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1 
ˬʱڣһ¹жһģ
ڰյ½࣬ƫĹ԰ȴȾŨŨ⣬²޴
үظк߽԰УףŹĹ԰Сϣ¿Ҷ֨졣֪ΪΣĹ԰նҪ֣ûߴߴĽֻżĳ
ӲŽ׺һֱߣͷҹյӱߣľСţ߹һǹľС¥ݾһҰĹ¥¥ǰһƬʪغ
ʪֲ̽ӸߵͲƽʱһĲľ֦
ƽֻһֻʳڲҶפͣҪòץĵһƬ˾ǣʪϾվ˸ָ񣬴ֿ°ֻû֦վֻܲͣĴųͣڿУʪϿնȫռˡ
үΪԼϻۿˣ̲ס۾
ٿȥǰԾһɸɫɵơ
˾ùǣô񲻺Ⱥһ𣬾ȻûзִҲûг֣ȫأ·ڿıʲôһ㡣
ڹ¥ʱͬʱתͷûʲôھڿ
үһţ̲סһʱƺʲôһĲ
ϽץסһԼסΣˤɾҪˡ
Խ˾ԽţүЩǲǳɾˡ
ľžߵĶ

һȺ
ɫĹβ͸߸ҡΣҲŻζүֻоһɨȱߣ˸¡ƺˡ
һУԭͻȻүߴߴŭĿӣ޲˵
ౣ
!
ӴӴ

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ڸǱ˭ɤŴô
˿ɲǰģɡ
ٿǣҪ㷢ˣΪͶû취ˡ
quietlease
үԻؿԾɼԼµȺǾǲ⣬԰ʮˣǵһμ˹Źֹĳ
ȱڿ͵ĹӶţץǰ˷ܵسȺ
澰ȥͶ˵ܻ񽱡
ʱȺзɳһֻƴСһԺڶƵС۾СͣԲԲֵĻѩףëɣһĨɫӺ˫޳β𣬴濴·һֻźɫСһ㡣
ֻСΧҪСһȦޱȿɰүϵɽȸƵıβɽȸԭһֱβɽȸУŸԼĵƷֱ֡ȽϳС
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ոջӵˮ治Ƭ̾Ͱݿš
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û뵽겻ɽͷͱһ԰
԰Ҳ⼸֪ĸ˵ﻹ¹һʪɭֹ԰ȴ൱ǰɽͷǱʮֹʮɽȫĵ̣ںֻʣһС飬ȳ򼸷ӾתһȦ
ǰյЩʵǿϹСҲӰ
ֻɥ˼ͻָ˾Сû˿գǽͳ罫ټߣ׼֪Ժ˭ĵ̣˭ŵĵطҪÿԼϹȻʲôҲ
Ĳ˵˽ǧĵл൱ǿġԽϡʵҲѹƵԸһҰ޿϶ûʲô⡣
ƳԶĹ¥ŵߺ͹ɶߵĻɫӰϣ
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ֻĹû취ϹҲʲôӰ죬ջߣǰϿΡ
ԺҾǵĴ˭ս˭ðҾ˭Ҫսҵģʮ˵ͬʱųѹƣѩ׵ظ߸ͦ𣬷·𱻴һĵζߴ˼֡
վĶһȺûС񣬾ÿǨĺҲûֳ棬һʱȫѻȸҡԴش
Ȼǲ˵ԺҾϴ˵㡣ϲ⣬ʲôⶼԣǵÿϹ㣬ԣʹ㿪ʼɡ
ָһֻͷɫͨտĳβֻ񳤵൱̬ţе߰׺֮С
Լֻкڰɫϲɫ񣬿һ۾Ųˡ
ָԼſ죬ԸȫƥĴɤӽԲʵϣΪɭô˼ҵ˼ʳܴǵʳﶼԼԵĺ񣬻аҪѹܴҮ
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ûз̫Զڹ̨ʳ࣬Щοŵʳ
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2 
ֱ̫ӳˮ沨ԣԭˬĹ԰Ҳ˿⡣
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ţֵʱ򣬸ոջƽߵĻƹͻȻ˷ܵվβͷҡͼȥ
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Ϊһֻõ൱䣬ǰɽͷĶߣѩһ¶ʱͬ鼷һȡůδ̫̣ͬʱǶεûͬʱֻһ˼ң˼ҵķ£͵һ޻ΧԼȡů
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йâ֮Уһž޴ҫ۵ĻŹ̻㣬ȼŻѸٳŹ԰Խǽӽ棬ŻĹâԽ䵽ʱѾȫɺɫҹɫΪһ塣
붨ų±͵۾һ۾ͿѾβ꣬һ񣬸Ͻշȥ
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ɨ췼첻ϸˣ̧ͷۣһ۳վİɫС
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԰ľڶ࣬＾Ҷܶ࣬ã֡
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սýߣֻɫļһƺѾˡ
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԰ֻгںɵװ˼أûУҲ֪ܲܲó˭ɵġ
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վ֦Ƶؽһͻ˹Ե¿󣬴Ǵ´ξǣܻܾãܵȵõ
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űԵͣڿпˮӳɾڣ⻹ͷһ˿Զ
ҪôѰѸ˱·ߵͰ
ζ棡
һۿٶȳͰͳŴֱֱջʳϡ
һ룬Ͱдһʹ
̣ҵͷ


3 
ʱѾᱻʲô̵ˡ
˻˻ϸϸССͷƴȳ򣬳򼸺ӳ˲ӰͰﱻķεöᡣ
ҲֻԻһʹࡣ
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ֻ
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4 
һ
ȻûԵ죬Ż˷ܵػβ͡
һͣԭĹ԰ٴλָ˻ﲻŽҶĻ£ʱһƬˮкͷܹʱĶ
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ԶʪؽֻȺɫƤëĴվʪ֦ϣһضˮ棬ͦɫʹֳͣʱ׼ȥݺҧסʲô
׼ҪԾȥ֮ʱһֻͽСɫĳȺɫС˹˴ߡ
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ɽȸЩϰߣһʳ
ŵϰҪһЩֻҪĶûбԵͻÿϽȥĶڳҸطȥ
ԭȵĵطǳȫҲҪŲط
˲ξЦϰߣԺžԼֻ̫ˣԼ̲סֻܽˡ
غԼıصϡ
û̫꣬ƺ֣û⡣
һԶƽջƽĽ̫ͬЩżңһһ𳳼һ㡣
ŷɿظϵ·ء
԰ǣһƬصرٳĵϸ¾Ѿ׶ΣʱĵոϣĵԾɹھϡ
רΪ׼ʳ԰깫԰ﷱֳԽԽ࣬ʳﲻԻ๥£һЩֲʳԵҲȥ׽ӡ
Ϊ˽⣬԰˸취ֲһЩ˵׻ЩСܴӵͲѡ
ڹ԰Щÿʳ԰ƽնùľΧ𣬲οͿ
ʱƬϿۼ˲ǧֻԿЩֳ飬ұȻڹ԰ԭס񣬶һһģһһģ̳ģȫȸ
ȸ̾һ뵾ȳոŵӡ
ԭסǽ籾ڵʳģһɵˣʳȫռˡȻƽڹ԰ְ쳳ܣ԰ʳʱһ¶ģ˽Թʱ¡
鼸оͽ󲿷񶼸˹Ⱥȳϳȥ
Ǵúܺãȴû뵽ȸССһֻսȻôǿһžøһ̲ͣôֻȸͬʱ죬ǳֱ׳ۣɤźܴ鶼غ˰벽
ȵվڹľϿȺȸɤӵ£ҪǷϻֱϣ
ȸᶼͷϣԷ׷Ӧ
һȺս˲Ļ
ŶߵĶһﾪȣСǸ˴ˣ
̲סӿٶȣȥСܳ
һս
ͫ׵Ѹ˳սԶսġ
ֻƬϷֻڳԷ
ǵĹʽǣʺ


5 
űһ˳˰˰Զ
뵽ģܳȳëľǻʺˡ
ʱԭһƬƵĵ·ܱߵĹľդΧǽȫôֻһͬ涼Ҳ̶ȫʧء
ֲʳԵ񻹺ãζ󣬵ʳԵĶζֱǣš
Ĺ԰ûʲôοͣƫƧһֲ̻Աע⵽ǿѹѹһƬʱڵĹ԰ôۼЩ档
ԽҵĽԽ죬ߵʳ԰ʱûĲ״ܵ˲һɫĺ״Һ罦ϣͷ¸첲
Աʶ첲סֱۣ⿴԰ӼȫʺסˣʺѵӾѸѹڵأɰ׻ƺɵĺ󿴵ͷĿѣ
ԱסϻڻսǣѸٺ뿪ս
ܱ绰ͬ´绰
ʳ԰ߣˣ
ӵ绰ͬ˭οʹˣ
ǣˣرر࣬ʵ̫ˣ
ͬ±Żˣ⹫԰ɫ֮һдǹ԰ҲҪ¡
һߡȸսʵ̫ǿˣ죬԰·磬Ϻ˺һ㣬رϣֱ챻ʺѹ÷ɲˡ
ϲɾϴֺŬѾˣšoh,yfeathersƯëأں࣡
ſΪס
԰ҲսȽǿıҲֱͣӳȥҧ̫ˣҲ岻˼ֻͱûˡ
ȸСٶȿ죬ܸһ԰Ҫ̫࣬ʱǸڹͬʱܴڳһ
ڵӣЦȸˡ
ߴߴߴʤΪӮ˵ǵģ
бҰ
ͷôʵôΪǸе񡣡
ҲȥˣȺȸҲ̫ˣȻôСܣֱӷɻս߸ߵطɵսϿգ׼·ȸǣͷһһ羪ףըÿһֻȸϣ˵ڹȸ˲彩ֱֱͦͦص˵ϣһʺҳ
԰ۼȸ£һ£ȫ̧ԴϿƲӳͻȻԵý׸ߴС
൱صҵСô۸
ͻȻ˵ԼǱǿŵĸо̲ס˷ܵػУֲʺƨһѶѵӿ
ϴ̫ˣǿ񣡡ǰn_ɲߣ߳ڵжսò࣬һֱڹľûôܵϸɸɾġͷQű߽б߿䣬ǹ
ֻͷᶶһ³صĳһ룬ʺͽɸɾİn_ûˡ
һ±Ƶشӵϵ
ϷֻûԼʲôһ̬ΧΧʺƨ
ϴɤᳪĸ質ҲȲ
ëѩƣצ絶ǿΰʹǵİӢۣˣ

ͳ򣬿Ҫȥˡ
Ҳ֪ȺѧĻʵ̫˵ˣ̲ס˼ǿѹĿĵ
ˣΧˣȥһԼɡˡ
Ѹɢ
ֻǸϴʺʱ𶯣Դϳβϵʺ׷ȥûõҶϾͱ˦һʺꡣ
ԱʱѾ뿪ˣֻ԰ĲսкһȺڲкҪȸǡ
⣬ôģȸģ
Żó
ţôʺ
Աϸ˿ϺȫȸҼǵ֮ǰǹ԰ȸˣôھʣȸǵأ
һЦȤӦǹ԰ȸſ˰ɣҸոտǷɻˡ
ҲһֻûɣԱ
ǸϹ԰˻ȰȸȳˣǱѥͿְɣһСǼȥأ﷢ʲô¡
˷׷ж췼ȥùߣ˸ȥ˼ҡ
ʳ԰һбŵļأĵûǾͿˣԭΪˣȸ̫񣬹԰ǺأĦʼ๥ȸͻȻȴǾޱȹ졣
ŵʱɵøߣزûĵֻͣһУȸ彩ֱȥֱзһ
ô£бļô
ļֻĵǽ䣬ܿõţһȦһȺҲû־ʲôԭȸͻȻ׹䡣
һСǵжɡ
ܣ԰񶼳ԶҲûµģ϶ԭ򡣡ͬԴһ¡
ⲻ²Ѳֹˣ
ɱɣʲôģô˵Ǵų⡣
԰üˣȸô䣬žȴһ£ɾˮˡ
ȸʱȷʵͦᣬȸ͵ʳҲԻԺ棬Ϊֲһ
ʳ԰ȸţץͰ缦һżһ³ȴɲ
ȸ϶ûʲôˣֻĺû
ȸ̫ˣмֻʮԱȫСһʺŪϴ䡣
ϴɾȸůＯɣůЩһ޹ֿؿ棬·ǰƵĲһ
һ߱һҲʪرߣˮֱ˽ȥʱˮ˽һƤڴԲӹ˽ȥǰ峺ˮܿû
ˮЩƴֱȫ࣬ſʼ˦Դ˦βͣһմˮҶϲ͸ɾˡ
ϾûзˮҲϸܣײܱ͸ֻ棬涼ɾš
ʱʱ仹磬үÿղش˹ÿˮΧһȦϴӡ
û⵽ʲôرʼץġ
ռһε긾ˣҲһ˹԰ñү磬ˮǻֻǻûЩʲôͱԴϷɹһõĵطҲһȦȫռݣ̲סҲرȺûʲôľٶ
֮Ⱥû뿪˷ܹ󶼿ǵʵ⡣
ûˣһûдʳ
ҲǣżʳЩԡӲŸջᲶԣҲûʳ
ô죬ѵȥ͵һû¡
ҿö˼èèèÿŶء
ѣ˵Ĺ㳡ϵĸÿ춼ιʵڲǾȥİɣô
вУҴӳ⣬ҵļҲ⣬Ҳ뿪ġ
٣һЩʳҲʱתΪֲʳԣҶӹʳ԰ĵӽ벻ָ࣬ǿܰ죬ʵڲй԰ĹԱҲӼһЩʳڵ湩á
굾ӱȸƻ磬һЩºѳŵõӼõʱ
ۼǳƲҵֶžʱչԼ쵼ˡ
ͦԼҲţ߸߰ͷһһصڣʲô
лҪ˵ſɿjg


6 
ϴչˣһȺͻȻģٶδվϻͬëطɻԼָһԪ
Ҳмֻڵ˹԰Աǰ칫ĵطڴ⻢س濴ȥ
ȺձɵȸǶ棬԰ȸ⣬Ժǵӻѡ
ҵǼֻ𴣬Ƶ࣬ͨɫצ죬βͼ̣֪ĻΪѻʵֻǳ΢ƶѣԵСɤϣ൱ᷢٵ֨֨ģ츳ģ¶Ľ
ǶŴڵȸǣŬŹԱľ
ʵЩȸô죬ֱӷųȥǻ᲻ڹ԰ˣôףԺ²̫á
˵԰Ϸ񡣡
ö໰˼̲סһǵȸߴߴ
ҲȸǷֳر죬۹԰ɴĽȸ԰ˡ
ⲻɽôȸȥɽˣҪôȥģԭж켣ӦҪȥ
ǻȥɽɡ
ôöˣȸͽɽ
תԴŲɿڵ汼ۻɭ֣ܱ߽УûǾյϢȺȸҪˡ
عɽھ빫԰ʮĵطԶҲҲһ㣬ȸһʱԷɲ
ԱĶܿ죬ûþһС˹ȸǱװһں棬Ѿָ˾ȸǽӴĿųҪϸߣһǹڳϣȸҲɲȥ
԰ǵõϢ׷״ɳϲԽػһվ֦ͷȸǸЦ
бٳҰ
͵СϽ
ٸһ޶ǵëǵ
ȸҪҲţϴ£ֻܰϣûóͻһɢŨζ塣
ܿ쿪ߣǿļˣȵڿзſԼĳ˦˳β
Ƿ׷͵ץµ֦ҶҡΪƣ֦Ҷ죬йԱɻؿ˿졣
Ҳûз簡
ֻǴһȺȸô˷ܣſ̲סҡͷЩ
ȺûСܡ
꣬ͣظңΪӶ
˼ô졣
ﲻǹȥɽﲻôҵԳԵʳƬ԰ô浽ĺۼԭȵ·ȫˮʯ壬ʳѻĲֿŵĴص㶼ǧ֮࣬رǱеĵطѻʳ͸ˡ
ʵڲоȥȡһ㡣
ҲܳԵõôʳȡһҲᱻ֡㱻ôһ㶼¡
ֻ˲ξһֱҪӴ࣬ûʲô³
μģΪ˲ξ֣֮ɾʵҲǿΣֻܶصףЩֽ̰թ˩ȺͲӣӲǽ˳
Ŷڸ߸ߵȥҲ˲ξı
ʵǿ֮౨ȻȺѾֻʣˡ
Ȼǲٺֻ࣬ǲ򲻵ѣǲԸǡ
תӱߣүڹ¥ϲ鿴ĵƬҵõزģ൱á
ڹſűߣʱʱ̧ͷһǵͻȻ뿪һ
ںӱǻߺֿӱ߿˿峺ˮһƬǣûгȥʺ͹Ʈˮ棬ȥЩġ
ק½ǣüתһȦֻε̾뿪˹԰
үʵҲ⵽ںӱǻˣһˣүһ۾ܿʲô£Щ벻
ǰ䣬־ЩðȻֻйעţҪȵȫ뿪԰Żؼҡ
Ʋ΢ɢһЩ̫ĵ¹һ¶ȶûС
үƵ¥ݡ
ǰ쿪ʼ;ԼƺһЩǰһҪȣûйҲߵúȣȥҽԺ飬Ѫѹ˲٣ܱȥ˵ܿˮƽҽã׷ʲô
ү̲ס¶ЦŹ԰µĿϳľ
һû꣬һˤͷȥֻǰ沼һĺۼۼš
췼ͼϰһƽʱѾ°ˡ
үͣ½ŲʵСæأôˣʪǱ߿öˮϴ裬Ǵˣ
꣬ϰҲ˽һЩ
췼ͷǰȺȸȥʳ͸԰ˣǱأǣ½ŵĵضûôɨҪһ㣬ȫˡϻˮ壬æ綼ûʱؼҽӺӣỹҪ١
ǹġ
췼˵ؼɨͷҲû̧صүȥʱСĵ㣬ˮе㻬
֪ˡ
ƹүСĵرܿʺĵط±ɾҲߡ
ŷɵʳ԰ǱߣʱмȫװĹԱǸñӿ֣һ㳤ף²ѥ
˱ߺšѽһ̫ˣֻ϶˲⡣
ñףʲôŲ
һ߶ó
ң̫󣬽۾ˣҳ壡˵ų嵽԰⣬ֱˮܶȥ
Ҳվżˣһƺǹ԰Ӫֻʳ԰㣬Ҳڴɨļ˸˽ȥ
˷ܵضߵ˵·˵ܻҳƹһȶȾˡʱǹ԰ûô
ⲻȥ԰˵˵۲
˵
˵
Ž뿪
ԶԶһᣬкܶʶãȻöȴʲô˼
귢չʵ̫ˣÿ඼һֻĶ۲һ󣬸оⶫĹܶȷˡ
ûзɳȥֻ֪ŵӦһ£Լƺûеڶִֻڡ
ϳԼбôãȻǰҲûٽ飬ôȥ䣬ŵĹƾ͸ˡ
ĳһԾա
԰ڵλƫƧʩҲӦоУסլСѧУ̳˽ҳŽֵ
ĵʱ׶԰ѧӿǣֻųӽӻؼҡ
˵Ŵ߽˳ֱ̯ľڴ򾭹ˡ
˵ﳳֻӵ
ӹ԰ֱһһ¥µĸɭ֣һʳӣһиͺܿȥѡ
ŴɢĻζһζǿңôһζѬ۾
ͻȻеޱȵĴռˣǼζãִֺóԡ
һ죬Żûɵľ͹Ϸˡ
֪ĴûñԵ׼


7 
Żص԰ʱ컹ţϦ綼Ⱦ˳γĽɫ
ֱµأڳĿϡ
ûаǿܸܵ洫¶ȣһϿӰ⸽˵ǳʪģȴǳ
һ¶ž֪ȥļûЩź̾ڽµģŵζ
ζ׳嵭ɽʱŵĲζ
ˮٴηڳӴһ̧ͷۣܿޱȾ׼ؿԶĳƬҶ¾һֻ˶棬ָ
Ѿܶ겻ֳˣʵ̫͵سǰһӾͽӵ˻
ζ˽ǿǿȥ
һֻ޷⼢ҲٳԳˣצǿ¶һĺڼ
õζ˲䳯Ϸվڿӱߵ׵رζ
յ˿оҪζˡ
ڼϣؿֻ֪ʲôʱܽӵζԭȫ֮еĺڼڿҲüĿ
ڼرŹ֣ûҲһֱûѡ
Դϱһᣬڼûиκһ㷴Ӧ
ˣôóԵķϣҿһ°ɡţˮԾεڼϣˮûë˽ȥ
ûзϸڣצںڼϣת塣
ûзӦ͸ڼʱ״̬һʯ󺣣ûмһ˻
ЩȣȻŲãѾ˺ܶܶ꣬ſֻԼǷǳŵġ
ôܣ
еڶγԣӴ֮á
ڼһ㷴Ӧһë˻ΣȻûȻˡ
ЩʲôʱʵҲôǿˣѵֻǼ
Դ˻ΣצԴ죬һֻԹ϶ϴ
ϧ꣬ܶණҲ֪ôźá
ؿվڼϵͷ塣
ܳζ˰ɡ
С쾫׼ĵϵëûһ㲦ëЩëҲմȾ˵ζ
̫̫óˡ
һûעĵһëëǺСһ
ëë˲䣬ԭһļ̲סһ¡
ŵעȫëëϣôͻȻëëҲرóԵӡ
ҰҰ죬ëëֱӱ˽ȥ̫СˣûƷʲôζһû³ƺȥˡ
ôһоˣƤůůģǺ˿ˮûôȣһжǡôĸоոǿҵļҲ֪ظʧˡ
ŵͷ˿ԼĶƤǰëë̫ɵסߣŬԴŤһ¶Ƥϵëë
оʵ̫ˣŲ֪ôݲźá
嶼ݽˮһůƮˡ
ŵëſɫëгԲȣ޳βζԴɵƽյͬǵģһ
ౣٺ١
оǷʵûУºë޵İ˿ſںڼë˯˹ȥ
˯ԭһֱûзӦĺڼŲһ³򣬵屻ΧΧΨһܶĳ򻹱һѹţһˡ
ĺڼ۾ģ￴һɫӰӣⶫѹţż⻹ζžһϡ
ڼһŷԭβͣ콫β͸Ųһ㣬һѩѩ׵ëƨɡ
ԭһֻС
С֪ǻ˻˯ˣ⶯Ҳû
ٿΧڼԼһǳǳһ˶ˣСԼһܺߡ
ôźڼۼһͣԴû̧ٴεȥոѵʶҲڰС
һ˯춼ˣȻſ˯һҹ˵ͦůͦԼëﶼҪڼĳůƤǾ͸ˬˡ
žֻʵãֺóֺá
ʼ˼ϽĿԡ
βɽȸѸһѲ̫һѰİԲΣ൱Ļƿ״ǴСһƤ̦޺ëϣּ͵˿ཫвϻһ𣬴õʡ
ûʲôöѵë˿еģ˿Ǵһֻ֩뾫ģһ˿ҪԳǿԭ֩ǽģѺ籩Ҳ͸ˮɢһķ
ûһֻ̫˵㡣
ͷ˿ԼѣѵߴҶï֦辺ܶ࣬ץżĲӽൽԱߵ֦ѾϣֻҪԼһԴһë
ֻôëŨܣˣһһҲܳϸһ꣬һµëֳȫõĻᱻ޶ͺɾܻܾã˵һӵĿóˡ
ѵҵԼθڵʳʳﻹȡ֮֮ߣϻôõô
ͻȻʼ˲ξ˵ĻˣѵԼĻԵ
ңԶ룬ǰʳ
ԽڼԽ˳ۣë⻬ɫҫ
ͽڼëһ飬ⶼԼʳڲ̫΢ֵһЩζϮޱãĶ͸ˡ
ڼһʱ΢ָЩʶ޷Ҳ޷ȴܸܵõϴ
ʲôڰëСģƺŨŨϧζ
ھ˭ôڼĪЩƴҪ۾Ŭһûֵܵסٴ˯˹ȥ
ԴӿںڼѵĶƤϣؿſһᡣ
ԺҪ˯һܳԵˡ
ܵһᣬҲû̫þˡһëı͸ԾڣſڼһڣûϵĿӸƽڸԶĵ˸ӣٴνڼ˽ȥ
Ȼûߵġ
طȻƫƧ׼Ҳ˹һֻܻܿᱻ͵ߡ
ڶֻš
ﶼ˵ռ䣬ȻҲУǿռ൱СֻСֻͲˣҲЯ
צĿ·ĶڼҵһԹԴһ
ڼ˯Ų³Ҳ˶ֽŲĳ˻˯˹ȥ
仰ƺܾúܾǰһ


8 
Ź԰һȦרעض·æµŵޡ
Ҳÿ֮һ԰ŵĵطƬеһУǻﻹﶼΡ
ȷСǵ
¹ʪع԰ռԼǧ꣬ſСʵģԲС԰ھռʪغΧвͬƷֵľ԰߻ֻм׸߽ǧ׳СɽɽϷܲǾɫʱ򡣵ǸԶʪؾɫһţ۾ѡɽ䲻ߣҲҪСʱ
԰ƽնȡշƶȣƱʮѧͳ񿨵ľۣ˽԰ȫ⡣Ʊ׬Ǯֻǿ԰ճάԱĹʣٶӯûˡ
ÿ׬ǮʱǴٰĻڣҲʱ
ʱԱѾʳ԰˴룬ȫˮܶ׼ΧĹľǽڳˮмָһȫĺӪ
ʵȴͿˣλһ֣죬¶Ҳܽӣݵ»һӹá⼸깫԰ԽԽ࣬ʳϣΪʳȱ԰Ҳǳӣʳ԰ҲΪŽġ
ЩӺͳӳԳԵĳ̶ȻҪ¡
ţϣڴѩǰǳԵ졣
ŹԱ԰֮Ĺ滮̲ס˵ͷЩ˶ɢζҲţҲԸ⽫ԼСԭ֮һ
ȸĻһʳԴ˯ڷʳֺҲ׷ڴƨɺгˣԶˮ߲ԡ
Ŵ߾ʱҲֻǽһкͼæµˡЩרע׽кĹûС
үûһվڹ¥ϾȥǰزĻ۵㹻ˣһֱڼѡƬһõȥͶ־ϹҲֻϰԵسתת
ûǶ˸ӣӿųģҲ֪װЩʲô
վ·һ֦ϹܣûעүߵԼԶĵطվסˣͷƺڿԼƹЩȱתתȥţŬԼǰ
ſ˻ƹһۺүߣȷʵڿԼŲһЦݣǵ۾Ҳųʱ¶ɢϢ
½ܣүһվһᣬԴֲּ仺Ĵӣ򿪴ӣһСӣӲƴ͸ĺɫ
ضӴ򿪣Ķȫ˵ϣȻ˵˼֮ٴڴؿ
ŷĶȻȫǳӣɫĳڵһһ䶯ǳ󶣬Ҳһֺ棬رǴΪԾ
԰ֳӶ챻Ծˣһ㶼ûΣҵһֵû
ֿүͶι
û뵽һҲᱻͶι
ŶЩԥҪҪȥζ֮ʳûʲôʳ໹ڴؿһαͶιоͦġ
ҪµصʱһֻϤĻӰ˹з
Ӱǳ󵨵վһԵүֱϵĳȥΪ̫켱ɲͷطȥ
ո䣬һֻӡ
ֻϴӵֻаn_иŽŷ񣬸ȸһǳӣţ֩۷䵽Ӭֲӣ졣
ץסӺûȥһ̧ͷͿϷš
Դתһ󣬹򣬲һѵطɵ֦ϣŲŲߡ
n_Դǰѳιš
Ѿǧ꣬ôܻһԼСιʳŲһֱӶ㿪˳ӡ
n_룬ͷĳӷűߵ֦ϣһηһּһ
ûº䶯ܡ
û
ۼӿˣn_Щֵסٴű߷ȥ
ҡҡͷллԼ԰ɣҲá
n_ȷĳӵллϴ󡣡
ŵص档үĳӲ٣мѾ굽Ҷˡn_ǿҶ׾ٵؽʣµĳȫŰરٴԶˡ
ƹߵʱ򣬻۵شﴩ˹ȥ
ƹίأ˵ȳԶȥİn_
үѾǰһĻˡֻβɽȸŸճֵģһıβɽȸǳȺӻֻεֻܵɽȸʲô⣬û뵽Ѹ˹԰ȺиǴһƬָһЩǰȥ쾹һֻͶι
ʶǰҪգɽžûڵض½ţŲߣôվԭһֱn_뿪תߡ
ιԼʲôæ˸ߴҶסԼ
үಱӣŴӳȥ
װĲг󶻹бĳӣ󲿷ֳӶţֱӷſӵӿƻүСĵѰͣĵط
⹫԰öˣΪһˣҲǹˣÿһָֻơ
Ͷιӵһ¾ͻһΣǴӱͬģʡ
һŴӳ֣Ǿ֪ҪʲôˣǰѰʳ
಻ɣߴһ̬ʹ֦Ѿϻֱϣкһһ죬˷
е˼֪ע⡣

ңŸռġ
мֻȲѾү˹ȥͷתȦ
Ǵ⼸ֱֻӳȥġǲƽףϽ
ϴξͳ˺ܶ࣬θֵˡ
үÿδʳޣ԰ôÿһֻܳԵõͶι࣬Ǹһ˭˭ܱһ٣һξͲȥˣûűȽϹƽ
󵨵Ҳ٣ŲʲôأܳԵı£б¾ͳȥ㹫ƽһףȻ籾ûʲôƽ
ʱүͷľһֻž顣
վǿǴ
ž飬̫ˣñˣÿζԵ࣬ⶼʮһˣϽ뿪
ǣߣǲӭ㣡
žҪΪĺʱĳͣڵطֳ԰ֻǰҲ񣬵˵
ž鲻ӪҲԼӣÿζڱУһּ񣬵󣬻һʱ佫еƳɱǲԼֵܽáад˹
žͿ˻Ҳ͵ĳĳȻҲע⵽ʱĺѾȫˣŭֱҧ˶ž
׺ݣ𿴳ýСɰʵС֮ƣɱҲʳϡ
֪Ҳ׺ݣƽնž鶼ԶԶأײһ𣬻Ҳͱһֱϴת
ҪƣҲɤӶԶž鷢вѡҪôҪô
лҪ˵˿ʱ䣬أӸһ


9 
û뵽ԭһ򵥵ʳжȻֻԼܡ
񶼴סˡ
Ǿֻ߶žѣûҪɱǰžҲֱߵģͷһԽ
׶ڱ츹ıβСȰҲ侲һ㡣
βͬͽСԸľȰ˵Ҳ󣬺ܿûС
Щرȥ
ȵҲ˺СǲҪ
žɵҲЩԶһ֦ͷϣĵرҲͣҳϲС˺ĺӣҵǸⶫҲûƣ㲻ԲԶ̵סôⲻܹҰɣҲҵļңߺûе
ҲͶıȫΪ˵ˣž鶷죬ȶԷ˵ֱӳ˹ȥ
үѾϰÿιʳһΧĳ棬ûע⵽ϷڽһսĴӷڵϣ򿪸ӣûнӵǷɢطſϺΧ֦ϡ
źúֺǺǵк˵԰ɣʹôǱ
˵̧ͷңž㵵طֻ֮ԾڴΪž鲢ڻҲ͵ʳϡ
үһᣬҲܲöͼȰܡСͣˣصظ׼ģԵɡ
Ӵ򿪣вٺܷ˶Ļȳ棬ȳ汻˩ϵһ𣬺ӴҲɲȥ
ະԼѾסžĻҲͶ΢΢ͣһ¡
𿴶žʹ󣬻治ǱԼСŵĲͶ֣ƴȶųҪܣȴֻǽԼԷȥ֡
޿޿ޣɱžƽղȲȵĽʱҲ˵ڡ
үֹ۵ذӴӴš
ôãǱˡŬ֣ȥǿôͣŬҲֻҶ΢΢˻ΣȫûӰ쵽
εҿһ·Сȥȡ
ҧŶžĶǳƺżɱȥԶ
n_һݳ֮󣬻ؽʣµش˼ҸżԣڵܳҳԵģĿȷֱүΪԵģȵʱܼܲ©
û뵽ûþͿװֳŵþȾܡ
ܳһЩ֮ɤӺšϴϴģˣɱˣ
ʵͿⳡִȴûֹȻԼСܣӦڵģٲ¡
žϰעǵ·񣬲ܸı䣬Ҳ񱨸ҲӦԵͷ
n_һȦҵţվĴųæצҵǱߵľճȥȰ˵һ¡
ŲͷһǱߵĶ͵һ壬ܿ˰n_ߣ͵סĲͽûþ͵ֳ
žʱѾһϢˣûѪڵΣһëȫ޶¶ǵ˿ڣ߳ʱˡ
ز̫ҽлСѾˣֻмֻȥҧסүڷŵʳȴҲûԭͣסѸ뿪ط
˭ûүصظҲ׼һݡ
һЩȰȰסֻ֦ϸżҶεû졣
ƹûүߣⲽʱʱһһͬˡ
ֱӷɵ˶žߣŻҲͽһ
ౣˣˣȥԶ
ҲͿֿž飬ԼĨɾϵѪתͷȥ
ҧǴȳɵһش̵Ĺľϣȳڹľϣһһµ˺Ľ֫βȵȳķ˹ؿʼʳ
ÿǳӶȻһкܶѪ
žص֦ϣҲСȥ΢΢۾ߵţί
ųһ˿ڸסѪ
˯һûˡŵ˵žͰĵر۾
ֻöžȶסûԭκҲ̫ء
үѾˣһĻܿƵĹԱ
רչԺﶯģԴƺһף˹ʱﻹҩһרʢСӡ
ƺأֹѪһŽŽ֦ѾϵĶžС
죬ҩ˰ڵŶžˣ˿ڲλѾѪˣžһ˯Ŷˡ
ֻˣȰȥһʱ䳤˾ͺˣҿûô˵ͷ
һ̧ͷү֪ôô
үЩΣܾΪԼιŵǴҵĴҲιġʱҲͻȻֻž飬Ϊʳ
ϼֻԷŲΪʳ
ϧ˶
һԱοҲûоιιҲǾͬģ˵˹ͷ֪Ӿͺˡ˳û뿪ˡ
ʮ¶Ҫȥˣʱ߲ˣžҪԽˡ
Χ۵ЩɵۣǰŸ϶žߣڶžֱˡ
Ҳͳȳû뿪ϳ滢񣬴ٳȥֱӽžҧơ
ǳ̶ȿѻˡ
ߣһͷ
ˣְͣɡ
ҲͲĵ
ѾˣĺҲɱˣûҪϾɱ
Ҳű죬óһ£Ѹ뿪
ó°ͣǲǻҲͽ˾ϴǳôͦġ
ĶžҲԱˣ˿ҪйעŲܸȾŧ˳˲ܷų
үӣüͷһӡ
˭û뵽ᷢ⣬ΪһˣΪԼԭǾԻκܾ޷ͻ
ҵĴңҪûιͺˡţһεس԰ȥ
ſɢѹζһ³ȥǰ
үһֻ·̲ססŲüͷҲչ¾һ
䵽ϣү΢΢ͷ嶼סˣ⻹ͷһô׽˶Ǳһǧһһ˷ܴĵӿȫ˸ոյѹ
űʲôû뵽Լʲôûζͱˣɻͷ˲ȡ
ɢζϲˣƬ̣һĪҡҡͷˡ
ֵ


10 
ʪع԰һԱҪ԰ĻӪȷ档
Ȼʪع԰¹ܱߵĳжͦʡʱԾвλ껹»ơ
԰ֲﶯмֵﲻ˵ûû˵⹫԰͹رˡ
˵԰ڸտ԰֮Ʊһȸߵ˰ʮ»һ·ڵʮʮҲʽֻнڼ΢˵㣬ƽ壬һ繫԰㳡㳡Ĵ࣬Ը˵ҲʣƱȫǡ
԰쵼ŸƱ۵£ʮʮ壬һνʮ壬ҲζţڲԱ£˵ĹʶҪ
¹вʲôУǸСǣ˾ʲǧ壬Ʊʮ壬ԱĹʵý١
ǧǿһ¿ǧͷǳˣο󲿷˶мҵģкҪҪǧʵ֧ţµʱһְ
ǴӲķи̸һŮѣûн飬԰ǸߵģǧҲԼỨãǮ򷿾͸ˡ
Ϣ֮ͳͺͷÿѴѵͷ϶ð˲١
ûҪִУ԰ͻȻ󣬲пܸı״
ΪһӪƸĿҲֻӪѲ࣬ҲͶ棬ɸΪ֮
Եȸ¼ʱǸûᡣ
ûĵ·ʱľֻºͬʳ԰Ĺ̺չȸŷȸĹ̡һһҹĽزĽ˼
һȦյͬߣֳ˼Ƭӷϡ
쿴вУҷֳĲ֣ȷȸͻȻ׹Ըɵ㡣ǣȺսȸͻȻ׹Ϊİ㣿ôһڴؿͬ£ϴ԰ҪûҪ˵ҪƷЩֵǮҪô
һָȻ
ͬбۿָһ򣿡
˵ʮ򣡡
ҾΡ
ʱйʮ򻹶ô˹һóǧ㿴ĳĳɽĳĳ
ǶǶӪϾˣ5aأȻǸa԰ӶҪΣ˼ι滮⣬㿴۹԰ĵڶתְȥˣš
¹бˣԱ粵ʵ⾰һ㶼ö澰ûУһݡ֮ûԭ򣬸ûϵ˵ͨķֹܹ԰ôû滮á
˵Ҳûãҿ԰ҰҪǵǼٶһ춼أܳɹҲͲýˡ
̾˿һ¡ûУô
ԣͦ˼ģһȷűѧĸǶ˿аʮұһ£ܲ˸һ£˼۸˵㣬ȱҳȶˣ԰ɹ϶ԸͶǮӪˡ
ҲУҲȥ˰æ
ǰ԰ٷҲڶ˺ŷ԰ճϧڷ˿ǧעĻΧˣ¹԰ںֲ϶صעЧҲ
Ƶ˸ƽ̨ϣΧֻվվæµطָϽȦӣǰæһ£ֱġ
ͬҲܿϵʽԷҪƵֻһǧ
ǹ԰ȥһΣͦ⼸Ƶҿˣú϶ȶȡǻһ£˿ô
쵼һ£Ҳн۵Ĵ㣬ƽҲʱܿͨˣֻʱƣ֮Ч
˫Эܿ췢¶̬תǵƵз˿Ȼǲһ԰ƵƽյûйƵһСʱ˲Ҳڷǡ
Ƶ治ôôй԰ˮ԰һԿʳȸֱ񶯻Ƭڡ
ԭȸôס
ǸζƵȫűӿꡣչȸͻȻΪһУȻ̫ǰһرУȸ˹ֳİɣоص
ȸ˹ҲԣǷģĺܹ죬Ϊʲôôǹ԰ôû¡
עˣȸûСǹ԰ַģȥ
廨ŵֱˢ԰ٷ˺ŵķ˿Ҳͷһαôѯʣſڱֻ৵ذظѸٽһȸƵȥ
ȶȣ˵ƹš
ǾͲýˣпܸǹʡ
̵ɵ֡
԰ճѲӣȻͷʺһȹɽţ˲Ϣ䣬ɺͣ¿һᡣ
ſڻظԺʱѾͦˣ˳緹ʱ䣬ϽȥԷû뵽̫ǰڲ赹ֽǽһᣬŲԼλϴӳһɿһ
еѪǣɿڿлִһƿֺڣһش˸á
˳ֽӷߡ
ſű򿪵Ŀֻ֣һһŵ˳ƿըѿĻйˬζ
ڵʳ̫Ź֣ȫˣⶫɫҩˮ
Ʋסģ൱󵨵ֱ˳Ŵӷɵϡ
ͷϵļʰ֮ͳţû͸Ŷ۾ƴСͷһ㶼ˡ
һֻ˶ҪڻˣзСɽȸôɽˣǲ·ˣ
׾ӵĿڼݣҲûлӦ˼ǰ˿ֹϣͷԴ쵽˿ϡ
սţǹζŨˣƿײѣѿݴϸ΢ˮĴ罦ըײһ׳ֵ
ⶫܺȣβһᣬԴȥ˳
˲ģϽ⿪ֻ¼׼ţʱһһ
ֻһھ˳ըˣͷĸоϸ΢һ
ҲǱĸо
󲿷ǳζģҲһǰָܶоȴˡ
ྐྵȻϲôĶ
ӹ˻ͷĵǿɢζĺɫɿһҪһζһ룬ֵζӿǻ
˳̧Դһֲ˼־ηǰ
ֶҲܳԵȥôͻȻе
㣬ŲŲһȦֻСɽȸÿһëÿһĵһ
ʵ̫ɰˡ
ǰֻЦ̲סһëϽɳȥ
һźعص¼
ոĵС񣬽زԶʲôٸʮСʱƵ
һֶŴӰ칫ҳһ̲ͣػصǿµĿӾֱ˽ȥ
ſڼ˿ڸоԼֻ˹
µ磬Ψмܴһ˿ůˡ
Ҳű̬һſڼʹʱԭһֱ˯ŵļشӳ˯˹
һ̧۾͸һ˫һĺɫӶߡ
ԼٳԷ͵̧һѸϡ


11 
û뵽ԼʳﾹȻʱѹˣԴסһ֪ʲô
ֱµԴһεŲ
㣬ˣϲϲɰͰ͵ص
˵ôػѹżȿЩѹˮ۾˳
˸ͬ޵ͬȻܺãʳˣԺëûó˾ͺѹˡ
ſޱȱˡ
϶һ£ŲŷԼ˼ſţﻹǸӡ
ظϽҧĲӽ
ᣬǹ԰㱻˵ӵŰġ
һֱ۶ؿţû˵ҲûбĶ֪ûôġ
һֱɢζʧˣȻս˻ŵһЩ
˿ĳһЩ
Ҳʣζһˡ
վô
һ£ϸڵϵţųҲûվЩȻشͷ
ۼʧ侹ЩĵȰοٻָͺˡ
ſ쳯һ֣Щ
£ѵҰ
̫ˣ֮صϣţû뵽ֹ˿
ͷȥͼǳԾڿ˯ˡ
ԴתתΧҲûбڣóһֱſڲҶϿĳӣٴؿû˿ԥ췭ëëСںԴĵһëë
֮ҲûóԣԼСռһкؿûѡ
ŷٴγ죬λ˸طĳ˳򣬽ƨұƨɣȡ
ʱͻʮë
ʼָˣ׺Ҫ޶һë»ѣڻлᣬöڵʳ
һ޶̫౻Ѽϵëëȫ޶ͺ
ʡŵô๻ˣʱҲʮ·ˣʱʳѣٶµʳȵ
һ㶼ûԼʵóԶģһڼǰٶ޶㡣
ˣ˵ɳչһ޶ˡ
¶Ȳ仯ϸ˼֣رǰ伸͵ʮ¡
ſֲ֪ʱ۹Ʋ㣬ſбջҪճˮȷҹꡣ
źһ·ûѣֱ˿Ĵĳ£Űĵر۾
죬ﻹҪҪֻܰϻţˬз
ҪѸһ£ô˳ߡ
һֻСëŶԼ»㶣Ҳû˸ƣø˵㡣
ֻ˯˹ȥ
ҹȻ˴꣬žôҶˮ棬һҹֱʱֲͣ¡
԰Ҫúɨһ·ϵĻˮҶʱ̤ú࣬Ӱ԰
췼͹æµˣĶû·Ҳеˣһֱͷɢע⵽˲࣬ҲûСС仯
үܶ䶼׼ʱôȴ԰һλˣ֮ǰһλˣλʪرǻõŮˡ
컹ûѾˣʱ껹¡ûдɡҲûһžµС·ѹۣе࣬ͷԺ󣬱ʪȫϣЩǱ
ү黹ǰѡļƬǿˣ˵ĵĺܺ񽱣ѾƬͶݳȥˡ
һ˯ţҲס顣
ССҪ¥ȥͻȻԶһһʯͷͻȻˮ͵תͷȥֻһ˫ʧˮ档
˵ȥˣ
үͫ͵һ˲࣬߳ӱܱ߱ȡ²ϵ
˰ˮˣүһɤӣɤЩƣûдȥԶǽ׽沶˹ǺһƬ
Էȥ̫죬ҲûĺۼүȷȥľλãֻƾոһƳ˸ĵطϽȥû˿ԥ
¹ˮʵ̫ˣүһˮ̲סɪһ£ص˸ףմˮԭůǦһء
ү˿ɴ˦ףӿٶȳǰȥ
ʪˮʵһ΢ߴĳȥܻ©ͷҹһҹ꣬ʪصײ࣬һȥƾ͵ƬˮһҪΣյĶࡣ
үû˼ȥЩ߽ǰֲͣˮһֱۡ
ץˡ
үϽŶԷקµȴʼƺԸȥ
֮үҲЩάƽ⣬ˮȥ
ƹڰȥżѡ
n_ʳΧọ̈̄һ·һߴΧȫˡ
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ϰǰn_һʼȣܵڴɨ췼ߣǾˮࡣ
췼ͷŵ棬ԼҲûôүһȡ
ƹΣһһǰ壬ͣţﶼ޵
Ҳˣλů壬ԼϵĳůʣԴצӣһ㶼
Ӻڼ˲䱻缤ô˸£ϵë˻ƹȵĺ
ֱӷȥˮߡ
үѾûˣһֱ´Ǻ˺üˮ඼ñޱȡ
Ŵĺף˲佫ֻû
үûкˮˣֻǾЩź֪ȥǼƬܻܲ񽱣޶Ůֻϣܽո
ָԾɽӲץһˣүͣźˮԽԽܡ
ҲڴʱͻȻһ͵ץסһ񱻵ץסһ˲ˮ棬űץסҲ
û˾ͱŵ·ߡ
ſűԼˣȻˣϵϢŲܺܿҪ
үϣվڵɴһһһģϸβŻȥү³һˮ編Ƶһϣû˾һ̲ˮ
¹ˮ˲ûƹ֮Ѿ˻ͷȥүͣԴͷͼ
ڹ԰ʱӼпˮﳵ120
ż״ƨɷɻ˿û·
£޶ëҪúڼûѸϽ޶㡣


12 
Ȼúܿ죬λ˱һͬȥҽԺ԰һԱһǰ
԰ΪϢ˲԰·ûþʹæ˹ϲȵĻЬ
˵һʱ䷢Σյֵౣ˵ǹ԰¾ͲƱʮôˣͣҵһ¶пܡ
ãûʲô£˭ǵļôøϽ֪ͨˡ
ү⼸꼸һ첻԰ĹԱˣҲ֪Щ¡
ڹ԰ֻһӣӴѧձҵҹ·ȥˣүӱ˹һֱã߰ǰҲ徣ֻʣүһһƹ
ǰÿүŻƹһ˵ϸ»ƹҲˡ
үݲ࣬أҲУһʱ粻ϡ
һʶôǲסڸģ
˷׷ҡͷŮճֵģҲүһÿֻȥʪԱתƣӲȥĵطĺ磬ˣҲ˽췼żɨʱȥкԷҲֻתߣһ仰϶˵
ջڹ԰ſڵŸڱͻȻ˽԰ôõƱһʱҪˢ֤ϵͳӦÿԲ鵽
æһҵ˵ʱļ¼ˮŮۻۣرȿȥҪֻүСӣ֮԰ɳͨɳۻ۵ŮͶӡ
ֻǵͨ绰֮ǱߵĶĸɱȻЩϲӣһ˵ûҽԺʱ˺üȣæѹæ߲ϣܶչˣϾڹ԰¡
ۻ۵ŮҲʡģ̬ȸĮصǾͲ׷ǹ԰ĸˣסԺѺҽҩҪ𡣡ûҽԺģҲû̽Ĵ㡣
԰òಡָֻҪˡ
Ҷϵ绰ؿڴһû׷ڹ԰ɱǴĶӰ죬Ȼ˵׷ǵΣôûеˣ裬ôҪĶŮˡ
ıοûغǺ¡
԰ͨ绰¶ЦոҽԺϢˣ˵ѾѹΪȼʱֻǺ˵ˮûʲô¡ʹˣܻðҪҽԺ۲һ¡
԰ɫԻҲҽҩѵģܿ컰һתȻͷĸõ滹Ҫ棬ڹȥһҲףҪסܾٸ
˸ıϤˣҲͬܰͰ
λסͬһĹԱһֱԱţүѾѹˣͷһϵۻ۴߶߶ȰοҪúûţҪ벻֮ģڴ˽ۣһ仰˵
±ҲԾĴ־Ҳлỹٴδȥ
֪ǾĴֵܾز
԰˽үкںӱߵһĴ㡣
үֱʾԼûʲô£Ҫ뻤Լȥ顣
ǲУ컹ǺúűȽϺãСĸð
үż¡ˣǵ˭ûкúøлȻϲˡʱеʶûˣһҪлл
԰ӻ԰ıʱӼ￴Ϲȥģͷ
òãҪҳԺлģô鷳
ż̸ԭûκζۻۻۣͣ˵ļ϶ȿȣҽҩǰæôллϵʽɣҴתǡȿȣ鷳ˣʵڶԲ𡣡
˵ʱͣԣҲСôǱʱҲܿóǳк黹൱
԰е벻һ˻ʲô벻ڶԷŮܵһʱɢˣڰֵżʲô˵ûʲôȥĿ
үҲŸǰӵؼȰ˵
ۻȻشͷ
԰ҽԺοһ֮ʹŸ԰ˣȻ£԰Ҳһš
ͣȥ˼ңҪ·ʱľ徭
ϲ֣һֱڰ칫졣
԰ؽңҲطɵ
԰޹ֵұѧڼţ˵Ҫأѧüͷı顣
԰ûü˵ʵүҾȵġ
԰ɻתͷţ˵ʲôȵ˭
ѧҸϵӱߵʱѾϰˣڰţֻǴ˼ȵ绰ѡ
Ǿ˵˭ҵôǵøл԰û̫ࡣ
ѧɫŹ֡⣬㿴ؾ֪ˡ
ӱ߱ǱȽΣյĵطΧŲټأۻˮ±ĵӼܿȥûүѸٳҲȥͼˣˮһᣬүƺ֧ûԼҲŵȥˮܿûǵӰ
԰ֲ߬ˣŽ󣬹ʱˣͻȻˣүһ˫ε˵ǻ߸֫ɿش£ץŵۻҲһŷŵ˰ߡ
Եʱ˵״̬ƸԼΧûӰҲûκνӡڡ
ϲ˴ڡɣɲʲô
һۿصļ˲ԼͷƤըˣϺëֱ
԰е㲻̫ţֿ˲ͬǶȵ⼸أɳˮˣΧûг˵Ӱӡ
ʲôɣ԰Сֹţ߿Χ
ؼϣܿһӰرģǶССһţһֻ񣬿Ҳ֪ΪʲôǶ˶һֻĵõһԲεĺӰ
ʲôô
⶯ķθգ
ķθգҲ̫˵㣬
ʲô񰡣̫ģˡ
ͣ˼ҲûпֻֻܿɫҲɫǸģӦò
СС̫ˣƻɫҲ̫ˣûȷëɫէһеβɽȸ԰һֻβɽȸ

԰˼ܾǸɺϣôࡣμز⴫ҲС˵㽫Ǿģ֪ô
ѧһɾ˵Ĳҡ
԰ɫ֣ءҲ˺ܴæʱҽԺҲ£ˣ¾ˣĶᡣ
԰ӻ֪ͨԱһͳһھ
칫¥⣬ԽɫԽѿڲ²ʲôʱϵëҪըˡ
ԼһмصĶˣҪ²ɾˣ
ŵ˲Ϭ
Ƿܣôֻܣȫˣ


13 
ȻŲܻЩʲôɱɱҲἯϴּܡ
Ժ»ǵССģ࿴ߡ
ٱֳѺãԴĵһӦǺųǽܡ
칫ҵѾˣ԰ȥæµ԰ñǶιƵӼɾطԸ˽ӱ߼ӹ̻ԺںӱѲߣֹƵ鷢
ʱãӱ߶и߸ߵ«έԺͲݴԵţ«έָܣҪֱȥе鷳ݴԿݻƵͰͱЩΣա
λ԰ԭһ۵ĹԱҲָ
ЩãƽձȽ羹Ȼ˲οͣЩοͼףӦòǾסڸľ
۵ľһ˴ʮλǸĺӹЩ˸϶Ŷ
ƱĹԱʡǣ
ЦǻҵģѧдǸҪ߿ءϿ羰͹ˡ
ԱȻصͷ
߿˰ǿɵúúŬˡǵһô԰ﾰܵͼԿһ£ȥɽϻǺӱ߻У˲࣬λöáУҹ¹꣬µʱע㣬԰࣬ϱȥģҶˮʪͲˡ԰ﲻͣҪȥֱӸ˵ͺˣ԰շѡ
һ࣬ʦ£Цֿ֡
ллѣ̬ȿáԺһǻҵѧд
ƱĹԱʱֱͦ˼ӭӭˣ͵͵һ£Ǹ԰ܲŹƱƱ˺ܶࡣ
ʦһ֣ҲѹллѣҴᰲٺѧȥ˵
񽻻ʲôһһЦբŴ򿪣ʦܿһ˽˹԰
¹Ĺ԰ޱȣҶƽոӴ̣ɢĹƮֵζ
ʦϸ˵ͼʪظȥ
ʮŵ·߱߿ѡĺŹâͬ˵˵ЦЦвʱͷͼⳡ̸ȥ
һ˼ӱߵʱи̷Ů⳯Աߵ￴ۡ
ƺʲô͵غһظˣźĶʲôôôô󣡡
˵Ŀ˲ת˹ȥͼһŲߵվһֻһţǶйСʵ̫ˣէȥʵڷֲ۾ģֻܴϿͷβ
иչȥۣЦԬ磬㵨Ҳ̫СˣǲֻҰôû뵽⹫԰ﾹȻм⼦ûͦµġ
Ԭüȷļô
ȻƷֿɶˣڼɣֻ֪ζô˵ɢر㡣Цţ˵ͻȻ֪Ĵһɺ˳ֱŵף̲ס˸¡ôͻȻôˡ
߳ΧȥֻڼԭһֻƴССëѩףֻһѩɰʱֻԼ
һɰȴôҲŲ죬ֻǰӿԼǳΣա
֪ôһ˫̶СĶ۾￴Σյġ
ǿҵΣһ仰Ҷ˵˫ֻסһ㼦ƤֱۣҲ¹ͣϽǰȥͬߡ
ͻȻҪˡͬ鱧Թ
ԲԲֵܣ⹫԰ͦİûж·ҾöһҪð
ûУһ㶼䰡̫˰ɡ
һȺ˺ܿɢˮã忪ʼͶ뵽ϰУû˽˼ŵϡ
ųȺ࣬ջԼߡ
Ȼ˸Ҵʳ⣬ã㱻µݶԷһΨһڼ񵽵ģǾ˭죡
ڼָúܿ죬ѹѾԻˣŴӰ칫Ǳ߻ͷԼŴӿܿóǳǳŬﱻץĺۼҲմࡣ
ۼԼʳմŴȥһ㽫ëɾ
˵ζȫɾˣֻдյúܽŵһ㣬ǰֹǵζˣЩѳֲסغһĬ˺öβԴ󿪳Խ䲻ܳ嶯
ڼʱһֱվԭһû˵ҲûӦôֱ㶵ؿԼżȻǲԴһ˵ˣҲʲô¡
Ÿڼͨãҽţֻβɽȸһǧˡʲôɾˣǰĸɽͷôû㡣
ڼ춼ûһ£һҲ֪ûС
ĵɵ˰ɣźڼתһ£̽̽û뵽ʶ޶һëڼԼëë޶ԣһûʩᣬֻǽ
ӳߣһһ͵͵ͷڼĸĽŲ͸ѧСѼӸѼһ·һһײƲַʽһ㡣
һЩ뷨չ֦վѱ߲ԶĵطѴòߣڼͶҪڼʱ״̬ãܷſһ¶û׹ˣûзֽ˵ڶεΣÿζŵˤúܲҡ
ʵڿȥˣߡˣˤô졣
ҪǣŸϴɾëŪˣ鷳һˤ˾Ͳóˡ
ڼȴнϾˣֳʮΣ䷳أڣһγʱһԾɵǰվĵط
ĸͷŴܶ࣬ظǺüŲߴ׳֦ܲסѹһһ֦ѣڼٴˤ
ŵǷģ֦ѣҲŵ
ЩؽѸ
ǰŰѸһ£ˣóûһˣҲѻطط̫ࡣ
ǸڣѾ֪ʲôװˡ
Զʽ
ڼȥûˣά˫צſſڵϡ
צһûƶһ˹ֺڼƣ͹ȣûˣһš
ںڼëë˳˿һֻů鲻Խ¡
ڼš
žƽԼѸͽצ˺һ˴״һһ߶źڼαȻΪҲѱô
ˣ
õӷڵϣŽڼൽôһ㣬ԼҲվȥ˼պùš
Դ굽ڼ£ֻ¶һ˫۾棬ѣϸźڼůĳ
ֱɾ
ûжҲûйϵڼһ
ǸְĹ߼


14 
ڼԼǰƨɺתתȥ߳غȫξڲɽ
ֻǶЩ棬ĸоﶼСŨζ
Դе粻壬û취˼⣬Ҳʹ
ԼطԪڶЩκġ
ǰһֱ޵۹ǸǼ磬ڳǰĸʧˣΪӦ˸ĸĴڣżҪѰҵǣ;ۼͻʵǲ֪˴ʧܣ˶УͱһֻС౸ˣȻҲһֱ硣
ԪʲôҰһֻѪͳǳķˡ
Ȼѵķ˲缦
Ԫǵһ˵ֵز
ŬעڳµСϣƷֵûмʵ̫СˣôԲǱϵĺɫһѩһ
ԪŵҽܣҪӦʱֻܱ죬߽һһ
ŲԼĹ߼ûлӦȵĳһᣬΪ̫˳
һȦһűȽϸߵ˸ʵλãܿ˼أ·Ҷڵһȫῴܰ
ڼһ֦ϣžͱȥϷźãȻȥڼ
ôߣƺ̫㡣
Ҳֻ˼ͷˣڼֻ֣ˤȥҲˤ̫ġ
ɻغڼ㽫Ϳ··߹һˡ
ոûע⣬ŷ·߲Զ
ܿһŮ˺ڼֵطУһźڼˮòóԡ
żҪըˡ
ݺݵص˶Էһֱ߾ٹͷʿ״ڼ
ԺţҪܣȥ˵ҴȥͷԺڼ˵־Լɣ·۾۾ظһ顣
ڼԴ΢΢˵ǴӦˡ
ſĵԴ
ԹҸҳӳԡ
һãӪëҲܶ೤㡣
Ԫ˵ԼԳӣϧ鲻
űųȥץӣͷǳãڼԶĸߴ֦ҶӳµһֻСӣ֮͸ˡļҲǳˣǰ԰ѲӵʱͿܶû׽סĳλá
ʱûоôѰңֱ˵ֱֻʳȥ
һŰ԰к֣ܶҲͨȻͨѾ˺ܶܶ꣬øߴïʢɢڴԶɢĻһ쳣ֹǾ˹޼ģȫȻҲԳǹ԰ľ֮һ
ǱȽϰ棬ôһСĻҲⲻгӴڡ
һ֦ϣӯŲ֦ѾͷʱԾвҶڣһƬƬҶӼмһƬһܿĺڻɫӣһʮӼһ䶯ţһ㳤ëëĻë档
ʱʵ͹ǵĳɳڣë涼µѣѿȴ굽ٷҲ֪ʱΪʲôô׳汻˳
ž׼ؽҶҶҪߣ죬ͷȥ췼һϢ
Χ޽һԲγӣȵʱο;ϲϢ
һʮӣ԰˶̣˺飬ɻڿ죬е顣Եظ췼ۻ۵¡
ˣҲ֪иԶʶģۻ۱ʦѧʶǳʶɺˣࡣʱ˻飬˸ӣɷ磬ֽ˻飬˸Ůû뵽ڶɷ죬СֵѧУ˹ûɷǮˣ֪ȥġһӣǮڹ˺˺ü׷ӺӡǺӲТӽϱһıҲҪӶ̵£ȻסڼҲӡСŮҲʡģǸ˺öĵˣŮҲ֡ۻ۲ɿڣ޲Ͻ˲źãǱ߶ˡТĺǲˣҲѹ벻
췼ҲŸпҲ̫ˡ
ߵص˭˵ءǸǰ̫Ƕ˵ǰߵǮȥĲˣȫˣЩǷծܶ࣬λҪǮծġ
ԭ
ϸ췼һĵصҸ˵Щ˿ɲܽͣ飬Ϊ˺ӺκνЭҪǸҾͱ˵ⶼٴˣ϶ܵġҪǺҿһȥߵס췼ֱۡ
췼ϳ˿ڲһˣһͿˣÿο̲סȰ
췼ץסֱۣЩ۵֣˫ֽһԴ£ͷסԼͷϵ˿ڣǿЦû£㡣
˵Щʣ㺢ѾôˣԺ϶ġ̫Żᱻ۸ɲа춼ˣһûأ㺢ӿô죿
췼͵ز˲ңһúġҲͦˣ쵽ʱˣҵøϽȥӺӡ˵ҲƵߡ
ȥɣˡ
ԭص㿴ıӰ̲ס̾ϢһǸġ
ſ췼߶¶Ƥһһ飬ЩµΪ߶µøˡ۵Щˣ̲ס˻һֱߵ˿ĵط΢½Ųһվֱ۲ᣬ±˷֣Ͻͷ뿪ˡ
˶û˵Ҳ³˸/Ųʮ췼ϵǱɷġ
ѹֽϵζ̫ţ˾ܺ¡
Ųϲζһ͵ӵҶȥˡ
ڼȻ뿪ǰһſһĶ۾
ŽҶǰʳ԰ɣȥҡ
Ԫ൱ؿŻ䶯ĳǣһþһܵڷһС

ˣ˷ܵó˺ڼһ£˵ˣָúܿ㲻ϲԳӣϲʲôȥ
ԪתƬ̣Ҫ˵ЩʲôɸոһѾþʲô˵ˣֻٴα۾
ǰ˻ڼֱӵ
˯ȥˣ治ˣȻ㲻ҾͲˡ
˵곯·ĴɽȸͣھЩԶĵطܻʵϴʲô£
ԡ̧һƣƬҶӶƵط׼طɵɽȸߡ
ôʳɽȸ˷ܵſתһȦ
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һ룬ɽȸͻȻסһţûȥëͱ˳
م٣ëͷˣۣ߽ű֦š
ţ
룬ûڼԡ,,ַm..net  ,...


15 
ʵһζģǵζϵͳһͷϣһں󲿡
ܳζҲʳϲԵǳԽҲ³
ſŴɽȸӲһңǿƬҶ׳࣬ҲûԳҺúڼûԡ
ɽȸͷ˺һŻЩ飬СܳԶ˵ˣϴ̫ϸˡ
תһԵ׽ֻӬݶĵطӬ࣬ʱϸһҵġ
ɽȸŻӬһ£ŵļȥ
ллϴ󡣡
лȥæɡ
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ϧϲȵʵûݳ֣룬ĸɿܵˡ
һ߷һ룬ԼһȺСܲΪСܸԼϹôΪʲôȫ˹СʲôûиԼͶιǡ
ûеõ𰸣»ص
ڼ˯ˣůĳͣ͸Ҷ϶ӱߡ
дĺڣ඼רעģǱȽУֻݲݻʾ;һͷӶ֪Щʲôƺʦڹ԰䣬ȻǱˣ˺Щ档
ʦȥ԰ˣСʱ϶زǾΧ䲻Զ
ⲻ̫ðɣһʦʲôû϶Ҫˡ
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˽꿭һԥĻʸһȥˡ
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ˤԴˣϲأûѪ120ûУ򡣡
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Ӧе𵴣ͺˡʦ
ֻǼһңѧʲô⣬ʦҲ
԰ԻǶඣ㣬԰ֲͽֹҹ֦꣬ʪȥΣա
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ʱдѧҲΧ˹һǵؿűԬ羾ԼѣոסǾͺˡ
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Ȼȥ֮ǿȴԾվһˡ
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ӷԪһԾɹʮվһúϣһۿεŵӰ
ʱһʰûһֱϴ˹ȥ
ŵ۾ʱ
ǣ궪ˣ


16 
žʱʵ̫ˣһ
һǸɪɪؽԼһţʼͣغ裬ҡ
ûôӦֳ棬ԴһᣬûֽĻǸͻȥ
ûзܽսȥҪֻһ·ߣҲ鷳൱ķ
ףϡ٣һһ㣬Ųֻˡ
֪Ӧа취Ӧһͻ
ڵƻ£ɣ̫ҲоůŶС
Ǳ߱ѾҽԺ飬úܿ죬΢𵴣ûѪҲûйۡ
ʦ˱ļˣĸĸֱٸϵҽԺӵģĸ˲
ˡôϵ
ʦεؽ䣬˵ѧԼܳȥģҲҪѧİȫ
꿭ǰǸʾűȥġ
ĸǸȡֵˣͺûʲôֻҵĿڣ̲㣬϶ƤȥģСֱûйۣȻҪˡ
ҽԺһ󣬱ܿ˹
գգۣãؿΧĸ˹ȥץ֣ӣˣڸоô
Ӧٶ۵գգۡ
ͷ۲ۣ벻£
컨壬գգۡ
ҽʱ䲻Ҫ˶úϢûˡоͷ֮ͿԳԺˡ
ڴϣЩնû̫ıɵһ
Ҳֻŵˣû̫ࡣ
ĸ￴װο»ȥϰࡣ
ʦԼҽҩѱĸܾˡ
ãûʲô£Ҳ㣬Լ˻Եѵ´ο϶ôçײˡ˵ɣϻβסĵǡ
ʦĨ˰ѶͷϵĺҺҳܽŸεҽҩѡ
ҽԺѧˣԬǶڹ԰дʦæᶼѾ緹ʱ䣬Ͻѧ绰
ʦѾԹˣ㲻õġ
дȵǴŻֱӻȥɣ·Сġ
꿭뿪ʦ˱ĸһŻȥ
ôһֱ۾컨壬ĸ˵ʱֻõظûһľӡ
ܲ˵ĸֻǵĵûѯʲô
ҽԺס졣
үͬסһҽԺүȬԺˣ˯岻ԭ˵ʱ˼ˮûκ⡣ۻˣÿ춼ҪҩҺ
סԺ⼸λ˶ǹģûκ̽չˡ
үԼ߶ûһһԼȥʳÿζܺĵذۻҲһݡ
ʼʱۻһֱϿڽҲԣĬĬڴᣬү״߸Լĵĸ񣬸ϰԺзȤ¡
ǰ˸ѽүٸ˷Щһ˻ͷȫͣԽ˵Խģ˵ʱ㵸ģһ
ۻ۵ҲȥЩ̬˵ʲôϡƷ֣ǰһС
ô˼죬ȵҽ˵үԳԺʱȻЩδ
ͿԳԺˣ㿴ҪҪļ飬ҸѪѹʱͷΡ
ҽЦˣѪѹƵûҪסԺúóҩά־ͺˡ
үۻ۴һҾ˵þȵװɡ
ۻ۵ҪҵĻˣҸ򷹣ոҽ˵廹
ۻ۱֪ҪԺʱЩ˸УһҪʱɴ۾⣬ⲻ̫á
үڰ֣ôˣҲУĺƬͶ־ǰϢһ£԰ҶĺöˣûҽԺӵ٣Եµزġ͵˳
ۻе˼ڶүҲͦкøУһ£ŮŲʻȥǰֲ֪Щʲô»۵ү
ץò䵭صǲˣҿԼߡллҡ
үüȷϵ治ˣ
ãֻǸðѣҲܿͳԺˡ
үЩȻſȱߵĻƹ˲ĽűȳԺ
ۻۿʰ뿪ͷȥûٿ
ʱͬסԺһ㣬ĸԾûöӳԺ˼
ĸһֱҽԺ㴲ҽ˵ԼҶӲأͷۻ֮ܳԺˣȴöԴЩ̫Ծ
⼸ﱴǱ˸ƵģĬԣǴ㶵ؿĳһȻзӦֻҪϤһ۾ܿԾǰܵƤã࣬ڼһ̶вסզզģ㱻ҲʵʵǺһĴҴܡ
ĬĶȫİġ
ĸﲻˣʼղԺҽټһԲǲˤûȻôô
ҽ˼飬ʾָúҽǲŵˣҪȥưɣͻȻӸߴ׹䣬ܿʲôӰ
ĸ⻰һͻ뵽档
ûдȥƣ㿪Ⱥȥ˸绰ȵʱ֣ŶӳԺ
ʵʵǣųǰߣֵûôľګᳯܿȥһҹͲͣجΣǳµرԼﺬز֪˵Щʲô
ĸʼֻΪŵجˣɾҽһ˵Щ
˰ʱֵ˼ңʱ춼Ҫˡ
ˣǱ̺͹ùá
ǰûȥҽԺֻ˵ԣɴʱһ˲治Ծ
ǰסָ˵ͷӦţȴǰһס̶̡̳
˵ᶼҪˣǵ˻꣬üˣһ˿϶ܺ¡
ùһ·
תͷʱããÿȥ˯Ҹȥſڡ
á
ĸǣűҺ˯±۾ĸźҵŶ򿪣ְѵ·ϵȫŲ÷·
̫ҡҡ׹عߣѾʼڡ
˿˻ɫֻ̫ʣһ˿ʱ·ʼ֡
̻ؼˡ̻ؼˡ
ʱ԰
ڴ磬ովһùǺסˣоԼڶⶼɢһɹζ
Щˣ԰Ϳ·ơ
ſڿлһͼ÷紵ɢϵζ
תȦȦͻȻƴĽ
ԭһֱµӰҲͬʱ͵վ
̡̣
ﺰţŲеسǰȥ
ת˼Ȧû߻ؼңȻת¡
ڼֳ˼Σȴÿζԭشתʲô뿪һ
һοʱ˵ϣ̲סȴûһ
Ͽǰûע⣬һŷ֣Χľ༸һģһɢΧľһ޴ԲǿԲġ
ѹֲ߲ȥ
иߡ
ε̾˿ԼǶ㲻Ҫֻˡ
лҪ˵Ƕʱˡ


17 
Żûг֣¾ͳµı仯
·ڽлʽ󣬱ĸȥıûκα仯Ȼεûκô
̿һ԰࣬϶Ǳˣȥһ˹԰һԸ·
˵žҪߡ
ҲԣǸᶨΨߣżһףһ˵ˣһֱĬؿڡ
ڴϵģ԰ѾˣĸҲô˻Ҫôڣ̲סȰ衣
ѾˣҪȥ
̺ݺݵԼҶһۡôܵȵ죬ԾŵˣѾڹ԰üˣ⵱׵һ㶼˵ȥ
조ûС
ң¾Ҫҹ죬裬㲻й԰쵼ϵʽڴһ绰˵һ£Ǻܿͻˣ浢̫á̫̫ƿӣҲȲϱȥ绰ȥԼӹ绰˵
԰ԥһᣬͬˡ԰£ܹʮ֪ʶӶĿ˾޴ı䣬˵ĸıҲʼӵĻǲǱ˹԰
һ뵽ǹ԰ֻڣ԰С̲סֶ
ӦòֹһֻүˣҲ֪ǹ
԰ǳʸ԰⸽ûʲôطȽ飬ҪҪʦ
԰ס²۵۾԰̫ˣš
Ҳˣͽʲô
ҽͲˣֻҪû¾Ͳ¹š
԰쿴أֱת˻⡣
Ǳߵõ԰ı͹ù˳ֱ԰ûþ͵˵ط
һԱǿ¡
Ȼʲôߵ̾Ͷſ˵˻£ؼҡ
ԭɥһŵı˵̧ͷ˷ܵܵߣ»ٴαһ㣬ıͼץס·ϧʲôץס
̣ˡ
԰ԶԶƿ·һȦ߶šǻؼˡ
ظ仰һ˵һ߳ҵķߡ
ȻոһһߵǸԲıԵ˾ε֪һŲ˲䣬»صԭء
̵ĽŲԾһǰˣվȦƴ֡
㿴ңﰡҳȥأ̣һؼңҺ£úں䰡ء
̾Ϊ˻еãû뵽ǲС
űķһ
һֻоһסԼ壬ǹǣǰߣߵԲȦߵʱŸоһ
ڲγɵȻЧֻǶ˵ƣؼһһԲȦд˳
һϲѸܵ粽룬Լٴα¡
һ·ߵ԰ſڣù򿪳ŵˡ
ؼˣϳؼˡ
һ˳ɿסվڹ԰ſڵ֦Ͽų뿪
Ӧûʲôˡ
˿ѸٳȥԼҪڼĳůһ¡
Ȼʧ࣬һҲ٣ֵ۵ġ
ڼѾ˹ںˣСزǰ֦ǰߣƺѰЩʲô
󣬺ڼĶͣ
ŴյߣԴ˿ޱȵζ̧ͷ
ɻ̧Դףôһսζǲʲôˣ
ΧһȦûжȼҲҽ
ڼû˼̫࣬ǳſԼ
ŷԭڼĳſȻôһ㼦Ҫܶܶ࣬ѹô
ডڼһѡ
ڼζΧ棬Ҳûע⵽ںڼһ֮԰񶼿ʼɧµɪɪſڳһ㡣
һŴӺڼĳССԴʵָжˣ
ڼͷ
Ҳ˵ˣ
ڼһʾԼѾˡ
ܹͨˣŽѾõһ㵹ǼôΪʲôĽһǰ˶꣬ûͬˡôܵˣôģ
ԪͷֻСౣû뵽ôࡣ
ҪĲԼ÷ˣǼʼΨһһֻ߹ܾǧ谮ĿķˣȻϳ˼
⼸Ȼָһʶ󲿷ʱ仹ǻԪֻΪһ仯ȴûϸȥԼڵ
ûشŵ⣬Ǵһ·粽˺ӱߣһȽϽʵ֦ϡ
żͻȻ뿪Ҳæϡ
ͼֻڼͷˮԼĵӰ
ƣ峺ˮҲȾ˰߲İɫԪˮﵹӳĺںһţֻŶֻ˶ˡ
Ȼı˼ǼûǾ֪Ҳǵһӻڵ￪ʼĸʧˣԪûмԼ֮ķˣ֪ʧܵķ˻ӡ
ëѤõɫȫˣ
ۼźڼŴͷӣʯһһų˹ȥ
Ÿտڼһͨˮ
ˮĽóסڼѾˮãԿˮµĺڼſһζų˫ȣˮ赸һ졣
ԪԼëĵĵ˺üڴˮˡ
۵ˮƮˮļëٵԼռ
ⶼϺõʳɲ˷ѡ
Ԫϰûϵˮȫˣëϵĺɫû˿ɫ˼ȫϴ
ͷһξѯʵ˶ûС
ѵ˵󶼻ᾭһ⻹Ϊʧ˲ŻԺܱȥô
ۼֿʼˣϰΪͷϡ
ֻеͣҲ֪ô޳ģžȽϺðɡ
ԼСС͸ڼëԽԽ㡣
ſˮø
ԪعͷվԼϵСౣԺá
Ȼʧ˻ûҵˣһֻʵ΢ֺСɵ
СɵϸͦɰסʱָʵҲ
̧ͷֺڼѾָˡ
ֻƬ̣ԼͬسԷ¶еЦ


18 
ŵǺڼջָ㣬ûںӱ߼磬ҧסĺ󲱾
ȭͷССȻöԼüĶⳡǱ˿һᾪȲѣѾ԰ļλüʲôʶرܿأѾ԰ûܿõΪ
ԪûͻȻҧסԼĺ󲱾Զ˵㣬Ҳһ˲ͱ壬ز̧ķţסˡ
ֻСûж⣬ҲǶֵĺûᡣ
Ԫһȵʱ¶ȱƽջҪ߼֡
һ̧򣬽ŽҸ
һСɱޱȾ޴󣬵ȻˣůֻֻС౸оȶѣǸССĳͷ
Ȼǳͷ˵ȴůСǱһ
һ֮ҹ¶ȵ͵ֻʣλ紵֦ɪɪ˵Ҳһ䡣񶼼һҹҲࡣ
յںڼ˳ëϣŴ˷ڶ¶ȣ˸ȪɣһȻֱ˯ˡ
ԪԳͷһСౣСԼ´һûˣ˼֣ʱüͷûסȥˣϽ̧
~ౣ~ౡϸϸССľȺſзֻѩ׵Լ۾˯β˯һһ̣ʱʱ
Ԫת۾̧ĳȣԭĴת˲žƮ˹Ƿ¶ȸֱͣ䡣
紵ϣ˲˸£ûѹǸԪϿȥҪԼǶһѹë
ԪƬ̣ŽϵСԲշ³ٴůΧס
Ҳ֪ǲҹ˯̫ʱƽޱȷëʱը״ɿëĴëԭƴСӾҲһȦ
ſʼûע⵽ԼëëˣֻǰпɫرۣͷԼظģǸëëᵽһߡֻëˣëˡ
βɽȸûбëϰߣ״Ӧ˯ʱġ
žͼǵֽˣرر䣬紵ҪӲˣи޴ŵůԴͣůԴϲ䡣
Ԫһëëʱһ룬Ҳһѣ첻С౶Ǵëˡ
ŴëŬ뽫ԼëëƽԴһһңȫͣԺﲻ֣ɰ
һ½ëëѹȥû뵽һʧոѹȥëëֻһģЧʵ̫
ԼĺڼŷæͷһȥԼëҪüɡ
֦ͷܽһ
˲һȺ˹Χ֦ϡ
ϴˣ
꣬ϴʲô·Ը
ϴԳӡ
һȺߴߴؽš
վλþѲ̫Զмм֦ţҲܿԿ￴ߵĺڼ
֪ΪʲôһȺոջߴߴлȸֻڼĿһ˲ͱ죬һڶҷ
ûͻȻſɵĳһëͻȻˡ
һȺɽȸһȺɽȸͼֻɽȸһģҲ
ŲŲվһֳ֦ϣһȺȸɵ߽Χ
չһһ㣬Сǵķ
С൱зֹʶֻһ飬䵽ĵط
ôֻͬʱëûʮžʹһӱСӣϵëëҲ˳
ҿԼĶƤͳصͷ
ˡ
Ϊϴ񣬲ࡣɽȸص
źܴ󷽵صǰΪͶˡ
ɽȸǴһ£󻶺شһʱ䅻مٺ͆ĽĲ
˦ԴһȺСȥʳ
֮ǰͷ˷ԪһۡһҸԵġ
԰û˭ŸгӺֲӣĿȷ䵽ݵϣڵķһС棬˳ӻвѡ
ѶҲӵϲѣ˴ʱʣò࣬ŻǷǳ׼ҵ˲١
ɽȸǸƨɺ棬ص˵ȴĸιʳĳʱڣֻҪһݷʳԶӽ
ʳҲһĻ̲סЩĽ
n_֪ܳ൱۵һֻɽȸΪʲôϴιǰ
ǴɽȸͦԼڻཻظ֡¡
n_浽ץĵǰҲʳ
ϧ춼ҲûеȵԵģóϡ
ûķݣǰҵæ
n_ȥϴҲܸɣ´οҰæ
´һ´һ
n_˺Щȴûֱ뿪
ûһСʱһȺɽȸͳԵöƤԲаµźüӴ¡
ιСſʼ񡰺ˣԱ˾߰ɡ
ȺطˣҲȥڼʳǲ֪ʲôϴδë治óԣ;͸ˡ
űųڵһȦһȦ
n_һƳʲô£ִȥϴʲô£ҿ԰æ
ųһֻۣn_ڹ԰ܾãҲʲôԣ͵ʳӦû֪ϲʲô
ϲʲô԰ʲôܳԵĶ
n_ԥһʵϴǸһֻԵô
ǰûڵ񾭹ʱܿõֻ
ϴϴôn_Сʵ
ԴʲôЦҾϴСܡǼҲҪǶϴһ𾴣֪ô
ڼϾҲͨﲻһ
֪ˣϴһͷ͸˵ץɣҼǵüϲ򾣬ѣСʯӡ
ʯӣŵسһ󣬰n_̧ԼĽűʾģ˵ģ˵һߵؼ
ðɣԡ
԰ȱ°һܿ׽˺ü򾣬򾳤ִ׳һֻǿҧסһֻһֻڲͣŤҧΪץһצץһŰn_ҵһűָ׻ССʯӡ
Ԫãڵš
ȻСץԾŤĳԼǰʾԡ
Ҹʳʯӣ˵Ҫ֪һŹ
򾱻ºͼ꣬ѵ֩˿ǳͣȫ겻͸ֻܳǰŤܿŤ˷Ԫǰͼëꡣ
ȫëëҪķԪ͵ֻһ±ˡ
һƮɢҷ
ĿɿڴؿһĻã̧ʹ鼤ﲻסкá
þʣһΣ
Ԫ׻һκľݸһʡ
лҪ˵vvʱ仹賿û趨ʱˣΪǴ
һҵƪԤհɡħƪӪӻĴģ϶ٲ˵ⱾͿ
Ԩ֮¾סһֻǿƥĶħħÿһΣѰƷ
ձһļƷ׸Ԩħ
ڶħѨȴӭһŭһѪڡ
໣ҵСأ
ա
˵õǿħأ
ԨʱԨ

İ
ԨħħֲĵطǿħҲ̤С
֪Ԩħƶ񤣬б˾µħȫƼҶռ
ĳħһŹŹëŮŮֵӪǳݵӰ
֪䣬ԨħΪħܻӭĵطͻħ˽֡
໥
ħʹͬһӰ
ħ;Ϊһ˳Ϊѡ
ѺõվͬһƬϡ
Ϊһ˶׸ı䡣


19 
źźط, ڼҲϲ򾡣
һֻϲԳӲϲ򾣬׳ʲôѲϲʳ
ųɾǧ, һֱڴɽת, ΪǰĲ쾭, ǰ硣пֻһֱ, Ѿϲԭ̬ʳˡ
ô, ŵ߲ɷΧǽ, ԰ҵԶ·СԽ֡ܿ԰Ÿɻ߼߼ر߳Ա߽԰
ֻȥĺڼ, ЩΡ
ԽΧǽֱӷɵСԽϣתһȦһ߸ϡ
緹ʱ, ʮѾֵ֧ϰѧȺۼڵǰ˵ﲻ
ζһҰӵſ, ͦ, ϴǿӱn_ʼûζ, ƺҵġ
Ȼ̫Ӵ࣬Ҳ֪ҪǮһëǮûС
ѲҪֱȡһû͵, Ͼôܽ͵ء
߳ĺΪһֻǧĻֹҿ, ˸һƫƧ˵
߳һԼʮҵŮһͷڵ緢ѩ, þСɣһ˫۾鶯գգȥмƤɰСϴɫȹȹǰ׺ڣ൱ɫ
峿һȹӻЩˣοǸôÿŮ
һ߳һֵĿ⣬ҧ͵ѧһʱǾ׽߶ת
˵ߵǰ߿ؿڵİְӡ߬һĴָĽɫʯͷнӣֵǮӦٰܻӡҲռΨһġƷ֪ʲôʱŽȥģǶ
ǰˣһλżѧĸһλ͵Ůˡ
߶ˣӺûиǮóֻŵŵĹŹͼɨɨֱˡ
ˣҲͬû˸ֽ
ſʼԼܲõõ෢չȫˡ
ֵܿϰʵҪʲô
ٺصӡ
Ҳ֪û˵ˣҲʱڹ԰תƣѧģе㱾ؿòɡ
ϰһߴһʣҪӣ
ָȻ˸һֻ壬һӷŵӦûֵǮ²ˣ֪ܻܲõ
Եȡ
ϰװӵݸǮŽ˳ȥſλεĽӣӲ֪ôرԲ⻬һ
ңûǮôʵ
ϰɵؿֿǿӣ۷ǣİٳˣһģʮˣǧ齫аӶҲˡ
ӹָһ£ǰʱŸոĸ˸ָУ֪һ
üǧ鰡
Ÿճ˲ע⣬ΧȺ޵سΧڷ£ЩΧȺ̲ס˿֡
һλ˵Լִյϰֱߣ¶ϵĽӱȻһѽֵǮˡСҪȱǮȥ껻ڽǵӴܻǮɱ˼Сӡ
Ҳǰӵϰ壬ô˿Ҳ˼սڴӻţڰֵܸģ㻻ǮٸҾͺˡ
գգۣЩ໹ͦɰ
ϰЦЦصлл
ָ˵λŵл
ͳúÿһЦֶˡ
Ǯһסŵ֣ҿϲۡ
Ůסʲôôǰû㣬ôٲô콵˻ðģСﲻҪȲҪ¶ȡˣѧǹˣǲǸìˣǽֵģѿҰ
űһҵͷת򣬷䣬ϽǮŵܿˡܵ˵ĵطԭΣһӷɻ԰
±˿ɵÿɸˡ
ų˿ȻҲϸоѹʱ򣺡Ҳ̫ˡ
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ҧһڣƤ
ε̫СӶˣôһҲ֪Եʲôʱܳꡣ
ųܣûע⵽ԼССͻȻſ󵽼弫ޡǻ񶯻Чһ㤡
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;ͱԭΣСС̫ණʱֻһ
ԪҲǡڴʱ˹һ۾Ϳεš
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ڰѾ͸ˣҿۣܿ뵽˰취͵̧Ԫĳ򣬽ʣĸһοЦ
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ؽҸµİ˳ſһҲû죬ƺЩ
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Ա£ԪȻðҲܽܡ
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ȻϲʳǰǱôΪʲôˣǲǳʲô£㱻෢ʵˣԲһĶǵĴ硣
ԪֱӴĻ룺ǣûУԭһͺˡ
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ۣ⻹һ˵ôĻŵעȻĻϴλûʲô֣ҽš
Ԫת۾̽صԪ˵ֱֱضƺڵȴʲô
ŶԪԣһҪŶһķӦûУҪӵϰǮ£ŷԪһӣȲȫ꣬żȥ
˵ԽӻǮڳҡ
԰ŵʱһֻϤĻƹһλ߰રવţԭǳԺүˣŴС԰ֱ칫ȥ
˵ǵ԰ıҲ֪ôлЩϣǱ
ҪɳȥķӲ˸䣬͸ӿүͳһѶϣˮʳкʵõı±֮ģͳɫĽ죬дŸл
԰Цüۣ̫ˣⶼӦġ
ѧվүĵлһκ飬Ҳȵģû˿¾ͳ¼ҲֻӲͷƤϣֱе󱳷ë
һүŴ˳滹װЩΧתһȦ󿴵վڲԶš
۾͵үϽӴһӣװĲСӣصشʳ֮ǰˣβɽȸϲԡ
Сɽȸصظģ
ŲؿүѵԼȵ
ƹͷͷβͷҡΡ
ǲңŶŻƹʵ
ƹһɵؼͷȫӡ
԰ƬүΪЩɻ
үֺǺǵصҾǾøֻԵ֡
û˵ˮʱȻʶģȴԼԼֻӰ͵þˣĹ̫ɣһ㶼е˴ڵĸо
һֱþԼĲˡ
ʹеţүҲԼ˳ֵĻþֻҪû¾ͺãûȥοҲİǡ
ǺʳǺܶණһɵģоûʲôʳ
үûоܾһ㿿СӣںӱԵ̽һ£Լ컹̫СˣѡצһץźӷԶˡ
ү϶ʱųһõĻͷ԰صǿϲң
԰֪ôϲʳϲģͷֻɽȸһ㶼ˡ
ŵźŹ԰һȦѲصʱһûȸһ룬͵͵ͣ˹԰һǡ
԰ܴʪγɵĺγСӣСӴ԰棬⼸ֻ˳ݻƵ«έɽġ
ͣʱǼֻ֨֨˲侯ȥ
Щ񳤵úأɫС죬һƬ̻ɫӺ׵¸βë׵ĳɫڰ׳ȼӡ
ɫ۾·һǵĺɫȥɥɥȸСµûкǣͬܿɰ
ȸżҲΪʳεϲϢںߵ«έС
ֻƺһͥĸһӣͦС񾯾Щ棬ڸĸ̽ͷ̽Եؿ
ŽʳﵹڸɿݵҶϣǽһȥ
һҺСһ·ӦûôԺá
ûעԼڵĶոүιʱһģһ
һ˹ڲҶת˺üȦȷûбĶ˲Żͷ˿ڣζϽһЩܵȥι״嵽˲Ҷϵͷʳ߳Ա߷ܻӡ
£ٴγ԰ȥ·ûʲô£ֱӷɵġ
Ѿ֯
Ų֪ģҲ֪ôվ̳˰졣
һֻͷİף´һ󿿹ȥֵܣģҵĵ̶ס߰ˡСȸֵطﲻʺ㡣
Ųͷͷ̸ͷܶ࣬һӡ
˵ס߰ˣΧӦöˡʡ
ͷ̶ʱͦԼޱȵظǵȻˣ֪Ҷ
֪ô
ꣿǿ̫ˣȥң¥ҲңǱߣļңؽҲңҪȥģԣȥʲôɲܳԣ̫ˣС㱻ץȥˡϸҾۿһֻӱץ߳ˣѽѪӵˮëأɲˡͷ̿ŵ
һ㶼ûţʵп໻Ǯ֪ôô
ΪסͷˣóԴ⣬һֻô໻Ǯ
ͱˣ㲻֪ô㲻˵Լʲô֪
ͷ֦˭˵Ҳ֪ˣͽȥ˵ҪǮҲҪ˵ó˻аȻĸ㡣
պǰֻԼСܶķ³һԣ˭˵Ҳ˵˻ˣ
ͷһëëըֱֱشϵȥ㵵غţ㣬㲻ôôܣ
վϢֻǰһһֻŵøϽһûڵһ·ɻϡ
Ѿˣû˵ĵط̫٣ֻܽΡ
ζ̫ͷѬ۾ˣϽű˳ȥ
հͷ˵ģȺг̳ȥ
⻹ŵһôֵĵطˣЩʱͣزͷ൱Źָָֹ֣
ü̲סֱۡʵ̫ˡ
ӿŲ̳˲ͱ浽Թˡ
ͼ룬ڱǰعҺýһ㶼һ¥׾Ϳһ̨Ľ˹ȥ
ǵͶʵҲ٣˴ʱҽﶼվŲˣԱæµظ˽εĻԢŻݼ۸
Աһ֪ԭ⾹Ȼô
ִǮûʲô֪һֻҪǮһССĽҪǧ򣬹ˡ⻹ܳԣҲ֪ȥʲô塣
֪ͶˡӴˣǻμּᣬһɽɽãЩһȤûȡ˿˴ռ䡣
ڣžǺڡ
˭õһ컹ΪǮ
ף̾
лҪ˵绹һ


20 
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һ߹, Ҫô˻ԼҿԸƼƼ
֣¶, ֱ׵ʣܻǮô
һ£Ե, ࡣ
ûһ˹, Ľӿ˻᣺յգҪ鴿Ⱥܹۡ
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ҵܴű뵽, Ա߾Ǹ߽ΣʾϢһ¡
ſ, Ҳ֪ôģ¾Ȼվϣӱͺܸ, ӽ̨ĸ߶, һվȥֱȺ
Ż˵һȦ˫һȻԵõض
һתͷΣſ뽫ɵӴʱ, ֪ΪֻͰ͵˵һ䣺ﲻվȥ
޹գۣûվ, Ҷء
㣺, ðɡ
˵Щ̫ϰߣš
ضڸ߽ϵ˰죬, ÿ˶᲻ؿ
˵ܿ˵仯ŵζ˿ʱЩ˻˲סǱϲ
ս̳ʱûע⵽Щڲŷ֣ԭ࿴ᣬǾϲ
ѵһֱࣿ
ɨɨȥһЩߵĲٹſһЩֱһźܶ๺˾ֱߡ
ãҽƣһԱװģأǰô
˵һƬſۣûֻϵ÷֣̫̫࣬ˡ
ģʲô
û뵽ڻв֪ʲôģص˴ڣŵм¶ɰҲûӴЩ͵һְҵֻҪվŰڳposeվͺˣ۵ģǹսᣬһһǧȤôʸǵ·ܺϡ
һһǧһٸӡ
ſ࣬ζԣᡣ
ȥ๤˵ȥԼϴĸ顣
һʱûдӦҲûǿֻĻԸҴ绰˵ֱ뿪ˡ
ŽССĿƬȥֿҲ֪绰ģ˼ûӵԼĴռ
ǰע⵽㻹ڲʱ͵Ҳոշ¿ԴϲסðĽݡ
ſʵܺ𣿡
ǹ²ŷǶԼ˵ŲŲʹͷСǰһһǧأһ»ʲǧ
һǧͻȻܵ졣
ôģʵͦ
˰죬ڽˣЦݵصˣջȥҲҪӹãԲܰǵǰ۽㣬ڽ٣Űİգʮһˣܹ5060ת֧΢ţ
ŶԼ۸ûӷ൱һõʯͷ
֧΢ţ֪Ҫֻʹãûֻ
ֽ𡣡
ǳ˳飬ڻҪֽˣȷҪֽ𣿡
ŵͷ
ԱߵĹԱдӣԼǿ˰Ҳֻҳһǧ顣
Ĳ֧΢ôпҲԣ
ĬĬҡͷ
˿࿴ۣѹ·꣬Ŭ΢ЦҪٵһˣȥȡǮ
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ʮһ㣬쵽Էʱˡ
ŶϷߵĹ̨ǰһֱſڣþʲô
ȥ¥ˣԱ߲Сôɣ㣬ȸ棬СӣҲԣ̲ͳ䡣
ζء
쳤˶䣬Դ΢΢̧ŵ˴ƮŨζ̳һһ㶼ǲ꣬ʳζűǶˣ²Ҳطڳһˮ
ζǺ㣬ǿ죬Źǣţܣзըӡ
ȵȡǮ־ҪӹһѰס
£Ҫǩһ£дֺֻ룬ԺʲôҲϵ
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ǵNγ鴤ڸҿЦô
һϣ˵ġ
ŷȹûпڴģûȻҲֻ
㣬Ǻðɣ㰴ӡ絽ķʽô
԰ȥʪع԰ҡ
һõǮ¥ֱ
ҵ궼һԱվǰߺȣǼҵĲ˰ɣµлͳͳŻݡ
ȫװۡ
ײ˫ײͶУִ֧
һ·߹ȥһ̫֣涼ӡͼ˿ˮʳӡڴϣ·͸ͼŵζˡ
Ϊһܾõ֣ҲǷҪԶɣһ²Բȶûκ⣬ĵסҪ֪Щʳﶼʲôζ
Ųسһţȥߵſڵʱҵ괫ϵļ۸
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֪ǮжҪſԼŵļǧǮûȵԱӭȥתߣַ߽߱ڱǶһڡ
ŸɫëССһǶŵɷǳ˵ζŵٴθ۾ëȥ
һһ˷뿪̳ǰڽǰСԣŲһսСԽ֣ʳ˶ˣһСʮ顣
źӣССڵҧӣﱻùĹĵġ
ĿһʣµҪڼ
ȥֳǰȺ˵ɣ㣬ⲻͬһֶϵ⣬ͬĴʽȻҲвͬζ
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ϵһʹΧ֦ҶȫŻζŵؽ
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ͷ̽ͷţ㣬ıˣ
Щֵʵôϳҵģ
ͷ˦˦ԾκԴо
ĸо׼ϧֻͷʲϧϡ٣ʲҲûгɾĿˡ
ϧʲôͷʡ
ûʲôˣȥɡ
ͷͷ֦ϵͷ˸ӣŽӹһԭǿѡ
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ȻյϹǸСܵĺӰ
һ͵سһָ˵㣬ԺҵСˣʲô¶԰ҡ
ʱ·һؿֿϣֹһúһŮȻǸ񾭲˵첽С˹ȥ»ᱻ
ŲŲܱô˵ԭرһᣬϰͷҲ˱ģΪһֻȻ֪ʲôСܣʶΨһһֻԱ˵ر㵱СҲԿ
ϴáſںûκ
Сܿϵüˣһ£ȥɡ
ϴټϴߣϴ·Сģϴǵҡͷվ֦ͷһصҪжġ
ſѣˮͦóԡ
һ·ıؼǰŸߵ;Χľ
쿴ʲô
ôһֻǳ߷ô
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һ˿Ϥζŷ־ȻǼԪ磬Ƭ̣Ͻڼ
ˮ汻ҳһ״İݣŹ˲ò鿴ԪСųǰߣܿʧһҪΧǰ
ߵ˵ĵطŽڼ˿ƺǰԼˤˣԴᵽһԣͷ³һֻϼ
Ż˻ԴԪ磬ûɣ
λҲţ˶ѡ
ϧСС
ԪãȵӶ͸ˣСҲûлЩסˡ⻹ͷһγȥôá
еɵԪƭˡ
ʱָû죬ѾԷˣѭζһ·ȥ
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Ŭһŵ˷౵ζȴʲô񣬶Ǹˡ
ԪǸӣ䣬Ҳ֧ŲסֱֱǸ˹ȥ
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ǷԪĳû֮һ
ϣԼԶҪѹˡ
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Ԫۿˣ۲죬ֻдûˡǰڵ޵۹ǸԭζǲͬĴֻһЩȱݵ޷εģЩǧֻһˡ
֣ҲһֱǸ
ֻؼҵȴܱ࣬ƺΨһˡ
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ŽһǮͳһʮģԥԥص˳ȥ
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ŽǮռɨѾ̯͵꣬ĵس԰ȥ
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ԭЩοֻƱ
СѵûƱҪȥǱƱƱʮ԰Ʊǰۡ
ʮһζʮ
ͻȻоԼסĵط߹
ҲͻȻоǧǮʵѺܸߣֻʳû١
ȫ˸ӣǰù԰ǰɽͷãСƣȻƱôס˽ѵĸо
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ʱһСûƱôţŸðɡ
˵ǰˢƱ
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ػ֮˯һȫָǰĻáûڼҶ죬˸ĸһҪ԰һΡ
Դ˱ĽǣһֱУȥ԰
˵ĸҲ֪Ǽ٣£вޣҲȥгЩʳЩʳһϡ
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ˣҲСˣµģ治ˡ֤ĸȰȥϰŶŹ˹԰
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ƱԱСƿЩˡԭκķԪŻ̧ͷһؿСӡ
Ͻҡͷǣ
ʱһУŵ񣬲˵һ˵Ҳ̫òûټ͡
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ˣŽʣһСһԳ˹ȥģζԡ
ԪƷÿֻһ㡣
ɻʵ㲻ϲЩ
ȥƷԪǳؽƵһߣ󿴵˱ѹƨɺѾ˵ļӡ
Լһﻹĸ׼ȷ˵룬ĸӾԼԵڣµĶûԣڰѾ͸ˣ紵ûеӲ
ſһʳֿһ޹ĺڼ̲סϣŨܵĺ׷ȥ
˷ʳ
лҪ˵ϡ
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21 
Ԫˡ
ԿϴʹòŻع
Ҫȥץ, ȥĳҲűˣССģҲСС, ʵر
Ԫʹط³, ּëƮطǱĵһСƬ
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ԪȻǲǿë, ĵġ
ͣ졣Ԫֱڵϴͷͼӿ
û뵽Լб˱ƵôǱһ졣
ĽһëԼĴռ, һջķ, Ҳź
ؿۺڼеͺͷ, ɤӵ֪֪ȡʳжѣҪǮ, ҶõĽȥﻻǮ, Щͻȥ˲٣һһ㣬˷ʳ˷Ǯʳѳģ
ģʹļ׼ˡ
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ŵĻƬ̣һѾˡ
ɣҲ˷ʳǰ, 㵽ϲʲôʵ
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ˮصҲ֪ԼΪʲôôһػش⡣
õĳ򣺡㲻˵´θˮԣԣ԰ˣ
Ҳ棬ӳ죬ͷﶼгڣ԰öΧϷҵѰʳ
챴ˤ԰Ϳʼ֯Ӹժˣھ֦ͷߵĵطʣһƬطûôġ
¹ԱĶժˣ·ԪԴţھ͸ժӳԡ
˵˳ȥ
ԪȥӰ鼫ȸӣҪɲֱûţϾ÷˸һֻ౼ƽҲ̫ˡ
ɴһ̯ɵ
ѱǰ˯ĴҪʣһǹɱƸоʧˡ
͸մҶڵ۾һƮķҡҶ죬ëëŷ赸Ԫȫû
˲֪ãԪһˡ
̧۾ͼŴһӻִֺ졣
ŵЩǸģ㿴ԣȥ򡣡
Ƶģÿĳĳʳ
Ԫû˵洫һߴߴУЩ˵ʲô˲һһһϣɫȥ
ΪʲôֻʲôøɾܱϴţʳԣĽŶ
ԭϴϲô͵ģô
ǲǻˣҪǵùϲϴ󰡣
ƨôһܷܶ൰ɣȻϴ۹á
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Ǻܹص˶飬һֻһ֣ܿʳͱˡ
ллϴ󣡡
ллϴ󡣡
лڶ
չƷɣСͳԵģҲǸְĺϴˡ
Ƕ뿪֮Ŷ׻˷Ԫߣƣ˿ԲǰϽ԰ģʣרġ
Ԫޱصͷһڡ
ͦ𣬲ϲҲϲ
Ŀצķʳ棬žߴһ½ǿˡ
һϲӣӺ÷ʺô󣡳ÿã
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˵ȷʵһپϲˡ
ŲԳӣҲ˷ѡ
㻽һֻͶιȥͼһֻɵòĿİط˹׷żֻһֻǻҲͣǰֻҧ˵Ķž顣
ֻôֻһˣ
ž˺󱻹Աȥˣ궬û취뿪ֻڹ԰ԽΪҪһʱ䣬Ȼôͱŷɳˡ
ʵžûȫá
˽Ӵ͸͸Ĳݵɹɹ̫˶ͻҲֻͣʾȻžҪڹ԰Ҫݼϴ󣬸ɽͷһͱѺŹˡ
ǿзһᣬž黹ûȫõĳֿʼˣһ֦ǵصͷϴá
Ҳôϵɤ㡣
žббؿһۣΪ򲻹Ҳֻֽܴͣһ
ͷʣôǣ
Ҳֱ׳صϴ󣬽̽أԺҪڹ԰͵ÿϴϹ
ſģ̲סЦϵضϴǣţؾ˵㶮ô
žԴǳ˳صǣϴ󡣡
ȻǱûƢˣʱ˺ˣ˵ʲôҲҪֱ뿪ҲԽˡ
żӣ»Ҳͣˣ˻ûãΪˡ
Ҳ͸¸ŶžתȦչʾһԼǿ׳ĳצ뿪
ŽֻƵ˶žǰԡ
žιʳȻȴûгӵջô󣬺οֻôʣϲ˳һ۵òҶˡ
ллϴ󡣡һϴʵС
Ӻܿ˶žĶӣżѣҧĺ󾱽ͻ˰칫ԱߵĲݵϡ
Ǳ߻ֶž鲻ĹԱصң͵͵뿪žӲݴһСŹ
ȥˣˡ˵Ž
Ż󣬷ַԪ˶һϣһ˫۾ڿҲ֪Ϊɶܾ˫۾ȼһźɫĻ
ӿȥʵô棬ϲǱŵˣով⣬ٸһ֤гˡ
˵һѲֱܿסһԲֺĳë׵һϲ̧ͷС϶ˣûӡ
ŽŲǰëëʹ˲䣬ɾˮݹȥɾˣٳ
Ԫ죬ʵ˵Ȼϲӣֻģȴֱ͸˴ž飬ĪôһĲġ
ȻһֻСӣԪԼǱֻ౸ͬˡ
ٴνӹӣԪ˹ԵĺСڣһֻһ㣬Ƥ֮¶ɢζİ׾⡣
ȷʵܴࡣ
Ŷһӣۼˣֵݹȥһš
ٳԵ㣬ôһԲԵ㣬Щȫġô˵ŵʱԼҲץһűȽСʳԴСһһһġ
Ԫһ棬Ͳٳˡ
Ҳǳȥһ㣬Ųٱ
յһ߶ЩʱʳҪúÿű͵ˡҽ·ĵʱܶˮģ㡣һ
ȷʵչ˹񣬳βɽȸȺԶֳʱ̸ĸҲæչ̣ιʳѣæҪĶ
Ԫ̬ȣ΢ĸо·ԼǸҪչ˵ߡ
ϣԼָܻø㣬ֻСԲķ౿Լǿƥʵ
뵽ˣԪ̲סſҪȶһ£һ뱻һ˻ȥ
ûþͺúϢҶˡ
Ԫйغ۾ĬĬ
Ǳ߱Ѿ԰ĹԱĺص쵽ڲҶܺϽл¡
ʵѾû̫ӡˣסԺǼҲ̫ǵˣģģģͣˤ죬ѾǺöԺˡ
ģȴԴֲֻᣬ͵ĸʱԼԭǶ˻ꡣ
һȺԵĹԱûϸڶЩźҡͷ
ҪСλãˡ
԰ɫкܶ࣬Ҫһֻʲô
ҡͷҲ֪Сѩף
԰ܻԾڹ԰Ҳͱˣÿ춼иͳ԰ĹԱЩҲͿһߣûдŵ
˵ӦǱβɽȸɣŲʪǰ漸ʮԶˣеߣѺررԲرܻԾǱߵһȣ˵ܼ
ǹ¥Ǳô
ԣңܺϵġ
лл㡣˵Լİˡ
ͷѰһ󣬺ܿҵһһѣʵ̫رˣһ۾ܿõ
￴һźɫӰӣ뵽һ԰ʱ֦ϼֻڼ
ôڼڳβɽȸ
ʵҲйԱǵʣΪʲôһֻ
ȷַԪ̻ӵģ޼֦ʱһźںĶһʵڹŹˣԱһʱûѡȷѺʲôʱһֻķ켦Ųŷһġ
ʵڹŹ֡
Ųʱصرܿ˼أȴҲܲסĿƼֶΣøԶøֻܿ
췼żȻۺڼʲôģǰһֺԼ췢ֹʧļԭǸģһֻȥˡ
㱨ľֻ϶Ǻζһ¡
һʱ졣
ǶܿƵо˽ۣӦǼβ𡣡
ôô񼦡췼ૣɱöֻء
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Ż֪ԼѷԪĺ͵񱣬ʱڷԪĳ͵
Ѿվ˿ʮˣҲ֪ô۲ۡ
е㺦ֻںĶݹԱ˵ģԲӦþСˡ
ĽŬģĽ/
ౡ
͵ԴøˣȻ⼼ܣ˵еĻͦ
Ԫ̧Դסˣһֱӷ˳
Ӱֶʱһ˷ܡ˻֣Сá
Ų֪ʲôͣһ֦ϡ
ǲңлл㣬㳤ɰ
ɫ΢䣬תߣһҲûж
ſıӰ㶣ʲô⣿лô⣿⣿
ү֪лҪһòûУΪɰˣûãһöûУһס
ߺߵתͷһ֪ԪʲôʱѹĬĬվ·
汴ڱ˭׷һŲȻӿ죬ΪܣСѸ뿪ط
βɽȸĺʵ̫ˣҪһÿһο﷢ŷǳ¡´Ҳˡ
Ԫջߣٴλ
Īظ˻ȥ
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ŹҲ˯˹ȥʵ磬˯
ĩã԰ƽһҲһңһ˼ˣ԰ͣѵͣ˲ٳ
ЩϼҴڣвº͹ţһȺǴ׼ĵʲôĹˡ
ϴδǼȸƵ˰ᵽΧϣֱһЩVתɢһĩβʵʱȵ㣬ܿǧҲΪ԰˼ʮע˿
ֽžͻҲʹܵļƵȥÿճһ¶žƻָڶžһȺ˷ۣٷۻҪҩճƷ
ֱǵøľǹ԰սֲܺգЩɻһ˿
ƹЧ԰ã׼Ŀ룬Ͻȥ˸ƹ㣬Ǿĩը
Ͽţ԰ûмٹֱһͣϸǼͣ˳
԰ϲվڼƱֺǺǵؿŽ԰Ⱥ
磬дźñСӵĵδŽ߱߸һعοͽ͵ʪع԰¹ɫľ֮һִϹ԰֣ʵA羰԰ʪغѾǧʷС
һͱӵѣƿԪĳ⿴ȥ˲䱻һ¡
ôôˣǹˣ
ڵľߣܿҲԶֻڿĲݵϴ˸Ұգдŷݽŷݵģ¥Ǳ߸Ǽˣ̫༷µľֻŲӱߡ
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һиСҧָص裬иձձ
ҿձûǣźˡ
ſʼ̸֪۵Լѣһŵȷϡ
ѳձֻ񶼲ˡ
ǵһƷζĻ̫УѾרҵģֻ˵ǵԼ
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Ԫŵģɫ۾мȼһϸСĻ档
Լɵ۸ˡ
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ͻȻ̵һ̬ƴ˺Լ·ȥϣϲ첻ʲôûС
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Ҳ͵شӵϷ̽ͷ̽ԣʲô£
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ëëֶֺ࣬ŰԴ˽ȥôһɼ˵ζ˲佫
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22 
Żûܵסջ, ߶˷Ԫһڡ
ľԪֱӱ죬͵ؽǰС౸޶˳س
ѸĨߵĿˮ, Թɵպãһ޹ͷ
ո˵ˡ
ӷԪ, һԵ, ȥˮʲôˮ
·ȫǵøոշʲôһ, תƻƱȷԪרҵ
Ԫë޹ʲôû˵, Դϵë, ëȫŪ˺ԡ
ŻʣԪѾ۾, ֻԼĥȥˡ
ɳ԰, ر, ŽֵĿ, һܿҵһˮꡣ
＾ǳƻʱ, רϰ˸ֲͬƻӻ, ɽ㽶Ҳһȱ
űһ, ȥ÷ԪԼ, ŷָһһ, ʵ̫ˡ
֪ôѡź, ɴſˮ϶ذһ顣
Աĵӭȥû˵һͱĶˡ
, ҪЩʲôԱͰ͵ʡ
̧ԴһЦҪһ㡣
ץŴӣƻרִԲãÿˮ涼и۸ӣֻΪ۸, ˿ʱԥһ£ƻֻȵʱɵۣƻҪ˽ӽʮƤʮһһСҲҪʮ
ܹҲû٣һپûˡ
ſȼˮֿͰ͵ĺƱӣԼпԪ
ˮʵ̫ˣĶڵѪ
ᵽĿˣʵ̫ˡ
Ӧй԰´͵͵ȥ԰һ㣬Ԫ󣬹һֻԺӦòҪɶ٣ʲôš
ˮֲ԰ȥΪ칫԰οͶ࣬סڸľҲȤشչ
ĺʱ򣬱ؾ԰ŻݵģרƱ˺ܶܶ࣬ʮҾͽˣƽҲЩڳŹ԰Ӫ
ûȥţ˳Ź԰ΧǽǰߣҸʵĵطֱӱԭηɽȥ
û뵽Ÿǰ洫һ󹷷ƺһȺһֻеϤ
ǰûڹ԰￴Żźţ첽ǰһ󣬹˸䣬ȷʵֻڴܣǣֻһֻǳϤǾүߵĴơ
ʱֻȮΧм䣬ֻźףҲǹ״̬ȴҪӺܶࡣһҧͷһҧβͣÿһ˺ҧȻû˿ڳ֣ȴ͸ʱѾֻʣһӰ̫Ҳܲסƺǳǳȼ𣬱ҧ˿ں͹ⶼ˾޴ʹ࣬ҲٹӣҪֻʲôҪʧˡ
ƹһ㷴뷨ûУֻƴҪ뿪ͣţСθ
ȴûһȺͰΧסĮȻش߹һŲԴϡ
ƹĹ⿪ʼԾɲͣط֪ڼЩʲô
ֱǰһӰӣƹſڵϵӰ͵Ҳ˼֡ϳ˾Ҫҵһģһζ
üͷʶۣܿûмүӰ
ҲʶãүιΣƹ²ܲûж룬Ѹٵسǰһ߿һֻֽƱ
ؿŬҧסֱԴһȥ
һҪҸȥһطҵģ
ҧֱ۲ɡ
үˣżʡ
¶ˣβͷɿҡ
үһ˾סڼҲû֡
ƹĹȲӰ쵽ƷûУȻҲܱ뵽ľֻҲˡ
԰ɱȴ·ײֻ蹷ֻʱȻƹҪöˣǰȮͺףǲƹһһֱߣֻܱˣɻǱǿ󣬾ͿʼĴ
ƹײʱ;òãϧûжõɢ
ź֪ܿ龭ʱ
̫ϲҲ̫ʲô飬ƽʱСܶرã˺ѱǼΣûŭʱ򣬿Щˡ
걻߿¾ۼ˹̫ǣûжǣǵţʶҲ˿ԳԵĶ

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һϰԴҿ˵ڵСᶼȽжжʲôģܾɡ
ԭǸϳˡ
үסĵطԶŵȫ£ʮӾ͵˵ط
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ǰıϢңţҲûʲôˡ
Ҳܿ췢ѪүģֻɱļĨ˲ӣԼĪĨ̫ӳһ·ܵ˿Ѫһء
үźˤģŻǴӿŵ˵ڶŨζ̰ܳŭš
ҿһۣҲ˵ϢͣʱڿҪһЩ
򵥿һᣬ԰ûм۲ȥ֪ȥҪҹٸӦûйٸˣ̫׸ȥ˭
ƹݺүߣһֱͷϵѪϧѪһ㶼ûʧ
ŶүʣӦô죿˭
ƹ̧Դһ
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ջƹָʾүڴҵֻǿʽܻҪָƽá
⻹ŵһֻשȥؿãۼĻ޴ͼָζ
ۣⶫᶯͦ档
ָ֪ʲôһ򿪣ֻ˲䴫һУƵԶţŵĻʪع԰ľɫ
̲סɴ۾ֻ￴Լסĵطͦ档
ƹֻ޷԰ΣϽֽһ
ˣ֪ˡŰڰ֣ؽֻݹȥҲ֪ô绰ӦðزˡŽֻŵƹǰ
ǹԼôƹ볯¶ıˡ
צֻϣצֱӴֻ
֮ǰŵʱүûϲʱҲֻСһʾԻƹ֪򵥵ֻġ
һָ£˳ͨ120
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ȻֽŴ˱绰үˤԸǸѲ˹ϵ
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绰֮žʹ뿪ˣ֪Ⱦ˿϶Ҫѯ龭йӴ
ʱ䣬ԪҲҪѹˮ˦˦ȥ㻵ˡ
СƣţȻȥˡ
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ԪŲŲһƨסߣ÷ˣôܶһֻ࣡
ѪΪѵؽ͵
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׾ۻǸǮһܼʮûӰӵǰˣ֪ۻ۷֮󣬸տʼװͼͺã½飬ܾ;ݣŮһۻҪǮ
ۻ۲ϸ׾ĥۻۿסΣԷõǮʧһ󣬻ٻԵΪûʲôá
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㣡ҵʱӦֱӴ㣡ſֱ֣ӳү粽ȥҪȥһ֡
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ƹˣŬ˻صߣؿ﷢΢ӰһһƮɢҲˡ
ү˲ѹʧȥʲôǳǳҪĶһ߿Χ֪ԼЩʲô
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ſңҾǰǮȫˣҲõһ֡
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үϵͷ˳ûг嶯ǰǸҽԺı˻ʿֻ˾绰
ո뿪ľỹûߵҽԺſھ͸Ͻܡ
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⻰ö׺ۻͬʱһ㶣ױһ仰ֱըˡ
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ܿսּһ죬˼ûסף˺ݣһҪүүܲ죬ܿͱ׷ˣǸ׳ֱ۸߸ߵسԴȥ
ͷϴ˿ֱֻһ飬˺ǽϣžһ죬ֱ۶Ҫˣһʱʹ
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׿˵ӣڸвǱΪܰѵҡ
һף죬һȥ
־ڽۻ۷үزүһ·϶Цݣֽץ֡
ۻ۲ˣȴûɿ
ŵɢһɵζζһ飬˻ķԪ
ûмֱͣӷɻ˹԰
Ԫǰվȴ
䵽ǰЦҪ˵ЩʲôͻȻۼؿһۺɫëëϻйɷǳζɫζԲ
ϵЦ˲ʧë׺ˤڷԪϡ
ֻ˭
лҪ˵ϼԻӳٵʮһӰɣ֮¡
˸Ԥרȷɡִղһ£ڵĿӶ


23 
ŶԼСû˵, ʲôܰͰƴǡ
ǰæһ£ĶԲУ
ײҵôһʳǸ, ܵԳԺܶܶꡣ
ÿ첻ȥԪʳΪʲôΪԵֵܳ, һ㡣
, ˵߾͹ߣܣ붼룡
Ԫˤë, ë˺һᡣ
ûб, ͷβûб
΢ָһ㣬ųȥʱͼԭΣȻ, Ŭ˰ĽֻŬһëԭɫ, ƫƫ˸ۺɫ
Ԫпԡ
ڵ, ҵǰĺڼʯһһشҲͣΪ, һƤһȦ, ֻ񼸺һë޵Բ
ٱըԵԪڿˣң֪
ų̧һЩţ֪ú˵һ飡
ʵԼѰ, ë, ӵзۺɫë԰Ǽ, ټԵζ׾Ŀ꣬žû, ŷԪԼ͡
ûעԼڵģץڴԭڱʿܳɷ
ԪСеɰ
̵ŶһˣһȺɫ񾭹ʱСĵġ
˵ǱȸͦС࣬ȺҶҶʱũԺ͹԰Ƥ۷۵ģ൱ɰ
԰ȷʵôȺС񣬺ܻϲҶ䲻¶ͷһе紵ݶѸٷˡ
Χ˰죬һƬҶӳ俴Ⱥһʳ
зɫëĶųŷԪٿȺûǰ;ġ
˲
ǵôԪһ£ͦţظԪǰˣұȱǲܸˮҲչô
ԪЩԵ⻰һͻȻӦڸֻиõѡ
˲ЦãǴǰҲûѡֻʵɵĿɰ
Ԫܸоʵָʼӿ죬һָܻ꣬ʢʱڡ
ûб粵ʲôֻЦӦá
Ӧ˲ŷһŽƬë˳ȥ
øСһͷԣ˷ӣԼ뿪ԪǿƻûжģϽ˳һſժƵǰ
ѣɹˣϲ´Ҷ㡣
ԪžͰסצӱʾˡ
ˡ
ͱˣžʵֻķҲûжǮ㹻һˡ
ϸպʣµˮԪĳ򣬶˽ȥѺãֻԴ¶
ԴŷԪһëëϣһһ׿һ𣬿ȥ쳣г
Ԫ˯˯ˣѯʲô¡
˵㾫񣬽ҽԺϸһ飬˵ƹʧʱЩп
ɵͶ̥ģҲ±ӻͶ̥ˣɢʲôûˡ
ԪߵɵӣЩЦ밲οһ£΢΢֧ϵϸὫ
ѡѡôʱѾԤϵ˺Ϊϧ
ֹҲûпϧ
繫԰ɺܶ࣬ϣΪʲô⣬бѵæµ԰ﲻͣѲߣЩͺڲҲ˰·ˡ
췼ҲûʱϢһֱɨοӵԺͲݴйľе
ͷ˺õûô죬һֱûˣñӺٸ˽Ƚƺ˵֢߿˵ԾɺԵˡ
˶˲ԣȴ˵ʲôֻʲôûӡ
԰նһЩһ˶۵У԰ֻϲصؿŽƱ룬Ÿ԰ʾһֱά˵ʵӯԺüˡ
԰Ĵֻŵͷ
գԲһЩȴҲԾæ˸ǺһȺɤӶˣҪֹοͲҪľҪҪԽΧͼˮҪҪץҲҪͼ
ЩȰ⣬ǻҪæѰʧѰҺӣеͼοͻҪͣ·ϵĳʲôĳʲô
ԱڵĹǺҲŵùǺ
ǰοͲʱ򣬹԰󲿷ʱ䶼ͦÿɵԼĵʳûʲôУҲùڻҪһ±ţڵϣҲվڱȽϵ͵֦ϣܺӣܻᱻ׷һ
ϲڵʳĶŵһ춼û
n_ſԼмҲܻأںӱʯͷ϶£ΪһֱԱһ춼ûŲһǰn_һ춼ûлؼңˣֻںӱߴȥ˶࣬ʱ׷ƨɺ棬ŵëȫˣҲĲʳڻڶŶӡ
˰n_ҲߡɽͿʼ󺰴УŵһСȺʳĺ÷ȸʳﶼˣɵ̫һֻȸ֦ε˷ɲˡ
ŸȥɽϣһȺɽȵǸֻ˵СֻСͨɫβֹȷǳȻĺɫرһİɫߵ㣬÷ȸҲ
۲޴󣬴񸹰׶βûôѤõɫ
ʱֻƵĴһ಻ʱָ˳һë¶ᣬ˵޷ܡ
ΧһȺˣóһģ˷ܵ˵ʲôⶼϴת
ֻɫƯ
ǣúÿ
иñӱŴϹʵʵ˴յŮǰҰëҪֻҰɣҳա
˳ͨͨҲʲôرĵطĴεı͡
ŵĽǶܿѹһȺЩʲôƷֶУſͷмڼϻץֱۺȵģȺ췢˭Ҳ졣
ԶԶȥֻ˶ֽһӰУ˼ĸо
Ů˵Աһ˸ǹ԰񣬿ɲۡ
νֵ̯̯ûб˿Щɢģһֻһֻû˷֣͵ԼߵĲôǮ׬ɵӡ
óɶֻԱֵ
´һۣԷЩ࣬òͬлǰʿǲ˵
Ů˻ͷ˵һۣҿɲȱһǮһ㹫ĶûС˵սŲӿԶˡ
ŵһͬ鱻ץˣؾҪǰȻͬ顣
ķֳڸһңȫ궼зֳʮ²ҲУʮңһ¡
һѣĸѣʳû뵽ճܵľźʹ
סֻȻȥչ˴ԼȺ೯ǰߡ
ܵŵεĵز̧ͷӦһû˵ĳҪ
ŸϽȱ𶯣úˣ
ڰշţǸñӵʱʱǻ񿴵һ񺮣оϵë񱻵һһۡ
ü˱󣬻ʲôһʱص㲻ԣࡣ
³ų˿
Ůһ·ɽҵѲӵ԰ﱣ񽻸һߵлһ߽ӹöԽ֪ͨ˶ܿƵͬ£ܿͱתƵҡ
˵Ĳأǲˣе΢ۣùͷûжϣָһʱͺˡ
񱻰óſΪ׼Դһֱա
ŵ඼뿪ǰͷһë֮䰲Ķ
ҵżҴʳɥ˵
һչ˺ģúˣžۡ
˱̫˿ҲֱӰָֻɹȥһ΢˿ϣһ˿ڣָĿһ㡣
ų뿪ķȥ
ͬ࣬һȺеܣһӼ˵ĵһ۾Ϳʼͣð޲ֱ˺˶Է
Ѿܶûŭˡ
һȺͬŵģ֮䶼̫ʶۼŮİ񽻸԰ˣһǧ˶Щ̫ˣֹһǰǻ˼ɫãɢһߡ
ϸת
߷ûؿһۣôл
ûʲôʪع԰䣬԰ռغܴƫƫûʲôŹҲϸһ·żأʪΧȫɽûȫǼأкܶ©
һֻƷ಻ǧ򣬾һһеˮҲԸ⻨Ǯ԰ڡ
лΥ֪ı˭ôùץԼͷˡ
ЦЦϸͬˣе㣬Ʒһ㣬￴񳤵öȻƷֲࡣ
߷ɫԻյСϵа취ŪĻһ
ǰˣ԰ֻİ취ˣеΣգ㲻£
Ǹû
һô˲׹ֱۣû£У߾Ͷˡ
˺ܿתƻ⣬ʪȥרҵһǰ̸˭벻Ǵʲô⡣
ں潫˵Ļû˵ҲǸĸɻóȣʲô϶Ǻ¡
԰ʵﶬʱ԰Ϳʼ֪ͨο뿪ˡ
Ⱥȥߺһһ԰οͼʱ뿪
߷ʪرתһȦ߻ɽϣһֱɽϴתĴҿ·ڲ鿴һżԴһֹûʲôġ
ûʱʱ̶̿ˣһЩʱǵĶ򴫸Լ
ȥûסܳĶ˵һһֻ񷵻š
һֱȵ԰ʱ̵뿪˹԰ʱҲŪʲô
ؿ˵ıӰ졣
ǹգĩʢ٣ˣҲȴǰɡ
Ա˿¶Ц֪Щ˶Ǵϱ֮󣬶ȥӪݺݿ䣬ӹ԰ƱҪģǵĹҲήˡ
ŵ͵͵԰飬һҹûô˯ã֧ţκη紵ݶ̽ͷһۡ
û˯ԪҲûô˯ٽʱ֣һֱڴǷԴһһϿԪһֱ̧ӽԴ˽ȥ
ʱѾˡԺ˸ſԼڷԪ£Ӧûôռ
̽ԴһŷԼֻиԴ£Ѿˡ
ԪֱʲôߣŶûпȥ
ʳﻹͦ飬ǽܿ컯ȫҪ׽
һůźһֱθеǰԵԪëʱĸоֻζëζáƺʲôȵĶŶ֫ٺתƮ
ǰĵȫָһЩЩ
ҰƷζ˺һᣬ۾ԽԽ͵˷ԪϣȦĲӽԼƴҡ
ҳԵĵʲôҡ
ԪεβȣµĴҲڸŻζ
ˡԪ콫ǰС౸ҧסڵϣֻ˵һ䣬ǺóԵĶẦ㡣
ŻЩʲôԪſڣ浽˼ûбİ취ֻܲĵա
Ԫ߿·ˡ
Ҳˣ߷һ԰ǷС
˶ǱˣŽѾȥˣųġ
Ŀĺȷֱɽ϶ȥ콪߷ıӹˣ֪涼װЩʲô
ȹ껹Ҫ΢ӰҲ΢΢԰Ȼܵˣرǽ߷壬ᵽ˼빥ĵز
̤԰С֮ʱͲʱͷɹžǻҰɫҺ¡
߷оͷʲôһ£̧һһʺϡɫѿһϲ˲䣬ûвɾ֣־ֱʲôһ£̧ͷһֻҶжﾭ
£ʲô⣡
ֻЦϸôܻӭ
߷ҧгݰ죺
⻹ֻǿʼ֮һ·Ͻ߷ͷ˳ʺһ㣬ߵɽʱѾȫܿˣ˼εҲԶԶܿһ
ǻˣ񵽵ô£߷屩׵԰
üǲǸʲôǲô㣬ǲж
߷Դϴ˼·ûصģһװᱻϳġ
Ϊʺ˽ûڹ԰̫þͺܿ뿪ˡ
ĿǵıӰվ֦ͷԼ̲࣬סЦЦһ뵽Ͽܻᷢ£ܿЦݡ
ҪҪ԰£ǰһ£
Ϊݾߣʲôû
ӦҪúչżնִԼϴΣȥ˲ֲӴڷĴ
ʵҲôæȺʳʱصضһЩ͸ֻԣչˣﻹ˲ûʳ
ż״ԷģְһͨŻѡ
ֻǻȴû￴Ԫƽʱ״򲻶ļȻˡ
԰תһȦҲûҵ
Ԫܻᱻʲôߡ
һһӦǣĴˣ


24 
ȷϷԪ뿪֮, Ժоʣһ⡣
Լô
Լסëķιʳ, ϲˮ뾡취ȥˮ
ҲûԼˣǶ޶˼ë, ëë޶˻ֲܳʹģΪ뿪İɣ
Ҳƺת, Ԫǰ, ܲӦˡ
תԪԵĶѵǰı
һƨųͻȻЩѷһ, ʼԼĴռ, ȥһЩճƷྐྵȻȫëëһų߾Ʈһëë, ֿ°ٸ
֪Ȼ޶ôë
ǰʳԴߣЩëëԣԺ󶼵ÿ, һһ
˵һëãʮһϸϸռ
û׷ԪΪʲôͻȻ뿪ȥ, ޳ɾ, ҲסʲôҪҪȥ
͵һ, ܾûǺܸжɡ
ëëڿյû˷ԪůĴܲϰ, ѻٸĻȥ
㶯ֵʱһž޴ĺɫӰӴһƨԴϡ
ŸԴϴůУб޴ľϲΧ
Ĵַɻˡ
һԴϵĺڼ˷ܵתȦת÷ԪҪˡ
ѵסΣͷԼֱĪС౾ײ
ȥˣһΪ㲻Ƕ𲻴ˣԴʣȶӻС۾档
Ԫ㲻ϣߣ
ǵȻˡȻص
ڶ컹ûûʱ򣬵ȵѩ϶ǳ䡣͸оˣڵĶȴǰҪ伸֣ɾҲǲϲ졣
οԪĴʳôܷߡ
ֿ϶ģԪ̲סЦһ£ãʱ뿪
ʱ㻹Ҫߣ
ţҪѰҵĸĸ
ԭֻиĸ3ǿǺüٴͰ
ĵصģҰһң
ԪЩжֻСȻɵȴϣҡҡͷллˡںԶԶĵط磬Ҳġ
ƤסǾ˵ĸĸܶˡԪҪȥѾˣѵ˵Ѱ
ôУҪ뿪ԣѰԲС
ʵҲҲǲУԪþˣֻת˶εسëģëôóԣ϶ζҪˮˡ
ԾԲ÷Ԫδ֪ĵطѰҲҪԼܿļĵطܼʱߡ
ŬԼСС۾ظ˵Ҫһ㣬ԲʳԣҺģ϶ܰæ
жԼѰҸĸҪǼʣֻС౵ʵûŵĻϣֻΪ¶Ĺкж
ĿĵĹж˵ǳ
Ǹɵ񡣡ԪֹԴһӦãлл㡣
Żų򣺡˵ʲôлӦõġ
ʵոȥˣ
תת
ΪָһЩԪѾɷˡһֱڹ԰֪ﲻԼȴûúÿ磬ǸովȥתһȦѾҵˡ
žǳȥʲô˽ˣҲûٶʡ
ʧãĶȥԴһ˷Ԫֻ¶һ˫۾档
ο࣬ӰҲˣûֻ״ѵðƬ̡
翪ʼƲ߶ѻԽԽ࣬ɫЩҡҶۼҪ£û԰ʱο;ǰ뿪ˡ
Ųȷ߷˻᲻ˡ
һֱ߰˵㶼ûֻзڲͣʾԼĴڸС
ŵѴøߣ֦ҡҲһΣԪϵëëȫ
ͽԴ£ϵķԪɽԭأӳ̽ԴԴ˳ë˲䱻צ۾Ҫˡ
ô󡣡ɪһ£ϽԼ˻ȥ
ڷԪ֫ѵëϲ˺һŲһ£䲻䣿ŵסô
Ԫӷдԣû¡
Ųһɣ̫˻εͷΡȻԪȣ֦ȣھһȥ
Ԫͷ˿һۣ΢䱧
ҲûгŲһ²֦Ѿϣһ㶼Ρ
˯š
ѾеˣϢܹɣһҲûҹ䲻ֻ˯
㲻ϢԺʣʵ̫ů̫ˣ˯
ʱá
ǺãϢ֪ͨҡ
һֱ˺ҹƲԽԽտ˿϶г·ӳճĵططʲô
Ҳµĺʱ
߷ŵŹ԰һţ·԰СɽΧסȽ٣·϶ûмأԶһյ·ƣ·ƻƵĹղƬط
߷ͷϵļٷΪ˶صش˼ٷ˺ӻ·ϻһЩˮ
е䣬·ССϵȥҪ꣬Ѱˡ
ŵصİɣ꣬ǻкüСʱطȹˣ϶ȥϵо飬Ҿˡ
߷ȷʵһֵطǰȥɽ֣Ҳ±˷֣ǴӱģǿƷܺõһԼץֵļ̫ˡ
Ҳ۲ˣи֣ʵûסŸŹ
˰СʱһֱߵһΧǽ԰ǽĺܸߣطȴЩ⣬԰֦࣬Ѿǽﴹ֦˳ȥ
ֱָȥͽɽˣС㣬ļ⣬ñܿץס֮нӦֱӰѶͳȥٿֳȥͺˡ
Щǰģ㲻˵һ顣
߷Ĭصͷһץȥ
ˣ綼ֻʣصķҶҲ֪ΪʲôҹﾹȻⰲһжûУ·һƬУ˿ĳҲûС
ϵܣܾе㲻̫ԾôһжûУǲ̫˵㡣
ʱѾ˳԰ˣվϳԶȥϧɫã԰ɵмյ·ƣطҲһƬڰʲô
ѹһ˿ĲСҹģϿҪˣسû˺̫࣬벻뷢ˡ
߷û˵ʲôںһ߿ŵͼһ߳ɽȥ
˶ûע⵽̤빫԰˲䣬˫۾Ѿεض˹
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԰ɽ䲻ߣҹûй⻹ǳߣ㽫ڲϵҹ۾ǰ濪
ߵĳһ֮óһСɵװ÷һ֦ϣⶫ񣬷źΧһЩӺֲӡ
һжϺϰһ£ֻ˲䷢һΩΩФС
ֽܷܶ٣һֻɵ֮ûпչ֣൱á
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ȫ֮ʱҲŹȥ˲Сʱкܳһʱ䡣
ǰ׼óһ˯ȥһɾҪ˯ȥ
߷廹ǵһμģɵضߣϵܣˣ
һۣô죬ģ϶иӦֻҪײȥҵֻͻ֪ͨʱȥץͺˣܾã˯һᣬȻû
߷ֻһ˯£Щȴֲ֪ԼڲЩʲô
˯ºͷζֻȻ뿪Ϣݸ˷Ԫ
ź˯ź󣬷Ԫͽӹϴλã԰Ҳ֪ΪʲôǳֻԿһЩſ£жв
ǻϢʱԶԶأ߶£ҲɵԪǰųѣֱӾܾǿֻҲ˿
ϴʵ̫ˣǴϴܰȻ˿Ӱ졣
Χ಼ọ̈̄ԪֱӽǸϳȥ˼Ƭ̺־ף֪ķǷֻǲôǡ
Ծڴֻܿ˯ˣ˳ŷƮߡ
߷ȴôҲ˯ţͣطȥ˯̫̫Ϣˣؿڵ϶ѹʲôһƵܣȫ
߷ЩܲˣҪȥ˯ʱ㵵طԼˣ彩ӲһľͷԷָʯ󺣡
ɴ۾ͷӰҡҷֻ񣬶ԣֻǰ衣
֪￪ʼһУŽԽԽԽԽܼӵĽһ𼸺̴ܴ˵ĶĤԽ߿簧ˡ
߷뺰Աߵ㣬ûôô
ҲκǰӰӽˣȷʵһֻֻǰɣս˿ܷЩ϶ȾѪЩѪʼ䣬ëë춼ǣë˽߷ϣŵһ£۾ܣʲôˣֻЩûëһֻֻصϣһƤġ
ۣƤ˺ˣҲһ˺Ѫƺ۵ÿҪܲˣ߷Ϊ־
Ҫĥһһƣ°ŲŲ۾źݺݵشۿС
һ˻ɽ
һʵ̫ˣڰ칫ֵıˡ
԰ҹֵ࣬棬ǰûгʲô£һϰҹһ°ҹ
ڸ°ҹûã˲Ž˰࣬ţû˯죬һӴӼ״һԵ
ûһҽУ
ˣɽǱߴˡ
ôôѵοڱ԰û뿪
˶һۣһʱҲû͵Եķȥ룬ֻǲοû뿪
ȥ
˴ŵֵ͸Ͻɽȥ
߷ĽԶıˣɾŵȴһ˿ûҪ˼
ʱƺΣźȣ˺ϵ·˯µ·˸ⲻʼ˺˯û˯ͱȫˡ
ڳʪĵϣҹҵع·̾ȣ俪Ҷʹ
߷ҽ֮ǰӰʧˣԾɽӲ޷ֻת۾ȥڣĶԽԽ̲סȥԾû嶼Ҫˡ
߷ýҹһж̫Ծʵ̫ˣ뿪
ౡ
֨֨
ٴ𣬽߷һϻĸоڣٿһǿֲһĻ۾
һβû˵Ƥ⣬߷岻֪ȥ˶ãȵĿ־оʱ䱻ǹһôá
ֱһǳ⣺˭
ֵͲǿ䵽ϣ߷ʶرϣûȣǰ˾
ʲô
ΧΧĴֵ֮ΧܿڼϷ˼װã쿴ǲﻹʳ
͵Եģţɵصֱ绰԰ű˾
ǰûĽ߷˼ûŵһɧζͷһ͵Եϱ൱Ź֣˯һɧζأһֱ֮˯һˡ
ţ˾֮ҲæŸտ͸о²ȵʲôĶϽֵͲɨȥһƬ׻¶Ҷէһ·һʬ屻⡣
ţһΪǽ߷ɱʬ⣬̽Ͻһߣ˻ţ˿Ͻ˴Ҷ
ʱ˹һ˿ʼ£촽ɷףƤûɫ
ô£ãȻؿˣתͷĽ߷壬ײãˣܣֱ֪̫ˣһʹֱӱ˰ڵ
ǣƾʲôץǣ¶Ӫô
˯ǰصѡ˸ЩԶĵط㱻ҲԽ˵͵ð¶Ӫģôû뵽µЩԼΧ
ţһϣƾʲôƾǷǷ񣬾Ȼ⵽ǹ԰ˣ
ſΧܵͱɷ׵ɫ˼֣ôҲ벻Ϊʲô
ô⣬԰ġתͷܣȷʵ˯ǰѡĵطЩӦóġ
ţЦ㻹ȥģ˵ȥɣץôǱˡ
һϸŷϾȻճ˺ö񣬴ԹƲʮֻ
ˣŽȥЩҵ̧ߣһʱҲŪֻ֮ܵ˰æ
ͷȥԼڵϵֻֻ޷Ӧһ֪ͨû
ųɽߵʱﻹڲֹͣôܣģΪʲô
ͣͷȥô벻׾ΪʲôŲλá
һ͵ؿץˣǲŲģǵִ
ţȫ˵ЩʲôֻǶɵˣô
òشתͷȥ߷壬ɽ߷ʼճĬ
ǱŲģЩԼģԼǷõĵطģ
߷ȶӶһ£ţۼֿץסҪɽϹȥˡ
ǵģǹɵģ߷ɤӺ
йˣۿģ
ţһۣˣһɵӡ
ϣϢؿԶȥԲػصԼ


25 
԰ӵ绰ʱ˶µġ
绰춼ǲ԰ֳ, ƺ³µļߡ
˯£ֱŴ¾˹԰
컹ûǷԵ˱, һĬ֣һŲܾԲܣŶ̫ӡ
԰ţ˵ľ˵һ¡
Ǵǽⷭģûĵ
԰ָļ©, ͷȥ֦ضϡ
ʲô, ģ
ţҡҡͷ֪, ôʶڣһе, һֱ˵йʲôġ
԰һ֣Ī뵽ү, һ¡
ǹ԰ǲй˶첲ļƤ, ԰ܿظȶйֻ԰Ҳûκζ⣬æְæץסǷԵ, ѹҪġ
ܿ쵽, һ, һɽ
ɽ, 滹סЩ񣬵øϽ
ţװžɽ, ȥŷĲû̫ɽϣһ׵ĵط
Ҳ֪ǲţĴܾǰɽʱֶࡣϽϽȡ, Сذ
ľ춼һô࣡
ȻûбߣЩȫ˷֤ݡ
ţһ߽һ˵ֻǴֻǺβ𶣬⼸ֻ񡣡
԰аٷ֮ʮǱȽϳΣʣ°ٷ֮ʮʪΧϡ࣬ûлЩϧϣ԰Ҫˡ
쿪ֻԱ¼񱻾Ǻðȥˣţ£Ȼ°ֻ
Щͷôץô
ײ䵱̲ܺסߴߴΪԼ粵
źץ
ҪΪؼ꣬Ϊסң
ǲ֪жȻ²ǣСҼסˣ
Ȼ˵ʲôûʲô£Ƿŷ֮ͽ߷ıһ˰칫¥
ɽϵ˽һСʱһѾ˱¼
߷忴һֱѿɫ࣬һԼŵǾ̲סˣʲôŵ
㻹ȥϧѾûˡ
֤ȷ䣬ֱӱ˻ȥ
ȴȥˣҪϵĻҪ鷳ˡ
԰˸Ƿ׵ӦõģҪܴ绰԰һȫϡ
ȵ˶֮԰Ͻţ
ûˣѾˡ
ǾͺãεҲһѵɽϺΧǽⶼҪװϼأҲöһѲ߲С
԰߶ţţļ򣺡ĺܺãµ׸Ǽӽ𡣡
˵ʱһ˷ܡ
ۼ˳ƿȫ̵ķԪջĿ⣬Ծ˯СౣҲű۾
Ÿջָһֽȥ˴룬δǱ
һ˯˴ʱž¸ͣ͵شӷԪĳ³ԴΧһµʡ
ףˣأ˯ͷˣ
Ԫĵһʱ͸˹ǰһ̧Ϊס͵Ѿץˣ鶼ˡ
ˣʲôʱģô֪𾪣۾ɳڶ
Ԫϸ˵һ飬ȻԹԼЩ
˾˾ͱץˣҲ˳
ߵػӻӳ򣺡˾ҪеӦǻãץס񶼺ô
ûˣġ
Уܵôţϴĵȥοһ¡˵ֱӴӷԪ³˳
ԪͷͻȻһĳĪе䡣
£򣬾ͼѾȥ۷˻ǳ緹
˵ٴηˡ
Ԫ۷ԱߵˮԻ˿һسѻͦ
껹£ԽԽƣ԰һǳǳİִ죬ֻûдʳȫûοͶʮ֮ˣֻгľӰʦ͹ڡ
Ų֪ҹץЩ԰תһȦһ߷һ౵š
̻Ӧкһصɡ
ڹ԰һȦ첻ֹ˺ûӰƽܻĳҲֻ򾱻ˮ˳ڵ䶯
ʳŷ˹԰תֵܿͣһũóг
ֵ϶ɫɡûע⵽رˣСųгʵһˮûմΪӣĨĨͷϲڵˮΡ
гֱô´꣬˵˲ࡣ
ź׾ҵ˰ڷһ͵ĵ̣ӦоУС׸춹ڶƶ
űһȥСܼӲ͵ģû뵽ѡô࣬ʱˣۻҲ֪ĸźá
ϰѯʵŮôǼõ峣ף󷹿ˣһ£ɢװģ㿴ſžӨ
ʶͷͷףȷʵܲ
Ǹõã̫ϸˣ˵óԡ
һɡ
ϣһʮ
ʹظǮһʮؿڼϾҪߡ
ũóгĹܿʱֱͻȻһˣͷһǸе̡
ǮŷŵĶϣһȻػ˻ָŮ㰡ϴڰӵſڼôװڸסôô֪ס⸽ס˭Ҷ죬ƺû°⻧
ҡҡͷ̵ڸ
Ŷڻ԰СǱ߰ɣǱ߳еĲ˿ûũóгʣˣӡǮЦŵ
ҪϽȥҲûи˵Ĵ㣬׾ҪߡǮҲ𶬹ϸں棬ߵſڣ껹£˿ûмСơ
Ҫ壬Ǯһסһɡô꣬ûɡôȥá
£ǮֻһɡԼûˡ
õңҿһѣסýֱͻͺˡԶôȥʪˡô䣬Сöഩ㣬Ȼð˿ô죬ǻʱ򣬸ð˿ɶˣþ㡣
߶߶˵ţȫǶ˵Ĺġ
ųĬһûдϣȴҲûнɡֱӿ׳
Ǯž㵵سǰѾͷ
ƮָϽ˻ȥ
Ŷλ˵ǮŸйٲôãŵ˺ܸӵζһŨҵĺ⻹Ǻǵĳζʵ̫ˣǺֻԶһ㡣ʵһμʱע⵽ˣֻʱζǿҡ
ֻǸƼˮѣŲûзϣ׼ѵԼĴռͱɽ˹԰
һ׿Ŷֵ࣬ÿֻͷϾͺˣ԰ﲻȫֲʳԵ˰ʱ䰤͵˶Էÿֻ͵Ķ࣬ˣһֻʱһҲȫˡ
ź˿վСǶ񴵲ʺƨ
ƮƮȻ꣬ͻȻоﲻ̫ԾӦСܹԼģôȫ˹ÿζСͳԵģȥСǻܺõôϰ֮óιɣ
Լ̫ŷʡ˺һᣬԺɲ̫ˡ
ʵĵǶģÿ͸ǵʳҲһٵʱڶһٶǾǸӲͣСǻǵÿԼȥʳҺڡ
ëŷɻ
Ԫ˼ѣΪС౺ܻܿû뵽һȾ͵ȵ硣
СһЩȴԾ¡
ԪûһԪΧγһܽζγȥջָһʵȫףֻܱ꣬ˮëˮ飬رϸ΢Ʈɢ
ȼյ¯һһֱð̡
Ҳ꣬԰֣ע⵽״
ԪվĴһ³ſĳֱӽԲ״Ѹڸ˸ɾˮ꿪ʼһֱάɡ״ûˮν
Żǰһһ˷ܵ£ůĸ֫ϡ
˯ʱԪսůаȫСڻҲ£ССĳһ¡
սһ㣬з硣
ԪһһԾ֧š
ʣԷô
ˡ
˵֮Ԫͷһ£ƺûôųԶҲǰԼʳʱһЩ
Լһ£ſ򣬵ͷһŵСιȥ
ɵͻȻожֵߣʶſ죬ͱʲôĻеϤûƷʲôƷͻůʧ˶
ָоƷܶˣϴëιߵ֮ǰԹĶҪֿڸиá
͵۾ﲻס߶˱ˣ͵޶ԪëëԵ϶ˣȻô֪Լϲ
ǲǺѵǸ֪̽ով͸³ˣڶ˶ʲô²ˡ
ҪҪѲصЩëëͻȥɶ޶ֳȥˡ
صǣ᲻ã᲻ãôóԵëëأײһ㴢
Ҳ̫ˡ
εֺٵأѹ۾ȥԪʲô顣
Ĭ˺һᣬ۾͵͵гһ죬̧ͷ۲죬ַԪû¶ӣû˿仯·ո·
ԷܣܷԪ֪ԼëܺóԲιģûз͵޶ëë¡
ڶԷԪԽԽˣٷ֮ٲǼëûζͿڸУѵʲô˵еľ֣
ԴͷתһȦһȦżʶ٣ʵ벻ʲôֻա
һֱ˰ϻһҶ
ſŷԪ磬ʱ֣һȺµȴ°ĹԱһԡ
ҹץ˽ͽԼϵ׶˸ɾ
˵߷忪ʼϣζƵϣ˵ȫҲԼģǰûиɹ¡ĹǺ˲ɳ
֮˴ǰȷʵʶʱչϵġ˶ͬһֹǸйء
Ǹӣϵرĵȥ񣬷ǳо飬ץٱ֮ǰͱĳͨǸӷõݺȫǼٵġǰݣҲ֪ôģ࣬Ҳ仯֤ϵƣһֱûϳ
ݱ֮ͲٱʲôֱӽԼ¶
߷ȴʼճĬ˴ҹҧ֮ʲôҲ˵
ãӽʱ߷˯ˣ˵˯ź󺰴вҪɱңǹһʲôˡ
߷ǸмˣвҲԼרŰ˸ɽͷֲ԰˲
иþŰȼĳһ㽫ëιС˿ڣڵѪһȥɣɺֱɲ˳Ե
񱾾СԵ֮ʲô֤ݣô궼ûб֡
ԼԵֻпܸ࣬ΪܶѾǵˡ
ҲƷֵ֣ǮĶתˡ
԰һȺԽ۾Խôô̬˴ڡ
Ծ˾ȻŰ̬ɣѹֻһֱй϶ǱŰЩˣǱģ
Ҳһ±ëѪȻ˳Եĸо
ţļԴӢһǼʱˣȻǹ԰ɾҪˣ֪ᱻôԴء
ţ˼ͷԼһɤӣȻҲûô׷
ǫ飬ôǸлǡ
۲ͣ԰ͣߣ°ˣԴˣ
ſǻ䣬βͳѾӹԱҹľ徭Ԫ˵ʱ©ĲҲˣ϶зԪֱʣȻ˵ô졣
Ժ
ͣˣҲȫԪվƺڵӴ̬ɣչ̬쳣ţëԼй֡
ŵһʱûǷԪȻôֻվΪԪʲôˣս˲ŷ⾹ȻǷԪ
ע⵽ԭβܳһļҪܶ࣬ʹֻСĿȸ¡
˿ܻһÿſʶ˿ڿˮ
ô֪ö񫡣
Ԫβֱͣض̶̵ӡ
ſϧ죬ûˡ
ԪһֱԼƨϴתԽһ䣺ûлָβֻ
㱾嵽ʲôŶܾˣ˵Ǽ־е㲻̫ԡ
ҡԪıʵûʲô˵ãûԭе̫ز¹ϣԼȫָ˵
Żβͣ²ѵǿȸûкڿȸĲҲ̫ˡ
Ӷ̵ķԪ
һҼǵֳβͼʲôԴëɫԲϣǻͦġ
˵˵ȥƲˡ
Ԫ˵Ǽɡ
лҪ˵˵˵


26 
һֱ, ʪģԱһʱڱԹԼùˣ·Ӷǳ
԰˸ˣ֮ǰҪ塣
ȴ˿ûӰ, ʼո, ϵĳҲ¿յһ, Чһ
Ҫ֪꣬ÿʼתʱͻʱһʳռ, ˯һֱ︴ʱŻ»Ծ, һߡСǳ£Բ¶ͷ
޳ɾ˻䣬˵ܶ, Ŵ𣬸ֽʱ˵Լǳ
Ҳһֱ겻ʳС֮ͻԾˡ
ϷҲȵӣʱҲһ£ҲбԽԼĪ
۾, һֱΧߴߴ, Ǹ, ʳȽ϶, ﲻȥ, ʲôȽΣա
ͬȺʵҲụ, ٶȿ۲ûΣ, ǷȫźŴݸ
˴ǷȫϢ, ҲụԼյ֪ʶӵĴŰװĳֻӼ˺˰װôû񶼻մӼ˺װķ
ʵҲһӵƶȣӵͬʱоˣҵʳʱῪģʳѳԴӶ³
Ŵȥֻ̫ܵˣ޷Ƚϡ
첻ڵڷˣΥĴ̫ͷտͨ͸ơ
ǰ꣬԰ıֻˮɨһɵ⼸ķҶõǣҲǡóһƬӵһƬƣ԰ⶣ·Ҫɨοա
û԰˹ﱧŸרҵҲû涫ֱӰڵϸϴ
ˮƽǾŮѵ̹ģǿǿľһο԰ľɫȷʵܲ
Ǽȥ֮һޣ˱ʾĩҪ򿨡
øԾ췼͵ˡǰ깤࣬û
һʱ˵Ϲϣڼչ˺ӣϣϰ࣬ǰ췼˵ģϹ׷˹԰ſӲֽ˻ȥ֮󻹰˳٣˵岻ҪϢ
ûпһĻһֱڷԪ»ڵأ;ˮȥһΣʱһֱûôЩĶ̬
䴩ú췼ȫ¶ʵʵϻ˿ֿ˲֪ŵ˴ɢѪζ˲ᡣ
Ҫõ·ҪŶ·ûи͸ܻüβˤ
ϴΣڵ췼״̬ˣͷһֱţͬҲͷܿ˿ûҪк˼
̲סüͷֻûʱˣ̫һĨ̬ŵӰʼ֣ŴƬİɫۼһһƬƬƶİƣƴ׹£Ӷʪˮߣˮ￪˶׻
ǨԽĺ졣
ЩҲǲʱܿƵļһֱ߶̫ǲͣˣû뵽һյϲ
յϢ˹¥ϣһĻ׳۾
ֶһʳģ԰Ҳʳˣվ֦Χͷǵëôô󣬿ۡ
վʪ֦Ͻھӡ
ֺر죬ǰǹǻֵӢʺHiBeautiful ducksWhere are you from
ת޳ĲǱӺͲмֱӳһ
ֺƬ̲̫ףļʣǣӱģ
ˣֱתͷͬ߻ë
ֺЩЩ˵طɻ˴ߣίίصҡ
ҲһŲŲɵԶһ㣺ǲѼӣ졣
һֺصȴЩ񾿾Ѽӻϣ˷ܵ˵ϣһصԭöҽ񡣡
ų뽫˦ȥ˵Сţﲻͷ֪˵ʲô
ƭˣö
öˣһ¶㿪סĺ󾱽˱𴦡
еë˳ΧֻĶͷӶصԭôţͬҲһ𡣡
ɲŻǸأӢϵصˡ
Ϸǲһ
ͷ¸ڿտĺϿմ˺Զ
԰ǲʾҲŽлɤŴĸؽиͣһʱӲѣԿۡ
ڻȽϣվںΧ۵οҲָָġ
ãסڸĴүǶͲסɢɢģô죬ǿɿĻˡ
ѽֻô󣬵ʮ˰ɡ
ˣʮһһֻһ塣
ôʣ϶ͺܶ࣬Ŷһҡͷͬص
㿴ֻСҲӣݣ϶ˣСʱζʵͷ
Աһү˰죬˿ڿˮתͷߣ˵ˣȥˡ
ΪȺĵ˳õ˶죬һգǵСǶЩͷԣ֪԰Ⱥ̲סЦ
ǸãԶˡ
һ½½˽ֻ˫ɶԵռ˺һǡ
ĵڴ治òס֣ǽһ󣬽еɤӶ˲ס졣
һЩʵﶨҲ飬һ껹ʮֻ
ϧܾܶҶ쳤ò࣬ʲôϡ棬˹԰Ҳû̫Ч
ΧĶǽ³ʤıȽأʶҲǿڵƳһ۾ûͶȥ񣬳Χ۵ʱϽȥʳ
Ҳȥ˸֣ǣŷԪס죬Ҳ֪ڸпʲô
Ԫëˣ̲סʵҪ˵ʲô
ڣڣһ˵һҡͷ
Ԫ
˵ڣǰôû㾹Ȼôأڵˡ
Ԫ
ԪͻȻȺе㲻̫˳ˡ
ĩĹͣѧУҹҪѧΣһȺСѧһҡ
԰Цúϲ£죬ȻѧŻݼۣ˾ʮǮǸǿԴĵ㣬컹бص̨˵Ҫɷá԰˵ǹ԰ʲôڣڱǹ԰ԽԽá
Ϊֻֻ죬û뵽ʱ½½˲٣ԹƾȻֻ
켸˫ɶԣ䵥ġֺרһĶһֻһλ£°Ҳҡ
Χ۵࣬һԶ콻ԣһ㻥ˮ浹ӳһſģ۶
̽ͷΧһԴ
ǧ꣬һֱҲûҸżͷǰڵʱҲǻ֦չĿȸǿְӥ˲ξʱܸ˵Ҹһпɽʲôˡ
žֻҪԼúͿԼĿɽȫҪʲôż
˲ξץߵʱȥֻĴϣԷܰʱľӥˣֻӥڸ߸ߵϣ»һȺСܣŬɵĵϣӥȫ˵̫С̫ˣԼһ̵ģҲûʲôôɱ࣬Ϊཫɽÿ궼ܶණ
ȳͽŸĻɽ£Ŷȥ鷳ǻʵ̫ˣζȣ¶βƨɺ棬˼ĺеʿʹ򲻹ˣ˲û
ûûҹƴгɣʱѾȥ̫ˣȺˣǿӥҲһצ£Ķûˡ
žúû˼ûжκżͷǶԷܱܶ࣬ٺʶһĶʧˣھʣһ˵ģҲֻʣǰһ
ӵĿ⽫Ԫ´һ飬÷Ԫ޲ڣֻе㷴
мôʡ
Ԫһ£˵ӦˣԼˣĿǰҲ֪˴ˡ
ҡҡͷֻ㡣
ģ̾Ȼ
ȻֶܶĪʧˣҲ֪˯Ƕʱ便츲صı仯
Ҳ벻̫ڳ˯ǰʲô£ʱһƿҪչأǶ죬ȷԼչضãšԽԼȫס˸ֱӽԼһ˽ȥ
չ;ǸӦһЩ𶯣ɽѹһ𶯳˺ܳһʱ䣬ѹȴôҲûгɹһ˯ͳ˰꣬Ѿȫڵɽһǧ׸߶ƲɽСɽǰƽҲһƬʪغ
ŻԼֻ˯˼꣬ҲЩ㲻ʱ䣬ǰӴ̫࣬ݡ
ջ˼ЩеûģųʼճѲӡ
οֶϣҪϴһյǵȡ
ȵĲࡣ
ڸչ磬ƽ췼ȥӺӷѧؼҸ˷ٹ԰ﶼ֪ҵҲĹʱ䡣
ɽ췼ûлȥɨٶȱƽȵŸԼĸķΧ
ҪæȴܾˣҲܾ˶Է緹롣
ڴɨ꣬ƣĨ¶ϵĺֱڽӴʱһʹüͷżĶӣ뵽԰СӦһ¡
԰һпźϵɴֵҪ˺ϱһȴܾ׳˿ϲ֪վ˶ãһͷʱͷ԰ڿһջߡ
ǴӹϸջģƤɹúܺڣָ仹Щûɾࡣ
췼ֶžֱֱǰߣûʲôΧȻҲûվŵˡ
һתͷʱһ۾Ϳǳ췼ݺ˿̣ͷһӣʹ粽ǰһץס췼ֱۣһ˦ȥ
ǣ͵ܳҿǳ˵ˡ
ƵطְˣҿǱСŮˣǲҪ
һ˵һߴ췼ˣ޻ֻ֮ƴԴûвҪˡ
һ죬ǰɣǲǲӽʹ
԰ſ˲٣һĻܿ˲˹עڼƱСܹȥˡ
ʲôס֡
һѽСƵ˵ϣźݾ췼ΧۣȻЩ˷˰ϺʼϽߡ
Ůˣ¼˺ŮܣС˲ؼҡߵǷǵ˵š
췼ڵϷϵʹ̲ס޺
Χָָ㣬ȴûһ˿ǰ
ڱſڲԶСƺܿ캰һ𣬺סˡ
ʵҲʶ췼ϹһֱڹϰשֽһƢܱ꣬һ췼ؼ˻ʲô˾ͻ绰һͨͬ¶֪
췼Ͼˣ֮ǰءȰܶ飬ΪԼҲΪ˺Ӻã췼ÿζֻŵŵصͷʱҲȰˣڹ԰ſڶֻǵһΡ
סԾɲ޵š
ұ˾ٶԡСƴ
ݺݵص޿ֵؽ£㱨ǵļ£Ҳܲš
췼ͬ»סǼźأ췼ߵ˶ӣʱһֱվ
üͷһ·ֻȫϺۼ˾˶һŴĿġ
ѹȶҪų䡣
˿˺̲ס˿ڿһҡ
췼죬ͻȻһ˿Ѫ˶һ
찡пѣ
ܿ120
Լжأֻ췼ԶѣοţôѵǼ¡ߵʱһֱڴֱֲüͷ
Żǵڶһ࣬ϴǴһĽ߷塣
Ԫ֪ʲôʱߣҲ֪˶á
ֻһƬȣ뱻̫˿һȡͷһַԪƺð̣е׺ݣ̧צҪץȥ
ŸϽס𶯣ᱻ෢֡Դҵġ
˵ֱӷס죬һʺʺš
ȻʺԼģǲҪʺģ
չ֮ϳʱĪƽˤһ£Դؿڳϣ۵̲סУ챻סһֶ²
˳֮һСߵλ·ϣֺĵۣ۵ʱ򣬱һֹ˲֪ôһඤϣѾʡ
̶̼֮ڣ˶񱻺ݺһ٣ƫƫпԣߵľ컹ΪڸСﻵУͷȥͷĿڿǣ̲סֺݺϽѵʵ㡣
п˵ɴ۾æ120ȴֻڲƣһףĵͷۻ赹
ſЧصͷԪգգۣԼж
ù˻ܳһʱ䣬󾿾ʲôͲˣ˶ٶ¾ҪԼϳܶٶ
ԪԵ˸ޡ


27 
ҲֺҽԺ򽻵, ԰˵췼֮ûǰһֻ̾òǰ췼˹ʣЩο
˶ֻȰȰ, ޷Ҳ޷벻ҲֻܿԼ̬ȡ
Χ۵οûֿɿ, ܿɢ, ԰ָֻ
Сƣһˤƨ, õ˰ڣƱҺϢ
˺û, ԪƽպٴѵóȻҪͷСܼʶһƬĽɽ
Ҵڹ԰תת, 㻹Ϥɡ
Ԫû˵ܾĻͱһѿ
ǵģϿֿ
ԪƤëëҲͦŨܣŽԼëļطԼʵԪ˵ԼԷɣϧûᡣ
һ߷һ˷ܵظԪܣ԰ҵĵ, ЩȫҵС, , Ҹ˵, Ժ԰Ķϴ, ʲôҪĶֱǡô, ǲǺܴ, 羰ɣ
Ԫ鸴ӵؿ֮ء
޵۹ݵλܸ, ӵԼķأķǺü˾֧䡣
ֻһûмʶĹԾطܴ뵽Ԫ˲ϾҲܹ
ԷôԼĵ̣һ㷴ӦûС
ǷԪŬϸؿȷʵܴ󣬷羰Ҳ
Ÿ˵ЦԴ̧ø߸ߵģ۾ЦгһߣǰɣҸ˵ǰطһƬɽʱûƬʪأɽͷҵĵ̣ɽҰҵСܣʱ໹ҵɽңÿͺܶʳ
ӥ֮󣬿ǾûҲǺ£ӥûþ뿪ˣŵʱŵ࣬ͽµɽ񹩷һݾǺܶܶꡣ
Ϊ˲ξºȺ࣬ȻҲܽǵĹǣ˵ǽʲô鷳ˡ
ʱҲ඼ôᣬӵĶȻҲд֮Щһû£û˹һֻ˻ǰ
ŽӴˣȴĺѣĺ硣
ûסְ˵һһжõʵнɽ
Ųһ㶮δĹϵһζҲһζϲȻǱҪǲԸӴࡣ
ԪðĴʻ㣬ɻʣɽ񣿡
԰һֻ䵱ɽ񣿡һ壬ϵëë켷һ
Ԫϣǣ
Ȼ϶Ȳˡ
չͰ͵٣ԴڿתϴһȦ˸԰ľɫ֮⣬ҪһȻʽʶһ԰Сǡ
ɤӣųŷԪС˵ԺǵĶϴ󣬳ҵĻҲҪĻ֪ô
Сںü֮ǰͱԪˣǾԷԪʱŻҪ£ֱϴÿοء
Ҳ֪ϴôѱϴģȻܽȻϴţơ
԰ӦţԭĹ԰ٴһƬﲻԵҲŽ
֮ûаݹɽͷųô˻ŷԪȥкͷһԼ֮
Ҿ԰ϴԺʲôѶҰæǶϴҲڵʱҲԡȻҪúҪҲҪͻ֪ô
Դ³ĸǰҲûйʲôϴ󣬶̫ɤصǲҪʲôϴǿﻷԣǲŲأǹȥǶûȥ
Ȼ죬˵Ǹ߰
̬Ҳû൱ˣϲˡ
ſԪƨŲȺȻԵϴˣô
ֻ
Ⱥ඼аµģҲֻǵǡֻǣһȺΧֻԼ¹µҲͦࡣ
ŵ
ֻԴۣСʲôȾ۸㣬ǻúʳɣҪˣһ̫Ͳˡ
˵ͦ
̲סЦûԪȥˣԴֻôϴȣҪʲô
һֻӸµؿԼЩ޵ĳ죬ɵԪϷӲǱһԴ
ܷɵǧ׸߿գǿǿжû¹
һֻܱԼɵĸߣɴǾͱ˭ɵĸ߷ɵԶ
Ԫͣڰգֻʾ⣿⣿
СܳͷҲûֹȤؿǣЦŵ٩Ԫ˾̫ˡ
Ԫһŵһ˦βֱֱǰȥԽԽߣӰת˲ʧʡ
첻ʾϣһһӰӺܿʧ
һԳǾֻˮߵһȺ֪ĴųԪľ͡
ϴͣ

ϴ䣡
ǲ֪ܷܲôôԶ֪ϴرҲäĿš
֮Ǿ͵ˣֻ۾ʹԴöĶʳʳ
ʱٽ԰԰ο½½ߣںӱߵ˲࣬״Ȼ˼˵ע⣬ҲֻԱעһ£Ƿ֮Χ۵ڹ԰ߴ԰뿪ˣܿ콫Ժ
ԷɸһЩ߿ԶĵƽߣڵԽԽ磬ʱ̫Ѿ䵽˵ƽһΣֻеâƲȾɫ
֪ԷԪʵⳡ̫ãȻߵĽɫɫɻҺڵʱһɫĹâ͸շ˻ԽԽͣߡ
ֻԼֻأųԶȥ˺һֻӰٶȲ֪ΪʲôеŴܴӣɵǰֻոջ칧سһϴ󡣡
ֶԷԪһϴ󡣡
֮ˮ棬һ̱һֻ졣
䣬ɳΧ˹ȥʲô
ֻֻ³򣺡̫ˡ
ûмԵ˼ǶϣҲźͷԪϴλǶ
ź漫ˣԪϱQʲôôͻȻ̬ȴ䣿ǳȥʲô£ҡ
ԪűССĽƱȥ۾գգͻȻ͵ػζ·ֱ߰׹䡣
һϽɵƤ¿
Ԫʵػ˸ƣ۾ЦЦֻ֪С౻סԼ
µĳ򣬸ԴʲôճĳһС˻ûãһ±Ūʲôô
źܿ쿸ŷԪѣСĽźáڸоôǲˣҶ˻ûáȺúϢҪҪԵ㶫ˮˮˣҸϽȥ㣡æҵص
ԪضƤ£
治ԣúϢһ¡
š
Ԫȵر۾ŵһⶼûеõκλشץӷεغֲŷԪϢתͷȥֻ졣
ۼСQһҪɣԪ͵۾˻ЦҪȥ죿
Լ뷨һô֪㻹
ᡣûʲôҾǱɵøһ㣬ɵԶһѣ˳һٶȡ
Դ

ȻԪû˵ٶʲôٶȣֻ״̬֪϶ô졣
ĵõڲˣԪ̧ǳԾһŲƨ˽ȥ
ĩǸ죬ǰһ컹ã¶ȶ߼ȣһܵĹ԰ٴΪ
죬緹ûüƵƽ̨ȥ˺ŹעԽԽ࣬õķҲܻܲҪõ㡣
԰ο֯ĳǳ⣬üΣֱʵָʮѡ
ο࣬ǰ԰ͨ¾˳﹫УǼʱܳʮһ࣬һҪȽӽһСʱ˽ҳοͻãο;ֻܴˣԴûԹ
԰ĹںԶ˺ܶཨ飬ϣܶһ㡣
԰Դ൱ӣȥ˽Э̣￪ʼ滮ˣ·ͨǽһǾû⡣
԰ûһȥһ͵˹԰ﱸ
ѧλбص̨ɷõģ൱¡
ҲͱԱˣҪ˺Ⱥѧǧǧܷκ⡣
ӳʮغʾһҪʱˮӽժ޶ݣҰܳԣ
ϾĶСѧǵƤʱһκⶼܳеġ
Ϊǰ£԰²˾ʾƣ쳣ĿӱһȦȫµķصλû豸ʾ
˭ܵӣȫô
ף
԰ʮĻشصͷ
ɢûã԰žͿˡǿź磬ļͿˣһЩߵ㣬ĩǸʱʱһ롣
ô翪ţο;ֻΧ˼ǣǰһүԴϴξ֮Ҳûʱοˡ
ȴֳˣһˣ߶˸飬ۻۣ˸鿴ȶʱ֣·һԽϰһ㣬˴϶Ц
үǵЦһֱûȥͷ·Ҳûй߳ŵĹȣ˿һȦԱߵۻҲĴһ洩ŸۣǸ£ϻϵ˸˿˿ʱְ䡣
԰͸үϤϤˣ״׹ڵ״̬̲ס˵乧ϲټ٩
ү֣ѽлллл
ۻЦһֱ׷үżһۣû˵ʲôҲй۵Ʈɢ
˼״ҲΪүеģһ̫¶ˣÿ춼ڹ԰һһ磬һһ仰˵иٺòˡ
к֮ү²شۻ۰ԼϤϤĵط԰ϵϵһƬҶӹӶ˵á
һͱ෢ˣӷԪ±ĳ¿ȥүۻ۳¥ȥɢŨҵϢǺ
ó˻ǰĿٴοȥ˻ǸˣֻҲ˻ƹӰ
ҲһֻҳϵĻƹҲ֪ػԼΪԼЩʲô
ܲ飬ƹ˲ξҪѣ˲ξ뿪Ҳûֿеĺˣ˵Ҳûнκκˣôһֱһ
ͷֽԼ˷Ԫ¡
ͻȻʧ䣬ԪЩͷԣƿͼСһСţûбǻס壬ԴתԼ棬ֻų˱׼Բ
䣿Ԫʵ¶һЩ
ڰɫëҡһƺ˵
ģԪʡ
ëֻһ£Ծû¶ͷҲû˵
ƽһֱֵķǳʣƺʲôηǳķǳʢͻȻԱԪ治֪ôźá
ûôˣһ𳤴Ȼ磬ƿǱѹСĵܵܣǱ˺
űôԼģԪŲߣתԴԲ£ԼǰëëȽĵطŵԿǡ
ΪʲôģԸ˵˵ôҲ˵ͺöˡ
ŽԴ̧ƽ۾һ
ڷԪǰë˲䣬ͼ⴩͸ëƤ⣬ϤζһЩ˼ͱˡ
һˡ
ʲô
ͷһ£Ȼ󿪿ڵֻϲµ˲ξҳͿǣΪԭƿǺֵܶѾһҪչˣĸ׾ңֵˣҲ˲ξÿ׽ιңչҼꡣֱ
ʲô
ץˣˡƵصһθ˵˲ξ£ΪȥѾȻˣԭ̸Ǿѹ
ԪԴοҲתһˣ˵ֻ
ʵ޵۹ûתһ˵ģҲûʲô˶ſѧҲǼᶨߡ
ֻת˵һֱչ˵ģ˵Լһеĵط
ԪһֱɣǲǾ˵ĵ
Ҳصļ硣
ͷһ˲ξת˲ξһֱǸޣССӪһ㶼ûĺÿŻûмӡ
תˣҲϲ
һ뵽ŸոջЩ˲ֵȥ
ϲƵص
ԪĪеЦ̧˴СԲ򣺡ģ϶ϳġ
ҲǣԼѾôˣ˵һ۾ϳˡ
뵽ոջ˲չֱӽԪĳ˳ȥֻ񶼻ָǰĻ
ŷԪĳһ쵼͵Сܵģ˵ĺе֮ǰˡԵô˵ʲôʱ԰ˣҵøϽȥ
˵Ȳֱӷˡ
ԪſյĻ֪ΪʲôͻȻýĳһԼпܻڵĶ졣


28 
ϧתһȦҲûҵ˲ξתࡣ
ӽŵʱ, ԰ѾӿοͣĻɴյˡ
ˮƽʵ԰Сһӹ, ĳʸ൱߼, ر·, ؽӲӵҶ翵, ǿҵĶԱɾһ㡣
Ƶһȥһˮĺǿҡ
ҲǸ, Ļɴյ˼ͬʱĹ԰ڹʵʱ˭Ҳ˭վ·Ϊ˭, ͲûˡǰȰҲûȰס
ܳȡ״Ͻɽϵĺ־ɫ, ǿĵ, Ƿյģܸߵɽûοʹ, ҶҲûɨڴԶǿԾĸһһá
ӳɽϿۣɽ䲻ߣڸȴǿ, ԶԶܿһƬϼƵĺɫ, ˡ
һȵȥɽϡ
һЩʣ߾ɫҲûټ, ֻǸʦʾҲҪȥһ顣
˳, ̲ס˿, лҪǴǿɵÿ۹ˡ
ҵǲֻǸ԰Ҳѡ
԰⣬ѧУĴͣʦʮ³һ꼶СѧͳһѧУƷͷϴŻñӣԼĪʮӡ
һȺӱıߴߴСѼһʦƨɺ԰ʲôһط
ֻÿɰСССáһ˫βŮս԰͵Բ۾ָϵָ̧к
һ䣬Ҳ˲̧ͷܿ쿴֦ǶӵСౡ
ۣÿɰ
С
С棬Ҵ˳ԵġиСֶıţǼɣʵ˺ܶ
ſɲôջСֻһ룬һͳСֶյ˹ȥڱ˿ڣҧİ׹ʡ
ζȻ㡣
ҧһھɻϣһĻ㹻һȺСܲͷˣرǳɹȥСֶնʱĿĽ㣬ӷ׷ΧߣҪһļҲһֻɵԼ
žǹġ
ڶܿסһܣϵҲõòˣһܶԷںӶƿˣϣƿǵʱҲԱߣίҵţæϣܸϽȥ
ǴģȥܿһҪ԰ſڣȺСѧ԰źͣ¿һۡ
Ȼʲộζ¡ϧˣȻЩ̾õĿˡ
һżܿƷȥ
Ѿòˣ԰ҽТڼĳһ߼һСظ˵ָ죬ٹ۲һ¾ܻؼ
͵ȲˣûɳȥھҪȥˣÿ춼ͬɹĻ죬
Тܿſɵӱߣ͸ףȴûɳȥ
ͼŲ͸ꡣ
ͣڲ⿴ô
һ󺰵ϴϴؼҡѾˣȫˣҵĺҪƿˣҪǣ
Ҿģżϣȥԣڴߡ
ã񼱼š
ȥæТ￴ۡ
벣Զһ㣬غˡ
һͼӲĲͻȻѣ͵سȥ
ТƬ̣ʶˣһϽȥ
ҷɣ
ȥʱֻõȻȥӰǳɽȥģӦǻؼˣ۲һķƣûûбӦȫˡ
Тͣ½Ųûټ׷ͷȥдˣýͻȻ±ȥɻػص鿴Ƭе֣ǱҿģʱͶ￴ûײҲûмκοɵĶȻѵġ
Ҳɣѹͷûټȥ
Żѣ嵽ߣ๶๻ģʹŲӣëǾñط˼ģֱûۿ
Դ뿪ٴλص˶ܿơ
һֻҲָˣǱҲ͹Ķž顣
ϴλûкõʱҲѹŵɽͷһˣڶܿƶһ󣬳ϵıŸõû졣
Ϊϴ㶪ʧԺܿƾͽӶϣҲûȥ͸ˣʱž鶼ֻܿշ
ŷɵž˵ĵط͸ӿһᡣ
žЩģסͦãÿ컻ˮȫõĶţֻ޷ڷ裬ž൱ÿڵϿ棬һСģ
ſ˿ƣָĻʱп̫ܲУǻѾûˡ
žסĲԶÿֱײҪȥžγԱȡ
ոŹʱҲˣȵģֻŶûһۣȥ
ϴԼǰˣŵĶž͵վëίͿ
ȥϴ󡣡
ŲͬķõڶΣһѾܿˣڶǲǰ˸߱˵
żȥġο
ܿԱϰ࣬ƽ˵ûô࣬Ҳᶼתƣ۲԰ﶯҽ֮⣬ѧչǡ
ֻֻҪչˣպѧһһ
չТɨͳȥ˴ˣ᲻ڣʣչ˶žķᣬϸž黻ˮʳڵǰ飬﹤УϾʱ䶼ڿдġ
ž鰴ŵָʾڴιˮСɵʳ裬ͷֻۣûʳһأˮʺҲ˵档
鱾߹׼û뵽ƽնܰĶžʱ򣬶شͷ϶˳ȥ
˲ϽͷžѾɵűߣֻǹϵģžֻתתȥ
û뵽ôԸТһЩɵۡ
Ծֻ꣬
žתһȦûгȥ·̲סЩطУȥײ
ſ̾һֻɵ
žһոɳȥĵطǱûˣҲûϣӴ󳨿š
ž鷴ӦϽӷ˳ӷ˳ȥ
ҲϽܳȥͼžѾվڸһˣؽ˼֮ɽӡ
Ҳûʲôˡ
̲סҡҡͷ쾿ô£Խô
ȥϱТͼվ棬˳߳԰ۣʲôûУʵڿʲô
һ۵㣬֮ǰҲ֪ŹϣҵĶžܳˣ˳ӺʹӷˣѾعȻˣ
Т̲סץץͷͬʣ쵽ʲôӣôԽ²ңûչ˺ôܴ
һͻТæ׷˽ȥ
СܣСƵ԰תȦѡ
ʪصʱϴһȸתȥۡ
û뵽ϴλͰһǵȸϲ߰˸ں׷һգǹɿȾͷ˲Ŀ
ҪҲΪȸһ㲻ڻ֣￴䲻ףһȺ˶˷ˡ
ȸѾҲ«έ˳һڼһСȸѾˣΪûͬ飬ߵĶڸĸߴ粽롣վڸ˸϶Ҫųվһţȥ쳣ɰ
ϴοʱһ˲٣رֻСȸ֮ǰԲһȦβʹʱ
ų֣СȸϽɹǰʱСȸ³ûȥһŲѡ
Ҳͱ֥ôһɣҲ֪ҵģϹһţȻ֨֨
Сȸȸտʱ˲٣ܿʵؽе˵ϴҪϹǸģңٸһ㡣
۳ѸٷԶԭصһͼСȸַ˹ŵһЩ«έӡ
ɺóˣ쳢Сȸһڴͷ
ֻСԴԴؿһ⻭ܿ챻οǲ׽һʱŰڶ
ƴǲţʣµ˻ȥллԺøϹԼԡ
ĲôСȸȷƵһ䡣
治á
ۣ̫ˡСȸҲ֨֨壬дŲǱһ
鼫õظŽһ󷵻
ԼɷõļѾˣŸշɻʱͼ԰Цڸ߽԰
ǹ԰רⱨаСʱĲʱزĺ̨ܶ࣬ԼĪҪڹ԰һ졣
ߵĺͦǿʲôҪһ䣬ʲôʲô
ڸ԰԰㹻˽⣬Թ԰֪һšŷɹʱǡۡ
βɽȸʱʵſĳɢľջһ㣬β΢΢̣ڹְ͸廹β˲ԭֵķ౱ɸŵСˡ
ɾ֮ëļãëɫǴɾͨ͸ûȾ˿ɫһıβɽȸӺÿҲϾ
βɽȸɫ漾ڱ任ʱҲΪ仯
ǳȾأ۳࣬ëҲմȾǳǳĻɫȫףϾɫ쳣ټ
԰Ҳţ״ԺЦЦǱβɽȸշ԰ģֻһֱֻȽϳΣͨȺӳ֣εĺ١
ԱߵӰ׼˺һᣬֱɻ￴˲գǸʵ̫赲ˣϷŵλָߣܴ濴
ڼʹ¶һЩ
̧ͷһᣬڷĺɫѵһ֣ƺֻɫ񣬻ᶯġ
ֻβɽȸѣʵ
԰ͷǣǲǾѵ״ر𣬹԰ֻǳأҲĲһ
ǲǻһֻ񣿺ɫģʲôͷޱȺʣʵ̫ˡ
԰ЩεصǼʵҲûȫȷֻʲôҲǽշ԰ġ
Ԫʲôʵ԰ҲЩͷԣʼձΪֻøһģһûôܷɵģۼڼڹ԰Ͽշеģ̬һȻֻôһΡ
ȻǼȴûҵӦ̬񣬾Щһû·ǸưͣҲͨƶʲôɳͺ԰һ˵ԴƵҽ˶ģ˭ȷֻʲô˭Ӯ˭оȨ
߾˰죺ôһֻһֻסһ𣿡
԰ַȵЦţȷʵټҲûУ֮ôء
߶˽ⲻ࣬ûм׷ȥ̫࣬ܿת߿˱𴦣԰ھͷ͵͵˿̧ͷ棬ÿŴ̽Դ¿ķԪҲԴͷ
һ˶ߡ
԰ִֻܾƺö˵Ļǰ԰ͷ˲ٹŹ£мڹ԰￴ÿֻ̲ס룬ֻǲǳɾˣһֻǲǳɾˡ
ڿЩǲɾˡ
ֻ񶼳ɾֲ²Ҳ̫ˣ԰Ψߺܿջ߸˼߽Ų
ŵԴѱԵ͸Ҷ϶һˣ˸԰ͼߵĶԻͷ˷Ԫһۣó塣
޷ȷݾͻģ϶Ҫ۲㡣
Ԫһĺ׵һǿ
ʲôݣ
ԪΪǼˣԼҲȷһǾͺ
˵ֶе
ðβ֮ǰûβͣͻȻβͻ᲻ܹ죿άŴѱߵƣԴ˵
Ԫȥó˻ǾͨҼ
ҡҡͷҲ̫ͨˣҾ˵ʲôһ˺˱ҪΣϴǷľ˺˱ڱؽȥˡ
˵һͨͻȻǣΪʲôҪñݣ㾿ʲôı岻ܼˣ
Ԫص࣬ܣڲ¶塣
ܵˣ϶ǵʲôˣȻͷ
͵͵ʲôҲ˵ģҵرϡŽԴչȥغʵϴʵʱֱŪȥˡ
ʵҲ֣ͦҪ˵ڵΪӦܿóһֵֻıˣɷԪȴף˵ζʲôŲˡ
ʱ˵˵ʱҵһ㡣
ЩʧشͷǺðɡ
Ԫϲʧӣβչ˿ʧܺβͷ·Ҳˣԭȶ˺ܶܶ࣬źܳ󣬲㹻ġ
ŷԼϣβȸһ㻺ſ
ɢĺɫëѳĴӣŵ⣬ۼ
Ŵͺĵؿôôֺó
Ԫһ£ôе㲻̫ζ
ϲô
ϲϲ̫ϲˣ
ŷͷβԽԽϲ
죬޲ſβҧһڡ


29 
ĵ, ûȷԪʲôࡣ
ſյԼëֻҪԪԼͻעܽԪӳȥ, ů֮, žûҪߣСˡ
Ԫܵи, ü챻͵
ɾô겻仯ôͱһ䡣ŵ
Ԫܵе֮һ, Ҳ̲ס䣬ڵ֧Ų˶ñ仯绹ñ¶ڡ
Եʱ̨ȵ֪ʲôʱ˹ڸ֦Ѿϡ
һۿ˷Ԫĳӹһ˿̾Ҳ̲סʱĵؽԼβȻһ£ֻԼβ͸ŷ
, ԭϴβͺȻûҵĳϴʲôϣȵʡ
գ۾ʣʲô񣿡
ȵãس, ռȺܶİڵһ, ʣô, ͱҲôһ, ɫܲ¡
Ԫʵʲôɫʲô
ɫҰһ㣬βһְɫ, һɫø, Ļƿɺÿ, رѤëԵ״ǳɫȵŤ˼˵ϴʵ̫ˣֱʷǰĺڡ
۾಻һǿͨ۾׽ߵģëԽԽܷâгֳɫԽɫҲ淴Ӧ˲ִëֱǷǿ׳ǷܹеΡ
ԪԣëȴһƬڣڵøҹɫһ·ܽȫȥһⶼ͸ڴк
ڷԪζɾȵѾŲѬζˣﻹǷǳţϴϴ˶ء
ԪչԭһƬڵëȾһ㷺Ĺİɫ
ôһ߱仯һʡ
ȵˣȫը
ϴ󣬵ë
Ԫְ֪ɫֻܰԼı仯
ȵһ侲ˣзԪͻȻеۡ۾ɵøˣ૵˰ɡ
ȷ
ȵƵôƵ˼Ҳþûȥˣǵûô˦˦βͣ³ԪʲôƵֵµĹǺɫɫëҲǺɫĺɫÿġ
ԪֱһΣûȵôȫǵ棬ҲûĴĿϵҲǰҲڹߺõʱܿ仯
а˷˺񣬶ϴ㣬ôȵɵʵܾﲻ̫ԡ
ŴȻˣ֤ģ⻹мô
ȵССԴʢôʣȻϴ˵Ǿǰɡ
Ҳġȵһľ̲סſɤӸ¸½̶֮Χο͵ȫ˹
Ŷס󺰣˱ˡ
ȵĴų޳βڿƮɷԶ֦ϵ˼ⲻ̫ϼңһûڱĵطأ
⻰ͻȻЩõ뷨˵ϼزĵطûУ
ǵѽҴǸô˵ģ˵²˹ʲôģԽԽˣ˼ҲͼôζѡƢܻ𱬺񣬵Ȼû˼ˡ
ţ
ͷʷԪڱȥüô
ԪԴβһɫǲһˣԭ徵ĺڼҲüĿȻмֺÿԾƬ̡
Ϊʲô㲻ϲ
̫ҫˡóסǲҿ
ԪͻȻüˣɫɫ֮һѾֻС౾þˣҪ¶ģҪ˵ˡ
ãǾͱȥûٶ࣬ԪϵɫֱʧβҲȫڿžͨļҼûβ͵ͺ
ȵٿһħǾò˼飬˰ֻܸ̾ϴ󶼺Ȼٸ̾Լûˡ
ȥԪΪͨҼˡ
ɻΪʲôһֻҼһɵôá
طԪ£¶һԴࡣ
ȺСѧǱʦſʼκˣ԰רһιæ⡣
ø԰ĲɷײСѧѧʦһɷһ־
쵹ûгʲô⣬һ綼൱ƽҲ
һֱʱ֣Ļˡ
԰λŵĲ֮͡
ųһԺؾ˯ˣֱ񷢳ָ߿һֻֻȺȣֱҾ徣֪ĻΪĩˣŵ͵شѹ۾͸ϽӷԪ³ȥȵķȥ
ԪҲ۾˹ȥ
ûɶԶͿ񾪻ŵףֻλͷƴضһֻβݺβݺվ֦ɪɪҶԼһ¾ҪҧˡرСһ£ԴβͳȫһֻССë򣬿ˡ
ΧͷԶˣͣͣԲʮϾȻֻôһֻڡ
һ룬βݺ͵سһˣβݺֵɣȴû뿪ȥҧס˲Ͱ߳
ʵҲһֻ˵ˣȻҲвģȻвǺܴ
ֻèӦèͨɫƣĺݣëһһƵĴ˽ᣬе࣬һ˫ɫ۾һ˾͹ԡ
ҧβݺȴţƺ֪Լв㡣
Ԫ֮èı͵عͺ𣬼צӽץɣûйͣβݺͳ԰ȥٶȼ졣
βݺţз
ŲԼСܱɱȥèٶٿҲ첻һֻгɵת˲žҵı
ʱèѾܵ԰ǽˣҪͨǽߵΧǽܡ
צ··ǧأèͻȻѹûסһ˲βݺµ˵ϣڵϷһȦϽųǰȥ
è̫ſβݺеˣòأһܿһ·ǿĶˣȷèҧסԼµͣԼ
èſºԾɲĵͼȥצӳץŤ¶ݡ
ſȻèſΪɣʼڵϴһطôŶʼվš
Ҳ֪˶ãèƺ׹Լ˵ͣ˶ʵʵſڵϿʼԼצӡ
ŸצůĶƤûסֲ˲ȡ
ǰôûèĶƤôãֱȵϷԪĶƤˡ
ʶ˼ŽèջȥůѵĿܣƲ̫Уֻè̫ѷŲ£ǶƤûڳᱻѹٴξèûҲûûйͬ⣬Ҫû˭ζܱȵϷԪˣ᲻á
Ԫ֪ԴԤһͨԼĿܣ䵽ߣҲվèƤϡ
һѹɽèЩίɫ۾ﻹ˵ˮ⣬ſ⡣
βСȥҪվķԪ̧Ÿߵˡ
èССһȴβˡ
ֻèݣҲ֪˶ã˶Ƥλñȫǹͷȥеѽš
ȻСû£ҲΪٴСܵˣŵģܳԣ߰ɡ
˵ŷԪ
èõɺͷǿ۾ͳǰȥ
ȴû뿪԰԰Ĺ԰Ա˹ȥǲ˲ڼƱСƣҲοڣСһûͣ˵ôһֻèͷ۾
è߰ɣûжι㡣
è಻УŰ칫¥˹ȥ
԰緹ʱ䣬ԱֻһСʱıڳԷ԰ҲԼСʳãط󣬷ζһ㣬ԲߵĶϲȥųԣæ󲿷˶ûȥ
èζǳ׼ܽʳá
Ÿ߸ߵطں濴ţûгܣСüͷ壬ǰϣȴԪסˡ
żȿ
ԪèΪ֮һֻëè˶ֶС
ûǰɵʳô֦ϳ￴ȥ
èȥ˿ʼûע⵽߸βͣѲһȦƺѰҿֵĶ
˾һ˲ôèèôеࡣ
ͦҵطֱʳãǲǶˣԡһ㱻˵ϡ
ιС㲻ˡ
㿴ôݣֿġ
è䱸ǿ⣬ͷ˸ɾ̧ͷԼʳ࣬β͹ȣûйͣͼһȥ
תһȦ֮䵽˷߳Դȣע⵽Լ֮èɴһɳ¶ɫĶƤ
ֻèƽĶ۳ͦɰºҲеԲԲģ۾ܴëҲֻ͸ëëԿ¶ƤѢۣӦǵƤ
ڶһ״ϣèԴͱߣߣ
èĺԴ֣ԲԲ۾ֿɰ
˼״Ҳ
èҲ̫ˣô׾͸
ǲļģôԵèҲġ
Ͳ󣬹ƲŸճɡСƤ϶ܣøϽƣ
ῴˣҪô
㲻Тʡ
źҡͷУèëôһ»УҪ
˵Լ˿⣬̵ζèǰȲ·ŴڳַǵĽǰ׽ʱ׺è
ڴ⿴棬СһﻹأǸĻè
ʾԼ֮èƺˣûȱ߶תԵ˵һιȱߡ
﹤ģԶﶼģ׷ȳԼʳȥι
è߲ܣôƾȲһٱ
Ա֮èûϾԼ˳ȥһۿ϶ԼźͷԪЩ䱸سһһعľвˣûҪ԰Ĵ㡣
ſദԼǿӲè߿ܻ಻ģȻǾ͵ϴƶĹء
èŵĹľϣ͸֦Ҷ϶ӡ
ΪҪԼèŵҪܣԪ䵽ľ߶סȥ·
ŵҲ㣬
èԷһЩ۾Ծһգգض
ҪͲ˺԰κһֻ񣬻Уŵĵ̣ҵϴԺҪҵģȻҺܿһ㲻ѿ
èգ۾Ҳ֪ûС
ǱŲڵ֮ǰܶһֻϴ֮Աǣֱɽѹĸоˡ
è֪ԼˣһֱͼԼһˣһ·߹඼һٱһ٣ϳеèϲţһֻèҪȥѣҲԸ⴦ʱʱѹ
԰ҲΪ˶ֻܼҰè׷ϣþûԶʵڶˣץһֻԣû뵽ǷˣһֻСѹڵϴ򵽺޻֮
԰ͦѺãҲûиߣè֪Լȥģʱ⡣
ͷСౣסҪצץһµĳ嶯ս顣
ôһͷ죬˵ȺèͲ۸ˡ
أèɵϣŷԼĶƤзǰǵĽβڵһɨһɨ
ëҪˡ
ѹֳôèȺĻèʵ̫ˣֱҪ
㣬㣬죬ûҸ㣬ҲһסȻԸعԺɣǵȥβݺǸɱŻˣԺҺúദ֪û
żװ׺ݵѵ
èһ˫۾ˮգš
ûǷԪȥˣǰһסβ͡
è͵β;ɾ
ԪɵߣҧסëëԼϡ
ȥɡ
ٵȵȣûβݺǸءűһ˫۾ڶèƣǷԪԱߣҪèٲȵĶƤëëˡ
èȥǰҧһڵβݺѾˣһʱҳȥԣվһ˼
Ҳ֪èʲôֱǣͷ˰죬ͣβݺվŵ£һ
βݺһغ£͵ش֦Ϸƴһ϶㡣
ѽϴҪˣһ߷һߴг
Χβݺ״Ͻ˹ΧһȦм䡣
èβݺˣżȻӦϴҪβݺǸǾһҪǸβݺķ׷˹ȥ
ϷβݺΪģʱּŭǲأ»ᱻҧסֻܳèʺмֻ֪С֦ҶһԵè
èǳرܿȫû˵
βݺûˣֻ֦ܶͷϣֻèϽ뿪
Ŀͣˣèͷһ͸ʨһζʮ㡣
ʱȫŷˣһʺ
èЩüȺ񾿾ô£ĳصǸˣ˾Ȼ
ɻͬʱȻһ󼱴ٵĽŲèͷԼĺ󾱱˸סˡ
ץèĺ˷ܵسԱ֣ץסˣ
èŵؿһֱԼԶֿࡣ
һֻƭˣֻȻȦ׸ץ
գʵ̫ˣ
èڴ˿ͻȻ
žԼԩ
治֪ץֻè
èץס֮;֫ڿл裬о¼ˣ¾Ҫ֡
ϽԼһֻḧСè±¡
èסֱۿʼҧݺ޲ҧһ
첲Ӳʯͷһϻףèûҧһ⣬ֻצӶСĹקˡ
òάצƣȥΪ
̲סЦִԴŲϣһ㶼ϵ˲ʵѢʹëëһ˳ë
èԼûж⣬ڰ
̲סЦָݵա
ֵôһֻСè䰲ĻʱȷһοͣòζмͳֻƬ
èܿȥһ·һֱᰲèѢﻹжǰȶˣ˵һʱˣֽ裬ֻŧˣҪ
ʵԷʱ˾Ϳֻè̫ãǶ԰öܿҽ԰æ
򽻵ö극Ͻèȥģû뵽ܵ죬һ̾ûӰӡ
ص˼ϣ԰èʱʱץס͵ܿȥˡ
Ҳûж⣬һ·ûں濴š
ڷԪվţԪǻһ֪ʲôûھԶǰɣĺġ
Ǳ߱ɪɪβݺǼèץˣ˿վҸ߸ΰ
Щû̫Ա˵èвʵ̫ˣʱɺܸ߶òգܾûᱻץס
һֱè͵˷ϤĻèֲһ£ܿͰֻɴһ˫۾ǰࡣ
èףȻֻС˵ϴ󣬵ʵϴֻҪͬܳ
èٴ¶ԼĶƤŷruaԼ
վڷԪֻèΪ̲ס
ֶΣԼġ
ԪоԼϲͣȥƺڲʲôèһ㶼Լ˵ôеԾԾԣȻоһΣᱻֻߣϽԼҷ౷ɻ
ףһûأôˣ
ˣϢһ¡
Ҳ۰ǲˣţٳȥһȦ
ҲˡԪſУ岻Ծɢһζ
˲䱻ɼ˵ζΧԴյģʲô벻ˣʶëһ⣬᲻أеġ

Ԫһʿˮ
գգۣܾﲻԡ
Ϊʲôֻ౶ԼַӦ


30 
Ԫô벻ǽԼϻ, ֻΪǶˡ
ѵƽҲôԶϸһʳõʱǳʳʱ
߳·˿, ЩʱʳڲݵҰ͡
յһ㶼, ɹµķǳ, û뿪Ⱥۼɹ̫緹
Ұ͵̵̺ĵ, һһ, 漸ʳռ, Ѽצ̲裬Ǳ߻бɷμץ, һһˮ, ӳ㽶ƻ, кõĸᡣ
Ԫǰȥȴûϸ۲ǵʳʱۻҡ
һڣһᡣ˵ųֱӷȥ˲ݵϡ
βԴһԪǸ׼ٱ׼ļҼģ
һ־ڶע⣬ǹ԰԰ﾹȻֻ
ôֻ˭ô
ôôǹ԰İɣ԰Ѽôмˡ
첻ѼӣֻӦǸ񼦵, ҸոտǴϷġ
Ҳɰ
ۣ߹ˡ
Ԫܿ, гһ, ˹ߵһ̯ǰ, ͷһȺ˳ԵĶ, ѼѼѼ⸬, ȫʳ
ѼеŮƵĴʳƬô⸬ݹȥ
ͶιôãԪԼȻ̫ŵϲã֪Լһ̫ϲԳӣʳá
⸬Դҧס
ĳˣŮʱϲصɴ۾СУǿûУˣιĶˣÿɰ
ͬ״Ҳ˿ʣѼͷȥԪûһۣצ״Ʋڹͷһǿͷʱַ˻ȥֱֱϡ
˶ʱЦ㱻˹
á
ֻý񱣬ϲʣ
ɰǲǳＦѵģ
ÿϧûĵƵ̫ɰˡ
һƬ⸬ͦûȥñʳԪ⳯ϷȥĶ̬ӯطʱ־һ°͡
ɵҲ̫˰ɣԭֻ񰡡
ŴӷԪ˹ԪȥǱߣЩǵشվ֦ͷ¿ʲôȥ
û뵽ԪȥҪʳȻҪˣôһ飡
ȷԪŷǿ⸬ԼˣԪǰ㳢ϲȥұġ
ſֿͰ͵ص棬ˣ
Ԫͷûʲôֵþȵġ
ʼ˼ÿζǮȥʳԪȻ׾پҪʳΪóŲ͸ô
ῴҿû÷ԪԼɰ
ԭһԪͷԴôԣϲ
ǲǡ
ŵͷģеӲӲе̣Ǻܺζ
ǷԪصʳܹһ⣬͵͵ݽ˽ȥ
û˵òóԣԪѾĶ￴˶ߣͷ⸬˻ˡ
ûꡣ
ٸұģҡ˵⸬ַȥ
ǰʳȺ˻ڣԪߺǻǰһͷȥ򣬿ϧ̫˿
û뵽ûˣﻹֻҧһڵ⸬
ԪıQQŻصߣ⸬˵̺һǣǱȥ
ѼһȺǴѧóģĵһʱֻŷԪһһԴ˵
һֻرƢļүιһ⸬ͳһָͻˣ̫ζ
Ԫеֻ޵۹Ƽȷûֻô豸һ۾ֻܿãЩԼ
ǰĶĿĽ㣬ϰ˵Ŀ⣬״ֻͦţֻʱ߰˼֡
ûƯëҲܶʧΪ˵ĸ߹ޡ
˰һЩ֦ϿҪѧϰһ·Ԫ׳԰׺Ȱõġ
ŷԪͦţϸϸ֦ȦԼѧһ㾫衣
Ԫ̬˲ע⣬ֻϣԼ
ਣСߣкóԵġ
˽û׷һЩȥеԶӵԪϣسۣͱӣԱԶһЩ
գգѣǲǱһֻˣ
˭
ÿ˶ԷԪôģڲݵҰ͵̫ˣвٴźӹģĺӣǻúöͣһֻ֣ʱ˹ȥ־Ҫȥץ
ԪСϲԭûֻؿǺԽԽ
ӸĸںֺǺǵؿţһҪֹļûС
Χ۵̲סǰСֻеԶûô߹ֻﾪѽСܰҪץסˡ
˲ǺھԪֻԶʱͻȻס˽ŲƵĴתͷͳĸ׻ˡ
ԪתһҰ̯ȥ˭ûпʲô
ʵҲûʲôúӿ޻һ¡
һԷ޸һӳ۲ͣʮӣԪ˰켦ϲʲôóһû𿪵ɶڵϳ
Ԫ˿ɣ׺Ųټ֥飬ȥͦģпܻϲǰҧסɡ
ûȥƺŮӺܵιҲкЩӵضŮ󿴹
ԪһӣΪѵתƨɶ׼վòˣ˼ֻƨɲͷ
ƨҲǵңĵطˡ
ŮҲֵߵߵβͣë˳ȣĴ͵صɴ۾
ȵģ˷ܵػͷ˺Ҳ
кҡͷҪҪˣС㡣
Ԫмضëûӵҧ˵ĵزűɣٴηɻ
ſȫ̻Ǻ޲ΪʲôԪôܻӭһйΪΪԪǼԼ׽ϲȲ˵ġ
žش̣ȻԪôܸɣԺˮҲȥˣʡһǮ
ԪɷŵǰЩڴؿ
һڱļƵģҲܴ࣬ζһʳܿԵһС顣
ϲԪ̲ס³һԼҲûΪʲôôСȻ˽ţֱһʱҪѰ
ϲȥһ顣
õöҪ಻Ҳȥ
ŸϽֹã鹻ˡ
ԪСС壬һȷʵˣٺˣ¶ٻû䡣
תȺϣ·ڿһѿԶʳĹһ
㻹ϲʲôԪʵ
±ɣζȷʵǳԶеɣȫǱͷ˺һȫȥ
ϾǷԪһγȥʳҲ˵ãɾıһµҶԣ㲻õҵĳʳÿ춼Եĺܱ
ɲռﻹһѷԪëëһһԺþˡ
´ξװģҲóԵ㣬Ȼ˶ھʳˡ
ʲôԪ׷ʡ
ת۾ʲôеʱҲιңСܸϹӺ͹ӡҳȥԵģû
Ԫ˼صͷŲ̫ŵӡ
Ĩ˰ѶϵĺܾýķԪȻЩǿƣƽղ̫һһ㶼ŪҪȥСѯ¶ˡ
Լëôתע
еࡣ
Ԫһ͸Ҷڿ࣬ƺǴȿĸʳֱȥҪ
ֵ컹ûԶɣˮˣҳȥʵġ
ԪعҸһ𡣡
ûʲôĳȥԪϡ
ۼֻˣŷԪȥźջߡ
ҵϴζصСӣشˡԪ䵽ϣͷϤİγԼǰǰվϣȣֻճ˵èһ
ϵ·û䣬Щˣٴеۡ룬ϵ·ܿȹӱ˳䳤㣬ֻ·ʽȻˣɫȴԾǺڰɫ
̧£ԭͷһβ˿Ÿɾ䣬ͬ
Ԫ㳯ȥ
λСԽĩβĵطƬСٽַĩβΪλò̫ãסȽ٣һҲ߲СΧ˸Χǽ˹ϴξǴġ
ٲȫûˣŹˣûע¥ϵĶ
¥ӱվŸˣǰǮţվһᣬȴû뵽һĻŴҪ˵Ĺȫһ
ǮʼΪԼϻۿˣʹ۾۾Ϳϵ·Ҳ˱仯
ŵһûؿڴһ֣͵ع˴ӣƺַӣܴһ죬سȥ
ϵЦͷȥԪһɵûϵĴߡ
ǮŽһ֮ﴫһƵ˻ûȲ͵س̫ŽʲôУַʲôˣ㷳
£һ㳬ٽ˳űߣ˸Ӳܸߣ̫Ͷ٣ֻųʮ·ЩģմŲʳ
ֻһ쳣ŵζ
Ǯˤڵûһ֣ŲȥסȾֵصС֣ҿˣǸԭǸְ
Ӳͣ񾭣ʲô֣ǲۻˣвȥҽԺˡ
˵곯ȥǮƴסȥ֣ҿˣ϶Ҫɱңȥ
ǮÿӶҪˣץſӳһᣬǮŵ־Գȥ
ʲôûУ˵ˣӰûС
ԼʲôûСü
϶ǲˣ
Ǯ棬µɪɪΪԼҪˡ
Ǯ˵䣬ҪǮȴȲ϶
񾭲ù㡣ǮҡҡͷתԼžһ˦š
ûǮŸˣ뿪ֲҶڽӲţֻܽԴʲôȥ
վ¥һҵĴ¿ߣû뵽ԼܰųͷԱߵķԪκܳô
Ԫҡͷ󻹺ܺÿǰĵطòҲ㹻Ŀ
ΪʲôôңһܳɣŲ⡣
ԪԼ˵һࡣ
ʼ磺ðɺðɣǾֻܴһˡ
˵곯˲ͣ˳ûϵĴӷ˽ȥǮߡ
ǮŶһᣬûΧʲô̧ͷȻ˲֪ʲôʱԼǰС
СװССһţëë۾鶯ɰϵĺɫ·ű
ǻƽʱɰСǮſܻᶺŪһ׹ȥιһ£ȴµٴҪ۰һҪȥ
ŸϽǰסûˤڵϣƷǮͷű۾һܡ
ԪͷĶ
ûʦûдеɢС˱ܹû̫ļܣ͵ʦѧϰһЩϴĹ͵ʦѧģֻ꾫ԻģϧЩûʲôоֻʧһ˲˹ĥ˺þĥԻ˵İ취
ĶǮϾֵıƽһЩ΢Ц
ջ֣¶ƣɫ˴±ſߡ
ˡǵˡ
Ԫﾪŵĺܶ˶ֻͨˣһܵĿһ㣬û
ŲͬʵʼžͱֳĲֻͬһֱûϸ
ôҲǣԼأ
Ϊ⣬Χ඼ԱɶǵĶҲԱˣԪԼҲˣû˻ʲôĿܣԼ˵ĲͬҲû˼̫ࡣ
ʹõҲУͬԴͬʣÿʹʱܸоõ
ʲôû˸߹
㡭Ԫ
ꡣû˵Щʲôָڴһŵת
ϷͦǸҵķӣǮźСסĵطһŵӡ
Žûܾŵһɷǳӵζǳţʵ̫һʱܲ
ҡҡͷоǮſˣŷԪ˳ȥ
뿪ȽյķͻȻƿһССĿۣһ˫۾˵ıӰ
ûǮž˹ЩɻؿԼʱ״̬ڴߣôͻȻſ˯ˣ
ʱ䣬Ѿ㣬ԼͷæߣСҳȥˡ
Ҫµ̫šﴫǮͷĻӦ
ǮԼİ˳ȥǰǽֵģѾݲˣȴԾÿȥתƲ
Ŵɳȥ֮󣬴ҸȫĵطˣξԲ˷ˡ
ת˺һٴҵ˵Ľ䡣
ȻŲŸسˣͽһ峯ϵȥ
Ԫһ͵سųȥ쳤
˼ʱ򣬺ɫһǿ׳ֱۡ


31 
źܾûиϴ, ЩĺܴʱЩ
屣סƽ⣬ͱסֱһ
̧ͷȥ, Ϳһߴˡ
˱һͷһͷԺ󣬹Ӻ, ֻܿõԷɫɢĹâ, ģģ, ˲ֵ̫ܷúûǲãֻöԷӦúΪϵĹʵ̫ˣʵǿֳõĴʡ
ǣԪ
ŶԷɢζ, ԪһģһӦΡ
ҡ
⻹ǷԪһοڽƽ˽Ȼ˳
ҲϵĹһֻֻĸо
û뵽ԪηȻô, ƽһ, ֲϲģΪԪеլ
㡭ʵָˣ
Ԫͷ, ָһ֡
ȻѾܱˣԸڹ԰һֻˡ
ĪЩʧ, ܲ뿪, Ϊ᲻ë¶, û뵽һ㣬ǵĲϣߡ
ÿֻԽһָо˵ǰδеġ
Լ飬ֻøԪΪѣѾܶûкˣҪ뿪Ȼġ
ǲҪˣ֮ǰĵطȥźֱ׵ʵ
Ԫ£ûϵô˵ʵҲǻָɣ˵صصԭȵˣ뿪ϵҪȫָС
뻹Ҫ⹫԰һꡣ
ŲԾһüͷûסЦˣСȻɵģȴ
ߣûбĵطȥ
ŵ˲侧˼֣ģ
š
˶ûעڽһһֱûֿԪͷķʽסţоЩ棬ͷͷֿ۾
ͷһͻȻӦվˡ
·ԪҪֿϲûôû뵽ֲŸȥոջ§ķԪȥ
λˤˡ
ȥץûץס˵ץסһֻë
ë޹س
ûָãάֲ̫Σٻָһ󡣡ԪЩˣóסԼ
˳˳ë˻
û£ָͦ죬´ξͺˡ
˵뿪䳯ȥ
ֻϽȷʵеĿİ磬˰ŵſڣʵ
Ů⼦ģǮһȥũóгûݵİ
ǰֻͦɢߵءϱӣһֱгĲʣйζԡ⼦вУ
ļ۸ʵ׬ˡ
źܿͱ긾ŮΧˣظʣץԪһ۵ġ
ëļôûص𣿡
Ӧǰɣֻͦġ
ҿǱǲСǱߣҿȥ
Ҹһ𡣡
û뵽Ԫܻӭ԰ȺιԵģ԰
˷ԪûüⲻǳԵҲǣĳ
ʱ֣ͣЩεؿ
ѽŮر𣬱˵ֻûͦҲܸɾ
ڶèˣѼء
Ҷͬѧڼߺ棬Ǽһ˶ҪҶҲڼҲȡ
ٹעţϽСˡ
ǵսʵ̫ǿˣ˿첽߽һˮг
ⲻ·ߵˮ꣬ʱˮ˵㣬ȫˮĵطгԶܱˡ
һ˺ܶ࣬ԲͲˣռҲװô
ڱ©ر޵Ĺ˿ͣῪ俴е̵ĲҪóҪ̯ó覴ùԸһЩļ۸žרģųЩóͬʣЩúÿĸˮһҲ
ˮгתһȦźܿһǳĸŮ˴ĲŰָͷָиǿȺͺȾԳ60ˡ
ôžͲǮȴ൱٣Լӿʼ
ϰֹҲֻ̫ܲ˵صģģʣһγģôҶô
Ůû̧ͷõصҿɲһ䣬Ķ࣬˵ģҪлõĸ飬ҾǿҶòģֲǲҲԿǡ
һ䲻⣬Ŵճһ䣬ϰüͷܼӬˡ
䶼ȫҪˣҰᵽȥɡ
˰ԷˣѸǰϰ彫óˮװʱװģصⶼʣµģɢ
һһ㣬ϰ֣
۸߰˿飬ֻҪ飬ÿˮѡһζõģֻʮһӣ棬۸÷
žԼֱ̫̫ˣŷԪȥ·ϲʱٺЦ
ԪҸ˵мɵģ׼ֱֺõģڿȫյ˾衣´ʲô˵
˷ԪѹͲҪʲôֻҪԣһվԶͶιˡ
ԪҪ˿޵˼ĵص̫ˣְ취ܷ֡
õ仰ϵЦɿ죬·һһĵģֵֻСȸ
ǵȻûʲôģ۲ˡ
á
ˮгũóгҪһ㣬ĺ֣һһֱżһ߳ȥ
ûع԰ѵ÷ԪһĴ䡣
ֻǻû߳ԶӭһСŮ͵ײ
Էƺ⾭Ŀĵģ˫ֽƵġ
ҵˣ
ŵһϤζſСŮ
ܰ׺ͷЩݻƣӵһЩԼĪʮӣУ·ϴķˣܸɾ
ܸɾŵһɷǳŵζζǮżŵĺơ
СŮһ˫۾ܴΪ̫źЩͻָסŵ½ǣСҿˣ֣
һȻ©֮ûԪͷСŮЩơ
СŮͬʱȴһ㶼ûֻǺµ˿ڿˮܰһ£ҾͰԼ׸Ե
ţ
ʲô⣬ǣǶԼʲô⣬ΪԼܺóôǰֲҪôȫ֬ʣԷžһͿʼ÷**ʳ
֮ܶԳһȤûС
Щ
Ϻ͵
ҡͷҥԺ˲ǳöһӱ粵תʵҰʲô
ɱһˡСŮɫŤ˵ǿҵĺ⡣
ҡͷҲԭģɱ޹ࡣ
޹СŮƲס󺰵
Χ߿סСŮ콫Ƨ¡
˵ǰҪɱ˭ʲô£
ôСĺӣṆ̀ôôǿҵĺ⣬ŶЩˡ
СŮŴ˻ŵҽǮţӦüǵġǮҵľ˾ˣ׾˾ˡ˵ˣٴηų޵ĹҪɱ˾ҵľ˾Ǯ
Ϊʲôʲô
һŵζɢ˺ܶ࣬ԭζƮɢǻżȿƳ޵ζЩ֮µǺ£ζûһϣ
ﻷסԼֱۡУУܿյû·ȥУӲܸߣĲӣȥ嶼ڷ
ŽԱߣסڳۣȫϺۼӲһֱӵСʲôҲûжһš
ﱻ˷ϵ޳ˡ
ſڣ·ģǧٱ飬˵ҽʮˡ꿪ʼǿңҺܺ£ÿ绰˵Ϊ˾ϲңҹԹĻָţţ˵ҳ˾ˣ˾ûдϹ˵ġɺˣȴװʲôûпӣţƴ˾˵Сһ㣬ᱻھЩ˵ڲ֪ó˶˵Ѿֻֻ̧סԼ塣
ŵüͷߵص˾һֱ㣿Ȼô˺̣
ԪԽһϵȥԭûֻΪľ˾ڴԶҪ⡣
żͷ˵һ
׵һŭͷ͵شվ׺ݵؿǰ
û๲飬ǽ´뵽룬һֳֻڵȥǿδ񣬻ó˺ۣǼֱ񼫣ֱӽֻҲΪ
ȹôʡ
ͷҡҡͷ˵Ҹҽ˵ȥǾͻӵң費ҪˣûеطȥˡҺú£˵˾ֻڸ棬Һۣ۵ÿҪˡˮߵһµһ͵̧ͷţԵҰɣһϴɾģζ
ܶ˵űȱֳԵҪѡ
ĬȻʹԴôҳûźô㻹ѧɣѧ뽻ô
ȥ룬ҲȥѧУˣҲҸǽᱻ֣˾˵˷ˣ´ξͻҸۣҺܾöȥѧУˡ
ĥֶżʶ٣ûϵһУֲֻͣͷһţ
ģһ㡣
񼫣Ҳ׳֣ɱֻ겻̫һ
ֱɱ໹кܶ취Խ
ʣûбҼǵྯʲôܡ
ɵصͷˣ˵ҿЦģҸǸ˵ˡ
˼ãǣ֣첻Ҫؼˣȥ԰ɡ˵ȥһһֱߡ
ɵظˡ
ץסһݣҪʲôиĽˡ
Ϣʱ䣬԰һЩ뿪
Ŵ˹԰֪ôεأֻҪסԼϾͲӰӡ
˳ֹοͽİ칫¥Ǳȥһֱߵֻͣзһڡ
ǰվһᣬŲͷϷİ칫ң԰Ѿˣ԰Ҳ졣
Դ
ﳯǰȥʱͷһۣǵһ£ǮźǮвڶߣĲңǿģҲ
èҪÿ컻ҩʱſǰ̨ɹ̫˯˿͵شӵؿ
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ͷֵ࣬극ڿ飬˸ǷˮͿվǰС
ˮɻ˳
ףôߵˣ·ô˿УǸѧУģʦһģ
ҡҡͷСǵģ㣬Ҷеʹһôסɫѿ˵
ã
ﲻ˵ٻȷʵһֱʹ
˰ԼϢϺ󣬷ʣۣҿô˵Ҫȥ
͵ؽ¼ˣ˻ŻɿסԼ֡
ϰ˰
ǣַС˵ʹ
ô
ûС
ˣʡںӳ磬͵СŮҲൽٵʱˣ֪
ʮ
ûµģҸ㵹ˮȣš˵Ҫ뿪û뵽ֱȴסˡ
Уֱܿһ̧Ӿ͵ȥ첲ϵ˲¶
ϽջӣͫһЩ̫ԡ
ǰߣӿۣ߶УֹߣӲӵӵȣУסĵطȫˣЩǱģЩǻˣˡ
ﱻĶŪЩʹµۡ
Ͻջ֣˺üβסڿʼʹԭˡ
ʲô֣סԼôﻹʲôˣ
Լûһشֻ̫࣬˵ô֡ǲ̫ΪʲôԼ
ϵôŪܸ߽ôǲǼˣ
ҡͷܸ߱ˡ˵סԼ졣
˿ұתƻԷûҸ㵹ˮʳԵ㡣
˱ˮ˱ŸհѶ£ͼڴҪ
ôˣ
ҧ촽㣬ȥ䣬Һ񣬺Ѫˡ
ߣҸһ𡣡
˻ûɹĵطͳѪ
ɫԽԽ԰ף˼ȵ绰Ͻ԰
԰԰ܿӰ칫ûֱӽȥվ̽ͷһۣ˺ڴȥæ
԰üⲻǮŵŮô
԰ⲻˣǶʶһЩ
Ժɻ󣬼ﺢϳصˣΪҳǮѵûз֣
ŴɢѪζζĶ㽫ȥĶ˳һţԪȥ
ˣҽҪƽ䣡


32 
뿪԰ֱӷȥǮż, ʱֻʣǮһڼҡ
ԭվǮĴϡ
и̨ͦӳϣɹܺ, Ӧԡִ죬ֻһ죬û谵һƬ
ƾų˵, ǽοһ
ֻʳյĴŸֵ, ǰ̨ԣڲƵ, ǮԵؿƵݣϹֹŹֵЦݡ
ֻ˼ɵ£ûдӣǮһ߿һ߿ٻζֱۣߵĴɢŲɢȳζֽš
, ŶƵǮҲͷζϵķŷ
ŻôʲôûֻȶҪĶˡ
ë׵һţҪٿȥ͸оһźɫԪ̧Լĳֱӽ߸ס, סˡ
, ࡣԪ
Դᶥĳ򣺡֪
ƵڲţǮֽ, ҲûӣŴ˳ȥ
ֱߵǼյķſʹ, š
ûӦ, Ǯһ, ûˣͷ̧ȥҳŷѵһЩžҪˡ
Сӣٲſôѵ㡣
ǾΣǮ˴Կףܿ콫Ŵˡ
ݿԭֻǸңСһֹֻһŵ˴һСӣϷ鱾ϵּ룬óдķǳù
Ǯûģǰƿ˴ϵıӣ²ûˡ
СӣǲǾͱҲˣ֪ץסʲôġ
Ǯȥ£ȷûˡ
˾ȻܳȥˣǮһ˿ңʧ̫ˣܿǮŴ绰
裬СӲڼң֪ȥˡ
Ǯűڸ̸ЦϽŵ绰Сﶼҹˣ
ҹˣûС᲻ֳȥǮص
Զģȥ
ǮżҴҵعҶϵ绰ͳҵķϡ
ûҵˣǮ㬵ػңƵѾŵĩβͣϴһŲţ˳ûʳԡ
ûٿʲôгӰһĸЦƬҲ֪Ϊʲôſţ沥ŵݾͱӣԭڻͻȻתͷԹޡ
ǮһҧʳϽ·ؼҪصӰɲôԶûκηӦڿǿʼԽԽԽԽ˾ȻֱӴӵ˳ΧС
ŵӽϸֽʵεսС
Ǯ۵üƴҪѣԽյþԽƤܿճһӡ
йɱңǱɱңǮʲôԸǣ
Ǯоֵغ
ɼȫ˵ʲôһسһӣžһºݺݳǮϣ۵໽ϵķһһ
öĤҪըˣһ㣬ǮȫκˣֻܴԽԽ۾￴ĺ¡
˹ش³飬һܼ֣ĳʱһһѵ
ǵϸַ
ĳλԽԽǮŵȫˣƴһҡͷ
ôҲֱֲӱжһһƬһƬؽǸطƬ
ǮһֱҪȥ
ôô׾ȥԴһ˲ֱѹ
ǮͺһĴȾһƬˮա
۵ú޲ȥĶħôҲϷŹ
̾òͷʵ̫ˣɵ˺һͷֲġ
ԪԱ߿ľɵ౾Ȼôײеһ棡
̲סн˫ȣëŶ˶
ʵǮһж۳Ļ󣬲ûĽĲλƬģǸطϵҲġÿ춼Ҫһʵʹ
ŷйһͨ̾ýѵ߿Դ
ûʲôžͱ˴ˣһŲæСܽǮš
һӵİߵſڣȷʵûڣתǮӡ
ûأ׾˽
ŸһͿһ̲һڴϻɧζûл赹Ǯ
ӣôˣ
һж޶ãһ˶ϡ
ȻϷһȫȴȫվڶߣԺʹȫ޶ãܰæסֱۣٿ˵
ſҪ϶ĵζѬˣһ붼ôªĵʵͷһμ
üˣֱסˣһǮʹһ˶ϡ
԰˾ϵһо飬˵ĵвܻ˵ʵܸʲô۶ӣйϵһ˵Ҫľ˲ܱʲôг޷˵ٻ
ַȸϴԻҪӣʱλ˻βˤ
ϡһһ㣬ۣҲ벻ͨԼΪʲôҪһɵࡣ
˭һֻƽ¿ƲסԼµצӡ
ˣȻȥ
ûٱΣŶһΧõķԪ
ԪҧסӽԼϣֱӻһˮҡȥĶҪˡ
Ϣһ¡ѷ౰ú֮Ԫ
˦˦Դվֱ壺û£ʵûôҿʮɽɽأöħֶҪҽ£ˡһȥ
˵ҪɣԪһסˡ
Ҵȥ
ãϢ
Ԫû˵ٴεҽԺָ·Ǻܿϵ˵ط
͵ҽԺͽң̫ã֪ԼˣʮĺӣϳӪҽԺͻ˹ȥ
ҽ˺ˣȾˣһͿҲûΡ
ֱۻ۹ûкúýͷˣ϶Ƥˣ̫أµİ̺
ҽҪըˣ⺢ӵʵ̫ˡ
԰͸԰վ棬ֻҽǻоôá
԰ߵԼԴֲ⣬һֱ߶ţǮſŲ˰ôᣬһֱ飬˭æԸҼѧദҲܺá
԰̾Ϣ֪֪治֪ġ
ӣǮһŮһӣϰ磬ӣЩŮƫģŮһֱìܣڸ˸ŮҲ𣬾ӵǮԼȥؼ겻˵ûֽˣµĺӣÿЩǮҲûŮ
Ǯһֱ簮ӣö޷죬ɴѧҲˣһֱڼϣԵԽԽ֣ƢҲԽ꣬ԭ˼ǮԼûģʮ඼ûȢϱ
ŮѹܴǮŽߣǮûע͵͵ӣʼô󵨵ʲôĳαײƺǮȷ˳ǮûûиȢϱǮԶԣĬ·
ǮԽҲԽԽ֣⺢Ȼˡ
ǮΣΣ˭Ķӣ֪±ֺǮΣҲֻܰæţвﲻ˵ȥҲκ𣬻ҪڶĹʱæʰо֡
԰򽻵ˣһʱ͸ϵҽԺ˽ǼʶľҲ־ŭ
ˣǶǹľ죬Ͻھ˽⣬ǮżңһǼ֪ھӱ˵СӿΪڼұӣҳˣǼ£ûˣҾˡ⣬Ǯİɣ
˵εԼһƣһˣ˭أΪǺѧϰһ١
һҲô޵
Ŀ죬ָҩϴһܿ챻˳ֻ˻ڻûѡ
ϾҽҽƿԹܸ˿һȡһЩͨȶԳʩ˭
һҽԺʣܿ뿪ǮżҸȥ
ǲǼӺߣҪѯ
żҽԺûʲôɿģھƨɺȥǮżңûп̫ζŵڶˡ
վڴ߸ߵ֦ϣžݽ˸
ʹǮźǮ˹ȥǮſֻµǮϣοһüΪڶ˸йٺܲãٿƣʱˡ
ѣǮѵģɻգգۣԴһѹ
ѽ죿ʲô£һ£ȥˮǮŸоܲãǲﱨ˾ԼôͻȻʧȥʶ
СסڵϡϾǮ￴ۣʵҪصռʲôֽӵȫǣֱӾȡˣֽӽ
Ǯ˵㣬ǲ̫ǰˣֻģоԼĳطʹʶȥһѣСһǳˡ
ǮɫƵؿǣʲô£˽լô
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Ǯ֪ˣｫ˸ѪͷŽôŪȥ죬ɳڵĻȴӱۣǸСӲ֪˵ȥˡ
ϾƵصɹú˵ǣ֪֪ˣ
Ǯ˵֪ɳڵĻֱˣȻ֪ˣǾǼСŪġ
Ǯ𾪵߿̫˵ʲô뺦ô
Ǯ͵סԼ죬ңҲ˵йҿ϶ײˣ˲ٿ˵ģⲻ滰
վԶҲܿ״Щز
㿴ҵķǲǺܺãһٻ˵ˡ
ԪЩ𾪵ؿˣŵ̫ˡȻǷˣֻСȫᡣ
ԼӾȻôЩĿ࿴ˡ
ֻϣҪԼϾͺá
ǱĶһֱۣӿסǮ֡
ֻǳ˵״Ǯʵ̫ˣȻײȥ
ϿӸȥ˾ְɣʲôھ˵
Ҳȥ̫ţ㣬㺦ˣңǮվҪܡ
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Сӹҵģҵ£ĴôǰңӦץ
Ѿ˵ʲôˣͬµ绰֧Ԯȴ
Ǯڽ£ĻԽ·дһСϣǸ޷ܺߡ
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ʱǰĩͲϰֵ࣬࣬ôྯעˣ۷׷ףеܵǮżſڳ
ȵǮźǮ˶̲ס̾ҪǮʵ̫ٳˣκݵģ
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ǽƣһȺãǮΪԼ湦ĺܺãʵЩͱ˿
˻Ժûʲôֿɿ͸ŷԪ
ڼţҲǴӸԴϽ鷳ЩҲúֻǲ֪ᱻΰá
֪Լ£ҪҪҲϴ
ҡҡͷ춯÷̫ΣһˡԴתشˮϣ緹
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Ŀʯ֭ҺĴɽûԭķ౴ŵǰؾȫȾ˲ĺɫ
˲˺ӣЩû״صͷԼһۣëҪԼ֭Һɾ
ԪĶûסԴġ
֪ΪʲôֻСԽԽɰˡ
˦˦Դ鷳ɴֱſȳһ죬ĦĦëѵëһվ֣ɫûһЩ
˵ɫͦÿġ
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ֺԶ˹״ɻʵϴڸʲô
һȦ̵ʣ㿴
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33 
ֺջΥԼĿš  21
ϴ, ÿ
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൱ɰ, ֻкڰɫ, Щɫ޵ûȡ
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ţתӱ, еĳӰֲǰݻƵ«έûɾ, ǲŪ, ЩԼѴ, ԰ֻܱԭ״¶صĻҲܲء
ţ൱ϸӲŴһʹۿƯˮһˮˡ
ſˮǺԶȴҲжξ룬ţΧͳбȥĹͼ
ŵëʵͦˮģˮŽһ£Լ͸˲źϴƮŲˡ۾ؿˮ磬ʪеܶ࣬԰˶꣬Щ˶꣬԰ֹ˹̵̣ٶȸȺֳٶȣȥһܶϰ׽
Ⱥȥ֣Щιȥҧëë
źŤ岻ҧסԼȺɵĸƮģ͸оʲôһ¡
˸Ƥϣſվ˸ͼİֻŶȽˮʱеˮΣա
ţһһöԽͬ飬û뵽Ÿ䣬ͼֻԭΪѾͻȻˮſˮĽ˦һ
˦ϵˮֶƤϵɫȻûˣź˼룬ôÿɫôͲԼء
צӲϱĹӣһһĵس
ţ۾άԭƲҶ¾ŵһֱűĵǰԴϣԴˡ
ʱ򸽽ͬҲ˹ͼˮ˵ʲôȫӰˮʲôûС
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ͬºٺЦţקĹӽ
ŷɻԪѾ˰ʯԶͦޣֻʯ񲻳裬ʯһſűȰڷһߡ
Ǹģԡ
ŲʯˣЩʯ֭
գգۣ״ʯƤԼߣʯ֭Ƥβһ̣嶼ѽʯʯƤɫҺУһֻ¶Դʯʳ¯
Ԫ
ŽԼݽȥŷ־ԪԶû취ѽˡ
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ԪԴʺţʲôʱϲۺɫˣ
˵Ŷʱһϴҿɿˣһۺɫë㲻ϲΪʲôë
Ԫˣһͼԭʧܣֻһɫëŷˡ
ԩֱֲܽͣٿĪ磬ֻܱ
ңûУڰɫҲͦÿ
һģصͷëڰο㲻صԼãҲЦģʵǶһɫûıˡڳûȾɫĽҲû취ϧ֮ǰռëˣ´ռһЩëʱѤõë¡
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һӣͻȻЩ뿴֪ԼǷʱʲô顣
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ͷŵԴس£Ԫĺܴ󣬺úϢɡ
š
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Ժֻǵýٽܳ嶯
Ǹ죬һһƱ鲼ϣһҹȥֶѻ˲Ҷ
һȴʯƤط˳ݹЧȻ罦ϵЧȫͬԴƤǷǳȵĺɫ
ԼֱҪԼԵˣʹҡķԪ˷ܵʣ㿴Һòÿ첻죿
ԪЩԵؿ쵹Ǻ죬Ⱦûͦÿģԭëǳ͸ںɫҲЩ͸УرעĿ
ǣֻȾ˶ƤԴǰ׵ģ޷ȥƴӻһ˵Ļ
ҵŵЦֻһϵصܺÿԴǰɫ
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ԪֻС񣺡ͦȡ
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СԪΥĵصͷǸϲɫСౣһ޻һ
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ϴòеޣܵУƵһ񡣡
ͿеˣȻҲûҪĵز
ȥ֣תԴƨɶŰn_ˣ㲻˵ˡ
˵Ų˴ߣվ֦ϸɻؿ
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˵ֽȺһ١
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ףֻƯʲôǰû
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ĳȸɫ
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ǴȾϵɫɽȸëëرɫ
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ԪڿϻˣҵëëСȥʯζģÿδëʱ콫ֻСһȥ
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ϵĸףĸԶأŮǾƬ̣һֱڵ绰ǮǮֲĻֱüй˰໰ϣܵҽԺĸ׻һתʾԼСӲһ꣬ûչˣ߲
ǮźǮֻЩԶڣ£ҪܳʱƺҪչˣԶݿûôġ
ϵô
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ȫҪĸشϴ
󲻿޲ֻ֣ǰڴϣʻʿҪʱЩʹҲֻҧ촽ţʹܹĥȫֵһᡣ
סĲ˿һֱ濴Ϊ£ʵֻڵȴǸϣֳ֡
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˲֪ãͻȻһڵ㣬ڵԽԽ˺ɫһֻɫС˴⡣
Ϊ˷ֹ¥ҽԺĴӼǷģûзҲֻƳһƿķ϶
СӣΪԼˣɫ̫ԾЩʧ
Сû뿪һֱ
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ΪռƷģѾӾ֪ź;˾˶ץ˶Լ¹ϲ䣬˵˸ûѯʵ£ڡȶԽˣֺ˾Ǯ˷ָ£Ǯٺָܶأʮ궼ԳǾ֤ġ
ǮΪӷҲش˶Ұ֮У̶ˣٳʹûдһһδӡ
û뵽ô򵥾ͽȻĲһǮûĵϣһȫʵˡ
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лл㡣ЦͷһηĵЦʢŵĻһ
ûסͷûӦ£εĽϣ㲻ҪԼ׸ҡ
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ﵥ־ס½ǣƺʵЦһ£ȴؿ˺һᡣ
ͷһƬп
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Ͱ͵أȫǿ
Գ˵µֶ˵Ǿ꣬Ǿңɼϣ⡣
֪ԼҲ˲һˣֻҪ뵽ϻִֻĳطػԼĪðģԽĿ־Ҳࡣ
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ס죬ʾԼԲ˵ȥ
Ц£úˣɡ
ȷʵ˵ȴǵģǰϵʹ࣬˿ϡ
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ͷţֱС񲻼˲ջߡ
ʿƿˮʵڿʲôȥô
ĬĬҡͷָʣǸġ
ʿµǹ԰ɡ
ȥ԰
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żǵˣЩЦ̧ͷܳʲô㣿
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34 
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ëôóˣ֪жζ
ֻҪһ뵽ĿˮܿƵص
, ĿԳôŵʡʼ񵽷ԪʱͳԹ, ϧֽʵ, ѹҧ
ԪǵһҪ, е棬Ҳŵ뷨е档
ȻԼ
ſԼѡ
ſĲֿظ, ۵Ȼǳ, ϶óԡ
÷Ԫ⣬Ȼе㲻ġʵҲûгͬϲãǷԪζʵ̫, ǳǳ֪ʲôζġ
˿ڿˮҪҪһѪ, ҳζͺˡ
Ԫüͷ΢塣
żе㲻˵, ѹˣҾǿЦġ
ǷԪֻѪǷѪ, ޱȣѰԣѪһ, ǳΣա
ŲͨиԼһ, ֻһҲûʲô⡣
ҲǲСʧ
̧, ܿ, һѪ۳ѪҺѰĺɫǷŽ⣬Ӵ֮ܿ˳һ̶СĽɫӣӱֹʸУɷǺÿ
ӳֵ˲䣬ŨζϮһɼȵˣΧĿ˼ȡ
ëë·ֻصĸо
˲ͱǿζסˣݽ˾ƸһԴֱӾˣȫѡ
๲ԾǰǰԽŵþԽ󣬺޲ϽӸ̳븹ӷǿҵĹͲԾڿˮ
Ҳ֪Լôô˰ûԹһ쳣ǿҵ**߶ԵǰĶ
Ҳ֪ΪʲôѾõʳǰˣһ˿ǾȻֹҪԣܳԡ
·˾ͻʲôصĺƵġ
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ԪЩɻؿţԵģôͣˡ
ôˣˣ
ԴΪƬ̣һ˲˸ǿҵջ֮С
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ǰԪֻΪռëëȤãڲŷпܲ
ë֪Ҳ̺ëºͣԳƵϺõʳ
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ˣһֻƴķϻѵ˴
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ԽԼô룬ԽƲסԼ뷨ʼԼӼŵһ顣
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̫ƣԪ𾪣һЦֱܿ˻ȥⲻʲôֵø˵£൱
ǰžֻɵ񣬿ĴԼѰʳжãԼصʳιԣҪúչ
ˣӦ÷ŭģɷԪԼȻȫһǾֻɵĺܿɰ
ҲС౵֮ɡ
˭ԼϲأҲֻгˡ
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Ԫغ棬뿴ֶܼãǲٶôš
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šԪЩҴţԴССظϣĿڻţš
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ҪŻһ취취һˣܺܳܳһʱ䶼޷ȥѰԼĸĸ
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ͷһһɲǣ·ɽ𶯻ӦԭߴߴŵȫſڵϺ֦ϣķ򳯰ݡ
Ӱ䵽˷Ԫϣɫëʧȫһֻڼ˸߹ķˡ
սβ;Сȫ˿϶๶๣һʵл³ܿſбȥ
ԭСС·ҲʼմһƴСС
ֻ񽻾ȫϲ˿϶
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֮󣬷Ԫ΢ͻȻǿֻڲ֪ͬƵҲһģһ
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ɫȥ﷢״˶ûһ෢
ֻмǿǲҿһ綼ɡ
ǹͻȻֵҲֻ÷ֵο;׵Ժ԰ĹԱǾҵҵæµţοͣʱһʩ԰°ؼҡ
ǼʮɽϷ˵С⣬ԪʱɢĹâɽΪɽ
׳ɽʱһʧ޴˱˾ȫװٸϵ˵طŷʲôûУһ˿Ƕûг֡
ɵʱĹâܶ˶ˣο˶ʮСƵ֤ȷʵ״
Ӳĵֲһ飬̵ֻܹƹЧЧҲʵˡ
λɽܵ˵ǵƹЧһֻ߲ʴ񣬻Ž⣬ۿġ
ɽĴ˲ţ㿴ӦͶӰЧɣڿƼ
ҡͷбˣȻ۾û
Ҳǽ
ǣ϶ɽ񡣡߶߶˵ţֻţһЦ֮û˷ϡ
µ̸֮һûˡ
һҹȥչ԰ɴֵ
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æòֺϢʱҲѹ˶ʮڡ
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ο;ף˵ˣһߣǳ衣
ӣǵù԰˵ϲˣ˵֪мԽϲ԰Ҳ԰ι
è˿ɽʼ޿ֵسÿлβݺв
ֻβݺŵ߷ɹͼѰԼĿɽ
Ż˯ôûѹϴҲϴһ˯ˡ
βݺŸտͱ̵ĴϽԶˡ
ڵƬǻصһԽԽȣǶҿˡ
ɽβݺֻܴӿ칫ǨԶĽ䣬ٱèϮ
˯죬죬졣
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۲˼֮סˡ
ǲˣȻôһ㶯ûУ
ˣûп˿ڰ
̫ˣ˭˻ȥƣ
ʵ̫ߣܡȥҲ̫ʵŽ˻һƽʱԪѹڳ£Ҳģ֪Ƿ˻Ǳѹˡ
ֻҲע⣬һȺ˶˻Ϸȥ
Сĵ㰡ײˡ
վһԽµʼĩھ͸һ
˻ܿɵһ˱̨ʼǱԣʵʱʾ˻Ļ档
ӻܿԲƵһֻɫ۾ڴëҲ΢΢Ź⣬Ѿӣ»ưë¶΢־ȵػζƺСں
ԣֻûֻ˯ѡ
ţû˿ڣⶼˣôһֱ˯
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ûأʲôߡ
ܲԼô˫۾עţԪ˹˶Դ۾ۣܿͷϷĻ
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ž˯ëűǰӽ岻ûԲ˼֣һ㶼üûûȵӣ״̬õòˡ
Ĳʳһֱ˯˰ɣТѧʱûѧʿǰʲôһֱ˯
Ŀǰûо顣
԰飺Ҫ취ȥǴһ°ɣ
˿һ顣̫Σˣȱٹ۲죬ʵڲȥ
ԪûҪ˼סٴ˯˹ȥ
һ˯ȥ˳꣬εϴλҪ綼͸ˣˮλ˲٣Խ
ԪŻСౣůһΧһԲ°͸Դϡ
ʵʵش͸ëϣֻٵð
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оеȣǴɢģ˿Ӱ첻ůݵ̹òˡ
ǽϵ̫ˣЩ͸
˿ǳζڱǶˣ彫쿪ѹϵƿŻ۾
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ԶһЩĵطֻڶë˳ë˦µˮ飬ֱС
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ǳظоԼʵ˺ų̈ףжԼҲ̫ˡ
ҪһǣԼоˡ
磬껹ûͣϸ紵ϵ񶼶һͬ鼷һȡůǰطԪ¶ˣ˿о⣬ͷ·綼ص죬紵÷ǳʣֻϣܸһźá
ԼôˣôͻȻʵǣ
ԣȻʱԺԼǵһб仯ǴԵһѪӿʼġ
ֻһѪѣôôǿЧ֪ĻΪ̵˷Ԫڵ
Ųȥעһ·ԪԪ˯ëûǰôɿˣȴҲֻ΢ָһЩһ۾ܿǺܺãȸռʱҪ
Ԫմë;һ£ܱȫûǰůĸо
ô
ɵظϽԴȥڣֻԸо΢
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Աȸռ񵽷Ԫʱڵ̬Ѿ˾޴仯ʱͲ÷ԪԼܱһ١ɾʱദѾȫԪԼҪѶǸ㻹ëҲ˶ˡ
ɷԪڵǿҪˣû¶ȣһμʱҪ
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̫СֻõѾ㹻ǿˣڶγʧȥζ
Ԫ壬˿ųſ๡
ɫɢĹâг֣ܿʧڷԪС
񶼲֪ԼΪԷʲôȴʶˡ


35 
ɫӸһԪ, ȥ
ҲǰԪȽԼڵź˵ڵں֮УԵڵԪȥ֮󣬲ûκų⡣
ʧȥȫΪ, ԪҲֻʵķ, дܿ챻µڵ, ˷ӿ, ̶Ͷ뵽ɫڵ֮С
, ԭɫһȾ˿ɫ, ͵ŰԵĻϢɢ
һֱŷԪ, ëë, ԭ΢һǿԭҲʼָ¶ȡ
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վ, ͷŴµźá
, ͵ط˵ϣˣڸоôǲǰԼڵˣҵ׷ʲô£
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Լԭɫڵһź׽ӵӣҲɫһɢӵһֲԼоָĳɣҲֻԭȵɡ
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϶˶ԷϢֻҪһֱߣµΪԼġңǰΪųܲڵû취ֻܲȡֶΣ˫һ¡
Ԫе飬ʱȲѣûŵ
ǰΪԼᵥһӣûжκйĶĸо¶Էıٿɰﶼûʲô
ÿοһٷŵԼĵߣÿ춼øһ˼ʲôֻǵһ𶼲ġ
ԸΪԼҪĶ
Ԫ֪ǲϲųָо
Բû뵽ҵѪ̫⣬˺ܴǻ̫Σûİ취ͽڵ㡣ǲҲ
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Ԫ֪˵ʲôûӣҲ̲סЦǣоû¾ͺá
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ģСܣҿ϶ᱣġ
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һǿƲסس߷ȥ춼ѾɵӱԵʯ·ˣмֻȵοԴϡ
οŵ֨ҽгԱ߶㿪ͷǾۼĵطڰߴһ󣬵ûдȥ·ˮ
Ż֪ԼȻܻӭ԰Ｘ񶼴չӭع飬ǧֻһͬеһ𣬼ʲô壬ҲȫΧˣΪԲķӿڿǸ޴ɵԲΡ
ôȥɲð඼ҪˣſƬ̾˲ѹϽУɢҪΧԼˡ
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޴ּɢûһжָ
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βݺǼ延ڷĴ󵨵䵽˵ϣҪ֪ǿǺܾöûʳˣҪɲˣ;ССҪˡ
뿪βݺվҳ԰һȦƬ̾;׼èλá
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͵͵ruaһèشϷ
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С֣ͷ̻Դգֱһˡ
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Ƿİɣʱ°˵Ҳûж룬˲̨Ͽʼ˿ڡ
ſһᣬûб⣬뿪ˡ
βݺʱǹûԣСìСȷʵ٣²Ҳɱ⣬ҶĬϹ򣬻ɤűë֦˭Ӯ˵̾͹˭Ҫų
ռһƬʪغʪرߵһƬ࿿ĺӰﱾǰn_ǻһ͵ãôʹ򲻹ҲûôԵҺƽҲûС
ŷһȦͣϹ۲СܵûעԱڣ̸۰ԣ˵¡
쵽ҲȥһˣͷԪ˯ʱЩã֪ôˡ
ԭǮûеȵоɱˣ˵Ѻʱÿ춼űɱң񱻹һ״̬쳣ײǽɱˣ״ҡǮ֪ɱһҲɱǱʱȥҽԺֻĴ־ҽԺֳһΣûȻ
Ľճ㹻˸пˡ
һûˣô찡
һֱף˵ͨDNAȶԣҵˣˣԶأ˵һǰ͵òˣǱߵүү̻ڣĸ׻и㣬ǰ첻ǸϹô˵ԸҲԸȥ͵Ժˡ
Ǿͺã⺢ӹֿģϣԺܺúõġ
ҲΪеģԺ˸ңˡֻܵ˺ûôĨȥֻܿԼ޷̫ࡣ
ҡҡͷֱӷɻѡԪ˯ˣԾɱģȽϴԼһţֻɫĴ
ЩΣȥԴĳ򣬽Լ¡
ܸоԼȣС¯һ
ȻԪһоĴڣ£ǰסʣˣ
ţˣ˯ɣҪҪԵ㶫
Ԫҡͷ˯
˵ͼ˯ˣߣ״̬ԿʼתĳҲһת¡
ź˿ڷԪ֮ǰٳȥΪáϾڵԼȻ״̬ȷԪúܶ࣬ҲҪʱű۾˯
嶼סŽסԪ壬߼ܲ͸硣
Ҳ֪ΪʲôŷԪ֮ͻȻԼĶ￪ʼ̣¶һֱӸӵȫԭ׵ëҲȾ˵ɫйɵشëںһ
ȫԪڵסˣĺҲȫˣûһ񿴵


36 
һ԰ڰ칫ſ̾
԰ʱһһ, ûûˡ
ʲô£԰Լ۾ʣصزô
԰Լͷʮ, ֵ׳, ͷҪԼͺˡ
Ҳ֪Ǻ»ǻ¡ֻһ̳, ڽǹ԰, ȫûǹ԰ôÿôֵ, ʱ乫԰﷢Ĵ¼ȫ̵һȦֺ120Ϊ԰ˡ
οˮɱҹ͵ɷ򵱽ʩԱСŮŰ, Ȼһ¸޹, ȷֺͱǹ԰
̶ڣ˹԰, ˵ÿܶҪһˣ120ҲǼسǰ, һû, ˷Щɻôôƽ
̵֮ǹ԰һ
Ĺ԰
Ϊ֤Լ˵, ֿʼ̵㹫԰﷢Ĺ, ȸ쳣䣬͵߲ͣкŹ԰йȺͻȻۼͻȻɢĹ쳡
кܶѧ޷͵飬кܶණȷʵ, ֻûпѣ԰ԼԴ֤жڡ
һ԰ɭֹ, 乴θ, ȥЩ¡
ûӾͱ̳ҳ, һЩȥ԰ıҲ˵
ȥ԰, Ǳߵ𴦵Ĳ̫һرԣ˵һһ³Զһ̧ͷֱֻؿңˡ
ҲһΣǰʱ¹ͦʱͻȻӭ洵һů磬ʱΧûκνκε豸ǹůƾչģ͹̶һΧڣǸΧûˣǸطʲôûУôģ
ԣ˵㵱ʱǸĳˡ
԰ûӶ֪԰﷢ô¼ҲЩˡͻ԰ǲжڿĸˡ
ҪҪȥҸĵʿ԰յ԰ߵʵ
԰ȫ侲ش԰뷨ûǮ
ô죿
԰Ҳʲô£Ȼô࣬ûֳжǶԹ԰Ҳûлģû±ô¹԰ȴǰֹȺ۶ȴǣר˵Ҫ⿼ʪضֲ
԰͵̧ͷѾǳ֮ɫ˲ݹ԰ôû뵽㣬˵ЩģǸ񣬲ʿ˵ҪҪ׼ʲôл߸ϵ㹩Ʒ
԰̲סס۾ڵԼı飬԰ʲôã̫ˡ
㿪ľͺá
Ҳ֪ʲôһĶϲô죿
԰סǾʲôܺù԰ͺˣһʲôŭɾˡ
Ҳ׼׼԰͵վͳߣΪ̫컹ˤˡ
԰Ͻǰ
Ҳ֪ôô죬мС԰ĸ˶ֱֻˡ
ҾʹҿĹ԰˵﷢˲޷͵¼֪ûж֪ô¡
԰ԷĻңҺ԰֪ȻҪԼͷˡ
ϵӿŶԹ԰˽⣬֪סڸľдĻǹ԰Աдģ԰üһ¡
ʵ´Ĳȫǻ£ȱľǺغ͵Ӵˡ
ǰΪطƫƧ԰οʹ඼˻ߴӳģռȲߣһһ磬Ҫĩƽˡ
ǰô֪ﻹиôĹ԰ûôҪϿڶ֪
ֱд棬ҲУԼû
˵ԣˢģ԰ֻر񼦵ĺ֪ôҪԵģ֪ܲܿõ
԰ֻèԲԲĺÿɰ˫ֻ꣬ԱοͰĹ
԰еԽԽοбԹȥºзգ̫࣬ŲأǾҪͣǸŹֵķ׼ǣߴߴĲ֪˵ʲôʱ򻹴ģǿһЩʱҪһʳûˡ
Թ鱧ԹС»鷳š
˯죬ˡ
ѹϵĴɽһԪ۾ҲûһһֽԼǰ
Ŀһ£ҲܾȣϵëĿˡ
ȻŵӷԪϴζֻǱûôˣһϲԵĲˣԳԵҲסԡ
ʳھôڷԪ߷ǳģֺĸоȫȫоǰȫûСӦԼڵϵԭ
ôԪԼӦҲͬĸо
ͻȻ˿ŻǾúܲ˼顣
ŷԪŵ۾ȥϵëë
Ԫɧŵ˹ϢһûǰôˣҲվ˶ëһ
ʣô
ˡ
ҪԶô
á
ҲûǿӲʳʱ򼸸²ԶҲ
Ԫڵ״̬أʵҲǺԼһˣڵֻһ㣬ԼʱӦö䲻ԭˣʲôô֪
ȥתת
Ҹһ𡣡Żǲ̫ģϡ
ԪĴһ³Žֻƨһ
ҪԼڵԪֱֱշȥƬƬƶƮڿУԽԽߣͷһǳտֻʣ˺ڰ
Żûзô߹Ե̫֮ûʲôȤʲôûУû䡣
̫ˣͷ޾ĺڰ̫ůĹҲ⡣е飬ֻܽŷԪ治ˣϲֺڣе
Ԫ̫ˣǻȥɡǰ溰
ԪͼֲסˣҲ䣬ҧջָһЩѹեѾ˿ҪıԵŵǿڵҲڷתɫĹһתɽɫһһӡ
ôŰĻָٶȼӿ졣
ԪŴʱֻͷϿյĳ㣬ֱһץס壬קȥ
ģоԪ״̬̫ãļˣȥֱǰץסĽŽק׹ȥֱ׹ƲϣǰһɵԪƤ²忸С
ԪݻһֺܿѹžϰˣҲˣôԼҲò˼顣
ûʲôÿģҴȥĵطתתɡûոΪʲôҪôʲôûһɤ˵¹С
˵ʵҲһ뿪¹УϷȴֲôϣϾкܶɽһɽ;൱׽ϾҲôɽ
һǷɵһܳɽͻȻָ·ǰӦûɽģ㿴Ӹ߿տһߣ
ԪͷȥȻɽģܿͷβ
üطƺȷʵһ£ƬûκҲûֳ֣ɽǵɽѣѵ󻯳ɽ
ë׵һţԼ˯ʱʲô£Ը㲻ףҲ˸
֪İǰʲôôʡ
Ԫɻգ۾ʵһֱڶûиʲô˼ֻǴŵﾳˣźһԭǶԻˣӵͬƺҲһ
ʼЩɣǲǸ˵ĸ̫һ
ûܻôõģٺҲٶ꣬ʱȻϻҪôɻеģһ޷κ֮仯ֻѡһάֵȥһ졣
ŵƺ˲ֹİ꣬İ꿴ŻճĳһԪܵ˳ģؾġ
ĸûдм䣬ȫܣ˵ͻ£ûȵǿˡ
ŻڵĻش𣬷Ԫֻܴۣ֪
ʱҲ˯ô
ԪʵôǿûлɹͣزпǱԼĻҪøĴԷԪҡͷΪԼһĳ˯ˡ
Ԫ˵һԾҪԲ̫ƭˣ̹Լʱ䲻˱壬ӦҲᳰЦ
Ҳʵʱ
û˵Щʲôžҡҡͷˣܸġ
Ԫ΢̾˿´Ҹʱ̹ס
ǰɽ̣ĴɽҲ㼣ǿξ㣬洦Լˡ
·ש¥ûټǰת԰ȥ
ڵ࣬Ѿûֵռˣֻܸ๲档̾š
ûͻ֮ǰӣ᲻ǰֱӴɱ䣬ɻĴˡ
ٶȿ죬ûһСʱͻص˹԰ʱ䲻ʱ֣Ϊ԰һЩͷԵ˿ʼڹ԰̯ˣ͵ҲӾתƵ˹԰ſڣ˸СԣõľǶͯߡ
̯ȥԶէһȻΪ֡
Ŷ·һҹ֮ð̯ĸȤûѣŷԪǻһ
⸽ֻ͵ûСԽ֣ʳȲȫŵһȥӵʱ˲СԣҲֻԹһξûˡ
С̯ȫȸ濾泴濾⽽ӣӦоС
Ƿ㣬԰ûй͵ĵطһЩֻʳ˷׷׳԰ӿڸ̯ǰˣ̯ϰæ÷ʳζһӿ
ŲҲҪԷζǲܿƵ˿ڿˮüûԹҲ֪ڵĽӸǰζǲһӵĻ㡣
ʮǮһݣС顣
߿飬һ壬Ҫô
Ȼôˣˮ˶ˡ
źɵشŷԪɣԪһֱС̯ǻ֪ˣתͷЩɻ󣺡ˣôˡ
ȰͻϢȥ
Ԫڲֿ̫ҲԵ̫˵㣬ӲֹסطɵͣڿУڲϢȥɡ
û£
û¡
ǰȻˣǿһ£ָٶȼӿЩ״̬ȸҪá
ת˸ٴγ԰ȥϴηֵ˴Ρ
û֣ڱ仯·е⣬ֻڹʱĳЩǶȲܿ߶ȹ⣬Ҳڷ⣬ûʲô仯Ӳ˸оǰҪ֣ԣҲ˷˵ƣ߹ŵĹƵġ
ԪЩŲߡ
һѽϹЦߡ
ԪƤ˼֡
ȵȵȡͻȻ
ôˣ
ȥĽŲջأԪغһߴ󼸷ֵ˲ǰ
£ϴֻõԪϷɫĹ⣬ѹû٣ڲŷŨīزʳ쳣֪ԭʲôżΪֻȸɾˣǰֻȸҫۼ֡
ΨһвɫЩ԰ףҲ˼ͱ˵ơ
ԪһֱԼЩģǣס⣺߰ɡ
ŹſˣҲûעⱻǣŵ֣עҲ˦ǣûʲôϵ
ɫ̫ãλ᲻̫ˣ
ᡣԷԪ˵ʵûֻ̫ԭλָѡ
˸Ƶģһ·˵߶ת˹ʱʱо̾
ĸô֪
ĽĿû鰡
Ҳ̫ÿ˰ɣð䡣
ųֱС̯ȥҲû˵ߣȴӵһ̯λʼ
Ҳȴʳʱһӽʻǳûйأһڴ߳ǵһǺ֮ɫ
Ǹ㣬ǡתͷȥ˶һۡ
˿ŶԷһ㶡
ֻԴһǱʲôһϤĸо¹ȥ˼Ҳɲʧ
ֲԾؽס˷ԪƣԽԽ죬¶ҲԽԽߡ
Ԫһֱע״Ҳתͷ˳ˡ
Ǹˣֻͨͨ˵㣬ݵģü˵ĸоźᣬӦǺܺ˵Ҳܺ۸ˡϴŸεĹ׹⡣
ź߾ûŲһݣǾڻʲôüͷҲ
ԽԽԶڻͷ嶼Ť˹ԵĻΣգɻس
Ԫֵ֪ע⣬ֱԶûлع
ʶƵĲ̫ġ
űһ͵ػعûעֱ״εص˵ˣ˲ξתˣϤĸоҾϴ̫ˣʵ̫ˣתǵӦòǵ˰ɡҪڸк᲻̫ͻˣౣҸ˵ʲôǲҪҽܣͨ࣬Ӧò˵ҵʵݣԣ඼֣һҲҸô죿
ּֽţһλûסĳˡ
Ԫ
ڻȥʱԼüôȻתôǸˣ
ô


37 
Ԫ֪ôӦűȽϺ, ȴֲĽ
סŬǣÿʲô˳ȻȽϺá
ͬصͷ˵Ķԣ̫һͼıͲ, ôô
˵˰ͷ, ֳ˳·ԭӦëˡ
ԪһɵģᵽҪðˣԭͲ԰׵ɫӲ԰
ǳÿһֱ͵㡣
ΧɨһȦ͵˲ջ߲Ҹ, תĿЩٴνϣֱܣ˶ᱻ, ҲƲסԼ
ܿС̯õϵĶװеݹǵĶˡ
ŴαװĿڴһƱ, гһŵ˹ȥ
ϴˮպýǮˣֻġ
С̯ʱסˣǮ˰ҲûдǮ⣬ֽ𲻹, ΢ô֧Ҳԡ
Ϊѵҡҡͷûдֻ, ֻֽ𡣡
С̯һ˿û˼ķԪɨ, ֽӹǮҪһˣҵ˵Ǯҡ
ſʼоִĲ֮, ûֻÿҪһĹ̡
Լʱֻ, ֻձܹ, ˵õֻҪ, Ǯȫ, ǰ̫һֱû
ԪǱС̯һ۸ɨ£ԼģŮԼʱҪǮĸʱͨá
ڴտգһëǮûУն˵ǻڣõ㶼㹻ˣǲòô
ԪͱһƣɫҲȫ
ȻȴС൱ƣһԭϵ˲˰ٷ֮ʮܾԼһ۾ҪᵶڵԼ۾һɲ
ŵûʲôԪƶûκӰ죬ɳ˵ϲϣ߲ס뿪ķ򿴡
Ǳǹ԰ͣһԷ԰ϼװż˼ӦÿС
С̯ܿ컻ǮˣչǮûҴս˿ռ䣬һųһסԪ԰첽ſȥȫû˳ԶȤ
Ǳ߳ϣ񈐱קǰ˻Σ뿪ЦصôŮɵˣ
棬ոûпŵĳ࣬ȹֻ̫˸ӰӣֻǸӰҲܶ϶Ӱӵ˾ԺƯ
գۣŲϵĹ׹һãȻص֪Ҹоһ벻ˡ
̲סЦģѾô׵ĴڨʽѵİɣӺܸߵǸ
ָо˵ž;һϤǾԶ֮ǰһ
ѵǰʶԵˡˣطˣȰѶɣỹܼġ
ƾǰڽﻻǮʱģƬ˵Ҫģصˡ
һԱװ꣬Ҫ·գһֱ԰÷羰Ӱʦһ·⾰ˡ
ѣΣҪ˵Ҳر죬ͨѽܵġ
ŴС˳԰ϣӰģĲɵسΧ
Ÿϵ԰ſڵʱҲҪ԰
ĻɴյĶ࣬ƱԱСͶЩյ˼ֲˣƱͷ˽ȥ
ҪռطҿܻӰο͵Ҫǰ԰˵ģÿζҪշѣȻշѲߣһ١
ŽռûܵƱƱ
ͷһλԼǮǰſܻһ£ֱǺɵؾ͸Ǯ֣ûۿۣһʮ
Ԫ԰һֱûзſŵ֣ԽԽ
ŵʱں֪ز˷Ԫԣͣ˵Ĳͷ
岻ˣɫôѿ
ûУҺõúܡԪƽҲޱƽ
ͷһᣬǸоڲģ룺ǣҵ˲ξ
ûУҺΪ㿪ġ
ץͷ˸˲ξദʱ䲻࣬Ԫ˲ξ֮Ψһһѣмմ˼֮ã֮ദκԷĶҪˡ
ǺͲҪˣֻ뿴ڹĺòãǲҲûϵϾǲͬ·ˡԺҲཻ̫ˣֻܻ꣬Ҳ˯һתȥһˡ
Ŷ˲ξһֱڻʱԽԽöԼĴԼһǿͲܿҲˣôֱ꣬Ҳûͻ
ڿת˲;ýˣһֱѹͷĵҲȫ
˱ãöزõı֣Լ¡
ҲǼҲ˵
ľżƽͣһѾ񈐵Ӱˡ
ΪıȽżѰλãͼҴ˳԰ߣͷҲֻܷ
һطлҲȥˡһλǮ԰úúù䡣
ǣŷԪ֣ǰȥ
࣬˱ȺУΧγһմصرܿһֻ͵ߴӸֽǶ͵ġ
ƽϷҲûù԰ж߶ïʢڲŷȷʵͦߣΡ
ɻؿɢϴͶϴϢ࣬ߴߴ
״Ʋ̧ͷգգۣһ
ԭе˲ͣס˽·סһ㡣һ
ϴˣ
ʲôϴȻ࣡
ôģΪʲôϴ󻹻ôô찡
һʮʮ٣ԽԽԶܿ԰Ƕ֪ˣصһԳ߷ɹͬضϳ·Щľͷɵͷϡ
֨֨ϴıˣϴҲ̫˰ɣ
Ҹոտˣϴǿյġ
ֻʣϴ࣬Ժǵϴô
ǶʱĬŻʱ򣬲ʲôƷǶͬ࣬ˣҲ֪ܲٱ񣬻ܽͬô
Ǹձûû빫԰İͷ̳ȺûʲôʶЦھǡģϴܱ˻ã˵ڲˣ໹˺ôѽǼʶǳ벻ͨ
԰ǶʱȻϴȻԽԽã඼ܴܣǻʲôµġ
ϴ䣡
ϴߣҲ֪Ǵĸжġ
ڱߴߴŶȫǸ߰˵ͺûסЦͿһ£ܿ죬ոջڽµ˲졣
˶ûע⵽ЩСֻýĶ࣬תͷֻȥˡ
԰͸԰Թ԰ǾĵģǰοͲʱҲάĺܺã˶ֽ̻һ԰һ⾳
ŷԪͣͣӽ¿ȷʵƷ˺ܶ಻һģ޼ֲܸͣ֡
ͦÿۣ⼸֦辺ʺѡ
ܳô֣޼õġ
Ԫ԰ﾰɫûʲôоֻרעضſ鶯ı顣ƽʱεʱͱıͣڱҲûʲôı䣬һܵһܵʲôûһЩÿ춼ܿĶ
˺һҲû߳Զߵ±ȽϺõĵطʱ䶼ȥһСʱˡ
ǰһƬľܽأڵ˻ĩβ·Ϊʱ䣬ľܽؾŶޡһȺοΧΧա
Ƭطͦͣ˲٣Ҳмڡ
˶͹԰ȴһҲޣæǰæش·ָģذơǴ˼׻¼䣬ϰһ·һ崿ߵģվֲǰʱʱͷ
רעض㣬ȵһģȥ·ʱһοʱ䣬ʱ䣬첽ȥҶæòֺ
źͷԪʱ񈐵ľͷתֿض˰˿ţŲš
ûʲôͿ첽˹ǰһֹŹָӵˡ
ΪҪ˵ʲôû뵽ʼǸǸˣոֿǵĺգЧʵںܺãƬҿôģԲҵ;
˵Žת˿ץĵƬ
ϸоһɵϡûʲôڣüһƬҲǱණù˵ӡ
ǴӱմģûӰ죬ű㲻ٹע
ͷһ࣬Щ̽ͷֻۣƬԼͷԪǣվһ𣬹ͷȹϣǱ˹Чһ˶⣬ЩģĹ⵭˷Ԫϵɫľܽʢ涼Ψ˼¡
̫ÿˣŶƬ⼫ˣˮ濴ˡҿÿԿֿԪҲ
ԪҲòƬյȷʵǳ
ϲͺãҪһ΢ţȻȥҴӰ档񈐳û
Ԫոն֮һø˲ʧ࣬Ļ̫ˡ
̯֣ûֻҲû΢š
ֻˡ
룺һȥȻøأʲôʱԼĵط
û˵ʲôԪȿˣʲôʱԡ
۾Ц£ԭǾס⸽
Ԫˡ
ʵ̫ˡ
ƫƫŻ൱ĵصͷֱӹ԰ҵˡ
ã˵ˡˣҽһ£ҽ񈐣Ĉҳʱ˵ȱܻǲеšԳЦŵ
ֺһ񣬶һ˲˵ȷʵҪƫˮľ
Ȼڵ񈐸ʶ˲ξȫͬԸҲ˺ܴ仯˲ȫȷҪҵˡ
ãҽţзԪ
֣ԪȻȴҲòظһ¡
ģѾ·ƺһ񈐣ˡͶϣû˹ȥϽСŹˣ嵽ǰϿ˿һס֣һϲص㣡㻹ǵô֮ǰģһҽҸҵƬ˵ģصǸ
нһǧ£ͷǵá
첻ŵʾͱ˸Ƽ̫ʲôнһǧˣ˵˼ѹͲȱǮ
ʵȱǮģֻǮҪԼˣҲøԪǧǮֻ̨Ҳ̫ʵԺҪԺȡ
ƻͷδģֿţԥſڣǸڻְģôǧ
һֱûҵʵģأδȻҲУܹ鲻ر⡣
ǧ۸㲻Ҳɡ
ųֻ˵ģǼְҲˡο⹤Ҳѣվﱻնѣܼ򵥡
·Ԫ֣Ȼͷаʱ䡣
ģƼֱţ˵ôھͿԣ
ԣھͿԡ
Уʼ·ġСᣬǱ߽һ¹ʸˣС٣װ·ó졣
Ԫ̫ΪʲôͻȻӦΪദµûš
ųǰæյ߿ٵֻǮֻɹˡݹǮֿ죬һƬѣܻ㡣ɫôôѿǿˣȻҰɣҾ԰ء
Ԫ˵ҸȻֻܿš
ǰӵȨûΪǮȻһ޷һУ˵ȥֱЦ
ԪԼĴȫճճ
ҲûʲôĶȻҲܻǮҪȻֻȥѪͷܿҡͷУڵûˣҪľѪˡ
ż˵ɫԽԽף̲סǰƣȥҵġ
ԪҡͷͻȻֱסͷ˿ŵϢ
һָĻ졣
ǣǺðɣ㿿ϵһᡣûԵĶԵ㶫᲻õ㣿ʹıŽϡ
Ҫ
ǱѾ׼ˣŵǵػ˷ԪһۣϽҡ
Ԫͷһֱ׷Ŷȥ˿ϣԼܸϽָ״̬ʵܹˡ
Ϊպܼ򵥣ֱֲŷֺѣŻͷһδ·õҲĳ룬ЩСЩˣЩ·£ûϴ˴Ҳôɾŵ·ɢ˲Ϣ
Ǯ˲˵ȫΪľ
·ĳУһĨܴߴϵĸо
ƿŵѾﹴ·óһֱæǰæ·ָҲȫûвͷһֱ֭΢Ц
񈐸ǷԼȫʵͷµÿһŶ¸߶ȣÿ˲䶨
ͷһδ򹤻ͦ棬ֻӲһܿѸٽ״̬
һֱæµҲûʲôʱעԪֻܳ϶ɨһۣƺ˯ˣмСȥ͵յߣ忿üֻȥԪǲһֱûвҲûѹ
Ҳ֪ΪʲôͻȻе㲻ˣһƬûվסˣ͵ش粽嵽˷Ԫߣ嵲ס򼸸Ҫֶŵࡣ
ڸʲô


38 
һ, ոջ͵ΧڷԪյļСһʱͨ죬ͷǸ
ԲԲ𡣡˵ܵˡ
Էŭ, Щ൨Ҳ̫ˣĶҲ
Ԫ۾, ǰʶ̧סŵơ
ôˣ
ҡҡͷû, Ҳˣǻȥɡ
ģͻȻˣƺ񈐶סˣСѯ˵ˣ˲
, ʣö·ûأܼܲһ£һС, ļͼǲǲ˯Ҳ㣬Ҵ۵Σ˯, ȵˮϽСˮ
ûܾӹιԪ
ʲ̫, һʱҲû뵽Ƿȥ
ǷԪûסȥ۲ŵı, ·ûһ, Щʧ䡣
һˮû, վ, ûֵزʲôȻӦ¾ҪԪóֻݹˣҵǮôĹֻƫˡ
û£˯˶ѣ²Ҫ;ϣٻȥ
ô
ұԪЦ£ЦݱľܽػҪÿգգۣòԼСܣֵҲͱԼôһ㡣
žǵǷԪ˯һɫһЩǣߵ۵£վա
Ƹмؿ˷ԪһۣСȥʳԣԼܵһȥš
û˵ʲôҲԾչŵӿȡ
ԭСʱʱѹСʱȵȫʱ԰ûб԰
ƱƬֿ˻ǳˬֻҪǮ
Ч̫ˣͰѹʽ㡣
һļƾ֪Ҫתˣ˵ֻҪֽûֻû֧΢š
ƶƬ̣ŹֵֿͷԪһۣ⵽ļܳģͷûֻҲ̫ˡ
ûпҲеԶҵĻԼص㣬㡣
԰ͿСŲˣͷӦˡ
Ľ㣬ǮתҰɣ԰ȡ˸ǡ
ҲС
ôˣĺõƬȥޣһû̫ʱͣ⣬һ̲ͣȥʰҲøŻȥ
Żӻ֣ˣ
ţ
ҵ˲ξתջǧǮ鼫ãź첻СǰסԪ֡
ǻȥɣٺ١
ʪǱߣҪߣû԰ʱҲˣοʹ඼ߣߵӰЩĿ
άı״ѵǺãаСʱͱ԰ˣעʱ估ʱҪǱ߳۹⳵
ûֱӸˣ˵൱Ųͷ˿ͣһĹ۹⳵⳵һ˸ˣʮڽ԰ûĳӵȫˡ
۹⳵һʮԪȫƱĻѵģֻҪɨϵͺãûҲǿӲȥ
һҪȥһ˵ͣˣŻŷԪס˾ȥ
ӿ˾ҡʾ˱ãྰɫˡ
תԴһᳯһҿϤľɫӲ֪ĻΪǵһ
ԪߣסߣֱӸſϳǰȥ
ԪͷͷβԾû֣ͣһֱ˳ż
ûע⵽֣ȫϰΪûʲôԾӡһƬµҶֻ棬Ӳ󣬵ͦóԵӡҲ֪Ϊɶų¿ˮ
ʵֳӿڸкһ㣬̫Сûʲôͷѣ缸ǰˣȻ˵ʳ
ɻԼĶӣеˡ
ˡ
ϴγԶûȥãΪԪڵΪǣʱڸܻо
⼢Ѹǿҡ
Ӽǰ˳ڵĵطĳ˿ռϽֱóʱһɳζ
ʱ򻹲ãڿռһζͳ¿ڡ
ŽӲسųַˡ
·ͰԪĶ׼ͶͰ
ˣˡ͡
ǣⲻǻˣζǺġüǮأô̫˷ˡŻͷȥǿǿܳԵġ
Ԫز׽һǴ﷢ġ
ˣ
סӣҲ֪ΪʲôͻȻˣ֣Һٻо
ԪĶӣüͷ΢΢ԽԽһһڳ鴤ֲǸʲô
ԪˣŲ֪¸˫ˣʱûκηʩɶ֮󲻻᣿
һŵʱ򣬸˻ߣӳҲڣ̵֪ʱʲô֣£˯ʳǿҪ˷ݵĶ
Ʈһ£ԪɵغţŲҲҲ˰ɣ
ôһ䡣
ĪҡͷΪʲô£ûа
˶ûоﲻ
ҲûС
˻ů󣬻жҲů֮⣬ûκβף״̬õòˡ
ԪЩȷŵıָ̫һҲûбľˡ
ʲôȥŪ
áҡҡͷռﻹкܶԪëëⶫܵ
Ԫ֪͵ëëôĳԲ̫áﻹжԳԣġ
ڿԡԪߴ١
Σڿռһһƻﲻ÷ţԪʳҲǷԼռʹƻһһ롣
Ҳԡ
γԶˬƻӺܿ쵽˺ߣ۹·ǻźһȦҲżˣ˾ôţֱӵ˵㣬ִӽ˵»صѸ
˾һѵҪ԰ˣ뼰ʱ԰
ãлл
ڵ磬ĵطڵĸ죬ṫ԰С϶Ѿ·ơ
ΧοϡϡûмˣųΧļأŷԪߵһ˵ĵطԭηɽѡ
ˣŻɻΪʲôͻȻӼʧˡ
ǡɣڼҵıûע⵽㣬վſڼƱСɻһ£ûǶֵߵ԰ҲֻɻһԺˣϾһôˣҲʲôܿü
ų˰ƻʵе˵ôƻҲܵӣƽԲ꣬첻˻ûԵʲô
ŷԪ£ƨɶ͵͵شӿռëɿ
һûζֳһ
ԪƨɶԼβһһ̿Ҫ˦ˣһ¡
ΪˣظϽתԹ굽¡
ҪϢôתƻ⡣
šԪָ״̬
ãҲϢ
˵˾ͽһ۾ԶתԷţһĹâٴδҲԾɱԪĳ˸ɾ
һҹȥ꣬ҹ俪ʼ䣬ԭ֦ͷҡҡ׹ҶҲƮȥ٣һؽơ
űȴûֻû˯ĵϡ
βʹӷԪ˻Σһ¶ȣǸо䣬Ԫ¶ëģо
۾ŤŤشųһ˷Ԫϣ˫jioһţֻһſϣƽʱԪػһ
ԪһϵжŪˣŵֻӲŲҶ
ôȥˣ䲻䣿ԼϱĻҪ䲻䡣
ϳɢص䣬ĺſһᡣ˵ּ˯˹ȥ
ԪֻñŶƤſŵĵطŻ˹ܿͽĳů˹ԭǵȫɢɾӿһɱ͸У˵ʲôо
ڱ˺ǻţ⻹⣬ⶼ˵ĸжͻϲͬʱָǿҵͷʵָϣܻŶԼ
СһϣҲ˯һϣƤصȫֻ̧ôһӡҲ񈐵Լ
ʱ֣ӴĹ˹
ϵˮ飬̵վڷԪϣͷԼĶƤ
ϳëǰһ㹻첻óԶģôֻάһҹѵǱǿĴô
ұǿθҲˣ
ܷԪڵӰĽŰ˼⣬ϾǰʵûһϣҲû̹˵ڵûʲôԲο
ǿߵĶƤɡ
ëŲ˶þҪûˡ
ȻƬ̣ëȥëȴǰˣҲֻǸʳǷǳϲǳԵĶ
Ȼζˣ
Ҳ̫Źˣôͷһξֱ仯
˿ڷԪĺף㷹ô
Ԫĵ˹էƬ̣󡣡
˿ǺʳģʲôԣԶûʲôζʳ͸ˣڳԵҲû⣬Ӱʲô
žˣôԼͲһˣ
ΪʲôôʣԪ⡣
û£ûоԼûʲôҲ֪ԼڵϻʲôӰ졣
ٶȸ죬һҹȥԪָֻһЩǿɫڵ΢Сһ㣬ŵĺɫˡ
ڵ仯ǣһˡ
ķرһιԪԾɲǰһȣֻάֵƤ¶ȣ紵Ƥһ¶ȣо˺⡣
Ƭ̣ܸо䣬
˲һⲻǰĳ̬ôԪȻҲøһ
֪ůжɹ󣬷ԪôҪܸʵ̫ˡ
Σٴſ򸲸ϣССķβͶŬſϡ
õô
Ԫ뽫§ܽסŵֻɵֻУʪ
ᣬ䲻ϡߵˣοëͷˮѹᱻʪ
̹ſãҲԼϵı仯ҲΪԪڵԼʲôë
Ȼ׶е鷳ܲ䣬ʵ㲻ʲô
ֻλûɶžˡ
ʱ磬ǹ԰һ԰ˡ
ƽƬֱӷƣͼ֣ĵԼڵûжΪ˲ĸǶȶֻ˲ıͼճĳɹÿһƬ˿ֱȥá
ƿʼûע⵽СֻƬʱƽʱ˲٣ȷʱŵ٩䡣
񈐷ǳػصĽ㣬ҪֻŮѣô˵ᡣ
ʵ̫֣أһǸ
ȷʵϲţȴǶԴϲһֳ̬ѯûгԺôáԪһʶŶԷܲš
̬еԷһ̲סҡҡͷŵһμѣôҲ̫Źˡ
Ҳ㲻Լʲô̬뵽ļϽĵƬϴ˳˸ÿѺá
ƬϵţһԺƺʲôһţ˲׽عҪŵǮԼпš
˵ԼûֻҲû֧΢ţûΪʲôʱ˾Ȼûֳֻֻ̳ȥ˸ǧҵֻڳһѶ
һҹ񈐶Σ½س˺ܶණпҲѹеһжȫˡ
ڴ˺һᣬһʱҲֱ࣬𴲣˵緹Ϳ԰
ʱ԰Ÿոտ԰伸֣ŵĴү˼£վŽȥ̲סҡͷ
ô簡ô˿о񣡡
ҲûͣЦЦһɡ˽ȥ
Ҳ֪ôŲܹʵߵ̫żûоԼýʲôʱ棬֮ҲԼԸԼĿĵĵš
һȾ͵һ磬ϸϸܵ˿ͣ
񈐽԰ת˺üȦʱŹȥ˹԰ſڣȳһ񡣵ôãȴ˿ͷ֮ɫʵںõó档
Сƿȥ
Ŷ۲ۣҪɡ
֣صллˣһԳŵס
ڵŮôǲǳˣô绰ȷһ£
ϣǣֻһѣԼ棬ûԼʱ䣬Ҳңǰˡ
ԶԶŶ⻹ˣ͵شӷԪҽһˣ
ԪŵҲվʲô
Լ˼棬ˡҴҾҪɣԪҲԼǵ棬ϡ
ӺڵҪȵˣǰһӭǰȥ
ˣ
βѣԲ𣬵Ⱥܾ˰ɣ
˵ǰ˵㣬μǹɵûȥӰһԾɴڣǰΪǴӱմġ
תһȦϹŵĹ׹ǶʽرǸԵϸܻƵΣǳ£·Ǻܴź˵ⶫ塣
ãҲŸǸõˣܹЦ˵죬ĽĹʣգϴˣûޣЧܺáˣ˵ûֻպһ̭ľֻҲǷţĻȥá
û뵽ջ߿ǸոŵֻûƴǾͽ˹ǰ˲ξҲϲѺöչмӣһʱǻص˴ǰһʶؾͽˡ
Žֻ񈐶ʱ¶ɵɫ
һԵķԪɫס
һȰؿţͬһϸڿԼŮһ
ſ벻ԷѣԷȴ뵱ְ֡


39 
û񈐵, վһԵķԪǿ˸װףֲֻϲʹȰֻ쳣, ѹ˹ȥ
žˣҲˣ̧ͷ, Ԫߡ
Ԫ񰵳Щвζ, , Ц
Цݼֱһ, Ԫʱͷ
ĵʵ̫ˣŲǰ, Ҫ̲סʲôˡ
񈐵Цݸü, ֪Ԫ, ҲóԪǳš
ͷһֻ, е㿴֣ѡһ²֪ôѡź, תͷסæ
ôŪҿ̫
Ŷ, ЩҪҰ񈐲Ԫ, תͷͷȥһٲ, ָͼ, Щô
žƽպʱվϿ, ֻ֪ţ, ЩãȻҡͷ̫
ûоҲûѯ, Լֻȵ, ˿ڿں΢š
ûֻŵĻ΢עȽ鷳Ȱע˿ڿڣÿڿע΢š
žͿһٲû߾Ͷעɹˡ
Ұڱ¼棬֮ԼĵڵĲ̫ȫױšߵҲԸģĳʲôԣʲô
գգۣȸɽ񡣡
ƺ˼ȸɽֻɽʧƺְȫʧˣһûʣҲ˸һɶ
ĺˣҼѣ㿴ңֻҪ㿪ǾͿˡסְ֣﷢ҲСĵְֽţû˿͡
˺ԼԪıԽԽϢҲԽԽȣΪ̫ƣʵ֪Ȼָֻһء
Ȼ⾪ϲȸоȣͷؿױƵԼֻ档
쿴档
֪Ԫصõĸն˱ֵͶ豸ȽһǧֹⶫûʲôȤ
ſĵ춼ϲ£첲ȥµģһһ
񈐼״Ҷⷽ滹˽⣬ʲôλĿԸƼطҶܴȥ
ͷððһ㶼ûҪӡ
񈐶̬൱ģԪ̾˿
ŵͷŪֻ񈐽˵ĶݸԪЩʳĲء
Ǵ֪ϲʲô˵㣬
Ԫģҡ
ûһھҪȥôҴȥɣԸ֪ζرõĵط
һԵĶӾعһ£һţҲ̫ˣбŷԪǰҲûϲԶ˵̶ûԼ
ҲǳԼȥ͵͵ȥҪʳûԼȻϴôô
Ԫ֪ôԼ񲻶ԣʵʲô
ôʡ
Ԫҡͷӣˣ
Ҳ棬ԪӺһֱŶĶӶʱͣˣйɵů⴫൱
ż˶ˣࡣԸ
ԪһᣬֻҲסڹȨһ
񈐵ʼû̫仯ƺɾٶ
Ԫ̬ȸо˼ԻֵĺϲţȴֶΪûκηӦ
˸˳
һϳž͸оǹɵŨӳǰŵƽ׹ϣӺŷŵͷżϣǴӺ󳵴ŵֽϣ޴ڣ񈐰С
ֻûй֣Ҳ̫вʲôζŲ
ϳ֮󣬾ˮӽȥŻһ㣬ܿǳǱ߽ȥСĴǵĵطȫΪ˲ʧһʱжһźһŰ׵ġ
ҲͷӴ겻࣬ǰ˶Ӵ˵ǹ꣬ԴҲûʲô飬һʱ䲻֪ôźá
ʷԪ㿴ô
Ԫɻüֻܿ޵۹ǻһ뿪Ҳ뿪ͣԭҲγϹ洦ɼƽ԰οܿôſŻŵĹ꣬Уէһͦˡɻ󣬺˾ϰˣϢԹ˵ǳΣգƽȥʱй궼˱ܣֻʵ˵㣬Ҳûǰôˡ
ԪЩ˽ĸ٣ûʲôԡ
ҡҡͷõûдЩ
ſҲǡ
¹񈐵İΣŶԷһΣһûһβ˵ʲô᲻ܡ
źŴյǰʣ񈐣㲱ϵ׹ͦÿģģ
ͻȻһ£ŵ׹ǻЦЦŮϲĥЩΣġ
һ㶣񈐻иŮѣɣʲôʱһ棿
ǸʱУæЩξͷҼңȤԴȥ
ʱȥҿŵͷӦҲʲô
ŻǵһЩſһ͸ӳȥ·ڶ࣬ͣͣٶȻеĿ죬ֻһûȤˣֻּ
ֻǿſɫͲ̫ˣԴǣһ˵ĸоθӿһѷֻ͵סŻ
Ԫעϣ״һﲻ
صͷΣ¡ɫЩ԰ףüͷһˡ
£֢״Ԫһ뵽ĳЩϣҪڣǰ񈐾ͻͷʣǲγˣ
Ԫͬʱ̧ͷγ
񈐱Īôˣ
γô죿Ԫ״̬ûôǲǹıˡ
Ӵ򿪴õ㣬ӣԵӻһ£ȵǰǸ·ھ³·ɣҲǺԶˡ
ԪȥӣȻһӣ°ιſСһһӣζ˲ŸоöˣֻԴеκġ
Ԫֽ̧ԼԼϤζںõˡ
ſڷԪǰСصķ˵ȻΣգԺýٽһֱ෢Ķرֻ糵
ԪЦ͵һҲСǻʱˣұ㡣
á
ֿһͣ񈐽ͣºͽ̳ߡ
һ³һγļҲûˣǰ·복ԶԶأһһεļơ
ֱֻ̳ȥǧǮǰʱˮͳʳ˲٣һֻǹˡ
Ԥ٣ָһҪһЩ֮ѣڶӶĿ죬ʳĴٵǧǮôһֻǧˡ
ǧǱʴ֧ȻЩۣڷԪǺԥ
һ˦ֽһǮ˦˳൱صǧõ򡣡
ǧõĲ¿ȥ򵽵ġ
ЦջƵƼ˼һֻŷԪļĸĸ
֪ΪҪֻ൱ţ˿ͿԪ񶼿ʼ΢
Ԫһѡ˿һģһģֻҪǧֱ࣬һǧ
С
õ£ǲǮȰ
Ԫҡͷã
Ǻðɡ
ű˴ȥǮ񈐺ͷԪվں󷽵ţԪȥסˡ
Ԫɫɲ̫ÿ
㲻öô⣬Ҷϲ񈐽͵˵ܲţһҾʶĸоһǰɡǰӦ˻߳ԷģҶֻ˵ĸо˵ѾŮˣҺܰ
Ԫ룬һ٣ʲôҲû˵
ǰѾǮˣֻӾԪţֻЦɵƵġ
ֻɵ񡣷Ԫ̲ס룬ӹֻ
ȥŰɣûֻźܶ๦ܶ޷ʹá顣
Ԫֻ˻ΣֻҪ֤û֤
˵ŶǺڻڻǱغڻ
˵ûֻûùֻǻ˵ùȥҲûУ֤Ҳûоͺܳˡ񈐶̲סʵʲôˣ˲ӷ͵ɿͰɣǳôĿҲҴҡ߽ˡ
̣ûʳڣֻǵҵ֤ҲС
ת˸Ӫҵ
˰˺ѡײֱͣ˿϶ãײȫǱȽϹ֡
װϿֻ˺룬ŸԪ˸绰ŴͲﴫ̲סп
ķʵ̫ˣѹ¡
ȥ˲Ҳ̳ܽϴνֻ̳ǴҴҶûϸߣ󿴿ҿÿһ㶼ͣһ
ٽ䲻ĩ̳Ҳ٣յĿռζӣۿһ˱ϱһķѵˣ˰ԴûˣԽεδ䵽ϣ˵ıϵֱȡ
Щִ̧ɬӲļȥĦһ¼米
ǰ߼һеŮֹͬĸӤ꣬δεĺӣӻؿŮ˵ĶӣƺҪһȥ
ŶЩ޶ҲûҪֹʲôĴ㡣
ûע⣬ߵҲЩͣƬ̣ıŻҪӵȫ֪һ˿¶ܵûС
ߵʱźſ̽ͷط൱档
񈐸簮ӵļҳһȥôǳ극ɡ
һ߿һʶȥҪԪץ񈐣ֽӴɲǣֻͻȻһȣϸ΢Ĵʲôŵ̧ͷȥͼ˦̵֣һ㣬һƬס
ôˣץֿû
û£û¡˦һᣬûʧҲûиոôʹˡ
ֻո־ͱ̵η˭϶϶ѯһôˣȴʲôû˵ʲôûһسЦЦģɡ
ܾʲôܣֲ⣬ƫƫûʲôܲ
ûٹ䣬ֱ¥Է첻ĩҲ̫࣬Ҫλá
ű»ΪԼԲ£û뵽ʳһʱͱζȫ
˵ĺܶ࣬һӣԶ˵ķΪʣû뵽ŵûͣ¹ʳʲôԣҲֱ·𳢲һɫĵؽŽ˶ǡ
ԪûԼڣһֱڸżвˣʲôŶճԲ󣬶Ӿ޵׶һ
񈐿Ŀɿڴֱֻ㶵ضųԡץסֻҪҪҪټӵˣ
ųһǿԼˣӲŷֺüˣ˼ͷѽҾȻô࣬ǶûԱɣټӵˣٷ롣
ϴʵѪһ˾ͺüʮһٷҪԵü١
񈐲ûѪ˼ѾˣԪأûԱӵ˰ɡ
Ԫ̬ŵط¿ҡҡͷãҲˡ
극žȥǵ£񈐵֣Ϊ֤ǲԼ⣬ڷԱʱ״Ʋһ£Աû˿Ӧֻɻѯʲô顣
Űڰֱʾû¡
񈐵ԽԽˡ
˵һΣȥôѯʵ
סڣڿ²̫㣬Ҫ졣
ûټֱ֣ӵãǾεǸɴֱӽʱ䶨ˡ
񈐿ЦֻǸʣָ󣬲ȻѾԼˣĬ
ûټ䣬űʾҪԪȥط˱ʹ˷ֿˡ
ȵ뿪ŵüͷֱӸڶԷ͵һϲʲôܡ
ܾͷǸ濴
˵Ԫ˸طԭθ񈐣ŵԷϵζ˲
Ƿֿ񈐾ȥһͦ߶˵İ칫¥Լ˸ң˰ԱƬ־ĻģգͲӰȦСÿ춼кܶг̣Ϊ˸ż棬йͣˣû¾ָ˻ȥǸʮĹ
ž͸濴ӰһֱæʮŻصԼĹң˵㷹æµѡƬϴƬֱҹϴһֱɳ˯ˡ
ͷβûκ쳣
û뵽æʱ䣬ȴʱַǳģСʱͬһ£ֶĿ죬;Ԫȥһ٣񈐻άͬһƼ
ôæĹſö̲ס˸ǷٵУſڷԪʱп˯ȥ
˯šԪ
Ժҡͷ˵˵˯ź쳣ͳأ˯˵žһվһٴεȥֱûˣԭ˯ˡ
ԪתƵԼ̶ǰλãó˯һ㡣
˯źë׵żһֺⴥ
ԪĹע࣬żϣַǳ΢ϢΪԼͬԪ׾͸оˡ
ŹͬϢ
ڵǣ̡


40 
ԪһֱûŻһ, Ͼͬ塣
Ŷ֪˫޹ˣҪ֪᲻ǳ
ϴŸǮĻþ;ĳһʹ
, ᵽֵزɣ
żһֱֵͬ뷨ԪҲʼնûҪҸżҲûԼĳӵʱʲôӣֻҪһ¾ͻ÷, ֻлϲ
Ȼ, һ
ԽȥԽ鷳ԼֵʱͲǼ򵥽һôˡ
Ԫʹ˿Լë, ȻҲԥ, ֱˡ
ûи̫ʱ˼, ·˯ŵͻȻһ仯
ҹûأܣֻԭһֱƮĺɫкиƮۼһ
ڵˮһ񷭹ԽԽӣСʱ֮, һ, ˵һŮ˵״ͷܳݸ߸, ģܿóúܲ
ŮŲ˯ߣŽԼſ
ûֻǻδֽ̧š
Ԫûţ·ԷʲôʣŮ˾ֻſû, ûжһ¡
ҹ, 峿̫Զ, Сʱڰ콥Ů˿ʼɢصԭȵĵط·ʲôûзһ
ֻ˯ߵͱӳˣֻάŻʲôƣۺԼֽ棬رԼϵıǱˡ
ɳϷڲϵĹ׹ߣúײײɳϴ䡣
ϴˢ˺ӣıָֻյºƽһ㶼ʱ쳣
ϴ¥ͣͶ빤ŵʱԼȥ⾰뿪˹ҡ
ѵðҹһֱ˯̫Ҳû
ۼҪ뿪ˣԪȥų԰ȥ
ڰ;ѹģһԺʣҪȥģ
ع԰
һѣףȥڶôôȥˣûзʲô£
СԪҹ¼һ飬һ˵ÿҹһɵߣѹһֱɢֻ̫ˣ޷ʱʱ̸̿
ֻûκζ⣬ܣҲһϰΪӡЩ񈐵ŮѣҲ˵ŮѺܿѾˣ֪ģȴϡ
ҵͺˡ˻ʱ˵԰æȻŮѡ̲ס̾
ǰ˲ξͺܿ࣬ʱΪߣΪ˱ܿණأһգ˲ξץסˣϵ˺˳źżʱĶϣ˲ξͱˡ
Ϊ˺һ㣬û뵽ڿֱȻǿġ
۵С
ôԪʡ
Ǳˣſ϶ԥֻҷ𣬿ֻ񈐵ˣҲû̫Ӱ죬ʱ־̫ˡ
ɣʵĹ˶ãҳ֣˶ܾԼɢˡ
ƹһ׻ҷͶ̥ĻᶼûС
ʱǿ󣬿ʱ˴
ص԰һֱڷԪ߷֪Щʲô
Ԫû̹һ¹˫޹ƻ£״̬¶˵ˡ
ĵһëһ³
ۼһëǰƮɣԴǰһ죬ëë;׼رȥ
öˣǼӲ͵ĺʱ
Ҫȥ緹ʱ·һһȺ˴ӵһСŮ
ߣƽʱٳһܼõ˵Ǹ԰
лл̫鷳ˡһİŮòصл
źصͷȥͼ˸Ϥˣò
С裬ͷϴŸɫñӣϴŸɾİɫش£ݰ˶Сһǰˡ
ʱͷΡ
Сôﳯ
ȻԼģôڣҲǰȥվһҲ֦Ѿϡ
ˣʱǰһһĨޱȲõЦŻӻ֡
ˣҰ̣Ҫȥˡ
̵Ů˳ǰҲһ̧ͷ
ʮ꣬൱Ŵŵ۵ζҲ۰
ǸˣҲˡ
һӦ
кܶ໰˵ΧŵһȺ¶ЦݣС񵥶˵Ự鷳Զһô
ЦЦȥڰ˵Զ㣬ֱȷԼ˵ʱССصԶҵõô
ԡŵͷ
ϵЦ˼֣Σյʱܺô
Ҳԡ
̫ˣ
ʼǲߵģΨһкţԶ֪ԼܼܲõҲ֪ܱܲԼŵһ仰ȫˡ
һᱣܵġ
ŵͷصǣס֣һһСӰһˡ
ϣȥ²Ҫ̫Ӱ죬ôţ̾Ӧýֵĳ
ǳ׸һ䣬뿪ſıӰòŻ
ҲǡɣûãžֿһϤˡ
췼
ʵϰмˣէһʱŶûôϣĳˣϻױɨʱǴſֵģõϵĿ֣˿ɣͱˣϢҲһֱ΢΢ŵҲͦñֱ
ʱ´췼棺ǷڱÿÿҾ˵ҪΪԼ㿴ڣʮ꣬һҲûκ⡣򼸼·磬°ȥ¡
췼ЦӦðҲ
ô˵˰ٺСһ𡣡
췼ҽԺһͳͨˣ¶Ҫ飬ǵԺһЩȥд롣
Ȼ᲻úӣȥҲʲôý
Ȼؾܾǩ֣췼ֱ顣
ͥʱûȥҲٳˡ
ǰڽϴ˲ûж٣Ϊ췼ϵ˿أ϶ȴأǷ֮£о൱ᣬԵعôʮ¡
Ƣζ췼ùӳԣѾˣŵȥŻ췼ʵ
ʱķǳǳ֮ʹ챻ץϳʼ·ƽˤ̿ˮҭסԷǺףƢ𱬣Ѻȥʱÿ춼ڸ˴ܣ˼ĹѺʱʮӳ˰ꡣ
һ͵͵ֻԲʣͻʱǡͱĴϣҲˣɾôùȸȾˣһǳ׷˱֫ˡ
ȲȾ˲֢֢໤Ҳ˼죬ȻǱסˣҪǰһ˾Ͳˡ
ͥһεȻû飬Ҫڶ룬֪֮췼;һֱѹϵĴɽͻȻжˣ̫صҲû취вˡ
Ժȥͷѧ˻ױֻ綼õĲˡ
ڶεʧܣҲεĴ顣
԰ûнˣ췼˺ܶ꣬᲻ͬºͻֻˡ
˱󾪴԰ѯҪҪתڣԼְ԰Ľ˵ˣϾ﹤ã԰ÿֻÿˣ׾ϸڡ
԰ǰתְĽ˵Ҳʰ˹ֻǽ˵࣬λˡ
췼ȻӦʣĩͽڼ˵ʱ࣬һǧࡣ
ÿ˶ԼĹº켣ھھҲƽƽǧƪһɵӡ
ǰܾÿڿ²ؼ£Ǹֻͣʣĸп
ôƸЩԼˣȷʵԼ£Ҫŷɻ·Ԫĳ
ˣԪؽѹԼʵ
ţܶ
ʲô
ԴһµϺһӡ
ԽԽˣԼĶӣھʣǧǮŲ˶ãøϽ취׬Ǯˡ
Ψһܴ򹤵;ƣʲôʱȥ򹤣ֻŷûϵʽץ˰ԼƬûӣڿռƬ̵ضĺ뱣ֻ´ξͿֱϵˡ
Ҳ񈐽Լģֻ룬ӱ˵Ŀڿں΢źţ˵ǳˣоһ
ֻ˷ȥ͵ꡣ
һѾ·ϼˣŵֵԱ̿ߵ࣬ҳģͼȫţ޲ýǩԼΪ̶ģأϧԷʾͲ̫ܳڸһС
Ƶĵ̿꣬Ǹϵ꣬ΧСȵطоӪвٷ˿ڣǸС죬εԤ÷˿Ҳá
ѡһÿƬѵ̱־λúƽŹ񷢵˺źü䡣
ģʵ̫ˣڿʱȫע·ôˣ̶һ磬ͼֱӱתˣרͼƬӪҲת˹ȥûƬȻѡ
Ʋòпֵʵ̫ǿˣЦĺϲ£죬Ϊ˳ͼƬϵĵ˹ԱһǰһܵעҲ
ǧǮЧʵ̫׬ˡϧûж·Ȼܶĵ㣬·Ҳһˡ
ƴ˿ҲŻ᲻ԸˣϽȥϵ񈐡
ϵʽôԣǸ첻ǼˡУʵ̫ˣԼ·
񈐵ҿϵתˣһع⹻һܵӪҵ˰ɡ
ûʲô壬Ծϲصǣܶˣ
Ƹʲôλʣ
룬ٸһǧȷʵ̫ˣǧҲе͡ǧĺģҲˡ
ȴᶨصһ򣬵ˣʮҲ벻ˡ
ڰۣ񈐣ʶãʶãƽʱ㲻ô
ЦЦֲһ򣬲оˣӦûбİ취ҵ
Σû취ˣϾֻûСðɺðɣһһǷˡԸô
΢Ÿ㡣
ȥһõŵϵʽ
һһϺһһԥҪҪԵػ˼Ǯֻ˸߷ֱӻºܶණҲԣƲͶˣʱҪųԡ
Ŷ뾾סԪѯôˣԼ̫ˡ
ʱ΢ʾ˷Ԫһɻͨ룬źܿյнһĹ
һ򣡳һҲ˰ɣ
ʱû̫á
żûκԥʹӦǮţָһǧ
ȻŵǷֺüҳԵģһҳһ㣬û˿ʲô쳣
ԱűŷԪһ䣬Ƿһһӿ·ֱ߲ˡ
ԪϣԺʣûоãںܲǰǰҲûмǲʲô
ԪĶҪˣͣмһֱ˵㻹ǲǵѪǴΣʵͨҲʲôҰǷˣҵѪǷѪȼʱû뵽ȥˣΣΪ˾ҽԼڵ㣬Ҹ㣬˫˫ˣԲûôҶСУڵпǣˡ
һ˵Ԫֻһ룬ʣһ뻹ڸ߸ţ֪ŵ̬ȣһ޷ܸô죿
ĽŲȴеҵȣʮӶûκλػ
Ԫ̲סͷȥϵˣֻŲ֪ʱٴ˯У˯ر졣
찾ҹ˯ѵ磬극ŲסˣʱӦһֱ˯˳Ծ˯ġ
Ԫõһʱ֪ԼʲôˣûǸþɥûҪףһٶ˥´ô˳˵ֲ֪ʲôʱˡ
Ǹˣл˵ֱֱëͷСӣǹࡣ
̾˿Ԫرɻ˹԰ԭεʱҲű˻ȥССķ౱§ڻ˯ûڵء
һ˯˯ϣԪ԰ǰȥ˺ܶʳﶼѲˣֻҸط
ȻŵĻǼһƤֳʵֿ飬ûлֳӳżЩԶԶأֻȳŹȥæҲûи˻ô
Ԫ˲ʳĵطѾˣ԰·޷յеطֻûбΣͶǽǼղĵطʼԣҲŽʳԱһ쳤ʵ֣Ԫȴȫ£ʳﶼ˸⡣
ôԱĲҪӪղĻͻĸ׵ԪЩǣֻųԵٶһЩ
ҡҡͷˡ
ͷϵë䣬ĶͻȻͣ
ףҶж
ʲôԪ󾪡

ԪٴνѵԼ˵Ļˣ
ųҪȥ֮ʱͻȻ̬ŵشЦȻȫʳ˰ƭ
Ԫ
ɵ


41 
ǸԼӡ
ڶǸֻʣ˻ǵŮѲ̫Ȥ, ҲԼ̫ὫĹŮѸûˣϴڳϷʱǵ
ѾԼˣ˸Ӳ̫ãǾȥԼ
ĵذ԰, Ծɲ֪ס, ֻ֪ڹ԰, ǽͣ˹԰ſڡ
Ŵ˯, ںöˣһͱԪ緹, ֮ǰڹ԰Ĵʳ
ͷ̱ڶܿƳҲһż, ÿԴŷТֺ, ˵ֱֻһ
ʱǹˣҲҷɣֻ˼ֱԴ֪ڿʲôÿ˶, ͷһ㶼¡
ųèԴӰͷ֮, ĵλӵڶλˣëë, ܱҲ, һֱǰͷ̡
è˼ǿҵΣУûעʱ, һֱ԰ͷԶ, λԼġ
ͷ̿ǡ, è, è׷ʮֻҶԼצֻвèһ㶼£èʱյվڸߴţèͷȥϣèҶצӡ
èŵĽץֶ԰ͷ޿κΣɵڵϲˣһֱʵòᡣ
ʳߵʱ򣬾ͼè̱ڶܿſڵĵϣһֻͷΧȥһ߱һơ
ոιʳˣúóԡ
ʮκùԺÿɰֻ䡣
Ϊʲôﲻôң
è۶÷ˣſڵһͷ̵Դֱϲ˲ȡ
èƤѾˣȥϴһ£ϳԵĺɣڳһȦϵëֳ˳ָ൱ãͷ̻ûвȹôůĶһֱèูϣצӽëΧγһѡ
ѱཨѶҪʡ
ͷ̾èѣԺ󶼲ˡ
ͷŸè͵վûİͷžһˤڵϣŵص֡
ౣͷƵشһǱ߸ոջϵèվڸߴӸµؿ͵Ÿһˡ
㣬̫ˣ
ͷȳҪȥûȥͿ˲֪ʱţһתɵߣֺõغһϴ
ϴʲôʱģϴ۲۶ոһӣûԣ㡣˵Լģûһ䶯ĳӱ˳
һﾹȻʳϣſһ˶ëԶЩ
ãҸճԱ
Ǻðɡͷֽëëһεؿϴʲô£רҵô
䣬èô£
ͷһתѣ֣ûʲô¡
ǿọ̈̄ſĹֻͷˣܻʹ棬Ժ۸԰񣬱Ͼèǡ
ҪиڣϸҪȥҪŽѺã۸񡣡
ûУûϴ󣬸ոǶᡣԺһҺúദϴͷİɡͷ̵֤
ҲιˣЩԲĹĵǰذɫëΪۡ
˵һῴġų˻ӳ
ͷȷʵ±ϳȥҲɧèˣʵʵԼŸˡ
ûһȦյ񈐵ĵ绰ϽѴŷԪһȥû˻ϵһ
γλ¹кټĳܳŲ֪⳵ǮԲˣ񈐵ĲűĻҪۺ
̫ܲ⼸ǰ˳Сûʲôˣ¶Ҳûôͣ˾䡣񈐻ĵظ׼˷̺ӡ
ڽķеԶ
˵ĽȷʵƫԶڿɽĵط㿪˽ӽһСʱһƬ꿪ıǳҲرƫԶԱɽžкܶũֺСȦҲϴηԪŹط
ֱӽ˱иܴԺӣƺ˴ԺӺܸɾ˸ɫջ
ŵȴûЩջϣԶԶͿһƬɫӰסӣܲ͸翴棬ǰҲѸ˿˿ƺͷΪһ塣
ӵ¶ȶ½˼֣񈐵˵ǰ
ûסˣе䣬ҿյɡ
ûо䣬Ԫ־ܾ񈐵飺ˣǲ䡣
һ£ȵˮǸˮյеȥö˵ŲԶ
뿪Ҳȥڿǰ
Ǹװ޵ĺܼԼɢطЩҾߣûû̫ۼ洦Żƿƿʢŵʻǽɫֲķ˼ů
ãȴ˿ҳǳɾ
ϸ۲һֲǽڻ涼һȫ񈐵գЦԾͷ۶Ҹ·͸ͷͷǸˣҲмƬڱʲôһƬףǸλӦ˵ġ
ƽ˿ܿܿվһɫӰӣӰ磬ܴȹӣݸ߸ߣִϻ߱§ڻ̬൱ܡ
ӦþǸŮˡ
ֻܿȴ˿оϢζ˵ⴿһѾû˿ʶˡ
ټΪûʶĹܿɢ̫ãҲǵصزУʲôķ
߶ʱ򣬷Ԫһֱθߣ粽룬ʲôĬĬְһ¶ӣЩϸ΢Ųû֣Ѿ̫ˡ
ûǵ̫񈐾ˣﱧŸһ׳ľӣϿŷƣ൱ء
Сؽӷϴ򿪣ڷΣͷλһǶ׹ÿһƷ쳣Ƕıʯ
ŷֺȻûвЩ϶ƿˡ
ˣϲһʣʽ򵥵Ķ׹߱Ȼһ£ͦʺ㡣
ŶЩƷûκ뷨̫׸ˡΪܷеĸԶ˺ܶܶණԺ۾ԺܶԴ۾ǳСΪܼϵɵø죬ǻֳǷֳֳȫήԭļ֮һѹϴʲôΣǽ￴
װģؿһᣬͷȷʵܺÿЩŮģɡ
񈐲˼صˡ
ԪԱ˵ʱʲôǷԼϾȫϹ
ЦţֲԾϲӵɫ۳һӴֻסⳡż졣
ʵǺ棬Ҳû⣬ʵܸ˵˵ŮѵôǸʲôˣôʶģôÿӣһΪҪʱһء
񈐿۾ϵЦʧ˵öԣȷʵʱһھߡ
ʶĺ
ԹԵصʵھӣСھӣҹϵܺãСʱǳܣʱ򻹻ܣѧʱصؽǸֵ˲ͬİ༶֮ȻͬУѧȴټˣѧ赸ģÿĩҪȥ赸ңǸѧ˺ϼһء
ЦЦǹϵǱֵһͬúÿкܶ׷ʶ̫ˣ˵Ǻѣ˺ܾõĺѣֱҵǿ˲ͬĲͬѧУÿҴ绰Ϣĩʱʱңʱȥʼնû˵
ɬҲãÿμ˶СһԼֿӰԶǣ֡
ѧֹ˺ܶΣԽԽã˵ԺҪҡʱҴף飬Ҹ˻ĸĸ˵ˣֻ֪׼жȥûҵ˵ǰһȥһֱûлʧˡ
ʧֵٰ÷зҺҶۺҶȥˣýһֱ
ֱҵˣеĸ
屻˷ֿᣬһֱӸ˶
ֱһ춼û塣
ʵ񈐴֪ʧˣѾˣܿһɫӰԼߣӰ˵ôظŻ˯Ӱһֱڡ
֪ǽԼΪʲôǰȥԼΪʲôûڵһʱ佫ȳΪʲôûһ
ȥģҲڶϲףʱ˷ܵظ˵ԼҪиˡ
˺ǸͽҾƽճԵĴõȫǸߵͱ˶ˣǮ˼ӣбˣԷܿؽ˼ң뾡취ʬ崦
ضºۼֺܿ챻ץס̣ˣȴҲزˡ
ɱüΣѧ꣬ȥѧӰȫصܣһ߳ӰЩһֻߣʱԽãӰֵĴԽ٣ҲԽԽΪס͵͵ĹǻңͷĵУҲĺء
תһȦкɵشߣȫ谭ſһЩǰûע⵽Ķ
Щֲڷŵλ൱
˽Ĳֺ࣬жЩģľȻ֪һ
Щֲʻͬ԰סЩһһܽ޷뿪
״Ʋߵһ裬ǻ˻ΣͲˣ͵ػعͷؿȫûյº͡ĺӰҲ˲ɢצ
űһ˲ξûı
˲Щ׹˲ξ˲ξ񈐣˲ξת˲ξҲͬһͬһˣ˲ξһԼͷοΪ˱ԼȥҲûദôõʱԻô˽ʶһܣֻİϤôһѡ
ҲԼϲԼҪ˺£Լ
һֱֳºͰԻˣΪԼһĺ⣬⣬ȻҲôĵ׼Ҳֲܴĵߡ
ԭأǱ߱񈐺ܿ췴Ӧ¹ЦǸŵĲǵطû£ҩҸҩ
ҡͷûˣҪ
Ԫǰס񈐵߽ɳŸоﲻůĴУһ˲ʧָ
͹ȥô꣬ʵ˲ξӡҲôˣֻһֱηŲ¶ѣѾˣν⿪ҲȻˡȻԸܶ£ǲһˣĲһˡ
Ǵǰˡ
뵽Щŵ̬ƽ
ǱצĺҲٴλ޴λܣӰ롣ȥƺһº
ſĶûͻȻ̧ͷ
ܿõɣһֱߣû뿪񈐴󵨵ǣסĺӰӰһʵҹԪڵĺȵʱҪһ㣬Ѿ٣ĳ࣬һ
úƯʱľżһǣţɵһ
˴кߵξͶ߻еػ˻֡
۵§ߵˣͻȻ˸ը⣬ʲô
ȷӦûб֪ˣô֪ģû˵ֻŶԷ
ЦЦһμʱҾ֪ˣҵ۾Се⣬ܿһЩֵĶ˵ۣҲŷ֣˹ĶҲܿüֻ϶źɫ⣬ֻ񣬿ʲô̫ˡ
ס۾
û̫죬˲ξǺ֣Ҳ֣ת̳һЩҲпܡ
ֻľϵȶϵҪ̫̫ˣűιʱ˲ξѾǧˣʵֻ൱ڶӡ
û˵ʲôԪҲĬǲñʲôϵԪҲͬ⡣
񈐷Щȣǲ˵
㲻ᡣſ϶ص
񈐵ͷȷʵҵĸоûǰʶ˵ˣҵǰ
ԣǺѡ
Ҳû뵽ǻϵʱ򣬱ΪⱲֻͨѾͺˣֻ鲢ûôˡ
ǰͨ˻֣ӦҲʲôְɣҲôʲôôģ൱ʵ
ҡҡͷǣ˲ξһڴɽ㱻෢ಢץˡֲɾѣʵҲǿʱҲСû㡣
񈐳Ƭ̣ƺǸ棺ԭ˲ΣǺܲɡѹҴСһֱܺá
˻ֵȻ֣ʲô취»ôޱεص
ҡͷֲֻ񣬺ο
֪òôƶԷĻ롣
ô
ĻѾˡ
һֱߵǽĻǣ˵޹ϵǹ


42 
񈐽ʵʵסˡ
Ͳ, һֱߵ˭
ôܣ˭
Щս˷Ԫ, ڼȡ
ҪԼˡ
񈐲ףѵʲô»Ұøһģһ, ҾԲϴ
Ż, 񈐻ͷ, γɵ˻, ֱţĸоˣȻ˵ȴһֱ
㲻ﻹ˭ŶԷ, ϱĦƬִ̣չȥں, ܴԷ, ӵ
˭أ
üϲãȻ񈐣֪ԼԲԣܽô
ܵԪ̫ࡣ
Ҳ̫֡пˡ
ʼնûнĻ, ڱɢˣҲִûôҲҪȥת, ûͣԭرɹꡣ
Ǹͨˣܹ߳, ƫƫ, Ҫܶ, ܿõꡣ
ڳõ˼߾ۼִΪУ˽ֻһΣû겨û˼룬ֻһľżϣʲôͻʲô
ĳһ׽˷ˣǺɵҲ᳹ɢٳ֡
Ӧ֪ģʼղԸȥ£õļвԸѹ
һʱĬ񈐱źӰƬ̺ͨʲôתͷǳض˵
û˵ʲôصͷ˵ûǽ
ϳЩЦ⣬üͷչ˿ﲻ̫ܳãȥϢˡ
˵˲ɢӰʧһ뷿·һ񈐲ϵװʲô
ʧķǳףһ˿ۼû¡
ſŰڳεҲϲΣǲ̣ˣллǿЩ
ûϵϲʲô㣬ϾǰǺѣ㲻øҿ
ֻʳȤʳǮҲԼˣЩûûʲôҪġ
ʱ벻뵽һ㡣
ȻѾ˽࣬ҲûмˣҪߡǰǡ
ҿǻȥ
ˣǿԷɻȥ̫Ҳ̫ˡ
Щ˼ЦЦҲˣסڹ԰ɣ´λȥ԰ô
㶼˵ѣȻԡ
ǣ·Сġ
ߵǰһֱɫСౣԪűɺɫֻѸʧա
ͷãۿ˱Ǻ𾪵ģǰֻȴһֱ壬ڿˣ̲סЦ
ԭôɰ
뿪طԾɸпȻԼ˵ҪȻЩƵģһĶӾͶˡ
ڶιһŶһٻûȥá
ͷݺԼĶƤԪ״һϽסʲô
Ҳ̫ˣǽŶ
֪˵ԼĶƤԪҲ̲סľΪ̴ˡ
ˣȥԵ㶫
ԡ
ͲԣȴһڶӾͳع
Լǧ꣬ŶԼǲǻˣôЩֳڵĸһ˳Ծ˯
ҲΪСûôˡ
˳񈐷ӷϸũˣмҿţԺ׼ʳͲﲻʱðɢζ
ŻûֵطԹ쳤ԴǱ
ҪȥԣԪ顣
Ǿȥɡ˵ȥܳʵط˹ȥ
ûɵطһߴߴ൱ӣŻЩ졣
ͷһȻǰڹ԰۸Сܺŷɵȸǡ
ȸɽֱˮʳ࣬Ұȸһٶȿ̣˳˶ڷֳڣʳ＾ԭȼֻȸ̶¾׳ֹڶǧֻˣȸϲţһһȺس֣Ҳ򲻹һȺ񣬱Ƶû취ʳﶼˣֻܷɽһƬֻʣȸ
ɽ껹ȸֶũ֣ʱ֣ʹʳܴŪһЩʳԡ
һЩȸʲôɣճũָֻҪ˳־ͻǰڻԶǾ͸鷳ˣҪˡ
ũϰǶȺСһ൱գҲвٿ˾ú棬ôåȸɲࡣ
ľֻȸΪһʳվ֦ͷѡ
ũϰΪ˶Ըȸ˺üֻȸĵˣԼԺΧˮйͨ
ֻȸɵһϰæµ۸ͣ
ʲô
˵ǵġ
Գô
֪ȥԡ˵һֻȸֱӷ˹ȥ
ϰŸս˷źãͼһֻȸ˵ԴϣӦжζֱۻ裬ͬʱŹֵĴ̶졣
ȸһطɻؿУڿһ󣬷ֵ˰ˣٴȥ
ε˹ʼʩȸѾⶫԼû̫вŵӶڵԴһһζҲû취ȥ
һȸкͬ飬һȺȸվ˵Դֱϣôôζû˿Ӧ˵˵Կǣĵžž졣
һĻϰʱᣬֱˤﻹûװõĵˡ
ʲôӵ⣬һöûУǿҴ뿪Ȼץˣ
ȸɨѻ裬׷˻ϣߴߴذ̫ˣûйǡ
ԶԶسȺȸ̲࣬סΪĬӣȸʵ̫ˣܳӴӡ
ȸҲУǾǣܺӡ
˴ʮĺũֶȼ٣һһݣֵǸرöӳطûͣһһ
ϰɨѸȸֺ˷ܵؽӹɨĴ裬ȸɵĸߣѹš
Ĺ࣬ĸҪƤ˸֦ûһ׵ƳˣһһСʯ棬һһȸȥȻ˴˼ֻ
ȸ֪Σգɻϣվ֦ͷŭسУǷɻ֦ͷ󣬺Ծûаݣȥ׷
ȸֵسɽȥûע⣬һֱȸȺɽߣԽԽȵǻعʱѾڰɽˡ
ũһСʱľ룬Ǳ׷ߣȻ˿
ƽʱӾ͵ƤҳҲûע⵽ȥɽϡ
ûиɽȸ׷ܣ˷ܵĴų򻶺ȺȸҲôһ졣
ǷɵǰζǼũ֣ȥûȥͿһֳһڱʺĳæ
ŶʱĵʲôԲȥˣζҲС
ԪĬĬرȥ
ǱѰһؼҵ·ڴ̫ܴɽҶ٣ľϡ߳㣬ǲú£һðգ˴˶˷ܵС
Ҿɽ
Ҿ
Ǵġ
ʲô
˭ˣҪһڵʳ
͵ʳ㶼ôˣüˡ
ٺ٣ټȥȻ跢Ǿˡ
˲ľǰţ˺һҲûеɽţɽתƣݺҲлЩˡ
ǲߴˣҾ˵ӦҵģȻɽˡ
¬ͷӦðҼǵǾǴġ
;תôոնûת䣬϶ߵȥˡ
ô죿ߣ
ǾʱͻȻһߴߴ֣һӰܵ˱¬߸׳ʱȴСˣһͲûĵлˡ
ʲô
лϸֱһؿڣǺӡ
ӻô
ᣬӳԹӡ
ɺӲȴϮڵ̵رǾвĶܿüֻӿʼͶŸָ֦Сʯӣඪ
˾ǰ׷ȸһֻܱͷĴܡ
¬˺üΣʯԴϲ޳ͻȻͣס˽Ųŭ
̫ˣûʲô£ΪʲôҪңұ
Ȼһ
л棺͵ֵĴ
˵ڽ̣˵ȥġ¬Ŵӵϼһ֦֦Ǳѹģһ˻ŴûеĻҶӡ
¬ȼǴҶûô¹꣬ҶӺ׾ͱȼˡرȼյ֦һȺӻȥ
һæȥҲٹˡ
¬üԼݵĴ󽫾һôɣӶˡ
лֱ̫ãûиŻ𣬶Ȱѻʦ̵ˣﲻ𣬲ȻЩġ
ܣ⻹ôյأûаЩôܻŻ𡣡
ʱȼմ֦ͷʼлմŵҶðһ̣ѸûһŻ
ƺͣȫǿҶŻһմȥˮ˾ҷӦ
¬ŵһӵﻹȼյľϵĻӾ˻ӣ˲䣬˻õܴͳǰ
ðŨҵĺ̡
л֪һȻ֪ʶϽѵϵͼȥ˻𣬿̫Сˣ·Ҳܿ챻ȥ
¬Ų·سطܣô죬Ҵˣô죿
֪Լˣŵ˵ڿİͣ·ܶĴƮ
л˵Ҫѻ
磬֪ˣǿȥȥҴȻ𡣡
ˣ
ɽôľô࣬ȵȻ˵Щ֪ӵʲô̶ȡ
챾ɽ෢ƬɽһֱѲߣ˵һʱ俴ɽ·Ҳ½˿˿ʼð̵ɽ֣Ͻ˾Ԯ绰
ʱũԺĵûȵļҳŷֺӲˣ׷ԺѰңȴûΧҵӡ
ҲɽðỤ̃лĸ׵ǵҧ촽Ӳȥɽ˰ɣ
¬ĸװοôԶô̫ˣҿ
¬ʶֲڶĴˣǳǰװڴģֻпܱߣð̵ɽ֣ͻȻ˲̫õ뷨
ǲɽˣ첽ɽǱȥ
˲֪ôóĽۣȴҲһͬǰ
ɽԽԽ̶һṦȦ˺üȫȼա
ԪѾҪ԰ˣҪһ·󿴿ҿʱ䣬ʱȥֳ˶ٴͣһӣѵϰŵ
̫ˣվ˷Ԫϱȥʳ
ɽʱͬʱоˣ˱ͶԻУڵҲ֪λá
ˣͣӵĶԷԪ
Ԫתɽַ򣬰˵ôԶľǲÿƫƫǿǱߵ
ɽŻˡ
ΪڴɽǧɽŶɽֶ൱ɵģɽֱջûԹۣɸ˲һ
ȥŴߴ١
ԪطɣָĲٶһᣬ쵽
û˾ص㣬𾯲Ÿյɽ£Ҫøӡ
̶һṦٴҶûӵü죬ʱž죬Ҳ
ſڵľļˣ̧Ҫ
ûжͱԪ
𶯣
㻹ûָãɡЩ
ʵֻԷԪû˺ƻָ
ûʱ̫࣬ŷһԣԼһͷ˻С
ѾɽˣŶɽҪٶҲҪʮӣԪֻʮʱ䡣
ŵǵؿУŹֵȥûӰӣʲô
ĵӣͻȻֻڼ٣ԭĻȦʼֹͣţӺһֻͺڼӰڻУ߰ͷ죬Щˮ㱻С
ԪϷ·𱻶һ⣬ëҲ
ŻȻëǲɫģϸַֻĴ
ɴ۾ŷԪĶӹȥл涼˸УֻһƬڵɭ֡
ԮѾˣǵĺ
ԪСηɵϣҧסųطȥ
뿪һӺ󣬻ǿװȻһǾͶɵˡ
𲻼ˡ
ǰڵľ£˵֮ǰľͷȼŵġ
ûκˮĺۼôģ
ɽµʱȷʵ˰ɣҼǵúܴ󡣡
ڱ˵ˣҲʧĲˡ
˵ɽɽʲôģǰʱ䲻ǻĵˣô̵ʱҲֻɽ˰ɣȻʲôͣ
Сӳֹɢ˼άǿʼԭ
¬ʱ̫ţڴ˱紦ûбţ𾯶ԱǺܿҵ˴ֻҪȡָƣҵˡ
Ǳߴ˻Ҳڵײײɽһ·ˤ˺üΣմ࣬һļҳӾͱش
֪ܿǴ˴ļҳǿ˿ֲģʽֳʱһƬǺ
ܺԪѾѸٴ뿪ֳ
һص԰Ԫſ۾
Ҫ˯һһ£ҡ
ŵǵĵȴţ˴˵еޣֱֻ֪ɻ档
Ԫݾʲô


43 
һֵ˺ü, ֻԸоԪԽԽãϵ¶һߣƤһֱӵë, ָܿʧȥڵ֮ǰʱ
ֻڷ, ŪΧһƬ¶Ҳֻصĸоľʼѿ, дĴ㡣
һЩʼ£, 㺦ɢϢҲɲ뿪
ÿŶѣЩ񳳵Ԫɹȥ, ҪôԶ, Ҫôﲻκ
뿪ˣһʳͰΧʼ˯
οͶԴҲЩдÿߵһƬʱ򶼾¶Ⱥ, 綼ûôˡŵѴø, Ѿûôů, Ȼ״Ҫ̸̳ˡ
ȽĹ̸ũǱߵɽɽھԮӸϵʱĪʧǰŵɽ˵Ҳ˳, λԪ˶ֱͣˣɫظɽģ, ЩŵĴԷǮ˵ҪɽϽɽ, ˵
ȻЩµĶˣ˾ù, ҲȥʲôɽȥʲôϹ
·ʱ񈐻û뿪, סҲܿɽϵ, ԶԶؿɽʧѸٷֻ̲סЦ, ɽʱ򣬲֪ʲôҲʮǽһ
֮ȥ˹԰ûֱӸԼͥڹ԰һŸ߸ߵϿ˵ѡ
Ҳֻ϶һ۴˸к͸Էֿˣû̸ҲûбĶĬ·ص˴ǰ
ԪҲԶÿֻжӵʱȥԵ㶫͸ϽţǺ·ԪͻȻʲôʣӵ˷ԪڵҲֱɻ棬ľ
Ԫ˯˽ʮ죬һ轵ҹ¶ȸЩ
ŶԽԽˣԭ洢ϰٸë֮ڸ˸ɾֳëͨʳһЩҲĵʵ̫졣
ҪҹܳȥԷҹֻȥҹ̯һ̯ӳҲһԱü̯Ӱת缸ëÿ죬ëҹĵġ
ڳֻܼƵسȥʳȥҲҪģе㲻̫붯ԪϽѹι
֪Լô뷨ʹԼһ¡
ԼԵö࣬ԽԽˣԽԽԲӼظƽǸ򣬷Ҳϳ򣬿ܻ
ɳȥʱ඼泰ЦȫˣرǶܿƵԱÿ˵ǳġ
㿴౶ôԲˣûٴ
ǼڲԣΪǻˣôôԲ
Ϲ˵ʲô԰ɾһֻβɽȸ뷱ֳҲû
ⲻǿЦ
ŷŭϷԪ϶ʹһ֮ͣͣΪСĵ˼ëëһСĵԼܽ
ɲܹëȶ֡
ë֮󼢶Ի⣬ҲڲƣڶֵҲϾʳ٣󲿷ҪԽĶﶼᾡԵ㡣Ǻܳ£ĳֻĽΪǿõĶᶳ
ڶʵ̫ˣԶ˵ߵļڡ
ƽһЩ֮Ųپᣬʱʳܶʳζ൱ãһλԵڶΣǮĵĿһ֮⣬ԵĻͦġ
ΨһĵľǷԪѣϵ¶ȻԽԽߵơ
ڷԪϲůУʼˣëŻһѲ⣬ܿѶҪţҲоټȥѾҪŲסˡ
صȴסˣ굽ԪƤСؽԼͼ̽һڵ
ԪųһʯѸٱˣ֮󲻹ٶͽ޹
һȫһţֻܼˡ
ʱŹ԰ƹãʪع԰Ϊ¹кܱ߳е֮ء
Ĺ˰Σֵһ·ߣڳкüе԰·ˣҲԽԽԸĩͽڼչ档
˶ˣʪԭѾͣδĿҲ¿ȻΪˮǵİδΧޣˣҪҲﲻ
԰½ǱԽԽ͹ˮèˣﵱԼ֮ĻΧʼ󣬴Ӱ칫ʪɢ˳Էʱ䣬һ·϶ϵοǣοʲôõΪժ֦һʱ֣Ǹοͷصͺοͻ֣ͣҪצˡ
֪˵οͣèܽצӣȥο͵ֱֱԷع뿪
ΪĵһϴתþͺȣԲ۾Բοǽ׷ܣʲôɫȫΪע⣬Ҫժľٶ
֮èŭˣסο͵ȳ԰ȥ´οͻֻҪһèͿʼϵĽ
οͻ¸ʲôèèͷͳͳûȤ൱ֱ
һߺľǰͷ̣Žѵ֮࣬/èǸƨɺ浽ɣο͵ʱͷҲŰæͷʵڲоʺ
һèһϵ൱ãֱ˹԰һķ羰ߡ
ȻȥҲ֪԰жһһȵ׷ֱ޷⡣
֮Ȼкܴţȴʵı࣬ΪֵͬʱҲܶԲʳһЩרߣ䲻͵һʳȾܣжؾҪn_ϲȵЩˡ
ĻҲ㲻԰һˡ
żСǹû㲻ٹעǡ
÷ԪͿҪˣ¶ԽԽߣҲ֤ݾѾûҳΧˣһȫɡ
ԪʱǸ磬Ÿ΢΢е⣬ҡ֦ҹʳʼӶ䷢ϸ΢졣
ŸоԼһޱȵĳȦסˣǰ
ۿԪԼڿзɡ
ӦһŷַԪˣˣȥģ
ԪûлػԼһ³һ
ʱһֱתڵǧ꣬ʵʵ൱ۺ񣬻ΣֻҪȫתΪԼģʵҲһ㣬ǰٶȺܻȱһϴɵĻֱȼƴʵָϣֻɣҲܿʧ֮ǰˣڵ֮ʱȫָʱ򣬵ʱǺصǰҲûκ⡣
ʱĻҪ̡
û뵽ΪõĽȴԼĻҪࡣ
Ԫ̲סķ౱ˣʵָƲסԭΣԲڹ԰̫ˡ
ǵǣſԼԭκʲôӦʱҲҪ̹˫̵¡
Щ֪ȫ뿪Լ
Щ²ټȥҪԡ
Ԫٶȿ쵽׽ĵزܲٶȶ죬ɻҪȥģôһҪȥ
λһƬ̣žԼҪڻˣҷԪ¶ڷ;ڼԼܿǵĻ𻨳֣ٶٿ㣬ֱӾڿȼˡ
ȻʵҲȷʵˣڷŵĺɫһɫââԽԽʢԽԽʢһ£ȵĻ泹ȼ
ɫëһ㱻ȾɻҽƮɢڿУںȫ֮һ߲ʰ쵵޳ëѸ޴ĳſβڿŵذڶɴϵĻ̫ͬһҫء
˻Ϊ̫ˣʶصͷȥֱ̧ͷʱɻɣʲôֻ̫бƲֳķ״Ӱ
ѾˣڷԪʼʱԪǰתƵ˱ϣããȻھϿƮ޳ëëԴں󷽰ڶβᣬ밲һβʱʱ塣
ⲢûŸоο൱㤡
ǺڼıôôôԼĲôࣿҲ̫˵㡣
ôǧ꣬ȫѰ˵ʲôͳͳûУҲûһֱΪǲڵģֻƾѡ
ɷԪӣ͸ഫ˵ķһģһ
˶ˣȻһֻദôãöëڵ
ѹôˣǿǷ˰ͨ֡
ſʼЩ̿ԷԪ˲ٹֵ£᲻Լ׾ٵ¡
Ҫܵĳ嶯ˡ
һ˴˵е޿ܻϲΪǴŻȴⲻǻ١
Ԫζ˻ڵĵز֪˲Żǲɱػˡ
ԪϵĻȼ˺һᣬŰȵڻУЩûж˿˺ֻܸоůУܻǷԪڵӰ졣
һϵĻ£Ԫȴûٱغڼģʱ쿪ʼ̫ӵƽԪ̫һ֮ʼ½
Ŷ֪ǵģȫİĵؽ硣
ԪһҶԭƬͩ֡ڵ̫ˣԴβֱӺŷŵ¡
ŴӱתƵϣվԼ⣬ͷԴһڡ
ԱӴķˣžżҼһ
㣬ǷˣСʵ
ԪͷƺɤҲ˱仯ֺȴָ߹ĸоҲֻŶڷ˵˾ӳɡ
ǣԲôãǰʧ޷ԭ֤һֱ㡣ҲǹģǲЦ
ĸЦԼռ˴ˣ˷ëõڵԷĻš
ûһ㶼̣ڲܷԪ˵ʲôȫ
Ԫûӣ˿̽żʵмһֱûҵ˵ϴ˵һν˯ˡ
ţ˵šŹɵض׺ãŬɴ۾רעؿ
ѪܷһУ֮ͷǳãҾͽڵɸ㣬ǵڵУҵڵᣬɵģһ޷סԾɻ¡ԡ
Ų²öûʲôҪڵԼ֪ԪǷһоͶ͵ͨˣڵ˵жҪű˭ԪȻԸ൱ж
ʲô
ʱ벻İ취ˣ˫ޣ޷סҵڵңðأûоͬ⣬͸㣬˫ˡԪ˵СĿİͰͣһ˵һŵı顣
ȫɵˡ
˫˫ޣ
ʲô˫ʲô˫ʲôޣ
˫ޣ
ǣôʲôǵҲʲôоûУ
㣬˵ģ
ǧȫ崻ˣôըԵϢ
˷ë˷ڵ˫ˡ
һֻͨͨ۵ĳβɽȸһֻ˫ˡ
ĻԵô
ϿʼðˣֻЩ޷ƵҪӰɫɺɫ
ԪЩǵǰʶȥҪһʵһθ˫޾Ȼȫ֪¡
侲һ¡óֹĶ˵ʮԶһϡ
֮ΧʮȫŵطԶˣطûУǳʺŶ˼
ԷԪֻΪ˾ŸԼڵԼ˫ޣΪģֻҪƽ̬ͺˡ
ֹͷ˭ͬѡ
ллҡ
ʱҲģҲҵѪҵΡԪ
ҪллģѾûˡſʼ
֮䲻Ҫ˵Щ
ò˵ġ
һһؿһ󣬷ԪͻȻûٴȻûķеİ
Ŵô裬֮Ҳ˵ллۡ
üмû˵ǾŻˣ˯ʮ죬֪ڵ
ձβɽȸķֳڣʱ䲻̫ãٶҲǳ죬ֻʮ죬ԼǷˣ˻üĶУԼƿǶҲ˺ü꣬Ȼ⵱ԼԸԭǰ󳬹ʮųһֻ̡
˭Ҳ˵ͷεףԪرš
Ҫ˵һ˵꣬Ԫ˿ż£û뵽ûڣоһɧȵЩܿƵرӿ
ԪԾؿţٴν§ڻС
ŽӲϵζȴǰҪʮȫκʳֻܽӲű§ס
ȻѾָˣԺ󻹻ع԰ôӣܳǰͼҵ㻰⡣
Ԫһǳͣʲôһ
ǲҪ뿪ˣ
ǲż㷢˵ɶҲ÷ϣϾҲôࡣ
Ҫ֪Ȼаٷ֮ʮл//飬Լаٷ֮ʮĳ񶼲չȻ²ܱ֣һͻܾչ˷Լĳ񣬴ΪҲֻΪѡõĻúǿ׳ȻҲܾԼĴ񣬱ϾֳܾͿڹԽԽá
ʵҲǷǳ⣬ϾԪôǿֻˣ¶һˣ˵׬ˡ
ԪĻȴᶨҡҡͷᡣ
ſŷԪƯޱȵ۾ĪЩ졣˳ÿÿѤãֱһֱҪΪӡ
ԪԼﲻ̫ԾˣŸջָԭȻ͵˷ֳڣȫ¶ɧš
ԼŵԴĵǰغͱ
ûƿ
÷ԪЩģǵһżҲ֪ô˵ôźãֻܲͣţˡ
ͷʺŵ̧ͷͼԪ۾ڷ⣬˹
һԼſ죬Աһֻɽȸʵ̫ˣſȫ̵Լ
Сëܿ챻˳ҧ
ŻˣҪʲôͻȻ̬ҪԵɣ



44 
űֻǻŵ, һҶӲشڷԪĴ˿ˮ
Ԫ, ЩʲôָУֻܲë, һҲ֪Ϊʲô, ܾɢһζ, ζˡ
ȫ˹ǰŴѷԪζѾȫֿˣɷԪʼ̲סˡ
ԪȻô, һЩ̲ס, һСëëϵȫ˸顣
ܸоֻԼˣܲ֡
ԪҪԼɣǰȫݷΪ˵һ죿ĻҲ̫ˡ
Ҳ˵
ȷԪƷ˷ſʱ, ѪɳëϵĿˮڽӴûþͱˣͿһ˿ˮë׺˱ʯ⡣
ſûԼëôһԪԶٴ뿿ʱ档
𶯣
ԪԹԶԭس
һǾҪ侲һ, 뵥, ҡ˵곯𴦷ȥ, Ԫ޴Ƭȥ, Żͷ, Ӷ, 
Ԫֻɥͩϣ벻׼ǰǶúõģôͻȻҪ侲һ¡
ѵԼĶŵ̹飬ҲûԪ̲סʼ˦βͣŲųҲͬҫżˡ
ȻֻǵŲûдӦ
˷һԪֵľ˷Ҫȥģȥãʲôʱʱϲô
ԪβͻȻ뷱ֳڣҪżĶˣֻ񶼷ǳܡ
˰죬ԪʵͨѶߵģ˶ԷֻţϽֻҵŵֻ㿪
Ѿɳȥһεŷֻһ£û˸Ϣص㿪ۡ
ֻϢһƬհס
ţ
Ǳ߷ԪЩ͵ؿԼֻˣԼ֣ƴ֣ԣʲôҲȥ
΢ſԷǸãûаȥ
ͻȻԼмҪû˵
ͷʼð亹Ҫ侲ʱ˵ʲô
ԪԼҲҪ侲һ¡
۷˵֣ûлţֻǰȥֻ֪ص˹԰ѣڹ԰һ󣬿·Ծɲ֪ƣææµµֻûԼҲתϴԼӲҪսġ
תͷȥĿĵתȦ
˵Ҫ侲һʵġ
ͻȻ֪ԪʵǷʱޱ𾪣ͬʱҲһ㵭ĽԼܸѣ֪Ȼ˫ˣԴʵûκθΪǵˣо˵Ĺһ
ɵ侲뿪Ԫߺ»֪һУйİب֮䣬֪ǷˣܻôϻﵱʮҲҡ
ڷԪΪ˾ԼڵȸԼ˫ޣºǲǾúˣ
Դ߰㣬ûŹ
ҲǾЩԱ
ὲһҲţıֻͨͨ۵ıβɽȸɽȸȺޱӴ󣬵λȸûκ𣬷ֶҲǱɱĶ
˲ξŵʱҪ࣬ҪܸӥĹһֻûгɾץסǻĴñϥ
ڵɽͷʵҲʵеʱÿ궼øϹһʯﶼϽɣϴ鲻ˣᱻʱߵĳµɽȸҲҳڴǰϽ
µɽȸʲôֵĴż˺ܾãҲʱʶԼֻֻͨͨɽȸѡ
ҲǶʱ䣬ۿһֻ󾫺һֻԵŵ˺þجΣεԼҲˣʼԼŲεĵط춬ʱɴֱӰԼڵ£±˷ˡ
ǸĴɱˣɽͷûŰ
úˣɱԼӥҲͣСĵСܵʱֱӸܾˣֻһЩʵȽСԼɽ
ŵʼһԱȻԱһֻһֻʧˣԷԪʱһԱð˳
ԪֿΪԷѡ
ûгףҲҳϣ˫ˣӦÿż˰ɣǷԪԸôһܾô죿ǧͷһԸ⣬ʵ޴ֿգҲ֪ôԣҪͨСͰӲϹˣǶԷһˡ
ʱߣӰԼжϺ˼
תãеˣ˯ʱҲųĶƤֶһϣ˯ˣȻˣûڵǾġ
͵Ըȥ˯ʱֻһˣԥƬֻȥǷԪƷ΢š
ţʱôϴԼĹ㻹ǵðɣ·ѾȫˣҪԴգȥ㣿
ûطȥھʱ䣬ģȥ㡣
־ϲԼַ˹ȥҪȥɣͦԶ
ԶҲܷɹȥſ۵ַ󣬷ھ벢ԶɹȥҪӣǳһ˹ȥ
Ƶ΢ŲŸշȥûþ㵵ţţţôô죿
ڸûͣݡ
ƿԱֻ꣬ϲ£˰칫صһֿ⣬ֿ޴󣬰һŻܣÿһŻ϶·ʱгӺͿʮԱںɵطּװϿݵ
칫صڲֿڣص㲻ȲֿСҿͷһϢӦоУרֱķ䣬һյģʱű¶ģزʱ
һͱȻĳһ£񈐵Ĺң⻹ǵһ˾
ֱӳģյĵطȥ·ǸĶʹ
ſڲ붬ôϴˣ
ڶǰһȵ·Ҫա䲻䣿￪ůӦúõ㡣
ҡҡͷ仹ȵûţ̫ˣƵеͷΣ˯ƤҪˣصǶĺܶ
˦˦ԴƽݣϴĵЧʵ̫ˣʱ޴ƿֿ˻˼ķװʦ¿Ҫ֪ǰɲôֱʡ
û뵽żûֺÿ¸߶ȣͷں緢ȥϴˮ涼ˣƤ뿴Ҳû˿覴ã⻬׾հǵļϵ·Ҳ֪ʲôʣرӣʲô߼˽˶ġ
ƾſϴӦԼոˣһĳҲˣ˷ܵؽֿ䣬ȴһ䶼û
۵ʱȻʶ뺰ԪȥԼ򷹣뿿˯ֶ죬û³
Ʋע⵽״̬̫ԣ̲סʵǲǺۣϢңҪȥ˯һɡ
ʽ죬·Ҫ
ǸسЦһ£ȷʵһܶίŶӡ
̲סЦˣʲôȥҲкܶóԵ
ǵһνӴĶóֻƽԼô㡣
ԷƼһζ൱Ľӵ꣬Ϊ͵һݶѣû뵽ŽнӶ˸飬ۿŹﳵһ٣ƸϽԼľͺˣǲԡ
ãȻ̧ͷûеǵİҲԣ
ǲǣôԵô
Ե갡֪Լڷ󣬵ǳԲܣҲô࣬ʵ̫ǮˣÿٷǮһϣ⻹ǽʡٽʡ֮ˡ
ƿĶ̲סĨ˰ѶϵĺģصһǽʳʣԼݵ㣬ܲԾͲԣɿж࣬ŵãⷹȴθˡ
һֱȻһ£̲ס̾űϴμȷʵ˲٣ûб仯ӣǲ͹ôһ㣬Ҳֻһ㣬࣬ҪPͼҺһĽǶȾͲᱻĳ
㻹עɣ̫θĸܴ󡣡
ŶӾǸ޵׶ûôгŵĸоҲ֪ԼθʲôͷȷϰťҪȥǮʱЩɵۡ
ǿڿڻ΢ɶûǮģû֤Ȼûп
̧ͷģҹȥԡ
幫أеԶôҪȥˣ
ûǮųʵش
ϴμֻûУֻȴûǮһκ仰һ㶼ˣƺҲеΪʲôŻǰԼž͵һȼ
ȰĹʽ㣬ֱת΢š
ãлл
ŲǮڽˣ֮صȴ
ưϢңſɳֱ˽ȥɳʵ̫ˣҲȥȣƶŵƶ׽ɳƺ˶ˡ
ƵһμʱͶڽĸ߽ŵϣʱٿֻʵ̫رˣȫǸǧóģҲǹؾɰɡ
ô
ŵͷ
Ƴ߶һᣬܿ飬վ˵ЩʲôͼѾ˯ˣԶɳ˯ˡ
ı죬ûкĬĬ߳ȥĵعš
û˯ãоһ͵ˣζŪѣʶǺԺһŽһŽӵ͵ģصļԱĿɿڴؿĶҭסˣôӣȫ׽ȥĺж֣
ųнӲ΢һЩ͵ԼϽָԷ
ܵűߣп첣ǽܴ濴棬Դſǽ͵棬ܲܽнӶ꣬Լֻе;ͽˣΪŻ潫нӶԹˡ
ĬĬӣǿǸ߷ֱɣʲô
ôţƾͶ˱̲õ̲裬ҲһⱭͺ춹㳢
ųɫ̲ǰһرϲüˡ
̲һڣ۾Խúúȡ
ȷԪëζˣ
ϲͺá΢Цһ仰˵žһͣذ̲ȹˣһسϡ
ѹ̶ֶ̼첻ˣЩȥԺֻܴԴװˣƼֱΪʹġ
δس̲ϣؿƣҵһκ̲裬ʵ̫úˡ
ͻȻŽһԼһݹͣʱڲʹļףôһӰ
һ̲߷ֱ˾ŷֱһֳһԼĶӣԭЩ͹ĶӸˡ
ûסһ£ȵصɴ۾ָһӲӲģ̫ǱֵƤ񣬷ǻˡ
мˣҲиԼĺӣںӶ׶԰ˣ֪еĶʲô
㣬⣿
Ŵ˸ǷɻظԼĶӣʳ֣ǰ춼ûﲻԡ
ʲôôˣ
ƿӵ״϶ˡ
ǲǻˣ
ڴǷı̵˵˭˭ˣ
㲻֪Ʊȡ
죬Сܳȥһ˽һãѧҽģѰ
С￴źصӣЦѡԴŵŻ䲻̫ͬȴҲ̫ԶС￴
ϰգ۸һȷʵˣӦûֻһ
һ˫̥ϲʵ̫ˡ
㶵رԼĶӣԾһţôܻˣʲôʱ
ܿԪ˵Ϊ˾˫ˣʱѾʮһˣķֳڶҪѵˡ
ѹ֣ѹȳȺ˯ѹôŹ֣Ϊ˷ڵԵʣΪ˰
ǷԪ֪ô
û˵Ӧǲ֪İɡ
ڸô죬ôеˣһζѣô׼ô
һڸҳ˽
ǰſԵȫͷӦͲģһֱΪӵůͼ¶Ϊڵ
ƤǻӦһСůůģƺظڱQ
ƺʲô֪Լȷʵˡ
ƻڵϴθһǸϹô֪֪£ҲǴģԻ˻û֣Ͻ˵˵ϲѶɡ
ԥػԴʱǣǲ˵˰ɡ
Ԫһܽܵ£Ͼ˫Ϊ˾ģ˵Ҫ
ǂz֪ǳʲô£Ҳùʣ̲סҡҡͷкǺ£Ҳ֪ܿأЩòҪţ๵ͨУȥ죬ҪƳٵ죬ȥҽԺ㲻֪ôҺŵĻҴȥڲţϢ˯ˣһؼ˯ɣд㡣
Ÿɢ⣬̲סЦ£ллȥҽԺܺãҲܺãûʲôʡճɡǮְҵµġ
ֲֻܵͷϢһ£ϸһؼ˯
á
˳ȥæµٴѽɳС
ûԼкŶ֪ôӣҪǷԪܽܣԶ͵͵
ǰչ˹к֮ôǷе㲻̫ᣬûзһѪܸ̲̫ͨһԿ϶ԺԱԼ
ǧͻȻˣԼļˣ뻹е㿪ġ
һ뵽ԪˣҪҪ
﷭ȥȥӦñ۾˯ŵģԴ飬ôҲ˯š
ϢԱ߰Ű칫ң涼Сһϰһ죬˵е
Ǹͬѧʵ̫ˣУÿϰ׬̷ǮؼϴķȻĸɧ죬˵ų˾ºöģ첻ױֳ˻ţһûСҶҪ˺ô²ۣҸǽŻоͳȫϿģﲻ֪ж
ǣǰ˾ϰȻɧţֱ߱ĵְˣңҿ¼ˣʱ˭˭
ɵƯã
˸ڵİԣűЩ˯Դ˲˹ؼԶɡ
У죿
˭Ԫҹʹͷ


45 
ڵ컹ڼ
ͬѧǷϹ, Ϲ˵ԼӰ࣬ÿһŻ͵͵˺ܾ, λ˳ӣҰ⳵, üһڴ˾飬ͬѧѺӴϹֿʼҪ鷢ĸĹ, 
ס, ͵شɳվ
ԪӦòһֻʲôƯûƯԼƯôӦãĪ뵽ĳڷԪ߼һɫë¡
С˵ϾһҰ㣬˾￴Ź, һԶ㡣
ţ
ǵĵ㡣
ǻжǰŲŲЩɰǸ˭ȲɰԪСܣ̵ĵ˭, ʹ˭
뵽, ں˼еԱӱܵ˲ѹ
ǿǷ, һ޶޷, ǿֺÿֺó, һֻôɱ˼񲻵˼ңõ˷ڵ̣ĻԵúץסԵڵʲôøô
ܣԲܣ񣬶ԷϻڵأƿʲôľԲܣ
Կ²ܸɡ
ƽϵ˲ˣǲǱΣ췹Ҳûˣ
û뵽ԼôãҵżˣŶʱٺЦ
ӣֿϰ˵ʵԪˡ
һͷŴ˳ȥæµţ΢Цȵģʱһ£һСṦôͱ˸һ
ȻȥˣðϢ
ԭǺͺˣƶʱǺãȥҪô
ãԼȥͺãæɣллҡ
ûû£ףҸ

Цذ֣ż±ȽҪ
ߵû˵ĵطԭγԪȥΪڵ£˿ԻӦԷλãַԪȻѾع԰ˡ
£ԼϢĽӽ԰ϿԶԶ¿ȥ֪ԼڵʱԪʲô
һëҪըˡ
ָֻ˺ڼģķԪΧȻΧֻ߰ŤƨɶëСЩɦŪ˵سԪۡԪȻǰóԷë
żֱҪըˣǰڰ칫Ļ˲Ժһһ
ڷԪ֪أȻ͸Ŀŵѡˣ֪԰˭ϴôǵõʱ˭Ȼô
һŭ֮͵سȥ췢ŷΧһ
ֱֱسŷԪԴȥģԴ֮žݺĵͷƤϣһ޶һëûȷԪӦֶݺݵȥëֻצӶݺݵץƤ⡣
ԪԭоŻܿģûôԴֻͷƤϼۣĪˣֻóסԴһ߶һߺ
ôˣ
һ⻰ĸˣӼ٣㾹Ȼôˣ˵ôˣ
ԪĲ֪뿪֮ǰ˵ԼҪô˼֮ôѵΪԼЩ£˵Լˣ
ǲǷԼˣұһģû˵ˡ
仰ºŴ㶼룬ԭԪ֪ˣ֪ȴһֱûиԼ
÷Ԫư칫ȺС˵һ㶼ԲϣϾԪǲģȻ˵Լ֪ˣ
ʱʵо
֮ͨˣոնֶֻƤˣûжÿһצΧ֦˺ü
ԭΧڷԪߵŵûӰˣҲһŵ÷ԶˣڶԶԶڸǻϴܡ
ϴӰ룬ϵһֱܺãھȻìˣ԰ǳˣȰֲǰ
οǺ͹԰ĹԱҲļս֪ôˡ
Ԫëĵöһһ飬ëëɣоˣһһζܣ͵ض㿪ǰסĺ󾱣򰲸ؿʼ˳ë
µӣſƽԴһ˦ܿĳ
๺ͳң񣡡ŷԪʹౡ
»Ԫסˣԭ˸ոյ£ԪʱЦ
㻹ЦҲһͱ˱ֻ뿴һˣҪһ¸ףһëȫһš
ڸԭίԪͣˣǼֻڽô׷㣬ôǷֳܶҲ֪ôѧϰ
Ų̫ŵ۳ߣ˵Ǿǣô֪ǲƭҡ
ոǶܵġ
ģǺʡԪһǰܵļֻսսط˻ɵ֦վһţβҲҶˣһֻֻƵġ
źɵسǡ
⼸ֻ̧ͷȿ˷Ԫһۣ󰤸˿ڣȴΪͶǸ״ϴ󣬶ϴʾż̸ڲǷֳڣҽв
ϴ󣬶ϴ˵Ҫѧϰ̫ˣĵҺʹ
**ǷûеֻСʯͷӲֱҺÿడ
ϴ񲻲治ᣡ̫Ϊˡ
ϴ˵Ҫ񻥶ҿҳתͷȥأĺܳô
һͷߣⶼʲôʲô
ԪҲû뵽ᱻַŲڵʱǶʵһԹûУ˵ʲôʲôЩҲˡ
ŰͺԴԱŲŲ
ʵѾˣոշô𣬾ô׷ƺеΣһ´ʲôֱӲˣѹǾңҸҲϴҵľСոѾǱˣȥɣˡ
ллϴ󣬲ࡣ
ֻŤߡ
ǰǂzܵʱΧȺ٣źͷԪĶԻҲ˸ɾһЩѾ֪ڻˡ
˯԰ˣէˣǶ൱˷ܣʱڻɲףڵ״̬º׶ʳҲǸ⡣Ƕ֪ϴҪЩȫףѾ׽˼
ϴ󣬹ϲҲٶȼطɵߣ춪ֻС
ӲشһҶ
ȵҲҧ˿㽶
ȻϽȥʳ
ǽȥһʱͼȺǲͣطɣŵĲҰ߶ѣ֦ȫ˸ʳ
űԪģÿβ˵һ־ͱСǴϣ֪ȫ˸ɾעҲӷԪתƿˡ
ֻʳЩʵܲסϽͣ
ˣˣŲˣллңǵյˡ
ȺЩģ͵͵˺öණɢ
źͷԪֹܲע⣬Ҳ˲ע⣬ȺֿʼͶΪʵޱȷѽ⡣
۷׷ףڰοֻô
ȰܰɣȰܻһˣû顣
ôֻһȰܣֻĵλӦúܸ߰ɣҲֵλô
ܣƸһеʶ԰طֻϴ֮ġ
ŽսյĴռתͷԪ
ѾˣҲƽ͵ظ˵
ǷԪеңĶëųͺһһ飬С
Ԫؿһ
űë׵߹ȥЩΣǰ˲ų嶯˵㣬Ҳǹġ
ǰһֱȥԪĹϵ͵Сܣ񿿽Ԫ;òģڳ뿪¸Ҵ󵨵ϡ
ʲôʱ֪һģʣ˷Ԫһˡ
Ԫʵش𣺡ͷˣǰչҵ˻ʱҾߣ֪һ㻳״̬ʼе㻳ɣ㷹˯ȷ
ΪʲôҪңΪʲôң
ԪøСˣСһֱһ˵㲻ܽҪˡ
˵֮󣬳ûˣûģܷ
ԭԪҲϲ̵ġ
ŵͻȻࡣ
ʲôʱ˵Ҫˣ
Լ̫ˡԪԹϴ
Լ˵ʲôϵʲôԾɰͷǰֻèèķԪ
Ԫ£ġ
˵
Ԫʪ˫ɶԵǣ󵨿ڣż
ߡŴӱǻ߳ڣǿˣʵﶼѾðˡ
ɲ˵ģǷԪԼ˵ż
㲻Ҿֻͨɽȸ
Ҵûʲô塣
޵۹ȻȽᳫͬһ𣬵ͨ飬ǿܻ񣬺ӶѾڶˣοҲҲڶֻ˿ˣһԼϲĸҪ
˵ɵԪǰ߸ƽصȻżˣЩǵ˵
Ԫã˵
Ժң㲻ұ񣬱ҷֵĻһٷݺݻӶ
ԪϴμôԴǮܾĳһ
ģ㲻бˡ
УԺκ¶ңȻһ᲻ġ²ˣֻһͺܷˣھû˯
ãԲûбˣǡԪ˵мû˵Ǿ⡣
һֲԣʲôû˵
ǹҵЩӣʵҲġлкܶɾסһֱһ޵۹ĸ߿ƼϵУձˣ󲿷˶ж̬۹һҳĸ뿪ˣһֱҵǣǰʱȻӦǴڣҾǿҪȥңû뵽ʧܣ͵
Ŀɿڴˣ˵ĵطѵɽô
Ԫãɽʲôط
Ǻܶɴܴڵĵطֻһܷǰ
ԪҡͷӦòǣ޵۹˼ˣ󲿷ֶͨ˵ɽʵôҵĸĸ᲻
ҡͷҲ֪һǧҲû˷ƾǸ˵ڵİɡ
Ԫϴֻ˵ǰҡһǧ꣬ûܹĻķԪá
ǧˣ
ŵǵȻڿǸǧġˣ
ԪգգۣȥƿǵڣʮꡣûƿǵʱӦʮ塣
ţ
ͻȻоЩƽô£츳ô˼ʮͱԼǧ껹
صұ˾Űʮ꣬ỵ̵̵́
ԪЩЦǧҲһɰһ仯ûС
СǰĳԲС˻ûоܾҲû
Ԫëëϲ˲Цҵż̡
ͷ˻ëëûкúÿķ̬ǰʵ̫ˣûϸ˶Űëǻһֱɫϧڷֱɿˡ
ôֱˣ
ԪЦã̫ˣᱻ෢֡
ǿϧһûпء
Ԫȥڲĵӣ컹ûڣ̫ббعߡ˷һֻصǰƬͩ֡
Ԫת˷ˣŷԼϡ
˵ıǳ߲ʻëϸĹ⣬βζֱ浴ǧˡ
ǰԴͺһ飬ڷԴϵëƺҲЩϡ衣
Ҳûһƨֱȥ˳ëëһ»ȥӽβײʱ򣬷βͻȻ˦ߵԴϡ
˷ܵ˳ŷԪٴλȥ
û뵽Լбõһ죬ԪʵǶŵ˼е壬ͬʱԽɰˡ
湻˲ͣϸϸëûסſβϿһڡ
βֳֿëȻ˳ܷǳ׳ӲһڲûпеĵԼ๡
С౳һȦԪβὫס
ó졣
ҵ챻ĵˡſߡ
ԪŲһ¶ûУ볢ҵë
±ƣֱҲ׳صͷǰô󣬿ͺܺóԵӡ
Ԫͷ͵ԼëΪˣոԼźͱϱĵë͵͵ˡ
һȷ廹һʺɫëݵǰëʱģ㳢
ҧסëëëһ㶼һӲһ̣ʹýþòȥҲҪһʵҭˣһ㶼óԡ
ŷëȥһС飬׼ҧͷͲСıܺݺݴһ£ۡ
µë̫Ӳˣѳԡ
ԪסûЦëгһСӷԴϣǲǶˣ
ӾͳԵ߷ֱ̲Ŀ죬ָԪһͨڶͿˡ
ŶƤҶˣ̶ˡ
Ԫǰֻ֪˵ȴ֪ϵëٴһѱš
ˣȥԷʲô
תת۾Ĳԣë
Ԫһҭ˲˵ʱֻΪë
Щвٿ棬һһѱõë
㡣
ЩëŵŨζϵζҪ㣬Ҳۡ
ģ
ҵһλëʱµġԪ
ŲûгԵЩë󣬾յ˴ռУҪţԺƿˣǵķһ𵱼
Ԫ̲סЦˣġ
ֻǵزһᣬҲϵëȫһ񫣬ɿ뿪ȥԷ
ƬɭⲻԶһУ˳˶ȫͬζŷ
һֱû˯ţڽ˵żֶ˸ң·ʲôˣؿڷԪ˯ˡһҹ˸Ρ
ԪһֱߵСౣһֱҹ˯š
ŵĸоһʧȥĸԳɳЩ꣬ԪҲʱ޿̲ϣӵһԼļҡ
ڣԸʵˡ


46 
һǱѵ, ֪ԼΪʲôԭ֮ſ˶ӳԣϾӪǸģҲŵӪ
඼ڳԺõ, Լζʲôûй˼ɡ
մһʣǮ˰, ֱԵʮֱͣ
Ԫ, һֱӡ
õô
һˣû¡
ɢһֱȥƵĹ, Ӧ˽㡣
Ԫ״̬ҪЩ, ŷ󣬲ǮС
Ǯ󷽣һһ򣬹һˡһͶһ, ԶһһٴסһҲ֧һ¡
Ԫʼü˼ЩǮİ취޵۹һն˾ʲô, ûЯƷϰ, ȻóҲܶǮˡ
һʱҲ벻ã˽˹ҡ
ƿһ֪ͬ˵Ҳͺ, ʱֵúϲ£졣
ȻһۣĻ¿·ҪҪһԣһĸоرáȰ˵Χй˲岻ȥ, վһԳɷ羰, һϾ, Чǵô򵥡
Żͷ˷Ԫһ, Ϊܾû뵽ͷ
ԣô㣿
˲סЦõصȿЧװ࣬ͼףֻܿǧٶˡ
ǧܶˣͨģһҲһǧѣǧǿŵ϶ġ
ԪҲûۣǧԸ죬׬ǡ
˵úǱռ䣬ȥռҪ칫ңû߽칫ﴫһЦ
ÿɰ仹˵ʲô
ô
ϲʲôĹôУһ㡣
һȺ˵Уһ󺬺ּĽ
ұˡұˡ
⻰һЦ˭ģ
ߵ칫⣬źزĿ֮ŵİ칫УСΧһ˵վһֻԴǳһźεġ
Դ𼸸ϸĶڣ۾鶯Բɰˡ
ǾĵǴֻĿз
һ˵ѧҽŮϰָİĵëֻҲûõģ·߿˳ˡ
ν͵仰ҽ̵ģҲ֪ģ֮ǰ˵һֱϿڣѧ˵˵ľ䣬һһ
ҹ˯žͻȻվߺұˣ˭һӦ¡ϰǶӣŵúҹû˯á
ͲԴ˼࣬ϰǰѯ˭ȻʲôûʳǾ·ѧġ
ʱϰΪûˣ֮Ȧһۡ
ĻĻЩҲ˵Ǿ䣬ϰ͸עˡ
ĺҲҪ飬ϰӰȥˣĲԲ仹ҧԼëëѯͽ˹˾
Ĵ൱ɰҲڿһ㣬һۿȥüﲢֻģһˣһһСŵ˾Уż̧ͷΧະһ˶Ļ޶ԡ
ŵĽŲסĺһᣬ֪ˣٳȥܻĳΪһҲ޷ֿ
˱ʵټźض࿴˼ۣ·ǲߣе˷̧ͷ
һ룬ԭͻȻԭϵҲ˵õ˵ϡ
һϽȥӣӿڲСıˣĳûɳֱֱȥ
ȻĲû˳ɵϣŷɵ;ͱԪֵסˡ
üĳá
Ĵϸо˿־壬岻ɪɪ**ѵؿ˿ڡ
ұģ
Ψһܷźš
ķԪֱ۽ķŵԼģȥйҽԺζûҽԺš
ָ˳˳ĵëëĺܿ찲Դȥֵָñȶ˻Ҫǡ
ԪЩصͺһŲһŲֻסŵֱ˿±ëëشš
öһ£ʲô
ġԪ
̧ԴϺһ£һͷˡû
Ԫ
ֻ׺ݵضġ
ɪɪԽţҪ嶼ˡ
ＸСʱŷӦ״ϽſӿϰǴкµظǵһôˡûץ㣿
ҡͷûУܹԡ
ϰɻֳζôûô׽ң˵Ŀ̫΢ˡ˵Żٿ޵ĨĨᡣ
ŽͻϣʵʵվûֻԾɿš
ģʲôʱʼ˵仰ģ
£·̯ģϰ˵ԼķֳģĶˣʣһֻһֱûȥԵͼ۳ҵġһΪʲô˶ܺãƢҲͦá˵ϸ¡
˵ǰʲôôġʡ
ϰĪʵЩôһֱڼûôȥŶҪȥҽԺ飬ʹһȥˣҽԺҲԶ·ȥģʱ㱻һײұõüʱˣӦòǳ°ɣľûˡǾǾ仰⣿ǿڵѧİɣҾһ߸һ߿ӡ
ϰʲô¼ڡ
Ų÷صͷûٶʲôûʣͦɰġ
ϰʱĵǰɣҲóɰ
ϰʱ䣬Ȼ˾Ҳܵ˹ϰռ̫ʱ䣬Աϰɫ̫ÿˣϽķŽ
ҲƼȥ䣬Ǹ־ǿ̫ż
ҲҪ£ǷƽʱԲһ࿴ۡСȷУƶչĶ࣬ǵһҲЩ棬ſڶ䡣
ȥ죬һֱûƤòҪôױϾͷǳÿͷҪ··ҲҪһ׻ҪھͷǰְƣԪҲŻ·ơ
֮ǰҪЩ·˰ףÿһʱ䶼࣬ûͣٵʱһͣҪȥ·
Ԫݹ̫࣬û˵ʲôɽһ쿴ζ̲ס뺰ͣʼһһ䱧ԹĻû˵ƽʱְϲܣʱֻһҵˣУʱʱͣϢһᡣ
ԪȭͷĳȥһϲԵĶ
ǮȻǰתģȻÿγԷ˷ԪҪĿ˵˶⣬ŻǸת˲ٹȥ
ԪԼֳС
ȥʱںˮЩˣ˺üɿǹˣֻЩԽԽ尾
ԪԶӷĹϽʳŵǰ
ϢҴһ٣Ϊö̶ಹӪʳＸ⣬ָ⣬ٴϽ֭׷Ե͡
ԪϸĵһŸֽʵʱָ죬ʱʱιһˮֱԴһϸ¡
ſڴ͵һᣬĽᡣ
ʵԪΪڷֳڵвʲôٴڼǲȥʳģֻﰲ̥ʱ񲻽Ҫʳ׿ιʳιһ˶ûദʲôԡ
һ緹ûг꣬Ϣҵžͱ˴ˣϰֻ˻ɤžε˽
Ǻ̫ˣɤѾټϵëңǱ
ǵֹͣ˽кְվУζźͷԪ֪ĻΪˡ
ϰЩζôҲûôרעԼ
뿪һֱУƴ볯ȥ֪ô£ǲֵܽðɣ
һ׷һۣǣûģұȽϲ
˵־ͦǿҲܴܿпܾ֮󣬾Ϳʼͣźˡ
֪Լʲô󣬼ȻˣҲû飬ֱӵȥϰɣķ߾ͺˡ
̫鷳˰ɣǴỹҪ㡣
չ˺㰲ϰࡣ
ллϰһͷؿԼҵģֱ߳ȥҲûͷһۡ
Ϣû֮ٴοģҪҾ㣿
͵˵ӱԵеؿңҡظ֡
ԣҪ֪㵽ô£ôĵģ
żػζ˵嵽ײŬҲֻܶ϶³򵥵֡
ģ͵ײ
ŷһʵҲ²£˵ֻǱ͵ģ㱻ײ˾ͱģ
Ľҡͷֱﲻԭһŵͼվȥȴ޷չֻСĵطʹط
ſŶżӵ˵ö
ǰһôã˵ⲻԼ壬껹ܲٿһЩģֻƴҪڽ
˳
ҲǶӢʿٽţģɢģʱȫ͵ˣҵ͵ĵˣСĶѾˣǻ쵰ܣûԴʱеΣûзϣؼҵ·ϳ˳ͱˡҵĶ˱ǣƨϡ
Ӣ˵Ųƨ
Ȼëǵ·һȥԲͼӦеĳһ֡
ܸоɽһѹҶûָоôǾȾҰɣȥˡô̫ˣشӱԵ䣬ǿڻ˺ϣشͷȥ
ŴŪֻǶӢʺĴһ̫ˣѾںϵƣҪȥе鷳ܻ˵Ҳܻ˵ģϾʵ̫ˣ˷˵֮괥оʹǿɱȡʹ̫ˣ಻һܳܵˡ
ͷԪԪûʲô뷨Щ£ÿζҪʱŻæ󲿷ʱŶ
ӢʿˣϸصǮкܶܶǮֻҪܾңҿԸ򣬲ҪʲôֻҪܰõһȥ
ոջ޶ԵķԪնصԣ
ŰһеЩ⣬ôͻȻӦˡ
ԪѾö˼۸񣺡١
ӢһϷʱԲᣡ
ŻˣκؿʼָһιһҪ죬ÿ칤ҲҪӽ֮
Ҳ̫ˣĵʱҲ
ÿһξ֮Ͷ׬ôǮͺˣԾſ˳ԣʲô÷ˡ
㻹ûнӢżҲõ˵
Ϣƣ״̬㲻Ԫ˵һ䡣
ӢʱΪȰҹ˯ãë࣬ͻȻҵԾԼİ취ֻһ翲֪ٵϣҲҷǿž붢˺ˣԷһ˵ϢƤһ˯˹ȥ
ûжٷԪ㣬ߣӰʦǰš
Ǻ֪ôչԼͶ䶼ɢԼڷԪȫǿɰ
۾ûգһ£żߣͿƲסЦ
ЩЦҲӰʦûкͣƿЧȻȫ
ٶȿ죬ȫҲѾ߰˵ˣ綩λһȥԷ
ͲԼǮȻȻӦʡ
Ӣû˯죬һչҪһȥȫӱԵֻзԪŲŰһͿʼϰҲȫˣëʱ򻹱һڣޡ
СûĵģôҲóԺúȵ㼸£ôңȻűߣǾȥɣˡ
˵ľȻǾϲģ컹ðĴߡ
Ԫϰȴߣ컹㡣
ϰߺߵصҪˣˣﻹʳߣҶһԺҲˣ˵Űɿˡ
֮ӢתͷȥץӿıӰһᡣ
ôܸоϰԼĺ͹ػÿæúչԼֻϾģֻϽ࣬ʱĶ顣
˶ʹѵ֮ʱѾʮһˣҹֵûʲô
ܾҪǵźͷԪߵƧ˵ĵطԭΡ
ڶӢĿɿڴĿУԪצź󾱷
߰ɣ򡣡
ҪȥģҿԼɣ


47 
ҹʱ, ֻץһֱڳϿա
Ӣû뵽˾ȻҡһֻͻȻԭħִڣǰֻǾ˸ĸо, Ȼײˣþ
ȼЩĪĺ¡֪˻ôԼ֪Լˣ϶ܱࡣ
źͷԪһȦȦ, ʵѰҶӢʵ塣
廹ûӦñҽԺ˽ССҽԺתһҲûҵ
ζ, ӦסĶͣһų鶯ű˵
ԪͷζܵˣӢӦñһʱˡ
Ѿ˰ɣŷɸһЩ, ĿϸһζȻ, Ӧû뿪
ӢԼҲȷ, ҲȱǮڼҪжвҵ, ᵽܡ¹СطҽԺҲк, Ὣֵطơ
ô죿뿪ﻹҵõôӢʽʵ
Ŵ˸Ƿģ㻹, ζʲôס, Ų, ˸˷һַ¶л, л϶·ζû·Ҳ, 㻹ôȥǲʲôҪ
ӢŬ˼һ᣺ƺûи˭𣬸˵ĹϵҲ
żǿңжУСӪҵΧӪҵҲչʮ֡ӢСʳԸ񵥴Ǯܴ󷽣ԩͷҲûʲô˽𣬱ϾǮ¾Ͳ¡˵˭뺦Ҳ˵
ԪСΧһ¡
Ӣһһ㣬˶ܸɣԺ˾ҲĲֹ˾£Ǿϵ˲̫ˣĸĹϵһ㣬ܹġ
ǼˣǼҹϵǳãҲܳңҪʲôʲôӢ̲סԼԴϵëˣųͺһƬͷʶͶԪԴϡ
ԪڶⶼǺڼģԴëϴαĵôһ飬Ҳûгһɫͦۡ
ÿοһ顣
ãû̫ܵӰ졣
ִ˸ǷڶѾҹˣʵЩɲˣ䵽Ԫģģصһᣬʲôչҡ
Ԫͷһ£˯ڡ
һ߱һץļתȦһͻȻٴͣ
ҵˡ䵽һݶϡ
Ӣʿ·ɫ΢䣺СʱסϷӣûˣķ˺ܶꡣ
żҾ¹УСʱȫҶסⴱУλ˱֮Ӣĸڱˣ˵ǷˮˣҪУȻߣȴһֱû
ô
Ӣʱĺʱû̫ԲԼʵѾԺüˣ뾡˰취еĺҽԺҽԺҲȥˣʵʵر˸ֲˣƻѾ޴󣬼ⲻܶҲûչֻ뻤ҽԺ
Ӣĸ׻СӣҽԺ㻤£Լ۵ˡ˽λˣ˵Ƕ˻꣬в취ǽϷ壬껹лصĻᡣ
˵ú֪٣ʵûбİ취ˣͽϷӸĳ令ҰˣڣרŸչ塣
ⴱ񈐾סĵط̫ԶܴÿһҶеԺ͵·ƫƧ̣ҹʱƹⶼ
һȦǻ˲֪ˣִָ˴Ҷӣܿǰյơ
Ԫʲô󷨣ǾЩλͦⷽӦŻо㣬˳ѣʡ
Щʲôʱֵģ
ӢʵǵˣҲܶûˣСʱƺ֡
ûסΪʲôҪЩ⣬οûΧһȦĵطֱҪһ㡣
ԪһݶͿΧţƮƮһԴԴشܴȻ뿪￴ȥʲôˡ
Ԫݶɵ֦ϣķһԣһվһˮʱµĻʼζ粢ʣ಻Ҷӻ䡣
ӢʿԪʲôֻоһצµ쳣ҡ
ôôˣʡ
Ԫ쳣ؿ˺ѳһӵĿû¡
ƽҲᷢ£ڻĻǿǮķϣҹﲻܷʲôǶԪĴ󵨵һ洰ӣط̶죬ںҹдԶ
Ӣҿöûһ˳鿴·ûһ
ؿ￿ĴһˣͦӢͦһֺܻӭĳ࣬ʱɫ԰΢΢ݣֽŽӲطڱϣ֪˯˶áֻԱߵȵʾ˻š
ӢһԼط˽ȥ˵ϣ쳤ԴȥԼҪԼ꣬ϧôŬɱг
ԼϱQһᣬӢ֪УȵؿԪ֪ܳţѹң͸Ǯ
֪˷Ԫľ
ԪתһȦӰܼ򵥣һŴǸʲôûС
ƿӿۣӢʵϹûд·ֽű԰ּӲһ
ۼ滹ҪأۼԪʱʲôûϸ۲ܷʵܾȣȫӿӢУΪԭɢѭϢ
Ǹʲô󷨣Ԫ֪ڽӢŪ᲻ɸ˺ˣȫˮƯˡ
Ȼ򲻺׬
Ԫű˲䣬ҲûϵɣȫٵˣЩҲûá
öӢڴϵţɹЩлڱӴ֮󣬲Ҷȫ⣬Ǳһսһȫûκ
һԭŵѸٿʼɢȥûСʱɢòˡ
صӢʻʵԼߣѵóԼַŻ˱ѣԴԼߣ˵С
Ҳ֪ǲԼȡůΪЧͻȻоԼġʼˣǰΪԼˡ
ˣԪӢĹȥôҿԻҵô
ԪԾתֽ̧ǽϹŵһ۵ĹӸժӳȥֽڴͷĵӣڴµĽŵȫ˳ȥ
ȵԭյӸӿյ֮ڵ˵ͷ
һ°ɡ
Ӣʹվãڴس۾ɴ񡣡
Ԫŷڱһس˳Դϡ
һӣӺ󣬱۵ɻ۾Ԫ
ԪޱظӣĿʼˣסʹг
˵һ˿ϸС䵽ϣ˿ɵĵһСȥиصĵطõϵֻһ㶼㹻ʹ衣
Ӣʵûס͵ؼһͺܼһֱӽ˯Ÿˡ
ԪסŵĶ䣬Ժ
óŻλԴ۾ǰܿ쿴ڴϵˣ΢һЩҵˣ
šԪƵؿһۣӢʺµǸԲʵ̫ˣûסҿԵģһס
һȻۣȴܵ걻ĸо˵ȫܻصԼˡ
ڽչһˣŪô⵹ͦ鷳ģ᲻᣿Ȼǿ
ã˯ҿԡԪ˵ţὫǰ˸˯øá
ȷʵһٴ˯˹ȥ
÷ϾɺԪٴѹסģвĲٽУֱӽסˡ
Ӣ࣬צץסһǡ
걻˺ĸоʵ̫ʹˣ˺УйʹУӢֻԼǱӽ˻ַգϲл𣬻ǧڲͣʹȥȴô޷ʶʼնޱѡ
ܵصڴʹ鴤ʹʱԭûκζҲʼʾԽԽ죬Ҫߵˣ˾
ĿԲܣǹܲܣˣҲûҪٴˡ
סľӲԶԪһæҵĽŲܽ˶þҪϵ
Ѿһٸһʱܽȫֿʱһ֣ܻᷴȥϵøӽܡ
Ԫһ̧ųŵķһ£ӺߵűߣתŰҪŰ˿һԱȥԿףһ뿪һվû
Ԫٹ棬רǰꡣ
ҲҺڸŻڵӰƽ࣬Ǵǰ˵ӴճֶӢʾҪܲˡ
滤ѾԿ˹ɲԿ׿ȴ򲻿Űѻתһһ
˶һ۾˳ǲ͵͵ȥˣһۣȥֻԾɴ򶶣֪ҪҪȥ
ôҲ£ˣҲΡ
ǰ濴дӡ
סͺµòˣкֹܶԣǰ˺üڸɪɪ߶µƵ⣬ӱߡ
ĵ·϶·ƣǾ̫Զˣѹ޷·ƵĹӵΣܿӳĵصӡ
˲˵ŶԷϵĶתϢڵӡ
Խ˾Խ£ܾôڴȴǿ
û˵йرŹֵ죬ʲô˵챻ס󷢳ʣǷǳʹ֣˵ڽʲôɱ
zŵû궼ҪˣԼܵǣҲûҽȥǮҪҲûҪ
ԪѾеһע߶ȼУҲ۵ùǺĥʹһקק˳ոջҶ˲ڴϡ
ӢֻûһᣬϵʹͻȻƮƮҪܣķ
ôֱԪһͨڣ˵ӦõҪɢˣɹŹֵһɳǰѾȫɢѸ۵ϣ˲佫˿ڶ޸ˡ
лл񣡡ӢʳԪһҵ飬ϽԼȥ
µ˲䣬ȫصԼԱһֱҲͬʱָ
Ԫûò԰ݵͻ۾컨ãգһᣬɻ󿴿ֿԼ֣·ԼڵĴЩ֪ӡ
ԪܾЩõԤУ˾Ȼȴʧ䲻ǵ˰ɣ
Ҫ
һݣֱؿϣź۾·ࡣ
ӢʱͻȻԼϵһͲûгˣ;ͱĳ˸ʵҲ֪ǲǴ񻹳ûһ͡
Ӣ
Ǯ򡣡Ԫض˵ˣҾٰץúû䡣
˵õһֶ٣ȫŵķǮ
Сˣ
ӢظоһʹԴɨԱߵģ˲һĻĻԺƮ
ϾãҲҪʱ䣬һ̼ˡ
𣬴ˣԲ٣ץҳΧԼֻȻﲻʲôֻڡ
㿴ܻܲ죬ֻߣпҲڣû취ת˰
Ԫ˵ʾԼ
Ǹֻһ£Ҹ˴绰֪˿϶ҽӳȥҾõֻˡӢ˵һ£Сصֻİɣ
Ԫʹؽֻ˹ȥԼͽԸ̨һһε绰һ١
ɣƫƫӢʻֻܴӦãһپһ١
ӵ绰ĸ׶ʱסˣҪҲҹ߸ϡ
ڶӢʴ绰ʱ򣬷Ԫվϻеһ˵һΡ
١
١
İ١
·Ǹûиı
ӢʽֻݻʱԪصܹİ٣ллݹˡ
Ӣʲ֪ʲôźã죺İɣҲˣοôҲҲǡǸ񰡣ܲܣȥ㣬վڶϣҿˡ
ԪŲŲź˵ߣŵơ
ֻȻסȴҲ㣬ȻɢˡԺǵñ
ӢʽסḧһҲһ˿࣬ˣľԼһС
һúñġ
Ԫѣˡ
Ӣգۣ֪뵽ʲô¶Ц
ȻѾȹˣԪҲϵŷֽĴӶӢֱûϰ
֮ǰһΣסİٿǮԼ׼ãһա
Ӣʱ˸OKƣƣؿ˴ϣкܶҪԡ
Ǳ߷Ԫص԰ҲЩƣĲۣǳá
ܰĻˡ
ҲףԪ̾


48 
ܵ˺ȶӢʴ, ʱûѣصԱߵ֦ϡ
ʱĵëȫ˸ɿңëëһ΢΢˪, ۵, ֮ĺۼ
һΪԼֻ, һ
ǰĶӣȵ, ȻһϢû, ȻҲûϰˡӱӹ, ܻĻȥ
ıӢʸ, ûгԺúȺãԼë, ˴, ʱпܳŲס
Ÿһ˿ȥһ, ͷڷԪѲ, ķԪһĪ
û, Ѿ׼һ˹ȥ, һϸϸССëŽëι
ë˵, ĵĺܿƽ, ״̬Ҳ˲١
, ˵ø
һʮ嵽ʮ֮, һֻʮ, һֻ, Ӧܻܾ
Ԫëĵ, Գһ۷ŭһëʮ˸
ûشһ£޶һë˳Լﵱʳ
ιģҪô
ԪɫϵصôܣҾǿЦ
Ϊϵе⡣
ԪչȥԴʹ˲䣬һ㶼ſקصϺۡ
ƵزͣŵԴͱֱС౲ģȴóûˤ
ʵᣬһֱŶƤǻֲ̫
ھŻжʮһˣɽȸķֳڣӦòҪ˲ǣ˷һЩ޶͵Ķһ㶼ԣҲһߡ
űҲͷԼĶӺʣҪòŻ
Ԫ룬̫ȷصܰ꣬һ꣬Ҳܸðɡ
һ𾪵صһꣿ˵ҪôԴȿ˯һ֮ã
ɽȸǷˣ᲻磬һ¾ˣ
ԪãȻգۣҲ֪
ָĸɵ۰죬󶼽߷ϡ
óԼĵƺ΢΢£ȺСȻҪһʱ䡣
Ԫοô࣬˵ͻȻˣǮˣҲõĳԺˡ
һ뵽̸˷Ǯõˣ
Ԫҭһ£˵̫ˣû˳㽫Ӣڵ˵һ£ʾһȥҪ
Ҳû̫ʧϾ콵֮ƣ֮ǰҲûС
˶Ŷ˵һỰ߶߶һѣҪּĸ棬治档
ԪͷһμôȰӸϽġ
˵Ҳɣ˵֮ԭֻ΢ĶһĵڻӦһ㡣
ԼĶӵ̧ͷҸ˵϶Ҫһ꣬಻ᳬͳˡ
ԪȻᷴ˾ͺá
û˯ãųԱ֮УԪûʵ̫ˣǰǻһ붼סתƣȴΪ̱
űڻĳ˹԰
ıץ˹ΪëԵʣ״̬˲٣ץڿҲ£ͷԼëʵʵŲӴš
ϻƹ˾˼ͨӰ࣬ʱŸڳ緹
Ԫֱͻϰ
ļˣЩãȻؿһᣬܿɵվá
˺ã˺áĲϰ
ϰ컹ŲһˣһʾöʱͲˣë˺þá
Է˳Էķ࣬ΪҲˣǵëûãе
ϰһľʲôϽʳװãȥʼͷԶɵĲˡ
ллչˡ
л
ŻڷԪ˯ţԪֱ۵û˿ֻһиûûжʡ
ͻĺûбˣԪ̫ԼߵƧֱԭη˳ȥ
ӢѾסıˣҹͱ˽ȥҽԺҽԺ˸飬˯̫ܺãֻҪûκˡ
ڴһϸˣĸףһһڸι
ϸһιһĨᣬӢʲʱ䣬濴൱г
ӢʵĸҲ˹һΧܵʶǲǵԼΪʲôͻȻ赹
Ӣʲôˣû˵ҡͷǵˣôլ
ЩֹģǶĸϲصƱҽԺҲûãǲײаˣǴ绨˴Ǯȥ˵ֻҪ͵լӾͺܿѹƣһˣһ¶ûСʦ̫бˣҸúúøлӢ°ĺá
ӢЦ£裬ܵͺá
úܳȣҲм֮
Ӣתһ£̫мŵֻǵõʱԪ˵屻լ޷ȥֻܸںϡأ˺б£ǼİûҪЩ¡
ɻͷһתۿվڴϵ
ӢʸϽƿĸιķʼҪԼֻˣ裬ҵֻأҪѱƽôã֪淢ʲô£Ҳ̫ˣֻҰɡҽ˵ֻҪͺˡ
ĸֲʾ͸ֻ
Ӣϲ䣬Լʣǵֻ˭ģ㷿ʱһ˶û˵ڡ
ֻ֪žܲ鵽ˣӢһȥˣҲֻʡ
Ӣת۾ǹ·ҲʶԼһյĺܺ£ȣ˸պþ˲ˣֻҴ绰ҿڻ
ڸڷ
лôûӢʹŵòûȷʵװ֪
Ӣüͷšͷû˵ʲô
ĸʾҲҪúлл·ĺˣ߶ŻΡ
Ԫ濴һᣬͦ
ӢʹȻûʳԣõֻ֮͵һʱȥԪ绰ֻȻǴĸģʾҪллԼľˡ
񣬼Ӹ΢Űɴ񡣡
Ԫͨ΢룬һͼӢʰȰȰһѡ
˻Ҹתˡ
Ԫܾû˺ţûпԼ취ҡ
ӢʺܿпҰѿ㣬ֱȡǮҵĿͲҼߵĵڶɫƤźɫĿƬպXXXXXXʣİֱת㡣ҷӵĵַXX·XXXţܲ˳ٰҴͷϵϷһұߵһҪĳĳϷĳĳϷ
ԪİٵտǸԼȵҪ󣬵Ϊֲܲȥ
һǧ֮󿪿ڵ
Ӣ£ʲôһǧ
һһǧ
Ӣͷе󣬲ǣô˻ȱǮô
ˬתһǧȥˡ
Ԫ˵ĵصܿҵ˵طûйܱģȰпõ֮ߣ֮Ŵһ鶪˶Ӣʴϡ뿪ǰûгʮӡ
Ӣ˷ܵرϷ̾ѣ̫ˣһǧֵˡܹӶôҳ׺֮ǰ㵱ҵıڣܻɻ뺦ҡ
Ԫţܹϵؾܾ
ҪչŶ׬ǮʱȱǮˣοëָһ޶ͺ
ûʱ䡣
ʮвУ㻨ǮˣʣĲˣȻˣͺװɡ
ԪҡҡͷУҲܴ⣬ΣԺңһ֡⿴ķϸһܡĴ磬㲻ֵܡ
Ӣһ£ŷԪʧڲڡ
ԪŻûб£ڿԺúð̥ˡ
ſûע⣬Ԫȴˣŷûӣ˯ʱԽԽˣʱ˯һҹִ֮˯ϣ緹ʱҲ
Ԫܵȴֲ֪ô졣ֻ໳е֢״ȥо໳֢״ϧŶԲ֢߰ĶĳܻȵС˵վ
˵С˵Ǻ죬ȴҲôһԲա
ԪڵΪԭɵģޣ˵һֻͨ˵̫ˣҺǰײԪڵṩӾڡ
ҪľǸӲӪٹĸӪ
Ҫô䣬Լȥƺ̫С
Ԫ﷭ֻ浽ûʱͳóȥ֮͵͵˵ĵط磬п䣬Ҳ죬Сʱ
С˵һܶߴ򸺷ֵС˵ҵһ취
һֺˣϵëëɹһ컹еůůģ˸ۿ̫׹ȥ
˯ͷˣۡȣվ˻չ˶
ͷԼԾû̫දĶƤճŶ߶
̶̣ǿɣɹɹֲ̫ܳԶҸ˵ʳɺóˡʱǻܸһȥ档
˵ƤͶ˶ڻӦһ㣬̲סԼƤһڡ
ԵʲôԪĵһʱʹ˹ȥʵ
һ£ȥ͸͸Ȼٳԣþûȥˡ
ϴڹ԰ѾȥһܶˣִȽ£԰οͶ޷ͺף˵ɽﻹ˳ѩ
ȶ֮󣬹԰Թ̶õĩŶüˣҲǳ¹µر꣬Ϲ԰
˵Ҫ߰ᣬ԰ϷҪ¥̣Ҫˣ԰ļСӿʼǼۣﶼϷӣû˵ǻвǨĿܣ϶ЦݣŲǨһ죬Щı䶼ǹ԰ġ
԰ˮˣǵķˮҲˡ
ֻ԰һֱ񶨲ʲôˮ߶һֱס԰ĳֻãȻ³˸԰˭֪
ʮûкúÿ԰žͷ԰ֶ˲İ񣬽궬䣬ǨܲסеڶǨ㣬Ϸɣֱҵʵĵط
԰ϰĴڣǵĵҲû̫ӦֻЩͦģÿ궼Ҫôڡ
ŶŲٽ԰ֲҲʼ϶ѻ˺Ҷ̫ºĹӿ¼ŲǸ˵񣬿ξȻĪΧع
˦˦ԴϽѣ첻ʺʵȽϺá
˷磬мҪ£ġ
ŴյԪߣͼֻһֱԼʵӳԷǰžͲߡ
ֵֹģôˣ
ԪЩ̫˼ʱҪ᲻ᱻ
ɫë͸ԥ˺һ˯ʱԽԽˣûоﲻûиоƣ.
Ҳ⣬˵ֻӦ
һ㡣
Ӧǵò䣬ȥǡ
һЩʲôа취
ܵõ䡣
ô䣬µģ˵żԴ˲ȡ
Ԫյֹһ
Ŵëëըˣ͵غ˵ѱԵȥͰ͵ص⣬Ŀô㲻ƭҰɣ
ԪҲ̫ȷΪȥԸ̲Ҫˡ
һ£һء
ңû˵ûСû뵽ԪȻҪ˫ޣһǻ״̬ɶ֪ŵԴޱѣֻҪߵըˡ
һأ˵ô죿
һСĵģҾֹͣԪ֤
Сֹ˵ͣͣô
ͣǿͣΪʱ䶼Щһ붼ûȻһ룬ȴϰٴΡ
ֻ£ҲԳеԪȻص˵ǿ
뵽̿ͬ顣
طŹ԰Χ̫࣬ôСܶžԲУС
űҹɫ͵͵˹԰ѡ˸ƫƧ˵ɽ
ԪԭΣ޴ķԴС౵ëë
һ£ûзβҪô죿
ͲôϴôŪã
һֿ޵ԪԪ˲˼Ͻ͵ǣᣬϴˣ
󣿡Ż仯֮ǻûԼԭαΪһҲò
Žɵͦţ崵һĵСôһŴԭôεĶ͹һС顣
Ԫβ˹
ųǰŵĻëһûסݺһڣĵ˷ԪӲǸϣĵۡ
ԪһϽͷ۲ۣ
óסԼ죺ۡ
ԪЦõؽ̻ػ
ڽţ
ôܽţžܲϡ
ͣˣ
ûס
㳯ģǸط̫Ӳˡ˻ҪͣУͣһ㡣
ҹȻһ꣬꽽͸磬˼ĵطȴһů紺
Űȵڷ˳˯ˣŰõĵζ


49 
ҹ, ʱֲûͣЩ
ʪˮζҶ㡣
˿ˢȵ, ʵ˸Ƿ
Ƿ, ͵شӷԪ³˳, ڿĴų˺üȦ, ֻûˬ, ǻصûл֮ǰһ˶泩
뵽, ʶصͷԼĶƤƺǰûʲô仯
ҲԣƺСһ㡣
ɻգգ, ԴԼĶƤ
˯ķҲ˹, ϰԵסСౣû, һӲԲ塣
Ԫ̯ǸԲ
һŵ
Ȼһŵ
Ԫסˣţ̴ٵغһβȫ, ϵëëҲը
Ҳܿ쿴ŵĶ, ˹ȥ
ֻŵǰɫ, ׺ǵ̻ĺɫ·ȥͬһµƷܴһС, ǳԲ
ְŵضһֽۣ˵ϡ
, ôŲȷ, оﻹеġ
ԪܴӵϸܵһѪ, ȷʵǵĺӡ
صͷǵĺû
ôô죿Ȼչ˹ܶ˳񣬿ֵԼʱȫˣǲҪôңԡ
˵һƨɳȥȻȻŵʵ̫ˣƨѹǲȫֻſڵóס
ڵǷԪſֻͼסС
ʽ̫ԣɷԪѹûע⵽עȫˡ
Լо̫üسԼĴ̣̫ˣûǲΪұʱģô󣬲ȻôôģҲ̫˰ɣ
һһţŤͷȥԼԪʱֹˡ
û£ͺáԪԼƤλã̫ĵ˵̫Сˡ
һ±˺ڼģӲСá
ź˿
ֻôһֻܽԪˡ
û뵽ôŶƤŲŲ˷Ԫϣ췢¡
ΪٰģôǲΪ˫ˣЧҲ̫ˣҪ֪Ӧ˫޵ġ
컹رߣ˲˾Ѿżˣ̶ˣٺ߾ͽˡ˵ر࣬ϧǼ֡
Ҫ´λԣ
ͷһ˲Ժͣ˦˦ˣŵëë졣
Уе㺦ߡ
ԭشһᣬ͵£԰
Ԫĸɤһôˣ
ж̣ûŽŵԼĶӣ滹һ
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һô죿ǣҪҪ˫ˣҪ̫аŶʡ
Ԫգ۾סڵʵǸһµĻֻҪһʵĻͿһԼʱˡ
ź棺ôŪ
Ԫԥرط˰εԼһëֺֿݣŶûüֹüë
εëԳֻҪΪЩëҲΪһ֣ΪĳЩ޷˵С˼ȫΪǷˡ
ָΪëҲָ¶ȣЩë¶ĸܱòˡ
ԪëݳһССѣ֣µؽŽȥ˸ë¡
ż״̾û뵽㻹ͦġ
һͿ޲ˣΪԪѾչȫΧ˻
ֳһһҹƺûֹͣʱ򣬱ëػŵĵûбʪĺۼֻëƮƮûиĸЩɻ󣬵úᶯһ£û뵽ײԼǸëܵ˾ţ˲䰲
ٴһ磬ӴתС꣬Ѿʪ͸ˣˮҶڵγһСˮ̶ΧľҶȫεδˮǳʪˮ
ȫģˮڴʱ˲仯ɵָ˼
ûģһʱȥԼΧʧǣʲôûûеڶŵ֣
ͦƤͷԼڶûг
ôûгɻ󲻽⡣
Ԫһֱû˯˯ź½ŻԼߣëֻȨ֮ƣлỹԼԺӱȽϺá
Ϊû˯֪ڶŵûгЩǵš
ûµģԼԸϴˣ϶СһᡣǵĺӶͨ£ġ
ǺðɣҾΪ
̫õġ
ŵͷյԪ߿̣ƨɽԪһ㣬ҲҪһ
ûмЩǸĸͬʱȥģԪû˵ʲôЦŲƤ¶һ˹һһСֻһ
Ƭ˵ɭһֱͣ졣
ÿڴһ¶̵ĵϧ϶ǴˣʼղԸ¶档
ɭֵƵ͵ĵطѾˣһСӱСˮ̶ڵĶﱻ˳ɭֿȥ塣
ˮȥĺܿ죬ûбɺԡ
ͷһγôãеԼڹ԰ˣһ컹ûŷԪɡ
Ԫԭŵλû˵ŷһЩĵطʱŵֹȥֹκ⡣ְŵĵ
⼸Ҳһֱ˫ޣǰ죬֮ÿͿһоչ˳£̽һ·ƶԲԣ費Ҫʲôһοѧ
ϧĶñİ취񲢲á
13ƿǣϴ󻹲ҪˣΪĽצһ飬졣
ϴǰɽȸʱģʱӦҲࡣ
֣ĺӾԲͨ񣬻쿪ǿ
Ȼû˵֪ϴû϶϶Ԫϴš
ŶԴЩģû̫࣬ԼֻͨɽȸܴΪɽ񻹻ڣĺӿ϶Ҳ̫ο⺢ӻзѪѾȱ̫ˡ
ԪҲĬĬһʱ䣬һ۵ķУƿǺҪιʲô
Ҳסˡ
һԳӣǿǵĳһϲԳأ
ȱƿ˵
ת˸ȦǻȥطʺϳסǵҲøһ£̫ˣҪůСѣҵ֩˿ϴˣҲû֩뾫ҪѸסһ
Ԫûʲôֱ˯֦С
ĸΪ˺ӸϽ˹԰
ǰڵɭ־¹вǱһ꣬¹ֻѣʱ䶼Ƕƣżܼ̫
ʧõϴֳˣ԰Ƕ൱ģ̨ȵֱӷ˹ҪѾΪĸ׵ŵһӦǿǧ˵Լˡ
!ȵûֹҪʺҲԭ
ϴ󣿡һֻϲȵɻؿҲѹõ͵͵ġ
Ԫ֣µطм䣬ȻȥǱˣŲ˿Ǹ
ںˣǸǵĵûƿǣ³ʲô⡣
Ϣ˲ù԰ը˹
ϴͶϴȻеˣ
ϴʱʧȥˣϴʲôʱ򻳵ĵǣѾˣ¶ȵ˸λ䵽У˼ǿ࣬񶼲ֳˣȸôҲˣϴȻϴ󣬾ǿ
ٿʵķԪŵ͸;ˡ
ϴôҪԹϴ
ǣϴʲôʱ򻳵ĵô֪
Ǹе൱ãУȻźͷԪסһһϴһϴ󣬵ûнһżڿǿŵ֪ǴǶҪɵǷԪġ
ϲϴ󣡡
̰Ҫȥ׽ʳ
ϴȥôǲȥˣҪôʲôʱ򣿡
С̱ˣ˵ȥù
Ҳ
üֻԼɣŲ֪ʲôһͼЩָСʲôżЩ˲֪ë
ϴèëëһռģˣȫ㣬ųˡǰͷ̣ȻһСèëèһҲһջûС
ۼŶҪˣûһڻؾһЩ
ȴıһͦصչʾԼĻ
ҪѸһ£ҪٲϣȻЩͨڽȥҲûʲôãⶼСܵһⲻ˷ѡ
һЩǿõĶеС˷ܵϿתȦĻҫ
̲סЦ
ллҡ
ϴҪʲô˵
Χһǲɢû뵽ɢ֮󣬾ַһֻֻʲôֻ졣
԰ͦ䣬ԳһȦϴȴʲôҲ׽˸ʱһΣ֮Ҳûн
Ųֻ֪ʲôɻȥ
߰վһ֦ϣŵسһ²ӣԴ쵽Լ䣬һ󣬾ͼҧһŶųŶµǰצסԭһëë
Ҫ֪ͨ׶ľͷǳۿһŲᣬӦòһֻռġ
ֻˣ͸̡
ҲǵĽˡ
ЩжЩ쿴Ÿ䣬ʵͦġ
û궫תˡ
Ŵһ￪ʼָѣõһһ˸õּ˷ԪëݺԼʹģ޶ʮë
ëûзԪůǼӽóܵĸϢӦûһЩ
ԪԼëһﻹУԼͺûϵ౻ɵɰ
ҡҡͷûͣвڽǴͳɽȸѣСƿֿС
ǰճģѲ󣬸պùһŵ
ҪǶ̲֪ʲôʱҲ֪󾿾жھö̱ԼпܣȻôĵôóͲȥ˼ˡ
ѺܿãСѷ˷Ԫߡ
Žԡ
ǻҰɫģůеԣһЯ
ԪŽȥԣСոպúʡ
£ëŪӶסСѹԼϣžҼ
ۣŻͦ´γžеطˡͦͦáŴ˷Ԫһص˵ͷ
ŪС֮ûҲϣͽ԰Ĳճǰ˺һѡ
ѿе󣬲պá
Ϊ˷ģﶼûȥﶢŵơ
ʱ̶ţ֪ŵʵʶԼģԸֵƤǳһ˶һָֻҪ˶ţʼ̽磬ڷԪƤµʱ͵ëװС֮͸ӻˣܰѸŪ
ȻܶŶò˼飬ŷԪ˫۾̫ԣһ춼Լαװʯͷûһ¡
ֻܸпܸɴµˡ
ڼΪĵĵڶ·ѾˣƬٴαתܶʱ־ýҲ緽ʽҵҪɷš
ЩɷȻǮģǴǰſ϶֮ϧȱǮҪӣһɾܾ
źȴҲ⣬Ҳ֪־ڴˡ
ӢҲҹηԪ֮ԻֱŪլȫǴڱԭǳҲף粢ǼӣǱģ֪Լ磬ܴһֱԼӵеһʱʧ˾ֻҪӢʲˣԼģӵеĶҲʧϾҪиڣ˼öӢأ취вͨа·ӡ
ӢʾĪɻһ׽㣬ûԼҲн㣬ѵһϲĻв˵ɣҲ̫߿ˡ
Щ˵ԼεԼֱˣŵúöû˯ΪԼҪȥˣ˼ͻȻܵ˵ԼҪȥ׷ϰҲ֪ڷʲô衣
ӢʿҲˣŷԪ΢һ߶߶һѣ99 Ϣ¼ͷƤ飬Ԫ㿪ȤûУֱӽˡ
ô࣬ӦòʲôΣˣԪֻרעضĵ
һһ죬ÿצӣ
ְڴضڴƿǡ
һȾʹϵȵϣִϵȵ˰죬һɽ
Ŵʯ״̬ѹ̴˳һ˿Ѻ۶ûС
˵ƿˣû֡
Ӧǽƿǵİôûأ̣˵ôô
ԪϽֹѴ̴ԼƤ£̻ᶳ
ʵ㲻ôСҲû£һֱµģԪǰĳһ൱Сůֱһ
û൱ʧ䣬ŷԪһν˻ý̫ٸ߶̫һ£浰һֻССӰӡ
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·ǲߣСᶯԴԼĸס
ŵ˲ͻˣڵ
˾
С˲佫ԼԴת˹ȥ


50 
ԪֵʱѾŵ1߶á
ôԴתȥ, а취ĵֱӽԴһ
Ƣͦ, ҲǱŪˡ
ԪϽѵצȳ, Ϊ̱⡣һ, СʱҲڵƿǡ
סС˵һҲѧٳô죿
ԪôҲǲԣö, ŵӺ޲һϳ˵Ļһ
콫ŵѹãװŬ, һԾɺشյŶСʣΪʲôôż
ΪֻҪû⻹Իܶܶ꣬ʮƿҲܵȵõƺǳżӡ
ŲԼĶƤ, 㳤󡣡
ҪʲôԪʡ
ú, ȻǷ, ǲܻһ, 㿴㸸ĸôҲߣ鶼ҪԼ㳤ܱԼˡ
ԪЩ𶯣ƽտǵģʱ뷨ر棬ûžȻ뵽ôԶĽȥ
ԼʱĿ̫, ̻ûƿʱԼӵĽ, Լһ, ҪԺܶųɳ
Ԫе, §ϸë, һŻڲܵ˺, 㲻ô࣬ԼԸɡ
Сֹ˭˵׼
ֹװǳͬسͷԺ󲻴ˣȥɡڻи⡣
ţ
̶Ҫȡ֣ʲôã㿴̰죬ҪͽСɣôôǲǺܺ
Ԫ
ƺоһֱĴڷ顣
̫̫ͨˣСôģ
űʵ£Щ벻̫ˣûģֻСȸǻСȸ̫ˣƺһͷ·ҲߣͿҪˣÿμҶţ˵ԲԲ˼Ǹ֮ǰ˵ҪףϣؼңʲôûУҿո˽ס֣һͦϲյģɭֵ˼ҾͽţǲͦģɭԲ
Ԫͷȷʵ塣
أʡ
ԪЦ£ԼԼȡġ
ǻûƿǣ˶˵Լѡ֡
Ծ̾ؿһᣬ·˶˲õһ㡣

ԪҲûֻǵС̫ͨˣ̵Ķ֮
ſͷԣ̿϶ģ˵ʲôãȻдڴףƺҲͨ
óȡĺܲˡ
ԪһҪգҲ֣סȡʱԼһۿʱΣǻ컹ûô䣬̫ůҲŵë»ᷢһô䶼ǰװ׵һСš
ʹͷ
ƺҲͦ⣬ûٿڡ
жأԳһڣ
Ԫֱ˵һüһȡǲˣΪӽˡɡ
Ҳа׶˼һֵܡ
žҲͦģȻϲССΪϿڣҲǰرϲкӹʣŻԼͦĻ
ӵֶŵ̬ҲͻȻ
֪ʱѾʮ£Ѿһˣʼû˿ҪƿǵļǴԪѧϰˡ
ҲûҪĸ׶˼
ڴ̳Ѿǰһ˯СһЩ
žĲԼǴ̣ɴ̲ûԶǳģÿ췹ʹһʳ̴óԼǰԼԶԵر㡣ϧȫ޶ԡ
Ÿеޱȴܡ
붬һѩ԰Ⱦ˰ɫ
԰Ϊ⼸ϵ൱ȶѩҲвο԰Ȼ󲿷ֶѩģֵϵѩͱ˲̤ɾˣҲֻй԰ľ۱
춼ûȫװض׵ڹ԰ʼգĸλˣһæPͼƵдӪһ
˲پ̬պͲٿ԰˻Ͽո㺽ġ
ĵߵʱ˻ת˼Ȧ
˻Щһ㶼̫࣬ŵ
ŶĿһʱ̧ͷȥѾ֪ڸʲôˣһ߿ͷÿμ̲ס˵һʵ̫ˣַҲĳ
ôûƿǣע⣬ÿ˻Ҫš
۳ŻԶ֮Ų˿ҪҪңѻĵطȥʵ԰ʺˣֻиˣ᲻Сû뿪
˼䣬һϤӰ񈐡
ỹ
СѩѩϾͻˣ󲿷˶ûдɡ
񈐴һɫ£ϵɫΧֻ㣬Ӹĺã׿üۼЦͬһˮܽ˲ȴյĺ䣬СﾭʱҪͷۡ
һŸӣһַֻڿڴֻΪǶһ˳֣ʵŵǸﻹһˣ
ҲһˣҲ̫ܻ⣬οѩ졣
ߵڵͣ½Ųͷȥ
ע⵽˷ԪһںɵǸ֦ϣ߼ƽ
ҴЩ֪ϲϲ򿪣Ǽӣܿ²ȫǳʳһЩСߺһЩůС̺ӣΪչǵͣȫƵġ
Ǵ֪ŻеϢƬ̺ŷÿﶼһ
žЩĪ
һģϲϲùӡ˵˫̥һһ
Ҳûȫˡ
֮񈐾ʱʱشЩʳ͹
⣬ڱ̶СС͵ޣÿζǳġ
ллɴʳͷ
ÿζ׼ʳһݸһݸԪ
ԴӴ̳󣬷Ԫƨɲѣûҹţû˯һΣҹҲţ»ʲô⡣
Զ٣֪ϲˮ񈐸ԪĺȫǸָˮÿһģܹھԲڲ
Ŷĺ߲ܣǷԪЩⲻȥһë
Ҳ֪񈐴ҵĳӣķرθڣÿζܳԵþ⡣
áش˸ãԼĶӴӴɳ
ллرóԣļģ´Լȥԡ²ˣһóԡ
ЦЦ˽⿪ţϲ´ζ㡣
ǿϧˡ
̻ûƿôʵڵ֪һ
ſյصͷûȥˣ϶Ҳϳ
¹ȥĶûмԾ΢΢͹ģֻǳǿҲǳãQɱQQ϶ǲϳ
ż˵ܿͶˡЦ
ϣɡ
ףŴŸԪʳСʳѡ
ѩһЩԭͰããҶƬ϶ѻ˺һɫ񾭹ʱѩȥһͷһ
¶ȺܸߣȻûѩڣԱߵ֦ѾҶѾһ㡣
ڲˣų֦ϲѩѩһƬƬצӡ
ÿĵʱͻȻһϸ΢
Ҳ֪Ϊʲôڹ԰ο˵£ʳҲӵؽţ԰Զĸһǳ֣ȴƫƫע⵽
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ԪһŲƨɵͷȥ
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ͣ׼̴ͣ
ԪϿʲô쳣ȴûŵ٣βᶼûסҪˡ
ƿǵĹ̿źܳʵûеӵǾʹڲʼ߽ѣһֻССĳӵ̽ͷ档
һο磬ЩҪгҲгˣСҲ
ڵʱȽϾã׵״̬һҪ࣬ӿڵϹȦ˶ʪĳ򣬸ճվ̫ȣһ£˼ȥӣֻûȥ׾Ѿվֱ壬վķǳȡ
ϵˮݺܿɵϸϸëĸŷ֣׵ëɫŲ̫һĵɫǺڰ׶ɫֻһĺɫë°һֱӵؿڣغë״Ҳһ㣬쳣ĿĺɫԵһɫصúһһСС˼˿С
ëɫ׵۾ҲǴɫģϸܿЩ죬Ԫ۾һ
ѩ£ôһͶ޷ˣɳ֮׾ͺڵΧתƺˣһʳųĿǣܿԵһС顣ЩˣϸϸһſֱڿǱ˯ȥˡ
ŶССĶСؽ˻
̣Ѫ̣оҲ̫ˡ
װؿ°Ͳӡ
Ÿһ̰֣Դϲֲ䣬ֱָˣǷԪ̽˳
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ŸоԼĶҪˡ
ʵ׵ĵһɽȸ࣬ƿǳҲһɽȸһȦۿƿǣ󲿷˶ỳǲǿ쵽еˡ
ܴ̳ҲŴࡣôĳβɽȸûгֹëɫɽȸҲû֪𾪡
ƿǺżûʲôȥһŵȫȫͶ뵽ϡ
֪׳ʲô׼һʳʲôҶӣԵĶȫһף׼ˮʳһЩǴèġ
ѩèÿΣСĵѩëմˮˣСˤϳˣ͸Ͻضܿơ
ľҵΪõйԱĸ߶԰רò񲿸èһֹʣʳͷɡ
èè̫һϲèֻϲʳõʣˣµۣèĹʾͶˣרԡ
ż̾һ䣬èӮҡ
ŷ㣬嵽è⣬è˵˺һ
ûȫҪֻһǡ
ȻԤ׿ܻʳι׵Դת˹ȥϳԣӳһںιڶҲܾˣèèǳԵ൱ģŵôģ̵һ⡣
èҲһЩ൱
ڶθ֣ԪңҺǮˣõ֧⡣
Ẓ̇ȥ򷹣ƿǺҲҪˣԪԼë棬װ׵СѿԱߣԼȥŪ
׵ʳûֱ򵽣ҪʳԼͰιèһҪ
űΪҪ֪֪ôĸˣÿҵĳ
񈐴һӱʾ׵ʳﶼˣԪֻҪȥһ¾ͺˡ
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·չͲŵҲˣԪֱӾܾˡ
ʳιʳżְ𣬲
׳úܿ죬һһССŶЩˣתѷǳеԣٴ㶼װ¡
ûڵ׿ѾŲˣƤϵĺɫԽޣŴһ£ǿطǳȣѩоƵģرϲQ
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׺ķǳǿϱһҪȥڹľϲݴ׷ƨɺܡ
ڻ˵ֻ౽Уʲôʣѯʲôʲôͬʱֺܾ裬һ紵ݶŲҪëëԼһ㡣
ŴľһʮӣȷûΣպС¶ͷQ
Աܿ췢԰ֻëɫĳβɽȸ
ܿƵļ˻ٸϹΧۣ˿һֻɽȸ
һֻҲǱβɽȸôƤëǵһμɣǻӰǲӽƷ֣һƺɫ
пܣģǸβûʲô𡣡
ῴֻ񻥶̲סп԰ıβаˣҼǵԭȲһֱһֻɫһͬǲǰˣ㲻ңվֲʲôġ
˶ΪⷢɢԶ۷Ҳ̫Զˣȷʵܺ档
ͻȻһֻβɫô죿ǲҪֵˡ
Բⳡʱ¼һǺϷ
һ߰Ĳߵֻβɽȸߡ
һȺ̲ס
ǿǲǺףߵô죬ǿҪ˰ɣ
ô죬Ҫֹô
ǧ˵ֻβӽ֣ǿƷ񰡣󣡡
Ԥеĸɼܲûзߵֻɽȸߺ󣬰ͷǵԿǣӵɽȸȱ߲˲䣬౽ųıһֻҲܿɵϡ
ֻɽȸںվú󣬺һģֱӴǷɻ
һȺԭĿɿڴ
⣬ϵͦг


51 
Ż֪ǵĹϵʲô, Ŵ̻ѡ
൱ԾԼССȻŸһģһĶۿĸ
ԪͽʳˣȰ׼, ʳﰤǰںá
׼ûԼ, ԼǷʳǰ൱צӰ, ιԼԴ
ȵԪعͷʱ׶Ѿˣֻʣһպԭء
ĳÿ˳Ծ˯ȴԼôϣ͸ƶƻ
Ҫӳץ
ԼӿǵʼҲ˲ʱ䣬ʱʲôҲ, ֻȻ, Чʷǳǳ֮ƫƫ˲ξ취ֲʺǰʮܻһ, û١
Ȼһ, Ҳ˱, ԲԼˡ
ȻڿҲһ֣û˭ԱȽϡ
, ˯, Ҫʼˡ극׾, ȵ۾ֻǲŸձ, Դͱһ½ŵͷƤ޶, ˴档
ౡٵس
޶, ɫصҲûãҪúܻĸñøӵһѪ㲻˷Լ츳֪ôۣҵ̣ԺҪϴģϴǸο㻹Ǵ̣Ҫ֪ܵô
׼ųһãؿ̫˵Щʲô
˵ͿǣϾŸճսӴ磬ʲôʡ
ԪȥˣץŵĳȰ
̻̫Сˣ˵ЩҲ⣬Ÿƿû죬ǳأҲ١
ҡͷͬĿ㲻ô簮ӣ˵֮⻹б򣬳˷˻ڣ̽϶һҪԸȥҲϣһֻû˿һҪõʲôҪۣԽСʼԽȣЩǱģ
Ԫû뵽ŻǸĸǰӻΪֻźӵҵԸ
ʵҲôҲϣԼĺӺ࣬ԼޱƵĴ֮͸ıԼ뷨Ϊʶһ¡
һֵ̥ܣȴǲͬģ̲λʶֻֻͨıβɽȸӵзѪҲϡȫȲķˣûм̳еǿ
ȻûѾ֪ӸԪһǷ̬̳˷˵츳Խעȵܵ࣬鷳ǣڵĵ൱΢ҪгɷǳѣʱȫһûʱƾǿΪ
޵һ֮ǰ̵ܳһûǸʱͻƣܾܿͻԶ˵ʱܱһжܼȣھͿʼŬ
ſʼûЩƿǰǳֹۣɿӵɲǣͲһɼȸС
ȷʵԼΪӣֻվιҲȶҪûҪԼ
Ҳµȶ̳̻Աʲʣ´ֵ̻ܣΪʲôǻ˴Ĳ
кӱǼ˵£²ܿƵģֻܾܱĿܡ
΢ɲ̾˿ʱ̬תһĸס
ĸ׵ĶԺǺʹ㡣
ԪЩģû˵ʲôҲĲ׵һ𶽴⺢
û취ֻðŵҪԹſڵϿʼһŴģһӣССѿһԼԼǿ
ʼǺʹģﲢ˾ʣܡ
̲ס౽ţڵĴϸϸСץء
ĽܲѣԪҲĿȥ
Ҫټܡ
צŵ棬ĵУһһҪһ죬´ξͲôˣҵĺôܲס˵ѣܿͻõġ
˵ת
վûнеβۣԼʼˣǻһζۡ
˸ʹȣܵܽˣʼ췴QƤײһûע۵òˤ
סƬֻ̣ö͵һʹʲôӽű߹䡣
һŻɫŰɫǻƵĵֱֱ߲ëˡ
û뵽̳ôôͻȻźͷԪˡ
ΪҪܳģŶþǰˡ
ڵſƬ̣о˵֣ܵܳͷߵĵ͵طһܸߵĽסŵرĵرŵڵϲĵǣڸܴܵк
̱ţҲζӦ
ĸ׶ʱ̵̫̣ĵԱȴҪСܶ࣬񵰶ҪСһЩЩӡ
̵ĵǷǳԣɫ໭Ʒ
ŶӾˣֱָֻӯǰʱķӦͬʱʧȴеģôõĵͻȻû
е㲻̫Ӧ
ǰŽȥʱҲɱŵ֣ܵܲһһͱһͬŽС
Ŵûһ¶̣Ѫĸо൱̲סЦ¡
Ϊײ֣Ҳû취ˣСõĲзëԱ¶ȣŽȥ͸ڸĸһ
ףúչ˵ܵܡŶ
׽汧˱Ų壬Դƨɳϣֹز֪ܵ˵Щʲô
̯򣺡Ժٱеˡ⻹ûôأܾܵͻˣʲôΪ˸
ͬʱҲ˿һֱ׻ᱻܵܳòƽʵֻҪֵϵܻ˭ʵ˭ʵͣΪǶƴŶԷǱ˴׽ˡ
̫ˡ
ԪȰο˳Ȼɡ
ҲֻˣŬˣԺ󲻱ˣĻôҲбİ취׵ʹܲˣڻܣʱҧ֣һжͲٱڶΡ
˵Ȼȴǵ㵽Ϊֹÿܲ˾ͣ֡
һֱڸߣʱҪǰΪ
ž֣Ҳ̫Ŵ˵㣬ϵǸŶԡоһһġ
ԪЦͦõģ
ͦãôòôζأڵһλĲӦô
һλԶ㡣Ԫ黰ſھ
һľ꣬Ŷһעַȥˡ
ԪЩĵؽ˻һԼ
ҾԽעֵһ㡣
ִ̣ﲻ֪˵ʲôĻûʲôÿģԪëġ

ŵ֮ŵķ𲽻ָ״̬ǰһ׶һܳԱʮϲԶİûǱ
ֵÿ춼һ𣬶ĸˡ
˯ˣŷԪȥþûȥˡ
Ԫ۾һҲûʲôʱųȥ
ûȥǳǰסַͩȥ
ɵ;ͱԭΣԪ֪źϲԼӡ
Ȼ˲ͱԭעɵë
ԪķֳʵһֱûнֻԿסԼʲôֵ£֮ҲûʲôҲΪһ˫˼Σһֱ͡
ںһʱ磬Źˡ
ٱȥ͵ñըˡ
ܻӰˣ뷱ֳʵҲֻͬǶﴧŵܵӰͱʳһֱȫ벻ⷽȥ
Զž˲оԡ
ӷԪë̵ˣԼҲʼ¡
ô£ô̡
ԪһѽƵؿš
˲׹ʲô˼Щ˼ˣѾԪȦסˣ޿ˡ
һֱüСʱ֮ڹ԰̡
ŴӷԪëе⣬Ǹˡ
Ԫ˹ظëõģ
͸Ԫ˵һ񈐹ˣ׵ʳ׸ϤһȥҳԵģϲ
׶ԼʳϲҲͶԵλ˸С߸һССౣΩΩФа˷ƣܵס
׿СرĵһҧС߾ͷɻҪܵܿ
ܻܵ˯Сû׵ǵܵܣ֪Լ̫ܳá
Ȼ³ػѺȴ֣ԭӦĺɫˡ
ֻ񶼴סˣСߵ嵽Сػ¿˺üأûУƽûʲôһţûУܵܲˣ
׽౳֪ôźãḸĸҲߣǵܵܲˡ
ͼܵܣͣౣ·ȥͼѰҵܵܵټ
һֱûôֿȥԷ֮ǰܵܶڵģҲһСṦ򣬵ܵܿ϶Ǹһˣֻܷɣֻ˳֦䡣
׺֦ܿϿʲôĺۼ˳źۼһ·£ɵߵĵϣǿյģûӰӡ
׽תŸտʼһ춼ûתȻû̬ӾҲû˺ֵĵز
Ǿס·߲ҲԶοͲ࣬һС·Ҳ࣬Ӧòᱻοʹߡ
Լ˼ҰСıߡ
ת񈐻û뿪״̬ԣ̲סʵףôˣʲô£
תͷ񈐣˹ȥʼȻ˵ֻܷóȻ
üͷ壬ȫҲ
׼ȥͷ
ֽץ˵
óΧһԲ
ã̽ʵԲΣ˵ԲεĶ
׿ͷ
˵㸸ĸôҿǲڣҪҪҸǴ绰̧ͷۡ
ҡͷҪ౿ˣֽરવµֻǸҲ
񈐿ͻȻ˵ǲǵˣ
֪Żŵ϶ٳûг϶ƺˣŻϲˡֻǲ֪ôڣ
ǵܵܲˣѹô
һңǸողģôһСӦòԶż϶ҵ
׼ˣɵͷתȦʾҡ
񈐳࿴˿·һͨһͨʪأʪصıؾ֮·࣬ûϸҲģǵһСǰʪأ˴ʪ뿪ǰŴ
ֱŲŲŷȥӦߡ
ѧֻպ̵Ƭ̫ãŵģֲֻܿ壬Ҳ֪ˣͨɫ沼Щɫơ
ǰŵʱϺ˿˿Ƶӿһ㳯Χϲȥ
סֻй紵ģ鲻Խ˸¡Ƕ죬û˻ʲô
ܿõɫ˿ߣУιʳ֩һɫĳȣתעЩɫΧת
ǰԽԽԶڣڴĳһʱ򣬺ͻȻ̵һ˲ðˡ
ĿǰΪֹƻľֻźͷԪڶ˵ĺ򫡣
ˡ
ǸűкӺܸߣıˣһֱǴ״̬ﱻƻġ
ҵĿ粽ǰߣҲ˵ܵܣ͵س嵽İϣվڰϳ¿ȥֻȻһźɫĵ
ִûԪСʱһûƿҲǿһֱ취ûдӰ
ȥѵóסܵͼϷɣɵܵС˵е󣬲Ÿհѵûʲôˣֻ
ŸоЩζУʲôԼİһ
ػͷͼס񈐡
ʲô
ָмرɣ˵̫ܲţİһֱûãߵʱҵĵСĵ˽ȥ
кһ򽫰§ǰȻû￴ȥֻһźɫĵֽóŻȺӦǶԷԵİ󵰣뵰ɫ˼ؽ˹ȥ
㣬˼ûע⡣
СؽԼﳯл
һ˵ܵܣ˵ϣóסܵܣ嶼ſȥʧ
ౡ׽ѵܵԺܡ
ӱһ֮ʵʵزҶѵҲֺֻõõȥë
ص£̧ͷȥ̫ϲȥҲûͻȥҲֻܵŻˡ
Ǹĸȥˣʡ
ָʾԼ֪
ֻŴ˸绰Ǳߵ˺һŽͨ˵
Žͨ绰͵شӷԪһŽȥ
ԪӦʱֻܿǻû˵һ仰žͼҴҵس԰ȥ
ԪϽ׷ȥѯʣôˣ
Ŵ𣺡̶ˣ
Ԫ


52 
Ȼȥ龪һ, »Ǹ˲СӰ
Ȼ籾׸ʱ򣬾ֻܽԷ, ͨʲô⡣ֻˣ̲ͨ, Ҳʵʵﲻû뵽ѾõԼˡ
л, ŴԺҲˣȥĶҪһ
ԪҲѣʧҲѸҵ, վʧʹ⡣
񈐵٩ؿһ, 䲻֪ǶȥˣҲܲµһָãкҪչˣȷʵͦȵġ
Ǻæ, Ҫ, ԰Ƿչˡ
ƤٺҲе㲻˼أ͵ſ, ǲǹش˷Ԫϡ
ԪԼ, ǰ, ·Ū
֮, źݺݵ˷ԪһۣѾԹС̡
֪ҪεؽܻܵԼ, , ԼԴԸĸ౽, ǰδеŴ滹˵ֺúԹ
˲ˣ뿪ȷʵǵĴǰʹ˲׵ԴǸԲǲԣ뿪ôá
౵ûҲԣûпõܵܡ
һ˺ܿͺˡ
ֻд˻һŵֱתһڸĵ˼ûС
´λҡ
²ӰҲ׷˸ı䡣
ǰʱÿһΪ̫˼̶ܲ˷Ųٱͻ
ͻȻ׹ҪǿУȻܵܵҲû취Ѱңֻ
źܾؿǰЩĴͻȻŬҲʱ౽ۣÿζţֱʵܲ˲Ŷſ·
ôԭԤһܲһȻǰɹˡ
ֻתɹײſսҲܱסΪã̤˵һ
οѣۡ
̫ˡ
ΪҲͬⵥȥԪķֳھôǿнˡ
ɽȸϰԣֳڼ䳲֮ɽȸÿһŵһ߰˿šڲɽȸķֳڣҲֻǱԪˣҲ֣ͨϾеģԪҲ̫ãûٻµ̡
ԽԽ䣬ѩ֮С죬ʪرԵˮ˲㱡ıûд洢ʳǼæµسʳȺѩϲȳһСצӡ
԰ҲһʼʱͶһЩʳЩʳＸÿֻУ˲ôҲ
Ƕϰ˶ĸͷԱʼʳʱͰͷǸǿչ԰жö٣컨׹ĩһ̹࣬
ͷ̶ԴΪȻ꣬ÿ궬춼ΪԼҪˣ©ʳ࣬ǶҪģҰⲻֻкܶèͰʳȽ϶ĵطǸռˣƫèУʳҲԲţֻԶԶſˮĽжᡣ
Լ£ĻЩĽ˲ˣ̫Σ̫ˣǹ԰á
èɹ̫ͷ˵ԼǰΣ̲ס˸ƣԴͼԼ߶߶
Ҳǽ֪ᷢʳмС֪ͨ
ϴҪʳǿ
ʳǷ·ߵģʳʳֿţǻ
Ϊ깫԰ӪղʳҲǳ󷽣ĺüȻҲﵽ궥壬춼˼
ιʳûʲô緢Ԥ棬һȺʳĳ̲סڴ
Ǿһһοǰ԰ſڵˡ
ʳĶ࣬컹û԰ıǺ͸ֹԱæµĿʳģӺ̻ҲæˣϾ԰Χ̫Ҫ̿ĵط̫ࡣ
ʳﻹûбǾͻվ֦ͷˣм󵨵վڵͷ࣬ϲȥòС
СֺصľڿзţͣתȦȦ
˵컹ǹˡ
궬磬ѩֶ࣬ҵõʳȷʵ࣬ÿ춼ϵвΪһӴܣرףܿƶΪˡ
ЩʳﹻǱһ٣ֻһ٣Ҳܶా죬һж
ڷʳҲûʲôȤֻŻͦͦġſѱԾԾԵҪȥֻûŵܹͬɵû
ǽ弸ѱգʱܵȥ
Ž˼£ûһֹ˹ȥĺء
źЦؽĵǣȥ
ɫĵʱػζȻѾȲˡ
ǺãȥǲܣڰְֱϲҪ˵Ž˷ԪϣкףһĿڸŷȥ
ãǷȥĵڹԱʼʳһһʳڵ̿
͵ȴʱһһȫȥ
񣬲ܴС壬ȫһ𣬻㷢̤¼
ʹһռض࣬СֻܼǽűߣЩϵֵڿпУһЩԵ̫˷һ߳һȥһСĲȵͷ
ǸӼҵս
ڶ֪ԱȽҪûд
ҲûʲôǰܣʲôܣǳԶҪ
ҲôȣֻҲһվ֦ϳ¿ͷ·ڿһȺһ˲м
ǻҲô䣬ֻЩʳﶼ̫θڣҪǣǲȱʳͲЩʳˡ
źͷԪʱԭڳܵļֻʱͣ죬ҲÿһƬյء
ϴˣϴϲʲôߡ
Сϴôϴ󳤵úСϴߣﻹкöóԵġ
ײŸƿǲܾãʱͺȥˣʶ񲻺ֻܶ࣬ڿഫ֪̣Ҳһι࣬ǳ棬ֱ͸̫үͻȻս˾һһȺΧֺá
Щ֪سԪ߶˶㣬ͼëסԼ
ԸͺܽƽʱҲϲľݴ꣬±˭һ
һ㶼ӸױԼĴڡ
ע⵽ڣǺܸоֻδĳ񣬵һʵûƿǰԲ
ϴôôˣ˼⣬ŵҲЩ֡
ϴû̲ʶɣ
ϴûƿҪﰡУһ˿ô죿
ǰô䣬ᶳģ
̫ΣˣϴȥʲôǸ
һȺŵǰţ̻ȥԪ
ĸЩЦãһˣҿϴ󰡣ҺģҵҲû£ҲΣգǲȵģ
˵ס̷ŵһֻϲȵԱߣϲȵؽ˹ȵطֵůġ
İůͣ档
ȿֺڵź͵סˡ
һĻοͿ˸ţЦǲҫԼĵߡ
Ƕûлǿ浰ΪڲǷֳеο̵Ŀʵ̫ˣСһ
԰ĺӶ࣬԰С̯ҲǸС̯ʲô߶УĸСӵˡ
ǲ֮Щģ˵ᷢȲᱻţôҲΣա
ϴ󣬹ԣϽȥ
ŶЩˣͷȥ̣ѵܳû湻أȻܻȥԼŻһᷢûȫסԼԪߣĲߣԪȲֱֱ
ǴӶԼʱ;ˣҪˤ֮󣬸ŵͣ
һʱûһֻ񷢳Ҳüͷһ͵سؼʱ̷ǳ׼طɵ£Լ嵱ӽס
ЩɻشϹಹԪ¡
׷ɵߣóĵܵܵԴһ¡
Ҳͱеʱ͸оˣĿǷǳӲǳѰλòߣһҵʹҲͰľԼ̫ˣŵ͸˵һ
ɤӳŽһζɻϡ
Ӵһֵ֣ҲԲˣӻӳǺúȥԶٲԾûˣûֵʱ䶼˸ƤԲʣȷʵˡ
ŷӦϽͷԡ
Ҳس˿ڣŸս˳Ǹʳ̣ϲԳӣȥҲ̫ϲ
ͶʳûʲôȤˣҲǼôһ𣬾ϲֵһȺϿתȦ
ǰʱǳ裬ڸĸڣϵܵҲߣҪܵܣ֮ǰһ紵ݶҪ
׳ǰһͻͷķԪһ߿㣬ȤĶڷԪζԪתǶȣֵúÿ
Ԫ൱ϸſֺЦۣ䵽Դ
þûˣǽ֡
Դ˷ԪԹء
ʱΪ̣㲣һʱȥʲôӻ£ŵҲ뿪벽
Ͷŵʳ䲻٣ܲסҲ࣬ⳡιʳǰҲͳһСʱϾѾԵøɸɾûʣٶˡ
ЩĵڵϷﻹЩ©֮㣬ϸҵ
οǶĻеɻι᲻Ͷ뷨
²ᣬ԰԰ĹԱǿһʱǵļѴͶιΪã񲢲һãǷǳֻͣҪһֱѰʳ·ϡ
һĿһСʱɴߣ԰Ҳһȫ˹԰
ٵ뿪ʱرᣬεľҲԸССı䣬ȴǰࡣ
Ų֪ıǺǻΪϲܣȫסΪŵĶҲԶΧתƣһҶɣ񾭹ʱչȥԷк䡣
Щ񶼺ϲʱصعСҶСС֦
׶յܾϲȫѣԭһǺܿ˲ٶ
ϲ͵ǸСżʱȥҪţҧżûˣŸŪ˸ӽСżԼǰҫƵÿСżȥ
žڰ׺
ֻСżûͱˣԭǵܵҲϲÿβ䵽ߵʱͬʱֻСౡ
ãСżȡ˵ܵܵĵϣ˷ܵõǲá
ȻѶø˵ܵܣó൱ϲżģ͵͵Ϣ񈐣ٴһ
´ʱ򲻽˸Сżִڼ͵ż
ȻֻԪ͵żֵһһʽ
Ԫ˿˿ģ౼ٿޡ
źЦԴڼżǲϲϲ
Ԫһָǵص㲻ԣͲһ˫ˡ
Դϴջָʵ֮󣬷ԪĻָٶȾʹѾָԭȵİ˳ɣѾ½ǼˣԭԤٶȻҪ졣
ĬĬӦŸĸλãϧûиܵûȷĿ޷ѰңںӻûƿǣҲܶڵһֱ뿪
޷뿪һ¡
Կ޵۹ĸնˣҪҪ뿪Χ֮Ϳڵʹá
ܲ絽޵۹Ͳö֪ˡ
뿪ϼѾȥС꣬Ű꣬ȴ뿪ʮ֮ãܰ۵ļͥһֱġ
ţҪȥһˣżСʱҡϵëԪվ
̱ССѷŵߣԴ̵ú裬Һܿ
Ԫж뿪ʱһʱֲ⣺Ҫȥģ
Ҵԭĸնˣڵ޷ͬϵһҲ֪ܲãȥԣܿͻˣҡֻ౵ԴһڣһԾա
̧ͷۣʼĬĬʱ䡣
ӳ˯Ű꣬緢˾ޱ䣬Ҳҵżи̣뻹
׳Ԫ뿪ķѯʣóС
ˣϽ˯˯ȥԼǳҪس񱾷֣
ãգգۣؿŵܵ˯ȥˡ
Ԫٶȷɿ죬һһ㣬û˿ۼƬ̾ͳ嵽̫գһֱɵûбǼصĵطŻָԭΣͣѾõĸնˡ
ܿǰһĻĻһ޴͸ȻǾ۹̫ԶҲԭûֻܿõ洢ıϢ
ԪԼն˺ʧ޷ζ޷ԼѼˡ
粻˾ζ޷ҫԼ̣
Ҫǣ޷ҫԼɰż


53 
ԪÿԼ绹̫Զ硣
ͷ۵, ǰȥ
նĻʼǰƮţԪһ߷һ߿ǸӵıʶֻǷŷЩãȻˡ
Ҳ޵۹·ˡ
ӵ۹ʱԪǳ˷ɴ, ɴ;Խ籩ʱˣײһʯֻƾԼУЩ߹Լʵ, ޷ңԶ, ֻǿʧŵ˵
һ·, Ѿʧ˷, ն޷޷λ, ֮Ҳ֪Լˡ
ԪʱŷӦ, ٴθӦĸҵ, ֻеԼĸޱǿĵزܻص, ҵӻȥ
ڲܻؼҵֻһ˲ʧ, Ƿڴǰ, Ԫܻһ, Ѿһңֻżи, ˻ȴˡ
ûټǰɣԪһγնˣֻûзӦתȥ
ûעرնǰ, źӵıʶ, ܿʧ
ŴӷԪ뿪Щ, ˯֮, Сѱ߱۾ȴô˯ţʱʱ̧ͷһգ߳һΣϿճżɹķɻʲôҲûС
֪ԷԪԼҲԷ߾ʲô
ڷԪıеĿ죬Էһž͸Ӧˣһĳ͵سȥķԪ˸š
ôˣ
ſûػתʣͦ졣
ţȥʵһҵĸնˣûյźţѾԴˡ
һͬ̽ͷۣϧڸĸ˲ϸ˵ؽԴܵܽȥˡ
Ų֪˵ĸնʲôذʡ
ԪȦڻ￪Ļն˵ĻǷ͵ģĻʾȻҲᱻڵĿƼ㵽
öãԪżУźܿ쿴ƮǰĻ̧צһץִĻ
ǵӰָ߿Ƽ
ԪЦҲǸ˵޵۹ĿƼ﷢౶ն˾൱ǵֲֻеģҲֲ뵽۾
ž̾ѣٴθ̾ƴƼ
ôٿأ涼ʲô
õһųĻǰȥϧⶫơ
նÿ󶼱ֲĶֻһ֤׶ʱڸĸԲٿغӵն˼ǰ״̬һֱǴ򿪵ģЩ¼նУӴ֮ѡɾҲԱ
ԪƿǺ󲻰żңǲ֪ȥСʱնһֱǴŵģҲû
Щ¼˵ǺʷҲûҪɾˣϾСʱڵĲ൱Ǹʮʮܺӡ
ԵСౣøҲûʲôϵ϶ܶġ
һԪЩ˼Сʱļ¼
ŶʱǰһģҪСʱķˣ϶ɰ
ԣǲЦԪ
ôܣôһǧʲôûԲЦ̲ס
ڵķû
¼Ļʱ3DͶӰ·ʵǰһһֻɫСԴ̬߰سǰ
СֻȷԪڵСһЩͨ죬βЩ߸ߵһһŻ棬Ѹһľӣ˷ܵŻתȦԽ
Աߺܿ˷Ż𣬸Ͻװãϧˮô˻
СڼԴתȦڳһܿЦģֱǷ
⣬㣿ſĿɿڴСٿԪڵķԪܳȺܿɿôƤ¡
ԪҲû뵽һ򿪾Ϳǵü¼ﶼЩɶˣӦǸƿһʱ£ʱͦƤģЩʲô˵ע
ֿظϽлһΣΣ
űЦӻͦɰģɫޣ̳᲻Ҳ
Ԫޣ˲ǸոյΣͷҲ̳ɫӦøÿ
̧̧°ͣһΣ֪ʲôԭ򣬼¼ģһһεġһεڣǸǳݻķӣʲôһֻڴ˯һһСˣСĲŸճӣǳɰ
ɫСһͷҲ˯ߴǸˣһʱȥԱߵãһۺĺͻȻ˱Ľߣ߲СŮ壬濴˾ֲѡ
ͻȻǰһ͵سȥ

ԪȦסıһ£ߣֻǵĸҲǣСʱǱġ
żǵ÷Ԫ˵£ϸСԴϻнǣȷʵ߲̫һ
סС˹ܿҲһСߣҪС࣬ϸϸģƺƯڴϻС
ԱߵСǱˣЩͷһ³򣬹һ紵ϣȥĽţ˹
ֻСڴܿ콫Ƶ˵ϣҲòӡ
СԪȻƤʱȴܿƣûҲûм˵ǡ
ּ䣬ͻȻƿˣһЦݷǳº͵˽ºּͣϵıӷһԣԴҳһŵҲûֻ֣ЦŵˣˣóԷˡ
߱ΣСıãСɵŮ˼ϲһȥ
ԪֵָָŮ˵ǱǼģҵĸǸͨ࣬ԸܺãҲܺá
Ҳ֣ɡԵ֡
Ԫû뵽˵̲סЦЦֻССԲýԲ˵ǸСţԲȷʵɡ
ͦͦظɽȸԲһ
¼һΣźܿͨ¼ǿĳգݻھٰһʢᣬվϵӢ͵վУһצһĻңԶʱ䶼ܸоӽɢѹƣ˼
ԭ
Žֳ֣˶ΣһʱèʨϻϬţأúһ᳡˶԰̫ûסЦ
ú棬磬ôදȥ
ԪҲŻȥֻǰһֱ᲻ͬ⣬Ͼǧ꣬Ũĸ顣ô˵лһȥ
ţǾͲöͷʱˡ
ÿγȥͦ鷳ҸƧĵطȥǰֵĵطҲΪܱ߿ƵˣֻȥĹò䣬ζʵ̫ˣǳ㡣
ӻûܻΣŲ֪ô˵Ϊ֣˲һԲܱ֪Ҫʱأ
ǴӹȥߵڵģʱûѡѾϰҲˣУǽ϶ʺͱԹ
ϣܿڵģֻ뷨עۿۣΪ࣬ͱض޷ڣԼѾҲһ
Ȼ᲻طŶԷԪ棬Ǳ߿žͺܺӡ
һӦԪͻǻȥϧûҵİ취
˼Ƶ¼ŷǳԪСʱģֻǻһֱֻģŷԪ˺һᣬһСӡ
ͣͣ˫۷ŹؿǸһµС
ӱžͷ·ʱӿúܴԴ߸߰һͷĺ췢߶һ˦һ˦
иСŮһԪ磬Ҫȥģ
Сعͷֻһżּɰڻϣеཱུģ۾ִ·̺Ǻ⣬촽ָۣ߰ڷԪ
ҸСԪԲͷʡ
СŮֻӣŻȹӣСǣ֡
Ԫ˦һû˦׻ǣסˡ
Ԫ磬ȥԲòãԲص
Լȥ
һԲסֱۣſΣСֺһòúò
Ԫͷ۵ԴˣҴȥ
ллԪ硣
ſСкٿڵķԪ̲סó˴ϧûСʱ
֮ԪĺԽԽ󣬷ԪҲ󣬴ӴŷݿɰСӳ˳ˣԭҲһֻɫСβԽԽëɫҲԽѤ֪һȫСֻķˡ
ƺǷԪĳڣƲסı仯͵طɵգһֻȻޱȵķƲдǻҫ˰գϦʱѤõϼҪƯһĻĿá
ǰԪһֱΪʼҳԱ֣䲻ǵĺӣȴҲǿķˣһӣҲӵԼķغ;λֻ֮ǰһֱͦ͵û¶α֮Ĵ˲䱻ţĴڡ
޵۹ǰһֱз˴ڣֻǷ̫͵ˣǰ¶棬ϴγѾȥʮˣڶǴ²ǲ뿪
ڷԪıȼԷ˵飬˸רŵվ׷֪Ԫ˵۹ļһ㣬һЩҲųϯ
Ԫ̫ڹǰ¶棬ĳϺܲӦҲӦҲֻϣõԼķأٴǰᵽԼϣʲôҲƣԽ¶Խǣʵ˼ݣ˹ԲܻӭҲҪһλ
Ȼһֱýʳݵλ߼ʵǿ˿ûʲôԷյ£ɷԪûƿʱͿǣ֪ԼĸĸԼ뿪޶һҲ޷ȫͥɶԸĸڻǱֻҵĸΪʲôҪԼΪʲôԼһ뿪
ҲһֱӵиԼļͥ
ˣãҲظĸҲûʲôϵˣΪѾûôǿҵִˡ
ݵؿԪСļ¼ŽԼһӵܾ÷Ԫ߿кܶˣȴúܹ¶

ʱվϵʱ񿴵˹ȥԼгɺ˸ĴµɽÿֻµɽתȦ޷̫̫࣬ݣϲһѾʱˣСֻ᳼£ΪҲ뽻һȻԼŵʲô˵ּ尾ѡԽԽĳ˯ȹߵʱ䡣
ǻ˴ˣҲ춨Ե֡
ԺһȥĶҪһ𡣡
Ԫͷ§ССķౡ
ײ֪ôһֱû˯˳ŵܵһչӲǽһ˷Ԫ£Ԫֻһס㹻һڸסֻСС
ڴ̵ԴͶ̵Ŀϸһڡ
ԪԴϸһ£һĿһ𣬶̲סЦ
ҲɵļҺСɶ˵ȴůҲĵط
ԽԽ䣬ܿߵ˴ʱڣʱҲ£඼ؼҡ
ֵϹ˵԰ԺǽҲ˺ϲ˺ƣԶԶȥ쳣ϲ졣
ƿѾȥ£һ̰볲ܶҲԶԷˣֻǴʼûҪƣԾÿԿҪССڶŴ˼֡
ͱǰִһȦͳšιúܺãִԲֱ׼
ر񈐣ֱûߵسóԵĹǰǷԪŹȥʳмδ̸Źȥˣ·ȻԼ˹ȥ
ʼ˶ûע⣬ֻΪֱĳȥˣ񈐴绰֪ġ
žòôȥˣʳ̫򵥣̻ûԼٹʳҲ֪뿪ĸôЩɴ֮Ծûжǳ̫ˡ
񈐣ԺҪ׼ʳˡ
źݺģϵ̵ʳԴһʱ䣬Լ취
ʲôöҲ˼ܴ֮һҪǿһЩ
ŽԼǰǳ֣ص˵Ժ岻ٸҺͰְҲٸιʳҪʲôԼȥ취ѾˣԶˣڲҪ볲Ҫ취ԼιԼ֪ô
գգԼĶۣû˽ԡ
󣬵ȵʱһ񈐼ҷȥɵ񈐼ҲԶһ·ҲûʲôΣգźͷԪûиһڶ
ڼң׹ȥʱ߲˲䣬·سȥ
ȻƽɢζĳտյʲôûС
ź̯̯֣ףԺʳҪԼ취ˣҲٸˡ
״ԭأ˫ŵĶ۾㵵ؿΪʲôôġ
ĺܱǸٴεǸҲǳġ
ЩĵڳѲһȦΪ˴ϣʳﶼѾǰˣˮʲôûС
ɳ˴
Щĵ׷˳ȥѾԶˡ
뿪񈐼֮ãȻ޴طڽͷ⻹ͷһ뿪ԼϤķΧԼ֪ĵطֻöӺܶһֱɢζĵطȥͣʱѾɵһС͹⣬ɢԵ׷ζ
ױС͹ͷϹŵķ壬ۿؿ·ʳôܳԵأ
ĺö
Ȼܾô̶ε뿪ѿʼͷԪĬĬرŶ̸ۿʧش񈐵ķ뿪ͣһҲ͹ǰŲûסǰ
ôһֻûг̻᲻̫˵㣿


54 
÷˲ԼĴƤ, Щί
ԾɲرΪʲôĸ׺񈐶ṩʳˣΧǽ֪̳Ҫ뿪ѨʳǸûг̡
δҪԼ, , üѣܵܡ
ܵ, ƽʱ, ӦóԱȥܵˣʳﻹû䡣
ͷر, һֻСȥ, ܿͻλƵ
Է˲࣬ϰ컹Ϊй˿ͽ̧ͷʶصӭ٣Եʲô
˵ŷû, ̧ͷ͸ϵСߣСë׵ĶƤ챻ϸĸճһӣȥֻֿɰ
»ᾪС, ָᳶ˳ʳϹ
쿴ϣһֻ񡣡
̧ͷ, Щصͦɰġ
ǰ, վһ, ǲˣп졣
ۿ˻ҡҡͷ, ëɫ, , ɫ
佱, ײͦţһͽצȲȥֻøϽųվá
ǵõԷ˸̧ͷȥֻƬ
׼ǷʳﲻԿʼֻЩǲǳԱˣﻹʣ࣬Եʵ࣬һ˸͹ˡ
Դǰ죬̽ŷȥ
ΪΪ˰ѺҲ̫ˣƽǳΪ˿ڳԵľȻֱӷɵȺ
ſڵϣǸԳԷŮӣԵĲ棬һһֻɴӶˡ
ŬԼЩͷ
ŮһŲֻͿԼϵ۾صɴһҶŲŲ
һСһСߵߣϵʳ˵ҲܳԣƽճԷܽרŸ׼룬ԵʳҲжװţһеĳԾͲˡ
ͷµߵ׻մ˵֭ĭζ൱
óԡ
ߵֿŮ
ǶĿŮ°Ȼӣһ׷ڲõϣᳯǰơ
ţѺõسһͷ
Ůʱ˷Է֮ʣԴ
ԣôһˣֱ˻˷ϣǵûȥ
żֱûۿˣֺЦ
ŮŵˣæǸģˣԡ˵꾹ֱ˵˺ŵλȥˣȻſں濴
ĶոڶûԱο˶ŲԶˣһ󣬷Ǹλȷʵͦȫٴȥ
ĳ˵˿͵Ŀ⣬˶߳Աߺض;ֻһֱġ
ڹ԰￴οȥԱ¶ѾˣʲôܴԶ
ٴͷϵģת滹в٣Ǳ˵룬̧ͷŮ
Ůգ˷ܵصҲˣ԰ɣ㡣
Ҳ˵˵ѣҲûָֻöԼ˵Щʲôȷʵˣ߸˵ϣͷڴʳ
ϰ˵ĲУСۼҵʳܻӭϲԡ
ñȽϽļ˿ҲЦŵͷζȷʵá
׳˰뷹ûôˣڷȻԱ˵ëһֻʹ޶ȥĵطԵġ
֮ǰǱʾһ¸л
һĳɵŮԴϣͷ˼¡
ŮһҶ۾ͣתͼСڸʲô
ͷɳ˵ʳˡ
Ů׷ȥѾСӰˡ
ûЩʲôźͷԪǿˡ
ΪĸǴ֮зѪܿͺܴɢζԿһ˵һײܿԷϵɢ
Ůûʲô£ֻǿܽӴȥʲôõĵطմȾʱһֱùˣϵĺסˡ
ĵڣֱӽɢˡ
ŮԴſվһᣬź߽£û뵽ʲôͷһȻǸֻǸе¿ֻۼ۲ơ
ȵؼֻҿ˿ûʲô̰תͷȥ˸ľֽ˹ȥСʱ󣬶ֻʧͨҵлǮ
Ȼ淢ײ֪ŬѰҵڶҿԳԷĵط
ķһ󣬺ŵĲҵ˲٣˾ûôˣǱһ𣬺ֱеĵ׷ƨɺͼ׽
׾ǰ¶ǵʳﶼ챻ɾˡ
ʼû£ͷһеޣίС
ͣһ̳ϣеֱӻȥˣûгԱвȸվڵϢ֣ȸǸк
ģ
βһ
ȸǿ˿ǱԼͣЩ̫ӭô϶ԵĶ࣬ɮ٣ԼʳﶼˣһԵľԲС
ûʲôóԵģȥ߰ɣӻ̻ʳࡣ
ǰѾǳˣͱˡ
ʵûطȥȥ԰˵԰ͦãǱ໹ιʳﲻӭȸ㳤ôÿӦÿԻȥġ
մӹ԰׾Լһ
ʹشϷȥʳ
ûȥ̳ר·СꡣҪˣ಻Էʱڲ͹ҵʳȽ鷳
ת˰ҲûҵǼҲ͹һƵĵطˣͣĳСϢиſڴϳԷ׾˷ܵس˻֡
Сô
ɻسһۣʶ
ſڴ̨ȻòıѾ˺٣ÿڼﻭϰһÿ춼ܳȥԷڴ̨
ǳһ״кˣ䵽˴ϣʵ뿴ڳʲô
һʳϺ⣬Ӫ仹вˣǱ֭ݹ׷˼ڳԷϣʣ˴ûꡣ
ǰһȥúóԡ
ΪӪ룬ƽ񈐸ʳﶼ嵭Ӫûʲôζζźãһ̶ܳóԵЩ̫ʳˮҲϲԡ
еˣһ㳯
뿴СŷⲻԼڹ԰ֻֻɫһҲܶࡣ
ȥ˹԰ΣŵĻ᲻࣬ϱڼŵҲ̫Ҵչȥˡ
Сڹ԰ֻôôɵˣȻ
԰ľһֻû뵽ֻʶĸ׵ģʱԭһ̽ĽŲҲôֱǰȥ
û뵽һ㶼ˣĵظ߶ˡ
ģʲô񣬽ʲô֣һ˵һ߽Ų֡
˵ʲôһֱƣҲŴĵңþͲˣô£Ҫԣ
߶߶˰ڷһֱԼ룬ͷѾʳ볯ǰһƣڳ⣬бŷ˴ϣСԶ
׾ΪģһצӰסأȲصͷ
ԣպòóԣϲôҼﻹкܶóԵģ´λòã
ȱһµͶιߣ̧ͷմյ쳯һϵе൱⣬ٷҲǳ⣬ζܲóԣϺҲóԡ
Ҳö˵Իص㲻شҾ͵ͬˡסô
ûٻشר־سԷٶȿ죬һͽʳ˸ɾһҲûʣԵֻʣ๿ĵ뷢졣
ô뱴ԼԶóŵûţû뵽ֻȻȫԹˣϺǶûʣ£ͨ¡
ԽֻС԰ֻˣ
ҪҪˣſʵ
ǳԱˣڵûȥˣλԴ˵̧ͷһۺų뿪ˡ
ﱴĸȥûУ׻ӻС´һҸ
ĸ߹ɻڸ˭˵ô
˿صȻˣ㿴׶ɾˡ
ĸοֶһ䣺ûеɣɲ߿
ôܸ£ˣ㿴Ҷӣˡ˵һȥ˳
û뵽׾ȻҵһµĳڷƱߵĻʳ⣬ԺֻԽԽֵķˣȫ֪˵ʲôˣÿûǿб£
̿ǡЩģסҫģԺ󲻹ô׶ԼˣӹɣҲá
ԪҪ׳ȥԼͲرͬмҲԵ޲ǰӻڼֲҲǳοҧסźëëԼϣȻȥ׻ȥˡ
׵ҵʱ򣬾ͼĸ͵ܵһȵشȥȵ߲ܵ˲䣬ܵһ£ŲźߣЩŤزһ£ˣȴûô
һʼӵʱȷʵеҵԵĲ˶ӣ־رĺ㣬ָоǵһᣬ׾ú
Ҳ֪ǲǴһεȥܾԼǳԺԶһˣ볲ˡ
뿪Ͳʱʱ̸ܴ̿ܵһˡ
ֲ·ԪԴȥܵܣӲˣֻὫѸűΣֻܾܵԴ̽ȥ
ĵǰһ㣬ҲֻôһѣԾССһˣ֪ҪòŻƿǶ
ָˣĵһӭӡ
ܵҸ˵׶ŵ౵ؿʼԼ֪
ʵҲһȥˣͽ췢¿˸飬ظʱԾ뵱ϵزʱһ¸Ӧ
βСζ˺һͣδؽԴҲ˳ԼתһȦͻȻԼŵܵҲɷˡ
˷ܲѣһԺܴŵܵһȥˡ
һð֮׷ҲûԼôΣգȻԻǽҲԼȫܵܣܵڹ԰滹ġ
ô׾ȻҲۣ²ҪȥҲӻӳȥˡ
עⰲȫɳ԰
ౡ
ȵڸ米ϣ׵ıſ񣬵ԪǲԶˣ򫲻̫ȷԼȥ᲻ᱻˤһҲҶżתʱ򣬵ЩŵؽԼ建תױëëѹȥһЩγһԲȦԼȦﲻڵȥ
ûעĶһȦϤкȥèͰͷ̡
ſӳȥıӰֿһӻָ˴ǰѣֺûڹĴ
ŲԪߣ棬һ˵ʼദʱĸо
ʵֳʱػֻʱ佫ιһ񳤴ͻ뿪ѨȺԵ񻹺ãĸһͶӵ񣬺ܿͻĸϵϵİһʲô
žԼ˵Ĳ̻ûƿ͸пƶˡ
ڲȳ˯ҲҪԼˣȻ֪ҪЩʲôˡ
ǳȥԼɡͻȻһҿ̸ҪԼῴӰʲôġ
ԪºܿͷԭεʱȽ϶࣬ǰ򷹻߹ٺʲô
ʵ޵۹ʱԪξӶ࣬Ǳߴೡ϶ҪΣѾϰˣȴϤԭûκβס
ھߡȲص塣
ǰ磬ҲҪˣֵ̳ﶼǳ֡
׺ҲһţԪʡ
Ǳ߹һȦѾŵܻܵˣͷ¶ؿĸ
ԼƺûдźһģǾͲԼˡ
Ŷ̵̶Щ˵ǶĻϾϴ뿪ǳµġ
ҲôɣŸ꣬¾һˣ񈐡
ȥҲȥܵشûһϡ
ôˣ첻æôʡ
е㵣׵̫æЦ
ææģԼܶ࣬ȱǮǰƴֻΪ˹֪ԼЩʲôʱĥĥʳ׸һúܿġ
㿴춼׽ˡ˵֣һСģƽʱϲˡ
׿ʳΪѵȥȴûгԣ̧ԴţȻģǼǵ˵ĻҪԼʳ
԰ɣֵ÷ǳ
ϲصͷʳëë۶ϲ
Լ£̫˼صܲܰչһһͺá
ԪŶ̷񈐴Ͻӹ򫣬Ļ˻Σ˸űߡһ߳һóܵܣĵǻζϷһ
ԣȻԡ񈐵߶޷ֵŲˡ
ٺ̣һԪ˲˹԰
ú󣬽ֱ߶һǣֵ¡


55 
ӰԷ̳, ͨµճΪźͷԪ˵ȴǳѵá
Ϊ˸ʱ䣬ʱƱλò̫, һ, 
żڷԪ߽ζؿһûʲô߼ƬǰŹһƬ, ŻЦʾ˼
Ӱȥϴûнȥĵ, ż̫ãһѱֻõȼ
Ͷʵ̫, ߼¼
ֽҲü, 롣
ЩϷֱһЭ죬ԱߵСĿɿڴһڳݵĿΧ˷ܵȥ, ȫʧ󣬸ֵҲԽԽࡣ
ԪҲ˼֣һҲŲ˱Ƶ, ߲ʱһ󾪺
ȻÿεԪС֮СĲţĵβͶˡ
ָһֱ̺, Լ, Ťֻһ, ѵûؾԼĺÿ, ϽŷԪܵˡ
ûЦɣ
ûСԪ컹ûס¶Ц
챾ڵ, ѾҪ, ǹʱҲԽԽ١
̳¥Ħ, ֺȥ˲࣬ڵ￴ԥŷԪȥ
¥ʱѸٺȥĦƹ⣬޴ԲȦڿת
ȥеĵƹǱڽ¡
öƣһͦÿſڴ¿
ԪûסԼϣĦתߵʱסҪ˵Щʲô졣
ȵֿʱŵ쳣صһΣ
ʵ˵һǡ
Ҳ˱һܽӴȻ˫޹üΣÿζͣҲǸζ
Ԫ޹ģĿԼģϲĺÿ죬ǲеȣ
СĿռ˶ɢ¶ȣ²òһȫΡ
֣㶼Ѿ˷ֳˡСֹԪȦסĲû˵
ȻֵطʲôĦҲܿͣδҰ죺´λطԡ
´ξͲ֪ʲôʱˣԪбҪӣҲ֪򹻲ԣҪݣûôӡ
ȥģ
ųҡҡͷȥɣȥ̡
ˣ
ѾҾͦĵģ´ٳɣһΰкĵطˣ´ξûоϲˡ
Ԫû뵽뷨̲סĶͷ
ûżֱӷɻȥһ·ߺĹȻ˼˵ĹλƵص񈐼Ҹ
ǸϵʱڳԷ
û񈐼ˣû뵽ȻһҺͿӷ䵽ױһ͵СֳǽһŶ컨һ޴ϰмӴǽ쵽ǽһרΪ˵ƣҪֻùǰСͷ컨һӣ¶иСӣʳɢĺܿҪԽϰܵӳԵ
ЩʩӦǸսõģ²ڼдֱӷɵҲûףԵ˷ܵתȦ
ҲһרΪԼƵĵϹͬòֺ
ͷֻ񣬱߿߿䣬ϵЦݾû
Žݵʱ˷ܵβͣ౸ͣǱܵҲ˾ͷͷиСģʵʵײڹϣһ졣
Сϱĵϲ㲻ˣ𵰿ǿš
ſﾫɵĻ߾ҲЩԾԾһ񈐵л
ллչǡ
գлҲĺܿġ
ų֣̣ûؼˡ
û뵽ǰԸߵ״ʱҪؼңȻһ㣬ˡ
Ԫ򫣬
ԪɪһԴƽշԪ̫ǣʶе·Ԫ
̵ش񈐱תȴûзˣ˵ɳϡ
Ŵߵɳߣ׸ȴû뵽ɳϲ˫ȶܼˡ
ôˣһʵϣĳڷ̣յӡ
ԪҲɫһϽ˹ȥ
޴صһֱúõģԵĶǰЩô
Ԫ׵Դûô˼˵һ䣺Ҫˡ
ʲôû
Ȼһ룬ܴСͻȻʧǰȡ֮һģСӡ
ӿȥһӣװ֣൱ɰüţֺԪһ˫Բ۾鶯ؿΧɰС
״ƿǿʼһֱӣŴûô컯ΣҪ˾ֻһ磬ҪȻνٲſܻˣټΣգֵһ
ϣôɾͱˡ
żֱˡ
ǷԪֲ֣ܱ˵ĵǡ
ͷһαˣ൱ãȻһͷӶֽҪֱۺûȼǰæԼɳ˹ٶȼɳһᣬͷʱΡΡվ
վգ۾ԾɺãȻؿΧˣ߶ϣԼֱ۾ҪȥԼǸˣûôɣһֵȥ
ɳȽϴֻ˸ƨɶײûˤš
ŴӾлع죬ױˣ
Ԫ¶ӵԴ൱صţˡ
񈐵ڵ׼·Ьˡ
ϾһײΣһܽһë·ڹġҲҺͨӣ¶ȱȱ˸ߣֿ˿յڱš
񈐳һ̺ӽװ棬ֽűסЩౣౣ
Žֱ׵ͷԼֱֿԼֱ֣һѣģֱϣ𾪵ؿǰˣѹ
źͷԪˣѹԼëû˳ҲûˣԺ󶼷ɲˡ
ſԼѹӾȻеЦ
û£ڸһˡ㿴˵űȥ䣬˸ӣһһСվھǰ
ſԼڵӣӶֱۣĺҲֱ̧ۡ
׿ԼֲͷţССѹ飬ؿܡ
ŵĻڵϣ̽վֱڵһᣬܿСˣһһĵܣֱ΢΢էһеӰܣͦϸ˵ڵϱĵģ
ԭһֱϷɣ˵ϣļҾҲİһֱתȦͼΪ׼ǽߣϧ겻ȥˡ
˶򫣬򫹾عذϣһ죬ûЩĵײϣƺԼĿǺӲײ飬һ·ֱײִײǽߡ
ԪϹȻһѷ춼ûС
ڰְûһӣͳķȥ
Ԫŵڰش˸߲ˡ
ŵܵױƵһȦҵţʱʱڿտһҪһ㡣
Ҳ֪ʲôʱܱԭΣȻܴٻع԰ˣͻȻ֣ڿҪһӡ
񈐳һṦ˸ͬǿ͸˼·¿ЬñӻСʲôģ൱ȫ
·ܿ˽ΨһǴûд·ûӦܣһǰ׸ˣֻ˸ĳ䳤㡣
Ҳûع԰ʱסɡ
׹ԢСǸһһҸͨʣ䣬ס¡
ôС
ĵصõģﻹзӡ
֮ǰһֱסΪýǲȱס
ֻܸпǮ˵ɡ
лл׻ָǾȥ
ҡҡͷסöСעкˣһֱ׺򫵱Լӿǿĵġ
׵һֱ˺ü졣
û취ԼҲڶ֮תάΣźͷԪҲһֱΡεĺôǾǳԷԴڴڵĳˣǰÿֻһģһһףһڿȥöࡣ
СĲѣÿԷʱͱŵܵߵȴ
ǷԪģտʼģŲܻҲû̹ԪһκٳȥʹһѲ˻վڳ￪ʼв
žˣ֪Ԫ
ǳһΧ۷ԪװСվһ߿вˣ򫹾ȥˡ
ԪպܲĲζ档
ӳһڷ˷ܵس౳
Ԫ⿪Χȹ£ǰŲаְ֡
еµؿԼ룬ҪץԪֱ̧øˡظһ飬аְ־͸ԡ
ίŬ뷢ϧʧˡ
Ԫ̲סҡͷ
ŽŻǰСûڵʱ򡣡
СˡԪ̫ͬײͨӣ˵û˵ˡ
ŽǿŵĶ̷ǰ㿴˵仰
彫ԼŲαװһͨĵ
ȻûƿǣȴŬѾȸճʱִһЩϵĻԽӲʯͷαװʯƷ
ԪĿǣû뵽ֻû̧𣬾ͱӵ׸סˣ׽ܱܵԼЩغһžž
žһ˹ȥ˵ʲô
վŵܵͶǳغ֣衣
˰ְ裬׺ܿ
ֽ˵֣ܵÿǵܵܵܵܣǱŵܾܵҵܵܵ·ϣʮܵܲһ裬ʮһְ֡
Ԫеĵλɼһߡ
ǲյɳϿͶӰӡ
޵۹ȫϢӰԺӳĵӰڸնϿҪӳڼ䲻ܸڶ˹ۿԪǵԼʲôʱ˵Ӱĵʱûע⣬˲٣͵ĶС
ȫϢͶӰõӰͬʵǰһ㣬ÿÿóԣ׿̫ûע⣬ֱӴͶӰȫˡ
ɢĹǺһ㣬ܶͣ任̬˷֪̫ܵĻʱ䵽ˣŹţͻȻʧ·һأһֻϤСǰ
˦˦ԴĴųһʱ컨壬ͷӬƵĽתһȦ˷ɵĸߡ
ЩͬǱ֮Ծܺ͵ܵܣֻʱô䣬еζ
˶źӣûעնϵźŹ
ƺͼߣֻǶ϶һֱûϣͶӰָԭ״ûټȥͣ;ѹȵĹһʱʱ
Ԫֹصնˡ
׻ָԭΣҲû񈐼Ҽͣٴλ˹԰
ԽˣֵϵˣʱڹĻ֡
԰һ֣Ѽûסɺܸɾƺɨ
ǻǹк
׻ǶԹ԰Ӧûͣͻٱŵܷܵɳȥ棬ھп̴ˡ
׻ǵ˵ҪԼʳ£Էʱ佫ܷܵŻԼ˳ȥ
öûȵһֱЩʧ䣬û뵽Сˣȥʢ뷹׶ϵ൱ϲΪѵԴץץˡ
ڹ԰˼죬ֵڶαΣƺйɣ
˵ʱһ˾ֻȥ񈐵ķסס˼Ҳ̫ãԪ취񈐸ڵķӣҲҪˡ
껹죬ѵ÷̫ԶԶعߣû¶ȵװƷ
׻Σڿʼ·ˣΪֻд·ſԳš˴Ź֡
˺ܶ࣬ǲʱ䣬ÿﶼŴС
һǣһˣ˷ܵڸĸϵǧ촩Űɫ׺ͰɫӣСһϿŸαװɰССѣſСĳ
񈐱һֵģеæûʱ䡣
˷ܵسǰ壬Ǳǣţһܳ˰Զ
죡ﺰţ˵ԽԽˡ
Ŷ㣬ż
̫ˣҫۣԪһһСҲ̲ס¶ЦҲʱͻȻоûκζĸնһ¡
һĻԶϳһЩİˣԪǴ·ϳǵ۹ĳλٽ
źŲǺܺã϶ʱʱ֣ҲǺ
ܱǸˣɴ׹٣Ϣλ꣬ҵȥ
Ǳ߼϶ص⵽ǰ򣬿ɾסǣڴԭסָʾǷ䡣
ԪƬ̺ܿظҪ䣬ԭش
ܿõԪĻȻҲ˻˵Ļʵ̫Եģе˼
һҷɴӷԪؼˣ뿪ǰ֪ңԶһϵ硣
һԪҪˣ
ͷûתһȦߵķԪʵԸһҿô
ſڴģֻͷ԰ͷԸ⡣


56 
뿪ͻȻ, ԪԼû뵽
ϸ鿴Լն˲ŷǸӵźŶ϶Σǰ˸Ϣֻź̫ûյ, Էźȷ, ɹ
Ԫ뿪¾׽֪, ˶֪ĽᣬҲ֧ǰȥѰҸĸ, ֻǷɴͻȻ׹ޱȵ, ʵûǿ󵽿Ժᴩĵز޵ǰȥԮ˼ֻҵ˷ɴƬȴûмˡ
ϵʵǸǳƫƧϵҵ, һȺͷӬƵת, Ҫ, Һʱյնźţȷ˵ꡣ
ŷɴ, ԪҲͨɴźŵԼնˣ˷ʺܵ, ԲԲϰϢ
ЩůЩҲһֱļˣֻԼһֱԼˡԪ¶ЦɻΪʲôǰߵ, 쳤ֱţ㿪˸ƵͨѶ
Ǳ߼˲ͽͨ, һ͵Ů˾ϲֵǵؿ˹
Ԫ, 㻹ôģ
ԪþͷתһȦ, ˹㳡Χľɫ£ô
ϸ˿ܣ㳡Ϥ̳֡͵վ
㣬ڵ򣿡
šԪͷû뵽⵽У֣ؽһ£żţǵĺӣס˵ִڴ̣ûƿǵĶ򫡣
ȻǱãһھż̡
û뵽ͼҳˣǧ궼ûнŹŶʱ˵еİͣ㣬ãš
Դת˰첻֪ôƺɴֱʡˡ
ãɰû뵽ԪȻż̫ԶûΪأȼ棬Ԫ鷳չˡҽǵֺ˵ǰһءЦ
գۣӦò̫ܣ˱Ҳ֡
źԾе϶Ƶв̫ýЩԪûнʲô
Ǳ߿յϢûðԴһλ÷ǳӢˣȥЩ䣬Ԫ˿˲ʧһΥЦݡ
ԪŰû㾹Ȼҵżܵ㣿ãǷԪĸ硭
Ԫüͷһ壺Բ죬ǵܵܡ
Բұ硣
ҳ磬ҿǿģ
ûƿǣûƿǾͲС
С
˸һ͸ĻΪɵ鳳Բҡͷ磬ÿζΪܡ
Բ÷ǳƯСһԴյĻǰž̾㳤ÿǵĺҲúÿԪˣǿһ׼ܶ
ŻȥǱЩѺֵļˣ˲䰲
źŲüҲû̫ãƽ֮͹رˡ
վڹ㳡϶ſʵͦ죬Χ·˶öˣվһָָǲӻˡ
ڻع԰ʰһ¡תͷ԰ߣøҸ𣬻񈐣ϲ׺򫣬϶ġ
ԪļЩΡ
ֻҪһδε
˻ص԰԰Ƕ֪ʲôԾһææµµ䵽ʳѩ﷭ң·û˿պǡ
ڹ԰Ͽ˼Ȧڲ㣬һֻڰn_ƺ˺ѣֺԾɸڴߴߴǵôԶЩҲͲ֪ץסһֻС󣬶ؽ֦ϣ̨ȵվ֦϶ëڿлĻߣβɽȸϲȵ𴣬ÿһֻŶϵ˵ֻʲôϲʲô
ƬϳʹҲϲãɽ񣬾Ҳ˹˵̫̫ˡ
תһȦһȦһһ඼
Ҳ֪Ϊʲô˶̧ͷֻССİ
ĸоֻܾҪ뿪ˡ
԰еҲˣܿӦԭȻ״̬ƣſҶ֦ҡһֻֻз˳ڿС
԰Ͽ˲䱻ռݣԭʵҲһƬȺһŴʲô඼ȫۼһ
ܿ˸˵Ŀ⣬԰ҲӰ칫˳ץŸ԰ʣôǵҪˣ
԰Ƭ̣˲ô㲻õˡ
ǹ԰ָֻǰô죿
԰ҡͷ㲻õģ֪ˣȻǰһ
԰һµ԰ʲô˵ôʲôֱ˵
԰۾ʲôʱǹʣ
԰ʱתʲôûһ˳ȥ˵ʲôûʹˣǲáۼǲһˣƵˡ
԰
ߴߴرﲻ⣬ϴΪʲôҪ뿪ҪȥģǲǾù԰Դ̫ȥʳĵطʾҪһߣȻֻǲᣬûҪŲѵĴ㡣
ôΧţ
ǰſܻóֻʣ˸ж
ҪȥԶԶĵطԺҪúʲôΣպѿܱ࣬ǣ뾪ȥèĺܺá
èɲֻվڵͷգŵϿմڶһ
ǻģԺ󶼼ˣǱΧȥɡ
طɻϡ
ҲһѴ鵽ڣҲޱС
ֽ˴ռʧ֦϶ʱյ·ʲôûдڹһ
߰ɡֿ˹԰һۣŷԪûٻͷ
ȥ񈐼ңԪѾ˵绰ҴҴӹҸ˻ϻŲš֪֣Ҳ֪˷ԪǷˣȴ֪Ԫļ羹Ȼڵ
ҪȥôԶĵطʧصԺ󶼲ô
ǣӦûǻġҲЩѹ
ǿЦݣ棬һҲҪðɣ˵ǻʱҶѾˡҲȷʵܣϾźͷԪܻܾúܾá֪һܲѡ
ſصһҲҵѵġ
ϣһܱϵó㡣񈐵
ǰһӵһӵ
һԡ
ȥ̽´λʱԸ⣬Ըһȥ˵Ųͷ˷Ԫһۣ˵һȥԴ
ԪصȥҲԣ޵۹ܾ˿ڣǱߴ٣㲻һϰߡ
Լ࣬ӰֳϴμʱһЩ񈐵ִûôǿˡ
ھͲˣһ꣬´λɡ
ͷġ
ҪҲΨһ֮˾ҪգҪ뿪֮ǰͻȻѷԪֱ۳ǰȥ
ȥģ
ײǣٶȼ죬ܿʧǰԪ׷ȥҲϽϣûзɶãǾһЩС
ֻһС鷿Ĵ߻һ߻һ̧ͷ⣬ƤСʱǰһĻʴ򿪴ӡ
ڣȴûע⵽һͨ׽
ôʱˣǶ˻ҵģ
ͷһᣬʱ䶼Ͷι֪Ҫ뿪صع
ౡ
׵鷿תһȦϱߣֻצӶվ˽ȥžڻϿʼ䡣
м죬ڻٵҪ»ˡ
ѽˡﺰȴһ㶼ûȵ׽צŲϲؿ򻭲ֻײȹĵطԭȵĻںһݵһ㣬ּµУ
ڻôÿ
ͷմ˵ɫϲȥ˸ǣֲ˲䱴ơ
ټ
˵ֻ̫öױŶİ˵ñİˣ뿪ǰ˵һ䡣
˵һ϶˳ȥ
һ£ıӰҸոǲˣ˵ټѵֻô
ϧ֮ҲûֻˣҲֻһֱĻ֤ôֻڹ
źͷԪڴ⿴׸ɹԴһŷϷȥ
׻С޷ؿҪװСܼܵһȻѱԪλڻ
뿪ԪѸٻָԭΣŻļ˺Ͱһֱǰɡ
Ҳ˵˶ãֻܿŽԽԽԶԽԽСܿһΧһ޼ʵĺڰ̫ǺڰΨһĹԴȴ޷˹棬Զͬһէһɿ˾ͻֹ¼Ż֮С
ſʼ²һͲ̧ͷ
ûҲûֻһƬţ޷Щ̣ʱͷһۣͷײ֪ʱѾ˯ˣβζ
ŷԭһ㿴Ĥ㱡ĤλС
жõźѯʣɿںȴûκﲻû޷
ֻóԪ塣
Ԫͷһ£ؽһЩ
ͿҪˡƺ˵ƺʲôû˵Ųȷزͷһ£ȴֻһƬž
ʱּžٴţ͵ʼЩܵʱǰͻȻʲôڷŴʱֻһҰɫĳֻаƴСŷԪŴٷŴձһȻ
һҾ޴ɴǿԶ򿪡
ŷȫҲ벻ɴӦʲôӣһ̽ŲڷɴڲҲԾš
ҷɴ󵽷ԪԭУǽǽȴһ
ʮžװվڳڸڷԪ˲䳯˸
Ԫã
ڵ۹ʮ˾ٽˣѰص۹Ƿ񷵺
Ԫͷٶȿ㣬ȥ
ǡǳ˵Ӻܸߣףͷ൱󡣵õٿҴ
ҪϢǾͲͣ
Ԫͷţѯʵţ벻ԶҪܾãʱҪȹˡ
ŴϷɴʼһֱ̽Դʲô棬ǸİĵطʶûбΣһֱԭδڷԪϡ
ǰȺ˾ע⵽˷ԪСֻǻǻΪǷԪСȻȴҲû˵ʲôҪ֪ԪȻڹǰ¶治࣬Ƣôȴ˾֪ľûܴùֵҲǹϵġ
Ԫô͵ظС˵˶ȵصɴ۾ֻҲ˵ɰ˵㣬ûʲôرģžͲӣǻΪԪҸԼʵģû뵽ԭϲɰҵġ
Ÿŷһ·Ȼûȴƣ˦˦ԴϢһ¡
ԪãȥϢ
ǺܿȥϢңϢķǳ󣬴׿޵۹ײǱ׼ֻС
ŷֲǴҲǳߣӹӣȫϺüţΪ졣
Ԫֻ˵˶ˣȴû˵ǵĶ̬ͨҪﲻǼҾ߻Ƿȫȵࡣ
ӷԪϱˣתһȦ͵˴ϣеԣ˸ûйͷ
ԪСŵߣžŴ̵βͽ˯׸˳
˯Ժʶһ£û๱ŵָס۾ͷԼѾˡ
۸һ޵תһȦĸʼڴϱȥ
⶯򫣬شǳͱһһֻһŵڴϱQ
Ԫ̲סЦȴûֹΪҲŸȥ
ȵˣԪס˴ϣͷһ˯ڴϣǰ񈐼ҵʱҲûС
ǼҪؼˣԪֻǰδеƽͷŵ۾̲סЦıЦһ£Сһױŵ
лл㡣
ЩԵͷΪʲôҪлң
ллҼؼңллϲҡ
Żûж˵ϲʣ˫֮һģȻ˴˶֪Է⣬ȴû׿˵
Ŵ˴ʲôʱ˵ϲˣ
ԪĿڣϲ㡣
⻹ࡣ
˱ŹһţױܵĿģ״ҲϽмȥ͵һԾĬһĿڱһڴϹɵûۿ
ౡЦĵܵҲΪ̫ĲСı˳ȥ
򫽫˵嵱һһǸĵĲֺ
Ҳ֪ǲǶ̫ˣڼ˻ּ䣬ͻȻһ
ڸɾһ˲ԪŵĶҲͬʱס˽ŵ̧ͷϵĵ
ֻԭӲޱȵĵ϶һѷ졣
ѷֺƵû
֪ܵҪˣҲҶˣСŵ
ܵܡСš
ʵڼӲûãǵѷҲֻӳһ㡣
ƿòҪ˾ֻܽصȴš
ܼܵ͡׸ľ
һȾ͵򫱾ĸʱͲƿǣҲŬôãƿһСҲ۵û͸СܿһֻɫСƣϢ
۵䵰ǡ
ԪСؽһȥ䡣
˸׵İæ۾͵һ壬˲ƿһڣӿ⼷
ܿ죬һֻСС
ʵ̫СˣŻС㣬ëҲĵһ㣬Ƭĺдŵ״Ĵס
һеۣ򫿿ŵϢƬ̣۾û컺Լĵǲ
СؿܵܣԴĳ
Ϊ̫רעϣ˶ûע⣬ƿǵ˲䣬һƬڰҵĺ
޴ĺɫ弫ʻеķɴ


57 
һֱڷɴ, һʱͷ˿Ļ򣬻¶̫ˣջлȼ, Ҫô, ҪôʲôӦ
ɴϵϵͳڼڷĿͺ򶼳ŷɴʱɴٶѾᵽߣ޷ͨٶܡ
ȫ徯䣡ϵͳ, ֪ͨԪˡ侲ֹϵ
Ԫڶ̳ϲ, յϢվ, 첽ߵһǽڱ, ְȥҲ֪ôٿصģֻǽڱȫ͸Ρ
ͷһξ, Խŵؽ׺򫱧˻
ô£ߵԪʵҲ˼Զǿƶĺɫ塣
ԪſţɫͻȻЩŹ֡
ô, ôܣ૵
ųԾɻ󣺡ʲô
Ԫʶҡҡͷ, βỺ, ûбԭβȴ, Ҳǵһη
һֱŻʱҲЩ궯ոոɵëͣ, ֱۼȥ
Ҳ쳤Դ⿴һQ
ܵӰ, žԼڷ, ӦǷԪڵ궯
ٴοԽԽĺɫйأ
Ԫһ, Ѿоˡ
ͨѶ԰˵ɴٶ, 򿪲ţҪȥ
Ԫ£ΣաȰ
֪Լʲô򿪡Ԫ֡
Σֻܴ򿪲ţͬʱóȥԮ׼
Ż򿪣Ԫź̵ֻԴϸһ£ģӦҵĸĸ
ž㵵˲仯Ϊ˳Ųŷ˳ȥ
ɳȥͬʱԭٶȼۼžҪײĴ˲Ϣ֮ͣǰ
ʧӰ֡
ֻ޴ޱȵķˣȷԪԭҪϸӣ޴ķ˻ζʵĳβᣬѤõĹâÿ·Ƭռ䶼ˡ
˽ԪΧмתΨˡ
ֻǰԪֻûгһһؿԼƿǰ뿪ޱȸӣԹ˼ϲڸӵ˼վԭ޷ҲκλӦ
ɱϾѪŨˮǲֻ˰ڶӵ뻳С
ӣǻˣ㳤ˡƫݳЩķ˶ͷŷԪͷ
Ԫ󳷿һЩûлӦ
һֻ͸ǿ׳Щķ˵ͷȥԲô꣬ԹҲġԺǲ뿪ˡ
ΪʲôԪԾ벻ףΪʲôиĸô꣬µĵطĹأＸûҵõҲ˹ȥ޺֪ҪڱĹдãҲ¶ȥҲһ
Բ³Ҳ뿪Ԫĸ̾Ϣ˵ЩԸǽȥôǸżͺôϸӦ˷һѪϢ
Ԫͷվڲſڿǵţǵ֮ɫճĴ̶ҲԴ
˼Ԫתͷɴȥ
ֻܿһͬɽرΡ
ԭֻһֵͬĳģʱ˳ǰҲͬ𾪡
Ԫĸ׳üһټ޴վɵź͹޷ֱӡվԱߵķԪҲһ޵ʣһ覴ã΢䣬ü˿ļ¡ףԪФĸס
Ԫûȥĸǵһʱ䱧סţӹ̡
Դ³ֵˣֿԪɻƺΪʲôи׵ζ
һķԪֱۡ
ƿûôоԪס۾ССһš
Ԫĸ׹˲˵ģϲǰ̡
ĺӣɰ
˵׺Դëӻһģһĺɫӷ̻
Ԫ飬ԵʹҲ԰
ԪɫԻһЩ
쿴ţЦݵס֣ǷԪżɣĸףμ棬ллЩչ
Żû˵ʲôԪͶŵ֣ĻʾˣҲҪ⣬Ȼȥˡˡ
ǾЩչ÷ԪúܲЩкܶӿ󶼾üƽûʲô˼Ҳһŵˡ
űԪǣֿ첽߻˷䣬źʲôûзһ̷ԱߵͷϣڴϢ
ſԱ۾ķԪ˸ſǰ

ûСԪϡ
㲻һֱҪѰҸĸҲΪҸĸʧܣڼˣΪʲôģЩֲر⣬ĸĸ̣ͨܶûʶ֮ǰ͹ˣĸд
ԪԴѵૣΪѾҪˡ
ֻ˼˼˺ӣѾǰôҪĸˣλȥ׺򫳤֮ǰͼѰҸĸˣȴʱͻȻֳˡ
Щ
Ҳ뿪ȲѵģӦǵɡŽյС룬չ̣ԺǾͿԳȥ˲ô
Ԫ£ȰοԼɫͻȻЦ
Ӵͬصͷ˵öԣû뵽㡣
Ҵɣٺ١
ǵȻһԪҪȥĸ̸̸
û뵽վҪֲǻˡ
ͻȻ򿪣ЩεЦǣǿ̸̸ô
ԡԪָֻĮ飬˴£档ʲô͸Ͻ˵ɣҪ˯ܳǡ
ʵ˯ͷõӣܱܵQһһΣѹû˯ãССŸȡ
ĸ濴˷ԪһٴεǸʼ
⼸ǧԽԽѣҲԽԽ٣٣޼һ޵۹û뵽֮㣬ķǳģ²򣬸ѣߡҶųΪܿƿǳ󣬵ʱյϢǲӲʱƿǣ޷һܾûҲ޷͵ߣֻܷĹУȴȥ
ѲӻΪܺܿģû뵽һʮꡣ
Щʱ޿̲˼㣬ûƿǣʲôӣԵĺòãĺòãûб۸˵˵˸űͷһᡣ
ԪʼȻôΪʲôΪʲôˣЩʲڡ
סְ˿ڣ뿪ʲô£Σô
ţһ˺ͼǨĹϮǺҲˣ޷ٿԽһ˾ϹˡƲ˸оŵʣϸü䶼ŨҵƣУȻ״ֳ̬ôá
ŲͷԪ˹ҪϾ˭Ըⷢ
ЩȱʧĿհ׵׻ǶԷԪ˺Щֻʱֲˡ
֪ˣȥϢɡԪɫɶһЩû˵ģʼˡ
Ҳ֪ôԭǣûټֻ֣תͷڱQӵܱô
׻ڶܵܣܵܵķͣԴıվͱ䵹ٴδϣ౳ȥܾ
ĽԪôͳеţΪСüͷҲŵĸоȥرɰ
Ԫûоܾĸ׵ҪȴҲûһڴӦֻǵӦ
쳯ȥĿԭֵֵʱֹס˶˫۾˹
СĽȥʣҿԱô
ӣŵ˷ԪζûмǿҵϤк׽УոҲŻ￴˵ķԭ
׻֪ԼʲôԪԭֻرǿرݣ˸һģҲ컮뵽С
һ׻쿿̽ؽһֻŷģ˶ӣ¶Цֿһվ
ֻĶҪڻˣḧë
ʱŻҪܶ࣬ʵǿᣬĲٿҲ˺׵Ȳ᲻أطһԴ۾
ųԼûϢ̲סҡͷЦ
ȥԼҲС˹ȥŸƿǣϷôоģǷǿã״̬൱á
һһ̣Цĺϲ£죬ֻס
ͷŵŵıֻβɽȸ̫ɰˡ
ǰֻ̼񣬻ûиţ̷ڱгһССӣӾͰƴ󣬿ȥޱȣëƳɣ⡣
͸㣬ǷëƵķ߶зڵӸպúá
˵ڵʱתһȦ
գգЩ˼Ƥûôֻ˼һ˲ʹ󷽵ؽӹӡȣ䶼ܺʴ൱á
лл
ϲͺá£൱ġ
챧̻صѲߣ̺ؿˣ״󵨵زŷֱ۳ͷߣҪֹԪסˡ
׺ܿվ˷ϣһ֮ԱߵķѲ졣
̺һֱֵúصķѲԼЩȥһֱӳβסЦ⡣
򳯷Ǳߵݹȥ׹׺ܿүү˼Ųһ̧˹ȥ
˵Ƿ˺׳Ǵëһ֮ûУɷһ㶼⣬رϲɽ׵ëëͣȥ䣬պһ졣

ԡѲС׵ëë
״ĵҼ磬ֱԴϣͷķѲͷΪԶ㽫ͷĳһǳǳĿӣһƨ˿
סԪ˼ʵûס¶Ц
⻭̫˵㡣
عЦѲһ㶼Σͷҵ·ͺòÿ
ÿÿ
ڷ컳˯ˣůʣպˣһţŷֱۡ
쿴СС嶼ӲˣһҲҶ»ᳳ
ǱȥûҲ˯ˡ
˶˵һҶ
Ԫǰױֽ
Щ᣺һ㣬˯š
û¡Ԫһһӷ˴ϣһССѱֵߡ
ٺ֮ˣ˵ˣҲˣǿˡ
̾ۺڴǻô
Ǳ㡣ηԪûپܾ
ƺԭǣƺֻȻˣûôˡ
첻Ҳ˵ڵƽҲơ
ǺúϢȳȥˣˣǾסڸڡ
ŶԪӦš
Ž͵ſڣصʱ棬ǱŤѣʵܿġֻʶ˰꣬Ϊǿʧ˺ص˱Ҽ˻ȥΪ˾һڵңһֱŬ˵Ѱǡ
Ծ۵ؿԪ
˼ƣԪһסŵ죬ֻ͵عţûе£Ϲ˵ġ
ſѲ컳ҪҪҼִһ߾ͺˡ
Ѳļ򣺡һ·̫ΣգǺֲҲԺǻкܶʱദ
ǣһҲٷֿˡ
ҲҪ뿪ˣкܳʱֲһС
߸ĸ󣬷ԪԴŲ췢̫ͻȻڻеңӿ
˺һ̧ͷҲȥϢɡ
õˣֱۡ
š
Цһ£ֵÿĵ£
ԪҡͷûУЦ˵ֳԼһЦ
ǣЦ̫ѿˣЦ
ԪһǳЦһǣأ
ࡣ
ɴȫУ޵۹̫ԶҪȥҪһ¡
һ¶Ҫڷɴ޷뿪ʵҲͦģŲԪ˷ɴÿ䣬ҷɴʩ൱ȫϷҽҹӰң㻹иԹǵС䡣
̣͸ǰȰ˵Ԫܸĸʱ˵һȫ˷չˡ൱ϲÿһ׼ʱſڣ̴ʳˣֱ簮С
ԪԭҪ磬ھСԼһȫһ顣
ǵϷ˵Ҫ׺һ˯ʱ򣬷Ԫû˿ԥӦ
Ҳˡ
Ż֪նģտһȫϢӰ񶼻δƻôƬУ˷ܵץŷԪֱ۱ԼĹۺУ˾ͱ
ǺһûԹԪڴϵ
ãȻ⣺ʲô
Ԫ촽صûԹ
ŷӦɫ죬ȷʵûУϾǰûлҲû
ڴϹһţ
ȻǽѾеһʱ򣬽յķͻȻƵ죬ľɣһŨŨغ洩͸
裬ʲô
Ԫ


58 
źͷԪĻջǱֹˡ
ŵʱ, Ԫڳɹס
ֳڽ֮žҲû׽ײҵʱ̴ֱϡ
Цſűߵ׸˽
ô, 첻Ҫһ˯ô
ӺϹǸصúõ, ͻȻӴ˵Ҫȥ, һûüֱֹӳ˳
ϴ˼˯£˯ǰɫ, ëһƤλǸĺɫͼ, ߶Сڴ, һֻɫԴӿڴ̽ǸŸһ򫡣
ſ᣺ζ
һ˲, Ԫס׵ֺܴſȫס׵أס׵ȥ˯
ױҧһھܾҪҪһ˯
ڴżϣԴգȻҲֿ
һĿڼһ𣬷Ԫֻܽʵ
̳׳ǰ, ûкŵȵʱˡ
ͷѲ첻ǻ˲֪ǿ, ̵׺ʵǡ
ԭ̳ŵĻȽ϶, ѪϡҲ, ɲ֪ʲô, ׳Խ, ѾҪèˣż󣬾Ŵ泤һëָг˳ƤϵĺɫëԽޣڳԵĺɫһ㣬ڿɰƽ˼䡣
첻źҲһֲԭССһϵëԽܸڸƨɺɣһҲ·ˡ
粻һԸֱƢַǳ̣Ըǻ˲һ㣬ֻҪ򫷢ˣ˵һģķǳ˾ͻ𣬺ִ֪磬硣
ŷһ֮󣬹̽һأ׷˸СʱȥԴͷŸԴԭˣڵһ˹žߴһ嶼˵Դϣſ౽С
ʼ米ԴصҰɣҲۣǸĴ
ſЦáǸ˴أ¾Ҫܵͷ
Ǿͳͷҡ
ױܵԴ۶ĵʹΪѹûҲûֵܵܣֻóˡԵܵôԼûзҲûзεЦЦ
һԼеģ㡣
Уҵñ硣
Ҳ㱣׿ƿûãʵѾܳˣ֪Ķ֪
ӵܴ󣬽Ҳв࣬ھѾֳˡΪڲٶȶҪϲϱԼõ򫡣
ϲ׷ϷÿĶףŵʧ䣬ҲֻЦű˵ϣԴ˵һܵ
ЩΣֵԴҲûκ̽
첢׵츳ΣϲµĴ̣Żϲ̵ëë
ëȷʵܻƯƯͿɰʱָ
׹ܵѪӰ죬ųÿʵʼնûг꣬˳һëԾ޻һ㣬ָݽȥڻǸŵżůʡ
ÿȤǸ׺濴棬ÿվѡ
žèһèˣ̬öԷϢʱȥڡ
򫲻ԼܻӭΪҲϲ磬ϲ׵ë
˵򵥵ĻˣڵĵһѯţΪʲôԼëëŲһܲܰԼŪɰ׵ģ
֪вǼ̳˷Ԫëɫ֮׷ŷԪԴãԪëëĵ˺ü
ֵ֮ķԪ
ŽȰ˵ʾҲѩһİɫرÿ֮ڷ뷨ֻԾɺԼҲ֪ôŪģʳôʳУմһ۳˷ܵسҿ̫죬ϵ۶ڷ;дˣɴͨȫǷۣǵ÷ɴ
Щͷ۵óסԴ
֪ԼˣͷԵϴȸϴȻϴ
Բ㷣Ұɡ
Լŵǰûпõܵܣ㷣ҰɣҪܵܡ
󹰣˵ֻ౽бʾǸĴԼġ
ֵ󣬽һ˵ϣʳһţǸϹʿǰǸȻͨɨɾ
һڷɴÿ춼ֵأʱת˲ȥܿ͵޵۹ڡ
Ǿ⺽ߣ۹ں󣬷ɴԼٶȸǡ
޺ʱʹɨ˷ȴǵڼʱʱͨƵ죬Ų֪ҲǴӵȥˣ˴һãѾ൱õˡ
ɴûֱӽǣ̫ո۽Ƿ¡
̫ոѾзɴڵȴֱת˷ɴСʱķк󵽴ǵǡ
޵۹Ȩģĵסؼ۴𣬷ޱȡ
ԶǾͬһ
ʰ쵵Ĳɫһ㣬ɫĹâ
ǰǾȻĿйɫڹ·ƵĽȱȽǣǽǾ޴ӰĻŸƵϢ
ĵطʹøֹߵͿշУҲи˻ӶųĴУ屣Σ¶էһʹ
Ŀɿڴؿţеһже档õĿƼչѾǳѸˣϾ˯һʹŸսһ㡣ڿʵֳһ
ɽô̲סп
ԪЦȻǡ
ŵԾɿ棺Ƽôǲʲôᱻ磬תԭΣȻ㶼û㡣
ҲȷʵƼչֵزڻǵصףȻԲزסܡ
ԪЩΪʲôͬ⵽ˣһ𾪱̣չȥŵķ
뿪ǧļҪܴŴ˵Ҳ˵ȥЩֻۣڷɴϵʱżǿշһɫʱָǿ˵ڳԵĳЩʳʱҲóԱȡ
Ԫۣ˽ϣŷһиԼߡ
ôʡ
ڿͷζĹ棬Բػͷʲôڣ
뿪İĵط
գ۾ʱ÷ԪıԼҪдԴﲻ֪תЩʲôͷ
ΪʲôҪڣ棬Һϲ
ģ
ȻģҴѡԣǸóôָͶӰޱȱĲ棬Щѵʵ
üͷ˲չԪ̲סЦ㿼ǵӣԸ⣬žԲѡһߣֻܸԵ
ԵĻڹȥ
ڣˣǵȥ
ҲһΪҹһ㲻ͬǣﲻܰ컹Ǻҹ̵͹˾ҲϢȫ춼ڡ
ҪǰĵطǺҹԽҹյĸо൱еĵƹȫͺѤõͶӰҹԻá
ߵĽһ޴ͶӰӣŷѾҹˣϢ
ǶϢô
ǣЩҹԵģֻҹҹڡ
Ǻ֡
ͷѲҲʮûڵǱȴǰӷ˿һ·ĸı䡣
׺ſڴϰٲв㴰ڣͷɳȥˡ
ɴܿϿաѵôеƣӭ˭һ㣬ƽΪʡ磬Ҫطĵƶǹŵġ
ˡ
һŴ򿪣Ԫų·Ĺȥ
ͷѲ̷ɳȥ޺·Ӱ֣ӭӡ
ֻӭӷԪӭӷͷѲλ
岻һѪһϺ󣬺ѾûдѪˣӶ˻ģʵۿ۲˵Ҳûм̳еȥ󣬷һϵͷǳ˵ûཻ̫˲飬ֻһࡣ
ǧΨһһѪϧλʱѾ뿪ˡΪһ̫ˣֻǰһμ棬ӦһЩ
ʹȻͷѲ첻ԼͬԳԭΡ޴ķϿ̿
ҲͬʱԳԭΣצڷࡣ
ϰһ㣬ȵϡ
Ԫ״Ҳʾشȥˡ
ǳͱֻһڿЦÿһֻﱳ϶һˡ
׻е£֪ΪɶԭΣүү̱һ£ҲϽֻСౡ
Ŀ֮أ֮ҹɢĹâҹնȫΧԭ˸ҹͶӰȫȥһ̧ͷͿһĻ
쿴зˣ˴һ
Ԫϴ¶ҲСһˣĺԮôûϢ͵ǵУﶼϢȥҲһˣ·ȫϵʧһ
Ԫɴ׹ٵϢǱܵģôҪϢҪϱ֮ɳǰԮϢסûþʹˡ
һʱ۹ը˹ǿɾһֻˣܷԪƢôǶǾÿķˣΨһļԪϲá
ɳȥľһֱûкϢϢһһɴ׹٣ңԪ׶༪١
ǶĬ˷ԪѾˣԮ˲ٵԪƵ
˵ֻͬʱֵϢʱõ˲䱬ըˡ
ֻˣֻһֻԾǷԪû»ֻһˡ
쿴գ
ĵˣҲڣüʵ̫ÿˡ
һܵˣǶܿĺǷԪֻӦĸĸɣ˵뿪ʮˣڻˡ
ϵƵŴ
ܿ˷Ǳϵˡ
֪ǷԪǲҲһֻ񣿰ɫģرСۻôɫǻưɣ
ֻ˱Ҳ񰡣ǿ쿴ֻиţֻС񡣡
ִ㼼Ŵ֮ͿǱϵ
ѵ̣
Ƿ׷ײ²
Ԫʧһ겻Ƿֳڵˣżȥ˰ɣ̶ôˡ
ֻżֻôҲ̫СˣͲôôǣֻȽ񡣡
ҾֻС񡣡
Բԣ϶ֻǸƤëкɫСаɫëⲻǴëɫ
ԭԪϲֽС͵񡣡
źز·˫۾ڶԼŵܶܶ߰ζϢĽʣζȫǳġ
צӴ˴Ԫıûôܻӭ
ڿһǽ˺ܿ
̴үү̻ѣԴڼ࣬ĸߴʯȲȿƵĲƺģ֦һ̶ͣ
ԲͺˣÿƵ뷽跨ջ̸˵ڼˣ棬ͼһ¡
׺Ƣظ֧⿪Լĳñ硣
İܾ裬һɸ׵ζֻǻһͱԲߣëƸˣصԲﱻչ˵൱ܵ
ͷɵ̡
μֻδһģԪлúø԰ź̵Ĵˡ
ſ̵ҫӣ˶̲סЦ
൱ϵ԰ڣҲ԰ҫܶηԪСܺż
Ҵһ۲û̫ãԪŴȥǵļҺǵ򣬵ʾѾΪ׼ʱԪֱӾܾˡ
ǲס⣬ҴŻؼҡ˵ؼʱԪ˼֡
ȻǸŷԪߣλͲٸӷֿ
컹ûֻ˾뿪ȥ
׺˷һѾһ˯ˣڷԪëëҲ˯˹ȥ
ٴαʱ۾Ϳһɫȥǳ£ǳǳ̣īɫɫͨͨһ㡣
ؼˡŷԪһѸ򿿽
Ʋ㣬ǰޱ޼ʵɭֲԭɽд󺣡
ûķɴûԻõͶӰ͸ƵĦ¥еֻһƬƬȻԭʼòµ޷˵ĵزҪŷϵǳ档
˥ߺҲûиܹôˡ
µĵطһƬ޴ޱȵ֣ͩߵƬľ˻һƬݣͨ͸ޱȵش͸ܿڷżɾܰļҾߡ
ˡԪԹͩվݿ¶̨ϡ
սܷЩͩߴޱȣ֪˶꣬ҶƬһ׿ȥͩ纣һ㡣
ԶԶߴߴʱּܿʳһ峺ĺᴩԶ޴ıʯ
峺ͨ͸ãǰһжһ
ϲôԪʡ
ͷûֻ᲻ϲָɾĻ
һУңȫ㣬ǵļˡԪϵŵĶͷ
ļҲٹ¼ŵֻԼڵȵ˸ĸҵẓ̇ԭһԸȫʵ֡
ллԸһңҰ㡣
ͷŹסԪ
Ҳ㡣
ǷԪԸҲ룬µضȹǧ꣬ۿŲ׺ɣ±ãֻԭأ˿˵˿ɵȡ
˿ЯֵԶİˣֵüɹĺӣɷա
ܹµķ౵ôΪ˵ôһֻ˴
ȻǳΪ˱˴˵Զ


59 
Ԫֱֺܼ, ͽзǡ
򲻹λûԴ൱ʣǲգȻСһ롣
ܿ, ҲΪһҪҵ򡣵ôͩϵһӣԪûжκοһжԭģ, ɷչ
ҪɾԶ˵, Ҳĵط
׺һ, رǵԪ˵ȥʱ
ʵ, ִһȦվ, ſֻ, βͱһɽȸҪܶ࣬Լַβĸоٶȼ, ת˲ͲӰ
ҲضãͻúöһвסڷɴϵʱռޣÿȥľЩէһɣֵһ²Ӱ, ֪ɵȥˡ
Ȼȫ, ׻ľ, ЩǣֻûʲôͱԪӡ
ⷿݷǳǳ, ÿһ䷿´, ⻹ϷҿޱȵĿ, 
űɳ£Ԫ֣ǰ˲һģСϿŲӣȻ׺ˡ
ֵͷηŷ磬һɽһº涼ɧ˸飬ûκΣգΣյķЩǡ
ſͬʱҲ׷ġ
ͷѲûͣƬ̺Ҳȥݻˡ
˴ţԪŽҡ
ʱ뷱ֳڵΪűʾǿǴ
һ¼ס
źͶԵʱʱͺԲһסһ졣
ԲҵСһݸ˾ǸǣУܶݳᣬȷǳߣ԰Ȩ൱أ趼ҪǮԲȱǮ󲿷ָȫѴҲǸȫż
ǸˣʵĺܺãԾɵСӣÿμ涼Ҫ׷һ棬׻ãֻߵ̫ˣýצһ£ͼ嵲ס磬ϧ̫ӴˣôҲܳɹ
Բôܿ˼ⶺ򫣬Ȼ׷ɡ
ĵһܾͱԪתһȦ˶ʱ֮ȥ˷ʻִգ̵Ȼûʲô⣬ܿͰˣҲԼĸնˡ
ϾǻǧĴˣѧϰǿûʱѧԣڶʱڿ֣˼տҲ˳һ
ûԪһֱӺ򣬿պһͥÿ춼ҪתһȦ²شһ˷ɵǡ
ǵߣʱʱͼʻΧתƣ󲿷ϵĻ;ɫһû˻ԭʼϰףſ൱Ȥ
ʱǸԪȥʱ̴ֻˣȫһ
ļܶ࣬˷ܣΪиĸԱ߿
򫵽ڶûܱˣ˵ѾرˣƤӰȰȰȵͣԪʱ㱸оţǰҲһ̲ͣ˵ⳬࡣ
źĻش⣬ܶණ֪ͱĸѯ
ҲԼնˣãδն˿ƵñȽϣö๦Ҳòˣ֪Ҳ֪Ծȥŵն˴򿪰Լ顣
֪ǰû飬ĳЩʷĳƷ
ӿʵæµÿ춼ȥĵط뿴ķ羰ԵĶ·ûκη´ڣŴûһ˿ģ֪ʱ͹ȥ˰ꡣ
ֹͣάСҲǷԪɺڼʱͣë׵ϸëһ飬һֻë޵ĳڳʹ
ȻҲֻ޵пɰĴӡ
ëʱ䣬ҲڻڳţԲαϸβᶼ޳վһȫƷ֡
ʵҲȫѹףڳſܽһȫסˡ
׶ԵܵʱʱվԼԴһ¿ȵΪܰݣվĸһ㡣
˵úܿģʵһʱ䣬û뵽ëôΡ
Ҹ·˳ëë꣬ߵëë͵ģǱܻԾëëѹӢһĴƮ䣬ʱԵҶ֦ϵϣҺüСϪﶼҵëëڡ
׿ʼûʲôֵԼζĸоͦˣϾҪĴ񣬲ˡ
ԲƵʱƵеԼ
һֻͺͺͺë
ëëûô쳤ɵëëѾȥֻ˲Ա֮Уȫˡ
кû͹صƵԼϷ˭һݵĵܵܶûˡ
ʶԣҲԲµһԭվȰ˵á
ײӦҲţȻǷǳġ
ŵеЦëºܳȵͲٻˣû뵽׻ô⡣
ſڰӲǼ˴˽ȥ
һܣһûгֻ춥ӻ򿪣ǲ˿Ҳ͵ʳ촰ȥ
û뵽вס͵סӰȴһܲ
һ֮ڴˡ
վſڣӣһŨ˳ëֿɰ䣬ЩƣڸߣڼϲŻ˯ˡ
Ųͷֻ˺ܶëϸӡ
˯һȫָ˻һȥˡ
˿ݽë˸ÿĴϸװǽϵװƷ
㲻Сܿ췭˹ȥ
һ̶ʱ˭Ҳ֪Ϊֵ֮Сܡ
Ҳ֪һ죬＾ʱ׿ʼѧˡ
ǵѧУȽԶϵΣûٸȥ裬ſڸߵȴ¿Ρ
̫ģһֱûҪ˼ͻȻվԼëЩȥ
ײͷСѯôˣ
ûشųצץŵ棬ʵޱȵĵذ嶼ץü϶ؼ֮ͻȻͣ˶һ˲䷢仯
ɫСʧһգ۾Сӡ
װһϽܵܵߣЩ˷ֲ֪رסĲӡ
򫣿
ӵͷغ硣
κ죬رƯƤѩѩף۾ִԲȼŻһͨ͸Ư
طڵȦܿٶȼܿˣǽվ̽
ŵøϽסѵԼ¹ϣ·Եܵ˵е󣬸ȹһӶס֡
򫿴Լͷ磬۶˷ܡ
ͳ죬Ҳӣλһһ㳤󣬵ȻٶȲһɡᱧܻܵе
ΪҪϿױΡﲢһҪʲô̬֣ԷʱҲϳԡ˿ԼĪЩûأϾҲб˼ڹϱΣƫԶϲδڵ˺Ұ³
ȵʱľһܲͷСܲͷĳ
Ӹ绳̽ͷŽĴ¶һЦ
Ƣ𱬣ʵܻԹɫرܻ˻ģʱΪ˴ӷظעصشȥ౷һ٣ף֮קܡ
ȷعʱ̶Ӱ
ڱˣ򫷢ִ˶ϲȥǣЩ˾ȹˡ
ת۾֪ʲô⡣
ڱˣο쳣Ӵ˶ˣ˺ܶ˵Ĵԣʲôòܱ˺ܿǻȱݻʲôʲôؼҪȥҽԺƣпܱ䲻ˣ˺п˻ͨ
֪̲˵ҲЩľû뵽͸һϲ
Ҳ֪ǲͷα˺ϲά˺ܳʱ䣬׾˱ԭεİ취ϲεӣǰʱΡ
Բ̼˺ܶ·ֲֶ͵Ŀɰ·ѻɽҵ껻װϷȤ޴磬ÿ컻һȫڲСȹҲϴʺϺȹӣƯĲˡ
ÿλ·Ҫȥ԰ڣֵֻС
ڱҲܷˣ˺ܳʱѧηУ򫼸˾ͻᣬһܲͱڿзڡ
滹ãռҲ˺ģһ˽ɳһץ˰ǽڡ
ۼǾôʢֱһѧˡ
ӣҲһѧѧͣкܶѿγ̣ȫռ
ŸһѧϰԪҲûţ˼һͣרչ̺ż
ͷѲûȫạ̃һֱԭδͩ
֪岻֮׺뿴£ÿ̶ʱȥүү˵˵죬ſǱ˯һ졣
ӹþãоʱţŲ䷢֣羹ȻѾˡ
׳˰꣬Խ£Ҳˣÿ춼ʵӣһ̶ͣס
̧ͷգܺãҹֱӿǺӣϸǿбϣһɫǵ㣬ͻȻеˡ
֪԰ô԰񻹼ǵô񈐺òã
ڵô꣬µĺۼȴ࣬ʱԼ˼˭ֻƬأϾǹ
Ԫؿգʣȥô
ŻعͷһһؾҪ꣬ʵ̫ˣ̶ѧ뿪źŲѧϰҪжˡ
֪ʲôԪֱӵԲǡ
̶СˣзͷѲڿţٲûǣʲô⡣
Żǲ̫ġ
׺֪ҪصҲҪţԵӡ󶼲ˣ׻ǵһЩǵһֱιʳ񈐺͹԰ǡ
ǵϷɴʱһĿ붼ڡ
ԾǾȴûôˣǷԪ޽Ŀþٶȱ֮ǰһҪһЩֻһ˾ͽϵ
ɴͣڰȵĵطԪ˷ɻص
ûƺһ仯ûôˣɫвһЩɫ԰Ǹ԰԰ƻһִ԰ԭ·ֹֿ㣬԰οҪŶӣͣŲλãĵ˵¡
ΧϷؽˣ滮СС¥ܸߣǽܿСķԭȵࡣ
Ԫڹ԰ϿշһȦԾǸ죬컹ůͣʪһƬããȫǳ˫ɶԵ죬нǧֻʪƺΪһЩ԰ȴǰࡣ
ֲʾAA԰Ըڴˡ
ǳֵϢûǵ
èǰһ԰Ĵ߶ֻ̫࣬Χסˡ
ûè󿴵ͷ̵ӰӣһȦһϿֻһİͷ̣ҵżˡ
ֺôȥԾֺǺǵظڴԼż˺ܶСֻֻһֱһûֿ
ƨɺʳϲҪԵֻn_ˣڰn_ȺһȦҲûŵζڶܿҵѾܵζֻn_ӦѾˡ
ž˺ܶܶΣÿǰϤΪԸȥʱľֻǰ
ϲ붼ÿһÿһֻ񶼱ҪԵ¡
ҲкϢֻn_˺üĺµļͥСn_«έȥʳϷ
׺ӸĸϷȥѰϤС棬ֲ̫ϢЩ˵ֱͷŵˣûп;ŵطԶˣ˵ʲôҲϸ
׷һȦһС鶼ûҵҲͻҲЩɻؿһֲϣǷˡ
׾ɥʧŻ޴ųһβҲצӱߡ
ëվڸ౰ο
ûиǴкûõֻ񈐴˸绰
ͻȻӵ绰־ϲٷͷĹ˻
Ǳ߹꣬Ҳ꣬񈐿ȥǰû̫Ծºͺ͵ӣԸоü࣬ϵҲʧˣڣһʽ
ųɵָϵˣˣ
ˬʵЦǰôˡʵͷˣһֱŲµңŷŹҲŹԼ
תס׵˵ࣺ׶ôˣôӦòǵˡ
񈐻˲䣬򫲻̫˵شչȥһûй񈐣еģϤУᡣ
ʲôʱģ
ոգͻȻ˾ͻ㿴ò
Ҳǡ
ŵǻ죬㻹Ըô
ͷ˼һ£Ȥӣǣ޹ңȥʶҲá
ŻҲвԭΪ˿񈐣ҪҲΨһˣΪҪ÷ֿԺܴһٺòˡ
˵Ǵ죬ʵתˣ죬ֻǼʶ޵۹ȽƼٻͷЩ;ò˵ʲô
ǳûź
һĿһµ˷ɴ
ŻؿԺˣҲԶļ硣
ֶֻһ磬ǿŴҲǣҵĵط
ǻؼҰɡ
ãؼҡ

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