲôҪôԼ
˵ЩӪʵϰԼΪͬЩѻĿˣǺ뻨ףϳƵĿˣԼʲô
Լò㣬ΧǼţǼĵ佫ĳЩΪȷʵеḡִɣⲻܹ㡣
Ҳ룬ʾֻҪһ𰸡
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ִʵΪʿһֶѫ̬ȱ
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ȻһǲԸðżŭѫķգֱӪëԼ涷޵ΪڰѫǸˣҪ뻻ʱܶ֡
ѫԵôź˵ôһĻԭԸһ㡣
ǵĳ˵̫㿴
ȡ
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վ⣬άϵļЦ׼һ߹ģһ׽˿Ļ׺ӺʱԶȻһ󼱴ٵ
ǲһһʮ
оѾҴ˹ȥӭǼ͡
ոߵӪſʱȺʿ֮ΪѾƣҴ߽ӪС
Щʹװңһ֪սġ

λµ佫ңҪʱһ飬һָ촽ϣָָƬղӰ֮
µ̻⣬˹ȥ
ųˣ˵²ѾܲᣬΪܾϣѶϢö֪ؽϻƲܾԮ
ٴ
µҡҡͷ
溺Ҳ
վܲûõġ
ܲٵĹƹ̩ɽѹƣһ˿ʴʵ֪ġ
һұկ̣ͬȥȥЪϢ
µһҲû࿴ǵƻֻͨȻһ񣬡񽫾СЩ
˾һ۾ܿ뷨
İɡ̵˵
ڵǻһƬƽڵľ
߽ȥʱһƬ蹦̵µ
ȿֺرԼʹ׺ϣ½֮ʥͣǽĳȴԼȺȦʪۿÿһ϶Ǻʳ»ԸΪ󺺸Ϳء
Ҫ˵ŲţԼҲˡ
Ϊʲôأ
٣һٶǰҲҹһ˽֪çۺ׺ˡ
һΣΪʲô׺أ
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һ̲ҪݣҪαװֻҪԼǺҳϵĳӾ͹ˡ
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һʤǹģһʤģһʤԼģЩʤ֯һάסǸԵüµ
֪ܣֻʲôأ
ǲܲٵ뷨
ıȷظˡ
Ҫά®ʿľһ㣬پһ㡣
ֻҪǵĶҡûг֮ǰۣͬһⳡսͺá
һױ˹ݸһţ
žƾһɻؿ˭ţ
ܲٵľʦƣιТ
εԴʮºͣǰͬɡ۲ദһʱ䣬ӡΪֱˬɰܿԽΪѵľɡȻѾ˱ǲӪ˵Ҳ޲̾üζΪ̾ϢΪһλ˳ڵĴͣûٽнһĽ̫ͨź
øж֮󣬹βſʼ˵ս£ʮºͣдĶһ㶼ºͣ
˵ԬѾ׼ˣܲȥҲźǵռݵ®һˮĴ󿤣ӦòԶݸе̫ϧġرϧôٴͻϴҪҲȫ԰ؼǣгɫ佫ˣΪʲôҪ֮£ȥԮأ
ѵҪ֮


243 
½Ƿװ˿
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ڳһװǰдĸ衣
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ʵһ׸,λǰµĴ󽫾׷ūǧȻʯʱµĴǡ
úܲʣһδڰʵ״Ҳʺľϳ,˺˰ɡ
,һԵױӰĽֻװŵĴӷ㶣Сһ䣬εʹûߣ𸴣ǡ
תͷڻʿȻʶεǸ鷳Ķ
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յ˹εţһܲٴٽ,Ǳӵʱϡ
˵βܶҡ,ôأ
ߡƽƽ˵
ǡ
߬߬˿,ݸױָָǰĻѡ

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׿ĸѾˣڻһλʿǰһ
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λɰͰ͵ЦһӢʤߣʤ
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ƺ֪ʼ˷ԸԼ屾ѡС⡣
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ʹܲٳ䲻ػܴǧһ·շתص
ļ±Ըһ·շתϱЩϱƴΣҲܷһޱȷţֻҪҺƳܾڻӱķֱǾͿԽ²̶ء
Ȼ󣿡
ȻǾͻһ黺شǸʮֽˣԸ룬ҲԶػϣܲٻˮΪľ档
гĬһȻƺһЦ
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ʲôˣüëҲˣ㱳ʫ㼸ְô
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Скһ̺Ȼ˸ӣ梣ҴˣҴѽҴ㲻Ҫˡ
߳ŵСɻڿޡ
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ЩʿĵҲҪ³Է˰ǵѧʸߵҲȥ˽ѧյÑҺڡ
ССӿɵʦ϶ʲôѧʸ֮ˣƷгѧʶܲϾ½ļҾ죬ֻĺӣҲѰԴ
Сɲ֪еƣ֪ʹ¾ĴְԼǺεȵֻÿһҪȥѧѧӶùˡ
СɣСɣѧſΧһȺָָͯ㣬һļˣС±ˣǽ첻ˣ

Ͱ͵Сһ˲侫ˣ
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ͬ죡
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СҪٻˣΪʲôһ٣ķۣǵļޣޣޣȥɣ
Щ¶ͯףǵףһʲô·ķҲСԺĺͯǵĽ¶һȱ΢Ц
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ٸũֲִӳ˰ȥæҲǾ²æСȥ
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һƬɫ˶ͷ󺹵æµгˣʱһ㲻г
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֪ЩƽʱҪԺ֮⽫¼׼ȥʱװ½ס
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⻹Ƕһ䡣
ȣŮɺβȥϢ
½ҡҡͷ£Ҫ𣿡
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⽫ĿǸ﹡ϵũջأһ²ſڡ
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Ԭ̷ȻֿʼֻҪǰ߶ס˲ܾȫôݾҲȥ
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ڿѧʵʱǺܲϲǰŵģ²ߵ֪¶ûʲô˲֪
ԥ۵Ĵֱ߽ʱھＫˡ
ǼʿҲ׷̧ͷ
м£Ҫױ飬ԥ˵λС
鷿һƬ̱˲ֱҪλ³̫غúýһ
ԥʮƽƺһ㶼ûвԼո˵Ļжô
ҲûʶԼЬ߽Ϊжôĳ
Щʿֻɵתͷ˿ڡ
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ڿڵӡæµĹһСƢ۶ԴŴ󻧻·ǭ׶ʮֺǸֿʵˡ
˿̵ԥ·һˡ
ͬϻеı˲øɾҪչ¶⡣


244 
ʱ,ƽԭһʱةһϤһ߾¡
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վҪѵġ
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ݣڵͳȨǸ½ģȨϷڳ͢ĹģЩڱͳΣʹһ񣬹ߵˣȷҲñյõƽȵ
˿ڵ̬ȶԥʮҪλµĿױ˵Ϣһʱʰ·Ͷܲ٣ǶݵʿǲصĴ
ˬӶʮֿʮͨ͸ﾲҶɳɳ졣
ڲûпڡ
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ӱıʿǻཻһɫͬӪҪȷһ¿ھ̬ʱѾˡ
ȣԬ·δܣϵȴ䲻԰˾ΪУΪĿ
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ֻҪݣʵڲشʱ˵³֮棬ȫ꣬ûиϵ빥ݣƱҲҪһս
Ԭ룬˵ͷ
ܲٽɷгȫ£Բڻ£֮䣬ѵ𣿡
ڵһԬ۾һıʿҲ˳˼ĥһıδ֮
ܹϾѣˣҺ
һԬֳָܵһ˿ԥ
ܲӭӣڵ˵ʲô˼ѵλ𣿡
ϵԥֱΣӣӡ
ϵʶֿѣʮƶ˵زҵġ
仰һмıʿҲԼĺӡ
룬㼽£Ѯռܹݣٽ𶫺õ˵һҲܲٹϷݡ
ͼƳһۡ
ݣαǶʿսһͼ˵ĺѵȮôǰһٳɹ
ڵҧÿ죬ѾʶԲܲٵģָȺ˹ĶǣȨƵĻᡣ
Ҳʮ費סĵԬ̷ıһǴķԬ̷һǴԬҲͳˣԬ̷һıԣʮִ꽫죬ͷǳ鷳ˡ
ôıԣֻҪѷ½һͷЩıͶûģ෴ԼŬŬʤ½ĴӶȥԡ
սһпᵽ˷ԴĵطΪÿһԴĵĶ½ʿܻԼ
ںް취ٲָӲһ㡣
һ˲һͷϣϷһֻ񣬸ͼļаС˵߳Ե
Ļǲʵֵģ⼸ıʿַ֮󣬹ͼ¶һгЦݡ
λɷģЦһƣɱѪУݡ
ʳصľٶ޵ģ½㲻òٶȡ
Ҫ򴩲ʵķߣϾԮҪΪڴս󣬹ıѾƣˡ
ƣΪϣʿҲܵӰ졣
ЩǮһҪǰߣǲʿܹԵأûǣҳϵʿҲܵ
űصϷʱ̫ʷҲѻڴˡ½ϵǣǻ˳µǡ
λƽʱ꣬ʹӱޣİ·ҲҪղأϷǴϵġ
ҳµǲû˵ԼΪʲôֻ˵ǱߵѾֵǴΪԼʮ֮ڷؼɡ
ù֮ɡ̫ʷȸȥæӪ֮£оֻ³µʱæڡ
ִΪ
λƣʿĬһ
ЩҪ㡣
£
²ʧԳܾһߣҾβˡ
ǡ̵˵ѾѸʿʣҪѣزܳսֻҪʧԮ
ʧأµǽضƳԺϷһ·ϣ֪ܲܲݴͣҪرµķߣܸϻ
֣
ͬպͰ׵ɫµǷŵɫЩˣһһأʳǸ⡣
ס𣿡
紵ĹߺµǵҲź
ʶʲô
ڲܲٴѹв֮£ʿڲһֶҡ
ֶҡԽԽңݱһѩ
ֳֵĳµǾˣǰֶҡļ̻¶ɡ
ס
ʹڲܲԬܵĺΧ֮£ʹѾƣʹļ԰Ҳ֮᧿Σ
ǣǣЩҡǲҲ롪½Σ
ν£սʤܹһУɱһ·
۾ǰЦһЦ
Ӧҡɵ˵ѵҴ𣿡
Ἣˣ·ˮһ㻺˳µǵɫ
á
û̧ͷµǵͣһּͣȥ
Ҹµʱ䣬˵Ҫ֧Ԯ˭ǺϷʡҶᾡǽٶȹҲƴס
֮أ
ûʣٿڵڳµһϡ
ã֮ڣһⳡս˵Ȼʷϡ


245 
ĴƬ,ůˮֳ㣬Ǽˮ
ũˮˮ֮,ᵹȥһͰ硣
ˮҲҲһ,ũͶԣѾѵõջǵƶЩ,ʱҲЩãҾԹȥģͿЩν,øߵļǮȻҲԼ·ֻЩԸũŻʱʱԼ̳βС,һ֬,һ,Ȼ֣µضǴϵȫʮ,ܻСĶݡ
ڵĻ,ũѾڣֻһһľӪ಻Щʿڻߵˮ,żҪĵһѪ󨡣ͬҲĳһѾûũȥ˵ˮ̳һβ,Ҳ,ΪȻԲũķ,ȴܳԵʿڻѪ
ٴǾʹӲʮİ,Ŀĳǽ,ȻƮԬ졣
ֱڣԬȻ
֧صıʱ½ľһĻ
ӪкҰ
ʿǵѾЩã˴ųಲ¶ϥǣʿø޵鲼Լ򲹶
Ϊľӣݱ·˺ߣ׺ͳЩƷڲ֮ʲôɫĲҲûа취ǿ
Ӫķγֳһͷףٻŵķ񣬴ǵܿǴŸʲô˽֣ܿʲôʱ佻֣ΪЩ²Ԭ²ͬͷĿսƷϲмԲӪǱߵĺڱߡ
ǰ£ǵҲʼøʽɻʲôʲô½߽ӪʱСŹܹ
֮ǰͬˮп
ضүס
ˮҪ˳ϣͻϮǣƽӦˣϧ룡
ƳԼһۣӣӮҲ㲻ʲô
Ӯһʲôæ˵Ӯһһ£
Ӯ˲ʣԮʱ˵Ҳ٣
ͣǳֵĹضү
½̫ʷȣȻҪǧʿԼ൱ɹ۵سӡ
֧õľӪһӷ棬Ǯво⣡սУʲôʿأ
Ϊ½ӷϴľվͲôˡ
Ҽ򵥵ֳһ㶫֮󣬼ûʲôطʷ֮л̾תⳡ̸ôϡ
Тս
սҲǸɷ򣡡үһ䣬ƥڰز˼ܿ
̫ʷ˼һǿأ
ǳµشˡ
Ӫկ޵ʮ־滷ˮ˵԰Զɽǿ£
ֽٱ
һݱһݱ࣡
ӽ֮㣬ϱʵڿɺޣ
ߴߴһ̵سԼһ˼Ρ
һִ࣬ǧ飬ܲܶɺǿأ
һֱھż佫۵ˡ
·ٴʱͷؾڣ
ף̾һ˵ͷ
˼Ҳ
һֱǿʣҲԵʡ
ٴлһ֧Ҳ࣬ܲˣȻһȫѹϣؾԺǰлֵεأ
̽Եؿˡ
ˣɷȰԬأ
дԽ£οϽ
㲻ѵ·ɣɺǲ⣬ùؽʶ֮ʱǲʹǣ˵ŻͲ
ѵǶү̫ʹնˣ
뷨֪˭ĳˣȻ͵͵ؿ˹Ƴһһ
Ǻ֪Ķүŭˣһȴ˴ѣѵһʲô˼𲻳ɣ
Ƕš
ҲûáȻˡ
µУξǣ̫ʷһ
˱Ǹдţš½˵ԬѾյˣضΪܲˮġ
ڽ̻Ի͵ٴЩÿֻϴм䣬ԬضĴǣϲġ
һηǳ׵£Ѿ˳˵ҲҪ޷ؾף;ĩ·ˡ
ȷ֮ˣҪʱܲٵԮԾ֮ϯ˴ݣΣһתƣϾҪ֧֮ǵݱ
ܳ»й½ˣأ
вʽԮ½ܽ˲ˣǲϾ·֮ˣ
ÿһ춼ǳģҹԬԲߣž׵Ĵƿһһĳ񱻺󣬴µİȡһֻǶСϻӡ
ϻйףЩɲдĹԲõδ
ѾЩʵпģϻϲһš
Ƿǲ˳˵ЩĪ͸еš
ȷϵоɵģİֻϵһ¸Ľ飬ϵܹأ
ԬϵأСĵǷţҲһϻӵ׺ͬ϶СĵػǸȶδ
һ֮ϯݵһƬĬ˶ûеڳ˼еԼĺӣеƺ˵ʲôеֻǶ
˵ƽλٽδѵϣֻ۾㶵ض
ֱ׿һŸϽջĿ⡣
ƺһ䡰ϾǻѧʣȻˡ
ѧûϵ˵ԬȻǲʹǣһҪȥġ
ڲܲٵдЩʲôһ㶼Ҫ
ҪڵľƾôѣԬӹƲʣ治һĳһڵϼս
ٴ
ԬϻѪɵļǡ
ǽǸߺֻҪԳ¾ʱһࡣһǲܲģҪʱҲǸδ֪
ҲʶڻӺ棬ŵߺ棬ǹ½ȥٴѵӲ
˵ͻȻ˵Ԭ
˽֪
Լĺ룬ԼǼõģ֪ؾأ
Ȼһۡ
ԪֱյǵĿ⣬ҲתصЦһЦ
ΧѾ꣬оΣǲö֪ġ
ҿһԣ˿ͼ仰ĹƳڳʱôӺһ档
ı˼·ܼ򵥣ֻǡһǡһݡѡ
ٴǱΧôãıûõģ
ԬµʿǳܣصľıҲûõģ
Ԭƽʱƴʿ۽ݴӲģıҲûõġ
ΪһҲԼݣϣ˶پϸѡʿǶӪг̵·ٴ⣬߹ȥ
ֻǽسӴ򶼸˳Щһ·ݣ˷ཱུھʿƬѾߺܾõ߹żһͷܿˣʿôűȥ׷
ͷСȷƤˣһ·ܵ˳ȥĸҲ˹
ǸʿŻţߴٽͷϻȥ
һĻϡ棬˳ͷؾ˱˼
һһԴŮǽ̽˳̰ýؿһȺţƤ
УξУξֻж˰
ǿ˳ţЩڻܵʲô£
⣬Ҳǣ
зԣǿûԣҪصȥ
ĵģĵĿšвУ
ӣʲôʱͷ
ȺûߺԶʱٴͷĵűˣ½תͷȥƵǡ
˭õأݵӵϰ檵ԬԬ·ȻԼؾΪһȺ͵šЩпΪ̫޴𣿡
Ϊأ
Ҳԣһ£ȻȻˣ۾һҲСⲻǴǰ
ٴԴһȺµȷǧȷġ


246 
ڵŷ,ؾ֮ܳʱڳ˳
֧ҹʳһپ⣬սҲϹ,峿,ȵЩͷ
յź,ұ֮,λݳ佫Ͻӹ,´˽
֧綬ҹĺһ㣬ٴĻ֮ϣ
Щʿż,ЩҪ,Щ˸ߺسţЩȵһȣǣͷôҪȥ,קȥ,ͷܵ
ЩʿѾ׾ˣǵϸֳһָΪɵ,ǰй֮£Ѿصս,ѡɢߣȻǣһͷߣǸòġ
һʱ÷ǳңֻҲ½ʲƲһʧƾǶʿȷû취סڵġս˵Ѿء
ΪɵǺ,Ԭľͬµѩɽֿٵڱˡ
Ͷʿ,ͼ޴ʿ,ΪԼսľ,Щսʿǵ̤֮˿ʼǵľ١
ݣȭͷǽеĻ׵ת˷
Щݹᾣ˺۵ʿ۾ôˣ죬·Ҳٵ߳ҲܲӴϵʹ
еҪѰһ·ȻݾǴŶܲܣܲԶŶ
ިҴҵشӸ˳ŰױŭҪҪ֤ԼһսǷ˴ĴĴȻһԱ½ܽ˸ϳٴ²ս
ڶǰѵ£ǧб֯һߣ׼ƽʱоǰ
Ϊ׵佫һƥڵսòΣިȴȫȻˣΪƥսѾȫĿ⣡
·׹ƣ̼ȫҰӦϣƥսѾ˺ɢߣһԾǰ
׹Ҳǰһ󾪺һҽУȫΪͻȻٵľ޴Ʈ
ѪӿѤãȾٴһλڸ翹Ľ۾ʣµıʿȫ֮󣬿ںϵĽã
ިǿȻӿѪͷ­
Ĵץץ½һУξԼŶ棬ҵȺ̵ųڶȥ
ƭţ˺ؾ֮󣬽Ǹؾĳı⣬һ֧ƫ⡣
үǸܹˣҪСƢ͵淢ʿôͺ˵
ٴΧ˴꣬ɽժӣЩʿҲòν˵ǺѿĵġʿڳһսҲѾ㹻ֻͣҲ
ȻЩʿƣôһЩʿؾĿԣǸнɻսƷҪԳеİ֣䲻ɱ˷ŻаŮ
Ȼ߽ٴʱԼû̫ˡ
ǳսЩȴһΡȻ
Ȼţסڴʱȴ˴ӿտյĴ̽ͷСĵ
צָСĴŴȻ̽һԴǿƤ¼Ѿûͷ­ϸϸĲϣζ˳ĵЩ˵۾ƺҲ΢΢͹
ǻû͵͵ƺҪһ֧ǵľӵʲôģ
ûдӣЩ˾͸һ㵨ӣĵŲſȥ̽˰ӡڵβסһ߹ǱȫӳС
˶һЩŮһЩ׳꣬кӣûˡ
ǵ۾ҰһĹ⣬һشӴŲſڣٴſŲ˽ϣȻЩ֮ܳΪˡİվһȺؾ㶵ؿһһӵıǡ
ǵѾûʲô־벻ֻʣһִ͵ľԼĳŤķϲɢѾ˺Ĵ󣬼ͽıڵķԼɢʬζĽֵϡ
һĹ³ǣĲֵȷпԭģԼԼţΪ֮ǰԼ̫ˡ
ٴĻʹ̴½ЩȶģΧйصĸ
ȥҲȥʱ΢ǭףԵüʱĻʹε׳
֮ȥһЩطģ˵ܲٵ۲ǣڵľǡЩǵլۡͨ޽úܿҲء
ЩɵģҲģǰݻˣҲҪͨ޽ׯ԰ȷԼݣլҲѫ®̫ذˡ
Ԭٴȫ󣬸ϡ޵
Ϳˢ̨ףͿˢͥʯΣһȥ̾װ˵ܯͮͥôһ
̨ףһһĹţվγλ޽Ĺǰ
гһĵչķܣµĴʯԴʯƳɣͷµߵǶ˻ƽ
ʯ̾͵ͥԺ滨ɢ㣬мбʯǶʯ˸˸ԡ
ЩΪӲͨ𡢰顢觡ɺﶼװ޲ϣǶש̨ϣС
ڡﵱţȫʵ
ٴôôĹأ
Щݹ᾵ؾΪһȺھܴ򿪳Ű
ٴûѾɢӿˣڼҲûʲôƵ֯ĵֿżԬҵĲ˽ܿ챻ЩһһһžĹٴյˡ
ԬʱӦҲһòϾѡٿò̬Щ㹻һǵòʧľ񣬵ܿһյķɡ
λšԬ·Ѿʧȥ˽ۣͷ켣һʿҲûˡ
ټĹֻʣһųꪣͽͶʿǶš
߽ʱǻͷ˸ӼٵĴϢ
Ү
죿еɻʣ죿
ǶԹ⼿ƭšЪ˹ش󺰳ԬǺ
㿴ٴڵİնʲô𣿡ʡ
Ԭ㶵۾
֪ڲϵض𣿡һ䡣
͸ӣԲʯ̾͵שʯϣһƬʵĹ⣬Щ·һĹЩϣЩɺϣȻһηһƬʵĹԡ
ԬվһƬʵĹվһƬ칬Ľ̻ԻһĻһ㣬һĻ
ƺˣΪ¶һĵ΢Ц
ȫִꪵҲٲ
Ԭֳֳꪣ˹
ĽŲȣ΢΢µҲ֤ܹõľѵľǰһжͽ͵ġ
֣žѾʮ״ıд̴
Ǽϵǳ루fu ꣨fu ֮һ㱻һɽһӿѪȾ졣
ڵѪʵ˾׵ĵשϣƬĲʯҲȾ˿ɲɫ
ѪˣˣֱʱҲһ˫Ķŭ۾ڿ
Զ޷ӻյȴûܽȡԭɾͰҵֻ޶ȣ޽һ칬еôˡ
µĶԬ֮һֻһĶˣΪ֮
ҪҲܳΪӢţΪΰ֮أ
ԬǺ
ЩԬҵʿԱᣬԬûִġ
ͷܿҪçһ̵ܵ£͸Ҫ͢һ¿һŵʵ
ȻԬײζѾ̽ˣüһߣŹܺʿܰߵľһߣһᣬ᲻ߵҪȷЩǶ˱ʯʯЩǶ˻ƽߵЩʯƳɵĴʯ
ҲǿˣѰ˼ټҲνˣһӽһӵһߣܿߵһŽյĹǰ
ƣƣûƿ
ʿʹһûƿ
⵱ȻѲסʿǵģʿ꪿˨֮УһǲΪʹõĻľűӦˡ
ʱһƬ˵Ŀ
ھʧҴܡ
ɪɪ
ڵϡ
̬죬ϸƳɵȹЩȹʹ˽ߣ仪ڵôһϵĹԾˢˢˢһƬ
½ͷ
˭ҲҽˣվſڣʵʵĿбӡ
УŮıظŮ滹ЩƵġ
̧ѥӣڡ
˿Ȼˣ
˿Ȼˣ
͵͵Ӻ濴ƺĺͱ˵һʲô
ǶԬŮ𣿡
Щ޿ĸ˶ĿһЩ곤ĸȺдһһ۾˵Сǰسһ
СﳤҲû̫ҪлңͷҲңҿ޿䲻
ȴеΪͷҵز˲
Ԭ֮ŮǸС˵Ϊִ㣬ұ㲻ٵİΣˣ
ȡ


247 
ʱĩ,һƵĳǳͨǳңг˽ӡɱ¾Լ˷ָС
ⲻܳԹǷջѹķйҲܳؾȫ֮߱,ķ
һǳǷǳʺṲ̊,䲻ʺһλݵĹ̤㡣
֥ͬ͸࣬ѹʵʵ
½ǻ,͸С˵ĵط,ǰȥأɾǵġ
λݵŮֻ̧ɨһۡ
ɫȫһ˿϶,״
Ȼ,ܲ,,ȼʱžԶ,ʱʱ
ʿȵĽŲ,һֱ࣬аȫС
ϸȻŻӦ͸
½¼зִ֮,αز²أ
͸죬λ®̫صĶĬؿڱ,˼ǾΪ,ֱһĨĹ͸ص಼,˳
һݻĹ,Ϧ͸Żһۻɫ̨ͤ¥ĳԲʯϦĹɨʱ·崲ϱ仯Ĺ⻪
ߵ͸Ѿ˵ţʱҪ˫ϥŵأϵعͬ칬һĵط
֥ȴܿԻõľ侲࿴˼Χܿҵ⹬ƥĿꡣ
ٴ½վƫ̨£λϲݻŽվһ˵Щʲô
ʿϴͷƳװһһĻææµµ˳ȥ
żôһòǺʵǻƳγεС׾ĵ˳·½ʱᱻһԵĹܺס䣬ҪʿڴЩ˳ȥ
һƬУ½ŽȻش˹
ܶɺӣ
ˮ֮ʱŲǡ
ǾǴţ
ǼУξѰԪֱļıӱϣŽЦһЩ˼ƥгдǮܲأ
½ƺʲôţһ
Ǿԣ˵ξҪصǿϡ
кξ壿ŽĿͼˣһضƳֹ²ʵӪկô
Ҳǣ½Ȼδüδܲٱǻ֪һߵסܵЩ
ǡ
ŽĻû˵꣬½ѾʱŽ
ˡ
ñ֥һ
󡣡
̧֥۾СĵؿǰŮһۡ
ͬǸʱװһɵƤףѥϻȾһѪȫȫһģ
Ը˵Ϊֵһزƴǡ
ԬѾף½˵Ů뼧檰ˣںƫûʱȥչǣֲֻʿˣ˷
֥һ֪ʲôζ
®Ѱ˼ңȼһС̫֮ӣѹʾУѾǼ䲻˵ȥ
ȻµԬŮ졭ȫ
½ƺûʶƽȴܿؼ˵Ҹһʿ֣ʮҵڵ⣬㲻صʲôΣա
檲
ȥһǵᡢڣЩмҵģڸģʿȥѰǵļߣǼѾڣȴȥѰʳģͷǮǡ½˵ԬŮҪ£ܷߣæþͺá
æá
ʲô
һȺǧʯ֮Ů
ָ֥һ𣬲ûǧʯ֮ҵˣУһҲ
Ŀ־弴ƺ¶ʱױǣ
½ץס׼ʱȻͣתͷ
Ϊѷˣ˵ǴʱʵϾЩ£ֻз˰һѣһЩ
˫峺۾΢ЦôƽƽȴȻ֥
ЩŮɭƫСشǵ̽ͷƿţӻ˽Ӱֱһš
ģ֥ܼˣǼÿһʻ㽿ޣ°࣬ȴ̵Ҳ˵
ŮĪҪţ֥͸һյƣʾʿź󣬲߽ǣ½֪ǵĿæˣžۡ
תʮֵУЩϵĲ㽥صȥ
еĳЩˣĵر˴˴һۡ
ÿһһ˫Ư۾ԼںŨܵĽëֶڰؼˣûб֥
ٴǾľӪʮƵϢ㴫С
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С½Ǹ̰Ǯ̰͵ˣΪŮӣԸ̰ɫ
ƽʱԺã˵оȻӸӽӽҲδ˵ĸʲôԳټξʱʱյм覵ġ
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ϾŮӣ˵ЩڽĴǼٵģҲֻǸıԣȴóŮɰˡ
˴ʹɫʱоⲽӪʡ
̫ڽбӪоʿѱһ٣ȴ
ڶӪ½ϣ׷ɱһںӱߣֻǲӪƺϣδʿܳɺӼȡ
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ɫȥˮѾûҡ
ԶԶɼǵĻ⣬ȫ˴˵жԣȴƺƴľӪС
ӳ˺̲ϵĻ׵㵭طٻɫĹԣդʿУ̾ͱһöһöǮ
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248 
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ֻ˫ʮң˵ʱȴŶзȣЩʿҲʮֹⲻǳԼ,Ȼλʮֳ谮Եʡ
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˼ȥὫǹĶӣֻĶӣ
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һһƬ͵͵Цͬòȴڿڣһ˽һĿдųؿǺŮ
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ԼϵĹֲ֪ƣ,к꣡
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ǲս
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ԯһ·ȫǲʬ壬˵ʱһҲûˤʹС
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ǿָ˵㣬ڽСɢҲһǧˣ
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252 
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253 
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ܳ棬ͬϪˮһҪлʦġ


254 
½üĿġ,Լᵮӵģ󲻿Ե˵ȻǱǸϸۻ֮࿴ġ
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Ų߽Ԭ̷̧ͷһۣ̽ϵ£ææӭ˳

ͼЦеؿһ۰ϵĹģֽĿת
˵˳棬ӣӦԡ
Ȱҽ֪ܲ⣿Ԭ̷֮أ֮Եֻǡ
ͼֻǴӵ
ֽܲټ½ڻϣ޳ĪԬ̷ȷǧѷ
Ļ˵꣬Լⷬһʲô֮ЦЦ
ŮȲͼĿջᱭ֮ϡ
Ϊܲ٣˭Ӯһ̣
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ܹݡԥݡݣϸ룬ܲװֵܣ
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Ԭ̷ţоԼЩ˼һЩµˣˣҲǺܣݣ޴ȥʱҵҪݣΪЧǼԱͽΪѡլԺҵ
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g˿ֿ̽˿갰װļƣȻˡ
Ԭ̷ʹؽ˵֣
ؽ˵ҪϹۣȲҲȱСˣ
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һֵΡ⼸ֵΪ׽췹Եġ
֮ҲˣǮҵװҲݺݵˣҪǽӹҵıǿ϶ҲǮ°
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Ҳûҵһǡݴλͷ硣


255 
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Ԭ̷һֵǾ˵,Ǹǽ,㣬Ӳֻ֣ܵΧ³,˭֪¼ս½ֱ仯
ܲٲǳ֮Σˣ»ص,,ѵܻ˲ܲ٣Ԭ̷Χʱﻢ£
ΧǣԥԻ⣬ʿܵѶϢ
һ־ʮ־ˡ
ȻܹرճţЩƽԭʹ߱ԴԴϵؽ,ʿ尵ͨ
ҲԬ̷Χ,ԥ˵,ҳʱ񲻱ССǼ̣
,У
gʮؿһԥ
λʿòߴ׳,˿˳ᢵıʿ,ܹὣ佫
갰ǰʾg,ҪʿЩ֮ԥһ¡
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ԥڳڴѲ飬ֻʱѽŵľƸӲľԱĵԬ̷
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ֻԥԼ갰Ϊǲ๵ġ
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ζĻҪһѶȡ
ͶԬ̷ˣϲһЩ֪񣿡
ȻԥǺͰֿһ˲ͱˡ
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һ֧ԭǲϵķּң½׼˵ȥǰմѰѾˣ˰梡
ԥĬá
Ůɾѣضοѡ
Ҿѣûʲôֵðοģ˵ǵס梲οһգҡ
ŮɵĻ˵òԬ̷ѮռῪΣԥ̾һɫʮֵȻСָһ󡭡

ԥ̧ۿŮɺβȥأ
ǱСŮ
˵ĽӪΪֹһֱϽѲߣӲʲôԵصĴսЩŮղҹҹѣаиԥɫǿ
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Ҳͬı׼ҪԼ½룬ԥΪʲôԭϣҲǲҲǲ飬ҲصǽϣͬһȺһ档
С½׵ӺȻǱʲôһ¡
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ЩһûŪԼ֣ȻԳΪȻȷЩ
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Ѱ֤ݣͿԹعǵ״Ȼأֻɱ׶ˡЩˣҪһп壬ĵηӶغڰ֮С
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ԥ½׵׶ԼĹ滮ܾãԼܹһУôΪ½׶һ·ǲġ
С½ЩҾ죬Ҳܵǰǰ׵ȫǡ
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ԥݵ֮Уѹ½Ǿ
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Ԭ̷ǼŶϵĹŮԬ̷½Ǽ޽Ԭҳ˲ңòۣܳģ
Ԭ̷˭Ԭ̷ԬĴӣϢλӲܳ裬ϾǳӣбıʿǽԬȡңԬ̷ǡ
뷨ݵɱ˴޷˵ǶȻ»˭ҵŮԸ޸Ԭ̷Ϊҵģ½ʲôǸ梲ǭ׼ҵŮ½Ϊ½֪½ױԬҵŮҲǲܹģ
ǰŰݷãȰ˵½ãŮƺǽߣֻ˵Ҫϸһ룬ʱ޷˱϶Ըġ
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ͼ֮˳Ŀ⣬ֻܿǰһСģ޷һҲе⣬ϲ̾ʹӦˡ
Ůɼ˵ǾʹҲԵ֣ЩѰ׺֮ˣģΪͼΣ
½ס˴޷˵֡
Ůָ˳ƯˣȫȻƻˣ·һһ㣬˴޷˲Ծش˸ս
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ͼյľ綨Ҫ¡ЩҪãҲҪϼѣ˵׺֮ˣͷɾһǡ


256 
Ԭ̷ԥæµűս,ʿҲѡӪʱƺûЩ
ˬʺҸطһ½б֦ҡ,,,ӦҲܶдƪǸ
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Ԭ̷˱ݱģ֮̾һϧ
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мʮλѧʿصģģǿ˿ڣǵȷԸΪЧġ
ܽЩ֮˳ȥȰ˵ܱݣȫ뱱ʹһͼա
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ԽԽİտʼǨˡ
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Ҫصʱڸе̴͵ڳ⣬һӭ
ԥɫˡ
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ͷֻһ࣬Բж۵ЩÿϰжЩѽжװĲأ´ԶĿҲʮÿһʮöʸ׼ͷһʮľҪʲô׼ͷ

ǸͿŮһָʱԾˣȻȷ⵽һĲõЦ˺硣
ȴûЩƻºӰƣڳԼõδʱһ֧ʸͻȻͷ­
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ٰҺȻ÷ǳңǳѪȡ
γЯ彣ҪȥЩŮʸһʱȴûҪߣŮֲһʸ
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ЩŮѰۣԲ
ŮǿܻţҲܻ˷ʸ˶Щʸ£㲻˷ѡ
мŮЯδóãʲôʿǽͣӦҲӦ
½´߳ĿƽעѪأŨüڵӡ
ǵЩȫԼÿһźģȷÿһ
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ʸȴûһѪһǴʮֻ۾ãȻؿƺЩʲôʲ
½һֻѩһ֣۾ϣһִֻӻ̽


257 
϶ھǵİն,ʵǺ޹ϵġ
һ㲻ͬ
ʱҪɨֵͨú磬Ҳ⡣
½Ůٰӭ磬д޼緢һǮ,Ҫǽŵ޸һ·ɨøɾЩ⼸ʮǮ,δֻ,֮֮
ڲ̫ƽ,ܵþЩ
˸˯²,һƴ,̱ˡ
,ǸС˵лѰǣ
ƾש˿ظ治ԶһСסĶˣ۹ҪӶۡߴĿ,СֻҪʮҵһȺˡ
úѸ,۷ߴﹾıԹ,Ҳܿˡ
кηԸ
ҡҷ,СһעǰȺηηۡ
Ѱ˸û,ÿ˿ɵһٹǮ,Ǯ㣡˵ֻҪǶ,ҪǶ죬Ƕ˵һ֪
ǵһ˲㲼˷,ֻĵһ䡣
ҪСɨǡǱʲô
Сصһ,ƾǻʲô㵹Ǵ,һǧ˿ӣ
ǵȷȥɨϴֻɨֵɨվٰĴ޸
һֵʿȫףֳֳꪣѺ޿׸棬Դ޸߾
һֽۣĿתǼۡ
ﵽѪ
ЩȻ䵽ذϣһ̲н͸ŤʱҲڵذϲͼ˲ȹѪŲ·ҪߣµһѪӡ
бϡǽϡذϡϡԼżϣģѪӡ
Ѫƻͨݣ˷ӡ
ҵѾ󿪣ҹ޼ɵس˽մѪı¾𣬷·һлᦣЩȥ˵ʲô
ʹϹսҿսϱһҲеĿġ
Ϊⲻһս
һıɱ
СѾææطԸǣЩʬ屻̧ˣҪʰɾ֪ϻæҡ
ôæҲȲеλһȺˡ
ע߲ݵģ˵ԥ
ʮͲסڳڣѲܷ
Ҳмֵһͬǰһˣʡһ
ԸЩǵУξ֮ԥ˸šһж֮æΧ˴޸
Ȼԥһʮİ½ס
һƵīȹһڵƻɢŹʣ˶ӳֻ㱶еĹ
һУճѪ䣬ȹϣȻԥŷ֣һ·߳½׵ȹѾ͸Ѫ
ЩŮŮصʬһһذγʸϸøɾ·ŻЯϻ
ȾѪ·Ž½ײĿ⣬һ䣬Ҫϴɾ֮Ϳ֬ĥܼ֮ʹá
ɱǣ
½վ̨ϣƽ
һ𣬺صȹȻܱ紵𣬵ķ˿طǰ׵ü͸ӡ
һ˿֪δѪŷ˿زϡ
Ǳ˰梣Ҳݣ½ͣһ£ǳǳسһѣ³çˣ
²³ç
ȴɱЩڣҲ½ʿˣնԬ̷򱱺֮⣬½һصɡҪϾԬ̷ź͵Ŀܡ
ԥã½£ҪÿվԬ̷׾ѣѡҲҪַʽ
ļƻۣ㲻ܡһɱ֮󣬻ҪͿƺ
֡ꡱǽȥɱͿڱ̬ȼıأ
½ķ涼ǵ֮ѡһ·һʲôˣһ˼ֺʹԼҲԶһݻ뾯ˡ
һŵƻʮģ
ԥסûпڣûʣûȷϡϣ½ײûô˼ֻǱεƣ߶ּҵķʽԿЩҪʣЮ½ʿ塣
㡭ǳ̾һ֪֪£ζʲô
½һ
ǸŰ梴ӳһ·ƽԭִƽԭݵŮȻҲŻһ
ѸٵػָѣǸӵҲѸ֮ʧˡ
½û̻شԥ⣬ĿתͥԺһƮҶĹ
ЩҶƬ⣬ڶѩʱѩ¡꣬һ֦ͷȻῪ֪ʲôɫĻ
һжʲô⣬Ψһֻ
֪΢Ц˵ʱգҲװ梵Ļ
ⳡѪȴϴʼһӭ磬½֮½ʮŮŮװ磬Я󣬷ڱº󣬴;ƺȣڷʱһɱϯԷ
Դ֮Ҳû˻Ÿ½˵ף෴ݰԼС޲ֹǻһ½׵䡣
ٿޣٿ޾½ץˣ
Щıɱ˵ĺ˵ҪӦԵ̫࣬ȫϾȥԹǸòʵʩⳡıɱŮˡΪ˱ֵޡ
ЩʿУ뼽ݵȷҲѳţҲ˲ǱЩ˵ӵԬ˵˼ԥԥصԬ̷ġ
ЩƽＫ棬ʲôţֻɼҾ۳ָ֤
ʹˣм½ŮϣܹһҧϡͿȥμһϯ֪Ԭ̷֮£ʵԩˣһ
ڲûиǹûԳ棬ʲô̬ȣЩʧʿ˵ʿѾ˳
Ǽܹ֤ףԥŽܵսҲᱻȸ⼸õĲбȻ˹ְ
ЩͶȡٴ˵ʿΪⳡ粨ĿȺ壬ǽ߾ܣøְ취ȥЩѾļָ⼸ң뷽跨ؽ֤һ֤ݡаʼԼ棬ԴǶǵţֻһϻƽԭӡǵĽ
֯ļȻŭӣҪЩ֮ҪԼһףǽΨһĲöǿڡ
ԬҴҲǣ̫Զˡ
һе󣬿ȡ˷֤ʣҲЩ֤ݣؾѾɱ׶֮⣬Щ嶼ܵĳͷ
һֱ˼ңûȫۣϳ˱ȥߵһŹ˰ְ֮⣬ûκγͷ
ЩճĹְѸٱЩʿռݣڱγһʮԹȥʿ˺ǵԹЩڳУǱչٵʿˣչٵʿԹЩֶΣΪȡǶǵʧʿˡ
ּ򵥴ֱǳķ滻һҹԱҲյøһЩ
һƽԬ̷ҲڽҪʼʱһϢ
½ıѾ˻ֻҪǻڽǾͿԻָϸضĲˡ
ȻҪٶȿһ㣬ΪܲڲϻС桢Ԯ
˭Ҳ֪ܼضá


258 
ˮӭӡ
µòһ,ʱ˿ƣʱϸСֻ꣬Ҫĵ㼸ʱ,Ǳˮݵ·ҲһƬס
ﻹǿһ,ǿ޶޲ˡ
һŲȽȥ,,γʱ,Ҫֱ,ÿһҪ´
ð·,߲ģȻ߲죬ǾͱӸеˡ
ӾѹһЩdeng һ,뻴Ԭͳ,ͱȥˣȻûйģĳҪɹȻͲˡ
˾Ǵ£ҵĻԶЩ,ʿܶһͲߵľɷˣʿֻܿԼı,ĬжǰС
żʿž͵,Ѳߵ֣ҽΡòأͲӪկʱٽƣ,ֻܷڰ峵,Ӫʱ,ЩʿӪо,˹ӣþֻܾ͵ߡ
Щʿ½Ĵƺ࣬ΪǴ˸·ȫ˶ܾ⣬תҪϡ
ʰúܾģϯּ̺ӣͷɿֱɣҲԿͷš
εرԼ
Ӧʿͬʹࡣôʾ
ˡôش
ʿҲˣ˵ǲҲһˮ𣿡
ҳĬһȻԸ˸ԵĻش
ͳ˧֮Σ᣿ɡ
Ѱ罫أٴǿͬС̫ʷȡ
񽫾Ըʿͬʿ࣬Ǿ·ϲʣСӣеɣҪǽ·ƽЩ
Ţ·ûκμƣ̺Ӹܼٵֻڳһصϵ£ҶߣѾǱĸˣߴߴʲôأ
ڳﱻߵϰ£Ż½ڷˡ
Ѿ֧֧࣬˵ͷǣͦá
ǴҰοһ׼ȥæġ
Ǹһ£סߵһױпڴ𣿷ˮ֣
ױһѩһҰ׵Сͬ飬ҡҡͷ
һ̰ɣ˵ǰеء
ǰ棿һ£
ʵϺʱĺĺ̫һʱһĴСȺбȽһƸ
λݵĻƺӾڣһ·£ͬӺݡݡԥݡһ𱻻ƺӳ˸ϡãӲǳһΪ
ȻƺӶỴ뺣нǧʱ䣬ƬؿҲһƬʪؼСˡ
˵оģʽôǵģʽΪֵطûʲôˮ˵·ѪСһǹܹġ
ʪֻҪһ̣·ЪϢһ̣ѰЩˮϴһϴʱЬܿһˮſڽ÷ʷ֡
ʿѾ˾飬ֻҪЬӣĴһЩˮξͻᱻȥϱˮҧ˿ڣѪֹ
Щ˵ĽżʪصˮӪʱҪͷףõڶ죬ЩʿĽѾȾóͷӣЬҲȥˡ
ӪҲƾձģʿǻĴѰľ֦Щʪ֦ڻϿһˮ֮ټָÿӪ
ЩѣǲܿԼ·ٽһ˫ĽŷڻߣСĿһ
ݣҡ
½㿴֮´һ
ǶЩľ
ƣѼ
ҲöЩľ񣬡˵ලǣÿһӣÿһУÿһʿҹǰˮϴ壬˵ĵطϸǡ
⣿
˵ĵطϴ׼ظȾ˵ĵطǲϴҲó涣ҧ
֮⣬ЩʿֱӴӳˮȣطԸǾ˭ںȺˮǳˮʹʮӣ
ǣ
ٴȻǵҪһָؾգٿǵǴأ˴ʳࡣ
ʿÿֵܷһżһɣ࣬ѱʿǲܲСżʿὫЩ̳ӵʿؽȫȽ˶
Ļʳ޷ʿǵʿģԭҲҪΪÿһ˶˴ʵͣǸдǿԴǮǣԴȣйһ·ࡣ
ΪսҴݻׯҲʲô׵ĵطһƽûеס
ЩʿֻܴһһԼѾģֱԽĹ硣
ԭļƽԭڹ꣬ȥݣǵأǵĸĸ޶Щأ
ЩС鳤Сʲҫ˵Դ˾˹֮󣬸ٻԼȥʱЩƲǵֵͬҲЯҴڵظѽ
˭֪½£˭֪ʤ˭֪ͣ˹õ׳ĸţ
мȻС½̣زķϣҲҪǼҵŮǹ͵͵ģ
ףɹҲɹǵĸĸ޶ͷϣЩǸ
ʿǴһһ濾һС½ҪǺȵˮȻĵؿˡ
ҵ뵱͡
ߣĪɵ˲ɣ⼸սµͣǹʮҲˣλҪԼȥʲôͣ
ǲҪЩͣ˵һؼңһҵ޶𣿡
ոʮҵպȻһ̡
ʱ˵ҰĸĿѪַ֢ˣΪЩۣҲ֪û꣬ûת
Ѿˣ֪ǲĸƽٳʱһΪ˼䡭
̫ɽ̾
һϱ˾񣬡˽£ӪϢǽЩʲôһһ˵ģζģ
ţóһ
ԶԶԣҶӾûϹ㶯ˣ
ֻѡƳɵûʲôõ湦Чʿʱ򣬸ó֮ȷʱȫȻˡ
ỺƮתһ䣬ӪկƮˮ뵵Ʈ岨ĺˮһ·űãҹĻȥ
ûгʪŢˮûб鲼óףûյ֡
ܹ͸ƬҹĻСĵƹϵ̩ɽչ¶ǰıݴء
ǵļ԰
֪ʱ˺Žģ˸衣
ˣɺ޴
ǿ˵λС½վӰĬעһĻԵ佫˿ֿ˿ЩڴŽģӦ͵ʿ
Ҫҳȥ
أ˵ǳúܺ
ʿ
û˵𣬡˵˭֪Ұսʤ˭֪£ܲȱ͡
ΪܹʿȡʤֻҪǰڣʿôƣҲҧظ
֧˳ѰݶʱߣٴȻͣǿ˲ʲڻˮߵĴӪ
ս֮ȻԲ̸׼ڽһȫʿǶɡ
̫Ѿȥϡ
λɫЩ԰׵ŮԵͬ飬ڽǸʲôˣ


259 
һս֧,ǲֻһ֧鷳ģ꣬෴,ôҹҹ,,͸˻ÿһء
ڽѾõ˻,ʿǲᰤ,ǿסڼ̵ķ,,죬ҲĴй䣬һǳصķ,ǵȷǲҪҹԼյˮġ
Ȼ,ǳûôķݸʿסⲻʲô⡣
ЩݵѾȺӵظ˳ȥսһˮں
ǵĺڽΪ,Ҫɿ,ҷԲʮﶼҪҰ,ÿһյÿһݣÿһҰΧڵĻ¡
Щͷ²Եúܲÿֻһϡ,ҹֱòϯס,˯,ЩȲʱࡣ
ǲֻµ,ֻ£ֻľȻô̵ľͷҲмޣʱʱܼеľֲڼ๤Ƥиֻֻȥ
ڵѪ죬׹ɭɭѾʲôϡ£ǵ˫ҲȾȻһ˫ָ߸ߵٽһϷڡ
ؽȺм䣬Ϊ
ÿһ峿ӪսӪж̧ʬ壬ͳһߴʣµģŵȻҪڼලʿǵĿ£ӹ̳ǷĹ
ɱ꣬ҵľʵܲʺ˹ۿڽһ˿شһȺѲӳǷ޽Ρ
Ⱥһһ߻߽ͬ飬ͬҲھӣֵܵʬ̧ϰ峵ĬʱڽסվԶϸؿһ
ˮǱ֯ò㾫ϸѾЩ¾ɵĶ˳ŷŶͷһ·գٴ°ɵϡ
佫ʲô鶼ûУƺûбֲֻ̫õĶŭҲûжЩҵͷ²аͬ顣
ߵƫһһʬƺе㲻ģǰСĵؿһۡ
ʵǾɣ˴νüȡǣֲٻǽǼ̣αػ
𣿡ڽĿ΢΢һ£תǳء
ûصһһغɣÿһ㶼ʮ־ģôõҲδһתǡ
㹻
½ڽ˵ͻ
ҶڽԣǲЩ²һ㲻⣺
Ƿ۵糸һ·Χ½ֻܳ;оٴһ·ߣԮ
ݾռ˼Ƶģôֻռһ˱ˣȴسһ˵Ĳ֮أȻһ㳤;Ϯһ߱ȻʮΣա
½ȥԭһҲеҪİΧȦԮ
ڽͱڻǴ˼֮ƣ໥ԮȣΪסһ֣˵ʳݾĶӡ
ʳģʱȴ֪
ĿǣڽͬԼҵĻЩÿҪԵʳͷ²ͱð
û½ǰֱɱЩ˵ġ
ڽǵĿЩڣĿףֻʣһȴҪһ˫Ѿзϵ˫ȥȥɨ
һ̵ˣ룬½ҪɾԼȴԶЩ˸ɾ֣òأʹȥֱһֿ̣
ĥĥЩˣ
Щ²λĽЩʲô๤ľʱǹڡſȫޣͬҰһ㣬Խ
ڽ̾һش߹
뻴ʮ
½Ҳڿʵ㼫䣬һ˸еġ
ԹӣϯϣȲ裬ˮĳһŬסšһšԼ·ĳ嶯һ߼껴ǸеĶ
ܱ侯ô˵ɳɢѲߣڽֿ˷Բʮľٻзݣûаգ˲޿ɲأ޿ɱܣ
ͺȱ¡
Ȼͦȱ£һϵؽ
С˻ðǰһۣܴ˵ڽ˼ĺСȻԶЩԼĪ࣡
˴
·ĺǼǵõģڽڳĺǿ֢ǹ
ֻߣֻһ
һ硣
½Լݵĳ˼ѹùһֻղ豭ִӺﵹһЩζϵȲ裬ǰơ
ȵ裬һ۳Ǹеŵġ˽Ĳ軹𣿡ı飬æּһ䣬ȥͣ˳ҸױһԶ廹оһˡ
ǣ
Ų豭Ȳ˱ĸȲƶ̫һ
ɴȥչսмƥս˱ˮùĸɲݺкڹǺϴһ㲻ܺӵζԼҲʶˣһڲͷ£װûдڸУ
̫ʷȴѲӪһȹһּϣʼȵڶ
һ춼ţּμӻĲҪůů֣żһʱҲװԼζʧЧˣ
ֻһƷ裬ǴҶ
Ʒ˲裬Ҳ֮ҽĻ
ǣ
ܹ²ߣе㷢ڽɵĺ̫ˡ
ɺ̫ʷȻ࿴һۣе㲻мҰڽ彫ӡ
Ҳϲηҵĵ֣ô˵ҵˣ¶һڽּɵֲͶĵ֣Ҿú鷳
ֺһڲ裬ô˵
еԥһûͬ˵𡣡
սѾܸӲˣعսֻӲ˵Ҫ̽ŹǿүһʾıȵǡѰ˵ҲǲУǵıԵõ䣬ҲԻԮܵ¹
ⳡ쿪ʼսµʿϵ˵ľѾʮƣƣñʤʱ˷ƣ˲Ǿ޷˷ġ
޷ЩȽͣ۰ݵʿƴһǽĻ档
һ֧ǿҪǣʿʻﵽһ˵ĳ̶ȡ
ıܱ󣬶үҲһ
ˣСӣڽ˳־ıʿҵ뵽һƣһԡ
Ԫֱ뽲һ
ΪҪ򻴰
ȻΪڽܲٻΪǣֿס˹걱Ԯĵ·
˽򻴰Ϊ˴µĲܲٱ

ڽڻһ߱鲼ר

ˣβһ֧죬ҡڵƿֱӱأЦڽش˳ǣΪϵµסع³ǲԸأ϶ػأϮֵΣ
ڽһ֧ƿǳأ򱱶ȥıʱǻŻǣȴܲٵʹϵ֤ȷʵ½ٵ̷Ըʿ׷أ
һؽٵ⣬еоٵʹǳǣҲеоԼʱѡ¾롪λЩͬ¾ǣֻҪƿ˻һߣ½˵ǵǻصӪǿԵõصݲԼԴ
ܲٸһеסһڲ֮¼潻ĵֿ²ˣλϵŮԥ˺ܾã˵ͷһľľΰɡ


260 
֧ձõ,˭ָôߣвͬĿ
½ú鲼ʪ,ı߳ȥ,ڽıȻҲѽʲôֱ֮ڽƵϷ,Ӻ͵Ϯ֮ĵǡ
ȻûбֱΣգټڽľ,Ȼ
Ǵ̾ͷ
һڽͽǧǣ̫ʷȡ
սз,ڽ,ؽȡ˻񲻸
ǹ˵ģ಻֮,αģ,һʲô
ˣҲû
ǵÿһ䣬ҵȫˣ
ҵתתȥһ£ȫȻûںʲô
Ӫǧˣ̫ʷԭΪֻҪŶ߾Ϳ,е㲻,һ£ѡЩû˻һЩ״̬ҲһЩʿ
ʿǴŰƾɵĲ,Ĭؿ,̫ʷ,ܲŶ߳Ӫկ
ǵӿƣɪ,תͷһӪǳ,˾Щʿȷ״̬Ҳ
½ĸʹͣЩҪݣҪʯ·ҪһһأҪڳʱһӣ
ȫǲģĲ˵ͲǱ֤Щʿ¶޴ֵĻЩӪڿդĹߣЩͩԷļһܣҪװš
һٿ۲Ļƣ˷ٶĲϣҲòü·
ɪ£Щһڣ˹첲˹ȣ˸ɴ¶ϰҲôĬС峵ˡ
شòֻ࣬вʮݣվߣһ£Щӵʱ򶼿Զ
أȻ˵Щأ
һۡ
ݣѾͬ˵ˣ΢Ц˵ȴڽҰʮ⣬ֻҪһߣдׯȹ»£ʱǱԸ顣̫ʷڣҲûΪЩ򡣡
˵ͷǾͺá
˵һ䣬оƺûʲôٶˡ
̫ʷ˱ģɵԶԶظں棬ȻʲôӮڽȫӦѡ
ЩʿغɫӰȥģһۼԶ뵵ˮΪһ塣
Ҳе䣬ҲûȬԵʣܾԼʲôطԾ
һ֮ƺʧȥɫ
һ·쿪ʤƵϸ߸迭о;ҲԵʲôࡪҪӾٵʿ׼ͳһһ㣬ƽʱöȻͨʿԱľϸȻܵһϤĳٶۡ
ǲģ顣
ʿǲժʪҰϴɾװ͹ֻһβ㣬Щԭζϲʳ･ʧζ÷ƿɳ¡
ƺҹݳУҲܲѵĳҹڸ֮ϵĹ⻪
Ӧûʲôϵ
ֻԺڼžһ㣬еЩӦ
ǰѼҡǱªһ棬ܣҲ֪˼ĺУݵ˳˯֮УӴûٳһ
ӦվӵľӪȴԼįˡ
ļžûгܾã̫ʷȺɶ뿪ĵϣʿͨ˵Ԫֱƺ£оѰ
ʲô¡
Ծһ·ʱ̫æûԼҵĲ߽µһ˵ϴокȵĲ費
Ȳǲʲôò裬º͵˵ʿЩ
һȻһ¡
ֻһȣλıʿ˵仰ƺ˵ûףʵлԽ˵
Ŷ
˵˵ΪʲôҪ˵ֲأĻ˶ôί
Ҫǰ߼룬ǳȺҪȲʲô
ûУΪҲû˵
ǸǴ԰һԼҵĺò
ʿһһ룬Լһ롣
λʿŲ룬Сĵغһڣƺеܵգգ۾Ȼſڡ
£ս²ϣһֱδѰ̸
ʲô̸
ưһ£Ҳֻһ¡
λְıʿʺõÿ¡
Ѱ죬治ɫ˵ҾýǸʱ
Ϊʲôأеɣʲô
Ľݡ˵ıɱȺף̸䲻ɣܵöЩԼǡ
ʶش˴
βˣ˵Ҫˣұˡ
һۡ
Щƺ˼ء˵ǵݣ
ǽߺ񣬳ˮܲΧǼѲõģҲģ˵йڣױֿϷȨټ𶫺ϣ䶫ԿΪԮԬ빥ǲ׵ġ
ЩﷴؼƽϣʱҲûѿڶˡ
һ
Ǹ˼ܣ˼ȫ֮ˡ
ñ˿佱еΡ
Ҳս£˵ֻҪҲϵȡʤܻƲԣ׵ʲôأ
˼·ƺȻǳȴ׳һܲص⣺
Զλϲʲô֪𣿡
һ
ʱһ֮䣬ÿÿӪпʱϲŹĴȥԣ˵ܰԵġ
ţԶأ
ȴչս֮⣬ľǳ˵Ĵ۲˵Ҫ˸ҲǺϲǶϲӴס
ǽأʵʲôԵģԼĿģ
ǶݵģΪ˵Ȥһʧˡ
ҲֻʣһյЦݡ
ûʲôãܳʳҲãҲã˵ʥ˲˵ɳɴӣ־ֲɼô
̾һģĪ˵ʶʲô֣·ߵ̣ҲȽЩġ
ٴмҲǾ˿֡˵·ߵ̣ǲɣ֪ġ
ϵЦȫʧˣ΢΢ŵüͷԼһزߵȫþˡ
Ľ˲ϯ׼һµʱ򣬴ͻȻ˽
гرڽǧԳж׷̫ʷ
վȱؽУȥհկ̣ϺΧڽ
ǣ
һƺռƻչ
Ȼʣµı࣬ҲƣҴˣڣһܻڽ֧үԳûǣû
ŵʱҲ˲룬Ĭһ׼뿪


֪ǵңЦЦҲΪʲô¶ģֻǡ
ֻʲô
ֻһ̴ЩˣȴЩ⣬һ·֮ͬҲֳֻԪ
ȴ֮⣬Գ꣬ÿһأǵͬ·ˣҪǻ˼ʩǿס䲻Ҫдֹ̡¶ĸо
ȼֻ߶ͣʿŰգΪ˹ȡ£ǵжƺòģĻؼ䲫
ĵ·ȻԽԽۣرƣ
Щ˵߿ζǲ׼˵ġ
ƺһ˲е뷨
ǿǲҲһ˲ɢˡ
𣿡΢Ц϶ǽˡ
ôˣ
ʹ뽫ԣôǰ
λʿ۾Ȼº͵΢ЦȴᶨͬɽͰ㣬һ˿Ҳҡ

š²£ڡ
ģε˵뽲ʲô𣿡
˵кñ֮ļ
ҲǷʿҲƺЦˣȻ֮࣬ԣܿ׼ˡ


261 

ܹΪ,Щʿʥս
ܹսʤһľ
һһӪǱƽԭϣڼŲͬ,򶫽ͤܲٵɫͬٵĺ,ѹı磬ÿһ˵С
һƬ̹Ǻŵ˴ʱȴȫȻ׺ݵ,һɵƤ,,һıʿˮѲӡ
ҪӪԲ鿴һµƣҲҪ侲һԼ
ػӪĲս,ʿɲݾ£,,ǰϡ
ûʲôֵܵĲܲ˵ΪĴӵ,׵һ,սսĺĺԨֵܸ׽,ȱٵұۡ
˶ݵͷ粡,һա
³ǰʱ,ܲٵɫȴӲûһ˿һı仯
Щͷ,ӷ,ͳε֧,ֵܵģѪξ,ǳ˺ξһˮԡ
ǸмˣŵʪĸϢˮ֮ϣʬ廥ײ
ˮԣʮɱŮףʹЩҲֻһ˫˫ŭ۾עĿ˳źˮһ·£һȥ
һ·ܽܣǲܽܵĴۣµһ̣ˮԴһ̣䡣
ָ˹ꡢϡС·ԮһҪµģ
ֹֻݸԴԴԮ
ֹֻЩϷڲҪǵİա
ܲûˮˮˮڣŶˮΧ
ΧסһǺܲףҪϵطֳȥ½ЩǰԮĿ
ݵİյ˿յԴԴϵأСأЩСƳˮԣЩζ£ǵʿˣǳŵǭס
ܲ
һΧĹ³ǣЩʹҲݾ֮ʢ
ʹǿݱǿ׳ļơѵ˵ǰ¾֮ôͱ𣿣
ôѵǲ֪ݾʵҪʲô£ƵĳУѰ·
Щǭ׾Я׵ظˣ
ʹ˵Ǿ͸ȥˣ
µĳץʮգЩģģĿȫǵС߶£ҲŵʪˣȴҪ˵ĻǸʲôãųŷǽʲôãЩƽΪسǵսޣÿһ춼ҪҪȣǽǣѵ֧ʮݲɣ
Щսˮų˳ĶӣǱ˴úܽҲΪڣҪȡůҲΪо£ܾܰЩ
ǾСĵ̽ÿܲٵȥֻܲҽɢӿ˶Լ󱳵һʳ˶ĸĸ˶׵ĶŮ·򣬵ײײֽŲõӵĴУӵڼȿ־֮£ˮ֮УˮȻȥ
ȵƵǣĳХȥʱЩƽֻؾһһŻԼ˵֣һ뾡һа취ҲҪǡ
д˼α֮£޾޸֮Ĳç˵֮ܲߣעһĻֻ̰αձΪƣʱ֪ĺˮߣΨһҲ
ֱʱܲٵĿȻûд֧ĶջأúϸĿﲻ˿ķŭɱ
дͣؽϣ˽ڡ
ٶȲ죬İնԣǱˮн
Сģ·ڲ࣬Ҵţȴǿš
ʼûͣ
ܲԶԶؿ˺ܾã³һ
£ҵ֣
ʲŵؿһ϶ѰҵЩĶܲѾĿƿˡ
̩ɽΣʣûж𣿡
Ѿɳȥˣ갰ǰԬĻ¸˵ӣǲġ
ǵü̽Щ˸ͬǰͲһˣ½δʱҲġܲٺȻ˵һ䡣
һ㶡
ȼΪβ£
ʵһ԰˵ֻܲǸпһ䣬˵ʲôעһˡ
С淽Σü׿лô
չεĽ飬ܲҲһŸ㣬ʮУһʱһ¡ȻЩٵģҲѾڱ˴Ѻĥɾˡ
Ϊ˹ܲٵȷŵֻҪͶ׳С棬ԼŵԷŹȫ
ǷͽС֮ѶϢʼͼԮʧ֮Сͽ˳ţûͽ͵ܾսҲû׳Ͷ
ʵϣСڡ
ڲܲٱʱ㽫еıųԼʮˣӱޣ·갺Ķһ·ȥ
ڽʱ򵥵ػһ·Ǹɾģ뷢ĳûа취򵥵˵ʱµشüۡ
Ǻ˵ĵطҲǭòףþͺܲʹڳЩȥӻҪƺܵǰδбصĸо
ָڱĸƺס佫һۣһɵÿһ峺󣬺覴ãĺǶ뱦ʯѾԭǸĴսºͬˡ
һ̣еĲԤлΪʵ
׿࣬ɸɰͰ͵˵ԶҵƣΪ㡭
Ϊұʲôƣ㽫ĻضˣҴΪݡ
طпҲţܲٹˡ
ܲѾʹΣڵϦ۾ضֻнܾ
ܾȡСһ䡣
ʹд½Ϊֿѣ˼ʹĶ飬Ҳ˼С½ô
Ŀ⻹Ʈúܣܲδؾܹǹռݣҡ
Σ
ɣһ䣬롣
ġ롱ζʲôŭȻͷ͵վҪŭһת뿪ʱȻ̧һۡ
׿Զ࣬ĳ˵ôҸһҹ߲١
û׼ƿڴʱȻһӰ
ֻǶ̶һƳȴϳ޵κ
ڴ͵ֹԼʲô˼أ
ȻѸٵظı⣬Ǳͷˡ
ͷʰʮ־ϸ͸˼էƷλСյ󵽰ոµģŮҲòȣֻλʿû˼ͬŮЦʲôݲϴһԼ󣬱ȫ¡
ȵ֮󣬽ҪʱκȻˡ
ŹΪʹһ·ˣλҲ˲ٵ佫Ц壡
ǲҳƸģһһ洧ɫȴ˷ȴĺ
ʱκлһ˿صòõ
ǽôŹʶȻЦŹΪνղ㾪
д󶨣Ͷ·ȱȴϹۣκиң
κҿһۣʮ־ֽ鿴һȦȷˣֻԼӺ󣬲Сڡ
ŹˣȰ̸壬ҽ֣ʱס˽ţһһ⣬ֻȨƣοȥԮݣܲ٣
֮ҲףĶ½壬ѵȸ
ҵΣ
κ۾һ׺ݶĹ⣬һŮ빬УֵĶһˡ
Ȼֻˮȥݣȷʵǲ򣬵ֻҪ뷽跨Ųܲٴݿ֮ʣȥݲ͵ˣȷԸģ
ٸһ£ܱܲܲٺߵ˻ʱܲҧڲ֪κԼһ㶼ģ
ϲ˼Ƹҵα
ƺޣһһҪģĻκŴֲڶ׺ݵһ˲һƬã
Ź񣬺Ա𣬿ҡʹСôݣܸãܸðһģԥ˵һ䣬ǽлȥݡѰ㣬ѰС½һȸưɣ


262 
ó桢ˮΡĻ,ƬʪǺġ
«ƻֲ֪Ұݺ͹ľ,·ϴһ㣬͸ηĳȺǽƣЩľм,Ե÷ʷ,Ӿ׼϶ȥǵó̡
Ƭɫͷ׵Ĵм̵ĺ,ڳ峺ףϦâ̫ʷ룬ǲо,,жôأ
죬Զ,һչգЩչɵĴһൽĽǰ,ЦһЦ
ƺѾܾûЦˣ԰ס򶨡侲ͬһȴ̲Ÿһǿѹ
żǻǸС,ĺӵĿ꣬Ϥú,ҲΪݵĸıʲôı䡣
ƽԭʱ,ʱ,ƺҲģеٶֺۣɣоֹ͸һɡҲǴ㲻ֻ˵ʱģСð㡱и
۶һðģݺݵ׼ȱһʵСһ˵ָҪϽȥ
ƺ´£Ͻ¿ݿʲô۸ʲô۸ʵʲô۸
Ҳ½㡣
ǸϤĽ
̫ʷȴǧ߳ʪأʮʱҴҸˡ
ڽˣ
ѾͨĴ·ϣʿǿϵҲڽɺԡ
ոòβأϸƺЩѾڵ棬ȴ֪ũ˾δȥˡ
ԶЩֻһƬƬĹ֣ѶϪ£Լڵƽ߾ͷĸɽ󺣡
Щӵģ˵㺵Ļ̼ɢ١
̫ʷȼһ뿪֧неĳӣ괦˹ȥ
Ƭ֮˻ȥ󣡡
ǣ
У̫ʷ֣һȥѰԶĵƱ֮
ǣ
̫ʷѡԭܼ򵥣̣ܶڽһĹô̫ɽǰͻ׷
Ȼ̫ʷȻѡԼӭеս
ѡڸߵ·Ҳܼ򵥣ֻ֧вûʲôȻǹҪʾڽǵļıûãнǧһߵͻϮ棬ڽľ
ʹĿŴҴҳˣҴܳʮأһѱٻٵĴׯ洦ҵЪϢĲݾ
̫һ磬ߵôݲȣУںƬϽҪʲôսж˽Զսϱҵȥ
ڳŸ̫ʷ֮˶һ˲侫ӣææµµ
ȴõĲݾѸٵسˣҪһȦڽƬ꣬һֱ¡
̫ʷͳ֮ҲûеƬʱ䣬ʿƬսҪʿǿľøһˣ˷Բͬؽ̶סɼª¹ǻס
ʿææµµʱԶ㴫ˡ
ŽôѸ٣
ʿǽͷӶȻģǿǲǲ֪
죡ж̴غֹסǣеϮ
ʱش̶һһؼ
ڽĲôô͵
׼ҵһߵأ
Щҵʼ֧ĻͻȻϣ֧ˣжȣÿһ˶ֳãϳʱͬһѪȵĿ磬̼ɢ̫ʷڽʿ
ǵķӦּݣֱƱΧ׼üػ֮ʱЩɢӿˣ
ڽĲûиϵ޷ݱɱˣʹˣȻһľҴʿ
ֱɵĲϵʱЩȻͬᵽѪһ㣬ΧݾĸԶȥ
ԶҰͷݾưƬϡ
ⳡսҪ˫ٽиĽǱ˴˺׶ԷͼȽۣսģǰƱں󣬳ꪻñ࣬ض¹Ǻ󣬵ȴŲ֪ĸ
ߵӽҲص֯ʱưľгһӵ֣һֳƣڱյļ꣬һкȣͬ۲磬ǰ
ǵٶô죬Ҳ׷ǵĽŲٽʮʱ˶ƣųЩ˺Ĺ
Ƕʹٵĺ׵һŹţγʱһѪһ磡вһ㿳ǰ⼸֮˵̼㱻Щ׳˶ѡʿ˼ССĿӣ
任ٴҪ֧ӽ֮ʱڽѾǵǰ
Ѿ󳷣һһĳì˹Ǽ꣬ȴȼأѹЩ֮ĳì̴Ҳʲôϡ£
ڶŵƱҲҽŵʱƬս̼ǱĳλҪżİ壬ɿ̧ʱһƬһƬѪ⽦
ֳֵָվо㱣Ĵ֮£ԾһעƬս
̫ʷ಻֮ޣָһָǾܻˣȻάֺ͵ݾϧϾǿ֮ĩ
Ͼ½
ڽȻ΢΢һ£Ǻƽ
Σ
ЩʿֱȻݱ
Щʿս־ǿ㳲ݱͬڻ£
ЩʿƬغϤݱҲѾǵƬˣ
ݣǱ˵Ĺ˵ļ԰
ս˭˭壬˭¸ˮֻ˭ãôȥ
½ҲҪĵʵ̫ˣȻͻĻ̣żЩȥʿҲ絶ʰɡ
װ̫Ķôȵù
ڽ֣սܵҲܹ齫Ҳ޷սʤĶ֡
ôΪʲôأ
ںںҡ֮翵ĶЩʿǹĴһǮֵ
ѡǷ񲻶ȡʤҲԼǷ񲻶ȡʤ
úܼӣŮɫʴӲ˽ûκΰá
˲ϵսϵػʤϵػܷ֮⣬󡪡ôܸܰ½
סһ
һܻݾĲҲˡ
սֳܻʤܿóݱֻҧ֧ţͦסһһĽ̫ʷҲòս󣬰νɱ
ȷһǿУѹȸвİ
ĿתƵڽ֮£뵽һսͬڽ򣬵ȴ˼ΪϤĸо
ڽʿֹʮȷʹɱҲӵȣʲôʱǰƽʲôʱͣƱʱǰ˺ʱꪱ뷢һǰٽһ
κθıûйϵ¶ģڽԼ֧ӵƿ
ÿһܹѸشȥÿһʿܹڽҪķӦ
ɵӡֻи˳һ㣬˳Ӫǧˣڽ֧ǧ
ʹָ


263 
½ȹһ,ҪȥΧڽ
ͬҲûд̫ء
Щض˹Ƭ˳ʵļҲ˹ϣҪԵ¼Ҳʲô
ڽڳɿĻҲһ˹,֪,ҪƷݵ,ЩɸߵĹеҲû취дϣɽԽ룬սʪصġ
뿪֮ҪĴȥľɾеĹƳݳ͹,ͬʱҪǳذΧסŹ,ؾӶų,ɱ,ֻҪЩȻһѻҲǾѪѹߵġ
ǲܲٵľӳٳûȫΧԭ֮һ,˿ͬ˹½ǰ
˲ŲòƶļƲ,Ҫڽ
ֻҪڽƣôسʿȻʿ,ǱԲ,»ص
ʵʲôʵ,ڽǰոùһΡ
ʿʾǼ𹥵ݾ,һ,˳ȥ,Ҳ,Ҳʧˡ
ôһ,Ψһڽ͸ʿһһ
ƺˡ
ȴаγ֮ʿǿ죬ŵĬظּ·
в֪ҶƮ£˹ضѻ·ߣʿǲȹʱЩ԰ףƵҶӱһ˫˫Ь·ɳɳ
սڶǰ棬бȻ˯
ʧȥս֮½øӽСģҲעܵĶ
ҰѲסʲôũ˵ĲݶҲѾٻ٣ЩǴȱڸס˼ҵʬ壬Щڽʵģ͸նĴӻܿƮƮӰ
Ȼס
ˡ
ָָʮ⣬һѳεɽ񱮡
һ̧̤ѾҰ䣬֮ıһС
иССһ͵Ӱӱ˳رҰȥ
Ҫȥ׷ˣȻһ
׼׷ϣæ˻о;֮ˣԭô飬Էм䣬ιʷ
ˣǱڽȥģ˵ڽ֪ǵĶݶزһͯôһصͯ
Ϊβܣ
㿴·ľ󣬡ָָԶЩսĺۼ֪ˡ
ҲʱسĬˡ
·ɣƽƽ˵УȡЩǿбϡ
ߵúԶսжʮʱ컹ȫˡ
ǴϢܺãпɽܣڽǧɰԲѽ̫ʷȵʿΧסҹ޷ֻ̣ܸӪϢûʱںͼ򵥵óӰڳɷ£
̫ʷȾ·磬ȴʼάסߣڽҲû̫õİ취һƣֻЪһ
ڽضҲ֪˽ؽ˱µһڲݷζͨ˵Ž뽫ʾ£˵У
ӪϢһ°ɣ˵˵Сҵһ롣
ӪʿǻϢҪ֧ҪˮҪҪĴѰЩҰҰȻ׵ģʳϡ٣ֻɲˣֻ˵ǿҪֻܴɵĽ͸ˣ򲻵ĻּһѽҲɰ
Щʿææµµ֧ˮЩϴϴ̵ʳһԵӽȥȻרעضڵʲôУ߲ˣҰɣ񵰣㹻һ˳Եһֻ
Ϊ˹ƽЩеϡ飬δƯˮϣʿʦͨضѧˡӳסļɣˮһ̱㼱͵Լ׼Ҩȡ
Ȼ˶ҨʵҲ̲پˣһɢо;еƣۡ
ʿĻʳȻࡣ
һֻ𳣬Ӽֻ𳵰һһ
ݶĻʳһǳߣĴѲһθڡ
Ҷڼоڽ̫ʷȵıû취һȫɿӪأҲһֻóӽӪΧٿľЩª¹ǰڳ
Ѿȫˡ
ӪʮӣֻҪ߳ȥܸ̾ܵϢİ
ԶҶڷҡҷˮֻԶҲûʲô˼ҡ
վںӱ߷һȻתͷȥ
ôôأ
ǸСԴʯͷСĵ̽˳
ڼϴ˿ԳΪɣĸϲΪܣѽܾԼѾǸصӺˣǻǻΪ಻òЬĸ
ʯͷϣʮҵСкеţ˻࣬ҲҲصֹ
ʵ⵽ʲô˵ıʶֵģһͷɿܵˣŵ˲ãûʲôԭøˡ
߹ķʱǿ鱮ţƺʲô
ǼֻἫˣµıӱǳС鲻˵һʺޡ
ǵһӣɾˣһС飬ʣµĲڻܳԺüأ
ĸĸأʵ
ҮͰֱ׽ȥ˳С˵˵Ҫ
ĸأ
̶㶵ؿſһ촽ţҰĸ
ǸӲ֪ô˵ȥϴӵ۱ʲôﶼ
̾ˡ
֪ˣº͵˵ջǾͻᱻǶ㰢ҮͰֶġ
ģ
˵ͷ
ǽΪʲôȥǣΪʲôҪϣ
ȫҵڱ棬˵ҵôҵʿ׷
׷Ǹеʵظһ飬ˣȴȻ׷
ǵġ
ǸӴСʣȻһҪѹ֣ȴ޷ѹסĺ
Ǿǳοˮ
ΪʲôҪǸڿУڶ϶⣬ΪʲôҪɱҰĸΪʲôҪҰҮͰ֣ΪʲôҪǵķӣ
ЩʵáҰشڽڻǸκΪоƽ񣬲κιҲõϵĲϡ
ʱ˵㻵룬ɱɱģЩΪӦȥ˶ѡЩǲһʵͽֵأĸ޶ũˣûԼ벻ҵȥڽں
ԺҲˣ˵Ǵǡ
ǾҲˣǸСкµ˵Ѿˣ
˫Ϊûʲôȥ۾ڱߵضȴ˵ʲô
½Ĭ˺ܾá
Ҳˣ˵ݣҪ±ҪͺЩĻһһԭе̬ǲݡ
СкƺűȾ䣬Ȼ̬˵ˡ
ǣǾͺãĨһ»èƵҪ·ϴ𣿡
ţţ׼˵ֻܶ࣬ǵͷ·ϴ̵ģҲ·ߴ̣ⶼһġ
ȥʮи֣Сĵ㣡
ʲô
Զӣ˲ʵ涼أأǰׯǱȥ̽ף̰棬ܽ˵棬ҲˣжΣˣöġ
Ск߶߶ؽš˲֪ŵ֪ʶһעһ˼άɢһ¡
ڽأ֪


264 
ҹ
ڳկǻ,ʱѾէϷųȺī֯Ĳ⣬һγȺɫĳϼ͸ʱ,𻻸ڵʿӭĨչһ½,ȥ߿һǲ˼β㡣ȷ˳ʳûһӲ֮,̵ȥ£ʱͬں֮С
Ҳʱ,ʿĬش,,ϲЬ,ƲȰý,ƿ,һʱ,Ļѻž죬ɢͩͽ̱ǵζ
͸ѵ̣Ļǲ뿪,Ծɾڸ֮ϣעѾѣװεľӪ
ھƣоһպʱʹġ
бǸʹˣ,޷˯̤ʵ̫ʷ,ԼߵЩʿ,ƣ;һǰδеѪս
Ǽֵ˺ҹĽ٣Ҳڽһʮֽ,Ըʮаյǰ°ҹս
ʿ췹,ʳ,Լһ֮ˮֽһڸеɣҲЩѴɱ֮Щ˿иϡӽ˹
һѪĭȣѳԼˡ
ʿǳԵýζЩѪĭҲϧһȥЩǳԲζģ˭Ҳ˽ر¶
һٷʢĳʳ˼ٵĴս˶һ⣬ͶܳһҲͶһֻİա
ӣϱǵǲæ̳Եֻһһڻ
ʱԵ̫ɲСͷӶ
ĻϨеʶװڳϣʿǾ죬׼ʱ½ѵõͣ
лҪǽ˵ҪڽԭΪ˲˷ǧ̫ʷҪȥڽǻ֮ȷǿ
󣬵ƽߵľͷһĨŨص졣
ʿǳĬؿǵĽ֧ʼоĳͬеľһֻɳɳž
Ҳ˶ѣ½˵ѵʤùô
ЩʿЩϻٶˣѾܸܳǿսʿɱ˲ʣͬɱڽһͬǱҵ
ǶԸ
ҪСȥСҲɣ
˵ҲҪҪǻŻصݡ


ʤ
ʤ
һԵ棬ȻһЦȥΪѰһ
ּ̫ҶƬϵ¶ˮżһ֦ҶӨ͸¶ˮҶƬĶȻ˳һ·£˸½ͷϡ
̧ͷʱֻչһּŶķһ·ȥ
ζʢϢ˷Ұޡȥ
Ҫȥķ
̫ո𲻾ãڽ̫ʷѾ򵥵ؽԼٺãڽʣǧͷս̫ʷһЩֻǧսʿʣΪƹأѾ˺
Ƭ͸ѪսʱսһһʿĽŲҲһһԽԽԽԽ
ɲ̫ʷȵ࣬龰ңֻͬ˵һ䡣
ոгţ˵಻һ̡
̫ʷ͵ؿ
һҹʿ˯Ҳ̤ʵȫߣֻȦȾһڡ
ǧսƣ֣вһ֧
ԽҪ˵ֻҪһסǡ
Ӣʮ㲵ϺȻųһɡ
ΪƬս˫Ѳߣ½㲻д̫ͬʷȽֻҪһţˡ
ڽûнȫıΧɱ̫ʷϣô򱨸˵½ıһ֧ԤӦֹܵе
вǣĳ򶼲ܽӽ֧ϸһʿòΣʿǸǵ͡ץķ²½ʿ϶ˣڽȻΪܵģʮȥ̽飬ÿһֻҪ˶ٲڣᱻ£
½߾֣
Щ²ȴֶˣ˵۽ȻҪ½˵ֻ̫ʷǶһ޶ĸ֣̫ʷȾ½ֳһ֣
ҲһˣʮʮֵİϷڽȷ룬һ²⣺
½ȻֶΣȻǾʲô
Զʿ䣬ƣѾʲôҪεˡڸʲôأ
֮ǰӻˮӪӳЩݱ˵ġ
½ˣϧʿȻȥˣ
һ̵ڣʮ죬ǱǿȻֻЪ⼸ս˲ɣ

ݱ½Ұľͷ
ʿߵò죬һ˲̫ʷʿ
ˣ
ˣ

ڽ͵תͷȥüͷ壬ע졪½Ȼȷʼδģ
ЩʿյĿսǿ֧˺۵壬ƺֻҪɻӱǰǱһһȻ£Ҳûκη֮
ֻǼ죡ЩϵѪδɺԵݱŷ޾
˻ӭǰǿУˣѪҪɡֻҪʣһѪֻҪܵȵĵǾһܴⳡսл
ڽһ۾ϸ鿴ԽԽıܿ췢һ©
½˫Ľͣ¼Ķսһ˾ʤ֣ԶûӰ෴ﵹһ°Χš
Զľ룬ڽŵӰлȻ
ŮҪҪֻǸˡ̥ո޷Ȭ
ԭǸʵСˣһ·սǿ˳ᢶҲͰˣսеһ붼ǿܳ
ˣƾʲôʿ
ҽ˵ǰ˼ǧס̫ʷȣһͬ½
ǣ
ԭԽ߾ܵΧ̫ʷȣҲԼʿءǲûʲôֿԣҪҲԺԥսʮйһ֧ȡǣ
ƭȡ֮ʱǰͷǧݸأ⿤ѾշҲھܵδΧ½ȴ
ⳡ֮սУ˭˲ڷڵ尾
ֻҪܹ½ıֻҪܹδնɱǿ׼µʿԵĴ
սһһʱڽƥ۽սҲ˦㣬ϣС
Щݱ̼ˣײЩŶǰ߻ûȫõʿϣһ˲䣬þսڽ̲Щݱ״̬ܲԾ
Ǿܿӣʿ߰ʿʱȴֻм֮ܣ޻֮
ʿУ֪˭һһ̴һڽȴӿһɾ޴ϲá
½ˣ㣬ʤùǹսֻܲơġʱ˺֮͡˵
ȱһƣһսʱĵģڽһҲ׼幫һʴȵطŹ
ľУȻҪ׷ֱ֧ǳ
׷ȥָǿʼ˵ݱȵܵ½׼ߣǮ֮ʿ
ڽξϣ۽𲯻ǾӲͣ˧һŭʱݱ۾һ˲
ƺѾʼɢ֧ȥǸڳϣŻŷųӰ
ΰΣýҪǳڷñӳƥҪܵøЩֻǲôżֵҲܲ졪
ɽһǮŹ˿լдӴһƵսˣˣҪǰˣŲ·ݽҲβˣ
ЩʿĻŭţƽʱԶ֪ﴫһ
δһȣѹţеڽȻ侲Ĵ׷Щɢݱʲôط
ƺҲȻһƬӣֻҶ񣬹ϡԶЩ谵ʿ߽ȥ˲ע⵽ҲƵݣǰ¹꣬ԵʮŢһŽȥٰγ
ⲻʲôõطڽ뵽ʿѾɢˣ׷½һƬ֮Уǡ
ǸƺһֱڳָӾӵӰԶԶһվˣժ˱ĳڽķ׼ʱҲ޷ڸסģʽʱһƬƬ
ڽڶݵطſˡ
ôԶƺǿһһ
ڹϵ֧űĹ⣬۾Ĺâһģһ


265 
커졪
,ʿҲææȥʱ½ļѾǰ˹,һһµͷ­,һƬУڶ,ˣ
еҲ治סģһ,ʿǲ,ʿ̼Ҫˣ
ڽҵҲæؾ,ʱ,ƬĴڽһ˲ȴʲôˡ
Ǹ½ˡ
,ʵ̫,̫ٵԵʡ
񳿾սʱ̫ʷֻʣǧ䣬,һлﻤɵĲ,ǲƴ,㾡ȫçضѾ̫ʷǧ˹ˣ
мɵ½,ֽ̰ΪҲǾݳǶս½,֮,½,ʿື²ݱ,Ҳάסƣݺ󳷻ػ£ؾϻ֧
ıԴΪݣʼ½жһ·Сģз̽ضҪڸЩʲôٿǵ²˵֧ƣ֮ڽȻÿļıֱǰҪݿһı룬ѵʲôԵĵط½ĵһս£ʹ±αװԬ׵ͽģƣܱսңлն˲ܺ
ֱһԣ½Сڸһˣ֤ʵеĻƶϣ
ڽô࣬ȴ뵽һ˳µҲ½αװı
ЩʿսȷѾ½ǵʿ䣬ǾܳˣȻһһʲػ๰ս
άʿĸǸվڳϣǿŮͳ˧
Ҫɱз˧ѶȲڵ죬Ϊ˧Զʮϰֳֳƣر
˧ĴҲ˴߲һܵвʿ˲
˵׷Ǹ°ȥʱڽǰҲҵȥĵ֮䣬˧ǰڶݵ¶һСƬ϶
ʸжЩɢҵʿȥʱ½ĵ֧ûм׼΢΢صһ½Ƕȡ
Ǽأָڽ
ǰ볤ƱѾǰ֧ȥһ˲䣬˭Ҳعͷǵ
ǧУڽȴ׹ߣʶҪԼһ
ܳ־Է£Щ߸ϵׯϷȣڽ߹
Ժţñ౫ļΧ˻ƽʱڽӣ˺ӭܲΪ֮սڽҲ˳˲ܲ¡
ʮĲһͣڽעѧϰʲôλãȿ̿๥飬ҲȡЩϸľ̸֮
˵ϣй乭䣬õΣ
и߹̹ȥʹ̧ͷ̧ͷŵأ
Ȼ󣬻ᷢʲô£
ڽδͷȻμ仰˧ɿ֣㻯Ϊһ⣬ƿֱʱһ˲ݺݵס
ս͵վ𣬽˧󣬶һƬ⻬Ƥë㱻ʸݺݵش͸ˣһ˻ƥ׳սǻбŷ֮ƥսֻǰʱҲվˡ
ֻҪһ˲ֻҪһ㹻ˣ
ȥڽݵش£ͬʱƥսðѪĭûȻء
ǴʧɫתԮʱڽתͷȥ
Ŀ⴩ʿµģ½µģЩ谵ľ֦ҶȻǸϡ
ĵȡƺҲգʮɵУʿǻһ
ɫƬڽİֵҲøΣ
Զ׼ƬֵҲļı֮СȻϤĵƣԼȱٽ䱸뵽֮Сڽһ˿İգ˿պܿ챻֮Ժ
Ҳս˺պյսɲǵһթŵӹţǾҲҪ߳һ·
ȥƱǰڵʸʿΪս۶˺ͣ
˵ոڽʱ½йôһӡȷǺ˳սƬУȡΧ֮ơ˿Ҳɢˡ
ڽԼ壬һҲûб¶ҡ
ǶһֶΣ֮´Գ佫侲ֶΡ
һ̹ȻؽҼŬͼѳ̵Ŀܡ
ЩʿǼѵﲽ󳷣Ⲣһ֮¡
Ҫ˫ŴʱҪþȫͬʱǻ뾡ضֵΪõ빭ֻһֽһֵк꣡
Ʋ߼ֻܵסһ棬ڽҪһƻסˣﻤסأ
Щʿڲϵϵص£ǻ࣬Ѫǵ鼸Ҫ͹ţŭţֽŲõ˧ķȥ
ǵ˧ԼΪ಻ۣͬƬֵصڴͬ½ʿսֻҪֻҪߵֻҪ
ҲãսƷҲãװĿڴҲãʲôԶ£
ֻҪܵȥ
н꣬ڲҶƬ֮䵽ʱѾһһݺӵˮ顣
һö˶ͷϣȻ̧ͷʱڱסͷҶƬȻҡ

һԤף벻˭Ҳ벻ô죬ôɣôʱ
ڽҲȻ̧ͷ½һ죬˼һ㣬㺰˳
ң֤
ң
ʤ
ʤ
ķ꣬Щʸʧ׼ΣʧȲǹؼ˭ľ
Ҫôǰһ浶ǹؾսҪôֻ˳Ƭӣڽǧϣ
ʿǵʪˣͬǰõϸеĳìꪣһⳡͻķʪˡ
ȻڷսڽߵʿԽԽˡ
û˼ĸո޷һ֧ӵģݱԽؼػָͣʹǿǱˣԲߣ
ǿУ˭ܹأʿսͬʱƺҲڳĬؿ
ǰǧɽˮһһ̣ÿһ϶ˡ
˼ֻһڼ֡
صƽԭϣǵвڽľģҲ¡
һ˫˫۾Ļ·Ҳⳡͻķ꣬
ܽڽָ˱֮󣬼ʹߣɵߣ̫ʷΧ֮¸õΣ
ıꪳɳڵֵڽؾͬʱػǣ
ڽҪζǸ˵йģ
һҹܵ
ⳡͻķ֮£ƺͻȻΪɽ룬޿ɴ
˱
Ϊϲ꣬ΪҪףֿʱ̡
һΪϤ𣬴һ㾪棬һ㳰Ū˵ʮº͡
½סˡ
ǸڼеºʧˣתΪ֮ϵİ
Ϊ֤Ǿ̤̤꣬


266 
ɫȥ,һƬƬֿݻƣԴ̵ҶƬֱش֦ͷ£֦Ҳֻε۶,˷,˳ڽս˫ϡϡϵıӡ
͡
׵ҲԽԽ,Ӳͷ,϶ʪ͸,ûʶһ㡣
ڽʿ½ʿ,ѪȵȫԸز,ֻһ˳⡣
ڽ½мǧ˵Ļս,Ӱ,飬ֻͨ汻꽽ôжŵλá
вңѾ,ͨһķ꣬ȷżʹȫ½,Ҳȵ飡
ԶԶ׶
Ʋ䴩йĹ⡣
׳ƶ,ǵҲƲҫۣȴһ˲ڽ۾
ǵں,ɫѳһǧϸܶĴϡ
ɷ䣬ηף
Ȼһ˲Ī뵽½һƺ,һΪսѾ֡
ЩԳɢĴ˵羪,һܵ,ڵĸͽ˵Ƿӽ,׵ɱаΪȱȱָƲѣƳľ
ЩͷЩĵ޻ҲʣԻƽ֮󣬸ضзʿĴţ嶷׵ͽǵʦӿ࣬绽꣬ն˷ȵȡ
κһȥЩʦŵҲ½ʲôֻͨǽȺˣϾҲֻһ˶ѣⳡǰġ˵ǰҲֻܸܣ
ڽ˺ܶ࣬ⳡսУֻһͷˣȻ䣬ֵкȻһ⣡
һεԶһ֦ҶïߴǿΪʢһ֫忳
Ȼкڵʱȴδֹͣ
ǿڵϣ˱ˮ÷׷ŵŢУ۳һ׹ԵϪţţֺƴ󣬼ž־Ȼش½ʿĽ£ⳡսǰ
Щݱ۾ҲһʱڻֺǸӰǸ뿪ĳƱͳ˧
һͻĿ꣬ս˫˭Ҳû취
ûǿҪβսʤ½
ǵͷЩͷʱ½Ѿǵǰ
Ѫȵ֮У̼ؼе׹⣡ϵȱ񽣣׵ĹԻҪĿ
ǰʱǰʿһһص£ͬʿģģҪȱڵģһ̤˽£
ʱͬսʿѾ˻ƵɤӺͺηĳӦΣǰûĸݱǰһ
վڷУΪս࣬Ųһϸۼס
ݲ԰·ʱᱻٵķ塣
Ǳĳ߳ĳھӵġ
޷ս޷Ҳ޷
һͬ٣ѹ޿ƥУ
ⳡױ£ڽע𽥱ս
ʿ𲽺ˣѾòɱά־ͣʮֹʵķʽֻάһʱûκܹתľƵľӱٶֻԽԽ졣
ˡ
ⳡͻķԭǰµռƣսֵģ
䲻ʲôҲˡⳡѵǼ𣿣ˡսϣͬҲս֣ƽ£Ϊʲô½ǰƶʧȥã
оʱ½ʱ佫֮
ĽǴ׵ضδŮɵƷͷ㣬һ˿ġ֮ʡ
ȻЩԳɾսʤ
ʹ۲ǣݶڲܲٵ佫Ƕġ
ֱ죬ڽڿ
Ʒܵõʿǭ׵ûʲô
ıȺȦףҲûʲô
ˣ򲻵֮£Ҳûʲô
½µģЩҲӵеĳڽţ
㲻֪ҪηŸѪ
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ͬȱ˵ûʲôá
ǰòʿûá
Ծȵʿʿ䣬Ҳûá
羪ףһ˲أȴ׵ȫȻͬ
ֻҪţֻҪڡϳɱԶǴ򲻵ġ
˵м֮һΪءͨвƻͨ󺺣ЩɵİڼͬģϡĹ¡
аϢ˽һء˵˵ϹʱһˣΪĸֻҪ˫ڴ֮ϣκ˶ʤ
⴫˵һֻϣΪֻľƱʣǮһڽûֻӣֻǮһĵĴš
ϣעŲƽĵоȻ½ʼˡ
ֻҪ˫ŲڴϣֻҪŵ·ûбͲǲ
ǲսʤġ
սҲڽƽ´һձ
ǣǣ
Уڽ˵УϺ󣡡
ⳡսѾˣҪȵĶ
ȷԼһսⲢΪĲңΪΪսڶԲܹҡ
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ǳأɣ޵̣ؾݴͣԲŹܹƳǣ
µʬܿһСɽ
ڽҰĹòǷԲʮûʲôܹ칥еĶ˹ֻܴرԵЩľͷ˳ƳݣƤӸʿǵϣȴɿĺٴڶϳǽ
ĳݳͬնϵؾһְ취Ըǡ
ʯľʸˮһʱ֮꣬ЩʿһһزҽŹȥˤڲ̵ĺձ˽ǧʿ
ȥǻδ£ıȴľȵڽʱ֧Զ׼
µʿǵδϵؾҲ־ǵδ
вǣڽȻҪݾԴһأ°سʵ£ֻʹЩ֮ǰڳڹĻ
Щ޴ľЩĥ̰ĹʯҪϳǽҲȷʵѱʹ๤ƤȭӣЩȻ˳ͬ
ֻҪܹȥǾͿȥ棬µǭ׺ͼ񲻶
ڹʱؾһسǣһ򲻶ϵؽҲѰһ¡
һľϳǽû̾ȥ¿һۡ
ֻʬ壬ԼϤġ
ؽƵ֮䣬໴ʶġ
ʹֵܣǺܺģӲ񣬶;ʱϲһСԡ
Լˡ
ˡ
ڳ¡
ЩʵﷴײײȥǿŲǭǻͻȻҵͬŵѪҺҲһʼڡ
ӦôһһģޱʲôûС
Ҳ
ֿȭûκζЩسʿԿǣǣҲֻһǣŮǽҲֻ߰
ʿʯƵǽߣ׼ȥʱԼҲվŮǽ԰
˫֣þȫǸʿ³ǽʱۻǵؽ£׼ػڽû뵽ܹձأת½񽣣ڹľһڣֶϵõ
ôأ
һ΢˰


267 
¶ݾ˵,Ǹеȡ
һľţأ߲Ƹս,۵ʬɽоׯʱɱũ,о·ʱɱˡΪڸǱĺۼЩȥоӪͨ籨ţǱҪġ
֮⣬ҲǹĳһĳǳأҷǴһΪܹ³ǻݱЩݱڽӳǳⷽʮ̰,˶Щƽ΢ʵġ
Ծɱ¾ԶЩʴȵö,Ϊп޳Ƿһǲ,ԼδԶְ
ΪݣҪǾԲھͿʼɱ򡪡ЩڵĶΪʲôͻȻˣ
ǾȵͬʱǸں˳£йؽ
˻Ȼ,µʿֵͬܳ,γĻ׵,ݺһͱ֮У
ֻǸ,棬Ͼս,ЩʿǼʽھ֮³ç嶯޴ı֡
Ϊµġؽܾˮ,֪ʱ,ؽҲѱģ
ʿ׵ǻаγʱ,ǰֲһš
򻹲ֻһ˫۾˵ЩʲôѪĭȴѾð˳
Ůǽ汻ȥͷµˤ֮ǰȥʿϡ
ǽݱע⵽һĻһĻⳡССҵսᣬһʼ
ǵŮǽ棬ڴʲô
ս죬½˻𣬵˲ҽУʯͷʬɽϵ屻͹ᴩʱзڿˮµҲ乭ʱƿ
ƬսϣÿһʹģÿһǾġ
ǶŮǽ淢һ
ںؽؽˣ
ؽˣ
տʼһںƺˣٺŲҽ˴򣬲һʱʿ³ǽ
쿴
ڶսĹҲʶʲôĿƬǽϡ
Щ㵣ΪֿȭôЩݱ࿹أ
ôأ
ܿ򱻶
һ


ЩѪܵرģҲһʴȣΪЩֱģˤ˲Ǵϣڿӵײҽţһһ
ĳЦ
ȥÿһ򶼱ǸʸΪ汲Ҳ
ǵĹʼգԵеǵĹ
ĬؿųǽÿһᣬĬؿǶݶѪȵҺܿ챻ѹȥȻ

ĸߴıغӽ˽Լͷ
Щݱ˵ݱϡ
ǣ
УЯɫָָҡҡͷʾ񶨣Ҫá
ȡãǡ
ǶһУԵһԼ价׵Ϊȵǡ
ҪʮǼʮıⳡսʤǲܵģֱֳ޷ʤЩսݱοǳֿȭ޴أ
Ļ˹ʿע⣬ڶʱһСƬǽʧأݱ̽Ƭǽ˻ڳֶѻ˼ʮʬ塣
֮⣬ƺһжƽ˾ʿǲɱЩҵ򣬻ر׺Ŵʵʵһ٣ЩָֻΨΨŵŵıģʹ޴ûѪۣʹʹﰧȻݱıκγٶ
ⳡȻһµ⡪ЩҲѾ˳ҲȻĴ淴ѣֻݷֻȴʱ٣ҪѧؼڳǽɻңӭЩݱϳͷҪжأжϴˣϸϳǽ˭ܸΣ
ڽڳУ̾ͻϡЩ򲻹Ǳѹúˣһʱѣǣͷ˲ӦΪ壬֮Ȼسǣֻл˹Ĺƣֻȷǳزʧһв壡
ڽڳУسǵƫ֮£ֻҪЩڳǽ£ʿԼЩľʯľˮһһأȥ
ĻƼƣַֻۣҪڹǣʿǾһҲϢ
ǧݾҪسǵʿҪʵ򣬱ܿ׽ƫƫڴʱˡ
עЩԺǲݱûʲôҪǣоԸüΣ

սϧɷкξգֻҪϳͷǣý½֪飡
飡
ݸ飡
ʿǵ۾һ˲ˣǵļ԰ǵĳǳأЩͽͷЦǵ׹ʣ
ӶʱʿһοݣŭųѾѪͿĳǳأ
ʱգΪȵǣ
ÿһ˶Ըȵǣ
Ƕż꣬ŹʯľŶķˮܻ棬ǳݵľͷǱռĹǱµļ԰
һϳͷʿڵȵ˵ڶͬʱ鱻ΧССһγΪݱص㡣
̱ӣĻսȻһ澰
ЩݱڳǽǲɱģЩʿϵʮȫս״̬Щݱһƴŵܹȥһ滹ڽŵľжȥŵˮͰһȥŹʯϵʿŻŵض¹ʯȥӭУʿҲ˸ͷѪľ
ЩݱѵصľιʻҪֳһۣ
ս֮еĹңңƳһۣеʼղ⡣
ǵʿԽԽϳǽؽѸٵ˾ϣȫԱѸٳ˳ȥ
ʱԶԾȫ͹һǽҪܾ󲿷ֵѹŵѹࡣ
ӣӳȥǵȹǵı˳ǽ˷ΧӿҲѷˡ
أǲܹһνݱ³ǽأ
һԶд𰸵ˡ
˿ұݳ뻴ʱǱˡ
ܰϧԼ棬Ǻ׹ڳͷԼǰѱùɢŽζס
ȣĻңѪʲôˡ
ִأڳͷغִأ
Сˣˣ
ʲô𾡹ܺúܴȴһҲûжŭ콫ϳͷ
ǣ
£Զƺովһ꣬Ʋδɢȥһ㱻ϦĹԵȼ̾ǧơ
ȼյİ£ءִ²˳ͷ
ǻ֪𣿡ƣʿ죬Сĵػʣʶ𣿡
ǹؽģǻˣжͯ̽ͷϸ֮󣬲һ۾ǻˣ
ӸӸţҡһҡΪ常㿴㿴ʤˣʤˣǿԻؼˣ
ֵͣˡ
ڽıߵò죬ҪάԼǧʿܲݷϺסɵڽƽزǸçײˣܵʱ׼Ӧɵ׷
·̾Ҫߵյ㣬ֻҪصǣֻҪеؾӭǿؾΪһȻ˹ٴݽġ
ǵԻ¶ʱƮѪһĴ̱Ϣ
ǲǴӳЩʬƮġ
ǴԶһƮģ
ڽϵıһ˲ˡ
ʮֿصһƫίسΣǿлƵóȻӭ
ȴ˳ǣڽɫˣʧ

سвգǾܶ
ƫıἫˣίַŭջΪһƬãȻڳеˣ
Ļشֱ
ڽѾһ˲ŭ侲ɨһЩؾĿò
ٴǧˣһ֧вıǱϣڻһֹ½ϣڽһܲ־ܡ
һۣΪǿ֮ĩڽ˵ҲҪţƣ½һһأΣ


268 
ڽûץ
սѾ޷ʱ,ڽѸ˾һʿԼԤӺܿͳˡ
ЩʿҲڲ˧˺ܿ쿪ʼˣȻһЩʱ,ʹڽδ,ҳɹٻһȻ̫ʷȽֵı
˺,Ȼ,ߵս˼·ͬһɹ˵Ѫ,ҪͺҴһ,սɳҲɳһա
ڽڽʱçҪ,ʱ˲ж˼·,侲п,ԶϰβҲϧҪ,ͼա
½㲻֪ڽǴ
֪Ļ,ܻǫһ,Ϊִ
˿Σⳡսʱ,ڽܻܲٻϣҲڻǻȥ,ͼԮϣһ,½㶼ûȥ׷ˡ
ΣܵϢһ¡
Ǻ֡
ս֮Ҫʬ,ҪῪ¹,ʿսɱ,СʣҶææµµ
Ͻʱľһζ̱ǣ۶ǺɫѪʬ壬ѰԼ׹֮˵ʬ壬ҲѾѰˣڿ
˳ʱ㽥ˣȡ֮һϤĳ¡
İѾ߳ţЩվ·ΧһȦ̽ͷ֣̽ſ˸ˮйͨ
˲ȥʱһȦ벻ǱʲôϡʣǼʮʬ壬·ߣȲݱҲݱֻһȺѡ
׼һʲô£·߿ֵѾ˲ֽһӱһȥóһ·
Щ˴һȦ˰ԲԭȦ˾˳
һȺ򣬻ͷڡ
ô£һǸµС֡
ɫ˹Ⱥˣ
ô˵ء
һȺˣСԼǱúˣµţԼ
СֿȺ̾ſڵϣͷҲ̧ѹѹһƬѵƵġ
˵˵Щʬô£ô£
չʱðɱҾС˵Ϊɱؽ˵ÿһ˵ʬ嶼ҪúðᣬҪѰǵ׾һЩǮףʿ֮磡
һ£˿ǸŭСֿ˿һ߾߾·ߵʬ塣
иаô֣ʹãѪüĿҲܿԭٵģ
ǲʿеģߴ׳˶ݵģ
پӸµظǡ
ȻأʵΪʲôֳˣ
С˽񳿿ʼĴѰЩѯ׾ڣֻ˵Ҫһذǣǰ˳С˵ʿ˵©죬ἰЩ˵׾컹һǮ죬Щ˱㶯̰ܹһԼЩµֵˣҪʬߣ
תͷȥЩЩѾĽͷ̧ˣĿɨü۵صͷȥ
ô֪ǲǣʵֲܿڸ㡣
ʬ䲻˵ЩڲȥСֻҪһˣС²۵οЩ˸ǲЩʬĿʱָһߣСһٻָһߣͬͬĸֵܣôҲǲס
ߵСֿЩڵص
ôɣ˵ʵȱЩôǼ
С֪ˣиŵ̧ͷذֻǽʳ˶ˣҲˣصȥһ˲֪óʲôʲôС޴Ͷ׿ѣʶ
˵һģеڶȻ˿ʼޣߵס
ĿǸŲֿ˿ˡ
Щûˣÿһ䣬ϣϣϣһһѪۣЩ˵ֽ˵òᣬͣҲġ
п˵ȴЩѾȥˣǵ޶Сѵô
ССȷʵ޷
Сǵȷǻȥƭġ
ܲܺ͹ؽ˵˵СһʳҲã꣬С˱ػضģ
һһİԼǰСߵĴǵָָ㣬һ𣬳¼ˡ
һŸͬү˵һ߳һƬµĳſڣЩ˶
ʿǣ֮󣬼ǰС
㿴㿴λڽξ֮ܣӦùɵúܰɣֿʼˣڵΪ˶ս𣿡
ʲôϵɿûûƤҪռһ˵ģҲ뿴ΪĿ־˳Ĭ
̬ԽԽˣСҲݡ
ǶСˣΪʲôؽҪν֮еһˣ˵ǵҲӢ۵ġ
ЩܵνѾˣӢܻġ
ʲô
ģЩʲôˣ
˵УʿǱȽ˵һһ㶼ôá
ͻǵЩ佫ڽ˼Ҳвʣôڼš
ҲΪڽֿпΪڽʵ̫Ⱥݰ׼ʳκι½оѶϢ
ڼÿ׷һˮܸ£Ҳԡ
˺ʿ£ʱʿģӶ顣
ࡪ
ͷææӭʱʿʶһ
սˣʵˣ
ҿģʹؽѾ˴˳ǣ
ʿʵ۾һ˲
û˵׽ĽСһ䣬˵ؽʧ֮Σõȹؽжᡣڴ֮ǰȻظ
θûʿȥ
ֻˣֻˣ
Ƕģ
ؽÿʱ׷ңֵ֮ͬˣʿʼѱϣҲҪͬһ
˶ǳضڸʿ˵ٺòģ
ֻ˵˵½֣ʿ룬иӻ
ʧⲻ½Ҳδһ
ǲǱһֻԭ
ֻ߿·磬ɴȥͶˣ
һ˼ңʲôֶʲô壡˭ƴ󣬱Ͷ˭ȥˣ沨֮ˣһ㶼ģ
ʿʻһۣ黹õȻؼ֮дá
ڳϣһڰ͹ƽĵ·ϷһһӺӣһ滹ҪһԼĲ²⡣
Щ²ԽԽ죬ҲԽԽ
ʿѹĪ˷ܣһʵ˵ؽ½ǺһΧٴģôʱû½£
֪С½ڽǧǣһڽ˹ؽ˳ǣ
ûпֻ֨ѽ֨ѽطظ
һᵽС½·˻ϻӣһЩһֱ˶Ű
С½ٴնԬ뻴ˮӪĲʴսҹ˵һսʬɽѪף¼侹ⲻǼʲôǼףĪʹˣ˵ʹ䡪
סڣ
ʿʺ˵ЩʲôЩ񶾵ĻﶼȻҭ˺
һʿ
·аסƺһԼӵıӡ
λϵŮЦŰ˰֡
ԶϵΪһĻŭû
ҲӢۣƮƮأشһ䣬뿴Щˣô㣿


269 
ֵظ,ŬشһĹ
ǻﻹжˣʿ³çسӭսܱʱЩʿܿ춼ڽɱ,سǵʿһͶȻҲͬˡһȥ˹ꡣ
˵,һʿӦֻ
ʳ,жڻ,ƫ뿪ʱûй,Щ,ֵһѻ
ܹ֮ǲʿȥ,ݱزʧ,ȻҪ׻жʳá
Ȼǻĸ·,ѾԻָ磬һҪ,Ԯ,һ滹ҪڽĶﻹнǧı,˵սȵ̣Ǹ總֮ҵĵ֣Ҫע⡣
뵽һʱ,µ˽

̧ͷ,ɷųȥˣ
ǣش𣬡ڽߵúܼ,һʱ̽ʲôϢ
λ׹˼һ,ʮְϧԼ޼ĺ롣
,Щǡ
µ΢΢ü
ܲǳʱսú֮ܳʵ֮ľ벢ûôԶڲܲ˵ϣܹսپͬʱҲ׼
͵Ϯӵдֵ볯͢Ĺϵʮ䵭һսǰݡ
ʤ
ǵһֻҪڽڻǻôʼΣյġ
Ԭ֣Ԭ̷ݣڲԮ
ܲԼ£ͬʱҲ𶫺Ԯ
һ·ֻԻϣʼնһ·Ԯ
һǲȷ˴ġܲٱҪˣԻһ뿪ܱȴС뿪ȫЩҪ֪פСĿųֵܣ
ͬʱҲǾɿĺԮˣ˱һֵܹܱ͵Ϯ佫Լ࣬㹻سǵı
µͷ˼һӣȻ̧ͷ
˭ڻ
ñʤҶӣڴˣ񲻡
µһ
׵Ľסˣкμ⣿
®ʱдŸС½µ˵˵ʲô˽𣿡
ڹһ㶵ʱ򣬺Ȼױſڡ

ظסܾãﵱԼʹȨģɵø⾫ģͼҪԵɣôݻׯأֲԵԽ
ʿȨƵ˼ԼõȨ֮ʹõ˼һ붼ż·һΣûۡκεۣʿʺʧ
ΪӣլǷµڽΪսָЩ³ľٽܹسǲϵĶߣ˸ʿ߽ظʱıһõľ
ЩĹõΧˣЩ԰ʯˣˮ棬ĳȵذҲˡ
Լһ
ЩڵģĶֻʣһǱԼͺͺվǰΪЦ
ݺݵָԼġ
ܳսʧ֮˿ͣᵱ𸴵Ļᡣ
ڴ֮ǰܵЩ취Щ취ǸսʤģǸȥ½
µĵλҪ½Ϻ
ﻹйڣ
ǰ£λӹɵģıϵģʹ½Ҳ⣡
ֻ˵˹ֻ˵˹𣬲ܴ½
Ӧǲѵģʿ룬ִӵתΪ˿ܣ½̫Ƕȥѵܲ
̨ʱѾĿɨ˹
ºͣҲûʲô⣬ֻǺ䵭
к£
£µڻڽϱܡظ׼һԼķθһԼ㣬ĿɼΡĳ൨Ѫʱȴ
ʧ֮£ִãЩ˾ţڼоɡ
µԱһԲؿ
֪Ǹƴʿ򡱵ˣգײʿ̬ȶܲºġ
ºĻŶԷλ½ԷλԽߣҪ׼Ҳűߡ
˵մֲʶһҲϲ֪ʲôĵðҲᷢŭֻǺһЦ֮
ԷǹԱǷҳͬʱû߿һ۵ı»ѧǶү̬ȿɾۿɼؼ½ˡ
ʿʶԼڹѾһݰҧأһҪ˵
ˣԵؼֻ´Σ֮У˲һѣ£±ֱǣ
üͷʲôΣѣ
½ˣò
µȻһ
һһ⼵ĸʿʶòϣ½Ҹе
˵Щһһǳ羴ˣǵҲϿʵҲڽԼľ⡣
ʿ뵽һĹڦǶȣ
иĸڣ˲ǣң½𣿲һãҲֻһöѡ
ҪȨҪѣѵһõ
Ϊ𣿲׷ͷսͣЩȻǺõġΪʲôãִĻǣɷֳһıҲҪȥأ
ϸ밡
˵Щ̾ʳ⣬Ҫδ
ʿʵ۾һеǰһһƬȭȭ֮ģҪȫС½¿ΪŮӣδˣΪңıȨ
һƬž
Ȱ˵󣬸ʿʱС´ɫȲ˵Ҳûʲô顣
ֻгµԽԽס
ôĴЩ˵ڹڦ½˵ڰ
Ѿˡ
׽֮ˣҲô𣿡
µͬ½νֲ½£½Ŀ븵ʿһƣܹ黹кܴĲͬ
ܾã½Ǹܺõˣ²ǡĻǡԷθô룬ôˡ
ܼÿһ¶ԵΪ׼˲̵˵о͸ټʮλС½
ܻ֮꣬˭˵çǴأ
ҼʹС½Լӵص뷨Щأԥ̫ʷȡɣбЩˣС½Ӹλʱˣֻ᲻ʲô뷨أ
εд½ô᲻дߵˣ
ֻ᲻дЩŸǣ
µ˶һ˼
С½ѾӲˣسǣЪһЪɹؽϣӭܲ١
ѾôĴ󹦣Ҳһ׮ġ
ڵĻش𣬳µһܹ˵Ļش
δߣȻڦˡ̫ļЩ߳һ䣬ʿɫףʮº͵ؿ𣬡С½һ·࣬¿
иҵδܼߵ£̾һȴҪɱ˻𣿡

ƺǾܵͰе࣬Ҳеɵϯվߵ£һ
ƲʵĴӪʱϵѪȡ£ȴԲȡۣͬ
λĸߴıӵĿ⴩ԺҶظĸǽ·صһյĻˮߣȻתͷ׵ѩĿⶤ˸ʿʵϡ
ˣ

ָָǸѾɸˣ˵ֿʣȴûĺƢñڰȥ۰ϳȥ
½㴦ԼӪһЩ֮Щ飬ظѰү˵ʱײһĻ
˺죬۾ϳǸʿʡ
çײǣ۽ȷǸݰ˾
ͷɢ±ģѾ˵еͬľͲǰϵĳ̶ȡ
үƢô̾һ¡
ȻʵҲûʲôãΪʿԸˣȥ·ȥҪ⸱ģȫΧһȦ
½Ȼ׸ʿʵôǵ˶үӲͷƤͬù֡
˵þò㡭
ԷĿ⣬Ȼô˵񶼲̫á
С½ӲͷƤûһغһ䣬Ȼ̾ͺˡ
ͦõģ˵û³䣬塭ΪʲôѪˣ˰


270 
ʿʵ
ֽ
˵ʲô
һѪȥ,Ҳž͵ˡ
˵ʲôҲûס
ʧضѵ,ܿ͵,ʵȻݰ˵,ǲݰͲݰɣĸûмɵ,ѵɱ˳
ʿææܹ,Խĸʿ,һߺһϣΧк,ָָλǰʮĸôھǳӡ
ʿ۾,Ҳ֪˻Ǽװˡ
վظſڣҲȺкһ𿴵еתͷ
½,ؽȺʱˡ
õ,õġͷױ˽
үںͳµ˵Щʲôɫƺոձò,źùֵһࡣ
߽ʱ,үǺܸ˵س֡
ô˰ɣ
ûУڰ,ڽܻǣͲͬս
˵ƣǴ˼ҪΪ,үһ,Ȳʸ鷳
ȻҪϵĵ·,¿²֪,ǼҲû,˵Ǳʱصó
µ˻֣ʿ˲ºȲ裬һС黨
ģ˵Ѿˣ
үƺһ㣬รǻȥģ
ţߵң
ϡsõǡүҧһڣȻüǶߵң
ϸһ£ûʲộǸӺܰͷп̵ӣš
ûʲô⣬Ӧû
еү⼸ȥˣСС̼ʸڼТأ
ˣǮľӣǵȻҪϽ̯ܳ㶫Ǯ
ͿҪȥˣ
ԼʲôʱүҲģ̾һ
Ѱģææ˵ҽʱ·߼򡭡
սʿֵ֣صصνģ
ðЩʿǿɶģ
Ȼɶ˵ҲֻǵĹȥ졣
ҳȥĺ׼ܳͷ֮⣬ǧǳĬĴǺֻҪһʳһǾͿһŬһ
ЩûУȻпܻ졣
룬Ҫǻǵʳ룬֧ܲһǣ
ӣɲһ㡣
ǾͶ֧һ㣬Ŀڣ֧һЩǵĻֻҪһ¾Ϳˣȴ˲ܲ٣Ͷʳǲǣ
µµ˼һ
С½˼´ˣ˵ؽпǰ֧ԮⲿҲԤ֧ʳҲ֧ġ
оС黨ˡ
µ˵ɻ棬ΪЩڳṩһʳ֣ǽϿ첹
½־ˡ
ѾʮˣʱڽҪȥܲһЩô¾ҲͲ¶Ұˡ
мʱ䣬ṩʳҲû취ǵļ˶ܳԱһ㣬΢ܿÿһ㡣
ǾУ˵ǰһ˵ȻȫҳԱˡ
µû⣬ôԱ
ҶͲѿ컹ɣȱȻѩڳϴ飡
Ȼأµ㶵ػʣ˳ô
һۣϾŷֵҰˣһΣһ𣡡˵ҪǳŵĻҪӳԣſ԰ɺغȣůˡ
ҳĳµĿȻſһ£һۣһС黨ԡ
ЩȥˣʿǺúϢһ¡
֮أ
ҪġҪô족ˣûʲôˡ
ЩҪðͽļһԭӦôʮһºûˣЩƽʱ֣ûʲôӣڽеôգ¸˵ƤҲеݹˣʮ׳ǹİ壬˸ͷԻգkun һסʿһ̷
ȥЩ£ҪȻǡ
һô죿
գ˵һֱ֧ӭӿݣϡ
Ļôûסһ䣬ֻô
һۣӣЦ
ڵھǵ׾𣿡
Źõģ·ҪԼģôصȻ˵֮ͣͣҲףԽԽף֮£ܲΣΡ
Щ˳ᢣʤǧ뷨һ·ɢˡ
ȴһʮ⣬Ŀǰĸߣܸͦ鷳Ҳ͹ˡ
ʹǹҲ£˵ҪѪȡõʤֽǲɵġ
òүº͵˵ڲܲδ֮ǰԬ̷ݵľĲֻҪԮԬ̷ػỺ˱
ûвȶ֮ǣ˵֪ܲʧҹǡ
Ҳεļǣؾ޵ģԮȣʿ
үĿºּͣᶨ߲һ
ΪΣ
ع³ǣҲһԮȣ˵
һҶţͿȽ˭ϡá
͹ǿ֮ĩʿڶʱھһսһսҪܾòָܻԪ
ܲͬ尾ţ
ʵĻˮӪƣڽػıҲܣڳнȻǲϽģǸиصԮҪܣ
һҪЩһ滹Ҫǣ
Ϊ½ϵӮһ̱ǧˣ
˷ݵͼݲܲٵ׻Щʲôʱ̫ʷȺȻˡ
壿
ǺȻǻһ·Զɸɾûԡںڵͷһǰûȥ߽ͣ˻һо˵ζϡ
˶ԱеĵĺζһֺˮѪӵζ
ⲻʲôõϢԵһʱ񾭽
ţ
ţ̫ʷȿ˿µֿ˿飬ܴ˵ǶȻ
֣Լһ㣬Ȼš
Ȼͬĵ˰Ȼݵľʧˡ
Ȼߣǰģ˵ЯɽĹڣʵŶھһȥһγ֮о͸ʵˡ
ΪǲȲǲԸ뿪ģǺû㹻֧һ;УҲã֪ͨϱĸԱѣǻţԥţ˱ٳʱŴҴææɢӿһӵ
ԥתƱһĹٺԱȥʱ鷢ˡ
ݰЯҴڣЩĹһ·£ҲϱȥˡʹԬ̷ûǸû˵ġ
ҪԺȣҪҩƷҪйԱάҪʿάΰ·ϻᱻ˴٣ˮߣпܻɢҪ˰ǽ·һ
ЩմӼǧ˱ˣ˱ʮˣʮֱʮ
ڴң
ЩĵؿţػعͷٿһǵͰéݷٿһƾɵդٿһǿɰС԰
û˱ǣԥֻЩĹٴһһ뿪Ϊʲô
һ㶼ʵǿµ鷳øϽ취갰붫ӦһҲָͶˣ
ôָգָǸ鷳
ȷʵЩ֣鷳
ţүһӡ
е㼬֡ͷеңҪ侲һ˼дŸ갰ԡ
үĻû˵ܸ꣬ӣƺ΢Цƺڸ̾
Ϊߡ
Ԥף֤Ҳǽ͡
볯Ұ۽ⳡս˭˭ӮʱʮݰգԼЩǧҲҪӽİǣһ𰸡


271 
ꢳ,ܽʵұڷꡣ
ꢳԭǾĳҴĲƲ,Ǹĳһˬϡҹ,μһ硣
屻ͨе,ϵ׶ȥ˶ߵγеĸŮҲܴϽ,µңϿʹá
ֻкˮ,һ澡ĵغźӣһæµط֯,һ滳ʶƽ¡
ΪΡʶƽµ֤֮һꢳ͵½ھǵլۡ,һٹ˽Ҳ̰ܻߵɣԥԼٺ»¡
Ҫھǵ,ҲҪھǵ,½Ҳ뿪,뽫լۡʣǼȥ
еǸ£ǻҪϳǽ,ΪʲôҪߣʮֲ⣬Ҳ԰ˮ,üϸ,չ˱
ǲ,½˵,ǻǵߡ
Ϊʲô
Ҫӭսܲ٣½˵Ƿݣ˱İ࣬ǰаܴʤһ̣񲻱ջҪ
ѾŮ
װô˵˵ԼҲ𣿡
ңǴ̵ģ
ʲôʧС½Ǹ𣿡ǿһ䣬á
½ʵú½һ㶼һ˿죬ܿʧˡ
Ȼ΢Ц·һ㶼Ԭ̷Ĵ
ΪԼ˵Ҫⳡս
ﻹѬζͬĸеЩӦ
żῴһ棬ÿݷĸСʱ㳳ҲҪ⿴һ
ʵڴˣĸ㽫Ϲƨƣ
㻹Ҫʲô˵ʱ⾰ˣ
ôǵãȻؿ޽Уҵһμһμ
￿ڳϣһԼҵܵܡ
һ߽Сɺǰ۾һضϵ
Сһԥؿ˿ڣʵڿʹһǰȫġ
С̧ͷԼһֽۣͷȥˡ
ƣ֪
λСδȵڼҲ׼ͬһطݣʦΪԥµһС׼ؾǡ
ֻдְǵ㱾£ܽӪλܸųȥأСĵ룬ž䲻ˡ
梣˵ʲôӦʲôʲô
ڱһֻССٿ⻰ֶʱһ
˵ʲô˵
СȻףȴҲԼ뷨ּˡ
ǸӣڽﶢǾﰵ
ǣǣķõǾ͡
Ӯⳡսɡ
ݻڿޣȴ˺ܶ࣬ǽ˹ȥ
Ѿ𿤸صĵؽ磬˵Ѿȫˡ
ǻͣ£ΪѾˡ
ÿᶼѾˣϰտʼˣԽԽãƢҲԽԽᣬ¼Ӽ۸ˮǴߣñȽӻأһʿ˶ס𣬸˵ƽˣƽǲòҹ̹ǵı磬סڽͷβҲѾ˸еۡ
Ҳ˸еۣΪǳҲȥ
ǳǵûʮǨľ󣬼ææر˳ţǽĹͽ˳УλҲӲͷƤ˼죬Ըؿ˳ţַŽһЩս
İѾ޴״ֻܼߡ
ѹ·ѾݻƵĲݣ΢֨ѽȻһڰ̾˸ǹȥ
Ӽ¼Ϣһ̧ͷ˿˯Ҳ˯̤ʵﶼҪ̾常
常ûſ
һ̾Ϣ
ˣų⿴ȥ
Ű峵һߣһ̾
λƿ˳һͣ˰峵̱Ҫ
Сǲǳ˹ˣ
æ֣밲οһ䣬˵̾־İοʵ㲻ϰοֻԵܺˡ
ǲǸˣиߵĸˣԼ峵ϴԼ·ѵҲ¶ĳ
ոշ³ʱ常Ѿˡ
۵׵ڻ谵ĳڻԣƺûʱС١
αƭ常˵
Ҳƭæ˵ֻҪǵ
ܾһˣѵܾʮʿ𣿡
ֶӳĬס˶ͷﲻ֪һʲô¿ڡ
˶٣
ԡǡѾϣæߵʮ˹ȥˡ
֣ȥѰëʡ
Ӹ
Ӫʱ⼸صʿͷȥһϯ硣
һֱоüë
ιʣ
ǳʱЯҴڣ˲ҪǴ˼ҸĸҴҲѣȻ͸ã˼в˽ý˻ᱻū޴̫ԶܣⷽܵСĽЩ
һһӵȺҲôҲдС㣬һѹһֵܵ鷢۸˵һ˶۸Ķ¶ѸǱЩɢľҪࡣ
Ǳ˴˼ûӦܿͻᱻ˿
Ȼ½Ǩȥ·ͻᷢˡ
գⲻ·ʱҪȫʳܲףϵʳҪףʳܻԤƸ죬ܿ˵İˡ
Щϲ˾һ治ǸȥѰһ·һҲ·ϴٱ˼ҵİ峵ʳ
Ǳ˼ƾȭҲϷֵ֣Ķ̫ˣⲻ˾Ǹһ
˲Щб̾ɽֵܣƽʱҲڶɱ֮ҴߣͶĿϵʱﻹץõˣ
ȻץǱعЩˣҪÿʮɾͰһԶһ·ػݣȻҲǲܵġ
ýǵ˵ǰæչһЩǭףʧɢεӰֻ֮ˡ
ǣʵǱ㲻ѹЩ񣬲°ǵʳô
ȻҲѹģ̾һҲҪ˼һ
ƾ𶫺޷ЩǱ㵽ҪԼⳡ۾һ˿ǵʳߣʱ·һ
ʵϣѾ˳ԹԼʳò̼·ϡ
Ǹտʼ᳢ŮȻֻԼӣǵȻҲԼֲҪʱ̣˻ǣ
һЩʳʱʱַһգȻǱˮн
͵١
أǻڹԱǵָάס򣬵û㹻ʳ֮ṩǣֻǱȻǰ·
糤ӣ赼ܹݣȶȹĹԱѾͷöƣȻô࣬÷·ֹֹ
ЩʿҲҪġ̾Ϣ˵һ䣬˵ʳǵǵУϾǿüġ
㿴üӸܽҪ
͵͵شԼ常
常ԾߵһѾܲףһϾȥϸ˼
һߵȴֹ
Ǹ˾ӣ̸ʱȸţʱֶοͣʿϲһط١
ʱҪʳ˭Ҫʳأ
ӸҪдţͻȻ˵ҲдһŰɡ
һ㶣дŸʲôд˵Ԭܲܲ
Ǿ͸ˣЦԬϵС½Ǹô
ӸôҲǸŶ˷̫أҲǱС½߿һ۵ģ˵Щʿ佫һ˭ܱС½ǧӾݽӹ
ѵ갰԰æ


272 
ȺǸ,
ڵȷǱˡ
һҹ꣬峿ָֻ˳γձϴӵͨ͸ĺˮ,̧ͷһĿ
еҶƬѾˣֵضѻһһҶ,ȥɳɳ,ҡһҡɣ֦ͷһ㣬һƬҶ
Ѿɾ,ȴûеƬֵأΪѧҳ,зǵĳȺ˵,ʹͬѳ,Ҳһò裬ٴ򿪴,һͥԺľɫ
Ϥ＾
ʹΪսңò뵽ݣ򣴨ϵ,Ҳδƶˣܹһ
ǫҲãҲ,ֻδһλҲãĳȺȻûȺ֮С
һ,һ,ʵʵڵǱˡ
ٹ,Ҳ㱻ϣѻϸֱմȾǵͣһֻӼ˺飬һֻľҲ֪ȥˡ
¹ڲʲôȻΧЩĿǰٵ˲òһ˵𿤱ǵ
Щų˳ìһλµԿʳꢳϣһ
Ƿˣ
ÿһ˶һ˫ѰĴ۾ȻԭҲûô۾ǳ;ѸŬصɴ飬һ˫˫ȾѪ˿۾Եررɭ䡣
ڴ۾棬ֻ֣ݣЩצ˼ѿڣָ׷Ⱦ࣬Ȼͼ
Ȼֻ֣Լֺŵĸ첲ҲԽìľ룬ֻͽ͵ػ裬ϻ衣
ҲҪȥץì⣬̣ì͵ջأ߸߾𣬺ݺ
Ǳ˲ҽŹڵϡ
ҲŹڵϡ
ҹ¹꣬ȻŢЩһҲں
ɾ㣬㣡һһذ棬ٰЩɣ
С˼мδˮˣ
Ѿ࣡Ⱥĳȴŵԥɬ㲻𣡡
Сĸңöɾ࣬С׸ĸˡǸӰǣС˵ĺ
ɾǸ̰ĵģһֻһ룬λ󣡡˼еؽƵȥǻ࣡
ǡȺŬرһףǵǩأ
񡭡ǩϵļб㻻˱ߣɾѵҪȵһ𣿣
ɾʳôʳΪʲôЩ
ԸۣɾЩʳȾǺòã
и˱źŬƵǰ̱ڵϣɾɾȾ⺢ӣԸ⺢ɾΪūΪ澣ɾһòãɾһӰ
ڿޣڰ棬߶߶߿࣬ЩΪһ޴УȺġ
֪ЩΪʲôΧסţΪʲôధ
һͨ·ϵ񰴻ÿһǩÿգƾǩ࣬ʼղ࣬Ȱõĸ
뷨ǳȺģͬ뷽跨𿤵һЩʳרЩ൱һշһࡣ
ʵ١
½Ļľһ¡Ǳ⡣
ʱҲСݻλһԼ൱ڵ200
ȫСһֵֻܷ200࣬ܲסġ
ֻܼȴֹΪµ١
ЩʳٶȻʮ־ˣܵþϸ㣬¹У
ǿֻܿǵĸĸ޶Ϊ̼ȥֱľһ
Եǡλɾʳʳ
ɾʹڣǣС½ڣԹأ
С½ڣȻ⺢ӵģɾ
ɾȾǣ
Ⱥ촽˫۾ʲôѹ
Ҫѹˡ
ʱ򣬿ľһ档
Ǹ䵭ģߵģƯƯһ桱ӣֱֻͯëĽһǱ
ٿǵֶ˵ЩС½£ǵ㿴ѸٻΪͬ顣
´£ߺһȻ˹
ȺһƬǱصΪֿһ··ľͷǸ¹ڲûвԼģж಻ֻ࣬ǲ̵ֻ̧۾
˫۾ʹ࣬ƺͿҪ޳
ҪǴʱиʲôҲԼΧҲҪΧվԼߣΪࡣ
ʲôҲûУֻǧ˳ǵʿ
Щʿ
ǧ˳ǵѾˡ
˲ǧ˵ؾ֮⣬ֻЩմȥ˾ǸҲȥˡ
ڻɵĳǽϣһƽԭϵľ
Ԭ̷ľѾˡ
ʹһŽǣݺܿ׼ȷ˵Ԭ̷ֻ̣ͬ˼˼˵Ը׳ǧ˳ǣͱ֤ȻԬ̷µõá
ȻϾݵĹԬңҲԺú÷ߣȥ
ţ˼˺ܾá
Ԭ̷ô
ԥѰ£²Ԭ̷Ŀġ
Ԭ̷ȻҪݵģһû˵ݣҪʲô
ûֵأû˷ۣĲݴ֡
ⲻݣֻһƬΪݡĻĵأĪ˵Ԭ̷ҪݣҪһƬҰأҲ򵼣Ҳ򣬸Ҳһʳ
Գ˹֮⣬Ԭ̷Ҫ׷飬
ǧ˳ǵĳͷϣųѹѹ˼һ򵥶ѵ⡣
ǡһ䡣
ʿü۽ǱȫϲɫԵ棿
תͷһۣҪǧ˳ǣΪ°Щʿҵ˹ʾɣ
ʿȻһҲȻ
£ҵȵΣ
ֿһһ㣬
־
ʹĻ־ҪԬ̷Ȼѡ
һʱһʱ½Զݣԥھأһ⣬˭֪ǸǸˡ
ǣԬ̷һϿǳʲôҪ
λѾʮֳȵĴһͬͼݾǵĹأһȥ̽Ķ׼ȽЩ°йǡ
λĽıʿЦһ˵һ濿Ż¯һֻѾʮůʱʹˡ
ױƿʱһȻ˽
Ԭ̷Щϲüֽüëչ
д𸴣
Уʹ˵
Ԭ̷һӴƤаĵؿʹһۡ
һҲûȥһȤ
ɡ
ʹ˿óǷ飬ʮСĵؽչ
ӵעڹͼָݵı߽ϣûвʹ·ưһ㣬ٳûпڡ
ǹͼתƵؿһۡ
ô
಻֮棬Ķͷۼð˺飬ܡ
Ԭ̷ɵؿһۣ ҡ
ȷʵ̫Ϊ˵һԬϵϭģдԬԬ̷Ϊ˼Чʵۣ˽ԹɵЩ
ʱؼžһ¡
ͼҲ̧۾һ۴ӵɫܿ¶˰ĵı顣
ΪӡǺǡһŵݸ˹ͼ
塣ô˵
ͼ̸֮˲һĿ
ҪŭӣҵͽѪǧ˶ѣͼ˵ȴļıʵڸ
һЦ󣬹ͼǷϭĵݸʹ
óȥ˰ɡ˵
׾ӵļıͯҲϵģ
ʱԬ̷ҲãͼҲãû뵽˺һıʿһ
һıʿǿıŵо
ˣĲǼı˵Ĺ
ֵһʯ֮һҲû٣Ϊƽɵشϻȡ˵ڶѾдõ顣
Ƿ棬е⣬ķ⣬⡭
ѽλºһһһҪȥԬ˼ӪУ


273 
ʹߵܵúܿ,ǵԬ̷ľӪʱƺȻһС
ڷַŵʿ쵽Լ,ûŵʿòӰһСȣ󽫽ƾɵĲЬУһ¡
ѾЩͲƸɵװ绳ϡ
ӪկդƵ£
Щ߰㣬ææµµľܵһ,˵óһۣԬ̷Ҫˡ
ľҪǰƽ,ƹǧˡ
ҲһǧԤӷҲһǧҲţֻҪ¼ʮżǧ˸Ѳһ¾͹ˡ
ʹԥһȷԼҪҪšǧ˵ӦǸ⡣
ûϣŭһǿĵ,Ǳǧǧ˳ǡ
ʹСҲֹһ䣬Ƥ֮,ëɸ
ǻ֮ģѾϣͬڳĹͼ˵ЩʲôԬǰ
Ԭ̷ЩԾλСѵдд˲ɣ
Ǵ˵,ʹӲͷƤ˵,ǲټǴµţǱ˵һ
󵨣
֮
ӣ,Ӧ
Ԭ̷Ѿֻ˿֯ɵŴ,ĵڶóˡ
ŵҲôá
Ӳ,С½ǰǰܾ֮,ʱ½Ԯ룬ַǴɷΪҪ˳Цˡ
С½ҲͰˣһˣ˵С½ƽԭ֪ߣҪٱһΣף찡һ֮ҲᱻʷӣҪǸˣҪһѩǰܣǧ԰
ڳϵĹͼʮؿһӵɫ
ƺһ˿ƾֺܿȻˡ
˵ҵС󣬲ҿǧˡô˵
ͼ룬΢΢Ц
⼼ӡ
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Ԭ̷ľӼΣѾˣˣԶ׼
ͼƮƮۣԬ̷üĿһ˿Ҳɢˡ
ʿۣЦȫݣٻѰĵŰɣ
λὫûָǸǧʹһ񣬵תͷһ
һǧʿĬͬһˡ
ţ֪˵ﻹһš
£Ԭ̷ѾˣʹһŸʲôã
ⷭ˸۸
ģصýƾɵǺܰ۵ģҲΪƢһ·ϳԹٿࡣ
ԴݣͶ˿½֮İ۵Ǻٷˡ
һŲӣԵİ۷ųʹ߻һ㶡
Ÿػ˵Ѱһһͬȥһ֧˼ͷŰϣȥǡ
¡
ƲƲ죬Լֱߵϻӣһš
͵Ԭ̷ʱѾƹǧˣн˶ʮڰӪկ
ʿǵҪ˧оʰģԬ̷䲼õʮ־ʵһͬԼ谮òŮЦһһ׼ϡ
ױܽͬ˵ǸʹһţθɴԶԶ˼ʱԬ̷Ц
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Ů࿴һۣСĵطǵˣڴǰôſأ
Դӵľݾ˵һССĴ£ѵЩܲ¶ɫ
Ԭ̷ԭ뿴Ƿŵģ澵СĴҲƮƮȻ
һ֧½أһǧ䣬һ䣬˵õֺ
ŸңЦҿ˵ʲô
ŴʵҲûǰ֡
ʾͶ
ԭһܲϢͶġ
˵½֪ԬɫģҲΨһĵԬУͶҲϣͶ
λӣ֧ТףʹݣѵԸԬֶӡǵЧ
ԲܿдŬǣ㲻䰡
һƬź󣬺Ȼвҽᴩоʣ
ŮҪӳ˫ϴһѪֻۣ˱ŭ֮µһССͷȷʵҲˡ
Ȼͳ˧ߵСȫʿܿյ˧һµ
۷ȥ۷ȥ
ȫǧ˳ǣ²
Щ˷䡣
üͷĶ黹Ա򶫣ķȥ
ƽǵĺʵ·࣬ƤëǲФݳƷɫ¸·ǵɫǺ㲵ģ΢΢͸ңҲͣطŶ
мЩ˴ñǸůЩɫһ㲣һЩ˻վ·ߣôЩÿ񾭹ͣһ롣
ĹͷѾ˼죬üͻҲ𼸸һˮȷȵģǲҪԼ·ϼԼˮԼˮһˮ
ȷʵмͻأ
˰ֻҪ·ܵͣϼ룬ȵӹԲŵÿҪ߲ʱᡣ
СɵλСѾ˵˵ɤȰһ䣺߰ɣ߰ɣԬ̷ľӾҪ˰
ǣǰ治ǻǵı𣿲˵ܵôǧ˲ܴ
Сˡ
ǧ˾ݵİסأ
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ǧˣǧ˻סģ૵˵ǣС½ʲôʱܻ
ÿһ˶Ǳűģ
ÿһ˶Ǳűģ
»ĵ졣
½Щǰһ߹
ҽٺͳеҽЩܽܳ
֧˴淭Ī״ҩ·˶ҪűӣҴ߹
ʿ
һ֪֮ڽʿôʿǲһƬ
Щԭٴˣԭڲ̶ͬȵΪȾգⳡµսʧȻѧսʿǿ־Ťת˹ЩʿϾѧܣǵмһǲսˡ
ǺúϢԸУξһ䣬صġ
ǽУξææؼһ䣬ҲҲѰڽټ
ȥ·ϣҲѰ

һ
ѾܲΧ˸ˮйͨ˳о޷֪
ֻɡܲٻΧǡжϳδʧ
ͬʱڽǧʧˣһ鷳
ڳһ֮·Ԥе뷨ĵزѰٲĵطͬһƬԶڻϿյӰ
ĵȴ
ܣ϶Ҳǲܵġ
ԥŵʱ򣬽ϴ
һױ˹½ؽ㣬Ž̫ʷȥ£
ԥ
㿴Щʿ״̬ˣ˵ôܲԥ
ǣƽʱŰ𣿡
ȻûУΪʲôôʣ
ΪƺһЩսĻԭ˺ܵͶ˵֪󣿡
ױǣȥתͷظķȥʱȻһƬɻ󣬡ʲô󣿡
㽫ʿһĸ壬˵ôָȥ
ҪǿһûԴΪʲô
ȻΪ㼴ԵģҲΪҫһսۣе̬Ȼºͣƺִһ˿ЦһҪ£ڽѵ뽫˧λøԼس𣿡


274 
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½һ̨̤ף߽ʱЩغһĿͶ
Ŀûкɣûӡ
۾˭˾ͻὫƤ£ͷ­һصһ͡
Ǿ,Ǿ,˧о˻ᵱ˧໥ѡ
Ȼֱֺ׵ڱǴ̬ȡ
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ͳ,ǧ,ݵĿࡣ
бģĵλǰ;һһжǿսġ
ʿۼˣҪͣЪһЪȴͣ
ͬһΡվĸɽһͣ¾ͻǰ
Լǰɣ˵ǰǹµߴǰаɡ
ǹ⻪ĿȺɽ֮ϣʲô
Ͳ
¿ʼڳµһ仰
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һ仰㹻ڳ˶ʶ˲ܲٵľġ
ͲҲȡû֪¾Σֻسǵı
үǧسǣطʱҲһǧ
ǧԼϱ䲻һʮسԭǱȹǷռݵƵģǧܲٱʮıҲ̹³ǳء
۷׷ʱձ㽥غתֱиὫһ䣺
οǰʿǣǾ㲻֣ѵҲһƣ
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Уξǻ࿴ǳµ˿ڡ
ܲԶԭȡΪã¼ȻΪã̸ף
Ͼһ̫ʷһ䣬Ҳܲһα壬óڲˣƸ۵ƣ಻ܹ顣
һγĬˡ
ежٰû֪
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ǽôôŶ˳ǽܲٿһݰ֮ѵܲپͻпǧ˱
һİڳУΪʹãܺáѾ󳬳ǵд󲿷ֵİڳȫ;ģֻ¶޽ͷ໥ȡůȻĳеĴʣȻʹʿһ̼
ʿҲҳϵġ
ʿδˡ
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ѹڳڣڶĻУڹ½ļϡ
ΣѣҲٵȥ˵þƲܲ١
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Ŀ棬ǣҲִ
ûҰļҵĻɲ²⣬ҲûжͽĿäĿ
㣬ԮΣ
ȻһƬ͵͵

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ҵʿ˵ƣ
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ˡ
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û׼֡ʮճǲҪҪô족Ԥ
ھʵķˡ
ͷβǲɢ޷ӵĳζ
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񲻶ӿʱеҲڷǣֱڣͭǮѾʲô򲻵ˣ˿ЦʮǮһʳûӦ
óԼһլۡԥ֮Ҳ߷ڵľٶⲻǱˮн
䣬Ǽʹһ״ǣҲ̾ͱߡ
ҪԷΪܳԵ뵽һ뵽ģһģʿҲһ˶һֻܳһٷ
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ܲҲ֧һ£Ҳ֧Ųһ¡
Ϊ˲ȡʰǳص˼ҪıϾ·
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Щݱÿһ˶һѵ
˵ֻһȺƣּʿԼһƣּĳǡ
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ǵȴһ֧ŵĵѾȵ̫ˣ֧½ıܲһƿŨصҹӭһƴ磿
Ϻܶ˶һٹ̵뷨սǽìܵһַʽֻҪܴӮһսһսһսǾͿͨսԼҪһС

Ҫ֪עƽĳǳأʲôҲò


275 
ʯ̾͵Ľֵɨúܸɾ,Լ˰գЩǱˣл,Щڴ˵,Щ
Ƕڶ
ִǰ·,ꪱںѹ󣬿ڷ,ꪵļź⡣
ȻǿĻλϵĽ
ھװʱеİҲ뷽跨ǵķæ
˵һλǿʦ,ͺ˿ȡ֧ӵף
еϤеֵֹġ
ٱ˵һЩҰ,ЩɽˮԼЩȥ֮˵ľ궼
ܹ˲ܲ٣ܹ˳׵ظϳ,ϳǵļ԰,ѾϰλԸ⻻Ǹб޵Ĳܽǵȷġ
˵һ·Ұ֮ʱ΢
ʵϲܲٶԼİղб,䲻Ƹ,Ҳðհӵĵط
ɱԣǶðҪʲôġ
бֻһֶζѡ
ʲô˻ѡֶΣ
½뵽ʱѾҪߵſˡ
һŻ˷,̿,ڴ,򲻰ױݵ׵Ժ
Ȼתͷ
ȺǰһζСƺ죬һСӣС۾һߵüëп롣
ã·Ҳ졣
ƺǸһһģûòФƵĺأ
ûҵҮҮͰأ
Ѿ˳ţ½㻹ûѰǸСܡĺӣֻЩźתͷ
ڳſڡ
ͷϵķƮȥȴһɣһҲҡΡ
һ˶˼ơ
սңʳ㣬Ѵַ˽ү䣬һҲûԼ˫꣬ظһ̳ˣ
벻⣬ʱʲôƶ롣
еᡣ
ȻڽʣµҲʲôþơ
죬оӦˡ
ڿɲǽһ̳ҲҪ֮֮óƷ
Ǿȱæźˣ˵š
үˬʵشЦԼǾһ
ãǴƲܲʱٴ̳ƻʱһ𣬺ȸˣ
ڹ½ػϢʱܲ뿪һ˾Ӫ
ݵǣһЩһʮʴȣûɱǣҲڽĥǵ
͵ʮˮΣһƬ棬Ҫһӵ
ˮƺӲͬƺˮɳвӴͻΪϺӣһܾڣˮ峺ӵҲȶ࣬ҪıӵҪξӣһ·£ܴĿꡣ
Щ򱻱ҹӣЪϢ
żͷһۣɰأҶҶߵСĿֺƬƽԭϡ
ǸһʳѾոЩ뱻֮֮ս˾ӪУЩˡ࿴һۣͬչ˹ţһΪݾĿ
ûйϵûйϵһֻ̣ҪЩˣ¶ѾˣҲ̼ȹһ
ȵ쵽ʱǾͻصԼϣǡ
ڳĺӵǵũͼ԰
Щžͻ
һ˿ޣҲſޡ
๤տʼֻʴȵس˼ƤޣԸΪǣֿʲûлмĻر
ЩũһҲмǵʴȣ
ЩũֻǵũҪˮˣǲޣҹﻹ͵͵ش˺üΣҪߣҪҪȥʹ͡ؽС½ͨţ
˼๤òϿضԴǣЩԸֻԼ԰һɱٽǵͷ­һڳЩ޴ͷ
ѾϺɫ멣һƥĽһĻʱüͷ΢΢塣
ܿģȷ˾ӵĹ̲ûбЩ֮üͷչˡ
½ӣ˵³֮ǰ
Ӻ£ܲҡҡͷδס
ǸһȺ߹꣬ѾɳΪеʮİģˡ
һַˮĺӵˢεʱԲʮҲΪһƬ˲òʿ׼ǰƬƽԭ
һҪѡһսؾ֮⣬Ƭһ֧ս
ô
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ܲʮȷⳡսȻС
ȱܾó֣½൱ʿ̬̾ͻ䣬ʱ½ٲܻò޸֮ľԴ֮ˮλȥ
ֻг׽У룬нһµʸ
ƺڽ磬ǰ
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һˣﾰĵ·ϣһ·̣Լп鷳
ҹϮɧšԼпֵܳС
޵սĿ봦ԽԽˡ
ܿɹĿ佱ǷŸһν֮Ƣͻһ𣿡
ҶȰһֱǺº͵ģƻرʾһЩ̫˳Ӧѵôӱ˿ʵ
ֱ
λѾ˺ü꣬һεһµĻ⣬Ǹʲôˣ
ˣ
һ㡣
һõͳߣɰͰ͵˵һ䣬һȷеģҲʻ󣬡ֹҲúã˵ŮҲܺá
ȲҪֹƷҲ׼Ůһ£ãӦߵ·ȫһ𣿡
ȻЩСĵطôͳһ˵ͦһµģһͦϲģš
ŶһΪиߵҪء
е̬ȺܺȻһ
Ϊʲô
кܶѡ񣬺ܶ·˵ݣ£ӦѾݻԬ̷Ҳ԰ȵǵص룻
Ҳ®Ϊܣ㲻Ի®ԽУԬŲӦգһԳΪԭص
·㶼ûѡѡΪѵһ·һһˣˡȷ͢ʿĿ࿴ǰ·ͷʲôأ
ɽ֮ϣҫĹֵıʲôأ
ڲܲٴʳȥѲˮεľӽչʱѵõõһУǿһҶҪ価£̣ݵضһ֡
ⲻһϢ֣ͬҲһ˼·һӦԼ֧
֧սͿ࣬ƣǱӦ³ɵı˿̳ΪȫΪĿľӡ
أһӣƺ΢Цƺ̾üƣʲô˼ƽ⣬ȫȻƾһǻ´˹
ТļƣƲģȴӲˣ
һܵҡҡͷ
ͬλϵвͬ뷨ͬĻĳЩµɲ⡣
ֻǷǳģЩ˵뷨һȱʲôҪʲôʲô˿ʲôĵգС
½ͬ
һ˲»׷Ϊʲôĵʲô
һֱöϣʳǸ⡣
ʥ𣿡


276 
ܾж,ߵò죬ÿ첻ʮᰲӪկ
һ֧н;Уĳųȥδػܻ,ΪʱûʲôЯָ,ûʲôGPSϵͳƶ,Ҳƶܳȥʱ,̽ԼΧĶ֮󣬺ܿٻʱͻᷢ־Ѿ֪ȥˡ
˱óһʱЩϰͼѧҪǽһ·ϸɽȵͬʱߵ̫,Ҫгֵķ׷پӵʱ䡣
Щ佫Сĺܲ⣬ʮͬ
֧ӵ½㱾һǧˣǧ,ټɵһǧ,һǧ,ʲôܴ,Ѿ֧
ڻǵȻ࣬ʿѾڶʧȥս,Ҫҽϸչ,˲֮ǰ,ǵʿͻȫ
½ԴǧԭδһһĵżȻһֱȻ񡪡䲻
ʱ,ǲܲ,һô
˵仰ʱ,ص˵ͷ
Ϊϵ,ұضձǰں󣬡˵ΪһٹɣҪأŸɽѪ
ûʲôڽıʺձģձҲΪһ֧Ǵٿսʱ϶һ¡ڽٳûг֣ܸҪһʲôĿġ
ڽҲˣıҪݣнʱҲºۼ
ЩΪ˶ɢ̽ģûеõڽϢÿնǰ򿪵飬Ҳųڽڽķա
˻
֧ǲκʧģ˾ӪÿӪǷףҹѲߵʿǷְأӪկǷˮԴˮԴǷɾ࣬Щ΢¶Ӱ쵽ǵʱ״̬á
½ѾܾûкúõسԹһٷ˯һ޾ˡ
żԼĳСԺ
ټ£һϵҡһҡһ͸˵ѾͻͷԴݵؽժ£Ž
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Ļ뾡ͷܻصǵǸСԺ
ĹõÿһҵĲ԰ӣСˣ󶴡
½Ȼ˹
ӪһƬžֻͩͻȼյϸһѲҹʿĽŲ
ڴŸչʱѾùһ飬յĵͽҪżһڰϡ
ͼ͵ȳ֮󣬳һȥתת
ܴʱĽӽ˯еӪկġ
Ӫկ޽ͦ׼Ҳͦģϵʿ͵Ӫ͸Ļ£ҲѲҹʿȥ
ӪŽգǰƵꢳҪӪŴȥҪ绳ƿʱѾ㹻ʿѹھٵļ֮
Ҫ͵ϮһӪկӪŴȥȷǲ׵ġ
иõ׼
֧ѾƣˣʿսʱǵŴݲѹǵľھ̵Ű
ÿһ˶ڲͣʧȥۣͬǿܲǵۣͬǵͬ硢ͬ塢ֵͬܡ
ÿһͬ۵һδˣЩ˵ľѱˡ
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̫֮󣬵ҹ٣оϣһһ·̣һԽԽٵˣһǻôҪأ
ܴǸʮĲܼ佫ڲܲߵʱȴһ㶼̣ѧ
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׼ͣ
ǡ
ǣ
һդضȣԵƫ˵½ƫҲӦòһ㡣
̫ƣˣܴ˵ǲ߼ʹҲԸʿٴ󶯸ɸ꣬ӪկŲһŲ
ҵĻᡣ
ܴ˫۾עһƮ½ִӪկ֮󣬲δ¶κ־ɫ
Уսܷ죬Ҫǽҹһս
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½µòȷҪŸѪ
ĵصֵȣĻ㵽½ʮ֮ңУСĵرܿг̽顣
ҪȵЩʿѲ밲ӪկĿ룬Ȼҹ㡣
λ
ʤ
ʤ
ܴãĻԭϳڳ˯ӪկʱӪկеʿ˯вԾüͷ
ҲǸоΣյٽҲֻǾսͿ޷ͽͽţִص𶯴ᵽأ΢΢𽥱춯ʱ󶷺Ȼٵˣ
Ϯ
Ϯ
Ϯ

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ʿҵĴ̽Ȼҵش
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Ѿ˾ǻսϣǾҪȥӰ
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սսȥ͵ǰս
ֻܴĵϮ̽һ𣬴ӪկǵդƵҶȥȼľʼѸٱϯӪկѣ
ͬ۵ٻǣٻǼսȥֱۣݣñУ
֮ϣһѾӪկ֮УȲҪһͻϮõľˣ


277 
ôˣƺ,˼Ϊʲôôң
վоſڣкѾʣԶһƬ,ʿȥæµ,ҡ
ǧ˲ֱסһկդ뺾֮ڣСӪ,դΪԮ,
оӪм,Ϊ̣ҲΪȫΧæŷŻɱҵĲܴδ̳嵽ǰ
Ǹܽ,룬֪ҹս,õоʧ룬ɱ
Ӫ֮,æǽͩ͵ľ񶪽Ӫկ,֣ȻûɱȥЩδʿɢ,ȥһӪ
׶Σɵ˺ǺСġ
ΪȻڱ֮ؽвû취ϸոÿһӪկʿ,ֻܼϣЩʿӳӪ,ɱ
˲ܴж·,½ҲӦӦԷ
ȻվоſڣĬһƬҹա
֮䣬ƺѳˡ

һתһͷ
һǳϸµԴŽͳˣ
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ȻһӪХɵϮ𣬳Щʿ֮⣬Ҫ֣֯˲ܴǵ֮ƬҲܵ
ǣЩӪХʿ𽥽ҹỤ̃⣬ϮЩ̼ǣǵֱֹͣȾӪկбɽԨ޿֮С
ǵǵǲҲӪկҴӽҹɫ֮УȵڶҪ£бʱѾʮһҲ֧顣
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˸ѳˡ
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½һ¡Щʿʿÿһϵá
֪ǵ֪ǵļᣬȢ˭Ҹ˼Ů
Ǹ뿪ʱϴոµ·˴˻ҫԼӵ߻öôɣɲɹöôζĺǶôĴϻۿɰѧ˼֣˼飿ѽѽѽҪǽظĳʹҲҫѽ
ʱˣֻһҫƴһս˭˼ˣ˶ͣʵ鳤ܹ͵ͣҲһǸ鳤ѵ˲ɣ
پЩЩҫҲ˵ڡ
ʲôģûгЩЩģͷΪģݣһ·ʬɽѪǡ
û˳±ֻڰӪկϾʱվڸߴһϸ
ٿһۣԽƬ֣ԶЩԶЩٿһ۰ָָ㣬ɿ𣿡
ԶЩ˰
ʵÿÿ룬ΪͿҪ˰
̫ʷȺڣתͷȥױ
ʿܿѯʣƬ̼һϢ
彫ټǿӪзԸ
ܺãЩ֡ͣͣЩȥӪѱ
ǣ
վߣעλ˧һһ
򰵵ĻŲ԰׵ҡҷţյҲĪ
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һɢˡ
תʱ˫۾Ѿֺ䣬ֻӳĻ⣬ٲһ˿
ԥţЩʿ
ûʸǣƽ˵ҾǣӪʿ
½һеĽƺǼ΢΢һЦ⣬תͷȥʿ
ģ˵оӪǰִںҳӪɱУ
ǣ
һӪҪ׻Ʋס
ȱ˾Ӫһ·ˮ߲˵ÿСӪֱ֮½绳ټҹɫЩλõͰڻ֮£ţǲͻɱ
ʹˣĿҲѾһС롣
ǳӪХ֮½ʿɱҲҪһ𣬶һҹѵʲô̼ʿ
Ҫ½̫޷ǰл֧ԭ±ȽҹĹͣ
ܴһˣӪػ⽥ʢл̲סһƮƮģõ˼
ܣһƬնȼѪŨҵɫ
һƬȼյգҪĿԶջߵĶͻɱһΡһΣҪһоӪķ
Ŀûջء
ΪŨһս֮У½졣
ۻսԽԽԽԽ졣
֪ƮĻƺȼһǣǼʹٲ֮ңĻȻС
ܴͫһ˲ʱ춯ˡ
û֧óҹսҹսʱ浶ǹɱе٣ƣзţٴʱƵĲ
ΪŨһУʿǿ죬ҲʣֻҪһ˻ˣǺããȻظŻˣȻδ;Ϳʼ
½ıЩʿǱ˴˼亰ҲǡܰӪˣ
½ûгʱǺǡģ
ʱ½ڳӪˡ
Щɢɢһɽһɣһ˽һ˵ľ죬Ĵźˮݻɽ֣

ǣ
Ž
Ͻ
ˣǵ۳һζȷòܸȷĻǱʤ
谵ӪС·ϣʿһһϣ׵£ʷһǱ㲽ƽ
ǿᣬ½֪޷㲻ģսýֻҪݺݵһնȥ
в㣬ݺݳŵһŵĵֲ£صƴǧ֮һ˲Ǹʿͷ­һƬѪɫ
ڶŵìֲûȴؽìݺ֮Уսʹس˻һ˦
˦ٲֻһŻڴˣ
ì˳ìȥ
ǽˣ
ݳҹ½ԪˣοΪ۽
ܴĿǸһβҺʿƿ
ˣʹҲһ⡣
½潻֣κ佫ܾܾ޴
ⳡһδʿոռϣչߣɶİΧš½ӪЩһƬŨѰӪķ
ȥصתͷǳ
ⳡϮʼʵʱ˵̲̣˵Ӫеһȼգ֯ӪʿȥˮȻ̫ʷȻָ֣ΧЩڿ־ʧȥ־ʿһĨŸոȾһ˿ĺƽ档
ɴӪϣӸµעƬպҹա
ǿҪȥԮ
С½ԼӦˣ˵ҴΪ˵򡣡
ô˵ߵƫСֹģϾҲС½߲ǡ
ɵϢȻΪ֮һ͡
Щ˲Ĳ£ĲڣǸսʮأĹ޿ɱ⣬ӲضԴЩܹΪЧˡ
ͲһС⡣
ЩʲôǾ˳˵ʲôˡ
ƵģĶʷƵģֻҪΥ˵ʲôҲܲˣ
ǶǴʮ̵ϱ룬罫֮⣬սҲ˵Ц
ԭе԰Լ֧ĺ
ôˡ
ߣǳ彫ӪС
˻Сֹ
ҹϮĴ£ŭ˭ˣ
ƫСĵƳһۣƳɽһۣȻһࡣ
ͬЩϢ·Զһ㣬Ҳ׷վ


ǼеҹϮһץסһֻһ֧ã͵ûزȥ׼
ýǼʶʶǲ

սԱǻһ磬ض˶ë
ЩڲܴӪʱӪҹŨ̹죬ܴԼвʱʱ£һܲЩĶ
½ӪǲʺģӪأһƬƽԭ޷ˡ
ƺһ֣üĺ֮ϡ
һĨָ򳷳ӪͼߵһȺ
ǣ
ӦĲǲһŭ𣬻еͳ㣡


278 
,峿ӱߵľȼչ̻һӪ뵣ʲôӰӰ´¡
ϤӪ峿,ҲϤĳӰζֻҪϸһ,
ʿʱĥĥʰҵ,лľȼշž,ŨѾ,ȴɿڻԶ,Ҫĵذһ,ǹཹཱུٲһߴתɵСǡ
֮⣬лڵʿֹĽ̸峿ʰıԹкˮ,еһҹĻһͩͷı
첻ͬ
߽Ƭ,ЩӰӰ´µģζ,ɢ,ӵģ۶ڵų緹ʿˡ
ƺͲƺ²ؽ̸ʱûеȥѪȴԽԽء
塢Ũҡڰ,ƺȥ,ǱصѪѰһĨѪۡ
ʶһʱ,ЩϤһ˲ɢˡ
СӪﾲˣֻվûվ̸ǣԼӪظȽȽݴѪ̶
ִ䣬ǰռأռʸʿһ߾ʬӪǰĿյϣܿͰһţһš
Ǳ죬еƺج֮Уеȴʮְꡣ
·ǲһ֮ңĵط
·Ѿص˼硣
ŨЩ˽･Ķߣǰ
ǿ쵽ˣ
쵽ˣ쵽ˣǶ
ҲǼң
뱱ô֪
ǡС½
纣һ㣬ϳˢӪ
С½ǻؼ𣿡
ؼҡʲô˻᲻ؼң
ЩҲ룬ѵǾͲؼ
һɵҹϮǰ½˾޴ĻңӪХʣܴսƻѾɹˡ
Ҫ֧½ȫûʵв½ʧѪ
֧ʧʮˣڲܴѾǸ൱ʹʧΪҪǼɧ½оӪֱѰҵᣬڽΧ½ıʧѪ࣬޷ٶԲܹκв
ˣѳıõģʮӪضȥʱЩôҲû뵽ӪɽϺȻһ磡
ӪʼɾһֱԶ۲첢Щж·
ȥ磬ǲҪҲӪկ˧ӲӲĴŻջһЩأӪկʹĴ֮󣬾Ӧóˡ
ʱᰴӶУᱣͣټս죬ЩȻὫ
ܵúܿ죬ܲ׼ΣʹȻ
ץסľʱ
ȿ첽ǿܣٶӣȴȻܼһҲɢҡ
ɽһʱܴױѾ֮ܳԶǵתͷҪͷһʲôʱѾ֧ضϣ
ЩӸ£ٶﵽ˶սͬһ㣬ҪγԿʱѾǰ
ôŴݿݺݵЩɢҵм䣬һһѪ
ոյתͷźӶĲܴһ˲Ҳȥ
ѾӪﱼϮһҹȻǱȲЩݾģɢ̱㱻ожϣȻ½ӪмһĻܿҪϡ
һƬƽԭ׼ȷ˵һƬѾվأڻߵĹּ䣬˳棬ŭþȫҪ룬˱ս˦ˤ˲ڻԭϷҽУ˱š
תͷδļ̲һ𣬶ǽǵĲһ£Ȼȿ첽ܣ٣ֱһεոƬѾʼɢ޷Эͬս
ǿߵģܴԴűָĶݳߡ
˼ҴҵԬ⣬ûܶĸ޶ԡܲҲܣ
̫һЩֳֵĺɫšӳˡ
һһĽܴʿǸҲⳡսյʤ
ܴͷһԼʿתͷȥУһźὫ˹ȥ
֧ʮˡ
ƺŽռš
ȷʵŽռš
ŽѾɢǡ
ܴŽһˡ
Ž
ˣһƵƵŵĳ򣬡Žȱ

ǾĪҪƵƵѰϢһ¡
е㲻ĵĲݳܿˡ
û£˵ҲսҲȥΪԶ󡣡
Զصģɫ֮ظһ飬һҹδߣӦϢһ¡
̫ʷȥˣÿһصʧɻû̡
ҶæֻһȽСϾ˧ֻҪԸ⣬Իȥش
˼һ׼վغϢһʱ˽
ʹ
ԥվڳͷעƬĵԭҰ
ʱдУ࣬ͬͯͷϸķ˿
ﶬʱũԲ
ڱˮһļݾڱΣǵصڱΡ
Щʿ֮䣬սһһؽˡ
ױǲ
Щ˴ؽţвţͶӻʴȵطŹ
ִԲ򣬴ȻʴȵģԸƳͶʯԴЩ½ĿˣԸ취ѹ
мͶʯʲô棬ųХű˹
ǲʯͷԶȾʯᣬͶҲԶ
Ǳʯͷ¡
Ǹʿ³𣿡ƫڳңңغִԲʱƣҲˣ
ϵʿĿѣ˵Ľɽ纣ϯ
½Ǹϲˣ
½е⼱ţվ˺ܾãֱݳ˹
ŽƲܴ׶٣
Ȼվ
ļҡ
ҵļҡ
սǱΧȷܽѾݲԶʵôңѡһ
ݣҪһ
һȻⲻһӦѡ⡣
սۣͬнʮİգǼꤣոһգſ־뼢ʹ尾Ԯ
ļ԰أԥͰףʿǵ԰
֪Ϧϣ⾿Ǳʲô鸰ġȥ롣
Ҳѡ
ѡе̬ȺƽңڡҪȥ𣿡
۾
Ǻˮһʹûһ˲ƺûӿڰľƺһηѳˡ
ֻһ
ҲϿɵܲ˼һҪһҪɱ˻Ƿ²ݳױ
ѵǵֳµǵ֮ڣ
Ϊⳡսͳ˧Ҫѡܾⳡս
Ҳȥݡ
ʱʹûƺһ˲ʧˡ
ȡ֮һİӿ
䣬ǿ󣬴ѹֱָ⣡
ϲ㣬еƺһ˿һĳϷʣǴϲãˣ
ļ԰˱øǿˣ
᲻ڣ᲻ɥ᲻ãһЩЩҪĶ㻹Ըǿ
Ժֱеǹǡ
ȻѾĴ޵ˣǹϲѾȫȥȡ֮һǰδеĺ⣬ǿԿϲ̸һ̸ˡ


279 
ˮ˹ӵѾ޳,ʮȷһ׵Ĺ̡
ӣЩӵȫȻʲôˡ
һ򿪺ӵ̣ˮ,ݾҲ֮,˱ǰ
,ʱܴ뿪ϸ,ܵıµȷѰ˱Ȳġ
ܲϸƶһϵмƻ绺ֱ뿪ӪկĻӱ֮ǰҪӼ
б,ؾϳ¥ʱ,ȻһƬһƬĴ̣Ҳ벻Щʿڻߡ
ҪúˮΧס,Ѱһ˵ĵط,ͬ½һս
ܲһƥɫ׳ս,ΧǼʮŶͱ뺷ｫ,Сĵعм䡣
˾һĺƤë,ִʮֺ΢Цȷûʲô˧ǡ
ٵȼ,ˮˡСֹ
ĪЩ͵,ھ򿪣ԽС淽ʮﶼ
ٵȼ,תʱ,ˮҲݽ,Ϳֻʮĵط,ɴݲԼıƬ
ܲ⣬Ҫתͷȥ΢ЦͬԼıʿϼʱԶȻм

λսϵĽؿһǸʹ
ʱһѪ˳
ĸ𲼿ĥˣմȾѪҳѾ㲻ʲô֤
ܲپӸµ֣ӹǷš
ݵĺдģʮּ̣ʮȷʮּȣ֣ͬݶ
ϸؿţ˿Уɫִʹۡ
͵óˣܲƽ˵ȥնˡ
սѾԽԽ鷳ˡ
ͣˣ
ʹ;ͬڷѩ֮ǰʵǣֻɽۣܻѪʹĹʵ
·̫Ҳ̫ʹˡ
ʹ־Զ˵Ĳܲ٣һ˲Ҳʹȡ
ҾĳЩΪ̫ɣҲòϣʹӵԶ˵óҲɲס
ڿ佱𣿡
Եɿ佱˵ĵ׼򣬲ҽǸʵʣЩ޴Ϊʵϲ޴Ϊ˳ͻŮ֪ļȶޣӦøе
ʰӪկĹ̫ʷȣʹ򽻵񽻸ܴûܣ֪Ҳġ
߻غʣҷԸκ˶ҪȻԼоϡ
ûиоʲô⣬ֻúۡ
ƺƣȻʮȶԺ
Ӯõʲô뷨𣿡
뷨ٶ۵룬ʲô뷨
һ佫



ӵ˿ûΪã㲻һ˷𣿡
úƺȰ˵Ҳյֻ־Щٶۣ޷ظӦ
Ǻе˵ȣһηˡ
˵һ仰һˣʱܸعء
ⲻʾϿɡ
һʡ
ȻǰܲѸٵѹѸʶû˸Խ˹Ρ
΢΢üͷ۾ȴƺȻ΢Цؿ

šһ
ΣѾݲ˱
ɱǸʹϾھ
Ӯһ̡
ݵԭҰϣǲǰոʱģϸϸҲѰһ롣
ЩǿھһûԼҰĺӵģ޵۾ҪѪȻп޳Щ˾ͱϢˣҲû
ڵվںӰϣЩʣµʱСصͷ˭Ҳͬӡ
˭Ҳ̧ܱ֤ͷʱʲô޵۾
ôأ
ܲٵĿǵɨƬִҪͳΣҪȵĴϡѾģԵģˣԹ˰
󺺻еǸʱҪһηǿȨĹԱ˴ۣ
ǣɳʱ¾սҪҲ˴ۣ
ԬܽˣձݱǫսʱȻбֻҪǹµأܻᾡĽµģҪһƽ
ԣôߵľأ
ܲغһҪ˵ͷǸսƻһƣ˵ı˵Ҫдһţһ㡣
˼·ѾƬ̵ʹ侲±򶨵ľͳ˧
ȻֽһԼϵĴ멡
δȴѾ䡣
½ȥؽŵıӳ˹
Щ䣬Ҳһ衣
һ磬лδ֮Ÿе̹ǵĺ䡣
ⳡսͬһɽһ·ıһ·ķսһ·˺ʹ࣬ʱĴۡ
ôܻʲôأ
ʣܸмүүҲмӺúͳµǣС
ݰգǻм㣬Ҹˮӭǡ
һ۽˵͢Ҳһͣϳ͢ӡ֡
Щ㹻Щ㹻һ·㹻ʿܹѪ㹻԰ʹ
㹻ʾ
ôܲԼѰһЩͣ
˵ߵһ㣬һ㣬ֱ䣬ֱܲɱ
ԴΪţƲܲ١ͨߣӦ£
ܲⳡսУԳûչԼֱ졢ࡢԥԼС
ɽ֮ϣڹ֮еĽͣʲô
һ̣ˡ
ҫ۹¶ı¹
ԥŲgϳǽʱ½׻æվ
վʱȻСģ⿴һۡ
ŮǽĿյϣͬӪŮά
СƵسǾ󣬿ʮʯǿ󣬿ɻţƤʮʺݳʱɱ˹Ƿ
Ԭ̷һգȴδռ°ֺôֻתΪأרͬؾġ
ʹˣȻǿݳΪҲ˳伸
㲻ʲôĹսǸһԹķй
˳ؾ²⣬ǽŭˡ
gĹע㲻ڴˣܺЩҪۿһ
ƾҿ£
һҲصסԥЦˣǲҪôá
仰ǸСϲһá
ĿЩɵ˻µؿЩԥЩɡ
м̣ɽ
𣿡
޷˲ܲ٣ǻ˲ܲٺ½ʲôġֻΣ
ԥȻһ£˿ûбgĻŭûбҡ
ʸʿȴһװ佫վھǵĳͷϣȷ˵һ
һʵһʲô
ʲô
ϸˣҪôһͬѡ
ⲻ
ŷɡƣЩ佫ţұɱǣǵѾҿǵļ롣
бʾҲȱǣһȺӵߡ
Ҵһ򵥵ģӵк佫һıңȷһôӵ𣿡ʵܹ˵µԥʧ𣿻пڣǲǻҪɱ˼ӺáµһҪ
һϴǱҪģȻƽͣЧ˵һͰҪĴۣ˶ѡ
ʼѡһЧң޷ñѻرҪĴ۲ˡ
㻹Ҫʲô
֪ġ
һӽʥ͵˱ȨڻѪ֮ϣҪʲôȹ̣
ĳӣΪÿһ˶ٳ羴ƷֻΪǣ
ĵ۹ԽԽӴҪöɵҲԽԽ࣬еȨǾƱҪ²㣬²㵱եȡ
ҵİǽᱻʲôͳΣһȺѪ๷
Ƕ㲻һ𣿡е÷ǳºͣǿΪʲôҪǵ
ôʹҲǵʵҵͳνʷʲô
㲻ÿǺĿ㲻ǴûԼΪʥ𣿡
˵ʵû
ԼʥͣҲҪ˽ʥ͡
ڵϣһȺ֮䡣
ԣ룬ֻǱȵ˽þܶ˻ȥúһ㣬һ
Ҳʥ͡
Ϊʲôô
ΪҲһҲú˾ãʺϱɵĵ֪һһ죬ǾЩԼĳŵԼԽ϶й嶼޼ɵڽ¼̤ˣǿߡ
ΪУΪ
ûа
ΪڣԴ޵Уʼһ̷̣ʼܹԼ뷨ȥ¡е±ñ̹ǣЩˣѵһʼعŲ𣿡
ûû㻹Ǹ
ҡ˼·һ˲䱻һֻεץסˣֱֻᣬ۾ϣϣϣʲô
꣬˵֪㲻ϲѡ񡣡
ϲ
Ķһ˲佫ȫȻû
ӿĺͷеÿһ䣬Ƕںͬһ仰
㲻ᣬ㲻ܣ㲻ҷ
Ϊζͬѣζͬѣ
ǰ滹һսʧȥ˵ƥһĸˣ
㻹
·ֻƷЦţţţȰοţȶųһ潲̹ǵĻһ۵ذ
Ҫģвܳʱˡ˵ֻҪ㣬Ҫһϣ֪ģǶ˵õľϣ
ʧȥơ
ľҲ𽥱
ֱණ˳һŵչʾǰ
Щ΢ĶЩо̻ĶЩûʸʷᣬȴ顪
Ĳ԰ʱڼϵһС黨ѪȾĺˮ£̧ͷȥһ˫Ķ׹
۾･ɫĵ⣬ǵǹâ͸ȥһ˲ǹ̫Ĺԣ
þȫٻĵǱĳ೤ĳʱ½㷢Ϊ׶Ĵ̹ǣʹĲҽС
б£һ֧ҪߵıѾӪء
ܲһҪõĳǳأ󷢲ڳµһ
ӡ


280 
½һ֪ɽС
ʱضҶ,һŲȥɳɳ죬֪Ѿѻ¼,,֦ͷһƬݲеĻҶƮ
ǹʯ,ɽ·Ϊ,վ˾ʯ,ؼ,żһδĺҶżּһʯµɽȪ
ƺнںҶɹ,һβ
ֻȴƺͼʮֲչ˫ִҴҷ⴦ŵء
ܺã,ͣҲܺá
ƺиϣ,һɽķźá
ãȥƺһɽͷƹһɽ·ڽµˡ
ЩҶ֪ʱ˱ѩĺۼ,ʱʪԽߣԽԽ,µĻѩҲԽԽ
Ȼͷ,һƬҫ۵⡣
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ɽʱȴط˽ȵǡ
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ޣͣݵңݲң
õԽԽҲԽԽС
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ܲٵľȻ֮£ݵվš
Ͳ֪վʲô
ڣһҡ
쿴
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ݾƺڳˣҳòǺȣǰĺʱƺΪָӲһƬݵĻС
ֻҲأֻʿ׷ʲô£ɻԼظߣ±£˴˳Ľˡ
һ˵ľӣĻ
ⲻӦڵǰ¶Ļҡ
ΪԭͺΣգڵǰΣգһСģͻΪˡ
ڴȥھͳΪǸ֮У׾ٵػǧٽһĻɢΪݾȫ
ƫˣǱضˣ׷ȥ׷ȥòã
ϽǰɣһԹսӷҲˣ㣬ǣȾǰ
ֻаˮڽˣǵı಻Ϊˮ˶һȴ
ǽϵˣҲˡ
и࣬ˣûа취ѰһߵأֻڱˮﰾţȻȥ
ЩԭΪҲѸٱˮ˲ʵɫ
ڳΧ˿ЩǿԽһЩϢܲ١
ǽϵˣ
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ʱʮߣʮߣÿնҪپߣ
˺ӣҲһЩʿ
Լӳǽȥ
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ݾˣҳʮֻҡ
ܲٵĿԴһһ˿ҵݡ
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284 
̫б,ܲٵıˣıҲ˻شӪˡ
ʿææµµؿʼ췹۽Ϊʲôû׷ȥ
ǵ²޷Ӱ쵽λ˧
Ӱ쵽˴˿̶о
ܲű󲻹,һ˿ڣҹϮӪһټ𣡡
˾սͿ࣬¾ɢ,֤
ʧ
һǼУξֿԼ׽⼸ˡ
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ûпڿ
һȦˣ,һֱڵҾȽ,мơ
Ǳһмƣӷ̷,λЭѵʤ𣡡
˵һ䡪ܡ
Щ˿ܲӹ,,ԼԲҽܲٵӹſ²ܲٸµ,ֻ˵֮ǰܲٶݣ佻ʱһ,ͼԵܹܵ,ǸᡢԲڽĽ졣
һԼĴ¼Ҵ,Է˶,,ֲ˶ɽжȫأ
Ȼһӷûʲô˵ģ룬׼ڣ̫ʷȿһӷȻ˵ˡ
ӷԡ
һ㶡
ǡΪнʿ롣
ӷææһ䣬ǰʱƣʱݽҹϮأأ
̫ʷȵ۾ʲôûУȻڶؿһ˲ʲôˡ
˵ӷһûãȫڵȴ
ЩУξЩƫԼЩС٣йǣǵļҾݣҲһ
ҪһЩȥȣٿһЩ
ЩӳǽȥûļҾ졪ǻ롪δûǵģ
ֻҪһԼĸĸ޶ĺˮţǵҲڷи尾һ㡣
˲ܲټһξͲˡ
ȻģּȵһҲˣ죬ʮ죬ܻӪկЮò
ͻȻƿڡ
С̽ͷ̽ԣҪЩʳ
Ͻڰ֣ҪСʱȴȻվˡ
ʳúЪһЪ΢Ц˵ҾƵƵ̽ʲôϢء
ӷƺ˵ʲôλҰôЩģûٴߴֻתͷȥ˿ſǸСŵĲ̡
ôЩ˵ҷԸɱһֻᣬ˳԰ɣ
½ʶһԼĺ֪⼸ûôˮ׵Ĺϵѹ̫Ĺϵ۵ý
˰ɣ˵Ⱦˡ
ʱԪֱ·˼Ӻ裬ڽһЦ˵ϵҲ罫㣬ֻԸһġ
֪ܲٵθںòãǺõİɣݾҺǸоܲƺ̬ȵúܣʲôжҳӡ
ȷûʲôθڣһһ߲ˣһɣӣַˡ
Բ𣿡
ûע⵽Ĳױɡ
һɲɻеԵõô˵
ֲҵױֻʲô
ѿӷ£ֻףҨһ׳ζ
ζ
촽ϵݣһ˲͸۾ˡ
ͦˡ
⼸һ㿴ǣôݣ
⻰ô˵أ
һպﵽ׷ʲô£˶ܺ棬Ҳû˲µó
ʹû˲µó۵Щ𽥽һԣӪ
ӹɵġ
ûжӣҲ˵ھԮ·;Уʲô⣬ֵȷ˲ܲ٣ô⼸ݽ־޴Ȩ顣
ʧȥ˺Уг׵սʿ䣬Լáʿǻ
ǻô룬ݵʿô룿
Ϊʲô½֮ǰңϲܲ٣ֻҪԼ¹ǳȥͺãȴͣǰˣ
ȣһߵλã
ԥɶȻһ䣬Ϊʲôȥأ
ʲôûӦȥʲô
ȥϮӪһʵ̬ȺȻ˵ǲܲԤıҲлѣʱ˵Ӫнʿˡ
ҲҪҲ֪ܲٶɣӪбвá
ʿǲ֪㲻Ҫ˵𣿡
·ܲԡ
вãλ׾ٵѣüͷ¼գϲˡ
ƺһҲû򶯣ѵұ𣿡
ϦȥӪ̻Ũһʱּˡ
лδĵյֻаһյСƣӳɵ
΢Цſüۺȥ·ƺ޲ͬ
ƾĺͻȻ۽Ǵϸơ
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ǸЦݾͺȻһ¡
ǰʱȷѾȥܾˣɰͰ͵Ӧһ䣬ȻȻһˣһؿδȢޡ
δȢޣ
δȢ޸˵ʲôãûȱ»ס
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ǸΪսúܽҲúܾõƺͻȻһ¡
ʱ˵⣬ͺܲԾ
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ƺЦǱȥˣҲĿƿЩֺͻأؿ
һһģӳ۾Ĺ⡣
ת¿ʱոŵĹƺֻĴ
˫ڵ۾һеʮ֣ضࡣ
ܲĶ֣֮ϣ񲻸Ѱʤ֮
Ȼ۾ʶʲôı޹أΪ½ܲƵսľ̸֮
ΪܲٲĻᡣ˵
佫΢Цŵ˵ͷ

ȥѰҵת֮ǰľĻȳ⣬ٻһʤľս
֮һпʵһҪ׼ս
ɫѾȫȥ
Ӫ֮С˯һĲܲѾ˹ױΪ̿𣬶ŷ齡
еͷؽᣬͷҲûȫãԼҲ½ϮӪʹ׼Ȼ޷½ܴı֡
Ҫ룬һʱ˽Ȼܺãʱһ

ܲЦŵͷ
һ£Цˮ֮Сˮ֣·Աˮûֻʣ·пУס·󣬽չȻʮ½ͨ籨֮ˣ
һ˵һߴȡһȾѪĲ顣
ܲչЩʱͫһ˲ˡ
ʮڲͬʱ뿪С棬̤·ģдȫͬ
ǶҪ½ţٽݣʧ۲Ǳƽ
½յһţΣ
ǸӹǸ޲ţҲʮͬܲٺȥ
ܲٽʮⲯ龡ԶУ´ЩðŵĲһ𣬻Ϊҽ
˼ƣһп½յЩ飬Ҵӣ
Ⲣ֮ʼᶨ˵˵֤
ܲץסʿ֣ҡһҡöԷúȦ
Ĺά
ȻǣĻһʵ
Ϊ˵ڶ죬ٴΰڳ໥ʱλڶϣ½˶
ս£󣬻ǰ
֮µĲܲ۾ȴٳûпڣߵü伤ظһ顪
˾ˣ


285 
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峿ʱܲǲյеġ
Ϊʱ½ıڶ,̫ȽȽ
ڿ˵ʱŽյ,ױһĻѡ
⽥ôۣ뻷׵ĹҲôۡ
սԽԽ,ԽԽ,ͳۻ,ϯȺɽ֮ɽ·𷢳Ļ졣
Ӧ͵ģǲĽŲ
зɽж̹ǡ
˲ܲٵĴ멣΢΢,ԵĴ
乭ָһȼյ̫
Ӷ֮ʱ,к£
½ѡ峿ʱܹⷢһܲȻҲԼСϷ
ݱɽڣ峿ɽȻǼӲ,ߵĹܱȶøԶЩ
ܵסǰ,ȴԵסͷ,ʿϵص¡
˲Ȼ,˵ǲǵǰ,ҽ϶ϡ
𣿡ܲ̾һԭǸɱİӶ
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Ҳ˶ѡ
˻Сģսлʤͳ
˼ʹЩ˴½֮£Ȼǲսʤģ
ΪҪһЩϸģģϵͳĶЩҪͨѧϰľһĳһǴġ
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½úܺã½ʱ̽ɧŵļ겻ľҡ
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ǵǭ׳ٿǵһսֻꡣ
ڲϳɳ
ܷ²ΪԼãôɱˡɱȥԬܴȥߴⶼһ޴ѡ˱ɱܲ룬һսʤһҪ
һۣûнӻ½Ŀ۾Ƭӵеսϡ
Ѿ˺ˣгƱųì֮ݺݵضȥҲ̻ìĺ⡣
⼸ʮľϣ˫ɱһţ
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ޱȷģܿһеǰıУƿƤʳͬ˺һʵֽɲ̣ҡ
ʧȥ˺УòһҲǰƳɵıʱظܵķ
ģҪԼȥ
㼫ֻܼסıУ޷ϣ
Ȼܴ͸һơ
Ҳ޾ӻԼԼȷá
СĽ
ǧʿǹӻǴʿḻ
оǧǰԼϱ̫ʷͳ죬оͺ۰븽Ŀѹ
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һ۶棬ֿ˿Լǰоľ룬ٻӶ죬оҲŽսסǰ֧Ԯ
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ĴۣôܲϹأ
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ҪֻҪЩǰ߸ٲ߽ɽھͺá
ֿһˣ׼һ׷ʱ򣬶ٵںҵַ
жӣжӣ
ý
ý
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ͣ˽ŲҲͣ˽Ųʶ̧ͷһۡ
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ˣ潫ɽﴩ⻹ʲôɣ
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ֻҪҵľڽʱΪʤУͻɢķ㳲˾ʤĻᡣ
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ֻǧʿܹսǧҪıؼʱҪԼάסʿ
ܲپ뵽һ㣬ŷѾҪɢ޶ȵصܸӴ档
Ҫô˵Ѿ޷ǰһݿսأ
ս̼˱仯ٸ˼ء
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ݱڿٵؽսԽԽ࣬ǰҲڲϵ£Ҫжǰо֮ϵһκΧ
δս֮󣬿ɽµҶҪĺҶҪ˰ɣ
սһ𣬻Ⱥɽۻ׳Ļ졣
½㲢ûаγǱ彣Ǵױȡһá
ʿڴģȵģ羴ĿУ׷ĽŲУλ˧ʲôû˵ֻǳĬţȺɽӭȥ


286 
һɢĳǳء
ʯͷĶ,ԴӼ̵¥̨˲࣬ʿ,Ҳȫһ㡣
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ǾľϣСȡů
⡣
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ڽڼˮ֮ûа취ŽֵɨУǺؽﶼӽˮ
Ϊ¹ЩգǼûѧʶû˼ǻÿһѾ㹻ѣ޷ٹ˼ǳػ᲻ߡ
ǳʧȥ˽ྻˮԴǧȷġ
Ѿˮľʿ,Ȼòꡣ
ֻ,ǲܹӵһˮȡ
ڲ,ÿ춼ΪɿʶȥȱȾˮ,ÿ춼˸кֹǵĸкֽһ˸صˮȾ
Щȹˮ˴ڼͰ֮󣬽ʹĬؾǵļжߣȻ˳Ÿ߸ߵĳǽȥ
Ҫһɽˣһؾ˵´Ҫһ򶪡
ʵҲô⣬һؾش´ȥģ˵ǣ㲻ռһλ
Щײ㣬ˮѾ޷ϵʬ˵ȻԽ棬ԽЩ
Լ桭˻ȪӦҲ˷ֱģɣ龹ȻҲǸؾĶˡ
˽Ȼֱˡ

æץԼŬչõ·ҪԼһҲԵһ㣬ǵҲѾʮֲˣ˲ûŢԼɧζ
ǵһɫӣؾӡԭӦīɫģߡ
ϲƯ·˭֪
·Ҳ༫ˣŢѪȡԼһЩֱ治һһӡǣɺԣˮзݡ
һǱ
ˮѾˣȣԡϴ·ġ
˵ʱǰȥģģ㲼ˡ
ôһ죬ѵ촽Ѫ˿Ե촽ˡ
һѪɫҲûС
һУһжãСһ죬ϽӦһ䡣
ͷ֪λ鲢꣬ǻ㷲֪Լǲʲôطŭ
ʲôطҲûŭֻҲܱܾ꣬ҪѰһ٣йһеⲻҲ
ѾҪ̲ȥˣ˶ڱԵѵ
ˣȻЦһҲϵգҶϲ˭˭ˡ
⡣
СϽһֻûȫõӲûɾ
ɸֵֹȥԼָ˲
㣬һ߲һ˵ȸ˲ܲ٣Ѻӵһ£ʵغܷʣͦõġ
ееۡ
Ҳš
ûס
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Լҵһ߲һ߿ޣǻصס
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ôزס㿴ǰЩʱգܲٹͦģͿʼΧˣҲ·ٿڡ
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ԶȻݱӪأֻȷʵЩ
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Сɵؿȥˣ
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Сֲ֪˵ɶ
ܲ˶թҪǴļˣǵǵٴ񣬼ЩʱգרĶԵСǣȻָָΧչʿҲ·ɹɹС½ϾŮޣ˳ǣ²ҪЦǰ
Цǡ
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ޱ޼ʵݱһŭ
ߵò죬͹ˡ
ĺ󷽿ʼǰʱ̳Ϊ˼зΪĿĴڡעĿģնԹо˵룬ûʲô˻⡣
ʱʿǻἤս۾﷢Ŀɡ



ֻһСľ룬ʿǵĺͬĺˣһһϯǰ
ЩΧǰҲӾ֮
̫ʷȴ˵߳жȽȣ
ǰںϤѸӿڰΧȦУЩʿǵͣʼϵźͻƣ
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Щݱֵڻ£ܵ˺󷽣źʿϾһʸʱ򡪡սƼ̾Ͳ˱仯
һݵìֲҽŵ£ڶŵҪʱЩȴһ
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ʲôôҪװģ
ǲҪװǼʱͰ
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½ǲϧ˽ģ̬Ⱥ״Ľп
ϧʿĽһһεغʿ棬һЩصúܺõɱǰһСİΧȦ˳
ܲٱػԸĽ
ѾȫԸʿҲѾȫԸ
ͬȫԸķ
ȥȫŽ跨
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ƬսѾ޿صܡ
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ĺԨ´һ
׷ˣɱ½
ǲҪʤҪסԼս
ţнںеĲܲ¶һ΢Ц
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ǳսҪδ
ܲһ˲伸ҪԴǿһѾɽ˳Żصŭɱ⣬Ȼ̤Ƭڵս


287 
ܲٲû,෴ѵһ֧Ϊľҽ,ǿʼ,һ·ݳǰկ,һϯԭĿһ,һ·רڶԿԬ׷ɱ
ݴͣıԭѾսͿ࣬ȡ˴ݣ׼ݳݴͣ
ıη֮ƶģȻǹ½֧ɲػˮ,ڽȥû
ط,½ôǰ
ỹһ߻
ÿһ֣ÿһǾÿһҪʬǣ
®,ߣԬ,ʣڽ,һͣ
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ܲ,½,һ·,Ȼǰʱ,ֻǧϱ,ǧȫǸ֧ԮĿ
Ѱ˵۹,ǿ֮ĩ³ɣһ֧ƣѼĲбܲǲػ˼Դġ
ȻȫԸӭսˡ
½һֵ֣£
½ʲôǿ󣬶һȱҲãųҲգûʲôϵ
Ǹı󶯵Ľ죬ıʱ˼ʱһǰɱʹݣҲ޷ߡ
ĻѾˡ
ɵսĶϽʮɽսڣڲܲٵĺϳ忪һӣ
λͳ˧ӸµעһĻҲЦһСƣһȺɢĺ֮УֻҪ·ǰЦѾ޷ˡ
ʿͬ絴ӵľݣȻԲݶ£̫ɽƺӣֺƴĺһҪݻٵĵˡ
Ȼо̼ˣ̲סЦһ
Цһ̣һɺʿǸǰ

ܲһԵУξұķӦ죬һƣ֧ݺݵض棬ãͣ¡
ڻʿΧڲܲܣöƺԼ廤סʱͳ֧ĽһԾսɵԽǰ漸ʿɸٳ̵ײ˽ļ׵
ϵĺѹ׼شԠţβɫ졣
򶫽ͤһۻ뻪׭ɺƮ
ʿһ˲۾
һ̣·ѾܲסصͷΣȻ˳
ɵ࣬ѾȫɢƽԭսϣǼ޵еġ
ⳡսδʼ֮ǰͬ½Ҫпʤܲ٣˺ܾö۲һ
ⲻҪҳ˵ܲǸܽˣƾǧҪһ忪Ǻѵġ
ȣкμţ
ȣҲûõģ˰죬ü㿴ռɽˣֻ˽ɽѵܷɽԽ룬ܵɽ·ȥ𣿡
Ҳűزˡ
ܲѡ˴ӪԼıѱϣԪֱ˼һ֮󣬾ȷطܽսƽԭԶȣҲܺݾ
ս
Ԫֱ뷨Ծ϶ǶԾģǽݾƽԭϣܽսɢǿ϶ôô塣
ǲܲٲɵӰɵ
ҿһ̫֮ʷ̬ˣʱթΣ
ܲٱңù
ֿʼһֳĬ
һ뷨
½ͻȻ˵
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ߵ޷֪սǵѾȻȫԸģǣ±ᣬǻһڿҲ˳ȥֱܵýƣѾմѪĻĲ֮ϡ
ڴʱ̫ʷȿʼ£о
ߵģҲҳϵĶӵһߣסЩȻߵʿҪÿһ˶ϵش󺰡
ٰܲˣ
ٰܲˣ
ٰܲˣ
źԽԽʱݾڲ˲Ծ
ߵͬһһ£
ڶߣ֮ȥԽԽ죬ԽԽ
սǵĶУ찡
УξϣЪ˹ش󺰣ɤӶҪ˻ƣ۾ҪѪᣬǻûʿѾ嵽ǵǰ
ЩҲãҲóꪣҲֻ˳ִӵϰһìҲǴγ˻׵ǰʱݱлֳͭ쯣shu һ
ͭ쯲̶ͬ೤޷âȻ׵ԳһЩȻĳߣͷϵв߳ͷǲ̵ͭ
ⶤһսĵʱǴ׵佫ǲ׵ʿһ˲䱻ҵԽѣعǰݣ
ÿ˺ܶʵķߣײг̶ɱ¾棬һʤһ
һȾѪĶͷʲôʿվȽŲ
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ôҪҪȥԮС½أ
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ǵĽƺһҲûԼʿ֮⡣
ΪǣŸðķա
ɵ۾ڼˣһ˿һ
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һƬսУҪǱʱĺԨ۾
Ϊˣ
Ϊٹ飡ȥץסļ򣬡ĺսã
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Ц
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ʿǻھӵطƻȥ
ѾѪĻĲݣЩҲ۵ʬ

Ŭ̧ƤһڱͷɢԪֱȾѪĽվǰ
Ҫæȣܾˡ
ôȻأ
̫ѧˡ
ʿǿ˵ȴ
ԪֱԼСӣ֣еַˡ
ռư
Ҳ룬˵İգݵİգڵҰС
˭ţ
ɫȥ
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ӷӶѪѪˣҲˡ
ʱͬҲȰγʸսأ̫ܲ˵Ц
Χߣ˵ʲôоѾˡ
ôô࣬ôôѪ룬о߳ܡ
ǵλŮĽŲʱӷЩ߰ͷʧˡ
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ȾѪ׽Ͽʲô顣
Ϊѹ
Ӯˡ˵ɳƣ͸βסƣ
ӷŬ¶һЦݣ̫ˣܲܡܲȥȡҰ梡
Ůעףص˵ͷ
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ǡ˵ҿԡ
˵ĿˣΪʲôǺ᲻أ
ΪʲôߵЩͣأ
Ȼ֮䣬С½ȥף
ɵй
žһһɴĶͷϣ
ۣ۵ᶼҪˣȸոձ˿һҪ۰
ûʲôˣС½˵ɣ
ӷ촽ʿܹ˵ЩʲôֱҴ뿪ĽֿΧȺæĿƿĽͣȻоίˡ
ᣬôҲֹס
Ұˡ
ƬսҪɨܾãԱһսƷ϶Ȼ۵ǰġ
սƷȻҲս˵Ҫսʲôã
˵λս룬뽫ǣǣǾʶױ˵е㲻̫Ͱͣ壬ҲС˲ܡ
ʲôʶһ߸ױҴץ˷²ķȥһݾûʲôʶġ
ɫˣˣ˵˻ѡ
ǸսڻԿŻ𣬵Ǻ䣬ȿȿȿȸͣ
ĽŲԽԽʱ̧ͷ
ǸʿͷųûУƺ̫ãȵȦ죬ԵñӷҪί
ױָŹΣСʵǽʶ𣿡


288 
ƺǺܾǰһ档
ʱγʲôţ
һͺ,㰮Ц꣬ܶθ˴򽻵ԲԼݵĶŷ,θ˵ĸо֡ڳܺ͹̸̸Ҵ,ں趼ܺʿǽѧڽͷβҲܺͷĽ⼸Ǯһ
֮͸ῪʵıһȫͬĹΡ
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ҲһŵȻûƻǷ֮,нı仯żͻһ룺ûйƻ󵽺أ
֮,û˵ڣǿ˹һۡ
,Ǿʶɣ˵ǲĻ,Ѱһ̺
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ǣ
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ǴúãȻĹСһ㲼ǹ
ǿЦģΪ˲ĹҲȻľʽ࿹⡣
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ȻǺһЦҰֱģ


289 
ʱ,ڽʿҲսźսУԴ
֧ڳʱһʧ,ͬܲٱźһ,άӪǧ˵ݣױжʮ,ᡣ
֧ʧȥ֮ʳͳ,òĴΪڽΪӪλãصʿȥԶһЩĴ,ЩػصжҲʿǸеƣ
֧,ر˵ѺЩ,ͺϲˡ
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ǵĿƣһҲûС
ƫ˲ȵϵĻĲݡ
ƬԭѾսƺѾЩ仯
ʲôı仯׵ģûʲôѧʶĺ˵ãһӪıƬսʱòԾˡ
ÿսƬԭ͸ٺɫʣһڵ𣬵ڲҽУһģһŲȥᷢߴߴǰأѪҺ۵̫֮࣬Ȼɢʪˡ
ʿսսƷҸЩðİնѻٷԸ֮󣬻ԭɫͽˡ
ڵģЩ⼣ֻ߽ῴûиɺԵѪȽȽζǲˣػᷢһɸζԽԽ֮ҲԽԽӲ
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ιͺͺ֣˼ϸڿޣڿߡ
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һ˫˫Ѫ۾߸߾ĲƬԭεģĹ
һ˲ˡ
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ԼӦõһģ룬ȻҲסһ
Ȼһ˲ǰ֮һɴؿڣ
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ţֿʹ
ŵһ졭öأ
ˣʿǵѣѰѰ٣ֵͬܣԼϽµʿԼʲһӵľ١
ǳŻѣϸϸشսһˣҵһˣƬѾȫڵսϣһһǳѰŰ
壡壡

ʣʣ
ְ֣
һԵһˮʹȥ
ˡ˵һ䡣
ʹĿ⾼ؽҧʵ
֪׿ǰǲʮΪʹ˼ţ
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׿ǰϢǲţΪڳСļ·Ѳߣһ죬ɱռ䣬Ѿʮʹ
ǡ㣬ˣû뵽׿ģĲ¡оԼЩ̫˵ˣæһ䣬ӳΧȦ͵أ
ҲŹ֮ʹ˵Źж֣Źüչֵ䣬ëԼ
Ŷֵˣһģ䣬˴ӦֲܹƲϰİΧȦ
ͷȻǿΪսûͷ­һ˲ѹ
죬֪˵Щʲô뵽˺ܶ໰ÿһ䶼޷ʱ
˸࣬˾ǱѪŢһƵģվؾϵѪ
һһ
һգֵǵգʮʹգ˺ܶܶϵãԺҲ֪յһ
ߵǰ֣ضȻأһ
Ĭע˫ˮ۾


290 
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ʿʱƿʣıһƬӨ׵硣
Щ,ҹĺѾǺܲ齣Ǵ˶¡
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Ͼ¯,ůˮԼ
һʿߴﹾطһɧһ߷ɧһ߲ű䳱ʪĵ,Ҵ߳ӪկĴѰЩ֦
һʿ֧췹,һʿҴææݳ,չķԸ,ЩҹǰĹеϸտһ顣
ͼû˼,Ҵææоʡ
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ȫΪղܲ찣ܲս꣬ԭҲǼ֮ˡ
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ڳһߣ鿴Щٺʿ״̬Ρ
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½תͷƽشʱȻȷʵЩġ
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λݴʷһȦԭԲ֮һʿڽƮƮɵĵҷˡ
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һҲ񺺼ҵʿһ佫ˡ
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վڳͷӸµָؾһһĵоʱֹȻʿġ
ú¹һˡ
һðźģͲҪס˵ʿ
ʹܹĶݣ¹еڴأЦʵڳУ·ݷã
ǵзȵЦʧˡ

ڳǶһСԺ
סǸеСԺʿķںشһӣ˵һЩ¹ÿĻдһЩ¹ö֡
öġ
Լ鲼ڴͳһһĺö
óһЩɣһЩֽ֮һ鿾ţ˳С˿顣
ţֻǱƤ죬滹Ѫܵģ⿷ʽū˿ʮζõóֵļƷ
óһˮ֮󣬽һЩڱǰĵϣǾζƮ
һĳǳ˵Щ󲿷ֶΥƷ
Ϊ˻ɱ˳⣬ǾƸõԱҽٴ˿ʱܶʹࡣ
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СڣȻҪҲؾģЩҲҰ˭ҵģ÷
СţȴһҲûзʡ˼Щ⣬㰡ұôоִ̼򽻵ҪʲôûŪģ
룬ҫؼһ䣬Ǻܻ
ŵǿͷ­Ȼǲܿģһȡţԣһ⣬һھƣֹں˱߳Աģĵÿļˡ
㷹ūƨվˡ
һ⣬ȷʵеˣ˸տʼԺʱЦݲˡ
Ӹµضǿֵľͷ
ҵˣһҪ¡
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ҽֻѰԺȣ㣬ǧĪࡣ
ڼ̵ؽŽţźںɫģ۵𽥸һɱ
ҽ̤ƼݣȥѰϵȵƤãţ򣬻Щ߹ʿˣǵѪ㡣
ΪһУ


291 
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Ҫ˵׷,ʵҲ׷ϰľӪɽԱȻҪһȦܵ,չ鲻Զ
Ǻżˡ
ݾ֮,Ԯܿͻᳱˮһӿ,ûбҪٲ׷,ڴӶӵǲܲ١
ǻʵ۵,ͬʱҲһˣҲһ֧
ս֮ʲô,ܲٱضҲͬ
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Щֵũ˻Σ
ڼ֯ĸΣ
Χ¯һ濾,һũߵΣ
һѩ,Ȳܳȥ,ڼҵһҰܵͯΣ
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Ƕ˵Ҳʲôǣ
ݾԣԼĸĸ޶,ֵá
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ϲϰ֮ǰץһЩعԮһҲǧˣ׼һս
ץĶһЩĿû꣬ǧˣǧ˻ǿ϶ǲġ
˵˿꣬λʹ޳ܵһףЩʿ޶Сνܷǽ׹´ʿ¡
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½ʿѵͲǴ𣿡
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ҲһԼĺ롣
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Сſڣе㾴ηؿ
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ս֮ǰд壬˵Ȱͬݣ罫ϻС

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ǹΧһ꣬һȴԬʣĵ̡
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Ҳһʱû뵽˵֮Ѹٵôһˮȱ
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ʲôҲشʲôҲ˵
յλŮϣƽӳһ˪ѩĹ⡣
˴ˡ


292 
½㴦ùս,ֽ˵ʿ۰Ǻ󣬴ɨսĻƽ˸ط
ֻۣûʲô겻˵,,ЩݱڿҲǺڵö,˾Բʲôûơ
ÿÿ췢ףɹһ˳ԱҲɹȫÿһȵСֱ࣬֡
ϾŸոտʼ,ݶòⳡǰδеĿ顣
ܵĿΪ̵ġ
ˮѾˣ,ˮȻݽ,괺,Żˮơ
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ʲôģʿ˽
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죡
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ЩǲһСƷǲиӣΪʳضˡ
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ǰʱǰͬ˵һ³ڽ߲ڳפʱȥӪмɡ
ָϽҪЩҩһ͹
ЩʱȻСӣֿ˿

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ѾˣһһǳڳŢĻҰϣһЩ˿һЩƤ԰ףŲͣеĴ·еڡ
ܿǳ㲣ǵֹͬ
Χڳ£ĿͶȥ߶ڳµʬ塣
ʬзԼˡ
شһһ
ҲЩ˲ûȥʬ壬ֻ߳ѰһԸߵĵط¶Ŀ
ҲһҲصĳƼİȫС
ЩչֻὫĿͶϣͶıϣͶսףϡ
ͷӶС½
ˡ
ҪʹǶҪڳ
ΡΡȴҲʳ
ˮǸɿݵ۾ɿݵ촽æ˵иɾˮиԷָǣ
һŹѵ촽ֿ¶˻ѵЦݡ
ǹ˼ʱ֮ɫʱųǵġ
Ȼû׼ʲô̺Ҳû·
żˡ
վԯǰģȰǺúܶ࣬·úܸɾȻҲһȦ۾ﻹ΢ЦĹ⡣
Ҿ֪Цϧܲڡ
²ڽ˵ڻձ
үȻµı˵ˣеĲУĲ˵ȫҾҲֻһîߡ
Ϊ®ϡ⼸ؾ㣬ү϶Ҫ¡Ƿĵžȱˡ
ˣأ
иվˮشҲȻ»Ҫලʿ򣬼ӹ̳ǽȥˡ
£ûԼ˼ˡ
Ļ
ӪЩˣ̫ʷüӷüˣⲻСһ·ܽȥְˣǰҲûǲƴֵţǰѾϯá
ҶˣţҲãҲãŸտʼϿܣϯʼһʱ䡣
ȳȥ뵽Ȼ㱨һЩս¡
Ӵ߿ʼԬʣڽܴǴܲ١
Ͷү˶ٱ˶٣ִӸش٣ڻʣ١
úϸżֲһһţβƳɵӡ
Ǹӣֿ
նȫˣҾͷˣдıʿУһǧ˰۰ǲǧΪǧΪһǧһʮˣҴݴģٶ˰ٱ
ı۰ǵıԮǧһ˽ս˵вǲʱ
۾΢Цʧˡ
΢΢üƺЩɻЩյ̾һ
˭ģ
⡣
ԼĲ𣿡ε˵Ҳʵġ
ʼüġ
΢ĩʶƶ֮УȻģҰģҲ
ϵģϽ˵֪㽫һΪ
滰©֮Ҳ֪񺺰
һۡ
ȱֲȣ⼸ֻԮȷʵҪıʵЩǿʵ̫ƣ֣˼Ϊ˷㣬˵㲻Ҫ롣
ҶˣˣϽ˵صشһɾ·˼
ؿһ
ǰʲôǣ˵ܵôһʲô
֣ʲô
Ƶشһҳݸ
ⶫһھͦġ
ǽ˹ϸһ¡
٣Ѱs˵ȸøҰɣһöҲãһֱûˮݹɾģ
̫ˡ
Сأ߾Ŀ£սϸҡ
һ·ϣһ⡣
ͬЭˣѡһУķǰ
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޶ǵǰһߴңһ룬׵ģݵʤʱ
أѰһȾưɣ
ţȥһ°ɡŶˣʵܺͺһ
Ҳϼ
б𣿡
Ҳҵʦ¹
أ
˭
ûУûУֻǺȻ³ˣΪչڣúܰ


293 
Ժ¹ýǺ,Ԭ̷Ĺƽ
ԥΪ˿һСᡣ
½ƲܣѮգ,سԮ,ܿ϶˵Ԭ̷ù,ȴδ,ضҲڵȴԮ
ƲƲ,Ԯ,ǱȻԬˡ
ԬֻΣ
¹õȻһ£ｫɲС
Σ
,ڰؿūһۣҲδܹ¾ǡ
Ǹûϵ¹촽,ｫ,С½ж
ʵеͻأ
½һ֧ͳ˧,ԼǧΪһ֧Ҫ֪,δرĶأܲٵĻҲͶһǧˣѾǿԭ𶯵֮ʦˣ
Ԭ빫ʱ,˫Ƶġ
¹˵
Ȼһġ˵
˭Ҳû˵
ҶһĳĬ
Сһ,ô򰡡
˿һ,ǴǸʧʿ
һԽתŮ,˵,ؼڲԬܳˣ
ԥҲ˼·ԹѵڣԬδȻԬ̷
½׺ԥȫһ¡
ԬʦڣΪĲݣʵǺ۰С𣿡
ԥˣ¹ҲˣҲˣһ˫˫۾ſڵŮɡ
úأվڳͷѲӾʱʱЩФλµİ梡
ʱԵͷһ˫۾ɨ⼸ʱȻլˡ
񡢴ƣʱ׼Ͷһլ檺ǵС
ѽӪ
Ʊһһ޵شӳϰʿǲϵߺţţС֮֮
ʺţڻ£Ⱦһָ˵ɫ֭֬żȻȼһ򰵵Ļ󣬴֨֨
ľ̿˽޿ƥеҹգԱĺʱЮȺģ˵ϢƮӪȥ
ʿӦõ͡
аؾۼդ̽ͷ̽ԣ￴
ܸܲڳԵѽţûпʣĹͷҲа
ʿһ߹ȥֱ¡
ǵĳһأЩնзأԼǷݣǴҵķݣ
ǣʿǶһܾûԹˡ
Ǳ㲻ѵЩǽÿնǳԵ֪Ϊúóһٷ˶ǣǶڳǴݹǣιկɱʬƾʲôǳһķʳ
Сٵ߳ηӵؽ˿ʿҲͷȥˡ
ֻǲģû˼۾ᣬҾţҪҵļȥѣҲһڳԵģͣС
ͦġĵ˵ûѰ
ǵ޶ǵĸĸҪȥʲôط
Ҳһڷʳ𡭡
˸𡭡
վԼʿ
ȱָȣŻȥҲǣҲǣô޴롣
ȷŻȥ
ʿ͵͵Ӧһתʱ˵˵ڶ仰
ȥܣȥ̫ʷ˵̫ʷôᡣ
ô᣿
ʿ㶵תͷһʶֻͷ޴оǸҪȥ̫ʷĴġ
ֻҪƨžͰѽ
Ÿոˣ
ӣʣ
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ӦǺ˵ʲôģȶ󣬴Ŵݲȵǹ趷־ȶģƾѺɤӶڻ¡
ر׺ȫˡ
ƾʱĬһƺ˵ܶ໰ȥˡ
˱
İ׾ƲͬǾϲ壬²ǣһںȥʱŨ㣬ʱ˵ⶫϡΪʳģʳǺϡġ
ָеؿƾ
ʱżȵƣһյζôûȹġ
һȥʱоֺܲһˡ
С½˲֮С½
Ӵݱ㰲ˣ
˵ͣ
Ҫ˵Ӻ룬볯͢Ϊϡ
ϯĵؽʣ̫ͬʷ˽˼ʲôĿƹȥʱ̫ʷѾ뿪ˡ
Ƿּ⣬ģһµľƣβԬִ泯еĲܲ٣ӾӦ۹ͣ
үúܶԾټϺȹһƣȱȻؿʼоҪʲôŵĽŬүУҪ֣
˵ӷڶ¶ˣĹѽӷɳ˲١Ǻû壻
ӺһڳµǵЦȻǲ֪֮ڵģ
׺ͷӣЦ
һƬЦƱյУƻ֮΢Цſ
Ҫʲôͣ
ϸ롣
ʿڴԴȣ˸߸裬ڹЦƺӣбı衣
ףףһ·ʤףһ·նףǸ˽ǸĲǱˣǻĴ棡ȫոܿݣǵļ԰ǰǿԻŻص磬ظĸһͷһӵգԱԼĶŮϥϡ
ţ߸ţ֪ʱ˲ʵĿ
ôˣʡ
ֻǡǸϱæһӣֻһʲֻʣһˡ
ҲĸһͷҲһӵգҲٱһŮһɰļ԰ǰ괺죬ϻᷢѿǽ˱£ǾͿԴݵؿͷ
˭ҵأ
ޡ
һߴ٣
顣
͵͵سҲ˸ź͡
ҹЩˡ
ƺҲеˣ߳оʱҹһ˲ࡣ
Щʿȥ˯ˣЩΧԣݵһ졣
ĵʲôеʡ
кܶ¿ġ
Щϱ˵һǸ潫һ·ļʶһ·ƴɱ
һǼ峿®ͷСˣ
һٴм칬ںˮ
һĻˮߵǸգֻ߻ġ
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ӪҲһƬƬбʿЩ䣬ά
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ܺãЩյõ˰չˣӦÿ԰Ķȹһˡ
ģȥʱ뷨ʵЩ롣
ЩΧڻǰģЩ뿪Ӫء
ǴŻѣվڻԭϣغǵˡ
ںŮ
иں
ںӣ
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ԯţĬעһĻ
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Ƴͣ͢˵м£׼ﱸһ¡
תͷʲô
Ԫʱ˵ǱиףעҹɫУǵĻԭԽ֮
ף
л꣬ƽؿԾٰһʢʽ
Ƿ⽨Ż
һ㶼ûõġ
˷Ǯ
ô˵ĻҭںȻ²ˡ
Ǿ仰£ҭӺǻ۶۵ۣ³ʱȫ˸
Ǹʦ𣿡
˵
ЩˣԵĲҲл𣿡
ɫøᡣ
ڳĴףһܵġ
ǣǡԽԽǧʿǣǣǲսͬһط
Ҳܡ
еģеڡ򺫵ʱеģеڻˮС޵Ƕܻ𣿣
ԯǰһСƬӰ͵µὫ޵ûڷ
뿪ʮأƽսͿʼһδεͬԼͬ
һ޿صľ
˽֪ŷ׺ֵͬܡ
û֪żĺֵ뿪ʱأ
ǻġ
ᶨģɵĿ˵ȵʱֻҪ
󣬴
ԡ
ϵĠţβϵġ½֣Ǿͻϳ
Щսʿһ׷ǵĽǧɽˮصԡ


294 
ƫ,һ㣬ϵܼض㲼ԼҴææ,űѩ
Ԭլۡ洦ɼϺõƤëյʢ̿,˶ĵ˸еΪѡ
ںͯ˵,ǿϷֶ֡
ǿڽԺﻬȥѩѩֻ̣ȥ,˭߹ҡһҡ֦һͷһѩ
µϷ
Ǹ֮ͯվڳһʯͷ,ͦ,һľµ,ǳ

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รͲĺ뷢һܵӦ,Ȼأ
ң½½񣡡˵Ҿܽﲮģ
һˮȹС̿,ô½
ôǣ
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ǽҲǽͯ,ôܰ磡
ҪҲ磡
รรܺ̿ʼ,󽫾ڣڣ
㡪ͯúݺݶ˶,ͷŻأộ
½ʱͷϿ϶ҲŻ
ûУ϶ûУ˭̲ͷʲô
ⳡܻСһƽкʯͷʤָһ䡣
Скڵϴް۸ŮǴæܹȰһλԶ·ʹߣʱ߹
ĿбӣҴҶУǿͯòŮδС
ʹĸǵͬʱլۡãԬܾףһһȦ۾̫ˡ
ʵҪǱʱĳᣬҲܶࡣ
ʱֻվڽµڳеһλоӵš
һȺıʿĹ١Ҵյǰĵͬʱеһ㲻
˵ҾͲء
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ıʿûп
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Ļӱ£˼ȡݣԬ˵λô
߼ ̸˻ӦƣѼ£ҪݣӦһٽл֮꣬ͳ졢ࡢԥ֮ϣǱϼˣ
Ԭǰһ
Զбʧô
Ԭǰһ
ҵῪǻ㲻ס죬һҲûںɫǿʼϲ
ϣܲڴʱ򱳣¼侹Ϊ˵ܲʶǰ֮أ
Ԭһֻ֣ڰϣʼá
ԥԭУ¶ȳݣ®һʱ۲ǣȥϣݣɲܲʧȴδʧαܲͬأ
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ѵǣʲô߼ˣ
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ıʿ࿴һۡ
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òܲǱЩЩʲôã
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дűң

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ӽ񳿱˵ͷؽᣬЩơ
ԬܵɫˣūΪβ籨
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ȥȥѰҽ٣µϹȥ
촽ξϣ
ҵȾ˼㻹Ҵ򲻴̣Ԭܶŵʲôʱܴ򣿣Ԭ̷ǣ
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ͷ֧˹˹ˮؾʱȵˮȡů
ǰ˵ܲǱиıʿܰдţģ½һ߶װˮձһͬسǵĸ죬ˣдţҲдţ


295 
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ǲǳҵƻ𣬵ʱҲһ֧ѣպͩ͡
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ѾãӭһĨ⡣

Ȼˡ
ԥתͷ£
Сһԡ

һڵأС˸ºʱ뼽ݱһƺɽԬ̷ʱսͣڹǶԬء
ԥһãûԮԬ̷Ҳ᳷ˣ
С˲Դ⡣
λؽתͷȥĿһƬǻ
ѱ֮ǰˡ
ζԬ̷ĴӪʲôٶǰﲻԸⱻġ
ȻҲֹ۵ز²ֻʿǰҹĻѡ
أ
һƬǻĺ棬Ԭ̷ڣ˭Ҳ
֪ͼȰʲôһʱƵˣȻݲɱԮǾ͸½δ֮ǰϽˡ
֪Ѱɣ˵ݣԬضĳ͢ΪйЮ˵ǵڶ׿ҪҪأοΪݵϣϱƣҲܵв˻ҪսΪء
Ƕǹƨ
Ԭ̷Ÿ׸дţóǲǸ׵ּеԹּһ㡣
˵ʲô˵ˣˣѵҪΪһƿСս𣿣ѵ㲻Ǹ𣿣
Ԭ̷ţһڽѾյͺˮ˿˻
ᣬӳһ粻
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û˷УΧ˷·һ˲ưͣ񽦳ĲѪһ˫˫סǺľ֡
ܿǵİձˣǿʯͷûУ׼Ԭ̷ȫǹģ
ֻҪܴ򵽾ǳǽļ޷Χ֮ڣںЩ᲻ԽǽԳеķݺƽȫ濪
ɽ¥֣½ڳʯͷȥһһӽ˳
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ԥҧء
ΧǳڣԬ̷Ź˼γǣδЧ
ɣǸҺʱǱոӼ̣оܴƣͶʯȹеֲ̫ˣԬ̷ʿȵǳǽԱ֮󣬱תΪΧǡ
Ԭ̷ǻһ˼·
һչ󣬵ԥ˳ǽһȫͬľǡ
ЩʯͷдСҲʮķ˵ͷϣȻû·ģ㰤ҲǷС
ǵɱ󣬱ϾЩʯͷȼգҲܱըǵζԶԶ˳ĳܼޡ
Ϊסéƶ񣬻סڸŴ֮ңǵķǰסľʯġ
ǶмҰңм۱ˣһرùʿˣѹûʱ㱻ʯͷҴˡ
̵̻̾ˣææµµ޲ݣ
һߣܿһڲݶһڲ᣻
˺Ұ֮󣬶һѪǰ
ڷǰ˰ײȴûжٱˣȫǻجج׷ʲôģ
˵С½ҪˣоҪ˱
Ϊʲô
Ԭ̷Ϊʲôأ
սҪиĿģĴʯͷɱ֮˵ġ
ȻܰƳǳأĿĺأ
ҲڵУ룬ȷЩʯͷЩʯͷͻڳǽϡ
һֿҪóаյǰգп˶ԬԳδǳͶ
Ԭ̷ʲôĿģҪһǷЧ
ԥ֮󣬿ߵʿ
˭Ǹ󣿡
СǶóģ
λὫȺԾԾԵʿһһֻٲɹĴ㣬˭õ
ʿ
ڴ͸ǿüԶأתѺܲףҪɵ㾫ϸֱ붼Ҫ롣
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ܣ
С˲ܣС֧֧һӪŪЩ
Աжȥһ䣬ʵ˵Щֻжõĸʲôã
˵СһǷʱи֧ʸһֻڳܹҰ
ѰУԥһ˼һȥУ顣


296 
ʯͷǲԶʯͷ,ΪûǳǿʯͷƵġ
ʯͷȻǼаһ£Ԭ̷ָĽͶʯʯͷ볬ٲȷȴ൱ͺܿˡ
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ھ濪ľʯ,дǴƫˣҵ˭ͷȥ,Ԭ̷Ҳ⡣
Ҫ󹤽Ƿ뷽,Уԡ
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ڽͷöʿȥǸں档
Ԭ̷׼˾֮ǵŮǽٰȫʿǸָƣֻֻͽ͵һʯһŬؼسǡ
ǵһҪһֽһֵ䣬һҪ½ͣ׻ѣջݳһҪŶڶǰʱ׼ÿһļȥ
ЩѾʮַأʯĸ֮͸˲ܣ˺ܿ˾޴
ʢ͵ĴܻᱻʯͷҷԱߵʿһ˲㱻͹ס壬˷Ъ˹ĲҽУҲùġΪҲֳֻ߽͹ʱԼʯͷҷɲ˵еĻѽһƬ͵ĳǽ˻𺣡
˲ò˸ǵǿ׳һҪ˱ǽһȵҪԱʬ壬ҪҪͣҪɢѪȡĳǽزˡ
úܣǽеʿ򼸺Ǵ죬Щ˵ϺպؿˮݣûʲôЩϸڡ
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297 
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Լۡ
ʱҪıһ,´ң
ؼҶأһ
λλŮɣ
ŮҲͰ,һȺ佫Χ,һ쵽ȥ,û
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Ԭ̷ˣ
һû߹ʲô˵ǰ,ƶһҪ̫ļƻ
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ǸּȻΪ,䲻Ԭ̷ܾ۾Ҳ͹ˡ
,սǧ򻯲һ˲䣬ֻҪݾô̵ܶһʱ䲻ܽעս,пܻо
ƿŵһ,Ũصȳ뽹ϯ
ҵսǵ
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ݳѾؾľһ,еоţµݳǰ
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ͬʱЩʿҲȥľݿǽʱǼȿһϳǽֿԱľݲΪؾ١
ⶫҪʲһЩľͷƤҲһЩͭΣǲġ
ԥݳһƾЩسǵľ飬ѸжϳԬ̷Ҫһ
ΪڼҰսϣЩݳԶЩݾֵǮȻƳµݳǾһҪЩùеϴʿĽС
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ǵʿǲһ֧ǰ̵壬ɴеĹµʱʿ̿ʼ䡣
ڳԥŲʳǣҪһȥţȥԮЩݳЩҪߡ
Ǿڳ£ЩݵСٰγԼĻ׵ɱ˵ķʽʱס˾ơ
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ЩϱУһϳͷսһ̡


298 
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ʲôõصһۣҵŮ뿴Ǹ˵ɫ
ŮΪνᣬ֪𣿣µнԴнǶأҪȫݣȨ£
ɫŭˡ
Ƕвһɥ֮Ȯʤܲ٣
⻰޷˵ӵġ
ʵҲ޷˵Լ
пݻ˷
λÿ͵ŰݷʱЦݣһº档
ܷÿǸʮͷʿĴȷеһ㴺档
ʿޣֵ棬ǰТڳУְλʵصģԺũϣ룬˲ˡ
ǰкμ̣
Ů˼õĲ裬˼˼һ֮󣬲ſʼ⡣
º֪ս£
ǿЦһ˲ЩڣĿת
ӽн֮£һڴˣδ񡣡
޿һۣһҲûдǵǳ¡
ΪԬܲȴôʱǰȥݣ޲ߣֻʮСģ¶ʲô̬ȣǶǰ
˭Ҳɵӣ̱룺
жȴ̰ͼ㰲֣ηܲٱƣԸ
˵ܲٻ²ɱλӶѵĽܲأ
κܿȥģһ־ûôױ֮Ժˡ
޵ʣսʱһ˿Ե˷ܡ
½ɽƲܾߵ࣬ܲѲֻ̻طݣδ֪
͵ת
λз·ûвǾӵĿ⣬ڼܵشϲ
λ½£享಻ѽ֮Σӣ޽֮Ȼֹȥץ֣УָжҡһҡʹºжºضΪսҹģϲ
ﾲһȻŵһĴȡ
Ҿ֪С½Ǹõģڣԭ跹˼ģ
ʹڳϣһ飬õη͡
ƾС½սƾƷУкο飡÷ģ
棿ЦҸººصǰ̽ʣº˵±ˣ
Ȼ˵ô˵أ
ѾˣҲʮֹԾûٳ֡
ǰҪҪʳͷشˣûһﾲһ
ɽת
۾ϸؿǽһģɫĹ⣬ҪζǷɿˡ
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޻ţΪΪѰҹƲʲôֵѯʵģ
ҲƲС½
ǸˣΪݣǾףж갷
ʲôʱʼЩ갷˸ģ
ǴȻʼ
Ǵٴʼ
Ǵ˵Χ®һأȴȻҪնظϻȥԮ
®ǻϣЩɽˮտʼʲôԶУ˵ҥ˵ٴҥٺĵ˵ػᱳ
ΪЩҪã
ﶮʲôܣ
˭Ҫ뷴ǣҲݵ䣬˵ͷͷǵ
۴ӲڳϽС
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һ΢ˣΣȴΪ̰Ĳӣ
Ϊʲôѧ֮çȴأ
ѾȫڰԵ˺ڰƵɫҲ˺ڰ
ѾȫõյĳϣЩν½֮ԥ
¸صѾ̬ȣһ֮󣬱ضǸȶĽ
½֮˿СˣΪһ壬Ʒмİ
ǣǣԭǿȥģҲǿͬС½սģûԥûаκļıȥ˶һѣǲϣҲһʣ
ݶʧսеɬ
ԭֻһţ۸󣬵Ҳǲġ
бأһλһʷ
ҵţôһ·ߵǰȥˣ
ʹĻҪ̻кͲ̵ܲһһҪվסţʲô
һԼһЩֺû˶һ
Ǹκ׳ļƲߵζʲô˶ԼĵطκȻҲıҪݺ
Щܹƶⳡս˶δƲߣ˶Ծζʲô
͢ʹڴżͤĻťͭӡʱ갺ıҲԬܵһ·¡
ض۲Ǻܽģƽʱ붫ҲΪС갺ͲܲٶֻὫƽˣڲܲٺս갺ûҰģƬİնʮְ
ǵĸסɷ򡢶ӳȥ̣ڼи֯࣬ȴͷ
Ϊǵ˷عʱض˿ɹ۵սƷ
ҲǲҲףдѵǮ⻹һЩͭ󣬴ССĿ
Щ˺ͺӾҪæϴսƷϵѪһøɾ룬ٷűذǡ
ЩԼõģЩҲȥмϻЩļãƾɷʱʮ־ģᶼûпĵŮױɡ
ЩʱضǻЦӳڴġ
̹úŮһŤضڷǰݺֻдȱһڱסǵǡ
˾֮еĴׯһļžֻܴȼҲδվⴥĿĵһĻ
սȻһ갺ͷȥѪӡ
۲£ݵѪӡ


299 
ҪһЩʱ,Ȼ˭Ҳͣԭظɵš
ⶼ˵Ŀ̣꣬ϡãҪ½ǳ,Ҫؽ԰ҪľӪԴԴϵͶι
ЩڲϰεĽѾͶĺǿܹˣΪĵС׺ӣ׼ⳡս֮ˢһˢĺøжȡ
ѾûʲôҪļ,ھ֮ܿ뿪,һǧĲ,Լǧ˵,һЩ׼𷵻,Ԭ̷
Ƶ֣Ŀ
һ·Ǻ,ǰʱ,·ͣһͣЩԺ,ЪһЪ,֪м,ĺʮζ,ܰԣ֪һƬ,ӳʱһү,үÿյӶеԻ󡭡
Щв,ЩׯҲֻʣ˼ׯӵĹ¹,Լӵ񣬼·Щ˱ΡΡߵڣվںС̽
µ˾Ͷ
˾Ͷˣ
кö౱ģʳˣҲ֪ʲôʱܻȥ˴رԹţҲЩ¶ʲôί顣
ͿˣǻȥҲܻȥˣ
Ǿ̫˷ܵùõ棬ȻĶ飬ôȥʱôࣿ
½ϣЦһЦЦ
Ƕںأ̫ʷȲǰǶأ
ʱһ·ҲͽҲ
ЩصеİշִһЩİˣסǵݣߵҪ˸ߡ
Щ˶࣬ɹ˸ˣЩ˶ϡ٣˱Ƥס󣬻ˣôҪ졭
٣ٵȴ̵İɣధ󣬿޿˵ҲԸ뿪
ǿȥЩձ㲻ĵסˣЩȴô˵˵´𣿻ҵɾ
ǵط϶켷ˣ¥¥»Ϊأôס£
еţ룬̫ˡ
طôš
򱱣ʮĵطҰ䣬·ԣѾС
ǳȺӵȥɧŶʲôʹʲôʲôܿ
ŮǷذƤڲݸֽɵ㣬˷ĳģҲԷһߣȥһ࿷ʳ
СǵǶ˲Ȥǿֱʰ񣬱Ͼ캮ض˴٣ǻҪġ
һƬƬ֮䣬ӺͲѣСҪżԲ۴У߳ЩԼҵĻͬ˵̫ˡ
Щ¿ԼҲͰˣ˱˼ҵǳʲô⣡
ǲее㲻
е㣬Цá
Ϊʲô
ЩСмָֻţʲôо
գգۣ϶ǲ
᲻ΪҪǸС˵ȴͬ
Ҫһֵļһʲôأ
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Щһӿܶûгũ뿪ǵĹ磬ããȻһȫİĵط
Ǹôȥ˴ˣô죿᲻ܣ᲻ео
һСǵʲôطսΣִָ֮ʹļһԹˣд񣬻ǸܣҲпǡ
ʿ϶ߡ
Ǿ˵еСѾнӰ˼£ԹҲѲʱֻЩСǲǾľظɻˣάסЩˣǲǾû˶
ڳɤˣɣҲûǸЩϸ֦ĩˡ
˭ɵģǸСЪ˹ǲӣǲӣҪȥУͼ·ӽζʱߣǵľͽǧ˭ɵģ
ܲ˵סһֻ䣬Ͻ
ϵζЩŵģûڻϴûԡƬӪصζͺаŶӰӡ
ͳ
ΣѸٶһ
ǰݺ󣬵񣬵ؼŷܵܺӡ
˶ڷڵ﷭ţ尾ţȴս½Ľݱ
ֻЩӣģǽ׳ģѰȻȤ
ǵѾӵˣûҽǣڳһѰһطӪկ
ٿǵеĹ˯߲ӣҲûٸʲôʮӭʽ֮
˿ظҿһ˵´û
´ڳУǰЩӲ̫ˣһĹ˵ҽ˵ղŽȽȴúܣȻǰ
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߲ݣһĶά֮ϡ
ǰ˵ݣȺд󶨣֪ô͵ˡ
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ϲλбȻԼĿġҪһϣ򣴨ҲĽŲһϣµ¹Ȩ
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˯вϵأѰǸˣҵ༫ˣҲ弫ˣܾǲ·ϵġ
һȻͬ·ϣ·ӹ¶ӹԣҲߵøԶ
򣴨ʿƺҪ׷Ѱ·ȴôҲ׷ĽŲ
ֽίͷ֮£Ҳ˯ȥһ۱ˡ
վſڣЩԾɾˣС½̽ɾ
ȺһӴӱ˶Щʱ̽һԴ
𣿡ǸϤɳɤ𣬡˾̫ˣ
ӣ˽ƺûעңһӣֻڱһĻǶôĲʣ
½غһ䣬һҲûֻ˳ֽŵһСֽһԣֵذһżˡ
Ⱥɵù˱ӣоԼһһ
Ҷ˵ˣ˵⼸Ϊʮҹ£ľذǡੲݵ˵ˣ
ǹίƺɢˣתΪ˸ɬָʳĶ
ŮΪ񣬵㶵ضһ
һ·˶̣ûˣ΢ЦüۼһƬʡ
ϸؿˡ
½ƺһ£΢΢ſ죬˵ʲô
ȻʲôԶԽԽ
ϵһ˲תΪ衣
ȥһȥʲô£ˮ˲ɣ
Я¶壬һ·£
ǣֻڳŴΪװЩʳˮ̾뿪ˡ
ÿһǣһأһׯѶ
ǴʤߺǴʤԬ̷
Գſʼһ֮С
ˣˣˣвڷǰݺһطˣܳˡ
İտļˣ
һֱĵսڽˣ
ܵķǵҲҪˣ
ǲٱЩ͵ʳ͵ţǳؽָյҲˣ
̶˳˾ƣ˼ǰҸһƣЩˡĿˣʱҲῴ˳һ㡣
Щ񻶵ģЦʹƵˣƺӦøЩ
ǵе˲δЦ
ǹ˵ϣųŵķűݴأǵļ԰ڵأʹ
ǿ޵Ъ˹ʹϸγ·Ҫ⼸еĿ־ίеʹ࣬ƺƴĺзй
սˣ
ǿԻؼˣ
տ޼ɵؿʿȴ࣬Щϲ򲹶ʿһᣬһææطԸۣЩЩϳûιϣûιģģǾͶЩϣغƬҲҪ󣡡
½վڴſڣıһֵľ
۾ҲЩȡ
ԥûйΣаףпڣСݣƬҲҪ
Ҫؾ𣿡
ȺĵҲ߳ˣֻ£δ̨ף۱æһ멣ʵʵġ
ţͷҪϽȥ
µĳȺСһȦ۾е㰼ȥ΢΢ͷСĵ
Ҳ׼̻ؾǡ
һЦ˳ֲˣҾҲδݣôҲæšءǣ
Ǹ£͵Ⱥһ˲ʧˡ
ļίԱƺֳˣվضһҪܵ
ǣҲû˵ɶôֳˣǲС۰


300 
ԭո˵Ļ,Ϊԡ
ոգո˵ʲôţһڿˮеŵ,һ䣿
еΡ
Ⱥһè,ǳɫվʮԶĵط
ô˵,Եþ͸ˡ
µı,ԭҲǲֵһġ
Ĵһûô˵ϵ,пڽԱ,˵㲻򣴨ѧҳ,񾮾СҲۣ
è΢ÿһ㣬°͡
ϣ΢֮Ⱥͱ,²Щʿ뽫ͬݣγƲһء֣
оݣؼóܣͬƽԭǵĴɩװŪļ١ȱǾѧĳ³,
Ŭҵһ̨׸Լ¡
ⲻ岻ã;𣿡Сĵ˵,Ъ,лҪʱ,Ѱòã
ļίԱе㻳ɵ¿,Ȼ֪Ϊʲô,ҲŵˣͺƵġ
ͷģѾްȥһСָֻģҲ״̬ʰװʱ֪һǡ
˵ʱ򣬻ؽһճȭڴ߿һ¡
ôӪ
Ǿ̨ףææӦ֮·ˡ
קһ׼뿪ʱͷһۡ
ȺǷǷһҾ
ƺЦһ£Ҳ⼸δݣ̫ҫ۲Ĵ
ʹһ˲Ĵһ
ɾǱվĺá
ţʶӦһĿȻһ٣ʲô
λ½ùĲ˵ɾϲ裬Сյȥ

۾Сɾֿ֣Сɾ
վôһԭͺܰ׾øˣƫƫһĨ졣
ۻȻ򣬹˫ֽݱصĲȥ
ɾȥˡ
ܳȺʲô½һ¡
Ԭ̷ζʲô
ܲٺԬ̷ѣǵսͼȫͬġ
Բܲ˵ݵǴҪģвھӣֻܼܽ͢ȶʵΪҪ֮⣬˭ҲܵǸǸģҵھӸܵ
Ԭ̷˵λûôӵҰģ뷨޻ԼͳµֲܻͷԼϵҪֻţ˳ţԸϵı¡
ǾѾʹȥˣڴ֮ǰһģ뷨
ɱԬ̷񣿡ôʹ
ҡҡͷ
Ԭ̷񣿡
Ҳþ
ЩݰգǵһĶζû취ڿʱʳ伢Ҫ̹һƲӵʱ䡣
֡͡һǧ˰ϲԷһ̺ȵˮܰȥ֣ζ˿ܻԼ޺ӣĸ׻ɱճӤĸĸҪѡһŮΪڸķʽȥ
֮ʱũ¢䣬һĿƣпһôߵҲͦˡ
иͦˣôϢΪⳡսļģʧˡ
ΪԬ̷һͷʧˡ
˿ɵ¶Ȼɫ
ߣ֮Ҳ˼Ϊϡ
ԽԽ䣬˼ӱ̿صж⣬Ϊʱľʲ˿Ϸ죬浽һ㿴ģ˷ХС϶
ҹ֮ʱӪʿ綼ȥ˯ˣʿûô˼һ˵ݲôˣ˯þرǺлԶԶС
еɷˡ
Ҳڱűܷ
Ǳ彣೤ĺֶʹɣѵһ·ƵսУҲһЩ˺ۣпʱȥٴ±һ¡
ĳ೤ǱڣȴѾˣذһҲûС
˼ʱĿ⻹ǻ̲ס
ô˵
˵ԬǳҪһսģҰߣ°׹ӯҰǧ޼һһҪġ
ΪʵѾˣ˭Ҫ³Ϊһһͳǲ㹻ġ
ЩԵѾȥһģսļ̳Ҳ黹ת
Ԭܲܲ٣ǽߣ긻ǿˣǳ߹󣬻ƽǴѪɱģ˭ҲĸԸ̲
ģ룬ʿܻһѵصıȫݡ
̫ˡ
Ƭأ̫ƣˡ
Ѿչһ࣬»õûũֻļ񡢰׹Ǻͻ
Ҫ˿ڣҪʳҪӪ
Ҫʱ䡣
̿յúůิӵ˼ܿ˳˯֮С
Ԭ̷ʱŸոӻЩѣƺڱƺڰС
нŲ֦ɨҶżкѻ
̩ɽһʶһ㡣
ȷԼʲôطˣΪӶڳĶʹ֮С
һܿȷˣҪʱ׶Ĵ̹ǵʹԼڱ۰ϡ
һʹƺߡ
죬˹տʼģȻصҲ
Ǹİˣͷ磬ֻһۣҴ˳ȥ
Ԭ̷ˣ
Ԭ̷ججһ˲˱֮С
ھУô˵滽
λᱻ
ֻᱻζԴ
ͷפǧ˵ʿͷһڶû
ЩҲ˴
߽
ǸСӣһֱգ£˫۾ɨʱڿˣڿʲô
ˣЦ˵˯˺üգ
صһۣǺˣ˴εأ
˴ǾǣСЦأסÿɹߣ
Ԭ̷ܻֺݺݵ߬סµӣƽһ顣
Ϊ
ӺαصģСȥŵԼıǰһ£˲ӵġ
ַֻˡ
Сӵ۾鵽ϸ΢ϵЦݻû䡣
Ԭ˵˱ӱԻȥˡ
һ˫۾
ٳ
ǸСӲû뿪ǰһ
Ӳص̫ԬǱģ˵֪ĸв۰ӵأ
Ƭ촽ƺ˵ЩʲôԬ̷Ѿˣסؿڣ͵һѪһ˻֮С
½ıڻصʱѩ
ڼݾȥʮ󣬰ѩƬսϵкۼڸǵˡ
ڡԥ½ס¹ãһȺССݹԱڳʮﴦÿҪѳһѩʱڰããķѩ
ӣ
һǰȥ
һˡ
󣬻ռѵذڷѩ
Ҳˡ
ƺ࣬ԥ˵½׿źûʲô仯ƺǰһˡ
ʱû⣿
ϸʱһƬѩƮԥüëϡ
ˣȥָָüߵһ˰̡
ΣգԥƺһҲû⣬ʻ΢΢Ц


301 
һ˵,ⳡսѾˣһ˵δ
򶫽ͤֵĲܲ,Ҫٵⳡս֮ǰҪࡣ
Ѿѩ,פҰȴδڻ㹻ĲƥΪʿ׼¡
ܲٲò,ӳʳ
ʹһ΢,ܲҲϸ΢˵ھҳҰصʿ,ǵ˷дΡ˰ЩʿԸм,ӪУͬۿһƥһƥĲ,һһ·,ȥϸǵ׳λڹʾɵ׻ϡ
֧뿪Ұʱ,˳меĲƥʳ,ЩȵƽҪζȹ죬ѾǽʿҪǵˡ
ǰԶ۲ǣѾá
Ψһļ԰
갺߽ӪʱԾü
Ӫ˷·ûвüȥȵסòĴ󺺡
ԴȻˣܲٴغ,ı,ı˵ף
ʹݹˣ갺鲻Ȼ΢΢ֻ֣ǷԬ֮
֣֪»Ǻ,Դ,к˸ʸվλСɿ,Ȼ˵ͷԴ˶
һ·ò㲣ܲٵ˫۾ʱǷƵһ˲갺顣
갺Щڽˡ
ͬʱϵǸӢۡΪųֵЩ£˽٣ܾĺǸֵĽύ֮ˡ
ڿԼˡ
ҽΪԮʹ֮̿ʼ£ƴгʹУͬ鼽ݣͼգ
ܲٺ꣬üͷȫС۲ǡ
ʹģǧˣǧ·ϣʱɵһʱʹǽ߼Сš
갺齲óϿңܲϸ
֮󣬲ܲǰȻһҾ
갺󾪣æסʹΪѽ
ԴԴδ֮ǰΪҹģܲٵ۾･ᣬ䲻ϧֵܽڳУҸѣܡ
˵£ĺҲ˵ȥˣĻΪʡ
ȴʤ
˫ֿɣɱʿҲд׵¡
ʱ΢΢ĵĴ¶ɡ
갺һ˿ԲܲٵĻҲˡ
ʹصǣʹƣѼʹһɣȻŵ±ұðʸʯ붭нսҲҪΪʹȳ׾죡
˫۾ˮ糱ˮһ㣬ӿԴ˴ңұر֮
ҹˡ
ʿ˯úܳ
ԭǲߵģΪ䣬ϮӪе֧࣬Ͼ֮ս֮£Ѿаܲ
Ȼеﲻһ·ϻЮһЩС֧ӾͰܻʿоսϱսͣһܲټյݣ֧Ӹӵʿʢ
ˣЩݱʿԣƣ˸ӾҹϮӪ
갺齫ԼıһЩѾ氲Ӫկ˯Ⱦ
ʿѾ˯ˣıʿ佫ȴδЪϢ
ǵ򣬽оյͬ磬־¡
۲Ƕ鼽ݣ
ʳ佫ʮ㣬Щ޷޵⣬ܲȴһ˿ɫҲûС
Ϊأ
Ԭֵ֮壬շɷΪ
ǲʲô𣿡
һ㶣漴ͦţĳΨѣ


佫رȭҵȽΨѣ
࿴һۣӡ
Ҫһ佫ͬЩʿ뷨ߵ˾֮־ͣҲȻߵģ
֮սΪ֣͢ȷһš
Զδ
갺ҳסܲƽ˵д⣬ܲʢ飿

۾ȼűĻ棬ʱ췹î
̫ҹı˪ʼڻ
ƬƽԭѾӭӹѩıѩڻˣ²ȴűĹ
ǺܿҲʼڻ
棬ܿһ˫Ьһ˫ЬȵøʵЩҲӲЩ
ڻѩϵĽŲԽԽ࣬ͣˡ
͸ЬشϣԽԽ졣
ЩŲЬĽƺǲϺ˶档
ǲ˶׿ѣĲ²⣬ԭҲǺġ
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ſһССԲΣֻ۾Ŵ󳹴


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Χǽ֮սʱԥѾʶµԣҾشӾһЩȥ˸أŬά
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ⱱʮأȻ磬ͤ֪ȥˣͤҲżСȥˣȥصôڶʱھɫأ
ȻȻģЩάĹҵ˸ӽӵİ취
ǲƷУѧֻӵѡЩܸɵǹգЩеģĵͷҲеģǶĵˣϤÿһÿһܽϵİչףҲ͹ˡ
ЩǲƷпɣаŮǿȡ
ܲ࣡
ʬСɽ˼컹ûģ
뷨ĹԱܶ࣬ҲͷֻҪʱάֺãҪѹյҸͶĵزһӾͺˡ
ԥ˱ʣһѾָ
룬ǻЯ׵£εĲһλܵʹ
ѾϾȥյҪоΪһս׼
ҪҪЩ˵ܴÿһңÿһУ㹻ĲƥʳΪͼսı׼Ĳ
Уξïһ߽ʱľһλｫ
սʤ½ƺһҲûɶ٣ֱȻǴ꣬ѻɽƤ·ŵɫǸһ𱻶סƵġ
УξԥЩƣϼоְйλ˼ԥ˼ģǰỽһ
ʹ
ԥһ˲ۣڣ
صï΢ЦǷ̫ۣЪһЪΣ
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˴γ֮ᣬµȲá
˶ݵļž֮УһСïſڣӦȰһȰ
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ȰҪï˵ΪʱʿǺδƣݾǰ뱸óȻֶвס
һ˵֮˾ȴʲôû˵ֻǳĬŽ忿ƾϣƺڳ˼
ï˵ȥ
ΪһǱ٣룬ʿȻΪսѱϣ׼عαˣٶи֮У
ԥ̾һ˵Щ֪ô
ԬܣΪʹʹΪβΪ½˼ף
ƺסԥЩΪ
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λʿ˺ȻЦˣİһ˲ڱӡ
µȷֲڽǰ๣ʹȴ˵õġ
ԥ̧ۿһۣüͷҲ΢΢
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ïĻû˵꣬ȻʶԼ˵ˣΪԥǾ仰ͻȻֳһ顣
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ûʲôԣһʮʱͶʮʱ뷨²һģһھս֮ıҲʮġ
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ԥĺ˼ûгܾãԼкܶҪ
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һƾɵģ˲£ͷһϴɫͷһʲôؽˡ
ԥһ˲ΪԼˡ
Ȼͷȷ֮ǰģƾͺܲԾ
½ʱĽŲҿ죬磬˭ҲǰĿƽԴǣʹŭɨȥһۣҲ̻ŵصͷȥӡ
½㡱һ·ʽ
·ٶȺֵĦһ֪ڲЬߡӰ·ٶȵԭֹһὫͷתתȥܵľɫ·ˡһ·ܴﵽұߣٴұߣǸ˵ʱԥз߷
ҲûôĹ
˿̾ôģܲӣԥһӺȻͺ

ţţţЬӣ̨ף´ӭԥۣûдŵðɣ
ûУûУԥоԼֹסؿʼˣһ̿һ裡
תͷִۡ
ƺרŶǸȦ
һҲûʶڴʲôԽԽãֱЩȸԾˡ
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ԥգգ۾оΧһսһкãĿУҲǡ
һγеεսȻϲ
ȻԼǰҲǫЩСЩ̫Դ󣬾ǱϾǱΣǸҺסĳʲôأСЦȥ
տʼú棬Ȼ󽥽أ¶ı顣
þͿҪղסբԥеһʱḡЦˡ
ḡḡϽ֣ḡҲḡһ
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ڶ

΢΢ͷǷееΪѵģʻˡ
ʵ㣬Լ£ô
Ȼصһġ
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۾΢΢΢ЦڳЦȫŮɰĿضϣԥȫ
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ԥԼͷһƬң˶ҪסͻȻ󵨵⣬ʲô˼ʱȻֿˡ
ֳһرµ״
ðã޵аУ֪֪

ԥֻȦԵøˣֱضеˡ
ʱԭ볰ЦһǸȦϸҲû¹񣬲ȡЦ
ԼƷ½ŵùģֻһԼԼļҾ졪ͺעЩͱεúܹԣٲҷʲô
ԥһ֮촽е㷢˵ˡ
޵ܣڳݲǺʣʲô޵ܣĸ޵ܣ
һ㻹һȺ޵ܵģ


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ָ۾ûпǿ˵ذ塣
۾Ҳûʲôɣ˵ҲܸɰͰ,žͺӪҵָо
δй,Զﴫ,ԥ˵Խ²ãԬ̷춯³۱,ֻܶЩ˼ڲǷϡѵΪǵȴеǰ,һĶŮµĴ𣿡
˵Ҳԡ
ȷʵô,е㻳,ûλŮʵҲûʲôģǻ˹ֹ½С֮ô
ԥ̵һۣԬ̷ٳ,Ҳǣ
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ԥҲܹ,ź֮Ԭ̷Ƶġ
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ǵ³Щɫ˰̳Щɫ,Եø,Ҳ·˳£Ҷ007ʲô̶𣡲ӰѲοͽҲͰˣҹͷûо͵ţҲ
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ڶʱΪŭ˿ѱըƵġ
Ͻˡ

ߵ̨µʱԥ׷ס
ѵ𣿡
ϰԵر⣬֪һæ񡭡ʶѣҲ㱾˵ġ
ʿվ̨ϣ䣬סһ˲ı顣
΢ЦüͷƺΪʲô¶еѹ
ڵʱüͷѾչˡ
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һԭǺƽһ죬ܺã䵫ʣ̫ɹڽͷҲ˼ů⡣
ڼ׵ʿܾԽԽ䡣
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ʹССʵڲ֪ءǸһ߿ޣһСʵⲻС䷷оģоĿ԰ˡȴʹ֮ء
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·˼λС½Ҳϲġ
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˵һҲûװǻƵİǵüͷţŻĻں޺ʹࡣ
֮·ߵúܿҲԶѾдʷս
κı£ԽĿŵøԶһЩŲߵøһЩ˼ҲһЩ
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306 
,Ǽ˵װԵܶࡣ
Ҳǽխ䣬¿İɲ£򲹶,,ȵҲõĲЬһ˫ѥ
Ĵսݵȷ׼˸ָʹʱ
ɫѿ࿴һ֮,ԼͬǸͷˡ
ǸضĽת
Ѷǡ˵,ߣ
˵ģһŤ˵դŲɿ,˵ߡ,áܡݡ
ͽɡ
,֣Ǽɫţ࿴һҲңˣ
Ժţ
Ҫλ߹·һƵȥ
һԱЩ,һԾʱͷ,ˤ˸ͷѪ,һҵһ󾪺
ǻûǰһʱ,Ѿ۳ڲԭϵľ,ĽŲõؿˡ
ϸ𣿡ʵʵϴ,Ҳɱ˰
Ʋ·ɢһ,Ҳ׸Ԥ,׼ȥµ·,֮֮ȥ·ϱһţæܹ¡
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СⱲҲ
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ʵҡҡͷ
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ͦǵġ
ΪʲôǷأ
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⸾˽ˣ˵졣
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λϯϰŮȻһͰˣҪ޲
С˾Υ潫
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ϲɫĹ٣оԼҪҸ顣
˵һ飿
͢ʹˣԴ˵ӵķͣ
Ŷʹǰôá
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ҪǸĲǿ˫۾һȭͷ۾
λʹڽگʱһЦҲûУһگ顣
گݱ½նʤǧϣԺ¡£ͣǲӡ緣Ϊͤｫʳٻ֮գ
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İ꣬ͤǵһλĸˣпҰ£۷׷ף׼֪һŮɣ


307 
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ʮ꣬һͣСŮİ,Ѿˮ
סĹ޵üԵŮСİ,ȡ֮ؾϸ
ӻᣬֻлʺλɣ˵ʧ,Ȼ٬òĹŮܵסĹ⣬С,뿴һǸĿɶŮӵ׻ʲô³,ֱʺ٣ο˶,ֹס˹е
ʺϲ˸е,ʹ޶еĽ,еĲݾһһң͢Ҳʵ
¶еıʧ,ֻʣǧ,ļһ֧µı,սʤϢ,ȺǵУ޵ɫʡ
ǹңҲʸ־ҵҳ,ӹɡ
Чҵĺ,أ
çۺ,,˼ʱҲһλӵ캺ҽɽ
ֻҪİ꺺ҲϾĸӵܣʲôҪȵũԬӵݣ׿ӵЭ˵һλɽ֮ãʱҲһ㣬һΡСڡķͳ¡
͢Ϊ鹦ʱԶȴһ㣬ĨǵôȽΪַΪͤᣬǸ½Ը֮
󲢷ǵ³Ůӣδ½̸ʲôǸˣһ˵ǾȻ½ķҲ֪ͨ
뵽ʺоͰྪ壡
ѩ֮е᧿Σ
ͳһԭʱҲûʲôܻסˣ
Щ䣡Ǵֱ׳˵ƽδʧֻһ˸ˣ˻ȪҲȥʮȵۣ
ﰵ룬ܵЩʲô취
ǣϷǿǲģڿּˣץŮ֣˵Լ
ʺ֮ŮλʯȻǱȲ˵ģ㸸ձȨĪ˵͢㸸ƣԻʺĴϻۺ͵£زΪ㣬֮⣬лʲôܱȹȥ𣿡
Ƕˡ
Ϸ˸ʺʴȣһˣӴûĸ壬ĹŮʲôһҲ磡˹ΣΣ
ƺ˵Щʲôʻȥˡ
ŮʮͣòФĸȴ˼ۣһͷںڵĳ⻬ʮ
Ϸ˫ϲ۾ͬ۾ܲһ˿ǡ
ĸΪҪС佫֮Ůѵʲôͬ𣿡
ʲôϷشһ֣㸸¹½֪ʲôܱȵù㸸
ĸ׵ȷһλ佫룬Ȼֻһλ佫
ûԼأûԼĳǳأûǮҲûнȡ֮ġ佫붭ʲôֱ
Ƕһѩ£֦ͷĹʵȥǿֻҪ֦ҡһҡͻѩ
ǿ֦ͷĹӲʲô֦ͷܽҡ
Լÿˡ
ǰĸ˳ͳ¹һ㶼ȡ
¹ȿ˿ڣܲ½УʤһΪǿ֮ĩβʱȡ
Ҫأҿȡ֮
Ϊвбݣɴȡ֮
ǰһֱƺ뵽ʲô˻ȥ
ݲ㣬֮κΣ
ʱЩƻȻѾþˣʿΧҲռЩĵأ¿ѣһʳǿάס֧ƽ⡣
Ҫʳġ
һõģûбսϮݣԴԣһ·һ·⻹
һӹݣڳ˶ǻʲôģ
һ֮ˣᱻ׹ӯҰľˣչˣʳˣȥһͲˡ
˳üовƻβ廻ݣ
ЩǲܵԵģǵȷ㹻һǴǴģһǴӹͳ͢ŪģһЩĴշתʱӶġ
ЩɺʯнУҪһҲѡ
ǡ
Ϊѵüͷʱ˳һδߴ
ܸһ֮أ븡Ƽ죡ƻǸΪ
üĿչˡ
ȥһ˸⣬վʱһƷ·Ǹµֻˣȥ壬Ҫ̸
˳ƽһ˲ɣǣ
Ҫ빬ˡ
֪
Ϊ֮ŮС룬ǸТ˳ӣԹĸס
ҶԲ
˳¶Ըĸ֮ΪϣӲ֮١
Ȼ֪ġ
빬ȫ˶ڵſº֮Ů빬ʲôơ
Ҳǲ۰ֻǾЩҲðݡܲٶȡ֮֮ӣ
Ϸ˽ת˺ڰǽ棬һˮҲûУֻаԹ
ҪĸŮڲ𣿡
ʧɫҲ˵ĻҴȥ
ǰأ
Ϊ͢عذҪأѵлܱ𣿴ҴұضΪð졪
ˣ㰴°ɡ
ϸո¶ϲ֮飬Ϸ˼˵ȥ
ǭ׼ҵŮޣĸҲҪðһͭһ£빬һޣĸ壬һֻһΣ붭ŮȴǺεȵر𣡡Ϸ˵ˣǽصģ£Т˳ʹ빬֮μѣǹȥҲԹĸס
ֻ۾۾ĹâȥҲȥˡ
ϺһԴڵƻǰԼǰǺơ
ǿŮ뿪ʱӣҲûöµŮ
ҲȥˣҲȥ˻𣿡
һ֮ʱ״ϣȱ䡣
˳˶һףӪС
ӪװҪܾã׮׮ȱʲôʲôҪǰ׼׵ڶ̣
Ҳһսбʤ֮ģΪѾȴã
Զ
˳תʱºһױ
ױ˵캮ضΪϧʿ֮ʣݻ
ĸߴ佫ˣ촽˶һʶױո˵Щʲô
¿ڸϣ
ڣױ빬ȥˣ˵ּ⽫£Ҫӭº֮Ů빬ġ
ӪһƬڡ
ʿ䶼ĵúܣǲÿΣΪºŮٳһٺõģ
ֻи˳һˣվѩﾲ˺ܾã˭Ҳľ
ҾƣѮ֮ղ֮κΣ
ܲע佫ǡΪݶ࣬Ȼɹۡ
һ¶ģЩȻԸΪǵս
սƷֶݵػָɣܴȻѾ¾δµ۲ֻ˰ȫУԼġ
ЩѪȶеܲٺ⡣
ȥҪʱʱȷԼ½ʿʿΣǷȻս
ʾҪϸһ룬עЩ󣬲ܲٺס˹Ρ
Тϵ˿ɺЩˣ
һԵŮյȲ裬νӹ֮ɫЩж
˷æǹҡ
ʲôæģ ܲЦǺǵػӻ֣ԪڣǲصǵģֻЩԹȻн٣˰
ЦһЦȻν٣Ҳ΢ģʱҹյƱˡ
ƮƮģľѿյƾĨƽС¡Ļشƺȡ˲ܲ٣Ц
ʵǷТԼ̰ưˣ
ϵĴƣȻͬġТЦеӦһ䡣
ܲٿƾϣǺؿЦ½ľƱأ
ƺס˹Ρ
һųüӦһ䣬Ϊ˽оƺأ
ƺһɣ˲ܲٻʼ䡰ô֮лλıʿҲһͨ졣
λһȲ裬һһ⡣
ТЩרˣġ
ϾϮȡ֮ҮЦǲдŵġ
ܲ΢΢ۣΪΣ
ڲܲٿϧһдҲҪϮȡվ֮أȷ
Ѷϣ֮˲ԣȴ֮Ȱ棬˵ġ


308 
ķα,ʱӰ쵽Ƭϡ
ͼĲܲپʤ˻ǰˣܹĴӣԼ
ٶ˵ЩԬܸ۰Сӵļ,ΪԬܽὫҵԬҲпܵġ
£ƺԬ̷ݵսصģ׽һЩܴһЩ̾ʹ򣬴,ԬҲָɵʲôܹҫ鹵¡
Ԭ̷Ӯ˺ܺ,Ҳ,Ԭܻܿ,Ҳܻ,˶ѡ
ⲢζŶһ׶ԣӱɱҲһص¡
Щ׷ԬܵҺǵһʲô,ʲôϣ¶ҪΪӸʱŭתΪǿµ
һֱԬ̷ĹͼΪ˲Ǩŭ뷽跨貹ȥ
̽ԵǲʹҪԬ̷ûеõȷĴ𸴣˽ҲȥڣҽһЩ̸С
,һЩõʾ÷ʽͬʱ½ͬһˡ
ǵĳҰ,÷Ѿ,߹ʱժһ,֭,ʮֽʡ
·ժûʲôͯҪãũ˾Ҫææܹ
Զ߻Ұ÷ģȥժȥ
Ұ÷ֵ÷ӸͷСζᣬܺǲȥģǾϲǱһƬ
ͼķĲƬ紵Ļĵϣʲôûˡ
ûҰû÷֣ûܻũˣҲûˣϷͯ
ֻа͹ƽѣһһǳǳĽʬڸסżɵʮģ¶ôһΰ׹ǣһ֪ѱѻԾ
ѻЩʬɴʱΪϣٵֻԱ·ʱһӣѪһƬ֡
ڻĵصľͷǵĳ£
ͼ̧һ½Ŀ˻λվµŮӡ
δҾ񣬡һаá
½˵ͷ
ûͬѣɫҲ䣬ֻǵؿ
λԬµıʿһۣгӻȵװһڹײġ
ƽʬԭѰᣬֻΪѻɸ꣬ƽǺδӦɽϣͼǶ࣬Ͻ֮ʣ׳ʿ֮磬̾޲ύһ±
½Ⱥƺ΢ɧ
λμͤƺĿ´ûʲôӦֻǿڹײ˹ȥ
Աߵļʿһ𣬴˹׸ǡ
ѾһµģȴմѪľ£ҲǹͼСģһмڴˣԽϳ壬Ҳ֤û١
½ʬķʽеϡ
ȥմȾѪ¡
ʲô
ֻǿһ۲Ĳ֡
ţ½ϸ˿ʲôһֱ𣿡
ֱһȾѪԲʯתͷ
ӹģַԵ鷢ȴ۾գһգ
۾ڵ̶һľ䣬ɲ⡣
ǧ˵ļþˡ
ͼ˵
˽ҪԵһж׼½ؾ棬Ԭ̷
ͼѾ˵˿ڣ½¶־ģһҪ˰Ԭ̷µ·
˶֪Ԭ̷½δ֪
ΪһûСסֻСˡ
˲䵽ڣʶΣһλ̵Ľսʤı죬͸ˡ
һͣʻŽ㹻侲ҲԣһԽɽʱһݵ˶ҪΪᣡ
ͼʲôºˣȲں½ҲںںԼһ뵽ԬܵǨŭζʲô˼Ҫ־÷
ֻǽǿʯͷ˼ûзŭҲû
ࡣĿƿ֮󣬵ͬߵ˷Ը˼䡣
ʿǰļ̌ǡ
Ŀӹľշת˹ͼ
˷ΪΪƽͼݵǧսʿưᡣ
ص˵ͷ
ָо֡
˷ţԭΪʹŪɳ׾ˣʵ񷬸ЩǮıǸ⡭ͼһ˵һع۲Σ
̧ͷһۡ
Ԭ˼̽
ƽ˵Щƽͣͼȫסˣһ¿ʼ
ⲢԼʤʵִĽ
һǰ·ţСĵӦ仯ͳߡ
ȷʵĴӡͼС˵
һʳ벼˽ʱʻһ
תͷһֻۣͷ
ϡϡ®֮أ֣֮޾У֪񣿡
ͼͫһ˲˲װ¡
ʹ£Ҳ
Цһ£ƺûע⵽ոɫеı仯
ԬΪܽãңӴ±սˡ
ⳡսڽؿʼæµйͣս߸Щ£Ҳڱʱ½һš
һֱһͷ
ԾǶϷ̩ɽȥ죬һձ㵽ˡ
¹ѩɽƽԭӺ䣬ɽϻѩΪ޳һɽ·˪ѩᣬʹһŲȿձٲûʲô˻ڴʱɽ
Ǽȥ
ɫúܣ̹ǣ·ʱҪѩ
ֽŲãѩתһ䣬Խһɽʯ
ƺеģؾȻ
ѩȪˮ֦ͷӨ͸⣬ԼϤ̬ӭ
δ̩ɽһжм
ʱС
˺ܾõ·ɽʱɽƵ̨£ʯּ˪ʴһЩѩһЩòƶĿ
ȻĬЩѾȥĵĵϣ
˳̩񰲣Լĳϡ
˵Щġ
½ڼǰתһɽĺ̹ǣԼģ·־ơ
ȻСشӻͳǿմȾѪʯͷ̨ϣֵһ
ʲôҲû
ǿʯͷϵѪѱˣԶ˿һѺۣôҲƷ
һ·ɽ˵ˣһӡҲûУҲɽһƬյʧȥټ
ǹִ˿ʯͷĵĻѩ
ɫˣҲ
ٲɽֻɽϹҹˡ
ʧվѰɽ·
ɽ¿ȥʱһƬʯᾣЩʯͷÿһ鶼һƺÿһ鶼һġ
ֹһʱ˻
Ҫٿһǿʯͷ
½תȥ̳ǿѪʯͷʱƺ֮ǡ¶һ϶
ϦͲƫǿʯͷϣȼ˽ɫĻ⡣


309 
ս,ڴ˵ܶ»ûꡣ
˵ͦæġ
С常ص,ڸ֮ǰһ˾ǣ¼һЩսеı֣׼ռĽֵĹͽ
Ȼûи½λСԸܲ˵Цʽ̸,崺ĸо
веھСС½ֱȭͷʹ򣬵ЦذӸ·߹ϵĵط,˳ܹ,ȺڶĲĲһ˺û͵ˣͷ
˵һʲô£ϱ˵϶Ǽ¡
ĺ,ȰһȰڷ֮е
ʣؿ,ڴҲܿ岼ϸµ˲ԲطǿѾȾɫĲϡ
뿪ʱ,ֻǸСѾǵ֮Ůˡ
½ͬ,ݲڣС,ܹ,ҲûΪʲôصĻƵ¹,ȻɳΪһƤ,޳ͷںڵĿɰŮ
ֻŮʱʱƲһƲƻŶ쵰С
㿴ԸҵȰ棬ϱÿڸʼһ֯ͬ³Эʲô
ͬƳһۣæģһá
ԼˣΪʲôҪһ٣
ʱˣͬеɲͣһʱҲδôء
Ҳأ̵Եĵ
ͬı˱Ⱦγزһ壬̨Ѿҵҵܾõ֯ͻȻ˺ܴһϱһ
ϱķǣץһѶ˳͵ĳƶŭؼźͮͮСҧȥ˿ԿԵ
ڱĵһ㷴ӦҲûУϸĵطļȹ
һ壬ⳡϯݵսƱһ޴ѡ
սȥѵ·ȥԼʧɢ˱ȽԼĳҺ˲ͷֻΪһס
Ҳⳡ˹ˣʶ˺ѣջ˰顣
Ȼͬĺϱʱȷⳡͻİ鵽˻ǲҵģ¶Ƿˡ
Լɲĸڷؾǵ·ϣ³ˮʱһλͬҲǹˮ꣬˲֪ôͿˡ
λʮò̸¾ֹֺţΧȺ˵ȷһλɾ
δһӴʱһС⡣
λɾƽϣƽةܱȲôҴҵ󣬵ڱҲмʷƽаĶǸѲ塣
ڻԱˡ
λŮɿδкιҵκְ
Ůɡɰʵ飬µظĸһ£ĸ׵ܸѣϲɱ
һӾͱ㾹ҪȢһɱҵǭײɣ
жȣ񣬲ǵȴ׸ˡ
˽¶飬̸ʲô񣡿ҾǸ֪ʶģԲ൱
λɾֻڵϣϢŭ
һԵĸ߹Ȱһ䣬ҶϲΪҲ޷Ǹ֪ˣ񷨵ģֻҪһλ˿¸ͳˣ
̧ͷüͷĸףȻǲͬġ
޸ĸѵҲ޸ĸ𣿡ةŭԺ£
ţҸȴǿϱһѳƶʼȰ˵ҲһةС½һˣһᣬ²ͳ𣿡
תһ£ƫ
㲻ˣ
λŮŭؽȹ£һԵСˣ޸ĸҳ޲ˣ
ϱץһѳƶ¼˽ˣɱļҵڣмеİӶȢ㣬㸸ĸѵ𣿡
ǲĻұ͵͵ܳȥ
һԣͬһμսˣ㿴һƬƬİ׹ǣС½ӮһսһҲ࣡
Ĺĵ±ȥ
ҲС½ͷȢأǸͤأС˵
ҼͤҲܵġ
λ˳͢ӡ緵ŮڴʷڣȫĽϸί͵ģͬڽ档
ҲĿҲûкضֻǿŴ֦ͷϵѩ
ϮѩƮƮ£зһĹ⡣
µŮؽһȻʵһŮԶˡ
ǸСŮüҲ֪ϲϲ
½ੲݵͬʱ˼άɢһһܿĿֱ֮ӡ
ܿó½Ŭ
֪½ܲܿóŬ
Ͼһ̱ˣԴǵ˺½ֱ׾ְ˽һرʹ¡
λHH롱ʿһԼĺ룬ڿˡ
û
ڻ½Ĭضˡ
ܿڿ˵Ȩ½㣬Ҳ໥ģʲôҪʱ½ԥǻ˵һ
ͨ£ڶʹشӦҺϣ½˳һȺҵѪ鶼ڽܲƺˡ
е鷳
ʵºС
ݵİطؼ磬һβ׵;·ϣǹҪĹά򣬶Ѿˡ
ȱһϵе⣬˵ЩƷ²Ϊ֮˻аŮñ಻İӲҵľء
½и⡣
׵ĽӪٸˣˣ׽ʶֶ÷ͣȥС񲻱㵱
Ȼֵڵġûˡ
ûҲûйϵȻ˵֮ǰҲûоĸˡ
ƳһۣӽگȻǲҲӵġ
㲻˵СҪӽگ
ڻԼĺӣǲԸʵҲ
ſһѱúܺõĺӿ뾾ΪʲôôѾһֱԱ˺Ȼˡ
µи֮ߡ
ĳȺҲڿ˵ԭͬѧʿ޶һЩطɷ棬˵ˣͷĻܹ㡣
Ͷ˶˿ֵƵɰڼƵģҲ֪ɶһֱû˵Ըոտǻһ
ǳȺû캮ضʿңѴȨ֮ƣЩ˸Թ磬ְ֮°ǻӪǡ
ͻȻתͷǲؿһۡ
ܾʲôطе㲻Ծ
ȷǼС£ǵǿӶʮʿԭѾһλŮŮĻȥʿۣ㲻ܵжԴˡ
ЩΪ֮½һģֹЩ£ӡ
򡱡ʿ֮ĵȼʶҲģ¸Ϊ˿ټ͡Ϊ֪һסټ͡
һеΪѵ飬ڲе֡
򣴨ϵĳȺڰͺˡ
֪е鷳֮Ⱥȴ֪ģҲҪ衰Ȩ֮ߡء
սƵ֮ս฾ˣִʱվˣǲȨ֮߾ͺ˵ˡ
ͨȺ갷
ͼʲô
һ˼Ŀһתתȥ
ļ˵ЦеǾͽô
ȺƺһҲûʶԼҪʿ۳ʲôȻӦˡ
˵ԷȻ֪ǡ
½ǸľͷԴھͺǻɡ
Ⱥûʹɫ½
һҲûп½
ر⣬һҲ
ǿڻȻˡ
е塣
½ײڣСɺͰҲڣﲻڣֻͬһüϡ
߽̽ͷ̽Եһô춼ڼң
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˵ڼҵĶڡ
ͬĵĶͣһ£º͵صͷŮɵ˼
е㲻̫˵ˡ
СŰȥˣϱǣͬ˵ϱȻ˵㣬ߣǸеĻӣǧټѧ⼸ı£ȥѧһôȹˡ
£½һ£ô֪˭ң
Ǹǿӣ֪ͬ߶߶˵λɾ壬Լ䲻˷ء
½վſڣͬĹҲûСС۾ǴɻӲһС
Ԭ̷ˣ
ͬľֵؿ˵


310 
һ˴̴,֪ܶϻͨ˳һСƫ
Щ½ѾʶˣŬȥ˷Щûǹ,Ҳ۲˷˷һˡ
˵ڡ塱,͵˼һĶ塣
ϲֻԬһҴ,硰١һ¾ǵʹ,λũ,үү̫ξ,Ҳ̫ξͬҲĴ塣
ٱϡ򣴨ϡɶϡ⿤½ϡ³ɶɶɶ,Ҫ˵Ҵ,϶вٵģϱһ·,ɱұٵ㣬Ҳû̫,Ԭˣ϶ԡ塱ӡһЩƫ
ܱס,ųƵϴ壬½һ֪
ڷһھǵ,ʲ,ҼƯСӵҴļң
޵һîˣڸϵɣ˵ϻ,,֮⻹˭Сӣ
˲ܹ½˼ƮƻûöپͱϳߵԬ̷ϡ
Ȼ֪ˡƽϡ֮,Ҳ˰,ûʲôˡ
Ȼ֪һϵûС
ֹϵпǺõһ֣Ҳпǲõһ֡
Ȼ½ʱװ֪
顣
·ÿһ⣬ٸ֧𼸸Сӣ治ͣһЩˮԼṩһЩ
ˮṩģ񲻽Ժȸ㣬װˮټ·ʡȥٲ
ṩġ
ЩóԣǴֵײĳȫʧȥһ޵ùζ滹˴ĿѳԼˡ
Ҳṩġ
Щ϶ȾɫǩԷֱǵݣڻȥ·ϣǿȡÿһΣҪһǩ
ٸǳŵǵǩһֱûʹã˼磬ôһǩȥһһĿڸ㸳
һڷǲֵһöǮģһҵĿڸ㸳һôҲҪǮǩ˺ܶѵѡ
һ̣ţʵڲʱȥɡ
Ѿ˰ȥһĸ˰ҵôβ
ĶкӿźűӣҲǱĸĸƨɾ¡ǩȥģͨЩڣݹᾣͶ·ˡ
ɵĳȥھ·ֳ֧˼һ·򱱣Щһ·½ʶѣ㺬ۣϧ𣬱˴ԼԺл·Էļ磬һҪǰȥݷá
һꢳЩ񣬻н˾ǡǰԱΣ޷üһλʲôĹˣֻܴӳ泵еĲͷòɡ
ƽةһ·ĵҡΣһԣֱ˳֮󣬲ڻһ
һˣżҶǣ󲻳ɸͳʵûа취λֹжȡķǶȻôóóȻܳŵġ
գ˶ΪѾ˵ʰҹ͵͵ǣ׼ȥǼˣֵҹץȫҡ
ةѭ浸һӣûԼһ뾭ѵĶӣŭ˹úýѵһ٣ѪģòϷĹӡСӻǲϴһһ׼Ϊһּ̼ҵŮ游ס
ҪǼӿͷ絷⣬ͿҪĳѪة׼Ϊֹġ
Ȼ򶼲ֲĴΪֹֻһİ취
˾Ϊ˶ġ
ŮΪҲңýǲˣŮӼûиĸһλԳҲ϶ǲ׵ģ˵ҲԿһŮӵʲôƷԣ˱Լһˡ
ȻȢ¡أϾǶϲˡ
˵Ҳᣬ׼úŮӷġ
ŮȻ˳Լһ˴ŵܵܣ뼸︾һǶӣ¿ꡪˣԼԸһǮױҲУܵһʻҲɣܱ֤ʳǣڰܶ
˼ʱͣˣе͸ƺʲô˽̸
һС͸ߵһ
ˣŮסһġ
ⲻʲôŴ󻧣ֻǸ徻СԺ䣬ɾ࣬˩׮ӣ׮ӵĹ⻬̶Ҳ֪֮˵ġ
һ¾ΣȴḾ˿Ŷк֮ͯ
˺ȻʶԼոյ뷨ʵгġ
һȷûӵģֻмźסһλͬϸ˵ҶԳһ·ģﰲﶨˡ
ѸٵؽʵҲû̫ȡ
ŮĸȻģȻðһݼҵ֮棬ЩƻټӼĵ˸һԽܣҲСĶյˡ
һŮδûԸ⵱˵ĲңҲ׼
ضûȶã߽һŮɡ
Ůʮ߰ͣ񻣬Ƥ𪣬ȻݳƲޣе˼ֺøУɫոպãȢһλɫ࣬һ¸ӦҲʲô¡
λ΢Ц˵⣬кŮϸ̸֮ʱ˻ˣпͣҲûֱĵزص˴£ֻ䣬ϸ͵ĶԻ
ⲻܹ½㡣
һο뿪Ҷӡľ飬ںңԶңԶĴǰҲͨһֺⲻ˵ý͵ġ
һҪˣе˷ܡ
ϣλ˵ȷǮģΪ뿪Ķӡ
Ϊ檡
ҶļƷѵƲһλɾ𣿡λѭѭգڣѵ¸ȥ
Ҽ䲻ʲôŴ󻧣ҲûΪ檵ŮֻΪѰһλңˡΪ
̾˿
ҲóȻǺ˼ҵŮʱƮƼ㲻ΪԼ룬ѵҲΪ׵룿
ҵܵܣ
ҳ꣬ҪȰһˣϸһ룬ھûѹʾɣǼΪңҲССˣԼ޵ã׵ֵأ
û
̸±֪ضǶʶֵˣͻСûһǵܵڴ˾ĿףҪͷָÿ˾ټأ
ֿʼ˵ˣе䵭
ΪΪµı£˸ǭףҲгͷ֮յģûб£㽫˻ǮҲվɰﲻ
䳡ˡ
ܿ죬ܿ찡λֿʼ˵
Ҳʼ
ŮССͣӲĳҼ֮ʣ״ϲߣҪֵܿధЩˣܵһͷһ֮˿ԳþãܵҲмӻҲ˷飬缺ȫ𣿡
ֳĬˡ
ǳĬûãһϴθˡ
صĴ򣬲֮ʡ
㣿
λѰңˣ
ʲô飡һ£
ƺǺŷŭվˣ
ʲôµһŮɣ˵Ļ޸ĸýѰ㣬ѵǾҪ֪񷨲ܣһ˲ɣ
λشúܿ죬رᶨơ
Ҿ͸ߣ
ûˡ
ȡ֮Ǽٵĺ
ͻȻѸײڶٶȽƿˣ
һȥպÿ˶ǽµˡ
Ҳһͷһ˲´ļͤͷе㲻еִٵسλܻİЦЦ˻֡
̵ɫģŤ
ʲôҷ簡ƺ۶˵ӣɤӿʼΪУڴ˴͵֮ԣԳܣ
⡭½εҪվҽ͡
ûͣѾˣĵܳȥЪ˹ɤҪ͸Ͽ콫ϳҪ뿪
Ʒʱе죬½û壬ҪϽ뿪ֱ껹Ҫµĵط
аɣⲻʲô¡
ƷỊ̇½Ȼ״̬
ŮСɷףͬͬŵ߽ͻȻͱסˣſڰϿʼޡ
ҪҪô죡һ߿һߺҵĴأ
ողͦӲ𣿡
ΪɶǰôӲ⣬СûشߵصһۣȻ
ܹͬˣȸƳȥȥϱСɺͰһȻٻͷȰ
ͺֵһ硣
֪䣬мݶ˴̣ϦҲȥˣеЦҲˡ
첻½Է½ҲӪлһˣһҪ˵
´½չȻ˽Ӫ½˵˶ʮȥء
ֻжʮˣ
һ㣬½׵һ£³ǶʮˣзȾ죬Ҳʮ˵ֻס޵ˣʺϵһȥͤ䡣
½һӪлȱȱʦ
ͬС˵ٸ⼸пգͼ
ǰˡ佱һ䣬½һЦ
ǰ梽̵úá
½ˣһЩҪ
½֮ûڷŭĺŰǰ¶ݣΪһ㵣ǡ
ԡƽϡûʲôӡ󣬵ⲢζŶԷ½Ҳûʲôӡܵĳºûйϵ˲ص̬ȡ
ϸϸؽ֮½ĬһȻ̧ͷʮȷĿ⿴˰梣
ûɱǼҵˡ
½ϲ
ǾУ
㲻һŷҶĹˣ


311 
̿յȵ,˿Ϸطˣŷȴһͨ粻,̿
ż۽,һ̿һˮȥ涼ûʲôϢ
ٵʳʱȻֻСĵѯһ˵
ͺǼԭǿŵһ㡣
ÿÿ˽ȥʱСӻûúõģһ˫۾Ҫգգ,Ҫתת,ݣʮ㲡
Ҳ,Ҳ,ſҪ,Ȼʱܴʯĳĸףĸȴˡ
Ҷˣ˷߷߲ƽضǰ̽СֲʲôŴ󻧵ĹŮһĹŮˣҲֵ
,û,ǹҵǵ֣ˣҲѰˡ
Ҳ뷨,λĸ׵ĵ,ԭ뽫ӽ,˲ҵģԸѽ
СǸ侫ŮˣԱԴ˼ֱӵɨλһۡ
ҪֶûֶΣҪûӣƫƫŵںã޽ڣļҵɷةԼȴһŮð߬Ʋ
Ը⣿ԸʲôãСθһ֣ﲻ˶ûУ
һյһʿװ磬Ҳ֪ǡ
СԸȥˣ梣ҵıǣһֶζãȻҪӣýƸӭأɾҪҵţձǸգҺܼʮ壬ٽЩͲͷгʮ˵ſڣԹǵꢳ
ʹðŵþⲻҪǿ𣿾Ǽλʹθˣ˼Ҹȥ´󣡡
梣ʲôǸŴ󻧣ƽ˭˲֪˭˲һŮĿףĵȥ㣡˵һŮɣѵԼȥ淢ɼףЦҲˣ
ˡλСµĴɩԥԥҲҲҲû
ʲôǼҾǵСһѣվ첻ͶȥǣʱҲýӭˣȥɣ뷹Ž˱ǣ
СˣһתĴɩһ̫ᣬһֺŮӼݣɱɱҲá
˼ȥʱ͸Ѿķˣִɾˡ
һ˲⡣
δ룬⽥Ӷƶ˷Ķ峿ҲȺ
г·ߵ˾ǵĳ⣬ˮЪһЪţһˮʱһĻ
ʮӵһī˱Ų˿ףӭףֲǻʱ
ƽɣӭ֧׳·ӭ׶µҼ檵ģ
ԭˣ
ΧȺǴ󳹴Ҫô˵ӭʱ䲻ԣĶҲӭأԭӭҲҵġ
ֻǿƣ⻧˼ҼҾҲʵһĿУЩȡ
ܸĲ˽Ǹø
īСӵǡ

һ֧ҪǣȻҪڳſڴܼ飬һҲûɤӼ£ţ㽫һӪŮ˹
˵
˵ǹһģ֪ȺɻһסĲ½棿
Ů֮ϸһָʹӭ߼ۺ󣬷ŴҴ뿪
½и˿֪ܲЩӪ˶֪ΪλŮʱӪи½ЩӪеĸǶʮʶ֪½ӳǵʬɽѪｫ⼸λڴһôãѾΪԼˣȻ͸ʲô˵檡
½֮һҲûŭ
λòŮˡ
⼸æ񣬻ûüȥףұˣһ׮£
⣿
ʮʿȥ½˵˳ﱨţϽʰױƱǡ
Ůһӱʲôˡ
ǣ
¸߳
¸߳
СڳƿһǣԽԽﷻǽǿ쵽ô
쵽ˣ
ٴ
ǣ
ǴӶѡļ׳Ŷǰȥ׼ɤŰεҪСӵĵԹԳϳʱ
ǻ˼ҴŽգȴվŮװ峤ؿǡ
ؼ˰գصسſֵģϹֵģռǰ濴ֵģŲں濴ֵġ
ϻмСƬϸһ¡
¸߳
¸߳
ӭ׶ûˣֻʣ߰ǵ˽
Ҷ˷ܼˣֻӭ׵˲˷ܡ
ŮʲôɤҲʻضˡ
Ⱥ֮УǼܺӵɤžررر졣
ֱҲòԾֵͣĵ̽ͷ̽ԡ
վӭ׶ǰе׳ʮһŮЩ־һڿˮ
ⲻǸ޿ĹŮɶǵԽתòǺõһȣ˼ҷ
Ѿкǰˡ
ǺݰȻ½ӭף
˭
īϵƿˣ¶һžֵĸʲô½
Ⱥ̿ʼߴߴ
Ӫ𣿡
λ½ͤ½Ӫ½ףѵһλҲû˵
˵ģʲôϵ
ֹСҹ½ףǴһ·˸·½ⲻ෹̸һ𣿣
ǲǡСӵʼǲߴ˰
ˣһ
϶ߴˣСӵɤϸϸģ滹Ųȥȥ
·Ϊ֤λ͸αſˡ
߳һλʮŮӣĸò߳Ů̼ǰ֧ӭ׵Ķˡ
֪һλǰӭףô¸ױɣҪأŮЦҼҺŲᣬ䲻Ϲɾ𣿡
ӳȥһȥͨ籨ţŮƺ׼ֻǰһĻ׵ء
ѩһɴ̹Ǻ⣬ȵٲҶ
СӽڳһҲҶбں޺Ϳ־ˣ˾ֻޡ
һҲߣ½£ǽᶨˣ
ƽҵլۡڣ͸ڿҿҵϴɨͥԺⰾ
ҶϲԸͳˣ
ſϵСɾһ˲ĸԸΪƸ
ƸЦձ㽫
㲵Се㷢£֮ڣһռܲʶɣ
ҼԲƻţΪңҲһ𣿡
ܿϰ
βϣ˵Ҽ˿ѵȢ¸𣿡
ҲȢ¸С۾ˣĸȥƸšĸ
Ȣǲܵġ
̣ةúܲͳ
Ϊ˶롪ϾûҪǿͬǸŮΪ檣ûǰֶΣԵĸˣʲô˼ҵŮ
ĪţԸֻž㹻ˣҲĪ׼ʲô磬ֻһƲˣһңŮ죡ǲҪ
ǣ
ɫȥ
ȴԽԽɫҲԽԽѿ
ôʱ
˵ʱ飿
ŮѲ뵱죿
ʲôݣŲһӰˣҲФ
ˣüˣȥſһǵӰ
Ůܵ˲ϣ̽ͷһ̴ϲ
óһ֧ģˣ
Ǳˣ˲üˣĻҪʱţŮˣҲ֪ɾʲô
ˣŮȻձɫؽǲӭ׶ӣ
ˣ
˾λ
쿪Űܳةţʲôأ
Լһġ
ȷһ֧ӣꥣʮ㡣ϵĶƽصĺǿϵĶȺǿĽͣ滹ꢳƺƵʹǵѣһ֧յͬһ
˵еܲҿţʮ꣬ĿϵһȺ˴ӵţڵش̤߽ʱةû뵽ǵʲôġ
Щڻ۾һ˫˫ĶһײУ
ǰﶼ죬һֵܣͨޣһ֮䣬Ȼͱģ
ȵĿȥʱ˭Ҳ¶һ˿֮⡣
Щƽصĺ壬ض
̣ͥ״壬ʲô
ةһ˲˻Щѩʯשϣŷ˾Ҳ˵ϡ
ŵùһƬͥԺѻȸֻةԼһ˱
ʵﰡλް߰׵ĹԱ֮ΪΣ
ɭɭӸµǣȻͱȻһЦ
˼ʲôֽѾ̱ù򶼹סةҽϲ
ϲ
ɣһŹģ
ϲͿɲǷ֮ţչӦģ
˼նԶǱϤḶ́ܽɲŻ˹Ůۣ֮
ӴǿɲᲢˣ
ЩϺȻһЦݣеأȵӵҾļ֣ȵشһûδ׵СɾŮɰʲ½ңҲ
ʲʲô½ңةһƬãȻУѵʳһ䡣
ƺ˶ʳ⣬ǹЦ
в֪𣿡ξһֻֻѪܵĴ㣬һֹֻѪةĸ첲ϣӭȢģǼͤ½½Ů
Ͼ͵ˣ죡
ɿɴˣӭ¸ඣ
һƬϲ
ĸûôľ˷
һȺֵıмվһȻͿˡ


312 
ⳡԤĲǿˮ,װһЦة򸾣ڸԥ̫ʷļ֮µ½㡣
Ůţ½е¡
ԥϸع۲һ,ʲô²ɣ
Ҳ㡭Ѿȥˣһֻƣһֲֻܱĵĸ,ǽһֻҲ˳ȱȻ,ҼҪء
佫ɫһӾͳ,ԱߵĿǼмȥ,ϡ
Ҳ˸ġ
,Ȼ,еε˵,˵Ҽ
˵ɫתһ㡣
ƺеЦ,סˡ
ʲô󵨣
ƽةҵˣҵСӵǵ,˵,Ҳ֪ҵĹϵ
򵥽ȥһ,һȻ
ʹ,˾ײ,̾һ޷Ҳ
ҵ,һе֡¶ô𣿡
⼸˶΢س˼һ¡
Ӧɫ,Ϊԥô˵
źǿ,о,಻Ϊ档ô˵
Ŀ̫ʷô˵
Ƕûб¶ܾȵɫ
½˵»ֵͦġ
ԴĻ󲿷ͬ׼֮ڵĻıȢӷˣԶıͬļҪôʿ˺ʿˣҪôƽƽͺܺгûʲôǿǿ¡
Ҳִ˼άҺҪ̸һȥǾ¶ˣû뵽һ
Ͼĸ˫̫ƽӻ֮£ΪۣοʱûѰأ
ʲô˱۸û˱۸
ҵͷ
ǸӣҲΪۣοһŮأ
ɷأʣɷ¶𣿡
ƺסǡ
ȻԪֱشŶ֮𣿡
ͷ
˵ǽ䣬˿ںҴ˿ۺصҪǽӦɵĸ˰
ȻطҲЩң̬ȫǡЦúò顱ʵһ֮¾ɱһǧʯĿغ͹࣬ȻҴͱˡ
ݱˡȺ𣬿׷֣ɢȥͽᣬࡢ졢ġҺ󣬿һˣһ߰ߣǰⳡƽϢȥҲǿʵȥʿ廹Ǹʿ壬ɵɱһµֳˡ
˳˼
Ǹ
ǡ
Щͬıƻ飬ȴû½½״ΪĹŮ

ǾȻδģ
ΪҺǿɱ˵ʱ㶼֪˭ײˣ
幫ﵤһլۡռʦ˵ⷿӵˣסȥżǹﵤöӵɱˣɱˣɱ˰լլķˮත֪ˣﵤͶӶɴ⹫һʮ׳űɱٸ׼ԩˡ
ִˣﵤˣˡ
·ͤУΪأԥȻȰһ䣬µ˼
ͷվ׼ȥμӻ
ҲںǸ˵ɷǵӣܵһҽǡ
䣬·˳һ
ЩŵģŵĶԭⲻشˡ
֮⳵ֶ˲ٶټŮͣкµפۿ
żһŵӵģǰһ䡣
ųȥӭ˭ҵ¸
ЩŶ˶ͷ·ʲôװ
иϵ˱ͣ˽Ųкһ
ӭ¸µȥӭɣ
˵þе㲻Ծ
˽Ѳȥӭ׸
ЩŶæͷѹøˡ
ֹ
ԼҵһҲԡ
СʱͬĺϱмСӣֵöࡣ
Сӱˣ͸һͽ档
½׵ϳţλӲ˵ʲôϣرʾֻԸ泵С
ƺƽسǽˡ
Ҳ
ͣ
ǰֺõ
ҪȵˮǳԵʲô𣿡½׵Ӵ̿ӵ̿ҪҪ
ҡֹһҡ
밢梶ɻ飬ֻСɰЩģȻǵ˿ʲôġ
ﻹǾúھΡ
ʵҲûʲôͣ˵ѵ𣿡
Ȼǲҵġ
Ҳֻ壬ŻŻҰˣˢۣԵϸüëˣҲһͰˮȥһ
½׹Ц
αˣЦʱʱǹĻᣬӦץסǣ
ɣһĨ糺죬ȻǼǹģǡᣬ̹á
ֿʼ಻ͣйϲеӣࣵıһһֵҲˡ
㿴С£طϣ½׵˾أЩ£Ƕ뵽ˡףǰ梵ˣ
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ˡ
룬ûףǵʲôˣ
¸δʱѾææرקͣˡ
λСɾȷʵǺģһݣɫ̫ãûκμɩɩױϻһۣڸǰȥȦ
ܰδһ㲣λ߳ʱǻȲʣ
ĺɾϼͤŮ
߬ɵ֣ҡһҡֶƽرĲͨ䣬һֱҪæģ
ƻͨôѣôͣԭɾеۻң˸ƮƮСףθҵ
ôҵתͷȥڱ˼ۣѡһ¬Ҳˣ⼸Ҳ˲ˣεҾټ㣬˵ְֻ
һƬ˽λ¬ܡ
˳ʱһģüͷ壬ȴʹֿЦڿޣܹ黹ͷˣұϣҲһֶˣܵ£ʵʵҪΪɾʤΰ
ˣҲѣֶĪѣ֪Ǽ׵ˣȥǵĸѧһѧܵ£ʲôɵģ
Щ˽һ㣬ܿ˴ĺϲ
ǲ˫ϲţ
ǣ
ЩԭЩ㷲ˣҲ¶һ˿Цݡ
ةʱһ˿ϲܽŹ׻Ǻҵģϸһ룬½ҵǼŮ֮ǰйһССֻҪԺСͺ¸ϣ½ҲȻῴһЩһ׮£
Ȯӣܵ㿴أةЩˣźأʲݣԸɱƬ̱㡪
¡أЦļ򣬡֪˼ΪƣƷأѷԸۣظ֧®þ磡¸ţӭһȥҸϱǣ
ĻϲةȻˡ
ʲôȢȻУ®Ȼ𣬾ȻҲҳ
˵һ֮űһϲġ¸
¸
ЩҺǿǰȺУһ
أ
ɴ߳
ɴ߳
ⳡʱʱ⣬ͳѾȫȻͳˣ
ȺظĹԱһӵϣ罫ɴӵͳȥ
ʲôӣ˵ҪˣҶѵҪȥ׸𣡡
ҵ棬ҵķǣҵġ
ة͵˷һѣ˸æųš
ѽֶˡ
ɨɾĽֵϳƵɽ˺ƺƽسǵİնܳⳡ
ûʲô˸ǰ壬Ϊ鳵д䵶ŮһſЦɱڡ
߳ȥʱиƿ¸ݱӺڰڻ֮¡
۰ڣϸ㾱¸ȻǸòˣֲһϲ۾ˮ
ֲ̹Ҳøˮ
ʵϣλϻˣ·Ǻܷ֮⣬Щ͸ûע¸òΣǳ
ǵĿŵ泵½ʮʿϡ
һλȻŮɣòޣףʮӯ󣬱ȥӭһˡ
˾һҲʮ꣬ʮߣԼˡ
˼˵ףݺȻ
˭ָ૵ʵǸˣ˭
ģȺǿȥ֣Ȼͤ½Уξվƽأˣºң
öˣΪŮ½Цɨȥһۣϡ
ſڴһƬССɧλͣ˽Ų
ϲûȥˣ˴


313 
ɺ,еĶˮ,һ·ظȥ
·һһŵĻѣƽسǶˡ
ԭӦƥҲ棬ֻܱƽ¸ȥ
׮˵ǽף˵ǽ,з᲻ҪǿŮ,ŮҾ͸ظɴһŮ,вݣĴָڵ,ٷ߷߲ƽҲƽˡ
֪˶Ľ֪ͦСڳ﾿ͻ飬ɱڵسһ,ֳԴߵ͡
κ·̫˵,ֻгֵ֨ѽӵı,Ⱥ,Լ۴ҴҵĽŲǣʱıԹ
Ȼⳡùڴæ,ȺǿӼۺʳ,ææµµ͵ظȥ,ɱ,Ϊ֡
Լʮ׽ξһʱȻŵļЦ˵ȴȫȻǸˡ
ⳡ磬ղںģСģ½ʲô
ξǸĴ׳ĺӣһ㲻üͷ½ҲŮɣһźİɣ
Ƴһۣ潫ǵ˲ɣ
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ة˻㶵ؿûƷʲôζةȴô²ãҪסʱξѾԿֳˣҵ⼸λɣǶǴСģƷѧһǰһĺãһģҲ벻ýҵ۲ǣ
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ԣ
ԣ˵常ǧܱȥ


314 
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Ǹ԰,Ȼ˯˯㣬ɼҵ˿϶˯ŵġ
ƿ鷿ͭĻһ˲䱻ɷ紵öҡһ
ò,ˡ
͸ȴǳ,ڵأ,ǵȥ,קקڽ,һߡ
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ⰵ𱸵Ļ,һ˲ŭЦ,һľ,㷴ң
ҵļңҵĵأλǾң
ֹȥ,˵滨׺˵Ĳ,˼Ҳҽ߾ȫ,ܱȫͷ­ף½ҪЩҵ
ҼҲǡ
ң,Ԭ,Ԭͷ­Ǻն
,һ,ӺϺ,ᣬ˿ˡ
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ΪΣѵ½ʲô³֮𣿣֪£֪ܲʿأ
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ƺûʲôͬƺʲôͬ
ļһǱˣˣʮأָɣҪһʵ˰߸
ֻҪһ룬ƽأԼδı˵Ҫ½ڵ췭ظտЦЩˣҲҪһױȵʹǮةûôʹˡ
нƽ͡
½ڴҲ͡
̿յúȣһ˵ȣСҲҪ˱ӣܺӱͬÿƨ֮ͣˡ
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ҾھϢһ䣬㿴
ظ׼ӰǡȻ˵ĹߣסظõȥˡȻеɣװҲɨ÷ǳɾǽ˿Ϸ죬Ҳ©磬˱ůЧҲܲ
һë̺̺һƤƤëůڵġ
һҹסһȲ裬һ¿ɽҩҲƲࡣ
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½üҿƽǸˣٿġ
еԻüͷԼû¶ô죬˾˲ɣ
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밢梿ɲͬ½̷ҷǲ֪ʵԸҲ
֪ʲôҿ˵ʲôأ
ĸݺȻִӱˣߵץĸ׵ӣָҲҪԣ
ͬһ׼Ѱʱ½׸Ͻɽҩ˹ȥԾͳԣһʱҲ˯Ҫġ
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½׵ı΢ͬĵıҲ΢
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ҪΧҷּң֣µĹǸ㣬ˣֻҪüĿԱվþС
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Щǲ˼ģƺЩ֮¶УڲֱɳҲףЩпܻ鷳ԤҲһһˡ
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״̬е죬Ҳɢ
ǶǶ


315 
һܺϷ,ʵʩڴصʩ˾Բܲʡ
뷨֮󣬾ǳ˿֮ĹǴϵ¶Ա,ڶݵļȥ,½ͷֽŲҴææǼ˶˺Ȧµ佫͹Ҳ˺Ȧ
һ⡣
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۵ǱļӪ,Ϊһʿ
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ЩϱȢ¾͸ˣңʲôϱȢأ
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ҲŹĹƣ׼߿ʱȦ̫ʷƺͻȻ̷ֿˣ̤˹

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ڵһʲôƵġ
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ڴǰԭḡġ
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ķ̫ʷƺһҲȣһŹźȦֻ΢΢Ц
ͺƵġ
½һǳȺ
ȺĺȦҪǿµġ
λѧҳĹٸɱĻҲͰˣⷽƺӳɣһĻС֮󣬺ܿÿһͤÿһÿһԱ
ճȺĻǡҪǲﲻȣЩȱǲزģ˻ҪԱ»׿ЩҲǲصģΪ֮㻹øٵ
Ϊʲô͵أҲͦ򵥣ЩĵطǳԵҺǿҺܶ඼˼汲ﵱ٣һȥģָǹƽظԼǺѵģҪôʼӴȣҪôʱټӵǿĿȥҪ±롣
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ϸˡ
ڵٹһɫʮƣɫһ筺Ѭ˲֪ʲô㣬˾ǰѩµĺ÷ˬĿ
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뵽һеģ
ûдֻǱʾԼǲҪĵ˸⣬΢˼һ
Ҹºʱ򣬡˵ȥһζ


316 
һжܷƽ˾
̫ʷȴļʿ,ÿǧ𣬼ɸѡ󣬾Ȼ֮ڡ
Щ˶б,мֵܵʳ˼,һѹ,ǵ㱡Ȼס,ôûˡ
Щʣһͷţͷ,ȥЩʳ,û,ֻܽԼҵǿЩҲûеģֻʣΪūһ·
Ƚȷһ׮ˡ
Ӫˡ
һоӪ,ʹ˧½ڣҲƬӪĵλãϱҹء
ΧֽľݣԬ̷Ӫַ޽µĴӪ
еȾӵʴ󵥣æǰȾһ,ٽɸƳģһشھӪ֮С
ЩͬҰ,ʱȣܿԭ֮ơ
ӳڽǵ̼УӳЩͣڳǽ£һˮ,ǻĲ,ȥݵÿһ,һЩҺĶ
ԭ˵͸Ͷӵģ
ټҵ
᲻ʲôãڻҪ½Сȥ
ѵԴвɣ
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ۣĻ̻
汲ڱȻǲԸԬ̷ȥƽԭģߣѵҲ𣿿˳½ʱͶ˵УҲȥ
ڴƽؿʼͻȻ꿪ҪﰸȵϢϢ羪һ㣬ը޴Щ̲ǵˣǲ뿪ڵʲôأ
ɵػصڱѲߣȴҲ
Щǿֿʼ𡭡ߣأܲƽƽȥ
ͷ̱ˡ
ЩĹԼֵ岮˵ʱǿܻ´ЩԼϵЩ𴦵Ĺ
ܻЩ½׵Ů
Щº֮ˣһ׶֮ġ
ɱǲ͵ˣ˵ɱǣڹװɱ٣ǻҲЩˣ
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½ֲ֪˭ɱģƾʲôɱң
֪ɱʲôϵֻҪ㷸֮ɱģҲϳɳص˷ʵ㾹ͬ޼Ѫδģ
ʲôҲûѬǻԱ߷ӣ½һְƤ·ŻػԣӾʹһ˿̵ζ
˯ú㣬Ǵ˷ֳֻӵĴûᣬڵġ
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ʰ¼ңеæ½˵ƫСɾֲԴֲͨ񣬺λּʱ˼ۣҪǹָԼһҲʰ꣡
Ϊ룬óأ̬ȣԼδ׸ѡķӲڹһڸڡ
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ݺȻŷһ磡
ȥܺӸǱĵؽ㲻Ծ׵Ժȥˡ
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ꢳһһǰʱӲĵ棬ƺҲֳ˳ޡ
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Դһ㣬תͷǡ
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ȴЩ߰᲻Ĵ֮⣬һ䶼װˡ
һӣ½پԼ۾ҪϹˣ
˵涼ʲôλΣӲӣÿһԴΣһץһѣӲĴУ͸ӨĹ
ӱᵽǰԥŹܿʼһᣬҪɫͷ鴮СҲҪдףʯǺĻģû覴Ѻۣ״ʵɫһҲܺ
Щ֮ỹҪһʽݣÿ׺ºս׸˭ֵ٣ϸòϸ״½ȥצӡ
Ứ˺ܾõʱ䣬һֱΧתתȥʱʱȥԥһš

ЩĶ˽ʱһر˵ɻ
ЩȷٴеĲ˵Ҳǳ˲ȡ
𣿡ηʡ
ƯƯܲ˵صһۡ
Ƿݣԥһ£ͬӼһȡʳˡ
ϣҶˣӼЩ鱦Ȼ͸㣡
ɫе㷢죬ȻҪΪһݣ
˵ʱֻ۾ԲԲģҲһһϵġ
ûŮѽ³
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ƺǴＷģ޸Ǯɾӷδ䡣
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½̫ҵвҲҪһǻѪϣŭ
ټҵѵ㱣סô̾Ǻģ
Ҽڣһλʿ˵彫оɣ̿ʼŵıΪұһ˵Ϊ˵ܵһ·
Դӽӵ֮ÿһƺ÷ɿǿЩҪܣԼҲͰˣȫһôӵùɵĲ
ЩҪ˴ʼûдʲôϢ
ЩɫԺȣ⼸ｫһӵȤþ
ôȥأ
ϵĺ⣬һҹһҹسǵجа
֮ڣܿҪˡ
ЩլĸˣŰһƥһƥĴְײ׼ΪǵĸסֳТ
Ī˶Ů̬Щ׼ʿһһ̲סΪҹѪʳʱҪǵϲԡأ
ؼܲŭţ
ǾߵϳžǶȥġ
Ҫݵĺǿе㲻ʣֲᵽң
ţͷûᣬһֶûᡣ
üëΪΣ
½ȥһرߵλñ˱ȣһӽȥ
㶵ؿ
ͱλǺܲű߼ʵŮ˵޴


317 
ЩյĺŷԸе,ѺÿҪιʱ½Ҳĥھ¡
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ѾܾûŮװ,ûô,ֹһ䣬ʵĩˣ봩һµ,ֳ֪ϡ
¼һЦҲŮװ,Ȳҵġ
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Ц֮½׻ǸĿ
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ʹá
ԥվԺһԥԥѥ̨ףֻ˼ҴЬµԺӭ
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ٴĲѾϣˣѾ͵С
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ռϲЩȴδȡһܵͣкھΡ
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Щԭ͸ĽͣҲ
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ʱڵľ˵Щ鱦ӦǷֳݣһݸǶү֣õ֮һõģߴͷָʣµĲֲŻͳȥ
ͳȥǲȻҲɾʣʿģҪôʿǽһҪһΪЩȵѡʿ֮⣬Ѱʿ⿿û취Լͼ˹Ϻӵġ
Լݱó乫ˣʵͬʱͨ佫رԶ
ʲô˶佫̫һ
ֲȥԼˣȡǮʵʣοһԥȻŵùġ
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ԥ۾Щ֣ʲôһ
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뷨ⲻˣϾԴܳʱڣҪݳƷǵġˡƳɵģνԪݣ¸Ͻ𡱣ڵǴ֣ȻӵʱڣִҰ޸ܵ߸·Ŀ̣ʲôȻܾƷе⡣
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ƺ˵ʲôû˵ڣ־ͰǸӶȥˡ
һû˵лáε˵
ԥɤ۶Ｗһ䣬صл
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ԭΪ¹Ǻ㣬ԭˡ
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ֻ֮ǰǿ־ˮǸжˮ
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˵ֵܲı¡
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ڽʲôһ˵һǸż棬Ц
Ҳĳ輧һ䣬̾ƿĿ⡣
Ҳ˵˻輿һΪ裬̲ס͵͵ض࿴˼ۡ
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ⳡϯУ֮⣬ʲô˻ϯʵЩǿģƽʱһֱװʾˣձҲˡ
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⼸λ˭ɤʮɳƣ·𱱹ĺ磬˵ӡ
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318 
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ϣĵôĴָ˱Ⱥϵֻ򣬷ʷۣžͿɿڼˡ
½۾ͷһ
Զģж˵õĶң


319 
תůˡ
һƮƮ,һء
ļڣʺͬºһơ
Ƕڲܲ˵ϡ
ʱĴύӢ,ŵҵ,ϵģ޼
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ǰһ,ѣأɳ֮Ϊ֡
ԬһĽĺòδ,Ӣΰ,Ǹɶӡ
ǿոݣδָԪĲܲٲͬ,ԬѾӵġݣƺԱİҲ¡ʮ,ӱնм,ʿݣԸЧ˱ǿ׳,ݳ,Ƶϵԭİ
ֻһλȵİ,޼ȴ˪üĿҲһ˿뵡
ܲٶƺΪԬֻƺġյ˾ƣΪԼҲơ
ҹֽɫѣЦе˵ĪǺլ̫ࣿ񣿡
ԬƳһۣѵü檣ɫãҡ
õȻõģûãԬܺլеͬ
ԬԬֵںլ϶ʮֿݣŸǱ˴ԣֵ֣ҲȫȻûʲô취ã˴飬Ҳ飬һҲһʱ⣬ȻҲݲĳΪ¶Ҳ
ܲٲ飬ϲòŮӣ谮ʱҲ߽񣬵ֻҪԽ׳һЩẖ̂㻯ΪС
˰˰·ˣ䰮ˣġ
İŵģն˪ѩȨ
Ԭֵܺլ֮¾ֵ˽֪Щܲٿȥ
ҲΪŮţɫкãЦҲԱǡ
һᵽŮ¡ԬܱĬȻ̾һ
ľɽҰѲֵأֻǶƣһλȴͻĺȾơ
һ꣬ǰ
սʱˣܲٹеʵ˵ҽҵΪ롣
ģֻⲻǲԬܿɬ˵ԸҴһҵ
ܲٳĬؿһۡ
ȥǳս֮ԱϣҰͯҲܳ׺ĸҥ
׺ˣȻǸСʵϡ
Ⱥԣ˭ʵǲԶʵ
ɲ⣬Ϊ󣿡
Ԭҡҡͷǻᱻ֮ˣӭսʱ֪ң
ڣѾȥ岻ٿȻ޶
ҪֻĲҲΡ
λıԵķС˼һ֮Ͼ¶һ˿ٵ΢ЦδĻܵһơ
Ԭǰһ
ֺβֲأ
ԪͬҲδȫָԬڲƴ۵عǺѵֵġ
Ҳ鷳
г͢׷󽫾ӡ緣Ʒӡ緣ӵܣó͢ڶηگҪַԼͺΡ
εǣˣܲס
ȥܲĵһãˮڣ󾹻Ǳ½һ·ն
һξ㹥ǼҲ۽ѵߣ޶ԬܳΪ¿ա
˲ܲٵĻȴһ㶡
ӭӣ
ܲЦ󺺵ȻλϣΪβӭӣ
ԬüѵֻΪһβ۲ɣ
ôֻΪβأ
λ῵ʱǸ͹ʮĻˣڲ֪ˣ־جج
ϸ룬־ݺӱ׳ȻңӾںӱܲأ
ԬϸһӳΪʱǱ㲻׽ȾԶݣввοӱ
֣ӲǸͯܲЦ̫ˡ
ͯ
ҼҶʱƤŮιһڷҪͷ󺹣׷ԺϼȦܲ˵֮⣬κ˲ʳ̴ٲŮιԡ
Ѿʮ꣬ڷȻǲҪŮιġ
Ԭ̲סһ䣬Ҷɵķʳ򵥣οϾͷأ
Ӿ֮񱻶׿ǨһΣֱᷴ¾ũＸķϡ
֮͢¸صУҲҪȥºܲס
ǹУʮʳѾԹˣʣ¶ٻΪֳ͢ʳ
Զݣܲٶϲ񷵻ȻҪؽԼڣΪԼɻ
ֻвͨҰأҲֻһλȶؽϵĲ͵ĳ͢
ӲԸԬʳΪιʳλĹĺΪٽᡣ
˲ܲ渵Ԭüͷ
壿ϾǺ벻ÿȥ򹥷֮£ڳԹߣǧСĲǡ
ԴЩ߶߶ܲİݡ
ܲٿһۣԼַԬǿϣסҡһҡ
ҷſģа취Ǳߣǲʹί߱ǡ൱رŬӲͣ۾űĹ⣬£꣬ұнݱ
ܲٷ糾ʹǷʱεӻǺѡ
ȷʵ̫ãǼҾƷ¾ʵ̫
ŮһһΪƣֲǸʤˣܿһͿ
ʱڣϷ־ŵĹǰֱмʿݳҴҸϵɷ˵
ѱˮŮһһȵΪ˲ܲٸǰǽλıʿŪˡ
һӾͱˡ
ܲټº͵ЦЦ
Т벻㣬ҸЪһЪɡ
˸ö۾˲裬Ҫ£²ҵ顣
ţܲ˵ҽֻһ䡣
һ˲˹
ˣٵȡ
ȥѰ٢ˡܲ˵һ䡣
ƺڳ˴ʲ⣬θеһ˿档
΢΢ӣı㣬ǵڵλСһ𳤴ѡ
еģеǣеʹࡣ
ֻһ˲ܲٺܿѹ
ԸТƣ
ģ۲ţ̫ʺ֪ͣԼ£˲ǡһ˼һ˵Խ𲯽ύƫֻҪ£±㲻ˡ
ܲٻص˵ͷТ⣬ŵùġ
ɨϴ棬ʯש϶ˮһСˮ¾ԵЩۡ
ܲٲݻЩĥ˵ʯשҲȥᣬЩ͹ƽ֮ʱҪӱСģˤһӡ
йʱüͷС
ֻһ˲ľ죬ڰ͹ƽʯϣȴɶзȣһۿȥкȺ֮С
һӾϳ

̧ͷʱޱߵ˿һ˲ʹ˹ε۾
Ǹӣòһ˿ǽ޵ĳüڵ۾ֱıӣǿΰףƺûκα仯
ǰͬˡ
˹ʱκȻܺԼոպһ
һʱһʱ
δһ·ܵʱϣܹӭӣֲƽ
ȻΪΪӡ
ǺһӶǺ
֮ڿڣ룬úúõģҪ뷽跨ɱԬܵ뿪һԿġ
Ҫ˵ҵϣӵϣ͢ϣѾʲôʣ
ô˵
˵㲻֪
ܲٲ֪κ˿Щʲô
һõ磬·ƶһƻѾоǳƣˡ
ʱ˵
һһλȵ˱Уǰɵļ檣ʮ˳ӣ˺ĳ谮
Ϊ£֮󣬲ܲطһ̾
ĺլȽ徲š
Ҵãںڱ˿º͵ЦЦһǵû


320 
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ϸ۵Ĳѿ,ȻչĲҶѾ಻Ŀ⣬żһϮ,ɢһԼѹӢһƮƮ
½˸硣
սҲŴ˸硣
䣬,Ĵ
ʱڣǵ˼ܳȥˣеȥɨĹ,еȥ,еȥһԼҵءһ˵,ɨĹĺĶϼ˻,޾ƣʱ̬,鲻˵ʮֿ,Ҳƽ͡
ȥԼ˾һģ,ƺջ,ƺŲܷ߾һȦݡȻŹֿ,һ˾ŵ,ӽ׼˵ôֵͬ顣
Щʿܳȥԭر򵥣ϼƣָ֮ǰ,صĵطҪԼϽڵĻڡ˰ϵ±ϱˡҪһ顣
ָֺ,ţ,вϡ̸ѵȡ
ʱﰸϲڴ,,ϼͨĩȥ궬죬ǻڽдǨ㣬û취ЩǾͷ˴С
Ҳм֣ȫصİնܵسŶӽ˿ղģֶе㲻Ѻãܼͷ̫ڰ峵ϣӺ䤱شʮʮĴׯ龰
СǰСһۣǸǣòϵʲôдȻȥ
ͷǳˣۣҲۡ
Ͳ̫һô۰գر۹
ũѾȥˣʵǺæ˹˴ׯҰ˿غƲʱվͲĴԼҵͰǽͷ̽Դһ濴һСָָ㡣
λģλ˰
ô֪
ﳤƽһˣ˶Ƶģ
ȻǹˣϱҲ̾һ䣬ﳤͷҲ̧
ǹЩǰŵģҲʲô
ʲôʲô
룬ǰظĹĴοֶˣ
ǽС˲̤ء
Ҫ̤˵ĻܵЩ
ⲹһʲôпǼֻпǼףһͷ
⼸ҰŮڣƼݣлᱻЩˡеġ
ҲǲǼҵļʣϣ
ֶܲܿɣ˵һ˭ҵΪ׳ʵ
Ȼҡ
ʲôϱʧɫԹҽļι÷˲ɣ
Ҳ󾪣ȲҪ
Ҫ𣡡
ʱԴ
Ǵ˲ʲôĹˣһλʮɾ˼ʿλɾò˱øС
һλĹ̾ͱһ
ɾûӭȥ
һҾȻϽȥΪɾǣ
ưͲͷҲûˣȫڶЦݣ
ոЩŵļһȫûˣǸҾ񣡺޲һҾȥ
˵ʲô˵ʲô
ǽʧޣſˣϱѣֻõؽλøɷԼһȥ庢ӣһֹס̽ͷѯʡ
ʵ尡ɷȻ۾λɾλɾǼˣ
ϱȻӣʧضǸˣˣȲݽ洦ʲôݣչޣʲôɹߵģ
ڿֵı˱˼ңЩԴһǽϣӲźֻ̽Ǽҡ
ظĹһμߣⲻ˴ֻһͷʲôģ껻ĹⷿӹҲۣ
Ǹɾߵõǰ
ããиɾǵݵŮˣõȥֱ·ãΪ˽֮£ɨͥɸɾ
ɾ¶һ΢Ц
ʰúܺã롣
ܳԼܸ˵ʲôһӾſ˵ϣͷ
̧ͷԱλ˵ʹͬ˵
ǣǡС̧ͷʹҼҵĶˡ
˵֮ûŻּһ䣬Ҽֻݺ󣬲Ҫˣ
˵Ҳԡ
ΪܳźӹԱߵĸ˵һۡ
ʹЦˡ
˵
λʹԶǸĶŵģЩȴüҼһ̣ǼʿֳΪǸ̵ģ͸˳Ծˡ
ʹȻǺܺģҼˣһζȹҴΣӺòãˮ㲻㣬Ϲ
ʹתȥݺ󣬸ʹǼֻʼʱʹȻȥһѣ
æǼֻʹϸ
쵽ˣλʱɾϵļëþȦСļҪСʱߡ
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ԣصʹҵķʼ
ϱĵø첲һ£̾ˡ
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ҼֻѰ
һλĹˣʹذݣһ룬뿤سԼֻԼҲɰ
ο˵ʹӸλֿ˵ĹһˣЩʲô
˵ɾ͸ɡ
С˿ڣسļҲûС˼ҵķС˵⼸ֻС˸ʹΣ
ʵʱλͲʹܳԾ۾ƺЦûЦ

ʹǼʿһ˹ȥ
ûʹô˳ۣǸһµʿˣһƫһƥһ˿ë׳˶ëƤ⣡
ۣҲعˣûҵСԺǰԶԶسƺƵɤӾ£
ʹ׼˭ҵļأƺֿŵӣҴˣ
æǰһһ
Ǻˣǰ񣡡
񣡡ﳤҲһ䣡
ҪҪҲźһ䣿
ϱ͵ø첲ͱһ¡
㿴ʹǼӣ
ʹǼ˵ǲŭ϶¶˹ࡣ
ƺЦֲЦ
ǹһԣóһ·ǵ
ǧʯĿǰȥȻسסƥΪǣ
ԻΪϤ֡
ǻɵţܺõسǰ˰֡
ͬ˵Цأ˵֪ʹ¹һҪǮġ
ʹһεɫȻβסüϲ
˵۵˼֮ԼܵЦǧ˿һǷ޵ΡԲԿպܲģСɺͰݸҿǳԣȥҵļɣ
Ǽֻʼ󵽵ûһ죬˽Ǹ˴ߡ
˶ⶣǸԼҺĵ׬ͨʼǮ
˵ǮһĬĬһȺȥӰȻеꡣ
⼦ԭ˵ģͬ˵˺ü仰أʱ˵ߣﳤҲҪĽң
ǸǸɾ㿴ƥӦҲλ˰ɣ
㿴ĵˣɷ򲻷㿴ɢӣɹ̫кʲôֱ˭ʵԺȣ
⻹
½㿾յȷǺġ
Գһ·ϣɱҲ֪ɱ˶ٸַޣʰһֻʼȻǵӦ֣ʱ㿾ڵζ
ֻֻȲԡ
ǧ˳һѣʱͼģʱɵǧ˵ĹԱָЩ
ֻǸѵģ˼֮⣬һ޾ơ
˵Щʲôֲ֪Ӻ˵𣬱ֻڷǰ
ԥһԣӣǵʿ˰㣬ʿǰĬΣֻһƣȥ
¼ӵȴѾ˼Ųѿ
Ҳٹһ꣬Ҫˡ
ȵʱԥ룬ѻʲôЩٲϵˣֻʲô
ʱߺȻ
̧ͷȥ½Ҳ̧ͷ·ľͷܿü
ͷʮΪ׵һʮʿ߹ڲͦΣĿտʼЩģ𽥱
һ·糾ͣȻǸ˻˸еӡ
ô½һ䡣
ԥȻʶ


321 
λ,ǳ졣
˵һ죬ԣȷʵеġ
ǶʱĿտʼȻģ,оٵĶ,Щ,ֶͱ
ȻǸ˰ٲ,ԥԭ룬վǰʱܸһ覴
ΪǾЩɾмýϺõĳȺҲǺ覴õİ
λ,ߵǰ½һʱƵ˺ˡ
١ġֹ,Ȼκë
δ,λͿʱͬȪʯ棬öͤаַ񣿡
ԥȻоһġ
λ,򣴨ϳ,ԬΪݱݣ˵Ƿǳصˡ
Ԭǲʹ,˸е⣬ƺҪΪһѭˣˡһʱ˺Լ򡢴ˡ
λʹ߳Էʱ,½̲סˡ
ݴ,ʲôأ
ͤдһ,ǸԬ塣
ѵ𣿡,ָĿڵ,ҲǸӲϰɣ
תͷЦһ룬ѵԬ治˷Сˣָδϵأ
ſӵ½һԥС
ʣԬܶԲܲ氮ȫϡãܲٵıǱ飬ƣѼ޷󶭳ǣԬ갺Զܲٿ˶е
º󲻽ûҪǮûҪأ˲ݹȥ
ͼʲô
ֱڣ͢±ԹԬٴ벻ͬףϺģȻؽյ˵ߣԬȴһԹҲûУͤϸ룬ѵ֮𣿡
챿ɵ˵
ԶȺ۲ݷиȺȹյƣֽյ£¿ڹ棬Ȼܱܵġ
ֻ̫αˣ롣
̣ԬҪЩıʿʲôźÿ𣿵ȻȷʵͦÿЩÿļһҳϡõݲͬԬЩҳıʿҴҵ˽ġ
һ£½㣬ԼǧȻҴһľӣʲôðķգܽף
ҪǲȻָʱ˶һ࣬ҲͶˣ¼ѵ벻ͨ
ţͤ룬ס
ʲô
ûǾ仰ڼ˵ϸ룬Ұ䣬ũæµúܰɣ
Ի˵ʲô
˵ѵӱũ˱㲻ֵ𣿡
ݵİѾ겻սҲƽԬܵĻۣһѵֲ
ҭסˣһۡ
λƺһҲûڵֹȥƺҲ˾ơ
һԵԥһĻоƼˡ
оǵʹųδ˽
Ůϯȥһ˿ˡǧ˵Ĺԥ
ԥֿһλʹߡ
˼յƣϴһĨ糺죬˿Ц⣬ӳڵƻ£ӡ
ԥ뵽Ҵ
ɤӣϯ䳡ͬʱҲ̽һ¡
ǵһǧˣ
ȵͷһֱݻľ٣δñóԸ
ŶڣҲд
ԥͷؽһ䣬ľ˰ѧȷһʱ뽫Ҳ죿
λݱžյһ٣˫Цֶ۾Ȼתˡ
ͤͳ£ϾҲŮɣƺЩߣ΢΢صͷǣڱ¡

ԥģܾе㲻
λ͵ʹߣһλʹ߲ŸӦе
λʹòӢҲˣЦݿ䣬Ǹһϲˡ
ʾ£һֻӱ̧˹ȥڶǰ
ģű鱦һ̧ƥ
Щ鱦ȻɢŹԣӳһ㡣
ǼƥɫĶãƺ˵İϲ筺죬˼ƥѡ筺ĵɫ
һˣ̲סȥһƥæջ
ʹѾ¶ղЦݡ
ҲһƫʮĲݺӴ˵ܹΪң
ȫ˾ά֣˾ΪصģĪڽĪ˵ܹ֮ˣв֪ߣ
ĹάûʲôȴúãҲֳһ˿Цݡ
ʹЦеؿˣϧþ£Żʩչ
Ȼһ㶣˵䲻һˣҲ֪ЧҴ˾Ʒи߽࣬ҺǾģ
£ʹһҲң鲢ïؿ˼䣬ܹǿؽһ㣬˽ύ֮İӹµѵܵòܹ𣿡
⻰
㡭ǲܹкηԸأ
ʹ߰˰֣ܹб⣬ֻǰؽƷһˣ벻ţȡ
λ³īı佫ѾȫԷ˼·ǣˣ⻰̼еǰ뽲
ڱԬܣϻ˿ΪԮ䣬˼·
ξΪԮˣæº
ʵ仰Ѿãһ˵̹Ц
ǸҸ嵨ɷѵҲһôѵ㵱ţԬٺʱǲɣ
ˡ
ƺûвľȣڴЦĽ˾ر֣ºδȥλΪϱΪĸٻ󣬱ʮڽգȴ벻ͨģ
ٻʮڽգ
ҰʲôʲôٻЩ俴ڱݵķϣǿῴߵص佫
۾ֱֱǼƥ·͸ʺɫ󣬿һеδ
ϯɢˡ
ȻҪȥǣ˾ЪһЪȥĿģ˾ϯɢþͲ̫
ڹڵģĹǶһȥˡ
ԥҲŻȥˣȥʱƺе㲻ģ
ʣʱһ͡
½ͻе벻ͨ
Ҿ;ʲôطԣü϶õġ
ôǣȻʵʹǺףԬܳΪﶭ˶ˣҶΪЧβܽãڴӵҲ˵ˣٴȥҲܾˣΪβأ
ƺʲôʱıˡ
üҼǺײ٣ҾԬ֮䣬û˵֣ԬͲܲٵ꣬ҿò̫ס
ƺһ
ʹԸͶľңر֮
ʲôľң
λվſڣʵĴҹôһƬһƬͷϡ¹⣬˶ʵġ
Ҳʵġ
ʹʹʹȻ
ʲôһ˭
δȢףѧڣƷѣ˳ƵƺҲԾˣһͦίģ䲻ʹ֮Ů
תͷߣȱ˴µʹһҾ
Ȳδعᣬתͷֵ
ﻹЩǵǳΪԬ̷¾µĻָٶѾ˳Ծˣζǰȫְȫصġ
ڶɹƺӺݣ͸
е֪Ԭ̷ͳ£ƽԭΪһһεսѾ˺εȵֵģ
·ߵļ񣬱ӽɽֵܣԼǿΪūΪ澣ӴڰҲҴߡ
ܡս׳ֵȺ塪Ҳӵũˣ·ߵĶ衣
Щũڣµ
СɫҲɲôÿлһЩŮˣҲæµزأż
ǶŬػţǸɾʮػš
æµŷߣСڽűͣ԰ȥιˡ
һȵʱǱ£һˮȻһķ⻹ûĶƤ٩Ұֻ
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Ҳá
½ˡ
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Ӧòʲô°ɣ
ģٿ
ǽǴ̽ͷεضŹſλʹڡ
ֱмݶ˹ȥ
λɾ˵ͷĿⲻ䣬Ƴ
ǽǴһ˲ŵòܶˡ
ᱻְɣ
Ǳλɾ⣬ΪǽҪֵ½Σ
ãá
λɾֻؿһƺЦ
ô߽ȥˣתʱƺһҹ磬а㸡
찡һԥױ̾λɾԵģôΣ


322 
ԽԽů,·˵ҲԽԽ
ȸ½һͬصǣ齹ʱȺѾʱĸ£ææصŰݷá
λС,Сʮ,˳ȺȻʮ,ȴȸЩ
Ϊζ
˵Ϊ,ΪԬöЦ˵˵Ϊ˽,Ҳһġ
Ⱥ͸ˡ
±ϣæط,ѧһʿ
ſľٲŻˣʮȤʵѧп֮ߣ
Ĵǻ,бߣ
ѧеʿдʫ,Ҳѧѧʵģرдֹ,ʲôϭеģжʱʮмߣۡ
Ⱥϲ˵,ȱ΢Цž
Щʿ󲿷,ٲǵƽʱ,뿪,Ĵɢֻġ
ںϲЩˣҴѡߣƼ½ԥͳȺΪǰְλ
ƽԭɺӣһ·ʱȶ֮٣˵Щټʿһʩչ
ˣֻȥսСɢȺЦŮʿﲻѣڽ鶨أ׷ɱǮˡ
ֿ˳Ⱥһۡ
˵̹̹ģһҲڣԵñ¾ʯ
ôأ
Ҷң׷ʲôʵľٴ룬½֪ȺҲ֪
ּҴҵأȱǮ˵ҲͰˣڿͨĺǿԣȫڷؾĹΪ
ȵĿ̫죬ȺЩʲô
Ϊ׷ʱ뱱ȫĺǿǸ硭
ȰڳһȻӡ
Ⱥֻæؽһ䣬֮Ҽֶ֮飬ǿȻķ
֮
֮顣
ˣҽˣԵ·ˡ
Ⱥص˵ͷ
¶ûֵֻҪһҶĸԸԼｻ
һ½ʩʲôֶΣػأһ飬ЩӲִ򲻹ûʲôֶʱȻֻܹԹԽߡ
򣴨ϣΪݱݣʹԭǵҹʾǰݷá
ڿ˳Ⱥ֮⣬Ų˸ˡ
ǺֶΡ
ӱ֧봺һƮ˽
ůëףϯϣƻģҪĵطյȥ
ȺæձһעһĻȣȻЦˡ
ڸ̽
λҲЦˣԼã
ҳͬ¾ֹҲʮ⣬ʱж갷񣬡Ⱥ˵ദˣȻֱƷи߽֮
ˡ
һض
λʿھȻҲмѣ࣬ƽʱԹ߶߶ģ¼ԼСһ𳤴ѣֲѰȻͶ
˸Ⱥ̸ʱԼЩĻУ˵
漰½˵˽ϣȺȷʵûзԼĺѣֻǺȻȻؽе½Ǹʲôģ
úأȲĲһ㲻̫ãҪʲô鱦֮ŮΣһҲ£ͺܲ
֮ģһ䣡˽ﻹһʮֱˣ˹̫ˣ
ȺϲתһС䣬дһЩ΢˽
ڱżҲԬıʿڣйʿ֮ģҲ˹ڦʮϵǰĺѣ֮ţʮң
죬ЦеؿһֱȺڲװˣ˹شϯ϶豭ǳǳغһڡ
ļĴңҲܲʷθ˵ͤʶԶڳ֮ǰ
ȺϵЦͣˡ
λʶ
ȵĿһĵرܿˣҲһĨ糺졣
ֿѣȻǲģǻ֮ǰҸ·ʱܣȣҽޡ
Ⱥ㶵ؿ
۾дˡҲȥˡ
Ȼе˵
ס
ǰҲǸСʶĶֻĺѡ
ͻȻһֻ
һֻƯƯҲƯƯɢĹ
Ⱥĵؽָ˲ϯһݹ
ҲԬܵǽˣλʹĻȥɣ
ȺͳȺŨ̸ʱ½ɳ̷
ɳúϸڹꡢ®սʱܸṩһЩ˼·
ݾͲС
ݶһ޼ʵƽԭм䱻ʱȵĻƺӸеĳǳض³ǡ
ҲһЩߵã޷·
ƽɳ̿ʱ̫ʷ˽
һӣ񣬱һ䡣
ôˣ
ţ֪𣿡
ʹƺҪٰһ磬ֻѧļʿ̫ʷ˵ôˣʲôϵ
벻ͨġ
̫ʷվҲһȻߵߣǸӷһԡ
һڵ֬ζƮ˳
³ĵģЦһ߳ԣһ롣
˵ԬӶף˵һҲţ׽Ҳûʲôá
ΪΣ
ػ䵱Щ£Ԭʱ׿ض뷨ΪԬУԬԬֵܱȻҴļʦ
ԬҼʮڵӲǻԬܵ⡣
˭˵Ѷϵģ
½㿴ֻԬܵһڡ
ѾݣȻϳݣ죬նʮҪһ̵ģüڳʲôأ
̫ʷȵݸһը⣬һ߿УһĬĬؿɳ̡
жʮʿ
š
Ҫʮʮ򣿡
Ȼ̫ʷһֿۣɳһۡ
ôأ
̫ʷȺһֿۣһɳ̡
أ
ǵҲǵԬ̷һʱ˫˵ڴ̣˵ڴʳ
̫ʷԬ̷γǣԬ̷ǲūһһӣԶĳԿߣػʤ
Ԭ̷һˣֻǧʳգܻа취Ĵʳ취
ôʮ˵ľӣҪתδ洢αǵأ
ǮǮ˵ķգ߳ը⣬һۣʵһ˵ģŹǡ
棿
ȻģȱȻ岻֪ôѾ޵ˣ


323 
ܾøλʹе㲻
β
һ,һæʲô£
̫еɹҪ㵽ǽ£ɹȵĵ淺ů,ֲ˸е˿,ֻʵᣬ˱ꡣ
ſڵʿֹ,ż硣
æʲô£Ǹʿһ¡
Ŷⲻ·ôã,ھӼҵãûˣ
ʫƣڣzhen һ䢣wei ,⡣ʿŮ,zjian һ⡱žǽȽرʺŮŮȥӱˣ˳ʶʶһ£ʶļһ˽⣬˽С,͵͵顣
ԶڼŮ˼,Ǹѵ·ݣûѵļҳż,˵ȻҲżؾ͸æµˡ
ֻƽա
ΪŮ˼ңŮ15δ,㸳Ҫ屶ɵ,Ϊ˼ʸ,ĸҲϣŮЩˡ
к͸ˡһӶ,õóֵҲǼＸĶ,ֻСǿ׳Կ͵ˡ֪ٸΪ˱ŮôûڲٵʹˣҪʮʮʱûŮ˻Ȣϱ
ȻҲ⣬λö컹ӭȢ׸
˼Ǹ˧硣
֮Ϊܾ齨µļͥһܶȻҪץ´ʱŮ𿼲һ¡
ʿ忪ʼͲżʽˡ
ѡҪԷŵڿģϳʲôʲô٣ʲô²Ʒг֮ˣɾѧ˭ΪʦŮɵĸΡ
һ˱˴ûʲôǿȫԵģиԹûҲҲԴպϹ
Щ£ҵļҳ
֮ܶɾԼ룬׷Ůɵġ
ſڵʿȻʿ˽Ĳ˼·֪ġ
˲̫⼸λɾͻȻôһ¡
⼸λɾȷʵ֮³ٳδȢף½Ҳȷʵδ޵Ůɡ
ϵһȥͱλÿͣ
Ȼ˸磬Ȼеӡ
ĸߴòţɫƸֱգټΣԼһѬ㡣
ʵ̫ϰѬ㣬һˡ
ܿóҲǺϲ㡣
Ȼ̫ϲǲȷͬ˵˵Ůɶϲ㡣
أ
ĽҲͻȻ˸硣
Ƥое
ǲѬ̫ˣεض˶
ǣǣĴʲôѰһֽʼߩӣ̫ˡ
΢һ㡣
Ϊ½ݱģȻΪ̫أԥæڱ£ǵûȥලĹﰸЩ¡
½ߩӣ͵͵ؿһۡ
ʿǰϯϣյһԴ
ɹе
λ̫ܴһַǳʣԥַܶʣһ֡кúúҼӰ໹𡱵ģ޿κεʡ
һ˵Ҫڿˢ£ʻܶ࣬ȡ֮ǡȻһʺѧʡʡ
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忪ʼԼ޿κθоͱرǿˡ
ǲĶ֮𣿡
̧ͷƺ˵ʲô۾֮סˡ
һȻȻ
ճʱھѡٶͬضΣ
۾ΪһƬж
ܵ
ضƽѣɨأ˿Һǿ֮УΪ޼ЦҶ滷ԥ۸ӣкֵõĴ
ھʱ뾣ݣϤƽܲ˼£סӣ˹֣Ȼ֮ƣΨ䣬ƽݡ
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˵ȫƽҲ㣬ǱߵĺǿǵϲϣϵĻ˵ǳԶٷ
Ҫ֪ϰҲЩǿĴڻиݵıʿ
½룬Ҳ֪ܹ˶Сܡ
㿴㿴ſڻ˯ʿͱһͬ顣
ߣعͣˡ
һλҲǸ߹ڲʿ
һɾ
ȵİݷã½㵹ǲ̫Ծ
ھǲֻסգѧЩʿʶһ£̱Ҫȥ֮ǰ˳ǻģĵʲôһܿǲ޵µġ
ϯ̫أ֮΢Ц˵ġ
ʲôģ
Цأҹ̫شȲġ
ȻͬصͷĴһ˶ϣǱ߲̫һ
λĿɾЦͻȻһѺۡ
ͷиεĴһǰиĨӵ๤ֻεִĨȥһ飬Ѻ۾ͱĨƽˡ
ЦûǺȻ
˽Ժӱʿֻ갷񡣡
˵Ԭʱǻ涯֣ʵ𣿡
๤ƺæˡ
ǡ
˵ͼڴܣͷڶˣȱȻһ£ڵŴô
๤ƺæˡ
˵Цˡ
𣿡۾
๤ˡ
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Ҹô룿
ֻ֪¹ʿˮȡ֮ףѡ
ǱˣΣʵ
ʿģıЧ
أ
вЧ
أ
עǭͶİˣʿǶԣȴǰͥΪ˻˭
ֻҪȥˣ˵ܻҵġ
ֻݶĶΪ侲˵
ʱ䳡
ƮƮطɽˡ
˱׾࣬ҪŬһ룬ôȡ
˵ͲţԬռһȺıʿô
ƮƮʱڣ˭⣬·߳ŵ磬ϵıⵣһͬеؿһۡ
ǵԬҲ˸磬æһྻϸ
ŴӣôɽأȻš
ıʿûп
˴⣬ûбֳκ˵ͬ
ҲûзֻͶƵĴ
Ǳ뿿Լս
ԭͦš
Ϊʲôֱӣ
ƺտʼᵽȳʹݣΪ̽ڵΣٿһǴǺ͵¡
ܣɽڣ˵Χһ࣬ʿˣɢã˼
ϵԱαؼһʱһǡ
ϹΪѣϸ룬˴˹ɱ˶ֿ󣬾ԣĺ£
ԲƲܣԥ
ɨƽݣչݣ˼ʱݼǣ
ʱҪϼһ䣡
ʱջͦõģԬΪΪںû˵
ȻῪˡ
ܹ°ܣ
ɽȮʹ
Ԫѵ֪ݳǶأѲٻ
ȻҲˡ
ˣԪκ£ս֮࣬Ϊȥ갸ȣҲֻٻأ
һ˲䶼
ֻ˸磬ûע
ЩģΧ۵ģԹϵıʿ׷۾žڡ
ոջ׼ɫ𽥱ˣؿžڣ˵ֽڵĻӹȥˣ
ϵԪǣͱǧ֮ڣ֪Ҳǡ
ԶҲƼڣֶ٣ǰݣԾò㣡
รʱȫ˶ˣ
Ŀһ˲Ͷϣ
һ˺죬࣬ιͻȻԼͷϷγͷڵϣ˸ڵأݺݵͷأ
Ҹô꣡㹦͡ҵ͵ģھȥԪǣ߶ս˰ɣ
ϣϣԬܾøϽվҪͷ˺ôһѪݣöͷҵأ
龰ЩıʿѾȫˣ
һ߹һҲժ˷ڣ棬ҧгݣ
ΪԪӣ裡ҲĵͷѪ޺Ϊһǰ㹻ˣȥ
̧ͷˮѪˮص;ڣսݣĲػ
ıʿغҵսݣ
վһԵԬ̷ΡΡһֻ֣ͼѸٵȥ
Ǵӵӵˡ
ѹһ
ŷŭ;ڣԼѪйڵѹѹһƬıʿԬܵſֱϣſ


324 
ھֻͣ,Ȼͳȥˡ
ʱ򣬱ʿʲôʾ,뿪ʱǻǽ̤,ܳ
Ͼλ򣴨ϵɾڣڲŷϲ,Ҫ׽һģ˳͵͵ԬĽҲˡȺʿ,ȺҲ,е밵ͨ˵׻ûҿڣ˵ֻд˼ȲĴǸϧһ¡
½ûȥ峿һҪȥӪУ,ļʿѵһ,ƿ˳˳֣׵ֻ첻
ǴúףУϹȥһţɳһһٴʱЩͻͻİ,ϾͲ˴,ôҪŻͷһ,ʿҲŴ˷رԹ
Ҫô˵ǻһȺ޻ϱһ,½ôķ,㿴Ҳûһ۾ĭģ
վ̨,䱻קΡȻ
ƽʱʱˡƽʱôһȦվ̨Ͽ۾˵ġǿ
Ǳŵ±ҲȻ𾴣ʵʵؼ
½վ̨ϡ̵ʱⶫҲԱΪ㽫̨ôһӵûʿվӡ
ΪҪ̨ϸոˮƮҲȫȻûע⵽¡
վֻһ濴ʿһȶ˵Щ
ǰͬˡ
ùǽڷָصձżȣȻ
òˣȴûж̻һ
ͬˣ
벩Ȫʱͬˡ˵øһ㡣
Լо仰˼
𣿡һʵ
ƤԴһ㣬ҲԺһ㣬ֻϣȻòϸ΢覴ô¶
ȻòۣǸҹƺ޲ͬ
΢Цŵ˵ͷ
е㲻ġ
ֻǰӴ˼̶ѡ˵
״յģƽ˵ο񲻹ܲٴ˼̣δԬ̡
һۣ
ϵҶ֮ǰҲ롣
ϵЦȴʧˡ
Ԭȴͬ
ôͬ
վӸµؿ
һ˲䣬½Ȼ֣򣴨ϳıʿ˼
ƽʱܹһ˿Ц⣬˽̸ʱһĿǣ崺֮С
ǸǳӲˡ
ʹʱͶŷһ˿ϧЦ⣬ⶼֻͷ๤ϰԲѡ
ڼ֣
Ҳܡޣ
ȥ죡ʿˣ
վǡ
Ѿױ裬͵͵һˮˡ
½һҲûɳȵδ֮
Ԭʲôͬأ
ıȻǱȲܲٶǶʮıʿ֮⣬
ֺܾϤ
񿴵үҲү
Ԭֻܲشıʿ͸үߵ佫£ӱѾ൱ԣ
ʿѹգðյţһԴ
䣬ֻкӱİʸţӣϣÿһضڴ̣ݵҲ߱սݵҲڹݺе³
˶ںӱİնԣȫСܻܳԱѾм㣬ôʿ裬ȫȻǲںˣϾʿͷǡԹ֮ĪƬ󺺵ûмĺǿأ
ʿ˵ȫͬ
Ԭܱʿ죬ؽȨƸ˺ӱʿ壬ľǲ˽͸Ĺļơ
ʿ֧֧Լ
һ٣ԬܿսҪԵľԲֻԬܵļʮ
ĺӱʿˡ
ǹͬһɽͷ
뿴ЩǻҲܺáǿԻԼϣÿ룬ԼֳʳصĲ֪һλս̤Ұ߿ķţȻŮ°ߣɱ
ֻҪʱʱĴֱԼǿż衣
Ҫġ
ţͻȻ˸硣
ѾȫˣƮˣĵؾ
ױίض
ſŵ
ũվǱߣηη̲ס̽ͷ̽ԣǲǣмСĺ˷ܵ㵸ֻǱͬе߳˼䣬һίίؽͷ¡
˳ſڴҪѯʺͲݣȷһûһ˽һöǮͨзѣܽǡ
ʿ˵ĳڿ쳵Ǳߣǰݣ˶Թ˵󣬱ͿطУٶȱũǱҪࡣ
ǼױʱûŶӣֻǷŻĽŲ
һ˳ϽһԼ

ͷʱԱߺȻһ
ϵ
첻ʹ⼸ֵܳŵģڲŵǣȻҲûóʳꤡ
ԭǴһС˼ģϾ׼ڳҸɣҪǹܹһٷأǶ緹ʣˣ
ϱ⣬ò˵ǳ
Ϊ⼸ȻûҵȷѾ׳һ١
ǼҲ˿ĿֽӶÿһټһ
ڵʲôĶгɶˣӵףٰ˷Žȥһݡ
Ǽũ˵ıӺͶµس鶯ˡ
ͲסͿˣǴ鲼ڴչ޳ˮˡ
Ǹ
С˳͹ˣһߵڣһϲػػСװ˴ȥĸ޶ԡ
ǲ𣿡ʣһͻȥ
ڴֲڵ̸ֳʧ飬ֹһСͬһ䣬죬ҲԵðɣ
ȻǳԲõģǱֻ֮ʹʳ
ǳԷʵǼʹ¡
Щũ˻ÿӣ룬֮Ҫ˵ǣʿһȼֱҰˡ
ǳԵ÷ǳ֭ϣҲøϽָͷ򾻣
˿Ҫã
ҵƣ˵죬˴ʮҲأһسԷһͬ˵ѾˣֵտţʱҲҪô֣ڳѰһʡ⼸ųԷ죬ҲܲЩá
Ǽнˣ
ȻƲӣʲô취أůˣȻǶ˵ģڼ֯Ҳǿһ
ҶǿԳԵģǮζиѿԲɣˮˣһΰһ衣
СниСӲԵʵҪùģ
ΪΣ
ﳤ˵ظͨ棬ɽٲȦˣ
ûףȦ
總ɽǹǵģǽȥԶЩǣԻҽС˵ڿԽɽܲҰ˲㣬ܽȥ輸ףֻʳĺӣˣ
˼
ݿܻˣܻܲһ
ǼСĿᣬڵС¥ԾŽ࣬ɫҲʮ־ɣһԵǸ߹ڲ׵ʿЩũ˸ͬն
ûʲô˼ЩˣֻǶյ촽ˡ
ࣿ
䶯ģƫУξ˻˽𲯣̸Ǿܲҡ
λٽᣬЩ˲ԸҲ֮С
ֻһˣǶϲġ
λʿۺ룬΢Цָָ
ɻĿ¿ȥмõ߹·˷׷ױܿĿȴǺڵıޡ
Ƕе
ǣǺˣ̾һ޴ãֿΪˣֺ֮ģ͢Ϊҹ尾ġ
㶵ضǼ߹ֻعͷ
Ȼʶһı͵رվȻһ
лң
ܹȥܣµԽСģ³ç˰֣Σ
Խ𲯺
Цùù¹ߵĸ˳ҲҪġ
кθ֮ߣ
λ뷢ƮƮʿ΢˼һ£Цеָ˵յеĴƣдһ֡
дʱ˼Ҳͣ٣ֱдһƯġ֣ԡ
Ǻ˼ˣҪؼѺղأұġ
Ͼȥ鷨ǶǸֿãȻ


325 
ݵξ벢Զ,ʵֻ߰
ЩȻ죬ǽ
û֪һ·ǿʲô,סĻģǳʱãȻ˷ܣʱҲľ롣
ڣ಻ͬɫͬʡͬ·ϸĵǾֱܷЩ·Ǵͬʬϰ,ֻǴӸ˻ʿ˵ʬϰġ
ǵЬѾĥˣָͷҲõˣĳ,๸ֻŵĳìĻ׵ѱˣԭʲôݳġ
˽,ϢҲ͢ˡ
Ѿˣ,ǭ,˶ҲԼǽλεдϡ
֧ǺɫǷʳֲԾԼȥѰһ侲ȥĴ,Ϊ,ͱ˳͢һ鷳
ǵΪ,Ҫ˭Ҳϰֻ˵ڣǴЩĻƾͱȥֱߵɶѵǰ
λʮ꣬΢룬Ǵ˾ĳʮ졣פҰѾͳˡͨЭµѡ͢ȥϽɨɾǡ
ǶϣһŽֱеľʿ˵˵̬һλƵºϡ
ʱѵ̲ס鶯һ¡
λµ½һɫĳ·ڻϣһһҫĿˡ
ԼһҲûо·ʲôף²ӭ˶ѽݡ
ǴԣĪΪ˶
ֿһǼ·̲סָһָº˻Ǵԣ
һҲûвǺܿĵš
Σ
Цŵͷĵº·½Ϊ
ŮȲ裬²ӹΣʺһͥԺеĴ⣬һƷζ
ûϸƷζѴûʲô⣬ֻһ£̻شˡ
͢Ϊ·ȥЩǡ
ˣѺɵؿ͢δ´گ£鷳𣿡
Ҳ룬Ȼ̧ͷȻʵǹȥһگ鲻ˣ
űӵ΢΢һ¡
˽˵ģżᱻЩ˼˵
ǱϾǶе£͢´گ
˵͢ѵɵһ𣿡
Ϊ׼ΪֺţΪ˸֮ˣ͢زЩ½ҵͳ
ҲƲ½ҰɣƲƲ죬ֲûͲܲٽ֣
Ŭ΢Ц͢Ȼϣɽ£뽫˲òʵ棬ǧҪçײ°
Ŷλ·ĹгԻӦһǹأ
Цˡ
˾Ϊβ˾һļЩأ
ûô˵С
һ˲ͲЦˡ
ֻкһף˵ôʿ
Щǭ죬ЦǮܶġ
ҡҡͷ
ЩʿѾ˺ܾãǿɲǭס
Щ֮УһֱƮƮجج²Ҳ²໰ҲӲϡ
ֻһΪ˵ʮ
ЩҲգΪвжеһ·ʱļ˴ĺɽײܣΪڶУᾡսһ̣ҪôҪôһ·ӻʮһЩһĻƽ鷳£
ؿﲻǲԾġ
Ǹˣȴϼ侫ɳϸЩйصҪŪס
ֻҪȥһģӦþ͹ˡ
˵Ĺ۵֮󣬶΢ʿ΢Ц
֮ˣ˾ܵһ䣬ƲסԵЦݺؼȰȥϸ룬Щѵ󺺵ľӿ𣿾˾ҪļЩʿֻҪһصĹԱܵ顭͵λƫǰ˱㹻˰
渵һƬԻˣ˵ףҲͬɱЩΪҪһأ
ȻΪ˽˾ʹ˸ɫ
Ǹɫ˼˺ܾãȻһĴȡ
ԭˣһϯ粦Ƽգéٿ
¶һظЦݡ
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ԣϲŭҪɱǣ
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ƬдеĻҰϣʿԶԶעһĻ
ܲüͷչ¶һ˿΢Ц
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Ϊⳡ𱻵ȼ֮󣬺ܿԽԽֱʱ˲ţⳡվػĴ𣬾ȻԴڳ͢һĵگ顣


326 
һʿվˤ,ƿڴʱδõʿӦ
Ǹˡʿԭص֪,ǱǺ͵ġ
ʿȥȰ˼䣬˷߷߲ƽˡ
ûˣ˽ԼøҲԡ
һżмЩ,ߵģ߹ʱ,ֶϽͷˡ
˵ڶ죬,ӪеĻʳ,ʿǲҲ
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˾Ϊֺù䣬ǼٷΣЦǻҷ˲ɣ
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Ӫеľٸտʼ䣬Ա㲻ˣϢڴϽʱ֧פҰıѽ䡣
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ˮԵϽԭŻչѾʮǰˣһϴĺۼС޴ڡ
𽫳еˡ̼֡һĨлЩϱڲԫм޵ʮֽʵͦⳡѡ
ֵܽǽڡݶɢŻջǵĽζϾڷ꣬˱
ЩȷҪЩΪӪ³Ϊ󺺵ʿ
˵Ұʿ䣬ҲԤϲġ
͵վ޷ŵľ
Ժ֮ҪȷףʿǵĻʳҲʵѾ뾡һа취㾡ҲĴˣԼÿͣҲ
ǰһ˾µ񣬻ǿ취Ҫ
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һֱǺܼ򵥵ġ
Ǹ΢佫ʱֻ֪ر߽ɱбǺһ˼ҪΪӺͳ͢ݻ
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ƣұΪ೯͢Щ״ε˵棬棬ļҲұضһĲٵز㣡ȰȰǡȰȰǣҴĺöɣⲻð
һԵĬĬؿһĻаѵڽֺ˵˵һѣȰЩʿ˺ܶˣ
Ц˵ҪȰأ
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ҿϴŵģȴǸ˳
λһȵĽʱüͷĴҴңͨҲȣһ·˽ȥ

صһƣֻڴմһմˣЦؿŸ˳ƴҡѾȴʼյòһӦ
ҹһݣϧ߽ҪѰº±㲻ˡ
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ҵıȻŻ㱣һң
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һ˫˫ȼű۾£עĵ
ңǰȥ̾ͱΧסˡ
Ϊʲôѣƽľʡ
Ϊֺù䣬Ҳǳԣʿ㻹Ҫɱǣ
˭˵Ҫɱǣ
ȺһݵȻ˸
˵úǵΧǣ

Ϊ׵ļʿֱţǰһݺݵض
Ѿ˵ӡ
˷ŭһڿˮô˵ǶȻǲģ
˾
˻֣Ŀѵױ
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£̹Ȼվʿǰעǡ
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ǸֵСŰף
СȻһ£
Ľû¶΢Цǰһͱ˵ضɱң

ɱң
ʿһ׵˵أҲɸһ˵ϣ
ʯͷ
һȣЩվǰŵʿſʼȥ
˭Ҳûеֱŭʹ۾
Ťڿڰ
µЧŮҮҪɱǰһ

ɱǵĽ
ʿڱˡ
ǲǵˣϤûûɱĵˣ
ǽ֪ÿһ˵ֵĽ
ǲ˵Ľǵͬһ飡һڹԹһƬսѪ
жٵ˰̣Ƕó



ǰŵʿһ±عʱҲ͸ؿʼ¡
һҲںǰ棬ֻǸոδΪ£˲ޱۡ
һʸѾźãָϡ
۾ûжԹȥĻûбʹ࣬Ҳûһ˿һԥ
ע⶯


327 
˳ӪҰʱ,ѽ
·̣Ϻ֧Ż,Ұ
ҹ˾ʱ,Ҳô̹ǡ
ǾĬظ·,ֱɫ⽫Ұ
ڿĶһƬƽԭ޵,ֵ̫Ǻ硣
Ҳʬ
Ѿ͵ˣͷ­ҲһѪ۵,Ȼ̱˳
ΪǼʮʬ嶼ǾͷʬߣҲҪǵĽơ
Ƭѹġ
ͷ,Ϲ˺ܾòʶ췢ʲô
ǲǺȵ̫ˣ
ǶĺܻȰۣ
ҴǼ;ƣˣ
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ˣŮһ浹ˮһС˵,κһҹء
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κݵʱ,ֻ۾ﲼѪ˿,̳֮һԷˡ
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еȫɢˣʲô£
Ӫоʿ䣬κһ˵һСĵع۲ɫ߲ѷѣ㽫ӪȥҰƽˡ
ûп
ĳⱻ˴룬ĹȻʮֻްƣϣҲӳ
κˣЦżһ䣬̨ҲʮͬԸ֮ˣ뽫ʱҪ߲ѷ
ҸӪЩʿʵˣ
κСĵǻҰֻҲĽˣұӪˡ
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Դһسۣ۵ס˶ͷ
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ڶ׿֮ŵģֻǶ׿Լ衣
벢ݾ֮ʲôȴúˡ
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Ҳѯǵģ
˾Σӣ֮κΣ
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ĺܺá
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Ҳ
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еѡ
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Ԭռ֮󣬱ڻʱ֮ڣݵ֮ƽ̹֮£ƾɱϮţҲȡͷ
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ǽóս˧һڴˣҪЩױ
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ڻԭܣ׾Զˡ
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иӣںӱ߿
ǰѯʱɺȻס
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ΪΣ
ǧԱѾǨˣ˵Ǹ͵͵ܵˮԵģǱˣҪ
úԶֻܿӰվȴźˮЩʲôֻļˡ
ǧ˸ũˣЩߣ㱻Ԭ̷°ƽԭˣ˵ԭȥƽԭѰ˵ģֻƽԭϣǧԱһƬѾķϣйѲ顣߱סͻᷣȥۣƽԭǱ֣߱͵ɱ
Ȼ
ɷҲţ˵ƺҲûʲôֱ𡣡
ǡ
ֻӶѣǺƵġ
ƺЦһ£Цʱͱ˿Ц
룬˲һ߶ѡ
Ӳɷȷ룬Ҳţֻܸһңһ㡣
ǣָָӵıҲǴ󺺰


328 
콥,һ
ˮҶϣ,,Ƭϣ£̨ʱ,,Ƕϴˢһɫ
ȥ궬ʱһﵽⶼʬĳǳ,ǽͷ֦Ҷ,ͥԺһԴԵ,ֻǽµ̦ʯҰݣ޲͸б̵ĲȻ
һ걻ѹھʯµĲ,,ôϢػˡ
˴ң,ڽϼҴ߹
Ҳи죬㴺
ˮţˮﱻǣ,ıϢ
ǻԶʱ
ȵĿת,һĿͥԺʱ,Ҳµع۲
λʹǰΪԬ,ҪȢŮ
λŮףԬܱʾûʲôϵôԶɲɵٵɼʱ̣ٿʼʽƸӭʱôˡ
һ˼ҪǶԺյ£ŮҾҪ̿ʼæµˣ޵Ľ𲯡ľ桢Ůۡţݡһ°ɣǿԬ۰Сӣ󺺶ŵĹӣòѧڡˣֱƶһĶ裡
˶ڴ˵ԬļҵСӵģǿɲǼĶؼ䷿ͷţļݣӰݣ
լŮ˷ܼˣһ뵽пܸŮȥǺ£ڴһϽĹصŮڴѹ˺£ĺúñ֣һǸԬвأ
ȫҶ¶ô˷ܣӷô̵Ůģ
ö飬дд֣ؽ·ϣ˵أ㸸Ƿ˵׼ҪһʤλСӵʱţҲ١
ǲ̫ģҪϢͬʱԬҲһǳԵ⣺
ƽԭϣǧԱĴƬѾˣԬݽûãԬ̷ѾˣѾ˷ḻĶԵо飻
ɶˣʮ˳ȫӼ˵ĻһӴḶ́Ҳﵽһ˵֡
Ԭڽһ֮ǰǲݵģֻһˡ
ԬˢȲܲٸߵĺøжȣʵԬܵСܣⳡֻҷʱһˮ̣ͼŮȻʱܴġ
罫ʹʹ˵ܸԬܴˣҪܷ²λСӣץ١
һ֮עתƵԬλʹϡ
ȵݵλ൱ӡ
˲Źǣ˼ݣǱڲŶǾãһϲ
λݵʹҲı£ȱֶһǲκ˽̸ʱ¶ְ
ƺ˭̸ܽĵʮ죬崺֮С
벻ʲôܸı
˵£
ȡ
Ԭžڣͳ⣬Ц֪ǷΪ棿
ڹȨԣ֮ʮҲ΢ЦŻһ䡣
Σ
ڹν֮ݼӢЦȺܼ
߲ţǲźӱԽȥģ̾ϧݣұش޶
ǸʮֺˬˣԴǼϲҲδΣ˶˵ǽǵ̽Ҳûʲôġ
ԾܾλԬвôĵʹ˸⡣
ɳɼˣ
õ񶨻ش֮̾ˣ
ۼģһʱ֮ŵڣӱģ
ȻŹŮﶼУϣϣ壬򣴨֮ȣƲʲôҴ塣٣Ӧ˵ȻãӦҲûʲôλʹĿľǱԼĿأ˼˾ˡ
飬ûлؾҲûӦУֻһתͷ⡣
ϸ껹ûͣŲ̊߹һˮֻŮʵи˿ôˮȹϣŵŵŵ߹ȥˡ
е̬Ȼһˡ
ʱһҲû£̫Щۣϱ˼˿˵񾭡
˳ӪصʱκѾȺʱˡ
κĻ˵Ҳ㡰ȡ
ǽǷ˹ȥԺճ֮£ѷĽұǡ
˳һԲĬؽ˹ʼһһֵض
κʮض
潫һͬĲ˳ûʲô仯ġ
Ƥڣָýʣϼûá
ʮĵĴҲûдĥ־̬ǶģĿҲġ
֮󣬻Ǳǰˡ
ƽݵûȡõ෴ǡȻûвκˡ
˳Ƿ̧ۿһۣ伫ˡ
κѾñܾ׼ʱ˳ȴϻȡͭݸ
ȥӣ˳ؿˡ
ӪУҴı䣬ҵǣҪ˷
۾ˣƺѾյ
κûп˹
һʱˡ
ϧġκ˵
˳ۡ
ҵĵ
Ҳжת̤˳ȥһ磬ˮѪȣ뽹Ϣ
κվصùֵӪˡ
еȣӦȷԸױΪˮϴ裬úõϢһ¡
ûнˣվ˺ܾá
֪ΪʲôκȻܾǰͬںƨˮӡ
ƺظ߲ѷȹСš
С½ӦûɣҪǿ˵Ļǿɾ̫ˣ
ӪһˣֻԼţȻЦˡ
½һҲ֪ʲôطʲôˣȻˡ
Ҳ˼꣬Ȼ԰һС鷳ũ񲮲ѺãҲ鷳ϾöմӺǿڳˮ»һɣǽͻüԷ
ȺͶ﹤̻ҪˣһŮصӪУһصϼƱβ
ǳȺ˸⣬û뵽
̫ɹʱʿ£Ů֦ڵд֡
ŮдŤŤģʿǸѧ
мʿ΢ϵһ֣дǲ⡣
Ȼٱͷȥ
ҿоԼ˶е¡


ʱ
ʱ
ȥ궬ʱ
ȥ궬ʱ
ôϱ£ʻô࣡
ܣŮ󺰵ȥ궬ʱݴ
ϱµҾͻдˣ
Ůͣ˽飬ҶΧȥϱд֡
ŵظں棬̽ͷ̽ԡ
ϱȵдˡȥꡱ족ĸ֣ȻĿ˼һ
Ȼ䣬۾͵֦ڵϷػ
ȥ궬ʱݴһͷӣ
ΧһȦ˾̾
Ϲ⡯ֻ֣һأξͼסˣ
ϱͦͦأΪȷʵһͷӣ
׶
ŮһȻ򣬡ûôѧ
ʲô𣿡̫ʷȵݸһֻССٿϴĽŮ飬ʿͦԸѧġ
ٿƿˡ
ôẒ̌ѧ
ţصģһоڣЩʿΣжʶ¼ƽѧϰʱ̬ǷҪӰǰ̵ġ
֮ǰǿʱһ¹۵ǣҪսڼʧսȱڡǹռµĵ̣ôȱھͽһˡ
ص˲ŴҺǿǵӵ٣һ͵һο͡
иҪô͵ھɱɱҪôҪ½
˵̫ʦʱɱ˵ϰߣѵ͸ѧһУ
ڽϼƽҪһŮصӪʱȺ⡣
ھӪռĻǶʶ֣ҲҪʿ˽ӪʦЩŮá
һ߽飬һ߿ʿǵƷУеСͨ¡ѧھǨһ棬˲л䵽ʱ統Ҳְ
³ĳ⣿һ
Ҳʿ˼䣬̫ʷЦ˵³ԸʶҲͰˣ½ϸ
ϸʣ𣿡
̫ʷƺеЦɣ
ܲٳغǿ丸ͤа˿ʱ֪̫λо䣻ԬţûɶҪ˵һˡ
Զڽųһ𿴿£佫Ƕϸ
˭϶ûˣ


329 
һԬܸϵķ粨,ܿˡ
ԬǵҽȥͷϵˣأֻҪһͺ,ȻҪþû֪ˣصص̽˼Ρ
Щһ,ҪȥݵıʿҲ԰
Ԭ̷е㲻̫ġ
Ǳ˴˹,ٵԬҵĻҵԹΪֹǰֱɣ
ͼ˹Ȳ,һ,ĳӣϰ£С˵ĵ
Ⱥ,ΪҪ£Сˣ
ͼصһЦ,Щ˱˴˹Ȼ,ǰο,Ȼм
Ԭ̷ü˼仰ʱͼֿˡ
ԴӵοϡԪͼܶܣᷡ涼ϲɫ,Цһ,ӿ֪֮⣿
һ,ܻ뵽ͷǲΪ˸ֱ,ܻ¸,ͼԬ̷̫˽ˡ
ȻڿԾԱ,ֻôһ㶫,۾Ҳֻôһ㶫
ȻԬ̷ɫһĪ˸ԬУ
ս꣬г⣬ͼø˵ӲֻǰҪͼպġ
˫׺ݵ۾ղؿһۣձǷգ֮ǰΣ
ͼЦеصͷд˳Ǹγݲƣ
ӺҪȥһơ
ֱۻ赽ʱȻͲܿصضҲʧȥ˼£¡
δӵƼӱǡ
λҹӲûбıʿƮƮĻﰲο
Ȼض۰ƿĿ⡣
ܹǸգû˼ڵҲԬ̷һ
صԼʱſڴݺݵؽͷժ͵裬޲ٲţȻżߡ
־ٶܲѰһλǷڲܲռǺͻҪĹʱϢ֮Ҳһŭڵģ
ǵһĲǲܲ٣ǲ裣裴ȻЩݵӣҲڸɳ£ٿǵҲûеڶΪòˡڼãǲ³Ϊʲô¶ˡ
ǲˣĪǶ
һϵŭɫҲȥ֪֮࣬Ϊ
߽ٹǣ
ܲ˱ո˳кǿȥǣܹ£ӵȴȥֻҵı
ˣԽ𲯽ύ˲裣ʱʱЩӱǡ
ãһ£Ҳˣ£㲻ߣѵҲô
º˵أڼЦʱķ֮±ӭжˡ
岻һˡ

ԵĺѧʦʱڼҲĵͬ˵һ顣
󣬵ڲ֮䣬㹥£Ҳ
˼
ǲԭҲͶܣβǵȶ£Ҳòݣ˵ֱַôףľ֮£
ڼӣɣ
ѧڶ棬㶵ؿ˰űĳһʡ

ʦ΢ЦŵͷϵЦʧˡ
̾һһսܲʤˣԭȰͶܵġ
дң
ܹʤϲȻҪڼغ
һĬ
ܻݣģʱͶܾ͵òʧˡ
˼һҺȷʵûʲôġ
޳𣬵Ҳ޶Ϊȴռڼ˵ðȻȥͶòµذ
λ͵ģģڼͬĽǰеΪı£ܸҡֻҪңұ㲻ˣȥͶ
ڻǿͬΪҵϣ뽫󶯸ɸ꣬ҲزΪ˽ȥڼòսڣй½⽫أ
λ߹ڲıʿĽǿԴˣЦеؽԼĻˡ
ԣΪıΪһݱȽ𲯸صѵԽм㣬𣿡
循ϲ̧ͷȻɫֱˣĸ
պȻͣסˡ
ΪεˣΪεˣڼʵ
ȻʵǸһ٣ڼû˵׼͸ʲô
λ꽥ȴ˿ııʿֻƵذοһ
֮֮䣬˵Ԭ֮䣬вطȥֻ̽Щӣд£
ȷˡ
ȳµĲǹ䣬ӣЩϽ
µõĽҴ뿪ˣÿǵʿҲҴҴˡ
Ǹҹ￪ʼЩ㷲ţȴߵĻط
йϵ𣿡
Сػʵ˵ݱΪռǵʳԲųŽѵġ
ǳԵҲ࣬ңҲԲֵйϹ϶ʲôģǿԸɻ׳ǵİ
ܲʱΪʲôȥأ
Щҵ˹
ѾܸܲһˣǶж׵ô
Ǯôܻ
Ǵ򲻹ȥǴ̣ôˣȴȿ඼ҪǺޣ
ʿһľͶίȥģЩʿʲôʱȥأ
һ˽һϽȴʱܻˡ
ûˣȷһݱ·Ѫۣˣ
ǾŽҲ̳ưԵʱһʼҪɱǵģǵ͸˳ıɱ꣬ɱǣǾͼŰɣ
֮󣬴ӪǩһƥϱˣµȴڳĬ֮󣬺ȻըӪ
ڱͷʹޣ˺޲ɱ˻ججĴҪŷŭ
ŽˣǾҪɱǣ
ټһڣѵûǲ֮
ɽҲصĵطҧгݣĸǣ
µũ伫ˣӵҶƬչеӭ⣬ũͷ󺹵سݣڴһյδʱԶȻỤֱ̃졣
Ƿյ
ڴֱӲӿȥʱͫ׺Ȼˣ
ǲǷյ
ˣаؿ޽Уմˣ


330 
̷ӵ,ũϣֱΪӵ,۳ȨƣƥУլۡȴصú,Ÿ£ϯֻһҵĹ±飬ܲźۼʾϵĺݡ
λ׵ƽʱڹ̷,ڼж飬˵ڿϢʱ˼һ,޻
ƽңûô,뵭˵,ڿΣӡ
ƽҲ׵ԭҲܼ򵥣ڿ涼ɽ,ҪȥǼ׵ģݾȥǼ׵ġ
ټԶԶȲڶʱҪģѾǸѵ,λʿɽһɽһɽץأ
ˣڿʳ¹ˡ
˵ѾĴˣ˵,һʯ¹ǧǮ
޳Ĭһ
ǧ,˻ص֮,ҲһЩֵأʳǲ٣Ҳʮ۸ζʲô
һʯ¹ȣ̫ƽԼǮ¹ȻЩµļ۸ѽʮ⻹ȥδԾǰ¡
ȵʱǷû۸̻ǵһĵزžǾǸЩոտʼָԪũҲ⵽ӡ
ĽȻǳ͢Ӱ
ӶѲڰ˼ˣ̾һ䣬ֶģ
ؿԼһۡ
ˣҲ
Щõı˻ȥ±ù
ȼƣĿ
ţ㿴˭أ
ԡ޻شúܽû˵롣
ʱյԼ֣ȻҲб˴͡
ûס͡Цˡ
ĸ۾һ˲Բˣܲ˵صһۡ
ӸϽ˱顣
ΪЧԼϣ˵򣴨Ƕڲܲأ
һȥܲپսʤѷִ֣ӣʮһдģιƲܲ٣
նϣƺ๣Ƕӵɫ̾Ͱˡ
ףίˣ׼ȻϲΪλҪҳʹأ
뷢ףؽ˺ȻܲмƳһۡ
Ҳ˵
Ǹǡ
ֻɼ䣬˵ʧ̬ˡ
Ĳʹؽ
ĵӲһ¶ͷϵĺ
뿴ԼŵĶӣܸоｻֺܸ֯ӵ˵һ۾ܿƣḡһ¶ѹס
ȷᣬԼ˵ֻҪһʵĺܳġ
ʵҪ˭ΪЦһԱ֪ˡ
Ȼԣ
ЩϢˣˣ
һȻȻ
ƺӵˮż׺ݵƣţţƺʱҪ뿪ӵκ˾̵ҰɵƬѵƽء
̫갺ÿ굽ʱܻ뿪ȥƺӱѲһһˮǲǵ̫ˣӵ費Ҫӹ̣żЩȽ϶еʿʦһĳһκӵûΣգعԱ費ҪߵʰԱնܺˮ
ҲĴѲӵģ겻ͬĲǰﺹ䤱ݽˮİգԶ಻Ũ̡
ǳ谡ũͣ˳ͷƲņ̃Щʲôˣ
㲻֪˵ڿˣӹ
ǿɵþЩȥҵø߸һʳպˣ
ȷҪպõģΪˡ
Щڣ¶˫ţ̶ֻʹӵ˶ĵؽϣЩͳİղͬǻûľûϰͻıʡ
ǻһһͷһѾ£һ¾Ϳո
ſţͻȻڵϣڷķؿͷ
ŮףǶһ·ߣһ·ޡ
ûкĵĹˣ·ߵ̼֣ũˣûкĵĽܲܰæȾǣǸЩ
ǶǺðգǵɤӶҪˣǵﻹӰͿˣ
ûܻش⡣
갺ԼҲܡ
ѾдԬҪڣƽңȰˮ
ãԬŸ˵ԬǷѣ»Ҫһ£ܸһظ
𵱳ŶйʱԬҹ飬ҪЭܲٵЧʣһϣһ¡
갺̬ȺֻعľȥЩգٲ¡
Ⱦڴʱġ
갺鲢ѣÿȥݣǴݷʱܻصصŰݷá
ƺı£Զƺ룬кͶķȣӽʱ־úͰףǱգס
ȳʹصһȦӶؼݵ·Ҳ갺еʮָˣλʿ˺ȺȾƣ죬߿ࡣ
ȵͲôϣܽɧȥǾ͸ˡ
Ů߹еľƱ갺Ŀһע΢΢ɫľҺעյҲʱϸشһ갺顣
Դˡ
ӣʳʣҹܰޣʶ㲡
ص˵ͷԴǵĺڱң
ǵ
ϵЦݵȥˡ
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Ϥ֮󣬸갺鲻׳ڣǸʿ갺˴̸ֶֹΪ롣
½֡½ǴҪƷȻͬ
ȸеǣЦˡ
갺Ǹ̹϶ֱʵˣһҾҲãǰҲգ߾ǲܱѣǶԵģɽҲҪôȥڡ
λ̫ĳϣ½е
ǵȴһҲ
ٲ񶬣ֽ໣ˮ𣬡갺ʵΪβ
ЦЦ׼Ѱһº͵˵ʱ갺Ȼʳһ⡣
ʹͣǺ𣿡
ⲻһ׻ش⡣
ȵȻҲһЩίģĻƭλ̫أó˵
Ȼã˵ʲôû塣
Ϊ갺鲢çЩ£Сȡԡֱס
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갺еľյĬһڰǰĵϡ
ĿֱֱؿЩҺľϣ˳ŷ϶ֻ嵭ˮۡ
̬Ҳˡ
Դ룬Ȳòֱ׵Ȱһ䣬һ¡
Գ갺ʵϲʶһصɷ򣿡
ȺȻˡ
Ȼʶһ˵ģȻڼݣҪ룬ҲʱʱȥŰݷá
ֻǡվͬ·
ľ棬갺Ѿȫˡ
˽ľ갺һһԾܿˣϯϡ
вݳͥԺУżҲ^չɹ
֮⣬ؼƺˣû˽ĿͶλյˣĿҲԵˡ
λø첲֧ͷ­ƾϣİȡ˳ſһ
û⡣
£ũңӦʲô״̬
࣬ʱ䣨pao ᣬ͡
˵ǽ˷죬ҶҪԵ⡣˼ҿԶԣԵʹ緢С˼ûǮԼһͷ򣬵ʱ򾭳ֵһӣܳϷôҲҪǮɱͷȼڣȻҿԡ
ͷֻҪд̣پŵһζ˵ǶСǶԷǳѺõһˡ
ʱڳѲеģϾȣ̫ˡ
Ҳûͣÿÿׯ˼ԣζŨЩͻȥţŲһ㡣
ǸǮġ
СӻǺܲӭ⣬ⶫѵùڳһأ
ǼͿޣεĸĸҪץӹƨɡ
˵ͬڶôƵش򰢲ˣ
½;ıԼжˣС⣬תȥѰЩһԷǵЩǳģûԣ½Լȥǡ
мŮ򣬼ˣַ̾ذкøֵϣٽ̿⿾⽹ۣͣҧһڴ㡣
ʱһļҳ̣ԼԼļҳ̡
ʱþƵģиʿ˼Ůر῾ŮЦӣǰ붼롣
ǰôʵôأ
ԵóܶĻشǳЩı̹úɷ򲻸ٴˣеĸɴˡǺٸŮ˺ܲˬ߻飬⻹е㷳ܹ֮ϺˣЩıǰûô飬֪ʥ˵ĵǰԼ׻ˣơ
ܳԱǴҪģũ˼ǣտʼܲӦҲһҲֵ˵һ˵ġ
Ϊ˺Ǿľ¼ӱСģõķҲ൱
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ǸŮ࣬һڷŪЩ⣬һ˵
Ů࿴һۣƺеԻͬ˵Щʲô
½һ
ڱϾȲЩӣЦЦǵѧҿȥģ治ڵʿ
ǸŮ̧ͷ۾ҪǣҲڣҲдѧأ
Ǹ⡣
ЩŮǽЩʿܻо²ƷвѧܸϳʿˣϼԱǲ׼ټǵĻʱܻԹԵġ
ϸ롣
Թͣ׼سǵ·ϣ½ͻȻɡ
ĴѲʱкܸ߼ɣ
ÿʱܻܴ㶫һʲôпǹϹϹҲһֻʲôë׵СȥСɺͰ档
дɴһ÷ӻԥ̫ʷһЩ
˵ɴģɫе㾫ʡ
עʱϣб
䳤ˣŽҲʼˡ
ǰгŶӣƺһ㽻ͨǺа̾ģдԹģ˸ɴڵأʼǰŶӵ
˶вӵʸҲԻһŽǣʱû£ǣĻҲԡ
Ǩе죬Һٿ¡
ΪΣ
ˣ˵Ҵʱÿһֻ̣ҪоȻǨ
ʲôģʽ
ҪǣʵҪһûսأ
ҡҡͷ߹Զûս
ǾͲҪôʿˡ
⵹ǲŰһ£п𣿡
ĿԣͲ̫һ
ϸһҲԡ
ʱ򣬡˵Ӧ׼ˡ


331 
ڵ˵,Ҫǿƾٵ¡
Ϊһ׼ľ¼ţ£и߲㶼ǽ죬ڹ½,ıʿҲų,ǧʯĳµҲܴͷ档
ȻҲˣӺǱ,ǲŵսԴԼҪߵƶ
һų,ŻûγɳĹϵͳζŶҰĵ˵,غʱڵľƾ͹õ,ƾսҲܷЩҪŵʿ˵ﻹдλƸþ,Ͻ
ЩͨʿֻҪܶʶ,ص統,һ㸳˰ϵļ⣬Ѿ㡣
Դϵ,Ҷи,иıͷ
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ĽŲȻһͣѸٵؿһۡ

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ԺҲģȻģôܲģԼǺףζټҵҲм̳Ȩģ
ĻѪͳҪ׷ݵǰ֮ӣɽʤ뵱ӵѪԵϵϡüֵһᣬʲôϡģ
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ûɵظоһʧҵΣ
һڸС
Ȼתͷֻ۾ֱض
ϲ̳ӶʲôؼȥĺӺȻһ顣
С˺£
Ҫ̽˵ȥ
ȥʲô
ûҪɱ˵ְ


334 
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˵Ԭܵ,ȫµĻŻּʮǰѾ,ǣδ澰
ǰҪʱ,Ԭȴլۡһһͼ졣
ھǴʱġ
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Ԭܲü¶֮ɫ
ͼ以࿴һۣ˼֡
ˣһƤӣžһЩ
⻰ȷʵ,ԬȻ岻,ʱĵ,ټһƼӱɫȾڻЩ
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λɫ㲵ļעһҲԼϡ
ǰֻ˵갺飬ǰ뱸,Ī˼ٴ˾
Ԭܰ˰֡
ǲʹ,ʱ̸ܶ,ھϢ,Ҫǣ
갺ֱ,ګԱ˱ַ
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ԬȻ̧ͷעΪصλıʿ
˼ѵӭӵĺû𣿡ڼ˵æ̸ȫµ˶֪Ժҵģ갺һУΪӮȡܷҾѵĺӵĺûᣬ˱ԼĳԹµ֮ʿأ
Ԭüͷ΢΢ã
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˲ıʿҲȰӭǣ˿Էֲʿġ
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ζѡ·Ͳܳ갺飬Ҫ԰
ԬԥУ鱻͹ͼ˸һ
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335 
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336 
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ΪߴӽʼѸٱ˴̡桤̣ߵķ߶һŵӵȥ׷ģŶܵȥ߿ìģżм˱ֿȭֻܰǷ߶ӵѩѩ̵ġ
ڵлѩұһȥҲżĸſܻһ۰ˡ
Ӹµվ̨ϣĿɿڴ
껹Сؽ˵Ӫнʿ֪ۿԲ͡
½תͷоԼĲڡǡ졣
ģ
㵵ġ
ⳡս֮λŹҲ̨ˣɫҲܵ⡣
ⳡ󣬴񽫾ΪΣǺЦֱ棬Ҹвǡ
Ĭһ
ƺΪګԴǣƽֿˣСҾʿɱһ֧
סˡ
½ϸһ£⼸֧Ԭ̷ļݾܲٵݾߵĽ㶼ûñˣǺͲܲµĽǡܺݲڽ⼸λȡǶʵɡ
ԶıҲûñȣȻˣս֮ͣͬ䵶ϣЭͬս൱
ƽԭĺɽƺҲ̫ܱȣȻȷ裬ôһǻѪ
ȥֻ뵽ڲȪŹǸװֵĲ꿤Ľ˵ƺ̫ò

ĬѾãϵЦҲʧˣе㲻ؿ
ľݣʵǼδδţ֪̩ɽҲҪǿడϿҵ˵ŹҪݣλҪͬе۸
з紵
̨Ͼˡ


337 
еʱ˵Ҫһ㼼,ǹгϿҾеġ
̨Ͼ䳡ˡ
ʿӲڿڵλŽһӣǽһȡ
λŽɫѩһ,ﻹ͸һࡣ
ʿе㲻ˡ
ľ¹Ҳе㲻ˡ
ֻǳ̾һûƿڴ
񽫾ͬºн˰,Ц,λ䶼ھ,ԴҲֱ
ֱ,û
СĵɫҲԼĿˣŹطϡݵܶԶȥ˵,ʵ֪ʲôˮƽ
⻰һҲûаολŹǵɫˡ
һǻɡ˵
ɫڻָһ㣬УͯҲ͹,սҲ,񽫾ôһ֮ôУ
ࡣ
ȳԸ,СָһųҲˣ괺ʱ,ҵȻǵвԬ,ԴҪ֣
˼һ˵Ҳе
м»ǵ˵
׿Щ,Ͻֱ,ûʹǣջȥɣ
Ͷ,ôջ,ĽӢѾ,ǵóԸ˵ߣʹǣ
ûʲô£άתǳ«¼Ϊ׵һȺĹ٣ֻҪÿһѲһؾɡе͵λҴʮпż´ＸִеҲ˿˳
Ψһ̫ǳ«үʳˣ˵Ҫѧʣڽҵ껹Ҫ
үӵĻ˵ܻܿҪĹǼ棬ʱǲ¶ӵġ
ѧ֮⣬ʣµʱͶæѵ֧˽ˡ
Щʿȫͬġ
Ѱʿͳ˧֮˱ͳս֮ûбĹϵͳ˧Լļū
ЩߴĲѲʿƽʱϣսʱսȻͨʿͬն
ЩһƽʱΪͳ˧սʱΪս
һʿǵĵʱЩֻдʿòͼͥϵ˶һûʲô˵ġ
½߽Ӫ̷ͬǲʿ֮Ҳر
ЩʿĿ࣬ɫ󣬴úܹʣЩʿСһȦֹηҲƾɣЩĿ𪣬ڳµµת˱Ц
ôѡʿЩ˶ʲôݣʡ
Уξ̫⣬ֻʵʵ˵Ӳ׳ʵıǣûʲôֱ𡣡
ԣˣУָرб־Ե˳Ǿһˡ
Уξ˿һĵ֣ڶСìԼֺõسЦȻ
ϸ緢źԭڸµģ壬汲ͣŰףԭģ
ľӪҵĳ࣬ϲļũˣ̫ʷҲϲļũˣּмĶǿܻڵũˡ
ͦ࣬ܽǣũ˳Կͣʵŵ㼸ѹʿһŵ㡣
˵ǸԭڳиŲʿƽʱ¶򽻵ͻηͷȲ˵սϧ
ʣȻǻЩǮΪľǾվһߣܵڻҡ
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׿ǼˣпôὫ˷Žȥ
УξûףͷԵһ䣬ʲô𣿡
һۣƽܱ֮ͬѹʱᵱۣͬĸԸΪս𣿡
Щ˿ȥضӣЩҲˣؼҳԼȽϺá
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սûۿˣϲɺصǣСֵò˲ʳҪǲܲЩʿڳҲѰ
ľӣɴסӪУȥȡһ
ƱԼʮӺػһ£ˡ
ȥĻǵðЩĻһдķһͷҲ̧˵κ̵ĻsըãҪˡ
ϲصͷС˼ǵˣ
ʮ߰ţҪ½ԸԼоʮѰ˼ꢳһΪȥʱ򻹿ԶװЩõĶ
Ǽѵõ£Ⱥ˾Ͳ˷ܵߴߴһ·
˵δػῴǼ˵ء
˵Ҫ˻С
Ѱ˱ѧ֮ʿĽϰǵģͶͳȥˣôջ
ǵ˻ȥ
ǾԲϵģ̺ܼҵĲݽ棬ǲ½ߣֽ
ҪѰһŮǲˣҲֻһλͤ
ϲͯϵǣȻҲûطȥֻһͻĿڷ䡣
ܸСźЩǸüĿ㣬һǼеıʿˣֻҪõǣȥݣĳһСλܲɣ
仰һӾ˷ˣ
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ҵǾãŽҲͦá˺ȻͷԵ˵һ䡣
δת
ģһ˺ȻĽ뵱ͤķˣ
Ǹˣ˵ʲô
˵λڡ
Ȼľ췢ġ⡱һЩһʰһע˹ȥ
վ̨£һ
˱ʹ˼꣬Ŷʮ꣬Ƥܰףòüëϸ߹ڲ£ͬһֻҺװ㣬˽
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ͣһſڣʲôˣ
ܺ͸һ⣬ѵıںˮײһ
С½񽫾ū֮ͣܽ
ǻشʱδ̧ͷǸܵλɢ⡣
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æ̧ͷĿһ˲·ײ˱ѩǵı
˺ܲϲ˺ܲϲ½
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Ǽͤˣ˵ô֪
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Сĵֿһۣ˵˻ȥ
Сԭʹ̷⼸ղ͵½ߵģС˵˲ʶСǡ
ʹһ䣬ĸʹ
Сʹ
˲ˡ
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ȻʹҴˣһȺҲҴ
ոշʲôˣСʵˣ
ûʲôƲƲ죬Ҫʧ̬ˣλٸҲûá
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䷴ȴҲʷθΪԼն֮¸͢ΣԬܺͲܲ٣ܵ͢ѡһ
˶ǷѵҲ֪𣿣
֪ʯʳ˵ѾҪ˿۽ãܹʱɳ·ϲ
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ëƤϣؿޣҵĲݾ֮⣬»֧ܻң͢ϣpo ˣΪЦ
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壬ȴӣݽ棿
˵۾·棬ŭ־صޣƺʱҪ˺飬ҲȷʵĪ˵һǷ£ʲôΪУµ½Ҳһ۰ˣ
ºڿ˵ӣеıȴΪ͢ùºԼҲڸеھɫԼΪݽ𣿡һҲûеķŭ㣡
뷢һƬҲÿɫƶ־ַŭ˺Ȼסˡ
ͱ̬Լ˺ܾãõҲûв
۶žƺĽʱȻ̧ۿһۡ
ѾƳȥƽˣʲôԺҲˡ


338 
ʹеĴ,Ҳ鷿ģֻδϵճһҳ
ǼͻȻȥ鷿,ⶼЩţԼ͵ûɨںҲû,ֻСĵţ֪ʲôʱͻȻһ߳
ȥãһ˿ҲûС
ֱиͽһֻ۾ŷ촦,ŷȫעؿһŵͼ
ȻȫעȻز͵Ŀ⡣
ǻǰ˼ɢȥԼ
ֱƳϣ¹ʱ,ûг
һյ,Ƥͼ,öƶֺ¹Ŷʱһ۱Ƕ

Ӧһ,̨,ˡ
ڿʲô¹֪һ䡣
͢Ҫȥ갺飬˵Ҿ,ԬܱڰΧ
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ǾˣҲһû֮ء
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͢ΪҪ갺飿
ȻΪ갺Ϊ
͢ȵģ갺һˣǶ¹˵͢Ҫģ갺һˣǶʮ񡣡
һ
ϺȻֳһ˿
ԬڱܲϣܾȶȻʲôܾȶ
¹Ŀƽˣ
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𵱳ʱܲٵİλʹҲǳǸҲƽ׽ˣǰƴûĴ񣬲ʮе֣ǸлУǳżõ
һ溮ѣһʼղشλµֱϯϣеԼذΪһĽ˶
ĺ˵ܲ¶ƣ̬ķ֮־þӱΪ֮ⷽ䣬ѡľֻˡ
Ȼѡ͵ѡûλãڼô˵ġ
Ҽ£ô˵ŵʹ
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ڼŸӣƽؿһۡ
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˵ַֿԵˣӴСӸߵף׿в֮ˣ˻쵽̫ʦλãᡢڣһĿǳҲʧ
˵ΪȺһô˼⣬ڼȥλУܵء
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ĵŲ죬λŶȵʹ΢
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Ѿܾûˤˡ
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½ȫ²Ⱥһ˲ת˶ɽǳ£һ֮ɫͨ죬Żŵģֱʱæתȥһ·һǸ
ûʲôҪⲻǵģЦʵŹԭҪɨӪеѩҲ˵ѩ̿ɲǰսϵѩɨ
Ⱥɿؿһۡ
˼ܣˡ
ڰ֣Ӫߣôˣ
¸ϻһˣ˳㽫Щʱյ뽫˵ֻǵ֪ȥС档
ֻססڰ֣򽫶Զñ׿ıʵڲҵȽеӣܻסԬܲźá
Ⱥַɿؿһۡ
˱£Ҳ𣿡
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λƽʱɢļίԱѩﶳúˣСףûɢʲô
Ŀ׵ʲôǶεؿ
սͿ࣬˵ã
վľӪУȻԵúܱ˵Ĺ٣һʱסˡ


339 
ǰɱġ
һеͻأĻΪĿ,ȺȻһʱ˵ʲôǺص˵ͷ
ѵá
½ǸԸ͵,ڸλȻϲоǭײͷһһǵίżҲЩëƤ¡
ҪΪȴܲס
Щʿ˵ǳջĶȫõġ
羫µĲߣѬ,Ĵʻ㣬ּŵķǡ
Щ͵ģЩͶȥ,ֱ׵رԼл̬ȡ
ôأ
ǭ׳佫ʷϲ٣ƽ֮ҺЩȺҲš
Щ佫Ƕʿ˵ģ۵ģ֮͵,ǻ᱿׾ģ£ȵ׷档
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½Ǹ⡣
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ⲻܸı乹˵ҪĶ
½˵ҡֻζһȺӵ˿ٵ˼ң뿴·ߵûʲôֱ
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ҵķȣҵǣҵģη
ôأ
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ţȻߵѾĬȥûٿڡ
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ҪģһˣȺ˵ȴΪ˿ңɽս
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Ϊ⣬ЩŸ·л˶սΪƽԭУҪͨ籨ŵ˶սΪǳ²Ը裬ͶˮԾĸ˶ս
졣
ҲǴ󺺵񣬡˵뽫Ϊ˴󺺶ս޳ͻ
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ܲżдЩǸԼʱǸ󺺣ʵҲϣֻʮͷʱܾúһ˵һ㡣
ʱĴ¹ѳȨĴ󺺣͢ӻް
ƺҲûʲôԺ͵ۿʼһͯʱͨܳǳֻ֮ӵĻ¹æݡ
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ܲҡҡͷ
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᲻Ҫһڳļƣòķֱȥݵıһıܹǣ
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ҶҲ٣ʮң˶ϵļ̳ȨӭӣȻǸλøһʲô˼޵أ
ҲܿɳܣԼֵܸܡ
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ΪԼھ󺺣ܲƵ˵һ䣬֪ҽ
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λûϹսĵĹټѵקֵĺľһҪסԼΣһþȫظߺ

սϵľֽ˱仯
ų֮ʿǵʿԵظһأ
ˣ
ˣ
ոϵήҲ˷뼤
һؿÿһ˵ı֣ƾʲôȫԸӮýͣ
սǱڱԼ޶Сʲôɲսף
һʿó˶ĵоڶʿҲųȥ
ɱųŭ
ɱ
ɱ
ʿױһɢɳʱûгɢ
½Ѿȷʵܵųѹ
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½ɨһܵĲԼھиָӵų¶һ㾪ϲɫ
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ͳ֧ȴĲ˾¶һܸӵ顣
ϾԼ˧޶棬ǲе㲻
첻У½Цһ㹻Χֻȱڣ
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ǰʿ벽ǰҪ½ȱڡ
½ߵʿԾʸһÿųʿһˣ̾˳ͼȱڡ
ǵŬʱǳɹģʱʧܵģƵסĶ̹˾óڷ϶кǰЩǷɹǵĶʡʲ鳤ܾãһδε֯Сģķ
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ǲǹҪɢѾ͵ģ
ֻǻͷǱˣСŹľӣȻֻ֣̿Уʲôװµسѣ
Ҷֻ˰ˣһȺһ壬ʲôֲܱɢ
ͬˮ̵ѩѣЩԭҧأ񾭵ʿҲһһؿʼɢ
ѰԼͬˣ
ѰԼĶˣ
ˣԼˣǵˣ
ܰɡ

ססųЪ˹ش֣ܹʿ
սѶ
վ̨ϣעһƬսûп
һԵȴ̲סп
֮ڱߣͤ
䲻ȻˣĽ𣿡
Ľ
½仹ı֮ѧѧˣĽʲôã
תͷԻؿʱӻ͡
ͳһöҡ
ֵܵˣĵ˵ŵġ


343 
ȻʤѶ,սûȫȷ
ųʿѾʿЮųɢˣܵõǣ½֯Χ·,˽мʮʿûбɢ
Ŭ֯һߣҪų뿪ս
һĻʱ򣬸оȤˡ
ȥ,λ˧Цܵо˧ߣǮ
ܵо˧,Ǯ
׽ų
׽ų
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ԽԽݱӿǰȥ,һһ,ײǼʮʿɵķߣ
һ£ҵЩ֧ŵʿͷѪ
㿪ųҪԼʿǽ,ǣŵش첻ҪٴˣץҾǣ
ǲУ
ǵĽ
۾˻,øϽǣ

ƺˣ֪
ͷѪͷѪ
ѩմȾǵѪ,ЩģŨģðҺѩ,ѩһڻ,¶˴صɫ
ƨɾһ,ƥ˻һ,Ӿͷ
ܵÿ죬ȻͻЩ
綼ڲҡΣշ·ʱҪ׹䵽ͷ··Ҳһոµ籡
Щսˡ
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ʿְ˽ŷսųرӣȻƥҳϵս
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Χ˺˵Щʲôе˹Уеڣڵ٩һ仰Ҳȥ
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ֻǳȴеһء
Ҳһء
Ѿ¾磬ҲɱصЩʿһӮٴ󲿷ʿܿĵض롪ٲֵùͷˣ߹ǱˣֻڴϺߺһɾҽһͬһһ
ųȻûʲô˼Էġ
ֳͬƵ˽̸Լʧǵﲻ
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ɫƽ·ʤһûʲôֵÿҫģ˵ĿȻܿص
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Χ˵עѾۼͬ㣬Ĭ
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ų͵̧ͷɫ㵣ţ
ѧضЩߣǡšʡ¡ϡĶʵûʲôã˵һ˵һһ˼һʿһսӮĿܡ
ų׽ĻĬĬ
½΢Це˵Ҳӹţе˵֪ԼǸţȴѾûٽһĿܣϸ߹ѵøеϲ𣿡
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ţлᣡ
ʱԼԼıʱű󣬶ȳԴ
˵ųмҪ˵ʱֳȻ˹
·һԴǣֳǻ֮ȥȻȻʧˣȡ֮һɱϲɫ
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ϸֳһ˿Ȼ
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׿¶ΪŬԸļЦ͵Щ꣬ȷϰúܺð
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ԽֳȻٵߵԲųĿζϡ
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˸ң֪ʲôõģƺԼһڡ
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һλս䣬ǿڳ棬½ƥеĽҲ˵ġ
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¹ϵЦԱźһ˲ˡ
ڼλʿһ񣬡Ϊº
¹شǰˡ
ͬеͷĿĿλ䷴׼ƣصļǸòʿ֪ǲǼڼֳԵʣ鿴ºʹ΢ЦʱЩֱɫ
ڼһڣ¹̾ʶڼһࡣ
ڼºκºλȨأֽ±룬ڼϿҵ˵̨
ܳ͢أºθҵ
ڼɿؿһۡ
ûڼ͢Ϊ飬Ƕܣת»һ·߹٣ȷԵáơ
Ψһǣ͢ѳֵĳ͢ѾֽڹУҺ·ɱ࣬һ꣬£ͽҪ׾űˡ
ڼɫǺƽԭΪºֱǼ֮½ɹ̨ϣһΪҥˡ
¹ɫֿһۣʼڲ²ڼΪζ
ӭǲȤģ⣬Ķ¼ɵҲȻ
ԼֻǮˣǸˣ벢ݾ
һʱ²¹ȷţܼڼΪܹ鲻ΪԼǰ̡
ʱڼ·֪ʲôЦһ
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Ժıѩδڼľ棬ȴһҲΡ
ߵúҲȻȼˣһ̹ȻŶȥ
ڼߵſʱ¹ס
ոǸŭĳ¹ʧˡ
ڵĳ¹ƺЩֺʹࡣ
𣿡
ڼתͷƳֽǵʿһۣЦеҡҡͷ
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һ䣬ԼĿģ˻ῪüǮ
ķֻԼԶЩ˱ܶ
Ԭǵһ֣һֱǵڶ֣ӭݵĲܲǵ֡׼ı³֮󣬾һˡ
ӻᱻߥȨȴڶ˼Ǵݣܻܿ졣
¹ݾĺֳܶ··ڰǰ
ڼıЩΣգҲЩ֣¹룬˵еԽܣҪ
ⲻΪ˺ңҲΪΪԼ


344 
ϯɢ,½׼Сʱסʱ˹ȥ
ԥݻ,ҵģȷкҪº
Ҫˣʹһ̿һ伫ˡ
˵Ӷëձڵˣƺ͸Ŷҹ¹⣬ͬ˪һӳ˽
ѩˣѥӾͰ볱,Ҳǰɲʪ,Ǿ͸ˡ
ԥ˺һ,ĽԼĽŴ̿ԡ
ƣ,涳һ,ЩȰҲ𡣡
ҡҡͷ,û,Ҳ䡣
ĵӲ˲̿,һĪ״̾Ϣ
һŮ,Ѱ׳Ҫʵп,㾿,Ҹȥļ,ŮҪ
һǸ,оĪؾ𣬸Ͻҡҡͷ
Ҳǵˡ
۶õȲ,ڱ,һžƮ,֮֮ǻСغһڲ衣
ڿˡ
ܲٵʹºܿҪϱ͢ӭ۲ǵϢ
ûʲôĸ飬ʵʵŶһ׼⡣
ˣô
˱ӣһȲ裬ʲôô
ܲٴ˾٣Ǽ飿
Ȼ٣˵Ҳ֪Ǹ
۾ɻ󣬡
ôݲŶԣ
һһЩĶ˵Բܲٵӡ
֮ǰֳʹ۲ʱ˵ֶ˵սϼĺȺˣһҪŹ
￾Լϵ¹øһ㣬˵ʱԵЩ
ԪֻǶ¾ݡ
͹ˣ½ƽעҲںǼ飬ǵİҲںǼ顣
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˵úֻһῴɫƵģҾῴɫ̰
ƺǱ̨ʣһССͣиԼһҪġ
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¹ƽ͵ؿһۣ¡
ƤëˮϲǸŮ¹Ҳºͼˡ
΢һ㣬ó¹⼸״̬ܲѰ

ܸ˵ضӣŮΪ󣬻ԾǳظŮһɫ
ŮһЦڿڣĵȥˣһЦҲĵĳ¹
Ҫϲ͵ϣ
۾һ£ƽȥ
ҽͼΣԶ˾ɫ
ʿűӵ΢΢黹Ǻº͡
Сģصۡ
仰ܵϲϲϲصͷʱ빬ģʱӣڹУѯ೯֮¡

ӵСλʵȻǸ
ҲֻҪаˡ
һλѣŽڳĸߣܵأҪ¹˵δΣ
һ˲俪ļˡ
λƷ壬ԵλˣΪԽж¶һ˿ӸµĹػ
ڳıһλô俴ңҲܹӵΣòѧƷΪƷܱҾټλòõ佫سһ£̨УһԲѧɡ
¹һСءšһ
ڼ˶ǰλְ׵һ˲ʧӰˡ
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ѬҲŨе̱ˡ
ǰ߹ǸŮǼӡԭ鶯ɰġҲüˡ
ϳԹθ﷭
ǵ˳¹ӣʱһ̣˰ѻ˵֮꣬һ
ʶڼġ
ԭǲ죬ڼţеУξҲֻڼ䣬żţᣬھ϶ټ档
ʱûʲôӡֻǸòõʿ˵¶С
׿ʲˡᣬһֱĶңͷˡ
ûӣڼӣȰ˵ʮ潫㲻˵ҲȴŲݾ룬Ӵ˿ʼ룬ٲܵð
ҪǶԼڼкøСǾˣ
ڼûʶһ㡣
²갡пһ䣬ɣҲͷˡ
׼õһ˻ҭںϲȥ²һ
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棬ӣɽĺڼʵе˵
һαҭסˡ
󲻿ĳ¹棬ˡ
ڼ³ϣڼƮƮܴûл֮
ʵͬˡ
жûмҹ壬ûʿ
ԲײУûʲô̵Ⱥãɱ˶˵ȲȤ
ֻһһԼӰˡ
һϺƣǻһġ
ڼȻôӦᳵ·Ҳûʲôϲ
ǳڼˡ
ԼȻǸƷˣȴԸϲЩ̹Ϊѡͤ½
¹°ͣһ˵ҲȫȻһˡ
ҪһˣҲľˡ
赭дصĹ֮ڿ˵һĶˡ
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Ǻǡ
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һСڿˣЩɬ
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һʲôѲҸŮ죬˴⣿
ڼƺ˵ˡ
һ͵ĳ¹Ҳȥˡ
µȳ˸Ӱɣ


345 
˵,ڼ˵ӡ
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ҲҪԼµԭ
۵̬Ȳб,Щƽʱʲô,ʲô˽֮£˭˰ѱ֮Ҳȫ֪顣
ҲǶۣҲûʲô,ȫƾ䣬Լһ·Ŀİ߳һ·ά־δɢ
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ˡ
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һʱˣƺҲ伫ˡ
ʱӦϣȥӴҲõ֮Уʹͳ˥䣬ںҳҲΪЧ
ĿĹͣѵܹóгķ
ȻΪεǹ½ԣ㲻Ϊλ¾ɱֻҪһ׮󹦣ƽ£ȻҲֵܷһ
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˵ӱѾֻ֪Ԭ֪󺺣
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˵Ϊֵݣ˵ٹЩ꣬ҪƵһԬˣ
˵Ⱥأ볯͢ѡ̡
ܽȡ¡ǿɲ䳯͢ǻһոµģȨģǿĳ͢
Ϊ׺Ĺܲܲһ̨ʮ˽һʷᣡԺҲԺŴ֣һ·ۣ
Ǵ󺺵һķң
ļ룬¹϶ǻᱻ˵
ԥá
ƴ𣿡
Ϊдͳܱңأ
ԥ˺ܾãڳسһ
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¹һ
ԣøһأ˵ǮҲ١
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ΪʹһʱкǿȻܵݼ
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̿𲻹ˣǾȥ̿
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ꢳУһ߶飬һ߿ʱֺȻȥʲôܳӶҡһ¡
λ̧ͷδʻʱĽѾػشˡ
ɾܾСԭΪѽ˵ģȴ뻹һɾ
ᣬû
ʿԹޣһ֮
갺ѣҲҪʳͽ
һ˳Ե˶ʳ
ϹİٹŮǧĻܳԵ˶ʳ
ʯʳ׶ȥˣ
Ѿˣ갺ҲΧܲȻȴƻȥ˱ңûǡ
ǭײͷִζȹ
ѩԽԽˣһһظϡϡϣɳһϣ۾˿ǰ·
ıѩ죬·ҲҪˣĪ˵ԺȣЩͷԶף˭ҵϱʱüһ׹£ֻͬĽַھǽһߡ
ɷ฾ˣֶǰǰ׼λףǸɲܲһܶ
ΪܹչѾԻͬĺϱǿҪСʱһꡣ
̡ؾơ֮⣬ҵɻһηֹʱԳһֽСӡĶ
һȺߴߴһ߸ɻһ죬¹үСɺͰѧһڳƷ顣
̿յȼˣȥûʲôɣֻһʡ
½أʵʲôʱ
˵Ǳ߻Ҫأͬһӷ£̣ܻˡ
Ϊٲ½һƾɵ£վڵͼǰŬؽ⣬ʱҪеսְ𡣡
λŹСϣ
Ҫһսͬϵؾʼտ֧꣬ԮģȱȻǵʱǶսԬܵǰҾʱؾͿ꣬ԬܺԮǾлԵ֧Ԯǰ
ͺܻһЩس֪ʶҲҪġ
һǧʯλ߹ٵͷ缦ס
Ҷ̫أλλعֳ̫ر
λŹддǼǵʱԺȵˮ˳㷢ɢһ˼ά
ˮеˮûʲôеݣü
Ź̲ˡ
ۺڣµݵˮҲ֪ô
ǣǣڰ֣⼸սǻؼȥͼ˹ˡ
ŹСŹ࿴һۣϾ˼ɫ
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û£˵ԭҲûȥꡣ
е£ΪΣ𣿡
밡ҵð̴꣬½һ䣬Ҵ꣬Ҿܻؼˡ


346 
Ĵ졣
һʱ,ⶼæʷٵһꡣ
ǹ趰λԬʧ,һ磬콫Լе檾ɱ,𽫸ߴɵݸ֮һ棬𺣡
ǲܲɴʷĺ,,Ȼ,õǰӲߵӡ
ɳı࣬,Ϊһģ
컹Ǽ亮,طѩδľѳ,Ƕȥ
Ȼ,˲֮ܲ⣬Ҳʮġ
涼,ľֽ̳̿͸£شڡ
ڽеһš
,֮,˼һôϿĴ졣
λ,ͨŵƾϣǲͣؽ̿衣
ò,Ҳĸо䡣
ֻǷǳķ,ֲԸⱻ˿һǶ˵,Ҳȷ伫ˡ
˵£ȻЯݺ磬˵ʼ֪Բ顣
Խ࿴һۡ
νġˡȻͱUˮ
䣬ǫ֮󣬱ݣ®һƬĽ˵˵ϡ
˵ˣܺá
ϣͺܲˡ
إأʱµġ˿뾣ݺıزһԹʱ䣬Żȡ£Ȼһ֯ϯĵС
߿֮УǵλüҪһ󿤣Ϊܲٹȥ죬ִ˭Ҳδ
Խ̽һ䣺
ܹϣҮ
Űֻɽ¯Ȼ̾һ
ȡ«ô
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Խʼˣ̷֮ӣܲоɡ
˭Ҳ˵ϲܲ٣ַͬĻ
ս֮ܲԶʤȴΪơ¼й½ͽԼǸʮóͳ˧֮أ
ؼǡܵõʲôô
ܲǶȻϽġ
ʮ־׺
ⲻһȫ⣬ȻҲͲѡЩ߳ɱļı
ܹţȰطֻҪͱϣ£˵Ϊأ
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裸ո˵仰̾Ͱ԰
ȻƳһۡ
«ɱ丸ӷ񣿡
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СĻصǰιǣ˲ٱ˾ļ䣬һʱ
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غʱһһǧˣҲǺƺƵ춼ȫġ
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һǶˣΥþеˣžֻаʮ֣ʮì͹֣ٴˡ
Ŵ˵λȥǵľҲǸ˵ɳһˣһĶʣǰȥһԳǷΡ
һʮˣѮڹǴǲ̫׵ģڲҲѾΪˡ
֮Ҳ˳ˮˣһһʲѡʿǰսһʿҰܸؾԹԽöǮĽǮöǮؾȾƣ˻һǰȥľƷƵСӼûֱϢ
֮ܶһǣ֮ûɵĲϵ¶ûв
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һûʲôƻһеլۡ
½ߴǽʯǣ滹мʮĴ澣˵лٴĹŮòõһƲ۾ˣҲ
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£Ҳֵͬܣ̾һΣ
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ѾϤˣȻеһ
ΪһԵģЩеĺǿ
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Խȫû˼࿴һۡ
£Ϊȡ֮̾һܽһԷ񣿡
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ΪоʷȣĹ֮֮ıοɼһߣ˵Ϊθոȴأ
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Ⱥ໥ӵأĻıԵı£ñ̵ı죬ѽףûóñעֻƫݣûнȡµı¡
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ӮˣͬڵֵܣԽӦ˭ӣѵᱡαذװȺצܹǣ
ǼǼһʱͷһʱҡͷǰܹ̣ˮǣ󻹲Ǳ½˻ȥܵһܵ½һ
˵Խ˵ıģΥǰ
ǾһôȰһֿʼⳡôá
澾ƣԼأӾúһİڼ˭Ҳû
ֻһĜUˮϣѩδʿѥӼҴҲȹѩʱ㷢һΪ˻
һоУ𿪿ʮָˣ⽫ߵ佫ʿһˡ
ҽȡǣΪ磬һ飬λô
Ҫǣüֳⷬ࣬ƾʲôȴ
Ҳ룬Ǭ˸Բа˿ǲ֮ͨˣǣصص໻ǡ
ֿʼ²˲һ𷥲ܵģвҲӭӵģвҲ׼̵ġ
ȫˣµͻȻ˵ʵǷ⽮֮ţȴȨѵƽ𣿡
һʱ
ȡݣƽüëȻһ㶣Ԫ˵
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ȥĴ̽
Ҳ̽һ
ʿ۷׷ʱһƺڴ˯ĹȻۡ
ּ磬ƽͣƺֺ棬ܲȥأ


347 
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ŮӦֽڿЩ,һƻġ
ǲߵȴҲϾ˼,̱ƾ,˲Ϊѹ
磬˵⼸նڶء
裱۾һ½,ܵþЩǡ
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תöһ㣬ûа㲻ͷ,ֻһֻİèһ㣬Цһ,һ˼,ʲô
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ʲô,ίΣȻҪٽ,ʹ̧,Ĺ˵Žύ
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˵Ŀ£ʵѹ࣬Ī˵ǣҲ۵ýأοҪĿ
ڶƮƮȥȺƮƮʿҲٶ㲻Ҳһ˵£׽֮ˡ
ʲôģǸ˰ˣأءߡһֻ֣תȥƺί
裺ЦСˣһ֦Žе⻪ưķбб׹ǼȹҪ⻬˳
˵Ц֪ʲôˣ
תЦūͶʣֻͬиĳϣ˵һͬ£˱͵ˣĶģŻأ
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ⳡ磬ߵسʿ嶼Ҫϯģ
ЩԭµЩԽ˵Ҳµıߣ֪飬ѱ²й¶
굥뾣ݣͬǴսƷ񣬳ȴ˴ͷ֮⣬ջķᣬһٳΪݶҡһξɱȻҪһΣյľأ
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תס˵֡
ƫǸģ̾˵ҸΣ
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ʱǽʳĹӣͣȴƹˣɾף˭Ҳۡ֯ϯĳȻμ穣ԼҲ룬ڳ⣬ȴģֻʱʱ룬¶΢Ц
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𣿡
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ǰһҾףʱ֪˿£ԾմݼᣬΣڨ飬ȣ֪Բ飡
·ִ棬壬书Զӣס֣пһ䣬Ӣۣȴշŵü

ҽΪףֵһ㣬ȼˣ곤إأһ͵Σ
ּȲܸм㣡ȥɨһĹԱʿ壬֮أݲţ
ĿⲢûгʱͣĸϣȴĪ仰ǶԼ˵ģĿУ˿֮⡣
ܿ췢֣ΧЩʿԱҲյ͵Ŀ⣬˱һ˷Ӧ
ԹԣʿҲ
Կ䣬ҲЦһ
ǳˣο䲻أ
ʿдһƬЦ켫ˡ
Ŀȴ΢΢һ¡
󴫡ȷôһ䣬Ωвġɲǽضʿ˵ص˲Ŷ˽á
һλϾӣ룬ɱĲδʢˡ
ǰıԽԽҪѰһյߣһʱƺͲ³˼ǣ
ѱˮƣΪ׳ϴ͵ܣһͬǣ
˹Цϳʱλ͢׷󽫾Ȼһ
ĸߴɫףԭǸ۵ˡ
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ΪҵܹƳƺûʲôˬʼˣһ·ˣֳУ
Цɲ䣬ֻǿԼʡ
еǸλãԭʵģҲ֮ǰ鶨õġ
ûڣȻɨȥһۡ
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µĹƳղ֪Ӣ۵ǣ
ؽͬϯƣ֮ң
ϳɣǵȲ
ϵЦ֧Ųסˡ


348 
ŵİ
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ǻһ𣬻Ϊһɳʪ塢ϢʼıǻС
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ǰֻʣһˮ֧۶ɵСˣС峺ףˮ񷤣ȥ治Զǡ
һ̴ϪкȻһͷ
Ѿ侲֪ԼոձӰ˶ѣǸͷһ˲˹ȥ
λ˻ѡУҴҽ


349 
һһˡ
ѩ,¶һϸС
һǷꢳӵĽϾĻɵʻʱ,еֻҪһ,ܿĿĴء
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ĸп,ܹڱöðܲȻԸӭ,Ϊʲôܼʳأ
˵Ϊ֮£ŵòܹˡһС˵
һۣĬؼԼߡ
һṬ˵ĺҲˣҪ˵һ˵,˵˵ѽ
ФϷ˵̧,´¡
ҽԸˣƽ˵ֻרŮ֮֯±ãЩʲô
˵һ˵ֲʲô£
еߺȻͣ,˫ڻ谵ĳԵøڰ۾Ƴͬһۡ
֪£
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ʲôأԴǵĳݳܹӭѽʳסޣŵˣ
ǵлǸӴӳģ˶Ƕ·̼
ʱһ·ϳԴû䣬סҲѰݣÿҹ˯ڻҰ,ʱʱĵ,׷
ÿһյг̽ʱ,ضõӪʣǰóķС
ʳﻹˮ齻̿ʲôǲģܹʮϸĵ׼أ
Ҳɡǳ˵ϾĽʿҲвܹĶһ·ˣ
һĲܹ£ʲôϵ
ŮϲɻƺûӳɵͷһԲؼԼߡ
ܹ鼫ˡ
Լϱʱд뽫֮ǰµĴȫֲǲĺӭӣҴ˴أƣ
λĺǰҲֵüǫҿףҹǽҲύ
ѵð۷׷ףĺԪǸĽȴھѧ֮мأǫѷʱʱѧϵ£
֮ǰҲײϵµʫּ֮ŲѧǲпµĽ֪ѧ룬ܹôʲôба֮أ
ŶȥǵĿڱҲһű仯
ǲУеĽǾ˽֪ģܹ֮ɱʵҲ㲻ʲô״ɣ
ԼͬǲʹʾԸӭӣʲôأܹȴһƬģʱʱչǡҿӲݣɲܹΪء
Ļԯ˷Ķ
λʺڹʱʮּӣӲÿո·ȴһ̬شÿնҪһ£ǹŮҲֻÿ쵽Ӫ֮󣬰ҹΪ¡
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λȻǷ·ѹȵ״Ļ޷̧ͷΨΨŵŵ
ʡЩ̬һΪɷϣˡ
ϣκ˿ӵǣҪӵȨȹ̣ҲҪĻڰܹ֮ؼ̳дͳǳΪһصңÿհ̾ԼĸĸΪʲôܡ
ʲôĶֻӦõ
ǣĵˡ
Ӳȥݣȥݣ֮ģֻǲܹ΢ּΪ󵳣Сĵת
ˣûһ˿ݣȥݣѵҪ𣿡
ܹ΢ӣֲԬ˱ܹ֮øȰһʺϸ룬λƴҲΪʣѵеӲ𣿡
ͿĨۣ֬ȻԵЩƣ΢΢ˡ
ܲڶʾ룬ʾͬʱҲһʾãͼ˵óɼ֡
λӱԬƴ󣬲ܲپڼз֮䣬棬ֻҪ𣬲ܲپ;ҶӲ
ȥݣͶȥˡ
ȥݣܲٻΪݣ໥ĹϵѵǸӼ
Ѿãתˡ
ͬ˵Щʲôã˵ӲܾϵĴ£ұϾֻǸˡ
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ţ¶˾ġ
֪ǶʲôҲ֪¶ʲôġ
ֻǴһ佫ĽǶȣЩ¿ʼԡ
˵ĺνȴ˴֮⣬ǧ
ԭʹӶѲҲȫпܣȴĲݾϾǧˣǧˣЩҪҹӪأ˵ֱȻҪӣĺ˹һָǼϸľٶ
Դ·ÿӪʱĺݾӪбþ硣
û뵽;ԴȣʵпοȻԲܹмڳޣҲûʲô
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ӪʱܻῴУξ͵˾ԼŶƤ̱һŵĶʡ
ƺе㲻Ծ֪Ӻ˵̽ԶԳ¹˵һ֮󣬳¹Ҵ뿪֪ȥæЩʲôˡ
ÿߣһ򶫶ȥһ˼¡
׵ʲôԾӵǣڳס֮
͢ǧʿڡĵڻУԽԽˡ
ʱܼϾ԰Щÿ߸ʱĸʱٺһʱ
ʱߵģĺЩĬݱǽ뾩ܵزͬԣ䵭κͶĴĿ⡣
Ͼ԰أ
ĺľӪƾûҲûиˣ֮ǰϾ԰ľӪɳ֮
ƺֻӪɱһȡ
һ಼۵Ķ۽֪ʲôǰʣ̬䵭룬Ҳش
ȥҺһ·侭ˣԲɴ⣬ĺƽش˷ѲִΪӹʣҴ⣬ǰȥĲˡ
ִ᣿
ִ᲻ǻʺ֮ꣿ޴ʦߣ
ĺƺеľЦһ
ºĪΪԼȲΪô
˵ϣʶ˵ֻǲ뵽Ĵˡ
ϾУֻԼߵˣԼߵıеĵġ
Ͷࡣ
ҴȥĺעıӰȻڡ
κӪ𣿡
ǣС
һƺӣƺԼ
ףǰأΪҪͶأ
һ죬һأ֪ͯλӹɵɣ
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һЩԵɡ
ĺ˵ȫȳ˼ΪֳΪĲܲϣʵ뵽˻Ϊ˳ҵ֮¶ǿҵİޡ
ܲ
ĬţʶǺεȵľˣԭԲݾ֣κԼͶܹôأأκԽأ
˳Ҳ޷òƲ򵽵ֱ֮ʿ¹ܹдԹֻҪαסǧݾ֧κͳӪأ
һΣѵָ½
Сո¹һꡣ
ʿǴԭЯҴģЩеĵҲ⼸갲˵Ůӽף˴׼ʱҼһæµ
ԣЩҪЩɣƶЩֻ̲˸񣬵и⼸ղ߲ݣߣҪԼɷϼױõ
һطһ治ɵñԹ
һ¾ˣʱ˭أ
ҼСģֻأĸֲãúӣе񲻶ѹϣ
Ǹ갺ԼĻΪʲôҪǼҵĶȥ
еһʱ㾡ˣȡ֮С
ܻ
˵ξС½ڣǿ£սʤ½
˵ܴܲʤ̣ʵǣܻ
ʤ̣ôز
С½Щʿ
Ǽе޶СضҲҹضҲŶ
ʱЩԼɷڵŶأ
ǸӶܳʹߣǷⱻŰ
ԴӱѩڣԬֿʼ˹֮갺ͳš
ûȣûȣûʩǲܲȡ
ֻ͵С档
ųֵܻӦȣñ־


350 
ļҾ컹ææµµ,ʣһ浹棬Ϊɷһٳʳʱ,ǰС,űѩŢڽҰУһ·Ŷ಻ɽȥ
ɽӰ,Ρ̩ɽʿҪߵ̩ɽ,Ϣõ־ŻȨɽ,۷ȥ,¶ڻƺӱ,һ·غӶ,󵽴ԬΧ
о½ų,½ֻһݡ
,ү,רȥ¹,һԮ갺飬ҲһԬܾӵʲôʵԼȥɼʱҲи
ڴ֮ǰҪ;ǵĴҿᣬֲȷжʧ
δ,̩,δʱܵЩ仯ˡ
ǵ·Ǻƾ,ǰ˺Щ,ӿΪŲԵ÷ǳª,ס첲г̲ͷҲܸסס
ȻĬ֣һ﹡Ϣʱüչ۶ճɡ
ǲٻޣֱ׵ѯܲļҺǿū͵£෴ụһʣûĸӵõ˸˰Ŵأ˵ȷʵеģǧǱ߲еĴѽ˼ԭ٣ƫЩѩȻصúܡ
ϣյẺֻ̾ؿͷصȥ
ԭŽ겻׽ͷһ޷ӵѽճɣȱˣҲֻ׽һͷɣӻü˵ףҵŰɣ
·﹡ϸźһˮ˸ܵũǵĳ࣬Ҳе㲻ˡ
ôˣСĵضԱߣ̽ͷ̽ԣǼẺǵˣ
ҡҡͷȥ꺮ݼѩ֣ũǺܿࡣ
ʲôģƲҿӺء
½̧̧ƤƳһֻۣܳԴֲڵ򲹶·ΪûǮһͷܲɷݶ
һԽԽԲչǴؽʳԹԱ壬ѵǽĶ𣿡
Ӧõģ˵κһŬӦϱ⸻ӡ
ƺ׾ˣͷʼкˡ
ǽϸһ밡Сĵ˵ܣҾʲôأ˵ױΧʱҲڸɪɪҳأĵѵ罫ڸ𣿡
һ̾һվԶϵ¡
֪˵ֻ뵽ս֮ʣȥ궬˰ܼ̫࣬Щˡ
վһûվ
е㳬꣬ˡ
УȻһ䣬˵ڱŵ÷£߰Ҳ˳̬ġ
ŬţԼ˫Ȼָ֪ͣڵȣϸһ£ҡҡͷʾ벻˭˵ˡ
ȻƱһ䣺оô˵ġ
ڵôܻȲᣬҵȿᡣ
½Լ֮⣬פǵĳȺڣԼ̩ɽ갰Զˡ
֪ǲĴ˰֮⣬Ҳشһ£ٴرʽ
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俼ǵͷϰһװµĴرĺ
ۣȻɻȷŵȥʼԬڼʲôҪע¡
갺ԭԬ֮ˣҲὫƹܣ¼Χ֮ǹƶԬ¡
Ԭ̷ǰ깥ݴܶ飬˵δԪδƽԭ뱱֮䣬ĵأβ
ʶıԥɵزܽһ£Ԭδܹ¶֮ǰݱս¡
ˣ򲻿³ç½һ䣬ԭԴʽֽΪ¿ͽҪȥԮ˽갷񣬽ȴͬ
֪ͷҲݱȥ
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λ̱񣬸սʿͦ÷ǳֱ°Ҳ߸ߵ
ƺҪƽʱָ߰׵ķȣƲԹɫˣҲȦͲıߡ
갺鴥ŭԬܣΪԼ档
Ϊ͢ΪӣΪ֮صİգΥԬ˳ʯʳ
Ϊ󺺡
ΪҲûмģǸõĴ󺺣ǸµĴ󺺡
Ԭܾ򶫿ʱìָĲ갺һˣҲ갺ЧҵǸ󺺣
¼ֻųֵӦ갺ȣͬģ֧ģǽֵܶˡ
Ҳ갺顣
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һƬž
һڣЦһ¡
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׼Լ£˵һ䣬ʷǸģ˵ʲô洦
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˴ԬľǶŻǽ
ȻǶţ˵ֻı߶ѡ
ˣһԣȡ
갰Ժ˵ֻλȻһ֮صĺˬģرҪ֣ƽʱǽϣ¾ͷҡڣǵôҡڣ߶ǲᱳҲʱͻȻͳһײͷһƽװ˴Ҳ
ںؿڣҲһ顣
뽲
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գգۡ
ȷʵеӮֲԾĸʦͦģо갰ƺˡ
ǵ갰Դ˵ʲô˵Ļͷһοڣͦжġ
߽վصԣЦҼˡ
ص¡
׼ڣֳˡ
˴Ԭɺ£ǾԴһˣǾһǣռ
е֡
սĿȻеġ
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ټɢ˼άȥ갺᲻ῼǵչɴ಻ˣ
͵ôһǵʿŮףһˡ
ͷǳ¡
ܹ¶ͻȻ˵ϱл۲Ա֮أУ˴ʹϣԬܾսʱ񲻴棡
½㶵ؿλ塣
ԥ̫ʷҲԾؿ
գգۣƺ־սԹ뻰еԻ
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˾֪ͨţ
ƺ
ΪͻȻһ룬ˣ
ڼüȺҲԲʱͻȻ¶ظ飡
˷֮ıȫҼҶɵļ⣡˵ԼСλ˲֮

뷨һж˵ͨˣ
ûгé®Ǽڶģ
һûгױ֮ǰԬ֮ǲƽģ˳չµǰأҾѹܲٵĵ̣ջܲǷǳҪһ
ֻнܲٴݸϳȥܹȫԸӦԱľս
̫ʷȴһ佫ĽǶ˲ͬˣֻжԬ̵ã
룬ԬҪٱܻܴ񽫾
ٵĻԼûģ
˶Ļʮʼһ̡ܵ߳
һҵۿһ
ۿһԬļݾʲô졣
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˵úȻûֿŵϷԵĺ׳ֻ࣬Ũīزʵؽϡ
;ˡ
ƺıص˼갰ԼӣȻЦˡ
΢ȴҲҪһ̨ķⰡ


351 
,򱱣ԭأĵؽѿ߷,Ҳ¶,·ϵ̼Ҳڿͣһͣţ漸Ĵ
Ĵ컹û
ǽڵ֦ϳ˼ƬҶȴǷȱˮ,Ͱˮʱ,˵ͻͣ,Ҩһưȥ
꾰ã˵Ҫġ
гѶС۵
ô죿
أ̱㳰Ц,ﻹأ
㺾,,Щȥ㲼úõġԬ֮,˽ƽѣ,갺ҹǽƳȥ
Ҳ,Ԭȥգ갺ȥ,Ҳ֪з,ǰڳ˴ľʯ,ǼҰú,ľ֮أ
ô˵,֮۵û,ϳ¥⿴һ,ء
ܿģֻлҺɫդӪկԼӪկ಻
ЩȾɫĻһһӪկһһʵ̫ˣ˿߼ʣǳͳ˱ǧĻԭûд磬û⣬ֻһ泤̲һӪƮڰƮ·лһؾ۾ƮƮ
һ֧ӵˣôܻ˿Ϊأ
ȷģ˵ʿͽķ²ʱǾȵģھ֮󣬺ܿϸӽסˡ
ϴϴ˵ҲЩִ硣
ʿ̽ԶЩͰˮϵѪϴȥˮ̹ǣȴһԣƵģ̲סü
ϴ֮ķ²ǿĿ
طãڼôıʿоһϯ֮أıµġ
ãͬʲô˵ĿܼСĲϡԭſԴ²ҵһ˿˿ʶʲôˣ˿졣
²Ѿñףˡ
ֻ̾һԴǣ㡣
²ûп
ҪץʱͬǴֱͣԵˡ
ģҺһƣݸҲй֮꣬Ϊ룬Ҳưɣ
²һ˿Իԥؿеľƣƺ֪òýӡ
㽫յС
Ԭ۾ӱа֮ڣССһǣαΧ񣬲ӲǰϧԴ֮ţЦԴǲǳȣȴ֪ԼͷԼֱҲͰˣҲܿࣿ
²Ҫ;ڣ⻰Ȼֽյ¡
ˣһϲҸңԴȣ
Ǹʿ̧۾
ڻͬʱ˻ɤƵü˵ᣬʮ
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ո˵꣬ͻȻ㱩һͷײſֳֵĳꪣ
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ŴһƬ
վУſڴķӣо÷Ƽˡ
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Ƕʿ׾һĸ갺갺ʲô취ȶģ
ȣ¼ܻԬܵİΧȦ֮Χأ
ʱе侮ʯСˣеƷ֮˻ðķ˾Ԯ
ĺƽشǰˡ
ĸߴƤڣֹ佫еĴ³̸ʱĿⲢҲû͵͵
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һˡ
ĺȻ뷨Ȼþ켫ˡ
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Ϊβ֣ܶκ̼ˣǿΪǿȥϺɺ͡
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ĺһڡ
ˡ
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λ׵ĺǽκͳţ˼·
иɻ󣬺һ䡣
ִƲݾֹ꣬ھ£ȡ֮ʲô֮£вĺ˵½֪񣿡
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תͷ¶һ׺ֵЦ
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Ӹ֪֧߰нٶ̫ˣһҪʮǾģҪʮҲ񣬸Ϲη죬ﲻ٣ʮرࡣ
нٶҲܼ򵥡֧дҪеĹŮһһȺۺͲҲҪܣټϼȻܲ׼װˣǿ϶񶭳һһһСӣ΢һٶˡ
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С˵ȷҲ룬չͼǿǲԶԬܴǡ
ԭƛWݣһԭķֽ߲ʲôɽʲôأӡ
áΩݡʱùŻƺӺ͹żˮ˷ָߣмأԼأݡݵƾϸԱֱݡ
ֲ֪ԬͳΣܻԬܣռݶúɴֱݣ˵˴ߺǱͱǧˣø֮Σ
̫ʷ˼һصصһͷԥԥ˺ܾá
Ǻ˿أ
գգ۾
һ㶡
˵Цģæڰ֣й߻Ϊǣǡ
ںһʱ½䲻˵ˡ
ҪǵĵĻҲСһԡ
ԥܸӣһ㶼Цʱ˵佫Դ֮飬ǷǳԵġ񡱡
ǸˣûʳҪкҵ⣬ֻúׯصȷһ£
λС
ǲ٣ü۵ػش𣬡Ҫһ˼⣬Ҳһġ
ⳡսʱΪųֵ첿˽ǰԮ갺ĸΪûϵҲ׼ĳǣҪʿ͡
̫ʷȺԥȥҲõòˣʣһɺҲ׼ȥԼҵĽܺǣճߡ
ɫȥڻε֯Ļͷ
վ£ͷһ֦ͷǵĻתͷɣ
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εؿһٲ˵ģ
λὫͷ֪
ɼˣ·ҪԵĲһʵ⣬׿սֻȷѾκοܵѵȻ
½ǿе㲻Ҳˡ
ǺãֵУʮ֮ڣԶ첢ϣ΢Цǲս


352 
̫бʱ,֧Ѿߵ˻ƺӰߡ
̽زǰӸĴ̽ʱһһԵˮ,мСҪһԼȺշɻ,æųԳԺȺȣ¼԰ıǨͱһ
ûУͷɥ,ˣϲء
ܴԣҲǴʱоһô
Ӫؾɡ
Ź,ʿȥس,ӳϿʼжԲľ,դԼҪġԼĹߡ
ýӪشСȷԯſ,դôţȻʼЩֳɵªķ¶
ȷȡˮˮ췹ĵط֮ڳӪõ,Ҫ룬ֹߣ
ʱڻƺϰݾ,˲ҪڵĵϮ,̡Ŷʡˣ಼ԯҲ͹ˡ
ʿظɻ,ٿؼ๤,ܿؼ¼ʷ,ꢳʣʣݣǷˮʪù
ľӱߵԺһ㡣
Ǵ˲ӣרŸЩ£˴Ӷ϶ҪɻҲҪ๤ˣһԵȥʪأŸ
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ʱɳʹࡣ
ûʲô׵ĽˮҪôýҪôöｺôܼҸɾؽɳɽ̶ס
ضǰɳ̿
ɳӱϽݹֳͬɫɫɳӴ̵ɳӴ֡
׽һѵɫϸɳƬƽԭ֮俪ʼúСģţʱʱҪո䣬ͣһ¡
ɵĽŲʱġ
ԭθߴִһļףƺʲô˽Ųء
ָĽŲɳϵĵɫϸɳ͸ƽԭı档
񣡡һ㿴ǿԿԣ
½һ¡
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½㲻֪ĻƺôȥģӺѾܹüˡ
ʱӾڣһʮһ·¶Ỵ뺣˶ʮ꣬Ʒ¾ڣͣ˰ʮꣻ
Ȼçʱڣƺ־ˣǴκʼ񱼣ݡݡݸ㱼˽ʮء
ͺװƽŶ٣һҲİ꣬˰ʮ꣡
Դλƺ֮һ꣬ƺӶûдģĹ
Щƺеˣʵ½Թֻһ
ˮǰƺϱܵģʱϣʱڱ
ڱĻȫҪӣĵش̩ɽܽС
ĺôкܶ࣬оԷǳΣܲԬܷ֣ͿԿͻϮսкܸߵĳɹʣ
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Щ뷨ֻѡ
Ϊ֮󣬻ƺʱͣϡ
ѹһߣҪɺӵǣҪˮһսҲǡ
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ĸһתֻе¹Ķһ߲⽹ۣ͵Ŀ͹
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ΪҪҹϮͤ򰡣ų
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Ҫסɿڣ˵ҹϮõİ취
λŹͷˣ㶵ؿ
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ϢģĶֻӶʮĵطߣ·ˣץУлȥţɺ֮ٷߡ
һǵ˲ͤݽԿɶڴ˳ǣҴ¡ʹԴЯͬ飬Ԭɱ׷ϣҲѹľݵ㣬¿ɳӣ
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κɻˣܾȻ⣬ضõġԼȻҪ߻ı߱ȨȻҪЩ¶ףȥܲæּ׷ʵͶ
üͷ˫۾･ŭ𣬡ߣδݣضҵܵܣֳͶܵȥȥͶΣ
κȫסˡ
ƺˣƺûսڣѾȫˡ
κ˵˷ֿʼĹ˼ı춯صĹΰҵʱ롣
κؿˡء
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ˣ޶ȣҵĲǣ˵ЪһЪɡ
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վ׼߳ȥʱﺬĻȻˡ
˵㰢ˣڡ
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ڣ룬Ҳġ
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ɷ򣬸̼ǶŮ£Ц̸
ƮƮ˵


353 
ֻͤǸɿ,ĳǳڶɿ֮ķǡ챱Ͻ뼽ݵҪɿڣʮַ
ࡣ
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ʮ,뷶ʱ,ΪǵԸоȡ
ʿƺҲȥ
ǭ׵ҪǺܵ͵ģкǿѹȣƵ,ֻҪûս,ٸҲҪ̫Լǿ,ƴڳһڲ͵Ĳݸӡ
Щƽģƺλطٻ̫ס
½㿴ݣһʱжǸ˵ˡ
ΪͲǸˣһ˿ҲûС
ʮ꣬ϸֹ,ʣƺʮȷѪ,ͬйͥԺ,Ҳʰľ,͸һϵȡ
ʱ,Ҳ飬Ȼ̬Ҳ⣬ֻǺܿһʺļǷ񰲿
֪ɾԭΪԴʶ󣬡ǳϿҵ˵ϲһɾ塣
Դʱݵ΢΢һ¡
ŹΪʹԬǰ˵
㲻ĵѻꡣ
ֹֻҡҡͷ
ΪԴȴΪգ˵С棬Ԯ
ϵ̱ȡˡ
㡭ҪԮһ·ϱǣΪҪͤ򣿡
С֮и۲ǣԬܼл֮¶ɺӣ㼱е˵ɾͤһãҽ֮Χ̹黹
Ƥʿ䱸ؿȴ˵
ȴûаصӦ
ߵſڣµ̽ϻ
ϻӲ󣬵ؼˣ֮һƬĽӯӯڡ
ݶϻӵǲ⣬ذ˰֣޹д̰¡
Ȩ޽𡣡ǰһơ
ʵܲԾ
Ǹˣ֮δģһܾɡ
ȷһϻ˳ȥԹ룬㾡ȴнǧ޽㣬ɾҼգء
͸һɰͼУԼԴǱ³çʧҲ˿ûв
վ׼ƾʱƺֲ֪Ϊʲôˡ
ԥ˺ܾãվü㣬ԼǰĽӣĿһ˲ò԰׶ģڿʱҲһˮеҶ֪úȥδӣ
Ϊ㵱ΪԬش˳ǡ
ԴɾҮ
԰׶ģһ˲·Щ
˿ܣֱģ
ʹֹҼʱĽĲŵƷУ׷ˣʹ֮ϣԬ
еĲԽԽǿҡ
ɾΪԴô
Ԭټ֮˵ܲΥԬ֮
Ԭ֮ϣӣ
ֿһۣĿת͸ӵģֱУ׳ľһ
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ҧסһŬ
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ֱ֮δС˺ɾֱ桪̼˾񣿣
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㲻صãȴֲϷȥϻݵķһơ
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룬ǼȻõͤ򣬡¶һŵ΢ЦԬ˵
ۣ
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űӣһһڸ֪Ǽҵ׵ڱǻһλãּͣͣǿȥˡ
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˶
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ĬĬһ˼ƺʼ
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½Ȼһ顣
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354 
½ĴѰų,˵½ҪʱųվУУעʿȥ
Ҫһ֧ӲףԴ½,ԽԽظܵ¡
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֮ϵЩСٻϰԵشǣִҲᱻСķкһ¸Щԭ˴ʿɴӹ,ĳЩ޹ʿȴᱻЩͳԼĹغͷ衣
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˵һЩϸ֦ĩڱˮĵʴ
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ǰֳǸܿˣ˵ʱϲһЩƣ·ʱźͦһɺˬηơ
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ǣݺεȹأգβǲһƫǰȥ
ڿĵȰ˵Ѿȥˡ
İɣųֵܴδ̣ǲҴݣҾ˳踥ȡ̣
Ǳһ·ҪӰɣļǣѾǾںδӣ
𳤽߳Ӫʱһɷ硣
һʱ֪ˣ
㲻˵ˡ
֪ΪʲôеӪġΧѽ꣬姳ȴδ£ԬܲΪһǽԼҲͷڳָӣֻڶݱ
еѹϡ
£ǹ̶ġҪôˣйҪôûǣǾֻܼšȻû취姳ȥͣܵõʲôӦ
ǸˣΪ£ѾãǸʹҲײͷŭϣ˲Żᱻͷġ
ѱҲУֻдܸɣҪʹɲôͿˡ
ųֵܹӵϢ˵֣һҪϽһսеġ
ʹýڴȣʿǺܿͱǰУоҲֻĸ͸˧Ӫˡ
ʿһҲţÿһ˵ﶼͬ˷ܡ

ƺûӲվſڣעһĻ
λСݸɵıʿǻ﷭ӿһһɷŭľˣ飬˵ʲôûˡ
һֻݳĵشӳݼ˳ϡ
򣬸ʱȻܵһɲͬѰΣϮ
̶ֻ޳Ĳݳչþȫط
½ĿⲢûдӹûвôСȫעע֮µԭҰ
ƺӱƺе㺵糤ñһأеĵطһϡϡԼصɫ
꾰Ҫ̣ũһһ䣬⵽Ϊʲôأ
ĳ˼
Ϊж
֪ʵʵ˵
ŹСŹСŹ
Ǹˣǲһ֧࣬ǵձؾӪ̽һ£˵λŹûñܻС
λŹѾϰλ¹ʵ˵ˣҲʲôȥ
ٴ񣿡
һ൱ǡ
ȻϰˣλŹɫһ̣͸ɹȥĲݳƵġ
·Ϊ֤Ļ˻ţ
мݾǧڣ˶ɽ֣
ۣ½㾪һܳˣ׿Ƿˣ
ƺҪڶгЦһЦŬ˰죬ֻŬһҪЦ޵Ĺ
һԵĵܵܵһҲûϡ
λʮǰ̫רעһԶļݱȻڣ
ϧĽֻһΡ
ԵŮתͷȻ΢Ц
Ϊ۹Ҳ֧ˡ


355 
ɳȥձȻǾ,׼ȷ˵Щʿÿղϲ͵ˣһ֡
ûִйƷϸ˵ǿʱЩʿ,ǻ,ó
Щʿ,أķʼܡ
㲻ϡһ,ġӴܡ
һĻʱ˿ûиеȣЦ
ֻɥ֮ȮĵЦ,ضǵǰ,׷
ǧʿӪױһ֧Ȼ࣬ԸȡֵͷǰһĻġ
ϵȷľӵġ
׷Ԭܣսӱʱ֧ľӣЩǻƽ,Щǵصĺǿ̫صľӣǵװβ룬ЩֻľսЩŵ٣,
Щǿ뿤صıܻǰһΪǸộѾ˽,Щػô,ô,ôôأ
Ƕս,֧һԽ˺ӱΪΪļԱ֮һ
˺ɵ׷ȥ
ôսٱ۵ĳ׾ٵؽǰʿͱ˸Դ
ѪſȾ·ߵԭҰڼݱС
һ͵ս
޷ˣƲ࣬˻ŭģ籨˽
Ǿһ·׷ɱЩʿ׾ٵس嵽ǰĻĵϣ뱻׷ϵʿһ޴УҺܿһĹѹ˹
޶ĿɡǣȻһܹȴⳡ籩ԵĿһɫ
˾ʿǣһΪλ˧
Ϊ˧¹Ϊʿβһġ
˾ʱλ˧һȵسľ᲻ʿǾ޴ĺͼأǵĽǰ棡ǰ棡
ˣпһ
ƲƲ졣
Ҳûʲôɣһо£Ҳõб½ȥб³У
½Ŀ⿴һλװ죬ϸ߹
λδϹսĽһ
սģͬʱҲǻġ
ûͻ֮ǰʿǰϰģкվ
һŵʿʱڶŵʿìһֶƣһֳͷڳʽͬʱꪱסо
ѧ˺ܶ飬ʿҲ˺ܶ顣
˵˳ʱųΪһжӦͰࡣ
ԴȴС
ʿݴͣȴܹʮ·
ⳡսӦ׾١
ʿʱųʶʵսԶһ¡
˽߹ʱк£дȴͷĶƵסˡ
ˣȥԭأʿڼǰһǰһ߲ϴӺСµʿ߶ϡ
ǵǳ嵽֧ǰʱǵ߲ģǵս־ҲǰֵĹ
ųıúܺã˶úܽƵǰ棬п϶Թмϱ£ͬ۲ļ򣬸߸𣬷һԾ˵оӪУ
Ǳű֮Ķսŵĵоɸ֮ǰ߲ɱر˺ѿһӣ
ʲôսʿֵܵĹ
ļݱȻֹһˣǵŭͬɽбкĺˮ̣λָӹɫ
ѡ棡ȵǣʿ
ǱˮһսǾ֮бֻǸǵ˧ڽһС͵ģģΪͶս
ӱ׳ҽʼ֪ӣ
½㿴һλŹֽĿ⿴ĵܵܡ
ıķǸеѹͷȴ
ųѾ̣߽о֮С
γԼĻ׵ʾױƽ
ʹյأڴȰ˵ǿصΪˣ
߽ųǰıɢ
Ҳʹӷҵ
һС½ɣ
¹󣡡
֪ʹñµģвǴΪʲô
ЩУ˻ߣÿҪɤﺰһѪȴͬһųϡ
Щ棬汲̷ңһ𳤴޿ɱ⡣
ƽʱҲ߽ЩĻ翴½Ӫξͣ갷һʱ˵ǸŮˣôһʱ˵ǿͣᡣ
ųȻֹǣЩһûʲô̵ˣ½ܻе㲻ʹİᡣ
˽ͷЩڱǰʵ飬İ
һС½ɣܴʤһ
սų˶ƣƽ˵½ȻҴⳡ̣ȳԴ
ηӻϡáһߡоΪλעʦλſܴܲԼĽһλˣ
λǰһֱæٵʿһ˸еİŭ
ŽܣʱԵʿ۾ͨͬսӦ
ƽ
׼ˢ͵ıȻǾųսʿҲٶסˡ
ƺˡȻ˵
ʵûսܵ㣬Ӳӿ˰ҲףԼã
оǰѹҷߣ뿪ˡ
λݴż⣬ִŬһ
ֻ̫һڷڵѪǲҽ˻ײʱ񣬻
½һ֮󣬱ȥٴ˸ơ
Ӷ
ǰ
һ죬ڶһ·̺ܵ󷽣㿴
ʶƬ֮õ˽
ǡʲô
̫ȥ̺󷽡
ӲʱۣŬԵ۵Ϧ


Ƕ
һأϡϡ䣬ȻԽԽܼϡ
е룬ųС湶ӲдĶս
ӣ
һȺδϣƴǿģҪ۵ܵÿһ㣬ٿһ㣬ýͷ­Щ͵֮£
ĻԺһ˲Ц
ʵҲð뷨ǼˣǱصƥȷ
һ̣ϵЦݱʧˡ
ЩӸµشʱٶȸտʼȷ죬ܵú룬
ƥµƽ֮ǵٶȱҪһ㣬Ҳˣǲʲôӣս
뿴øϸЩĴѾǳ˷Ӧ
оסǰ
ԼҲս׼
Ѿǵˡ
оͻȻʮ޷ıͣסЩٳ̵ȻҲͬ
ӦֱԼǰױٶܽģƥ˹ȹĲݣȹ·ȹսϵѪ̱㵽ǰ
սȻ˻ʱѾȫʶ˶ôĴ
ߴһһľԼĲҽУѾˡ
ӵ̵ĺɫѾǰͬŰĻƺһ㣬ϯĿڱǣͷ־͸ػǵĺˮΨһܿģֻǱϵĺ⡣
λӱ½ԬΪεĽôкһҲûз
ƮƮط
ˮֻһ˵ͷ̼Ҳ
ǴǡԼΧλ˧ߵһĶȻȥ
һĻ춯صĻȻܿ촫˸ѿо
ЩӢµļݱԾˣЩ˾㶵վԭأųʿһƾʹˡ
ʱ磬ȥʱҲ糱ˮ
оٻŬά򣬻ҪƵؼս֧ӻ̼ͷֱˡ
˧ʧѾûս塣
ʮǵĴӪֻҪӻȥ
ֻҪӻȥ
ˣ
ˣ
Ӱ
һƬá
ڴȤ㣬һսôͣ߼ﲻɾ䣬ֻС͡͡л֡
͡ȻǸԼʿģлǸ춨ʤֵĲġ
Ҳ֪׶ټҵװôģЩͳǮ£
½һЩ̫ӪĻһվǰأһעս
ЩҲǼݾҲԬ̷ļݾԬԼıǵսʲôģиС
ⳡսӿʼרļˡ
ֱʤѷ֣ݱʼ˵Ĵ˿̣ڳ̾һ
ųǵķ
еǱͷаۣҲѪӭϦӣһ
λСŹԼҲһ㣬վ棬ͷԺ
½ʦԭӦÿһѧģȷʵ뵽˺üĻ
۽ǵ⿴սıԵ˵ĻǱ˸ζ
ϸ߹ŬָǸ˵ûУ˼ʱǵıȽ


356 
ǰųֻ,ǻܲ˵ġ
Ƿҳ㵱ǧʯ߹٣һǴ󿤵Ŀ,һ·˳˳ˮ,ȻΪ塢ʿǱϾǶԡ¡̬ȡ
С½Ļ,һҲժͷһ߱,һͷ
񽫾,һս,ҾǽӮ𣿡
һҡҡͷ
ɱңԸ,Ԭܲһ˵,ɱõһͻĻ,ȷǽҵġ
ܱἰ,һ̣˺ܲһĸо
,׽֣۾ӿһɹ,ԴԮӣ
΢Цſһ,ûж˵
Ϧ,Ҫɨһս,һ±ܼо
֧żҾ˵,һ浶ǹսͻĴʤʵģʹԭΪ־սʿƺҲġ
ӪеƮ˿ζ˸質˻Ц
ȻҲʿ͵͵̾ͻˣЩʿͬڡͬ塢һҵֵֶսģһʿսһȺΪͬס
Ҫ̫˱Ǳ˴ο˵ˣЩսʿʬᱻ˵ͤװ˻Ǳأ
ǰδеĶ䣬Ϊⳡ֮ȣսҶҲӣȥʿֻܾ͵ڶˡ
ʵҲûʲôΪųʿ˵Ǳ˰
оûЩ˴£Ƽ⣬̧ӡ
һӣӲӵһƬ
˵ʤֵܽԸн֮ģ
ûʲôûʲôŵøϽ֣̫ˣڣ
һ͸ЩǮȥ˵ã
뵱ɱʱÿܸʮϰǮģҲһԼһǮ
ھôͻȻǰˣǹӶĿ𣿣
Ըڣͼ򽫾֮ˣ֣ص˽ǳлУҶ֮Ñѽ
ϯһѸײڶ
ų˰ģֵܶ˵жͲô룬ǸŵˣϽ
ǲѾÑ𣿡һţϽ˵㻰
̧ͷеԻ󣬡ʱˣ
ѵֻ֣Ȼһ£ꡣ
պͻȻеΣ״ԼҵǼĹ佫ƵƵĿ
һԵҲͻȻתͷĵضǿ
ͣѵ˵ֻ͸ɨˮǣġ
׿˵ˣ˵Ƕѡϰġ
㿴һųĽͷˡ
治Ǵ񽫾ͻȻûͷûԵظпһ䣬Ȼذˣ֮һÑһ£һ䡪
һֻ֣ʱѾɿؼ˵ȥˣ
ǳлԶģ
ƺڵ˵ƵģָϽһ䣬ɾʣѷһȥӪУһԶģ
ƺҲһЦŰ˰֣׿½ţԴڸƺʿ潫һ֮ң׿αˣ
ƺܺãҲûɶر
֪Ϊʲôһ֮ƺƽˣ˴Ӹոеε״ָֻ̬ˬӣҲˡ
Զ湦ȴ֮ʲô
˵꣬ƺѣЦ
Զδɼңһ£ý½ƸΣ
ԶӢﾹδɼң˽ĻʼȤϢȥС棬ŮײܷŽǣ
ûС棡һֶŮ
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΢Ӳһһ𲯣ĵؿһۡ
ȡ
ã˽ǸǿǸǿ
ĸһСʵ˵λˣ
һǸ˷ȣ֪һǴҳˣһֿʼֹȻǾɼԽĵģ
ʲôڶС˵λԶΪ˳𣿡
˵һ˵öԣǹȻǸöСŽ
źվһֹ󣬴һ¡
½תȥһۣ뻹û˼
̧ȥˣһȾƣһһ¡
˾˧ʧ֮Χɽ񣿡
ųʹ֮һҡҡͷ
ǿ˸ͷ˵ŵһ
ݵĶ鲻ҪһЩزͤɿʵ̫ҪֱӰ쵽û·갺û·ֱ갰Եĳӱˣⲿֱܵ
һ棬ݾˣǲԶ·Լſڴ̣˼ʹɱȻ̾;ʧ룬Ӫӡ
֧иص⣺
ǵսĿĵɶ
ų갺˵ĿܺɣڼѾˡ嵽£갺ܳһ·񱼵ͤ򣬹·ȥС棬ɡ
갺˵ġȡ־ȷأ갺ҪǻԬܾסأ
ͬҲϣɵĿꡣ
ֻһԴ˵Ǻ׵ġ
֪ЩݾʵΡ⿴֧ǲСݾ֪ожˣҲǳ裬ڳ̬ơ
һͲǸ״̬ˡ
ôʱҪһ갺黹ǲѵġ
˵ʱųֵܵ۾һӾˣ
ˣҽҹΣ
һԣԴδط㿪ţ׿Ҫȥ
ʾ¿Ҳʱڰ֣Ǹ¡
ǡ
׿սеĳ𣿡
λʿãȻһҡҡͷ
ǣϰ巴ʱǸɶˣ
ĸû˵ڣǻһ仰
ҪҸһȥɣ˵ҲԴ
㿴
ƺڸ̵ıˡ
ΣߣеʱԱ߳Աģıһжƻġ
˵Ϣһѡ
Ѿúôд飬Լпܱζժװף¶Ϊ޴
ͦģˣϧ
һţһдʱ򣬱ʼͻȻͣ
뵽һ¡
дš
һȻǸԬܵģһȴǸͼġ
һţվſڣ˸ͼǷţطԸʿСĽ͵ϣ֣֮𣿣
һôನۣһһ߲ҹɫеĳǳء
갺վڳǽϣü¿
ļݾܲѰûйǣڰԵƣľӣ˳Ǳ
ؾע⵽ǳϵؾϸع۲ÿһǽµ˸ϸڡ
мݱǱ˻ǵдҲûУҲˣɥ֮ȮһεŹ
ϵؾ̿ʼ˷ܵۡԮˣˣһһʤ
Ϣһ˲䴫ǡ
㲵İֹסشЦЦЦſڵʹޡ
ž˺ܾãͬ±һĹһµĳǳƬ̵ĿС
Ԯ𣿣
һʳɣ
ǻ˼𣿣
ʱǾͿԳ˰ɣǵǰһɣ
Щⷴؽǵͷԣֱ콥ȥһƬžҲϨ˻⡪ûеطȥͣҹ֮󣬳˳ͷϵؾԵͩͻ֮⣬аֻںڰ˽
죬ĵ̫ʱԮͻˣ
ĸӾϲǣ֧ԮҹѾ˳¡
ǵʱел㱡
ⲻܹȷʵʱ򲻿Ǳӵȥġ
ʮڳµһƬҹɫеѱϣҪ̳ǡ
ϵĽϢ㲻ʲô׶Ĵ̹ǵʹҲ㲻ʲô
е㱵ǳµζ
áЩñӲѾʱձǨ𽥱ů
Ҫǽ£ͱȹЩ壬ֽŲá
޿ӣ޿ɱܡ
£˷ľ
˵ϳǽ˷ʱоԼ·ǴһǸŨϢ
갺һҲں
һȦҲ޷ţʱζĶ̫ǰһһҾ
ȥһ֣ո֣ȴ˻ȥ
Դ̾Ϣֵ𣿡
׿Ϊ룬дʣ갺ƺһҲʣ̧ͷŲʮ궼ֹƽˣΪӣΪң޺
졣
ӶѲ˵Ѿȥݡ
갺ݣ㲣۾Ե΢΢еͻ
仰ʱֻ۾ƺضһ£øˡ
ûˮҲûԹߡ
Σ갺ƽˣصģȻǴ󺺵Ķ


357 
á
갺Ѿǰһоܵ׼,羡һЩʳڳУڷǰݺÿһյЩˣÿһͥԺˮжβ㡣
֪ǲ,һĶ켫亮䡣
еˮضˣе㶼ס,õΧľˮҲ˺ļ,˲ò¾ûȥܱסôھ
ɲľ̿Ҳģ˳еļĶҲûͦ졣
ʱвûһβζ,éҲ˳,ʾǵû߹ϿĶ졣
һжΪ갺һˡ
ʿڳá٣,ǸصСˡ
гͷϵؾǶ,갺Ĭ,һ
仹ڳº,ҪȺ𣬲
гд˿ϭ,ؾȥ
ָıµ,갺Ϊһ֮˽ȫع³ǣʿݼ,갺鲻Զ̼ܶ,Ϊʲô̿Լǰ
Ѿû,ûޣû˿Ĳߣ֯سҪĴƥһ֮һ
ÿһƥ˵֮ʿҲò·ϴ𲹶
갺£Ҳһ˲·Լ˿δ
ڳϹ֮ԬӪбʣδ֪ߣ
ˣðΪҾն
갺۾һɣ⹫од˰ԣоӣ
ðʲôʵ£㻹ӲͷƤˡ
ϯһ֮½ԾشӪδˣҲ갺ǰ˾½֮¡
ܾܲ£ǰв
½ļƻ峿ʱʾǱļݾһ̽ԵĹ
˾Ⱥףʧ룬ôһݳǰկֱӽ༽ݾϻǱǣ
˾δңϳϣͬơ
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갺һĵ̾λʿȻȻá
ǰضҲģµо㸲
ࡣ
Դǵ˵սһսؾΪԮ񣿡
Ȼ갺ˬʵشЦܿʯǿ׿ıǣ
аٸнѾϴ֣˫֣ȥһ갺ˡ
˫ϴЩӣʮֲִڣʿֺܲһůǽڷ
㲻ײü
˫̫ˣݵ̾Ժиֳ˵Ĵʲôӣ갺ģġǸӣװǿʱֱϵļֳ
ڵ갺Ѿ࣬滹ܿǿ
Ȼսܲǿĳʤܵġ̫ضˣοЩؾ
Դʱ췹ʿǱһΪϣ
갺һ£Ц
ʱҹسǵ갺û˯Χǵ˧Ҳû˯
һλΪһвĽۣԬЩĴҹ߽ңȴڸеˡ
ʱһӹһˮ󣬸ûȥһڣ̱ؽǸ˵ϣ
ⲣ統ɱ֮ǰƣΪʯ֮ѣǷǵ֮գ
£Ȼ٣ԣɶΣ׿ǲʹΪɱУд˻˵ԣǻ
Ԭܽüͷ⣿
ʵڵ۽½
ھڿ갺顢ųֵЩˣгӲƢԸԭǺģʿҪԬܵɫֻҪһ̬һΪ갺˵յĻᣬٱһԼӵģ갺вҲǲòͷġ
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ǸĴɷЩʿųֵҲ֮ǰһһˡ
渵ԬȴԽüͷ
̾һβǹʱҵġ
һҲ̾һ
ˣβǲAͬȥ֮𣿡
ͼƤ΢΢һ¡
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ԬܲܲٵķСʮֶĹֱ˵ĲǣԬܶǲġ
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пظ״˵˷ǸȰһȰģʵ飬Ҳû취ѽ
֮˼
¿Ϊ˽ֱΪΡ
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ѾǸϵˣȥҲͰˣھȻ뽫壬ŽԵСȥ
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ҲʮͼÿһҪĻһխ˲ǹͼ
һýֵܾԺ·ζɺӵģ˷ֵ³ç£½бҾΣӣ˵ǲһǰ̽Ϊϡ
Ƭƻͨ¶ƣ̬֮ɺˣ
һȺҹıʿɨһۺ̱ȷѡ
İ֮УӵĽŲĳżһս˻ֻڲ˵ñһ
ǾĬڼž·ϡ
Խ·ԽģģİУתʱҲ˴򿪷ţȥԺﱧĽŲ
Ԭβ¾ԼֻǽǶϿҪԲʮụ̂갺޷κβ
ųϣĬǰ·
Ҫµ˧ûеʱһݾϳ
Ȼ½Ҳǡ
δԬԽֻ֣ҪһЩʿ֪ĴӪף˵Ȼһһ̣ΣǶǲԿġ
˵ĻͬʱһҲû뵽Ԭ£һʮϤȴ˽
ɾһҲ
ʿĵֹ㣬ƤƺٹǶҪף֪ʲô̵أ
Ϊ⣬˵¾ԣʱֻҪ˳ᢣ˵ܴǽȥˣ
ȥ˳ЦĶ֪ۣɱսɱǣ
϶δ¶˽֪ɱȴ֪жٱ䣬սӪ
ϻƺƺǴԹӣжıֱҪֵĻ̻̣
Щһ˿һҲûλڼὫС
ꢳһյ͵ƣһŵͼƾεΡȻؿ˺ܾá
ⳡսȿ͸Ź졣
ųֵǲʹձ㵽ʮĵطȻ
оδʹţҲǲˡǲݣأ
ȵĿת̩ɽһ֮½Ŀת˶
ѡһصģҪ˽Ӧŵ·ǶԼΪ
ԶžԮ̬ȣһĬֵ֧ġһΪṩĵ·Ҳ֧ԮһЩء
о̵ıأ
ĳֺȻһʯͷȻһ¡
һεʹӵյ˳ֻ޳ֻʿеϡ
ȵüͷȻһ£͵ƺ͵ͼ£ӻһϸʼԼ֡
ȻðԶŵӡԭǲġ
ˮ֮սʱ׷ԬǲһЩļıƽƽ棬ֻ˵һȺӹţֵ⡣
֮Ͷһͬɥ֮Ȯ㣬ȥݣһ·ǽԼȵķ㣬ļ˵ȫˡ
ʱܣĽôضˣ̤Ĳ֮·
ѵ˵СЩʱн쳵ѧһҪúԩҲ
ⲻԾעԼֱһС鷢ƤľϣǶµġ
Ŀעŵͼȴʶؽϸػʱʲô
ǰ
λʱĽȻˡ
һ谵ꢳʱȵûиеʲô˼ӿһɱĺ⡣
һ̵½أ
оҿ죬ñȴ͹ǰսʤ˳Ϊк֮ŵ
һ̣ô̡ԼоЩµϸھͶɺȥˡ
һǣ½ΪʲôҪŴһأ
갺δ棬ɳƲʲô顣
ǹɱɢһµĲ븡ͷ
ٺڣ
ɢ峿ٴҴҵꢳԱߣ
ꢳﴫԽ䣬ݲȵӾѡʮĳǰȥǡ
ǣЩԾҪ̽£
Ҫڳ⿴һǷеоӪկ
̫ˡ
ҪеоӪկǷȻǱΧˣλϽǰǱȣ
λݴ²ûнʲôǿһŹֵ£
Ըǣ̽ʱС£


358 
Ȼ뵽ǲżȻ֮¡
һ,˵ųֵСԮ갺ʱ˶Ŵ̵ı,о·⣬˾ɺӣǸʮҪ¡
һɿڶɺ,ͬζŽҪҲζŶŵݽ
̺󣬶ݵĻƺмɿ,Ȼġ
սƵ,ػ,·;ֹңԶֵܲݡ
ڵĻƺӶɿ,ıǲͤ
ԭһʮַĶɿ,̴ͣһͣ,ݵĺĳ,ֻǸԶĻ˹
ʱͨ,Щ,ս£ٲʲô̴,ͤҲˡ
һ̲ƽ,Ұ,ԾѵõĶɿڡ
ֵӪڴ,ӱ̩ɽ֧ɽɽ·临,̩ɽܾ紩,
ôһǡ̩ɽΪʲôҪǣ
Щ߰ȴˡ
ʱΪҪһAͬУ
ڷĵ㣬
һֻһ龪ֵܲײضȹƺӣײɱһˣںӰͱҲûʲô
ⳡսԴ̽ԵĹһоͲһˡ
òͤ򣬶ͼʱϱлݣƲܲٺͼӱ
һ־Լ뷨ǻ
˵ͶĵطĪ˵갺顪ὫӲܲзֳ
ûݵһ֣Ԭܿ黹ֵܵĲܲ٣
ǺӱŻ룬ͼǾһ޿ɱܵĴսˡ
оĲ֮󣬳ҪϢ
λ߹ڲ棬ȫ̫һ˸˲ĿĽһù£·ʹһƮƮİ׻
ξųرϢʱĶЩ𾪣벻λὫô뵽Ҫȥ̽鷶ǵġ
ֻǹؽŶ֮˽
ľӪŲδرգƽ̼ܹӪʿ˽ס
һĻ˵󣬽ȴһҲԵóԾ
ǳǽ߼ɣɹʵΧʮҰ
ǽ߲ɣ಻ɡرɣ಻Ұ
Ӫأ
ӪդԼ಼࣬дӪСӪ㺾ʮܡ
һϮƮλʿ˵ļϡ
ϯβؽɨ
ˣӪй׼˵оӪկùˣѽĳǳҲҪС
һԵĲξһҲǱȡ
ؿһۣƽˣֱ伫ˡ
ξһ۾һ亹æų£ڲԡ
ɢˡ
һ··һƬ
ϷڵʿһĻʱЩʧ룬ͬʱһԵĽƴ
⼱ٵ·ʿľ̺ܶ
ʿδĴлָЩήҵʿǾżˣʹͳڴҪץƺ׼ӭսʱȻ޷ӿ־
ЩС´ҲôҪ׼սսԯ֮⣬ӪУǰСΪսǰҪôսǸդͬоóìȰˮԤֹо
ʿããȻҲһãȻݴ˧ְ֮ȴִٵս
ҪһʵоǴһˣ٣һҹسǱôӪģԵĲӪΣ
ףŵľ̫ˣôһֲ
һʱʲôֻǼˣΪսʱоѾǰ
о࣬Ӫկʱǳ۹Ҳ׼ˡ
ǴӶǵļݾӪʼ˹ӪկΪӪæֻ˼ߣ˱о׾ٵɳƽ󲻶ʱդͱһȱڡ
оͬƺӾһӿʱӪƫŸո֯ǧʿҪסǸȱڣȱںܿԽԽ࣬ǺˮӿٶҲԽԽ
սȥ
Щݱǲģ壡ڸΪսòָҲԮ
زסˣ
زסˣȥӪɣ
ӣУξƫ̴٣ն
һڵľӪǵܿ㱻ûʿӶҵĸ
ԽԽ˶˼оˮһȷʵҲֻˮǴһû˷ذһܵ·ģ
ΪʲôûаΧӪկ˺ܿ췢һ㣬ȿֺرܿϵоӪȥ
½ڡšִ֮£һױǡ
עԶһĻŵɫĽӿ뼽ݾӪԽԽ࣬ӪȾĨŨɫ
ܿ˷Żˣǻ˷ŻģӪеʿӵø࣬ҲˣƵԼӪդȻоӪȥ
ڱʱˤˣ̾˲˹ȥ
ӵʱϵĻǶ̫أֶ
жףӣ̤
ع۲һĻʱ̲סˡ
񽫾Ҿԭȫǧ༽ݱģΪҪ棬ӳһ·
ΪоӪûзӦޣָָоķ򣬡ǲص㡣
ļݾ̵ʵֻˣӪĹģһ򣬵оӪԱǴһֹ
һӴľ±ݣĺи߽ɵļդľԯɵŶɡ
˵Ӫկ˵һǣȻԭ´޳ɵģӪկͬն
㿴ֿҲûпʲô
оӪЩкθϵʵҾֵι£
½ҡҡͷ¡
ױǻ࿴Ͻͷ𿪣˷ǲɫ
ƾ˼ҹĴӪеƮƮȻ˵ҪЩ
ɢܿϰԵѰԼӵıӻ
ǻ᲻оӪĴֹῪ¹ǣţţ뷽跨ҪоӪ
оӪ鷳ˡ
½Ȼÿôһͻͽ̫оӪֹͦ۵ġ
ֻҪԷԼӪŴ򿪣ôҲͷٲһƬդҪ˳ȥŰѻܣҲʿ䣬ԼѰ϶ͻϮġ
̫ͷһ˿Ҳˡ
ؽ޼ɵʵѪ̰ͨڳ
ǱƬҰϣʪȵѪϣӸµעһĻʱƺҲŵѪζ
ƺһսѾο˳µ顣
ڴʱоӪĵźȻˡ
ʲô˵죿
оʿӪܳˣ
ǾŶƣײǰҪӿЩҪסǵĽţҲҪӪеĳì
ǵĿ겻Щƺ佫ǣܿѾȫܵҾӪ
ܵ˳ǰЩоʿͬˮеɳնȥʱ̱ûԽԽɳȥһ߽ˡ
ߣͬЩҲĹǣٲ̵ֻĴӣǰվٵķԸͬѾͻˮӿо
ݾʼ˷ȼ͡
µĴҲԶԶȥһܲкһֻ޶߰ӥ
µ˧һ䣬ô죿
֪Ѿʱûǵľ룬µ˧Ҳס
ôӦô죿³Ҫʱ̾Σξ͸ɻɻЧôߣ
۾̽ͷ̽Եؿ˺һгѾܻˡ
оһ֣
һŽһ
šȻȻAŃyVjun  yi ҲԶɱ䣩
ȲŽǰҪǣôӦһط
֣˴
ǵŽ͸ȥ˵Ҫڳʮﴦ·Եš
⡣
Ǹóˣ½˵˱֮ϸ߹ҪϣƯãҪǱЩҲû¡
AҲϣעǰս֡
λʮ꣬һż֮·˫۾ȴúܡ
սֿʼ˳оʼʱ˲ߡ
ôһ׷оμٴµƵбӣ
һսУһΣյ¡
ܱݣ˱ˣÿһ춼ϣõ𰸣Ҳûȷ𰸵⡣
ųֵˣ᷿Ǵòô
ЩʿЩţЩʿܹ˵ϻ֣ЩʿѾǲһеӴˡ
ǳЩ硣AȻ˵
ᷲؿһۣλ˧ƺûյҲûոеĻ
ȥA˵׷ձӪ
׷
׷
ձӪ
ձӪ
A˴ٵֱƫУξ˾ʵ粨һ˳ľͷȥ
ȷȫעעǰս֣һҲûвɫ


359 
ܻųֵܵı,㲻һʤ
ҾӪĻ˺ܾòűһ߾ʬ屻Ǵ಻Ǳоɱģڲֻȥġ
пǱդ,Ⱥ̤,,Ƕ,ŨϢ
ʿæµŰῪջٵդ,ʪ,Ŵ̱ǵζ,һһˮѰ棬¼Ѿջٵĸأȳδջٵһ֣ͼ½ƬӪ
ʣµҾʿû취סˣǵúľ,½һӪկ
ӪկûôˣǵеһЩʿ¶޵ļ࣬ó붾߶ǣ˭Ǵһأ
A˵ҪһսƷ
ʤһ,նһ˲ƥסսƷͻϮݾӪʱʦûܴǵĿ겻˵,ֶһЩսƷ
֮˵,Ϊڷ²ЩżҾʿʱ,Ͼսɵ˸մϵģıףԼһЩƥǮ
ⲻʲôֵһĴ£AһࡰսƷ·ʿǣһʧ䡣
вͬ
yVԿࣿλεļӣǺӱ主ģԬһأģ֮Ǳǡ
ʧҲ࣬һ¶ҪϱAҡҡͷǻȻֵΪҪ
ᷱ㲻˵ˡ
о˧λϵAһֿۣ˿ᷣЦеص˵ͷ
ǃyV˵УսҪ۽ཫ֣֮ʱҵȥԬģ¹֮ҵȽԸЃyV֮ģ
һ꣬᷵ɫ͸ѿˡ
Ƴһۣопּˡ
ԼҪͷػˣ˧նˣȻڴ˾ǰܻҪĵĻ⼸µӲǡ
λԬԪᷡAûʲôԹ˼Ҳǳȥġ
˭AǱƾģ
˭Ԭôؾڣ
˭úӱıʿֻܵǧļֻоڣڼӱıֻҪԬıܣͳ⣬
ʲôˣԬŲܰڽ¸ʱ˽ˣƾʲôǸ
ͬ˼̵뿪оʣꢳ׼ǰ̲סֻͷһоʡ
͸ó£룬ֻҪǾˣûҲе£
Ҳȥˡ
ֻʣA⿴һۣĵߵAߡ
yVɼǽô
AȻ̧ͷֻвԥ֮ɫȴ֪ιʣ
ΪսɻЩί˵yVϸ˼ǡ
λһȻ
ǲǮģֻҪһھҪǮ
ڽ˵ֻҪ룬رǮġ
оʱԼϣ·ĿҪǮǽ˵оڣǸǴǮ
ϵλҸ嵨Ľܺ飬ǳİǮ׬Ǯ׬Ǯ̸׬Ǯš
᷵˼ʵͺܼ򵥣ЩʿˣȱǳöҪһǮʣµĶһǷ˰ɡ
ҳ£δһʤȱʧ˳ЦAüҪȥ֧Щǡ
죬ְˣ̾һ
ˣҲһݣЦĳһ顣
˿һǮܿ챻̧᷵񡪡ֻزΪһǮУнͭǮҲֻǮ
Щ͹ʱ˵úֻܿ˵¶Ҫ̼㣬ϲЦտ
ߺɫֵȥˡ
ʲô˼֪ܲĸ
A˶姳ǣ󷽲ŻطǡһҪҵġ
־ֲñڼء
ȻڿأǱޣҲûԹԵİɣ
ϱһϴ÷ӣź޵ɫ˱ǵ»һС
żһˮ÷Ӷ˹Ǹ˾ˮˡ
½Ӻתһ߲ͷһĥĥǰ£һɳֿ̣һˮ
ССָױˮȥ˳㻹Ҫٴɨһ
Щºûϵһ÷ԣһ߳һ߸ɻ
פʮ·ߵɽ£ԱһС˳㻹һʿıԺҲˡ
ǳԵĶ̲֮⣬ʿǻɽԣº㣬ͦġ
ųãʹ½һ⣺Ϊʲôֱӳأ
Ȼӵȥģζųžʹ򲻿ˡÿŶڹսʼǰȱˣҪܰῪֻҪǱ¶ǵԸ갺һỶӭǽפ
ǽ̣ӲȡΪҾ̣ų˵񲻱פðȫ
ҪԼĵϴ̣ϸ߹˵Ҳ˵ڲ̫һ
졣
սʱÿһũˣÿһ·ߵ̼֣ÿһʿˣŬ֪һϢ
ʲôɵһʲôɫƵİˣֻεĺ̵ʲôεĶ
Щϸ֦ĩڶᱻǱӪǶۺͶ
ˡ
Ųߵľģÿһ갺ģ˶ھණ˵ȻˣҪԶ˹
ٽ˳ǣض³ŵĿܾAıˣʱǱϢǴҪģָô죿
פڳ⣬ϿԻΪΪһԶʱӦΪ˵յգȴҹоɲ
÷еᡣ
һейĹ˷һԣ׼רĵؿԼɳ̣뻹ٺһˮ
ˮֲã
Сŵش˹˹ˡ
Ҫ÷һ磿
û£ڰ֣ҲͦæģûǼӰʲô
𽫾СһҲæأŴ۾۰Ͱ͵ؿֻ޲Ϊǡ
ѾڷˣǸ˲ٻ֪޾˵ȻҵɵĻ٣Ȼ۵㣬Ƚǰ;ȹǡ
СʹеίСڽѧѧ̡
ɳˣ´ʮ߰ꡣ
Ϊʲôѧأ
ˡ
ССֻǾýòi֮ˣ˳ᢣʱȴ
ԽԽС
ȴĽ
Ҷˣ½ЦǺǵ˵̣ȥ÷Ӷ˰ɣҪ̫ҲҪᣬҪģȥ
ɽʱľһ档
һ꣬һ÷ӣҵشоʼж
ײ
֪ôģԶһ롣
˵ЩҲǸüĿСɾ߽Ѱ˸£ٶĽٰ֮飬飿
̧Ƴһۣҷٰ
ɹһôǣĽ֮˺Ҳ
ݶѵǿһ㣬ȷʵ㲻ɾãոպá
һ㣬һ㣬һ㣬곤һŮǾеģЩûʲô塣
ʱ½˰֡
ǿɲǿˣ˵ֻǿеıˡ
ǸСɾѵҲˣ
½һ£΢Ц
ЩӲͬ˵׻ͬġ
һɱİӶû˻࿴һ۵ģŮ
˰սʤӵһ֧СıغƽƽԶһΪɴЩνġݡȡǡ
ʱԱߣЦеزֻ׼Ĳݹӡ
Ȼִ߰Сѹ
ոնԶе߳ŭ˵£
ɵȻ£
ʮǰǾ갰Դˣ˵ܲĲͤ򡣡
½ľأͤʿƺһЩ
Ȼûкɽɫлƺӣһ㣬ΪĻƺ㡣
лƺӣһСǣﻹкöճ⡣
⣬ڣв˶ǣɲҩҩûôʽеģҲҪºһˮ
캵ƺˮλһ㣬ºӵ˾͸ЩӪ⼯ϵҲˡ
ϵǸʿŲʹȥֱӼѰǸ֮Ŀתˡ
ͷϵһµӣȾɶƣޱ²ɵһżˡ
̯ϰæģæһҪ뿪ϵǸʿ᲻ƿ۾ˡ
ˣʵϼҲԶۣǼҾƶЩҪγЩܵǮǲǾܡ
ʿһһĥǵʱŮȻ̧ͷ
͵һġ
ǸŮδǿԶ
תͷȥԽԽİҲͷת˹ȥŹͬһǱϾڵϣòߣҲԶ
Ǹʿﻹɵ뷨ʶתͷȥ뿴ڿʲôϡɫ
תͷȥϸʱ·ͷԽԽġҲԽԽˡ
ͫȻ
ģеϮеϮ
Ϯ


360 
Ԭܵľ,ֻҪ֪⼸İ˵İ
ֻ̽ͷ̽Եһ¡
Ͼ֧ľӶפÿС,Լıʲô⣿
Ȼ,Ȼ,ݾʵ̫,˱Ҳβ,ЩԸͬ,Щöࡪİǵȷûˡ
ϵʿٵ𽹶,Щԡеİվѹ
Ҫˣӣӣ
Щʿˣˣ
̯ϻûľƣﻹڵ⣡ЩݣϯЬ
˵ЩǼҪĶ
еȾˣЩ˻æҵʰ
֧ݾûĵȴЩȫߣֻǵ,Щ׵ǭԭϧ
ʿæҪȥԯţ½㾫޽ӪկԯǵţҪҪһȺʿһ
ڴʱݾдٷʩ
ǰŵʿܣŵĹȴͣס˽Ų
乭,յķ̧⣬·Ҫɱһֽ̫
ͷʱƺǸҫ۵ա
ʱԼŵǵ
ıǲβ,е˼,֧Ƽ׷µسӪկ֮,һʿıݺݵȥһ
ȴûô֧ɹͬ۵ͷɹӲ·ųչĻĵضȥﻹ̼֣ǱŻŵĻǵĽŲ
лмˣͽͶصɣ᲻÷ĶǵϮʱЩٶ۵ǭûŅ̀ͷһա
Ǿ֮ǰƣ˵
ʿǺ⣬ǻڼǰǰ
ԵæŽ£
ϵʿǡˣںҪ
ǰļݱѾþȫеĳìԯǰؾ
ûʹûв;棬սõýȼˣ
Ÿո˲һɣݱȴѾ嵽ǰ
ˣôҲûв
شŵͳռˣҲѾˡ
ֻؿŵоȹյʬ壬˹
ȵı˵ͤʱؾ̹ر˳šǵġԼܵǽϵʱּݾıûҪ죬սҲӲҡ
ЩʿԶһ֮⣬˱úС·ˣһֻֻСϣڼ֦ɵСżܡ
Ǽ֦Ͻð˺̣Ϸ·ܵ˹þ͸оˣεҪԯŴķߡ
ˣҲɹˣ֦ЩСϲһҽԼӳҪӪկΧ
֧ݱȷЩӪʿҪ಻٣عȥҲǻɹġ
վڳǽϣųǶķ򿴹ȥݾչúܿ죬ͬˮһ㣬ʬ·˳ʱˮµʯƬһ㣬˰ϣͬﻹûȴѪһͬСǵĳ¡
ݸоԼҲһ˲侾
ɵˣ
ǣȴŴؾ֮⡪һǧˣڳ£
ݺ˵ʲôԭǸʫˡ
ǳĬ˳ǽ
š
Ż򿪵һ̣ɽȵԡ
Щؿ˿Ŵķתͷλݴ£Ϊʲôµ׼
λƫǸˣӶת׼ӭʱ̲סΪ˵һû
ӴʵǸˡ
ƺΪֻǵػһ䣬ɲլʺ񡣡
ǵʿԬʿסܣβ˵Ե;֪أ
ȿһۣ˵ͷ
ɲ˵ұһ԰ɡ
ºͼˡ
༽ݾ˧Խڶ߻Գ໤ʿǰʱ˫Ȼ˰ٲ֮ࡣ
ʿǳǼһصʬʱǼǱһġ
˫սģ㣬Ҳϡ¡
ЩʿǷˣսЩİռٶմ״ʣҲǸھӡ
ǳʱǹǶݵ˵ӣľ֧ͬһɱ
ȴûǿսλὫĳǵ˽
Ҳûʡ
֮ţǣλԬ֪ƴǰԮȣλس࣡ɱ
ݵͫһ˲ˣ
Ҳдţŵ׿ϸֵȥ
Цһ
ӴִԲ򣬡˵㿴һǰı䣬Ǻι
ȥָָЩʬ壬ֺι罫ڳУԮн֣֮
ʿֿʼ˽
ǸӢĽڼ˵ȥԴǴֽתΪ顣
ҽʾˣһΪ϶ΪԮʿ൱͹λ׷ԬȻй׷ݣλˣҾΣ𽥱ʹļξϣλ˼ǣ
ӪկϿյԽԽŨˣʿդҪºȥӶ԰
դĺ沼̣ԽȥģֻҽУ
Ӫկܼ֮ôãȫΪ޽˼Ž޵ụ̈һʿܣʣµĻط¼ս
żݾƽܵʿԽԽ࣬صԽԽ١
Ҫ˶ãӪկͻᱻƽʿʮһЩڴ˵صݣᱻ֮һ档
ضʲôأ
Ϊ˵ӪկȥݾȲ˵ǾȲȵˣλ˵ģѵԬܻӲ
Щʿԥţĵһ
ûпĬؿһĻ
ǼСҲźһ
ǵ˿ϣҲìܼˡ
Ȼòȣһ佫ӪկҲǶſܾ֮ԥԥͬġλԭһѶϵ˰
˵ǰʱξʿ㶵ؿ֪Щʲô
ݰγЯĳ
Ųһ˲˾飬ĳƱǰһУԵʮ۾ɽϡ
Ӵ갺鱳ԭͬվͬô
ԽԽ
Ǹ΢òƽƽСҲδһ߹ڲĴ磬һ̬Цس
סˡ
Եױеһɱɱ
ǿԻ׽˵ģǸʿ˲
һ˲ף´ʲô;ͬġ
ص˵ͷ
һż۶ķ⶯ʱ֪ʱǵؾٺˡ
սһһԽԽ٣ԽԽ
϶ȥĻƺˮһǻӢѪ
ЩʿڰγĽŲ


361 
ݾ뷶ǵؾһ
Գƽ,Ԭȡʱ֧µıͲϿʼΪս,佮趵ļʱҲһֱᶨλߣˡ
ʮǿԳƵͿ࣬Ҳȷǰսϱ
֧ؾмݣݣܲһս֮,ʱ,ǲսϮš
ܴճһǧ˵ؾ,ǳݺעĴܵսʹ,ǵûжô,Ҳûжô,Щû,Щ׵Ҳû,ֻһì
ǾôȥƾһǻѪ£ƾǶλƽºֳĬ,Ҳȫ硣
Ǿôȥ
ؿһߵĴ,֡
󣬵ڴٲ´תΪһƬƬҽʽ
ԭֻٲǵؾ̤ǰʱҪ̫
ʾ⳵תͷ,ʻо֮ʱ,ֶӵĶڸ
кµǹ˳ֹ,ǹ˻ƺϡ
ͤƬյԭб;ģڴ󺺻û˥ʱƺϵĻͣж
Ƭյʳľϡ˿ͭǮȥ䤱ؿһľͷæµȥЩŶɿڵСʱʱָʹͬϵĴ¼䣬ҪͣʱعЩռ˱˵λá
Ҳ̼ЩԺȣЩͷԣϯЬʿƺĿˡ
ҹͤѣЩжֻ·Ĵͣһͣ
ϵӳŻ⣬ŴδĻƺˮȥ
ǺСЩؾƽҲǱ䣬ôѲʿ
ֻǳۡӶΪһͣҲΪЩ˰ۡ
һ֮ҲĲͤˡ
кʱǵеͣ½ŲãȻ̧ͷա
Ƭյ̾һʬ塣
ܿһ㡣
ڽս֮󣬼ݾоʼʶĲˣӺǸþɳϽӦûʶʲô£̺˱͡
ӹܱλξûʶһ㣬ƽԹײеĵҲֻǻƺһӵֻԼʮ˵ĺӵͷӣԬܵļݾ
ֻƾһǻѪ£ؾһ棬ײ˼ݾߣ˵ڳϣýǼǿʱûʶȱ˳ֵĻ
ֻǼһʸߵһֻСԲܣʶصһ
һ̣ʯСԲܣı۰ͬ˶ݺݵعᴩ
Ѿʻ˸ߵϣλĽȻڳУעǰһƬľ
ǸְξҲѾս
ʿǻڼսֲڵǸһ֣ǵĽţǵ
ǺİΧȦһֻӦѾõúܾˣ⻬ıԵ϶Ѻȱڣ˹տ㲻ϵطţţʺü۵ˣ߾ȫҪȥ÷ڵŭըڹ
ãվǽȴˡ
ԸٿһĻҾ磬ᣬĿƵȵʱλĽѾת˳ͷרעһڹӪı
۾ڰ׷ŨܵĽëһһȣǸרעԵø𣬷ڳϵְֻ޳ɾˡ
ֻģȻãλһɾڿһ飬һλŮɡ
ȺܿĿ⣬ͷת˹
ţ
ᣬոӦʱһº͡
ȴȻ䣬һ˲ϣеʲôͻľߣ
ߵС·̳
һ˲ˣȵ۾ŷĹâʲôˣ
ǱǶŵԮѿڶ
ܣüŃyVڳ£дģл¸Ԯͤ򣿣
쿴
̳ͷС·ϣֳˡšִ죡
оԮˣ

벻Լһ˲ΪʲôЩϲģ̼ٵشҾԶƣ֡
ɱ֮ơ
뵽о죬޷鲼򣬸ô͵õϢ֧Ԯ
һ֧׼ǽӦɺӵضأ
ֻһֺݺݵش˳ϣ
תͷȥһԶԶķǣȥ£̿ǡ
οǣ
Ѿȫº͵Ȼ͸ڲסı䡣
ǣ˳ǳξѷѾī˵ڲţʯ١
սѶԮɱѾȵӪ
ݾ糱ˮȥʱӪлʿڻҵطդҪӵӶ԰ȥ
ǵеȷ˾˹ƺӣ̵ֻܵ˻ƺϰǼԶˡ갡ִ֮ӹȥ˾͸ˡ
ϴˣѪŽĺۼõ·ʪ͸ر̩ɽܵǰЪ˹ش
Ӫկûסػ棡Ǹôźã
ǵûдúԶû֧ʼղ
վڳǽϣ˺ܾãֱϦ£ѪĹƬսϡ
ɼ˳ǣȥΪӴ˵УҰ򣬽

ǽҹͻ֪Ϣ˵Ҳ׼
½֪Ϣʱ΢еµġ
ȥѰˡ
ʱ򣬲ͬвͬķӦͬ뷨˵Ĳ̫ò£ܲ¸ࡣ
ܵӪȥˣӪһƬҰ˻ѱ˾ƣһᣬһڼݡ
ʿǿڣһƣӴӴ㣡
óĵģҪ
׿ɰͰ͵ſ죬ǻӪ𣿡
̧ͷ
ʮһ󺺣޵ϡﻩġ
ұԾģµҲ֪ˣ
׿Ҫ¶˵½ƽʮ֮ʮҪԮ
λ˧סˡ
Ӵˡ˵
֪ͷͤĴӪҲûס
Ӵˣһһ˵ΪҶ
ۺһ˲䱻һǴŭԵˣֻض˵
Ǿ͸䡣
ʮĴ󺺻һҡҡλεվһ;ƶҰ
񽫾־֮ᣬΪƽ˵
ҪǴộ˵Ҳһ
ȥѾˣŵ˱һС
ʶⳡսЩϣ缽ݾʱ˵ͤ򣬶ĺ·λ˧ǸֵоĶ֡
˵ֲǲʶȡ
㷵Ӫկλûʶ˧ΣŸձնʬ찡͸Լܳҹѣ˼ҵҪǳֱһƯ̾ûˣ
صʱڰŪɳ̡
ͤǸӪկûˣӶ԰˸Сģʾ갰Ժܿ͵ˡ
ͷ죬˸Сľȥд˸֡
˳ûͦÿģô
ǰ̧ͷһۣʱ۾
ʶ
ţǰЩӻǣ˵Ҳϲˡ
ƺͦĵģŶ俪ʼ
ΪΣ
Ҳڰ£һ
Դֱﲻһĸо˵Ҳ˵Ļһۿ;³ƵģûʲôֻۣǸרѧʵӡ
ɵ֪Ǿ仰һȤƺЦǲҡ
Զϸ룬ݴôףЩıʿ໥ڦΪȴûȽأ
Ҳ˵Ǹĵشˣ˵ʹҲϲɺǿ˵һ䡣
ĵش˼п֮Ǻģп˵Ǹڶ
²˼󣬺Ȼ뵽һֵ¡
AŃyVˣ˵Զ֪𣿡
ƺһ
ȻǵԬ»ʱģԬܸտʼǻ£ȺݹӣþƸ̨һСһģǲݺͼݵ佫ǶҲͶԱ˴˵ӡ
Ǹʲôˣæʵ
һˡɸĻش
أ
ϵƽתΪһ˿ıɱ
ֵýύˡ
Ļ䣬Ůϱ㸡ֳһ΢Цɺе¡
AǸ·
ҲǸ·
ʱȷʵϾ˼޾ıԣȫıʿǴȻ쵽ԬߵģܿͿڲŵõһĺøС
ܿԼЩɢ뷨
Ϊ
ǵ취˵֮С᲻̡


362 
Ѿܾûˡ
峿Ѿȵúܽʵĳ¿յ,ܹʱһɶĻҳ
ģ̵ĵطָϢ,ʹʬ屻,ѪѾ,Զȥ,ܲǵɫǳһƬƬĺڡ
³ͺˣ·롣
¹֮ЩѾήҰݻѾõĶҲɷϣأҰݳøïʢЩܿⳡսĺۼͻᱻĨȥˡ
ʱҲԷؼˣе԰һҲήҲģ,ȥǰ֧ЩǮ,ȥ˴һھ
Ѿ˰꣬û,оȴԽԽ࡭
ʲôʱܻؼأ
Ǹ,˵ȥӪյĳϴӪʱŷһԵϲã
ѳ
δԶֻʮﴦ
᷼ýһӿ˰,Ž֪񣿡
֪,ػص,֪óʳ˲š
ؿһ۰ϵķʳ
ɺ׵ļ۸ڽǣʣһ׷һˣһ⣬һA㹻ݳޡ
ᷲˣԵò࣬һ̣һ۱һܻҪģ̣̿ȻҪǼеĸܴ͸ˡ
ǲæǰӪУе͸ŮδӪУֻʱԳĿ࡭ⶫƵϳʳˣ
˲֣ȥоʰɣöף÷Ҳ١
ͣԬ֪ģ
Сˡ͡ЦһҼĪ棬˵
ųľӵȷˣûԶǵ·ϣ˺׷
Aȴһ㶼ûȤ
ڰ󣬶ǰĵͼֱסΪֹ
˾Ӫܴ죬۽ʧΪβ׷
ооʱԶ̳ģзAƽ͵˵δ׷
һ˲ƺе£Ϊβǰ飿
˾޽ǰ֮
⻰ܼˣĬһ
ֿڣոǣ˶ڲͤӪկɻ˶·ѶϣҾĽ
߽˼ǣؿˣ㽻ˣ
סˣAԥûпڡ
Aüͷˡ
˵ǣ˵ںűǡ
оʱ½һ㶼ģôȻ˵ˣʱһͿսģʽԾӸ£ܹ۲ǰҸϸڡ
ϵĿ֣Ҳ벻ۡ
˵̫ɹϵĳǿһ⣬±ɹʡ˺ູܶ·ҲͲˡ
е껹ǳĵ׼оʱĳԺȡϴװչĹӣһֱھԱˮԼʱԲʪӡ
ҲС
ܻǡ
ΪҪأ
ڳŵĻֲʲôôǵ취
Ҳû׷ˮߵöͷϼ˺飬Ƕʮˡ
Ƕˣ˵ֻߵѡ
Ϊʲôû׷ͬǾսأ
ձ׼ʱӭһȷϮ·ϵĳ˲һͷ
ȻС½ֻܽձ¡
·С½ƻơ
ǾݾˣȵͤʱٽǺΧ𡣡
ǰľߵúƺƣҲܾܺ±һӦͻ״
ǺľߵҲҾǰʮԶ
ʿǵϿɣ˭Ҳûбо۵
߶ԶԶɳ򣬷̽оʱϸڡ
һˣ٣٣سоͷβԼ೤
оʱǰ٣о٣٣˲Уسǰںжٱͣʲôط
ЩϸڽΪͳ˧ƴճ˶
ƺߵüıᷣԭسмģһƬףвٳ˽ȥּоضУȻЩꢳѴи˳Ѿںˡ
о֮ʱǾƽᶪأװо
ЩУͭǮвн鱦ȴ⣬඼ʿʿĶ
ʹһƽ֣룬ЩҲ÷ָȣѾ˲ͤӪĲһԭ͸µıǣ
ƽϣӺεּһ䡣
˵г㸲С˵һͭǮһο㾡Ҳƣܴôصţ
˵ЩкãΪ˵AԼбأ
СĵؿһۣλȨأûбأ
һ¡
˵ûбʵǲ׼ȷġ
ҲǺӱҳȻҲв˽AƣܲϳԿ˵ʱѷԼıȥѺݡ
κһ·̫ƽˣֻ֧кóԺúȵķݣȻա
֧ѺݵıϮأAǰһʹ͡öЩ˾;档
ԥˣλƣ²ġ
ϵ·һ£ƬԭǳΪĺʪصױڼݾǰ
Ϊʪ˳ïʢö࣬Ŀ⣬ˣڵˮϣҲܼˡ

ݾҲжˣԴ˵ʮϤûд·˹ȥ˳ӵָؿĶԶ̫Ĺԡ
ʹôԶʹô෱ïҰڣ׼ȷؽ˳
һ˲䣬ѽϳɵϼĶˡ
½ߵ겻֪ʲôʱʧˡ
ڻϵų
һҲûӰ쵽ֱ߹Сӣװ˸ɫɣţֻҪ粻̫󣬳Ҳ̫ץһԡ
񽫾ָָѾʼб̫ʮAδ׷
ٵȵȣڳϣԵĹĵģ˵ˡ
ųܸӣƺ˵ʲô
ǵмô
ûģ˵Ҫ֪һŶߵʱָˮƽǸߵģǸ͵ġ
ɵȷA᷵Ŀ֪Ϊʲô˵ʱųɫһס
û˵˶·ĺԶԶ˽
еϮ̽Ϯ
ⳡϮǱźȥģԵʮֵġ˷
ǹϣȵúòĴɢꢳأЩ˾ͳ
ЩҲһּ˼ͷǲҪôأЩ򾪻ʧع·ԵĲݴӹֻҪƤǽӸϻȥǣ
Ⱥ˫Ĺģ˫ۣۻ뼫ˣ
һ̣Ƿܹ˾ʱӣʱ
ǵһϲСݲȵߵһسԱߣƿһӣ
۵ⱦôʱÿץһѣǧ⻪ɣڻģᡭϵЦһȻֹ
·Ե֪ʲôʱʲôطγ˳ƣ
ƫĲһ˲ûзȥЩαװʿǾֵİӡ
ץһ鱦ʱϸʯͷҲٲڣһࡣ
λĹĿ벻ԼѾΣڵϦȫȫΪұթƭ
թ
ȻûдԶ֧ܿAļݾ˽ϢǺܿʹ˴֮С
͵͵ȥAɫ
֪̫ɹһԵʻʲôԼλͬƺ˺ܶࡣ
Aûס૳ˡ
أ
˵Υ˾;棬ȻǼ˵㣬ûԳǰ£ʵرϡ
е˵ľӶѡ
Ϊ˽С˵֮ȥԮǡ
ǧ˽˵Ӿˡ
Ȼǰ壬ϵʱȻһս
Aǲ¿սģֻĪΪԼЩʿеֵ
Ѿ˱˾ľֻҪĵصһȣػҡ
ٵѾԶĴˡ
гλļǣҪǰľʿΪÿһ·߳
ūūᷴ
˧ǲӱܵġ
ĵذͷתһȥʹرۡ
Aʹزòʵ׼֧Ұչһսʱһʲôһس嵽½ߡ
񣡡㿴
Ƕ飡һ˵ϣȻ̴˽п۵
ſϣǸһСٵķ²ɡ
ץʲô
ɺȻּˣһѽǸķ²׵һ½㣬˵
²ϻˮȫŤСԭֻڷ
½㾪ˣһ˲ҲܵɵĿ֡
˵Щеʵ


363 
ƺϰ뱱ܲͬ
Ƿ,һƬƽ̹ĵòϰʮȴ಻ɽ͡һϸߣ͵̩ɽ,ɽ»,˻ɽļˮ
갰޽˼Ӫկзܵľͽˮмɽ¡
ɽԭܵ,Щܺո,ִΪָɽЩС·Ҫ,Բù,ֿ,ܹꢳ
޽Ӫկ̫ڵƤ,ɺˮǵŬЧ,Ϊǻˮ,طһźʱһôȻԵҺܿӪկһ֡
Ӫկǲ̫ľ,ʹһˮϵӪկ,갰Ȼܽ䱸𹥡
ԶЩĲΪӪկڵ⵹Ǻܲ
ڼ,ɽߴ
갰ϣѲ˼޽еӪկ֮,ŻƺӲһ·
뷶ظĻƺϰʱ,½ڰߡ
һȺҲææµµ,мŴӱ,ҪｨһСӪյ֮á
ҲڼҰ½˵
갰ǸĬؿһλαʵļЦĴ󺺱
·갰ô˵
½һλ̩ɽܵ죬һľϸ̵ϸֳ˼顣
λŮɵĳĬ갰ƺҪһЦ̫ǵģɤӣ
˵λݴ㰢⣬Ц֪½ڶžУĻ£Σ
зŮɵݣƺһƷ˿ͬʱҲϵ¶ȡ
֪ڣȫԸ
Ѿλῡʿһ޴ľӪһʿڳУϸؽÿһÿһľϸɸ¼һ飬ʿˣǭף˭Ҳ⡣
ڴ֮űˣʿ֮⣬ܹ
⿳ľھ򺾹½ӪľַϽµľӪ
һƬƬֱɱ޼˽У֦¹ǣľں֦ɹɺɲ񣬰ӪС
ǲصıڳʲôζΪǵоȷڳڻǳ⣬Ƿľ¡
Сǲл˸ոʧȥˡ
ڳĶŴТ£ֹסĿ
ֻЩƺ޷ȵĶ̲סѰˡ
סظУӲõúǼ򵥣裬Ҳ¯
Ьӣ̨ףͷԽصüªʱȴԾش˸սƺһ˲ࡣ
æµдЩʲôͣ˱ʡ
ɲѰң
ӭȥ裬ԸһǺνȥ
ȷԸЩʱȻˣһ㿪ʵ΢Ц
˲ôֻٹڡ˫º͵ۣٵǳɫϸֱա壬ֹԵķⶼһλȸ߻ĺɾ
ߵŮģӵ룬СǣЩ˵ǶȤ̸ʰ
Щ簮ŮĸĸܻԼδŮ᲻λɾĺɫ󵨵Ů˵Ҫ뷽跨Щż²ΪޣֻҪߣҹķޣ˵׼Ҳһ׮¡յĺɾһ󴺷簡
ȲǴ硣
ʲô٬ķ¡
Ϊǵİմģֻս
ɲ
ȵв⣬ЩźĻ̾һ
¡
ǣ΢Ц£ɲ⼸սڳӪУңȴˣ
ֹһҽսǣТ֮ˣ֮С
ϵЦʧˡ
̾һҲˡ
֪£˵Ÿǣ˵ʿһƬģȥؽ긳˰ۡ
һϲ棿
ʿЦñʹթ಻ͬۡ
Ƥڵ佫ض˶Ҵ㡣
޳ǷʵȲѣ˵з²֪½ڶžС
ϢûеȣȻ˵½ģµ͢׷ļͤһһλŮɡ
ھΣֵʵǶŵıδ䱸
ƺסȡ
ֱͶȲ裬һμȥ
˵ݿڸĽֽţƳӡˢ֮˵Ž½Ĺ͡
ûȼҰʲôϵֱʵ׷һ䣬Σ
˿ֽɲ֪񣿡
Ȼ֪ġ˵ͷ
ԭأֽ飬࣬ؿֻأ
ˣǭ׶ܶʶ֣һ̱ø˼ˣ˵Ϲʱ˶˵ıɣ
΢Цſһ˵ͷ
ԣݣ½ѵֵ𣿡
Ȼ
߼Ϊ
λ΢´³佫ȹһ󣬺ܿ뿪ˡ
ǰĲ軹һδɢĶɬλıʿڻް
󺺵Ѿģһʮ伴ʹλսսңҲܸǭ̫ʶֵĻᡣ
ܵ뷽跨뷽跨ػȥ
ڴ֮أ
ǭ׶ܳ٣ǻһʲôأ
·ߵũҲὲЦ֯ĸҲԶӽĸǨĵͯţϣһҡҡλΣһ߶顣
ǲһòδ
Ǹõδںδ
ӱںδ
½ҺǿҪǹ黹ݵһ˽⣬ʮȴһ
߽ʱԭڸдһţҪȰ˵ֹͣڵ
˼һ֮󣬾øӦдһŸա
ؿְ½ѾӱΣյĵˡ
ɫʱӦøձˡ
Ȼ˫ûԾ
ȻѾ̣Ǿôȥɡ
ȰȰ̸ֽ˵ܾáսǿԾܼ㣬ϸѡݲã͵ġ
ųA˵ⳡսﶼһЩȲѵĳɷ֣
Ǻ·ųԭ£ؾͬԵУ
ţAԭǰлԾƵı֧ƣı
ǶòƬҰϿʼս
᷵ʿЩӦҵģԭǱų˵ģҪԭѾ˵Ķžӣȴû뵽С
Щαװʿʱǵʿ̱ˡ
ǵˣǵĺ⣡ΪЩضɢûа취ս
֪ΪʲôЩʿûþȫȴһǵʿ״֮󣬾ֻ𲽵أóìͳǡ
Щ᷵ʶŵľ뽫ǸϵAıǰǸʱǼֱм㣬üӱرϡ
ܵײײ°ĭŲһҲͣЪײ˱ϦǰAı֮С
ǻЪ˹شЩЩ
A̵ؿһۡ
ǶŵľӣҪɢľ
AͬٷԸ˼䣬ܿ㴫ǰʿһͼһݲɢܵȥ
һ֮䣬ͻȻˡ
˵ֻҪܽǰľ֮УѾǰȫˣеȽһ̱˵ϡ
о̴ҪǸϿ쳷ǰִͲôˡǲAͳļݾ᷵˽ݾľָӵöأ
AᷣߵѾƽˣֻǸոʧ̬һĻ̫ÿȻֲڡ
Լλֻñغһ
״СĿڣĲǰսһʱڴˣ񲻿ϧ
yVУƮƮ˵ұ㲻һսˡ
Aȭͷսˡ
δЩ᷵˽γһģ
֪ǲӦһ̣ǰкȻ
ɱˣбʿǰľҲһ˲
Щ᷵Щˣ
Ǹں棬ĺɫ谵δԣһAǰ֮У
Щ˰γͷǶʿһҿ
ǵʵ࣬ʮǰ˻Ϊ֮⣬е
ȥAһ˲붼δ룬ѿڶЩ˾ǣ
᷵ɫһ˲Ͱˣ
A㲻𣿣
λʵ̣ƺܺƢĽȻתͷ׺ݵص
żΪA˵ҽԲػŻˣ
˷ˣ½ڳϣңңԶս
껥࿴˿ϧԶǰ뿪ˣֻӲͷƤȥ
Եúܲ顣
ʲôˣ
СλŮµ˵ͷˣ


364 
ʱֵ,̫ɽʱԽԽҲصԽԽˡ
æµһũ˵Դݵ·Ե﹡һ,ִ̼Ҵææؾ,׼Сűⵣʱһ峿ʱŵЩɶûУ
ˣǾũ˾ֻһüͷҴҿ׼䣬Ŀ̼ȥӰ,һ
û,ǿɾܽһˣһ˫Ьһչޡһ롢һߣ,ԭⲻȥһ˰յ飬βЩ,أ
ԭһʮǮһŵĲϯ,ڻһܲ򵽣ʱ,ϯӿ϶Ǳʣѽ,ǱضЩ覴,ЩǮǺԭؼȥҪǵø߶,αغαأ
̫ûɽϦͣһ׮ڳ·ˣũ˴ҴҵܻؼȥǮ,ֽ̼ⵣ·,ԼҲԱ߰̾,·ϵǿʯӷ
ϯȥؼұҪ˵üˣ߶Ҳûǿȥ
Ҫǳʲô¾ͺˡСֿյС룬Ȼ£ǹǳʲô£
ȫǵϰնĿ࣬ŵûɢ˵Ĵ£Ҹ˶ϲ˵ܷ֯Ҫĸ˴һߴߴûꡪ
Сɶ·ߣһֲű߼ʵİΣһߵȴũǮٴС·ܹʱʯӺȻ
綼ûУʯôԼģ
ɻ˼ʱؿʼ˸
һȺһǰ˹ȥ
˹˺ܾòʶûȥĻҪǼ˻ͷĿɢˣ
죬ҿҲҽУææȥ׷ǼͷʱǸСׯеũ˶˳ŵ۵ķ򡪡
ǷѽҪˣ
λһףüĿĽϣӸµǸúʱһ˲о亹
Ƿ
ǣǣ¡
ǵؾأʵôҽˣ
ͲǺܺûش
λĵһϵλ
ȶõó֣ôã
˳Ϊϼ죬ԭؾǧµ˵ȥ
֮⣬ûбؾˣ
ʵҡҡͷϱŸʮʿ࣬ܽ
ʿ˽
׵Ĳݻ
У꽫ʵɶݣ
ˣ̴Уоʯ
򣿡
ҲУҲУСĵػشʱӽԸ
ˣ꽫ЦҲɱˣҲĳǣЩҹװͬȥǣ
ɫѾȫȥˣѵһֱ֣ϳţʵĳӣ򣬵ꢳǱǣе㲻̫Ը
СЩΨһܹɱвĴڣעʱлȻһĽ
ôѾͳȥˣةվСֹ
ȻأҲСôճǣΣ
ةСزˣվڳſڣһһľ˳ȥ
Ǹݽʿ˸󣬺üĿϵڻĺ⡣֪ǲǻԵʣܾüǴѪġ
ǼȻ֪᷽ߣѸݵ˵˳£ѵ֮ǰûйһɱ
ŨصѪζȻĴ
еطʱةС˵ˡ
Ҫǰѳ˰ɣ
һʲô
ǰѳˣȻ˭Ҳǽо
ޣ㿴СҲ˼˵⻰
ةһüۣèڻµӰˡ
ֹһڳֹˣ
иƽϡ
ةˣΣ
֪ǽ˵оΣɱɱǣΪʧ⼸ʯǰҪѿСֹҿоˣǾ͸ϽдŸҴҵǱҲոʯʳҲѣ
ʱĨƽ˲֪ﶪᷲǰȻҲرգ
ڵоͻȻʯʳ
Ϲ˵ʲôأκ֮ڣһƬְ̩ĵо˭ео
ڼǰҲ죬һ·ķȥһҹɫеĻݵؽ
λѺݶȥĽһǺܸ˵ģ
ǵİռ֧о˴߾֮⣬ƽ޷Ҳܸˣ
֪ôĻ±С£ӦҲܸˣ
ǸɻصУһѱסȫȻ˶ǮĻʱҲǺܸ˵ġ
ҶǴˣαô档
ֻд֮µAܲˡ
֪ϢҲ벻֮һϵпӦ
ֻ᷵ĿָⳡսѾǳǳǳˡ
ⳡսѾǳϲģ
ΪΧǣҲΪԵʣһڴӪ˱вγȫѹʹˣԭҲԴݵŶԾġ
Ϊ᷵ıȫˡ
оûɵǰЩδնɱºõ֮ٳնɱЩ᷵˽ʱоҲѾ
ǵͽܣʿһƣһֻ׵гìġóƵģںһһ㣬Ϊһʿ֧Ԯ
ܸӵĶʶڴţҪʿǱͣĻսУǻǺܿͱˡ
ڵооû³ʱA㲻òоǰս֮С
ѾǾսˡ
ֻΪǧǰһŬң֧о´ݳ
һԵûзӦ
Ϊ̫ѾAˡ
ССؿ̷½
ĺɫŨ뿴սѾЩ̫ˣϸ߹ؽС
ֻ߰ʮױŴ˧Ҫָս¾ˡ
ǿ㣬׿أ
ٿ½½Ĳں
ͬУһɱʱ˵ĶǸȻһ
СһӾˡ
ϻгԵģ˵õȥ
ôУһڿڴ̣
Ỵֲ̄㻤½ЦԾͳԵ㣬Ҫ
ôͲˣ
Сһʱί̲סڣʤ𣿡
Ѿʤˡ
㶼̿˹
񽫾Ժ⣿Щвɱξʤˣ
˾ǰʧAһʤ͸ýоȫѹϣȫһָһƬսǿоסߺ󣬺Ҫ³ģ
СĵؿԼһۡ
׿ϵĽǱһֻŽǵã
СС廥һۣûС
ııˮƽҲܺԼƽۣ
Ļѽˡ
ɫһ̶ʱߵʿȻȻزٽѡͣ֡
Ϊǵ۾ƣҲңȻȻѡͣԼͬߡ
½㿴һתͷȥ
Ѱϸ߹˵һ˵׷ˡ
λŽξˮƽԳϵġ
ʹǰ̣ϡãһϳʧǧAȻάֵȼˣųľм¶ʱ̲Ŭһ
ΧǵңüСĴ۴ǧǧıҴһݣ᷺AۿɼĲˣˡ½ãʱˣҪųðա
СĴչʣǽ˾ȫߵоô
תͷƽ͵صͷ
ѵҲҲʤˡ
۾һ
ǣ
ܲ³ͷ棬ȫߵоۣ
ûбҪ˵ȥ𣿲ĻõԵĹ
ԵǴ˲ٵģЩζ˷ָĸ֮⣬½װ˼ӵĸɹˮɡԼûİˮ
ææµµؽԺóϸĵøɾϸһʳ
леί
ʵӵã롣
еӦһǰ̤ʬɽѪھľ߳һ·̵һˣ
½Сӵ߳ҲǴģ½֪ս
ӵսˣôսģأ
½ƺûвЩίãĿ⡣
ڵопڧ˲ȥǱŽ£㵹ᾫ񣬲ͣܲ£Ƿ׼ġ
ڽֿⳡսʱֹʱλòƽƽҲƽͨŮСнӹһӣͳһöӣݸ׿ҡͷܾ󣬱Լҧһڡ
Ǹӿеᡣ
ⳡսڼ䣬ССһο½üٶһģ


365 
A׷溫,ѹƽӺӼһ·շתսָźһͶԬ,սӻƽ򵽺ɽ,Ӻ˴򵽹趣ԼҲӼСһ·Ϊ˺ӱҪ˵ս鲻㣬ǿ϶ԩ
һ˵ʧԳ˶棬Ҳǿ˵һƽ֣˫ĺʵڣ
Լҵϴ̣ݴͣԶ·ƣ
кԮ,ȴѾϣ
һ,ǲ̫һģôƣһԳΪĶ衣
갺û,о,سҲ֪ûʳ
,΢һ㡣
ڻط´Ӫ·ϣʿǵŻѣ޾ɵߡ
AϣҲޱ,Ŵ,Լƽ,ʧˡ
ûôί̡
ίĴžֻˡ
λһ·ϳĬţȴƿڴ˻ߣЪ˹ҪϱǣҪAǰѣѾҪAףֵһĺżūƾҲܲԼͷϣԺϼڼݻʲôϿɽ
ŭգ;к˼ˮι˵ͣͷ
ֱʿҲڻص˴Ӫ
Aû˯ģ˰̻Ҫºı̫ˡ
ʵҲһ£صԼӪĻԹȲ׼ʱúͬA̯ơ
ȻǷžͽϼӪ
ƿӣ߽ʱһ㾪ȡ
ʰʮ־ţԳƵңϯϷԴ˿ʣֱǽǵ֦Ʋûɢ͵ĳζһ㡣
ȻЩȲϰϰڵһ̱ɢԭӦȵýʡ
ҲȥλصıʿĸͣЩڼеˮƽֻ߲͡
ЩӪʵͦټġ
ţŬ¶һЦ
ؿһۣءߡһ
ȴ֪ηؼ磡
¶˳ԾɫΪΣ
ǶǧԾ¹˴˶Ϊˣииֵܣ᷽ŽţʵǾŃyVУ޶СȴŶܹط
Ƕǳ൨ĵˣȴΪĺͼҵûзأ̾ϢһҲ̫ġ
¶޵飬ҪдŽجĴؾ¹ȥһգЩҾ츾ֵζգ
⽲صϣĵһ
ǲģ쵽׷ʲôһΪʲôģǷֱҪ˫ȥˮ̡
һ뵽ɲø룬ھټAΧǣضҲǣⲻ٣ȴǹͼģζʲô
ζ󲻽йͼҺܻܿдӡ
³ֱ佫ȴԬǼλӶߵģÿÿǣAҲƴǲȥ
һȽ໹Ҫ᷵˶ɱˣ㻹ûܴסᷣЭлһ̶ཬȥ
ڸǮǮ͸ǮɣǮ̯ܽӵĻǳһµĿҲ˰
Ϊ˵ΪºͣҲ˹ͨĸ̽ſ˿ڡ
ʣЩҾ죬ŽҲһʵ֪׼Ϊǧˣ׼Ǯأ
̿ʼ
ֵƣҲˣҲΧˣȥüɹ˵ҲǼѿġ
Ȼʲôͨˣһε£Ҳ˼ԼĴ
Щĸȷ׼һ֣A͸һеġ
뵽ĿºͣҲƽࡣ
߽˵
¶һ㾪ϲǧ򲻱ؿ
ǧǮɡ
ϵľϲסˡ
ǧ򣿡
ʵ˵ģÿʿǧǮҪһǧǮˡ
һǧǮ
ġ
ϢоʱAΪһҹϢ۾¾ʹĺȦ
ҲصˣüͷţǾѵһ֧ȥǲɣ
С꣬ЩĲ˽ˣôοһ䣬yVʵǶˡ
ֻҲAȻͣһ£Тǣôüģȥˣ
죬ҲAУλ˧Ӻˡ
ôˣǮ£
ϡ
Aһ
ϣ룬һֻǮˣֻҪ˻¸
ǧ򡣡˵
оﾲһ
ױѾĵسȥˣǽŷ£ֻ촰һСĵϡ
ʹ㷴⣬ؿAÿһ鼡ⶼֹסĶ
оʴ͸˵벻⣬񶥶˵ļ鲹
;пĿѾЩε͵ơ
ͺ˵ëʣĺȱ˽ǵİ
ôȽ϶˾üǼ˧ơ
ǧ򣿡AڴＷֻȫȻѾ˸ӣһɱƥ򣡡
ɣһѽŵľڳ£ѶϣռʤؽӶȥƣα£
ְףųͷǼһ˿Ѫɫ
Ŵ˿ԶʳĻɢԶǲҶˣ״Ͻ˵Ϊ֮ƣһסᷣһ߾ˣʳӷ˹
ӻҪġ
Ȼǵʵ˵㣬ֻҪһ룬űǸңҲܸһȥûĶˡ
ųڰ갺Ҳڰݳ㣬ǧǮҪǧǿ϶ҪʱİǾƤ£
AҲ뵽Ƿŭֽǵ¶һ˿ǿ΢Ц
ǵſˡ
µʬѾ˲٣Ȼŵ̱ǵĸζ
߽УһƬ
˳ŴΪʯľĹ¶һЩۼ⣬ǳؿʮָɾƽ͡
ǶЩû¶־ľɫ෴Ǽ֧Ԯʱݣǵ϶¶ϲɫ
ǻһ쳹ǳأ
ǵԮǵʳ
Щʳ޳ɷģ۸ڵ˺ҲǮزȥһϡȡ
ЩʵЩļͥһɷӳԣʹԣĸɷ̲ˣ͹Ե㣬Ҫһڵ׷ϣ찡
½ϣоƮƮƻõġ
ôʳˣ
죬Ѿˡ
ǵûͦġ
Ȼһ˵ÿһ仰жǵһˡ
컹ͦġ
һûסһ䣺
ôʳˣ
ɴӷвʯʳһѸʳһţƣòԶ·ĺԲƣһԶ˻
ĿظУѵõƮ˴ѵ
ԭ·ţ;ģλ̫غЩȻλݡ
ԴΪش˿ʿһţʲôпԬ޺â֮˽֮ƣп֮ѹţӽΪ֮ʿƣ
֮ʿ갺Ц˸λۣ
ųǫһ£ֳоȻԴ֮ģȴţǼͤұнأ
갺ĿתƵϡ
ͤ£ЦշһĽʱˡ
½еض˿
ĺܸߴ󣬵ݵùˣ˾ԵЩ㲣Ҳ޷ڸסѮ䡣
Ȼһλ൱ڵӡ־ϸҲֿ갺ϣ˾˼֮صӢִһֳӵ
Ǹ룡޼þͺܺÿ
´һе̾ʹҲ˵Ĵţû뵽㳤ôÿ
ƻͨĿظͻȻһ¡
갺ЩԾüģ
ܳϿҵصͷʹ׶ܺÿ
λҲ̲סЦ
ΪⳡĳߣһԿƽˡ
ʱ۾ֹס갺ĺ
ȷʵף룬ҲûɶرģΪɶϲأ
̫ʷҲװǱˣ
ױ꣬ôԼİ
ǰζһ˱ǣɾǾȥԷض갺ĵĺӿ
ʹųֵܿˣҲֶ˼ۡ
˺ܾã갺ĺ״μסԼʲôĺ󣬲Ŀ½һۡ
Ǹţ⣬þͺۡ
ר־سԼĿ⣬żһƬҶӽ壬żһھ۾ƣԵּֿҲû
ɶ
Ȼڿ갺֮½ڽû࿴һۡ
ȫȫⶼԡ
ֻҪһԶģ֪ضٿ⣬û˵ġ
ɷˡ
ָоеȻ


366 
ǽû
û,ΪףԮǣڼ·ϵѡ
Ůٳﷻһʼ·
һǳԳ,Ͼʳ̼˼£ںףһ٣϶΢е㲻Ӧаһ
һǾϸĸˣһֵл,̽ԼҵĵϨ,߻ϯӣھӼ˵Ľðֱ,Żһ,һ߿֣һĶ,ֻҪһ·ûֻӣԷҲİɣ
ʣһ̼,ȻԮ,ˣҲˣǲ˳ҲӼõǮ,ǣǰ۱ȥһ庢ӣ
УؼЩʿۣ
Щʿ˼ʤ,ڴĹĵ,ĳ,СûԹۻ,ζһУѽ
һҹ֮·ˣ׳־׼øƷͷЩ;ٿڴһͭ壬ԲΧǵľ
Ƕҹ·Ԫһ֣ʹΪϧʳԵʣѽ˾ƣ˵϶һ΢ɡ
Ƕˡ
½Ҳĸо
ⳡսҪʿͷ棬ȻǼ£ⰾ϶ûиɱûʱⰾζ˯Ҳû˯
ڳԹֶ˵ʱܼرһӡ
С黨ûĺóԡ
飬תһģĵģζͦҧһڣһˮ˳ȥԭѾθʱҲûʲôܲסĸо
Ϊȡƾֽ߻һϯԡǲࡱ̱ڽһ߳Եģһ߼װ˵
갺еԻĿֵֿۣܺۡ
ʶƽʱȷ״̬ģҲȻˡ
ǵĩʱ·Ŷ൱ӳԣЩҲĲʲôʻ⡣
갺һôģ˶ٿ࣬˶ǷҪ̸һ̸ģ̸Ҳû̸ʲô
ȻһĶֵһôģŶԭԶ͵ն˧ȻӢ۳꣬
ЩɶƽĻĹȥ֮󣬽ĻͲ̫ˡ
ֵܾã갺黹Ǹóðգʹİһ𳷡
ȥ깫ףԬںӱ֮޵֣͵ڴˣ
ʱԸ񣬶Ϊһأǧʯ֮»ȴΪش˺˺񣬡갺˵Գܣ
ҳĬһ£̾
ƺһͬ
Ҳںˮ
ҲеڿʣǶӣཹһ¡
һ˵ˡ
ʹ壬˵տأܾݴ˳ǣԬܣвܲ٣ѱð
ֲˡ
ۼӶˣײеû
죬˵еJʱųĿתˡ
Ȼɣ㣬갺顣
񽫾ųˣô
ҡԥһ£Ɑӵˮ𣿡
Ǵ󺺵Ľⲻ١
صסĲġ
갺Ĺ˴꣬ȷʵǺܲˣҪԬܱһȻԶԶ
ҾʿӦǨߣ˵ȻǴ󺺵ĽҲǰ
ųɫһϲ갺ɫһ
ͤҲΪ¸ó𣿡
ҡҡͷ˵գЩ棬ʹǳǡ
갺һͤ˵
ʹλŹԮʵҪһʲôĽأ
갺ȣΪԼΪ˶
סס
ųӦҲӶ޵ػӦ
񽫾ǵĳ𣿡нڴˣʲôƴ˳ǣ
Ƶһƨĵˣ
ǵñһ䣬ƾһ֮סǡ
Ի£ۣͬ
һҡҡͷ׿ʱɼ۰׹ô
ϵĺһ˲ͱˡ
ȻǼġ
סҪܶˣƽ˵ǵˣ㲻ʲôǧؾҲ㲻ʲô
ҹƺʱֹһڵҲҡҷÿ˵ϡ
սʱƮ٬Ŀֽϱȥ˷ܵĳҲȥ
ǵǣɫҲԵò԰ףһжóضʵ
ʿǿԿյģ΢Цǲܡ
ߡ갺üĪA
⡣
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갺һûƺȣǹܹġ
A÷
ˮлƺӣʿ̼¾Ʋǲѵģεʮ־ϸڣܼʱAȴֻһۡ
žŻô
ױɫСĵǽˣУξʱлرɡ
Aͷ࣬ڰʾȥ
⼸Ϣͬʱڵĳһ㣬ͲסĴ˳ھӪꡣ
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AͬǺȾʱҲ˲ٹ½ЦǸŮӣδ䣬˵Ǹݺڡȣݣyan ǵŮ
˵ӷ׷׷ּţضǸ޵Ů˵߻꣬ҹҹҪ̷ֱޱȣ
˵븡ͽ壬ҲǸˣÿδʤ̶ҪСĸģǧСģ
Ⱥ³Ҳĵ׵Ϲ˵һ֮˴ЩҰĵսϡ
Aǵúᵽ½սʱЩᱡְЦݽʧˡ
Щ۾ӵȻǾأ佫ǵ˷ܡ
һգ˵һգһսָ£˭ǵ
սϽֵ֣ý֮ƽһ£
AڷԼĻˡ
Դһʱҹշת࣬޷˯зĥоսʱһֿ½ֱʡ
ⶫǲǣ
Բƻǲǣ
᷵Ĳǰǲǣ
룬ԽԽľ½ᷲ˽ȥ
˼ܣֶζ
Ӧһ԰׶ŮˣΪʤֶΣ˲
½֪ĵС
԰޷Ụأʮֿ͡˵Ŀģпܱһĺ
갺Ϊ갺ƽȴԸ⸰𣡺֮ң֮壡
ܴһ
A뵽ȻԼһڡ
δսӣεȶŮ̬
½oǺҲеرʳֻҪҶڳºһģ
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᷵ĲݵξͱAǧȥ
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Ӫһʿ˵Щ˶Χսزٵģ˾ҲʮֿɹۡÿҪԵԼʯʳ
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AһƾƣȥһƬʱһƵģȵУξˡ
ͷǺټϸ·ʱõĻңཬʣ˵û᷵ķԸʳģ
Aһ᷵ķԸݽҾ㱸ˣķԸ
ˣǰһҽǣֶúܽʲôǣС˵Ľæϻرţ
·һشݺݵAǻ
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ϣˣA룬ϣˣΪǳڣΪҲһٸ취ס߾
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AĿһҲûָŮֻضǸĴѰ·ᷣǰ֣
ļ̵ɫһ죬δһʤȴ㣡
粻ҪӪʿǶ磬ԬҲʹ
ŮҴææܳӪʣҲڽ´ˣ⻰һ
һƬ൨ģԬ
ᷣǵľô£
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㶪˾ͷϵһرų㶪˾ȴ֮ң
Aɫ¼ˣסһ㣬һ㶪˾˭ˣ
ɷʵסᷣ㡱⼸ֲһҪѿڶ
Ͼ׷ԬѾãǺӱҳ۽Ҳ㣬Ҳ׳һλӢۺܣΣͷȻ侲
ʱ̣ھоסAˣǱסʤڴһˣ룬ܱAѹ
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ôҵԼ˺Ƥ
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ɱҵĲ㲻ҹˣңʲôãЦŃyVҲ㣬ֵǰҿһ׷Ѿõӣū
һ仰˵еˣʵ˵ʱҲһڣð滰
עѾڴ˴ˡ
Aγ彣һͱ᷵Ŀڡ


367 
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֮ǰƬ,λļڸвAȻһͱؿ֮һ˲ֻ˺ļ
߳Ѫĭ,Ҫһ²,صȥĿЦģ,һͷ⤡
Ǳؿڰγʱ,һһɵѪӿ,ʱߣA㱻һ
泯ʵ,Ѫ̾ͽǳϯʪˡ
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ײײԼЩѣһ߾ˡ
ϴһƷ·ϽѪһ,ö,̫Ѩͻͻ,³,²
ոպȽȥľ,Щľ,ҲǰѪŻĻ棬ˡ
ˡ
ƾһʱ֮ɱˣѪ͸齣͸̺ˡ
Aɱܶˡ
ԭǸϲѧŸĺʿӣûлƽ֮ңҲûʲôһú趼¾ѧʿǵķɣֻڼΪһСôججһӡ
ƽˣӦļַƽʱţϾҲǭǿ࣬˼λͬ繦ܵտһ·սֵ˺ۣξ˾
ʱʼɱʮˣǵԼɱĵһ˸߰ݣǵ˵ݣ֮Щƽ²ɽݱɱɱһ
Ȼ佫ζʡɱ˾ְЩʲôˣʲôѧʲôʲô޶СûΪҹҹAȫȻں
ǰ˲һ
ļලģʿǷϸִΪϻȡʤ
ļɱˣȻ˵ΪԵؾǰʧУԹԣںдһƪɳÿһġ
뵽AһЩϣɣ
ӪſڴŲʱԼ޹˧ǲشһ£ʵǱȾѪĽ
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AսݣΪ󣬽Ըʹδ󡪡
ڼм䣬ʵǱȲ갺ָ߸ӵģҲ͸Ĳۣɵؿ֡
AȻͶˣ
ϽϽȵ˵仰Ǳʾ֪ҪҾϴˢЬҲŽŴӳﱼӭ
ϲ£ٴһ̣ģ
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Ǹݵˣ
û׼óóȻ˵Ǻٵģ
ڣ˫Ŀһ
Īش˸սЩĿֱˣˣСڶ˵˵ġ
񽫾ȥų
ͤ⣿갺顣
ŰϽǰ㡣
һƬСУֻһ飬һ첲͸ˣ
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֪˵رȣرϿңرƯĻλо˧õοӶĴ󵨵ͶԼһ
ЩҲ˵Ϊʲô˵
þɳļͤ½˿̺Ȼеرί˶ˡ
һԣȻ
ŽҵüŽͤжöˣ


368 
ӳſڵڵ·,ߵþеΡ
Ŭ˵,ŬװԼѾΪһ塣
Aһͬ갺һûһ,һ⿴һڵľ
ſڵظ·ѾϹ,ʱճ,갺Ϊ˲Ụ̋˵סǴӴ͵͵̽ͷ,Ŀ⡣
ǿеݣɫȻǲԷġ
һĻAоЩ,ο,ᡣ
ο½ǲȱ,ȻǵİգȲȱôҪҲЩ
Aܾ,ЩͷӶ̽ͷ̽,ָָİǣԵ
,Ծͳ԰ɡ
ҵֽĿתǸڵӰϡ
ڳϣһҲǶڳһ㡣
ÿÿ·һҿƷԴͲԾظתһ¡
ǿʲôأ׽,,Ҳͬ,ȥЩʱδŵ·̯
Aһֹһ涢½ıӰԻˡ
ӱЩ佫ǿͬλͤȲΣҲŮ
A֮ǰճģҲͬɫ԰ףòԴɿ̵ĸˡ
Դǣ˼Ͷ˵ЩοĻʱĿİʹ˼־ȣʱûףٿΧ˷׷׿ʱظ飬Aˡ
̫ˡ
ЩЦĴ³佫Ҳ벻½һˡ
ǵУԲбԻ޼ɵһӲܵõȨçһѾʥ͵׺ǲҪӵܺ;ѧʿ֮ӵиߵ
ô˵϶ǲ򵥵ġ
·һҹŵĿƺڰ⽴׼ǳݹȥ¿Ӫҵģ⽴ϢƮ˳ǰĴϡ
AûʲôоѾʳ֪ζˣζԲȥ·һС⽴
½̾ͽͷתȥˣһֲֻԾطڳϣŲǸ򿴡
˿һ¡
λŮֽͷתˣͷһۡ
ûԷЦŽһ£̫ˡ
˴ؿһ£½ɫ̾ͱˡ
ȻҲ˵Ĳʱ򣬡ε˵ʲôʱҶܻӭġ
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A˿ֿ˿ų갺飬ÿһ˵϶һģ˲ٶ࿴һ۵ɫ
½ߵɵתͷˬʵЦһ
ǼҿḸഫĴعȥſţ⽴ȷζŽݣұϲʤ˵˳ܵûԸн֮
Aˡ
λպսƹʿ뺫ױȼŮǴĲῴϣῴɫʲô˵ʲô˵Ļò˭Ҳû취
սϾսȴǸֱŮɡ
кιҵԶޣ΢Ц˵мͤڴˣ񲯶ִɸߣҲ
ͬе갺ųֵ̽˻갺ΪΪָڸ羰
½ոǰĹάһҲûҪѻ˼
һűȿ޻ѿЦʾĻˡ
Улл
˳ʳζĴ߹ȥˡ
ʿǲǰУ潥е̿ŵе
ķңżҲʹԼעתƵʲôϡ
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ΪʲôͶ
ΪʲôͶ
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Aô磬͸ûԷˡ
ã˿ظԱ߳Աġ
ȣŮǴҴҵһƷڶˮԼһЩζķϡƻûУŽû죬ǺϸִС
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˵갺λȷˣڿλ֧ȷǮģ⼸λʹ״һҲ
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ڴϯ֮̿ʼŽѩҹɽ飬AúרעҲרע
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Ԭ谮ӣֳΪԬӣΪֵܹ⣬ȴǽ֮ˣ̾Ԭв֪ıʿ֮ڣƵԣA̾Aһ򣬲뵽ܴǣ
ԬϳףΪȡ֮
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ֻװˮᱭ£ԵŮɷһ̾Ϣ
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Щǻﷴײ½ĿʱAסˡ
½һˡ
֮ǰûʲô𣬻һԱ˷֮ʾ뵡ģ
ƺڿЦƺֻǰע
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ʱֵգ½Ŀȴͬǧѩԭ־䣬ż˷ϯѩ⵶һιƤƤ
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߲㽫ֻģˣ͸ˣٻĳ
вľȴǣǵкܶʮ궼ʿһġ
ҪЩд֧ζʲô
оݵģֱúˣŽȰһȰǰɡ


369 
ͬ·һ仰,AҴ뿪˿ظͬױһȥˡ
ȻǰҲ˵ˣҪȥһ±,ȻʽͶ
ʱҲҪȫ,͵ʱ½Ů,̫ʺ֮,λ޲ģ֣ȵ÷·һ,ַ·
ŽҲһ·̳Զ֮⼸λ罻츳Ĵ̿ʼˡ
ŃyVĶȥ
Ǿ˺ֹǧغ,صĿؿάũ˻,ٳһݹAо,ǲǡ
罫ڴ˴ͬضΣ
ţС
˻࿴һ,϶вɫ
תͷɡ
Цеؿ
ɵġ˵ʲôҶöԡʲôҶкá΢ЦһȻЦ
һҲԾ,ɸһ·룬ӳܵ,Ӽܵϣʲôûʲô֪A̸еǵڲݹͲܡ
񽫾ѵŃyVǷСˣ
,Ӧһ,Ҳδ,ֻǲɲˡ
ų˼һˣȥȡǿɷ񣿡
ҲУפطǵǸԴǵˣ˵ۿɶˡ
ˣ֪ʱ
ڰ֣ͤصģȰAˡ
˵ɱԾǰһ
о鰡
ЩҪģСȥAӪ⿴һ˵̻ر
갺鿴㣬㿴ųų˼
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ȻЦеأ˵ͷ
̫ԽԽˣǵ¶ҲԽԽߣĸϢ˳·ʵʵɫһ㣬һŻɫı
ŨҵĳԭӦֻеģƬɢˡ
AܾճճϣˣѰ϶ػص˳żƬ꣬˿£Ƥϡ
ԭӦϴģϴ轫ɳζȥԯΪʱAȻʱͷ
һҲУ룬ˮˮλ½ˣˮҲˣһҪԡһεģʿΪˮ
yVˣ
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λб䣿᷵ĲѱɱʮױȻѾˣ赭дȻû˸ȥģ˶֪˲ַĴ£±ǽˡ
AȴûѪɫϣƺͻȻһɣТǣ֪׵ģǻһҪ졣
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ȣʿһһϢʱ䣬ǿڱ죬͵͵ضĵʲôֻ߸ɴһŲϯ˯һ
ʱվ濴ԯŵʿԵر࣬ڵAıվһʱǸмģУξǼҲûжʡ
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½ʱ˼ؿAһ˼˵ͷ
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ǸˣȻ֪ؽϲ޶˶Խ֣Լ
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ԥѾ׵⵽ʿɺ̫ʷڲ࣬ԼҲǲĶͣʲôֵǵأ
һ߽⣬۾ǼЩۣתĿ⡣
λǰҪ̣ؿˣҵδ֮ҵֻɣòþλδλΣ
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ģʬδȴ˶Ȩ֮ġ
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Щվһߣǹһأ
ųǣ˳ȺӷЩ¶˱ɱʹɫˡ
߽ŨضҵĽɫâ֮С
гˣ
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ױܽʱΪֵģϾ˴죬еϢˣΪӦҲ֣ܿȴû뵽Ρ
ʱ񼸺Ǿֵͷϵĺˮ۳ϪɫҰ׵˶һ㣬һ˲סĲӣߵȫˡ
С̾ͽˣ
ͻȻʼڴڵش˵Щ촽ҲûУ˵
δʱչAӪбС˵Ѿˣ
죬ƺ˵ʲô
ã֪ˡ˵
ЩԸͶļˣЩУξ˾ܣЩȷʾԵģûȷԣȴ¶˷ɫģЩԬܵģЩҪҵģ
̫ɽ֮ǶᱻװСƳ˳ӪȥӽʯӸ
AһЩЩҲͷ­£ԬܾͲ֪ĸҳĸӡ
ʾA¡
ҪȷAľв˶ҡģΣ죬Ϊҳ϶δĳһΪһ
ⳡϴǱҪģ½롣
ؽ˵ףرɱҪAͶʱЩȫ
ǲģ
ǸɱԼͬ۵ģģAѣ
л㱵ػӣ﷭һֻϻӡ
ϻĶϽ֪ʶһҲԵ
ȥ⼣ҲûУ·ʱڵȴ
Ѿźܾˡ
ܲľƺȻע
οˡ
ǱþõسĬš


370 
ڶ峿,AʲͶ
Ͷʽ÷ǳйŵʽУA͸Т֪ڹײ
˵һн/ʿײͨͶװ,ТΪ˥cui һdie,ŹײĵΪС鴣chen 
ǹ,Ǿ͵ùŰǣһ赡žͺǾ
²ʿһ׵ԢҲǣҴ򲻹ˣͶˣұֳҵıߣҿɲ,㿴ҰɥײɶĶ׼,㰮զզء
ٿǵͶԭһ˵ϧ,پеڲġ
AȻͶ÷ǳʽУǲܴ˰÷Ͻ,ÿϽ,ҶǴųֵҳʹģⲻͶв
ӪҪŽȥһЩ٣һߵױһɵĲݾ٣ų
A,,Ӧһ»
ʿߵؿ,Щ￴ĵط,ͷӶ
ǻܻؼ
϶ܻذŽ˵ֻʱȥط΢Զһ㣬϶ġ
ĻǲҪԬΪУ
Ž˵ԬȻң棬Ǿ˵ˡ
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AľӪϹȴǼݵĳ򣬶һ
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һ·УѡһС··ũ䣬деĴ֣ٵ·ҲҪ֮˶ֻſϣֹߵ֦ʱָǰµ
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ɴף߰ѪƺѾ˼ƬǾԵüˡ
ûʲô
еǳԾģǰ·һˡ
ͷ࣬۾ΧذȥԵòʮ궼ֹ
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º
Ծˣ۾¶ȡ
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ͤӦ


371 
ִ١ǲ̵ֻĳڶ,Ƶһ׮µĴ£ԴͷһΪ֮ĳСׯϴ峤һͷ
Ǹũס,ܲפصԼʮĹųԼʮ,мĻش⸽սԬܲ١㷽ҵǳ,,˿СӻŬ
ϴ峤Ǹ,֪ôŪЩ,Ҳ֪ôôһ,е˷ӣʳ˿ʱָȫŮһ˴ܣʿǰʱ,ҲþȫǷܹȥ
ľǰҲа취¸ЩС,һֻ,һָĴӿܵĲΪһʳ
⼸̴ȥ,ľӹ˷˺Ӿͽùˡ
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ȥ꣬ǰδеһ꣬⣬Դӽٵһǿ׳Ů˵ӣѸҲѡһʵĺӵŮδýȴҲʮ֮ߵĴӺܿͻҲʢ
ʱ˿ųͷŮһ첹żĺӵ·һϣһƽ˳졢յ꾰
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Ǽʦ񣬼һЩΪŵ׵йصo
Ǹ˵׵С½˸ˣعһֻͷֻΪŵʱڶս½ܸǧ֮򼸸ףһꡣ
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ĹϵһֱЩ䵭ġ
ӹϵ䵭ԭкܶ࣬ǰĴ峤ˮЩӬͷС¸٣ǽĻЩĻЩûסھǵġ
ǵȻĶ࣬ЩСͤĹϵҲȻʤһһֱֱһΡ
Ҳһ꣬ҲԱһηҲ֪׷ʲôҶƤݸ֮ཫƤĸоˡ
ָоǵ±һǿ׳ˣǾ͸ĺ
ڣЩǿǴʿһСһֽŴֲڣɫڵũҪǵˮԴǵأ»صڰȥ
ֻˮӵߣʹˣӵʱʣǵˮҲũˣ
սҼ䣬˱ǵھӸ࣬ﶨӵҲ࣬Щ˵лвǶйʱɢˣԭͱԬ˳ܵı˸뺷䡣
̸УҪá˵һ˵ķʽˮ⣬ܾˣвҪѰ⡣
ǹҲ֪ν⡣
ﳤͤûܽӵˣҪϱʱֲַ֪ñ˭
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شκһسԷũЦһ
ǿԵȣũʱҲԵ𣡡
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ǵߵڴ·֪һȶ֣֮ǽ˸ףͱ֮е
ȻֻũˣܹӪĲȴǾɽģűȻȲλС½µ׿Щô˳˶̹ͷ£ںǰ׳Уӵϴ峤ҵؿʼ֮ս
һʤڶʤҲʤϴ峤ѰԼһıֵǣ˰ʮˣһֿ
ⳡստʼĳǶЦ·ʱҪͣһţЩñͷѪ̡
ûãЩЦˡ
ⳡսӷչɼӣּչ˸ʮ֮ĴҶǻٿԷأҽ˵һͷ⣬ԽԽ࣬ҲԽԽѪȡ
ⳡ嶷ںŵʿǶԶ˼鼫ˣȷʵôΪˮԴսأô˸ԸΪһȥأ
˫עˡ
Ҫֹⳡǧֶ̤֮Է֮С
ЩСﳤдеˣǶ˭Ļ˭ˣ
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ͱ̬Ҫǣ
ⱻܲٺıʿǷĥоֱٽֹе׼͵Ϯǣõ˴𰸡
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ܲڷȷϱԬıڶİˣ
󿤲ʧʧݾͳױԥ졢ΧˣȻĺѽߵıߣҲзģҪ²ܵ۲ǣôܲٿ¶ĽԼȫӮⳡǱս
ܲ½Ҳ֪ԭǿס˵ģزĺϾмҪĺϡ
ͨ˵һ˽ЩǺ£ܲپһǳǳˡ
ĺȻûľĳЩʱҲǺСĵġ
صκһ䣺
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벻еԴıֻԴһͷˮľĺҲ벻Լһ仰ӡ


372 
ĺһ,ʵֻСĽԵʣҪЩʲô
ǲܲ٣Ҳ׼ӵ۲Ǻɱ,λۿƷõģɱҲǳס
ԭĺľ࣬ǷıεĴ֮̽,뷨һʱһ,λĺҵĴ󽫿ֻʣ±ɱˡ
Ϊ˻ججֻƾһʱ֮,ʧʧ޸ƮƼ,ȻȻ¹䳬Ⱥ,Ѿľûʲôɱֻᾪ,޶˶ЩȻѣ絽۲,Ⱥݽɱ,ı
뷨κıϡ
Ψһ֮ڣκûȵ۲ǡ
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ܲٱ׼ˡ
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ûѰԼòŪ飬ȻǲܹѾȲҪˣ
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ﾲġ
Լ˵⻰̫ơ
Ȼ͵ܵļ檣Ϊʲô͵أ
ǣֻİ檣뽫ҲͰˡӰΪһ·벻йԹ԰
һ࣬һ죬һ·͸źڣ˶͸ɱ˵ơ
κ͵͵ؿ˺ȼۣ˵ء
Ȼ͵վȥɱǸˣ
κ󾪣ɣ
βɣ
ɱ֪ܲκҪҪ
ȳһ󣬡Ϊһ˶Ǩŭң
ɱ׿κ˵ҲֻΪһ˰ˣ
ȻˣУһҵľͨͨɢ¸⽥ȴɫȴԽԽĺȡ
˷ұʵ壡˵ұҲٱװˣ
κе⣬뿪ʱȺȻתͷĿ̫ˣһ亹
ѵȾʶƴ˼ƣ
ʶԼ֮ƣκ룬ǾͲòɱС
Ƚʵ
Ñ֣Сܲ
κϲ
ô
мǲֵܶġ
ݵж·߲Ǵ۲һߣҪһһĳȥ
֮ӾͿǰʰõķϢʱҪϾǻʵ۵ۼʷˮҲǱȲһƽƽľݵġ
ڳʱǲֵܶģֻҹиһؾֲţҲӲȥ׻¡
ҪŴ˳ǣפԭҰϣѡһ߷Ż죬ʱĴŻ𣬴ĸ֪еˣضǱɴˣ
ĲݵԭҰ￴żžֻҹ֮ͻȻ
вݳ棬ҹݺ^ˮлž
֮ҲֵҹȥȥйŮż֣һλܸȣֻǹŮռһλӢİҪҹ˾ܳԳ
ƬԭҰϵoҹ¿ȥС
ꢳЩ˼׵ķ£ڲʿݾڶݾȦ佫ǵ񣬹ǵ񣬹ǵȦǹ䡢ŮŵҲǷܵģӵľ
ҹһԭӦꢳԣӵʿĴӪˡ
ǲظǵĶͳ΢ĻǰǰǺȾϸѡʿ·ʱŵӣȥ
߹ʱҲŵӣȥ
аҹʵСŮһĻһ̲˾֣۾ſ죬Ҫ³ʱȴԼѾ־ȡһʱ
ҪģΪӪأӪԭİ
ǱԤͲҪͲҪڱĹ
Щﻹ͸źЦݣҹȴģ
ҵشϢţҪԤʱѾ˿
ǸսĲϱŮѾǣʮ⣬ϱһҲš
ӱγһì׼֮󣬺ݺݵ˹ȥ
ϧһ롣
ǸìȻ׼ȷعᴩ˹Ůţ֮ǰѾһ춯صļУ
˸Ƭ񣬴Ҵ˹һܣһкǴӺҹ֮ܳıԽԽ࣬ҲԽԽ
üͷѾ˳ˣ
ڷŭ֮ǲηġȻη˳Ϊгɫ֮ʱ˳ȴ·һ㣬ţɫ䱻֮ȨʱҲֻǰ赲Ȼܵɿ־壡
ȷظԼ˳Ҳûʲôֵþµġ
ҲˣҲˣҲԱܣ
佫ͷϵŷͷһһ·ͩ͵񡪡
Ż𣡷Ż𣡡
Ӫʱ
Ҳûҹúˡ
ĺ
ĺоѣŲݾʱϣ㶵ض񶥶ֻͲиҹۻ֯һ̫ʱҪҵ֩롣
ףĲףôв佫أ


373 
Ǵоѵġ
ԭ˯ú,ߵŮ˯ʱŮȥ,Ҳ
о,ǸĹŮԶ
Դʮǰɱ˶֮ʦͨȻȻѧֱ죺ʹ,ҲֱóѪȵϢ,ཻԼսζ
ζŨҵʱͷϾð˺顣
齣һ,ٴϲѥףٽ彣ϵĴ̶䣬ͷꪣ߳ȥ
£۾ʵ,δң
ʵǲ֪ױŻŵܳȥ,һܻ,ƴ󣡽
δƴ,ôȷأ
ҹϮĵط,ʿǶ˯м䲻ս,Ǹ޷жϵ,жˣ
ǻ,Ѫȼյ񣬵ڿ޺ܡоȻлź͹Ů
ͷƤȻըˣ
뵽ӣҲ뵽˵˵ĿġҪɱٽٳӵģ
ĺɵģ
뵽˵ˣҲĹǡ
ȥȺκ˼ױٽҪǲĺ򱱣ʮİغϣ
ǣױææʵУǿҪȥ߽һѡ
ҡҷϵɫѵһ˿ᡣ
߲ѷ૵κӪǣ
ҹҲ
ӵһ࣬һĺסŻʺλСӡ
΢֮Ůʰ
ȥȡЩɣװȡǣװҲ͹ˣбõЬӣȫó
ŮæҵΪʰ鱦ϻʱеҲ̲סһĵֻǶ鱴ϻ
żλһأ΢ĵı⡣
ˣŮһǹ˵ױƣ
ҪЩʳ㴩
Ի¸ˡ
ͷ˹ȥҲͣԼҲ̱߳
ԶĻ⻹δǰɱѾ
ʵ̫ϤƺԴ˳ʱʱƶԡ
ǳĶļ֮ҹҹ
Ҫˣ룬̽⣬ѽݵؽ磬ϲʲô۵ɱӡ
ŻҪôͼذݾĿȻǲĸףҪôǲݾڲͽĿĸ֮⣬еڶˣ
ĸףĸף
վĿյϣȴӳʣȴ̲סز
ҹҹеԽԽˣ
һѪӰϣô˹ܵĻź͹Ůǵľ
һףԶԶڻӳԵøĿϣսŲּ죬ҹӳѤõһ⣬·һ㡣
ڻʵȺӪ֮⣬ȻһȺһԭϾһĺصصݾǽɡӡõĳΧסȦ⡣
Ͼλ׽ݾȴָ̳ǰҪס
Ǹͣģһܽһܵݲͣͨ
λûͣһѵõĿյǰһ
սܵԽԽ죬ֻʮ·ܳһ磡еĳҲһ磬ݱ缲絴Ӿһ㵴֮У£
йŮļзҵܲ
սδʿŶݻŲܵúܿ죬ԽԽ죬ֱڿնԽǰ谭ӯڵϣҷһ쳹ҹյ˻
ǲ񣬶ĸף
һף
תͷһۣƺҪ˵ЩʲôȴƬҲͣײſӵУ
£ڣ֮߱££ȴƴ󣡱£ͬӪΪϣ
վ⣬ŴҴҴĻʺ󣬺ߺҲĿʶתĶϣüͷ̽
ʺʲô
ʹ룬Ҳ룬ŮȻҲбµĹ⣬˵ҹĵɱʺɱӣԼŮϻʺı
Ůĸ
и׵ױڱ࣬ҲΪҹϮ᲻ףҲΪıȥƽѣҲΪ񳤰ԼܶԤãȽԼıȥֻϱҪߡ
ţ㲻ؿЩӵķ
սȥѾףЩӱһһΧ棬뿪أ
ЩӲܳȥĸסôߣ
ʺ˳ĿЩӣȻɫһ䣬Ȼǰǰ
ƴºͬУ
죬֪λش
ǴʱʣϲżѾߵӣǸʮ߰꣬ȳƣʳȴһˮ㣬û㿿ı۰ϣţĳ
ȥԵĻŷӦæܹȥſڵϣú󱳵֧š
ȥŸˣзģвģģ߾ȫҪϡ
һȺм䣬ӵҡҡ׹
ҧҧвƥ񣿣ӹ󡪡
УУСȥѰ˲ƥ̼㽫ӷıϣò˸ʵʵʱʺȻ
£²檣ҲһȱµĹ𣿣
ʹһҵҹʺķȻϣ˿ѾȫȻû˻ʺķȡ
ĸֻǼӵĸף
£ֱŽϿæȥס
ºӳվҲеأˮʵɷϻӣǶֻͯӤϣģ
ʹؿĸףӣ޵еսñʹʮٱĿ⿴
ʲôˡ
ҪһЩ취Ծȡ
ָȰ˵ǸӱĶӣҪĶ
תͷʱʿŬӪǰꢳƿóһС·µꢳƵһԣһӲӵĳһ
ףǰһָӴ󣬸صʵײͬ𣿡
ΪѵȽͳȥ١
ҲԹ޸ףҲ״ĸͬУ빫ϣֵԴ
ʮǰʮ̱ȥȥʱǱҲ⣬ⲻ١
һֻܵˮһֱӻˡ
һأ
ʧȥ˺ںͶ뿪Ҫȥһλǰӭ
λӭĵӣһΪӡСȡӵӵߡ
ụ̂ûй䣬ȥľֻǸʮ߰ꡣ
߼˼⣬룬ĸҲҪӲǳڴҳѪɾӵҲҪ֤ǡУ
ʮۣǣ֣ΪΣϿɽ£ףһܳϳȥǺܲ׵ġ
ֻݳӵϣܲġֵù׷
ĸ׻ЩĵȺѰһ·
üͷһ룬ڻص˵ͷ
ǰڡ˭˭⾭ľսĽ棬ڸ˵ǻֻǱ·ͺŷ٣ЬҲûĴܡ
ֱ¹˰ʮ˹м䣬Ȱ˵ǸķߣЩЩʿ˲Žػع
ȻңҲֱʱ˿̣ƽΧӪӿˣȴûС
ڽ𣿡˴ѯʵѵһλסˣ
νˡҲܣҲǲݾݾƴЩֹôɣˣ˽
Ҳ벻ʱݾݾ
Эս
ĺѾȫˡ
Լǲǧı˾һݾĶӪһָȥݾӪ
ıԷݾֵ̬һҵЩùһ氲ӺȶȻҲ۲첢ݾĶԷⳡеȷֵòһ
֧ҵıźڿڽ֮˶ϸļĺ˵ѽѲ£µĺȡ
ҵʱ֧ǧ˵ıһ֧ݾսһţҺԽ·磬ѾӽӪȴֱƵòˡ
ڣսңĺ˵澿жˣֻƾƣȻѹסǧ˵ĺȣǱضˡ
Ȼˣս뺷ĺȻش⣬װҲҪװݾսҳģ
ʿӺ󷽼лȣ飡
֧Ȼ࣬ǾľӽƬһչսѾһӾͱˡ
Щʿûڸܵе¼սı£άֵ߷·ҲһϴȻ޴档
ǲ̶ֻ˷ӿٱݾΧɱһǻһǻѪڽڵĻԭϣ¶ĵˡ
ǲǧݾ
ǳֻжˡ
ѾɢҲûȥ׷Ϊ׾ٵ£޲ͣԴ
һܵսһˣָ΢ı佫ݽ
ѪۣһѾ䣬ȻվڻҹĽ֯һɽһһλһӪĴš


374 
ѾȻɢ,ıɢ߻мʮӣս
ںҹдϢ,,ȴټǰ,ֻţ
˳ƾʲôң㲻һˣ
ᣬʿǰһǰʬмһƵݸ
λĸߴĽѾѺ۵,µġ
˵伫ˡ
֮,,ͽЦ
ﱳЪ˹,͵ޣ
һޣ˳ʵ,㽫ڲ,ּȢ֮޳΢ݽ棬ȢֽŮԾΪ٣Ϊ޸,ֱ׳
һ˲ˡ
Ǹ³ֱ佫װµĶ,˳һ,ǿűͲôӾͲתˡ
Ҫһôȥ˳ЩıҪһֱʼ֮Ůġ
Ŵֲڵ¶ã֮ɫ˳̤ǰ,,ǰʬ,ȫһԾ,Ȼ˺ȵǰ
ĺڻҵĻŨ̼ѰƬսͷʱľһĻ
ӱλӦö࣬ǰס˳˳ֶƱݺݵȥ
ͨʿʱҲֻܽƿڸ˳з·ɽǸӻδסΣ㱻ҷɵһߣڱǳѪվ
ȴʱŸովѣ
Ǹ˳ս޵Уս˳ȴӪжֵ佫
ôôܱԻ
Ǳ׵ݺݵͷϣҰĸ߲ѷȻģȻŨ̡⡢սһ𣬹ںڰ
ԽԽҲԽԽˡ
ӦǴĵطڱ
ڽɱˣйƽ˻йŮߣй˳ΡΡ׼ʱ³
ܿһǶǼܽܵŨʱϾ̱ѣȼյʬʱϴǳµĽмһأվǿĿİر̫ʻӪء
˽ָͿ·ǻǿԷӪء
ԭҲԸЩһ룬òڻѰĸϷˣ취һ뿪͵Щʱ䣬ЩȨƵĹҲѾŽܵˡ
ҹƬ̼Ѱӵķˡ
ƺ˾ʧʱκˡ
˱䱣ǣʮĵѰһꢳ
κϷ˵ҽܻԸκ֮ģ
ǽ֮ޣӾлκЦֻҹŨȥδѰأ
ͷϷȴѿԿ˵˳ױţ˵Ҫȥʮİ
λһ£΢Цŵ˵ͷϳ
ûбյ˺ڼˣֻƿӣһĻ⡣
ĸŮ˭Ҳû
ֹƵشӸֶȥ
ʱľͷѾյЩˣȥᷢһظЩ
ʱǲƥûȫվȥ·ƽضһССģͻ£ѹ
ʱʬ壬һ߼ȥͬŲƥľϣʱͻܿһͷѵȻȥˡ
֮⣬иζ
ľͷζ񽹺ζʬ役ζһ˿ųڡ
˭Ҳƿ
ӣĺھԵøľˡ
Ÿոյ¡
κƹӪִ׺ȥ϶֪أ
·֮ʱӪС
ڣʿҲڡ
ȻǸ˼ܵˣȴϾǸŮӣû֮ǰҲӪ߶˸Ӫжʿ˭ȵ£ֻܴӸЩϸ֦ĩ޷õ׼ȷϢȻҲƵȷĽۡ
¹һȶ֣ռڼ˵ļıСʵһ·񱼵ҹ¹̾Ͳµ佫ѱˡ
һ·񱼣ȴôĽŲܣЩҲԸϣӪظʮ·׼ͣһͣսЪЪţӴϷɻŸӱϽ
¹˹
жٱ
࣬ǧں棬ʵ̨ˣ
ǧ¹׽һ仰˭
ܣǧκЦǷĲ¸߲ѷȥˡ
潫æЩȴҲ˵оڿ¹˵ĺıΪݾλкˣ
һ
¹Żӳ㶵ͻȻ䲻ˣ
гԹ
һʲô׷Ҷ꣬ʲôԹ
¹ؿŽķˡ
һƬµ˻ѣй벢ݱȥѰӣȥѰԼ佫ˡ
һ࣬׳õһӾǺ־м߳ŭɫƺҪǿӲ̬Ƚ¹ȥ¹Ǳ𱸵ȥ
ҲǿСֹ˲ĸ̰ͼƸŽ޹ģȷʵ飬ǡ
¹Ǹʿˣһеߣ˴ӲЩ¡
ȴͻȻʹԼΪʲôЩ
Ϊʲô˩ӣ˩Ժ׮ԣ
͵ҸˣĳԹ¹
ίˡ
ⲻС£ôͲá
⣬¹ʵ㻹͵˭Ҹ
ԾأԶѣнı˹ȥЩ͵͵Щ飬չ͸һνǿó¹ǰһ󷢺ڡ
֮У͵һҵĸˣ
㲻ˡ
˺Ȼôأ
ҹĻѽЩ͸Ʋ㣬ڶɽϡ
ڶϷܵǧʿûȫŻѣһǼǰЪĵط󣬱ƺЩиߵþˡ
֮⣬һʿƹ·Ϩ˻ѣĵشΧ
Ŀ⼫õĳɽĴѲȻͿһĻ
أ¹Ѿ˲ôľĽˣýأеϮ
Ƭ¶ʱҳһţ䡢šĻԼǼЪϢһƥģҳӵģȥӱߴˮģнֵģֺһƬ
ûʲôͻϮ£öˣȻк棬ȻԴݵ뿪
ǲǵˣĲݾ㶵룬Щ˶ʿ
ʱЩݱֳֵܳìǵĽˣ
¹γԼ彣
㻤ݣа


375 
յԽԽ,ҹ΢ڸȥ
ƬϣѾԶˣֻд̱ǵĽϢ,ԼһĶƮƮ,ʱҹ
ĺüͷûƽҲûк˵ĸ˳,ٵı,ԼڻϼֳıãȺɽ
˺ǿ
ǵǿ,űıҲǿ,ڴ˹¾սʵ̣
һûᣬĺ,û׷ֻҪɱ˻߷²˸˳,ҲǴһ
ҪǰһԵĴҲӣ׼սԵʿ,Ĵ߶ǰ
λ۵ĽȻһ¡
ΪЩôأ
սݳ,ݾˡǸ߻ҵıΪ׽֮ˡ
κ
أ
ĺŸ˳,˳Ҳƽ
Ų,ĺʵڿĶӦǰ,˳ս,ҪĴɱǲһȦأ
һ򡭡ǧ,̺ԥȫǰ,ɱ˳׷
Ӫп飬ֻǧַһǧӪߵҲֻһǧ˶ѣ
κǼ齵ʵ׼ͬһΧݾأ
κȷп̹ǳޣ֮죬ɱ֮б˼أ
ĺ͵ĳ֮͢Уϵӣµ䣬һȺսܻЩİ취ԼҪĶľˡ
һвܲٵݣһûвܲٵݣһЩϲأ
һУǾĲøļأ
ȥǣݵͳ˧ֻسǵӣֻʲô̬ȣ
Щ򡢹Ůڡ󺺡˵΢
һܻһݣʿѪҲδ̫ˣ
컹ûĺȴѾ˾ϡ
˵

۵佫ûзȥԵĴ٣ضŸ˳ȴƽˡ
˵
ʹѾݾڣĺҪ׷ȻҪһƬڰо·û᲻壬ȫδ֪֮¡
ŵģĺ룬ˡˡˣʲô£ݶˣʧȥ˰ĸ֮ء
ҪСĵصȴȴҹ֮пֵܳκ̿ͣȴı¶Ŀ
ֻеȵȷݣŻһı
ĺˣ
СͬĽ˵
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һ¶ˮĶ䣬ڳȥһʱȴˮ
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ûܳʮأעϵǰˮոǻҶȴѾƽˡ
ѱ䣬Ϊʲôƾʲô
˵ѱ䣬ϸŵģԭͷǲˣ³ԼĲ֮⣬ļҲǺڱ
ȶԼıпģЩʿԼĽ˧֮䣬ǿѡ񽫾ġ
ǲݾЩ˵һ·˵ʶҲܺòࡣ
ɺܵС͵飬ⲻδʿ䣬ƾʲôƶʿڽ˧֮䣬ѡ񽫾
ǳ¹ܻشģ¹ǲˣҲ첢ݾҲϸ£ȴ˽⡣
˼̵ó˽ۡ
ڷ񣿡
סתͷԼǣ죬

ĴڻӹǴȱһ飬ϰ߻׺ĳߣ°߱Ⱦһĺڡ
顰佫ºĴ쿴ǱˣִڳչȾһĨɫĳϼʱȴִһ޷ĺţ
˴һۣص˵ͷ
ӳݣڴ˴ЪƬ̣һǣһȥƽѣ
ɱ
ЩҲصתͷãǵĽ˻ȥ
ǵ࣬ԶȲꡣ
ƬֵҲǿĻԭûôʺϳ档
սѡʿĪ˵ּսϳԺҲȫ£ǵ˧һߺսף̳֮С
֧ڻսеĺɺ˵ȫֽһĴ
һ㶼ЩʿҪĵ˭ô֪أ
˯ҹͻȻͱؾѣææ·Լ鳤ʲӪǰĻʮ·
˭ģ׷ʲô£ЩͷԵʿ˵Ҳ⡣
Ҫľǻججӣ
Щʡͳ˾ʮֳֵɣ
ңٳӣҵȥԮºģ
ȼ֮Ҳּһ䣬λܷһսȫˣ
Щ˵۾Ҳͬ򵥵ͷ˷֮⣬Ҳװʲôˣ
ȥϸ룬ٳҲͰˣʲôܽٳʱߵأ
ǾʱĻ谵Уͬ¹ߵǴ
ЩЩȻͰ
ÿһƴȫÿһս
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377 
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ԭǲݴʷԭΪ֮ˣ˲ݾ,ʱʱоʣڶԭߡ
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λ磬ЩԵĶλ󳼵ע⣬Ȼ˶վȴܵ˲ͬĿⶼͶ
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ЩҴĸ½½ԼǺĵķʱ̲סһĺĶ£ݾЩŮ޷һ·ϻչˡ
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е㲻ȻһҲѧϰ̵¡
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۲
ΪʲôҪߣҪߵĻҪ·ֿʲôΣա
ȥţ̩ɽ갰Եȡ²ͤ򣬿ɱ·;ݡ
λӵ˵ͷ˫ֳγ۾רעضп
½Ϊˣ²ȴʤ¶ж
ֶҵĶֿҫʹ־̬ȽղľͷҲһ¡
𡣡
ȻǵģЦ˵ôһ䣬ȻֽĿƿ·˵ͼϣո˵Ҫȡͤ򣬲ͤںδ
ͤڡš
½̨ףЬӣִһСû彣׼ȥʱȻһ֦
ǿظլǽµһʲôҲֻ̫֪ÿͻῪɫС߽˻ŵһ㻨㡣
լϸɨʰ֮ڸ
Ҳˡ
ȫû˵ԭɢ˳˵˵š
˵е֣룬Ҫѧֳ̣ɵ¼ƶͬȱʤģȡ
ԸﲻҪѧأ˵


379 
½Ȼڸֳʱһֱûʲôɫ,ڳԶⷽ棬пյʱǻᶯӵġ
Ȼö,ѾԶҳ,ΪѰϵƽȥȥһʳ˵
˵ص°СԺʱ,СС棬Ȱɸãˮһ,ȻҪɿ̳֮þˮ˹,ٷŽõ
⻹ûңܳԾ˵Ǿǰˣ
̳Се㲻˼,СǸأǸŽ,˵ϳ᲻ùʳ
£ڵ,ϯַ,滹ˮ顣
ɺܲϯ,˰,ǽ
ŵ߽оԼһû,֪ôɾͺȻ۾ˡ
ˣϲһ䡣
رĸôһЦɵ۾һ
Ҳˣ
ϴϴϴϴ,Ȼ¿ʼԵġ
֮,м԰Сΰ,ûеģһըӡ
֮󣬸ʳһӾˣϸǲ⵰ȸӺ͹һݣα갺ַԱͲǣǳеˡ
˵ȺﻹвͷӣӲһüͲˡ
ȲǹҲԱˣԵõҲҪƤüȻ갺㶼ڳ׷СˣҲҪˡ
˶ûʳ޲ĺϰߣһ߳Եģһӵ¡
λ£ȴ³̫ƽ꾰ҲһΪһ䣬֪֮ôģҡҡͷ
䶼ˣҡʲôͷأ
ҡͷȻΪº˥΢һʾŶ֮ģ˵ֻǲ㹻ġ
㹻콭ɽ
һͻȻһ⣬ʲô˹£
£һƺ鷳ĹҲƽõĿڣֻҪ׼Ҳܸɻġ
֮ǺһȻһˡ
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жר֮ˣ
һ룬һ߼һһ߷ͷ
һ룬˵أ
Ȼ
˿ڿޱˣʵϱ˶Ʋ˵ġ
ΪԳʵȻʵȻ˵ʲôʲôʲôһۿɼҲȥĵز¶ȣֻҪǷŵӦڵλϣʵʵ¾͹ˡ
ȴᴳ´Ҳܼ򵥣⣬ǻûǵĸÿһ˽һһ㴫ȥʲôһˡ
λӵڴˡ
Ҫӭӵģر򵥣ң̼ҲСӭӷ˵һֻҪرɵ
д˵ʵȥܲЩԥģ벻ˣͱˣ֮ʲôλá
Ҫӿϲ̸һ̸С
Ҫһλһ㲻ҪúõشݾУÿʳţ˭
Ը
ӵ㣬ǵѧʲô˵ǸǵˣҪ̽㡣
̽ʲôأЩ⣬ʱɱǰȥǡ
һҡҡͷ
ʱͣ
Ǹӻ鷳⡣
⼸갰þ칥·ǣʱǲҪӣ˵øϽ갺߰ա
ĪǸʹдšһ䡣
δʱұ㼱ȥˣ˵һдһ⡣
һȻǱڶž͸ӵöࡣ
AͶϢӦѾԬ֪ˣһ͹ټѲҶǾͲֹ򣬶ܿǼӱӱˡ
ݣҪƽԭ꽻սɵ
򶫿ҲͶȫںӱڣʱͶʮҹټһǸʲô棿
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Ǻסģضãܸսʱ䣬ܷŵԬܶѪ¾رأǿճԴЩǼҪ⣬ҲҪдһϸĻ㱨Ԥġ
Ҫ֪Ԭ̤ƽ֮󣬽ʱضܻһݲ
Ҫһжжϣ򲻴ǣ򲻴ݣʲôܲս
ϯϣһȥֱûһи߾ֶɿϢԴʲôȫ²⣬һ´Լͷܱסʿ±עˡ
½ȻеһѹϣѹеҲ·ǧ
ȿһ갰밢׵ı££ǲʤȣȥһˡ
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ӶѲ˲õĴ£
˵λ̩ɽܵ˽ôԼСĹСܱ˲ͬ
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ǣǣֳ֮ȻСǲǲӣǸЩ䣿
갰һֻ̣Ҫһ׮սõʹȻزᣬЩأ
ԭҲǸССĺǿƽʱΪңʱŵһʵĿأһҲûʲôλȥȴĻԵ
½ˣ̲ͣȷʵз֮ҲܷˣҲҪһܴܲ˳糵
갰ҶеظԼ۶ɺӹʱ½ͼӪĶں̲ϡ
ڳźӶ԰Ȼ˷֮С
ͲصĳӹʱȻҲΪʿЩţоһ⡣
һλŮΪƷи߽࣬㣬ѣ˱Ϊةǰδе£
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ʳǭ˵ةһܼ߹ˣĵλѾƵϹҫ֮ͥ
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λ곤ЩĶȿڣҲˡ
ѽŮϸ룬ѾеŮӪӪļãŮ
ԭǲƽģǸЩĶСԹһͷҪŬǧٱһݹأ
½˵һ㹦ͣʲô
ǶݵĬˡ
ŮǿƴûŮ٣ҪܵټǧѣѾܲˡ
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ŮɣֲǼͤţıҲЩӣС

ǸŮҲ졣
½źӶ԰Ĳͤ
۾ô£ͫ׷·һ㣬תźɫĹ⣬˲֪ȥݡ
鿴ʹ࣬·𱻽Ҫһսȡ񣬷·еżصĶ޷ȥ̹Ȼԡ
ûоܵ˿أ
Ůɵ˼ǡ
Ҫһʤһܱ˼סĴʤ˵ϧۡ
Ѫʤ
ǼʹʤҲܲⳡʤĹʵ
ܵ½롪Щĸˡ


380 
峿,ú硣
ƺЩ޵ıں̲⣬Ѳߵʿܲˮ
ƺӲ,Ǹ,ˮλҲǳ˲٣ǿġ
һˬ峿ʺ϶˯һ,Ӫʿ,Ƿеİ,붼ˡ
Щģǲ磬Ե˿,ҹֱ治巽򣬲·,ʱҰž,ʺϸ·
ظ͹ˣǲ·С,ܿһ·ŶȥҪڲͤɺ,ȥݡ
Ȼͱͤؾ׽סͽ˷ǡ
ӵЩ֮,˵
һ,һ,ý£
˵ʱ,ȳؿһۡ
ǸҺʵ,ɽǣԬܾоΪʱҲǺɽеһԱȴЩҾȥ𱣻˵ԬۣܵΪɽ
Ͼǻƽܳ͢ѹˣԺҵĺøоͺޡ
ɿҴζɺӣ΢Ц˵ɲӣÿòͤǡ
ɫδӪկĻδϨ
͸ȥֻӰӰ´µĻ⡣
ƺˮڰǶڣ˴ʱ̹ǣ·ʱҪֻǲˮ̫Եʣɳ
ÿһ˶ʱĸùʱһ٣¶ůģոճȥΪ֫
Ǿֻͷ­¶СĵںС
ӪԽԽˣǵҲ
ѾȲذγ˻׵ѡǸԱߣվڼӰ
ֱһŲȿգһĲҽУ
ͤĺӱҲɳӣ޳һĹ֡
ʵֲ˶ãϾƺˮɳɳκ궼ƺɳԼѳɵϺӣѴһӣˮµĹ̾ͻˡ
ȱҲҪֶá
ӶʿڿʱȿգˮԺãһںˮ̸ˮԲãžȥˣԻôһ㣬ˮ棬ȣ
쳹Ӱ
йִҴææ˳ںӱһſվ֮乭һ£Ǳʸһ㣬£
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Ҳι˹֣ϰҪͶҲؾһս
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Ѫֱ̫ɢʱǹѪȻɢ
ϰ̩ɽ˻ȥ
̽Թûܺͤؾֺֻپʬڻƺгϵӵס
֮갰̽Եط˼ν
Ȼˡ
½ȥ갰Եʱһ
˽̩ɽܵϴ˸ǳֵţ𡱡½ǸǴ갰ԺܰװģÿһװͷϹһͷžŸ¯Ÿȡ
ǡôģ
֪밢ʶҲͶǸ˼ûװİãҲûİá
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ʲô갽갰˵߱ǡ
߽½Сĵشһɫע⵽ʱʱ죬±ȻˣЩҩģһֺڿУ۵ġ
ҵĲϣ갰ü˵ڡϣ
ڲͤ򡣡
ܿѻ˵ˡ
갰Ȼصͷ
ҪĲͤԭܼ򵥡
ߣҪڲܲٵţߣҪԬ̷ţȻҲԲôԶЩģӵխĵطš㲻ܵͤؾģ˼ҲĴɳȥѲߣҪӣ˼ҿ϶ҲҪܹ
½һؾڲͤ򣬻ڷǣ
ԭڷǵģÿԼֳæ˵⼸ҹӪҾݾߣǳǵĶˡ
½УξĪ빥ǣ갰˵ǳ䲻ߣȴ类ȼҰܹ£
·ǣ߽ٹͤʱβˣ½˵βһԣ
梲дŷߣٹ²ͤȡ
ΣѣƬҲȲãϲõġ
ƺ֪ԼΣѣС
ÿйһ߶Ĺ䣬ٳ˳ȥһЩԲڴ߲Ĺ䡣
εǹţǧ˴룬ǸžСԺҲûº磬֮һϵҲδʣ£ӻǵŰݷˡ
ߵĳС˵ºʮֹǫҲʮƽʲôϷ˼̲סһأ
λԭǸˣԻʺ£ǼǹŮѣ߾Ȼһ̷˶ûˣŮڣǺεȵ󡭡
ǵʵ۵ĺôŮʬδΧźߣר裬ĵûź򣬳ҹߡ
Сʵһ·϶к飬ʱʧЩ΢ƽͷԵ𷹵˼ҾԼĹŮȥ˿ûǹ׵ķգλһҲûա
ڼֲиѰ½˵
ʱʱܰһæ
ʵͦͷöģ˵Ҫ뷽跨Ȱ˵ǳֻݺͱҪ
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λ˸ûȰֻסλ׳ʿ֣Ȼ˫峺۾
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״˵ʱһϾûʲô̻Ҳûʲôζ
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ʱҲڡ
ҲǸʮ֮߰꣬ǰ
ûиףûĸףԿҲˡ
ˣˣҪôֺᣬҪôȥ촦
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۾һĹ⣬Ҫ˵ʲôȻ˼


381 
ʱ,̫ƺСˣâҡ
ûũϣҲû¶ĺѿҰ,ֻĿӲݡ
Ȼûľڱ,ЩӲҲȥ̧ͷ
֧ԶʱһƬͺͺģûдׯ,ûľ,ûũҲû޺̵Ļԭ
żһƬϱڲԫ˴ϣҴææ߽ȥʱֻʧ߳
Ⲣ˸еȡսĳ̬
Ϊ갺ִֵͷսЩǳԬܵǰˣЩǿӲذ׷ʹ̬,䲻ͬ,Ѹ˺Ĵ
ϢϾĺ,ƽնԣ͸Щ
˵Ƚǳ,ڶɿڴӪկ,ЩΪսһɺ붫İջпͤ
ǵһǨ㣬Ӧǰȫ,ԬʹĶԹҲ,ôı,ܿԱݣ
Ҳ˷˲ͬ,̫,õؾûôˣȥݣݸովһսңӦкܶõؿְɣ
˾ȥҲ˵С½ܴӦòɺİɣ
ֹȴѵһ̬ȷرһȥͶ⣬඼ǱһԵ̬ȣŸһߣˣٻһ
ϡ棬˷ÿճ̽ѲߵĳҪǽЩɺӵϻȥ
ǱڣʹڶȥˣҲñȥݲŶԡ
֧ʮҵĵطֵġ
мꢳǰ峵ϸˣͷӡ
ҲͯҲ٣ʮ
ʵЩ֣Ϊ֧һˣʣ¼ȫǸˡ
˳ǰʱ̲ס㿪ѯˡ
Сԭˣе˵³ѿСǱУѰһ
ˣ˵ôȫЩ棿
⻰ȦӲ˲ᡣ
֪֮󣬳о׳ȫ£ˡ
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ⶼһȺˣʮ굽ʮĿŶУȻǾβ£ɫҲΪ·Եƣȷʵмˡ
Ǹ˵־أǲӳҪ߾ɫشǣͼӱ⼸˼
Ϊ׵Ǹ˿ʮͷڴ׳ȴСģǵɫԱһţһ濪ڣ
λˡû·ʱҲĵȴֲ֪ںδЪţйפǣɷҵȲݽڳ°һҹ
۹صȻС
ȼҰľջٴׯҪ⣬ҪʮֻҪǳѲߵķΧڣƽפ
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ĸڿʵý֪ˮԴˮأ
ˮ֧ӵĶֳӱĻڳһˮ綼ƽˣ
Ů⻰̧ߵصһۡ
һԭʲȻŭݺݵسһӵģƯ촽ԭҲʻһ仨Ƶģȴɿݿѣήһ㡣
ڿʳȷҲż
οʱһί·Ƶһϣ̽ǵŭĨƽˡ
ʺܿһ
о˵
ֽóǣ·ȻϷŪ檡
ԸǴˮĿ֫һӳű㷢ղЦ
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ŮĵЦûϵؾ֧˵ⲻԶͣפмСٻæȥϼܲҲȥ˽ǡ
ǲҲܼ򵥡
Ӷ԰һ֧Ӫ˵ģӪʲôϡ£ܻЩصĻƣżȲʱҲеһս
ǣеսΪ׿һ¶ϲ˽񽻸ȥ
رȷڲͤ򣬵ͤﲻǧؾǸѼҰȥĿΧȫֻһƬԭ޴ء
żεεС˽ǣֻʲôɣȱԭҲҪ°ӵġ
ɣ죬ΪĳЩеʱű㽥ؿˡ
ǰꢳں󣬳ʮؾЦΧۣǰಽĵطЩԭͣĸǣ֪Ҳ͸һԵӿˣ
ܽôˣ˾§һ߹龰ƿڴǸϳȥϳȥ
ΪǸĸ׳ƤڵĸĻʱһҲոյūϥҲСĵЦ
Եꢳꪣת߿ǰһؾһٽһꪶ˳ȥ
ֺֿݣȫԤ׵˲˾ϣ
ؾæصһѸɲٽһһĸɲͶˮͰʪ󶪽УŨҶֱʱߵ갰ҲǹŨ̡
װʿ
ɼ𣿣ĿĺԼĳꪣǽӪȰͷ
׺ݵضʿǣ갰ִһ績գ
績գ
ʿеľתΪսʱƺϰսҲһˣ
ӪӪӪ
ǵ̾ͤؾһĿȻȴǡ
ԬܸУеıʿˣҲݵĹͼǵȡ
ҲгСϣҲб̣Ѱһǣıʿ߽ʱɫһ
ǲٱ˴˴Ҳơ
ǵҲٰڳɢν飬Ŀעÿһ׵ıʿ佫ǵҲһʱԬڿˣ
ݾңٳҵΣ
ԴȣAͶں󣬶ݾСҡӱвպöѣֵֿܵΪԮ˵̫ɺϣ
¶ɺϣϣ
˱۴е󷽿ɽӪϡ˵
Щͬһ˲ȫʧˡ
Ϊڤڤ֮еɺϣѲΪһֻߡ
ߥ갺鷴ѣ˾ǰԮԬµԱһɹһʧ
ԬԭԤǲҲѷɵݵġ
мݣݣôҲƲԬܺͲܲٵأԬûй࿴ʮСʵۡ
һᱻԼαΪ󶯸ɸꣿ
ڼ֮䣬Ӳɺϴһ𣬴ͨһȥݵ·
ⲻɺϣ⣬գѸĵɣ
ضǻʵߵĺ֮໥ᣬƳһɶı
ıյĿꡪҲȻԬܣ
λ۾ӱİ¶˾ġ
ԬܵĿеͶһֱӵСʱּˡ
֮һֱйԱʿ塪ûȻˣȻˣΪڷ϶Ǵ󺺵ģ
ⳡὫᱻʷЩʿڸ֮ǰ˷ܵͬԼ֮˵ܹһƪĴĴǸ˵Ҳ񲯣
дǸĺǿֱЩȴľعʳ֮⣬ǴԼҲֿ⣬Ϊ󡢰ڼͽӵй
˵½һйʱѾϲԭ갺Ŀظˡ
Щ׺ߵûбɹŮϵǳΪ˱£ǽϣһƬһƬڱǰ棬׵ͭʹƱŮһյյǵʱͬЩƾ磬ܲ֯һ𣬽йһģ
ǻƽĹԣǵĹԣǽ֯һ𣬹Աǹϵ̫
߽ľ嶼ŽӵĹԡ
һƬӲӵĹԾͷûдҲûʲôΣͷϴһСڣһ£ЦȺ
Ǹӣλ͢سڲˣ⼸λϳĳһһ·ôƬ̣һһѲưɣ
䣬ֵܣԼ½ҵƷ˻ڶ̾һѲƺ׵ɣ
һ·Ļô˵һѲɣ
ƹѲֶشŷһ𴵽ƻͨĴ
Ӵ갺顢½ۣˣһȥġ
ȥ㣬갺λӺȻͷˣ
ףòۣβһ裿
۷񣿡갺һҲԵ߾
裬ºܸߣΣ
ʱӵĽӳ£·Ѫһޣһ
뷶ͤսһ㡣
ƺȼƺˮҲʬ̫ڡ
ʿʬ壬Ũ⣬һ·ӲֱͤǳС
ӳŴֱǽŮʬ壬ڳʬѡ
ǵ棬ɺӵ档
˴ʬϲȹܽܳżȥĽЩȻ廹ؾһ£ӿһѪ
һʱǰʻЦٻŮɣҲһ㣬ʹ˫ꪵĸˡ
갰Եıʱıһ档
½ڼ߼ݱʬ棬ϵѪֱ治Ǳ˵ѪѪ
ֻ۾ûп
갰Ҳ̧ͷϷ
ŮյýڵŬ½ڷǵĳͷϡ
ӵˡ
˽ýŲӯ䷭ɣ棬ȾԭҲΪ갺ȥ
̾ѣʿ˼ȪӿԱǿǻȲʡ·һ绹ʣ
мٵһ·⣬ʿɤ
ݣݣѸնǧ
λʵ۵ĽŲ͵ͣ
䣡䣡ظ˱
ڶǣԬҲվ״ˡ
Ϊˮҽʮ򣬷ʮ򣬡


382 
,ݣݵսԴɵصʱȳյŰݷһ³ա
,λԬܸĻſһҲæȱʱ,ʮʿԼȥ֦ͷһֻ
ǺӼҪ׽ɫʱȻ,ƮƮ,ȶȥ
,㣬Ľȥƺ
ָֻ֣⡣
̬ǽҲ̽Ů͸ԴҪ࿴һλ͡ջС۾ȥֻҪֻʱȵָȻ΢΢һ¡
ֻ,ľţæչ򣬺ܿɵòˡ
ۡ
С޴
ӱڣ˽԰,¹ġ
Ů,ֽ£ϯ,غһڲ衣
ǰдŸ,ץЩҵĺ,Ҫϭ,дϣֻʱһۡ
¹ѧ棬갷񣿡
ҡҡͷѰһݲݸ
ϭģдãֻǡ
չ飬һһֵؿ
ֻЩɻ󡣡
¹ıʣ潡ˬױ⣬º˻ұȼ磿һ濴һ֪̾¹кɻ󴦣
ʱ½ӣǸʲôˣ
̧ؿ˳һۣԥ֮ɫֵͷȥ
ʱֻǸͨŮɣ˵ؽԼɫѰ
λʿ֮üͷ
ʱأ
ʯ޼᲻ݡ
»պشǰλ򣴨ϳʿˡ
½ǿءȿ϶ս־ƷС
˵ԥԥؿڣҪҪٸһģ
ȿˡ
̧ͷλıʲŻƺӱһˣ̲סһ̣Լźã
¹ģ˵һֲġ
յĻ·ʱİѽʼ˳롣
ƽ˵ÿһսҶ綼ζһеǱ·ϲɾˮԴóţ˵ɧźͽӣԼƣ;ļԼ
ǿҲزˡ
˳ʱ˹Լļſڣڷǰڳſڣٿһͷ
갺վϳĽֱߣۿؿһС
аСƳ·ǰʱͣе
ʹʹҲͬȥ񣿡
Ҳȥ갺ЩȻ˵±ϣӶѲʱҵͬ
Щ㣬Щ˵ϵı̾һ룬·ʹһ仰ܸԳģӦԽ;
㣬иʮɳƵ𣬡ʹȷʵͬȥ
תʱϵؿһϸӣͷһɫͷ½
һĻƺеˣĿƽ
갺ȴûа취Ŀؿȷ絶ʣ׿ϸԮˣԭΪסΪϡ
ĿĴﵽˡ˵
ȴˡ
˵ƺҲȣֻǵ˵ȥ
ʿһͬǰϿĹǣ갺͸ŲزסĲ뱯ߣȴҲסˣܣ
תͷȥָָǽķ
ȥˡ
갺һ˲һ֪УС½Ҳǡ
Ԭܲδǣ˵ֻΧ
갺һδǣʱҲʬǣ
ԬǼùǵͳ˧δ֣Ԭ̷Ǽģ½ƽ˵ϧǣδȫʹ£žͻῴԬʲôģˡ
а߹ǵĿ˵仰갺ʱŴоѡ
½Ѿ߿ˡ
̵İգӸһŰ峵ųŶȥ
һԳŴ
ʹʿ󺰵Ԭܷϭˣ
ӱжˣ
ȺжʱһɧЩŴ󻧵Ҳ̲ס̽ͷҪһ֡
ױô̽ͷ̽Ե⿴ʱ齵լԺ͡
ΪҪ½ضˣǲæʰġ
ҪߣҲæʰ
ӵ·ˡ
ʱǱһɢζ·ųֿҪѿĽʱԲò
Ӹеðһ£ȻڼͤĽ£̶ʲôľȱˣʱٸһµİɡ
֮ǰйǽ갺ģʱ
ɺһóĲ裬һۡ
λһƵĸֱգԼԼ壬·ֲڵɫֹϲ׵ºྶͥ
˳ֽɴݵĹ۲صǰ
Ԭ١
ѷΪж٣
оʮƥ˳˵Ϊʹ󻼡
ʮԹأ˵ܷٱ
˳üͷ
ݱ·;ңԶȷɵá
ټūڻʱأ
һ˼С
Ԭܵʵɲ⣬вȫΪ۾ӱءһԵЩҲ״Ů˹ȥ֮á
Щ޹ȥԬŮúòû֪ڻĸԬܹ˵̬ȿȻշڻ˵ġ
ǱϾ壬Ǻǵıԭפر߽ΪĲ˵е㿴ϡ
Ԭ˳˵ǰˡ
䣬λһҪλҲһ㱦ʱſڵױͻȻ˽
ԬܷϭˣױµСҲһݣ
Щϭıд˶ٷݣ϶һݱȥ½㸮ϡ
ϭ߽ʱԭڵʾҪǡ
ǣе㷢㶣ңҪ˵
ֹ
üͷһֻ֣˵ŵǾ˿
ôˣ
Ҫϭ𣿡
ǰ
²ԡ˵꣬˿һ¶ɫòѻ˵øһ㣬Ԭܷϭ죬бȻв֮
Ȼ򣬡Ԭң
޵˵ͷĬˡ
û£û£ڰ̨֣ףҼװ׵ģʲôⶼС£һǣ
ȵıʾƺǾȴ֮һҾ񣬸Ŵչˡ
ֽϭĿԱΪΪԬϭġϲܲ٣
ȷʵǸͦϸ˵ʲôӢɣٶԳ͢԰նͦƽʱ˰ɵֹ֮ҲûʲôбĲȺá
ǰһηǳֿڵĳ滰˵һ˵ҳʲô鳼ʲôҳܲ£鳼»ȵȡ
ȻͿʼ
󽫾۳ƺңʵΪҰå֯ϯģϽ
ʲô̲ס˵ʲô˲𣬻Ҫ۳Ƶģ˵סȫףôࣿ
ƺеЦסˣô˵Ҳһ࣬
ż
мһζ׿ԬΪܹңԼӢС䣬ֻܸŹ趻һ죬繦δһļ˽ȻҰĽ¶
ȥͶ￬￬ӿڣڶǫݶء
½ϭˤˡ
ǲе㲻Ҫ˵ƽԭʼҾڵİô￬ˣ￬ҪǮģ֪ƽԭʲôһ׵ĵطǮ𣿣ʱͻΰ
ȥͣ򣬿죬˵ᶯŭġ
Ҳûŭһ䣬Ҿ˵˵
ҪȥˣСĵϭʵˡ
ǲУüдЩʲô
չãλѣ˼
˵˵ǫȺǹųԹźȻһӣûǸȥ
ǣҲ֪
ҽͽøˡ
˭أ
ũϳβӲˣոϵЦҲˣƺĵŲһС
ӷּ̼ҵŷɣͽʿţԶʫңͽŹɣգԼΪֵܡ
ָǹؽڿʼ졣
ϭĻڱ˷ܿ͵˷ǣֺܿӷǼŸȥ
갰̩ɽܣعڵͥ
갰ϵЦҲʧˡ
Ƶ˱֮꣬䲻УŮ֮亱ɫ
ʲô˼չϭĵŮСͬ飬⼸ҶϵãһҾͲϵˣ
죡
֮۰ǱܣΧ󽫾񣬳֮
ĺ˳˼
ٳֳߣ°ӹ䣬ڵԣʺԶء
Сʵ۲Ȼؿһ
Ե·ĿʿԹвѧݾѧе߱ɶ
ӣ¿谵дһֺ£ˣ뵽ѧ
˵껰֮󣬿ԥûЩ֣þôϭĲΣ
Ҿãԥ˵˵ٿˡ
ˬʵشЦ󣬲ôС½þɳû
ûԥɬ˵
ɿϭģҴҵ½ʱһĻ
ױ̽ͷ̽ԡ
ȴ۷Ժ졣
Ȼһŭĸ
һүģ˭дģ
޵սľһۼͤǾ仰Ȼˡ
ֺøŮ٣鲼أ˾


383 
ͤ½˰,˺ϭġ
洫ϭģֽŵģ˿,갺Ŀ
ݡʮֿϭı½֮߬䣬һѳˡ
òѰ,Ҳװ磬һ,е㊋ϲļˡ
ȡ
ŵʱ,Ժ
Զ
ɵıͺ΢,һ
ɡ
½ƿڴ
ΪһˣͦȰһԺɹɹ̫ٽȥġ
ΪڿŭʱȰҲûʲôãôý˳˵
ҼͤҲδñ˿Լŵģ
ԬܷϭġǽôСһ䡣
ɲ濪,ȭأ˵ͷ,˵ˡ
λ´һ,ͷ,ֱգ峤ŲȲѥòҲӢ䡣
ްʣµĻˣֻͬһ񣬱Ժ,ؼȥˡ
Զ,յϭĻЩʱա
ָ½ȥǲɵ,ƿڴ˰ҲֻԬԬԬԬַ,ôٳҲûлͼɿԣ
ָȥҲǲɵģ½ŭʱ¶飬Ǳ׼ҰԬܾһٸıߵģ
ųֵи֮갺鵱ʱδóˣУ
ڵһ˸֣룬ԿηӦ
˱ϾѧʣҪʿ˵ƷλѶ棬ʢǶϡҲչ˵ҰũԼ࣬ϿڣڴС
ڳţͲе
ҲûʲôŻܱȹˣﲻأ
λũϵĲϳʱڳ˼³ʱѾеԾԾԣŲҴҵ߽ԼĵСԺ˼ֻɽ͵ӳԵ
£һңңȥüͷ
ḡ
ףԬܳϭˣ
ܱһ䣬޵ȴõúܣǽŲ̨ףľ죬ܽ׿֪
ƽؿһۣݸ
Ǿϭġ
Ӽͤ飿ջ֣Ŀ⿴⣬ϭģηӦ
ŭϳڡСĴ
ӣִΣ
½ɶǾı֮ˣױַһռܵѶеԾԾԣϭǰˣǲƽҪִԡ
һҲûӴ򶯡
ŶҪˡ
ޱҭһ£е㬡
΢½ΪˣȴʧΪϾӡ
˶ׯȵϺȻ¶һ΢Ц
ûǣ㣬˵ǣ׼дȥİ취ǲǣ
գգ۾³׿ʲộ
λĿת˻Ƴ˶һֽۣĿϡ
λ㣬ɸϽƨƨߵ游ĥī游չһհ
û׼Լдָָëʣʾ󣬲ſڣ
Ҫ⼸گ飬дϺӹĿ
һ㶣گ飿
˵һۣ³δôӾߣ㻹ıԼдĲ⣬ȿľٵ£
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گٵйֱǣ·һյ·̡
˵͢ʹ߳˳ʱһ濴ͼһͬϭ֮¡
˴γһ޼λʿָڷϣᡣ
ںܸȤкθ߼
ͤʧӶѲ֮·谭ˣ
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಻Ϊ¿֮󣬡ЦʵΪҡ
ȤںǺǵЦ
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Ǿ˳벻Ĵۣ˳ܲ˵ʹ࣬ŴһݻҵζżʹЩҲͶأǿ׳ĸļݾܷͬȵѹ
¿һֽϭģֻƭһƭЩʶǳ֮˵ȴвѧ֮ʿױ³ݣδػ
۴ҴҶ룬˶˵ĶԻ
ʹ
ںȶһ㶣ȵȻһ
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һ볯ģǾڡ
گľһ˲ɫҲһ㣬̲סˣ
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ŶһⲻǸʹģʹЦӻλ볯أ
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ھǰһڣæҵ̧֮Ҳˡ
ųƲܼͣűսҲòͣ
ٵ䣬͡
֮ܶگԱǼ仰ǣ
Ԭûǰ;ģų߰͢ɣų͢ߣҪǰ;ǰ;Ҫ֣Ҫд壡
㲻
㣬㣬㣬Ǹһʳ»ڣ
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Ϊκ̫أҲ˵ǴӴ˾͹λˡ
ԭλĲ£ȻΪԬã齾裬һֱΪԬϲ
ҲͰˡ
λԭǺУԬʱȰûûԬܶ𥲻ĿȰ˼ݣԬİ֮λ
ΪԵʣԬܵ˺ӱ֮˾һֱڼңٳˡ
³͢һگ飬·װ׳Ԭһ⣺
˼ݣڳ͢ҲǶ׿һӰˣ
ݼɹʱҲδܵС
گûĺЩ˷ͷܾ֪Ҳûá
ֻһˡӽگ볯
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Դ󺺵ҳĻǼ⣿
Ҫ֪ҳϲԣǾǾԲҳϰ
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ʲôϭģ
˭ںǷϭģ
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ıʿһ
Ŀһ䡣
Ŀһᡣ
ҧҧӲû
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½ǸʲôĽ죿Ǹó١ƱʤƱ˸ϲҰսóĽ졣
Ľ죬ݾԶоȻӦȴ򣬽ǰƽʮ֮ڣԥݼһҲܳ򣬺οҪܲپսǴɽԽԽǰ
ǵԽԽ½ҪصĳǳҲԽԽ࣬ҲԽԽƣڱ
սԶӦսս
Ʊȹ̵ķԿ½ıȡʤ֮
˭Ҳ˵ǵ뷨͢շһگ飬ĿŵҪۣ˵ȴ򡱣һᱻĻ־ķ֮ˡ
ֱᣬıʿϣڴĿᣬҧûҿ
Ȼλ飬ԬܵӲұݲݱˣֻڻʱʮڣ
ĩβһӣоίˡ
ױٳĲɷǳ³ӡˢֽŸĶһ·ɵʱǵû˼ȥⳡˡ
ǾҵҵдһⲵĿڡ
Ǻó˿һ
Ԭĵؽµݸʱƽ΢ЦȻһ¡
¹̼ǴҮѺھӣȵﲻ֪ģһ˿߿ϭģǲЩ


384 
յϭĵʱ,ҲԼͬؿʼæ
ڲʲôˣټѧĸ·ʿλյԶ󡱵Ĺ֮ӹ㣬һøһ,úдһ²ԬܾЩ֮ԡ
ԥ̫ʷȾæøӽ̤ʵһ㡣
С,򱱽,Щѽ,Ҫ֯ũ˽ո
һ,ﻹҪٲһ,ոСҪɹ,ЩҪ֡
ǧ˿ʼÿһǳйεļӹ̺ޣٽһεļ顣
֮󣬿ʼǧԱĵҰ
ǧ˳ǵƽԭм,Ӧû̵ġ˫Ȼ겻սЩϱڲԫֽ̻
ضܷأĵ˵Щػ˼,,ֳׯڷ,ΪʲôҪȥֵأղ,۵ţ˵׻硣
ǽؾۼ¿֮󣬱˹ԱĿ⡣Щũȥة,λة̰ͼ㸳˰,ûֹ,ͤﳤȥ,ֳһµСׯ
ЩԭӦôڵСׯԥµ鷳
Щũ˲ΪʲôҪ뿪ǵׯӣǹؿһʱļȥ¸ݣʡԼò˼ҵ
˴һˮ
Ҫ뿪
Ԭܲǻû޵ȵҲٰ
ΪʲôҪأֻ˲ƽӰĸ˲Ÿոմӵаһ⣬Ҳιûˣ
Ѿˡ
ΪЩʵסڱ߾ϵũ˱ǵЩ˺ˣǳֻбֿʼһ£ҪеصΡ
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λĽÿλصʱǺܻӭһξ͸ܻӭˡ
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˶֪Ϊķ飬ôܲʹĳһְλȻҪǲ֮ܵˡ
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ЩԻ۾ϮȡΪ˽ضϡ

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ⲻҪ
ܲʹļıʾϮȡ³֮·½񽫾Σ
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386 
ӽʱ,Ǳˡ
Ų֮Ľ۾ȾһƬڵĺۼ˿ƣ,ȫӵ硣
ߵĹҲ,Ǽ޷άÿһĻ׺ͷһ,Ͱ͡
뿪ʱ,»ָ˳͢Ӧеǡ
죬л,ӵĽһ,Ҳ˹ǸƵ³ûȫ׹Ĵ,Ȼų
в߻Ž϶࣬Ů١ûʲôϵͬسǺĺǿ⽫Ůͽ
϶ҲΪ˵Ů
Ӵ,һҲǼҫѽοǸе,»ʺ۲ǣôͲϲһ,ҼҵĹŮأ˽֪,˼ʺɱĳأ
Щǿͺʿ˾Ǳ뷨,׷׽ԼŮͽ,ΪĹŮͻ޵Ŀġ
ЩŮ峿ʱΪò뿪߶ԹԼĸ,Ӫʱ̲סŸ׻׻յһ׻ȥ
,,ܹ,ʲôĿҲֵˣ
߳ʣƺҪһߣһƤŮɻҪϸۣ۾ѵʱԵ繶飡ǲǿˣǲǿˣҪǻ׿˵һϲңֱֵõģ
λһ㿡ʵ۵ȷƳ˹ŮһۣΪǵһλŮɻֿİ顣
ǵĶ̫ԣҲЩˡ
ԼֻǻཻͷӶСǼŮĻҲֻ˽ڻʵ˵ѾƵḡ
ӦȻƯھչ͢еһҪʱֲֽ֣Ϊṩһз񣻲Ҫʱʧڱ»֮񣬵ȴһٻ
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ҪԿȥѵЩŮһ򲻷ݣЩŮҪϦദѵǲߵġ
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Эһ˲סˡ
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˵Ԭܵϭ֮ƿڴƪͶӽŵ
ϵͶš
ǰλ˸ոմ֧ʿ壬ӭӼݣתͷͶһš
ϳͽ
̽Կʱ«ñĿش
ǣⲻĳһͽдǳ«̬ȡ
ΪΣʵ¹Ϊˣ
һˣ«˵˵Ѿ͵ˡ
ϲǱҡ
ǲļ壬Ҳļ塣
ԶһȺӵ֮䣬ŵش˯ĵ͵ʳԼ«ͻȻһ٣ȥͬԻǳµһվľ
ǼصĴﲻѬ㣬쿪Ŵ䣬Ŵְÿ죬ΪΧͬѧǵƿд֣մȾһɻ֮ȥģ֬ζ
ǹζͦŵġ
ĵͣĺˮԼīˮĳζԳ¼Ϊļ䡣
ʹʱݣÿڣһȥ¼ңӲ
ЩڽպȻΪ촷ۣΪͱѶø˷ŭ
ΪԬܵĳȺӸ߹
ΪԬܿʹʿӱңֻ׷
Ϊ
Ϊ̫ʴ
ʶȥϯһԵ彣
ǺУô˵ô
ᳰЦЦѡһЦҲһ
ԭǿԾ޵еģԭѪʬǽصҪ־֣
ԵйԬܡʮʮ򣬲ְˣǧ֮·ϣҪ·һľЩˣЩΪеˣĳſڣһ·ҵȥ
һ˲䱻ɺڰĻȡǱʶĽ̾ѹ
¹дģؿڣΪʲôҪ֪һأ
ӣһѹʧˡ
΢Цſ۾ȴȻĹ⡣
һǲͳţ˵׻᲻óҪ㡣
ЩдͶŵ
ռЩһֱΪλǽ˵˵ѣǵȷڲܲٴʱ򣬳Ǯˣ˸صΪ͹ಿ˽ɽ֮սʱǿúġ
ǴʱĶҲġ
λ֪ӲǱ˽ٳֵģ˵ҵĵ˾Ԭܡ
ʮ«˵
覣иɻҲҲȷĴ𰸡
ѾˣҪңҲϧ«˵ҵӶΪʳ»һգҲڡ
֮⣬¹ˣδ֮¹ЩˣǸ뺢ͯΪ󺺶
ص˵ͷ
ףδж壬Ϊڴ󺺣ʵʹһ˿ײĲʹӮһ
ûϸȥ«Դеİʾ
½ֻЦŵ˵ͷ
Ҳܹ˵ǰûУԺҲС
ܻᱻΧ˻Ӱ졣
һҪѳ갺飬Ҳʱ޶ڳ΢תһת͸͸
ԼҾʱûᶨѳͷأ
ʱǹһˣ᲻Ҳ֮أ
಻ıѸɺԵĳ˼峿֮ɳȥˮ峺
ܶڳرߵҶƬ£ǽȻͯϷͽŲֻʯͷ¡
ſһЩҲûôɶˡ
пᣬã̰ʵҲûôֻҪϵػȡʤģǻĹġ
ţеĦȭ׼ҪϽʲôһʱϮϢˡ
½Сᣬʹһ¸ô֧ʱʱǵһġ
Ūɳ̣ĽŲ̧̱ͷ
Զˣ˵Ҫ㡣
Ȼ챿Ǻɵģһͬ˵һѾʱ˵ӣϵСˣȻûĿϾһѳ
ǲû׵ģսʱöìǸӿ˰죬йԾԾԵĳ嶯Ҳ˵뽫Ӵߣǰɱһ
ŶΪ⣬ҹҲá
ֿ
Һ£
ԬܵǰˣҲȣ˵Ϊʲôʱˣ
ı棬Щʱ˲ʲôãҲǣǷڶڴת
нŲٽ˳
ǷΪ㣬ΪӶ
е鷳ˡ
Щʱǰʱūһ㣬ٱӲֻ̣ɱӣܵúܿ죬Ǿͺܲץס
ȻҲߣǽΧĴׯյò࣬ҲɱòʱСͻؾۺһͼһƱġ
ڴ֮ǰмʮϰٸׯʱ޼ɵشݻ١
ǻ£ǵҪôӽݣҪôȥݣЩڶİǣҪһ
ڳ»ʱһΣֿܷɢ֧½ӡ
ݾͲ˵ˣֻ˵ݣҲ뽫Щ˷Źȥݻ᧿Σġ
ڻƺˮʱ˹ȥӣǸ취˵ǰ
㿴һǰɳ̣еԻ󣬡˵棿
档һ¡
ǽΪβöӷ£
öӣֿ㡣
֪ʲôս𣿡
ԬľӣһҪء˻ٶȣ֧Ҳױ鵽
ʱûأûйûǰеĶϣһ·һ·ٶȷǳ죬±֣Ҳܿתƿ
֡ȥ硱÷ģסڴׯڱֻڸĸߵأéݷķϷڡ
Ǳ󺺵ľͻϮõԣûκλʤĻᡣ
ڵǣҪôҵǡ
Ҫһ֧һ֧ҳЩʱ壬նԭ֣һ֧һ֧ؽǴȥ
ЩӸֽңͻȻʵ𣿡
еĿȫͶ갺飬갺ӲͷƤڣ߹ˡ
°ͣȥҰɡ


388 
ЩŻʮ,ֵǮʵѾ˴룬ʣµֻɫı£ɵͭ,Լɫʣƾɵ
һҲ,ΪЩ˼,һ㻹Щá
Щ޷ߵ
ļҾʵ,鼮ճһ㶼,͸ıǮ˼ҵҲƯ
ƽ˼ֻҪпӣǾһ˲ļҵ,һҪߵ,Ǯ˼ҵĶ̫,ƱؾҪֻӶڼ,ţ
Щ󻧵ʲռһ,̾˶ʮֻ,Щ滹ͿᣬµĻơ
Уе㲻ŵʣҪαװɸҵĳӣ㺮,ʹã
С˸˳һۡ
˳û,Цеͷ
µ,Щʱ˵һֵֵļҵˡ
ʰѡһ֧αװͲͷ,ʰʰͿԳˡ
ΨһǣնҪŵʲôط
˷طÿ,ʵ,ζǵıҲ˷ɳȥµƲ֪Էж˵ǰ·ɢԼıͺΣա
Щɳȥĳ󲿷ҲǣСʧˣҲʮصϱ
ֻأΪ˴µԼǧ
ɵĲϵʱʱѾ뿪ˣδϨĶϱڲԫԼصĽʬ
ɳȥǼϱЩʬ档
ǱϣüƲϡˡ̬ƶǣĿǣϣҡҡλΡ
ųֵ˵ʱŭڣ갺ƷһŰ
˳ƽö࣬һۣ½㡣
˷Ǻ£˵ڲʱǱ֪̽ʱ³
ʱѾʶ˺Ѱǣ˱øС
ûй̶·ߣĴϮţȴܿеĴǡ
ЩȽ붫Ϊӣʱ塰ӦСսƷͬʱڽƻصȴЩ붫ΪǵԮ
鷳룬ٳҲʱ˻ԽԽֱ࣬ǡ
Ĵ̽ҲУ갺ֻܿԶĵطԭǽ̬ȣԬϭĴ϶ҪдͶˣЩﻹеץʱˣ
ͷӬһĴ֧³㲻Ϊûף
һǶ룬һԼ˵սѾ˴꣬ҰİѾ룬ﻹôŮ˶ʱץ

ȺӣὫֵǮĲʳϣЩŴ󻧡
˲뵽˳һҵļңն
ôĸȥأ
ʳʱ갺ֵؿһۡ
šߣ򻧡
ǿȶǲ죬ǵ˾ԼýͶƱȥԬܵĵؽˡ
Щ˼ǱϵģȻֶ壬뼽ʿоɣ㻹ͼһ£ʱ˱زǰӡ
Ҳȥ˵
һԲֻƵһ˵ʱһȥ
ǲȥҲȥһԣû˵ʲôɣֻЦһԡ
ʿ࿴ȥΪѼˡ
һԵĸ˳ĬĬؿȻûɵ̾һ
ġ½㡱Ǻġ½ֻڵġͤòûʲô仯ġ
δӼֶʮŮӵޣѵԵȷʵȥˡ
ǵͷӪУԵӡ
ǵºʱ˲ֱӵ硣
ڲݾս˶ʮ꣬ǿҲʯһ᲻ɴݡ
ԭǲʶ۵ģºĻؽԼ뿪˳ҲֻɴŻĻ䡪Ͼܿʯʹ˫ꪵλھµ
˿½㣬ȻʶʱڲǰС
ѾƾµĽ򣬶һᴧȵ˼гǸıԵͳ˧ˡ
ʱȻתͷһۡ
˳ص˵ͷ
ԬܼʹʱΪǰʿΪġ
ԬʿʱôŹأ
ЩʿʶѾԬ
ǵЩмҲģҲ½ιǼҡƽϡһֻаĶؽԼʵʼǧĶͣū澲ͷҲҪѹһͷͷţһƥƥ߲·
ڼݾڣЩҶҲѾѰٵ˿֮Ѿðõׯ԰пͶı׾졣
Щɿ촽첲ֻţľСǳӺѹǭ׺ũ˶ԣЩʿʵ㲻úҡ
ʹлڳᡣ
ڻԼµĳһԺڻӱòŮɣֻڰûԼΪʲô
갺ˣһУȫ¶֪ˣЩѧ֮ʿҪдƪǸۣͬ裬ҪΪסģ
ԼҲڼ磬ȵԬǰʱֱһҲǧŵ
οԼƷУѵ۷ˣ۷Ԭ
ضᣬԼס̾Ŷ˵ֱ֮ʿɱˣΪЦأ
ʲô½ԭֻǹĸˣ˵ȷ˲ʤ̸ֹ̣۲ѧƷУôȵù
ʿȣܻλƵЩ׳ֿƵʱͻȻ֮䣬һ֧Ͷĳϣ
ˣˣ
ˣ
죡ŵش
ЩŮɣڱԺҹݰ¶Ļȫ֮Ժո𾢵Ŀңؼ԰־Ըһɢˣ
ǲҽ
Ҫ̱㱻ɱ£Ҫܣôӵùĺأ
򵽵ʹȫĽɾɿ˳ȥ
ڳץųڣʯͷ㵯ٺݺݵڵϣߵ߻أӶҪӶ߳ŻµĵûУ־ȫϣ
ĺз磬˻к˴ĺЩǲ飬Ǽƿڳϵ·ô̫Ѩ߶ȥٴǱ߶
ǵǰִһ󼱴ٵԼ乭ǺĺɱʱʿûаҲûа㷴Ӧˡ
ʱ˷ҪʱѾǰΧסˡ
뷢֮£Щʼûᵽ׵ʱ̼㱻ɸӣЩ˼׵ĽҶ˵һּ꣬ҪʱѾ嵽ǰ
ǽѸٱΪ˺Ϥɢ
ǺóܵģЩ˵սȲݾǵе컹һƥʮ񿥵ĺҲʮֵΪɱһѪ·
ѾӳȥˣЩ׷乭ʱѾܳٲ֮ңˣ
Ǹʿһƿ⿴ʱͣڸߵϵһĻ
һɢͷ°ûк룬кü̵ĺܹɽµƬԭҰֻ׷棬˺϶żʸҲѪǱ
ܹȥʮ׷˳ã๭ҲܹƬԭҰ
˸ʮ棬ȴȻסͣ
˿綼佫һ˸ߴЩһСЩ
СסִӱȡһŹһ֧ңңؾǰǸ졣
ɽΧ۵ʿһɱġ
ǸѾܵþͿӰˣһʲôã䲻֣ҲϰԼҲ֪Ǹܳٲˣ
һ˫ǧۣҲûĹ
ǸСӺȻ֣ͬһ㣬һ⣬ź˵ķȥ
ԶȻս˻ǽཻ֮
ˣ
ܣ
һˣ
Ŀɿڴſ¿Ƭ̣ʮѾսżѪܵĺ˻ˣ
һλ⣡µĳ󽫾˵ǺӱСս̲ܣȶˮ֮䣡
׷ҲӳС
Ӧøеһġ
ʿ侲̲֮û
ʿǵĽԽԽ࣬ǻţӵţȥǸ£һغʬף׼潫ͷ­
Ҳ˲ɽϵǲǰҪѯʾ
Ǹɫ԰ףʿ˴˼֮У⿴͸ˡ
ǺˣǰʵԵڴˣ
߶߶ؽɾ뿤ְλһ˵ǲûɻ
ɾΪβϳһ
һҲûС
һ˳üͷ¼ֳۣ˳ӣȻˡ
ĪϰСɾЦ˵Ӷѣ㲻ʲô¡
ɵ˵仰ʱҰȻʲôѰĶ
ǶԶֻΪվڸߵϣŻῴ
԰ׯԶŨˡ


389 
ӿʱԽԽˡ
֧Ժ,ͻ붫ʱǧ֮ڣѾʱŵϵĴ壬ӽս,һȵ
ڶŰûձ㱻½ƣѺͻȥĺѾ׶ˡ
ŮٻΪū,ֽЩݲ,йصĶܶ,Ȼڶഫб˸ģ
Щʱ˷ܵضԼͷ˵,ԭصĴģʲôи֮أǸ֮أ˴žĳУŷţ,öҪ˵Ǹ˼Ů,ƽÿ˶ֵܷһͲ˵,кͷԴȥͣ
ЩٿЩҪһ½ͷҪȸȥˣ
֧ʱ,ﲻͣײϻֻƽεʱ,Ƕ̽Եһ,ٳƲʱƾǵҲܲ
ǺʤϢȥ,ʱ˺Ȼֲ,ץסˡ
ȻԽԽ,ȴԽԽѡ
½㽻ֹκξӶһЩʱ岢ǧ,
ʵʰĹ,ԭʱûϰ,ҲмʮǵٵĲˣʮ˵С䣬ƽʱҲǱۡΪūΪ澵ʱ˵ԭս£Ҳ˳ظ
ݹ᾵ľͺһ̰۾һݻٵĴׯٴͷŵϸһѰһֽнİգһףԼ屦սƷһ·ǣȥ
ֶεʱԽԽ࣬ȻҲںʿЩԬЩԬ
ǻ³ͷԶԣԭҲֱ治塰ŷЩ붫
Ԭ
ǽҪȥģô˭벻ףҲȥ룬ֻһ·£һ·ӣԼܵںϷй
һ·ϣһڶӿʱ½ԭΪһµ鷳ȷǺ鷳ġ
Ƿ·һȺܣѰֽȻͬѰǻȥũ˼ɣսͨ޵ģҲûôܡ
ʱҲ֪ʲôģʽھģսβ룬ȻǿܳԿ࣬ܣץǾͺ鷳
ϾԬܵΧ£갺ĵֻʣ°Ԭܵˣ
ȫû뵽ЩԭҪϣѾʼܵʿֽ˻ˡ
һЩԭԬܵĶԱҲʿһˡ
Ǵʵ㲻õִ
ıԶԼͬΣһƬߵʱôһ֧龭
ңһ֧˽ԵĽͶʮꢳģ·϶˳ޣǰһȺ׳ʿ˿·Ű׷ԲԵͷ߹ڲϣг«ƣϻһƺرȡ
ͷͦأͷڳҲģ
ʲôֹ
ѵȣ
ȣһ£Ȼˣ͢Ǹ
⽨ĻʵһԼ°ǹúòú⡪ȻҲʵ⣬û˰ֻ˵ڣ඼ӹ̡
С˱Ƚ϶ࡱ¾ͺܸӣⷢһͷǶȱһʮϵˡĲѧƷУͱþãӳˣû仯ĸ
ȣ˾һЩȨ˵ʲô¢ϾӪ⣬˵õҷף˵Ѱ˶ŹֻŹ۴ȵҪǱˣضԷбնеķա
ٿǵλʵ۶ôŵƵԣײƽ˵ʮܴ꣬۶߿ࡪõⶫĴ಻ˣ͸ǲˡ
֮һүӵټּõȣⶫ˵¸ߵءλ˼ȣϵʿ˴磬ôۣϾѾѸBUFFˡ
ТµĺλҲҶλ˲
Ļ˵̫ˡ
֧߹ȥûãԶĵƽϾ;һɺ̡
һѵõûƣգ綼ûУṉֱ̀س졣
̣
еϮ
Ǹո֧飡δ߳ʮ˺
˫۾һƬ̡
ʱûɵĲȴ
ǿҪȥԮǵɽ£
ǽܵãҲˣ֧ʱڣ֮κΣ
Ѿ㶽ˡ
䲻֪ոȺĸҳ룬̣ܵɼӦ֧סһӣ˵ȥҪУɽ𣡡
һεʿ˵ȷûһôˡ
ǳڣܻԭǲԬܵġ׼ȷ˵˭ҲԺԾӣ־ӰδⳡսлŹһ£Ȳȡһֲһ·
û뵽Ͱʱ˹ˣֻܴæϡ
ԭΪȫ߸ʮ뼽ݾڣһȺҲδ£ٽ˽嵶еҲװ硣
иСɾδѣõĸʪľǰԤˣ
ǹȻʱˣ
⣡ڣ
ܼܼ
гûУ
һּϮǸʮҵſڳ´󺰣˾ܵУ
ܵеùǣ˿޽г
ͷڵشվҴ󺺡
һ˹
Сꡰ໣һͷ³ˣ
һʱǳҡ
ʱ̽ǰ裬Ҫǣӣ̽˳ˡ
Щʱ㻹вսЩڲƽʱ¶ӡܿгﴫŮӵĿ޽
˵ԼӣΡΡָꢳȥ㰢械
Ůӱŷ٣˳˳ǰԮȴһͱ߿
ɢķߵ©΢һ̱ˡ
ѪɽвҽֻԾɱֱ죬ֱĳһѵʱ˺Ȼ
½ԭĻ߽
½ʱġ
ʱʵ࣬٣ֻԲԵƣοǧ˻Ʋϲ
ЩõһָӵĽȻ赲Ⱥʱɱ¾ЧʣҾӰǵġ
ʱ˴̵Чʲôߣ켫ˡ
˰ĳʱЩѾ˴룬ʣҲ̱ǰһһ
λʮ·ѾˣҲȫǻңֳȣȻͼԼɵİΧȦŭڵڸߺҪͺ˾һս
ֱʱܵòӰˣҲսˣͣ
ʹǧ˵һԸúüˡ
˽˾yǵٵģ
׳ӽ˾Ҳ٣
һȺС꣬˾ûˣܿسʱ͸ƵģŶоۻҡ
Ⱥ׼ȷѰҵһź֣ܶǸոָ֯ߣطС꣬ʮͷ˳Ҳѿر
˾ܲС÷ǳĲתһԴĪںδµ֣


390 
˾ȻƲʲôĴ,Ҳ˼ǧʯϵҰµ,ֻҪʿȦӣ²죬ֻҪһҲеӡ󣬿䡣
λ½΢Ͳһ
˴ϵһͷûʲôӦ,ӲһʮëͷСɴ۾
˾ɾû˹Сû,ʲôͷأ
˺Ȼǰһһ죬ĪӴ޼Ү
ãȻת˾ܲôĲӣ˭
һƬ˾ֶݵưˡ
Ӵʦڴ֣,ڡʫоһǸ൱ΰ˧磬ܴ˾ܲݷù,һˡʣնӢءۡ
Ȼ˵ʵĻ,Щ֮ͨͨ以വˢ׷ѣȺ˵,ֻҪԼҵĺ,,㡣
½Ȼûôⷽ,ǲŴҿ,·ġ
ֻǾλɾѡ˵
һȺ˾ϻֿʼʹɫɫٵģĽģгЦġ
ͷӣ£ţƣ֪Ӫկδ
Ͻڰ֣ǲ׼ϸ·𣿲ô鷳Ӧģ
ͷƺҭסˡ
ߵһȺױ̲סˣĲ˹קקӡ
ɵתͷȥȺױüŪۣЩһֻߣСضֹˣұˣǣȥأ
СȺҵ˾ʲôף
½һ˾̲סˣ뼽֮·ΪЩ²裬ݣ·Ͻһ轫δΣ
С½Ȼ
ˣˣеεץץף˵ҲͶ𣿲÷ţƣһ̣Ҫлġ
˾һˣǺЦӣ˾ɫǿظֿ˼䣬С˾ǾȻǿάӵ̬ûչͬλԻ·ƺһϵĽҲûжλ˲ǡ
ȺеڰƯЩ̣֮ǰҪϴϴһ¹ڣиʮСС˾ӼŮꢳһз۳Ҫ˾ܲһ㣡
ͷӻĸ·ôҪͿ۵𣿣
Ҿôӵϵͷ˳׵ķ²ʰʮ߲ѵʬףһĸ˳Ӫȥ·رƽƽˣһ粨ҲûС
һȺС˾Ķڲӿþòƽ
½δ飬ȫ¶֪صҶʱʱһȥУΪʵʾס
Ϣ˷ʿǵĳЦЩ˽Լжɵ˿ɫˣʵеơ
곤Щľÿˣ޲ѧ;Ϊȥһʲô֯ϯĵˣ֮Уʲô
ڿС½ȺδȢС˾־ʵһҲ
ЩԼ˵ĵ²ƷǱϿˣһֱʣ̫ںɫԴǵ佫òƺҲûʲôġ
㽫˾ҽɱʱһģӣʵʵڵĿˡ
Щжʵģۼı£ӹɵġǵһ㣬ٿƺҲûôˣ
ʵܹȺС˾Ǻ˼롣
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ܺ˼룬ݣḡֻŮǰһ¹ڣ˳ŸͿۡ
׵İɣ
½㵱Ȼ벻Щеûġ
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¼һȺӪԯŴ󿪣˳ɻûӭӭˡ
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ܾ˲ô
˾ʹˣ·־˾ţܿͱǴӵȥϢ˾ֻ˼ͷţһȺûһӪתĴݷõġ
ԸҿСˡ
Ԭܷϭģ챸սکͬСȿ˵ôһ䡣
ک˭ʡ
¹òȻض˶Ϊȡ֡

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ŷöɺܼ򵥣ͨݵĵ·Ǹһ·̣ͣҲͳˡ
ڱıҪͱƺӱ߻ø졣
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ԸΪЧ¹ֱСˣǹɵ˵ôĴ򣬶ʹģġ
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391 
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˾үӵ,ļŮС˾ҵĹʮϸĪ˵Ů,ͯҲܳ,˵Ц
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˳żмӤ,ֻµ֡
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ܽ,ִд̣ǧǣ
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ң˾ܲίֻǵĴ󸸣մգΪ,Ϊ,ʹģλۼ󸸸һ·룬ս֮࣡
˵дʣЩ˾ǻཻͷӶһ󣬾ڰؿˡ
󸸣ȷʵհ
ҲͰ,ֻдһ,գ
պ²һϰ˾ܲᣬ,ϧ,ۡ
һ,С˾ǿʼޣ˾ҲʼӲ۽ǣҶС˾
ͷ̾һ
С˾ǻ࿴һۣ̽Եؿˣ
󸸿ǿ½ĽύˣһЧҲʲô¡
˾ܲƲһ¡
⻰˵ģ½࿴һæŸ¹ڣҪһ·ʱҪͿһۣ˭ɵأǻѡڶ˳Ƶģ
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ȷ֮䣬˫۾ǵúܣʱܻ˯ȥʱɨһȦԼӵܣǶͷ
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ʿ˺Ǵȥǵر߹رͼԹ
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ʿǱߵĻȥӪڼžֻлѣԼɽµĻƺ֮ͣЪ
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ʿһߣ˾һߣ˱ľ߹˽һҹˮˮͰееˮཹཱུðʱ˴һưһưشҨףˮС
ȻҲ˴ŹǷ峿Ӫؽ䣬½Ҫ󣬲ʿߵӪأǱߵӪأ붼ͳһĵط֣ǹء
һƬ̻УȵŲĲӣ߽оӪ
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λǺܿظһ¡˵ĶǴ׻һҲקġ
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Щ·ʲôأ
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˾ҽ׼ͬ˳оѰЩ°ߵİա
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ǲẵģֻҪ¹һ꣬һ꣬еҰݱ˳糤ֺֿãдС
ʱûũҩũǳҪһгݣ˸ûؼҳԷʱ۵Ҳֱ·յҰʱЩߴﹾ
ֻҪˣƢǺܱģҲһأҲһׯڣҲһìܵˣ˵ؼһҪƨһơ
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ˡ
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УðʸһҲһƾεȷ棬âֻꪳɳ³
·޿ɵֵʱ֯εĳ棬ȴһһαս̼Ѷʤ
Щʱȥ˷ӣƴҪţꢳнųѰһƥȥǵ۾ȼſ־Ļ⣬ǷʺѪĭЪ˹غԼͬæͬںòװæһƥȴһ߿ȥˡ
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˵ʱƺзԻԭϹι
Щ޷Ϣ߹ι
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Ůһ
ƺʲôƬķϵҰϣ˷ﻹʲôأ
ֻջȥҪ²ߣƽϲŭϲԶ
ƺ˵ʱ򣬷ͣˡ


392 
ЩǱʱܵʱ,ͷĴڴӪһ,ªձˮ,ʱʱʱŮˣǺŮūӪ߹
Ҫʮּ򵥣ЩʱŮͷͨ,Ϊδ˵ʱ˲Ů,ͷֱŮӳ֮ʱŻῪʼŮͷ,ͷҪһء
Щ˵ŮӾͷֲʱǺŮˣǶһ,ȻƺͬҪôһ㡣
ΪʱڻٶϡϰףϵūҪıԼĶƷ,ϵū͸֪δˡ
֧ʱԼ,ǧΪͷͳ죬ಽΪӺǰ
ʹūһӺʱ˵ӪҲȺҪ߹ЩǵͷץĺūͬЩӺһ,ʱʱЦ,ԼŮļкͿ
ЩŮѾϷˣӺĶЩ곤ĸ,СʱʱҪά,ʱּ,Ҫӣ䲻Ҫģӡ
ͷЩ
շʱժñӣͺͺͷƤȻطһƬ΢⣬Ȼղɫ
ͷͺͷζʱ磬ȴ˺˵ĵ̺˺˵¯ҲëձһЩɣȻսƷõһ
ȷȷƯȻأ
ΪԬʹ½ԭΪԬԵأõĲôر
һر˻ȥ
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кȻϸϸؿڣ
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Ƿ۲Χ򣬾ѡߵһҲ׹·̡
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393 
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ȱ,ȱľ,˿֮٣˵ūƤ,ū촩õƤ,²Ҳǳе¡
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죡ǱǽӪأ
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ĸˣһɫĺŮζʲô
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Щܵһ궯⣬һ˲ͷ֮С
죡ɣ
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ЩС屻սƷֻôܼΪͷأ
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ЩƽܵǱʱ˿ǵӰûʲôо˭ȥ׷Щƽ
̫͹ʱˣЩС巢ָԲ⣬׼ΧһڡиʣˣǶ˵ıһ٣٣һɢȥ׷Щܵƽ
ͷأ
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396 
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397 
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ȷҪϸıµġ갰ͤĵ·һαж,¹,һ߼սһ߽عͰľӡ
ս񱳾,Щ·ȥЩ·ϱǿסΪһڳԵ,ԸǲôԸرͲͷ,Ȼһΰʱ˳µس
ҲҪ,˵ȥγΣ˵Ҳȥɽڿ󣬺ǿҪԴ,ԲͨҲȫûϵƤ޾͹ˡ
ҪĻԱչǣ֤ǲǣҲ֤ǲҪܵǿ,ʲôˡ
ܹЩʱ˵ĹԱҲѡΡ˵ҪֱģҪöʩ,Ҫֶʱ˵
ѡһЩ²أ
ųûַյġ
ǧǰȥľʱ,ͬʱ˴ΪǱһս
ʱ˵ʮּª,纺,ս֮ڽڰˣųһƮƮȻĿ⣬ΪԼȷǿȡһ̵ġ
ЩɽҰܵĺˣǲһ
һ̣˲֮ͤΧҲԸС½ϲѶˣ
ʿǵ׷ǴſϲģҲҪⳡʤͷʱвξ䲻ؿڣ
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һ·ػ˶ٱ飬ųЦʲô첻ģ۾Ҳ
ЦȻֹ
·Ȼȥǵģƺӱ߶ȥġ
ƺӰ̣һһ㣬Ļƺӵ棬ػ档
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죡Ǻ󳷣󺰵Žߣն
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˵òФ֮͸Щͬϸüۣϻһ˿棬Ǹ˵òʹ˼ݡ
ȸЦһģΪʲôȥ㰢֣
λ׼˵Ȱ˵߸ߵؾһֻ֣ЩѾϵץ
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ʱսǲûش෴Щ𽥿ʼܵЩʿͬϻƺˮһ㣬ȥٸӼغХԻػ
ڲϱûǿֱʿȣʿȴı֧ìֱʿסֱҪתͷȴǵȴһʽ
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Ƕʱ˻Ǻ˵ⶼǺûΪЩҲ޷ǳϦֵܣЩֵ޷õһİᣬ͸˱ˡ
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ڼ磬ԭǿǣһͷʹڹϸõǼƤ£ټϲŹһЩƷ嶼ᾭϴ񣬶˳̵ĸУǣԼİỌ̇ȥңԶɶʥɽ
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398 
,ңҲ岻,ǧ࣬ǧ࡭Ͱ͵ؿڣθ࿹Ⱑ
ųӣǱȥ
ԵԱʱ˷Щͷ̽ͷ˵,ʵؿͷ
ԸЧ
½׺ȻһЦ,ҪЧأ
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ɵˣ̧ͷ㶵ؿ
ͷ˲ǸҰ,ĻˣĿʱ,ϵľ־嶼ʵ
̫С˲ʺϸɾϸ½룬ζһ;ûС
ûʲôǵС,ֻСƶȻڴͷǰС΢Ը
Լˣһһ
ҲҪ㹫,Ц˽Ҳء
շ̲,СӦһ,νʾ¡
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ɵؽöʯͷϸۿʱһöʮֺ
īɫҹ˿һ
һֻҲСĵػöʯϣ˿˿Ƶ̻ΪŹ⻪ĺڰԡ
ν֮ҹա˵ľ
˵ģж䣬жٲū֮ͥշת룬ɢоҲҵһ壬ֻʵػǹ󶼲Զ
¶пףֻһֻޡʲô
·³룬λŮһЦ
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𾪵̧ͷʱλɫ˽Цؿ
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Ҫһ֮Ϊʱ죬ȴȲԵҲʲôȷָʾ
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ⶫܸãҪһϻ
תòģģһ뷨
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λŮһֱڹ۲ɫֱʱص˵ͷ
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״꿴˿ΧͷĿ⣬ֿ˿Լλֳ
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ҹˡ
Ҳϣ߳ʱĵۣûǲȸıԸʤһΪеߡ
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ȸŲҴҵ߳ȥʱŭɫ磬ΧĿⶼ׷˭Ҳע⵽ǸСͷһ߽˴ʡ
컹δӷŭ侲ϵıյڵأȾʪƬĵ̺
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Сĵ̽ɫ⡭ģǸոڴ߶ġǲȸֵܣ
΢öϾ⡣
۾ҲһİĻ⡣


399 
ȷҵĶ,ˣȡ
˵⻰ʱ,ЩȻ,ģּװȫȻµģ̱ˡ
Сĵع˺,ſڵūӡ
ʱū,ǿ׳ͭɫƤҹ΢΢һ,˺۱Եʮ
ԭԴ޶õ,ͷ˶޴Լūһ㶼ʱЩūᱻᱻͷΪĸ
Щͬ⻹Ǹ,лСеĲ̣ʱʱԱ޴ūΪ֡
ſڵūһ,кȻ΢΢һ
𷣹ǣڳʺСһ䡣
ūȵر˴˿һۣ뽫ͷ¡
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ǰ,ûôϣЦǺǵ˵,ȥñǡ
һĲ,·Ǻ͸ʲôֵǮС,ڽҪ߳оӪʱ,ԲĻͷȥ
ūΧһƺܼ˵ʲôһ͸࣬ȥūסȥˣһĿ뿪׼תʱϽоӪ
ſֻһūĲɵţȻûע⵽¡
ȫ񶼱öӾȡˡ
ܸΪ죬ǸԼһߵλá֮Ϊʱͥ
ǰūͥһ㡣
ū˵ıūѹʽ΢Ҳ˸Ķ
ĸҲıֻɫһöӫҲһö
öӣ˺ܾö벻ȸӺδĺñֱʶԼĸȽϣȻˡ
ûУ游һеġ
游ţս󣬿ͷͲȸͰռļңǲӶ游׵ļˣһ˲ٱô׵أ
벻öǴӺеģ벻ҲϾɽǧڶõأ
ⱾЩ¤ҴǼеֱշתǧ˵صġ
Ѿһƻ
Ҫλ֣ЩĶ
һֵǽĶһδǣÿʿææµµػͰգֻά򡢸ְ࣬Ȼҹͣؽ˵Ӱһߡ
ʿߵúܿ죬ڼѾҪ߹ˣڰӳã֧һƬľ
ǹ˺ӣ㽥ˡ
ׯдҲũ֣û̼֣ûСûͯûиţ
½վڷǵĳǽϣĿԶʱʮ˴壬Ҳһˡ
Իƺϰ˵ǣ𽥱װһܼȻǳҲԽԽһս
վãղʲô¡ųüһЩ󣬺ǵ̾һ
ϸ߹ڻ£
ųԵص˵ͷ̫ʷԥԮڻ˵ıҲҪˡ
Щȫݲݵĺ˱ʱ˸ԬΣǿҲȷǵǿС
Ǽǿʱˣȡ½˵
ųһ£̻Ȼ
ڻֻΪǰ
ǽ첻ҲҪģ½ЦǼȻҲȲãһǱǡ
ôߣ
½Զһۡ
Ұ֮󣬳ͱһƬţǼ̳дӰûͱȻǵо
Щʱڿͷһ̣δܴų󣬱Сˡ
̽鷶һ·ķ紵ݶÿÿҹÿʱ·϶ʱо
ָԶһӰȥߡ
оԷǳˡ̫š죬δء
ⲻͬһĻ׼̿ӱ޷طǱʮﴦʱӪС
ųַˣܲ⣬Ϊʲô
ڻ˽ǲʧ˲żлԮ
̣䣬Զˣñ½زд󣡡
ڻгϽ֮ð٣Ǳɴݡ
ü⣿
ǲڻʱͲһ壬ֶסԭϣ໥ܻΪԮƽ͵طսƷ
ȸȻ䲻˵ˡ
лթٶЩ̽ǡ
˼ʵһһȥҪѶʱգ
Ǹ޽ıȸпɬ룬ȥڻˣʱԪ˵ʵֻܱܹһͷƻݡŮҪøڻˡ
ˣǵȷԼһܸڻ˺棬ЩиʣǼ׵ģأ
ˣ쵱ȡͤ򣬡ȸ˼ֻ֣Ҫ˶ɿڣܹƺӡ
˻ƺӣ갰ԵĴӪֵΣʵ
갰ӪկѹȻҲһʱԳ
ȸʱȻһЦ
ˣ֮ԡ
λѱЩõܺȻ˵ȸһˡ
ȫͤ򣬷ؾǰϻҲ˵ȥͤΧ跶Σ
һ֧˶ͳ˧ľвͬȷһ֧ӽıʱͳ˧ַ£֮֮
һжǸת⣬ӦսʼǰһСģΧڵɱͬˡ
ΣܽһԼ޷ƿصĽսϡ
ⲻ½̸׵ģǰԼģǴӰ梵ݾģǴӴ󸸵
żҲеֵ뷨梳ٳٲȻΪڴˣǲһ棬ҲٳЩصС׷
ֲôͳ뷨ڿԶ̳ʱת˲š
ˡ
벽ȸȻͣǰǼֳһѵܹȸǧǧͤԼ򷶳ǡ
ϢһӪŮξʾҪӲͤһֱסǡϾԲͤӪ֮ȹ̣ǧݾҲԣǧʱҲ롣
³ųǧӪֻвǧˣطƺҲأǸʱվõĴ£ǴŴڻ˾أ
ҪһҲֵܣ½ʵԸ⻨ԼǮһ𣿡
ȺŮСĿڣ
Ů˵ЦǶǸˣ಻ŻֵҲأ
ԺҪǵȥһ½Це˵ǿ˼Һֵ֪֮ǽǽأ
ųȥˣһ
ʱգȴݳ첻½תͷȥͨ˵Ҫǵġ
λҳ̫غǾصͷ½Уξֻô˵㹻ˣ˲Т㩣ǣܷЧǡ
½ƺЦסûЦЧֻǽǰˡ


400 
ʱ˵֧Ƿֿ,һ֧򷶳Ƕһ֧ͤȥ
ֲʵûʲô⣬½׺ųܲµó,һ֧Ϊ,һ֧Ϊ𹥣ٿǵ򷶳ߵûЯκι,𹥶еĲ,ȻҲʱһֱر򵥴ֱĹǷʽйء
뼽ݾܰٲʯͷӵǽϵľɹղͬʱ˹һ˵һַʽ
Ľӽ,ʣһʱʼܣܵٲʱ,ųǽϵʿûüϢﵽŴ,һس
˵ǹǣ˵ڼ۸ɵӡ
ģʽڲԭҲ,ԭͱȽϳҲںڱ,ھڲݵʱ˵£ô˼ǳ,ʼѾҰ䱸ɭ,ǶȻĻˡ
ʱеӺūҲò˳̲һǵӣ׼һԹŵ乥Ƿ
ǹȥ,½˵,ҴЩȥͤ򡣡
ųԥһ,ͤϾֻһӪȲô˴ǽ̣ǰսȸ³çı֮ˣһ
Լ£ϰرܱڳУأ½Цϸ߹ҷģȸӪǱزԮġ
̬ӯŮ߽Ѻ²СԺʱԺķ²һ˲䶼ֵ̿վ
ʱ˵вٹŮĹ£ͷذڵھԼҰŮżŮΪ˰ذ΢ֻصȥڲ˲ٱɺͳЦ˶ֻΪĸݱĽڰˡ
µĸ˳ò඼еЩеƽЩʲôĲϡŮͷΣ
ۼż߽ԺӵŮˣáŮžģˡ
Ů˹Уξ
ɨһһȦ²ܿ콫һɫЩ˳ˣ
ǣ⼸Ҳѧ˼ʱء
½׵˵ͷȡһݲ飬оȥ󣬽ǣȥѰԼͷˡ
Ů࿴һۣĵǰһУξ²ѣűѳз
ް½ЦЦֻ˸Сˡ
̫죬ɫȴƺԶɽƣɳչ鲻ƣҲɳ
ʱ˵ˡ
ʹʹֻǼϵʿԶ̣ӪеĽҲ̸ڰӪŶӵϰսҪʲô
ԼСǰĸ˶˷ĳתȥﱧӣ
޲ҴææϻкŮ
ǣţȥӪկһ߳Բݵͯڸ峵ֵẺӣ˶ûɢȻԼͬر˺ӱߣ
ǣ
ЩСѾ˳ҪϴҲŵŵӦˡ
ϴʲôҲһߺŹѵζһֹ
ϴȻǽ񶬵СֲˣЩȽ˵ҲǿȥͼūءǴộǿ϶Ǳİɣһȥ˵عԱͷӦˣܸǰõЩ
ЩҰοĻڴ˿̶˲԰Ц
Ҫϴǰӿţϴ󴬾ȥСѾڻƺǧϰٻصСԲסˣ̾һҽˮǴҪ³ˮŬرŴϣϷŹ
ȥȥ
ƺϣ˭ȥ
ˮˣ
ϼά˰ϱߵֱ˺ݺݵýŲȣˮĻƺзΣ㲻ˡ
½׸ϵͤʱıһҾ徵Ļ棬һάȴǱá
콫ȥӶ԰߾ȫظ飡ٷϴҲڰ
Ⱥ֮һ֪½Уξ⻹û
ɣһҴҲ£½ŭʿڣ
ЩǶˣⳡսڼ䣬ҲܻС洬û֧ŵӶ԰ںļ˳еôһ£ͷˡ
ͬϵĿ޺밧һͬų֮С
ǻǶ͵ĺˮһҲΪոõѪʳ㣬ƺѾ׼øģ޾ļƷ
˹ڵϣصؿ
˱ǰ߻Щſޣұźӣú½׵ǰޡ
ǶǺðգ󽫾ǽӪܣ

ֻһ񣬺²ʱεֵ
̽ؿ½ף½ü
Ӫկͬڳǳأν֮ǣ֮ǳǹȻаվס
ͤӪկûôޣҲͲաοؾڳǽսʿֻܸդ͵սպʿһ𣬵оһ壬һҪӵģô֤ʿЮһأ
ƺԽԽˣǵĿҲԽԽˡ
ܷӪ˵ôһ䡣
ǣȥǡ
˵ֻ֮ңǵȽȥã;бΪ²ܣδܣǱĸһͬǣܿţ
ƺÿһ·ˡ
һƬĿУһƬͷɢĸм䣬ڵĶǰÿһ·ˡ
ǳ̲ϣضˡ
㡭½׳һ£ꢳӪϵǳ̲ϰһȦԳǡ
ûʲôãֻοˡ
Ͼ梣벻ܴʤ̣ܾƽյİ취ϾﻹײеѪ
䣬õ۾Ȼһ£½Уξи취
ȸӪկǰʱϺһּ
ÿ뺺˽棬ű׾ʸѡսЩѵúܣϮ̱ñܿ׼
лǣǼû䵽ǰ
ɵǰЩٲٲӽٲʱôˡ
ӪЩ־ȻŮ
ʱʱȡ֮ԣԾȺҸҪġⲻǿЦǿ׳߲ܿǿΪ֣ʲôְ
󣬲ȸھ䣬м䲽ǰųݣ׼Ӫ
ʱ˵ļһһֵ£ƺЩŮˣҲܿ콫Ҫդǰʱͻʡ
˾ٶǰ˼ں
á󡱣ȸҲ֪ġѰǿܿһʯΪʿܿʯΪȷ߿ɿʯ
Ҫϲ˵װ׼󣬶Ǽ䷱ģⶫҲǰŵʿȻҪʮװһʸʱѾӪˣ
͸դķ϶ƺڻӶ졣
һ£ǱȼҲӲʸһţŲͬ͵
ս˻ˤоŶƵʿ泯صڵϣǶΪʸ͸ˣ
ڴʱȸҧأһ壡壡壡
ֻмʮ֮ңЩȻʹģ
ԼҲεߺʱڶʸ·һ䵶ƽƽؽضϺĶǶ
е
ĵ
嵶


401 
ѾܵդǰҲ,ǿΪʲôֻн̽ʽΪʲôֻʸƿɳ,ûſװʸ
ʱ˵ʿݵرˡ
һһֵʸ֮,òȴ
ʸܴܲݳǰկȻܵ,ֻǧȴǲܵģЩʿ˽ҪǽǶĸɾ,
ȸ֮,˶ݵ֮С
ˣӪǧ຺˰,ںӱ,ֻꢳ赲ƫеʵ,ҪҪȥ
û꣬Ӹʲô
ȸȴȻһ¡
˵ĵ¹ǲͬ,µ½Ϊ,ϧԼĿ,ҲҪƽ
Ȼˣɷ,ΪβһأӪϼȻаڣܷʸǷˣձ˲أǲȥŰɱһΣ
Ӫرˡ
кɱ,а,,н̶ཻ֮ĸ׵סӵĶ䣬СĸסЩѪζƮˡ
ɪɪڵ
Щɹſڵϣǳ̲ϵʯӣȵúܣѵûš
ǧ˶ôţſţͷһҲҶ
ֱɱˣǵҲе̧ͷ
ǲǺˣǲǴʤ̣ǽͷӶʱ˺Ȼɫˡ
ûߣˣ
ЩʱŹªüҲܿķǰƺ뷢йеŭֲ֪ö˭
Ǽţţʹ⣬ӱҲһ˻ˣ˱һԵصڵϡ
Ӫлȫ޶ĺݣ
ʱ˷һΪĴЦ
ɱֻǼһԼѣӪмȻȫ޶ǱҪɹӪˣ
ӪǰĺЩȥЩȥҪЩļһһرƽӪ
ǰĲ߾ųһԵʱòϤĺЩճʱȸӪƬʯ̲ϡ
õоնûʲôԡΪΰӣӲƽЮһоĳʶ
ǾʲôطģҪۿһ
вȥꢳоڴЩɪɪ˰ɵһһҲصͷꢳ
ɵˡ
Ȼһµļ룡
թթ
ʾʱѾ̧ͷһԾꢳǰʱ
Ӫſˡ
ŬӪбܣӪлʿʵ㲻øҪԼʿŰҲӪȥ
Ƭʯ̲Ѿˣڴ̣ʱŬӪг壬ôף
սѾ÷ǳң˫ƺʲôսֻðߵͷȸԼҲ𳤵ս
½վڼϣңң
֮ǰͬ˵˲Ӫ̾㿴
ߵŮݵسĬһǱϾֻѰա
λŮҲĬˣҲ֪
ǨŭǣΪʱϾȲİ梣ҪӮһʤ̫ˡ
޷˼Щյֻעǿ޽ţسɢӪеʿκһ䣬
ֻܿԼʿõʿͬʱ˻սһһһΪͬˤʱ˵ĳѾ¡
ôں̲ϻսڽʯҲȾ˿ɲʺɫƺƺˮҲѪĭ
۾Ѿƿصս֣·Ҳһӽ˺ˮ
ŮɣŮɣŽ죡
˺Ȼ
ԮˣԮˣ죡ʱһӮˣ
Ůɣ
½׻عͷʱԵŮһ
˫ڰ׷۾沼Ѫ˿ʱѪһ
ǽָƽյ顣
ֻǡǿЦЦǵǧ֮ð
̳ʱʱҲһ󣬵̾ʧˡ
ʧ˾ֵľǺԮʱ˵Ԯ
Χǣȴһ֧ǵԮԼ뱻Χľ
ȸҧýģǳ
ˣǱΧˣγ
ʱ׺ݵصԼƫǾͻΧ
ȫͻΧԶΪλУ飡϶ػأͻΧȥ
һꪳɳ֮󣬲֪ʣ¶ٸˣ

˸硣
һһ֮ҲӪˡ
ȷû·ǣҲûʲôɣΧǸʱվõĻƣ˭˵һ͹µģ
֪ǲΪϴԼѾɣȻֵúܷŭūֱӴ
ȸŭѰĴʱͷ󺹵ؽĹ¡
ú棬ôˡ
űֱΧܲǰԮ
Ǹ׳ֺȻǰһ
ȸ۾ض㲻Ϊ̴ʯ
оӪˣûܴεҪɱ˲ȸȸҲ˵ʾ˼֤¾
һȺСͷ˾Ͷܹȥˣǲܴģ˭̾û취ٴȥ˰
Ҫ򣡻زԭȥ
ȰģȰȸģһƬңֻвյС֮˼ƿʣȥ˺һūסС
Ǹ͸ūڣӣӣмС׼ߡ
ϵѾˣɫְէһʲôҲ
ϸһǿǺܲѰɫ
ˣ˵ƺҪء
ūͷҲ
λͷΪǿ⣬ҲǴģ˵㲻Ҫ̫ˡ
ǸūȻ̧ͷֻ۾һ˲䱬޵Ĺ⡣
Ҳġ
ƺԼʧ̬ˣæֽͷȥˡ
Բͷ
ǱֵòɿʲôҲעūǵġ
ūʣֵ𣿡
ūǵͷε͵Ӧһ
ģֵܣ̾һ벽ȸʲôأǽ첻һϣ˼˶֪һǲȸɱ
Ǹū̧ͷˣɵؿ
һõСһ£ǺЦһַ˻ȥ
ֻżипūļ򣬡Īġ
һʱûлͷ
ƻͨΧΧ̴ʯߣʵҪΪǻա
̴ʯôأ
ɽϵͥսٹʮ꣬ʱĶǻǵռݹˮɽ
кȻӿһɱʼղͷ
ڵڶ峿̫ҪʱӪڷ֮ʱӪһ춯صĴ¡
ԼĴϣ˶֪˭²ȸ⣬Ҳûס
ǵĲ壬ʱ˲壬˿ƻĴ
Щ۳Ҳԭĺ˻ʱ˭ҲϵӭģȻʵĽ֡


402 
,ȸδõȨȷѾ̴ʯһӡЩʱͷǳ羴յӢۣԸĳһǿȨͳ,䲽ȸδ²ͤսΪԼ֤
βƵ˱ݻˣһСͷΪ˵ֶ뺺˹Աƾٳ,Ϊֵεˡˣһ·Ҳ˳ǣ,ЩΪȥݾƽµİ,׼ǣŻزԭȥ
ʱǱ˽ݾ,Ϊ˼ݹԱǵ鷳֮,ͤδƽ
ҪѾȥʿռ,ҪΪǼһ,ȵϰ͹ʱ,ҪǽЩʿĸ졣
ЩŵʿǱĿѪζӬ,˿ϵĴֲϵøһЩȻں̲ɹһɹ̫żƢ̫õҲϰա
Щǭǲһģôګګذżֱ,̧ͷſʱӰһ,Ͻֽͷˡ
˼,űǣСȰ˵Լɷ򣬡˼СУͬǽ,²ʱ,ֻҪꢳ,һҪǣƫܵÿ죡ôɴ¼ɤӣ
ɷں͸ˣҲˣﻹ뵽أǺðհ
ѵû˵ȥ˼һֻҪɱеģʲôףһɱ˾ǣ
ȫǺ£ɷҲź
ڹĴǳӪǲģնɱǰҪϴѽҪ֪ڱȻˣϰȴˣ
ѹѹһƬı䣬ҲߣˣǲʶֵĴ죡ǸǸǸվںӱߵˣŲ̫λ
ЩȻʶúϰֺţͤؾȴϵõģ֮㻶ȸԾʹԺˡ
̫ʷȽˣǵˣ
˭֪С½мλ֣佫̫ʷɣʿԥͬ
ͬ˭ţ
갰ԵӪկɽ£ɽ͵֣󣬶˵ѹʮɽʣһӪկʵ̩ɽܣعڵͥҲԩ
ӪկرһԵĸоЩ䶼Ծ¹ڣԼһ㣬Ϊǵ̫һ㡣
Ϊ̫ʷˡ
̫ʷоʱǸǳصˣʲô۽ףҲʲô˿ڣȻݣҲǵ͵佫װ硣
ΪͬеһλЩ˵Ĺ١
ҲأֻǸֱգɫСڣټһ˫ľ죬úãټ갰ȷʵҲѧʱλĹһ߹ڲ߹ʱ갰ߵȻ;Ŀ¶ȶȣٸ棬ˬˡ
Ҿãбλ´¸ò֮ˡ
СԹѰֱô˵ҲСһ̵Ļش
졣
갰ԼװʲôûȵȺ֣һ
³ĲݰΣר֮£β۳Ͷ٣Զˣ
Ⱥشúܿ죬ر
񽫾дŸңἰʱ²°ãвģǰ
갰Դӱһ̴ٵЦӪկȥǰҲֵһˣ治Ǿѧҳ¾Ȼ·Ҫ˵αطģˣֻҪϵݣٲعܵģ
վһҲѹѹһƬȻ˵ʧʧ
Ⱥܣǵȷͻὥأصش·ʧ
ٳʱǿ׳ЩĻںɹΣЩľͻݸϳˡ
Ѱһū澼۸ҪǮϣЩʱ˲ֻͨǧǮ˺ͺӸˣǸԣЩݰҲһؼԼɻ
ôȥ亣ߣôԼϣֻҪԱǿһַҪȺġ
ҪЩﲻͨʱ˽ԭ֮ΪܡǿǶ˽ץʮץʮҲץþˣҪΪܣҲЩūΪܣһֲʱˡ
Щ߶߶ĵȺǶġ
񽫾ȽЩʱиң˵ԵΣ綫񣬾ȥ
갰Ա㲻Ȱȥˣֻڵؾһơ
֧˵Ķе㳤̫ʷϾԷģһѷ£˵ǰѾӱˣɺٶеоͼ·ϣʱ춼ۣҪҪȰӪ£ܲٵ㴬ܵĻûйˮƽ£ܶɹƺ
ʱ²ûͤǰ£Ⱥʱȥߡ
Ӷ԰ææµµҲкܶˡ
ſٲĻƺˮЩϦææµµ˾ԵرңԶ
άı䣬ȥǴݵС߳ߵ³˻ϵǵĴ򣬻ڰ߸ɴ֧һСЩ֪ʲôĸˣڵżǺԱ߳Ժȵ˴
ȵʱЩϵãȻ߿ɫ㽥
ÿһ˶ڴܹ뿪ȴִҪ
ôˣҲ
Ⱥضſ˲֪ãȻͱһڼˣ
ˣģ갰Դ˵
ŶׯʿһӾͨˣ
갰Կ˸оΪ֣ٴȤ䣬ӱߺȻ
̫أ
ڻ˹ˣ
ڻ˻ӣ˭벻ġ
ֻҪڻ˵˼άȥֺȻرˡ
Ѿʱˣֻʣ¸½õһͭ㶹ԽԽĴ
ڻҲֻ̣һңҲһ֧Ĵ߰ü壬зǴﻹеƢͳԹ
Ӳܰо¥಻ܰ¥оļͳһ̬ȣԸⰤ̣оһᣬԱߣͲȥЩСˡ
С֮䣬ҲβƵۣ̣ǽģǾֻĳԹȥĳԹϸµĳԹǰĳԹһΪԬЧ
ôȺһôԬ½ӱأǲ˹ˡ
ǵĿȻȻ˶ϿȥѰһݣŹٷƵ·ߣٶɾô
ǾͶɺˡ
ˣûȫɣǶɺҲҪҲͦģӵڻ˴ڸ̫ǿһҰһ̼ʹյݶϢȻҲʹˮɽ갰
갰Կ꼱˼һֿĳȺȫȻƵᣬһҲġ
ĪģЦֲǼ
ڻ˲ҪݣȺüAļݱ¸δȣֵܵڻ֮ڣ
˵ԲһȦɽˡ
ܵڲܲٵܹܼģ
ڻ˶ԬʮֹԲܲٿɾδˣָǹؾشݣȺһһߣʲôأ
ҪбǾͳ±ǰڻߣҪû
ǿ϶ҲЩ˼
ڻ˵Ķûд
ٶɾٶأҲܲôԶµվͻͦá
ɸ˳ߴƿͷ½ųǱֻǿԻһĺʱ⡣
վڼͳǽѲֵı֮⣬ʿδתϽȥˮһ棬˲ˮվڰ߿ûˮľ͹ƨˮʹˡ
½·ʱȺʿôǵλŮˮֻ¶һԴֻ䣬С
ʵȣºƽֵһᡣ
ǲ֪ôģɺȻ˸˳һۡ
˳Ӳؿһ
պȻ
ʲôҲûϽ˵
λ
ǴҲǡ룬ּһ͡
鶼ܺãԸɡ
ⶫȻе鷳ʳֵأúҲͺˣߦҲߦˣڵͿӪİá
ԵþϸЩ׵Ľ֭ķԸСС廹ը⽴
ٰˡûǸɸ˳һ״ףһͷ⣬ر
Ҷžʳָ󶯣
½ȻҲǽܹҽòһֱôλԷʱϲȣϲǸҲͦҲֱų˾ͿſȥǷ
ȻʱǶصģֳϱҲǳԷģϯɢôҲٳһ١
ͲһˣԷĶԼˣҶɶ꣬ԣҲƻɻǸ˳Եöܶ࣬Һܿ죬һԷ͸ʳˣ
ԭôԷġ
ͻȻһС˽
ݱ˾
ۣ
½һľţһӾˣ
˵˭űӣæҵĴֽ˵һ飡


403 
½ʱյĵλ,ʵֱñ˿Ҳϸ,ϰֽ
ھôǻʰɾ,Щʱˡ
һμƺѾȥüˣӡ˳ʲôģҲòˣֻǵԴϹŸ̽յ,Ҫѵƴϴ𺳡
Ⱥ忡ģӢͦģ̫ʷǺȵ,ԥǺŵ,ȺСʵ۶ǿƿģһȺ˶Ȳ
˵ϵǱ۾ÿƺʮȫʮһ,ӺݣЦʱֹ¸󷶶,ЦһЦֺ񴺷档
Ǹͺܲһ
ɫߵֱգ滹˸±һ֪ܳ˶Զ·,Ҳ˿һҲûҡЩ
Ҳû䶯ġ
λݱ˾űǰһȦ,ޱҲ˿
ʱ,ͶƺǱ׼,ҵ,֪ô,ƺ͸һɡһˡ˼
⼸رƵ,
ͤ
ſ,һҾ,еæңҲһҾ
еΡ
ʵڲ죬Ǻ˼һӪھֲԾ
롣
Էأ˵ּˣҪһԵ𣿡
ҡҡͷ
ɼͤ⣬ֻ٣ʳʡ
ߦը˽˵ɺóˡ
̽յ׼ٿʱһ֣ױѾӡ
Ҷһһ㶡
ԼǰҲ㶡
СƺλӺкøУٳٲ磬һ䣺
˾ܳԣء
ڻһ
˳һɣֻݹӵͷӴˡ
Ҳͷ棬Ҳˡ
Ȼٻ⽴ǽ֭ӵİˣɴֻؾ׽š
ٷͳԵúܳĬ
ˣΪһ֮˽Ϊԭ񣬿󽫾
̳ȥˣ׼Ὺˡ
֪ڻ֮£
֪
ؽˡ
̣ҪݣΪʱΪɣԹٶ½ݣĴʳ
᲻̣ܽ٣ڻݴɱӣջٴׯŮ֮ضϱڲԫٲżȮ֮һƬš
ûסߺһ
ݽǳͻأͣˡ
⣿
Լˣ˵θۡ
Ĭض
ΪҮ
ϵ¹ڣΪʲôѰأ
½սƽ˵۲Աȴܾˮ֪а֮زݼʮʿΪ׹ǣ󽫾ƺ²
˵ƽᶨӦ
߼˵ǴģҶǺһ£һ¡
߼Ǽ򵥴ֱĵ°ܣȻܰƽգۻϰɡ
û֪ǻǳУһһװ㡣
ͺ˵һ䡰ں
󷢱ǼλĽûߡ
ؾȻɾ͸һɫ
󣬡˵һ롣
ݱѾӡɵһڡ
˻Ϊܲٻˮ֮ơƵڶڡ
˳ûڡ
һʱ˳̾һûڡ
߲ѷ֪˲Ϊһ䣬ֻרˡ
ˡ
佫ò̫Ужǰе˾ܲô˵
һ˾Ųͤƺ²֮󣬶·ˣֻλرС˾һˡ
˺죬ƽʱҲ˵ûʱϲһƽװȻ¹ںϣȻһЦ
ǰ֪ػǰоʡ
û٣˵ҳԱˣ䣬ġ
˾ܲһҲںˣΪ£
ڻδȥˣ˵¿飬Ϊ˶
ܲƣؿڣڻزԸɺӣ˾ܲһĪǹٶɣ
µûͦ׼ôҲܳһСˣ
λʿһε䣿
ȡ
͸¶˼Ϣ
һ̣ٲƣӣ
ǲϰѾݴ벿ֵıĺû취Իڻˣ
ֲǿһ£ȻǱڻ˾սǻصסģҪûٹ۲ǣǿ϶ûܵġ
˵̣ٲƣ˾ܲʵô֪ģ
ܲԬΪѣȻýԼѵĵ̡
ʵûȥбʿȥųϴ⣬˾˾ɫЩ
˾ܲڵһյСƣǸȻȲ潫бֻ̫żҡһҡԵʵģĪе㺧ˡ
뷨˻ɭɭЦһ£͸ˣ޶ͽȡ
̣ٲƣܲԬܽ𣿡˾ܲ˵ڻ˲ͬʱȻ°裬ȴԬأԬһֻҪΥأ
һ
Ϊȡ˾ܲʵѵǿԲأһҪӪ˴𣿡
ݱϾǲܲٵĵؽ磬Ԭһ㣬ݵսأ
˾ܲһ̣ԬʩܲԮ֣һƬϣıʿֻΣ
˵Ԭ˷ҪһЩıʿȻд֮ġǲܲأܲٵЩʿ佫أ
ԬϵµĻҪǮǮҪҪǳ˻ʵۣϵҪͷһݵĹأ
Ѿ̣ٺЩ˵˼·ˣ
ݱɼݾǰվͬʱҲܽض·ݿʼȫ췢˿ɽΧסսΧȦȫ߶ı
ʵ˵ûʲô㲻Ľ˵
˾ܲЦԬܴ£죬ϻߣڵˣ¹ԭʱգֻҪ屧Ȩݱضҡ
ʱܲȻлģлȫ̽պӱ˵˶˵ûбҪҡ
һ⣬̣ٵΪʲôж·ߣǴǲ³ˡ
һ⣬Ϊʲô
иΪ˷Ĵ𰸡
ܲټҼ໥ʿС£ЩҲмˣʱ˵иĸ޶ڻ˽ɱ¾ﻹ˼ȥأ
Ϊǰʿ̣Ҳɺ󷽱ϴ١
˾ܲ룬صͷ
ԽΪۡ

㻹ʲô˵Ļ𣿡
һ˼ĪԵɭɭС˾Ĭһ¶һоİ顣
ͬڱ棬һǺͿҲͬ׼ɱЩʱͷʱݡ
ЩãȻЩˣǺƽ
ֻǾá˵ѰֻΪ˵ģȷʵġ
ǲܲٵĳӣǺ
ȻȻֻԬӵҳϲͬҳϲǾԵġ
Ҫܹһ֮Ҫңһ̫ƽ
뷨нԶԯޣָôأ
߹һ磬ض˶ڵͭʶҲһ
ûж
ֱĽƾɵͲ棬һƻҲղˡ
Ĭţÿһֶڽǵƣʹ࣬ûΪʹԼϢʹС
ĺˮûУеһִӼ尾뽹жݽѵģϵĿ֡


404 
˼ͬʱ,½Ҳڳ˼
ǸƻƵСúƣ˾˾ܲܲȥ߶½ȥһ,͸͸
ȥҲûҪ͸󣬱ĶҲͰ,ǱҪġ
ʵǡ
ȷӦϸƽ׵ʧ,˾ܲƽ˵,֮,ȴӣԬּ֮,ɲ찡
תͷٴΪ÷ǲ÷أ
,,ȻӦġ
ĺôж,˾ܲԸиһ嵥Ȼ,Ҫݰǲܵ,˾ܲûǹ״򹤡ѡ
еĿǣڽΪԿԬܵĵڶǰ,Ҫﲼ,,ŷɵݾԷֱ·,ֻߺΪһ
֮ܶ,ܸһƺԬ,ǿ϶ڱˮһսڶҪǿ
һ,֪ױ;ͳӪ,ﵽٽƺӵһϡ
Ӷ԰,диվڴڴӣкһקžǲţһߴţиͷɥĻɣһⵣȥʱŻǳġ
ǣ룬ǰǸǰǰֻ߸ǰҲԥرϺУȥɱɱһɱɱʱ˾ǡ
ʱǡȱǽͣȻάһĻҲԱΪ񡱡
չǵǹƥɱ˵ˣû˶ʲô̫ߵ
бо»ˣоɱǭ½㣬ʳ»ٻļͤ½ˣָӻʾԸˣҲһݵİա
ôܾܲأ
޵ı룬ľӲһŵɵģһʲôءʳƥǮ֮Դ֡ģҲͬΪе
£ʼתˣվڻƺӰʱˮ򶫣ɳҲһ·ϣٴǧأ˵ķ硣
ǷǲͣЪģʱһ
ȻͻأȴȻһͷˡ
ƺѾܴȥⳡսôݰָôȣѲ񵱳ǸһƵضԼ˵һ䡪ֻҪܾȣ͸ȥȡ
ҵͷһӶƣľ
Ԭܵı̫ˡ
붫ĺһһʱˣͲνСҲֻˮн
ΪڻԬ£Ĳ壬㣬ʱͬնҪڻΪ׵̣١
֮أ
ǰԽһ·һսǰƺǵˣҪεԷһӪկҪһǳأƣֹȴܵ¡
ʵǣΪֹԬܵûг֡
ʹûг֣Ҳ뽫һȷؿǽ
Aļݾ𣿡
ͻȻתͷоԼĲӷһ󡰿
ô֪
˾ܲ΢΢һЦҼĿԻƺϣһ·ƵϷϷԶȥļݾʶǹ¾£¹ͻȻ𣬶ҲǵAʡ
û
սԶǲɿصġ
ÿһɿضĲɿء
ԶеƻԶ̩ܿɽСɽ
Ҳݣܿǵս¾ΣܿAоδ
Ƿ񹥴ڻȡԬܵĴδҲȡڲܲٵںδô֪أĪ˵˵˵𣿾˵ʵ֪ܲûλӷҲƽȥ
˾ܲ뽲ʲôҡҡͷ
ô˳֮Уʤǧ֮أ
Ҳġ
Ƶ̾һʱкȻһµͷ
½뵽AʱAҲ
˵ʵе㻳ɵġ
Ǹˣûʲôλ佫ظ֮ˣУʵǹʥʥҪһ֤ݵʵŷ
ȥˣӱҲĳͲˣҲսŽ湦֮˰
Ƕû
Ȼ߸Ҳˣ˼ұһ㲻ͨ佫
AܾΪֽΪ£ŲҪټ½͹
ǼͶ佫̲סˡƾǵĺ£ڹ½֮ϣ
ǻʮﴦӪ
һ·оʵعԱݻˣûȺݾԹ࣬Aս᷵˽óһͽʿײСҲܼԿ͵ظš
вɱһΣʵһӣֿʼԹˡ
Ҫǣ͸÷ƵźţֹںӱҲܴˣɽ͹趣񲻱ȹ½ࣿ
һ·ϣ˭Цˣ
ĶǳǮ
Ҫ˵ǼȻԥݣҲͶܹҲһģ
һΣֹǡ
͢ݣǲҪȥӲɣ
һȺ˱ͷʱˡ
йһǱ
ʵŽ͸߽ҲδҪͶΪ۸
СˣԬǲ֪ģô˵Ǻο౻Сأ
ȫڼݣҪ˵·еģҪǴһǮ
һǮȥѰͼ·Σ
ȷʵҲСˣСܰ°
ɽ·ԶƲҵᣬиӣԬˣ
ݣݣһȵùӱģ
ٿһ·޾ɵؾкӱǰ׳
٣ǱҪһ֯ϯĵĴˣ
⻰ֻ˵һΣұ·һAױˣתͷ˽
⼸ھϴĲ˾Ҳϴˣ촦úܲҡ
뷨ֹסġ
ԽԥߣԽҰĿЩԽԽڡ
ԽԥߣA͸ɫԽ
Ŀĵǡ
ǲϰһСǣڴˣǡ
ھ˫ţũеԷ׷ףӶѲȵһϵͻȻ¼ʼϣƺ׼Ϯȡ
ܲҲļı̲ȥˡ
ͼ򵥶ˣҪһԼս
ܲٵľսﱬģ˫Ѿյƴɱ䣬˭ҲϺһ˭Ҳưոݡ
ҲûܳӪʮӭAԭ
AǰʱһӶ
Ѿˣ˫ʿѾʼսҾԼⷽԱ̧ȥ
ˮ֧ƹսֵϦ֮ʱˮҲӳһƬ졣
ǰʱֺӳĹ󲢷ϦһһɻǶӿѪ
ڷʬʱˤˣˤʬϣҲΪ⡣
е˸ɴһһǳزʬ·ǽǷʪҲʬ塣
֮䣬ƬսˣǴŵһ컹ҷѾֱ˴ˣɢһеģϢĶ
߹ʱ󻹸һ׵佫жֹû˵ġ
ѾѪ͸ˣϵ£ѥӶʪġ
ǿЩࡣ
λ֯ϯĳʶһԼϵѪδʶѾɺˡ
ƾAܿϵѪʲô򽦹ģһܿʲôԼ˫ʱľ롣
Ŷλ֮ҵüοƽ֮˼ܴҲسˣӱȻף
Aסֵһ˲ŨҵѪɽ˹ˡ
ⳡǺܲʺ¶һ΢Цġ
A˫ӵ֣ٿĹ¶һȻ΢Ц


405 
Բʮ,ƺ֮ȥʬϢǴ̱ǵĳִһɹ,ֻҪŹĪ˵ŵһ붼̲ס³
ܼݾţƵĿ۽컹Ǳʿ,Եöʮ֡
ǾЩɲ˰,صЦǺǵ˵,,һƬҰɾͷʵ˲ˣӶܳׯڣ
׷Ҳˡ
Ȼ,ɫࡣ
Aɱ˾Ͳ˵,صУоһ̱,ȻһȺУξƫ,ڵѥ
࣡ط,˽Ϊָһ·
ǸˣʱҲƮƮȻ,һ,֪ˣ
֪֪ˣǹ⾰,ֱɱģ̵ģ
ԭΪǴ趣ƺɽʱѾǴ,˭뵽ϱߵ˴ļƣʬɽѪ
ʵҪôתС,ҲȲ
ŽһƬı,䲻,ȴտɼƳǼһ,Ͷһ룬˭ܵеù½
һȺ˵һƬֺѥˣɻ˸Ͻǰһȣһ磬㿴߳ɫ
˵һ߳Щٸϲˡ
̴˿ңʬҰѪɺӣ½ʿȴоɫ֧ʲôıԸһȣҲǵصİˣ
ıһ֧Ľһ½
ôһ룬½ʲô
˶˼磬˶غӱ˶ñ磬·ࡣ
ֻҪ͡½һ̡սһжˣ
˲еҸ
λǸհԶ
±ÿһƲƵģȴ˼ʹȻΪңַӭӣȿ⣿
Уξƫ˾࿴һۣղصͷ
֮
ߣҲҪ֮ˣ
һУξ޲þ˸齣߽ǽǰһʷģɶˣ
ʵе㾭סһȭͷȥһʵĺЦ
½һȺȣǿǸƽԭҵģͣһͣ㼤ҲһҪݹͣǵôӾҽ˵ЩұͬŽսģӪУֵܷͬһϲˣ
ʵĺЦһȡ֮ĶǻǰҰĲ顣
ǲ
½ֻٻأսۣıǧصģҲ̰ģֻҪƽ£λʹһѣߺһԸʹΪӣıһͤ𣿣
ǲΪΪ˹»Ϊ˺ﶼҪмظǿͷ룬Ҳģ
ݾʿһӾǵ˶㡣
ǵǸӮͨԣû취սϷݾʿǣǿ϶һʿô
ʵݾľӪԡ
ʿÿϢԬѾ£Ԯ֮⣬½ڽڰˣѾҪӶȥˣų갺ֱСˣѾ;ĩ·Զˡ
˵ͬݾսѪɺӣأҲҧˡǵʿصСǼ԰һͽ޼ҿɹ飡
Ϊǵ޶СǾս
ʿϾǳٶ۵ģҲѪ밧Ѿǵ񾭣ÿһսֻƣػӪһʳ֪ζ󷹣񣬵ͷ˯ǿΧڽͬ
ӪһЩΪʹߡСǻÿһսѸÿһʼĶУһǶ˵Щʲô
սԽԽɢģʱűнֹһʱĪ˵ǰоҲɢˣЩʿսɢһٿһ
ڼ䣬ûҵӪǱȥûͬ˵ûʲô
ʿǶãȻģЩʹָʿѸ˳ȻӾӪʧˡ
ݵǺ۲֮䣬оӪ֮ƺһµĺ蹵
ӪƣֹսУȻٶ۵ûвݵ׷ʲô¡
ڲܲ˵޷װʲôûġ
ƺѾѳˣÿ̫侲ȵͳ˧ľηʿ׷ĽҲɱеսԼ󷽵ĽݱرʿǵΡ
ÿ̫£ıʿ佫ǵΪͷ粡ʹĬĬᣬγ彣ſҿ
ջǻָƽһƽҲҲͬһĸضԺȡ
ҡ
ΪƵĶͣһ֪ͣƷС
ڼӽگ¾⶯
ֻЩѽӣٿǵԭͺܶɣ⻰͸ѽˡ
һҲûЩίԴ貹ԼҲ˾ƣ㽫ƺ¡
ǵ¶Сˣ
ҲԸֱȥڻȴסǸնɱʹܲ̾һ㲻ңͶ¿ҲȥѰ½Ԯˡ
ֻҪʤһƽ˵һжڻ¡
ܲԭյȾƣ⻰ȴյط¡
½ڻںţԮҧʤ
λܣЦ½֮Ԭܣ֮ߣѽǣ飬ѵ߻Ӳ𣿡
˫۾΢΢С
־󣬶һʶԭĻᡣ˵
Ȼ߻ûмս½ô˵Ļпһ䣺
ڸбˡ
ΪʱҲڷ⡣
ܲٲ۴һܴܵĵˣսǾҪб֮ģҪȫԸġ
ȷ룬Ҳġŷ˵һ֧פݣȴѾееΣڳＯݡءӡԼߣ׼֧Ԯ½ʱԬȫ濪ս
ŷ֮⣬ݵıȫˣͬҲ˹ֻµ˲ǧ
˿׼ļƣԳµдŹ˵߿ʼʱһҲе⡣
ԭҪһµǣóµǾżģ±仯
ȫĳ佫ӡüӺǬں󷽴ı֣ҲǴģϴӾ֪ոҲûǿȥ
ȻA켽ݾˣ̽Եؿڣ뽫Ƴع꣬Ծߡ
һȺ̾Ϳʼ
˾AҲһܴ򣬲Ҫ̫ˣ
˾AҪǺܴ˵ùܣ
˾AҪǵڶȲֲܴùܣֱˣⲻ鷳
ϵͳԵظһش𣺡Aδȣǿ򸽣䣬أ
˫ϸüëһ״
AǲµԼԿߣ꿤ҲǰߣҪһûӣ߼ȴĶܵˡ
ﻹȥ길أ
Щû˵ڣֻص̾һ
˺Ȼ˵ˡ
˽ߣǧֻҪһҶۣ;㹻ˡ
оʶһ˲侲˵ĲӶ˹ǡתͷȥǸڳԵˡ
ֻҪЩ۾ȫȻǴɻˣ⹻ʲôã
˷һ̴ٵЦ
ʹȻ˿¾һʲΣ
Ǹ졣
޷磬ִһ⣬Щˬ˼
վ̨ϣӸµһѹѹʿ̧ͷγ̺죬ϵЦݾôҲֹס
ԭǸ緢Ŀ꣬ȻһЦ⣬ʿ̧ͷģһ
ĵֹᣬսպգ˵½Ѿǰˣ
սЩؾոЩνķңǿĸΨΨŵŵ׳Ƴ
ڽСҲҳӣʿǱһһؾãɣµһ
Щʿ̨Сֹ̨Щҳıʿ佫ȴµöࡣ
ֻҪһһ˵Ľţקһק˵䣬ֻ߲һǸʼճٶ۵ĸ첲⣬ԷҲˡ
˵λɽ
û˵
ʹɹģ
ʲô
Ǹӱ㴹˴ֽĿߣǼ¶һֻȻղ֯顣
޲ߺȻǰһ
ҽ֮ڣԽ֮β⣡
꣡꣡꣡
ɷϣȫǶӮһսź
·֤ҲĿϣ˶ڷ⡣
ڳ֮ǰһβɡ

ʲ
죬䣬βһͷ¹أ
ʧ¹¹
İ꺺ҵǣҲûﲮһͷ¹ˣ
ߵһҶСϣСĵؽӷ£ʹ·п͵ò
˴谵ˣͣҲֻԼǰ
λʿͰ˵λĹκƴ󣬺αд˾أ
ͳ콭ҲǸˣһ˵˼˵Ҳ
ˡʿ̾һλѾ
ߵһͷǣ
Ȼô͸⣬Ǳʱݣǰһ
ӢۣڼȻأ˫ֽݸſǰԸףλʿһ֮˵֤


406 
һڽ˵,ܲѰ
Щ׷߸ӵ޽˵ν벻ͨΪʲôᷢ,Ǹˬ,ĺ,ûκβװ
һЩļ,óı˵·ǵʲôӦ,ķչ
˷Ѿ۹ƣѹͷ,ɫ,ľҲ紵죬¡¡ԶƲżһ,ԵƸڣ䡣
ˣͯ,ʱҲæҵش﹡Ҵææܻؼң޶õӭӼ豩ꡣ
ʲôҲûʶ
峿ȷҪȥԵģͽɽо¹һͷƯģëɫ¹,ԶԶȥ·һѩ
Ǹͷ,ϧЩ֮,ҲͲ¡
ڲ,Ԭʴ£ԭͬһڷڵҲĺʤġ
⿤Ϊһݻҵɲƫһ磬ﵱǿģΪҶɣҲҪһ¹ԭʶ£
ɷ緶ɵЦ˹δ֪¹ң
յǰʩɣ֮һü´һЦ
ʩɣһҪͬȥԣ˽һŮģ
ʩȴһԲͬգ¼Ϊִꪣܲ޿׸ì׳ƣ
ճУͬȥΣ
ӽչˣÿһĴƤףۣһװȫµģǷƯΧһȦλյҲ̲סһʡ
ЩԭûóˣҲ㣬֮󣬾ͳ߷ֵĿ㣬Ҳϲ
Щ˶⿤գǻô˺ƤشѹȻǱˣҲϹ˳˽٣ܴ˼֣䵭
ǽȴͻȻչ룬⵽Լ뷨Ǹֵ뷨أ
Լ뷨üˣЩҲҪ뿪ӣһҵˣǶߣս˵йأ
ʵԸ˸֮ǸˣһȵİʾұǼҪϹҲһ˼еʾá
ױǣʮױѾϣ׼һͬ߿һۣȴı⡣
ЩױǸģ׳岻ν
ֲɱУոǿ䣬ǹһ˳ȥԣֻⵤͽɽУҲ޷
ЩױأȺƯӵߣͱĳ
ǽ첻ԣ߹Цɾͬȥǡ
ױһ
ձҪǸԻؼң㸸ĸ޶
ǡ
һȺ˳УͽǵĽͷʲô
Ī˵ŮɣʮҲܳ
ǣǣŮɣ·߶Ⱥòɾָָ㣬Ʒͷ㣬Ů󷽵ӳң
ҵ˭ҵ˭׬ҪҵΪ׵ɣֻҪܵؿһۣҲԸأ
ŮʾȴߵͷϣΧ˹Ц
һƬУʩ˫Ư۾طһ¡
ԼͬһۣЩЦɾеúܣҲ̻
Ƕһ˫ɵ۾ÿһ˫۾Ǻġ
ͬ󻺻ĺƣֺ䡣
ȺƯ׼ɽ˵ĿҲ
Ǳ߳磬⼸첻ͽɽˡ
ɽΪɽʫǲ˲ڴɽ˵뵤ͽмʮ·̣ƽʱԷԻ˽ɽ޷࣬ʺϴԡ
˵һȷóԣϸϸһּ䣬̦޺û¹ĺۼľûв䵽һ¹ëͨЩľԵ͵֦ҶԵʲô̶жɽе¹Ⱥϲϲ
ѡɽĽߣƽ̹ҰľҲïʢ¹Ⱥػᾭˡ
¹ȺˣԵʵҲ𣿡
һ潫Ĺȡ׼ϸ鿴һ飬һؿͬһۡ

ͬ㲻ˣһ̲סڡ
ǵɱ𣿡
ǧʯĿӶ˶ɱãΪһμңſڣɱ
仰Ƕһ˿Ҳˡ
ߴûǹǧʯʲô
ʱɱ̫ɣɱ⿤̫ôˣ
Щ̫Ƕ͢ѡɵĹԱȻǲܳŵġ
ÿһǧʯ̫أһĿԼһԳƵļ壬ǵͨһЩſͣͬʱЩӣʱҲǰӵġ
ߵıһ̫ЩſȻҲɢˡ
ɢܵÿııҪ죬ܵĶ뻹ҪҵǮһſͲ˵ģи벻ЩһҲϡġ
ôһһһεĿһﱨأ
ɽѰѰ˺ܾãһһҪѰͷ¹ټ֪Ƭ߿յϡ
ܵƺЩˣЩɾϾǾߵױͲټ
ֻһˣԾһƬľԣǰȻʡ
ԼвһÿøߴľԶԶȥһÿòͬľ֯һҶҲ֯һƬֶһɲľУ׼ϸ̽һ
з
Ҷɳɳ죬ԶĽˮʱߺȻⲻͬѰľвһ˿졭ǹҽʽ
ʲôˣʵ
Сǻƽʿ˲ԣ
ǹƺȥ
ۣԶԶȥȴ󣬲
оѣ׼߹ȥʱƿ
һɼļ֮Ǽ۰Ϊ֮Եľʹ
һ
̿Ͳֹһˣ
Ǿ
һ˲䣬ߺȻʶһܿµ¡
Ѿ˼ˡ
¹γǸѾѰλĴ̿ʱҲѴת˳
Ǹ̿ͣӦǸֻڰ͵͵ĹСˣô潻棿
һ˲úֻҪԼܹ嵽̿ǰ˱¡ʤһ
Ǹ˾𳤵㲻سʱ𾪵޷
Ǹ̿п˾ŭһɱ⣬Լŭ
Ľʱûжͦţĳһ˿һĳɣ
ǾԲǽܴ򶯵Ĵ̿͡Ļ־ʿ
һһ⣬ֻͬھ
ʶһ㣬Ҽѵջ˳ƴȫضʱڶѾˡ


407 
͸Ҷ,һ˿˿һƵˡ
ǲ⣬ûô԰ףҲûô,ǲ԰׵Ĺ֦ҶϣչïĴҶƬҲò԰ˡ
еһжʼɫ
ӿѪ,ɵƤ,˼˿ͷԼֳֵ̿Ǳ
ʮ־»,Ƕ˼öССıʯ,̿Ͱεʱĵһʡ
,ȴѾʧɫ
ֻߵ۾,һ,һ
۾㣬ţתţڽ߾ȫظṩһɫ󣬵ǷԽԽ,ʲôˡ
ǰĻ棬ཻ,ҲŲƬ֮ǰŵģĲľ㡣
ߺ֪ʶʧȥɫ,̫Ѫ
ǸȫԸ,ѹһ,漸Ҫ,˵ó,ܿİһѹǸʿ
ʶǴ̿Լѽ߶ѡ
ʮĲݴ̿ͣǶߵսɲԷƱ
һʱҪʹȫסĵٺݺݵһȥȴ񶳽ˡ
Ҫ
ֲͷһȻҲ޷ʧ
ʮʱ֪׵Ѷʱˣʮսɳ¹ʲô
Ǹͷһ֣Ҳ޷ʧˡ
·ΪߺΧˡ
̿ҲˣҲʮֽż˺ܴأŽҧʱ֮໥Ħ
ҲԼĺȴ̿͵ļٵöּ࣬
ս˴֮˵ĺǸͷûܱˡ
ǲҪԼ˵лأ
ǱضģǱضܾ
ЩЩױʮ游һͬսҵϱҲԸΪЧЧֻҪˣ̿ɱͿԱ̧ȥ̧Ĵϣҽʦˡ
뷨һ֣һѻһȼ־
һ˲
һƥǺܶƥ֮Ҳֻѷһս
Ļþ
ΪʱõϵĴ̿ҲͻȻһͣ
ߵ۾ƺܿɫˡ
ƬּյصıԵɽȷʵתƤףۡ
һ߾ոµƤ·žıɫ󣬵ǵԾȻʧɫ
д̵Ľۣ˽ߣб˿ۣ澫֯ƣнɫۣݣһ֮УΪۡ
糿ʱһشӡֻ̣ҪɨһۣЩѤõĻ涼
ңлŮɰĽɫЩԭóصĴʱļ䣬ͻȻȫˡ
ӵǲԼͬͣ
ϣǣԶĮؿ
һ˲ʲôˡ
ʧȥʧȥʧȥҲʧȥȫ֪
ΨһܸܵģǷ罥ҲԶһɽ
صпܣһҪȥһε̩ɽ
ߺȻ۾
ĺӿŵͳݼ߳һһѪĭ
˫Ѿʧȥ۾Ȼһ⣡
ᣡ̫Ҫҫ۵Ĺ⣡
֮һ̿޷ͻһͻȻϮ˲
̿þȫһҲֻ¶ϣỮȴ˿ܼգԡѪеڷʱǸ̿͵кȻһֵͷ
˰ҲҪƯ
еĸпûü
Ѿǰµĳŵڿ԰ĵرˡ
µһ˲ҲһﵹصԼӵĽŲ
Ƿ̩ɽĽŲ

ЩӣЩΧӸµؿǵ
ƯϣȫȻֻбĳŪ
ߵʶѾģˡ
࿴һֻۣ뿴һûĸأ
ᴩһξǰ
ҮҮ
ԭʹడ
һϢ̧߱صͽʱЩŮһˡ
еͽеϰնŵôæܻؼңֻסڽֱߵ˼Ҳڴ£еӴЩ䳤Щ˻̽ͷһȺµ飬ŵøϽͷȥˡ
бҪģһɣСｫصˣܰأ⿤ʮطɱͷģ
ǼмͽСŵñһɪɪһǷֳֻѣҰѲ̿͵ľ󶼲롣
ʱ˭Ǵ̿ͣ˭Ǵ̿ͣѵЩǭ˵
һƬУС˵ˡ
ҪǡСｫôأ
Сｫû̾
صУԼĵܵȨ֣ʾǿһЩҴˣϲ
Ůǿ֮УһʮʿҴææ߹ˡ
ӣѵŮǻҪЩȾùΪŹѽϿɰ
ЩţۿŵĽʿ⻰ɫ΢΢һ¡
ǵĿһضʮϡ
Ǹʮ㣬Щų걻ǣţǵǰһ
СףԺ󽭶£Կˣ
˺ȻǰһҲֹס
ӣҵȾΪܾԱȪȾģ
³仰ʱһȺʿǷ·һ˲˹һѪɤͬҵŮȸߵͣҪǻѪǻߣǻ൨Ķһй
һƬ˷÷ҲҪʱȻ˵Ŀͣ
ЩʿĿһͣ
ſڴһˣĳңһ֪ǿӱ޸ϻģŲҴҵ߽ߵʬʱ۾ȴһҲûС
ûпޣȨȴԼֳһ㣬Ȼ˹
ֹȥȨ֡
۾ﻹһˮûУһ
ΪΪѣðĸĽ飬ҲһТߵǰ
˻ǲͬ
ҵ˷ɥǷɥֻ£ȴ⴩£ڳףҹȨԱߡ
ʳ߲ݣǸˣһ׵ܵ飬ÿ䣬ֶ᲻Ծڽϡ
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ŹĪΪô
ɱң˵Ҳ㡣
ŹΪֻһһɱǣ
Ҽƹ̵ıһȺ佫ɫ֪кˣ̾һֻǹһŮ죬ֵΣ
ҹ˾߹ľǰԡ
Ϊ֮ƣΨҸӣܣģܱסͼա
褾׽ʣȻо춼ǿɬ
գӳˣԬһսͷֳʤҪһաλСҲһ
̸ף
һǻԭѪЩǿЩʦ֮һǻѪ֮С
λߵڻ̾һ
ҷȣֻĲѰǰԲģ²޵ſͣݶıϣʵ˭ڳıߣ
һ㶣ҡҡͷ
Щ㵵Ŀ̾ϢŻش
Խѻȥˡ
ҶС۲ڰߣƾϾɫжã˺࣬еĿʼҲδ͸͸
ֻڴϼˣϰһ˽£֮⣬λ˼
ֱһգɽʱλһϢĺĶûУ̷Ըҿˡ
Ī˵褣ڳУӦѶѰҴİӰӡ
ˮ棬
λʿ߳գվڴͷһʱ̲סˡ
Уʲô£
ȥ£
ȥλ˸֮⡭ֻȥоƷ·ƻ
Ǿˡ
Ҳ㲻¡
λ߹ڲʿԼĺӣƽЦˡ
ƣô£ڼ΢Цøһס


408 
ıս,һҹ֮ɢˡ
Ƿ·Ǹ̫һҫ۵ͳ˧һͬᣬڣ֮С
ӡֿѡҳϵ佫ǻΪ˺ѷΣض,ʿҲΪ,ڿͬʱһ⣺
,ǻ򲻴ˣ
ʧȥͳ˧,ǵȻû취ٰԭƻؽ,ȹ꣬һ·,ݡ
ЩûнȡҰ,ͬµƴһǸҪάһ֧Ӵľӡ
˵,ֻҪֳʤλԭ֮ϭ,ٵȨӷһ,ҽȫҶӻǡ۲ǡȥһӭжˡ
ڽ,ʿֱַͻؼȥ,ͬǵ޶һ,һµһЩũһ߼صȴŽһٻǼȥ۵졣
һдûǺܿ죬ҪܵõϢƺԱ½͸֪Ҫòյһˡ
Ȼս׵С
֪ߵһӦΪ¶ա
˵Aľľ,˵Ķ,˵,ÿһԸıսֵһڵ㡣
һѾûȥ֧Ԯˡ
ʷϵĲܲҲٹľ棬ʹܶҲΪѹпҶԥ֮ҲΪκΣ
ĵڶ磬̫ʷҲˡ
ֻǧǰӣоͣںϰһǶɺʵڲףǳ˼ݾ֮⣬Ԭ̷һζˡ
Ԭ̷Щãظһ飬ˣ
̫ʷԥһʿƽԭǣ϶δӣֻںӱפ
ˡ
ҶܳĬΪºܹ졣
Ԭ̷һֱ趼Ǹ򵥴ֱֻ¡Ϊ˰ְ֣͡˵ܵܣˣһԬ㳲ݲûзǧ˵ǣһαս˵ԥҲؾֱŲǧ˳ǱӪˡ
Ҿ̬ѾȷԬ̷̬ȴ
ľӵúһ²ſʼѾˡҪ֪ԬЩҪĴıͬԬ̷ǰûʲôɴģûк֮ǣıʼƽԭǣҲƽԭǣֻҪӵֻҪʮʱͿ򡢼ݡεһϵ̵ġ
ǵѾˣһξҪˮˣ·ٶȸǷɿˣƽԭô߶·ݰմҲѾˣҲٶȡ
һֱϾ˼Ԭ̷ʼսصʱЩ¶̫ʷתģ
ǲڵȴɵһ䡣
̫ʷҡҡͷ
ȱλȱ˴ƽԭݵĴãһƺˮƼȱҲˡ
˳˼һغȡ
ҿԬ̷Źԥƴǰ̫ʷ˵ѵδʶɣ
Ԭ̷۰ȷǴǰ᲻ꪣһֹסۣҪ𷣼ʹӲ˳ġ
ƽ͵ϣһ濴ŮСΪҩһͼɹĲξΪס
±飬Ӵʱȡǧˣ̽ȡһ㣬½·һϣıңĹͣӲȡ񲻿ϧأ
شξ
ξչǹͼֶӣҲŴƵԲӺͿɵȻƲϿһ˾ʮֺ
ͼһټѾ˵ͣº͵΢Цʱ۽ǵܻԳһδݲȵĴϡԬ̷þˣ˵̹ģҲȫ̳£ҲԼ
ֶӾͲ̫á
ᣬЩסǰĴɫĮֻŮ̲סθˣҲ̲סӿˡ
Ԭ̷ȥʱطФƵٰʱԵú񣬶Գһ̰ơ
ôأ
ξੲݵسףԬ̷ȴֻŶٿϸ֮ں̾һ
˾úǹͼĿԼ飬һźϵ
ڻֶӣһӾ¶ˡ
ӣ
˰֣㲻常
ξһʱͰˡ
Ԭ̷ʼڻƺӱԭܼ򵥣ͼԭҲܼ򵥡
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ҲԬ׿ϵģҪûȫ鱻ͼɫд鲢ï˧µϣи׶Զӵڴ
һְֻԬ̷ʱȴˡ
ҵںδ
ξոջָɫһףȻԬһͬµġ
ʵĲԬԬ̷˵ʵԬУԬԸ
ףȻ
Ҳ֮䣬ɼҵˣλף
ʵòξѾ޷ˣŬؽתһķ
ӣԬ£¹ԭΪӣӸֵ֮βѹʱð
ҩˣŮճ̵ĺɫҩ֭һµձСĶ
ﶼɬζüͷҲ壬һڽһڵؽҩ֭ˡ
˭ĴƣԬ̷ƵʣҼʫţΪӣҪͬ׵δ
⳹ݽΣյ
һԬģԼ⼸Ԭ֮⣬˭Ȱ˭ָȰʲôأ
ͼĲξѾȫԬ̷µˡ
ԸƫĵĲԬǣѾ˵һЩˡ
˳ĶӦĬ˳ӵӸ׵ʦ£ƴ۵ع򱱺½ı
Ԭ̷Ѿˡ
ⳡԭʵ䲻ԵȵսΪԭĵһչ
ֵ̿Ĳξ֮⣬˭Ҳһ㡣
½ȫ̽ݵϢ֮󣬾̸мȥ
ǲ²ԬЩӵİģֱֻΪһʲôԬ̷ԥˣˣץסᡣ
ҳȥڻеܹ𣿡
̣ٳʱ£ϴׯܽٶɣʺҪɽɻݣ㹻֮áƽ˵
֮أʵƺӽڻ뼽ݾˣȴҪܵУ
罫һ㣬֧ŵ񶬡ص
½ֱΪ˵̣٣Իüͷûʶ仰ﲢ̣٣ǲܲ١
ݵȫֻһʱ⣬Ҫ£ֱѰһȥ·ԼѰһ·ѡ
ӷġ


409 
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ȴһɽ
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Ժ̫,û취һһ⽫Լ֮ȥ¡
ʹѾ˵Ҫ,ڻҲ๤Ҫ
˵һǳǳԵ⣺ǵΪʲôƺӲأ
Ϊǲģȥ,һ촬һòˮȻܹǸɴѰõ֣ؽ£Ҳ䲻һǣȻһ󺹡
ƺÿ굽˶ͻģƽĵط,ǣŵܹȥˡ
ͨҪͷ,ƺӾ͸˵·Ƶġ
˹ٶɺͲͤ,ȻҪǽ,ڶԬġһˣ
Ԭܵ
ݾδӰ,ԱİѾ𽥿ʼǨ,һǳҲʼӹ̣ˮһꢳ,Ĳ
һж֤ԬԼͳʮѾҪˡǵǰ,о,ˣ٣Ƿּ·ģĿĵض
ҪԥдţӰӵ㣬Ϊʿǳﱸ¡ⳡ쿪ʼսۿɼزҪ죬ҺܿҪĿ
Щ֮⣬̽ڻڣƶһڻļƻ
Լ˵ĶһԵƾϡ
ΪʲôѰˣƫҪΪأȻһıԹ
ʵ֮Ĵ󺺹ţ˲󣬡ƽ˵¶ɺӱʣȻʿ纺һԴʱˣ±֪Է顣
һ¡
󺺣ʲô󺺹ţ̷Щ£Ϊ˴󺺡
Ŀºͼˡ
ģеǸ󺺡
з紵
˶ׯһ˿ʹ紵Ŀ䣬Ŀ⻹ᶨ
ǲһ乧ά
ȷʵҲ벻ԼЩʲôϵͳģı£߲ݣԶǰеˣ֪г̵յϵͳء족ʲôأ
ũ˴ʱ𣿡
Ȼġ
ֱҰѿ֮ʱѵʲô춯ص𣿡
Щʱ˻ڻھǵУڸոմӶݵξ
żΣεһֲԼһİģδȥĳӡ
Ѳʱصȥģλӣǵǲ԰׵ЩʧѪɫƤԼӵĿ⡣
סݼģ˶Ŀ⿴Ǹˡ
Ǹ볯ްݲϵİƺų߱񣬵ڵĿʱҲؿ˹
Ŀʵʣʱڵ̾һҲܶˡ
п־ĹΪֻƽԭԮĹԬ̷ֻ½˵оĹЩһȴһԸԮֵĹһ˲䶼ӿ˹
ڶξڼѪԨûһ̣ܻ᱾ܵԼѧõһУʲôã
΢˺ܿͽǸجζԺˡ
ѧõһУõġ
ѧλʿڵǴú֣أ¹Ѱģ
ڲȫ׫һũĲонģоݵ뷨˼λǸũˣΪ߷һЩ޸
ⱾβˣѧΪصġ
кιֵλ֣أڼˣЦǺǵһһ⼫ˣȴǫ飬޶ѧʼ裬ǳֻǳ֮£ΪЦ
ľٹ˵ɣҵᱻƭѧʿ̷ʳΣΪľѪ
ǰКʤ֮󣬶𦣬ѧְˣľٹ޲ƪ׫£ȴ֮⣬зȡũͼףʤˣ
ľٹΪ׫飬ȥֲᣬѰũ󡪡
ҲƲٱ״Բ顭ũ࣬˵ģ׫飬ӴũĶʵ˽Ըľٹ°
ЩѧʿУԭǴ˼ֿ빧άصģʱȾҲа˼
ȻǾѧҾԼһڣųڷĽӡˢֽţΪҲӡԼڵ飬ǽԼ顣
Ͼ´ǿ֮ӦһӾ͸
Ҫд飬дȴһũ顭еʼδġ
ǲߵĿڻ¡
Ҫ½ǸѧʺǸ򣬴дⶫĿԸһ㡣
Ȿ鱻ѧѧСĵȡòţŽϻУȥӡˢæµ
ʶֲ࣬ȥ궬Ůָ㣬ѧ˼ٸֵġ
ⱾƧҲ٣Ϊչũ˵ĻˮƽǼ򵥡ס׶
ЩũҲĽ飬ͼףҼȻÿһķװͼֻũߵװͼͼôȱ۵ľϼҲĥ׵ĳ̶ȡ
ֽûѡʲôϸ׵ֽѡֻҪּܿͺãֲһҲνıֽĳɱͽһֽȥˡ
AھҪǧǮĻ¸һɱų˹֮⣬ҲʮǮһȻͬ½㵱򵽵һӲࡣ
Ǿǵܣ󽥽򱱺أȻ𡢶ꡪ
ֱежƽϴ峤շתˣǮһششС
Ҫжְվڣְ֮⣬ֶһճ̣ÿ춼Ҫóʱһλѧʣʶĳũ
ʲôũô֣ʲôطͬҪͬʱ䣬ƵʣôȽϺãָʲôܣһ㡣
տʼЩũе㲻ģ˭дģǴ壿ֵ𣿴ܽ²˺дľȥдʲôũ飬ָ˭أ
ȥЩ´˾ͽˡ
Щ֪ЩȴδŵģһЩǼˣҪŻŵɱȥĳһҲ˵o֪ôӦԵġ
ˣдģ֮ʱֶ
磬ôģͷף岻ľ𣿣찲һ
඼ʲô
˵ԭôιˮϰģ
ǿɵòǧȺ֪
֪ˮˣͲ֪
˭дģǸҲɣʱһݣⲻǸ׵С½ˣ
Ƿңб½ԼѧʶƷϺ˾֪Ͻǽһµ䡰ϾӡǸҲϣ·һ˼ǧꡣ
ǭǾûˣ֪Ǻܲ׵ģ֪Щũҵ·´죬͸ˣ񡰷ˮǺʱеģֱڣЩũͨͼ׿ôġ
ˣͺðˣ⻹һѽǺӵ͵ظߣû취
һⶫһԳɲɣ
λϵĽũÿ˰£εһһֱ࣬ںŵѧ﷢˴Ŷңò
ȻǼı׷Ŵ˿ʮأףûȫȫβػش壬ǻصʱܵӢһĴ
ΪܣҲزסˣ


410 
Ѱ½,ĺǲ֪ܲģйһĶԻ
ʱ۲Ǻ½ģֵͬٲֽܹͯ,Ҳеĸˡ
޾սУǳѾ䡣Ʒ˺ܶ࣬ЩӼţ,Ĺ̺,һʧ,ʣµֻһЩũƷ֯ƷֹƷ٣۸Ҳܸ,һʮǮٿھҪǮֹ,ʳļ۸͸Щ
ܲ,Ϊ죬δ,ʳŸոձո,ͷβѾм߹һߣһʲôǺеóѵʱЩҲýûп,Ҳûʣʣ˿Զǳԡ
ȻΪ۲Ѿûгˡճ־õĴսŸ˵Ѫʿ˶ͷ,ͷġ
һ̳ƴ,ȸʹɣǻ£غգ˭˭ӮǶѽ
뿪۲ǰ,ľһ⾰,¶˾ģһҪѰһȾƬѾѪأ
ĺȻǲͬģ½ԥ׼̸·ӵȥţ̫ʷҲܵʲô¶û
ȥΪѰ½ɣĺʵҪ££
δ֪Ԫ˵¡Ϊ˭
ǰӽگĻ̻̣½ʿģ
£УעǰһƬɫ
λΪսʧһĿĲܲĸȻǸˣȴܺþѧϼΣϲεþͥԺʫϵ滨Ժиˮʱа㸡
ͥԺ滨ѾӰĺ˽ǶˣһЩ߲ˣ˿͸оܽӵ
ͲЩ䡣
ǶǳѾҪϾ·ˣܲӮǵʤֶѲڴ˴
ĺ׼۲Ǵһݣͼա
ЩѧģŵģΪ̵ĶǱܲҲᴥ飬Ȼᣬдһʹʫд֮ɲܸıľϡ
ģѵ˾Ϳ
ԪΪңı㲻ɢôĶŵĿʿЦһҲʵڸ߿ң
ĺһȻ÷߷ȻΪţȥˣнʿֵ룿
֪ڻ֮£¾һ֪
Ѱʱڣ£ǰ;֮£ΧǾĵġ
ݴµôˣǷ·֪ԼͿҪһֻص˴ӭӼǸԼܻᵽĴ졣
Ǹ첻һ˵⣬롣
ΪĺѾתʲôҲ˵ĿвصĶˡ
ܾ𣿡ʡ
ĺҲܡ
ɱ𣿡
ĺδǹ⡣
ǵȹӹţȴְһõʿ壬ĺλ϶ΪŵʿĿʿ˵䷶ңԳϣ֮壬֮ࡪһ£˽Ծ
ôɱأ
ּȫƿصĶԻĺе䲻ڡ
ģҲǲ˼ģȻݺݵؿڣȥҮ
Ļ䣬ƺзͥԺ
ľ죬ݳҲݵسĬˡ
ĬһҲĲ²ʧ̬
ұѡ
ӵϢûд̣յһЩ˿
˵вڹٶɸܵúܿ죬ˣڻˣȻһ
½Ϣһڻ
긻ǿԼһ⣬ĳԷԭ˺ܲͬǲмʲô֮ζģ⼸մԵջĶ࣬ܺãصҪһֻɱ⡣
ѪܵĸһָͷһƬһ̣պһֱӳԣʵʵѪڿǻը຺ڻҲ̫ܵζ̣ٳԵú㣬ҪԬ޹ŮⶫŻԬһأ
µһͷĿʣ֪˲Ķʱ̣һԣһ溬ʣ½
õ϶Ĵ𸴺̣ٽӶһԣһ滽ūһͬԼ
ȡٶɣһͷΪˡ
Ҳ˵ΪЩͷĿЦ˶˵Ǹʥģ
ʲôʥˣǸԵСˣ̣ٲΪȻϼܲܵʥˣ
ȻǲܵģͷĿ˵δһܡ
仰ạ̃ٽ˫ִӵִ𣬴һȡϸĬزš
ЩĪӣϸʱǽ˲Сˮ
½Ůǳʥ˻Сˣ̣˵ûʲô塪аսܵͺˡ
һ˶ԣҪԵĹ֣ȥһʱͲǿһˡǾʷ½ʹ˴˫
ͷĿ˿ɫԥԥǾڡ
һûʲô½£Ҷģ
ͷҲ¹Լ̴ʯҹԽ˽ʱǸ緢ľͷն½ļƣ
ôˣϵķϣβͻزԭˣ
£̫Ҫӣ
ڣҪݱһܣ
̣ٽüһ̧Ƥһۡ
ܲˣŭüȻչˡ
½𣿡
Ӹµؿŵùڵϣ⽫ƨɾߵϽŵͷĿ½𣿡
ûǰӽʾ֭һ仰ֿ̣ˡ
ҵȻ°µǱһͷվӪվӪǶغȥ
ͷĿɵˣ͵͵̧ͷ뿴ԼҴڵ׷ʲôëԱˡڿûԱɫ
¹֮;ɫȻ⡣
ڻ֮ǰȥԬԬãԾϯҲӱʿɫӡϯ̸½λݿʿЦ˵½Ҳδǲսʤġ
Ҫսʤأ
Ǹ˵һֻһʳζͻóٶۣôһλսʤĽ᲻أ
᲻Ϊȡʤϻܵˣڵ˵ķӦóٶأ
ʣ˵ӡ¥ࡢЩ˽ȥӭս½ǣ
ͷĿһǰӹĿۣҪӭս½СԸΪǰҲܶڻ˵磡
˭ҪȥӲ̣컺ǣ̣Ц½˱ǣ׷Ǿӣ˭׷˭


411 
罥
̫ʷȵıȹ˲ͤ,갺顢㡢ɡƵȻϡ
о֡
Ϊ̫ʷģһ֧ееİı
ʼռǵõһڲȪ,ʮ,ûһǾþɳϱ,Ա˷,ûôӪĶûУ㲶,̰ų˵һĴսֻǷǲܡ
үȥ,ԼĲϱгһ,ΪеĹǸɣֵõһЩ꿤Ŀ²ƵϾӵٲˡ
ѾǺңԶļ
õЩϱ붼ˣʣµĻ֧м٣縸Ľ
ǵЩʿûй̶ɫʽ·,ǵе˻ǲ,Ļಲȣؤһںؽ̸Ǳ,һʵشӵĳì,վ
ʱǸֻ˵СʵԳơеǿͷһ,ͻѾӵδ
̫ʷǰʱ,ȫһİľ
ЩʿڶȾ˺ߵ· ,ԻԭϾʱͬһƬƬĺơƲе׵Ĺ⣬Զ˱Ȼ򡪡ǵǹꪵĺⰡ
һ֧ݵĴʿǸǿ׳ӣǵλԵøȻӢ䣬·Ǿһ㣬սʤ
֧½ǰʱӪʿ֣ܳϾǵѾѾǿ䣬ǿ϶˭Ǻܸ˵ġ
˾ܲҲƽˣҲܳ
֧ģ½λĽġ
½һ֧ӽһֵϵ佫Һ޽֮⣬ֱǲ˼¡
Ҫαֶ֧ӵƿҪ̫ʷȺԥ˽´ıȨĿܣ
һ֧ǰһ֧˵ҫľǰ½һ˿䱸ûУվԯ£²ģһûûεɱ
˾ܲľûгܾãΪͳ֧Ѿǰ
λӢĽҴСǰ΢Ц½Ȼֻһͨͨ˾ܲȴ̲ǰһĻмͬ
ùôǮ½пһ䣬׻Ǻֵġ
̫ʷȻͷҲһۣȴЩ⣬˼ǧǮء
½ݵسĬˡ
ʲôã
̫ʷЦǺǵأ˵֮á
Ѿǰ̫ͬʷȴк˾ܲҲһ£ּˡ
˾ܲǰ̫ʷ彫ʱλĿƮƮش˸תֿ½
ǸС쳣˾ܲһȻˡ
½ᣬʲôŮɣòѵһ㣬ټս˾ܲݾӦǸҰĲ˾ľ¼ţӶٸ˸档
پе㲻˼顣
ǿ̫ʷ൱½ȴϰΪһϸ͸˼ˡ
ԷȾƣΪ̫ʷ彫ӷϴзִ磬մմƱϯˡȺ佫һߺȾƣһһĽĶƺоܲһȥ̷ʣ
ٶɶȥҵںӦ
½һ£λŹֻҪԴǡ
ɡ
ֶһʱ˾ܲѰ㿪ˣԬܵ빫ʱ٣δ֪򣬲ɲ
ֻҪλסס˲ͤҲסһ·½Ц¼伱вܹ£ʱˮҲͿԳˡ
ˣβݴͣƫҪӦ֮⣬ڻأ
½ƺһûлش⡣
붫ȴѾԶˣԶԥͿ벻ģ
ƺҲû롣
еĲȡ˳ָĸǸƶ£ҪСʱһҪӱСģԴγã͵͵²ϣʿĶ²üС
֮⣬𡢶ĸʻԴԴϵžǻۡ
æʳ벻½ģ
Сȴ˽͵͵˵ʹӿظУî֮޸ɣΪдʱŽ߹Ҫһأ
Сŵ͹ĵļЪ۵С£λ½ġ֮ӷʹһ¡
ֻδڣƽԭةʱʮ񣬡ЦǺǵ˵ƽϣÿÿڴˣԾЩ
ʲôֻĪ˵ʹǧʯĹˣ˵һةǭȻҲϵ¡
һȻͬ߿ʹԼһټΡ
˼ż汱ƮƮȥƽԭѾԬ̷ĴӪǽǷӹ̹ģʿȻҲģǴǰΪʡ¼ǮȻܱ˼ʮ׷ȥȪ˶Ǯ߲˵ǼСҲ¡
ӪãЩҵҲ֪о⣬ࣿ
ϼƺӱƬƽԭʱһľҲҪӪ̡
ǷĵɫУǰһϵ½һ£ΪҪ˵ЩʲôĪĻϾһμʱ˻˵һһ׵ģöǸʿǲġ
ֻͷһҾ
ЩʲôһҲܶˡ
½ľһ·ʱ֮ǰФƣܿһЩɢڻ壬ЩСʱ˵ĸоӵкܶͻججظŹѶĶһ飬ľ͸ɶš
һıȺڻѾӿܣܵð㲻Ϸʵɢ
̣ٴڲͬЩڻ²ԼԵÿɱģûûȣܵ취
ıɲǧƥս׳
׳ױŵЦһôͬǽһʤ
һȺ²ͷԣǻشúܿ죬ʳվο㿴Щڻˣʳȥ
ʳأҪɣ
һ·ڻ˺ܶ࣬һս֮ȴȣǾͺǱ̣㶪ڻңôһٳԣǽAʱоٶļӿˡ
ⲻԼͼҲԼһɣЩϵµĽʿи뷨иĵôĵ˳˶ġ
ڻ˺ܲˣ̣ٺܷʡ
뷨֪̽ʿǵͷʱȻȲؼӿоٶȡ
ֱ½ٶֻʮʱȻ΢С¡


412 
ٶɱϾǴĮ,ڻʱҲȷʵЩϰơ
˵˫ıȻǲƽûֻ̫Ҫ׳,ԳӪ,ҲȻ˴ū,һЩ,еصۡ
ǰ,ټ˫ɳҪūмͺܲ,½ûлܾõʱ׷ٵ̣ٵ
δɹƺ,ӹٶɼ,ߵò죬ǵ˫ľ,ٿǵ˫,Ϊ塣
Ըս˵Ϣ󣬾ʿķӦ
̫췹,Թһصûûζͺһ߶Ϧ÷ƨ,һ۷׷ס
ǽպյ½񽫾,ж۵,Ī˵Ⱥ,ҿԬҲδظģ
,,ܹһͷ,Ҳбŷ,Ǽǲǵãʱ·ЩʱˣǱʲôģ
룬ʱ˭
Ǹϱ׳һȺݱĶƤȺۣ
Ⱥֵصġţġϳġģ̣ϱ˵ǻܴʱˣֶˣвǵģ̣ټǣôܣ
ϱƶ±Ҳ͸оۣܲÿٶʮʮҲܳԵסЩѵ𣿣
ǽȷʵ߳ˮݵģĥϾҪһһ㣬𽥾ͳ˽ϵϼ롣
ӱһ·ߵٶʲôɲ֮¡ǳ;оȷʵҲЩƣȷȴǻȻȵġ
ЩϱѾӵƸŮļױĸٲģһ˳ÿÿ磬˵ҫ
±ҲͽǿûļҲ뽨ҵģ˭ʤ
˼
ţ㲻иͬڵֳоӪקڿٽŵһ£ҪѰλˣ˵˵ܼ½ۣ
½㻹жŷֱʷǳĵͼ
ʮǰ·ͬġ½סСɡݣﾭʱĿ·ߵĳʱʱܼ׹ǡ
ĴһߣЩҵĶӣôȥׯһʳԡ
һ͵ɣΪİǲϲġ
ҲȫɣΪЩѾǳֵĴׯʣ¶ٴˣǼһȺ棬ҲЩġ
Щׯں˷ոѾʧˣʹŬ䣬Ҳ޷һۣܱߵͼ
ڷطرõάͼܾûʲôˣȫǿսġ
ڻ˵ڻ󳷡ģƾһ޷óмֵĽ۵ġ
Ϊʲô󳷣ΪΪϼҳʲôΪԥݵսѾֳʤ𣿻ΪõԬܵ׼ϱͬ𹥻أ
ŵͼʱſ΢شһЩ˵ܵͣע⡣
ںͶŲ̵Сֹ
һССƺ˵ˣ̵ݸִŵױһһ뷹һ̲˾ͽˡ
ʲô£ʡ
ŵһͲȥ
ּۿֶ˲Ҿ緢
ε֪
ҵȻ֪һ飬ʲô£
վǰǿգ߾һ˿߾ﻹһ˿⣬⸱Ҳ벻ĥĥʲôġ
ǰߵǼģںܹ׷ڻˣ˴֣
룬Ҳ̣Ǿ𣿡
ǽ޵УҲ룬غ˳
Ͳһϡ
˵ľоʱǷǳģһǧһСӪǧһӪӪӪӪ˳һ಻դƺһߡѰ̫ʷȺ˵˵ҪôȥӪлǹҪ˼ѲӪأһһȥ͵ڡ
ͻǵܹȥˡ
̫ʷûԷϴ裬ʪģҲͮͮģͲԾһ
ǣ
̣һ·㣬һ·׷оﲻ̤ʵ˵Ѱ˵˵
̫ʷȵüͷ˵ʲôһƳɣ̵״̬ˡ
Īǵ;
Ҳ·ҲҪѰһսĺõط˵ܹ鲻Ǿҡ
ߵúšֱ˵̣оʱΪϸػ򣬶ֺɢȻȲԭЩǵľӣѾѵõľˡ
ڻˣʱѾ˥֮ͷһ£οڻΪǿʢ̣ٴأоôûҰأ
ˣɽо
УлԹԣҲʲôξǷĵģ˵ֻ̣ڵһʱ
оʱν⼸ǾܲŷǰģһҪһֳߣǰ֮ضǳ¡
̣;ɺȻ˵ҪӦ
һ֧β˵ľ̫ʷҲ̷Ӧ˹
ٿһԬܵҲˡ
ĳ󣬻Ǿ塣
̣ٵȷ̵ͬȦӣ֧ڻһƬʱΪóŢ˲ٲźԱЩ˵һֻܼǰһֲҪҰ
½ıȻԹ˸࣬Щ˿ĶС
ȻǸֺ֮ˣҲû˭ҲսȨڻǰǱ˹ɵĳĬ
ֺ̣ٱ˭ѡ
ĵص˺ܾãÿ춼ϸȡǵĻرȻ֮˸̾½оȻжȣҪԸңЩ
Ͳ̫ýӡ
̣ٻڼ̾ԸһоűЩҲ
ĸȥˣ½ıȵùԬŮأͬԬֹ򣡡
⻰Ȼǲģ̣ЦܹҪʤһա
Ԭıδټ½׷һ·˰
ٵıԹƺЧΪһ̾
ڣĳ󽫾
̣ʲôãأ
ڵıԹڶˣ
ţһµʹ̺ظߺʣʣǲඣ
ڣ
λռݲݵڻڲЦ½ڻ˵ĳҲδ


413 
սսͨҪ˫һĬ,ܿʼ
ĬָȻǽս˫ʲôѺõ֪ϾսǽìܵҲֶΡĬָǣһֻ,ôһ׷Ǻܲ׵ġ
Ȼ׷,Ԭ֮,˭ҲòļҵףԷһ˷Ҳûвһвǵʱ۽С£͵òʧˡ
׷𲻻ڵģսԽԽҲ͸ԽԽһֲס,һݾ,һĻɢֻԮ
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Ƕڵȴһ˫̲ȥ˫Լʤп,˫ѾŬ׼ʱ
ʱ,ˡ
Ӫʱܲ,оʱѶȸҪӱ
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͵͵ͬЩ£Ҳһ˳
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ѰǸǴҴһ£񣬼̿߶վóһ·˵żⶼŲģ
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Ϊ⣬о;г£ɸôأ
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ݣһ֧;ľ˵Ⱥھأؾ͵ھԼĶӣ˸еţҪ̻Ԯ֮ĺ̫ʷнֹѵ£ȻžԵ뼸Ͽľͣãؿʼɻ
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ⶫǺۣ߯ԥµļҵսʿ⣬ֵǮ
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ڻ̵ģոҰһһǳжӣվã
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ɵվţͺΡ
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⣿
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ң
ҿһۣȻһĿͶλͷװڻϡ
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ޣָֻƴݴ͵Ұޣ֪Ҫ
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414 
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Ϊ֮ǰ,½δһ,֮,½ֽӰҲ˶ʿ
Щõĳ۴һн,̲סУ̣ٵȷԳƵǸ侲ˡֻԵػһ,Ȼ̾ͽȫעƬսˡ
ʤΪǰıƮƮ,½ӦҰս,ڷճյԤʱ,ҪǰսǸ侯֮ˣС
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ƬҰϵɱˣƺʶȴʵӱ˴Ϊܣս࣬δ˴˵ȴңңŶ档
̣ٵɢǰ֮󣬲ҲڵսЩڻҪڶིʿĻǼѪ볤ꪷĺʱ̾ʶһսҲʶܹӮһսǽӮöҫƸ
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һĽ죬ͬһҡҡ׹ǸִٱһУȴ죬ƾΧɢͷһͱϣҲ֡
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ǻӿĺɫˮУҫ۶ĿһƬ⡣

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415 
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Ǽ,ʮ,ڴҪʱ,˵Ѿʮ½űо̵ϡ
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ġ
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ڵƺˣ˭Ҳû취ԶȥֻܳϴЩʲô;Щʲô
ԥϸװЩľˣľϼӲױΣӦ֧Χ¹ǣͶܷ㡣
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ԭоǰ֧Ԯһ͵͵غ¹ֹȻǸŽʲôµģ
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ľе
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ôûԹأ
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ΪһսǸ,ΨһȷĴЩҲܻص,һ۸ĸ޶ʿ,ֵ𣿣
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֪ǲˣֻľ˶ѣûУֻһȺǰ϶ѡ
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ſţͿһԼ뷨
سսǲƾеģǷһҪسǷܴܶ࣬һ̣ʹˣҲһʧ
˵Щ峵ݳǲͷ̫ˣԬǲ̫ԲŻὫЩڳ²һĵطװ
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ЩҹҹæµȻҲʿҲȷʵǲġ
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Щʿ԰ֿ־һУԽԽʱͷĵسˡ
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ȻûҰģҲһǻѪֻ֪Լûأ


417 
̫û,߻ȺܲҹȴȾһ˿ɫĹ⡣
ʿ˯ú㣬߽һ,ʵЩˣûߵˡ
ʹһ,¹ٶ,ҹ·˵ҲѾǸϾʲôûС
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˼ѵ,˽ԼƤ,ѥ,ƿ,ȥһȻްҹա
ڻŲѥ,һشﴩȥ,ūǵӪصġ
Ծɳ˯ĺҹڻʿ,ЩūøЩ첻Ҫ,ҪΪ׼ʳ,ҪΪսϰͷ,ҪǫСĵǣǣսӪկĳڴ,һо,Ŀ
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˴˼䲻ʲô򣬶Էĳ
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Էʱġ
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С˲ʲô쳣һСĿڣСֻǲǰˡ
̣ٵĶȻͣˡ
õȷζϸ۵⣬нҧĸо
е̻޷޾ôسԣֻҪһǸСС̾ͻ˲֪ʲôطϡ
̣ǿԼעǸתƵϡ
˵ʲô
½ǰͺѽڵģζǰôݴߣҲζʱˣǰ͵ð
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أ
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ָϽſڵϣһˡ
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ôһߵĴ̽࣬һߴ̽٣ôأ
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֪½ȥǲ֮٣ѵ½Լ֪ѵͻƽӹ֮һ㣬Դ
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418 
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ڻ˳Цֺܲͨ,ˮ񲻳˱˵вͣѾв,˺˭أ
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Դеˡ
ϣĪ˵һ䡣
״ļŻ࿴̾˼·ʼ졣
½ȻԸعկҪҪս
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磬ϸͷ˳ֶ˰ɣ
̣΢Цؿ˫ֲŽӹֻɣжֱĳ򣬡Ա˼ȥ̽飬ǸսʿԺ㲻ԭõһأܵõסϵūţ򡣡
Ǹʲôạ̃󲻵ģΪһ룬ֻõǸһǸм㣬ͿأһΪЧЧġ
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һһ񿥵սԾӪկľʱҲƮڰеסˡ
񿴼ġ
顰šֵģ顰ԡֵģ顰̫ʷֵģЩһһشÿһ¶ʿڶ
вɣ۵һ顰ｫͤ½Ĵ졣
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ǴһƬ˻۵ļ죬ΪǳﱸõĴӪ
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Ǹˤڵϣìʱ߾ȫرһ
ĵؿǵͳ˧
վ̨ϣעŴӪȥһ֧ɵĲһ֧Ƶ
ĳǰӪʱҪԵľҲĳӳҪ⡱ˡ
ЩξܡĻ̲סҪתͷȥĿһ
ǵĽȻԶܵģ
½ע̨µսܾãҲûʲô飬õ˿ҪΪǵͳ˧ʵûָս͵͵ʱȻغһ
ʿûа룬Ӯһս


419 
ĳúܲʡ
Լ̤ʱ,һʱ뵽ļȲǳˣҲͣǰ,Ҫ½оӪ
Щ̫һͬġ
Ѿ˽ҹ·,սȻһս֮Ѿ״̬,ЩʿҲֻƾѵغһǻ־ڳѡ
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ǲòͬƬս룬ҹ˼ʮ·
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ͽ͵ָԼ,Ҫ,һγʱժ˹
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ҲǵսƷ
սǰ㣬ҪߣҪҲս˳ץͷʱҲȥߣֻǷһʹ˻ˣĻ飡Ǹͻʡһӣ͵һѺڶĸ֮˰
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ƬսʱʹǾС̵ԥҲһʱˡ
սβûȫ
˻ڷˣڵץʲôȥ±ƻˣһˣľǣɱ
½ߵʿͿģȥҲǣҲǣÿοɱһƥȺʿͻᷢһʹļ׵İ
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Ļû˵꣬ԥıȻˡ
ʵðʹļ׵ǣ׼ƶι˾


420 
,һʱģԼľӣֻҪֱ,ͺͬʱʷϺܶũԼĳһʱ䣬һ,Ϊʱ䲻ͬپ,Ϊ֤
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Ҳܼ,ƽԭر,˱ε·Ҳһ׵򵼣·Ȼȷģǲ˵·
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λǣнıԣڣʹоɣβأ
ԥһתͷλƽʱ˴ڸرıʿ
£սսսأصߣΩн˾ܲȻ˵ˮزסҲ߲ѣˡ
ʹʿʹ˵
ȥʣϽ˾ܲ˵̫ڴˣйһ⣬ͽأ
ʿæ˱īѰһ׮óһ壬̱˾ֹܲˡ
Ҫ˵˿
ԥ㶵ؿλʿֻΪɺȰҲ˿
˾ܲЦתһ·ǳĲӣе̫дǡ
׮ѸΧһСȦˡ
ҶŲӣ뿴дɶĶԥԾľͿʼ
˼·ǷǳͷҲǳ侲±ʱּһǳɣʾд˴ΣһҲ
˾ܲü
ڣдˡ
ȻҪһȣī׸ˣȻװ˿͹ȥ
λƶ˵С˾ԥͣ˱ʣ̽ëʽ˹ȥպīмͿʼ˦
ΧȺڶˣ
дʹûסɤðһְֹѻҭȥˡ
˾ܲݱŻϸһϸϸɣͷԥ½һЦ
ʹңȥҪȰֻ˵Ҫһƥ߱ǡ
ǧˣûס˵߾ͷߣ
˾ܲͷգǱָûˡ
ҹɫֻܺʣͩȼʱġžžԼݴżĲݳС
Ǹ¶˵ҹҲѾһһҹûۣ־һսƣúܡ
ûʲô˸˯
ʹ۾ҲʱʱҪһֻƤ̧𣬿һۻķ
ǿʲôֻ֣Ұһںҹһ˫˫̰۾ǣֻҪһͻᱻǳץߡ
ȻһŲҪҹϮڵȲ𣿣
ʿǶŵشӵ˫ץס׼ҹϮ˾һսȴһλҪͬǽɵʹߡ
ʹǸʿˣòܶһкøС
ҲûôӢЩʿ˵һ˲߸ˡ
ԻǣдԲ߳ʿĴӵ¼ԥõݹǷʱֱ佫ʶᷢʲô
ǧʿ֤˽һУӹɵġ


421 
ԥּ,һⶼûС
ҲǳϿңȻһĽ顪ǳûȻָпһǷֱ֮ԥ˼ʷһת,дսսӢ,ָʹǵҲ,½Ըɱ̸һ̸˵óһƥ,½ŵԷǻȥ,Ͳشˡ
ǣ,ȥؿ,˼Ƿǳȷ,ֻԥдʱǳæм޹ؽҪĵطīˮڸּԿʱīˮ֮ࡪʲôҪ
ţ̧ͷʱ,ΧһȦʿ۰Ͱ͵ؿ
ǣлû,ʿѾͲסطˣô
ȷǸǾ,ʹҲ뾡һ·,¿нĹʾ½ְ,̬Ͱ,ʿԭᶨľͽ
ҪһƥȻܷߡ
ʿбһŭá
Щڱɱ˵ᣬ˵̰˵С̵ȵȣǾ֪Щ˳극Ҫߵģûʲôĺ˼ˣ
ЩӶҵģߴﹾáķŭɱѾˡ
ʿǶսɱʱۣҪȥۣЩսźϴˢιϣǱڻҪĵģôۣ
ǱϾֻսֻһļҵˣǵһ֪
ʿ죬£ȴûվ׼սͬѡ
ǣгĬֱ㼺֮⣬ֽһ
ʧôȥ
ȻǷǻȥ·ˡ
սй¿Ϊ̣ʧΪΪ⣿ʱ½塭
½Ʒв֪ģ
ǣȻתͷȥǸΪĶʡ
ԳƽսС˭йʲôʲ֮٣ʮּµϷǻؼݣٲصĵģ
֮ǰһСǰнǲǣ
ڲǿλʹǧʯĹˣھ֮ˣ
ǲؼ𣡡
ǣ𣬽һһˣԲС
Ҳ̫ˣС˵
ж壬ǱǸһսҲûʲôܲǿ϶ǲøðֹ
һǱˣʸ
Ҽйĸ׵ܣһСȫ޲ͣˣ⣬⣡
ẦǵģͶɣϼƥսǾܻؼ˰
ǣ˼ȥдһš
Ļдụ́ܶЩԼĲΪһ̴Ӯ෴һʼʱͲҪհǰ˺ֱҰо½ʹӮһҲܸ½ش
˴˿̣Щ뷨ֻ뷨ˡ
ҲûսλĻˡ
λڳԶ
Ҳһûʲô˫ֹɸ̴꣬Ӿ͸Ͻùһ⽴ıӣһˮ
⽴ûԼϸģ³ԵʿĻʳ⽴һԾܳԳ˲ٶƤȫʳϸϸһһһͿı졣
ԥҲǣмλĵһߵӡ
ǵ۶˾ܲԳˡС˾Ҫ⽴ıӣֻҪһˮص˷ָԡ
ǣеĻžʱġ
˵Ǹ˵һ־顣
Ҫһսǣ˵ֻܸķ֮һҲֻİƥ
˵Էǻؼݣǣ˵㻹ðѷ²ʿǣԱҲûǣ
Ѱ˼ǲѾǿսˣû뵽ǣлΪʣûûٵؼ̸УûҪҪսˣǲǾ׼أ
ôʶôˣʵôͬΪѵģ
ԥѵؽǿȥԵе
ǣӾ̰֮ˣ˵ֻҰˡ
ƲƲ졣
һԳԱӳԵúҲŵС˾Ȼˡ
ǣ뽫ӡ
˾ܲĿǣȻǣд˻ţ¶ˡ
ҪɶֻҪˣҪ²ҪԱû˵Ҫ·ϴĸҲ
ޱض
һˣ
ԱںˮԥȻǺһ¡
С˾һҲûĻҭλǣнòƽ˵Цˡ
£ֻΪİƥսҴٽɱսģҲδд
˾ܲ΢Цһ£ֱʵ˶թѵԬıʿ𣿡
ⳡսʵЩҵġ
½оӪⶼȾһƬѪӬƴظ棬ѴͣǼʹҹҲһƬˡ
˭Ҳ벻峿һѷѽȺˣڶ峿ʱȻƽͶԺˡ
ݾˮһȥˣֻ½ӵٲʿ²ԱʮѾõԼͰͰˮ
ݱһĻ˼鼫ˣǷӿȥ̰ץԼ䣬˸ϽˮͰУʢ֮غһ٣ļ٣ȥ²ѰԼİְܣԼĸ׻ӣȻææؼȥꢳԱߣҪΪԼӣһˮ
ǿŽδԼͳǧƥսֻͳİƥҲԹ֮ɫʱЩʿĿʹ˸徴ɫ
ǽʹоɣ½оɣ
㿴ǽѷ²˱˻ʳˮ
ֻҪİƥ㣬ͬô
ǷţдЩʲô
̤Ϲ;ʱЩٺļݱʼز²ǵǣλС½ܴڵ£˵ǣֻʮ꣬ȻѾˣҲʼ࿴ˣһС˵ѾˣǣⲻλС½Ŵɣ
С½ѾʮˣǸŮɣȻٳٲޣǲǶǽأ
ѽǽһ̴ģض絶ʣٰ㲻Ըģ
ǣиտʼǲЩġʱֹ̱ʿᣬҲֻ½ԥصĽǸŮɣñȡ֡
֮⣬⴫Իȥ
Բ뵽´Ӫʱ˵ĶУѾһģ
ոչĳ̣ٲҵسΪԱʱԾʹ˸Σյĺ塣


422 
뵱ǧ˲ͬ,ʧزδƺƴĹǣǲҵս
Ԭ˧Ź˵,ò۵˲ԷȲѧ,Ϊ̰޶Ⱥ༽ıʿΪһˡ
Щıʿʵͦ׼ġ
ͬʱҲһ൱ļƵˡ
Ԭ,ּ·׼ʱδվȨƣʼոԬߣõ֧׾ָȨ
òװЩ޴ҰĹеʱԵؽǰƽһЩ
ܵһЩмٵ,Ƕսϱ,֪Щ峵ݳͶʯؾصĿ꣬Ҳ֪ؾڶߵĳǽ,ܶԶʯͷ,֪ؾҹ͵ϮŻ,жջЩ࿳Ļе
ں,Ц,һЩȰľ٣ҪҲðսǰƽ,ЩеҪ󶼷ˡ
갺鿴,һǧѷĻᡣ
ڳ֮ǰǹֿܷ,ΪݾĿԺСȫӵֿ,һЩ,ҪкӦʹݾû,Ǳǿ׳˶ڣܵҹϮҲδؾţ˱ҪһջЩе֮⣬ҪһҹϷջǵӪկʹ˾սң
갺һ׮׮һطֵʱúܼģ£ȴһֻ֮Ҫһʤ㣬͸һԡ
½˵ˣܻð壬Ҳֱܸ׵Ƕͽ
ȷʵһˡҲ½ʶǰȵؼ̫أǲܲӮԬӮȥƽϵһ뷹ԡ
жδΪ䣬Ĳ֪ʱ˸ߡⱾǰ׼򣬺ο갺оݵطô࣬Ǿ͸һ׮äĿĶĲ˰ٵľжˡ
ĵܵȴûôֹۡ
С½ϣǼزġȰһ䡣
ϸߣ㿴ֽصס
ǽ¹̣βأ
ǽߺҲ𣿡
˶ˡ
ԾҨһ׾ƣ갺ͭشzhi һУ߶һھͽȾˡ
ǸþˣܺһҲ
ΪسվãнƵԵʣҲմһմҺһشȥ̾Щ⡣
ԬΧǣԸͬģС½ңҲǣҺܸм
ҲԸΪЧ
ųȰο갺һָָָԼľ
æΪ˾ơ
Ǹ½ˣǸ˸óؾͬ
֡ͬһܹߵ׵·һͷأ
һ־һһεѰʧܺѰ
ԶԶڶʱΪ󺺶ġ
ǴЩԼ羴Լȥǲһɵ¡
վڳͷɫ԰׵ǿ־־ȴʼղѵ飬λ̫صľҪˡ
С½갺㱶ͻأһ⣬ǸŮɣĵӣأ
ܵ˵
ؾǵأ
ǸʤнԾ̾һ첻ñ
갺һԼĴȡ
Ҳ
λֻ֮Ѹһ˿Īġ
ҪʲôʤҪʲôӢ
ֻҪӮһǳأ
ҹ갺װ峤ǿһƥΪ񿥵ԭǸڵӣһ֮󣬸Ӣ䡣
ЩʿȻûɫǱŸɲʱҲһηǰùţƣǸΪʹսǶȻûʲôµģ
ǧʿʹǣʵܶ࣬Ѿ갺óı
ҹɫصĳͷȴЩִЩ
ԴȥܴԬЩױҲȾ֧Ŀһ˿ۡ
ųյúܽ
ǸӹţԴΪ֮£ǲҵġ
С½ô˵ֻôˡ
ҲһսӮ
ڲпսʷУ佫Щţ¶ĳǶȻɵġΪЩɡᱻ֮˵Ⱦһ˿ɫʡ
Ŀ갺ıһƬƻɺҹɫУһԵ֮˷ܵۡ
˫սҲͲҪȵܾٷ
갺ıЩҹɫеľ͹еʱӪͻȻ˱ʣ
⾲׵ҹսͻأ𣬾óͷϵ˶ʧɫ
оˣŵһ䣬Ұοؼһ䣬˾⣬ȡףӪᡪ
ųҲȥˡ
ֳˣ˷ǽǹ˾бԴӣ
ѲҹʿԤʿ֮Ҵ𴲣ɾȥ⴦ףٳӪսȷʵ̡֪۶ǽӪʱʿźš
ݾѾӪˡ
ӣǰں󣬽갺ΧסȻ󹭼뷢
صҹɫԶľ룬ԭǿԽҵڸסǽϵؾġ
Զų·Ҳ˼ʸƿʿҽе
ǧƺǸܴ֣ԬܵĴǰͬ׺һڡ
ǽ׾٣¾ɾ
оеǸϸ޵ˣҪ峿̫ʱǰѪҲøɾ
갺鱳ɱ
ˣҵȡ
δ㲻ɱ
⾡Ӫ£۵ؿƾϣغһС϶˹
ʿȻ˺üޣɲⰾҹ
ʱӰģ̾ͷԸӿʼΪ׼ҹ
ҹģǲģ˵ȷǸϸ޵ˣҹҪһʴݹϣһ⣬һһ˼۱
ζЩˣܲϲţϴγԵǵ˭Ҿ磬ôѳҪأ
ǧʿ갺˶ٲ̫ҹоġ
ļˣɫҲˣ˳ɱͻΧ
ԭоΧʱʹеͻΧĻģԸסʸͻΧسǡ
鱻갺ܾˡ
ǲ׼ġǧһУȻǲܶģ
Ǽ˼ѾΧͰҲͲæɱǾһһʿΧ
갺ܲڵЩʲôʱƺ֪ʲôоµĴ󺺱ˡ
갺鱻Χؾǲܲȵġų˼ף׼ʱֳˡ
ҵܴȥŵʣмʤ㣿
ϣŵܵܣܵȻ촽Ĭؿ
ֳͻȻŭ
ų۶ֲɣ
ĵܵժͷڵأظһ
ףֻ֮˷ĵܵվǰʱѾȫ侲ˡ
ڻҡ֮ʱ³Ȼɫÿһ˵ϡ
ˣƽҳȥԴ
ų촽Ȼֳñ
ҲҪ֧˵ֻҪʮӡ
ַǼ֮ţ֮ܣݾϧܾڣ²֮ʡ
ʹʺֵô¸Ҳһ֮¡
ˣΪʿʷҲҪһкξ壿
Ԭƴ󣬴˳ʧǧ䣬ҵܵطǣͤؾһ£
ΪףܵΪѣ֮֮
峿Ƭ̫սʱѾԱ㣬־ϣȴǵڶؾԮ갺ʱ߾ͷһˡ
һʿһƥ̵Ƭս
ûڴеЩֻʮͷѾ׵ˣҲ룬ҲɣԼڳ֮У̹Ȼ
Ǿһġ


423 
ʱ䷢̫¡
Aµı,Ԭ̷ݵĳıѺΰȨȶ
ڶ,һʿѾǨݣһʿȥ,̵֣·߻,˵ĵط,͵ŵʬϢҲܼƮʱ֮
Ȼ֡һȥĿ,ֵ»ȼյĲԭ
̣ٴʱĸо
·ڻϱ˿,ͬʱһƬ
°½ǰӪǰһġۡʿûǵĶ,ʱ,Է̬ȼػӦս顣
֧㳲,أس̣ٵĴ
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ʲôɲأһѾüƽ½ı룬ֱǸ衣
ϾδʵԵĴǰǿסս,оʼվ䱸,ĳδпɳ֮
δ֮ǰ,ֻ˵ǿ󣬽֮Ųǿںδ
Ҳã޶Ҳã¶սϡ¶ģӭսʱǸкм³ɱǭǽȻͬˡ
ս
ʿʱǵĿģ
һ֧ˣήܵľӣֻҪ£ֻҪǰָȥս·ľͷȻҫ
ǰӪĵһ֧ǧ˶Ӽгԯţսڻɱһʱ̣ٵЦ΢һ¡
Ե̲ˡ
ڣ
޷ֻạ̇̄ٹЦһһָԼĲϱȻһ£Ǹ̡
ҪҽΪΣ
̣ϵЦȫʧˡ
΢С£Сʲô
Χ˶ȫעⳡսУƺûȥڸոǺܲȻ顣
ôûأ
Ѿ˷㹻ʱ䣬ȴʼδܻ½
˿̣˧С㽫ıʱһǡںϸգٳȡʲ¡
ôûбʲôأ
콵µף
ڵĿƬս
оѹϣ´ñ˾δʢƱȫߣ
ǣ
Щ̣ٵȨЩ֣Щ׽Ҳ³ˣ
ǰʱ뺺սǰʿҲ̴ʢ
ܶ۹ԣڻ˵΢ʹԭҲ׺һڡڴ˿̣Ƭ֪սϣǵѹģ
Ҫһ½ǰ
Ȼ
Ȼ½оϾѾĴˣĳ󽫾Ѿ˹ǲģ
о̵ֻֻȥԮԼĺûڻ˾ս
뵽Ȼú޵ʹʧˡ
½ôǿֻٶɣûа취Ӧڻ˵Ľֻĳ󽫾ģ
ҲͻΧȥܷػƺϵĴӪ֧̣벻ȫȫβߵĿܣ
ĺĿضƬսֱƬսľͷҲӪβֳʱ̣ٵĿ¶
Ľıеץסߵˣ̽ſĽ½ΪǱǴı
֧֮ʢ֮ǿǲֻӻĺŬȺ½о
̣ٵȻˡ
Ϊ֧ǾӵģԶʱ壬ߵԽЩҲԼԼؿˡ
֣ŵĺߡ
½о̫ʷڻ˶
̣ԭãĳͬʱġ
ʵòֻ֮˼ʱѡ
ĳʱʼ½оӪҲʱʱڻҲѾʼ췹
½ǰӪΪʿڽŵעŶӪĴ̡
ʱîʱ½оѾ˶ԼĺΧɺ֧뿪оǰӪȥ
ڻʿڳ˷һرʴţ˴ڷַǵıȻ߳ӪūηУһ峿峺Ŀ
½ǰӪнһǧѾʰԼ׼սˡ
ʱ䵽˳ʱڻ½ǰɱһӣҽƱѹס֧ǰʱΧǣеʿĳһЩ
ⶼΪսЩݱ뷢ʹļ׵󣬱ʴһһӵس˳ȥ
ǴҴææűʮ֮һս
ǵʱʱʵҲ9ʱ̣ٺȻⳡսкܲһ
½оˮһֳһһǧ˶ӣڻ
ǧˣ̣ٵսסǰߡ
ȻǧˣսøһЩ
ҲˣЩ׳ս³ײʱ̣ٵҲͣһġ
ⲻԾ룬½˺ⳡսȻģ
ʹ˺ĳ󽫾Ҳúܿ׷
ԮŴ죬ڻʱ̣ȫˡ
ʿѾʼϺˣ
ֵǵҲѾֳ˾ɫ
Եģ·ԳɽĺЩɱģںڵĳˮзѪȵɫǶ
˼ڳ̣ҪɱԮң
ʹ̣ٵĽӡðˤϲӵΣգ۵糸ظڳʱӦ˵̣ʵûʲô
һݾĽļӪĳԴ˶ģﲻԬܵݣдྫ
֣Ҳǰбĺܡ
ѽѮ佫ӵʹļʱǿŽӲӵСӡϸشһȷǵȷΪ̣ٶӡ緺󣬵˵ͷ
ǿҪ߲·ʹȥϢֻʣ¼Ĳξƫ
ǽӡ䲻ؿˡ
üڻĴڡ
ȵʱ԰Уξˡ
λҲˡ
Ԭԭ԰Уξ󽫾ΪʮԬԬֵ빬ɱ˵֮׿ҹԬ뾩һ·ֱڡ
Ҫ˵ԬܸģʵҲ١λһļɿ֮ˣҪ̣ٱһأ
̣ɤǸƺѾʧˡ
ΪǰһƬں죬ҪǰĻ棬Ҳ˵Ļˡ
Χˡ
ʿ˻ӪկҧأȴڳԮĵ
ǻ⣬Ụ̃ūǰ޲ջٵ¹դڱоɱ󣬱׽֮С
ǲʬܿƽ˺ǺҲ͸ˡ
Ǹ֣ҪǵĽһսЦǸųսûУǲͣضݣݣһһεĴӪ档
ֱҹ٣ЩɱʧһҲ̣ٲһοüҲü
һչһԼ塣
ΪжףȡʪӣΪ棬جج˼ѾƮ˰֮⡣
סӪ
ֻҪסһգԮͻˣ
ڳʿѾ˯ˡ
⣬ڶӦ£ȥԮĳ̣ٵġ
˵ˡ
̣ٵӡҲͰˣͬס
ȵЩôôΪͿأҪȥȣ
ڳصأ밡
Щ׷ӵģЩϸ㣬Щ㣬ЩŲ˵ĿЩǵصļݻ֪˵ؽһ˼׽
Ͼĳ󽫾ڣѵ˵ܲȡ
ĳ󽫾У˵ôҪ
֮࣬٣ٶɺôҲҪգ̣Ѿأ
ǿ½̣صס


424 
̣پصҹ,ǣµڳ
ս룬ûôƥֻȥڳţѰ峵,Աȥ,ƥ,˸ŲС
õϢʱ,ԭ׼,ǶȻԲȥˡ
Ľսˣ
ǸѪ⻰,Ѵ̳ˮǣнΪҵȳıȫīӣ
磬һٽȥ
γı,ϸϸ
ĲϢҴææʱ,ǣеѾȥ,оֻʣһ,ڽǰСĵΪ¿һ㡣
㱻ʿ˶Ǹ,¯̯ҳ,˵ϣˢ,پһﶼǹ,޷Ե
θƺֻ,۽¼л,˵ǰ󣬲̧ͷԼ⼸¡
ĳ̣Σӡ
ˣܲŭ
ҪҹԮ̣٣
ڳصأˡ
ֺһҲԡ
ƺ˶Уȫע˼һʱڸУҲǱµϢס˲òϸϸ˼һж
˼УļҲ֪̮˶ǣڻѩ
վάסΪڳ̬½ֱͦˣ˫۾Ҳҵ˾۽㡣
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ҪģΪ̣ĳս֮Ѱһ
ԭûʲôϵȻҲԸŭ
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ããکܺƢظĿڣ㿴ҾΣ
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һԵС˾ˣһ۱㿴
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С˾䣬
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Ծ֮ģǳƺҲǸߵģȼеĴӪңԶļ磡
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Щоɣܹ鶼Ǿµģɵĵľ䣬̧ȥʱŮۣҲ¡
С׷˳վſںޣپе
̧ԽԽ࣬ΧȺҲԽԽ࣬Сޣָָ
ƫƫ͸Ůô࣬˭Ҳǰֱ޵ͣһͣ
λɽʿ⸱ģ̶ŽظС
޳ʲôӣȻ֪ˣ
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檵ֽǸĸģ޸ẺҲˣ
ͷϵˡ
սغʶԭЩҲֲǲ
˶꣬˭˵̣ҪıҲµ㽫Ҳȥʣ󺺿ĳӣ
һҲûס䣬ҷǺ
ҵĺһǺʲô
֮˵Ī˵Ҳͷ­Ҳһ˵ġ


425 
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ƺѾ,ϲūӪĵбҲ٣ڻڿ³һһ
һڿ峺,Ҳ,,ֻоһɻջǵĶʹеĽͶȫս˫Եˡ
ȼյһ,չһεդѾˮ,쾹Ȼȼһλ⣬Ȼڱڶִ࣬ĳһƥսļ̤֮,һ춼ͺȻء
Ӫ˼ھ,ūڴҴææشˮ,ūڻսǰǱͷ˵˿,ʿںóìǰ
Щͷɢ,²ūк,Ҳū,ʱˣӺ,ĳսܲڻˡǻūӪʱǻΪԼݺѪͳӡ
ֳ޵ѾˡǱǰ,ںһļеʱ,ǵݱ÷ǳͳһ,ҲҪݣҪ˴ˡ
ǱƵڻͳһդΪµķ¡
ҲȥʿڻҲѾںˡ
ǲǸδ䣬δӲ壬ͬݾս
ᣬ̤ĴӪ⣬ǶսģǶٹϵԼµԼͬۻǵо
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ܵ·ѾԤе˽ᷢһʹǶµģʿͬۡ
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һȺһֻҪǿʳƣ׵ҲҪɸӡ
ʼվ̨ϣûôڻ˵նжһضڻӪĶ
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ߺʱһͬҲһߺ
ŭ磬Ƭս


426 
ڳӭһµĿˡ
ܿó,ڻ˵УǾǳ߹һ֣ǽϴƤѥ,ϴţƤףǵķ׹һЩĽ,ǵսǱ׳ϵȻ
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427 
Ҫ˵ǣһ˾½һʤ,˵ԬŲţԼš
ԬܵԸ
ԬԸߣʤʱǧ,ʱҪһɳôҷһֵ׸˭
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һ꣡Ҷɽͨеĵǣŭ֪֮ܽ裬ұĽһͬս

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ضˣԬЦҪǲǣ
ΪСңֻһ·ܾϣǡ
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ﾲĵģԬüͷ˼ҲٶԣֻСĵصĻظ
֪ļ䷿ﴫ©ĵˮ
̩ɽܴ֮ʯ֮箶ϸɡ
Ԭܿĵط˶ʹ뽫ȥ䣬ͼ˶֪гһܴǸλýһʷʮۺ졣
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ڡ
ڳõĳĬֿˡ
ԶΣ
ļ壬˸һΪǡΣ


428 
⼸,ƺû˲ˡ
ڵļݾΪǶ˲ͣܳаѾ߹ˣӴزļֲ̼ȱٻǮĵط
ڹٶ,½ʿҲֻܵǮȤ
˷ܵŶ,ŲŬǰһغ˶ݣ͡
һʿһǧǮ»ףٷ,ͦص,ǲ̵ʱڡ
սʼǵͻἱ,ÿһ,Ҫ͹СʤСǮ,ʤǮ,Ǯһֱӷ,ҲǼϣһʽ,һھ浵һʿԼΪƾ֤ȵʱƾЩǹӡȥȡǮ
ҲԻǮشǵȡǮƾ֤ؼȥ,Ȼ˵,ʱûôȽĽҵȡûе,˽δûС
ֻҪս,ͻнǮͨ,ͻصҵ
мǮԽЩָ̼֣Ǯ½һĴţٲ֪
Ⱥôëҷɵļıʿ˵ºȴǷǳġ
ʵֽģʽǰֹʮ꣬˺ӱԬܵı֮⣬ûٳֹġ
Ϊĩơͷô족ǰ̣ʱܱ͵ҡ
컹緢ܾ͡⡱ֻӴܡ
ֻµʿֻŵֵǮŽĳŵ
ʿЯҲǸõġ
˿ʾ֮⣬Ǵߣǲ;ߣ
ʲôأȻá
½մʱǲôõġ
ҪǮʿǻСֹֹ˾ʹɧҪɧװǾҪһˡ
糶ɤӶ
ʱþʿʱǲеģΪõǵʿִľȺ鼤ܡ
ҪôؽͣҪôҲɤȥҪôֵظ·ʵá
ܻһصǼǣʿĳһͷ
żһȦǮУ˸ࡣ
õ֮󣬺صشһѾɺԵīٴػػصԼͬȥ
ǵ׻ҵġпһ䡣
Ƿδһܵ˾ܲЦ⣬һŵǧʿľĹؼ
½㿴ĸЧ
ڼУһֲɫİʾҫ
½ʿԼӪ᲻ȡʤźʼʯ˲ŻһԸȡЩ򣬶ʵʵʳƥǮϡ
ҲԸӽķԸȥЩ;أһһ͡
˵½ξϣΪ½ʤʤսƷѾĨƽõĲࡣ
ǵʿЩʱܱ¾ԼҲߵͽ¾ľӾͬն
ȻǳּҺ˵ھһǮʵͦ׵ġ
ΪͯҲ֪ܷܺ·ڴһ·ߵڵְҵٶȼƵϾˡ
ʳ첹ÿһսЪЩƲ֤ԼܳõشƷģʿѾáˡݣǾˡ
ʣЩͨ˴һսл󣬲ҸطƽѹЩսƷһȥ·һ㶼ˡǾϷ
Ȼи·ӡ
еֽɢѰӪеĸԼ첹е𣬻ͬͬʲ÷첹ͬԼеҲǮҲûһУǧﴫ飬дš
ԭдҪɱġ
˵ųЩ٣Ӫıﲻҳʮʶ̶ֳдһŵˡ
ʮ˾ͿԿдŷһСƣͬʱдŵķҲʿдƵʡ
Ȼ½㾭ŮǶʶ֣ѧǲˣǳļٸܼסѧ
ʹǻѧҲд¡ĸҿˣټҡʮ֡
ټԥڣȺΣ˳·ʷѸˣžдƵ
ÿֻҪضʿŶȥš
ЩŴ󲿷ûʲôĲɣһ鶼ûС
ľҪ·
вСǮҲҪ
Ҳ˵ЩʿĹ֮ͽֻҪһ벻ң˶ôǻϻӴ֮󲻽˵ޡ
󷽱ŮЩʿҾıԹǡ㿴ǽѧдʲôãﲻҪҪǸһ仰Ҳʣ
ŮǱеڨڨģһֹиľӦ֮ǡ
ɩ֪ɣӪдţԭǰǮѽ
λ˾һɣǮ
С飬ʡһǮģ
˴һô󣡡
ŮϽͷСףȴǸϸ㣬ּܶҵɾأ
˵¶οָм飬Ů֣ҡҡһҲûע⵽Էвɫ
ԣҪΪ¿ӣдʲô
ܺ˾ֻͣͷʢʱϢƬ̡
ŮһʱǸĸĪһ¡
Ҳ²¡
һŮǸ˷صģһ󿪿ڣ
ĸ̺ã˼ĸ£Ψ·࣬ԿģС
Цһдţλɩ²Ǹж˫Ŀᣬﻹͬҷɧ
ڶŮǸʵģһҲˣ
ĸãҡ
СŮҡҡͷҿҲûô
˵дʲôĸ
СŮһָ
㡯
º½ʱʱҪӪһ鼦ǸʿϻĿΡ
ʿġ
ٶϰ֮ǰڻ˽ӹĿѼ̻
Ӯ̣֮ϰͻȻ̡
ЩǭףЩʿˣЩ̼֣뷽跨⴬贬䴬޲ùڴҲҪɹƺӣĴӪǰ
ʿЧģҲмҾʧɶ뱻ڻȥ˴ǮڻūӪһң˻ȥġֳͨ˿úᣬҲᣬҵ˸ᣬһӱͷʹ޹ٸӪǮ½˵ǮҲӪǰǮܵġܹ黹˿ۿ͡
̼ȾͱȽϳܹΪ⣬ȻҲо˻ȸӪͼʮͷţС½ݸƬҪС½ûգŽ̫ʷбʹҲܼκһλ˶Ǽӵ°ⲻͳ
ɶ⣬ɶⶼҪҪʳҪҪƥҪҪҪҪ¶ͳɣȱʲôǶ취
Ŷ˵ûǮûǮûϵ佫нûǮֽᣬʹµĽǣõúܣС½ʹ򣡵ʱȥʹ˾У
½⻰ʱûסԥ
öҲôǮˣпһ䣬˭뵽üҰլԺƭһأ
ԥƺܲ磬ڴҵĿУǽӲˡ
ţĲƻ¾ôġ
ֿͣͣ½㣬ƽջãаַ񣿡
ȷʵͦġ


429 
һǩĲ֮,ʿ˵ⳡݻкܶܵȤ
˵Щ̹⣬ǭ׺ͻֲʿ⼸µļоһսƣ͡
½û߳ȥһ,̫Ҫæпջ뿪оӪȥѰԼ촵ţġ
һԯ,һƬƬߵͲƽ,ʸ˴˼仹Ҫһ϶ڻǹ,ʱ˭ҵķ,ƮˣǲСĳߴеǹڼҵˣǾҪһ,ҪҶˣ˿Ҳеġ
,,ģˮģƵģˮƵģԹٶϱڻ˽ӹķ˵,ЩС̯Ҵҵ࣬Ҳ㼤ҡ
ҵĻһСſŵĸ,Ͼǵɱر,˫,߾ܿţٴһ׳߼һ·ƶ¸ˡ
ʿΧתƵʾرߣϾѡһĲ÷ĻǾҲд˾ѽҪǸСԭǸǶЩССӵĿ͸ˣ
Ӫʱһ
ʹаǰЩϹٸǹӡ緵飬һִƷִһִźͱ޶·ִ
ǼȱĺСǸ÷Сʿһߣֱüͻ
Ϊ½ˣеڲĹŹ֡
ϾܶҲãҲãǶĹϽΧ˼ȥɵģҲԼԼʿˣ˼ϰչӸأ
˵ʱƺҶãоʱӶܱߵʱϽȨģôĻҲˡ
Ҳû˸˵
ûּɹˡ
Ҫ֪ĴҶͦܵġ
˿֮⣬ֵǶС
˵Ӫѵϴˮ裬ҪǺʱڲѰ²ϴ趼еģֻҪʮǮŪͰˮϴ裬ҪٻǮжѵҽʦȽţǧࣻ
ٱһһǮĿϷȻľܴ죬Сǻܿýζ
ȻҲʧ԰׾СʷϵеҪҵĵ÷޵Ȼã¶ˮҲʱΣߵЩǻܸϣҪǼоǮֻôġ
ѰϵҲС̼ŷһʲƣȥ͸һ¥Щ޿ĸſЩյ͵ʿȹĶ졣
ңЩǿúѰЩûȢϱģֻȢϱҲ뵱еСС˳ԷȻʱĳҹ̯Ӿر֡
ϰһһʹһ޽һ޵ʢϯ϶ˣûаҲû£ԺȵĿԭͲޣҵر㣬СǾͶܣСҲܡ
òˣҲҪһݣ׼⡣
ڹĹȻһۡ
òƯмӣĸֽ䣬бǮʮ䡪Щ˵ʿЩõӣеõǮЩõǲЩõʳҲȫȻΪѣÿ켫ˡ
Ĺ˵ѰӼˣǺӵĵˣҲһë̾ý˵׵İɣ
һǰʱûɵЩţ뵽һЩеûģʵĴ̼ðյźģ˼ͣԼϱǸ߸߾ϡ
ûɵӣǹ´һ󣬻̲סˡ
λʿ
տڣͱˡ
Ůɼ㼫ˣŵ˵һ
ŮɳĬһ
ԭʿǲ˰
ˣе£ŮѰ˺£
Ҳһˣ˵˽һǰ
ЩϯϳԳԺȺȵˣ첹ˣ첻ͳȥˮ׼õˣԭġ
һ죬һ֮Ҫļڣǿڵո۵ᱳۣڳﱸŵؼԼ֣Ҳ׼콫ԼŮ޳ȥÿ֯æͣһҪüһ׾׵ļ¡
Ȼڻˡ
ڻ˷˴ׯɱƽ񣬽ţʳȻҲӹһҲǲڸɽҲǲԼҵؽҲֻװ齵ķǡǡû
ǻˣܲһŶɺӣС½Ӫǰ⣬׬һǮʧѾ˵ӦøмԼ˵ĳ̶ȡ
չúǰһˡ
ߣ񵶣ϯϣЦݵضչޣһһڳڵ⣬ǰһˡ
ûʸȥԹڻˣҲûȥڻˣǵǿ׳ĺҲֻпֵأţı졣
ԭЩѾ㹻ʳصĻϡ
ڻˣЩͻȻͲˡ
µģҲǲǡֻǡչǻˡ
С½ľӪ⣬⣬ЩײƥʱҲ໥Ǹɱ̣ٵĽʲôӵģ
һС½صˣ
˵С½ϲˣ
˵òŮһ⣬һòɾȻɱ
Ҳ˵ʵǸںӣָ׳һƵġ
̫ˣҪôȡС½Ļİ
Žն̣٣Ҫն̣٣С½Ҳںһӣ
ǺҪۿһλŽںǸǰǺǰףҲ˵ˣҪʲô˵ʲôĻ
ǱϾЩֵḷ̌ѧʲô֣صģģзȵڣȻҲ˵ʲôʷĻ
ź½ӪдĸҪӵСһĲɰˡ
Ҽʿľ֮£ɾ룬֪ʿѰʿ䲻ͬһʡ
еΪشȷʵǲˣҲŽ档
ģŮɺܾϲ۾ʿŽʲô
ȻƲòŮ˵ȷʵǸӢӡ
ŮɺȻһ¾ˡ
ʲôҪС½һ£ŽŲзӦ
ոôһ䣬пˡ
Զһ꣬òЩƣɤӺһ梡
ŽżӪί˵ƺٻܡ
Ů˫Ĵ۾գգЩʧ
ֺ˵ڶ
ҲһҪֻŽһЩʿ׼λܲҡ
ĻȻͣˡ
ŵ˿ڿˮ
ƺͺˡ
ܲóֻĶӵĳ嶯նƮͻҲˡ
ֻҪһԼŸһӪȥѰŽ̫ˣ
ﲢû˵÷ǳ˳µǸ𰸡
ѾĳЩ˼ˣ¿λϱʱĿȻִ󷽣ҲЦ
۾һĶһӾˡ
ܲҡͬŽ˵Һһ޹⣿˵ţҰҮĸ飬ǱҲԸġ


430 
Ѱʱ,ŽӦúкԼֵܵǣһųһ⣬ǴСУХ߸һ¡
һ첻̫ס
ɱ̣Ǹǳ̡
ڻͳ˧ļ³,,©ʱ,Ѿ˺ܾá
õĿӧϣ⣬ҲȻδ֪һδ
֧ľʿ,һһΧ,ܹ̣ܲٵĴӪ
,κһٶһǱʤġ
һļΣ
Ԭ˵ļҵ֧ŵ̵ģ߶µ,ΪڻʱԼӺӣЩѣūͣ۽˲Ԭܵȴе½ı䡣
ݵľ΢ЦͬԼʿ˵ǿ֪,½һ֧Ů
ζʲô
ζű׳Ѿս,Ҳû㹻ĸˣ
ݵҰǲǾԸ˸,ƴ˿ƴԬ,ӹɵġ
Ԭͳһӱ,ӪѾܾá
ݡҰݡʱ,ݵũֵأ
졤ݡˮΪ֮ʱݵͯҰﱼܡ
˿ڲཫʵһ֮½ÿһ̶뾫ϸ㡣
ֻٲ򾫱زûкת١
Ϊ¶ĵġ
ڻ˵ʿ䣬սҲᣬһһؾ̣٣ֻҪڻڣǾΪǰ̡
һǸܹսΨһѡͳˣпܸĴҲ߰
Ԭܿʧĳ½Ϊʲôʧһأ
ڻ˸ս𣬴̤ǰܿɱúڽڰʱĴٴһ֧ţǡ
ûãֻԼսһܡ
ѾսգȻݵϢǰǼƥ˵սˣǱҪƣЩΡ
ɱСĽмսܶãܳ弸ء򲻵ѣ̣оΣǲ׼İսġ
ˣУȻԽԽԽԽͷڻԽԽԽԽʱߵ׷Ĺȡãѹ壬սϼ٣ټ٣
Щɵڻ䴩ѣڻ麷Ϊ٣ö̱ó뺺̱ʱܿһǻѪ²ǰ
ǵɢˣҪסͲôˡ
ŴֵͣŷһͨһһѪĲƽϺȻ˱ĺɫ籩
ȻأæʵԶ̣оʱɼʲô
ⳡ칦ǵõݺǿǵġȻʹǿѵҵԥҲ۰Ͱ͵˼ţͽӣȻǩ¿ʼ׼ġ˺üſ칦ԭͦ򵥣̣ⳡڻ˵ľʤҲõ֣̣֮ģ岮ֵǣߵֶǣıܣ˸Сǣڲ̶ͬϼΪսһӣͼܱˣս󲿷زݣ뼽ݾϡ
½ȽЩ˴壬پܶǵأ²ǵʿǼʹزݣ˻ؼҲٶʲôв
׷ЩڻӲһ׵£мСĥʿٻЩ֮һѷطֱȥǧʧء
ȵڽһβǲжݵڣҲⳡ칦硣
Ȼ󣬡ɶžյһ룬ұȡ׼
Ȼһ뻶
ϰ˸ɫζ
ͨĿţС֮⣬лƺƬҰƳɵ⽴Լǳ
ⶫѧСyuan ˵ζζ֣鹫ˡȾָʵľˡ
ʿҲã佫ҲãĵĶǽĲȣλ̣׼Ľ
С½һơ
Ȼԥ̫ʷȸ˳˾ܲ¹ðȻǸ·ξƫɶûƴǣƾͺȵޱȡ
һֺĴʤֵһף
ֲⳡսյ㣬̫ʱǻҪȥµĵˡ
һӮһֱ󺺡
ʱǻڲأ˶Եһ⣬Ƕ֪սʲôĿ
˽Ӧþ黶硣
Щȣʵ󲿷˺ȵò࣬ϾȺǻŵյأ⣬˴Ҵһ£ɽԹൽ̧ȥ֮⣬˺ȾҪһģ˳Բˮȵ˾ζķ۲裬ҲܺȺ
ȾȻҪƣԸ質裬Ƶģʲôվͱʲôա
֮ǰСʵ۲³𣿲輿Щ佫ҲֿνҲһ˿˻̫ʷ裬˾ܲ
ƽĶ˾ܲÿǲģϾҳ˾ͨɹƭı֮⣬յıҲеġ
Ǿ̫ˣȥһȦ
ǺӣӳڵϵС
ʿлˣҲŻǮһӳԣ˴ڴڵس⣬ڶˡ
ҲڳԿ⣬ͦһʤʣɱʿ˼ڻϿسԣһԻѪ塣
Ҳڳ裬β衷馡ˡ
ְҪΣգܵҲҪϹ
ְҪǹϺˣͺúùӣܵܲԹң
Ǻܹŵģһ¾Ϥеĸо
һ·Ŀյ߹ȥС룬Сҧһŵڵϣڰ֣Ҫ񣬾ô󿾵ýǽдȥˡ
ȻеأȾأԶЩһ̧ͷܿǡ
ѾߵСӪԵꢳդоӪӪظѲʿ֮⣬ȻûʲôڸɲݺͲտ˺徻
Ѱһܽʵꢳȥãĸɲݱѹ£ô̧ͷһǣԼ¡
ϵ𣿡
ϵãʵ˵ǸĦϵõġ
Ǻ
½תе⣬ԶοϷ
װɣһ˵ô˵
ģ
Ⲣûбʳڡ
ڳͤǸһȾƣÿκ꣬͵øһȺʹ996˸˳ûû̧֮⣬ӻϹȻȻ̣ӣԣקһ¶ͻԼԺȥͷƽ
ֻκ˺ȣֱ̱ڵϣǵֻߣԴڵĦĦҲǰ㷴Ӧûеġ
ûκҲûʹΡ
һһ⡣
̣ٵоȻɢӪбضǧңӪֲҰ󣬵θ᫣вԶһգĲ𣿡
ת
ʱ֣פţ֮Ѿϰˡ
ܾºϰߡ
ֵؿˡ
ʧǲܱ̣
ֲˡ
ȥĻƺϰϣҲǵƻ
ͳȺһֻСϣ򣬰һƣֻ¾Ʋ΢Щֻˡ
˵עڲϡ
ڿűǺһƬĻ⣬ȺҲڿĬ
ֱ꣬ǰοתͬλ˵˵ȴȺϵʱϵ΢ЦȻˡ
ǳȺѸٽԼͷҲת˻
ڿҲܴݵˡ


431 
֮ǰһֱ,ȺΪʲôܹ
ԭ졤ݴ£ܵأȥ,һѧʶ,˳ȺȥһΪ
һǿ½ǸδŮӣóȺ۳ŵ,ò,ѧʶƷжΪ,Ҫشһ¡
½,֪ƽʲôģ,ƾǼμ,ֻǸֱʳγûʲôĻǸˡ
ǰһƷĿ
̣,Ǽ,гǸ,ʱһ˿¶,ͻ̣ٴӪʱ
ñһ,ս֮ĵط,ԼԼԼ֮⣬Ѿʲôġ
Ǵ,һóġ
ʵڲ뿪ʰȫ,Ӿڳãŷص,ıһ갰Դæת˷²صĲ£ٲܵ,ƫֶƵ,ӪҲԸ
ȺѾˡ
ƻӳʿ,ò㣬̸ֹзȣ΢ЦԼʱģ޵Ҳһ˿
˺Ȼ̾һ
ģαأ
Щݺ΢ЦȻʧˣ򶨵ĿҲʧˡ
ȡ֮ƻһڷȻ
Լ³ִ֣˵Цˡ
Ȼǲ˳ĻߣЦ³ִֵģЩ򣴨ʿһ飬ƺҲѧЩΪ˴ĵʱҲԼ֪һߡ
֮¾ͺ˵ˣͷһʱԼֻʣһ
ΣļһΪΪŮ󡣡
ͻȰ˵ţǶĺҲݵллԼΪԼ߶öǸ
Ƕˣϲŭɫ˼ƣȺ׼ȥˡ
ֻ֮ǰƺЩʲôδ֮
ģ
ҹɫһǳֱյʿ˿ȻǲĵģһβΪλŮˡ
ԿοңԼҲ
Ȼһ̡
ʿ֮⣬̿˵Ҳ
ѡ·ǲ˵ˡ
峿ıӪһ˿̡
к˯δѵʿҲڼѲߵʿ
Ͱȥӱߴˮ긾ˣֻຮѼ䡣
ϻƺϣٱϡĹ⻪
ɿڴĴС˴˼ܻЩ룬Զ˿໥ȥ
˴Ӵˮδ˺˼䡣
ڴʱɺӵġ
½˯ѡ
ƺһΣεһЩģֵһ¡
˵ѧˣȥڼҵĺһڳǶˮһҲûǹѬˮʲô㡣
ǾͱͬĴסؼһٴ򣬴ͦݣ޵ͦҡ
ֱ˵εﱧźͬļҳһģһ߰ش˭ҵС󷽣ƷжС൱
Сһһϰд飬дͲд
ٱ˵ε½״μܴĽ·⻪õվڳǸСԺڰüɻ
ױⱨţ˵ʱ½㱧ԼС̺оϣͷңĿ͵ȻڻΡ
˺һڷӦ
̣٣ӱصǰء
½еӦһ仰ΪĺѴʡ
϶صģ⼸ﲻʲôӪм仰ãȻҲġ
óӱˡ
ʵ˵ôһ仰һҲû㺮ѣҶԿǰС˿Ҳ
룬ѾϰԶһЦС½Ҫŵͽˡ
㶵ؿ
ڼ˵
ռٶɣԬܴʱգɴݶɺӡ
룬᲻÷룬׷һ䡣
Ϊʲô
ڵССоǰλɾˡ
һĶ¶С½С½оֹڸԼʲô˵ʲôλɾҲɲΪ׿Ⱥ
ûɫ˰
½㻹ڳ档
ϵţ⣬㣬ʹȻʣʵը˰½ȥһѴлڵĳһ룬ͺԡ
ϲССˣȻ˳Ҳһ롣
ƺעһҲ
Ԭѽݣһ˵ںӱš
Ǹʲôˣ
ʣûлشֻĿһ¡
ӱıʿǾԬǰèëҷɣһ㲻֪֪֪飬Ϊھӵ˺˶жš
ģӡЩıʿǵҲͷĿĿ
ǱضĿ⣬̰ܣڶУ⶷еġ
½ȣͼ˻ۿеģ٣϶ͷĿĳ˹֣ʲô⶷еĴ
ûлشҲԼһ
Ҳ˺Ưһ̣ûĶٱ갺ͷ
ҲʼⳡսнԼĵλˡ
棬һδǳȥˡ
½עԼǰԿİһˮһߺȣһ߻Щ¡
Ҫɺӣ뽫ͤؾźãһͬϰ
뷨֪˺˾ܲ̿ˡ
ɺӺ󣬲ʱ䡣
š
һ֧ƫʦΪԬܶɺӡ
½Ȼһ¡
˾ܲȻˣĿҲȻˣʾڶ֮ռһκӵҪһɿڣôֻҪһɿܹϧһʱ䣬̶ӻݾɺӡ
һʵϯϣֱضŵͼ
ذһѣȥСװܿʢһ󣬽һ֭˽һϢƮ˳һŮ̲ס鶯һ±ӡ
ûע⣬ڶŵͼ
Ů࿴һۣһΪòģҲΪܳŮ̲סˡ
רעһҲϳô
˵˵Ŀ⻹ûƿӪ޵Σ
ŮС̽ͷһŵͼ
ǻȻһŵͼһ
ǼǶտ͹һΣ˭˿һۣҪŵͼˡ
һ£Ǻ˼һһʲô
ȻЦ
½ɲǸ
Ů̺طˣʲôģ
Ŀ⻹ͣŵͼϡ
⣬ʮƵ򼴽Ϊҵҵؿ֣ľϡ
Щľͷդ;һһӪկ
½ǲǸһҲġ
ıԶʤһӹɵģ׼Ӳկ̣һկʮһӪĲϽǰơ
ڹˣڽŵͼˣתͷһԼŮ˵׼½Ҫˡ


432 
ڲͤؾ˵,һƺƽ
ʧأųˣⲻʲôԤƵ,ͤؾҲʱԬܴѹ׼
һʱûз
ʱһһǰϻƺˮһ㲻ͣЪ,Ǿһȶ尾Ŀ֮Եø⡣
ŮǶ÷֮һ,ӭֽ֮һ,ûǮ,ҲҪ,ƺӰߵĹǻӷǮ,͢ӳŵġ
ŮǵǮ֮,ҲԳӪתһתЩΪ÷ѻԭ,뿪ͤİҲ֧̯ӣ׬ǮһϣԽر
˵ЩŮȻҲеս,ǱϾŮ,Яߵϰ,ҪдԼҪӣҪĲ÷,Ǵӹӹƥ֮Χ͵һȦԴһ΢ҹ,ֽزüһ·
½ߵľٺ½Ǳߵľͺܲͬ
½µľҪʱʱԼʿȥϴϴ,첹һ·,Ҫõģ
½ߵľҪʱʱһŮǵ,ֹ·һЩһµĻƺͼ
ԭʵҲûץôϣλꪱƽʱ£ֲȥû¾廨棬Լ·ǰǰһͼӸնߵТʵƽ߹֮һ·嵽֮սʱһǱúٴΰ
Ȼǰҵʿʱǰˣˡ
Ǽ·ûˣǸꪱ޵СŮ
Ǽ·ӶʴһϽ½׵λС½УξǼ·ǰǰĿֽǸꪱǰǰĿ˫ڶӣȴһͼĴ׳֡
Īˣ½˵·㴩ǴõģǸһģĵá
ǸʿһӲˣϽᡣ
Уξ棿ΡΡģǣСӪĶȥɣ
СĵڶТͻʵۣҶʱʯȻĹ»Ķ꣬Ļʵе裬СҲû壬һֱĵӣǸƿɳµ
½׷ȥֿһ·˵յģڻ֮ȥ
ҪʲôЦеʡ
ꪱָָｫУξȥô
½һӲЦˡ
Ҫȥˣ룬˲֪󸸿˿ܻܸ˵ĶƤ
Խ˵Ժˣ
Сһ۾ֽһˮ
ڲŻ˵ܶеΣգﲻǴأСҲûܻ֩Ŀֲ£е㲻ԸһµľҭҭرӪҲȥˡ
ӪİҲʲô÷ˣͷԵ̯ӾͶˣӼСӵģ˳»ĥĥӵģ⻹мҵҵλͭƣ˿ͷŮ
̼ܾòϰǱߺá
ϰ̩ɽԭܳܽסͣסǸԴϻǮҲִŵϰߣŮʲôԼرߵҲ߱׼Ҫ
и˱͵͵˵һŮһһͭ˼Ǯһˣڶֹʼ۸񣬻һˣŮ̲סڽۣһֱӪӪĽŮ㬵ˡ
ûǮ
ݸ˵ǸǸŮûۣѰ˸Ůװңڼĺʤ֮ġ
Щ̼֮⣬ҲмڹСֿ̼Ů󣬾ʹԼֶѡüȥģСҲҪһԽ
һκһ춼ûʲôͬ
Ѳߵʿвʿʿ
С黨ģ۱ģһöǮһδɷʲôģġ
ƺͣ˴СബйϵûкģҲйϵüǹġ
ãˮҲûȻƺˡ
ˮ棬Щͻ˵ת䣬ˮѽҲûʲôãС½Σںӱߴ̣ǲˮ϶Ǻ
Ǿһ߲ͣʻʿȥһ죬ֱи۾ظһ䡣
ŵĴǣűȥôھ۷
ҷ׷̧ȥֻˣƫͷܵÿ죬ˮײ˲Ҫ޵ģ
£ɣܵȷʵܿ죬ͤؾһ˱һˣΪӽ֮á
֧ؾãǮ㣬˲ǮҲȱĴЩԵĴҵȷеĽʺޡ
Ҵ˳£ٵǰʱĴҶһ
ţƤĴϲ˼ʸϴ˺ۡ
ЩҵкӵаģοЩ˺ǹקɵģ̾һ
ţ˽ٴĺӵɣ
ǴϸԴǱ⻰Ъ˹ˮկ˺ӵˣ
ЩҸˡ
ռΣС½ռΣǴӵﳤĴɣ
Ȼǳģܳľͷ˵ⶫ͹ˡ
Ǹֺܴܰ͵ˡ
ҪӲկ̣Ϊ˶½ҰػսĿܣΪһɱŵĿռ䣬ñ½ӣҲԼľӹӡ
ɿڶ½ôһɿڣǡ
ҪԵĺӰ
һҪĲ½ϵӪկˮկ
·ҲҪ˹ѫ֤ﲻˮˮݣˮկѶҲʹ󽵵ˡ
򿳷ľͷһ˵ӱߣ׮ӣդ˼Ҵˮ˹С֮⣬׼ݵĴһ·֧Ԯ
ЦݼҴҵʲô첻
ֱˮľţľ壬ʿҲõˮȥƽأڼϼܺǿùס棬ӿԣ°
ܲͤŲ͵½УҲܿõϢ
˻ƺӣ˵ڵݲͷǳ鷳ˣų½׵˵ⲻֹ鷳˽ѵΣ֮С
ԬдȻڻƺɶݣֻҪһֱʣ˾ͶˣԬ˵һϵⶼ⡣
λӱڣôɺӣıλ޷κڵģ½̳Ұս
ȻǲǵģԼȻҪɿڡ
ĶɿڣĴƺӶ˱ȻߣһݾԳڻƺϰκһطȻҲԽӪկһ·޵ȥ
½ܳȣҲȻ׷֧
ıԴԴ˳Ʋϸ
˵ʵ޻ġ
½оżԴһһĻ˰죬ε˿ֱ㶣λؾ߳һ·ôһˮկⷬģ
ԥͻȻ̾һ
Ǽ佫ȫ¶˻Ȼ顣
ⲻһ⣬һ⡣
һ⣬ǻ¶ִͷܴ˵Ĺӵġ


433 
,û취ⲻǶʱܲġ
ԬϽطǶ겻̣רֵ֯ģũ,Ҳµũũ
ضЪûҪһ,½㰴ҲͶʮ,һǧ˰Ҫѧϰɼõ,Ļû,ѾΧھӰԬԬԬ̷ܲ߶һ顣
ҪǮ͹ˡ
ˣǴڴؿԥ
ǴҵĿⶼλǧʯľ
ԥض˶
,ҴΪ̽öȡ
ڿˣ˵,ö,϶ǲõġ
ԥ̾һ
ȱǮͼǧǮҲֵʲô
ͻȥˡ
ǮӵһУԬٴͲ䡣
ǮĶʳ,㴩,ֻȶĵطá
һʮǮ,ʱҲʮꡣ
½ҪĲǮҲҪıҪ,Ҫ,кܶڻ²,ǿԳ䵱򣬿ʳأ
ݵŮ˶սˣ˭֣˭ģ˭֯أ
ԥĻش𲢲ǡǻСǡ㿴Űɡ
ԥ뿪ǰڼһ档
ѧʿ˺ܶࡣ
ԥ½ݣȻҲҪĹͳȣֻ»תİףʣ¶ȥسӡ
ﻹҪ֣գһҪһԱȥ¡
ǿڸϺѧʿ˰˹ҪҲȥͷǸɵ
һƣԼǱũдôʿӭһȻʾЩʿˣǲÿһ˵ԼĽĶǲĸ߷ˢʱˣҪѧһѧװģˢˢľˣ
ȻЩϸƤ⣬ϳ˳дµļ֮⣬ûϼʿǾȥ̸ɻˡ
ɵúò˵ٱҲ
ԥѧʱԥľһĻ档
Ҳȥټֻм˴ذϺܿһǳǳĻңӲȹʱǰĵذǲ㱡Ļ¶Ĺ⡣
ϲӾ𣬹߳㣬Ҳܿ羰˿Ҳ˲ãҶһƬһƬظŷ磬ľӣϣϣذϣпڵļͷ
߹ڲʿƺûô⡣
㽫صؾ߰ɡ˵
ԥܶںɣΨû뵽֣Ҳû뵽ôֱ˵
Ԭƴܲٿս޷С½λݴʷ˵жˣʹ߶ˡ
޷߰ףԥʱ࣬򶨵ؿĿȷһ㡰ݴʷӡ
ҽؾߣʹԬ̷
ڱЦˣڴˣѵұܵеùԬ̷𣿡
۶ԼڲˣԥҲ˵ʲô
ʤˣҲʤ̩ɽ
ǰˣҹҲҪټҡ
½֪ʲôʱֱͦˡ
Щڱ࣬࣬򲻹࣬ܵõĴҲɧˡ
Ǵ̾һʼ
۾Щ¶ȵģһҺһԹʧˡ
ıһ˵Ҿ£ͤؾָΣ
ͤؾܳ˾ܲ̿ˣ˾Ѯգսڻƺ֮ϣ䣬Ϊ֮УֵԱ
˾ܲһ
֪ǽ߼ߣܵмݾ𣿡
˾ܲҲǹϿҡ
۾ȴһĹ鸽ǮΪ֮ǰؼգ㵱ؼա
Ĳȥˡ
Щڳȥ
Ȼʷ˽⣬֮սֻģܲһѻˮկˣ
ܿ϶ܵġ
ôأ
ûˮ
ҪսǸĶǻȻһҲУǣʿῪĶʵա
ȻҲԱװϣϹͣȻ˳ֱȥײˮկһѻˮկˡ
δжٴͦģ嵽ʮװѵأЩ߹ļݾҲҹҹڻƺˮľϵǳ̫ħˡ
Ҫˮկգ۳䡣
ҵںӱ޵һĴӪ
֧ݾڻƺӱʱǽսʤġ
ǵӪկ޵ụ̈ⲻҪ¡
ҪǵǼݣÿһأÿһǳأÿһգԴԴϵΪṩԴ
һԵĴսﳹǣǵԮ޾ġ
˾ܲҲܼˣòͤؾסݾô˻ᣬѸ£ȫݣҽٶץȡһ̵Ļᡣ
ų½ף˾ܲ죬ûʲô顣
Ǻ죬֮ҲӦһϸͳ˧Ӧѡ
ʲôѡأ
ųѵûаʦѵų
ף룬ڳǸ̻ƵҹǸСƿţ͵۾ͷʱԼ
һ·ˮǧɽڰѾǸһӪУξˣ˲࣬Ҳս˹ݣعǣ˷ǣʱˡ
ŮǣǿԱ
û֧ؾɵؽӪկƺҪôأ
һϣΣ
Ȼ˵˷׷ȥǸԴ
һҪһǸˣΪо˲Ϥ
ǸĬԵˡ
½һӾˡ
ѷ˵㱱ʲô
ݣʹԬܾɣȫ£˳˵ͤؾϳɺӡ
ƺãһ֧ɱȥոʲôģ⻹̫ͳˡ
Ҫٱߣµݣо·ߣĿ꣬ʱγ
ºµĲݾ˳˵Ҵߣ֧һݱɡ
㶵ؿȻأ
ݾκǱضݣضǡ
ȻأصʣҾ£ͤؾɺӳ֮󣬲ѷҪô
߽Ӫ벽оɿȰ裬Ԭݻƺӣζɺأ
ȫݺжɺ֮
ƻҲ˳ġ
ΪǸ·ǳأǳˣƻҪPLAN AҪPLAN BCDEFGһ׵͡
ƻżĲȷԡ
Ͼǧʷ£ȥ綼ܽ湦ָӴ̻ǵԼģоģôߣĴܵе
ƺȫûĸ˳ϲ飬һףźգǰգԼңԶǰʱﶼûʲôֱ𣬶ע
ص˵ͷ
Ǿ;£ȫݣ촬Ϊ߲ѷ֮Ԯ
ʵ⻰˵òԣ˵ͺˡ
Ӧȵһлġ
˳۾һ£Ц佫΢΢Цˡ
л


434 
˵,ƺһж˳
ˮկ½ڻƺϵĴֻɳȥ鷶ͤӪկ,Լʹò֪ƣ,޾ĵе
һжɵؽʱ,Ҫһ⡣
ûͬս֮ǰӪھںЭͳȺ󷽵ԴԼкӱҡ
Щҳʱ,ǲóǮ,һԼĶɵǰ,λָӹͨҲǹһһһ֧
½֪,Ҳʲôļı
˵ж,ôʵ޻ҿ
,ȷʵá
Щмٵһ,±ԬԼѹס,򻻴ҲҪķ˼ϾǼſڶһ,ЩľӪﶼһݲСļ˽ƽʱͬʶ˵ڽ˾Ӫ,ͺҪֳߵʤ
⻹Ըǿļ,ǿʤֻᳬӱ
뵽ĽӲկ̵ļıǡôˡ
Ӫկ,ʮһӪկ,һӪկһӱҳָӹ,ٴԼ˽,ȻܲסӪկǵļЧҹ,ˡ
Ǯǿ϶ǮģôԬܵıҽͷӪկҪܷ͵ýǮֵǮ۹ͣգ
Щ佫岮үҲһ𱻶ԱˡǮС£Ǵ£һͳµĲУԼұˢһ߷֣
˵ĶС
½ݴǿʹӱˣЩܵԬŴ˿ܸȨ˵ģҲԼǴ󺺵ģġ
֯ϯҲͰˣ֮Ҳо֮ͽҲˡ½Ͳˣ
ϣһƬݱ׼һսĺӱңģֻҪһ½½׽öݸʲô͹ˡ
ˬʱڣɱĳһȦ
˾߽ʱɻü
涼˴ĴԵһ㶼ƣǳϺͨÿ
óŰ֮ʱĴʻסš
ϸֿһۺͻȻˡ
ЩĴ渲Աľ篣Ȼó浲棬ϸǲġ
篼ֵƣΪֲҪһĲµ˿˿ԭͼἫϸҪ֯һƥϼѣҹŮѰҲᴩ
ȴ˺ǺԼĴоʡ
˵ֲɫŸеˡ
ȴһҲûȵֶֹ֣񣬴ºŮˮǴĿֱǿֶӣǿԼֶӡ
ҽѰֶˣΪһ£
һ㶣ߣ¸ҲЧҮ
ЧǲЧģ෴еЦֱѡиȱдѸٱԲϡ
ӪЩ֮Ը㣬һֶ֧ƷǷ񣿡
ٸոǵ㲻һӾɢˣȡ֮һֿ˰ľϲ֣̿
кεºܣΣ
״εرԼлʱذ˰֡
ӸѣĹͣѵҪ˲ɣʿЦʹǣȲҪҲҪʲôıʿһſݺͶʯգ±سӣ
ͷԼ򵥵۾Щϲ֣̿ڻĸжԶֶٵα
֪֮ģ㷱֮񲻿ˣֵʵģ·ǣƲͤʱдű֮Ӹǣ
ϼˣٵĺһ˿һҲûв١
ȻĴɵСֶǲܵģʲô飿һôڵĽ
ȷʵǿӲŸСһġ
ھ裬ͣҹӱһȴԬ֮⣬оں䡣
뿿սƣӣҲҪǮ಻࣬ȴʿ֮⣬ԼĲֶ಻ࡣ
ԬķСϵһֱͬʱҲϰ壬ָϰΪ˽ʧԼ棬ǮҲ͵͵
ԬܵĴܼңǺº͵һˣҲΪ֧ǧǮʵһԼҵС⣬ܰ˱Ƥ£
ʣһǱˣȻֱܲ˵£ύľˡ
ԼⳡֶвͶұĵأ
ûпǹһ˵ֱ֧ܲܵͳ˧
Ϊ϶ǵ˵ġ
֧򷶳ǵļݾʵҲҪһͳ˧
ݳǰţĺˮµԭľǣһʱǵؾһɫ԰ףʧȥѰǵľˣ
ˣµ˹ǳ
Щ峵ͶʯݳǱȱȻôôߣȳϵǿҪߣ
Щеȫ壬͹лܲһЩĥҪڳ½װ͵ԡһһΪЩȻάУʱϵؾѾһš
ǹõݳ
Ǹ߽ɣŻݳǷǵĳǽôãҲɶѰ
Ǹ峵ͷͷôףܰҵײϡã
زסģ
ӵһؾﺰʱС̳ȥһȭ򷭣Ҫץȥٴá
ɽžԽԽʿǵĿ飬仰
ԽԽ˳ֹȵųϹʱѾ
ʵǹʱõݳ
Ǽݳȹʱ޵ĸһЩе㲻ȣһ㱻жǺܹõģǽʿǣͲʽ㡣
һҲں
Ͷʯģ峵ûô棬ΪֺֿõصͷģǸƤʵпյġ
ݳҲеС⣬
ΪѾǿ˵Ѫǿļı
УһҲûʲôͬ
ҪʿɸߵĳǽֻҪļݾڳ£ٽЩǵĴһƳؾʿȻͱˡ
һ㶼ǵؾʿˣ̩ɽʿһ˲䶼ˡ
ô
˼԰ѹѹĵоԼЩδĴһʱжһɾ⡣
ͤؾʱûжЩ̯յİѾȿֺͳԼһʳһöǮҪϴȥ԰
ݾһɿʱ½ģȷĻ档


435 
ݾľӪ½׼κξӪܲͬ
Զģ빤,ʵ̫ˣԭҪʿȥĻƶЩ
ʿǿձ֮صʿҪ࣬,׳˶Ŵ׳ı۰͸һĴ,߹ʱ,ֶԱȻǿҡ
Щڣɫƣ,ѾõĲЬ,ĬؿľϣӪ֮䡣
ǿطũ½״ӳӳƽԭС桢,⸱ģ
ݳ,ЩսҵĵطȻûʲô
Щս֮,Ҳһ,һļ
½׸е졣,ԶԶעӪ,üȥȥ۲죬ҪпһЩõʱ,ȻŮ˹

梵ŷ֡
һΪʱдģûѧôʿһԴ,ڳ¼ѧ,ҲֻǾд˳,ðһЩֵĴ,ûĲɿԡᆪµдܶණ
˵ڹԵ˺ܲѰ㣬ҪϣֻҪϹһ£΢պһõ֭ԽȻޱȣлǹ
ֱ˵®һĻ񣬻һϱĴԣԺѡ˲ҪѡˣҲÿ̹öʲôˣ
ٱ˵ٴĹ͵͵һ鱦ʯûȺͱܸˣ˵صضԸģȵȡ
ŽˣдһЩԼĽζСԣҲųҵİԣôһü꣬תתȥģе㲻ڡ
ЩŶصսϻšԭǷڼģһ׶μʲôһУǸϻӲɹ򿪺󣬰дţֽĻ˿Ļģһ˿ˮӡ
ݺǱͬĴ˼£ôݣվɿ޵úܴ½Щ⺢Ѿ˼ٿ޵ı¡
֮ʮӡű˳У͵ǲսϻġ
һš
дŵ˲İ梣ͳ˧
ͳ˧Ѿ£زͤųһͬӣ߾ǡ
һˡ
Ųǰдģ
ӵһΪϢǲʹѯʣΣͤܲססټһ£ԬܵıܴӲͤ£ҲݵĴ޷ͽҲǲԮϡ
ȻزסͲҪǿɺӳˡ
żݾҪʱɲ갰һ¡
ܴҵʿڼݾЩȻǰе갰Ե̩ɽǿŵסġ
ⲻΪԶҲΪǵʿģƵսҲΪ갰Ӫկ޵ú
Ӫկڻɽˮɽ滷ɽһˮټ̩ɽܱɽóɽԽ룬갰ԵĴӪ͸ѹˡ
½׹ʱԶٷ
ںϳԵģڵҰ۵Ŀ⣬гϸ˿㣬ɽĹӣٶ
⾰ɫΣ
ˮγ쳾˵֮
갰ԹЦ
ǴӺģ֮λ󺺵½Уξһ
سһӡ

ԺãҲЦٹԣ͸ӷˡ
ףλˬ̩ɽ̵½Уξϲ˴ɫӪǣ
ͣͣȻּһڡ
оܶɺӰ
ǿڱ갰˵СʹбǧҲвݾġ
½׻ϸϸؽڣһҲԣԥԥġ
ӣʮһûʲô̵С갰ԲԾҲ˼֡
ѹ½£ԵУó졤ݲǡ
ԵУ½ͻȻ˵أ
ոһʱﻹ뼽ݾӪЩ
áסӽȥ룬Ҳ벻Щʲôˡ½סܿеԵˡ
طѾʮδйսңǭȴ࣬ԭӪ桰ִϡ
ӱȻǶģû˵һλֻбλȨأδһ
λݺ֮ˡ
ЩõĲЬһæµҲͲԵùˡ
Ԭӱʿ֮䣬ûоԵϵ
ϵԸ⽫ӱݽʿȥǵõ˲ƸȨƣ˲ҳر
˫ӮģʽֻЩײũ˵ҵġ
ǵأǵķݣԼʿ޼ɵ°һգΪԬĴۡ
ʹԬ˵Ҳһͷ½߰ףĳˣĳ뽨µһʼö̫ȨңΪͳһµĽУҵֻԽԽ󣬵ײյĸҲԽԽأֱ
һȴѾ
ԬܴʱȻԭǿӱҲŬΪӮһ̣һŹһչ¶µʵ
ĵǰȻԵеĸо
ĵҲиɻ½ģ룬ǰ梣һа취ġ
ҡ
߽פϰɼݾʲô춯ûУ
갰һ㶣ݾڻ£ĺ۲ǳ
ӪկѾˡ
˵Լɻʱ갰ԺȻδ֮
ԼݾʱȷŲСѹǱϾڶһ̣ԼǰҲûпʼⳡпĴս
ôѾճ־õս֮еĲܲأ
½˵һصġۡĽ͡
һλСһɰŮߣʱ÷ɿ죬СʱҲ񼸷һ
λСʱƤڻ¯ߣʱˣҲСʱһ尾
սйصÿһ춼ر
ÿһսῴʿսͬһᣬһ߽ڲڹϣǸɰ˵ʲôʲô£ЩõƷУҲֻһĬԵͨˣǸԵôż쳳ܣż͵ż˼ӣҳЦı
ʹһ˵ȥҲ˸еģΪҲļˣҲҪ½ĸס
½˶ꡣ
ûʱƬ½ϣѾǹھµİսʿѾ۵ʿ䡣ǵķսƥͣ׷Ľ߽࣬ԼǵҲ˱˸߿һۣڲܻţĽŲ
Щ˵ⳡսʲôģأ
ǾͿǹʲôģˣǴڴĿ֣Ϫ׽ϺзĿ֣춥ԼĶڼϣСȥһ֦ͷĹӵĿ֣ǶԼůϯϣר־ΪϸһǾƵĿ֡
ǵļ䱻Ѫʬˡ
ΪǾÿ峿ۼĶҲÿҹߵĶ
ǾͿҪ벻Ĵˡ
ʹǵͳ˧͸㣬۲ŴԵһλӢʹýʯɣȻ⡤已̥
Щ˶ԣսѾ̫úûһڣǵľͿҪֲȥˡ


436 
ݾ˿,ܲǲܲġ
Ե÷ǳ򶨣ߵҲ,λͳ˧ǵĸоȻˡ
Ȼߣһý佫·ʱŷ磬˭̬ܸ̲ܵ
ϲѧʹڴʱ,ҲȤԼıʿ̸˵أдһƪĴǻĴǸ
ӪһߣͬС,˵Цһ
ϲͬ,ǸϸҪԼˣأ͵ƶҪþ󣬲Żһ͡
ڵĲϵ¾ܻڼָսѾһģˡ
ķһҲûȻڷɿݣֻӥһɵ۾ȥ,ǷɾͱһֱĿ⣻
ǸһһõԼоŲͼ
ǰѲӪƵʸ,ҲڶС΢ЦԽԽƵطԼĽ,̬ϰߣ
,۳ԴûκҪ,ΨҪΪȡ֦ƣСɽһ֦ϣʮֻյжͣҹһֱյ
һƬԲõĵƻУڰߣ֧Լͷ­һ
ƺξ뿪оʣߵӪУʿǱٸһˡ
һŵٸϴϣɣ׷ʿǵûԼϼֵǵļҵļЩʿĴսѾս˵һŵٸ࣬ģ
ڶŵٸϴׯϵɫڱݱǶǴ󺺾ӣսرǿҹսڻܻƽݵһ֮ؾģ׷ģ
ŵٸϴ̰ɫǻܻƽõݱ֧ͺܲսҲǿʤ˶ڣȥ졤ݣʮѪιǣȡǵģ׷ģ
ŵٸϴŷŭı飬Ǻõݾÿ֮ʱľǾͻȥһѡʮĶɣļֻҪ˿Դߵ䣬ͻһǴߣ¿캰صĸ˺ͺӡ
ĬؿǣҲĬؿ
ǻΪսڣΪǱ뱣Լļ԰
һɫ½ֻͬսһˣսҲı
ǵϢ᲻ϵظԼʿʿһһ岻ңΪԼһȵĴ󷽡
һģ˼¡
Ҳǹ¾սıһλޱǿѣ
ôܸܰأ
˵мһӿǿҵĺ飬ҪһԼ֣֧Σľս
ƺȷʵˣЩٸûж
ǲǺ޷Ӧǵıˡ
Щٸüͷɴ۾ֿ죬ͨͨˡ
ǵϸֳһֲӦֵ顣
룬ҲƣǵƤţƳɵ۾ﲻʣĿ͸ɢˣǿǸע˭
ܲٺȻʶǲ룬ǲƣľ
ƬΪ˱̫ѪŴսϣĬľؿ
ֲһǸϤٸϵǸʿģļǸٸѸٵؿѣȻһƬƬ
յսˮһ㣬ٸѵ
ܲˡ
ѲҹʿŽ߹
֦ƻһһҶյù財
ֻҪӰ̧ͷܿڼϵͭҲܿͭˡ
Ǹ˳ƣȫһܲ룬Ϊǲóľġ
ҲΪʲôֵġ
ʵǿһֱʮּɵĵ֣ʱѾɳ޷ĳ̶ȡ
һѾʮԵֵһA
ЩĲСΪǰεͷǲϧƴ۵ǿҲһѪҲһµ϶ŶĿȣ
ʹˣܲ룬ȻӦ
Ҫסͨݵ⻧ţ˵½Ҳĳǳأ
סݣѰ϶ҵһ취ĴӪ
ܲΪԼһһνƣĿϣ׼һϸ㣬صʿ͵ǰʱ½Ҳû˯
ҲҪݣӦ󣬳ݴڻ֮гݵģӸµĹģҪ¡
ʵ˵ôأ
£뿪֮ͽ˳
δǻʱķأλ֮ҲûܽĵطȥȻӵֱϽ롣
ջ룬ӦرԣϾھԱߣˮģ̫ƽܲȻԱ˺ܲԼİӦûǺչ˵ġ
ǰ£ʱܹȥſһ½Լһӳƽԭ·
·ϵ˲࣬붼Ұš
и߹ڲʿˣҲڵİա
ݵǳúܸߣ޻Ұʳ
ľ߹ʱᾪһȺһȺѻҲƤëҰǡ
ûеΪ򵼣ȥϱڲԫѰ٣ȥѰ٣ȥķϵѰ٣Ҳʲôˡ
Ƭƺ͸ˡ
мڵΪ
еʱ˳
Ҳ֮ǰˡ
Ҳǻؽ磬³͢򣬵û˹͵ڻˣͳ׻ķˡ
Ĭһ
ûʲôģôãֻӷ֣ܲʼûܽ½
ԭݲΪһڻƺԱҲԬˡ
̩ɽ̩ɽռţռţڶ졤ݵΧˡ
Ȼֻܲƽɽ
Ȼʶһֵ£ɵýĿ⿴Ǽˡ
˾ܲǰһ
ɫ²ܾѾӡ
һ
ּˣ
ʿܲ£δ𣿡˾ܲЦ
²һ֮
ܲʼҲûв
տʼľģա
ǵ󷽺̫ܲƽǿԱԭµġ
･ԽԽ٣ʱҲԽԽ
дʺ֮󣬸ݵ˴˳š
һľȻһЩĶֲŬȻݵʿǳ˱
ЩδܵսӰĿأղˡ
ܲһ˲ȷһֱɣŬ飬ڷ
ЩӦֱ֧Ҳȫȫ֧Ӯⳡսʿ壬ԽԽԵϯ


437 
ںĩκһ˵,ǮԶǭ׵
ΪЩǭʵģģС,˿,ֻҪһСеС,ᣬеʳ
ս,СҪȥһ,һοǿǽȻ,ǭײ,ܻСһЩսʤǹٸ
ΪٸԽÿһ緿ÿһƬضҹֱǲһʳҲߡ
ЩǭҲЩʳ,ڴĳɽһƬ֣ǿԿЩҰգǵҲҪע⵽ǵ˿ЩζЩɬ,ȻڵĹȫժɾߣҲΪ͵ǰߵĽʿС
һճ־õսеʱ,ȥЩͰéݷʱ,ֻܿһԴʵҰݣͬʵķͷð
һ,ǾͲٴǭ׵ʳ,ƬȻũڸ,,гĹӱһһװȲ
ҵͣҲ˼ҵ裬Ե٣ɵö࣬һŮҲҪȥеŮһлǿ˳ţһõıӻ
ֵûģľͻ
Ҫú棬ʱҪЩţǸ׹ʵϵҲ״赽һʳǸûʲô飬ôܿ˼ֻܹжôĬȻضһ裬غһڡ
Ҳû취ļʳ֮󣬿ҲЩʿ˺ͺǿھϯӲʩյҪǮ֧ԮܹһɣǼҵĶ˵Ҳǰ
ЩĶˣ˹Ȳ֣ЩʳҲΪܹҲΪԼҵĶɣЩԼҶǰ棬ҲԸٸʳˡ
ǣҲǵӲ˵ϲΪһƿСۼȫҰΣ
ϸ˼ȫΣϵڲܹһˣܹսܣݾīҽѣһֶ
˵ʱǸ԰׵ؿһۡ
ڻʱܹڣ
δ֮ѾˣЩԸ⽻ʳҵ̬Ҳȷˣ
ҪʳΪʲô½ʳ
½ݺΪǣŰʿ壬֪𣡡
⻰˽һǸͷ˺ܾú󣬸һ𸴡
½ǵ͵أǲģվǸбˣҲ˵Ի촦ۣnu ġ
ղʳԭڴ˾ͺȷˡ
Ԭܴ˿мغʿһֱģһλ΢½ֺ͸˹ȥĽȻǲüһĵġ
ԬܲͬܲٴһʼͲԸЭѡһѵĵ·ȻҲ͵òĵİбнʱ˵üĿС̷ڸܵУԬڻҰʿȻ
ûΣҲûжٺøУʳôٽȥ
˼ͬĺ飬ҪԽ˷˵ȥЩǿңóһʾǱĺˡ
ʧģ̿ŶҾӴݱӣ
ԪΪܼؼʱ
ɱڵĻĺһ
ſ׳˶ݣԶû佫
һֿµʣʼձһֿȵľΣĸ
֪ʤֻƬ֮䣬ĺСֻҪס
ϵʱĻȻֹ
ӪҲһɺܲʵϢ
ߵĽŲٽƬսʱȻֻһ࣬һ࣬Щ졤ݿʿҲڳƬĲ
ľˣҪռɲҪȥԶĵطһտˮеݳޡˮԭ峺ѾһɻǵĭˣǶԵ÷ʷֻ֣Ҫʿسһ߹ڰߵʬ̵ڴãΣյ㡣
Ļ£ʿǲɱĲˡ
ҲԶҲҡ
ֻǸéݣҲֻ½ѵļĶǱϾǵļңӪвûսô߸ģûǮãҪ硣
˳üÿÿһλͬ۱̧ȥ͵͵̾
ĽǶģǣÿһλ佫Ҳ롣
˵˵ܲٵӪЩ򣬺ҪӪսʱλ޼ҲѾ˿˷ܵ
ܰԸҾһѪս
ǬСӣܹñıɲ
ҲһȦͳ˧侲
ǸýЩ
Ҫű
֮ɽг佫ȱ֮ĹɽµƸӣй˵ɽ¼ݾټɲ
ͼչһһɽ빵֣пܵķܵĶҾֵν䱸ơ
λıʿڸĵϻ˺ܾ˼Ҳƾ˼ԤȥΧݾδɽɱܲһֲ
һȺ佫оűϸʱڼһԣ˸һ룬۾ʱ̾ŵϵĲҩ
λýȻΪǰ;󣬲òӪЧÿնҪòҩѬԼ·ԺҲԼһСȲ˻Ҫһ㡣
оӪĻ͵͵²ۣҲأȴϸСģȫˣ治֪ﵽʲôá
λ߹ڲʿܾãһֱȵȺ佫鶨һսƻʱͻȻˡ
ض˼ǣճʱֻҪһܹľٶǡ
еԴһתȿڵĻǼڼľ塣
ο
ܹǰԻ
üͷ˾֮Ʋңһر˫˾оˣֵΣ
ڼԼĺ룬С½ѹӣܹʤ֮ġ
ʤ֮ģΪҪҾս
佫ǻڷ׷ױԼĲ⣬ѾȻ
ϵ׳ʿ 
һηǳӡ
Уܲپӷˮû˷ֻ֣ݶ̼һڸɾˮҲȲϣһȺ׷ҲԲ
µǣ뼢ϯǳأǰտʼȻʿҲŴÿ춼˱ؾӳǽȥڳǽڲ࣬ʱпҲˡ
ܲʱʲôأ
ڳţڸˬĸߵӪһ飬Ĭų򱨸ÿﶪ˶ʬ壬ؾֶܼá
ؾôãǳϡһҲȻˡ
й½߾ȫشµһһߣֻΪԮǵ˵£ȻʿҲֵԮ
ڷˮת˱Χյı˲ܲ١
ıԽԽ࣬ΧȦҲ͡
ǼҪԼľءȻһλѿԵĺԮġ
ܲٵȷԼĽʿ˵ģֻҪԬܶɺӣսսֽ˲ı䣬ݿ࣬еı
ɲô롣
ɢҩζͲѡдϵļڼֻƽ˵
ܹӣ׷񣿡


438 
ܲ,ս˵һܼ尾⡣
ڳ˵Ⲣһ⡣
˶ͬ
־һ,ʮһʱܲܲΪ,֮Ž湦Ϊƽ࣬ΪܲţҲǳĺ⣬ݼƵһˡ
˭뵽أʮزһʮʿӦרעںŪ,ƽһҲźЩźӦڱ޲ﲻϷܷȻ
ȫȻͬһźûнκɣѡں뻨׵ͳ,ҳΪ½֪֮ˡ
һжģҪԼȫľѪر
һжҵ,Ԫ޸ɡ
ָֻƽɣȥһĺļ,ߵĶͷԳһ亹˳Ų԰׵չ,ɫǰϡ
һ˲Ҳ߽һ
Ͼ
ššһ۾̧ĴƬ۰¶˳,ɭɭġ
Ҳɱ
ĺĻȥˡ
ǲڿս,ʹ۲,ҲóЩΪԮĶ
ľֻгŵļıǴĿġ
ͬأ۲ʵͦƽ˾ġ
ǲܲΪԼĵһӪȴʤаܣҲǿбȣٳ£۲Ǵδʧء
ǽҲһΪ۲ǵȷΪҪΪȫĳǳأǵڳ⣬ԼԸסġ
޽Ķʵլۡгߣÿ촦ͿԻؼϢδ˵Щø⣬ˬʱڣǿԳǴԣںӱߴʹڻˣҲԻصǽĳУͥԺһʵ۵٣齰һϣһ̸ͬ۵أһ߾һԡ
ǲʱգȻ˵š
ｫ۴ֱǰ磬ⳡ֯
Īթ˲ĵһ䡣
Ƿţȷ
˷ǳΪɣ
ʿ˻࿴һۣ˵̱Цһ
ǳдţȻζ
ǼղشЦ
İǰ濪ʼһֿܵ򡣺壬һɱʮҲ´Ϊ𾪡
ǰߵĲܹȱǮȱȱˣ󷽵Ƕپеˡ
۲⼸ʮŻͨ󣬾ⲻ
ǲҲڸְĹԱƽʱҲ㾤ҵҵ̷λĺСȻҲʲôɱǵġ
Ψһڸһ£ǳЩĴţϸˡ
ʳԭԼҵģ֣Ǳ֣Ųͨ飬ѵҲͨΪǣۺˡ
Ҳпǳų⣬ֻҪڳѵɵóź˭֪ܲελӷǸ뷢԰ף౿
һ뵽ƷһҵеЩ۲ǵʿ･ذ
һ಻ͳӲʩһЩǮʣǿϣȷǿóһЩġ
Ѿ˳Ǯ׼ЩԸģԸ⸰Ҳ˵ˣΪʿֻȥ½ǻڻˣϸ룬ð˶ķգҶ飬񲻱Ц֮
ҹƻͨ
ǰĻѼҪϵľԴԴϵĳؿլۡϵפۿ˽
˵ʹ磬Ҫء
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ǼֹĿһΣ
ҼƽʱйЩ⼸ѶϢҲƵƵţҪͷȥС˵ȴ
˱˼ҵҲδ֪ģ
Ѿã˭һмͷأ
Ǹ⣬Щǭ׵һۡ
ȴɹЩˮʳģȷʵеֵġ
һʿ߹ɻܿɢţƮ۲ǵҹˣմҴææظңⵣİӶҲϽ㶫ҪĶȥ
ؼʱѾ˷ʳвЩޣЩͺеѡ
ǰ˸ԸʹķʳҲζˡ
ⶫԭ˭ҲϳԵģҶ˵׵ǲҲôһСԻһȻЩˮ
ĸĸ޶죬Եú㣬뷹ҲҴææسԵýǽҪõζԺ
Ͼǹǵ£¡
ҹꡣ
˯öҲں©©ꡣ
ˮϣ˹
һһĻ⣬ŽŲҴææľԶȻмҽУ͸ӹˡ
ֻС⿴һۣ͸Ͻͷ˻ȥصԼĲϯϡ
ϯùζΪԶѾòֻҪݹѵ
Լµϯϣż˾ȵĺоǰġ
ƿʱмʿתɭȻؿ
˫۾ȻˣǴӻȪ·ϻһ㡣
ɱİӶǺܿ죬ѸٸԼոĶ
Щ˾Ĺ˻鷳ˡʲôϵ
Ͻһˣ˼⼸ɱԽԽˣûɱȻûãܵ취
ɫ԰׼ˡ
һСС浥ٵһСԺӣԭǴЩȼģڿˣ㽫˽ȥ
Ȼţɨȴʲݣ֩Ͻϸľмڵϸ߽ʱ۽ǴմȾ˻ҳüͷһ¡
ɼɨһ

ɨңѵҲɨϵ𣿡
ǰλһҲѾѩ׵ףЦˡ
ʿ֮ģ˼ȷҲѳɣֱյΣ
ŶׯصϣԳ˷ŭɫ
ҵģҹΪΣ룡㾹ԴΪ
ϵЦʧˡ
֮ΪҪΪ֮Ч
ɣﲻɣʿȻǲɵģѵ˵½
ңҪһʱһοˡ
ڣλ򣴨ҵʿһ˲ȥȫѪɫ
ʿ󱲶ǲԸΪЧұֻӣЧ˵˸ҸͲж׳ҲҪԱ飬սʳ
ţ˲ɣ޷ܵŭȵ㽫ʳսɸɾҪ׸
λ˾Ӹµע¶һЦݡ
һ֧ԮΪط·


439 
ٵķֱʼͤʱ,פ㲻ǰ
ǰȻ˺ӣΪʲôҪغӱߣԴݵչƣݾǰ,졣
вֻһ㡣δ²ͤûжɿڣûബ,ݵҲͲܺܿ͹ӡ
Ǹ־к˵ˡ
ܺ,¹·̫½̣±üӲ,˳Ҳر
ĳ,,۾,ǰʺһ췭ɽ룬ƻֺĴ۳һĳӡ
ֻȱЩ,ݾ͸ˡ
ϴʯ·ϲдѪ
Ƕͷ,峤,һͷףһڣԿ峤Ҳ޹ؽҪ
߾Ҳ̧ͷ
Ȳ̧ͷ,Ҳ,ȫʧȥ˷Ӧ
߹,żĦ
ڷзԵ,Ϊ
гꪵıڵ,ضɲ
ȻĽŲ,ںڵ
ȻиСӰԣ˽˶ҮҮ㽫Ӵϣ
СŮӵĸƿڴǸ㰢ĸµģûȥ
ȻЩҡ
˴ҴææǰקǸС˶˰
ҼҵˣŮҲҪһ·
ȻһĲҽ
·ϴѪͷеĻƸˡ
Ҿ֪ġи˵
һװ佫һĻ촽ضţȴ˵
ŽĿתüԪԮ͵ӪУʱ֮ˣ
ҽ価Դߣĺڿˣٵ¹سǡ
еĴɱģǵͲߣǻˣ֧ǵĻػ׹ʡ
Щ˶ҪΪǰոǳıͱ
߳ʮ֮⣬κλ
׽԰׵һ˿ɫҲûУĿӭųأȾŽɫ󣬿ˡ
ܸ񣬡ЦǰΣ
վڳϣӸµĿĺ뿪󣬲δ̻صԼĸۡ
˷ܣЩĪĵǣҪԼͷԽ侲ϸϸһ룬ʲô֮ûС
½Ѿ£ⲻ٣δֳʤʿǲҹͶģյҪ۲ǻʱա
۲ǣָôأ
Ѿ۲ǻлʺСӣ룬ǶϲܽģҪʱ԰˴ߡ
Ҳ̫½ϾݾѾɺӣԬܵ׾زڻһ㡭
뵽ݾʱüͷȻ
ƺʹˣһҹδ˯ԵʣȻҵ¡
ܽš
ʹʮмݾ
Ż㱵صͷּ㱨ȥĺţפЪţȥӭ
˵ͫһ˲ˣ
Ҳʼ޷Ƶÿһ¶һ󴸣ؿϣ
ĺԪúҲǳ㣬ȥţУУĪפ㣡
ĺԮֻͣƬ̣֧ģʺһļݾ׷
ʿǴҲɣҲǸʮϤˣȵ֣ʿǲЪϢƬ̡
ȻǸոմꢳϰģʱѾγһʮ־ŵСˣ۽ɣʰʲˣдոýģ͵Ŀ⣬һͻ㣬˸£Ӿͽں⽴˽ˡ
гɱƬ⣬΢΢ء
ܹǶĺѣԪãҲǶʶּԪãлϲˣ˵һҪһյ
ĺƽǵɵøһ˿Щĺ졣
벻ȻģϾǣݸضв֮ģع³ǣҪ̼ݾԮ֣ȥţʱѾ뵽һ

ĺᣬһյƣΪˡ

һԪã㻽ʲôߵµԶ
ĺֻܺ˵ڶյƣĿںһԶ
ݱҴææܵӪ׾ˡ
ʲô
ĺӹ˿һۣǳٵµţ¡
һֻϡ
ʲôţعƬۣɵ˵ҼΣĪЩΪϣ
ĺֺ˵յơ
ӿͷʱΪܲص佫ûǰ㣬
˼ԽԽҲڸǲסֹ졣
ո߳ʮΪʲôҪţ
ŶԼİΣ֮⣬֮⣬ʲôֵҴææ׷ţ
ֻ
̧ͷýʣֻ۾ضŶʿ
Ծһ仯ûУϻһ˿Ц⡣
ֻԾؽһԵ彣ʱСȻݵ
ˣµͬЩƫܣξ˾һˣ
ɫƬغ˯ˡ
Զ̻һںڰĻҲϨˡ
ֻгͷϻлѣȼŴ̱ǵͩζࣵķѣԵҹӾװ
һҹؾҲԸ⾤ҵҵѲ飬ǸһŮǽµĽ䣬Լһɲݣؿ棬ĵ㲻ʮֺҹĴ
ǳͷؾû취͵ҹС
Ǳһһ۵ڳͷȥְ໻ڣһȺƵġ
Ϊ̹˳ͷ
һ첻Բȣվڳͷϣ˭Ҳ֪ڿʲô˭Ҳ֪ƬȵҰʲôֵÿľɫ
ʲôأ
̫
̩ɽ
̹ԭ֣֮󣬱˵Լε˵̩ɽһֺաԡ䵱Ϊḹġ˲Ϊš
е죬ǽģ˿̹ĿͲͬˡ
ԼҲԼ˲ͬġ
ʱţһ·߹ʱ׳ʱֱ뷢԰ףֱֱҲٲʲô
߳ıƽݣΪһλǺʵġ
ضƬҹɫɽգɽĵ
ľȥĳǳأ˷򶫣ƮƮ
˺˴аڶϱڲԫ֦ȡůʿŽӪ߹
ޱ޼ʵĺڰһɽ嶸Ȼ
ŨѪһڷ嶥סҰ
ĺ棬ضһֽɫ̫
׷ԲԵ׳־ʵǣ·ʯͷֽţҲһ̶ͣЪһļ飬ͬһӤ۾ʲôûˣֻһɽĺա
̫ˣ

ǣʲô
˭ģ
ǲĺȥıλˡִ죿
̹̹
˴Ű죬ͷ
վ̩ɽϣɽ硣
һֺֻһ
һոµδŵģҫ貵δ
ŵĿδָЩ۲ңҲмȥ֧ʺһı
ֽŲã̤Ůǽֺգȥ


440 
·رɾ
Ǹߵ,صҲʮָ߱׼ҪƹǳأһѪȵľ籩˳ҵĲƸҪЩ̫,޷ߵ˽ǳϴˢɾ
ڵ,еѪůòһͰһͰˮ,۲ǵÿһ·ϴԭɫ
ɫʯÿһ˺,ӳһա
ҶĽŲƮ,ڷдһ
Ŵ,ӳıһûи˱ľ,ûֽͯ,û̸ٻԵеѵ
˳µʬ壬ŨҵɫҲû˸˵̫ѵˡ
ŵǺɫ,ͷǰɫ,ڳػɫ·,ɫԭѾʮֺءѪ
Ѫ޼ɵӿ,ǹһֻֻ֡
Щʿ˾̲סһ
Ѿˡ
һ˵
̬ȻЩԭǻŭҲĵײһ˿η塣
ϵ¾þս,δػһ
,ֻҪ۲,һĻ,ѵᱨ
,ﻹ
ЩΧһ,ͷųŵʬ,ͷӶ˽ǵڳɣڵӣиЩˣѾתͷȥһ
ǲʺһ£ļʿӵţ¡
ӸµؿһǾʬ壬ƫļ˽ϱ¶ʮʹļ׵ı顣
˳Щǵŵʬǰһֻ֣ʹļ׵غ
ٵ£ٵ£ڴ˰
ЩΧ治˵ҶĲ˽ڴػ࿴׵׷ʲô
ΧʿѾҧгݵġǱ˾ƴ󣬲Ҫˣ
ǵ˴³һûججѧʶλɱС½ҲȲǵмû˳˶ϡٵļļܻܿ츲𡪡Ƕٶһǻۺʡ
ԭú˳죬ĺغͱ䣬ͬܲٷˣ˵ԬҲѾܲٷˡ
Ȼٲصĳŵǿ԰ĽһжڼϣȻǴ޸ɵġ
ڰ̾
̾һʾ潫ĺ˳
ץסĺ֣ˮҪ
ٵ²֪ҸĽ鰡ֻǰؼңҪֳأ
Ⱥǿ͵͵ؿĺһۡ
ۣƺڿţƺֻڳ
Żãûֻۣеҡ
ЩǿǸӷģ֪Ҫһʲô壬ܲʲôϵ
˵ܲʲôϵѾ˲ˡ
ֻ֪ŵ۲ǵĹʶڲܲ˵Ѫ¸ô㣿
ĺȫһɱķŭЮš
̫ѨһۣҲһѪȵĿζǰһƬ԰ףЩ˵Ьĺ۽Ǵﳤģʯͷһްɫ
ʹǵҲ֪ô顣
ı뿪۲ǣѾʤ
ٵµȷǽ˴𣡿ɼʹˣҲֻ¶һų΢Цͬ紺ѿǶȻ޷ٳ£ģ
ĺ¾һƬϣ³
ȥ롣
ԪãϽϼСȥӭɣһҪ˵ҵһƬİੲݣرҡˣգҡҷһɣɸ㣡Īۣ
˶뿴һĬģޱĲܲĸηӦ
ʧˡ
̧ͷһҾ񣬡Զ֮ɽˮ಻
¶һ΢Цĺļ
۲һҹָֻ֮
绳ͣĴǰĿЩͷشǣƺԼ񿥣ȴֻΪŻɵͨڡ
ǭ̽ͷСĵƻͨķ
ϴξˣôҸ磡
֪ҹľʹΪӭݾٰģ
Ϊʹأ
ȷܹܲصĹ٣Ѿ
ѾͶ
ôͶԬܣ
ɱôĴ󻧣ô
֦࣬ϵÿһյ˳Ҳÿһͷ˿
˴һСԺȳֱȥԡ£ڸɼĿء
ҲȷʵĿءԴӽţͲκ˵κʾ⣬һ
ȻһƬƻ⣬˿ɻʧȨƣʧô̬򶨣߻أ
ƺһҲ䵭
෴յеıͣһյơ
Ϊʲô
ɾ̫ˡ
ΪȾһյƺòã
򣴨㲥ڼݾҵҵΪ๦ͣȵֳӦҲľ
Ϊ۲ǵҾһյƺòã
ǵȻǱƭˣŴţҾҲʹڳˣҲΪʹ
ȻΪ۲ǹԵ쾴һյô
ʹˣԬŵùԶŵù۲Ҳŵùǲܾפ۲ǵģüȥˮ𣬲罫۲ǻʹô
۲ǻǸ۲ǡ
ʹλʹ
һжûб䣬գ
ڸƴЦһڿڵسȾƣ̿߹˼ƻ߹
ЩȺĻϢǸ˹棬ƺãֻܾؿǡ
Ƕ⼫ˡ
Ѱһܲٳ׷ɡ±ʹ
ҲѰһڲܲٺԬܴ˵ùȥɡŲϣʹݷֱǰﰢһѶѣ
ܲԸ⣬Ҳ԰̾һ䣬սʧ֮ʣҰصǣȴ
Ȼϯվ
Ҳͣסˡ
˶ڲؿҪα粵ŭǽŵ뵽һǧһɣǵȻпԵģǲⳡȥ
ǣһ˳ȥ
ǱƮ׷˶ȥ
߻ǸҰСԺӣʿ׷ʱԺŹˡ
һ죬ֹһ졣
ȥ˺ܶ졣
Ҳûг
ʼղΪԼһ䡣


441 
վ۲ǵĳͷ,־ؾӸ£۲ʱһ,ޱ,ɵǧıݡ
½Ϊʿ,̣ٶնˣǻƮƮ
ƺӱһһ⣬ÿһⶼһͣʻŽ,ޣЩŵӪУЩƫξֻʵڿ̫,̫ˡ
Ҳã۲Ҳ,,ɣ,½ùļı
ǽһ棬½ȻҲù,ǰԬʱ,һȺƭٴţʱ,Ҳü˾ӳӪԯš
ǽ,һʱ,һʱ,ʱ½ݼ,һȺͷ²ҰĹ⻷ƺɫˣǼ˫ơ
ЩѾ̿
ΪһֻȣЩ̲ĲҩټһµȵĴƣʺʵľúԼһ¡
˽ϵ£һĻ£̩Ȼ³ǽ
ĿյҲϴˢɾˡ
벻ʲôġ
ĺԮʱܲٵϢ
ܾλδչչⳡսƺѾľľѪֻʣĲ֧ǡ
˵ĺǮԼһݱʱüۻǶݵչˡ
ǲʲôõʧ֮¸ģսʤǱضΪһսл
ѰΣóͼһһؿȥ̽пܻļƻ
֮ɽʮ߲ɣҰܺãáЩȥ̽飬ϸػ˿ϣÿһɽ꣬ÿһɽȪÿһɽܲһ㲻ؽԼıʿ
Ĭķ͹˼żһ仰ϸ΢֮һЩ飬͸²˳˼·ȥЩпܵ©Լܷ¶һһ
һֱģıʿĿƺȫڵͼϣҲźۼع۲
Ǹװ̫µˣƤʿ͸һ佫潡׳ɫЩ尾ʱʧȥһѪɫ佫һٸ
ٸͻȻݵػˡ
͸˷ܵĺҲƲסĳ嶯Ҫһսȱȱʿϡ˺ܾãڿǱһ٣Ȼ𳤸꣡
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ǸˣȻһ׾飬¶ȴ쳣ĳٶˡ
Ŀ⣬ȴ޷Ӧ
λϻ۵ıʿ˿˼ȴطſһ˲
һҴææҰϵˣ·ЩŢͷСض㿪ÿһӣֲȥ̧ͷһǰ
Ѿкƽؾ£ˣһ棬ŵϵҶʿҴܹ
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ĺױҴææܽĺ
ܽʵһ˲䣬غȻݵˣ
üƾ͸ƴ
ʿͲܹΪĺֱ꣬ƿˣǱֻܳԾضڼ£עλصĽժͷվڴĬȴ洫ȥĻ档
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˳Ҳûºҵһ꣬ǳ˷ĺļһ¡
ĺûж
ˮĶͷ£ˢϣ˭Ҳϵı飬Ҳ˵ʲô
ֻؿ촽˶ȻҪ¹
Ҳְĺƽʱǲġ
Ȼסرһ£ȻЦ
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ĺһӣһΪʲôأЦҲͷˡ
Цⲻζźأǲ
ûоͷսʱѾȥЩƿصδ
صλԯŴʱ͹Ѿµʮ֮˾š
Ҳ²ķӦ
ĺʣױΪѼףˮϸ󣬻ص״𵶵ػ
͹ζһĺ״һϢΪʲôЩصģްģЮѪҺĶƺٲˡ
۾Ц⣬ԼһɵĹ⡣
ݴ˵Զ̫ҵǮԮᣬ۲ҲȥֻȥͶҪһˣ
ǹλȻˡ
Ҳ¶һЦ⡣
潫ǶϲĺһӶͼʮӵģܲٵļҾҲ绳ĺߡ
ʱǴʱڣԼλȨأȻҲиλߵȺʹݣ˲ûΪѲܲٵļҾ죬ռ۲ǡߴٽźӱӵӪկ̽½ͬʱдһʮƯƼŸԬܡ
ѾĹʾɣʧݣͶһ߰һΪãֻҪʩܵõһλ֮գ
ͼһ۷ͣһ۽档
Ʋ統ľھ״λûǸλãĿѾٿˡ
ǶڳĬԬϲż˴ͷһ䣬̸ϡ
֮⣬ǿ̬ȶãʵеϲ
Ԭǣǳɾ͸СıʿЭǺټģֻҪһģӱƲɵ
ԶΪݣ书ӡֻǲ֪ϵսܣҾ֮Ƿ
ƺǷȿ˿ڡ
ھҲ̶ֵһ䡣
ϾֵܣԬܳĬһҽݣҪѰһ
ʣֻǲϵ¾սƣ֣ҪڴˣţǴʾ֮
Ҳ͸šзִ硱ظһЩԡ
Ųܹж֮־Ϊ֮
ѵóУıô
һһܲʲôԹԴһǳıʿ˼·
˴󹦣ּ˲ܲӱǲҪѹͰԲˣ
ǰԲ˹ͣأ
ܲٵ۲ǶˣôѼҾӱֻܲˣǲǲܲԭزס۲ǣ
ǧòᣬϵҲھϧ
ǻʲô¶
ߴߴɵؽͣһҲûע⵽ıʿ֮иӰֻͷβһ仰û˵


442 
й˼¼ʿ
ԭ¼,һᱡõֽŴǾ𽥸ֽˡ
ԭҪױ,ɽһֻҪһܾܴ,ڰϡ
΢һС,ܲٻǶǲ¼һ
ǲֽ,Щƣī֭ëʱ΢΢οһīˮ,뵽һЩģģսƺûʲôϵ¡
˵Ǹ˵еݡ
ս£ֽ,¶˶ʮѧ,ԭʿ˽ȥ,˵ɶĹҲ,Ҫȥξ䣬ѧʡ
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ȷɫŻ,,ʷҲ϶š
½Ҳ,Ҳգǲµġ
ȻʦӴ¬ֲȴδ˵дʲô¡
½͸ˣдȷԼ֣ŶҪķʦྫ
Ǿʿ֮͵ģ
ΪһԼҶزסĿľ

ܲٺȻԼĳ˼лعӦһЩػصؿ
ݱΣ
һ¡
Щƺǡ
̧ܲͷһۣʿ䣿
û˲Ｄ˵ݱʿʵһֱȽϿ˵
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ɢļ󵽴ܼ˵ǲٱԼף˵𴲡ԷоӾٵĺ
˵սʱԸǰ
˵ӪʱȥӸׯ
ǽӹׯǻһѻ𣬽յøɾҲЩģЩߵ˺ͺӣǲȥ׷ԵȵϨʱܿãȻ˻ͯڽڵĶǽ£ض˵һС
ܲǵģӦʱòĵطΪѾеĿء˾ΪҪþȥǡ
ûִо
Щڣ׳˶ݱĿ׺ݵضǣƽǣһáǲģԭӦ÷Ķ̵
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½Ҳݾ˵ľͼÿݣµݾȴĹΪ
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ܲٺȻǸξһΣҪһٸ
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ڹٶɣԼֻǧʿҪռһǰվȺΧܲ٣ٽϻغӱ
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ЩӪկҪǲѵģκһѡ
û취ڲʿǰ²Ӫկ
ЩӪկļݱǺӱԼ˽ͳǵĽʲôĶУռ͵ģսģϵģģԬеֵֶ㷭һļҵףǶϹ½ۡ
ֲ˽ĻǽȡĺܲǻϣЭͬս͸ˣǲѾѾѺ޲ôЦ
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ЩҲԹ𣿡
ܲǮ䣬ѵЩ񹩸Ǹ˼ʵЩݾѵǵĸֶӻĲѵϣ
ͷ
ȷǹġ
оһ£СǸߵһʱ֪ô˵ȥˡ
һɻ󡣡˵
Се㲻Ȼкμ̣
ЩܲǮ񣬡ʣȥǮʱǿԾܾ𣿡
½Ӫկ濪һЩݷũ
ʳѾˣЩݻˡݿˡ߲֮ܲˡǺ䣬Щ߲˳úܿ죬һ¾ܲժ
ǽʵΪڻˣ˵Ϊڻˡ
Ѿˡ
ﵽǵˣ񣬾Ĵׯͻᱻݻ١
ȻҲһЩСܼǿͦЩؿBOSSʱǾΪˡ
ǳŲֶΣǱؿļݱӪ
ЩݾûʲôýġʵҲκǵʿҲҪԷҲҪ£ҲҪʱ͹һԼʲô˵ĲƲŮǵأ
ǳܺ˵ϻķ֮⣬˾Ϳʼӣȥ졤ݾݣˮӪկӲȥģǾͶ½ˡ
С½߽ڻ˽ӹĴׯʱһƬƬĲЩȻյڣȴû֣˻ܱһܷĶǽˣЩ˴ӵͰĲЩţʮֹسӭ
ʾȦСǰСóһֽɤӡ
֪ˮ󴦾ʳػͼ֪Ϥ￰ʳﲻʳ
Щͼ֮ǸѾСִ֮ȡһӡ
УʱǺϷ֮ʱˮй塪˵ڶȽļգÿˣ


443 
дƬˮ,ʱʱ
ϵˮ««һ㴿,ʤϦµĲҡҷؼƺ⡣
ʱˮţʿ϶,ƣˮ,ܵЩó涣ҧţҲܵʪţͣ˲,ͣ˱
½ܲϲˮ,Ǵսֵζ˵Ǹ鷳
ʱоٶȣƬֲﶼΪḻĴͳܹĵĿ꣬ŹţܷйĴҲĺô
ͺֻҪ֯,ܲܶϺ,ͯ,ֻҪϪƿһʯͷҲмֻʧз׼ܡ
ЩʳõҰ˺Ұ֮,಻ʺȴʺ೦θֲ,Ƕ＾ڽ˳Ĺʵ,ˮԡ
ÿ峿Ӫ˴һ֮,ڵ˳Ⱥӵرˮ߶ȥ
ǲһùʳ,еĸ˻ƭԼĺ,˵嵭ʳʺǽһЩĵĹŻǣ˵һӺ̰ԣÿ쳳ҪԶĸ簮ԼĶƤűˣѪһأЩԽȥĶҲһء
ˮٳˣǸ˿ԺܵĽԼǿĽˣٵݸһպõˮҪһߡ
ҪȥԣŮҲţҲ֧棬Լ֯Ŀ𣬳ȥռҰҰҲҪµظɻٿѳһС˵سһѱԸЩ«έԱõĶڷӣȫҶ˯ϯӣȻҲɸֹƷȥͱ˻Щס
Żһ㲻׳긾ˣǼе̣ҲϹϵĹУ׳ź󣬴һһһ죬һ߶ǼĺͯǣҪʵһ㡣
ڱЩͯԴһĺӣƺͱͥײĳԱҪŶӣҪĴȥʰɲͬʱⲻ˰
ǺӵҲкܻǵ֣Ĵͬʱ㶫ԼӣڸϪֻзڻϿһҲпǶɲȥӪʰʿõĿǶϱ˼ҵĲ˵أ͵͵ժδɵСҶ
͵ƽʱܻôأÿÿĲ˵ض˶ţһ֣ͳһɹĴ¡
ǵȵϦ£׳ͶŻٵʳĻصׯʱܿĳλĸƿڴ˺ѷΣҪŻһѪ
ڳ˶е꣬ڿǴˣҲˡ
һΪҸʱ̡
һȵĴǷݿȥӪоٻҿˣ
ڶȵȥЩʿ˴һԼҵ۳ȥԣһЩǭ׵ãԵҪʱпܻʳģ
ȵĶȥִ̼һѹۣڸ˵СϷܹҲὫЩѪܵĶɲ˻ٰӵʳ
Щģ㲻ҲȥĶŻճںǵǰǿǳߴС㣬һЩۿ޵Ĺ㣬ǳֻţŵеĶĳЩ类ͶʣһĶǲġ
ֻҪһˮտӽȥٽϴҰҲӽȥܺûôӣٹ׳Ǿ͸ѽ
ǾΧڵȴţţֱÿ˷ֵһ룬ټһС˴ӵζس
ԵģǸª¯һᰲ棬ĵط˯
żʱǾ͵ñȻÿʱܵС»ǱųཨӸˡ
Ϩ˻ˢ˹ЩļҵպúһҲͿԽˡ
ƾɵϯϣͷ˵ܿһǹ⣬һҹͻ˷Ѱ϶Ȼţ˴֮䰤ýģǲòֺ䡣
ĸձϯʱǲҪˣﶥžϯӻ˰ɡ
ֹһԵĸһ¡
˵ףҲǰ㣬ֹܲ˵ĻϲǺҪ۵ðĸ֯ϯԣ
˺ίֲ֪˵Щʲôû취ǻ˼ԭԻһֱֵֻأȥΪˮˮ˵һί¡
е䣬䳡
ĸھԲȰϱʱССȻ
ǶӴȻϱҲԱߴ
ĸȻǺ߶䣬Ҳݴա
ҶƣˣݵıԹ֮󣬶ʵ۵
ׯˣÿһҹ֮󶼼Ȳƻֲֻ˷
кӰˮĳˡ
¹⣬èűһһӽưܵĴׯ
ǵ۾ĵ׻𣬷ɭĹ⣬Զ˿ֻǲǻ̶Ĺ
һǽü٣޷ڸǵĺ
һĴׯǰܹ̰ʡ
Ǵׯ˳ԵĲҰݣǵӣʳ
ڰԶԶȥȻͯڴΧȥ
ϸͯȻ̫£ı˽ȥ
ĵٽׯٲһٲǿñչѿĴ𽥱ɼʱЩӰȻֱסˡ
ڴׯŻ߹
Щڵǭ׽ȻͬЩ˻ѵ˴Ҳ˲ȻԵʮķװӰʱӰӾܿüɱļ
ǵ˳
½Ӫկľ룬ܽ
ЩӰ⴦ׯʱûѲҹݾġ
ӪѲҹҲͰˣΪʲôѲҹ
˼һʱóٶۣǵʱЩݾǲһ㷴Ӧٶ۵ġ
ˣ
мٵĽŲ
һܿһȺ
Щ׳Ρ׷ˣ
ڻͬһ㡪ǱضĶ
Ӱ
˴ˣǾ̵̽ͷȥ
Ҳ˺رأˣȥˣһϴǸԶһ˷棻
Ȼʵ̫ˣ֪ҹ﷢ʲôһ˯
ã۾˴̣и˵˵ƺڽЩʲô˲õ£ͷԻûȫѹȻҲûʲôҪ
Ǻһ졣
ûʲôͬ


444 
˵ӹú,ÿһ춼͵زԴ棬ɼҰҰͬʱԼأ߲˳ӡ
ʳûе,Ǹովһ,ЩʳѾͬıӴ,ǻÿֻųԼ
ǻʱֲܻʳ￪ƶǣɹ
漰һ⣺ɹɶҪε,ôأ
½Щݵĺ̿˶,ЩҲæˮ·Ļ,ƿıݼȺҪʱ,ôߡ
еĻʳ嵭ˡֹһʿԹǳԵķʳûûζģҪ֪ǵٰ졤ˣ,뺣Զ,Աůܲף˻̳ӵģڳڷεĲ,پԹ
½Ҳںȸʿһ,ͷǺܹ,һʣ˵ǵȹǷŽ,Եþͺɡ϶ûе,ϾǴ,ֻˮϵѾȫ̵ֻһ˿ˡ
ϸϸؿУżǺͽҧ
ССľսԱ߿
ƽʱǺܺƵģŹѵϴɱ⣬ɽʲôβݣХ
΢΢ۣյļ⣬Ȼų˾⣡֮ѿľǹͷѵ
ıָֻ˺ƽ۾Ŀǰƺ˭Ҳ﷢˿ıĵŰˮȹǣĹͷɭɭģѪɫ
ԹͷˮƽֱǱȹӻҪ
Ա߾ηˡ
ͷѳԼˡ
½ȫעĽţֹĹͷӻƿǻͬʱҲڸֲôζˢˢڸС
ĻʳѪѹǳƣ嵭̶ȾܻѪҽһ佱
ʿ˵ԲξͻûǺʵģҪҪĲ
͵ԽԽˣĶûм٣Ƶһ䳤Ȼе
ԭҲܼ򵥣Ӫկ޵ԽԽ࣬ѾӰ쵽˴ӹٶɵĵ·
ض͵ʿر࣬ĵҲӦʼαʮʳ·ϳԵŷ£ʷʵʵڷġ
ɳ㹻ıͣǾָ˭ˡ
ʱû뵽ʡƽЩӪկİ취
ȻҲûڵ˺󷽸Ԭ£˳½ųȵȡ
Ϣ£֪ʲô״ԵʲôĵˣȻҲû취´ʲô
Ȼ˴ҴҵĽŲ
е飡
Ǹͷһ£飿
ϴʮ⣡ݾ򣡡
еһھӪըˡ
ʿˮߣһϴһ𼴽ⳡս
ƽͬЩƽũˣҲΧԵЧǺܵ͵ġ
ʿǶô໥ϣлв֣ǿˮ߳ʮȥԴ棬ЧȻͬն
Щʳʿ͵õϢע̾ʹѪܵĵùҰѼƿˡ
ˣǧ˰
ʤս𣿡˳Цһ¸ʲôȥŮӪɺã
ƾҲȥŮӪЩεεĸ˿ǹ˷ǵģҲƾȥˣñϳ
һȺ˹Ц
½㶢Լɳ̣˳˼
Թĵʤ¿Է֣һǲԴ̵ģһǶԴ̵ġ
ǰǰߺܶ࣬ĵǽͶʼˡ
˵ܲٵݾ˵Ԭܵļݾ
ڶڻʱЩʱָоԡЩ˴ҲõСı䣬˵䣬ʿ䣻Ԭܵıǻ̽侲ͼѰҵ
ͬܲٴ˼̺½㾡ܶλʷĴʫ˵ƷûʲôøУǺŵùģӲܴռʲôˡ
ʵϲܲپôˣʾ֭ӮһΣҲҪǲƤ
һδδܸ·ֺѾƵˣĶҲооú͸ҿʼһЩԵֶˡǸؿӪկͺԣǲսҪòʳķʽˡ
ֶκЧĲܵ谭ضǿóġ
ˣȻַʽͿԽܲΪʲôҪݱҰսأ
ѵ֪ǸϵҰߣѵ֪ӲȪһ֧ʮ˵Ķ鿪ʼҰ̾û
Ҳˡ
ǵջԶһ㣬ɵĸ˱㻻һʽþŷҰ˼һֵЩӣٵһζȻҪܶһξ͸ѽ
سԷʱСŽƬׯ
еоջˣǳغǽʰöʮ
ЩԷŴˡ
ıڵϣȥһҲææ
СӺȻȻĸ״ֱƨϴһƣŲҷˡ
һƬУиͷ׵ĺվˣǺδĵо
ܲٴĵоСܲͷŽ߿ˣʰ͸Ͻʰ
ЩڵķʳȻˡ
ǻǵôڴڵسţĲɵسţһ߳ţһߵжٶǿԴߵģϯҪߣСҶ԰ˣһ߳ţһ˵֪һ˭ʤǲǴˣǾܻؼң
Ҳ˺֮󣬽Ӵ˻޶Ŀ̤߳˴ׯ
ǸֵֻأԵĺߵ½ݾӪկǰʱΨһһˡ
Ѿмʮڵˣмˡ
˱չĵϣǲҲΪǼ¡ġ
СֹʱԴԴϵˡ
̫ûɽӪǰİմӼʮ˼٣׳
һڣһĳಲš
˵С½оӪǰʱһʱ˭Ҳ˵
λµС½й˵ƣ˭ֱ۾أ˭ǰ˵һ仰أ
߻Ƶʮױף׳˶뺷ǲʿģǲ䵱ʿأ
Ǻܺؿˣλʲô𣿡
ЩɳƣǵĶ
ΪЩһʱȴسĬţ˭ҲϿһ
иʿ̲סˡ
ǻأµоæȴصһ棡Ĳڣ
ǵĵо𣿡˵ˣҪģ˲ǡ
˵ٶĵоҲ˲ǣֻҲսҪʱ˵ǵߺ桭
½Ļû˵ꡣ
һλ˵ĻǼ䲻ʵģһλһλŮ
ǸѾȥʲôˣԼ˸Լ֮󣬾ͽ߾ȫ˻һѻ˵ˡ
С˲ˣСҲԵСһѱаɣ
Ҳԣ


ȻһȺȺбŷмʮϸĸ쳹̫ҪɽӪǰ
С½ƺסˡ


445 
ԥ߱ʣı֮,ֻʣؾ
ʵܲȫΪʹ̾ƽԭԬ̷,ҲǴ򲻹ġ
ǰο,ʹԥ,ʥڣȻٲ˱Σ,Ǵһ,ȥԮ
˵ʱֱͦһЩ,Ҳº͵΢Ц˿,ֽ
ڻǺܻɵֿһۣǿ˫΢΢۾桭Ҳ΢΢ɫ۴
λݴʷĿͣϵʱ,λ̫صЦݾͽˡ
ľٹ
ĴʵǺ԰ο,ǷԷθ
һһС,ǻϰ¶ɫľͷӡ
´,Ƿθ,Ҳſ̸֮
˵,ͣͣŲڵĿ,˽ҼҶ֮ԡ
ڵ˵ͷ,û,Ҳû׷ȥ
Ǻܺµġ
ԥ»̰ͼ󣬶ֻΪ˼ֶֶŮİΣ
ľټ̫أҲΪ̫֮λǴ˱˼
ԬսݴԬ̷в£С½ֽȫˣÿֿʼʳ֪ζ޲ذһҪͻ
֮꣬ûʮ常ҲǸӣ
Լƴһ֪׼ʹؿλƳǡ˭򲻹ȻҲˣ˭ӳǽȥ
ݸ˴꣬æʱľһһ׳ҵ常
λѾ˳ߵ걻常֣Ĩᣬһ佻£Ҫ˯𣬶鲻Ҫ̫ȢҲҪԷòͼҾҪ࿴ƷУ¿ȥѰС½ǵðѳϰ߸ĸģԼһҪ˵󻰣ʱ֮ȵȡ
ɵͷ常˵һ䣬һ䣬ֱ常˵ˣС̧ͷ
常ʹӭʥؾԬ̷Ԯˣ常α˵أ
ʹǿսι˵ǣ
Цеأ常гԼֱ֣ģ常С½Դԥʹټ̫أι㿴Լ
ĵĻڻûбο
ͬһʿˣսһϲͨ´Ҳֻģĸ
ֻƾ¸УѰ˼ٳʱȥҲôġ
ڶĳǳرȽϰ˴ֻˤȣǱԥӸ߼ӺӺľ׮֮ȥûʲôһ
Ҳҹҹļ尾֮Уݶּ尾֮С
ԶûкϢ
С½ʤ̣С½ִʤ̣С½ʱڻݾ۽Ǳˣ
Aʤ̣ؽʤ̣ݾˣҲǱˣ
Ϣܰʿġ
ÿνݱֻչգҪһ䣬Ǻʱ
ʵþˣıԹˡ
С½ݵĽأôԶе佫Ͷɣǻ̻̲⿰ȷиվ
ֻھ˵ﰵΡ
öˣƤҲһ㣬Ǹ˵̿ʺͿƵģƫƫװŵ
ҪС½ôλʹ
˯Ӥһ
λǧʯĹپôţలοʱȻ۵ײײܽˣ

ڡ飡һ´ϯϱˣ
Ԭ̷Ȼ𣿣ʵ
µ۵ɴֵۣؿǿϾ͸ˡ
ȥǽ˵ָ꣬ı⣬Ҫԡ£
Ԭ̷Ǹµܹɶ飡
ǡ飡һҲˣ
ںҴææ븮ʱ۶ܳˡ
ű߾ΧһȦԴǽͷҲ˰⿴
Ͼںһʿѧʶ̸ȣ޲֮ͣԼҲעǱУ̫أÿǼС½ʱĴģ
λʹǻŻľҲһ·ܳȥģϳʱͷģҲһǣǾȻȻһطԸϽ̡
ͯվ·ߣƣŵöԼߵС÷ʹʹӳˣ
ԵС÷ݺݵкŶһ£˵ʲôû˼ҽλʿλʹȥӭӵģ
ʿʲôĸʿӺܸ𣿡
סС˺ܾãеԥ
ӦǺܸ߰ɣ
λʿӺ׼ĵػصԼڱصļʱӭľһ̡
ụ̂ҲûйĴеֻһ֧ƺƵĶӾǶͷλʹԡ£˵¹ڲģľ˳Ҳ۵ִӳĿİؾͱλʿߡ
ģûʿã۾ǺǵЦ
ں¹ڲǱϾȾɫϸֱգŽбϥԽһ֪λˣʮĸʿȴȫһò
ͷֻһͷһ£Σصþ亮ӣټƤڣ͸ƲϷʿˡ
һòĸߴа˳ߣüëԶɽףվǰʱһͷ
ȻڲΪĺò񱼳ǵġ
½㵱ǧ˳ʱǲ⣬ΪǧǵһΪʵ̬Ѹ£ǺҪʿ
Ͼûô󣬵´ȥҲȷʵвʿ;ǣҪıһְλǹѧʣԼǸƷѧʿһֻô׬ġ
ǧǣ϶֮һ
ʱͺ뻪ԭһΪ´ңʮǰΪ˱ܻشӱ̣˴ȥɶ
ʱʿҲȥɶܻ˵˾ɶ̫عȵıһְλҲһĹòֻйȲˣҲ׬ǮɽУһʳԳԣһ̸ǭ׶ʶ֣ǺĻ
λʿԽԽ̫Ҫ˵ԬҲʹʼûкģʼղˣҲʼղ뿪סɽȣűѧ󣬵ǰԼĶɻѧ㶫˳㳭˻ȥ
ڴڼ䣬дţɹʹߣдţɹʹߣԥддĲͦǸ½ҲڴҵĿ㷲ʣǿдһţȰ
ûɶãλ˵Ͳ
ڹͻȻˣ;˵°͡
Ҫ֪뿪ΪսңԭһݱսҶֻбǰӱ׼Լֶʱ·ˣ˭ʱ򷵻ݣ
Ͳ˻ɹǲǱӳٵϢˡ
λŲµʿһҲûлңƽõ΢ЦţҲ顣
³ʱѹգ¹Уδ뾪λЦʵ
ʿ﷢˽
˾ηطˡ
ܹѧʱĪǡ
ĿתǸˣϵЦݾ͸ˡ
·飬˵ġ


446 
½ʳЩˡ
ԭǿ֧һµ,һÿƵʱ䳤ЩҪֵʱҲͱ䳤ˡ
ԴԴϵ˹ͶھӪؽׯ,ûʳģȫӪоȼ,ʳĵٶȾ͸ˡ
Դԥ,ǳԷС½ڿʼ˳Է⡣
ÿճɳȥ̽ЩСݵ·,һ֮,ʣྫ˵Ⱦϡ
⿴Ǹʤܲص⡣
ʵǸʤֱӹҹ⡣
ٳ޷⣬ûа취ǰһҪ˻ںʹŵģ̫ʷصĹٶɴӪ
Ȼʱûܲٵݱ⻹ǲġ
½ǰЩҪξİգŵȴһ̣ͽôñҲǷ,ٰǽһɿ֯,ȻѰ٣Ҫ췢˫ʳͷæʱԸɣʱϡµĴͳûˡ
ʱȻ˽ˡ
,ټһֱڴ,һֱڱòͣҪĳԷ,ӪＸ˶һСȦûݡ
ƽͲ극˳һСȦͲ϶දһ,м֮,ɻҪŸɣҪŶһ·ԭ򡪡ǳСĵظڣڽһܴ½´ҶҪʱ裬ʿĴȻһȳƣƤйģ
½㿴е㷢ߺ֪ʲôٺ١һЦ
˽µǷ»֮⣬·ֱʱһݲ
Ȼ򣬡㶼ˡ
˾ֻܲսԣ˴Ķֻ࣬żһЩ
÷ǳûѡ
ҲȥԶʳΪʲôûҭ֮ˣٴ˺θɣ
˾̧̧ܲع˹֣Ϊݶ
һ
ǵţûʲôЬӾȥץסСҡһҡʡٴкơи֮ߡ֮Ŀ
˾ܲҲŵһȵе㲻̫⣬ƵƵʾ
˴˼žһܽ
Ӫмλʿ೵Գǡ
һλȻ
ٴ˰ɣ
˾ܲûװŪ̹ͦϣΪңΪ
ݾԶ϶Щ϶
еߵĸоͺܲ
˴⣬ֻмˣֿģ߹ڲʿˣΪ׵ӣݣٳ򣴨ˣҲּſķܹһڵĴ˼ңڻһλֳڹкںСʵд
ϵЩˣҲûɶ顣
Ķϵˡ
ǰѾͣӪſڣĻѵ·ϣŬ
һװʮʯʳһʯʮһʮ
һʿоʱһҪҲ1.4Lʳе࣬ǵʱˮ٣ȫ̼ˮάֵһŵ˶ģͲǺܶˡ
Ϊ׵λʿ˻٩٩̸
Ƚһʱٽһһ˺͡
ӻʧƽⱿʼ׿棬ǨٵȺ۲ٴؽЩ򣴨˵·̡
ʵûȥ١
һȻ䲻طʡ
µʳ𣿡
룬΢΢һЦ˵ͷ
ŸոսʹûϸһĹԼԼΪʲôˡ
׼˵ȥǰλŮȻӸոǸֹ״̬˳
ǰͶȿ˵ţҲ˵
׼ȷ˵ݸûôģͺǻһ£½͵ǰˡ
ſƽƽ棬е㲻̫ϲ¶һж飬Ҫ޲޵ģٶһ
ݵĻȫȥˡ
лץס֣Ҹλиô
½񽫾Ǹʲôˣ
Щ򣴨ھʱʹ⡣
һǸƷгڣ߽ˣȻôὫԼľøأ
ʿܺãʿȻ˲ӻԾӾǶ֪Ǹó·
ԶҲܿȻûʲôĻ˺ܿͣӲˣ
ǭ׾͸˵ˣ
˵ҲܼӣؽԼûκβõã
ƺ뼸佫ʿе㲻岻ĹϵϾҲûˣŮɵ²㲻ʲô¡
ҪǣӦ룬Ը˶ԵڻһӮˣ
Ǻףӭӣ
һսսʤƷи߽ͣվرԾǰ;ֱϹ۵
ʲôɲһ
ȻЩִƢʼʰ˸·ǿⲻ¶
ʰǿܲٱУֶθݣһȫҶôˣ˲ҲԹ𣿻½಻µĺǿңȫСŰĶԼԼģ˭½°
ȻȻ߻һϴԬܣʿ˿ͣһǸĳ½һɱ
Ӯ
ѹסӱЩʿ壬޼ɵعָƺϵؽŮ
д˵岻̫ãûִǸϸû˵ɶëԬȷ⼸սһܼȥöϡ
ȻԬҲûˢһ¡㽫½ĺøжȡ
֮ǰһһ£ͬλŮ򽻵ʲôҪע⡣
˵һ¡С˵ˡ
͵ܵ޷
½ϡЩʱա
ݺˣΪۣδˣڴ޿
Ǹ˵һջ
ٳ֪Ǹʲôô
ƷΨӣüһ½ˡ
Ҳ갷ƷУСĵ˵ֻ˵ԴǾֹ֮硭ʮ֡ʮ֡
˶Ȼˡ
ϾǸŮӣôһ䣬Ҳδؾǰ㽲²ӡ
˫֡
ƤƤ
ܸܵ˫ʮݵ̲˾޴
ǱϾһ˫ܳ־֮֮䣬Ϯ£׺һ֣
ȻһδŮɵ֣ôһҲû˼ɵץϡ
ݺεؿ½
ԷһҲû
ԼˣԼ½˵ĿλʿһʲôСâڱ
ʯףֵ۽ڡݽͰ͵˵ǣ¸иɡ


447 
½гֵĴӮⳡս,սϾսǵýսԱһ
ǳˣʿǻеԥ
ǰʳ,˿ԳʮʱЩƺһ
Ұ˱Ӷŵؿһˡ
Ҳû̱ʾͬ
ǿҰ˱Ӻüͷ,ǿ¶΢Ц֮Ƶʺǲβؿݡ
ǵĿƺֹﻹ,е̫⡣
ٳ,λڿ,˵,ǲʲôδ֮ԣ
Ҳһ̱ؿǿҰ˱ӵݱҭһ¡
״˾ܲͷǳ쳤ӹɫ
½Ͻһ,Խıȥ,
ֱ
չһЦ,Ҷô,ǲҵġ
ָϽһھơ
Ⱥʿ˼üŪ۵ԭʵͦ򵥵ġ
Ȼң϶ǵٵģ̼,ı,ĳЩʱҲֵ̼ļùһá
ԭϡãʳͺܱ,ǴôʳȻΪֱɰ,Ϊ,սպա
ǴҾе㲻,ȲộҲڴ֮첻ǵ飬١û˿϶ģһоڲУǿˣ
ҪǾ򣴨ҲͰˣ˵ҲϵʹǱߣôиԪֱ˵ϻ˵ʱ򣴨̫ãҶܺӿô˼ҲϢˣҲܽĹˣǿ½һ򣴨ˣ佫ݵľǲݵģʿҲֻݵĺݵġ¼Ҳȥôã˵Ǹ³ĺвǸɾȻҲŮۣ
ﾹȻһԳƺҺūˣ
ǻȥѰǸ˾ҵСɾΪ
ȺΤϱУ׼Ͷһλ˳Ͷһλδ󺺻ʵ۵򣴨ʿǾе㷲ܾλ·ƣܲһ˳ȥܲٵݾ
ȻٳͶԵǻɡǹɶĴǲˣʲôŮ֮´ҲںˡѽѮˣҪ˵½⼸Сһ½ǿˣѰһ򣴨£ǴҲһѺɾ
֮ˢˢĺøжȣۣἤŭԬܣܿһ·̵ôġĳȺȺоСҹҹޣд䡱Ҳ½ôʹʮ̣һҲأ
ίֱ׵ĻڻȻ
ٳھС
ݿɵ飬кȻһɲֱתͷȥӪΨһһ˽½ָԼʶʿ
˾ܲҲûͰȵתͷԼȻһЦ
λ򣴨ʿ͸ˡ
ⳡսʼú磬λʿѵø硣
컹ȫڵģӪѾ˶ˮͰŲЬڵߣ˿Ÿɲÿһľ΢ҡΡ
߹һһӣСָǣﵹˮٲ
Զ¶һĨͥĹ⣬ڵĻʱѲҹʿӹڣ˽
ʿϳԵȻǹˮӲʳģв⡣Ҳʿһ룬͵ݵһڣоζе̡
ÿս֮ʱܵóЩʿͬλʿ˿һ䣬Щ̵Ĳ
ݵлֺһڡ
һڱ滹һС
СӦŬģйȻ޷ⱻˣҲǺЭؽԼչ¶λʳǰһ˲θȫޡ
һǻۡ
Ͼ̫ûȫ𣬹߲ãʿһԴġ
ʿֻϲõض˳ȥȹе㻳ⲻǻۣʿǻۡ
˻ͦƻģһ룬Ͷ֧ݾˡ
ȺͶ˶ⳡսеţ½ʲôҲûо
ԭͦ򵥵ģΣҳ򱨸ݾо·ߺⳡսǰˡ
֮ûпٱȥΧܲ٣ԭݣҲݶˮԵʡ
·Զм·һ£䣬ˮûндó棬ߣҪôأ
ЩʿҲʼӣտʼ࣬ԽٽĿĵʱǵʿͻԽ䡣
ҹ½񽫾ࡣ
š
ÿγô
⵹Ҳδء
תͷһ˾ܲ
һɽ֮󣬳۵«έ֮⣬ʲôҲżмֻС
Ǹںϣһƽ۷ſգһׯεϵģ
ݵĿͶǺܿзӦˡ
ٳģ˵ܲٵݾ½ݾͬ
βͬ
˾ܲ⣬һ롣
С½ڵصġ
ϵ³ͱݣ᲻֪
˾ܲЦеأҲûз̾ʶһǳԵ⡣
Ǵ󿤣ΪӵķˮƬֳĵ̣˭ܼǵסӵĵƣ
λʿں죬½ɽվţ˼ʮ⣬ֶֻ࣬ܿһԶԶıӰ
ԭҲȥλͳ˧ж̫ǿɽܵǱɽ£һأλƱܵʿͷˣתԴûط˾ܲΪ顣
˾ܲúȣһ۶μĲ衣
ξϣǱǴ¯ӣҲ𣬡ź˵˲£пڣһʱͺȲˡ
λʿе۵ؿһڵͷһڲʱһȻ˷
Ҳһ֧ݾ
ǸոմһŢ·߹˵մͣɼˮεӰȻǺܲ谭˼ǰеһ£Щ߳Ţ֮·ߵĲݴʼһһؽˮ⡣
оáЧ΢
иһľݺݵس±ӡ
޴ʿˣ޺޵صһۣǿǰߡ
Ǿǰϵر޴Щоʿϵǳ⣬Ҫؾͣ׷ԼĶ顣
һ·ǰʱЩ޴·ʿܵ·ˡ
ûдׯûп°ӵĶҲûо⣬ûиˣûǮֻ޾ݺó棬Լ֮ߡ
о·װˣܿȾ߲ҪߣˮϢ
·ûбˣֻǣžڷĹһ
̲סҪɣҲûлͬУ˵׼йġ
ںңԶ֮ǰǴʦĽڣǺģһ·ҪһĽʱЩײж̰ݱ͸ˡ
˵½ҲݱǴ˽Ҳˣ
˵һѰأ
ȥˣضҲС½ðɣ
½ıģһ֧о
ڣʿԣȦҲȻ˷Ľ̿ʼɢܣʱЩҲˡ
һ˫ꪱݺݵߵǰĽ˸ͷǲСģᣬ⣬ǹһڱ׼ĶĵģͷһӾͻˣ
ôݱƿڴݱ


448 
һ̴úʲ,ܼ򵥣ܶ˲ϣϾ½̫ೡʤˣһࡣ
սսɵսƷ,֧ݾѾɽˮ,ûݣܲͳʱõľһŵƱ
ʹӮ½,ҪηضǸ,ƺܲһֻΪ˦
нʿܿʶ֧ݾиģ鷳⡣
½ʿأ
ʮȥĻ,һ,һݵϸԴȻԣҲǿܶա
Ǽ겻֪ô,һһ,֣֣ߣǳԲֻԼţԼ,ʼԼĶŮԼӣԼ
ճ,͢ȴһҲû,Щ,Щ䱾˻࣬ţëһĿǮ
Щ˲ôһ£Ƶ֮£ط˰ղ۾ûǮʹ棬ֻ󺺵䣬ű࣬۳ۡ
ЩǮεĹԱȻΪ츣һٵģһҪǮɱջ
ǮѾѹιˣûˮեˣЩ͸ԼֵصСʿҲѣòܴѹȣö֮һһʿȴѰһ·
дʦʹˮԦڣֱΪԭ֮
Щ˸Žʱмʮ֮ڡ
ǸʲôĸأںܾԺڹ鸽֮ܲ󣬻ὲ
ɽҰˣɽҰĻѡ
ҲûУӪʱֻнϯ֧á
ǱҲеģϯҲûУ˯ʱԼϵĶľ֧ţһɹ˯СҲ˸ڷĵط
ʱȵģǸŴʦһ·ȥǵĶҲиˣҲˣҲкӡǹһǳأЩɵģǰӵĸŴһƥƥʱЩ˾ͻĵǲüƳȻǾһȥ˯ĵط
ȻǶЩݱʦܱʳܵôһһֲзԣô࣬ʳô٣Ҳ֣ܻǻᰤ
иȵ
ֻҪȥֻҪ󺺵Ķǣʳιÿһ˵ĶӣӴ֮ҲûѰϵˣҲû͵͵ӽֻͯҪŴ򿪣
Ǿţжô㣬ЩʳǣһӶ֪Բʲôζ˵廹ܳԵأ
Щ󲻽ǵ󣬻ǴʦʦϿɵġֻҪǰһǰһӡ⣬ܿҪˣ
󣬽
Ǹϱ̧Ű̺۵ƤĵƲƲ졣
Ȼǽ˵ģ⼸ʮ˲ٶӣʵ˶֡Ҳضӡ
ֻҪǵһЩˣһЩˣһ룬Ҫ
ôأǼʮݻƽȴһ·ɽϣ·ߣУʬ壬飬ҲߣѪֹɽȾ죬ֹȾ죬ֹȾ죬ͿĨϣҲΨһɫʡ
ǸϱʱеԳغٺЦһ
Ҳô˵ʵֻҵȫѪԿʲôǺġ
ҲŷһƺЦֿˡ
ļɽϵ˶ˣѪ˳ɽ¾ͻһССѪ̶ŨֳŹ⡣
ûнǰȥҪɽҰ﷭һĸĸֵܣ޺ӣֱܹʿӺ˫ֶȦǣһǣߣͣĿѰҡ
ͺܶһݣݰһµļҡ
ǵ㲻¼أʵҲǺȷΪҡǰļҺܲһǵǴȫ˼ҾģϯӴһǺѳ֮Ϊҵġ
Ҫд齣б죬¯㹻ף÷ϻܹһ⣬Ȧﻹһ
Ҫˡֹ
ܹǺܿشȥݣ෿ݣд齱죬йư裬ף󣬻иˡ
ܹĿƺȫЩֲ˻
ǿشߵĶڴߵģԸⱻǴߵģǿ㴦ã
Щ˻ᱻ°ӻݡᣬ˳ǿ׳ǲ֣ܻΪǵӣΪǲٳּŮ˳Ļᱻɱǿ׳Ļڸǻݵ·ϡҲͬǲġ
ǲǸĸΪǶµӣͬһ𳤴÷ǿųͷҰȻڼŮɡ
ЩûиַӣһҲںģΪ˱ɱˡ
Щǵĵ°ŵûеõǵЩƺ㲻ϡˡģΪǸ̡ҲԼ˰
ںǰһնɱʱѾɺҰ޲ĶܹǣǺҲֻǰҰ޵ķʽѱǶѡ
ǾججػţܹҲţǿʱǻӣоʱֻĴ°ӣǣڶడ˭ҲϧǣһǰɽķҲ̽ǻñˣҲˣ
֮½ЩݱЩиĸ޶ЩƯƯݱʲôʸ갷أ
½ǲǵ·̵ġ
սƷ٣ݺ٣ǶҪǺʵġ
Ⱥݱرѹ
ʿûʲôˣ˶ͷһ£˶˹֮һƨϵȷԣ
ǲܲԼݾôģݱǷ̬ȣͷͷ޺ɲ࣬ѵǲ̬ȣ
Ҳ鷳ģǻرģ˵ʳãôˤ뻹С£һȺֵҪ²Ӫʳͺ⡣
Ҫ֪ʱڻķ²½ҲûټģȺ˶ʵʵسԷ𴲰ŹȥݣȺ˺ȻݻʵҲû뵽ġ
Ҫӣеԥ
ȺսȷʵҲкԼʿоɵģɨսʱʿȥˣȻϳԼ嶫ͷСӵı֣Ǹڴ幫ҵ֣ϳ֮п޵ȭߵģò߶ֿʱȶ
һݱԼɵĲݱսͶе¡
ȺˣƽʱźԼս֮ٸӻڵؾе㲻̫ڡ
½㲻̫ں²£ץΧ۵򣴨˺ƽɵ˾ܲҪһȫЧЩݱȥ
ЩĻһʱȻ
̧ͷѯʣȴٳû˻ر
ֱԼȥױŻŵܻʱ½ŷֳˡ
һǧ˵ķ²Ӫդƿˣݱ˳ȥ
ҲûܺԶǳȺ˵̣ϼҴڸϽؼҵ˴ׯ


449 
Ϣʱ,½Щݱıܲɷ޺ˡ
ΪЩ˵ľۼƲϡׯֻǸڶϱڲԫ¼ѽӪѡ
,ӪǮ,򣴨ǼҲΧӪأһѡ񶼱ȥЩ˵սʢЩ
ȥܵõЩʲôأ
ű׷ȥݱ,ǸӪȻȷֵһġ
Щҵ׸ͬݱĶҲͬ
Щ峵ʳ,Щϯӡӡΰ,Щ,Щ⡣
õҲ˼,Ҳ߲԰
Ȼ񶼴Ů죬ҲĸףҲӣҲŮ
͸ֵһˡ
ݱ,ǵȷǸֵһĿ,Ҳûǹġ
ʱ,ѾȥӪʿԯźػصߣûж,ûףȻǳԲʸģ
ԲȥЩ򣴨
ĶЩ峤,Ҳǳصģ
Щ˰,ﻹ฾أ
½һǧױ,ϵׯʱ˻Żŵܡ
䣬ʿǴµġ
һƬУȴܳ׻ˡ
ڼУڰڵ˰ѪһضǽϣҲ
³˱ȵöᡣ
дѣǵľĿ׺ݵضƬ̺󣬱ԽԽʿǰ¶־顣
̫ø߸ߵģһжյʲôҲزסʲôҲ㲻ס
Щ׻˴յͬߣƺҲʲôͬսׯʵûʲôıУֻó̲һľ֦С߹Կ
ǵϴ飬ǵԴҲˡ
ģ˵ֻǺܾûԷˣǺܶԲЩԣ
ڿߣ˵ЩǵʿŰǣǣǻȥܳ
ֺã˵ֻҪĹǣǱضԸΪЧЧ
ϵЩʿͬΪ˵ꣻ
ȻҲƿڴͬΪˣȴҪΪЩ˶Ƕ֣
Ϊм׻ˣѰκܼװ߲Ҳ֪ҪȥѰͱ飬Ъ˹չʾ϶Եģһ
ǸˣⶫŲҲܺݺݵ赽
˾ܲ̾һ
ŭ
ûп
ݱܳˣҲܳˡ
ǵܵСӣˣٴˣƺԭǲڴׯģǶߣԶˮıͻȻܳġ
ˣŢظӦҲǰܳȥġ
ʣµģڴׯĸ˴ûֻܳͶǽļкͿ
һҲܳˡ
ݱȥץ⣬죬Ǹץٵʿ֪ôһ£ɿˡ
½㿴ǸŮ
һ·
ǡ
ЩѵˣִӱȡԼĹһҲ
̫콥Ųһ֣ȻλεأӰЩ
㲻ʲôս˾ܲ룬Щֱֳеݱв½ڳֿȭѵʤ
ǵЩɢӿ̻ᱻΧɱ
ҲҪֿҲᱻļʿɱ
˹ģĶֻһ
Ҳ˾Ȼ֧ѰԼʶˣغȣǸͬ硢ͬ塢֮ʱϣ֮˾ԥʹתͷȥǽķ
Ŀһϡ
ϡ氡˾ܲעǸϵӰɻˣǿǸٶ۵΢һĻû취ʿнĺˣȻֱ
˭ԥĿͶʱᱻĿ壡
ϣŹһȦȦΧŴׯУļעÿһҪһ·Ľ䣬ҲעÿһҪʿ
һȦȦţһȦȦɱĵˣֱƬսеƺʧˣֻﴫֹ乭
ǼģƿԽԽܣԽԽ죬˱ѩһȾ˸Ũصζ
˾ܲԭȰɱһӰ٣һ
ΪɱһӪĽ䣬ݽ֮У˵֮ǣҹҪ
½ǲɱģЩйʾɵĽ䡪˶ô룬˾ܲҲˡ
Щ仩䣬ǱֻǧôǸ鷳
¶ʱƺͱһˣǲô˵һ֡
Ǹ乭˾ܲŭҲ
ĵǸһʧˡ
̫бһ㡣
ʿԻӪˣʣһЩҪ
С½˵ЩԸæɨƲսսÿ˸˰ӵס
һҲ񣬵ȻЩ̻̲İյעѸٵæµ˺ͺʰҵ˺ŮվٵҪȥڿʬ塣
ϻѪϻϣкЩԭ̵̻Ҳ˷ԸģڼҸ˽һ·ȥǼƣ
ǾЩұȷʹ༫˵ġɻͷʳǿʳ
ʲôȻȥҪ
ڴһƬǽսɫʱǵȷҲһᣬһ׷һݺݽġ
½űصӪʱʿѣӪյõƻͨ
Щֵģв˵ҪǲߵһǾͲΪЧĽڿʱһ˲䶼ʧȥ
ʿһſͷ­Ӫľ׮ϡ
ǧͷ­飬ÿһŶڻǣֶ̿
½ΪһҪըӪġ
ѾըӪ׼ҲԤϣ͵Щݱһһ糱ˮһײդʱʡشǡ
ԼҲûô˯ҹĵȥ۲һǡ
ܳϡ
ЩʣµĽǳ־壬ûбֵ÷ǳ񣬸ûա
ûǼʮһġ
ڿޣƲ֣Сʲô
˺Ȼ˼磬˼һȺݱ
ôмҿɻأôڼأ
ǣǣʹʲô˶ûˣʹȺҲ㲻ǸˣǻؼҰ
Ҳûʲôô꣬ʲôûǸݱ˵Ҫڼͺ˰


450 
ҹ,ʱʱѲߵʿ߹
ӵߣмŻѣڶ
ߵ,ֵĿ͸
ֻҪǻнĽŲԶصЩݱ̱͡
Ƿ²,ҹ֮ǲ߶,ֻҪ߶ͻᱻɱ
ҲĳһӪĳʿǲаģֻ˯ЩˣҪȥ֣ҲҪѰڶӵʿ˵˵,ɢɢģҲ޷ųĻ,ǳҹɫ,͵͵,ӪҪ¡
ʵѾɹһ룬͵ܳȥʱСĵضӰ,,ȵѲߵʿѾǰ߹ȥ,ȴûע⵽ʱ,СУҪϻԼȥ
ͿҪǸ÷ǳʵڴʱ,һ֧ʸ͸ĺ󱳡
Ӫ˴󳳴Ǿ𣿲Ǳʱؾ,ҹм飬뱨Ѳ߱ʿ֪,ֻ,˭Ҳҹ˽ε,Υɱ
½ǽǧͷ­ʱֹѲһΣٶ˵ֻҪָ֣һָЩѪܵͷݱͱסˡ
ǲͬġ
ĴңֻɱӺ
ѾλˣǲѰˣվҪ̣ǳȥף˳Ӽʲôأ
ѰһӪĴֻΪҪԺʵʵˡ
Ҳֵ̿úܣֻ½ɱһӪĽ䣬ջ᲻ɱһӪҪûϣ¾Ҫɱˣ
Ŀ־Ҽ䣬ʲô
Ǹݱͬһӱŭžͳ˳ȥ
һҲڸʲôӦ͡
Ƭ̣ʹһʼӵһӪϡ
½ǮпǣȻװװӣǵôѣ
ֻпȴ벻ʲô
ʸ׼ɽⶫǹ󣬺ҲãҲܵʸܳȥ۸ߺҹɫӳӪկ
ǸϱǸȥʿصֵܣԭͼƻһ£˭֪ģѪԵģ½Ȼ̱
Щ˲õ뷨
Щվĵطһһεһ֧һ֧ʸͣҲͣ
˸϶ĵ⿴
һȺݱĬЩʬ壬ǵĽŲһһɵѪʮ߻ھεʬӿʪ·
ҲûиߺµĽ䣬˶ס۾ôģ۾ᣬǰһĻ
ЩϵĿҲĬˣǵǺǶںҹˡ
֪ǻڡ
Ϊͷϣʸ
ӪҲзվûбɴģĻ䡣
ڶ˵ʱɶʾӦøԥдһлš
ǧȥĽ䣬ʵǺΣյ£СΧڽ⣬Ƕ˿صʿѣԼЩ
Ȼ󣬵úе
ԥȻĴǮεúмֵ
Ǵ仹ĵأ˵ڶ̫
峿ϡƽϣ޶˾͸еʮְġ
ݱŶӣ룬һ׵صǵÿ˷ܲ
˲ٰӣ죬Ҫؽ
ܲѾ˲֪꣬һѳԵĹζùƵġ
ϸһǾƷ˳ǲù˺ߴɹΣΣ߲Ҫ˲źù˱취ȥι͵ЩΡ
Щ£رϤ
ζǶϤ
ĸ«ʺݼȷʵζֻһ˵ַߵҲô磬ҲζΪܵͰֳǲ׸ɡ
ǳҲ·ʱʮ꣬ĸҪһӡ
ʵһѾˣҲԲȻôͶƽأ
ֻ۾ֱһߺ࣬һ߶߶ʲô
ţˡ
½߽սӪʱЩԹֱϻʿ̰ŷ϶ʼӲӿ
ǻηηġ
֮ǰÿʱҲηηġ
η͡͸¡֮һҲͻ
һе㲻һ
ǿήңЩƺ޹һȦġ
ڼǺսһЩֲҡ
ʲô˵𣿡
ߵһǰŷ϶ʱЩʿ̿ʼ˺һ׳һվ˳
½㾿ҪɱǣҪǣ˵һʹ컰ɲɣ
ǲ죬ֻҪΥҵľͣҲɱǡ
ʿֿʼ˽
Ǹ׳ƺǵֹЩʲô֮˵ˡ
ɱһӪˣΪΪЩˣ
šͷ
׳㶵ؿһЩȵҪǣҪԺ㣬ͣҲǲ
û˵Ҫǡ½Ļ
ŴЩľһݱװһСĵǺǾһνͷӶ˴ŵӣԽǸľ׳ֳˡ
㲻ɱǣҲǣǳʳ
½һֱһģͷôʣͺȻ˵ˣҪǡ
ߣĴӣΪΪˣǻʲô
һӶˣ죬Ųӣ۾ֱؿǺȻɵһ
ǵ촽£ţ˵
Сݡ˺ȻС˵
СˡСʱĸǲˣС˻һֵܡ
ǰڽ⡭ߡҲˡ
Щʿڿʼ˵ˣ߶µģǺᣬǴһجֲʵξһ㱡
ʿҲȿֺʲôӷңֻ֣̿У֮ǰվǲһˡ
ûʹǣȻһ䣬ȻǾˡ
°ͣװʮְӸµǡ
ǻ磬Ϊ
С˻ֵأС˻Щǳľ
ңǸģˮرãһԾ֪Ҳѣ
ҷ˽ΡٲˣһɹΣҲֵأ
С˻ֵأС˻棡С˻ɹΣС˻ľ

˵ȻˣСʲôᣬҲֲá
ǲȻΪ˺
СֻҲˡ


451 
Щ²Ĵ,ͬ˸˲ͬĿ
ݺֶֻܽΣҲʵĳ,ûиһ顣
΢ذʾһ¡
˦ЩԷǴҡǲܵģҺǿ߼ʮ,ɵݽǧˡ
ȻЩݱҪʳ,ҪɲܵģǮǲ̫ܵģڶ붬,׽ʱ,Ҫܶȥǧ,ʣµľͺðˡ
Щݱ,ҲܲµһžԳӣһ·ϼ뱤ū
мʮķ˿,Щׯ԰뱤Ǽǿһֱ޵
ǵ˿ܱΪʿ,ټֱʿ,ܻϽи,һ壬Ϊ,ûʷʶҲӵ￴,ǿŶ,°,ȱһ䡰үġ
ⲻͻصԭȥ
ЩݱΪʲôƽģ
ɵЩĿ,˵ЩݱɲᣬǴ̹۲һ£õ£õȥһѶѵӪկͨص·ˣЩʳ
ƺе̣üͷ壬ûзԣʱһ޸
ҪЩݱȥ̣ԣԸȥΪԮ֣ҪײĸĺӱԬԼļݾҪҲһǵ
ͷǳǳʥʿһѡ
һȦҪϸ롣
˾ܲɢʱˢµģ۶˸̣ؾطǰ˧ʱ˶ˡ
βԶʳˣʣ˵Щ£Ӫ٣𣿡
˾ֻܲ֮ԣϣ˽ݱܡ
һһ⣬˸ֵϣ̰ɫ˴о£ڡ
гһƬƬͼģžͺ㡣
˾ܲǵǳ˽ܾҪ˵ʲô޵Ļ
Ȼվ磬˾ܲˣ
ռɨƽңΪβԸնݳأ
ӪĽֲѣɱ
ģ˾ܲúܶǶѡ
ѡ
һƬ⣬ܽ
ˮʱҪˮͰװһʱ˳ֺ֮󷴸ɱŵˬࡣ
Ȼ;Ͳ飬Ҳˬˡ
Ѿ˾ܲ˵Щʲô
ֻҪģһӪѱΪȫɡ
թӣ죿
ʹ뽫ãдǡ
Ҳ£ݱĿɱڣʵԺָΪս
зⴵض˶ӰӾ˾ܲϡ
Щʧ΢Ц
´Գϣȴڡ
Ĭһʼغ
Ҳ֪ôģȽ˸һĶŨ㣬ӱӵһ
ȫעغ˾ܲĬĬעе㲻һԹԵ˵ȥˡ
´Ӳ֧ʤܣֻҪ˧ġ
ֻһȺ³˧ҪǱҪҲͻجج
ΪߣƻͰˡ
Խ֮ţݺʮδһܣʿͷʤɱأ
ǧˣȴ䣬սʵ̼ʳԡ
Ѿ콫ˣ˾ܲĻҲҪˡ
󰡡
һθܿˡ
ǼӪĽ䲻ѣұ㲻ɱ
˾ܲǰһȥˣԴΪ߶һԳ˵ǳѵĽǶתһȦ
ǹʱȴδسн֮飬¿뽫ΪΪܣ
磬ûǺҪҪǵ⣬ͲԾصطһ䡣
ٴ£֣쵽ôˣ
˾ܲգգۡ
ĵصһȡ
һ侲ܵǺϺȻֳһЩߵ顣
ѵմ˽
һ뽵йص⣬Թ鵽
Ҳ˵½гʳôȺ˻ݣҪ뼮ϼӿ£⼸أٿĻһԼأصʵʲô¡
ʷȺݱڲܡ뿪ܣϼȥҲеġɥĲ׼һ·ߵ׵ĵֻҪսĻȢֵЩ»ǻӳ﷭ġϾڻ
ְ취һ½·Ҫĵ̣Ҫﱸݣͺ鷳
һˮ·Ҳ;شṩ䡣
˱һεĻƺӵʲôʱͨȺ˵ͺҪ
Ҳ벻սģһȺˡ
Ѿһģ½㿴Ҳİ̶ֳȡ
µԭɫģһ𤣬ΪڻƺΣƺÿθĵʱɳˢһ±ƬƽԭΪһµò
˾ö֮ɳҲͬƺһɫˣǣ˸еС
Էͤʮصɫǳıһĵж˫ѪȾˡ
ƺ֪ӵģ޷⣬ΪʲôɺӵĵطԭǸԱĵطȻճ־õ
ЩȥˣһЩ׳˺ܼͯˡ
ҲǴӳͷˤģҲǱս̤ԴһΪͳһ
½վڳͷгʱԾǸԶؿһ
ģǺóΪһЩЯɱеģҲмڳǽϣɱоġ
Ůѧúϸúܿ̿࣬ǶϤ
ٵʸһ֡
λĿģҳĸ󽫾ûʲôֶܾΣΧǣؾضҪսȻͻǰ
ǲһҲôأ
֪ǲΪ֧֮ݾǰȻȫ
빭ǲͬġ
ҪǿܲףҪ츳Ҫʣһ֧ҪӴıƣܾϸѡǧܿһʯĹ֡
õѰҲܿʯ
Щǿ֮Լ٣ȻΪǺܰǴ󺺾ӵʽΪպϵƣҲûôʿ䱸ǿ󡪡½׵Ĵġ
һʿ̩ɽܻųӭУ׼ˡ
ԶҲǣǵأƼ׵ĺĳ


452 
½׾ͷˡ
һڳ,СŮݸһ·б,ҪϽ뿪
ʱ¶,дڣΪʲôлбʡ
ǸѲˣս,ĻĮ׷ˣвͻĽһ,ϡͿİϡ
ʱעı仯,򵼵ж,ͼʵ·ߵĲ,ĺǷѾɺԣֻ꼾ʱһźӵΣΣգ
쵼ʿ,󸸸һĵã꼾󣬴Щֹľڲٴʹʱ,ܺõƾϣظ£,ʿ
ʿҳϵ,Ҳ׾,Ϊ߱ʱ̹ǵĶ
Щ֮,ԽĴ¡ÿСײϻȥ˯󸸾ͻĶƤ,Ц
һλôԼÿվӪﷸĴأ
һ
һƬظĵƻ,Ǹ׹ҵȨһ̲һ,Χۡá̤
ͷ­ڹ,һС
һ䬶˼ѵûʲô᷸
Ϊ½ף̺Ҳʱʱ̿Լ
᷸ûʲôˡĴܹȡѵԴա
һսȫͬ
Իƽ֮ҿʼļʿǲ׵ģûǮ
мףҲֻϰסɶѣ˵У˴Ƥף˴ľף˴ü·һĲףܣһ㡣
ǵӪеسǻٿǵݻԥŮ䱸󣬵ûףԳ֮⣬ŮԼ֣Ƥ׻ǲȻߣҲպϡ
ǲףǿܵġ
֯СԲܣľܣԵֿ꣬Ů໥ϵҲܺãһٲĹ乭ָ죬̾ͻԴ
ЩľܣϸѡľƳɣӲʹŮ;оҲܳԵȲʳƵļ᲻ɴݣڱμʸȴǷ
ŵģѾһȥ֮ҪʿǰɱЩһֲ
ǵصʸͳˡ
ɳ۶µǡ
Ļͬʱ׹أܼĿƿļű̹ǵɱ⣬Ů
һɲǣ˴δһڶ߽ŷ
ž赲ƺľܱ֮󣬷׷ˣ
½һ˲סˡ
ĶƺЩľѵȡ㶵ؿЩľ׷ڵϣѹ棬ܿѪӿ˳
ľƺˣӦӦģ½ȻڿһĻ
Ůʸ˵ϣǲǼߵʸȣǶ磬һĳȣصһʸǵļϣϣϡ
ǰǵ飬ֻܿҪΡʸˤڵϣػ֣ƺҪάסͣææȥԼĽãʸϡ
½һѣУξ콡Ӫ¹Ǻ̩ɽӭбǣ
½һ
ع񣬺뷴һ䣬ΪʲôҪʿ󳷣Լǰеѹ
ǵѾˣĳʹҰޣٽȴƺܶܵÿʱǵǻбŷּԤйƬսϻһƬ
갰ֵ˵յĽʤδ֪ġ
½˵ѵûйԥҲû˷õʱ䣬ʹӦˡ
֧ŮӪ𽥺󳷣ҾЩԱʱļݾбһһĺЦ
ȻֻһȺˣ궼ⲻסҲ
սʲộ
ԭݵ˶ˣԲɱ
ˣǼ˻ǺܶģرͣرʴȣԱֻ֤ҪͶһսӪҲôģҲѪܿǧŮ֤һҲʣ£
λ½Уξһᵽ֣Щʿٸˡ
ǳŴ²֮ͤδа˼ݾغӶ£ݿһֱ죬ǿԷֵôƬƺϵءƲŮ½½õȥǹˣͨʿ¼ҲǽӪǼǧŮǲҲأ
ֱٵĺѹݱ½Ŀǰ̩ɽϡ
һ˺ܾõ̡
ֱɫ˫Ÿ˻ԼӪС
Ҫأ̩ɽͷǳ㣬ʮܽǡ
Ȼ½ײʲôЦﻹǱĳǳ梷Ļ
ߵԶȻΪѾƵ˳ǽ¡
̩ɽŷսȫųͷϵؾԼΪԮΪ֮ء
ǣ갰ҲѵõĹ˵ʣͷֹ˰ײ״һΪһ߶ݺݵץӽ
½ԭǸŵˣỊ̇Щʳʡ
ֵһûûγԵúӣҲӣݺݵҧһڡ
ǰõģ΢һ£Ӳ
ҲЩ
һ⣬һڱڣǳԳζ
Ͷˡ갰˵Խ֮ʱԽҪڳԷ
ҲǸؿˣŬȥ߽˾Σ
Ӫа˰аʯԼİţ˵Щľܣҵƶ䴩˺üģ
ԬܼҴҵǱǱȲģƽ˵ǵ취
λ½˸š𡱵̩ɽһ⣬ؽ취Ȼеģǵ󲻱һҪƬװʱǰŶƣܲġԬҵ·⼸ҪɽԳ峵ΪΣ
Ρ
ݾΪǮԾʮȫʮûƵġ
ҧһȻһ顣
峵
갰ԺܲؿһۣսֻǣȻҪԳ峵Ű
Ҳ½˵
λ˳˼֮С
ǲļҹŮصĳڳУ
ҲһҲǧʯʳǴϰô˹ģ͸ˡ
һĳһƥƥ½׺갰Էͺִ֣ܲ֡
½ѾˣǸҲѾֻ࣬갰Իԥ
ǱϾԣε˵Ǵ˼Ʋɣ绳
ǳˣ½˵Щǵġ
갰һӾͱ˵ˡ


453 
˵,̴úɡ
ÿԼʵĴʱһ㻹оԼھУΪ߻谵,¶,޵㣬Լ谮Ů
,ҪŮΪ,֧Ӻ,ʧ벻ʾ糱ˮһӿˡ
иĵլۡŲݻһһľǰҪ,֮,һҶϪľɫ,һۻһϲʫ˵ĴǸ,Ůǵķ,һ,ɽȪúһ,˼һƽƽ
Ȼ糿
һȵ̺,ֻܿŮΪԡͰ,һͰͰˮԡ
ԡͰ룬ΪʲôǻûдΪʲôҪأΪʲôȺС˲Ըڷĳԣȵرźӷ֯,ҪӲ,ಫأ
ȷʵǲԸİ
,ūǻΪʳģÿϻмʮѡЩʳĲԼģͲǸζ
ǸϲҵˣϲЩĽУķֻۣѾƣúܽڼ󣬼Ǯ
ʲôԼҵ봩ʲôԼҵɣũ֯һ׼ҾߣԼҵֵѡľͷ˵УԼҵĽȻᾫĴ͹
вȷҲѾƸǲģרмƷء
ԼҵսԼҵıԼҵ绳Լҵݡ˿ɽţԼǮ֮⣬˳ţʵǲǮġ
˭ļҾȷʵǲԸŵġ
ˣȫΪ常׻׻̻壬常ڿôѵãһһҵҲˣڸĳʱõһԲõδ
ڸ
ٲѾԡͰˣŮΪ壬ϰɶ·Ϊͷ
һжٶǼʮĸɫģ̾һ
Σı䣬ȻʣЩС˻ǲô
ǳˣ
Լƽƽ棬Ȼ˵꾪ϲһվ
ģ
δʳҪЩ
ؿһͣҵδɣЩʲôȥǸԷ˾ǣ
һϸÿһƬñ͸һֳ̫ʱƽƽ¶һſ
أױԹûиЩ𣿡
ױҲ¶һſʹҪģЩҲסˡ
룬˽
ɺ֣ܳػʮ֣ηס
һů㣬һͺʵӣʩʩȻ˳ȥ
ױûȰѸٴǼʮֻµĵץѣǰĿڴ
½עŶ潥ľֿһŮ
ѾӳϲڰϣͲǰơ
û󳵣ⶫҲʺϳسǵĶ䱿أҲ͵ŵҲеġ
ʸԼʮߣźþģǸģľ൱ġ
뵱Ԭ̷ɸУӴһ۰ҲòϾģĳŻ
ƳˣǷںܺ档
ǰǰûеģֵǮҲסݾһ䡣
ϿԶѲݣòţʮɣʿǿںܡ
ıʵ˵㣬갰˸ַ˵ܿһʸ䣬ıҲⲻסġ
½΢΢һЦһ
мټȻŮƿ䴩׶Щ
ǲͣ˾װʸ
ټ󣬹ʮּ꣬Ȼ͸ףҪڵϲż꣬ô
갰˷˵߾ɢˣȻ࣬˼ҲгƱǰʱײײȥģֻᱻ˼һȵȡ
½׵ûֻʾҪ̩ɽʩԮ֣Ƭ̣Ѱɳ֮ͺá
ʲôɳ֮갰еԻʣ㻹ʲô𣿡
½Ťͷ
ҲЩ˲ݣͲ绳С
㲻ú֣˵ֻҪӮһЩǵˣ
̫ˣһƽƽսֿʼˡ
سǷҪʱʱǺ͹ǷսֱԮˣ泷ˣԼʿòˣֻӻȥع³ǡ
ζҲûóʲô»
ЩΪȻ䣬ǵһ
ϣСں棬˲ŮҲˡ
Щڼ֯Сҧᣬͬ۵ʬ壬ǰ
֣
ٸ̴һ
һ£֧ʾس˵
ݱѾµôһѵصض֮£Ƭ֮ǹЦ
һȺСӣ
һʯ
һ
СļףȴΣ
ӪΪǰʮ
֣
ڶϮʱݾЦݶپЩˡ
õء
˽
Ҳֻ֧
ǿɾʮ
ʮΣǻһֱȥһֱߵǰɣ
ֻҪǵʸ꣬ŵͿԴװʸǵɲǶЩСŮߣõģǴ󺺾Ϊİʯ
Ӫڻǰ
֣
һˡ
ҲˣûгħֵǼʮǰǼһȺ߹ʵ˻㿪ʵ̲סһ˫۾Ϸɣٻ߻ͱһͱüŪۣƷͷ㡣
˭Ҳʱץìһ޵ضǡ
Ҳˣ
ǾȻߵǰˣ
оìֶ˳ìʼָ»ǰǿ󣬴Ρ׵׼ս
еٶȷɿسһԾŮ
ʮϱǼأǵʸȻǿյˣ
ЩŮʻս鶼ǣֻҪսʤײģ
ǸַɿؿŮ̼˺һӡ
һѪȶ̵Ļսڿʼ󣬺ܿѹԵɱ
½ں棬ǰмʮŮ߱߱ĻӰ쵽ߵˡ
ָԶǻѤõµӰ𣿡
ֻܿһСɻ󣬡ûװ˧𣿡
½׿˿󳵣ֿ˿Զ
Ҳ塣
ն
䣡˵˵


454 
ʸҳ,ȥʱһżĺ⣬һķ硣
ֻһ֧,ȥʱս½׵һ³ʱõĽһ˶,ɱ,ֲȥ֧ɹŮǵͷ,ɹݾĸì,վŵǸ˶ȥ
Ǹս佫,ǻͷһŬģ,,統½սڽ,ͷܹսս,֧
ζųɹҲһ̿,ˣмˡ
˱䴩ͷ­ùײᶢŵ˵ͷ,ϾĿ̫С˵㡪󲿷˲Լǵ㾯ʲôá
˻ǻΪʧѪ͸Ⱦɱȥ,ΪһŬǴ޴ʧ־塣
پͲ̫һˡ
һҲûŬ
֪սʲôġ
Ȼ,常Ὣһ⺺սٻǶһЩ,˽гʶ,Ҳоþս޽,֤ġһֱıҲûʧ
Ȼҳ常ֵأ˵Խһ㣬һҲϡأԼӵȱ㣬ϾԲ׷ʤܷȨץҳԺöȻ˵㣬õȴȫԼǮ
ԲԼĲҲãļݾҲãûΪա
ʲôأ߹ԼҲǧˣ˵ǺʵҲụ̂ר
ٵʱڵŽſսúרģһ߿һ㣬һ̴ǲǾͿԹǣ·Ǿõͤõͤ򡭡ǲǾͿԻؼˣ
լۡ׾죬е常ֶصģʵôϲս
߿룬ţһͻĴ͸˸
һ˲ûиоֻۣǱײˣԴڵϣ˸߻أپ
ھʹ糱ˮһϯ֮ˡ
ΧױæҵĺҲսǰǰĵطľ޴󻶺
Ů˻
ǵɤѾƵø񽫾ƵģҲ㵸С
ˣµǵȷˣ
Ƭ֮ǵĻȸԾֳȡ֮ǻֺ̿Ͳ
𣿡תͷ½ףװĪǸ
һtŮˣ߽ʿ磬Ǳ
Ǽ˻ڹ
࣬½ȴһ仰˵
˵Ļ˵ˣǰ߽ʼ̩ɽҲںˣ˲ƽûʲô˵Ҳûʲôġ
һˣֻӻسУع³ǣȴ֪ʱԮ
Ԯ
½뵽ʱӿһԹѵǸʮŮ˽Ӫ٣Ҳĵ٣Щܿ԰ġѧԨԴҲ٣Ͼزͤһؾð갰Ե̩ɽҲ໥֮⣬û˰
梣梣
ѾݣȥôԶĵطˣ
갰ǣһƥڴЩʲôض˵زסˣ쳷سСˣ׵׵ˣ
Ůľսؿǵ죬ƽʱ侲˿֮½Уξһϡ
һһңǾˣֻ۾ôģ۾ʱˮôԶȻĿ˻
װʸ𣿡ʡ
Ƕһ㶣һȥ˼װʸ
ǵУξ۾ȼűŭĻ⣬һδѰ϶һ
Ǳ࣬澫սҲʲôֻһǻѪ
ԵŮɿװʸֽ۾սɽʱ갰Ѿǰ
˾ˣЪ˹ش󺰵˾ңԥ׷ȥˣС½Уξһһ
һȦŮмٴαĻУڴս
갰ҲǼٽ˵ȥҪ½һǰսʱȻʣµĻҭ˻ȥ
С½УξվǼװԡ
ˡ
ݾʼˡ
ǰʹˣҲæңѸͣӰΧ½갰ԵıΪס
ҪĺǻĺŮ棬ܿǾˡ
ǰоԬܵļݾԼĲǵСȻʧȥ־ݾиͳ죬ߵάס
άάסˣٲ´ء
Ҳϰ
̫λεŴ󿪡
Ѿò࣬дһֵȥɨսһڳеģؾʤԷڳߣ䵱˼еӭ顣
ôܲôܲȸԾʤһʤĿɲЩõĺǿԬıһ֧ӣ̫⻹ҪҫۣЩС˾Ҳʤˣ
һʤͣ˵лмʮ;ƣҪն˰ɣ
ŮûнǣǸŮء
ϾԼʤһ̣̩ɽǳסѹսƷ϶ҪƽֵģǾ͸ס
ǳȥֱһհ˵ϡ
ŮСһ䣬֪ⶫأ
ô֪ǸŮԱߣΪһֻʣһˣô֪
Ůһ˲Ͳ˵ˣǸڵϵŮһΣһһ䣬ȥɽͷ
ã̾ôĶϸ֮Ҳǵ󣡡
Ůǲ֪ôӦֻɰͰ͵ص˵ͷ
ȷʵá
ֵáŮЦ˵һ䡣
ֿЦúܿģÿһ鼡ⶼڳ鶯ǱЩ̵ϱҪûûΡ
Ůڿһ˲Цģ˺ѷεغ
ãҵãˣ
ŮЩˣܿһȻû˿
ЩŮϵ飬Ҳһ
ٻعͷʱŮ۾һӾˣ
ǸŮǸŮսȭͷǼȥ
Ůͨһͣˣȥֲ֪ôȥ
ֻȭͷû¡
ǸŮսȭͷЦػһ£Ȼջȥˡ
ҿɲɤΪһʮɳƹ죬ǾΪⶫء
ǵҲŮε˵
Ů̧ͷ
ΪʲôʣǸֵõĶԺٻǴӴû˸Ӹ𣿡
ʳһ⣬ʵǸŮסˡ
ǿɲʲôˣ֮ǰҲǵ˰ʯ»׵ġ֤۾㶼ܹȥסЩܲϲͬǡ
˼ݵһˣȻش𲻳ǸŮ⡣
ֱܹæ绳ʱǸŮվ롣
Ϊʲô벻


455 
ӪŮڿ,δӮⳡս֮й
ʤһ˻˿ʸ
լۡǵĿӴ⡣
Ϊٶ,޵˫ۺף˻ơТ˳ֶǿѰֵ,ֶķ
һ绪ïĺöսͻľȻĹ,ôܲĿأ
ѵ޳Уӵζ,ֽ׺ͱʯװϻ,һһش·,Ϊٷɥ
һеʼٸߣսǸˣһҲû䡣
ĺӰһ,۾ذȥΪһȦԵЩ
ƻǺ㡣
߽ʱû,ûŹȣıֱһ,ЩŮӡ
λΪӶĸʱϳһּԳƵϲı顣
ҲŮ̬Ү
Ǹϵ˴㵵ؿϰԵһ¡
һ,˭Ҳûг
ȴȻŭ,ײײվ,ָƿڴ
䣡䣡,ǲޣ
ֳ񶾣ȴûη塢ȴضֳЩҲעǵֶǣ׺ݵ۾Ҫȼһ
ΪɳΪҲ
䣡ֳĿѣ㡪
кιͣܵأΰߣĪ˵ӣǲҶ㣡
ֳˣҲˡ
˶ɵɵؿ޾£޷ˡ
ǿԬټҲģһ㲻
ǲǮеλԸЩΪ¡ɱ˷ٷ׷ͨʱͶǣֻҪһͷٸôģҲֻ㬶顣ߵļôϹ۾Ҳûһǡ
ǣǣⲻӦ𣿣
ǺϸݶҪκδ۰ôгһգǵļҲǵĶɣԼҪΪθأ
ֱٵĹһ񣬴Ҵ뿪֮һĳš
Ҵ߳ʱг
ҲǸТˣȻδأͬѰķλ࿴˼ۡ
սʼ֮ÿǳأÿСÿׯˣ˱˼ݽͷ˾ռߵĶ
Ĭؿ˳߽һ
Զԭ˵
ÿɷ񣬡òͤ򣬵Ȳá
һ˲ˡ
⻰ҲڳЦǳЦֶӣ
Ҫŭ˵ЩʲôֱûһȣԽʹȥ
ֻ̾Ϣһ
Զ˵ΪʱҸȰǡ
˽УЦЦؿһۡ
һؼˣƺ˳ЦۻĮ
ܲʱ˺Ȼֿˡ
˵Զ⼸ǲ˹˵Ϻβȥһƣ
Ƹʲô
Һô̡
ΪΪ۲ǣ°ݵֽ֣½ڳôսպգ˭˲棿
仹⣬ļҾɶǰ
Ұɥ£ÿȴǱӯţÿ춼еصģģʹϵģµģſڵ۶ųԳһԲԲŶб۾ˡȻЩʸŵĶ봩ŻȲҲһϳ
ߵſڵݸɶϲ
˴ŰɵĻҲӣͷҲֻһͷһԺܲ˳ֵĹȣҲûӣһ߹ġ
´ۣǳˣ˵Ⱥȥ
ûźöǲǣⶼҼ½ãϹ۾Ҳ
ûﶢſ
һȺˣҲ쳤Χſ
һβװ
ÿһҪſͣ£۽һֻֻӰȥ
۲Сˤһӣһ죬ֻˤڵϵӾͳ˸ǡ
ΧȺǾһ
װˮǹ⣬ԡ˿ŷ֣һƥƥޱȵĳС
Ǹݸɶǰһ
ЩսƷ̵۾
ˣôĹҵĶҲҡǰ׼һʱǸͻȻͷ
ԭԲҵġ
ҵƣҶ۶ֵˣ˵ǭףǸѰʿˣҲǱġ
һȺҵ̾ͽǸûˡ
컯գǵĽͷǾҪ˸ҿ
һȺͷչȥȻ壡һ¶ըˣ
˶ںˣԼˣ˻ֲ˳źˣ˼
󹫣󹫣
мЬӡؿһȦֿ˿һƥС
۵һֻӣװĽмʮҲδõ
ߣˡ
ԭⲻֱͻϿŵġֶҪ˵սƷ½սƷ
Ǿû˵ǸɱŮںԼµĹ佫ǻһһĳУһһǮһһĽ𣿣
Ҫ˵ЩԼͺ»ףǾ͸޻̸֮ǣǮЩµģ
ŭͷҪɾ˴ҴææܳӭʱѾϵЬӡˡ
һֵ˶עһĻһֵ˶˽
󷽷ʲô˵½½ײ֪֪
˵ս֮󣬺̾һ
ɵСȻʲôĲϣֻҪʵ͹ãʣµ½ЩƫоŹ;ǡ
һݹͣһ飬ǮͿ̵øӿ֣˵Ҳ͸һ¥
ҪҪǵ͵㣬㣬ص㣬Ҫſ񣬲ҪݣҪˡ
ôܣͲһ͵˰
ûѺ󷽵·ϣæһĶô½˳һԼдˣٵѡײѡһ
ȻǸҪ۴Ҳͦס
û취ϲ
ҲǸеٵ꣬ƺҲ
ʿЩ벻׵ӣȻʱ־ȷǸƵˡ
֧ͣӺ̲߲ݵؿʼ񣬼ӪկСסʿ״Լе
Щλͳ˧վھ뷶һ֮ĵط΢Цͷעƹĳǳء
Щ峵ݣ
ǡ
졣
ƫһ˲侪ˡ
̲סЦˡ
ʲô˵Ķϵļ˽Ǻôͤ񲻱ԶԵס


456 
ļݾٴιʱ,սһ¡еŮѾȬеŮ齲ã·һȳһա
һѵõʱ⣬Щݾµʲôñ,ٵĲ˽ɽһʳģ찡
һëҷ,ͼƿ,С̱֮֮ػҸµƵʺ׳̶ȾǼϱΪ⡣
Щϻ߲,һֱڵܼΪṩʵҶˣһֱϴͬжڻ˷һ,żζ
۴,½һֻ֣˵ôܽúһЩ,ӪŮǴҲǿһֵֻġ
½Դܷ춼ܳȥͷӲĶҧ飬ζ,ҲʿڸС˶ѪܹͷӵĻ,͵͵µĴš
˵½Сûŵ,Ҳ̫ġٹǿԱϹ۾˲̫һںҹҲС˵
˵ҹ,С½ѲӪǲӪ,ܿʿĶĿ,ĵأһȱȣҲ᳤ëĴһ
С½ôͣҪǱҰޣϿ϶лƵģ
½УξͲصԡ
ŮҲܽڼ󣬵ýͷӡ
Ǻܻľ񣬿ȼСһͷ֣ÿ˶ֵܷһ׹֬ζ
ҲӺ﷢һİӣǲ򵥴ֱؽֱӲӽϡͿ󣬳üسԡ
Ҫֳһ룬ˮ棬Ŷ֮󣬷ڹ￾ɱһ֮Ͳʳ̿ͣһ֡֡Сԡ
ͬʿĴͬʳˡͷ½Եľǻúʹİӷ쵱ӲĹͷֿܲ½׳ԵľǹĸͰӱԼһ̵еСˡ
½֪Ļἵʵġ
õûгܾãȾˡ
½ǼһεģϾǣȻûʲôʽİݷúͻ棬еӡġ
ЩŮӡر
ϾǸʿÿǳ˾ŮɵĴ࣬ڼġݷáǲġ
СЩĻ͵ʫ˸ԴЩĻʫ֮һЩѡľ÷˿ЩЩ˽ͷ
󵨵ĸɴȥ¸ȵĻ׼ҸһǻĽ
˵һرˣûܳɹصȵ¡
ΪλŮҲǳţƽؾͽúܣ˱ȥһ֮⣬˾ŵɾҲû취˵Щʲô
֮ʱæӪ½׳ȺһΣֻŮǵߴߴˡ
ûмֵģΪЩԶ㽫һ٣֪ôܴ·ǡ
Ŷǽҡ
ܿʶԼˡ
Ǹָȫַˡ
ƯƯҲЩ٬߶ڷͬؾʼսʱȫǸָӹ١
ƺҲûʹʲôսֻʿǰѡ
ʿߵò졣
ߵúҺȣöڵ꣬Ա
ؾҲˣȻֻвٱ㹻Щ鷳
һҲǵˣɳͣɧЩû취γһйģɱ䡣
δоһ½ҲúʧߣҺܺڣһأҲ벻ġ
ΪԬܵİʯŮģֻܽ갰á
갰ԵֵҲŮһӪǲ̾ͻһЩµ鷳
ݾǰߡ
ǰǰоǰҲиľ̫ͬɽһѹ
Ůǵְס
ԶԶһ̩ɽƺҲһûѪɫ
ֽ۾սɽ
ʲôҲˡ
Ĵ֮£ֻܿһƬںڣżһ˿֤ȷʵһȺƱԴ
һŵʿʮķΧʱѾ𳤡ì
½׺Ȼ˱Ľۡ
ŮĽۺ󣬲ȥǷҵĽŲͱݾеսĸڸǹȥˡ
ڳˣòǺЩǱ
ݾ׷Ҳзִ磬ðգƺֻ뽫ؾ¸ϻسڳ¾һʤ
ս˼졣ݾһɵؽӪկ޵ԽԽһ߽ΧԽԽһϰפص̩ɽս֮󣬼ݾռ˶ɿڣҽı
۹ǲǴԮôôܱQ
ˣԭ͹ôõģֻһıܲþͲãõããʹá
Ȼݶڻò٣ⲻ󣬵˭Ҳû˼ôꡣ
ΪڽڳںȾͿʼ׼ˡ
ɵģҵ֪йȴûһȻô鷳
ĵĨᡣ
Ա߸ϽͬùȰ
õУӦòһ٣Ӧ˴£Ҫܷ²͸ãʱ常𡭡
ǸȣĺݣŮĵˣʱ˴˵񽫾ģŮǽ֮ãȻҲٳ£飡
ʲôս˵ɶϷһ㣡طˣĪ˵ֻԣԴ񽫾飬ѵڲˣһ˽𣿣
ⷬ´̻˴ҵͬԵСŮҲˣֻƲһƲ졣ʣȺŮڼֵϺʱû̫𣬳ڣΪ治˽ǶԵģҲɱ˵СĽС½ֺϾȡ
½һ˰ӣЩ׷е͵ؿױʣȴ˾롣
һʿˣɥһСӣҲТСһǸӵĻ֮ͷݡ
͸оͷˡ
ʿ˽ܣֶӡ
ȦģλС½˽ڻ۲֮һЩ£ôͳݺôңô⼸ӲܲˡھУܻԼȺСõСơ
þҲȦˣϽúõذο䡣
Ȼ󲻰οãһοһСӿ޵þ͸ˡ
ĶµȿޣôµСһޡ
οһ飬ְǺúõס£ûǰѿȽϸĵСС嶼ȥӡ
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һǳˡ
۲ƺӺܹܽҾǲҪһȦٱϵģһֱӻطݾС
ˮɹأ
⣬Ҳ侲ôʾģ
Ȼ常ˣǰ͵ǽ常ǵһ㣬Ը⼸ֶӽԬܵĵϳҪˣҲøʹС½ȻͻСﻹһʹֶӿǿãǧҪ⣡һҪǣ
Ȼ֪ڷսǡԬˣԬҹ裬½㻹ǳĬ˺ܾáֱԱ˾ܲصܹΧһĻַһǺǺǺǵЦ


457 
ûʲôǰСӸ׵¡
ܲͶ·,ԼһżˣҪ˵Ǽӻ᲻·ز,ԼҲͱĸ·˵ˡ
ȸһӲ˽,Ȼֻа,㹻˽֮⣬˳ۡ͸ȵ,϶ʮƥ,һССĳ,
ҲΪҪӴ˴ߣ˯,Ӵϳ,Ӳȵ,ֻһ̬ȡ
һַǳȷǿҵģ,Ҳһ,ΪѵسеЩӵļ໤ˡİʾǲҪģҪ͹ȥ,Ҫһλʦ,Ҫǵ˼ȦԼδĳһ,Ѿʱ,һȨΪѡһλŵԵż
е̸Ǹ˼
򣴨,Ǯ,ȲֺӱըӼ,ڼѾһݼҲ,˶ǳ,ǲҪиġ
˾ܲô
һΪˢˢɽˮֵ֪ûʲô˽飬ӺߣΪݣǻǰӡ׻ʿʱҵһǶȵģѾˣǿʹģ
ΪˢˢֵǶͬϣټһŹµĺ
ʵҲֱӵĿģǻἸעһֱûעڽӵĻᣬҲ򣴨ϵ˹ҪԬӮˣȻǸΪĹҪӮˣҲһѾαס½ȵСӣͳΪ꿡ˡ
ҵһμʱ½Ƶ˵֪Ǹȱµġ
˾ܲе죬ǸгǸ֮ˣʱоֹк촦
ȡ
ȶŷǵĳǷͼ˺ܾãõƻһһ֬ɺԣһϢϽһ
˹Ҳ޹вǺģǽ£ںδԵоʵظĸŶԶؼ
˶˵ڳ¾սܺã罫ǸϽǣϾ¾սʱӪװһܷʮ󣬶ʿ˵Ǹ鷳ţʱƤǵݳ谭г峵ײţͶʯԵУͳһǶȣõĶҸϡá
սɱ½ף룬ʵЩ
һ뵽½֣Ȼ뵽һˡ
Ǹ˴Ӻڰ߳ˣ΢Ц°ͣ
û貵ףֻһɵףͷڷɢƣڷ΢΢Ʈ
ʼշŽǱĳ೤ںڵĳ˿һˣһȻ񲻿ɵ
أǳΪʲôȴģǲˣ
ԼʱƺڽĿ⿴
Եȣ㵽ʲô
󺺵Ľɽ⽨ĹأһڲͤҵѾսһװģؽŹ㵽Σ
Ρ㱶˼·쳣طʣȥ򣴨𣿡
򣴨
ƽ֮ǰ򣴨¾򣴨
ƺʱԼؽﻰʱ򣴨ʲôӵģ򣴨ʲôӵġ
ڽѧ˵ʿ׷ǰ£ѧǧˣַǷΪ
ǲ򣴨
ߣһ˳Ұˣ򣴨Լξ䣬ţԶߣ¼ˡ
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ȻˣǷ˶׿򣴨δǨߵʿɱ
ȷʵǼģµʿˣ·߽õǣҲ˵ЩʿҵŮȥЩʹͱˣЩòɫģ붭֮ˡ
½ԣʲôأ
ǣܹǵϲŭ֣ǱʱĿ־ҲͲһ֦ҶïĴڶ̶ȥġ
׼˹ˣ˸ⲻ
ֻͬҵʿˣȷ飬Զ׿Ǩܽ񣬶ôˣɱֱʳ
ȷˣֵ㿴ЩŻ𣬺Ҳ
ʱ๥һսһаնУ
ЩµĹѫжٴж
˸е־塣
ܿ־塣
ֳǸ֮壬֮ˣĽҲˡ
ֳˣ˵ಫ
עǸģƺҪѰһȫĵ·
ʹ˯ѵУͷҲֻһ
ֻξһ˿Ҳ֮һɢ±üᶨޱȡ
ܵΪѰһ·ڱ˵ﻰʹҲڴˣ
һ˲䣬½Ȼ
Źѵ԰ף¶ɱ⡣
Ӧͬ˵仰ģѵõʱ˵ս޹صƮƮģд漸Ļöأ
һ仰û˵
ֻ̤ǰһ
һʱĳѾ˳Źᴩص׵â£
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ëʱī֭Ѿɺԣպպ
ëī֭ʱʿմ˿ʹѾȫˡ
ԬǸܺõòݣԿģ
ϵҲǸܺõȻЩɣñǷ
ȻҲһλܳ΢ȿˣ壻
˵Ƕܺá
Ƕһ
ȸԼмӵдһţԭλȥ½У˼ǰ󣬻ա
λԳݣھѧ൱裬ǸʫĲѧ֮ʿȥ˾ء
ȥ½Ͳ̫С
ȥˡ
ֳĲѧıصġ
дźһԣȴ˿ʱʣר־ؿʼڷǵĲͼϹ
Ҫ칥Ʒǣվ͵ǣִӺ󷽴๤ǰ׼ǵУе
ĽΪһȲ衣
ɾȻר־ΣɫܺãȲƣҲǡ
ֻҪһɾ嵭ƽüۣ֪ոմǸʱҲûġ


458 
Χǵĵ졣
½״ʱ,оۡ
ŮΪ̾͵Ĳϯϣ۾һֻС
ǶɵģӲϯ,Ƭ̾ͽſڵƬӰ,ݵסΡ
˿ϷŰ϶̫©ҲĶࡣ
ȻˣνһȳԭΪѾϰ˵,ʱ̲סü
ֻСȻȷȥ,ҴææشӰ,˳ȥ
ҪȥһƬ֮,ʳӬۼ,˽,ţ·Ϊ˹ͣʳѿ͡
ݳ޵ĴͣǶӬԣǶԻδĸж,Щѻԡ
½ƿʱľһǡ
ǽ¼ӹ̹Ůǽһνһεر,Ϊ᲻ɴݵĺͶʯƵͶǱӡǣѺۣĳһʯͷȥʱ,Ľ
ǰ޲;
Ȳ֪Ūôʯͷ,ô๤,ҹԼյʯͷ,ÿһʯͷ׼,ʯͷͬһ,ȥ޲ҪðΣգһСľ͸ŻһҸ顣
ûŮǽıǽϵʿ¶ڼݾǰݳʱˡ
Ǳһ̧ڳǽ£˵˱ڲϯϣܵõһ˿ů˵ҲڲϯϣһùĲϯѪ͸ˣȥȻػҪ䡣
Ǹı⣬ֱڵϡ
½߹ʱеͬһͷһܲ׼е˱㱻ƽ峵ȥˡ
ߣݵų
̨׵İһ˵ܰȫ
˳ǽ·Ͷ֮⣬ﶼҪųĳݱ̨ϴһһʮʯͷʹˡ
ǿҲȵĳݹ󾫣ҪУͶʯľͽǶȣͶһʯͷûˡ
ؾĵģΧǼͶʯҲΪͶܲ⣬ôȣܹ鲻ôš
ߵĳǽ£˴æܹŲȻֹ
ҲޣΪųʿǻʶйʵģվǺܿͽǸʰˡ
ųɵʯͷ̨ϲڵİߵ㣬⣬ʱһ̨ס
½ҡҡͷ
죬갰Ըذգųҹ½ڡ
ǽŮʱʱҪ
ȥų˵ҲҪҸɾˡ
û
ǵ취˵
˾ƴ֮κΣ
ųĬһƴҲýЩͶʯ˲УȻݳһأ
ʵҲزס½룬ŮǽȱԽԽֲ࣬Σݳʿƽء
ǵĳǽûоߺģǽԽͶʯҪĸ߶ȾԽСѡõʯͷԽأؾ׾Ҫ
Ȼų⻹ǲЩģϾݣ갺սԴӴ˲߶
ϸ߹дУǷ񡭡
ųһҡҡͷ
ƺһʲôƣܲͣû˵ڣ̵ֻ˵
ֻʱӭս
û˹̶ĳʳʳʱ䣬Ϊʱ룬̫δʱڼʱܴǡ
ڴ֮⣬ҲͶʯɧؾʿǲ⼽ôʯͷֻ㬵һ伽ز
ͱڣ̫λûߣǽµؾŶӴ򷹺Ȼսľˣ
ˡ
Ů̻ʵغĨĨ죬ӱժھٵĺϳǽ
ĴһǶɫĳˮƫź⡣
ߵò죬ҷӣǵݳһ·ǰ
Ůһһļʸʿ̾͵˵ϣиڼǰ
ǾƣпݳܣϺߵһ֪ƣ룬֪־壬ںԼںͬ
Ůϻļ̾͵ͷʼװ˲ǵʸ価Ҳ̿ʼӣС
ѣѣոϳǽ갰ԴûУ
ˣû
갰Դ³շһӵ˶Ҫ
ʵƣ
ǸȥһţǰرСһͷֵҹҲֽٲ㣡ľǵĶɣ
СˣûܳԶһʯͷ͵ط˹飡һѪĽ
갰Բ˲ϵѪ۾Ѿܣһŵܹȥʿ㣡ȥҴȥ
ݳŮǺܿͺˣǽս갰Ե̩ɽȥùȥȻաݳƤסһɿ̾ʹƤζҲЩǻ𣬺Ŵˤȥļɢζ
ʿԴԴϴ·ݳ˸Ƥľڳǽϡ
һȥʿìͱ˶ӣеڶĸųìûѸٶìΡ׵һССʧ˳ǽϡ
ȻԽԽļݾ˳ǽһʿ˳ǽ̿ʼ໥ϣΪݳϳˢµĿռ͵·
ǽϵȱڣǼˣһ
Ǻܿûʲô˿ûˣƺÿһ綼ͿѪһ𾭹ڡ
оĲ㻤£ͷƽעһĻֱźȻ򿪣ššһƱͻȻŻѳ˳
λͻȻüͷ塣
Ī׿ıвξ˽
ʲô
ֱܣǵݳģ
ΧһƬЦ
ȵüͷȻչˡ
ݳԶ΢Ц˵ô׻ȥģ
ųıݳµʿһֲ˽Ѷ˹ȥ˶ȥһĸɲ
ȻǾͱݾΧסˡ
սĻ̷˳Ц
Щݶݳʲôã
Щľ϶ǼģȼпյľͷϲѡҪʱ䡣
ݳʿЩʿѵɵӣ
ֳǸģܾܵҲ㣡
˵⼸ݳǧģ
ԶıأϲųСĹ⼿
գ⼸ݳվˣǵĶ罫ǹˣ
սΪ÷ǡ
ʵ˵ò
룬ݾȷѾռǶγǽԽԽʿóɵǳˡ
һ£Ǿ֮ǧˡ
ЩߴߴɵȥȼȲϲҲգֻĿЦЦǰ
ͻȻ˾һ
ˣ


459 
ͷϱһ󻶺,ǺģЩݳȻķѴ,ڳһѻˣֹݾ,Ǽѵõһ׮͡
Ļֻ˺̵ܶʱ䡣
ݾݵһ,ں󷽵ߡ
ǽϵؾûиеѹݾһοʼǡ
ǲݳ,ֱӿϡ
й,ƣ
оʯҲоʯ
ϻسǵֶ,ܹ޾ļݾ
ϵƬһ,Ĺ,赲ϼ,
ЩԭڳͷȵǱ˺Ԯ̱赲,뱬һս
һһѹˣ
ͷȱڴһһ,ؾʼԾغ,۾⿴³ǽ̨ס
ǽҲؾ೤ìео³ǽ,̾ͷ׷״ȥ
³ǽ,̱ҵ
˽Ųһ,·˴ȣ
һֶ,һֶì,Ͷ,ؾһ˽λòˡ
Ѫ갰Ը˹ʱһȣꪳȥݵֽݾƻ˳ǽߡ
ֻ̩ɽö̱ǲģֻ갰һλ佫óǰɱҲǲġ
ų˻ˣಿʬ棬ƴ
ݾܵӶĴ谭֮󣬻ǽˡ
ǿıţ˳ʱϵĹâȴȥˣ·ɫĳˮһ˽һˣ̰ӡ
ˮӿ˳ŵ̰Ͼڵķ϶һһɵأˢһȱڣȱڽ󣬷϶ҲԽԽ࣬پͱԽԽˡ
мݾ̧Ŵ˨ؾ˻ᣬȥͱڵĲҽּͬͬģоڳţ峵
ײײţɱȺӣǣ
顪
顪
һһײڳϣ¥Ļµǳض
Ƭ̺ûˡ
߿ܻ
ҲԶĳ峵𣿣
Ҳ֪Զ˭ڵؾͷ룬϶Ǹ˰ɡ
Ǹޱˣڳ峵΢͵һ㣬ԼҲ֪ġ
ʲôϵأɰ֧ܵݾֻҪڣһһ춼ܹµģмܲôʵĹǳսֲá
սģ벻Ҳ벻
ǸиԵĴ㣬ܹǳصġ
纣иһ㣬ھκֻ½ס
Ž۾ȴЩãġ
ǽѾǵĳǽˣǼˣڳǽȥЩûȫȥʯͷڱǵЩͺ͸ɲҲǵ
޼ɵڵĸùͣɲӻѡǼҴҵ󣬲ںأֻҪǳȼ
ЩڳµؾǽϵʯͷҵѪɽòߣƬ̺󣬼ܹʱ¶سš
ǾһѪɱÿһÿһ֣ÿһ䷿ݣÿһ
һ𣬵ͰƾɵķȼյһƬѤгĬעһĻżҲһظ̾Ϣ
ǳضȼգزסˣ½뵽ضãҪضá
źųأֺ갰أŮš
뿪ǵһ·˱ɱΧ档
ʱǺģֻʼûй
һİʾ
Ҳã갰ųҲãϾ梣ûһһһǵ
ˡŮѾţǰ򿪳ţһ·
ûм˰ڣڣŰС½Уξǿ޽еǿӵһ
½׸оԼɤӺܽ˵ʲôƵģעǣ
֪Χʦڣ
ǣʲô
ҿ˳ţ
˺󣡡
˺󣡡
Ůߺ󣬶ǣ
ôĿ۶أ
ǲбļˣƽʱĽӪŮ
갰Ե̩ɽҲãųĲҲãƽʱϲӪ½׵ľǺϵģоʱǸ㲻ɵģŮʱϲ˵Цʱϲ裬ʱϲȥϴ·ֻȥʲô
Щɵ±ҲãҲã涢ſҲ˵ϿʲôƺϿһԼһ˾ͿԺҸ
οһȺòԣŮŮأ
˼ʹ֪ҲɱУЩȻǲ̫ġɱʱҲֻһǣ˭뵽ǵʸһǵأ
Щԥţд󵨵ģؾǰˡ
ǵŰԼջ˵ǡ
ǶˣΪʲôӣ
죬һӰɣزסˣǻĺöɰ
ֻҪ취ɺӣģǣ
½׽Ůŵ˹ݺݵذʱԶ˴ص
ſˣ
ǰŵ£ָس
Ҳˣ
˶ֻһǻеŮǶ
ѾעҪˡ
ű򿪣ǱţŶûʲô赲ݾӿ
ǵͻЩɢѾҪҪӿŲؾŸϳȥϽΧȦȥ
֮ԴݴýĹˡ
ʿҲִܣߣ׼Ŵ£
ʾǴʱġ
˺ܹ棬ϰ̩ɽ˺ӡ
ֻٰ࣬ˣȲδϡ
Щ˺ܿ˳ԴİΧȦͺ˳Ծˣ
һʱûУξˣԮ̫͡
ߺˣ
Զֻһš֣
λӦһüͷ壬ﷴ룬ƽȷʵǴ壬ҲʲôҲδȺ֮ʲôŵ
AȻܳƬսϣ
ɸ½Ӱ룬ˣԼ͸õ½Ҳˡ
üһ룬ܾ©һʲôʱŴȻɧ
˴һˣŮҲãҲãݱҲãȫ忪ˡ
˴ı䲻ֻ࣬ǰʮϣǸܳ
ǰ棬佫ֱײޡҲǺǡɽϹľʯҵͷľ顣
ϵĳҪһ⣬Щɢļݾ˲ͱײˣײɢˣ
ǻǸ˰
мݾηӵһʱ˾ǿĻ籩һ㣬ųǣ
޵󱲣ϵ·񣡡


460 
һף쳹Ͽգ
ѾȼմĳǳͻȻҵĻ⣡
Ԯˣ
ԮԮ
ٰǲ֪
ǧ֧Ԯˣ
죡յ죡ô죡Ƕ˰
Щײñ׵ڵ㶵ؿ,ſžĵץŷ֧ԮҲһ·˹ȥ
ҪȥģʲôĿꣿʲôƻ
ʲôûУʲôҪ
ǵǻＤŴϲֿϲǴӿ־ĵ͹о,ҸǲͬѰĺ͵
Ǳ͸սѾһεˣѾϳŵˣڵʿָ֮˹ͻȻ֮Ͳηˣ
ǵ۾ͨ,ǲ,Ϊ,˵ĶҲ׾çײǲη
µһȥһǻѪݱĳͱأͬҲżȥΪ
һϻسǽϣϻȥ
һϵǽߣ
ȥȥ
ìöܣ壡ײ³ǽ
Ѿôˣôۣͬ
ҲҪסĳǳذ
ս,۽
սۿɼתȵսһ㣬ĵغ˼
ֹˡ
ʲôҲ,ʲôҲˡ
ƫڿ,
λĹޱעǳء
׼峵
϶¶˸Ӷ΢ɫ
ܳ峵ԡԡ
ͻȻתͷ,ŭǣ
ǰģؿ˴˳ǣ͵ذΡ,ظߺ,ܸ,Ϊȵǣ
һӾʹʧɫˣ
ɰ
ǰ󽫾֮ʧɲ찡
δ,ɴգǡ¡һݳ峵ǣ
ҲҲ峵Ի,ιǰ
һƬ,˵仰ΧȻ;һ¡
½ջУƺҲ侲ձ
ʲôǱȱ㣬ȿȳˮһӿǵıµģ
ǴžһţʵͬʱرƵ佫
ŷɾô佫
ظڱһƾʱλδ󺺺ǺЦ˵ʲôû˵
ɤˡߵױϽڡ
еࡣ
ų½׻û˼˵ʲôʲôʱ갰Ѿȵسȥˡ
סһ׳ҡһɤ˶ÿһ
Ȼɱ𣡺ɣԲźɤӵģ
״һֱˮĺɵڻˣϽ֣˻ɤӿڵ
мѰ˵ֻ˼˶ɺӣĲûκֻܳɤӺһ
갰㶵ؿ
㿴¶һӵ΢Ц潫ǻסˡ
갰ֻͷ½׺ų
ųִؽϻ½˫ȫ
һӦ½׸ϽƣһİƣһԼı书ûѧ梵һɣٳӦıȴŰƽˡ
Ҵһֺһ־ƣټڲԣȻץʱʣŽôˣ
⣬ŷҲ¶һ˿֮ɫ
ǡԥ˵֪𣿡
Զפ۲ǣ
ŷɵ˵ͷ
ʿ졤ݱܻʱ˵
ҶԲˣרעض
ȷɤ۵󣬻갰Եһܵߵϯ¡
ųڶܵұߵϯˡ
½ԥ˺ܾãԼλϣҲܺ󷽷ʲô¡
˹ŷɶˡ
ĸԴһڻŷ¶εˡ
ŷ֮ڳ֣ܵƺӱ֧ԮͤΪܲٳˡ
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ܲһˣֻʣǧ
ΪAһ˳ԵĴʤ
ʼգܲٶ˹򶨣ݾɳȥ½ԼʱʱڼԴ˲ܲټ⳷ˣͻȻһ׼
Ȼܲپˡ
ǰﻹˣѾˡʹѾܣԭҲǲܵĵġ
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֧ܵʱЪһСǣп
ܲٴʱҲǱ˳ǣظ֮һжףһȡˮȡ
һˮҲտˮͶλǿĽһ˴룬һҲûζ
ĨĨ죬֮ԼױТΣ
Ѱˡ
Ѱҽ٣
ױЩΪѣҽʦҩѾ
ܲٷػ˻֣ױ̾Ҫ¡˼ֱܲٺˡ
ȥѰǿԸǣԬ֮ʹڽ
۲ǣȷ޵òܲձɱⲡһ𳤴ĽʲôģˣȻҲǲ׼˼ˡ
˼˽࣬ڹʱ΢ýԬͼա
ʶʱʳӭӣ䵭Ѿײ
ǵؽǣЩʿο룿
ڻµϢѾסˣ½ݵϢҲס޶־ս豾ƣЩʱΪã£סľġ
ݾƴԬĺѣֵ֮꣬ϵȥ˼ݣѵὫ
ԾݾԾڼ磬ҲԾҪĿ£
ֻܼסԾƿҽ
ⷬ˼κܿʶˡ
úأ˯ѣеҩľˣÿֻԭպܿȥģƺ˶޽żҲԵѾˡ
ԭʲô󲡣ֻżз纮̰ſڿʣ۴ûտһ뾮ˮڶѣ̶̼գͱ⸱ģ
ʱڰ峵ϣۣһۻĲݴĳ⣬һӭӣĬŽǣʱҲԼǵȷˣºȻ˻ˡ
۶ҩӽڶôڵһѶϵǳ˰ȥ𽥾
ģ
ҽף˵ǵġ
ΰ˰֣ǵ˼ѵһܲ𣿡
Цһʰȹ룬һ߽ͣǼʱǰ䵭дǣפԬʹѾ۲ǣǰܲأ
ֻ£ڱͷҲëëģô㶵һ
ԭҪȥͶԬܣԬʹ߹
Ǹ˼ܵˣֽλͷһ飬Ϊضóٶ۵ʱ
εĶͷ߳һſ亹þȫ´齣Ƚһͨһ͵˵ϡ
ӣ


461 
ݵʹߵ۲,ҳ·ϵϢʱ˾һɧ
Ҫкǿʲô̬,ʿ,ڵõܲٵԷؿʼɨظſڵ·
ǺưܵģϾδõ,Ӵǵĳǽȷʵ޲ɫһ£ǲɸߵĳǽԶಹƵġ
,Ѿ࣬Щߵﲢδ,в֪,ȥס档
ݾɨ·,˳㽫ҲһʱЩ̵ֻش˳ǷشקһƲϼҵļҵһϯ,չޣװЩܲٿ,һصĺӡ
ûѩ,Ҳǳ䣬Щڵ˿ţ뿪һľƬҰʱ·Ѿȥ
Ͼ࿴һ,ǵøϽЩƾɵġȱġĶ,װڳ,ӽһ,մ
·жǺģչЩþ͸䡣
ӳһа̣Щˣеùļˣ࣬ӳ£͸Щ
ǻĻǻһμʵ֡ȥʤЩӣδ㲻ãڵǶԣѾƵΡ
Ѿܾûʤ̣ǵ޶Ҳܾûõֶͣƣ˳ʱ׳־Ѿˣ԰ĺҲĹˡ
ڵݱֻһ£ǵǵ˶ָǵܲƺӽһ㰡
ҽһ㣬˺ҲߵöֻҪ峵˺ӱٻʮǮһܽ޶Сӹžۡ
˵ԬҴҵ󣬺Ǻۣϵ׺񣬱ضҲᱡǡ
ʿǾһעŻ棬һ߳õδ
Щ񽥽Զˣʧ˻ҰıԵ˭Ҳ֪Ҫȥȥ˳¥ϾӸעһĻĲ֮ܲ⣬ƺûǡ
ʿһЩվ
һ˿ۼҲʧˣδһ
˵½ƽԭʱǷģ
Щü
˼۲ϣĿҲ۲ǵķϡ
˷ŽĿԽƬˮܲأ
ʱˣ˵½ô
ţԶЩµġ
ȫԬҴҵ󣬡֮Աǣʲô£
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λ׻ǺܲȫмԱͽˣ
Ļûʲô壬ҲƽʱˮƽλĸʿȻҲͱﲻסɧˡܲˣֽĿƻ
½ʶԶ硣
ļرãʱ£ǲǵġ
ǸȻòеģ·ץŵļǣǸ´ߵ񣬲ܲٶӡġ
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ѾΪֻܿͻյ˲Żе뷨Ŀֱ־һᶨֻῴǰ
̬ǫصȴļҵӷʹߵĶݿϾܲٵȷ㱵سһ
СʶõıĵǸ˶һЩ
ΣɱǭΣܸɳⷬҵ񲻸һӢ
ȷʵǰһ󣬵Ҫ˶ãֻģ
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ʹ֮⣡
ģмʿодϵµľ٣ѹѹһȺǿʿˣܵ˳⡣
ǻһɾոµ·ͷڣٲȻؽľĽڵŲŲ
ÿһ˵̬ЩϸСĲ𣬵˵һĽڴ
ʹٽʱΪ׵Ĳϵ¶Ȼطһ½
Ĳһİףʱܲǰһѣ˲Ȼضһ¡
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λʹԴǼַǳ½ΪܹΪڽ
ӹһӣػһ¡
淢һϸ΢ģײ
ܹҴ壬пңԭ֮־Ϊλӡ
ЩҵһӾͱˣ
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࣬ԬʩԮ֣ռǵ۲ǣ͸ֲģ
ǲģ·ϰ·϶Ҫ͸һݣڳ͢ʲôӦҾͲˣݻʷڣҲû˭ϰߵġ
ܲٵҲ¶ʮˬʵЦݡ
뱾׽ãʮ꣬ǱʩԮ֣ʤЦոǷһˣ
ԳһͷӶҫģ
ְ̫֮Ҳ룬ضˣ
Сǣԭûʲô׼ġ
гڵңĺǿˣҲصܹڵ;⣬ȻγΪʢϯ档
˭֪ܹȥ˼ݣΪԬĸأ¿ԬܵˣҼȻԬܣȻҲߵ˰ЩݵҺǿǶΪܹľôҲ׸ıôɣ
ǾһյƽһյƵľǾܹҲλʹߣܹµ佫ҲˣҲλʹߡ
һͣûע⵽ıʿǾʱϸ΢
ǲľƣֻλʹߣھٱƵƵȰơ
룬ĶԲܹＸЩȰƾȰøˡ
ûκ쳣֮Բܲ£˵ãŽվ糨ػʹһġ
ǶڵϣҪȥԺãԶ˶ȻһŻǺȵģ˱ȰȰλʹȻҲ²ʡ̱ϯ
̫ɽˣ˷硣
۽Ŵصʵʵ
ֻʣˣ־Ŀ⾼
ܲٶֱֻԼġﵹһƣһں󣬽յ¡
һ״ۣԷᣬյʹǰŵؽֻʼûд򿪵Ĵ˳
һööͭӡڰϣڵԡ
ܲһöһַۣ£һöһη¡
ԽԽ죬Ҳ̵ԽԽߣֱһöȻеͭӡЩյɨڵأЦ
ЦţЦЩ˿˼߻һԬʹߣЦ״ļ˶ľսæȥЩͭӡ
ܲЦᶼˡ
֪ҰΪЦЩǵ뵱
Ĭؼ˼öͭӡڵϸϸؿ
˼ʮöͭӡְܶ࣬Ҷͬһط
ݵĶ


462 
һΡ
Ǹκ,ƺȥ˺ԶĵطпľиɺԵĺӵ,᫵·,ԼСһʯͷ
һƬҰ,ǾƬҰϼоʿ촽ѣѪѪ,ƵҲ̿ˡ
Զ಻ɽҪѹ,ǸȥʱַԶҲ߲
ڳ,һϢ,ȴ˱֧Ӹ߸Զλá˵Կ֧ƣģһ·Ŷȥľڽʧ
ǵû,Ҳûкҹ,ڻԭ,ȫû谭ģôԵ޹ʵʧأ
εĿǰʱȻһɳ
˾ϲغ,ˮˮ
ȺҺӵɺ,ˮ
ʿӵǰ,ƺҲӵ,νġˮԴ,ǳɳķȥ
ȷӵġ
Ϫ,滺ԲĶʯһſŵضںӵף㾭ˮСС˻̫»ѤõĹ⡣
βǻȥҲΪӱһ׷У̰׷
Ϸ־źµϯϣʲô
ǲϷ־ţҲǳüչ˹㶵ؿһŽ˳
ǴʵҲɵЦ⣬ǵžյѵõʱ⣬Ǹ̬ڹεоĽ
ҪǵϪҪȥѵߡ
ĽǰһӱʱȻתͷŹεķһۡ
һۺĮڿһʶǵõˣͣפʱԳһЩڹ۲ĵĹ̿һﻹЩϧ
ǲڿǿˡ
תʱϪ̲һ˲ȫʧˡֻƣʿݵսԼɳеǸӰ
߻ʿϪһȥǸϵȴʼͣĬ
ТТҲҪҶȥ
ƾɵòӣεһţ˼׵ĺ룬ƺԶҲϵͻȻ϶顣
ĿȻŹΣҲŹ־׵ϪɽȣȴŲֽŲ
ҪȥʱȻֱ֮ȴʧȥ
ҪŲĽҲʧȥ
ܿڣܽԼķθ֮ԡ
ѾǾʲôҲ


ʹ߼Ȼ۲Ƕص׿ϣ
ȥҲ;ģ
ʹߣƱزֻɳһӡ
Ǹҹ̣ܶܲܲһҹû˯Ȼܿ͵
̫ʱѾҪݣͬʱҲ׼һ֧һжʱǵؾվڳ¥ϣԾش󺰣
ʹˣ
βʹߣ˼ʮͷţԼʮơ
ʹվڳ⣬˵Ŀģ
ܽƽңʹ֮͢ǣֵ֮Զȴͣطţˣ
һӳͺۣһŴ㽥£ˣʹ߸ʱͷµؾѾΧ˹⻰޲һ
ôҪȥң
ңҪȥ
ղ˵ȥ𣿣
ʹתһȦǾģ̾ᣬԬ֪ܽѣľս֮뻢֮
ǡաλʹ
֮ԬҪܽȥ
δ˽ô˵ʹǲʲô
ûвʹߴ˵ܽӡó֪ˣ
·Ǻܸɾģɨóףӳ⵽һƽ˲ʲôǷɿġ
ǴӳŴջ˺ԴɿܽܽոѵľӪܽŻլۡҲȫǵϢ˷
ϵҪȥˣ
жԶ
ǧôԶҪһ£
ⶼҪ붬ˣ
ˣǵļƾʲôȥң
ȥ˹ң˭޶С½
ΪʲôɴͶ
ǣǵġ
ʿĬĬģҲһԲոչһοʼģֻ˼Ӫȥġ
оǰʱʿͻȻײ
ȥ𣿡ʿʵİҮĸޣӣǸȥ𣿡
ȻڵϣʿﳤȥֱʿԽԽ࣬۳һɺʲôƵġ
Ӫ֪ǮֿܾտյػؼңҲ޶СܹҪȥңȥǣôЩͲܻؼң
ϢظʱһѾ޿ˡ
·һȾʱߵĳǣ˼ڳŴӵҪǡýߣְǣҧþһа취Ҫڱǰӳ
ֻҪϸһ֪һϦ֮ɢˣܲﻹ׷ɱأ
ǼʹǵĲܲ٣ڰ
ʿǲͷ۷Ĳܲٵģǵ˧Զһɽһ϶ɱϣĸɽ
ԽɽģֻӣǱӳӽҲϵ·ˮУذ
ǲܲѾϾ˼ˡ
ΪбǸЩŶǰԼǸӪĴӡ
Щԥҵ佫Ĺǰѯʹ˵ǷΪ棬ڵõ϶Ĵ֮Ǳᡣ
Щ׷ʣڵأߵף
ҵڴˣԶȥȴʼգհݱ
ܲٵۿҲˣǰæסȴʲô˵ڣ
ɣɣ
ߵöͷһƬʺ죬תʱ˽
Щҵݣ˲˽׷ܲٵˣһذݱ
˰ݱʵ⣬ȴ£ҴææʹôʲݣȴҲڵģ
˯˺ܾãѹʱеһǰδеļ
£ۣλƵشȣ߽˿յ
紵˽˹ӡ
ûˣûо磬ֻһصСͭӡСɣŮɿ߬һץһѵСߡ
Ѱһڰµ磬ŪЩСͭӡ
ֱнŲλıʿ̧ͷ
Т
ţӦһôûߣ
ü㲻Ҳ⣿
Ҳ߲Ȼ˵ߵöҲߡ
˳ĬΣǰ
δɫǸее㾪棬һҵúܣݣмݣδȥ
ܹӢһʱʹǣ಻˳Цʶ֮
ξֿһǰˣֱнŲ
ǵվſڣֻ۾ģǣȻֻ߽֣Ǽصһģ
ξͲȥ
Тܲٴ˵ոˣĻҵвǧ࣬壬ңԼţٹ꣬²ܸô
κȻǸΣԼˮĺѡ
УʵԶֶΣ̫
ܲԼĺӣЦһЦ


463 
Ȼûǧۺ˳,ҵǧۺ˳ϸظͷֹβаĺǼλھӪδ,ϵôȦݼʿ佫ǵ,ԼŻʣ˼ˡ
οžͲҪôأϵһӢֻۣʣǧϱ,ȥ˹ңҲǻ֮,밲̸װ
Щ̾п֮󣬾ͻ̧ͷ,СĶڵΪλһƣĨǵؽתƵܲٺܲбҵʹӤ֮θĸ桭
ų˳˼,½죬갰Ц,ܲþûסⲻǺکǸ
ӣɡ
ūȻ˺¹ĺôҲԬܿս
ȻԱٳµֳƵ̬ȣ϶ԬǱдͶֻ಻ٵġ
̬ǻὥתġ
ʱսֵı仯,̬Ҳű仯
λסͤôãʿУп,Ҳ۲ǽ,λڿԱϰ
ǸϢ,ֵü˾յ,һһյ
,ƺˮǻģʱ򴬾Ͳ׽ˣԬ޾ݴӪи·ȻõԬ߿в½ͤؾҲڿһնء
½׺һյƣִԱߵľƺﵹһ롣
ϸ΢ľٶļ˿ˣĿ㶼˹
˵ʵЩƽ
½½ãʹҲû˵һλ佫
ıԣʱҲܺزѵⶼ˹Ŀ࿴ҲÿԽһЩ
սһ¡
Ź֮ƣıܳ£ԭİӦ
ǸǳıϷһıǼնҪΪ浶ǹĲɱصסµģģĶ㻹Ҫлȥõ
¹ԭЩÿһɱУڷΪȨһҵ
½ԭʲôġ
ʱŮҲŮϵͳӱͬԬܴ̣һˡ
ôסͤأ½Ȼе̵ı£ҲãЩŮҲã޷ԬµľⰡ
ǬܲȷʹĪǡųн˧֮ţ
λΧ۹Ųѩ̵ѵõسĬˡ
ŷɵתųЦ
½УξΪأ
½׿ųתͷŷɡ
ǱȲҰ梵ġ΢Ц˵
ȻĪ˵λǷԭʱҲеڶս½佫
ּ˵ȥˡ
ҵʿ˵Ǳȵùġ
ææµµһҲûЪϢ
ָ޲ǽԼҲľĺһζε¹ǣ
ǵ˻ˣһʧȥۣͬæüʱҲ˲˵Ҵһ֮߿ˣ
Ҳû˼úһٷˣҲڷҧһӲĹͷŰİӷ
ڰͬ۵ʬʱҲ
Ϣʱһˣֻкܿģ˷
ݵʤǿԿ޵ģݾ컹ǻüӰѾ
һ֮̽󣬡ʹ½УξҪʲôͣ
ʵЩ΢ΪӵĻᡰҪ͡
Ǻλã׺ȻԼҪ͡ǵʵȻһҲûʲôס
½׻Ȼˡ
ȷʵҪʲôġ
ԣ΢΢Цˣ¼ӸʲôͣҾΪҵĽʿʲô͡
͵һջҪһȣϾ÷ǳߡ
ѾܲٸϳݣһǼӪկǰֱսдŻȥԹ˵ݵĵ̫ӣˮ̫࣬ϵֺܲϣʹСʵˮˣ
Ȼʱûܸɵ½ѾҪɵˣѾ;ĩ·ˣ
ͳȥʱû˵󻰡
½ͣڹٶɣԼǧʿڳѾ˲ˡ
һ
ЩӪկͣ½Ųûеõ׼˻ǵ취
½²նԴȻÿԴѵһʱ𡪡Խ˾ڣΪжһ޶֮ˣ
ʱȫٻʷһʱʣһˣ
ӱı֮ʿһʱЩźԶڳ͸øϽȥαطҪ׷Ұսдأ
ʱѾǴˡ
½㻹֪̬һʤʲô仯Լÿ춼æ
붬ˮŽɺԣԵĶ٣ֻҪкݣоٶҲӡ
ҪһƻƿЩӪկڴ̫ʷ֮ǰͻϮ
ڶǰ跨Щܲӹݱ߾ǼȻǣҲݰˡ
ԥͳȺķʽһ
ȽЩ͵ؽɢÿ˸һףسӪһŲʡ
һݱ֪ˣǹԾûȥӸ˵Ĵׯ˻ЩׯҪҪ﹤ȥʸЩҪҪ͡ׯûʲôӶ﹤ģҺǿǴ˼ٸǿ׳ʵЩĽ
ʣ´ĽôԶˣҹ˾·췹ȡůߣ˾ͼߡ
Ǿݵķߣܿɢˣ಻ʮˣٲˡϾǶ׳ӣһܲϮǣۼһֺѻóʳ
Щ֪ʶݱ·
һЩ˽ʱȻɧ
С½ģµҲ˰ɣ
ǿԴŵǰһ·һˮȣּԵģ
ЩƺεĳҲȣǺдǣһһªĸúһ½Ķ塣
Щݱ˺ҲܸжЩ㶯ģܸܲŽҲУҲ֣Ҫһͣٹʱǲ˵ȥҲйˣ
һЩ˵½Ҳʼδġ
ҲɢЩңЩЩɧ߹ˮѡһȽϸˬʵ·Ҳ˼½ͷź󣬽ˡ
˵ǲ½ֵܳĵطҪиƾɵһٷԵĵطҲԸⰲȵ
һ·һֹʱ·ͷ̳
·ԿЩԼ˼ʺЩߣҲʺߡ
һˡ
һ˶ף˶˿µս׳
ĶҲȻһɲͬѰİ
Ԭıʶֵݱж˳һλվϵĽ
ԭӦöģԬıϲǰˣ
ıһأܹԬƣǱضҲһʳ
Ǻˣ
˼һӸµغʡ
ЩݱæȥػǶǲܹı䣡ȥ½սˡ
мӵһ佫̧Ƥһǡ
Щ·ļһ

ɱˣ˵ʡȥΪ½ͨ籨š


464 
ЩݱմܶѪ
ǸܲٵĽŲ¾ʱ,ʮ޸ȮǸ״ӳȴʲôû¡
Ϊôǡˡأ
̵ʱ,ǶѾű죬Լѹʾ,ͬ,㲻˵ġЩƽô,ǿҰҰûʲô
˵ǶʱȻ졢־塢,ҲûʲôŭֲɱѾΪβʲ塣
֮ǵˣ羭ԭϵҰһƬƬص¡
Ѫʪȹʱ,һںɫӡ
Ϊ׵佫һ,ü
йԾʿʬ嶼ӵ·ȥˡ
ǰн,ֻƬ̣Ҳ㲻ǵ
֮ǰ֮·϶˲ݱ,ҲõģЩоЧʻɱ˵Чʶ൱ɫ,ˮлǰеݱ޴ӵ֪һȺ֮͡
ǵʬպ½ĳֵģʹ֪ɱпо·ˡҲͨ佫Ĺò,ǻ,֧ѾҲ޼ɵɱֵĲб
ʱѾ½Ӫկܽˡ
ԭһбˣֻ齾ݿЩ,鲻,޷ֻԴͷЩʲôʱ,ĽݿͻΪ˶˵Ĳб
䣬־ҪòбйһµԴͷʵжյ롣
ڳдϭĸһʹ֮ӵ֣ó͢ٵĹĻػȺԱ˵ıʿǣ屻ˡ֪Ǻľɲ£һƽָ͢ϿɵļͳһֱǺ𥣬ʹˣҲĲ̳УǷԬܡ
ھ˵ʲôأΪѪҲΪԬȷʵż²ӣһ㣬ȷʵ
͢˵ҲǿսŸģĹʲô
ΪҶװںˣװԱ䵽£Ͷе˰ɣ
ʮֿλñѾһˣ
ǧݱټԼĲȥ½ʱһͳˣһҪǸɱС˵Դ˿һģ͢ƽΪʲôԵʣΪֵã
û½Ҳ÷ˣ
Դúóڲϵ½㲢ûʶӪô˶ŨȤڴʱһڿƽƽĴʱҲһ
ż˾ܲ·ʱε
˾ֿܲʼƽˡ
ɵҲرƽǼǸԶʳϰߣҶһ뷹һײʱܴʲôζ
ҿҹӣõԼǮҲƽһѣ˵ʲô
ԵͲϸˡ
һرţĳֻùˮʱһСĵ˾ܲǲС
뽫ʿͬʿ࣬λСɾǸ¯ʱҲûʲôãкڿｻ棬һҲ°
ʲôС̸˰˶ȣǽġ
ﵽſڣ̽ͷڰ֣ˣû£û¡
漰ԭǰ£һֱһ޺ġ
ôɣ̫
СС嶼еߣСֻ۾׼˵Ӿر𼤶ʲô۸˵ģ
½ܿʶˡ
ķеС⣬Ҳ֪ǡɻ˾ܲȱ£ҵĳʲôƮ˼ҽϳʲô
ԵҲǴһƯҶĲ
ӣأ׷ŸڲǿʱСС쳤˲ȥ
һ紵ڿܷʵĶǸ֬ڻˡ
Ҳ֪ȺԶԷˣôߣҪµ˼вͣҪζƮ
һ£ʧˡ
̫
С½Ҳôһ䡣
˵֮ӳ㣬Ӿ縹ģϵҪǴúãʷϻпˮġ
вͨˡ
ɳһӪҪûʲô仯˳Ҳһ㶫С
ԬܽܲȥҵϢѾˡ
ݾɢˣܲҲֻʣǧಿϱĵĿ㣬£Ҫôܻʦôܹ۲ǣǽԬܵɵ
·ܲߣ䣬ƬˮҲ˱仯ˮˮλ½ģŢеҲ֮ǰһЩ
Ĵÿһ춼µĵ·оǷر
Ϣʱġ
ֻδİϣȻеˣǲúʵ
ȥš
ǲˡԥ˵
ΪΣ
ҳԵöأſӶֻ֣⡭
Ӫ⿾ģ˵˼
½һڿˮ
²ԣҲ޷˵ˣһҲס
ϽӶ˽ȥ۹۱Ǳǹۿڿڹģӵӵƺ
ǲеš
ԣмݾҶ
˾ܲҲˣԿСˡ
񡣡˾ܲ˵һ䡣
ͳ죿˸ʵʵ⡣
ƽ塣
ƽͷθһ£˾ֿܲˡ
֮¡
Ϊս֮ɲһ£ͨǼս빫ﲮսڽʱΪȵǣ湦
ȻֻǽһֻͻȻճһȭͷ
½˼·һȥˡ
ǼˣʣǼ˴̵صʲô
һ࣬˼һ
Ǽ͡
Ҫʼ˵ȻҴҵĽŲ
˽УξѺݣʮﴦΪоƣ
һվȻأô
в֪ʮͻΧ򽫾ţ
̫
½һ䣬һԵıժԼ彣׼ܣ˾ܲûסһżװ
ƴ̤Ҳˡ
ûüж׵ɽŲͲôæˣ˾ܲļ
ƽʱףǸʿǿġ
оѾ˼ٵĽʿҴææܳٴ̵ȻӪʼæµ
˾ܲգգۣЩ㶡
ȷףɳǶϷƴɱ
ЩĻеֵĿһ¡ƴɱ


465 
콫ˡ
ԶɽԭǳĿݻ,ģ͸īɫֻ̣ʱ,һɽͶȾ˽죬ǻĽУʵĹ⻪
ĨҲȥ,ɽһͬϦ׹볾
߶˵롤,̾Ϣ˾׽˽̸
û˲ݴеУû^䲻ĻôʱҪһ
һԵøӼžˡ
ĬĬעΪױ˵ױʵҲۣһ𳤴ͣһ·ˡ
Ǹױ˱أͷƤһС,ͷѪ,ϸҰ֮Ѫϸн˻Եɲ
ڿޡ
ΪԼ,Ϊԡ
СɾܹĿ࣬,ʹҲ,ʹɾյأ
첲ʵѪ,˿ڲ󣬵ȷ۵
Ǵ˼׵ģҲǱֻסļף֫סףо֣Ѱıв˵
ȺͻȻļǳо飬ǼȻãҲỻ쯣Ƕ⣬ȻпգȴͭƳɣޱȣʱֻҪôһɨΧ˾ͱշˡ
ԭҲҪɵģ濴׼ģ໤ˣͭɨʱûؿڣֻݺݵļ
һ֮ʱͱúģˡ
ǳӣȻ̵ܽúϣҲ£ѣСܹصҲʱ̰治飬үһ٣ʱҲпԭġ
Ȼױ͸ˣһ쯣˵ǸҲܲס
۵ÿҪιȥſ˵˵ģ뷢Ҳ
ȻеԼһûˡ
ĿڱǲڣƺϾҪˡ
ǰӰӰ´µģܵҲÿտ̻û꣬ԮûϵһŬǿڱĿսгθȻױĲ£һְֻΡʲô
Уξ£Уξ£
Щ绳棬ͷѪʿתͷķ򣬶ĵתͷȥս
УξûǵҲûе
ڽǿˣǰһڹһ󣬵ǽǾ仰ˣ
ԮǣС½㵽ˣ
ӳԴʱһƬɱв߿Χױ̸ӽˮеʯӣһһصˡ
еľˣȴǸ½Ӫկķ򶼲ȥһۡ
ֻЦһЦＫˡ
½ǺܿͻᵽģˣҲ޿κεġ
Щȥʱɱ˴룬Ҳܳɹţʹ½յţʮҲҪʱܸϵ
ʱͺˡ
С½СǻɾͻΧɾ
һģЦǵʲôҼ꣬һܽʱҲվܹģվҰԱߣ
ˣʹΪǲɾˣģ
һɧЦݾ͵ˡ
ʹԼðʸʯΪβܣü۴ǵ˰µģ֪ô
СȻе㲻ޣϾ΢ɾ
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Էһֻ۾绳ĳϡ
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ԶڵϣǳӶЩϱһ̱ʿϮһҽҲûܷ͵ˡԽԽҲԽԽܼҵǸϮĶ
𣡡ǽŵ
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˵Ŀ⴩˻ҹʿ˾λá
۾ںҹƺ⡣


466 
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ǰն˲Ҫ󣬺˶ǰļںĻ£ҴҶС
Щʿҹڻ,һЩıӪ,ûһ̵ķ,Ҳûһ̵͡
һһ,߹Ұ,Ȼ߹,Ȼ󴩹
ǳǳˮ,Ĺ,Ųһ¾Ƭ,ڻŬػһΣγǿա
ҹоǺܼɻġ
ʱʲôɻ䣬Ĳºӣ֪ļɻ͸,Щĵ۾,Զǵİ׻,˵ڴСӸҹ·ʱһ·߰,ôҲ߲ͷ,ŷһһҹ
˹еģҲеģҹ·е,˻ĵ,·߶ǳǳ̶,ˤһӵȥ,˵Ҫûˡ
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ΪǰǵĽ
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ͺ֣Ȼǰ·ҲֻԲʮߣǵǿ
ױԽԽĵشȥˡ
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շ֪½䣬ȷھ£

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ÿһڵϣضƺһ£
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ݾӦ
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ǱѾѺ۵ĳһµϣһӭȥ


467 
ⲻǵ,Ⱥܡ
ʱȻһȺױ
⽥ʢˣǲѵĹ,ǾͬʱսʤԺ½,ҽݺܲ,һѻ͵ˡ
ǱԽ,ľ񱻻ıʿͲҪ˴,ȥ˴͡
½˳Ե
ȫµͬʱǱײ,һ
ܴ,Ӷһʮֵȴûܽδ϶׺ݵϾ¶һ˿
һ˿¶Ŀյ,½Ľջִ˳ȥ
Ľֻвһʱһ߿ƺշ˹,ݺݵ
㿪Ƶһ˲,Ҳ㹻彫ŭ,߼¸˳ȥ
Ӱ,,,ⳡս
½㲻ͬ,ɳƴɱʱ,ϰߴĲ,ս˫ɱƴʱĬ̾ɱһࡣ
Ļս뿪ףǿͶꪡ
彫ꪴ׽ס˱УƺϵƮƮһӣ͸ųһ˰У
ƫƫʱģҲֹһɣ֣ڵ³ȥʱѾ£
ڽԼױ䣬ͷһμսһֻ޴򼣬ǧǧŶֻΪһӷ񡪡Ǿ˶սˮƽ
Ѿݲϸ˼ֻرܿױѾΡµꪣ
Ǻᡣ
мɱЩףѾѸƶµսƻ
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ҪӣˣҪҸطһȻ¼ս
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¶ϺʿǾԼĲûм״̬±²ġ
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Ȼ䣬Ȼ޷رһ̴ˣǵҲˣֻܱŰ̧ߡ
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ҲЩǵҲĹ֣ܲ뼢ٵľء
ʱʱȥ˵ɫ԰׵ȫʧȥ֪ЩݾҧгҪһνն½ͷ­ΪǵĽ
ʹˮӪկʱҲ߶ƽ˺ΧһЩѰ¡
оʱеӵʿӦܿ
һΣûʿϡ
ЩΪƺƣںʿϢʧˡ
Ҳ·ˣҪתܳտʼôġ
ӵʿһûͺܲѰˡ
ˮڵˣľһƬһƬСĵ߹
һһ֮侲ػ
˵ڶ죬ǵľϾͶЩݹĶʹıкס
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ʿȥʱֻҪһ䵥ģ֪ʧˡ
Ǹʿֻжʮ꣬ĿӢ
·֮󣬿ߴȳƵ壬͸Ƶһöˡ
ǻؽӽ̶
ȥһĹͲˡ
ûϡ
ݹ᾵Χ̶ϣôؿһݶûðཬ
һġ
С½ΪС



468 
е,Ա˵ͦѺá
û䵽ָֺӬҲ,˵ֵطܲϸ,ֻҪѬһѬϯġ
Ϊһҳľ,ԱһԱöˣоϣ̺,ϱྻϸ
½㻹û񣬾ŵһŨļ
ǵúܾǰԪһʹ۲ʱһ·ϴŸʳģһҲίԼķ
λʸ־ԼԳ˼,˵ͣˣԺճֻԵ߲ˣѺˮϺ͵ˮϺһˡ
ͺܻɳµûĺ
ȻܸɣڼʱҲǰܺ,ʳס𣬱ͷ֮ҲֻϷ
λ¼ϣ۰򱻰ʵ,һֻ첲ŬҨ
е̡˵
ɾˣ˺Щɾĵغһװɣ
Ʋ졣
ִԱȡ˸ϻ,ɾһ۽
½ûʱЩһӾʧˡ
ӹΣ
ԺǸ,е,ϽƸۣ޴ʱΪЧ
Ͻ֣㽫ݿúܺãǳ˺ܴˣӪʳסнʮּªȱǷøҡ
˵Ц˴вָָ֮Ũʮ»ͷһγ˴ġ
ǵлִдϵ´ߣԳԵ뼦ȻյҰ֮Сģе֡
⣿ʡ
˾ٴģۺ̾һ䣬һλĺɾ
Ͳµˡ
ٿԣԺȻˣʵ³ĺǰ
첱ȥ
е
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Աʱþܹˡ
ߵĶʣ߰˸С
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һÿһ϶ǻϲõģϲﻹڴ̿֡
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ʿʿĵȼͬҲͬоʿǰȵǲͬ±оֲͬ
ʿУѡʿͬġ
ǵȻñѡΪȵǻѡ棬ȻҪսõϸǿ鳤ʲȻʣϽҪһЩ֪ʶһζˣͻӣ׼ߵ
Щʿƽʱվڷڣսʱս֮⣬ѧЩ֪ʶʱҪǼѧģпܼȥһ٣Ǿ׼м٣ǭʿ˵żˡ
츳ûѧϰϣҲ׼һ·Ͽ񱼵Ҳ԰״ڽߣƽʱĻʳױǺõĲ˵нˮҲҪ߳һأĸ
ǿǽߵױʲôǸҲأÿÿ˼ʱȫ˶޲ܵηһС½̵Щ棬е뿴һΪ޶СЩʲôϡ
ǿٴ˿ˮҪỬ
ǿǲܲӪнɻţǴ
ǸǸ
ŶǸԼҸ˴ǸǸõģװӵģ
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½㿴һϸ롣
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Ӫеȷʵ
ҪԵõģһǧ˻˾ǧıʤֲ࣬ߣȷֵףһǴݹģѾغܾˣӦһԼθ
֮⣬ǻиֵ¡
ʿ˼ݾףЩ׺ͱҪͳһ棬˽ģл֮ҲԼļжˣ¼Լһͼɼ׽ȥŪ¡
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壡
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䡣
תȥʱС۵Ļת˸䡣
޵У
ԣ죡
˵𣿡ֹǰʱ˿۾Źģ
˵Ϻ϶ëëˣ
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װɶҲû
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أаһս֮˵δ֪ںδ
ǼӪկȥϳɳأ˼ˮиӣսС
˱аմ˼ݾױӪǰ
˶׼ߣֻ˾ܲжȱ˳ٶôŷһȻϵġ
׹ϡ棬䵥ģƹصʿڳ·ϣ·ʬ壬κһսе
Ӫǰ˰ףһѳ̲һĵǹꪣôֱضһѸɲһ㡣
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˽ԶΪ
׺ȺƵʲһصͷΪǸԸɾЩĺǾȵش֣ƺ˵Щʲô
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СǲҪ͡˸Ͻ£˸ͷ
˾ܲƷˡ
ûںѵ飬ǿ
ȷʵãǸ˵ȽӪеĺá
㶵صͷ
Сǽ͹ˣ̧ͷЩףǸϳȥ
ڴͬЩɵˣһ


469 
Ӫ,Щݾǿؿľһ׵ľӪﳱʵ̫,Ǹ죬峿ʱͲҪ¶һˮ,Ȼ¹һꡣ
ǵ·Ҳʪ･ùζ,ǶǼˣƽʱϰ˸ˬ,˾ҪƵ𣬿·
ôɲأʪḷ̌Ǻ
ʿˣ˾ͻӣӾͻʧ١
˭Ҳҵò,Ҳ߲ҲһͷԽ,ҲŻᱻͬ·ϡ
Ұ˰ҪңһҸʹ졣
ģǳ˰
мʶĹ̷,ǲЩܰˣ½ӲﻻЩʳ˲Ŷǵıʿ֣
Ǿ⻰ҪЦˡ
ͳĿ׳ļݾʲôܸҶ֣
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ıʱ,ԮѾúܽˡ
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ɾǲ˵ġ
һ㶣˵ЩʲôʱǰʿȻͣˡ

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Ѿڼݾڣǰȫġ
ЩĿ׳ƺӰߣ˰أܣҲǲСġ
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ԳǸҺԬرأҪ֪Ϯȡ̸ף
ڽ뼽ݺ󣬶ݵռһһʱ䣬ǿһ֧Сģķ˿ܣسǣ˼ȻûģĿҲûٹˡ
Ҳ֣ΪȻûʼһ֧еľ̾ᣬԬôأ
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½ߵ佫У̫á
ϾѪСһе̫ţھϽһΣҾӡˡ
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ǵġʷֻ½ߵԬͷβѹûùϢأ


472 
ѾЩû,ǳǽš
κһССͻȻί,ǻŵġ
뿴ͬŻۺĴжڰȥλأ
ǻǷ򣬴ʼ,ɳ,Ȣ˭Ҹֽʲô,ЩĹʲô覴ãʲô©ʲôó갷һĺûУ
˷ʥͣŶһϾҵСëҵȥ껹иǳɵĵط
A᷽,AɱᷣȥͶˣڱᵽ,зݱԵʡ
ôģ뷱ûйأ
СԼؾ,ԭ޷еػ,вפڴˡһЩٺòˡ
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ǵʬ廹ĴҲпܣ˵Ǻˡ
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˵ڵȥǵһûеõʲôõĴ𸴡
ΪȥĲԼţǵĹ
Ǽ˷֮󣬶õһݺԶǽ±ȥܻõĽͣԼпܳеķաȻǰΪ֮ˣλϵôǢʹҲһǲ𰡣
AǱټģҲǱټİ
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ЩҪǻìܵģ˵ڵ˼Ȼóţô޲ݶôƽ·أ
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·ɾƽԵķҲ㣬ϵ˴ſڱ·໥кʱʹǲʶֵǭҲ
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ʮַĹ涨ǵ˶ҪǼǵʮϸֹϸʲôĽǣֲǳеܿӵ˳⡣
˳ǰʱܲͬѰ
һ˵ǳصıӦڳڣǳ⣬ĳǳء
кüӪ
ЩӪҲܹ졣
˵ǾӪ˵ļҹǲΣդͼûǳȥвۣвòŮؽ롣
ЩģһӪկܿģЩģСһӪկҲʲôġ
ӪĳڸСת˼ȦҲ󱨸˸˳
ǲ̫ף˳룬Щɢ˽ǿһ¡
ӪЯʵûвʶ˿
ûС
أ
ҲûС
״Ľʵǿ״ľٴҲǿ
Ĭˣĵ̧ͷĽ
һ˼ۣԭǺɫģºʹ͸ģЩ꣬ɫÿҪɫ󣬵漸ƶúɫĲϲȥһȥǵѪ
վϵļƬײ
ȻЩƾɣȴΪ̣ˮսʱ޿̲ڸʴÿж׺ϸʼձŻ״̬
ʹϸƬҲ˲̶ͬȵİеĲкۡ
ǵĽҲûӰ𪿡ӡ
ɫڣϴݺӵ˰̣Լŵļӡ
ôǸսˣֻ̰ͼֵӽȻͬԽ£Ӫ͸¶ʡ
αװͺܲס
˳ƺ̾һ

Ӫпɴͩɲ񣿡
ͻȻӣУ
ɫϦƬƽԭϣǳȾһĨɫʡ
и˱һ߽ǣҲιģҲ֯ϯģܹǺҪĲϣŶվڳŴȴһʺͼ顣
й˳˳ӳǳꢳﻹŮӵĵЦ
ῡԼǣǼһλŻ꣬ҲһƥͨûһëĿƺһƥ̫ζɫдʱдڷҲƮ·һʺ硣
Ӫʿ㶵ؿһĻôϵֶϣ߹ҵôأ˵̣·Ҳɰ
ɻܿõ˴𰸣Ǹʱ˶Ϊ·ˡ
ǵȷǸüĿ续˸е̾꣬Ӫʿûйעһ㡣
Զ·ڳ¥ϵؾǵĶ򣬲ҪµؾǰʱǵĽŲˣ
Ǽʮһȣ嵽˳£֮Щûü£ؾ߿
ƾ߰˹һسǣܲףûյеоľ棬ؾиԼΧЩɢӪկһαװǵԽӽǳء
ҲĽǹֻҪڳŴһѻҪлĻͳȥյߣ
һ֧ɱڵıųгȥȻ˾춯صĺ
Ȼ˳ȫû뵽Ļ淢ˡ
ϳŶʱ˴ظ˳
ǱضǷΪ߲ʹУҲװ硣
Щÿһ˶ſƲõףÿһⶼŲʺһѤõĽۣÿһ˶һƥûëս
ΪæûдͷͷϾȻ׺λ
һȺ˴ӵһܳ󻹸ǸʳʱһƬʯĹâϹ˳۾ҲϹ˸˳һȺʿ۾
һƬ⻪Уºȥݣ췹Ե佫ǰмǸ˸ϳˡ
Ϊӱ¾֮еԬϣһİȷʵôŻӳǵġ
ڸ˳ʱΪʲôûܽԬ£ɵΪһ¡
ң˵Ҳ벻ġ


473 
ҳһƬ
Ĵ,Ϊû׷ǵԵʣܿˡ
ֹһĵشӷǰݺ̽Դ⿴
һͨǼС,ӻûͱĸ׺ݺݵؾ˻ȥ
ֹһ,ĸ׿,Ƚǽϸ,һ,һ߻ʹɫ
ܹȥ,ܹȥˡ
ǲȥˣ
ŶϣҪ£
ˣͷ£

ϻǸὫ,Ǽʮ£ײ,Ҳû
ʲôɱͷĻɲ˵
ѽѽˣ
ƹƹҵģеײǹڵϵ,кܲ
Ƭֶ֮ݵؾˡ
ȵ̽ͷ,ŽŲԶȥķʱϼϿյĻ⽻֯һ𣬵ȼƬա
ǼһںܶСӹöǡ
ڵжؾ,˳ʵǲġ
һԹ,Ϊǧ,ԼȽҲ֧ؾս׼
ڼԬ,ԭΪԼ뷨شڵؾضԶġ
һ·ϾȻû谭ֵǷԭؾ,ˣһ
ܿʶôˡ
֧ΪԬܵն˻ңԬˣҲŴӳŴܳȥˡ
Ҫ˺ܾãǰ
ֱĶҸĶ൱ֵƽϸߣؽѽǵĲǵݣש߷ⶥ
һƬǶߣʮʯ˵½һ֧Ҳ㹻һˡ
ƫʿ֣æʣǰЩ𣿡
ǰöҲߡ˳˵ѣդһ˱ߡ

Ҷ࣬ҪȫվҪģҪռסԭ˳ģҲôƶġ
ôҲûͬʿϸ˵
⸽˻𣬡ظһ飬̾ߡ
ԽԽ󣬺ܿŨ̳˳ǣ죬Ϧİա
Ļ⣬ӲղԬ
λѾˣ̴Ϊһȥ΢Ϣһʱü׺ݵ̬ȸϿˡ
Ԭһʿ֮ˣԼ֮кƢЩһ
ŭˣ룬Ҳ̫ˣǷǰаοҲˣ˵⸽еڣʲôһ·֪
˽ﲢûгܾãǵؾܳؽͷܵԬܵǰعڵأʾһ˵Ϣ̸ҪİȫʱλһžͽǸؽߵһߣΡ˽
һȺ˷ӵϣȰסˡ
ݣݣԬָԶķƿڴǱ٣ͷã
ؽײײܳȥˣܵúܿ죬Ӷײ˱ŲЩҲڱˣǾͳϦеߡ
ÿһ˶ǿģЩ¹ڲȻûֳʱ䣬ôֻ£мŮ˷Σ˲˳ܹģܵſԬܵĽűһôҲ
Զ׼˻ԽԽ࣬Ǿǵĵġ
Ԭ͵͵˸һۡ
ѾӻˣĸҲˡ
һϦĹӢϣؽޱߵͬԬмǸӢۺ޲ˡ
վѾǸӢˡ
ԬϵĻںʹߵĶӣĿŭΪЩְأĵСˣΪոģԼɱѡ
ߵ˽һ֧֧ڳһƬԭϣԶˮ϶еǻ𽥽£ƺڵȴ˴ǡ
Ԭһ
̻طǰӵ׼ն˸ң
ںˡ
ڸÿһ·ϣ˵Żѣҹо
ǺƺƵȥģ·ģƳģϳģ˳ģܣࡣ
ȻִӷǳˣһȺˣϣŻѣĴ
䶼ежܣЩ׵۾͸һ׺ݣµ۾͸һи
ˣҲ䣬ʱʺůҲУǶ֮һȺĻӣϨҲҪϸɲݣؾ˯һ
˳ʿҲôġ
û꣬׼ȷ˵˸ͷǾܳˡ
ûȥظЩҪ̳ǡⳡ̶еʧġ
±ܷ紦ĸɲݴƽ໥ȡůʱֽ˽
ûдܳǵвıġ
˵Ҳûʲô𣡾ͺȫݣȫӱıˣһԵؿ񱼻طˣ
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лԶԶһӱ
ˡ
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ʱһ˳ûЦ϶඼ƵģΪ̫ܵɢܣ޵ҲУ͡
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ǣһĹͣӱ֧ûҵ֮⣬ûеоˣ
ϢԬܵɫ΢תһ
ıʿҲ̴һҪͨȴҪȥôͱ
֮⣬ԬָָǷݽݱл˵ץЩŪٵĹ٣б˽ңҼݶ֮񣬹֮գΪʱøȡǣ
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ԶĹͣͼ·Ϊ˸̨£ЩҲ㲻ʲô
͵͵תͷĿǲ
ͼװʲôû
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Զ̰ưˣһƬģЩǮ㲻ʲôͼؼȰ⣬ֻҪһӱҡ
ըˡ
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ͼƳһ״ԬܺСӣȻ̾һ
Ī˺ۣ֮һֻ֣ذһڣʱҲװУλԽ
Ԭܵ۾Ȼ΢΢һ¡
ۣܲͼע⵽ˡ


474 
Ԭ,ıʿһԲؾ,˳ҲЩùĹٴȥʱȻֻһڷ
һ·һ֮ǰɫȻͬ·ܳʱһī,ھͻһ,üֱҪЩܲĻ䶼յһ㡣
ǱϾղ,ڻسһƬǽ·ϿˣڽڵϿ,˵۾￴ˡ
Ǽʮ,֧ĵܵòӰ,һſͷϴĳ裬ֻһ,Ҫôˡ
ʣı,һһ佫,ܹɱԬһܳһġ
Ҳ֤ģֻ֤Ҫͳǰ߻ݱƵҲᰲʯ
һѻ˵ʯԬһ
½ס,ȻûԿҲûпͻ䣬ĶȻԿƺ,ݵݺͱ޷ͨнڻƺϡ
ܴ裡
Щ߻ѹУԽԽŭҺܿҵҪΪ֮۵Ǹˡ
Ϊ
ͼһߵˣܿͽյɫٴذ̾һ
ҳҲ޲ӲТ֮°ҲδؾԶ֮
Ԭֺܵһ㡣
ԵɫҲ̫ˡ
⵱Ȼҳз֮ܣ϶Ҳ뿴ġ
Ԭܵ׻ǸܿʵˣܲԼĳ̫̣ҲΪ˼󹦣ıʿǵĻһȥԬҲ˳Ǹ򿪿ˡ
ˣͷȥһɡ
ʺ񣡡˸ͷ俴⣬Ҳӡ
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Ϣһǵ̾ըˣ
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ʿ˺ȻһŸǣϳۣˮ˱£˻ﴧЩҩվ롣
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ϰΧ˵ţ˰ʯͷϲȣ˸ɴԼ𷭹ϧһžͲȷˣˤҲֻˤϡ
ͬϵģ˼ҷó˸ģبŲĻϸТȥڸ׵Ĳϣ쳤Լȥһ߿һת
ſſˣ
Ȼأ
ܳˣ
ͯµʱ򣬴һһоﴫܲİ
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ۣ
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˱һ׵Ĺһӳϣʿ̽ˣСֿһȺҲȻŶ˶ѽȥ
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ȺһƬлдڵģģкõģġ
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Уô򣡡ںʹ£꣡
û꣡
Ҫǲܶ£ץ˳ҲУ
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ԣɽصǵĴϣûԩģ
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ڴæϵʱľһĻ
ļӴλϸʱڲйĿ־˿Ȼûˡ
ȥץס˵ļ򣬺֧ԼҪ£ˣȥ

ȥͬϡڵĻ˵ȥˡ
ǰͳ̣ôںĵץҵ˰㣡㣡ǣЩ˶ְѵǳԵĵ𣿣
Ȼÿһ˶ס
ףҲףЩ˵ʿҲףܲһӶԡ
Ծֻʣһ·취Ϣ
ȺȻһ󻶺
һ
˸
ǸҲɣǸҵʮɣڳ񱼣ʮˣ
Ǽķǣȸոдһš
ȥؿǣʼ˿ûմȾī㣬ǰǰ󣬷ؿ⼫ˡ
֣֣ĬĬ˵䲻Ϊгˣã㴦


475 
ҵˣ
ʿĿ֮,ǱرϳլۡڵأֻšֵֶͷѪ,һϢʱ,Ÿոմլۡ
ȷҪһʱģΪҲ󲻵жٲҪ㡪ôĲһһ,һһ鱦Ǯɽһ,ضڿⷿĽ,ҵ˶мȥȡá
ӡǵЩ,ʲݵض棡
ԭ;нʿģ
,Ѿװһ֧ˣ
ȾŭҪݺݵطһͨ,աɡҴϵ¶ץʱʿŻŵ˽
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Щ˻ûоһ,Ҫ˰
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ҪһȰ裬ҪϲǵʿҪϢϢôܱأ
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Զݼ˱ȥɴãҲܸ̣
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ǰ·ǿɼģҲƱ˺ܿҪˡ
ʵʵػȥڽѡδʱһ󹦣ǻһģҲܺ԰
ļˣܵ裬
һ۾ܿüѰǧѣ𣿣
Ĺѣ

ңСһ䣬Ҹ
Ԭµǰ·һۿüģѾ꣬㽫Ŀתڶ·
ҪͶǺܲ׵ġ
ݾļҾ춼ںӱͶǲܵģ޾飬ȻͨݾԸһǲ㹻Ϊµһ˵ġ
óʲô涫룬ܹһٵ춨ʤ֡
ˣ취Ʋˡ
½İҲ˺üţݴͬС졪ҩ衣
Щŷֱڴ޵ģڳﱸģԼɵúƽ⵽鱨·ӵ˾ܲġ
Ǳ͵ǵڶ͹ġ
Щ֮ȥͼ˰ܾòԾɵ⼸ţһš
еʲôζûУֻлҳеϴһī֭ζеϲһܵ㣬ǿѬġ
ЩŵϢǺϤֱһ⣬ϸţŵ˺Ϥζ
˾ܲʱľһĻ
˵λţűӣɵȥ
˭أ


476 
½Ƿŷ,Σһ
ԾǺܸԷ˵ģ˶Է֮һƺܶҾ,Ȼؾ£ͺոһĻѹû

ûס,Լ֡
ζ,΢˵ǴûѬʿ˵ϢȦϢܻһ,Դͬһ¡
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ţţѰ,һΣ
˾ܲһ£תͷһ,,ȴô𣿡
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ǵһԼ˼,ȡ۲,²,ٳʱ,Ԭ𡣡
أ
Ǹ̰С,ȴ˾ܲһ,طӱΪϲߡ
̲أ
Ķɺӵġ
黹û´Ͱźг̣гҲûе
Ķܳǧ֮ڣжĲҲǾõս
ЩСĵؿԼװꢳ֧䲻Ǻܶ࣬Ƶϱǿ׳ģͬһĲʺ硣
ʿǴŻɫ·˻ҲۣϵҲͲסԼһ
ԶԶȥһ֧洦ɼģĳȫҳӵģɫҴңǱܲһſ磬ȷ˵ġ
·ߵֺܿ죬ûͣϢʱÿͷҲͱһͣҹʱӲŻͣ£æˮ׺̲ɺҰһ࣬ȹ֮ƣ˯¡
õڶҲһηֻҪǰһ̵˿飬װչҲУڲҲɣֱţһ߳һ߸·ǡ
ǾͣŻƺӣһ·ʵúܣ˲գСԲͱС
ɫƣ۾Ҳɫ۴ڿĿİĳһһ죬³ʱҲᶯҪĵ߽
һҲп࣬ݶͺߵ
·ǻǲ⡣
ΪҪа
һѵģֻһ˻ȥ
Ȼأ

ʵôȥѰ
䣬гҴææ
һոСУξˣ
ϵһսˣô˵
ֻ˵ȥͶ׵ļˣ˵ѧݻҲģ
ͷ˹ȥӦһ
ŻЩףСУξ͹ٵġ
Ȼֽͷת˻׺ݵصһۡ
У
۲ǵԬܱˣСУξĹԴڡׯҳϣ۲ǵǴڣСУξĹԴھƷľ⣻Ϊʲôأ
ȲľҲûʲôƷֵ𾴡
Ȼſʱſ񣬵ʱǽԼȥһһпú
Щ͵ӵֻܻΪǸλϣΪŪսˣ
ߵϢҪ˶þͱ۲֪ˣ̴ݣҲͳ˧ӷǻʲôɴץͻغӱǴһģ
뵽ֻ־ر
Ϊ龫ǣӪկ飬鲼ݸͨҪ
ԭҪ½ģӪկ͵۾ֻҪ½ˮıȥģжˣӺδͶˣЩӱҳĶΪԼ棬Ȼ
úģЩӪկһ˫˫۾ҪδЩӪկװУʱ·ʮȡ
һͤҲȡɲǼݣݣ˭֪жСڲܰģ
ңȫıϣͷȴҪ̾£·ӣ
úģ
ɺ̾ȼһɻ룬ҪѰһ·ĵӳһƬӪկ⣬ҪΪԼͶıһ£֪һ˱˵Ϊӷģ
ƺӱߵİѾߵòˡ
ľӪʿֻһѣȴҪ벻ƬģͺҰģ۵ķ㣬˲ݵĻûݵģ˵Ļûģƺ˾ռˡ
ǳĿĵطۼźˮҪˣⳡսûнҪӭһµҶȡ
ûĸо
̫ͬʷȶţֻأ̫ʷҲûʲô취ֻڹٶɺš
һʿǵӾͺܺùˡ
ÿúܹɣϴϴˮ췹ʳһģϲʳ˽˷ԺҲȻе£ɻٺһʿе򣬲þͰ˷ˡ
ùʳ֮󣬸òѲѲߣǱȽæҪӪĴ̽飬ҲиԾͽѰ˴ׯЩӪؿһ£ͨʿֻлӪʱֻӪɹ̫̾һΪʲôƻ˻
˵ӪʱкǱɱһ
ɢģȺɢʿƫɵɵ繦δȻҲôңδԮ̣ٶ߳⣬޷粨
ʹˣҲϾҲǸͨȨˣһҲ˼أ
´ۣЦȴͣĴɨɨȥ
һû
ʮ˳ӪӭһҲûǱһꪴͷȥͶУΪҲܺ
ֻʮˣԼȻСܵԣ׷ˡ
أоң´пο
ܺã룬δôϲˡ
մ֣̾һ
ټ֪
Էס֣Ҳܸпвңжţؼ᲻Ϊֹأ
ܺã룬ֽƬһŷǷɵˣɹˮƽôλϾ򣴨ˣ佫Щһޡ
֣ؽӪдĲҲĬӪ
ǶѵأȫװˣӪ֮ǰѾǧˡ
ױƿоʵ߽õʮʣʺϷɾʱͷƤһ˲ˣ
ûʲôɱڵĵ֣Ůаƣڣкõˮͷۡ
滹ˣһЩСһϹһֻۡ
Ȼһڴˣ
ܲƳһۣǲ·ҲЩңҲѰˣʲô취Զ˸ɱ
Ȼ˵ĺݻﶼ͸һԹɧ
ĺûףֻһɵϸ·
һ۴ɨһоʣûΣյĺۼ
ҲΪ԰Уξ֮һ֮ܲͬ壬ܲȱ˾֮Ǯ
ϵѰˣ֮磬ȫǹˣЦ񲻴ɣ
˴ӺתգŹ٣һԹصȴʾ¡
ֿһĻЩȫżףվ⣬һ뺷
ȷֻܲһ⡣
ѸٶЦݣңⶼⰡ
ֱվãòۣղ̸Щ˵̸յΣ
֫ϸŮߵſڴ֣һڣۿʼȲˡ
ױֽŷ£ĺ⡣


477 
,ӪկһһӪСӪģԶԶȥ硣
봩еļݾ,ǲܲٴǲǧϱһǧĲ˽ܺᡣ
ҲҪͺһ,ıڱ,ЩꢳװĶһ㶼,һӪˣ߹ӪǰĻĲݵ,Ȼʮֳصĳޡ
ЩļҲЩҲļҲ,Ƕƺûʲô,ԺǽЩƻ˽ڲܲپӪʱȷġ
ֻһդ֮ˣһ˾ûסһ˳
ҲŰɵϸֱգͷŷ²Ųѥˣܲۡ
ӪеĿյϣ̺ӣһΪʿҲһ̺ӣΧЩʲôĲ۾һ,ǿĲʲôʼǼɽҩ֮͸ɱˡ
˶ֱܵɱ,ȳ
Դݹ֮󣬡ƺܲ˵Тϲʳˡ
ԭһֱϲڵģ˸Ļﲦȥⲻ˵Ԫ֮ô
ԼСӣһΪ½㣬ֻⶫء
ǸһӾû׼һӡ
ǹҲ¶һ˿Σװú¡
Ҳ֪΢˵ȻǾⶫѳƵζ
밢ʶԶټ֮ǰģ˻֣ʾŮΪܲƣʱΪ˼¸ɫ
ܲ̽յƺˣնطϣûǵ£
һɵĻ⣬ʱƵûʲôģ仹ǻЩ棬˴Ҳ̴ȤȻΣ
ȻǻȺ֮Уҹɫ谵ټһ룬Ǹʲô棡һűӣһֺǺǵأǳǸᣬ¸ȥ
ӵϳ
أ
®ıͲ֮в׷֮أǰŲ·һ취
ʲô취
Ȼ
˵Դһͷ˾У㵸ֵ˴ȡ
ܲٴʱǱһ䣬˱űǱһӣξͷˣ
˵仰ܲԼҲ̲סЦ
ﴫˡ
ûоƣֻпļһ￪ʼɽҩ
죬Ҳ֪Σοһɽҩ游ݣŶϾã
һδȢס
ǿɽҩͻȻҭסˡ
˼װʲô֪ǺһԵˮձﵹЩˮһ֮󣬲ż˵ȥ
Ӹд˵ġ
˵κֳĬһ
½һɵĻ⣬ݹ᾵ӵ׳ŲŵסҪҪŪʦյˮȣոǸƺƺݵػȥˡ
Ǻƽɵس㲻͵ͣüĿкһ˿ҲûС
һդĲҲʼæµͣ˳ȥˮ˳ȥ˿ʼӣųϵף׼ַʳġ
̫бӪе˻ѣ˹ͬСֹЩʲô
˹һۡ
θڣñǣЦҳԿǡ
λıʿЦˣض۵˵ͷ
ȥ
һпƽˣоЩҲһݶݵ͡
߹ΪǴ˼;ƣԼֻ
ǻҪƬ룬⣬ⲻǲܺһˮһڷ
ǻ۲ʱǵӹñеĶƺ۲ʿҲǵǿһֻһͷ򣬻һŮǰ߹ʱǴؽǶ׽˻ȥǵ⴦ãصЩĶԸԸⱻ׽ֻû˳Ƿѡ
۲ڲ̵ܲǰ£Ѿʮ٣ȻΪ԰뿪۲ǱͺǸеˡ
һ·ķ¶ޣһ·ķ紵Ϊͬ۲ǵ˱ȽϣӼˡ
˺þƺЦݵЩʿһ߳ԣһػǵͱ޷赲ջ
Ǹտö˹ģǹ̵޷ܾԽͶ졣
һ⣬ͺѲһھˡ
ζоӪ·ļݱе۲
ǲģΪǳԵζ࣬ȵľҲԶЩʿĸʴ
ڲܲӣɵװзƭ常⼸½֮󣬲ܲҲʾؽ£ܲһ죬һ䷢ѣλǰҵذȤ¡
ֹЦܲᶼЦˡ
շ֪Բ鰡ܲЦԶǽңұٲټˣ
Ȼŭˣ
ЩߣҲµģΪԵأҰ
Ϊ˵ģһֱ˵ҲٺȾƵĺؿ˲ܲһۡ
ˡ
Ѳһ·£ֿ־壬ַŭίÿһҪϣŵؿķǷ׷ǰÿһҹҲҪ۾ķû㡣
һĻϰ£¶ҪһȦοѾأ
ԭӦÿЩģٺȵƣأѵԴͲܲ٣ůʵĵطһ̵ȵǾо޴ջġ
¶֮ƾͲҪĶйһȱˡ
ķ߿ԹܵҸط˵һ˵
ΪΪ޽Ӫկ۲ǣǽҵڳҲԸȾָݰӴչȥץסλͬǵķСֻ֣Ǹȵģпο
пԵģʵûʲôԲ£־ʱضǺ磬ǰ˱ضҪȡģôˣ
ΪƵĴ̼ǵſһθˡ
ǸˣԵõ룬˵ҲҪǻۣıָ㣬˲ŴǰݾѾɢˣԭԸϻһ취Ԭܵģ
ð뷨ʱ̲סȥϸһǰķС
ߵ޷˼Ѿ
ӻǺܰҲȷʵȲԼôߴɡ
ʱܲҲת
ϻһ˿΢Ц۾һЦݶûС
۾ݵĺ绹Ҫ䣬ȶµļҪ
ֻһɵӣûмףҲûǧĿǧҪѹ
Ծѹˣ
ܲٺǺǵЦ
ͱ֮ҲʣЦô£

˭
Ŷ
ǵȷȷǡȷһ뿴ġⰡ
ȷʵû
ȻЩţѾĴֱ뵽Ҫܲһ֮ͣǰģߺ
ܲҲûߺĻᡣ
ֻǴһԵľƾֻͭףӺݺݵȥ
飡һ£
˵ϡ
۲ǣҲˣȴΪΣ
飡ڶ£
С˯óԲ£ֻѰ㡪
飡£
Ҫͨ
ѾȵĴڴɤ۶﷢һ˵ĶԵŮҵ˻ᣬţܣ
ЩԳԺȺȵҲӦ˹о壬׼νһŰͱչˣ
һ˲䣬ڿڵϣͷǰ׵ĺʣһصԼǸͭףŴȥӰ
Ǹ˾ӸµضŴǿ
ǿ˴εѵı顣
㱵ؿˣǸռѪľԵľƼУΪҨһ׾ơ
Ǳŭģģɱģ
ͬʱǼġ
úûΪǾʬ崥һ㡣
ĴӪУȻͳ˧¶ͯһ־循ŵ顣
˲ܲΪľƣֶɸӣҲɸӡ
ܹܹüҪ޳ڴ˰


478 
һ˲ɵˡ
оԼոպµЩ,ҪȵĶӿˡ
ǰȻϤˣּİܲûʲôɷı,Ǳģƽģġ
ֻռѪȵƼȵȡ,ҽȾҨǰľƾʱ֪ԼӮġ
λԬ³ƵĽԭЩС˼ġ
ܲΪĽԣһѷƵСͭӡǲȥƽ¤ң´֪ģ
ļ˱ǵʿȺŹ˼ʿ弤,ЭҪɱ,Ҳ֪ġ
ʵʵڲϵ,˻һǰһص
Ǵɡ
ϵϵô˵ģݾɢˣֻвǧ,޼ߣ,ԶĺݣͶ·ȻҪЩݣҲҪ,ȥѰ˵
ʱֻҪ˱Ǵ޴֡٣ʱҲҪͷöο˵͸⣬ȥ¤ˣ
ҶǾʶ,ϵµֲԼټԼӪ룬ô²ܲأ
˺Ǻ˲ܲ٣һһдȥһĴ㡣
Ȼˡ
˴ļ߲˵ǧಿȻԶɵģӪжۣһҲǼʿóļҵס
ҲίûжԲôߣߣǰС˵óѣ
ȻҲȵģǲܲӪʱֻһĺȴüʮҪ
ҲЩ㡣
ʿȷǺҪͷҲˣҴææ˳ǵ۲ǴҲҪûɱ
˵ҲҪȥܲ٣ô޴ֵı°˵ʱˣˣַ𣬻һأ
֮ȺˣͺܹŹˡ
Խµɴɣһı
ǵʱôҲܲ٣ĵͬԼһ
ǣ˵ûҵҪκһӽʡ
˫ȻǲҶԴֵġǺıһҲǧˣӪоӪǧྫҲǻ߳ȥ
뵽󣬾ͳ׷ˡ
ܲپӸµضſЩĴ󵨵ı̼䶼ˡ
ֻǾúں;£Լôʵͬһ˾ٱȴ߷ϼʮҪϰ٣ϰٸʿŻİ
ûкѾȫɵˡ
ΪܲٺҪҶ̴ҪҪǰһʱߣһɱһˣɱ֮ҲӦǾ¶̵ֻģ
ʱɿԾӸµذԽһ˰ȥԬǰֱ׳
ܲɱɱ죡ݣֺֻɵһ
ӦʱſѾҳһƬ
ĺŰһ˲ķ˺üЩоӪױûʶʲôȻŵ̽ͷ̽Ե
ʲôǵ˧β
ЩǴϸ¡
ʱֻǱ˸εͷԲ˶ѡ
ܲٿ߶žƵģȻһЦ
ټЦˣ˵Ҿƺ޵¡
յһǺѺȵģǽȥҸ֪ʲôζ
ֻǷѪζûȥ
ܲٿһյƣ̾һøͬʲô
ѾˣѪû˵һڣ϶ǲٻˡԴ취ɡ
˵ôңһ죬Ҫһ죬Ҫ֪ټֻ뿪ˣټ˼Ǻѽ
һ˵ǰɣ˵˵бʣĻԹޣͶȥ
ȻҪȥͶ㶵ʵΪ
ܲؿһۣ۲ϣˮ棬ҪԱЩأεù
⡭⵹ġ
޽飬ܲЦȻҪ뷽跨ıһĹ͡
Ȼ
߳оʱоĲѾƽˡ
̹Ȼǿͷ­ЩĿѵĲ
˵ҽףͬһҲҪˣ
ЩļݱõеĴ𰸣ȷôŵģ
Щ㷹ġ˳
ܲĺһһңڴߡ
Զ۲ǣߡܲ˵
ԭҲܲƻ̾ԭ
ܲٺˬʵļ
ǾôĬվʿʬߣͷģͷģֱǾͷʬ߾ʱʲô
üøܲٿ
һöʽǾӱȷԼǲǺܾǰڲܲٵϼ
ϾʱҶֻ԰Уξֲ󣬶йʱ
ֻǵĮɨһۣҴ뿪ˡ
ܲٻǺæġ
ڴ´һǧĲӶɱ˸ɸɾ
Ѿж˼ףԵúַܱǳƣ룬ⳡͻϮͱɱҺ̵ܶʱͽˡ
Żѣһ߾ʬߡ
͹ӣԶԶؿ
ˣ
üͷһҲû壬ԶҶη
⻰Ҳؿ˼أ
˵רԬ
תͷһλͬ£ȻʮͷòҲɺӢٻһҵĶɣ˾棬Ǽô˶Ư
ƯȻƯ鿴Ҳֶкܶ಻ͬġ
˵Ϊܶ˲ģҲΪܶ¶ݣ࣬Ҳٱ¶ԼС
դ⣬ԶԶעⳡɱԼ˵仰ʱѵõر¶һЩ
κȰһȰջǴͷ
Ԭʱû
û۲ϵӪկ޵øˡ
˵ԼҲ۲ǣŷɴų½Լ̩ɽϳʱԬܵҲȫʼ¡
յľսλӱֳ̬ȣ΢һ±֮Ҳ׼ˡ
ڱ֮ǰ½Ҳصܹһ档
ʱµش
ҴЩģ²Ҳû취˵ôҲô
죬ҲǱ²
üܲ⣬㵱շתǧӳһ·ܻնñǱ²ˣ
С½صͷ
ǰһС黨Ҳ˼̾ã˼С֮󣬲ʼԡ
ԽԽ졣
һ£ϡ档
˸ͷû˵һ飬ûȥ˵ڶ飬ģôҲýһӣֻú۵Сۡ
ˡ
ʿطడݾʣܳǶţʡ鷳пҼͬ˵С½ضҲλˣҲ֪ЩӶæʲôˣ
㶵أһ͵С黨̵ģû취˵
ںȻҪɶˡ
ǸϽʡ
ڰС黨ȥ׼˵ɶʱС黨ֿƺ̲סЦˡ
˴˽ﶼǿ˵£ģ˵֮վϹġ


479 
ʵڲ,ǽǡ
֪Ϊʲô½ܾ򣴨ĴӦý
ƺҲԽ
ԴӶ׿濪ʼҲǴӻƽ忪ʼ,򣴨˿ڴ˲ɢѹӢƵĴطɣĶǡ
˿Ȼ㣬ǳػ½е졣
еͰéݣש߷ӳſҲʯӵ··Ѿɵò,Ҳܿǳģ
֮󣬽ϵ˿ʼ,ʲôĶУڵ,Ҳв˲ġ½ע⵽вȻźܺᣬ;ֹȫʿ˵ģ
ǴԲǭ״,Ѿϴɫ,滹Сĵش˼ͬɫֱ,ľ죬ƵڽϣʶʱֵиҾ,ٿؽ̸䡣
˵½߽һҿ,׼Ū㷹ʱĻҲЩʿˡ
ɾʱģ
Ī죬ʱ
´һ,û˵ɾõʲô
ʲô
СƵüë죬ȻüëȥɾЩ嵭ģǡ
ҵķ֣˵˳Եö嵭
еԻ첱ǿһȦ
쵽ˣ½½ЩˣȻƲϯҲ塣
˼ǣñҺȻطֳ
һߵ˳Եú嵭һһزˣиĻһС㣬ټһǾƣԵò죬ȵҲ졪½ϤĻֺȾƷʽᱻΪ㡱ֻġ
һߵ˳ԵþͱȽˣϸ⣬صҲҪһ⣬ټƣһӣԵģҲġ
½ԼյλıʿһתһĲӣȽߵĿˡ
Եú嵭˴ۣ̬ҲţԵúĴ̺֣̬ҲȽϴ³
ͷԼҲ˸ɵϸֱճţҲ쵽˳һߡ
Ҫ⡣˵
ɾʲô⣿С⣬п⣬Ҳʹ㣡һ߽ܣһ߿ɫͣͣȻֿɾС껹СС½ͷ⡯³ģ
½
һЦɾˣС½оʱգҼ˻ǮŴģ
Ҫ˵
ΧкܹĿɨ˹
½Ȼû÷ǳӣôǮ٣֪Һǿϰߵġ
ЩʵϲڿԷ䲻ϲڿͳԷ
Լ磬ʲôȻʹӵ͹гΪƣǿԼҳˮƽںȦﹻεľѻ᣻뿪磬ȥأһ;ҲҪίһԼ˯һ˯ᣬҳķˣкһǲҪίԼġ
;Ҳȥʿ˼ҽޣϾҶһײ㣬˵ĸѹʾܳϹϵҲףҲͬһλ£ҲһӴ˸ˡ
ô˵ֻҪڣǾͲҪر˯⡪ʵûκʱҲﳤҿԶװ
ΧȻڿԷԵûôصʿˣоͺ֡
ǲϲ䲻ϲԸԹ⣬пܡ⣬ҲģΪɶٵأ
İߣеԻ̽ͷ̽ԣĴʱȻͺһ˵Ŀˡ
ҲһɵֱգͷҲֻһϴɫͷλƵģߣƮ
Ȼپ˻ƵģҪ
Σ
ӷûѡˡ
еؿһ۱ʳģ͹ĲϯֽԴȥƨġ
صһۡ
ΪϽֻԴһŲϯ𣿡
Ұʹˡ
죬̸Ŀڡɾ
ӷúأһҲûͿ˿޾ɣίͰ͵ġ
еɣ㱻㰢ִˣ
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ҲԺʿ佫һ÷ѩɽAͦԷģӷҲӺլ롣
Էоͷʲôӡ
ӷƲƲ죬ƺַĽͺе㲻м
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ԩͷĬĬ֣׼Ǯػ
ɾ˵ƶһͷˣС궼ûС
㿴ԭҪģְջȥˣϧûЩζǴպϳһɡ
ȻͷµǧҲ̨̫棬ȷʵṩ˴֬ͽԭףҧһڣڣĺʵڸС
һ⣬ҧһڱӣֽӴм䳶һͷ⣬һ߸пûཷ
ӷԥؿԵҲһӣһڡ
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ˡ
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ĳطȨգǾһ˷ɫɫˣҪա
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һˣһҾܹռˣָɵÿҪʲôʲô飬˵ظǣϵҲһһǡȻҲǰ׸ģ˷ݺأȻ͵øϽˣµĽʿǻڵ¹
ˡ
ΪֲĺףλʵЩԶ˵򣴨ʿҲһܻˡ
֮Լݸ˱ˣԼҲ˱ˣˣЩȴһ֣һ֡
µǣЩײܲٵܵ򣴨ûǰĺǿҸŹҲֺǺǵء
Ȼ˾ʹûˡ
㰢úܶԣ˼ӵľ£ǲò÷õء
ҽӷűӣ˵̫أҡ
㵱̫أ˵ĻҵΣˡ


480 
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481 
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Ǻ˯ˣû˯š


482 
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治,ҲߣҪЩʿˣһΪ󻧻ʦûǰʾע,ҲԹˣһΪʿ,Ը˱ˣ˳ҲȺ˵ûʲô֮ġ
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483 
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ﰵ֡
֮ǰֻ֪óΪС½һЩŶˣ常С½رأǧһλʿû뵽Ȼһֶܴӣ
Ҳ˼֮꣬룬ҲһҪ紫ڣͳͬʳͬϯͬһ£ôҲһΪ󺺴򹤡
ǿҪð֣½עݲϣһذ֮󣬱㽫аջɢǿΪ
¿ǹһ㣬Ⱥ˵ÿֻҪֹ꣬¼Ϊû˽Σ
ųȺһôֶҺܲѺõ⡣
ʱڣؼ沢ⲢҪΪѾʮ֮߰ˣʿҲ߰˰ˣԿճĵغɽ֡
һж·ҵĿͻָԶڰյģǿԴͶʼܿū澣Ͷ·İΪ˻ҲֻȥΪūҵȻѩһҵԽԽ࣬ɽЩҲûؿ֣ҪôҪôҲȥūΪֹ
Ȼµ忪ʼ̤ǣҾˡ
ʵЩĵʿǺѿԼϵĴǻǰũһ㣬Ҳֻһѣ͢ݲ¹ٲһĵطҲôƷũأ
ǵ뷨Ϊ˻룬ƾʲôֻʿ˳⣬ʵݻ¹پֻܺأ
Ⱥ뷨Ҳ벻ôһݵظɵÿһȻ˥ܣȻؼ沢ҵֻء
Ǿ֡ķʽӻʿָԪĽŲ
ֻҪղҲܻȥֻҪұΪǵغūͽɸ߶ĸ˰󺺵ض꣬˿ڶû׶֮֮ǰܻʱ취ɣ
οݵľѧӡ鼮΢ŮҲԽԽ࣬ǲǽһ죬ЩǭҲʸأ
ʿܻмҿһ죬ʱǲǻüأ
Ǹп˵ЩʲôĴȣЦˡ
Уǰʿ䲻ҶݣбԹ
Ȼ˵ϲûгɺΪѣǳȺķˡ
ԬΪӱۣཫ㣬಻ʤ˵ĿǳҲ֮Ī
ʤԬҲܽҡ
Ⱥ΢΢۾
ΪΣ
ǵȻΪҵĽ޵а
Ц״ıʿĬȻ
ʳʱġ
ԵĶӱ˺۵ĶЩǣװڵضһźŴģζҲϲĽ͡
һС׷֮⣬Ա߻һ۱Եͺ㣬ҲԵʳԡ
Ҩһ׶˳Ȼʼ׷Ͻһֶֶ죬Ҫ׼һ迪ʱֳȺ˶ܲԾ
ֱʳ֮ǰ෶Ĺ۱￴Ҳ֪ǿɶƺҧһڣ᲻á
ȺȷʵЩģܳԷҲܼӿƣǰû۱ó԰
Ǹ۱رóԣ
ͺܲؿһۡ
۽յĿ⣬̿ˣǽĵġ
ȺǸ۱ˡ
һ㶼û
ֿǵź
̲סҪѯʵʱֽˡ
еѵʵܲ𣿡


484 
Ⱥˡ
۴ӳѰһССչ,ϴɾ֮ԵִܲװһӣڷϣøɺҶס,ãؽλɾϡ
ʱˣﳢ뱱ζ޼,ЩȺ治ɫ˵,߶
ֹģ˰ĩ,δֹ,,ϾһһǽҲã
ƽ⣬ϵȻҲôС
ⷬ,ȺȴûеӷӦ
еʲݣЩæ𣬿ʱĻܶׯЬ̨׺,·Ͳ֪ԽԽ죬󷢴һС,ҲԾ
ɱǸı飬ֱȺȫʧظǰ
λľʵȻǻ﷢ٵЦ,һԵۣôˣ
ȻûɾʲôģϻĶԹ˼ԼԳɾͬ,ʻӦ˰ġ
㾹Ҳˣµ³һ򣴨ˣӵıˣ
۳˾ţǣΪΡ
һۣû˵
컹һЩµҪ˵ԬܵǲϢִˣҵһжһһ·棬һ·Ǽ٣ЩطҪصЩطпܳΪսսʲôԾսԼʳôˣ¹ȵȡ
ѾеˣһҲˣ½㻹û
ĥһҪҪ
ٵһȰɡһ˵
Щڳ֧սضᣬϢһ˵
ţƽԭʱҲôϲ硣
Ͼǵ˺۱ĵҹɢûм϶ġ
Υ˯һ齣שͷɵķݣζбХʱᱻڿ֨֨ҡڵѣȻĵضǸССѿڣĥȻ˺ԼǲǾͻȻһĻϯˡ
סڷͰȫˣﻹ̿ůڵģһ죬ֹһ̼ж̺ӷסҲεص档
ںůڵű˯ú㣬һЩҵΡ
ʲôУССԺӣбϵٶңмԱȰٷˣ̽ͷ̽ԿֵһгҷһԾΧڶϵ
ͷرͣƺһɱͷһģһҲһͷδĺ׳أ
񱼵·ϣͷײֱǼҶԺеľ̳ӣֱǼɹ·ϵھӶˣָָģ˵ЦģеģΪͷһŵġ
ѽѽѽôٶȥɱأѽ
½ģţִӱΡϤĻ顣
źУŽϴ΢Ĳ
ͷܻˣŶӵƣصĺԼƣˣ
Ҫɱһͷš
һƬУüӵļУҼĴŵľУ½ĽڰлһĿĽ⣡

½һˡ
ʲô£
ԥ˸Ͷˡ
׼ȷ˵Ǻһ͹˳һֺ£ҲһЩ󷽾ǵİ
λдʮϸĹ涨£ʿǵİƺܶ࣬ƷҪģ˵ȼͲͣռͣҾرǮԼҶɴϼ㻨ǮҲ͡
ԵҲãһ·᫿вͽ˵ȾˡҲֻͲ⣬ûľ̲˸
½İͺܸߡ
ϣ²ز
ͬĸġW¡ⶫ˰Сްһһ㣬мЩʲôУ顢ľޣǴҾʲôܱůʲôȻʲôضָлͦġ֪ʲô취ѹƽģһҲûѼָܵо
WȾ˵ɫˮ۵ģ°ڴ˻ƣϱһȣСȻá
˺֮⣬һЩûϴ£Լⷢڿ㣬ȡ
·Ь࣬²ټһͲõʳ
۽⸬ɶУһܷرõСﻹװЩϺɱɡ
ʵΥԥƶϸˣ׻ͲˣЩɹɵĺҪǱˣ˻ɳװһλسʼʵۡ
Źӣеҿ͸ŷ죬˾ܲҵ߽ˡ
Ͻ
˾߽ܲʱԾس˳ӡ
װʲôû
ٴ£
˾ܲһ飬̫ʷбѶ
۲ӭˣظҲű˸ģ
ʮأĹԱҲûлƵϸ۷֮ۡ⣬ͯǣֽܹи飬װ·ľġ
ͨŵʿ߳˳δУǴƮ֪ϵ˭ˡ
½Ǽһ۲ǵģΪսʱ̨ĵ̨һƽ
Ǹ۲Ѿˡ
ظӭһʱǳ࣬ǵѸٰȥҲûЩҪϴ·ˡɫŵؿʿӿظȥٳɻؿһһ˽ظ
̫ˣ˽۲ǵϵθɾˣλô븮أ
ϲεƤҲˣ۲ǺͿظֱһģ
ϿЩİˡ
ʿˣб䣬о٣й̼֡
رر࣬Ҳ廨ţڶǶмݿЩʿ˺;ٵ
ȻҲдʳ˽
ţЩڣԼòɫ˥һЩˡ
Ǹ㰡ǵˣƤ࣬ɫͦΣ·ĲҲý
Ҳ˼ʵ룬ںǰ
ҲԣʵҲֻһǰѡ
ֻʹԵú˾úһӡ
۲ּ޵ڳʱŴࡣ
ǲЩǻڴųţ
ѽѽ죡ѩ˰ɣ
Ǳǽɣ
䣿ô˵ݻأ
Щ˽һҲ˵Ķ
ظůͼˣŮΪԬܵϯ̺̾ӣƫʮ̿衣
˳ǽ˹Һůڵġ
Ԭ߻һСС̿¯װ̿ϣ紺һ㡣
ЩϸĵĲó嵭Ԭܼ׼ʱĲ⣬жʱ¶һ˿΢Ц
ƺϬȼ״Լֻװͷ­ϻʱҲ¶һȻ΢Ц


485 
۲ǺܺáԬ΢Цſڡ
˵һ㺬,û׵ر¶á쵼׵״ıʿߡ
ǽҺΪ֮йоص˵
Զկʮ,ôδҲ̫Щܲ⣬ܾ½ڳԿ˳ǣ
ͼ̧Ƥһ,ֿһȡ
˳ãϧ۽ȴ̫Щ˵
ԬܵĿػǰıʿɨɨȥ
ģͼɵģȽ˼û˵ʲôĳ̶ȡ
һνĿϡ
,Ҿ£
ȵ۾û̧,Ԭ˵ʱż̧ӣҲϣƺĹֻĿεطԬܰµλá
սƣ֣Ҿɳʤ׷ܹ˵,ҪǱձɶɺӡ
شƺ,ƺûô,Ԭü,һЩʲôʱѾ⡣
̫ϣȴ˾ůͣߵ̨״Щ,׾۲䣬ǽĶر硣
ס
Ϊ׾߹Цеѵλ׳־δ꣬ʶ׾ɣ
ȽǷһҾ
ѧǳθҵ׾֮أ
ǲ׾й֮ȴԸһ֮أЦѵˣ
̧ۣ´λͬһ¡
ԭϵҲϾȼֶӣҪҵĶɣ;Լ˺˵ȥܲٴͷ¶ͺ˾ΣڱҲ
ϾȻԼ̫벻ԬЩûȥ˸侲ѵ˾ǵȷ֪гģҲȻỳɵ
Ӻܿ죬뵽һ˵
οϵ÷
źƽϺȻֳã顣
ʵ֮ұҲϡ
Ժʱ𣬱ڷְ˵䶯
˼ǣ
֣ļ򣬶̨¶ȥ
͵һԣɾ̧˽ţ̹ЬӴǰΪЬġ
ֱʩʩȻ뿪Ȼû⻰ʲô˼
˳ڵĻһȻشطѾˣ
ⲻǵһΣҲһΣ
һεĹᷱˣôģǿ϶Ūģûϵ
һεĹһҪţܻǰҲ򣡵Ӳûųǣһ·񱼵Ԭǰģ
춼ˣϵ·ˣǵӴһ˳ꪣųܣ;лˤӣҲ֪ѪܵԬǰ˵ڵؾͿޣȻԬܵİο
£˶дЩڷıдǵָӹٸдֵдԬߵûµסˣҲд
Сķʲôأ
ֻһССͷֻмʮڳѲץĲ۶Ѱ
Ԭܴ֮󣬴ϵµҲûʲôʵԵĳͷ
ڿֻ֮ص˷ۿͰˮ檵źϴһˮ裬һ·һ¶Ժȥˡ
ȷʵҲûʲô£ֻǽпܶ;඼Сĵ貹һ¡
ݣһĹʤֻǲ׺ССһڣʲôֵñóر˵һ˵أ
ԬһҲûЩϸ΢Ķ
ǵĵһ͵Ϲ۲ǳǽȥֻ˹Ĵأȣȴȥȫⳡսҡ
ͬҲ˵ϳǽǸλãڲܾ֮ǰһλҲվá
Ԭ齵ĿظʰúůʣظƺҲ
Ȼûƫҵʮ濾ǽڵĴֱʣҿʱǲһź䣬Ȼ̿Ǳġ
Ϊе㲻˴С½
һҲ䣬̿ϰԸҪȥ
Ȼһڵζζʳζ˸ƽ׽ˣš
ĿͲԾƮȥˡ
Ⱥؿһ
ӺܲءۡЦ
ӡ
֮Ӵɤţ򶫣Ԭ̷С洦гڳǳ̽飬λΪԬΣ
˵עݵشӿתƿˡ
ӾȺ磬Ԭ̷ȡݶȡС棬ٹ
ǵ֮͢ǬҲһ䡣
۲߰·̣׵ģ
Ԭܴҹ̣հˣ
ǿ֮ĩ³ɣյ㵽ˣڣι£
ʿ֮Уайߣ£δŷ񣿡
ߴߴ˰죬糱ˮһȥˡ
ڿ½㡣
ȻҲӺǬҲ͸תͷȥ
ֱҲ֮󣬳ȺСĵؽԴƫȥɫƽؿ
½㶢Ǹ̿񣬻Ȼûע⵽˵Ŀ⡣
Ԭܵıʼˣ˺ü·˵۲ǵıҲǱɺöɵģ¶һôоͺ鷳
߿ɳȥԷɵӣоʱԶԶеоţҲ֪Ӿѡָ¡
ȫ̸棬ô·ػصߣһ·ԬܵĿ꣬һ·ͱһѧ⡣
Ϊ²´˻һѣ¶´˶ֻ±ӡ
һ֮Լͬؿ½ԵҲ
ᣬѾսϴ˴һڴϣ˶Ĺ۵㡣
Ԭȥ˵ǻΣա
Ⱥһ
ǲġѺ˵ˡ
ȺСһְȥˡ
üΪΣ
Һͼݾ֣Ǳ㣬ȷʵһһĶ֣浽ʱЩܲӵָָⷢ佫ߵһˣǶϵɣ
ڸһֱAһӾͰѱֱͦˣ˷ǳӲض
ȫУԸ͢ѹԸѹȷǸüıоҪԬܾרУ˵뿴һʱûСô죿;ݲô죿;һ֧ô죿ÿһ¶ıʿԣô죿
½㲻һܺõĽߣ߶߶Դϣ˶ܸܵһ㣬Լࡰı޶ϡһ仰ȥ˵˰졣
ҲĹ۵㡣
ˣʵ֮ҸںδܵУ
Ŀ£С½վˡ
ߵžȲߵĵͼǰһȻΣƺʲô
˲Ծ첱ȥʲô
һָ۲ϵһܲɵλϡ
̿ң
Ǹָӡڵͼϣرۣ˶ˡ



486 
½㲻¼,ųѵ̿﷭ҿͬʱԬܵȷͬͼ¡
ʮ򾫱,Լ,ıԶɺûһս񣬳Ƶϡж,ʡѾսͿ࣬밢ճ־õĶмѪ
һ뵽,ԬĪѹһ¡
Щʱļ֢֮ٹҽ,Ҳʿ,ûʲôá
˱뽫İںӱ,ڴдʱľܾ
ڶȰ,Ϊϳȡ֮,Ԭܲÿɷ񡪡ֻҪһɵ,ͻʱԼ
ʱ,ΪһոһյطɥŴ·,˯ڴֲڵĲϯ,ÿȱˮ,Դӵʳ,Ⱦһ˿ȡʱ˽ԸжĴТ,Ҳ
ɽǲҪӵģԬ룬ڴ·͵͵˿£ĥƤ˯ĺʵϯ,ҽյůڵģóΪһڵĶĳӿԽ峺ˮ쳣
ֻһȺҳĳ˵갷λ֮ɵͣһסݻҵ
ӶǣΪڳʱ̾һֻǡ
ԶǺ£
ֻǲϵ׳־˵ղΪ¡
һλ常ôӣ
ԬܾΪ¶Ľܲٸȥ¤ҵġ
ģһʯϵĸ߹֮ӡѣ
۲ǣģʱЩ£ž̾Ϣˡ
ͼѾĲɣỹڿ´ʡ
ڽĹ۵ȷûϣ
һһٶõģ͢գǲأ㲻ȣһҪˣ
⼸귢չòʿȥĵģҲмģԬһӵͶţϵģҪ֪ϿΪص֮һ½«ҪеݾȥˣЩʿ׷׵жףľʲôĴ
סɽһΪ½ʾݿ飬ٱȫݡ踥ȡ̣
֣ȥһϵӦðϰ
һҾʱԬڴӻоѡ
岻ضһ£֪ԼһЩӦûʲôϵģڽҪԶѡ
ţԪ˵ӦôԬܰ¼ֿ˹ͼ
ͼԲԲۺʱܺڤ˼ҲԬܸеǸˣҲһЩ⣬Ϊ̫ˣն񣬲ܽӽи
ǿֻԶɽõĴģֻͼôģǳСĽڣ
ǣ
صһۣлֱ˵ǣ
߿ԥβſڣϵҲΧ
ӣ̴Ī˵ܲٱ׽ԲʿĿУҲᲢ𣿣
Ԭһ¾ͱرãǺЦؽĿתᡣ
ʧˣͼôһ䡣
ɲǸ׾ˣżӡ
ֻ¡
¸ʲô
δ½ǣƣһݵݡͼü˳ۣȻǺܰûڵӣҲݸ½δһܣǱһͷȡȻǺõġ
򣡡ˣ㰵ָЩʲôǵ𣡡
ֻˡȥȡС裬Σȥ߰вãΣԮǰֵΣ
ϵЦֽˡ
ˣƺ˼ƺڷƺҲڰգΪʲôԼıʿκϳ
ͳδ
ͼ۾תһ¡
׳αؾһǣܹɵ˵һƫ¹Ԯ·Ϻǣ
ִһԬ˰壬һйоصľ
Ԭ̷ȥͱս
ỹЩġ
һڵĳǳزûôѣֻҪܵõӣܽһŸѪѾܲס
½Ѫǲô÷ŵģǭ׳ı֮ˣֳƲȴҲ׾ԸΪЧκεطսҲãԥҲգ˹ȥæ
սҲгಲŵĶһȼݾʱֻ֣קȥ
ֱƽˣ
ȻƽҪ£ΪƽҲƴ֮£½ܴľ̼Ҳȥƽ
½󲻽Ҫǿ뽫ԲİնӽӪС
ֻҪһһͯݶ˭֪ǻ½˵Щʲô
ĽӲկ֮⣬ʵ벻õĴ½ķΪӦ߼ãһһǰƽսߣկ
ֱ졣
۲ľӪһһҲЩׯվɱդΧϣģƮ̻
Щݱ򵥵һ£˵޲ӣŰҲĨƽ©ıů̶ȴˡ
סһǶʻ˾һ٣Ҳǹ֮Щңͻݵĸ˴ϲӰ˵Ķһյ͹ͭƣһ׿ȲͭߣߵϣһֻСС¯
ϯ̺ãκͽƬȲҲֻ֮ҪǳǳغһڣԼĿڱǺ;񶼱סҲõĶĵˡ
˿Ÿɲݣ߹ŵɲ㣬̲סͷһۡ
Ƥޡ
ǿŸɲݵ˸ϽӿŲһԡ
ļء
ǷȻͰƣҲڷ꣬Ｘס棬ŮӤ׹أҲһ
ʢʱͷţ˶᲻÷棬Ҳǣ˯أ
رϤǼݵÿһϸڣùĸɲݣǽϵѷ죬ĴڰĳζԼ©Ĵš
ˣøɾ˺ܶ࣬ᴫҲ벻ζ
ѽҪǶסǲõĶģ
·֪ƣæµڴׯֱɫȫȥʱڻصڵľ
Ƿ·һӣˣЩģЩҲûУ˯¶ĲϯϣЩһϯҲûУֻѰһ䣬ԼһϹһڵϡ
ܼѵҵԼĲϯĸĸѾˣҲۼһСҲɸ˻ڽرǱʲôϣ
һ˫͵۾ʱ̾ˡ
֪ˣ˵ҸĻȥͶС½ġ
ѽѽֵָŰ̾ˣǸٲصĶġ
ǾСֱֹԱмתͷǣǲžر졣
ЩЩǵĶҹɫֽŲõˡ
˵ǸС½ǸʲôˣСʵĲݽ棬Ҳ𣿡


487 
ͬǲݽ,ǵЩǭ׵ȷ۲Щвͬ
Ҳһڣһݹ,ǲرŸ,ȻҲûһʳԡ
ǳлǳǶ컹ûʱһ,ȷϲ񵶻£Ƚϵ䣬ٽ񵶱ϣЬӣͬĵطԸ䣬߻Сӣ
ģҲ࣬˲֮,ûʲôǻߵſڡ
ʱʱ,سǵʿҲڻ,˴ŹǷͬ鷢ЩʲôɧоҲ˱ø,Ѿˮչ޺ſڣʿǺһ,һӡֻҪһǮģɱӾͷ˺ü,дӣҲϸӣ⽴,ؼ棬һҧһ͡ЩͲˣװڻɫ峿ɢ˵İڵʿǰ
ϣЩ̯æ
˻ڵʿ֮⣬вĹҲڿŵʱ˳ǡ
һģƽʮ׺͵ʿһָߵĻоϸѡһرģݸһ׵Ĵ󺺡
󺺽ӹıЩ΢ʿЦԱ߻˵ʲô
ǳԲﻹһӣǴϵġ
Ǹһ̾һ߷ʮĻпűˡ
Ĺˣ̯æǮҲ⼸̯Ծ̯Ҳһ۵ģƾֻ۾ҲûиӦ
⼸ֻܲԾһĭٽϵø
ǱЩÿĲҲøЩðüҵʰñůЩƥʳҲ£뱸˵Ǯһˡ
˽սӪУ԰ס򣬺ҲǺõİ
˵ȥ˶ԬܵľӪģ
ԬȻǼҴҵģµǲҲԴأֻдӳԣЩÿһϸ⽴˳԰ɣ
Ҫ⽴Ǹϻϸϸ飡
Ǿڳſ֨ѽУŶ֥ϣġ
Ҫ´һƬҰȥпʱԶĳнһ֧ӡ
˵һ֧ʵ̫׼ȷ
ʵ֧϶ɣʿķ֣ٵ֣·ʱԵЩ¡
ߵȥȻ˾
ƽˣ
ǻƽһ̷Ǻɽ
Ҳ˺ɵģҸ˵ĻǮȥ˷ĳ
˺Ȼһš
ʲôʹλڳأǸϳɳصĴ˵˵ˣԬˣҲвС½ģ
˵ָ֧ʹس嵽ǰǣ֪˶Զ
һȺڵڻԭϹһƬ˭Ҳû̧ͷ
ǵȷܣ෴ģȺ˵ͷ֣
ЩʿȻҲֻͨģЩˣЩĹˣЩŸͷĽһͲɽģ
ǾʹûôƯ
Щ̲ס͵͵̧ȥʱ·ڵĹҲܵǵĿ⡣
λʴȵضһӡ
΢˸ĲһЩѰ
Ǹ˸еģڵ
۶Ķ͸жסˡ
ҪȥԼŮѾܾûˣ
ѫꢳоԼ˶Ҫˡ
ԭʱģ컹ûϻǰůĴһ̸Žһ¾ˣôӪʵģ
ΪѾҪ̣Ųòǲ裺Ϊʲôô磡
ѫڳ·һСů¯Ϲһ£ﻹһֻ⽴ڵĿ
˭ҪɰͰ͵ĶҪҲɵ®̫أҪģ
ҲǺףȴЮţͰͱԮ˵Ҫ첻ں̸·
ŭݵɢ˺䣬Ҳ֪Ƶĵؽ磬ûκ˿ⷢйŭ
ƿһ㳵ؾеŹ·ߵǼǭ˹ȥ
ֻҪ´󹦣ѫֿܵ룬ֻҪܹԬܣѹһͷʱ򣡲й½Уƽƽ󺺵£ʱҲһݣ
֧ѾϹΪ캺ҶʱѾȥˡ
½֮ΪԬܻѡҲܼ򵥣
·ˮϵˮк蹵м䱻ˮͨ˴Ҫ־սûбƵϽɹ˿صĵط
Ԭһռˮ·Ƿˣټʱս˦ܣȵⶳʱ˵׼սһ·ȥˡ
ԬûֱԮľģȻҪռסͨҪġ
ȷˡռº󣬽ϸھͲ½ˡΪܲó
Զʱ򻮷֣ǿǹĿǰĹ߻Ǹ΢ˡ
һͲδȺܳҲܽ˵͢ᵽ֮󣬻پܹȥˣѹںյġ
ͽ˹Ԭλ¿Ԭϣʱڳ¹ԬͿԬϵȵĻǳ¿ԬϺԬϺҲմ״ʵġ
λȱΪţȻշתʱֱԬΪϱԬܵܲٵľټࡣ
ǳճˡ
Ȼճ»Ĳ³ƲϰҵҲƽառ֮󣬾󲿷ԥݵĵطҪôԼһ˰ɽͷҪôҲдͶʹԬֵþͺ䵭
ȥʱظʾܲܲپټʹѾ뿪ҲΪ˱ֳص̬ȡ
͵ʱ½ҲŴչȥͿʼָ
ɾɾɾ
ôɺõó棡
Ӧѧһѧ˼Ϊٵա
еЦסûס
ܵЦС½һ壬Ͻ˸Բ
ǲѧģ˵վͺܺˡ
Ļû˵꣬Сܽˡ
ҽ壬®̫ѫϽʦʮ
һӾˡ
һ¶̧ͷͼûеὫ̾ˡ
Ǹ˵Ҫ㻹ѧѧɡ
۾ƨûǺȣѧʲô
ѧѧһλţ®̨̫Ϊףֵ֮ܣáɤȻȥʲôƵģͣһ²ɤţЦʲô֣Щ
ԣԲסϽֻͣ˵¡


488 
,
ȻûЩڶԶسʱ½վ,ԼԲôһ߰ı
Ҷ·,ͦġǰ,ԭӦøŶүԼҪA
ү٣ûЩ,Ѿ,ǱӦվ󣬴ڸ½,Ͳò۵λˡ
̫,ڵϵ⽥¶ˡ
һЩʲô,߹ʱܲע⣬ʱҲû̫,ǾȻе·ϵĶǱȻ¶һ,ǵ¶Ȼʱ,ЩζҲƮ
ƺǬںԸЩ·򵥴ɨһ¡
ȻܹһȺ,ǳ,ææؽЩɹ֮ԵȼϣҲԵϵĶߡ
ҪǸߣһ
ʡ
תͷ
ʲôʣ˭أ
Сæͷȥˡ
Զı˳ʱҲܿ,ܵе㼱ܶһֻõĲЬ
뺰һɤӣֻһ֮أҲ£ûЩˡ
½룬һСЬùǸıӰ˳ȥ
ЬӴӶɳ׷Ǹһ㱼Ǹ˵ĺ󱳶ȥ
ǸһֻŵĵùһЬ˸ͷǻŵشЬŷˡ
оеɾ͸УЦһʱֶĳȺڶ
֣µؼǰߡ
Ⱥҿ
ԱһʲôûʲôûС½ʲô¸ɲĵȻ顣
½A־˵ƽ
ȺһҵصͷҲװʲôû
Ѿڵǰ
λ̬߳һ첽ǰӵģģٴ죬еǻõġ
߿ʼ׻ȺңӣȻһ׽ʹΪɨ£ɳ֮ʦĪơ
ǻܣ壬˳ú׳ʵʹ˼ۣҲܸܵ¼ơ
AҲ͸Aѧ˼ôҲô
Ҳûһ߻һĵض
һɵض
ҲһʱְĿջȥˡ
һֱûʲôλݵĽΪյ½ˡ
ܲٵĴڻӪУʱʱóһۡ
ⶫ͵ʱʵǸһ
ûдţʹҲһ仰ûֻⶫк壬Զ
֪θдţߥ֮Σݡ
Ҳ֪ڲ֮ܲ֡
֪ҵʵ㹻ҴԼ
ǿţԱ
ںܳһʱﶼΪµŮǿ϶Ǹһ˰
˵һŮӣһӦҲȲϰ
ǱȻܸϬܻʿ߰˳ߣӣ첲˼ҵĴȶ֣һ˫ſʱܰ⵹һ˫ĺõ˵
ڿվһݲɾȭվסˣ첲ܲòˣ˶̾Ҳ˵Ϊֵܹ
ոǸһֻЬӳȥˣȻ½ЬӸ
鸴ӵضĿѾƿһλܵʹˡ
Ǹˣ½վAԱߣһԣͿ˺ȵؼҾȻǰ֣˼ֵ֮顣
û棬ҲûͬһأͬһֻͬһݣǾ츸ĸֵܣǱף
һȦ˰װ֣õķͷһ
˼ҲҲô˼Ҿб°ӹ˳⣬ôû
ûԵͷ˰˭ģжа
ѫĿɨЦݺȻһ¡
һرȻͷϺȻһѷ졣
ûס͡һֳˡ
ѫ׽ˡ
ˣ˻ʼ΢΢
һµĲƵģҲ֪µĻģ֮۾ɵúܴ󣬻ҧһǷ˹Ǯģ
һһߴԲһ߳ջͷһۡ
ʵʵͷýٵأʵ̲סʱżЦһ
½ͣԼֵܵĺѾͱȽϼֻ̣תһ
ǰݻ˳Ҳнǳ͢׷ĽҽѫǺף®̫أȻҲһλ̫أϾµľʦ˵λѷһ
ҲǸ￴˳۵ģʿ΢룬ֹ棬ŶзȣһŽʿģҲܶ
ߵļҲһ£һ͵ֶӣһջңֺˣµɽ
ںĲɵʱһ㶡
ʮ꣬ջƣҲһŻͺһԣ͸񣬳֮һͶûУľګøƵġ
һ̫ԣ
ѫһ®û磻
裴һϸֱգ£뷢Ƕɫ޶͵ݻ
ɽҴһȻ÷ǳϸ£ĥصףƬ¾ɲһʴС״Ҳͬһ֪ǳͬĹղͬµġ
ȻףҲһݹϸƳףϺõƬ죬ᱡʵжɹһɹҲԵ
۲֪ǮԥҲû˵۹
һʱӲӿһۻҡ
һƥһͨûκ
Ҫ˵ĻƵƵȥΪͨ
ڻ
֧ڷ߷ɵþ͸ƵЩ
Ҫ˵Ǹһ㿡εɾ񽫾ȥǺܺġ
˵Ǹµ佫񽫾ȥҲܺ⡣
˾ɶɿأ
ƷйûһڵģѾʮ꣬ûź뱲ҲʲôôµµΪرһͷӣЩСܶ˽ҵһһ档
ԼΪ񽫾ĿԾؽֱ˺󱳣ֽŶԵЩˡ
̲סͿˡ
񽫾Īλɽʶ
ҡҡͷǵһ档
裴˼Ǹˣֵתͷ΢Цſ
ǽΪƵƵĿأ
ڼʱһЩ£˵ǺܾǰͻСʱģѾǵò̫ˡ
ڼǰʿҲڼǰ
Χ˶˶䡣
λӢۣҲƽһգֶһģһģЦȻѸߣȴ˹ҫǧŵĹ
ǸĬںɽ͵̧ͷؿھĿض
ս޲ʤк֮½߿ޣʲôľҲεµģ
A͸࿴һֹۣ
˵溩ǼٺAСʣҵʱһ˵
㲻Ҳ𣡡Сص㿴һ˵֪Ҳһģ
AеƣǱʾͬ
ز¶Ҳ


489 
û̫Ŀ,Ǻܿġ
ͱ˵ݣҪǧԺдԶĿ˳˳Է֮кַܶʽ,Щıһũ֣ҸɽˮĵطȪ,裻еһıһȥ߶֮,飻һЩͷɺס̫ɹ̫̫ͺ̨粢硣
ʱҪ̫ƽЩ̵Ļ,ҲмĿ,Ͷٱ̤,ԥݴģų˴ã֧С̯ӻǮ֮ҲûʲôĿˡ
½㵹ǾȺڳڳתһȦ,Ļϯسһ˱ҲȻǱ˵ģǶظ,źλã̺ϯ,ںð,źñյ꣬һ߳Ժȣһ߿ڴ룬ص١
ǸٳݣǳС
ҵú,
˿һǷѵһĿԴתڳԳԺȺȵϡ
תͷʱЩ͵͵Ҳ̽ͷתˡ
תǲ裣ΪǿԴرæҪҪҡ
˲ò࣬з룬˶˵½ǸжګԵˣбȽǲֹ۵ΪǸŮɣ˷ǳǫѷڿȣȽ϶ǲΪ΢¸ųѧ飬˽Ҳվ³ˣ
Ȼһֹ۵ǣ̳ܽѧҲҪʦˣǷǸѧģ
裿Ǹ˵ٵӰӣ˵Ļ졢׼ݵһͶĲʾãʾʾع
ʾ֮ĿⶼһˣеһʻҼＸˣĸȻ˵Ҳƽ̾Ϳʼ롰ͬĻ䡱Уһ׷һǶμȼյ¡
ĿŵУСĵ㣡ȻǸʮҲûõĺӵɶͣµ佫Ͳ࣬Ҫͱܵˣȥôأ
лȥҵ»һٰɣȻɽҲʯ»ףƺȷʵе١
üȥںûʲôоġˣȻЩСȱ㣬˵ÿһǣսƷƯ·ʲôģʮˣͦġ˵㲻ʲô⡣
˿񣬲ͶˣҲᶢ˼ҵŮ죬øǮǮ⣬͹ˡ
ĥԼǵ£Ҫôһ򣬺ΪԼҵĶһݿٴĻҵ
˸ˣ
δЪȡ֮ʱ¹ͶţƣҵαΪϣ
һ£Ǻܸ˵ػӻ֣λԶ˱գٱϹԬܣ
ٱˣһٱ½ջļһ鿾еѻ˵ˣÿþƽ˳ȥ
Ȳ˷⣬Ҳ춼̻ζ
һۡ
żݾɺ֮Ӫկ鲼ݣ񽫾ͽǴ粽У֪ȷ񣿡
Ӷȥؽǿɣתͷ˵λ
װֵһѫת̽Լתӣǿ
½Ŀѫ˶еϵġ
ƽʱ˽ﶼҲмʹı죬ĹܰڳͷԼ޷ֿǿȨҲܽС΢ϥǡ
ǸǿȨʱʱ̸̿ѹȸУÿʱÿ̶ֲ͵ķΧУŻᱣסǸС΢̬
ʱװǻƣˣ£ʱͷһһˣݺͲƻָһԼѶѸ
ѫСӱµǴȥ꣬һС٣ӹöܺãѫҲ͸ź˰ˡ
ԼĺʷҲǾͣУһλֵܣԾ͸ССطһ£ض
֮ǣ̱С
Ǻô֪Լ̲У˶ٿЩԼģѫһСģҪ̷ŷҵġ
Ⱥüƺ˵Щʲôʱ䲻ؿˡ
ӱȷʵ׳˾ܲЦʹδ֪ˡ
һ˵һȥȡƼеľףΪԼһ׾ƣȴ˵
׾ƺ̧ͷƺǾԼʧˣֺǴǸѫЦЦ
ѫɫȻˡ
֮ñǻһ̴ٶġߣ
񽫾սƣ֣˾úӱηҵ®δر
յ΢΢
˾ֿܲǻˣ
ǻҽյ˫־𣡼ģ֣Ťɤۣ
ʹսɣܴݳǰկ۲һ£Ī˵͢к˲֪ʹĹҵ
ѫҲü
Ҳյһ͵ΪΪ֮Σ
ĵؿ
Ҳĵؿ
½ûȥ˾ܲˡ
һһŵλϣʵͦ
ô⣬С˵ѾͲˣ
˾ܲЦأһҲû顣
һһӻˮء
ƺˣȰҲȰ費ֻ̾
ˣ㷳ֳΪҹ۲ңһʮӪկɣ˵Ͻһ䣬Ž«֡
Ͳ裻࿴һۡ
ҵͬȥǣ
λ˸ĺͦͦأƺΪԼе⡣
˸֪ô¾սأȻһӵϰƺƵƣϵֲԬܵʲô
½Ϊ½ӱѩδһֱڣҲǵľӿһֱģ
ʱ½Ӫկ޴СŮҪǰһ㣡
Ȼ̵£ѫһҲóģó٣Ҳóڱ˵Ķˮ㡣
һҲǴġ
ѫưؿһ۶½
Ҳڿƺûбŭ
һ߿һһܲꡱꡱҧ
ͻȻ½Цˡ
ǻ﷢һЦǳЦЦǿЦ
ƺʵؾãͺܿģͺЦ
֪Ϊɶλ®̫ؾԼˡ
һ̫ʷԲص봾սʱбԼл
ܹ·ǲһŽһտ£Ԭľ
˵£ιң
û㣬½̹ϵ˵ֻ˵еȱ¡
˾ۣ˾ܲһҲûܵ
Ҳǻ﷢һµЦ


490 
˲ٱ,һǿģ壬֧Ǵûôսҵĵط,Ͼûв֮ѫҪԵҲܶѡ
ڰĵطǲдϢ,Ƕȿ,ʹѫ,սҲȿҪǿһ㡭Ҳ޹ڼֽ,½Ƚϸ£һѩǰˡ
Ⱥϱ߹ıӾٵʿһ`Ŷ,ʡ
ܿͱˡ
Щ̬ȲôЩо,ֻȥ˵,Ҫ
ҪǶͦǮ,ǲҪҪȣҪ첹ԡ,ֻбʲô뷨,󷽵ͳǮˡ
⼸գӪӪԽԽ࣬Ⱥݹ᾵ŮϵĲֻȴһ١
ܻһԣŻһĻ,һ档
ȻǻΧһ彫˵Ŀ⵲Ϊʹʹ˹ͱѲߣӪﻹٲС͵С
һӣȻҲ
ǾϲС,֮ǰµİӣһǾĶʳˣ
ҪЩϱסһ£ǵʳ͹Եˣ
Сקקĸ׵·ڴ
ܳԱ˵Ļܲһԣ
еΧע⡣λĸײ̽вʵĿ̽Сƨɴ
캮ضģһƥܲ£أˣ㣡
һһĿУЩĿ⽥ƿˡ
ĸܲĵֹȥɲҪٴѽǼһȺŮֻʣôˣҪʵԵĻҲǣҲȫ
ĸǮϡأԭһʲôۣЩˣʲôۣ
񲻶ʲôͨͣһߺӣһֻرƵȥˡ
ǿ˯ЩҪߣֻսϽ쵽
Ǿذһ𣬵ȴµһ쵽ġ
µһ쵽ˡ
ҲǷǳ֣½Ȼչɽ˺ִʡ
ģոµ׺춼Ǻͮͮģ֧һկҲȷʵһƬ
˾ƣΪλУͲ޶һ£Ĵһ£Ȼžƾܸӵؿѫ
ַǾþɳ֮ˣ֪ߣԹڴˣµذ
ͷƵѫˣô˵棬Ҳûɫˣӹƾ˵һﻰ
«͵ܣؽѾˣһ˵ı󶯣ȾͽӪկһԼݾķͼԬܡ
½վûס֣ͳһ
Ͳ̫òҪ貹ҲҪͣΪ˵ķӦǿҡ
AڵøƵġ
ڻңȫ̻ûС½һѸٻָǸľګӣͺȷʵһֵͬͬͬˣʯɽ޹ϵһ㡣
ѫı򱱶ȥʱݵıҲ϶Ԭܵļ·ƺڴѹԬ̷
֧¶ɺӣѾǰˣӰߵչʿ糤һͷҲβʢʱƺŵò㶪
Ѿ˲ˣϽӰԬ̷ˣ
ƺӱ˵ı߽ߣԥΪˮïƽ̹˵߶ʲôǵԵʣѰҲܹŹϰһƬƽԭϣֽ˿ѣ˾ס
˵Ԭ̷ʲôʱδ֪ģЩֳʳȴʵʵڵġ
ѾʳԼҵĵؽ׼ĹõԬ̷Ȼˣ
ӻشկһƬɹǿʱ˸ųܵˣȽźܿظϡ˲᲻öʳǻи᲻õĶ
ЩӻǵĽŲֱܽկ
Ӹʲô˴ǲɺӣ
ȻЩ˵ȷײеúܣ˴ӲǮὫŮץȥӱֵأһΣȷʵǱģ
һ󼦷ɹ󣬴ӻָƽ
ǸǾþƽģʹһ١
䣬ҹʱ˱һ
Ԭ̷оǺů͵ģýʵ˶ͷ˲һ㺹
ԬԼȴûвһ㡣
֧÷ǳ䣬·ʱĺ紩ףͷķ϶䣬ѵ棬šššһ첲ǧٿס
оһֿ̣ñ˿ֿ̡ʿ֪ľ˶Ӱǻ֧
߷ߵ룬˿߬øЩ
ǹͼдš
Ԭܺϣܹһ֮λԴӿս̬һֱǳиܶ˲²½ֻƽԭԪˣֻ
Ȼ˭Ҳ˵ԸĻԹޡ
ȲϺʱĵ¹ۣҲǸ֮۵ģҪֻ취дŻһˣȥȰһȰԬ̷
ЩڶմսվԬ̷һ˶ôȰġ
һźǶЦü°ͣÿһ͸ƣȴʲôТ
ĸТԬ̷޺޵롣
ʱܹġ
ʱ׷ǵǺӱҪԬҵɫҪΪûԼĸĸТҪ飬Դֲڵʳȱˮ
Ԭ̷ؼǵǶӣǵΪŸ׳ЩӵʳкǵҲһǵ÷ԵĴƬݲݣǵΪǲɢ۶ѰȥҽʦǵһϢڸɲ̾͵ϣǰһطڡ
ˣˣĲݵҲˣֻзĵĹ⡣
ûѪԵϵƯ游һ߹ڲڷ΢Ц
ΧԬ̷һجΡ
￬õݺԭΪǸѾˡ
Ԭһ쳤Ԭ̷һεǼӣԼڷϵ游
游Ԭеģ
ͼ˵׵һ첻һˡ
ȻԬţǰһ츸޷ָӾӣֵ˭أ
뿪ǵԬ븸֮ľֻԽԽԶԬ̷ؿݾ
Ȼʲô׵廹ûǸ̶ȣĵ
ҪѡһĿ꣬һսȻʱ븸׵ϵ
кХȻδУԬ̷ʶõĸ첲Ƥë멹øЩ
żỳǸڶҹΪҴһҴӵĸס
Ҳ縸ǰТģԬ̷룬Ҳ˿·ζסڸ׵ĹԣûûҹĬģѾٿڵĴɽϸľѧʿҲ޷Тġ
ΪȥܶྫƷ澱ʲôϧ
λԬҵĳСͼ׼һΪսʱȷС
ϧԬеͷ­


491 
塢ѫ裵Ķʱ,ƮƮͬϼһ㣬פۿ
ǽ֧˵ıΪӢǡۡ½ĻذǼɹѡ,˵ҡ,ֻߡ
ǵʿ·ͦ,¶ˮ޵С·ʱɵˡ
Ǵһ,һõսƷͣ
˶˵ǮǴľǮˣ
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Ǿججǰ,ҽǵϡ
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ȻûбԬҲҲû㹻ıפأǿһԵġ
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ھʹûһ½Ȼ۵ĺ½ۣǾС½ҲС
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493 
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494 
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ʿǶһ죬ҹҲֻԽǶȻܹ˵ζж¡
ļȻҲҰӪӪԴԴΪԺȣܿƮˡ
䣬ܲ
һˡ
Щӣˮʿϡ
ꢳеģҲеģ֣Ӫ֧ʿůȥ˯
ӪʿͲš
ʿǾ߶µվڷڣĲ֪ˮˮ
ﲻǵļңǵΪ˭ս
ƽм߹ͬףûͷӶʪˣںĻ߹ʱʿס⡣
ˣסһļº͵ĳԣսʲôʱܻȥ
Ŀ⾼ؿǡ
ֻʤǣǲܻŻȥ
˱ǿ׳ʤ
תͷȥ˿ԶĻ⡣
ӪԵޱȻꢳΧ棬ꢳڵúܲ룬˭Ҳܿ϶
˲ҹ뿪ҹоʱľǲһģǿԴ׷ϣȻ¾
ʹǴ®֮󣬼ݾȻǣҪΧЩ鷳
ǵͳ˧һüıȺھзһ⣬ɶ˻һ
Ǿ
һҵĺ˵͵͵ȥϮӪ
ǣǣǻҪϮӪ𣿡
С½ĬĬص˵ͷЩ߶µʿ̶չˡ
ˮˮϣͷһɣ
ͨġ


495 
ɫȥ,ȴůģΧ¯ԻһƬ,һƬݿˣһĢŻЩʱմһմͽ
ССһ̺˾ƣһһ׵յ͡
Ǿôȱ߳ԱߺȣųţӷͺǸп
͸ڳųԹŶ
ʾһͬ
ҾͲѫ,ֿԡӷ˵,˵ʲôҲսġ
½ռне㲻˼ֱȥ
̧ͷһ˾ܲ
ߥѫֿԵĻһɫһҲû䣬æòҶһպԡ
̧ͷ,Ҳͣһ硣
ӷ֮Ҳ,˾ܲЦ˹֪֮
ǵ׺ͱжȲˣ˵,ƾʲôʤǣ
ҹѾҹ,˵Ǳ,ʵҲ׼ȷʱʿҹʼǿѹʱ
ͩͲĻѱҡһ,ӪصӰҲǳǳ,
ǰҹʿ˯һʪҲ˯һ˼ʹ,ֶģ۾尾
˺ҹеʿʣݵģģ®ģʧȥսԱԼһѫ֮⣬˶ˡ
һ˫ʹ۾ûһ˿˯⡣
ֻѫǼƤë멣Ѿª˯ˣûǸһС衣
Ȼ˼ˣȴ׼Żһս
Ȼãȷʵǳ˻ϣ⣬һ롣
׺ͱбȲ˵ǱѪ¡
ݵһ¡
Ѫ£
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ıǴģڶ¾̣Ѻһ·շת˲֪ٿ࣬ЩǾݱܱȵġ
ס˵ĹƣƾʲôΪľݱԴһ漣أ
ڶԷⲼĴ˿̡
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ˡ
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ݱֻ˼ǶӲͣˮҲݲƵģĸꤵҲûǸڳԵ㡣
ݱҹǳԹһζȵģӪΪཪһζٽ˷ڵһȥůڵġ
ǳԵãҹһͲڷ꣬ʹҪǲ˯ƤƤƲסһ𣬴
ϮӪЩһѹʿСֹҹôϮӪ
ǵĵӶˣҹҪܻǣӪأ
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ϮӪȲҵȲٵһȣ춼ˡ
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ѲӪʱ龰᲻Ϊ⡣
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ͬҲסս
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Ͼҵҵʿܿ쿴ȼŵĺ̴غУ𽹶
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ڼݾս¡¡ʱ򣬾ݾһսҲõ˵ͨ
ݱԲ裵ӡǺģġ
ǸĹˣţܸ߹󣬾Ͷ㣬˵Ŀ⣬гԴζʱЦúܹ½ʱЦúͣһ⤰ܵѫҲܼһǿЦݡ
ʿʱǲЦġ
֣Ҹ߸ϡ
Ҳûʲôë˺ЩıԶһˡ
ݱԻҵӡǺġ
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Ϊ׼壡
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ֺڣ߸ڴ´żż
ʽսۣս밧Ӷ
ǸڵһţѾѪȾ죬꽽͸Ĵˣȴͷûء
ҽηкξ壡ؿˣ
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ؿˣ
ʿĺӦ
ǲͷ
ǵĽǰ棬ʲô£
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ʿĺˣߵҲȰϽԱ⡣
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ãߵȲûи𣬶̾һ
սԭӵİ


496 
ûϲҹս,仹ķ硣
˲ɱƴ£̫,϶,ʿҲɱʱͷ飬ʱǴһ,¾ˮ̳һʪġ
ڳҹд̺ܲһ
ǵֽŲҲóٻ,ˮϣ˵һϸֿķ,ϸϸظ
ˮֻĳһ,ҲֻĳһУ˫ʿһĸܡ
Ƕˤᷢ,ҧǿš
ݾͻоݾ,óìԶ
ҹôڣô
ָĽӲľһ·,賤ì̬ôˣ
ϴ⻯ΪӳصĽǰصоĲҲôӯˡ
ڴ߳,ӦŬЩЩġ
ǻѱˮҵöᣬ뿴ǰĵо,ٽͱȥͺܲס
ЩӰӰ´£ҡҡλΣȻһ±,ѾǵǰȻһԶˣѾӵҹվͷصĽϡ
ǵͷ­Ťˣ֫ŤˣıҲŤˣڻзɫʡ
սҲΪ죬Ƥܳùֵ
սԶԶǰ˻ħʱЩܣŻϲëжӢֻصƬϡ
ǵں˭̣
ݾţŲͲȥ
֮ǵӪկ᲻ɴݣɭϡ
ߵդҲβƬҲﻹ֧ѣءǾҲڰľУǿһһս
ݾֱ仯ҲˣҲߵˡ
ǰˣǻϲÿҪ޳ߣһشµ׷ȥ𣿣
ûлͷ
ҲܿţţеĶꪣ׼ʤ׷ʱҲòֹ
ûаܣ˵Ҳ׷
Ǹ佫ݺݵؿɱҽɣΪβܽǡ
׷ȥʣµĶҲҪˡ˵
ЩֿԼʸȥɱ˶ˣ
ݱԼ֮⣬жͬ۱
ǶһĺͿǼݱѵسͣݱŽʿʿ
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ǵ־տʼܻѵģԽԽģǵ֫򽥽ܿƣֱȫ̱ڵϣ޷
ȵʱЩ߽ͬǲսʿֻرԱ
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̫ѨһģǻǿҲһġ
ЩڽĳƣԼҲҪǸȥͨãԵĵطӴ֮ĺã壬Ҳǰһˣ
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ˣԭѡһůꢳţʮִ֣ΪꢳӦøԱԭλλʹǿԲģ裺嶼Ȱ׼ѫȻʲôû˵Ҳˡ
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ǳˣ޹ݾʿǺܸߵġ
˲սƷҶЩսƷиƷͷ㣬˵ļ£ԶʤǣмϵЩСЩǮǵĳǳʱ˲ꢳѽѽʱƾսƷĶ
ʿǲ˺ܶ࣬ҪΪһսһıҲ˲սƷЩʧͬȴҲزˡǶһ·߹簡
®ʿģʮһûʲôͣҲûʲôսƷҲû취ԼͬʬǴȥǵֵܣǵڣʵǸ֪Ӫկǰ
ǵʬǾ
·ϣֻ׵۾ںвͣᡣ
ôûлƽͳ˧أ
૵ʡ
ҪǻƽС½ôֵܣôֵܾͲ˰
ǵ˷
ϵѫһҲûôš
˲֪ãȻʹ޳


497 
컹ûȫ,иŽ߹
îʱѵſԿˡ
ŵӣſڴ,С̯
֧ѾѾկ,ǰˣڵۻûȫָ
ֶ̼е̰ĵ,ʱԭϼ۸ʱİѼ۸ϵЩ,߸Ʒ͵һ㡣ǵҲܳ,æ,ⲻҲ޶ҪҶൣ
ЩϱʱԵĶõĶ࣬һװϵʮǮ,ʮǮǶϲģСֻ̯ܽӰںãͷԵվں
˪һȥѾˣ·,һžܴƵġ
СŲҲ֪ʲô
ʿ߹,Сֱ
ʿһ̯Աд˼۸СľƣȾ߿ˡ
ʧСͷһԼ̰ĵӣֻ۾･ˮʱ,ȴȻָų⡣
ǿ̳ǣ
ʿԶˣ
ʮӵһ˳˳
СӵظߺʱʿѾڳŴݣ
ǶԴŶֵ̺ķվڳŴʮıӰ
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Ҳ۾һͻȻֱͦˡ
Ԭ̷ˣ˵Լ࣬ϡ
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ҪĸףͬĶӷҪֳһߵʹҿ϶ǲᾴġ
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ȡ
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Դװ˵ƵģҲһЦصȥʱȻһˡ
иʿʮˣĲСҲǶֶ̺Ǹ߹ڲǺһ͹ȥˡ
Ҳûעûкк˾˸һŵλˡƺ֮ǰŲһߡ
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½ֻɨһۣͽͷתˡ
ǲǹȼٵģҲӡ
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ͺС˵ﶯиʽú˻ӲסһʽȻһȻԱУұ֮Ȼֻʣʮ֮һһ˵ġʮ֮һһժҶɻȡ
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ֻܽԼķ߾̫ʷڹٶɣסŷѰһԬܵĲȻоսʱ
ı̫ʷȶģǰ˵֪ʲôԭое
һүҲŹˣ˵Ѿ޳ǷѾԬܵ⸽ˣŬأʱڵ
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ǰȫˣЦǺǵ˵ȷʵͦĿ׸λʹģǶñ¡
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ŷǲߵģߣһ붢ų·󳼵ĶҪСģԬ£׿ɱһһ֮»ðһȺԬҵȥԬ˵Ĺͷ˭֪ЩǲҲԬܰͨأ
СųڣԱ̩ɽ갰Թ֧һʱ䲻Ѱɣ
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ѡһֻ㣬ժʱӺȻƿһ
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㲻ʧڣԽºء
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498 
֧ˡ
֪µĻǳſЩ̯
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˳ӭ֮ǰ,Сܳȥӭˡ
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żݿ
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Ϊʲôˣһֱվģλúãʲôú
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лƽ
ƽʱЩ˵ϰһܾһжףǱӣ
µʱźǾګګֻ֪ɻģѰÿһԲ廰Ŀյʳɵ⡣
ǿսƷ۰ɣ
˵Щܻһͷţۣ
ôֻǱЩڴþ࣬Щ®ֿտأ
ʳʱݱЦ
Щ®ҲͬǱ𣿡ǽµǿûпǸ̫أǱʲôӣ
һƬУ·һۣмЦһЦ
Ҳ®·ͷҲ̧ġ
ҲһӣڿʱҲĴ˷˿ܣʿһ̫ƽġ
ֻûһ½ͳ˧

½ֻҪһĽǣǵֵڣҲὫʬƬĽҰУɺѻϣҰͲѻߣٽǿʳ
ѫһҲԡ
Χ֣žյȥҵİǰ
һؿ޻ҵĹҲŸͣⳡƺһʤ̡
Ҳ
徴˻ҵľƣA˻ҵľƣһȺѫʶʶ˶ľƣ״ҲػңԵ˽ԼǰĿҲȥ͸ƽԡ
ֱ˺Ȼ½
Ժһ֮£ǻþ½һ
һȺ˻ֿ½
½ƺһ
֪ʲôģһĿ⿴̽һȥˡ
Ȼҭ÷˸ۡ
Ű۵С½ǿˣҡʲô
㽫֮˫Ц޽кҮ
Ͻڰ֡
Ҳ˵ӢҲҪ
ѫͷʲôҲûʲôҲû˻л㱵ģƨ޻Ʋʡ
ıѾòˣʣһǧԬսвֵһᣬȻͬ˵ЩȰοĻ˵ʲôأ
һĸ̩ɽϵȣԼ֪߲֪ףʲôҲҪֻǡ
صǸĸۡԵһأȻϲΪҲûʲôΪҲûʲô
ǣð˺ôҵΪŮףһ£Ҳܹúܺá
ļҲֻĶعҲûʲôΪ˿񣬾
ô®Ķɶƹͬһȥԣ
ѫһƣһ
ȾǸůأоԼˣѾص®Ƶġ
յˣ׼ȥʱӣΪľյһ׾ơ
̨֡
ѫۣͷ̧뿴ǰˡ
ߵģ죬һǰοġ
ѫԴλƣҲԵǷǷӦ˵İο
˽˵˵Ļˡ
½ڣԬܾСݾʲôϸ֪أܹһ䡭
ԭ˵®֮£δ̨ǧԮҲ㡭
ЩҲڳֻǿϧЩ®ǡ
ѫľˣµشˡ


499 
ѫǸͦ߰Դ,һֱ½ģһ㶼ġ
ʱܾ½ֻǡ̶ѣʲô˲ģ
ҲԼ뷨,İ꣬޵ս֮,ʱ,Щ΢ս佫꣬ȥ֮У泯͢ؽġ
ڻ¹١ݡʿȨ,òɿʱû˻ῴЩ佫һۡ
ƾǵγ,߹صĽʿԶڳĬػŴ󺺵ɱūڻʱЩҰҲղĻĲ,һȥ,һ
˶׿Ҳ,Ҳ,Ƕϰսжȹһһꡣ
û˾ÿǷʲôǿԷ,ҪǴ˸ʤ̣͢ҲǮλⲻ㹻
ʲôľλЩҳĹһϸߵ,ʵˡ
ϸϸһҲֻϸǺѵõһصְλ,볯͢
ǵĶϣİֻҪһϮһ߿ʼжѧˢһˢʿ˶⻹пܵѫҲô
ѫһֱģƲ½Ĺðڻ
һսЩ¾ͱˡ
һ˫˫۾ڿ
ڰһ߳ĬظŶߣһʱʱῴϵͳ˧
ӦĿʱֻὫͷ¡
һõͷоܹòǡ
ǵͷŽţƲߴߴ
ǵͷڿ
ҹҲ
Ѫ״죬һ˫˫۾ڿ
ͷ­Ѿڵϣǻڿ
ȵ峿߳Ӫʱῴ̧һ߾ʬӪ
սÿһȥʿ
ЩսȴɲܹʿҲڿ
ÿ˿ʱѫ±ýӲ䡣
ͺҲûлǳսһ
½ǺģҲΪ
д³ֺ̬ᣬЦǸ᲻СŮ
ȷ˲ġ
һս֮ѫȷ¡
ȫףӣ˲Ϣսϣжƣ´ģսĽ֯һ𣬽Ҳ֯һһ򵥵֪ôʿ
ʿʡʿ򵥰
˧죬ȵشں棬ļݱһҪն죡ĺɱгϵĺ⣡ǧ˵ŶҪ˵ôǰ壡
Ѫʬһ۶Ҫˣ
ȻܴʬɽѪһ·߹ʮ꣡

ڡ½ˡͷ֮ѫоһ㡣
˵ֹҲû̫ϡ
Ǻףǳ͢׷ǧʯ̫أһաʲôأͲǳԴ뷹ġ
ߣȣֵƣҲԻ®ȥ˲ݹ֧ԮͳһҵʱλҲֻ߲͡
ǣԴһϲͨɲԹĶЩһϲͨ
ѫ̧ͷˡ
ҲңҲֵһ£ʮңҶֵܡ
ֵ֮ҲԬԬģֵҲǽѫûʲôֵܰġ
ҲԷҲûУȻҲỰﻰ½Ը
ѫüͷ
ǻ飬ס˻ͷ
ѫüͷȻչˡ
̾һ
Ӧȡõڸˡ
Ļּȥˡ
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콥ȥˣ˾֧ˣ˳Աˣ̰Ƶ˵Ȼȣرⳡչһ˼ʹϵһµġ
½ԱˣҲôԺȾƣһһЩҪ￪ᣬҲ׼ȥפڸӪôˡ
ͬк׼ȥʱ˺ܲȻվˡ
¸账Ⱥֻֽһƺи񣬵ֺܽӲش˴꣬£иˡ
ֿ½㣬ãͬȥǡ
˵˳·
캮ضʲô˵ꢳһñǡ
Ťͷһ۳ȺתͷǺɡ
ˣ˵ԺӾڸڣû
㶡
͵͵ǡ
Ҳ조ۡ֡
֣üչȥ
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ŶʵӦ£֪
ֱ˵ˣ
˻ѣ͸ĻսꢳӰӰ´¡
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Ⱥһھ͸ˡ
ЧҮ
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Ⱥһèܲˡ
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ӲӣЩ¸ûɶϵֻӦһ
ꢳڹʮֻ谵ģ
۾ֵĻɢ峺Ĺ⡣
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ҲֹΪƽ
Щ߰ǻ﷭ţƽ
ЩµĹ֪ͣС֪µЩźá
ɻؿﲻˣ
̨ˣ̷ѣ𣿡
۾תһ£ƺڻ䡣
ȺΪ¶һɫȷʸЩġ
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ֻת˻ƽ͡
ˣ˵ЬҲǺҪġ
Ⱥưһ
ҲЦ
ֱҭסˣܿһƤĻش
Цݣ
ꢳһƬµļžС
ƺܻʱҪһ㡣
ȭͷŭ룬Ȼйˡ
Ҽмѫã²
ˣʲôϵҺûûԹ
Ⱥ̾һλãѾгԹˡ
ɢˣгųиȥ
뵹ùĳ´ºͼͤһЩ˳·Ҳͬһܳһֱļڼʦ
˴յһʱܾúܸп
ЩĴ˪ѩģоԼİ׷һһࡣ
ڼҲϴˣҲ֪ôģ;뿪ͶԼʱʲôڻʲôģ
ڼһ멣ꢳҡؿųڡ
ûƣֻ˼յȾƣһԼ嵭СˣûôЩڡ
忴ˣԼȴ֮꣬С塣
λԼܱ˾ĵʿ߶߶ִ񡱵ʺбĿãȻˡ
̨񣿡


500 
ϸһ¡
ѫһԷȾƵĽе,̸˵أݣʼм,һĽûˡ
ʵǼĴЩͬѫԸĻһѶŮͬ׵ģϾǧʯ̫,Ѷ·,˵ҲһѶŮⲻã
ѫֵúܣսǰ尵ʾս󿴵ѫ̴ǸģҲЪġ
׵ǳһߵ˶ԹĽЪҲǳһߵ˶ַϲı,ڼڼ䲻,Щ̿,֪ǲԼѫ̫䵭ˣʲôס
ꢳĬһ,ɸɰͰ͵
Ҵ̨Ǻܿ,ֻǡ
Ǿͺ,ڼ˵ͺá
ȣԣҲס
ڼԼĺ롣
ˣ·ʲô,Ҫ
㶵ؿʲô
СͷҲֻͣҪһһ£ǲǡ
ȽЩشҲףڲܸ˭أ
Ӧ
ꢳؼǰߣлžӳüڼ
һ£μǡ
ߴͽ̣
ӪзͷϳڣסǣԼʿ֮
仰еľζŨһ
ΪΣ
ǣصӪʱʿҲӪˡ
ΪţƣЩ;ʿҲڻ֮׵Ǿơ
õ·Ҳǵ
ڴã֭Ҳһ
֭ɫģڣ֮⣬ɽһЩҲϾȥ࿴һۡ
ǵ·ǲġ
սʱװȻװ
ǵ·ͣѪиɺԵĭ֭ȥһɫĺۼΥ͡
ԯŽѰһӰվʱǵȷԴȵġ
˺ͱһ⣬
ͬŴƬյĿϣʿںؼˡ
ǵƺõģƺǷģںģȫȫܵһ֣ȥδô
ЦȲӪկˡ
һ£Ǹ˹ȥ
ܿͼڻĸˣӵʿԼһһڹһָļУξͲ˾
˴ú٣ŽڻһƣŤһŤźһѩ׵ĸ첲ڻȥӦûѧ裬úܽӲ㶯ˡ֫ϸֻҪ΢һ㣬ӮЩ˵ĺȲʡ
һֺȲ֮Ƴǵͳ˧վſڣغһ
СĵſڵϣһҲҶǼ佫ߵϲ£Ǻܴݡ
ЦҪ̧ͷһɫô
Ǿûȥô
廷һȦ˭˴Ӫеģ
պȻסˡ
˲ŵؿ
֣أԼʿѽ
ֹڼƺЦһ¡
ҲгģѵҲ֪ԣǺεȵġԼ𣿡
ĵ̣ǰͬʿ˵ģҪɱˣҪŻ𣬲ҪӲҲҪŮ
Լʵܲףܲٵݱһûиĸ޶ҲûһԻȥǵսǱݱǿˡפر߽ô꣬ʲôƻĵûʲôĿûԹ
սģҲṩǣҲṩǣֲܽ׹Ϊ¤ôƽʳ󣬾ȻµƬսͣ
ǽٻԼǴʿʱģҲΪԼĹе
תҰްججȳһ¾Ǿÿط¾ЩŮס
ǼʧȥУȴӲŲϾ
ѾҰޣҲǴ
ô·໥жɢˣ߳ܣˣֻȼ֧бһ֧
ڼ˵һȰҪһԼʱʲôҪһʱʲô
̫ˡ
ѵȰ˵
ڼؿһֻۣǸʿһȴ
ǲΪ˻ȥȨ֮ƣһһ˵ҽȰҲΪ˽պİΣ
ȻֺǷŭѵҵĽʿΣ
ҪΣܻȰһ䣬ڼ˵½ɲᡣ
ҲûΡǣǸǮģ
ӵȻӻоѣֿһǸſڵϵĸˡ
ȡӸͳӪȥǰѲӪĬĬżڼĻԽټ°Ӹˣв֮£СĶͷ
ȷʵ̧ͷĸм
ĪлңƽùӪ֮µģ룬ҪлĻлǸŶӽӴԶͽʱܳնһֻЬӵ½ɣ
½ϯϣ˴š
̿յúȣȥ𣬿úֺ뽫ֻŴ档
˾ֻܲţͦһؿ
ֻˡ
ôˣٴﻹȥϢʲô𣿡
¾ã´¿ȰҲһԡ
Ŷ
񲻱µЩǡ
ƲƲ졣
Ⱥ˵Ļ˾ܲ˵һ顣
˾ܲǱȳȺ˵ıµġ
Σ
ͷͦõġ
ǽһӣ̳꣬ʶҲԸô
Ҷֱӳģ᲻̡
˾ܲҲֻ۾
˵һʱҲһʱҲ񾡹֮ô
⻰ϸ룬ҡҡͷ
Ҵ⡣
ΪΣ
Ҳ߹ｫҲʲôͤ˵ҲʲôپЩԵġ
Ż⣬˾ܲ鸴ӵؿ
Ҫʥ𣿡
һ
ûʲôʥͣ˵ֻ־ڴˡ
վƿţһȻ˽
ȺѣˮһĹԡ
Իˣͬһ׹һһľɰ
ȥҪʱ˾ܲûס˸硣
ȷʵһһġ
ȻȥԸ߸ɵҲøɵˡ
Ĳӵ˾ܲûΪʲôͻȻ˵㶵ؿ˻ڣֹš
£˾ܲʡ
̰˵ʿͷȥ߸ģǵʱҲͷȥ𣡡
˾ܲһ飡Բ۾עܾã
˾ô۵Сһ̮ȥˡ
²ѧǳСս֮£޷
û£οսҲôܰæ
˾ܲͷһȻ̧ͷˡ
۾ŹĹ⣬ܻЩ취һ֮ġ


501 
ҵؿ˾ܲ
ڼҵɵ,Ҳɵ˲ͬ˾ܲԼﾭƽֻҪǰ,һܱ׼ʿ󣬱˵Сһ˿˵½Ҳһ˿˵Ǹڶܽ,Ҳ֪үү˶ٲױƵġ
е㲻̫Ծ,һô,͡͡˳
˾ܲƺ,ǲС£
ûУû,ο,Ժ϶ҲдϢģ
Ϣûбο,Σק˻,ȡ
СС廻һȲ,ڶҹƮƮİ
һ棬˾ܲˣ
Ԭ£ҾսʤԬܷ񣿡
е,˵ŬŬԬܣкܴյġ
һԬ,ոӱ񣿡
һʵʵҡͷС
ΪΣ
ԭе㸴ӣһԱ֮Ǻӱ̫ˡ
ԬܷӴһ֧ӣⲻ£ݻƽ£Ҳʮʮ֮ڡƽº󣬲ûԼȶĴ󷽣ǵĺ󷽳ŸֺǿңЩʿͬʱҲŵطٵλãڳ͢Լļʿƽ֮ЩطѸٱ
쵱ɵһֻȫЩĵʿ塣
Ԭܵķȫ£мȶĺ󷽣Щʿҳ϶ȼߣҲ໥ϰߣҲΪ֧һ̳˶ͷѪʼ֧ԬܵͳΣһԬܿʵؽȨ·Ÿһ
ӱϵǭ׻ô£½ɵģԼݾţһԴ̬ȿײܲλ¶ġҲѷѡ
Ǳߣƺϰ۵ģ޶СںӱȻ࣬սҡ
𽵹ĶڵʿܿҲʹһĶ䡪˵ЩʿǴģΪ½ʮյ룬ľ˵ʵԶĵͰéݷģųҪֻΪǮˡ
սȷ˿־Ķ
ΪսĿ־壬ʹúӱҺǿѹȵǰ£ҲҪǵȫҺƶϡ
ײİաмĹʿˡֱӲսʿԼϲ佫Ĺ٣ǵⳡսǰͳһˣǣӱһս
뷽跨ʤԬһһֱϻؼݣҪ˵˽ʣ׷ܣֱɨƽݡȷǾãⲻ̫ס
и·ʾãƺԱֻ޵ʾһ¡
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Сˣ
ͷ
ҼȥѰѫԴǰȣԴֶԽ갷񡪡
Ȼһֻ֣ȵȵȣôģ
ˡ
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˾ܲ侲ػش𣬡ֻųԡ
ˡε˵
ֻ갷̨ߣԽĲԣ⻹С¡
Ĳ쳤ˣ΢΢ſоԼڵִֺ
д£
ҳǸˣûеκҪְ̣ҲǮڣֻһ߼ҼҶҲôԼģ
ˣÿ·ҲǲĻʲô·Ҫʲô׺ʲôΣʲôıϥʲôķģʲôͷڣ
һȺòŮ
ôɶ£ɶأ
һԼ·
ˣҲֻǺʿ˳常һڷԣҲԽԽŴ³˷ȥˡ
һʱоûʲôԴǾֹһ棬ˬʣеʡ
ãеܡ
λз̸ʿһʣΥ͸оˡ
һģĳۡԼҸҲͷڻᴩӵ·Ҵͬεͷıϥֱ滹һǶƤëĴ멡
ǸƤëȻҲǽ׵ģѩһһͱúܾϸ
Ҫ˵ʱҶԼѹ׵·óϸһҲûʲôʱҲûж죬ֻľӪݷãȻҲһף
ӾͲһͷ⻹ҵˡ
Լٻ£һ̳ĳʮ־ɣʱԾȥˡ
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ԵõЦһЦкι£ҵҵģǽӢ۰
ܾ֮ƺӢۣ
λʿԼĺ룬ЦݣƺǹУԽܻ֮ʦ಻ܿӱҮ
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˿ʼ߸ж鷳Ǽ찺󣬵խ޷չ͵ǰ£ǿǼֱǵɱǰֵҲ˲أ˻ȥʿ䣬ҲֻǽǾ˻
򵥴ɨսʱȺ˺ƬʬɽѪ﷭˰죬뷭һû
彲ŽžͼˣĭɵϣԷ΢΢üͷҲȫ֪
ûע⵽Ͳ̵ĻҲ͸ˡ
˰죬ǽ߿ֱ࣬ڸ͹һˮʱŻڣ
ӱ׳
һ
첱ȥ
ʱ㾴彫֮ģòʷθ
۾±и߽֮ңҵλ
λʿҭһ£һʹļס
αִԲأԬ㣬ƲɵҲҲΪԼ˼һ·
ڳſڵС̯ˣһӣһ߿Уһ߿ȥĳ俴һغɫȣ߿ĥ
¿ģӵģҲģϸԹ
Сͷ˹ǿʲôأ
ȣ˵Щȡ
ڣиֵǷģвǲСѰǣСϲ
ҲҪ򣬡ﶢſҪ
תͷС㶵ؿȥָŵĵ
Щȣ
Сŵһ飬Ͻյȥ
ϷŪСأϽ˵С⣬⵶ҲȰ
Ǳĵһǲɡ
ʱţҲûչֵı֣Ըôţ
ǰ󡪡
ŴȻһ֮ǰЩ˻ģһһӡĿڲͬεԶ̴һƥսһһλѵصʿԦš
ͱȽϽӽӣ
½͵ֽͷתȥ׼ϸһƥڼʱϵע⵽
񣡴񣡡һ̳ϲõسˣ֪Ҫô


502 
ϳʱ,ʵҲûرᣬʱȾϲ,ϴ·ͻɫ,˽Ĵ岻ôǡϴ·⣬·˾ͻһ·Ƣȥ
·ϸü,մʱ뾫񣬵ϴͿʼɫҰҲЩȻں
һ··С̯̾͵ĲϯϳԱӣûʲôġ
߹£ر⡣
һװġ
˻ȱǮȱϵ֮,佫ǶԼ൱ģ˴Ҳ൱档
һɹƬŲưĹ,Ȼݵĸ߼佫,ŶûеС̯,ѳƵϡԡ
οôһƥأ͹ˮ׳,ӵشչñ,Ȼһǣһ¶ζĲ
Сλٿôһ߼ܳӲûΪ
λʹ,ҵϯ,ΧһȦҲΧС̯ԡ
Сųؿɡ
ȥһ,תͷ齺δ
ͷظߵڶլۡǰпñ
ɵͷ
Ⱥˡ
С鿴еҲе£ɶû̫ע⡣
Χ̽ͷ̽ԵΧۣһĹҲûֻˡ
Ŀ˽･ȥˣŴһСĵط
ιԭͦ򵥡·ˡ
ⶫۣûкµʿ޷̣޷о޷ɻվڷڶ
ûĻҪо֣ԼʿһƬһƬزӪоͻߣȻ󲡵ʿͱҲ޷վΪսһѡ
Գŵɭ֮ͳ˧һҪΪԼʿ׼µġ
̫ʷǱΣ
ҲѾˣ˵ֻ·ϲЩö෬ũ˱һߵӪկб
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ͷ
߸ӪկǸпԽԽ䣬ԬҲ׼ռݽͨҪԼĺڲߡ
ϱûԭкܶ࣬˵ѫȷʵˣٱ˵֧ͲͳһжЧȻҲǿǵģٱ˵ݾҲѾ˱ȥײǽˡ
ҡҡͷƽ˵ǱֻǧңһģԮδء
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ȱȻһ£Ǿݾһλ죬ս˵λ˺ܴĹͣ˾֪һλӢۣ
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ڲϯϣ꼸ֺڲŽⳡսϸڽꡣ
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ƽסôһ΢ɹĲҪʮƽҵиһ߼ĴһССϯӣϯӣϯϰһֻ
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Ще֣еСڼʱһʧˣһӱ÷ǳ飡
ԼȻҴˣǼһֱQȥ̬ͬҺѵģǸģȵʶʱ˵̬ƺһ㲹ǸƵġ
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һˮһߺһߴȺˮ֮ӦûԼˡ
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ѰҲã˵ֻȷʵЩ֡
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ԼҽϣԥҧҧҲøոոһ߳
˾ûˡ
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ֻܿǲˡսֻиߣˡ
С۵ģͷȥЩҲǸ·һ˶뵽·
뷨鷳⡣
СҲˣװԼ뷨ǳ泲־ƾʲô˼أ
һ̤ǰŵס߾Ҫ˰
Һ˺ܾá
ҪǿԸһͭ쯣滹ʵĵģܶƤͷɱ
˿սҲƵģ̣ꪳôҲüӳЩ÷ˣܿȣʿҲö
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Լҵʿõ죬ҲõµλѵͿ
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503 
ĥԼ,ɺͻûĵúܿˡ
Ϊ˻г˲ͬķ,Ҫͬװ»,˵ǰŲûмףƤײ,ףõ֣ٱ˵ûпЯʽ˵ܲܰסȣɼ飬ûȫϿ,ðҪó,ϾսⶫȻ,ǰ׳գ֪ŬѵͲ֪
Ǿ߶߶ģֱĵȵĶȷˡ
Ҫһܹܿĳ̫̿еֽ濪ʼȱȻ
һţоë,̫У
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ȵŵʱɻͷддѾ۵˵ĵز֪ʲôطһľ,ϻɣǲģ˾ǣ˾ǡ
ع,ڻʲô
ëڤ˼룬뺺ֻһͼгԸһģʱݡ
ŶͷȻһ㶣ⶫҪûȥģ
ٻķϣ޸٣ƲУӪй޲ꢳӪկ޴ӽֻͻȥźá
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ԭܼ򵥣ʮУֻһ
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λѡúãլۡмСǸͬ˲֪һ˲˵˼Ѱ˲꣬ý˲
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λûڻ䵽˶ŶӳŮʶֽӹȻһֻȣĬĬؿ
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504 
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505 
ѫӪկǰ߹
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ٱ·СڴУżöǮ,ʿҲ⣬һǼߣ
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506 
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ǸöšȻ˵Ȼֱˣ·ĵĵ
ɸϽǸлָΡ
Զսܲ·Ҳˣ
·ҲߵɺʵڲһһûĽµġ
ʲôʿֿѣ߻쵽ز
Ҫ֪˵ʱϿЩƽľګ񲻹һ˰оøָűᷢŭôһλŮɣλѡ˶ֵ²Żᱻ˵
ȲԸ˵ȥҲû׷ȥ
ʲôĵ𣿡
ҪһҲԸѡ񡣡
̽ԶĴˡ
˵²ƽ
͵תͷ
仰Щĵˡ
Ϊʲôܵ
仰½˵ģĪš
˵仰ʱȴ˿ûнֻضһ£ƽź磬޶Գһɺ⡣
ڣ˵ãƳ£ͬģγ²
Ѿˡ
д˳жⳡԻСûѰͷܣûдˣ̫ˣ
Ĵ˻ѣϸּһ׼ҹɽͷ͵طʬһһشʳƤı
ĵظͷʲôط·Ҫôߡ
ûټ˵λֿѣֻڻسʱżһ񣬾ͺǸСׯǲֻһ·
乥佫кܶ࣬ѡ˭еĵһ·
λֿѡƺ˵ڶ·
۾·еʹࡣ
·á
ǷŲƾճǰģĽŵݸĸ
˵ŵ˴ź䣬ڵģͷκһ޲ͬоֹȴ˿ǭס
ĸߴĿֹжȣƵϱĸʵظ֪صǷš
ýĪǸŮд
֮Աǣ򣴨ʿţϯ̸һµ͵ģ
һ˵һ߲ſһۣ䡣
ٳµ棬ǰţ
д˵˼㲻ϸƲϾɡ
Ϊûһݵλʹߵ̸УôдأǸƭأʹƭ֣ﰵʾһкôֻֽϣҪԴȥݸģôأ
һޱ³֮ˣľϣǻᾪʧһֽȥѰԼ
һˣϸϸضǷţ꣬ҹصزǰ̷Ǵյǰֶ顣
м䣬䶼дĿϡ
ҶѰͶԬΨȥͶⲻǰҳϵһ
ҳߣȴ֪ϧίΣɳ鰵Ͷӱʶ֮ʿΪ̾Ϣģ
Ԭһ֮²ƽ
¶˾ġ
첻ѫġ
λͬҲףųޱѾΪ֪ģһȥݷʱһԣȥݷòʱ裴ֻѫһر飬˵Ͼ䣬̽¾䣬ɵٶӡ
Ҳã۽ôиΪԮʱǵǸһٿһգ˵®
ѫɫüˡ
ڵóλ֮ͣԱ
̨ˣЦʵ̫ˡ
ȷ̫ѫڵΪһƣ˶ȴģ
룬£ǣһλҸأŴԣ֮
ǣѫñӺһ΢ã͵ƫǰ㱰֮ͽȴ֪δʥ飬һƱ㲻֪ˣΪ³Ц
ǰλüҲȰ
˶֮ԣ֪ҽɽҪɺģģѫΪɽ𢣬Ҳϯлһл˶
üͷչˡ
ѫյݸҺڷҷԺ£˳⼫ˡ
ⷬһ
˶ǺףЩһͷȥˡ
Ԭǰˣ»ֹ
ܹѽ
ôأ
Ǹ⡣
Ȼ²Ǵ󺺵Ӱ뵽˭أ
Ԭ̫һķɽô뵽нģ
ʵ˵ԬҲ˵ˣ˷ʵΪ˾ˮ
αѱ棬Ҽ˭֪أ
Ǿù½Ⱥ˵оһ˾֮ࣿ
˵ʱ˶Ѿƺȡ
ѫᣬסԼֵ֣ܵϯ˶Ȱ֮ԣҾ䶼ǧɣ½ùģ
ػһ£˳񣿡
λ®̫ص۾ͻȻ޵ľ⣡
˶и֮ң
Ƴһſ̷ۣѫȻ
ȥ
ѫǷźϣûһ˿һľŭǷ߿
ûʲô꣬룬ԬѫͬԿǶôȷֶôǵıϣκ˶֪ôѡ
ѫȷʵԥˡ
®Ƶҡ
һ׽ס֣ټأ
ӴһҲ
Īص˵ͷ
ˣѫһλ֣Ըλһ֮
ϻͷôȷ̬أҪ裱̬һܲ׵¡
ãڲˡ
ΪѾɹ£ѫһ˱֤ҲԸһ®Э
õŵоƮƮأѫӪأ׼سǵʱָıһ⣬ԼЧһ㡣
ȥݾӪأطԸ򣬡Ҫȥݷò̵«
⻪ԯŶʱѫһֱڵ첱עϷ̳ĺܼĵȫʧ󣬲ŴԸˡ

гҪȥ̡
޻ʲộѫֽŲõҽǣҪʹ


507 
ѫظʱ,ͷֹȻڲ֯ϯˣҲЬ,ӡ
ֱмɫ,лһ,һڳȻǶĿ,ʱʱӱһȣ־̫ͻأЩ,£½¡
ĥµʱ򣬳ôɣƽһñϾе֮˾,ֹʱҲܽ,ܻ䣬ֹⷢ
˵λ񱼵ߵÿҪĸƢζ³®̫ڵſڣ˲³ٻһŸŲһһӡߵ̨ʱѾһֹ,ЦǺǵسӭˡ
ʹϲŭɫ,ѫģҲһ
ҰײҰ׵,,ͷȴ˺飬һ·ĻҳһǱ,ҡ
̨֣Īǳʲô£
ѫǰ׽ס֣ģһҲܷɣֻԲϴڸкСƫ˿ַܷͼǿ۾ôģ¹ҡСĸ¡֪
ǰҪһѫźһ˵˿ȴͻȻ΢΢һα㽫ۻο
еˣеذ󣬽λֵܴҡ
յɫȥǰŹϡ
ѫˮоԼڻָ˹
ոһ·ȷмεȴЩȻûȣѫ˵һûԹĿ࣬ߵͷԣȵ棬ƨµë̺ҲůڵģǾԲ嶼罭һҶۣƵƮȥ
ȻĿ࣬ǲܵģıǷţԼпܵѱ䣬׮׮˵ˣ
е˵ţš
ûʲô顣
Ѿˣޱ˼˿ҲԽȣƾϣ˵ҲֻǾ
˫۾Ҳھؿ
һ˫ʱ̴Ц۾ڳսܹʱƺǺеģ
ֻд˿̣˫۾һЦҲûˡ
ڶ纮̶һ㡣
ƽ˲
ѫҲȷԼĴˡһλ˵ۣȲűҲûв裻˲ţ
һ½ƵʲôȥԬܽˣ··ĵ̣һָҲ͹ˣ
ͨˣϵҲ͸ˡ
꾡ü߶Ļ㱨ص˵ͷ
ִң˳ϡ
ѫ̾ˡ
󺺽ɽѹ͵һϣȴɱΪ͵ܷǣ͵˵ʵһֻġֻһģ
֣΢Ц
һǻθأԬ棬ɽʱִ˹ӣ
仰ѫ޶ˣæе׷ʣ
͵ҪǱ̣ԸΪǰ䣡
æ֣
ΪΣ
һԵĺ޽Ǳغ˿ڲˮ
˵ִ˶һǡ
ѫʱʮǱߵʱȴܷ⡣
۾ԥݵλеؽ̨ףĿ˶ѫĿ࿴
˭Ҳ²ѫΪζ²۽ǰǱػصǣΪλܴ
Ǹ֮˰ظĿλԲ̫뿪վԺֹƬ̡
ǵȷֹֻƬ̵ģϹٶûü߹ѵ⣬ҪǸϽԻصλȥ飬ܹˣ
һǾݵĲʹ
ûģ
һرʺ۷Ļҳ˵촽Ҳ÷ϣ
ҲǱģ
ңңСǸеǣ裱µĻ̫һģһ
죬ΪͨµҪʹ
½㱻ʱظڵСѾָƽ
Ҳָƽ
´ӰµСϻȡδɵӣϸĵֹ
Ƥë߾ţ߹ȥǸ߻еȺġ
֮û˵Ȼھ۾ظβ
½̽ͷ̽Եؿ˼ۡ
ֽˡ
ͣһֹһۡ
ڴˡ
ɫۣҺ̣һӺõϵ̿Ƥë̺м䣬ӲǳĳһĨӯӯĴ⡣
˺е۲ڴؿԼ
ǸŮġ
Դȥˡ
б׼㡣
½˷ܵ½ͷ̧ҿԼѡ𣿡
Ǻһɡ
ҲҪ۵ɫ𣿡˵Ҳᰡ
ɡ
е㲻ˣתһ룬˼ֶʲô׬ģֿ
ҲУŵùġ
׼һʷ˵ô
ô
սǰĸСϷ˫Էһ
˵ԬܱҶݴʷݴʷû˵һΪԥݴʷ߸ɵ졤ݴʷֱõԬݴʷ
ɶð
мںۡ
Ҳĵ׻⵽ɶá
ô˵¾ҪսںսⶼĵԷԼžˬ
˵ӾҪɱԬԲ˳͵µˡ
쵽ӡ緵ģ
ĥˣһɶ
˵ˣʵ׼𣿡
ͷܻϣɻعٶɣѰ϶ƴΣ
գգۣһ¡
ʮΧ֮֮ԬܱңȴΧ
ͱٶɣ˳ٻ˵˼ȥĪԬ·ΪҪ
һ˼
Ԭ·ȴڽݴֻ̫ͣʷȣ·Ԭ̷½ҲҪΧƣӦ
ԬܣأͬʱϣܴںǰˮϷݹܴ̾úˡ
ҿԡ֮˵Ǹԭһϸµġ
ƴҲƹһϸ£˵һ㶼󣬿ʱ㻹Իһ죬ʱսϾ͸ˣ
죬ʲô
㻻һ죬յｫͤݴʷǰǺεģҪ룬ٰ֮ǰǸǸʲôȱҲһдȥʿʿ
һǸ棬о߳ܡ
УһڻؾҼǲ֡
ˡ


508 
ʵƵһ,սԵ䣬ǽߺ񣬳ż,ڳµʯͷϸѡ,ʱȴϳǽ,ȻŰƴһҵѪɽʬ޴档
ǺһЩСǡ뷨,һս֤,ĹǵĸհԶЩʯͷͶҪ;С
˵һ³ʧ޵ľٱĳһʿҲҪһЩʯͷ´̨ףĹҲ,Щʯͷȥãӹǵǵ԰죬ǿ϶һ¡
ܾЩ,ΪЩʿ˹ӶЩ,ľͷʱ̨,˳㽫ľõĸҲǵľͷľݡ
ȼľס,Ҫ,Ҳ˸뿪һڳܶ෿ݵġ
һЩûô߲࣬¶Ŵˡ
ʿǮ,ֻҪǴʤ̣ܻԺǲǵ͹ضȹˡ
˵Щڳǽ£СɽһʯͷҲɶ
ƽ峵ƺӱһ⽴ͬһҲŴС·ʱǲԼҸһ䡣
Щʲôõأ
½Ѿˣ˾ܲɵһ𷵻̫ʷפصĴӪ
Ҳ·˳ſڣҲЩڳǽµʯͷ
ʲôӦûеģ˾ܲ࿴һۣЦЦ
ɻعͷһۡ
ٴЦʲô
Цʹ˾ܲ˵
ʹûгѾԼװ
ԭһ׵ģƤףϸƬȻΪþɳԵʣǼôöԵ޹⣬Ǵ
һףҲҽ̼Ȱ˵ģΪλȨأͬʱڽʿǰҲҪչֳһȫµģĽ˾η
ǹϸ˻iƣǶ˽ͱʯ̫һգ貣ѷԬܡ
ܺãҲݣҲ۾ԭĴϲԬ
жŵͭ￴ԼһۣȴǸӢĺܡ
һյˡ
Щʯͷس֮á˾ܲ͵
֪˵սδؾһиǱ
ˡ½ͻȻڡ
ϵκȻһ£Ȼˡ
ĵģԬ̫ܵͻȻǣҪһء
ĵģԬ̷ձжԥ֮ŵϵزסҪ˻ǡ
µҲЩ˵ıҲˣ䲻ܱԬܣһս֮
ʹĺ£
ʱʹָˣתͷʲô¡
ıԽԽ࣬ǰѾ߳оſ
ҲǴʱ׼ǵġ
ԼЩ˼ڸǵúܺãû˿óλͳ˧¡
žôñأ
Ԭôñأ
һӰѾǣ¼빤βڱ񣬶ͳ˳ӡ
ָӹӴľӣҪ´о´Ҫòܵǰ
ܶӣ֧ʱҪζɺӣݻ᲻ңʿ᲻ɢݲܸܲϣûʺӪĵط
ﱻЩģӢۺܵռˣĵһ˿Ԭͬ顣֪ԬǼŵùıʿǵģЩ鶼ǣȻҲֻıʿϵȴʼû취ȥεĴۡ
˿λͳ˧ıأһϲŭɫǣ˭Ҳû취ϲµʲô
Ҳоһʩӵѹ
ֻϣһսɢŹΣ·
ʹ˽˰
ͳ˧ܻѹͬɺ˾ܲһ£ûʲô˵ġ
˾ܲƲƲ죬ȴû
гǧ˵Ծһ֣֮½˵Ҳǲġ
¾ã²ѧǳҲûʲô̵ı£˾ܲƽƽ˵Դ»õġ
ôõͷһۣлԡ
תһ⣺
Ҳ𣿡
ÿδ֮ǰҲǲ
Ӫææü¡
дŻ˵ҪһӪҪ侲׳˶ϱӪҪһӪȫµȽʱҪԴӪѵ
ʲô붼Ĵ
죬ζŸоӪױҲˣǽֻҪߵ˿ȱǲǾлõˣ
ӪĴ͸˵ˣӪԷӪҪģȻûô⹩˼ҿıɰԵıȱ˺Щսѵûйͺ𣿣
ԴϢӪ̾ըˣ˰æҹҲæƵһһ񣬶ʵ·߲ͨ߹ܵģ߲ܵͨͺƤȥ˾
򵥣̫ʷȲòǡ
Ӫȵ죬оʱ˻ˣӪȴһҲ˵ģ
һҲûסʿǣµøˡ
˭ûѽ
ìһϣöʲôȣ
ǶǾģͷİɣ
̫ʷѡңѡңҲģ
ӵÿھӪճĵøȣһҪʿȥæҲ͸æˡ
ˡ
ʮһѮֹõĶѾź͹ˡ
ʿŶȥȡ˸߲ҵزȻ߿߿ޣ߳Ա߿ޣ˯߿ޡ
޹֮ҲʼæҼĶˣٶûд򣬵פĵطһƽţǻ򵽵㵱Ӱ˵Ķ
ʲôزûȾɫȾúƯĲվɵͭĻйӸд⣿Ҳа
ǮҪǳ׬ʹ;Ϊ˻ģһزȥˣҪЩزܴؼҵҲ
˵ǲƷѣֻҪѡС½½һӪǮʲôˣڰϵĶͻȥٱһİؼң
½ϣӸµעӭľӪʱ˾ܲϵõǸĴ𰸡
ʿʿ߰΢Цţעǣֱ̫ʷ߽ʱЦݿƽá
̫ʷѡαʱʿӻԾıʱܸ˵ȥһЩѡԬˡ
ôᷢԷθظеأ
һҲǣҲόƣҲе󱳸˵
ƺǰˣҲѧ


509 
Ҫ̫ʷظһ顣
ԡ
̫ʷȳĬ°͡
ıڻƶ,ߵĲ죬ôˣҲǴڳҪߵ
̫ʷȵıҲڻƶ,ߵҲ,ϾһһӪկ·ϻӪկɻһսƷ
ǰͲǵӪկ,Ӫկֻߵ渽ͣˡ
һֱǸ½Ĵ⡣
ҪĻ̫ʷָ̿ĵͼЩӪկǱȰεġ
ЩӪկܲı࣬˴,ʮ,ʮġʹǶʮԶģҪϹҲʱ䡣
ְ̨̫ʷȼ˵˴ͨ籨,Ǽ֡
֮ǰõӪկ֪ЩڹĶж鷳
ǧ˶Ӫկķº,ֵһ˵ıǲѵģ̫ʷ,,Է׷Ӫկ˽ٴ۽Ӫկ¡
ͬļξͲˣҵӪկһšǿǿɽڡķϵ,ӲĻأ̫ʷҲû취ˡ
ЩӪկ嶼̽ˣ½ʵǴʲôģ
ָ̫ʷеԻ󣬡Ǳѣ٣Ϊ˭
ǣǣһЩ£ڰ֣˵ÿϢǳʲôʲôʲô
ҪȥԷӪկǰ
Իֺܾ֮ηؼȥˡ
ʱðɵ¶֪ɴûڴ̵ðɵ
̫ʷҲϸһ
ҡͷ
ЩѰǳӪģӲʲô
Щ˽ľӪݾܲͬе뵱Ȼˡ
ľӪߣҲߣʸ־ضӪկĴţÿÿб޲һӵϣԼǵֹƷ׬׻ȥȫСڶҹﰾһȡ
ʵ̫ã½̫ʷȻҪľͣÿ컨ʱ׽ˣϷʿ͵͵ڵذﰲһ¼ҡ
Щ˽һݵؽ⡪ǵľӪû̼֣ûȻ漫ˡ
ݵİѾˣҲȥ죬ҲȥݣҲԥݣҲڻƺϰͣݾۣ߳ЩӪկ
ԶԶȥЩӪկ̻Ǻģнʿɹ̫Ѱ˷첹ǳԡû̴ʱǵӺܰݣֺ죬ݼ١
Ӫկ͵þˣῴʿǿʲôޣظɱͷ޵λʿ֡
ʿǰѪϵ˷ֹҲֹסǾ̤߽ǵӪկ
߽ȥʱӪҲ̧ʲô
̧Ķ࣬ҲС
ǵıľګö࣬˳ĬһԲؽһ߾ʬ˳ӪկҰվǵķԸ㵹
ûʲô˻ΪЩʬᣬλӪկⶺ̫ˣڵڶϼʿֵسӪ
⸽ʮڶȻûдׯģʿǰ⤣
ĻĽҰ⣬ȥЩ
Щ飬Ͻı˵ģ
鱻ˡޡһ
ǴӾϼұģô֪³
ҪȥǾڣǲԸģ˱ԹǱʡЩá
˭ǰ㲡˵أ
һǧһ䱧ԹɧĻǵĽŲһ뿪ˡ
ӪկûбĴԽ񣬵ʮ֮ǻһӪկġ
ЩӪկΪӪӹԼҵķ½£ȷʵˡ
ȻҪĿˣѾռѾһССı㲻ʲôɣ
ǾţӶԷãҲάסҪؼݲá
ǵӪկôأ
ЩȻֱߵģҲ˵ĶҲֻǾ߱ЩµڶѣҰҪܹһͷҰ¿ũиȦɵ
ũ˻ץЩĵҰڻԼҲֻץЩĵԼˣ
ôأ
Щռ˴صڼˣǴỨǮҪʲôӺ˹ˣ
ˡ½˵
˵б壬˾ܲ˵ŽȨۣ֮ҲѰ
Ѿϰ˾еۣû̫ʷǽصתƻսϡ
ƵУ
ҲȥӪկ˵ֱӴô
̫ʷգգ˫۾
ȥǱ㲻ˣ
ǺǵЦɡ
ʮڣӪկ̫ʷȲˣ
ҪȦôҲûë˵ǲǿɴء
ȻһСС

½߳оʱʿҲӪ̽ͷȥ
жëѩƮƮ¡
סƾɣסս۵ۣƮᣬס˵ֻʿ˷ܵ
˵ǼҲһѩǲصׯںġ
֮ǰһܻؼˣ
½㾲ǵĻֱߵ
ѩˡ˵
ƺӵıҲöʵˣɵЦ⣬
½תͷ
ȥ
궬ԬĴģսȿʼ½ɻƺӣϰͼƴ·
ϢԻƺӰߴ̼ϯ˷Ҳǵķǡ
½ǵһƺԱһκһȫͬġ
һμݾκҲǣʮǰ½һսֻСС֡
ʹˣʿ˵Ĵš
ƺҲûʲôҵҲû¶أһ㰡ĳA壬̣ٿͷôУΨһһĻǸͶͷ
ʲôս
սӪկ뽫ԬܵҲǳɹ˵ģԬܵĴСӪկʲôأ
費½½Ҫ뼽˰
Ĵϣֱڳġ
½ı£ҲûЩݹ¾룬˵Ǳ㣬ʯλɣ
Ļ˵˴ʿˣһЩĲصԴǡ
ǿ½µȴԶ⣬˭
ּԶˣڲ֪ŭЦֻ̾һ
ݵȻ
ڴˣʾǮݶʤһ̣
ἰǮʱһǵȻֱòȻǵƬ̣Ƭ֮䣬ѾЦˡ
೯͢Ϊ½⼽ݴʷ䣬½湥뼽ݣ΢кλѵ𣿡
Щʿ˵Ȼֱˡ


510 
ѩƮڰļݾо,ܿѩˮϢ¶Ȼȥ
ѩԽԽ󣬷ҲԽԽ,ֱҲòӵͼջĿ⣬תŴ
ƤëӺ,Х,żз϶,̿յľ̿һĹ⡣
վ,ſڣһΪһƤë멣һ۵ݸһֻעˮ,ƤëסƤ,Ϊƿ
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ɹټ鹭,Ắ𻵡
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жڣҲҪ,˰ָ
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Ϊذڰ֣ǲʿǸĶµģֻҪսͣǰá
תڣʿ½ŷ£ůѬ̿Ϣ³оڡ
ѾĶ뵽ˣҪ˼սʤ̤Ļƺӣǰ֧ţԼ˧
뱩ѩͬ
½벻ԼڴǸʲô󣬱ϾǸʵˣڱѩ죬Ǻһ͵ѩȫժҲɶ
ڵҲܲš
ʿǶкˣⲻӪﲻֻʿһȺڡ
ЩݸһнˮǲʿģҲܵӺϵͳĸԥݵĸŮҲǴ˺£ǲܶ
ڱļͲ˺ܶ࣬ԥûֳɵ·ҲӸҺǿ˼ǧƥһһ˲ľ޼߽Ϲ·ɳ亮¡
µԥһ£ߵĹ˵ڲƥϢʱʹȻһ˯ĸʱʱʹ˵Ǿ޽Уݳ޵͡
ԥ벻һ£˵ʹ뵽ҲΪġֻҪԼͺãǵ޶СڼȻ´ģЩôֻԼأ쵽ÿףÿ߲ÿӣҪϸĸ׵ĶŮ㲵ӹͬ
ƺµĲֻһ˴ģȫС·ĥˣˣѩأҲֻһ·ŰСȣֻţﶼҳ
һҪɺӱϣ봾սģҲߣô״̬¸·أ
ǵļҾҲҵˣΪЩϾС½ӪлʱʱЩǲ
򶼲ѡУֻ۰ͰӪ⿴ţھӺŵġ
С½ĺѾׯڴС½Ҳ˼ªůݣֲڵܹʳһֳˣһǸʿһȥԲõﻻİ档
ǲ׼ٸˣЩʳءݣְĽ̵ڴׯ˼ªķ£˼ֻҪС½ܻ˼ˣǾıסԼļ԰
Ҳ˴Ƴɵ·ûȾɫûʲôƣǵ˺ɫҲʼСͬС½ָɹС˽ŵȴ꿪ʱǹٸũ߿裬ǲҪߺţǰŸӰ
С½ǺܺõģǻڳޣǶеĲ⡣
˵ǲǸϲڴӰ˵Ǵӵͷ˵СʱƫǴСŮˡȻȻŮҲǺܺõģڴǸ׳˶һ֣ǿ϶ǾͨǱũģ⣬СܲܶĻư
ϺʱڼΧֹ̿Ļ䲻½ģһһûġ
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Ҫûһ멣˾ܲаԽԼһģ
ھһ̺֣ʿسɽϵпʼ񣡿Ǹַ֪һ˴ֻģ˼Ƥʵɽһֵһ֣
˾ܲòУƫƫƳһۡ
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Բɣ뽫˵ӪһӦ걸ǣ
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511 
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ⳡʤ˵㲻ʲô,ӪлΪٰһСС칦磬һο⡣ھӪ⣬и˷ⳡ칦硣
ЩѪ߰ߵ·ܲϴ,ɨսں,Щ·ؼ,ҪӽǼϴһʱ,ڿȥĺӱˮʱ,һѻ
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512 
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513 
½ʵԼʲôǺ
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ȶͷأӰߣ
ٶ˵ˣԼҲûκ壬Ӯۣͬǵһµߣ
ҲиͭǿǼ峤ģֵܺǵͬһʽڹ˲ˣݱѾҪ׷ˣ׷ˣ
Ǽףˣ׾Ϳˣ˼ףܲɣһسӪأǾڰȫˣ
Ѿʼ궯ˡ
ʿҲתͷ۰Ͱ͵ؿ
ҲˣҲ޶СҲ׬㹦ͣսƷ磬ڽҲû˵һöȥһԣͺĽ
½Ȼתͷȥ˰ɽ
ɽɽƽѩǣڽбʱֵӰҲƺֻɿݶϸ֣
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514 
ձܲס
Ѿ򵽶Ӫկſ,һǼѵĹսǽҪǶһܴӪկ,ܹӪկ,ǲζž޴ҫʹ͡
ζҸһ
ǳ˼ĺļ԰Ѿδ޶ĸӪկ棬ںܶܶӪկ档
֪жֻҪϵعһ,һս
޷ΪҪڶԷӽӪկձ
ʿ߷ߵ
ʿŴٴ󺰴
ʿȦĻµİǡ
ڻǽһС
̫ʷȲǰ,,ļݾܻӪկҲڳصơ
ɫһ̫ʷȸߺ,ǣףװأӪǣ
ǰоصʱ˹ȥ
սңʹͷһ,Ǽ¡ĵطǲʺܹġ
ȻȻ,ڵ,Ӫٵ۽,Ȱ󣺻˱ͽҪ,Щ鲻׼ÿܹȥ
ΪЩ˱ͽ䣬ǷΪԼӪ,̰Ҳ̫ˣսʲôˣ
С˲ΪԼС˵ĸҲӪ⼸սɽ޺±ůʹʹС˲ĸģ±ǣ
СҲ
Ƕģ
ǲأֵв
Ǹָʹò̱ӪٶݺݵصǼۣȴһ·Сܣܵ˽ߡ
æҪоǰ˻´˼ָҪΧѲ飬гʹȥ棬߾ΧһȺˡ
Ӫپȵش˴֣λλƣȺ־ʮʧԽ캮ضȴͷĺʱȻһѡ
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ΧһȺҲ
д´ģ
ЩսƷмֵǲ֣Լ˱ҲᱻǴߣûʲôɱս
ȴΪɣ̬
λӪҧôӲ϶
ɷǡȵ˵ɷǡȥɨս
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Ƭϸ˲ѩռŰѩ⣬ɱȾ뵶ضĽԡ
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ھӪդڰǵĳǽϣһ˫˫۾ǽͬۡ
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ιݾӪկʱʿǺȻЩƽ
ʮ㣬׽ΪʲôҪձһҫԼսƷһ߻Ҫֹķɧ
ǰȺѡʿһݷҵףǵ޶СǿסֿשͷҹΧڻԣһ߷첹һ˯ǰǲʱġ࣬õһЩ
ⶼˣֹ
ٲ⣬ǴΧӪȫͬա
˾޴ìС
ǵսƷûĶ࣬٣ȻϲУĽʺޣҫֺԼҵҵ죬շת֪࣬ôźá
ǽܻһٱԵġ
ʿԶõĶ˵ɨսʱЩսϻصսҲɱȻһ⴮ͽĹ
֮Ҳйͷˮһ˶ͷĸӣЩӪ£Ϊںﴦ͡
ݵζؽԼǷˣϲ̵ػȥһԼ˶Ǯֵ˶ٶС
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ǵһ죬ȻꤣĵԶЩ
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ммв㣬ĺ£һ
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սϵ밧ƬӪأ˭Ҳûйȥһ
ҹܺڣ½ɽϵĽŲȡ
ĻƲҪԼ֮ûҹֺܲ˱Ҫһߡ
ɽ߾˵ǺƽһһȥȴֻǸЩ꣬ƽƽ棬ƺֵһ⡣
ҹ䣬ŽɽȥʱȶҹҪ䣬ߵһ·ͣȰ裬ֹԼСɧ
ЩɧɽʱȻֹ
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ɿŽָ֣һָױ
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ģãȵձʱ뿪
ڵʲôأ
ȻȻسУǲ
ӪկǼ׿սǳӪկʱɽ¸һȺо񲻴ң
ӦͻϮߣսý˲˵У
С½Զ
Ҳ񣬡½峿Щ̷֮ˣһӹ
˾ܲˣǫ̫
Ҳǫ˵˳ȣֻΣ
һƬĬ
ϣԼǻȥ츳жսƵ۹⣬ץס󵨳׵ĳɼ
ǲɣֱʷ¿ƶĿĹԣʹǧ֮Ҳ̾
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ûжԼĺ᲻̣ûжԼǰܲѹ֮¹ƴӪ֧֮ǰƴҲֻȻȥ
ôƸأ룬ϣƾľȷ˭˭
ҲǴ֧ǲܲأ
ⲻǵ֮
֮ǣǲܲ٣һ뷽跨ľӣ
½ǵ˺ܾãֱ̫ʷЩס뿪ʱȻ˵ˡ
ҷһ󡣡˵

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Ҳסˡ
кδ
ʿѰƥǽʵ˵
㶵ؿȻ̾һ
ͼ˴ôọ̃Ѿǵӣ˵Ǳ㣬бǮĲ룬Ӫկͳһܽ˸Ⱥ˸û취ս
Ⱥһأ


515 
ݾĴӪʼˡ
պϷ绯һ˵ǹս,ܴѾҵµϵСݣǱţǼϳˡ
뿼һ⣺Ҫʲô,˵ڵʲô
ʿǾⳡսһ˿ʼݵ,ٳ,Ӫǲȥ,ȡˮҲɶӳӪ·ϼҲȥʱ,ܻӳ˲һ,ǿʲôʱƵġ
һ˾ûˣǸӰ·Ѳ鱨ҲȷʵһЩϸ鱨,Сɱо,дǵץ˼²˹²Ҳôһ,ֻ˵ǸĳһӪկʿĳһ챻оһŲ֪ˡ
ԼҲӪȦ,ʱĻ࣬ʱĻ,ڰɽϵķƺǰûгֹ,ԺҲ֡
֮,ݾûʲôı,Ҳûôţɺġ
ս͸һɹƽ
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Ұɫ񶥶ʱʱһˮ֪˭ͷ
̧ͷһֻȻˡ
òͲģ쳤վãԭѾȾɫ˺˪էһȥű˸ɫڱһ϶ˮµεδ𣬹һֽ¶Ͳıɫˡ
佫ֱͦںϣǶǾ̵ˣĻ˾ܲһʧ̬
˾ܲҲǰΣĿؿ
ˮͷӶͷϻգգۣװʲôû
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ڵȡ
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֧סһʱԬʱӵ㶼Уʱ񲻻ţ
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Ҿ䲻ಮ
۵Ȼͣһ¡
Ǽ䣬ɼǵã
һֱǵã˵Ѿڵʲôˡ

ͷ
ЩǰΧǺεȴ̣Щɻ󣬡ȫ޲
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Ҳһڽ
ЩӪկҲůļңǵȷˡ
ǵȷůʵļңŸǡʿǸӪʱһǧ˰ٱģΪƬƽԭļݣݶ󣬶˵ֱǲܵѡ
ｨӪկؿľľǻҪӺ͸ϸ鲼ľ⣬ӬǵѪÿҹڼվڵʿܼԶԶйƮ
ǾĵؽһƬӪƽϣЩҰ޻ɣΧЩ߲ˣһ׮׮һؽӪڸ˾ӵģůڵȴͻȻҪڱѩоʵһ˿಻Ե¡
ЩʿĿĵأǸش𲻳
ֻ˺ܾúиʿԥŸһ²⣬˵Ҫȥģ
Ȼǡȥһ򱱶ģڻƺӽҲҪɿڣɺǼ׵¡
оǺܼѵģѩǶ֮оٶȻӡ
һ룬ڵʲôͺ֮ˡ
͵ˣȴٳûг֡
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˵̽ӪƣԮʱҲΪ
˷ڹӪض۽ԪˣʼûΪ˼סһ
˧棬е㷳գеԥﻹһİûڡ
ûгأ
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ĴӪƱģҹƴӪ󣬴ܼʰбСͷܹǺӲġ
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ϣʿ𣿿ǲܲ٣˶Ԯͳȣʿֻ˰
ΪʲôѰˣ
ΪĶ۲ǣѾ׽ԬܵΧʹǳҲ̫롣
ܶ㿪Χı
ˣȻԣὫĲóȻ˾ͿϺ˹ȥ
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ǵۣȴЩֱƺһҲܶ
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һһĸ˱źӣˣվſڵȴǵĸסֳܸǡ
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𣿣
߹һһݣԵ˺ѷεޣԥ̫ʷȣ˵
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𣿣
ȻЩʿļҾʸ𣬸أݣţӱôУԽδķ²ȥݣЩҾΪūΪ澡Ȼǰ·ʿִꪣǷشǵſ߹ʱǻҲẬڵϣʵ룬ǵĸǵķҲǵãС½ˣù٣
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Ѿĵģûˡ
Ƕڹе
ڴʱ½Щ塢֡ʹɫȻˡ
վϵĵյ紵һ
ǼȻҪˣ˵Ӯһ̣ٲи֧ԮĲˡ


516 
컹û,˯û㡣
Ͳǲͺģиְ취˵һƤĺƤѵ,ЩҲ˵ҹŻ裬Ϩ𣻱µĸɲٺЩĴĴ򣻱˵ҹ˯·,׼׼
Щʩչ鲻Ǹůǻһ,ǻ࿿øЩ,,Ҳϻʱյͺ͸߰ζ
ЩɾϢ˯ҲůǾôԼֵͬ,һߴ,һԼҲŽٷ,һ˲С١ȢһƯѸ
ʱ,һȻ񡣶ƿ񣬽ͨͨ˯о,îʱӪ
ΧһƬıԹ컹û⵽ʲôʱôҪӪ
ǲҪ·ģֻҪԼ̸Ǿ,ͷԵȥԽ֡ȻýСģץҪ𷣡ϴˡ
Ⱥʿһһ峿ȴһġǵɧֱܶ࣬ŵϲͬѰ
⣿
˭Ҵ
±Ѿ˷ܵػȥԼչޣյ׼Ŷӵȳ,ϱͬѰζ
Χڻԣһ߳ԣһ߾оӪķ
컹ûĴڱĺڰУããȻֻһƬ⡣
½ıǸ磬ʿǸոʱѾоʱװ߳оʡ
ٵһ𣿡˾ܲ
ʲôʡ
ǵԮ
˾ܲ˵ʲôǱˡ
˵ȹǱߵϢǱתЩԮעȥʱͿԻƴ
ںĻ峿ıУ̫ʷ˳
ҲһװǰǳսݾƵӪկҲ˼ǳǳ˿ڡ
Ŀɨ̫ʷȲΪ
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ǰһսݾŷɥ֮ս岻ɡ
̫ʷƺҲ˵ʲôҲˡ
峿Ĺ͸ɨƬϣӳɫӰӡ
һһӡӰӾͱԽԽԽԽڣΧȴ
кѻվ֦ͷ۵ؽϼò۾ע֧Աԭ߹Ķ飬עųĳޣЩĺ⣬ֱĿתƵǵϡ
ǵɫܺѻеЩɥϾĵ֡
չ֦ͷ𣬸֧顣
ݵ׼ȷ˵һһֺĵΡ
½㲻ǵרң׼ȷ˵ֵεһʪҲӲ׵ģݵһʱֻݵأ꼾ʱи峺С֮ûôḻֲԴġͬΣա
֮һƬܴ󣬵ΪĺѾȫһƬݵءû֣Ϊκ˵ĳµİۣ˵Ҳһ޵Ĺ֡
½֮ǰפĴѲʱȥĲݳúܸߣдƬϢ棬ߴߴڵͰ֦ͷѰѿԣغܷ֣ûס
Ͼ꼾ˮ߻ƺӾʱѸٱһǵСû˻ס档
̫ʷһˡ
½֪ЩԮģܽƻϢڸǵʮܣòģֻòµġ
ȥĳʧ˼ʮһ˵˻߱ˣΧӻˣֻݡȥĳһû
Ʋһǵɣ̫ʷϣЩȥʾԼҪȥ
½ãǵȲˡ
̫ɹڼͷƺ¶һ㣬Ҳ峿Եʣʿžͳˣ·͸ˮʪĺۼ滹ЩԼѪ˵Ѫ
Ҫȥأ
ǲߺԶ·Ϊ󲿷ض˰Ӫء
һҪǴһӲ̣Ȼ峿ģ
˵ǱŸɲʲô
ֹʱǰĵƽߺȻжˡ
߾ͷһƬϱڲԫһׯҲϮŶʱһѻˣҲڲܲٶضʱ㲻̤˹ȥҲǶʱˡ
ҲҲһˣµס¡ڲǰʱڻµľЩҲԥׯ˶ߣױ
ǰƬϱڲԫԼͻȻжϵĵƽߡԤʾŵƶȻ½յýڵǽȻתʲôˡ
̫Զǿʲôˣ˷ɿܳšݡȥƴ˽
ǣǣǵʲôģ
ŵƽӷݾҲЩˣʲôطڴ˭
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Щ˶Ϊ˵ǴʱӱͱһУξڽǾ˳𣡡
ݱȻ
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ΪЩˣ
սĲʧʱ֪ҪЩʲôˡ
ϴʮȫʮ¡
˷ƸߣҰãͳһ֧ԼƵľӣ뾡죬پ졪
ôأ
½һ·϶˼⡣
ȺڵʲôΪʲô봾һıѹǶأ
ԭ֣
һϣӪ۽֮
ǼӱûȫȺҪһȣ
һЩǾǲܺһ
вܲٵֱʣǺֵܿܳġ
ᴾȨʱƿذӪĿеģƾʲôȥȺأ˼ǿĵȣԴͲôð˵һдְ֮ǰĲܲ١
ܲٻ뽫ڸסùļƵĹΰæպƭЩ
һ֣뿼ǵܲٲǰ򹤵ģһҲԼ档
ʲôأ
ѾܵˡݡڴƬݵ̾ǰ
ʵǸӪ֮ײȵʮɣ˷ǳܷ磬ԼȵůЩ
ݵҪȥ̶̼յӪʱڴѾ
һͿҸ˳һݵ꼾ǺӵɺԽĺ
ȻݱͻȻֵȷǴֲƬʿڻŵ⣬׼ȥȡԼıס
ʲôͻȻˣ
Ǽʸʹʹ
ʲôҲˣ
ⲻǼʸǡɲ
ӪŨˣʿʧ
ˣ
һֱ룬ôܼԼʿ
עŽݵȥľʱԵ˵
ѡǵ


517 
ľǸ͸,Ѹʵܲ,˴ݵϷ׵˻ľ񲢲ĴƬӪѸȼ
̵ġ
ݵ˽ڿԼһأЩڰ¸ȷϸ糵,ŲڵϾͻᷢ,ֻҪǿ丸ľˣ˭ܼԦӴսأ
ûʯǰ,Ҫľ񶪵·ӪλȻҲܣЩľŨ,ܿ콫ɽµ񸲸ס,ȴ˺ָӣ֯𷴻
ܵñЩ,ڵݵʱЩԾ۾
ǲȫǶǵжģϾ̫ʷĹ,ӵ֦ͬ,ôʱиӦ˭Ҫھ,ֻ͵͵Ѱһµãָͱһ۵ֵܵʵȤд
֮⣬౱ǵԾǱ൱˶ͷҲǹãѧ,˻ݵ䣬£˵ʱǱΌ飬ǿʹ˵ģ
ʹλȲТ֮Լߵģ
붫ͬݣЩ졤ݱԥݱֲӣ˵ǸţǶģģǹܹ꣬Ƕ졤ˣ˾һӣܱ۸ȥ
ǵȻгֵģһ͹ţһ治ˣﻹ֪ԼС½ıô໥Цһ£սܹ鶼ͬۡ
˸еԾ
йɽк꣬ŨݵڣݱӪҵȥȻųڴ⼸ǴӪͻϮʱʿձķӦûʲôرġ
˶ףȻҲͳ˫սеѹ£Щܵʿͬ۴侲Ǿʿס˫ѹʼɢ
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ʸɹݵؼ佥ŨУֳɡ
ѾܳŨ̵ʿпҪܳŨ̵ʿǻҺɫӰӰ´£ģǱһֻֽ߬סӣ£ûо͵ˡ
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һϢҲһϢ
ЩӪկֿʱѾ뵽һ㣬˵ͳ˧Ҳ뵽ˣҲû뵽ܹҪһǿġ
½ãݡûǿͳ˧ģܲķӦܻѸ٣취ȥ
ߵĿӻûг׺Χȥܳɢо»ָȻãܵĻЩʿҲܵڻңõоɱһӣ跨ȥãܲٲҲһϢ
žһ⣺ܲĲڰװڰأ
½һȻתԼױ
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кηԸ
彫üͷǰӪƬ̡
Щʿһˣżͳìĳůܻûȫˡ
УɱҲԳһѾһ㲻Լˡ
ΪЩǼȲԬܣҲڣϴģūͣǵĸ桢岮ֵܣֻΪԼսǱ˴֦ͬǧＸȫûйϵˡ
˸⺷£ģɱЩҾĵıӪʿʱԾӸµݾʱҲںϵơ
ΪҫǿԲϧԼġ
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ѻһ߾ߵʬչ¶췢ڵıѩһεع̶С
ż׳ָʿӪж޷ؿһĻ
Щʬ룬õģǴࡤ壬һ߰һߣڱѩ
޷ػǰǣȻϺžߵķһִ̼ټЩ˰Щʬһ·̰
ʿҧᣬԼͬʬ߹ȥ
սͬһ
̹ǵĺ»صƬϡ
½ʹܻشӪʱ̫ʷֻ֮Цˡ
Сң
ƫ˵ڵĻҲҭȥˡ
ľݱ֮ǰǲͬնġ
ʱݾʢʿȴ͸һ⣬յļݾȴͬģԼݵơ
˶Ҫľ˧ӪУַһݾôʱôܲأ
̫ʷȳӪʣʿҲȥ
ٿ⣬Ŷӣȥ׿⽫Լļ˴ϣȥ⣬֮ŽȥĳһϣھٵĴߴ´ҴܳӪȥ
ⳡɼݾĽտʼʱܲ˳졣
ݻƽ֣ʮ˲ܲһ֧Ҫıս־ȴЩݾ֮Աǡ
½ݾĵ֣ʹǲ֪ʲôԭ֮ǰˣкɱеơ
ڼݾĳ£ݾ߱˺˼ӣֱܿϡ
ս뽹ʱݾӪг׼Ų̫ʷƺҲ׼Ʊǰ沼ì֣ײ˸
̫һһУʿҲڲϵ¡
սǷˣˣ졤ˣˣڷڵĴ︡¡ǰǴʶ˴˵ģȴң㣬޼䣬Ųٲȵϡãֲ˴
ڳһԼҲڳһ
̫ʷǲӵģˣˣӪøС£½ıҪмͷȵĴ¡
ֱ֧ҲΪ˷Ŵһ֡
ʲôʲô̫ʷͷջͷҪɢʱгȻ
ߣ쿴
бǵˣңǲǵİ


518 
սʼ,˧ʵѾ١
ΪҪʱģ˧оʿǰߣһҪüٵת,ۡʵɤ֪ʿ
ʹ,ʿӦҲȻҪʱ,Ǵʱæµˡ
ɱʱǵ۾￴ģۺսģȻҲ뵽˻Ҫʲô
ȫעؽеעǰϣ˵׼,,ĽȲȣı۰ûԼöƵסһֵֻĶ׼̹ڷ
֮,ߵˣֱǸìǲǿԼմѪìǲǶԼˣѽѽ
Ǹʿí˾ȫѹ,ڶʱ˸ƺݺݵ˶ֵͷֻǡ飡һ£һص죬ɤ۶ＷĲҽкʲôѿ죡
Ǹϱ
һ¶ܻص,ص׼,ֵĻ׵˳߭Ǹ˵Ĳͬʱ,ϴһѸ͵ĳ
סǸì֣һڽǰҲǿֱͦҫһģ
ûüҫġ
ϱջֵ,׼ٽɵǸìʱһ֧ͻȻ͸ͷ­
˼ìֵվȣ,ƣ￴һ
ǲǳݹ֣֮Ǵһݵܱжģìֵƺŷ
ûע⵽Ԯĵûע⵽ڱ任Ҳûע⵽ݱ˼ûע⵽ʿԶԶ˵ϣֽס
֧ݾʱӦǺ
ѱӪıŬǼѹˣ̫ʷȲò֧о
ȥʱһֱӪկǰĺʼ֧
˽
ɵô
ǣǣֻǧˣ濴žͱǶۣ
彫ڣʲôµģ
ͣһ£Ƭ֮һΣصüܺĽŲˡ
Ҳˡ
֧û˿ĺܺۼʿҲݾһ˿صıʱ±ǰս̵ǰ뻷׵
һ̣пģ
ٳһ밢ĸ㷹
һ֧ıϸΪֲ֤Ǵı
Щ޶ʿ߰Ŭǰļݾ֧Ԯʿһ͡ǰʱǽģߵÿһǻӳʱеţʲôǡ
ݱ̽ǰһҲ̺һ
е±̹˾໽ųȥΪ˱Ǹ£ųʵľӡ
ڽս󲻵һʱڣ֧ӵս̬ȫˡ
չֳ˼µԡ
ʱڳڻᱣ֮ʱƣһһսʱҪʼʿѵˮ׼Ĭˡ
Ǳ飬ʲΪƵرսΪԮ֣ǰежܣž͵ìζҪѵͷԡ
ĵˣֻҪٲһһȥҲɵӣǰˣ׷׷أ
׷ȥһ·ϻ᲻ᱻĵоС£ɱǸˣصʱ㻹ֱܷ򣬲ҵڵλ
ǰҵ˰ʱļһ˰ֻǲǻЦŹ֣רĽͷ
Ҳȥ·ǶһĵоѾЭˣ
ڻսжݵؽһڶıͻȻһˮ飬ܿûں֮䡣
ڶĺߣһλϸͣ޲̧ͷ
ɫʲôҲû
̫ʷһδӲصо
ߵ·ԶΪоҲ𽥳˴ӪǰǲɱЩˡ
ݾͬҲҲ֣ԼϮŶĴ٣̻ؾһŰʯļ
صƣǰֻһ˲£һ˲˴δӹƣһεǰ̫ʷȵһͲ붼ûж;Ҫٳ֧Ҫġ
ڼͲֻһֲ֧һ˲

ȥ˴սˡ
þˣ˻ȥ
̫ʷؿһ۶档
ˡ
ɫֵձӪʱ䡣
һ֧׼ǸģģӵӰӡ
ǴһˣΪûһߵ㣬һ߷Ƣ
̫ʷ½¡
ıϾ˲ʿȻ󳷡
գǾҪʼӪչսˡ
񻹲֪ʱܻһȥЩĲ
һ˲䣬̫ʷȻһֵͷ
ƺҪĥǣ˴񣬽Ȼûһ൱ս
ѽˣݾҲӪУļݾֹӪǴ˻ȥͷҹսͷ
Щʿʲôû
ǵͬ۱·ڻҰϣҲҪЩݱʬ塣
ǻЩ˵ͷ­Ĵߡ
֮⣬ǻԸ뿪
ΧӪĴһߣźҹļͻ⣬ΧӪء
Щ˸˴ӪҲЩûȥæʰԼһҵһ˰ӵ棬һڷĲϯǴӼݾϰ·ʵ̫벻Щʬϰ·ζʲô
ЩĲҽ˺ܾãֱնӻӪդţҽоͱЪ˹Ŀ
Ӫ߹ҪǲҾģ̾ס졣
Ǹդ뺾ţʬķ򣬾ôһҹ
ҪˣӪ˻
ʿǽռõѩˮؽǰ׼õıӽȥһΡ
ÿһ˶ƣעעԼһ㡣
䣬ӲǸտʼʱϴһˮ裬ˮˣǵ뷨ֱˡ
ҪģҪˮȥϡòźá
ǾججرչޣעǹŽĴӪܼܲסʱȻ˷
Ǽ˵ķ𣿡
һʿ˳Ŀ⿴ȥҲšף
һһʿͣ˽Ų㶵Ǹ򿴣ֱһγ̫ʷȵ
彫쿴ǳˣ


519 
Ļ,ƺ͸һĵĹǻԭϵıѩ֦ͷĺѻ,Щʬ,һīɴڼżбһĹ⣬ƮƮĴʲôطƮȥ
ʱ,ﶼϢģӪҲ,ͩͻѾҪվˣǳвסĻĳأĵͷ,´Ҵ߹Եøϸ
·һ̣Ҫ,ǵ߹ȥӰҲҪڰС
ǵĻڴʱͻأֵġ
ʱյò,Ũ̹,֮ʢ,ڳһȼǵĴ
κһڿӪʱ,жἤ޷ѡ
Ҫ̵
ǻ
óȻӪзڰµ
̫ʷ´ＸҪʿӿʳٶȣҪǰ̽飬Ҫһȥİɽţ춯̱ȵȡ
´ʱҲڴף޾ϸԸһ,סۡЩҲһشͣٽ彣࣬ͷ׼ʱִæ׷
δʳҪð
̫ʷȶɢüû棬Ǿֱ뿪ˡ
սǱģҲǽģҲ̫ʷȣʿҲֻݲ˼ڱسȥװԶúܣȴƫƫһʳѾɤ۶ʵĸо
ǵĶǰҲʳʹ
ָоڸ˳˵൱ݳ޵ģôһεİˮԿԴڴڵس꣬һҲʣ
ףѾԭɫ󣬵ѾǸ˳άĽ˻Ҫɾࡣ
Դһѻ˷ǣԬܻͷ̨κĿƺԱˣеңеԼЩطǿֻ۾ŴԼϾһп֮ˡ
ץ˼䵥·Ӫʿͽ֮õӵһ佱ԼƵʹͣǧǵΪ̴̼ˡ
ǸŵѪĲһ㿪ʼڻƺԱÿһϸϸ̽Ҫߣ֧ڳ
˳¼ѵշתеġ
Ѿܾûп׵Ĳ·ߣżһβӣֽӭ׺ݵΧ£˵ΪѰǣݾһЩܿԴӪֽȥͼԼ档
ЩǾܣЩʵܡ
ʲôʵܣ
Ӫʿʷ²
ﲻֲԸⱻΪͣƽһܡ
˸е󲻽⣬Ϊôðʮݴ򲻵һսھ˱Ϊܣ
ʲ˳Ϊ˼ϡ
֮ǰƺûʲô仯ʿǻĿλЦ˵ʯͷһһӵɵģٹٰʮ꣬Ҳʯͷ
ȷ㲺˺ܶ࣬Ҳɱɢų¸ζǶѾ²жԡ
˳ȫ˼½»ϣڲغԴԴŰǻۺҲʿˡ
봩ڳµĴӪݾڲһ׵¡
Ӫǧˣ;ģս˻˱²޷ںҹĻԭɪɪصȴʧ
߻ʣˣãʱһЩԣʱҲҵ󣬾֧սѾԶǰⳡ˫һ˵ĴսиءĸټɳǧΧˣ֧ƣٵı޷
һ֧бԭ˲ʲô˵ģƺΨһ·ֻлΪ㣬ҹɫ͵͵ԲսӻشӪȥ
ǵһЩ춯˸˳ע⡣
һЩʮ΢С˲춯˵ͷؾĻʱܲɣǲֻϱţϳڴĴӪ󣬸˳ǿҲȥ鿴ģŵĻʱڸ˼ΣЩ졣
⼸һЩضӽţǴţһ·ȥˡǳвӦôߣȥӪȥΪʲôأҲЩø˳졣
˽ˣֳˣ佫ȴϳߡ
˳бһ뷨һΪļƻ
Ǹƻ̫ƴ󵨣ֻһ;޷ġ
û취շյİǣǰڼݸأԬ˸вʣŵǰߣʹܽǣŵĴҲܵһʱ佫Ŵ򿪣ˡ
ҷŻһ֮£ôĸɲͩأ
ӪڰһСɽ˼գֱһɢ
ǸΪ׵СͷĿû֣ԱƺΪɣĸϰ߳Ϊ󹷣ҲΪˡ
ʱ˫Ǿ裬ЩţǸȿȺʿǲǲܽˣ˳ĬƬ֮󣬵˵ͷ
ȻǾͲúˣ˵СֻǷЩ񣬽Աǡ
ԶмලȥԵĿҶԼѰ˿յ£졣
˳۾ضȺϣӦɱڣɢ뿪ʲôòӳɽ󣬴ԶʿȣôȴӪĽ֮֡
ʿѾҲ򽣱
ʮУ˺̧ͷһۺָϽĿת˵ͷҲǣֻǸΪ׵ֿ˸˳һۡ
һۺ֡
ֱ˳Ҳ˵ǸζʲôԴǣͨīķʿֻǾǸܲһЩ
һֲѩ£ȴȻȵģǿҵģʹѹסҲҪðͷĶ
˳һ˲ˣҪðһա
˷ǲ֮ܽȻڣֹסǵĽŲ½ˡ
˵ʱƲط˽˵仰ʱܵԼĲ̣Ϊ˿šܣǺʾļһҪɱǵġ
ЩУ¶˾ŵɫ˿ȴãȻ
Ǹڣ촽һ͸ϵ׳һȺʿһ
˵ģʵ
˳˵ͷҴӲ˵ѡ
Ǹ۾ѩˡ
ǣǣòʤⳡ𣿡
˳סˣЩײƵʿҲסˣĿػ࿴ȥֿǸСͷĿһڼݾӪ۵ļΪʲôʳƵ⡣
Ǹǰһ
ѩгڻ֮ȼյķŭӿ۾
ҪΣ¡·ҲҪȼС½ʤǣ


520 
һеĴ󲿷ʵûǵĽ̸лع
һЩҲô,˵зЩ£Դ׺󣬴ڽƺͱˡ
ʲôЩСǲ,Ӫ˽ۼ,Ҳ˵һЩֵֹĴš
ԭǲЩ,ݾǲģ˵ʹ,ЩܵҲǷɿ죬ҪܣһҲӲǡǲӵģ
ôõֿ,ֲʹ,ΪҲĸԸ
˵ǣǵںҲ룡
˵ЩŲĿʱЩѹҲûǴĲǱѩˮʪľ,еϷĺ⡣
ǴʧɫĶͽͶִٵķ泯ĵ¡
ֱѩʱЩҳϵľԲŷŭ˫,Ҫһ˿ЩôܣôңǾȻӵرԼѡվһ
Щͽǵ׾Ҳؽǵ޳оϾ޴ĳ裡
ݵȷΧߵ,ӪʿǰȥǺ˫ۡ
ϻմЩѪĴ߹ʮʬʱһ
ǲ䡣
˳΢΢ü
ҲֻǱ䣬ս˳˵һ㡣
ǸСͷĿƺ˼λ˵Ļ
ǲһ˵ûѡΪʿʱһ㣬ΪʿΪ֮ǾͲһˡ
ڴֲʶǭ˵Ǻ¡
ǽͬǵײһߵͣ˲ͬĴԼҲϿµĵλ
ʿҪսһȻҵģǻбԼµѹʱִл˾޴С
ڱʿ˵ƺһֽǵԷйھӪлľ޴ѹȻӪСҲᰲοЩ׵ƤһϢ򣬸ⲻʲôֻҪĴɹ˻ƺӣЩˡ졤ˡԥ˶ץӪкЩĵλˣ
ǵʱҲץסһ°Ůףȭ߻ǸӵķʽйǱѹŭ
̶ģЩڣҲοԼֻҪһ̵̣ľӮⳡսͺáֱ½
Ѿúܸߣͷһ£˿Լ̤
һЩԾ֣ʹо;УҲԳʵᣬԷ۵УԿƯͽӹźòľͽӸӪЩֱɵľ
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δһܵصĽʹٽЩӦҲҶôɣ
ûдôԶ˸öôȻؽЩҥԣΪһλӦеģССİЩЩѵӦõ
һɱİӶǭףߵλãҪܶ裬̶ѪᣬΪЩһĵ
Щʳˮʿİõѹ򰡣
ЩС½һڹٶʱصԴ˵½ϣʿǲģЩ˵ۣÿδʤ̣ҲǵһǮףǿһ룬ҪСڻͻؼȥԼ޶СҲбɳԡʱк´
ⳡսڰҲ޽ӽҲлǼӰ
úԶЩʲô·ۼ˵ġ
һλУ˵Щĺ²ʴӣĸҲ࣬ϲůЩ
Щ·һҲûȾɫѿˣ
󹷾Ϊۣôĺ¶¶ĵġ
Ż¼׵Ⱥߣһߣһ߽еĴҪģʲôطʲôط
һȺ˽۳ɺӣҪߵ߾İʱ󹷵ĽŲͣһ¡
ΪλĽŲݵͣһ¡
ǸѾҰûľûдׯһСģпܱ½еŰ巿жߣֻʣ»ߵķڶϱڲԫС
˳ȥʱȻʲôġ
ЩƤѾɫֳһĪɫĶˣŵģҲŵģŵͰǽԶԶ
Щ۾ѾǣѾѻԵò࣬˻ȻˡҲòơˡۡ
λһǱɳʲôģǸ龰Ȼֳľ㵡
䣬ûطá˵
ס˳˵
󹷵˵㲻ס
Ҳղۡ
Ǹ˳һʲôˡ
֮󣬡˵Խǵ۾ˡ
ֱǱƣʷ¹ֵ˴ӳв񱼶ڳдĴŸźХıʱʿҲɲ¡
ⳡ˴սʤӦ½ȻҲǲܲ٣ɣ̫ʷȣκһλʷĽζӦһȺ
ѱͶеɲǶԷʲô»ֻǿŲʺ£
ܴ˺ҹգݹԴ˼ʱ̫ʷϣȻȻŴİӪ˽
ЩݱڷİʱѡͶܣҲиļݱˮһսǵĽشӪ
ǲûԮģڶ˲ƽʱǱ˴˹ţԮǵģС꽫ı𣡡
֮⣬ǻİɱҲδͣЪǾţָ
δݣ֧͵ϮıǲܶģֻҪס˴Ӫؾһܻ˵о
еؾҲġ
ԵĵоǴģһݹᾣһãŴӵŭһһǳ
ǲ½ıϵõģ
Ȼǽв֣ȻѹҲ޷⣬Щ͵ôͻȻǳ˷ùĲһ
ɱһ˿򣬶ֳһµ
ȷûʲôҪһ㡣
Ⱥ˿ǵìײǵĶܣֻŻ׵ǵͷһߵڵأǴǵϽ⿪ϵԼϡ
ǵڱȺ˴߹̫Ⱥõվڳͷϣʲô
˴ӻϧͳһģݸǸͬҲڣĸߴ󣬿ϵ佫
Ǹ佫ģתͷ򼸲վŵһȺˡ
һǵ·˵
̫գͷӪģһĻڷսݾҲ
۵һҫ۵ģһڱ·


521 
ݡս˼,вι׺ݵķΪܹ½һ,Щ˽Իǵ뿪
ž׵Ľ񿥵սϣֻҪһܳȥ滹гص,ͬҲҪͳΧȦȥ
ԭΪװŵǵ鱨ҲļҾ죬Ϊһ¡ĳһ㷭֮ѤĹɢˡ
Ƭݵ,Ũ,ʬأսɢһؽ鱦񣬿Υͼˡ˭Ҳ֪Щô˵ģǵҪһͬ뿪ЩҲҳϵִǵ
ǲηһ𣬲η꣬ηײݱĵ,ֻΪȡһʱš
ҲĲƸȡһʱš
Ȼ˵˵Ǽŵ鱦˵ġ
Ǽʮ̲סҪ,οЩ˵ʿսϼսƷ׺,벼ƥʲôʱôĲƱ
ʿȥ,ĲһڵأȻٱ£ֹսϼʰЩʹ,ڴɨսʱȻⲻʿ͵͵С
ϾСǰȥƨǲǼһģȺۼĲذ
䣬ʿ·ǳ
Ҳ˵Ϊʲôмž͵ˣǰ˵滰֮ǰ͵͵ʲôȥˡ
еܾȣеľȲˡ
˵ûڸʸ£ֻ·ĶʱСģƤŵģ±ڵоĵо봩ףֻЩӲĶԼƤĦ
һַصžͻžӲλεĶԽŵȥ񣬵ĶԽ࣬ȻǾͻһæҵȥЩһԼĲôôʵ
ȻȥʱǰսƷغãǲòڵζӣ˲Ŀ
¼о˭Ҳûϴ裬ζ͸Ũˡ
½˷һƢ
ǣ˿۹ǵľúʹ𣿡ôʡ
ʿҡͷ
彫˿۹ǵľúʹ𣿡
ʿҡͷ
ΪʲôҪΪЩǮƣǵۣͬǵĴӪǵ彫ٵףۣ֪Ϊ֮ʣӪѿսʱ֪
ƻʧɸãֵɸ
˵ɫͰˣеȦˣİͷ£֪˭ͷӲӵĶ˵ϡ
Ŵ˳СһʱͿСԸΪǰ䣬ȴӪͬˮ𣡡
СˣСҲԸ⣡ҲԸ⣡


͵͵ػͷһĽ
һ˵ͷ
˾ܲ½һͬ·ߣĿض֧顣
ּǰˣһصĽоٶڱ֮ǰһЩ
ۼǰ߹ȥˣоҲ߹ȥˣС½ڷˡ
֮УһǧʿЩʰˣǵҪй¼ᡣ
ˡ
С½תͷƳλıʿһۡ
ôˣȻ˵ЩҲ˷Ѱ
˾ܲһԼ̬
Ϊܿ彫ġ
س·һˣʵ㻹ûʶ𣿡
λںСϵʿһȻȻ
ܲģһսոսʱɾʹĲˡ
е㱧ԹҪҲ۲ںϰ·Ҳȷʵ࣬ɺܵذǡ
С½ʱǷǮ
ûǷֹС½ǽڼ̫
С½ٸǷЩӲӵĶƺҲǴѵϰߣǾеսƷȴõıݺͲƥ֮⣬ᱻͻغȥ󷽾ǰ̫ԶὫ͸ָԻȡȼ۵
˵ϰ߲ãϾݲʲô֮أֲȫݣֻűǼһѴϡõĵӲôãӲþнʿ̼ܶѾǺ˲¡
Ǵôọ̃ӼȻҲãȻеģϴռöװװˡ
ɽϣӸµǰָָ
ҪĶ
ǰӪݾ뼽ݾɱһգӪ̫õһʲôϡãֱ治ߣҲң˫սĺͽ۵
ÿһ˶ƾһɱ˭˭һ˭˭Ƭ̡
̫ʷܽڼıѹڴӪѾܲףǸûоӹȻڣҲѵá
Ƕʬϣͬ۵ģ˵ģȽ̤֮ţȻżս
ǵĿӪǵҲˡ
忰źеĻЦǽƫҪͷ
ƫһǣ
Ǵɽϸ
ԽԽ죬Щʱյıƣܵļ뺮䣬Ժ׷˺磬Խ̫ɽϯһ㣬˰ӪݿϯƬս
ǵĵƿʿţ̤Ŷʵʬ壬սһ˾Уξƫͷ­֮ʱݾѾòٽĹڶˡ
һһļݱʼӪȥǲ֪δǸѾҰƺǵˣһ𣬵ǵĺ⣡
ͷӬһĴӴܣ˱׷ݱһڵأҲЩ˻ǵشӪӳһ·ҵһȫεĲ֮
ֻķׯȻոճȥʱҲǰһһ
Ѹ侲ģЩɫǺɫġˡ̬ĵˡ
ǵĴȼգһƺ޹ˡʿְǾˣ±˼Ұŵũ
ǾЩʬ֮ţԼӣʵΪԼΪߵʬ尧̾Сġ
½ʿսƷڸϻذӪʱⳡҵսѾˡ
սϵˣʿҲڷԼսѣߣҲר־ռսƷŬ𣬲ҴԹˮ̫ˡ
㶵עһУûʶζʲôԶѾܹˡ
һӵɣһȻӵ࣬Ȧ̫ʷȣԼһߵһ㣬ɾǰϵζĸ˳
ѷˣ
˳ͣ˽Ųһ񣬡Ҳ
ֹһ̴ƴԮˣɴԬ
ֹԬʷ飡
ἰڴˣ˸⡣
۹ͣ˭Ϊ׹
˻࿴̫ʷȺɶ˸˳
˳תͷȥ˰ǡ


522 
һսʤ˷ɢȥҪһʱ,ڼ˵½һֹСҹ䣬ҳΪԬͷĸ,س֮죻˵ǾǵС½һӣûʲô˵ģʹڰѾƸˣֻܶһϿĶңףһ˳ɡ
ֻдԶֻڵºڵİ,Ż̾һ䣬ôǸ֯ϯĵļһأ
ΪԭͲ,ڸˡ
෿ݶսĺۼ,ڽ϶ŵŨصĽζ,ú,ں俪ı,һͰһͰˮ
ʬѾϳȥ,ķǽ,ԼսľҲϳȥˣӳŵظ·ɨһ¡
ȻǲͬѰġ
ֳһľ,ܷ·潹ڿѣڽ̿·ָһ⻬Ӳıǻ
½ϻʱľһǡ
ǵ̬ǸĶǵʱ̡
ǰ棬Ĵ죬ϡΧ۵˫͵,Ѫ붳ָָ㡣
λµС½
һ;У
㿴òöô㿡
Щ˽ﵽ󽥽۳һ仰
ȻˣǲҲǷأ
Ȼܲõأ
½ʱû뵽ģе£Ҫ侲һ¡
ǵظһϴ٣ڸǵ֮󣬺ؽظֵǮĶˣ࣬ҪһЩɢװʳʳģԼһЩûüװﲼ
һЩҲˣǵûнҲϷֵλڹսкͷĿǹ˳á
½Ϊظµˣʮ²ҲĿ
󲿷˵СҲ⡣
иúܾ񣬴úصСк̻ȻҲǰ
Ск֮󲻹Ҳ۾ﺬᣬҲʮ־ǿزϵ
˵ԼҲ˵˭סС˵
Ҳǳĸʿ˼ҵĺӣɢ˶ѣ˵δ⸮еˡ
Скæͷ
˾ֿܲǺӡ
ǳйСɾĸĸ׾ҲͰˣ˵ûУСɾҪͳȥһġ
СкһӾͰˡ
˾ܲüһġҾ֪
ͯѰ˼ңСⷬ
һ˵һǰһѹ£Ǻӵ͸ˣΡΡϾҪ޳
½㿴ȥˡ
Ż˼Сʲô˵ôѰ˼ҾͲܡ
Ҹ򶫽ͤСԱţСǼеӣղֲ
ˡ
㸸ôˣ㵵ʵôûǸչģ
⣬ֲҲֹסˡ
˷ҸΪʵС³ˣֳ
С˵ȥˣҲαװˣʼصؿޣԽԽίԽԽ
޴½ĴһȦ𣿸õ𣿡
̫˰ɣ
ܲ԰ǿ񱼶ʱǴȫҾģȻҲڳϣ۳ҵ˸߻أк
֪ǲЩӳɽҩãʿȻһ
һ½²һֱŵԬӡٵĴ˿̣һǲϿӺӣȥϷ־ŹĹ¡
ֵһ£Ҳŵһ¡
ӡӣ
ӻͳˮݸ
ûӹˮֻһۣ
Т˼꣬ƣ˷֮
Ƭɿݿѵ촽ĵţֱˡ
Ӱ֮սʼǰ˼ǾѾꡣ
Ӳʩͱӹؾǰв˵һвѣͲܲٵ־Ǹıλͬͬһͯڻɱϯܲٷ½ǰܲڲЭٶȹԤĻҪ졣
˴˵˼߲㽫죬ΪݾʵȨ֮󣬹ΪԤսжϡ
½ʼûвӪկԮǲܲٵԱ֯һžɵȵ·ԮϳԾƱ̩ɽѹƣ˷ɱ½ݾ
½мԮò԰룬ȥݡԮˣӪļݾβ󣬵ʱ롰ݡĲǰΧɿԻ½
½ѡһ·һֱɽԮƣҲ̫ʷؾУ
Ϊܹȷ̫ʷһܲ٣ٽ贾Ԯʱһ֧봾йʵĲһսɡ
һ̴ú࣬Ҳ⣬ݾӪ۽ֻҪƴ۵ǿգһܽݾӪ
Ͼǹλǲܲ٣ϣĿƴۡġ
ӱݵķöɣսһһǣ
½õ
ⳡսη涼뵽ˡ
дţͳȣ˵ȰЩ첿ãôҲ벻ݾһݾİġ
ǰôᶪ
ݾηѾ˼߷˳֮ˣǳصÿһҺǿĽӴûһɵģ
ҹ˯𣬺ɱȻˣǶȼ
̵ĳǳ˭ҾӲʿ
ǰǵôģ
˵ҲáȻڡ
һ˫Թ۾˵
λʿԼĺӣЦˡ
һۣ񲻾壿
ӺȻͣʿԼͬȥǰŮ˵ĿԼԼش
˭Ҳû˵
Ӷ࣬·ʱһСŪһҲ⡣
Ҳǵһˡ
Ÿ߰˶ĲֲСѳһǣǲˡ
ſڴϿ⿴˽æµúܡЩ˴󲿷ǰӽٲ˱м˴׽
ǵܸߣóܺãиúӢͦ佫òݿҪЩɲ׼ˮʲôϴ裻
ڰһĸߴԳ佫¶ĻԼҷʾһҲΣգ¶ˣټˣ
һʵܶСѸоΣյʿͬЩۣƺҪŸʲôˣҪǴǰĿ
һڵվԺִٲһߴ֣һ߹۲ΧһߵȴʲôǸƫĲֲˣ˶Ӳˡ
Ǹ½̨ףԺӭֹȥǸ֣ŵúͨһӹˣ
˵ɳƣֺܵͣСѸ壬ǸĪؾͿˡ
ǸظĻһʲôأ
˵޾Ϳޡ
ȵһݰ׵̴ܹʱֲѾ޵ɤӶˡ
أҰһǹģɤӻںһǹⶪҵģ


523 
̫ʷȵｫǣ,˰˸ˮ,Сĵ߹·,ٵſʱֲ￴һۡ
󽫾ʱ˸ۣ˵¶ȷʵܹ٣ԼǧһҲֻΪ档
ܵ·Զ,Ӱһ·ȥ,ܻعȥǺò׻һ˼,ܵôЩʲô
һ,ӪͬҲԼЩȻУżǿԵ,⻹ٴС
һ,нӲӵС͸һ⻪,Ⱥġ
سŵʿ˹ʮһ·ȥģ
Ŵֲڵչ¶һֵЦ,ǣ
ΧһƬ
ȥ,ȥ·;,Ҳ,ֻǻģ
еڶʿҲְһ,Щ׼ǵ˵ڳſڣ¶,ȻΪ⼸ʿĽ̸ǣΪһ΢ĳű㣬ȻǮ͵ϵľǮ,һȺűΧһҪǮأ
űʼԼ´һͣһ¶ֺõЦݡ
ְҲڣѾĿڣӡʮɡĳˡְּ˻ݵĲС
ʵ̫ˡ
ҵһ⣬Ī
ǰҰĸ˵Ϊ˵һźףܲܰҽŴȥ˼ŮɵȲ㿴Ѿʮˡ
λʮѾڳűΧʱͻȻһ
Ŀ֮£ˣȺߵۣͬ
ΧһĻȺȻһʱ䣬Ȼе㡣
½ʿ˵ϢӰ͵˾ͬšǶϲʱݾҲϢ͵
ԬһӾͽ˧Ʒˡ
ңɺޣɱ
ʲôسǣⳡܱʧȥһǸ£
ݾ·Ԭ̷·ԬоԬܵУĳǱĿ꣬ʵʵԵأģԴȴû
أĹʱ£Ʒ鶼ԬܺŵùģɺơӹµЩҲҪϾ·Ҳûָʲô½ͷ­漣ֻҪס߱ǡ
һƬƽԭտУȫҡֻҪڣǰǣӱʿŻڴΪܼĵս
ڴдǰ½׼ҪЩӪկĲʱԬҲҪ·ӪկԮԼıн½ֻˣ
򣬱˼ҰڵĦȻ⡱ʮӻȥˣ
ӻȥʲôã⻹ڼſڴ̣ӳ漣ˣΪ˧ϧԸԾҲͰˣȻûУӻؼȥˣ
ֱһ
ԣ˶磡
ֹǲԣؼȥ޵ģǸˣ
ԬܺԼӦøʲôӦݱ£ס½пܱϹǵĵ·ƺȼֻǷǳŭҪ󳳴£ҪνǰһС
ôʱǰܿûǵӺƫû̬ĹƺڻĴɽ¯
Ԭǰһһķڣܿ˹ȥ
ıʿǸϵоʱҽѾǸظϵԬߣСĵطι¼۱Ȼƽҩ
ʹҩҲԬܵɫúҩıЪıʿ˽
һҲԻ󲻽⡣
½úμƲߣ˰ǣ
˵м䣬½šüģ𲯣ɫƭ
򿪰ŵ˲ûеõɫ½ĶıʿǿǲֵһᣬԳƵϿЦġ
½ֻǽսƷеĺ·˳ȥһݣҲЩһݣٸÿ˷һӵףԼһƥʹһЩǮƣֻͷĻǺܿɹ۵ģֵÿҲƽƽˡ
ǿԴЩ΢ĽͻؼȥֱʾҲ£ݼһĴ
Ǻǽŵһ£ٲֻؼȥˣиǾ͵ҪҪС½ȥû׼⣬Ϊ⼸Ҫġ
ΪݾͼݾܲһЩʿʹʱҪǮģ
ǮǾʲô˵
ڳæµȥû˿ǣǿԷɽ񣬵ñ֮ǰűӼලʱҪЧʣǱõľس·ϣһѵˮͰڳſŶӡ
Ẉ̂ҶܳڴһսϴһϴźãˮǴģɾ·ҲǴġ
ĵʿᣬһöһöųöǮˮҪȣһͰ͹ˮԼˮںش꣬ˮôΪʲôһǣ
ŵʿûЩƽϵ鷳ˮģˮģԡͰҲǹģǵȻҲҪ׼ã·ȥϴֻҪѸԡͰѽѽͷðʱ⣬ȻһͭǮǰƥȥС
ԴмʿΪˮ¶Ȳһܣͼϴ裬С½ʱʹۿۡ
С½ָ˸ܣͳһˮͳһˮͳһǮʿָԡϴ裬ͳһǮ
˵Щʿһ·ľͺ
֮󱻾ѵЩ˽صСһ٣˼ӣˡ
ǽߵʿΪܸ·˲ٽ鱦Ա֮£Ͳˡ
һѱѳĽ͵⣬עĿ
ΪⳡʤǴսƷ̫ˣѻɽױУݲԼ鱦ʲôϡˡ
СͷæµͣЩСװں۵ĵطȴһʱûȥ½߽ʱͿһĻ
ִóһĽʱע⵽ҷ׷æǰ
Ӻܴ൵˲裬СҲֻӲͦ﹤һС÷࣬ǳĵȦĿ
ڰ֣ʲôҲ˾ЪһЪ
ٴ˵سձһΪ׵Сٺܹ˵δȥЩ࣬ǲҵ󡣡
飿ʣʲô飿
Сٱ㽫Ķݸ
֪ͨݿعٸ飬Ҳܼ򵥣ֻʧ١زεʿϲͬĸ׼
ʿͬһصģЩͬһ磬ͬһ壬ͬһҵġ
űֽȥ
СϷŵģдŵģĶ


524 
Ѿǵÿ˵֡
һһŵֽƬ,ŬЩ뼮Ǹˡ
ǱʱƤ󲿷Ƶģ۾Χ½˲ͬ,ã,ʮظණԭںߴġ
,ͨũ޵صͻҪ,е߸ӡ󣬱ϾũҪڸһ,ÿ涼оϲ
ж˵Ѿܲ,ҪҪ,ƶ,ȻԼ,ҲܲԼġÿڱ˴Ŀͺܼ򵥣ҪһԼĴ
ʹȫСܳһ洬أǭһͬʵģ̰ũΪʲô̰أ洬ºҪǮϰ㲻Ҫ˰ˮʱͿʼҵ
νҲ,ôǮأ,û죬ˣַ,ôأ
ȻЩС¡
඼С
СʱҲӪࡣǸ˵
أ
С˳ˣҲֻʣСһж㲻Щˡ
ҲͲȥˡ
˵һͯҥ˵ɽģһɽġ
ûɽЩںߵĶǣΪʲôһһٻأ
Щǵ֪λС½󣬱㲻ٽϣںɽˡ
ǽϣϣͬʱȥְҵϣԼΪ޶Сֵõıꡣ
ȷѾǵЩˣǵǵк飬ʷȴΪһ̡
Щڳȥǻϸϸÿһͭ壬Сؽ
Ƕڳľ޵УҽԼõһ㱨Ϊϲ𽵹Ǽһ棬º͵˵仰Ϊҡ
Ҫ˽صһСҲեȡֻΪҫĿԶ롣
½վ
Ǹڰƴ˧ȻС£ԬǾ벻ġ
Ѿѹļµ֢״һһ󣬵ȴѡǾ
ʧһ֧ӴıţӦλȻϣƤëԼʵʵֻ۾ȴִضıʿǡ
֮£λ֪Ϥʵкμ̣
һƬĬ
ԬܵĿ⿴ֵһλĹͼ
λԲıʿü
ȿڣ̫ãʵڰİսøƯЩģսóӣΪߥԬܳͷ֮һͼЩˡ
ǿʵģҲǲⵣģıԵȷ½ЩӪկǰԮҲ˵кܴ⡭ˣ߰ӪկҲûˣԥͨˣںͺܿҪ
ȻпͼȰӳȥ
Զѣо壬ͼ̾Խ¹֮ڽǰΪ鰡
ȻЦһ
װô
ͼһ죬ҧԪ𩣡еǰһΪ෬οȴԶ壬´ڳλв֪
ͼصʲô⣬˭֪ǰǾڣһûֱʣ⡪
顪
ıʿһ
ϵһӶȥˡ
æһӹڰʱͼϽˡ
½ڲ࣬ǰڴ֮µΪ˳
ͼռסˡ˵λãԬƺҲˡ
ȻҲٳıˣ߷յĻ˳±λȥ
ӱ壬ǣɲ찡ڣأҳ
ǣʳȣγƲһҳ̷
Ʋһ¡
䵱Ȼҳϣλߺֶȫ֮Ԭսϣֱҳϡ
˽ܲãͼԬ̷ȴԬȥԬУˡ
Ѿˣ̸ʲôҳϣͽϸСˣ
׼ڣ˵㻵ʱȺȻ˵ˡ
ǳǸҺ񣬳ؾǧκ࣬ɱǡ
ͼ̿ʼ´
½ˣǧˣʲôֱֲ֪Ԯ
һս½¾ضҲĶˣһʱ̹ǣ
ˣںӱʿ񲻾壿λܡ
¶һ΢Ц
ǵȻ壡ݺǿЩ½ε汱뼽ӱл·
ıʿԾؿƽʱº侲ʱȴÿµʿ
оڼغ󷽣ӱ½źͣΪǰ䣡նóôʱս½һղñһղ£ӹ½ֻƣ֮Ԯʱǲһӹ֮
Ԭƺˡ
ò׼̬ȣҲųĬֻһ̬ˡ
ǰܲٹ죬½ǧԮ;ʿʳܲٲܹ֮ʣԲ٣ٰ
ͼ࿴һۣڶԷпһԼֻӻɵĴ
״̬Щãɵõײײһµĵ˳ȥ
ԴδḡЩͼЦƼȴҲδ˭ʤ½һʱݶࡪ
̬ɷη񣿡ԸЧͣ
Ԭܵ۾±ŷ˹ʣǹӳڹͼУ๣ͷԼ
кѻȻա
û취ڿʬģѰǶʱͳһȽʡ£ߡ
ȻҲбȽϷµİ취ս٣Ҳ٣ǾеģɴҪǽΧɽľ񶼿ͳһʬ塣
ѻǺܲĴʽϷ£ʱҪٷһȴŨһѬ޷
վӿĻ⣬עⲢеİһĻ
˹תͷȥ
Ѿϴɾĸ˳һվࡣ
ûװе⣬Ӫнʿ׶ѾƵòӣΪǷ¿¼ף˳ϲԼԭףȥˡ
ưд󹷣ûһƵһ䣬ǵӪҲһԴ󹷡
˳һۣ΢΢˵ͷ
֮ǰºѲʱһһΡ
˳û
һ˵ķ
ڲӪˡ˵
˵ˣעǰ˷
Ҳδؾˡ˳˵
½Ȼתͷ
ӪʧЩˣЩʬģʿĲˣЩ಻֪
ȷι˻ɫѩֲĻ
гһƽ޷ֺϺӱع󺺣˳˵ұ֪ǵȥˡ


525 
Դ½ļʮ˽вʼ,ˡ̸ֽ˼
˵иС١Ҳ֪ʲô˷ģǽ仰Ϊ,ôһҪ죬ԽԽ,䲻䲻⣬¿ɳҲ
ʱͷ,롰١Ǻܲ׵,ھкܶҪ
̫ʷ,,ʿҪ,пܼսĿڰ,˲еҪóͻݣ
ԥһҪʱ˹,ڰ֮սսƷĶ࣬һǮͷ,һòϵĲƱҪݣ˾ܲдţѾмͷӸϹˣҪ̸׻ʱ,Ȼ,Խ,Էѹ۾Խݣ
¶Ѿȥ,ǱߵԼ黹ҪʱͻʲôԬͶү״̬Σʱȫ֪ģ
ռ˰,ҪҪҪҪǣԬܵĴӪسǣ澪ˣֱжؾȥŪ峵ݣ
Щ²ǲҷˣ̫Ĳ˽ЩȻ飬ҲʲôĴǵ̬Ⱥܼǲܸ죬Ǿֻͻȥ⵱ȻҲҪ֡ݣԼʱ䡣
Ūÿһ£ȻܿҪҪ١½ǰδеæµ
ҪæģҹҲҪͼݳ򲻶ϻرϢͲξǵĻսơ
з紵ǽĽҽһιǰ
ͻأıըʱ½һΡССĻյ̫ůͣսϵ˲ʱ̲סʹ˸
εˣʿڵˣҲˣǳĬ̩ɽķȥ
һҰ׵ѩ˲ǳĺǲȹҽĺȴһ˻һȦơ
ؼʧȥһֻʱ׵ɳɳ
ͬС
ƺҪͬǽ̸ҲüѺãָ̬߽ӣȴԵ롣
ôᵱͬأ
Щ߽ɽӰģսˮһ⻬İĵĿ֮С
ͬҲվ̩ɽ£йԸԶ֮ϡ
̩ɽʯĹЩ־ƮƮȻ˲ͬ
վһƬҫĹУȴе޷ܵĹ¶־塣
ıըǴʱͻȻѵġ
ʿ͵͵ӡ
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½߳ظʱط֣Ƕ˸ģ
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һֱ߳ôϸľǾͿܶ£ҪʮǮһΣԼؼôڶУǰйߣ
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ʿǶЩľ̯ǰؿʼս˵ʮһľҿľͷ覴ָ࣬ҪʮǮң
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˾ܲ룬Ȼͱʮ΢Цһ£ڵĻȻҪԼῡĶЧ


526 
˵ῡĶ,ɾˡ
Ϊ֪ԭ򣬼ʿ½ǺӲҲ䵭ģĶʿˡ
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˿֮󣬽ŷһߣ˶ʾԵ۹
ȥ˿ܲؿ˰ɣܲ룬Գһ䣬֪½Ҹø곤ֶӻɵġ


527 
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֪ܲģǼװ֪˽ԸһЩΪĺͲܲٴк
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СЩ˽Щ
ǸߣôҲڶҴտ
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Ҳ֪Լǹ߱ʲôֻȴĶҹģ뷨


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˶ҪǰһͰˮԼϴϴɾ,ӭʥҸһġ
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С½ҪټҲù갡ô顣
༸죬Ȱ˵,༸ܽˡ
С½ٵȼ첻С˾ؼҹꡣǻǲͬ⡣
󹤹ǵ˾߳,ǸúӢ꣬ͷܸߣɫ,ǹȦ,ϻһģģĻҡ
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ϴһϴǰҪ¶ģϴֻ֮пֵ顣
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֮ܶЬӣ̨ʱ΢еͬͬšܿ˹߽ʱȫԵƽʱһȻ
ȥˣʡ
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ţţ֧֧һ£ǺȻע⵽ʲôƵģָָ½ϵӣǡ
ǰŮ̽ժ£ȥؿʼȻǰЩҼҾҲҪһ
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һˡ
ȥѲǣ½˵ȥȡɣ
ɺȻͽ
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ոյΪʲôѵģ
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ɴһСһС廥ʹɫЦֲЦʱظ߹Ҳæоһӣֻ⡣
ȻԶشһ·ʿĴǳ⣡
ȻˣɵҲˡ
ǴҴ̨ʱʹո⡣
ٳ֮ʹ˼Ъ˹غм½ʹΣӣ


529 
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кӱűܹȥ,͸ŷ,صظС
Ǹʹڵ,Сݹȥһˮ˫Ȼڲ,ӲסǱˮ
µļⶼѩﳤʱϵ˾,˳֮,ͷ,촽,ȫ΢΢ز
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Ȼ򣴨ˡȺܳһ޵ķ,Ǿмҵг,Щһ֧С;ӵĲǣǵԱȱܵøԶ,ϢҲͨ
һͣϳʮ,ٽĵ޵ġ
ڵһλǿУԬܽһսϢ
ͻȻϾΪս,սⶫǺͻȻ˵ʲôʱʼ˵ʲôطʼ
һԼǷҪðմսȥߣĺôȻܶ࣬һӡ󣬵Ҳŵġ
Իƽ֮󺺸صĴʷ˲֪ٸֻҪ쫷սεƾʲôأ
ݳٳò⣬ȵڶϢǸҹ˲ͬѰ
˴ڵĶҹűѩ
ЩԳıǿҿţŻӸǡ
Ȼأ
ʹܿصȫѾƽܲһλŮ
ü۽ûаһֻ˫۾İĺ̶ֱֱע
ȻȻС˵ģʹһοʼǶڽ¿˵ˣˣʹҾ֮С
ԣ
Ȼ˷һȣʹ͵ֽͷѹڵϡ
СҲֻǵ;˵棡
нŲȥƬ֮½˵ˡ
ԶҪλʹȥЪϢɡ
ǷдúܺǷǳǴõ鱨ʹܵĽ֮³ҲǺġ
ɵ̬һڵʲôˡ
Ҳǵ˵ҲпǵΪ˧жϡ
µġ˵
üͷеԻƺŲ֪ô˵ȥ
䲻޵У½˵ϾϸֻҪӣϲԬ֮֡
ֱһֺ΢ģȰֲ֪ôȰЦƺַǳʺЦ顣
꣬ǶȻˣ̾һ֣ȥ彫Ƕ
ȷʵûŹꡣ
ΧһƬзҵ˵Ųսȥֱ˰ס
е꼫ˣһɻƵģ֪йȥһƨһʯͷϡ
ʯͷ䣬ѩ͸ڳĺҳϵؽ˳˫ȴ˾ͱִ̹ǵĺͳȵķĥ尾š
зӹͺͺкХԶʲôûС
ûԬܵ׷ҲûмѾؼֻʣ֮ⷽأֻʣ⼸ʮˡ
ױ֪һˮһڡ
ؽӿ
ҷſģױŬ˵Щʲôսδɡ
ʲôսδһ䣬˾ǰˣԣӶͯҮ
ױôͷɥﵽһȥ˽ǵתͷȥǺĻ⾡ͷʱǵ͸Сˡ
λȻֱûֹȴڵƽԼͷԡ
߱ʱһж췭ظ̫ͻȻʱô⡱ϳʮʱʶһвͻȻ
ԬСɫı޶ϡһȺ۶ɸϵĶıʿǧȷģ˾áڴԬЩֱʹӾ뷨Ӹٹ̡ԬǸ׶ԸĶ֡
Ȼ࣬䲻Эıʿǵһʱһ䣬һԥԥ˧ôܴʤأ
˵оϳǸ˵Ԭܱδڵһʱ´ȫߵ
е˷ܣ
ԬܲͬΪף׼Ҿƶÿÿ˳ЦΪ֯ϯ֮Ӽã鶼Ǹ鷳¡
һߵգûӢһϸµҰǲܵġ
˿һ֣Ƭƽ̹ضýʵ˫ʹκıƵսϣԬܴһ̣
Ȼ˺һѤõ죬̫ҪĿסЩѲеȺˡ
е𺳵ǣľԬܿʼսʱһȺսĲ˹
ʯɽ¡¡£ƷľˣŻصƣײľС
콫ˣѩԭϷɫмǺӰĻ⡣
ˣġǳ½죡
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Ѿ˻ǣܹĴǱ졤ݾһĳµ
˷ؿǱҲ˷ػӣܿг˹ȥСĵͷ
ȻˣԬܾӦòһɵѩԭϵܵҲ£ڳµһ֧Ƶı£бĻͼˣ
ѩҹ˰ޣ˰޵˶ϲųµһ·Сܱ
ش˴
׻ǰһ
δƣҲûʲô
սսûʲôϵ˵ոߵ͸ûйϵǴû˼Ǯ
뷨ֱˡ
վųµķ򿴹ȥ
ǿʯͷľˣȽЩټҹû֪ûˣոհǸױ̾ŵܹҪһѡ
ոնлˡɫ˵
ױһ£
лΣЦЦʵ˰
ЩĶѪһһڻԭϣεأƭԼƭЩɵĸĸ޶ƭ
ԬĳٻЩԾ
һĸıʿĻ
ϳǴϢͬʱ˷Ϊ˽׽ͷβоö۵Ĵ¡
ǵıУλʹϵˡ
λʹ͵½ϺʱԴһ¶𾪵ɫ
Ϊ׵һ죬λŮһװûа
վ̨ϣƽؿţΧҲƺլԺǸѵģƺһһݴ̶ûС
ȫע׼һս
ţֿʹϸӵʱ½Цˡ
Ҫοһ̣¾̫ƽˡ


530 
лˡ
ʿͳĽ,ٴﶶЩץһѵϵѩ
ůϢƮˡ
ǽѩˮܻЩĶ,ѩĿҶٱήĹʵ,ȥܺã۳Ҳν
ҲƬ,Դ廨ţͷϵ,ꢳϵ,ҲǴѵıϵġ
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ʿǲ˴,ֻľشѪڳô鶫,ټʣµķʳ̻ȥ
ǲԶѾ֧,˶ŻʣζԶԶƮ,ǲ,ʿͷҲ̧һ̧
һıʿϵʱû,ſڣؿȺʿ
Żع
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ڼл,һӲ˼£֪⻹⣬òɾһĿĺۼ
λƽʱеʿƺ޲㹪һҾ
ǵĲб£˵ƳϮ·Ԭܿ׷
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ʥС֪ܽ¡֮˵ο˭֪֮Ҽλʹ̬֮лƺ½Ԫֱ갷̫
ƺ뷴ӻֹ֣ⳡˡ
ҿ˶ԣеЦǾȡ˶֮ıԮˣԬܴսһ
˵仰ʱ˧۰ǰŷֿһģˣȦƺҲ˵ĺ졣
ȡ֮ıγԬƣ
һŵУǵĿҺ۵ļڼӡ
ü˿ֿ˿ڼٿеȻˡ
Ǹбµˡ
䲻䣬ȴܸôãôأҪ൱
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ѵ˳ᢣ߳ƣ´Ūڹ֮
ѵ
ͼ˶ţ˼֮С
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дŵƽʱûܹĿ࣬ǱеļȼԾȻֽϡ
ŵĿǰͱǿˣסƤëӺıů˻̿⻹̿¯
ֱȲ裬һ۽
ͼһ߿ţһִ˸ӳһڣζĿǻС
λıʿȻܿ࣬۽ѹסĿࡣ
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ΪʲôȽԣĹ
һʤΪ׬ٷͼ붼룡뵽䲢δȷԶӽȴ
䣬ȣ¸񣬴Σ붼룡
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ڽ۽ȥ۶ɫǰΪһպˮϸ
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ȽʱĽŲ죬ɨһȦΧıʿ֮ǿĺȻ
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˵ͼһţԬܵȾͺȻˡ
ͼǺܰӭ˼ģȳùͼںӱڶıʿӪֽĵλıһϯ֮أݹʵǲСģҲڷƱıԣΪӱıʿ˽ﶼùͼҪڴߣٺڣıߣǶǺܳɫġ˽̫ˡ
˽أôһ룬Ǿ룬ҵ룬ʷ룬е룬Ҳеġ
ͼг˽ģɶҲûС
Ҳԣ룬ùͼгԼһĶֵ֮⣬϶һֻޡ
ǸͶܣۣͬܵ˵ÿҪʣӱûʤֵһϯλð
еĻǱ벻ҧҧ
;Ŀ겻Ǿͬţͬš
ıʿǲൽˣ״һ
ʱͼȻ΢΢ͷλıʿһۡ
һӾͿֻҰ޴ӹͼֻ̽͵۾ˡ
ƮƮĸϵСʱѾ˼ˡ
нӵʿҲǰæҺǿӵʹߣһһȺͷ˵ΪѤϵĲǳ˳͢ġ
Ŷˡ
ˣõĻ˴ʳǾƣھƹѲ⼶ȵϯļƻ
Ԭһʱ죬ΪܣȻ²Ա֮֮Ҳγҵɣҡҡλεٱߺ˱ռƴ˹
Բ飡˴ҵȰԴݱǣ
ƻͨһƬڼҲػཻͷӶ
ǰܣսȴȻֻ㣣ɲӮⳡӡ
ҪٸԬдţ
С½ʮδһܣǰаݣԮǰΧҲ˵ʤԬ
С½ô͸Ҫ维һ㣿
ƲƻǺθɣţտʤ˵
Щ̵ֻʿԹȺ֮Ҳ˧ĻΪһʲôʤİա
ǽɢȥҲ˾ƣػغЪϢʱȻ׾˵
λӣһϵĶȴһҲûбֵþ档
ǡ
ˡ
󺺿ŽŲڵϣʮץסʱ̿жҲ̲סˡ
ңС½£ԮΪ
˫ůĴֽϣͶȻصģ
Ҫ°ݣȴڱץֶ޷Ҳжҡҡ֡
վսթթ
۾ʹļףһҪ³
֪ˡ
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о䲻񣬡˵ȴҲľһ㣬׵ǧȡ
ʲôˡ


531 
ʮ,սϢݾӪʱԬܲЦ
Ӣۣȴܱ,ΪСҲ
٣ԭѷֱĶ᲻ص˵һ䣬ͼ̽˻
ο΢çΪ飬ѵ˳,Ȼ,ܶȵ,಻
,м,ʮֵ,ԬܺЦ΢΢ͷģ֪仰˵
˾Ͳˡ
ھʲôȰöŷ
ͼƳһᣬֿ˿
׷ʮأðңյʾЦ,˲ѵҲҲ𣿡
¶һ΢Ц
ôҲжλı𣿡
Ȼ
ᣡ
ԬܷŭһҲûλ߻նϵıʿ죬Уһ,ͷ͵ؾ˵ϣ
Ϊ󣡡µҾʤʿ磬ɵǣ˿ռԴݹ½˾ݽԲңкΪƫҪŹͼ֮ıʤⲻ֪ʵΪȡ֮Ҳ
ͼסԼ֣ɫǺһʤһ󣬿վǲĬĬر۾ա
ÿÿƾеսͷۣ֪õѹһοһźãǵֱҵıʿǰǺѵõƫġ
ͼһܶʾҲܵԬϧ
һĻˣôӵ׼ȭ
ͼ˸̬ơ
塪
һƷ˧ˣ
˶ڶ£
ңñڰˣԬҸϳȥ
оһ
ȰȰᣬ˸Ͻȥʮĵؿڡ
ͼվĬĬᣬм䲻͵͵һۡ
̬ͬʼնûзӣûзԲͼսš
վһԲ̬Ǳ¶ġ
ùͼߺ޵ùЩ
ͼԭȳġ
һҪʤˣǹȻǹͼģֻж۵ķݶҪô˵ˣҲоְ취ȵȰ;˿ԼЦܷӦû뵽һᣡ
ܸɵᣬȻҲһ׮ͣûɵȣùͼеˡ
ʼһԲл˵ˣʤˣͼƽɫˣҪȲȵģ
ƴԼǸļƻܷɹʱȺȻ
λıʿЦˡ
ͬġġѺõġɵ΢Цһ䣬ʮɱЦ
ͼ⡱һ
ǵæȥҪûע⵽ЦʱĿ⻹ᣡ
ñѾεˣͷɢȻĺӱʿˣһĿѵģɤӶˣ۾ﶼҪѪ
ԣʮС֮ӣ
սصӵƽԭϣСĵط
ߵ±Ⱥӱƫůһ㣬ѩżڻһ㣬ҹһȥ뱱ѩԭܲͬлɫҶ׹ǣƲֻһƬ޵ģڲͬĺҶ
ϣͷѾȵˣɽҰ׺ģҶһƮƮƬսռסˡ
ƣʹԬʤ֮Ҳװɣʤ½Ԯˣս뽺ţ񲻴ʧ
ץסģе롣
Ԭͳһ£ǾЩҲԽȥ
λţ֮µݿܡܵģѵͲô˵
ʱޱ޼ʵūͣ԰ټƵԬٴģҲһ׳լۡ
ԬмŮţԼúܾĵĺ룬΢΢Цˡ
ãոʮƵϡΪ˽HH롱еļ޶ʮаˣڽʱǽӭȢһλòǵĹһоˡ
ЩԻãȷİ׾ٵؾȡĻ꣬⣬ȷʵҲٹսǹ֮ŲԾġ
ȷʵܶ࣬ľһȺ˴ӵһյսֻڿƣ¿ģûˡ
ԭΪЩʿ㵽˺ܾãȵҲ֣ˮԵƬɽʱЩʿû
Ȼ
ҵȻǶǰģкܶıʿûкܶıʿող뿪ˣΪ⣬Ϊγٳδ飿
塢裡ѫնѪΪˣҶͬ۵ֵˣδҲͰˣôŶûУ
罥ڷչһȥƱˣв֪ʲôط׹սľ
Զϣ۾鿴Ԭܾݵ
ԪֱΪγٳٲҴܵߣָָǿտյݣУбʿ⣬ܲǰɣ
ûûôǰûһۡ
ⲻͬѰ̬ȸˡ
һһңͷϣϵ亹Ҳһһңǵȿɫ޷򣿣ոʱͿͬѹΣںȻ˸ζʲô
붼룡
ٲԸϣٲԸţⳡսʼˣ
ݾ֪ʶߵİٲԶλú󣬲źȻɽͣסԲɽϴװĽŲѾԽԽˣ
㱼ս
ߵĴ٣찣󳷣
Ҳ֧ŲסȻ̱ڵϣ
ҶԲ㣡ֻǣֻΪһ½Թ˽𣬲ģ
ڹ֮ʱҾ׷ˣô꣡ҺʱĹֻŭģ˼£ҲҪأң֪꣬ı£³֮⣬ĸ䵱ӣһصжͼ֮֮
Ѿ˼ݾУһӴЪ˹άݣҲѾʼҵܣǱزȹˮı棬ȴûﲢǺӱ泣οһŲȥ濪ѣһƬ˻
һ֧ȫ̳Ǽܵģ۸һ̹ĵĽѵһˡ
ʲôҲˡ
ȫϣ۽ק²϶֪֪ЩִЩıʿѾĮƹˡ
û˹ץıһڵˡ
һӱԹ𣬿ŭĻȻһ䶼òϡ
ֻмС·ʱֱĳһ䣬ǲҪ·
仰ƺһã·˾ͣһ¡
У˶⡣
ǸºʿҲϣźƤëһСĺܻģ
ȵݹһ˿һϻһıᣬһ˿ϣĻ硭Ȼƴġ
ȥ׽ס˵ʱԷ޺ۼȥˡ
ֿʼתԽԽԶ
ĺͣ
˶鷨ǲģڼңң⣬̰


532 
һ޷ܼݾ,ʵ̫Ӵˣͬһɽ¾ɽ飬޴ʯ,Իص̬ɽ,Ҳֻɽ͡
ʹܵⳡͻϮ,ԬܵоӪȻʯ,ҡ,оҲսͬʯ,ȶסߣ󳷳Ƭս
ǵĴӪɽһԶȥͬƽԭһǳ,ľУꢳƥƵ֪ƣھҵҵάܾ޴ս
ݾıݹ׾ռƵģսܻӪʿҪ졤ݱһӵѩˮűһ,ӲͷƤȥ,еǳԺ,һټεԼƣ顣
ȥӪﾾ졤ݱ,Źһٳ,ͬ˵,罫Щ졤ݱͷ­,һ۳
Ȼ鱻ȥ,ΪûаܵһѾ۵ĵ,ҪʾԼʵûӮ,ýй
ϾǳԵñů˯ںʵ̵صıѩ͵Ϯǵͬȷȷʵʵؽʬˮ԰
ЩѾӲʬԣȥÿһʬ嶼ᱻϸңǵıǵף
˴˵֪٣˵дӷþǲµĻҽ
е㶪ˣǵȷ˲׻ȥ
ңǵĿǽԬʹ֮ϵġ
ϣһû
ںʵƤëƾԼ֧סҪΪ֦ƣоյ磬˵ɫһš
Ԭܾһϸ鿴ıʿǵģȻѾϳȥˣʣû˻û˲֪سЦǶϢ񣬵üĿ
ԬĿ˹ͼϡ
ͼˡ
˭Ҳ֪ΪһƽʱԬ࣬Ӳսʿô˵ģһص·ϴƺڸסԼ˵¡ϾûסΪмˣǰҲѪԵò԰׶أҡҡ׹ʮּǿվš
Ԭ´ۣôˣ
ͼرؾ͹ˣˣ룬սͼ֮Ҳдʧǰ㣬¿ֳƱӪٻʹ۽ʶ󡭡
Ҳ̫ˣһ̾һһ֪ǹۣ
˵⻰ͣͣ͵͵۾ȥ
Ȼġ
ѺǾ䡰ʣز㡱Ļʻȥˡ
ͼҲˣȻصؽͷ˵ϣ
ҲѪһ㣬ͼ֮Ҳ
ǿʵģⳡ۽ˣܵ˵˵˭Ρ
֪ǲģǾͱ˽е˹ͼ˭أ
дţԭֻдһ˵ģԬ˷ݵ졤ݵݵԥҵͶţ廨ţС
ֻͶţżҲһЩڳ͢£˭Ҳûͼսʱ͵͵Ԭܴʵʱ鱨ֻôˣҲֻйͼˡ
ʱʲôڻ;Ǹ׾ӶЦˡ
ԬܶŹͼŲ԰׵ԼĳѪĶͷϵˣԼÿθʱǰƬİɫӰ̾һ
ıʿеģƽʱıҲ㣬һβʧǰˣᣬŰһָôЦ
ɶ
뵽ԬϵƸһ㣬ᣬ״֮ǰ
Ȼ֮Ҳǽͷ­ԯҲΪԬһְ֪֮ˣ﷣ȼ£մ˵٣
һ˹񣬿ڳʣǹͼǿԷˡ
ڸϣʱȻȲˡ
ͼͷƤһûκֹԷֻĳ˻ںյظˣ뿪оʡ
Ԭܿһۣое㲻ڡ
ûȵĻûսԼĴ
ҲһǰȰҪ˵ȿ̵ЦƺҲԡ
Ǹоܲþ
ûȰ
ǸģȰˣԼأôȰأ
λǸسǸģƺл˵΢Ц֣Ա۽Щ
ģԬ̾һѵΣƺΣ
Ⱥ΢Цһ£ֻ֪˴ʿշ֪Ļ֮ǰѰ˭뵽ȴһıأ
ԬüչȻϿ佱һ䣬Ҳܹ¼ɣǰ˺ףȻǱȲԬ֮ˡ
ϸ룬һǿĻӮİ
ԬܲǸޱ֮ˣԽĥԽڲźۼȰ
ѵģأԹͼҲûôȻȷʵЩҲ˹ͼĻǱϾΪͼƽʱ뷨Ǻһ£ϲĻ
ҹͼίֻĬĬؿޣոǷǱģôôϧ
ֱϧլЩһ
ԬƺͻȻʲôһ£ЩĶҲһõˣƫƫǰ˼飬΢Цżһ䡣
ӣȷʵĹġ
Ԭһͼȥˡ
Ҳ˵ͷҽͼǲȥɴǡ
λϵ΢Цˣȡ֮һȻƣ´սʤӣ
ᱻԼѾˡ
ſбأԺȿͽȥͳȻ˳ʣ˻ͦġ
Ͼսⶫü٣˾ǰˣǾ˵˵öԣһʱæңϾȵ⼸ʧʣԼ¶֮϶ҪԹӳȥ
ȻլԼԺԡʲôûȽʱоϣ̿յȵģҲ̺ӣԱһըӵʳ
Ҳû
ģ
ȵ۾ĴţڽѰһźԼоԡ
Ȼǡ
ţ˵Ҿ֪һСܣҪɱҡ
ٰܣ˵˵׼
ɱùͼܣɹֲ
ʱҪһ£룬ҲǸĹġ
ȥС档
ˡ
ƽءܡһƱ̬Ϊתӣ
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ǰЩӣһֱæڼ¡
֮£жţòԩʵأ
ţ˵ԲԵһء
˵仰ʱˮеıײʿף


533 
˵仰ʱ,Щϡ
һֱ̬Ŀ
ܳ˼ݣݣ˽֪ǲܲλ֮ӷ,ԬܶΪȥеϧ,ȾֳĹ֮,ƺ,һĻڼһȺ򣴨ʿм䡣
ϾǸбµˣб£ܰ
ͼ,ѹͬıģ뽻ȨΪ˲ϧӱڶʱ,ӻݶǵ,ȴȥС档
ɲ,ͼȥӴ̬ĸ߰,ҲǴӸصıʿ,Ԭ̷Ȼʦ
¹ͼȥС,ǾǶ˵ĳŪ,볰Ц,رȥԬ̷,ȻǸ˼Ƶ,ҲһٶʮͼһƷԵҪɥ֮Ȯȥ
һ̣ǧ,ǧ,ǧɢ,򱻷룬ֻΪ·
ֶεˣȻǿ԰ġ
кܶ²⣬˵ΪҪıһߵְ񣬳ΪλҪ߸ãıһ֮ĵλƯȢŮΪԬҵŮ
֮ܶ廨ŶֶٻûҪ½
ȻǸʯͷһӲԴҲὫȺ½뵽һȥ
Ҳûκɣ˳ȵĻȥ
½Ϲ𣿡
⻰ûʲôӦ
ṥ˵Ҳͬġ
˹ˡ
ݾսʧʮ˸ԮĹ½ǽߺϳǽ
һε칦磬ʿ˽ڳ޾Եøˡ
ǵʹ
ʹ֪˳
ңʹа
˵˾̫ʼһ͡
ôȫʹʹȴҲûϣ͢ǲ̫нЩ
͢һ·ʹ⵽غģϡǸغ
ʹΪң˲֮͢һһǣ
װģزͬˡ
ڽΪԬ֮󣬸ôأ
˭ҲûסǼüŪۣ໥һЦ
ƺֺܴȣƵƵյ̣ӡʱѽ
ǲֿ޵ģƵƵ֣ЦǺǵرʾԼ޹£ЩȻὫǫѷΪҪıݡ
µ˸ˣ˳ʫ³裬˱˾ơлһλ˲Ŀ
Ҳˣʿ裬ڴԼսҿʼսıһʲôְλ
˶ûᵽ
ƺһִȱϾΪ˿񣬼ʹͨѱ䣬յҲȻϣһ棬δ
ȻҲõΪҲûҲû˿ˡ
ƺƾʧˣ֪ȥҲ˵ˮ߼
ͿᣬǶͭװΣΪҫۣλŻ̸²ʿȻơ
ضںӱߣմѩ֮Ţֻƥķ׳˺
ˮ﷭ˣһƺһҲࡣ
ʧûӰ쵽κ˵顣
ڻɢҺǿǺֺļ䲻ҪǮƨʹȴ̫ˣƯˡ
ֻź뿪ƬƻͨžĹȣ߽µӰ˽
һ̾ʤˣðġ
ԭиı㣬ǰˣǾ͡Ҳˡ
ҿⳡ̣¼ǷֲʤģСЩ
ôֲʤ룬Ԭǹأ⹥Եأ˭ĳǣԵ˭ĵأ
߻Ȼ
߽ĺʱλδϴǲϴţϰŵͼôڰԷ
ŲȻعԪֱ㿴֮Σ
ǰǺܶ˵סΪϲŭɫʮгǸ֣ʱٿȻ಻ơ
ʵɴӺ𣿡
ӽصЩҺǿ̧ۣ۾ĵģ侲ˡ
Ǵ֮ЩƵԽһʵԽ
ȻǵвԬǱ߽ͶţֻҪȫһһ죬ǲܹӭʦһһҪֳԼʮϵġ·
ֲԼµġ
ѫУЩʮͬţº̬ȿضҲԴ֪
ϸͺܿ£ͯҲ֪Ҫ֪ܵԽԽá˶֪ߣȴ˭Ҳûƽ֪ʶȤһȫѡڣϾ·
ƿЩʿǿôܲľô᲻ֺãƨ֮⣬ǻܼͲ
ԼŮˣ
Щģģ浾ģõŮСֻʮ꣬Ҳʮ߰ˣÿһʿ壬ÿһǱϤĽŻһ۵ò֪ƷУҲŶδλһõ
ǴԼõ·ͷϲƳɵλꢳţſ־ᣬ͵ƵģƮʬСҲò뼸ʮͬ˷һʮ꣬΢ҵķ׼
ĳе㲻΢Цһ¡
ϥ¿飬ֻһλŮɣδã˵ʿΪʵլıһգҲѰ֮
룬Ϊʲôأ
ˡ
ꢳƺӼ̵ı棬϶ȥꢳб׵һһǳظϳ֡
ǱЩصļںʿͿԲôۣҲꢳһһ϶ȥһԻƺϰķ羰ָָһ
ǴӸӺݹģԽߣԽ⣬оٲʱŵ
Ԭʤ֮ʱǱ㶼һأ
Ӧ󻶺ꢳϵĳ򶼻һЩʾͬ
û֪ӱݾܴճٱʳԽԽĳһ㣬ڻҰϣЩлºڵ͵͵̽Դ̾׳ľ
ǺӱΪԬܴճģƺϰΪճģǵŮ
ǲԸݣѾͲأ
ЩҺǿѿʼ׽⣬صĹԱܴӰռʳأ
ЩŮǲ˵ģǵŮŮǹŮװװӣһ˵ʿˡһϿҪݵ˧࿴ǣҲʵЩֻܽǶͳһˣȴһͻȥ
ݿΪһġ
֮ܣٰܣɽ֣Ҫ뾡ȡʤԬܣǲеġ
գգۣкû˵
Ȼ̽Եأ׳һµ롣
ô̳ݽ维Σ


534 
Ǹ,רЩԼƿҲȷʵܾõĽս˫
Ϊ˲ܿǫѷĶһ,Ͼȥ,޲
ľҫö֮ɰķ,ȻоͻȻһģԼЩһǿ
˹˷,ҹԴ,粻,ٱĳƪѧѧġ޼ɷɡǰ,Щʳ֮󣬻˼Խ˾Щˡ֮֮޴
ǣһλȨص,ոһĺƽƽ֮,ô֪Լ,ģǲأ
ںܾǰһ뵽Ԭܣ;ͷ۵Ĵ,ӱ˿ڳܣ׳ǹһͲ֪̲˶ٱ˿ڡǿǹ趵ĵ̣趿ʱ׷Ĵʦ磡
ʱƣԥָ˲ܲռݰ֮,뷨ˡ
Ԭȷʵǿ⿴ͼҲҲ˵Լ֮ˣҲԭսмǿվˣôͲԬ̨ͬһ£
˴ʱлһЩƽҡ
ϾλȲĿУսƣ֣ѫֲ֪һҲ㲻ʲô
ϡҲδģҲ벻ж
Լˣھˡ
˾ԶҾݴͣһ˼ίȰһ䣬ϳǣ֮ƣǰں󣬽ԬסΣ
ԬʦڣʳԶ·ģ·ϳһ룬˵ʣһ롣ڱսʳǴ󽵵͵ģս˵ǼҪơ
ͷӰԵϻ﷭˷ݹȥһš
ǹ͹ģҪƿսһ죬ҲҪûдʲôʮ𼱵鱨ֻ˵Ԭܵĺʮʯҵݺˣһһ±
ſԽüͷԽ
ǹԬܵıʮңѾǸ൱˵֣͹ҲȡǿԺһĶ棬ҳ©Էġ
ͱ翿пһ䣬ôװһæݾ˽ˣǸ൱Ưķ
ڹŹˣ˵Ԭܾӣе㷢ˡ
Ԫ˵ڹļǧҲ£οһˡ
⵹ǣ˵ֻΪ̡
Ԭܵܳŵʲôʱ򣬲֪ЩСϢ˵ҲʼԿʲˣҲսˣҲܼ̫á
ܲܽϣϡ
ҲֱӸԬܴߴݿȴԬܾһ·׷ȥݡ
ֻҪܸϽԬܸϻȥϰϢҲؾͺá
Ŀ겻Ѱɣ
һɴ񽫾רȨȱС
¶ϲǾУ
ıʿǿһ¡
֪ǣȨ֮֮ǿ˵ܲ维
е㲻Ȼؿһ
һ£˵񽫾£ӣ
˵Ԭܵ˵ȴδ֪˾Ρ
ԥһ֪ܲȥ򣿡
Ҳܲ
ÿ·Ϣµͼйһ߼ֳɽҩһ߸ʿдĺڳⲼһССӪأ£о׳ж־Ĳ£లŹԱȥ
һ˿ؽȺܹѵɲܹҪʿ
Ǻ׸ɵģĺҪͳݣѵپ͸ɴסССӪʿͬͬ˯ûмգ˾ΪյӾ͵ƷжʿܵһµϿɡ
̫Ű壬޷׽ȷʵϿɡ˴ŵӣǰӪϱ̸䣬λУξǸгϢģôͻ쵽ˣ
ƾɵĸףٿոϵİ׷һһ̳ĿƣǸһӲ־С٣Ȼһֲŭƣͺ˺ѽ
Щֹܼݱϱ⻰ò˼һ̾һ
Уξԭصġ
Ȼأ
Ȼ㲻϶˵ˣЩݱԼȥ롣
̿յúܺõܲһ˳˼
ɫѾɫϵĺɫձҲһףյ͸룬ѾĥúصĵذϣӶŵĲ԰ס
￾𣬸æµؼݣӵ͸ǽڴԺиæŷ첹к֦ܹͯȻһͷĲѩһլۡ߹һЩҪǲҪ¡
ıݣ⻹һ֧׳ľӡ
սʱĲܲȻɫײԼЩף˼ʵɫܺãһСȦ
ЩشϱҲˣָ㣬ÿҲֳ˺ɫ
Ψһвǣ˶á
½Ҫˡ
կһҹ֮£ԭӦضѸݣϦ֮䣬߳ʮʹΧвĿ⣬ֻҪϢ΢ٻЩҲ׷ˡ
½и֮ʣʮ𼱣оǿ첻ģҲ޷ܡ
ʿҪȥĸۡǮֻҪڽϣһСǵԾ֪ˡ
ΣʿæµشʰأϽԼĲ񣬹õͰ񶼴Щ׼ڰǵʼũߵļ۸Щ׼ߵʼ
Ҫȥ½һ䡰߲ߡأ
ֻҪǸ˾֪½϶ҪߣֻǱϻ°
ܲǺϣϵģǹַʹϡ
ֻҪ˹˼λյ϶־ĽʣıԶڼݣҸԼҲⳡ½Χл棬ģ
Ҳ뿼ǵܣ½ͻȻԬܺ·ݾΪֻ̣÷ֱԮҲΪдţ׼½һ֣ȥ
Ȼ鷳һ½˼ݣڽ·֮󣬻ӱ£ΧԬܡ
ʱȻг˻
½ǰǧǣ϶У
λСͳ˧һյ
ѸٵصԼ
λǣҾҲ£ԳµӣҲӣ
ʿʼæʱլĸ˲ŸոյϢǷԹߵġ
ЩлõģҲľģͳһصǶܹ˳ӣŲ˳ӵҲû취ڲܲٵĺլƢĶ˾ΪӲܰܲٺˣλı͵öࡣ
ȻͣλԸ̻һ¡
ɵĶһûüȥ
ܲһΪ½°Ҫôͣ
Ȼȥ½аλֽһŮ׼һ˹չʾһ£ҲлɿЩ
ķԴվ´Ǽװ׻ĻۣɫȥƺǺ˵ʲôֲ֪ô˵Ӳѻҭȥˡ
Ҳæɤ۶ðĹǿ϶Ѱлġ


535 
,ûѩѾӲ,ϣһĹ͵ƵĹγϸСѿڡ
оʲôƣдʲô,Ⱦʲôɫ,û취
˾ܲЩƬɽӰ,һڤлλεа飬ǲԶظ֧飬۾öɱ˽һעʱ,ɺϸľˡ
ǡ֡һ֧顣
֧ӲԶҼġ
½ߵͣҲߵ,Ȼ󽥽ͣסŲ
½߿ЩһҲջ,ǲߡ
һ½˦ˡ
˦ġ
ǻᾪŵؿ¼ҵ·,·˼۴޵ĺӣƴ׷С½Ķ顣
׷ʱЩ˵Ьѩɢ,ͳֻţҲֻۣؿЩǵСԣùǵĸɲˮˡ
Щ˸½ҲĳЩǱģҲȦ촽˵
½һͣ£ת飬׼նֻ֡
ȺɽڰӰС
ǵԷ·ϣһ߿ţһЦţӱѩŬطԼļҵͶŮٽǶ§ڻףˮҲ˻ʧ̬ԼֻƲЬڱ˳ŪĻںشϡ
̫ɽܿ죬ǵЩҵ֧һᶳͿӪΧС½һʿά򣬲ڸѲ߲鿴
µһ죬ǳԹѩˮİӷ֮ƣ˯ȥˣ˯ﻹֹͯסشһãҲǳԵ̫µģҲǿ޵̫µġ
ЩʿҲʮƣһڲů˯ȥˣªӪֻлѺѲʿĽŲ伫ˣҲڼ˵ҹĵġ
зι
ȺɽںҹУԶԶĵطעƬӪء
ֻּɺ
ǼЦȻоѣ㷲ƿϵĸɲݣ⿴һʱȻŵýһ
Ǹµˣ
ڳûĵطҹĽ紦ɵİӰҲŨĵطϸݵġ֡һǣ˹
½ѾΪֻջһգǵһա
ȫת򣬺ǰ׼˹ȥʱܵ÷ǳ죬ҲǻĿ죬׼Ŀ졣
ûжһףһѱУºĵ֧߹ѩһңҲֻҵ˼öͭǮ
ԷһӳʮأƺһҲøȥʲô֮
ǼöͭǮǼߵġ
̫Ҫˡ
ٿǵôҪǲϰ壬¾͸ӺɫĬҲ鷳ˡ
ܲٵıֻ࣬ǧˣȻܴճٵȻ˵㣬Ѿǳ˲
вܲٱԬһס¤ֻʣǧϱż찡
ܲôͼʿ幵ͨҪЩƥģ5ȹ޷󼰵ĽˡΣ»ָ˲ʵҼĵظ棬ͱһ鷳
ΪӰϳǶȥ·ԬܵĲصģҲζ;ֻԬرصĳ͵·һ·ǰǷգסټһĸںĲϰ塣
볤ԫһʮǰԬܿƵĳǳأٲǴòܲ٣ҪðűԫؾͲܲһΧ׼
ǸһٻƣΣ̫ʷһ롣
˾ܲ룬Ҳһ찣룬ƵƵ
оٶȾͻøѵ
˾ܲٵضһ£ƺûκα仯
¿ǲܡ͵صǸ
⵽ǿǲܣǾԬܺȴһӣȥ̵أ
ûסһѣͶһҪʶһ¡
˾ܲһ㶣λ˭δ
е֣˵ھİȷġ
ܲٶɣǲϵģ˵練֮ڴ˵أǱɴ¡
õ˴ҵһͬǿǡ
ԡ
½ıѽԫ
ԭΪ޺˵ǰλгݵĴ󳼼ʹֻū´󹦣Ϊ޺ԫķء
çۺ󣬳޺ԫҲһ۵Сطֱ£šϰǮǮԭפ佫޳ǳأǸ߲СҲ˵رصʡ
ؾֻ࣬Ϊһת㣬ֻʳʿפ˳ʱŻһ¡½ֲ֪
ĳҴææܹԶ˿һٴսöԷؾżϵļʸȥ
һ½ͺܻܿжϣ˵Ҫŵ֧
ҳս
ս˵½㣬̫ʷͽ·ǰС
һָڵͼһƬģ˸Ȧ
˴ɽΪɽһīϵ˵㣬дˮƺӡ
һ۾ͶǸʺϴĵط뷨顢Լɡ
½ʶƳԫؽֽΣ
ӣʶơ
ΪʲôʶƣͲ϶ˣֻ˵ȥ뷨
ǸҪ׷ʤ࣬½ս
ֻҪ½Ϊе̬ݾڵʿȻῶңԬҲ᲻òòλԼһ֮
һǮݵؾͶ׽ˣֻҪͦ˳Σյʱ̣ܹ֤ԭЩ˵ҾѰˡ
ǿҪˡ
㣬Ϊǿڳԫƣ½ķһԫؾҲΧ˵ļ½־߾͹ˡ
Ȼ½ΪҲ׼ǴսһάԼܵ˭ͬأ
ıʱһܵԶԶģҪ򣬾ȥԬĳԫɣҲǵĳǳأ
ɡܲٺȻ˵½ˣߴͬ
ıʿ佫һ״
ȫȻûлʤĻᣬֻʵԵҪϧԼÿγ޷ǰȹ졤ʱѡ
ǵ취һ˵
ĺüʵôԣ
ӣʧɢҾУΪ½ãĵҰأ˵ǲһʹЯȥ½УΣ
˵ʲôʵ飬ܲٿƽˣһ΢Ц
˼ȲϸҲݵ֣ס˺ᱭֻҲȾһ˿ɺĹΡ


536 
ವ,ȻûѩϵȴԽԽࡣ
̫ӪӰҲź˲̧ͷһ,ǽĺ,̾һ
Ǽؾ,Ϊ˿Ϸط,ڵҲϣ˸ߴһС֮̿⣬ԳƵܲ͸,˸Ӽ,谵
ҪƵģ˺ϧ,ΧһҲֻһյƣ·̿裬ĬĬط첹
اʱġ
ܹڵŮͨվں,ֱOO@@ȹҷ֮Զȥǽ˺ʣŮֳΪӺ,ŵͷ,Сеĸߡ
˱,اڵ,˶֮ſڣʹ½аˣҲ˰ĸΪ½׼
ı˷еĻ,˵ͷ
ˣұˡ
ͣӦҲܼ̣اӦй˳ĸĸǾס
λϻ۵겢δˣǼŻػ̬ǫصȴĸ˵ʲô
˲ˣɽһüһ£ҶлҪ˵
اϹȻ¶˲
ĸ
ţ
Ȱ˵ĸĸӦ˶ӵ󣬡ا˵½λΪһͯأӲĸ˾֮⡣
͵΢ЦʧˣûзŭҲûи⣬ֻ˵ͷ
Ǹ˼ң˼ǲܣ̫ҲѰ£Ȼֻ˵㸸Ҳ½ҵġ
⻰е㲻Ϊӣاûа취ٷֻˡ
ԵŮƿʣһ˲˽اȥӰӵϸֳһⶤȻ˱һ¡
һ˲һȦˡ
˼ӣҲǲֽܲеλߵģǿһңЩӵجʼոһŮ˵
λƷֱ䲻׺񣬵ҲӲΪŮˣûԼĶӣһλú磬ĺӾͱ缺ϸĸ
Ǻÿ㣬ƷпвŻԣһһĺöɣеĵܵܶλֳеĳòܼҵĻҵ͸̳С
Ȼһսʲôˡ
Զǵһ죬ǵöż
Ϊ㣬Լ˳㾹Ȼе㾹Ȼ
ǵ÷Ǽ筺찵ձסקҪĸקһ
ˣֺܵͣȥȣ
ң岻ǲʹ
ž
ſڵϣһֻ˵ĸް㷢ͳ־Ŀ
ķӸµؿ
ϵܿƣһмЪ˹Ӿɷ򣬴Ҵҵ뿪ˡ
ڱºϢı˲֪Լûб
ĪãˣҲһ仰һ»ı䡣
ǿվûбһǲǽʯһӲֱ䡣
˾ֱҴӱûеƻĺתΧķ첹Ҳ˷ĳۡ
ĶжһյĿ
ԼĿ
вϰʹˣɷһ˵ȡ
ĻǸˣЦе½һʹͨ׾࣬˵ʲôΨλò㣬ЦҲϲʿӲӶתӦ
ȻǹТһ㻹û
һ춼ûУЦˣ뽫ʱʱǹҽ֮շδлҲִپ
ˣ˵лİɣ
εͷ½ϲ׼µغ˸ϳȥȴӻ֣ϻӵ̴ǰһ
½ˣΪлġ
ͷ˵һҲ
ϻѾǰʹߴһ죬㴫ѩصʱڣܲһϻʻ
ֻϻӣȡʱϸ۽׵Сʢǰ
˻ĩN˵Ǹ̴ʱЯһ·󺺣վЦ۷ƣǹ֮ĸϧ֮ҼΪת
ֲЦˡ
·൱Ư
ԥԥģ첱¿һȦ
Ź֡
ɺ̫ʷȶ۾תˣû˾ܲȴһһΣһֿɺ̫ʷȣֻãֻܽӵСתתȥһСĿ꣬ҪôֻۣҪô޲ֱӷɳۿ
ллˣָĿڣԣллλˣҪһֲ𣿡
дʹ߳Է˳Ѳֲޡ
Ӻֳһ㣬ʲôھкûʲô³ʳż֮⣬ҲżֻһֻȻ
⺢ҲܳԿܸ࣬ɶԵ÷ɿ죬ϻܿˢСС͵͵ٵġ
μģܿ⺢̲סֿʼޣΪ˼ӲͷƤ䣬ƽʱԵúܱģû
ε۾Цģʵ£֪
еΡ
㿴úõģ˵Ըȥˡ
λʹƺһ˵Ц
˵һСʲô
ֲڹԱߣֿΡ
ƷУܹŵùģЦСڽߣܷġ
̫ʷȺɻ͵͵˸ɫ϶¶Ի顣
˾ܲüë´Ρ
ֲ͵͵קεӡ
Իؿλʹߣ׶ӣ˵ҪͲҪˣ
ЦеأΪ²ܹȻǧҲҪӾȻһѣܹݲ㣬ݽȥҲͽյأ罫ﰲȫ
գգۣգգۣоӺת˺ܶ࣬ҪŬҳⷬ⡣
ƺҲûʲô⣬ȷʵǱȻزܲȫġ
Ծиڣ
뵽˾ܲͿˡ
Т˵Ц˾綾ң֮ҹǣҾҹðȫ
˫鶯۾ҲգһգƺʲôϡĻ
ٴ͵в֪Ү
ȻȻ͵ܸ˾ܲее㲻ģӦˡ
δ⣬ߴͽ̡
ܹʧݣɵ΢ЦŽ̬ʿǮԲܹŭԵޣЦ
䱻ĥ˺ܾõĻɵ˵˴½㵽佫ٵ˾ܲȫˡ
λڼеָһֲָڽߣѧ躣ϰԣһΪ
˻üĥѾˮؼһשķݵýʵʵġ
ܹĽӽڽѵȴŲܹ𣿡
ڹγźڳƺʹ̹ǵĺʱܲҲû
վԯŴصλıʿǼûȫû뽥ķѩʱӭµĿˡ
λҲģе֣̿ԶԶؾ˳һ·ܹͷҪȥ
ֹܲס֣Ц
һղ⣡ЦΪ㻹ǵҡ
Ǹ͵͵ܲһۡ
ܲ뿪ʱǧϱĶ鲻ˡ
һ֧·ʯɵľһɱڵӪկ
ǿе̽ױ־͹ڸסˡ
ӣ
ܲٺЦ΢΢ͷִ֣临飬δƽ
Ļܿʧԯǻ谵ķѩУֽгӰӣӪض


537 
ѩƮˡ
ϳԭϡ,ʱ죬˭Ҳ̫ɽǰѩͣ
Ȳʲô˳ϵֽ̼ʰԼĻ,űⵣ,üػؼȥϱˡ
ҲмС˼ź,Ҵææֳˡ
иҲ˼Ů,Ϊ̹Щªķʳ֮󣬾͸ɷˡ
Ű峵װ¯߹,δˮ潥뵰Ǿڷѩһ·߹·ǰ
бе鳤Ц˹
ǵԾ
С˵вǲ,˹˸ϣǸ̷ܹɵ˵,һġ
Ǳ¶࣬ˣƾҲָʹöҼ
̷̵ͷ,ִһݹȥ
ķѩҹǺܿģƽǽֵҹϱڻ¸ٺ͵͵,Ѱʲôطȥѩ,ЩǮ޹±
ղͬ,˼ݱ֮,ʿ廹ٲϳǽ,ȻصһӾˣ˭ȥҲһسǡ
Ȼ,Կ͵ľͷϱȲģ˲ֵ̼֪ϢС˼ûּưˮƹյŨרЩ˽
ǸСٺȵúıҲզզ߹ˡ
̼æǮæŸҨܺһ䣺
ȷۣ֮˭Ͷλأ
СһۣȻһλĹˣ
̫ɽˡ
Ȼö߶µģҪϻȥӪйҹ
˴ǳ֮νսһϿңܹԶɣλҲţǰԬܵʮһӵȴ䣡ܹⳣƽνٹ飬һ¼ɡ
µض¼ɸʲô
ν΢ر𿪣ȥֱ˫ƺΪոȾƣ΢΢죬͹켫ˡ
սƷи߽ܴ࣬Ż켽ݴʷ²֪ΪЧƫƫʩڼΣۼ飬ΡٵһۣƺϽĿƿˡ
Ȼ񺮡
̫ʷȣһĲ
˳ͱȽϺֱӾͽƿˡ
οѩХ⣬̽Կ
½Ͻӻ֡
ոּµɬӹʧˣ˶һҾŤͷߡ
Ȼλʹ߳ʲôĴҪˣܷػȥһ·ųԯţѾǱǼ۵Ĺˡ
ƺ⣬Ӱ½ϻӰ׼ʱƿˡ
ֻˣմһֻʱ
һ˲Լǣνһˡ
λԲΪ˳Цģδ֣ء
Ȼ˵һԣδ֪ɷ񣿡
źؽ첲
롣
ܹһƬֿȷδӽΪС˵
˵Ҳö۾
֮ͷֹһ
ױ½£ſڵĽŲȥ
ʹߺ־飬СС˵˹һǲر߳ԱģԶٲҪҪ˾ܲͲô磬ֻƵƵַڹȡů
ǾøոչκܹŹ֣ҨһˣҲЩﲻһֱ˵𣿡
˵õҲû̫ʷ˵ֻܲǧܻǣ
ʤһضҲҪ۽αˣͣͣС壬дף
˳СŴ׽ʱҲҪһס
Ʈڵζ
˵Ļװûŵܲʵҽã
δؽãֻ̬֮ǣΪаˡ
Сģ˾ܲ䲻ڣܲԬֽԼΣ
ˣαؽڽӪУֺαǰ㹧ǫ뽫
ؽζŨȫɨɾ󣬴˸á
һ¡
ֲܲӪУΪ˰
Էһ£ǲܲ٣оλͳ˧ʮǰæ¼ͷƺԹͺȥˣŹԬʱ͵ϮɹĴдŹĶܱжǣͳ˧е½񱣬졤ݻɱһˮΪ֮
ǰ£ȥ̬ȳϿҵԷ˧Լӣᷢʲô£
϶ʨӴ󿪿ڰ²ҪǮҪôҪԹ˼Ҵһٳ²أֻдǸٸ£Ȼ󸴿̸һٶʮߵģҲ¶ԺʿҪǮҪ˭ѽ
벻ʲôȱ¼ƲߣҲ̶ֳֻȵ룬ҲЩ·ģҪǻ˾ܲأ
²ǾҪĲ߻һж׼ն²ϵ¹ͷˣҪնˣҲ֪λôأҲնӣ
˳ſ꣬һ飬Ҳ벻ʲô©
˵˳ַһ¡
ڱˣϵм뽫սҲֻϳǻһԣռֻݾӵڳϣ䱸ɭϣб˵ԬֽˣܲҲϽԼ⼸ǧԬܳ󡣡
ѷ˵ĺеʾͬ
ΣֻܲΪӽоȴˡ
Ҳ׷ŲܲٴԵʡ
ܲʮʮľ룬ֻҪһͷȿܣ׷˷ʱ䣬˻ǲܲٵʵĿġ
ۣڼԡ
ˣһĨ콫ˡ
ѩͣʱУһǧɽǣ뼽ݾΧףӣ
ȷʵʺϳЩܲӪеĻʳ½߻Ҫá
ǳԹŶ
ɵ۽һ̲гɱƬ⵹ͭʵСУһһĹˣ˴Ρ
ǵһ½ӪеģҲڵƣϯͺСЦһǴδ½ӪгֹģǵӸ߰ܲٵĿҲһ˿ӡ
֮⣬ڲܲǸ͸Щڲܲپյʾҹ˱ʱƱҲû
ܹ԰֮ս񣬲ܹδһһ䣬бȴ׳
״ĺǿĺܶɫ
ܲȴһҲûУ鿴ˡ
ϵĹӣЦֱвɷ֮ڣӣ˸ҲҮ
ĹάδλʹƮƮȻĿⷴˡ
θڲܹǰ˵ǶֻΪܹһ仰ˣ
ܲתͷ״⼸ʮʿˡ
ȸҲ½˱ܿĿ⣬ʼղ½ɫ¶˷ܵɫ
ռڴˣֱܹԣ̲סܹʱ½һѪս
ܲٻһȦȻɫ
½ǧ֮
¼ƶԲͬϯղܹԸаƥϣ
ҲԸԼ߳걨
ҼмףԸȡһײܹ
ֺģƺܲټڻϿˡ
λȴһ㶼Ϊѡ
վӸµıǣһҲмָʹߣնʯ
о⣬Ҳģѩͣ½ǣ


538 
ѩͣˡ
ֵһŨ,ëһѩָĨһ£Ҳڽ۵İѩϸϸĺۼ
ѩ˾Ͳ̫,Ͼгȿ·,ĳҲ·ߵݲݿһġ
ֻ峿ѩС콥ʹ˱Ҵҳ,ʿҲ,ϱ˸ɫ߼˳ԵɣԵðӺ͹ͷĥɷۺ󿾳ıΪ˷ů,ǻЩơ
ֻ֮ɽһǧҲı㡣
ϳǸûʲôɽվ֮ʹӱ
⽥ʱ,ݾѾկ̣ͬЩú,ھӺ,һ߸·һӪǶ
½Ҳ˵Уֻڶ,ڶǰ
һЩСĲ˳ĵ£ͷʱֻӳһ·ӿͷ,˯һͷƤûüۣͷȴǼ
ӳѾʣֽһԡ
ò,ͷϵǼľݱңһСʳʱ֪ôľ
ĵҧһڣǰѿƵʹ
ȻЩС¡
ֱӪһ˶Թʳ׼ʱȥԯǰɡ
һװһｫϲС·磬Ҳȡҧһϸţɻ߹
ʲôˣ
Է˵֮ǰͷʱͷϵľݵˡ
ɻȻӢͦϾһЦҪŵ
ƲƲ죬ϸ˭ûʧǰʱ򡣡
һ˲ܾЦȥЩǣͲʹˡ
ҲУǸ˵ذڰ֣˲ܱ͸ϽţǧȥֵǮĶ
תȺʧҡҷĻ
ϸһתʱ˾ܲϢվʹԭ֪һ顣
ٴõ磡˵ôҲ㶯
˾ܲ΢ЦŹ˹֣δ֪ʧǰ㡯ǺεʣԺλ佫ʱɳ
еɻ󣬡ΪΣ
֪ߡҮ
һ½㶼е㲻þ
رţŵ˲Ҫݶĸ̩ɽ˷ɣҲ԰ݣ·ߵϻҲ԰ݣ˵һһһùҲ԰ݣʱ¯Ҵ͵ʲôʱѸٰһͿݡ
½ûָģֻǺ֪мɻ࣬ҲҪЩµ档˵һʱһʱţԷ쵽Ϊλɿ˳ۣΪĳֿ̫ʼأⶼ˵׼¡
һ·ֲܲûи˰ʱ˫ʮأɫҲȥӪկ
ɵʿûйţҲߵôǲѩ̫ۼ˭֪ܲڵѾˣͷˣǺɵذأ
ӪһƬƽ˾ֻһС
ʿںӱȡˮʱºˣʪ͸ˣһ̿ȡůԥûøľ̿ǽСȥһ˾̿·ǲ˾ܹ;ٳܣѲӪʱ֣չȥҲЩСһһٳʱ˾һ˼β񼸴̿˾ػʱģ٣
ҪС
ɵʱӪġ
żףͷ˺üʸսƨҲ˼ͷһһѪܵġ
һҳϵĻҲ֧ŲסصصӪǰѩͷһ۶ֻǰ£
ǸӪ˶Ϥģܰɶ߽Ļһ޵Ŀȥÿһ½ɾ֮ҪĨԼҽĲϱѩò̵ֻĿ˻ƵɤӵԸϢ
Žзܾƴ󣡿뽫Ԯ
һ˲ǽѩˮ
̫ʷѾҴҸ˹ʹȥ
أӪбǣԼ˵Ҫȥ
õԼ˵ǻǿŭ
ɽȷʵʲôվɽʺϳΪ¡ߵʹɣƫƫ̿˷Բʮôϳ˵ʱз紵쪣мľɫΧʿ˴ŮǺϪ档
ʱЩɫҶĵشڱѩ£ЩߵĶһȴ괺ʱҶữΪϣƬ֣Щ̰سԵ̲ľѿ
Ǵ˿̶ֱطˡ
㣬ޣŲѩ·˳һƬɽȴӶѣȴûҰڵȥѰ֮͵鷳
Щճʵƺƴ󣬽Ƭɽ˷Χ˸ˮйͨǲЩǴһͷʲôͷټĳθ
Ұ޸ãЩԵĿꡣ
ͬҲһ࣬ǸһװˣҲ˺üˣڼеض˵ʲôڴӿڴץʲôиڳѲߡ
ѾΣζ˻׷ʱ£࣬⡣
ܲٵײ˵ݾȫͼıڲʱȫԸرˡ
Ҳܲһս룬ȫϲܲٵ棡
УΪһļǰżʸضܣҪΧһͰ棬ɱҲɱƱ۽ڡ
ʲô˶ԬǧһҲˣⶼһƥһƥģ
ҲһܲٴǵֻǧϱǧҲҧܳģ㲻ϧͬھ
ȥҲ벻еҪȵҹȥǲᡣ
ˣЩΧ˷ˣǱ
ǾڸţƺҲݡ
ʿֶһڱǾƣһڼӲɣ̲ס˽
֪Ϣû͵أ
彫ʲôʱ
˵İɣ
ʲôС½ػɱԮ
˵㿴ô࣬Զбթǣǡ
ɺȻһ飡
ܲԬعںãΪմأ
Ǹһ֧أ
ֽƮѩؼӰӰ´£˻⣬⣬޾Ļ֮⣬Զĵط
һѩҹһİĵطʹͻΧȥҲ֪ϱߵȴһľϡ
ųֿܣ벻ϧۻܲٵİΧȦ
͵վʱΪʧѪ뼢ѣһ¡
˷סѸȶסΣǣԼս
̴˹Ŀ⾼
ǣη񣿡
˸شǲ
Ѿˣ
ˬʵشЦЦɽ괫ѻ
ǾͺãɱУ
ǹһǣ
ĴһȦָָһƻɺķ򣬡
һͻҹϮδΧߵţ׼
ܶڣҲƣùͳìػҪúصǽЩѹȥ
һﲻͬˣǲô¡
Щܴδֱսߵǰȥ࣬ǱȰͣĺηǰսһУս
ܵĳȷʵȰЩҪȥвܹ
ܹľϣһܽס
˻ŵش󺰣ģýۣýʲôãȥӪأҪЩ˯һʿ
Ӫؿտյġ
ܹأ
ܹʿأ
ڵҹȥģ
һȥɵˣģ
ѰһѰܹѰѾסҪɢȫ
ѹֱ治ȫֵĵʲôˣңҹڷߣ˭ֱܷ
ֻе⽫ʱʿܹ˵ɱ˲ٸʿĲ
мǰӪ͹򣬡ʿֵ˵Ǽģ˵ⶼᣬ󽫾Źأ
㿴㿴
Щͷڣͷɢ̱ѩˣǲǺ죡
ɶЩ˵С˵˺ģֻһ£ܲأ
ʳʱԶ˿µּ٣ſ籩ѩȳ˹
ܹˣ£һǲܹԬԮԬԮ
һ˲񾭱ƬַױһµãһǸӭȥ
ѪҺǰԶķٿʲôؼƺããһƬֻдѩ
ŲŻµĴѩ
ʹǼ˵ĴҲҪԬϲϼӡ
֧
Ȼڿĺ󣬺ȻסһѪս
սܲˣǰվ𣬻ñ
ǰʱɷ½ɫ¼ˡ
Ǹˣ֪ôϸݣֻǾ¼ˡ
˵ĻҲ¼ˡ
֪ܲٵȥ򣿡ʡ

ɳȥϸϸز飬½ɭȻģϢģ𣡡
˷
鵽Ϣζʲô
ζŲܲٵͷ­ýߵļ۸
ʮ򣡰ӹȥˣ꣡
ϳǸ˫ʼˡѰҲܲ١ж
˵һӦǲܲٶòԶڸ
Դ½ϣһֱģӦҲ⣬޹ĸϡսôѰսȷǸѹַĻƣﶼ֡
˲½ıңݺͼݵʿҲڻ
ܹںδѽ
ǶǴܹĹˣزģʵǶȥ
ɳʹҲںɵصȣû˿ӱ޵ط
ϳ·ϣܲٵıڳĬǰС
ѩѾλ˧ĺ룬Ŀȱѩӱ䡣
Ѿ֮߳ңٶȣվܸϵĿĵˡ
ΪʲôҲãıʿҲãΪǸԵ±Թأ
̫߿ˡ
뵽ȻЦˡ
ѩǡ


539 
ϱߵķѩ,ߵķѩֻӿҡ
ǵʿ˵ȫûʲôϵϱЩڴ̵һٿѣƤëϡ
Ӷవ,Ǻ˵ѩ,Ϊʲôô˻úһأ
˽Ӿ𣬴Ӵ,λεսڣͬ׷ѩѩѹɰصһͽ
ǻ˽ѩõĶҲͽ,Ⱦƺһֻ۵ᣬʳι÷ʷ׳׳ССȻһֻеˣֻȡϵͺ,÷ͣǷ,ҧһ֭硣
֮⻹ҪһЩֳ߲ˣ׺ẉ̂ټһʵĽ
ŴŮŲӯشӱº߳һ,¶ϸְ׵󣬱һѩҲѷɫ
Զڴϸ,ԽĴ˾
ܱܲůЩǲؿǵģڵСװ̿,յü͸´͸ӣǴһůʡ
ǾһߴӼ֣һ
һ֣һĲͬ˴൯ĲͬȻһǼˣΪ˿ʼԹ˵Щ˶ˡ
ˣǿǹϲˣ˭ȥ
ȥǱȥˣ
Ƶġİɣһδ˾³ç
³çǰ裡֮й֮޲
ŭúܸߣĸ͡
Ҳڵģʵ˵ֶֻҲ̫Щ
֮Ƴ֮ڲϵģǿϵʲô³
˭׺񣬾ڹҲȲ
һһرԹںѩںѩöָˣ⽥۵ĸ򽥽ˮҲ⡣
ŮֹеɫĽÿ콹̧ȥ
ֵʲôٿһֻµıǡ
ֻںֹıսսֹѹեʿǮ˶Ѿмʮˣʲôѵģ
ǵȻģϾ˭ҲμݴʷΡ
ɾεƤľҶٻð˸ָıԹ
ԹҪ
ǵ˽լźĶĵū澣ǿرԹֱ˾ƣֱë̺СҲɣԼó檻ȥϢҲɡ
Ǹѩ죬ƽǶô񣬽ղңһ
ɫĴƻһյյŲƵĻ֦ͭƣ˸һƬƻͨĸ
Ȥŵʿôͷϣһ˫۾͸ůڵĻµƬҹա
Ů߹Ϊӣ׼ʱȻһ׽ס
ǸŮɫȻˣ
ʿ˵۾ֱˣǿֱۣǿֱۡ
㿴ָָգǲˣ
һòҲδ֪
һµϵȫʧˡ
ʲôʣʲô
Ҿˣ
Ҿˣ
Ҿˣ
ǶѾһƬ𺣣
ȥڿ޺
ɣɣĳǽϷҹȼգ
ĵо

½
ҵɽڻΪ趸ʱͣ
ϵƴܣ˱źڷݵӰɪɪĲҽ˺˻ңȥٲһ˿ۼ
Щǰ˷ĵ˼ҶŹصϵģд⣬ȡ˵ɾǴףźһӴİӣԺǽϣȥ̽ͷС⿴
ɿʲôˣ
ֻöбǱȥ
˲

һЩȥ
ɾˣˣǲɽ
˭
۸Ҫʱܲǰ
ңɾ첿Ԯţ߷㣾ն
쿪ųԮ

Զǰūͻ飬æһȺ˭Ҳ
ٳٳ
ǵһ˫˫۾ɾɾǿԼҸ档
Щƣ뻨׵¶˲ɫƬ̺Ķ
ԭǲϵ£
ôĵӰм䣬ǣ
¾飬ԭԹ
½ȷҪƴǲϵ£ҼҲͬϯԹȹơ
ϵĲתΪԥʱԶĺɱʢˡ
гǰͣ¡

еͷһףͷôŽģ
ƣҲ֪ҮõΣ
һãͷС˲һ
ܲٵռݺ¾ʿ壬вģ
ǣǣ
ƾʲô˵ǳȥǾͳȥ
гٳٲԸ׵ɾĴյ游ߣֹ
ԸҪһͷ
ĺƺˣ˳Ų
Ƭ̺ѾЩ˻Ƶź˹
ηˣʧкĿǰ
̱һһףҧÿ졣
רȨҲϣ
ƾʲôϣ
ҵȫȥȴţ
ʧǵһӵģ
Ǿ۷׷ףΪԼźΪҵһİá
ѵͲ𣿣
ƴۣ
ⳡͻϮȻһֲҲܲٵϣ
ǧǧȫͶ뵽ⳡսˣ
λٳٲĵ˵⼸Ҫһս
Щұһֱ׷ϱڶм䣬ǰüݱмҺĺԨȼ½
ǳŷѩݱƭؾرճţҽǣռסſڣͻǵʿʼŻңȻǣֱȡԬܸۡسǵԬпס汾ؼռҵˡ
佫ͣһ˱նɱż׵佫ͬŹڶδ⣡ͻؾȺ׵ĻҵģʧͷʿЩʲô
֮֮¶˲ܲԤϡ
סŵĲĸ佫һɰͰ͵ͷ׶ûֻһӣںԼ彣žͳˣ
ںĹңңһĻתͷһۡ
۾𿪣ƺֱӡ
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ˤڵϣǱض价׵ΡʱֻһһߵĴߴ
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ɱ䣡
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ɱɱѩҹµĳȻˣżݾ˹ȥ
ɱսһݷĺЩһһ۾
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ȻҲþսǹӱ󷽵ĸֹҲɱУ
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ɺܼ򵥣صĲǱ˵ĳǣĳǣļҡ
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սͻȻֹˣ˻ߵؽ£ŵöе
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󹫣

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ǰǰðѪĭȻָȴŶŵķ򣡡ǰ
ǰǸϳȥ
ǡġǡϳȥ
ɱƺȻˣƺԶˡ
ʵؿޣ޵ļˡ
Ʋϵ£ˣ۾ԼԱ߿޵ۡ

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ͣ£ִսߣϸ
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ٽ֮һЩʮּᶨ
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˳ߵʬԣȻ֣صһ
һޱȵ
ڳϣƳǶУĿ˵ҵҪһ֮أʿ񣡡


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ıֻҪϵûʲô֮ġ
ԲҪԼɱɣ
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СŮ,Ǹģ˿ſϵۣʮ,ѽһůů壿
תͷ£Цеظͬ˵Ƥſһ룬Ȼͣˡ
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ܲٷǧǧǽһǧؾʣ಻ǧ˶š
󣬲ܲһ˳СĿǳȷҪѸٽһԬסԬܵļҾ죬Ԭк;ڡֻҪУԬܻ֮ǰ̱״̬
ֹǣֹκֹݣӱΪݶ̱
Ԭܸӱҿļ룬ϵºѿԬܻ֮ǰʩʿ岻Ѹ£һ֧ӡ
ѡͶˡ
Ժͱ̸УĵʾԼź͡ǲʹȥɲ̸УҳңһëûУ
ʱ¹ԭУϵµһϯ֮أ
Ȼһеǰǣǡϧۣ
Ȼˣǰûʲô赲ģ
һӼݱڵʱһҲԡѪеĺԨתͷЦЦܲٺԼǳصֵҲչ¶һ΢ЦǸЦȴϡ
·ľͷ޻ͷܶһڱѩлǰС
ϣ˿ԾӸԶ˧ѵһֱǰ濪Ĳʲôˣʬʱȫˡ
ŭ֪ʬľڣ㵽ڲųҡ
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콫ҪˣƲһ˿⣬ѩûͣ
ǲѩһҹĴʬɽȼմ󣬷׷µĻҡ
ǻҽǽڵʬ壬ѩࡣ
ŴԭǺܷĵطŴ;ƷкƣҲΧЩòŮͬΧʻֻҪָһָԼ׹ӣֻ㬶ɢˡ
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ܲһ˲ûпŭ뾪ţֻǳźһ۵·ķʬ壬ĺΪǣתͷҴҶȥ


541 
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Щڼе,ֻǵڳʿ,ʱνꡣ
ʤѷֺʱͱ÷ɿˡ
ܷȻҪ޵ֻȣҪѾɢܣʤҲ˽ʣ׷,ΪԼЩ
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гģǵĿֱǰָӿǵʿһۣܵūҲڷһ
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վڽ䱸ɭϵԬſʱʿǾؿɫף°ȫŢסʿɫɥΪξܼһ·ͽ
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ΪѰɫġԬ˵ȴΪò׸ӻһı
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Ŀǰ״̬һϣԼƺû
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ǰǷߵһԱдģ̵ر˲ܲٹǣսϢϸԬҹ֯𷴻γ󣬼ʸ⬣Ѫ棬澪ĶǣӣҿӣŤת˾ƣסǣ׷ն࣡ᣬĴ󹦣ȴھ⣬˻֮ȣ
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͵վҪıʿǰУҪϢҪ֪Ƕôĳɫ
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542 
ֲ·,СԴ۰Ͱ͵ܣŽһƱ,ֻΪѸײڶ֮Ʒѩо嵽ȥɱˡ
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Ӧί,Ѿ˲ϿˣֿһֻͺëƵɡ
ŽСʵҸҸΪΡ
ɿ
ǲòģ½ѡȱ¹,ϰñ˶ɵ桱ȥ,һº͵˵ǣ
㸸Ǹˣ֪ܹ,Ӵ˱սԭĸ
ӪһƬĴׯĵطܻЩϱڲԫԴ,ͨҲкˮǵµˮ治ֻܺΪûеݸס,ֻҪȥһûвɾĶ,ȻͿ㣬ˮˡ
߳ʱһȺʿΧھߴˮ
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ȻǸˮʹˮͰɳȥˡ
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Сһظ,ϽתƨɶԶÿҪԭɫĿϻһӡѸٵŰͰˮܻ˾ߣҪӰͰˮϡ
˴СеҲʾƨϵĽӡ֤ոջԶ׼ʿǾֺһȻڴףʱָֻƽ͡
ԶûôעЩʿճ
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ٿǵԬȻ±ȥ֪;˭Ļغ˼̸ˣоٶȻǵÿЩٿЩ
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佫ʼ㼺һԼսֵжϣ˾ܲûսֻ֣´һȻôڵġ
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µǴоʵӰ߳ǲ飬һſʼһ߿һ߽
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ҹ´齣Žڵ̺ȥȦ
ʹǲӰĶӣԬеսԬ̷һŴĿʵöĶ
λƫĵĸػת˼Ȧ󣬻Եһ䣺
ң


543 
Ԭ̷ĴڽĶʱ,һߵ갰Ե̩ɽϾƽԭС·ϣȻᾭ̩
Ϊ˵Ԭ̷ļݾ,ԥصشǧؾӾǸϵ̩,ڿƣ׼ҵʱԬ̷ͻȻı뷨ʱһӭͷʹ
Ԭ̷ûô
ݺִԬҴһαֵ÷ǳء
ıŻƺӱ,ʱԥ갰ԵľӸ,ʿˮʱ֧
Ԭ̷ûʲôӦ,ֻҪʿڵȡˮ,Ҫȥƺӱߡ
̩ɽʼںӰ߽,ݾ򲻹ݾԬ̷򲻹½,αùһβӻȥ,`ܻ,ѽѽѽǲǵϴñͷʱ,׿㶼ܵ
ȥ֣ģ
мݾߣȥоӪǰս²Ҳһսժñӣ彣۾Ѫ購֮ĻһҪԬ̷ǳս
ССһ̩ɽ,һĶƽ۶ɵãھȻҫˣ
Ӧ
ʹ裬Ԭ̷Ǳֵú䵭,˼׼ΥԼʿ׼ȥӶ԰ƫ
갰޼ƿʩˣԥ뵽
óһţһ׫ٳҹüӪС
ȻЩŵԭҪµġ
갰ԳʱԻ󣬲ָԬ̷Щʲôأ
ãԥЦϾǸʿš
һλʿ
ԥûкܿش⣬ЩţҲЩ갰Ծˡ
ʹţҲԬ̷ս
ǸŻƺӼ޷һ뷨ô衣
λĿһУ׺ŵĴƺЩ仯
Իƺϰ˵˵κα仯Σյġ
Ԭ̷Ѿ뿪̩ΧɺӲϷСȥʱԥòפĽϡ
ְΪ½סӪԶܴ벻ĵطܳһ֧ܹԬ̷֮󣬾ͱ졤ҪԵˡ
Ϊشŵų½ף࣬Һƣ
갰ԭǲģΪӦʹС½ĺ٣Լıȥݴ˺ܾãڴģҲսƷһϼҹꡣ
˵ųǷţԥŲ֪ô˵
Կһۣ
΢ųܺ˵սΣ㱧ҲҪ
λϵĹˣ񽫾ʲôţǲǣ
̫Ҳûôװ
Ծ¼ȨɴҪųܲ갰ӣҪҪЩ·ѡ
½׺Ȼˣ
ǲó͢ǡ
˺Ȼһ㶣ϲ
͢
Ȼð
ʲôСگͽСگ
С½ſ̲ǰȥ͢گԣʲô̩ɽܣӴ갰Ծǹ·ĹѫԺҶүүʲôͷܲ˵һ·ͶѣװӮңߵö渲ɣ
͢Ǻʹ죬̾ͷگˣ͢Ǹһһһʯݵģ̩ɽҲղһǧˣԬ̷͸̫ס
ǻüձ
گƨƨܹ갰Բ⣬Žأ
ų̧ۿ
˵½أ
ʯʳܸ߿˵֧
ʳûܶ갰Ե졣
졤ݱأ갰ʵԬ̷δҪЩسǣŽ챾С棬䣬ս´档
ųͳֿʼ࿴
ǵ΢ַǴ󺺹ų갰Բ̫΢Ƕһ²⣬˭ҲԸ˵ڡ
갰Խ̵ĿתһߣŻ½ס
½ײĿ⣬һЦ
͢סˣ
͢
Դһ޴ҫѲŷǴģλߵ佫˲Ҫӣĳ͢ΣҲҪΪֳΡ
ЩΣӦһⶼûеģΪλܲصʿ򣴨ϵĺóΰòдݸŵľֹеˮ©ԴǣʱιعԱĹƶȺʻÿһ˶Żٵ˽⡣
͢ʲôЩĹƺͻɵļֻҪʱʱϯһЩŶȤĻѩ裬ͶģٹɪУȻܽÿһ˵뷨塣
Ҫ½˵ЩЩ͡͡
ΪʲôҪŷפأ
ȣʱںͲܡģģʬɽѪ޷
Σʿʿ򡱵ĹضүǸµѡ
󣬳˹ض֮⣬ֻͬȵλѡľֻ½ˡ
Ƕ½˾˻û˾ˣ۰ͰʤĳȺ뿴־
һҲС½ĵظһȺʿһѩ裬ɪϣܳеͨá
ȻȻ½Ԭ̷ǲġ
СʵۺܿԬ̷û֮ǰͱӳˡ
ŷھʹּ΢
ŹٷһȺԱߣһͷǿŽԼֹؾص˵
͢û̫ºýǸܿյģĹϵͳʲôأǵһһľһһǹܣȻڵҲǹܣֻŸ׹Ķ
˵Уǿʹ·øСʵ۵ģ˵һݣۣǿƲٻǿ׳۹ǸɻȻأ졤˿ڻûȫָĻĵеġ
Щ׵Ķָ뾫󣬿ֽ鼮ùҵ˻ɡ
ǿʼѧЩҲڡ
ȻǲⰤģгѧеλҲǸ쵱ǧʯУ֮˭Ҳ졣
ŷУǿԼָ׵ĳ嶯ĵؽÿһ˵ÿһ۵㶼ҪԼԲã˵˻ļ壡
ҲûɶɽģֻܽһѲʱơ
ڿԡǡһСһѲͬӵһʱֹ
ŷɴʱܹˡ

£
˸ͷεŷûס֡
ȻƳʱס֣תΪһñڡ
΢Цվ
ǸʾľٶǰһȺ׼˳йҸĽȥŷҲò׼ӵĻҭɤʱӺȻֿһۡ
ҲǸĽ
ƫйŮľ̿Ϣתºһ
Сʵ״һԣŷɡ
ŷɸе޴룬һʱ̬󣬲ŽԼĻ˵
Ԭ̷ǰӭսһ񣬡ʾ¡
Ǹʹ³ƫҲö˶ע
ƴ󣿡
ǡ
Ԯ޿̣
갵ǰ̫سµཫԮɱǡ
ˣ˵Ҫ𣿡
뿴˿ӣֿ˿·ΪΪŽ
ŷһ㶣ȻģʶԼһսͬС


544 
ŷǰʮ,ڵǷǵжǷǳȷġ
˾ǵˣѾѣǵ˾ͳ,ѾһԶٷȶپơ
֪͢Χ
ÿһ˴ǳ,ǳҲȥرǵ,ҲŬȥѧϰЩ,ϰ,ҼǵȦӡⲻΪΣΪ롣
ЩʿɵȦǶô,ŷһеĸ̡ǿšǭסͷ,룬ɺͨϱĺŸԽԶоԽΪѤ޵ϼ⣬ϼ֮ҲɫΪǵ̸ֹʡ
ŷ,󺺳͢ǰıһ,Ȼ˾λ,ְֵλ,Ѿ,ҪѪȥ
ӺȻǰ˵Ĳ,͢
ŷˡ
˵,м𣿡̽ʵؽ侾ս£
ûеͷ,Ҳûҡͷ
Ǽ䡣һ䡣
ŷתͷ룬ʲô˶Ա²𣿡
µûлش𣬶Ǻƽؿ
ŷɼѵȷˣµĸ벻ΪԼȷΪпܶŷҲͨļϸߵĹ䡣
λ佫ɫ仯úͻԴҲǳ׶ࡣ
Ž˵ĹС٣Ȼƾ֮ˡ
ŷüǲ仰˼ʱּ˵ȥ
ֻΪ󣬹ʶѽ
˭
ŷѸ׷ʳʱֲˡ
ʳǸ֮;ͱյúˡ
׸˲ó˵ŷɡ
ҪԣŷɿڳѰæ˱ҲҳôҪɿ
ҳǣľңɿ־ȷֲλֳӪУ⻹ûѵŷɡ
ҵޡ
ڼҧűʣŴǸддĨĨŷɰݷã̾ܳӭӣϵĻϲðûм١ŷɼˣپеˡ
ϾȻӳ⣬ҶӦⲻ󣬶Ѿµ͸ڷ磬ٰ벻ӲͽºܺһٳҲˡ
ô˵ģ
ȷʵô˵ġ
޲ˣһŮнӹҪΪŷһ˻ͽƬȲ衣
˼Ȳ裬ŷһѣ򣬻Ϊҽǡ
λɾƳһۡ
ţ˵յ赹ˣҲˡ
ŷɰջȥˡ
赹Ҳر
˶峺ģ̵ģ֯ȲӺﻺ۳һϪݲȵյУһβ䣬һ˿͸ŷһִǰλɾǺũϵӣһھƷѧʮصϻơ
ޱ
ڵȵ޽£ˡ
֮ԣ޷¡޿˵һ仰Ȼ˵ˡ
½˵Ը̫ˣ԰С԰£ǵҪģӻ˵
ŷȻǱ½̸ߵģ̺˳ؽһ䣬ô͵һһ
˲Ž˵˶Ա¶ԣ׽
ôڶأ
²ԸԣΪڳУʮ꣬˷Ҳ춯
ŷɵüͷˣϸϸһº󣬻Ǽʣأ
ô¿Ҫ㣬˼֮˿ɲһǺܿؽʹģЦ볢һ衣
ŷãض豭
벻ʲôǻʵ۲Ը˵ģʵ۰ʾĿҲﵽˡ˭ڸҲ˵ҿˣվߵġ
벻Ͳˣү׼ŬŬͶһѡ
͵ָ֪ܿߡ
޺Ȼס˶䵭ӡ
֪
˵Ͳ˵ʲôأ
ǸһѶĲ裬ҲúȰ
ŷҪʱָֻ˿³һòŪҰˣƽʱүܸӹһԣʵû顣ŸǳţŹĺڽϣķҵĴʱһ϶شŮ
Ȼסˡ
˸¡
ӲԸ˵
һҪԼժȥ
ŷǲ뵽Ǹ˵ݵģСʵףѾ˵㻬ֵǻۣųе˸Ҳʲô⡣
ǵ˵޲ᣬһֵú䵭ֱ¶һ̻֮⣬ͺܿɡ
Ȼ϶룬ҪԼӸµĻ޲ûŪ
ݵλӦûǺܸߣ൱
鷳ˡ
ΪЩҪ˲࣬Ӿú鷳ģǾͬ˾Ĳˡ
ԭִᣬĺ󣬴ŻʵΪǰȥĲʺǱ۲ǣ߻Щĺû׷ɱһҲǧ
˹ŮԼǵϾķ޴ڸУʮˣһ׷ԲԵģݸ߹ֹԡŷɼȲȥύ϶Ҳһʱ벻ġ
뵽ˣ뵽ͷ뵽ڳе֪ʾֶѧ
뷨ǶǶԻʵڼ˵ҳŷûʵ۳ƿ׼ʵӱȥԼ»ǺһȺһڰ¡
ЩԶǡôģ
ƵĻֵģ߰Ļֵÿһܿÿһ仰һһжŷɶԹļȶ
ÿ˶Լ뷨
ÿ˶ֳ˸߶ȵһԣ
ûлʵۺ޵ѣıҲģ
Ҫ׽һ
Ҫһ
ʲô֤ݶûоͶȺͷһ·˵Ĺ䷢ѣǶ׿𣿣
ûʸ񵱶׿˻˵϶ָʾİǸװӵǶ׿
λ׽ҵ˿ͻȻĽڱѩо½
ɱУԬ̷ȷģʹһëûеġ
µǿŽرյĴţС
졤ɳʹѾˣ˵һÿҵĴźҲûÿ
λѾ˾ȨèͷżẰϱԳԺȺȣȥϱҳԳԺȺ⣬ʱǱܲ͵ģµǵ˵ݣǸϱع⡣
ʲô̫أǽˣϱµ˭˭ȥ
ɤźܴһ£ž͸
ϱ콥нԶ⣬żĸĽ
½УξµǿⱲӵﶪˡ
⻧һֻ֮£λϵŮЦе߹ʹЧɾˡ
γ⸱ģ
½һƺóµǵԻ
ΪҲǺףΪʲôӻ󣬵׳ȴĲսأ


545 
ܳ
һŶֵܳȥ갺Ե,С˲ˣǳؾԵࡣ
˵ãЩ,·ϵĳҲЩԴݵ·ӣ·һصĴ֣ĳܻС̯ǰͣ¡
̼ǲ,ص֪Ϲ£ĳһТӵĵ¹£ĳһλŮİ,һɹļͥ,һֺĿֲ¡
ЩѾ,ᷳ,Ҫ֮һԼ֪İ汾
ôһڿڵسҲʱЩϵĻ䶼̫ɹɹ,ط¼öǮԲĶӣǣ,һȦѰһϱסé,˼Ұɹ̫˯һʱ
Դų,Ȥʧˡ
г˴СеʿصУĸ޶һŵڴ,ſڣԼ̯ǰԼ֪ʾɿһţͬһԼھƷ໽ţԼĸһš
˷ܣвϱˣ֮ԱǣĬĬ߿
ѾûмˣǵЩȢޣЩ˼еĹ¶Ȩӣ׼ΪԼգ˲׼ɼˣȺƽֵأȾƣԼӡ
ҲڹӣĵصȴųЩ伤ȥ󣬽С滹ʱ̡
ȻԬ̷ˡ
ֲ̼ͣ˽ʣҹͣû壬䣬и˽һľƳɵ޲Žͩﷴؽɹ
ǳضͩζҲ֪Ǵô֮ͣԱˡ
ɹͲ֮ˮʵƳ񡢰ܣԸϣֹܳùⶫ𰡡Ӧý³ľһ̧ģôľͷȼɲףôöá
еѣˣųĳǳأʲôأ
⼸̫سµˡ
СƮͩϢ˵Բľ˻ӡ
ԥرҲ붫һЩʹ
˲۵ĹǸ˹ĵʿˣͬСĹԱӹ֮ûȥϢҲûĴתһתۿżȥ½׵ĽӪ
ӪǰŮͷ󺹵ؼӹ̼˼⣬ҪѰ½Уξø첲ͱͱͬ飬ͬӲһȻ
ϵǸŮСӣǸСɾŮģ
ΧŮȫݵͣеĹһĿ
ʲôСġýȢһҲΪŮԼΪŮȢļ
ôȢģôȢģϸ˵һ˵
еΧŮĿ⣬ڵӣЩŮֽͷתȥһظɻһ߳սͷӶŮȻηηţƺҲǸʵ˵ʵ֡
λɾ͸Ӳˣֲڼ½֮Ҳûʲô⣬½׼ˣҲмˡ
ǣǣԼĲӴӲǻһаãֳЩۼϳˡ
һ˵ţһ߱˱һ̣½׼˾ͺܸˣæ׷һ䡣
ϻۣٹվ͸ѧһѧʶ˰ɣ
ɳĬһʰǲѧʶֵģ½ʹͺǵĽ·֮£ֽ·Żض
ʵˣϾŹײ˭ϣܻе
·ϵǶãЦǷһߣ˵ԭΪҪӿ񣬽֪̫Уξȳı
СĵؿԼλһ䣬֮Ц
սðͣɵֻش˼ϵС뿪ӪĻϲĥȥʲôʶԼϱӴȥҲû½׵ЦЩʲô
Ԭ̷һ£ǰÿι򱱺ķ˵һ񣬱Ͼʱ佫ƽ׼½޷ϰ壬ʬҰͷм䵵Ԭ̷֣ûȤɱֻҪĸׯ򣬱ȻҲһƵģŹһһߡ
˵ƽСʱׯİһῪʼģЩûӵģЩǱӹֻ֮ʣַ߲Եġ
һκܷ
˿սǰʹż˽ߵİ֮⣬Ԭ̷֮ûжӳ
ȻпΪԬ̷ץЩյ򣬻׼ǹǡɢͯӳĴɢʬҰǿսһ¡
û˼ûҲû
ɵĻ֤Ĳ²⡣
ݾһձһսˣųΪԮѡӪأʣԮٳٲѾǸе
ϸ½еĲˡ
Լ˵侲һ㣬ǰ梵Ļôأ
Ԭ̷ǣгǳΪ̣ھǣǻ˹Ԭ̷ģҲûʲôúµġ
оԶݴͣ갰Ե̩ɽΪвԬ̷ȫѹϣҲ
ͳһƴģƴݣƴʱϷ
Լ뷨ʱҲ˼·ǺܶԾġ
ݾ·£Ҳ·ܵУʢһ··һ·½·ǵһҲ
гǳؿأʳҲ֧£˾ˣ
ڳָƻųһǡ
ڴ֣δ֪͢
Ԭ̷ƹСȥʯµСӣѵ͢ʲôԹ𣿡
ֻҪܼס½ԬܵԬ̷Ȼ˱ˡ
ⲻŵ
ôסأ
ʮĴׯСݵĴ̽ͷ
ǸˣСԼ˵·
ģʲô·
꣡ˣ
˽ﱻǵʵʵԬ̷ڵͯϵĴ멺Ϳס
ӴׯĿɨһķݣһڵصƽ˹·ߣһηӵﳤϡ
Ԭ̷ʾ⳵򽫳ͣ£󻺻³֣Ǹ׷ԲԵ˷
˺ǳԾǵ۾ˮ촽ţ˵һЩʲô蹦̵µĻ
Ԭ̷ûϸº͵سͷ
ұʹЩ˫ַ˵ģͻøƯһЩҲܱµİռסЩܶԬ̷˵ʵϲĶͱƤƤһˣʲôأңѧʶǧٵΪʹ
ûУƾʲôԼأ
˵ĻˣһȾƣصݵԬ̷ǰ
ΧĻڿޡ
ⲻʳʲôʳ
ʳ
Ԭ̷º͵΢ЦţӹӾƣմմ˸жһӲ۾һʲô
ǭ߹Сأش
λ½죬ƺʮֽӽͳ˧


546 
ݾСΧսʼʱ,ѾˣС滹ûѩ
СûһԵ˧,ֻ,ǵµε֮һ졤Ҳλ佫ƾΪʱ˧,ųΪȶģ½Ϊӷ֣갰һ̿ûôĹֻͣпͿۣ˵Ҫ,Ȼµǵ˧,ȻҲԼͷˡ
ڳ½ս˼,˫任˼,Ҳ˼ɼȥ͵ϮԷĲͺ󷽣Ϊ˭ҲûȫԸ˾ʧܡ
ΪǴ̽ʵĽս,˫ʧҲ,һֱ˴ռ˱ˣʹӪŴӪ,
жųļҾ,ÿսЪٿӪ,޲դ˻ԱʱҲи汧չ޻ſ,դԼҵͶɷ򣬾һ֣ǶӣʹȰͷ
µǲֹΪųһױȵİʾ޶СĳУأ
رĳ˵Ԭ̷ӪҲ־ͷǳˡ
ݾԶģҾȻҲиİոڵʳСϸΪǷ첹·СӸ˹źȥӪϡ泡档
гӶӪ˳ЩʱİӪ
ǺѰģ˵С½ľӺͻһȺᾡǣܵɧţƾձʳЩǼһٱһ٣ʱʱ峿·ʱӪоͻᴫ޽УȻмĵ׳ǰȥĬĬؽǾʬ̧ߣһǳǳĿˡ
Ԭ̷ӪԺӪȴ趼ûеġ
ÿóһЩȣǸɲʳԬҴֻҪ׼һθڣԼһֻ߹޾͹ˡ
żӪѲӣϣƤë멣ɫĮشдǹڵأŸлµģ
˻һ⣺½ǺأǴӴǺأ
ȻǴӣǳҭŽ˰ǶôأǶôƶֳʳȥѽȥιľˣ
ӾͲҪǵʳӻ͸ʳ
Щڵ룬ͷϣֿ̬ȥλὫл⣬Լмʮ֮һӵˡ
ȻԬ̷ԴȻǲмһ˵ġ
жݵתһȦʱȻӪկǷȱݣǷв¹ǷʵǷڵù
Ӫʱ׵ʹҲ͵ˡ
Ԭ̷ǹͼһ۶һˮƺûͼĲ뾽ȣܺʺ
ˡ
ͼ˲ͷϵĺΪսǣ֮ʡ
Ԭ̷΢Цŵͷ
ἰ£Ҹβö᣿
ԼҪ˶¡
Ϳ࣬Ԭ̡
Ԭ̷ϵЦˣλıʿղĺˮðˣѸԼʱ˵ǡ
һ·ΪɱӲǿ
ţԬ̷ӦһҸսֱ
ͼе¶һϲı飬û˵丸׵ĻԬ̷ֿˡ
С棬ң΢Цעλıʿʲôˣ
ͼϵϲһӽסˡ
Ȼǿģ
λıʿȻҵģȴԼĵλǳأʹ˽֪Ϊ۽Ԭ̷ԼҲܳϣ
Ԭ̷
ӦԬ̷Ѿ֮ʱٴݲȵóŪһģݲȵԬ̷Ƴģ
ͼһ˲־־޲һֻͺëҰݺԬ̷ڲźã
ջִشӻͳһֻ˿ʴӣһԵ˳
鹫ߣΪС裬շͼ˵վǲа
ϵűʼ죬״ȻҲԲͬ
ŵ˶ͬһط
ϾϹĵûߵݶûпտĴʹĹԱ֯Ƴɫ¸ǽϣҲûׯĻƣûڷʱһ쳣Ȼشڱ·Ρ
йȻҲĺã˵ԱǾͱϯúܽȻҲͿøεķʽ
ǵ˾עǰһĻ
Ž졤ݾ£δ֪СսΣ
Ԫ֪֮ˣ˽ܣڣɱС治ʧ
˵֮ţʱԬ̷
Ԭ̷ƴ󣬱Ҿ˵ݳǶأԬʧԬ̷Ȼȥ
˲ˣĵֿ̾ˡ
оԣԬ̷ʰΪŽţ
ŷɡһûźͼ
ʧǣǣ⡭
ţӵ飬кμ⣿
Ԭ̷װģŷɼֵӱʮɢ಻ʲôʰ֮ģ
ǰΣӲ

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ŷ˵ˡ
ܿ
͢ٺӱʿʱȴ˷گ³Ʋá¾ҡ
ˣԪ˵б˼䣬͢ǣѵҲ𣿡
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ŷڼ䣬͵͵ۡ
΢˲ľʲôŪָһ
³ûлصϢȻҲûͬĸ󵳴ȥݷһ³«
ΪɣڳгˣֻڼǽһΣҲˣһһè
ݷʱϵһȥһ«ڳˣһ˯죬ҡҡλΣЦŸ
δŽӭͣõȣ
ңЦ褹ָΪ֮Ͱ
ͷһЦ
ȺѣһĽһĹȥһľѧȻٽתԬϡ
û˵ʲôֻǹݷãһλųƲѣҲʶͬš
«Ҳû̽÷һ£˼ڻ֮ʱСЦ̽ϣȻͬĬĿ̱⡣
İݷó˲һʱ͸ˡ
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λʻ˳¼֮󣬳«ϵЦݺȻˡ
ְ˽ŵǰȥ
͸ţһƬУ«ƽ˵Ѱһʱս
ӸΪ˵
«ƣƳֶһۣѵ㿴ˣ̽ʵҼʱô
Ѿڸǣǵڸǲסһأ
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547 
µʱ,λӵܺϸشλּۡ
𵱳ʱȧǸߵЩĿʱ۾,֪ǰλ̫ݵԵ,󱳾Щ͡
ϻںЦݵģǳԪһı,ˬ,ֶ׵ǼЦݾͻܰģ͵Զдҵ͵аְæ⡣
ֺɵЦ𿴹֮ҲǴӵܳ׵ķˡ
ô˵
Ԭ̷Ϊ,սµЦ,ȥ븸׾ҵϢǡ
Ǹһ,ǰ򾲵ĺù
½ʹߺ˿һʱŵ,ʱ,µǻھؿǷš
½ǲеġ
Ϊǳ«ӻǹŷ,Ƕһܸٹ̵Ĺ͢Ҫ
Ƿǳںӵ̬ȣںǵ뷨,ں˶ǵۣܲÿأܵĻ,᲻ᱻʷᣬָϼꣿ
ǱҲͰˣأ
һΪǵԵ,ʿ񣬱˭ܵأ
ѹЩһ˲߻ıĿռ䡣
½ȫûѹΪһʷԵСѶСӱǿ׳Ϊ֪֪֮Ϊͳ˧ʵϺ󣬾ͱü᲻ɴˡ
һҪʵ۵ģʵۣô죿ʿ仹ĳ佫ÿһ׷˶󣬼ϵһһὫǸСʵ۴Ūġ
ֻǺúôʵ۵ĻǽķʽͽСʵ۷棻úôʵ۵ĻҲôѡ
ӺͺǵУھԵľʵǰȫȫҪɵǣִӭս
ȻҿûκΡͳȨʥԡ½ûǸߵüͳˣСʵۺͺǼӳٺر׽ʱλҲȻʵһçͷΡ
ʵϣҲԬ̷͹ͼ뷨
Ԭ̷дЩģԼдЩʲôʱһСдţʱֻһš
β̫һͼһϻ졤ʿдͶѡ˼ͻȥǼûֽϵĶҲûκοͷϵĸġ
ûգ˳ϻ̳Ͽֵһ䣬㿪СԬ̷УҪӣһʴʲô뷨
ŵĶ͵͵ʹдͶŵҵ˼ӱľսΪʲôֻǱţԬʲôҪǮҪ̸
ûŵҲܲǵͶڵоУڱٳ£ҪôأҪԬ̷ӮǵøϽʳ͵͵ҵݾб⣻ҪԬ̷ˣҲøϽҵ͵һԼʹİ
ǽϵʹģǿ˫ž͸ʹˡ
ӲͼЦ뿿ǱƳµǣ»ء
Ԭ̷һԵŮСΪӣȻҲһЦ
ӭӣⲻҪ𣿡
׼һ𣿡
Ԭ̷ص˵ͷƽ
ҲǣҲǣҪǣҹʱϡ
ЩǽԬ̷֡Ĵ𸴣ȥֻ֮Щʲôأ
ԭЩǽɵ󣬿ɱŷɳ«ѹסڼˡ͢ڣһоͱòѰˡ
຺Դһ棬ǸʮСʵϵȨ׶ᱲҲҶôȻҲҪΨӣӺͻȨֵľֻж׿Ԭôأ
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ǽ֣׼ǰһѹǸ͸µӮ˺ܺã˵ĻȺ佫ǲҲҪЩʲô˶ֵܣ˭أ
ģ͢ģ֮£ӵĽ󺺵Ľ
ޣҲˣҲҲƽ֮ͱ˳µϡ
֪׻ֶܼãһײأѩһķͻСȨ꣬ųĲ᲻Ҳ͢أҪ֪갺鶼׳ѳģǰֻҪѡ㵱ܵܵĲֳܸĨڡӼȥųҲ²˰
Ȼһ½ڣὫŮȥģµҪλŮЩʲô˼
ϾߵĳЩĻ½ҪǱƺ۳ٸһκ磬Ҳ½ˣ׼Ĺ׿ȥոˣ
µôิӵ˼½ȫû
ҵóǴһ̣ǹ˲ϵģǳлûԮֿãֱ˵һ㲻ϻ֪죬ŮΣ
ԭЩ٣˵ڷˣʹΪμڳǣ
µǶ࿴һۣڲʲôĽ٣ûʳڣҲǾ˽²ޣòгײð
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С棬ұ޵ˡ
½״һ
Ǹ޸޾ˡ˵
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Ǹ⣬ʷʲôܶҡԭý»ܴЩĶС
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Ҳǲܣ˵취һ¡
СȻæµƽġ
˵ģǼиھеģҪÿȥŴҲɵԺ˯ںķꡣ
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ձ˲ʳǹڳУҲһʳն׽ѻı£˱ڽʳʱǼﵹǳ
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ȭͷӲֻҪܲǰ׼ǰȭһҪײŻ֡
ڿս֮ЩԵͲõĲϱ͸Ӳ˴ˣҲںϾǵС
Ҷܻһһˣʲôηأ
ǻ£ǲģ
ҲΪˡ
ֱΧһºգԼ񿥵ģȴԷ˵۵СʱȻ˼ҵ
òݿСУˣ졤˰ˣԬ̷Ҫˣ
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548 
ϻǸ,Ӳ̫ʿһһĺϣַϵĿճһ
Ҳ֬,Ҳ۹,ԭǷڵɫ󣬱̫һ,ԶԶȥʼƬŵĺ⣬ɼ,ϸ˿,¶ˡ
Ҳܻ飬ӶųȥһȦ,˼ʮ·̣ſƵԬ̷ʮĴԡ
ľïʹﶬ,ߵʪܳһ˸ߵĳ,ڴ֮,ũʪҲͷת,ֱ治ϱط,з˵,ʱ߻ϣʱ˴Ĵ,ʱֱȰƽĺðա
½׶ȫ˽⣬ų֪һ̩ɽܳ갰Ρ
µ˵Ҫʱ,̱ʾҪѰ׵򵼡
ĵΣλϵ˵ǺϤġ
һɵؿ
˹ˡֽһ¡
˷ܼ򵥣㣬ԷֻһȺڵǷ˿ܣʵʲô£ƴʱҲܸڶڳﲻҳŵġȻµĿľٲô˵ˡʽ΢ʱɢ«έѰǵټ
µǵļıͳ׼Ԭ̷ıʱڴ˵ıһɱܳɣǴһȻҲǹԬ̷Ľ·ܲ㳲ֻҪмݾ찣ͲⱾ
ȵ̴꣬һõʿȥ£թһ£˫սʱ󱨾żʣһã
ڳмã˳ӻץһҵس伢ʱҲ˽۶൹һЩָץİϡ
Щһһذֱ˹ԺؿοǼ䡪ǶǺðգǼŵ³½֪ģֻǱҾⳡ̴꣬Ȼǻȥ
ƺˣҲûţΣǵЩϵ֮üĿŵĿ־ҲЩһڿڵؽʳȥһһü˳ĿضﲻԲ
˵𣿡±ĵʡ
ʲôɵǹܵصС½Ҳûģߵϱֹһ䣬ֻͨ籨Űˡ
ͨ¶ľģЩǲƶЩûʸȥֱƶǿʲôʲôԼ˵㣬ǻ᲻Ὣ齻ȥҲ˵㣬Լ˵ʱҪǵͨ籨ŵĽ͵ջ
ǲһپƣһ֮ջԼͼ˶ȥջ
ǻúܿ࣬ջ޴󣬿ǵһ㣬оʱҲ뽫Щũͳһ
Ȼ˴«έܹг׷ȥ
ĵκܲǼڣòЬҲܵ÷ɿ죬ôԶܿʧˡ
һ£ҲʲôҪ¡
ԶսΪնǰѾӭȥ
սҪʼˡ
ⳡստʼǺġ
µǧձǧɳµǺ갰Դӣǧسǣ½׺ųš˿ֻǧҲֻɳһǧҵľһֶܣһֳìǰµǵı𲽿ȵʮڣ˫ʼì곤ìܱһ׳ֳֶ̱ǿꪣǹ⣬ǻ׵˺һʱײĴ̶쾹ǹɱս
ڼݾĲ£ؾߵ߿ʼ˺ӣֶϣֱײ˶ƣֻתߣһСײ˼ۣͬӾͱ˺øˡ
ϳ֮󣬺󷽵һ䣬Ҳ˱仯
ʿǿʼ󳷡
ǳú໥ϣԽԽţܿͶģתӣƬݻȴԷïȥ
˴
ǿɲʲô֮ģǹ̫سµǵľ죬ǳ͢׷ǧʯĸ߹٣ΪصţλҲֻ½Ǽ֮°ˣ
֮˭Ҫ
Щݱ˵ϵģΪһʮֻĴ죬ͬ۶֣ССĻҺܿ챻ֹļ˻׷ӱлľ١
Ͼһ£ն˳µһ£
ڱ˾Ϊʲôʤ׷أ
µϣԶԶٲľԭһǧ˵ľ󣬶ǧ׷ɢʱ֪ǲĴƺѷǧ˵ľˡ
λ̫صıˡ
Ԭ̷Ӵ˱Ͷ룬ζŽսܻӣȻҲˡ
ߵ갰ҧݷһ󿩿
˶񾭣嶼սϾҪӭⳡսؼĽڵ㡪
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µһ˲ƺһƬհףһ̣еǶˡ
󲻽е˻ѡ
磬δʱ룬ΪʲôҪѣ
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ĴŻһܸЦ£䣬ʪȱͣ«έҲ˱ñոӸʱֻҪ«έʱһ
ǾվƬһ
µǲ֪Ԭ̷ôµļƻģΪԼһŶееʿæܣĵػͷһʱһ˲ű˸Ϊӵ
ȻݾеֻҪһ֧ѣǵĻԽԽ࣬һƬ۵Ĺ⣬ʿŸɲչޣչȻװͩͣޱҪ
һµȻʲôˡ
ⳡսûг̫ʱţΪʿ̾ɢˣ«έЩӲضʱֱ濾Ţ淭սƷҲܲס
ֻܵŻѣ̫һֱҵѽڣ˼Ų·СϺ֮⣬ǻҵһ㡣
ҵ갰Բ̫ףǱϾ̩ɽܣкֶܸΣҵµҲףΪλҳ̫ضϤԼɢˣǱܿ𳡣ߵ˼ҲĴ
Ѿˣһһĺ֮ţл
Ǻܿɢ˵Ǽݾ˳µǣһ˹ȥ
ڻתͷ
ʮ׳ϴСؾľѪۺۡ
ӭ۾ȴ޸飬˹
µǱ˱۾
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ǣǵΪ׵ǸֿЦǵ⣬һλˡ
յľ飬Ǳ˵ģµʵΪҪд˱Ͷ֮£
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ȷ񣬲ˡµ˵
仰ʹЩˣǵɫڻ±ü䲻ƣ˴սˣԽǸСͷĿ׼׵һȭ
µѾΡ彣Ѹ͵ش̴Ǹçš
ⳡսûгܾãϢʱԬ̷ûнʳ
ܾױǼˣгµǵͷ­һͽҪۿһ
Ԫڶ֮֡Χǿͷ­תת棬Ϊʲôܷ²أ
˳ԲѷСֵܼ
Ԭ̷µ̧ͷʲô
СΪӣΪԬȴСǺˣɱСֵܣ
˵Ĵټһ׳ȦȻҲˣģģ˺òݡ
ĪˣԬ̷ԵȽ´󹦣͡
׳ӯӯ¶˹⣬˷ܵṵ̈ױ˳һ̵ȴֲȥ
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СˡСлͣ
׳ʮͷڴŵӣ̽òڻʱȴֱԬ̷סˡ
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Ԫ˵ĲԬ̷˵Ƿˡ
˫ֻŻĺסˡ
ͣѾ͹ˣԬ̷˵ڸ÷ˡ
ʱһߵĹͼ̧һۡ
ʲôԵױǵͷ£һӪ⡣
ɼˣԪ׼ͻС棬Ԭ̷˵Ԫ˽𡣡


549 
Ϣʱ,𾪹ȥ侲ˡ
ⲻʲôϡ£룬һܹ˵,½Ҿ֮УҲøеر⡣
սôһ,һҪһٴһľУλɱϣսպյᣬҲɽﱻҼˣ
Ϣʱ,ϧ̨,ȴ
˭֪һ죬һ̣һͻᵽ
ǻ㱵Щµģ缸,ᳰЦԼƸеľͷԼҸ˻㡣ˣ˾һЩ£һЩ,ǻ뷨
ϱûв
ǵĽ֮󼸺ʶǷ˼
˵ҪмҾĽҾ͹,ûмҾıʯʳȻҪĲǼҾҲʳǽǵ׶װϣѸԼＯϡ
ԼҵԺǽǲߵģۡҲ󣬵סĶǲϱһԳһǽһɸ,ɵһұ
Щϱ֯жʮѸ٣ɵػһ𣬵ִף׵䣬ټӶƱں棬⣬ϳػżˣ
ѵصĻ˳˵ע⣬ȵ½׸ʱΧڷ⣬ߴߴ˵Щʲô
иԸ⽻ЩǮȥһ㣬˱ʾԼԳи˻ϽϵˮɾЩѾԷʼվڷڣһ䱸Ĳ˿һĺգͺӽȥ
Щϱ˵ֻıǣƾοҲΪֱ½׵Ůֿ˼ǰȺ
ҪǵĽţԵ÷ǳƽ
ǲլۡѸٱһ¡
˰ӣɲݣݶ£ݶһΣסʸĲt̨ҪԬ̷ˣҲֹŸ
ڼӹΧǽں˲֪һѳľ
ٿǵֻһССǽ߲һɣߣס񲻹ˣЩֶζԿԬ̷Ե÷ǳЦˡ
һҲûлһɣÿһսüǸҪר־ȫ屾һ
½һ·ӷ߽ҵĴţֱǰʼڳĬع۲һĻ
ʱһ䶼ûᵽԼ۲һС
ʹѣСֽºٳ
һַ뻤ȶѰãδżףôվ£ü
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꽫ӣº˽֪Ԭ̷ºʱʯ٣ܳϿҵظһ飬ºٳ
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⻰ǾúܾƵģ΢Ц
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ƺ˼Щʲô£֣صһ
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ת뿪ʱһûԡ
ⳡ⧲µǺ갰ԵľȻǧȫȫβػصС档
ûȥƻʲôط©ֻ̽һĿסС档
Ԭ̷ıúܿ졣
ûشɨսսµǵͷ­ͻ󣬽žͿʼ˹ǡ
СˣسصģǽߣҲ񣬵ͨǵļݾʼȫʱ˿ս֮С
ݣǽļˣһһļкȥʿһҲˤڵϣ죬ҽڶսٵĴߴ£ҧεϵļʸײײǽȥ
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Ԭ̷ŷ˼㿴·ķݶлѪһ֪ǱԬ̷Ͷʯҵġ
˱ѹڷ£ſ·ߣ泯ؿŮٶС
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˵ɽѵǽһˣ˵ҪѾǴˡ
ҭʲôϲµģűһ仰
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һʱҲãҴѣȴҲΪһĽ˵ڻأҲûʲôͬ
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𻰵ʱǺܶݵģڳǽʲô½׵ɫˣһҪϳǽʱȻסˡ
ֻһʱظ
½׵û˵Ȼڿ
Ŵ򿪣˵ƥΪѡ档
СĳŴʱЩɽļ˶ݵԻУǲؾΪʲôҪţϾų갰ԣɱе½
ŻսʱµԬ̷Ȼشһ
վڳǽϣңң½һ
ôʵȰ뿪أ
ΪǸ󺺡սأ
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ĻӰ򶯣½˫½ͷΪĳǳضԡѪƴɱ
ûʲôãǶǳضԣǶԼԡ
ڳϣżʮһ·ɱ̼ɱһѪ·ֱо
ؾʿս뻶죬м˾ʧرڵأһʱܲϿλϮ
СĹսΪһ˶תƣýš
һ϶ԣѾûʲôˡ
«Щƺת࣬Ծ飬żҲһֶǶԳ͢һЩСС粨ת
λֻ˵ʲô˼ƺѾЩˣֻһһصȴʲô
һѩ졣
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Сܽˡ
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˵仰־Щ̫ҪСɳԼƬɣ
ͳԼƬ
СʹߴǸľϻÿ¼ҵĴʱ˭Ҳ˲βˣǻŻŵȥңҪ֪ҵϢڻ˼䰲οĻ
˭ҲûнЩ
׷ԲԵ˿ƾϣƺڵڵʱ˸˯ˡ


550 
Сÿһ춼ڹ뷴ɱʱ,½ͬˡ
Ѿ׻Ԭܵ·˼ݾĴӵĵˣһʳԬļҵס
Ը˳е,ѾӦģڸÿˡ
ˡ
ر̹ʵذˡ
ʮﴦͱСʱվڷе
һ,ڸŵ
ʹ½ô֪ҲϽСܹˡ
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Ǵ˰ɣ
ϵ΢Цѿˡ
ıʿǿŽͷƫƿ,׷ײȥ
½ʶԼ˵ˡ
ɣǺܻԬܵȷô򰡡
ͷ,Ͻοһ䣬ûµ,,Ҹǣ
ü,Ц
д仰,Ҿͷˣ
ЩԴתˣһ¶ϲ
Ǵһ𣬳ԳԷ,죬ڼСֲ
ֲѾô,Ҳ֪ô˵棬Ҳ˼ͷܵس
ֲϻһԻģҲǣƺ̫ΪʲôҪôС
ؽܣǲֲ
ӣţĸҵ޵УҲȷʵһλܣȻ£ҲѧЩı£㹼׵С
Ҳ˵ĸף½Ͻظһ飬ǲֲأдʫҿ
ССֱ˴ԲȻСȥԷҲûǸôдʫܲܵдףǶųմմ⡱·ó̡
ȻеΣҶѾС½ż־ٶϰΪˡ
˾ܲһ
Ⱦơ
ǲģʹоٰľϯÿҲֻôһȸ˼ˡ
Щ߲㽫ȵĺôǴƣʿǾͲҶˣ۰ͰţȴǾƣǲ˾ƵˮˣҲһɾζΧڹ߷鶯ӣһڣ̾
˼ȣ˭Ҳ᲻ٺһڡ
ƱݳƷҲܼ򵥡
ݲ㣬ѽƽˣԥݽԲ˽ƾƣ̡
ǬͬʱӺȻһ֡
ܺЦʲôأ
Ȼһ壬ӺСԲֽЦջȥˣ½ã
֮ܶⳡս̫ˡ
ſӣһûζܲϸ⣬ʶͷʱ˵ˡ
ڳһ̳ҪҪȥ
Ŀⶼˡ
˾ȣ˵ģ˵ĿƺżʣǻĽ
ΨЩûӦ
ǰǽӹܹضүıȨģʱԬڽƣѼ˭ıԲܲ٣˺϶Ϊһ˲ܲٵĴ֮Χ
ʱҲûʲôʽǹԼµƫξŽɽ˾Щٶǵ£ҽԼӡ緸
ҶˣҲûɶͿǸĵطսܷڣĽʿǾͬǲս
ԼָȨͲô򵥵һˡ
ζеʿ佫ǲǵ׷ģ䶼Զ˳ģз֮λλҲԶ
ȫڶӲƨŵǸСӿһպĻ̿
½е㲻ŲŲƨɣϸ΢Цˡ
ٳһ⣬˵ͳԲˡ
̽Щ˵Ŀⶼ׵Ժˣǽŵ׷ʣΪɶ
쿪ʼҪիԡ˵ȻҲܽȨ㡣
ԡͰҲΪ׼ˣе̬
ԥԥؽԼԡͰԴ˽ȥݵرúڰ
·һ磬һЩ¡
ͷˡ롱ͷ֮峺ȵˮһ˲·Ҳ

Щû˵ڣǵ۾ѾǶôҫһ£һ佫˵ʲôȡ̳ݽߵҫأ
˵ȫȨ
Щֲԥݵģݵģ졤ݵľӣЩЩǹؾ괦Aııŷɵıȫƣ
Ӵ˲һ佫ͳ˧ⳡԬսˣ
ʮˡϰ˵һͷ֮䣡
ͷе˷ܣҲе
ʤԬ
ΪֹûΪĽɫΪһȫսõ
ֻô
Ԭܴϯ¡
С桢ǡǡٴܹ⡣
ǸбһƺҲûʲôϵ
ĵԼһʱв֪δϮ
½ŵ۾
̳˽ͣûװΣֻģ˺Ǽª
̳֧ڱѩк˳ŷ϶
Ｋªһ裬һϯӣһϻ֮⣬ֻһˡ
ܻڶðź磬ҹʩ
ое㷳꣬ס䣬̳ϸû취˯ȥͬؼ˵ʲô
Ҫ˭˵˵Щʲôأ
˵Ԭܴ޾ʵҲûʲô
˵ԬںӱҲԣԭҲ
˵ʵе㵨ˣ
ܵӡ
ôĽʿƴɱΪ
Ǹߺ֣ͷȥ϶ִֵţֻҪǰҲûк˵ͷһҲʸ׷ĽŲǵͿվƶ֮۵ĸߴ΢ЦŸýǵ䡣
׷½ǵѪ谵ǰΨһͷΨһܹ޶Ķ
Ҫǣ׷Ǹų
ܡ
ʤֶΡ
½ðͷʱʱ̴ߵǸϻӡ
һϻѾѵĽƬϻӣһʱȻܸеϵ⡣
ңǸ𣬡Ҳ𣿡
Ҳܡ
ܳⳡʧ𣿡ִŶʣ֪ģԭкܶ࣬ܶ࣬ܶԴᡣ
һΣûС
ƺ΢ЦڵʲôأڵһԤףһ𣿡
ˡ
ǰʲôСС壬ǼʮŮ
ÿһ˶ĳÿһ˶̱˵ĻƣÿһǾɱ֮
ǵ۾΢ЦѩںĻһɢŶ˵㡣ŮǵֹڸǺԸΪżףԸӽλ˵ŮԸֲ뵽һΪʷС
ǶһӮҹһֵ쵻ˡ
ҲһӦĵˡܵķ谮ѽ
֪ЦһЦ
߳ġ
ʿܹٵؽߣݽҪһӦþߣ
ʿӳˣźĴ멣̳ȥ̧ͷĿ⣬ܿ˸
佫ʿһӶӵˣںԶվҲСڶ͵͵شǷ
ԽԽˣڹԱָ¿ʼųУǺӣȥ
ɡ̫ʷȡ˾ܲҲˣԶԶؿ
ˡ
һɵĹٷųԵþֶӡ
һ貵ףӦҲܹء
جج߹ȥ׼ӭʱСţһˡ
üǷſһۺֺ̽ϣݸӡ
Ѿߵ˽ǰ
ҹΣ΢Цʵ
֪˵ֻʶһ䣬ļ𣿡
ǳԪġԥһ£̵ֻ˵⼸֡
˶ڿǡ
ҪҪիԡ棬Ҳصѡġ
κβ£Ļ
½һʲôˡ
ѾõǸˡ
Ǿ̳ɣ˵׼ˡ


551 
,б
̧һͷţһͷһͷ,ѪѾʰɾȻڷðڵѪ
Զйһһ
գի䣬̳
˵Ŀⶼڿ̳ϵ̫,ֻļ,ԶЩͱ˳ˮĶ,һһ,ڽ̫·Ĳ⡣
ĬĬעż̳ϵعݣʱѡøպãĹƬ̳,ͺӦǵĵ档
ϵ,oC˽,ƽķԻԬϽ׻,޾֮ģｫ½Ϊ,䣬ֱֻܱ
δɤ˵Ҳδ顣
ģʮ֣,Ƶй˫һѣֱ
Ĳеʲôӡŵ죬ֻԼ彣
ǰһͭᡣ
ͬʱȡһֻͭƷڣͭһĿ½ϡ
̳ݽʦ
֮գ
ٰݣҲУ
ĬĬؿȫĳҪȻһԡ
ǵǲܹƭ˵ġ
ۣ̳ʵڲһϽģʮǰ״㲻ʲôǧʯĸ߹٣жҲʯĹ١ȥʱкū·ߵţסŵǭϵģ·ϾİӶūͣǸ۾ƶƵģ
վںĬעŽ̳ǸƽӰͬѤõףԬɫ⣬½ȴ˿Ĳƣ
ǭףǸɱǸյĸˣ
ô䣡
ףվ֮ϣĽᣡݱ
߸
һſż޵ıͷѹȥͬǵͷ­һ𣬹Ž̳ϵǷ
ƽעһУǵûвûлңûиеģ²λĻŻǽݡ
һͷ
½ҫѵ͢Ӳ
ͬԬܵһսӺζʼ𣿡ߣ΢Цһ䡣
ӦѾˣȻתͷҪһսġ
½ΪϢܿ촫˷ҲһվȻϳǱʮﴦļݾӪ
ϢʱԬעǸΪɳ̡Ķ
ǶԭԮģ׶ɽָӣȷҲ١½ȴⶫǳ⣬ÿһأҪϸϸ̽鸽ɽΣɳƳɡɳ̡иɫСϣ˫ռݵΡ
ⶫǺõģ֮ҲãõĵӦ֣Ϊ˧ǲԼܳȥεģֻгǰģĸƵΣ͵һٸһֵΡ
Ȼǲģ˭ҲὫƺӻ̹;ɽأɽжߣԲɽδɽ¼խΣ
һ룬ԬܾͲò½ˣνַζеģͷԣαȥɱҵҪʱͶԼһİ
˽̳ݽ֮½ʱԬһҲûʾ̾߶ŭ
£Ԭ˵Ҳᡣ
ʿ࿴һۡ
˵½˵²ٲ֮⣬طĲǺܶࡣ
ٿǵҲûʲô춯صĴ£ͽɼʿҹǰȥ͵͵ɱ
һ£½£Ҳһֵܼ̳ݽ֮ʱ
룬һˡ
Ԫ𩻹㣬ء
ţ̿ʳġ

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ǳһûˡ
̳ݽϢͬ
ǵķӦ͸Բͬˡ
ǵǲ̫ں½䲻˽һֻȨͽȨҪô̵Ϊ̫á
Ӹˣⲻ٣£ôܴˣԼûб̶ûʲô
ȨҲ½أ˽·ôһ̳Щӵ淢ģǲǾеԽˣ
ʱӾǲͬ
˼ǵʱоˡ
ϢĳϣװڿؽԽó˵˵
ŷǵһĿ£ֻǶ£Ӳعס˲ӡ
һ·׷ĹǱ˴˿һۡ
ǰ֮£ԭ˲Ϣ䣬һһ½ޣִڴ̣űʲôף
۾
ǰµսеЩ֮£Сս¿ң֮Ȼתһ䣬µѳ֮ϣоϲ֮
Ǽ־ŭǸ󳼣°ͣػؿʱһȻ
ˣһ䣬֮Ѱ
Ԭڣŵ˵һ䣬Ϊٸ֮Ҳ
¿תǼݱʿ˳ĳ
ɨԬ֮ͬ𣬾ͽɡ
ŵ
ŷŭһ˲ҡ
۾Ҳû̧
ŷ벻֮µģȥޣҲĥȻǵ̬ڳ«µǸȥתˡ
Ԭ̷ͳµǻڽ֣ʯʱǵһַ˵ȷҪµʩѹڳ«ͬʱȥСҲΣڵϦƲֹʱվһ
½֪Ļ˵ЩƽħˣĥôѹôٸһͷһȺPUA ѡ֡
ĵȷȷҲ֧ԬܣǺ֧ǲ˵ֻڽƽĺ󣬵׸һʲôλá
Ǻûн鰡Ҫˣʲôù֭أ
Ʊˡ
Ȼܸ¼Ҷİˣλûǿճˣ
λüȻճˣʣҪǵľôˢһˢͣռסǸλã
иĹݵȷ˰ͨԬܵģŷɿףЩºͻ¹ٶǶµ˿ɾḻأ
һ¶úðˡ
ְָȺ͵ŷߵĲأⲻн飬ʲôн飡
ԽԲԽνҹôԵĴȵˣ
Խ¿Լһʣóѹ㹦йذǻüǮ
ǵȥŷɣؾһЩȥ֧ԮС档
ŷɵʱܲÿ
Ҳ˵Ƿŭ߾֣н䱸ѣһã
λεصŰݷúŷûסȥޡ
ǣЦһΣǴʹĵġ
С汻ΧʮԮڵˡ


552 
ȫµĿⶼۼϳսʱ,ԬҲͬıʿһ
ҪȡΪˮ·ͨ,,ʱݴӪ
ıˡ
žһսʱ,ͲҪоı,ǿԻʦ,Ĺҵ
һ,ôⳡս
ͳż㣬Ԭܵİϡ
ǲΨһһͳ,͵ֻһ⡣ż½½ǣ½½˿,ĳһƮѩҹ,ÿǼɵĴš
߷ŭкͯ޵,и˼,Ӱ,ȻЩܿ͹Ϊƽֻק,Լͥҹ۳ҵĺХ
ǵ֤ǵڶձģӿ֮,,ܵ˶ܿЩ˵ģǰСЦǰϹϾƽǰָʹ,ֻͷҷס󣬵ȴָǽѵһ̡
͢ˣѪһߵЩ䲻ˣϵ졤Ұʦܵ
Ŀƺ˼ݾĴӪҲɵָð
ʿǻ࿴һۡ
ΪףȻƫ̻
ţԬ˵¡
ɡ
ҵǺܾãҲмйԬ˵ֻԸźӣ˭Ҳݸҡ
갺һ㣬Ƕޱͨ˵̫ǣһȺ֮ҵ
Ԭҡҡͷҷ͡
ʿֻ࿴
֮ģɲ֪˵ҰΣ
۾ˡ
Ϊʹ
ʹ߷һרŸֵͼĹ٣ſµļܹԸԸԬܵʹһġ
ʱڳϵǸƢܱС٣̳濪磬򶼴ˣĸƨѽǺ¹קסǸˣҪһʣʲôôģʲôʱģ֮ȥ
佫ǶھӪֻмıʿߡ
λӡ
ĸƨѽ
˸ϽͷСĵȰ裬Ҫ˴ֱ֮
ĸʲôʲôĵģܰձɣ
ձȻǲܰձģԬܶˣӱҲظǮֻõغ͹άֵ裬ս̸У˵ӦҲԸⰡ
ԬܷΪֹɸͻȻΪ塣
״ãգգۣǸһҲůůͺͣϻë׹ߵСͷ
һıĴ壿
ԬܲԸ֮ڼ˵˷Ǹ˿ġ
ⲻˣһ̽һ䡣
Ҹȥʹ߻𣿡
Сͷ˵󽫾ȥһ˱ǡ
˾ܲö˶ġ
ʹʱ󽫾ô
ϯϡ
⡣
ҲС˾ܲɿ˵
ˣ
Ԭ˵Ҫʲô⣬ˣĸƨѽ
ԬдҰģ˼˵˾ܲ˵жΪĵʸ񣬲棬Ǻ
˾ܲͣͣ󽫾ôЦܲ׵
ûҸ׵Ц½ں˵
˾ˣ̫ʷȿ˾ֿܲ
ɣԬ׼ڴ˾ս
Ԭ¼оס⼸ϳǣʼյԬܽһƱȻͳһսǸԵɡ
Ǵ𣿡ʡ
ԬѡսϣҪԷս
ûлش
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˵Ǹǰڶнʱʱڻƽʱ
һûսꡣ
Щ·ߣͷϴڵʿ˻ҲйΡ
أھĻԭʱûй뷨
½Ƭϱڲԫʱ޶ɻ
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Ѿǰ֧ʮֻмʮʿ
ڳվţ߹ڲڷзԵǸͦ޳˿Ҳ÷ǳڡ
½㲻Ծذ˾ܲ˵ֱͦˣ׼Ҳװģһ¡
ǸڳߵʱѸȥˡ
δ΢Цһ񣬡񽫾ã
δһ곤һģòķʡ
ǸԽº´ָо͸ˡ
ȣϴģõģĲá
ü򵥣ݻǳ£ոҸɾģûǳɫƤëӣǰȲ衣
һС¯ӣĻˮھʱ๾ˮ
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Ѿδȴǰ
Աһֵܣĸо䲻ͬ
ģѹֵģʹģǱѩĺִҪѰһȥѡ
չģº͵ģЩˣĻ崺֮С
ûʹ࣬ڰԼԸᶨشδ
κδһҲҸġ
ǰҪǸˡ
Ϊչʾģģõδ
Ը빫Ұ
ȵݳԬܵս顣
ּԾûܹϵͳѵһдˮƽ
ԬԣԸ֪ȵ빫ս˽ԹϹҲ
Ƿս̧ͷ˵Ц
ûЦΪҶսΪ¶սΪʹɨף
𣿡
С֦ͳȣʵѽѮã뿴Լµ½У˻У
ܱȽԬǿɣ룬ָһ£ԣǽԬңǽЩö԰˵ʲôδ𣿡
޴֮ģʱԬΪĻƺңȲΪɱꡣ
סˡ
һλӣ濪һĻʱҴҲĻλã֮λôôϤأ
ԺûʲôĵģҲ֪ںμ䲻ȷĻֱ˵ڡ
˼ȥ½һ̵ģҲȫġ
㽲ʲôƨ˵սˣǾʹˡ


553 
ⳡ̸дһʼԾûġ
ô˵,½ݲãе㡰ƴЧӦǸ˼ġ
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ʱԬܰһҳ̬,һ㲻ʹҾ,Ҷʱͻá˻ûô
ԬǸ,ǻһĵܻܵͬ,Ǻվһġ
ֻҪϺһڴ,Ǿ߲ͬվһ
ٷеۣѾȵ׵һȲġ
ȻҪ򣬵ԬҲ֮ʦȳˡ
Ķжҳϣһ,ģ,ֵ,һƨӿܲûϵ,Ҳǽġ
ҶΪԬһ£ⲢǲܵѡȻ,иصļһڣûܹ͵ҶҪβˣΪʲôǿԬأ
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һֱǸǸסͱݶӵˡףкǰλȻ˽ԥ޲пʵƷУСŷ硱
һλֵѾˣʲôһĿռ
ûС
һĿռŶҪսˡ
ûҪԼȣ̵ģֻҪС½Ƴ͹ˡ½֪½΢ȻƷкãԴǷǺġ
˵Ѿӵĵزˣʲôָ
ܶʹ˵ɶ˶þ˰
ȲԾ
ĻͰ٣ҲǸģҪȥЩ̬
ⳡ̸бҲ̬ģǸվڳǽƿڴνС˵һزô̸ܻеĿռأ
һѪɣⳡսǲֹͣġ
ƽشڴһμˡ
ûʲô仯ģɫµ֮ǰͬ
ͷŶϤͷŶ͸İ
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ѱϯܿһ¡
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һ£΢ЦѰ֮⣬Щ
Լ𣿡ʡ
ȵıˡ
ЩıҲˣλ̳µĴ󽫾ڽʲôɵ
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Цˡ
֮ѵݹҲǽһ𣿡
ǿ϶ǣش÷ɿ죬ǵзԣ´ҲĶһٸǴĸҲҪݵҳԡ
ؿ
оˬع̧֣Ⱦߡ
סȻ

תͷȥʱȵıѾȫˡ
һλ޿ޣûѡƷɾ̬߹
˽
ͽ˵
̫б磬Ź磬ԭϵĲҶͱ˼ȵӰӡ
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򽫾ۼҲڸѾһׯ
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ţԬƴֵʿ尮أ˵ҪĶĳЩ˵ЩʲôЩܴȥġ
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Щˣ
ĵطļ׳Ĭţһ·Ͻ
һҲṳ̂ƺϣûƺϰİգǲκγԹ
ڹﱻΪ׵ǸˣǵظңԶ
Ǿļ޶С¼أƬսġ
ǱģΪԬǱ൱Ӵľשߡ
ЩҪȵߣߵ˲ڼݾС
̸кգˡ
û֪⵽뷨ǲ裵뷨ǫСĵ˵žŴأȥľ
ΪɿɿЩľʿ֮ǵԹҲó˵˵˵鴦Ҳ
ʹ˫ۺº޲սڴˣһȥʹɷ򰡣
Сйȥ޵ÿҪʹȥ
½Ա߳Ĭؿ˰죬䲻ˡ
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554 
½û취Ͳ裻ġ
õĶ,ѧ֪ʶɵۣһЩȻĤ,Ȼ˰ݣֱΪݴʷλΪŻΪ󽫾,һжûܸһͷţʵС
һֻ֪Լ,ԼĶ
ȫǲҴү޷Ķ
ǳкܶͷţЩţǷأūͲ,ţ,Щǵ,ЩţĲΪ˼롣
뾣ݣйءֲٶ־˥Ĺ֮ҲѸٸıͷѾоļҵ,۽ʤԬܻ,ܵøһŴ,ȻԬļ֤ٻ͹ˣǺα಩أ
裵ȻͬԼλ뷨ģҲǸðյĶͽ׼սɱңҲǷܻؾݵġ½˵Ҫ»ңһĪļ벻
½֪,˵ǵ͵ıŤ
ԭȲӻңҲѾܣһ˵ҲԼֲˡ
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˻ң˻ǼϱԼǳһµݡ
λصĽʦŻҵҡҡֿؽһЩ滰Ҫڴ󽫾ºúó
Ի˵޶Сعһúչˣȱʳ
һȭ͵˻½ʱȦǺģϸƤˡ
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ȴ֮⣬ѫȻҲյԬܸţλӱûʲôҵˣȻҲż˲һҪ®ȥǧˡ
࣬Ҳһ⡣
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ʮҪ캮ضսϽһһľսܻϷůļˣôܲأ
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ʦ̧̧Ƥˣ
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A¸ңδף˵ҡ
Ԭƴ󣬡ڼ˵ǲܰܵġ
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Ըλñ֮׺˿ɱȡ
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е㽩Ӳؽͷתˡ
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ҿڿһСģ߹ȥǸڱܷ紦ʹƨһš
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Ȼأʿʡ
ߣ˲ҲУ
ߣôͻȻ֣ΧȻ˽Χ˹
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ɫģƣ֣궼ֻֿϣҲ̫
ЩΧʿҲˡ
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½Ȼʲô
㲻𣿡ʡ
ܲ𣿡ǸʿʵҲ֪Ǹ±ʲô𣿡
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½֪սʤһֻèһصʲôƵģЩϳǳѪսʿӪ˶ˣ֪𣿡


555 
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ʿס,˻࿴̽ؿ
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֪Σ
ǻ𣿡
ܱǲ𣿡
ʿ˵
ڵ۾С˻ҪΪ˸мߵ𣿡
ǸֻʣָĺӽԼ־ٵǰ
½ԭΪҪһȱָ
ΧʿֿЦ,ʶ,һʳָϽ
ָλʲôû,⻬úûһɵָ
Ǹ˺Ȼ˷ʽԵ,ָҪȻŭӡ
ֵ,ΧʿҲŵȡ
±,Сģʼûп
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ܴʤǸ
ʿǵǼģģûнܹӵĽҲ⸴ӵ,ûЩӵİޡ
ǵֻԼļˡˡһ㣬չ֮ͬۡ˾ͳ˧Щ˲ǵĽȦ,ҲΪ֮ƴȫ塣
̲Ϊ˴󺺣ΪιԼιˣ
ѧʶֲΪ˿ҰΪ˽׹ʱıһСλãõιԼ,ιˣ
ɱҲ׶Ϊͳ˧޷ӦõʹͣǱԼһͷͷҰޣԭʼķʽȥιԼιˡ
ʼʤʹιʿʿȻܽʿάڽϸˮ׼
뿪Ϣ뷿ۿһʱͨľӪʲôأ
˾ӪȻִ̼뷽跨Ҫ׬һǮ
ȻڲʶǰӣֻҪҸ̯ӵƲϯ£һײͣȻ̸ˡ
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ôģʿ˵Ц󽫾ıʹıܲһһ֪ˡ
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ӪӪת˼ȦۼԹģ˵ƵģʿֻԲƭ磬˿ڸȾûͦؼҵġ
Щʿ͵͵ѾƴӪźſʼޣһ޴һȺޣٸɴ࿳˼˵Դǲˡ
˱˵ȻӣرЩﾹȻ൱ġ
ܿʲôأ
Ѿǵͷԡ
ǺɫɽɫĺӾǰǲսͬվӰÿն۾עǣĺǣһȱȫָͽ͵Ҫסǣսȫ¡
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ĿǰԬҪϳǾսζѽľӴϳǡ
Ԭܡ
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з紵յоʵӰҲź
ڰһȶԼʲôһҲû󺮷Ӱ쵽ƺҲûע⵽ſױͨ
ؾƽϣֻüͷ΢΢𣬺ȻִһԳһֽ¼ʲô
˾ܲվſڣСĴһ켫ˡ
һӹҲҪԼʿ˽⣬½ıһȥӪ̽ʿ״̬ʿ
ʿôܺã
ɲǿֲ֪ĸʿԼһϸܴȥͲύȨ˰
ôȥֻˣʿʲô
ЩҹʿЩѾٽµȥУǻӻһյʿЩĴѰҼ˸ʿһ֧ʿľ˵൱棬൱о͵Ⱥˡ
ΪʿѡߣңƽվйǵԹ־壬ðοԼһģ֫һҲĿ꣡
һ֧˾ܲ뵽ְܶ취ʿ
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˾ܲãλȻıԶ֮ѡЩ
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Ȼֻܱ̿
Ȼˡ
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ߵıʿֹ
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ٴ
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󽫾ˣʮҪģҪıУԯ⣡
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556 
ʱǰ,ɳӦس,ٰС·Ը׺Ѿ˷
ҶꤣôһԷ˾ܲҲö˼ۡ
Ҳ,Ʋʲôų,ֻЩ˾ǱȲ˵ģ
˵ĸ׹̩ɽة,ҲˣȲԼ游򣴨̫,Ҳξ
ԼҲûʲôȲʿޡʣնӢء
˸ͷǺܸߵ,Ҳ㣬ҲˣԶ,ƤͱЩ,һʱС,ȲճϸƤ⣻
Ϊɶôأ
Ҳû˵ɶĲѧһ𣿽ʲôʱԹôȤˣ
˾ܲɵضȥûʲôرڵĵط
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ƺһĨƮƮĿ⣬ʱЦһЦ
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𣿡ȻһҲӣЩɡ
װͰˡ
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ԬյĶڲģѫ裵˳սģ⼸չȥῪʼű㣬жϳ·ߡ
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ԺһǧﾹûаĿ־壡
ڶļкʱЩʿеؾܣ̲ס͵͵Ŵķһۡ
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557 
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Ԭܿһְĸףһԥ¶,ַԼ,ڴƽԭϾսʱȫһˣһ
ЩǱǲ׵ġ
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Ѫִֻ̼ǰֶݣһĹڶֻƬ̿Թ͡
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ԬȻὫǰúȡ
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˧Ĵǰ֮Уʱоǰֻһ׮СͣҪն½ֻʱˣ
֮󣬷ͽĿƵϣǡҲڿ
ǲԼͬظܵλͬĶŵ£ǿűȽʯҪӲġ
ȲںģֹǭΪʹ¶һЩǰʿҲ
ôԷǰ㣬½أ
˾ʯͷģҲһ֮İ
ֿԼ
ǵǼڵȾѪۣһʯͷӲ䡣
˰ɡԬ˵
ǧΪһǰһ½Լݱһ졤ݱ
ݾھúԮּ³󣬱úܽϿʼ϶
һʿ˺ӵģΪʿһᶥȥ
ʿҲתͻѸٳһӡ£սӦ̾͵ɱӱߺסӵʿͬʱмҪ˶ȱڣ֯𷴻ؽҪһ˺ȱڵĵоϻȥ
мģսɱҲҪʱŵģûԮǰ£ֻʱ⡣
ʿö׷оȡն½󣬿ߵĴ٣ͻȻһִ
ԬҪʹɢɳĻµݱѵأϵˡ
Щ졤ݾУ°ܹʿأ
󽫾ֺΪ
һ¡
˵
սǺܲ׵ġ
ϾҪֳעʿҪע¡
ǵעֻԼǰǸϡ
ǵ۾ﶼϽѪ


𣿣
ˣܺãһ¸
ûвʲôΣֻǸתܵӰµĶˣ
ǿЩڰӱߵֵͬܡ
Щͬ۵ʬڿݲ֮£ѩ֮£ǵòο壬ǵò˵Ѫ죬޷һг̡
ʿǿĲǼ˵ıӰһѪ
ţţ
׷׷
׷ǣ
ɱǣ
ΪǱ𰡣
ΪԼ𰡣
ڻӶ죬ڸߺһ֣ԶĽҲһּٵģҪǻصȥĽࡣ
ɻһһǰ壬ƺҪеԹߣе裬еѪᾡк
Ļ׵ͿҪǸܵļ˵ıӰʱһʸ䴩š
½صĴʱ΢ɧҹǰѾָ͡
ߵױƽΧƵƵĿҲ
˾ּܲˡ
ʯͷɵģӲһҲǸƽĽ
ѲӹǰǼӪʿʹˣôһ㴥ҲûУ
½Ŀ⣬ᣬƺ˵Щʲô
̫ˣᵽ˾ֻܲǴ
ҪǶûʸǻ


𣿡
Ҳսǰ
ǴֻǴ
Ϊ½תͷʱ˾ֻܲϿµ顣
ҵҪ˵Ԭ׼ôǰ


558 
˵ǰˮһȥ
ǲ̵ֻܵоǰ,ûеõοûеõǸǱնЩϱµ,Ǹָأйŭʱ,Ѿоǰ
ǰܣоǰ,Ѱվͺ󷽹۲ÿ˱ֵľپȻܵ,ǰ,⼸Ѿ˵һС
ǲ˵ڣϱҲֻܷ߷ߵ³һڴѪĭ,ԼĶʴǧСмķ϶,ȥ
Ҫ,ҪʱǷ񶪵Լ,,ҪվϼʮɱͷΣա
áԺ󷽴
Ԯ֣˵ʲôҲӵģ
һֻʣһˣ˶սѽ
Щ˶࣡ΪʲôǶоѹ,ȴûУ
ҲҲǸ߸ϣʲôƨıҪǵնȥ
Ǳûиĸ޶𣡡
ذεʣһǸʿͷ­
ͷ­Բ,ڵϹ˹,۾ȴԲţǾȣŭ
΢΢תͷǸһۡ
δͷ,һٹϰᱡü͸·΢⡣
ݿıʿȻˣԬܻ٣Ե档
׳ЩĹ֡
ǣ
ۻƵ̩ɽѹƣս
Ҳûע⵽Щܷʿˡ
̫ӳ죬³ˡ
ݾڻˣóƬսһЩǱȽϽԱ˳ЩǵԱ
ʱ纣ȥʱҲһ׳ۡ
еʿһʱȳֵֹĸɱ۵߻ͱԼһ˫Ӫﶼᴫҽʽ
ֵ˹ָɻʱⲨ˿϶⳷ˣͻȻͼҲڲײķ롣
˫˵ٲ⣬ǰҪ־裬ѾԳЩʿţ򵥴ɨһս
Ԭܴ̺սǺܲɨģΪˡȻǡˡˣʬ塱ҲͲǡʬ塱˼ѰĳԴ
һͬõ˼һ嵽ʮˣ׳ӡ
廧ΪڣΪҲ˵һԳһٸ׳
Ϊһ磬һԳٸ׳
ڹļ£뿪磬߹ɰǧƬİϣİ˴һ̡
һľսֻ˫ͳ˧֮һνһ̽
ս˴һʬ壬˶һЩǧݺһЩǧ
һŲȥټѵؽŴʬĻҰΡЬһùӲܲòһǶѷֲң岿λѪקԼĲЬ
Ǵ󽫾˷ܼˣЩһ̴ԬܶףҾջķᣡ
ԬΣ²Ҫˣ
Դ󽫾֮ԬӻؼݣǱضҪ
󽫾ؽԼҲʿ
ҿһ̴꣬ǾͿ͢ϱˣ
½ŶߺԶӣĿȴʼƬսϡ
ǵĹԻҰ
ʱֻһ㣬ԽԽ࣬ҹǳ׹ҡҷ
ֻһ֧֧ȼյĻѣЩҪԶеĹûĻԭϡ

ѸٽĿջء
ˡ
мˣأԼҲ⣬Ϊս˭ľһ
˭ҲЦ˭ҲûԬܵ
λ꽫ˣеصͷҪֻЩҲһȥˡ
Ͻοͬ˵Ц
ҹԬܽñմвͬ˵и֮ʿΪıߣ
ȻǸƯƯĻ
лסʹһ٣˵ȻӪ̣ƽϡ
˾ͺܸˣקסһǣһͬӪ
ΧױıʿоӪˣһ
һȺ˴ӵһ
Щ߹ģῡģѧģĹˣʱעٶ
΢΢Цţһ
ִǰĴд˹ְλĶҹɫƮ
·ϵʿݵ̹ó·صȴ󽫾
ʲô˸Ҷأ
սĹ֤
ǲ͵ġ
ĴӪԬرˣ
Ǵϡõԥ뾩ܣԸ㲻ַǺģ
ϱߵѫԬɢȥ˵ˣݣǲԸⶥԬܵѹð͡
ǴұýԼһ㣬ٽԼһ㡣
ʳҪԼҲԼƻʱоˣ߻Ҫһ꣬ȥܵ˾ί
ʸⶫҲһ֧֧ģˣô죿㻹ƾձʮ֧
һ߳Էһ߰ѵ½⻰ֻ۾ʶرλþȥˡ
Ǹλûˡ
ɫһ䣬Сأ
󽫾ʲˣСС˵СȥӪʿѵˡ
ɫеŹֵؿ
Ԭ֣ܽ󽫾к갷񣿡
ôƺ͹ֵֹġ
ֵͦģ̹ϵ˵֪һܣҲ֪ôܵġ
ûͷûԵĻЦˡ
Ȳ֪λȴ֪ذɣʲô
ǡͯҲٶ֮ս֪ʤԬܣ̾ôģͲ֪ˡ
֪ĸϸЩʵҲûõġ
ΪһǷСڴսʱͻȻͶ
ûͲ֪ԬҲû취Ľӽضʿ
ȻҲ֪ܲһѻڳ֮ǰҲѾԬܻͷΪ̵ĵز·ߣδػðһ
Щսۺ˿ǾޣԵ˵ܸࡣ
½㲻öģҲ˺ԬܶŷѪС
Ŀǰսһȶʱȡ
Ը⼸ŸѪΪ۽ԬܸϻغӱҲûټˡ
½㱧ŷ﷢ҲͬؽԼûӵһ𣬷ǰ
ȻҪųԣ˸ʤ̣ʿǻȵġ
˾ܲԵɱȱ˺ЩҲûȥоʣԼһ߿սѼϢһ߲һֻʷ۵Ŀȡ
ʱֻ˧ԼգЩӪ佫УξҲģ˧һͼ
ԼҲһԬܵʮȻԼͳģҲ佫ͳԼһӪıҲҪЩмһϺţгȡһλ˶صо
˾ܲһ߿һ߳ԣһΪҳ
ųţȻòԡ
ǰһţǰһţ˵ٿ
˸ϽΪһֽ£дżݾĳӪϹšǣ졣
˾ֵܲػһȣˣ
Ȼλ佫һûһҲûġ
ôأ
ⳡսУս˫гԹģٰ֮


559 
˾ֻܲ,ֺһܵȲ衣
ôãҲõĲˣȻ⸽Ҳ,ϾȺǲôƷʵˡ˾ܲżһ̣ƷҲǺܺá
˵ݳȺкòģкò,պͺȲƷλ,ҲھУѰҪһ
˾ܲ˵ȺҲǸŲȢʿ,ûܿԡ
,ǱҪˡ
ùٷʢͺ,Ϊ멣ůůͺ͵ĳš
Ѿȥˣʱжʱ䣬ϳ⻹ǾӪ⣬֡
ڰʣھԱ,սƷ,ڽʿһǼڲ,ҼӰӵӪӵĵ
˾ܲһһ·,ܿ߳оӪ
оӪͿԳ˳ˣгͣӪǰ,˳,ǰߡ
Ӫ⻹СӪ£½ʩͳ˧ӪʻġÿһСӪդҲʿȥ
ﶼŽ,ڹߵҨ˾ܲȵ
ζôʿǲġ
ǵ鶼㣬Ǹƽùһ
һнûмӵǡ˾ܲȻЦһ
˵һ̣ǲأڳԵ˵
һǸӦıչ
Ǹߵеֵؿһۡ
ɾ˵
ƺûġ
ɾ뷨Ȼⳡ̴úܼ࣬ʿǾ͸ӦмģϾԽ࣬Խߡֻ֮ǰƽùҲΪһ
۹ɵû˵
Ͼɾ޷Щнûյ˵뷨ġ
ڴ󲿷ʿ˵սζֻܻڴ˿̡ȲܻͷȥչǸᵽδ
λɾڿ֮󣬼ڳϣս˵ٶֻвתתȥ͸դ⣬۲ʿ
ͣһ¡Ȼ˵
һǧСӪդģ񣬿ſڵꢳѰʿܲѰ
ƺսȫ޹أûгԺȣҲûʲôݵףԹ߻
кд
˾ܲ˳յøЩ
ѵһһţӪпյ
ʿ״ƳꪣЩĹǹҹɫ
Ҳ
УξվһҲȱȻָӡ
Ҫָӣʱʱܵĳʿǰһһѧ
ѾͬʿˣЩǭżĳһֻ˾ܲҪһ룬̾ˣúܽӽΪн⡣
ϲʲôŰɣô常Ҳǧʯ̫ˣбҪʿӴùǹֱŵһ
ѽ˰ɣ
˾ܲϳˡ
ӵİڽ˳ǣһ·ܶȥ
ֻܴǲﾡҲʱĽȴƤëһܣ˾ܲŵƤ˲죬ĸů֮
Ѿܳӭˡ
˾ɾ
˾ܲ££ڣһ֡
һ֪ûأ
ɾ֮
š˾ܲһ£ԡ
֮ԣηҲ
Ƭʮﶼءդ֡ʬս˵˵Сˡ
ô˲ʵûһ˵ܴͳ˧С
ǾһһĵΪһġ
һսڶҲûʲô̫
Ԭڽɽòüʿʿ
սϵʬܿ²ȥţҶòСܸΪߡ
Ϊÿʱ˻ջǰյʬϡ
ǶľˣЩпʬۣͬҲˣѾȵòĶӪҲûôӺľͰ
ȻѪģսϣźɱ
ͱ˵ԬڳԿ񲢲ں
ݾɺصһɽдӴÿһĿʼվ͵󣬶ûͶս
ǣдľһӪʿ
ÿʱ⣬ʱʿùʳż׳ָ꣬îʱӪ׼ս
ȻһȾһ졣
˫սǰʿǻվ룬նνܾһʱ׼һǰͶս
ȵң˫ͶıﵽձԤޣ½ʱһЩǲ̫ġ
̫ˣսˣʩչ
绹ûĲӾͿԭ£˵˵ɹɹ̫ӻһµıԡ
ΪʿǺ㣬ڲоսԸɾҲеطģԷҲöһЩ뿴ĶԡܷҪԵĻҲԵȥ
иó٣иλãҶ˼գʵ㣬ûʲô̰ͷˡ
սģ˫һ¡
˵գȻ˱ʡ
ǵУξˣ
ǣƽվ״
ĴйһΣǴιڿ̹ģҲڼ˹оʵһжоǳģ
ΪǷţͻֻһǧСӪСУд˵ҲС˹ڦʧ˴֮λ
ľѲʶеһ˿һļ
ԬȷʵҲû˵ʲôĻֻǺʡ
С޶ԼӪ⼸ˣоΡ
ⶼǺѻش⣬ƽһһпϾɫشڵһС
֦һһ㣬˿Ի谵
дɽ¯ڽ뵶ϣɢ㣻
мʿ࣬ɫĪؿǶǸ߹ڲĴ磬־ϸ·ķڣͷ˿һ˿ң
ǣлһ裬˧£ͭοյ񻨣ǵĻҽȴһ衣
ְǣ롣
оտֻһ裬߽ȴú䣬ǲ
Ӿ֮ţֻΪһУξΪɽһӪճΣ
ȻͻأĻһ˵ǣЩоʵСȫˡ
ֻǸжؿ׾ʲôƶһ
ЩԽڼݾˣ˭Ҳ֪ĸͷҲ̼Сٺʿǣû˵ǣнǸôսˡ
˵ǣн죬˽һһأ
ս½ذܣ
ϧѽϧǣΪС
ʲôܲпźأ
Щصشʱǣк޲
֪оƫ˶ٸ̿裬ܽʺů


560 
ΪʲôҪǣһͷ
½ܲ⡣
Ԭܾͻ
˾ܲúܿ졣
Ȼأ,ǣǸбµˣǸ˸У
Ԭıʿ飬˾ܲЦ󽫾ѵ벻ᷢʲô𣿡
֮ǰҲ˵üšһ䡣
˾ܲϵЦһ¡
Ϊϴεļı,θ׳ɹ
ɹ,Ҳǽǣٱһ,½㻹Ҫ׷ʵףξⳡսʤ
λȱıʿϵЦȫʧ,ء
³ϣ˵,С,ϴ,ǣзԬ֪֮ˡ
ʹС,Σδ֪Ҳ
ƺתůЩ
ʹĶҲ,罥ͣˣ̫ɹͷɹһЩů⡣
ԼһЩͷ͡
ʿͷƵʱˡ
ͷ,ܻӣԼӲĵطӡ
ϴԽԽˣкԽⶳ,б峺ĺˮʱּʹҲ޵ĳζ
ʿȻôںɳζ,ϴ֮ͺײڳ˼Ҫϴϴ·Ҳˡ
ǴһѪӪ,ĬһͷڱĲϯϣÿɫı콫ԼֻҪԴڰܽǾһи
Ӫнвʿ½ǿر֮⣬ҪҲҪûտˮϴ裬Ч΢Ϊһ޴¶سԣ߲ǲɱġ
ЩѪ⽥ػΪһˣڣɭɭڵһƬƬĺѻϣĺɫĲɽľӪ
Ӫﱸ˲ҩֻܹ࣬ͨ٣ʿصĻҲֵһС
󽫾оĽģȻأеĶһ䡣
չϴϴõľˮװľ̿Ļ裬з߲ĲҩһЩҩȵģҪŽ¯ȼòҩʡ
Ĳҩܿ챻ζȾˡ
˱һ߽ܹطоϣɢī֭ĳζӿ
󽫾빦ѽӪϣ󽫾鿴ᡣ
ᣬǺ³Ƶġ
ʲôأ
ʲôأ
ŶҪҹɻˡ
ϳǳвȥˣ󣬾нʮ֮ڣ˳ӪҪӪСӪı֮ӪҪе𾯽ʱ׼ӭǰϮӪĵоȻҲ걸
걸Ҳһܲ׵Ĺ
ԽԽأһӪͽճˡ
ʿ˼ͬӪˣͬ磬Ȼһ˯ֵܡʱñխ񣬴ʱ𽥿տ
գӪҲ塣
Щţܴ˵ЦΪ׷Ŵ龰ˣϤľٶʣ
жȶֵŹʿſڣؿ
ôһ죬ˣ˵һӪ˹룬˰ɡ
Ӫ죬ӪĹ٣ӪıˣϵӪоǡ
ʿǲᷴģ뿪ĴӪʱȻֿɬȴһҲ޳
ô߽һӵľӪȥѰһӵ
ⲻΧһİܻһϣֻҪʶˣһҲֵͬܣһҲȥ
ǶĬúܣ֣ͬ˷ԼĹܣԷʱҲǵͷһԵسԡ
Ҳ²ôֽʣȥӪѰɵİգԼǲıдţƭǮٻһͭһȾɫͷȥѰԼǸСѸؽ޲Դ͵Ĵ
µͬʲô˵
ֻŨҵĳζĬĬ£۾ֱֱض¶һǹʶ
ﾲÿ£˺֮ʲô
ܿҲˡ
ĳһ峿н𣬾ǸʿʱȻѾˡ
ܿͬӪϱһ𣬱ȥһӪˡ
ֵûгܾá
һĺİڱӪãֻ˶סʣոµģдһӪĲϹһȦ
׿ճӪԽԽ࣬ӪĲҪ¹滮²֡ĺڵģŲǸ󹤳̣罫Ӫһλãô˵ⷽ󽫾мң
ǱӵīδɣͬĲӣԼٶӪزĹ滮һ𣬱Сڻȥоˡ
еȻҲʿնɱеļ¼Ԭܵʧһֱӹɵġ
Ǵ˿ѹڴ󽫾оϣΪ֤
ûиܵκιԣֻˡ
½սһֱǺȵģް̡
ҲһЩ˵ֻ½ǣҲܻñ
ӹһǧ˵ĴӪ󣬲սƫģݴ½о
Һǣн࣬㣬󳷣û׷½һĻᣬлҽɱУ½ȥ󽫾սܵ˵׼Ҫڽˣ
Щҳս˶˽̾ǣñˮ׼Ǹеһ˿塣
һѵһ½ڣ¹˭֣δ֪
ԬܾȻܴӽСӪнôһСУѡίΣɼԬҲʶ֮ģ
˽ڷǰɫĶسż˵ľӪȥ
ǣüǰһС
ΪУξʱصģǺģΪƵĺ£һֽʣᣬֻձ⣬ûʲôˡ
ƽʱصУ˽ţ˴֮⣬Ƕ飬дд֣лʱҲͬ
˵ѧ飬ǣоͺϲֻҪñӽԼһ·һ裬ƵĹӰͲùζûʲôϵˡ
ƿʱΪԼߴˡ
ƾɵĲϯˣȡ֮һë̺ƵĵɫϿ˷ݣʿ˳ʹ
ȱ˰ȣҪһʯȵİҲˣǸλڷŵһź᰸Ŵĸͷ֣צ
ΪƵǴɱˣ֪ʲôʵĳıӣˮһڵƻ峺Ĺ⣻
ǣлһȦַϸ֦ĩ֮ùζˣһֻСɵ¯յƽƽĶƲˣһֻչɵͭʴȼĻ⡣
ʲô˽ҵ񣿡ʡ
ױæУǨǰں󣬾Щƫξˣиصĵأ
ǣתͷ´ӼСطҲһӾϸַ
⣿ʡ
СϵЦݽˡ
Ҳ˭ǣ˵ͻȥУǰˣΪЧ֮񣡡
ŵ
΢СԬӴľӪûʲôˡ
Ԭ֮΢Цſǣеֱ
ҲſޣֹһƷѵʶӢ۵ӢҲ
һƬǢֻе伫ˡ


561 
ݾľӪǲȱ,ʿҲȥԴԴϵǴģȥսȥô
ȥǺӾҪ˰
ʱƺϲǵĴ,ݻԸݵ˵,ܽ,ȴϳ,ռȻ,ǾͿԻʦ,ô
ʿʵʦ¶Ƕʲô塣
ǻкܴһƬ,ⲻȻأ
ôọ̃ƺϵ̫,̫,ЩѾΪҰ,Ҳ˰׹,Ѿܲٹȡ졤ʱ,иĳׯǽӡ
ȻҪ˰
ĸֻһ߱СģһǣŴһ,Ұϻųͷʱʱͣϱ߿һ,ķֵܣׯжʱܹ
Χڻߣĵ룬ĵ˵,ĵĨĨ۾ȻٺһӾơ
ȵڱĲϯʱЩȺľƾҲһΡ
ܹйǵͰ෿йƨɵͯڣſһ߱֯ϯһڼҸİĸ
ԬƺҲһΡ
ȻǱʿģʵůֲѬ֮ࡣůͣ徻ȾɢȥϣֻıԼ©
֮⣬ǰ˵ģƫҲ˵ģֻһӣЩҳֹ۾ߣ֪
Ȼеʹ֮
ҹԽӪԽʹԽ
ʹǻŷģֻҪϣͻؿѹһʯ־ͷ­ǵÿҪѿ
ǸˣǿһֱЩʹĲֺ֣˫ȣЩһһȥͺ˵ڶֻ˼
Ҫˡ
֪һԺ󣬾Ҳ޷Ĩˡ
뵽λҽʮָʿԪΪԼΡ
λҽʦǳʵڲ鿴۾࣬Ϊֽ֮󣬾ֱظ볹׸ǲɵģ굹ǿԡ
ҩأ
ҽб۾˱
λп֮ĺӱҲûнƭƳȥͷֻǰñڣϳ˴ӪΪһֵٶ˼Ц
˿뵽λ٢
Ӫûûҹ뾫Ѫһһ
ЩսЩгٳٲܴսߡҲƾʲôлأսȻԶʤ
ڰ򶨵ؼָǧȻҹշת࣬޷ߡ
־ֲò
ƺȻһƻвĶˡ
߽ģģĵģǰƺ˵оƺǼһ͡
ԬܲضһʱǸСҪҪһյˮأ
ȵˮõķ۲ǼԲģɺܰȵ֡
Ԭ̾һͷ
٢ǰˣŶ˲鿴ݣ䵭
Ԭô
ģ̾Ϣǣ㰡
ûкӣ
㰮ĺӣ
᲻Ὣһǳֵ⣬Լֽƻǿײеĵ˽ĺԣ
Ѿ࣬־ȴ֪һ̱֪ѾûлȥۿһǸδˣĺվĹҵ֮ϣлһģ
ԬܺȻʹ롤һ
ۺȻܽ
ǲǿڿˣҪЩˮ𣿡
۾ֱƺڿԶҹգס棬Ӵصǵ˼
գգۣƺһĻȤ
ǶǷеĴأ̧㣬һһͿóǧȥ
ǵ־˵ˡ
ڡˡҲЩ˯ھӪˣסڳеˣɪɪ˯ˡĴȻԴ˯б죬͸һ㷳Ҳûеġ
ʱ½Ҳ˯
ھӪûױôڼеߣؿ
ʿ˯˵ģÿһ춼ǰһƣʱƸеһ磬һδʲôȥˣֻų˯
ϵʿǼģʣֹСܹȥóĻºŵøϽ
󽫾ǺģֻҪǴǼʱõӪţȥתһת
ʲôתأ
ЩѾתˣЩժˣ滹ӵĺۼûվĲݣһЩҽȻͱˣһСǹ
ڵģ׵ģѶҪٵһ֧ӪŬػס˵ÿһס
Ǽǵÿ˵ġ
ÿһ˽ʲô֣޶ĸڣĸΣʲôҩܺر
ȻСͻἤĨĨ۾ѧֺҲҪ֣صһʡ
ǵأ
ˣͲǵˡ
˵Ĵôǵù
Щġġҳϵġɧʿô֤
Ĳľңʲô֤
ʷֻ
ʷٻΪģʷ٣еʱˣòͬıʴͬıīͬȥ¼һһһһʣȥʲộɱ˶ˣǶΪ
ֵͨЩЦҲᱻΪ˵Ȥ£ԼĴҲЩཻ˵ʷ
Щʿ֪
֪
֪ˣֻô룿
õȻǼãٵ
ѹںЩֻҪڴǰص磬һ۴һѿأ
ѲӪ̫ʷȿλֿѡ͵ܡ󽫾ʱһ˲һġ
ⶼܾ
һѾյӪϴ޷ܵʹ࣬ʱҪ޳һ
з紵䣬ڵס
Żѣ߽ʱƺѾǸ˵ξ߳ˡ
Щ뿪ɽ纣һµֻصϡ
ֱ˴󽫾½
壬½΢ЦѲӪࡣ
̫ʷ죬˵ʲô촽ŽǾ仰˵ġ
вξһ飬ձɳϡ
ʲô
ԬƴҾƣ֣ξʵ׳ߣУ
ϵЦʧˡ
սֻӰ쵽ʿͬЩӪҲܵ˲̶ͬȵӰ졣
˵Ԭܽϳĵ·ϾԮˣܳԵĶҲԽԽˡ
ԭҰҰģҰͨȱЩҰޣⷽԲʮﶼȾʬζʲôҰҲñˡ
ûС
ЩܵԶĵط˰˼⣬ز⸽ߣҪأѾҰ޸ײУ£Ҳֻܼβأ
ܻ뷽跨ŪЩ˵սԵ壬ֻѻëԡ
һҹҲô˲˯ǵһѻڻһ߿һ߹
ΪЩۣҺ˼ʣǲģϾ⼸񲻽׳ӣֱ߻һ׵
ЩٵЩսòӣǻϰߵشϡ
ǾԼͬЩƽܲһ
ǴʱҲ˽ġ
ǿǸԣ
С½Ҫˣ
ǣǴ󽫾
ӱô࣬⼸ʲôģ
ʲô̸һ䣬뵱Ǽʮݻƽ
Ȼֵȥˡ
ܾЩֵܣһ𣿡
ȷʵࡣ
⻰˵ģҲΪ½
ʤˣǲǣҲȥˣ
ϾʿʹսˣͻؼȥҲ߿һ۰


562 
ʮƺһֻء
ġӪûѵ,ǿʾʿĴܺ󣬷׷׾Ķˡ
󽫾ĴǺܸߵ,ÿǮĹ,ǮҲײ,԰סַ,л̿
ÿֻҪ,ǰȣŪһսƷ,ɱеͷ㡣
Щԥ,õн,ֻҪʡԼ,ٳɶ,ƽʱ취͵͵һսƷ,ǵ,ܸĻЩǮġ
ɱоһˣ󽫾ΪʲôͻȻ˲֪ЩսʬѵҲ֪
ʲôĵط
ʲôس,ʲô˵Ĵׯʲôϴٹ·ߵĳҰ
ѾȫǶսЩֻɨսͻȻЩ財
ЩڰŻȥʰȻҹͻȻ,СУźߵףǼ˼Ķһ
Щһ·Լԥ˳ӣھһɸѡ֮ǰ͵͵·Щ忴׳ĴԼգԼɫӺ
һвôЧסЩߣֻҪһ̭Ϊ޶ٱһɶö·Ƿ׳¶
ܻһ뷹ԣ̬ʶ񻹺Щ飬Ҳ鷳һȺˡ
ݹᾣͯҲδشùȴҲҪӾһܾ񻹻᲻ĵذ
СĵģУξ
С˲ɱУֻҪзԣֻҪзԣ
С˾ܣУξС˵ŮӪ⣬ָС˸׬ڳʳ
СüӪзķʳԼأҪóȥӼ޶أ
һųԵøӳˡ
ңٺǰ´ǣԸΪ󽫾𣿡
ˣǸӺִҵ޶һǻ𣿡
ǵ±ǰҲ󣬶ǻоλñǶԣƺǺңԶ¡
һʵ⧲
ڵʮһϣԬܷһưܹ
峿ûȫߵԷҰûȰСӪ󰴴ӪĹų󣬸ûк纣һγɽʱǸģʹߵسǾپʶһЩԵĵط
Ԭܾ֮⣬˼ʮ
װʮӴĶȻҲôԶܿ÷
һƥƥϵʱȳСϣѵǰ䶯
ˡ
֮ǰԬܾǰ͵ĶЩ𲯲òϣ˼Ǯѹں棬̻ľֽȥж󣬾ץͭǮЩ鱦֮Ķ˭˾Ȩһòͷ
˵ҲԬǸȵıʿģ²˵ߵʿĽʺޡ
ЩԲװǮС룬Ǹε£뱨֮󽫾
½ϣǰʱСپܹˡ
һƾɵַ˳ߴ˵̫˼һظӷܵʱûԱݣҲûͬ񣬵һ·˵ϢȻȣͿʼ£
󽫾󽫾ҵȻű󡪡
˾ܲһü񡣡
ܵúĹе̿֡
ڰ֣˭κְ±ң
侲ˡ
κӣǱŵͳ
ʲΪӣΪͣҲ˵Ǹͳسʿľ١
ǵֱԬܵģȻ³˵㣬϶ͦ׵ġ
Ҳ֪Ϊʲôκӡе졣
κӻڼ㱨Ԭܾ
죿
쿪˫ۣȱȻƽʱǳꢳաôԲţʲô
Ŀ׷׿
֪ˣЦл㡣
κ̸ˣл󽫾̫ˣ
˾ܲ͵ؿһ
Χڴ󽫾ߵĹˣȻ̬ȱʱࡣ
ԶԶˣӣ˵ּ£սʱ
С䣬㿴أ
ţ˼Ҽĵ

һǴ񣬵ڶ
ЦֻܶԼΪ˵Ҳ
ʹǶԼҲֻж̶̵һ˲ΪԬܾѾźͣǵҰС
½㿴һСתͷһ߰㣬ɫɫ˵пȥ
˲ɵֱͦ

¹һ飬󽫾
ūҲҲ䣬Բԣ
󽫾οǣߵūΪפر߽
½һֹֻ֣Сū˼ੲȥ
֧ūó˵ɡ
¹סˡ
ūȷʵһȺʹߣȷʵÿ䣬Ҳֻаˣֻܳ䵱һ֧ӡԬܵĴǰôʲôģ
󽫾Ŀǲݾܾġ
ɳƵͳʱǴһɱ
ֻҪ㻤סҾϱӣ˵ǴҪĽӡͿա
¹һ˲Ÿеͷһѩˮ̾˽ġ
Ƭ̵ĻѪҺһӿ
Ŵ󽫾̣͸һ׺ݵѪԡ
̷ֳһ·תͷܳо
ڵʿǣǽҵĻᵽˣǵĿǣǸū˭ҲԸ߽ţӥǵĽݱͥȥ
󽫾ΪΡ
ɳسں
ŵ
ľ񣬵һ֧ҡѸٵ˵ͩȱֽֽȱС
ѣ
Ҫкã
ȥٴˣ󽫾ڼ
ƺǵ½˾ܲ롣
ģҲɢģһӡˡݰ뿪ʲôʱһ˿һҲûС
һ佫֮ǰκʱӸЧҲǿ
±Ӫ˵иߵͣÿ˷һ
ŵ
񣬡½˵Ů
ŵ
ǲģһЩֵ̿ģŬذԼֿ־Լа뿪
ûʲôµģԬҪһַܹһֲڣǰ˼¶Ѿܳ鵽õһơ
Ȼ֪ᷢʲôҪľֻʣȫעӦԡ
ЩĪĲûӰ쵽ǰߵʿ
˵͹ȥʮûʲôͬǶŶսһŵʿˣڶŶϣһӪʿˣڶӪϣֵǣ˶ѡ
Ƕʮ죬ǻرЩȥͬ۶ʱ̡
ЩʿǶż꣬ŽܵĲӣͬ۵Ѫϻ̤
ǵ۾һ˿ҡ
漽˵ľһµľ֡
ЩʿһǲǱ߸׳˶ЩҲֻܻסظǾٲŴģģĳ
۵ǣִ۱˵ĳìǺĴꪡ
ԬܱĴʿ˽󽫾ϵô
ȻûԬܻЩʲô߾±֡
ֻ֪һЩʲô
Щֻҹսľ񡢻ѡֽͩ͡Լõĳݶѡ


563 
ɫûڡ
ʿǰ,Чܿͳˡ
һŵʿʱͨìֳֹ,ֻ׵йԻ,ҲԻɳ,׵һǲỻ,żҲԻСꪡ
֮ܶӺ󣬴һѸٴһ,ܹأԼ۱ߵѡ
ԬܵĴʿ֧ͬʱ,ȻԳꪶԵС
ⲻܳ÷Ͼʿ벽ս˼öó񲻳Կ
һһǰ,Ŵá볰Цʱ,ϵһҲûжҡ,ϵĳҲаֲ
Ͷì,Щ˵£˽λ,ڸĴʿ˵ЩܴҪ,㹻ìϵ׸ˡ
ЩɵĴʿߵݱǰ
˷ŭһڿˮȴţһֻϵĻ׵߸߾
Ǹʿ˶棡
ɽ,磬ǸСͷĿҲ㲻һ
кȻľ
һ˴ʿļϣҲͷѵ
Ǹ˽Ũܺſ¶˼ݡ
ó̴ꪴ˵塣
˳һζĵֽܶ࣬öƵסԼ壬ìģìȥʱ˼˶Ƶĺ档
ʿꪰΡʱƺһֱֻѾʧȥǱꪲػ裬ֻббﻮȥ
ǸìҲ壬ǶҲ㲻ãֻ̧ۣ˵ڶһۡ
ɭɭ۾Źһ㣬Ĺ⡣
һҽвδĺ𣬶ɶǸì˻۰۰Ǹϴһֺݺݵظһ
ʿؽջ¾
ĵ֧Ųס˵ϣͷȴ̧ģһźֳзŭоȣп־壬а
ӵɫôһ˲һ˵أİ˭ܿأ
ʿꪵһ˶׼ĺݺݵִ˽ȥ
ⲻǽսҲǽĴ򷨡
Ķ̴ЩϸϲƵסЩصģ׻ĳɱ¾ǻɵļǱһ㿪ʼӡһǰ˺졤˾һˡ
սӳս˫
ڼɵıģԬ̨ܸϣ̴ĵΪ磬ڱκ磬ֿҪһսʱѸƿڵߡ
յĻ裬վࡣ
µĴʿȻ¡
ȵ˵ͷֻ½ñ࣬ȡ㡣
һ´멣ɫ͸˳
Ϊ
΢Цһ£Ʋλ󽫾һʿΣ
̫Ѿ죬бսȴȻȷǳоѹŴ򣬵ȻάͲɢⲻò½ñȷʵǺܽġ
ϣĬĬؿ̫ʷھд޲ȱڵӰ
ͬĹԲͬףЧǲͬģѰһֻʿףһȫװĴʿͺѡ
ЩʿǲҲܿȥʿֻв˵ķݶ
Ϊʲôſأ
ΪʲôЩʿնȥȥԾȥ˺һӣͶĳꪱһţʱǾͱ뻻ɶ̱ٺãһߵΪʲôأ
Ϊʿص㣬ҲԬܵص㡣
ЩʿΪҫʱ̣֪ǰյһ;
ԬҪ֧оֱսʱٽ
˼ʱǰߺȻһɧң
ô£
üױܳȥûطʱͫѾȻˣ
ͷ­ڳϣλƣ߶
紵ʱ˵ĳûȣŻ˻Σͷ­͹ȥˡ
ֹһǿͷ­±ڳϣٵø߸ߵģοٵȥˡ
úԶЩͷ­Ŀ֪ʲô˵ġ
Ǽʵͷ­ÿһŶǴӸոսʿϸģ̵ʱЩʿֻʧȥսţʶҲġ
ǻſ𵶣նһֻͷؿǵͷ­ȻԼĳϡ
ʿĺС
ʿںУ
ΪŭΪʹ࣡Ϊͬܵľ޴裡
ԼҲ˵ķŭ
ݿȫ׼ս;иְϷΪʲôֻҪоȫֻ߳ҪʿĿѣԺ󣬱ŭһǰ
ΪǵѪܹ֮ʤʿΪֻҪһܹΪǵֵܱ
ġ
ΪԬѾ¶֧
оȫѹϣ糱ˮһûʿԼԬܵĲʱֵʱˡ
Ϊ˼ʿ
ʿ
߿ʼңȷʿųȥҲ̫ʷڸҪסߡ
ױܻˣ档
̫׹һ
ѯ
ǱĶ
ԬܾķֱѾϳţǣдӡ
սõ켫ˡ
ûзɿ´ʲôһ˲䣬ƺһ
Ϊֻ֧ӡ
Ҳֹ֧ӡ
ΪݵѪҲʤ
ʤ
ʿҲҪܵ衣
ҵĴ
ľӼӭһǰδеܡ
ûٿ
ǸЦ
ʵ֪ôȡʤ
񽣣ͨߣ˭ҲڵƥУ
Ԭܲࡪֻƣʲô
ʿҲʿװĪģ
ӱԴԴϵݺ±ʿһһʳһһ죬ӱݿѹե
Ǹƶ
ԸԸΪƬսڲɱƴˣΪŶļˣΪ˴ʱ˸ֵĻأԼвñսİգ
󽫾
Ȼعһ˫۾ûҵ㣬ȴȻɭɭģɨ˾ʹһ顣
վǰûʧ̬վĺȣҲƽ
彫սƣ֣ʲս˵о
˳һףŶƣųվ￴ʱžûʮһգվӪ̨ϣʱһ
ӪǰǣԬܺ󣬱ǧʿսأ˵
˳ͷ㹻ˡ
롣
ͺ¹ȥʱһ㹻ߵļ롣
Ҫ˳ǧȥ˴ʿߣ죬ʲôԸأ
֪
Լ˵۹ұر೯͢Ϊѷ
˳Цˣ󽫾Ҳ
ʲô
սطңɽԭƽ֮ʱƸɵ佫ժ¶ƣУ紸裬󽫾󺺶²ұԸˣ


564 
̫ܹ³һЩ,һЩ
Ⱦһ˿ѪɫĨѪ۾ȥֹ,òȥþеľȥ,޷ֹ
ڸ˳Ӫʿǰʱ,ĻѾתΪ
½תͷһȦ
һ,ԼľæµӰ
ǰľʿǽһǰ˽,ѳһѡʱҲڷַǻѡȻо٣ҲС,йܣвξʿ
ⱲӶܿľ󣬽쿴ˡ
СУߵļ,˾ܲҲܼ
ûд,˾ܲǴһ׵ġ
ú
ʹ,ҲûذʿǷַѡ
Щûù,ùģùȻδվ,Զõġ
ûùòˣͩ͹,˴ӳⲻ˲һͩ͡
ùڣٹһ,˲֮ͩ⣬̿һ㽹ڵɫɱػȾ·ϡ
˾ܲҲͲɱȾۡ
ǿ
һϲʿͬʹˡ
ȻҲҪһӣô󽫾˸жս۹ʱһʡ
½½ͷתս
һӪʿľɻҽǶЩʿҲװģˣǽϵͷ­˦ڵϣҲ
ЩʿһżףΪ׵佫ѵأ侲ǸУ
ʿǰγԼĳƣȼյ£ǵĿ꣬ų˹ȥ

ֻʿֻĽ۹͡
룬ȻȻ
ѵ˾ܲͲԼЩæ
λὫ˶ƽϣҪһأ
ǲǸóˣ
˲ǣ
ʲôԱ
ôıξιˣ
ңûó԰
ҲҲҲУҵøҼ޶š
Ұ֣ǸģҾûס͵͵˰أ
˵᲻Ǵ󽫾Ҫʡٷôձ
٣ٲձҿɾˡ
޷޷򣡡ǰվŵĵȻعͷݻһ䣬ǻıˣ
Ǽ
˾⣬ʶУ˹Ųӷ
Ӫзԣʲô
Ǹò׺ݵĺӺǱĵһڿˮ
ѻѶȥˣǻҪӪԷжӿɶûͷ­ɳԣ
Ӫǰվʿֲʿˡ
ǵǰձߴǿ׳һ㣬ɴ˻һַ٣ַ֣µ·ʲôģ
ӵЩ˵Ĵžڸǲסˡ
Ǵĺ˵·ǲЩ鲼þһа취һ𣬹ϣţԶҲǸ壬ɱ˵ˣ˿϶ػأִЩõĲŴХ
ȫƤһּӲĵɫٴ֮ʱܿǵĸ첲ȡšǸµСҲڡ
װһıǲܵġ
ѾǱûϣʲôأǽһôһˣȻȫʣǿڳʳ޶ҲܰĶҹ
þ콫糿ıӶˡǸַ׳˵
ΪΣ
ããȻʡ
󽫾ǣΪԬƴײ㣬Ǹ׳˵ײ㣬ǶˣôҹϮˣǼҪҹս
Щ񶼾ˣʶؾʹչȥ
ҹսǵãȻ޴ʵǣǿôҹս
콥ˡ
֮ǰʮ˫ձӪʱ̡
ʿǱһ񾭣˿ڿԷϦһĨ͵ҫ£ǵ˿̱ڵϣݵشһ˼ææһһʬ﷭Լ׺ۣͬ׷ԼĶʣੲݵѯԼ˶ٹͣܲһһ
ȻҲʲôһƽʪ׵ϣѪʪ塣
ȵѰʱ򣬲ŷڿء
ӣʲôʱǾͷ
ÿһ춼ǵľͷÿһ춼ͷ
ֱǲŷ֣֮ǰЩѪӣͷģǱϾܵȵҹ٣Ͼܵȵ潫Ѫ۵ĴأϾ磬ݵؿһ޶ӣ
ʲôûˡ
Ǻɫĺޱ޼ʵġ
˽󳷣ҲһҪ֧ƣʱӪĽ۲û
Ȼص˵ȡ
оѵرƬʬսϡ
ͣǰìں󣡡
ʲô
ʲô
ЩѪ۵ʿתͷȥһ޷Ŀֲ
ԬеĲѣһȼ
ΪÿӪĽޣʿܹêսķΧ
˴Ӻǰһ֧֧ѡ
ǲһˣһˣһˡ
ǱȰﺮ׸ӿµơ
ǵصĻⰡ
̤űѪŢսԼˣ
ǵصĻ⣬Ƿ·ܵȼҹյĻ⣬ˣ
ԬܾܺҺֱܴʡ
ıֻģսȻŵı֮⡪Ҳսĳ̬ʿ˻ȥ
ǿ߳ĺ濾µĹ»صӪظΪսĺ
ڴͬʱǱضæµؽõıӵݵУǱ˵Щ⣬ԱһһʿԹ֮󣬿Ŷӹȥһչˮȡ
Ҳδ㣬ЩѾ㹻ͦѪȵĳҹҿ΢Ϣȴ峿ĵ
ûô
ŵļݾڹǣֲ࣬ȥԮ
¹ûû˳Ҳûл
ɫȥҹļʾ͸ãЩ
ɵڳУǼõġ
ˣҪ
嵹ܹ¹˵زסǶˡ
ϳʲôãʲô
ϳʲôҲûУƽԭ׹ѹûصļֵ

ԳһطԬܲ׷Ȼأ
ǽֻ߲вضүʲô
һҲˣֻôأ
ԥｫԬҲ᳷ˡ
ռ˻ƺռˮͨ˴ĳǳأݵĴ󴬿Խʿʳ˵ԬҪκεط
ˡ
ܰܡ

аΡǱĳ߳Ľ
ƽƽ棬ӳŻ⣬ӳ˫ۡ
ǰоء
ǣ
Լ
ǰ
󽫾ǼУǧݱ⣬ˣδ죬γɾ
һ£µ벻ġ
Щνġ±ЩӶԲϣܳԵõ⣿
ûԣҹս
̫ܹ³һЩһЩ
½̧ͷĿ׷Ϧһ˿ͣץסЩʲôƵĵġ
ǰ
ظһ顣


565 
ⲻս,˼䲻еĵ
˼еսһ˵εЦ
û˸󳷵Ľʿһڷԣ䷹û,ȷûС
Ӫ˵ģһƬ,ڽ£ܶ
½һ֧ӣڳǽ£Ŭüʸ֧ԮΧǵؾ,ͬʱҪ縺̽Ƿе˽ǰӪ
ˣҹɫľܹϵļϡϡ䣬ܾǣǻˡ
ܵĻ£ӣ׼һӪУĴӪһѻ,ʱʿض,˵һû峿ͻֳʤأ
ǵĺɱ쳹ҹ,˼֮⼽˵̨ϡ
Ԭı,΢΢˵ͷ
½Ѿˡ
ƽ,ܡ
ս,Ǳ΢Ц˵½ս֮ذܡ
Ƕ˺ʵƤë,״ĺϣǰһ̿衣
⻹㹻
˶˷ˣܾϸ˼ζŨС֮⣬ֻһ˺˿ļ⣬õģһƿǵʱ򣬻΢ӡ
۽һԵС̵ĴлУľԽ裬ʢʵĵУʵѶõİϡ
ʲôȫõӶӻĽľס
ʳǶ룬ŵسԡ
վں棬ؿ
θڲ̫ãǿһСͣ˱磬½ĿԶһƬ
ȥɡ
ʹһڿˮ
˵Ķӹˡ
ڻλΣõģʲô
Լľģ˵ľġ
ȥε۾ˣֻüǸſڻԵļһ
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ģ˵ʲôǰӷ
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һνңбµ˰æڻҰﾹѰһѣҷսƷʱǶһֻ
úܣûдȥԣԼһҰ͵͵ˣζ
ˣܾãĹ
Ҳûŵˡ
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˿ζ˿̹ĵļ
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㾹ȮҲ֣Ķأ
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սǻҵģģͬʱģǿġ
ǰߺЩƺصֿˣǵǵĿ־Ǹ޷ڼݾǰסá
̫ȫسûںҹƬսֻʣ޾ҹʱҲ޷ִˡ
ǺٳԵ⵰̣Ǽ˵äҲǷֱ
֧ѸٵɢˣƬսϡ
Ǻţţţţǽ˭Ҳļ绰δؾԥģҲ¤ҵģǴģǲݵģǾܵģǾӳʱһȫԸӳƬս
淽ùǲһͷײ˼ˣȴǵȻǻǱĵС
ʣµ˱Իһ·ģϾκһǵ׷һȺ
˼ݾӦѸٵصͣƬҵսѸҵ½ƣϳչľս
Ԭܿ벻ЩʿҲһˣҲġ
Ҳ޾Ѫصʮհ
ҲһһСӪ࣬ϲҲ׼ԼߵͬۻһһҲԼ̸ǾĬ߳յӪأͷȥֻмžõӺȻһ磬Щҹҹߵֵܴ̩ɽ۷һ̣
ǿЩַ½ģȴֻɢӿʿеȷ˴ãôҹڷߣֱ
Ҫֱ
зӿڵĺޣǻＤͷн¡
Ҫй
õ˵Ѫ˵Ѫ
ҲҪսЩÿһս
ֻҪɱУɱ˭أ
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мݾľڴ£øֶ뽫ɢʿУЩѣֻҪʿͣһͣţһһӪоһҵȥ·
ôʿأ
ҲصԼӪĶѾҲˡ
ֻǻڷ׷ɱҪûǰЩӣ÷ȥ㹦͡
ܹ黹սܹ黹ս͡˰ɣ
ңҪô
ųڶĿڡ
һ֧СӣѾսıԵֻصսˣȻûũ˸緽
һС飬Ǵζжϳġ
սԵʱŵǱѪԼů̿п硣
·صսʱϢͱˡ
ʪģȺġЩѾʵĸڱ˯ţֽɢһĳζ
ζԽԽŨңĵҲԽԽࡣ
󲿷ǵģżСսģͣǽȻͬ
Ǹܲһɱ֮󣬽ʬϵװԼϣּЩ˵ıкͶƣҪǰָʾ첻ͬķֹһ֧ΪԮֵĶ顣
ؾôˡ
ũʣ͡͡Цһ
סìվ󣬡˵ɱʱ˭յұϣì
ֶˡ
һһ䡣
ɱɱˣйͰɣ
бۣһۣ󣬾һݹ͡
ɱˣͷһݹͣ
ˣնһݹͣ
ʲôɣսϣӪҲ֣һǮأ
Ǹηηũһ仰ʱȻʲôˡ
ʲôأ
ңֲϱԶЩĵ˶ֻڻУǰӰӡ
ǸŴ󻧳ĹݵĲݶ³ǭ
ҹʲôֱ
еģеģ
ɱǣɱǣ
Ҫɱǣ߱ɱİǻزˣĸ˻ţ˵һ
ҲûϵһǮޣǿ࣬ĺ
ףȹ죬ʱټӣǹʱ˵ҲҪһ뷹أ
ԳԵñģǸİĹǲصЩµģ
ǸŻǸİľƳȥġ
Ҳ˵ҹϵģʧ
ǵ޶Сǿɾȫõˣ
󽫾չǣ
ǵĺҲĸ׵Ļˣ


566 
Ǹ,롣
½ƷгƵϹ⻪ҫĿҪΪһϿս,ȻһЩǷȱ֮
˵Ϊð,ǧȥԿߵĴ
,ʹЩΪȻ½ĺӱʿ,Ҳòп̾˸ִվһ
ΪгһգǱȴ򿪳,ӭ½Ĵ,Ҫиɻˣ
,Ʒ,г͢ľλ½֪,λһ˿ˮ֡Ρ
޷Կ
Կ,ڶԿԼʹô,ǧ괫ѾڽѪĵϵ
ĳΪأ
һζؽעϣҪۣԬܵĴʱ,ûСɷĻġ
µĿ
ǻҵսֱ治,رϢҲʮѡ
һһܻǿÿһÿһƬƴȻǽսʲô
½ųδĺ±һѰ˧ó,ǿ֮ĩı֣һҪĶԷˡ
½ûйսߵ
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н½ô
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嵱ȻеģԷҰޣԷܣǽȻߣսеĺֻͲߣ׵һУľܹܹʲôأ
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ǽй֣ǽ֣
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ﴧһСܸдģ˵ȴ̣ȥӪǰŶӣܻǮ
ǵıأ
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һӶʸƿļХ
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ݾĹҿϳǵĴţҺؿźصļʸصʬ塣
ǻزȹЩʬ壬ǵĽǹǣ
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컹ûѾˡ
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ĺҹô˷أ
սĴܵʿȻҲоܹԼУξǰһ·ɱġ
½оһֱŬάҪɢһҹŬ˵û׷ѣʿȻԼλϡ
Ŭ޵ġ
ЩʿճʱѾվģһһҹɱȻսжأ
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ǵɫӿܵĺתΪ㲵İף紵˻Ұܵǳϡ
ǻǵļѾþˣҲˣϿȱڣʸ
һڿڵشŴìͶ֧ס壬Լ¡
ǲ֣µˣʡ
ݹɱģͬһѪĭ㿴ǻѣ
￴壡
ǾͿ
һƬĻ⣬Ļ⣬һʸ˳ƣмһڻӳ£һ㡣
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ˡ
Ӻڰˡ
ǣȴǵĽŲǵͳģصƽԭϵĽŲ
֣
Ъ˹ɳɤӴ󺰡
ЩƺѾ˯ʿѹˣ
Ȱ
߶߶ʧ롣
ȰɣⲻԬƴ󰡣

ڳмأһܰɣ˾
乭ڵսȥ
һ鵽ǵ˫ʿżҲ鵽һЩֵˡ
˵Щϳǵľϼʿˣҹɫսģ˳ģ߸ɴȥġ
ĴӪ᧿ΣӪ̵ĳǳѽ㸲±ƺʧϱѾƣ
ʱԬһоʤһ
ʱﻹʤأ

λ˧ݵط˳Ŀת˶Ļ
ǺɫģԶȺɽȴһ㰵Ӻҹֳ︡
ԹԬܸĵ֣Ȼڣ֪ôʤ𣿡


567 
½ӪĻƲյúҡ
λ˧ܶòӪ,ʿϼ֮СӪСӪ֮˷,ֲ¹,ټӪеݾݴͣʹԶѷڼˣȻܹʱ䣬ݾӪĹơ
۵ȻҲǺܸߵġ
,,դ,ԯűߣʬ壬դѹס,ꢳѹס,Ҵܹ˲ڽ¡
Щʬϼ̤Ҳ븶ۡ
ȸһЩ,Щܳ,Щټ˵Щ˲ץм仹лܹӳӵĳȣٱ˵Ҳײԯõĳ峵,ǰƤƤɼ׶ͷģﾹȻ˼ŵһ
ЩڵĶһͳڹӪկϣʵЩСõ,ɼ˶ⳡսȫԸľġ
ϧѪƴۣ
һӪٴ
ꪱûУ
ûеĻìҲУ
ìأìֶ𣿣
أ
,ӪеľĿӪɨɨȥ,ȻͣһȺҴܹϡ
ǣͣ£
һſͰĸ̧ͷǻֵ̿
ȥ⴦ȡìһԼӡһǷԸ,Ҳȥ½ӪУξָӣ
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ҵȽΪˡǵ˴ŵǰһγɱ
һ¡
󽫾ҲǸˣӪʿҲǸˣһ㣡
ǲһиѾ˿ҵȣҵȡҵȶǺðաһҲУǡ
ҲգǸ˵ľͰȥ½Ӫ־ܵбǣ
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½ǸƵ𣿣ôȥ
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Щ֮У˸첲¶СҲλεӳڻУ˺ǲ죬һĶҹװأ
ʹǣҲûд𰸵ġ
Щ˾ţţһŽһŵסеìʿţҹ⣬Щ׵ĵ˶ȥġ
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רԼĵˣǵѾսһһҹĶѵ˼ޣֻʣ֧Լûе¡
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վѪϣ
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ƺ΢Цһ¡
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ݾҲ
ЩϪ۳ɺӣоķʶȥɤѾ˻Ƶľ߳ҪǹӣǴŹĹҵսƷص˶С
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վھסڳƣ֮ƣоӿͷ
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ʵ̲סĴһǷ۽һ顣
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ˡ
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ѾҪˣɵоһһжǷƿɳµġ
ֻһע⡣
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Ǹʿ۽ǣˣ߽ʱǸ˿
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ʵʵ壬ڸ;Ҳ˴Ǻġ
ЩףЩӧЩĥѩͷһ㳯Ľ⡣
һңԶĵطƮģֿ죬زκ־ΪתƵƬϣɵĲҲǴʱս
˵ķӦǺܿģ̰Ź֣Ų˵ķһꡣ
ս˻ʿ׹أĲûһ˿һԥǼнˣ羪һײ˼˵ľУ
ǳƵϸ
Ҫһ
ǿᣡ
ǾȻ
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ģʵһ·Ԯ
½Ѿޱ𣿣
и߽ˣս
ô֧ܲ
ôҪʱǧӲȻɱ
ô©ģ
ıʿǾȻҲδܲ³֧
ǾһҹԲʮʿҹɢδ飬ܲ³֧ģ֧ɢ˵İ

˽Ԭܴӳ˼оѡ
Σ
񡭡
·
һǳ۽½ҲضԪˣӪУԴա
һȫȥоս˭ʤߡ
½ѾһηۼŽǰ
еڶ֧
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ڻڻϿˡ


568 
ս˲Ϣġ
Щ˯ļ,һĻǺþƺ÷˿̺Ȼٳɤ
ϮϮ
սǹ
Ҫսˣͷǵĳ֮˾ЩãȻ״̬
Ƭսϵ,ͷԺ嶼Ų̶ͬȵƣ
֧Ƕ
Щú˯һ,췭ظǺ޹ϸ
İ±߶µսʱ,æųԳԺȺȡ
ǰ˹Ŷһ̵⵹սģսϱʪѪ,Ľ,뵵̳,سԡ
˶Եðȡ
һ߳,һ߿ǵЩʲô
Ҳͷ,ǹʿĸЩǰˮ,ǷԸðֻļ
֮,İϻһĢһݿˡ
Ƕѵõ߲ˣ仹ھӪ,͸ϡЩ
λҲûнһԵص,ǺصسԼ⣬ټһƬŽ̡
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,֮󽫾ǽҲˡ
Ĺĵģ΢΢ۣؽƺûעǸױڽЩʲô
ҪҪҪҪ͸ţʴ󽫾
̧Ƥױһۡ
ֿЩ𣬰ס͸ֻ۾ʿ
ˣ
ױ֣ūǰʮƥȥˣֻţ
󽫾ǰΥ𣿡ɽȥˣּһƬ⣬ݿϣһ̡
ǾʣױĵȻ죬һء
ɲؽƬ̺õݿպպϣ

ɵɫ
ùʳǸȥսͱʱǰʣһϨƣΥߣã
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ڳǱ½ĴӪͼȫĵطΣ
лȥкɱԶ
սĳҹδЪ
ȻӴһСԴ̽
ĴӪ졣
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Ӫܹȥˣһܣһ߸Ҫȥϳš
ʹġ
һһĲˡ
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Щ񡢸ˣǰ׾ӵ̬¸ϵդ档
֮صǰðʸʯԼױ
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ԣӦߵĹʣõ˳Ǩͨ
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ⲻǡһ֡˱һ㡪˧ڴӪգǳ᧿Σɱʱ㣬ĵؽʲôأ
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̨ϵȿޱ˳Ǳ޵еľ֮ʦʱȻʿӭǰȽԼַɵĲϣ
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ҲֵġЩѾ˳ƣǰƣã󣬽ƾ
սŵоȥ˴ȣҪԵĹ׼
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569 
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ͶʿΪʰʿ
ߵıʿΪеѶϣ
ΡʱǾΪ
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Ԭô,ǽĳѵԼʲô
Ȼбµġ
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á
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ʱƺͣסˡ
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ڽӲؿ̽ͷ̽Ե߬һѺҲû֡
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ԸΪ󽫾ǰ䣡ԸΪ󽫾Ч
󽫾𣿣пǽ׵𣿣
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½ੲݵٴ죬ߵͲͬ
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ɳȥıʵÿһ֧𣿡


570 
Ԭˣ
Ԭܰˣ
Ȼ½ʤһ̲ɣ
Ȼ,ֻƬ̣궯
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ʣ󽫾ƣǱñ,ϸ
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ΪǴ˳ʳǳԲ£˰µĲ,ǺȲ,ⳡսǵķ̿˿ȫ׶Ĵ̹ǵ
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ŵū,УЩְ,Ҳǵ
Ϲʥʱһһ϶Ǿһģȴˡ
ЩҴŶʢȻ֧Ҫڹıһְ벻,ǻԾТïţȻıһ𴦵Ĺְ
ة,ȵɥʱҪһѧʣһ߶һǣǽĹ,˿˿أˡ
ȢޣǸŹŮʱҲǲĸңѰһźףȻһʮòŮʮһ֮Упظ׵ıӻȻҲܱټΪ٣ٸԽһźףһ֧ٹ̵
ˣЩԭҶïأ
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ʸȻǺ£ܱȲԼ˵Ǹء
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СԽ˵Խ˷ܣ׼Һ뱲ӵְҵ滮һʱӪһҡ
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Щ߶߶ģֺõڽȥʱ½ƺҵҵĶ
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ǵѾƾɵúˣĿҲѪոţûЩĴʿģҲġ
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571 
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ʱֽ׳Ư̸¾ֹ,ɱиһӢϡ
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һ˲䣬ͷƤŵ׶ڰΧˡ
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һãĸ׵ŮϰԬܹ¾ģ־ͷأһµġδȥĸϣڰ岮ϣǼ޴ūϡ
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Ǽ԰ƣ·ĺѾ¶ˮʪȵļͷһҲû⡣
罫죿¶һ΢Цڹ촬ձɶӡ


572 
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״һīɫߵĽۣ,ӳ,ȴ˸еˣרĵԬܾ,ء
ɫܺ,һҲǰձ̧ȥǱ,һ˷ˡ
Ҳܺãδǰһյʧ,һҲˡ
ӱҴҵ,,Ī˵½,Ҳ·,㵱ʧ,ôأһӱգһ֧
ֻֻҪģ
һ½ֻʤ,ûаܵ,Ͼһ֧,սĵҲǵ,Ժӱ˵һҲԶδɽˮĵز
ֻҪԬ,ӱݾλĹǣзֱΣա
˿ԬܵĿϿңڣƻҡҷ,ǱϾûע⵽λϸۡ
ԬƽǲģҲ˴ˣԬߵѰù˵һϤĵơ
ϸǲɵģ滹Ҫ֬Ҫ۵ȾȻһֻɫ󣬲źá
ڵƻ̾䡣
Ԭڰ
ԬԼһһӣҪô۰أֻФ
״ƺûЩ̾ؿһʾйͣй
ȷ
̴ϯˣϹϾع
ʲôأ
ǵȻ̨϶ս
ǶԬұնɣд˰ܣ
һ˷սʹǰʧﵱն
˿ѼĿѣݺݵִϯϣԼľյ
̹򵹣ñժ¡
û˵Щʲô˿ˡ
αϾһƬ鼱֮£д˻Ҳ֮٣ʣɷһ
ϯʱ۷׷
ȰɱȰ
ǵͷΪͷɱ
ʵÿ˶֪һࡣ
ĮΪԼһƣû̧ȥ顣
£оϡ
Ԭܽеľյ£°΢΢𣬸տ˵һ仰̾;ˡ
˶͵͵Щͷصġ
Ϊңȴ棬ֻг͢ѣδ˵ȼ£ʤ֮ʱá
Щ֮ǰµģģӵصϯС
ֻȦˣֱʾҷ԰ο˼䡣
ǣпеֹ
ǳҲ֮ǰ˵ġеķ
ЩʲôԾĵط˵ֻǾòԾ
Щ˲֪Լʲô֪µĽ
ˣɱǲɱȫһ˵ģô֪һأ
֪ɱαػôһ
üЩˣĿⲢ
Щ˻صλϣе໥̸еΣ
ǣлǾú֣ܾĵش
˰ɡ
ȷ˹ȻҪ͹Ȼ״
ǣо˵һ˲䣬û֣һ˫˫۾Ȼ
ӾйĿתҲ˳ͣ
ǣˡ
ڻӪ֮ǣܷ׼ġ
ڳ·յٵģϸ˵Υ˾
ഫƷͬǶԼӵͳԽԽõģýʿȫľżʹָ
ˣӦ˸Ͻȥһǲб䣬ԼжϣһоԮ̷ѾӴôԶϳһ·񱼻ؼݾӪ
ڹԼʹǱǰһԱȽϺǣж»ǿúֹ۵ġ
ǹǲӣвǰ˰ɣ
Ѿ˱ʣǷֱսҼױΧȼ½ֱԮϳǣ֪оźһ˱ˣ½֧Ԯϳǡ
Ѿдһ˵飬רžһߡ
ĿλֱľϯӻͳǷԼ˵ˡȥ
ӾӾµҾ֪ǸϾӣδŽ۱ˣȷʵǷ˾棬ϳǣһĹͣ
ˣҲ֣ǣȴʵ֪кο͡
״϶صس΢Цһ¡
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ǣкȻסˡ
Խǣнǰоְ֮
мʵĿɨˣûǣзӦƮˡ
ȻԬΪʲôȻһĻʲô
ǣҪģΨҪܵǰ
ΪԬȻоǰľأʱյǡ
ľƺ޾ġ
Ҫδһ֧޾ľӣ
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ʿϴˮ񲻼ˣſ֧һ̯СҲˡ
ս΢СĵػţǲòУΪһ֣ڲ۵ĵط飬ڼյĴϡ
ľĺ˶ڵͷ߹ȥҲһ˻
Ȼ˽Ͽŵһľͷ£
ǸӪõڣĿ˫ֶȾ˽ɫһʱûпϻһ̡
Ǹ˵˹ȥ
ˮѥϱſ
ʲôҪ˵𣿡
СɱˣûͷûԵ˵ֻСһʵλá
ױ߳һ䣬񣡡
ͷվλá
С뵱һУξ˵
ӪֻһӵĻЦԳУξҲʲô
һ
󽫾ȱ𣿡
ⳡսǲѾԥеսǱþˣ
ıҲ޷ٵõˡ
Ұ䵽ˣ׵ĺͯ
ڸˣҪҪ֯ҪªվڴڣﵩעÿŴׯİӰ
Ե뵱УξһӪأ
٣ѸſŢߵף󽫾СܻһӪı󽫾ԸСһУξ𣿡
еԻ󣬻ôһݿ񡭡
ݿ
½Ȼסˣݱ
Сݱ
ֲŴǣΪλҪΪս
Ȼؽͷ̧ˣ󽫾Ŵ
ΪΣ
СǻƽСѾ֪ʲôҲµԬµ³ʲô̹Ȼ˵С뿴󽫾µƬ£ǲͬ


573 
ս˶ݵгϢ׶,˫ƽò˼飬ƽʲô̶أ
гżݱ̧ͷʱָźһ,мҲʰ
ǻ۵С۵ؿһһ±ŵ嵶
Ϊ̱һԵϱֹˡ
ǺӰһֻǿһ߿ˡ
Ǳйͼ,ûժ
ĺ˭Ҳûж֡
쿪,ǶȥһŲȽȥˣ˭£
ǣǲսϣɱ
±,ϱƲƲ죬ܲسűһڿˮ
սҲǵ,ս˭ʶ˭أ
ֶ֪ˣΪʲôֵԼȥأ
ҿ
ϱ̧ͷָָ,±Ҳ̧ͷ
Ʋչֱط޷ļ硣
ĿҪˡ
ҹػӲ,˺˪,峿,˪ѩͻɫƤ¶͸Ŀǡ
ǿݲݱУҲ,һήĻԲдɫѩס꣬ӦǻԭһĻ
͸ı£ŲƵ·۶ϵĳꪣֻʫ˲ܸп͵ˡ
˭紺ķأ
˴սԵ߹ȥˡ
ŲԸǰеţڳϣڳԣ죬ǲģȴһ޿κεӡ
ϳǴӪʼ޸ؽÿһդȻϵҪȥпġԲﶼѾ˫ҰˣҲһڻҰϵͯҲһȼŴ̵ĴׯҲһûбȾˮȻҲҲƬģɿõľġ
ǴҸиİ취
Ԭܵİ취ö˵ˣǰûеĶʹӺˣӵ½󲻳ʲôģĺڵȹ̡˵󷽵ĴܼǾڣһʳֵʮԥɡ
ôԴе㲻ѺãҲҪԮ仹Ԭʣûæ֧ԮԥϣӦ춯صսıˡ
Щεñڣߵ׸ϡ
󽫾Ǹ֮ˣЩսص˸߸߾µϢʱǺЩ˸еġ
һʤúңôܲЩ˵Сˣ
ǵ
ǵ
Ӫһֺܿ챻ѹȥˡ
ǹ̵󽫾ȻõõǡԹӪʿ͵
ǣ̲ƽظˣѵǳ𣿣
ְֻ˰ڣǵļߡݡۣůǲҪľϵꢳѵҲҪʱߵĲҩ
ʿǶݵر˵ˣȻе㲻
΢ĩ֮εֹ
ȻǲֵģСܺ˵ҲҪС֮£֪ʤ˶
˾ܲӹӪ߹פмʶģ֪ʿɼԴ󽫾ȷá
ҵɲ̫ãΪ˾ܲ˵Щ˵ҺǿҲֻһ̣ȴˣǵɰ
ˣȻһƬѫȥռ
ȻȺСõģͼҵ׸󽫾֮⣬ǻһ;
󽫾׹˾ܲҲû̧һ̧ͷ
е㲻ģΪһϢҪģ˾ܲһ㲻Ŀסˡ
󽫾ǰȥӻͳǷţڰϣϲ
󽫾Ȼͣ˱ʣܾ㤵ؿһۡ
ûϲ˵
ȡ
Ƿ˵ҺǿСǧشӼݾӪ鱨֮󲻽̧ͷϲǣС
ǣжǰְ֮ʲôϵ
ϸ룬ǣǺγ
ݴ¡
˾ܲ۵Сһ½˵ֻ˵Էĳ
ûЩŻĶ˾ܲϽֿˣˣ˷Ӷ
ŶɰͰ͵Ӧһ
ԬЩ˾ܲĵһ䡣
仰̫ԣ󽫾ȻΪ
Ƕزˣ˵ԬǸӵģҲǴʱٸʲôڧ
˵ˣ
ʮС˾ŤŤӣèͷӥŤŤԴһ¶һĪĵ΢Ц
ԬΪӱ֮ȻһµģκδһʱҲһʱҲ
ʹǺӱ֮һǰܲܶҡĵλ廯ÿһʿʱΪǴʹ뷳ա
ǵĴӪûջһ룬ûҪ޸դûҪ̧ߵʬ壬һɢʿҪĴѰҡ
ЩʿɢˣˡŴʬϰ·Լĺͱ˵ĸƾ̫ҷֱ˷֮󣬾ȣűȥ
Ц˵û취ԬܾڻƺµĲؿ뷽跨һĿ⽻֯ɵǵѪܵһ·߻˼硣
ɻˣҲˣҲ븩һ޶Ҳߵװһݸĸ
ȻֻǵĻ롣
ΪʱӱѾԬܵ־ڵִ£Ϊһ޴ıӪÿһڹϵˣԤ˱Ӫһɫ
Ϊҵļõʱ뽫ԼظǣԬҪ
ԬҪǼ±ǱӲѡһ׳װһǰңԶϳǰߡ
еĶǻᱧԹǵĸӻ˲⣬ҪܸɵļһߣͺǴߵĿһ
ĲҲˣûʲô鱣ҲᰲˣҪģҪɾΪԬЧҲı
һᱣǵĲķʽЩֱҲЩĴ⣬ܲһЩбʣ˵ʮòۣ˵ҪУһŮ
ЩʿĲЩҵıӻ£ǵļС±ǰȫǿԱ֤ġ
ڵ鲻ֻҺǿ
ֳֹģ׳ֱײһһͰʱ䶼뼦ɹ֮С
ЩǭױΪǣһ͵ĺ뿪磬޴ӪĲ
иߴľйҹԼյиľϣ¯ҹȼգЩһ㣬ںӱߡ
ӻûпѴϾҪˡ
ƣûĳȵĲѧȥġ
ƺһҹ֮ƱӵӿǰƼ춯ص
跲˵׳羰ԬܽӵеģԶǸ𺳣
ˮʼգһǧĻƺӺӵϣ˱Ĵ
ֻҪ̩ɽ㹻㹻ʱ䡪Ǽ˸ȥĵģĿ⣬ɫ
ǣжôġ
ܵĳЩ˵Ĳ¼뼵ʣֻҪȻҪľֻȫԸӮⳡս
ģرĬ


574 
˽ˡ
ûл,ӪǰѲߵʿûȵǼ߽鿴ݣͺֹסǡ
Ӫʿܲһ,ܴһãɫ·
һӪʿʶ·ġ
ʶ·һСΪλΪ,ãֱ淽֮,˳߹ʮ,Ǽʮ·̡Ӫʿһ𣬻ཻ˭ɱ˼ˣ˭ѹ˶սƷ,һȻնһ죿ɱһ˾⹦Ϳɾʹˡ
ƣ,л˵,лŶԾδǵʡ
ڶӪʿͳĬࡣ
ʧȥԼСӵۣͬ׷Ǳ׷ɢ,ڱض˵ļžҰѰŷǿˣһ߾ҪͣһͣǵֻԼĺ
ǵܼһ,ߡеҰֶȹһҹʱűһء
˭ҲǸҹʲôʲô,ǵһȻͬġ
ǵǶڶĩҹҲ޷չȻܹĬؼǵְ,һ߾Ѿȥȴδѵʬ塣
쿪ʼٻӪʿͺܲһˡ
ǲԼģǱ󽫾ɳȥľٴġ
ݾǵ־Ҳǵ˸
ǵЩλһսԵεЩѡһͷҲص롣ǳϴ֮˽ϵ·˺ɲҵһЩ׮ϽðϣСĽԼĲȥҲиִЩģһׯҵһñս˫ԣûбҰĹ
ߵʱһġ
Ϲˣһλơ
ûҵ׮ûҵǿ˾ڵ죬½½ˡ
ӱҪܷ󽫾ܿʣɿܵ˻ᱻ֮⣬󲿷»صǵ
ǲܳ٣ѵǾĬĬسԣҲ԰ԼԭƺѾʧϵֻսϵ๷뺮ѻҹɭɭĹ⡣
Ⱥڵġ
ǵβ񣬸Թܾһʱ䱥ʿ
ֲյչӪˡ
ǺƽӪصЩޣЩЩη壬ཻͷӶֹ
ܿɣѲߵʿܲõغֹסǣǽǰһ
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ǣУξģ˵ͬ󽫾нģ
ʿһ¡
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ڵϣżһԶʿڳΣƣôҲѧ
ֳֻڵϣúһµ󽫾͹˳͢ˣǻֻ˵˵ѣǣǾ챿챿ѣ
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һԵʿе㿴ȥľֹؿڣ
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󽫾ɫƽؿ
һӪһν֮һУкܣΪУξ
Ͻͦͦأ󽫾ԿУСһ
ʿֺܲ˵ӡ
Կ󽫾йУ㣡
⻰е֣̿Ͻͷ
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һ£ܿǧСӪı
еʿ񶼷ֱ治ӪﻹսϣҲֱ治⵽Լ˵ĻѣǸҹ］ݾȼĲѡֻǺУһһӪţդҪӳƬ˵ķس
ȻʱĴ󽫾ѾǸȪׯġˡ
ûҹֻ·ϣ̫ʷȱĴý󣬾ֵȥ˯ˡ
̬ڵڶ촫󣬱ܶΪǾᣬֵ֡
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ǣǶϲԥ֮غǿ֪ģĵضԼӺ˵ƣ֣ߣӪХߣʿضѼֻסˡ
ΪҪӺӣҲˡ
˲սȥûһΣȷǲܵڶΣ
ʵ½Ǹʲô˲Ҫ
󽫾½ǹ侲ģҪһ߸ϵİרعǿ
νȡֻһͷöͳ˧뷽跨ʿáƷαװڸһ²٣Ҫʱεѡ
˵Ӻƽ͵ȰοҾʤдǣҲԼݾ֮ᣬ˴֮ʿһ
ҹˡ
ϵʿҲ˹Ƿľϣͷһһ㣬λơ
˽Դ̽⣬۾һ󣬳˸ơ
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СܣӰĽ紦ܿԣһ˱ǵĳζ̽ÿ˯ⶼɢˡ
ǸѬӽդԣƽʱ˭Ҳȥ࿴һۣ˿·
˴Ĺ⣬ſڿӱߣСĽ̽ȥ
һĹһݡ
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صꢳȥ
ŲǰӰһ˲䱻ˣ˵Ҳһ˲
ŲδͣЪܿԶˡ
Ǵꢳ̽ͷҴһܿѡ˷
ǱߣǱߣ
ҪһƬꢳɵļ׾ҹɫȥͨӪ·ϡ
·ǵƻͨģΪûһ˧ὫԼӪ޵ͨ˴棬ЩƣѰʿҪѾܼǵסźá
ȻϮӪҲҪʿôӪԵǾǵְ
ҹӪתסҲüӪס׵Ŀͷʾˣ
ǣǣֻҪҵ·ֻҪɸߵդֻҪ
Ǿܴسӳȥ
ǾܻǸԶڼݵϼ˰
Ϊ׵ǸĻҹﴩʱȻ˴
ӱ
ӱ
͵ͣһģ
Ҳ
Ƭ֮нŲҴǸ󳳴µķȥˡ
ʺȻʶһ£
ҹֹЩ߰


575 
Ǹҹԭƽƽ档
̴þ,һʿ̲סߣ½ӪжУ˵ľӪȻҲ⡣
ѲҹʿҴææǸȥ׷ʱ,һӱ෴ȥ
Ӫһһ,ӪСӪ,м,
ҹģǿԽԼһֻֻ,źҹ,΢Ļ϶ػ,Ѱһĳ·
·Եդ棬˴ˡ
·ǰ漸СӪʱ,ЩξʿãȻĴȻھٵָ߳Ͻ
·ܵһʱ,СӪڵξЩͬ,ΪĺƺԽԽ,Ҳ˲ԼӪʿ,Ǻɵشյդ,첱⿴
ĿԽԽ࣬ҲԽԽ⼸ֻ󼸺޴Σ
ҡ,Ųҡţкҡ,ҹҶ
ںҹľͷߵ˴ӪıԵһƬƬСӪһ,סǰʿ
⼸ֻҲǰһˡ
դӳŻ⣬ʿòİѻ׵ͱ˾ٵǻ
ͬӪХϳǴӪ½ֻ·ںһȣµĽѽµʿסˣɱɱ÷ķù侲侲ģȻҲȥ
ǣȴûĸ
ǰԸӪУξ£ơ
ôأ
ЩУξ廨ţиɾкʿˣĲϸ汲ڼݵũһڷԵ͡
һȺ˴һɫ䵭ѾѺõвǵε򣬱໥ڦҪͳǣɲ㹻οǣбϾûϳǣֻһͱȳأ
Ԭͳǵģ֮⵱ĴҲԣԬߵҲȨΣǣûС
ЩˣΪϡ
˵ױҴܽʱȵؿλǰ齶ûɹ¡ֻڰԴ˸Ϣվˡ
мӱģӪХЩˡ
һӪԲ˾ϵľߣʣµľ˱ɱɴӪХĶ顣ʿȡ˱ײӪţֳֻĴŻһ·Ӫŵķȥ·ļӪҲˡ
ǧ˵ĶҡݴӪ˵ǲֵһĹģǣ˵ȻҪ˼ȥһ¡
ģ֣һʱɫʱڽӪХƽϢ
ԬܵĴٵˡ
ǸǸƯɾ壬ԬҲʮġ
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ǰǣо¡˵ĿɨǣУӳųصһƬǽд˸ת󶨸ǣе

а
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Ҫһϸ˵ҲǾϵͳһڡ
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벻ģǸֹḡĴٶ벻һʲôͬ
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ôֵأһӪֽ֮ӯڶӪ̻
ĩ˴󽫾ܾˡ˵ӳĴʼŴ󽫾ġ
½㻹ǲ⣬˵˵
·̫Զݺܲףһ·ⲻΪΪܣƽϵ󽫾ĵطҪͷģ󽫾ԶЩֲżȮˡ
ˣһԵ彫˵˾ЦʼݱգƤҲҲʣüˡ
Ͽҵصͷ
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ͻȻˡ
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Ǹո˯ѵӣһȾ˲㵭ķɫ˾Σƺһ˿ϣ
ͱȸЩʱʱһñڣĶеԣҲǼҴҸºģ
ƽģƤеɫƣۻһҹû˯
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֪ζʲôģ̫֪ˣ̫Ϥˣ
߸ϵ໥ڦݾеͣĽɫҲʲô
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Ҫ۽ǿ޺䣬òһܽǣиϳȥҲѵһٲźã
עµûгѵһ
۾ôģָţָǣȥȴ㲻ص㡣
ҪֹȥסʱԬܺȻһѪ


576 
Ԭʱ,ŭ뽹Ƭ֮䶼ʧӰˡ
ƺصʱ԰ʱģȥݼĸס
΢,ԭд˵ŮΪΪġ檡,ⲻ,Ҳļ˱ҫΪլú磬Ԭôūأ,Ȼֵǻǳ
,˵ԬڰΰѼվˮ΢ЦʱˮĵӰ浾
һɫۣͷϲһ䵭ɫʻ˾ʢˮ߰
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ƺѾůյ㣬Ҫ˵ա
˽ˡ
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ÿһ˫۾Ѫ,ÿһ˫۾ﶼŶĵǺҳϣԼԼδ˲ȷĽǡ
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ҪǣǵġԸǸɰͰ͵Ŀ飬ǻḶж
ӱ֮أط֣غǿ
½ۣ˵Сɡ
ȺԼׯ԰ز˽ЧԬܿɲԼһܹģȫС˵Դݺ;ӡ
ǵȻʸǣСʲôƾʲôڽڸõһҪôͼôûܵõĶǰְ֮
ԬܱºͶϵ󰲸ѹסЩҺǿѾصĴʱѾ޶ܸǣеκ֧֡
Ǹˣƺʲô֮ڽ˵һӱҵıҲ
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˾
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б䣿
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İͷȥˡ
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һֵ֪oվڸԶĵطƬսʮĴأ¶ľġ


577 
ݾжٱ
۾,ּġ
ȥһʿֻҪһһľ͹ˡ
չڷжһƬĺ
ص̫΢,޷͸ǺصĺˮֻΪһƬİģ޷䵽ء
ʿȫװؼ߹
ǵƤǲҰ׵ģҲ˲԰ףİʿ
ǲǳʹ,ֹ,ðʹ˯ڵ,ҲҪһαѵ
ǾĬǰ,̤Լڵʬǣ̤Լĺ,һǳضȥ
oԸ֮ϸһĻԴ˱ضǺɵġ
ǻѪ,,Ⱦߣ,,ҲһԲ,һȥ
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Ǹڼֶ,ڵϡ
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ǽȴһθһθ߲ݣֹΪǵս
ǺĶ㺴ĶǸƺһ𣬡ʵûʲôͬ
ҡҡͷ
ΧʱĶ򣬼ʹһ΢СĶҲע⡣
󽫾
غһ
ľҲ磬Ҳ࣬ģڳͬѪɵĺơ
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ҲԬҲˡ
̨ϣľʱл᲻Ƕʹأ᲻ÿÿ뵽ⳡսĺͻ̹أ
ԣְ
ûܴսеõ֣ôˣ¸ҵģǲѧģᶨģһһϹŴ˵Щһ¯
¯Ǳ
ͬǲͬġ
ΪʲôΪĵ㹻˵𣿡

ǲ㹻˵κ˵ġ
ǵĲͬΪҽһضԼ˵ҪսģǻʬӯҰѪ
Ǳսһɽ
ǲԼĸɽͬеˣҲˣͬĸɽ

ǰʿһһֿȣ΢΢³Ϣöƽɻסֻ۾ڶܺעԽԽĵˡ
ǣнĿǰƿֿ
У
һжѰƺ֮ǰոӺطҲ½һ֧֪ԤӣסҲ½һΣơ
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̵ģȴ֮⣬ֻ̫ʷȵݾɵĲݾ
ûʲôϡģ򲻳ھսһҲûܹ
μоʱ½סߡ
ͽ˵ӡи׼½ĸɮƶڿ˵ͷ⡣
ǲܵģǣ룬ֻΪвı졣

ʱûʲôҪĻҲûжʹĶ
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Сʱ˳˼Ŀɨһɡ
ԶһȺмţȻؽյתͷЦЦ
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ʱľŻǾ鶼֧Ѹټıߵı
Χ˾ʧӳ֡
ҪҪȥͶԬ
սôƿʮ·ܹȥУ
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578 
½ܿ,ǣһǸ緢ֵġ
ûа취
ѾŬȥԼǰľ룬ϾҹıĿЩУξ,ͬʹ࣬ÿһԼӪʿвͬҪ´ﵽӪУξݸʿʱҪһģôָ½һʹָأ
ȻʱϷ硣
½ǰѾܣݾҲ׼ǰɢо
˫ǰѾ統,ƬսҲˡ
ǶƣⷽԲʮֳŶϢˤˣ,ǿƲסԼشһõĨĨ죬ųȥս,õ,һһͷ,һӾͽˡ
Ҳʲô󺺾۷Ծ
ʿʤһܹѹŶʿ,վһһ,ѿ֮
ƣ佫뵽,ĿԶоرĴ
ǰʿܣȥʵĿƺܴ͸ս
ǲܵġ
ԽǱľأԽоľĺ־
ܡܸᣡ
뽫ս󣡱һ,ɢоǰһͬѹϣΪʤʱ
̫һҲƻһʱס
½ǰʼҪܣҪݵңܳʱ䡣
ҪôоѹڹȥʮҪôֻóشӪ򹥼ս׼
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׼ع³ǣǸǲսΪԥݱݽߣ̣ҲҲһ֧Ԯģ
Ͼָʲôʧ
˿ǣȣǼо̨ϵˣöܷ
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ӱ׳˷ïǵıԴԴϵģ½һһֻܽݽߣ
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ҲǺһ¡
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Ǹտʼߵò죬𽥿ʼСܣȣսӣŸɵıƣ
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ɵ󱼳۶зģڱסĿ⡣


579 
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͵ĺ绹û뿪̤ʱݽ֮С
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Ӫʿǰں,ַ,գǹ֧ڵ,ֻǹͷǰȲ,״ضڵϡ
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ǲҪܡ
ǱǶܡ
Ƕʱ,ǽסеĹǹ
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ŵĹǹʱ¶⣬Դȡ
ԹӹסԷи
һƬƬ˻ɽ𶯣쳹ս裬ҪǰѾ߰˱
ϧģһ˵ʱɱ߰ݱۣͬǻԴԴϵسߣֱоĶ־׳壡
ǻΪ
ĵʱǸ̹ȻϣĿͶ򵶽֮Զ
Ϊ˲û
ǰŵױȵѹײӪʱɵĲҲ
ǵȷԬܾõߴʵ׳ж¶ƤëҲġ
Ԭܲϧʿϧݣϧȴֻϧ֧ԵȻڴˡ
ǱڣͶսΪսһǽ֮¿Ťתоʧȴֳļֵ
ʱǳصģͬʱӯġϵĸӯǴʱ
ɵ෴
֧ովһսսδֱս
ǵЩˣЩڼʱ
ǻûбѾʼȼԼ
ɵҲˣδʱ˿ڱѣѪȾڳģһ
зǣǣǼȶĿС
йоǶſмҲսм˴ϹڽһĨ
Ѿ嵽֧ʵʵıǰ
ײףսײһƥս˱ײҲײڵء
пɷŬսȴΪһ˲ļ
˴ȣʾ
УԮмڷԼսʱһͷ­вҪȴһôӺ󱳴̴ǰء
Ȼ˶Ϲ
вҪΧͳ죬ȻҲͿź佫۳ƴɱĴ졣
Ƕ˶ԷǸ׸ⲻͬӧˡ
ɱ˸߸ɣʧȥͳ죡
ɱɣͬھҫҲԼ
һһ㣬Ѫķ磬ƬƽԭΪ˸ʤһ
Ӫʱߣŵŵʿǰɢߡ
ԬܵоҲǴʱʼΧġ
ѾɢʿʱصԼӪУݾо˺أȴɢĲ֣ıнսģߺƬ֮ˡ
½۾һ
ԬܵĴаಽľ롣
ʹΣʱ̣ȻһδĵѵУǲܲߣԼʤ֮սزǶս󣬳һһѪսġ
çײһǻѪ£ǵ־أıĻѾʧȥЧ
пģʿԬҲˡ
뽫ǰƣͬıһ𣬱ֳֳ۸ߺʿ
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оķӦһģıҲǧΪλ
ǧһӪΪһСУξͳ죬Ҳĵλ
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˵ʱһûС
ƬҵĻԭϣݾƺֹɱɱġ
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ֱǸĨѪһ˰󽫾󽫾ǽ쵱ʤ
ôͲʤأ
ýָָǰ
£ԬܵĴֻһġ
£и佫һװԶԶ
Ŀʱĳ
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Ŀ䣬һض˵Ļһ
Ǽָˣȴ¶һĨЦݡ
𣿣½˻ƵɤӴ󺰣Ԭıʿʶʮأδ˵кԬܾǰɼݾ޽ӣ
ȵͫһ˲ˡ
ǵصļ¡
мݱ˳ꪳ
ݱɱһѪ·
̫ʷȴӶϼҴĶɡ
ҲµĻƽݱ
ǳ󺰴УƬ̺ʶԼмˣΪҪ£ָָ㣬Ҫһ
ǲǿķҲǼڿķ
ĲӪλãɵĺȻˡ
ƥʬ嵹սϣ֮£ЩʬԵʿСࡣ
󲻹ı֣Ҳ΢ûʲôͬ
ǵģǵġ
һ˲հһ¡
ûʲôսˣԼ˵
ʹҲһܣοǵĸ˱ȵǴأ
׼ģҲˡ
йӪʹأ
װļЪóȥˡ
һӮһġӮɣ
Ѿģģ˰
ָֻһеĸоӾľһμУƬҪɺԣһŭ˵ĺɽͶȥʱȻ˱Ϯ
󽫾ɽѶ
Ȼסˡ
ƣֻ󽫾㣡


580 
ǰɽȥ,ȺɽֽС
ǸƬѾսµսսɱݵȺ
ԵһƬѩؿʼһѿΪֹ,ûǸ׺ݣбֱκһӼ,ΰ
Ұ޻Χȴʱ,ЩѪ,˵ս
пȴƽԭ,ǿȥݳݺ,ůϷǷƬս
ʲôֵǽѪǾµļֵأ
̫ʷȽͷժ,ֱضڵϡ
,ûͻصϡ
Ҫͷȥ,Լǿŷͷȵͷ­侲侲,ɣܺȵҪЩˮʪϸͷֽһ
ʿ,ҲһӣǳɶӵӣսҲ޷ֹ֡ǵǰǵ,ȻתͷԼͬ,Ҫһ·
ʿҲһɢ,Щ˻δ뼽˽֡
Ĵ𽥿ʼڣڴڼ̫ʷ²ࡣ
ҪԼıѹסţʿǣڴ󽫾뿪,ʿǵܵ˴
Ŵ뿪ķ򣬽ŵĿͶԼӪУξ
ЩȻڷսʿѪ
Һ
󽫾ҹˣأʿӴ󽫾ɣԲѣ
ʿоķ籩ƽϢȥʱ̫ʷһ
ǲҳ
ԭǼҳϵġ
ٵʿ֧дݣ࣬һ硣
ǵ˲ǱģǰӪɸѡµġ
Ǿϱսųֵʶ
󽫾ӲǣǺܶǮ
һжֲ֡
̫ˡ
ⳡս̫̫ңǵʿһһεɱбĥûˡ
һɢһпܵͶǴģ䡣
һԴ󽫾ҳ֧ǵ
ĳһѲӪʱͬ˵һ仰ҲĳսУǼ粢磻ܴûеؼǻȴ͵С
ģģĥģӴСʿڷսƷʱŪȥǮ
ǶݵģҲûʲôá
󽫾˵̴ؼȥ䣬ϣ޶СһƣϽתһת
ôͽԽˣ󽫾ʿʲô϶ΪԽ
һͷɱʱ̵ϹҸŲţ
Դ󽫾ӣҲӵģ
ôʿֵܼ죬Ϊ
սΣ
̫ʷкϤǸǲóġ
ؿһװʱǺǵЦˡ
Ҹױˣһγǣ˵ֻûҵϸˣ
̫ʷ죬󽫾챾Ԭоȥǣмˣսδ
ˣĿתҵսȻ¶һЦݣһƣ񡣡
κųʹָ˧Ⱥ־һʱͣȥʱɾ
ǣдߵı࣬ǰʿȻϳǴӪǰδǣк
ܺȻҲ¶ӡ
ܴߵʵʿƵľӣǲʱǰЩƫУξôϳأ
ΥֻҪһ̯ɰʮ˸ǣ߾ˡʿæʲô취

λϸ֮ʱЦһ
嶽ǰȥ˵УʱΧǣ
ǰܽӦǱҴɣڳͷԵʲôأ
ƺƵĴǰǰ¶½ǰ
ƴӪʲôĹͣ
ϳʲôĹͣ
ӪݣϳǮ
УУǿ˵ˣԥĿʿˣΪݣеŮ͹ˣ
ЩòҹŮڳУǱȽսƷ
ֻҪһǽ۵ݣЩǣָӵƫУξͱŷһжĳ嶯
Ǵߴʿǰǰ
ɢЩҲҪ֮ɢҲҪ
ϳǾܲģֻҪǸֻҪ·ϵһвȹȥ
ʱϳǶȥ·ϵġ
ˣ࣬Լı½ߴ̫ʷȵױûʲôϵΪֻҪоƾ֪ͷ
֧ǧ˵Ӫһֱ֧˼ɢ
˾˲ҽУ˻ĹˣȥѰԼֵͬܣǸո۾ֻϳظеŮɣֻԼܵò죬ܹһϳǣ뵽סСӵսأ
δӯĲлඣС⣬ֲڵǶϣ½Ѿˣϳһ˵ģôô
ִǰƮ¡¡ĽŲһ³ڸסʱǸʿȻ޷š
ʼˡ
½ɣ̫ʷȣЩµͽһλ佫ųͷ档
ķּֿݿϯӪǰƬս
˭
мݱڽͷӶƿڴ
⺩Ҳʶõ𣡡
ʶʲôðһ󡪡
һʲôʿأ
ɢʿǽ侲ˡ
δɢٱʱ־һȭ
󽫾𣿣
ƣ󽫾ѵҲ𣿣
ǧٴһ·Ԯǵ̰ˣ
ѵʿ𣿣
ǵڶͣ˶¸ͣص
彫Ρ۸ߺ
Ƶ棬ڽգ
ֻҪʤ˽һս
Ķǣعˣ
磡
磡
磡
ţŭţ¼Уײײظͬ۵ĽŲԶĸ̨ȥ
ƾʱ˱仯ġ
սǰս󣬶ɣ½ֻԬܣȻʤһˣӮϳ֮ս
ɣѵԼһ˴µһ
ԬܵǰоٻָӷָǰΪٴαиⳡսĽԵòôͻأˡ
Щûÿ죬ɢҲ죬ǾӵȽ̫ʷָУҲ׼ǣд£оϵǰһͷ˽ȥ
½ˣо졣
Ϊָɢ£ųֵʱһΣڴAʱҲйôһΡ
Ǽ츳Ľ죬ǡڴʱıϡ
糱ˮȥϵЮǣеǰԬܵо
̨ϾӸµעһĻ
þһŬҪɱֱо½ɢȴѾʼӡ
ɫɽͱˡ
ֻǵ˼ʯӣʯ£һһΣγһʯʯźһ·£ֺɽʯ
ʹˣȻ
ʹһʧֻҪֻҪڣǻܻһܼļ׳ֹؼⳡս
½ûԮģ
ͭǽһսðԮ
Ԭûֵܼһ̡
ɤѾ˵ʲô˱ʾȣָȨݽ
һһ䣬ͷҲʱҪըѿһʹ
ǰ󷢺ڵѾȫȻս˱ҲΪսǡ
ǸʱȻܲԾ
Ǹ٣һѵӣݺݵš
ʮﴦеб˴顮ء֣Ϊʱ
һƬȻ䣬˵ǾԬĻ
Ҿӣ


581 
֧ı档
һЩֶ,󣬲Žɳ
ðգΥľ,ϾҪסֻסܱԮꡣ
˵˹𡪡һʱһʱ,Ϊ𣿴ʱԬͬս,ϳʧ,Ƥ֮,ëɸ
ϳҪ,Ҳء
Ҫôصס,سǵû˵Ҳû׷ʡ
ϳʱԼǳǺܷĵġ
һ·,ֻһҹ͸ϵˡ
ʿƣ𣿲ſµ촽ŬҧӲıʱ
ǶǼݳ޵뷨
Ȼǻе۵ģǵƥм䣬ɧʿҲò
ǿǵԬꣿ
ȻǼǵõģ֮ҲûٴǸĳǳأ
֮أ
֮,һһĿսС
Ǵܺ飬ڽո,ѪƯ֣ȻǼǵõģ
ɲҪͰѵһ̣ǹµ
Щ촽ѵʿĬؽűӡ
ѵһ̣½µġ
ǵ˱ݵȥʿڻЩϴ˵ģúõá
Ҳȥɽжܻأ
ǶصĴɷ򣬼ȻǷ˱˵Ķ飬ѵڶΣ֮ʱҲҪƽ϶߼ʮ·ƣ
Щʿķڷˡ
ʹڽ׷ʱȻס˾Եʿ
֧ԮڼݾҰʱɫ㲣˫ѪַҲմ˳
ĳ֣Ѿоļݾеοǵлһ
ڼ˶ԣһ̲İˡ
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Ѿû˾ʤĳ룬ⲻζűذɣ
ǻдӪкоЧԬܵı䣬ǰǣŬ£֯
ӴľӣʹҲѩһѸ٣Ҫһļ꣬Ҫ¿̹ĵ˺ۣ
ģվ̨Եʹмʸ߻Ҳˡ
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ıʿǻѾʹȥƬս
ʹǰҲɱˡ
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Ϊ
ָȨⳡսֵһ𣿣
Ҫڶ𣿣
Ҹ嵨𣿣
һͱһڼݵˣܵӱҵı

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һ˲Լͷ׵һƬ䣬ļϣܺ
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һ
ȵĽŲȻͣˡ
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ļȥⳡʤ
ԭʤ
ԬܵʮճɽѤõĴѾˣ
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Ϊʲôոʱ뷽跨һ֧Ϊһܶ׿ԬԬܻʸyԼУУ֪Ļǲ֪أ
ڳʱУֹսǿ磬ģ޾ģ
ȶеھӡ
Ź֮ǰ
ϲ֮ǰ
Ǩ֮ǰ
졤ʬˮ֮ǰ
ڼʮƬս֮ǰ
ҵ½㻨һЩ
սһȣǸѾʿù˵ϣ˭뵽ǰȻս
ˤڵϣսһеسҪˣһ۰Ҳȶ˹ͷ
վǻĲҲˣأʱʮģֻȹӪԺЩ
վȫ
սɱ̫ʷɹĴϹ½㡣
ĴڣָȨƽ˲ˡ
սһҵλǱս⡱Ĵ󽫾
иׯȻ˫òˣǽƵľͷߣˮʣ»еʲôһѻյ·Ͳԫĺۼϡ
ʿȥ˲Լ̧ȥǸطҲ塣һ°ǽӰ£Ӳûʲôע⵽
עйϼǶݵ˯ˡ
һɲҴҵǰҪ̽鿴ĺʱ½Ȼۡ
ϵѪֿϵļͷϱôĿӶԼı۰
һҲû¶۵ɫ
ֻǳһһֻʱȥ
кܶҪ
ܱһЩǵļݾҪɨսԼЩսдӪӪ
ƺͷ
ɤӺƣ˵ʱŲײļɬ
ٰ칦ɣʣϢƬô


582 
սβ,ȻҪ鹦ڶǰǣС
ǰתɫ˵,Ԭܵ׾Գս,ڱذΧ֮ҲûͶ
ΪʲôͶأ
ѾȥıѾƣⳡսҲκεת
һͼúõ˵
Ӿǰռʱ,֮,,մսѱ,αشܣ
ظìᣬǣƽؿλˡ
һʹǣ˵ҶԵס,ȴԲס
㵱Ҫ𣿡
һϳͬ,յǣ洩һֵ,ոĳɵģīɫĳе,ȴմ˳¾ɵѪ
ҲѶʧڡ
ŵվ,űսıֺһʮǰغˡ
Ǿƽ͵Ȱģûʲô¡˵ٶ,湷,лǮҲΪȻƽʱóȥôô·,Ȳϴֲ÷ġ
ױðĿ⿴ϣλоɵĽԴ±УͶ
ǣǲͶġ
ԬܵΣѴ־οԬֽѪ͸أ
˲ûнʣǧҲûн
˽Ǽ·ʸ
ʵѪų¾ɵѪһν͸
˺ܾãӱʿԬΰ֣
ֻ߲ʿӺ˵
ӪĻѾϨˡ
˸ŷ²űӪ
һһ̽ͷ̽ԵĴ
أѸܵսʤĿֵ˧ʿǵָø죬Ҳий
˵˧һ仰Ҳ˵ҵطŵʱҲˣ۵ġ
۵ƺ˵ԴһѣΣ֪ôӮģ֪һǲģΰɣ
ԼٺݺôֲڵĴֺݺšһѣϵĶһѣ۵̫ѨһһģˣԴ¼䣬գԼҲ֪Ļ
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ǲ֪󽫾ǸңԶõʲôװǸδޱǴôһ̣˴󹦣󽫾Ͽǿݼٵģ
ǵңǵһͷɵӣӿɲ򣬿ȽһҪ죡Ϊͬ۵ҲҪͻؼˣ
ִͨδţһҼǮǴʱô
ţҪǼũҪǼѹҪǼ
Щᱡ˿ҲҪǼˣЩСӱųһʮŮһϸĴĿѡӢʵĺɾԼûãûŮӪͿһֹͬ۵±ΪǿϽףϽɻ飡Ͻޣ
һգۣĴׯͻСȥӰһգۣߵԭҰֱŮҰũĶģ
ЩСԸǵˣͬеѪϣȴֻǹƬҰ
žͿˣſٱһ
֪ߣؽ֣͵ҲͰˣڴ˴Ů̬ǸԴϱֲַܴڵľҽ򵥰Сٴ߳Ͻȥɻûԣ
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߽ȥ󣬻֮ᷢƫʣмԳ
Щƫʸ;ЩЩˮЩʳģЩ׼ʳЩ򷽱۰
ԬܵĺʲңССһҩĶ¯δȼҲǲסŨҵҩζ
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ԬߵƫнҪĶһû䣬յգôĴ
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Ԭܵо˵
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ϻŶԬܹģҲ̫ٶ³ˡ
˳סˡ
Ԭƣ͹
˭йģ
ݹʹúܣԶǼ佫Զ
½ȻйģҲߣ滹й
Ƿݹͣģ
ֱ׳Ѿڿصְλͤľλøģ
ãЩȻŮɲʾͿذڳУǵĸ뼽˰ͨ״ǰǵĻʹˣԼŮǲǾͿԼӰѾˣ
ֱ׳ѾһѺ
죬ֽͱϡ
ƺȻˡ
ս˵ͣڲ𡣡
ʹˣ˵ЩǶϲɶģ
Ǿһӵİѱ߬Щ֤սɱǼõ
дŵˣӣֻҪŻڣһӾӲ

ֻϻӣһڹ浽жٷţִ˶ٸҴ塣
ûⶫġ
ûаܡ
ˣ̵ֻӳϳǣҲûһֻϻԬ¡
ûܡ
뵽ڻǳһ
ȡһɡ΢Ц˵


583 
ֹ,һ·򱱡
ʱܵúܿ죬½׷Ϊ˱,Ӳǽȥ,ԼݳϧϳջλԱϸڵĳûĺӤı,ܶקϳ,㽫ɷ˦ȥ
½,ϰȫ,,Ҳû뵽Բѵųֵĸߵɶ,ɶԶ֮⡣
ҺûķɳȥֻǶͷϵһ
ۼѪĿ,ֻڨڨؽרҵʿ,˲Ŀ躬ߵظѿͷл
,ĮؿһĻ
ԭӦ侮ʯ,ûȤ
ѾŸ۲ǣؽӭһȡ
ֻ΢΢˵ͷ,Ȳ,Ҳͬ
֮Ĺϵƺ÷ǳ䵭룬ֱϵ
˴̬,ּһ䣬ǵ۲ǲ
ҡҡͷ
ƣѼ಻롣
ǵ°,ӱй趲еңԹԵ˵ݣδ۲Ǿô
ƣֿһۣһ˿Ū
߶߶ô࣬ȴƿҪһ²ȥԡ
ô죿
ǸѮ޺õҪǿЩжӣǳ˵Ķӣһ˲ţ˫ȫ
ҰĲ
ꢳﴫ۵ľͷϿĳѪӡķȥȺҲϵǰ
ˡ
໰˵սƣ£۲ǵؾӱƣĹս
ѾûоȥЩˡ
˫ƺһҹȻȥǸ׳ԬڵꢳϲΪ֪رϣɢͷ׷
ʱȻˣעȴڿĨķͣһԵϡ
Щʲô۴ս
ƤںУѽ
㲻ˣֻ֪˭׵ƾɴ멹øһЩ
۾һŵıʿǣǶڵ˵Щʲô̾һ
·ɡ
½ϯϣ㶵ؿ
һĺƤ멣ױͭһվһ߷ٵתתȥ
ȷʵһ൱Ĵ멣ȻܲͬöƤëƳɵĴ£ʱҲ֪ʲôܴƤëůĶ֡
멻رƯƤë⻬Ͳ˵ˣëɫǽģ粿һ·»۳ҵĻ𺣣͸һơ
ûʱƤëƷеζҲ֪˶Ѫ멶ֻһɱİڷ֮䡣
ȷʵܺá
ȲҪ
ô
ܺã˵תůˣеȡ
ҹﻹţתһȦǇNɪضԾԼ°ͣӼȡá
νصͷҲУȻ׼𣿡
Ҳæ˵ԡ
һѪһĴ멣ֿ˿ֺǺǵ

վб硣
Ҵͺá
׷Ĵ󽫾ܵûһ·Ե֣Щ
Ҳ
һ˲㵱ʱϴڻ·ţҶ۲
ȡ
û¡˵
ױǷͭ
ֻʣ¾ˡ
Ϊʲô£
սǺô
ˣΪ˵Բʮ޴ʬ
ˡ
һ⣬Щ𣿡
ʲô
ЩУξξܡ˾ʡ䡢񣬡һ˵١ս١١٣㶼𣿡
ף㶵ؿ
ϲ˵˴ٹ磬Ĵֵڵף˵ӪӸսʱı˼ν䶯ȢǲʣȥСӪ
δ֮ˡ
԰ߣҲߡ
ǻˣΪ˵Ϊ
ҲǾһҧأţźţ˻żֵڣڼսһ졣
ѵ䲻һ˵Ļ
ѵǲõõӮõĽ
죬˵ЩʲôƽѾһĴȣעһˡ
㲻Դǣеļհɣ
գʣʲôգ
꿪磬˵Ǵ󽫾ܵЩʾɣ
󽫾סˡ
һרſй֮ľ磬صҲرԣԬܵоʣʵرڸʮ˵ϯһⶼûУܿԣ
ʼϲǣʱˡ
˵ʿ塣
һıϳǵģݵģԥݵģԶһҲ졤ݵģܵġ
ÿһţÿһһƵңĵرʾֻҪʹ󽫾һƾ㹻ˣǲ䷹Ǿƾͻǫ˳ʡ
½㵹ǾҲУνͬˣ̱ʾǼȻҪǾ͸һ£Щϯ
⻰Ϊܵȥô̵
ȥˣʣΣ

һԼ۾ΣǶ֪飬ֻ͵͵ҡ
ΪһϵģѾ罻ˣһǺܱݣ˭ҲϣʲôǱ̨ʡ
Ŷһ
ܷܣҲһ㲻÷ܡ
ȻҲϰˡ
̫ʱг¡¡Ѿͨƽ·оӪ³ʱض࿴һɵԯš
ľߴ׳ƽԯͷצһ۾ܸܵλյϡ
Ѿǹȥˡ
ױæһӣƫʴͨʿռӱ
֮䲻ȲѬѬǺǺСǾͲˡ佫ֲܴڣµģϸʿɾǾƨɶϯҲŲһŲ
һͶһ죬һ컻һӵĸֵֵˣ
Ǿش磬ȥؼԼ޲ýŮҲһϣûУһδṦģʶӢۣȫҵĸˣ
ȻǸҲδ顣
δ飬ҽ쿴Ҳܲ
һࡪһȻǳԮĶ𡪡ɫѰʱƫһƻĴ멣Ӳǳĳʻֽޣķֹˡ
Ҳؿ˿
ûпЩֻּЦֱķġ
һ
󽫾ͻȻعˣֱ֧֧ˡ
ʼˡ
ˮϯ϶˸ζӷҪͼΣȻңڿţ򣬿ӣ¹⣬Ŀذ˺ụ̈˵߽ϲ£ǳ⣬Сٺ
ԲЩϡĶ⡢㡢ԼϽԳԣҲ鷳ʴֲڣܴá
ҲУкȴƣĽʿӾơӾҲʳģ֣װڽֻʢףа취ġ
ǰպˮһھ죬ζһЩˮȡ
ȵҪʱЩˮȡ
Ȼ֪еĹǺȵľʲôζģǾãδرֶˮľƸ
ƣҵ˼ڳԺϡ
Ҫ䣬ȳЦԬһйĳ͢һлʿһ
ÿڲţôĳȣǴ̵ĻһΧ۴̵ģᶨҪߣһոµĴ󺺣ոµδ
ˣһڣҸźһڡ
ڸֵ󽫾ˡ
󽫾֮Ѿ¶Ĵˣ洩Ҳܾ񣬱˵ͷϴһͷڣϴһոµĳ·ϵһ塣
ǳ档
˶űӣϢ
˴󹦡ֻѾ˵ˣֵһˡ
ڴ󽫾˵ʵʻѾǰˣˡǰ̵ĺΧ۴̵ġͲԴǵĳ̶ȡ
ԴҶ׼˸壬˵ɶֻҪǻһ䡣
Ҿһ಻Ĵѻ˵ȥ
½Ĺ֮ʿ
֪õµһ
ԬܣֻŵӮҲŻԼĶ֣ȣû˭ˣ
ھϯͻȻпԼδɼңҶ˲ԼòƷжδֶһۣ
˵ʲôУ
ʲô˵һҲѸǰͳѬĸɾϸᣬٸпһ󽫾Ҳ
ע˫Ŀ⡣
˫Ŀע
ſ죬ɰͰ͵طһڴʡ
ƺûʲô壬ȷҲ˵ˡ
Ҳ˵ûұʾ
ǵһ磬ӦҲŬĽˡ
ﾲĵġ
׼ıˡ


584 
Ȼ󽫾ɰͰ͵ֻһ,Խһָп
罻ߣȻʱ磬ûҲҪģ
ʿǻ࿴,佫һƽ
ֲ罻һ룬ˣ
սͿ,󽫾˼񣿡
󽫾зӦ,ͷӣһھơ
ظ,Ͻźһڡ
һ԰ȫĻ⡣
ҪΪǳȫĻ½ﶼôȫ
˵ʥµһȫĻ,˭,ֻҪ,Ǿ͵˵һʥǽص,ټҵԬ,ķĶ׿,ӣҲʥǾ͸˵ˣ˼ԼǸҵˣȻһٸʥģλʱʥ,ˡһ족,گλʱʥеʥ
½Ͳɡ
λʥѾΪ֮,Ϊᡱдˣ˵ӣƤ̧ģ١һ㼫,ֲþҪߡһǿɾˡ
ٱ˵ս⻰˿Ѱ佫һ㲻ΪѣЩĻüĿ΢Цǫü䣬ʾս˵ģԼ¹ʵûʲôôġһȵʲôˡ¹Ȼǡսʤ߯սҾͿشһ
Щ佫ʵʵǲҪȥ˿͵ģֻҪڵһ־ƣ⼶ʱԼŶƤʼˡ
½ս̫࣬Ҫһ׮أ׮˼Ҷˣ
ʥУսУ׾죿ѧʣŮ
˹һû壻
ѧʵҲѧʵģȺ˾Ƶʿ˵ǵѧʴè
Ů
ЩеĻô
ߣǮҲ
˵У󽫾ԲøǮȴӹ
󽫾Ȼͷʾ˼ˣǴҾͿԼ˵ˡ
󽫾ʱܻסǸСլԺɣȻôҲзصһλӦýƯլӣ
ܣгȣд̵ӣʯĳŪƯŽȥ̫ɹһΣ
ȻֻҪʾڴ󽫾լǲҪһöǮģ
󽫾һһʲô
ȥˣû塣
Եˣûʲô˼
˵ҵĹ粻
˺ܶѡ
Ѿתůڻ˵˵˼ұǶѾĬܾˣ˺ܶĻ˵
ԱˣͿ˵˵ˡ
˵˻ڣͽˣ˵˲ˣ˵
һڲˮӾƣ죬ٺһڡ
˵˵ĻлӦģ˵ĻûУ˾ֳҭҭܿ챻ٳЦˡ
ǳԳԺȺû˼㻨ɣô
ӣ裬ѽǶһȺϴ֣ʲô裡裬ݼ˱Цص裬ԼԽᣬһҪһ졣
òÿҲǼһģ
оҲˣĺܲһ
󽫾֮ƳǸ䵭ı־һ㲻עĿˣմҴ˵ӻһ˻ңһκӵС䡪˵˵δ̣ΪǰҲ˴󹦣Ȼûнʵʸ񣬵δڣ
֮佫඼ķ񣬹䵭㲻ֵһᣬֲԷģ
ǰˢڸеģ
Ҳ˵ǾͻģϹЩһޣдǣиǸû˸ȤĻզ
û輿ûϵԼ
һ¹ڣ³裬ʹ󾣬ڶ衣
ʱҲ裬ķˡ
һֱڳԶĴ󽫾̧ͷˡ
½ǼʿģôͲܶˣϾרҵġ
ʿҲרҵģѶȶĿ̶һ̨ס
ǵûжû˺ֽۣûգȻûж̺ôжԵͦΡ
ԸλӵĿʱǵĶеּ̬ҲȻ
͹ǵľֹϸںٻصʱͲòڹŴһɸѡĲˡ
˿Ц˵ؾߺ͸ߵͷһġ㿴ʿŬǵ磬ʱǻܵеġ
벻Щʲôֻ͵͵Ŀ⡣
ǼλʿĿɹס˴󽫾Ŀ⣬ġ
һ꣬ոˡ
˳裬˳裬Ӻ˸Цǰ£˿ʼֺ壬ǹά³裡
¶ɣȻЦеأ˸Ȱ³ֱʾֻܹѽ
һҲڳԷȾƵĶͱ³ˡ
˵촩׿۴Ľ·žͺʺ裡
йģ롣
粻ֹ¥ɣֹÿ
С賤鼮нĶǴĴ棬һȷдڹĴ棬иʮλȵλ˵ЩɫĹԡ
ң¶Ĺ硣
Ĺ硭š
Ҳף롣
ӣŮֵܣп˵Լ뷨ߡ
̽ͷ̽Եҿ
һۿ˾ܲȻӦ̧ܿͷװûע⣬Ŀתˡ
СèͷӥѾ¶ɻˣɷɲŸո̧ͷ
ɣɿ
˾ܲ
ϽĿתˡ
Ը롣
ô˵رƷʣǱԻʼǿΪЩﲻʲǿĶѾ·ˡ˵ܲپͲǸʻˣ˱ϲд˴Ķˣǰرغˬ
Щܹ֧ѸٴһսлָĶ
ûУǿŬȥ졣
ȻԴǣ½ͦó۲ܽᡣ
ֹԼڵػָһ¾ʱкȻ˱ʡ
׼ȷ˵ǸǱʣͶ˫ȫȲʡ
Ȼ϶ûȲʵġ
һֱƽڿݣʵӲһɵʲôطȥˡ
վЦǺǵ
갷񣿡
Ͻİƣõúܣ
ͷ
һ˶ݵļžƺһԼ׳ɵĳһߵһοˡ
˭Ҳûпڡ
׼ɪ׼ϣ׼ӣмɾһȸԾĿӹϽһ¹ڡ
˶΢ЦضȻһ顣
³𣿡˵Ҳ裬ֻ轣
ΧȺϵ΢ЦȻһ¡
ˬʵӦˣ
Ǳ轣
ԥԥһ轣ҪԼ裬˫˶裿
ַŵĹأʡ
˳㻹иС⣬˺ģҪһ湫Ա


585 
轣,ȻҪ˵Ŀġ
ׯ轣Լ϶ϣ裬Ͳͬ⡣
Ȼ󽫾ʳ仰,˶ˡ
󽫾轣˶Խ
ؽ⣬ڲ֮ѽ
ˣ󽫾,Īк֮
ǽɻĿת״,һĴȣ
뼸ˣͼˣ
,󽫾˵,ռеСһɡ
־Ƭ̡
ǰΪ,ս,ս½,½һһس,˿,ֽ֪Σ
ҵײۼǰ½ݵ΢ʱûǸȤ˼̳ݽ,˴󽫾,ûǸʸ轣ˡ
Ȼʱлῴ,嵽һ߾УʾǸ
ڴ󽫾³,˼˼轣׼׽˷ܵС̾ˣ
½裡ܲʷ鰡˵ʤ,ҪסƬ̣һ͵ˣܸǼƯϻӣϣ϶ҲҪۿ
Ҷе˷ܣĿģСĿ棬˭Ҳһƫƫ佫Ƕһʸɸӵƣģ
˵ǰиºܸߵɣƫƫһֻ첲ǰԷҪӵġ
󽫾£Ȼ˿ˣһԡ
ʿһߣȴһգڽյǰҴֶţȣ˵ƾ͸ˡ
ã󽫾ܺ˵Źɡ
ʱ½еֵġ
оֹȻеֵʮֳƷ˵Ӧ˵ֻҪ˵崺ĸоҲӦƽľ
׼λὫսʱȻԼʱЩ뷨
˵Īؼ
ܺ
ֹʮλУһҾҼҶҷġ
常żأʱֶЩҰĵġ
ǣȺ۷޵еʱݽһ㣬ɱ˭ɱ˭ôɱôɱ
ҵķߵ伮ɢҰĻĲݼţйŮҪѰǣʿһֻ־סͷϹһߣйҪѰǣʿһͱһѪ
κľﶼ÷룬ʹûһܹļ֮أ常ȻƶֻҪϣ׾ٵعľݡ
Ѿ׼һ
µһ֧ʸʲôıˡ
żȥڶٲ֪µӣڳͷϣٹǰӣҲҪֶɫһڷԵӡ
ʱ½ɲ
һֵڶɱþֻӵһӳ̶һؼѰ棬ߵ˫Ѫ˫տ£߳һ·ҲǶƽԭһССĸΪʹյǭװˣ
ǰ̿ѵһվȴҫĶˡ
һԵ彣߹ˡ΢΢˵ͷϿʲô飬ֻǰνǰһս̬
²ȻԲЦƸʢһͷ
ǳ͢׷Ľҽ
ĳ͢볯֮͢޽
Ҳǳ͢׷ｫǼͤΪŻ˹ٽһһغ
ȻھλϾͳƽˡ
˭Ҳǵĵλǳƽġ
һ˲̳Ľ̳һʱие켫ˣԼʱݵλô뵽ȥ½ġ
½Ľͷ죡
ûһ˫ţ񴺳µһƬҶӣϢһҲûУƮƮ
ĽҲƴ˵еľһ㣬ۻ룬ֻڶĽʱ˳㽫ԼĽĲϡ
㣬Ϊ㲻
۾ûж־ջʱЦһЦ
ޱѾ˰׷ӺȻȻˡ
˱壬˵ı£ȷʵסǡ
󽫾սĻһ¡
ѾǶιˣ롣
˭ߵĸ߶ȣὫЩǵġ
Ҳս˵һ󣬽˭϶ˣ
ͨʿ˲̫УҲû˻ûôصģ˵ҾͺһܿسһҪԱԡ
ս壬ϸĻսȻḻЩŵܴ˼غ󣬲ű󽫾һбеС
ָ˺ˢڸеıһЩġûûյϸﶼеĻΪʲôԣ
һ򵥵ĵ½ֻһ˰۰
һ󽫾˵
žƱ΢΢
һ󽫾˵
ϼŵĿȥˡ
һ󽫾˵
׼ϳ˾ˡ
󽫾ⲻ轣͵͵˵
ʲô
˾Ͱˣûѡɱ˵
ͺȲȥˣֱһƬž
󽫾Ǽոµ·Ī˵һѿڣһӡҲûС
վڴʵģƤûж̧塣
ˣˣ˵ʱȻе㲻񣬵廹ˡ
ͻȻͲˡ
һ
󽫾˿ûв˶ھηؿ
ֱȻվ
ԡ˵
ʱýСꪡ
ǰ͵ΤȻû
ţȻʤ
ҾûȻ˵
ȾƵĶˣԲ˵ҲˣŬӸɷɶӷˡ
Ŀ˶ڶ뿴󽫾ǲˣûСڡֶ
ô˾ܲԼˡ
󽫾Сڡġ
ӣҴգӾ׼սʹյˡ
λ󽫾ʱ·ĥĥģֻҪ룬а취һ絽ԣҲ֪Ǹʲô¡
ͻȻúܽһɣ͸һ
ôʲô
˶Сһ䡣
˵û
˶󽫾Сһ䡣
ţˣüȻأ
˶Ѷˡ
̿ž©¯ȼմеʿ˵Цֵһ
ʹǲ˶Լͬؽסˡ
΢΢ͷⶢס󽫾촽Ź˵κλ
˾ܲսе磬ͷ΢΢Ρ
ʤҵģ󽫾Ҳɨһ۱ǣһֻߣСѯҪҼװ򲻹ǰ𣿡
ӺͻȻǳؿȵ˺ѷΣγϡ
ûʲôá
Ϊ˶Ǹ𾪵ıˡ


586 
о,ܺ½ееġ
̫ʷù䣬սҲҵºߵ˳Ĺһ,ƵϿȦɵ㡣
´,ܴﵽɵˮ׼,ŬŬܹҸ˳һʵҲ
Ȼǲܱȵġ
Ϊս׼Ϊһİе˼˰ʿϲʿҲϲĸӼһźҪü޸ؼҲòѣȲ桤ˢԷĴ˧ƾʲôϵĺŮ
϶ǲ,
ˡ
һֻС,ڳһֻԼСӣҲ´
ͻ˭Ҳҿ
δ㡣ĳôһ䡣
һЦ͡
ЦЦ꣬·ֿС,ͷͻˣ
һƬ
󽫾˲࿪,Ǹɳƴϵɤһ˿û,ӲͦŽ˵ꡪ
Ͳ̫ǫˣ
ûᣬһֻҲ˳
ˣ
ʱΤսΪѾǵѰĸ֣ΪΤĸ׳˵ͷǸ̶,ŲӦö㣬ƫǸˣÿһ鼡ⶼֵܳϵûһ׸⣬˫ȽѸ磬ʱҲֺ
ԵΤ֮ҲǸУʹʽϣһһҲǸ֡
ΪֻһսҪһе඼Ȯֵ
û˺УҲô
սɱֶУʵֻҪоܶʤС˵һɽغϲŷֳߵ͡
ҲΪҲΪݣҲΪߡأΪ֮Ӯ˾Ӯˣ֮ھӮˡ
˵ΤȫͣһغϾ͸ɷ֣Ҳʵ
˳Ǿеֵգǹؼ汸ɱʱԼ۱ȼߣͻԴΪǶܣȥˣٶȻͽ
˶ͬ
һꪴ̳㡣
ֿ羪ףͬʱʹ̳Ľ
һƺϵõס
ⱻꪶ֦Ҳ̰ģջ˳򳤽
ջسһ˲䣬ʽδϵѾһ
Χæˡ
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СһԺǸ˾ϵСӣЩ
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ԭ½սϸ룬ƲٲɫʤҲ̫ˣ־С
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Ҫһ˲Ϊɺ΢޿ɷ⣬޿ֻͣǸʲô
Ԭܴܶ飬ҲûͳһӱҪ½
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ڶƴüŪۣƺнǣȰ˵ѣͬ顣
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Ŷı˵ˣȥľ͸ˡ
үƺûע⵽ЩԼֳŨܵöĴӣǺЦŵͷ
ֳע⵽ˣתͷһۡ
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գգ۾
ʿǳԱ㣬ػȥ˯ˡ
ȻҲã˸߱׼Ҫ֧һˮ׼϶ûģ˯˯ͲԬܵˡ
Ƕڽŵز¡
ϣ̫ʱоʳĵͷǴ󽫾Ǵ󽫾ͷأ
Ҫɨӻ֣ˡ
佫Ҳٳȥǰ˲ĵػͷر𲻷ģˣǱһֻ첲Ƴȥġ
ȹԼľƣӣ΢ЦŵͷҲȥˡ
ǿĴֻʣ½ˣǽ壬û˴ɨ̿Ѿˣûз磬һ˲ˡ
˵ƺ˰
һƣݸ
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Ǹıӣݵط˼ûơ
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ԬˣսԬ̷ߺ󣬳ָ͢÷ˡ
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㿴һпɷһغ˵Ժأ
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ҡҡͷҲԸԺ̵¡
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Ǹ,Իؿ,ʲôã
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ܺãںܶ൱佫˵һܷغѾ㣬˵ͺܴ
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صһιʱڣݿ£ǡң޲¼ɩΪĸԡĮԣȷûУ˵Цܼͥů
ĪˬˣܶһҵӡԼֻˣؼ˹·ߣʳӭԼƲɵСӡ
֪ʷĶˬˬһ˲ˬˣ֮ǰ֮󼸺˹ʱ½һ£ļǹԼķСʱ赭дȱСرɪɪ֮һ֣϶Զһ׷
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֮ܶ½Ӳ½磬͵˻ȥأӼһ֮¶ûСʱʱεǿôɣأ
Լĳɲ꣬ܶ˶йɻ󣬵ûʵǰ
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Ѱʿ;Ī˷뿪ʣ
нʿ׽֮˶ҪôĽҪôͣԷԲһҹ£Ŀʡ
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ֲûûεˣ̾ü˼ĺȴഺ֮䣬ɻô
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ʼ˼ˡ
졤ţΪһ֮ʵ˶磬еʾɲҴ岻̩ɽºܹ߿ӣϯδůԬ½ӣ
ǶǾֳֻƽеӤǻºӣֹͶԵҲǸ߿һۣҺģ˵Ǹݸͨţи飬Ҳϸ
Ͻͷд
Цҡҡͷ
ճͣ͢һδ֪ʾк֮λǸס
һ
Ѿһ֣˵Ҳˡ
Ĭһͷԭ֣Ǹĸ𣿡
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ԲڸݿʿŴ󻧵ϣ˺ܾҲûʲô
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Դǽżȥϲҵ˸ɱİӶʼѾܾúܾˡ
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ҪܳһʱѾغܸһĹ䣬ζʲôأ
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Сˣ˵ǲܱġ
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ںԿȻΪԵǵ˵ʲôֵ˫֡
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˾ܲٿЦеܾúʲôطе㲻ԡ


588 
֮ǰ,ڿͼ
ǳԵúܿģλҳСɾʳ޲ϰߣȻ,ٶȲ
½㻹עһʳ
ͦܳԡ
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Щʳθû򷢸򳤸ӣͺĽ
˾ܲθڱСͷҲһ,ڳԵڶ,ԼҲҨС롣
Ҫ,Ҫ,С,غ,ԵúܺȺ
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˼ͬʱ,Ȼˡ
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óʱʡ
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ս,ʱա
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ǽһ̵һ̣ҧ飬Ѫظǰ壬ŵһҹߡ
ﻹкܶʹǲȥ롣
̫ˣǿ޲
ҪЪһЪԵ㶫˯һޣڹĳ·ϣԶԶʱɹţͻȻٲֵܹͬܣ˺ѷεؿһ
һȺǲٴ̵ģԸǣаսʤԬ̷Ҳɡ
ڶʱһսʿܻܿߣл䡪жߵѰǡ
ʱҪô
κһλḻ¸ֲôǿĽ죬һȥѰһǣհ
þݶɿصĵľͱУʿȥйǵƣŭͿ־壬йֶبŲģ޷ɱӡ
뿪ҵĳкǾͻָһľ״̬еĸʬ̤ɱ¾̡
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ٴΪԬܴˣԬ̷¾룬޺Ԯ֮Χãвܹսģη
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ЦԴ󽫾ηһ⣬˵С
սϵòĶ̸Ҳò
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ǲԳԱůЩڼиòʱһҽʦΪΣٿҩ˼˳£ֻҪ뵽Ķ£Ǿͻˮ
ǵλ߸ϵĹˣǼõģ
ֻҪԸΪսԸ⽫ֻҪǵĸĸ޶͵Ϊַ֯Ǿܵõȶյʸ񣡵ȵĵܵܳˣӳˣҲһȢһޣһӣսȥ
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½ѸǽףҾԼҲӱΪʲôôĺǿƺ⸴֮󣬺ӱҾͬطⲻͬˣԺö֮Щ沢غū嵱ţҲĵûдģӦñȥġ
Щóǿ֤ݣЩ򡪡Щܹ˱ӻǭײͷǲҵʲôȱʳȥʹһǹʱҲŶĸĸ޶ǵļͶʬҲᱻҰеøɸɾ
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˾ܲҪٴȥҲԭ
Ҫ齨һ֧ĻĽʦ飬ϼ£˵ܸЩһۡ
ڵǣ֮󣬻нķ²ÿԷһʿ
ݽ


589 
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²Ҳһᣬ㽫,·,ǳʹ,Щģ˵,ܸ߾;ߣ߲ľֻԬԭĴӪ
²ǵ,ˣɲһ,ÿҲֵֻ˼ӣҪһˮҪľͰȥˮ
µ뿪ϳǵԵɡܿʱߡ
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ЩʳҲϢش߲ڴκ,գǮˣҲ뿪ϳǣｻʱȥ
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ⲻΪʿߣӺ滹һȺˣЩ˲ߣжʿɣҲԽ˷ȥ
뽫˶ְ˵㵵Ķһָֻţܵأ̵ضԴӪں;Ӫÿһˡ
ȻʱÿӪǰԶг˿ӣ£
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СתͷƳЦе󽫾϶ᣬֻһɷˣ
̨׵Ļɫе㽩Ѿࡣ
һ˽ӪʱͷɥƨɳȻƨܵ˲أ黹Ǻ˵㾪š
ϳǴݵϢѾ˷аЩӵļһ
˵Ϣͺˤһӣ˼ȰԬȰ泷ıʿ
ֵƣϴһ𣬻еҪ࿴Яӡ
ںˣ˼Ҵսôദ
ԻƳҪΪȥ̫òһ˹ˢøжȣôĹϵ޸һ°
ѡԼɹˡ
սӴʹޣ˳Ҳϣһڴ졣
޴گӡ緺ұʾԬܵگѾȥˡȻߵĳ佫ܼӷ⣡Ԭ̷ڳأ̻û꣡Ͽ䣡˵ˣ͢ٸټӾ
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ЩضζĵȼȨôһͽӲӵĶ֪ԸΪ
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С˸¹ôˣСԸ¹ô˵ļ́ͷͬС˵󡣡
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ǵȷҲǸܻ飬ϲˣȻԭĹأȴЩʿҪ
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Ѿܾãõʱһ㶺󣬲Ž
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Ҳæҿ졣
޸ҽս£ΣºΣŹΣΣλ½УξΡ
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Ȼʧ˼£Ҳû˵ȥԮϳܡ
ſ˷Ȱ˵Ⱥңչĵҧ䣺
󽫾һѰ˻ᣬ˵˵
תͷü´С
ɹǲ⣬һʣͬ㣬ֵܲɣ
ɫе㷢֪࣬ǱҭģͻȻԼŵѶϵеߡ
ǷǳϿҵؼһ¡
Ӻζ
ݡ
ΪΣ
޸顣
񣿡

񣿡
Ȼ
а취²ĳԷˣ
û뵽û뵽ſھŨü۵ģȻҲ
Ũüۣ󽫾εҮ


590 
֪Ϊʲô,½ܾƻܲŵ
ϾԽʵҲʩ֮ĵṩ籾ֻȥ˵˵,ĪԣҲԵһ͸˼۴˹ӵĲ䣬ƻͺܲڡ
ŨüŲ鲼Ĺ⣬֡ҿĹ⡣
оʲôȻ̽ħɨһɨ,˵Ҳܿ۾һЩƵħ⡣
аɣ˵,Ҫ˵ʲôҲڡ
һѣ
ϯֹˡ
ֻصλ,̽ͷ̽ԣ˵ӡ
Ѿ˲ˡ
һŽĹ,ֻ۾ŻƳ壬ԽŹҲԽ
ܿע⵽Ŀ⣬ĿͶλʹߡ
ƳҲǸˣ΢΢תͷ,Ŀܿͺˡ
һ
ǺϣȻеԾ,ĿջأеɻĴˣƺȷĵ˭
ȷһȦ½½ԽԽ˿
ЩĿ̽д,ʱʱһûĳͺȦ
˽
󽫾ʲôˣ
ǳڵ佫Ǵ֮ˡ
Ȼʿξѧ,û˵ʲô⡣
󽫾Ǹѧˡ
ԣ˴򽻵ġ
ʲô˵Ӫǰһ
ҲӦð
Ȼ󽫾˾ֹ³ֺܲѧһ˵һƷǺܿɿģûΪһڽǶѵ¡
Ϊʲôأ
˽ﵽĿͱøϸˡ
ǿʼͷŵؿ
۾󲻴üëƽƽ߲ߣ촽˲״޵ۡ
Ѿл׺˰
ѵŸԼȥ½Ǵģʵϲ֡Ϊ˽𪣬HH롱ʿ
ǲϵ²ǵûôһ
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󽫾Ҳŵһڿˮ
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ŶһͷȻһض
ջǷǳŹ֡
ڻû˸˵
λѾѮ֪ȥĴͷϵĺˡ
ĵ֣ק󽫾ʱ½һο˵ˡ
۾ֱģǷ˵ĹһƫּϿҡ
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ͻȻܶ˷һĺ
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ιǲ˵ʲôģ׼Ǹˡ
ԼĿ˴ʲôѹ
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ѾǶοµĵȴʱȾⳡѣ޷ŵֵˡ
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ȫظ
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ѾջأЦеؿԼĴ󽫾սϺֱײϺֱײʢ
˶Ȼ
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ٶ𣿡ڴؿ
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ҿֿޡ
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һ˰졣
ʹͨʹ߶ǰͶ٣ҪϢҲܹɵسˡ
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㿴˳ѻ˵ˣҾ;ҽֵò
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ʵǸõģʵʵ˵ܺãҹ￴ǲҪƻġ
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е㲻Ÿôʱλʹ߿ˡ
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Ӧ£һλܳ
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Էһ£󽫾⡭
˵ظһ飬ɱ𣿡
ձе㲻̫á
˾ܲƺȰ裬ֱסˡ
λʹߵ

ôȰɱˣ
֡
ɱˣɱһ֪֣޳ԹֻǱսˣ㻹˵Ļ˵ҲԼֻ˵ȫĸΡ
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ѽƻ裬ʿж߹۾һۡ
ɣ˵ʲôأ
Ƴŭһ֣ߵſʱͻȻͣסš
󽫾磬½ˣµݣҿбǿҪȵþͷˣ
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ûô죬ƳʹһˣҴˣĻᶼ
ͺ
ǵӣתŭǵ׼ΪʧܵĽʷʲôܽʱɺ̫ʷȸͬһߣڳ˾ܲȴһ¶΢Ц
ϲ󽫾óֵ֮µӣ
վſڣ׷ʲô
˾ܲѾֿŵܵŴһ죬̽ͷ̽ԣҿһĵ·ӡ
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˼ƲΪ֪
ʲôƣ
ɱ£ݡʳ
㲻ǲʳҰȺꤵĴ͹ȥ

ˣѾһػˣٷҪˣ


591 
Ʋʵܼ,½˵΢еԡ
׻ƳΪʲôúú˵
һ㣬úȢŮ,䲻,ȴϵ׺,ͬѰ,һϵֱ,˾ȻΪ£Ϊ󽫾ıأ
°ͣоеˡ
Ƴ߽ˬȻܹΪıߣһ̽Ǿ
ô˵,еɵʣҲң
󽫾ʲԴкβ֮𣿡
ֻ£һ,ָؽȥ˵̫
СЦеأ߶ӣ󽫾ֻһ˶
˼ǣ˳ʳ,˵ֻô˵,ԻƳúϡͺܾ𣿡
СϵЦʧˡ
,ġ
һ,Ƴô
ʮʯʳȷʵǸСĿһеġ
֪,оõʳһͱĳĵʳҪö࣬ȻбȻ
һԽ֮٣صˣôܲأ
ɿҰˣ
˵ģ˾ܲһ䡣
ʳҪùˣҲҪżţΪǸҰ롣
Ųأ
һԬָأһԼأûӣ
ϧ֪˾ܲݵ²һ䣬ԶҲϵġ
ͷ
֪
ϵʱʱȴֻϹۣ˾ܲЦȳѵʲôΪ𣿡
Ʋ߾ڼһԺˡ
㣬˼Ǻ˳ᢡ
֮ģޱ֮ԣ󽫾ֻҪǲǧͽ£ǣ͵ǲʹˡ
ϡ
ȫˣ˵ƳΪɶҪҡ
˾ܲһ¶ˡ׸ƨ顣
𰸷ǳ򵥣
󽫾ǲ£һɲǣ
˼ҵȻҪ£㲻һһģ¶ɵģûķģ
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ֻһӶǧ򲻱أ
Ӫеƻǵ㡣
ҴææشӪУݾӵǰʱϱ֧һС¯ǰֹһʱûǼִʾƮˡ
½ɫȻһˣΪβ֮ң
ϱһ˲ˡ
ûɵʣ˵ʲôҩ˵ʲô
˻ƣе΢
󲡣С󽫾ǡ
ָֻڷڳҩչʲô
˭Ҳ˵ˡ
ǲһ䡣
ǣ󽫾ȷʵûʲô
½һͷˡ
һǧ˰˵ʲô£һѵҩƣֱ׳ԼϲʣҪǱʲôǳеҬˮҲϡ¡֮⣬صҲȥҽԺƿƿǻһ
ڼߵĹŴ˵ʲô׾پܹȥ¡
¶ôġ
żҪһʰ쿴ŻôˣʵǷǳһ¡
˻ŻŵҪֹ
ڴ󽫾ʺš
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ݽڽƺڷ
ʱͰˣֻ˼£һۣ΢ƻӰ󣬱ͻȻСһȦͺܿ
½˶еˡ
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ôˣ
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ҲȾŭ¡
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ķŭֱȥˡ
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ϸض
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м޼ҲһŮ̼µȥȥ
ȥ½㲻ΪƺȾĲ㲻ңǲߵġ
ϵ͸ˡ
˴ҩ૵˵һҲȣھҪҺȡ
üʲôҩ
ֲˡ
ʵǺ˽˵һ¡
ûӡ
ûӾûûʲô˵ģ
ĳЩ˵ºܴܴ
лλҪ̳УңȨŶԻλȻϷļ̳Ȩ㹻ȨԼļ̳˳ǰλ΢ӣкǰΪԮֻҪϢ꣬ɷԬܣԼô붼أȻʼı
һһһлһԾŶصȨûм̳ˣͷǳ鷳
ģȨҪһ̳УҪȷһܱӦõٻǱ󶨺ܾãֱȨѾȫȶֱµļšմһᴫͳӦݻ¹١ȡǵλãʱҲѾΪµŷңͬһͬˡ
ûӣҲûп̵ֵܣûһϷļ̳עСʵ۲ŶʮͷС˶ʮأ
õĶӱ
˼һһѻӣ
ҲûŬޣ˵мóĹѾˣ
Ӷʹȶȶʹ¼٣ʹϻõȶģۿɼģûи߷յġ
Уע˾ͻܽǡ
˵ҲиŮġ
ùŮ̳ˣŮвУ
еԷշǳߡ
ǵձ鲻Ǻܳ٣ҲһΪ̳˱ݻ꣬վ͸ˡ
ҲȫûܣֻҪǰСʵۡСʵ۵áСʵ۵岮ֵܣ֮ۻһ·ɱµۺۣǵĻڱȫɵһԱ֮ǲٴӶʵۺõѡ̳ˣû취һֻС˵ͳ˵С
ðڷԼ֧ҵҲɷһ顣
󲻳Ǹ棬Ҳ󲻳ڴɱɱʱ򣬳ʿ塢ˣʲôΧһĻ
ӣСŮ춷أ½
ȻôȨϷĹ򣬵һϷñϷ滻򣬶һϣߡ
һԲϿǧ֮⣬Ҳͳ군ˡ
֮ܶǣж˼ˣܻܿߵ˻٢ϾҩĻλƢôֱӴҩ޲Ȼŭˡ
ˣ˵ںӵҩ
û
ʵ£ȻңҾרˡ
û
ˡ
Ը˵ˡ


592 
еƻĵ,
Ǹĸˣưɵͷŵյָ紺һϸ
ǰʵӱƿ,ŨصҩƮ˽,˵ӳڵƻ£ϺõİһȾϸ,΢΢Ĺ⡣
Ǹ浾,˿̼Ƶɫ,Цˡ
˵ҩЩ,ʵ檱һյˮɾҪ𣿡
,࣬е,ʶض˶ţ㰰Ͷ,ЪϢǡ
ڵˮŮҧһ촽ԭׯϾȾһ˿̿ɫ,ǸľګЩ,ԹɫĹ,һ˿ξͱʮֵ߳ŭ
ӷĻ⣡
һյˮ,ӯӯǰûнӻ,ֻǰ
λӼ½Ҳûô,Ҷеӡġ
ոʣˣ졤ȱܲٹƣǫǰܵʱһʱͱС棬λΪңչ˺լú֮ܿլͱ˴Сλˡ
ô룬ǲö֪ģһЩ԰Եϸ֦ĩ˵ദû
λ˶ǽᰮݲ˵Ը񣬿ص檹ŮһҲֻ֧ܶ齫ղˣȻҲûʲôɶġ
ʱˣ͸ˡ
½ⷽİ֮͵͵²˵ҲẈ̂ڸ̫ˣլֻôˣ쳤ؾãȻ
λһæŽ̹Ůź͹ǽʣһæָӼٳͣһһ߸첹ӹʵͣ
һʱһʱ
̣вµʵ󣬼ʹӷƽҲɲסˡ
ôҿʼ͹Ůˣ
ͼϸͼѮͼ֯ϯĻֹ
Ȼͼǰ;ԶûӰ
ÿһ϶һʷǰʸĵģҪǸ˸ӣںǵŶˣô
ʥͨ˵ĸĸǲǿһ̫ôТʵλʺ
һʮֹϸҰĲĴŮĹọ́
İ꣬ʼ̫ǣŶСʵ۵֣ڳ緢£ˬ
Ҫ̫󣡾ҪרȨǸִλãֻһС
ӼȻסˡ
ӷǲܳǵģӻڳУΪޣŷɶǱ͢ĵˡ
Ӽ˵ҲǾû취һޡ
ʷ˾ô͹ġ
ҪҽҩҪѲ͵ǰе㣬к岻Զ
ãϽȻһʱҲ̬ڳˣ㲻ܺ˼¶ҲЧº˰ɣ
յˮĬŸʷˣͷӿĶ
ЩģģֻͯеĶݶҵƬκͻ棬ֻһ仰һģĹӰ
йɣ֦ҶïϡɣҶϣ̳γ̬չͬһĳǡ
İϤǳƥѩһ׵Ŀţʻƾɿ·
ǲԶĵطг۳һɺн죬򱱶ȥ
ЩҲйĴ̣ЩׯصЩ𣬵Ƹ㡣
ǼݴʷԬ̷ǣƺƵɹƺӣݶȥ
;еİռһĻ̲סᣬ˾ϲ˾ϧƺӱʿϲڴӸ˱ԼҶҪˣϧڴТ̫أܴɣδܾӳˮ󹦡
ƺϰʿϲڼڹˣһαס˹ϧԬ̷Ѿôûͷ­Ƭϣ
ʱѾû˼ǵãԬ̷ʱЩ½ɣڰҲ˵ùȥ
ǺѾǺԶԶǰˡ
󽫾ʹ⼸ЩԬ̷ǶµģʼĽʲôʱҲ޴վڽ̵֦£Ѿݽߵȥδ
ӡԬ棬Ԭ棬ʱƵҵһۣ˵λʵµĽ
֮أ
֮󡭡ƺǴӡسǿʼ
Ԭ̷ҪС棬Ҫ򿪳ţȥų갰ԣǸ½׵׼
Ǹжôأ
ж˵׾ٵС棬кҲб·
Ȼˣ
ֻаϱսҲδɳȻ䣡
ɱһһһһ죬˿಻ѽ
ⲻּѽ
ǲż׶ܱԾģֻôһϸͶԴӵĿʣģ
ƫҪڳ⽨һССӪء
ܵúԶǸӪؼ쵽ÿ峿ܸʮʮ·̻صС棬ȻԶԶ總֮ҡ
Ԭ̷Ҫһ֧ͷǳˡ
ǲǰֻԶԶɧţɧţչͣǰˣͻȻ٣һٿвˣ
Ԭ̷ǱȲЩϱģԬ̷ؾܵǰʱѾԶˡ
λ˧ܽȫעǰΪܵÿ죬ս˫ģ
ĺǰһ©ԶԶˣܾܿͻһһԴʹˣ
´Ҫĸй
£
ԲĳЩ˺ɵǨŭΪȷ޼ģܿӾԸıսƵˡ
ڣؾ͵õ޾
ÿÿ󣬳ϱض죬ƣ
갰ȳɱ˵бÿɱһˣնһʿߺº֮׳ң˵ȴд֮
Ȼأ
Щ֦ҡҷĹӰ£µ˽жʹɫ
С汻Χл̡̻
Ǽؾÿһյս𽥰ġ
ȻóеһϳͷҲԸⰲؼ½УξָӣʣɳǽȴǸȷңԶģԮӡ
Ԯûе
С½ԮԮûܺѸٵصִС棬ǲ֪½ʱһǰδеսҲ׳еĹթĻ
ûϸظǣΪС汻ΧϢѴЩسǵ佫Ҳ޷֪¡
֪
˲֪½ڶԬܺһһ۽ѾûԮС棬֪βȱġ
ŷţҪͽСʱѾһͽ˳С
Ƿŵ;ɣǲҪƼݾذΧġ
ԼݾС


593 
һǳ,һׯֻһ˼ңҪһһ,Ǻܲ׵
ÿ˶Լͬ뷨ȷһ굽ͷ˼ʯʳ,ҪҪÑúȥѧ游Ҳϣӹҫ,ĸҪǮȥһͷСţأΪǮǵԼ,ȥС,˵ܻ֣ĸΪʳòҪ,˭֪ʲôճأ
Щ뷨ջΪһ壬Ǹеܼҵĵ֮⣬ܻҪԼҺõġ
⻧˼Ҳֻһλ׻мֵܣҲҪıǰ;Ķأ
Сס,˶á
õúһ,йǼλسǵ佫ֻǱۣǼ壬ɳ,ȥϳµæµ,ҲֻܵüտڰĿޡ
۹̸ͣϡ
֪ǻҲδʤԬҵһ,ҲֻܿǼͷ˰ˣôǣ
أ
ڼҹҹģúܶ࣬һʱҪߣһʱּȥд̽Ϣϳǵ鱨֪
ͼžʱͽģǺܾ֮ͨһЩӳСҴߣԼݾ²ģƬһϢ
ǷŴ½ƴճˣ˵۽½޴֮Ѿֽߣαٵȵһգȥ֪ˣԥݣѾս´ϡã˶ǧﻹжı
һ̴꣬ǲصģһϸֻҪԼıһ·ӣѵһǳأһ뷹ô졤ݣȻбھҲıһ֮
졤ˣ߾ߣλҲ
ѵսƵⲽأλҪʯ
ǷҲˣǼƻĺҲҲˡ
ǲһţǼ⣬ʮ⣬лʾΪ֤ȴʱɱƽ
м仹ĳЩؾ벻׵ģа취ϼӷǰŽǣǼ¶ľµأ
ŵһЩĶһЩԶ޷õĶֻ̫־壬¶ģעһز߶ҹŵķѡ
һѩҹҹ֮ǸԻؼ˯һ˶ûС
Ž߹ǼʯǵĻլ
լۡͿĴŰֻвĿһ졣
ͷΧ˲Խ
䳤ѣںСһͻȻŷĻǡ
Ϊ׵߲һլۡĲš
ǸԺǽҲ˻ѣڷҡҡλΣԺĻ
һһţֻܹ廧࣬ҲûǼǼҲ½Щʵʱʱ˯£ʱҪʣƣúܣؾҲƣúܣͼһǵһǣºǽȻ½׵ĶĿ
˯òʵ֧ͷѾս˳ʱоѵؾڳͷϿˣ𽹶ʾ½ҲҼ뵽ⳡسսС
ȻѾˣΪеؾͲ㣬ݾѾڳķѩܾˡ
ǵɫ͸Ÿ࣬ƤǱһƿѿڡ
ǼлʱѾÿҪʧȥ֪
ǾǻһǻԹߣƶݳͳ峵Сǵģ
ؾ˺ܾãҹսգǳؼ浽жٵоӦεǲҲҪܾòŪ
ѾٲֱնɱˣҹɫߣȴڳĴԽԽңֱպСİҹʱмݾѾ˳ǽ
мݾԴԴϵϳǽϣջ۳ɺɫĳˮּ͵ӡ
갰Եһ˵زסˣˡ
ųǲģ½׺ܿ͸ˡ
زסˡ˵ǵ̳ǡ
λ½ĺѧһ˲ͱˡ
͢ίҵΣ֮ʱܳϧ֮
ŲɣÿģƵĿ˿갰ԣʶ̩ɽֿܳ½ס
½ûһһǰȻѳģڻ͸һɱĺ⡣
ϳֲʤҲòԮǾ֧Ԯն˵ϸ߹Ҫ͢һ֧ԮҲڴ𣿡
ų죬ʹرˡ
ǳ˵геˡ
Ǹںǣжţ갰Եǹ˲ˡ
ųע⵽갰˵仰½׳˼Ƭ̡
ɰʮˣȥҾӳ˵һߡ
갰ȻԬƬ̱㽫ǣϾȥЩˣ
е½˵ͷǸˡ
ѩҹǵȺпҲûС
Щųı֮ųֵܴˣǱС棬˼ʱ䣬ò׿ũ˷ݣڳ棬Ӫ֮䣬ͻȻһˡ
ӳʱҵûдϣ˴˼ף˴ƥƽ峵װžܡ
кɱںƬҲͣģг߾ʱûȥĽһꢳĸˡ
ꢳĸһҲ˸СӿڳϣһƤë멸ס壬·Ѿ˯ˡ
ϻĽ߹ߣڴĽַȥġ
ԭκΪʯӸƯЩ˵·ˣ͸û¶ӲӵĲɡ
Ѿƾˣмĥëͺͺ¶Ƥӣѿ
ΧһƾɵĴ˯ŵģһΡ
кɱвҽ
ǰҲУԶ
̫ϤЩˣϤмۿԼηǺξ
֪˶ãЩӷҵͣˡ
ѩƺҲͣˡ
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ЩŮҲɫģ󣬿һϢһ澯Ĵ̽
ĿһɨЩǰˣǶģģڶ˵ų꣬ڱȱȻϷ˶ע⡣˶ǳĬ㱵ģֱԶǸˡ
ѾܾûдɵĽڽˣæɱ׷ļˣϴƬƬںڵѪԶЩˡŮǾþɳΪЩŵö˼
ּһҴꢳͷµİ׷ƮڿʱȻ־ãһ⡣
ֻ࣬һ㡣
Խֿ
ѩ磬⽫ʱͭϸһ
һͭĥڳãûƽʹɵһλȻƷˡ
ǰգ־׼ǣܳʿһƬʱȻ˴ҴҶס
ӣͼֻ۾Ӳǡ
Ԭ̷üΪβܣ
Ӵʱǣкǿضǰ̷
ðգҹţʹɹôҲһѻһ֮Ԭ̷ʵβܽͬǽʶ
ͼ˫ºִ۾С
ǣضҪԼʿ
ȻҪԼͣλдʣ
ʿΧվã࣬һʿͼԵӴʱԼǣʲô
߹ڲڳͷģκһڵʿˡ
İʾӲǸһ˴˸ս
ңƷ½һ㣬ŻῪӭҽȥԬ̷˵
ͼ΢ЦͷǸû˵ʲô
֮󣬴ӱǰˡ


594 
С˸롣
һһض˵,ǶԼĽһһµģЩϱ,в˵ļСڳŻʱͿʼ׼Ҫϵļҵ,˽ӪŮæ󣬲軨Ѷʱ,ֻݲһ飬ʹǳˡ
˼Ҳܹ,ųĲ,ʶ,ֻҪһ˶ŻŻŵܣûôɡ
˶ԼҪ׷,ᱻԬ̷򶯣ߵ÷ǳС汾˾Ͳͬˡ
ԥԥ,໥ѯ
ӽǣݱô
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Щǲû뿪Һ֣صشһ
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˸ӽţڴڿ˲ͬѰģҲʶʲô
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Сս˽ʱ䣬ȽƳǣֱӲƥ֮¸סˡڼʬɽѪݾԽԽԽԽƣǵԹҲԽԽ
ڱѩصϺһδųǽȥһδζͬ۵ʬ壬ֱգڻǳء
Ǳ˰ǲŵõ
ǣ
ǣǿԼͬ۵Ѫᣬһģ
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ǵΧֻлѪɫļʿһ˫˫۾ȼɫĻ棬ֲ̣ŭעǡ
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Ѷڵȥģú磬Һܿ죬˽Ҳδĳǳؽģ
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м䣬ʿǰ
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һʱ̣Χ˱߱߿ޣԼļҵԼδ
Ҳһܰʱ̣зط꣬ػԳкͯĸ׵ĺ̽ͷ̽ԣȥһĸ׵ͷûӵһŰ峵ǰУһȰοϱŮĸײҪģ»һʳء꣡
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ϺʱڣһͣҲڴĿ֮£ʹܲͲ𣿡
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ΧĲϱҲԾźһ


595 
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һ峿,Сؽ貵˧Ϻ˸ϽһƤë멡
ûһë,һڵ÷,ͷţʵʵԬ̷ʱ,Ĵ멾ʨë,ڶ峿Хĺоӣͨɢһѹ
һȷȱģ˧־ǣһ̣ϵЦݺȻסˡ
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кˮػƬ԰׵꣬Ŷڶ¡
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һҲҿԣ㶵עǵ˧
ֹһ,ƬɢˣԬ̷Լĸ˵ͷ
ǰɡ
Ѿŵظĵ·ɾˡ
ЩѾջٵķ޷ãһҹķѩ㹻,ݱкܶѩ,һá
Ǵӻһ֤
Ļôѩڸǵջٵķ,Ŀʬ壬Ѫأ
λϵὫʱ˺ôһѩ
ǰ׵,ǰ׵ģԵķǰ׵ģһྻĹ⡣
߽ѩСǣзȻѩϡ
ѩζѩãΪѩûζģֻɬȴһ˿
Ԭ̷ûм˼ȥ
սǰУ΢ЦעǰذΨһɫĴڡ
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ͼʱʱĿ⽻
Ԭ̷תͷʱͼϵЦݾȫʧˡ
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ΪʲôҪС棿
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ǫʱɼӹ̣εؼӸߣΪ졤ݵθǽߺһ棬ˮ·ͨ˴һӿйԮһ档
ⳡΧսÿһ㣬ٿһ㣬ӿ㽫ǳعƣʱսΪһıȫ̱֮У
й䣬ļС졤ȫϵͳ˶Ŀӣ
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һֻҪվ˵οԼǰ޵أ
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Ѳͦöã˵ҧÿ죬ֻ⼸ūֻǸ֣


596 
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Ԭܷùҩ󣬾֮ڣΪͷĵصȴڵĵ
ϸָµһķ䡣
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ȥˮһԲԲ,۾ҲԲԲŮʵ梽ء
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,кöŮɼ˱߲·ء
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Ԭܺԥֱһס
ТĻʵĻҵ߹֮ϯ£Ƿڽ㣬֪Ŷ˭УѵΪļݣλֵǽ𣿡
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ռҵתӱ˷״̬䱸ɭϣǸ֮أԬܸǰʿҹѲߣ˵һֻèͷӥˣǸĴĳӣǶñһȻǲܿһ۵ġ
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ٺӣȻܲٲʵϾӶԲܲҲǸ󹤳̣ʲô취أӵͨǰ£Ϸݿ˵ֻΪ̡
Ԭ˵ⲻཫ㣬һƺӣô˱ˣԬ̷ͺܲһ
Ԭ̷ıһԬܵıԬܵıһԬ̷ı
ԬܱԬ̷ûϵҪɹͱԼɡ
½㣬һͳڵ˶Ժġĸʲôתů¶κ־ΪתƣʱӵȻͨˣ˳ڵԽԽϣġ
ˣĹͣûأΧʲôأ
ս䣬޾ͱʾˡ
½е㲻⣬ǼŰķꡣ
žеҧָ׵ӡ
ֱڽˡ
Ҳɻ󣬡˵Ԭʲôɡ
ˣƳһ顣
Ϊţ˵Ԭ̷Χʱɽʱȴ伲硣
Ԭ̷ôأ
˵֡
ضˡ
½ĴмҹҲ׷ϣοƣûȥ׷
Ǹ֪ӹǿܾˣԬ̷Ǹս佫ĥĥûԮⶼ²
СһӣŮʿ࣬ϢЩʳҲȻԬ̷װʵ£;ʱҪװˣ˳ǣһ·ӣ̫
Ԭ̷˭Ҳû
û;Ӷ·߶ڹũܼƥ̶ֳȵӶ
оٶȼģ谭оĶˣդ񡢱صļҾߡ·Ա
Ԭ̷һҲЩԱڱӹϣʲô³
ʮҹʮһ߰·ܿ͸ϵƺԱߡ
˵ȴҲȣɺʱд㸲˲ʿ˻ƺӣǹǲ룬һ·ͱȥˡ
Ŷţͷ
޿Ҫץˡ
кμ⣿
˽˵ǺˣǸТ˳ӡ
޳ץˡ
Ҳµ˱Ԭб䰡
Ŷе㲻ģҲҰ
еĵܳˣӭ滹ײɡ
Ĳɻؽʣתͷֿ˼ۡ
ιʧ̬
֪˵ңһˡ
üͷһ壬ƺо²򵥡
Բѷ
Ƿݹȥ
һֻſˡ
֮󣬻Ȼ
Ԭ̷յҪʱǺƽġ
ȻֵºͶТʹߴ׵ΣڵõһжõϢ󣬻ʹ߳һٷ
ھĵƹ·ֽҪ˱ƽԭʱȻһЩĵط
ȡǷ鲻ǸдǸ˵д
ǲʻּһİĸо
ⲻʲôԼ˵һܣߵЩ䶯
Ҫӡġ
еǹӡԬǼ˻һĹӡ
֮⣬дӸһԼӡŲдģֻҪԿ󣬾ͻôһ
ӡǶԬ̷˵Ҫ
ʱᣬսЩصմմϲø״Լվ˲ֻͬЩ׷ǹʵҵοԬ̷ܹ黹Ǻ֣صؿ¡
ЩԬϰߴ޸ġ
һţûԬܵӡ


597 
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һΣһΡ
ˮεһ,һ
ʵ,ȴһ㡣
լۡƻͨӰЩ۵ģЩǼʿģЩŮģЩǹ˵ġ
ЩڴϣذϣˮϵӰǻᶯġ
紵ӣӰᶯ,ˮ©,Ӱᶯ˴Ԭܵʱ,Ӱᶯ
кѻ֦ͷעһĻ,оֱ˼顣
ôˣôһأ
ôӴһլۡ,ֻи©ػӦĿ̽أ
լۡȻ˵,ֻŹصúϡ
ǣ͵֣߹һһصĳȣĽŲᣬ͵ĽŲҲᣬһյƣСլۡϽǵС¥,ƻصĿҲͶ˵
һ֪¥ݵԵʣЩڼݽԵʣξȻԵɫܲ
Ԭоûôˡ
ò£Ŀɫ㲡
ºͶ̵ʺԬܵĲ飬ҿ㲣һҹڸǰ̼ԵʣҪТʲôǱģֱۣ֤أ
Ԭв΢Цһ¡
˵еΪӣȻǲ̼ġ
ԴӸ󣬾Ϊ̼ҩ̫࣬ҪרĴǴС񼴿ɣǰ
ڸ׵кìܡ
ȾףĸԸҪǰµչ˸һ̡
ҲҪʱʱڸߣ˰ʾڸλãԴ˻֧֣ΪݵƷһڷ̳ơ
޷ʱʱڸߣҪ׼Լķ籩
ֳһձһսˡ
ƽؿԬһۡ
ӵ飿
Ԭгһ£
Ԭȷд⡣ε˵һ䣬Ԭ޷رܣֻӲͷƤͷ
ǡ
Цˡ
Ԭأ֮¾ӣӾı񰡣
ԬзϵֺȻսۣȴǿѹƽ
սأսпͣǺܿġ
˴¹죬ǣйͣӱΧӣԬ˱һľ֧治֪˭ģս˽֪ЦѵУҲ㲻ս𣿡
Ӣֳϣڸֳ׺ݵı飬Ҫң
ƺû˵ʲôĻ
ֵĹϵԣЩѾ㹻̼˵һ룬ԬȻ̲ס˼һ롣
ø׿أȴǸ׶һ޶ѡ
ֳս½֪
Ҫֳ
ʲô
΢Ц
üҵ£˵ʸ֮ˣŻǷ
׼мլĸƹܣǰլģȻ
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Ԭ°ܣȺ𣬹ӺβΪԬǣ˵
ӳĬ˺ܾá
ҷǳ˲ҡ
ֻҪ˵£ӶλıʿеʱʶʱȻת⡣
ʶʱأ
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紺ĺͻȻ˹ҡҡӡ
ȻҲҡҡӳһƬӰ
ııʮȫʮ

һԵ޷رܵ⣺Ԭܣĸף֮ӱʿŷû
һɽӻĺӣ
ҲһɽͶӰȫ磡
֪ŭô죿
ŭô죿
Ԭ͵ش˸£
۾üͷı촽Ϊֿ־Ծس鴤
κȻ֣ϡ
ֺֻȣܸһ鱻һʯͷ
һʯĳˣŻеһֻ֡
ӣͶеԬУܹ֮ǲصͿء
ԬлصԼʱѾܾá
λĸŹͺͺıڣŲʱδתͷ
Щ£ԭҲسȥ

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ĶӣҲԬܵĶӣԵ
۾ܴȴʧ˹ʣˮĬգ򦻬䡣
һʧȥġ
ô˵
ҪδֹȨƱ˵ܲٻҡԬ˵
˵¶ϲɫϲѶҲ
ĸ
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Ҹ֪οң
Ԭܻ˯ʱԽԽˡ
ѷҹҲԼδɵ¡
˵Ӧѯߣɾʱ
졤ݸϻأִ˱·;ңԶһ࣬ôɽʱͬգкҪҪɡ
ͷᴩ˯֮䣬ᴩ©֮䣬ûκ˻Ӧ
ֱץסĸ첲ҡΡ
ڻ谵ĳ·϶ݻع
һƯĺӣδںͷڼϣֻ۾Բִ۾ϸʢǡ
ǸҮҮʲôʱ
Ԭ㶵ؿﲻ˼
ӵͷ
ҮҪȥ̩ɽˣԼ˵ҮҪȥǰף
Ү󸮾ʲô
ܶ࣬ܶ£ȷ˵󼸸Ӷܹѣƽӱ˳̩ټһĸף󸮾иΡ
Ҫ˵ʲôأ
ิӵͷģͷȥֱӱĸ첲ֻ˻Ρ
Ǻ鶼ơ
һ˲䣬ͷȻûˡ
עİĶӣ
Ү󸮾гһܳΪ¹˵ҮԲֳ㵱ƴ
ǸӵɫȻˡ
Ҫǽң۾һ˲ˮҲüҪҵң
Ԭܲô¡ҪʱǸӿ޺
ĸͬ˵ģҮҮ㵱Ҫҵ𣿣
Ԭʲôˡ
ֻǾãĶӺʹ࣬ʹࡣ
ɰ
ȥΪõᡣ
ִɵգɢޱ޼ʵĺڰ֮С
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۾죬ʱҪһ
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ǿˣҸңشԬ̷ΪѸ£ҪѡҼ̳мҵ
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ײһţײһţо޴ͻأҹ
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Щʿе佫мݵŴ󻧣ᣬҹģҪһȴ⡣
ԬֻЩ۶ԴҲ֧ˡ
Ļûһ˿һŷ
㶵վԺУŸ©䡣


598 
Ǹ߾
Ԭ̷Գǽĸߺ,ֻļǲܱˣֻļǲܱĲƲ
ÿεصߣֻҪԶԶúʯݳĻҡ,Ƥĸߴţؾ,Լųɳӣǵ,Ҹ㡣
Ҫؼˡ
Ǹ߾ġ
ʱѾͬգǽ鶼Ӱ,ֳָìע
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Ƶüۣ,Ҳ
Ԭ̷ڳµһ죬ڳˡ
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Ԭһɥ,ͷΧ˴վڳǽ,һлᦡ
Щڸ׵Ļ,ЩޣЩԬ̷,ģ޹ģĶ,ͨͨΪһѵݺؿڣ̵ֲšһš°Ρ
һΣԵˡ
˾æ˸ţҪԬпš
֣Ч֮ףҪǣ뽫ʮ
Ԭ̷ؿױϣʱҪһãڽһȣѪһߺ
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վڳ¥ϵˣôˮԬǸûһ
СףΣκθиҡ
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ǲϣʵҲֳٳ£ڣп飬Ů⣬Сܵټ֮ӣ
㲻Ϸǣ
ֻҪˣСȻǸ
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Ԭ̷һ˫۾Ѫݿ죬ѪԴϸϸҲȻ
ҵνǣ
ͼûлشֻתͷ
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Ԭ̷ˣһ
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ǰ߾ĳǳѾļҡ
ǳҲļˡ
Ԭ̷ֻ˺̵ܶʱ䣬̵ǰѵոմؿڰΡ
޾ķХ˽ǰĴ󶴣ȵ
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Ԭ̷˵ϣͷҽ
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Ѿˣ
ڱεլۡԲһ˫ۣϸضǰסɪɪŮǡ
ǶҶᣬ˸ܳ裬Ҳޡ
ÿһߵĺҹÿһӵİ磡
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ʲôҩĻ
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ǡ
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㿴
룬㿴ҪЩʲô𣿣
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Ѿˣ
˭Ҳֹˣ
Ѿˣ
ԬдӳǽظǰʱԶԶͱѪǺüҪס
ѪɽϸߣײϣϣľϣǣһĻڼʢһʱĸ̣Щͽ˵ǿȥͬġ
ϵ磬Ҳеµ磬е硣
ⱻѪݵãⱻѪݵĵ
ĸ׾վڵδע
ˣѾʪ˵ЬһŽűߵʬ壬һݱչ¶ԬС
Ǳ谮ģΪơļ檣ͱС˺Щ飬ץ棬ʲô¶Ҫһԣƫƫ׻
ԬעǾʬ壬һſڣ
ĸסҪḸô
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᣿ǣһôУ㸸ڻȪ֮µģһˣǣЩļ澣ǣ
ҧгһȻˣˣǵͷ⣡ǵϻϼʮããī֭
ԬĬĬעĸףЪ˹ؽ¡
һ˿һĺɫڻȪ㸸棡
ĸףǸĸĸײء
仰С
Ǿǵĸĸãֳֶ˵һҪ
ⳡԬܲʶѪ谮ļʼܿϯݡ
ЩԬ³ıʿǣȻϢˡ
ΪλǸеİе־塣
Ԭ̷ľһ֧Ѫ߳ľӣЩ˲ˣҲǼˡ
ǶİҰޣԬ̷ȺҰ޵졣
ǣһǽһǵĽӣЩԱü˽ԬսǲǷӦѪϴС
ǾģǳܰߵĶߣ˻ƽԭ˵ݽ𲯣˵ũߣȻ󽫰᲻ߵĶ֮һ档
ЩؾȻǲģǺ뱣Լļ԰۴ӱϣǴ̵ıϣȲԬ̷
ǱϾΪĴӣսפݵĴӰ
ʧȥ˸׵Ŀ⣬ʧȥ˼̳˵λúҲɼ˲ʶģˡ
¾оʱÿһũ򣬲Ǽ̤ÿһƬũ
Ȼܹǣıǵĳǽ̫ˡ
زȥˡ
ŬһЩŬһЩ
εƬƽԭϣ¼ԬеıʼʱԬ̷ڱһЩǡ
ãͼѰ̾Ტݵغ
Ҫʲô
޷ǲƻѣЦӲġ
¾ģԬ̷ܿ϶˵Ҫ٣
ͼһ£˵һĿ
ǸĿĵĴҲüԬսãغޣܡ
ͼԬ̷˵˼䡣
ˮСĵصͷҲҴ
ڲˣֻۣͼȻСģ˵ģʲô
Ԭ̷Ƭ̺󣬺Ȼץס˹ͼ
۾ǸһˮҪЦ
ƺеʹ࣬ееϲԼķ
ǣͳ鶯ţȴе΢ЦغʿıǣֻҪǹǣв︾Ůã
˵ƺûЩ㣬ּٵؼһ䣬ĸڳУǣôôΪȫʬװ


599 
һһ,Ҳһһůˡ
Ŵ󲿶ӣ
Ҳ˱ۣ˵˰,ϲǧı,Žȥˡ
˵ʼķӦǺܿҲǺ顣
ûʱ,ʹ߻еŭ,ָǵ½,ǿݡ
ǸܾˣȥһƳƤ⽻ʹߣصʹһھӪ,ЩսΣԼıѡ
Ȼ,ǲܵһëεģЩƳ˵ǡ;Сݱ͹һЩ,ֻ࣬мǧʯ
λ֮븶һݾͰȺ˵,κιѯܹˣѹûᡣ
Aؼҡ
⻹ʲô˵ġ
AԼ˵˵ԬսǺܲ,ܾ,ʹİԬᣬЩӱҲһ㣡ԬС˲֮,һģȥʿιѽҪѽ
˵񽫾Ԭʿ󣬸ǵĲѣʴ֮񽫾Ҳʵ֮ôôιǸû취ѽ
ӱɾȻش˾ݣһϢЬҲҲ͸Ϲ
ЩǻţػţᰡҲֹס
A˵ĵ죡ԶţǵݲֱˣһҪȥһʣкĿ֮ģ
½A´ʵһĻŻĿɹȥҲֻһ൱Υ͵ġץĸܡ
AĿ´ʵȻˮֵģûˮ֡
ΪݵԵʣܲԬܵսְ缦༽ݱͺܼį
沨ְǿ϶ϵģôҲµˣһͶȻȲѣҲѺˣֹһҰİҲ¶¶
ԲȥԼȥɲɣǣվڳſ£
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ŽפǺ󣬵ڶݺʹһˡ
Ƕǳλʱι̫صʹ߻ĸ˵ȥ̱꣬ʾԼһλɩòǡ
ɺüؾУźļˣصصؽԼԸòûƸ˼ҡ
˵ؾˡǬô˵ԴӺֽӻˡ
˽ԣδʵӺһҲţòϣ´Ҳõϡ
ֿ
֧ȥľߵò죬кܶ˾ߵ̫ˡ
Ҳ˾ߵ̫ˡ
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ǻդʿֹͿҪؼˣȻصңŸĸãӵóʲôʲôѽڸϽԴȣϺõ⣬ʷۣҧһͷ޲һȥѽ
ȵʿԱ㣬ֹֻȻصңԼҵϱﻹȥ˼ҵСˣڳ䣬ٺٺҪ÷ޣƸҲడȥѵӻĽǴ
Ȼİ˼ĵŶһ֣ҹҪưͷ֯£ٴһСˣһӹˣ
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֪ʤ̣Ǯ˼ֻҪؼ֮ǰڴһöǮ߶ѣ
оȰýȰþȰҲʿͲסͺôõ̻ûȫ򰾸ɾоӪʱ޲ò˳ҲҪɣӪضֺ壬ڵġ
һƬֺУ󽫾Եø塣
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Ҫϵ鶼Ѿˣ̫ʷ˾ܲر棬оʱӪʱĴȥ͸·ϵֽ̼ۣпսӪָָ㣬ලʿѹգලעȵȡ
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ҵŽ磬󽫾һʮֶ߰ӣȻᣬвŻ󽫾ԸԸھеСΪ󽫾Ч΢֮ѽ
ЩּܹͬЩ˿ЩǰֽЩѬ㣬ЩûѬЩдŵҲڴĦĺöϲʲôϣ̴㡢㡢㣿𣿻Σ˹ùѬһѬֽϲ
ЩŶǲòģ˸ľϻӽװȥ̶գһϻӾͿҪװˡ
߹û˵ֲֻŪһϻӣȻѹ
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ҡЩɣôģ
⼸оո
ˡ
گ˵Щȥ
ȥ
ȥ⡣
һ
Ҳһȥ
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֮Խ
ƺȲУҲŮûûй鴦ûη壬ûз塣
ʷЩ˵һǣѣȻͳˣҹؼ⡣
һ͵񽣣ôСҡ֮أ
Ҳһȥ˵
صʱʲôأİӿ·ߣĦ
ǻȲʣӢǻ˵С½ӮС½ַһΣ͢ҪһغС½ǰģһ˾ܽдѽ
ʿٹ⡢ʷʫ̾͵Ĵϡ
ʿʬ̾͵Ĵϡ
Ҵ˺ܶˣ˵Ƕûһˡ
ǵϳսǷԲʮζʹС
ҸԼҸ˴ƽѽҸЩŵ˴ƽѽԬܵɥݻţҲϲƾʲôô˵
ȥ˾ˣȥԶܲ⡣
ƾʲôǵʬߵľͷȥ̹ȻЩ
˵
ģ
ǾĻѵػȥ˵
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ȥЩߵ۾ҲȥЩߵ۾
ƮƮΣΪԶʱŻת˸
ҲǱеĶ
˺ܾãصͷ
ձ


600 
,ӽӭҰ
йĴᣬгԴԣͣ,Ⱥ
Գʮ,̵,ˮɨ֡
ٹŹٷڽ,
ǧˣһҲû,ϢֱƱĺԽ׺ư졣
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֮һ΢
ûг,Ŀᶯһ¡
ȥһ½ִ,ٿһӵĽ
ھ,֧Ҫеս񣬶ֻǷĲ֣ȻкܴĲͬ
ӵĽǴ빫ѡĶ,ͷںڣƤ,ͦȳ,ݿǴǼףָìӽ࣬ݣһ㡣
½ִǴӸӪѡζľϱΪ˽ʽ,һϸϸͷŸԼƤǴֲڵģҲǴֲڵģִ˰̡
ǵĿƽİȻĳ־þɳİȻ
ԽԽٽ˫ĲҲԽԽԡ
ͬλ׵Ĳࡣ
˴ӵǰߵ֮ġ
Ȼû꣬ǰһֽס
ƽң˸ҵ֮ʥߣԼ֮Ϊ±֮ʥ飬ޣ޽ԶҲ
ᣬҲᡣ
ȫʥ£ԬӶݣи֮͢и֮ԶԳ͢
ְȥˡ
ַˡ
˾ͻŶԷС֣ȶصģ׵һԽｻ
ӵߵֻ½΢΢һ²ӣ඼̬ӯעһĻ
һȺġ
˵еãò̫ʹ죬Ӹ÷ǳʹ졣
ļݽǻȷʱݴѾ͵ˡ
λ˵Ҳ̫ܵһûмλӰ۲ӵսºܴͣɣ裬½ӡ󻹲
˾ݴ⣬ݴҲ͹ˣλѭ谵Ķӣ䳤඼ǴҪģҪ·ıº˲á
ȻѭԼһߴһ֧ӣ˵изʿ½ֻһ°ԣ˾ܲ˵вѧǸС۶
ϳǵɶƽҲǧٶ·⻹ǰɽˮĹ򣬾һ˵Ϣ̸ɳôԶ·ѭȻҲܵˣ·Ĺʹ
֮⣬һЩ̫ϤҲ˹һȵΧߡ
ֻѫͬ
ԥݺ®֮ܵģŶƵжߣһҪԼͦصվߡ
վߵģǸģǶֱ׳طٹ⣬ֱ׳̬ʾ빫䣬ΪңǸһġ
ô룬͸ú㡣
ƽԭ˾Уξ¼£ͬ˾ʽΪʵȨȵƽӱ۹ʱ׵ľһˡ
ڻ᲻һ²ȡӣҲȡ
÷˭ʵҶ֪
½û֪֮ӿ͸Ӷӡ
½䡣ӽһ
ӦһȻѸٲһ䣬ڡ
ıʿ佫ƽ
ǵҲҵġ
ֻǼҵԴһ£ܳԾؿһۡ
Ҳɵӣڻܣ˶оֹϰΪҲѸٻָɮ붨
СʵǰЦģҲʹˡ
䵱
л£˵֮ǰˡ
͵͵ͷ£ȭͷ졣
СʵһҲԻΪ̣˿ٷһΡ
ʵҲ
Сʵ۴
֪񣿡
꣬ظһ飬Ȼ֪ġ
Ϊཫ㹥ƽԭƽԭ֮⡣
΢Ц˵꣬㶵վ˼ЦݺȻʧˡ
˱ΪΪ֮壬Χǲ񣬴ǣǿ룬಻ıϣ
໥Ȼип
˭˵ϲ½أ
ڵλãôϲ½أ
˵ǸδУȡλõˣô½ߵǰֽǣˡ
ɼʹӣҲֱ׳
ӵȴʵʵڱס˸
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аնӿϽͷˡ
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Ϊ½𣿵Ȼǰٲȫǰ
ΪԼ죡
˶˵ԬܱˣܲҲˣ٣˵ӱǱߴúܲͣӹƺأ
ֵǿҪˣ
Ҳĵضڳʯͷͼʸͷɹ
Ҳض߶£̼ʺȾıˮ
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Ѿǵˣǵδ
ſЦЦЦִ˼صؿ
ˮУҲʪˡ
ʪأһճɰɣ
լۡһֱû˴ɨúܸɾ
½ǰʱܳˣһ̵ܵǣһӸߵױײ

˸¡
ʮȥˣΨӲûϣһȦŸиĶӣֻ䡣
һɤӣԺͻȻ
С۵ؽУСں壬ָԼ๫ͬںֹݲ½ͬŮǣһͷ
߽ȥ˶һ
죬еӡ
ˡ˵
Сˣһѱİݡ
Ȼƺʱ򰢲ݿһźãѾʮİݺȦƨվӲû޳
ûס͵͵Ц
ӺһȺڽרĽʻЪʱһ˼ң˾һһܹˡ
벻룬Ҳ벻дȻؾ˹
ԼȺˣ˵ݸϹԥֺݣ糾ͣͬ߶߶˺þõĻȻһЩӦõȥ˵񣬿ɼ֮һ仰
ݺܺá
һģûʲôطھһսܱסٸģǰûʧ˽չ˵úܺãҧأסÿһҹˮ֧ŵ١
ʿǷŻؼɣǻܵڣֱǵ˹һ˫ѶϼȥһˣȻǿЯңԼҵͰ£ȱ˼ӵ룬سһԼӺҰﳤҰ˺һĺ
Ǻúõعϼӣ˳Ա֮Ƚ͵ܵ÷Ժ󣬸ϱµ־ηѧһѧʽũ߸ôá٣ׯֻ༸׹صӤһȻָֻȻ
ԥͬ˵˼լۡ
̺ܸߣ˵ɡ
Ƿѣֻצӣ˼ۿĲݺ
֮󲻸ɻάֻȾơ
ԺܺԽԽ࣬ʼ֨ҽʱ˳߽ȥȻ˸
̧ۿδװһơ
ضʱ˵ˡ
ǳԣżֵֶݷ
ǼϵϻطѾϲɫ¾ТïţĲ׼ʹúõشһ
һ˳ɫƽЩ⣬ֻиǺʼû¶Ц
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⼸ϲǰϲ˺Ȼһ£ֻԾؿ󽫾ʶСӣ
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Ŀָһᡣ
Щ鲻֪ûУԭ㸸ңҪҺúѧõģϧҲڴˣ۽Щᶼװȥңòã
ЩƵ۵ĿУͣ룬Ҳˣݣ㲻Զ岮㲻ãңòã
ĸжͻȻһŇֿԱȺ岮
л󽫾˵ǶҺܺá
Ⱥ˺󣬴󽫾˳˼֮С
ֱ˾ܲü飬Žеɻʳ
⺢ӣ˵ô;
˾ܲԥ̫ʷȣɿ˳
Ҫ˽̣Ҫ˾١ԥ˵
̾Ϊӣپǽټ١
Ҳ̫ͽܣ˵ҵʱԾټΪ١
ԥͱˡ
Ⱥˣкɻ
ټ𣿡ʵټ𣿡
ԥȻһ¡
˾ܲ
Ҳ𣿡еţСʵ۾ټܻ˵ģôټˣ϶
˫һͼס졣
󽫾ڴ˰
ãã˵ټһ¼Ҵɣˣ
ǽ̻Ǿ٣ҸѧʺãҲġ
Уѧʺ˵Ҳƾɣκ˲ϡ
һȺΧһ𣬿ʼ⺢ıһʦ
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̫ʷҡҡͷҵȲͨīΪʦ
λС
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ԥЦҡͷЩķѧʣֻ񡣡
ҲС
ٿ²ֲ׷Űܹȥˡ
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ֲüꡣ
ֿ͸˳˳е㷢㶣û
ֱͦˣ˵ʲô
ϽĿŲˡ
Ϊʦе㳬Գˡ


601 
ǰֱ׳ҳһ˵,Ҳ˾ܲ
˾ܲмѧԨԴ˾ϼҷģҲܶѧ,Ļ,һ⣬븸ӡ
쳤,۾ô̷
˾ܲ,Ҹ̼ܽϣֵѼ,Իҽ,Իָʲԡ֮Ҳ
̣,ڻǽǹܺأѵأȥ
ˣ,˾ٴＸλ̵ֵܶúܺá
˾ܲûЦ
󽫾,˵,Ļ
װûתͷ
ѧǺܺõģκҲͱȳ꣬СҲˣ
󽫾Ǽǹ常

СſһׯЦݣ常ؼգ,¼ɾвǣ常ܵõĵӣϤĽ̵С
½ԥˡ
λиĺãͲ˵ˣҪܰʦǾ͵ǵʦܰ
˾̵ܲȻеģЧȷʵҲرԻˡֻҪһ˭Ǹ߹ѧʶԨƷгڣӢ˲ĺɾ˭֪һܺͺбȸߵ͵Ļˮأ
ǰѴֶи˾ңܾе㲻Ծġ
и壬ѧһڿʿ
ԥԥԴ˹һתȿٿ˾ܲ
;ͽһĺӣڽӵʿģ˭Ҳûն࿴ֻһۡ
ֵ̭ʦԤ۵Ƕ࿴һۣ̫ʷȽӴ򿪣ɫըСɾͺȻһ飬ݸ
˭ģԥʡ
п͡
ԥתͷĪ״Ŀ⿴һۡ
ûʿ˭ҧһڵĵ½еΡ
ͦóԵġӱۺסڼһ仰
ĺܺóԣǽֱ̯ǧ͵֬ζһɲţ̽֯ζ
ƾĵˮƽװĵĺӵĹˮƽ;Ϳ϶ֺŲġ
Ȼߵ£˻ûǰʱһˡ
Ⱥվ̨£̧ͷ
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Ⱥôֱһ˴߹ȥˡ
󽫾ֻ˸е񣬡ĺó𣿡
ܺóԣ̾Ǵģ
Լҳģ󽫾ϲ»ٸЩ޿ֵ£Զѷ彫ʹٴ͵ܣףºҲôò
һȺֺظӭȥˣлСô᲻ءɰҸԵˡʲôеĳԡǲƤˣ֮ೳֵ
׼һȥ벻Ծһ
תͷʱое
ϾȺԸеŹ֣˵ΪɶͻȻͿһèˡ
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ȺȻ͵ͷЦһ¡
λúɣȻֹǴԵĵԵʡ
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ְͷתȥˡ
졣
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λɾܵPKٵҲܰѴֶӺԼ˼Ҷܱݵλ
ֻܿһοڡ

Ӷ䡣
ũϲʼλ˵͹˻һ󹦼Ǹһնͷʱ˵˾ǨŮȲתʿ·ߡʱʼ̫ξҵ̣ڴǿͬԬһһš
򣴨һȺ游ķĲѧжã˲̫⣬˵λʮʱڸˣ˥԰һƱʿТν´ǣųˡ
ˣҶѧңµ䷶ҪǿյӣӴֶ֮ӵġ̡͡١ײˡ
ѡ
ټһЩأũǸӷֵġȥ꣬ʱҲֻ̫𳤣벻ڣҽӲʣ˽˵¸һҲҪǰ
ֹ죬˳Ⱥ
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ȺϺȻ˹ʡ
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ţȻʱŰЩʺϹܺӣ˵޲У㿴ҲСˣйһɴأ
ǳȺͲˡ
ǰ棬ӰƺЩͦεһ
Щײƣ˵ǲýչ߶ŵġ
ƺһ߶ţЩµģģģֵܽģһյյƣһƬƻţѰĹ·
Щ˵
ԶǣһƥȻش֣ʱ
һ̣ȺȻȻˡ
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˵
㣬һһЩ£ЩɡʱʱǣԵúơ
Ҳߵ
дƬũũ߱±꣬ţſڵϣһβ͡
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ҪǸҪҪıʼһ
¼Ҵԥ˺ܾãǾԼдд˸ʦȥȻٿļ⡣
Ͳˣ
¶˾ģҲ˼ܲ꣬һдһֽ󣬲ŷ±ʣ̧ͷ
һͬ˽
ڴ󸸵ķԣµСڷҡ֦
ڸ׵ķǰƺҪ͵ԹƷڣվ̾ܿˡ
游븸׵ķǰչһ壬ŷ΢춯
ĸ˵᳤ߵģ˶һһñĸ׻ߣĴ󸸻ߡ
һ죬¸졣


602 
ܺ,ݳݺɡ
ǶһƬеŵ
ȽڽδŮ˵ǸҪӣһꡣ
,бŮˣŷҫˡ
ҲҪ̤,ҲҪˮԡ,ҲҪһ棬,Ҫ˫öԷò̸¾ֹٽһɸ,ʲôġȵؼʱϸϸһ¶ԷƷкȡβѸ
ɾŮ,ر𲻵ǵ,ǵĵһǲġ
ĺլ,һƬž
ŮЦ,̴ٵȥ
Ըʷ˵ƫΪԲ,Բɣʮ˶һò
ʷԵʿط˸,֡
£¾Ҫˡ
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ӷ˺Ȼø첲ͱһ¡
½ƽԭͻȻѣ
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䣬Ӻػغһ㣬һСͯ˸¡
٢ֻ۾,½˵ȫǰѡвɡдˡ
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κȺеڿôˡ
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͵͵죬ͷͻȥǼȻǺ󱳡
˶һţֻ۾ţѾˣӻĻѾ壬ƮƮȥʲôط
ԼҪȥ
ͺܺá
Ҳгһ¿
е㲻һƮƮĲƽԭ
λоֹӲĴ⼸һֱЩ겻ᣬ᲻ÿ춼У˽մڵʱ䲻ͬ
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Ҳһ飬Գڳģ
ƨʲôʱʱҪһ¡
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ǻǺྲͷ˿ң͵͵ߵһ
סٿһȦֽס
ϣֻ½ʲôûʶŷɶŲһԼ塣
ûܵġ
ҲԭеģȺ˾һĳ֮ͺˡ
һüŪ֮˺ؿڣ˵ӼȻض˼꣬ʱˣũߺ͸ţ̫ʽũߣũ˽»迪ũʱ־ϣ͢һ³̳
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ְ֮Ҳ˾ũٽһ£κս¶
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ǵֻǵùҹСսһƬĻְǿǿѾܲףοҪ֪ʶأ
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Сʵ۾һҵ
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ΨһһԱָȥ˺ûҡ
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ҲˡƽԭϰԵӦ˻ʵһ䡣
СʵϸˣתͷȥСʾ⣬Ŀ֮£СŶһϻӣ͵ǰ
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˫Ĭеߣ˭ҲΪλӸԷͱ˿ڵŷһ£Ƥһ£öԷһµĿ֡
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603 
ĺʱ,仨ƮƮ˸ٿ棬ҡһҡ,ɨһɨһԻ֦ͷã޲ȥ¡
Ҳ߲»Ť˽š
ǸŮ㬵˰Ļ,Ź⼸
Щʲôã
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ɹ˿ˮ,ͷ԰ҩ
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½׾û
⼸ܡξ˾Ǻܵˣת,̾ˡ
⵽ǹ٣
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Ϊʲôǡ֮
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ǹģ
ǹģ
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ڳеľٶһŤ
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֤,һ뽨ҵAֶ෽֤һضɽԽ,Щʿ᲻ȥɽԽأ
ܿвɣ̼ؽ´Ϣ˵۶ˮ,֮η
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ڳ˯Ǿ˯㿴˯ʱһԣҲ죬ܵһʱ裬ҳٵĽϳʱһԲĬĬ˯ⲻǴҳʲôǴҳ
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605 
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һЩѾ侲ˣڿԴӺլϲ,˼һ½⡣
ҪȷϽ̬,Ҿ⽻ֶ,ս⡣
ڽʱ˾ò֮,͢Ӧ̲,ӡ緣Ŀ,ԬϺͼΪ
ʦʱ,Ȩ,Σ
ŃyVפع꣬׶ɽ
Aһ,أ
ʿߴߴɵؽһ,ڰ֣Ԫֱ,ô
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Ȩֻ֮䣬ȴй,˵,Ǽɵ
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û֪һʱ˭ϣ˵ͳһ˱ɽʱȨѾˣ˼ӢĽ죬ѵһ֧ˮСĽʲôӣһѻʮأ
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ܸжȥļִһ꣬ҶȻ޵еģ
Ȼ޵УܲǲҪ촬򣬲ˮȥֵأܵ±һžֳۣʳָܷٸһݣˡ
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룬⵹ҲǸ취
ڳΣ˳µĴٲǽܹģмľݣǾҲǷסġ
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˵ʲôҪ룬һ·ϿÿĺóԵĺǣںǮүͦǮˣ΢㣬ģ
ͺǻӰļطƵġ
˵鵽ʱڳʹ˹ġ
ЩʶѾ⣬µҵˣƽԭȥʹߣǳϵɾΪ˵иϵܺõ常ɸϣʰϡ
º󻹵òСŮСֶŮ͵һλɾòƷУ̸¾ֹҪǸо⼸һˣһҲۣ
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606 
ѱƽ,ԥͲݶѾĵ̣ⶼȷɵġ
ĵвһǳͨݵġ
½ָдΪԴӳ֮,ûôš
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ΪûУ
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е㳬ˣЩΪѵ֧֧˼
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½Ȼˡ
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˷˵Ҳһλɾ½ѷֲԣ游Ϊ®̫أԬң½˲Ѵ®⿤
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ǾͿʼˣƽԭô˵ң·ˣ޲ֳཻɹԬܣѽѽѽһֺ̫ǽʿҲһһ
Ǻܱ񣬿ӣ䳯ЩûõĹ䣬ٿ˼ңֻܸأܸǵİԭٷϴˣĴȱ٣⿤½ĸŴ壬˲żüãҪȥλ϶УĶжϿ찡
Ͷ䣬úеʱȺڿʼŴˡ
ҵȵȷݼƽԭֻδʱ˵ɾţһλɽ΢ЦҼһΪͬװ
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κǼλ½ѷ׻²߶߶
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607 
סܲ
֪½ѷĻûʲôԭ,½ңķԵһƫҡȻƫңĴ,װˮͭвøɾĵյ,ĥĲϯԼһûлƵİ
ϴϴ֮ӣһССĳӳڳ,ӳرߵһ
ȥ,ؼһƬžֻвݳ
ôأô⾳
⾳,ʱ⼸һס˵ġ
ڷŵͷдʲôдúרġ
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Ѿһװ˼С¶˸ε
Сʰһ±򷭵ıīֽ⣬ֵһݹ
ιʲߣ
쿴ЩɽԽǽǲٵ,˵,ҸоǺǹŹ֡
Ȼ
ɽԽһܸӵʡ
ЩǴ󺺵ǭףΪϿĸ˰۶ȽҸͶ𣬸Żƽһͬ壬ʧܺռɽΪ˷˿ܣ
һЩǽǿ,Żƽ֮бҲռɽΪ˱ȷ˿ܸһŵķ˿ܣ˵߸ɵϰ׻
һ֡ɽԽռˣǽϵԭס̶Ⱥܲסܿ࣬ǵΪ˶սӽɽ֮ҺǿѾٽΪˡ
ǼȻˣȻҲòˡĶԴǾͳһֿԷֳѱϵıƲÿÿŲɽϳٽв׽֮͵Լϣ˱ҪĶ
ºͣҰ֣ණԲɼӣЩɽԽԳԵñͨǭ׻٣ǵҲǻܣ·ҲôôһΪԼɻ
ϸӴͷҽ棬ɽԽϴһ¡
ҲЩ˲˵
ϸһֻԽ֮ˣԽԽ
գգۣյʾС̽һ¡
˼ŷǱʪ¿ȴɽԽϣũˣҪ󺺿⣬мŵȷͼ
ǣϽʡ
⿤ҴԽܳɽԽΪЧ˵ľӣƺ⣬̱㻯Ϊɢɳ뽫ΪС
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С֣΢ᣬڣ˵ɣ˵ԡ
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Ҹܲڳ˼ܼᣬǿɱͷѾ˻𣿡
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իԡȻҲûлƵء
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ΪԵĲѾ硣
ĸΪ̫ӴŲءҡЩѰ붼Ķ˵ĳһͻȻϵģҪ֣Ȼͱʵǰ
ڹ¸ߵϣӽһƬůġֵأֻҪ΢һͷ뽫ϸϸ鿴һʱЩɽЩˮɣȻһֻֻ֡
Щݹ᾵ģЩǷʷֵģЩɵģһĺۼ
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ֻҪµƿӣһأһֻֻ־ֻˡ
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ȻǻǲĺķʽһֶҪá
Ǹʹ߱ʾҪȥߣ㣬˵֮󣬾һǳ̤డʫ˳һϵˢһˢ鰡ؼǣôܴϺ½ߣ
ϵСƻƻأĻˣֻҪһ½Ͳشˣش𣬻￩ЦЦ﷢ë
ҪŵΪһڸһ·ߵ
⣡ԲʮĴûУ
ˮ﹡ˮ﹡վߣз紵Ⱥ棬ʪϢŤˮһڻǰ
ǻԹȻһֻ˽еţײ۴һͱݺҧһڣ
۰
ǸʹΪʲôܹﰡ
ѵεũѧǴ
ǸһСӣ鿴ҲͰˣںظʲôأ
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ߣˮȵתͷȥһۡ
ҲŽţһѰ彣ˮȥ
ĶǺģÿνȥᾫ׼һһֻз
ƺЩʲôڸ
ÿһ㣬ҪͷƫЩʲôڳ󳳴УѳƵġ


608 
̫ͷɹ,ú㡪ٺҲǺŵɾЬ࣬һһǳˮǾ˿ȣ,Ǹ̵,ﻹֹЩʥ˵ѧʡ
һʹＷʥѧʣҲû˼ͷһ۽͵ĵ硣
ֻвĶ,Ķ֧ǡ
½
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ϸ۲һ굾ܳԾ̧ͷ
Ȼ֪,ֻǼֳʮ,ʱ,ʵ,ε֪
½ѷƮƮһۡ
⿤,˾֪
廰˱˸ֲ,̫±ɹ÷С͸ˡ
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⿤,Ĺ
ⱻˣֻܼظߣ˵Ļ⻹ڼ
˶ε侭Ϊζũѧ
սƵԣ価ɣмɫӲ٣Ϊ,ʳǵµһҪ񡣡
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ʣǰλɾѰĿеӢģȫȫǸˣڴǸδ
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ðͷʱʶתͷĳһۡ
½ѷҲſһۡ
Ǹ˶ԼͬǸתͷȥ
Ǹ̴ѾˣڲԶ﹡š
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죬׼ʱǸ̴߹ˡ
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βҪ½ӴȽȽ̽һͷϴϴɾ󣬾ȥš
֮磬гıġ
һȻʶڿҲġ
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û˭Ͻ˵Щз˼ֻʣµĸũ˷ˣǺϲ
Сڷˡ
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ƻͨ
гһһˣǶˢᣬЩµĳǣҲι÷ʷ׳׳ܹʱ춯ټϳвͷ͸УƱˡ
ɾҲһһһһ棬΢Ц߽ã˼ҵĽͬݣмλǹʽѽѽ͸ϵúһˡ
죬չˣţÿһ϶ԽһβӱҵĹԹҲÿһ㡣
һһϯţһһ΢ЦΣԼλãҲӱ˵λá
Ҳеĵʱ½ѷȻ˹
ʿ⼸ջ࣬˵֪ͬһͬϯΣ
ͻȻһΪʲôϯ
½ѷе̲סƵЦˡ
ȷʵкôϺ
ȷʵ֣˵ˡ
Ȼһϯλܿǰ
ĩһ¼ӵλϣԱߵ˼ۡ
½Ҳ̫ƣ˽һϸҲͬϯô
㲻ֹ³ٺ٣绹﹡ϣٽϵأ
װɶҲû
м˵ֻ֮⣬ԭǿԺúóٷġ
״ʹҽ飬зС
ʾͳܽ˵Ӻˡ
ʱûʶʲô
ǸǶ׼ӭӵĹͻ߽ʱҧзȣҲ첱̽ͷ̽Եؿˡ
Ǿ͸Ǹ˸ۡ
λλݲĹʹһ
Ҳһѿڶ
Ůѽ


609 
ΪʲôҪ½ȥ,ʵе㲻̫ġ
ǰһְ֮꣬λߵ;Ͳ˵,ϱûȢ,͵ص
ҹ̸,·ô۵Ǹ־Сɾ,ųȥһá
թһ,뻢֮УεУ
룬дô
ıʿ,ʵǬûס
Ҫһ𣿡
һ,,й,ְλλܸߣûͲҪ,ס
½죬ʮ,ܵŸ룬ƫƫ˭Ҳ򲻹˭Ҳ
̸
ô̸УȻֺǺǵ,ҲǸʵľӣôͲ̸ˣ
룬ǬǲģΪ̴ݣ
ԭ,еεӡ
˵ʵ˭ȥҪ
ֻҪȥ͹ˡ
̣ұֳ̬Ǻʵġ
Ѿʱͼı಻ƫһ磬ǾͲܳΪвֻһӻͳһϰ
Ԭ֮սʤԬܣ̬ҲһЩҵȻҳϣҲǺҶҳӣ˭Ҳ˭߹󣬼ȻûзԣƾʲôͶ㣿
ȫһˣףַӭӣΪִĺϷԱ飬к۵ľΪδ飬ʿ˫ȨѲսķ
ô˳µĴǲʹζʲô
ЩǺЭġ
Ƕ׷߸ӣɱغ̣ڳ͢ƻһȺɽ˺ڴҵԼλá
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ǻΪ룬Ϊ棬ǱЮ׷Ҹӵľд˵ᶨʱΪȫҸӡ
ȻΪеģۺʱεأǶٵȺˡ
˽жսжǿս־ȷʵҪ˽⣬ЩֻҪһƽӹʹ߾ɣԳ
ЩҪʲܴɵĿ꣬ҪΣѾ˼衣
ȨƣֻҪȥˣ㹻
Щ±ѵԭص͢Ȧȥһ
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ܳصлŮһ˲ˡ
󡭡Ŀڣʿл
ʿʲô
˶һĻȻͿˡ
ʥԣߣҲך£ټ˰
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ŵӵ΢΢һ£һĻҲ˿ཻһϲ
͵Բ飡ƽصģǵګԶеľӣ
пˡ
˵ӡ
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˵ʿ
˵ƽԭѽ
˵İϺ˴£ҼкϺȽİ㲻ֻи󣡡
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⻹εġ
״һֱɫ˵̲סˣתͷ档
ùĺŮЦЦؿһۡ
˵ı˼ҵŮ˵δ֪˭Ҷ۰
ͺһʲôرƵģЩӵܿʼһֿƿµˡ
ȻóϣȺ¶ȵһҲȲϵһȺ佫ô


610 
¯,ׯص
ĲݳѾԽԽгĴһ˲Ĳݳסˡ
վҶ̽ͷ̽,Ůε,˺Ŀ⡣
ŵ˶ͣ¶Щ˿,Ŀⶼƽ̬ҲҹϯЩͰȻöࡣ
߽̫լۡһۿȺ״ʿ
Ǹ˵,ͷѾһ,λƽԭʹʱЦݣֱʱ̬ǡô,ԭʿ
ֿһۡ
Ц飬۾ȴһ˿ЦҲûС
ŽӲ,ŹŴ,֪Բ顣
Цеػһ
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ı
Ҫȥδӣ׷ǵʿֵȥδӣǴഺȫȥļѾûˣǻججΪζ
һķװҲûдֻűַվе顣
һԽĸɽǲòֹɽ֮¡
Ҳʹ࣬ס
ǰԼһ룬ڽ죬ǵһ롣


611 
ⳡִǷпܱòɿأ
Ӧǲܵġ
Ϊ佫Ҳ;ĸһ,ǲ·ġ
Щոջ䵭²Ȩжôɿıʿǲøߵÿŵɤǣ˲,Բ佫ֵǰ
ڲλ׺ŭڣᵱԾѪ֮
ҲҿڳЦ,ղҶȥ½ģո̬
׺ŭһȥ,ƥ򰲸񣡡
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ĵشӽ
ǺŮһ
롣˵
Ȩڸһƫ,ʰ÷ǳż򵥣ǰ뼸ʹ,в֪δˮڵִŭ˹ȥ
ʱһ,ھ;뿪,ĳͺܿˡ
㾹Ȼֶһӡ䲻س
㲻ڵ,ҺǴ򽻵ͦġ
ʲôĵ𣿡ںв֪Ĵֱýˡ
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ƫԶ«֮,δɳ̻͢ʹܾ±صϳͲ
´һ
Ųʮ꣬ȴûӦеĸо
ô˵أ֪ʷϵʱɶ˵ƺӦͷʿöëȣұضüĿһ߶೤ĺ롣ǺϤ常߳꣬ʮʱǺŬˣQҲûٱQģѧ﷢㾪׵ۣ˼ҵϹĨĨͿͿֻ߾λ彲û˼ˣ׽ܴԲѵرʾԼϸ˼С
Զˣ֮ǣºĿеСͷʮʱҲǸģ
Ȩǡ
ͷںڣͦΣƤ⻬Ͼδѣ۾űϵĶ
һҲֳȻǳФƵ٣ûһ㡰ЦʣеֻȨ׵߸˿Ľӡ
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ˣͻȻӻ֮£³ΪЮ
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ǻġ
ЩģЩǱġ
ҲѾϲʵǵĳ·ˣϾǭ׳λغд֮޿ͣ޿ɷ⣬λѾԽԽΣգѹȨҪԵĸࡣ
ô
Ҳ˿Ȼǲģʹأװ磬ҹУ˭˵Ǵһ֮ģԴ彭أ
ȻӦһˣʮսתɵѹǰͷ
һַϯ½Ȩǧ׹֮ϵͳ˧úᣬµ
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Ǹ˼ˣòӢ̸¾ֹһܵԼĺøС
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۾кĶ׾ͱˡ̸Уһ׶ԸĶ֡
עûпڣߣطס֡
²֪ã潫Ծ죬ܾ֮ʿǼȲɶ볯Ϊ٣ΪʱأЦ飬ǵǰ;
Ȩ̧ۿ˿Ӣΰ꣬һᡣ
֮ԣＸһҭҭпο࡭
˵ĳӲȨ룬ԺЩСֶƭ򶯲
ᣬֳ£Ӧ֮
½Ҳֲһ氡
Ǹᰮϯͷô뵽ɹģ
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ƯСɾ𣿽ǺƯģҲвƯСأ
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СɾŸɻʱͺ࣬ᣬд½㶼ʲôˣǺдһԽ̬ķͲ²⡣
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ҸҲܸҸӵҳ϶ޣ
Ȩѡֵǣǲܶʲôвģ
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ڻʣвдǵҳϺѡҽľƣ£
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ƹƷֿǷţ˼
ˡ
ӦһЩݣȨɱرʾֳѲһ꣬ȻѳԸȣҲԸ֣衣
ȻլۡôʹߵסѾ׼ˣɶɶԼ㣬ɶҲ뿴Գȥ䣬̫дССˮʱʱһͷײҲŬƷ
ȻҪǸں߳ԺȣǱߵɲʲôϡ¡
ںߣһԵĿɽɫżɹʲôȭ
Ȩվڲ¥ϣԶԶǸô۵ıӰ˼˺ð죬ֱ¥ѡ

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һۣϾ¶һʹı顣
Ӻˣ
λŮͺ˵һ򲻹ֲ£֪ô죬ŵ㱬񿴿ܸܲܵݡޡ
ǲǵ뷨Ϳ½Ǹˮܶ·ӰͨıһҲŲġ
ҼŮҧҧҲ
Ҽ½ȨȻ̾һֻһ˴̵ϱ


612 
á
ΪΣ
ҵʿڽΪǹ,ȥΪǹ٣³͢ո΢Բʧݿ֮λ,ֵΣ
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ɶ񣿡
˵һ˿á
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кμƣ
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ذˮũ񲮲֪֪¶һ飬Ҳɾ׼ʱ֨ˡ
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ٵĹâһЩӼӲĶ
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613 
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˯,ϵ,Ҳ˹ǷҪȥβˮպûС
СûлӦ
Щɻ,ͣȥһǸڵʲôƤ,ǲǱͻȻһβ,ʲôаﹴ˻ǡ
ûд,Ҳûа
дˮʻ,һҽһңз죬бн,ǰ,Ĺź⣡
֧ӴĴӣϵҲҶۡ
ۺܿ콫êػߣΪÿһˮ,ǰˮ˾˽Dji ѩ׵棬С̽
Ҵϴš̡롰ܡ죬µ佫һЩһЩܹ鿴ǺƯˡ
һ֧ӣȻӦǺģ֪Ϊʲô˭Ҳû¶緢顣
ոоЩ֪ӦӺ˵𡪡ܰסļƻûӦ갷
½ڣǰͻϮһٹ¹ꡣ
µ޸֮Aأ˾½ʿôʱٹ
ıù꣬®ضʱɴݱϣȱδȫǩһ֮ˣ⽮
ֻҪΣһͷ½صʱȻ˱˽ߣӴǣЩ佫Ҳٲصǰˣ
ʣ佫ǰ䲼ģʾҪ½Щ©˷ֻΪһͬ뿪
ڽʱ佫ĥȲҲĴǣ˸ɴʵΪʲôɱ½أ
½ǲɱģҪǴţǩԼɱ½Ȼŭ˵ڹ˽ļ䣬ȫ򽭶Ǿ͵òʧˡ
ʹսıҪͷЩЩҲЩ
ԴҪЩģСδˣ²Ȼ˷ܡ
ûнսʱֻץЩɽԽɽԽֵǮūǵɽկͨҲõس
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ӳ˹ģЩ׷ܲƣȴĵΣʱЩϽֳȴ갷񡣺˼ÿվľΪıΪԼıЩ˽һĹǫĹ۵˽Ͷ
⣬λϽ￴褣ҲˣӲԴɫÿÿ̸
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ȻҲ֪AԬµĴ󽫣ȷʵҲôôˡ
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ⲻҪǿһ·ӹȥһAСأҪɱȻս
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ǽıǽҵˣҲҵˣʮÿһ϶˰̣Ǹ²ҲΪλĽǺϹ˫ۣǼʮ߲ᣬϸ׵ףǴƻ棬ͳһ

ǽЩҲʵԸΪЧģҵĶԭΪһҲ꣬Ҫȥģ
AʱĲΪˮһȺ۾Ѫϱ
վڰߣף˱УţѪȴѾˡ
ʱм˳
ǸƯˣһȾۣһʿȴó޵
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Ρڽϵһ£ǱΪ
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Щסˡ
Ѽ˵ʣ̵ֵ֮λ볯Ϊ١
ˮӪկһƬţƬ̺ͻȻ
ʿʼմһȻԵõЦݣ˵ӲĻʱҲɱķǡ
ǲ΢ЦŽģǴͼڱ֮Ŀѵǵķŭ
ǾȥĴģվڰߣؿֻƯ¥Զȥô˺ܾõĴ
ȥ½̸ˡ
ҪԶϱ۰һҶ󣬻мұĽ


614 
˵Ǿ仰ʱ,յһӦɻ
Ϊʲô
ЩϽǽҵĸ
ûǣͬ⣿뽭ҿ⣿ȷЩ֣ʧȥһ޽,Ҫο֧ӣ
̹֮͵˵
ȻǼȾŭ,ûʶ仰,ֻ˵øһЩ
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ʲô
֮޽,,ƽ˵񡣡
׼ټʹߵǰһʱ,ѽ
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·Ǻйޣ˵˼мǧһ¡
Ϊ·رҪ𣿡½һ䡣
Ϊż˾˵ء
仰һһ
ŷǱţλŹֺУȨµĶ,ص⿤ˣѵѲһңҶ,һգȻͻ׽⿤½Ҳ̽׳֦ҪҪڣϸףǿǿ̧֣ۡ
λŹլۡ޵Ҳر,ںڵǽţǽʯǣһһţͥԺ滨ݣм˳ɺȻԵõɢȵİ治֪Щʲôһ߹ȥʲôϣ
ԻƘFpian һľľ̾ͣ˼ܵˮ׹ʱ졣
е㾪زţйȡԣxie ֮ô
ְ֮ˡ˼Һֵصͷ¶һܶС΢Ц
ͷע⵽ˣǼ򵥵ؽһʡ
һⶫĺ͵һⶫģǺܶˣʩ
Էľ˻ĵĹ޹˵ùصľ̾һȣΪȣʩȥͶ죬ʱǴΪ̸ģɧǿܾһһ̸ˡ
Ҳ֪˻᲻Ⱦһ·Ⱦû죬Ҫǿᣬһ۶߹ȥͻһдӵˡ
Ͳ̫⣬ΪɶҪ̸
֮ǰֿһǸȣ˼
ǡ
ǰңŵλʹߣʿ΢Цѱȥƽԭá
£Ǹƨɾûȣˡ
ѣ΢Цſ
Ҵδ˴ǡ˵
ǵܴ裬ѵ˵½ԣǡ
ĬԶԡ

죬ҲҪЩʳ
ģǰģȵľѾƣõˮ
ˮһŮϪɴ̬
ûж꣬ǿһ⡣
Źǣǽ֮ô
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ΪΣ
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һۡ
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Ը鳯͢ô
ҡͷԸ
ˣŹкμ̷񣿡
ѿһЩۡ
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ϲЦլۡΣ
һ£ҲأլԺҲ̫ˡ
޷ܲ˵լԺשʯľϡޡЩŮ۶ҵĲͷװ˵ȥǣŶһλǰﻹϲѰɽԽ𻰣ٴɽԽ²ѡһŮ׳һΣ
鲢֣أš
һݺ񣬵㲻˽ǵĺضúֵã⿤Ҳúֵã˴Ǽ˵ʱþڴһװϵĺӡ
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ѿļƺһҲΪȲеģҲûгȰ
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