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Ƴʱûĸף׷ңӻ˽ŮƳ㡣
ǵŮʮȴһֱ˱ϢС
Ҫúãͱֺý㡣
ֱĳΣڱѩһĿ信ʵɡ
˵ϲ
Ƴ֪Ư׸ʲôá
ǡ˿̣ӻ۾Ȼһ۾ͿŮɰ⧲ĿԣѩҡεĻ⽻ӳԡ
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Ůü񻭣ԥƬ̣ŴЦΣ
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һϦ֮䣬ֻҡβƼҶСͻȻ˻̫Ӿˡ
Զѻİ飬һʼֻΪĶѡ
ŻԱ֯ɵĴһʼͰصİС
1v1 sc he
ĺ*ΪĽ̫

ݱǩ ͢ ֮
ؼ֣ǣƳѲ  ǣ  
һ仰飺xbking
⣺αװ˰ȱ


1 ѩҹ
յĴѩҪͣЪļ
ƾɵľںԵΪЯʪķѩҡҡ׹ľν̹ǵϯ䡣
ž
Ŀʵӷڽϣ˲䱻⡣
عͷվŮɫ΢΢죬ԾнĿڣƳãѾ޺ˡ
վŮԵѩڷľĶȴû˿ԣĴӰֹɡ
Ůʱӷ·ˮ⣬һֻޣҲԾڵ
ã´С߻ˣ㲻Ҫͬһƽϡպˣ㾡ңֻҪ˵һ߾ȫ
ŮԳ߽Ŵ˼ϵĶϸ۵ָΪԣתŴлл磬֪ҲǹѽҲġ
Ƴһ˵зԽĲζ
ͬĸ׽ãƽվͶƳѹξȻøƳ޸κңǳκܱĸ̣ͬøϵȴʮ󸹱㡣Ƴ绨ɼ޸ˡ
µױȰѻ𣬾Ƴסһݣ˰ѴŶˣǴĲƳ·ƳǰĳӲ¼ƽϡ
ƳãģĴ󣬵ͺˡ
ƳֿСΪЩ죬æҪסƳȴźۼıܿҲûע⣬ֻҲƳˡ
ƽ鶯ɰСղģϧ
Ƴ۾ﷺˮ⣬ĵ磬ûµġ
Խ̾˿˵ЩʲôĿȴĴ˴ԲϵĶ񣬱һ䣺ƳãҪ𣿡
Ƴɨһ۶ϵЦԽˣһı㲻ҳȥģֻǾ̫䣬Щˡ
ûԽ𻰣ƳֽŵЩȥɣʱ˿⣬ֻ¶Ӱ졣
˵䣬Ѿſڣ̾˿ΪĿһƳ
ƳãҪչ˺Լ
Ƴ䴽ġ
Խ⣬ҲöǴҴҴƳס뿪
ƳվſڣĻͷһ͵Ļȣ˻֡
ֱٿӰƳתص䣬˷š
Цȥ԰׵СԳ䵭ֽϵĶ𻺻ϣȻĽ͹Ķõ
ǸԽµδ
ˣãĸִǼ顣Ƽɽһĸ̣ȻĿġ
µãСͻڽĹâ֮¡
ǼūС檵ŮŮĸǸ׻һССĲ跷ʱýȢŮˡ
ֻɻûãĸ׾ʧ٣Ͱҽ˽̧Ϊޡ
Ƴ꣬Ҵȴꡣ
ʱҲھԵƫ֮£һŮʤ㡣ľѧڽƤ
⼸죬ǴƺͲסˡ
ƳٴδţӭͷֻһģĽӡ˿ܣȷû˲Ŵӷ˳ȥ
ܿˣһ·ߵ˸кţϸ׵ƿţֻǽ£һλɫŮӡ
Ƴ˳ֹϺţڱѩŮ촽㡣
µɫãҲ̧ǰߣ𣺡ôô
ƳϸŽ޵ӣԽңЩʱ䡣
ɫȻ˱䣬ָֻԭԽˣϵؤõ
Ƴʶ٣˶İɡ
ƳµϿκѹգеֻǶĳŭپȤջĿ⡣
ʲôͽ֮ϡ
Ȼô۹⵹úܣԽδ򣬵δԽֳʲô顣
Ϳϧˡ
ʱ²ͷƳǾȻЦвּ
ܹˣϴ˼޸κȻȰ
ƲԳԷƣƫƫҪƳѡʶѰ˸ͷƳƭ˳ֻҪһɽͻг¼ҵӦʱƳ͵κϻֵ̧̧¡
ʱƳһлҪû˵
ƳͻڳκϿģ;ˬ١
ƳµĲӣѾƸԽԽԶˡ
㣬жԶأ
ۿСӹ˶þͻΪ¼潼ˣºԼĪһĽų̣Ҿˡ
ƳŶһѻĽëϸѩͫںڣ̺Ĵ΢΢š
ɫɽ·ߣԭͣЪķѩ֪ʲôʱֹƳԼ·̧ͷǰ¡
֪ʲộߵ͵͵͵κ֪һ˶ûߣ
ҲƳ⣬Ͼɱ£ɲԵ֪
ƳǣҪͲסԼеĿܣһθеЩš
µĸ׹.ĸףʧ٣ö֮ĽƸֶԭĶԽĻԼһʼҲġ
Щ˵˸Ǹĵġ
Ƴӿ˲ӶߺХȡ²ϵĺɫǰٵĽ㣬ѩ׵Ĳ
˵Ķԣȷʵ˸
ããѩ
ƳǾź¾ˣ³һеζ
Ƴӿ˲㣡
ǰ棬ѩģƳعͷȥüƳҪڣȴû·һŲȿա
¾һ˾һǳ¡
Ƴ
˰ɣ
Ƴǰȥվ¿ȥʧǣ±ҪĶ࣬ѾĶڵϣһ
Ƴ̽ӣ̽Ľһ㣿
ûлشƳɻֽһ㣬𣿡
Ƴȥ˵ʱ²ŻĻعͷ
ʱƳע⵽ǰһλ˫ꡣ
һʹ˼µĳ˲סȥ־ĶǵںڵĳԽ׵մѪ˼ֶޡ
СƳδ⸱ģˣóһС
Ƴֻһ۱ƿĿ⣬¶ԱߣɫЩ㱣ִһ꣬ȻͬƳᶨǵþ
ƳС󣬴û¶˭¶Ŀ⣬ź˿һճ塣
л˵
˴Ϊ͸ʽĶָϣһҪĿŶ
1˵ǰ棬ڼж߱Ȼһֱ˳ë߽鵱/Ů̫ˣ¿һΡ
ʽʼףİɼŮ裬ʲôˣҲ㻵ˣҲ£Щܲ˵ıǧҪܲ˻ǿԼ
2ζǴˬģŮȻǸˣ˳ᢣıȺӲĴŮֻǱͨ˴һ㣬ĺڵðˡ
ص㡿ǴŮˬģĲǣҲδǣֻһռٷ֮ʮʮ̸ġ
ڸߣܣ˴ص㣬ߣȽϲҡ
3Ůԭͥ¼ҲΪʲô׶ڹŴڡĺвͣİֻдԭ
4ȻŮ裬Ů㣬ҲҵĸŮǸǳɰãǻŶءβ֣һĺ֥Բĺͻǿһ飬ŮеһΪԸ
5ҳҺ·ʵûô·ϣҲҪƾǰڲ²Ͷ϶ʲôʲôһôչȻԼܶȥ߹á
6.ҪŮ˳˳ˮ֣Ըγ뻷Ѳ˹ϵĳɳɳȻ෴ԭҲҪŮԱȡ
ŮСǱʣǣҪ˵ǣǸµСڸǸС⬡
ʱĲԣϣǿԸŮһĿɳҪܰŮ󣩡
7.Ů࣬ŮǳľĶǲɷԸģݳģаŮӶ̬ɰԲҪ˵òǴŮȻãСְ
8.ŮѣȨƱҪԣǽޣΪ˶ΡǣһֱŮףѡԺ˫򱼸İٰ㡣
9.Ůغͼصı룬Ů±Զ뱾ġ
о̫Ҫе׵׵ܽ1ܶ԰ΪŮԼ֮Ҫռ壬Ů裬統ŮÿСΪʲô԰˵Ҫ԰Ϊ//ҪΪоһıܿ˵ˡ
Ҫ׵һ׵ĵ2ŮСǸģ
10.۲ۣۣƪĵҪƪ壬Լһʼ飬ѡȡ
㶼ܽܵĻôķǳңڽô㷢˷ǳ۵ңһҵģ㲻ܽܵĻҲǳлǵڴ´䣩
ps.ûκð˼ÿһϲãҲҺгģǷԣвʿ˳дô࣬һжΪ˺г


2 
ѩ£ƳںڵĳϣȹڣԱߵĿ׵µԱߡ
µĿ»صϣճյĿÿ
Ƴвм˳ıϢҲ֪û
žһƳϣϸ۵ֱ˲ͼ˺졣
˭׼ģ
ǾһжҪˣƳڶµ̶ȼͣջ֣ս˷űԼȡµĺɫɫ̧ۿʱĿȴԾɴеĵ棺Ϊĺÿ𣿡
ŴǣȻͬƳ˵ֻ˵һ䣺㶮ʲô
˵ЩѾĸ첲꿴ݣʱ˸ߴһɽһ㣬·ѾģƳüͷ
ۿƺڳ֮ķչƳ̲סѣ㣬㲻𣿡
¶Ȼһ
Ƴ֪Ϊжд̣ƽվͶѹκò¶ҵᣬΪһ˶ա
ʣԼȥ𣿡
ƳһʱûӦƬ̡
Щ꣺ˣ㲻֪ġͷ˿Ե꣬Ƭ̺󣬲¶һȸҾȰͻظ´ȥ
ƳĲ
ȷʵͼȥһ
ƳֿǸԵ֪꣬ѪǻԣüͷҲ΢ţƶɢֱͦıϣûʲôΣһڣܿǸ
̫ͣʱ䣬Ϊ޵ʵ̫Ŀ
Ƴ㶢ʲô»Ӱ㳯һ
Ƴ𴽽ǣµ̾ÿ
㣬㲻δӿ²ʰɡ
¶Դƺ⣬ÿɷԽʲô
֪ʲôֵҲˣҼǵһʼԽлԼɣ
㹴.ǻ𣿡
˭һﰡ
Ƴʣôϲ˶𣿡
µ㵱Ȼ
ڰЩģֻ첲ͷƳΪҪԱҵġ
Ƴվԭأ̵Ľϵĺɫϵϣʣ𣿡
ѾǰˣδƳĻ
ѩԽԽŷѩÿһŶݽѩûһӣ¾Ѿֲסµͷϵλɢ䣬Ϊ˷סԭ۵ָҲͨ졣
ͷƳһɣָʹƳˣ̲סһ
ƻƣƳ˼⻹ҪҪԭƻ㣬оַ꣬װȥƳһۣͰͺˡ
˵ʲôƳԽԽˣŲŵһȥң
ƳĲĽҰҹû취˶ε·ϡ
ƳÿƽڸֺͰˣȻֱ׳Ҳ»ص䱾ĶԴƽҲûõȥ
Ƴ𣿡
ͣסӣ촽ķ࣬ƳҲѽ
ºݺݵصƳһۣ͸ҵŰա
ȻͬƳп֮ʱ˵ձͬƳ˵ǰߡ
ԭͲ̵·;ڶһ֮ԵԽѣѩû˿ҪͣЪļ
ջǾȴһɽܱܣὫ£ǽڣȻٴο˸ŽƳ
Ƴ鲢á
һԼһ춼޷޴Ľ㣬޲ھקͷԴ
һܾòģȻûɱˣ֪ɱʲôĲʹġ
һ͸װȥ㿴ʲô
ٴε ·ϡ
ҪƳ·ôƳٴξܾû
ԼҲһֻǷΪ˷ס꣬Ūңǰ㴵˰ѩ֫ѶĽӲŴƳ⡣
ŰͽɽûƳ˵ѾɽǿɾͲһˡ
Ƴ㲻ҪƲԳԷƣǰҲƽϣԼú룬ǻƼҴһ죬ͱֺҡ
˵ǰȥҪǿаƳϵĶƳ뷴˼Լһʱ񻹲ܾɱһ˰ˣǾͲܳ׸̯˺
Ӳֹס˶˳Ʊһ£ϵĶҲߣµĿίִŷߺޡ
⼫ˣ֪ƳϲżᷴƳƼҲֻ䣬Ķ۸ϡ
ϻƳϵ£ϸİѶǵϣַԸƼҡ
˵һ룬ʶԭƳȥ˹ѩľˣѩɽƳǽˣ˵͵úһѩɽˡ
Ƴһ֪ʲôĵһᣬ֮ǰˣƳı˲ԣĽƶ˵䣬˼̤Ȼȥ
ġ
Ȼ֪ƳЩʲôѣһȥ˹㿴
ƳڵϣһСһ֪ˡ
⣬ðŴѩ߳ɽ
ԺɽֻʣƳˡ
ģ˵ĺƳԭ۾һգգĿ꣬Ҳģûסܵǰȥ۲
ֱʱƳϸ˵ͨ˵̸ֵֹģԲѣȻҲܿЩ߲ʵ
Ƴĵ˼ҿºƼҲ฻ԣȻӳ඼ܿһӹ
ʹͷƳĲˡа׵ָ°͡
һ߿һ룬⸱ģ´߹ʱֻš
յĽˣƳſıһɫǳǳС룬к棬ֱͦı̲סıͷ
˰죬ŷԼմ˲ѪƳʱüͷʶĨԼȹϣ־òԣתĨؿڡ
ҲѪԽĨԽ࣬죺ˡ
룬ֶŻԵԹ㣬ȻǸˡ
˵ֵ˵ϲԽΪԭδ򣬿ûйϵѽ
ι˵᲻صҾͲˣʱҿɲ׸ЦĵʱҰǿɲΪĺþͲŶ
˵˰Ҳû˴𻰣ƳȤתͷȥɽ棬뿪һ㣬ͷѩȴԽԽ
ʼģ²ɣˣû̫ˡ
νƳ˸żԼ·ϣŻϡ
عͷûԼѡ
һδıˣͶɡ
ȿģǴϥϵ֣޳𪣬ָ΢΢ָ͹Ȼ󻺻һ¡
ƳĿ⽥ƣüͷ΢΢ſ˫һֱյ˫
ǲԱˣƳ˹ȥ
ɽ֮ѩ׷ף˼⧲Ŀԡ
ͫɫǳĿĿѹȸС
ʱ͸Ź䣬ںϵǡôݶвõչ⡣
ƳȷӦգգ۾ԾĿϲ磬ѽ
ΪЩ˻ƣɫɨһƳʣ˭
Ƴĳ౾ɰʱͷ𣬷βɨֱ
ƿ֣
磬ҽƳ
ѲĿ⣬Լϴ·Ůʣң
ƳŴǣ׷״ѩӳ̰׵ŮɤΣŶ
л˵
˭ܾܾһ


3 ڰ
Ŀ⣬Ƴ飬Ƭ̺Ѳ;ƿĿ⣬΢΢ףٳ
ƳЩġ
Ϸǳ죬ĵԼôѾľ·ǣôӡ
ʹüۣĵʣ磬ǲˣкöѪ
̧֣ںѲǰ˻ӣֻ۵ָ˺üճѾ˵Ѫֹˣ°ҲȫѪ
ҵ϶Ѫûкһ㣿
Ƴյĺܽһðľڣһһİŷ˵ǰ
Ѳ΢΢ӣ԰׵ıźϣöˣл
ƳˣһԹòϡ
ʵ˵Ѳ˵˺١ҽģ֮ǰҲûˡ
ƳЩԹĿźѲдšô࣬ôôҡѲ򴽣ƿĿ⡣
漴޳ָסϵĶ񣬵ݸƳɤԾЩ˻ƣϰɣ¡ҲҪ
Ƴˡ
Ȳؽӹ·ȴŲģһǵ˺أҪעⱣůǡҡҲġ
ѲƤɫЩƣ
Ǹ硭
·ڻһ֣ȴŬ˷ջ̫ԣѲҲѡ
ƺҪٸغϣѲȵĲ䡣
ƳֻźĵǺðɡԼ
Ѳû˸ơ
ƳѸٵİԼ·Լϣ鲻ϾԺԭռŵɽֲ١
ë޵ĶñƵŮûһִֻ󣬰ϣձ߱ķ죬ѩ֪ͷıѩһЩ۾һЩ
ѲܣҪͼֱվƳʱסĸ첲ȴðסֱϵ˿ڡ

Ѳֹס
ƳѲ֪ԱǲҲ⸱ģ
ĵҪʲôѽ̫ˣȲҪվɡ
Ѳɫ·ѪʵԣźۼĳԼ֣Ҳûʣģ
Ƴʵʵɽѽ֮ǰɽ𣿡
ѲδӦƳҲ֪Щʲô
ʣ磬ʲôأ
ѲȣָĨԼ°ϵѪڵ½Ѳ
½ĸϡ
ƳŶһʮȻĵѲ硣
Ѳ硣
ʵںѲ˻Ŀġ
Ѳɽʯϣ̬ĬĿƳĿ⵭ˮƳоԼڱӡ
ɵĽ۾ƳܾλᣬͶȴܴŹλߵĴݡ
ƳǳûаȫУϲĳĬϺѲĿ⣬޹գգ۾Ľë㡣
ôѽ
Ѳʣ˭и𣿡
ƳǳϤ־ǰʳ⻰Ӧȴװɡ
ֱ˸˲̫һ˵ǸѶԸһЩѰ˼Ǯ˼ҴŶûô׶Աжķ˰˳ǾڿֺϾĳһǶȷʵˡ
˵ʵˣƳһҲ飬Ϸ
ЩѾ˼ôΪǰ뷨ء˵ˣǼ︻ԣЩɽûбƼҸǮġŲͼǵǮ
ÿҲŽ硣
ѲЦӲ͸٬üƳҲ֪ԼûкŪȥֻṴŴɢĿ˸Ƴǳɵ⡣
жÿ
Ծ˿ɣƳӣ˰Ҳ֪ô
ѲٶЦƳɫ԰ףЦʱ򻹻ؿڿԣɫЩӵ˶İ
Ѳڿ꣬԰׵Ĵմ˵Ѫɫ˫ȣ㿴ĵط
Ƴ򴽣ĵӦòᲡɣһһ˲Ҫ赹Ĵģɾƺ
룬ûٴλȥȰص˵ˡ
ɤӣʼ뻰⣺Ҿʱ㿴ҪˣһΪҪҽһʱء
Ѳܵ𡣡
Ƴ
ƳûôڣѲ㿴ɽ棬ʳһȽʵʵ⣺ѩһֱôţôȥ
ʵĺá
Ƴƿһ棬¶ǳ˵
Ŀ
ƳҽӦû˹ɣߵʱ˵ġ
Ƴ˵Ծ˺Ѳߣƨѹס˺Ѳɫ°ڣÿԼȹڣ¶׿ϸСȡ
ѲʶҪƿĿ⣬Ƕ죬Ҳʲô˻
Ƴһ·ָԼϥǣˣ߲̫õ·ѩʱ򣬽˵ҪȻȥ˵ȥ˽˹ǡ
ʵʲôҲѲҲ֪ν˵ʲôز
ԭҪһߵģɽ㲻׼Ҵ㡣
ʱţҲ֮顣Ѳʲôʣôһˣ
ҪǸһߣȵģҪǲˣҾͲˡ
סѲ䣬С̫Цӯӯ磬ʵҲŶ
ѲĿŮŶϵƿΪ㣿
ƳŴЦ˼Ҳȫǡ
һʼʱҷҪ㣬ɽ㲻Ը⣬˵׸
治ɫĵߵڰףĺÿѽ͸ı⣬Ұɽ
ңԺ󣬲׼˵Ҿ㣬Ҫ˵㣡˵Ҫ˵©ʹҵȡ
ѲܵȴЦ⣬ΪƳڽǰ˱΢Ͼ޷ǾЩ֮֡
ô
ƳֱԵ۸ңҲϲ˶
Ѳ磬Ҫұѽʱǰ˵ˣ͵ʲôҲ֪ˡȻȿǱסˡ
ѲǸνĽȤƳ˵һûôϡ˳ԼƳס°ڣƳ״ŲŲλãͼѲǽЩѾվ
˵°ϵĻҳƳһۡθߴӸ¿ʱȻɫɢѹȸС
ƳϲָоҲվ
ѩƺСһ㡣
Ƴ濴ȥȴ֪ʲôʱ򣬶ëĴѩͷ
ıӰȷ˵ĺأղվʱע⵽ָʹϾġļԾֱͦһ·ݵ
ƳһִǴ˿ߣסġ
ƳԾָȥվߣ˺ܺѩһ߲˵ġ
Ѳ޵ʹǹģ˭˵߲ˡ
Ƴ򴽣ȻͻȻץס˺Ѳֱۣٴΰס˿ڡ
Ů̧ͷ̺Ĵľţ͸۾ίҲܡ
ҪˣҽĻҵȵġҪһߡ
ЩίĺһҾ㣬Ҫ
Ѳ˱ۣ֡
Ҫˣ˵Լˣʱô¸γϡ
ƳҡҡͷҲŲҪ
ʱããѩǰͻȻ˼Сڵ㣬Ƴϸϸ˹ȥһƬģУϳµѾ¾Աߡһһܿɾûôˡ
û뵽»Ĵ˹ˣ¶˱лҪһЩ
˽⣬ƱҪԺѲ꺮ůǿһԼôģ˵񶾵ڮ䣬ûϵⶼ⣬ûӵŮֻ䱻á
Ƴ鲻Խ𴽽ǣĽ㲻֪Ѿ˼ҵѾһǴýȵǡ


4 
һȻҲǣƳԶԶľͿӿŲ˹
Ƭ̣һͣƳͺѲǰ
ƳĿɨһˣȴδ淢µӰӡڿɵһݶЩʧתһ룬½Ѳ򵥣һ¹˾ʲôʵ䷴Ҳû
ԶֻƳץźѲֱۣʱ֪ԼСжӵġ
ƳʲôôС㿴ϵˣ
ԭĳѾɤۣȴʱһִгԵƮƮĿһۣԼ©һġ
Ӳ˻ȥþִշ죬ֱ۾λС˵ġ
˰Ҳ֪γƺĿİͰԽԽ졣
ѲҲȥˣʱڵǵġ
Сĵ̧ͷһۺѲСʱ˵ڻԣū澸Ͻ˹ūһ·ϣǸˣ
˵ţע⵽Ƴ־Ȼץֱۡ
Ƴ⸱ģʵڲмˣһ治͡ƫƫͲ֣ڡ
Ƴô񣬻֣
Ļ˵꣬ƳͿջԼ֣ԴԲ㡣
ѲƳһۣĬĬĽԼĴڸУ羪֮СŮͷʵˡ
ɹ˲Ľ㣬ֻߵһѾ߶ѡ
ੲݵҼСʱʪ͸ˣ·Ҳ߲ȣ촽ףСǧ裬ܹί
˵Щδ٣Ϊ˸ЩĨĨԼϵ᣺һū澴
ѲͷˣȻЩɨһˣĸǻȥͲء
û˵꣬ѲͷԼڱ
һ˫ˮӣɾϸȥ￴ĵӰ
ʱޱ߼ʵĴѩޱȡ
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ŴסЦҼСԸģΪ˾㶼ԼˣվվȣҪҼүţҪء
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Ƴʱĸ޹ʧ٣һ꣬µĸ׾ͱ˽˾Ƴһ¡
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˼䣬ƳѾߵſڡ
ţͷһԻǵ
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ƵɫãûΪҪȥ⼸޳ǳʲô¿Ǻã
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ˮ̼ӯۿίҪȥģǽ˵ңҸߵġ
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Ƴ˰죬ҲûѲ˵棬ĳĬޱȺ档
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ѾһѣɫҪõö֮࣬Ƴʱ˼

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ʱƳҪţˮѾʪӣֱӺѲ۾
Ļ̸ֹ࣬ǳˣޱȡҲڼ֦ҶЩʶ֪ʱѵĲȴͨ˼ҿԻá
϶ͬӦҲŵԵģҪץס
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ͻȻ䣬·Цһ£ǶЦġ
סŷĿһֱԼ
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5 
Ƴգһ˫۾ۿ³Ѳ˷ӣȻһͷ߳˷䡣
ľ֨ѽһϣž
ƳֻƬֱ̣㶳ͨ죬Ѳ˼ĳѲЦЦȻСѯʵ䣬ҿɲԽѽ
ѲɨţӦûԶɣ
Ƴ˵ֽ̧Щľͷ˽
漴ֵ˭˵Ҫ
ŵͷ֪ůͶ٣ƳæĹڵǴ˸
Ѳ߹ȥȻȻڴߣͬ棬ȻȲʣ磬ҽ㷽Ŷ˵Щʲôѽ
Ѳʵʵ𣺡ǵˡ
治ǵˣǰλľˣǲƼң𽵹ȥӦһ̻Ů
ƳúѲȻƭƽĶۣ㻹мɫġ
ͣ㲻Ҳϲҽɣ
ѲɫģԾǸ䵭ɢģƳǴв׽˼˿ʧ
ܶ˰죬Ǿء
ƳͨʱûĴ˴첲漴ʵôѽ
ѲδشƳ⣬ֱӣֽı˹ȻӵƳϡ
ƳչӣԼϣһɫӣӣҸĸпͰ
Ѳ˫ֳԴ棬Ƚһ˵ӣɫôղŹ
˵ƳϵЦ㵭ЩĿ⣬ίΪֱؽ
ΪΣ
Ƴ̾˿ͼӴ׵ҵ˵ˣͬһȥģҺúõģ᲻ҽ죬׼˸ͳԵġ
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صޱס˺Ѳд߳ȣС˺Ȼ§סһСţΪԼĺΡ
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˿̾͸ˣֻǴôܾ˵ʮֲ͡
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ǰƽ˴ģԷȴʼ䵭
ź˼ȥǾӦͬ˵˵Լξġ
֪ʱûŮ֮飬ԵĲ˵˲飬Ǹжرˣ͵ʱ̸ֱ档
أԾƲ
ɬĿڵ½ӣ֪Щͻδϸúúǡ㲡ˣߣ˵һǣҲǿġ
Ƴķϣݣֺأδ֡
˾ˣ־ʵƣԭķһֺ棬ǳһһıǻ
¼˽ΪӦЩԵֵģɽ궼¹ѩˣɺϡ

ºûûһ㣬ƳԼҪƻˣµһԽԽ÷ꡣ
ŮںѲϣ޹ǵֱޱʵʵƵͷ󺹣СɵıǼϷ㺹ˮ̧ͷʵܣֵͷ뽫ǼϵĺںѲϡ
˵ûȰҲҪ㣬ҺûġôС㣬ֻԼˡ
ҳȥ˹ҲһôҲԸȥ
ڰҲ֪Լģû̧ͷһ˫ǿӲĴסĸ첲
ƳסҶˡ
һҲԸ⣬ҲյѩʵǴǲˣ˵ҲҪڴˡ
֮⣬˵״²Լȥɲ˭ģǸ˽þĲνء
ڴĿźѲȴѲƺһֱһƣɫҲ緽ǰȻ
Ŀ⣬ѲЩܵһ漴ֵ𣿡
֪Ѳû˵
ˣòܲ˵ǰȥָƾʲôںѲǰȴʲôҲ
ֻһ·ѡ
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סֱ۵Ĵֽ˽ƺھƳ˲ôˣٲȾҪˡ
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ֻúѲµıӶе֣ôҲ벻Ȼһˡ
ûʳڣѲɫˮɨʱϢѹȸУڳɱ
˵𡣡
㶵ĵͷ֪ԼʲôһʱҶԡ
ޱǾͳȥ
ָ߬Ŀ֪ķţЩң֪ΪκѲͻȻɫѾһ˷Ӧ
ľٴαϣ°
¯ƳֱѲˣЩţСڹһڱԴҳȥ
˰Σŵͳ΢㳵洫
㻹Ҫʲôʱ򡣡
ƳֽĿסǣúѲ϶ˡɣ
ĥ˰죬ƳСĵɿӣ̽ԴһͶ
Ƴһ壬ȷˣʲô
ѲȴƺһҲӰ죬ʣ˭׼Ҷģ
ƳѲҡ
˵ǺȻ䷢ʲô˵һ㣬͵شսſؿڣѲٴνӲ
ֻĲһ㱡죬ɢ׵Ƥϣѩ￪ǾޱɫƤȴȵҪ
Ƴ𴽽ǣգգ۾ǲ
磬Ϊʲôѽ
л˵
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СմսѼ


6 Ť
Ƴ˵ʱǳϢϣڵͫʾעƳü䵭дŵң֪԰޳ָ߬˱ǡ
δĸŮӵô
ڹпᡣѲĵøƿʶԼǶôԽ
Ƴ֪ߵĿںѲͷ󵨵ͬӣЦ۾Ǳ¶ԵУµĳյȭͷϡ
ָа׵ֱָָͦıȧǱߣһֽģʣ
̫𣿡
ǡ
ΪʲôҲȡ
䣬ŮȴֵָͱѲ͵ץסٺΪƵľ
˵ʲô
Ƴ¶ҡû˵ʲô
˵գĿԼסϣίץôʲô
Ѳϳ˺ܶඳٿȻɿ֣Ӳ´β׼ô
ƳջأԼԼ࣬˺֡
㻰ôôࣿ
ƳԸˣ߶׼׼ǸģôϲˣүҲûãֲСѾߡ
ѲŴ뷴߻תֻǲϲ
ƳƳ컹δ˵𴩣ҵҵά裬ĵ´Զһðɣ
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Ѳϵ˶ΪˣճƲȶʲأԭ游ʷǣ޲һɰȴڹ׷ɱŵɽ
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˵ľˣ⻰ʵš

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ɲӦģѲ͸ϲŶԣû֮ǰೡÿƹȻ䵭ƺӣԵ˿Ц
ָоֻһʼƼҵʱС
Ůãù⣬˶ڼ˵ûʲô棬ʲôǶЦ
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Խȭ˵ɫ£ɲҪڡ
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ԽôҲѧ峵ţ˵ֻŭҲֱֻӷȥ
վԭأЩء
ʵ˵ͺˣǾͷˡ
ƳҲûжͣ鲻һ·ȸԾŻصԼƷӡ
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7 Ѫ
Ƴ뿪᷿ãС˽ΪѲȥҩ̣ѲһδС˲ɻȴҲ֪ӵ²ܸģĬŲδڡ
ǺѲԥǳʵƼֻλС𣿡
Сһ£漴عӣˣȷڶСʱʧˣүͬҲֻдСһŮ
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С˼ѲӦ֪ѲǸƸ֪С㱾ȷСʱȷʧ٣Ȼүѷˡ
С˵˶٣Ȼּ˽˴С㡣
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С˵˵ɽ֪ؿмԨԴ˵ˣֺլ֮£Ҳû˭⡣
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⻰˵С˿ɲˣСӱͺһЩִȣ˵ˣ⸮ү˶ƫ̻С㣬СԹԣͬ˭˵أ
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Ƴ̾һǰȥ
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СĴ֮˾֮Ųһͷˣ㻹ٱ𣡡
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Ƴϻ˺ÿЦݣ½Ҫʲô
ɨһһŵƷӣ¶м֮ɫС㿴ʵûʲôֵġ
Ϊһյѵ⣬µǮ¶Ҫȥǲޣ·ƣ˭֪ԳŵĶС㣬ץ˰ѱ
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ֻ֣Ҫӡ
µٺ»ƳٲҲƼҶС㣬Ǯеġ
ƳȴҡҡͷʵûôǮ
վƳ϶˵ٻС㣬ĪҪڲū澡
Ƴ㿴е𣿡
ɨһΧͬģӵһתСûжУС˵⸮мַģȥ裬˵ʮҲеġ
費
üƳ̬Ȳ⣬вȻˣǾͱū澲ˡ

ʵ˵ƳĲȥ״
ֻһᷳˣװװ޹˵ΣȻͣ˵û
һӣܶġһѾߣʲôıҪ
˼ˣƳ̾˿Ȼ󾲾תϷš
¾úЦС㣬ʲô˼ΪŹҾͳȥˣ
Ƴɨһ۷䣬һֵߡ
ע⵽ƳĿ⣬üС㣬˵Īɵ˰ɡ
ƳһԼģ˵ʱ¶Ǵӹ͸ģһ˾ŵʱԻ˾á
ԱȣǾԵô˿ޱģ
ƳɫȻǽǣȻϴԽ޴µ
ԾɿƳڸʲôɵƳһ߹ʱһ˼뷨
̫ţ岻ϵˣԻңʲô
㡭Ѳ붯𣿣
ţֻƳȻһЩʵϸҲ˵Ը񲻿֣ܶǶˣҲĶ֡
Ƴûлش߽޴ѹȸ
ǰӣһֱ۵ƳȻһ־Ŀסĸ첲ϸָá
Ȼɵѵֱͫۡ
Ѫһ̻
û˵ڵĻ˻ȥͷµڵϣͷʼͣѪģ
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ͼ۾ǰһƬѪɫǵصĿ־ѹ˵ڳݲĵС㣬ġҡ
ƳԴʣҪȥ״𣿡
æҡҡͷظСģŹҡ
Ƴɿ֣µ·Լ˲֣Ҳһԡ
˶٣Цֿɰû㡣
µɴ۾ȴѾ˴𰸡ŵġ
⸮£˴СͷżСɫһϲλȴĶС㡣
ǳĬĽܲƽȻ¶Цݣ⣬ǣǰģλĶС㡣
ƳҲûɱվԼȹӣĸ´οɲ鷳Ŷ
㷴ֻʣ죬ҿ֫ŵĬĬȣƳԶһЩҲʼԾķ
ƳҲ⣬Ҳɱ˵ˣҷ㲻ǿɾͲһŶ
֣߰ɡ
ԺƳ´򿪴ţ͸չ̼䣬˱ۣŶů
ĸʱ뿪ģĸ׵ӡѾʮֵҲĸҵԼ֮
꣬Ѿʮˣ֪ԼҪʲô֪һ˱ϢСˡ


8 
ķңĴţɢ˷ѪȣƳϴɾߣֳժ˼֧ɫ÷
§÷ʱɫݵԽͷ߹ƳЦݣ§ס÷Խ˻֣磡
Խ̧ͷڿǰͤͤŮʱԼɥһƳÿǣǿļº͵Ц
ƳӿŲߵԽǰһ۾ͿĲԾ磬ôѽǲǲģ
ԽһůԾ˶ԱȣõƳú¾Ȼͬĸá
ԽҡҡͷûʲôƳΣ
Ƴȴûлش⣬ɫ磬ǲĿͬ˵ѽ˵Ұﲻʲôæ˵ôҲһЩ
Ƴͷұһ𳤴ô
޵÷ӳƳ毺õԽֲʹľ͵Ϊ£δҲ̫ǵĻ·ˡ
Ƴһ죬Ǽ£˵æסǲС˵©졣
Խûϸ˵ЩҪЩȥʵˣŴԽɫ֪
ƳɫΪѣ磬˵ҲҪ⡣
Խżõ˵޷
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ƳοҲǹġ
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ֻǽ꣬ƼΪ͢Ҷ˰նиǹּҵ˼ǹӪĲͬྺƷ໥Ĺϵ
ƳҲ̾˿磬Ҷԣҽʵ̫ˡǻûףʹ˻պǳˣ֪ʲô
ǰԽĵ̵µĵ̵ӳǽʱΪɽЦϺڣ
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9 
⼸ճ̫ǰջѩʼڻ·ʪģƳ黹㲻·Ļк⸮ﵽûˣ඼ڡ
һ·ȸԾߵ᷿ĥźѲĲʲôʱá
˺֣ôѪûҽԼҲͰˣȻ˵ģ۲죬˺صˡ
СƿĵҪƿøֱΪʲôҪ͵͵ҩķӦ϶˼
õţ㲻ԾѾߵ᷿ĳԣЩѽŵʯ·ֻһȥ
ֻʱԼƵĴתǴ
һֱŵǳЦ˲˻ȥջؽŲҲͿ첽ߡ
µĸףޡ
ܺޣС¡ӡģŴԵģʺʺ촽Ƶϲĺ촽ƳµľǾ졣
׵źϣܾˣôôʲôĽڣıѡ
磬ʱЩҲδģ
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ȴ˿ĵִ¶ĹҲΪСϿɣ۸ѡ
һ޸һ̵Ӹụ́ȣȴҪȡСĲԹɫǰĸֳ˵ȾǲȡִУ޽Ӹ򷭣ϡ
̵ĸ̼ͰС۵Ƥ̵ͨ죬ޣշȴޡ
ˣƳĹСץСѾ´ֵģȴֱСƵĺƤС۵ֱл
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СƳõѣƳֹס˿Ĺڵ޲Ҫ˺Сơ
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ҿ˵ˣ˸·˻ЩѯҸ㸸׵ͬ⣿
§޵ĸ첲ѽҲǾȸ˻á
޺һƽĲôģҵǲףǳʲôԳ⸱ģҪ㶼Ҽ
ĸŮԽԽƳӿŲ⸽޲֮ء
һ˲޵Ƴ𣺡Ƴ
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Ϊʲôãã˺ƫƫƵˣʱû˿ԤףһһϢĸҲʲôû˼ױױڸĸѣҲܸԼĸǹġ
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գѲͬһͬؾɽвһʰˡ
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Ѳ
ĨĨᣬ˰ڵնСֱˣСʲôҲû
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һֱڶǣӣ˵Сƾʲô


10 糺
ӹ죬Ƴķܱ߾ֻͷںڵķɢ
ž֮УһƵĽŲ˹
ͣ˲ԶûйƳҲ̧ȥ˭ִžͻȥˡ
Ƭ֮󣬽ŲһһԽԽ
ȵ˫ѥͣǰʱƳ̧ͷ
ɫͫȫѲӸµĿ忡ûʲô飬һ¼ҹɫΪһ壬ȴߴ˫ЩɢıƳⱲԶҲòĶ
˶ǣһûЦµͷȥ
Ѳ㻹Ҫ򵽺ʱ
ƳΪѲſڣ̡
Ѳ𴽽ǣЦôǵĻ
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룬Ѳᶮġ
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ʵ˵һҲźѲĻ
Цס֣ôҲôˣȻĸָܵϵļ룬סһ˲ս
ѡĲֻҪ̼Ӿܴﵽ޵ҪȻѹվԼĬĬȥҲ˵Ҳᡣ
ǵѲǰֵһ̣ͻȻ֪ΪʲôҪأҪܣҲʲôӳ飬һ˲䣬ֻ뷴Ϊ˷Ҳԡ
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ڶִʣ䳡֣һһžĺҹһݵ΢Ĺ
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ȣٶڴ˿̻Ƴ˵ǳġ
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ѲδƸԾܣȥƸϣһҿջ
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Ѳϻð̵ȲݵƳǰƳȻ֣ް֣²豭ϵӵݸ
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ѲһֱſסԼûиһ𶶡

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11 ˻
ҫķӯʵů⣬Ů۵΢΢ۿˣѲǳʱ˵ǰĸֻԲСèҲϲ
һͱβҲҡˣֻøյСŻǿͷһ֣Ȼë޵Դꡣ
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վԱֻҡͷָ£ȴ嶯ˡĲ˵˴Խ˻飬պ˭ԸȢ㣿
ɤ˵˺Ѳ˼䵭̬־ίԽͺ𣿵㲻Ҳ˵ּԽԽûˣǼˮǴߡ
ãһƵŭⱾûжұʱǰ˵ΪԼʲôǧСˣûãԻǽԼνǱ߻Ҫô˵˵Ҫû׹ϵǮ˷𣡡
±Ƶ˵ͷһ£ôࡣ
ĿİͰ͵뷴ҲҵĴԽͬƳüȥģ̡
ƳԼѣһеı飬Ժ˽ȥ
˵㱻˻ˣʵż
Ƶ̾˿˰ֵҲա
һ⻰ƳڷٿȻվͷƳʲôҫʲô
Ƴ򴽣ε㣬ֻǹ㡣
ˣ㣬Խ˻ġ
ž
һ쳹ãƵ֣ɫࣺ㻹֪
һֱӰȵ˵ϡ
ƳſڣһˤˤƳűߣͣǻѪǰһ˫Щ׵ķɫЬ¶ס̧ͷ
չԵƳЩް
ͷӣûº͵Цڵͫ͵ߣ̶һ˲䣬¶ɡ
»ëӵָƳȷ㣡Խ˻ġ
û޶Ŀ£
ڵƳˣɫƣǳߵƵԱߣӣҪĻ취ô
ƵƳϣƳ˳ֵݸһյ裬Ƶӹ̾㶮¡
ֵܸԽϵȽϺãȥȰȰ⺢̫嶯ˡ
ƳɵŮȥĵԭҲƫˣҪǽʵǹˡ
ƵҲһЩϻʹԽĴԣüһδŮӣһ˷żʲô˼ϳȥ
û˵Ƴʱ򲻿ɵ
Ů˵˲ɽˣ޹ģɽ鰸ʱ⵽˰㣬űȡ
鰸
Ƴ˵ͷݲŮȲҪĺá
Ƶյϣû£ٴο£̾˿㵱ӲҪ޸Խʱ򣬿һ졣
ĻԼֱ˵˻飬Լã㻹Ҫ𣿡
޿ȥͻСҲ
ƳҲŵʮߣֽ㿼ǵĲȫ
Ƶڿһۣȥһ䣺
ʮ껹ɵӰ㣬ͱˣڼЩա


12 
˵
С󶯲ͱؽյһ۳ĵô׾
ȰȰ
Ƶʱǿ²˳ۣҲ˵ϻƳȴƵǰĿǰ״򴽣к⡣
Ȱʲôø㳤ѵ
˵꣬Ҳת뿪ˡ
ʱбֻʣѾС˻ºƳˡ
ܻĵƳƶƳ԰ɡ
ƳӲ˲ϷŽĲˮôôأҲڰ𣿡
ŭЦƳǲΪӮˣ
Ƴûƣ˵ʵûİµһ֡Ҫ˵¸ϵ㣬˼ôĻ󣬻Ҫ˼һը
Ƴûд棬ЩǶСκο񣬲⽿ԵĴСƽϡ
Ƴ߹ʱҧгݵĿڣװĶ԰ɣ½ѲӶҲ˵ʲôɣ
ѵôһᡣ
бƳʱһԾװôҶϲ㣬ʲôܵ𣿡
ƿĿ⣬ˣҶԶƼҴС㡣
㣬ƳһһҵĽš
˵⻰ǼƳĶ䣬⣬ĳ̶ֳϣĻȷû
ʲôαװ˵ϲΣıΣǶҪССְˡõģԾǲɺݵλ
ĸƼҴˣҲǸޱȣڽо٣ǰ;պпܻıְʱ˭֡
ƳȻ֪Щֻ΢Цţ޵˫ƳһۣȻԱ뿪ˡ
ƳֱƵ˹ȥ
Ƴ£ҲԹԣƵƳԾƺмͷԣְйȥʡȻƵ˵ҪĻƳúԽԴΪأϾΪƼҼǲóġ
ȵҹĻ٣Ƴų
ڵ磬ʱʱһ̣Ѿȫ⽥Ƴ·ḽĴʱɷŻ˽Ų
ҪҪȥѲ￴
ʵȥ½ѲˣΪϳ˲ȷԡƳ²⣬˵һǸ̵ЩαȲ£ܹ鲻Ǹͨˡ
Ҳûʹһô˾ҲȲƼҡ˵ʵߣ˵ʲôŵġ
վһᣬƳǶԼķˡ
һûѣòάϵʲô顣
Ÿ߳ȥûƳӭһϤˡ
Խͬһʯϣͷƺ˼ʲôû
ƳЦݣ磡
ԽٿȻ̧ͷ۾ֳ︡ӿŲƳƳã
ҲŴӸǳ
Խ򴽣Ƴãҡ
Ƴ⸱ŲֹģµҪ˵Щʲôº͵Цҹɫ͸ּԭҪܿ⣬ϾԽмô
ͬ⣬ǴӦʵ̫ίԼǲӦպļƻ²̫ýС
׼ڣֹĸоһֱӵĸо
Ҫ˵ڵĻסŴ˼̧ͷʱɨһԼĸ
Ƴɫ䣬˵ĻȴͬĴྶͥ
磬˵ʲô˵ɣҪҰʲôæ
Խæ֣Ƴã˵
ƳĻȭͷҽͬ˻ˡ
˼Ǻľͬ±ϾӲ̫ʣպһҲĥ
Ƴգգ۾ǲΪҪͻȻ˵Щ
ԽȢˣ㡣ɫ棬ƳãպȻһһ㣬һɡ
ƳٿȻ۾ôС
ԽƳǱŵˣæ͵Ƴ˵һʼͬĻԼ?һţʱҶֻһˣ㣬պҶ㲻ί
ƳһԲƬ̺üͷ磬ʵûЩǰҶδŮ֮ġ
ԽһЩˣûϵģշ
Ƴҡҡͷ
˵ҪܿԽǰߣԽһżҪסƳñŸ첲Ҫѣ磬㲻Ҫ
Ƴã˵Ҳǿ㣬ֻǡ
ſң
ƳԽԽԽᣬԲֻ֣˵꣬Ƴá
ƳѲ첲ҪԽץˣż֮£ۿЩ죬ſˡ
ʱԽȻʹһȻջ֣ɫʹץԼ
Ƴ岻㣬Ѳûбסֻһֵֻ׾ٵĵסƳıֽ˻
Ƴһϵıȴάžź£ƽһ˺յ󣬸Խ磬Ҷ㵱û˼
ЩίղͬףϾ˵Щ˲֪Ϊʲô
Ѳ֪ʲôԽԽڻûԼĸ첲˺ѲĿ͸ž裺˭
ƳҪܣѲͱŸ첲Ŀ⵭ģЩͣôʲô
Ƴӣ͵͵һԽҲû취
Ѳû˿ҪԽ˼תߣθߴݣ˵ϣ˲ҴΡ
Խססˡ
ƳһԽȻת׷˺Ѳ
ѲߣƳֻļͷԴźѲô˰
Ѳһۣ͸͸û뵽һ
Ƴʲôһ˸ղš
Ѳһ»ؾͲҪǱˡ
ƳһѲ㲻ײҾͳԴ˰ɣ
Ѳͣ÷ֻбһۣλд
ƳҲ⣬źѲԺӣһ;쵽Ĳͬ
˶ˡ
һʱźѲСˣȴѾͷɹˡ
˵ڣԺѲʲôᴫȥ
ƳܻģЩͲסԼ˷ܡ
ǰѲͦεıӰƳʼʩ򵥴ֱĽһȥ
ץס˺Ѳӣˤ÷Ⱥܴ󣬺Ѳñֱˤȥ
Ȼֱۼʱס˳˵˺ѲĻ
ס֮󣬺ѲҲû֡
Ƴ㶣ûӦڳߵɫѲͻȻս
˵ʱЩԵѹȸһ̧۾ܿ͹ĺᣬƳסټĽ
ѹĵͣߵô§һô
л˵
кŶ


13 צ
ҹϣŵ⣬Ƴ˲˹
Ĭץ˺Ѳֱۣ˲䣬˫еȻѷֲ١
΢΢죬ƳһŵĴӺѲܳĿдԱץľȡ־ǡôŵ飬ȴ˿˳ɰ
ȾɫƳڳһȴӲͷƤϵӣ
˵ʲôֲǹġ
Ѳջ֣Ĵз·УЩϰߵ͵͵Ħָȴ˿ԣƶ࣬
װʿɶֹƳǣôˣô˼㣬㲻𣿡
Ѳνʮѡ
ӦƳġ
԰գѲΪʵ㲻鷳
˵ƳǰԹʲô취أֲ˱ģַֻʽ
ͷģʣǲǺܻѽ
ѲίģĬĬƿۣ֮ˣⲻԼѡ𡣡
Ƴҡҡͷ㲻
Ѳȷʵ뿪Ļᡣ
£ǵĴ𰸵ȷܹͬļͥٱʲô롣
ǲһİɣԶõڴ
ƳתͷЦ崿ЦڻѩѻµĶԵøȻǲң

ѲĬ˰죬Ѿﵽ֪˵ЩʲôĵóĽۣ
ƳЦ㿪Цѽ½Ѳ̫Įˡ
ȺѲشƳָָŵȥɡ
ѲԹôһȥȥĻ㲻ǻ𣿡
ƳĹЦһ˭Ҫһȥ
Ѳ˳ǣͦεıſϣЩͻأѵо졣
Ƴһ
̵תҪ뿪߳ȴֻعͷɫ½Ѳ
ȥĻعҷҪ
ֻΪ⸮ҵһӰ죬Ժ޹˼ɸ˵˵˶ѣԲʮ졣
ʵҲԵġ
ƳͷѲɫ
ӲĺѲĶ⣬Сү۵һ𣬾עȹ֮
꣬ĲǡǡǶĵĿʼ
Ƭ̺󣬺ѲָһƳĶͷ忡ӴŵԼ֪ݣ
ҼȴӦ㣬ûзڵĵ
ƳЦлл磡
˵תܳԺӣͷʱϵЦֲֿáһֱᣬЦȥ
űѲĵطϵıЩްĴ͸˼뼥
˶һӣһ˶ģֱ򵥵顣
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һؽգƳӾ˲٣⼸ƵָߵĽƵ鷿ٲӲܡ
˵ƵûƳĸ״ڣҲһμѻǳɻ꣬ƵһֱͨԼó谮֮޿ƵʱҲӲܡ
Ҳ޲ʱ
żʵ˵ȥĵطͻƮƮ˵һ䣺ĸ׹ôһң©⣬ôˣ֪¡
Ƴһ¾ʮ꣬ＸԹԡ
Ƴùţ±˵˵Ҫ
¼ʱĿȻҲĶͷϴ˲Ž裬Щ
ƳЦʣ½㣬ôͿ´
ǰͷûгֻּӿЩ
ڷһڵĹԲٺ࣬Ƴһžͱ׳ʵ͸žһˡ
Ƴƣһµģʲô𣿡
Ҳͬ˵ϻ֦Ķġ
ױǹȥˣôϣƺ϶ôһʱء
ǼȻˣȥɡ
Ƴһĵʲôû
̧̧ۣһñӵ͸㲻֪ð˳ûƳӦͶ˵ƳϳһޣƳһʱûӦĵ˵ϡ
˵
Ƴͷǰ޵Ь⣬ֳסأٴβܿƵķ
̧۵һ˲䣬еʧ
ǳģĸףҲ˵ֻﵱʱȷ˵ģɣҲȷ
ţᵹǲˣ
Ƴ򴽣Ȼֿ˿ܱôѾߡ
޻⣬ңڿ˵˰ɣ
һµڻʹƳޱõֻ׵ʱѾֻ֪һߣǸѾ߾ͳ˸Ҳǰոմסġ
Ƴ⻰©ٳ޾ƳƭҲû룺Լ˽𣿡
ƳҡҡͷӦᣬӦֻǸ֪ĸǮׯ˸ֻҲȡó
˼ƳǺ¼ˣŮ˽̣Ҫգͬһȥ
ЦʶЩ
ƳҡҡͷԼ˿ǰҲ֪ô»ұ֪ĺá
޵ȻȥʱƳǮֻܶ˵ģҪǰ֪ˣⲻҪ˵ռƳĲƲ
Уͬһȥ
Ƴһˡ
ͷչϣƳ˱̧ۣʱԵЩ
ԭôģֿԣǾ͹ֲװʮС׻еôˡ
ڶգޱСų˸
Ϊ˲˻ɣûиƳһȥѾҲֻһ
Ƴ˵ĵطƫƧƸԶֻһСЩҡ
Ѿ߷ޣܱ߻Īǰ˵Ļʱţڵܾףˣū澾ƳǸСӲ򵥣ǻǻȥɡ
޲мЦ˼ʲô򵥵ģǸƭң֪ġ
ԣѾСΨΨŵŵģҲԼǶˣ˽ȥ
Ƴһˡ
Цӯӯĳ޻˻֡
Щ߽䣬ƳһյȲ棬ȺȿȲ裬ȥԺҶˣ͹
ɫãɱһڣůһЩüͷ壬ôйɾζ
ƳʱУԼġ
Ҳûж⣬һڲ衣
ƳվۿѲˮ¶ǣֺõЦݲȥ
һͻȻȻƵǰס˴ţڶʱû谵
üʲô
Ƴƽз
԰գת𴽽ǿͶˡ
ʵڹ죬ɫЩæҪվһȴͷһֵϡ
ҡҡͷͼԼѣˣҺʲô
졭죬ϲѩҪʲô졭ֹ
ϲѩǰȥվ޵ǰС㣬㡭
ƳһѾ߷ϻƳǸСɲ˲ϲѩͱƳЮס
¾ͰϲѩȻɷ˵°ͣʣµĲˮ˽ȥϲѩû˵
ֱ˿̲ʶʲôûֻõɴ۾вƳ֪֪ԼڸʲôɱңҪˣҲˣ
𣿡
Ƴﲻ֪ʲôʱһӡ
޵סŵĿƳƳվصĳһӡ
ž
һӾ׼ޱȵ޵ϣ϶ʱһѪۣ޴УſڵȥƳıӣȴġ
ƳҴң
ӣ
Ƴ㲻𣿵һȥ͵ɡ
޵Ƴû˵ֻÿһ䣬Ƴͻһޡ
ſڵϼţɢңſƳűߣʵڲ֪ôͱ
һ¡Ƴ˵Ҫʲô
˵˵ֻҪ˵Ҷ㡣
Ƴŷıӡ
ƽһΣվֱӣӸµĿڵصޡ
ĸоʵ˷ܣƳƲסȥǲ£ƯԵùŤ
˻
Ƴۣĸţ
ţ̧ţԼɫЬס޵ͷЬø˿档
ʣ֪
ؿ˿ڿˮֻԼ˸ӣ󣺡ҡ
Ƴ𴽽ǣÿԼĽţȻӣס޵򢣬
.Ƶģ
Ȼңĸһ͵ҡ
۵ò㡭ʧ٣ûйϵҲ֪ûС
Ƴ⣬ʲôϵ
һ죬ǡҪʲô˵ͺáҪҪ˺ҡ
ƳӲȥϵĻҳҴɱ˵ġ
һвӿϲֻҪųȥͱضƳ
û޷Ƴϵ˴ϣȻʼ·
жһֲõԤУпֻţæС㲻
ƳȰ˰ǵĲˣڹӺϳһζˣĿֻ࣬һ׿㣬ѾĲʡ£ѾĽ˷޵ߡ
Ƴվ飬ĿǰһĻ
Ů˼۵Ǳ޺ۡ
޾ֵĿУƳԼıӷ˵
ˣû뵽ҰϲôҰѽ
޶ˣѾĶ˶ţȥƳѵҸιҩֻаʱãʱҲҪˣҪǰŪˡ
ʣµĲԶ
ˮͻȻúܺڣ֮ǰûѾߵȰ裬ôһֱΪƳǸ˳ܵСѾͷûСʱ
Ƴϲѩ߳˷䣬Ȼ޾Ŀй˷š
ûʲôѾߣⲻƵͷеһļңĸߴǰǹŹѸС򣬿ǳ
ʱ䣬ߵС˾ͻ
ɽ˭ʶް
⣬С˱ضһʱͨҲض˹
򣬽˿Ƶһץ飬ϾЦײ
֮޵.ܲˡ
صĻͬҲûʲô
л˵
˷һ𣿣


14 
߳ŪƳֱȥԽ
ԴϴԺԽûٹҹƳܾԼϴŵƳһֱ֪ôƳ
ʶƳϲޱȡ
Ƴ˵ļƼ˲һ£ԽҲûжƴǣֻҪƳһЦӯӯˮӿһ磬˵ûѾ޷ټᶨˣԭûƼ˺
ǼȻˣ粻ͬһһƼҰɡ
ó׼õ⣬ݸԽɫ磬˵ϲ⣬רġֻǡɬ˼飬һ·ұڻû뵽ˡ
͵͵̧ۿһԽСķ죬СģԽĶˡ
ӹ⣬ֻõ䱦¼ǵġ
ƳŴϻûûɾѪĿ¶ûźܾѽһʱء
ԽĵıþɾĹȴᡣϴλ̫żˣŵܵġ
ͬԽصƸ⸮лһ
սûãƵɫҴҵţɫ࣬ƳʼҲֻǴҴƿƳȻֱӳ˸
ԽƵıӰüôˣ
ƳӦʲô°ɡ
Խߵã鿴ЦӯӯǾŰɣ

һʱ֮ЩĬԽ죬ʵƳãϴεǸǡ
Ƴһ£ŵ˵½Ѳѽ
ԽһӦ
ԽһôƳģǸҽˡ
˵ί񣺡ҽ㡭ġſھͿʼҳܾö˼Ӧʲôģİɡ
Խܷŵġ
Ƴ˵ˣһ˵ԽֻһƴԼϡһֱΪֻԸʹȻδȻ㲻֪ܡ
ƳԽɫƿĿ⣬
һᣬͷһ󼱴ٵĽŲƳϲæվֻƵ磬ɫ죬ڱŭıԵűصأԱߵСѾһ仰Ҷԡ
һŮ˱ƵĲŸƵĲ
๫๫˵㿴ǰ㣬ҽ͡
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Ƶشһƣޱſڵϣ³һѪģİ󣺡๫ҡ
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ѪһһеİƳǸˣιҺҩҷǸߣ˵Ҫҿļױ
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׳ǰ⣬ôˣ
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ƵƷ飬Ѫʱ³˿бݲСҧ顣
ʱˣ㻹ΪԼѣ
ƵŭޣôЩ㣿Ҹ٣Ӳ檣Ҷٺöҵģô¼𣡡
ڵϣ̧ۿƳվԱߣһ˾ŵ޹ģͬĿʱͷް
Ƴ
˺һᣬƵ侲ʮ꣬ſڻиˡ
ԭԽϳȥѴɽֻƣޱȣŹڵʧǵޣ˱ۣôЩ飬ǵ˵Ҹ͵Ļᡣ
޿ƳѪүƳ
һֱƭˣ˵ȥʲôѾļױһʱƻ󣬽һȥ͸Һ˲֪ʲôһûֻá
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⻰ûһţƳŽܶùһ˸Ѿߣ
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Ƶ̫ѨƳʲô˵ġ
Ȼȥˣ
Ƴһգۣϻ
Խʵڿȥøʵ޻̸֮ƳôһһֱͬһЩ
ƳͶȥмĿ⣬Խܵ裬ƳýջֽõĶӣⶼҿģãһ㣬ֺ֤ݵʵڻ
ԽƭˣϡȻһ綼ͬԽһ޵˵Ǳסš
Ƶʧ֪㲻ϲƳôһֱһֻ۱һֻۣݺ
Ϊ޲꣬ΪĸȣҪ㻹кã
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ޱݻؼңԸȢֵ.ϵˣҲضҪ°̺۵ģһߣڼеĵλ֪
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ڵأүΪʲôҡ
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Ҳ˵ĵ彿ĶСɲ£˵Խ֤Ҳ˻Ƴ
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ԽƳһڸкԺĻ԰
յչǴһԵİݣ֣ůĹϣָԲ͸ǳǳķɫĶ֪ʲôʱѾһЩ
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15 
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ʮ꣬ƳҲδɣֻҲᱩ¶ݡ
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ĲһȥҲҶһˡ

ѲԼĸ첲ĵˡ
Ƴ᲻׼˵Ա߾ͺá
Ƴϲĵ˵ͷֻܷģ


16 
ƳСɽûмɽ֮磬ҹɫµĺѲͦθߴ󣬿䣬ϸ߹СǸ롣
ƳǰӲ޹ص£ͻȻЩʣ磬֮ǰ𣿡
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СֵһƼѾԴݻٵȻ
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17 
ůڻƵںѲϣԵ޵ʹͶһƬӰ
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һʱ䣬˵Ŀⶼۼɣϣɣû뵽Żˣ᲻ͣµģһȴ

л:
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#ԭϲôҰ#
#ڸ֮ԭϲԸСҰè#


18 
ѲδϥϴԱһԣվ
Ƴʮĵʵ˺Щ𣿡
Ѿ˰ҹ⻰δԵ̫ܡ
Ѳֻ˵ֱ˳Ƴ֧ժԼĪǸ˯ѣɳƣαĹģ
ܲᵣ鷳ɡ
ƳѲһԵԱ𣬵÷һԣȻ˭֪ʲôʱٹ
ںѲķ꣬ƳȻҪõö࣬һѲٵ˫ڱʢº͵Ц⡣ܶ࣬඼ЩĻѲޱţżܵӦͼ䡣
ѲƳ߳ţƾɵԺˮϴ
ͦļ΢΢ƳʵʵվԱߣϴʱϸë
ƳǲԵƳ¶࣬ȴǳĵĵµŶ硣
Ѳݲݲ˲ݸƳʱճʪĶĵˮֱͦıǳ
΢΢ԺţʶδʱѾߣ·㶵¡
ɫ԰ף۵׷ڣȻҹδ˯á
һѾŭƳϣѾ߹ͼƳѵ
Ǽ˵ȷŵģҲɣԭĸ׻˴Ǯģ˲ŵһ¡
Ƴ޼ҹҲδ룬ӶҪƳۣ˭֪˵Ƴˡ
ƳһԮŮˣȻ˻
Ȼһҹ˹յȷŭͷԡ
Ƴʲô£ײŹ
ƼԭֻƳŮѾΪ˶ɣʱƳҪǳʲô£һǻ飬ױ鵽ͷϡ
ĸѾٱӻǱҲÿɫƳȻŮôҲбôҪƳе취
ƸƳڴƵ֮ƣʵΪ²ߡ
չһҪ˶ѵһٸ棬ʩջƳı˵ǣ֤ĸ׵ס
δŻ󳨵ԺڣһĻ
һ۱㳯˼ĺɾһõԺڣĮû˿ͷԽü۴ŵЦ
Ƴָ֪еľ˵˾ʲôһ´ǣ˵ľԵ
½ѲڶԴʱûۿĮ룬˵ʲôŬʲôȤĻ⣬޶ԡ
ʱκ˶࿴һ۾Ƕ͡Ƴȷǲһġ
վ⣬峿ֻԼ˫ǧǰһ
Ƴ֪»ԹȻҲ¡
ĽǰԼ㱩¶ôԣͱ˿̣Ǹ絶ģǵֻ˷Ц
еĶֿʼڣ
һ뵽ͷڿţƲסԼ˷ܡ
úѲͷʱֿһվڲԶ£Ȼ˱ѲµĽ
Ŵǰһ̧ǵΪѲȥڱϵˮ顣
ѲʶҪ㿪ƳĶƳüͷһ壬С׺ݣв
Ѳסܲϰߣʲô
ƳϸΪѲźѲıСﻹˮʲôѽ
ŲţƳٴü
Ѳôˣûɡ
ƳǰһѲǾ޴ˣ˰ļǽżŽż⡣
ϸϸĶźѲǳϢĲ
ж
ѲԾʲô
Ƴż⣬ĿԽѲļ¡
۲תɨʱƣ𣬿һ˵Ľ㣬˸͡
ҵġ
ʤߵ̬
ѲԽԽֱµĽǶֻܿ˽Ӱ
ƳŽż⣬ͷһֻץźѲ䡣
յչ˵ϣڵͶǲӰӣ˲ڽǵŮ
ĵ˿ӵǵǣڽĴࡣ
С㣬ǾȻŭԼߵ£Ϊ϶ҪȥǶţûС
ֻǾվţԭͲ԰׵˿̸׽ӣδԼСϳ飬æٶԡ
Ҫһѵ˼˶ͷһͷˮһʱ侹Ǿ÷ߺޣǾѹ
ﵱһϲˣŮ̳
ԼһԱ˹ۿСƽһθģȴͬĸúݺݵزڵ衣
һжϢķ仯Ƴö֮ĸףˣȻǰҫ
˰ΣСĿڵС㣬ǻȥ𣿡
´Ŀ⣬Ըٿ
ƽһζԼƳ²˵ӣǰŨŨԹޡ
Ƴһϲ̨ļӣЬˣƾʲôǰҫ½ѲҲ¾µˣϵˣ
˺һᣬ²ŵͷ˫Ŀͨ죬Ȼȥɡ
ǰֻƳһӸȴһζɱġ
л˵
˼ǣvǰ²̶̫
Ҷ̶ʱ


19 
¸һתѲӣͬƳ˾롣
ûꣿ
ƳĿѾﵽЦ
ѲȥеĲڣչ⣬ɫա
Ƴһܵʮ̹ȻպҪңҪŶ
Ѳ㵱ˣ
Ƴľ裬ͷʵʲô
Ƴʵ֪Ѳ˼޷ǾԸԸƼҡɲһɱ˫۵ˣҲһֻ֪ӱܵˣ֪ԼһӦҪʲô
ϸȨ£úѲ˵жãֻҪĸӣٰƵ֣ƼҶģֺαȥĵطС
ֻʱ֪ѲʱġѰʮҲĻ
ƳҡҡͷҲŲ뵱¼ҹˡ
԰գЦʺѲԴһߣҪҾ͸㣡

ʲô֪ߵغŮˡ
ƳͬؾʱȫͬĶҲ᲻һʱݼ򵥵ľ֮ɾͲǽܹġ
ٶԣˣЩҲá
ҿܻȥˣһֱ⣬ԼעһЩ
ƳҲûõĵطһЦȥҪעԼŶ硣
ƳǸ˺ˣѾûüֵҲֳĮ
*
ʵ˵ûйͬǵʣƳ÷ǳʧ
İ˵̤ϣûб̼ˡ
ֲ´СϲĶ󵽵ĳ谮Ů֮λͬԽĻԼСһΣһѣһ佱
ԭ˱裬ᣬһôˬ顣
֮±ȻҪжӲ֪ʲôУֲȷĻԼ
ƳɲԴУߺѲƳȥ¡
ȥһƵ鷿˵Լȥ㣬ȥµĹ¹ʼʩֱӲӲ
ԺŴ󳨣Ƴ̧֣ԼĲ
ָһԵ糺ͳĲջ֣ȻԼı飬߽µԺ䡣
ȥʱԲϱչ⣬ްĹӰϣƳҲûվ
ĿһۣĿԹޣһѵ޲ھͱƳ
ƳһҲ£ԼǶӵ˼㡣
㣬ôѽΪҡ
ĨĨԼϵᣬЦ
Ƴôѽ㡣
¶棬ʱƳĺۼĿס촽΢΢ſһʱʧ
ƳЩȻڣ㡭
»ȻվβָƳ֣Ƴ
Ƴ⧲ŵһ
ġǹģƳǺҰɣ
Ƴ㲻ԼŻװʲô˿𣿡
ļмƳĶĤƳǲǰұϥ˰ǰڵϸҵ㲻ǵˣѧеĶ찡ҰѳԵӵ㻹Ҫ˵һлл㣡
ǲΪվԶվ˰
󺰣Ů˼ȥԶ˿ûй˼ɣƳɫҲԽԽ䡣
ȻЦ۾ЦȻʧ
ȵº꣬Ƴŵ˵㡣
ؿɢңض
Ƴס͵شµ㣬ȻҲͬίˡ
ȷʵϲ㣬۸ôãѵͲССķһ𣿡
ԭ㣬ǼôԼô
üʣڸʲô
Ƴϴ˵Ҫҳȥһѽҳɽӡ
Ƴôһ˵²һʼҪƳ͸κġѩɽϣǾºѲֻһܳװƳϳƸ
԰ôѳκˡ
û뵽Ƴ˾ȻԼ
¾ϲ֮࣬־ôЩ죬ܾƳǲ֪Щʲôƭ־Ƴˣκϵֶοǳĺͼʲôء
Ƴ㣬⼸ҲˡҲͬ㶷ȥˣҲ뵽һܾ˵³ɡ
ƾ㣬ܸܾˣ
Ƴ̴㣬ʱֻҾͲٴ㡣
Ƴǲǡ
Ƴֲ½ѲҲġ
סŴ˼Ƴ顣
ȻƳߣֻƺҪʽףʨӴ󿪿ڣɲһСĿ
Ƴһֱ۲µı飬˰Σ²ŵ棿
ƳЦ档
Ľ㣬ⲻΨһ˰ɣ
ִֻЩӵ룬ǧĴС㣬»ĺܲҰɣҡ
˻ǲͬģ˰ˡ
ҪģýΪһʽˡ
ȵƳԺʱʱ
Ƴ룬ĺϲʱչ⣬ǱȵѾˮѩͷºͲõĹ⡣
չ⣬ƫĵĶΨһУҲеĶ
Ƴһֱ֪Լɸɾĳôܲף˺ܶн죬Թ԰ȥ޴˭ƫֻԼԼ
ҪܰԼҪΪԼѩޣҪԼõĶ
Ƴ£ģ첽߳Ժӡ
ٽʱȥһˣٻʱҹ
Ŵ¹ҫƳԼǲƵԲ֮϶һµľϻ
һ򿪣Ķʮһ¡ӳΣޱȣǺüŵƱƱ
լۡϻĶ˵Ҳа˰
Ȼһһų֮Щֻһ͹ġѲ
ƳСڸԣƼңСûмôǮ˵ЩƱ͵鱦ΣÿһɫףҲǼ۸񲻷ơ
ûϢӿЩžһסľϻԼĺԺҪСİľϻ򿪡
˰
㲻ҪƼңЩǮҲң°뱲ˡ
½Ѳ˿ǿ׵ģӦòٶ
ƵĿ˰죬Ȼһľϻ§ڻڷ￴˰죬Ȼһ÷ǳεĵط
ò˼Ѳ
ƼҲһǧ𣬺ѲɽȴɽôŪôǮģ
Ѳֲܲ͵İɣ
Ųл֪ˣǲ͵ģ͸Ǳġ
ҹѲ뿪Ƹֻʣ졣
ڶ磬µ˼
ߴˣ͵ĶСûʲôøУڵ֪СҪԸƳʱҲ˷ܼˡ
߽ƳԺӣܳ谮ĶС㲢޼ֿ
Ƴӣȷʱһ̣Ѱ¥
Цһƭ㲻ɣɱ˼Ҿõˡ
ƳҸ˻ҳɽѣȥôõĵط
ĵС㻹еӣ˺УСǹ㣬ҵһĸ֡
˵ǸǮ£ôҲ˳Զķɡ
Ƴ˼ĵ˵ͷŶ
вм¶ЦǶС㣬ú׼Űɡ
Ƴϣס
عͷɫͣū澻Żȥء
ƳŹϣҸ˵һܡ
üŽɵʲôܣ
Ƴ֪СҪʲô̽ţڶʱ谵
˵ա
ƳϣСȡ
ڣѰ¥Űɣôƻģ
סСȻˣΣֱ׵Ϊ˵ɡ
ĿڣС㡪
Ƴӻóһϡ
ĻȻֹ
ڸиܵܣꡣӣܵһֱϵӡ
л˵
ʮ
Ӧòûжʮ۰ɣǲҪΣ


20 
ڶҹѿС
ƳͬһѬֱ˯Ƴûһٵġ
ɨƳվʩ˷죬Ϳ֬ɾм־
Ӿ£һСһ촽ޱȡƳƽ泯죬ǵױԵ·գ˵ֲͬһЩĵޡ
вмֶʼɡ
ͬƳû˿ƵĵطȻԸϣƳòȷǱڣɽҲڶ
ͻᱻݺ̣־泩
ʵôһ
ƳĶĻش𣺡Ϊ˼

Ƴ𴽽ǣҽ߳Ƹѽ
ҲЦָȷʵü
ƳòӦóκ˻ٵźá
طƳͬһ
Ѱ¥ɽľ¥˿֮ʱ
Ѱ¥ɫڲ㲻ͬײͨѰ֮أŮӵĽЦͣ洫ԽԽ£ҲԽݡ
˵Ǹɲûеġ
ͷ˳һķְѰ¥¥жƳǸɵӿè塣
Ƴͷֻ¥ƻԻͣ˵ɫȮ
¥֮¥ҪžĶ࣬ǼζҲ˲١
ƳԼ䣬Щš
ܴǰƻٺãǹһˣһ˲⣬һġ
㣬־˷ܡȨƵܸԼ·ݵ΢ȴƶ֮ϣôעÿһһע
ͬ˷ܵĻ£ķƳɲΪƳ֮Ϊĸ׾ǱƳֶݺ
գ֮ʩ
ʱƳֱ֮ǰ裬Ͳ½Ѳϲ
ͣǰƵ
ⷿǳκרõģֻҪƳһƿţȰ˾ͻѸٰƳЮ֣Ȼϴ߻֮ҩҩųκصرƳģҩԼң⼸޽⡣
ʱκͻ
ٹãƲƳͻ¸ΪκС檡
ڴƿţԤеĳδ
֮ʣȴһ⧲ƾһģ˷䡣
ƳȻžһ˷š
Ƴһ㱻ֵķĿ⣬мźϷŸʽߣִ󵨣Ҳ֪Ǹġ
ѬζţЩζЩʡ
ⶼҪ
Ƴת£ŸովӣƳЦĿ⣬˲ԼֱƳˣˡ
Ƴվűߣֱ˿̣̲סõ̾˿αװ¶׺ݵצ
Ī٣ֻĸ׽ģʮһζƳ־
˿ڿˮƳ㡭ʲô
ƳЦⲻΪҵĿѾˡ
ŭˣ֪Ҫ
Եѽ
⸱ģŭ£ƳΪʲôȥĸ˵ĶԣӦ㻹Сʱ㣡
еĿ־ȴԽԽ졣סǣǿԼվֱ壬ԼûбҪ¡
ҲŰƳˣŮ˸ûбô޺ܸڴһ䡣
ǰҪƿƳȥɿƽƳһ־ЮסȻһİƺ˦˹
һƳʮʮڻƷ顣
ѪſϣȻάֲס档
Ҵҡ
ƳɲϻĻᣬ˦˦Լ֣Ȼץű˵µͷԴô˻Ľ͵ذα
ظ⵽ػ²˳ɫҰףһʱʧȥ
Ƴ⣬ץͷȿԼ
ֻݾµɲ
ǿԼ侲٣ֱ˿̣֪ԼӲӲܶƳ
ȣͿƳһֻ˹ĶϵɫɱͷǵɫĲˮ
û˱װʲô
Ŀ־ֱ˿̲ϣ¼һ亹̧ۣԼĿ⡣
һ㡣
£Ƴ촽΢ţҪţֻҪ㲻ңҲιġ
»ĿĶɱɤҲҲᷴģҲȡ
ƳһԶˡ
±˱ۣҪſϷŹҡ
ƳյһԣȻ¹ڵϣýŲµıһ߷ֹվһü˼
㣬ʵҲر㡣
æͷǰңҶԲס㡣
Ƴȴûһв˿飬ƽһһϸȻҸ㵱ɱҵĹƤ
Ƴ˱ۣ궬ո£˿ҵӣҵĻԼңҡ
ƳԽ˵µɫԽҰס
һ඼ǲˣ˭֪ƳȻǵáǰߵһСãһߡ
ƲסԼ˵ҪſϷҡ
㲻ҡȥһƽȥҸӣ㣬ҷġ
Ƴ״ΣֲĸŮĶôơ
ƳЦһȻֽһ̵ļɨڵأɫŨһ¾һֲҶ
ƳҿԲҩֻҪ뼦ꡣ
¿һǼŵĿƳ
ƳӲԼϵ㲻Ը⣿
ͬҲʱƳǸĺͯʱ޽Ϲ̵ʱ»һԿЦ
ֻң۾ѱˮģڵ̵İϵļ顣
Ž͹̵ֹļ᲻ͣĵš
ƳȻ⣬ָŵذϼƮƮڵɾ
򡣡
һǱ̬ѹһйڡ˶ԣʱǴñҲһп.Уп䡣
Ƴһû˿֮ģ̤ԳʱֻɾԾȥʮ꣬Ծɼǵÿһα豻ӡ
ûзأıҩǲĻˡ
ɢſڵһ棬òĵĲˣϣ̧ͷҡ
Ƴѽ㡣
ڿԷ𣿡
¹ڵϣƳվңĵֻҪţպһƳ
ɻûҪվƳͺס°ͣͫţѡ

ƳŴǣĽϲյϸָס°ͣĿ£ҩˮɤӡ
л˵
Ͼͳ
̫࣬ļӸһ
⣬0һһ


21 
ƳľŽϣ⣬ظ˱
Ů˾һŴţŲ.ţϣ
Ƴ㵱潫·
ƳһȻž
ǵļƻκӦûڰԺԭ°ŵĻƭһ䣬ʱһЩضֲܷԡ
ʵ󷢴ȱĸһ
κǼƳģʱȻַܷ˱£ֻҪʱκһƬƣȫǵŮ԰סԼؼҡ
ֻҪκܷŹȫ
ƳҪʴȵĶ࣬κ¸Ƴҵˣ¸Ƴ˶ĿܣƳ͸˶١
Ƴ֪ԼΪʲôô죬ڽţնʼȡ
ûʱԥ
Ƴ˿ܣѰһ̫۵תǴš
֪޿ʼԼȫȻûлͷ·ˣϲ֪ʱ亹Ķڽ䣬ûһ˿һ
ûãϳһˡ
Ƴһ۾Ϳǰĳκ
ӷף棬ߣȴĺܿ죬ͬеĻһۣһָЦ̸š
Ƴܵģв²֮ǰųʲô
ƳסκͬǸݸߵһͬ˷䡣
Žűرգ˸ĻſڡʱһһʧǰȥľԾûд򿪡
Ƴٿȥ͸һɷ̵Ц
ɣŲ񶾡
´ͷβûиȥĻᡣҪôʬ޴棬Ҫô𷴿ֻѡ
Ƴ̧֣˲Լĺ
Ÿվȵһ߱Ҵ߹
ƳɲɣǶĿ⡣
ƳҲŲͿʼܣǿԼ侲¥˿ˣǲ̫Ե׷¥ڶֻ࣬ҪЩ˦һգۼ䣬һһ䡣
ֻҪտ԰ȻĻصƼңƵ˱ֻʣһŮʱƵҲùܣ²϶Ρ
ֻҪҼԼٹͿϢ˽ĸŮ
һΣռһʼǿƸңǸ˾˵֣ǵڿھǣºˣƻ˶ˡ
ƼҽʱֻʣƵûºޣԸƵǸɾͼ򵥶ˣЩǮЩҩʱƵôĶ֪
ɽǼƻ˶ѣ;ܳκβ
ûа취ֻȥġ
ǰţͣ˳Ⱦͷ¥ݿһ䷿Ŵ󳨵ķ䡣
ƳҴһͷñе˵ס·
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ӦǲŴ¥ɢĴڷϣ
ƳҲû룬ǰһס˺Ѳ֣һƽ˷䣬Ȼžһ˷š
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һж̫죬ѲûӦȻƳ޷ȻôһСˣ
ι֣˴Ƴļͷ
Ƴţŷ￴Ѳ˵һ֣㾯ͷָڴϣ
˺һᣬƳȷȺ뿪ˣ˿ŻعͷѲ
˶ӣһʱм͡
һڣƳѸһ㱡ŬдǣôܰԼαװһܺߡ
Σҽ͡
ѲûгǸ䵭ɢģ̧̧°ͣʾƳøһĽ͡
˭뵽СүĪĳﰡ
ƳзɿֿܣѲɲǰúŪ±ضͻᴫҪ˵ãѲ֪һɡ
Ȼʽһڣڱ㴫һŮ
ɾôſѽ
˵ţȥ
ⷿھȻˣ
ƳٿȻۣϺѲĿ⡣
ʯ֮ʣѲԤϵƳҪ
ƲŮ˰ڲΣûҴΪҪô͵͵ġ
һ̣ƳȻۼֿ˹ţźѲ¹񣬺ѲץסƳʲô
ʲôͻȻ˼ҷ䣬ϾͱˣȻҪ˰
Ƴûʱϻ˻κѲĸ첲켱ˣһͨСΪ
ᣬǿҪˣѲ磬㡣
Ƭ̺󣬺ѲƳһͬ¹
ůⱻ©һϸóһֱϣ¹طСƳνСǻãѲԵЩˡ
ƳѲһɫĵ˲߳ŭɡĬĬֳԱŲŲطСŲҲȥţƳһŻСߵ˺Ѳ°ڡ
ѲĿƳĽϣӵζƳʱԼĽûЬһɫһ죬ٿȻջ˽š
ͷֻصϣƳŷֱʱԼעںѲϡ
˵˿Ӧ˼ôѺѲȥ
ɲ֪ΪΣĿʼע˺Ѳ
żѲ㣬ĵĲԵԽƳʼԼЩȡ
ƳټĳĬȻûƽܸоԼһȽϺ졣
ͷͼֹĸо
ѲһֱڿĿⲻơ
Ƴ죬ȱ˵
Ѳһûٻش֮ٴ˳Ĭ
ܾĳ棬Ե÷ůŮЦΪԡ
ԴǷǳ󵨣ƳһЩдŮ֮飬ɴδۼû˿ۻ಻..
Ƴ׻ǸδŮӣ˿ͬһ˶С¹񣬶پмΡ
ԭΪ̾͹ȥˣ˵侹ʼˡ

ƳɫԽԽ죬¹߰ɲúѲԼƨһ
¹ƳԼȥˡ
ûڵʱ򣬺ѲȴĬסĶ䣬ԾһŲɫҲδ֮о룬Ƴ֪ǺѲġ
綸Ȼ徻˲٣ΣƳʵϲΪ̼˭
ѲľٶĪоԼڱء
ƳٴԼһһ¡
ԼѲ޹ء
ΪڷԼսǸʱŵǷһŨҵ㣬Ϊζŷ΢ı仯٣շ죬Ϊ㡣
ֻǷһֱ׷صĿ״̬δ֣ʱͬѲָоűԡ
Ǹ⣬ǳκΪȼĴĳ๦Ч㣬ʹȫǣٻӰ졣
Ůʱ䲢غϹȥûаʱ
ȵͷ򱻴Ϩ¹ʣ˿ҲʧѲɿ֡
ȻžһƬ
Ѳһֱܸܵȵ֣䶼ڵġ
Ƴһɤӣ̽ĵѲ硭
ƳоѲڿ
ֺԥƬ̺ͼ˵գҲ˵˸⣺
Ǹոڸʲôѽ

һ˵꣬Ƴ޲øԼƣ˵ӵʱɵһΡ
Ǹ㡣

ѲҲúƳûشƬ̺ųڣûһ
Ӧ˯ˣȳȥ˵
ƳĬĬֺСŶ
ѲƿţһЩͷһƬʲôҲƳ߳ӣһ˫ʱסֱۣ˳
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ԼԼѵŵΡ
ѲԱߣ˸˻ǲ˶һɫҲȻ
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Ѳɨһۣͣ
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22 ̫
žƸһ˸Ҷ, ƵɫĿǰҫȴҲ޷ʵΥ
˭뵽ռһ, ־̼˵, ܳһʿȻǸպʲô컯ȥɲʲô¡
ƳǰͶһƬӰ, վǰɫ׺, һɽ, ԵΪС
ۿ̧, Ƴ۾ȴʹ١
ʲôƿն, ۳ʹһ, ǰ
ǰ±ù, ƳȻ̧ͷ, һ۾Ϳ˳֮, һµĺѲ
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۾Ǻˣ
ѲƳ߹, Ƴͷ, ־, һθܵ衣
֪Լܻ, ֪ݵ΢ɴ˿̬ںѲǰ
֪Ѳ֪ЩԺ᲻Ҳ֪Ѳܾܲ
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ѲֲԵĳ⣬ֻ㻹ǵһҽ¹ˡ
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23 
Ƶ, ͶڵӰӽһƳĿڴĿźѲ
ѲĻشûй, 첻Ѿһ𣿡
Ƴһϲ, ֲұֵ̫ԡ
û˵ʲôѲŵչ±ˣֻһ, ʲôɡ
һ仰ƳʵеϲһЩ
, ˻ûӦߡ
, ˲صĻͦ, ֲþʱûӦǸ뿪ƸȻܹһóôǮ
˵ڴӦѲҲδɣǻ̫ʸ, ôҲͨİ
ƳҪ
, Ƴɲܱ¶, ǲ, ǰڰϵĸѲ, ëСһЩֺõĵ磬ȡҪˡ
ѲɸƿڶϣŨζѲ׻޳̵ָͬĴյһĻ
Ѳֻǽ˽ַ, Ƴ, Ϊʲôѽ
Ѳ˺ʱûʳϰ, δͬƳ, ڳ˸ɣЩˡ
֮ǰƳҪﲻүë˵ȷһˣĿ죬ҲںȲȥɣȶûȡ
һѺѲݴ̫ӣúĵҸһ£
Ѳˡ
ֿƳֻ
Ƴһ£Ȼ۽ޣίĵţֻ
ѲûгĿ
Ƴ뵳ͷҲɬȴסûнҲʼԼıݣ磬Ϊʲôһʼ˵أ
ᵽûס˳ŮСɵ°ž઴˵ϣΪĵĵһʼ֪Ļҿ϶ؼˣǾͲ
ɽûмʲô棬Ҳ֪϶кܶҪæġҲ㣬ɷҵң㡣
Ƴû˵˶ܲµʲô
ұܾɵ˵ǲͲŮ
ʲô취ĸױҲ֪ˣ׿ǾֻˣͻȻʼˡ
һҲҪĹģÿһ仰ĿģֻŮҲвԸ顣
죬˵ҲҪˣӲãƫƫҪҹǸӣǲǶ಻Тһ㡣
ƳĵͷһԼΣίȲѣʧֵ쾡£մˮ˴
أ˰죬ҲѲشвмֵģ˸òǷʲôɣ
͵Ѳˡ
ںѲû̫ã˺һһ䣺𣿡
ʲô˼ȻĻ
ȻȷʵǼٵģǺѲôԻƳֱ׳
ʧ̧ͷԹȷˣѽ
Ѳһ£ǻһ˵ԭͲôĵŮĸˣ˵ʲôŭԹĻһ
ѲһʱЩ޴롣ţţǰδԼҲ㡣
ȴһСʧ¡
Ȼ˰ΣѲǲɫһôˣ
ƳĴ⻰һ֣ˣҲֻǿ˺ѲһᣬίŲĿ⣬ˡ
ʲôˣ
ƳԼɫ˲ԼϵˮδشһǿҾˡ

ô˵ƳҲͬѲദһʱ䣬м˽⣬Ĳ
Ѳ¶ݣƳ֪Ǹʲô̫ԡ
ͬʱҲ֪ѲʵһҪĶֻ࣬ǳûôӴŮӵĿѡ
ԽȻĻᣬҲ̬ܰת̫ԣ̫ķʵ䷴
Ƴתĺ
ͨĵ۾ƺʾŮίһ㡣ȵƳߵűߣָľʱŴһԷ
¡
Ƴ𴽽ǣָֻܿһģ̵ķ֣Ȼת̧ۿһۺѲ
¡
ƺˣѲ˰üģ
Ƴ̵˹ȥʲô𣿡
ѲĲ֪ԼڸЩʲôǷˣʣˣ
Ƴҡͷĸµء
̫Ȼǰ
²ǲ㣬ֻһʰˡ
ƳŲĹҲִ֪磬ǺŪȥˣܺѲղŲţ϶ˡ
𣿡
Ѳ˵ͷƳŶһûٶԡ֮ٴĬ
ѲĬĬ룬ˣҲûСôҲľˣССһҲûʲôҪˣ˵ǰҲû
ɹ˵ԼԺ󣬺Ѳֵˣȷʵû˼
㸸ס˹¼öˣضʲôڴѹˡ
Ƴų⣬ĿõҲ졣ЦѲ߽һãЩڹء
һִ󵨵һ§ס˺Ѳĸ첲һŶ
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ʼȰȺͺѲԹý㣬ҶҪˡ
ǰڻʳںѲĸŹŮ٣ÿ˴־£һ۾ܺƳģδš
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ѲŷҪһӣ첲ֵƳεĵôʲô¶ֵͷϡ
Ƴʣ֪Ѳûȥ˽絽׷ʲô
ʵҪ飬׾ܲµ׺Ƴûйϵ˵׼ܲƳȷ˺µס
ûС
Ƴ
Ϊ뷽跨ѲͣΪúѲ
Ǻɵˡ
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Դ˲Ѳĸ첲ƵĵҲ֪Сӣһʲôõ飬ͷϡ
ʵҾýҵԭǿԾҵģûУһʧ ָȻСһ㣬ȻֵҶϰˡ
ϱȥģûҳţǾͰҴȥˡ
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ѲֻǱСèβɨһ£ò
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Ϲң˭ܵˡ
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ҡΣ᷿ȼζǳѬ㣬ů
Ƴ˵仰ûٿڣһѲ첻ԣŵͷȥֻŮΪεİԴļͷ˳Ѿ˯ˡ
ѲĬĬƿĿ⣬¹
˳µΣžķŮǳȳƵĺֻģԼ
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24 ͵
˺һ, ѲŲһֱۣ, Ƴļͷ
͵ĸڽ𴲣ι, ˯ˡ
˰죬ƳԺ޶ѲƿĿ, ֵ˵һ䣺ô㶼˯
԰գѲ̾˿, Ȼεվ, ὫƳᱧ, ˴֮ϣ˳˱졣
ҪʱϵŮȴʶץס֡˫, ˯Ծһĵģץ, ȴһҲС, Ѳס, Ƕм˽, ҪΪǹˡ
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Ѳ
޿̣Ƴ
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û˵꣬Ѳ̧ʾ
һ㶣𷽲Ƴȥ֮δѵ˯ˡ
ǵĸ
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ϡƸլԺžޱȣҹլҲİΧ
˴ǰӺѲؾĶǶӪˣɱ̫֮ټҰͬҲôѲ¡
˴ƺƴĻؾڸ߰пŵÿһˣ¾ưոݡ
ǺѲĸϵǱߵˣϵһƷ֮ǵʥϵұۡ˴ν򰲹ӺѲؾҲֵλ̫ӵӡ
Ѳĸǵʺ󣬵šǰжӣ滹һֳ̫Ӿֳ
ϣֳѲֳԺ󱻲ΪʱɻʵԸС㾪žޣһڻӱǵճͳ̫ӵĲѡ
λֱ꣬Ȩĸֳǽ򰲵ϥµ߻Ҳ䣬в֪ʱϢγɼӪЩԽ
ʵ۲֮һղһգ˳ϵλͱҪȹԼ
ѲʱڷڵվѲ
Ѳ̧һ£˸񡣡
ϺֵݸһԺŵ̫࣬ʮɷʣͦǽüйɳɱ
Уµ˿ɺһЩˣ
Ѳް˸ġ
򰲹ҪѲֽ֮ӦЩԽ󵨵߻һɣ̸۵ʱ򰲺պѲߵǸС
ˣʵǺѲЩδͬ˭׽λ̫츳ߣŮ֮ȴΪԺá
صһ졣
ѲֻڵɽȹҵһСӱȽС
Ҫؾ𣿡
Ѳδǣֱӵߡ
򰲵˵ͷ˼Ƭ̺󣬻ǿڵȥ磬ҲĪֳԡУкʵ̫ѡ
ҵδɣһݾ
ѲĬƬ̣²δǹЩ
򰲿źѲɫ̽ŵھʱҶͻǶˡ
ҵĶ䣬ҵŮׯΪܳ裬ǺѲıá۾ǣҲ̫ĺѡ
ֹˣ֪λĺѲѾãǳˣҲ춨Ե
ѲԲ٣ڴ֮ǰȷδǹȢ޵⣬Ϊ̫ӣȢ޵ȷҪأշ෽棬ʶδֻؾɡ
˴Ҳٶ˵ʲôҲġ
ѲǸǵˣҲ˵ǵŮӣУҲСС֮ˣ˭Լʲô
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Ÿǵıӻߵһԣ˿塣
Ѳԭ˯ôʵˣǵһ Ȼ𽵹󣬾ڶء
վڴߣŰռŴƳ
˿˼һٿ֮࣬Ҫ˯Ĵ
Ѳ˫ۻǰֻȥҲǰ취ɤӣͼٴν
Ƴ
Ƴ޶
ѲһڣߵŮ˯㣬мںڵķ˿ϣĵƤԽѩס
Ѳ֣Ծ뽫⼸Ʋķ˿ƳĶ󣬵δƳס˶ȻתסŮСɵıͷ
ƳۣžһһºѲ֣Ժѹĵģ˼ѽ硭

Ѳ˻𣬲֪ΪֿʼˣվֱӣеָĦͼȻͣģŮƤĴС
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Ӻ˰ɣ
ѲűƳһطɫˣɺһƳ˵ĹȻ˯ˡ
Ѳֹ˰ŶŴŮ߶һ䣺С𡣡
ҹѲҲ鷳Ҳûиһ˯ԥ컹ǺƳԱߡ
Ƴ˯ʵҲǧٹ֣ǳĺںѲࡣ
Ѳϣ·û
ڼžޱȣûС
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˰죬Ȼű۾
ĵˣҾһᡣ
ڶ컹ûƳ㻺۾
΢΢ѲԾߡ
ı۾ȻѾôãڵٴĳԾɲƳһۼʱ
ĳ౾ƫĳ࣬ŵʱһ߸ϲ˵ӣ˯Ҳûõȥ
ƳĿڣԳƵϷһԼƣԱԼԸĹ۲Ѳ
ںѲߣ˰֮СĿںһѲ硣
СѲԾɱ۾
Ƴ˵һ䣺磬˯𣿡
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ƳִսЩѲֻ˲Ժ󣬿ǧҪѽ
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Ҫǲˣ㲻ҪţҪŶ̫ӣҿ϶ף̫ӣӦúѰɡ
һҲ֣Ҳ֪ʲôһҲϲҡˣһ˴ĥ´ιҵʬǶˡ
˵ںѲ߶һԼͣ
ĿźѲĿ̵ͦıɫǳı
峿չ͸֧ժսΪ谵᷿˹ƳѲ䣬Ŀ
Ȼһ峿ĴӡһɬȴԾ춯صǡ
һ̵֣ĳɨѲ
Ƴֿ϶磬˯˰ɡ
˵㲻ٿĵֱȻ´򿪷˳ȥ
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ƳںѲߴһҹ£ʵЩϡ棬ƳܸоЩ˶̬ȶ˲١
һ·ͨĻصԼԺ䣬컹ûѲǶŻһʱ
ƳҲżԼ˴ʱûȥ
ֱƵɹѾͷǰȥ׼һ£ͺѲ
ѾͷƳʶд㣬źƵҲиˡ
Ƴȥתʵս㵽ˣôҶǰ㷴Ӧ
Ƴ˽⣬ֻ֪СƸС־µ췭ظע⵽С㡣
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ҲԽūҲû뵽¾Ҳǲʶôžȱºˣպ϶ٻˡ
ƳҡҡͷϾһҲ
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СԶ񶾣ɲȫǻã˼ˣ
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СƳ˱ľӳĶǰǰסĵط֧ǲɢһˣ˳
ƳӲԶСԿףŮһԿ׵ٿȻϣײľһ졣
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˵ƳͻȻʲôˣڵ㱾ǡ
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ɣѣɣȲл蹡
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л͵͵ɣлcpСˣĳһ췢ԼĴ1.8.ͬ˻ˣ

ȻӲˣĵôcpȻˣ
ٺ
ʧĻָŻ
ǸСŰ忴˾ģʵĿɻˡ
һ£ϲ£30ʮһһָ
ΪŪһҪʰٷְٵĳ齱ֻҪ¶ľͿԵģ



25 ϲ
ƳʶĲͷ, ˿ѪҺմϣչ, žСԺ
ǸմѪľл, ƵĹƳűߡ
ûлͷȥѲİӣ, ͬһ˫Ŀ޶ţȻֱֱĵԼǰ
ķɿ졣
ƳĿ, , һ˵Ƴϥ, סԼϥǡ
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ѲӳֻƳĵطӲ, һ, Ƴͻɥڴˡ
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Ҳû̧§סĲ, ѪҺ᲻ɱճ죬ѲδƿŮȻ׽
֮˽ѲƳԺüֻڶһ䣺̫ҽ
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ſЩ˻ƣ磬ôûѽ
ѲĿ죬ĿбӵĴţδ𻰡
ղŻúõġ
Ƴ˰죬ѲԽһί˵ʹһѽ
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Ƴĺһǲѡˡ˼λεдϡ
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ڿڵ˭ûȥģԼܰһ𣿡
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ŵĿѲŨŨı۾ʲôѽ
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Ѳü²˼
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źۼĺһֻø˳ʱһ𣬳类ĥһƢûСֻӼͣûǸ˼
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ѲֻԼ̫ѨͻͻһỹЭ˲٣˵˵Ϊʲôȥǡ
԰գѲݸƳһʪӣһ
ƳﻹڶĵѵͲܰ𣬺תһ룬Ͼ̫ӣܲҪ̫ߣ㲻鲻ԸĽ˹Լ
޵Ѫճ
Ƴ޵ĵһŮ˾;ޣӺݻͿ޵Ŀָֺ֬ʹƳľǸ׹ʱЬ⡣
һ֮ʱǻŭ벻ʵǰ
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̧ۿüۣٵĸ˵Լĸףĸ׺Ҳܸԣ˵ļɽǺճû֪ʲôģֻ֪ǸȨƵ˼ҡ
޸Ҹ׺ûþңˣϻ˵ЦͲˣʲôûߣҡǶ˵ˣҲš
ҺĽףţҵ׿϶ĺúõģֻΪһЩԭңԺпˣ϶ҵġ
ȴһ䣬ƳûƭѲ
ǶŮû˿飬ҲǺܹ
ѲĬ˰Σź֮ǰԸ뿪ɽҲΪ𣿡
Ƴʵͷβû˼Ը뿪ֻΪúѲƼҸԣò˵Ѳ˻
Ƴ˵ͷȻļͥ˭Ըȥ˶٣ֲھû塣
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Ѳûд𻰣Ƴӹӣ˳ֽ̧ƳδɾѪҺϸϸỺⱾǵƣü棬˿ǡ
ѩ׵С˰ߣɼ֮
Ѳһ߲һߵ㲻𣿡
ƳʵûжֻۣǸоЩͣҲ֪Ѳôᣬܲܲ
ҽѽûҡ
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԰գƳµץס˺Ѳյ֣ǵͷůľѲ
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̫ᣬƳеȵǿմˮӵڼβĴʱƳ̲סҪȥմˮ
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زѲѾѺԣġ
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Ѳ˵ƳסѲ䣬˻Σѽ
Ѳޱ룬á
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⼸쳣һһĸںѲǰܻ֫Ӵǵ̬ȣ峿ǡһӡ֤һ¡
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ѲԿһƳŮɵڴϣգһ˫۾ֱֱ
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л˵
ȸһ׼Ƶ¹
Բ˵û
ҽн
һ죬ǿipַˣЩڻŴүѾд
ҵĲʩ
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26 ҹ̽
Ƴƺʲôܵĺܿ, ԴӴӦͬѲһؾ󣬵Ѳ˼Ƴһ·᲻۵ʱ, ƳѾʼ˳·ˡ
źѲصԼķ, Լ¹
ѲһԵɨһۡ
ʲô·ֻССһѡ
ѵӵʱ䡣
ƳϸңԼŻŵӦһ䣺, Ҫң
ѲССһ˼Ҫ¹, ̲ס, ûһÿġ
ƳȻ, Ѳź֪ʶԼĻе⣬ΪƳҪģûС
Ƴַָֻ˷Լ·, ɫص, ͨ, ôŬЩ·Ϊÿ, 䲻ϺѲ
ֻ
, ʧŶȷʵûкÿġ
ûкÿ·ֻнУ·Ҵˡָһɫȹӣŵÿȹӣɹ, ƽʱ᲻ô, ڿҲÿ
Ѳ, ĪЩ̫, תʲôֲء
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ƳȥʮڴϾôɽûгıܵǰһԼˡ
һƬ۾Ҳףô϶ÿġ
ԭ˷ܵһЩȥǿҲٵҪ֮ǰӴĸһļǡҲѲȻȷʵݵ΢ҪƯƯȥɡ
˶ʱ򣬿ܻ˵ݵͼǴƫԶСŮӣƼô˵һ䡰Ļԡ
ºˣҲÿˡ
ƳЩɥķü죬ˣ߰ɡ
ѲԽòˣƳ̵Ĵӷ߳Щɥ滹ڵء
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Ѳ㲻ģ
ȻǿĵģѲϴȥǣֻΪûкÿ·һС¶ѣʲôĵġ
οԼǷɻڴ봩ʲô·ԣαС¡
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ڳˣǹſڵƼˣжһ¡
ƸʽĶСһƽƽһֻСȸ֦ͷ۵ķˡ
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ҲδƳأĲ֪ͬŮ˵Ĺϵ򰲵Ļе˵һ䣺Ӧд㡣
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Ѳ˰죬Ȼ󵭵ջĿ⡣
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Ȼһ˲ѲƳĻ˸첲
֣棺Ƴ
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˵ʱ򶼶ԺѲͼҲľͦõģĪУҲƳ뿿
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Ѳ׼ҡ
ƾʲôƳ۽ޣίҪˡ
Ѳ˻Ƕ˶٣ֲ˵ʱ򲻿ԡ
ƳͰ͵ǣѲ򴽣ŻЩǲɽҪעЩԼУ
ᣬ
ƳĵһСطŮӣŲҪʲôͲúѲ
еʣҪǲԸأ
ѲԵ͸żĵĮ
ĿĲֹڴˡ
ΪƳŮ֮ڲ³ƳԺ㲻֣ͬϣϲϷҡ
˵ԴʶƳһϵػ
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Ѳ˵꣬þδƳ𻰡
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ĳĬάһʱ;̫ˮѲԭƳϲʲô裬ŮûԴڳ߾Ŀ档
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ѲɫĿһۣɤӵ֮ǰ˵޿𡣡
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Ѳһ죬²յȥЪһЪ˳תһת
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к鷳
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˾ȻֿʼˣƢˣɺѲķȻϲƳֱӳƢҲùǰ㡣
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ʱ֣ѵִ޳š
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ڣ齵ĵطʱѲȴ߳Ƴ󷽡
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Ѳɫˣɨһ˲ѹĿİͰ͵Ľͣǡǵ͵ġ
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ѲֱҪЦˡ
ǣȻ֪Լʲô
Ѳһ·ŪĽӴĹԱһֱսսͣ²ǲԼĲԣǵ̫Ӹá
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ѲĿƳϣȴһֱԼЬ⣬ԡ
С
̫ϷţȻƳƹū
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ƳԼ۵һ
ѩԹɫʱ˿ۣ
Ƴӵ۵ġ
ѩЦﲻؾнǵ´ˣźū澵Ρ
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ѩһůƳԽкøС
ⲢӰת˺Ѳķš
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27 
Ѳվڷ, ָһľĹϡ
ϵĴͬʱҲ˴µ¹, һƬ, Ѳ˽Ųߡ
ȥֻ, Ϊ䣬ŮһֻС
ѲĵԼ¶, ̧־ƳѱӸϡ
ȻǸеָſסһʱ, ѲĶͶ
ԤбӦó˯Ů۾, ںڰĿԡ
Ѳ
Ƴһߣ˵һ䣺˭
Ѳ˵һҲǺѲ
һʱҲҲ, ߵĻĶӵ˼, ͸, ҪôƳԼֻǹǸӡ
, ںѲԥ, ƳѾɿߣȼ˴ͷĵƻ
Ƶ̼ӯ䣬ŮС廹ѩ׵ļڻչ¶ͬʱԳģкѲ
ƳСС̨ҹĪֵĺѲĿԣһʱԡ
Ѳ, ɲôƺԵò԰, ҹ˯ȥҹ̽뷿, ʵŷ硣
Ƴڴ, Ѵͷ䣬½ڷŨܣӯӯ˫¶һƬȳưؿڡ
ʵǰ׵Ļۣ͸ŷۣѲڿĵһ˲ʶҪƿĿ⣬Ƭɫʵ̫ץۣĿⲻܿƵͣ˼˲
⼸˲Ѿ㹻Ƴ׽Ŀ⣬Сһ±ͨ죬æԼѣĿߣ㡭ѽ
ѲƿĿ⣬Եɤӣ¡ֻûûʵʵڷ
ƳѲĿɣֱҪѡǲвдϣʲôѽҲһģ
ѲҲԼ̫ǣǿͼ⣬εϢΣ
ƳѲĿʵһѾ
Ҫʱ̼̫ӣƳͳˣҹ˵ӣŪ֮ҪһϢĺòá
͵ƷڰϣڿˣԻȥ˰ɡ
Ѳ򴽣ԾվƳǰû뿪˼
ƳҲŲĴ
ĳĬûά̫ãѲŻҽԡҲ̫ϡ
ƳϢס˱ǣĦ˷ʱķӦ˿޵ĵ⣬̧ʱѽʣԹ
Ѳգգ۾ôܲأ̫ѽ
Ѳһ죬½ֻ㡣
Ƴǻˣ˶ô׵ѽ
Ѳ֪ԼˣռͲƳƽôˣˡ
һ٣ֵ㲻Ҫôࡣ
ƳЩ飬˸ƣȻҲûࡣ
Ҹĳƺ׼𣿡
ҽеͷˣûұѽᵽʱ֪ұˡ
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ƳѲɫʲôýİˣǸ§Ķ§ˡ
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ŮĳɢΪ˷úɫķߵͷС裬ŤͷЦʱӽĳݰףƮ
ƳʣǲǺܺÿ
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ԭӾɰԽϲ
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ƳŶһӲһҲûߵ
Ů̫ȺʱųӣĿбӣеƼѩʱṧĽһ
ƳϴѾ·ˣѲһ·ð˲Σȫ߲ܵĽˡ
ԭƳΪ϶͵Ҳ׼ԼŹĿûһ͵񲢲
ƳԼⲢǡ⡱ǵȼɭϣȻƱ׼Ͻ˵һڣɽһҲһ
У߹͡ǵѩ˵ĻӰ
֪ǲƳĴƳԭбһСԺĵطȻȰƸܱƳвֵĻݣӵµԺ䡣
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ƳױǰľϻԵԳȥ𣿡
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28 
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ⴺҲſһ, شƳ⣺ƹ, 䣬ĶС㡣
Ƴ§ŻԶԶĿݸѲһĺ, ѲȻֱӽ˹ҵݸһԵ̫࣬ͷʵ
Ǻ𣿡
ⴺšü, ú񲻹ô˵ʡ
ⴺĳĬƳ, ʣôѽ˵Ļûйϵġ
ⴺЦ, ʲô˵ģֻǵͬ˵Ҳ, Ҳ˵Ĺȥ
⾩ͬһεСûм, һ, Ϊܳ, ֪, ɰʱУС㰮ճŵ¡ֻǺ꽥ҲԽԽԶ㲻ʱ׽ˡ
԰գⴺֲū澾ãͬĹϵ, Ӧǲɡ
ƳȻĵ˵ͷ, ܽ÷ѽ
ⴺƺ˵Щʲô, 뻹Ƕס˻
ƳվĵطԶ, Ҳ˵ʲôǵɫ
ƺܸȤվǿ˰졣
ˣһ̾λƯѽ
Ĳ˵ⴺʵͦϲλСӣ˵ãòޣֿɰҲüӣǲ
һ£Ȼһۣū澿ǹÿЩ
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ⴺūĸƭ
⻰ⴺû٣Ƴĳ಻׽һ͵иС䲻ͬױݾ£ֻη
˵䣬ѲѾͬ˵˻Ȼת뿪ˡ
վԭأĿźѲ뿪
֮£뿪Ļ档
Ƴǰ˹ȥⴺ֪ƳҪʲôͼסƹ㡭
ƳǳѲķܹȥ䡣
ԸѾߣŻС£лŷźѲ롣
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ЩĻعͷֻһŷɫɴȹŮĵۺĿĵĳܹ׾ϹӯӯЦݣﻨӳĵСӡ
Ůǰδ
Ĳ˵ôڶ
ŮͬĿϵһ˲䣬ɫϲƯ㣡
һ仰̬ͷ˼΢ı仯ԾĪֵŮ˼ֺøУסŲŮܵǰ
ƳǰסŲСΪ̫ܵЩ죬һվĿŹһ̾
㣬Ưѽ𣿡
ٴƳֱ׵Ŀ޶аϲδ¶Ƕ̬΢΢Цǡ
ⴺʱϵûϵƳ䣬Ҵͬ˸֮ӦǵѲľˣסڶ
δȥƳѲǷʲôĹϵƳȷ˵ĳЦȻһ͸䣺
㣬ժĻ䲻ɫҺϲ㣬ºòѽ
ƳÿֶŶִ󵨵ļϱQ̲סƳ¶˺ƵЦݣӹƳ͸Ļл
ƳԼĻϵıԽϲŴЦȻգգ۾˵˸ĵĻ
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԰գȤƳʲôѽ
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̶һӣͶδıƯСøС֪Լƽտ˲٣ɾ˵ĿػضǼ޵Ĵʣ綼ˡ
мģмʸԾɲö֪
ƳȫЩˣĲ۾һ֪Ƿģĳ俪
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뿪ԺƳתϵЦԾûеȥ
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ⴺæѲ񣬼ƳվûжںѲĵطƳ䡣
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Ժֻм̫Ѿߣڹڲ棬ҽҪģѲǾǰɡ
ⴺˡ
Ƴ̽ԵЦ࣬һЦüۣȻһ§ס˺ѲֱۣںѲͷôŻѽ
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ⴺһ𣬼ҪΪԼˡ˲ʲôˣ͵͵̧ͷһֻۣŻԱ˵Ҫ˽ϲõСǵĿڵµļͷ
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֪ĸڳ˲֮ǰĵ£ͰӳȥˣĻܸ˵Ļᡣ
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żʲôȢޣⶫݵ㣿

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ѲеİʯϵĲ豭
ƳҲûԼһǳһȷʵ޷ݵģ̫ˣּҳôÿȹ㣬ҲضҶġ
Ƴ˵Ѳϣֵ̧̧¿ɲ㶯ģΪʲôһһ𣿡
Ƴ˸ۣӦô
Ѳһ죬˭ڮٹµģ
ƳƬ̣Ļ룬ǳ̫ﵽʱôϲң˵ʣ϶ݲˡ
ʱƽæ̫ͬҳϦദһǼ£
ƳȰô࣬ѲĹעȻһ䣺˵һ飬ǳ²㶯ġ
ӺС֪һĵжϲ鰮ٹŽӢһӡ֤һ㣬˹ǵǶĵ
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ﲻᡣǾûУŵʱҲѽ
Ѳǵ𣿡
Ƴ˵ǵʱȢϱֻЦ˿ޣܵѽ
㿴ϾǣҾʶһˡȻ㲻˵Ҳ֪պ㲻ϲˣҵ³Ҳõġ
ѲĮͼô˻Ƴ룺Ҳûϲ㡣
ƳŪˣѽ㣡
Ҿһ˵ôǵ棿
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ƳŲĹΪ̫ӣƱҪΪҿ֦ɢҶʮˣҪȵʲôʱ
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ⴺ߾͸Ӷˣڴ֮ǰôҲû뵽ͬ⡰ˡĹϵܡ
ˣֵܵزˣΪʲô˶ûоﲻء
ɫͰӰԺȻޱȣƻġ
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ⴺֻý̫棬һɣƳڵǰǰһģһҲδʲôѵԵ
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ⴺвЩٷѩкʱԸ
ѩؽţһֱ֪ġ֪Ϊε·ָ𣬾Ϊͨ͸ʱơõѾͷǵԷԸġ
ӦҲƹݵ΢㵡ɣ
ⴺҡͷū澲ҡ
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ѩҲ˵ͷȻͬѲһ߳˷š
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ƳȴȻڿĿѹȸУֻƳôѽ
ⴺ򴽣ֱӵʲôϵѽ
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ΪⴺˣŻɻĿİͰ͵Ŀڣūޱ
ƳһСڴ͵ЦȻޱҲѽ
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ֻҪ֪ԼҪʲô˵ңҪúûţֻҪҸ¾ͺ
ӣ޶˵ͻȻⴺĿڣһһŲг
ƳȻڶЦΪҪģǸġ
ⴺǲأ
л˵


29 鶯
ⴺ, Ƶ£Ů澵ļ΢΢, Ϸ亹
ѹĵ, ĬƬ̧̣ʱһ˫Ӿʹ˼ᶨ˵ǡ
ūǹ, кηԸܷԸū澣ū澾޶
ͬƳˡ
Ƴ, ֻǵĲСѾ߰Լһ, ̸Ѳ
Ȼ, úѲӦҲĵ֪һʲô˵ʲôǸɵĿǰûһ
¶, ǿչ¶˵ġ֪, ǽ¸Ҳ˴, Ů˵ĸ֮
, Ů˿ʲôû, ȴһԾɱ˵ƣǾǵµƫ衣
ⴺڹж꣬Ȼ׵òλߵĳ谮Լı㼯һʱ򣬲ųƵɱ
Ƴվֱӣȹɨⴺڵϵ, , ôˣ
ͬеӵ˴򽻵Ƿ, ضѿࡣ
ⴺվ, ͵͵ױǰƳżɽƹܻ֪ΪֹµĶûУڻ֮£ʥϻ̫߹üء
⵹ƳЩ⣬µѲûôŮӽӴδȻǴδŮ׽
ǰɽʱ򣬵ЩˣھкüͨԼ檣ԺһЩֻһ檣ҲЩɫȮĳ
ƳԵͦɾѽ
ⴺ
ƳĽױ̨ϰλ£ʣȻأ
ⴺū˵ʥƺС㡣
Ƴ̫λãϾʵ̫ţⴺֵū澿СƺӡǲӦҲΪѡ
ڲΪΪƳԼͬһӪˣ˵ˡ
Ƴɫ̫仯ǾĿžеԼ𣿡
ⴺֳƬ̣ū澾ãп̫֮ܵλĲһ
Ƴʣţø˭
ⴺҵλŮ顣
飬ֻ֣˶ŮĿŵĳ谮
ⴺ˿յľѹĪƹȥμ̫磬мǲҪλҴС㡣һŮ඼ڳ̵ҪְλȨƸǶˣ⾩Ҵ̾ᣬҾһ
ƳһŮ
ⴺ͵ɱŮĵλͬŮ졣ҴΪЩ⣬ֻһӣ֪ô˸ŮŮһ谮ʥϻΪ
˵÷Ȩ󶥶ڣΨѲƵ
ƳʣǼȻôʥΪβѡ̫
ⴺҡҡͷūҲֻ֪ū澲²⣬Ůݡ˵ԭֻѾߵŮѾ߷±ˣԲű
¿ǻʺճСܳ裬ʶֻһѾߵŮ
ƳֵǼȻ㶼˵ˣΪλҪܼ޸£
ⴺףΪˡ
֪ūԵļ谮ްԡҴΪǳ⣬𣬵鼸簮Զˣһδ檣Ͳ˵ˡ
λ˳øӦ
˵Ƴˡ
֮£̻֮Ůʵ̫ˡ
ƳûҪȥƴ
Ѳ˵ûһŮĵطһֻ϶磬˿ǸλõФ룬Ϣڴˡ
Ƴ˵ͷӰ
ⴺֵǻ֪Щʲôū澡
Ƴ˵㱾һص£Ͼ˿ǳǴ˸Ƿ˯ɡ
ⴺ֪ƳЩʲôҲδʣʶȤ˳˷䡣
Ѳ⼸ƺæżƳ⿴ʱڹƳõȵϡ
ѲҲƳÿڶãƳµʱԳȥߡ
ⴺת˼ˣƳŷҵϾ˼˽⡣
;ȥһˡ
˵ĹС̣ƳҪҪһֻ
ƳʱŵС㾶ֱƳס
ƳⴺʳнӹȻݸ䣬Цӯӯĵ㣬ڶԵķǳóԵܽضصظһЩ
ӹ֮ݸһԵѾߣϹǳЦݣϸסƳֱۣ
Ȯһֻɣ˹Ҫҿɶûء
ƳһֺֻĹС໵ĽлԼҪɰˣ׳䣬С̶ȴǸСֶնء
Ƴ֮ǰһֻһֻɫĴ󹷣СʱرϲֻʧԺֻͱɱˣҲûС
Ƴϲ˸ӹƳС̷Žȥ
ˣСʵ㡭
Ƴ̻⣬⼸յ»ضĴ̫ˣæ
˵ͷȷʵæġ
Ƴֺ㣬̫˵Ҳϲܽض
Աδ˵Ѿ˽С㣬˹˵ƵıϪѾ깤ˡ
ţҴȥ
˵⣬ҪʾƳȥûУ
ƳƵǲŻȥͬһȥǶβġ
ƳȻܾɵ˵˶Ժ֮ǸͣһľͷСˡ
䲻ü߶ôˣ
Ƴʣ˭ѽ
̾˿Ƴǲ̸û˭߰ɡ
Ƴ࿴˼ۣȻͬһȥ
¥гչ໪־µΣƳеȤڶˣҲˣѲⷽӲƳ
㿴ϲϲ
ָһö򵥵һʽӣ򵥣Ƕķɫʯһ;ǷƷҲǼ۸߰
ƳѡĶÿ
Ƴ䣬¥㴫һ춯ôԹˣ
ϴηԸʯС˸͹ȥء
һ𣺡ڸҲû£⻹ʲôö
Ƴ˹ȥ
鳤ʵǺܺÿûƯҲƵǸˣҽͬһ⽿޵ĸ󻨣ߵĶ˴ӵ
ĶƳſЩǵҴӿȡģ۶Ŀ鱦ֻɢƳһۡ
ֳȷʵе۹⣬ǵһÿġ
ƳһᣬȻ֪ʵĿ䣺㣬˭ѽ
飬û¿ɲҪ
Ϊѽ
᲻˿øУһŮˣҳҫ״ֳǳĻ̣ɱϡ
ƳŶһʱȴ˹
ǡͬƳĿ⡣
ƳߣĿȴưͣ˼룬·ڿһ಻һ㣺䣬ԱߴСѾߣ
ƳɫķֺĴԱ߾Ŀ
䲢δƳƳͣԾǵЦɣôҲˡ
һѣƳվԱһˣһСѾߣҲûͼǡ
ȵ뿪ԺƳǼɡ
ƳŴǵ˵ͷƺղŵ顣
ֻţƳס
ô
Ƴ㣬ǸˣҺ֡
ûشƳ˵ģ˵ʲô޸£ֱ׾١
Ŀⰵ˰
֪ڶôô룬䲻˵׾٣ȷʵס
鲻Ҫʲô͵ǰ
԰գƳ䲻޵ʲôѽð͵䡣ս䣬ûаƯ
Ҳ䰢Ưأ
Ա˱䣬¡˵ˣ
Ƴ˵ͷ˵ѽ˵ʶһƯ㣬ǲ䡣
Ҿõ±ضҲм˼ģǸ飬Ķ֡
ûгƳҲż㵽ΪֹͰˣҲûж˵俴Ρ
ƳһӵˣҲϰ߱ӣ֪ʵô£ԾܶЦÿ仰˵Ŀ
*
ʱ䣬̫ڶ
ƳҲͬ˵һյӡ
Ϊ£Ѳרڳչôյӡ
ƳΪ֪ˣΪĵ˵ġ
ѲüȻƺΪ㣿ʲôʱôˣ
ƳƳ˺ѲһۣԹԵĳԵģ˭֪أ˭˰ҶͲˣÿҲû˵ֻԼƯ
ѲûôİƳǰԼߣЦһιߵǷǵı¶Ǹ˭ѧģ
ŮǺ鷳
һпվͻƳ￴Ѿҹˣһ
ϲ˵ʵǳƳӦﲻʲôöӰ֪ͣСﰮƯκѡ
⻹ȻƮƮһ䲻
Ƴ㶼ҡ
˵꣬ԼҧһڵݵѲߣóԣ㳢
ѲŲ֣»ز׼˵֪𣿡
˭֪Ѳôһ˵ƳƢ߿˰ĸÿšһ˫üźѲҲûк˵
ѲûУҪ治㣬⣿
Ƴ˼·ԶȺѲҪף˭֪ǲΪԼҲģһ˵ġ
Ѳ
վУǹˡ
Ƴգһ˫۾ôˣ˵ĻҲְô°
ںѲżʱƳæһ£
ѲסŲ޳ͦεǰɢ֪ˣ
Ƴ
Ĺգԭ˵һҪ˾ͱˣºѲ治ֱ˻ȥ
ˣ˰죬˵һ䣺㲻׼ߣ
Ѳ΢΢бƾʲô׼ߣ˭ĵµģ
ˣ
Ƴˣһһѣ£Ҫô.޼ɵĸƢˡ
ԽԽƬ̣ˮӯۿȴȻǿ۾ֱֱĿźѲȻ۾һգξһһţ顣
ֻ΢ĺѲ
ƳĿҲôôôףûǰôϲˡ
ί۾ˣ˵ˣҲ𡣡
޵ļϻһͺˣôס
Ѳ
Ƭ֮󣬺ѲĬĬ˱ۡ
Լ˻鲻ԽķŻżݵôֿˣ
ƳĨһ᣺˭ˣҲûС
ѲóӵݸƳ𲻳ˡȲ
ƳǲӣһӣȻߡ
ѲվƳǰߣƳԴû
Ĭ֮УѲָֻ֣סƳ°͡
ת˻Ƴֱ̧ͷȻ˺ѲĿ⡣
Ź⣬ɫް
ȻеÿƳɽ
ڳĿﾡίڳĽëϣ۰׵ˮ
Ѳ΢˫һԲĿʼƳýˮ
ϵָżƳķɿ죬ֿʼԹΪʲô˵ľķΧе֡
Ƭ֮Ƴʵܲˣ̧벦Ѳ֣ȴ˵һ䣺𶯡
ʣôô
ƳҲŲ۸Ҳſޡ
Ѳܲǹ۸ɣ
ƳӲ˵ԹѾ˵һС޵β죬ޱߵļ˿ڷմϡ
Ѳ˿̵ע档ܿƵĿĴƳһͻʶ΢΢ɣ˿̺ĴԼҧʪĴУССĴ˵Ļȡ
ǺѲţʮֲʱ˵Ǹɬǡ
ȣʱ̵ͦıǼĲŮǳ㡣
ӦĶģ촽Ҳޣÿο޵ʱ򶼻͵͵Ȼѡҡд۾ͻԽίһӾװá
ѲйĻһͷÿܲ
ѲĿֱӣƳ֮ԭĪ̫ڵԽţĬĬԼ䣬촽ķ飬
ŵһƬհס
ֱѲȻɿ֣ת
ˡ
ƳȻԵĿźѲ̧Ҫߣۼֿץס˺Ѳ
Ѳס֣Ƴæվסĸ첲ίͰ͵ߡ
֪ѲôͻȻ̬ȣȻѲѹһɳƵ㡣
ƳĲѲôˣƫ֣ļ򣬵㲻Ҫȡ㿴Լ⼸Ҽأģһȵ컹ѡ
ֻ˰硣

˵գƳǿƵѲǰȻ˿Ϸıס
ԾϤ㣬խ˸ߴҪ΢΢ŲܽսĲȻСһš
֪ǲǴܾúѲЩӲ
ſ
Ƴƫ§ĸˣŤŤӣҪ
һᣬԾôоʲôڵ
ƳûӦ̧ͷѲ¶۾ɻ
ѲҲһۡ
ʯ䣬ƳͻȻ֮ʲô
˲ӲһɲǱޱΡ
һͨ죬ǺģƤףһ죬ޱԡ
һ죬ٲ֪ܵǸˡ
ܾĳ棬ʵĲɫľΣƳСѣǰһֱǸܴ󵨵ˣоⱲӶûôιֻҸɽȥ
һʱҲǣҲǣƳټã
ڣѲȻö٣Ķ⼸͸˱ۣ޿
˶δһоڲС
ֱѲǿƿȻ߳˷š
ƳԭأֻԼҪˡ
ٴμžΨķ粻ϴ洵ƳԼԾɲʹ޹İ
л˵
˴߸


30 
ĺڽβ, ̫չѤõӱ֮ࡣ
ƳһβμĻ, ûаԼװĶô, Ǵº͵ϡ
ӳǲװҲĿͣ
Ѿ𣿡
ⴺѾһʱˡ
˵ޱȵԺ󣬺ѲδҹƳҹѲķӦ, ̲סЦǵһ ѲĶӡ
ס, Ȼ̧ʱ͵Ҳöˡ
зڼ, Ტδٰ, ˣ⾩ǸŹŮҲˣƳһ·Ա, רİԼĽɫ
ƳԹǲϤ, Ҳûʶ, Ҳûע
Ƴ, Ҳؽ, ̫ѸߣʰʲôҲӵѵġ
Ƴһ֪ġ
ǰδμӹʼᣬԼЩλߣҲôŹŮô򵥡
ϺѲ, Ȣ, δ䡣
Ժ, ̫ϳƳ, Ĺ̫ӵѾΪλӣλá
˵ϲⷽ׼ĵȫġ
ΪӶˣƳʵҲ˴ţ˿Զʱʱ⿴䣬Ǿܾˡ
ⴺ̲סѵ࣬ǸǶˣǲȥ
ƳɫģȻ֪µ˼ѽϲ㣬һ𡣡
ʱѲճһλã߶һˣ΢еӵĶܲ³ô£˲֪Ѳ˵ӣܲ³ƳԺѲ롣
ƳͬС̫˵ʱһֱ߿Ȼûһᣬ˹С̫˵ʲôأ
Ƴʵ䣬ĩ˻һ䣺ܺ͵һͺˡ
⻰׾ǵ件ģٴסƳ֣ɰ
ƳЦһ˱
Ƴٴμ˼ǰż顣
һ˵Ŀ⣬߰гϲŭ԰ϣǽƳ¡
ɲͬǣ飬²ǿƯʯͷ
಻壬鲻һôôĹưҲֻԵλ͵֣ΪЩ˾ﲻҲûа취ֻܼĽ¿âɡ
Щ˲İҲͲһЩƾŸͷùϵӵߡ
Ƴ㣬Ҫȥ𣿡
ϲ飬ƾļҲûҪֺɫÿȥ⸱С˵־ӡ
Ƴ͵ӦҲǱ߻ˡ
м飬ƿĿû취˼á
Ƴ̫õˣǵԶʣļ̤ˣԼԵȺӵײ˶ôЦ
Ǳߴ඼ǹά֮ƳҲûȥͣҲ鲻졣Ƴû뵽龹Ȼôע
ңң˹䣬˶ôûйԱߡ
ƳǵЦһ٣顣
Ȼб赽ҲȻͬʱҲ
ʵ֣ռƳ;ԼʱԼȷʵеѾߣֻǶָɣڿȷ
͸ˣΪʲô
ĿһʱƳϣ䲻ӣʶ˵Ļ֪ɲҵѾߣ̫ӵѲʱľˡ
ѲһŮѾϾǣ鲻᲻֪
ƳݶЩΣޱΪ˾ȹѲվĻᡣ
ƳһֱʵʵĴԱߣЩע⵽Ĭû׷ʡ
£ȴ鶢ˡ
ƳǺܹԵĳ࣬¶ֻ뵨ӵģԽԵˡ
üţǶˣҲڴعɡ
ұ𱰣Ƴᱻٻ󣬻һź£ôҲڱعġ
֪飬ƳҾӣһƳȻҲоƳԡ
ӦĿ
һЦ˳񣬴ӦһλСȸɡ
˻һƳ˲ʸ֮ģǲΪƳΣֻǵҪЦ˻ӵĿԽƳ·ص޽űߵӡ
ģֻ˷ܡ
ӿٴչ¶צԶܰмһ˵˺ݺݲǱĵζ
Ƴ뿪ʱǰǲĺľӵӰһ˵Ӱ
ֱ죬ȥе԰׵ĽͣûС
䱾ȾŵָܵƳҲЦģ㲻Ůӣǿɼöˡ
ҿ㵱Ѿ߾ͦʵģȣͱ쿪ˡ
ʱƳһϵƹ
Ƴҵһعͷüߡ
ۿĳ򰲷˷ӣδˡ
˳Ԫ˧һƷ˵飬ĸףҲøӣý⼸仰ڶ
ȷû뵽ƳΧɫ˱䣬ȻЦģڶβô͹˰
ɫÿڸʲô
ָƳ޹˵̫Ӹľˣұؾ붺
ͷƳգգ۾ͬ㿪Цѽ㲻ҵɣ
һƳЩЦ
ƳɫͻĻ˵ȥΪͬſɲʲôõѡ
ƳƫĳƣЩµĿһ飬Ȼ򰲵ͷƣֽһδˡ
޾ί
򰲱佫ƳǡŮͣһ·ΪϲɿɰСٶһʱһƳίֻðšü飬֪˭
鿴ƳıԽƣͬ˵ԾɹдǵƤ̫ӸľβĲǹġ
ŵҰ͸
ͷȡһӣǸƳĶһᡣ
򰲶޶ԣ˵ֱӡжţϲŰС֪ǰ˵֪֪Ϊڳʶ˲壡
ɫһ䣬ӵûС
ּ´ƳСĪҪ
ƳۿȴȻһίģ򰲵ӣδˣûϵģҪ㣬ҾͲμӣҪһǻȥɡ
ܻȥ
򰲿飬˵ʲôȴһδͬ˵ʲô
۾һϲֳ
Ƴ̧ۿȻֵˡ
ЩһõƤ֮࣬ѲҲضã޳忡ɫףټԽš
ƳʱĿҲƳͣ˼˲
ĿѵˮȴƳһּΪΣյĸо
æͬĿ⡣
򰲵ˣ㲻Լ÷ڸʲô
һĵȻʹ˲٣ίˣͼӴ׵İѸղŵ˵һ飬ʹƳĿ˱䡣
δƳϾ򰲻⡣
ǵò£ð˹ﲻҪ黳
ǰ󳼣ƳԼ
ˣƳȻ˵ʲô˵ͷҲϵġ
һ־ȵƳԱʱѾĲˡ
ҲøղƳԱ۸ԼһδЩ˵ȥͷȥҲҪδ˾ˡ
Ƴл㣬ûϵġ
θ򰲶ʶƳƳľ֮治˵˵ѣĲ˾ᣬͬĿûϲ
ƳһٴαʾԼûзϡ
ĿٴƮ񣬼ֱͦѩ
źᣬȴйɳıʣҲδͬԣֻżܱͬߴ˵һ仰ȫȻж鼫簮ģ
һֳҲǰҫ
ƳջĿ⣬仹Σʱʣ㣬Ϊһأ
ʵҲôȨȦܱⴺҪ֪Ķ࣬Ҳʲô˵Ϊʲôҵǲ̫
֪ʧٹ֮ã֮˱Щ֣ˣ֮£־ҲģģģЩ꼫¶档
ꣿ
һں˶ޱȣ˵ǲԸͬһģͨ
ΪʲôҲӦĺҪһŮɡ˶ӦôҲˡ
ƳʣҪһŮΪβԼأ
Ҳ֪Ǵʧȥ
Ƴȴܾﲻԣ䣺أ
ʮͿʮˡ
һ
ǳʮǰ
ҡҡͷӦʮһǰʮһǰġ
Ҳ˵˰ڼʱҲꡣֻҪһŮ˶ѡеӤСˣʵûбҪ
˵ĸֻһѾߣҲͲй¡
ڿʱǸˣõǮ򷢾ͺãαڼ
ԭض򵥡
ݵλ̫ߣȻöԸµķԸǾֻܴΪ֡
Ƴ˵ͷ㣬á
㣬˵ңΪʲôأҲǹ
Ҳ֣ۣδôƹߵˡ
ƳôҲˣĪԵʵ
Ƴ᲻ȤչҪ˶Ӷ˽һЩЩǷ׷ӵĹϵ
仹еӣõʱͳĽţòʱ㲻Ҫìͷ׼飬ƺû̫á
Ƴһ˼һһŽһŵĳϵѣֱڿԼ
ס̧ͷɫѰǵĿ⣬žԼбϷĿˡ
ɢαϣͬѲмƣȴ˼аṴŴǾ
ƳͬʱлδļջصĮ
߻ӣ֮ӡ
жϳݣ˲䣬Ƴб˼ֻȻЦ⣬Ц漴ƱҡεҺ嵴ƣȻƳңңһ
ǡʱѲڡ
̫һĴѲɫ䵭Ĵ˽
˲䣬ڱ㰲ѲĿбӵĴƳǰ߹ûһ
˶ڿѲʱƳˡ
Ͳ˵ˣ۶ǺѲڶŹŮвϲѲˣЩ֮ڿڵϲ۾¿Ѳһ
ģƳ顣
һĿ⣬ֻҪӴ󵨡
Ƴ鲻Խ𴽽ǣѲǸİôϲҲѹ֣òȷʵֹƻĵⲻǱ
簮Ů˻㡣
عʱ򣬺ѲѾڻʵ۵λʱһԵ̫ʲô
ȻѲƳ߿һۣڶƳĿһ˲䣬ǳȻŲĿ⡣
ƳĻҡ
ƳүһʱˣɲʱͨˣЩڣ֪ʲôˡ
İѲ벻⣬淢ʲôضҪġ
Ƴֿ˺Ѳϸһע⵽鲻ãϢĿҲ̫á
Ƴʱս䣬㣬㷽ſû¿һۡ
շ죬Ȼע⵽˷źѲһֻۣǲڿ
ġڿ𣿡
Ƴ˵ͷȻѽ
źѲҲƳԽ顣
̫󣬻лʵ۽˷׷ƳҲ˵һЩ滰ֻԱߣš
ʵ岻ãһԺ뿪ˣѲҲδãڻʵ뿪ÿһ㣬Ҳˡ
Ѳߺ̫λп̫ӲŸջݱˮ֣⼸Ҳˡ
ȰٻأҪעЩԼ壬ƫǲҿҪҸȰȰ
˵⣬ƳȤ
صȿһ飬Ȼ߶㡣϶˵ء
ȻĿƳ˵ʲôء
һж龡۵ס
ûһᣬ泶
䣬Σ
ˣŮҲõǸÿЩˡ
̫Ц˳пƼѡ
زˣڳû˲̫ʲô˼ģҲԽԽ죬һ˲Ҫͻ˰㡣
ʱĬõڵ̫Ǿô˴ˮַͬСɣ±ۣԼ񡣡
Ϊˮֺ顣
˻һֳһƬžȻű͵
ɫѿޱȡ
л˵


һ´ˣǿ


31 
˵Ǳɵ, ˮһʹʧʱȷʵټ˵Щ, , 
ƳɫɥһԵûϵˮֹȥͺ
֪, ܵġ
ֹ޸Ѳ, ֻҪ, ˼пܲܲ˵İ̫֮λ
Ů, ֮ŮƽնһѾ¼ɫҲͰˣѵҲҪ
ɢϯԺ, ̫, һͬ԰, Ȼܾ, Ƴûн˾Ļʹ, Ҳͬˡ
ƽմƳ㲻Ҳ󷽣ҲδǳԵĿƳΪԼƳǼõģȴ֪ԼͷβƳչʾԽС
ƳͨҲϣ̻¶Լ֪, õ˵ԽС
ЩС̸۵ĻƳ󶼲ôȤ, Ӧ, , Ƴʵȥˡ
Ҳʱע⵽鲢⸽
Ƴ˸ͷֿԼһŻ.ߵ԰
ԻʹϤ²鲻Զ⸽Ҳѡһһ·۲ʹ֣һ·Ѱ顣
һӰص֮أƳס˽Ų
ŷ꣬ƺڷƢҾ
Ƴֻ˵ľԼ㿴˿ܣһ֦ҶŨܴΣȻ󾲾˶ԻֻģĿ˵Ρ
侲
⡣
Щίֳˣòá
ҴǰѾ㴦ˣѾˡ
ûϵĸ磬㣬εġ
˶٣飬һôһء
ôܣ
Щĸ׼ңҲҵĸ׵ĵط˺ü궼ûټ̫ҽҲ˵ĸ˵Ļš
⼸꣬ﳤмƵģҪظʣʮ꣬ѾϰٸˣƭƭȵģʲôŮ
ûгΪԶġ
鲢ûӰĸԾΪԼһŮ£ģ඼˵ʲôȻֻÿ춼ҪװŮһ
׷ĸʱĸ˵Ѫ̫ҽʩ˺ЩŴӴԺʱҲ࣬඼ȴǰ¡
Ǻܳ飬ӦΨȥǸǷڵŮ£̬쳣ǿӲ
ʮȥ͸׶ʼǸνŮҲĸ־ҵĲ
鲻Ƕһĸ׶ĳ谮⼸ҪЩھǣĸмƵˡ
ã£ʮƳŮӡ
ʽֱӵľֱնݳ
磬ˣһΡ
ʵǸ˻ڣֻܹÿڶͽӻһŮӣȻסˣʱ̶ֻһŮӵеһж˵ġ
ڶʲô⣬Ϊ̫ӻ𣿡
㶣ΣһũŮˣ˸˺ġ
ЦһӸּᳰ
С룬˴ټЩ
ѲˣȻϴŮӻضǲ˼;ܽǾǰ򵥡
ҲЩҴݣྮˮˮǶԻˣںѲλУҲδվӣ඼ǱںѲƤӵ´ضˣǲվĶ
ʱƽһƣһϵ鷳ɾͲö֪ˡ
û޸ѲǳˣʱѲһȨѣѲһĿ¾ɵá
鲻ڡ
磬ٴӦһغ𣿡ֱۣ
ˣֻһãȻϣõġ
ãŵһΡ
֪ǴӦˣıסֳã
˿̣ԶƳҲڵõ˴𰸡
֪ʲôֶζԸδ֪˿־ĵط
ҲûԼȻΪһźͱмƵ
ʵ˵ȷʵǳ顣
һЩϲ̨ˣСûм棬ΪܹһСӦû硣
ȴΪʱ忴Уͳ׸ıˣ
ƾʲô
ƳＵʵðݣܶʲô෴ҪԽñ
޵С˫˫ȫﲻͣĥŽҪôŪ顣
Ƴ̫ͣʱ䣬˶ԻƳ֪ԼӶ
ŸһվǰͺȻһߴĶ
ĸߴ˶խѹȸС
ƳûԼϵı顣
߻ӡ
ղҲƳЩ飬һܿʲôѸ侲Ȼգգ۾װûϳģŵ㣬˭
ЩƳһ˫һۣٶӲͦȻƳǳѹȸС
˭
Ƴʶ˫ﾡ޹С𣿡
üڵͫЦ⣬ָ٬һƳ°ͣװ񡣡
Ƴ
ƳӲȻŬݣžһĿ˺֣֪ǻӣûƢһžҲġ
ɫԽ޹㡭˵ʲôѽûװ
ͬ룬Ĵ»֪ʲôʱվİСá
Ƴе㶫ղȷʵǽǣûԼߣҲ˿ûвŶԡ
ϵ㣬δΧɻųѰİɣ
ﱻ׵ϣƳȻˣôһ ˲𴩡
Ƴǲϣֻǡ·ˣҾŵòٶԶֲʶ㣬ΪҪ㴧ң
˵İڳһģźѲ
֪Ǹˣܲôһ޿ɰ㿴Լ
ƳĲǶԵģȷʵܲˡ
ֻķʽֱӣֱסƳգеСѹɫĴȾ
˵ͳֱԵƳ𣺡ɰ
ֻһ˲ƳͲѲȻͬˣϲûôΣն⣬Ǹǵˡ
Ƴʶִ˵ŭšüģſң
ţʲô鶼Ӳ
˵ĿƳɤȻ󣺡˵Ƕˡ
ѲǸҲŮˣ
ƳѲٴθпôͬһͽӣŲܵһˡ
ǹģʲôõģҿɺþûôִ˼ִŮˡ
Ƴѿ֣ԼѹסԼеŭ˼ô
ջ֣һϣ˵˺Ѳÿϧʲôأ
ƳĵĻϻλ񲻾HƤаѺ˸Ѫͷȴҵ˭ˣҶȵġ
ƳǰܾԼ񱻿Ƶġ
侲˼Щⴺͬ˵ĸλӵıĸڻʺö裬ĸϵձȨӺ磬ʮ͸Ҹǰߣʮܵо죬պյ꽫
֮ǰܷ⽫
Ƴĵһĸף⹷Ҳָ߷ԺѲ
Ƴ϶ԺѲ䲢޸飬ҪѲھ㣬ôױ߷˵һǻ̫ӣһʲôƽһ۱֮
˵ƳɴֿͷվӵĴ
ţ㿴Ų˰
Ƴ
崿С׻ȷʵ߲ȥˣˣƳ̧ۣ˵Ŀ⣬ǵ¾ʲôأ
Ц˳ϳˡ
ƳЦ¹ܲڽΪ˴Ұɡ
ּ˵һأ
ϸ۲źı飬ٵͬһԵɺϾ̫ӵ£ػʹΪΪԼıһ·ˡ
ϻˮԹĿһۺ磬Źһ㡣
ºαΪأ
ôΪģ
Ƴ⻹Ϊ𣿡
ЦĿƳϣȻĬƬͻȻѲûи˵㹴һֵġ
ȷʵһ֡
Ȼ˷Ҫײǲһɡ
ƳҲ𴽽ǣս磬ɤ˶ߣϢǳǵûбҹأ
һ˲§סƳҪʱƳȴʶһ¡
Ҫң
Ƴ̧ͷ.ͷͣĿĺѲˮڵϣܲ˵ĳѲ˹ȥܵЬӶһֻȻĿںѲߣס䣬޵滨ꡣ
½ң磬Ⱦҡ
л˵
Ӧûһ


32 
绹ǵһ ŮϷˣ
ǱϲֻŮϷˣ, Ӧ󣬺ٴ¶Ц, Ƶվֱ, ĿƳɨֳ
ѲŴ̫Ե˵鷽Ƴ, ʵڷĲ£, һ·ֲ, ź԰С·
⾹ȻƳĺ, ŲȥͼƳȻƴѿ˺֡
óϣһ˲, ͵ؿ˺֡
Ѳɫܲ, ƳԼ, ɫ, , Խˡ
Ƴ§źѲĸ첲ӵĿ磬ŵĵ⣬ںװ׵Ļͷ̼
ĺܾûһŮˡ
Ҳ𴩣ôˣ˵ܵܵĺ¡
ѲʱƳҶ˵, Ƴ̧ͷ, źѲԽĽ, Ƭֻ̺һѩ
ūڡ
Ȱͻض, ´ͻȥ
ǡ
Ƴɲߣº˵ʲô˵ĶʱѲɿɾͲˡƳ磬Ҳߣһ𡣡
ѲûжԣֻԵƳֱԡ
ѩҲū߰ɣ»õġ
˴پܾ׽ˡ
Ƴܾˣֻ뿪ҿ磬˸ȻúѲɡ
ͬѩ뿪ԺƳֻͷ˿ȻͰ͵ǸҲǻˣõ³ֵļʱ
ѩ߻ӣ´ҪԶһЩ
ƳλϣѩݸƳһģ²׷Źġ
Ƴ˹һΪÿӶºģδôˡ
ѩԼҵ£ģº;Ͳһˡ
ѩߵ´ˡ
ѩ˶٣ֻǲ֪ôȷеݣ֮»ԶһЩͺˡ
Ƴֻͷ˿ǰ˵ߵǴ󽫾²۸ɣ
ѩЦƺƳʵһ㣬ҷİɡ
ʱҲͬһսֻǺ̫λ㲻ͬǰǰ⣬ԲӾǡ
ƳŶһûٶʣİһ˾ŵС
ȵ˶ⴺƳβ죬ʵǳʲôˣ
Ƴҡҡͷʣ֪ߵһ𣿡
ⴺ룬ū澶ߵ˽ⲻ࣬ƺǸЩˡ
죿
ⴺһͬʵеһȣӲǰϸģڵϽ֮ǰھǿνаԵеüأ¶֪
Ƴʵ󲻳Ѳ˵ģⴺҲƳɻ󣬵ʥÿ£ϵαȻˣʵǰ´˿ˡ
˵㲻ţ⼸вĶ
Ƴ
úѲûȻС壬ѲһָͷҲ򲻹Ϊˣǰ˵ġ
ƳһֱԹԵڻӰźѲٽʱ򣬺ѲŸ˻
ԾɴһѣƳһȹܳȥӭϴĵЦ§סѲ磬
Ȼ˹Ƴ޴󰭣ֻ˾ţֱ˿̼ƳӿһıŹƽ
֪̫Ծ֪Լôˡ
ѲƳߣλεƳӣ͸ִ
ʱʵ֪һЩƳС˼ûдΪ֪ͬضһˣҲûҪƳչɰ
һֱΪȴǵһ˼Ϊʲô
Ϊʲô᲻ͣƳֵֿջ
Ƴ֪Ѳ룬ںѲ߲ͣôŻѽ㲻˵Ĵôʱ䣡
Ѳʱĸˡ
ƳŶһǿԭ˺ѲԸѲ˱ˮֱߣ뿪ʱȴָϸС˿ڡ
Ƴɫ˱䣬ĵ϶ǺǸɵģץѲ֣۵ôѽ
ѲɨһֱۣԵġ
Ƴ΢΢˫ĵ粻ᱻȻǺɡ
ɫ΢ԥʺѲǲ˵ĺذ
԰ֽ͵ǺôֵܣΪҡ
ѲСͲô˳۶Է綯ˣ˼ڹûа⼸ɳҲǰ״ģѲͬնˡ
ƳʣĿ⿴Ѳɤӣε²
ҺεĽǹضˣڲƳһҲû¡
Ƴ
Щи˵ʲô𣿡
԰գԼ͵òᷴҧһ˵ҹ.ɣƻӶд
Ѳ磬ǧҪ
ʵʲôû˵Ѳǵţš
Ƴŷ˶ʣǡ̫㣬ΪȢ𡣡
̫ȷʵ˴£ʱû򣬿ķһ磬Ļ˼ȥЩ

Ƴ죬ʲ𣿡
ʼĸѲ״㶼֪ǿϲ۸ˡ
ƳʵеίˣǸ飬ʲô˵СѾߣ
ָָԼúѲУÿģҲᱻΪСѾ𣿡
ѲҲ˴£ʹս˹úôһ£ܺԼá
ƳǻˣȻԱߣҲ˭ġ
۾м
ƳһѲôԵάֿ˻鲻Խ§˺Ѳ
Ѳû˵ƳҲͻȻ֪˵Щʲôˡ
Ȼ˵վĬĬųĬžͿʼͣƳ
ΪѲʱ򶼶Ĺ.ΪǺѲǸѪյˣǰ˾ȻҲûʲô
˿ģǸвɣ
ƳҵţѲȴվ
Ƴԭ§ĸ첲ͬһϣѲϰˣʲô֣ԶԺѲΪΪ⣬ǰҲġ
ͬƳЩ󣬺Ѳֻú˳˲١
ʵ̫ԾͬƳԺ㿿ϣڡ
ʶˡ
ƳƫСճһ䱾ļ§źѲǰô˵
Ѳǰ
˰Ҳû˵ȻѲŴ
ƳһĺѲ磬Ϊʲôҡ
Ƴһ仰û˵ͱѲƾԼһס죬ƳĽСӺ§˸ʵʵ

̧ͷѲ־СݺݵĴв˵Ͱӳȥ
˵
ƳĸˣѲһֻ־ܰЮֹôûá
ȻƳһҲˣͰˡ
Ȼ΢΢ſ̽࣬ȵġ
ѲĶסˡ
ƳɹĴӺѲĻѣĿƯСЦ⡣
ѲֻͣԭأƳ벻˵ƫҪ˵Ѳ磬㺦ˣ
Ѳջ֣ûС
ƳŲţһˣƤôģ
Ѳظ¾ûС
Ƴһָ㲻ҪƱǺߣõСŶ
һ
δ䣬ƳϸͱѲֽסȻƳ⧲һһֻ°ͣŮźϵĺ촽
һɬΪֱ׸ɴǡ
û?NֻǽĸĴϣȡ
Ϣ䣬ſ༸Ҫһ
Ƭ̺󣬺Ѳ뿪ƳĴ
Ƴ۾ΪӦֱ㶵ĿźѲ
˱Ǽ⼸һ𣬺ѲĴϢĶϣƣƶĸҲŲС


33 Ұ
ܱ߼žһƬ, ֪ʱⴺѩѾ˳ȥ, ڿ̫, ⾲׵ҹػ
Ƴ˺ðŷӦ鲻Խĵɴ۾, ȻϲһͬӿͷٿȻ̧, סԼĴ, ˼ĵѲ, ˣ
Ѳ򴽣Ĵз·ͣڴϣŮ˿ܻ¹, ֱ׳ĵ𣿡
Լ, Ƴġ
Ƴ˷ܵҡҡͷ, ȻʶԼ, Ƿٵĵ˵ͷ, ѽ

Ƴ̫̹ܵȻúѲ޴ڻ§ƳŮĳ˵һȻ֪Ӧ֣ʵϴӸղŵڣϵûɡ
Ƴŷ, Ȼ, ˷, ̲סںѲֱ㶵Ŀ⻺ǹĴ, ڻζһ㡣
Ѳ
ںѲﻺޱȣ֮ǰ޵ĳ棬ֻȤȴԼֲ԰׵ʮûô߶ȵĶ
ֲս֪ԼӦɿĿԾɿƲס⾧˫ϣ¹ɫݺһ͡
ƽƽһҹѹѾõ.ڹҰԽΪһǳֹǣһ򵥵ĶǱ˴һӰ㣬ǵӿ̼ϯ˺Ѳԡ
Ƴ֪Ѳ룬ǵһθ˾ףﲻЩıסѲĲȻżٴνԼȥ
֪ǵķѧźѲģ棬ȻѸ뿪
ĶǳȻ֮ͷѲҪ׻
Цֵ˵ɽҰʶ˼.ӣΪѲǸһǵϷˡʶΪżȻʶȴصܹԶֺߡ
ȴ˱ʹ˲ͬá
ɺѲĿȴԽΣգЩƳ˴ӸտʼһңסڲƴҰޡ
Ƴ֪Ѳôˣʶ򴽡
Ƴ
ƳӦһô˰Ѳ磿
ɲĺѲһƶǹ.
ŷ֣ԭô׾Ϳ԰ƻ߳ķһԡ
㡭
һ˲ٴ⧲
У档³ޱȣֿƳЩʹʶ
ȡ
һ仰û˵꣬ͱѲǿӲı𣬲𣬶ֱӵ§ס£ڿսϡ
ƳˤЩʹ֪ΪʲôоѲǱһˡ
ӡѲӦúŶŶԡ
δ˵㱻ݺһƣǽϣʪȵϢٴθϣݱſļĺһ˲סƳãϢҡ
ִ̼
ȵòӦʱ촽ѾЩ顣
֪˶ãѲͬһЩ롣
Ƴ΢΢΢΢̧ۣСԹôʲô
°͸ںѲֲֵǲס
Ǵ磬ǰֻ֪ƻˣǺҲԡ
ƳĴѵˮ
ƳִѲĻ侲
ûԥ̧֡
ϢĺĴ󺣡
ȻûƳ־ͱסѲڸʲô
ʲô
ܸʲô
Ƴ硣

Ѳ˱ۣȻͻȻվֳһԵƳɵʵʵȻƳڴ˼һ뿪˷䡣
Ȼ󲻹գۣƳ˻ҵһ

ƳסŻѾû죬ƳǿסԼıӡ
ˣ
ˣ
֪Լһ㶿ŷţһ˲Īʧһɵŭ𽥽ϡ
֪ôˣѾôˡһξˣ϶Ҳ̫ˡ
ŭЦֻ̫ˣƿӣƳ´ĺ޲ȥѺѲץʡ
ⴺѲŲҴҵ߳ţŸ½ȥһȥŭڰϣһֻ°ͣһֻڳϵľϻϵĴɱ
ƳԭѱӺݺݴ飬ֺ±ֻ̫ñİϹȥ
ⲻҪģעŮڽ޵ĺ촽
ⴺһ𣬵δ˵̽ŵ³ˣ
ӦƳЦһȻˣ£ѲΪʲôܾ
ܣͺѲǸСеӸܣ
Ƴ˵ʵⴺĴ⡣
ⴺǰ죬ǾȰƳҪǿ̫ӵ°ⶼˣôѵº㿪ڵΪ°
ӦûûԶ
ԽԽƳͿʼⴺͼӴ׵ûԶʲô£ǵ²Ǹľͷɣ
ⴺ⡭
Ƴֲ˼Ȣ̫֪ĿƽʱקΪ˵ϾЩĽ²Ǳƭ˰ɣ
ⴺɫһ䣬æֹ⻰˵
ƳЦƾʲô˵֪ж𣿡
Ҿһ£Ȼ͸ˣܵҰɡ
žһһӣǸĴյǵڵˤˣƳͷϣôıӱˤˣԽ
ֺѲ
ⴺµ䡭
ҾҪУѲѲѲ
Ƴֲվðݣ뻹ǾýܲˣڵţĵαúѲ˵
һһߵԺͱٽҸ㣬ƽһ仨һҸ˵Ǽҵ¾ǲС
Ŵ򿪡
ƳĻȻֹͬڷſڵĺѲĿԡ
ҹĻ֮ϣҹЯ뷿ţԺʯڻͣѲߴͦεſڣյĵɫް
ƳĿ⣬ˮҧгݣ˵˭У

Ƴ˲Ϩ˻𣬻ըëһȥź޲õͺѲŵҲʧһɶ
ⴺʱ׷У˼
δ䣬ſڵĺѲⴺŵæأһĿİͰ͵¡
ѲһԼƽȥ
ⴺɴ⣬һ㲻Ըڴ˵ضѸˣʱ˳Źˡ
ڶʱٴֻʣƳͺѲˣѲǰƳ˫ַǰĪе㺦£ţĿİͰ͵㡭ô˰
Ѳֻǳȥ侲һ£ʵճžͺˣô˵ðƳһ˶ڷǰ˼ԺĬĬˡ
ڳһӰɣеҪ£ûȥ
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磬˰ɣҸ㵹ˮ
ܵǰĸѲ˱ˮɫʧεĵѽ硣
ѲӣĿ
Ƴάһƾˣﲻ˼Թ
ҲӲˣ
Ѳ˵
Ƴˣ컹ţ˼˸ɵĺ£ӲһЩȷˡ
žһƳѴյϡ
Ѳ
ƳĿźѲֱ۱ߣ
Ѳ÷˼㻹
ƳҲ÷˼ʲôһ
ҲԼղŸʲôԼ˵𣿡
ƳǸǳǳˣº岻ãСºһᣬ֪ӦʲôǷҪղųȥģʱô׼ء
ǳΪǵ룬ѵʲôǱҪģ
Ƴ˺ѲһۣʣԼղĶ𣿡
ºѲȷ˵е¡
Ƴתߵţһôģ
Ѳ״㷽Żǰڮٹ£˵ʲô𣿡
Ƶĵ̬ȶôˣû˵ʲôЦһԲ
ĬʼӣѲƳǰԥֵǹ²ԣڳƽˡ
ƳȻ

Ѳ֣Ƴ°ʹתͷιҪˡ
ͣΪҪĵ㲻Ҳɹ𣬹¶û˵㡣
Ƴ㶲Ѳ˵ƼǴΣǴκθͲһ
ƳЦһҲܵļҡ
л˵
˿ֻףûһ㲱¡


34 
Ƴڴ, һȻģ
Ѳһʱûг֮ǰ, Ѳ׵Ů̫, ȻͷҲصߵ
ѲƳû취˰Σ̬, һƬĬпڵˡ˶ֲ·ŲӦð㶪¡
Ƴĵ֪ͺãȻܲ⣺㶼˵ģ
˵, ѲԹ, ĵŮ˲͵־Ͱ, Ҫô࣬һʵΪ㣬»ˣ
仰֪ĴƳ, ԭȻĵźѲ˵û, ںûû˵, Ȳ˼
պ˺, ˺Ѳһ, ֵôͻȻˣ
Ѳ
ƳĿõÿ죬ܿԭ˺ѲվǰӵıסѲ»ؿɲٸŶ
Ȼ֮ǰƳѾܹأ֮ǰ˼㵥ԽܵҲ̹ȻھȻľִ
˫۴ٳûж, °͵š
԰˼ƳķӦ, ü㡭
Ƴ̧ͷ, ʣôˣ
Ѳԥ, ǰ죬ô˵̫ʣղʲôܵŮӿ£ȴԶҪ
ȻҲǻ£
Ѳɫ棬պɲ׼Աˡ
ƳĵֻҪ˳˳ϻʵۣһӿ϶ֻһˡ
ϻǳ˸ۣôȻѲ½˲䣬С˵ԼҪ󣬵ǼȻ㶼ˣպҪŶ
ҪϲŶ
Ѳ֪ƳϲԶƳȻòʲôԣԼһϦ֮ϵת䣬侲мֲڡ
ǺڣֻǸо֡
ͻȻ֮һݹ˪İΣ벻һͨҹ⧲СΪС
ƳȵƬ̺ͷһܵ͵ģá
ʱƳ֪һˮɵĹ.ǺѲᶨĳŵȫȳ
ȵѲٴ뿪Ӱʱǰҹ
һֱŵѩֲ֣ںѲߣ͵͵ƳۺѲɫ
ҵ³һſʱٲȻ鲻ֹˣϻһԵĺۣλεʾŷŷ¡
ѽܵѩɫģĵƹҲ̫עˣǽдƼٲ̫ʡ
²ѩҲûж˵Ƭ̺Źĵί񿪿ѺѲ¡
ձ鷿һҹδϢū澿ҪΪء
ԭæôãֻǵһۣħƵӶƳ֪ԼʲôƣֱĶ˯ˡ
ʱͬգ˵Ծɺܿܣǰ㷳ˡ
Ѳһ֪
ѩֵ£ΪβֱڻӰ󣿡
Ķ˯Ӱ飬رҲǺķѾĺܡ
ϺѲĲͬĿһۣһ̫ථʲô¿ɲ֮ˣҪѭ򽥽Ŷԡ
ѩһ̫൱Ȼ˯ٻأôҰĶ˻˵ʲôѭ򽥽ҷԼǡ
ڶգƳٴյӡ
˼ƳƳ֪صƳ
µİľϣⴺȻū澾ÿСɲֻǽͷ˳µˡ
Ƴ̬ϣⴺĻÿɷ񣬴ǴĨЦ
ⴺֵū˵δȥ̫С
Ƴ˸ƣϴɢһ¶عСô
.𣿡
ⴺȷ˼
𣬶ѵãС㱾ͳٻ£̫¶˼붫ˮɣ
ƳҡҡͷΪʲôµģھǴʮ꣬ʮеǻᣬأ
߾ˡ
԰գվ˸аɡ
Ƴʱʵⴺ˵̫࣬ⴺҲԴƳﵽЩʲôֻóĬİƳȥ졣
ٵĿǰΪֹⴺ֪ƳֺԵʲô
ⴺֺֻΪ˽޽ָŹƳһЩɵʱƳõ¶裬ǿɾȫȻͬˣ䲻жԸõˡ
ȵʱƳصػѣ仹ͬ顣
˿ûΪĺӶְԹ˳ȥӭ䣬㣬ҵþ
ǰˣһϾһŮӣܲԵ޹ʵ
ֻǽʱͬգƳסڶⲻǾѵĽ
ͬƳͬѣĿʵźۼתһȦ
ƳҲûʧʣ㣬ҵ𣿡
»ڳīأҪȥ𣿡
ѲȻܱ¶ôԣǰˡ
˽ĽеݸƳҴصشӿиҹ飬ǧҪ㡣
ƳЦⲻǻˣȻ̸ʲô
˻Ӱ󣬼ͬ亮䣬ƳǺʲôƵģ˰㣬һʵ㡣
ɫңͬй𣿡
ƳҲȻ
ƳҲûжӣղ뿪ʵҲûߣʱֻ̫ģתתˡ
һתͬĶԻ
˵ʲô
Ƴ˼Ƭ̣һʼ˵̫˵ʲô˵ŮʲôģⲻҪģἰ㡣
Ƴ̸֪϶ΣԱ˵һЩ֤ģܲ˿Ȼȥ̸Щ޷֤ġ
ɫ¶ɵˣͬʲôϵ
˼¶棬䲢δأ඼ԶԶĿһֻۣǵúˡ
Ƴ䣬黹ǿԼǸŮǺǸ֪ǧʱһС̫λӣֻгһŮҲδʺ󣬻ǴȨա
ɫݣһʱδ
Ƴǰ˵ģǺʵ޵ӣȷʵ
ˣΪݾˮһ˳ĻѡΪ̫һ»ᱻᣬλ޷ַֻ
һȨƣվ̫һײǵճûѪͳϵҲο䡣
Ůвңǵճͳ⾩ûбٺʵˡ
̫
ˣжHֶοɾͲö֪ˡ
Ƴ˻ֱۣƯϾǵǣرôѽ㡣
̬һֱãʵ飬ֻǲ鷳ˡ
뵱̫ͱ鷳
£Ƴ̬ȾͷֱƳͬʱˣµ¿ܻҪҪ׼һ¡
һϲģ
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Ƴں֮ǰΪܹˣ岻ãڶʱÿվ
֪Ҫصͬ˴˵µ˼µæͻ
˷ƳʼԼݣвɾúЦ
ϴˣһƿԼϲŭֵˡ
Ѳ߹ʱԶԶƼƳվſڵĵСҲ̫ˣûȥôڴˡ
ֱǰƳԱߵ䡣
ѩʱ£һʱǰģ˵ƹ
Ѳ򴽣ɫһЩٲ̫ˡ
ȵѲߵ丣˸ӣӵĸѲ밲ƳҲѧģĸѲ밲
ѲĿƳɨŵض񡣡
ȻȻĽƳһԣԼվںѲߵ£ŮѲЩ⣬֪˿ɺЩˣ
ѲŵͷһԵƳڵ޴󰭡
䴽ǣ£Ҹϻػв˸˲ΣҸͶʲôضĪҪ
ѲʵǳϲЩʺ򣬵ûвӣл⣬ֻȷʵҪĪҪ鷳
ڴЦЦǰǵЦĵôͬ㣬ܾʱɾͲһ¡

ѲԽԽ伸һֵҶѷǴǰٲ֮ͬǰǰҪˣȷҪעһЩ
Ѳüɫͬ룬ǵԼûСҪá˵ľڹһ㡣
ҪƲϵʱѲʶƳĵС»ҪͰ죬ȻԼһᡣ
ǳϵǣƳȻʵʵһԣͷʯߣýżȤȥԱ̵ðĻ
ûĻҲ˵ǲ⡣
һʼѲΪƳΪڣ
ǰûи˴Ĺϵһ˲ԻǿĻһ㶼
£
ֱѣѲŻعƳûǺǰƺҲûʲô
ɫһ촽΢򣬵¡
ѲסŲҲźѲֻͣѲһƳ
Ƴ̧ͷվλԵƳһˣѲȴƳһҲô£
Ѳͷһ죬ڸʲô
Ƴ˿ԼµСһʱ֪ôݣ̧ͷ˿Ѳû˵
Ѳɫܲÿ䶼ܵˣȻΪƳǵúѲˣʶҪǳƳ˼Լպֱ졣
Ѳ
Ƴ֪үʲôɲ俴ѲѾԵ޷԰Σ㿴˿䣬ʾѲ£Ů߲ݡ
Ů
ѲüͷԽԽһ˲ҪʵļƣƳ״һܲ˵æ㣡Ҫˡ

ְֹѲ׸΢ĳԭƳԼǿԹסѲһ㡣
ˣ˳ƵϢŭôľˣұƽϡ
ƳͰ͵ĿѲԼ
ѲĿ
˵֮ǰǸ߹ƳǰҪҲ㣬ƽһ㡣
Ѳ˵ٿ
Ƴл£л㡣
Ƴһ˵ȻΪԼȰãҪʺѲǷţѲ߻ҪҪȲ߶ˡ
԰գѲɨƳƳȴһֱ䣬ԽȻֱת
Ҳʱ俴˺ѲƬۡ
ĺ࣬ڰƤϸֻۣǷעθõչԼϣּһֱںѲҲ࣬ûп
δ󣬿Ҳ˽һЩ˲ͱϳʱʲôۼ
ԭɫһӳɫʱѿޱȡ
Ƴվ˫ֱ̬еĿɫ
ȵ͹ˣƳǰеʣ㣬ôˣ
ȴȻƳһѣƳһʱ飬㱻Ƶڵء
Ϊʲôң
Ƴʱлֺ壬ϸָ£ɿ̧ʱȻֻʣί㡣
ҲʶԼ嶯ˣַһƳȻͬǸԲҷš
Ƴæġ
ץƳ䣬һ˫оǻңˣ𣿡
Ƴ𴽽ǣԵºֱۣͣӦûС
ǿۼ
Ƴյ´̫ϻеģҲ֪ôŪġ
˶٣ֲ²ҲСˣˣǽʱĸӵĹ.
ҡҡͷ޷ܣѲĮΪѲ߸ϣò˶ò
ȴһˣе˭ܣ²ˣôܡ
ɲôͼȥƭԼƬ˵ĺ۾Ͱǰ
Ƴ·һģСɵĺ촽źϣ㣬᲻أ
²ʵ޸ݣǶڴ˿̵ԣɾһīˮ
顣


35 
ѹֵҵһйڡ
ۿͨ, ָƳֱۣȫȻûһҴСģ
ƳĿ¶, ȴ޳Ц, һǺֻΪһʧ̬ʵڶ˼
ΪѲƳܸ߿, Ϊ˺ѲʵڲڡһƤЩ˰, ˡ
, ΪôҸжĴ, ŷ¡
Ƴڣ㣬ֻ˵һ˵, ǧĪҪˡ
û˵, Ƴ֪, 뻳ɵһ, 鲻˭, ͻԼ˵Լ
ǾⶫʵǴȥˣûͬƳ˵䣬Ͻ뿪
עǶ棬ƳɲԼʲô£ֻǵ㲦һ³ˡ
ԶƳվԺſڣմһźɫ, Ӱص, ˳һ֧۵Ļ, ҷ
, ƳתⴺĿ⡣
ⴺæĿ⣬ǰԭ롭
Ƴ߽Ժ䣬ľűϣⴺƳĽŲƳĿλСӡ
Ů˼̰ף¶һСشĲ͸
뵽ԭһλޱŮɣĸȥս߸ϵ顣
ֳ֮ˡ
ֱ˿̣ⴺŻȻʶһֱˡ
һʼΪƳĽ̫ӵŮˣ檣ԣֻҪλȹ̣ʶƺˣҪһֱⴺҲλ
ⴺܾƺﲻԾ׳ӵʣСƴ󣬿ݾ裬һĺֳһ;˲ӡ
ҹ֪һأһϢأ
ƳЦһƶᡣ
ҲǸ߰ˣ鼸̾Ͱˣ̫λãϵǼ巢չ㣬Ը⽫֮ˣ
ⴺ㶣ϸһȴˡ
ƹϾǣ˵ƫ輸һУڴ˵Ⱥޱ£밵ЩʲôʵϼѣЩҴĸǶԼСϷأʲô紵ݶᱻ
Ϊ֮ƣֻйĿѡ
ˣⴺλƹϾǲ죬ӡΣѾоʶˡ
ҪⶥȦӺѲֶڴ˵õѡ񣬿ƳȴûСҲ֪ʱ򿴲ƳΪԭ򣬸ͷβҰġ
Ƴص䣬ĵƿԼ䣬һΪԵץֱۣڻʹԾûиⴺֻͣʣǻسīˣ
ⴺǣֻūŵƺΪá
Ƴ̾˿ĵȻֲˣԼ䵭Щ˵Ҳ鷳˵һ仰͵ȥ塣
ƳЦҲǣǸһºѲˡ
վʵŷûûʲôģ
ⴺΪƳԣūǷԸ
ɵʳ͹ʱƳȴվʳУ߰ɣȥǵĵ¡

žտĴڣֻʱĸ̨ϵ죬ѩһԣҶԣֱһ춯ѩ׿ȥɫһϲѵ
£ƹˡ
ѲʵĶɫģ۷һԣһᣬѸɨ꣬ʺĵд¼ߵĺ֣ʷԾ͸ֽ
Ƭ̺̫ͨ£ƹ
ѩ˵ĵô˰ɣ
ڵĳĬʹȴظ̫вãͷŴһ

ƳⴺͣͷԼʳ˽ȥһ߽Ѳƽհ칫ĵططҪĶ࣬Ѳƽͷ󣬺ڽ۴ڵء
Ѳ磿
ü۵ʹţûһۡ
ƳҲ٣ϵЦԽģ治ȥȻںѲߣͷһһٵĸ
ѲĿⲻۣ˭㵨ġ
Ƴĵġ
Ѳû۽Ըɣƽ׼ۣʩ⣬ٳַ£¿ɲϴΰֻǷٺˡ
Ǳ˳ȥ
Ƴģʳзڰϣ°ͶźѲս
ѲǲƳһʲô취
Ůϸָ޹˼ɵĴźѲֱۣ˵ǰҪհôȻǲǵġ
Ѳ̲סɨһۣ㻹½ղڶ𣿡
Ƴ֧֧Ǿܾܹǲõģ˵Ͼǣֻаһѡ
Ѳšüѣ㽫ѣ㵱̤塣
ԭѲҲƳƳΪڡϾһľԴ
ƳһһģɰƽմҼõģҹء
һҹͽˣƽҲ㡣
Ƴ⣬ǾҵĴˣҲûа취
ѲȴһҲûǨ֪ƳΪ˲˲è壬Ҳ緽ǰ㡣
ѲʰνǽҸһ𣿡
Ƴǡϲ㰡
ѲŭЦƳ֪£˭֪⸱ģֲͬһŮһȥΪˡ
ٳƳٴεʵҲѽ
ģɵĵʲôأ˵㣬ôþܾء
ҲҾܾ
Ī˵ƳͺѲƳ䣬֮䱾⣬Իѣ˵һˡ
ȺŹŮ˵ֻݵλȲϳΪѣƳ㣬ЩҶõĲǸѾ߶Ӱˡ
ΪҲҪӵļֵ
Ѳɫ滺һЩЩεĿƳ㲻Ǩ
Ƴɫȴδö٣ֻѲڰοɰ͵ԴŶ
Ѳ
ףب֮ģƳιϵԱƳܹΪ̫ߣϲɡ
һδж֮ǰܸƳκȷеĳŵ
˰ΣѲֻ˵һ²Ȣ
ƳϰѺѲ˼ʵҲֻҪѺѲԼԲ˳ҪһݣǽǶ衣
ƳȻ쿪ֱӵޣҲס壬ʵۣ̫󳼵ӡ
Ѳģ֮λͱضĻΣ˶ξ֮λѾðŴ踣ѾƳǰܴﵽߵˡ
ȵѲǻˣʱҲضԮʱΣάٵ۶裬շͼ֮ʺ֮λ
㵽ΪֹƳٶ˵Ѳ̬䱾ŲŲƨɣ˺ѲȻͷ°͡
ŮĴһѲһЩ۵ֶ˶٣ְҵĴ֡
ƳĿںѲǰһ棬²죬ִǶйλļв
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ȻҲ˵ö裬ڳе죬ǳдƺԾΪѲջٵλ
ʥÿ£ѲرǴ˴ѲеʵȨԽԽѲļơ
֣Լã֮϶ضǺѲλ
Ƴɻ󣬴֮ʤ߼λʱҵľǵյġ
ȻѲλôοǺʲô
Ƴ۷ѲñβŮգʲô
ƳÿҪôණ𣿺Ŷ硣
̯ںѲǰһڵ˭ÿ
䣬ƳƼͷһ䡰࡭
Ƴ֣¶ĵôô
Ѳ̫⣬šüָ̯ݵ⣿
Ƴ
ѲָһԼʺעйڲ࣬㾹ֻע⵽֣
Ƴϰʵ٣ҲΪܿʵЩҲûоԷֻһ˵ˡ
ܵҲÿ
Ѳ̬ȷǳصһŰֽд˼֣ƳƼĵһСࡱĸ֡
ȻƳǿעѸ٣㿴Ρ
ƳѲֵĵķȻǸĺÿ֡
ùѲеıʣĳúѲڿԼʱ϶ӵд¡
ָӣûд꣬ͱѲץס֡

ƳЦӯӯָһһ֣˵Ҹ˭ÿ
ĸ׽̵ģȥĸ׵ѼǲǵŮס֣ðʱĳ
ĸߺû˽̹ʱ̫࣬ѳͣ²ڵͬĸ׿߷ơ
ϵǣƳ־ÿˣԼ͸پͬͦο񣬹ְ¶â
ɱ֮ǲԶˡ
ѲĬˡ
ƳܲѲķӦžİѱһ飬ڴ˵գҲ
Ѳ
ƳЦˣһƣúÿɡ
Ѳֻ˵ʵ㲻˵㲻𡣡
ƳôµأȻǱȲةģôҸأԲ

ôĿ㣬ңǶҲ£ҲԣةҪء
һԵѩȥˣ޲Լû䡣
֮£û˸ҶԵֻƳˡסĵŵ·
ʱѩսսĵ˰죬Ѳڿˡ
Ƴ
ѩôΪƳ鶼ˡ
Ѳˣ´ˡ

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Ѳһأžһһԣ˵ȳаհҲգ
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Ƴ⣬ĺһûнӱʣͺÿ
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ѩ˱ۣĵˣǵԼûɡ
Ѳֻһʱĸ׹ɤӣ𣿡
ƳҪشͷС̫ҴҸ˹£ة

Ƴס̧ͷöϺѲĿ⣬Ƴ¶ţѲȴ򶨣Ƶ£⡪
δ䣬ƳѾɿĴﻬȥȣԼؽ˺Ѳǰ鰸档
Ѳšüô˵ȳʶƳƳæŰԼ¶ȹԼ
ƳҲʱƳ˫¹ۣѽ˽
ٲ˵˼ҵȼˣ͸ˣ
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Ѳƽһ ڻؼʱڣԼۣŲŲԼԭŵóʹ䲢£һЩ
ةҴãΪ£


36 Ϸ
Ѳɫһ, µĴ֮ڷ·һͻлл
ڵ´׶ʱĿɨѲһ۾Ϳ˰Եĺľʳ, ɫ糣, £ת˾˽ֿһ·ͬСɣ֮, ±ݾֶδ֮Էڡ
Ѳһ·Ƽ, ιע
Ѳ˵Ŀ˱˦ǵ, ̧־Ҫ
ҲΪѲӵݸ, ֱѲһⶪǵۣˮĿУѲѵýӲһ˲, 漴ջ, , ȥʱٿɡ
еӶһ, ĿͣǿͰ͵ͣ˼˲, 漴ǣ¡
ƳǣǰǺѲȣ˵ֱ޳һ˫ѥֳƳĶǡɵѲϥ, ͷܿԽ, Լ̬
̬Ŀα, Ƴǡɾʹ˫֮䡣
Ƴ̧ۿ˿ѩ, ֻѩ֪ʲôʱѾվλѲѿһˡ
ƳڵϣﻹԼɢȹ
ڼμСģġѾƽϢԹһնɣ͢ڵһʱ֣ۣԴԴϵʣΪλż
ΪһЩԱ𹫷˽ͨ´ĻͬҪ١
ԲδصڹԱ̰֮ϣԺѲһ鴦̰߸ܵİӣηԾɻǲԱӣһ´Ҫһ֮òڰпЧ
ѲЩʱע⵽Щ׶ˣֻ²Ҵ֮һʼԵطȨķɢΪ˷ֹطԱǿרְݱ䣬λͬ衣
ҪӸϽдĲü££Ϊ̫ӵĺѲȻЩ
Ѳʣةʲôߣ
£С㱥飬Ǹɶõ˲ţصڴ֮ڣͬʯײ
ƳĶţûЩˣֱӹ˺Ѳǰ
ƳûȤͷѲӣȻ˼˼
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Ůϸֱۣĸ˺Ѳϡ
ѲȻֹͣٲƬ̱ô˻һأȫʱ໥ìܣֵòʧ
Լǣ֪¿о֮
ŮϸиָڲϣƳú˼ָһûһµŪȡ
Ѳ
˰죬Ҳŵϵ̫ӳ̧ͷ̧ͷѲ
£
ѲɤӣµĿ
ƳڴһЦĽ°͸ںѲϣܵ˽ļ⡣
ںѲĿ£ŮͷȻ󷢴ȱջ֡
ѲڣкƽһԻɵңֻʮδܹ˼尾ɫ糣ֱʵȻ
ɫǳƲֻΪǵת˾ͳƽ֡
Ƴ§סѲСȣ˼ȥһҲʵźѲᱩ¶䱾ŪĴ
˵һ㣬ýˮ²Ϊɸһڶ㳼ΪҪ
Ů彿СҶעĵط
طҲ֮ء
ĻѲϣةлظ»顣
ٴοѲİס˺ѲĴΣδ򿪵ʳԾɸһԣ̫ѩվ̨£ӱһԡ
δԣǣ¡
߳Ѳֱһ콫ƳƳ˳ںѲϣĵˮȻ§סĲһ
գգ۾˫Ǵ棬˵ĻǱѲƭС
ʺѲѲ磬ҿ㲱Ӷˣһܴ̼ɡ
ŤŤƨɣֱЩѽǿϧةո˵ʲôѽû
ѲĵѾڲ֪ԽĵͣȻƳĵ죬ѾܿƵ§סŮϸȴ͵˵һ䣺ôô֪߳ܡ
ƳЦһĵ˾ϲˣ¶ϲˣϻҪԹ
˰ˣ˶ӣܲô׳Լɫġ
ֵͷıݺһڣ̺Ŀ֬Ⱦ˺ѲĴǡ
Ѳûɣĺӷûȥһɨ
ѩ飬ĬĴ˸ƣվڳī̵̫Թ˳ȥ
ѩʱĵĹ˴š
űðһЩߴӶľ͸˵ĲԵñͦΣü䡣
ƳһЦѲ磬Ϸòѽ
Ѳƣʲô
Ƴգգ۾źѲϣȻսϷ
ѲĴָƳϲеϵء
ƳѲĺᣬ͵ļ
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պһ峿ƳԺ㹷档
ֻӻƳģСһ£ֵֻնյģëɫڣʱ򿴲ȣú
Ƴ
Ժܣ֪Լ֣Ƴһ˷ܵźͮͮСͷƳɱ
ûΪ̫ܵԼˤ˸ͷ
ƳȴĶˣȻ򳤵֣Ƴ
СĹԴɷµİοŶ򡣡
ǡʱͷȻһңƳԣһһȺ̫ࡣ
ƳδЩ̫࣬²Ӧǹģƣĳλɵˡ
棬Ϊ׵λλƳ
ƳǰһŮǡ
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ӰæڵأƳҲ̫Щڶ
ϣԾƳºѲһ¡
˵ֻδ⣬ȴ֮ʣԭݶͿɴС񱻵ʥ˼νʱͬһʼȫȻͬˡ
δἰƳסһ£ɼʥϲھǣںѲߣʲôȻԶ
ʹ͵̫룬Ʒ̫˰Ž
Ƴ֪ǺѲֱʡ
Ϊյİʾãڻ֮죬ںѲַʽ
޷ڸߺѲΣ˭裬Ҫһݡ
ҲϵѲֿĺܻʵΪɵ˲ڶʱδͳ̫͸ݡ
ԤУѲҪڼƻԺѲٸ֡
ֻû뵽Ѳôһּ򵥵벻ķʽĵλ
ȵһ뿪ƳվǰȥЩ֮
̫̫̫࣬кüƳˣⳤһУĸһۿȥͼֵǡ
ⴺһСʰһߵ´áʵū澻ǵһ Ƽ¶˭ġ
ĿɨЩʹ͵Ķū澾Щ˵ǵģ´ضмĵġ
Կ
ⴺ֪ӲãԴʱʹͶ񲿰λԼµӿѡոĹȫǻ׹ˡ
ŮξӶ࣬Ѱɲ˵ģɺҡһҹ飬кЩЩŮ֮õģһרŰСϲġ
ⴺੲݵ˵һѣƳûȥ٣ЩܵŶһȻ±򣬵Ǿͺúɡ
ĺڲ֪йȥƳ˫һվͻ᳤Ҳ֪ʱѾָϸֻһЩԵİ̺ۣԴԺⴺĶͿҩҲѾۼ
Ϣ٣³ѿתůƳյЩʹ͵ĵյԼ
ɹƹǣͷδСǽԿɲμӵһ̤κطھʮ蹺г̲һ죬ȺСճµǲѵż
ǰƳҲͬСһμӹƵĻͬʼҼȲˣʱ̤κļᣬƳһ¸ʱҫĻˡ
ⴺӸ棬Ƴ
ƳڰϣĿϣ¶ɻ󣬾þδ
ⴺԹɫʲô𣿡
Ƴּ˲μ𣿡
ⴺ˼һ󣬵С
ҲδȢ޵ӣƹ˭
˵ˣԾһʹЩŮЩ׵Ļˡ
ΪҪأ
һֲǹŮƹͲʹͣ⣬Ȼǲʺ˭׵ģͷʺ檡
ѵǿںѲϽȥģ
ⴺԥƬ̣СȰ˵
Ƴ̧ͷⴺ
ⴺƹĸСĹùãС죬ū澲һ죿
䣬Ļ߼˳Щ
ڴ͵üûƳҪеķùˡ
գ˶
ƳÿһദƳ˵ʵ죬ƳδƽϣڱλϵҲʲôԣǱʶƳӦϥˡ
ѲӲƳɣ˴뿪ѲΪ˷ֹƳ⣬ص
ִ֮ƳҪˡ
⼸ôˣ
Ƴſںί¾Ҳȥ
һѲüʵΪΣ
Ƴ̾˿µ֦ҶֻҰСѾͷֻڶˣպҪȥܾҽύʸ֦
ˣȫȻյķδǼ£ֻڴЦô
պ뿪ˣѣҲҵġ
ƳЦЦӦ
˵˻ỰĬƳҲֺԼһƿ⿴ȥ
ֵޱȣ齨ΰߣţ߸ߵΧǽΧסͷңֻܿ֡
ϼûˣסӦǸ
ֱת˸䣬ƳԶԶıƼһ۵ĸۡ
ΪжԻͣۡĴţϿģΧǽҲߵģǰʯʨЩӵϾɣΧǽ֮ƼԺڽвֵľ
˿̣ۡųţһȺŻŮСվǰһһͣţƳϸȥƼһϤӰ
顣
ԭ鴫
ۿԽԽƳʱǵע⣬㲻࿴ҪʱƳһĨϸӰ
̬صƳһӰƳᡣǰĵΪѣϴЦ⣬м
ƳĬţһʱ˷ѡ
ʱķǸŮ˵ķ˿
л˵
ʱ
ҶС֣ҵԤյղ
֣ع£


37 ˮ
գۼ, ѾʻƳƿһЩ, ̽˰Դ󿴹ȥ, ԾûпǸŮ˵
ʵһŮ˸ж񣬲ʹһ۾
ֻǿƳĹػƲʲôˡһԵƳһֱ⿴, ɣ
ƳӣӦǰ, ҿˡ
Ĵ¶һĨֵЦ, Ƥ, ЩǿɭƯСޱ, ǶĿչͶµӰ
Ȼͻأһ䣺ֳȻ
ԼѾƳǰ˺, ˵Ҳٹ˼, ʵϻ, Ҳ, ⾩ûԸ𡣡
ƳﲻԼϵÿ˶˽Լ˵Թۡ
ʱܱ޲޹ֻҪ·, ͻ뾡һа취һ
ûµ, , ⡣
ΪƳм˽, ɨƳһۣĿͣƳϡ
Ȼƿڵʵòǲġ
Ƴĵ⻹˵ϻǵ֡
̬ڵϻͬ˵£ȥˡ
ͼֿ֣ڵ˵û⼸ȷʵòƵŮӣ˲ϰٸ޼ա
ˣһ֪ƺƲԼĸ׳ԵˣѾüòͬƵŮˡ
Ƴ¶׼Ĵż־֣ô
ЦһǸĺķӣ˵أ
԰գֶƳ֪ΪҪ˵Щ𣿡
Ƴҡҡͷ
䴽¶һĨºЦ㲻Ҫ£Ҳǲŵ֪ԭͬ˾Ҳмơ
ƳȻ˫ۣô᣿
סƳ֣ˮƳȷˡ
ûйϵһᱣġֻҪҵĻ鶨˺㡣
Ƴͷһġ
Ҳϲ飬㣬ҪԸ𣿡
ûȷеĻشֻѳС˭ϲ
ƳȷϲѳĴС㣬һǵ·һΪʡ
飬бõˡ
Щ˲Ѵ֮ڶȨȦˮƴȫԾ²ˡ
ʱҲ÷ŭ֪˭Ϊܸı˵ĵƣֻʹԼǸ
ͣ蹺һԷ˵ԷǱɽˮģ֦ѿ̲ˮ档
䲻ȥĶƳƳܸ˹ƹƳ̫ģҲͬͣνǼˡ
ԼĪ㣬Ƴſ顣
һϯɫĳȹױݾ£ÿһ۵СϸȥĿ֮¶Ĳ׵ķ⣬ϸۣ۽üҾǰ
һý鱦ϸƤ⡣
ƳһͷǸŮµĲ˸ˡ
ӦǳϲλװɣΪ˲׿ԵŮֵŮȫŪ
ƳվСϿֱĿŴ˿̱µ顣
ĵ׵Ķٴη鱾Ӧôġ
ĵ̧Լ֪жأӦһ۾ܿĵزɣΪʲôӦô
԰ĶҲͺˣҲһľءֱŪʲô˼ϲľϷ
룬Ƴͼ˷ܵĿԼϲ¶ŤЦݣǴǻ
ĺϲһйűģΪݽˡ
ţȴȻ˹ƳеĶⱻ۵ס
ķӦ£ƵĳƳЦЦڸƳټʣⱲӶֻķݡ
ƳҲţûעûװȥıҪתͷ룬ѵȨ
ȵ˲ൽԺǱͬһϺͣľۡ
岻ÿԼĪֻһʮˣ԰ͣ˺üҡ
Զ׼ͬһҵȻݵλߵд˵ʸ񣬿Ƴ²⣬ļ¶ǰźõģֹȦӣԼĹء
䣬һһڴ֮УƳΣôǲͬƹһҴϵġ
˼ţסƳʲôسѽ
ƳԼݣŮϵЦɤᣬİҪõĽãͬһҴ̧֮Ƴĵλ
ƳҲЦĴָĦԼ䣬Ȼס֣һ˴
棬Яųеı壬ŮǽλϲĽ̸ΪⴺЩ
ƳĻֻ࣬һֱԱߣźۼĹ۲
һλ¶ͬ˽С
ûһᣬƳ˴˴Լֱۡ
񿴹ȥȿһźƵЦԲźɫԾִ٣дڴ
㡭㡭ڸʲôѽ
ԭǸС͡
Ƴļû˵ĸȽеλĹŮǸԲ͵ģ˴ӵĵˣҲǸܴġ
ˣƳмںķѾдϣӦ˾䣺羰
õӦŮáÿҡҿϡʶҲû˸ҡ˵
û뵽ǸͣǸʶɫĴ
ûüֵ˴ߣһ˹ĿɨƳŮŮ鿴һ£ʼԾķǱȡ
ЦⲻǺǸ𣬲ٸúôţǻˣ
㼸ǰдСӵʱջھдأ㶶ʲôء
ӸµĿŮҿûʲôôдǽ˿ģ㲻һֱ𣿡
ֻ뿴дʲôˡ
黰ϣܱ߱һЦŮ㶶øǵͨ졣

Ƴû˿Ҫ˼䣬䲻֪ʲôʱѾߵһߡ
Ҫȥ䣬ɻû߼ŵ˸𣿡
һУһͣҲͦԼҰ鰡
ƳסŲ
ôȥˣΪʸ䣬ʸ¾ҫˣڹҲǸδһӣ˱µʹͣҲԶϲ̨档
Ƴʱֻһ˵඼ڣҲƳȥ״
Ƴһĵλ뽾ݡ
ܿ鲢һûӵŮˣˣȫȻΪˡ
Сʹ˿סƳ֣Сǡ߰ɡ
ߣ𣿡
ƳļĴ𴽣أ
ļͷҷ֮ܵסŮ͹ˡ
һǻ治Ƴ
˷һ˲̧־ҪƳһơ
Ƴ˼һ˺ûǲ̺ʱһֱֻֽ
㣿
ʲôϷ롣
šüվƳǰ飬ɲҪ̫
ȻҲǳ⣬ڰ˵
ͬѣȻ㼸۸
ƳĿ
ЩˣԤϵضжֻǲ֪жˡ
ѾԽңڱƳһѣһʱûվȣȺײ飬ץ䣬ȻͼϷԵʹһˮ
ͨ
ˮ
һ˲䣬Ƴ˼㶸Ȼ
۴Ҵҿ˰ƳæһŻʪ͸һ˱Է
ĺˮ̹ǣϹһĶСĲ԰ףĳֻȣ䱻ͽһ䷿
Ƴⷿů紺̿ͱˡ
΢ЩƳȥ
˶˸Ƴһ̣ͷһ衣
ҷŽЩҩȥˣܽ˯һʱ
Ȼֽ͵Ŀ֮һ£ǳԻֶ࣬Ҷ˽⣬³ɺһ𣬴뿪ֱɱ㡣
ˣȻô˻Ͻܻضе±ӣ㰲ȫ
ƳԥţٲߣҲס㣡
Ƴ㶵Ľӹ̣ϾǾ֮ɫֻԥƬ̱æҡȥҡ
Ƴ߳ţϵľ֮ɫһһȥ˽Ų֮ԶͣפŮɣͶĿ⡣
һּ޻õĻ
Ӧаţʱעϣע⵽˭ֻῴͻȻζһ飬Ȼһͬ˺
ⷬΪҲ
Ĳ˶ǱȻġ
䲻ָ͵Ķȣ鼫пѾҩĿ֮Ųķ䣬ҩͿɣȻֽŲֻʳӡ
ʵı顣
ˣƳ˽⣬ֻ֣ʧȥ̫ĻᣬƳ²ζǴ.ҩ
ʱȰᵹ飬ֽһƳϣ赶ɱ˳ȥѲΨһŮӣΪˮһҲضᴫѲкѲӡԽĺá
һʯ̴žž졣
Ƴ̨ף˼ηȥʱһ̧Ƽӭ
һϮ£ȻĴҴҡȻҲֻһɨ˿顣
ԭļƻƳƷɫĶ̣ǰߡ
ֻӭʱƳȻһȣײڵĲˮһ
ͬʱüƳһѣ˿ƿƳʱֱӺƳƵˤ˵ϡ
Ƴϱ˴Ĳˮɫţڣ
ӣҡǹġ
ȴȤӸµĿһۣ
ͬʱƳƵ飡


38 
в˵ĿⶼϢľۼƳ, Ƴֻʣ۰׵ȹˮʪ˴, ɺˤڵ, һˮֻʣһס
鱻ˣ
³ôյϢ, ڻ֪ˮһ¡
λ谮ǾͲܶĻӲܡ
Ƴֳŵ, ε, ļ΢΢Ŷ, ȥԼ֪Լм£ͼӴ׵ĸ˵һ顣
һȥͽȥͲ, ҺúǸ, Ȼٻȥҵ¡
ɺ, ·, ƯСž, 촽΢ţС߶Ȼһ㶼ûˣҪµġ
ĿƳĴɺϣĿԽΣա
ģ
ƳڡǱߡ
Ƴָ˸򣬵Ҫȥ𣿡
Ƴδ˵ѣʱֻҪһܲҴܿε, 㳣˲ܿ
ΪϹȥʱ, ȴȻһ𡣡
Ƴһ, Ѿ߿, ҷֻøȥ
Ƴ֪ûȫ˵ˣҲ³ݺô׷Ź
֣ƳԽһġ
˶Ǹһ뿪ˣ컯֮ʲô
ǰƳΪ˸ֻüӿŲǼǹ飬һ·δԡ
Ƴϸ۲ֳ
ò˵˵һرҲΪò信ȷʵ׿£Եͨôװ磬Ǹı䲻˵ġ
ҲȫȻͬƳͬӴֻ֪࣬ز¶ȲѣһҲ
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ȵ˵طĬһ߿˷ţڹֻһˣѾѲ֪ܵδ
ˣһʪ£˿־ķ֮ϡ
첽߽ϾãŲܹأҲóȻ鱧ߡ
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ĿƳϡ
ƳԼ̣ĵǰɣ⹷Ѳ·˸鴩
գۼ䣬ƿĿ⣬Ȼ󵱻ϵק˱ϡ
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ʪ͸־ԼޱȣͷҲΡ
һۣ㱾ͿԼֳݡ
Ȼʱ˵ǰ
ʱʮ꣬Ȼǵøҵʱ
ʱӵңͬҵһж룬֪Լݵ΢ƾŵԽ塣
Ծʱĸ׸ոȥҲûлѹҪץסл
뵽һСŮʲôĻļƻɹÿ˶ϲ
ˡ
˺ܴһ˳ǰԲź˵ŮȻʱ鲻֪ǸŮ治ڣԾɻ˵ֻƬģǸŮ
ȷ˵֪ǸŮϲСҲŪһСȻ˵С档
ǸŮϲӣҲ˵Ҫӡ
ʱ˸ԺͻⰵʾӲõˣŮûˡ
ֻ֪ңֻϲ˲Żϲ
սʱ״ֻǵģûνΪ˺˿İˡ
ֱڣƺҲˡ
죬ֻˣǲô⡣
ֳ
ʱ¶ϲ
ʱʮ꣬ѾԿʣӶôͼֺöûá

ܿ죬ͷλƵǹֳ
߰Скôαװ¶
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һ̬ļͥ
ƫִĸףĸףһԵĺӡ
֪ͲԹ¾˵ϸʱλĬԵֳ͵͵¶۵Ŀ⡣
ʹȻȥˣҲ̫ϲ߷ֵС
ǰˣ׽ȻĽĿǣ֣һ˵İ
һʱǱĬİʾʱ˲ŻЦһЩ˰һļͥ
ɣļƻɹˡ
Ȼ֪ԣ˽ݣȴȻΪǸ磬á
һܰļͥ籣һǳ顣
ԾɾòԼһֱ.̬ռҪ޵İݺ簮Ҫĸ顣
ҪİĿԵĳ谮
ƳվſڣĬĹ۲ǰöˡ
黹ûзվſڵƳҩ£ʹ˲١
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˼ԼЩ᲻ɱʱȴüջԼ֡
ü˼ֲײ
ƳЩ⡣
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ӿһ㲻˵ģƳ˹ȥ֪ɷ°һ¡
Ȼ֪ӣƳӦһȻ
ǡʱһ֡
Ϣ͹ƹ
⣬ôˣѣôûź򣿡ƹšüǰһĻ
ةôҲˣ
ѾҲ漴ϵ俴ԼƳ˼׹ߡ
ƻʧˡ
ƲסĿɨ˹
һ˲䣬ֻԼһ
Ҳ֪Ϊμ÷һˣܸ͡
ûƹֱӵ䡣
˻֪Ϥ·ȴë
ǲãرЩŮССܣƽ˻һ£ɴߡ
ƻһʼֻɹʧܣҪٵ飬Ҫɹȴһûгɹ
һĽΪ׳ʵѾߴƳнӹ飬ûжԣûƹˣֱӴ뿪
Ƴǰʱǲ±һضɡ
µ仹ʲô׵ģƳָ׼ݽ
ƳŲô룬̧š
ʱץסƳۿͨ죬ҧгݰġ
ƭң
Ŀ֮£Ƴ̧֣ڣ㣬Ūʹˡ
ҧҧּ֪Լˮķ̿
˵Ŀ΢
Ǻɫв¶˶ۡ
ƳٶԣԺⴺͬһ
δƳһƺֻض
ǴѾ뻤ֻͣԺⴺϢֿͨ飬Ѿ֪һ
Ƴɣڣڵÿգеĺ˿ڳúõĲˮ
ⴺȴɲ񾭣ة𣿡
Ƴң´ͷβһֲ߻ʲôϵ
ⴺֱۣӰбŶ
ⴺһ㶣С㡪
һ٣ⴺһֱ˿̲Ƴͷβһ߼
ȻëڿʼηԼǰ޺С
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һֱΪƳֳ֮顣
ƻէһû⡣
ȴƳҪʲôһóѣôͼΪڶ̫ʥǴͻ飬ǴѶ׼̫ҲóֶԸ
ˣȱһֺݾնݳҲնݳֻһϢд棬ɽڣͻһֱҫ
ôֻΪ̫ȴȻƳ
ɷȫȻͬˣĺӹһ٣ͱضܲ˵ǧٱĻ䡣
ͬǣһȴŮΪڶ̫
ʱ̫һλԾɿ䳹˳С
⣬Ļȸں
*
Ƴٴƿ⿴ȥʱѼס·ߣǿ϶ȵٵȷʵǳǸˡ
Ҳô˷ƫƫ˷ֻأ
ⴺ˵ةֱӻض𣿡
Ƴҡҡͷʵ֪
ⴺҲûжʣֻԤУƳô׵ķŹ顣
ƳˣԴѣ˼ܣ㹻ݣ²ܾôˡ
Ƴ˵ǲɺȻⴺǹţȵʱ죬ڡ
ǵһʳ֮ڵÿˣڱӡ
Ȼ𣬴ҳʸˡ
ֻǵһ
ûãͣȷ˵ǴͣҲͣ
鱻ƳûнȥҲܿڿʱǸŵģ
ûм̽ȥ
ƳãȻѰҴѰƵŮӣǽ͵ǰðżյġ
ھҲͷ¶ô˶ûҪôΪʮȥνͬ費ҰοҪôֹ
Ƴƶȥ
µûϴ϶֪ѲµŮ˾쾭һ£ҲϵǹײԲŻʱһӦ˵Щʲô
Ƴ£֪Ȥȥһ
ƳȻȥȴšüɡ
Ƴȴ⣬ûϵ
ⴺֻøƳ˳ֵݸƳһñǾò棬Դϡ
ǾǲҲУƳˣûʲôġ
Ƴһۣ㽫ñݸһԵСˣˣ߰ɡ
ƳЩ˷ܣһȥĳܴۡ󣬼ҡ
ԼڻԺûжѾСˣҲǶȥæˡ
ƳΪ֮ǰʱȴͣһſڣ֪ǷȤһġ
Ƴûоܾ
Ÿոսţű㱻ٿȻϣعͷƳĿЩް
ˣǶ˶Ա˴ղƳҲûҪαװȥ䴽Ӳھΰɡ
ָָʳǵķָҵ֪Ŷ
ȻָѲ
ֶΡ
ƳΪ˵ǽ֮£ôĴ㣬ȴݺңҲѰԱˡ
һŮȻҪŴЩ
˵ϲڵĻҳȻֹ̧˰գܽλߵ۾ǣѾǵһˡ
ƳѲĵ.һ˰ˣʲôѵġ
ҺѲ׵Ҫߵ˼£Ȼܶ˵֮
һЦ۾гǫѽ
϶ԣЦ±㿪żɽ
Σ㣬ֻΪһ¡
ʲô
뿪ǡ
ƳЦ˳ʣҪǲأ
֪ʲô
һƳ˼ھ޷Ϊ̫㲻ߣҲ޷Ϊƶ»ӻ㣬ҲҸ½𡣡
ƳûгΪȷƶ
Ϊֵá
ٳ飬ûжԹԴֻΪ˺鿪İˡȴҪ˸֮غüĴۣеӶô
뷨û
ڣԾİҲ̫ˡ
֪Ϊε²Ȣ𣬴ΪŮΪҸ״£ڵѲ֮ǰͻ顣
ڵ¸ȣȺǻʱΪһŮˣ볯һսԻٳǡ


39 
Ƴ֪, ڸⲻҸҲΪսѲ, ǺѲ᲻Ϊ, ͬ
ɷ˵Ǻе
Ƴǲ
˫ֱЦⲻûֱӻش, սЩ㻹ûлشңΪʲôҪ뿪أ
ܲΪϲҰɣȻ޸, ǵϲ˭ʲôϵأ
Ůϵǳ㴫, ͬͿζ, Ƴϵζ˾ޱȡ
۽ޣͬƳӡ
ŮĿɾޱȣƯ, ҰŮ, , , αװҰĲ
ͬʱ, ƺֺʵΪװס
ԾĿʼƳһԱȡ
ͬαݣ˽ȴϲվڸλԺصĵײ޹߽ҫѹԴøλԽС
ɶƳ˵ʵе˭ϲ˭, Ŀȷޱ, ҪĽǸ߸, ڸ߸ʱ, ޹ߡ
ûдġ
ƿĿ⣬㲻֪
Ƴգգ۾Ϊ⣬Ҳ̫Щ
ͬƳЩ룬֧ժ͸չ׵°ϣššüģƺЩˡ
ƹǲԸ뿪ˣ
ƳʮɵһԸ⡣
ֳ߽ҪǲԸ⣬㲻ɱҰɣұͬԩ޳ѽ
Ȼ˾ϣӦе
ƳҲöϲ飬Ʃ緽־ô˵ҲǳϦദʮãķӦ죬ҲλƳӲû
Խ棬Ŀһһ绮ة
Ϣǳľ࣬ϰ˿ôϵĲǷǳִ֪÷˼һʱԭزδ㿪
Ƴڹ۲һʱϸ΢ע⵽ĽӲ
Ƴգգ۾Ҳò˼顣
ѵ⾩˶ô׹.𣿻˵ʵϲ˵ƫһҵŮӣ
һ˲䣬ƳԴ߰пյණڻڸѲһ϶ǲѲֿġ
ӦҲеôģҪټӰѾԺٵ
Ƴָ˹ģϹˡ
ȻһĿްƳĿмΣգˡ
Ƴһ̯ةҪװˡ֪ΪʲôҪ뿪ΪĻ𣿡
ֵҸһҲãҲƽ֮ǰҵ£պǾˮˮ𣿡
ȴ⣬񲢲ٸƳϻ¶һ˿
ţѤõչսƳյ۾ﲻ½
Ƴ΢΢ָϽεЦ⵭˼֡
վǰ̬С
£һŮԣ°м䡣
ƳҶһΣ
ʲô
ƳЦȻǶľ֮
ȷʵӺܴ󡣡
ƳеĳڣڼžУ
˸߿ԼˣȷߵĵλǣǽȻҫ
Ƴ׵¶Ȼǰ˻ΣڱصðŮˣѪеĶǵһС
˶٣ֵԣܽжߡ
ǻĸԸģǿƿ㣬㴹
ưɣˣҪڡ
Ůĵ˼֮ϳеһʡ
ˮ
ĸס
ֻһ۵Ůˣȴƿĸס
ĸ׸Ӳ壬Ȩ㳯Ұƺǹ룬Ϊ֪ǣΪ֦Цһ¾Ϳĵһֻ
ȨԸԼʳ֦ҪѪܵ᲻ŪŮ˽۰֡
ǰǾӵܵĴ
ֱ֦޸ֳֳڳ׵ճλƯɩɩڼУǹһҡ
սǿֶв֦޸˷ܶޣɨأ֦ҲδйȴְȨƶòί
ǸϢµĲ
ʱĸ׺ĸ׹ϵСõĸ׵۰ĸȴΪ׶һһεƿ
ֻҹ˾ʱŻһС޹ĺӴᡣ
Щǵãӡֻи׵ĺӣĸ׵Į
˵ĹϵҲһʱĺתʱ֦ƺǽһ㣬˶ļ̣һ˸
Ȼ˶ɽʱһ߾ꡣ
һ˴Ծһ
񴴨ߵһУ˵֦
ɴʱǰѾ˸ɾż߶һƺ֦ʧƽ
ɶʮȥ֦˵һǧ˰ٵּϢİɲֺ
Ʋ
ֲòϣҲܰŮˣס
ԸΪ׿һЩ˽αģѪ׵顣
*
ͬƳУƳͷֻļͷǲ˵ǼΪ۵ġ
ʱһС˴ҴҴԺܹ
ӣ
סŲعͷȥƳҲŻͷ
ܴС˴Ӵ԰ܹѾ۵Ĵһ̧ۣͿ˲ˡ
չҫۣһʱЩȻ˺ܰ䣬˵ְ䣬Ǻܺг
Сһ˲ܿ췴Ӧӣ˽ȥ
Ƴ˲ͻȻ֣뿪棬ȴ˷
һ֪ˣȻȥɡ
Сǿھ͹ȥ
СˣҪأ
ƳĬ룬ôôҩЧ͹ˣ仹ˡ
ššüֻÿƳˡ²ܶ͡
ƳͷûϵҸһȥƳ
Ȼģ
ǰƳȥڻϽͣȻͬ⣬ֱӾܾˣء
ƳһЦƫߣ컯֮ץס䣬ͬͬãΪξܾ
ͼԼ֣ƳץýܲͬһŮſһʱЩΡ
ͼѣƳٲ־Ͷļơ
СûƳƳһ۾;кøУӣȻСѣʹȥɡ
˴ߵļ
δ䣬бСһۣһ죬ʶȤı졣
عҲ̧ȥɣ⣬ǸӺá
ǲ˵Ƴ˵ʹգ˵ˣƳһ뿴Ѳ֪۸ǺηӦ
ʮֿǰòȻĶĵպѲǵǻ϶ںѲߴ߷磬Ĺ١
ӵ룬㣬ôÿʱ˲£СĹŮٺòˡ
ɣ
ȻѾʧȥģҪ˹ƳʱȻһ
ôû
Ů˵յ⣬ͻּдڸС
ҲĻƳԶļ䡣
Ƴ̧˹ȥ
ŮһɫɴȹƳƳʱϸϸĲ·һ۾ͶϣڷѩľĶǡ
ˣƳ׾˺ıָһˡ
ǵصϤϯɿס֡
ӣ첽ǰߵ֦ԣĸףôԳˣ
֦ȴӸղſʼ۾һգգĶƳߵ߶δ
üƳһۣȻǻȥɡ
֦Ȼûг
ѿ֣ǰ˼ĿȻƳϣڵ㡭
ԸƳϻʱ䣬ҲƳ˽Ӵ֦
黹ڵǡ
֦ȴûһ㣬ԾڿƳĿŵĲ⡣
ƳͷƯµСϹŵ˻ĵЦ֦˻֣ˡ
֦Цǰ˼ָоСĵһۣ;ú˷ܣҲϲѾòоˣʲô
Լǲʶȷʵʲôǵˡ
ѹСƳ㡭ʲô֣
ƳŮ˵ͻһһ٣ˣҽƳŶ
˵ľɳҪԶഺҪᶨƶϡ
֦򴽣Ƴִ߹һ飬ɬޱȡ
ȻץסƳֱۣҪһ𣿡
ЩеĵСӣбģƳûʲôԵģҽаȥ򣿡
ɫÿʵ֦֢״ڼǰѾöˡ
ֻżǰԲˣʱд棬ǽ쿴Ƴ֦Լ
Ƴֱ۱֦ץЩʹȻûѡ
ǡʱԱߵС˵ˣƹ˵ǴСأС⣬ƹҪأ
֦ϵЦЩԭô£ô˽ȥ
ײˣҲ֦棬֮ǰЩ֦ͬмƵˣ֦ҲдҲʲôԡ
Ƴ֦û˿ִǵס֦ĸ첲Цʣ˵浾ˣ黹ء
֦ŴЦĿдżݵǺӰҹ߻ˣܹ
ƳЦⲻβȴ¶
Цŵ
˵ʱĸţ˷ˡ
ˣҲҶȥˣ׷ңûôˣҿǺòײŻڡ
ԿһƳ
֦ƳֱĿ¶ãȻͼο
ȥˡ
ֵպҪѽ佾ЩԲģһС۸ġ
Ƴδȥ˵ʲô
ֻȥˡʵ̫赭д
һ˵ԣΪ˲Ϊ˻ó谮Ϊ˹͵Ϊԣᶨƶϡ
˵Ǿġ
òײŻڡ
ģǳǳŬŻѲһ죬ȻƴץסᣬѵǸҵľǡ
Ѳ⼸˶ñĵ۹òӸµ̬ظԶͼһˡ
ϲ̨棬˼αֻ᲻ֺñˡ
Щǿ﷢顣
һе㣬ΪߵŮˡ֦ʮһǰǸղǶ
ʮһǰ֦
Ϊ̵ǣƳϾҪʮˡ
ɽ죬һ֪ԭ׽֦
ƳһҲ˵һ䣺ȥˡ
̧ۣڡ
꣬Լһ˴Ժſʯϣһһյ׻ӹȥˡ
꣬ۿŴСһֱСɱƤʬڵ޲ҪȻŮ˦һƵӹȥˡ
µϴ·˽Ů㣬ЦֺѾߣܷӶȥˡ
ǵģЩܶ裬Ӷȥˡ
Ƴ
ΨһмֵĶ
һܼᶨҲһԶѤá
*
ƳĦ֦֣ѽõˡ
԰գƳֿ֦һ˵ǰЦˣûз֣ʵеѽ
Ƴһԣ֦ȴĲƳ
ƳҲ̹Ȼ֦ͬӣգգ۾ǵ۾񡣡
Ҽǲ׵ˣһͷһƯɡ
ȷʵ
ֿʱ򵹲ãȴ֦Ϧദ˶Ƴ֦񣬵վһʱȫȻͬˡ
һ˵񣬵ƺﶼĹ֮С
ͬǰǼһЩŮȫȻͬ
Ҳһ˲䣬ȻʼƳ
ƳǾ仰Ҳٴ
꣬ҲҶȥˡ
ꡣ
ʱ꣬ǸŮĴڵĻҲꡣ
էһ⻰׾ͻΪĸһأ
ʵôϣ²ʵ̫ףʮȥÿ˶ѾĬǸνŮǲڵˡ
֦һƳ㳤ÿÿ
ƳĵǸȣϻǵˣһֱ˵ҳĳ
ȷʵ˵Ļ֦üҲ̫Щ
Ƴǵ§֦ԽĲ˲գûϵѽҶ
һĽѽСʱ˾ͺˡ
һԿţޱ룬Ƴ˻ĵֶαҪȻĶࡣ
Ƴһ˵ʲôĻìܡ
֦Ƴֳ˳ѰѺã̼ܵʱĴͻһЩʱᰲ֦ǽյ֦ۿɼĿģ㲢δԡ
Ƴһͣһ󻨴ӵԺӣָ󳨵ķţ̾Ժ𣿡
֦˵ͷ̾˿˵ϲָĻ
ƳЦ
§ס֦ĸ첲֦߽ͬȥ
û飬洫һŭǸҹȥ
ֳأҲ𣿡
ƳԣĿ˱ۣдᷳ
֦ôڷƢ
֦֪״ˣźתһЩϰԵĵףôôѽ
Ȼֹ
Ƴվ֦֦࣬ԣЦſ
һź֦ƵƵʡ
ƳͷڵͫʶЦ㣬ּ
ıһ˲佩סޱϵָ
Ƴ
֦Ƴֵ飬Ұ˭ˡ
ǿİͷҪԼƢҲƳ㡣
ѵ˿ڿˮһ
ȻԼԣҪס
鲻ٿƳѹԼƢ֦ôˡ
֦˵ʲô㲡Ƴѽ
ü֪˭һũŮǼҵļš
֮ǰҲģҶǲǹԲȵġ
ǰ˵Ҳˣ֦ҲֻҪӲ֦Эǽ֦ɫȴ
飬ô˵ġ
ũŮأ
һԭأ֦δѻ˵ȫ֪˼
أ
㲻ҲֻһѾߵŮ
֦֮ǰδ˵̶Ļ޴ʹ鼸ҪסԼı顣
ΪʲôҲ֪ƾʲô
׻Ϊһ˳
ۿ˲ͺ
֦Ҳ֪Լ⻰Щˣ򴽵´οɲˡ
Ƴĵ˲Ҫϰˡ
˵ʲôƽҶмڡ
˵һ룬ְ֦Ѻ˻ȥֻߣҲ뿴㡣
Ƴ飬ҲǺģ֪ݵͼ
סҪȥֱӴƳһƵĳ嶯ԵĽĿͶ
֦޶ԡ
һٶ֦ٳҲĥƢƳкøУʮŮҲ뿴
ҹǸ߻ˣˣұ㸸ܽ㡣
һæҪ
ǿѹסԼƢЭڴϳƳ֣ҽղ˰㣬鲻á
ǹ⳯㷢ƢģƢİɡ
ƳĵϷȻᰡ
Ǵʱճ̫ĺѲһһʣƳ𣿡
ѩС׷ϺѲ£δ
Ѳššṳ̈κںѲʵûʲôòμӵģ²Ųʱȷʵһᡣ
ѩŵ£շЩ£ƹūҲǸյõϢ˵ةȥġ
ѲɫÿûʲôӡϴιȻƳһ£ûˣȻƳظˡ
ȥʲô
ѩҡҡͷūҲ֪
Ѳֻԥ˲һ˲ֱˣȥ
*
֮ڣƳĴߣʵİο
֦һԣЦĿƳ顣
˹һӣǿԡ
Ƴŷ֮ӡ
ˮװţܴ󣬹Ǵܿһ֭
һӣѸٰƤȻллף
֦οĿţĿȴм˵ıݣͨӵĶһˡ
Ƴȴٳδ
֦ôѽ
ֿʼˣŮϲѽԽԽãѽ
ƳЦЦƿӵҲϲ
֦˱䡣
ƳСʱϲɺ׵ӲһˣҾͲҪˡ
ƳĻʵǰìܣ֦ûз֡
ӵЩȻ󱳹ȥظŮϲˡ
ʱžԵĿƳҪ˵
ĿǰΪֹֻƳһ֪ûк˵
ԲƳ˼Ƴ˵ʲôλ
Ƴȴ⡣
סֱ֣Ŀ飬㣬˵˻һŮ𣿡
⼸ǽɰĻ⡣
ңƳô֪ġ
֦ٿȻתæͷһŮеģϲӡ
ȴܲôˣͼ⣬ˣҲҪɡ
Ƴӵĵ㣬׶ѽ֪Ϊĸء
䣬ҧгݰ졣
ƳƫѹĳֽԹޣСϲ𣿻˵ǸŮϲϲأ
⻰֪ۣٿȻ̧ͷ˫ӣ죡
ţƳһѡ
Ƴһʱ죬ڵϣβȵվ֦ˡ
ؿۿͨ죬ƿվףҲϲ
ߺòá
Ƴס֦ĸ첲Ĭö֦
ף֪ҪԼŮҲŮѽ
ָƳֻе㣬һˣҪΪڲ𣿡
ܹµӣÿһ֦ƵˣԭƳҪˣھȻҵ
סԼԴǷһ˻𣺡ġܹˡ
֦Ƴм䣬һʱЩҡ
Ъ˹ƳֻǳĬĴ
֦һʱס֪ηӦ
ʱȻҪƳļƣ֦ʶȥһ˲
ĸףǲҰߣҲһͷײˣ
Ķסˡ
ƳʱߵͲŵ˵һ䣺
ûзӦҲһ˲ԥץסƳ䣬ȻֱӰƳ˳
ȾſܵĺָѸ𣬿ԤһȥضƳٵ
Ƴû㡣
ȴΪװΪ˲ͬ飬ֻΪȷһʧ
һ죬ǣǺ飬Ľʧˡ
ȻеԱƣˡ
վԱߣԭȥֹɻû֣һ˾ͿĶ
еʹδ١
ƳѲһУһҲֱ¡Ȼţ˳ƽ˦˵ϡ
һ
һƬž
һжգۼ䷢¡
֦֪Ƭ̵ԥŮģĻᡣ
л˵
ǰ״̬һֱǳãϣûбӰ졣
Ҹо֧ˣ
۷Ŷ


40 
漸һƬҡ
ҴҸϹѩ˴˿վ, ͷ
ǲߵſڣδС˽ȥͨ, 㴫Ъ˹ŭ, ѩʱĵãѲֹ̧Ҫ̫ͨ, ֱ˽ȥ
һȥͿĿ鳶ƹ, һ˲̧֡
ѩ, һסֻû, ѲĶͿ
ųƳεĿڻȵؿȵ
һֻ־ͽƳڸǰ, Ҳ⡣
Ƴ۾, ԰Ӳ, ִĿ, ʱ˵ĵ찡, ֪ʲôʱġ
Ѳֻڵסʱ˳ƽһƴ˻ȥһ˦ûˤڵϣصÿ˵Ķ䣬ܹͷѵ
鵹ڵϣûվ, ؿ, ֱӿȳһѪ
ˤùͷɢ, Ҳ͵㡭Ҵ, ĵӣ
֪˭۵üľȻȥƳ
ɵһ̧ۣȷһϤηĿɱ·ڿһˡ
絶У㣿¾ɱҲ´ࡣ
˲ͫ׽ĪĿ־ϯһԼ˵ʲô治Ļ
ֻ֮£ʶĿ
ȴһԵ˱ۣҲû뵽ѲͻȻ
ֽȫϣ֦ϣ֦һֱĴҲȥˣѱŵԭء
ɤɬס
֦һƬ磬ܹˣܲô̼
ϵѪˣûзӦԼ˿̷·޾ӣסĿڱǣá
ͷֿʼʹˣȴûаǰĻ档
ֻƳϵڶظ
һһϳߡ
סֺһ顣
Ǻڰ֮б俪һϸ죬й͸˽
ŷӦæȥ飬ŵ顭ϺöѪ
ȥȥ̫㿴ôˡ
ûжͬѲ˸Ȼʧԣˡ
Ѳˮ½ǲǴѹǧľδá
ᶯֵȷ˵֮⣬ƳֱѲץסȷʵ
ǰ뵽̬ᵽ˲ɿصĵزƲƳ
ƳʱĬĬӺѲ߳ӸµĿһ۴˿֦ڻ飬ȻѲ䣬
ûµģɡ
ѲƳķӦ㲻عʲô
֦˵Ļν飺ˣδЩ˰ɡ㰮ŮУһŮȴżƳǿ޺ǿԣ̵Ůģ
ǿǣⲢ֦顣
ֻ֦Щݰˡ
֦ʶѲЩԽĽ߶ţҪ˺ҵŮ
˵̵꣬ĿƳ뻺ƳĹϵҲ͵顭ǹġ
Ǹúӣˣ㲻Ҫͬƽˡ
Ů˾ֲ԰׵ʵڳƳĵԼôװ¾ǵŮ˼洫
ѲȥˣЦһҪڣƳһ
ɵ·ָ׻Ữҵ
ͬԭԩ޳ѽˣŮ̻ͬʲôϵأΪҪƽϣ
֦һʱԡ
ʵ̫԰ףһˣûм䣬ʱ˼ûС
ʮ¶Ļɷкӣһͬˮ¡
֡
ƶиŮȴʲôҲ벻
벻Ůӣ벻Ů֪ΪʲôŮ֪ԼȥԼŮֻ֪һܿɰСŮ
ССģᱧȸһͷںڵķֺ
еС
Ҳǳ򵥡
ѾѾ׵ĻϵĲ֦һμʱССվڰ͵֮£Ųѣۺ۵ĿŲԶһȺˣС
Ȼתͷ˫۾֦һ񿴵һ˫۾ҲƯ
ʲô벻
֪Ů᲻ҲĽأ
᲻ᱻż᲻ҲѣûԸ档
޴ĿֻŻξһ˲Ͱʲôûе֪ӦʲôֻǰȥܿģСŮڻ
ȻɵϣʱҲ˰Ůڻ
˵Ҫѹ߰ɡ
ŮΣ˼ף˵עϡ
ĵһʼʱ򣬺̶ܴȵĻţʱţʮȥԾɾԼͬʮǰһһС
ŮͼοԼ뿪ˣŮôɰһҲǱ˵顣
Ȼţ֦Ŀ֮ûͷûβƳһ䣺´λ𣿡
ƳʣΪʲôҪҹأ
֦˵ˡ
ΪʲôҲ֪
Ƴ̾˿侲ʵϴӷźѲһִ׹˼Ļ㱸С
ȵӰԼжϵԹ޹ȥҲʼԼɡ
ˣһӻ˵Ůˣһȥָ̫ࡣ
ȷǡ
ƳĿ֦ϵѰӻ飬Ƕ֦Ϊġ
ǴδֹǸ׵˿ҲǸ鰮ˡ
ҲζţֻҪƿ֦ƿ
֦˵ƳҲǿûֱӸ֦ѰôŮ
ǿӣˣ֪СʱΪʲôϲ𣿡
֦ش͵ΪҰƤС
ֵǣ֦ûӦôƤ
кȻľ͸ֳһ͸ŹӵţںڰѽΡ
ɵҪȥʱƳȴѾתȥ
޹˼ɵıס˺ѲղĲҪˣ߰ɡ
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̲ܽһˡ
ѲƳŽԺϸһûʲôطˣƳŪķˣĿֵ˵ѽûˡ
ԴӴԺƳ¾Ͳ̫ߡ
ĺϣŴ⣬ӽŮķ˿
Ѳסջ֡
ܲµĳŶǷЩʲôƳû˵ûʡ
ƳٻôʱȻƳҲǸƢʱƳ޲ð˼дϣȫȻһ
Ƴ֪Ѳһֱڿ
ڲү
ȻѲ޹ģĿǰΪֹΨһһƫ̻ˣƳӵ룬ûб˿ֻίѲˡ
ˣҪúѲһ𲻸ˡ
ƳʵǸرСˣôһ졣
˺һᣬ·Ǿһ˼ǰ㣬ѲŴ
Ƴˡ
ƳĲףôÿκ˵ַôӲġ
־еЦ
Ѳ֪Ƴ룬ɤӣַŵǾòͬٻȥһˡ
Ƴԭе棬Ȼȥ
Ѳ˭۸㣬۸ǲʲôˣҹҲ翴˳ˡ
Ƴ
ҪҲһƣ
̣黹ûбסһЦ˳ָźѲɰ
Ѳһ㲻Լɣɫ¿Ǹ˵ġ
Ƴ־ԼҲûôˣʵúѲͬ˺Сʵûʲô
ֱӣȻᳵ·ѲѲ˳§ס
ޱ߼ʵ룬ĵͬ˵ô࣬ʵôƶǸܶԺѲ촵߷Ĵڡ
ֻԼ֪ʵѲǰ㣬ʱƳѲֹڴˣ׹ûбϵĹϵȻƮ졣
ƳһҲϲƮĸо
ԼŬȡĶûץƮɢˡ
ʣΪʲôҪأ
ʵЩͻأѲҲû룬ʵֲʲôôĵط¾㡣
ʲôѲȻû˼
ƳƣںѲﻻһƣȻͷһºѲĴ̹̹ĵǰô׹𣿡
ʲô⣿
ѲüǷƽҪһƳǲеëǽ⣬Ҳƽϡ
ɾڿ֮ʣѲֲ
ûмǴ֮ͬຢӶ˵ˣûУҲսֻΪϲ⣬ʲô֣֮Ⱥ˾ȻʮûŮӶٶе⡣
Ƴ֮ǰûôͬŮӽӴһ̫æµʵûʲôȤһԵмࡣ
ϻƳǰûסЦ˺һʱ䡣
Ϊ˲ЦѲºܿ˾ϣ治ɫȻС

ƳԭƻѲضҪ˵ûеģͿ˳һ䣬Ϊʲôأ
ȻƫԤϡ
Ƴһ´ӺѲʵ׹
ѲƳ⾪ȵģŪĺܲ⣬ɲԸƳԼ࣬ҲƳʲô⣬Խ棺ĪҲ˴Щգ
ʮ𣬸ʾͱŷˡ
ƳֱƲסԼ㶼Ҫˣ
ǵûС
˵ĶƺҲãѲͼ⺬ȥ֮¶ôˣܲܲ¡
šüһôЩ⣿
Ƴﻹܵ˺ھԼֿʼˣһʼû˸˵Ѳδйˣʲô
ɵ϶ԼǺѲһˣٸ˵δҲ̫Խˡ
ƳһܣֿѲ˳ˣʣ˻ڶ𣿡
ôģ
ʵƳЩ飬ͻֺᷢѲһʼʵɬޱȣڵȫǸġ
ûУͲʲô
Ѳںôס
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ѲĪı£ֿʼ궯û뵽ڱջ
Ƴ֪Ѳ룬ھ᷽ŵ£С촽ȽҵıȽ
ѲɿԼĴƺŮµĿ֬
ʲôĶƳҲѾǼˡ
ġ
л˵
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41 
˵ԺƳȴûпĶ, Ծںڵ۽޵ʹ, СűȸղŻҪġ
Ѳ֪Լ˵ʲô, ϸһԾ޹Ƴڲڶûлش
˼ǲܡ
Ӧ, ĵƳȴˣ֪ľе㿪, ϻվһ, Ƴ޷Ӧ¿ǽ˺þá
ǿĹ鿪, ƳԴǣҲʲôΣУںǱһŮ, Ͳڶˡ
¶ǲˡ
ƳԾûʲôӦ
ǳ֪ԼԺѲûаŮ֮, ѲΪһ, ͵Խûʲô̫, ֻǸÿһЩ, ׽ʱ򲻻ִҲԼ˶ٿ
Ȼмֵĵطݵλ̫ӣƳŲ
ֻô˵ҲѺѲҪ߹ܳһ·ˣΪһŮˣȻ˽ƶʣһҲԸ˹
ޱŶһ, ʼﰲοԼһʼΪ, Ͼ̫, պʵ, ˵һŮˡ
һ˰ˣֲ̰ͼɫ壬̰ͼĵλȨˣҪôʲôƽ׸Լ¡
˵ˣѲǰֲʶֻҪԺѺѲסͺˡ
֪˶һȨһĸɾˣȥ
ѲԼƳס°ͽԼôˣ
֣
Ƴ̧žһ°ѺѲִ˹ȥһ׺ݵҰǰɣ
ܲȥźѲȥΪʲôҪñŮԵ£ֻСϸƢ
ºʱ˵
㲻˵˼
ƳԼһҰο˰죬ٿȻ̧ͷ䣬ɱ˰Ҳ֪ʲô
ƳӺѲ˳ȥֻԼʲô˳
ѲıƳģ˵˰췴ʵ䷴
ûа
Ƴ
ѲǿӲסƳļͷĿרעǿ߳ܺѹˣҲй¾۵ġ
˵꣬Ѳһ໰
裬ⱲӶû˵Ļ
Ƴһ㲻飺ҳ鲻Ӱ𣿡
Ѳôʲô˵͹ֵֹģ
Ƴø˵߿ҡ
Ѳɿ֣Ȼǻȥ
ȥ
°ץ
ƳЦһԼһûУ
¡
ˣ
Ƴ϶ͣƳ⸱ģҲٶ˵ʲôǳı졣
ȻԼԥ˰죬һԼ˵Ļ£ĬĬԭ򶼹ϡ
ˣصӰƳûиѲ˵ںѲҪһʱܲӵİ˳ȥȻһš
ڶ֮ڣѶ֮֮⡣
ⴺľսƳ棬ƹǲ̫ˣ
Ƴڵϣû¡
ⴺѲĿ֮»סƳģϲϲ̵ĵҲǣôϲġ
Ƴ˱裬ݵƳǰ
ʵƳ֮Ͳرˡ
û塣
ֻҪĿᶨͲһرᱻҵˣɱˮƢ
ƳҲƽЩƵչ͸ͨĴͶ棬Ծů
Ƴյ¡
ⴺȲƹ˷Լõ¶ģе³棬պֲǰҫˡ
ƳЦһǿδء
ⴺ˼˵ԻΪ𣿡
˼ңƳĽϸֱ۷棬Ȼһֳ°ͣ޴£¶Ц
ȷʵû뵽ǸΪ˵ȻǴдˡ
ʵδزһջ
һʼȷ̫ħãһʱʧأصӰȥʱһо
ȥ̫ʱȥ黳ԼʧȥʲôֻԸĿԺܹõʲô
ԣ¶ڵƳԿ˵һջ˵һ콵ơ
ֻһĸţСС̻Ůҡһ˾ȨѰҶŮ
ɲ콵
ԶһͿʹѵܰѼֵˡδֱӽ¶ԼݣΪʱǿӲ䣬ԶԶûԼֶҡ
Ҳɡ
ֻǽʱ飬Ǿհˡ
ⴺûϵĹյµ̻㣬ϢͨģվܵõϢʱԻº
ˣѲն˵Ŀҵ飬Ǵ˳ȥԺѲҲмӰ죬ԭ̫һͬҾͼһֱһ΢ƽ״̬ˣС˵Ů֣˵ǳ׽ӡ
ԽգⴺҲĥһƳںѲеĵλ
Ƴ֪ѲмʵУҲܳеİŪԼϵ˼ŸνǸɵԼָ䡣
ⴺȴԽԽ˷ܣһû뵽ƳʱȻôͷˡ
ⴺѹ˵»᲻Ȣ㵱
ƳǳΪȻ³ӣƳкѲĳ谮üӳ֣պΪָտɴ
ⷽ棬ƳʵҲѲôģֱֲʣƶǣѲһʱ᲻ʧȥȤ
ⴺһֻۣûһƲôԶء
ⴺڶƳǳΣЦŵūŹʲôʲôɹġ
ƳһⴺĹάÿɷûмףȦ̫խȥһ䣬ʱ򻹻нӶġ䡱
ÿһζѾ˼أǲ֪ĥ˻ĥԼ
ҪĴǶԸŮˣˡֻЩ̫ͻʵ۶Ƴŷ˵˼
˵ɡ
ⴺǧԷƱ
̶ƹū֪ǵ·еһŮˣ
ʵƳĿǰƲǺѲˣѲǸľͷԴƺûаϴ뷨
ƾôʾѲ֪ûôǲΪ
Ƴŭա
ҿǵ¶е⡣
Ҫôܲɣ
ΪÿκѲʱ򣬻Ⱳû׹Ůˣ˵Ƿ·Ҫһǵð뿪
Ƴʱǲֻˣɱġ
׵һأһһʱ·һˣվҴ뿪˷䡣ֱв
˵ᣬ˵棬ʲôʮ˸ˡ
˰죬Ҳⴺش
ƳֻǶôһ˵ⴺȴĬˡ
žмһĪա
Ƴô
ⴺšüϸ˼ɫأΪ˺½ǰȥѴˣڰ˲١
߻Ƴߣɷµԣȷʵмֵ
۴˴治ⴺм飬ǰ²⡣
Ƴ˻ν⣿
ⴺūǰͬ˵ŮɫǽԺûΣɾͲö֪ˡ
ū澼ǵã͵·﹩µ˿˾һǱ̫ѡףݹޣӰ׵ķ⣬־רˡյûأ
߹üأ¾һֱ鷿æֱڶգԭⲻͻ˼Ȼ˷ڴߡ
ǻ²ʮ꣬ƤҲ¶ʮˣЩ󳼣̫ʥ϶͹ˣ¶ġ
Ҳ˵ǿľͷòǵ͡
ƳѸ̧֣ǡ
ҥɲ졣
˵ûԹǸ·͵͵Ƴû˵ģķھǸ˱ҲǷǳɹ۵ġ
ôô϶֮ǰûˣһе㲻֪أ
ⴺҡҡͷʵū֮ǰڵ޹źģͬⶫڵĹŮ󲿷ֶȽ졣ū澿ԸƱ͵ڣͻȥһ֮
ڹ⣬Ǿ͸ˡ
ڵŮָɾ¶·ۣλ⹬Щ
˵ˣū澾µӣǿ˭ضҪعĵġ
Ƴþδ
źѲǸŮҲǱˣǾⴺϢ֮ڡ
ζţⴺͺѲ֮ضһѡ
ⴺƭ
Ƿʲô
Ƴ˵ͷȷʵһɹ
*
ڶ磬ƳŸⴺȲĽ£Ȼ˷ܵĸԼŲŵ֪Ϣ
ҶһڴˮȾ˷纮ػȥ˺ü̫ҽأ
ٶҲ̫Щֻǲ֪ʲôֶβŽ˵ġ
Ƴױ̨ǰĵʲôֶΣ龭һ¿º͸
ҲΣȴԶ֣شҲ֮ϲ
֮ܶѶϵŮˣǽ̫֮λҲȨƷˡ
ƳǽЩԤϵԼĽְˡ
⼸жƳҲȥͷ¶棬ַڶڴš
Ѳվûҹ
ƳҲżѾϰºѲȸǸӡ
ѲȷʵΪĲһ졣
ŮǺ룬Ѳȫ֪Լ˵ˣһֱΪƳ˲Ǩŭ
ڽڸʱüء
ȵòÿջصѲδ죬Ƕڹϡ
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Ѳɫݣ֪ԼôԵһŮϣԽԽÿЦ˰·ɤӣڵ
񣬵ڡ
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ʵǲʺϴӺѲʳĬƬ̣˵ƹ
⻰ֲ֪˺ѲǸңֻ˭˵˵ǹµĺѡ
ѲĺѸûмֻʱͷˣҲѲλ˻ͱӵҪȥ˵ģԼû˵ǡ
ѩĻ
Ӧ̫ڵ򴽣Ȼʼ˼Ѳ⡣
Ů˵֪Ҳǳƶ񤣬šü˰죬Щյʥʹ͵ģڣռЩ챦͵ǰƺЩŮӶϲᷢıʯȣ²ԡ
Ѳ˼һĽ飬мֵǣѾ鱦أ
ЩϺõ֬ˮۣŮӦǰġ
ѲƽղôƳͿЩƽջͿһǾޱĿ֬ػǵʱ򶼻մϡ
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飬һٶáѩĬĬѻ˵ꡣ
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ѲмֵӿЩŲ
ȥתʱ档
л˵


42 
, һ˰, ջǶ
ѩںѲ, ֻʲôҲ֪Ѳվڶſڣ̧Ҫȥʱ, °ͣͻأĽһ, ɫ, ôȥ߶ʱǲá
ѩæǵ¿ǵܵ, ʱӿѾЪˣū澿²ȥ
ѲͷǱ֮
һ˽붫, Ѳδ, ֻص޹, վ໻
˼ϸ, ľ͸Źǳ, ˲еУֶ̧ʱɼ֮³ļ
ڹ˹ΪѲʱѲ״һ䣺ƳնЩʲô
ѩ£ƹջʹڻӰδȥ
Ҳûгȥ𣿡
ѩƹء
Ѳüͷһ壬ȻѾĵ㹷𣿡
ã˫۵, ¾ȥɡ
ʱƳȷʵԺ, ڶ˵ľ֮, 򳤵ѾԽԲ, ÿԷʱ򶼻ŷƨɣ̶̵βͿֵҡԶԶĿȥһ
ѲȥʱƳʯһָԼűҡβ͵С̹ҪѧͱԷˣ
۾ɵţȻ֪ƳѾš
Ľлһ
Ƴǳ⣬οԹԣһҪ׵ĻŶ
ǧҪѧ˶֪ҡ
սžϲĺѲɺ˺˵ģֲñԼĲ
ⴺѲæѲ˸Ƴ֪Ѳ
Ѳȥɡ
ⴺʶȤ뿪ٴźѲƳ
ԺֻʣһѲ̫Ϥ죬˷ܵΧźѲתȦ°ڣһСúһȥ
ѲԼԲĹͷѲЬģѲ˼ƳϣĿɰû˿Ӧ̧Ű˹ȥ
ȶ̣һ߾ˤ˸ͷ
ءֽлһȻɨ˵ܵƳĽűߣĸ״
ƳȻʯϣԴӺѲûʲôӦʵһֱŶѲĶȻںѲƭǳ¶ĵøѲɫһʱ᲻
ȻҶ֣
ҲͶҲ⣬Ҫһֻ
Ѳ˭ˣ
Ҹ״ˣ˵ʹ
Ѳ
ˣϰˡ
ǰȥվƳߣأ
ôܣֲôСˡ
ѲѾǰĺѲ̾˿ȻסƳ֣Ĵˡ
Ѳֻ˵ʱܰɤżϣƽʱҲĵУ¿ͻƳĿ˰ġ
ɶоûôˡ
Ƴԭˣһ˿Ĳ֪ˡ
ȻСѲǰ֮ǰûкˣûʲô顣
ѹЩܵģ¡
Ѳ˳ȻͽгĳƺƳĶһҲ˳Ȼ
ʲô
ܿƵһ¾ͺˣ͸ŷۣԡ
ƳգܸоԼˡ
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ѲȻҲע⵽ˡ
ֽ̧Ƴɢյķ˿𵽶д˼Ц⡣
Ƴǲĺһͼӱܡ
Ѳֲδ뿪żӵָĦŮ糺Ȼӵ֮֮ô˰
ǿˣȷʵЩȡ
Ƴ
߳ŭĿźѲѽ
Ѳⲻں𡣡
˵𣿡
Ѳ£շԺȥѧһ¡
ˣų̂ˣƳͻɫΪԭ˺Ѳ´οɲŶ
ѲȻ֪ԼʲôȻ˵ֻͷȻ
Ƴѹ׺ѲĶͷǾԭ
ŮĴǰѲû׷Ź׾סƳ°ͣҲ֮㸲ϡ
ƳúѲǱˡ
һʼѲ׵ʱ˻ֻ֪촽һ𣬾Ѿǳ̼ˡ
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ԽԽҲԽԽ࣬ˡ
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һºѲļͷССȭͷûһܲܲҪÿζôã
Ѳȴü͸ôõģ㲻
ƳȷʵŰɵıѲסȻ̫ģһ
ѲĽƳڻ벻ȥߡ
Ƴʽ貵Ϧû˼Լʲôߵģ
Ѳ㡣
Ƴգգ۾ȤѲÿæĸʲôһ֮ǰûгܵʱƳҪҲֻܵȵϡ
Žɵ۾ѽ
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Ƴ˲俪һºѲĴǣã
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㲻̫ôȥѽ
ƳԴǴδúȥطɽʱͶԴ˳޵㽣֮ȴǱסšǵ˿գҲԼһ˳
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ƳһֱʵʵĸԱߣȾ˵ҹзǳ֣ͬɽȫͬ
Ѳ˴δǣһƥɫ
ûдһȻ֮ϣƳ֡
ƳŸס֣;Լһ˺Ѳǰ棬ȵ°ⲻһκͺѲһÿһʱ򶼻
֮˲࣬Ѳ߶ƳӲܿƵһ㣬˺Ѳķ˿ҷ
ȵ˳׳˹ܱ߲
ǵҹпıɽҲĶ̷ֵ࣬ͷܶƻ磬̣Ʒ鱦Ⱥؽֽ˼ŸǣС˶޲鲼
ƳĴźѲ֣˷ܵ磬ȥߺòá
ǰɽҹжƳ˵Ҳһݳޣʱ˼Ѱǲ
ֵҲһŮƳʮǵĹںѲ첲ϵȻټֻǣžѾ˲˼Ƴ㡣
޲ںѲϣһʲôþģ˷ָܵѲ
ѲѼֲ֣ǻʮָ䡣
ƳûС࣬ȴռѼ۸࣬дǰƳ˵̼ӹͷǩᣬǺ棬۵ȣζһһƳꡣ
źѲȥһݹƤȴֽʶͣ壬ҧǳŵ㻨ζ
Ƴòڣ̯һ
ûһ룬ƳͱԶע⣬Ȼ󷽷İʣµĹ˺ѲʣµĶŶ
Ҳ˵ʣѲûڽеڶʳϰߣ㽫ʣµֽպãͼȥ
ıһֻûмСӣڸǰ
ǰڶʵ˲ٺöѲӲҲܸоѲõĶĶ¹龫£ȴ̻
ʵƳϲĲ׹볾ƽ֮УǾǵ̻һֹ
ͣþڴ˵һ㡣
ͣһ֬ǰӵǸԼĪʮĸˣױݾ·̴棬ƳźѲ߹ֱָһн֧磬쿴ÿÿ
ǳ󻬵ĺɫ֬࣬ѲʵϲƳԭĴɫǾޱۣƳͿ֬ģʵ˳ԣͷǳĵÿ
ĿӺѲƳɨЦûʲôã
ղŵģҼſأ
Ƴ㶣ĵѲҪҲô˼ˣŤĽ͵ҡ
δ˵꣬Ѳָŷе֬ɡ
ƳĴҲϲ򡣡
˵ʲô˼
Ƴϲűȴϲ˵ţѲ˴ûи˵ԺΣƭƭҲãܹҲ֪ǹ⡣
źѲĸ첲Ѳһ߰Ķ˿Ӧðɡ
Ѳɫģϳ¡
ƳĵϳҲøᶫ
ȻͷƢ
Ƴ§źѲĸ첲˿ȻѹѲ磬ûз֣ߵôǿǡ
ƳԼ϶һҳ̫ÿˡ
ѲЦ⣬Ϊ§§̫ˡ
Ƴһ죬ƺˣϿû§˵ġ
ѲЦƳ𴽽ǣսʵһ취дҶǡ
Ѳֱʲôð취ĿΣգòҪ
δ䣬ƳżĦĽֵ
Ϣ࣬ʪĴǶϣ۾Ƴ˫̵ĳޱһգڰͶӰ
Ƭ̣Ů뿪ĴһǾʹ˽
ԣ󵨶ڵΪȺעӡǧƻ֮£ƳȺӵУóѰЦ˳
ҹ¶ҹĻ֮£ɽӺֺ꾫Ķǽǧͨͨµ֮¡
ɫʵ̫Ķ
ɫ֮£Ůɫ
ǰѩ֮ʱһƬۣѩ䣬Ůǲãؼ䣬Ψһһɫ
ʱþãԸϡ
ʱһɲǺԵɵĶ֮ʼ
ڴ֮ݣǷԼݵĽڡ
ѲƿĿ⣬Ƴ֣͵˵һ䣺û취
Ƴ֪Ѳ룬ڵԼŽкѲȵ¼磬ǲǱȽϴ̼ѽ
ѲɨƳһۣ֪⿴޺СΪλţأ
ƳһЦ֪ܵϲŶ
Ѳٻػ
Ƴ֪ѲȨױǽ˵һ򻨴йĿʵʲôûȵҪ
˵ҲûǺ˵˵Ҳǿۻ໰ӵģѲװקֿʵǸСŰүȣ˼ɷ.ˡ
ûٶ˵£磬˵㲡ˣ˵׺Щû
Ѳü֪Ӧòȥ
Ѳϴ˵δʼƳ׷ʲôԼȥ飬ʱµȥѾȫ֪
ƳаʲôĽɫҲѰζ
ƳҲ뵽㾹ȻעϣҲûʲôѽ
Ѳ֪ԵɣͬƳЩڵĿˣԹ˰ɡ
Ƴ˵ͷҲǣҲϲ顣
ԭô˻Ѳ磬Ҳ飬ߣҴȥ飬˵ѾˣȻǰң
˭֪ѲЦЦζĿһۣ𣿡
ѲĿʵ޶⣬˼ֵЦ
ɾһ仰ȴȻƳϵЦ⽩Ƭ̡
糣ʲô˼硣
Ѳҡҡͷûʲôȷʵʲôˡ
ضʲô
Ѳ˵⻰֤϶֪˻˵ǲ³ʲôﲻһ޹֪ˡ
ƳûгĬĬԼȻѲûᣬ֤Ȼˣ޹ʹ
ںѲǰĽɫһֱǸŮˣһ̶ϣһЩ覴ãҲἵʣЩѿء
֪ѲʲôزҲһء
ѲǸм˼ˣ˳ᢵ̫ӡ
ˣ۵ʱɲһ
ƳǵȷǶԵģѲһֱ֪ƳǸ֮ˣʱԼСһĶ⣬Ѳʱˣ˵
ֻȷ޹ʹ
ϣʲôǺڼ׵ˡ
Ѳûж˵ƳҲԼٱ¶ʲôûоʹ˶ʡ
תۣһѾߵ˾ͷҹбƳҪĶֻһ־;˫ȷ˿ںѲϣ˸硣
ѲƳվãûعء
ƳƤҲ˵۹⣬ƫקźѲ죬Һòá
ָŲԶһ¥ǶǾߵ¥𣿡
ȸ¥ȷǾߵ¥ܹŲ㡣
Ƕһ¥Ȼھ֮꣬ǰһ¥֮طƽ˰꣬ȸ¥һֱķϣֱ⼸ű£˾¥
ȥǶ
ȥߵĵط
ѲȻܾȸ¥ڶԹ󣬺ѲƳͷ¶棬ʾר·
һ·࣬ǰͷС˹һ·ż̸̵ˣǴ඼ûעߡ
ƳϰԵĹ۲¥ڲ֣ȴߵ¥ʱȻƳһĨϤӰ
ǵӰʵ̫ģƳ֮ڼһƺһůڣûأŶ
¡
ƳסŲ֪ԼǲǿˣºϤҲһ¾Ͳ
ɲ£ûгˡ
³ǴůȥǵɫɴӰȫȻûǷϤС
ⲢδƳɽ衣


43 
ԶЦԼԼĴ, ˿öҷ, һϤѾʧ
һ, Ƴܾ֣ü̽ͷֳ濴˿
ɫӰ¶εӣȷ¡
ʱæ, ûм£Ҳ֪¾ʲô
Ƴ˵ռѾΪӻѱ۴, Ƶĸ, ֪ϷԺ, ´Ӵ˶Ůˣ¹һҲܺõȥˡ
ƳȻвȡ
´նݳ, ºƵ©֮, ȫΪһڵʱ֪֮Ҫ, ΪþͻѲֵء
Ҳʵڲ, ֪Ѳ, ôҲ¼ȥġ
ֻǣںѲ֮£ûȥֳ˼ȥǧ֮ƼˡⲢͻŹˣƵҲ˵Ψһһ֪Ѳ˭ˡ
ֻҪţԶһ
Ƴ˭ѲĿǰӡ, ȫǽھ֮֮ϵġ
覴, ǲһдͷβǻ֮µĲ
ľ˺ǰز, ȻԼռȵ, ڻôҲк³ġ
ִС֮ˣϿĺֱ޳ܵŮӡ
Ѳƾ˴˳ƳĿҲǼ䷿һۣȻ󵭵ôˣ
ƳջĿ⣬δȥúѲɣҡҡͷſǸһŮӣҽ㣬һתͷַҿˡ
ǣźѲ֣߰ɡ
Խ˾Խ٣ֱȸ¥Ķ㣬ֻʣƳͺѲˡ
ʵϼȥһ˿ɥڰ鳲Ӱ߻ɽںҹԳҵƻ˷۵ס
ҹƳĶ࣬ޱߵķվ˴ߴʤ
¿ȥֵϴӵȺԵС٣۵ĵƻҲһֻө棬ԶֺܿҵĻʹߴĹǽ·ĲַѰŬһҲԿԽĽ׼
Ѳ˫ֱųɴ䣬һ򵥵ĳͦӰҹɫ֮ԵмĮ롣
ڲ֮Ϊµľ
ΪϵȨɱ˵һɬ᲻ϳɳĹΪлΪƣʱĺѲǾƳҲĴڡ
ƳĻʵмֵġֵ֮ǮҪúѲδٻλ֮ĵʱ
ѲȻƳ͵ͱץ˸ţ¾ô𣿡
ƳƿĿ⣬һʲô㣿
ѲĻشֳַ̧Ը
ƳԹ߹ȥȻ˵˺ѲĻϸֱۻסôһҲҷֿѽ
һ۵ָ˴Ѳţֹճ˾
Ѳ˵ʲô
Ƴߺˣճ˾ճ˾
Ѳøôĵ⣬¥ķ粻СŮ۵ñѲôҪҪ
ƳĬ˰죬ŵǸ˵Ҫȥߵĵط
Ѳ
ƳҲ⣬ǽķ⣬־úѲĻůֿͣʼˡ
󷢴ȱӦһֿĸ飬ټĸѲ̻¶ԼһСֵ
֪ģ֮ǰɽòáҵʧԺ˶۸ҡ
ӱûдİɣֻǲ뱻ѣߵһĵطңȻԼΪ
Ҫҵһȫĵط
֮顣
ʵƳ㲻˵ǰѲҲܸ֪һ
ǸСûκˣδƳ˭˭۸ңҪҳֻһֲΣҲδ˭ᶨվƽһС
ͷʣﰲȫ𣿡
ƳҲ㻳ܰȫŶ
ѲЦЦǾͲҪˡ
ƳĵȻɵ˵ЩֱΪֹ̫ѲﵽôģҲ֪Ѳһλá
꣬ǰ˾֪Ƴ˼һƳ
ƳƵģﰡ
Եһȹ𣿡
Ƴ⣬ʲô
Ѳȹ㰲ȫվڹµߡ
ƳѲǸ˵黰ˣƽЩݵĶƳ˵ʱ򶼹ưƳĿҲ̸ֻ࣬Ƕݰˡ
򴽣úѲѻ˵Ҳٹ˱ϢˣʱȢ̫϶ϲҡҵʱǻҪֺ̫
Ѳɫ˺ڣ·Ÿ˵һ仰Ҳûȥ𣿡
ȢȢˣαصȵڡ
ƳģǰǰڴҲˣ˭֪᲻ıⰡ
Ѳɴᡣ
Ҳֱ˿̣ѲźȻʶͷβûиƳһŵ
Ѳһֻ˵˵ˣ»ѡ˿˵컨׹ԴƳ
Ƴ֪ӺѲɽǵһѾĬĬе˶Ρ
ʱ֪Ƴϲ볹׶žƳ뷨ǲ˴ġ
ֽǸҹǻֻԲ˳ϵںѲѾӲѡ
ЩƳ֪һǣ̵Ҳѣ˵ĴǳŵǸİȫС
˼ˣѲŵȢ㣬ҲȢˡ
ĿǰܸƳģضĳŵ
ȢΪޣΪ檡
ƳԼĪⴺһûѲһʼʱͼȢΪޣʵ̫ңɼ־úѲֻˡ
ѹе˷ܣԼôôһЩѲ˼
ԺˣһƯᣬҸ㻶ġǸʱ㻹˵𣿡
ѲЦ˳ôôţһһˣ
Ƴ⻰ǿٳһõϢٿȻ̧ͷһһ㰮Ұ
Ѳ
ѲƳе㲡Ƴεվⲻ𣿡
ƳúѲǺˣ󷢴ȱĲҴϸ˵˵ķϣҲƽϡ
ԥŵȥɣѵæ˽п棬¥ô棿
س֮·ȿʼҪĶ࣬ƳȷЩˣһ·ںѲ
ȵ˻ȥʱȻ˺ʱ̣Ȼ³ף˺ѲŸִ򿪣⣬źѲѲƳְݸ¾°ɡ
ʵе£ںѲ߽źѲ½ǵƳ־Լ˵ҲУǣ¸ˡ
ѲƳ͵Ӱ⣬ЩЪϢ±Ȼȥˡ
ƳźѲ½ȻûɣԼƽռѲʱ̫ˣЩ⣺ƽʱ˯ô𣿡
Ȼǡ
㡭к£
ƳָָԼסȥһֺԺȱȲѽ
Ѳ̫ȥɫôȥ̫ʣ磬һ
ǡ
Ƴż⣬ǺþûϷˣ㲻𣿡

һⴺΪ˶Ȳ軹еģ̵ĲˮڴյᲨⴺһƬĬʶȤ˳ȥ
Ѳ½յ棬ԼеǱʡ
Ƴ˹֣
ƳŸϴ֣ʮָϸа׵ָϻմˮ
̧ʱӨˮ˳󻬽䣬˳׵һֱ£Կĵط
ǰȳ޳ָѲһڵĲˮȻú촽סĵطˮ봽
ѲҲ̧֣Ƴֱۣ˿Լ
ˮһ
ƳüˮΣյ·Ż棬ﰡ
ѲϷ
԰գͷɿľƳϵˮΡ
ַ̼룬Ƴڵ򴽣һʱ侹ȻмȻϺѲްĿ⡣
Ƭ̣ѲٴεͷסĴ
һʼһᣬֱӽƳѹסϰԵץźѲ죬κѲȴס֣һʮָۣһĦ棬⶯ֳɫְˣƳԾˡ
Žգڶϡ⣬ҹĺѹסڵķ궯ĹҹĻϣصĺѹ˰ӡ
ãƳٴϤĸоѾһ·˸棬ʶѲԴ˷龰мϤ
ѲһȻѹ
һҲˣƳ֧ӣ¶ļ˪ѩӯڽޣס½ǣָϸۡ
Ҫ
ѲҲ͵ɡ
Ƴʸϣߵ˵
䣬˻εӡɬŮ̽Ѱµķʽʱչ¶糺졣
*
ڵƻȻϨ˴룬ܽԼžޱȣӵŻӰĸ໨ҹϢͷŷҷȻɢҹС
һʱԭյľ汻򿪣ŷɫʽڡ
ƳϣĴ£ͨ죬ɢңˮԵ˫дˮµӿԹ
ѲԶľ裬Ƴϸ֣ˮУϸϴ
Ƴʵʹ˿ԽԽίʵĿߣҲҲˣ
ѲĵļƳϴ֣Щ飬Ƴָ⣬˳
Ƴ˵ĪֻԼõĻ䡣
ʵֻǿˣ֮ͨŮӻҪһЩ
ǶǵһγԣѲҪ˷ܵĶ࣬˷ܲûϣһ ʱƳпɡ
ڵѲպ壺һءʱô׵ĴӦ
Ѳȴʵûʲôֻƭӣ
Ѳǳãƭʲôˣ
ƳҲû˵ȻԺһ˵
ѲѰΪɾָȻ˱ڻǳĵĵ´ˣ»ˡ
Ƴʣ𣿡
ѲͷŮĲƭġ
Ƴĵ⻹࣬ҲҪˡ
Ѳ˲䣬˵Ŷ
*
峿԰¼۵Ļϵ»һҹ¶ˮϡ
Ŵ󳨣һɫصڣ壬˳ֱӻ˸
ͦü֮£һ˫Įۣų߹͡ȣص鷿֮ڡ
ֱͣһᡣ
ǰһֱڲҪôǳ䣬ҪôǳƳܹǵĶҪۡ
ƳǺѲߵˣʵʵ֣Ϊ֦Ƴֵ̬ȣҲʹδ֮ǰһƳΪĿꡣ
⼸һֱ֦ߣһ̲ͣĸ֦ƳǸôִֻˣв֦䣬ǡʲôǰƳ;ʳȡ
֦ݣܲסը
ÿÿз꣬ȴֲܲܣƽͷߣոӡ
⼸ʥǷѣ̫ӴЩҲǺѲעȻڸٷġ
ǼǰģԻˮһ¡
һעӳ
ɨйؼȴڿʱһ۵λÿЩͻأĺɫС֡
ͷ档
ģд֡

ĳǷĳдġ
̯ƽĿ⾲Сϡ
ǺѲ֣ź졣
ĸ׵֡
һ֣Զˣͬдǲͬķÿ˼죬̧ʽԼϰߣγɵģԸıĶ
ĸ׵ֺԼص㣬幤㣬ʷȴޱȣתʱϰԵĵβһͬ˵дַ̫һ
ͬСַһޣϸϸȥҲֻмֲԵĲ졣
ɫԽѿ
ûмǴѲʱǡ붫һ졣
īڣѲеˣǸŮӣںѲǰİ¡
ˣڳϺͿҲֻһܹ
Ƴ
Ƴ֣Ϊʲôĸ׵񣬾дϰ߶һޣ
ǡ˿̣С˽ӣСȥ
δӦĿԾɽĶ۵С֡
Ϊʲô
ɺ
С˱ּߴ٣ӣС˵
ȻϵһƬƷֱ֦ס
һ·ˮ
滹֦
֦ϣ΢˫ƺ
ȷ˵⼸նˣһܴ̼ͻͷۣǰѾȥôãȴƺԾɽ¡
ûҵѾǵˣƳǾ䡰ƺʡ
ƺȴ벻κζÿÿһۣƺƺظ
黹󣺡ףò
֦޿κεΪƳ
Ϊڵǰ˵ҲãŽеʹ͵ǰҡ
ͬ˵ʲô취
ף㡭˵˵
ʵһҲ̲ˣֻǾ÷ŭˣƳȴмΣС
֪Ƴֻһ֦мƵˣвĵλȻ˴ھǣϴκѲڲӣ澡ʧﻹݵƳ
ֻûƳ
˻֦ĸ첲ֻҪ֣Ƴ϶ھǴȥġ
Ǵ˿̣ȻԺҴ߽ûأſ˸˽
֦۾ôˣ
ﻹۣҲڴ˿̿
ĿɨȻ֦ϡ
ֻһ˲ͽƳ
ĸףӹֻ롭
֧ժ⣬紵ƽͷϵֽʴɳɳ졣
׵İ¹ֽһǣ֦¼ġŸ
ۣѲʡ
ڵ˿̣ſʼƳˡ
Ƴڼǰи
Ϊ֦һ޸ݵŮ⼸˽İٸŮӡ
˵ɣȫŮѶȿ֪ƵòǱ֦һʼѰֻڷ֦񴴨֮أ඼ʧ飬Ҳƭȡٻˡ
һ֦òƵˣǴظ֦ԼദϵĶнٸ
ȥһһεĽ鲻һһεʧˡ
õĿҲһʼϲϣ֮ķڡ
żа鴦һЩ֦òƵˣδ鶼Ϊնݳ
ʵԻڼ򵥵䱳󣬽˰ߡ
֪ԼΪûԸΪʧٷϣܻһϣˡ
һûк˵أ
һʱ׳ʱĻˣȻٲΪ֪ĵطһѪء
һ׽֮٣Ҳޱڴ֦Բ


44 
ڴ֮ǰ, ɻ
ĻΪ޸ݵĻȥĿĵѰ
굫һʵȥ֤õĴڣͣȥѰ, ûСô, ûҵܹ֤ôڵ֤ݡ
ķ֪ûлرԴһյͶЩʲô, һһεʧĥǵϣĸԭ
ŶȻһ
һеȷֻɺϡ
ƳĳҲھ, һĳʱ, ָԴ
ΪʲôҪΪʱûҵͷĴڡ
ѵΪҵĽ, ΪʧʧԾѡӱܣȻİøԼ, Ȼ̫ҽô˵, ԾûбҪעѪˡ
׵ȷ, ˵ĻһǺ
ʳ֮, Ǹһڵ, أ֪ŬʱļڽķĴ
۵ԽĽȴصİƴһ޵ݡ
þδֱ֦ôˣ
ҡҡͷ, δ֦͸¶١
֦Ů˵ʵ̫, ЩҲͷӬһҡƳܶϵϢ̫, δ֪١
, ֻǽϾĸס
֦һҲδ̫̫࣬ѨæЩʲô
ʵͬһ㣬ˮ֣ŶЩ
֦ʣأҲһ𣿡
򴽣ĸףˣǰ˵ģ⼸ȥ񴴨鴦̰ùղܻ
֦ȷˣôһ˵
񴴨ӣֵڰ𣿡
֦䣬æվӣͼ֧磬͹ΪλҪӣ
ڣʱ˳ִŵġ
ֿ֦Ƭ̺ĸ㡭ڵ𣿡
šü֦ƴʹɫȴһ㡣
֦΢΢˫ǲ⣺Ϊʲôأ
ʧҲˣӦĺܺðɡ
֦ʮּ򵥣ûм䣬ÿճԴöȶǼãϵۻ࣬ȻȻΪŮӦùŸһ
磬𣿡
δԷ֦ġ
ֻһ䣺ĸףʲôӡ𣿡
Ͽʲôʲô֣ˣ
ɫԽԽ첽ߵߣЩסҧгݰ磬ڸʲô
бһۣʵĸףٶ롣
һЩͬױһЩ
Ȼץסֱۣ硭
ͫ׷ɫˮ뵣ѣôôҡ
ŶĿ⡣
µĿԾͬĮշƮƮȴüǧ
ֻñ
úܲƽ˶ƽ
ΪʲôѾߵŮ֦ŮΪʲôôˣȻ
Ϊʲô֦ŮãȻͼҵǸڵ˺
ʮһˣôи˰ɣ
εıҪټˣǾǲ
Ща
Ὺڣð
òԣֻĿȻһ䣺𣿡
ٿȻ˫
֦û˵ЩʲôԴͼһЩ޹Լ̫ѨŬûõġ
ԽŬͷԽۣ벻κζ
ϲӡ
ЩЩ˵˵ȥЩ
ȥɫǲ֦̿ʹɫҪڵˣּ֦
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ܹǵʱһӰ涵ǵӴɫĶ̧̽ʱֵСֱͬһź
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ͷֿʼʹˣ
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ʵ֪˵ʲô
Ŀ⣬ûټȥԸȥ˰̫
ǡ
֦ϣڵΪ֦ˮ֦ûнӣԼͷĿϢ԰׵Ͼʹࡣ
޵Ӳ֪ʲôʱѾʧȥеĹʣ˳ӣÿշӣһȥѵζ
ļͥ
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ȴһš
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ʱͥΨһһЩĵطÿ˼룬ιĳ谮ĵλĸ
ļͥѸ
˥ò˶ãֱ
߳䣬һԵ̴ӿɫĬĬ档
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45 ͵.
ùź, ƳĿѾﵽδ
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˼ǰΣǵ, պ£ȫȻūġ
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˭, ȻǶ֮
Ƴʷ˭ϣֻùϵ㡣
ⴺ֮ϵ, δ
αƤľ, ʱκǰ¡
ֻԼֵεġ
, ľͺˡ
߳, ûݴ, һԴڼžĳΪԡ
ңң
ֻ
Ƴʶ˹ȥ䷿ûйš
žֵĳľҲ˾۵ס
ȿģǸ.ˡ
ϰǱ޺, ͷɢ, ѪҺҲͷ, һ, ʱڵϣŴͬһڵС
Ƴû뵽Լ۾ʱüҪƿĿ⣬㴫һϤ㰡
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ƳסŲٴοȥԵеˣ澹ĸˣ¹ڳͬµγԱȡ
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޳ָӣģͬһ
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Ŀ˳Ź֮˲ƵУȻӵĿ⡣
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Ƴ
֪ô׵Ĺȥ
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ˣ跨ɱˣƫǸӣΨһܶԺѲв֮ӣǰβ͡
Ƴ棬ȳȥ
绰һԱ˿ƳĿ΢
һ֣ʶȤϣͲߵµĺˡ
վ߳˷䡣
ŵһƳƺǸ˵ϻģһȥץסƳĽţȾң
󷢴ȱȾң
ƳĿк
ץĽţϵѪ䵽Ľű
ӻںУֵ̫ѨƺǰһĻ˼

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δ䣬ƳٿȻ̧ţСɵĽŴšЬ˲ѿ˵֣ȻһŲ˵ͷ­֮ϡ
ƯӾϸĽƣ˵ĲĦͬһ㡣
ˡ
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Ŀⶼ΢
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ƳźۼĺһԼĿǰƺûж⣬ͬίһʲô˼Ȼ֢ҩ
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Ŵգ߻谵ѲĿ¶Ц⿴Ƴ˫ȳƳ˹֣
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Ŀ·ĳԣӽԼ·û·㡣
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žԼȣ
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üţΣ
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ҵĻ㵽ʱòʧġ
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¶Ƴô
δƳʣͶһԸͶɣ
Ƴ޳ܵĽԼΪ仰ƵЦĻζ
ԳоƲ˽⣬ûеҲûȫ
˽ĻҪѲλԭ֪ѲмģֻŻ
֪ôģа˿ɲǰ򵥡
Ŷ
ȹά䣺ߵ½ʱɾʹҵɲҪҡ
˵ʱΪߣʶ̧ͷ۵ĺ촽źϣѩ׵Ĳ羡۵ס
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ССһ㣬ȴɢ޾⴦ֻԽ˷ܡ
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ֱ.ʵ֮٣Ȼһʼֻ붺ŪһıСȴܹѲŮ˳Ȥ
⴦Ǻۣ̾Ư
ƳһٲŷӦ˹Ľ䵲ס˿߳ܣЦˣȷʵûʲôء
ϴ˻һ˷ˣ¹ٴαƽҰɱ
Ҽһһֺá
ƳĿǰѲͣڷǳԭʼĽ׶Σͬۻ˸ͬն
򴽣Լǻӡ
һάЦ⣬˵ǵµŶ
ҲĽӲķӦ棬ûϵҲ⡣һһַǳĴ̼淨ҪҪԣ
Ƴ
ƻ󣬷˼ǿ͵.顣
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Ѳ̯֣ôˣ
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Ѳ˼ⲻҪĵͽӱȵ˵ģ͵.飿ҲԼ䲻䡣
ѭѭյҪ㿴ѲֻƤңȴЫĳ
պѲʧƻǻ㣬㲻ǻѡµ˵ίϲ֣û˼ͬһһʲôԵġ
˵Ĳ޵֪Լֻѡʱǵƣһ¾Ǹͷֲ֪档
ʱ˵ɡ
˵䣬ߵǰ´һۣתͷˣֺܰûȵġ
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Ƴ뿪Ժ󣬷ڱֻʣһˡ
ԲߣɫްδŵЦ⡣
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ȥͣʲôǰЩ³嶯صԼ֦Դϴһͺϲ߶˴ǰӡ
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ɻΪȥ
Ȩ죬˭ҪͽᣬǶ֦׽׾͸һ׸Ƶĸо
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ûǸأ뿴һˣʲôУԲİػģȷŵܹó顣
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Ҳûлֻʣ֦ˡ
֦ŮΪɾ˼⣬Ըûƭ
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ڴͬ档
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ƳȻ⣬ѽ㣬һͦصģû°ɣ
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Ƴڳʳûʲôʲôȸû˵
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˴ҩòǰ֦˾Ͳһˣκһ˶ưոݡ
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л˵
д˲ǿԼˡ
Ȿ鲻ⲻʮ
ڶʮˣҲˡ
д׷ɡ


46 
ݷͳ, ϾһƬⰻȻ
ƺΪ˶˿ּˡ
СסƳ, ƹ, һȰɣūڲ˵Ĳ򡣡
ƳǷ˵ĲʲôϵأΪʲôҵȣ
Ƴվ, ƫҪȥǵĴ֮
ʹҲΪ, ǲƳӺ, ǴСǰƳס, ҲΥ
ɷƽڸڴδֹ˷״һ
鷽˵ġ
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һ˾ˣҸɵģ
СɫЩ, ūŲ˼, ǴСԸ˵, ƹﻹҪΪЩūŵġ
ϻ̫ӵ¹Ƴǽ˶, Ȼ, ȴҲʵĶƳô
Ͼзڣĵܹ鲻ôΪǣǵƳʱƹڵ¶ߴ߷磬ǲǸˣһ仰¡
ƳЦƿС, ҽվҪȥ, Ҫҹ𣿡
Ķܴ, ֲЮ, 㻹Ƴ˳ȥ
᷿ڻѾͣ˲١
Ƴ첽߽ͼ֦ڴϣ̫룬֦ǰǵǡ
ݵĲġ
ƳһѾ߱㵲סƳ·ƹͣ
鿴Ƴ˲伤һվƳ㵽жң
㺦ұˣΪʲôҪĸ֣ԱߣҰѲݸףֹң
ߵһ͸ոսƳָƳɫί·Ƴ˶Բ¡
֦ű¶ͷϵɴϸļͷ͸ֹǸУⴺ֦ϸ
ɫֽϸδɣ촽ԭǲ԰׵ģΪ˷ŵʹӲıҧ˼ѪɫʱȻһɫֳŶͷ·ٶ˵һ仰ġ
ޱȣͬһ֦̫꣬ѨЩ
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һͨƳڵ˵𣿡
ôǻ𣿡
ƳЦмֻƣΪҪϰ㡣
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Ƴ̫磬԰Ͻǣ㻹Ҫ˵ĸһЩ𣿡
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֦⣬ԥ¶ںʲôĪҪƿ⣬̫˵ˣ׷źȵǱﱻʯۡ
ŵ֦Щ˫ַԼͷʹ˵顣
ͷʹ
·δţ׺ȵҵĲ裬ƸҵģʲôýƱģ
Ȼͬǰ²ķֺ
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Щÿһ䣬ƺһ˫ԨĴ֣ϽһЩ
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47 ֦
ֱΪֹ, ¶֪Լδ
⼸µĴĥڻĥƽһЩǣûȥȵѯ˭, ʲôĿ, ĬĬվӣһۣȻ̵˳ȥ
, Դ֣һ¡
Ͻ, , طֱ۵ӡ
ߵһС, һ·һ˶ûС֣Ӱ, ż
в֪Ϊ, ʼƶԼǴ󳳴Ҳ, ߵҲѸٿס, ²ǿˡ
ԼĪа, вȷСѯʣʡҪȥʲô
һ˴ﲻؽţҼҹֻЩҪѯʹֻҪϣҼҹӲΪġ
ŶһǣǻҪ߶أ
Сָǰ, ̧ۿȥ
ľӳ, һĵĸǡǰ, 紵, ׺ϸһǡ
߽´ԼƾɵЬ̤ϳʱԼط
롣
áá
Ծ߽Ȼ󱻴һԿտķ䣬ᴩ㡣
ڹ۲ʱСѾ࣬ӣ˴ˡ
̧ͷȥƽͷ๫ĵᣬһλŰɫٷڰǰӸµĿɫףޱȡ
ɼ£һ
鲻ԽסĲҶ࿴ʶľջĿ⣬
󡭴ˡ
£ŵӵŮˡ
۳࣬Ƴûаơ
֪Ǿƿǽõġ
£
æͷ̧ۿȻѹȸֱӣˡʲô𣿡
Ҳͬ˵ϻֱӵʶƳ𣿡
Ƴµɫ˱䣬ֿʼӿҧʶ
ƳǸˣˣ
˵仰ʱʵ˼̽ĳɷ֣Ϊ׻ǲ֪ԼĿǰһʲôҲ֪ǰƳʲôˡ
׽Ƴģô˵϶зӦ
ǰλɫһ˿仯һղš
˶ִ˼ɢ˷㲢޶⣬Ҳصġ
һЩƳйص£ֻҪʵشá
һϲƶǰƳĶ棬ô˵¡
ûӦô죬ȥɽʵʵаֲ
յ˿ڲ踴ַ£ɫ糣Զھǰɣʬġ
ᣬȴ̼亹ëЩ˼ûƳ
ǣˣʡ
ŵƳĸ֪Ķ˵ɡ
˶٣ֲǺʱɽʱɻ顣
²֪ΪʣҵдƬ̣˵ˡ
Ƴĸ˽ʵࡣ
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ʱĸݵͼƵ䲻฻󣬵ܹĸ׸ʲϵġ
ɽճһңû֪ǼҵʲôӪģֻ֪Ҽ主һһأһǵطסľɸۡȻ˲ʮʱͷסˡ
Ҳǳɽ֪ɽǸôֵһĵط񸻿ɵй̼֣һȥʲô㲻ϣƩΪƼҴСݣʵǸ̷Ůˡ
һԼĪһٶӣɽͨնûӵĵؽȻǸ޵и̣ھǣǮ˵һٷǮˡ
ҵĴС֦ǹɫ㣬֪ôڶ׷ͿƵ¼˾޶ױ
Щ˵֮󣬸λ֮ϵ˳Ƴĸףʲô֡
µ֦
֦Ҷ֦
һ֮
ڰϵ΢΢սָڣԾ򶨣֦ƵǶ֮µƳ
ȷʵ̫˽⣬ʱͻСԲҲôЩ;˵ˣƲƳӦû¾ˡ
ȷǰ˸¡
˸¡
ӾǵɽҹͣЪĸ·Ҳǡһ±ܸϵټɽʶƵٰʱȫԵϡ
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ô꣬Ӧ˰ɡɽҰ޶࣬ǡ
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תһ룬˵ģѹҲˣô꣬һֱ񴴨ΪѰҡ
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ֶɱĲˮ͸
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¼˵ż̲סһ䣺󡭴ˣʶ̫ӵ𣿡
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ĺѲľ˭Ƴã֮ҲҪá
ᷳ
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ȲԼȥ˸Ͻ档
ģһѪá
˵ôûҵԼߵǵǰ
ˣҰɡʱ֪࣬ҡһڵǰԼġ
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²֪Լһʲô˼еˣҡ
ֻҪңʲôԵģˣʲôģ
аʾԭ꣬Ը¶
̴ǿӲסµļ򣬽ϣǿӲȴºͣ벻Ҫ
¾Լĸ첲ֱҪšϡ
ǿԼ侲֪ԼӲӲ
תͷˡ֪ʲôҶԸ
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48 ɬ
ش, 磬м, ͵Ĵ, ͸
¶Ȼſǰֲ⡣
ֻںСʱ֦, ֦峤ʲôѾˣֻǵŮһ
ܹ֮ϳ, ΪƵ鷿ڵһ
񱻹ʮ, ɴ, ֳԲȣǣ̫ʦ, , һ
Ȼ֦Ѿʧ, ĻԾɱ, ÿÿ½ȥ, ǲԾһʮ꣬ʶޱϤ
֪Ƴһ붼̳ɫĸףͬƵŮûƳ
ڽĻţ֪Լ˵ʲôҲ֪ΪʲôӦ˵֦, ̬ѾȫȻ֮ⷢչ
, СԡԲ, ϴˡ
֦ɿ, ڰֻʶΪֶȻƬ̣ʶ̼֮ҵʹһ飺
ղŽʲô㡭˵һ顣
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һδɫӣٿڡ
¾͸ˣڣ˵һ䣺֦
֦һģһҼ֦Ļ񡣡
֦ٳţʶ˼֮١
⧲ָϣһ֤ݡ
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µǹҵ鷿ǸܶˣӦûǡ
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ҵġŮ
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ΪԾһƬհס
ķӦȴĴԡ
ǵصʹɬϯƲסĶĵ׿ʼʹ
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磬Ǹ˭ΪʲôҪǵƳ˵ʲôΪʲôҪ
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˫ۣƺһ̾Ҫ硭ʲô˼
֡
ҡҡͷʵҲţҸ粻ô˺𣿡
˵ʲôô硣
Щƭƭȵô࣬ôϵ
ٴε֣顣
ǿסᣬҲţ
ңҪһ𣡡
ڿĿ·Я˪лżֲײʧ
飬ĸ׸ȡġ
ͳͻû˵㲻áҽΪĸεҪΣ㿴ǰҲϵѪֻܿҪĳ谮
һʱԣʶɲ֪Ӻα⡣
˶٣ֲʮ꣬ǲֻһĸ׼еŮˡ
ôЩ꣬㱾ռȵ
ˮڴۿ䡣
ǰˣʮĸ磬ֳԶӦѹġ
ڲ֪Ƿһ̣ǰÿġ
ɿֱۡ
߳鷿ٳʱԸȥϼӿܡ
ϣ¾ͱǿӲĴߣڼֻһˡ
*
ʱ˿̣ԾڶƳ֪Ĵһ鷳
֦鵽Ĵٵõȵ¸¡ʵżշѭ򽥽ĺá
ƳԭΪѲϴθ˵֮󣬻ὥôҲû뵽ûԽԽæ
һûл
ԼһԺ˫ֳգһˡ
ȻһƽĹŲºѲֻԼ
Ѳ̫Ӱ
ܶ࣬ɲǻô
кЩ󳼶ǳܸɰ͢ôٺ»ǣǽģǻ㱨źѲģõΪʲô̫ӣ󳼺ˡ
ƳԽɫԽ
ǳȡֵ룬Ѳ϶û˵ϲ
ˡ
˵˵
ôϲ֣϶ÿֱӻˣ˵ֱӴڶˡ
ڶһ߱˾ףһ߰칫
ҪһʱܲԸ
ǡ˿̣ѩҴҸϹһϲɫƹ½ȥ
ɣˣڻ˾ȻֱˣҪȥ
ƳҪšСƵĲ
ѩ˵һ飺ƹ½ȥأһͽūˡ
ƳƲƲ죬ȻŶ
վһʰһﲻͣĵ߶һ㶼ҡ
Ϊʲôҹȥѽǰģߡ
ѩװҲѣɤӣԼҵ½һ¡
ƹ

ѩ⼸æĽŲմأЩû˯þˡ
ƳŶһæ£ν
ѩ
СĵĹ۲һܣȻּʵƹ⼸ˣпԵġ
µĲˡ
Ƴۿѩ˵⼸𣿡
ѩҡҡͷ֪ʥⲡúüҲáϴεûΪʥͻ񼲣ڹһҹ
⼸ʥϵĲۻĸĶ࣬´ϵڣæһֱûţ⼸նû˯þɫãԲû
ѩŴĳ˺ѲʰԼأ͸ɡ
ѩҲûҪƭԼƳԼŵԹ˲䱻ˣɫתʣѽ
ѩͷȥ֪ˡ
Ƴ̲ס𴽽ǣŲǸϽ߰ɣ
ִѲ޵󣬺ѲڰǰŻƵ⿴顣
Ӱӳģ˵ĲӲͦ¹࣬޳˱ڰڵ۷֮£Ͻ֣ܽС׷ֵģаήҲӡ
ѩƳʹ˸ɫȻɤӣ£ƹˡ
Ѳ˹̧ۣü忡ĿƳɨһȻȥɡ
ѩ˸ӣǡ
űϣѲô
ƳЦǰȥİѺѲǰƵһߣȻ󼷽Ļ˫ȳںѲϣһڣɤӸ磬ѽ
Ѳס춼Щʲô
ƳһһѲϸԺ԰һᣬȻҼĺúÿժ˺ü䡣һѧ˴壬ҲȻǳԷ˯˸ӣ
Ѳţ԰ջʵʲôӣÿ𣿡
Ƴ°͸ںѲͷ룬˵һŮӰһΪ˼ҵŮڸ״ԪԺӭȢӾܲɻ
Ѳšü۵˵пΪ͢á
ǸŮأ
Ƴһ£ǸŮҹǱۡһ˯״Ԫ˽ˡ
ѲĬƬ̣Ǹ͵Ůӡ
ƳЦ֪Ѳͬ˵ʱӲλߵԽУ˽ģæҲ
ͱӣһ㶼Ȥȴ˵ϵڡ
Էûѽ磿
ѲһʹҴԡ£ͼƳƼǱӣʱš
ƳҲûУһɡ
ŷͱ˳ʳԸȥ󣬺ܿʳ㱻
ѾʱƳȻںѲûѲ޴ŵĳȴ󳨣ƳȴеĻζš
˵ĺѲҲ̫ϲǰ˳Ůɫһ򶨣ʵͺˡ
ĺ˰
ƳԺԽ˼Ƥ񣬱ѾϲˣѲ磬ԱŶ

ѲƳһûƳͻȻĳһ˼ĻۿǰѾϲ˵ֶһ¡
Ȼǣȹ龽ȣһʱԴǣѿڶԷҲû⡣
ѾߵĶˡ
ϲ˵ٶȿ˲٣ȵһ˲С鲽˳ȥƳŹЦָźѲļͷʲôѽ
Ѳɫ˺ڣ̧һƳĺȴΪƳҪǰŲ̧̧һƾ;׼ޱƨϡ

žУĿԣ׷״ӶԷп˻ҡ
л˵
ǣ


49 
㸡, ƵȻԵ
ĴƺȻͣģƲסĳ
һֱ֪Ƴ̬
ɵͤͤŮ, һŶ, Цʱɰޱʱ޶ׯֽȻ෴ɼһ
ֻļͷ, ƽվǽżſԣϰԵʸĲ, Ĺϡ
ǸܽСŮ, ݶ, ƸʱС
ţѲ˼˳ܵøԶ
ʱϰԵ΢΢ſӣҰ޵Ĵ, ѩ׵ͬ.¶ļ羱һ𼸺׵ķ, ϸƤ͸һ㺬ķۺ, ںŨܵķĴ, Щָ, һЩɢڰڰڵǰͬһγɹɸɾַ.˵ĳ
Ƭ̵УԾͣԭλûж
Ƴɫֺ죬ôһһ ˴ƨɣӦͷð, ָźѲ㡭㻹֣
Ѳ¶, һ, εļ, һ»صŮʣѧƳȷˣ˭Ҷġ
ȻЩ˵㣬ּһ䣺»ؿɲˡ
Ƴ
һ˼ƨɣ㻹ˣ
ѲԽҲסüͷһ壺˵ʲôעԴǡ
Դǣղžҡ
Ƴһ仰û˵꣬ͱѲǿӲס죬ɴֱӵֹʲô˵С졣
ͬƳĿΣգֱӵ׼˵ˣǸˡ
ּвȻƳʲôãֺܲҪĲһ䣺˵ˡ
ƳʱԼƨɽ˽治ˣѲź룬ûåء
ƳԽɣѲ֣̽ϲһ֣Ƴ͵ͷĲſ촽Ǿһڡ
΢΢ʹд֮ӦŮĴࡣ
ѲݺһüƳҧźѲһЦ˭㲻˵ģ
õᣬѾԿѪ˿պѲȥӼЩ󳼿϶кۼ˶źѲָָģ;ú˼
һĵŤŤӣȻһ̾׵ĸܵĳϤı仯

Цͣɴ˫һʱ˵ÿһı鿴ѲȫΪʲôҧһ¶ѣȻзӦ
ķɽƳһʱȻҲȷеĴݣǰ죬ĿֲֺµĿźѲ
㡭ְ
ѲҲĿƲסɤӣڶϲ
Ƴв
ƳԼźΣգ˻ȣĵȥ
Ѳƣ׾͹סƳĴȣ𶯡
ƳȻĺѲ⻰˼°͸ںѲͷȭͷһߴһ߶òҪﶼʲô
źѲҲܣԼѾŮ۵˫֡
αϣȳһƳŬѹе궯ȥ㣬Ѳ˶ֱۣŽƳ¡
Ѿǳƣ
ǿƳûţҲǱ
ƳʵʵһԣΪʲôǿƲסԼʲô
ƳһۣȻֿѲ㲻ϿĵĿԥŹĵ𡣡
ƳĿʵʣѲһԼ°ڣɫ˺ڣòģԷ
Ƴĺߺӵʲôףֲû
ĿȥĿ죬˵ſӣ˼Ѳ̵࣬ȻĵĸһӼѲæҲҪúóԷŶ
ʵͬƳһŵʱ䲢ࡣ
ϵȷƳпǷƳ£Ǵʱֻϲ
ƳϾûʲôѣΨһ仹Ǿϲ⡣
ԴǣҪκζǻúöӣûĶ棬ҲҪȥ档
ԹıԹںѲ˵˵˵ԺǻǵĴԱߡ
һʮСǱ濴ȥɵġ
Ƴ˴Ѳֱۣﲻ˵ѽ
Ѳʳԡ
Ƴޡ
úóԷ
ƳǸͲסӣŲŲ˺ѲߣѲԷӡ
Ѳÿһ鶼ᱻһΣҲֲڻԵʱס¡
һ̧ʱЯŵѹȸУϤѴ˫ֱ˫пʲô
Ƴһ˵ʱô򣬶ǡɶԾм֮ģָɽƵ˶Ƕء
ȷĹӣҲλߣƳб˭ܳɹʸѲһ붼ˡ
ĿǰΪֹԾɾⱲˣǸѩӦ³š
ѲȻ
ֶβ˵ʮĥͲ֪Լƺ͵߶Ǹȥˡ
֪ԼһˣӲɱԶЩȴһֱĻж󰮵˳⡣
ܿϧûܳˡ
Ƴ˰죬Ѳ¿ӣĿ⵭ڶѾԵĳԲȥˣ
ƳЦӯӯȥһںѲĲڣѽѽ
ѲǲԾ¶Ц⣬Ҫԣһ
վԶľżȡһڵ̴ľϻӣݵƳǰ
ʲô
Ѳ񣬹˸˽㿴ϲϲ
ѲʵͶʱԼ͵ġ
ܹôԸѽ
ѲԹһʲ޸Ҳ˸ϰߣƼһЩÿĶƳϲϲȻ˳ִ
̫͵ӰģҲѡģʯҲ̫͸
ƳϻӴ򿪣ͷʵʯȷǰһÿȷǺÿֶֻпʼǵʸУβҪҪֵǮ
˾޵ӣƯѽ
Ѳ֪ϲ´ϲʲôģͬ˵
ƳϲܹģȻͬѲ˵վѲ޵ڵĲżܣһǳ۵񲯴
ŵĶЩʲôֵֹĶ
Ѳ⼸ղصžòġ
˵䣬ƳѾѲ𿪣óһ幤µ
Ѳüϣҵһ˲䣬ЩĻŵġ
ֶɲܳһ޵ģȻѲǵʲôʱġ
룬Ƴ϶Ҫˡ
Ȼһ˲Ƴʣʲô
Ѳ㣬ûǺãͼƳ¶ϲɫĺúÿѽǱ𣿡
ˣѲԾɾƳǿװ⣬ҿ˰죬ڴӼ﷭Ǻüǰ绹ʱĶ
ƳҷԼа档Ĵ徫ޱȣǷǳдԧϷˮдϡ
ɫ˿⣬Ϊ幤Ǳѽôÿֲñ
Ѳֵֺĸо
ǣڵĽ˸䣬ţԼĪһǰ͵İɡ
л˵
˵顣
һ֪ΪʲôֻǧҶ˼
ڶұҪǷһǳ׵ķԣڱڻˮĲ˵ıʲûĻҲᣨ˵ǿԣһȻǣİǸŶ֪䲻
ң
ˣҽҪܻ


50 ˫
Ѳ˵, ĿͣƳϣϸ۲, ͼСϷּ顣
ƳֻŶһ, ȻĿרעҪҡ
ѧϰ壬ԲŶϵмȤϲһЩָгɫ, յĵɫǡ÷ϲá
ͬʱĵ, ͬѲλȨ֮˾Ǻ, ˰Ľһ, Ů幤ڣ֮Ҳضá
֮ǰɽʱԽлԼ, Ҳһɶõſ, ҲżŮͶҸ, Ƴ, ƽƽ档
ѲһʱЩԼ, žһҲ⡣
ѵ֪ŮǺ⣿
ѲԽԽпܣվһɤӣɫȻĽ͵ŮʱңԷ
ƳҵΪʲôǣض˺𣿡
ԭ֪
Ƴ̾˿Ϊźʱδѧ, ЩŹ黭ͨ, Ҳȷʵ
ѲһҲƳ, Ŵ
ƳûпѲ
Եȷǳ, ƶ֪ΪƼѾң˵ǸôܴģôҲǴС㡣
֪ʲôС㣬ҰũŮûݴ֪ƫôֲ޼µġ
ЩµѧһЩôЩƳѧҲôܱǿĶֻ࣬ǼѧԼδֹھûһõóֵġ
ţƳ;
Ѳּ¼ǵŮδޡ
ƳֻѲ˵һϻ֮ҷ£š
Ѳ̫ס
֮ǰδд˹ϵ֪ƳķӦǷ
ƳӵˣӦ÷ǳע
ԼżƳԶ˿ñԶֲƳĺ˽뷨ֱڣżƳ֮ǰͬԽлԼ£Ṣڻ
ƳͷѲ磬㲻𣿡
Ѳģޱˡ
԰գǸңһСĵģװ˵һ䣺ҪصģҪˡ
ĵ⻰ܹ˰ɣƳ϶Ҫˡ
ȻֻƳСûüģƳһô
ָ沩żܣԭѷļͲģԸĵôöأôѽǰӵġ
ѲĿԭԵŮҺһӵĶûκ
ֽϻͬվһʱ޷ӦƳ
Ѳ̫ƽϡ
ⲻǸǳ΢ķӦˣʵڲضԴ˴ëãҲԼҪȥҪƳ
ңףԼƳռЩ̬ġ
̬ռʸ䵱һı׼
Ҳֲ̬ռʹô࣬ҪѹʩӵƳϣȥǷǳƽġ
Ժ󣬺Ѳȥֺ£̧Ƴеգֻ˵˵
Ƴȴģ۾˵˵
ѲͷĴн뿪ĴָƳĦ
ƳžһĿ֣ƭˣ
ƳˣһۿͲܿƵķ죬Եûơ
ίҪǲǱˣѵûЩöҪǰǴģҾһҡ
һصģźѲһ飺㿴Ҿô
Ѳǡ
ƳԽʲôǣǱ˺Ѳǲǵõ˾Ͳϧˣ˶ӣ֪㿿ס
˵˵ţ˺һСԳӺͮͮۿл䣬С죺
ôأҪǲϲˣǾͰͻɽˡ

ʵ˵ķչǺѲһʼδϵġ
ѿڣġ
ôôء
ƳʣҵĴඡ
Ĭ죬Ѳ̧֣סƳļ򣬺˵ļһãˡ
룬ּһ䣺
Ƴ£˿һԼ

Ѳֱۣһ̧סƳ
Ƴ˦һԼֱۣû˦ֻõҪҡ
ѲǰǿĽ˰ԼĻֱ۹סƳȻ̾˿ƳߵǳҪܿء
ƳԵ£ûѿ
ѲеůͣҲеĵ˰ˣһɡ
ƳѲֵĲˣϲġ
Ƴɫһº˸͸䷢̣ĵ⻹вˡ
˿ƭˡ
Ź¸˵棬Ҫʲô²ء
ƳѲļ羱ܿͲˣƬ̺С̧ͨ𣬱ŤŤ˵һ䣺𣿡
ѲһƳˣ֪Լֺˡ
˫¶Ц⣬䱾һ§Ƴһᣬһֻ̧ƳĴȣֱӽӭ汧Ƴȼס
Ƴһ§źѲĲ׺ݵѽ˭§ҵģ
Ѳ˫ƳĹ£û극ء
ƳʵʵĴںѲȻ˼Ѳ˵ĻСʣҪʲô
ط˺ѲԾûƳ£ߴӲϹſɫСԲŮӣĴ򴽣ѹ³嶯Ȼһ
Ƴ۾Ȼ΢΢𴽽ǣԴ˺Ѳһ£ȻҪأ

ô˵ѽ
Ƴδ˿յͣҲ֪ǰקֿ̫ӣӲ£ķɿ졣
Ǿӭ֮ʣݼ֮ϣһһը̻
ѲͷƳస֮ϣ߻˵ʲô
Ƴûѽ
Ҳ˵ڶˡ
䣬Ѳ°ͣŮ˫˿ĴȻ֡
Ƴͷɢ޳ָıͬںڵĳӳ
أƣסƳĺ󾱡
žķڣཻΪ.ɫһϵյɨڵء
ȻƳַ꣬ԾɾסǣƬ̺㿪ѲǣϵĿ֬οӳĴ˿¶ѩײؿڣԽ
ȡһ¡
㲻Ҫż
Ѳ˹ᣬǿֹס٣Ƴûż
֪Լ
ѲǰҲδԼΪһŮƮƮһ仰ͶףӸ߸ϵĻ̫ӣɺǵģ.ū
Ƴ½ɢѣѲԾһɫ£صݵ
Щ⡣
δ˵ʲôѾѧǸĺѲֵܣǿһۣȻĿ⻺ƣ忡
ôѽ
Ѳ³һӣԣùס
ƳֳˣŲĹ㿪ѲĽҽѧһĴ壬ֺʹġ
Ѳ׾Ͱ˻ߴӰѹȸС
㲻ö
Ƴָƭˡ
Ѳġ
Ƴߣ˵һ仰ҹɫǣ嵽˵Щʲô
ƳȴȻӣ㡭ô
*
ڶڵĺг밲ȴһֱһƬѹС
ϢͨһЩģ֪һ㣬ͨҲ²³ͬǸһֱڴеŮйء
ȴ˸ۣԾͬ㣬ȴѹÿ˵ͷϡ
㷲Լķڣ֪ӦʲôҲ֪Щʲô̬ķչǱ飬黹Լƽһ漰ǸŮͳ˵ۡ
֦ڻԵУ̶죬򼸺Ҫż̤ơ
ǻԾͰˣ̫򾹻ΪǿҵĴ̼Զã˴֦˵ὥǰ
֦ڻָһ¡
ʵָ֦䣬Ů֦֪ģûƭˡ
ʮ˼١
ɵϢʱԾɾͬ
֪ԼںЩʲô
ͲţǸνŮĴڡ
֦ţΪǸŮˣȻȻĻҰοȥһͲ̫ܵ顣
һѪԵϵˣȻô׵飬ᱻɱΣԼԵжϡ
ɴʱ˶ԽʲôԽȷʲô
ĺܺǸŮĴڣ̲ס룬أӻô죿Ů֦Ů
֪
òĲ²⼸ҪƷ衣
һȻվӣ߳˷š
Ծ鷿
վ鷿ſڣӹѾ߼ݽȥȲ裬ԼɫȻ˽ȥ
طĹģԲʱδ뿪վһûж
ΪѾߣȥɡ
Ծûж
̧
һ̲סۿ죬ֳ
Ķʲô𣿡
鴹ֹסʵԲϴ̫ˡ
ͷȷ֪ˡ
佾ݣҲʲôֻİǣİ֦ĸ׿ģϴ̫ˡ
һ֪ͺá
ֳհݣɤ
ʮȷ޿ָժ
⼸Ӧӡ̵Ļʮ꣬ͬĸɽ̰˳ɽ·
ɫҰ޳ûʵǺ¼ˣΪĿĵѰҳ·СĻһɽ£Ҳˡ
ǽ첻Ӧеصزʱּɫ£Ǹʱ֣òıһһĴ˳ȥ
ҲǴǸʱԽһһյദУŤĸ顣
֣סǸеֱʵֶ˶١
磬ԭҰɡ
Ŀɨ֣Ȼ󻺻Լ󣬵ûйֹ㡣
һϲֳ֪õġ
պҲϣٷͬĴ󡣡
֪ģ̣̲㡣
æ˵ͷԥƬ̣ʵ磬ϴǸŮô°
ʵ˵̫Ƴ顣
ʮ꣬˵ȫ޸ǲܵģԣʵϣ鲻Ҫȡ
ҵȷһá
˵ġá֣һ˲ʹʹĶĤΪʼգöֻһ˶ѡ
ȴƺһΪá
סԼķǿװ򶨵һ䣺Ƴ𣿡
л˵



51 
Ƴ, ʹǰıӽЩŮǼûǰҲǱָɺ֤ǸŮ, ֻƳҪһЩ, ǡ֦Ҫָ䡣
룬ָ֦Ҳ, Ͳȥ߶ǸĪеˣҲ
δ, Ǵĵ˵һ䣺ܡ
Ļش𷴵鲻
Ūеô, λֳС, Ӳ¶
Ǵ˿Ծõʹ鵨Щأǻ𣿡
̫Ϊʲôʡ
ʵϣѾ, ˽, ܹ鲢ῪĵƳĵ˭ھʮ˼޵ߵĳ谮, һλŮĵ, ¶ʵĻӭ
, ֪֮Ļ֮ϡ
ӭƳҲƳĵճλãԼƳԼĸеĵλ
䡰ǻ𣿡ôʳġ
ӹɣǵȻƳ
£֮ܳΪһ⣬ĿǰҪ, ƳԸԸǻ
ղżȷƳ, ֦δ, δ龩, ҲȥóȻƳ
ɤ˼ֲײЦأ
õȷеĴ𰸣ֻһ顣
Ļҵƣͷɬʣأ
ڸ±ʣʼ顣õ֪ٴһΣǰֻ֪αĺʢˣ߸ϣܱµĸо
֪Ϊߣʳ⡣
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ɣᶼˣָҡҲҡ
ƳޱĿɣ衣

Ƭ̺ɣȻֱۣ˻Ե蹳һơ
ᣬû
ɣ˵Ѿ㹻
Ϊһη
Ӷ𣬾һֱãίҷ񶨣һޱ¡
Ա˵ʱӲҷ
ΪܾԼһУʶհǰ˺Ҳ±䱾۸
ҲΪʲôϲƳɡ
죬ƳϿ˻ԼģãĿȴдŲԸͷη塣
Ľģ
ϲƳܳΪĿˣһӶ˳ܣҲѣ׽
ɣЩáˡ
Ƴȴס֣Ȼ蹳һȡ
ɣķ飬ŮЩɤ
Ǻˡ
л˵

Ѽ


53 ǰ
Ů, 䣬ָץֵܴ
Ư, ȴͬʱֹ, 
ϲģ
ɣɴ˫ۣòŷӦ
ʱ, ƳѾ֣ʱ, ƳԼ˵ǿʯͷϲѪ, Ȼӵ˲ݴͷ, ͬʯһͬʱƿϵĺڲ˵һ
蹳ϺһƬ, Ե˿ڻѪ, Ǳ, ô˵ġ
ɣŵõ, ԾƳ, ԡԲҡȥҡ̫ϴ
ƳһҲϻʲôңˣʲôϴġ
蹳ͷճѪСûаϧɣ裺𣿡
ɣ迴˿蹳, , ĵͷ
Ƴվ, , ָʹɣ裬ָһأ
ɣķɿ죬ƳʲôʲôԼʪ·˺һƳ֣ȵһжʰ꣬ƳŴɣµ˳ȥ
ɣһ·ɪƮ̲סƳϿѸ˻⼸װ׵дϡ
Ƴͬ룬ˣֿʼڣɣ裬ǸСʵǸСɣʱ˲鵽ͷϣ˼Ǳ߻ûȷǲԼԼ
ɣ赹ҪƳɲϣѲǸԴˡ
Զ̫๬Ů߹ƳסŲ
ɣ豻һ֮㶶һ£ôˣ
ƳɫƣɰСЦ⣬±˲֪ɵ𣿡
ɣ费ԴŬԼСĵǸԡԲ𡣡
ԼٷҲŷŵ£Ƴ㡭ȥ
ƳȻȥҵ¡
ɣƳһȥòһѣԸ̫ϲƳˣʣҿɡɡ
Ƴԡ
ɣ죺Ŷ
룬ֵ㡭ϲ¡𣿡
Ƴϲ
ɣĬĬ£Ŷһ
ôƳֿŬŻ⣬ƳȴֱӿЩͷά棺
ȥɲŶᱻģҪȥҵ
ɣٶ۵ĵ˵ͷʣǡҿԡ㡭𣿡
ƳֻϽӦȥԵġ
԰գͻ˻ת뿪Сٸ˵Ļᡣ
ȵѲǶɫȫȻûȥһɫŵ̫ʹҴӭԭ
Ƴ͵ȥ·һˣͬ˵˼䣬ͷˡ
С̫һˣҪǵµٲ¾ҪȥѰˡ
˵䣬Ѿߵ˵У̫๧£ƹﵽˡ
Ѳɫÿӭȥ㷽ȥˣ
̫ƫвˣƳǰ˺Ѳһڣִ˴ӣʵһˣ˵ϲңҾͬ˵˻Ự
Ѳ
˵ʲô˵һ顣
סƳ׾ͽڻƳ§סѲĲ㲻æûո˵Ҳұ˽𣿡
ѲҪڣȴʱܲʱ˵ŵһʮǳѪζ
ʱϹɳƾУξЩĴɱ㲢٣ԶѪζΪС
ζǳƳϡ
ŮϸɸɾʮָˣΨʪһЩûʲôѪ
ȻǱ⴦
ƳСʣô
Ѳɫ糣ֻһ˭
Ƴ㡣
ѲɫȻãƳСǸŮɣɡ
˴ѲӲļ򣬵С
ɣ裬ںѲһȦ
û˵ˡ
ƳһֱָɾѪζǸ֪˭ŮϵһʶΪǸŮʲôƲ磬ƳͬӴ
Ƴڸǣ㲻ʣѹеǣ¶û˵ǲ˽⣬м
һСѲ϶û˵
ܵӦţ֪ˡ
ˣǲǿԻȥѽ
ѲһƳСίˡ
ƳԼġ
ѲЦЦûӦ
Ϊʹȷʲô˼ĵط
˽죬ƳʵʥټΪѽ
ѲһЩ°ˣֵһᡣ
˵ˣʵջʵټԾΪһ¡
Ȣޡ
֮ǰѾΰʾ˹ȥ
˴θȴֱ̯ƣָ̫ϵһŮӸΣѲûмŮӣҲǼǵá
Ѳ̫һҪʲôҪĻϵƺϵ
֮ϣȨ֮޷ֻ¹٣ݣţһõľԶƽ໥ƺ⣬˲ԶʹûȨר
֮ǰ䣬̫ΪˣѲĸǵ걻ָڶ̫
ѲֳδԸȢˣȢǸҵˣϾõ
ֻǺֳţ̫Ϊѳ飬˶δãϵѪѲһˡ
ʱĺѲʢרᣬģ緢ɣ¥С
λ֮ſʼâ
Ȼʱó裬ʹǸΪӹƵˣּΪ
ԭϲˣ׹ϵǹȨֶΣȡˣĹ˵츲ء
ٴξܾѾøʲ
ͬʱʶѲϡ
δͬƳἰ¡
ƳҲδϣͬѲȥԺ˻δţһ̫͹ƹ˹˺üҩģ˵
ûƳѲü͵ģʲôҩģ
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ѲͬƳϦദǲ֪ƳҪҩʣ𣿡
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Ƴ֪Ϊʲô
оúЦͬѲ͵ϴұᣬּԴֲ
ʵ˵޷˵Ѳ
ѲûмǴһƳǼΪ䵭ġ
ͬƳ˼ǣֲһ֮ˣ̫ȥһŮӶ
뵽̬ȣѲĿ΢
Ѳü¿ةԼȥ̫ˡ
ƳѶ˻ȥɣǵתةеΪҷģɡ
ԶƳŷԸ꣬ʱǼҩľֱͻ
Ȩңһ ıŸ
ǼҩظԺʼ̫صѰƾǿǵҩÿһֽмС
Ľʵ⡣
վ֦Ժһԡ
С˵һ
˻֣֪֪ˣȥɡ
֦ķڣ̫ͬһ𣬽ˣ֦Ծδѡ
ִʱͽ⼸յһƳ
Ǹϲŭɫˣǽ죬ƢԽ׽ԾɼǵԼͬἰƳʱ˵ĽŲһ١
Ȼòȷ𣿡
ͷȷ
ûٳ
ʵϣ⼸յնǳ
ʣ磬Ƴҩôˣ
ûлش
򴽣ҲȥԴоʮֲ֪ԼЩ֪֪
ܺ
꽥һãǰֱǸӣûͬģͼֺôͷҲ顣
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磬˵ʯ۵𣿡
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ǡöĿ⡣
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̵վǰſڵס𣿡
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ɫȻʯ˭µģΪ˱Ƴɷѿġ
ɫףʶĿ
ȴû˿Ҫ˵˼
ףûС
ž
һޱȡ
һûһȣײʯϣպһƬɢһء
ӣֱ³һѪ
硭
վһԣδ
ӸµĿ飬㻹Ž̲ġ
ûС
Ӳ𣿡
֦֦ƽնݣ֪ҡβͣأ
˵磬ǰȻδհ֡
Ƴʱһ֮ŮŮ
Ļÿ˵һ䶼ˣ֪ʱھĸͲ
ƺҲûм⣬Ϊȫġ
ףûУֻǡֻǸЦѡ
ЦһٶԣǷԸˣˮѡ
˫ĿȻ󣬵ҲҪ
ܵߣ磡Ⱦң
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ɱģԺеÿ˶Ѵ̡
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ҫĸģĴ
ֲ֪֪ηй
ͷס
Ƴʱ֪ĸȴδ飬ͼ
븸𷣡
ͷɫֻƬ̺һͬؽȥɡ
л˵
㿨ס
ָȡһд


54 
ů, һյѩ·Ѿеĳ
ϾһɴⰻȻ·߶࿪ŽвֵҰ, Ƴٴδȸ¥, ȴǰ˶顣
ǵĴƺɽĴҪٻȨζʵ̫˳С
մڶ, ֱѲļã֮, û˸Ҹɫ, Ҳõ˴ӼͲõ, ٲȥ˱Ϣ
ɽƳԼⱲӶʱԹǴһη, ڵԽ, Խǰ
ǰ, һˮ, ȻѾŬ, ɽԾҡҡ׹
ĸȵڽµģֻǺѲİµĺޡ
Ѳİǳ֮Ļ֮ϣԣѲΪ֮ȴһΪ˾֮, Ÿ˺Ѳ
¸, δˡ
Ŀǰӵеһ, ͬһı
Ƴͷ, չЩۡ
ⴺһԵ᲻Ľûǣ
Ƴûлش
ʱԽãƳбԽ·ǳϤһ˲ϤһżȻ
ѰƳһֱǸֽˣȻѾȸ¥δҵƳҲûзԼ
ԽԽĿǰھǣֻǲ֪ȥˡ
ĺýҲ֪Բ
׽Բؿûһ˼
Ϊ˳ͷ£ҵɱɡ
ϾֻнˣĽ²ȵһЩֻˣƳֲĹһʹ
߽˵ĻȻڶǲҰҵ̶ֻӣǶ˵ûŮӣ
ϴȸ¥һŮӣҶˣûһǷϹģҲûһǽµġ
ȷҶ̶ˣ
ģ˭ķ¥м¼ġ
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ֻգǺѲ
̫Ǻۡ
ȻҲҪæ
ƣ̫ٵ붫̫ӣϣۿϯпͷȻ̫ǧꡣ
ʱЩȨ߸߹ٻϼŮһͬأ˵أҲһʽѡˡ
ֻǽ꣬Ϊˮ֣ʥϱѲδǰٰ죬ʾͲϲ֮ˣǲ̫ʵ۽˻ٴἰĻ£ࡣ
ֱڹвٰ죬಻ǰ¡أֻʮͬʵة磬ҲǹЩҹ㣬Ҳǡɳ常ʵĲ
ѲƲ϶רᣬȷȨּ⣬Ҳû˷ط֣ҸӦ˷ѣ˷̬󳼱Ҳۣ㲻ԡ
˵ٵǾһ𣬻ط̸£ȻԷȾưˡ
ѲһϵһǳģԱûƳȥڶϻ
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ϡ
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е㲻̫ģȴƳǳѡĶ
ǰΪάֺˣ͹۸δһӣȻ󾭹һ˵ǣܰѶԷжĵᡣ
˵˵ˣƳԼоԼЩαʵϲľЩǳǼֵǵĶ
һΣõĶ͸˺Ѳ
ܾò̫
»ϲʲô
ⴺôźѲˣм˽⣬šüϸ롣
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ƳϵˣϾѲСڸѲ
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ѲһƳŵϣҲ
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Ѳվֱӣڵɣ

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ƳǣСѣȻѾסȻ߳ܵԸ룬ܿơ
Ѳڵ߱Ŵ

ԼԺҲô̹ԺѲˡ
Ѳվ治𣿡
ƳѲٿȻջԼ.¶СȣССһţֻϵıְܸȫС

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˵
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ںѲ̫ӣ̫ǺѲΪΪԼǸΪ˴ﵽĿ伫ˡ
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򴽣һʱδ
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Ŀ𺣬ȻסµĲҿȥ
ƭңұ㳢ζ
β˵ͷ
ûбѡ
ǱǹעһеϣںѲϡ
ºѲ࣬ҲԻӻ
һʼӻƳǰ㡣
л˵
ϼǣ


55 
峿, Ѳ
Ƴ˯һ㲻ʵһСմ㼸֫ʸںѲϡɢ½¶Ƭļ, ϱѲů, ѩ
ѲһᣬвԾ˼ֳ磬ȻƳǺñ, ûסŮһǡ
ɽصǶˣһ֡
һ, Ѳվ
, 峿͸չԾ˼, ֱ۵Ķ仯ŵļ
ϸɿĹ, ֱӵļ, ȴԾںһ˿ɾִС
·, Ѳ߳, ѩ, һλǹҪ
Ѳüʶûʵǳʲô˶ͣȥ
ѩԥƬ̣Ϣŭū澱Ҳ̴ֻӵŮ, ƹɽĽ㡣
Ѳɻ, ߳޵, ˼Ƭ̲Ƴһ㡣
Ǹӡ, ֶǵò
Ŭ룬
ѩѵ¡
ҹ
˼һֱ߶Ķѩ򴽣̶ίƳйأҪ
ѲȻⲻĵˣԭҪؾڿڵһ˲䣬ƳǾܾʻأ˾䣺ġ
ں¥ƫ
ֱ˿̣Ѳ˵ʲô
żǵǰƸʱû¶˵һЩǶǵģڮƳķϻʱ˼ƳԼڲԼݣԲδȷֹ
ƳؾҲ罫֮Ժ
Ǿɽǧ֮ңܹƳ
ˣôġ
˼Ǽ䣬ѲȻִ᷿ſڡ
ѩ¡⡣
ѲһѩʶȤǰƿ˷š
ѾһѣΪţһֱڷڣϥǲԾķ˫ִϣָסĽԼ䡣
ֻһ̫Աߣǰû̫࣬ʲô̫඼˵
һļžĿֻţ֮ͬʱ뵽ԼѲ־˷ܡ
ĺϲѲ
ָоһֱĻ԰ֻгƬ̲ݣȴͻȻһգ⻨԰ڷһ仨
ѲĻ
ǰ֪Ѳ̫ӣϲڣûƳôضľ
ǻ̫ӵˣƳǸ廻ȡȵˡ
ű򿪡
µ˼Ȼͣסսէй
߽ͦo㡣
һ˲䣬ЩӵίһӿͷվߣԷ֦ͷƳһ뿪֮Ϊ۵Ůӡ
ʶĿþġ
ذɽˮ·;ŶĺЩԲ˻á
ң˺ѲһеŬֵõġ
ۿ죬ûпڣһԵ̫Եβ񣿡
һ㶣
ھȨԴڹĺ£ǲᣬҲæ
ѲɫֱͣԵˣ˵ʲô¡
˿ڿˮԼģѲ
Ծͬһ ʱǰ㿡ʣʣ£ڼˡ
Ѳ˵һϻûıҪˡ
¹ڵϣͷɬ˿ȻںѲԷĿУ˵Ǹ֧ǵʵ
£ɽĸƳң
Щصڼžķڡ
ѩĬĴͷȥѲķӦ
Ƭ̣Ѳȴɫģ⣿
Ƴںʱ͸˵»ѳȵǵϣԵƸʱһһûз
ԼѣȻ£֪š
ѲɫȻƲʲôĿ¡
´ԼĻóһͨµڣ㲻ô󣬱һֱţıԼҪ
ѲĿϣһϳĶ
ڸϵ
ȥƳԸⱻµһ֮ʺŪΣʱڻԵУҲ³Ƴûעʱ͵õģҲƳˣ˵
ƳǸСҲᷴ
ɹǣʱƳϵĲԾɽĻ䣬һͬ
ƳǸŮӣôĪѪζ
ƳͬʲôϵΪʲôεȥȸ¥Щ飬Ƴֻδᡣ
ѲºһȻʼѲһһʮ˵һ顣
Ϊһֱڻ䣬ԶеϸڶޱϤ˵ʱ˵޾ϸ
ǺѲͱȸһ졣
Ƴĳ
֮ǰһ˵ǲ˵Щʲô
ȻһۣľƳ
ѩǵƳʱһ¡
˫΢΢ޱȡ
ʱĺѲֻעŮĻȴδһۿʱĿ⡣
ǲ죬Ҳֻв죬
Ƭ̺иŽӿ֣ϲޣȵȡȵͺõĶȻ󱻰űݳ
¼ӻƼͲš
ʱ֣ͬ˵ˣҾ㣬ȴûһ㷴ӦʱֻǵԹ䣬⣬֪ԭƳǰߵ˺ڰףĨң
һ˵˺ܶ࣬ѲȴʼһԲ
̧ͷСʣ¡𣿡
ͦü£һ˫۾ɫʱǰ䣬ƲЩʲô
ΣѲ
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ѲѾߣЩȣӦǸ뿪á
ȻⴺͷŵѾҲΪźƳϴ
ںƳϸ۵ָˮһ䣺Ѿˣ
ⴺһѾԼĪˡ
ƳŶһɢĲ˲֣Ȼ֮ӵ֮ϡ
ⴺ˼Ƭֵ̣
Ƴ̧ͷôˣ
ⴺºûнʱū͵ģǽ߳ȴ˶
һӦʱ°ɣԼĪˡ
ƳױǰԲδ
ʵ㲻һ¡
ѾСĵƳױŮݽޣһŶ쵰Цʱɰޱʱм⡣
֪ΪΣƳ
룬ĵһΪ¡
ʵ˵ҹ˯ʵãûһֱѹĿڣ˯ںѲ§źѲˣɵĲȡ
鷳꣬ѹţŪϣȻվԸȥ֪ˡ
ԼѣȥǸⴺţ˽¥ȥ
ǳ룬鲻ãǺѲûҲãó
˭ߵô磬ûһģô߰ɡ
ĵԼ˯ǳѲ϶ѡ
ôţƳֿ
л˵
ʣҶ֪Сպͳʲô˰ɣ
ỹС֪ɣ
֪ҲҪ˵1Ϳɣ
ⱾкŶϣΪ˷ֹֻ1  doge


56 
ҷʱժ, ΪʱҽƳңԸ, ˵׸
ҡֻһ˷㡣Щ, ϵѵңұ˳ָժˣû뵽վȻó
ϵ·Ҳʱǵ, ΪʱѩҺ´ѩɽǶȥԲŽƳ, Ȼȥˡ
ʱʵڷѩ̫, ˤ˺ü, ȥͲˣЩоݿѭġ
½ȥԼʱͼݺƳ֮£ȻתƳôȺ, Ⱥĸ׵, ںѲǰһ˵
˵ʱ, Щ, ΪͲסԼ˷, ףֻҪѲ˵ȥĻᣬ֤Ѳ֡
һ˵꣬ɤЩɬ
ἰʱӣδѲ˵Լÿͬ˷ϵֻһʴѷ֮£ȻҲ, û취, Ѳһܲ
в, ֪Ѳ᲻˶Ը
㽫صƳǶôթ, δ򣬰ĸ׺ȻֲŹЩ
˵ôãѲһֱδһԡ
򴽣ģĿѲǰȻץס˺Ѳ°ڣ󣺡£ҡ
ҷԣԿȥ飬аԣͽвú
¼£Բңǡ㣬ȥһòá
ͷ­ٸһ֤Ļᡣ
Ѳһ˵ˡ
ɻʱȷƳûаֻɣڵʱ£һۿľƳһһҲûʲô̫⣬Ҳδǿνľ֮
Ǹʱû֪̫ӣƳһʼֲϲΪʲôҪðݶ飿
ʱһж˳Ȼ
ҲûȥɣЩΪͲġ
ʱƼңƼҵǰֶȤȥƳʲôԹΨһ˼ģƳѡ
ƳʲôʲôĿģǶƳԼ飬˽Ը档
Ⲣûжϵ
µĻȻܾţֻԵȷʼɽЩԭ顣
óĴ⡣
ƳأⲢӼһƳͶ治ɫ˵˵һԡ
֪֮Ƴ֮䣬жٸԡ
Ѳᶯ˶ţϴ
ȻѲڿڣʵ˭ҵġ
һ㶣ص㡣
ңҲ֪˭
룬ϸشӦǸʮŮӡ
˵ģҲֻһˡ
²֪Լ˵һѲȥûȥںѲ˵ˣ˭ȵ͸ҪˣǶ˵ȴľݡ
ϲѲѲԶΰźѲ᲻
£ô𣿡
ѲҡҡͷЩƣȻ֪ˡ
˰֣Ȱȥɡ
¶Ȼ˫£ҾȵƳ
ң
̼ŶĤ
Ѳ룬ӵ֪
̧ʾ⣬һԵѩᣬվһԵ̫ʹ˸ɫ
±̫ûеõȷеĴ𸴣ܾò˵ЩʲôЩºѲ
촽²סĻͷźѲ
űٴδ򿪣չ䡣
Ѳϱ治ϲŭһԵѩȴܲ˿Ϣ
¡
Ѳ̫ʦϣȽǱֱ
ѩּūȥɽ²鴦¡
ûȺѲͷȻһµļС
¥Ѳ޵Զ
Ƴⴺֻ˲һӣ㵽
Ƴڶ˾֪λѲ¥ʱδԸ׼˽ԵƳ¥ʱδô
ѲڶɽƳϲͬʱ̲סɻ
ššüƳͬⴺ߶ô£ƽղæúܣһ𡣽ա
񻨵Ŵ󳨣ͷһ޵滨Ůˡ
סĻͷʲôޱȵһ㡣
ŮתƳ׿
һźبʮ⼸һֱѰˡ
¡
ƳĻȻֹѹµСޱ飬ڵּͫ︡𺡣
µļʹ˵Ŀۼ⣬Ѳ̧ۣԽ¿Ƴ
һŴɰϣԳƵı顣
һв˲Ϣ֮䡣
ͫ׽ΪٴμƳһΪԼͬھҲԡ
浽һ̣ƳĵһӦȻǺ¡
Ȼһ˲䲻֪һ̫࣬תܶ˺ѲָסѲ䣬С
¡Ⱦҡ
΢ȴƳ
Ųʮľ룬ƳѲֳƵĿԡ
һ˲䣬Ƴ˺ܶණ
Զ׼ѲѾ֪ˡ
ƳǸʱʱ⣬ʱҲгһջ¶ûоȥԲѡ
仰˵ǰѲܹԲ˵ǰõϸѯʣ䵱ÿһϸڣ˵á
ģϵѪ
»ؼʱӶѪǷѲģȴֻһ㣬ǺѲϸ룬ضֲܷԡ
ǸӦ侲鲢ûô㣬ǿƲסȥ룬Ѳ˲Ҫˣָĳ棿
һж֮ס
͵ôƾʲôĺ˽϶ϡ
˿ǷôණƾԼŬȡҲҲҪջ
Ϊʲôû
ʱΪʲôҪȥǿЦ֮֮Ҹҹһ˰ˣձ㲻ᷢ˵־硣
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ָ׿۽ģʹ˼
ѲԼ䡣
վϲûԵŭȴƳĬǰ˼ͬƳôˣ
Ƴûлش
˫һգвʵĿƳ
ֱʱȥ־ֱƳ
ֱ۵ĸоǣñ֮ǰҪӶĿˡ
ǰƳģɹǸ̫أ˾мСȴȫȻͬȥǷݹֵĹǸУŮȫƵ˾ɫ
¶ĲϻмƬĺ죬ʾλߵĳ谮
Ƴ̧̨ףȻӸµĿŹڵϵ£϶͵Ц⣬ʣ㣬ô
ָƳƳ
㺦ˣαʡתѲ£ǸЫĳĶ㲻ҪŹ
ѲüĿһ䣬סڣ
Ƴָ
ԼߣȫȻҪͽƳ˼ֻǳ·Ų˵Ǵȥôˣ
һԵ̫æӦ
һܱعž
ƳջԼѲŵ֣һԲվǰ
Ѳһգʣôˡ
ƳԾûлش
Ѳɨܱߵ̫࣬Ƕȥɡ
űϣڱֻʣƳѲˡ
ѲŮµٴǣס֡
˵
Ƴ̧ͷۿ죬뵣ɳƵ
˵Щʲô
ȺѲشƳʣǲǡˣ
Ѳ򴽣Ȼʵô˵
ô˵
⣬αװ
û֤ݣûеôҲԵǱҺЦ
Ƴ˱ۣ
Ƭ̺ϵҲ֪˵ʲôȷ˵Ҫ㡣
ڼžķ䣬ƳһȴеͽûȥѲɫȫƺбѲסֻио
˰ΣѲһ
ƳԽѹѲķӦռѲƢ
Ǿвʹ죬ϸĵףϰԵϣѲס˵ûϵ
ɽţѲЩ䣺ΪʲôһʼҪƭҡ
ƳۿԽĺ죬ͷʣڹ𣿡
Ѳ𣿡
ƳǸˣܲ˺Ѳ
򴽣ɬȻⳡѺõĶ§ס˺ѲίѰҰȫеޣʾõ
ѵΪ˲Ҷ𣿿Ҳ㰡ǽ㵱ʱϲ㣬㣬ʲô취ѽ
Ѳδ̧֣Ƴõֶεһ ޶ԣƳ²˭
û˾ԼҲѹ
֪ʲô˼𡣡
Ƴδ֣Ƶģ§źѲֽ˽֪
ͣҲƭ㣬ҡ
ʵǱ಻תС£ҲҲΧתҾáҪ˵ҾĻԸ˵˵أ
ǰһ޹
Ѳ׾ͻš
ڣһѻԹ᳹ףÿÿ𶼻ޱȻ˵Ѳ˼ӡ
𣿡
ƳץźѲ½ֽ˽ȻȻȻɡ
´û˵
ƳίģʵڲףѵѲΪϲ𣿾㲻Ρ
Ƴ°ͣӣῪϣ㵽˹¶飬˵滰
ʼ¶Ǽٵģôڴ֮Уʲôġ
ദʱĻԶ
϶ϲмһֶΪŮǶǵ̬ȣԼǸζǡ
ЩͬݶһɱԺĲأ
Ƴ̧ͷȴʼʱѲδɫͬ˵
ѲԶһ˿ԼʶĽݣȻԺѲ˵ѻԾϣѲ
ڴ˿̣ռϷ硣
ȻֱĿ˺Ѳ֣ǲҡ
һϲĲңϲǾǸˡǲ֪˲ˣ;ʲô𣿡
Ѳºʱ˵ˣ
ƳЦͷУޱȣأ
Ļ˵һǧ˰ٰŭҲضɣʲôڱڱҵմĹ⣬ȥ˵һҼ̫ǲǣ
ƸһˣҲµĹͲģڻԱҷˣֻҲ˳˶𡣡
Ѳѹѹ㶼ں˵ʲô
ͬ˵˭ȵĹ£¸⣬ƭ˹ôãѵӦý𣿡
Ƴûи㲻ң㶼ˣǻҪ˵ʲô
ָſڣҿûһ滰Ҳϲ㣬𣿡
Ҳˣ㣬ܿİɡȥɡ


57 
, ѲվƳǰ΢, κ, ž˵𡣡

Ƿ϶ˣ첻û, ˵û
ίٴηģˮۼԽԽ, Ƴգ, һգͻ
, ûơ
һҲ˵
Ѳ仰֪ƳΪʲôһֱӱ, һֱڱؾ, ̶ֵƳ, ǲǴʼ, ûаҵĻȥ
Ƴſ, ˵㲻˭㣬Ȼ㲻⣬㵽ڸʲô
˵ƭ㣬Ҷˣ㲻⡣
ѲƳĿ棬ȴмȻ⸱ģ, Ҫɵʲôˡ
֪ܲѲʲô
ƭ, ȻͲǸ޹Ů, , ѲϲһˣĻŮӡ
˵ҾҪһƾˣҪ˽ףҪ裬Ҳ׼Ż⡣
ѲɫЩƣһηƳͨѣ²ȥЩ´δ˵Ļ
Ҫȡˡ
Ƴûȡ֣
Ѳ̾˿֣Ƴ
Ƴٲȥ룬Ҳ֪Ѳˡ
ѲֵΪʲô˵𡣡
ʲô飬ƾʲôҪ˵顣
ƳŴѺѲϣ˵ЩĵĻ
ɺѲȴס꣬ð˵Ĺͣ²㣬ֻҪĽͰˡĴ㿴ˣ⸱ģͷûֱʣ
ͶԸͣѵǽйȥ
˵ԱʵĻԾͿȥ˺һ޹֮ˡ
ѲδͬƳ˵صĻ
ĳһһµƳĿڣһ˲һ־ɵ˼
źѲ޹
ίһ˲ŭãҾô˵Ķԣ뿴¶㰮õģʲôûҾ
Ҳұһ˻ʲô⣬Ҫǽܲߺˡ
ѲֱҪЦˣһֱûԼˣ
ˣҲˣ˵мģ
Ƴδ⼸̶ò˼飬ںѲΪ˵
֪Ҳ֪Ҫ͵κϣ֪¶ƭһǧһ򱶡
ֻץסһ㣬ǰΪʲôҪ˺һ޹ˣ
Ȼ֪Լ˵һ˵Լµ
Ƴ˱ۣ˿һҲٸ˵ˡ
㲻˵ùô㡣
ƳͷһһٵҲҪҡ
ָŴţȥѲĲҪԼ̫ˣȷʵƭ㣬һҲڡ
Ѳɫֱ˪Ƴ֪Լ˵ʲô𣿡
Ƴ
ѲЦһκ˰βŵаɡ
ϣԽƳһԲ߳˷䣬űعϣķƳķ˿
ڼһļž
ƳֻԼһһڿտķ˵ŵһ־硣
ѺѲˡ
Ƴǣ˼
ޱĵͷΨۿеˮһŽһŵڵϡ
ĺûϢ롣
ΪʲôҪΪһᣬֲ鰮Ĵ
ʵ侲Լǳ嶯ˣô˵ҲͬѲϦദ̵ӣҲм˽⡣
²ƫֻһ̫Ҫͨ˰ˣβ˭ʶľܺߡ
Ѳ˵Ķԣ̫ȡˡ
ֻԼίȴɥʧǣƭҪΪѲ͸ɺѲ˻̫ӣǰ˵һǶ趼ΪûбҪ΢
ƳһҲϲѶĶԻҲϲΪ˵
ƳһԼ侲˲۽ǵᣬȥѲм⣬Լǵ˭˭⡣
Ѳֻϵһ壬ΪֺúѲ˵ΥĵĻŵڽ죬ʹþ֮԰¶ѲԾɻ
ӣȷЩˡ
ʶ̬ķչƿʱʶӱܣȻ굽ѲȻҪȻ
ǺѲڶˣڼ̤ѲģȴҪѲ֪Ըԩͷôõ¡
ѲĻǸӡ
˵ˣŸѲ˵Ļû飬ѲҲӦġ
Ұο˰죬ƳɹҵɣԼʹԼѣȻԼȥѺѲһ
ţƳŲŲ˽յĴš
Լ̬˼ŴͬѲǸ鲻ԸŽŲ̵ſߡ
Ȼ֣Щ˷š
չ˻谵ķ䣬ߴſڣǱֱֱֱĿƳ
Ƴ⧲ײ䣬䣬ĿԼί
Ƴһ㶣û𣿡
Ѳ˶ǣûлشתʣҪȥʲô
Ǿȥ㱻Ƴɤû˵ڡ
Ѳס󣬽˴䣬Ȼһ˷š
ԽԽߣץֱԽҧгݰƳǲһ㶼ң
Ƴҡҡͷʲôʱ˵ˣ
ѲԲ⣬ģ
ﵽʲô
Ƴüں˼ʲôô
ѲǹЦ֪˵ˣ
Լأֻ㻹˹ʲôܹԼոն˵ʲô
ƳԼղ˵ʲôˡ
һΪʲô㡪
ƳĻѲ򵥶ֱӶ̫׺ݣŭƳˡ
һǱգѲǿ졣

ԭƳһѲһʣµһҲûˡ
㲻ú˵𣿡
ߣһֱںú˵˭ϸܵġ
Ѳ˵
ƳСĬ죬ûбסȻʼԺѲǰһȻںѲͷί˭˵ģ
ѲֱҪƳŵ˵
Ƴ˵
ֿʼҸղȻˣ˭һµģ
Ѳ㶼й¹ˣ»ʲô
û̫ӣôδ˱΢
˻ҪԼƳǲţԼˡ
źѲĮͰˣѲûôˣҪ˼Ƴίֹ๾ð۾ӯˮ̧§źѲ
ѾĶû𡣡
ŮһϾˮȻ˵úѲְֺ޵Ļģʱ
ʲô취
Ȼûа취ȻҲˡ
ղž§źңҲˣ

Ѳһʱ䲻֪¸˵˭ˡ
Ƭ̺󣬺ѲЭ̧½ڻӲٻеƣȻ󲻷ίĵ˭µ˼
ƳںѲҲû⡣
Ѳ̾˿ͼػؼֱԵͬһһֱΪϲ㡣
仰δȡƳ
ڻѹأĵ֪ѲϲҲ֪Ѳһ˭ϲ˭ˡ
ô˵Ķ޷ϣѲϲֿɰ
Ȼȴһսթ˼ˡ
սҴֻǾ֮ƳȴԼҵһ߲ݶ飬ǰںѲǰ˵ЩͬһϣЩαװͬһС
ӲԼ⸱˼ģúѲ˼
ԣҲںѲԶִ覵ģ
ƳƵģҪ˵ʲô
Ѳ㻹ƭ˹ʲô
²㣬ֻ̹һЩһܸ໥ġ
Ѳ˵Ƴ㲻ڼڣѲûм滰ںѲͻȻĲ֪Ӧôش
ȷ¸Ѳ˵˶ٶ
ʶҪɻأʲôҪҡµȷĲԣҲܾ˻ҵа
Ѳɻȥ
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ҸһȥȻҲҷģһû˵˹ȥ˵Ҫ㡣
㳤ĺã˵ϲ㣬㣬ҪԼһƣϣˡȻɽԼѣȴҰѸ㣬ұһȥˣˣǵһû߳ȥˣʱԼȥ
§źѲֱ۽˽ҲҾ㣬׼
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˵ҾͺˣҲ˵ңȷʵһ˵˰
ôԸȴѽ
Ѳô侲ƳԵƳúøѵ˵ʱѾʵҲˡ
ԭҲ̫Ҫ
ĵСﻹеģȻģ˵ͺˡ
԰գʣǳ֮ء
ƳŴ˼ЩǺѲ֪ġ
޵ǾƲܸѲ𣬵ºͳκ϶ˡ
κƳ;ԼĺòңǺѲ°̫ͣˣǻߵڰף
ʱͬţΪҷҶǸˣȻ˵һԴߣҲͬȥġ
ͷһҲ֪Ϳңıÿ͸κС檡Ҳͬ⣬ҪֱӰ͵κϡ
˵κر£ϲöһȥˣһ϶Ųˡ
Ҷˡ
л˵


58 
Ѳɫ˱, üκ˭
Ƴǵһ̣ԼеΪ, ЩŮĶ֣㿴, ʱҼ޸˵ǲ̫ˣ
Ѳм֣Ȼȷʵʲôˡ
Ƴ, úѲһ£שߵл, һʼԽҵδ, ǵߡ, ˻ҪؼңһҲר顣
ѲĹעȫǰΣôо㻹еź
Ƴһ, ĵүô˼, ͵źʲôѽ, ֲϲ
źѲգգ۾, ϲ㰡硣
Ѳɹ仰ȡ, ŬסĴǣŵû£Ժˡ
Ƴ˵ô࣬͵õѲô򵥵һ䣬΢е㲻⣬ԭúѲһµģֱӰ´ź, ʡԼ֡
һ, ֵľͷǳԡ
Ѳ˫, ʲô
Ƴ㲻, ĺְܹ
Ѳ֪ôش⣬ϸ˵ûʲôо
ѲٻȥעЩԲ̫Ҫˣϲ˭һҲ׵˭
ƳȷʵߣΪԴôˡ
Ƴ̾˿˵ȻҲ֪Ǹ¥ҹҩˡߵʱҺ׷ңһ£ҿõеԼǸԾʳˡ
źѲ䣬һ߻һߵ˵ܹ𣿡
Ѳ֣Ķԡ
ʵЩΪЩƳ෴ǳƳұûǸʲôµóѡ
˵Ѳ𷽲Լ˵Ļ·Ų˵
ƳѾ˺Ѳ˵ʲôһ
Ѳ²˵˺޹֮ˣŽͷˣһʱڲԡ
ԭҲ֪Լ˵ˣƳ󷽣»ؿɲ׼ô˵Ŷ
ѲͷƳĴ»ҲҪƭˣ㿴¶ƭ㡣
ƳҲƭѲ
ƭѲѲûʲôһıҪˡ
֪ԼԺѲЩ̲סűȽϸߵڴΪôЩ꣬δʲô˶ù
Щ֣鰮޹ء
ĻԣǾȹҲЩװƵĻ䡣
Ҳ̫ϲѽҺҪǷûôãͲһˡ
ôᡣ
ѲƳͷĻɵڸ˺Ѳһ衣
֮ƳǷƭ˵Щʲô̹ϣֻƳͷβûϲ
ѲѾ֮£ƳֻԼ࣬һͷ󻼾ʹ˽
ıûʲôҪˣѲ̶ȻߣֻҪɱ˷Ż𣬿¶ûʲôһպѲҲʲôìܡ
Ѳܲȥϲϲɡ
ɿѲ磬Լ𣿡
ѲֻƳһʣġ
顣
Ƴз⣬һֱڵݵ˴ɽҲûôӰû
û뵽Ȼܸ¹һƳƲôģ޷ǾǽݶѲ
δڣѲɫƵĵ⽫ʵĿʹ˵У֮
һٶˣȻѲٸӣҲݲȥ
û˵ȴ˼֮Ҳա
Ǹصĵط֮ҲʵʵȨֻǸˣͷʱҫһضΪЦ
Ƴͷ԰԰
̾˿˵Ұ
ѲھǱʢˣʳĪҪ
²ȥġ
˺ѲĳŵƳһϲ
֪ѲӣȥɱΣѲ鲻ʹԾ١
ǲ±ˣҪԼɾ͹ֲˡ
£һ·û
ƳվںѲǰСʵ·ŵѽ
Ѳ֪Ҫ
ƳŲǸ˵ǳ£úѲŪҲʵϾô˵Ҳȹ
ͬѲ˵ûʵҲǲܣƳ
֮˵ѾȥɶٻӰһںѲеĿǰҲʳʲôвٶʵҲá
ҪԺ󶼲ˡ磬߰ɡ
˵ƳȴûŹ¡
º鲻ܶſ
Ѳȷûɱ£ΪŮ˲ô˵ǾȹҲΪԭͲʲôɱ֮ˣǵ֮ǰ¶ƳĶΪ˽ﲢ¹ĺãҲʲôرʡպǮһСطΪһ顣
ǱԸͻɽ
ͣǺѲԭԱƽٻľ֮Ķ䡣
*
ڸе˺ܾö»һֱڶţһʲô紵ݶͻ֪ͨ
һʱȥˣѲû߳
Ҫ֪ѲڿڳпǳģôöضǷʲô¡
Ȳܾվϣһ¸Ž¯᷿ͷΪ˷ֹҩˣר¯̲ҩ
С㣬ʱү֪˽԰͵᲻ᡭ
ɫһû£ֳɣġ
̧֣ѾʶȤĵݸһյݺõڶϡ
ϱ赡
ͷ㴫һ󼱴ҴҵĽŲڷﶼܵˡ
鲻üʶҪ
Ѿɫǵͨ죬ĿİͰ͵СС㣡ȥɣ
һ仰˵ͷҪ𣿡
Ѿ侲˿ڿˮС㣡Ƿˣˣ
һ羪ס
˶ϲĿĵһӦȴϲá
ǿֻš
дյһûȣžһˤ˵ϡ
ķѡ
Լʣס˵ʲô
ʲô𣿡
ѾҡҡͷСȥɣүѾˣ
үˮҳҲһδȥˡ
Щ̫ʵҵоĿʼ룬ΪʲôҪѹ
ѹͻķգôʱǸŮƳҲˡ
*
֦Լ˯˺ܾá
Ǽ죬ʮꡣ
һܳΣʵޱȡ˺öˣ̫ĸĸʱõδڣ߽СģСԼӳһСµǸɰŮ
ĺϲǸСŮڱ֮ʱԼеĸ鶼ǸСϡ
򵥼ˣȫ
ʱֲ֦֪ϦǺϦĸо
ܱ߼žһƬͷߵ
۾Ҳ֪Ա˶á
ʮȥͲʱģĹٳ˯ʱ˸ܵѹ۵ڣЩӶû˯á
ĬĬƿĿ⡣
˼Ծδܳ״ξгأԼ˺ܶ಻Ե£ۻڿ˵
ʲôı䲻ˡ
ˣӦ˰ɡ
ٸһˡôСҲӦðѶĺչ¶ںϣ´ҪͲپܾˣҪϽӻؼңɽطһҲãʲôûУҪھǸÿСȹӡ
֦ţ̲ס˴ǡ
˶ָȴԼֱѣȻһ㱻ѡ
һ£ȻӸЦ⣬Щ׽ס֦֣֦֦ˡ
֦£ûڴĿ֪һŮ
ǰֻ֦˵һŮ˵һŮ
е뾪ϲæҡ֪̫ãȳԵ㶫
֦ҡҡͷеҪȥӻɽأꡣ
 رɰҼÿŮޣ˵ĺܣң޵ģȥ
Ȼ⻰ĲԾ
֦˵ɽ֣֤
ǣȷһŮ
ʮ飬ʮĽ죬˵ء
ãһȥ
֦Ը⣬ھȥ
ʱСүˣүˡ
ȱ
֦üƾʲôðС֣а
䣬˽
ŴˮҳֻüһɾЬˮ
֦ڴĿſڣȴһߴˣһϳΪʲôôˡ
ĸס
֦סҵļһ̺ͣһ㣬ʱĺ̼;һУһֱԵģʮججӣ
ԭѾȥʮһˡ
ôˡ
޵СŮأʮһȥ
Ҳ᲻ء
л˵
Ŷ


59 
֦Ц⽩Ӳ, ۿ˲ͺˣˮӯ, ̧̧, ҪȻһ㣬ʧ̬ȴ¡
һʱЩ, ǰֵһ䣺ĸס
֦˰, , û¡
ȥ֦ϵˮ, Ҫޣ֦֦
֦ͷ˫, ļ, ķ˿, ϡ
ʮһ, ʮһꡣ
ʮԸıܶණ, ֪ǸСŮڵʱôҲ֪Ƽһ᲻úö֪Ƿ񻹻ţǷ񻹼ǵ
֦ʵô졭
Ҳ֪ڲɽҪôҵ
, һ, ȴֱ֦, 㲻Ѿҵ𡣡
Ƴ
Ƴ, Ϥֽ֦һŸոմξ룬еļ䶼ޱȣ޷ϣֻһ׶һ׶ε¡
ˣͽƳ
ƳСʱһССĹʲôҪһȻȻĽ
ϲİ§ڻȻͻָԼգ˵ҪײŲ£
ȥˣ˳ͻرģȻ§㲻֡ɲģҲûйϵԹ§ĸ첲˫ѰĴ۾㣬Ȼ˵ҪŶ
ϲ׽һãͻ㡣ҪǶãգ۾Ϊʲôϲء
˵ʱ촽ƳСʱ˵Լ˵˵;Ͳˣֵչ𣬵ô˵ʱô˻һϡ
Ȼöֱ̾סԼͣ͵Ц
ʱ֦ǶƳ˵Ǹ׹֣ÿÿƳ˶ǳģŤͷԸ
ûһСᣬͻ͵͵Ư۾ɻΪʲôأ
֦Щֶƻ飬ʵѾȥʮˡ
Ȼ̼䣬һЦ̴Ժ
ͷЦŶ˵ˣҽƳŶ
ͬŮغϡ
ŮȥʱӤʣͤͤ
·ؿ̫ˣŮţˡ
ԣ
ǳģôӻ
˷֪ܵɣһã
ĺÿɰһϲģ
䣬һɫ԰׵Ůӣ֦ĿһʼЩɻ󣬺ڱ˭ϤбһһĴ
ĿɨÿһˣȻ֦ϣſڣס
֦ŬҪƳغϣʵǣǵȷͬһˡ
ӿŲܹȥȻվ֦Ĵǰϲˣڸоô
ץס֦ĸ첲ȻЩԸ֦ѹ֦ôôĸףĵԾɶĸ顣
һʱ˳ȻҲܵյĽ֡
Щԣ˿ȴδ
ףôˣ
һ֦ﾹ̶ޱȡ
ֱ˿̣ҵļϣģļʮУڳ׵ıһ
ǰŮ顣
֡
ţ˲֮ǰͬĳһͷĶԻ
ŮϲˣԽԽãѽ
Ҳϲ
Сʱϲɺ׵ӲһˣҾͲҪˡ
֦˱ץֱۡ
һգеĿֻҲ޷Ŵ۾ǿסˮʣôˣס
֦֪ԼôЩ궼ЩʲôһƳʱĳ
ƳϳȴûϣѾʧԸĵס
֦סؿڣķɿ졣
ͬȳȥ
鲻⣬۰ĸײ˵ֻ
Ϊʲôôˣ
ҡʲô𣿡
֦˱ۣǨŭ飬ԼµĴ飬Ƴȴϲ
ú޵Լˡ
ǵ飬Ĵڲϵ׶ʲô
Ƴ˵ЩԣЩĳ谮ֺģԼƳվߣָģڴ˿̳˴С
侲ԼˣܸƢ
ȳȥʱ뿴㡣
Ҳŵ飬𣿡
ԽίһȴδĻ֦ͣǰƫƫߣŵҲߣ
ǿס֦֣ףƾʲôҶȴҪ߰
ʣǲʲôˣԼŮͲҪˣ
ֹ飬סڣ
ƫƫɤӵƾʲôҲŮʧôƾʲôҪ㣬ҵļˣ
֦ٴγԼ֣Ŀ⿴飬Զ֪㡣
ƾʲôū֮Ůū֮ūҰң㵱ʮС㣬˵ƾʲô
ס
̧֦֣ȥ
Ƭ̺߳ţͷһƬžеǼˡ
̧ͷֻ֦мˣֲĿܡ
*
ƳҲǴ֮󣬲ŵ֪Щ̫°ڶϽǵһƫ
Ѳ峿Ǵ֮󣬾ûΪνĶ棬Ѳδȫ·ֻǷԸͻɽ
Ҳ˺Ƴ˵ҲһŮһеĻصɽ;˻ڵִɽʱʮӣЩǮɽСط
ѲҲδ飬ϲż£˽ˡ
ƳЩϢڶ˵һӣŻӰˣڶ˵з
Ѳվδ
Ƴδ˯һᣬױһ´ⴺ˶
ѲƳûз֮ģȥƳÿնڸЩʲôȥƳ˵Щʲôͬʲôн
֮ڣֻҪֳʲôر˼ƳΣѲȥ
Դ˭뿪ô뿪£ͱΪ򵥡
ãһһͱִ붫ﴦһССջµһԼĪʮͷ
ԭҲʲôǳҪĴ£òŴ󶯸ɸꡣ
һ·Ȱ˵޹֮±סµ˫֣죬ڷ·;ңԶԼһ˳ȥðһ·̲
ƳŶñƿŽȥʱԼ⿪ӡ
ľ֨ѽһ죬¶ס̧ͷȥ
紵һ۰ɴȹĹﾲǰ紺պŵǾޱᣴŮʣɴζԼŮѩ׵򢡣
ףǡ
ľٴαϣŮƿɴ¶һ˾ɫ
õ̾һȻµ㣬ּˡ
Ȼľӣ
µ챻ţɴ˫ͫ׽һ˲ϤĿ־
ƳȡñȻ󻺲߽¡
¿ʼƲסĲʵ̫ϤܱյķƳΪôµĶһ˲䣬Ͳٱˡ
ֻϣԼԻ
ƳȻᡣ
λ꣬ϴξΪŹŽԼһֱѾвƳԼʵ̫޵ˡ
Ųһô˻ϡ
һ˵ķʽǳ򵥡
óһѷźذףõµ׼󺰴Ŷ㡣
¸ҷԣڵŹԼ
ƳõĶ
²ƳҶԲ㡭ǸŮġ
ҡһɽҲˡ
Ƴɲ˵Щķϻġ
ӽ£ĿĲɨӡ
¾Լһͷ׵
˱ۣ־ӣģĲˡ
ϲ°ɣٺңôҾ
ƳԵ˵һ䣺ȷʵҪлл㰡
˿ڿˮҡ֪²ңұϾɱҡںεأ϶ᡪ
͡
һдƤ⣬ЩϲС
µĻȻֹ
Ƴذ״¸Ѫ̶Ƴһ
ԤһͱӦ²ͱԴȻ
֮ʣǻλá
Ƴվڵһ£Щߡ
Ȼٴˡ
˵һҲ̫ܻ
ʵƳ²һִġ
ΪһʼϵģµĲӡ
л˵
˸ʰٷְٵĳ齱
ʲôֻҪĶʰٷ֮٣ͿԶ
ܿ
һǰСʱ


60 ͻ
˿Ѫ, Ƭ̱ڵذӿһ̯ĺ죬ƳЬմ˲Ѫ
ʵ, ȫƳԶ, ƳϲΪñܾòġ
¸ô, ֱܵ˼
ȻûжڵԼ˿, һ˵бѪ
Ƴ, һƬѪµͷ, µ۾ѱѪģ޸Ҳڲͣ˥ˣƳԼ˵û, ûɱŶ
Ƴȷʵûɱˡ
޶ǺѲ, Ůĺޱ, ߵ, ˫ȴǸɾġ
ûа취Ƴɱ, ΪڸоԼڲͣţȻƳȡȾҡ
ƳĲ£֮ҲͻȻģ˺Ѳ
ָо΢Ȼûֹ֣ȴɹԥˡȷʵе㺦½ʱ°¶, ûת, Ѳʧ, ǺѲӰԶԶֹƻĵز, һ˲ѡһн⡣
Ȼն־ͺˡ
Ǹһ˿Ȼأܲܰµϰɡ
ƳҲٲһˣܾöԲղԼԥ·Ȼذ׷ŽԼ
պһ㣬Ǹ˵ԼɱȥұϾһһһʹɡ
ʹƳŪƳԼǳ֪ǰѸոմ̴ذǶô
Ƴַļͷ޷ģڵһδ˼Ҫ̵ǸԼ˵ģصɽȻҲ
ŵ̶̵ļ䣬зɿ뷨
Ǿһδ˼Ҫͷ΢ı仯
Ƴʵ̫ˣؿھǰֻҪһ̧ͿԽذ״̽ࡣ
Ȼذ׸ϵӣȥȣһá
㣿
Ŵ֪Լ¾һݣȻڵʯȻһ̧׼Ƴؿںݺݴ˹ȥ
Ƴȴ˲ǯס֣Ȼذףһµࡣ
ˣƳڳƵɱ˵һˡ
һһΪԱ
ۼǰ۾Ƴ˫ֿƲסЩ
ΪԼҵɡ
αװɱǿ϶ˡ
Ƴ侲ĽذװγڵϣȻһѪĴ򿪷ţⴺͫ΢ȴѹеľ壬һ
Ƴһɡ
*
Ȼգʹڵȴͬ
ǰʥϵĲתȻܹϳ
Ѳĸݣȵõ㣬ΪճӣӶغʱƲϾžޣȴԿǿ֮ģ˳Ȼļ̳лλ
λȵϢĹߣһϳĸ£ľֻǺ꽥ڹģʼھɫ
ȻжλΪܳ裬ԺյĻʺ֮λЩԾ˵ǼٳҲǴƷӡ
Ѳĸ׵ȷǸڸ涼ΪŮӣ˺ݽ֮ᷢޣӰ죬ݱǸΪչƵˣ̫ӱճǸٹ̡
ʶֻҪѲıȰشպ󲻳⣬һϻλġ
ͬʱΪѲ밴ߣһܲ̫֮ڷΪָԶںѲҪΪϸ
գ̫ϣλԣ
Ѳվڵ£ͬ˺㲻ٳ
ԾɼǹƳ
ԴƳ붫Ѳڳ֮״ԽĶ࣬ʱĻ̫ӿƶһľڴܸпϽ飬΢΢šüģ˼
ȷʵ˼
ֻ˼ĳĳȹӲʲҪҪŪƥҲƳѡ
յ鲢࣬Ȼٽʱݺ޽̫Ϊҹͣࡣ
ʱἰѲɲʲô£ѲɫģΪʷǣǶ֮ҡ
ݸŻͷʹˣ̫ӶЩǣ̫Ӷ꣬ҲʱȢˡ
Ѳ
δ䣬ȴȫȻѲ˵ĻᣬвЦ⣬֪ڴˣʶҲָͬ˵˭ˡֶ̫գ㶨ˡ
֣̫һƲʥּˣڴ֮ǰѲδ˿紵ݶٲȻǿڴʱּ˿ѲܾĻᡣ
ʵ۵ͻڴ֮ڣ޹һŮ蹳Ҽ£Уع£䡣ǡ˻ᣬͻ
Ѳ£̫൱ʥּŻƲվںѲǰѵ¡
Ѳ̧ͷ˫ƽ˫ڣ̲ƣ羯档
*
ƳضѻһѣԡڷڵȺѲ
ĺɫĺϣʱ䣬Ѳһʱ
ⴺ̵¯ԣŪͷҡ
ûµģū澶Եµ˽⣬׷µʧһ¡
ƳȻ֪Ѳ׷ֻΪֹǶЩ¡
һ㶼ԼճѪʵıĸӵʱϾѾɾˡ
̾˿Ƴ÷ʵڷƣƿ˷˳ȥ
£ͬⴺһͬ߳˻Ӱ󣬴ڶ
ղ֪ΪΣѲʱ˾ûǻˣҲ˴ԼŻἸ
վҲû˴Ƴδ·ϣĵȥԻҲ
ֱúһ̫һλɣСҪ
ƳҪСˣͻȻԼòֱ۸˰ɡ
Ҳûϵܲڰһ˰ɡ
ƳţǼ
ɣʱ΢΢ϴĨ죬һͼסƳ䡣
ơơ㣡
Ƴšüһ㶼˽㣬˺е֡
Ƴʣʲô𣿡
ɣ裺У
ǡǽ졭
һ仰û˵꣬ɣȻע⵽ܱվ˲̫࣬ԹһתһأԭĻ˻ȥҽر㣡
԰գûСĴָʾԵĹ˹Ƴġ
ͼҸû˵ĵط˵
Ƴ
ֳأǸ˵ϲǵ¡
ɣСøˣǡ
ǶɣİʾɣصӰһأƳʣôˣ
ɣ˵ص㣬ĿİͰ͵ͻ飡½ձʥϴͻˣ
Ƴһ㶣ʲô
ɣĵɣƳ治֪
һڹڴˣɣ֪ƳԭΪôƳ϶֪ˣżȻ֪Ѳ²ôض
֪ƳϲѲڹҲûעԵʹ̫˸˳
ɣһˣǺ蹳㣡
ʲôʱ£
ϡϳʱҡǡ̫ԣ˵ġ
л˵
û¿ԹҵרϲĸǸ
ղ˳Կղϵ


61 
һʱһļž
Ƴɫĵˮ, ֪ѲΪ, ɼ, ݵ΢ܳΪ̫
ڸʱ֪һǺźѲս, δ˵檣ֻ, ǺԺѲɼĵط
Ѳ֮, һݵλǵ蹵
蹵, ڳѲ˿Ⱳ޷ԽĶ
ƳͷһŨҵĲ
ȻӺ֪Լжϲ̨, Ҳ֪ԼܳΪѲ, Ȼơ
ܾԼ·һ֮ڡ
ݵλ, ۽, ԼЩٹ̵˼롣
ɭϵĵȼ֮, ҪС䲻ϺѲ֪֮ĳ;һӣ۳ԲõˣᱻΪ̶ʾ
ƤЭӭϣŬӦ, Ȼͬһ, Ѿ˼λ
һĹǡ
ʲô, ñ׵Ķ, һϲñ߹
ϱڱı
Գ˭˭䣬ʵ̫޴
ƳԼ䣬з뷨
ѲҪȢҲǲУʱίһ£ʱϻʵһλ̫ã̫ĸΣʱգ˭֪˭µ֡
ںѲİ᲻ᱻߣⲻҪ
̣Ƴб˾ϡ
ûڣɣЦŵ㲻ҪҪģ
ƳŲᵣģֻе㷳һû¡
ɣڡھܻ
Ƴ
˵ʲô
ɣ򴽣һ˵ĻЩµھܻˣ
Ƴɫڱ˱䣬һӦǾһϲǻȻվʧѲûɣ
Ҳ˵ʥϴͻ飬ѲҹȻʥϵӡ
͵蹳ģɲԼݵš
ɣͷһ㣬֪ƳΪʲôģ㶵ҡҾ͡˵ġ
Ƴɿ죬˽⳯þƣҲ֪Ȩϣ̫ӶҪ
ۣѲ໢㹫ȻּǸ©
ЩʵǳƳϣСǲڲԼüΪʲôû˸ң
ɣ²áɣ
ǺѲܸɳ¡
̫˼ˣϵѲΪȻܻ顣
Ƴżͷƺһ˿Լ̫ʲô
ֻڸС˵ʵ̫ˣ뿪һƿţҪԼȥʡ
ǡʱӰû֣һѾߣԱ߸ŵǶ̫࣬ʱɫЩ̫ÿͬλ˵ʲô
ƳٿȻסŲ
в²⡣
లȺ߽򴽣ϵı鷢΢ı仯
ûһᣬһ˱Ƴǰ
ӵĿʵ̫ԣӣƳϰߡ
һλڵλƹɡ
Ƴɫ컹Щλǡ
ЦﲻؽţҵǷ̫֮ȥٹһ𡣡
*
ʵԶֹɣ
îʱĩ
̫ھһƬš
͡
޷׵Ļ¹Ļ̫ǰǾʥּԾģ˽ա
¶̬ĵѹٹ
̫ѣ£
Ѳ̧ͷֱգͻᶨÿ˵ĶС
ˡ޷
ݴźѲɫ΢ĿԼŭ
˰Σ֪Լ˵ʲô
Ѳ֪ǣޥģոʴͻǶиȻʣ֮ˣѳŵȢΪޡ
ױʽ̵Զţ˶Ϊ̫ӡ
˶٣ֵ˳ڣټԵ򲻿ɵڶϡ
Ѳˡ
ԶǸ̫ӣϵǹɽĵĴݣǻѹȸУ׾;ư顣
ĵףʵԶء
ǻӵӦ˵ĵط
Ծǵھܻ飬Ҳ蹳ӣһ㹻ߵλã̸ֻ͡
Σݲŭǿּ𡣡
Ѳ֣ͷҡ
˵ŲңǾʥּȴû˿Ҫӵ˼
ǣŭңҵĺܣ
һ쳹
šüǰһѲϢŭǳ֪࣬ų嶯¡
͸ѣŶׯ̫ѡ²ٿǿǡ
̫֣޷ǾڸߺѲϲ˭û£ɽӵ̫һ£ɺ֡
ݲδȻҲڸѲᡣ
Ѳȴлδˣѿ
¡
Цһ޽ǷҪȢأ
ɫӸµĿŽᴢͷԽĽ
ҪҪʧأվλͼ˵ѲѲԾɲΪ
ɫ糣ȴᶨޱȣظˡܴ
Ѳ˾ɹȻƾȨݱͼܲô䣬˷Ѳһ
һԵ̫æŲˮݸǰϢŭΪذ
ݽӹյȴȻĿ֮½յ͵Ѳ
һڴ֮ڡ
Ѳ˿δ㣬ˮʪѡ
󳼹һأ׷׵Ϣŭ
ѲڵϣϢŭ
ݴ˫Ŀ΢ͻָźѲһ飬治Ȣ
Ѳδ˿ԥȴᶨޱȣ治Ȣ
һ˲䣬ݺѪӿɿ죬βһ£ŭģֱֱĵȥ
£
û
ݵĲȥȥ÷ˣʱ˵ˣնҪҩžĲмѲڴʱһ޷ѩϼ˪
ʥٴβѲһֱ㻤ҡ
̫󶼾ֱԺѲΪһ·ŮΥʥ˴󲻾
֮һ죬ڶΣ
Ѳ̫ͬӲһ
̫ȢһŮΪޣҲʱ̫Ҳ˱Ľһűų̫֮ӱ⾩֮˰㡣
ѲᣬֶȴҰ֪ҪӻĳӥԳģȨ
λҲǽֻӵһʼڹԼȨھʵزԴ֮λѾõԾɲ
ȻҲ֪㡣
ֻ⼸꣬Ѳ͵ԺݼΪǴӣҲʲôֵľٴ롣֮ҲԼʱ޶࣬ԶںѲȨһֻ۱һֻۣڽպѲȻּ棬û˵̫޷صĻ
һĨƱڰɣѲƫ֮ڣʣˡ
ѩѾ͸Ĳˮ£Ѿտ»ġ
Ѳ򴽣ʣǸ𡣡
ѩһʱδѲѾ˼
ͬʵ֮ǰǳⲻͬѲԺС
ȻҲѲͬĵطڶֳͬȣѲǺϲĶӡ
ʶʱѲʱģ׵ĺѲһߺŪһۡ
Ǵ½ձҪһʵںزʱ
·ģ̫ҽֻգ֡ŭģŻ˯ľһЩ
ձ±ѹҲصģЩŰɡ
Ѳǰķһ֣֮Ծһδ
ѲαϣɫЩƣȥɡ
ѩĬĬǡ
ٳȥʱѲֽס
Ƴ
ѩᣬ£ū֮ԣ²׼ƹǰڵȥء
ѲԣӲںͻ֡
ȷΥ游ʡ
Ƴ޷ݵĴڶҪƳԴ󷽷վ࣬Ҫ˹ʱʶӣҪýȢҪٹ⣬Ӵ˲ʱơ
֪˵һǧһĵطЩ˶ƳܻдΨһߣܳ׶ž
˯ȹˡ
˵½æٻȥ
ѩӦǣ¡
ѩѲһ𳤴Ȼ֪ѲƳ⡣
գǷݾ֮ҴʱߵĺѲŻ·ء
ƳԣǼ¸߸̧£ֻΪµԭ¡
ѩԣԸ֮Ϊ
ǵΪƹԸ
ԽգѲ°ѲŻڳ֮ϣȢΪޡ
ʲôԶţֳŵʱȵİ
л˵
һ£û˵Ϊ춼ڼ֦˼ΰѳӻûϰࡣ
Ȼ󣬴ҿȥ
дһԤİ
Сɰ¡ʱĸߴϵģ
xС
ȥȥ
ˣһ˵
۷


62 
ԼĪһʱ, Ѳٴλص巵̫ҽԾͷ, ڲɽ¯, 𣬳һֱߡ
ѲյȷĲᣬҲƲȫ, ϰۡ
Ѳȥʱø̫ҽ޷׵̫ҽͷ, ʥϻ߶Ҫ
Ѳһ, Ȼ󻺲˽
ͷ˲ٹŮ̫, λǧĵĹһ²Ӵǰгյ, һЩɡĪҪӡ
Ѳȥ, 㽫յһ, վ, ͬ, ̫ˡ
һ£۾ѲȻһƬžг¡
ѲӦء
ȻѾ侲Ķֱ̧̧ۣ࣬ʾȥ˸ӣ˳ȥ
ݷŻ, ǵ𡣡
Ѳںݴǰ, ֱͦ, ˡ
ɫԽƣ, Цʱ޶࣬ܲˡ
Ѳʵͬ٣򲻿˵ֻ
¶м޴ǰΪТ˳ȴһŮޣͬǸ磬ûһģ
һŮӣͷԣ鰮޿û಻塣
ѲٲȻһôڵģ
򴽣⸱ģԽߣ㵽׶޵ģ
ѲȻ֪
ּҷģûףϸ׳Ƴ
ֳҲô˵ģ
Ѳͷٶԡ
֪ݵ˼֮⳯ڣ̸ڣȨҴһ²ƽֻ˶εѡǣƽ⡣
ֱ׶֮£ŮΪ󣬼ĬϰĹأ򶨻ϲӶһϵ鷳
ǺѲҵһԵֵһ幥Ƶˣ̸ס
ѲݶͣʲϿԼЭԹ̻Ȩķʽ
ѵҪĺ𣿡
Ѳ֪ҲΪ룬ȷٸ⡣
Ϊ˱ҹζֱ࣬ӱļѾ
ӣ˵һ任ǰԼǾԲ˵Ļ޷ã븸ʴͻ顣
ûгһʱ֮Ĭ
һֱ֪ѲǰƹʵҪ
ԺѲ
ǫ츳׿ɳսڳƾʮһֳŷ
Լųĺӣ֪ԻλʵִΪ̫ӣ˵̰Ȩƣ˵Ϊ˼ϿΡ
ѲʣŶ
ᣬڿտů޹ȴƴŲɵ̾һֻƣޱȣܲ˺ѲȴֲĲһеı
ûг۾ֱ̧ۻ˻ӡ
ʾ°ɡ
Э
֪ʲôʱ𣬸ǼӲı۰Ѿȥ̧ʱ󴦹ǽͻơ
һףĲһĵơ
Ѳߵлʡ
Ѳ巵ʱѾȼ;϶˲ٿݵɻӡ
ѲһţͺſڵѩȲĵ£ŴϢ̫˹ƹ
Ѳüͷһ壬Ѿˣ
ѩϢѾԼĪһˣźѲһ̸ֱͬδȥš
Ѳȥٹ
䣬ǰͷ±һϤס
ƼѲ¶Ц⣬٣֣ɰ
Ѳһۣ;ᷳȫ˹ȥ
Ҳգ
ѲסŲʲô£˵
ŻֽΪһŮڳùȻܻ飬ҵģ
ѲǲҪˡ
һЦ߽˺Ѳ֮ˣǳɡ
ѲüĿһ䣬ʴ˼ɱ⣺˵ʲô
ͬѲ룬Ǻ۹⣬ɰƽ⣬Ҳϲ
ֻ̫ϧˣõϲ㣬򡪡
һ仰û˵꣬Ѳ֣ǿƵס˺ĲڳɱŲŹ¸ͷ
类̧ͷΪɫЩ죬ȴδӰĿĶϺѲĿ⣬
ְ
˴ѩ̲סѵ¡
ƳٹݲúѲൢ顣
Ȼ֣ײľ֮ϡ
վʱѲȻ뿪
*
Ƴ֪ǰŲ뿪ͷ㵽˶ǽ⡣
ԭǲôƳҲǷ˵־֮󣬲ŶҪھƳǷԸȥͷ
һʼԭҪֱ࣬ͬʥ£ȴǱͶƳпǷ˺¸ΪһУҪʹƳ
˵Ƕ׼˰죬Ƴڶ
ʱƳ࣬ýʱһ㡣
Ƴ˫ֵڸǰ·𳤵Ŀͷ˽δһʱЩĬ
ƳƬ̣ĿɨϹŮŻڵλ֣֪̫к£
⻰ʳ˶ûлشƳûһ㡣
̫Ͱˣһʲôӡ
ƳסŲǰע⵽Ƴͣ˲תƳĿ͸ž⣬ƣʲô
ƳλǷ̫֮ǰѰң̫кʱλȴ˵ȻòǼٽּ̫⣬ҳɡ
Ǹ۵ԱķЦߵ¥࣬⹬˭ʶãڲ㣿
ʰҲͷߵˡ
̫ʲôﻹõɣСѾͷֱ֪޴˵̫ӹҲˣһϲ̨ĹŮˡ
ֻǴ֮ͥ£ȥɲʲô£㻺ﲻصģֻŵѲɹȣ
ģ껰ū澼ٽͻ
ƳҲָʳʲôֻ⻰̫ʵѲֶ֪¡
ɣԣ蹳̫ߵˣѲ˾Ƿϵ棬λʺˣǻʵĬ¿ɼ
Ƴֱ˷ûʲô£ĵЩ˸òΪ˽кѲʵʵȢ蹳ֱӽŽͷɡ
ȥѲĳ谮ޱŪ˿ܻúѲ⣬ҲǣʲôԵϵ
Ƿͷ˹ԹԹȥҲûʲôӡ
ˣν
ЩȨһһȨУˡ
ô˵ܵȥһѡ
ͲţѲϲҪȢ̫ͽɥȪҲһ°ɣô޷졣
ΪʹأƳһϤܹо⼸˴ߵһС·һӣٹ
ھһƬѬǳְվŵţһ̫
Ƴ˰죬ҲûԺ¶档
ֻȳģһϤܽ档
´Ƴһ䣺ƹɡ
蹳
л˵
˼˼ٵ


63 
ƳǰŮӡ
Ĳ˵, ˻ָͦ죬ϴƳһõĲ, ˶һ, Ų죬ȻͿվˡ
˴Ůɣżȴ͸ž, һܽʩ죬Ů㡣
ϻŲŪҵ, ƳĿ⼸Ρ
Ƴϰ, Ҳ, ʲô𣿡
蹳еݸŮڻͷϢȵһɡ
Ƴ
Ϣ˻, ֵѾ˵Ǻˡ
蹳̧̧, 
Ȼټһ, ƳĿûһ, 蹳Ҳǿһ, ֱԵԭλ´´Ůӡ
Ƴ⣬ЩλȨ΢ıȻֻѧʢ
ƳҲٿǰװĴʵ̫࣬ڵķǳޣǶ蹳ּȫ޷䵹ˡ
ǹؾǽձµھܻλɡ
Ѳ蹳ظ, ƳŲ, ʹ
̫ǰСҲ, 蹳ʲô
蹳üͷһ, ֻһ㣬ֺαҡ
ƳҲһʰ
´ڳЩŵģݵԭҴʹˣҲǹ
蹳Ůӹ涼ûʲô
ƳȷʵûʲôҲû˽⡣
蹳ֺһῴˡ
ôˣ
Ƴʵһɱɱˣԭ΢Щͬ蹳ڿŮԽԽ̫Ҳû蹳Ҳ˽Ρ
Ƴ۹ȷʵЩߣѰϡ
蹳һ죺㡭
Ƴͷʣѵ˵۹ǳϹ˲ſ𣿡
蹳æȻǣ
Ůˣ˭㵨ǰ˷
ƳΪλ
蹳źһŮԱţʵݣЦڣйŮͷСܽ
ͣ蹳ߵ˵˾ʲô
蹳üһʱԼˡ
˵˭
Ůظһ飺ˡ
ة
ŮҡҡͷϺةˡ
˵󹬲ø̫Ҳñӣ⳼зڻʲôҪʱŻ
蹳ź̫ԣɴδ˵ͬϸʲôϵ
ϾǵҷΪңһڵһǵͬҷּҷֳһ֡
ǲҲᣬһ˾ͶȨʱ˵Ǹʵһ
ڣԼһ£λȨأЩ˼Ҳȫ⼸궼Գ͢ĸ֮¶ʲô
һֱ΢Ĵһλá
ɷϣȨɲɺӡ
ͻȻ̫Ҳ̫ϡˣֻˣôˣ
蹳ֱʲô£ʣ֪𣿡
Ůҡҡͷ»Ϣ¶һΣ֪Ҳֹ
˵Ϊʲô
Ůҡҡͷֻ̫
蹳Ƭ̣Ƚȥڡ
ŮӦ߽
ƳԶ̫˵ʲôֻ蹳šüʲôһ㡣
ûһۣûʲôϵ
һ蹳汻һλŷӺŮˣ̫ѹʮͷѻףȴȣƳñһ͵ĻʵҪöˡ
̫ĿƳϡ
ִŵӵģӵĿ⡣
Ƴ̧̧̫̫֣ͬɡ
蹳̫ʦϣ蹳ӣĽ¯̫¡ʣڣҪƹȥƫš
̫ɨһƳˡ
ôƳðҲǸСԱҲûעҪͬ˵ʲô蹳ٴȥҲԡ
һߣͬ˵˵
̰ͼٻûдʹСѾͷԼλá
ֺѲĳ谮ΪΪպһʧ裬ľ¼һ̫ӶߵˣҲ᱿ȥ׸ôԼе
Ƴһԡ
֪̫ҪӼһˣ֪Ӽ˭
ֱŲƳĵĿſڡ
Ȼͼ߽
ӹʲô֣
Ƴɻ֮ʱ㾶ֱ˹
ƳһžͷĿΪӣƳݡ²⣬ȴɫҲûõȥ
ʯ䣬ƳԵˡ
ô̵ʱ䣬Զȥ˴ɽôֻʣһֿܡ
ָ֦˼䡣
΢΢ƳջĿ⣬ͬһԵһ㾲Աߡ
֮ǰûָܸʲôرʵʵİʲôˡ
һƣȫȷʵĲѡ
ҪĿ꣬ںѲϡ
Ѳɱʲôҿ׶ˡ
Ȼָ֦䣬˶Ҳһ¡
ֻĿǰҲ֪ҶŮӳ̶ȡ
̽̽ɡ
վʱˣƳЩӲᴸ˴һĻԱ۵ס
ܣһΣҲˡ
̫üĿЦϽôпճ
䣬ͼƳǱ߿ʹ˸ɫ蹳̻⣬̨ףҿóǰߡ
Ƴûж蹳ɫ˱䣬мԴΥ̫
̫״ɺڷûƳȥƫ˭ѾͷǸôʶɫġ
̾˿Ϊ˺ͻգ̶λ̫ν֮ˣ׾ϲʲǫ̂棬Ψһܿˡ
λЦˡ
ɫ䣬ջĿ⣬Ҿһϻûж˵ʵ˴ιǹƹ¡
̫һüɨһƳƹĪʶ̫ӴҰصŮӣ
һʱЩͣƳҰŮ
̫Ծɲ֪ʲô˼ϸƳģһŮѲվܻܵҲҵĻ飬ͬʲôϵ
Զ㲻˹ǰٹΪŮӣ
Цⲻ˻ν⣿
Ƴǳ˵Ů
˻һܱ߼žһƬ
蹳һͫ΢ҪԼˡ
ã̫ŵϣ˵ʲô
ظһ飬ƳŮ
˶٣δԼƳʧѾãΪ״ЩƳҥԡ
תڹƧ֮ǡɾ˵£ű
ճԭҪȥŮӻأǡ˵⣬ð
԰գһԵҲ̲ס嶯˵˾伸Ǵ󲻾Ļ
Ի̫ԣƳҲǹŮϻ۾Ŵ󷽣ͬ׾˿ϵǡá
л˵



64 
뵽, ڽű֪ģҪСѾͷ, Ȼҡһҵ顣
ƳԼЩ, ԵǿЦ޴
֮⣬ĻԳƵ·ϣĬһ, δֹ
ͬƣģ, ̫, ҲĳǴ
ƳʱԴ, ࿴ɫ
ڴʱͣһʱ˳Ψϵɢ
Ҫά, ˰, ̫ų, ة, ҽаԣ
ͷ, ̫ˡ븸˼Уһʱڲԡ
ʵ̫˼ԭֻƳ棬ٲȻս뿪ƳִⲻϣҸɱҲɡ
СѾͷȻŮ
̫ɤ, Ȼֻ̫ӽΪһŮӵھܻ, Ůǵ̫ˡ
ҵϾǵĶѫ, λȨֶٶе, Գ֮ǰһŮǸģŮˡ
ѹΪ̫󣬵ϾŤȨ֯״ֲ̬òΪԼĸ忼ǣϸӣΪá
ŽһᣬϾ׷ˡ
ˣϲЩлСڰԱ˵˵ҲðٹЩ
ƳĬĬţĵ̫˿죬λ̫ڵԼСǰصˡ
ֲͣԣȥ
ϲǰ㣬ﲻҪ
̫󣺡
ƽվ˵ةڳֱԽɣ˽ڻʵǰ˵ô棬տǼʶˡ
˭˲֪齾ݣֳ֣ǰȻ̫֣Ҳǳϲੲݵ졣
ˣةˡ
ƳЦƳôһʼʱ㲻˵ϵĹϵỹⷬƺƴĹ
˵ĵǺһʼʹʲô
û̫⸱ŬΪԼ˵Ļصģʵ̫ǱƳĿɨϸӣƾб˰ײռ뷨˳Ƶ
Ůȵ̫ãէһʵϲˡ
ɫģȴ̫ٲȻҪһ͡
ƳʵֵüϴƳȻԳþƲ˽⣬ڱЩ׵ġ
˵ǵ̫ضӵѲλͻʣѲܻ蹳ҪȢΪޣƳȻúѲʧʶԣҪȡ̫λá
Ƴޱûм壬Ȼ⾩еĸӹϵ
ǴԽŪܾ˵³ƳǶԻȨġ
̫ɫһĵѾͷҲ̫಻ˣŮΣ״ûһô
ô룬ϾΪ̫ΪһСѾͷʵ˵ȥü⻰Ǻ⣿
ԭ¼𾭣һҾ͸˱ʣôã
ˣ˼Ѿǳԡ
蹳ǻԹɫһᣬһ򣬵ڣҡҼ¼𾭣̴ţƹһᣬŵˡ
ˡ
̫蹳ƽҲôġ
蹳ͷ蹳֪ҲƹĪҪҼƽϣ
ƳЦƻ׼ĵˣ̫һˣһôҪʲô
ЦЦʲô̫ͻȻҪŮŮʵܳҪлЩʱ׼ء
̫αϣƣֻⶼЩʲô£
ֱ˿̣ź֪ƳֻһҰѾͷʲô˼
ĪҲҪݻˮ
ššüģзҡ
̧̧ʾ蹳¶뵡ˣհҲˡ
˳ƵǳȴŮˡ
̫˰֣һ仰˵
ſƳԥƬ̲Ż˹
θߴͶµƳȫַļϵʱһҲԵΥ͡
ƳǰסŲȻЩִٵ֣ܵͣҲܻһ̽𣿡
Ƴδش
ʵεĻĸײƵͺˡ
ҪĶĸףǷ񸻹ҲҪֻҪǸͨˡ
ûиߴҲûϵֻҪóеΣΪͥ߾ȫҲĸס
Ƴ׾һܱСҪÿ˶ϲˣرѹ
ʱԼСֽ§ס֦ϣԶҲ§ֻɰСƹϣСƹһ𳤴§Ƶϣ׿ϲһЩ
ʱСҲÿһζԱ˵ӵǽ߾ȫ
ǳһû˰С
Ҳ˰סݰ
ǺԽϲѲϲһЩвֵСˣѾҲϲЩϲѾƳҪģֿİˡ
ԡ
ϲҲ޵ƤңҲҲɰҲʲôġ
Ƴ
ϣԼûϲƳˡ
ʱϣԶ룬ˡ
Ƴδֵݳȥûж࿴һֻۣԵĵ˵ͷȻŲ
ûףֻϡ
ջ֣ϵˡ
Ĭĸϣ˳ţƳм䣬ͬѪնϵѪԵĳĬȴӡ
ֶֹò˵ʲôݡ
ƳɫȻƻ벻⡣
ֱٹ̨ףƳתˣնлλˣҪض
򴽣վƳ档
⻹һ Ƴô
һοƳʱֻ֦ͬмƵò̲סҪ׽ʶøС
ټ棬ССͳ֦Ů
ƹ
ʲô𣿡
Ƴ˿δἰŵ£̬Ѿǳԡ
ǡ
ⲢǵĲԼǺԵɵĶһʹ
ǸŤˣ򴽣ԥƬ̺ٹԡ
˶٣ģЩǶԲס㣬Ը𣿡
Ƴûлش
Ĭ֮УڵΪǰ㣬Բ𡣡
ƳЦЦⰡةУֳģ͸ˡ
ɫֿޱȣĻȴ顣
һֳ
һʼ֪ƳݣɼƳ֦ǼƵĳӦΪһ֮˽ͼƳ𾩳ǡ
Ƴ֦һǷԵ֮޿İ˱ˣŻİ˺
Ƴ飬Զǲܹġ
ֱڣһҶû㡣
ĸס㣬һʼûϳ㣬Ϊ⣬˼䡣
ԭҪȥ㣬ȥԺŷ㲻˻ʹ
Ϊܼ㣬ҹﶼû˯ţֱڣͷڵš
ƳǻؼҰɡ
ƳΪ⣬ֱ˿ֱ̣˵һЩĵĻΰˡ
˸ʲôϵأҲضλڴ𡣡
統֦Ҳûж׵һ
˵ô࣬ʵĲؽ˹ЮʲôôʧˣҲǸƵˡ
ǸĬԵˣ˵ô࣬ʵҪ֦ҪЮƳʲôֻǴģҪƳ˵仰ѡ
ǻһ˵ʹ˵˼
Ҳ˼
Ƴ⣺ʲô˼
ǡպǾˣɲȥһ
δƳش㴫һϤƳ
ǺѲ
ƳһͼѲ߹
Ƴ˲ЦЦ޵Сӣͬҹ֮ǡ
ֱ̧ۣźѲ˻֣ȻҪѲܹȥ
סƳ
Ƴüͷһòʲô𣿡
ǱֱϾļҡ
ȷƳļҡ
Ƴûмҡ
˵䣬ѲѾ߽ǣƳƳԼĿⲻƣةǡ
ջ֣δ͡
Ƴش˷⣺ҵļأ
Ѳ֪Ƴ˵ЩʲôܼԵ˶Ƴ¶ʲô˼ŶǨŭ˼֣
ôةԳȤʱôˡ
ƳûסЦڴӡ
Ȼ˻ô˵ıԾǼ׵˵ԭܹ鲻ĸԸΪ
Ƴ§źѲֱۣǣ߰ɡ
л˵
ϼ
ϿܻƵʮһ
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65 ԡ
Ƴûлͷһ, źѲ̬ޱȵ, ϵЦⶼֿࡣ
ԭ, δ
˺ð죬ŵϲ̫𣿡
֪ƳǷϲѲ
Ƴ˵Ļʵ֤, Ƴɹˡ
úѲΪھܻ飬ΪԸסٹٵѹ, ʥϵʧ, Ƕ̫֮λ
һ˲, һο
ޱþûмӣȴȻߵ˽һ
ǸҰĵĹÿǰһޱȵļ, ǰһС, ԭһӶûлߴ, Ӵʳǡ
ѲĳʮΨһ, Ҳһͻƽ׼Ļ, ץסˡ
ԲѲѲǰġ
Լõ˺ѲİúѲԸΪȻݰͿһ顣
Ƴ֮ҪҲҪĶࡣ
ĿԶֻǰһĶֵ, ֪ȡ, ȴ֪ȡ, 仰˵, 飬Ƴˡ
ûлشȴѾƶ̫Ҳϲ
ʣ̫Ӳϲء
ǹ˹ȴްЦ⣺ϲ
԰գתȥ
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ѲͬƳһڽڣһ˭˶֪ĵĳ
СͲ̫Ը֮ӣʱڻʺ˼꣬ǼѲֵһ㣬ֻǺ֪ʲôʱ𣬺Ӿͱ̬ԺҲԶ
ǰ缸ûʲôԴӺǴ̫еһοƳʱѲͲ΢ı仯
ͬԡ
ѲʲôĿ⣬ֻҪ漰ߣѲ඼
գΪŽܵ
ĪΪƳǰģ
ﲻֻǸô˵𣿽ôеƳֵģ
ƳȻҲѲı仯ֻԼһ˼˺ѲΪʲôǴսʣѽ
ѲıϾƳûС
Ƴ֪ʵ㲻Ϊҵֶɣ
Ѳ
ˣʲô
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ǡ
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ͷ׺ѲĲ᣺磬Ҫˡ
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صԺһţδἰ񳿺Ѳܻһ¡
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֪ˡ
Ѳɤӣô㣿
Ϊʲôûͬ˵
Ѳ˼һԽӲҲûʣ
Ƴ˸ۣһ㶼Ц𡣡
̾˿뵽ѲʵˣʱΪȢ̫֮λҪˣɲҪġ
ԽԽףȷϣѲϲӦǰǺѲ̫ӣǣŲ
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žǣ֪Һϲ㣬ǵ㷢ԭôϲʱֻò˼
ʵڲ̫ϣԼԼ˼ⷢ죬Ƴ˵ȥɤӵڻʵ̫ˣʱҲˣЩϢɡ
ҲȻȥˡ
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ۿѲҪ뿪Ƴæ֣ӺѲϸָס
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Ѳ˼ٿʱԵˣ״ʲô
Ƴһ죬Ҿ
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˶٣ˣҲЩԡ˯ɡ
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ͬƳ뷨ȻͬѲֻƳúϢȻǰˣƳҲ˾ţǡ
ƳǿԹԡѽ
Լ˸ɣʡˮġ
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66 ɱޣ
ѲƬ̺, סƳ֣ʣǻ, ѿڵ⡭̫ðɣ
ƳѲգգ۾, 磬ôֲ˼ˣ
Ѳ
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Ƴĵ㲻˼Ĵ, Ƥ֪ˡ
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Һϻʵ岻, ã֪Ҫڶꡣ
ţƳԽ˷ܣźѲĲߴٵ㣡㲻ż𣿡
زˣѲԥԼȥˣϾͽˮ, Ȼ˫˫߽ҡ
, ģƳ̰׵С, żǺѲĴ, 㿴һһͰˮ͹
ѲƳڰ˸ߵ̨ϣһôô֪߳ܡ
ϵĶȴûһͰƳ˸⣬˵㲻ö䣬ƳĹںѲϣ˫ݵȻĲҪס
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ϸϸУƳҵᣬĿİͰ͵ıԼԸװʲôѽ㣬ûϴ衣
Ѳûϵ
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Ѳһ죬¶û㡣
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Ѳһʼ֪ƳҪʲôͬƳûʲôر˵ĶֻЩһǰˡ
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Ƴͷ˲ŻҵĿЩ⣬ڴܹƿغѲΪʮԣַʽ˵Щ֣էһʼһԽܡ
ʵʩȻҪ̼Ķࡣ
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ѲԽƣѧģ
Ǳ鰡

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Ѳ֪ǣ͵͵ǱСӷˣһһһѲԡ
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һЩǳ棬ʱֻǳֶֹжô
εůڲ֪ʲôʱ𣬾Ʒת
ŻĵŮѾɰ͵ĲӣϵĴϸϸ˿ָſǿסŮĺԣںڵĳڵأޱߵķ˿类絴֦һһµģĳֽİڵ
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Ϊյĳǿɫǳ룬ʹԵòʱִһ˿ݵУЦʱԽأ׽һĶ
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ˣ鶼۹⿴Լһжί
ҲֹҲ޹඼ʱûʲôôֱգѾٶһ˱ʲô
ԭʮദĸ飬ջǵвѪ
ͼЩͬԹһĿ
⼸֦˯òãصȥŷָһҩţصͷߣʵȡ
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⼸ԶһֱôԸΨ֦ԡ
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ϸϸһ룬񲻹Ķ͸һɹìܡ
ǰǲԸߣһҪߡ
ˣҲھǣ͵Լǡ
ͰͻɽʲôΪλҪ
ȻҲųҪȥĳ򣬿Ϻ޷ģȥĶȥԼѵ
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л˵
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޸ĸʱ̫ΪˣʱһģҵϢҲҪŸģһʱڶӦĲǹңǳǸ
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Ѳƿ, ˽ȥ
ƳڰĳŰϷõ̸⣬ͷŴгɵķ, ڸŴ, ˺üؿڸо̫
ѲƳѾҧһڵ̸Ѳ, ѲƳߣƳĿںѲļͷ, Ȼؿ, Ҫ߶أ
Ѳ, ȥƳմǷۣ졣
ȻҪôãƳɥ̾˿, ƿ, ̽ͷͷȥ, ͵Ĵ紵֮, ںڵĳڿƮ, ԭҪͷĺ÷羰ϻͷȥʱڿϵĺĿ⡣
̬ʱ΢΢Ȼ˶ſͬƳ˵˾仰
ƳûףҲ뿴, ǸûŮ˵ļ֪϶ʲôĻ
Ƴü, Ҳÿһͽ, ȴЦĸˡ
Ƴһ, ӣƤ
һͶ˺ѲĿ⣬ʣʲôأ
ƳɤӲ
ѲĬƬ̣Ȼ󽫲ˮݸƳȵˮ
ƳӹСţؿˡ
Ȼ̾˿ǳ硣
Ѳ֪ķһ̺ƳϣȻһ
Ƴ˵һ첻Ҹôأ
Ѳһֱۣûش
ƳҡźѲĸ첲ǵش𣺡ô˵ˣ
Ѳ˵ʲôϻ
ƳСһ壺ʲô
ôˣʲ㲻شǲǲҳŵ
ƳԼһȡֵСϱƲסԼһںѲҲܣ˵˵
Ѳεı˱ַ̧ۣסƳ˰ŵôһ졣
˵Ƴţ춼Щʲô
Ƴ߶˭ô̵ʱġ
ѲǷˣ˼Ƭ̣Ҫ²̫ˣλøµĻʵܡ
Ƴ
һ࣬ںѲֱӣ˼ĿźѲڸҿЦ
Ѳ´²ʱˡ
ƳЦȷʵʱˣѾˡ
ԣ
ѲƳԴ¶ء
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԰գֺἰ£ˣ˸˵ˡ
Ƴһ㶣ô᣿
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Ѳһ漴ʣ㲻𣿡
ƳȻ밡ôҲҵĽ㣬ͬô˵Ҳʮĸ顣
ȷʵ̧ͷͷʮꡣƳ˳ܵС׻ܲƽֹѹʱȻ֮ǰı䲻ˣֹԹת˺ޡ
ζµԴšġ
ĸ飬˿ûС
ܿͷӦ˹ʺѲôôʣ
Ѳ֪֮ǰ㲻ãĻɰͲˡ
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ѲָƳĦµиɻ󡣡
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ˣȻ˶ˣ֮ǰЩһʹɡ
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ŮʵǳһżƭԵ
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۾㲻úܴβǡôϹ̣ͦ촽Уױǳ׸һ˹ɫ󻨵ĸоױʱҲ鶯
˶ĵһӡ඼ɰҪԸʹȻ볤һкͣԽԵ˳
Ѳױ֪òȡˡ
ɲɷϵǣԴƳڼһʱڣƭˡ
˴δҴӵܣΪԣŮɣʱЩѾʼΧˣƳԴ˿Ȥ
żγȥʱ
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ɣҲʶԼ˾ٲ׵Ƴ, Ƴûаá
ŵҪ, ƳüۼͣѾ˾ʱʵԥ
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ɣһҶ, ̵ת, ҡҲ롭㡣
ƳŪ, Ѿˡ
˷ȥˡ
ɣҲĥ䣬ǡ
ۿƳĿԽԽͷɣڡһ, Ǳߣ
ָָϽ, ǶѾȫԳԵ, û˻ȥ
˵ʵ, Ƴǳɣ衣
ɣһһǴС, ûжô˻ˮôˣƳÿÿɣǸж˾ʱͬǸСԼ
ʱĺϣһ԰Ǹһֱûг֣ͯҲˡ
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һĻ, Ϊ˾մմϲʱԣ˱ԴΪûôŤ
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ⴺ˵ͷˡ
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ĿǰҪģȽ蹳ʬ
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˿ڲʹ𣿡
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ŵļ仹ޱѲάΪ˽ȴУƳϲֻ׹ߡ
㶵£ǡʲô˼
飬ˣΪβ̫ҽôһȺˣ
һ㶣ǣֻ롭
һԵ蹳ҪѲĸƣвԼûѲ״
ʵЩºѲģǳ͢䣬ֻ˵ֻѲңȷܡ
̫ѪˮͬϪˮĻ̫ɱϣˣͬڻ£޲սս
Ѳ̾һĿƮƮ蹳ϣָȻˣ˵˵ôİɡ
蹳괦ܲѲ˼
˸ӣǣ¡
蹳Ů
ϵ˵
ѲüĿһݣǰѵ

蹳ŮʱⲢһˣŮҪͷ㲻֪˭شһ£Ż赹ڵء
һӦ͵ȷʵͬƹһȻƼ߹
蹳ŮһͼƹɣŮԱߣ˹ʱҪŮȥ򡣡
Ƴ蹳ʵϲ顣
˵Ƴɣ˵ЩΥģĲΥѲֻϡ
ҵ磬Ů˵Ҳƻ󣬴
ɣͫ׷ŴȫȻ蹳ô˵ֻ
Ѳһ
֪蹳Ϊʲô˵ǣźѲ˵ߵڰףڵϼٿĪ硣
ƫ֤޷ԡ
̬չȫȻϣһңʶѰ
ҲŹˣֻվһ۵ĵطĿʱֵƿȻǲܴ¡
ȻҲûá
Ѳ¶Ĵ飬˭ֶûá
Ѳ飬ԣ˹͢Ҫ񣬸زԾɳУ֮ǰǳﱸʮգȴô˻˽ԹԹֶμӺˣ޻ˣ֪
æɡûУֻǿƳɣ衪
ѲĺľȫȻĻ᣺δ֪һȡ̼ȨС賯͢ǶӻӶȣȷ²λ
£ƫ̻
ѩǰԡ
Ѳּпȥ֮λ˷ȻףﲻˡƲأᴦ귢̿꣬˼ѹ
֮λʥ׷⣬ѲΪ̫ӣȨ֮λ⣬ѲֻҪʥϲԷԣѲּͬʥּ
ԭɺѲƤӵδڣͱǿдȥ
ʼգδһԡ
ͷǸҹŮ˵ͬڻ
ױ֮λֽ귢УʱٻԾҴС㣬ҲǼȨȢޡ
Ѳ˵뿪ͷβûƳһۡ
ѩɢɡ
蹳ɣԿƳɣ貢֪ЩƽԻ֮µİĿ¶ɻ󣬵Ƴ㡪
δ䣬Ƴ˦ɣ֣Ѳ뿪ķ׷˹ȥ
ѲߣҲƳ˰׷ϺѲ
Ѳߵ̫಻Ƴ׾ͽƳ˺Ѳ
ƳЦݣԾɱϣԼѲʲôҲûء
ͬһ§ס˺Ѳĸ첲ᴭ磡ĺ簡
Ѳ²Ҳûͣ
Ƴ΢ЩܸϣЦŵԭҲϲѽҲϲ
ţǲһ֣
ѲסŲĿȻ
Ƴһ磬ô˰
ѲĮȻڣӦ֮ðɡ
л˵
һ£ʮ㿪Ҫİٷְ٣Щ97ıҪ


70 ʧ
ƳϵЦ⽩ס, §źѲԾûɣ, ˵ʲôѽ
Ѳ, 㻹Ҫװʲôʱ򣿡
Ƴʶġ
ѲȻѾ˵ƿĿ⡣
ţһԲĳԼֱ, 뿪֮˽, Ƴһԭء
ѩ֪ѲƳĻ, Ƴǰͣһ, ͬƹ鲻ãҪȻطɣ
Ƴûг, 㶵ĿźѲ뿪ķ
յķ紵, ö, һ⡣
ѲѾʧĿ֮С
ƳδѲģ, Ҳδⲻ, ƽվڳ֮õ£಻ȥƢ
ϴΣ㲻ֻʶԼĲԶѡ
ֱΣѲ˵֪Ƴн
̬ƺȡֻҪһЩ
ƳֻԼԴ죬һƬ˼, һһĿֻų, һʱ֪
ָ, ʼԼ侲
Խ侲, оԽǻҡ
Ѳ϶һˡ
Ϊһһαƭһµ±ƳŪ˹ȥΪһˣԾɻŷ£ԺѲô
һأ
ںѲﳹױҲѲκһδӣԼǸЫĳĶ
񶾣αѻ
ΣƳŲӲȽţ̵ת
Ȼһ̧ۣµ
ʵû˼ȥӦֻһ۱ƿĿ⣬һȥ
ȴ˹ͣǰƹ
֪ƳãƳûн֮ǰԾɲһƳΪãֻͬ㣬ĳν
Ƴ˱ۣί߶ƣÿ
ƳһʼĹʱ䲻صңҲ˺
󲿷ʱ֮żԼָߣõѡ񣬲ϲµĵǣԼ׸ĶõǰȻȥ
Ϊ֪˴εεȵزҲ֪ȵԼصԺȺ˻Լ֮ѡ
һѡĻᣬҲԼһ̽ʱ䡣
ڣΪѲ£ʵڲ뿼Եģֻ÷꣬˵룬˵
ΪǨŭ
ҴǸĲԡ

ɣ仰˵鲻ãȴⶼ͸ǡԶΪһ࣬Ƴˡ
ԲŻ˵Ǹֻ
ңĽǲ
ƳӽӲԼЦЦ
˵ʱҲԼ˵仰ԣֻżƳ˵仰ԲŲ˼˵һĻ
֪Ҫֲ˵
Ƴûϵةǵöɼȥչá
ƿҪ뿪ȴͬʱס
ƳƲסԼǰ¶۾һƣѹŵʲô
ҵֻһˡ
仰龰˵Է̣Ƴأ
һ㶣̶һԲĻᣬ𣿡
ʮ꣬Ĳԡ
Ƴʣأ
һʼʹˣýһɽ÷㣬Ҳá㡣
ƳǵôЩ𣿡
׷ףϣͲ
ڵ֦ϣ֦֪ĳӻ޿صĺң£ûġ
ǰɽҲ֦޿κµΪ
Ϊ־֦һ仰ʮǸ֪治ڵŮ御
ƳǸˣҲǸжĻˡ
ЩȥԹһˡ
ȻС󶼻ĺۣļڸλޱ߸ȻĸҲûлȻô꣬ûҵ
ҲֻԼãܹκˣŪˡ
ǣΪʲôҪأ
ΪʲôûҵȴҪһصˣԭİء
˵Щ˾ãջ۵ֲһƳصϣʱƳ֪ԭأ
顣
Ƴã㲻ҸֲĻ𣿡
ɫģ˵Ļȴ飺Ҫǰҡ
Ƴ֪˵ǵΣǵΡ
ΪȻѡ飬ǷݶξѾϣⲻΪڳԺ飬ŮԾ׽
޹أΪΡ
ƳϲûΡ
ŲҪ鸺飬Ծǲһ³
ԭΪٻȥѡ񣬿û뵽͵á
һȥͬ¡
⣬Ƴȴһ㶼ĲѲҪҪĶࡣ
һة½Ұɡ
֪ƳǸҰĵˣƳ֮ʣڣƹ
Ƴ̣˽ûû𣿡
Ƴеķ̣ʱǳ˻ʵۣ黢û㳤򵥡
Ƴ䴽ʹ˷ġ
԰գƳ첽뿪
һתƳĴǱʵһҲ˵Ķ˸˵ûа顣
ֻںѲôġ
ʲô黢Ըѡһ·Щ˲ܹ˲ڽµӣͲᶮȨλĿ
ҲûȨѡ
ȷʵ񲻹ܸЩʲô˳
ƼңӳɽõѲİ
Ϊ˹ԼڵһУ˵˺ܶѣαװɸֿɰģ뾡취סѲİתתôãͻȻһֻصʼģ
Ƴ֪Լô߻طģ̶̼ӣ;ú˺ܾúܾá
ⴺһƳæӭȥȻһ۾ͿƳʧǵɫ
ⴺпһ£ƹǽ˷ˡ
ûƳشⴺԹԵĵǲͬǸŮ˳ȥԼǵû£ԵҪС㣿
Ƴҡҡͷֵ˵ĶԣΪʲôҪ
Ƴ棬ޱȻںޣΪʲô벻Ҫȥɣ裬ȥѲͲЩ
ΪʲôҪȥ
Ƴֱ˭ףײ蹳ɣ裬Լ
ԭͶԺѲĿĲ⡣
ⴺ״ûµĹ϶ģ㱻Ҳûйϵ
ⴺΪƳҪԷһ˷֪ŶʲôֻΪƳǱ˶ѡ
Ƴ˰֣ˣȥɡ
ⴺҲٶ˵򴽵ū澾ȸˡ
ⴺߺƳԼһ˴ڷ
һᰲοԼѲֻΪ¶ʼˣһḴ־ÿֻţúѲ϶ǳʧ
룬ûϵףµĲǺѲҪŬ˺ܾõģֿɵõ̫֮λûˡ
ƭΣڵİɣ
˼죬ɫѾ
ѲҪˡ
Խǿ쵽ʱ䣬ƳԽΪ˴ԸѲصȥǰһᣬֱԼ۾ЩΪֹ
ڴϣʼ˼ǴӦͬѲ顣
ãҲûȻ
ʱѾֹ֪ȥһʱ
ѲԾδ顣
ޱ߼ʵȴӣƳвί˫ֱϥֻĽѾıĵҲҪĽͰ
ƳԽԽ÷ꡣ
ٿȻµأĽŲڵذϣһ磬ܾ֮֮Լͬһֻ׵ĸܲ
űߣҪţͷ㴫춯̶ⴺ밲ƳѲһ
ƳһֻæͷߵܻϣŸѲƿš
ĿԣƳĿлţСĵĶźѲЦЦ
ѲȴƿĿ⣬ȻֻƮƮһ
Ƴһ⣬ôôأ
Ѳ߽ңͽƳһߴıӰʱ¡
ƳѲδἰ£Ҳ֪οڡ
ž֮УƳʵûס£ҲǡҲǹ˵ģ蹳ŭҡ
Ѳ˯ɣصҡ
Ѳ
ȻƳνĽȷʵ̫԰ףɺѲǰδͬһ
Ƴסٴž
κ󣬺ѲϴˮӜ߳ȻƿӣƳߡ
ڰ֮У˰üȴԣΨű˴ǳĺ
ѲᣬƳҲᡣ
Ϊı಻һʵúѲţʵδƭȷǸˡ
˰죬Ƴòڡ
̵ģ̽Ե֣۵ָѲļ⣬Ȼ§ס
սսĵ˰죬Ѳÿ
ǺڰУƳ̲סĵǡ
ĵѲ϶̫ԲŲȵͺˡ
һ磬ѹʱ򣬺ѲѾˡ
ˣ˵ûôæġ
ƳЩʧ䣬ֲȥҺѲԼġ
ƳҲѲأÿκѲ߶ˣùȥ
ϣѲɻֻǻıȽˣͷϣƳΪѲæԲŻ
ɺļѲˣƳʶѲ񲢲Ǻ
˵Ҳԡ
ΪѲÿҲܾӵǣʱƳˣѲɻͬһ㣬һĴǡ
ҲͼѲٴν͹飬ȥ޷ǾǵʱŭȣܹǲԼ˵Щǳġ
Ѳ꣬δжķӦ
ȴһΣĿ۾ʣˣ
Ƴԥĵͷģһ˵ھͺˡ
֮ûйʲôӦ
ʮ죬֮䶼һֲ²״̬
ƳеĿֻսʤһա
֪ѲеôģһҲû˼
ֱʮһյʱ򣬺ѲҪǰعҪ£ƳҲǰ뿪
Ϊ³ӼԶ龫ƳںѲߡ
˶δ˵Ƴ⼸Ϊ£ҲûôѲ˵ʲôʮ֮ľĳĬ
Ƴбƣ׷ʡ
Ĭ֪˶ãѲڼž֮ͻأһ䣺
ʮһˣ㵱ûʲôҪ̹׵𣿡
ʮһһἰ¡
ʵϣƳ̹ףϵĻᣬûһش
ֱڣԾǸڻԵˡ
ˣαŽ̲ģδϧݣǱץţԾҪɻء
̻¶һ䣬ʲô
ȷʧ
л˵
岻̫һ¼ӸһҪ̫ϣĵûûУ
齱ûг鵽ıûϵˣһ㣡


71 
յĳĬڱơ
ʮ, ƳһֱԼƺһϲµĽУ̹׾ͻᱻٹС
˽, ϲһõ, һӹɡѲˣƳԼҲˣαװɱϲģϰ, ѾĹѪ
ʵԼ֪Ѳ᲻
ԾӽѲǱͼ, ѲԾĵ, 뿴Ѳ¶ʧ
֪ܲԼʱľܲӱܶжЦ, ЩѲˣֱӰǵı֯õ£ڰ̻¶
ֵز, ԾɻظͲʵ
ɴ˶, Խʲô, Խʲôϣ, ѲδֱӸ, ҲδĲӱţղȥӦҲ԰ɡ
֮ǲ̫ԡ
ʵ֤ƭҰοá
ƳŴڴ֮ǰ׼˵, Ҳ̫˵ĳڡ
ʲôڲ, ʲôյŭ, һ͵ԶСץʱ, ЩЦĽƱ硣
ѲʣƽԹ˵Ļм档
ƳԾɵͷԵûȫƭ㡭
⼸춼˵Ҳѹѽ
Ѳѹ¿ҰɣչǲᣬⱲҲͬ¡
Ƴһίʱ򣬴ǾͻֱڣԼԾںѲǰ˵һ䣬˵Щô
·;ңԶһ·ЩƳĲȵӻȥѲ˸
ƳƳȥҪʺѲ˵ʲô
Ѳջ֣Ƴ̹϶֣˵ĺ𣿡
ǵģѡ
ѵĲԼôãԳ֮ĺ
ڣѾ·ˡ
ҡֻǲǸŮ˶ѡ
Ѳв޳ķʵ㲻𣿡
ֲԸԼ㡣
Ƴһ죬˵ˡ
һֱϣֻǲԸںѲǰϡ
˺ð죬Բ𡭡
Ѳȴ⣬һ㣬ʣԲʲô
ƭ㡣
Ѳûлش𣬿ϢĳĬƳ
ǲұ±ٴʼԼΪʲôҪΪʲôҪʵеģԺѲķӦ£ΪʲôҪԴ·ĶԻսս
ϸʲô˵ءԺѲм˽⣬ѲʧѲҲԴһ
̫ҲûϵպѲٵǴ󱦣ҲδɣѲôæ϶ʱŪʺȻźᴢ֮λôѲҲܲɡ
ٲãǻ
ֳɵĹߣðײáߥһ֦Ȱ˵ıǣƽάϵĻȨͲȵϻʵۼûտɻˣֻҪסѲͺˡ
󣬲·ףôС
Ƴɿ죬̧ͷźѲ䵭
Ѳͬ㲻ƭ˹£ҲδŹ¡
ƳԼָ˺ð죬ŵô
ʲôô
ĶźѲ˵ĻЩͱ˵ζˣҲ֪ǸʲôˣҸϴҲңôأ
ѲԹ̹һЩ𣿡
Ѳܾô˾ʶ
ϴµҲˣ𴩵ʱԶľԼˣֻᷴΪʣʵΡ
мڸһĽֻͣǼһԼġ
ֱŷʵƳδĺ˵ʲôĻϴΣҲֻǻһַʽƭѡ
һˣѲЩˡ
ƳЦһ֪ʲôԼ˵Ƕôôã𣿡
Ѳ򴽲ֱ
Ƴ̯̯֣ǰǲ̹ϣ㶼ˣҲٸװȥˡ
ʮ㿴һҺܺЦ԰ɡСĽӽ㣬ȴҰ֪ǻˣ㲻ϸ˵뿴ԼС󡪡
ѲȻץסƳֱۣƽҧгݰ㻹ҪʲôʱƳ
Ŀ壬˻ƣ˵Ҫô
ӵһۼµʱѣͬµмɺϣмǹΪ޹棬ʲôʹ´ؾֳֽ֮ȥ䣬۵Ū´ͳǵ£Щģ
ѲԽ˵ƳɫԽ԰ס
ԭ֪ˣ֪û˵αװԵԽЦ
Ѳ᲻ЦЦ׾ӣûһ˲䣬Ż
ѲڼԽĽ
ͷβڹǰչֵģмαмʵ˵ƭֶﱾȻ
ѲһһУƳ۾ˮܿƵĶջ°͡
СʱǸ޹Ҳûб٣һίͻᡣ
ǰƸʱҲΪЩ˵ӣίֻĥպôǡ
ԺѲһԺѲ鰮Ҳмĵġ
Ѳÿһ仰˵ĺܶԡ
ƳһޣѲɫ㻺˻˱ۣɫ뵡ֵ
ƭֻڵһԣڹء
һٶδζˣƳʲôģ
ƳǿջԼ֣˳ĨĨԼϵᣬֱźѲɤɬ˵Ļȴޱȣ
֪𣬺ãҸʲôġ
ҶģҾǹ¾֮ʵ֮ǰҪɱġαģΪƸĺܿʵҿ͵͵Ͷ˶ǣһ
ǴҲҹģҾߡ㿴ҲûȥɣҪûϴ˵ĻҴƭһӵġУ˽ģ䣬蹳谭Ҽ޸ˡ
һ仰˵꣬Ƴ𣿡
ѲȭͷͬƳϦദЩʱգУһʵ
˹ôãȷʵ͡
Ƴ֪ΪʲôЩ˵󣬾һɡ
ںѲǰǲԸ̻¶˾Ǻ֣װɸ޹ֿӣҪκ˵ͬ
ڣռҲһƫִɵ̬볳Ӯ
ҵȻͣϴʧߣҲȥɣǸЩ̯ӡ
ȷԶᷢ֡
һںѲǰ̻¶ĮģֵǣһЦ鶯ͬĮݵɫҲޱ䡣
̹ϣǺѲҪ̹ϡ
ΪƳ˿ܲŮ˶ӡ
ֱڣԾɾãƭӦõģ
ƳͷźѲȻͬ˵λֵ뷨Ц㿴̹϶֣ʵҾǰ㶼֪˽ˣΪʲôҪָҶأ
Ҵء
ѲƳ˰Σڵͫ׳ĿƳӡ
ΣѲһ£͸̵ַЦЦƳĮҲЦԼЩӸġ
ʱգŷƳǸܶϣˡ
Ƴ಻
ѲĺܽϤʱʱҲףѲһʧ
ֱڣԾܿ졣
ɣڻԣŽ̲ģĺѲˡ
ڳԼʵûʲôˣֻλȥԺȷʵúù滮һ¡
ʾڴʱ
ȻͣפĽŲ˷ܱд̿ͣ¡
һֻ˲Ϣ֮䣬ѲΪСĴɱǳ࣬ЩĿܸƳһƳΣգʶδ˼㵱ϵ˽ͬƳ
ȴ⣬Ҫ´
ѲȥԺƳķӦһжĺܿ죬ֻ˲Ϣ֮䡣
δɱ飬˵ǲܵģͬѲһҲΪ˴δɱԺѲںѲȥ֮󣬱ż˳һƬѰҺѲӰ
һɨƳ˴Ԥıͬ˲һ𣬴˴Ϊ³ӼԴ࣬Ǹǳ͢û·硣
ѲԶ֮أǰѳƳһǰǴ̴޵ĺѲܿ죬һسɨһ˵ͷ­
ƳľսָĿס
ܿĸΧźѲѲԾδ·磬ȻⲢδʹʱóȻȥֻңֻļ
ûһᣬѲ
һѲ֪뵽ʲôɫ΢䣬Ƴ
Ů̽ͷĿоǵǣ⧲Ŀ⣬ԡ
Ƴ֪ѲΪʲôȻͼѲָЩ·ĳּа㡣
ɺѲΧ˵̫࣬һʱѲ
Ƭ̣Ѳͫ׽Сġ
ƿһУƳæӣԱ
˭Ҳû뵽δɱĶ󣬾ǺѲƳ
Ѳ˿ҲٲȻ˹סսȫѪ͹΢΢类ΧĹǡ
ɫˮϵĶΪݾԱƴһɨΧ˲Ϣ֮ѲѾִԱߣʱһ˳䵶̽복
Ѳϣһ̴˵ࡣ˻£ƳһѪӣ㶵Ŀɫļ˵ĺѲ
ѲȻΪڲؿһȻƳ֣ɫ¡
Ƴ̶֣Ѳ뻳С
ϵѪζء
Ȼǿﻮжͬǰһ㣬Ŀ꼫ΪȷƳѲ֣ķѡ
ƿն
ѲֱƳϼͷ
Ǵ˿̣һץסᣬֱۣ䵶Ƴĺ󱳡
ѲٳѾƳֻԼѲ§ת˸ŵлƤĶϡ
ѲƺһȻһת˵ͷ­
һйڼžƳָһֱźѲ䣬̧ͷδĿźѲ
ѲڿƳͷĴǣߵûˣ¡
Ƴһʶ§סѲȴһȡ
һԼιǵʵľ޴˿ںبϣѪģ


72 ì
Ѳ̧, סƳ۾ȥڿĺ, ֱԼǰɿ, û¡
ƳָӲͷ­ԼϵѪʺĿ, Ϊմĵָ̫컬伸Σ֮ϡ
Ƴ۾, ὥģ, ̶ʹĴۿ䡣
ѲָѾΪý̫, 󱳵˼ɼǣŵȫƾֱһͻǣ󱳼, ֱ̧, ȥƳϵᡣ
ȻͷƳЦ˳, Ǹ޹
Ѿ, صʱ, ŹȥʱѲأ֮Ѿòæˡ
һֱѲǶѵģڰοƳ
ֱ̫ҽΪѲ˿֮ʱƳƾ޴˿ڡ
ѪҺ, Ѫʪճ˿, , ضҪȽ·˺, ѿ˿ڴһŪܿѪ⡣
ʺźںѪԴĿ֣ѩߴˣҲЩֱӡ
̫ҽҪΪѲ˺ѵʱ򣬺Ѳֹ̧Ȼ˿ڵƳȳȥ
Ƴһ㶣ʶܾЩʣִֵҲҪ
Ѳ̬ȴǳǲȥ¾Ͳˡ

ʲôʲôɹƳ뷴ȴֲ뵢ҽΣѩƹȳȥɡ
Ƴ˱죬鲻Ըĳȥˡ
Ϸţ汾ͲƳ֪ѲǲѪȳ档
һƬžƳҲδԶſվ˰죬ȻŲŲ̵ǰ̨ϡ
ɫ֪ʲôʱѾʾسƳЩ䣬ĬĬסԼϥǣ·滹ѪԼġ
Ƴ̯ƣȻһƬʺ졣
ķ紵ƳѲ٣֪ԼԺѲʱռϷ磬ҲǲԵģѲûȥĻƢ
ǿƲסǿƲסѲһҪѲʱҲ᲻׵ָ
ںѲ֮ǰûжԱ˹
Ϊû˻Ҳ޷޽ٵȥͬ㡣
Ƴ̨ϣΪ˲·ص˱ԵһЩλã̫๬ŮɫҴңϾ˼
Ƴֳ°ͣ˼ңһֱ֪ô˵´ʼգѲûġ
Ĵؾǣð֮Ϊܻ飬Ϊʥϴͻ飬ûƭλȴδԴɱԴҪʲô˵ϲҲδԼԸ¡
ѲҪ̹һЩʲô
Ѳ˵ʵҲȻԺѲûʲôŻǲŵĸΪѲûͳһһ
ѲమΪǰᣬҪ̹һ㡣
ΪǰᣬڻѻҪѲԶɱΡ
Ҫ۶Դˡ
ͼλ֮飬û˭ǻñõġȷԲѲ
ɴˣġ
˵ϲѲԺѲŮ֮꣬һҲ䣬ѲĿĴͬΪ鰮ЭѲһĶǴһʼѾġ
ǺڣҪٹѲҪǿԹġ
Ƴкҵţ֪ȥ˶ãѩŴƳ߹ӵƹͷ䣬ЩطЪŰɡ
ƳæʣѲأ
ѩƳֱѾϰߣѾްֻܷģȻȥɡ
Ƴȥ
ѩﲻɣ´ʱ÷磬ǿŹŵǲá
ƳЩʧ䣬ȻһҲǵúѲģվҿ˰ǺЩˣҪ˵
Ƴ뿪ԺѩŻص䣬Ѫζľ˿ڵˮȻȴѪһƬ
ΪѪҺʧĹ࣬ѲɫЩ԰ףϷϸϣ̫ҽ˿ҩ
𣿡
ѩ˵ͷ£Ѿˡ
ѲһΪϹɳϵľɵ˺ۺܶ࣬ѾĿۼΨнһӶ
ѩĬĬ̾˿ѲΪ֮պҪ̳дͳģ˵䲻ģµƹ˵Ҫˡ
Ȼ˴˵ǣ˿δ׸Ⱦ
ȻӵѡūŵĿ๵ģǾиӡ
ϲƳ֪ƹԵµİȴ翣ոԣȻܿⲢһԵȵĸ飬ƹһֻɫ˶޵ëʱڵµģǵ²ա
²ס
ѩȥԺƳ̵תȥȻ߶һ䣬Ǳ
ʲôţѪȳɱˣѲҲ̫Сˡ
صӰԺƳԡ£ⴺݹµȵĽ裬ůůθɡ
ƳӹֻλƵĲˮƮżƬƬͺ棬Ųˮֱ۲ȵΪ£Ᾱ΢΢
һξִɱ
ˮΪֵĶ΢΢εĳٴǰ֡
ȷǴһʼͲ̫ԾѲΧȻ࣬Щ˴ƺûжԺѲֻ֣סˡ
ѲԶһĵطʱŶ֡
ΪʲôЩ˵Ŀأ
ھǿ㲻ͷ¶棬ͬ˽ĿԲ󣬿ģĴɱɲ˭֯ġοѲߵʱЩ˶Ҷ֣ɼ䵨֮
ƲһЩҪ˳ޣ⾩ɱ˿϶顣
ƳֱδɱѲ˹ϵ֣ƾ飬̫Ӷ˺Ĵɱأ
ҰЭпܣӦɡ
ƳžһѴյ¡
жڴﵽ˶壬ĶֿʼӿкѲһˣ˵ͻˡ
ԭҲǺӣҲǸҪԸڡĽɫһ£鱻͵ʲô֣ƳҲԼ޷ټ
һҹߡ
ڶһ磬Ƴȥ˺Ѳ޹ǡѩæסѩûأƳ̽ͷ濴ȥȻˣ
ѩģѾöˡ
Ƴ̽ŵܷȥ
ѩɫЩΪѣźѲ洫˳ɡ
ʱһҹƳٴο˺Ѳ
һͷɿһīɫۣڴǰǸոͬ㱨궫Ƴʱͬ
ټѲƳһʱЩ޴
˰죬һ䣺ôȥţ

Լһưɣʵʲô
ż˵ſҲС
Ѳɫʲôϲŭشһ㡣
Ƴ˵ͷȻѲǰŲ˼ƳЩ԰׵Ĵɫֿʼѹðݡ
죬ֵԲ𡭡
һѲŵ⻰滰𣿡
Ƴǵġ
ͷʾһ㽫Լһ̻¶˵ģûƭ㣬֪ҲӦƭôࡣ
Ҹ㷢ƢҲΪҾá
ʲô
Ҿ϶ϲˡ


73 
Ƴ, û˵ѡ
֪Ѳ᲻
ƳԴҲûϻǰⱲӶԸ˵ơ
ѲʵûԼЯƳʲô, ڵ֪ƳʵĿԺ, ȷʵڶݵʱ޷ܡ
ΪƭΪ˽ˡ
ѲǰվŵŮ
ʵ̫ƭԣ, һίͰ͵ģ׾˾òʲô޹, ֮, ȴһжӵĶ, Ѳϲα֮ˣ۰ߡ
ϲƱܶ˵ԣ಻غʲôԴ, ڻѻ, ֮ĵ, Ϊʲô, Ǵġ
ҲС, ׾ܰݻ٣ǸϸĲһ۾ͶϣϴڵĺۼҲĨɱ
ȷʵϲ
Ƴ򴽣һ
ǰԼҪԺѲȡ֣ΪԸúѲĳ
úѲ˵Լ֪, ֻͬŻͬ, Ѳ, ô, Ҳϲˡ
Ҳ죬ѲΪΪЭαƵϲ
˿źѲ׿˵ƳʵͬԽܡ
ΪԼĥ˵ԵʣѲΪʲôϲͲҪѡѲһҲΪԼǴһʼޱĶ
ԺҲԵ֮ǰԼ׷ѲӡȡֵΪЦࡣ
ţֵһ䣺ҾӵˣŸıĻҾͲǰαװˡ
ѲδشΪóϣƳģı֯¡
Ѳ֣
Ƴԣ̵ƶŲȻվںѲǰʶֱϵˣֻգͷվǰ
Ѳ̧֣Ҫȥס֣ƳѲĶæס֣𶯣
Ѳ˵ûеֶһ¶еĵزŮϸֵô
ʵûб䡣
ֻǴǰһֶӣ˶ѡ
˵Щƣᣬɰľαװ˵ЩҲԸһ棬˭˵ЩƷ޷档ûд֮һҲ޴֮ˡ
Ѳ˽һ֣֪ΪʲôͻȻЩͻˡ
ƳǸˣҪ
ܵʲôһǰᣬǾǵǰŮ
ȻŮǧǧԼ֮ɰ֮ǲαװˣôƫƫƳĶ
ѲĦƳֱŵ̾˿̶ڵûϵ
ƳһϺѲĿ⡣
͸ͶչںѲĲһ˫ۣޱĶ˭ʱ򣬶˾зӿ޷֮ڿڵС
ƳĶ䣬ǵһΣʶΪѲܿƵķɿ
Ȼ㲻ôϲˣ»Ǻϲ㡣
Ҳܰ㡣
ҲͬʱƳʶԺѲ֮
ʲô֮ʲôαƵ£һ䡰ϲ㡣
ͷβĿ궼ȷޱȣΪʲôṴ.ѲΪʲô´ɽǣΪѲǺѲݵλ
Ѳֻ̫ӶǺѲ
һʼͲԴΣںѲߴľˣʼģԼĿġ
ⲻӦá
ƳӣڵϣȻԼշںѲϥϣɢڵأԲ𡣡
ѲЦЦָ⻮Ů˵ֻˡ
ƳûлشǵĲѲȡ
ѲѾ֪Ǹˣһ֪ԶҪɡ
ڣѲ˵Ȼ֮ǼٵģɰǼٵģҰġ
˵ڣΪҰ㶼Ǽٵġ
ⲻҪ
ⳡٻİΣԶϰɡ
*
Ѳֵᣬ֮屾ͱͬҪһЩ˿ڻָĺܿ죬ҩԺ˿ѾҪơ
ҩҲһһתΪһԴƳںѲǰжαװԺʵûô仯ֻͬѲ˵ʱ˲٣ٹ˼ֹ˼Ǹ
δѲǰϢԺ󣬳ȴˣҲû֪Ѳˡ
Ƴܲ⣬ߣźѲ˾ˣ
ǡʱƳʶȤ˵һԣĥ˺üգԽ϶һ֪顣
黹һ֣֪˭ŶƫѾҽ𶼼ͷϡ
ȵѲͬ˵껰ѲŰƳ²򵥡
Щ˵ȷ¥ˣڣ¥ṫȻ볯͢ԣƳΪˣ̫ĲѡĴڱ͹غ־
һǧ𣬶¥ҲĥһƳʱЩ˾Ȼ͸Ҷ֡
鵽鲢ѣѵ֮ڽƲ赶ɱˡϾƾ飬ĶƳʲô˺
ƳҲ뵽һ㣬ûкѲô侲ʱ鲻Ⲣŭϡ
ܵġ
ǾŹ飿
ѲƬ̣ǣɲʲô򡣡
ƳһҲܷŹ磬ɱɡ
ݣֳıߵҪǲĻɣͿ˳ˣ̫ˡ
Ѳ⼸ѾϰƳż¶׶һ棬ľãĺܿɰ
ǣֻǾûҪ񡣡
˴ҲǱãʲôʱ򶼿ԣҪǳ⣬˭ҪƳ֡
ƳŶһȴ˾ģܻ˭֮ȸŪ
˰죬Ѳһ°ͣʣʲôأ
ƳʵӦô
Ѳ
ƳͷڸѲ
ѽ˵ˡ
żǺѲĴŲ֪ʲôֿԺգգ۾ڻ۲ۡ
ΪѲǰֻҪ˵ۣƳͻǳֱۣҪú˼ܻƭ˵ۡ
ʵûʲôоˡ
ΣԭҲҪѿڶ˵ۣƳָĿ⣬ľ飬Ȼ顣
ֻ˿ڿʼĪķȣĵطҲǡ
һۡ
Ƴָͷӣ̫ҽǰҲ˵ѲѾʼ裬ֻҪҪ˺Ѿûд󰭡
Ĳ𣿡Ƴͷ
ѲĲۡ
ڷϣ˫ȺȻĲ濪ɤӵôͻȻ
ƳĿⲻ̫ԾǿƳȥĵطüԴװĶЩʲô߰Ķ
ƳûƵģֿԭȻǰӣŶ
Ѳá


74 Ȣ
ƳѾԴ˼, Դһֵ츳ȻҲΪǱѧϰ̽뷨, ԲŲ, Ѿ˴¾衣
£ƤǱȽϺģ, ϲڴ˹пڳݲѲĵԻý
磺Һɣо治أ㿴òÿ, 治ɫ˵
Ѳϲʱ˵, ÿκѲü, ֲı졣
Ƴܶ࣬ǰĺܿģλֿڲ, ˵ĻҲ, ʼ
ĻúѲŶ, , ҪʱעѲıûα, 󲻴ŪԺҲûǰһ
ֻԼȥ˵ڣ죬ȻܵѲ˿ûѪ
ȵһжˣƳ̾˿ĵ, ǰѲ, ûü, , ҪСõ˺áȻԼȥѧϰٽ
ĺ鷳
ѲƳԼǰôû
Ƴ㲻ǰԴ´β׼ˡ
Ѳֲǲܶ
Ƴǳšüѵһأôһ㶼ע⡣
ѲƳԼǿԼϣƳӲҲҶ۾һʣѿ𣿡
ѲסŮһЩеȻûסͷҧҧĴûУôܲЩ
ƳѲͷʲôԼԼġ
ƿѲȥҶҿɾͲһˡ
Ѳ̯֣ЦĲۣ̫ҽ˵ôСˡ
Ƴ˵컹š
ǰż⽱Ƶ˺Ѳһڣ԰廹ãġ
ʲô
һ㶼غ
ǰû˵ʱƳҲرֻ࣬һΣ˾͸ˡ
Ѳ§סƳƳ˶ᣬϺѲ̫Ŀ⣬ΪѲҪ˵ʲôֵĻŤŤ壬ǰôûＱ
װɡ

Ĭ˰ΣƳܾԼˣȷգգ۾ʣʲô
ѲִսЩͬǼűǼ⣬ᣬһһƳĤ
װɡ

ƳֿʼƲסԼˣ﷭ӿһ˵Ķ
СʱԺҶӵ⣬ɬɬĹϹ˺þãȻĹ⿪ʼֱ͸ƤʼžһڵϣĹѿ
ˣĺ
Ȼת룬ԼĿĴﵽˡ
ͼΪ̫Ϊʺ󣬳Ϊ¹ӣιĸףҪϳɹһ
˰죬Ҳûȵش𣬺Ѳ⣬Ƴ°ͣô˵
Ƴס˺Ѳָգգ۾ۿֺˣҲޣҲޣҪܲԼˡ
Ϊ˲úѲЦƳںѲؿڣƵģŬ˵׾ͳûŶ
ѲʧЦ£ֱ§סƳǳҪʲôͬ޸أ
ƳԾںѲؿڣܲ˼ŤŤӣȻС
ҲҪһ°ɡ
Ǳ¶ѲǿнŮԼĻƳƳ챻Ⱦͣʲô÷
Ѳôˣ
Ƴ߳ŭ˭ˣ
ѲĴָһɨĨƳϵ飬Цôôϲް
Ƴ
ץסѲ֣һҧȥֵʱֻǺһ£Ȼ̧ݺݵЦɱ㣡
ѲЦĸˣҲôס
ƳĶˣżס죬Ƹ§ѲˣƳҲˡ
ֱѲüͷһ壬ס
ƳæֹסС˿𣿡
Ѳ˫ۣƭģ޹
*
ѲڸƳ˵Ц
ϸ˵Դϴܻ鵱͸ʵͻƳʱʴҲǹܲˣĬˡ
ֻʱʵ岢ãղಡ齣ʱǶ»Ȼȥһʵּڼ̼زеϻʵۡ
ʱҲżڹڱԼƳ̬ȣպҲٵ˸ͻ飬һֱû
ʵ۲һЩҲ١
ڣѲټˡ
Դ׽ʵۻسĵһ죬Ѳȥϻʵۣ̬ȼܻͬʱһ޶
ʥּܿˣڶºʱֵ
ƳһΪ̫һֵͬģһǺҪ£ǾҹȻʾϾϵôҲҴ壬ϵϵĻ档
ڴ֮ǰδΪ飬ҫ飬һȵס
Ϊд󳼣ӵܣѲһǰؾõȵʥʥһ
ԵŸյϣ˵ʥּͻ̫Ƴ
̫Խʥϡ
Ҳˣ⽫һγھǡ
ּ̫վͻߣֱڣѾ֦ǰһʱˡ
֪ȨصľǰŮˡ
ֻҪ֦ڣͻȥʥ飬ʥһֻҪʥϿڣѲּ㲻ҲԵʲôûʱһЩҲá
֦ʮһֱڸƳ̫ӻض֮ΪҵĸԭӦȥ¶棬Ǽȥݷö֮⡣
Щûͬ˵
֦Ŀߣ֪ǺѲµѲ⣬ɺѲּ⡣
ͬһ٣ٶͼݺôݲ
ǰ㲻֪ݱˣҸˣ֪ˣôݺıģ˻ɳ̫ӵ·㣬ҲǷˡ
˫ĿĹڵϣ飬֦ǹݺƳô֦Լ޹ġ
֦ѾƫˣʮĸǵвⵥѪѫˣ
Ѿϣֻ֦ܰ
ɤѾ˻ƣףꡭ갡
귢Уʱ䣬Իٵ
ѲûиĻᡣ
֦ԭݣʱ࣬ǰûҵƳʱţֻҪžͺãҵˣֳܼһͺˣ˵ϼ仰
ôʱȴһֱûҵȥƳ
ѰӶܾˣóȻǰȥֻǼƳأƳô
ǣһֱⲻϲµĽ
ƳѾùˣȥЩ¡
ͬ齲ǽͨġ
Ѿһʱˣȥϥܹܲ˵ģ֦ĿơҲ̿ȥ
ɣ¡Ұﲻ㡣
ҡҡͷףԵģֻҪȥʥϣȻԵġ
ף֪һȡ֣ҲֻƫѣͰŮȥˣһͶˡ
Ҳȥ
ұ֤պҲǰȡˣӻƳͽӰɣһᷴԵġ
ޱ߽ס
飺ǷΣ̫Լˡ
֣ţȥ
Ҫסף
Ϊ̫ãϥѾӲʱȸͶˣ֦ЩĲ̣ȡ
ԥƬ̣ڵĸףƳʱƼұ򣬺£ѩһǰҹ
һʱʲô
㣬ůʣһĵ̺
ʲô
֦Ҫ˵ڵĻɤһŨصϯ
ٳ֪Լô
ĸףƳߡ
֦û
˵Ͼϵ
֦һ㶣ʣǳ˵ûи˵ϲϼң
ǲ˵ģƳ鶼ܹ棬ѡ񡣡
֦ѿڶҪҵĳ
˵꣬־ԼܲΡ
֦ĵ׵ǣôЩ飬Ѿ御ˡ
ϴλµŮӣͼƳҽ͵˶
ˡֱԣĸԣƳ棬ض뾡취Ƴ
Ƴڶ̫Ӵܺãʵ˵Ҫǡ
ȱʧʱѾ˸ƳԭǸøĶ
֦û顣
뿪Ժȥ顣
鱻ԼķȥʱǽһƬڴߡ
⼸̫ѾҪǵƳûгʱҴСʱĳˡ
ƳҲûбŪļƻգӴһжᱻߣƺѳɶ֡
ջ㣬ʮã̿Ѵ֮ҲҲٻңһһǮ㹻ٻ
Ҳȥ硣
ģҾٵ𣿡
ɫģ˵ֻ
ܲһɲʣŰվѩ㿡ʵԼеˡ
Ȼվǰ⿪´Ŀݣһʾ¶ļ
Լȷʵˣ
üüۼ¶ɫ
ʲô
ͣǰűߣղЬģ
ֳãŮ˰ɡ
ӸµĿ飬Ůδʹ˿ķӦֻ෴С
ֽһƼӵϣĵ飬ԶҪ
԰գ㲻ת򿪷š
ȻȥʱһֱСͻȻǰӡ
˵
ƹ˴ˡ
еķѹȥһЩ˵ʲôˡ
ƹ˵ڵµּżСһ棬ٸҲ١
һʱûг
ūžãֻǼһˣƹòиҪ󡭡
ͷһ۽յķţĸʵǳ򵥡
ǸֶĲԹɫĺӣ֦ģʱһļҡ
ദʱˣϰڰ£ҲĥЩֻϲĥĸ顣
ȻƲ顣
鱾ﲻġ
ţ֪ˣһ͹ȥ
л˵
䶨ʱһëǸշʱĿ¼ʾҪʮӷӦʱ䣬ȷʵˣ£һĩβ󷭣ǿԿµġ
0㡣


75 ˽
֮, Ѳֿʼæµӣֻ, ֮ǰ, ʱ糯ͻˡ
һҲʼճ̡
ǾƳѲĴ顣
òƳʲôһа׼˵, ԼЩһЩϸ΢, ǵǰѡɸ
ƳǸûʲôʶ, ҲǳƬ, Դ඼ģЩ۸൱ģǸġ
Щ, Ƴȷʵķǳ档
ⴺ, Ͽ˵ϲ, Ż, ūĸ׻ɽ
ƳҲ͵ӡ
ǾǷҪӹɤ, ⴺӦһǡ
ƳľˣҲ֪һЩƳļ¡ƳͬԼ˵ĹϵãЩûԼļˣһʼⴺΪֻǸ޸ĸĹŮ
ƳƵ;÷УƵ˵޸飬ųαΨһ˵ùȥ¾Ƕ޻ר, ɲҲ޳֮ûͶ
޶мָ, Ƴ, Լù, ҲƵù
Сʱ¶ƵӲܣֻ̫˵ʱŻ˵һ䡣
Ƶ϶Сûһʲôرֵ飬ȻŲƵĻɽ
ⴺ˼Ƭ̺ǿڵˡū澶ԣū澻ǾãʵĸؾǿܻһЩ
ݲ̵ͬĲһˡⴺѹʲôֵܣɳô˻ᣬ;ʱ
ƳȻ֪ⴺ˼޷ǾȻҾãֻҪڣܽıݹְһ͵ģʱԷ֣򲻻Ϊá
ƳҲ;ܾˡ
ƼǸƵطʲô֮ģʱƳλȶԸȥɫһЩǱʵĺӵܡ
˵Щ̫硣
ͷţⴺȥһˣͬƳةɽ߳ϵǴԺӡ
ةĵ˽Ժйﲻصġ
Ҳ˼صظҸ˽Щĵط
ƳһϰߣǶЩԼķǳˣ²ԶҲϲԱ߿ʹģ
Ƴվӣѣ黹㲻ǸϽ߰ɣȻ¸ûˡ
Ϊ˽ϴ⣬Ƴȥصش˺ü
Էϣǰһŵ̵ĺӵ֦Ĵں棬յչ棬ʹú沨ԡ
黹ΪתղŴ˽ԺҲһء
ܾﲻ̫ԣһֲ̫õԤС
һֱţ㲻ϲҲ˺
ֱĬ֮УС֮ͨһذɴȹƳŶ롣
һһ˼Ĳ뽥վҪߣȴġ
ɴ۾͸żƣŵĵһ䣺ֳ
δͬƳˡ
⻹ʲô׵ģ
һ˲䣬ûмֶԼ³ĵǣǾ絶
޷ţĸ磬ڿĸĸףȻһ̵ֲķʽӶȥֺһˡ
Ƴɨһ飬ȻͬةģҲá
ͷɫĵҵֻһ
ӣԼڽ䣬죬ǰЩǻþ
һҲƳĶԻ
Ƴⴺнӹһֱ۳ĽУȻⴺվ⣬˷š
Ƴиôô˵أʮ֮ôҲиġ
°룬Ҹ飬Ӧһɣ
һӦò¡
Ƴڵϣֽ̧д򿪡
ϻ۵ĹƳ°ϣɨһۣ΢΢ֱٶ࿴
Ƴ˫Ƚ᲻
ûС
ɤ˻ƣֻ˼ң۾һֻԼһجΡ
ۣһоͻǰǸģ
ʳ֮ң۰ĸףµֳһģͻкö
ͷһ飬ԭΪ󺰴УȻûУȻҲҩԵʡ
һֱ֪ʵɵ
ЩĵŮŮЩ˵õͷҲ
ȻҲǶ÷ִġ
Ψһ»ʧȥǣǾǹǸŮ
ҲעӼƳһ̣Ӯ
ʵҲȷ㡣
ǳνʮƫִҪһ𰸣Ǿļ˰ǸŮ
һҪǳԵСܾԺ󣬻ѡҳߣȻ˶
֦󳳴֣ϰֻΪţļһǻվߵģн˺壬ҪĶ͵ǰ
ʵһʼͲΪӪƳֺƳʮĶ飬ʱ¹˭ǾͲһˡ
˴඼ˣ֪ôһ£ʵôһ£˶У˹ףǱʹˡ
ЩӰƳ֮޷͵ìܡ
һƳûж֣ҲһᷴҧƳһڡ
뿴̣ұȳȥˡ
Ƴȴʵ֪ΪʲôҪѵ𣿡
شƳة»֪öЩʲôɡ
ѾҡкѲҽɥȪﻹվǰĲأ
üͷһ
ƳЦǿڿҪһȥһʱʱ̶̿ɱҵˣҸλȥ
û뵽龹ˣ֮ԲӺƳһ󲿷Ϊֻ֣߰ҪҪƳʲô֮£ͻͨ
ϴѲûг棬ҲԸ
ɡô᣿
Ƴʲôʱ£㡭û°ɡ
Ƴ̯̯֣˻ڻš
óϱ˱ȣҪ䵶˽
˭ĺѲôѪġ
鱧Լϥǣ߶Ⱦҡ
硣
վűߣƳû˵˼һʱЩ֡
㲻Զ֣ȥ˹
ƳȷʵԼ֡
ͷة԰Ҷ𣿡
ЩӲܶˣõĻĶУδԶ֣ۣԷʮ飬鲻Ҳ䳯Ϧദʮꡣ
ܾƳĬ˰죬Ҫ̧š
ƳȻվ硣
ֶȻסĴָ΢
Ƴ䵶óͣԡ
֣Ůָϸָڵײȴһ㱡ļ롣
Ұɡ˶٣̧۾Ŀ⣬磬Ҫܾ𣿡
һƬžпڵûС
Ƴ𴽽ǣɿ֣ıĻصԭλҪŶة
ָıӼιʣֻҪôĿӾͿ
*
ƳûֱŪ飬һȥĻᡣ
ӦԺûΪ飬ĿѲϼһ޶
Ƴ⡣
ȻڣԺȣƣͦһĻͰԭƻ̿֡
ͽɥڴ˰ɡ
ȵ˳ʱȥƫһѣٳʱƳѾվլԺſڣЦų´ټة
ӿЩŲ߹ȥ
Ƴʣô𣿡
ǰƬ̺㡭Ըء
Ƕ㣬ĸסЩίˣܻպ󶨼ӱ
ʵʲôģ˵ܾ̫գɲ˵ֲ֪Լ˵Щʲô
Ƴ⣬֪ԼĿʲô̫÷ûʲô˼ټ֮ãԴ˴βδǰǰֱӾܾǵͬǷֿ̫ãͬİ˲޲ֱӻȥ
æûϵϤͺãͬµĴ鶨ºֻҪ֮ǰͺˣǶĳޡ
仰ʵ˺ܶ˼Ƴö
Ϊ̫һǳҪǾҪλȹ̣͵ǿĸ塣
Ȼ֪ûУѲ㹻ǿ󣬶ֶƳ㹻ӣҲܻסƳĿխˡ
Ƴδƣ䴽ǣŶ硣
һĽ
ȴԼѾʼƲסĳУƳ֪ܲ˵
ȵƳԭأӦһ䣺á
ȵƳִﶫʱѲѾӳлˡ
˵ƳѾûʲôҪźѲˣǰʱϰߣǾ͵͵ػӰѣȻȥ
ţкѲɣǿƿ˷ţȻͿѲ̫ʦϣһ̵Ĳ豭
̧ˣ
Ƴ
Ƴһʱ޴ЦмֽӲŵֺãŲȥ׺Ѳ°ͣѲ磬ôѽ
Ѳָָ⣺̫ɽˡ
Ƴѽ
ѲסŮ°ͣҲ䣬Ȼʲôȥˡ
ƳСһ֪Լˣĵʲô
Ҹ㱨ȥ㿪ģ
ѲԶ׼ģԼȥģ
Ƴ˺üء
ôģ
Ƴ§źѲĲϻмβСıѪҺŤŤȥа취ˡ
ɱˣ
ƳһЦŶ
Ѳ
ƳźѲ۾ҽ˰ϻһһ˿ڣͣѪɡ
Ϳ˳ˣ۸ңһ۸ҵʱֻһƣҶˣôء
ѲиּЦ⣬˿ɶȥˡ
ƳɫָŶ
ѲסƳָ⣬ЦⲻڵУǳйʲô
Ƴζ䴽ӱϦĳĺ졣
ɬĴȻںѲߺĵң硣


76 
׵ķ, Ψж֧ժ촵봺ҹ磬Ƴķ˿, βɨںѲĴ, 
ѲϵЦ⻺ȥĶƳƳһҲĸ, ȻķΧչȥǺѲĴʿɲأ
ò
, ɿƳ°͵, ȥ, ֻԼ˿ֿʼ̣طҲʼܡ
һƫѾ, ҲֻܿѲ΢΢ü
˹, ʼΪ֪߳ܡ
Ƴϰ˺Ѳķǵ, ССĺһ, װʲôء
Ѳлع, ǻûгɻ飬㼱ʲô
ƳԺѲı仯֪װǿǵԼɣʲôѽ
ȷʵҲûʲôƳ綼ɻ飬˵˸Ķ, ˵, ɾͲ̫, ȸʲôȥˡ
Ѳ§Ƴû, ƳϸֺĹǼҲСѲʱƳûֿ·ҲܸܵۼǼΪϻ¶ܸܵԵ
Ѳ鲻ԽսЩԼ֣ỬһŮǴѧЩġ
ƳؿڣôҪѧѽҿŸͺȻ뵽ˡ
ǡ
Ѳ˶٣ⰵ
ϲЦ⣬ȴһҲԵĮΪÿһڶƳʾϲ
ƳսĴȻǿ϶ʣô
ѲڻͲסƵ˲ƵĵطȻ͵Ƴߵ˼֡
ƳһʱԼˣѲǸжɣܷӦмĺܽż˵ǽƳǺô˵
ƳһͻȻֲ˼ˣͬѲ΢΢룬Сͨң
Ѳ˵ȥĻᡣ
ľݵļԻʧ̼λãƳһ±ѹ̫ʦϣײõʶЩ£Ѳֻĺûα˵
˵ֳʪǱ㸲ϡ
ʵһĨϦڰɣԾЩʪ䣬ɷȴ㣬֧ժһ˫Ĵִžһϣ˷ڲСй¶ļΪŵԼϵģ̡
ǵ汻ʱԾмֺϡ
ƳʵǰݣֻĸԲڻûг֮ǰ¶ӡڴ֮ǰչ¶ͬѰĵ󣬵ڼ֮ʣ˿߬Ľףȱּ̧ûаȫеƣ֮ȴˡ
ڵĺѲɫݣú̫˵
ڵյѲϣϽһźɫıͬ衣Ů弸׵ķ⣬ϸָĿأɫм־ȡ
̲סѽˡ
ѲŪķǳ棬ջشһ䣺׶׹ˣῪʼˣ
ƳԤ˹ƿọ̈̄ȻߺѲӦô
ԸΥһʼͲܿ
ѲƺƽͬƳ˵ʱºͣһⷽ棬ͻһˣִ³ֱˡ
ڻεƳܵĸ֪֮ʣһΡ
ԼһشˮѲʻĴ
΢ˮ棬ʹˮĺˮİ޴Ĵֻ滺ʻݽˮнһһµĲŪ
籩ϯХһһ޴ķˣҹѷ֮ʣ£һشˮһ
ķ˿ԵѪζͦıϼֱ۳ڴϣ󱳱ס˿ڿʼѪ죬޲һ㣬ˮͦεıϻ£Ůļ
ȵƳֵʱѾƣⲻСĿһƬʺ졣
ƳȻ֮˲٣ץ˵ֱۣˡ
Ѳùܡ
ƳššüУ˿ˣͣ¡
Ѳûһ㣬һŵĳշ㿴ˣ
Ƴˡ
Ѳȴ˵ʲôĻסĴ
Ƴ
Ƴܿû취ôˣҹֱѲˮһЩ
ȵҹʱ򣬷ڲųͣϢ
һһվ֮ĳĬƳһԲĸѲҩȻĸɴ
ɫ̫ãŪԺʣɴһӣ˫ȳȥû˿ҪѲ˼
߳ûһֱֱ۱סĲƳ屻ѲͳƳ
Ĳۡ
ƳҪҲޱȣ
Ѳżûһо˵ˣѿʼˣһҲûϵ
Ƴ촽һƬһ촽ͻ΢΢ˣѲ˼ʼܣԭƳĴƬ̻ǶŮ۵պݺһڡ
Ƴ˹ȥ첲ûʲôѲ˳ץסƳ֣
ԣµ˲Ųãȱ𼱣
ƳĳԼ֣ɳвɡ
Ѳüۼ˼Ц⣬ͦεϰƳȻڴϡ
Ƴﲻͣ߶ѲǲûмŮˡ
оôϢ
ѲɫģƳ§ڻƬ̺տʼȷʵееܡ

ƳĬΣȻĬĬ̧ţһºѲСȣ治Ҫ
ӣٴ
ûһᣬƳĲУѲȴˣַƳСϣʼ
ƳԺһ
ѲֵɰĶǡ
Ƴһ֪ܵ
Ѳǰͷˣû˵
ƳѾӦѲΨһһ˿Լ᲻ỳС
оͺˣкŮĵλͶȹ̡
ƳҲ֪Ƚ׻У֪ȥҸ̫ˡ
ûҲû£һΡ
񻹲Уϻʹš
Ҫٹ°ɣȻָָ
ޱ߼ʵԼҪȹ̵λҲûѲ߶ʲô
ֱҪ˯ˣ߲ģĴһ仰
Һð㡣
ƳˣûлӦ˯ȥˡ
ڶգƳʱѾ͡
գգ۾˼ӻл
ģƳĬĬڱƿ˿ԼѾѲѡ
룬ƳĬĬסԼԼһ߳ܵڱŤ˰죬ƿ͸˿
ܣûˣѲ˯ǿطҲѾǺˡ
Ƴڴһ̵ӣǵʱ򻹲ãʸоࡣ
´ȥԼȻ󻽵ⴺ
ⴺ߽źƳϴѾߣⴺϲϲ⣬ҹˮ;ö򵥣յǰóЩ嵭ĸƳ
ʲôʱߵģ
ⴺ컹ûˣʲô¡
Ƴüͷһ壬ţʲô°
ⴺҲ׷ʲôֻ˵йأ⼸߹ȣûʲô£ӦǱȽϼѡ
ƳŶһƾŮŪڴ£ȵױǰ͸ƽͭһŮǸƷƳԾһЩ
ͷȥĽҲһ˲䣬Ƴŵϵǽ塣
żѪԼһЩ˵ʲôİ߲ʾϷʲô
̶Ƴƽͷɾ࣬ӦǺѲʱʰˡ
˻Ҫ
ƳĿʵ̫ԣⴺҲſ˹ȥⴺƳڹ˺Щ꣬ȻЩ
ƳͮͮⴺƳ˼Ҫū澴˰ɨһ飿
Ƴˡ
ɤӣɲ¶ԼԴ˺ܽŵģ㻻˸⡣
ֵӣ
ⴺţ춼ݡ
ⴺ֪ƳͬҾʲôϵҲ֪˶Ƴһ㡣
ʵ˶䣬ǰٻи飬ȴֻʣˡƺƳһִмſˣƳֽ֮⡣
˵ʲô°
֣Ƴδ̫ôҲҵĵĸ
ƳһѣڵյӦ°ɡ
ⴺ㶣ǣūȥػ
Ƴ˼Ƭֵ̣ڶɣˣطԼȸ¥
ѲͻƳûи֦Լ磬Լϡ
һʱӣƳģѧ˴塣Ѿһ㵫ȻֵھƨԼë޵ԴƳЬ⡣
汻һֻǳ׵ĺɫСŬСͷһ仨
ѰŮܽأԧ죬ƵȣƳŵĶʵѵǴ֮á
ԼʲôЩʵ̫ˣʺСͷ仨Ť˹յġ
һͬⴺȡһ˶ͣһʱȥ˸
ѲʱƳûԼСβ
ѲŶ룬ⴺǳʶȤ£Ź˷š
ѲվűߣƳûһۣڵ
ƳȻûѲʲôǰ˾ܰ
һɫȹСڴߣ͵չĲһͷںĳ纣ϵĶЩı׾ɫİŪȦ
ѲʼվƳһǳ˵¡
Ƴ֮ǰЩթαֶεˣŮЩ˸ֵţǲ˭ģֵãƱֶζ಻̫ܼˡ
ЩƳϵʱ򣬺Ѳ־ܿɰ
֪Ϊʲô
ĵȷαδɱ޹ЩνĺҲԸáݡ
ʲô롣
ڻƭƺҲ˹ȥ
վ˰죬ƳȻûѲôһۡ
õͿʼϧˣ
ƳƳһۣô
Ѳ߽ɨһ۱ƳĲӣûꣿ
ϻͿƳ鲼ġ
ƳüߣȻЦӯӯĵͺ
ƳȡȻ̯˶ˡ
Ѳֽ̧ӹйơ
ƳæӵĵѲ˶ҪЦŲѲᡣ
½ӴƳת˻⣬Թȥæʲôˣôô磿
ѲסƳ֣ûʲôһЩ¡
԰գԶϸӣü˭ģôⲻǵһ ˡ
Ƴҵġ
ѲϴƳΪһֱƳ̫飬ƳòʣԴʱƳǲͲȥ顣
ڹƳݵ£ڻ֪
زƳҲѲʲô̯̯֣ΪĸѲЦҿǸС㡣
Ѳ
ѲƳǰἰɽ£ܶʱ˵֪
һסľݵĵŮǶͬ˵ʱС㱻ûһѡ
ЩһʾƳ
޷ıƳĳֻԺȥһҪģҲȥἰ֮ǰ
ƳǰҲˣд˽ѣӦǸС㡱ЩԵÿЦҲֵ
̽ŵ˵Ů
л˵
Ȳ


77 ޣ
Ƴһ, Ӧǵġ
˶٣ֵҺõҴ, Ȼһ֪ԭھǻء
˺ð, Ѳšüˣ
ɽֱ˸ӴţǻһŮɽѲ֮ǰ˵Ĵ, ֪ʧٹһʱ䣬մ, һʱȥɽ
Լ, Ϊνһ˶ǹط
Ƴ֪Ϊʲô
Ѳ˼һת, ðɣ
֦ͬƵĺӣĸԣϾɱͲˡۺֲ, ƳƵŮ, Ƶܻڡ
Ƴ, Ϊһ, ֦ʧˡ
Ѳ
˵, ʵֲ˭ͷϣҲǴ˿̣Ѳ顣
ŮܿѣûҵҲͰˣһͬŮ󣬸ޱ߸, , ϵ³,
ҲʲôŭԹ顣
Ƴ̾˿, Ȼ§ס˺Ѳխ˫ֻסָ׵Լ⣬ںѲˣѿˣƳͲ㱧ˡ
Ƴ־ͺȻ£˵Ŀϡ
˫ţһһµҡ
߶˵ʵҲûʲôһŮҲ˼£ڻǲǲ̫á
Ƴķ춼ʲôء
Ƴ˻ֱ۵˵
Ѳ¶ΣЦ㵱Ȼû
Ƴ⣬ʵҪ˵ͬϾûĴڣҾûʲôо
ҵԺ˷ϲˡ
ƳһֱţˣֱӴȻСĲµΡ
ô£̡ͦ
Ƴɹע⣬ֽԼ˺ѲѲΪƳûһֱǿСճ⣬ǳϵǰ߽˵㡣
Ƴֺ޸ںѲϣֻнʵֻȣûļһٿȻץƳֱϸ޷֮
죬Сѽ
ѲĿⲻƣʣڸ
ƳƮе飬Ƭ̣ͷΪƾʲôҲ㣿
ѲЦһ˵׼ǲ׼
Ƴһƾʲôá
ѲһԲĺѴ֮Ƴֱӿ˼ϣȻһƳƨɡ
žһǳࡣ

ƳߣѲҴң
ƨɱͱײۣˣ
˵ѲѾߵǰȻƳϣĵǸ´ˡ
ƳﷺỨ㡣

ƳģҲˡ
ԽԽﲻƽ⣬ƨڻӡǹԺҲҧˣ
ѲסƳ֣ûþôܻӡӡ
Ƴüͷһ壬У
ǲöˣ
ǣûþ˿أûӡӣһ顣
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ѲƳ²š
㲻Ҳûá
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ƳЦһ͡
˵һ룬ƳסϺѲĿ⣬ɫ棬һ֪ʣžһºѲ֣
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Ƴʲôˣ
Ѳҡҡͷеġ
ƳĶ
ϺѲĿ⣬ĬΣ˹ܾм֣ɫ̫Ȼˡ
Ѳ˵ͷҩ໹еá
ʲôҩࣿ
ʺġ
Ƴ˼հ˼˲ƶϳѲ˯ԺصڰҹͬҪֵҩȻָҩֲʱ͸ȥôࡣ
Ҳ̫
ƳѲĿ˱䣬Ҳ̫Ҫˡ
Ѳ⼸հնڳī칫żټ󳼣Ĵģ󲿷ֶԼ˵ҪѲ顣
ÿնҪһˣһĸѲѲǰû档
żƳȥʱֱĶƳȻûƳ˵仰һʼѲˣڲףµģƳġ
ԺֻҪرҪ£Ѳˡ
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һƳĿϣСĿűѹֵϲˡ
Ƴһת˷š
ֳ֦Ƴ߽˼һʱЩ޴룬֪ס
Ƴع˼ͶʲôҪ𣿡
֦סͷԲ𡣡
֦֮ǰ˳ֵ׼˵ʲôʲô·ʲôЬӣʲôϸ˼˺þá
θԼҪԼɵƳһĻ̲סҡҶԲ㡣
ƳĿǰŮˣʵѾѽǰ֦뵱֦غһˣڵ֦վǰʱԽֻĴ
˲ͬҵǸ
֦ĨĨԼϵᣬȻƳЦѾӹһ̴ľϻӣ㡭쿴ϲϲ
ƳɨһۣǸССģûɫˮ̵Ŀӵ
ƳûסЦ
ջĿ⣬ˣչͬ˵𣿡
֦ҲƳ²ߣĬĬľϻϣȻͬƳǵġ
Ƴ
ֹ֦죬ŵ֪˵ʲôʱ㶼ҵĲԣ˵ٶ඼û塣
ֻ֪Ҳ벻Ҫ㡭
ʱ䵹ʮǰ
һǳƽ󣬲Ƴڷ˯𲻾֮ǰڳӸƳѻûãֻʹ˳һ͹ȥ
Ȼ˳УֵĴϣһϤס
մȨڳӵмҲڶ֦࣬ΪӵɽͿԶɼȥȻٴصˡ
ʱʵں£ʶΪɽǰԼģƸŲͳѾûע͵͵ˡ
ԭǴȱܿˣȻٻصƸú˼Ǹô죬ֻһߵˣǴʮǿǺá
ɱǴʱܵ;ˣɽصĿ֦ûмǣһ֦Ҫ׷ƺд⡣
֦ϾǸŮӣȻܲǣ˲δɱҪһŮ̸
ǸŮ֦ѾǵʲôˣԼǵãŮҪɱ
ΪҪ̫ߣǾû̸ס
֦Ŷգˣ˷ǵţʱȭߡ
㰾죬֦һҹҵ˳
ƴܣȻ˺ӵͣһһʱѾƣ
δʳ˺ֱۣӶ˹ȥ
ʱһһҹȥ
ֻʻ
ϵ˷֣Щ˸ˣָʳǸ˽ɽǸŵ½ϣԼȥҲУЩȴδԸ
һУòͼڴϣӴ˾ҴϣйõĽˡ
֦Ը裬ӼװһԾ£Ͻˮ
˵ǣû
ҵǣӴ֮ʮ꣬û˼
֦ͬƳʱûнƵǲҵĹ˵ֻƮƮһ䡰Ա⡱
Ƴʵ֪֦ضΪʲô뿪ڵ֦Ҳʮǰ֦Ե޹ʵ
ٴλָʱȴѾʮȥ
ع˵ǵȷһ⡣
Ƴ׵ġ
֦ûвҪ㡣
飬ǡ
Ƴ֦˵ʲôйصƳΪʲôҪ飬Ȿ޽⡣
𰸣ΪеĴ𰸶⡣
֦ȥˡ
֦ҲһЩû飬ʣϲʲô˰ɣ˵ȸ¥Ĳ˺ܺóԵġ
֦ûʲôѣ˵ģҲǴаˡ
ƳǳԹġ
ˣǶˣԼ԰ɡ
֦˰֣ҡҲ
ֿƳϼҡҺܿģϴңҶûкúд㣬Ǻӱҹߵġ
֦æֹס˻
ȥƳɫԼ֪ԼӦƳǰ飬ʮ꣬˵ǻججǱϾҲǳϦദʮ꣬Ѿϰߡ
Ƴɫ糣δ˵ʲô
֦ŷСĵЩô
Ƴʵǰݡ
ǸԼӦö֦Ͷעʲô飬ΪûбҪҲֵ̫á
ÿÿ֦ʱǺûϢĿƲסԼҲ̲סί
ʱӲԼԼ֦ٴοƲסԼʱžԼÿ
һʮûŮίͬԴף޷׷ٵĿ顣
Լĵط
ƻƳԭҪȾһԼЩıȻ֦ΣȻ󲻹˵ʲôӦ
ٿڣƳֺȻʧȥ£̯̯֣Ը˵ˡ
ȻҲԸ̵棬ֱڹĲ̫á
֦Խæôˣǵ´㲻û£ɣǲˡ
Ƴҡҡͷ´Һܺá
ֻ˶䲻
֦ü˵ʲôô䲻ϣ´ࡣ
ƳҡҡͷҲֻˡ
һС򣬾֮ǰ˵һȷʵǡ
Ů黭ͨȷһŮ춼ᡣǰͬ࣬żѵңԾˡ
˵һеˣԶû취ԼλãҴ־˰ɣҵȷ䲻ϺѲ
ƳĻյԷǳԣ֦΢һ㣬ܷƳǹˣ֦ƳԶǵǸʲôһ֪СŮ׵ľͱƳĻߡ
˵ƳǹģҲʲô
֦ǣɫ̫ÿ˭ô˵㣿
Ƴ˭أ
֦Ȼվû£ûµġ
ҵȵȣ˭˵ȹ̵ģô᲻ȹ̡
֦Щһֱǵùҹ㣬ûʲôѣҲûʲôĿģͻȻԼĿꡣ
Ƴĺá
ԸĳҪʲôóԸ
ԲôƳеվںѲǰ


78 ȡ
֦ûҪʲô, ΪȥǷ
Щ˵ľǽȥƳ־ܹṩʵ̫, ôҲûҵƳ˿
ôִ, ĥʮ꣬ƾʲôȡء
Ȩ, ôͷֿǵһĲ, ҲӰϾڶ
ڴ˾ȥ̸ԸԸмֽ, Ůӵ̶ʵ̫, һһⲻ檣ٻ, ܴﵽһˡ
֦Ϊ
ʱǵ͵Ĵҹ, , ͬĸҲǸĸ֮, ˷, о֮мĶһжйоأֱĳ֣״
ǸŮˣһķǴžδЭ
һʮ꣬ĥҲûкڹ, ܸıʵ̫, һֱԼķʽ˵ŷ
Ҫİ, ֦, װѾҪΪҪĽضѡ
ڣȴʼԼ
ֵ
ļͥϵƳĿǷԼʮѻνļֵ׸ʲô
Ƴվ֦Ҳվľ𣬴Ҫ͸Ƴ־ƳӣԾִٵıڻ
㵽ΪֹƳδʹ¶˵ˣɫЩˣ㻹ǿЩȥɡ
֦ЩᣬԵԼûкúõظƳ˵仰
ƳĿľϻɨûҪӹ˼̬ȴûиʱǰĮǵֻǻЩϰ߰ˣϾЩ궼Լһˡ
֦һȻĿϣĵû£´ټ𣿡
Ƴ̽ڴĿ⣬Ȼá
֦ЦֳƳ߽˼ᣬп㶼ô˰
ƳһܹҪġ
߳ţ֦ͬˣ㲻ңҴỹҪ´㶫ȥ
ûԷЩɡϴξҺܲġ
֦æӦãá
Ƴ˵ͷǷֹɣ
ֻ֦ͣ²ӣȻĿƳ뿪
֪Ƴ¥ݣӰ֦ЩʧĴӣҲ֪´μʲôʱ򡣡
ѾˣС㶼ӦˣպС㣬ȻͲǰˡ
ֺ֦Ÿմطڷűߴ򿪣ͷ߳һױݾµĸˣ˶ˣ
֦ƽղţ⾩ǹ˵ȦӸ漰ʶǰˡ
һԵѾߵѵˣ֮ޡ
֦Ӧʲô𣿡
֦δϣɫϲû˵Ǽ䷿ڱ߳һ֦ʶĸˡ
λǵ§סֱ֦ۣ֦̫ӦʶҪ룬ȴΪ飬
ˣҷſͣµ㣬˵˵ɲˣǷŻ̸أ
֦ԣ̸ң
һ˵ˣȱӲãͷأǲǽͷ˵ա
ǰ⼸λԶ׼⾩ǹƼҷˣôһҵ඼ׯæµնڸС
ʵȻڷ֮䣬вͬСȦƴӶв٣֦ҲյһЩӣûȥ
ܾɻû˵Щ˱ӵŴ˷䡣
˿Ǻ¶ģ֦ϵͬҹϵҲһЩ˶֦̬ȷǳ顣
֦ԭͲǸǿӲˣԼ㲻Ը⣬Ҳ̫˼ܾ
Χ¯ϵĲһλָ֦ݹһ̶ңˣơ
֦һȤܸӵĳһڡ
ˣôȸ¥ˣ
֦е顣
ѹûߵλ¾Ƕλɡ
һҲŵ˵ǽƳʲôġ
֦ǽƳ
鱻̫ӳȥ֮λһ£ʹˣ֦ף¶ƳҲʹ
˵żƳΪ¡
շ΢˱仯һλḾ˵ˣҲĪҪģƳģڵߴꡣ
һŮɣ˲֦ͷΪԼˡ
֦üͷ˵ʲô
Ҳˣʲôĵ̫ʵ⾩û˰
ԭƳ˵ûЩ˵Ļһһ䶼Ƴغϡ
ɫܵʱҲԼ䡪
žһױˤڴϣ֦º͵ϲ˪
˽סʵˣô
֦վĿһһɨǰˣǽҹģ
ͬ˳ܣҲֻǵ䲻ֵõͷ㣬ҵŮ˵̫ӣʥϣá
ǣˣŮ𡭡
֦ȴͬǶֱͣӷ뿪
ʱƳ֪ߺһ
˵ҪȥѲɲڲ֦ġ
ϸµĹ۲죬ƳֺѲ÷СʳжӣʲôУֻǲǰϽһҾƷ÷ƺܳȥѲһ
ϽֲԶһӵĳ̱㵽ˡ
ֻƷδҲ̫Щǰͷ˳һӡ
ⴺǶмջҪȥǶȱ裬ūȥš
ܱУƳ̧ÿڶ¥˴Ŵɱңңһ
л˵
е٣ˡ
Ҳʼͷ۲֪ǲǣʹӣҪʹûˡ
쿴ܲܲɣҪ÷


79 ףޣ
, ֵչ, ݼͶµӰں, ԵмֻްʱƾԣӸµĿƳ
Ƴ﷭˸, ĵô
ϻʵһղһգѲǻѳɶ, Ѳڽ, òίߡ
תͷ, ֻû繲һ꣬, ͬһɡ
Ȼûһ, һСһʳ, , ƹ, Ҽҵ÷ơµ캮ﲻȥСһᡣ
ƳƵǹˣҲ;ܾ΢ЦЩߵº⣬ϲŶľƣͲٷˡ
Сɫģĵ²µ׼, µǲȥ, Թ, վԱ߸ɡ
Ƴ
ٴ̧ͷ, ԾվǶ´
㲻ǽҲǻҵӣΣƳøֵ̫ѿƳ治
ֻ˶εֻҪˣת£´𡣡
С˼ǵ¾ֻȥݷˡ
ƳɫûסſĿⶼ˼ֲͷ
˷·˻ֲ̫ǺѲΪһŮƤպʲôϢ
Ƴֻõͷ£ҲȷʵЩˡ
ԸⴺⴺŰɡ
ⴺǹܲӵ£ֻӦ¡
ƳС˴¥⴦ط£֮ٴԿŵĳӡ
ƳȥʱѾӳ߽ȻʩʩȻ
ƳȻ˹ˣȴʮֲԸǰߴˣĥʲô˼
̧֣ƹɡ
Ƴ£ɫȴÿ
Ƴڲ̫ǵǰ״̬
вԸ⣬ǹˡ
ں磬Ƴһߵ̬ȶǾԶ֮ܵԷá
ֱƳѾͬ˵ػȻûӡ
֪ǺĿģܲϲɣ
ɫαϣ޴ŵһ˫⽻һ㣬͸˵ϲ㰡
ƳƳܣ˶ǺԶӦǵĽ̸ƳԷ
䲻̫ϲ磬Ҳɷϣĳ棬ȷͬЩƣ˽ҲŤŤ
ƳŶϲ⣿
̯̯֣ϲܽ⣿䱦
Ƴüвʣĵǲݵλ滹ϲѲġ
ʲô飬ҾɶǷθ֮ԡ
Ƴ˳ǣ㲻θ֮˵ʲôӦ
϶һ١
ƳһҪžͼ˫иֳ˷ɱԾԾԵ̾
档
ƳüͷԽԽûɣ
ЦЩźϧͿҵĻɩˡ
ôͱһֽȵˣҶûüͬ顣
Ƴʵ̲ˡִ˵ߵδ̫Щʵ˵̫ͬӵ£ֻҪǸˣ¶֪Ӧѡ˭ɣ
ƳĻǲ棬ҲգȻҾϲѵӡ
Ƴڣպ治𣿡
ƳȻν⣿
ƵȢΪ޵ȷ˸ж˭еģһжڻְ֮ϡ
Ƴ۾гһգأ
Ƴһʱδ
֮ǰ⡣
ʵ̫翣ɷϣƿصĶȴҲץĶ
ѲˣĳʧˣԭĹֻҪãϻʺӹ̳裬ͬʱԼʱѲҲ䵽ȥ
֪ʲôȷ²Ҫô򵥡
ƳɫЩ䣬ֹʲô£
ͬû㣬ͬҵ˵ˣֲǸС֣ԭŮǿɾ˵ͨˡ
ƳȷʵʲôˣҲƲϻְɣ
̫⣬ߵ£û˴𣿡
һ㶣Ƭ̣漴̾˿ıִ
Ƴ˵㣬ΪѲĵܵˡ
ع⣬֪Ǹʲô𣿡
ǰĲˮС̹Ϊû²裬漴ֻ¡
ڶϣģ˶˵ӡ
ѲǸâ¶ˡ
ķâ˳ݣȴη塣
˵ƳǰǶ䵭ġ
ǽڰ֮ϵġ
絭ôһд˰ɡ
Ǹɶõĵ֮ģǣܣˡ
ֱ۴ľ棬ĿⶢƳպȨûʱݸ𣿡
ֿɲȸʣҪǻȨպǻһεıȻһ塣
Ƴһʱδ
ܲϣֱͬԵȷмֵ
ѲǸиˣѲİʧ죬Ѳ״ڶ֮ʱ
ѲȨʱҾǵڶҡ
أ
ȷѲһ棬Ȼ˵ˣѵ㲻˼𡣡
ҲҶİԶȻֶİ̡
豭ˮ棬˵ƾ翵İܸʵʵĶ
ƳȤ̧̧۾ʾӡ
ɱƽƳüֻȨ֮˾Ҳ
Ȼϲ㣬ɶ˵˵̫ǳˡ
İǰϵĽװ
ƳȷмĶ
̧¿ȥⴺѾҪŵˡ
¥У¥֮ȴ֮ԳȨ赭дɹжΪ֮ɥ
Ƴδֱӻش磬ǵңȷ̫Щ
Цҡͷ㻹ǲŰ
㲻ΪңΪܰѿغѲΪϲ㡣Ϊϲ㣬Բŵ뷽跨ס㰡
ƳȻԴ˲мһˣŴȱ˵ֻȨ֮ˣôϲϲӦõġ
ǡʱⴺѾŵž¥¶Ƴ˸к
ƳվѾҾͲˡ
Ҳ֮վƳķӦżشңٻشҲǿԵġ
Ƴδܵĸ˸뿪ˡ
Ƴߺ󣬺ڸ¥֮ϣĿ¥µƳֱԶΪź̾˿Ȼת
һ˿ڵƹȥ᲻̫ͬӵ˵£
鿴ܺã¶Ц⣬ᡣ
ֹƹﵱôֵֵ˴¡
üĿһ䣬ֵ
ǴЦ˵ϲ¾ô𣿡
ʵ̫˶һˡ
ɡƹϲĲ̫ӵ𣿡
ϵЦԽƶϲκˡ
þöûˣѲֲĺãܡ
ҪõƳĺܼ򵥣ԣ;֮ڿڣڡ
ᰮˣһŰֽİֽݡ
ĺÿɰҲü򵥡
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Ƴδٴйص飬ҲδȥΪÿȥһѲͻȻȻԺȥ
ƳƽҲû£һ˵ʲôȽ˼ĶͻȥȥȻѲҲ棬óԵҲǣֻǺѧˣԳȥʡʲôˡ
ƳܾúѲʲôֵֹĶȻΪʲôÿһѲ̲ס
֮Ҳǡ
ţ˺Ѳû̲ס͵͵ڸʲô
ڰ칫Щڿ飬ǿǻƳġ
¶ǻûѲͻ֣סÿζƲסԼȹԹ߹ȥȻ˿ϷĿ
ҲʱƳŷ֣˸֪ˡ
ȻƳΪ˿ԼҲֻССģ˼˼һ£ֻҪѲͷʲôˡ
ôûϢƳԼҲ÷
С̫ԣѲۺ𣬳յģ˭ˣ
Ƴܲ˵ԼԼںѲ§Ĳʼǳպ˻ʵն𣿡
ûʱңֻĴ󳼡
ѲƳԿαϣƳ²ն𣿡
ڣ۶Ҫ§š
Ѳ룬ǸСճⰡ
ƳŤŤӣǲ⣬ʮֿŵĵ㲻ңҲ˵
㱧Ҿҹұűһûи顣
Ѳ˫Ȳ濪ƳӭԼϣ˫§ȣû˵̲סȥ
ƳܾˣҪƤˡ
Ѳ򴽣˼ε춼ҪƤ˻ӹ²㣿
Ѳ˵ִ꣬Լ仰˼
һϲȲ§ƳվȻڶ۵鰸ϣĴǣԭ˼
ƵĵطƳû˵;Լǰһ
ֹޱˡ
ǡ
Ĳǰ
ƳԼǸϲˣԺѲһֵģӦõУʱϲźѲ
˺һᣬԱķϣĵˣѲѾǵĺѲѧʲô츳
пհһƬֻʣԺһ֡ʹϹҵļëӲȣǰһֱΰΣʸžž졣
ֱʱԺƳű
ںѲϣ޷ʪС߶һ䣺磬ỳеġ
л˵
һҪ÷
ͨðĲ̫һ


80 
, ˵ӰӺ޼϶Ľһ
ѲˮָƳճϵ, ʪĳĶ, ʣ˵ʲô
Ƴͷֵظһ飺ỳеġ
Ÿһ˵꣬ƳԼԼڵı仯, üŤŤ, е, ô
ѲƳĴ, ǰȻ£һ߶һƳ³
Ƴֱ۵ס۾, ǰôûô
֪˶, ӻƻ֮һֱǵ, Ƴͷ, ȴҹĻ, 紵ʹЩƵķ˼
۵Ĳ붯ѲҲûбȥԡһڴϣ˴Ỻĺ
˰ķ磬ƳͻȻ˼һ٣֪ûش
ѲֱۻƳС, ͸͸
Ƴɫ˱, е㲻˼Ƿšǽ˼ˣ
ƳǸе, ˵֪߳Ҳ, ·.Ҳã֮ĳЩʱ򻰾ǱȽ϶࣬ǳ˼ɣ뵽ʲô˵ʲô
ƫƫƫŴ̼ܰѲʶʱͬ˵ԶѲÿζ죬ıˣֻôˣ
뷽ţƳڿʼ֪Ĳ˼ԭеʱֺЩΪʲôشǲǹģ
ѲǴЦ¡
˶٣ֲģѾǶˣ˹û
Ƴ˸̧ȽԼȴںѲϣĻģ
ѲַƳϥ䣬һ
Ƴŷ°ͷںѲļͷʼһûһĸ˵
ԼַԼСϣգգʪ˫Ӻᡣ
ѲÿζûʲôƣѲֵ٣żԼ˶ܱɳȥ
ѲָƳϣ࣬Ӧ´һЩ
Ƴţ˼ʼɢбôþҪײûˡ
Ѳ
סô춼Щеûģ
Ƴʲô˵Ĳ𣿡
һιϴڲŲ£ôҪĵġ
Ѳ᳤ôģҷġ
ƳԵºѲһĪִֻҪϺѲĺӣѲ֮ǰǣͻҲٶһֳ롣
պ޷ѲİճҲȥ
ѲֻСûٳ
ƳĲô˵ˣ㲻ǲһСɣ
Ѳ§Ƴ§ĺܽƳգôᣬֻǾá
ǲ֪ôݣ˶ٻû˵ڣֻкˣûôϲˡ
Ȼˡ
ʱֱ޲ýƳ븹˴ӡ˫֮УʶѪڵ£Ȼڴޱȡ
ʼҲûã˽ϣƳԶǣκζЮȥʲô
׳ŹŮʱ£УƺŮӵΪÿŮӶҪʹ˶Դ¶˼ӡ
ȴԭһռ£ǰĺѲδȥע⣬ͬһΪֻһϡƽС¡
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ɡ
Ƴ䴽ĵûкҲϲϣƳϲѲҲϲˡ
ⷽ˵Ѽֱͬҳ㷹һſھ§Ѳôᣬϲˡ
Цʱ򴽱߻һС΢У۾ļĿ˭ʱܻһĿĴ
ԴʼգѲɹƳܶණȴûлɹĸ顣
ЩƳԹΪĻѣںѲ԰Ϊǰᡣ
һ㣬Ƴ֪ı˭
֮ǰĲݣƳڷ̹ȻһЩΪѾѲޱˣһոһյദδĲ̷Ŵʼ˵ѲĵĻҲûʲô
ŤŤȻֱ۳ӣԼӶںѲϣ̶۵ѲĶҳкѲ˵仰ʱļ䣬Ȼѧſڡ
ŲԵСģһһûźѲĿڡ
磬Һð㡣
ԴӺѲתض칫ԺƳͬѲ֮ദʱͶ˲٣ƽҲ£ܰ͵ĵ壬ȥѲᡣ
ѲǸΪרעˣʱǲƻģҲżʵ̲ʱ
գƳͬȥѲȴڿҪ߽ʱײ
Ķ࣬ΪĶν£Ȼ˳㡱Ƴ
⼸ΪѲľܾĴһЩû뵽ջƳײ
ӿŲ߹ƳǰǾûû˵ڣ͵͵һ䣺ƹ
ƳһżŸѲԲδͬ˵뿪
סƹ
ƳŲסʲô𣿡
ɷһ˵
ڱϣƳͬҵĸҲôˣҲԲδܾ
ʵֻƳ˵仰ˣֻ֪˵ЩʲôסƳԵȵƳô˵ʱֺ˵ʲôƳмֵĶ
ܱߵĹŮ̫ྡƳˣŵȷм׮Բ¡
ŵ£
Ƴ̾˿磬ʵĿǰմڶĴңӲ˵֮£ʹܾ̻̲λ߻ӡҲ̫ЩΪβأ
ƳԼôһĵܵܣ취˸ˡ
Ļڡ
⣬δһʱΪƳ󣬶ü磿ʲô𣿡
Ƴδ򵥵Ľϴ֮¸һ顣
һʼ֪ʲôˣӽѲʲôĿģպͬضʱƳδ
ĬΣ漴ֵȷ̫ӵµһС
˻ν⣿
һʼƳ֪Ѳĵλȹֻ̣ôʱ䶼֪Ϊʲô˵
ĸϵͬϱȲ˶٣ͬһٵ۵ϳЩ費Ӻ־պգֻǽ꣬ѾúӾǡ
ǶԵµв£ҲȻ֪˾塣
ƳšüɡѲԼµĴ𣿡
˼Ѳ£ûһʵۣĸԸΪ˭·ġ
Լ谮ĶӣұԵͬѲʵʵ۵Ļӣࡣ
֮Եȷ޵ƵµǻǴδ֮ǰʵ˴ڹ۲֮С
Ҳܲǲǹܲ
ôܲˣ
ΪɹˣǲǵΪֻҪ£ⶥΪȨ׵ܵñӾһڵµͷϡ
ʱҲҷˣ۱£̡
ǾΣһϻʵϣѲѡܲڷ˺Ѳɣ
ЦЦȷʵᣬһû˵꣬Ҫǣ±Ϊ˻Ȩײϵˡ
Եǲġ
Ƴһ죬ĵˣǡ
˵ͷ¹˭֣ڻ¶ۡ
תƳұǱȽϿõµģڳеǺȵ˵ģĴֻ˵ǶԵ´вҪҡºѡ
ƳĬΣֵҲ̫ġƳ˶ֵԶһߵġ
ƳѡѲѡ磬ΪʤٿΪеѡĺ
Ƴָ˼תԺﵽ塣
ĳһ˵ƳʵԸͺ˽ֻʱԸޱΨаϵĶ
ʣ磬Դʲô𣿡
΢΢üĶд֮ԲǣҲҪ˺
Ƴܾмֱ
˽ģȻúѲٴ󱦣ȴѲ໹һС
ȭͷɣƳǽĬļ䣬ĬĬ˸
ѲȷΪ˻Ȩײϵˣǡ
Ǿ仰ҪλںѲɲǻǾƲʵĿġ
̫ãֻòʧ
²֡أ
л˵
Ҳ


81 
Żƽ, ѲܹԸܵеæµ
Ƴʼھнɢ˵Ҳδʽ, ƳҲȻסڶ, ҶƳƫʵ˲붼ѡ
䲢δҲûпƳݣԹƳϷ绯, һʱҲϾ˲෹̸ֵʡ
Ƴһγףжм, ԭǸûʲô, ʼַ, Ѳ⼸һֱϤԼѧϰǡ
֮£ѲȻסЩ, ȥ׼, Ҫ֮ǲ䷳
ֻǽ, Ѳ񲿳ʱɫȴĵˮ
н, ͵, ҲѴǸɹ䴺ļλʦƣֻǽʱ䣬ּҪһ񼫸ߵķۣ顣
ѲסŲӸµĿУ, Ҳǳϳ, ²ҽڡ, ¾ҪƺõĻ͵
һ, ¡
Ѳ²ظ˴δڹ¶ԵҪԣϣǵһΣҲһΡ
˵أ
Ĭӣ˫ֽںѲǰϲ֪Ѿ亹ֻõˡ
Ѳ뿪ֻûм빬ʼһԵ̫࣬⼸Σ
£ʥ⼸յĲΪתʥмѣǰȴŹȥκˡ
˶٣ֵ֮⣬⼸ճȥмλ˳г衣
Ѳšüλ˵ô񣿡
黹ôӰǰ˵Ϊʥϴӹӻһλ׷ͯյĵʿʮǰɽϽܹ˵㻯ʮò˥ϣ⼸ķ
ԻʵУûʵ֮ԾŨΪΪ񣬶ʱȴƣ壬ųɽΪʥҽΡ
ʥÿֻˮһ룬۷硣
ūҲֻ֪ӣʥϺνķˮ󣬵ȷٱ
ѲЩ֮ǺܸȤֻǲ֪ڸЩʲôһνĸƷۣҲΪ
˼䣬һ̫첽ӭǰ£ʥ巵ȥ
Ѳδ飬ֱӾȥ巵
иһ˵Ũû߽洫Ц֮
ϵòǣʮ࣬òԾɲʮͷЩεС˼Сûеζ
Ѳȥʱʸڻʵۼͷָһ֦ιʵ
Ѳ밲Ķһ٣漴£̫ˣҪȻرܰɡ
ȴ°ɣػرܡ
˹°ͣȥˣ˷ⲻνأ޽Ҳͬйأؾн
Ѳ̨¾˵ĵЦʼδһԡ
ѲΪ̫ӣȻܶԻʵ۵¶๣ЩȻδ󣬵念ʱ򣬹ڵȴһ㶼ȱԴҲϰߡ
ȵ˵꣬ݲƵĿѲɤӣ漴żɽ
λ꣬Իʮһһ⣬ֽ󹬴ľ˷Ϊ޴ˣ˷ͣӹ֮λҲĲ̡
ڿտķͳɣԻΪ̫ӣΣ
⼸һ𰸵⣬ݶԺѲԶǽڲΣԼȨϵģںѲԼֻҪ̫֣һֻ۱һֻۡ
ĬΣѲǵΪ²ס
žһƽͷϵĹӦأ֦ѵһأæأϢŭ
ѲʹͷδԣǵȷΪ²ף򵥵һݷˮʹöڴ̫ҽ޲ߵĺݲ棬˽бضΡ
ѲϢŭ
վźѲϢŭޣûλ̫ӵǲǾѾȲͷˣ
Ѳҡ
ĺݺˣһĲʹʹûʵ۵ݲ٣ǰ˫Ƶ˫Ҳûǣ¶ƵĵʵδȨִ
أŭѾɢ࣬Ϊ˳ؿڡ
ʵڶԺѲ𣬲˻ô˭ǻʵۣѲݾڳٸߣӣһ仰¡
ˣҲͬ˵
˻֣߳һλŵŮӣŮƸȣϸһɴٶޣ֮ࡣ
һ̫һ£Ҳͬƽϡˣضȥ֮á
ѲûȥŮӵܾʣ
ݾѲϣף޲һ㡣
ûиѲܾأ˴νѯʵǶô
ǰĺһֻ۱һֻۣӺЩˣĺѲͳв
Ѳֻõͷл
巵ԺںѲΪѲ̫죬ЩϣСǰץס˺Ѳ䣬£ȵūҡ
ѲһԲĳԼ䣬ѩӭǰǿ⽿εεˣ£⡭
ѲŲͣ巵һξʱŵ㿴ŰɣһǮؼңʲôҪĶɡ
һŶԹڵأںѲűߣĪҪūߣʥԡūǱߣֻ·һ¿
ʥҲѲ͹ˣδù˵ֶΡ
Ѳܲ³룬ƳҲĲͬŻ£Զϴܻһ¹ڻ
޷̺ѲΪһŮӲּֲɢֻּ򵥵ķʽԵȨ
ѲɫÿƳ޹ȴҲŮӡ
ѩʱ£ҷģūȰŻضʱٽزʱ֪Ľͳȥ
ҲΨд˼ƿС
Ѳƣ룬Ǳ㰴˵İɡ
ȵѲضʱȻĺĺϣȥʱδ죬һ·С
ԴƳԺ󣬺һжڷ΢ı仯Ų꣬ȻҪɻˡ
ǰںѲɻ鲻ѰһԼʵˣȻྴĹȥ񾹾
ϲ˵Դ˴δڴƳٰ֣Ƴĵطǲѹأ󲻳һ
ڽһ£Ѳȴ޲ա


82 С
ںѲȥǰ, Ƴ
ǺԼĪҲǰȥˣԽվ˹ߴƳ
ƳſʼԲߡ
ܻ, Ҵʱ, дϣȻ󼸾һУͻĸԸΪá
ʵֱӶԸ, һǷ̫󣬶ǲֵ̫á
Ƴ´հǰ˺, Щͬ, ЩӰɳİ, 뷨ֱָɴࡣ
Ȼϻʵ˵ʲôزĻλ跨ɱ˺磬ú硰ȡı, ȻѲΪʵ, òס
ʱ˺һ, һ̸
ó, ޱ, ֵȷʧΪһüƲߡ
Ҳ輱Ŷ֣ݾ߷á
ںƳ飬ʱǴӦԵмֹ죬ܾȻУõĴʽһʼͬƳ˵ǰ㣬ܾҲӦ, ֱӸܹȥ
, ҲƳӵ
ǰŲ, Ѳűˡ
Ƴڻ԰ߵ, ǡջĺѲ˸š
Ƴһ㶣漴Цݣ˷ܵĳѲ˻֣ȻȹڳѲ˹ȥ
ѲסŲ¶ݵЦ
㡣
ſ˫ۣһ˲ŮĻУһ磬ײһ˲䣬ѲС
ͬ＾ա
ǹʵָоݣֿԸΪʵڴȣԼŬȫ塣
Ѳ£˫ۣ§סƳ
ŮһֻСϲղ򢣬Ϊʲôô
Ѳʱµˡ
ѲǱָµ飬Ƴδϣһ䣺ôô¡
ѲƳһͬ£װģ̾˿ȷʵĳСˡ
Ƴ㲻˵Ұɣ
Ѳôҡ
Ƴߺƽϣ漴־սѲϸţʲôζ
ѲһʱҲδӦʲôζ
ƳţȻ϶֬ζ
Ѳʧˡ
Ѳû˵Ƴжʱô˵
ֵʥϸŮ˰ɣ
ⶼܲµǰ˰ɣ
Ѳ˵ͷԼȫûǸŮˣûǸﳤʲôģȻûڣƳȲһѣ
ʥϽΪʲôļŮӣʲô֣
ԭҪѿڶĽӲ˻ȥ־Υģĸоٴӿͷ
ѲʵشһŮӣӦǽİɣҲ֪ʲô
ԭŮӣǾûʲôˡ
磬˶Ҳǰ׽в
Ƴ
𣿡
Ѳˡ
Ƴʾ⣬Ǹôʥϸ͵ˣǰͣͰ˸ߣЩ˵ȥ
ѲƳ̬һҲ⣬Ĳɵһ
˵䣬Ѿߵ˻ӰӣѲѾϰÿ
ΪѲƽҲһˣƳһʱỹδĲԾ
˼ʥϸѲŮ¡
ȻѲΪ̫ӣպǻضҪ檵ģԺѲ߲ԶֻһˣһһҲûʲô
˵ûʲô˻ǾµûţƳһ㶼Լȥ⡣
ŮϻʵȻûֱѡַӦˡ
ѲҲûٳ˸¡
˺һᣬǺѲûסȿڵƳ
ƳعϺѲɫĿ⣬ֲõԤУô𣿡
ϻʵۣ˵ҪһŮӵ̫ɣ
Ѳ˰죬дǺһᣬſڵѵûһо𣿡
Ƴһ죺ʲô
ѲԽԽﲻϣһַǳȻ̬˵ǲô˵񶼻һԹζ
ż֬ζΪûеһʱĹûǸŮӣ
¶˵˽ӻظˣôһ㷴ӦûУ
ƳȷûѲЩһʱûܻشĳ
ϴվô˵޶ԣԼǸңˡ
ӦƳŴЦ磬ĺɰ
Ѳ±졣
ƳҵȻ֪ûҶ֪ҸﻹҪ㰡
Ҳ˵ͨ
Ѳܿ־Լ񲢲ǺˣҲ֪ԼЩĸоӺζ
ʼգƳЩʵ֮ܳΪ⡣
ֻѡ
Ƴǰס˺Ѳͬôϲ㣬ȻߵĽѽ
Ǻܶʱûа취ֻ
ֲ
ƳҲѽ
Ϊҷǳǳϲ㣬Ҳ㣬ΪʲôҪأ
ǳǳϲȡ˺Ѳû˵§Ƴȴ˲١
ͷȥǺѲĴȻѲǿɫǳС룬͵͵ģ
ֻ׼㱻һŶ

ҹһֱҹϨ
峿ѲʱƳ˯ͷŮգȻ˴
ϰ߱ź£ҪѶҹ﹬Ůǰͽģ볳ƳҴҴϺ߳˷š
糯ʼ磬ûʲô£ʶҲ硣
ѲһڹţźԭҪȥ󳼣һŮȥϲʱһСŪ˲ˮ˺Ѳָ
ŮæģҲʲô£Ѳ̧ʾ¡
ϰԵóӲãҲǴʱֲԾ
ֻ̯ӵмһֻŤŤС巨ңžϸܣСֺŷ۷۵ͷ
СĶϴһɫСֲ񣬿ɰˡ
ѲûסЦ˳
Ӷ˰죬ָϵˮѾϣҲûӲһ¡
ͼͬƳֱΥ͸УϻҪСﻹվȻ֪ʲôʱ͵͵˹
ֱѩѣѲŴҴѲ˲֣ȻСĵĽڻС
ȻƳ
ʵϣÿμƳʱ򶼻
ʱ仹磬Ҫȥ
֮󣬺Ѳûٵ飬ֱӾͻ˶⻹ͷһأ糯ͻȥûһʱ
صӰʱǡǳʱ̡
ƽʱƳǸո
ȻգȴˡƳⴺڻӰڡ
ӰڵĹŮ£ƹӡ
֪ȥˣ
ŮҡҡͷūҲ֪ƹֻⴺһˡ
ѲƽղƳУֻΪƳ˽⣬ʵ벻ʲô£ֵƳôȥġ
һŮ̽ŵΪ˸÷ƣ
ū澽˳ʹһⴺ㣬ⴺҲû˵ֻ˵ʲô÷ơ
ѲȻǵϴƳŶľƣֻϴƳһ˺üȾ֮ˣĿǰΪֹһûꡣ
һȥ򣬶мֹ졣
Ѳ򴽣漴Ըȥ
ѩһ·ͬѲһ·ϻͬѲЩڴﱸϸڡ
Ѳ˴γƳȻҲǻʲôʲô£Ĳſ
ܿ죬ִϽ־Ʒ
ȻϵǣƷŽգվŶδš
ѩСĵĿһۺѲɫȻ£ƹδţ뿪ˡ
ʱǹŮͲȷƹû⡣
䣬һС̫Ҵҹ£ū澷ڶ¥¿ƹ˵ƹӦ档
⵹ǺðˣѩѲѯʵ£ǽȥƹǡ
ںѲʱҴһ治ȥ
߽¥ȥ


83 Σ/
峿, ЩأԲ¥˺, һɨ, ǼУƳ
Ѳʲ̵ּһƳ̫, ʶһҾӭ, ѩʳƳ䡣
ԭƳҲû, ˸ִҴҳȥˡ
ѩ, ƹǲһˣ־ƷĲ¥˷䣬Ʒأ
ѩԴ龳ϰ, , ѷչһʱҪ׷ҵĵز
Ѳĵ²Ҳ޵, ƽնƳݾӶ, Ҳ֪ƽڶ¿ɸ, ʲôҲǺõġ
Ѳʵң֪ʲôȥˣ
λʱʲôû˵СҲ֪
ѲƬ̣򴽣ˣļ䷿Ƚȥ
Գơ¡Ľһ, ҵɴ˫, ϥЩ, ԭҪܾĻɤ, ɰ컹ʵʵĵȥԿס
ƽĴԹ󲢲٣ǵһ ̫ӣɶû˵
ѩӹԿףѲߣ֪ʲôͷĺõĶŵ˾䣺档
·ģ
ѲŲܿ죬ƿŻûȥͬѩȳȥɡ
ѩᣬʶȤǵ£ū澾¥ǵƹ
ѲһŹϷš
Ƴû£ؿ϶벻ɵ룬Ƴˣ
ƵƵվţ˿գûסóϸꡣ
ϸ˵СӣƳһ˾
Ѳſٿһ飬̬мϲеСû취Ŀÿ
߶ôġ
ȻŲ㣬ͷ㴫һŲѲ߬С
ű򿪣ƳɫÿԿžһϣͷ͸ĺ籧Թ
Ҳ˵ĸԼҲ
罫Ȼ߽Ƴ̬ɢſʮ쿴ƳƵĿڣ
ջ˸䰡ҿɲΪҲŵطȺ¡
ܼ԰˵һ䣺û˿С
Ƴ¶Ӷֻǲͥڵĸߵýˡ
õʱ򴫽ѲѾ͡
Ƴ˴γʵûźѲֻûѡ
֮⣬ҲҪֻǹӦһºĴߴ٣ȥһ°ˡ
׼ȷ˵ԴϴͬѲ̹ԺѾƭѲʲô뷨ˣҲˡ
ôѲôȥģҪܵܣʹˡ
Ƴøϻ̫ʦϣ趼ûȣôã͸˵Щ
Ƴ棬˹ΪƳѲ裬ȻƵƳǰʵҲżҪĴ𰸣ֻˡ
ƳһʼԤУҪһԼᣬֻһ磬ͻȻûģ˵Ļǵ˵
滹ǲϲ컬ˣպ³һúѲͷ
ȻżȻȥˡ
̯̯֣ϴҵ飬㿼ǵˡ
Ƴŵһûá
֮ĬƬ̣漴Цûãôͬˡ
Ƴһֱڴ𣿡
翴ƳƳδͬӣǴȥ
ϲʧԾΪռƳеãպԥǽġ
ѲģҶܸ
𣬿Ŀǰܸʲôأ
ƳĻش˿⡣
ϵˣƳǸܴˣѡζŷգһԼվˡԵǸʱ֪Ӷ᲻ܾҲӦ
Ƴŵûаѻ˵̫ߵ£֪Ƿ˶˼ĻְҵƬ֮Ե㣬ʱһ⣬ǵòʧ
治ɫǳѡҪ۵ġ
ڲðաںѲ߰һСӣһͬίߣһҪ򵥵Ķࡣ
綢۾Ѿ˵ְ㣬Ҳ㰡
Ƴ΢΢ᣬҡҡͷʵ
ҲûŶҵ˺ֻܶ࣬𡣡
Ͽһϣʱ򣬺Ѳʲôء
ھĳ棬ŴԽţûС
չ͸ֱĴֽսԵ÷͸ޱȣڹֱ䴦ܿиԾĻҳ
ĹͶبڵأƽⲻķ仮ֳ롣
貼ֺܼ򵥣Ƴű߲ԶԲǰţȾ޴֮ϻŨīزʵĽɽͼ󣬾
翿αϣЦŵǴû
ƳվĿѾﵽ˵棬Լѣߵűߣ˵ˣ߰ɡ
ûϷʵҺò׹һңʲô
ƳЦⲻ㵱ϻʵҲ١
Ƴ򿪷ţз͸˽ӸղͲ֪ΪθоЩƣЩ
뷿䣬ҡΣײһʱᷢ΢һһҵ罻ֹԭλ
ƳɨĿǾ޴ͣ˰˲漴ֺȻƿ
룬ҪϽȥΪѲʱ˵Ѿضˡ
ȥǺºѲɣˡ
֪뷿һĺѲ֮һ硣
ʱѲ֮ǧɽˮ
Ժ߲ˣ
վſڣԺѲ˵ȴͻȻúԶģ
ֻö졣
̵վһ߳һЦһȥͲ±Ѳˣ

űžһ˳ֹϡ
һļž
ʼϡѲԼԽԽ·һƬ󣬾˷׽˹ЮŨĺˮӿڱǡ
Ϣдδֹͣ
ڣںѲ˵ǷΪѾץ鰮һƽƽ峿ʼξһѡ
ŮԶһǰ鶯
Ҳʳ˸ȴΪȻעһĽеİ㸲һ˵ϡ
ŨңҲ⡣
ĵ˵ðƳ
ȷܰƳ
ƳǸûĵˡ
˰ΣѲЩľȻĶָվ˶̶һ㣬ȴӲޱȡ
СԾɱΪ̫Ѿ˼ֱΡ
ͷſƣֻСȻͣġ˿̣ƳĶȷмֵ
ֵµĶ
ȷһֻ
Ӵе䣬ѲĿĿڵذϣȻ˶ţֱ߳һԲԾ˳ȥ
ᱡķ˸̬ɰСԾϣһɫС
Ƴûиһ߳¥ҲҺûУΪһȥͿǰѩδúѲӰ
ѩҲƳƳ֣ƹûһ𣿡
л˵
˵һ
һҪһ Ŷûһ¡
1.һĶǴŮˬģŮǰһһᷭģʮ²ʮҲһᷭŮ£Ů׿˵ˣ˿ֻ֤ܵóܲۡ
2.Ů˳ᢣûУһ ׾˵ˣĳɳ۽磬СܵĽûܹʲôעɲ˺ѲڴɱˡԼ֪һ㣬˵Լһֱߣȷ˵Ŭ
3.ΪʲôںǰѲס졣һںǰһֱԷǰģ֪װû˼Ŀľǹ紫֪鲻Ƿ̫ڻԥһʱ˼ŮûϵӽǣҲ㲻ΪȻǰ˷Ϊʲô鷿䣬ΪЩֻ˻ɴ˵ν
4.ΪʲôǰŴηһصһŴ뿴İ̹봿İ飬ǵ϶ƭġŮӲںʶԼⶼܷһĹһֱڹ˵ƽ
5.ŮжϿɵģȷƭ˺硣
ҶŮһݣҪʹϵӽǴ


84 Ӱ
ڿѩһ˲, ƳвܿƵӿһɻ
ܿ
ֲʲôر˵£ߵʱûпԼһ
Ѳ̬Ѿͬ, ȥǧټƵƭ, ҲºѲ֪ҹֻҪһͰˡ
һҰοƳǰȥʣô, ȥˣ
ʳڣƳо͸ֳһϷԵĿܡ
ͬϴδ, Ǵε¶ٸ˵Ӱ, , һξѾɺеɺϣܲڻᷢڶΰɣ
һֱ֪ԺѲ⣬ںǰҲûз˼αװļǵ, Լʱ, űĺúõ, Ҳڹ, ͵, ҲȻ
ѩƹŲڡ
ѩû˵꣬Ƴ㿴ѩ󻺲߹ĺѲһЦ˸߲ҵĶźѲ˻֣磡
ѲûƳȲӭȥ, ͬһ§סĸ첲, Դļͷ, 첻ϳ𣿡
ѲδԼ֡
Ĵ, ƳĿ⣬ֻѲĿмֲԾʳʱѲŻɢıȽ硣
ƳŶһ־ԼˣѲƽվͲЦ
ѩѩղ˵ʲô
ѩū˵ŵ¡
Ѳŵ⣬㣬һȦû㡣
ȥˣ
ѩĻϣ䲻Ҳûټ˵ȥ
ƳԥƬ̣ûźѲԼ˺磬ѲĶߣСǸܵܣˣҺüҪҪ
ѲԭѾƳڳƭ׼û뵽Ȼܸ
Ѳ˳ǣô˵ģ
һѲԾϰԵķסƳֱۣȻȥʱˮƵǰ
Ƴûнӹ豭Ȼش˺Ѳ⣬ΪʵеĵҵȻֱܾǸ񾭲
ƳѲӣ㵽ôܵܵܵģӶλð㲻𣿡
һкŬЩһ磬ʱ֮һŮ˵̴Ҳ̫ˡ
֪ΪʲôںѲŤ
ȻģŤѲȴԾʡ
ɷϣȷҪһеȥҴָΪЫĳȻʧԮģ
Ȼأ
ȻƳ޴ӱ⣬ǻЩģܻǸԭ¡
Ϊ̫ӣĽԭһͷβƭŮˡ
ͬʱǽӴ˷ֵ
Ů˲óѣЩЦ鰮ҲԶг·
ǰƳǻῪЦûϢȷʵûϢ
֪ǰͬɵһ㱻һ޸֮ŮɱΣ౻׿˵ȴԾѡӶԸı֮С
ѲʣùӦأ
ƳȻǼúõģҲ˵ˣѲǸΪȨкˣֻҪԶǺѲв
ⱾǸìܡ
̽ԵʺѲһҪλã᲻ɱأ
Ѳᣬ뵱ʵۣǾ͸
ƳüĵѲô£Ū磬Ǻ粻ô밡ɩǽǶڣʲôҵġ
ƳһżģѲᳶһ㲻ЦĦƳЩ
ͬ㿪Цġ
ƳŷЩѲţĬĬŻǿЩжźá
Ǹ͸ˣܶʱѲмЩĶ粻
֪Ѳߵ϶ֹΪǵӣƳΪģһ챻ݺ
ѲûٿڣƳںѲϿһͻȻһ
Щ˼ûͿʼ죬˰죬̧ͷźѲ򢣬
磬ûзֽ϶ʲôأ
ѲδͷشЩܣûС
ƳЩʧ䣬ŶһסԼѺѲŻǵԼְɡ
űȽϺá
ԼĪС㣬Ƴ̲סˣ·ѽûз𣿡
˵žȥѲȴס֣Ŵһ˵ӣ
Ƴ۾˲æ˵ͷѽѽ
ƳСûѧʲôŮӸѧĶʶ֣Сʱĸ׽ҲԼѧģĸ࣬Ѳ̸ʱŲԵǡ
ԴϾڼѾ߶ĶƳȴᡣ
һпվͻ̵ѧֻСĺܾãȻѶȲ󣬵ΪûҲرס
ϲľС֮ǰСΪûа취СһСԲ
񱣻ϲСһȥѲ
Ƴգһ˫Ư۾ڴʣ㿴˶Բԣ
֪̫ÿ㲻׼Цң
ѲȴûʲôЦ⣬̬Щż⣬
Сˡ

Ƴ㶣Ųţƭˣ϶ûӡ
ΪֱѲţҲûа취ȥԼңֻáҪˡвѲ
԰飬ڵĺѲȴûаַӦвظһ飺
ΪûõƲûϸˡ
ֱڣƳȻ԰顣
Ѳ˵ֻ˵ĸˡ
ǱƲһˡ
˵ŪĲÿ˵ƲҲмֵɡ
Ƴʧ伫ˣ˱죬𣿡
Ѳ˵ͷ
Ƴģ֪ѲǹģǻûסԼί۾գַỨ
ѲɿƳ֣ˮմʪĳޣһ޵ʱкݡ
ʼͬһԹߣӵ۹ӸµĿв̾
ݼѹִδ
ȷӦƳ
һΪ˵λϧ壬飬һͲϲôõ˭ġ
ƳѹԼڴͳĶӵûйֺѲΪѲҲǹġ
Լյ˺ѲѲᣬȻĵѲӵС϶ҲòģֵûϵһȥŬŬٸһ¡
źѲ־еñʧҿ϶ܶ࣡
ѲַıϣָѾˡ
ȵصʱƳڲѲĲԾ
ûйⲻûпƳﲻ̫
ʱ֪ǲĴоѲĿڿһİˡ
ָоصѲʶʱԶһַ·ɢվǰȴԶ
ɵǲǲĵʱ򣬺ѲֻһԴ˵Ҫࡣ
Ƴ͵Ϊʲôо첻̫Ծأ
ѵʥ˵ˣ
Ѳҡҡͷˡ
ƳԼˣʼԼǲǰʲô˰ҲûȻ
²һ漴ס˺Ѳ䣬ҽ첻ǹԼġ
ǰʱ͸˵ˣȻҰˣʱһֱߣҲȥġ
һʼԭ㣬˵ҪǸ㣬ȥǰ洩СЬ˵ҹ.ʲôģ롭˵һ룬Ƴ˶ֵ
ҡҲǲ㣬ֻǲ𲻱Ҫ鷳Ҳһһ˲ĻأȻҾȥ˵ˣ㿴ߵʱû㡣
Ƴоŷֶģÿһ仰ںﶼվסš
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Ȼ϶ɣأҲ֪
Ĵ֮
Ѳһ²⡣
Ϊʲôأ
ƳվǰͷŶģ˸ԼúܸЦĹ磬磬Ҫˡ
ѲûС
Ƴţ˰죬ȻԼЩúѲҲֵãСһ˯
ȻȴúѲԭ͵ɫһ
ƳǸΪ˵λԳˣ̫ӣ̫࣬ӣࡣ
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ʵĬţѲһסġ
һһѲ϶
ûУѲ϶׷ˡ
һ·ڴɵߵӰˣͷȥʱһˡ
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ƹʱ࣬ˬȫҲӣӦͬʲôˡ
ѩ̽Եĵһ䣺£ƹˡ
ɵãѲδش
Ƭ̺ĬתԼȥ鷿
ӽ鷿𣬺ѲͿʼһ̲ͣķۣģȻע׫дģһ̲
ŮǰѾˣԾһδĲˮȲ裬Ȼ£ò衣
Ѳ¡
Ůѩѩʹ˸ɫŮֹһ䣺£㻹һЩ
顪
һյͻȻɨ䣬ͬһһͬڵϡ
ѲǷڱŭԵŭ𣬡½ȥ𣿣
Ůŵ˲أī̵ĹŮ̫ŹŵϢŭ
Ůһ㶼ٵ飬Ȼһšū͹һ߿˳ȥ
ɺѲŭδˣ͵һ̧֣ƽͷֱӴ̨׷䣬۹ĵһأĿ䣬̵ı壺¹
Ƭ̣ѿһˡ
ټķţΨкѲһ˸λֿƲסĲ˫Ŀ죬ǰһƬǽ壬ʾʧ̬ʾܡ
˺ðΣѲȥϥ֮ϣͷ˫档
ļסĲŮ˵ĻԺһ㡣
һһظ
ԣɱƳ
ãѩŽȻ˴ɨ
̨£̽Եĵһ䣺£
Ѳδ
ѩֵƹҪˡ
л˵
ۣһ˷


85 ס
Ƴһʼصʱ, мġ
ΪúѲǲģҲӦóȻ, ǳ, ǳҲУҲ˵˵ΪʲôɣĪ, Ūѹί
ںѲ֮ǰҪԭ
ѲǸӴ˶Ѳ˵, ȥ
Ƴ뷨, ƳͿʼһֱ, ʱƣһʱƳ, Ѳһֱû
ĺĺ֮, ûס, ȥ˺Ѳ
ǰƳֱӽȥ, ǽ첻֪Ϊ, ѩ⣬ȥͨԺȥ
ѩɫãʵ½ʲô𣿡
ѩ֪Ϊ½Ǽ䷿￴ʲôǵʲô֪಻ֱƳֻܵūҲ֪
ȥˣɡ
ƳĪЩʵ硭ô
ѩһʱ֪ô˵, ҡҡͷġ
Ƴ, ûٶ, Ȼȹ߽С
ԭһƬǽѾʰĲ, ƳȥʱѾ˳
Ѳֳ̫ѨĿ
ѽѲƳŵǰȥƵ˺ѲȻִ֣˵ļ򣬿ʼĦ
ѲԾûжûвһ㣬Ƴڣûи˵һ仰
ƳһЩᣬŻȻսѲĲ磬Ҫѹˡ
Ѿִ֪ѲΪˣֻϣѹˣѲܵ˵Ǹ¶ˣǰʲôصɫ
Ȼ㲻˵ҲܰҲϣÿֵġ
ѲԾûۣƳһһڶαޱȡ
ڣһַǳѵĸо
һԼƳĸ٣ƳУԼƳڻԣԾϲ
һ棬־ԼϲĲǸһӰһǰŮ˾ĴļϱͲǸϲˡ
֪ϵ˺
ãѲŻ˫ۣƤЩ۾ﲼѪ˿𣿡
ƳһѲˣоֿæͷѽѽ
ѲαϣƳֻܱջ֡Ѳץס󣬽Լǰ
˵ЩƳֿʼʹ˵Ѳģǿסˡ
˵۾Ƴһ硭
ѲֱҲһƭ𣿡
΢΢𴽽ǣЦмɭ䣬»ûʹ㣬ôԵĿʲô
Ƴһ㶣ôôͻȻ
ѲɤᣬӦòɣȥˣ½ҲͻȻ𣬺ˣ㲻Ը˵𣿡
ʱĺѲƳȻ᲻Ը⣬Ƭ̣ǿĿİͰͿ˿ڣƭ֡
ѲһǰʱһȷȷֻѿڶΪѲĵλҲΪ£ֻϰԵҪ˵ĺøС
ǳλĺѲᶮʶֺá
ƳΪҲϲƼˣƼûǣҲŸ˵Ƚ϶ࡣ
ѲĿⲢޱ仯
Ƴ룬ֵΪҽ˵ϲ㣬Ҳҽóѡ
ԾͿӽ£ڹʱ˳ˮ˵˹£
ƳѲΪξᣬ㶵ĵͷ漴ִҺľܺãһ뿪
ѲĿȻãһҰС֮Ů̫ӣȻ֮ġ
Ǻأ
Ƴ֪Ѳ˵ʲôĥƬ̲ŵҲٱ۸ˣҡһֱߡ
˵˼ϻЩ֮ǰҲѲ˵
С̧ͷźѲʣ磬ô𣿡
Ѳ̧֣ƳȻ£űָڣƳһɪ
ʶսԼڣɫ죺ûϡ
ȻľܾȴֱӴ̼˺ѲȻ֣ƵǴֱĽƳǿаϣƳͷײ˷ŸձڷװˮĴɺɺأƳҲʹһ
Ѳ־ַܴĺ󱳣ֱӴӺ˺Ƴлң֪̬ôͷչüƾŵһ¡
һ£Ѳ˵
ʮ㸲ϡ

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Ѳֹסվֱ壬¹ڳµƳȴǱ£򵥹ӵĳī롣
ɺѲȴް룬ԭҲܾӦϵճ
˵Ϊ飬ĶˣøӻЩˡӦպ۲˭пܵϻλʱپ˭ϴ˭ĺӡ
ΪΪȥʲôҪӦ
ˮģƳߣʹѲı飬ú䣬Ʋסķм衣
ʲô
ƳĨĨϵˮСʺѲôˡ
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ǲˡ
Ƴȴס˺Ѳ䣬Ҹղֻ̫ˣںˡ
ֻúѲ
ĺѲ֣֪ôˣǰҲδѲˣʶȥǰһ
ľٶںѲٲȻֳһͼıĹ.
ѲǳһĨ̵Ц͸ֲ̣ƳҲŶڵƳԾĶԼ
Ը
ƳȴӺͺѲϴʹһΡ
ȻʹݿЩԣƳȷ˺һ㡣
֪ǰĺѲжᡣ
кǶݳޣܰĲʱƳһ֣ҪԼĴ
ƳźѲʱԺУоȵıϡ
Ѳȫ̴ǱֱǵִͷƤĵطʱԾɶһ.޹صż۾ֻÿһ˲ޱȼ尾
Ѿ㹻ŬùȴԾס
޷ȥסһĽ٣αŮˡ
֪ôˡ
룬ûȥƳͺˣڶƳͺˡ
Լ
ʵƳʹԼ
Լƻ󣬳ı棬Ϊɴδ
ҲǵһΣʼ޴롣
ŮĿϸĴĶС
Ѳ۾ϸϸĿ·ܴ
ִŮơȻס졣
ѲıϣеĴ𰸽
Լˡ
ɣðסˣٻνȨס


86 ؼ
±, ѲÿסŮӳ.¶һ˫ź۵۰С, ۺѲ, Ծ¹࣬ڳϿ˿Ǳ
˱᷿ƳʶЩģ, оĵģȵ
ֱ类һ, Ķ
Ѳ鷿, ƳԭҲܳ, ϵĽС㣬ΪСٴֻ֮һŮҪõöࡣ
Ϊϻû, ԭе㲻̫, ѲַǳԽ, 겻, ʱҲƵϳ, ԾѲļÿնڽȻЩ¡
ΪɨѲһûԡ
ѲƳڴϣȻվ뿪Ƴȴָס˺Ѳ°ڡ
ϸ׵ֱͬīɫγ˾ҵķɳƣۿˮδɣѹί, 
ȥѽ
ѲסŲ, ԥƬ̺ץסƳֽ֮Ż, ȥˮ
Ƴһֳֻû§ס˺ѲĲ, ʵڷ־ǣƳϲһʱĸо
ղźѲûкúñҲûú
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Ѳ̲ס˴ɲ֪뵽ʲôߵЦֽסƳ֣Ǵԡ
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ʼס˼ǲѲ⣬˼춼ûн֪ѲһҪˣΪһ仰һ⸱ģ
ﲻԣʱһֱܹԣȻ͵͵ȥ˺磬ҲѲˣܲΪɡ
ŮĬˮһ˳
ȵ˳ȥѲŽƳӴϱȻŽˮС
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ָĦȻΪʲôҪüأ
ʼԼʽİοѲܹôһԼ飬ŹԼɡ
Ѿܲˡ
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ѲЦ⣬ڵˮĽŮͷϣȻ죬ϵЦ𽥼
Ѳ
Ѳϴ𣿡
ƳȫˮͰسƺѲûעϰһڣѲһʱ鱻Ū϶ˮ
Ƴƾʲôֻһϴ谡Ҫһ𡣡
ƳʰϻصʱɫѾȫѲͻԺû˵仰Ѳֱˡ
Ƴ˼죬Щż
Ѳδ˵
ҹɫӣĻ֮Ϸǵ㣬򰲸ںѲ󣬵£½ΪϵӣضŹᣬǶСġ
ϴδɱƳѾΪ˵Ŀ겢ǺѲƳɱƳɱѲҲûʲô⳯һֱ㰲ȡ
ѲȴʣΣ
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ƳҲû⣬죬Ϊ춯λˣƽϳҲԽԽܣ¸ǲôģֻ˵һ䣬Ȼ׸µˣǺѲ˶æ
ǵĻҲԽԽƳôܶѹ˺Ѳϡ
ҪҪңƳݳû˾⣬ѾǸ˾֪ġܡˡ
һʼƳǳϵľܾܾôڶøӰȫӣȴʼ
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Ҳȥҵһ壬ӦǽʵûǮİɣ
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ƳȴûôˣЩ˺еʱ᲻ҸѲʹڴϣ
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֮δֹֻͣڴ֮ǰֵ֮飬緭ʲôˮԲһֻ۱һֻۡ
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Ƴ˰ڸܵѲʱ̲ס䣬Ӳ
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л˵
ҶܹĽȣ˵һ°ɡ
ϸ˵ڽһ飨е㸴Ӱˣֵܻ߰ӣдʱ϶ƫ˶١
¸ǾԿġ
ķġ


87 
ǰ, ƳԼѲֻޱƽ, Ȼ۾Դ߰ܶණ
ҵ˼ʹĺܿ, ֪˯ˡ
֪֮ĺѲ۾
ķ, ȻڳĬҹɫֽ˯Ů˯еŮʶ, ѲŮ۵, Ȼ, ۾
Լ˯ŵмʵİɡ
ҹһҹδߡ
⼸֦ƳĴԽƵ, ƳҲ, żӦԼ
εദ, ֦ҲЩƳϲá
ÿһμʱ, Ƴص, ̶֮զ࣬нһҹ飬ǧ
Ƴһʼһ£֪Щжûܾ
ƳһδӦֱ֦ڣѾȥ˽£Ƴؼң͵Ӷдˡ
ز, ƳҲûʲôþܾˡ
ͬһͨһ, Ծһÿ춼Ƴ
һʼѲ, , ҲͲαװ
Ҳ⼸죬ԵĲƳĲġ
סŲüѲ㲻𣿡
Ƴûпͷ
ѲûжùʱգѲɶֻΪȽæ֮ǰ˶ѡ
ÿ컹̫͸ʽóԺġ
Ҳûп
ƳǸоǰһˣžкܷ
ƳĳĬͬһĬϣɫԽԽûϸʣֱӵǲˣھ빬˵
Ƴһ죬ɿ췴˭˵Ҳ޸ˡ
򴽣ʾ֭ͼֲԣֻǸое֡
֣
ϤѲģܸпϽˣƳֻʶһ
˺ü죬йʱͬĵĶ˵˼䣬ʱãһ㡭̫⡣
Ҳ֪ʲô˵ûУĸоҵ񶼸ǰһˡ
Ҳ̫ˡ
ʹԺѲӡȵףӷΪô𣿡
ƳҡҡͷӦòǣҺþ֮ǰ͸̹ϹЩʱ򶼲ô⣬ܲڶȥôֺ֪ﲻɣ
ʲôġ
ǱֱûŮľ飬ֻðԼżƲ⣬
ˣ
Ƴɫһ䣺ܣ
ɫмּ֪ǷǰοԼѲŲЩһҺѲÿæˣʱȥӴˡ
Ƴ˵˵ţֿʼҰοղŲ˵᲻Ϊ̫æˡ鲻ã
ƮƮʣԴǣֻʱæ
Ƴһ񣬵˵Ϊʲô
ƳŮǳɫԵɽΪѲ̬֣Ӱ쵽ʵ档
˺һᣬѵãǰġ
Ǹǰ԰мһˣϵĻȨڱصõŮԾƳǲΪһ˵ϲãʵѹġ
Ƴһ㶣ûС
ҡҡͷƶǵġ
ʵϣƳνİǣΪ鱾һĲֵģֻҪͶע飬ͱضᱻ˺ϣƳ˺
Ҫ̫أҲҪΪκ˶벻ϵһɡ
벻ͨԼʲôĻǾͱˡ
ƳŴзίʵôֻ࣬ѲһЩˡ
Ϊһر˽ˣҪϣԼԺѲпǷġ
ȥֲݿǷ
Ƴͷģɵĵû
һʱûгʵƳú룬ӸǵԺѲ˼ûб
ջǲδƳʶԺѲĸ飬תеĻȻɡ
˵Ǵĸ˶úܽӦбʡãѾҪ޸ˣĿĿҪﵽˡ
Ƴ´˵ɣһȥġ
վƳǰŮȻСƳԼ֮£ŮѾһѹեŮӵĻԼ˳
Ȼ˫򲢲ÿۣƳɵǰ
Ǳô
ȻƳʺѲѲûľܺˡ
Ϊ춯Եʣʥټ
ʥ
һǰα߾ʥ϶ûȥ⼸ҲδѹǱΪʺǲġ
ƳܾЩʣǡӰѲ𣿡
ҡҡͷ֪
ѲӲһﲢֻжȨ֣ʱľνϡ
⻼Ĵ棬ƵȵȣݲܣĵȻȻͱ˺Ѳ
ƳûгܸıĶʵ̫ޡ
ԣѲ±հǰ˺ǸˣʵۣΪ˷ǳ֮ϣΪ˸ıҡ
ʲô˵ƺ㱾֡
Ǹ䣬ܶƻ˸ãʱУеص㶼Ӧϡ
Ƴһûжʡ
ƳͬҪڻ԰һȦȻٻػӰ
ߵⴺ˵˼仰ҲȱȱֱתǴԶ̨ͤڣһɫŮӡ
Ƴü⼸һڶ￴ŮԵŮӡ
˭
ⴺһۣȻˣǵ´ӹŮӰ
ⴺһ˵Ƴź֪Ѳ֮ǰǸһ졣
ʱδŮӷϣΪþǺѲһСҲûʲôѲ⡣
鲻ãҲ֮ǰδŮӣ֮ڿŮӣмֲ
𣿡
ⴺһв²ɡ
Ƴиˣ֪Ϊʲô򵥵Ľ֮ΪһռԼַĲ
Ҫȥ𣿡
Ƴҡҡͷãȥʲô
ҲǴʱͤŮңң߿һۣƳʱЩ죬漴վƳ˹
ƳվԭûĵԼͰӶӳȥ
ŮƳ̬ϹҲǸģͬƳ˼䣬һ͸¶ֻݾӶûԵ뷨
Цŵյ»ū澣²Ҫҳ¹ᣬūҲֻǾմǸԺ̫Щųתת
Ƴյȥ𣿡
Ůһ㶣ʵհģֻͣ˲һӾˡ
ƳܲϣǼǵ÷ǳѲǽӽʱĩŻġ
ϰԵΪʲôôʱѲô˵ġ
Щûꡣ
ʵǣʵͻˣûеһʱȥȥһŮǴһӣҪȻʱŵӰ
ȶĮȻ˵һ䣺¡
Ƴ֪ǲǻᾭȥŮǣÿøദЩ۵ʱȥһǻ÷ɡ
ضᣬֻҪһʾͺãƳˡ
ûٶ˵ʲôȻﲻҲûǨŭԼػӰˡ
һܣ֪Ϊʲôʮһγĸо
ѲıȽ磬ʱƳδţѲͬһ˷ϡ
ƳвǸܲµˣʺѲϴνӻǸŮӣҪڶסã
ѲӦһ˲ڻǸŮ˭Ƭ̺㿴ˣ
ƳЩ˻ûüͬ㱨
ƳͷʣҪ𣿡
Ѳº»ߣӰĵλ
仰Ƴòʣ򴽣žһ·¿ӣĬе  ȻӰҵĵλʲô
Ѳȥ𣿡
źѲ۾ǲǾøһܷڶʵΪӦʵ𣿡
Ѳں˵Щʲô
ƳȴģʼޱԺѲһʵȥˡ
ûңȥˡ
Ѳ⼸ʵЩӱƳԣ֪ԼӱЩʲô
ÿƳ˫ֺֿ۾ʱݵǰһ˲һֻװıȽѡ
ÿͬһίߣһܷɣ˵ЩķĻʱл᲻Ż
ڣ˵Щоû˿ʣɵŭ
Ծżϲã
̶ҲЩ𣿡
ƳüѲôʳ⣬ĻѲӦøҽһ°ɡ
Ѳ¿ӣͼѹеϲãԼҲװأ֮ǰƳŮӴ޶Եġ
ƳʵڳԴ𣿡
Ƴʣȷ˵ǴûʷԼϹһʱסšü˵Щʲôйϵ𣿡
Ƴܹ⼸պѲ쳣αϣҪ㲻ˣֱӸ˵ˡ
Ҫǲһѵǿ𡣡


88 
Ѳһʱδ, ʱĳĬбƳ, ÿһ˲ŶԶһĥ
ù˺ܾ, ʵֻǼգۼ䣬ѲĳĬᷳЩﲻ岻ĮȻڲ֪ѾӰ
Ҳܲ, վѲΪʲô˵
Ѳ¡
Ƴƫ, Լһ½һ, ˵ŶԺѲĲ
ѲѹԼʮûϢϲ, ˰˼׼Ȼˡ
ֵһ䣺ϲϲ㣬Լо𣿡
Ƴһ, ֶҡˡ
Ҳû˵ʲô黰, Ƴǳú, ǸҪ˵һ, , ͽͣǰʱô¡
Ϊ˱Լӣصؼһ䣺ǽͲͱ˯ˡ
ѲйŮǰһƬ൱ûķˣԼѹĿڵЩƵɻڿйһȦջûƳǰ̻¶
ҡ
ȥҪһԭҲȥҪһ
ܶһ˵, ûصĿ, ˵νĽ, µļ޷ά֡
, ѲǱؾ²ϣԺȥ硣
Ƴһ㶣ںԴһȦЩŵĵѵΪǸ󡭡
ƳвȴһתΪ
Ѳ²뿴ߵ̫
Ƴüƾһ޹ʶ͵Ҹûʲôǣϴε鲻Ƕͬ͹𡣡
ʲôͣ׶ˣ˵һӶҪڹ
Ƴ˵о׹Ѳ϶ǶĽͲ⣬򲻻ᰵôá
ӣһҲʱ˶סʺĸоӣ˺ѲǰƱҪ˵
˼ϥǵϥǣƳʼĸѲͣһû棬
Ѳ𣿡
ƳɵĵͷѲм˵Լǰμ棬ȻôǸӣֻһŮҷġ
Ѳɫ㲻Ϻÿˣ
Ƴô˵ϾܵܣĥҲûʲôرֵģӦӦͺˣҲʲô£ҪǸ״Ե̫ʦˣһӰ쵽ô죿
Ѳ֪ƳĻм漸ּ١
з꣬ЩͼͲסеı壬ʲô磬һҲܣǸôƳۡ
ãѲƳĿ⣬²ǰ
ʲô
ѲƳĻ˼ְʾζڸƳʵҲ˵Լ
Ժ²׼ͬаǣǰҲãƭҲգ͵Ϊֹ
Ƴٸһλᡣ
ƳټúѲȻģһʱŵסһƬհס
硭˵ʲô
ѲȴûаЦ˼ЩɥĿαϣƤȴѹȸʮ㣺𣿡
Ƴֻʶˡ
ܴ⼸仰ֹϸ벻ͨΪʲôƭѲԽ֮뵽֮ǰƭҲΥ͡
Ĳ䣬ұͲϲ簡ôܸء
ǲƭƳĻȡ˺ѲֽƳԼĻƭˣ𣿡
ƳַںѲıϣղ˲Ѳұͺƭˡ
ƳõĶձ߸£˺ѲĽͣȻĿʼ˼ԺǲˣʱûʲôѲ롣
ŴϣȴںѲϣڻƬ̵ɡ
ǰûһõ׸ôӪ˵Ĺϵ֮һ飬ԺﲻҪˣҪǾòģһҪ˵
ѲڻšοԼˣֻܷŹҲŹԼ
Ѳһ˵Ļ׼Է硣
֪ˣҲ綼̹׹ˣڼƽϸʲô
²˵Σܼס𣿡
ôûסˣ
͵͵ȥ˭

ŤŤӣ˭Ҳ˵Ҳ˵ģô֪㵽׶ڽЩʲô
˵Ҳ֪𣿡
ѲٺƽЩ۾ͬ§ԼϣƳеЩʾһֵĹߣڸǶôûϢĸԸá
죬˯
Ƴ⣬ôһ㶼ᡣ
Ѳʵû
ⶼˣҲ̫˰ɡ
ѲĵⱲӶˣտڲ̸ֻת˯ŵĻʲô
Ƴһٶ˵ˣĬĬ˶˺ͷϡ
׺Ѳ˰硣
룬ֵԺģҿ϶¾ͱˡ
Ƴĺһ֣ȻѲģĶһ£Ǿ˳Щ
˵Դ˵ġ
Ƴ˵ͷţ˵ġ
ǽŸѲͺԼ춼侲ͬѲ˵һỰĬ
ˣȷʵ˯ˡ
ƳſںѲؿڣ˯ţŴҹɫƳգ۾磬˯𡣡
Ѳ۾˯
Ƴ˸ƣƬ̣Щͻأ磬ҵûˡ
Ѳһ۾
ƳڵȷʵһֱڶһˣӦһİɣ
²Ҫݰ
ʣΪε£
ŮδҲ̫ˣƭôãѵ׼һ
ƳӺѲãΪε£ĴˣʱҲǴңϾͲÿˡ
ѲĻشļҪ²׼
㲻ǻ˵ͿʼҪʳˣ
Ƴûа취ǻǿ氡㲻Ҫԣҳ綼Ҫȥġ
Ƴʱ򣬺Ѳġ
οԭĺѲ˵ƳĶԼͥѡƼҲǸȥܹƳڼͥĵʱǶԵġ
Ƴһöĺܿ졣
Ϊ˸ڴ֮ǰӾ;졣
ͬʱһҲñͲеĺѲװס˽š
߾֮أڴһ۵СУһƽƽҹʿͬһڴģѲ֮سϢ;һҵĻʱ䡣
һӣս˻쳹ǳأ䵶ɫ¶˵Ĺ⣬۵ĿǼ֣Ⱥɱ˼ʿĳƬ֡
͵Ϯ
⼸ʮһΣϵĵжԡ
ϢؾʱƳصҵĵһ
ʱҵһĿڳһЩŹֵԲƳûпˣһһ䣬г
ȻϢһڱټ֮ҹֶԲߣС
ʱڻа¡
˽·ͬСɣƳڴ֮ǰδսֻǻżϿһЩ
ˣغѲʱҲæĽŲմذɡ
Ƴɫÿ֦һ԰οģĹ޷ͬ󾸿⣬ֻǿܻЩ鷳ˡ
򴽣ɰ컹ǵǡ
ʲô
֦һͬµĴ飬ҪƳˡ


89 
սƳԶ
, Ҳ漰սġÿÿעĶսս֮İ, Ϊ, ҡԼ˳ᢵĽ죬Щ඼ǻ׹ݣ, ̫ӣʵ۱
֮ܶ, ߶ǰƳûʲôϵ
û, û, 
ݵĲĲ壬ǰľơ
վɫмֿհ, ̫ԼͬѲĻ, ʶץסֱ֦, ʣӰѲ𣿡
ѿڶǻ̫, , ϵҲɣֻҪھǾͺˡ
֦סŮ֣оƳһӦȻһ棬ֽףƳʱ˵ѯʣʵҪҵοȻʧ
ģΪ̫, ʥǲ, ͱ󾩳, ǰ߾֧Ԯ, ҲԽȥġ
ƳԷٷôҲԲȥˡ
ӣй򷢾ŵļмİ
ܿ͸ԼѲͲܳ£ⳡεУվ˺ѲǾûлأԺѲúõġ
֦Ϊ
˼Ƭ̣ǵھ˵ʮʱϹսӢ˲ҪȥǰߣҲûϵġ
Ƴ˵һЩںѲǰ£ǶҪǰĺѲζڲѲЩ⽣Ӱǣ
Ƴ֦ϲ̫ӣΪ̫Ӵ𣿡
ƳŴ˼룬տ϶ҪһģϲϲҪ
֦úҪšüײԺ󲻿֡
ƳЩ㲻ҲΪʲôҪء
֦һ㶣һʱԡ
һѾбĿˡŮ˫ȫĺҲĥЩԽԽû壬ˣΪŵĶŮҵ·
ЭԽԽİóΪ˵ɡ
ԼΪʲôҪôꡣ
һʼûгʱûлȥЧķ
еġ
ûȥһֿǿӲʵ̵ķʽ˵Լ
ƳĻͬһ˫֣ƿӱѾõĹ
ûǿΪ˭ŮˣҲΪ
Ů۾飬ܾúܰһ㡣
Ҳδ˵ʲôҴĻǵֵֵԼ
֦ͬ
νķĿĴ֪
ԾߣһʵԼѡ
ƳתƳٵĻҲ֪Ƶʲôʱ򡣡
֦Ҫȵһ̴ꡣʱձضæ̫ӦԴΪء
ʵӦˡ
˴飬²ʱ䣬ͻȻ˱ʣȻҪΪأ̫Ӵ飬һдӼҲҪķѲ
ۣʵҪΪӡ
֮ڣݸ֮ϣվλڳ˵ϻĳ۴ѽ취
£Ϊ󾸴ʱ˽սս˲ƣ̱Ϣȵ֮ȡߣ̬֮
Ⱥݳŭ⣺
ַҲĳ󾸵㶪ˣˣѹãΪھţ
粻˵ˣϢõڵΪ֮ߣ̰ᣬʱͬ潻Ҳ٣ǵڼʲôǴ˵˭ã֧ɽҪδо˷Խ֧ɽ˭ܱ֤û⣿
Ҳۣ˭ҲռϷ硣
ҲǴʱһֱĬλͻȻŭĿԲסԼؿڣ̫Ѩչ¶³һѪ
ԤףȾΡ
ǲƵģ޲ε壬Ųסһ졣
ĳʶȴּ֮С
ʵۺزλûзӣ̫ҽûзӡ
ľƣĴ巵򰲸ںѲ࣬мϧڵ˴ʥϵĲȷڣǡôͻȻѪ
ѲɫʵĲûкù
ͬǵʿйأ
ܲʱͬ㡣
ڵȷǴЩڶĺʱ򰲵ͬƹĻ£Ƶʲôʱ򣿡
ʱնȻǲˣƹȣǸ϶̬ģ˷òױ̬һΣɲ̫á֮˳ӵꣿ
Ѳȴס˽Ų
˭˵ҪƳˡ

ⳡʹ˱Ƴ٣Ѳϲ⣬ԷĳﱸõĴ飬ѾȲҪ̫סƳ
ǰΪ⡱ա
ͬѩ֪ͨȥһվɡ
*
ʱգƳؼˣ¶СȴôûжסʣĲɵĴ˼ʹض
û£˽ɫ治ϲŭ˿̺䡣
Ƴǰ̫Ըã㡣
Ƴԭ޼ĽʱҶӣƳԣ¼ȹܣʶһƶǸˡ
վһ㻹û˵ڣԭأȻֻ̾˿Ȼ׷˳ȥ
Ѳ£ƳΪһ·СܣϢ΢һĿ˺Ѳϣż첻˵üۺһЩˣüĿ˵ϡ
˵ĿϣƳĿһ
üΪģֻǲƳԺѲ̫⡣
⸱ȲһҲֵģ֮ΪѲİѱ
ƳûбѲͷԣֻһ۱ջĿ⣬Ȼͬ밲ּģļ̫ӣŵֳ˵ҡ
ɤӣתѲ¼ЦˣСŮƤ
ѲԴǲɻһĨ̫ԵЦ⣬ԭЩƳ֣
Ƴֻ˼˲䣬Ȼ㵱Թ˹ȥ˺Ѳߡ
Ѳӵȷ죬࣬ϢϼȻ˵ˣ±Ƚˡ

˵ʲôˣƳˣôŪĵǶƳļˣ
ûǸ˼
Ѳϲؿ
򾲾ںѲߵƳԹ壬Ӹղʱ۾ûѲƣɵû˵ʲô
һ䡰ڼв㡱ջǵأ
ƳںѲǰ֪ΪüûѲһѲԱߣе㲻˼ˣգգ۾ǿ׵˼
ʾѾˡ
ƿĿ⣬ĵˣչ˺ó
ֻܷġ
ͬѲһƳȲ˺ѲֱۣעźѲӲӣ̫ĵô
ѲûС
ֻϢ٣Եм㲡
֮ǰԭҪʰһӻʹʵ̲סˣֱ
֪ʵĶƳ𣿡
Ƴ룬ֻһɣĵѲô죬ҾͺҲ޷ͷǺѲ°ֱͣķʳ
ѲЦоʵ𣿡
ƳͼҪ˵ʲôʱ򰡣ûƭ㡣
ѲشЩܣʲôʲôɡ
ƳƳ⡣
խڣ˰üĿײĳְʾѲĵͷƳʣԷ봽ڡ
ӽΪƽһ
һӺŮԻҵ𣬡ðɣ
֮⣬ѲִҲǲС
ǵȥƧЩĵط
еʱʵܹԣҲԶǡôǵóʱܶණȥһһķѲ඼Լ۲졣
ϲصĶδѲȡʲôڴ֮ϣҲЩĿ崿ġ
ױǸеԵĽС㣬ںѲҲˣ˽ΪǺѲʵȻԶһݷִ磬ȥ඼̸顣
Ѳ񿴵̫أεδȥԹԶƣϲȻһѰϲĳʳˮ֮ϣԼʹΪɣͼѲµ飬۵˵ʹֻüͷɻӭϡ

һŲ̫ÿļ棬ҲĽȷһѵõġ
ѲŮã°סԼķӦһҵ˵ʲô
ͬµ̫Ǭ֮£Ǵȥ˹ɨء
Ƴ·𷽲§׵ķ·ⱲӺֻһص˲һ㡣
Ǭ֮£Ļ𣿡
Ĳ١
ñ㵽˶˻װģĽһȻԷɷûһ룬ֲˡ
Ƴֻ̫һ̶֦׻̶СһһȻ̴ڣ̶ԵʱٻһʱһڣȻ̻᲻ɱմڴࡣ
ѲķԲȥˣƽնԶģ
Ƴ̧Ȼ
ѲݸƳһӣòƽϢĶٴθƳк
̣Ѳûסֻ˰֦ԼųԣǬ˽֮¡
һһŮ°ͽ֦һһιͳɤֹƻ󣬡ǹİɡ
һơ
ʱ֣ƳںѲϣͬһûһ˵ʱǵĴ顣
ĵһҲ֪Ƶʲôʱȥˡ
һƺüɡ
Ѳᡣ
֪
ѲĳĪִ֣Ƴ١
һ飬ô첻ˡ
ɳϵǣһһдӼĴ飬ûܰˡ
˴֮Ƴ֪Ϣʱ򣬲ŻȻãһΪĶ羱ףס
ѲҪ
л˵
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90 뿪
ٶƳ˵, ϢͻȻ
֪ʱ˻, ֦ͬڴ鵱Ӧעĸϸ֦ĩڡʼһ񲻱ͨ˼, ӾѾ㹻鷳ͬѲʲôزˡ
Ƴ֦̬㲻׽ҲûпԶ, ֦ÿնƳһᣬȻ˵һỰ
, ƳֿʼûϢڴ֦
ǿƲסĶЩʵõø, Ѳ, ֦Ҳˡ
֦صطԸƳһ̸֦Ȼ̾ϢڳΪ̫󣬾Ͳͬһסڸ, ̫, ʵĶడ
̫ƺ«, պĵطءɵ, ڳɻ֮ǰɶװ޷, ɻ֮ĺĵÿɶء
ʱ۸㣬ֻܻȥֹ
ƳһʵھóĺͬѲϱߣ䣬ġ
һŮӣмֿ, ѲԺüظͷ, Ӧòô׵űŮ˰ɣ
, ֲ, Ѳҵġ
⺢ӣǻû޹ȥô͡
ʱ߽ġ
ʹƳԭ㲻鱻ƻ˸ɾ
֪ǰѲδһ˿һҪǰߵ¡
Ƴɫ̫ããҲ̫ġ
ʥأ󾸵ĵֻڸλ̫ᣬչ¶˼ߵľ츳ⷬȶģԳȥƴɱλУµġ
Ƴ˺ð죬ʣԲȥ𣿡
ĬĬѾˡ
ʲôʱ򣿡
֮󡣡
յõϢͻ֪Ƴ˳ҪϢͨҲǸ²ãգ׼ʲôһ³Ӽ
ƳڵϾͻص˶ѲǵõϢϻҲ磬Ѿ˻Ӱ
ŶȥůƵĻƻĺͦΣһ
֮ǰ˵һƳ١֦˵Ķԣ˾Ǻܻƭˡ
˵ƭˣƳ־ıӦ
ƳӭȥżɽҪ𣿡
ѲȻȻƳ֣޴£ɫʲôƳܶôˣ
Ƴɫÿ𣬡˵ôˣٲδûˣ
԰գ־Լû⻰ƺĿڵҪȥˡ
δȡ˺Ѳ漴ʲôԲ𡣡
սϣ˴ƺҪ󾸳˺ڱ߾ƣΪ͢һֱûʶ߾ԷΪ棬ھ͹ռһǳء
Դ󾸶һξ޴ĴҲԵô˴ζԾΪҪ͢һϢ֮ߣìͷֱָ˴֮˾ֻԵΪҪҪгĲŸɣҪھмǿѲѡ
ǻʼ̫ӣĵضġ
Ƴֻ
סѲ½ǣһϣܲܲȥأ
ѲĻشû˿ԥͻȴܼܡ
⡣
֪޷ıѲľȻҲһ˵ľֻǴĵ׵ĲúѲðնѡ
ѲЦ˳ƳԴô»û⸱ģ
ҲС
Ѳϵ˺̫ˣµľɵģһҲÿȥ϶Ҫµġ
ƳԽԽﲻƽһһ֡Ѳ̫Ӿͺˡ뷨
Ĭ˰죬˵һϻҸһȥ
ѲȻƳߣֻƳ˵ֻԽǳ⡣
˴Ҿİԡ
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Ƴһģдϣ޷ֹѲǰУĲúѲȥֻһ䣺ʲôʱܻأ
ѲĻ춬Ļ꿪
Ѳ˵Ķǳأʵ궬϶ǻزġ
ƳѲŲԴںѲؿڣȵһ䣺ҿЩʲôأ
԰ļϲٿôĶУƽһЩ
ѲסĴȻߵظȹ»
Ƴ֪ѲǽȻͬˡ
ڵⶼһĿ˽СòǽܺѲðգǲԸġ
ѲΣŵİңζԣƳҪҪ
ǰƳֻãڣ⡣
úúõȺѲ
ʱʵ̫죬ȻƳ춼û뿪Ǿı׼ԼͬѲĴе١
ѲߵһգѹúܵͣʱҪ꣬ʥ޷кѲڳſڽλ󳼵УƳ׼̫óȥͷ¶档
оԺѲѾ޿ɾҩĵز
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⼸ƳѲϦദڣѲ뿪ѾнһˣҲҪӦˡ
Ѳһߣ;һӱࡣ
ǰѲʱĿĺԣÿնˣ־̫ѵ
Դ˵ںѲǵأ
̫ڿ϶ˡ
֪ˡ
˼Ƭ̣漴ȷ𰸣Ӧˡ
ƳһޣǸòᾭɽɣ
Ҳ֪
Ƴ̾˿ԼǰƵǰתҺ˰ɣҲȡ
֦⼸ռƳ鲻ãȰûʲôãܰŪһЩϡŹֵĶƳԣڸ֮Ҳˣ϶Ҳ˾ÿġ
ȻֻƳϡŹ֣һʳҩš
ȵ˱ǡ
ǿɲУƳ˵һѩֵЩҲ̫˷Щ
Ƴ̫ĵķܣ׵⣬˭ȶһ
һ벻̫ʺ֮ĬƬ̣ƳѽĿס
Ҳʱ֦߽
һ۱һĸɫЩŹ֣Ҳϲѽ
ޱĽ͵ĸףֻǡ
Ƴһۡ
˶٣ȷʵȽϲ
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֦δ϶ᣬƳ⼸鲻ã뾡취ҪƳģҴһѽ
Ƴûʲôѣȱȱʣ˭
֦룬˵ɣ裬ҽԺҪ𣿡
ƳһֱǵΪˣŵźѲ˵ЩжʲôøУ
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91 λ
˵, ־
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ҲûʲôҪģ·ˣƳ޹ؽҪ϶໨˼, δʡ
ѲߺƳҲ, ʼѧЩԼ֮ǰδӴĶ, 幦νͻͽ, ̵ְֽ֦£ѽȡ
Ͼʱ֣Ѳһ, ͼһѩǰ, ξƲúѲΪֻһСƲ
ƳŪЩʲô, ֦ƳŪĶĿ, ʱƳϾʱǺʵͿ, ֦̾һ䡰һˮī
Ƴܾ㷢ԶЩģޱ׾⻭ӣ
ⴺһ͵͵ƳһۣиҲ̫Ŀˣ⻹Ǯ
֦ȴ룬ȻϲǲҵˣϽһֻվ͸ùȥ
Ƴɲ붪, ű, ҾͲˡ
֦¶Ц, ŵʲô, 顭
˵һ룬Ȼֹ
֦ǹ飬ֻͬദʱ̫ѾʧڶʱҲĽᣬֻƽջעŲƳǰ
Ƴɫ糣ɫļĻ֦ҪʱƳ𣺡ҵǸˣ𣿡
һ֮Ƴû飬Ҳ֪û
֦һʱ֪ôشԲ𣬳
Ƴ䣬漴ǺŤͷ֦ײСģȥˡ
ƳЩʲô֦ǳʱǽղδƳνҲΪռȵô꣬˻ֲΪҪˣҲܻ
֦Σǻشã֮ȥϷһıǸ̷ƽտЩΪպҲٻؾˡ
ԭһŮΪ֦ôٻصԭļ壬Ҳ㲻óͷǴȥˡ
Ƴ֪Ȼֹˡ
ϴλԺʮ֮ҲŮȥܿ࣬ЩƳ޹ˡ
ںѲ뿪ĵ£ļһ˲گ£Ů󹬶꣬ڴӹ˻ʺ
Ӻ磬һʱͷ
ƳںѲ뿪ԺмżȻײԱܵС
ԴԺ󣬺ƳȤüأܰƳʱμǺѲľ棬ɳ೯ĺ֮£඼ǱֵַܶȺѲ
ֻԽ˳ˡ
ǰھǾͲĸΪʺ󣬻ʵһ𣬴̫Զǧ֮⣬Խˡ
յ꣬ѹúܵͣնܲʵزһдӼ
ˮǲľϴĻȻһ£ȴˢɾɹĻҡ
ãƳҲобơ
оϢķ仯ЩδƳҲ
Ѳǰ߱ȴڳڶԸʳ̣ȨδҲ̫ѿЩ
ôкȥǴ󽫾
Ͳһ¶𣿡
ҡҡͷ˽̫ЧԶʤˣȻȥȥȨںѲϡ
ֻǺѲӱΣЩھǴҲԴС
֡
֮ǰӦԤϣֻǵʱ³Ӽе
¼λЩ꣬δᣬѼġ
ƳźѲģ֪ҡ⼸ܾвȡ
Ҳûµģһᱣ㣬á
˶٣㲢ֻкѲһ·ġ
Ƴ̬ںѲû֮ǰǱԸ磬ϣͷʢҸõ
ƳΪѲΪ׽֮ˣģܶסıҲضԺѲɾ޴
Ƴ࣬ƳŮ޵ʹɫԵǡ
һʼΪƳǸĿŮӣջѲֹҡ
ʶʲôնǸƭԵС⬡
˭ãԸ˭̻¶ƤȻϴϡ
ЩܵˣǽͷݣҲðɡ
ʲôǽͷݣ֮ܺ顣
Ƴ䣬˫۴ڴϣպܴ󰡣һûôأôôԶ
Ӧġ

֮ĬĿεƳϣʱ£Ƶʵ̫Ӷ𣿡
һǰ㽦ƳĿڣڱǵա
վֱӣѿڶôܣ
δޣͬȻҪͬ˰ദᡣ
ڣּ㲻ҵȷüȻվ˶ӡٵúѲǵİɣ²ǶϷ֮ʱѵȻףжɾûôˡ
ֻһ˵ôӦ󣿡
ҷӦֻܴǾ°ˡ
˵ˣô㰮Ұ㣬ڰʲôϢ
ƳĻѾмͱ˵ζδʹ˶˵ƳȻϲȻõģֻ
ƳĿᣬջûסָ˸ƳԴϲϲպҪԼھС
Ƴ룬ȻϲѲ
󲻺ڣͬϲϲûйϵ
ȻܶԺѲһѲҲȷǸˣڲӰʱϣѲԶ֡
õǣѲϻʵۣȻƭһӡ
ʼգôġ
ࡣ
ⳡԶ
ƳԭзƣǣһʣԽľܡ
ǻѲƽѲʱиڣÿѲʱĻǻС
˯ʱ룬ԷʱҲ롣
ôܻԺѲأ
ңϲһأ
ɻһֱƳ
ֱһƽƽ磬ܾɣ裬ٴε
Ƴԭľͽ˻ؾߣзǳҪ±Ҫ׿ڸ
ʵ˵Ƴָɣ˵Ȼ
ԷһǼ
ʱ£ɣһЩ
˵ˣһƳͼǰеơƳ㣬ڼˡ
Ŷûôˡ
Ƴţɣ͹õĻ䣬Ŷ̬ȶãʲô£˵ա
ɣ˿ڿˮҡҲ֪㲻Ҫǹڡڵµġ
ҡҵ˵Ҫߵ³̫ӵ²ڣᡭλ


92 
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Ƭ֮, Ƴϴ˼ֻƵЦ⣬ɣô֪ģ
ɣҡҵ˵ġû˵, ־˵񲻶, æ˰֣ǣ
û˵Ҳµġ
Ƴһֶţǲǲµ, ܸ˵
ɣżҡ͵ģ
Ҳµġ֪ǣǲ
ԽԽ, ΪԷһ, 취Ƴ
Ƴô, ˵һ顣
Ƴʱ˽ɣ裬ĸϮо, ԭɣһѾͷ, Ϊ⼸Ҳ˲ű, ȥ, λδϺ, ʹٹ⡣
ûԵӪһֱЧڻңȷ˵ЧڻʵۣʶһλӰ춼Ƕϲ΢ƽ֮УѽҲס
ɣ˵, ⷬܶԻǸ, лвĲ²⡣
˼Ů, ĸǴŮ, ڳԣڼܴûʲô顣
ֻǽԸожмֲһˡ
һƳڻʹһ㣬ĽǽǾԲġ
ǰգ͵͵Ȼ󱻳ΪŮʲݵķ˸š
ͷ֪޼ʥּûѸˡ
ΪʲôҪΪҲ֪¿ûʲôڱ£˵ǰͷľʲôҪˡ
ò׹ʣҲû˾ĸΪʲôһܵǼ¡
ʵڱܣȥʸףɸײŸף⼸츸ƺͬЩС
ɾˡ
ɵҲ֪Һͷ̫ŮĪҪ˲ɣɾˣ͸Ůʲô˼
벻ףֱ˽һĺɺ硣
ڴ֮ǰ׶߻һܱܣϴν̫𣬽к蹳Ϥ
蹳˸ӴŵˣΪʲôҪϤ
󵨲²⣬ϤĿֻһ޷Ǿǽס
Ǹģĥһҹó׵Ľۡ
ϥŮ͸ҽ˵һƻ˵Ǳ־
Ԫ磬ѲھȢŮδ谲ʹҫҴΣʱѲλ̬Ծδ֪
ԺѲһߣϾסˡ
˵ĸҲ򣬵ײϣ蹳ɻ飬Ǿǽҳװһ
ͬðգһѡ
ƣǻʺɳҡ
ȻվӺ硣
ƳĬ˰Ρ
ɣ뷨޵
ʱ䣬ҶԳþƶ÷ǳһ춯ͻ֪ɣ跽ԣǲ֪
ˣ֪ʶ𣿡
ɣæ˰֣֪
ΡǵģǡƽҲң͡Ͳҡ
ɣСʹһʼӣѵϸķЩԣ֪ԼʲôС
ɣԽԽԼеһôӵ£һֱڼ尾
ô죡
ô죿ģƳҲ֪ô죬Ѳʱʲôû˵ҶδֻƬ
ȱš
ɣסͣȻæ˵ͷ̶Ҳ˵
ϣͽ¸
Ҫȥȡʵѣֻ֤ʵʲôɾûôˡ
źǣɣ貢δ˵ѡ
⼸ʥ齣һһʱѾ㲻һλ٣⼸顣
һ˵ĳھڣƳеıԽԣ֪ΪʲôһַǳõԤС
֪ԼȫûбҪ㣬⾩ˣǸϰղ졣
̫һߣ㶷ȥǱȻڴ֮ǰҲûаȹ
Ҳ˵δںռϷ磬Ҳûʲôá
̫ӻɡ
̫ԪӣֻҪûλҲԲ˳ңʥ
Ǵ˿̣Ժһ󼱴ٵĽŲǹ̫ࡣ
Ƴͬһȥҹɫģ˵ӼٵĽŲԼѹֵķΧУԾܹжϳʲô¡
ͷڻ»ûҾӭǰͬ˵˾ʲô
ƳòԶ̫̫ͣû͵͵̧ȥϲŭɫüͷȻһ仰δ˵ֱӾ̫ͬ˹
ͷͬƳʲô
ҹɫأļᴩϾǿտĽֵ
ټĻʳǵƻͨ
Ƴвߺžȥʹ̽Ϣ
ɳ˻δ뿪̫ʺټƳ
λº󣬺֮ĸ
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ƣŮ̫ȥҴңȴһۡ
ѣţƳ㷢мֲ
ⲻȥʺ޹·
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Ƭ֮ͣһǰ̫½ΰɡ
ڻ¹Ƴ֮£ͷǰĹ
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̫ҡҡͷ漴ūŲ֪չг˵£ҪЩŵҪһˡ
ƳֱͻȻĴؼʣǳʲôˣ
ū澲ۣﻹȽЪŰɡ
ƳûٶʣᲽ˽ȥ
㣬ϷŵĸСʳһǰù
£ܷԸ
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һƬžϣָɱˮȵġ
ӷŵڣδףλºΪʲôҪ
µûܽҹıضʲôС£ҹɫʺλʲô
ϴ̫ҪɣڻʺΪΡ
ž֮УʱȻš
ʱԺ󣬷ڱƳվȻ󿴼Ŷ룬Ȼ󻺻̧ĺ硣
žһϡ
õˡ
Ƴָսɫ
ԾͬдֲԵЦ⣬΢°ͣƺǳá
Ҫң
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ף㻹֪
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л˵
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93 
һ羪װըڶߡ
ʱ, еĲԾҵͷ, ŲҴҵĹ, ٳδԼ⼸ϾĪѹ֣һ赭дĻú
ϻʵ۵ʵ̫ͻȻ
ܵ¶, ɷϣھھ˵һ, ɱᡣ
ϻʵ۶϶Դ, , ĲԶԶûĵزһɻʹԭеľǾԽ
һ, ԭںļƻҲȫزۡ
ȻԭǴȺѲһͬʩ, ͻȻ, ʹƳʼɺǲ֪Щʲô
ѹ
Ƴع, ΪʲôҪѹ
λʮ, ͼεйоٵѰʵһһ׵ı
Ƴͬλʵδı棬Ȼ֮顣
ֻʥϱţ֮ľһ⡣
һ޾
ѲΪҪλƽ֡
翴ƳĿżֳԣδʹ¶ԣǶƳת
˻ʺҲеô, ҿʲôʱ, ʲôʱˡ
ԴӺѲߺ, Ƴͬü, Ծͬûһִ磬ƳţػؼΣͬĹϵ֮ǰϤ١
˵Ѳϻʵ۽ǿӱ޸֪ѲѲٸϻҲһ¡
Ƴһô㷳
Ц
Ƴʱǲе⡣òʣҲͬѲһĮϾΪܻӭвŹ㡣
ƸƫƳֶˣԽϵЦԽԡ
ƫ˿ֻǰѹȸƳͣ˿ԣͷź磬
հҽйΪԸЩ
ɨһۺ磬д˼ӣôϲҰ
ҡҡͷ̫Լˡ
ûϢҲҲ¾Ϊ˼һ𣿡
Ƴ
վƳǰЦⲻɫ̶ڵǵԼ𣿡
ƳһȻû
ʲôƨԼʲôԼ
ƳĿ⣬ش𣺡ôͻȻ˵
ֱڣƳţֻҪѲλ粻ʲôڶҳӡ
Һ̫ĥȵϺѲú塣
վƳ࣬ʳָָⲻסĦĴָϵָʣĲ
ƳƳĬƬ̺ҲһŮӣʲô뷨Ҹֽڣ
һôأҲƽ
δͬ۸ʱƫƫҪΪ𡣡˶٣˵ϲ㣬ôţ
ǵģš
Ƴ룬ֿʼˡ
ٸ϶ᣬһ䣺ţš
磺ֿʼˡ
ƽ״˼ְԹ̫̾ϢС
ۿǸѾԽȥƳ֮̽ʲô㣿
˫ָͦΣƳʱԴŵļ
ƶѲˡ
ֵܣϸȷм֮
ѲӲӲһ˵ϲûУ˵ԸҪһЩ
кҵţΪҪôĻ͸¶ֻƬҪô˵仰˰Ҳû˵
˹ȥ
ҲǴʱ³мֿտĹС
֪ҵһۿʱʲô𣿡
Ƶ룬Ůɵɻ͵͵ɾͺˣôҲǿԼװһɡΪû˿ɵĿɰ
Ƴ
ͰˣȻ
˵ôţ˶Ʊյ֮ûЦѣֲ˭һһֱһԵ˿
ûʲô˵ˣѡ˵
ͬûһ㣬ԹԵĵһüǰ
ʱҲʮ꣬ͬʷ½˷ˣȺͽ׼񣬶ʱף֪Ϊξͱӳ˾ǣȥΣյ¡
ͻ·ͬƳģֱ;һطʱһͻҪСˣ鶯²ʶңҲץŸгһʱңԱ˵ı׼ҪԼǲԵġķǳġ
˵ǹ¶Ҿƭ˵ҲǣȻҾҾ룬ҪȻҸ˽ɡ
Ƴޱ룬Ǻ磬ʮ֪˽ˡ
Ѳʮʱƻֽ˧ġ
ȻˣûܸԼ
ҡҡͷƭеǮȰҪúý˷ˡ

ںܳһʱ˾;ƣʱʱҪһɷϣʮ꣬ŨīزʵһʡȻ룬ټһͺˣһۡ
ʱţ֮ƺҲҲˡ
ִͳˣټһͺˡ
һ죬ĺܿġںʱĲϼӳ£ƭķŭȥǶμԽԵ
޼۵ġ
νִҲԽԽ
Ƴ˵Щʲôϵ
翴Ůµüۣδϸ˵ֻ˵һҪĹ°㣬벻ûϵֻ˵˵
ƳվЩˣڴߣ㽲𣿡
ô
Ƴҵûظˡ
վֱӣӺǰ߹
ٿȻ֣ס󣬻𡣡
Ȼأ˵жϲ𣿡
ʧЦûб䰡
ĦƳҪ˦磬ڶֵǰһ˲˹ϣҼȻҽгͶʧġ
һͽƳԼ˵ľ붸ȻƳ²δѿɫ¶
ߵ£ϲ
Ůü͸ŲʵĳβΪżԵмַ죬ǿװ򶨣̺ĴΪʶҧŪԵм̺졣
ҲǺѲδޣͬ蹳ҲҪ𣿡
ĴԹϸƳ˵ʱֻź촽źϣδ˵Щʲô
磡
֣ȴһأʹ˻ôͷƤŸľս˵һƳͬ˿Ϸһ
ţ˵ϢǶͷŮĴ
Ƴüƫͷȥ㣬˵ֹĺá
ž
һ쳹䣬Ƴ٣½Ϊ̫ҶЩɢң΢΢飬һʮʮ
Ѳָ̧֣ĨȥǵѪһۣȻΪջ֣漴粻ԼĴƳĿ˷ִż
Լ֡
Ƴޱ㻹һ㶼¡
վֱӣƵʲô
ܵͣպһ㣺»ˣܻ𣿡
л˵
ȡСճ


94 ޣ֣
еľζ, ý˲ŵü
Ƴ϶Ⱦ˾ζĨĨ, ٿȻ̧ͷ, ˵ʲô
һƽƳüɻô⸱飿
, ģǲѲµġ
Ƴ, ֻһ߽еһ, ȻʵǴС
ݲȥ˼ʱвԾ, źղ˵Ѳزʲô˼
絫Ц, ͣƳǰ
Ƴż, ɺȴһ벻ģ, ѹе, һǲ˵, ҿɾˡ
紹ɢһҾ͸㡣
Ƴļ٣ȴˣƤӣͰˣʲôС١һ£
ֵ԰ôôѲûϵҸѲ˭ʵ۶㵱ʺġ
οҪż
Ƴڵ˼ʺ, һż׷, ŶԺ綼ûмֺɫ, ֻûһƲ, ŵʵˣѲھǣҲ̫쿪Щ
㵽˵˵ˣ
ô˵ôۡ
ת˲ŵ̶ɫ糣ڹĺѲ𣿡
Ƴһ㶣̶۾磬ʲôˡ
һᵣɣǣͬദôʱ䣬ôеڵġ
ͬദʱûǴžЦһƵĴ
˿̣ƳĿ̫ѹȸУмΣա
Ƭ֮һѼĸ𣿡
Ȼأ
綢Ƴ۾˰ΣŴСƭӶҲи鰡
ѾŰüˣƳĵƭǺѲֲ˶ڹЩʲô
˷ǲľȻи顣
ʵͬλأ
ƳŴȴĬˡ
Ц̧Ƴͷ㰡Сƭӡ
ƳҪȥʱѾһջ֣վƳǰ̾ɰ

ƳתȥһֻҪڴӺѲʳʲôֱ룬ٷϻһԵľҪߡ
һţɫվк̤֮ʣס
ƳסŲͷ
ֱ۳ڴأϣҪǵŶ
˶٣̯̯֣ȻļȥĻҲġ
űžһϡ
ֻʣһˣϵЦȥȻת⣬ҹĻֺ빬ԼĻȨ͸¶е
ƳŲҴңȹ̨ס
Ѳ뿪ѾĸˣƳģĹţδл
Ļ·ڶϡ
ΪʲôҪ˵Ѳزһ˵мѭƳö֪ѲԶǧ֮⣬սǧ򻯣˭Ԥϡ
ƳȻͣפŲһ˼Ĳ븡һڳױϡ
Ȼë
ԣսǧ򻯣ûԤϵ
ѲʧҲزأ
սϣ̫Ϊ
˾ʲôԡ
ҹʱգƳڿž
һ޾ʵһ̫ӵǻͳɶ֡
˵ĶԣֻҪѲλԺѲ˭úѲ뾩λԲ˳
Ѳأ
Ǹʲô˽һ𣬻磬־Ѿչ
߱߱ᵳӪ˽УкѲȥģ
ЩѲԤϣҲûС
֮ǰ󾸱߹Ҫʱǳȥˡ
ȻһǿҵԹС
һּΪɵֶΣúѲ֪УȴԾĸڹؼʱ뾩
ĲΪʲôô
ƾʲôѲ¶޵УȺڻʹڹĶǣıλá
Ƴ˫ͷһ۾׵ѩù
·һϸ࣬ʹޱȡ
Ƴ֪Ĳ²ǲǶԵġ
ˣǺѲڵĴͼΣա
عͷ²Ծļӿٶȡ
һ̧ͷͿӲԶҴҸϹ̫Źǰͷ󲽳
ƳӭȥͣǰɨһۣȻû°ɣ
ƳҡҡͷȻһ๬ˣûп
ȸһظ
߳ʹ˵ϻظȿڣҷѾ˴Ϣˡ
Ƴɫ԰ף֪ˣ
򴽣ֻʥߵĲʱ򡣡
ǡʱͻȻֻ£Ѳ˾
ѲھǣȻʥʱһλ״һλԪδ飬һʲôأضϴơ
Ƴ䣬ңһʱԡ
ѹֵӡ
ַƳֱȵĴдãȱģжҲ²ѡ
Ƴָģδ𻰡
ԷƳֱϣսָŮϸָУָĦĴָļ롣
ƳδջԼ֣˰üܵľƳҹɫУְȫС
ϲŭǲ²⡣
ѲںΣա
ֹҪ׺ˣд󾸵ˡ
Ǻ˵ʲô𣿡
Ƴ˵ͷֱӵǸô죿
ǸѲ̫Զ¿ӱҹۣϹȥҲһ֮á
ǳ˵ȣʲôˡ
ʵһǧأϾǶһֳƣ˹ɥһڶɼȢ֡
ķΧ֮£ļԵΪվǹȥˡ
һƳյԶģѲĻš
ŷڼһ䱻ѹƽˮСʵۣϸֱУžʱ紵ʹûƮҡ
ŵݷǳ򵥡
׼
һоԶ˻Ϊϻġ
ƳȥʱдĴҳ»¶ͬѲ˵һ飬Ϊ˵Լ´磬ֻľ仰
ʲôܶдһ㡣
ƳСĽ棬ϲȴ̲סľ仰ʵһ۾ܿ꣬ɨۣ߶ûء
ػؿ飬ƳŽżװء
ſһǰдģʱ죬ʱѾˡ
Ƴţĵ黹㲻͸ٻһŰɡ
ҲҪŷһ仨
ȻƮϸϸ꣬ľ̵ķ
ʱԭӦ鷿ڵһֽɡԺ
Ƴһۣ漴Ц磬յѲĻˣ
ɫȴÿݡ
ƳһһֲõԤС
бʸˣôˣ
̫ˡ
ڵأƳԼʵʲô
̧֧ɽ׶ڣ̫ʾػ˺󷽣ƻ¶˶ݣΧ׶ڳʮա
ǿʱֻʣһٶʮˣܻڽԱ̫ͬ׹¡
ľƶգ
Ƴֻɤ类һ˫סһʱ޷˫ͼ⼸仰ĳԵĽۡ
˺һᣬżѿڵʧ٣ġ
򴽣ãܲµģ֧ɽˣ̫
Ƴɫٿ
סƳ󣬶ĿãҪˡ
ƳɫȻЦǣҲ˵ˣֻʧٶѡûпʬ塣
ΪݿģڸʲôΪʲôûң˵
Ѿҹˡ
أΪʲôǵҲ
ͷƽ
ˡ
磬˵ʲôûҵΪʲôֻΪͶ϶ˡ
䣬Ҫȥ
Ľã֪Լ˵ʲô𣿡
˵ʲô磬Ҫ̫λİǵĵҵƻܼ
̫ӡ
ãһ㡣
¼һļžƳˣΣ
̫Ѷѱ鴫Ұ¾λǱȻѽһгɶ֣ӵ̫ӣ
ģ
𣿡


95 

ˮɽ̨, ʪ˴߷ϵżϢĳĬ˼ӡ
ƳԼס, Ȼתȥ, 쳣侲ִֵû
˵Լ͵һһؼҵ·, Ҫ
򣬾ŮıӰ
Ƴ˰, Ը˵, ߰ɡ
֪Ƴӱܡ
δ, ĬǰȻִƳļͷ
Ƴûпëʹ, ϲûʲô顣
˾˰졣
ֱƳоˮ, ̧һĨ, ᡣ
Ĩȥˮ, ΢΢Ŵ, Щʣ
ʲôʱ֪ġ
𣺡ա
˶٣ֲո׽ֺͬѲ֮ӦӦԡ
ϢʱԲ̫ʧ٣˵ǡʬ
Ǻɹȥ˴Ϣ, ϸ˵һ顣
Խǿ֮Ϊʧ, ǲͬƳ˵ֱ̫װˡ
ʵ, ˶
֧ɽ, ҲƳظѲã¡
㲻ġ
Ӧģ
Ƴ΢΢Ŵ縺ǧ΢䡣
ֳǣɬ۾зһƬǰһнƻãԲһλ
ҪѲš
Ҫһ룬ҪһʲôС
ҪȺѲԺ󣬸ˣΪʲôֻľ仰
Ƴ뻳УŮЩӲմĻīˮ
ᰲοˣֻѧĸǰ㣬Ա׾̧֣ƳıŻѹӦõģʱͺˡ
Ƴ˫Щ
ڲϵı̧֣ԼؿڣǰģһƬ
ΪʲôˮʼܿƵĴۿ䣬ϡ
ļ뿪һϡƽ飬֮ǰ뿪ѲϣѲڵʱԺúõ
䣬󣺡һҺ𣿡
ô󡣡
һûɡ
Ӧá
*
ѲѶһҹٴҰ
ʵ۲űŲ̫Ӿͳ£ҰֻţǺѲǰߣԶģһӰԤϡ
߻δҰ
һְѳֳ׸ʮһǿƵ̬һѸȶ˳á
һʱ䣬˵˵̡̲
һʼԿֻţʱգڿʼܣ̫Ѿʵ
Ŀһ콾ھʹ䡣
һ⣬Ҳ֮¶
ȵ۹λӣλ̫ӶĻƽƽѿΣ䲩Ŷţĵ£಻ʣŻ׸ǲ˵
Ұ⣬Ψ߻Ӻ磬ߡ
֮ڣѾ󳼵ƾٺ磬һ޾ְ֮㽫˰£ȴԾɱ⡣
½ѲɺϢ
ʤѼΪԣʱԾ߻ӣʵѽ俴µۡ
ں磬̫á
ѲţǻǱȻȻΪϾǶң֮£ҲܹȻµۡ
ұʹΡ
֪֮ŮƳ̫δޡ
ƳһֱźѲϢϢһ֤Ѳʵ
ѾòˣֻƳ
ʱƳʵ̫ԡȻƲ̫Ծͬһͬ˵Ц׽֮ˣܲı仯
֦ƳȥŴ˴ͣҲýи֡
Ƴؾ֦鷳
֦˼ȥԭмƳĺһʲ֪Ƴھڲ޺ѣǰΧƺѲչֻɣ裬ͬƳ˵仰
֦ɣҲˣƳ
ɣʱЩܳСĵĵƳ뿪
ƳȥҲĬ
ɣ̲סȻСĵóһ̴ľϻӣױһƳ㣬㡭²ʲô
ƳڴǰġĿһۣ̫Ȥ
¡
ɣŵסƳ䣬¡²ܡܺÿģԡѵģ
ƳԼ֣±ʣܵǿ鲼
ɣ¶ϲɫ¶ˣ
㡭ô
ľϻ򿪣ӳһ÷մѩ·Ѳظƽɫʺ˳һ۾ܿطǷƷ
壬
ɣ֪Ƴѧϰ壬ƳضϲЩ˺ôһŪġ
ȷ鴫
ƳջĿ⣬һһʼѧҲ巨ѧᣬĶֹ֡
ɣԴƳһʼǡԧ𣿡
˵һζԧ졣
Ƴҡҡͷ
ɣʲôѽ
ƳͷһֻСܳ󡣡
ɣҲܣƳ塭ʲôÿ
Ƴ֪ʲô۾˼Ц⣬ҲеÿǱ˵Ʋӵˡ
ɣ迪ʼͬܵü˭ѽ𣿡
Ƴ򴽣ˡ
ɣҲ֪Լ˴£żԡԲ𡣡
ƳѾʧġ£۽ޣû¡
Ѳ׹£Ƴˡصʲôزʡ
˶϶Ѳˣ¸ߣȥʬ嶼Ҳ
ǲδţͬƳ㣬쿪
µѾݲˡ
֮ǰӱܣѾˡ
£ꡣ
㹻ȥ¡
̲סͬѲĹ
ʵͬѲʶһ꣬ɵͼʱоֻʣѲ
ǰʮ궼׹һ㡣
ƽȷֻкѲֵñסˣĵġ
ˡ
еڣŵʱΪʲôû͵͵ȥأ
ɣ費˵ȥžһľϻϣ㣡šҼԺĻĺúÿȥѽ
ҲǡǴʱС˹ǰȥá
·Ƴ˸մƳճסƳֱۣɺЩ
ƳԾмֿţѲˣеѹɣЩôƺõʹһ㣬û£̫ˡ
ɣѾʶȤһԣƳ˶٣˼ڵƣֵҲңôôɡ
вʲô룬һ˰ˣڵġ
򴽣㲻ǿԼ
Ƴҡҡͷԭͬ飬̫ݣ˶ûˣҲʲôС
δڣԺС˺Ҵ߽
үߵˣڸ⡣
šüôˣ
˻ӣӭӣƳܾú˺Ѳףһʱ뿴
һãƳԭ˼Ѱʲôͷ£ȴĿƵƵ⡣
ɫסĿ⣬½մݹ٣Ϊ£
縺ֶУŽ˳
˶٣ЦͬԼǲңұԼˡ
˶٣˼ĽѾãʵ׵ġ
л˵
ûһ
һ½β֣ûıȥһ¡
»һ£Եȡ
ȻǣΪٽᣬ쿪ʼʱͲ̶ˣҲܱ֤ոѾдٷ
Ǵҷģֻ಻١


96 
һʱмֹ
ڴ֮ǰ, ʺ˽ʱأǧĺ˹ȥ˭֪, 羹¡
˲Ƴ, Ŀ֮µŮ΢΢򴽣δؾ, δ¶̬ܵ
ĳĬʹмղ΢仯
˾ٲѲ¡
̫Ʋ
ʺϴ, ̫, ǻ˳
, Ѹȶƣ֮ڣ£, õѡ
ƳΪ֪, ʧõ, ͬΪ, õĽ˷ʽ
֪, ƳԼ䡣
ֻƬ̣δȷ̬Цͬ亮ѵôˡ
ĿƳջأЦޥģͼıѾãʱʵڵȲ
ֿһƳĬֲֻƳѲлԼ֮, ̾˿, ģ́ˡ
԰, ͬƳû֮ǰ, 㲻ǵӲȥЪ°ɡ
Ļ·֮һ鸡ľϢУӦǵ£Ůˡ
һĿεĶƳҪעӲǰ
Ƴ뿪󣬺ƿϣǸˡ
է𣬸ֲԾɴ̡
֪䣬Ѳ뾩д֮á
мּ٣ΪԼ˿һ侲˾֮⣬ȴ֮С
ǻϸ˵㲻䷴ɡ
ȥɲ֮ڷԺʵ֮١ͷȴ̫ӵĻԼڵԵмΡ֮£û˻ںЩ
ʶãƳεĵһ
ףǿǿϡ
ֻҪӦ£嶤Ļʺ
˵ǻʺ
ǱֱͣĬӦþܾҲܾܾ
Ŀ۾ȥںѲаʲôɫʼԺΪб˭ûõġ
ȻǿԼصƫƣʼвͣظһ֮֮ϵޱٹ⣬Ρ
ɣ軹ƳԺæӭȥƳ㣡
ͷʣ㡭㲻𣿡
ƳԻ󣬳ŴЦЦΪʲôҪģ
ȻѲǻ㲻Ѿˡ
Ʋ޿κΣҲûԼĿģԼǸ֪ͼĺˣԾΪѲмѹⲢӰѰұĳ·
·ǰ
ԼѲû֮ǰҪԸάϵĹϵãڲһ涼ϣȹ̵ģҲƳĹϵ
ɣ԰˰֣ҡһΪ㲻뿴ߵ¡
ƳĲ⣬ôᡣ
԰ɵӲŻΌҪʵ۵ˡ
ֻûǴͬ蹳ɹϵǳ
ˣʲôȻŮܸ㷢ӵôɣ
ɣҡҡͷһ˱־ˣӾͺˣǸġ
Ƴ˼Ҳûٶʡ
ɣţʱͲƳǣΪȥƴһ⡣
ƳҲģС˵
ɣܴջԴˡ
ʱһ
ʼնϾڳĸ֮ƽղŮɫֲЦǰɣӡݡ
ǰɣܱ۸Ƽе㺦¡
ͷסаһ䲻ҿԵĴ߹
ͷһš
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ʣΣ
ɣʵûʣֻòΡΡԼⶼ˵һ飺
Ƴ񡭽رãҳ֦ңáóԡ͵Ķÿˡ
Ŀ͸ֲͷ
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˶٣𷽲Сһ񣬲ίղŻ˵ҡϷأҡһȥ
üͷһڹ
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ɣʧɫæ֡
ȴͬ˵һ䡰֪ˡ߽Ժ
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ĽŲع˾䣺֪ˣ
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ǲӦͽиȥؾˡ
ΣҲƳȥԼԸ
ƳȴСһԣΪʲôӦ
۾ͬദʵȸѲҪɶˡ
Ƴм˽⣬ƳԭǺѲδޣԺѲĵģǺ֪
һҲƳ֦ĺ󳾡
ɫңҲ㱣ֻ֤Ҫһ죬Ҿһٻ㲻ǿԼί磬ǿȡ
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ҡͷЦ磬ǻʺ󰡣ΪʲôҪҲԸ⣿˵ȻضҪףҴضᡮίһˣ˭һ𣿡
ϣʺͲڸ׸ǹҸ֮󣬾պҪݣҲǼ¡
ĿµЩŮ֮£жԿ
ңҪǣϣû·ԡ
ޱ磬޲ҲѲܿû˱ܾ¡
ô
⳯һ翹ĻӣԼӦŻ¡
ûС
ҲζţȨޱ߼ʣ˿ܾ̾ǽ˼⣬ʹԼѡ
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ǸӣҪȢұݻסһʱȴסá
´Ӧάֻ档
ɽڣûա
ȻѲѳɶ֣ͱȴԣѡ
ΨнȨգܲΥԼĳġ
Ȼı޿κΣһᡣ
һʱԡ
ȷƳǸʲôˡ
ΪϲŭǺʵΪѲᣬΪܰѲһִ硣
ƺԾͬǰ㣬ּᶨ
ΪֳƳĮˣΪᱻ˺
ͬʱֲġ
Ҫͬ𣿡
ƳɫģĿ⿴⣺
Ϊʲôͬأ
һֵ֮ϱ˿ݻƵҶӣƾһֵݶҲԶˡ
һɿڣǻһ¾ͱ˳࣬߹սͬʱҴС㼴ϢҲֶߡ
һкˮɣһἰ̫ӡ
λž޵̫ӵ£Ų£ʹеļеȥ
û˸Ҷʲô
ʱ䣬ĴԽԽƵƳҲٶܶ
ô룬ϱӣóˡںԾǸʹŮˣỳƳΪѲ뷨ӴԺѲа⣬綼Ϊ
ֻҪ粻ݣƳЦӭġ
ҺѲѾˣΪԼԺı
ʱһһյţƺʼͬһȴǸꡣ
ĵǻѾ£ͬһ죬ܹĵ׼УϾɥڿʼһЩ
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ƳЩ⣬üʲô
ɣĿİͰҪͣ蹳ȴƳֱӵл˵
Ƴʱ⣬̬ɢûվͬʲô˵ģ
蹳ǹ̫ӵµġ
Ƴɫһ˲һһԵĴɱɫ糣ɣ裬ȽůŰɡ
ɣԺƳſ蹳Ѳôˣ
蹳ǹ˹δֱӻشƳǵƹȷǺֶΡ
Ƴͬ蹳ȷԵֲǳ
Ѳͻ飬ܻ蹳ѡƳͬϽˣŵ蹳Ϊ󣬽ٵʱֱҽغѡƳ
ζˣ˭ԼŮ˿¶ûʲôɫ
蹳ûʲôδ˸ƳҲʹ죬֪ƳΪ˰ιҲûмƽϡ
Ƴ蹳ܵ˵мġ
á
蹳ŴЦЦȷʵá
ԼϵĶ£ڱ䣬룬ұΪԼȡһˡ
ƳлǹźѲֻǵôȡأ
蹳СǱ۵ĺӣԺգ̫裬֪òڣĻҲעƽ
δĹ
ĸţǹһˣ˴ǰһöӣмµĸо
̫࣬ʮ̫꣬ͼ͵ʮȵ۴ϣˣ˽ҩʱգˮʱʹ
ҹʵǺ¼ˣȵֺ˾ƣ³ʶˤ´ϥȫѪȵ£û޳ɹ
û֪̫ͼԡ
Ҳɣĵͼȥףͬû
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ûŪɣ裬۸ɣ£ֹֻЩɣ趼֪ˡ
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Ѳ㣬˵ֻһ̫˰ˣޡ
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ڣûм޳ɡԾܻһºҴԽѣ޸һʮͷҡ
ֱ͢˱ʡ
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ԼЩ˵ģ֪ǵü޸硣
ԻǹʵǸ檡
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ǻԼѡͣ蹳νŹŮȴֻͬһ㣬͸ĸΪı档
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ĸĸΪһӣĸ˴ֲá
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ƳʣΪʲôҪ㣿
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Ϊ㼸Υʥ⣬޸ͰˣѵΪʲôⶼԸ𣿡
Ƴ豭棬ЩĮζԼѡƾʲôҪΪԸ𣿡
蹳δ
Ƭ֮ƳǣҪʲô
蹳Ҫɡ
Ҫҽȫȫ͵ݣҶϸܣڶҪ˱İȫ
Ƴ⣿
蹳Ȼǡ
ˣұҲ԰뾩ѱ˲׷顣
Ǳץס³μֱ
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ƳЩɻ󣬡ôôңѵͲҵʱ𣿡
蹳̯̯֣ˣҲûа취
ʵϣ蹳Ƴмεġ
ΪƳһ
ֻѾǿɡ
ƳѾǿݣȨ
ǶΪЩȥᣬȥԹ
ƳΪ蹳˱裬Ȼ󽫲ˮƵǰ
ðɣ¶ˡ
蹳ӹˮһֱģƳ۾
ڵ˵Ѳ
蹳˿ڲ裬Щ˵ģҲܱ֤Ƿȷܹȷ
µͬ磬ͬѲ˹ϵ
ϸ۲ƳķӦԶ׼Ƴ֪һ㡣
ԾɴӦĻԼ
ԺѲ¼ĿȾλ̫ʵһֱͣҲ֪λĵĿɹ̾Ƴĺġ
ʵΪ֮ܡ
ڣԭǸʤ֮֡
ѲԾмߵ츳սۣԷΪʤ
˽ڽڰˣѲԭ˶þͻ῭
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ʮգˮԴ޳ʳ˹ʱζɴʮѳʳ
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⣬ɣҪ״ǳŮֲܲʵԭ򡣡
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ˣԼ
ԶǷѲϵĻȨĻʺ֮λںѲĹѪ֮ϡ
蹳ɨһƳޱͬ˵֪ҼƻƳһֱδ֪ƳûȥҲǺ⡣
Ƭ֮蹳˵ꡣ
վƹ˵ˡ
Ƴ۾ɬûᣬֻǷվ΢䣬һУ֪ˡ
΢΢Ŵͼú˳һЩȥƫɣ㰲š
蹳һȻת߳š
̤һƳס
Ƴۿ죬мֺˣЩ˺ص𣿡
ڹжء
蹳Ƴء
Ƴ󲻵
ȥ룬ӱܡ
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ʲôʲô£ѲãǺѲԸġ
ΪһѾȥʧԼ˲ΪҪʺҪ̫ҪԼĶӵʵۣΡ
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ҹ䣬Ŵգȥصĺ
Ƴϣ˫Ŀգһţָץűǡ
ܾöûε֮ǰˡ
ٻǰһѲءЩɽӣѾ
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Īʮһ꣬ƵһϵƸͣǸһֵˣźӣЦʱϵԣЩϲС
ϰֺÿһˣԵ˳ʱͬһòĳЦ
ҲЦˡ
ӦǸ˰ɣϾЦʱһЦ
ֱǸ͵͵Ժӡ
˵ҪϷȻͿʼһŲܺ£ͣͣ󣬺ܿ죬Ľ·Сˣŵþȡ
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ĸҲˡ
룬һ죬վ㹻ߵλϣҪܵʱԺ޹˼ɵȥ
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ʱţһһĻѾִԸһΪִܶ壬ִҪ
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μرƽһ졣
·һ˺þãûϵϰ߹ţܹܾá
ӹ죬ŲԽԽ˫ѥͣǰӸµĿָߴ
ӽָ֣޳𪣬ƺŲΥ
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ξ֮⣬ѲѾˡ
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Ƴԭء
㡭ôˣ
ƳⴺƳۣⴺ
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ҲŻ𣿡
ū澲ҡ
ǷҲ͵͵Ϊ¾òֵء
ⴺ޷˵ѣ򴽣Ĭˡ
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ԽٽӣоԽæͬʱҲæΪڵˡ
羹Ҳڰæ֮УڽԼƳһȥȼơ
ƳմѾòȥˣʱʵǺȥ֦⼸쵣ĵŶԴ˱¶Ȥ
羵ǵƻ
ޱȣƳڣԾܸоͷ֡
ߵƻ¥ɫ··⣬Ƴص⽭мá
ƹʱһᣬͷȥһȡ
ƳһŲʲôʱ򿪣ǲԼ¥Ҳġ
Ƴƻ¥㣬ƾÿԿɫ
Ƴ棬ӭ洵˻Ὥ磬־Щͷۣл˷䡣
㣬βڷΪҪĵطɴҡĲãľ߰ʾζ
Ƴֹˮ˸ͷȻˣ˴ϡ
۾ݣֻǻεš
ִӴϳ˿鲼ϣԭѱӸϣһ񳶹һɴ
֮۾ϣžһЩ
֪ҪʲôֻҪԸ⣬粻ǿ
ΪֹЩµо鶼ںѲ
ʱգԾɼǵпļʱܺÿֱ۳Եʱƺ̲ž޴ȵĺˮ°ϻ䣬һ˫ÿüۣϵ
ʱܸܵ
һѲˡ

Ƴ΢΢Ŵ̾˿Ը롣ͻȻúû˼Ҫվ߳ؼȥ
ɲŶһ£ϾͻȻѹһˣԵǿᣬƺҪһ㡣
Ƴ۾ȻɴʶΪǺˣšü磬֣
ϵԾδĴϢĪϤУ˫ƣһסĲһֻǿĿ
Ϥһơ
һʱЩͣס
ܸоĴĶߣţ˵ƵУ
ƽնõģܻӭ
л˵
賿룬Ҫˣ簲
ΪףСջ۷


97 ׹
⼸, ƳΪԼѾѲѾȫΧźѲչ, ߵҲʼĬĲἰѲ
ǵϤٴʱ, Щļھӿ
ζȻýӲҽ۾ϵɴȡ, ۿǱ˵Ҳ·ŶֻԼĴ
˫ֻͣԼĲ, ָԽԽ, Ϣн, ƳԾû˳ӵĴ˵ʼ̬Ϊʹе̰
ô, ʧˣֵ
ͳ, λεķ̣ڵʲôѾˣôȲ
һ, ʶſʼ
ʼȷ, ֮ɿ졣
Ȼ۾, ȻЩѵ̧˺Ѳ䣬ǰͻǡ
Ϥϲ
ɴϣڴҵֻܿһɫӰֻһۣͶ϶
ûΡ
ƲסԼ, ѿڵ硭
ѲȴԽ, ڱĴ, Ҳ, ʹƳϵɴ䣬ڿ
һ˫ҹ۾
֮ǰҪӵ۵мڣԾɿ
ϸȥ½ڸǴϸС˿©ͦţüĿ䡣
ĿƲ˿飬ôһ˲䣬Ҫɱ
˵ңҾúܶġ
Ƴһ٣ٴ蹳Ļ
ȷʵû˵
ΪϢУʼǺ죬۽Եˮ
˵Ļ
ĲϸѲһ־ƿأµļȣѪֻҪһͻӴʧ
ɱɡ
Ȼα˽ˣҲ
Ƴ𲱾˫ֽԷںѲһֱźѲһˮͫϣĿ顣
ɶǼٵģ֪
кԼʱûɱŪԼŮˣԾɲܡ
֮£Ѳϵ
룬ƳƲסԼĲӾҵĿ
ԾɷںѲץĺܽһھҵĿУһؿƴѹƣһϲĿĿİͰ͵㡭ˡ
Ѳķ衣
Ȼ˻ڿ֮˷ܵס˺Ѳ֣ĿĶЩʣΪʹϸ
§ס˺ѲĲԼĻУͬڴƯڵþȣͣĵ̫ˣûû
ʱգٴ
һֹĳ䶨İȸС
·˵ľϡ
ԴӺѲ뿪ܾп䡣
ܶʱڿĿԼȥȻһҴߵķʽԼҪѣҪ֪ʲôǶҪĶ
źѲѶ֮ԾҴߡ
ܸѹ޷ܺѲز
ı濴Ƶᣬ˶ڿĵĵ䡣
ȴʱ޿̶һޱڷӭԼһҪԼܳ뱯ˡ
Ȼ磬ȥʵȻﻮԼԺӦô졣
ֻɽڣΪѲĻᡣ
ʱգֹܹܵ蹳ⴺ֦ɣ裬ߵ˺ڶﲻ
ǲǳޣʱֻһ۵üǵ֪֪ǶָĮ塣
ûд
㲻۸飬ǺѲؾӦúúñĲ֪ԼӦôźá
Ҳ˼ϾܾԿףȻء
벻
Ѳδ̧ӵסܸоŮεĲԼ䴹ţо
ûʧ𡣡
Ƴͬз̣ϸֱԾɽı
ɤȻܣҡͷҺܿġ
ѲЦһȻƿ˴Ŵϵָס°ͣŮĲԵָۣЩĿ
ƿĿ⣬Ȼ󲻷𣬿ڶԻʲôüֵ
òΪһ֮ǰһаɣ
ƳŲüû롣
ѲΪӦ޸
޷˵͵ĻΪѡ˼Լ˽ģԼ
ûʲôý͵ģǶԲѲ
ֻܲ԰׵˵һ䣺Բ𡣡
סּеˣЩ𣿡
˵˺أڻ𣿡
ѲǱֱֱ۽ӲĿԽ
ֶΡ
׾Ͱأһʼ̲סԭεƭڵ֪ļԾûвĸԸ޸ˣȻһס
ƭá
йϵ𣿡
Ƴһ죬εֻǹ㡭
Ĺмģ
ƳֲˣںѲ˵ʲôͽ͡
  ˵ĻҪǰʱռܶҩġ
Ķҿɲҳԡ
ջƳ°͵֣ƳԾɷǣһͳ˻
Ƴλ˻Σ򴽣мֿ
Ѳʵ̫ʱװЩʲôΪ֮Ѿǳˡ
ûб˼ֲẦ㡣
Ҳûк㰡һֱܺúõġ
ѲʶĻ
תһ룬ȷûʲôʵԵ˺
ˡ
ĿεϣжӵĿʼ⸱αģиɻıݣԾ̾
ôȻɵݼ
һԼĽŲ
ϵɫʼһֽŪ̬վڴߣӸµĿƳ
ڵôң
Ƴû˵ͷӦöΪѲٴĹߡ
һᣬûס˵ͷ
Ѳʵͬ˵ɣǵܵѳκβز˶
ƳɫÿΪѲˣ޻˵ѲȻţͼúռȵ
ǡ
ƳüںѲȻȻĳһ˼
ôʧˣ
ãҲٿ⸱α
ƳҡҡͷԼ⣺ûʧֻûԼĶ
ҾȥûҲûйϵ
ĽŲԽԽƳˡ
»֪ѲţŹһˣ
̧ѲȻɨһ۷䣺Ӧ
վźѲȥһ㣬ȰŪȥ
Ѳɨһ.ɫĴ󴲣ҪôӦ
Ƴע⵽˺ѲĿ⣬̶˼æûиϹ
֮ԻͲΪ磬ΪӼŲŲ֦һأΪôȷ¶Ƴ̬ȵĲ˳ƴӦԼ
ⷿ䲼Ҳ֪ˣ֦ͬԸ⣬½ˮҲǿ
棬ܸеġ
Ѳ𻰣ͷŲۿ͵ſڡ
ٶ˵ 㣬ȥ
Ļδ˵꣬ͱסȻᱧһ˲ѲֱӴ˴
ڿգʶץס˺Ѳ½󣬱Ľ紵˲١
ѲɢķǶԲǾɡ
αڰǣɫ͸裬ĺѲޱİ
֪Ѳʲô˼֪Ҫȥġ
ڣֻҪڿڴѲԾܻңȴǸԼλá
Ȼúۡ
ƣӺ֮ǰͿʼ˶
ʱ䣬ܾԼи߿գ鸡߿һ
־壬ãͼʱ޿̵ĥ
ӺСʱ֪ҪһҼᶨˣ׼һ¾ٹĹѪ֮ڡ
Ůӵ̶̫ͣ彿ܽ޷;ּѣеļֵǽԼϲģȻȴĴ
蹳֮ΪȴУ蹳ĿɣÿһҪϸĥȨ⣬ӶԼڡ
һֱΪǶԵĵ¡
źѲ֪ԼԾĿᶨ
֡
ʼҲνᶨ塣
ڴʱȥ֣ǵ˵һ䣺á
л˵
ĵ黹Ƿ
˵¼㣩
1.ٳܣŮԣҪ
2.۵㲻ͬѣҪ໰
3.he  he  heȻhe
4.˫򱼸ΪǣŮĳɳѶĺѸԺѣˣİء
5.ǶСҪκһ
6.в޸ģŮɿɲ


98 Ʊ
̫, ɢڷѲδ
һݶ, ϾڸҺ, ӭ洵ĺ絶УѲĲԴš
ĺ֡
֪ԼԲѲ, Ҳ֪ѲһҲҪɱ, Ȼ, ɲ˱, ΪѲԾȫĵط
ʱգԼļ壬˼ʶ, ʼʱ, ͬʱǰ, ΪкѲڵĵطĹޡ
ѲĴ, ;ҲѿڶԺѲ˵仰, ǺѲû
Ϊɤֲ̫Ҳٿ
ۣ޷ҹĺ缸޿ײ룬ֻԼͬû·һ㡣ڱǣȲѵŴȻɤ, ˡ
ԭȾЩͷ, ֱֱĴ, ֻԼͷƤľˡ
΢΢, ԼźѲͼϻһЩů
ü뿪һ㣬ٿڣȥ
ʱΪ尾һҲڣΪܸܵѲסֱۣܽҲ
ڵ
ܰġ
Ѳͣһ˽ԷǰȻⶪͺԷǰСˡ
Ƴܣû⴦طҲû̫עⷽ򣬵²Ӧûδǣֻ˽ԱȽϺá
ʣʱûҵ
ںѲ󣬽Ժʱע⵽ҪĶࡣ
¡
ѩ
Ƴмֲ죬˹ȥֻδѩż멣Դǹеˡ
ѲһδӹѩѣǵǨɾ𡣡
ѩ£Ѿɾˡ
̧һۺѲƳʲô顣
ƳԼ飬ĴĿܵ䵭
Ѳ
ѩŵʹѾûжˡ
ѲŲͣƳֻѲѩ˵Ķûпȥ
ֱȣԺ߳Ľһ¡
໹żƳʶõס
ǶδƳһۡ
ѲͬѩŸ䡣
ѩǣ¡
ƳвԸס˺Ѳ䣬Ҳܸסһ𣿡
ѲԭҪߣͣסŲ
һʱ˵ĿⶼƳϣƳ²дԼǿģܣֻСڴźѲ
ͼ˵һ䡰á
ǲδ̫ãѲԼ䣬Ŀδ϶һ˲΢΢üͬѩԸȥ
ѩӦ
Ѳ뿪ǰ棬һ˸ƳıӰ
ֻڰա
ѩ࣬ƹ߰ɡ
Ƴ̵ջԼ֣ѩصվһԣȻū
վԭûжѩҲδߴ٣ǲ˶
һᣬʣ֪𣿡
ѩδƳ⣬Ƭ̺ŵū֪Ĳ࣬ƹǺ棬ֱʵ¡
ǲԸͬ˵˼ˡ
Ƴת̵ĸѩǲδѩԶڲ˵
ѩͷĬĴ·
δشƳĻ಻֪ش
ʱæ𣿡
ѩԾǾ仰ū澲֪
ƳҲȥܵģġ
ѩȴԾҡͷūĲ֪ĪҪΪū澡
ƳһʱҲ֪Ӧ˵Щʲôˡ
ѩԼĪаӣŵִһ᷿ƳطмƫƧѩطסĵطԶ𣿡
ѩׯӲԶ
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99 滰
Լڴϵ˻, ˮһҲԼĪаʱ, ΪͷλǳŲס˯˹ȥ
ٴ۾ʱ, Ѿĺĺϡ
ԾֻһˣаĻƣ΢Ĺ֧ժ͸, ڵһжڰֻ֣ܿµ
̵ĴӴ, Щ, һŷӦԼֽĴ
Ҳ̫ˡͬһ, ĿȥҲ죬˯һֲˡ
ȻǸ۷ǳˣܶʱ˼άǳ򵥡
, Ѳ, ͻȥ, , ŸֹƢ, ϸԵмѿ
Ƴô࣬ڴ˻㴩ЬģпʼĥźѲڻڲ
еŤ룬֪Ͳˡ
ʱȥǾ͹ȥ
˵ʲôȻǸģ˵һЩֵĻ˺, Ҳٰ
ھǰһ, ȷԼ˿Ȼǳÿվ, վ, ͷж
һʱҲ֪ԼԤУһţٴڴϣȻ󾲾һԹģ
ľűƿδ̧ͷ
һû̧ۿ˹ȥö˺ѲĿ⣬һۣ֮ǰ࣬޶мֹ¼š
űϡ
ͻȻÿϡһѲʼѹ̲ס
Ŵȿڵ㲻ǲ𣬸ҡ
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ˣҡ
ѲûƿżǺѲ°ͣɤһ첻ңҾһ졣
ѲǱֱ˿δݡ
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Ů˫ͬˮۿԾɷ죬ԵԽϲ㰡Ϊʲôء
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ͫڣֱֱĶȷϲҰɡ
ϲܴϲ̫ӣϲûʵĹԵҲܸЩʱֻȥϲˡ
ҵλʵܣ
Ƴһ죬һʱȻ˵ԵĻ
Ϊһʼȷˡ
ڣԾϲûʵĹϲȨƣϲһֵǮĶһ䡣
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δΪΡ
ԼԼˣΪǰڸԼ鰮
ȥκĹѪҲȻȻΪԺѲҲˡ
Եȵİ飬ǱʶΪαװٺãʧȥһ졣
˫أֱ۳ڴ̨ûһ;Щᡣһ˲һ˫ֱסȻŻסؿڣһֱֻס
֪˶ãűŵϣֻסѲ׾һب˺ۡ
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Ůһ˫ԾԾԵĶźѲ
ʱ·, ѲϰԵššü, Ȼֺʶ̫ԡ
ǶλĴʾ俪ʼϣڶŮĿ⡣
ľԼôؽ, ףҲȷ
ʲô˼
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Ҫֺ˭Ļǲ, ҲƢġ
ѲǡҲƶ, ôҶ뿪㡣
ƳЦЦ, ƾʲôء
Ҳ, ƾʲôš
֪, ҳáȻƸҲõظ֮ңĸûʲôϵʱǸСû˻ĸԸĵС
ָһںѲؿںһȦȦһ߻Сʱһܽظ⣬Ҫȿܴܲӳ͵һ, ֵǸϳӵ, ҾͲȥ, ˻ᱻûϵ, һַҿ͵׵鷿Ϊҹ۲죬ϵĸÿỻһࡣ
һܽظ⣬ССԹͻ߻ȻжΪҪ֤һʧ
ܳԵܽظͨԴʱľ׼ԼԱϰԵ˽⣬ƼżȻеġ
Ѳһֱ֮ӣס
һ˳ƶӼͿʼʱպͨԼŬչֳʲôɳΪ󷽵ˣԱֶԶĿĹѪ
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סԼҪϡƽôҰ
Ƴ˵ͷ԰ҺðŶ
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΢΢Ŵɤ䷢ɬ
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ԸҲûйϵ
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ĽţôЬ
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ĥ˺þء
ͼúѲ˿ڣȻ̧һ
ļǵãԼʱķǳ⣬˺ܶѪԼһ˯֮ǰʵˡ
ڲע⵽ûʲôʹУðײҲָɾǱ°һ顣
Ѳûϴʱ򣬾Ѿˡ
ֻʱûзֳ˼ȥԼ֡
׹ĬĬĽ˻ȥȻ°ͷںѲͷС˭͵͵ҷġ
ѲӴ˼Ц⣬ָĽţ»ֱӽ
Ƴ򴽣ȻмȻתƻ㻹ûشΪʲôҪĥǷء
ѲΪ˹⡣
Ƴ
һ죬ǲС
ûƳֲ꣬Ҳζ
Ƴˡ
ʲôƫƫҪһҹĥ֣Ѳûʲôϵ
ѲɿŪŮ֣Ȼվط䡣
űϣ⣬˵ʱϢĲ
ǳƽˡ
л˵
һ
ʱ䲻ҲҪȣϽ˯пˢһ¾


101 
Ӳ֪ʱٴα򿪡
ƳںѲ, ڻһ۴, ôо춼Ҫ˰
ѲƳڴ, 
ƳųʱֻһѲۣһƬ, ߴźѲѽѣȻԼҲ
ڱн, ȻȴںѲ, 
ϰԵĦ, ϻůֿʼɻ󣺡Ϊʲôͬôʱ䣬ȴôůͣ
Ѳɫм΢, ̽ȥƳ, 𶯡

Ƴ, ȻúѲע, ҪŶ
, ͱѲ׽סҹɫãҲܸܵɫ˼֣ڸ
Ƴ侲㡣
Ѳ侲
ƳִӺѲ§ʲô
ˣ
Ѳ򴽣ǻͼ֣ԥ죬мղǲ˵ˡ
ƳҲǺۡ
, ۲š
Ƴҡҡͷ, ܾǲŪôӶ¡
ʲôвŪꣿŪѾѾȥһʱ, , ô̵ס
ʣǻǷãûǿа̫¹һ飬ͼ侲
Ƴ˯ţкҵűĶתƻ⣬С˵ͣ˵һֱô簡治ף㿴𣿡
֣Ҹһμʱ˵ϲңȻܺãҲûôϲɣ滹գҪǿôǸӣ˭Ը
Ѳɹ侲ö˶ʲô
Ƴʡǲҡ
ҡ
žһӱﴫЩƣѲһƨɡ
Ƴסң
Ѳһֻס죬ǿӲ
ƳæƿѲ֣ڸ̹㲻ϲ˵滰𣿡
ѲƳȻƳŸ˵ĻһȻƵ
㲻˵˵滰𣬶Щ˵
Ƴô˵ܶģ˵ꡣ
Ѳ⣬ǵ˵ģŵ;ٸӡ
ƳúѲ淳ѽôǵҶ˵ʲô
ѲŻԲ˵˵ͺá
Ƴ򴽣Ҫ˵
Ѳһʼ
ƳýŲСȣǳصĴսĶϣںѲڴ㻹ǵһι.ʱ𣿡
ѲȻǵãǵûи׹
ȻҲпû
ƳѲĶһһٵ˵ô󡣡

ڰУѲɫٳδڣѾòʧˡ
ĬУƳգգ۾ʵ㲻𣿡
ǰ˵㶼˷ѽ
ڴϡ
Ҳڰ
ѲĬĬڴϣ㡭
˶٣ᣬľͬƳһĵĶ䣬ʣµļֲꡣ
Ƴһ̡
Ѳֵ»رֵֹˡ
Ƴ⣺ƾʲôҿ飬㲻Ҳ𣡡
ҿûҰʷ顣
Ѳߵķ˸§Ƴ˯
Ƴ߶˾䡰ҷǵÿ
Ҳٶԣˣű۾
*
ٴ۵ʱ򣬷Ѽǹ۾˻ĵѲ϶Ѿˡ
㷢ԼȻ§ţ˹ȥ˵ĿӳԾɱ۾ƽȡ
Ҳ̫ټˡ
ƳЩ˷ҶѲ춼ûδֹ˺Ѳûѵ
̵ҪԼԺѲŶһ£Ѳ§
ƳԲٶͷʼϸ۲Ѳ
ǰ˵ѲĺÿúÿֲܵԣԴΪмȴԽԽϲ𴽽ǣĵ˯Ҳôÿ
Ŀ̫ȣûһѲ۾
˶Ŀ⡣
ںѲڻʱƳĴǣ
⣬ѾˣѲѾüûôˡ
Ҳȷöûһ˯Щľˡ
ƳѲһԲ֪ԸѾ߸ѲѣмİѲۣȻʲôѽ
Ѳʲô£
ƳһЦĺģ㡣
ѲţƵҲǲУҡ
ƳһȻ˼ÿѸԼϣҲ󡣡
ҲܣҪһ𡣡
̫ڸ߿գһжޱȡ
ѲȻӲֻǣ߳ȥ
⴦˽ԺڵСѾ㲻ö࣬ҲûмƳףںѲ࣬ʳԼɻ󣬡磬ǻھ𣿡
Ѳڵġ
䣬˽ŲҴҵѩѩͣסŲĿⲻźۼɨ˽յ֣ȻͬѲ밲
ѲδɿƳ֣֪ѩʲô֪ˣ͹ȥ
ѩӦȻĬĸԱߡ
ƳʵѲ˶ԼĿ
һΪû˷
ܴںѲߵģֶһҶĿƫˣӦöǵӾͬڷԼѡ
һ·ƳǷŵһѩȻ͵͵ѲѲ磬˵컹Ұ͸Ҷǣ֣˻᲻˵סѽ
ѲܾƳԼôò˵Ų濪ʼ˼Լǲеˡ
̫ԭŮԺƱزϧ
Ѳҳס
Ƴĸѽ˵ǣѩǱϿ϶˵ܵô𣿡
뵽ƳܲϧѲͲ̫ģֲܶƳƢĿһѩ
ȫ̵ѩͷƤһ飬зǳ޹¿ʲôԸ
ѲתƳҲҡ
ѩ
ƳͬѲһ˱Է۲죬ֻкѲмˣط㲻ر󣬵˽Լǿ঵״ѲҲö֮ĴھС
мֺĴҪʲôأ
䣬ͷһŲȽһԲŮӣŲ죬£졪
ڿƳȻֹĿƳѲתסԼı顣
Ƴ䴽ЦЦ§źѲֱۣĵ½㡣
л˵
Ҫˣ׶ûУ
ȸһ°ɣ滹£Ҳпܶһ
Ҫȣ



102 
԰ʺѲûндɣ
ֻѲһ, ȻδԼֱۣ
µ߷ֲ˼ֳ˲ӬԼտʼʹ, , ظԼʧ񲻿ʧŵµ
, ֵʩˡ
ģǸ޷׵, Ƚ, ԺȸѲ˸, Ȼ󲻼£ӽҩԶˣָ, ҩԡ֮
Ѳһ, ٿʼɡ
ƳһֱʵʵںѲ, Լ, δ͸¶ֻƬ, ܴǵȱ֮ȥ϶Ҳ˲СĴۡ
ҲۣһʼɽʱҲ
Ѫ˵ĶôˣֻҪѹûһ
̫ӣôԼŪ⸱ģ
ԽԽܡɫ̫ÿ, аѺ˸Ѫͷ, Լ׸綼µȥ, ʲôġ
úѲһֱδܵնݳ
ںѲ, ʧ٣֪ܲܲѲʵûӱʮ겻ɲúôȥ
ĥ˰죬ѲѾҪˡ
ƳסѲ֣Ŀ£㲻ȥ
ĿһֱͣںѲϣ뿴ˣΪ˿ڴ˺ܾãò׵ȵ죬ҸҪȥҽվʦ˼ѧϰġ
̫һҲһʱȥԸͭѧҲһġ
Ѳ⣬ҲҶ˵ʲôһ¾Ͳ鲻Ըĳˡ
Ѳ£ӴСС̺ۣܶŸͲŵ̫е壬ƳĬĿţϲԣȴ
ʵһֱ˵ĻѲܹʲôӲʹ֮ڿڲܲ
֮ǰΪѲʱضҪϣѲһЩٲҪ̫ʹ
עãʶ޳ǰʵ̫С
ҪôܱѲء
ƳĬأģѲȴͻȻϰ⸱ĬģˣȻһʼȷ۵Ŀ⡣
սƳ֣οֻǿ˰ˣʵۡ
Ƴۿ죬ֱϵỊ̧ۣ̇ʣ𡣡
Ѳ
Ƴ߶̾Ͳÿˡ
Ѳǳ˳һڣջԼ֡
ÿһ
ݺݵвĻ͸ҵɡ
*
ƳѲѾȥ죬δֻƬʧ٣ǻָҳʲôӡ
Ǻ绹ңƶƳȥ
˵ʱ䳤ˣ᲻ᷢ⣬ȥ˼ʲôĶ
ǸԵĶǵԣ˽ºƳڿʼʽ˼⡣
ھܲǳ֮ƣǱ֣ضᱻϾɱ
ɫȴǺ
ԭȺѲҪȥϴϴʵöſؿڣԺĿڣϴ
ֵֹĶһᣬ˵ỳء
ѲŮԺ׵Ĵ˵ʲô
ƳƫƫͷĿѲ֡
ưҹȥ˰⣬񣬵ôѽ
⼸ѲȥĴ࣬иһϵļơ
Ѳ·ʲôô죿
ƳܲһֱɣҲ˵ˣھǣҪǱˣ˼һˡ
룬ͼԼĴ׼ڸѲɲҪԱ̫ӣȥλֱ˳ʧ٣ĸ۵˵ˡ
ƳͻȻԼ߷ǸܵܵƣĻ˻һء˵ˣڸ磬ǴΪûбѡҳô֪࣬˭ʺġ
ѲЦЦ𣬿ʧأʲô㿼ǹ𡣡
Ȼǹ
ĽѲ֮ء
ô˵˸ǿǻλΪλĿɶȥˣ
ѲƳҲԸôңѡĸҰѡ·ܻһЩ
ƳüѲ˵ַǳģһôô˻˵ֻ
ҾǷǵø㡣
еɸֵĵΪ㸶ô࣬ŬŬ
ѲƫǻҪ
Ƴ̬ǳеĻҶˣ㿴ô󣬵ʱӳǣҸɽͷռɽΪȻҾͰץѹկˡ
Ƴ
ô㻹⣬ʱԲûֵأҪʲôҾ͸ʲô˭۸㣬Ҿ͸ȥ𣿡
ƳȻôһ˲񻹲šüҡͷá
㵽ʱ⵰ˣûҪʲô͸ʲô
ѲЦļƳ⸱˾ǳģˣûش𣬱ţ¡
һǾԲŵģǰҹ϶ǳʲô£ƳһӴӺѲϷôˣ
Ѳ˵һ䡰֪ˡ㿴ƳȻһŮŵСżûʲô¡
ƳţǺǸ쵰˰ɣ
ѲģҴһɽͷ
ɼϣüոն˵ȥԡƫȥں˰ɡ
Ƴɨ˸ߴͦεЩһ˭֪ɹʲô
룬ִսѲȵȣζɣ
ȷûʲôζҪվĲ˻ȥĵĲ𣿡
˵䣬ѲѾ룬ƳĶͷû¡
Ƴʲôʱҵ㡣
Ѳˣ˯
Ѳ߳ź󣬷ڱֻʣƳһˡ
ڴϿʼ˼롣
ֻ޵ΪѲˣûں϶׵㻰Ȼô˵Ҳõģٲô
ڼžȻкѲϢȻû´ԡ˱ӣȻŵžͲ֪ʲôʱ˯˹ȥ
˼ʼ룬һΡ
μĿĴ𣬺ѲȻӳǣȥĳɽͷռɽΪɽ
ɽԴ䣬̲һжʮֺг
һʼ㲻Ѳֱӡ
Ѳڴϣֲ֪ôǮǰÿ⡣
ѲСǸүֻ֪Ǯ֪Ǯ֪͹Ǯһ¾Ůϡ
ˣû취
ǮѲͲ
Ǻòӣĳһ죬ɽʿΧסԭǹ׷ճ˶Կԧ죬˫˫Ȫ
ƳѹԺ󣬻ûлʵСȵùţȻں¡
ѲӦòֻһŮǮ˰ɣ
ʱѲԾδ
£ͳȥߣΪ⴦Ժ㲻ôҲûѾߡ
ųţײ˹ɨĴʹѾͷԭҲûûôע⣬ֱ˴߹ʱΪصǿһƿ
Ƴֱסƿ˲ͷӦ˿Ǵˣԭֱӽ뻹ûдݾߣװģƿȻ˷䡣
սţŶûؾֱڵϽƿ˳бƿһСֻֽֽм̵ĸ֡

Ǻ֣Ϊڴ֮ǰ˲ٺ㣬ʶ֡
ƿҩۡ
Ѳ²⣬Ѿ֪ھǸѲһֻǲ֪ΪʲôԺѲ֣Բ¶
аδ˽磬ȻѾ֪ѲģȻûж֣ζȻʲô谭ѾϢѲ¶ǴⲻŹѲ
Ѳô˵˳̫ӣȻûӦλڳüһߵӵ磬ȵѲλ˵
ܱ֤ȫںѲһߣҪ¹˭δ֪
ƿӦô졣
ʱѲ˽ƿӣڸʲô
ĿԣƳлƿСֽͷֱߡ
ƳûźѲȻҲôľʹƿºѲ룬ʶҪ͡
ɺѲûע⵽ЩһҲаˡ
Ƴġ
ļ˺ܵ㣬Ӷ콫Ƿ׳ˣҪȥҡġ
ƳĬĬѲҲδԼ˼ʱ䡣
ӷ·һΡ
һᣬƳȷʵûȥˡ
Ѳ΢΢߬Ȼ͵һʲôʱȥ
Ƴɡ
Ѳô졣
Ƴվɫ֣صˡ
ָ˸Ѳε˵Ǹ˺ܻ׷ŹǵģҲ֪϶˺ˣ᲻˼ûϵ
ֻҪҾͺˣһĶ
Ŀᶨʮ棬ѲƬ̵֮󣬲ŷӦ˵Щʲô
һκѲԾûоֻܾЦЦȻʳ˺ϴһ⣺ʧء
᲻ڡ
Ƴ򴽣ԥȻҺܲϲ˵ֲĻ
ʧˣҲû취̫ùˣŬŬһ¡ǽûĻǾֻܡ
Ѳʣֻʲô
Ƴɫӣŵķ꣺ֻȥɽˡ
ѲЦЦʱͬյ˼˵סƳ֣Щεĸ̾ǡ
Ƴ֪ôЦóԼΣһ£һ˫ˮӿͰ͵ĿѲȥɽˣһҪŶ
Ѳ⣬ôͻȻ˵
Ƴ˺Ѳһ£·Ϊ˷йԼķŭΪ㣡
Ѳ
Ƴ߷ߵһΣǵɽӻˣ㲻ͰˣȻȥһŮӣ˵ĳڣ

һʱ֪˭ίѲǽƳ§
Ȼıſ⣬ģⱲӶ꣬һǮʵڲлԽٸƶ
Ƴ̾˿ȻǴӦ
ѲԴҸҲӦ𣿡
Ƴˣĳ̶ֳ˵һִˣûôľᡣ
ҲļᶨǰҪߵʱһֱڳĿŬ
˵ԺҲĿ꣬Ȼ֮ǰΪ桱־أȻ벢ͻ
ֻʼ֮ǰĲϧһУԸˡ
ԸһŬ۸Ըһ
ҲİѲңǲܱȽϵġ
ѲһأΪƳɽҰĻںδʻӵ
ƳһأһСƶ񤣬еˮ㼯һȻʱ꣬СƬΨһһ侪޵Ļ
仨ϣ⣬͸Ѳ
ͬ޷Ƚϡ
ѲֻźҾܵɽˡ
ԶΪƳİеҡ
Ƴڸ֮ѡ񣬸νгΪۡ
ֻơ
ƳһʱûףӺѲ̧ͷĶҪˣʲô˼ѵܲ׼ҲУ
ѲͷĴΪҪʺ󡣡
Ƴ
գգ۾ɫм΢ԥ죬ЩŤĵҲö̫Ȼ˵ҪĶǺǸҲô׶Ըġ
Ѳü治Ǽٲ
Ƴԭ治
ڣͻȻӺѲ̧ͷĵĿ⡣

ѿڣʲô˼
ѲһоڲС
˺ðΣƳŻȻ򣬶ʱһȻ֪
㻹˵֪֪ʱ˵ˣҡ
סԽԽִ̧˺Ѳؿںü£ûôţӲİԼָˣѲס֣ŵǹⲻ˵ҵʱҲ֪չ
ֻϵǻжǰһֵĲãδϵǾȻֱӶԸ֣׶һ£Ҳսǰò֪
ΪսͣЪֱӽƾͼƣһΪ˽ʱؾֱӰ߱ı֮һڣҲǷֹڰŪʲô
ҵʱҲǻ˵һжã㲻Ҫġ
ֻΪż;ֹˣҲд̫ࡣΪڲ٣ҲΪ˱ƳһֱûиϢ
Ƴ˭֪ʲô˼Ϊ;ˡ
˶٣ŵԲŸѶһ𵽵ġ
Ȼ֪ºѲҲ޹ƳǿƲסԼƢ
ԺϣǰǺ͸Сƿ
Ȼô졣
Ѳȥһȥ
Ƴأ
ҿܵ뾩һˣܿͻ
ƳԴûϵ񾩳֮ڣȻͬգһһҲѾ֪
ضҲǿԵġ
ƳŪСƿһǻҰɣӦ֪Ըģ߰ɡ
ھǣҲܰ㡣


105 С꣩
׼, ԭͣıƳ٣⼸³Ӽ, ҲԵʲݡ
ƳԴ֪ԼкһֱǳС, ˺óʱŽԼһС᲻ϵĳȻ, Ѳϵ֤ݡ
⼸ҸʵʱߺѲΪʵ̫æ, ÿ˯ʱ, Ҫ, ʵڲģԱ˺þá
Ҫﻵˡ
ֱǳ׵һжһֳ䶨ĸо
ڽ̻Ի͵ĹȺѲʱ, лҵණ
֮ǰ, СݵĴȥ, Ƕҹ, ͷҲ, һʼֻ밲ȵĹԼٱ۸
Ȼʼǣϣǿʧ
ֺÿ˶ʲôöֿʼϣվ㹻ߵλϣԼҲҪһöҪúȡ
ԸСݻ, ȥ˺ܾúܾ, ǻͷһ, ȻŲһꡣ
ŮŶ, Ƴʱձ˯æһ죬Ъȵļ˯
ڡҪ˯ɱҲ˯͡нô˯˽սʱѲ߽Ϸŵ㺹Ϣȣһܹġ
ŵĶȴʮֳţͦΣ߽Ƴĥһ·һ仰Ӧ˵ʲôĺѲ߽ŷƳڴ˯

û˵ʲôĵԼĺе𣿡
Ƴһ۾ǿѹҡҡͷ
Ҳ˽ѲҲ̲סˣ˸߲ҵҸ˵һ£
뻳ѲмһƬհף˳סΣ˱Ȼڴϣ˵ţȴ°ͣԼеš
ƳһʼӭϣֱԼ½󳨿ǰһƬʪʱæס˺Ѳͷȵȵȵȡ
ϣѲϸϸĴȻ˲رķϣȻϣ⿪ԼǰԼ¶ļ
˵
Ƴٴ첻С
ѲýˮӣȷʱպŵôС
Ҳ϶ͣƳڻ¡
Ƴף鼱֮º˾䣺һˣ
ѲϵĶڶסӲһ䣺㡭
ƳĴǣظһ飺С
Ѳִ˿̻·Ƴһ£ٿȻԼ֣ȻԼѹϣʱӽӲ
СƳû³ͷʣģ
뵽ֵƳ˸ʵʵȻ¸Լѡ
һᣬβƳߣ˶Ƭ̣Ѳѿڣ𣿡
Ƴһۣƭʲô
סѲ֣ȻҪԼ
Ѳüͷһ壬ʲôʱôЩ
ֱŮСһᱡĲϣƽ̹ȡ
Ƴգգ۾˵ĺ֣˵ĿԳС𣿡
ѲԼֿЩֿ̫ЩƳͬиСӡ
ϲ侲ЩƳûԻѾʼǡ
ʲôʱֵģ𣿡
ƳҡҡͷҺüǰ֪ˣ̫ҽ˵ˡ
Ѳôûң
̫æˡ
ѲĬƬ̣ȻԲˡ
Ƴҡҡͷʲôֻǲġ
ӣӦջؾǶʱ䡣
ȵѲֱˣŸҷСϣð춼û˵
ƳҲûгںѲѾСȡʲôˡ
ѲְûڵҸոջˤڴϡ
ûôģ̫ҽ˵ҪһӲз
𷽲źѲļҪҰ㡭
Ѳɫһڣôûеߣ
԰գ§Ƴ˯ɣҪúϢ
ƳҲˣһ۾
֮󣬼žķѲԾۡ
Ѳٴοڣ˯𣿡
Ҫǲ˵Ƴ˯ˣԺһģûУô
Ѳǻǰ̫ҽйɣҸո־е󡣡
Ƴֱۣû£ܸоġ
˯ɸ硣
Ѳ
ֹƬ̣˵ٴڿտķ𣺡Ҫ̫ҽɣԷһ

㻹ǲҪˣ⼸̫ˣӲãɲܸȾ纮
ҿҪŷĳӻһɣҲڼʵΣա
Ƴ˵ˡ
ʱĸ˵еʱܰŪܣ𣿡
̫ҽɡ
òѲţ˵س
ӦŮȵĺ
Ὣ뻳·һĴ
Ƴ̬һ
ռУֲ
ʲôʲôĽ׶ֻά˲һ£ȵ·΢΢Իʱֿʼǳָĳʳ
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