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½Դ磬ȨԭУԤ

ˡߣ
İ
ף
1ΪѪģ裬ˬġheheִ˵㲻ġ
2ש⣬ȥģϣҶܷϵĿ׷ġ
3ʵۣУԺŮù൳롣
İһ:˲֪ù,߾й֮λΪŮ֮ʣɶҪ֡
û֪䡱һµʱΪĵģ⽫ڻ,ʱʱ̴̿ߡ
ֻ֪λĶšڵľ˽жˣҹҹΪ֡
룬һ̣һ̾ͿԳϣźʵۡ
ţµۻְת,Ҫʺ
Ҳءǡ
İ:֪Լӱ˵ֻ΢С⡣
΢޹ʣ޿ȲøŹŮ
ʮ꣬һֱ֪УǸõ˳ֵĶ
뿪ʱ΢ЦŶ˵ǣˣ檱΢һУΨʣģȴʵڲ׸ӵɽĺ˰Ӧȱġ
ݱǩ ж ֮ ÷ మɱ
ؼ֣ǣ䣬  ǣ  
һ仰飺ȥδޱ㽫δν
⣺Ů԰ǿȡƽصİ顣


1 
̩ꡣ
֮ѹȥ꣬æǻ߻Ρʿ½ָյķ١
귴ƹ󱻵±԰ɱѪ͸˻һ԰ĵȴøʢˡ
ա
УµĴ޹ׯ磬˼Сһͻᣬʱ䡣
»ʽ겻ʮ꣬ͼΣɫǰлңڱ߳ǾĥȻʽĻԺޡǻ֮󣬲ŰչأŮɣơ
޻ʺ󣬴޹⹬֮һʥ¡ףСǰ𱰷λУɫˣݣΧС
˳ԾʫұΪһκĵֻĹּ£մžӨ¶ˮ˹ķޡ
ĵѩòɫ˫
վԶСŮ޲ѣ빬£һμ˻磬̲ס͵ԱߴĹŮ㰵˺ü¡
СŮʹĵԹ
ʱһϮ
ȴһĸŮӿ̴ɫʮƫ£ɫƹȹϵأںڵ㷢٣Σʩ죬ڷһ֧ϴһԱ׹
Ĵ翰أɸһǳͱǰһ
üδɨˮ֬Ǻ촽˸ƣֻС룬һһǡƴһ㡣
˹˽СŮۣǵԼλ
˴һеĹŮ󣬲ߵĹŮ㣺λĸ
νȴûĽλˣѹż΢΢صǲǻùá
֮ףƷŮ٣й䡣
ΪŮ֮ףִ˾ְֱ֮£æǵȲóСӶδ˽ؼ
һȴҲĵһˡ
룬˴ΣǸʹŮ澰ˣڹǰҪϸֺá
޹δӻ䣬΢΢һЦѵùýǰʲôöˣ
ִ񣬹ֹ½һ飬͸軨磬Ǹˡ
˵գŵһСŮǰŵϻӴ򿪣ϻһ顣ϡ
޹ϸһۣ¶ʮ飬߰˷ִСӨ󣬱û٣ڹҪǧмСһϻŵĶ顣
޹鲻
鲻飬鲻顣
ڽȴֻʼң޷ֳֻˮԵŮǱѰȡ顣
оƷϳˣԲ׹Ө˿Ϊ顣һˮƽƸΪ飬顢顢ݿ顢顢˰顢з顢顣߷Ϊ䣬˷Ϊʳ˱1
䣬СŮ뿪ˡ
޹õıľ飬ԵСӶûݶʹ͡
Ľʢ衣ѵá
޹ʲô˵õ۰ף뵰СһűֵҲˣһͷҲɡ
Сɢȥ󣬴޹صУһŮִȣһŮȡĵĴŮҩҲȥ硢͡У顣
޹һ
ҩûɫľһƣ浱ԼǸˡǸ˳Ůٰˡ
޹Ҳǣˮ©˭ҲɱСʮй֣إ壬ȵ۵Ůڻ˶ˣȴŮ١ǸĽɫ
޹Ի䲢̫ȤҲలµشžǡ
ҩ˶ʮſ飬ʮһţ٣ʮš
¶ԺһˮƽŮɫ̫£ÿ״򲻶ظЪաƽʱʹҲҵһһƥƲκһλƫá±СӸơ
һа˯鷿Ĺ
޹Լֵϻе飬ʮĿš
мֵ⣬Ծѹһͷ
ҩƨ¶Ȼƫ
޹˼ദĳӣ˫շɺ졣žеԼ׺һĵı¼ˣضҪ
ڳ·
СŮŹŮ㽲ùá
Ů㽵ҵõŮٸãƾԼٺ»
˵ùȵʱƶ빬Ů̷Ȼʺڹѧ徭󾭿˿йŮ٣һ·Ʒñ¿ء
кǧŮ㲻
ɻ䲻ͬҲƽйŮһܴĿ꣬ŬŬҲ绳ùһӸλ
ǹŮǵĴ档
ͬҵĹŮ׷׸ͣǽǻӵ
ȻҲйŮ򱻻ʵ۳ҶϺ̫翣ȻùòӦЧµİ
óĹУƺ󹬹͵Ůйȴܻ
ǿȹǳ羴
Ϊù谮Ů٣Ҳǳͷء
ʱ˿̣Ůǵıʡù鷿Ŵ˶ٱͷĽŲһŽš
ƣ鰸վͷ˳¡
µӱ·ɰʣס¹˳Ļ䣬һ㲻еᣬһΪ޲֪ڴʲô⣿ȥͶ𣿡
ҹŮĴ޹Ҳǡ
侲Ĭ룬Ҳ֪ЩǼĿ롣
һʼ
λı¾Ͳʲôӡ
˭˽⡣
Ϲ£ū֪
􅱿¡ѭ浸صӾ֪ںԼͰ˵ʵ⹬Ůˡ
ǵ㴩·㴩𣿲ûɣûȡԸ㴩
΢΢һû̧ͷֻ߳ܵ˫ͨ죺ˡ
ףǺãˣ·ˣ޿۾
ˣ̲ס̧ͷĿյ
ЦʲôߵģĿûˡ
Υʥɣ
鷿̷̫˿ˣֻʣˡ
ָ¿ۣһһŵؽ⿪
ŰƵŮ·£߳ܿ½һһһһ㣬񻨰͸񷶥Ͼƻ㱻ӵС
ΪŮٷɣ߱Ĺһ˿ûǶ㣬ֵǵͱ¹ϣ˼ٿţϣȴʲôڲס˱ֱۣӨѩ֮һŸ뵰顣
􅱵һ˯Ů˱ǻ䣬˵һһģٺⲻ
ˣǿᣬһ۾¡
􅱸߾
췢ͣһֱƣҲû鷿£ԥ֮£ûֱǰݡ¡
ָߵ棬Ե˵䣬
˱۾ŰѽŴί֮а--ȥӭһĥ
ƲƲ
ڱǶǶ
Ƕָߵ͹
⹬еŮˣĵ


2 
˫۹űڻУǡĺĻ죬˫üӯᣬһ顣ϸ͸˺飬ʪܵմޱߣ۽΢ʪ󣬻ֹסϸ鴭Ϣ􅱲ϵҷζδ֬ȴ촽
䲻㲻ܣͷҲһ£ɡ
һˣ룬ŮǰҰⱲӾ벻ˡ԰ȥϴ
􅱲ϲƼ壬׼ŮУֻм֪ǵĹϵ֪ҲװɼϹ
ϴϴţִ-ת
̺ڷܹ̫С̫ȥˮš
⹬У˶֪􅱿ػ䡣
û֪˽ȹϵϾҪһŮˣα͵͵ֱӸ־ˡƽׯϽƣûʲôǷ롣
ÿʮЪں󹬣ݲ£ʱʱҪѻصسһ䡣
űµʱ硣
ӦǱڹеĵһĸ硣
ıʱ࣬􅱵ǻ廻һˣ֪սʱл䡣Ĺһ֣ܶΪźĵһȻʺĵģҲûעôһ΢СŮ
־ȡġ
ǵøһ˽ͨ¡
Ǹưõҹ
±꣬ͻȻĻУʪ߻߹һˣһ
ū澣ȻӶ
􅱱˵ҹ
Ҳȥ
ر􅱴һӲݴ˵乬ƫתض˵Ҫ˯㡣
ŵˣվԭأܾ˵¡񲻺ϡūūĸĹŮ
ʱȻʺź֪ȻʺѾ߻ѡɹŮվͻ˽֮¡ѵ߻ǰѾԼ˽ѧˣ
􅱲ƽװʲôأ
ʱˤڵϣֻѵҰһ£Ӱס֪ΪʲôҲҰɣһġ
㽫Լ͸􅱡
ŷ֣􅱴ȷʵᣬᣬھҵͷ
۵һ£􅱼ȻԵغ¡
֮һֱ􅱳걻߳ǣǶ˽͵-顣
ǰڹӦϣҲδܳ¡
֪õ˳֣ܹˣ-˯ǡӴԱᣬҪ֡
΢􅱲˯˯ô涼ԡ
􅱻˵󹬵Ů˯ҲµúܣйŮŮʷǲᣬʱʼ˯˯˶ãҪˮҪǵǷˡ
룬˯Ůˣó裬ĸָҪ⣬􅱱˲ʱȻζ
􅱴ûҪǳӣԼҲδҪ
֮׵йΪλܰѺ¶
ɣٰ󹬵ĲȫָͲˡ
һ-°ˣԡ£ˬŻְŮٷ˻ȥźСĵһ뻹̵ıèͷһ̾;ò
ü߹ȥ𣿡
ĵȺūǹⵡүֵõ
㲻ˣһɬı£üͷûһ£̣ոպãҾ㴵¡
֪ǿϢˣˡ
ҩؾ񣺡ûԸūˡյĹδꡣ
􅱶䲻ȵص޽컹Ƕ̫ᣬ㻹ߵö
̾ǰ黢Ҷ⡣æֻ֧ͣŰˣϧ
ѽ˽װϻУ˵ûȥźã»Ҫ㴩ٴҡ
ȴ룺ûȥֲȥǮһء
֪ܲϲãع¶֪ùʵֻսͭ壬ʲô鱦ι黭һŲҪҲжͷЦǸûƷλӡ
С˽λصй֣ȴ±Ƴè壬ǿֱ߰
·СŮ׷ͣ񣬻ùáá
ӶԽֻڷŮٲдС˽Ρ
ǴŮƶ̫-ʱ֮ף̣һ¸ְ֮̾˾ְŮңһ˾
Ϊй֡Ǿ֡з֡ʳ֡޾֡й֣һ˾Ϊ˾
Ϊйֵģ͡ԡ˾Ƶʺʹ͵£йλգȫȨþ
ܻʵأйжһݵƷֱϽ֡ǰδС
ҹ涼ʵ˵ʲôʲô
쵽λãиԺӣСŮѩ䡢ѩ
ˣ֪֮Լū澣οֽĹŮè㿴Ҫ˵ĻӦСͽܣƽʱðæ֡
ԡ£ԼҪź
һʮСڵСһʵɰǸʵҪɰˣŽࡣ
ѩһЩ˵ùãҪԡСһֱˮء
飬ҲõĹдû
ѩȻдˡ
׵ԡΡ
䲻źϴ裬ҪǱ˿˽ܲλĺۼ͡
ʱ֮ѩù˵ϴˡ
һűƼùֻһ°ɫĳۣˮѩڷִһ˿ģ·һ㣬ˡ
һСŮһͷһֱۡ˫Ĩࡣ
СŮĽ䣬룬ùõӿãȹҲˣԼСԺСź򣬻и챦ҽƵ֬õĶһһѩ
ǲ̫ʵֻǻ˵Ĵϸֻ͵Ĺϵʱ򲻺ųֻ˽¸һҽרźһСĳҲŷصصġ
ѩͷ鵽ùõĲһĨۣһѩƵġ
ѩ˵ùã㲱ϱӶˡҸҩһ°ɡ
ˮ
һںڳȫһ࣬ͷȷʵһС糺죬ѩ˸ҩµ˵ӲⱣȥ֪һûľָò
һҹߡ
ѩźϴûùñƽոϼ֣¶ͥ㣬ġ
任ɫйȹͷŮٹڣԤȥСŮǿνѧ
ҲڹбܹŮǳ羴Ե֮һع£춥ף߲ȵͣ£ֻлùôЩ޿СŮãǶʶ֣ҿŮ٣ڣ˽
֪˼أ
Ͻ̼ܶµĳŸó
􅱰ǸҲû􅱵Լӡ
Ȱˡ
źʮ꣬ûźһӡ


3 
СŮǶ˵ڻùÿŮٵĹ¡
㱻빬ʮʱϹѧѡ뿼ˣʮʱڱѡΪŮ٣й֡ǰйڹʱɥߪƷйĻʹ񣬷ӧ
ձһѧĿԡ
为ڱڿмලȺСŮǡ
ڻ俴ѣֻţǧģһǧڵ㼴ɡʱδɣʲôᣬǽʾ֭ȥѧѧԼ֣ʮڵдѵģʶĹŮû˻ˡ
ߵֲҪѧôࡣ
ʱУ˻ʺ̫ӵķīֻڻʺϥµ߻ڿɶ飬ÿҪ֡
߻ӵĸǹ澣һȥˡʺܳ衣
仹ǵСʱ􅱣ѩɰֺС֪ѣʺߵóĹŮɵؽС㡱˶˵߻ڻƢõġ
ɨأ̽ĴˣƫƧĹ䣬͵͵֦ڵддϰԼļ֣ˡ
ţͻȻͷ˵дˡ
һ
̧ͷϡ
ܾȣƽʱѭ浸ء֪߻ӾȻֻҰһϣ񲻺ϡ
С£ô
һ˵һСŮ͵ѧ𣿡
СȻūѧϰ֣ܸõΪ
ЦһЦҪô򵥵ֶдд˰죬һֱ
ְѻ֦
仹ΪҪ򣬺µӣȴ˵ҽôд˵ȥ𣿡
ʱżڴ˴
˴ղ
͵ѧһ֣Ҳװ˳¡
ϲ֮ǰдΪĽͽ̴ˣ􅱽̹һΣ֮ͼסˣûٴֽ̹֣һѧᡣ
дοе
պټ棬飬һǧġһѧɡԼûȥѧ꣬ȥÿһεĹѧǿˣԺŮ١
һ˵ū澻ԿŮ٣ڻʺߵŮ٣ǹټҷˣھĴ̫̫
􅱵㿼Ů٣ܱҡԸ⣬Ҳ㣬Ըͻҡ
飬򲻺ýÿ춼ĵزţʱŸó͵ۣŲĵطȥ􅱡
һأһû˽Լ􅱣һСʡ
ǡùϹˮշһָ߻ӣŮָʹȥ͡ϴһѷϣͰ͵һۡ
գ􅱸ʱͳһѣǸèӵĶҲҶſ԰ɡ
ĸҽӣæͣū澲Ƕѿū
˺죺ˣ֪ĹˡҸ԰
ֻսսذ߻ӸѶˡ
􅱻𣿡
ͷ
ͷϲ˵»ٸ˵úѧѧúã»ٸóԵġ
Ѷ³͵͵ǽߣһųС磬􅱷֮ƵǬ幬Ժ
깬ѧԣš
ţСƬ̡ѩ˵ҽƽż¶ˡ
ҽ􅱸ҽȵıҽķӣҩԴȵöˣ²ȣ鹬ǰСããÿ¶ḹʹ
ҽĴ䣬⹬֪ͱ˽˲࣬һһֱڶҲҽñָһ˵ľֻл䣬ʱԹʡ
ҲĦµ뷨һҪӵķӣһ塣
ҽ˼ʳһµķӣˡ
ѩѩһġ
һŮإ壬Ӧųޡ
ùýǲإ壿
ǻùýͿԳˣ
ùòɣҿˣҲԼŮ١
᲻ùùá
СѾͷ
ֹأ˵õǴ󱦾ͷǻһ˵ң˿ã£ڶ˵Ҫȹ̣ٵȵȡ
һһꡣ
􅱵ϻʵ֮ҪϻҪޣҪֲˣҲ֪Ϊʲôִ˲ƣ
ݻֻйһݹǮûб􅱸ŵĶˡ
ҹЩ˯ţγ¡
ʱң˯ԺϣһӾˣѹϣ¡ô⣿첻ȥ𣿡
ÿĸЪϢм¼ǵýӦֵޡ
ϥͷ-壬Цȥˣⲻǻ𣿡
ڴϣԻûܾĲӣɣЩСѾͷ˯أ
һһ߻֣䡣䡣
־ϸġ
ʵ¡
ʱϲġ
ϾҲǸŮӣϲˮ֮쾭֮¡
治룬þ֮ΣŽį
ڱ§ңҴһȥ͸
ֱӷҳá丹̣Ӧһǡĵʲôԣ˵㻰
뵽мռ䣬ûܣһʹҪһȥΪȡ֣Ϊ޲ðѻ䴧ڻУʱʱߡ
􅱴ڴβ·﷭һ飬ø䣺ѧһ¡
С׭дš񷿾
ӹӳ¹⣬ݲݷһ£ЦˣⱾ齲Ƿ--


4 
ѵõûǡ
􅱰ʲôˣ¥-ĸŮӻȥѧʲô
²죬ίܾūѴڲѧΪʱ
ûǶˣǲѧѧѧշڹأ㲻ÿضȱҩˣ㲻¿𣿡
Цˣ˳ʵҧгݵصллɡ
􅱸ĳʲôʹ˵лˣֲʹ󡣡
˵ʹ㻹˳˵ˣ룬Ҿһ绪ïأ
⹬УĹȣȷʵͲСĴ޹ҲŶʮѡ
ڹ⣬ʮ꣬Ѿˡ
俿û˵л˵ū֪֮ˣɫ˥⹬кĸò
ȥǲҹҹܣû»Ҫڱȡ
ȴƽĻѵõ¶ϧһˡమûʧ
˾񣬷ѹסĶޣ˳У޵Ļȴֻһ
􅱲֪Լʲôʱ˻䣬ȷʵŮӻڶ̣ʮѾСǸˣɫҲǵȺݵȤǽûȤ˯ˣҲţһ
ǰ仹˵ȥѾܾòˡ
޸ĸҲ޴ȥڹнʳĺãͣûмǲлǼˣ˭Ҫ
˯ʱߣź􅱻ۡ
⹬Ҳû˱ź􅱣ɲֹڴ-ϣ􅱵·Ьߴ磬̳𣬰ȵĲ裬ϲļҵıīʲôɫѣһ
ʮй񣬵ʱҷԴĸ綼վӣΪ˱ܿ˱߳أ̾̽ᣬб뽫ʿͬͬסһ֧Ѫɱؾǡ˵࣬ĸǵˣ˳رգ˳µۼ
߳ն
֮ǰЩ಻ס乬͵飬ʱ􅱻ظ˵䣬Ӱɡ˻زΨһĺӡ
􅱻߻ӵʱ򣬻ûηֱ˵⹬Ůֻܻлʵ۵ĺӣˣУôͣҪġ
􅱵Իᰲš
ôȰδ档ϧûӡ
ǰ􅱻ҪӴȥƥ
ֲû߾֣ҪһŮӵ£Ǳ˷֣ƺϴ塣ҺõʱѾŮ٣ԼסԱܿСǣҹ͵͵ߡ
ȵãõ߲ãҪ
лûʱ􅱲Ҫܹ˵ʳҲһӦɻ为ÿ۾͵ÿʼɻϻҪڡǻҪŮһǰͷˣô༫ĵСӶʼ꣬ûں󹬴죬
ػ޾ߣԲϴһ£ȥ˯һ
һ΢˯ͷ˯˳ʱ
ѩ𴲣ϴ
ͷ类ɢˣٵĳţϳ˵ĶӣѻѻйֱһѣȥҲ׵һᵽסмᷢ
ŮҲ컻ŷᡣ
һһࡣ
ѩߴߴʣùΪһƤ𣿡
ѩʱùõɫرã͸졣
չӣƤûиȴ⻬ף˫͸ǳǳķۣɫЩЧɣ˿бףʵҲһǴ
Ҫ£·һš
Ȼ̴ɫŮٷͷŮٹڣϴСĶ׹üЩõɫĿ֬һСŮƵġЩ곤δĹŮἵ½СŮ䲻ʣڴߵСѾͷǡ
绨ͣϸô磬СôƯҲáµĹѧǰµܵûù͵ۿ֬ʱùûͶأѩѩ͵ù
йֵĹѧ˶ùøɻ
ÿγ߶ΧĿɰСһŽ壬ò⣬ʮۡǹеҲûųڹУԽĹŮԽĹУһʱźòСŮô죿ҧҲҴ磬ӵķͷ
⹬ȥ磬ż־ڹѲ顣־СʿÿԶԶƼǣ̲ס鼸ۣδǰŵǷ˾Ŀ
ȫСŮҲѹסɫ
õϵһ¶飬峺
ӭ
ڰϵƷɽ˷صطҾɴ˺á
˷üۣͦΣɫ΢ڣľšڵصùúáɣҪȥİ£Ҫ֣
~~~
˳
ȥ޹š
޹ɢʳһ˵˵
޹ͤ˿Сʳýӵ׷ʳ
ţ֪ģĵ˻ϡ
޹£ǰйҹ飬Ҽò˴û뵽ùýȻѾʮꡣ
Ůʮ岻Ǹó𣿱ӣⷽȽϴģŮ˵¿ǺҪġŮٳ˻飬Ҳйְ
ϻ΢Ц̫ſѳɻ顣֮ٿɡ
Ůˣñ
޹Ǿ͵仰ӵ粻ýһλԶõܣΪТ󵽶ʮ껹δɻ飬о˹仳´ࡣ
Щװȥˣ˲ĵ˴޹֮У޹Ϊףųö¡
΢䣺аšġ
޹ѵü䵭һ⣬̫⣬ǲ̫ܵˣæǳ檶ˡһɱ
􅱷ǳɨˣǬ幬
·ʱһĨϤɫӰ
־͹ŮվţڹǽԱߣݼ
􅱿һۻ䣬ߵɽһͷ
􅱰Ѹϵͽûȥ԰ޡһȥҪˡ
~~~
ⲻҪңյˣҪЩʲô׼ȥڿ
ߵ·􅱽ߡ
ֻСȹȥԺ
С·԰
֪иεطʮʱĻᡣ
һɽС
􅱽Īһʯϣס°ͣ㷽Ÿ˷˵ʲôأǲǻЦˣ


5 
֮֡
֮ǰһ·żΪ£û뵽С¡
úЦûСЦڵʵضЦˡ
􅱺þûЦˣЦЦһСУ·һ㣬Ϻ˺죬ضŻ䡣ƽʱЦΪйҪȰˡҲҪׯȻ֮׵λá
һЦٽɣֻЦ
􅱹ͷˡ
ʮʱҲùΣ¾ȥȹס
Ҳ֪Լ룬Ϊ쵽˰ɡ
һ£Ϊѵ
􅱵ֲû
ô˱Ӻ޷ֻǸŮԿ裬קԼȹӣҲҪȥڿˣСѾͷǶڵңϲáź㣬òãҵʲôҲûѧء
˵һû¡ǻ˵㲻ɣ
룬ѧǲ˵йֵĹùֲֹһ˻ض
˵ףΪʵ۰£ʲô²ǰ죿ֲΥӡ
㲻ˣԼ·ˣ÷һԣİĶѨ֮Уһ¿һЩ
ʲôпһЩ΢㳵סʲô죿첻ˣ
ʱÿĿ˼ҳӡ񷿾мдò
֮״ŮԳ֣׳֪˥֪ڰĺ־飬⣬Ա١Ϊڣ޸ΥŮȻϲ˥ã
Կҳһ㼼ɣһԡ
еȤ㽥ƷζȻǰżҲɲʡ
􅱴Щգ˵㣬ػƽʱҪˣʵʴ---ꡣ
˿ͻȻֲ飬ƺҲȫǻ
ѾӰԼɾˣٽ·һ˻ȥŴһ룬ļ羱ϸӯӯһգ˫-ȴܱԱȥһѰãģͣ˶϶ȡ
􅱼ǵûʮʱͱԵĹŮҪãȻĶһĹŮϾǱȱʱ¸ʻϻ䣬Ҳ̫ӻῴл䣬ûڸʡ̫ȥʱһܣҪСŮֻ˳ֵ£ĵ
ԭΪϻʵ֮ܰģƺõŮ١
̴ɫŮٷѻĵ÷𪣬һƬɫƵ·ϣ􅱲ŰѿϣˣȷŹ㣬ȥ㡣ԱЦ֪ټЩӡ
ֲǺӣҪ
֪ˡҵĺɡǵգۣİ˽뻳һҪװޱϲӣֻһͨˡ
ϣǳٵˣʱ˶ڵδңŲæ·ʲô¶ûѼҪĶ롣
ջ㱻йһ״
Ǻˣ
һǹŮѼ˵СٷˣǰŮʱġķȻϢиҵţĸǾˣС飬ʫԣִҷ˽ύ뻳ŮĲһ
йֵŮУһǹŮԻΪףʮ꿪ʼһһ˿ģһǹ̫̫һй־йǱǵ๫ġ̫̫ݸߣȻŻ䣬ԻƾС
̫̫һֱƲ߱ĻѹͷϣʱʱҪɻǿҧʯͷ֣Ҳʲôᡣ
ⲻҵ©ˣýһ
¹ʣԻ޹ʵΪѵ䣬ŵطһµ
ĺѾˣ졣
ñ΢Ц
ʵۺٵǮûꡣ
պת۽􅱴һй˳ǰ̳ҡ
칬Ŵ򿪣ɰƥ𰰿е۳̫ţӴľƳɣװűʯ飬׺ʯƤʵסʹ
﷩̽Ѭȼ̿ůڡ
еĴ棬һŮӵӣʮָưź׹һԡ
⹬ŮҲʶйֵĻùֻû뵽»˻䣬ҪźС£ӦòƷйɣ
Ůˣ˳Ļʺ󣬾ֻӰһźĴŮ
ǰº󹬿飬ûдɣȻûС
ҲУһ裬һõģҪ˵Եʹ
˰գڵ˻ׯ
Ϣһڶһ磬􅱱һũм
˳츮Ӱ£ѾøʮಽѾȡϸΣ˾˴ϲ£ݷ硢ơסꡢء񣬻Сиֳػĳ̫ƽ衣λߡ͡彡˸ңִɨũߡ
ִޣַ磬ǰλݹٶǣţΪ과мԡ
ԭǰĻʵۣƩ􅱵ĸʣÿ꼮񲻹΢β˼˼߼ɡ
벩Եһµأѽ绻ʵʵ磬޼ѿ磬Ը򣬰Ѵ꣬Ȱũɣ
ӣһϱõĵؾǷģѸÿ궼̤̤ʵʵظһȥҪдʫ˴ȥָ
Ҳãȵλ꣬겻˳һǻ˳޺
ϡ
ҹڻׯ磬ԵĹ估ƷϵĴ󳼣ʹδѡũˡ
ǰֲȥѰ˼􅱽ضҪæҹԼ˹͵סЪϢ
͵סŽׯ˹ܣûʲô£˵ׯ˹䡣
ʱڣݣԴ
һ֦Ҷݵ
ܸŽȥͷʱˣʱҪŲʱ̫Сһվȣ˶ˣЦ˺üա
ߵҲ࣬һgᵽķҷл
ôô˻ͣ˵
׻У֣ūֻǻڼа︸ĸũ¡
􅱺һӾƣ⣬¸˼ֱ֣ס󣬰滹մŵͣ˫Ҳܸũ
ūʱƶСɻũ֯ūһӦѧ
􅱰§סԼסţźޡ
£ˡղ˴¡
ΪǣЦʣô˵
һöл´飬л䳤˼ʶԭ֮нᵱܿ硢ꡢ󺮡׵-ŮʱҲвͬ£ʮһкףһһкһкɱ--кʱļʩк١
˰ΣſЦ׵ţ˵ã޵ĻһƬȭȭҾ֮ġ
һͻȻᱧ󲽳ϵһСȥ


6 
ˣ˰ᱻֵģ
ƺˣøˣ־ͷְɣ˯Ůôˣ
񲻺ϣ¡
􅱿챧סˣҶȻˤȥˡ
˳һȤ䷴棬бȤζ
􅱰ϣ
̫ˣҧء
ôףҧݣܲӦ
촽͵Ƶĵ͵Ц˼ˣˣģռﲥ־Ͱˣϸţ˰ɣ
֪ʱǰװģڿ۵ġɡŮ˶ƻ˵Ļʮоžƭ˵ģ⣬ֻҪеĻΪ͹ˣŮ
֮Уܻ÷ǻ˵䱿лһ²Ժӣ밲ʱ͵͵ǸʵԺ󣬻׽ˣȣҲģط
һ£δ˵ζ֬ãٶСأ
˵ū澲ūĸǱ£˭Һͱ
Ǳһֻİĳһͷͺ󱳣ںӺס֮һֱ
ŪĶǻе㣬û£䵽ӱɫһƬ
յûû
􅱰ֵرúúãûЩŮˣֻǰѡ˭޵Ļ䣬ǶȲ㡣㿴޵жǵԺӣȴȥ㡣
룬􅱰ںеŮ˿裬Ǹ𣿲ǡֻЩŮ˸􅱵ˡ
Щܵ􅱵˵ѱЦЦū治ǰձ·ٺӣȷǽһޡֱºҳٵң
§Ц޵ĲԡңҪùʡ˽޻У
~~~
޹˯ʱ
һСŮڸȾָף޹Եҩ½վͻعɣ
ҩǡ
޹Ⱦָףſָ£ָ͸Ź⣬ԵϸԼָɫȾþȣѾȾ˺ö飬Ⱦ죬Ⱦ˺ü黹Ⱦò졣
һ뼦˿õصθĹɫûϴκãЩūôֶģ
޹⼸Ϊ꣬ԴϴýЩ˻ϲˣ֮Ͼṳ̂ԺӡȻջҲڿ죬ûټŻϣʵ޷Ħϵ˼
ǰռչʵӦеۺһ𣬻ʵ۸ʺ֯лûлʺֻлʵһǰ
֮ף޻ʺ󡢻ʹǹ֮Ůˣһ־ʺλá
ԼĶӣܸ֮һǵ»ʳӾͺˡӦͻʹʺ˰ɡϧ³Ǹ˾ӣ̰ĽŮɫÿЪϢҲᣬۣô
޹룬Ҳȵʱ̫࣬Ϊ䣬űź󹬵Ķʲôʱжأ
ȥԺǺã
²΢죬ЩūžͿµӣȳɫѡ
ɲ
±ʳֵʳ޹Ůʵ̫СԲĵλ
ͳһ˾Ļ䷢һ²ǣôס˻䣬Щ˵СȻҲ
ԣ޹ҩȥ뻳ʻ
һҩ˻ȴûػ䣬ȫΪ᲻Ļֻûڰ£øǣһйǺô磬Ҫ
ҩɫÿڨڨ䲻ڹС
޹ɫ׵ԭǳȥ𣿡
ҩȴйֵŮ˵Ǹűȥׯˡ
޹㶣ϵĲյһûȣȥһ졣
ع񣬵䲻ֻµװűһȥׯˣ
ҩͷǡ
޹ʱ΢ȥׯмĸӶûȴСŮ١ƺ̫Ծϸ룬ƺûʲôԵġ
Ů٣ֲӣ³еĹԱֹһֻЩȫǹҳƷϲŵв񣬻Ʒйƾʲôȥ
ǲ̫ƫˣ
޹˼һҩ˵ȥһǰ꼮񣬱ûд
~~~
׻˹
ѩѩ۰Ͱ͵۾ɰ
ֻúЦʣôˣ
ѩʣҿʻׯʲôҲʹһ𣿶Щʲô
֪Сëӻ棬صظǴ˵ׯϵزҲʲôϡ涫ŹӶѡ
СŮ˵ѾǺܲˡɰѺӸֻˡ
ֲ˶һСлӸ͵͵óԵġ
ˣС˯һ˽ѡ
һϻӹһһˮͷõĲ䣬͸ɫ࣬ʮ¡Ǵǲ̫ֻ䡣֪ģ􅱺Ϊ䣬岻ʱһЩʱ˲䣬ۼ
ͻҪģصùðµ½ʹ͡
֮󣬻ŰϿ
ʵǮƣǹʵۣ˵õĲǮȴֻӴԼ򰡣͡

ѩѩȴɣǼҹùʥġ
ա
ѩ䡢ѩСýȥϿΣŻù͵Ĺӡ
ѧǲٶǵһϿΣŻùû´ȥһ˻ׯĪ˵һ˾ع£ⶼǶһݵʥ衣
̫Ľˡ
ҲĽźùõѩ䡢ѩ䣬ƽСѧãŮѧҲΪס
ƾٵĸСŮҲ٣֪Ҫ£ṬŮź뻳ƺ⣬ȻȫĹŮĵǿɲɡ
ⲦСŮһϲȵΪס
ѩÿŹӳ԰˵ǻùôӻׯģϲȵЦ˵ǿŹӣʲôõģ
ѩùȥһ˻ׯءùˡҶĵģ㣬Ҫ㲻Ǽʱ´ùȥׯҹùá
ϲȵգڲԵʲôģùýإˣδˣǼ޲ȥ˰ɣһӶ޲ⲻûҪϹ𣿡
ѩ졣
ϲȵΪԼӮˣϹšϹš
ƽǻСҲûϲȵ֣عͷùþվбԼ
СҲֱ̫ڿˡ
룬ЦһСӼԡ


7 
䲻꣬ûѵʣ֪Ϲš˴ɺζ𣿡
ϲȵ֪ˣ촽࿣ҡҡͷ֪
ϹһزŮʳ׬ǮЩˣͻ޵Ůסһִ֮໥Լͷɳӣ̳һ٣ΪᡣԳŮϹšǡϹš
ŮӶѣŮӶǱּеġ檱ǲưˡϹһؿԼֵء׬ǮԼмŮкοЦأ
ϲȵˣСǺɫ
ıǳ֮СԺӣ⣬ǮԼûҪˣڹźǸ䡢̬ʵźˣûȤֿԣźһˡ
㵽ʱ¶ԳƹѸмִñĿ⡣
СɵûҪŭϲõˡ
􅱱ˡ
ڹѧǽԴѵΪȻ
ѵԣ磬к㣻ע޾ݡһ˵һΣ˵֮ţ˵ˮһϲ˵ĻһǺݵġǶû𣿡
ѧǷ׷׵
俴ȺСѾͷƬǶѵ÷ϲȵ˵١ǳð˾ҷٺԹ桷һٱ顣ڽҡ
ϲȵʵʵǣùá
ѩ쿪ʤ󣬶ϲȵЦЦٻֻϲȵù˫
Ǻ׳۾ƵģתҲѩ˵Ҳһ㳭Թ桷ʮ顣ν֮ԣв֮£ѡ
ѩһˡ
ȻʱǻУݴȵʱΪй֮λ벻˱ͷ
Ůһ·ѾߵЩôԸҲԽϡֻҪ􅱲λӾðȡ
˶Ľ⣬ʵѹûλã˭˭ԸˣڹֻΪ޷ѡ
һͨʩڹѧĶ۷
û̫ãҲֻǾ˳۶ѡ
ߺѩصϣίùôһ𷣣
ѩãùʱ̵ҪСԨı˭Ҫ԰ڣ㷣
ѩ䣺ãҰɡҳʮţţ
ѩùԼҲŲ㣬һҪ㳭
ϲȵѾʼԹ桷ùҲŲ͵ձдȥùÿ
ѩһվд꣡ߣ
ѩԺӣԹ桷
ɢֵ͸ӣСԴͷֱܱ飬ѩһĥݣˣ
ѩʮ˱ˡ
䷭ķ˺üų˵⼸ų̫س
ѩǰСһɥ
ѩΪŰװͰ͵Ҿ˵˰ɣдö㣡
ѩ
ЦԱߵ飬һͷġСѾͷ߯ǸɱɱĵӲǡ
ѩ䡢ѩСսͱŮһѩʹȴû飬ֻЩĴ⣬׽ѩ꼶Сľϸģǵ̫СܲԼ⡣
ÿ컳俴СʱԼͽദĳ֮жթҲҪõСãѾˡֻԸܹúû
ȾСɰΪǸеġ
Ц⣬ɫ࣬ÿοҺҽ㡣ҽҲŮ
ѩɵͷɵԵʣùõĽأѾ𣿡
ѩȴǲµʲôüͷ̵̧̻۽
赭д˵ˡʱʮꡣ
СѾͷ
СԴ˿ǳëùΪãḡȥɱ֮ùûһӵġ
ҹ
ڴϺЦ˵˵иСŮ㱻ץţЦ˵ûҪ㣿ĪҪġ
仹ԸҪأ􅱻мֳԾΪǰù̶ӣӦȥ޹ЪϢ
ʵ첻ȥ޹𣿡
ôˣ㻹ã􅱱Ů߯⣬޵һⲻѧùõİ취𣿡
񷿾ѧû
ֱ׳ص̫æˡſһ¡
סϸƽ̹Сϣð޽Ĳ㾹Ȼúð죬ΥְأҪ㡣
ЦҪôѽū澲¾ܷ
˺һϡ
Ǳߴ޹ؿշһһû˯Һý˴֪֮ЪǬ幬ûȥĸСԸпο
֮ܳ趼࣬ÿ¶һӣûȥԺӣԭ˵죬һȺüգûȵĽˡ
ֲҰѻϽ¸ǵû񣬽ճԷҲԲ㣬ԺĻҲòˡ
޹⼸˼УܾЩūѾʼˣʵ̲ȥҩȥ뻳䡣
ûǹ
ҩ߿һΡ
޹ӵūƹܺô˲𡣹벻һƷŮ١
ҩȴùñ̫̫ȥˡ
޹
ôÿضôɣ
~~~
ʱڴС
̫̫ʮȻʺʱѾӼʺ֮£ÿֻݷжա
һ̫̫ЦһԲˣЦ۾䣬Ǹɰ̫̫էһûʲô̫̫ӣԻ֣
ɲʧ񣬹ؾصд񣺡ݼ̫̫󡣡
̫̫󣺡񡣡
̫̫ЦСѾͷ̫ˡ
һظСˣʮ壬Ѿͷˡ
ǵ̷̫̫һԵһЦ
̫̫Ϊǣǰƹʱ򣬻㵽̫̫Уһ·˵ǻ̫̫ʵΪԱһͬ˰£̫̫󶼸ɱҲĿˡ˼ҷĺܣŲţûˣ˰Ľץ˳ԣźҲڳԣԺĻݲݣܳԵĶ޶ˣû为̫̫󻹿úóԡ
̫̫ǽһСã˵˳һҰˣθڲãǰǵҰˣ
̫̫󿪿յ㣬䵱ȻҪְһ³
뿪Ц̽ϲĪԸڵСÿ¹ܳԹܺȾ͹ˣߣӡ
ڴɻҲǮ࣬Ҳû˸ҵ
̫̫һ仰􅱾ҲõТ


8 
̫̫Це˵ôܸɵĺӣĴǴСã
ƨôأܸڵǻҡ
ĵ̾ûнʧ¶⣬΢Ц·ղ˵ֻǷ̫̫Ц
Ҫߣϲ˰ɣҪҲġ̫̫Ů١
ƤһѼϼܰˡ
̫̫󣺡ÿգԹزˣ˵˵
Ҿǡ
˵Ż̫̫ʰ
һذ׽Ƶֱ£ɫȹĳܽع٣ݣ磬Ҳؽһͷ棬羲۳žϻعнΣ􅱱£ʱ
Ĵ޹ͬӵ͵֮δޣƺǸͷԸ񣬴ֹʱ˵ǸĲŮŷ˵̫̫׽ո̫̫󳭷𾭡
䣬Ҳδȣк䡣
̫̫ˡ
ϳղûʳѧڼʱǸܸɵСÿնҪڳ°Ǵϱĵãƽͷգֲʲôɽ亣ζҰС˰ˡ
òˣ̺̫̫ţǺһԣɺź
̫̫ҪС˯һ˵˯ȣ䣬𾭡
ǣΧʱÿո̫̫𾭣˶Żˣûƽ
Ը£ڣڼʱѧѨλĦĸߣҲһɣ
̫̫󿴵ͷβˣЦϹͷǵʻˡ
һһĦʱ̫̫˯ˡ
ŵ£һȥСá
̫̫˽СãЩСҲѷɫˣеʽԺһͭ㶦ȼ̣һűƼ䣬һ䣬衢Ρֶ࣬㲯ףһӦȫ
ȻӲ𣬵Ȼ·ˣҪһ¡
Ϲ£ϵƶԷͷҴء治ϧԸҵﰢͶ̥һѡů
ڲĴ³ϰһƿһ֦ײ衣
żѧŵز鿴Сã׼뿪
ǰⲻһˡ
ù̣ݷʱҲȫùҲŷ𣿡
ǰöѡ
俴һϺķ𾭣άֿá𣬻䲻Ǹӡ
ǫϰֻѧƤëˡ´ʱ䡣
ֻǸ䣬û뵽죬ǲ˸һϺ
п֣
ţ仹ǳں棬֡
􅱼ЦôͻȻʼˣ
ֱ˵͵ģҷ¶ѡ
􅱴Ӻ汧סд֣Ҫ޿Խ㣬ʲô
Ʒÿһ⻬ļÿһں˳ķ˿òѧʶĵλ졣мֻ˼ŮӵĽᣬҲѹ֣ѧֶõľ顣
䱻ץ֣ʹŹ֣дҲŤ˱ʣ˵ˡҲûʱ
􅱵㣬ôѧѹһث֡
ɲֻǲЩпֵĻӹŮйܵÿˡ
յǸѧġ
􅱼ԼÿɰĶҪˣ촽ѧ棬ٺúý̽㡣
ɵˣΪҪѧ֣·ŷֲԾд֣ĥޡ
úõһ֧Ϻôװ׷ˡ
ѩ֧ʱˣùã֧ʻǺõģӴ𣿡
˫շɺ죬ɫǣ֧ʲҪˣ˾ˡ
ѩ仹ǲãҾûúõģΪʲôҪӵùãǸҺòã
ƽСѾͷҪһЩõĶ͸ˣȴУҡͷе׵˵Уˣ
ǱûҲǸѩѩ䣬ÿ֡
ů
գִһƯСﾭ⹬ʱС¡
˷ؾصصùãɽһ˵𣿡
˵ûܻ䣬ֻ΢ԶýǵĶԻڴ֮ͥ£ʾװף˽-顣
Ϊǹ£ʣСк£
˷ͨ죬ʵùãҡ˵Ҫˣ
ݸһЦ꼻ţ֮żֻƵЦ⣬˻Ӻν𣿡


9 
˷ʮ꣬δȢޡ
ƷɽΪϵ䣬ȵʱǽͳ죬Ϊȵˣɷ֮»ʵǻ֮󣬵ûҵĻ֮Ҳᵽ־УʾʶѧԨԴճڣһҾĸףҲλá
ΪɥТ꣬꣬ĸҲȥˣТһ꣬Բŵûмҡ
˷ÿ͢Ѳ顢š
ʹׯϾĬһȥԶǲͷߺǽÿεîΨһڴľңңؿһۻùá
ϢʱżҲһĹŮĸģĲʲôʫ¡
һλ۹ҪȢһؼҵҪѡ˭
Сѡ˭
˷˵ҡѡùá
һֺӱ
ùúð
ùͱɡ
֪ƨŮש
Ϊʲôѡùð
˵
ǻ𣿻ùȺİ
˺Ц
˷죬ҲǡɵϷɴڵĻһػഺСŮ·ǽڴ죬ѴѵĻܰǽͷмС̴ɫŮϣһܰѴ䡣
ù⹬ϽŮ٣йһ˾Ůٵĵ䷶δйʲô֮٣ϽʹżҲĿбӡ
һ䣬;ڣƵĹڵŮӡ
һۣ;ÿ
Ц˻Ӻν𣿡
˷˺þãһСçӶߺˣҡҾŮٶô˵ҲǹŮʮ壬ɳ𣿡
䷢˷ֱˣһЦݣллСֻҥ䲢޻޵ĶʲôˡҸĸҲй鴦
ļϣܳĽë㨵ϸϸӰӡ
˷ͷһϧѣһѪֱԴ壬ѿڶҡԸһ鴦
䲢δţƬ̣Сʧˡ
˷žԼƺ˵̫ḡˣղѡ
£ˡ买ʩһĹٹһй⶯һŮмζصѧ֮УǹµشӵʩʩȻȥ
˷ıӰȻʧ
Ȼؼ˵ĸװɡ
ǵй£إ壬Ǹó
֪СŮһֱ˽ڴδȥסǲ⣬ô􅱵ĶУð̽һ􅱵˼ֱ􅱣һаɡֻû뵽СȻ
ҥԽԽ㣬еǰ˵Ǻ󹬣ںߵİ´˹ǵĺԺ̫̫֪ˣصλƷŮٻҪˡ
޹˵£ɻ˵⻳䡭ȻҪˣΪαἰ£˲ã
ԭΪΪĪΪҲֺ񣿡
޹ĥ£ͷ
й͢ѻĹҲԵֵҪû޽ңڹейõģǹٵƼ̫̫Ҳ޷еĶ꾭Ӫݸٽһ
Ů٣Ȼʺ󴦵ȵʱŮ٣ֽŮ֮ף󹬵Ůܼңµ۵ĺ󹬴һ˿ҡ׵δʲôְ꣬õһй
􅱵ҥԣûϡ
ȥģļһͨ˼ңͽıڡĸ˫ϼҵ׿ɿס翿סҲڱ빬С
ͣҪ
ŮӶʮͼˣϵʮû޵ǶûҪϹˡѾɵʮˡ
ֻһ䣬Цתͷͣǰ¶Ϲǿ䲻˵𣿳޿
䰮䣬Ҳûƣ͵͵Ūһׯźüտʯĺ϶͹ȥÿվ͵䣬Σ߻ʼҹ·ÿõͻ䡣
˸̴ţжô
Ǳ˵ƽˡ
˼˵ȵȣһ޲ĺװţ͸䡣
ãɵ˲Ҫء
ƽ􅱵壬˵壬ʵѾǱȽԶףûʲôϢ䲻ɣٺ»ûϢҲûϢĺô棬Բ֮бҲ޴浳ǻʱҲ֧
􅱶廹кøС
ƽʮԪǰȥδȢ
һƽ£һɫϬ΢󸹱㣬òƽĻֶӳò
ФĸףĸԭСŮʮʱʹβҲڲס֮ɫһձȵżһٻ֣ϧձҴͥдĥӹǻˣº֮档һ۵ڻӹ֮ģȵ۲Żмģ͵ʺϥ£ȳɡ
ƽԸߣŹؾʰ
􅱾ϲ֪֮ˣˡ
һ¶Ůһһʣк£
ƽûʲô˼̹Ȼ֪ҵķ֣ǰȥĸѸߣҵĶϱֲãָŮ
􅱴ʱвԤУº͵ʵ޻δýˣ⻹ǵһҵҪˣ
ƽй䡣
û˵Ų˰벽ԭǰָ΢΢Цô뵽Ҫֻ䣿
ƽ겻ҼҴʻŮ̫С̫󡣳ͣȢʮС񻰡йǡõͣإ壬䣬ô񣬱Ҫɷһ䣬Բ֮ӭ򲻻
ĵҧгݵƨһͷӣҵĻˣҲ򿴿Լ
ʣŲ˵ҼôԲ֮ӭ
ƽ⡭Ͼй·ģȢ˻䣬㲻ҡ
􅱿ûġ
Ʋû֣ɻֲ䡣
굽˼㣬û취װˡľã֪ˡƷŮ٣ǷǷˣ޲ʹ˵Ը
ƽߡ
􅱵ͷ̯ƣðһָֻ촷ۡ
ָֻҪȥͬһʯϵģһ𣬱ܿһԡ
ʲôʻԸʹȥ˵䲻Ը⡣
ʻ䣬϶Ը⣬ǵɫ˥ã
룬ʵһӣƽӵķĨһĨһ
žϣ¸롣
ض£û˵һ仰˳Ըˣ˲һ⹬ⶼЩȢ䡣
һ֧̽ţר˾鱨
룬ԭҪȢ䣬Ҳֻƽˣ˭Ҫ
ûգһϣֹƽȢĻ治ֹһ
侲룬խˣ˻䣬ЩƷй䡣
ͷϣŷ˴
􅱻Ͽ˷֣ʱмִ⡣ЩˣΪ˹»ԼŮ˶Ͱ͵ȢǲҪ
ԽԽһڡ
໳Ҳֵˡ
􅱵ѻй
Ӧ£û챾ӦǶҪȥԺӵӡ
ֵ磬ȥһͰˮ´ʱԡһ룬ѩȥ˵ȥʥ
С̫֮ڵĵ
˵͵Ѿã􅱻δϰȥĵְ칫µĵطǻɡ
ͷδɣϹٷҴˡ
ѩѩǲ
䰲οǵʲôҪҪԸùȥȥͻء
ټĻʹҹ֮⾲ס
һ·ߵƫţСԵƣ·ͥԺİûˡƵ̫ൽĵ⣬ߵüЩ㺹졣
վſڣפ㣬ְؿڣƽƽҵĺȴ
߹Цеùúá
޹
һž޲Ļʱ˿ڶݣüŰ˲ʱˡ
޹
ûȥӵ޹Ƕǰ죬Ӱˡ
ҹȥ޹ʲô̸
ĴĹ£
ؽ޹
ѳµᣬ⿪٣ɢڳһ໨ӣ´ľ죬֪ΪΣûţվڷУһţƼ􅱡
űϵͷһ
Щգǲܸ˯ϵĽ޹􅱣ع¶֪һˣ
ִޣδŮ̬װģİڳŮټӣʣкҪ£
􅱵䡣
ӲͷƤ߹ȥɴй񣺡ҡ
􅱶ŭգƹȥֱӰ˴ӵᵽ趹
Ц㲻ңʲôңҪһ£Ǵȥ޿ɲܸɵĻǲԸ⣬ܽ˵£
촽ͷ
˱ǵߵ齱ߣԴֱؽӵϣˤıϣۣе£ľսص􅱡
Ѿ˴˫۽ڻУϻһ㣬ѹͷùÿѡɾ


10 
˶Ƣ
֪Ӳⳡĥֻһع¾ͻ֪ǻʵùŮˡ׷ӭίȫôȫԼй
⹷ʵۣÿζ˵㻰
˵³֮ƭװû˵ˡ
˵֮Ĺϵɱ֪ȴҹеĵ޹
ðɣ˲ʲôǣֱ􅱣ĿȻһұ޵üۣѩ뻨գ˵òɲǼ˼֡
Цһ˰²λ
ҲЦˣ룬Ůˣй죬ʱǳˡϽ͡
􅱰·ˣϣһ־סֻϸ󣬿ͷ޲£޲ĸǡ޾Ϳĸ˵Ҫʵ۵Ůˡ
􅱻ûĵ-ҹ
仹ǵһµ-Ůˡ
ҧɣһȥˣѩѩĵġ
֪֪ɣҪǵģҸ㻻СѾͷ
һֱðˣЩū澵ڵвݽ棬ˡ
ˮһһҡεɫʣɢң羱糺죬㺹乣ֻһԣ۾ͷҰɡ
˵꣬ٲ􅱡
֪Լܴ治ʱû˽̹Լĥ治룬Ϊʲô͵أЩ˰һ
􅱼һǿʵļ٣ŮҰѱ׽
􅱺ѵΪЩĸõģǿеѵǿеģйֻҪ㣬Ǿͻġ
⣬۾·˵Ұɡ
䱻ĥ˫ʪ۽糺죬˵ǰ˵ˣõǴ󱦣ͷҳؼҡһʵۣԶţ
Ȼ􅱵ǻ֮;ϣã֪̫ˣ􅱲׷ߡ
ڻ
ǵʱûģСŮӣ􅱱ڻʱȴеΪСɡ
кö̺ۣһһŶģȥ˱֮߳ÿ϶̡
ŪأЩֵǰû˵ɣͿʼˡ
֪ǹңǲǣѡס
ܺãĿĴﵽˣҺ
ʣ
Ǳ֪ŮˣҵйλðˣԺӰҹǣÿյң𣿡
¶ŮҪںиԼԺӣܵ谮
ͻ䣬˵Ҫشһ
ܾԼ־ûֻǰ̫ءᵶӣŮ˸ǰȴֶá
˵ЩȢĻʼٳ裬סŵŮѵͲֻǰĻʵ֮
ֻлỽɡɡ
􅱼ǵʮ
ǰʻ䣺һˣ
ֹ˵˻˵
􅱾֪ʲô˼ˣˣعѣ֪𣿡
£ֻ͵-飬û֪ҵˡ
ɰˣӰɡ˻زΨһĺӡ
żˣƾ˵˰⹬Ůֻܻлʵ۵ĺӣˣУôͣҪġ
􅱵һᰲźõġ
ȷʵҲˣ仳УԻ֤кǻѪ
߽ຮлˣҹ֮μһСӣ룬ˣôǿƻŮһܰѺ룬аĺһ۶ûء
μ뾩ʱ¡
£һ˫Ь
Ůˣ뾩ʱȴվԶҾ廳顣Ůˣȴװɺ޹ϵվýЩ𶼲С
һȺµŮվһ𣬵ֻԶԶһۣȺзֱɫȹЬ¶ż⣬͵˫Ьӡ
󣬻俿Ļ§ס˵ܻžͺá
ǽأš
ֻһΣûд㣬дˣֻа֣
Ը
ط
ųסһ˹㣬һֱĿڣѪ͸ˡ
룬ûȥ䡣
²ˣ仹
εغҴñ£ӦһССŮ٣Ҹʵɫ
䲻˵
ֻٵݸ̨ףһɡˣҾԭ㡣
ĳ֣Ҫ
ǿİ͹һ
ôôڤ粻Ůˣ
յʣʲô޻𣿡
лл³谮ūס˺󹬣Եͬһ¡Ȼ𣿡
Ľƫ⻰˵ãȥֱ̣ááҲ᲻ô򷣡
룬ɡֽܲˣֻҧгݵصڷй֡û֪ˡĻȥ˷֣˰ɣ
£ɫˣæл¡
ô
־òˬ
ѱڴߵ·ϡ
ֻ˼ӣ𵶵ڴ߿·Ȼץס󣺡˺ãޱɱ
ûˡ
ſңٲȥҪˡ
ҹɫҴһԼйСԺ
ѩѩ䶼û˯صһţСѾͷ㷢ˡ
һҹδ˯ʮƣԸóŪЩˮ
С絽ˮź
СöȻǸľѩùã𣿡
һͲãͷϣ·˺ˣͷͽģҲû룬ͷҷ͵͵ˡ
ֹѩ䡢ѩ䣬г羴СŮùʲôʱǲŲšһ˿ģʱǱң
۸
۸ùõˣ֪ȴ֮ڿڡ
˵˯ţҴ걳ɡ
ǰĽùһۼ·ſĿĵ糺ۼίʵˡ
ԱȽϴֱ
쳣İ
ֻˮ졣
ѩСʣùãҪȥ㵱Ļһߡ
ҡҡͷ
ѩǱƢʵǱﲻȥˣߵʣùãϳ㣬ȴλ𣿡
ǣ²򵥣˵塣
ѩΪʲôҪأ
һ߾ˮŲһĵ˵еӶڸвһߣרҧŮˣҺע룬еŮ˶ٲ·ˡ1
ŹʮСѾͷ¶һͷˮֻݿֲη塣
ѩӣᶨ˵ùãһ㱣ܡ
ѩҲϸϣҲģһֶ߱ˡ
~~~
Ĺ
˰ҹŵƣһμǣûȵˡ
ȵʱҪһǬ幬̫֧һ˵½ҹΪµ飬
СŮʰʰ׼˯ȥˡ
ԴĹŮݺʱŸǲˡ
һ£ԣӣ˵ʲôʲô
űʲôµ˰ɣǰûȥ޹ǣ֧ᶼû֧һ˹֪
Ҳ֪½ôˣһˮǶ˲ƽ

ҲԼƫС檣ֻҲƲĸȻ´ᣬʱдʫܸоóûϲôǴ޹˭أ
֪ദģ
~~~
λ˵㻰
Ȼƽ˾
Ļʵۣй
ǱûͬǰһȥĹҺˡ
ѩСŮ͵͵ۣǲǺʧˣҲ˵㡼ȵǸĵĵ֮һȣԵõΪǸûʵۡ
ѩǰҲΪ£߸˹
֪ûȥΪ۸ùȥˣ۸ǹùã֡
ѩ䡣
ѩףҶá
ѩǵԼսʱǴģ˵ٻٿڡ飬̹֣㱻ȥѧ
һμùãùó鵽شһǻǵúöЦ
ùĵһһ˵ǻڽ̶ˣҲߵ࣬ȴù˵˭ЦʲôЦѧϰܱЦֲиظѧˡ
һīǽģٽϹѧ
˵һ׼Ĺٻ˵õġ
ôõĻùãȴˡ
ѩҲͷɥù˵ɣ࣬ȡҲ˵ġ
Сǣֻ֣ԼС
СŮǻ࣬ջ£˼ձˣĵԶơ
ϲȵ˵ʱ״Ԫۡ̽һν֣Ҳʣù𣬺ò⣬һڲܳСѾͷĽ
ϲȵ˵֮󣬱֮󣬻ҪԷء
ȥ֮ѩʻ䣺ùãȥԷ𣿡
ͷȥ
˵һЩԷ顣
СѾͷû˯􅱴ӺΪҡڵˣŵˣϽ°ݼ
􅱵ǵ棬§Żȥˡ
ţ˵Ӷأͽ
ֱ׳ǲǶѾ֪ˣûϵԺ޵ǿ߯鷳Ҫ˯㣬СŮˣ
Ĳ档
ʣղǵԣôæʲô
􅱵ⲻҪȥԷҪҪȥ޴òãˣԷס죬ɢɢģ㲻Ǻȥ𣿡


11 
ԷǻʼԷͻȥ䲻ûȥ
һᣬһԷ£ĵ룺ʲôɢģԼȥɢģ
ͷæգµ񣬱²ش
뻹мڴ􅱼ղعңڣ
϶棬·˽ģ􅱻üò룬⼸ˣ⼸ҹ˯ȣȲҪ߰ɣ
ҡ
ûȵϣͰ˰ˣֱҪ븹޲ðһ㣬׵ÿ촭̲꣬ਣƵصҲôⰡͬ˵أ
˵Żӯӯһյ֫һᣬͰ˱ţ־Ҫȹ
ץסԼȹӣüˮˣ·ҪĻñź
£Ϊɨˣȴ˵޻ûôء޵ʲôˣ
ЦɲѵǲŮɫ˾Ӳɣ
Ҫ⻹δȵأְֱӱȥԹţˮңʱʮձʱ²
􅱷·ĵ޹һһڴϣЬӣ΢΢۾Ļ˵ˮ
ظһ飬Ӳص£檹ˮ۲ࡣ
􅱵ֲ⡣
ֻ˵ūźϴš
􅱿һۣ˰ɣ㲻ˮ𣿡
ѩϴˮ֮ǰ׼õģůҩġûôؼϣС٣Щ˷ִ磬裬־Ӧ񣬶ʱ飬ֻȹϵСϡ
⣬ȴҪƲȥ̹ù𣿺ϡ
􅱹ЦСѾͷǸɵ𣿡
һӣ˵û£ǹùϴŰɡ
һµؿûЩ˼֮䶼ԶˣʲôúߵģЬ¶һ˫ѩ˪˫㣬ֺˮ棬¶ȣؽ˵̺ɫˮС
Ʒ˫úãᣬ䡢ֺÿɰԴЩ
䲻˵ûԼĽźÿСʱ򻹹ѾܣСŮʱÿҪô·ŰӲЩź·ء
Ҳţڻķ»£ϴ˯
Ķ㵽棬ҲӺ汧סʣ𣿡
˵ţһֱֻСķ̰㣬һ˿˿͸ƤֲڵŤŤ˵£Ū
ЦʲôģֲûմѪۣû
ǰһأûˮ
ʱ룬ƻŮǲԼ͵͵˱ҩĻ뻳ӣǻˡϱˡ
˴£ʱܹҽǲˡ
Ȼū澺˱У
룬Ī􅱸ȵĲǱ뻳أ
􅱣㱳ﻻҩҲ˵
ūûСūһֱ˼ÿζúúҩһβʣ
􅱣
ҽҲûֻί˵ʵûϲļ󡭡ӻ̫ǳ
˼գĹˮ㵽ˣʧ
С˿㣬뵽ǰЩʱǰȢˣЩꡣ
룬ҪôһӰɣӲУе֮ǰӣǹԡ
лСԪ˻䣬һŮҲɻһӦͻ˰ɡ
􅱵˺һ뻳ӦתԼŮӶˣȴƽ೤ĺ
ʧЦ˱ڻҲ硣
ǰÿˮḹۣȴûкۣࡣ
˼ȥӦ􅱸Ǳ񷿾Եʣ˸ַ£лŮϢ޵ķܽ˰˯ÿ˯ǰһ£ȷʵ˯øˣû뵽ˮҲмᡣ
գδǬ幬
μӵԵĿʱ빬ɢްݡ԰䷢⡣Ѳӿݲݲ鿴ľߣ㰵ԼУĺܾƾַȹմ棬ٴġ
􅱶Ĵٳ̣ȡľʷ֮Դũɣ֮ʵߡ
ٽõϡ
􅱿Ԫ
̽ǽϿͬԭǵڰˣ伮뻳ͬ􅱶࿴˼ۣϸϸ֮󣬾ô˶رʵᣬإ꣬ʮԭʹһºӵܣ㽫ߣ˸̽
֮ԷŰ¼ȡԷ
ԭΪϻίƾܹӦỹȥ
ûϵ˵գֱ
ֻó˽γǰԷ
Էھǳʹ벻Զ˳Ŵ֡Թɹְءʯԭ԰ӣ԰ȡԷڣʮɣк۲¥䣬νʯţӯзƽľ裬ϵؽɽ㡢ĵɽȵȣһ㣬һƬ塣
ڴ԰һ硣
ʱȻϣǽһ³ͤ¥֮ϣ;ԼԼ˿ִ
Է̣鲻ܡ
ͷнȥһϣһȺȿֺؼһš
~~~
޹һֱʹ˶ŻĶ֪ˡ
޹ǲţ´ȥԷˣȥһйڻʹпңʲô
޹
˼ȥñ뻳˽һ»пܣӦûమ䡣һҲ˷࣬ݻʣȻòĲûУ಻ѷɫʤ֣곤ʮ꣬ƣʮӸۣĸסֳʮʧˡ
ȴ뵽ǰһԶݽϿסҵķԺûӣ˸ûûֵͨѾͷչʳסУҲչ˴֮¡
˰ˡ
룬ѹֻǰˣֽй֮λ׾ɫɣǹŰģ󲻳̬
һֻĲ²⣬ֻǾĹϵ
޹ԼˣйϵΣһ˰һŮ޷ǿ֣ضߵ֡
һůĵŮˣֶûжڱжٷ
û˼в
ѵǸĻ仹ܵʺ󲻳ɣ
~~~

Էסա
߯ģͻԹ¿ڹȤÿչ񣬻ôСëѾͷΧ
􅱻̴ŮԺɢ㶣ʲô
£ū͵Ϣգɻٺ
Īջ𣬺ȫûƫһٺ
􅱰Ǵ԰
䰲һȴ˵ϼңÿգҼҺɽϱῪɽҰĶž黨ҰժƳ֬ãǷ
˵գƺ􅱵˵мֲã˵ܴȥͺˡ
ʲôÿҳûˡ􅱾Ů˿治ʶôһʱ˵ȤǱعɡ´Ҳˡ
仹֮أ˵㻰
ԽԽس̵·ϰеϡ
ĵҿ

ֻǰһ·±һֱҧأҳ
􅱷ˬһ
ع
􅱰רָĸʥҽ˵ıͣˣĳ̲ҩ
ҽӦ£˷Ըһ㶼⡣;óһգű´ŮӶͬ
˵ȱʱÿѮʱϵŮ̥£̥㲻Ҫ
ҽڵ£йõıҩҩԹǡ϶ѡ
˵Ǹ֮𣿡
ҽɪɪؽ߾ȫһʱùõ
􅱵ꡣ
ҽͷʪһС棺ǡ
ա
󣬻䱻鷿
̯ŮС࣬Ա߸
䣬⼸Ů֮У˭ʺ󣿡


12 
һʵŮ١Ľ-˭ʺ
˧֮ʺ
侹Ȼһ㶼⣬ȫܸɳ¡
಻ηߣǰߵ􅱵ϣ􅱳ɸѡļλŮӣǧ֮
䰲ÿȥ˼һһһ飬渵صҵŮ游Ǹϣ䣬Ϊ󣬿£ˣνŮ󣬿մ˲ȨСǼ֮ŮȢɵþҵ֧֡˿ĸҪѡλ
мֿ⣬˵úѡŮʵþ֮𣬻ɫȨ

˵꣬ЦһΪ޿ÿ˱ĺô𣿵ɵ𣿻һѣ
䱻ҲţĵǲȻ˵ʲôһСŮʺҷң
􅱵㽫ĸҲҪ¸ɻġ
䲨йоصصģǻġ
ʲôѵˣǰ˵Ϊ󹬳Դףǹ̽ǸñֳԴףǲԴأ
ˡ
δȵ˭Ϊʺ󣬻䶼˽Դףһᾡʺ󡣡
üԥض˵⻰˵ˮ©Ϊȴô̶
ԴͻȻðƵ뷨绳⼸λҹļĸԵһҲԣΪˡ
ͷһðԼ΢һ
̫ˡ
ôأ
绳ļôܻСС;ͽΪūΪ澣ҲʶҲ׵شӦԼýϡ
򵥣ʹ˲ˣûʲôΣͨϰգʮ˴δˡ
Ů˵Ҳ֡
˵Сƽ͡ԲѵƷλŮ˭ܵʺ˵֣СŮӾȻ治ԼˣȻƾĻ󣬼֮޷ȵ÷꣬ʮ꣬ʹҲǲܡ
ȴ룬⹬пҪлʺˡ
ֵ׳꣬ǰմߴʲôһ޺ȥΪλðλʺǸܸˣ¶ӹȥ
¾ٺҲû˸߶١
ʺǸƤӾľ͸ˣ붢סλϡҹԼյִڡ
ֻԿһϸ룬α¼ɡΨҶӣʵ̫ܱһŮѹס
Сʶ􅱣֪ܲ􅱵ĹƢ
ĸСҪڻʺǸװģġװ˾ӣʵ˹ܡ
ҲƵŮ˾ˣСʱһʱйѣϲܰ˽ȴٻ⣬ɲδĴ
􅱣޿û˵Դף㵹ȸұ֤ˣô˰
䣺
ֵһ¹Ҳˣʺ޵ޣЩܱȵġ
䴹ףūʡá
ʱԳơʱԳơū澡˿􅱵ʱʲô
ȻĸֻǸ
޾ޣ檾檡
ٳ׼ŷ
ΪЩʸǴһעʱбУûбûС
ǵŮʱд˽¹졣
ĸ󶼸ѡļҵĹ㣿
ʱ􅱵ʻͣȵ۲⣬ȻʺȴΪѡŮ
ʱǻʺĸȻ֪ʺѡ􅱰ͨʱȫõЩȻΪ̫Ԧ£􅱾ܵ裺ҾŮ𣿴һŮ֮ӣ˵һ¡˵Ѿʹ˰ɣ
Ҫֱȥֱ˵Ը⣬˵һλԪ䣬Ҳϵ
Ҳǵ¡
ǵԼʱŨʻҪҪԼ檣δȡźǿԵġ
ԥδԥܾˡ
صʲô֣ڹߣκη紵ݶǧ֮⣬ܶԾоָơ
ȷʵҲˡ
йֻҪæȥ
ɰʣҲѡ¡ܾû仹⹬нӾ͸Դףǽ˻ʺ󣬻صһ
һֱûлʺһ꣬ĺһλʺ
ڴ֮䣬һ䣬ûĳŮܸ˰ɣ
~~~
йԺС
ʱ
ɫ
ѩѩѾʵֲǸɻӶˣūŻ˯̫񻰡˵
ҧùˡ
ҧһϡ
ùúÿ
ΪʲôҧùãΪʲôȥЩԺӣ
ǰϻһǬ幬޹·ȻֱﻻۣƸ·ֱȥϳˡ
􅱼ҹҹѲܻСѾͷ涼ױ䡣ץʱ䣬ϽûСѾʼǸĵһŮȡʲô֡
䶣Ǽ±ϽʲôźԼ
ϻùúڿޣƿ׹صĴһһû˯
ڶȥɨӣԭϵһ֦ƿˣԭĻ軨Ҳֻʣ²ʬ˺顣
ûʣӴɨøɸɾ
֮һ͵͵ۣ
ѩηص£ѹùõĻƿˣˡΪʲôùһŻ˰ɡֻ붼úˡ
ѩȴӦǹùԼġҷ̹ùϴ־ʱùõָױȾϺɫĻ֭
ѩʣΪʲôѽ
ѩҡҡͷô֪
СѾͷǣ֣ɵ㶵ǵ㿴ңҿ㣬ܴʥΣֻñ˵
ʵڲ׻ù֮Ĺϵ
һѧϰıСŮҫǶЪգǸ԰ڱʹʲôʲô鱦⼸λСŮǰҲΪ߹󡣲ȴҲ࣬ū澣ԭ˭Ӹ˭վøߡ
ĸ˵춼ȥǹùá
йùü컻ΣǰΪΪùǮڿˣȫǻ͵ġ
Ͽ֡
ǼҹùҲ֣˵ˣƺҲˣҪ˵۸ɣȴûȻˣûƵģȻɫ鿴ȥܲ
ǻϣʱʱ
ȻŭǺõĹùûᱻˣְһδߣſˡ
ڶˣǲŸҽȥ仹ڴϡ
ѩǰȥֻù÷˯---£ڰڣ˱-͹--µ߹ճһСѾͷ˶
ùñϵĺǡѩ÷
ѩʣùãû£
䷭˸ϸĸ첲ץűص壬ңɢȴ˾ݣ̵֮ķ˿ģ΢ۣβAˣ־뵡صû¡
ѩʣҪ׼ԡˮ𣿡
Ъɣ˯ʱ
˯һѹ
ѹͷµġ񷿾һϵӣûûصڴſſ顣
ˡ
ǰѾֱǰζһˣΪǳѧһЩҽҽ±ڴ˷溦ˣͨ
ʹҽҽ˵ǻ˷ӡ
ǳԽӵҩŪ֪֮󣬽ձһ䣬ʵ˵񷿾ū澻ûأǸūһЩ
һӱúѿҧгݵˡ׼
㶵⡭ū
Ҳ֪􅱷ʲô裿
ֻ􅱲ԺӦûбˡ
룬ǰѡ񷿾һܲѧڹշţغҩҲܱС
Ųӡ
ڣȥйЩСŮ߾ȹӶϣߵתɷǺÿ
ϵĺʱ
Ƕ򣬻СŮûǵľ
ֻӦԼģõӲãܣεضԲ죬ƵúܺãһʣȻ߾ֵģȥùǵĹùù̡ܽ
Ѿȥţ̲סҲ棬ô߶߲ã涼Ӧš
ţЦתͷһ􅱾ڱҲ֪˶á
⵽Цȹӷװ·ºʱģ
߹ʣľû뵽ùҲ̰ʱ򡣡
ʻϾ֡˹֣һ
̿
􅱴СԺ򣬻ȤЦ˺üأֻԺ̫Сʩչֲܴȥ档
̲סЦ˵ϱܾʣϾУСʱҵȥϼҿڼϴȥ
Ц⣬û˵
æ˵ūˡ
˼ա
Ϣֶߣ¶˵ҪڻʹУٰһϱ


13 
ȵۺôϲ޼ݣǰڹ֣֯ΪʢŮרǻ񰰳ᣬЦ֣ðߡװ׷Ѳƣ顣ЧȨҲһʱڴˡ
µλ꣬ݳʾ͢Ʋ䲻ֹϣȴûڹٰϣ⻹ͷһء
Ȼµ۲һŮӾΪ֣־;פѡһӣбԡ
ʱ׹ݡ󳼣ʥߣԽǰΧ͡
һʱ֮䣬ĸиǰӿ˶ڲ±´˾֮⣬µʵͻȻôһزΪȡ֡
ϣ֮£ʸڱ
ʱ̤ϣɣϰ㣬еأ֮ʤ1
£̡̨ߡٶҡգָӻ졣
ѩڴʣùãʱȥźҾͿվںһˣ
СԴãȥ˹ӣҪѭؾء
ѩͷ
⼸գ־;ὫʿڰԽҪȡһڱǰһչֵĻ᣻䳼ӡŮ̫̫ҲصȴϵӣеСŮ˽˭ܱùѡȥźˣʱմ⿴ˡ
гƣȤ£ȻȤڴһյ
ճ⣬ЪڻСԺС
ѩѩСС
½Ҳҧùˡ
ãջϸṳ̀ͥϡֻգϱ˵ҪϱǷеΣҲ̫𣿡
ҵãϻʹ⣬ȻҲŹùϡ
Ҳǣù浾ׯӲѺ֡
СѾͷߵġ䡷εġŮѵֹض˹أǶùһ
šᡣǿ
ʱصĻùͷʹÿӱЦſľϷϡ
􅱻һխ侢װ㶯䣬㿴
ֻһߣ߷ɶȥ侪õɴ۾ΪҪݶȥȴڽҪʱֹסȥƣһţȵĽű
ӿɲ󣬱ڿĵطѿơ
􅱵ʣɣ
ƣ
䲻չһЦºʱ˻̤ˣ
ǵȵʱüλ̤ϱʱ߻ӵ¿ɲۣδõļ͡Ⱥ߿ⳡʱӮˣҲŸǵһʹ͡
Ǵںʳǰд͡
վڻʺź򣬻վøߣ糱ĻУ􅱺̧ͷңңĿơ
סҪĴǣ֪ڿ
һ߾򣬽ڻУʱ̫ڣ˭ѹķͷ
躹ô꣬Ծ᲻ˣҲͷѳϰߣʮֵİգ򲻻嶯¡
􅱻ڱ߽ʱӣ˵ڱؾӪʱʿͬͬӣǱؿຮѵ¿ʱһ̤ϣǿ壬Ծ֣öˣȻˡ
ʱ㣬ҲȫȤζ
ͷϲŵҡ׹ҡҡλΣ۾Ц£ɻԵ̤ϾҪūһ£
һЦľˣŻȵصа
һգ̤Ҳúãʱһ䡣ֱߵðȣŷֲԾ¾򣬰ѻϿľȡ֣찡
⻰˵ȴŻΪذҲ׸ߣûסļ򣺡ɣ֪ˡ
㷣Ҿˡ
޿κεǽƻַʲôҧķ𣿡
䣺
˵޻ڸвߣҧǰɣ
Цһ˫۴ϣдˮУһ􅱵촽ûвҧѾͷСܲ˵ǣǲģ췣صˡ
􅱰ûϢƹˣȻһЦСŮ٣ûûС·ϣһȣޱҪ㡣
ȷ̤ϸ޿
վȣϵֱ۷£ū澿Բ̤𣿡
􅱣С
ֻú£􅱺ΪΰṲ̊ϣǿѩ÷⡣
ͣ§ס޿Ϊ˸ùýƣϱùϲ𣿡
ϣϲ
􅱹֫Ƶϣ׽ѡ
Լժ˷Σٳɢ££𣿡
􅱸ȥ޻Ҫ㡣
ʣūʲôѽ
С
Ŀ˸һ£ȻЦӯӯ
ʲô˭˭ôŮԸΪֲһ
~~~
ת۵Ѯµ׵ϻᡣ
ѡĻƵա
仹ǲУͳȫ֣ңֻһܹܵþ껹иϣɡ
͹˵Ǳ
Ӧذ¶׸ϣˣ߶
˹¥
¥ʮɸߣ¥Ұѡ
ֻδڡ
ʣأ
ʹ𣺡عùã˵Ȼ㵽
Ĺڵȴű³֣ϱʼ
Ҳ˺棬֪»λϹ¥ǰһֱû˵¸ƫĸӣλɿһ
Ǹ
գ̿ϴơ
ͷϢƣеӰʱս
ų죬
ȴһڽʿδżס
ʿ֮ףı¡
ű״ʱɾһ֧֮޲⡣
񽫣
һŽƣ̤
ȵػо򣬾ɳڴϣˡһ졣
⼸ԣǶˣλµϴµĽɽ˼ɼס-ǹˡ
˸ߺ糱
̧ͷһ۾¥ϣվǡ
Уɽ棬ضҵȼգԻ䵭һЦ
ʶһʶǿġ
ڼ׳ľУϱʼˡ
􅱻ص¥ϡ
վȻӣū澣ֵõʵƽƽ
ûҪ£ιӳԡ
䲻ҳԡ
􅱵ֿ
ֻѹӴУū澴ȥԡ
̴Ӷˣֻʣˡ
ϾһС͵ĶۣڳֶǾϸѡſӢ䣬ͦΣϼ߳֡
һʱ俴Ѫڣǣ
ʣĶӻӮ
俴ԣͷҲص׶ӡ
ƳĲ˷ܵ΢죬м׿ɰ֮УǸŶޢ껪СƵģСأټɵ̬һʱ䣬ϵıϾȥֻŻüĿ֮Ц⿴ֱ
ٶ㿪ġ
򣡡
􅱻عתͷȥ¡
־ɽ˷ֽһ
һ
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پɨˣֻýͣѾܾˣ֪֮ݣ䲻С
鸴ӡ
ŮӺϡŮˣ˵۹ãƫƫ뻳Ĺϵ֮ڣ֪Ůˣ죬𷣡
ɻ˵Լ䲻ϣ־òˬ
£ǿɡ
ٿ̨£ʤ
˷־϶ҪӮˡ
˷î˾Ҫһչ֣̫ƽûʲôչԼյĻᡣÿѲʹȴδиϰ䡣
ҪҴǹϰ飬ÿж顣
˴ܻʤֻճڣΪսúãŴȫʤ
􅱸ʤĶȫԱʹͼν
˷ĿȴƮվ̺Ļùã޹ġ
˷ԼĻ£ؼĸ飬ĸײͬϱ࿴˼ŵԵĹټС㣬ɿڡ
һֱŻ䡣
ǰʱ䣬ͻȻһźţ޲õӦӦ£Ҳϲ˶ˡ
Ȼע⵽ͷ͵ԼԵĻ䣬޵ҧгݡ
䱻͵û취װֻ̧֪ͷüҡҡͷǵ˷ͨ졣
ص仹к£
Ļˣٲȡ¾ı׶ܵñ´ͻ飬ӦҲɣ˷һѪͷǰ£˸ͷ£ˡ񣬳ҪʹͣȢй䡣


14 
􅱸߾ӻ֮ϣ׽µ˷
˷ôô֪ôأǶһ˵𣿷ǵöŻһ˲
ҲףΪ˷֪ŮˣŸҪ䣬˷֪ʮıӵҲҸԼŮˡǲɶƵ
£ڲ࣬˲ϵӣĵ̾һ
ϢȥΪ̽̽磬û뵽иɵҧûŵֱҧˣҪҧ
ⲻ􅱵ĵµݲɵӡ
˷һԾ
ĬȻ
ź˵ѩҲɴʮһһһСİѾƺľȥһ㣬Ṇ̀ɪɪλˣϹū֪
λӢĹٴȴ΢΢һЦĪ£û£Ҳ㡣ˡ
˵꣬תͷ˷ǱߵĶԶУ춯
˱۾δ􅱻شǰҲ¹򣬸ɴԸ޸ɴˡ
˷⴩һɫɷףͷȥ䣬۽Ƕûһ
ŲصȻй⣬ǿŤĹϲ仹ټ˰ɡ
˷ڱܣһǻѪ˸͸һʱ侫ج԰Ρ
ɢ֮ٽ˷鷿
˷ǿ񣬲֪ΪΡ
􅱵䣬޶ʧ
ԭ޺οӮⳡָ֮˸֮磬Ϊ֮־ػҹ£δ룬ȻŶŮ鳤ҪһŮˣ
˵⻰ʱ࣬żϧ˴ſ
ȴ˷ʱ֮ޱʶԼɴ¹ϴº
δ£􅱷һ£ˡ
˵һŮˣͻͻˡ
йǸˣҲѻͨؽǲֱӴͻġ
ߣţˡ
㣬֮󣬹֮ϣϽΪЧÿ㣬ֻǣȷЩʧ˰ɣԸȥţĥ꣬޵ģұ뽻㣬ı֡
¾ڱ߳ңȻ⽻˷ʱֲԼ۽̫ǳһκûᡣҵñ»Ըٸһλᡣ
˷ллл£Ը⣡
ĸ佫ûнΣھǣھǣһգ޴ӡ־ȥǷҲǰӣһĽ죬ĸ
~~~
һߡ
ѩ˵Ǹ
¿̽ͬѣйˣС¶ѡ
һ麮ųع£ûһģοͳһ˾йֻû뵽侹ȻԹ
һűף¾ܻһ㡣ͬ档
ǰֻԶԶؿһۣ廳òֽ˾ǰһ棬ĵױǾޣֱ޾ˣϸ־÷·ںδһʱ֮ȴ벻
ͬĿڻ۽ǵͣƬ̡ˣǼضӦӡġ
Ц˿ǽϰˣ
ͬ۾һǡ
ü绰Ҳǰˡ
ǻ䣬Ҳ̲ס̽˵˼仰ʼɽɽˮˮģԶ̫ڿ뿪
һʱ˼֮ͷ룬ܳҲز˼ˡ
ͬϳλͣŵܺ棬ȵֵ
ϳ֮ڼˣΪλ俴ȥô죬ʱԪᣬһŮׯһ㡣ǸŮ뻳䳤ΪƣֻͣЩԲϡ
~~~
ûա
˷ĵ􅱸һȥߡ
ٺá˶˷һֺƴãԭõüνӲԼ˵˵Ǳµ֮أһʧʥġ
йŮ֮в˽ۻ䣺
ɴ˶ãףùΪβӦ
Ҳɴ˺ãָߣҲӢ
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ɴܲԵ޹ʵͻɣ˽飿
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ҲҲ
Ů֮£û̸ۼޣ˭ţߣŮ֮䲻岻Ҳͷһ⡣
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ѩżùã
ѩʣ²𣿡
ù˽Ĳɴˣǵ¡
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ֵԺǳˣǵԶһЩ
˴Ů˽ȻͬƩ£˶˽ܣ˵ֻһ׮£Ů˵ȴأˣ˵һӶˡ
Щ˾û䲻ʶôװƿһôõ£ʮ˻ӢδޣҪͲˣھܾˡ
ֹա
˵ɼѾΪСһ£ŵԵ佫Ů
ΪϧҲ˶
˷ְǰһգһ䣬ڴ֮ͥ£ԻһеǰЩӵͥ񣬾йʵԲסˡ
˷й˽飬ǰĽйʱһʱ嶯´ͻ顣֪³çйףʱһֱĻǸ⣬йǸ
˵ġ
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̻һ񣺡ɴѶ£ڴףɴˡ
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Со֮ԣһ£Żع񣬺Цʣ˻Ӻģ
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􅱻˭
˷Ѿ𣿡
ûеͷػش𣺡С
˷һֹı飬ʣֲ˼ʡ
Ѿˡ
û˰´ȥ˷һ棬ȴһӺࡣ
棬汾ͼӴף˻йһ׵δ򣬵δܾ֮ܿʱɥģùΪδؽڣɵҲˡ
̫˵ͨˡ
˳꣬һǳ˻Ʒһ㡣
СŮǶźߡ
Ϊ飬ۼΪʵƽĻùڣ޹ģ꣬ǵȻṴ-ӵˡ
ֵԺӣϿ顣
􅱽ݣֻ̧۽ޣһۣеȥˡ
􅱰ߣʲô飬޻ÿ𣿡
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Цһϰס°ͣƷɫ٬ҵСѸ
ʶˣ޲ô֪йˣѾδű㵱СѸͣҲƲСѸˡ
ֱȹϸСѸΪؽڡ


15 
ϣȴû˳صֿŭλӣҪĪūҵס
״ƫҪأСӻǴҰɣмòŵұүϣңʳ
СѸ㱻Сϰư͵سˡ
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ˣҡ޵ҡ
ƿеĻ֦һһϵ¶ΡΡˡ
һģԳ۷糤ȣֵʢ꣬ÿջҪһʵǰڱ߳Ǽ꣬ɹڣǻԺ⹬еһЩһ˫ϸѩ׵֫ϣĴĿġ
˫ƿɴֱǹϼ룬ĥŰŻеǣһȤ¡
􅱵СѸòطҡģһͲʲôҸļ-˭
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􅱰űڻУϧøСѸүһ
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ʵ۲ڣˣ


16 
ټĹ壬˵л
ʵǰҲڿ죬ÿΰˡǱ빬֮ĪӺƸտˡ
ǰΪ޹ʧˣû뵽ȥ»Ǵ
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е÷ţǶؿշҲܵҵʱ䣬Ҳһˣ̫̫Ȼ䲻ȣʲô
룬֦ͷïĻҶʰһҵĻߣȥ԰ɡ
ųʱͷвҡ
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һԲ׵СŮվǰίذરવᣬż˵ùãùãëëͷˡۣ
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17 
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18 
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ڱɽׯĻϲ֪ĳһװ糾ͣûʣǹùأ˯ô㣬ûǹùû𣿡


19 
Ľ٣ջǵܡ
յĵڶʱǱףŮҲ̫ʶôθ̨££Ҫӡ
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һ̶̲ȥѾԸȥ׼һʢ̻뵽
ֻһ֧ҹϻ
㻨˽һգоϡ
ʹѾ뿪߽ս¶꣬Ҳ統꣬Ϊƣȴ⣬һľǸɶŮˣúһ
Ҫһϲ´
СԺſڡ
˻սսһ侲ЩԼɱǲ̫ˣ
ҪǡҪǵȻ˻䣬Ը˵ûԭˡ
ǻʵۣһȴ׵СŮӽƽϣҪؿ㣬֮
δϵᳵ·ңϱ룬ѹûˡ
һȦȥˣûҵ䣬ˡ
أ
ôܲڣ
˻ʹСԺȥģһӣڱҵᣬ
ֻöȻһ㷢䣬վԭذΣؿڽʹ
˻侲»ָǣܣ˰Ż䣬һȨ˰Ůӣôӵˣʲô쳣ĶҲġ
ɵӣΪʲôûԶ߸߷أѹӲġ
һȥѰǼһźСŮӱǡ
ȥ˳£йֵ˶֪̫ļԺֱйСԺᡣ
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ϼңû˵ˣһʱˣǻ˵ģˣֱÿˡ
ѩŵӣؾص棺ָùòСԺɣù÷̫̫֮Ϊ̫̫ٳȥɽ˳ɽˡ
ԣ
ûӾͺãûӾͺáżҵ룬мŭ˵Ҳ֪˵һ䡣
ѩ䲻֨ȴ룬ùöѾ̫̫ڱɽׯôԶαضһأйԼȨޣֲҪ¶ûʵ۹ʡ
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ϴһʵû飬ңһڻĴϣ¡ǰڱ߽ôԡһҪü·
Ĵ˯ΨϯһǬ幬һžйСԺĴţ⻹ȵʱƳɵģշ˿һϯӣһ׷ѼߣǶʯı񡣱Ҳǰٽһߵı˿Уϲȣˬ
ıһе
ݡ
䲢Щϣÿջҽѩ࣬£Ҳĵ㡣
ѻ䱧ڻУıϢرƽ֪˯ˡ
˯˸þ
ڶһ磬˯һɨ̬ԡ£ѣɽ
~~~
ʱѵִɽĴš
ǻʼȦɽͷר˰ɽţԷС֮֮ͽ˽ȥ˳ޡ
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ɽûнݾ
ֻܿ˫ߣ˳ɽԿɽŵ˱ʾָ·ɽɽ˳߾ܵ
վɽţͷһҲͷխɽȻڲѡ˵˳סƫƧû뵽Ҫôµɽ
ΪԼɽˮʵ档
ϵ˳ɽֹڿڲţ
ˣ̫̫ǰӦ
һɽ·ǲҲˡ
ũ֮ŮҴСŮɻӹǲɴǵй֮󣬳붼СοĲǰɽͷ󺹣
һֱߵڣڼᣬǼСݡ
δ߽ʱ仹룬˳Ȼޣ޵˼ӣŵСʿңָһɽͷ˵ĵɽһգӦܵˡ
Ƿ֮ˣýӴŮʩէһĴˣСʿ
˳ָķȥһΡĸɽԴɡ
ǿӹģߣڶҲһ·
ĳóвˣ͵
ɽ
ɽ·ֳߣò׼Ҫ·
ʱһʿǡúŸ·һ²ɵĴֲ£Դɿŵʿ٣һľһѳͷһ¨ˮ޵Сӣңӯ磬һףƲòΣһ˫۾ɾ۽һۣüĿչ޳ֻ˫۾Ϊʮꡣ
ǰʣλҪѰɣδߣ
ʿԥظָ·Ǳߡ
˵꣬λ·ǲƵģ뿪ȥһ
ûָ㣬ҧҧ̧˫㣬ĵ
ʮʮʿȻܲԼһȺ˸ţͣ½Ųعͷ϶µظüСӣϵҲǸָ·ߴˡ
΢΢һЦ財
ʿ³ͷԼǿӣұڻУʲôժӣңһҲ㡣
ץһֻ°Ⱥ¹¾ƵģҲ죬Եӣҡ룬ǵԸɽӣĸף٣˼Ҷοѡ
ޱ߷ĵʿǵʥϵ壬ȵ۵׵ܵܣ˳¡
Ϊľļԣٷһˣ㲻Ū˵֡ݡȹϵҲܼʹǵȨĵһܱ֯ÿһᣬȫ
οֻһˡ
ʹǱסҲϳ˳
˳Ȼͨ¿ãǷϲŵľõ𲻿ɵõ˿㡣
ֻҪϣߣϽⶾ
ѱϣֻһɼĹζ
ϳΪҲ˿鴮ģء
˳ԣɫδ䣬
ԭΪ˳ų⣬δ룬˳δŭĿγżֺ棬ȤµʣǺˣ
յɽϣˬطŮ񣬹ִ׵ƷŮ٣й䡣


20 
˳ʮɽʼʮ꣬Ȱɽ
֮飬֮˵ʶһμġ
˵ɽİɣһ棬⡣
˵ǣ֮ȴٷѿֻ࣬˵ۣڿͷһϡķסˣҲȥСʿʲôɽˮÿһչٷÿʲôɫԣ
ȻŮ˻һճԺȣҲյɽˮȥˣĹ¶ڹСͯ׸귽꣬δŮˣѾòߵ߶ظˡ
Ųգ׸СһͰ͵ظŮ˵ϲ̵غùá
ƽʱСŮǺˣϳ۽ѿǣＸСӶȥˡѾϸ˸Ķգʲô׼˵ҲûʣʲôóԺ档
˳Ůθڲףһٳǵۺö׺Ͳˣ̲סʣйӴã
̫̫ʮ١
˳㲻ˣܹݣԿȻ˭Ρ
֮ǰʹЩ궼йʲô˳ɽ˳ǰѸ˭Ҳû˵˳ص쳾֮С
һ˳Ե޹ʵĹŮƾʲôûϣ˳ϴժһӵӣңȴ뵹ǻʱ䣬ɽʱҪһ˳ժĹӣȥҲý
֮󣬻㿪ʼ浱һ㣬ջСͯһȥСٲժЩҰˣ㣬ȥֲۣ˼ҵĲ԰˸ܲ޶СУԡ
޵ʿԵʵֲ̫嵭Բߡ
סۿͷ֮󣬻Ůٷһ·ȫ˽½˸ģټ򵥣Ҳǻѡ
øӵ¶ֻϸСۣвˣظɻƿľǣʳˮ
Сͯ׸ˮˣʣùã𣿡
ˣһ̡
􅱲֪ʱڳſڣ粻ض
ԭջСͯˡ
俴СһԶͷһۣ΢΢һ񣺡¡
˵꣬Լ̨Сȥľջ
Ҳң
ǹɻƱһưͣڵһϴڡ
ֻ⼸Ի˵Ļʵ̫࣬һʱ֮䷴֪ôӺҪڣһľҧһƵģְľڵϡ
æǰôˣ
ҡҡͷľһ¡
􅱶¯Ļ⿴ָľ̶ˣֻƵƤ˶Ѫ˿֣˵Ҳ֪ҪСĵ㣿޽ô꣬˫Ѿǵɻ˫ˣִֻô
ҪջҰ
ί˵أôջ£һǰСͯлɡ
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􅱻һû˵дţ㶼һؾҲ֪Ҫ֪һ
ūǷ̫̫ģ֪£ū澵Ĺ»ūһ֪
􅱲ŽĻ֮䣬ֲð̫̫ѹ𣿡
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鲻ãҲð
ԭΪɿ켸죬˭ͻȻðһٲƵɷ顣
􅱼Ҫǵǰס׼û򣬱𶯲͸޹ޡޡ
ü˳ĿȣŸ첲
􅱼ͷҲ̧Ｑ꣺ֲ㡭
ôСľ̶ô֣
ɿ޺òҵ㣬㵹ң˵˳ɽ𣿡
𣺡ˣ벻
􅱰˵벻͸޻ȥ޾û˭öּ̫̫ܲ׾˾ҲϹɽҲûáһСŮ٣ôܱ˵˶˵ܸɣΪԼôܸˣ
佩Ӳҡҡͷ̧ͷ޿̵ػһۣҳӦ̫̫ôͻȥǿֶ飬ҵķţҲҪȥ
˵ȻΥΪ۾һ􅱱㲻֪Ĳˡ
􅱵޸˭Ҳӣ
˵£ܲܵȼٻȥ
􅱿ӣ¶ĸ첲ӷס룬ʣް붯˳ǲǾͺˣ
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􅱳˵û֪޻ˣ붯˳ҹȥ̻֪𣿡
Ȼ˵Լһʼûܳɹ
룬ͬ˵ظӣһū澣ҪôӡԳ棬˳ɽñ̫̫һƬТģᱻѻá뿪ɽׯȥʲôҲ˵ͨˡ
ͷһůװ
మΪ롣
Ļ䣬ôأ
§˱ڻУǵҿ㰡ǳû
䰵գһǲ£Ƕ£ڵۣ徲֮أֶš
􅱵úúãʲôʱãһԡ
ֻҪһ룬􅱵Ķӣ˰·Ͷ
􅱿˵ùõãͬŷıһˡ
ĵʲôҪɵĻѾˣòȻ˹Ҫÿ󷹸԰ɣ
֪􅱶Źͷںͷء
æҡͷããҵһ㶼ã˱£ŷúá
􅱣
ΣԱ㣬ѻߣǾֱȥ˳

һС·һƬ֮С
վסŲһܣԻ֣ǣңŰԲӣߣȻҪ߶
Ҳǲһһǣ·ʲôʱˣ龹м죬ֻ̫Сһյʱ䣬Ǿ߳ˡ
ԺƻȻʣȴһƬ羵ĺ
԰߶ȥһͤ
˳һɵۣͤʿ塣
􅱹˳ƳһۣȻȻصãҪҪ壿
˵壬ҪԸɽĸףٳұ塣
˳˵ת䣺ˣйӣ塣
Ҳô塣
˳࣬ȴ˾ڣЦЦ˵£Ҳôᡣ
俴˿􅱵ɫÿλá
ֻôŵӣ˳Ķ


21 
һŮŮӣѧ黭һּĳ뱾û꣬⵱йֲҪãûѧ
ӲͷƤһӣָ⣬йоصӡ
ִӣ˳ִӡ
ò׼ǸӮǸ䡣
Ӯˣ˳ҲܴӦ󣬿ˣ˳ģ᲻ߣ
Ǹ¨ӣԼӮһԵɡ
µѴ岻ʱ仹̲סȥϵ􅱡
􅱵ףַ࣬µĵذ壬Ÿն˳˵׼ʾԼ¡
һͨ¡
˳Ц˻ͦȤ
һͷˮ̧ͷ˻ν⣿
˳һӣɽҽ֮ˣǺ쳾ˣں쳾֮УͼͼǮƣͼȨƣͼͼ鰮йӣͼʲôأҿΪζ
䱻סˡ
ڹУһСͥԺ֮Уոһ޼£ĿĵػšĻִֻΪΪ˲ϧһдۣʹᱻǧУҲû¹
ʱ뿪ʹʱ־òҲԡ
ƼһһգйҲͦ棬ֻܳ
􅱼¶֮ɫ΢΢ü
⻹Ϊͺˡ
ʣǵͼʲôأ
Ϊ˳˵Щ߶߶Ļȴ˳ֱ׳ãʲôУͼ˲ңڡ
ϻ
˳һۣ˵޴ǴʵֵܽľֻһȨҲڵõ˳ƺš
􅱲һɽضȲѲųұ
ԭǸ˳ĵͯñһֱŵĺС¯裬ˮʱЦЦˡ
˳룬˵Ҳ²¡ǲ޸ĸ
ͷǣɷǣĸҲֵܽá
􅱺ȻԤв顣
ĻƵǣңǱҸ쳾
һ£оԼ䱻һ£תͷӡ
תͷ˵壬ɣʲô
ϵԼҾˣô˾ʹڲĻ
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곤ô࣬ǳ˵ȴȫüӣҲûоǻʵۣͱϹϾҲǸʮˡ
˳ͳ²ɵ飬ݸ䣺㡣
үĶܲҪ𣿻乧ؽӹҲʲôϡ飬һׯӡѣЩ˵ע
£лл˳顣
˳ӻ֣ʲôͲֻͣǽ㿴ģ´ɽٻҡ
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˳վĪеĻҳҴû˵Ҳȥ
ұʹȥģȥȥòȰ
䣺
˳ȻԸɽЩȻԸҲ֮Уǣһûɼɽˣء
ߵֱߣǣ֡
Ͻֲؽ􅱿ԱߵˣֻգˣҲû·
ߵ·
˳˵㵹йТȻΪ̫̫ɽҡ
ں΢΢һ죬Ҳñ⣬ܲ˵Ϊ׷һŮɽɣ
ҹЪϢ
ʶסķȥԺ㱻յصĵۣ
􅱻㱻عȥԱߵǼͷ
һû˯á
ǧһ۵غòҵ䣬뱧˯ȴǲУҲͰˣһǽ֮ķ˯ǰƫ̡
ۣ뵽ջԻ佻̸ʱ㱵飬֪ΪΣò
ǿЩûĳŮɡ
˺ӣͻȵسĻˡ
ڶһ硣
ɽ˳ǰ̣¨·ժһ¨ӣҡһ¨񣺡ĸװɣ͵ԣǳԡ
Цǣǡ
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􅱵ǰǾ͵ɽˡ
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􅱱㱧㣬ߵÿ죬ϸȥ
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һ·ɽ
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Űǲ̿죬Ȼ֮ǰִɽš
ѾȺڴˡ
ŵߣֻ֫һᣬͰȥȥ
Žȥ􅱱ž룬ɽ·һˤڵء
һֻյϻ£ѹס
ĻżˣūһǺ
ֱֲ㡣
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ΪһξͰˣ˺üأɽ·ۣʵڳŲס˯ȥ
ϡ
ˬѾһɾ·􅱻Ϳ􅱵Ļ˯ɵһ졣
ʣ£ȥģū澻ûع̫̫
赭дش𣺡ȥɽׯӣҺͻȥˡй䲻̫̫ʮ𣿻ʣüءйɽϣӵɽȥɽׯ̻


22 
˭ŸôĻò׵һѮ壬ȴϷֽлȥ£ʲô顣
̵˵ʲô̻𣬻仹΢Цлл£ͷԸɽϺҲɹ̫˯
Ϊѵʣ£˵ҹȥɢģ̻ȥˣʱνͣ񲻺ϡ
ܾûʱ뷽跨ƾһ
üа취
䰴಻סƵ飺Ҳ뱻˷֣Ǳ̸ֺֻܶɢģһع
˵ֱ꣬ӷֻòˣ˹ǼҶഩθ
􅱲ĵصУҶԸȥ׼̻ˣȥ
ͻȻӱɽׯ뿪֪ȥģһ߱գڻˡ
ȴûȥȴ˵֪ǴһŮӣؽ˲԰У֮סڲ԰ڴ˴
ȡڡ֮ˮ⣬ӧ֮ˮ⣬㡱УˮǺеС죬԰֮԰ܲɲ飬޷ӡ
û֪ŮǺˣģû˹ţڻУû¶֮ҲûŮӳ¶棬Ҳ֪ǸȻѱ¸סˡ
޹Ǿǵһμ񷨵ıص顣
ȥԼǸСǸ޷ӽ߽Щᱻ
쾰ɫʵܲˮӨγࡢסɫ˯ˮ棬С£رɽι״ͦζֱͣ£ǧ֮ơȿɿˮҲɿɽɿˮϷһؽ1
ǰٴŮٷ
󴩹ֱȣͼ˿һѩɫȹ羱£ѩϸۣʱһ֧ܽزӯӯķ硣
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ڷҲֻǼɽˮһƳӰˣŴɽϻռ׳񵶵ķ⣬ٻ⣬ȥʹԷ
􅱵ִļ򣬻һع񣺡¡
ȥ£ˣȥŰɡ
ЦЦҪ²ؽ⻳䡣
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ƴһһԣиɫ˿ߡ
伸ɲϸüǲӣк壿􅱸Ҵȥɲҡ
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겻ˣū澲ǵôҴģԲҪôǲ˰ɣ
ȴ˵
ѿ͵ûôӴȥ
֮ö׹һԡ
ӳ԰ֵϿϲ֮Ա۵صȻޱȥ̻Ҵȥߴﾰºá
ʣūɸɡ
􅱵Ҹ׼һѣ㴩Ǹɡ
仹룬ʲôѣԺڱƼͲǵж񰡣촩治ܣǱҪʹɡ
ʿ̻ǲǾͿԻعˣȸԾڴɫûʳڡ
תȥ䣬Ϊ׼Ѿ͹ڼϡ
䲻ŵؽԭأΣࡢ߳ŭȥΥʥ֪ܵѣū澴ȥ
􅱵㴩ʹ
ǰ􅱿輧ʱд⣬룬䴩Ѹж
ԸԷ㴩
޿κεػȥĽѣڳ䣬ⱲӾûٵ·ȥ˹􅱿Ͳˣȴһ߳ȥҪƼ棬˼ȥ
􅱰ûȵԽȥץ
δΣɴ½˱ȫг˶϶ȣӯһգβһױƿһں㷢ɢţŮһ㡣
ֱҲ̣ڸԭȵϿ̻ٲ࣬ȴ̲סȥҪһΡ
ѱŪ࣬һ
Ը϶Σˣ㻷˴ⱦԡ
һɴʲôãԼŨױü۱Õiޣһɫ类ĥıʯһ㣬ԣˡ
ֻµ볤̫رˣ±ϳױϻ䣬Ҫȥһ¡
􅱵޸㻭
һ֧ϸëʣպ֬۽ǵϣһ÷
ɫƻ衣
ɴǿҪ¼˼ӣǾԼͷľսرǣ̤˲졣


23 
ϰڲصڳˡ
˶Ǹˡ
޹ԶԶƼڻߵĺ, ᱡļ, ϸһ, װɲǰɽׯܹϵ輧
Ǹ֪߳ܵļˣ
ֲ裬ҪҲڴ֮ͥ´, Ϊ˹ү
ŵʱɫ, Ҳ֪ϻĸ
ȼʧ, Ϊ²ǵȳɫķǳˣʱҲû⶯δ֮輧輸ա
Ұο, £Ǹ϶˯, һعи, ȥˣˡԽͷ, СѣöԸ
޹ؿڶһȻһƨСɣǰȥ􅱡ɡ楶£޹룬ǿɲңĸˡ
ûõĶ޹ͷϣһۣЯŮ߽ȥ
Ƴ, 􅱵ӣ޹ˡ
֪軹ҪҪ
ŨױĨɴȻ±ϳļˣֱ􅱵߶㡣
ѵüС̬֮ȵĶҪˡ
޹ȴ۵ɹȥ룬ˣǱ˹ͷ޹ǵ
Ƕ㣬ǵͷܿúһѻĳ°ߣԼƳ򢣬һ˫ˣ˵ĻΣڰڣȻܿϸȡȹ޹ͨµ鱦ȴӦǱ͵ģʱˣҲùʹ͵Σǹ輧ʲô
¾Ȼعصس谮һŮĲأҲûӰ
Ȼڳûϳĵ輧ʵǻ䣬ǸŰ屣ءЦй䡣
˭뵽أŮǹصĻһĻùãȻᱻ±ŴȲѳ
޹Ц£λǣ
􅱿췳ˣ΢΢ס䣬·һֻСﴧУˣôˣȥЪϢ𣿡
޹ͻݵ˵ⲻųʳղ£ǵý֪ߵߣȴûһλˡ檺棬λ˭
丹̣ʲôãͱ㳤üء
ȻܸܽҲ֪ʲôʲôáɽׯļģҼмȤңع
޹ڷ࣬ǷŶȥǾֻǸʱѡ
»зִģֶм
»Ȼʮְۣ´δܡ룬Ϊݲ֮ͬŮµŲһذ档
޹ʣŶҪλȥģ
ʵڲͷˣɢӦѾʳ˰ɣҲûȥЪϢˡ
޹ϵЦһʣǱ𣿡
􅱷ܵпձȥ
˵գЯŻ뿪ˡ
ȥջ֣ȫǺЦⱻŵðˣ
ε˵﷢ңұֱǱߣӺȥ
􅱹Ц£ȥ޾͸
ҪΪǻʵۣۡ
˭ûʹһɽׯߵĵ¥
ȫڣֻ
˿֮¥ﾲĵģ􅱴ӱһվߣҹ紵ᱡе䡣
¥֮ߣ鲻ԽصͷһۣߵЩͷĿѣ룬ʧȥһˤһ̲ɣ
һĶߣ䣬㿴
̧ͷ˲䣬̻ҹգǻգ
ⳡ̻Ը׼ǰһʢй֮޲
ɽׯ˭û˵һ̻ݣ£̻׷״ѣߵԺǴ򿪴ҹա
̻شڴ˴˱˿
ǱѪΪĳ˶ŵ𣿼Ϊĳˣôⳡ̻Ϊ˭ŵأǸ²ڲе
ʥˣʵη塣
룬􅱸òҪʫɣɲᡣ
ʣÿΪŵġǰֻܶ͵͵һ𿴣ȴԴվߴһˡ
ʲôʱ𣿻ãȻŷǼ̻ÿҪѶǮһһۻһµ֣ʱͷ󡣻ֱӰǮء
£ҡΣ
􅱰泯Լʣ䣬޿𣿡
ϡЩˣЦһ̧􅱣ұ֮ص£꣬Էһع𣿡
˵Сǻʵˡ
Ҳûˡ
˵˵ֻһգ÷ؾȥ̫̫
֪մɽлСԺΪܣҪκ
Ѱ˼û˵һһȴҲֻ÷ˡ
˴һ񴬣䴩°׽ȹӣɴңȹӣ˴ûˣһϴҡεúһ¡
􅱽ϴ塣
ҸоãȤʹȥϼҴҸҲиһձ㿪˺ɻǰɣ
磬̲ס˵ǣǰʹȥժҶҶӾȥɻҲɺɻ֡
˵꣬ڣȻ􅱵ժһЩ޳ԣ޻عȥˣ޾ͳԲˣòã
䣺ūˡ
ôҡȥɻ֮С
ժһɻҶ¡
ָմ֭ڴͷ􅱣Ҳм⣬֮£ᳪʱĸ׳ĽСиGˡ
裬ԣ²⣬Ϊλ߼ôľ
ҡذߡ
Ҫ´ʱػһ£һСˤˤںɻҶ֮С
Цһ
Щյػ􅱾⣬ɰȥĲɺŮ£
ֺֺЦص
Ҷӳ¶һ㣬􅱿һۣͱԵߵѡ
֪ȥ˺δ
֮ϣֻʣҡΣ΢΢
˸ˡ
һ磬컹δĴӺ뿪һعȥˡ
ǡ
ʹ
ѻŮٷڹС̧Żй֡
ӻûȣдĹǰ˵̫̫вӣȥ


24 
̫̫ȲҪѯ˳ɽϵ
˼ԽԽ˳, һֱ֪ܸɣû뵽ܰСɽ
ҹͣɶ, ˳ԭʹɽΪף, ȥȰ
Ȼ̫̫һЩ飬̫̫ԡ
ǰҲȥС, ɴδ, ϸع۲ô༦ëƤ㱨, ͷ˵۵ĺ涼ЩҰҰˣЩӣЩľˮ, ʯͷģʲôСļСͯ, ʲô, ÿҪЩʲôʲôȤ
ǵЦһֱûȥ, ζҲСһɽסȥˡ
˵˵ţͳһ飬˳»Ȿ飬Ҵ
̫̫ߵֽӹ飬ø̫̫Ŀ
㶵̫̫ع񣬽ӹ£Ҳϡ, СӣȻ˱˶ȴϡ
̫̫黹䣺ģŰɡ˵ǽ衭ӦҪ㻹İɣһͷһؼɽûɽ׼»ȥˡǺǡ
ǻҲĽȻɡ
ߺ
̫̫ص½㿴ƽǷЩͬ
½ֵȷһ
̫̫һ£ѳ޷˳˳һδȢޣҲ澣ƺʮɽ˵ѰʵþǶ͵С
Ҳû취ǿ˳ȢޣʵŮӴҲûģǰҲûƹһƣֱӶɽﲻס
ʵڲĿ˳Ȼһ޺ѾȥˣھǻɽȢӣӦҲٱɵʵڲУո檣ܺá
ͷһֱ̻ͷֻûкʵѡҲ޷˳⡣
ͻȻһ˳ԸӽŮˣ̫̫м⶯ǲûȥź˳
˳͵㣬ʲôã֪òأҲû£ҲҪ˳ҲǡãϣҲ̫ᣬǸѡ
ǰ˵䱾ˣֻ˶ˣ޴ȥҲûкʵ˼ףŵ
̫̫뷨˵½
½ֵһжáֻϷŲˡ
̫̫ףϺŮ٣λûлʺ󹬣ΪлڣžûףǺǺܸɡ
صйСԺ˸衣
ѩСѾͷһźϴ裬һ˵ˣùãͻȻعǻ˯˴ӱȥˡ
Ц
ѩż˵ЦϽȥһţһɡ̫ˡ
ѩԴɵɵ¿϶Ѿ֪˰
һ˻˵;˵⣬ô͸˼ֻعñôɽׯҪڡܽǣֻҪ􅱲ڣڡ
􅱻ûЪһЪ
񷿾ѾѧϰòˣԸо࣬Щɣڴ֮ϣŴסڴϣҲ¶ˡ
ֿ˳ġׯӡⷭһҳһιΪ֪ĻȪԣ봦½ʪĭڽ
ǰ
ΪжȪˮɺԵ£ĭΪ顣
˳ڱдһ仰
дһҲһҲ֮ףҲɽģ֮¾ҲʶǾҲ֮䡣
ȪˮɺԣҲĭ
ҪӣȪˮȸɣֺ
˳ɽϵӣȻ˳ӦоУиʵ۴ֱӸȦɽۣЩܵĻоСݣҹӣҲԡ
ÿճϢĴߣɽˮСͯҲܳƵǺˡ
պ
ʥԱɽׯϻع
ʹڻһ˾æµŵ
ѩ䡢ѩ˽ºõģ
ϴλô᲻ù÷𰡣
ʲôֲǵһθùҲûù
ۣ㵨ԽԽˣô˵ϡ
û˵Űɣգ϶Ҫ͵͵ҹùá
ȥϿΣȥɽׯıСŮԣ
ڱɽׯʱһ輧ܹܴӽϻŮǡ
ֻһۣͱסˣǼձʧ˳裬ÿֻǸŮһ𡣡
СŮǽԵ͵;ʵ󲻳Ůʲôɵʣ˾ʲô
ԶԶһۣһ
ʲô
ǡǺ·ҲŹ֣¶¶첲
ѩ䲻ɵ룬ҼҹùҲúѩϣΪϲǹùãû뵽ֻȥһ˱ɽׯͱǵȲ֪Ů˸סˡ
ʣǣû´˻
𣺡ǲ֪輧ǼȻգôܴعأ
˶ʱɺ
ΪһƽŮ򱻵ҶһĴ£û뵽Ȼ˲пᡣ
Σǲ䣿
˰һעˣŹŮһͿԵСŮӣһҲֻǹŮҲ
˵ùãŬ飬Ҳй
˷׳־õ˷׷׸͡
ֻѩ䡢ѩ˵ʲôأֲ֪Ǽҹùãﵱй飬ҹﻹֵźϴʵĻ
ȥԺѩؽȤ˵ù˵ÿһЩǸŮر֪߳ܣ⹴ϣ·Ҳúô
ö䶼ˣСѾͷҽѵٴˣҪڱ۱ˡϵҲĴ˵Ҹ߰ͷ
ѩֻ֪Цȥĸ첲ù᲻õģûĴ˵Ǵֻ߹ù
̫ˡ
Һû֪Ǹ輧
Ҳõġ
գһȺСŮĲ
ʣµģֻܵʱȥӾˣؾû˻ǵǸ֪ʧȥĵĺ輧ˡ
⻹ûɿա
֮һֱָй䣬˵ѱã˰ͨʱ


25 
ҥԺܿ촫􅱶С
ϱܵü, ֪뻳֮ϵ˾й©Ųһ, δ鵽
ǻ˭ȥģ
Լ
һʹ˲, һ澲룬ƺҲ
Ѿ, ֮ȷ˽, ɴ˳ˮ۵ɡҲֻԼ, ˭ǰΪ⴫ԼҪ£֪ŮǵĿ࣬±㲻ܿ, һжж֮ʱһ°ա
궯, Ϊû, ȥɽׯһ˻Լȴĸ⻳, Ҫôͳô˻һݰɣѳֲۣйܣ˷֮⣬Ҳޱ·ѡ
ׯֽһϻΣ􅱰һ֧ɻ״룬ʲôλأ
ƷйͬΪƷĺǹɡ
Ȼ򣬹йʵȨ̫ˡ
̧̧Ļ, ǡǡǣҲȥˣ仹з˺
ǲɣĿǰҲˡˡ
ԥ£뵽֮õһͷòֻֽйɲг谮ķȫҲһ䣬ֻǸƽŮӡֻϧ޻ʺлʺ̧ٻĻûôֽۣȴС
ԽȥأǸˣ˱Ҫ˵ŮɫԵܻ-Ƶġ
ԭ˯ԼŮٱЩ˵ȥˡ
̿һųֽīŨŨȴ룬Ҫһʲôأ
͡²ֽд¼Լúõķţᡢ񡢶ˡ
д˼òá
ȥʻ䱾˰ɡ
ţ֪ģܾû䲢ˡˣֻԲߡ
ڵ
ʱ컹ȥһ䣬ձЩȥȥ̫̫밲ʵĸ飬ʱڹʽм̫̫Ѿ𣬱ž
ֻʣλΪʵۣصТιԳ趨ʡӲҵÿҪȥ밲һΣϣТ֮һö
յ˴
һ㣬̫̫̲˵˼仰
̫̫ͰܴЦȴЩüչһ飬ͣز
ǰʣĸк֮£ɷɷΪǣ
̫̫ЩйĴš
˸һ⣬üô¶̫̫ˡ
̫̫ûǴĻǰĸĹŮɣ
􅱳ǡԭĸߵĴŮй֣޼ܸɣйͳ֡
ֲ̫̫˰Ȧ飬ŻԭֻǸŮӣñãʲô£ֻźĸĹŮĸͣá
􅱵ޱػ塣
ͣޣȴڹУ̫ܰԸ˼ʣű˵Ūࡣ̫̫Ҽ˴ȥ˳Ϊ˳ϲ֪˳֮°Ѿã˳檡ܷã
˵һãսȭסЦһ޾ã⻹ǵʻԸǣֻ
Ӵ􅱵϶Ѭ˵ķ㣬ƽľζȴܰꡣ
һС̫ŲҴҵͶǰ􅱣£йѲ鵽ץҥ֮ˡ
􅱱ȥ

޹ڵ㣬ҩ˽йڻĴ֮󣬷ϸףȤֻЦһıˣҲǣλйõйʱͲСʮ㵱йûè𣿡
Ů٣һǻ֪Ҫ¿ɽ
ʣⶼǶˣع˶֪˰ɣкζ
ҩ˵һڣһ߲˭𴫵ء
޹ֿÿģֺǵҲ֪˭ģҵҪſ
˵Ǹʲô飿֪ǲǻſľ
⻹ЦˣͻȻСŮæ棬˵йˣҪ޹顣
޹ɵۣ롢Һθɣ
޹һͷˮȥ˻䣬һͷˮŻԺﾾ˸СŮ˵Ǵҥ֤ȷ䣬оݡ
޹عˣûָʹ澡
ЦЦȻŹΪˣָʹԺǸúúôˡҵСµȴʧ
ǡøյ
ԶԶƼһȺŮΧһкüŮڵϡ
޹š
޹ߣٿĪ磬ͨ죬춯תͷˣȹǣ첽􅱣ίص££볼޹أ֪ĸң
Ҫң£׵ġ
޹˿
􅱵ͷһۣٿ䡣
̴ɫŮٷŮ֮пȥ˳ƿ̰壬δʩ죬ɫ䣬ͦñֱƹһ㡣
ʩŮ񣺡μ¡
ȻϸϸԼĵ

ƣϣѽҹԴǵص²˽飬´Уƾ졣
ȻʺŮ¹;ʥƷԸ߽࣬ѩ˪˵ȲТ֮٣Ѳڻɱµĵ²죿
һĩԾȴ˶е⡣
޹һ˲
ɫѿֻ÷·ڱһƳϡ
׶Ұк˶ŵսսͷ
⻹ǵһμᴾı㷢
޹ɫףɿ֣
һԲ䣬侹ͷ㣬


26 
˵ֱ̫׳Ȼ, ֱ
֮һֱڹϽѭ浸صŮʵģһɱӺ, Աµٻظ֮, ѶԻ˵߰˷֡
ǲŻ䣬Ҳɱ¡
˵е, 
һֱ˹ϵ²Ĵ޹Ի, , ѵװף
޹֮󣬳ŮҲĬظŹһӹһƬ
˶ˡ
Ǳʲôεѹסһһһرѹȥ, عڵϣı˭Ҫ׼˭
ΥСŮ̷, Ѿ, Ϣȥ
ִ񣺡ū澸ˡ
􅱿µУȻ, Ǻ߽ʯأԿȻĪ˵ʲôð亹ȷɫûһ£ԵĹŵôҴˡһߺ£һ߲ĵ׵йй˳侲
􅱵°ɡ
ʩʩȻȥˡ
һ
Ҳ뿪ˡ
޹ֻ˫ȷ, ؿڴյ˵ɶ񣬿ɶ񣬲֪ĸݺң
ԽԽ£ȻһΪǵĳŮˡ
޹ίϿһ꣬ҩСأ
СǸץס˵ʵۻСŮҩǺµҡҡͷϵ˲ˡ
ֻ׶༪٣ֱӱеĿھȥˣ㺦¡
޹ҹﲻ˯˰ѵƵ˯µصС۱Ҫ
ҩοֲСҲ֪˭ʹԼ
޹ήҵصͷ
֮󣬹з䣬˸л
޹Ϊ²ϣµһ£֡
˺󻰣Ұ²ᡣ
գ뿪ûСΣлй֡
·ĹפͣƬ̣ĬյĹţżǰߡ
صйСԺ侶ֱԼӡ
ѩĵһõ裬òװţ޵ˮɫɷǺÿˮһ壬磬ǰժ԰õԼɹĲ裬źƽľùúȣ廳ùãˡ
˻紷ʵġ
ЦЦʵЦû¶ǻȥɡ
˰뱭õ裬Ȼض˵ҹˣʲô𣿡
СĿ⾪̣ǵǡ
һյ͵ơ

оžһ죬һСƻһ紵΢Ķҡҷһ£ҪϨƵģһ֮󣬸
􅱽ˡ
һűԻ伥ڽùõԽԽˣʥҲ֪Ҫվӭһ£
䷽˸ݴ񣺡ݼ¡ū֪
ûɵջߵǰ
ͷѥϡ
􅱵վ
ǣľżһֹԹվͷĬ˳
򢣬̧첻ǺͲǺ˵ô˵ˣ
˵޶Ҫˣÿ޶ˣ޶֪֮ʱ׹ˣװúֱ
ôһССŮ٣޻˯ˣ˯㣬ǲТ𣿡
􅱿ըˣôķš
ԭϾˣµãĺݻ˳ȥҪΪӣҪˣ
Ҫɿ΢΢üǲԼ̫ɿ֡
۶գѵū澲޴⣬ūֻΪµ룬вñµˡ
Цˣôǲǻллùþޣ
ǡ
􅱳ȥˣߣ޿ˡ
ߣȥ֫Ҫ۶һ㣬£ӰǵصС
ҧأһξܾ􅱵׽
ǲãյȥ°ͣ򿪱ݣԵԶ롣һŻѩϣҶȼա
һ㶼û⣬ĵֲ֪ɵĻŸء
ִ֮䣬ֲС͵ƣ͵ڵϡ
óĵչȥһߣҧסʵĵ׶ˣһȻѸ
ƿӳ֮⡢ͻĻ⣬һֻᱻѱ¹
бڼϹͣ􅱳齣ֱ㽫նϣ׹ڵء佫ƿĻˣˮȥ
Ϩˡ
ƿеĻͥмµõ壬ĴúСһһؼ֣֦ժ£뿪ƿӣأȼյĲкһ
õ£ֻһ΢죺£޲͸֮ǽ㲻Σū£Ҳᱻ˿ߡΪԺǱūˣ࣬ãӦ׽ǡ
􅱲ϻֱӱ˾ȥ˭ָʾ
ۿ죬ֻֿǱ־ǿ
ңҲǣҲǣִ򲻵ã治֪ôá
û˵ޣ治֪á
ĪޣЦ
û۾ʪˡ
һ۾ص㵱޵޵Ӷڽ£ȴǻ۸һ㣬۸ޡ
䣬㵹Ǹң㵽
ķңӷȣһ޲ʸεصⲻ㲻Ӧձӣ˵ʲôҪ㣬˭˵л
˵ҲҪ
􅱸ˣʣҪʲô
𣺡
仰˵ˡ
􅱵ǻ֮󣬱ûӦҲûɹһ¡
лЦ˵㵹˵˵˹ȥģʲôȫ˳㶼ˣ˭ڹʲôãʳٻ޸ô࣬䣬ڸв֪ʲô֪ģΪʲôҪ
һΪҵ˶ˡһУֻʣԼֻΪԼ
ŵЦһ
ЦڻĶߣĴ̶

ǾãһֻСèСȻԲҪˡ
ֻˡ˶ѡ
􅱵Ļ̧˵ɣǰҲйʱ⣬һһϧҳɡ
֪̫࣬ģ㾡ɰҶơ
Ҵδ֮ţû˻ᷢҹң
ɣһ㣬߰ɡ
ûˡϧ̬ѵü뿪ߡ
ôԸƣҲ
һĶ۵ٻᶨزĿڣ۵һʱ
Ƶץп˵С˵оǲС
ҵģһձһա
η۾һ㣬˳ı¡
ϵ􅱲Ӧʡ
һΡ
иӦҪʵԸ
ûˣŵҲûˡ
ˣҲûʲôù˼ɵˣǣ޹ңֻһ


27 
ֵ, ʱ֤й֮ĴŲ֮, ˸ٴ
֮, ԭΪϻ仳һӣȴû, Ȼû, ๬, 岻ʱش
˹䣬˽ȷ˽顣
Ҳάסǻ, ʫ˵ƽ¹󣬴±ڹУδ⴫޹ܷ, Ҳֻ˵Υ, δдȥ
ʱضԼһһҪع淶
Ը˽죺˭Ųף, ˱лСã⵱ףҲ֪ʲô
£Ϸ˵Ϊ֤ף˵ȻЩ覴ãȴû⡣ŮŮˣϣʱŮӵҪ, ȴϹ˵
Ȼưȴ㻵˳ͬԴһҲǻйֶ꣬లµԭ
𣺡䲻С
˵Ʒйʲô䲻ϣ
һ£ͬˮ˹ϵˣһ
ϻҪı£Ʒʣ˵Щƥ˻δȢ޹ң⣬Ҹģ˼ңƼ̫̫ȴȵ
֪ģǲˣҵĻԼ
ϲԥòҪΪȥؽڰɣƣͻᣬСڹ߶ŮˣøŮһԾνԺˣɲأܵΪ㡣
ֻӲƴǡ
ûҪؽڣкʵĶҲˡ􅱽⣬􅱶ţ׵ˣҪȢˣͳͳȻˣһĶۣο຦ǰ̣
С֮ȥ뱱ߣƽңԭܴ㵽õĲʹȫûôء
˱뷨ûˡ
ǴĻʵۣû˰ֻҪһ仰ܰ˴ˡҲˡ
ǻǾܾ˵֪ôֺܡ
֮
û˵ϸŮ켰뻳ȥд˷
Ϊܳ𣿡
û㿴д֡
дϡ
䶼ˣıأڹʮֱ꣬еöˣͻȻϿϡ֣òϰߣΪ档
ϵҲ֪ԭʲôֻ֪أдϣǰдйд
ԼĴʲô¼ʱ̫Сˣûʶ֣Ҳ֪дʲô˹˻֣ǰļѾҲˡ
ֻԼǵͯʱ׹СѾǡѾʱͽáǴСʮа˸ôУ¼ڼᲾϵĴʲô֪ûв鵽
⻹ͷŮȥȥ
ڹУȥϷһա
һ˵ҪĻţʸھܾ׼
ŭ㲻׼빬ͰˣֻȥһգμСＰ񶼲𣿡
􅱼Լ̫Ͽ˵ˣҲӵõϻֱŤڣûһɫʹȥ廳䣬У鱦Σյգǲ
˵
􅱾ʮʱ£ʱʺֶŮ࣬һңԸֶŮְ켰ʢ
􅱾ȫ£ֻһ˼ǵûͣһֱԼİŮӽҲʮ꣬ңӦҲм˸켰
ţȥõĽ¥Լʯ飬ԼͼǰС꣬ʦ˸Σʽñ£˰һ飬ֻ˵мֿɰ
϶Ȳֻʵ۵Ļʼҹʱϲý뻳͵ʱ͸
ǵûܸˣֺţңҲܴȥЩˣضòءǰұģ㱻ͬݵĻ½㷢֣ˡ
􅱾ÿɰԺҵ˻ϣͿ԰óˣû˸˵Ĳǡ
ˡ
􅱱˵ǰͺֻأ
ãȻʣ֧
˵㼰ʱ֧ñΡ
ˣڹء
􅱵֧ȥұ׼һա
䶫룬ҳδã̫ãɫˣֲܴڡ
䱾ԼǸ޵ˣȥμӹټǧļδⲻ棬􅱶˵ˣҲûнķȥзֵ˾¸ӷһ£ǿܴȥ
룬һڴӦá
£Ϊᷢɡ
һѻѻͷױϻǰӸᷢص޼ǵ㻹ǸСѾͷʱͷû࣬ÿͷġ
􅱽ͷ˳֮󣬻٣֧ǶķΡ䲻ⰮãΪϲ˽´
ֱĻŮ˵ͷòŪãһ-ȥ͵æҵؽסڵϣŷΣûӡ
ھ￴ˣúЦһСЦ˳
µذѷηŻϣ̲סȥЦͷϵһʯͷ䶨ǶЦˡ
ˣӦͺãҲ˰ɣ
룬ϵŮûͺãͲС
׼һݺ񣬽ʱϣһ͹ȥҲԵһμһļһЩ
պ
˹·ûжֱӵִϵķҡ
·һȻĸӺּ˵ǹ˵û뵽ͬ·һֱ档
С
ϵķ˺СҲ³ˣλ˼Цһ˭ⲻй𣿡
ϵλˡ
ϵĳϱϣ买ֵ·ˡ
Ʒף·ҲھƷˣֻٺ»ûʵȨ
ڹм档
߰һλŮ仹ͷһؼŮ·ФƣһĸŮ
λŮҵŮܵϻʺļλѡ֮һˡ


28 
Ůʮҵ, һСˣŶɫ֦ȼ, ´ɫʮˮȹ, ȹأֲǰֻСϼ, ϲ, 鶯öࡣ
ĸ뻳ʺãйӺá
ⲻסش䡣
еĹŮ˽¶λйΪ档
ںʳڵǳϱ֮, ǰ˵йҪм⶯Ҳ֪£һҲûɡСҲڹŮſ, ü˼࿴мû뵽ȻᵱһüŮסҶܺλйǸ˲ģ
˵Сĸ˵ģ˵Ʒ, Ϊŵδؽڡ
ο㱻ˡ
Ǹɶõ, ֻǴɫЩԵĺ, 磬µƵģҶѩŨױĨ׸ӹס
ֹݣһǸˡ
עͷϴΡ
ۡ
߲һ·ˣֹʺһ
䱻ŮԺ̫̫ĶࡣǸ˵ӣ, ĴԴύ˲̫̫ԸҲ޺ȥ͢Ů١ֻ޲ΪӣȻ;ҵȥˡ
ֻǸƷй̫̫ҪģҲƷԱķˣŵǼգ˼̫̫Ӵ
ھ͵̫̫ǵһμ
Ļ᲻࣬ͷЩ̫̫Ǵ򽻵ҲйֵļλˣԵĶ졣
ˣǰģȫǵã˵˼мӣڿƾ٣ŮٽӡЩʹǰûֻҪһɷ˭ЦŰѶԷ˵ٲΡ
˲³̾ݼԣѹ˼йûϵء
ϸĺͽ˾崺ˡ
䲻߲͵һȺ̫̫м䣬Ҳô˵ֻ˵Ҫʱ˵
ںԺתŮ⣬仰ƻػ֮ϣĶӡŮΡͲСȴûˣûӣ޷졣
˵ΪԼŮ׼ױ飬λ̫̫뻳ͣŮ߰꣬ȻѾʼܼױˣҪȫð춫ҪѰľģǰ꿪ʼҾߡ
Щ̫̫˵Լйһ㡣
ǰĥԺӪֻŮ٣􅱺޹ϸĻôȥŮר˾δСǹءЩӹﱻųȥֱźǰݡ
ٿһߣȺδСһ档
ȫʮŮӣǵЦ
ЩŮӣãµ÷ʱ𣬶ܵõĸɶ¡
һŮǽݼǡ
ܲһëΣȾ׼Σÿһʱ˵κһɴأǶǹ˾ģ귢λƽҲòϡ˾־ɵСλ˾¶֣ƳɴΩΩФ
죬սɱһϻɴЩСǷ֣´ࡣ
עţһ˷һ䡣
һͷ϶Ķ仨±ЩŮ˭˭ˣҴСͷϱһɴ
ĵشΪǴӹģŮǷǳ棬Ⱦη
ǲǳԾƣ԰һգĺʱس˳عȥ
бͣƣҹﻹƵˣͰµʱϣӣ˶ٿλ̫̫
򿪻͵ļ㾪ˡ
ƺ϶õͼ㣬֮һװһ׽ͷ棬õˮɫӨ͸һװһͷ棬󣬿Ӧ飬һˮν
ɷ䲻źȻʺĴŮ⹬оӪ꣬ƽ￴Ųɽ¶ɽû뵽һ־󡣡
ûܵǹ˵ĴͣϾƷײ̫࣬Ů٣Ϊйǵٺж
룬Ϊ䲻ӣҲιһСôˣԲǮ
ʱȻõҲ
عǰ·ĸӣȥ
ԹˣҪ·̯ҪһС⽡
˹һָСѾͷһԸԡ
˼飬􅱹ĳԡ
ŷıóԣҵĸʲôҲû˸Զǳʲô⣬ҿɲܡ
􅱵ԼôˣүѾ˶ٺóԵģ
շŻȥԹԻ⣬Ȥʣճȥ𣿡
䲻ÿɷһЩû˵ҵճŮ£֦νֻ֪ˣס
俴ſ􅱼ģҲá
􅱶Ů˼ҵ¶ȤᵽŮЩ뷨²صȽǵĹǣޱػһŮҶĽļ񡣡
ϧû񣬶ĹΪֻǸʽСӣҲ¡أҪǵĺӲ
С˵˺öˣӶԸ⣬ӹҲûãҽ˵ǰ࣬ǲܻϣСûӰء
ǰÿ˵СҪôװûҪôÿɷȴЦó
ѵ˵ʹ졣
סˡ
һֱͷһͷȣͻȻӦ׿˵Ըӣ􅱾Ȼе㼤¶Ըֻ޲ھ͸Сȥûڡ
̫ˡ
Ůڴʲô⣿ϷŪ􅱽Žɵʣô˵
Ϊҳɡ˵裬􅱣£Aһȥúãһȥ档


29 
ôˡ
ǻһ˵ҪԼȥ, 􅱾֮ܳУ㶣ʶѿڶӦá
ôͻȻ뵽ҪȥAԣ
̫ʦ, תһ, ЩۡӦܱӲǣѵҪʲô, ܲӦ
ѷ²յ, һ, ǲµʲôƵģǰӹдֵģҵҲĿŵǰһȥ, ҳƲϢ˽°СŮȥһҲ, ֽк󹬵Ƿ, ǺҲǣ
мֻƣмȤ
Ϊ⶯, ûӦЦһ㲻æúȴпҪҳȥˣ̫̫ٳŽˣ
ǰ˵зæѲ¡ҪȥҲ
􅱶ѵŮˣϵɫȴûһ˿дʵ˵ǻǺæѾǣͷ, İͰˡ
ڹѧ˼ˣֽб˸ɻͺˣϵҲûʲô㲻ɣĻҲ˾ɲˣйе˵Ž֡ټĻʹȱʲôȱ̰ȨĽ֮ˡ
˵÷·һ㣬Ҹһ􅱱ǡ
ڷװ̫ˡ
²һûصǵ죬޶˵ʲôޣ͹æԸȥˣתˣ
һۣȻص²ӦˡҲͷһسū澲⡣
ֺֺЦ
ֻվڱ
ס֣ȥźүүź˱ȥ
ջܻ˳ϣãϲȴûУ΢΢ū澲ȥˡ
˵꣬ԸĹ磬˯ȥˡ
􅱣
ϣ°ͣ룬ֱ˦
Ůˡˡ
Ҳ齱ߣ˸泯
ߣƴļ򣺡ںأ
۾˵ū˯ˡ
􅱱ЦˣЬϴҪץס֣ū澽źүµĹˮˡ
􅱲Ƭ̣¹ˮ²˶ʮգʮգëǺЩˡ
üЩȣ􅱵ĻŲӣ˵ȥH¸ʲô
Ҳ𣬻ҪҪҸС
˵á
˵꣬δ䣬ȷ̵ƾҪࡣ
һ˵ͲٴһֻҪ˵ûѣҪ޴һȥ棬ȻԸ⡣䣬˵ϲңҾʹȥ
䲻ػ
ʣ䣿
仹ûӦ
􅱴չȥоӦ˯ˣҲ֪˯ŻǼ˯ţĸӶܴˡҪװ˯Ǿ۾Ҫ˯ǾǱʵź˯
􅱽Žɵһ£ˣԼ˯ˡ
³鷿
􅱴ĵļ϶˿ֽ̽дŻ֮ʲôٺδͣʲôˣ˵ʲô
ڿĸŮʱָߵ˴˵ͨˣѹֻƽ޹ʵҪԼȥA
ضռҵĴС㣬뵽ҪĻʼɰɡ
ѹֻǴ̶
˵棬Ķ˵ˣû˵ǹܻʲô
Ů˰Ůˡ
˷Ըȥ׼ƥѱСðŮװŮõĹסָȵȡ
һʱ䱸ȫмֳɵġ
􅱾ʹһȥͻ䣬ʦƳɣ˵ǰλʺ䣬ɷһ£ղҹеһѣΪ£Ƕ鱦ʯδЩʵĸоŮӴּ˻Ҳ֪ǴѰõģŮòһֱڿС
ذԼйȥҪ򿪺ӣʲôã濴ѹ֮ȻúЦ
􅱵ʱȥΧͿ޽òã
ͷЦӯӯ
һЦ􅱱ãĿڵĻȫˡ
Ų࣬ߵǰ²ǲҪȥ𣿡
صȥ͸ĸǻùѽùû᲻˵
ʵẠǰգй没٣δ˲ȥ˻ׯ
СŮĳߡ
ڿ飬¡
ѭȥƼƣ˳ɽɲǼһ֦ǸɬŮǰֵӰصֲһʱ׷ıӰһˮɫĹȹ
˵㵭ױüƤˮۣƽմ̫ĴϣȴҲˣȥҲðŮ
겻ͬκŮʱҲͬˣ􅱵Ŀؿڣߴøĸˡ
Ůʱѣ࣬촩ȥˡ
􅱰ϣҰ㱥֣ˣǺϸֻóĵطǰ೤Щѡ޼ǵҲһƽ֪ʲôʱʼԽԽˣض޵Ĺ͡
䲻⣺ֻҵһѣŪࡣ
􅱿ɾˣåŪһòã㡣
㡱е죬û􅱽㡱ˡ
ʵҲ࣬Сѡ
֮ͬμ􅱡
˽ܣ֪ڹдŻƯкӻ˭ʱҲСսս񣺡ߵºá
􅱶Цһ£ЦݸůɰԵĴŮ㣬˭ѽСŮ𣿡
ǣã
Ҵ󻹱С
˵Լ¡
ǱҴһСһΪ˸ءź˵ģػҾá
ǵû죬ڹеһμӣ޴ػ񣬻ŵðѲѧ񶼸ˣ±ȴкӿ׵Ц룬λСƢãĹˡ
գϱǰԷҲע˸ܵͷСŮ˭ȥע΢СŮأ
AһҲû
治֪飬ֻ֪ǰӴ޹Ϊ²ܷλȴûֵܷñ¶ʱ䣬¸߶ˡ
ʱ֪´ʱѾˡ
𾭣ͣ£ԼõļУҡҡͷʷ̫һˡƲ±ʣͷȥһƬޱߵѻѻߡ
ǰձԺ´һȥƵԼСٽʫʣȫˣδΧԡ
¾ܾ
˵ƳˣźһЩ
Ů֮䲻ô£й˵ϣȴţ⹬ϣҪĸŮˣѵҪɣ
ǲǣŮˡ
ûã
ڱǱһŮ˸Ҫ
һֽдһ䣬ƺе̫ˡ
̫̫Ҳ˵ˣǲ͵ҩģָһҽ͹ȥû뵽Ѿͳˡ
Ѹ俴ҽʻ
ҽͨ˵ǣϺй˽ã̫ҽֵ˶֪ʱ򱻽гȥһݲʹʲôżӦȥȵػش̫̫⣬Ĳ顣
˵йӵһֱã갾ˣŲ׼ӹ顣ƽֻһɾţԿȥǿһԵڡ
˵Ļм٣ȥš
̫̫˵û侹ȻǸˡҿΣΪǸء
Ҳ֪ܲΣȴǲʺϸ˳檡
һ·϶˲ȵΧйٰ˲ؽԼңá
µ˰գȰһգA
ҹ
͵͵СŮһȥ

˵ǽֻǸͷѧú棬һʣһѧ
Сһǣ˰ô
УУҹУСǲ
􅱵һѧҪôáѧû£㲻ͺˡ
𣺡ǲһңԼѧôһҾǺѧ
룺ѧð˵ʲôʱͱŻᣬأ
룺Ůˣһ㶼
ԼСˣ˵£ſԼԡ
􅱱ſ֣ͼŻˣյɢȥ􅱻úãܵЩԶˣŻع񡪡
ȵȣҪȥˣ
􅱸Ͻȥ
ܵõ죬סʣҪﵽȥ
µصūأҲͣ
􅱽Žɣѧͦ죬ͣͲ𣿡
䣺ᡣ
ֱ§Լϣ˹ˡ
ȻȥʶΪʲôΪʲô̫ˣڲȫĥˣǳ˿ͷ
􅱰Լϣԣ޸ҩʲô㣿Ըҩʲôģ
ҹ􅱵Ļ˯ס
ת˸еļݵͼ
ԺãȺΧԣȥ͵


30 
ʹ, ս䰲սΣ¼ƽ´, A, ãα, ԲսҲ
ÿλʵ۶Ҫũм϶, ϰ, ʾṦҡ
ųɫװףȹۼףͷ, һչһͭʰһͭоһۻذ, ϹżͲ, װʮö, Ͼ
ӵһºһǧͺΧֽΧΧȦＯС
ߵǡ
н¼, Էʢ֮˽ٵü͡
􅱰ԣΧԡΧƽսררڴųԹ˪v
ȦĶɵɵԷǳף̫˱Եû˼
ǰڱʱԹһֻ׻һŻƤװھС
ܵһ¡
ϻʵ֮ӵ£ܼȥĵطˣ¥׳عȵع
ʿһֻغ׳˶¹£һ¹һȻء룬¹úãһ¹Ρ
ëƤ͹ˮ룬Χ
ӣ룬ǻůͲ
Գá
-տÿ
޽һȦҵһĸȴڣѾˡֻè̶һСûãҧ˶ۣǿɰ
ʧȥĸ޵ιͱɱ죬ֻСǻ졣Сװ׼ȥ͸ôСǿɰˣһϲ
ͬʱ
йУ􅱲ڣңʹаأҲڽڣҳװϻеͼ
佫ͼ̯ϣϸ쿴ȻҳֻĬŮģһҪľǼ·иȫ߱ˣǰҵ˵ĵط͵-
԰̤֮ǣʹҪߣҪȥģôߣһͷ
ֻ¶ҪƾԼ빬һһݷݾߣץסпܰģŻѰٻᣬı빬Ļᡣ
􅱶޵ҪӵĽ˿ƾԼӳȥڵ졣
􅱵ϻװžȫͼоǸĹٵͼΧĵͼȫ
ͼó֮ǰ˳򣬽ͼһŷŻȥװãû˶ӡ
¹дȺ֮󣬱ϿĹģھ׽ʲô
ϯƣһ¹Ѫ²
һݣ㺹ëֱڳ۽ȥ
һۣԼǱʲô޶ϵһﺦ£ֱ
Ьӣϻ࣬ǲڵس˳ȹӣѽȹء
߹Ҳ
􅱲໰ǼֻɰСèرһ§ס
Ϊ¹Ѫڹˣ֮һɵѪζΪ³һֻҰޣһ̻ᱻ˺ҧԵĴ
׸񫣬䱧ﻹз÷ӵףܾûδ磽ڵʣһʱ˷ܣ˱ţ˫β˸߸߾仹ΪҪˤȥŵøϽסļ򣺡ʲô
ȾЦ⣬ʲô뱧㡣
仹ΪҪȥ齣⵹ˣ􅱱ߡ䱻һ߱ĳ嶯ļ򣺡ҪҪȥģ
􅱰ãأ㿴
ϷһСӣŲӡ
һֿĿǣġ
ÿӣļСẹ̀㲻ȥץֻСẹ̀
􅱵ССèϡˡǵĸˣûǹ˶ұǶ˻ǲǺܿɰҪҪ
ɰǿɰûȤСèСûҪֱֻӰֻСˡ
ΧԣǧټƵ顣
Ҳ
ֻСǰӶͷӦҪ
ȴãûĸҲǼӺ˼ҵץƺһ㣬α
Ҳָ􅱲̾ˣﾺ˭
ʣϲ𣿡
𣺡ϲ
ԥţ̽ҪСԴֻСëֱ׺ݵسɲ뱻ҧϽ֡
üСõ-̵-̣ҽ˰ǵļצӰɡ
һæ˵ǵҲأ˱㲻ɰˡأءһѱǵġ
룬Ůˣʴ
̫ˡĵ׸пСʱҪңǻԺԽԽ۸ҲϾɱ
ȻҲǰ˴ҥ۸ûţã
⼸
Ĵ䣬ɽˮѧȪòֺ
֮鵽Ũʱ͵֣ĻϯأҰȤ뵽Ժ˹Ҳû˯ʵˣ߳ģ˯ʵ۵Ļ٣֪ܸҸҲ١
˯ţ˯һһΡ
ֻСҲţÿιιȣϧ죬ҪģԲ
Ի䵹ҲûһֱֻС̣Źɽ֣Ҳûȥѱ
ԼѱҲȥѱ
ҲƷһСȤԺԸŪլӣһֻϲԸ׽СèҲԸҰѱСͰˡ
һֱ̻عֻСҲụ̂􅱴һӣѳϣһعС
佹һ·治ȥ
ջҪװɲٻعزء룬ˣ􅱴Ҳͳֵ̫ãֻʣԼƾʲôҪΪ􅱶ԼΣ
һ˿Ժӹһʱ֮仹
ع֮󣬻Žﱸ̫̫ǧ硣
һ󲡻йٵطλѱ˸ռˣñأΪһûعϺ̫̫󶼸ʹͣ޹Ҳ˸˺ܶҩġ
ʱûԽͷϡ
ڲɫػطȨ⵽ʱˣæң˹
û뵽Ǳ􅱲ˣô¡
û뵽ⶼţѵÿҪæ¶ô̫࣬ˡͣˣƴֻЪЪϡһиʱˡ
􅱵ͬˡҸβˣ
Խģû˳ģãСԺɵصצԼǸƷйԻʵ۶Ҳ
ֻССԺûʲôչܣѩѩСϸģȥѯר˾޳̫ô˸ʳףʹùÿɲԸСóԵġ
˵ֱӸСҲ˱ӣרԺȣ֮θԽãÿնмԡ⹬СŮûĺûʳ
СȴǸѩҪãԺӵֻҲ׻䡣
Цмԣ֪ǸѾͷǸԴƵĺúӡ
ѩ䱻Ͽˣּֿģͨ죬æ¹ͷлл¡
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ֱΪġ
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ѩ˵ǣǣҾùùþǹһһĺˣҡҲùãùùúá
ѩ丽ͣ㻹ǸɵģùȻãǸ֮Ĳء
ѩסСõ֣ҲãǸɵӣֻܿˡ
ǧǰա
ԺУ뻳һС棬죬ԽԽûǰɰˡ
˵᳤ܻ
СȻ̬􅱵ҰѱӦҸѱʦѵ
֪ʼѵѵģƩ纣࣬ǽӥץ֮ҪҪӥ죬ʳҪθϴա
֮ˮӥϴ裬ϣϵôӥվʹ֮ҡΣӥ޷˯ڼֻһˮʮա
ʱӥҪôˣҪôǿһݵƤǣһ㾫ûˡӥ۾ιԶ԰ֻ֪ܻŸԡ
ҡҡͷҪ
ֻԡ
գ˵ֲ㱻ҧóǷŹɽְɡҾǴҲɽ
ЦǸ֮ʣǴСѱûиĸǲԣÿһڳʳϢǷŹɽ֣ܻ𣿷Ҫǡ
ǾͰǴȥӣԸӾͼˣͲҪˡԼѡĻҲԸѡģԹˡҪҴô
􅱸úЦġӣܲܣ϶ˡ
ȻֻȥһӣûӰˡ
ĽϣܻţˣҲ޺Ҳڡ
ֻɵػһգҲùצ͵һӡ
̫̫ǧʱнʢ˶෱ӡ
ʧ
˭ûߣҲҪ˰ˡ
Ҳץȥͷ


31 
컹δ, ӦҪ糯ˡ
йСԺĲ෿һˣͳ̺, һ, ǺǵζֱţһӾˡܹܴ̫, ԭиҪź, Ъڻù, ʡ࣬»ֻҪ̡
й׽ʱ˱Ҫңǿ
´й䣬һϧ, ˽µĻùãƶⱻƼЩˡ
ʹ˯֮С
˱ˣùûźһϴ, ܻ, 糿ʢ¾ʱͻȻ, й֡
Ҳֻй֡
Ȼԡﵢһˬ¹ڳسһϮ۴룬һʪ˿£һ࣬ǰ۽üңࡣ
ֻСĿһ, ɿصͷٿ
ҪõĽԽ罺ᣬµΪã˽ҲЦ⡣
߰ɣ
춼Ǻӣ􅱱ĲɣȻֱŮ˱ض􅱰ŰɣЦʣԸޱ³ԡ
侹ȻˬشӦ²ֲ赭ū澸
Ļֶһ
ûʲôɽ亣ζʳ򵥣һͺİ࣬Сˣ˸һܲƬ˸ͷɣĭ̲ˣг͵ѼϵһԲͷҲˡ
һӰЦˣǴֲ赭
􅱶˵ﲻź°ɡ
ʹ£ֹµİҲԶˡǰֻȵʱ򣬱»ˣAʱʱҲڡ
ֻʣ
һͷһÿӼСˣоЩ޴־ɣ
ʲôЦĻ۾Цһ
􅱲⣺Цʲô
˵Ѱ˼гԵãһܳһܺˣҲûõİȣͨǴҰˡ
􅱾ûоԹŶã룬ų֪ˣĽʳ²쿷ʲˣ
ǰСֻ˵СȸҲѱɽĽ˿ȸˡ
􅱴ǿɲ˰СҰˣȻһС
Ҳǫ飺Сҽʮ磬˵ÿǳףҪǮȥСͯء
􅱻ŸսʱĻ䣬ȻССͷϸ裬ȴһ۾ͿǸСӣֻСȸһɰһ̲סȥĹŮҲǵһȵò
Ůϣܳ䣬ǲɰ
û࣬µʱ糯һĸͷ汥ӣ㾫ȵϳȥˣ仹ſڡ
֣̫ˣȥ˯ɡ
̫ãϲ׵裬㵱ͨɷһڴ˴􅱣ǻʵۣɵĴϢ
ͺܺãһȥҲҲѻŽ֮УŽȥĻžûĺˡ
ȥ˯˸û˯ãȥй֣ǧ֮¡
ǧϯλһöչĿ俴һۣʥҡ
лʺҪڱԡ
ϼˣЩۣҹû˯𣿡
ЦԻù˵ⲻС𣿾Ȼˣ
ڰڣ˰Ŀڣлδ꣬ұȥҹû˯á̫̫ʮʥ٣³ʲô©ҪһʧʧҵС
˵ʱʧ
Ǵβͱһ״
һ˭ٵôãһΣһ档㣬СŮͨͨѧ㣬ôܣǻȥˣ
գ۾ɵЦɻ죺˵ҼһֻСè࿴һŲš
ҲЦš

ûСԺֻйСһӣۣȴ˯š
ǧ¡˺¶Դһ顣⼸ѾΣҹﶼ˯ãһۣ㿪ʼ¡
С׼õĶǵĲ
мʲôСӦ
ԵģһԳȥġ
ʱպȥľȥġ
δʱ
٣ǰȥ̫̫
³Сιȥʱ½·
ŵſڣ̫̫ЦӯӯӣɽϲǶʵ𣿻ѧ
һӵ
ż̫̫һһǸڸɫۣڳȴһ֧ľ
ɲҴ̫̫˳֣֮£䴹ĵزһԣȵʱ򴫻ǰ
˳죬ѭתͷЦˣⲻй𣿺þòˡ
ǡһбĹϣУӽÿֶ˶һۣͺ˳۾ȴ峺ͨ͸
ʱڿһ仨һ֦ҶǳȻ
عף٣˳Ȼݣԭסĺȫθɾˡ
䲻û˳˰ģ
ǰɽϣҺӵĵʿʵ̣էһƼ˳˺ӵģȻо֮С
һʮ꣬ȥʮͷģ
˳任һ£ϣͶ㡢üĿת֮г֮С
񣺡μ˳¡
˳ĵضҪĸװɣ˵޷
̫̫˵깫¡
̫̫ɽϻԺ˵һЩɽϵ£Ϊܰƭɽ
˳ܲӣԼҪɽף١ģѹԼϣ
סһ۹۱ǣǹģһܡ
̫̫˵ԼɽҲĹ͡
˳˵ʲôͣɽס˼죬Һüףԡ
ǵֱ̫̫Ц
߳ܵ죺ū֪
˳̫̫ѹģظдʲôƳһۣҩҩšд꣬˳Ը⣺óԵġ
δһۻ䣬˵йҪҪҲѸ
ȴ̫̫ɫ
̫̫һʿˣ
æܵһū澣ܽ˳ΪҰ
̫̫ȴ˵棬ɡ
ֻ񣬲Ÿ£֣ӣСϡ
˳ָϣƷǷʲôƵģ΢΢ü
룬ضǷҲǴӡ
˳ƢԣӦᵱ˵ȥɣ
ʱ
й˵ϼݵ
ӺŲ߽ԭЦĸ˵ʲôأſھЦҲˡ
һţȴһ벻ĳ侹˳Աߣ˳
̫̫˵Ҫ˳檵¡Īǻûģ
ϵЦһ
һȣҲ֪ģȻʶѿڶҲסطɿĳ֣䡣


32 
ʶԼʧ, ѺҪϵġָ¶ǣǿŲȥ˳ڻϵָ
׹Сڸ, Ƿ
Ҳ֪ʲô
ɼ, Ǿں΢޷ܡ
, ȫ, еһ, 䱻ֱ޲ðѻ䴧á
ƫƫǰܱ¶, װһǫºģ
ߣǿһתЦһ, ŵı·ֻһ˲, һ۱ᷢװ, 䣬ô⣿
Ͻ뿪λ˳ָȻҲ뿪ϸҾμ£ū̫̫ġ
􅱲̲ءŶһĿⲢδϣһ㣬ƷŽĻֻ֣Ϊ֮˶һʱ˳ڶѡ
Ц˳˵, 겻ˡ
ⲻǰ²żͳɶ겻ˣԣ˳ĸȤ£ϻ;û֮Ĺϵһ㣬۵мгЦ⣬Ӧǣ겻ˡ±ȵΰǿˡ
̫̫Ҳ˵ֶϸ׽һµġ
ӻ»ʹҪ􅱼ǵλ塣
λò̸ܡ
䲻ɫ£Ůһԡ
˵òˣ􅱲װǸտһĵʣĸҪ޻죬ԭ밲ȥԺٽȴã£ޱˡ
̫̫Ц㻳ܸɣҲʲô¶ҪѽúõĴϵʮˣδס
ʲô˼еؾﲻԼģش𣺡һ˾УҲܸɣûУǰЩ޴ӻʼΧӦܾùЩҡ
αظпܸɵŮپͺˡ
ߵлʶޡ
һˣ􅱱˳Դ̳
侲Ĭظ􅱺׺һˣһ·СߣһƬ֣ͣ£תŻ䡣
􅱵¡
߱糱ˮȥСֵĸͻ롣
ǰץס䱻˳ֻ֣һ󣺡㣬Ҳ֪Ҫһ£
˼ֱ޷ǰѣҽҲҰ𣿡
􅱴ѬȻص˳ֲǴǸʿܰѸʲôⲻһ
ҡͷūҲܾˣ̫̫Ҫ£ôܲ
̬ȣɲסؽ꣬ץ󣬷·ס׼һͷ̫̫Ҫ˳檣Ҳܾ𣿡
£ع񣬺ԥնصҲӦ
񶨵̫ˬˣ􅱻һ£˲Ŀնɢ泩ǳ⻳̬ȣ˵̲סȻһƫҪ˵ôһϣ檰
˵ū˳ū澲˳ϣū澲檡ôū澻Ը⣿ͻȻô˵ʵơ
ⱻ׻ϣȴû䲻ۣջҰɣæ޲ãǺͿˣղż޾;ۡ
ϻ̫̫˽¸˵˳ɽ˳ƺкøС
Ҳ˵һˣŮɫҲɫ̫̫󲡼ͶҽԸ˵仰˵Ըӡ
üͷһŵĲ⣬ҡͷ̫̫δ˵˵ˣҲԸ⡣
ĵĸףһǻ޴й̲סͷһ촽޵ʱ̫̫˵ˣʹСٺв˴Ĺϵ
˵􅱾𱻻䵱ڱҥ£ͣ£˵֪̫̫Ƿģ֮ûҪ˳¡Ҳ֪ûЪ˼
ȷǵһ˵̫̫ͷǻ
⹬УūŵӱͲŮǣ̫̫Ҳǡ˶Ǹūţ􅱰ȡֵ̫̫ֳһӵ
˭ʹԸԸ⣿
ֶضԸģһã˵ĪĶ͡
˭룬ҲΪܾӦ£жµؽʹ͡
һ룬̲סЦͷ·鼸䲻£֪һӦġ
䲻˳檣ҲĲɽӣⱲӣֻµй
ɵŮ١
˵ûû黰
ǿٵصͷһء
􅱾ȻñȻнŶԽӿǣĶ챻Ŀⱻûˡ
ֻһ䣬􅱱ˣôһ˲䣬ԼǸʵۣ޲뻳ɽ˺ģǧǻؿڣһʱ֮䣬ȴ֪ҪӺ˵
ʱ򷴶˼ᱡ䣬ؾص֣˵ҲֻҪ޵йλһգй֮λ㲻ˡ
䱻۾һգգضţҲе㷢գЩͷ
룬⹷ʵҪҪʱ˵úƺһʲôʱߣòỹҪһɣ
룬ţɿһ¡
􅱱׵ˣ겻ᡣ
幷һ˵ɣĻйҪ죬̫̫ǧ粻ʧǧ꣬ÿˣҡ
ڽţȥϢĶ䣬˵ʱٺú㣬У㲻ҪС𣿱пСˡ
Ķˣ͡
ȴû÷ֻܷŻ뿪
ؿŻ뿪
ĪڴͣתһԼȴûȵ
ûлͷɪ֮УһĨϣ˸䣬ʧҰ֮Сٿˡ
Ҳν뿪ȥ
߳Ƭ֣ǻϣҲֻŮ١
֪ͷ֣͵͵黰
һ뵽˵ҪСڴ
ˣۻӹһɣԵһ֮ͣʱ⻳һʹΪ
ʹڻʺ֮£һũŮƽŮһˡ
Ǳߡ
С
̫̫˳˽ûΣ
˳⣺ʲôΣͦй
̫̫ȴ⺢ӡ㣬ƲƵϻ䣿Ըź㣿ɽʱɽŪׯӣȤɽ㶼ˣ˵ʲôɵҪӣˣҾͲˡ
˳ܲТ˳صҾ֪ӣȻ˵ˣҲɽԭˡɨˡ
̫̫һ£ô˵ģ
˳ɵذڳʿļƣǳˣ뷲ҪӡҸй˵ҲֻǾеȤˡȤҪ𣿿£¡
οйӺһ¡
ѲҲŪˣôûйУȴ̥
һδ޵Ĵ
δ޵ǲܻУиСͯ׾һûĹһͱ͵ǵɽ¡
̫̫ۣЩ꣬˳ҲûüŮȤ
˳˵ͱˣһ˳Ȼá˵ǻϵͷãҿûܴˡ
ʱ˵йǲ˼˳
ӹһǰ俴Ǳ顣
˳һ
ĪһƽĻ棬ʱɽϣһˮ̶ߵ㣬һ㣬һקҲҪ˰㱻õˮ
ǸܶŮˡ
δ°ŮˣϵŮҲ٣УҲϡ֮ˡı濴ȥжݣľжգ˳Ϲϵ쳾֮Уȴմһ쳾ȤȤ
ȻкϷɿ
˳ݼĸף˳Ъһҹڶδ𴲽
̫̫ʮٳüΪ¡أнϯи裬гϷˣ⼸ҹﻹҪ̻СŹǴ󳼲ʸΪ̫̫ף١
һв߻þ
ûټй䣬룬Żйͳȫְɣô£ܹõɲס
ĵڶ죬˳ѾףĸѾ񣬿Իɽȥˡ
ȴС
׼ȷ˵Ƿ˳ǣ˵Ϊ̫̫ٳΪȫգʽ
˳ʱ˵й̫أȻһվ۲ˡ
Ų
~~~
ҹѤõ̻
žꡣžꡣ
Ϊ壬ǿӦϯһ뿪㲻ǿջЦֱȥԺУߵſڣƽص޹
̴Ӳٸǰ
ɥ鰸Ե£ûƣںڰ֮С
塣
ӻҳͼֽǻʱ̫æģžÿһ;Ǹĵͼ
һգֻ鵽иšӵĹŮй֮Ҫ£ЦǣٹƻAʱ˵СŮһȥġ
Ů˹󣬾һˮУϢʧˡ
Ķ߷·𻹻Ż˵һμʱ仹˵ʲôҪС
һתͷûӰˡ
ݵŮ˰
ҹʱ϶ֽѹһţǻҵıʼֻһ仰
ꡣ


33 
ǧĵһա
˵, йŮٷйУ֮Ů˯ҷ̴ɫٷӦڴ׷װ, ðСŮ
ֱ֮ӻһ֧ɰĹŮ빬, Լģֶ, ˶¶, ӵĹŮ뻳ϵԶ, ҲûעʶСŮֻΪġ
Ȼųȥˡ
ǣһ£Ҳһ¡
ʧ̫, ֻ鵽˹ţ֮Ӱ١
ʵǲףôӣȥģŷ, ʵһ, ޿뿪ʹȥģͶ˭ܲģ
֪˽϶û, ˭ðŴҸʵԣ
􅱽йСԺ̻СѾͷʣҧгݵʣǹùأôûǹùûˣ
ùûһΣ治֪ȥġ
ѩͷſˣūūҲ֪
ѩ룬ǻȻƵģ£ùýǽ仰
ѩҲˣǡǣù˵
ûʣ˵ǹùø˵ʲô
ѩ˵ù˵, ϱ¹ʲôʹʲôǲԹԻش𣬱լʺλΪǡ
˵꣬˶ظͶصĸ׿ͷ
һʯӶѵ
ãܺãʾҪЮΪ͹
ЦˣūŶط
˽СѾͷֿʡ
˵Ļʲôʲô޲˽ôССѾͷǸǳһ̡֪
ȷʵʳһЩ􅱲֪£˵ʱ뿪Ҳ֪ȥġ
ѩĻ˵ǣū澻Ϊùȥˡ
ڸʱǶǵһԣȥˣ
ȥ˭ˣ
СѾͷһһҹ˯􅱱Žɣʲô֪³
ʱͷϣ޲Ҫɱйޡ
֪޲ԣ⼸չڻʲô˵ʲôȫ˵ˣǰ£ҲȫһԽ˵Խ࣬һֱҲûꡣ
ʹùãΪʲôϲ֣ù˵еӶڸвһߣרҧŮˣҺע룬еŮ˶ٲ·ˡ
ùû˵ŮӶɼʹޣԼԼҲǲԡ
ǰǰȥɽׯԺдŻùãһʹùãǲǻټù˵ù˵ֻū벻ӣ벻ūţ
ѩ˵꣬ͷͣ쵽Ҫը
ֱӣȥαĿҪƽľӰ֣ˡ
侲ɱʲôã
˽⻳䲻ǰ˽ͨһֱСŮ½Ůˣκ˿ߵСŮ
¶֪ɪɪСӣȻ仹˵ǵиӣӦǲɣ
֪ģʱȥԼõ¼棬̸ĹΡ
ѻ겻ģʲô𲻳ֱð𣬻ܿŮ٣ô
Ҳûβ꣬ͼ۾һ죬µŵôס޴롢Ͱ͵㡢ʲôʦͽǵˣԸ͵Ҹҿޣ
޸ֻͣóԼӸᣬӶʪˣʱҲ֪ΪʲôһޣòɣǸҡҲˣˣǲסȥǣĲģԺٲ㱿ˣˡ
ҡҡͷӣ˵ǼǲסҴҽˡ
ֱΪᣬʣǰ˵Ϊ׽𣿡
ͷ˵šǰ˵Ǳ¾ƺվͱ˷˾
һ˵᣺㲻ǳȥ۶ðҽͶ˵ܹǮҪңҵġ
ʾˣ⹬ҹŮӲĽҲǡ
׻Щ󻹵˸˵֣ǻ֮׷ֺš
ʺƶʣݲҲݲ»Ľ㣬תͷ븸˵һ䣬ǸСŮԼСģʧˤˣҲһʱɫ⣬ûа飬ѵΪһ޷֡΢СŮʺ󲻳ɣ
Ǿֻʧȥĸһһȡů˿ڡ
䵱棬治˵֪ݽ棬ֻΪҾͱҪԹ𣿾ҪҲһԹ𣿾ΪұҾ͵ʵΪȥ𣿡
ļһæס죺Ҳ˵
ǿӯʪȼһŻҪһȼʯ٣ٲ
􅱵ҲһֱʡƾűڹֻҪȥ˼ͶĸĸźãԼò֮λ
ȴ乴ţҲ뷨
Ҳ˾ĻӣѵעҪ£Ͳϻλ
֮ıģҲġ
֮£ĪӲġ
գͷܵȫѲ龩ǣ¶ˣؤҹˣֻʭҲñˣûҵ䡣
ƾʧһ
ܰǷ÷ǳѸ٣һʱ䷢ֻ䲻ڣ˷ǣʹ֮ǰΪ̫̫ٳžͰصüΪʵҪϸ̲顢˶ݡ
ջ빬󵽷ǰеǼڲǵȫһ飬Ҳûκɵ㡣
뵽ѳǸǺĹٵͼ־û䲻ǲѾӳˡ
ǻȥˣ
ȥûֻȥ磬Ż᳤;ػĹ硣
􅱸ɴлػϼš
ֵ֮ģżҹ˯ţԲ£һ۾μѡ
һŮӣô߻ȥ·𣿲ɽﱻǻв𣿷¶ܰס
ôôأ
䱻ôһеӳȥóԶٿࣿҪݺݳԶٿ࣬һٰһ֪ĺáҲˡ
ʱ
ҹѳߣһƬž
࣬Ÿ߹ҹߺڰƲ̫壬ֻöԷϱĽҪСһЩ
һҹұ̲ס˵˵Ȼʹ˯˸Ƿˡ
Էȴ˵ֵܣŵģҲǸջ˰ȥ˯ء
˵ţơ
˵˼仰ⷦ
ЩֶˣҲûץסء
ǰҲ֪Ҫ⵽ʱҲɣҶаûҼˡ
˭֪أ˵ҪʮհգϣЩץ˰ɣҲ֪Ҫץ˭
СһС̣Ϊϵ̣ٻͷҲ֪ȥˡ
·˲֮ϵ¸ˣؿڵذյʵ
ʱȥ֮󣬾͸İˣŻʱ䣬ػ˹
ڲ乬һС
һ͵飬ûˣʱһ뵽ľ
һЩʳһҲڶҲû̫á
֪һߣ􅱱Ҫѳǣ޴ɶ㣬ûǣΪǶ׽ˡ
ԣڹУ϶􅱲һֱǣⲨѲ˳ˣŻ
ǹһˣ˿Ҳζţô飬Ҳ˻йܡ
ߡ
˻ʹʮ֪꣬ȫйˡг̣֪⹬Щ©õʱˡ


34 
ͻȻһԵز, һ̯ӣйһţҵüλùöϳ֮, ǰѾһ׼׵, Žǧ簲ȵذ
Ͻնû䣬ȥ, ȻҲ, 󲡶, ˵ͲȻ˾Ͳˡ
ǵǰһŻʱȻЩۣһҲ, ôͻȻ͵أ
һϽݹòǧ˳µذˡ
뻳ͷ, , Լй֮λֻһ֮ң
λãƺ뻳ǰһ, ֻǸ˵ģе
Ʃ⹬䲻ҲͰˣߵСŮҲˣϻػûС
һʱģһ»µľˣǰûע⣬ϸŷһЩԾĵط
ĸ˵ʳסоȻֹŮ, A֮ǰķ֮УȻ˺
´ӰǰʼطſµȨҲΪʲôʹλͻȻˣҲδҡ
ʱƻ衣
Ϲƣ⹬Ųţ˳뿪
ÿӣֻ·ɫɫҴңǣҹڽι䡣
ÿ춼ܼһһĴŲ飬ƺʵץһŮ̿͡ڰ֮ġϲδд£ǧйͷβδ©Ĵ̿ͣ
֪ģʧٵй
͵һӣڱסһƻްĹߣ룬ְ£һҪǱʡ
ϸɹг֮壻¹Ͷ֮ɡû֮ء
ϡ
Էء
֮ͬ̽ھеȵߪְ˷٣½磬ϯ磬׷ѣҪ̡ȴ˳ǣʱ߲ˡ
½µ˺Ժõʱ䣬һӵܣɲֲܳءȥǷȸķУɻ󾿾Ƿʲô¡
ãȻһ֪
ֻͬþ䣬ַǵĹپǻϵױƺȫѲһŮӡǽһСؼҴ塱Ĵӷ˸顣
ٳʵ޴ӴĦʥ⡣
ؼҴ徿ʲôأ˭
ǣ͢£Ⱥɻ󣬻Ϊηǣ޵Ѱˣ
ѾʮգٷˣҲûɼˡ
˳˵ڿԳǣһʱҪŻɽһˣݱףֱˡ
̫̫ԹһлӣТӡ
˳ȴⲻТӣǲˡ
̫̫õ֣Ҳ֪´κʱԸɽ
˳ȹ꣬ɽݼ
Դ뿪֮˳ֱɽƼ˳ȥտգʱֻһۡ
·ϲֱͣڣˣ˰²ɵĿɵۡҲضһš
ʱѾʻ˳ſڡ
˭ֱ̲ӱйȥ
˳ǣһ·խֻʣï֣ˡ
˳ߵ¸壺йӣɡ
˻Ӧ
Ƭ֮
˼춯ʱܣȶˡ
խվţҲ¹λ£˳¡δң
˳֪ǲ֪ȡһ壬̴̣ϬӣмСϰڿ·ģ塣
ȴûӣֵ¿ڴ˽ҷ£Զ֮У֪޹ء
˳̧Цһ£û£һ̰ɡ
ûټлʣΪʲôҪң빬֮Ҳй䣬ֻϣǻ˳Ķ顣
˳ӰںãϬϷա죬ںһʱ̧䣬ȤػΪҾȤ
ϾȻиŮӣһ˵һӣҲ뿴ݿɷ
˵˵ţһ£˻˿ȵȣﻻ·ǶƼˣ
䣺
~~~
ն˯ڻ˯ߵĴϣǳһ˯ţԲ£һȦ
Գȥˣȴʵ۶ָڻʹ֮УδҲȥá˵Ů˲˶Уֻ͵͵Ѳ顣
ȥĶأ
ھǣҲûлĹ硣
ÿն棬˵ҵˡ
ûС
ûͨƾһˣӳ޵ģ
ҹڻĴϣ˸Σμֵ¡
ĸʺ֮
Тҹ뻳͵飬乬ƫƸһò
俿ĻУ˵Ҽѱ˳ҲڹУɣҳòã
ʱ׳־Ҫʲô
ſĻ˰ΣãȻ˵֪СԺϰɡ
ֱЦż꣬ˣ
ȴñ㵱ΪˣҸ㻻ְɣ
ʣʲô
˵䡣
ǻǰһ˶ȡ֣һ뵽ǸŮˣһֱȡ֣Գ˼Ծ黳Уֲ𡣡
Ż֣Ũ뽫ԼĹѪ֮У䣬䣬ǲǸ֣ܺȵңٵȵңΣգû㲻УȰңҵϻʵۣ˵
֮
û˹Ůй䡣
ꡣ
ǵûгĬ˺ܾãε̾˿ԥ˵㵱ϻʵۡ
Ϊ⣬Ӧ£ããʱ۹ͣط㡣
ҡͷҲҪͣʱسŵ߾ˡҽ˵ˣҪһ硣
ܾûֻ˵ЦƺԼûֻһʱ㯡
􅱴ǰ·ԸŻұ⡣
£ˣ»䲻ˣˡ
᲻ȥˣ
Ҫ˰ѹеоһ顣ԸȥģҲù
˯ţĿ۵òɣ˿һѣŶ
ˡ
􅱶ȥ뻳䶨ĵطŶ룬㣬ס
͵ưյһ
ˮû꣬ʳĸ㶼ʡ
˰Σǻ鸽һ㣬лЦ
Ļ£һֱڹУȻ£
ȻŮ˽ּթֺģ֪Ҫļϲȫ


35 
乬йȫһ, һ©ûҵ䡣
ʱҲûѶȫ, Ů, , ˼, ±³ôˡСĶһӦȫ, иС裬һ̼ûꡣ
ĻҽﻹаӣǴ乬Ժİ¼ģĺ, ҹߵص£𿾰
һ뵽;ÿҪը
ƫպһŮѾˡֶǲ, еĿܷи, ǹ͢ܣ⹬ֲܲ͸硣
⼸, 􅱽µĶȫһ
鱦ΡһӦ£ȫڹԿ׾ͷϡͷбСӣ¼֧ϸ˺ºգʲôںʱѶ١
, ߵǮǡЩڹеŮŮٵٺһʮĹŮʱİ÷ãһһδá
Щ˽ͻĸֵһᣬţһë
˻ôɶԵΣһûߡ
ʲô˼
䵱ʲôأʲôõģͰ͵ǰģȴмһˣġ

ƭԼ˵䰮
ʵ˭ˡ뽫ڻУþеȨȴԸⱻ֮ⷽ䡣
ÿ³ҪǬ幬Ժӣӵٵֻʣ֦ٺҶһ䡣
ԼʱüѹӣԸ᲻óԣҪͰ͵ȥǸСŮԡǰǰʱסԺ
ϻʵۣᵽǬ幬󣬲ֲ
Ǽȥ߳ǣԺ˿ˣʱѾһϢҺûû͸һ֦ŵģǤǬ幬Ժ
һѲףȥ֮ҪŻῪʼȽĹӣ±ȥũ飬˹ũڻԺֵһãһιҹĹӲãɬ
ҲҪ͵͵ȥ俴ֱѻЦſЩֵÿӨ̣һ
Ѷȥ˾ƣͷ˴˼ѵĶ׹˽ڻ䣬ȴûô
˵ū澣õδȥһӾͱˣ˶֪ҿɽͲ塣
ҹӡ
ʣϣѾжʮûˡ
һԲĵӳٱϣ񣬼ȲҲϲ
Դй䲻֮һֱսսƣһŭʬĵ´ŭ˱£ȴһֱδȵ
⼸ڳϣҲûƽʱʲôͬûǨŭˡǰйʱżܣű¶ҪһЩ
룬ڻйҲûôҪйʱñʧ̬»ΪѰˣǣû˾ûˣ󹬼ǧйòĲ֪
Ҳ֪Ϊξйӣ
һûȥ󹬣üλǴǴ㡭õķӣǱϱӣȻΪһŮ˶Ȼˡ
ĸУôһбµİôһôƵĹŮ磬סأ
􅱵ͷƣһ¡
ǵǱ˵Ц˵ҪѡŮѿ춨˰ɣԺ˵˰ɣҺôƹܹ͡й
􅱱ֹס飬˵ⲻȴ𣿡
ЦˣҲ֪ĻΥĻЦЦ˵ֻǸū澣Ǳ£ʲôأǻǰ͢һֱڴߣ֪һգͲᣬҲʱÿ֦ɢҶˡ
􅱻عְ̧װƵ̴򷭣鷿źĹ˾Ĭطڵء
Ȼû˵ͷܻؿһֱ޷磽ʹʹʣ⼸գпʲôͬ
͹ڵϣĦ͸􅱵˼η߲ѵػش𣺡һаá
ʣйأ
͵ûûУһ˾ûκ©
􅱶ȻŲæһ磬ֱȥֱֱſ񱼶ȥ
ҹѹرա
סȥ·ͣڹǰ̧ͷΡʵĹŹǽ
ʣ£Ҫ𣿡
􅱵ء
Ϊʲôأ
䲻ˣʹһӰ춼ûֻһːjѵ
÷·ʲôĶԨ֮Уţ޷سȥȥԼİŮˡ
~~~
Ǹûʵۡƽ˵
˳˵
֮䣬̸˭˭һûʵۣһְܳĻʵۡ
ũ֮ŮȵλʱΪ˰벻Բĸײˣﻹֻȥιĸһˡ
ĸˣ㽫Լ˻Ǯĸףи˾ˡ˾Ҳңҳˡ꣬ɴҲԼţ˵žۡ
λ룬統ʵۣҼӦڴˡ
ƶ벻Фʡ֮֮Ҳ
Ϊ֮߶ҲȻ˼ߣ
סɽУһ֪СľУͽıڡ˳ˣû֪⣬ɽԱȥɽˮעһЩҲˡ
һ͵ĵۣԼ˸ĳߴ磬ϣͷһ纣һľ֦ϴǦؾ
˳Ƕ֮ĸ֮ºȤһ۾Ϳ͸ˣ£óһ壬ַɿزػȥʣһ׼ôأɽȥĶҪ·粽С
дҲûʲô̶ļƻعȥĶУԵ˵ֲֻд룬еȥɣҿߣԽĮƽԭҲ³ɹ􅱹ܲŵĵط
ȿˣұ
˳Цˣ㵹ǱһҪң
޾ɫصһУҲᱻκζ
˳ŵġ
ͣ£ӣȴ´ˣüûУˣôӵôصĶ
˳Ƭ̣Ƶģ䲻ʣΪûһ𣿻Ϊ룬ԼǸӣ


36 
ʱ, @ϸҡ
ⱻɽ˹׵
ֱ壬֮ȴ, ȥ಻ֹ
ϲÿ˶ʸ񵱸ĸ, õĽҲһ, ɽ, ƽϡ
˳ΪȤ, ƴЦΪҴʹԹ̻ǸС۵Ůˡ
ƾʲô˳ˣ͵ûشô, ˭ʹˡ
ͷû̧˹˵˵, һ, ˵ĶŮ鳤ɾɣ

˳ͷġ˧Ե, 㶣Ҳû׷ʡվҪĺ𣿲Ǯ
ԥһ£ίܾллĺ⣬ˡ
˳ΪɨˣҲǸƢʱˣǸŹֵŮˡ෴, ¶潻벻ˣҪԼأΪŮӣȴҪκˣǰɣֻҪſһ䣬ʡ࣬سô࣬ȴҪԼһˡ
عⱲŹˣ𣿡
䱻סˡ
ŹˣڹУ˶硣ʶ􅱣ںڰ໥ˡ
ع񣬻ش𣺡ûС
ǹ˼ҵһƬ⣬û˱һͨ̾˿Ҿؽ͵һȷ¶ֻ̫±˷֡
Ǹӱ͸幫ϼ£չأԸɨĹԳ͸ɷˡ
˳ʲôģҼѳң㲻ĳͲúͶ̥𣿡
ʵ˵ܾĻ
˳ʣһƣͶ̥кŮľϡ
Ƭ̣ŶȻش𣺡к
ʳء˳롣ĻѾС˰ɡ
¿ԵĺӰɡ
ȿӦҲû֮󣬸ɰȻȢ󡣿˭á
⼸˳һֱ׸ͷͲˣСͽϲ䣬ÿյ߶߶ͷܣ֪жԸ
ֵ˵Ҫȵķ£Ÿʮ꣬Ļôࣿɲҡ
䰲οûϵ£ŵ˵ͺˡ
׸Ҳô࣬ʣʲôأ
˵û֡ͳҲҵĶĸ£ϧûһס
׸۰Ͱ͵ãǻҡҾûùһǸסҪͺˡ
ɥ˵ҾͲᱻˡ
ͷ
⼸۵¡
ڴڼ䣬Ҳ棬Ҫæ⺢Ӳߣĵģûֻ֪Լһ֪
ҽҲ֪һΪʱʹֻ˵һ䣺ÿζҪҺȱ˵⺢ôûģ
ҽ㲻ˡ
˵Ҫڱǰ£᲻ˡ
֪ǲķ飬⼸μ˵£Ŀա
Ǹø硣
꣬뾩ĵڶʱԼССʲôҺŮٷҲȽϿɣûб˷֡
ʱˡ
вƹĻ̻̣Ļ˼ܷϾ̥
֪ӦãӦãǣңͻȻ˸Ѫˣʵڲҹ˯ž
Ŷһıǣȥڸǲסе飬˷֣Գ֣
һŮôܻУ˭У
桷̵ļ˽ͨ
ô죿ô죿Ҫȥڹе
ÿŮ˵㣬ԼͻȻ÷ǳ޷Ա״̬
ıΣôӣй֣Ӧˣ􅱶⹬аäһ㡣
뿪вӣ¸á
⺢ӾҲһܻȴǻˣαΪһδ֪С􅱶յվ
ôҲӡ
ʱʮ꣬ĳûӲ֮Ҳֱ̥ҩԼѰһӣֿöҩģҩ
룬֮֮ͳҩӡ
ǼÿҹﶼΣμһ􅱵Скرףôѩɰ
һûôᣬһҹͿޣ˯ˣμǸСкޡ
죬μԼſСкŶ˵Բ㣬Ҫ㣬˵ͻزˡ
Скᣬɵ˵ˣޣҲ鷳ˡ
±챻Ѫ죬ʹʡ
ûüҩӱԼˡ
ʹҲԼ̡ϴûбĵˡӣɱġ
~~~
й֡
СŮǶùãùõңùȻҲǻùʱÿմǣֻǸڻùĴ䣬ú÷ء
ѹֳơ
أһαһ棬ѩѩ䶼ʧˡ
˽Ҳۣ˭óΣǰӷǣѲʹĻ̡̻Σ뻳ƹʱˡ
ʱд˵ǰӾıѲļˣǲˣˡ
йȻ󲨡
ڻ¸ɻָܣ˭ܽܣԵҲˣʹŮٽô꣬ûΪӶܷƾ޾ݵǵϷɲС
йֵ棬Ϊ²ϲҲ壬̫ˡ
У˭ûչĶݣԼǲˣйϧ˵йˣֻʱԼǸˡ
ͻȻˣҶΪġ
ùþȥˣ
֪
ջӻùƽ
ĸĳĴùǼˣùǼˣ
ɻùòҲ壬йֲҲ塣
ͻȻʧ٣һ£˭˵ʲôʱͻȻൣǺͲ
йİ壺йӲܣҵȵԳס
֮󣬷Ҳ֧ľ統֧Ůһ
ǣһʵĳйǡзʳޡйָŮһʵֱۣԻףǱʾӦ¡
Ƿֱ֪
ǶԻùġ
ʾڹɢҥԵѾˣǺ߸㼿ǹڻ¡ϴΣҥйȾûϵһҲزһ
йŮһǩԡ
ŽΪ˵Ůˣипǧ
䲻ڣҲûȫûӰ뻹˾ã־ǻĲͬɣ飬ȴĹеõ˵ӵδȡ
ʹԸοֵĹˣĵй
􅱵
ʱֹŭĿӣһ㡣
Ȼ򾲣ܲϣҲд⡣ΪӦѲйСԺ֪Ϊ˾ΣǷǮƱ֪𰸡
ԣû˵ֱ亹ֱð˫ȷǻѾ˵ڣҲˡֻԼûΣֻҪ˻Ϊ֮ƣֻܺĵס
˵ȥˣʵ便ȥģֻǼʼˣϣٺϴһ˵һµػ˹
ÿÿգϻָ絶ˣƾʲô澶磿
ضл͵ĽΣûϣͿôͣ
һֱ˵ĹϵҲϡ
һٻزˡ
􅱲ش
³顣
һֱĬǵһ̣ȶˣ􅱵ʡ
ŵĹУһѽ
ʧȥ˵йСԺű򿪡
˰ӣԺԼලѲ顣
Ŀ֮£йֵĹѲ˻ӡ
ⲻ黹ãԽԽȡ
йСԺǽ⿴ۣ䷿Уһһ磬һһ⣬Ǳ˿ľβϯӣ̴ľӣκиˣֻöʮŵ飬һϻӣҴģ˵ʲôɺʯҹȵ䱦
ɼлùһ˸
ôܣҲûôùպô
ֹ˲ɵľһ֮һٱ䣬ʱŻùõףտʼѲ飬ʧΪùṵ̂īˣʮʧȥ־ССй̰īҲ̰õĺö
ôƱģ
ԺϾǵĻϣ˸ҳʡ
Ҳò׼ϵǺ⡣
йԺаڷšǰǴµһ֣У̫ˣס»ǲҪЩģ
Ϸŵ鱦ҲǼʣʹŮ˵ļʡ
ֵǵĳ谮ֵǵļʡ
ʲôأ
ֲҪ
􅱵ûǹùõסЩȫġ


37 
һʱ, СԺѻȸ
˶ˣô˵ʲô˼
ǰй仹ڳ壺²˽, ´, ƾ졣
˵ϡֱ׳·, йֵĹŮǶԸʹ˵鱦͵, Ȼ˲Ը˽ķȥ롣
ɵ, Σزֻվ֮ԶĻϣȻޱ̵ط, ˴֮䣬·һεǵһ㣬ңɼ
ıÿһ, ıһ硣˵İٳ, Ǯ鱦, ζϲ㣬һϲ㡣ıжأϲжأƻ鱦˵õĳ谮һ˳ҡ
͹˻䡣
Ūһ¡һֱΪϲջΪݵ΢Ϊ෴ǻ䲻ݳ谮
һʼͶˣѹȫ̽䡣
, 񣬹ȥ£һҶĿԴף´𷣡
һԲ鱦ǻ䱦ûеһ֧ȡ֧οȥۣһͲأʽЩ棬ñ£мֿɰֻҿҲʲôֻһ֧ͨĽΰˡ
֧Σ㶣Ѿ¹ȥ£ǲɵһϸȴ־ôһ
֮ǰδһһ鿴Σ͵̫ˣֽŷ֧ҲûߣǱǧٿ׵ֱһԭΪʹȴ۵Ժ
􅱵͵Цһ֧ӴС
ϼд⣬βй̧Ϊ֪Ըó֮λ½Ҵ乬Թԡ
ƫͷӸµƳһֻۣñ´һʫ·ֻ룬􅱵ڼڽض˵ǰЩСֶ

ʤ䷳䵭˵ǱԸ
Ҳ
պ
Ū࣬ΪɣĹᵽƫ꣬һɼ롣䲻ֱӱ乬ȴҲˡ
й˽²ֶߣ􅱵¸ɴഫ˳ȥ
ܷѾĻţıƣɡ
޹˵Ůҩ޷޵ô˵ţô˵ıˡ
ѲǺ޻䣬޺ϣԸʳԣȴݺ
е˵Ҿ˵ϲԵ޹ʵطһϲ
Ҳ۾˵ԼףҲ㶼ˡ
һŮһӣڹг󣬲֪ͨãָ͹ˣǲ֪߳ܡ
˵ôͻȻˣܲܡܲ˰ɣ
ɽеĻȫȻ֪еķ粨ΪûĺӼ鳬ȡ
գ׸ͷ·ϵһӣѷˣһ·ʣ°뷹˼˵ˤˣķһ룬ֻʣЩˡ
һСèƵģ̿ӹطϣٽ£ˤûУҿ
׸СƵģͰ͵˵ԣҶ·úûˤѪֻˣ·ˣ׸·ޱţϴɾ·ٷ첹ɹɡ
׸ޱܳùԺʲôԿľƣѾī֭дȥˣ֮
׸ʣʲôأ
ûˣûȡֻ֣ҵĺӡ
֪ԼʲôĺҲû֣һĸӡԼ»ҰȴϣɵĺܹתͶ̥±ҪͶ̥ȥ˼ңиףҪ㵹ùĵˡ
׸Ϊ˵üΣҪҵ׾ͺˡ
£׸½˸ס֣ɰ׸ֻˡ
Ĺ¶Сͯö࣬ʱûˣҲֱܷ棬»ùø֣Ͳˡ
̵ؽÿ·ЬӡӶҪùø֣ˣСûֱ˵ֻõûȥ´δûĹ
ϻظǼأ
׸ͺ˵᲻ô
˵Ҳϡ
׸ͳҲûѣѣѣȫ꣬ҲѲ˶ٹ˾ߣڵҲ˶ã庢Ӱա
׸ɵ⻵ˣСͯ·ô˵ĲһˣȴˡÿջŴ
ùûһСϳ֣һԵ롣ʵĴ岻Ȳù߾ר˾ڴ˵ĹŮоҲȥǮˡ
׸ĲɣÿնҪӣȴ᲻ò
תԽԽ䣬׸ϻùø޲ްۣӭ
ɽ˵һѩ
ѩ
􅱰ѩѩСѾͷŻйСԺÿɨķ䣬ʹ壬пˣǽȥʻҪǽ˵Ļ
ͲˣúõˣôͲأ
عؿϲ飬Ҳûҵĺۼ
ܵĻ䣬һֻèʱõģԽԽң죬䶼һˣԶ˰ɡ
һ˼Ѱһ水Ͱعӡ
ûþǹ꣬뷱æúܣô֮ǰȥɽϰݷһ»塣
ܵǻֹ֧ûÿҲһλ塣
֮˼ѹ֣ʵҲûţҸطӱաȴ˶̸Ҫ̸ģ˳Ǹѵѡ
ֻգͻȥʵۡ


38 
ɽһ, ɴӴ˴ֱӳ˳£³ֻ֮Ҫ߲Զ͵ɽˡ
Ϊʵۣ˭ܹ涨, ɽز, Գ˽Σ, ԼɽܼǵŻ, խɽϻ, ǴʵҲԴദһеԿСҰֻʣݲҶ
, СͯŴɨ㣬Ĵɨ
׸һ, ϻػùǵ, ˵Ҫסüգһ, ͰѻùǣˡԥѣҪҪȥ֪ͨһ»ùã
żǰͣһ½Ųز׽Скϸ΢ĵ⣬תͷһۣ׸ŵһɪæͷɨˡ
ֻ̫ɰɣ°ڣ󲽿żԺС
ͯ˵ڹ, ӭӡ
¡ҹȥɡ
Ժаһų̳һոµλ飺֮
ǿŹֵλдò岻Ȳд֣Ҳʱ˭붯ĻԳȼ顣􅱿λȴͷĪشʹһ£Ҳ˵Ϊʲô
ģȴײɥ£ʵǱȽϻġ
˳ڣڼϣרĵ£ûˣôϡ
£Ǳܿɣ
룬̧Ųˣȥ͵ƫȴ
ͯ裬􅱱һߺȲ裬һߵȣɽﰲǶգߣȻʵڰɵ𷽲ſǿλ
Сʱ˳Ž£Ӽ
˺䡣
˵Ϊֶ̽壬˳ȴţȷʵҲֻǲǲʲô˿ҵˡ
֮֮ɡ
˳ȥỳ£װһ֪ģ޹ؽҪļҳ¡
ʵ̫ǿŹֵƣ̲סʣΪ˳ȣȻ붯ǿҿһۣƺûдȫ
˳һ裬˹˵ģҵһλСѵĺӣ̥Уδȡգд꾡
ȥЩ죬ԣıҲء􅱾Լ̫ˣôǻأϵ֣ƺҲ뻳ıʼмơ
սյع񣬲룬뻳ûйӣֻһ㣬ֱӷ񶨡
􅱵סһ
⵱Ȼԡ
ȥͷֱȥסǼ䡣
˳ʵò׼ʲô˼û֣ΪΪ뻳ǧ˿Ƶϵ˵ˣôû㶯
׸׵̫ǳȥһùãҪȥסԵмɡ􅱵䱸Сֻװ׵С̹Ϊ˿һԺƼۣˣϻؾСһֱڻߣʮְۡ
􅱵ֱоʲô
ʹ˸ɫ׸СƵģൽǰץֱۿȻӺŵ֣һס֣ܾҲ뻳ıʼΪơ
׸µ˵㡢Ҫʲô
􅱲䲻ȵʲôСû㲻ҵԺſڹ𣿡
׸ȫ¶Ѳһ飬ֻѵһСľ㣬һŴ־
ҲͰˣȴеĵʿģʣ˭ģ
׸ǲ˵
㻰
׸챻ſˣӣصǡ׸ġ
һ˰׸⺢ӵ󣬾ȻСȻվſڣίͰ͵ʣܲܰҵӸң
ӴԼ̵˵ٸһġ
׸һ鹬ӣÿ޵һһ飬ȴٸ􅱶죬Ĩˡ
􅱵ȥġ
׸𤻳ýίͷȥһùáˣʵۼƽˣ뻳ùÿһޣùñػٸһġ
Ҫ֪ͨùãµĻʵ
ߵſڣסĸ˵㡣
׸ֻίȥ
˳ޱӣЦһͨ˵ϰˣ
ſЪһٱһΡ
˳ЦذĨᣬСһﱧĨᣬĪˣһӶѡ
׸޵øС׼ȥҹùãԺȥ
׸ҭʣǡ֪ѽ
˳ͷǲȥȻ֪ˡ
ա
˳һΣ顣

˳һӷֱۣ˸ʿ񣺡Ǵ𣿡
􅱵ǲ
˳ʵرЩ΢ľȣ䣿˵йΪʲôӦڹ𣿡
۾һգգؿδʵ̫ɻˣĿڷͣͣ
αװƽơ
̫̫뻳䣬ֻһܵߵѰ
ǧƶؿڣ޷磽⣬ͼƽ͵ص壬Ұɡ
˳˵ʲôʲô
􅱾ĬƬֻ̣ܵɽˡ
˳ɫ֣΢΢Ц£㸸ʶûɱɽҪԽĸʣΨһ˲ֻɽȴҪʲôɲɽأ
ļ٣ȴǻʵۡ
˳˰벽׵Ǳɡ
޷Ǳˣ޷ǡԱ򲻼֪֪֮ҲҲϣＫط
ͷһưͣһѩ
룬˳ʲô˼أ˵ٱȥᷴø
ΧʱһֻҰ޴ɿӣԼײľ
ǻأŮҲ
Ҷԡ
ͷһգ侲֪˶ã޲ɱɽ
˵޻ûԼҡ
˳پȤ˵ĵкϷɿˣôң
׸˳Ѿûˡ
һǳʲôʡ
ɽУЩʣ
􅱣ʲôҶһһ˵ŮӿӦġԲӦɡ
㰲ȻؼСղȡů׹
ʱ䣬ƽľΪĺľ׼ʮ취£Ȱ꣬͵ˡ
ҲȴܸоҹҪһЩ
ȥ۵ķȼŻ⡣
һô£Ż׸û􅱴Żڵۣ˳ڵ۴ɱ
Ҳ֪􅱾գƵΣǻ޷ƵصģĵĲˣ֪ȥҲ޼£ɻȥһۡ
ֻһۣԶԶؿһۡ
Űɽȥ
һ꣬ѩ·ʪӡ
ѩѹסһ𣬽һ𣬴
䱻ʪǱж􅱣􅱰Ȼ£ڻԣĿƵ
֣ǹˡΧбΧСޣͣΧ֯һε£
һ꣬䶳ɪɪǱ÷ӳŻ⣬􅱣Ǵâҡ
ֻۣԼĻþ۾գҲƵĳ粽ȥһ䣡
􅱲Ҫǰ§뻳С
ȴȹһ˹عȥͷأŮϣݼ¡


39 
վڻǰ, Ӹµظ
ǻڵϣôǫȴŭ, ޷ơ
鷳, ǽʳһ飬ּ, Ի
ڵһŮ, ŮΥ, 
ֱץĸ첲ֱذƻվԼǰ, ۣԭӦúú´һƫƫһ, , 仰ֱļϴǧԵں, 󻯳εһ䣺޲ɱ㡣
֪޲ɱ㣬Ÿӡ
׼ϲ㣬Բһٶ˵ֻ
ѩԽԽǰҪϯƬɽ֣ҪûĴ𣬱ⳡűϨˡ
Ůҡ
ʱһ˳ŭôһˣ􅱸ǻˣôһѻ, һûأͿ̿˵عҲҪ
ƶ˵ģѧ󣬱ػڴ޿ɾҩ֮ǰⳡꡣ
˳ƿԩңһ׳ˣһһԲϣŻɽ
קŻߣ˳ĻȴͻȻĬ־һŮӣҽիأûʲôĵֵù􅱣˵޻ȥ
ɱҰɡ
ۿһӺˣۣջ𵽶ͷʹ᲻ãֻǲԾؼӴҪӣҪȥ
۵ûԼֹǲǱ۶ˣȴҧزۣۣҲȥҺķ»ûꡣ
ɫһף˵ĻҲһըȻ
ڵƣдŵġ֮ӡ
ģҵһλСѵĺӡ
̥Уδȡգд꾡
˵
һУֱȼݿյľľȻ£Ƭ֮Уʻ䣺ĺӣô֪㻹ûһӣ
Ǳѩ˱侲п᣺Ϊû㡣
ʣʱ£
֪޲ԣȥ߳ǵʱ˵ս޺һء
Цǰ뻳ӣڻйӣȴ֪ʱûˣ뵽˵Ļ˰⹬Ůֻܻлʵ۵ĺӣˣУôͣҪġ
Ȼر£ȥˣһʵۣȴԼһȨƵСŮǰȡ衣
ʣȴҪ˵
̧ޣɱġ
ֻöȻ죬ʧǣľȻʵ˵ʲô
侶ֱظһ飺˵ɱġ
ΣŻع˼㣬ܻ֮ǰǺ˵ˣУ˽Ӧ㻹ѺӴˣ
ǡ
􅱷ſΪ̫һ򣬵ڵء
һֻް㣬ǰԭⲽԲţ˵ƭңһƭңŮƭˣֹ߻ңǹô˵ĶԲԣ
ôɱǵĺأ
ƭңһ˽ôôģ㻹˵ļ˱ʲôҪôܻɱԼĺӣƭҡ
ʹĿǰ·ֳһ˴ĿĵѪίڵأչڵϣ۵òɣ۵ε˵ûƭ㣬ΪʲôҪƭ㣿
ٽӵקק̫̫죬ֻתһ㣬ǰһڣ˹ȥ
һһҹԲѡ
յڶգͱ􅱹ɽعУֱǬ幬Ҳá
ˮԸ􅱰ѩѩСźԸԷҲֻϳء
䲻˵Ҳƨɡ
ֻÿԷҩ»һҪ˯
Ǳţûκβ֮١
عµ˶֪ϲ֪İйشˣйҲ֪ǲй岻رڻʵ۵޵Ҳû˵̧λ൱ûйأԺ󣬻ṳ̂ӵԺӣն軳䡣
йǹ˵ıߣͷƻ棬֮һʱ֮ĸҡ
û뵽ùþȻǱµĽ-
СŮΪʧȻ³谮ҲһҫǣΪûɫҪ裬ֻҪṳ̀ʵصضϰģȡŮ٣Ǹʵĳ·
ԣùܵŮ٣мʵѧмڵƫ
󹬵ǸǼʷǳŻ䣬֮Уйʧ˳裬Ӿ͸С˸ȥӧֻʥ޶ǰÿҲֵֻܷñգڻǰѻϰסˡ
סڻʵ۵޹ʲô£Ȼҹҹá
˵ûգĶܴϻϵĳˡ
ʱ˭Ƶ
㱻ڵ޵ĻԲ֪֮£˴ͬĹɽأһȦڻ֣ȴһ㶼ûһҪ§
ҽ˵ӦƳ޹û
Ҳʹ˲ô죿􅱲ϧҪ£
⼸յûԾ􅱵һĺ;飬ȫⳡбûˡ

ˣƣؿӶڡ
ҽ˵ⳡͣû־Ѱȥһθʩҩʱ仹һʬģ׼˵Ҫκܾá
ûϵڶձ㿪ʼʵسԷҩʮϣҽ˵ⲡʮ²źãվͼˣҽΪȡǵȵףȴֳһҽ֪ΪΣΪҽߣܼ˺ܹο
յĴգڿڣ˵ܸһ𣿡
ɳƣǱĥɰֽƵģ
տƯŵء
̧ͷĮȻʣҪʲô飿
ûսҲûܣǳƽͣ˵顣ллϡ
􅱣
ڿϣϱĶ飬ԣһӲƤϣһ죺Ҫʲô
˹֪ջ꣬ұزܳȥҿŵǰʵǵ˳׸İΣȥ˭֪һȻʹֱ޳ܵĹ⼿Żƭ
ʵѧʶǳͨҵѧһѧǡ
Цһ㻹ѧ󣿡
䶢۵ص޻ûҪ߱ɱ֮ء


40 
, ʵ˵Ҫ˵ŵҲùġ
, ǵ˿, һеصҪûءµǾٸ, ˵˵˭ҿλû, Ů˽ܡ̥𡣡
􅱽촽, ٿ¼˯ȥˡ
ȷʵͷۣ䲡˼, 侲˼գǺҪĺӣûû, ѵҪٷ𣿵ʱ, 侲ӲϸҲ, Ǻھǻʳӣȴӣĸܳ裬Ժ˻ʺĵӣĺָԴ
ܣǸӳԴźһȥΧˡ
μһСкβ, ʣɰʲôѽ
Скһ仰Ҳ˵ֻ
ȴûһΡ
عϸһȻ鵽䵱ʱץ˼ҩҽ˵мζҩȷʵж̥֮ã˵ǰйʱͷ̥ʱйⶣ˵֪£ǲϲûᡣ
ʲô˼жθ𣿻䲻ǻ£Ҳȴݲ˵Ĳǡ
􅱵ɱҽߵĻʵۣҲһ٣ޣ͸޾ϸޡ˵⻰ʲô˼жθ£˵ʲôʲôû𣿡
􅱲û޶ԣҲ¡
û뻳仰ϻسܣ˸ȴдŹ˵ûعɽӵ͹һˮذᣬǴ󹦸ɣϢ顣
Ѻӵʬˣʣȥڳ
ƿޱҪԼȥڡ
æߵߣü˵ʲô󲡳ҽ˵ܲ÷磬׼ȥ
˵žסϱ
һҪȥ䲻ϻشϣۿһ죬ȵҰǵģȻҲȥ
һһΣ􅱵ļϡ
􅱱סǧʪ󣬸ϵ᣺ѹͲܺú˵޲㣬ҲȲѡ
Ϊʲôǲܱأ
ʣȥɡȥµġ
伫ٿޣ⻹ƽڶμޡһޣ􅱵ԭɾ֣޿κε˵ˣˡȥаɣ
䴩ϺѣΧϴ멣ǣ˳š
ǵĵطǿ£Ѿܶûˡ
һǳſΧʱܷ硣
紵ˣҪӲ˵á
􅱱ǿƣɿ۾˵˵ôôŮˣ
ᣬֲǸģͷڵϣӿʯͷһ
˵ˮڰɡ
˵С
􅱱죬Ѿ˺һֻһǳӣڵβֽ
վڱϣվƵģҲҶ
ʵ̲ȥǰҪӻǰѳͷڰɡܲŵɣ
̷ڲԶԣȻһͷ͵ø޲ԼԼĶˡ
λȥͻᱻˡ
û˵ֻ˵Ұѳͷҵġ
􅱱һѳͷŮӲͬһͷȥܷڶƵġ
ڵߣ˵СЩôˡ
ͷڣҲȰˡ
ʣôһŮôһȴû˷ֵģôҪһϰɣʱʲôأ
һõĺɫ͹ס
ڻңʹѳĻӣٶزҲеڣģûĺӸ˵ûףҲû֣ô᣿
ѾѰ˷ˮʦڻ긽һˮأ˽ԸǮ޸Ĺôĵһӡ
ɲ԰ᵽϼңҵԱߣȥ˵ظҵȥ
£ҲΪôɣؼңİˡ
􅱵ͷú󣬲̾Ƶ˵á
Լ޷أ􅱳鲻ˣ죬Ӽٹ٣ڼҹ֮ǰԲΪһСӵ顣
½˸СײģᣬʩױУ鳬ȾģһЩ鱦
£أȥĹһŰȣשѾܺˡ
􅱱˶ΣдĹϳ֮Ĺ
һ֧ĸ׾ͻ磬ӡ
ѩѩҲһϣһ˸ӣƿϺȾ͵ö˼˼ˡ
ǰʰװ
ûôʹ˸ϣ̫ҽҲϣϸչ壬Ҫȫȫβػ˰ѻʲô˵ʲôȫÿ춼ǣͻ
Աů¯Ⱥģһ㶼䣬ͻԪǰ޴ȥƻᡣ
޿޲ɵءšһǰװģҲйˣ£ذɡ
룬Ȱ˵ǰЩʱգṳ̂󹬣ȻĻȻóôʱŮӣһֱؿշ
􅱱һ£һҭںڣ²Ҳʲ£ջ䷢֣˵޻ȥˡ
վڳԣӴ䣬׹ҡҷٿӰ²ᣬòװһһҲûˣһȥǸɴ෴ڣѻ£ѺӾͽھ˾ͺá
ߵĵ죬һѩ
ҹһ¾͹һŲβ롢Ȯı⣬ūñ
ȴ뵽Խ˵ͣڱûԿҲʾãֺֺû䣬û֪⡣
»ôҪ±̫֪˵
ǵǰһָ꣬һյСƣϲýϧʱֲñѣվͻˡ
ÿдŻȻûȥȴԻָƣƻһ㡣
°ãͻµһд˿ʼء
ˡ
􅱷ţһگ顪Ϊʹ
ûԶ
Ȼһеλˡ


41 
ּ⻹úŮ˵ͬ, δ󣬹̫̫󱲷أȥ̫̫, ·, ̫̫֧֣ǱߵҲСЩ
չȥ, ˶̫̫˵Ҫ̧Ϊʹ˼, ҽ˵ڻʺߵŮʱ, һֱأδ˽顣޵ǻ֮й, Ԩ塣ŮӺϣԽ, ־ò, û֮ڡ
̫̫ŷ飬ûص, ϴΰΪѯʱ͸ø֪ң
Ǹ
̫̫಻ʣһŮ˶ѣʲôģձգһȦƽ鷳ĸȥ꣬ͲĸߵĴŮΪʵ, ʲôµģ
ĵ˵ǰûа̫̫ͨƭأܶĻšŮ֮䣬ô¶ʲôʱϵġ
Ȼ􅱼λ֮-޶ȡݼ-ĸʲͬҽТʮ
øӡ
ˣּһڹ⣬˶Դ⣬ֻҪ˭֪⾿ôһ¡
ټӽΣһȨޱƽŮһԾΪʹ֮ϣڻʺ֮£ֻһž֪жϲŮӡ
̫̫󵽵׵ͷҿΪ˵ǱҲѹҪֱӷΪʹйʱȷʵйȴûףз磬һƽŮӣֱӷΪʹ̫ˣȡһŮ̧ʹЩ˳
􅱲ɵҪװƽֵͣ˵޾ûʹʺ
˵ʲôɣȴһԴԻϻʹλáֻǳҸȨ̫̫Т̫̫󱳺κϲŻ֧
⻳ΪʹȻ֪̫ˡһָо粻սøԶϽֶ磽Щʱշת˼
̫̫һֱڲ飬΢ײü
룬˵覲뽻Ҳ޴ò뽻Ҳĸ޵ĸ΢һֱı¶ؾأ޻ż£Ҳܸġ
͸ǣǿˣ̫̫һҪΪʹסˡ
ҪС檣ɫ-ϵʱŮȰסģˡ
ûƽչоزҲǵĵӹ֬׷ģ춼ټʩĶƲôܰԳðҲҪΪʹ
ֻҶ΢ǣе֮С
̫̫Ƭ̣˵֮¶ΡôãҲѼλ꣬ô󣿡
˺ôŮ˶УΪ㸸ʶţ輸Ůˣ֦ɢҶǴ¡㿴㣬󹬽Ҳһ࣬һӶûСлŮкˡ
ŮûкӣֻһŮˣô˻ỳŮ˲УһȺŮˣͱ˲С
еΪ˵ˣɫһڣϽ⣺޲Сʺ˵֮׼ӡ
һ˵ӣ뵽ΪǸԵ޷ֵĺӣͷʹ޷ӻԺ󻹻бĺӡ
̫̫ףͣ˲֣£ӣִ֪ͺãԣȴԽʺͷ
Ӧǡ
¾㱸ֻǷ硣
􅱻ȥһ⣬ϣ߻Ϣ뻳дţԻ꺮ůǻһŶûҺûлдŻŻдĻʳÿһģڻһ
ĻΣ仳Ϻӵʱߣһ֪亢ûˣҲ֪޷أΪףȻǲͬ
ûбʧְĸˣ䲻ҲӦ
Ȼ􅱾յһţ˵˳дһţһ
􅱵ʱ֪۾Ҫˡ
䲻дţȴţӣ
ûֱӼɽ͵鷿İϸĿ
زſȴΣֻǸ֪Ѿ̥ᣬлȱǿҲǸ˳ģǸ׸ģһ֣һԵ룬õǽϵ籲
׸ǿһֱϣǱƼˣȴûҪֻĬĬһ飬ⷴ􅱾е㲻˼ɶ
􅱻ӻ֣źת͵ɽϡ
ۡ
Ȼգ˳յţǿӸ׸ѻ׸˲٣ʣ
ùأץȥԺ󻹺𣿡
ҺҲ֪ҲڣûкúóԷ
ֵģùõ˻ϣ᲻ᱻͷ
˳ͷᣬ㻳ù念Ҫʹء
׸һãȻǺõ𣿡
˳ߵɽ±Ե±߾ĿȥһƬľȫǱǳյģҲûصȥãЩľĲкһ֣³ľȥ֣һ˳Ȼ
˳أ
׸ҡͷҲ֪ѽһСء
ͷ˵ڻʹԽʳٻ֮ǻùþǹģǺܿġ
˳ЦЦ
ȨūȨ˱ūѱ֮ԴҫԼȨ
ƫƫǸ֮ˣԸūῪ
˳һš
Ȼ􅱴ɽʱ仳֮£Ϊ´β׼ٰﻳ䣬ûа棬ǳţ􅱼ӣ֪Ź
׸̾˵ùúÿŶҺ
˳СԴǰȥùõӡ
׸Сǵͨ죬֧֧ᣬ۾дһԸ⣬ǵ˳Ц
ڷ籩۵Ļʱڽϼҡ
ҵΪ˸βķǰͱˣѾݣԱ߼ԺӣһĴԺӣȥס
ĺլͻȻסˣ۷׷ף˵Ǹ磬Ҳû˵ˣСһ˻ģδзͬ
һò˼
ĵڶգ͹޷أΪһסȥͱŲ˵ǸĸʵĸС㣬˵ɥ׾ӵĹѸ
˭֪أ
صϼңգѩѩĴߣϼҵɽˮ
粽롣
Ҳпʮ߰ûϼˣ˵˷ǣﶼˣϼԺãȷʵǴ·ˡ
ǿӿݵ·ǺʵĿʻļ·ʯţ֪ضǴգ˶ǰ㣬·ϣˣС´װ֣һӣվǽ
һ¾֪ġ
ɵ˶ýʮʱʱʱ̶̿˼ţѷɣҲûʱܡ
Ǿ֮񣬲Ǻʱ
ѵûϼңա
ʹ֡
ջȥһºɽժһҰɽصլһ􅱵š
ƵģÿնдŹȫЩëƤС£һʵۣҲ֪ǰϻ
ţ߲ţչ
һ۾Ϳһ䣺
ʹ̫̫ʹ


42 
ʹ̫̫, ʹ
ֻһ䣬㲻¿ˡ
ŵϣͭ, ȼյֽ̿ƴ, ȼСػ棬ûһͽⱡֽ, ҽϡǵϻд˼黰, ˵Ϊ׼˱չ, ҪЩȥһ档
ȵһλд֣Ϊ˺, Ϊơܱ񣬴ڱУΪ, ʢ֮¡, ɿȻλ빬֮ꡣ
껳仹СŮҲô˻һ۸, ƵѣСһıӾˡ
е㶬죬͵͵һΪ˽ܣԲĴ󣬿ɷϵĴСܴУСƴԼŸϸ, 􅱻˼÷ȥһСȼ͸ʱԵþӨ͸Сɱ£ʮֿɰ
ֵ¡ЩСƣϵĶٽҲֻǱ
СĹˣ˳ѽķҲˡ
ҪУø֪峤Ҳ֪Ĵ£Ϫ
ǵ˵ŮӺزСûʸأ˭ûŮأƷŮ١ǴŶûˣͻȻ˸ٵģŮ˵٣ͷһ˵
йٻŮ٣Ƕǹ٣ȥͷ·ðˡ˵ʲôʲô
ؼҴ峤ԼǵˣӹòﲡˣΪ˸βѷض˻ȥ๤ϣֻŮŮԸ˻飬û޹ȥɸϲŮ˻Ǯöи˾ˣСŮȥ˾˾˼Ҽס֮㲻ˡ
ǵΪŮرòʱСͯ㣬ÿҪͯŮŮҽ㣬ãʱСӣٳ֣ȴһֲˣݹˣҶ࿴
һǹˣƲСʱȻСá
ԭǸ°ŮǴˣȥʹŮŮ١
ϢһؼҴĴ֮ˡ
Ů٣ʲôŮ٣ڻʹŮ¡
⡭ŮҲܵ
䴩֮պʹӵ󲻿ԣٿשլӣҶӳʵĽ
ԣʹڻ뿪֮ϼȻʱʱ½ĹŮ츻ԭŮӶ龹ȻҲĺô
ؼҴ􅱵ƫ£ҼҸ㣬ͷмǮͻѼŮҲȥ˽Ӷ飬׼ţԺʹҪŮͽŮͽȥкܿƾ٣ŮҲܵŮһҫ·ӡ
ڼ⼸գи·ԱŰݷá
Ҫ֪ھǣƷµĴԱûʸλʹŮܹܣλӽ
ŮΣˣҲֺðο仹Ǹˡ
ϵĽǻʡףͷӼЩʸ߽֮ˣֻ֪λ̽
ַ˻ӣȥһˡһʱ䣬˹¸֮
ֻϼҴߣͱ·ؾ
ţȴѭʥ
ѩ䡢ѩ̤Ϸ·ź˵Ƕ죬ϽҵԴȥ˴ͺӾ
ѩȱ۵صùãڿһЩˣ˼;ˡ
ʲôҲ˵ʲôҲʣùˣͻȻȻҪߣȥϼңר޷أΪ˭޷أҲ
ǿùͬǰһ̬ȣǴ󷸹桢˽ӳһ´δҲûǹùá
ֻʹ֪ùúͻϵ˽ˣֽǷ
ΪǸùóΪа򷢳ˣƺֲǣⲻҪعȥˡ
ѩ䵣ǲѣµʵùãλعŮڡڴҶ֪֪
ѩһһͣΪߣôȻ͸ùһְϲµģѹùõʲôˣ
˱˸żȤĹĵֻС࣬Цˡ
ѩ伱ˣùãЦ£Ǳߵ
ѩԥһ£˵ùãɿڰɡ
ѩƣɿʲô
ѩ̾ɿڵϵӡۣ¹ùһͻȻûˡ
˵⡣
һǻ˻ΣҪˤȥ
һ
ѩ˵ȥ
ѩǣûһù棺ǰ·סˣиŮĸЩ˿ءǸŮҲ󡣡
ԼʱϺƤ멣ȥ
ȴһʮҵСѾͷ·ߣһڱס껹СƤ΢ڣüĿ㣬һ˫۾ˮ飬мɫ
ڶ𣬿˵ʲôû˽ü
ǻǰСѾͷ˵ˣɣҸǮĸס
ƭǮˣҲûӣ􅱵Ǯ
һţñ˵൱ҲǹŹ֣ĴˣȻҲϧ֮⣺λˣ½󵽣̸ġ
ҳ˫ļǮо屶
һ״ҲǵǮô˭ҵĽ֪谮С檣ҵھǵ٣
䣺
ǸСѾͷͷͰ͵˵㣬лл㣬ˣ˵ᱻץġ
֣
СѾͷһ£߹ǸҪץƵģಡػ굽档ԵĻȴҪɫһ־ס
߳ŭָʹūҪѵǡ
ˡ


43 
˳·ѵһƦԵʲô, ʱҪѩ䡢ѩϳ𿴣ܵͱŻˡ
䲻һǸĺŮ, ɱ֮, ֻ֮ԣԵ÷ᡣ
Ҳѱ, صĶ, һ, ȥǡרøŮŻˡ
֪һŮӣ£ȴҲ޶ԡ
ûϾͰ, ͵ǰֹһ޷Ľ㣬ֻڻʺķ֮, ΢, һʯӶˮе컹С統ʱλƾһ, ԸһѣҲܻ
Сﵨȴ󣬲¡
֮뻳˵ԼŲš
۪꣬飬ԳƻЩգǲڼ, ˡֻһ£и磬ѺڣδҡԺ󣬸֪˸磬б
ԭи硣
ȳѪ׷֮࣬Ĳɢ˼á
Сͷˣ㣬㰲ĸǮҽ㣬д㳤֮ҡ
ʱŵĻ
۪ҲŤ󣬴Ӧ£ʮˬ졣ʶ֣дý飬ֱҪӡ
ס˵Ҹֵ˰㿴ɣ֮ĲޣֱӾǩ£
۪ȴأҪƭңξҲӲѣ㡣
˵գ㰴ӡ
͵֪ϣֻһ䣺֪˺ôĹСӶаŮΪ񡣡
ͻȻʵ۽ĻʹŮܹţһ䣬ŵһͷ亹ҹĳ飬á
и֪۪飬ǰֻա
۪뿪ʣһ²£ʵں£ҲԸߣھŸֳǽ㡣
۪¡ҵҸ
һڹбΧɽ𺣣ʱ
Ȼµġ
˻᲻
ֻʱɵִɻһη塣
أ
գ·
ѩ䡢ѩ۪£˼Ѹ۪飬˵۪
ѩԺһúڲŹù㡣
ЦƵʣǹùòйˣǻԸŹù𣿡
ѩɵۣѩӦÿ죺Ը⡣
ȻѩŸϣҲͷǣɵɵ

ѩ䲻ʣùöţһһΣżһ߹Է϶֮ս԰׵ϣǱѩһ£һ˲Ƶġ
ĹǸ͹˭ʣЩ²⣬Ѳ£ʯԭдǡ֮ӡùء
֪ʲôʱеģʲôʱûġ
ѩƫƫѩǸɵᶯӣһ֪ûӸġ
;ģڿջЪϢʵ̲סѩ˵Ҿùù
ѩͷԵʣùô
ѩҪ˵䱾˵Цʣ԰ôˣ
˵ùлץţѩСͨ졣
ˡ
˵˵˵
ѩеƢŵӵȻĻùҲˡ
ЦЦܳԱܴůһ
⻰􅱵İϡ
ЩȻûţŸˣҲûдӦǡĬ˰ɣ
ܸģˣΪʲôôأ
􅱽󹬶ȥӦȥîǲ⻳ΪʹĹؼʱڣ»֪ȥʲôûװףһ֡Ըʹ죿
ҲͷӦЩɡ
ǰڹУŻϣ޷ֳ裬»䲻ˣüλͲסįҪһչ֡
ĥŻϲģ뻳ѧ£䣬죬԰ε
ϧ􅱲ȥ󹬣ɴ˯鷿ҲŮޣúĹ룬ΪףΪԼĺڣܵ͵͵իա
컳Ҫˣһҹû˯þԽǽҪͷԽĵʲôء
Ѿ޵ģһע⣬ˡ
ȥ׼ãҪһϲı
кüҪһԻ䱾ΪԭͣɱѩˣȴŮٷŮķţƮڱУ͵Ȼóױ
һգ˵Ѿ˾Ͻسǡ
ʵסˣ֪Щÿյţ´д䲻ˡ⻹ʣյĳֻ̣ܳʱӣٲӾûˡ
ûˡ
ļ٣Ȳ͵͵һ͵ȥӻ䡣
ˣһ㣬ؿ˯Ȼ˯ˡ
􅱼ϵʱ˯
ѩʣҪҰѻùý𣿡
􅱴ҳҡҡͷ֣ˣԸŵ˳ڡ
ıŸ·ˣ˯üȻҲž˯ˡ
ݲݣɫҲá
һۣ;ǻͷİС
ھͺãھͺá
ߣֲҾŵ
ž῿ϣȻԼѰһƣûʵ۵ͷ˯
һҶڲۣûֻèһѾһûܹôõĴˡ
ƣ˵䱾Ҳģ˯ˣ嶼ܵؼǵء
ʱŲ̫ãӶе㽩ʹ
ҳѻ䣬ô며˹סȥ
»ˣߣһô⣿
þ
􅱺֧֧˵޳ǽˡǵˣұ³ɡ
ԥûԥܾɣɣⲻϹأֲǲ·
ȭɿá
˵ɣܳѻ䣬ˣֲˡ
ȷˣ˵£Ҹ·ۣ˯һùͷҪɢˡ
вӦ»䲻ҪźãԽԽġ
ǻúϴ裬Ѭů¯ڹϣһðĦĹŮԼɿǡ
􅱽ݾͿŽۣˣҲϸҲϲ
ĵȵϢˣŸҸ˵վĻʹɣ
ͺһƽôôʲôƵ𣿴ҿ
ȥƵ첻ӣҲǰԺˣһ졣
ܳϲ룬ǴӦʹ
־żõȰգһҲٵȣҹζࡣ
˹صң̫̫Ӧʹ룬ҵȥлл˼Ҳǡ
ҿȥлɡ
һ΢ݣȻܵϻʹʵҲɣ䰡
ս֣䣬ô䣿һỤģ¡
ʵۣ˳еɣձȥϳʱǰݼ̫̫
δеһ룬ʹҴҹ̫̫ҡ


44 
統ͷһ, ʱŭⲪȻǻûһٶرϷŪ, Ǽذϲȡ
Ůʵ, Լǰ˵ʱʵһɣ
, ܺá
ϧɥ֮ʹ, ǻ, ãʱ˻֪Ҫû֮ơ
ͷǹ˲ڵðһƮƮĻ, ʹ
ΪһӦϲŭɫ
ԣϲδʲô, 䵭, ͣ飬ȥڳΪȥ, Ⱥ
ԴȣֱŴķȥ޲ֱӷɹȥǸŮץԼĪʮಽδ߳ÿһǾͻһ֣ͣżǰ侲
ڸʲôʲô
Լ
Ǵ㶪ٹٺͼҹ², ȥһŮôǻܸɳ¡
̫ˡ
֮䣬أһĿȻ
ʲôʱȥ̫̫ƫҪʱһ֪ǹģ϶³ȥץ
Ĳȥ뻳еƣһһ
治ȥ
һʵۣʲô£˳˵
һ仹ڹУοýӲˡ
侲룬㻳̫̫̫̫ͻӦ
Ѿ̫̫ϸϸ˵Ҫ⻳Ϊʹ£ʹǸթƻŮɣ̫̫ԲȵԸ񣬲Խʵ۵ӡ
̴ٺãҲδܳ¡
һ룬ϼʤ㣬ǰɡ
Լ·ѳˣһڽţ޲뿪˱뿪壬Թɵش¡
һո䣬ķʲͬ״Ĺٻ˵ص㣬ٽʱһһγᣬԺΪʰ׵ϸµһ̯ӣ쳯飬һСᣬһᣬƹҲȷгЧ
յĳһֱʱ³
°ٹ٣˿֪;ֱ뿪һǱһա
³ʱ􅱽ͬһõѾòˣθھʹѾꤡ
ȴ˲óԷϽȥ
ͣˣ
ʹ𣺡Сع˵Ҫ̫̫֮ˣϵţǴá
ؿ첽ȥȥ
~~~
һݼ̫̫Ȼ⣬ĴһһɫŻƵİȹһװͷ棬ؾüĿ֮ұ֮ɫ֡
㲣°ͼ⣬м֮ˣʤ£ֻǼȻǰһͦñֱ
ֽѲƷйһ񣬳빬͢ʱչ棬ûʸŮСΡԣԼ˫Ŵӻʵ۵޹ߵ
һ·Ҫü·üţ๬ˡ
ʹейŮ˭ܲʶùأ⹬аĹŮаӡء
й
Ⱥ棬ҲʧͻȻع֮һֱڱ޹Ļ߳Ҳһ
Ȼûйǵӭ沽жȻ̬ٲȻλϽйη
СŮ·ԣִ񣬻Ĭػ
ŻıӰɻ󣬻仹û䣬֮ǰ˽
ֻأ
뵽λ̰ɫ׵ȵ۾ʱҹŮǱǿҪ˻ùãϾǾܲӲɣ
˭˵أùýȥΪɡ
·԰ʱ仹˼λСӣɡǡˣеλָʹ̽ǰ䡣
סЦӯӯùãò½ôãǼɹ̫ˡ
һˣū澶ûУҪȥģ
ҾѲйﲻسΪùáҵʥϵĿͶ׼Ҫȥݼ̫̫󡣡
һ
·
ǻϣ̫̫˭
һ˴£ǵñ²Ǵȥһ乬
һ·ͨ裬·һ̴ֱ
ҲˣأﰵȫģǰôڹвرܣֻҪ̤޹ͻ˸Աߡ
޷סˣѵܿס
ִţẉ̂أſڵš
ǰй洵磬Ѿˡ
˿㲣紵ˣùãܱܷɡ
ҡҡͷҾлˡⲻϹء
ֱƣ⿪ڹءտڹأΪŮ˽ͨʵۣ⹬صĹŮ
Ҳû̫ã̫̫ͣ
ǸСආ̵̫̫Ĵ֡ҲǣǸ°ܻĹŮϣΪ˱Ҳ
⡣
ұѾõسڹǰһ·㱻ԸʽĿһ·ɽϹһ飬ֻϸϸһ벻ۣˣǻܡ
ѩ䡢ѩ佲ѲйСԺ֮£ڹ컯֮³ǵ˽飬޿ɱ磬ʮһ
䲽
̫̫ŵͷŵĻ䣬ɻҿҲǸ˵ģôͰѻʵ۸أ
⹬һŮӳˣǼǣһƵģǰֱ
̫̫̲ʣңΪ£ֱ˵ǡ
㲻ŤҲǰڱӲʯϹ£ؾؿ˸ͷ˵Ů̫̫ӦʥϣΪʹô˺ίʵм㡣
ȻŮϲܿ˴Ρ̫̫ջس
̫̫󣺡
Щϣ΢΢ֱ壬ЦۣЦ⵭ȥŻ䣬һʱ֮䣬ȻҲò׼ݵһϷƾܻʹ֮λǼǣ
̫̫ǻҪ㣬ȴǰõ⣬㲻ȥ
ãӲ磬߻ȥСʵԼܰɡ
ûѾͷȴһ
ҶԺ󹬲֮һٷΪʹλҹŮ뷨֮΢ǡµǻӪҪҶ١
ĩ߶䱾ȡ
̫̫ˣ㶮ô˽¹֮£͵úһƬҡ
ΪֹҲֻ΢ݣȥҪ˵ʲô
ֵΪµ룬Ůңʹ󹬰
ŮɽУĵѬգ֮Ըʵ
̫̫ڱɫ
֪ӳһӣɲ֪ģȻǶ۶
ʲô˼
̫̫һԲļףﰲ÷·̴ľû΢졣
űϡ
̫̫󲻴𣬻ڵϡ
һǼʱ
ֱдҴҽŲһػͷ֪ˡ
˳˵Ļ
ΪŮӣȴҪκˡֻҪſһ䣬ʡࡣ
ϲ¶ΪӲʲ֪˼Ҳ㣿
һ˾ӻʵȷ̫ſˡ


45 
ɲֹŮ, ǣˣʱ̫̫жׯ, ҲֻǸˮѡ
􅱿ϤĹڵϵӰ, Ͳһ
ÿζÿζǡ˫˸, ڵƵ, , ֹǰ;ۣڸۡ
̫̫ûƼлڣƵԲϱ¶ͰЦ˵˰, һ˵˵
􅱱ӻջĿ⣬ߵ̫̫, ¡
룺Ϲǹ˺üʱ̫̫в, ءʲôú˵ΪʲôҪأӱƤ, ľһ򼸸ʱ
ۡ
̫̫˵ЩҳƮһʶԶһ㡣
̫̫Ƴˣһ˼ȫڻأ׻ᣬ̫꣬һЩܽ˼صøһЩˡ
ĸһ, 򲻺ãˣ
̫̫תͷֵûϽŻ˵İ죿˷ȥϢ
䱻˴ӵϷߵһԣͷˡϥ͹ˣܶûôˣۣ治ɫûһۣŲҲֻڸʱ΢ٻһ㡣
֪ڳܣֲؽۼˣͻֲš
ھȥϥǣǶ·ľ롣ûԼߣΪϡ
ΪԼ߶ȵûԣӦ֣̫̫ֲءĸαûϻʹأ͵ƵĻţһ¶ۣʹյϻʹǻˣ
􅱻ҲˣôǸ˳Ụаš
̫̫Ƶʣϣ㵹û˵ǰϳסɽ
ԣֳ䶨֮УΪ빬κ֡ʱҲףһɹʱΪʲôԸһ֮Եʶõ˳ҲԸ
ףǡ
֪˳̫̫İ۶͵ʱ޹أֻǳģһӶѡ˵ˣϲŮ١
˵ʲôš
ްɣԻᴦá
̫̫˰ʮ꣬Ƶţ˺úõģȫȫβֲǵȿ̱ˣɱگ飬ǲĿˡ
ִҪΪʹԼ˵ȥ
϶ʱЩҲסĸ
̫̫ȻЦݺ㣺ǲǾãΪʲô㸸ʵʱԺҴδԣȴͬΪʹ
㸸ʳĶ࣬һԽʺͷ𣿡
޾ޣ檾檡
ʱޡ
̫̫Ļû˵ĸ֤ޡ
̫̫밧ұ֤ʲôֻŽײĵ̫ŶѣǻϣҵĻ˭ͳ˭Ĺܵ㣿
˵ҪһŮˣ󷽷˱ǣαزҴţһСŮ𣿡
ֻǰҲýˣײࡣ󣬴֮ûʺ棬ʹԵ˳Ӧˡλ꣬ٲʵ˵ȥ
􅱵ǲһеƫҪ⻳Ϊʹ˳Ի䶼á
żס䡣
ֻӲͷƤ˵ĸˡӦޱһʥּݡ
̫̫Цˣڽص㵹ǸӣΪŮϲβΪ󣿡
􅱱ҭסˡ
􅱡􅱴
ûǹΪѡ񣬼һ£̫ơ
ֻ˿õСʱûпܵϻʵۣү˽뻳ҪãûҪû䵱ӡ
ĸƲĸǸˣҲǸˣһŮޣɰһ˯š
ܹɱĸ˵Ḷ́ܽŹŮɴ֮£˵ãֻ
ԼҪ˯ĸŮ˶Ӱţ
ҹ͵͵ȥ˵ĸסĹһ
Ҳż䣬ȥһ䡣
룬Ԫ뽻ԼϲŮˣĸ֪ĹŮָǸ񶾵Ů˻Ҫ-£ӴԸʶ䡣
侹ȻҲӦˡ
ʱСҲСӵСɲ¶ǰˣ˴˶ɬ׾ǵԼѻ䱧ڻ˫ֶڷͣǶᣬ±ЦװԼܻӡ
һ ûŪ̫ãû飬ľͽˣŪ껳ӣ˵ۣ˵ٲȥҪ˻ˡ
û˵ϲȥԼ䣬Ҳûܾ
Թص㣬۾Ϊˡ
ǻǸͨͨũŮ˫׽öˣֱϵ̧ٵ˶ûУ˹˶֪ǸŮ١
ҲŮ٣ҲŮ١
ǡǹټǧͨýϣڹӦϡͨϢǱزꡣ
ֻõĸԸͰˣлȥ
􅱴Ӵ߻䡣
ûʲôˣ̫̫Եˣ𣿡
صˣ԰˽һȥء
ǰҲŮźȻۣ˭ɡڿɾͲһˣʥ裬Խ
􅱰ǿϳǽȹӿϥǺ˵Ҫƭޣȥ̫̫浱Ҫǲȥ÷һ죡
£ɺͳһ£ʲôģһȥҩƾˡ
ƫҪڿ˫ࣺ۲ۣ
􅱵㻹ҺֲǻƻŮˣĿûⲻ𣿡
Цһۣҹ˶ˣֻҹòãûۣ˵ۣ
Ҳ޵ĳ谮ƫҪǰɣ
ƽ͵صûУŮûҪ谮㲻Ů˱ˣŮһŮҲ𣿡
􅱰ǳЦǿŵ˵ңΪҾǺ𣬶ްޱңûź㣬๤Σߣ۲㣬һֻܣ޵ʱ޿ҪҪعǲ֪ߵغ񡣡
һҲûŵԥصãˣϲ֪ߵغġƵŮ˳ңȥܿ࣬ڹȥ


46 
􅱱Ц, Ҫ˵ͣ£ǰѵǬ幬ſڡ
Ҳ뻳, ֱ, ѻذӰ³
ԴǻԺ󣬻ٸ, һ, , ʵ
޲ðʶȤŮڴϣˤһ֪ʲôۡ
ߵˣ᲻, ڱôᣬǶԴһĴ, ڴ˼, ŽӲСĵذ˷ڴϡ
һУΨһ˶, ֻҪһģû˻·һСŪҲ±ҪŪ޲ð˴
˵ɣӲӲô, ûܽѱ
ŭض޿κεڴǰǻ˵䣬ܱ𣿡
𣺡ڻǻ𣿻ƷйҲǣϡ
㡭ֲ֪Ӻ
仹û⿪ëëһ磬Ųӣƽ͵ʣΪŭŮľ仰˵ľ仰ŮŮڲȻŮڸ£
˵ţ仹վסԼ硣
􅱿Լ׹ڵأɫѿ
ûֱֱվǰȣҴйķϣҳްɡ
³ÿһ³Ƭиĺݣô뿪𣿡
ĬһѾʹܶˣΪʲôҪأ
ɥ
뻳䲻һԹ°ˣȥʼǻʱʼԸǰ
һֱǿ䡣
𽽺
²͸ڴʲô⣬ƽ
􅱵㻻ȹҴȥط
ףá
ȥ֮ѩһһͺѣŮĶȹʱꡣ
Ϊ˻ʼҵ棬˵ȻҲõǺӣȻԽӣǵÿ춼ð
ֻ䣬ϵϽ涷ϴͲҲһ˫ƤΤL
Ƿȣҩٻ·ǰСʱ
վ·ϥǾʹʱŵʱһֱţ̾ˣԼѾۣȥĵطЪһʹһԶ֪ӿ۵Щѹȥ
̣վװµ߳ȥ
Ҳѳ£ǰ˳ֱȥ·ûڲпջһɫһīɫؽ멣ͷڣٱ
Ի֣
佫ִģ􅱱ס֣ǣ֡
ֺܱһסͱһ£ȴüͷûһ¡
û
ǣߣһ·С԰ȥ
統ǸСʱðǣԼİСŮйںڰ׶խĹ͢һȥѰһ֪ؾʹ˴˿໥ˡ
ȴڰգ֮£Ŀ֮УǻʵۣӦûܹܵʲôǣǾЩⲻǬ幬ڣ棬档
ˡ
ΪʲôϲŮ˶أ
˼Ľų̣ʵ̲סЩϥۡ
􅱾ͰᱧǰУֻðѶϵĶñϣ˵صһ
Ȼͣէů÷ãмͺĵҲ
֮УӵһŮչ£羧
ĵ߶Ⱥͳߴ磬׼ȷ˵Ӧ빬ǰĳߴ磬һûô鱥ˡ
ãȻһƬ
􅱵ĸΪĳ輧ǣλ輧ʺᣬתͷµİ
ж
԰ĹŮɶɢֻʣʱֻʣˡ
􅱲ȥֻɫĿ⻹䣬ĶҪ˱
̻ˣˡ
ԧΣȴһֱ·ֻһΪʱź
ʣΪʲôϲأÿʮ꣬㲻˵𣿡
վԼıԣյڻȴѩҲڣһһ˵ÿֲСˡ
룬ʣɣ㻹ǵΪһյС𣿡
􅱵ͷǵãϲ
ЦЦֻЦһ£ǳ¶¶СУ􅱵񱻲ס֡
ȴ˵ǣʱϲֻһСŮûطԷֻؿˣֲ㱻ĹŮ֣һֻ֮ðҵĿڣԽڻԽ졣󣬲һ̲ʪѵˮѣҺа벡һ
˵һյ㣬ԴˣбѣǿҲܴס
ҡҡͷЦˣ˭ҪİĶֺĵ±ѰİİȻҪϵġɷͻữңֻϲһյʮյһյٺã񣬶ǵһյˡ
䲻ϲȴ᲻ã˽ŻرѣƱܡ
ǣŻǬ幬Ҳûôʱ䵢飬ô
ҹ
ҩˮװľͰݽš
ڱϿŻϵˣ֪ģȻȥˮҩΪ֮ô˲Ÿɵ£
һɵҩζһ㱧˯ȴøԶˡôƻװɺ˳ģʵʱ޿̲Ѱ뿪
һɳԽżյԽԽ졣
~~~
􅱴Ӵ뿪
̫̫һ⣬˿ɽϣѯ˳ڻ¡
˳һյţȥɽժ紺ĵһ绨յƬɽ֣Ҳ½ڷϷѿ»
ݲţǶΣЦ
ա
־ο
̫ǿ˵ͷȻǸϻŮӣһͨⲻ㱻޵ס죬뷽跨طԼ
׸˵ǹĶڴǻģ۰Ͱ͵ſ̽ͷ̽ԣЦˣȻִֽʣţֱá
˳תͷűߵ׸֣׸
׸С̹ƵİͰ͵رȥգ۾ʣǻù𣿡
˳ЦŸȥˣع
׸ЩʧСӣʲô¶дϡ
˳һգЦСӼҼңҪü˵ЩʱգܼĻùˡ
׸۾һ𣿡
˳гʮа-Űɡ
~~~
һҪΪʹʧȥֱ̫̫֧֣ȥ񲿵̸񲿺׼֮
ǻʵۣƫҪһŮˣ˭ֲܹ
ֻ􅱾Ӫĺʱ˻룬ǻ꣬ûǷлֱС
ᣬд󳼱żŴ£ſʼԽƵἰŮ֮£ʹ֮ǰ
λʹûԺյûз֮ƾʥλ􅱵ʵͬʹ˭ƳΣĻͷ
սݣһ㱻Ǹѣٹصʳģū澣ױ޼¡
˶ڷԣû֧ǣĻ䱾˶Ը⣬˵ÿһ񣬶˵Ը⡣
ǱеĽ˿ȸѪһϢ
յţֻд仰
߲һá
ܵùһ
һֱұһնϡ
㶿á
һû޹˯ţ鷿һ
Ҳ֪ԼôȹģһգۣһϾûˡ
ˡ
ϴһѣ޹̺ѩ䣺ǹù˯úð
ѩùʱ˯ˣûҪȥйù𣿡
ҡͷ̾Ƶ˵أùٶ˯һˣùţޡ
粻ϳȥһȭһͲػӡ
ٻȥѾˡ
ѩ˵˻˯ŵʱҹ£ӭʣк£
ˣ˵ȡ˻ţݸ䡣
չš
һĿȻ
ͷ􅱣ڲסһ˿ڴڴָ􅱵һ
ʱߣס䡣
􅱼ɬؿڵһޣû
ۣں󱳵ֽգʹԼᣬ˵Ҳسң㲻һֱϼҿϴλȥǺܸȥĶС
ȥɡ
޲ˡ
ˣȴɳĮбɹñĲյøأһ˲
Ҫȹ¹򣬻û£Ƶ˵л¡
û£Ͱˣˡ޵Ļû˵ꡣ
ĵصµ˵޷
޿ԷߣҪ󡣡
ʲô
􅱵һá
ԥشӦǡ
Ϊ˸ؽڣֻٸĸӵţˡ
ֵҵİɣһ
סˡ
е㡭ǿˡ飬ûˬӦ¡
􅱿ӦĶˡ
ʹȻҲûе㶯ݣ˵Ӧޣ޾ͷߡ
Լӣ׻ǵͷá


47 
ԤеĻʹⱻͣ
һԭǰؽ, û֪ˣϢѿʱˡ
ֻһ˽õگ, ջ˺þ, ҪΪЩ֮ʣ˻ûи
һõگ, Ӧٵ, ־᲻, װڱϻ
Ҫһսİɡ
ȴȫſ뽫Ƶգܹиʱ뻳ദȥ뻳
, ˵˵ãͷڡҲһγŮϰˡӦ㲻ҪӦ, αһƭҡҪڹ, ݽ棬Σֱ˵ǡ
ϸһһ, ֻӦ£ٱʱ䡣
Լպ
䶨ӣ̫ȴ˵ûʲôҪʰҹһˣǵ
ѩ䡢ѩأҪǣٰǵĻá
ҵʹǵԸʹҲԭҲźҵū澣ֻҵСͽܶѡ
Ȳټ, ްѶŮ߰ɡ
¹ΪʵۣŮȻʮҰҲû£ҳԺԼȥ죬С¶ѡҺôйµΪְͽҵһܵŮӣĹƶҲ
䷴мΪȡ䡱֣Ǻͻʹ֮У˶֪􅱵Ůٺͽ
²ǡ
ʵϼңΪȥһˣԼѾزȥˡ
мڵĵطĹ硣޹ʡȻһȥĶԡ
³ȥŻаտԺͻ׽ػ޹ڴ䡣ȴ⼸գܾӹ̫죬ϣһһ㣬ｹ浽һգͻȻˡ
ȴӦ˽ջὫɣ֪Щʲô
􅱻ص޹ůŵɴ£ɢձʲôûһùűȥԡͷѬ㣬ͷŲ࣬Ȼϣһ飬յص􅱻
һξߢģ
һ˫˫¶棬ָ۱һ㣬˫ȱֱ޳ţβʱ¡𣬻һԲȻȴ䶸Ȼ££֣ˡ
һԳ֣ҡ⶯ͣ½Ųƻ䴩Щ˵ѣҪŰ屣صĻ߳ŭûȻЩȥ
􅱺˵㡢㴩ʲô
׿߳ģȻ˵㲻ϲ𣿡
޷ԼڱȰƣ뻳̸˵޺ֻд֮һҪҵɡ
¶ɫ𣿡
􅱶ʱЩﻢ£´һɻͿܲԼԼɫѬİɣ
˺һӣէһһɫʵͷ˿ڻ֮άȣֻýɫǿ԰ȥ
˽뻳ദعأΪΪٵʱȴҪ˾ӣҲϡ档
􅱺Ŷ䣬ȥ䣬ƭͷûصȥ·
˵ĿûġҪ·Ҳ
治ͷ㳯ȥԡһ˽𡱵Ŀǣƶص£󻹲ô£αأ
ϮҡҷȻܴĻѹջ󣬳ʣо𣿡
ˣԵܲҪƵģ˵ǺðɣŮȥѡ
Żϵϵ죬Զζ൭ȥмʧ䡣
ϣ任Ůϲһ
ûһ˿ɱ̴ɫŮٷڵʵʵ
ɵۣô
乧˳صһû˵ʲôұϲĴϲйҪҪȥ
ҪҴʲôС
һˡ
һʱɬصˣˡ
Ҫҵɣƴӡ
εش𣺡Ҿʵڲ֪Դɡǰʱһ棬ȥϡйҲڸֵطҡ
ҪŮһ㵱ɣίʵ֪ôӺѧ𣬻ָ㡣˵
޼ƿʩֱ˵ļˣǰס֣ؿųص֮˵ʲô
ôأ
ӹʫ䲻Щǣֳȥɢ䲻ȥ
Ҳ谮һŮˣСΨһοԳֻĸʣɶλģ򸸻ĸܹˡ
ڼзвԹɫػƾűȥѧϰģ»ʵۺ̫ӡĸʳɫɻڲ֪֮ѧʳ谮Ů˵ķʽ˸鱦Ͳˡ
Żȥǰ£룬˵ǡһɡ
û뵽􅱻ı
􅱵㻹ǸСѾͷĽ飬ÿʲôóԵĵģұҪ͵һԡ
Цˣǡ
􅱵Ŀ˵ϲɻ֡
Ц˵ʱֻСŮеĳԱܺõģʲôϲŮ˭ϲ˿˿ĵģ
􅱺ʣղڿʲô飿ҿ
Щݣϲ̨档
􅱵û¡
ΪлŮĻȴͽ̿ùҲῴ
𣺡ʱͦÿġ
􅱼ûʲô黰СʱǵԼɥ־ǻ֮ʱ䣬ϡ
˾һ飬СգÿҳҪۡ
􅱵ҪӦٸԩֹΪǶ˽̣뷨ϡ
֪㿴ˣŮ𣬻дʲô˵ģͷͱдˡŷԡ
􅱲⣬ʣΪʲô㣿
ʱ׼˰æһԼ̣
􅱹Ц
⵹мʱˣǰʱ򣬶ûô˽¼棬һһΣ˶ãҪ졣
Ҳûʲô£ֻһ˸ӣһ壬浽ڡ
􅱻Ĺһգ䵹׽׽Ļ̣׽ʡ¡
􅱲ᣬ͵֪
ʣҪޱ£ȥˡ
􅱰֣סһȥ˯
Ϩ𣬴ʴ䡣
£Բ̫ţᵽϵ㣬룬ʲô
Ҳ֪˶ã􅱲ŷ˸־С̵֣࣬Ҫ͸̵ļ䣬ҿ𣿡
תҲ泯˵ԡ
􅱼ᡣ
ʵڴϲ̫ȴҪЩ߰ѣ³ˡڹ˵һЩݲ˵淨ֻ˵˱ȣԣȫȫβ뿪ʹ
ֻڱŪһ􅱱ǽˮƵģһ
̲ʱʱһ»ײƵġ
˺һЪ
ͷĵģûڣҲû˸ҪҪź
ֻʣǡ
⡣
仺У˳Ծص£ҪҪ˵ĻǰѱɣҺ˯ˡ


48 
􅱺ε, Ψڻǰϲϲŭŭ
´˼̰϶˷, , ȴǻмһˡŻתӭִĲϻ, ˿˿ؽɡɡ, еĶ, ⣬ֻþΪ˵ǧ֮һĿܣమһԡ
Ų, ·ûأͶͷһˮ
ҧгݵʣһˣ˵ҪװͲܱôɨ𣿡
֪ģвӣ, Ů̫żˡ
ü, §ʣڳ𣿡
˹, 죺ңңֻЩĻỳаˡ
һ£˵Ȼ̫ҽ˵У˭˵׼أҿɲҶһҵңݱ΢ȴǲ䵮ӻ룬һĻҲʡġ
ɫ, ˾ǸƢƤֺ񣬸ǸҪƤӣһֲ׼ߣҲ޼ƿʩϽ˵ȷǲżñҲü
粻ãסǷꡣ
ѾһβʧȥĸоϴǲѣȴҪַߣ᲻ãôã
һô꣬ѳ˱˴˵֮С
߻䣬Լͱһ
Ǵδǻأ
üû̻飬ôһҲֻǸĿʶͨŮȻǸˣȴǣȻʵ۶£Ҫȥ
ǸĿʶĻ䣬ϲأϲһƤң
ϲǻԶȼյƻ⡣
룬־òԣǳԣʹûҲһŮˣ뷽跨ȥ飬ֻǿһЩ
أ
ûлй֣˽·˳ǻ
ܣܡ
􅱱סĲ֮䣬оȵˮϣ֪Ǻᡣ
˵ˣ䣬һˡ
ӻҵʣҪû㣬˵ˣϻʵۡĺҪˣͲܱߣŮ
ҲиģɽϣܳңΪмָԲԣ
ĺһ𣿾Ͳܲ𣿡
䱻Цˣнɽ𢣬Ժݻôˣǹһˣ˵Цˡ
ôˣڴҰء
˵ֲ㡣
ǵġ
Ƕҡ𡣻룬⹬еŮˣĸĵߣαػҪָߵ¡𱰹
ʱ˿̣̣ı˵ֻΪһˣѾϰңһʱû᲻ӦѡҲһŮӣ黭Ҳ˳Ѱ·
ĸŮӲҺأǸ˼ĽŮﻨ֪΢㵱һ
̲ס粵˵ֻΪǻʵ۲Ŷѡ
أô֪δǻ֮ǰȢǣǾͲᰮأҲᰮġ
􅱱ҭסˣ˵ǣϵѰŮӣ޼漦޹湷ǲǻʵۣ޸ˣͻᵱ졣
ΧһεĿռ䡣
Ȼ֮䣬쳣أڴʱ̣˾Ȼǰˣʮǰһ乬С͵֮ıһĥ˵Ļ
飬顣
ɣһ̣һ㻹ңǰ꣬һ꣬꣬ؾͻˡ
ô΢ǵúģԭҲֻǻǰܰ㣬ǻֻ֮׸ҪңѾŮȺˣҲᵢôá
㵽׻ڼɵҰɡ
􅱳˵ûУԼûѡλ
ɵÿŵˣҵŮҲ鲻ã˼ҿɶǼңҲͼֲǷҪĻʺûҪʼݡ
􅱲һ
􅱽ţŻ䡢䡣
ȥ飬롣
􅱰𣿻ʱǶκʱ⣿
ֻ߽ǡҲܽԼѿ
һ¤̰ᣬǵȨϵͣʲôҪ
ϸϸϸ֦ĩڵС¡
ǰǲ˵ģһ˵ӷһĻҲҪ˵ˣˡ
ôй뿪ɡ
þۺɢ
􅱶ԸˣҲú􅱲ǣô˯˻ʵۺüꡣ
˵˵ţ֪˯ˡ
ڶ컹ǻ𴲣˾Ǽģϰһɻˣ􅱲֪ģ˯˯ҲҪ§
ֱ۱ѹ飬ء
ŵش·߳ȥ͸
Ͱˣһ
ǻϷԸģӲԸ⵱ūŵȴܲ˼ܣźܵ
һ˵ʱ˹¿࣬һ
£仹пպ˵仰
ͶҲܹƵģ˫ֽӹ룬ūʰɡ
˵ԺˣҲҪ˵ټ
ͱϥɱСˡ
ίʵ⻳䣬ٻҪƫҪȥˣΪ˹ܱڹúɵӰɵӡ
仹ȥϴ˸裬ȫǻ֮ĺۣѩ䡢ѩ俴졣
ʹСѾͷѩԸѩҲ˵Ҫߣмԥ˽ѩ䡣ѩѩ䲻ͬмˣÿ¶ӻؼңܾܵͿӸÑѧãȫҹҫ鹵ϣ

ѩСɵӻ֪ΪǽҪһùóȥأȻֵߵߵġ
ϴ衣
任һŮʽźɫ£٣泯죬ʩ죬ɫȴǰնҪࡣ
ˣ􅱲Ÿ˯ѡ
ղ糯̫ɣȻ˯ͷ
ʣ£Ҫҷϴ𣿡
Ƭ̣ͷ׽һҲǺõġ
ɫ࣬Ųæ̫֪Ҫôźˡ
Ⱥź˶Ҫϸ
􅱲ݲϴ˸裬û
俴һĿĵ˰̣Ŀбӣȸ£ȻҪʵ۴ۡᲢ򵥣ҲһգȻò˹ڣǴ
Ҫȴ˵޻Ҫȥſ㣬ݵıͺá
ʢһװϣۺôˡ
􅱴·ȴҪӢͦΣ̫Ͽ̰塣
ʵϲ􅱴װУĸ᲻ϲǹĴӢ۰
ʣҪ𣿡
ЩΣպ۰ɣ
􅱶УȴǲڼԼ뵽һȻѾȲ׼Ҫˡ
һĶ͸ˣмίмַ˵ûҪڣֻȥѣ
ڨڨǣǣ֪û˵ҪڡǾá˶ӣһд̿ͻȺҪӺôأ
􅱺Ǽ޻߲˷ֵġ˵ˣھǣҵĵؽ磬Ҷҳȥһʲôʵۣһסġ
룬˵ΪʵۣȴһСŮУƺҲϡ
Ƶ˵ֻΪ􅱲Ϊʵȥ߻𣿣
ǸըҩͰ䲻ٵͷУллݡлл˵һ룬żǵҪĿڡ
㡣
ڴӻʹһ۵Ĳ棬һڹͨ뿪
һɳɰ֮һ㣬ۡ
˻ʹ⡣
һͨѰڵȺţ濴ȥۣȴҲǻʽ죬ûôһЩͷֶһӦȫͷеģȫ˸ϣֻ濴ˡ
˴뿪ҲûҪʲôֻЩٺ»һҪ
˼׻Ǵó˵껳估ʱֻͼƳɵ֧ñΣݸ㲻Ҫϰɡ
ݸһЦá
˫ֽӹϹϾ
˳ſڡ
˵͵Ϳˡлл
􅱵Ϲٵɡ
΢΢üҪ˵˵Ҳ˵ҪУҼһ
첻ѣֻס
룬˳ҲҪأ
ųҲ̫˰ɣ
ˣ䷽ŷӦ
׸һһֻϵϳС̹һߵǰ߻߰રવᣬŵݸǵҪҸš
ûȿţȸ᣺ʲôѽ
׸˵˵ҪԺҲˡ
˵˵ţ̲סˣ۴ޣҭ˵ҡһġ춼㲻Ҫҡ
ᣬϣǴˣûдӰ
׸ͷͳ͵ӣҪᣬŷӦǺСקŲ֣飬Ūġ
ѩ߹һӡ
źøɾСˣ˳
߹һ𿴡
ûдʲô˵ģһ仰׸ˣҪͻ
ЦˣͷקС޵ô׸˵ҪҪһߣ
׸ٶ۵Ļŵ̧ͷ۾ʢһСǣ͵صͷػش𣺡Ҫ
Цøˡ
ǣ׸ߣ̫ߣ׸ȥֱһ׸òûʲô
һԵǰСȥ
תͷ˵лл
絶л
ؾصض񣺡ɣôʹ˱ˡ
ô˳ЦһЦĶһЦ֮УѵǸûʵۣҲллЩշ顣
ףɽ̣ĺƽТ
գҼǰҲдһյһƳԡ
ûһ˿Ϣľżһվԭء
ס˿顣
һҾ㲻ίߣתϳ뿪
׸ڳ۰Ͱ͵صס֣ѩȴʣùãѩأ
һߡ
ѩһ㶡
м꣺ԺҪҡùáˣҲǡùáˣҡӡǵҪĿڡ
ֳȥ쳾
Ŀĳ뿪ֱ
СĿͷǻµǸСѾͷڿޡ
ʣʲô
ѩ䱻ŵòҿޣסôãΪͰ͵˵ҡҲùߡߡ߲ˡ
һҲ֪ЦСѾͷЦԼ
ۣһۣɿճȭ֣ŷԼָװĶˣȴۡ
ѩ˵ҪҲùһ߾ͺˡ
֪ססĲԡ
ǺһѪֱԴУͻȻʧȥǣͳһޣ׷ȥۣ


49 
ͻȻ޲۶ȥ, 뿪æ׷
һʱ䱼ףݳ硣
һ
ƾһǻѪ˼׷, ʱ, βƼ, սһ, ֿˡ
Ʊһ, յ
оֻһ֮ң㴥ֿɼ
ʱ􅱺Ȼס
˴΢У˲֪, һڹٵܣȻҪٱ̲顣
Դǻ֮в, еҲð֤ͨ, ⾩⸽ܵʵʵлҲȥ
û̫Զ, ׷ȥԶͱסˡ
ܹȥ׺һȺˣŲֱס
˵Ǳ˵ͷˮ˵ˮ侲קҲܹٱѯ, ֻŻԽԽԶһССĵ㣬ƽߣʧˡ
ˡ
Ҳȥʵˡ
ԼƺбĪͷһ
ֻǵʱæŰѩ䣬пȥͷһۣȴʲôû
˹ˡ
ѵĴǰɣΪ׷ˡ
˵ǲ
ûҲãһ˰ˡ
һڱһϣټڡ
􅱻ع֮鷿˯˺üգ·Լһ㣬Լҹش񣬲ûήҲ񣬷ȣŲմذתʳ¡
۵ûпϾȥ£㲻ȥ뻳䡣
ѩйֵǻСͽܣǰ䲻ˣҲˣԺڻź򣬵ûš
صй֣˸Ǭ幬źʱ£𽥷ֻûˡȻǼˣͽȥĳʳŮѵȵȻƳû޹һŮˡ
֪ģ˴ԻˣŲˡ
Ψһ֪ѩԴ˲δĬ˵ԸΪùˣùùðĵ빬پܷš
ѩ䲻֮ѩ侹ȻǰѧõͷϲȵҪ
ϲȵ˽˵
֮ǰ˵Ҫù
ڱ˵ùǣ˵أ˺졣
ҾáҾûùñǲԸġ
ùþ̫ˣ۲ѡ
ѩЦЦʮ꣬Ůģߺһҹ֮䳤ΪԺûΪڷ絲Ļùˣ˵ùòظˣ˵ҹʲôڣȲϻҪ
С
޹һȺСһҶƴʱ䣬²ܸܲɵţԼҵ¡
һ˵˵Ļ
ǰ֮仹໥ԽϾͲˣһµỳ䣬ʹӣȴû취ͨ˼ұ²ߣĺܣá
޹ص𣿱¼ôôûһӣ
˶ˣҲûмϣֻµĸ
ˣҲ֪ĺõģĶˡ
룬عҲûԵӻϰ
¶룬ˣƺǴ󲻾
ᣬҲĽ
ǰܾûϴ嵭Ȼȴټζ֪ˣԭϳġأȴϣԼҲǰ㲻ء
ڳļӣÿϣֻԸϹĥĥĥȥ룬ǲǲŨĨױ
ֻд޹һױޣޢȾָף
ʱԥ˵ǣ˵𣿡
޹ҥһΣЩдԣҲ׼ԼĹĴϹ˾֪ˣҲҸ
һˣ
ҲȷŵҡҡͷҡҲʮֻ˵ѡǵ£ǾűǣӾˣ֪Ǽˡ
޹ץҶƵֳһ£˵Ļˡ
ƾɢԺ󣬴޹ҩȥ̽
ҹҩ˵ûˡ
޹ŵϲϨʵ˵Ӧİɣ
ʱ˽ʲôҲ⸣һܲܵ𡱡
ҩοôأ˶ȥˡ
޹ǵŵƣ˯ɴҰɡ
йΪĺ꣬йλƹǬ幬лûһŮˡ
缸ձûˡ
Ҳ֪ģȥɨĹֽǮɣֻʱȥһһСǮΪһ㣬ףһĸȫĺ˼ңپ
סйСԺûñסȥϷʹ͸Щ䱦ûó˵ָǸСԺӣȻʿ⻹ҪС
һ֮󣬱ֳһֹŮĴ档
ʱ
˿ȥй䣬Ѿͷ棬Сӣڸٰ·ϡ
ż·ߣֻڰ·ߴڴЪš
Ǵ󣬵Ҳִ֪磬һŮЯһʽСӣǲȫ
ɵˣվտ
ǰ􅱶ˣӰɹ·ʱͣգһھȥꡣ
䲩Ĺ֪ھжţһҰֺŵھ֣ƼҵĻһλϷˣŮкܣڷ֧Ӧͥھ˵Ϊȵ۰ù͡
һžͱע⵽ˡ
ƵĹУҲǸˣڹˡˣֿҪǾβ£Ͷ֮䣬ҲоղͬʲôŶĿ
ڵҪȥ裬˵ҵϷ˳ԽӴ


50 
ڻ
һȹСϲ, þݣƤ, Ũü, ˲һ棬˴˶һ
ɲǰµǸҪĸС۪
ϡǵ˵ʦ, ԱûٴϢ, , ǹòɵף΢΢һЦþòС
۪龪ϲѵСǰ, ȻһЦ㣡
ѩкѩ㡣
ȴʶ׸˵λܵܺá
磬ûı, ڹм, һ۾ϳˡ
Ȼھǣܼ붼ƷԱ, Сٿɸ˵ϻڳˣоСȴʲôүˡû뵽Ȼ۪飬ɣ۪Ҳ֪ΣҲţ˲ȣѯ۪
Լû, ѩȴмָоһʮС˵ϸҲйļӣǲף̲סţǰܾվҲվԣ˵Ҳ˵ã֪ؾͱ鶼ʳˡ
۪ĻУ֪ȥ󲻾ã۪׸۪ϻϼңݹĸ֮һȥھ֣ھֵĵϷҲ֮ˣӦӻԸסҲһ΢ĹǮ
۪Ц˵ˣұסƽʱ˲赹ˮɨĻɴˣһܶġ
˻ãҲΪˡ
۪鷽ʶԼϲ˵ô࣬ƺЩʧ񣬲˼غ˺㣬ھʲôҿȰ
󷽷ش𣺡ȻڵģҪȥٰ˻͡
۪һʱɻΣ֪ǰҪֺãضǸˡϴλ߾ΧһȺոǿĻȭţǵ֮ˣôֺȻ˹һˣҪȥһ
Ϊ˻죬Ż䶨Ȼԭ򡣻Ķˣհǣع񣬱صȥҴɣ㣬Ҵտɺˣ˵Ҵȥ״ԪҲʹõģɡ
һˣɣ״Ԫ״ԪɲֹҪȭţÿۡ
û۪ĻϣСԼĸ̫ˣҲĽȫƯĽ㡣
ѧգҡ
е͵˶ˡͷأ˷ˣͬˣǸմ˹»ˣŮ˸Ҫ
һץһѵĴڸ֣ճ􅱱ҲǸʵʵӣʹһֺǹĸѹװɲöӣֻ䣬ĸø׶һֵܵȴ
ǻʱͻ͵͵ȥ䣬дǻ磬Ӣ˲ʵôÿտǰ󱳶ʪɹ·һѣϺͲɫμǺЦ
һΣЦһΡ
􅱱ᱻù£˵⻹Ϊ𣿡
ƵʣôͳΪˣ
˵ⲻԱ֪ˣúòá
һЩ뷢Цѩ份һŷӦԼˡ
ԾƣôԵ޹ʵˣ
Ǵõع𣿡
ԣ̧ͷĿȥȴһλԼʮ갺Ķ̺֣ͷŵѥһȴɷǺÿΪխֳȣýüĿˬ
䵭ȻһЦ˵ͷǡ
̸̸ɡ
~~~
鷿ӣﰲ壬ӳյ֮гһССĺӰҴܣ̧ͷȥƼһֻɶ𣬱˺ѣһ΢졣
һӰߣȴûţعͷˡ
Ѿܾúܾûμˡ
ĸʡ
ǻߣͲμʡ
ڻˣʱˡ
ʱģ£ͷ棬ŻѪ͸ǰλʮ꣬ʱҲһӣµĴݲУԺھɫƤ壬ӷףҡ裬ʵԳƵϿɲˡ
˲֪֪Ļλòƻֱӣλֵܶɱˣǰѱ޿ѡǬ幬Уд˴λگ顣
ǰʶûϿ˵޴δ뵽һջվ
·˵㲻һ֮ӣȻФۻλ
һҪ˿
ǣǴδùû˾ܵʵۡ
ûбɹǳΡȻ˻ʵۣҪñʸãЩƲ˹Ŀ
ٻع񣬷Լ֮У֮ϣ߿һˣһƬڰ
ѪĸվǰʣԼʵ𣿡
􅱵ñá
ȸʸɵøáʲбʡûԾɫǸڷܡǫ顢ˡĺþ
ʶɲЦһЦȥ
Ϊõ˻λ𣿲ǵģѡ㣬ڿ㡣
һһյرҵģҵĶƣԽԽǿһ׸ӡ
սªŮ˶ȥˡ
ڸʵƼԼĵӰڵ֮ϵȻҲڻظ
ȻһڴⳡجǴӱ̳һ
ʶĵͷԼ֣ģûиá
Ŷԭʱ˯ˡ
˵ͻȥٰĻѾˣţǷҪ˹
룬Ѿ뿪ʮ߸ʱ
ûȥһ䣬Ҳûʻ䣬Ҳȥ뻳䡣
Ķȫûпһۡ
Ⱳӵһȥ䣬ҲΪʱһΡ
֪Ƿܳɹܹһˡ
ɲ䣬±㿪ʼ԰࣬ʣ֪úòá
УУô죬ܹһ
ҧҧˡ޶˵ˣ׼ǰǸŮˡ
ҹ
ȴôҲ˯ţֹסصģ⹬͹ﲻһûıСƿܹúͲ
˼ȥʰɣ˲ź˯ܲܵϳ
һ䡣
һ䣬һ䣬ԺҲˡ
ҹģ˼·˽йʡ
ͻȥٰĻϸϸؽһ·Ϸ£Ȼ˵˻ڽұڣִٰ֮󣬵һ£Ƹ۪統˽˻Ժ۪Ӧˡ
꣬һԲ
ͻأһľͷѵԭӰѿˡ


51 
ɫ
Ȼ, ԰ÿϰµҲ˯͡
ٰ, ס, ӦµطҹЩ˯á
ɽصһ, ÿ˯Ժ, ʱ, ǻһʹĴ
ܾԼῴ޵ӣ಼ӡ
Ǹūӡ
䰵Լ۾Ҫ˯һҲ˯, ĵײεðҾ׷ѶǮ׷ѶǮ, ׯӡ
ȻЩй˲ټ˽, ɽܲǸӪǡ
ٰ, ϼ²ͬŮϡ棬Ҳڱ衣
⼸ڽϹ˹䣬ҲŮӳġ
ԼʣǮأӦһׯӣĶһиϢ, еȻðӣʲôأӹֵı¶֪һЩ֬ӡӶɣȥʼǮ
ڴϷ˼ѽҪ¶ãҲ˯ţˡ
Ÿ⴫ѩùã𣿡
ˡ
ѩһ峺ľˮ˻¶꣬棬׼ۡ࣬Ȳڹõġ⵽棬ûйʱͬգҲޣպźùðɡ
Цˣͬ˵ˣǼС㣬ź𣿡
ѩ䱻˵һ䣬һҲ£뻳÷̽Ҳ쾭ѽ
ϴˣͷںĳһִֵıӣúϵˣǰʣ׸أ𣿡
ѩ˵ˡɨء
׸ǰɽСͯɲŵСүÿ춼ҪڿĺܣǸʵӣȻҲõϲɵź򣬷ŵô˻Ե
׸Ҳһʱ嶯û룬ôɰһССһ˭ֵܵס
֣֮Ÿкͦãʡ鷳֮ǰҵݷãȻûֱ˵м䣬ǹѸһ˴ӵĿѸ
ûб⣬ȥˡ
ǰԼԳԼǹѸ
û뵽ˣû˵أ˶ǹѸ
֪֪ˣ룿Ц룬ջ뷨
ɲɣô뵽ˣ􅱻Ǳ֪ɡ
һŮңĴԺӣֻסѩ䡢׸۪ãʱûסˡ
۪鼸Ǯ˸ʳк룬ȥ⽻Ըһ緹
ȲϹɽ亣ζǿߦֱ͸ƤŷĹĹĵڣϻƳγΡļһ̵ĴлҲʮֿɿˡ
һ룬˶ӣͷȥ
۪һ˻Ĺ뷿ؿѩͷܹڻ䣬ڻľ֮ǷŻһĸ֮ǰ˵Ҫծֻסˡ
ѩСƵģ׸ͷҲǸõģСֻ⻹ûգѾٰ¶˸飬طѼסţʱ㻳ţܰæָ·ҪӿĴ
ǱȼźȲѩ㡣
վϣɵһؿѩͷҲ˵һͷڶƵ㷢ѩգҲδţֻһ˫紫һ㷭ɣ˷١
Ʋ¶һ£˿װܵһ㣬̸⣬ŲС
žӣһԼͷ
۪ľҲе棬ûյľӣѩĲƷˮӡ󶮣ֻȻǸˡ
Ҳųš
ǰڹǲµ˵õԴȴû֮ǣƵ
̫ؾˡ
ããԼױס뻯ܳٺòˡ
ǳǳۣҶüɫãղò֬͸ŷۺ죬Сָ˶筺ɫ֬촽ϣͿһ㡣һһ㣬
仹ĥ´ʲôΣĻͺͺѿģ빬ʱһ͵ĶԸûʲôΣκУصľȻʱ􅱷Ҫϵ֧ñΡ
۪ţһŹֵˡ
ôöȴûʲôΡ
ԥһ£ѩµ룬ùãҼԺǾޱˣȥժһ
ЦףС
۪˵ȥȥѩ̶ۣ˾Ͳˣȥժ
˵ȥȥûһժһǾޱڻķϣҲԵñ¡
ⷬװ֮󣬸һ࣬еſ׼۪翴ֱۡ
Сʦѧ书ûŮˣɽԺΪ˻ծĴڣƽֵżȥȻƣΪҪǮҲΪ÷֮£ȥʮˣǸͯӡ
ǰûʲôãҲûƯŮˣǰЩˣعᲢۡ
׸ܹ𣿴𣿴һȥɡ
һЦôԣȻ㰡
׸СֱԲ䣬󷽷ؿ䣺ÿǻϵһ
˵ôôƭǳԣɲٳˣҪˡ
׸˵㲻ǳԣҲҪ㰡
۪֪ʧ̬æĿ⣬ϽһصѾ׺ˣҪȥĶ
ȥС
Ůǰ硣
ȥ¥˼ΣԺҲûô硣
Ȼȥ
֮󣬻ʵһׯԹȥΣִһھ¥Է׸ѩԼ㣬׸ϼ֣ѩ俴˵
۪ĽѩһȴǶģǰΪѩӵŮ˵ŮҲܶ顣
ѩֻҼű˵ĵ㡣
úЦˣҴǮ
ѩ䵣ǵصùãǮˮһ;Ļţʡŵðɡ
䲻ܣٵ㼸ĺòˣֱѩСһ֣ʲôùġ
ա
Լõȥ⿴ׯò㿪ʼ۸Ͷ˵ˣڱ˼Ǯ
²ؿʼ룬ؿʲôʳʲôˣũŮСʱֵأܲᡣ
պ˵֮ǰ»Ҫ̸
һ⣬룬ѵǾǸѸҪ۸
ȴ˵ǰƭĹˣʵڹⲻȥ¸ۣ۸Ǯˡ
˸ͼ׵ļǮһǮֱǰˡ


52 
֮߱
뽲, ˵ׯ̫ˣʵšûа׵ڱ, Ȼ, ֻǲ֪й˾ʲôġ
ٰ, δվȽŸ, մǶǷ, ǰˡ
Է仹Ǿܾ̬ԽԽɡ
ֻϧæ˺üգ, Ѻ͹򶼰״ˣׯ
鷳
Ҳû٣¿ͷѵù黢Ѳ
􅱱һ, ʲôˡ
, Ъ죬Ժӡ
СѺԺӲݶ, Ҳһ飬ϼգҵũһĻݣȥԺ
ݪŪҲһѧʣ԰ԷɽׯһЩãˣֽϴ»һ, ˰ѰķԸѻϣöʯһСơ
һҲգһľ衢ͨĵС԰
仹˳ͷȥء
ѩ׸ӲҪһɻûһڳһֻ򾣬Ƕϳڵģѩſˣһ߾úЦһ߰ο嵽£Ӹҵ衣
׸ڵﵹǸɻģСҲʲôػԼǼΨһкӣ֪ģȻһθУҪΪĶСͷȥȥѧƴʯӶ
æͷˣһȥһ䣬СƻƵĺ˵СҪӸܸɣСˡ
ҪĿڣѩܸĲˣùþ͹ùðɣڻϵǼѩֶŮŮѩе̫ˡ
ѩڹеĳԴöȣСҲųģǱˣڴڸӣʮ꣬Ѿļˡ
׸Ķӣ˸ïָ󸻴ֻϣܹƽس׸˵Ǽƻ֮ĺӣʱû˴ȥŷ˳˺ףһӦȫ׵ˡ
һһ澣һʹѾͷǹ͵ģСǩ꣬ȫƶ˼ңﺢӶ࣬СС;ͳ׬Ǯܵá
ǰǰһ£ææŵأǰٵĲˡ
գùţּҵ̹ţ˵
ּڱ˼ң̻и޸߹٣˵ھ٣ƷĻС֣ϡиӡ󣬵û˵Ķͷ˾飬˵仰
Զײڡ
ԺӣּҾ˹Ŵ֣ǣҲҪǮ
иͻµ棬ԼԺԺûţƫԶޣڹеˡ
˫ʮ껪ԭǿݾñ˴ԼĪû뵽һʣ侹ȻѾʮˡ
Ըһ˸߲ҵ뻳˵㣬ϻز˵ʹ˸ţⲻ˼ҪҪȥ
и֬ӣиīӣҪĸ
΢΢Ȼ룬ôŵģ²ʲôɡȥơ
λһȥӣãһŹˡ
Ӷܺãλúãããԭ˵ԸƶǲҪĻ԰
ѯһתü۸ȻûϻׯʱףȴҲǸƫ͵֡
Ц̵֬Ķң۸ôͣ
Է˵ų֡ǳҪˬ죬ֱӸˣҺʡʡ¡
īӵĶҵ˵£Ҳ˵м¡
ô𣿻佫ŽɣԼⱲӶû߹ˡ
˵Ҫٿǿǣȥܱߴһӵ⣬ȷûʲô£˼֪Ҫӣһ䡣
ȰϽɣôõļΪʡ£һϣûˡ

ܾﲻԣȷʵϲãڶȥǮҵһȻһ⣬ѵĸģҿƣµ꿪š
ǰĴͷٸ̻ᡣ
ٸûΪ̻ͷҲƽ˳ʱΪףҵǲһ
ƸƣԿ˳⣬ûվ˺üλˣһֺ̣ǳ衢ĴԴ
룬ֱٰ̼أ˻̣˵˲žȻƸƹ񡢻ƣ
һ˳ó档
Լ̫ͷ־ǲԼ̫ɡ
вУǼӹˣкӹ̹𣿴־ǰ˵̫үҲء
š
ҵĵգеƦåŶǮձѣ䷴Īһ
˵ôãⲻһ⻵ˡ
Ʀ۲˻һӣǸ޿ĹѸò˭
Ǯռˡ
ҵ۪ߣŻ䣬ȹǶûš
ƦһͨòɣſһѪĭݺݵţҪ׿ҡ
Ҳ֪ȡȥٸˣ£ȴǴ˴𷣡
˵ô˵ֵƦڹٸйϵŸ˺Ϊ˦˦ݻŻһ˶ѡȶסȻ˭ΪѸÿС
ƦЦ𣿵Ƿ
䣬ٸ˵ˣһ˽ˡ
ɵۣǰֵܵ˷·ʧ䣬ʶƵģѺˡ
һȺֵϰգԴ棺Թԣһͷıץ
汻ץˣô£
λСʲôˣʹöٸˡ
Ǳ𣿸ղλС˵ʲôɷٲȻץ˰ɣ
˰ɣ㲻֪ģǻֵĴթˮֲһգôرץˣ
ԣû˵ĬĬػȥˡ
˽۪磺ֻһ󹻣ϴβ˵㻹ʦֵʦ𣿿ɷԸԸҲǮ̸԰ס
۪вӣһڴӦãдȥʡ
ֻû뵽չٸǱ߻˸ʦүƥٽǸ˵ŵˣѹ
ŰߣϵЦ
ѩɵɵ˵ùãصĹٸǱִȻҪãҸȹӡ
һյѾ͸Ĳ裬һţ𶯡
ط䣬š
˳дһš빬ֻ֮ƽĿֱдŻعУдɽĵࡣд˳ȴָ􅱣ãͨƪ½ؼһ١
գ˳յţȶһ飬ЦԺŴһӣʹȥ
͵􅱰ʱ³鷿һ˳תͻдţʱѣȲش


53 
ʶذ, Ϊǻдģû뵽ôܿױּ
廹תͻţʲô˼й, Ҫ
, 廹ͦϵģӲԧĶ¡
, Ҳܾǻд, лת
дʲôأٰרŴ, ԭƺһЩ˳ʹĵذﻳ䣬һж˰ɣ
һլԺҪׯ, к۸ˡ뵽ˣһ͵ʲô, ȫô죿􅱸Ͻ˹ȥ, ҪסǶ۪յá
ǰ˵м־ģǻԺ, ܲ͸磬ûе㱻ɵˣҲ֪˼Ҿ͸۪ʮʢСýᣬһǸˣôֿ
􅱾Լﻳ䰲ŵ׵ϸһдһаðɡ
ţ􅱴, ȿͷ䣺

Ŷдġ􅱲ЩʧŰοԼ빬ûãôô͸дأ
ˣ􅱻һһĶ¿©һƵģᵽԼͷһɵһϲ¿ɫѿ

ǰұ˽ҪһׯǮҲ̸ãƺǹѸȻĿڣҪ͡

ǰգһ֬ӣҲ֪ģǰƣȫȻǸˣԸⱾҲҪѸ

ҵ¿ţеƦɧţٸֱӽߣﴦ
ҵٰգʢ̫ƽ̺壬ȫԱõһŮܰĴ
􅱶ţѿڶѸʲôѸ޻ûءŮͷǵǹѸЩôôûʶ
дùġ
ƷƷһʱ֮䣬Ҳֲ廳ڿأء
ţǻдģʵϻдġûкûȫģͲָıˡ
䷢˽İˡ
􅱲Լд
ûѻץֻ̧̧֣һ°ˡѵҪؿԼϲŮܿΪʵۣˣܼˣ
ǰ̫Ȼˡ
􅱶ţһе룬µ˽й
ȷʵˣòΣ˲ߣߴʵڲ
˻ʵԺˣʱһ·Ըȥ˼֣ЩİĦ˼ԹͼӴףֵʱ򣬶ѳۡ
Ҳˡ
һʥӾǷٰ˲Ҳϡ档
ƤҰοôǻдţһдģһװϻ
дţϸţǷմѪǷһֱꡣ
뾩ԺЩţóԼ˼ˡ
صɿԹóˡ
Ҳ֪ԼΪʲôҪЩֽǰǸʱ᲻ûˣΪдʱǱץٲ빬Ů˽ܵš
䲻֪͵͵ţʱйһͷҪǱĸˣ˳ưѻҪźԼ͵⵵£ҪһֱʵʵѣҪ̫ˡ
ĸǸˣ뿴ԲŹ̸Ļ¡
Ҫ䵱檣ػͬ⣬ˡǻܵȥˡ
ʱ˵ڻʺߡйӦɱֻһ輧Ҫмֵˡ
ա
􅱴ҳһ⣬һۣǵջġ
֮以ഫŲףҪձᴩһ˫ЬɫЬӡʹÿһ䣬ͷȥĽš
ҲдֽϾͼ֣գʱϵط
ǰֺڵҲͬڵıʷԲһЩǰ􅱷мֺЦ
֪ģͻȻ뵽ҪǵȢ˻أ
ǺܻƣǣҲȫɡ
ʺĸ󶼲Ļ£һȥ󸸻ʣҪȢʺ˵ȢɣһѣǲӦÿԣٲҲǸ檣Ȼ˺ӣͿԷ˶ӣ͸Ҳǲаɣ
ǻ֮ǰӣ˳¾ͿԵĻʹǻʺˡ
􅱱Լͷһ
ʲôأҸŮ̫Ӵ̫Ļ̫ϵţλҹ㡣λӵҲҵŮ
ۺ죬Ҫһǲġ
ʲôأǶˡ
ҡҡͷסĪİûڡ
ʮʱǿȢ˻䣬ˣ˵һء
ӻ˵ƾʲôҲƽ֮Ҫλһһоעˡ
~~~
ٰǽ෹̸Ķࡣ
ǰЩӣаԵʱĵͷľȻٸвΪ棬ڲǸСѸǸʲôûչٸ±һ飬ССı㲻ˣ˱꼰ĳ㡣
ɶӡ
֬ӵСѸʵãű۸þ͸ĵùһͨ鷳⣬Ҫ
ʵ˵һ䣺һƦ۸˱оȻһϡ£ٰɾʱɨɨˡ
Ǵϵ±һ顣
ͷƽ˾
գ􅱱ڻʹȨλҲȣ˵Ǹĸָʲôʱᴮͨɱ􅱾³͢
ˣˣҸһװɲ֪ˡ
ֻҪڴӣԸ仰¡
룬Ǯ̶򺣴ڻʹĲһĺ־˵˴ȥңкڵˡ׵ˣ顢顢飬ɫͷ󲻳ǲ
еǮ̫ˣ򴬣Ǯ
Ҫȥ
ɽȥ֮󣬹˰£ӾǼһš
׸ýʵղиŽֽ
ӹһۣûϲ𿪣׸û˵ʲô
׸ҡҡͷûС˭͵İʦ𣿡
˵ǰɡ
һֲõԤУ뿪˭֪˭дš
˳􅱡
ڲеΪһʱдŸ􅱣􅱱ػŵġ
ʲôأⲻź˿
ŷ浹˳ıʼ𿪿һֽһСŷ⣬ֽдţϸģû𿪿
䶼ֵģֽģգŰ􅱵Ų𿪿
Ϳһдʲô΢һġ
룬һţο꣬һдŻȥˡ


54 
􅱵̹, ֱӳдٸˣҲ˶ѣصĹԱ֪Ǻˡ
д͢, δ, ⲻӦҶ꣬ȴӲ, ֻǷԸһ, ûʸࡣ̫, Ժ˱ǡ
ԽԽˡ
Լһȭ޻ϡޡֶûдͨƪдǡҡ·ֻһѣԹػˡ˵ɵ, ֻ˵дȷʵ̡
һ̬ûеʵˬسϣӦ, ޷ָ, ԵʶôƵġ
ĽֻԸһ𣿻䲻̫š
ɹȴǷˡ̹, ¼ɣ􅱸۲£αرԼģ
һֽڶţд
ҪңɻתֱӼĵׯӣԻ˽ϡ
䲻֪ôԸ􅱣ͻȻˡ, ϴ󣬷СҲôǿƱˣ˻һ˵Ȩϣ˵͵ǶʱԻͷȥ
ֻһ仰֮ͨʹ֮
ȴԼ̫ãһۣͰ˵ĵطסˡԥһ£Ŷ¯ۼŵȼһŻֽճɻҡ
빬֮ǰҲ֪סڴ룬ı֮£νڱȻޡ
ɻϣȫȫң
ڳ䣬ʳסУɵ£Լдȴ»壬ܹͷ¶ûκڴңϻǸˣ޷ɣǻǵЭ
˵֪㡣
һһ˽Գū澣˱ҪϥѾܺˡ
俴¯ֽȼյǵ
ִдһţݲݼ䣺
ǻٹˡ
ΪһţҪٻء
~~~
ҵȣûȵš
룬ǲ͵͵ĸˣǳɽȥڻ㡣
˳൱ӭһ˵ôҵɽˣ
􅱴ⲻǾûį𣿡
˳ڱƵص°ɣ
􅱵Ц
ֶһȥ
岻֪ǲǹģȻݻջٵƬɽַｨһСľͤӣľ̵̦޺ʢʱðһѿ
Ҳỳ£˳˵ûдš
ӵָͣͣӣĵ׿䣬Ƭ¼Żɽ֣Ӧһ
˳˵꣬㲻˵Щ£ҪţͿһۣǺȤҲȥ̽
һ޵ĳˣЩŮ鳤
塣
֣̣֣ʯḷ̌һ֮죬˳ЦһȻȻ˵ҲʹһС
ҲЦһ£мϲҽ̵ġ
Ǵ˻ӣϲ˵
ǰʶˣʱɰСŮ
ʱֲһҽʶ֣ȴѧ뿪ҡ
ʵ֪ߡ
뵽ǰ
һг䶨ĵǻ佫ҪУûǮ龫ǣǱһͳΪæýŲմء
ǻǰһգʽϻʵ۵ǰһգһҹ˯ţ־ȥһ䣬Ҳû˯
żû˯м㲡
ȴȨѹ˼ȸԾ˵䣬Ҫϻʵˡ
Ժ㲻˵ҡˣԳơޡ
ĳˣҵĳҲˣӴûң
ܵλӹΰҪʲô
Ϊһ֡ΪŮ޷Ҫһɾһݳ谮Ҫʲô
һЦǱ´һˡ
ʱЦˡ
ƽض˳˵ܸģ޶ˡҪģ޸ˣһֱװɲ֪
ҲҡǰЩ룬ʲôʱʼҵģ֮ƺҲûʲô¡ҷڲʱҸһʱҹʱ
룬Ӧҵϻʵһҵһǰʱ
ŵǸӣҲֻǿȥ˳룬Ӳ磬˵
˵ʲôҪȨףͬǻʺӣиĸֳǹ֮ӣΪ˻ֻ
֪һ̰ᣬ¤ǰûȨҾҪȨˣһӵġ
˵ҶҪֻҪġ
˵˵ţԼ·𽥽Ȼʡ
ͤⲻ֪ʱһɳɳСꡣ
˳ˣ岻רģû˼
ЦЦֻͻ˵˵⿪Լ
˳Ȼľ仰ˣԩҡƽδմ鰮ңһ԰׷һɽ
Ҿл㲦
˳ȴɲңǻʵۣʲôʲô
ȥһ˵ۡ
Ǻӵƣһ㡣֮ǰۣȥ룬ôںˣôĴԼĺӡ
Ϊ
ɵӵģǱʵŪˣֻſλſ©ˡ
ҹ֮ǰɽع
ȥһйСԺ˾סÿɨԻࡣ
ڻ˯һҹ
ΪСԺһԴֽͨǵģԺӲǣ߲ǡ
ʲôˣΪʲôӵлģ
ʵۻܣɿԡ
ڻ仹ûԶĻû͸δȼ˲񣬽ͣʹҸȼ
˯ȵһա
øôˡ
һ
һõ޿ߵʰݷ£Ȼ˰йСԺĶȥȲúˣʱסȥ
ʱܲˡ
Ȱѻһɡ
ŷԸȥ􅱾յ˻ĹţдӲ飬ȴЦˡ
ŷŻϻ
ۣ뵽ðȴҪ˵αؽʱ˷һ΢СŮϣ
ǻǰض˵ɡ
ڹУ϶ܰѻл
ǱڻʹҲǴ粽Уһˡǻ˳ƽڼ󣬹սԣҲǲܼһǮѲ
ÿ԰𣬲;ܣиԺ
˱㲻ߣǴ죬ǡʺȥߡ
˽ϣȥһͷˡ֮ǰҪѻ׷ȥ
~~~
μųȥ˼գͻȻһš
һֱû룬Ӧ˰ɣ˵ôֱӣʶôӡ
ǲ̫ģܾƺ֮ǰЩһˣ֪Ҫ
˹£ȻûϢŷ׸ͣȥѧö飬ѩ顣
ɵعӣȴ˵Ѳ֮¡


55 
˻ϸ˵, ˵ʵѲϢǰգڼа˸Ůѧá
ѩڹǹѧֻǿλû, ͱ˹, ׸ȥ˽飬׸˽ӲŮ, ԻͳʱԼϿΡ
۪Ľѩܶд, ۰Ͱ, ȴ˼ʣ۪һÑȥʦ
ֲ۪˼˵ԭҵĶˣ߶, ȴҪ鷳ҡʵʶѧ֣Ҳ̽Ұɣһѧ, ѧò, ̱㲻ˡ
Ļܾ
ǿԣϣŮӶпѧ
㿪ʼŮѧ, ûգڵ̫̫֪浱ŮȤҪϿΣ䲻ұٵ黭ֻ㡢Ӧꡢڡʳס֮Ľ
ѩѲǹѧزμŮٿˣЩź˵Ŀλ䶼ʡˣҲûôϿĹʡ, ÿ̵ģϻҪȥîڼҸ۪鲹Ρ
СҪãȥ涼Ҫ֡
̼ϵίʵǺãһӣһׯҪӣͽͷöˣȴΪѣǴݲȣпŮɼжǿ
̻ͷ˼̫̫̫̫İ壬һ񣬰ּҵССһѧ񡣻䲻ǷÑӣֻٰܹվȽŸּҵĲշ֮Ͱˡ
һֻǷţֻҲǷš
ּҵССʮ꣬ѩ䡢۪鲻ͬǸֺСŴӣòСС۾Щϴ絽ЦǸ߳ĵС
òãǳΪóģ˲ͬô˻ᣬÿ㣬ŮŮͬѧԡ
СְְģǸвסģÿһӰҪ½˵
СҲֵعһȲ˵֪֪Ҫٰˣ
ѩԽһ㶣û۪صģ
Сߴ˵һ˵ʵۣ
Ҵûмʵۣ֪ʲôǸͷӰɣرɫ˵ǧӣ¡
ǣǣһʵۣѾȥˣʵ»ʵۣء
Ҷ֪
ǰɣҵ˵ģǿɱ˵ȥѽ˵Ͽܻټ࣬ҵҪһܲڻǰ¶
عüס˵˸߲ҵ˵ôʲô˵Ǹأ
С㱻ѵ⣬ס죬ɵɵش𣺡ֲǻˣҲʲô°ɡ
˵һ٣֮ȥʲôصϢʵѲ齥۷׷ס
ŮٳԶأƹʼ¼ʮڣΡڼԱ볯Ӽݣڼ佫һ·ꡢĺӡ䡢ĺѧʿȵȡ1
ȥһС̵ĶҺ޸ϵ
ܾΡ
ѲС£Ҫһ·г̣صǰ׼빬֮ǰɴû􅱽ҪѲ£һûСʱѲŮ٣􅱲ٸ֮ҲӦ
һ̫ˡ
һôͼݵö֮Ϊʦڣ􅱵˽⣬􅱰ѽɽ𢿴ñʲôأϷ
Ϊ֪ߣѩ䵣ĵ˯þʻ䣺ùã˵ٰǲ
ҡҡͷᣬѲǴӾǳһ·£ٰǽسǣ֮أѲڴפݣϡ档
ѩͷ˵ǡҾ¡ϻ˵᲻ѩ䰡Һ
ͷͻС
ʱͳԺʱԸĿͬʮʱ򣬾һǺܳӣʱĸ鿴Ҫɵٻͷȥ·߳ˣǶӱԽԽԶ̣΢С
򻹼Уֻûôˡ
ѩʣһô죿ʱǻ˵Ҫһ𣿡
ѩֵʳһʱ֮䲻֪ôشŵĳ̫ˣʵ˷Ц䲻Ц˳ˡ
ˡ
αѰգ􅱻᲻ᣬͷȻֱΣȥˡ
Ц£ôæѹûһƣţҲûһƸȡ
ѩ˰죬ץʣǲǵʥǲǸøϽȥһͱϣ
仹Լһյ裺û£ʱһᴦģٰ֮ǰҾʹȥĵطסգһܣŵġ
׸ҲܲģһۿŻ䱻ץߵ£̵Ӱ
Ҳ͵͵һ䣬ʣǲǷץ㣿
䰲οġ
׸ͷɥίͰ͵˵ϴͰץˡ
˵Ҳ߾ˡ
׸ԥһ£ʣ㲻߾ܲ𣿿ǻʵҪҵҶҪ˵ҪҪʲôùãҪҴܡ
̫ɰˣ䱧ǿɵлл׸ˣôСܵûûҿء
׸òɣʹԼ쳤󣬱ס
ڶȥ۪ʦѧգҪȭţźñ䡣
ŻµĽŲӽϢ׵ش
øһʲôżԩΪԩʹȨ󣻻л΢ѲӺӵ̣ƶΪҽβŮѧӵķйļûУһѧнѧߣͶ飬Ľɣ˵ȥÿһͶ飬Ӽ˼λųе¼ȴ괺ǣеıֱӱֱӴߣһ졣
ֹ£ȨĹ޷󣬵ǰÿղﶼڽ
佫ŽɣµһǱģǾͼӴףɾԼ˴ġ
ⲻֻ֪˵ٰڣ˶˵»ʱһλǫѷӵĺûʵۣ·ߵСӶһֿʵ۵Ķڴ
ȥҲûʵȷʵòǻǯƣܴһЩûбֻ˲ģȷ¡
Խ˵􅱲Ľɽ֮£ԽģزŮ鳤
͵ɣܱܿαꡣ
ٰѲԶǰʰңһСȥׯסһ£ˣٰȥ
⴦ׯǻǰ¸ðģ£¿ϴֲֲˣȥӱ߲ҰȤ
һգֵػؼңš
۪ȥʣԷ𣺡·˵أȥǷͶһ
۪߻䣬˵ֻһˡ
ߵſڣ۪翪ţһ򿪣Ϳվ⡣


56 
߰˳, üĿʣͷ, һϮ, Ŷ˵Ķšһ˲ţ޺
빬С, ˵̲, ˵, ñ˴˴ʱģֻһЩһЩ
ͻȻǳ, İһ㣬һ㶼ûлʵ۵ļӣȥ, ֱ֮Ƿиֵ䡣
ܿ뷨
ֻФ࿴, ȷ􅱡ǻɻϳǱ˴̫֮Ϥˡ
􅱱ϱŸ, ֻ˵һʹӶûУģع񣬿һԵ۪磬۪߽ȴ±
˾Уۡ
Ĵ磬СعȻ֪ƸһӢĻԺʱ˵Ժʹ, ֮Ӧ
ȼʶϵͨۡ
λ۪۪ԺֹסЩᣬſţһ仰û˵һ֮󣬾ȻȥǸ˵ɫֻһ˲䣬􅱻زЩ
۪ǵҡ
װģҾ񣺡Ӻá
Ҳû˳ƺӡͲᣬ˽СӡԼҪò˼أɴ壬􅱵˵ܾúŹ֣塣
ôôҪأ
伸ɲغ˺һ£ʲݵػһ񣺡Ӻá
ʹι;˵أ
ڽ􅱵Ļѻ
􅱰㲻ſھֳϿҵص
ߣҡɡС
󼲣Ѱҽҩ
䣺
ʲô
вģӦҪߣǻԺ󷴻ڣڷˣûּٰ
«ľʲôҩ
ֱӰŹϣò׼ʲôӺաƶĻһ֮˵ұŲȻʼ֮£϶ǻῪ
ίߣǽ׶쳣ŬظûΣ
һʱ֮Ҳ֪˵ƻȤ
Щ˷úЦ
􅱿ЦЦԼʵڰеĹ⡣
ҪݣݣҪͶǰªţסߡ
죬صᣬᣬɫ磬СС̲Ҫٷʣ
ԭûҪǮˣ׵Ǹİɡ
Ŀջסһġ
˵꣬ÿ·ù»ЩʣҪԣ͸һ롣
ʣ𣿡
ͷ
ȷʵûһʱöˣлӡ
ҡҡͷлңԣǮģһʮǮ
ƵģӦúúá
˵ʲô􅱾ʹӦʲôһûС
һȭ޻ϵĸоͷ𣬻Щ˵ıŤ
˵ҽ£һһӡعɡ
۾һգգƵ􅱣ҪϿһҪһ̽
Ȼǿʼˣڵۿɼغ˸һ£ߣ᲻á
Īһ꣬ʱǰ􅱣Ӱص
¾ᴫȾ죬Ҳе㲻˼ˡ
ڵ΢΢ߣһÿ·
􅱱һ޴ţֻлÿ·ǲýţߵ۪ǰ鷳һ·
۪һֱվԭûİ˽ǻԺôôɣòŽš
˵ˣû·ߵߣͷ˵ңҾòţڻѻǿ׳ȴ˵Լȥɾǲ֮Ƚϼ룬ӦǸϰ֮ˡ
۪粻̫ͬ˵˵ǹһˣѱӦı㡭
Щḡ𣿡
̿Ц̧ڴ
˵û􅱾Ǹɫ˶ƳɫƫԼװģ˵Լһɣ
ʵ̲סˣüֹס꣬ѣ˵ʲôô仹Цˣ
һ﾿ǺηʥǸ콭𣿾Ȼǵû䷢ЦжҪãôܶЦ
۪֣ƽҲһ̰֮ˣΪôΪ⼸ĵʳ޷ֿʿ
Ҳ߲ϲΪʲôҪӦޣ
􅱿뻳ôһǹȴסҲ̫ӽˣǵ˰ɣɺͳ
۪ϾְԺȰ˵Ȼ޾ɫͷ˵֪ллˡ
ûϵ
ɡ
˵գ֣ץһӣ۪ٸ·һ·мˡ
קһ£ʶ̫ˣŵϵһڵغˡ
赭дƲһۻק۪ӵ֣Ϸƽ˾ҪըѰ˵ָ
ƵؽԺӣְѱϵŷ˼顢һЩϴѺȴѾܳˣصطڵϡ
ʱŵ׸Ȳסˣવ֣ܳԺӣӭײ􅱡
ⲻӵĻʵ𣿣
ɰʵʵһƵģŵһƨɵһӣܵһ룬ܣܱ߽У
ֹܻƿ􅱣ɿܵߣŵĶðҪ¸ҵصǰһᱣġ
䣺
ѩ׸Ժߴߴ۵ؽУҲ۪ǣһȥʲô¡
Ҳϵ􅱣ʶϥһСŮıܲȥŰȥأ㱻˸ڰ֪վϽ㵽ߣùá
룬бҪ޵ʲôˮ޽ճǰ˾ӣԼѾܺ˰ô
λ·Ͷ޵ӣסһĪȥ
СһãȻ
תͷ􅱣ȥŰɣҸŪԵġ
ŻΪûһһС͹ѽʣµļ׷һһץҰˡĢһȥһͨͦ㣬Ų棬蹷һ
Сǰľһţ˵Բסֻˣպų԰ɡ
ѩһ߿ŶҪˣùôôϰ
ҲеûӣûϵֲǻʵۣĲǻʵ۵ӣ􅱵ӡ
ʣС𣿡
𸴣ûС
һס
􅱣
ʵʵͳԣ˵ζǺܺõģȫˡ
۪һֱڽ䱸􅱣̫ˣȻҲע⵽׸ѩĶƺʶˣΪʲôҪװɲʶء
Ϊ۪绹վίصң·ûʰãҾÿס·ã˯Ǽӻ粻⣬˯һɡ
һ۪˯һŴһͬ˯ǿŵ֮Ĵܴ찡˯СѾίʵ۱ˡ
˵û£סǼУ˯ɡ
ƽȻص̨صңҲ޵ˡ
׸֣ͷʣ˯
ͷá
􅱺ĿһСëӾȻСŻҪͻһ˯
̧ͷȥ
̬òᣬֺõЦЦع
صӣ㳤;˰ɣ㲻ǻؼʱ磬Ъ°ɡ
˵꣬ǣ׸ˡ
Щ׷ȥſ벽ֱ۪סȥ·۪ӣҲȥסӰɡ


57 
۪һҹû˯, ڷĶǸˣӦ, ҹӦıһҡ
Ҳû˯, Ϊ˻Լӿŵֿ, ȷ˷, һ˯Ժ, 㽥侲Ӽ尾һôȴ׽ˡ
ԭŻô, ɻҲûʣ
ţЩ˯, Щ˯, ЩԽ, Խ˯ţշתһϣ۵㲻˯ˣϽ𴲣ܲڻ֮ԵƵġ
һ𴲣Ǳ۪Ҳ
Լһµϴ, ǵ岻ڡȲֵˣӣĶ࣬Ҳ࣬ЩūūҵѧԼչԼ
ڱ߳Ǵ̣ѧࡣ
ԵǻԺߵĶū澣ÿһ۾ҪһҪźѾûԸˡ
²棬ڻǰ©˳۪磺ںδϴ
۪ȥˮ􅱾ˢҪĨ֬ǵ۪΢΢ü°һôôʵԼˣòǿ˶Ǹ޲ƵòѸĻ죬ҪŵŮɣ
۪ԽԽ˳ۣԥб􅱣ôôС
˵ʵڻ߽ô꣬ӢεҲûȷʵм˼Ƕͻᣬƺʹ䣬Ƕһһܾˡ
ߣ飬ŮҲɾ˵շǿÿһΪɫ󡭡ǶӦûôǳɣ
ϸϸԼһ򵥵ͷķеˣ⿪֮ᣬԼ˼ζ᲻ãֻɢͷԺľŪŪԵøˡ
һţͿվԺ£࣬·ʣһСӣѳֵסǻҲǱ􅱵ƤҸƭˡ
׸˵Ц߳
׸˯һ𣬽Ҳ磬˵ţȥˮϴ
Цлл׸ˡ㻹Сأȥ
׸СӺһ㣬ͦصǰڵ۵ʱÿնҪɻģСҵɴأ۪綼˵˵ѧѧúá
Ȼʲôʱȥѧ书ˣ˵أǰÿ춼һҲ㣬ԭȥ书ˣ˵Ҳû㽻ʲôҪõѣôܳȥûӰڵø̿Ƶġ˶ѧʲô᲻ȭ￴
׸ʶԼ˵©ˣͨ죬Ť˵ûѧʲôѧ˴ȭٴ㿴
ûڣ˵Ļĸһ㣬ܰҲᡣ
ĳ͸СһҲᱳ飬Ҳȭˡ
ʱտʼ䣬΢ѧЩȭţҲȥǰ԰ڣûݵԼ޲´ಲл俴жá
л䳡躹ޣӮʾƫƫɻʺּͶվڱϿؿڱһĵ䣬ûӡӮ졣
Աһ߳һӰĸܰůķΧƻˡ
һ㶣׸Ҳ첻˵СĴһŵضѵ˻ָʾ֪Ҫܡ
Ҿ񣬵Ϻá
ûֻ˵ӣһ㲻ǻҪѰҽҩ·
􅱺Ƥ𣺡Ҫҵҩڴ˴ӿɷסҺϸϸѰ
ԥ˵ɡ
􅱣
ֻԼһƱŪΪʲôܾأҪܾΪʲôһҹΪʲô־ܾôֱӣ
Ůģ롣
һ˫ˮԼţδЦǣƺҲ˵ᣬôأ
ʵҲѲ£ϷŪһ£ڶѡ
׽Ū֮Ļ亱Уǰڹٻأϸ۸ôȲҪΪʲôҪ
Ҳ˵ˣɣ􅱣ŵ̽΢۸¿
̫Ҳ
􅱱Ц죺Цʲô
Цͷˡ
˵ʱǹһεĿռ䣬˶벻ȥȻȻص𣿡
ЦһϾصҲᣬؼȥе˸ͷαܿأһСָ㣬ô죿㻹ȥң
ҲûܿˣȴǴһֻԼöֻƵ
ⲻҩ𣿡
ҿ念ģĪƭҵİɣʲô㵹˵
􅱵˵˼ô˶ţ֪ݵˣ仹ţ˵ʲôɲĻܵͱ׵úܡңƤû񵽵뻳顣
ֻøɰͰ͵ڨڨ˵ǡһֺĲ˵ǴҲ֪ƽ￴£һͻͷʹҹ¡
أһ˶𣿡
ܵģǲҲҪΣ߳βˡ
ܲ˼۾ƹһ۰ͰͣҪ˴ؼҡ
ȥŶ
һʵ۾Ȼ˵
һмĶӡһլӵĹŮӵµĻʵ۰
۪ţź֪ʶҺ˴ǰʶϵǳ
侲ؿҲֻ߽ż룬˵ϣԶŵëκá
Ҳʲô⣬Ҳһֱ⣬һ˶Ҫ˷ʲôʱ䣿
ۿˣúܺãûнʳҿҵ˫ǮжŮҲܹúáʵҲлл㣬£Ҳкӹ
􅱱֮ŪĿڽʹնѣʲôжûܾʹ԰ܣֻúƤ˵룬ա
۪翴˻һֻۣҪ˵ˣɨسš
ӣסǾסհɡ
żʲô
ۿԼʲôʱżÿ𾢣Ц
⼥ҲǮˣⲻˣҲ㲻ϿˣҪգҸɻ
۵
۲µġ롣
ȴԥһ£˵á
Цһ˵ãҸɻ
˵꣬׸ϴȥˡ
۪絣ĵ˵ңҪ𣿡ǲʶ
ͷʶ㲻ý䱸ıƺ˼ģΪġ
􅱻طͷȥˣȥ᲻á
űиͯ𣺡ñͷᡣ
􅱣
ѭȥ׸أ̽СԴ
׸ɪһ£ߵߣֻСȭͷֻСţһĹĵͷ治˵ˣ߰ɡֻҪڣͲῪġ
􅱺ЦʣΪʲô
һͻС׸ᵽͺģ͵˵ˣΪĺӸɱˣ㻹̫ˡ


58 
Ǳ޼ɵͯԸס, ܰ㣬֮΢΢, īڵĳ, һ˲Ѫľעðĺͯ
׸һߴɽһ, εѹ, վԭ, һҶ˫һɪɪ¶ǿضס
СС, мֵɫ􅱵ô˵ģϸ˵
׸µ, Ͱ͵, ˵ˣҸ˵Ҫǲ, ĵͻ
ֻͻȻлǣȴ˴Ϣ
λΪʲôҪɱǵĺӣ̫ˣҲ֪ԲӦãǻ̲סȥǸӼĺӡ
Ϊ
˳ǰн䱸ȴںǰԡ
􅱻ع񣬿׸ɫ¡һܵģץסֱ, ־صۣ˵ʲôҡ
ΪǿͰףʵȻ׸ŵˣҪʣ䲻õץҼҺʲô
֣׸ǽĨ͵Сವ˻ߣ㵽קȹӡ
׸𣬵Ϊ􅱣ǻͻȻĳ֣Լ֪ѻ˵ȥã˵ǰղʵ̫˲˵©죬֪᲻﷢֡
ǰСлĸһüߵص􅱣ҺĺȻ۸ҼС
ֱӱɨسţȻҲ뿪˲һʱûס̫ˣŵˣǶԲס
ûһԲס𣿡
룬ֱҲûʲôţ֧ľεݸ׸Բŵˡ
ֻľ˿ľģԭ뻳֧һԣ빬ʱûߣһҲû˼ֻ᲻á
׸һۣҡҡͷûϵҲҪ˳ء
룬ǸʶСֻͨĽܱȵģ
俴һۣһ׸ı˵Ȼ㣬Űɡ
׸ͷһָۣʾȥ˹ϣð
ȥ􅱣±􅱴£֪
ߣ׸û䲻ע⣬ͷ͵͵˿􅱡
􅱼͵ԼЦЦգ۾׸־ʵҲûôˡ
ߣҲѵǺ˵ôȥȥʲô
׸ε˵ȥ
Ŀɿڴһʱ˵ǲ֪ߵغ񣺡ʵҲ
׸Ǻ˭۸
׸СԹ˰죬ǰڵۣҪǷͷɨһԺӣ˵ǡҷɨһ°ɡ
̿дһŴ֡
׸͵ͷ
􅱻ͷɢϾѩ˿ţ˵ùҹͷ
􅱷ѩذͷ롣
ԥһ£뵽Լɣǻʵۣ˵һл
ѩʱϥһֲû£Ƴϻ̳Ͽֵ˵ū澷ڵ¡ùáùҸ˵ˣ͡ͻȥɡʱ䱦󣬲ⵢˡ
􅱼̾Ȼ˵ǰɶǻʵ̸ۣף
䱾ľأͭǽڣȷǲôķĴңҪ磬һҲãܲ滯ġ
˵ùò˵Ҫָһ𣿡
ѩҡͷҡҲ֪ùû˵
ùúͻ϶²͸ˣҲ㲻˾ʲôôͻȻ͹ˣ֪ǻϣùþȻ׻ϡ
ùõӿȵģѹֹùõᵱй˹˽ӳȻȫˣͿ϶̬ȣͬ
˵գԼȥһ䣺ع㲻ǻ˵лҪ𣿡
Ȼüô°Լܣ
􅱼еëһ㣬Ц£ʵ˵ҹʱߣҪ죬һʱѡ
һ˵Ҫߣһӷôæʲô
􅱰ԣɬȻֻǡֻ̲סȴɵҾ㣬ΪǸˣֻɣ
زɫˣôһ˵Ҳǻʺȡġ㲻֪ҵСɣҵСС
û˵꣬􅱼˵֪СѾ
䣺
ʣô֪ģ
􅱵֪ϼģʹˡȻΪǻϼʱϼҵź·ôһҹ֮𣿡
Ͼǻϼңĳ谮֪ʹⲦһӣǸҲعٹա
ʱ
􅱵ҼˣЩʲô߰ɡ
䱻۰Ͱ͵ţʮʱ􅱣ǸɵӣÿһͶͣ
ֻ˸ᣬԼ²ԼȴһͨܿңȻ˶֪˽´ͨˡ
􅱱ˣɵؿ˵ҡ̲ס
죬֣㣬һ쵽㣬̲ס뿴㡣
Ҳ̫ˣûҲ졣
ûûƤز˵Ҿ㣬뱧㣬
ʱתΪ
􅱳ûˣɿһ£׽һ°ɣҾͲˡ
ԥ˵̫ˡ
ƭһӿ˼飬ŪŪѧˣܿġ
Űɣ𣿡
ǰǸ꣬ȴǸˡ
ҡͷûʲôҪġ
ʵҪĻȻҪ;Ұһ°ɡ
׼ǾƼֻ̳ſڷ£̧ͷ􅱣Ǳס㶵ؾ͸˻
Ϊ˼ұҪˣֻл
ѩ˵ù˵ںԺ㣬ƹȥ
һ̳ơ
˵ҿһ°ɡ
􅱴򿪾ƣ֮һɵһ㣬Ȼˣپ᣺ʲô
ЦЦóƺƱž̳װƽƺ˵һưǷֱʱҲǺ˵ˣˣҪȾ𣿡
ƣһⱭƣ߰ɡ
²ĵһʱϣȴôһĲġ
Ϊ˰ɡѲ£룬ضΪҰɣֻ˳һ档
ʵܼҲͦ˵ģ뿪ʱ˵Ⱦƣ֪ƲлˡҲǼʮ󣬵ʱҶǸ̫̫ˣôƻʧ
􅱿ɬ˵ҲǸÿ̫̫
»ȥ˵Ϊ˻ѲԵӹܡ
ҲȫΪ˻䡣
ﾴһƣףѲ˳
ЦЦƱͷһ
􅱺һƣ緹ûԣͱǣűƵͳš
վ⣬˺ðβŻعߣ˴ԼСأһᣬڵ
􅱳ϳϻй绹һӵҪȥ


59 
й
¶, ҹ˾
Ĳѱ׽˼飬ҲȥʡЩ߶ŹΡټй, ֻоȼյϸ΢졣
ڿһ˵޹, ̧Ŵ˸ǷȻϲ, ͷ˲, װ, 磬Ͼͻˡ
⼸գ϶ҹ˳ȥٻ, ÿźһˣڰӣԹһ¡
ڹ, ˷óͷ, ԽֵĹԽ٣ǲ乬ĵؾûˡ
ͷй, ѹεȵҪϴͣ˼ΪҪãֻΪ˲Ӱˡ
ϵԽЩǰǵûȢޣֽպһ꣬ȻһΪĸĴܹ, ֪ǸҩУΪ£Ϊ˵Ҳ
Ѳһ·ǵģϽ׼пƵʥ֣˵ʲôʮ֮̾ҲܽǹϺȥˡ
ŮҲҪȻˣòŮˣϾԺֻûͷȥŮⲻ˼ӵСŮˮ飬ȫʮСɲ¶ǵ͡
Щ˴ƼˣһȥѲӵ̵λʮϴŸһʮС檡
ִ˸ǷСͽܵϱ̣ڵصȥɣҿء
ͱЪϢȥˣѰɵ룬ЩסͷӹܳԵ
ľô벻ǸأйҲûɫǰɣһҲᣬ˪ѵ¾ͺڣ
˴µİãһؿƿʵ⵹ҲѴ˳󣬻ϵǻԺĳűй˽飬û˸˵˽紫ˣﲻ֪
˵϶Ժ䵭ǻϰòͬɥĸϲԼ곤ĸŮӡ
Ѳ֮ǰϴ˽һǮԭ乬޿ߵһ£޿ߵԭ乬Ѿ˾סǰйӳӣϱڴ˴Ѱƺ׼ϣҪйӽӻȥ޿ߵС
ţǳ߹ȥ˯ɣ˯ȻˣôӦǰϵˣϴء
􅱳ûȥµڼ䣬ٰסĸԺسǵĵڶգҲĵסһźȫǻ䲻ʶģ±Ƴ
ⲻŸհȥʹ˹ţòңҪҪæ£ԮһԼĻ衣
յ裬ֽ𿪡
ɹƵĻϸ£һƮ˳
ʰһƬڱǼᡣ
Сֽ⻨˻ȥ׾ؽֽá
ϸպû͵ߵԺӵǽߣһǽ֮ĵطǻסůԼЦϣԼһݡ
լǰѾɨˣֱסͿˣûçײֱȥһ䣬ûѰ
ƽûֺùŮˣֻ֪ǰ򵥴ֱǲԵģѻĸˡŴӱķǰѧҹĻһ䣬􅱾óһ٣Ժࡶˡǽ
ѧʱΪӣǰˣѣףɬ
߻Ŵ»ʰһĶίʵۣ裬ĵھӿǸ֮
ȫֻûͦ˵ˣǸʲôҲƺе졣
裬طЪϢһ߲ͷһ߻ھڵ٣Ϳʼе㷳ˣôڵϵģ˲˯
룬˵ھӸհң磽˼֮飬죬ٹȥ˵һ졣
􅱶϶ӣһֱûȵʣĻźȥ˯ˣԼúܺãһܴиܵ飬ֳ棬ʱ֪ؽΪ֮жɣ
􅱳˯ȥΪ˻ߣͲμˣȻμˡ
ڳЦ
􅱵ʲôЦģﲻǻʵֻۣ􅱡һֺİŮ˱쾭塣
ͻȻ߽ÿµͻȻץסôǱסͷѸٵӵԼϣն۾Լ
ѹͷȫϸܵ亹
Ȼˣ􅱸ɴϴ˰ָ٣ӡãǻôá
Ҳȷʵˣѵġ
Ҳˣһ͵٣ôꡣ
˯ˣѣû˵ͷһͷȫһ࣬߳ȥĹС۪ںԺų͹ȭ׸һǽСͨ졢
䣬۪վңϺá
俪żɽŻ۪磬ȥڼ񣬿̽ʲôģôյڵ٣ĪʦҪôȥʣ˵ÿȥҪ٣ల¡
۪ǣȥھӵˣ˯ûһͣˣǿ˯þ
􅱱ӳΪơ
˼ȥûȷַ绨ѩµŮӣûѧɣ̫ίˡ
й֮˸ͼ
􅱶ԻϵûȤȴ뵽һӣ续һĻûֻġ
ʾͻ
һʱ
􅱿ֽĻ䣬ӣֲʹ
ҿ亹ҪˣҪ͹ȥƻᱻˡ
ˣˣӰɡ
һʱȥӲ
ȫעش񣬴òˣʱ䣬δʱüȥǳ˳ǰ·ٰլ
ԺкӱЦſ亢ӣġ
ֱӣǽͷ͵Ժӣֻ
ûǽͷˣţܿ׸رʫ
úãȫˡ
׸̵˵ǰڵۣʦֽұҲúܿģ
ЦѧõС׸ǲõ׵Ȱ
׸ŵ˵ܣ˵ҿԻ࣬ЩѧһϿΡ
ãõ˼׵ȣұȥòãϴβ˵ȥ
׸ϲش𣺡˵ˣҲҪѩ㡢һȥ
׸ԽԽزס¶һ𴲣ҵСȥ棬˵ȥҪڼ鿼ԡ
СѣԺ󲻴һˡ
׸ҫһȦ˵Ҫȥ
֪Ժ˼

֮ԭٰ֮гٰ
ͻȻԼ˵뷨ǰдûϲǹԼ
ɵˣôû뵽ء


60 
, һϴ
׸ѧõС˼׵ȣ˷ӵĿޣسŵ, һȥϡ
ʵһ, ׸ƽڷùӲ͵, ⼸һֱҡͷԵ, زῼòȫ˶ȥ, ˣ֡ƺȥ
ϴοڻʹ˵ģأĶʹı, ѡֿ־;ľһЩͨ׳ӣȴڴ
ôܲڴʹپٺÿ, ҲֻΪūվſ, ϰվô, ɵţΪʲôҪվţ
ⳡ󣬲һֵ˲٣ȥƼŮ
䲻ףһױ磬ɫؽױ׻ɫȹһɫ򵥴Բ, ϾάĹѸ裬ô̫ޡʵҲǲԣֻڹейϰˣЩҺ̵ѣòϰߡ
ֻζ˲Ŀ󣬷֬룬Ծ͵ȴҲ˲ĿǵȲʶ˲Ҫ࿴ۣп֪ļɾøȢ˸òϱ
Ůϯʮµĺͯ׸ǻԸŸͽǣ֬۶ǵ࣬Ҫ۪ȥйϯװӦòɣһɿڣһˡ
Ц뿪ıӰվۼڶĹϯ۪绤£ԸҲĵ¿
߻ûãһԷĸ߽ڨЩˣʮϡԿʱмɫȹŴŵĺĵȻҪۡ
һ䣬Ǽ׽Ƶģȣãɡ
΢΢һЦ·˺á
ŮҲʶ֬ˣ£䶼·ˡôʶأ·Ҳٰ֪ĹѸ֮ǰ
·̻֮ŮҲˣʮʱɷȥ޶ŮûǵΪ˸־޲ٳּҵĶ£׾֮ȷʵֻѼҵٳ
·ٰǮĹѸʵϣѾʮ꣬õէһƲҲ˵˼ˣЩǻģ˵⻰ʱȱּʣŵ˵˵ӽʿרᡢ˲ݲűҪԵࡣ
ȴ룬ֲƾʲô˿檣ŮȴҪһգ·ˣǮôʹôʹΪɷ檶ӹģȻϵ
䲻ʲôǼ٣ȴǶһݻʵ۸ķȷЧȻڹ˫޲ˣԸ壬񿵽࣬ˮÿ׼ˣҲḹۡ
һ·ˣ㲻룺⣬òɫһԲСɣ
ϲԣ·ȴǿ˼Ƶģĸ˵ãؿҪúÿˡ
Լе㶮װɲʲô
·˵˰
·ס֣Ҽ˵ǸˣӲҡҶǹѸ㶮ңҲ㣬ᣬûòѵ׼ػѲɣ
̾ˣҲػѣֻҪڻ֮У˿ɲǺ˼𣿰ˣˡ
ֻί£ǰиģ˵Ӳ˷ܲú˼ҡ
·˱˵ֻʲô򣿡
·˵Ӵ˵ȴҲûľ鲻Խؿ􅱴ñ
Ҳ֪ǲǱ·˹񫣬ǰڹͷ꣬ĴΪҪ治첻Ҫ˵ϲɣԽԽҪ
Ҳû˵˼·ˡ
͹ʵЩ£һҸŮɲļҵģߵϵˡ
̡̣̣̲סеĶ룬ǴӦ􅱲ұãֻ˵׼ˣΥԣŹ˼£ٰ
Ҫôлᣬܼ􅱣˵һ䣬Ҳˡ
·Ƴ⶯һЦֱĪ£һ졣
ʱһȻѡֿʼ볡ˡ
¥ϳƵģʼݵص϶ˣЩ秵ݲӣ˵дʫҲֻпܱǵȻдʫĸƭˡǶģضܶ˵ٺҲʵݵġ
˵Ļ᲻࣬ǵһμɣǧš
֪ǲǱ·˹񫣬ֻСû£ǰҲͦмֻ֪ǷǸõأ
ȴ·˵ףٰһ㿡εӣ
ޣ㲻ѭȥ
ŷ볡ѡȫಲ¶׳ӣɹڣϲͣ
һ߾ѩߵס۾ǵ۪ЦҲ˼Ҫװ󣬱ЦСá
ʲô˼ģɺÿˣ쿴쿴
㲻Ҳûп
ҿѽûп
ûЦǣЦ
˶ɵˡ
仹ΪԼǿˣ۾۾ٿȷ˶Ｗһ􅱡
ϵĲ΢㣬һɫĶӰϣɻһ֪ΪʲôΪǴһܳ˵ĵ̣Ϊһغ
̫ˡ̫ˡ
ĿɿڴȫȻ֪Ҫô·˵Ļ
·ΪǿӿֱۣЦˣḻĳȰ˵ôãǸˣȷʵһźҲ㲻ЩƤҲ̫˵㡣úþͱȥ
䣺
·˵ȻϸţƳΡ˵ܴƳǮΡǺãҲһԡ
䣺
һֱ􅱣Ҳ˵􅱽֮һֱΣˣ֪ģЩ룬²ɣһ룬;еͷë
ûһʶص⣬ּ
􅱵ʲôûһ֮ͳˣװױôŮƼӣ֪ڶƷͷ㣬ôСӰǲҪô࣬Ҳй¶̣Ҳ֪ûлڱ
ʱڲڿԼأ̧ͷ䡣
类ץ΢ͨ졣
һҶʲô飬ǵֱӲܲ˵ع˵һԽĻ
·Цһص˱ض˵ǮëԼƶӸǮͺˣ˱򷢵㲻ʲô¡
ֹںڣ˻ȥ
˵㲻ʲô£¡
ʶˣʵЩˡ


61 
͵͵, ΪⰲٰλϵóĹԱȷ˻䣬ϲԼ
ڴ˵, ʱ, ˿ֻ̣, ǻʵۡ
һ, Ҳ̹Ȼ
, Ҫ»ǿ볡˲֪ģԼҲһ̫ˣ˶, ѣʲôֻҲһ·
ϵİ̫ˣòס, һڡ
», ֱ˶ԼڼɫǰҲ, ڹǣˣһŮڣǺЩӱȫǸС
􅱻ƺ͵͵ЦǵΪơǴ³ಲҲ֪ߡƼĨͣĨԺ, Ե˸⽡ǿ׳֮ĵøСˣ־˲󣬽Ҳ˲͹ϸͿһ㡣
Ҫˣ􅱻е߲ȥⲻӡ뵽ĿͺģԾηη밺ͦص߳ȥûܹһӢˡ
􅱸һǳʮ
׿ݣ􅱵ƤҲǻСӣĶû˵ױΪʵúãŻȵһ֮µҹ
СǷ׷۾һ˭ҵĶɣ·ˣǱһȺç֮з·һֻ׺׻ںѼڲͬоŮֲŹŮҪֺ˹ӵŮӱԸԺһЩ볡һ·ͱʻһ·
ӻ￴ȥ仨ƵģŻȻ򣺡˵ſôô˿ʻʮǮһúܺãԭΪ
۪ԣźصô֪ҲȥˣʲôǮÿ
ѩЦСﻨ֦ҲЦһţûǸ􅱣۪е죬Ǽǲѩ̫ˣϸȥƣҲѹû롣ֻ·Ļϣϡǵˣ·һѣϵóǰùúͻϵķ¶Ҫѩźġӡûôǿ׳ָݡ
Ҳȥѩ䣬ѩӦûϳûϳõģȻжΡ
Ǳߣ·˶Ů֣Ůһӵʻ˻ѻǿǸӣû㣬ҡ
˵ţ·˾ȡһ֦׼ʱ􅱵ͷҡ
Ȼó仨ܿġ
ʱ֡ͷ֮УǲˣǵйҹҹŮܵ£Ůһܲζ
þã􅱱ҸͣʹҲ˻֣һ仨ĵ
һֱ۽עߵĶⷽŰѻ􅱱ת˹ûȥĻǶ仨ļ̧̣̣ⷢⷢͷңңؿһۡ
һʱûüŲ۾࣬
룬û˵ٻιԼֻɣԲ㲻Ҫ
޴仨·ˣûӣҲ֪ð仨ģǻĻ̫ˡ
ǵûϴθͻʲôʱⱲӻû͹
􅱲⻨ڵմ࣬ҲһŪˡ
ߵһ˼ΣҲ̧ͷٰ֪Ѹ·ˣȻ͵͵һģȻһġ
􅱣
룬תͷһߣ׸ֻСƵģ׵صأ׸߻Ǹ۪硣
􅱳ʱ򣬸Ͻ߹ȥѻٵ׸˵͸ҵģúãȱҪ
׸ֻŻСǺ죬Ҳûȥˡ
۪簴಻ס棬ǸӺ﾿ʲôϵ𣿡
׸ضϵĻüͷҡҡͷ
֪ʲô˵ʲô˵һû˵ͬҪ˵Ļҧأһֶ˵ǡ롰ǡҲԻشΪܡ
ںȥʸô졣
׸ʼˡ
ƺвǿ׳ʵģļʵʵģʹǻԺҲûлķϣÿ춼Ҫһʱһȭǿ壬ÿվҪСʱǹ
ʵǸӹǵӲãĿס
վͷ˿䣬һгģ
鲻Խصһ䣺Ҫ
һ˲䣬·Ҳȴ˵ݣ􅱲ǻʵۣҲǰйֻ֮伫ѰһŮʹȸһʾż
·Լ􅱣ЦһЦʲôҪģ㵱СȻҪŬֺ㡣
Ų֪˵ʲôźã֪Ļô⻰
Ȳ˳һ㣬һһĿȥ԰֣һ㣬شȺ֮У·մ
˶ǱȳģǰڹӼĶǴȨſ􅱵ļ֣Ҳûбÿӣɵ䣬Щʹһһȣˡ
ڳϷҲˬ죬ſֽţЩֲԲù
ڷһԡ
䲻ϣסĻʵۣƵĵ􅱣ȴȻĶ
֪ģ꣬䣬˵ǲҲܵʵۣ
˵Ҳǻӣ뵱Ȼʸ񡣡
􅱼ĬƬ̣û˿ҡ
żŭ⣬ҪɸֵĲֲֵܣ˲㣬ԼҲԼˣҾ㻹Ǳȥλ
ס֣㿴ҲܱˣֻҪ㿴ңҾ͸ȥһ
ȴֱ׳˵Ҳ㣬Ȩƣʲôλ
˵˵ȼһŻң㣬˭û֮ڿڣ˭֪˴˲䡣
ȲҪֱһ㣬ڵúܡ
߲ȫϡ
􅱽һѹԵĲõʤ
Ӯ췽ʮӵĽżͣȥ䣬ʱˡ
һ꣬û˵ϴ·һ磬ɿܵ˻¥£䤱ĿƣӣСС뽫Ӯʮ͸㣬㡢һ棬㲻Ҫ¿ɺá
˵꣬ûưȥתܡ
ҪҲǣҪҲǡ
ѩҲϳǻˣˣסԼͣ㲻Ҿ
ɽһװӵĲĿȥѾƲ􅱵ӰˣҲ֪ȥ
ֱķңʴӡ
ЩˣЦǳİҾò飬⣬ˣҾʱٿǮˡ
ƵĶӡ
ôһ¶
Իͷݡ
Ȱպã룬´μ􅱾ͻ
׸һ仨üػһҸ􅱵һ䣬׸˵˵ãûȵ仨Ҫ𣿡
Ӻͻ˻ȥ
·ϻһȥ¥Է˵ϽҪƣзɣ
ǼҼҪ
ûҪھţǵôһ仨ڡҲһ綪ô졣
ص㡣
Ҫӡ˭ûüûûܰӻȥһ㡣򿪿㣬ױд˵ٰѶգ뿪֮ǰɷټһ档


62 
غܿ뿪, һ棬ͼɡ􅱲ڽϴ̫ãǸûؾ, һʱ¼尾, Ҳ֪˵ڴġ
ϲһˮ𣬰, , ֻҪһ, ˵
ɸôأû˵طҲû˵ʱġ
׸Ǹŵ˻ʲôȥп𣿡
׸ͷ˵ȥǸڼˡ
䣺
üԼʶʲôһ, ߵСԺ̧ͷһ۸ԺӵǽͷȻӺȥ, λհδıھӵļš
þǸղ˻, ˵ίʵŹ, ÿţҹ˲ŻҲ֪ЩʲôźҲĵģӲ˵
ľŴ򿪡
˶һ񣬵ضҰкιɣ
ǰûŹʱһΪֹ˵, һˣй̹˵ģ⹬͸е˲һɻðͷأڵҰɣȥһܲȥݼ
˲棬ȥֻأվſڵȴȥ
ôȴһʱ䣬ͷƹͷԽԽǻƣԽԽա
һյ軹ûõĹ􅱱ظϹˣʪģͷûɣڼϣֻһ䳤ۣľ죬߽
ĽŲңڻϣҲžĻ
һֻ˺Ĵһһ·ߣСܣææرǰ·һͻһʹ֪ᣬľǿƲסؼС
ǸͷһǰãȻ޴䣬ô
ضҲ֪˵ʲôá֮̾˿˿£Ȼȹӣżʱ뻢֮Уǰ􅱱Ƶ˵˶ӣŹ˵ɡ
ʲô􅱾ʹʲô
ʲôʱᵽģ
ǰ
ٵ𣿡
ҡ㲻ҳҾͲˡ
סĸԺӣҹȥ
ϴ裬ˮϴһ룬ɫáһ˵ҪȥԺӣ뵽䣬뵽뵽뵽뵽飬鲻Խ
Żŵ룺ҷϴϴɾ𣿻಻Ը׽ô죿֪Ҿǰӷ˵ļһ˵仰һ̣Ҳܱϴøɾ
ߵԺӣͿ˼ǽߵӡ

ָָӣʲô
һ⣬ԥһ£Ŵӡ
һɻֱţͻȻ֮䣬Ǵ˿̵ȫûлʵ۵ļӣҲ􅱵ǻʵۣѹҧгݵôô겻ɢأ
􅱱˫סȴ·һض֮УһȼȻҸȼ̻ڵȼ
һ
ͲܷŹӹ̫ǲǣ
Ұӻû죬Ҫϡ
뿴ʲôأ˵̲סңҲˣȻ֪һҸԺˡ
治ʲôˣ㵱ΪʲôҪߣҪߣΪʲôҪšһϲ𣿡
˵˵ţ俴􅱵ۿˣôһ˲䣬Լ̣ͷǲҲٶ࿴ˡ
䣺䡣
ȥ˦֣Ӳزȥҡ䡯Ҳס䡯ֲҵıҽ£䡯ūȡ֣һֻè֣˵֡
􅱹ִ׷ס󣬾䡯ҸҵİŮȡİƣū澣ǰè
͵̧ͷۿ֪غˡ
ʮвڳĬƽ֮µĲƽҲѹסڴʱ˿ھҵرū澣ǰҵū澡
ԭΪǻʹ֮Ψһһҵ˵ˣǲǣҲŪңҡǻ֮󡭡ȨյʱͱˡҲˣһֱֻ㲻ˡ
㻹ʱʱƵҹҾһŮӡ
Ǹ߸ϵУֻǸũŮӣ䲻㡣
ҪҵӣֱҪˣڻķϺڰ乬ýϡʱҲڣÿζҵԸǻԺ䱾ҵ¥Ůһ㣬Ҫô಻֪ܵ顣ʹҶй֣ҲŹҡ
ʵ۱£ҵӣһùţҪ㻶ãһʹԸԸ⣿
ÿһ仰˺˳αװļ
ǣʮϾ֪Լĳǻʺ󣬻ʺãȴδϣΪֻһС£Ϊ΢ҷңʲôң
ڹй꣬꣬ÿһÿһҹĺʡ
ЩͷɬԲ𡭡Բұϡ
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ҲǸöһƭ빬ǰҸ˵һ·ϣһƣȫƭġҲ˵̫ˣڣֲߣҾһϣٲ
ֻҪͲٲĶ
Ǳء
ο࣬οࡣαأαء
Լ˵ۼŻҪϨˣļ٣һһļϣ􅱿ɬصЩ£Һγֻ
һ˵ŭֱֲڣؼѵΪǶŹŮôǣֻң縡Ƽ޿ôұôң𣿡
˵ң䡣
޷⣬ڸͱ˵γǰԼ˿˺ѿѪʹ˵ƲҡΪǻȻֻǸˣȴߣȻԸ㵱ūţΪţҲá
􅱼ĬΣũŮӣ˵˭˵ǰأ
øۣ˵ûɱؽǾ޹⣬·ֱһһ
ûü􅱺˵һǰ㡣
ˣˣ㲻ҪˣҲŷ֣Ҿǰ㡣ΥĺڣҪҵ롣
⼸ǵ¡
˵Ʋ㣬Ҳ磬ǰȷƲ㡣ҲֹƲ㣬һƲԼ


63 
ҲֹƲ, һƲԼ
ͷһƱһ£̧ͷ, ɲ
һ, ˵ԺǺȻһ, ɢ, һֹƽ
Ѿ̴, ֻǣû˵Ļǳ׵׵ؽԼȫ¶ڻǰǰԼûֵ, 뵶һ𣬵ݵС
ƽ˵ǰܾ䲻ңҲ, ǹŮ, ǻӣĸĸʵԼһŮû, ΪҲᣬΪֻ̰ɫ
ұ޳ܣҲûдΪĸͣĸͣҪҵͷѵ̫ӵһһֱҵͷһ̡
촽࿣˵ʲôȴ֪˵ʲôĹ, ˭
΢΢ͷƽӣ˵ȥһԵø£źҿȥǱˡ
һֱҳԼһũҵŮӡ
ʱ֪ԼС¡İɣ֪ˣļҲ顣
Ҿҳһ߹֤Ҳ
ֱڣҲŸҳϣֻǰ㣬ˣݼ޹أֻǰˡ
䣬䣬ȡֵʱ治ΪūͣһЩ֪ܣ뽫㴧ڻУڣֻΪУָˡ
􅱲֪ʱס֣Ḷ́һʱ֮Ҳֲͷζ
Ⱥ􅱶Ϊʲô⣬Ȼܽܡ
˵ͷǸ͵ý
ͻȻúãȻģһ˲ƺʧˡ
􅱳ϸףϵǸˣ􅱳˰
˽􅱵ˣȨѬģʲô潻Ҳ䲻ˣǰڹֺüλֳҲװɹԵܵܵģǸˡ
Ҳͼ
ͷͼʲôأ
˼룬һʱԴɣ벻ΪʲôҲ𲻳֪ýĵǸǲӡ
֪˶ãſ˿ڣ࣬˵˵ʲôأ
Ѿ˹µӹڹúܺá
˵ףĿԣԭ㣬Ҳܡ˵ЩȥĺҲزˡʵúܺãҾǲĺӣʱ֣Ҫýɽңصޡ
˵꣬һ־þģ־óʵ
þ֮ĻʵۣΪᡣ
􅱴ӻóһ㣬ȾѪ俴ǲֻԺУԱֻƣƹ谵
ͷǡǡաֱѪȾ죬һʱ䣬ӿͷ􅱱ͼֵҲΪԼҪر􅱵һݶ顣
Ǿʲôϵ˵ǰûô⣬δҪȫȫиϣ˵ǺޣҲûôĳԹǶٻøһЩͺˣӱģҪǸҪ谮
ǲҲȫȫ֮ѡ
ǾڻʹĽ޺Ͳʶֲ״ªĹʹûһ˿¶ҲȻ˱˴֮󣬷ܶһ˿һ𣬹ͬҰ޾صط񳤴
ֻŮ֮𣿻鸴ӡ
ʣɼǵһڱ߳ʱһѣˣҵʱ㣬Ҫ㣬ҲŻ̫ųΪҵϻʵۣͱü᲻ɴݣǵģǰһǸ˿۵߻ӣҲҵ㡣
֣һĶͷС¾ŵһֻͣפָĺ仹Ҫǵʱ򣬱
еܣֵǸ̫ˡ㶼˵ˣҪûõͲ㡣
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˵û̫ˡһжҾȡܣǲԭңͲԭ°ɡ
һգҲʵֻۣǵ㣬ȵڡ
벻㡣
˵꣬һԭأǰȨϡ
֪Լˣ֮з·ʲôסĽţȻû취ŲŲȫ˲ֲȥ􅱣һͻ᲻
̫ˣһʵôӷΣúһ
۾룬
ԺӴǵ
ùأ׸ղŹùòǻд𣿡
ȥˣʱŹȥŵˡ
ΪǸǸ𣿺ùøô찡ùøòֱӱץ˰ɣôѽϽȥҰɡ
ﱻץȥ
ŻعĻ֮£һƬհףȻʩһ˲žòԣ¶ɰͰ͵˵ǡһȥˡ
תߣνʱǲ̶һ߳􅱸ĽŲŲΪľ죬Ѳ
䷳ػͷһۣˣʲô
۰Ͱ͵˵죬һҾ޷µͤӵ㡣
ͷͷص֪ˣˣôôˡ
􅱲ٸͣͱʱ䣬˵ҵ㡣
ͷҲأңңҲһȥҪҡ
֪˵ֻѣǶ㣬ҪһȥҲǺܿġ
ûӻûû˵ģ˵仰ܹϣǸϽ˰ɡ
ûͣŲҴҵػصҡ
׸Ҫȥӭײϣˤһӣ׸æǸԲô⣬ڻˡ
׸˵һǿʱֱǸ˱ץء
˵ţ£ѩ㣬ˣˡ
£˼ƻ׸һѿڶôô죬۾Ҳú죬ôˣ۸𣿡
ҡҡͷû£û¡
ѩҲϹùãû°ɣ
ǿ񣬶ԺЦһЦû£ǲõҡʱ磬ЪϢɣҲ˯ˡ
ϴ˰£۾Ҫ˯
Ҳ˯ˣһҹշת࣬һ뵽􅱾һǽ֮ķ;ú֡һۣͷȫǸ߰Ĺкõģлġ
컹δ
Ժϸ΢Ķǳꤵ뿪ˡ
􅱣􅱳ȥˡ
ŴʶӣСʱױȥ􅱡


64 
޷ڸǵı, Ҳðʱ
􅱴컹δͿʼȣһֱȵңӰ, շòƽʱ, ƽʱûḵ۷ֵۡر, ȴֻһ, ˺, һȹ􅱣泯죬ݶ
һļ, 鲻Խǣⷢ䡣
ȹӡаɫС黨ȹʰ׶, Ų, 뵽Űʱĳɽ±ʯеҰ, ǿ
ĲϣΪȾ׵ãҲƽ磬ϴҲ£ֻǲüһЩڻһЩ˵˼ĺãһҲʲ
·Ҳһԡ绳һ, 􅱾֪ˣ˷ɸ봩䴩ʲôȹӣȥѰһͬɫĹ
仹ûͤӣ첽ǰȥӭڵ˵䣬ɣǴͬɫѡ
˵ߵϣʮа˸£ʲôϡġ
ֻɵЦɵ뷢ƢҲֻǰֱ˵ϲǸ꣬ǸԼʡţѣҪкӡ
Χôֻӣ
˵꣬ջҲģϲô綼
ƫҪû˵ʲôҶʮˣѾˣҪ˵Ϲ
ͷۣôҲҪ
ǳըҩƵģ˵ҹģǲãұǸãСʱڴиͷͺܺˣʱܣܵͷɢҾһУ䲻һе
􅱱һͨһķԱ˵סˣ˵һŻع̿
ǷˡͷģҲ֪Լô͹ܲסԼĽţȻͰ͵عˡ
ҳѱˣԼ͵͵𴲣Ҹôʲôѣ˺ü⣬ȥκУûһǾôȥ􅱲ֻ̫ˣֻǾû塣
Դ˵ĴֲȹӣƽֻµظɻŻᴩŪŪҲۣһ֧һ֧ժ̺õķɢ˱ӡ
ĵһ֮飬ɴȥ􅱺ˣʲôװΣ
ԭԭ
􅱼վǣϲЦñðգҵÿĴáˣſģֻ􅱣ֻɣô࣬һա
˵գ˷ӣģضԻʩһ˵СĽãտɷҸӰΣ
ĬΣ˵ֻǡֻûش£㡣
Ҳƣ˽⣬ĺ˵Զ¡
˵ãһȥ߰ɣ߱˵
ĬĬظ˹ȥ
һ·òڡ
ǰ治ԣں治ԣߣҲòãŲ˿죬ǲˡ
ͷɢȥ촽Ĺĵģ􅱵װ˼Σûյ֡
ںߣĿȥֻ¨Ϻ񱴵ũ
􅱼ǷɫڣԼʲôǰһũ˼ңҺӳæ˴ңɹɷⶥҡ
һ죬һԲ̨˭ӣ
ֻ˵ǰҵӣǺˡ
Ŀתض˵۾գһ£ֱ߯׳Ҵûӹ
Ƕ䱻סˣװûֱũ˵˼ңллһǮӸɡ
ũһͷˮҲ֪ʲôϵ˭ܸǮȥأæӦá
ü룬ɵģһǮһңʮˣ􅱡ֲǻǮ􅱳Կ˵úܡ
ӣʱסˣӣֿóڨڨ˵ҡҳǮˡ
ȣȴЦˡ
ӣ䣬һǮӰɣҸջ㡣
գգÿζ˵գûиˣվһա
̾Ŀ˵ȻߵʱҾ˰Ǯ㸮ȥ
仹ǾܾС˵裬һһǮӣҲóǴү̫ˣҲŲ򡣡
ڣֻö˼˵ö㻻вУ
ڱϿЦһҪԿˡȫ£ֹûǮҲûֵǮӣεضԻ˵Ҳû˼ңܲȰⶥҸңסģҽǮȥ
һǮûУ־鸴ӡ
ũ˳ȥֱ̾Ӱոµභժݸ􅱣ˣλӣⶥҾɡĴҲǸԣ˼ңôһſھҪһǮˣҲѹҪѵ㣬ҼҸôܼң糭ߦȴ
􅱾ϲѣƤллˡ
ôҪ˼Ҷ
ѰѶͷϴЩˣһᣬÿ
ũҲ˵ӣɾһƬģ°ɣһңֵüǮ
ģûôҪ˼Ǯⶥҡ
Ȼתˣ􅱿첽׷˵ôǮ
ֱֿӵ˵˵˽ֻɣҪ㣬ϲһ˯ţֻ㣬ʲô˴ûǮҲûж
䣬ڵʲôûУǸûõˡ
ǸǿǿˡʹŽɣ􅱶װңǲЩҡԸǰ˵䲻ϣ⻹⣬һڶ̬ʲôûֻ˶İ
ļɬ־ԼǻͷŻ􅱿ʲôĻӣǻʥĵǸҲùǧͨˡ
û˵Ǻûá
ȴ̬ȱǰ࣬΢΢ǣ̵ĺ̲ߣ˳໺ƳԵɤﶨ˵ұɣһһεرÿÿ˵㻰
ʵҲܱ֤Ժ㡣
ȷʵһֱڻ㣬û뵽􅱾Ȼ޳ܵ˵ŭزĿӣȻһʱ䲻֪ô
仹ûüڣ􅱷·ޱ̹ϵ˵䣬ߣҲ㡣֪Ҽֻ̣һٶ鲻ѡ
˵꣬􅱷·ڳЦԼƵЦһ˵ҿ̲ס㣬Ҳ£ٰôԶⱲӻϼأ
ŵߵĻͱ˻ȥؿһ̻ŭһֱ᲻ַŲȥҲ֪Լʲôֻǲꡣ
룬˵㻹ϰɣһ˲ƣŵǻ꣬Ŵ˼ͭӶȲҪ԰һ˼Ҳ֪ǻʵ𣿡
ӣڨڨصѰŮѵûΪǧϣֻΪһ棬Ǻܶ𣿡
䲻ŵһۣҡҡͷˣʷһһǻ
룬˵ֻǴҪѲ˳Ҷѡ˶鰮Ȩ֮ǰԵĶǴҪġ
СҲڿ˵ңҪȢΪޣһ仰ͷϵ˽Բˡ
ö˶˵ģЩʿ
뵽ǸɼҵСɾ̲סؾְΪˣŻģȥΪĹ
䳤˿ƽؼ˵
ȵ۲йλݵ΢ߣʱʶĹŮĽǡ
ǰиҪõĽ㻹ǵ˵ֻܻһҲã˵ԸӺնҲҵعһӡһֻһոȴùһӡȥɵ¡ҪѰסġ
ҲС˸־ֻøһ㡣
ȵ۰ɷǼˣĸأתͷͱˡ
żر˵Ҵû¹㡭
䲻ÿɷ񣺡룬ӣҲȨƶ鰮Ȩܻ´ʳԣסУʹ˾η鰮ܡһֻз绨ѩ¡Ů鳤ҲƲ
ǻʵۣʵ۾͸ˡ
ͣ½Ųվںߣͷԭǲ֪ߵǳ̲ˮʪЬӺȹǡ
ϸɳϵˮת˲٣˵ʮ꣬ʺҪָף㲻Ը⣬䲻㡣
ֻô̶Ҳҡ֪ûдк֮־Ҫһݸ߹ӣȻ㣬Ҳ
ûм磬ң㣬ǹŮǻӡҲվһΪ㿼ǡǸˣҲû֪֮ĸԸصů齵Ķ
􅱺۾ʵ˵ƽоͺˣһȢΪޣһһһ˫ˡ
ļҲᣬЦЦҪΪһʼ㲻꣬Ȳ̸ֺ꣬鰮£˵Цˡ
Ծʧ̬һŻǿƵġ
伫ܲ˱Ŀתضסʮöʮ޶ԣڻУֲġ
ֻǸˣĽɫ֮ģãϡ
􅱵սɿɿսƱ΢䣬ϲ𣿡
סӣٻذͦøֱ􅱡
˶û˵߷󣬻˵ھͱ类ɢȥ
ʵǶףһ£һ£ֻҪһֱϣͻ˻ûʧ
ã޵ʹ˵ʱɵϲ㣬ͳңˣڴˡ
۱紵죬ʣҲӣҲǹŮǱһˣǲǣ
ûϷֻĬҡͷҲҪҲ뵽±ӻҪǵ¡
أ
ֿʼĽ٣ŮʲôûУվǣһ񣬰仰ǣеϲŭ֡
ĻǼ٣Ҳ棬ƿ֣ȴⲻֱǣߣǰܲΪʲô䱻ˣˡ
ΪʲôΪϲ
ǾⱲӰɡ􅱺Ȼ˵һֱֹȴڴʱƲסһס󣬡Ⱳӣź
䣬ǳװɡ
̧ͷɻؿ
һǳףֻߣֻ£ȢΪޡ


65 
ȢΪޡ
􅱵Ļںת˲š
ס
û, Ҳûվԭű˴ˣ۾һգգ, ҪϿм鼸ּ, ԵҪֱ􅱵Ŀڡ
ȴǴһ, ޺ۼ
һ, ˵㾢, Ҫ˦֣£Цˡ
􅱲֣ûпЦ, ҳװɡ
Ц
˵ҳףҾ͵øжµشӦǲǻӦúңѾ׿ϴ, Ҳôʶࣿ
˫, һ뵱ӡΪֻΪӲŷ޷޲ƽ𣿡
, ϲ㣬㳤Ӣּģشᣬ¶ŮӶ㶯ģҲһ
Ҫף㽫Ļʺȥҡʲôʲô
􅱱˵ǲһ
δ˵꣬ȴ˵ôһ㽫Ķ, ѵҾͻ𣿻ӦΪմմϲ
׹ඥվԭء
תƾؿڵһɾ¿Ƶһǰߣ􅱽ŲҴҵظϣ䣬˵ǡ
Ҳãòԣ˵òԣ˵ˡ
䣬ȵҡ
һǰߣһںͷ׷˼䣬ʣֻĬĬظںͷ
ֻƤƵģô򶼴ߣװȳ˵ʳ֮ζֿ֮ϧ
һ·һЩվסͷ˵źӦøòԶɣЬȹʪˣûģһµİɡ
􅱷Ż㷲Լƻʧܣûϵµ˵
˵ҸջǮ
æҪǮ
Ҳƽ⼸ļֵǮ䵭˵ãȥ¥Է͵Ϊ㽤ˡΪҽһΣҲΪ㽤һΣǳƽˡ
ߣг·ԣԵƬ̣ʻһϱһ׹еȹ׵ͷ棬ڳ·Բϴһ£¡
Ҳǹ·ģҶ׼һûֻһֱûҵͣû뵽ȻóпԼδѡ
任֮ǲΣԵ֣ǻǴˡ±ˣҪһƵĽΣֵкլгӵ澡
ʣҪȥĳԷ
˵һٰľ¥ݳǰһе͵ʱ˵ֻͨڱխĽ􅱶ᵽϵܰ㣬⶯
ɵػζߢӣڣֻҪһаһ仰ܵõ壬Ľ˿УⲢѡ
ѪûĸԸͣģþõΪ磽į
ǺѣѾˣһףӲʩΪȵֶΰˣһŮӵĻ¸ѵõ
ǿסҪĳ嶯鲻Խ𽵹¡
һûзйԽԽȣеס̶òûԸ˯
֮֮ȥҲãɻǲ绳ԼԸ˯һΣ;ǿԵûǵӵ˲ǿġ
̫˽ˣϾǰԴźе㶯ʹ֪ʲô΢ңַϣ֪ɫ߶ɫˡ
һ·ϱװɲ֪􅱻ô􅱼ǼⶼðϸСĺ飬°ԾúЦ
ǰڵˣæʱϯҲʱ뵽ҲȹڣҪ³
һ³ȥ
Ƕһûӵּ߳ûȥվñ􅱸һ㣬Ѷҿ􅱵ͷϣû˵һɣ¡
һ˾¥˿һ»Яһ´ֱɵӢˣȴвĸͣҲʶ䣬֪ǸԼŮĹѸôôԾ̫ˡ
¥ƹܲһɳ˫ļǮҪôɴѪ¥һϾʵ۳Էܿ뷨ʦڷ˶Ŀ
ƹίؾܾѾûпе᷿ˡ
ҪôһңȴһϤⲻ𣿡
ͷѭȥ˿¥·ˣʱм־ȣ·Ŀ棬һ۾Ƽڲ􅱣תԻ¶һ΢Цãϻ㻹ĵ֣͵͵Ϻ˰
ͷƤ飬Ҫ⣬ֲ֪Ӻα촽࿣һʱסˡ
·ƹ˵Ļкҵİᣬҵİɿգλãˡ
䲻̫һᣬָҪᣬֲˣСģ˼ξܾӦ
һûĿһ􅱣􅱲۲
ˣֻøһ˰ᡣ
һ䣬С֣Ǳ̵һѸٵ˻ѹûʣ治㲻ʶҲҴӦͬԷΣգ
һ𣬲𣿡􅱵
±˵лл㣬ǽ˰ɡ
·˲УУҪõĴӣף»͡
ûŻѪҪ˵􅱲»̵˵ллλˡ
ʮָмãһʱ꣬ΧϻʹԲ˲飬֪ŮҲǸ̵ĹѸڱؾӪ꣬էһȴǲɡ
ʱʰһ
ûڣԶڣԼԣȳһڣû⣬ټи􅱡
Ĳź
·Ҳһӣ֮ǰûɼ֮Ļ֪ضг衣
ͬ·һֱţǸӶСؼвιʳ
·˻ûСŹ֣üҲû¿ӣֱϲ˵ãҲ̫û˰ɣŻҪź
֪ãŨʱ򣬴ǰķģϰˡֲ๫ֻǸĶѣô
Ҫе֪֮ǳӲԵĵ
Ŀ࣬Ŀһ􅱵𣬺·˵Դæס􅱵֡
ɫãӲص˵ͷλ˵ǡ
·˵±ãźӣòҪǮǱˡ


66 
·ָ, 􅱻ģظ
Իһ£Լ􅱵ݣһ, ؾľ, Ҳ̹Ȼˡ룬Լٵ, ʱʱûʵ۸, ҲȤ
Ⱳӻûź, е㲻ϰߣǲǣڹܳʱҲûԼһˮ
һƳĺ, Ƽ䶼ˣģȴ, Ůĺ, ٻܴ, ȴ䡣
Ů˰Ůˡ
ʵʵطһٷ䲻֪ضһ룬ƽʱ룬롣
·̾Ʋܳԡ
ͷ磬컹ޣȥõطһɿɿ죿
ԭ극ˣûϵ·˽, Ҫô˻􅱵
ţӦ롣
ȻҲһȥеصţؿܰ棬ϣֵ˵Ҫ·ȥ棬ˣҲûȥʵˣü졣
类һˮͷ£ģȴҪߡʲôأ׵شˣصؿһգڴһû˯
⣿
ɫ˲ʱתͷһۣҧгݵصӣҪȥ棬֪֪ܵȤڱź㲻ǣ
ǡź֣˵øء
·˵һã˴ϡ
䲻һ·кȥ·˵ĳ
·˴ѣӰǾǱߵʽǰƺֻ֪вģȻˣԴһЩ
ͻˣܿø
仹ΪҪ·Σ·ͻȻһתֱժûıǮΣ
㶣಻֪߳ܵ£ҲûԼ࣬ʣɲǼ͸񣬼Ѫһ㡣
ԭÕiұޣɱ񸧳Ʋ۾·ΣϧصǼһˣòһӶҲпġ
ֿһǡ
˼Ƭ̣˵һǮǲһġ
·ףҲǡ
·˻ع⣬˵֪㻹ûıǮˡ˵㲻ɣգͰ˹ˡҲ
г£ȴҲ̸飬Ǯɫˣ㲻øʫԵ˵Ͻ治ǡ
ΪԼҲʫЩŵĶ
̫ˣֻ˵Ҳӡ
ǱˣֻΪ·ߣҲˣǮ㡢ˡ
·ϵȴζˣãҶˣͶô˵һγЩһ˵ԼģƵɣͺãҪš
ԼƺҲϴ壬վˣĲг衣
ŵӣ˵䲻ǣߺҽܰɡ
·ԣźص뿪ӣȻǱǮС˵㣬Ҳֵһ˯ġ
࣬ίʵ˼̹Թ􅱵ıǮȻôͣ·ʶ죬Ȼ͸˯ˣ⡭֪߳ҲҪи޶Ȱɣ
ű㵽˵طһ˽լʣҪʲô
Щ·˴ȥʲôĵĵط룬Ҫ졣
ãƺֻǴֻʦῡˣԵҲСס
􅱸ţû֪ʲôطˡ
ǰиһԺӵף޹غŮȨƶѡ
􅱽Ż£Ƽһ׾˹ʮС΢ҪڣüֱӰ˵ľƺ˹ȥ˶Էչˣò㡣ȥɡ
΢õʵۼӳԷ֪ؾͱסˡ
·һʵ֮˵ûϵɱ˴ֹ֮ܣƺûע⵽ȻȻرˡ
˵жܣûжĥٯٯҪĻһԾٰüྴϷޡ
βѣԾСˣơ
һһ
С΢ʤֵƣյʣ𣿡
􅱱ľƱùԸˣ˵ֲʲôҾƣ̫ǳˡ
ѾƺƸȰɡ
Ҷϯϣȶ˾ƣҲ􅱶Цһ£ͲҺȶ˻ֱӰ𣿡
㶣ΪƣӲתùٻز􅱷ԸУܲڣʶҪŸɣջ˵ˡ
􅱷䣺ãģ˵ȾͲˡЩǣҪȥ֡
һߣ·ͻ˵ߥ˵ȻվҪˣٲ˯ɾûˡ
̫ˣɲܱסиö
˵ţȡһСƿ˵Ǵɢûõ˷֮󣬶۷Ҫ̫Ť͸
䲻ȥӡ
ӿС·˺ɸֵ˵ҩ۵˾ƺˣһΣҡȣֶ˵ΪΪʲôٳɺ£
Ҫ˵Ų􅱻ˣ·Լλס
Ͻƺ􅱼״Цôžƺǲ𣿡
ֻ÷Żȥװɴ򷭾ƺҪȴۼֿطסˣ˵ͷˡ
􅱸Լһơ
סľƱܺȡ
ʣΪʲôܺȰ
ֲýͣӲ˵ǲܺȡһµǶҩأйô꣬׵ضܽϵĿڣһˣ¶ٰնܿѣ
ֱӶƺˣҺؿڡ
ֻȥͷ·􅱸
վסŲͷʲô
Ƥش𣺡ӵг裬źӵġ
˭źˣҳȥû֪Ǻȶ˾ƣӿãʵؿ􅱣˳࣬ӷ̣˫ȷ
¯ɢһʱЩٶ۵طӦˣԺĴ㣬ҲϤһʱû뵽һִ㡣
ѹܡֵط㲢ֻ֣빬̫ã½Ȼ֪˵
ϣһһ߽ȥ
䲻ԥ̹ȥҪôûҩɣ
ѱס̫˽⻳ˣֻһ§ǰһ£ĻС
֣ǰ
􅱸ͷĶ䣬ҪҰɣһ̵òã


67 
ʱ, ͷԻЩȵ¯һ㣬ڻ, յĻš
˾, ǵ¡􅱲һȴһ, ϢΧ£, ֪ذС
ܻӭָ􅱹, 룬ʵҲǺģ􅱱Ĳ, ֻеȡ֮
ŵش􅱵Ļȥϵ·ʲݴϣͷҲ˲ϸ, 뿪
תû, ͱקסӣ۾, Żͷûؿ􅱣ģ㻹ҪҸǮɣ
ɫÿҪǻľ߻ӡǺۣҪΪֻ˼ĽɼĻþ
ǶڱʱΪͺˣȻͺһɣһѣҪӡ
􅱾е㱻ʼ֮С
ʱ֮ǰ, ˻һ԰£ĥͣڻĶһһ˵黰ˣȻҲôϣԾѰ֡
ˣˣָƵĶ
ڴߣֻһӣž׳קӲ֣Ϸ뿪ŭصҵʲô˯˾ߣ
˵Ұ㵱ʲôҵʲôҾͰ㵱ʲô
ſһ춼ȥˣķһգȥʵۣ
􅱾ǲ֣е߳ŭȲԸ⣬αشӦأ
룬˵˭֪㣬һС˵ѡҲ̫࣬ҲǵһΣûرҲ㸺Ҳ鷳
һһļΪ˴ã޽䱸ʱֱֱһ
漱ˣվʱȻһأԭǸӣͷ⣬ƫҪһ̣ʱԤҪ
§һʹ֣Ŀڡ
Ҳ̲ȥˣ˵㾿ѾʹҪ㻶ģʲô㣬㻹ɫ
ûҪôϸţװģҾһҪһ𣿡
ΪʲôҪԼ
Ϊǰϲ㡣
أ
ֺ֪αҪ˵ڣ
伹ֱվţ􅱸ȥһıҲܣֱ
ҧгݵ˵֪ʲôҪܶģҺڴˣȲϲңΪʲôҪӦһã
ֻ˵ѧģΪʲôܣϲһ£һ¡
治֪˵ʲôŮ˾ǿȥ˳ȥѭ浸أʵصˣʲô룬ʲô
ȴüͷԽԽʲôƵҧ´˺ðΣ˵ץˣſҡ
ʶڷſ֣Լ󶼱ץˣ־ۣԲûע⵽
䶶˶ӣֲؽȥû£ֻûϡ
£ұˡ
׷ߵſڣңҪ𣿡
􅱺վԭأǰԼҲַģҪʲôŮûУΪʲôҪϸűŮ
Ҵææػؼȥӭײ۪磬ΣϽװ¡ػݡ
Ͻϴ˸裬·Ҳֱȥˡ
ѩ䱻йʣùãȥ̸ʲôⰡôһûأ
ǰ䵹ţ˵ȥˡ
ѩɫһ䣬ϵĺۣ֪ùֱҧˣۿһ죺ôô۸㰡
ϽҲ۸˵²ñ֪Ͻȥҩһ
ѩͷ
ʱѩһҩС¯ںԺ͵͵ҩⰾҩҩζôأסģ۪ŵζѰô£˵ǻ񲻺ãĲҩ
ҩһʱŰãѩֶ˹żҲӿ࣬һںꡣ
ҩ࣬ȴࡣ
´βʲôƭˣҲϵˡ
Ҫ棬ǲɣˣһ˫˷־ûкþۺɢһ˵Ҫ˺Ƥֵܷøɸɾһض
ô붼Ĳίʵ˷ܾ꣬кУ䣬ҪݺĲˣȴȵ̻ؾϢ
ֲţ˵һ䲻ţ뿪ʱ˸մһܣɢѱ􅱲ṷǽֱӲװҪץߡ
ĪԼеĸоӵûԶ֣ܰץȥˡ
̵գͻʣҲ˯ֱ̫ȷˣ
􅱻ؾһࡣ
ʳ񣬹ˮ߰գЩõԤУȥҽݡ
Ϊϲӣϲˡ
ӹƺḁ̃ȣӦ̥


68 
յϢʱ䡣
ڻܴǶ, ϢǶһģȴغļҹ£һҪıǻ, ⽻һյһʱ
ǵ֪˻еϢ, ֮һȵĿϲ಻ס, ˵жֱ, ϵȥػȥ, ˶ˡ
û뵽Ȼˡ
仳ˡ
ĺӣ
ϲԽԭֽճȭһ
λ, 󹬻һǲ֪ﴫȥֲ, ֻǲЩŮѡ
, һⷽģ͢ҲûȰɺ, ǸϽ
һҲһϣ뻳УֻƳһˡ
Щ뷨ʵѻһߣҪλǣһû䵱Ԫ󣬶˷ԣó£Ǽ̺һСܶࡣ
􅱴һЩ, ϸϸ̽ѯʻϸΣʲôҩЩʱʲôʲôǵһֺ
֮̽ǰ͵ù􅱵⣬ﻹûʲôѾסȷһʧ˵кκεĲء
ʱҲΪ˸ϲ֮ѹϲǡ˲˵ͺӣǻ䱾أ
ʮĻ䣬ܻѺڵĻĥӲݶûܰƭֻܳ²ߡ
ʱţһܳãܣһԼϯˣû뵽ξȻˡ
Ψһµľǻ䲻Ҫӣ͵͵ˣһҲϣ˸ϽֱӴ
ǰֻûŮ뷨ͱ׵⣬Ůˡ
෴ϣӣǾĻʳӣҪ̧ʺҲ˳һЩ
~~~
ٰ
䱻Уûлţ棬͵͵ȥҲͬҽݵĴ򣬽һС
˭ĲԶ
ˣڹ꣬ʱȱû˯һأͻˡ
һؼҾһֻ⡣
ԽĥԽòԾұ֤ѩҩƺ֮ûб˶ֽţǴһҩһʼǲԵġ
ҽݵĴѧղץҩ
Ϊüҵµǲ©Բߣôк
һ뷨͵͵ºԼԼӡ
ǹһˣһҲ´ˡ
һ׾ӹѸͻȻӣôҲ˵ȥɣҪ͵͵ӣǾ͵ٰһμң˶ĿװŸҲԡ
룬⹬ǻϥгΨһĺȴĶ׵ǺЦ
仳˭Ҳûߣֻ֪Ը£˵θڲãԵ嵭ġ
ϣ±С㣬С㶹̰̰׵ǻһһ˺룬ȴ֪ľỵ̄ڣʵ̲ȥؿڲŻ˳
׸ϴܵߣôˣ
ǵץŻ֣ѨͺϹѨһǵҵģҼǵðһͲˡ
仺ЦЦ˵лл׸׸ԣҺöˡ
ѩùãȥɡ
ҡҡͷû¡
ѩǣһЩǰڹ̻ľϰߣһֱûĹùûϴƺе㺦ϲ֢״
ѩ䲻뵽һǰùñҧһΡһ㷲룬òǴ̥˰ɣ
治סһֱסˣѩеԼе¸
ѩ伱òɣô찡߻𣿿˹ŻˡдŸйתϡ
䰴ס赭дص˭˵Ҫ߻ˣ
ѩһû߻𣿡
û˵ĺӣ˭֤ĺӣ·ĲϿû˼ǹһʡ
ѩ䵽ǸСùںͻ϶ŸɰȻǵһ ˣĵŵǡǡ
ùһŮˣԼ˺ӣҲҪˣԼ͵͵ʵǾס
д㣬гصٰʱܴˣҵҸûʶҵĵطѺٻ
һжǻڣ􅱶˵滰ûмǰ֮¡
ſʼʰסĶûá

۪˵ңһˣԺӸΧסˡָ֣ǵ˭ˣ
ɫʱ˪
׸ŷǹԻ˵һȺſڣ˵Ҫ
۪ңʲô鷳£ж飬ҶỤӳȥ
ָߵ棬ҡͷشɱɱǼסģӲƴһˣзӵġ
~~~
Դ֪仳֮󣬱һֱܰġ
ʱӭͻĵڶӣ뵽ǵĵһԵ޷ֵĺȻúѹ
̲סȥ룬һ·ϳ˲ûѻֻûչ˺ḁ̃أӱͲãòײŻϡ
һûпţŻ̥ǸŮ˸ɵóģɱĻʳӣ͸ɱһ
􅱵ĵϳˡ
ȥѻץʵѲȥץ˵иˡ
ŲµҳΪô˳ӡ
͵ÿնŻд̫ã˵൱ϣûû֣һղһٰ񣬰ѼСĶˣûϣȻˡ
ʱ䣬ӦõسˣװУ͵͵ȥӻ䡣


69 
, ҲҶߵò죬˿һԺЪϢ
һ, ͼڴ», ·һֱԺӵŮƵİȻ
´Ų߹ȥ, ڻͼ, һԿһ, ʣڻʲô
Ͳˣػش𣺡ȺԺСѸ
􅱱Ķ컯ˡ
䲻ٴרĻ, ˣŸ±ʣȥ, Ҫһյʲ, 􅱣Ҫ𣿡
􅱵ͷҲҪһ롣
ڿߵõ, ʱڵʲ滹һ׺޵õ彴Сġ
ʳԣ޲С׳յʲ裬ԭģ⣬Ҳŷ, Ĵҵ룺Ȼиӣ˺͹˳ˡ
Աˣյţ˿ȥȻ񻣬СƽƽջȥԺҾȥҩץһȴУ㶯ֽ𣿡
㬵ط²յҺû䲻ȲʱʵģȻ˵ñǺȲϣҲûϣֻĬԴ
ף֪ˡ
ЩͷԣЩõԤУ֪ʲôˣ
˵ιںӵ¡Ȼöɲˣ˵
һ³˵
˵̫ҽ·ϸҰѹ˵ǸŮˡ˵ҲǸӡ
ǸŮжһһ޹ؽҪ˵ǿпޣǸӣӭȢ˻ʺ󣬻ʺӱС˵ֵֻǽ֮֡
ҿúӸҳ󣬲Ҫعĺá
˵Ƶģȴ躢Ӷˣǲһأ
Цˣһˣޱ𣿡
µеȻصͷǡӶ˵޹ؽҪôŮˣǶܸĶǻϲѪͳ߹ĺӣֲҶһ
սӣ޵ĺӣ
˵ҵĺӡ
ؿŭ̫ⷭҽ˵岻ãв򱣲׼ᶯֻ̥Ӳŭ̻ض
ϵȴЩƲסѱˡ
俴һۣĵߵǰҪȥޱȹϢŭ
û£ͱ򣡡
ͷ˵
􅱵ץʱ£ĪĪڴˣ􅱾һһΡһһ㣬һ˿ֺĥûˡ
􅱰ŭ⣬㿴ң
̧ͷۿͨ죬ӯڽޣ治ǰޣһٳǿʲôã˶ѣҪҿʲôһ١ٶƭҵ𣿡
ҪУΪҪװ󷽣ҳȥ˵úʵǰҵɰèųȥһȦ͹ˣ
ǲǻҪл¡
ʵڱﲻס翪բһ£ΪǲһģЩûôãиҵСңӻ֣ȫˡ
һޣ􅱾ʲôˣİżޣޡ˺òãû㲻ܻ䣬͵һңҪߺòã
ġȢΪޣֻҪ΢ίһ£ʹԺٷΪҶ췢ģ˵ľʵа
ĹλҶ޺ˣʱһֻǡͬͬѨòã
ƴסʱǲãҲҪһ𡣡
㻹̵ף˵ͽˡ
ÿζÿζǣϣ˵ûƲңΪϷŪң
絶ĻŵĲɣǿаӵ뻳УҲϷŪ㣬İ㣬䡣
治֪ôˡϴηԸߣҪº͵طֿҺˣ̫ˡʲô涼Ҫˣ˵ұ޳Ҳã˵ԶҲգҶˡ
˵컨׹ֻԼ޷ܵ˵ӳĺڹлľ
䳤󣬾ûиףҲ϶ڹҪúá
ż˵Ҳ˵ˣʱ죬ұΪǵĺӾǵӣҾ԰ࡣ
۾˻ɣ˵£˭˵׼ʮǰҲû뵽⸱ģ
һʱʵ˵ֻ˵ԺӾˣ֪ҵˡ
ѾˣôݺģȰѻ˵һһĥģһӣҲů˰ɣ˺ӣںӵķϣҲһЩɡ
תתǰѻ˺󹬣֪ˣ統յǻҲúʲô˺ӣĻֳ
ֽ˵һӣͻеڶǵĺһӱƯù࣬ʱͿԴΪΪʺ
Ծ̴úãȴǱе˵ڱȥ
ƤһȻһ
ĺƽֱֱۣ࣬ǷҪȥſϷŹĺúõػš
һѵƬָ˵䣬һẦµġ
Ц£һǶߵ㺦£ʲô
¼ˣٵ飬ֱӰ˹
գȫ˶֪ϽѲʱڽһһŮӣһ빬һٵСմã֮Ҳƾ֮Ϊʹ


70 
޲, 檲͵󹬼ǧһ, ƫҪ͸ū͵
, ֱӴһһҰඡ
޹һ˵, һһ׾ջ, Ǹ֪ĸðĻʹ, ʹؾ꣬Ǻ޲ð޶ͺһ
Ĺĵ˵˲𰡣
ŮҩĬĬһӵĻϵ϶ɨˣֶˮ֡
ֻʣ, ˵Щ强޹˵˵ǲרǵȳŮӰǣɽׯǸ輧, ϡ
ǲǡǲΪĸǹŮ, ԲϲЩ΢Ů˰
ҩɫһףϽȰ, Ҫ
޹ֻñ졣
ͻʹֻһ֣ȴرƵصҲ֪ʱϲŰıųǿľɫԵߵڷǾֱӲΪʹˡ
􅱲ʹһûֱ̫̫ʥּһӦʥӡǺã۷񲿣ݱ˵˸Ͻﱸ, ѡһƵգҹζࡣ
ǻ֮ûõǴеǣ˵㣬Ҳ˻ǲȵϥ¶ŮɱΥͣ˷ˮ
仹˴ʥɱ߱ʹǻ̫࣬ŽлһֱûаŮ
˻Ϻӣǻϵĵһӣ֮Ϊ˲ϧĸʹ˵˵㣬ǿҲܽܣʳǻӻǹ嶼ͬѰ
ָеһӴţ֮еҲһһĿˡ
Ҳ֤óӵģƳһЩݵҥԡ
ʹʽһºٰ졣
չйֵŮǰݼʹء
ǰƷй빬֮֮ջĶͷй֣Ȼ統껳ܻΡ
ֹѲ֮һ㶼մϣʹһҲһûǰ˵ʲôˣ֪
Ҳ֪ͻȻðĻʹʲôͷ
Ͻʥݣڽ̵СŮϲȵѩ䣬ǰ޿ߵߵʹ
糯ֱȥ޿ߵֱ޿ߵ˸鷿Ѱ칫ᵽ
ջ޹һ֮󣬱Ю빬ûٿ֣·ʲô¶ûһһղ˵Ȼſܲдżĳȥ
˵ֻдٰţŻȽУˡ
ĸҲӦ
ֽдš
վڱϿдȷЩҳ˼ӣ룬Ҫǣ˰Ǵ㣬ǸҲҵӡ
ͷҲû̧Ϊ㣿ڹоüįͷҪңץͽҵΰˣǴڹ⿪ĵعӡ
дѩ䡢׸Ļд۪õС
􅱶Ƭ̣̲סʣ۪Ϥ𣿡
еıһͣͷڽ˵ǰǸӣһĽ»ҽٰиٷĲˡ
􅱲ͷٰһһ֪ûǸСкܲ˻ǰˡ
дٰţһֽһ˳дţ𣿡
􅱵ͷ
ҲڱϹۿµдţдĻй􅱵¡
˳ĳԶšǿȨԵˡ
дһ䣬􅱿һ䣬һԡû£ǻʵۣҪݴСŮӵļָѣܽܡ
д꣬±ʣҪҪĿһ𣿡
􅱺Ƥ˵䣬̫ҽ˵иңֱñ˲ʱһۡ
ԵĻһ㣬òҪǱˡҲûʲôϵͽźĶҵĸᴫȥ

ʲôһħһɣ
ӣ治֪ôԸ޻ţƤǡ
û˵ʲôҺʱ㣿ֲø
ˣ𣿡
􅱵ĽڵƵģĥ˺һ߿˵߿ʵҲֻߵӵһߣλһ̧ͷܿ䡣

źǰ棺ϣй
􅱿˻һۣûкɫ仯ŵɡ
йǰ棬ĸСŮü˳ĿظʹҪЬӣڡεȵȡ
һţȥȴû˵еĻʹֻӭ£¹
йһֱͷƬ̣ĵĽŲһ˫׺廨Ь߹εȹڣȹһٽĽƳɵģ棬ˮǺһԹ
йû̧ͷݼʹ
ȻһǶŮɣй
й̧ͷ㿴Ϊȥǰйվǰ
ʹ˷˵йԭأλزһʱ˹ء
鸴ӵλѣصйòˡ


71 
ȴɵʱ
йŹ¹̬, ϸ뻳佫ؽһ飬ʵϣ֪, ΪǰйĻҪ˸أ
ֻ侲, Ҳûơ
ƽĵһƬκ, þòƽϢ
ôһأ䲻
ʧͻȻҲͰ, Ȼ, һٵ˻ʹ
ŵһۼһǲúŮˣϧǣü۳, µСܲҲóһģһλðɣ
䵱ڹдˣֻӸ֣ļ֪ı, û֪ʲô
ȻǵûıԾ, λʹҲأΪѾ, ֮ͬˣҲûǷ룬˭õ
􅱵ȥһɡ
ףȥݣʶҪԼ·Ŷ֣й˵𶯣Ǹ
̫ϰˡ
統ϻͷ˼ػͷ
, ɹŮϵȹȹ
һĸûжӻǳ
⵽䣬ϲڣǱ˴ҲҪװģ
ʲôʵıʰɣڹл㣬ҲԸҵӿɾͲˡ
йûش𣺡ǲʡͻȻûˣͻȻͻȻˣͻȻˡ
һֱͷĬ˺һ˵㻹žͺá
·Ծ£ѩߵӣΪᷢ
˵ࡣ
ѩۿһ죬ҭӦһֽظͷܶΣǴŮٹڡ
ǵһθùͷ᲻ãùôСģᣬֲСİѹùõͷ˼ŵ£¹ùҪСͽˡ
ղһۼùһ£ûŵεڵϣǿ̵ڣԼúܺãùǰǽ̵Ҫ䲻ֻ˵һ仰Ǽһᣬ̲סޡ
йùûţԸѩһɵѾͷ챻ùҲ֮¡
ѩȵģûжһ߸ͷһѹ룺ԺŲܽйù˰ɣùòһôͻأ
վӿѩԼͷףúܺãҲڵʱҲû͵ѧϰ
ѩʣλ˻ʹԺҲѧˣҾ߸ͷ
ҡҡͷϸ˵ˣûǰ̣ǹԹԵؿŮ٣ҵСͽܣϣҵ棬֪֪
ѩۿ죬ûԹɵصͷǣǣһϣ档
һСӿ˿Լ˵ϸױɣһױȴˡ
􅱵Сʱŵȵ任·
Ůһ߳ƿˮɫʹĻҡ촽һʢŵĺĵɫ㡣
ƽﰮصɫէһ죬Ʊȼһ㣬ԭһгչĿ
һʱ俴ֱۣ޹ģ߹ȥס֣㴩
΢΢һЦϵĽҡҡҷϣлޡ
ԵĿ⣬żҲ¶ʵݲ̬¶
˵ԺˣҲˣȥ·˰ɡ
􅱵ֲ֪ʱϣ·ÿٴһҶ࿴ۡʺϴЩ޵ɫǴЩɫ
􅱸ʱźĹŮǱɫضˡ
üʣҪڻУ˷£Ȼְ㡣
һ죺ôޣ
û˵ȴáѵ𡱵
Ƥ̫ˣ㱻رģҲ֪
ص􅱡
􅱴ʱã׳־ҵһжع򣬻䲻ٵֿԸĻʹ֮ҪǵĺӣԻãԺӺã쳤վãһᱻжġ
˵ĲԣʱǸùִؼһ£ⲻǽɽ˶
ΪʲôֻѡһأΪʲôҪأҪɽҲҪ䡣ǻʵۣΪʲô̰ģ
ежԤɵн
􅱵ͷǻ䣬û㣬ҲûôӦûֻ̫֣촽ˣĻһͷͿ׵
ۣޱ˵䣬ϵ֬óԡ
ֻԼ䰮Ĳɣļ̣˵䣬һ̣̼꣬ʹ˵ǵĺӣȲӣֻҵĺӣ
⼸Ǻúóı⣬ֻˣǹءԦ֮͢㶼üãǿʱٹͬҵĻʺ󡣡
治ɫ˵Ķģֻĵɾȥ˼̺һڡ
􅱺˵֪ﻹԹңҰץʹҪί㲻Ҫ㵱ʺҶĵġûƲ㣬ңϻʺ֮λ
ֻǻһ̣¶ĥ򲻴
Щ飬˵ʲô䶼ҪѾԵظоҪˡ
ԣʲôƵ£ЦЦЩ䵭һһƱˣҪҲˣȴּΣ֮УĵȫĻĲĻĵ⣺􅱣ΪίңΪݵ΢ҵϻʺ𣿡
Ҫ뵱ʺһọ̃


72 
Цһ, ̧֣们䣬¶ذϸֱ, 􅱵ļ, Ĳӣ
, ǴСһ𳤴, ֮˽¶˴˶һ
, ҵйʲôҲ֪ҵҲɾҴһʼͲʲô֮
⼸ΪþۺɢҸĳˣ
􅱵ɫ, ͷŻˡ䲻˵, ΪԴӰߵ֮, ϴȥϵࡣ
ڱ֯һŵй֮ˡ֮
ֻǴñ֮ʧɱ, ûֶΣǻǰ־Ѿ˻Ϊ˲¶˴˹ϵûʲôǻԼһɱ֮ס
ֿ˵Ҫ뻳ĺӣ͵͵ѱͣ˱ǣ㲻ģҲа취Ѻ
ʱȢ˻ʺ, ƾŻʳں֮Ҳһϯ֮أʱذˡɱһʺҾ͸ɱһ
ɫÿٳٰ䣬ⷬҲЦóҲûֻŻ˵
㲻ñŮӣֻҪ𣿡
Ը˵ΪôģЩСֶܲ᣿ֻҪҲ룬ǻˣҲŪ
㿴ȵ۵ĺ˶ٺӣҪҳ֣ұܲۼһ֤ݶ鲻
§ֻɫѿ˵ˣ۾һգգضסļ뿴òƤ֮¾ʲô
ãſڣտŵĹҲȾ˺˪żֱ̹ǵ飬ؿīɫֻӳԼӰ
˼ʵʾ˺αʾӸµŻ䣬ظȥӰǵصȥ˹ס
֮ľӵţԵű˴ˡ
侲˵
־֣㣬㿪ľͺáڻУ˵ʲôرҸ
㣬ȻֻС⡣ʴȣϲ㳤裬ϲĺҲϲ
޲ˣҲνƲҲãҲգ޶ϲ
~~~
ٰǡ
ʱû߼вݣֻǾþûȵʵڽ˲
׸ÿ˽ӻҪڴŵżϵȣŪС鱧žǰ԰޶ԣһֻȻ
һһա
ѩȴ֪ùôȥǲٻˣ׸Ҫˡ
ֻԼֻܿ࣬ǻԶ̽ˡùǸǿŮӣҪǿҲֲȨƵˡ
һ£ڵȵһӾǼš
ԭǻùöǵİţѩʮСЩ˷ҲǲܵңٰլӶ͸һǮƸ۪ãĻԺнꡣ
ʱѩʮˣŻȥ޲ɣԼľ⡣
Сް׸ȴûޣѹ˺üգ֪ԼǼΨһˣǲԻۼңڵСͯҲˣѩôأ
˽ºѩһ㣬ǿ԰Ѹȳ𣿡
ѩҡҡͷȨƣƵġ
׸սȭͷȴòײף˶ˣΪ̫СˣкܶܶǮܶܶˣܰ׸Ȼ
ѩȴ룬ԺʲôҪʲôֻŻùµӺׯһͷͿһ飬ǹùøǼϿõ飬ֻһ룬δꡣ
ùòˣⱾȴüȥ֪һ¿Ůʲôù˵ĺôѣܸ˭ΪУָε֮
~~~
³
ǻع֮һӣ㶨һվٰʹ
˯һ̲⽻һдӼ̥ŰݵڶʡˣҪּģҲ˼˼͹ȥˡ
ȴȥ̫̫֮⣬Сûôϥǣ˴Ÿչ£һ£ְ̫̫׼
еǰһӸˡ˵ɡﴧ֣ҪǶ̥Ͳˡ
̫̫ȣӵ˵˼䣬ˡ
ˣСλ޿ߵ
ա
ǰݼ½Ļʹ
ɱ޿ߵеȴʻŸշ£̻Իͣۼ
޹Ʒ䲻ʹȴӵͷͷͷһվǰ棬һȹӣصһΣʰ޵޹ˡ
ţλƽĻʹĸĸƾӹҲӦҪЩҹŮνύɣ
ȴû뾹ڵ⣬һյʱ䣬˵ǽȥ˼
޹һţǿһ߾ŮӰϡе죬һʱ֮ȴǲļ
Ůüòף޹Ըòڴ˴ȴ·ѹһء
ڰһϡ
޹صع£ݼϡ
е㲻ֻлʹڣһҪй֮񣬸һҲ͹ȥˡ
􅱵ƽ
޹ҪȴǸŮָʹص£ҿڿˣҵˮɡ
޹һϥһֹ˻ȥŮ˵ȻָʹϸˮɴӲڻ˷
ϻΪһˮ޹ˮֻô̶
ָ˸ʹ
ݸһЦ޹
޹ϳ˭ʱɫѩףŵָⷢ


73 
޹¹, ʱŵûҪˣԼǲΡ˵ΣҲ̫ˡ
Ī˵Ǵ޹, Щ¹, ǰ޿ߵݼʹʱҲһ侲뵹Ҳ˵ȥ, ǲ²⻳ˡ
ѹû, ҲǱ, Ǳͳȥͷ棬ٽӻ˳µزΪʹ
Ҷֻ֪л䣬˭֪ذ
һɷѿ, ǵйʱ⣬˭סǵֱӷ̫, ٲ
, ͳȥתһȦ, ٽӻ˻ˣȴͬ˵Ůϣ˭˵й䣿
ָ¹ΪǴһװϹӰɡ
ϯϣ߾ףϷǳӣϯ, ߡ
߹׷˼졣
޹̲סȥΪƻ˽ĺɣǹװȻһȻģЦףأǴûƵģҲйõġ
´һ߿һ룬Ż䡭ʹĸ˫ʱű빬еŮȻûϯ
ٷԵûϲ˶ڹϲҪףʹһٵء
֮еһŮ˻֮Ǳޱ̵ˣܼ֮ǰڼĽŮܸĸֵܳ谮ȨƣӣǱȲġ
ԽԽ˼ֲ治ǻϲ̤ǵԺӣֻһô˵ˣôãŻϣҲʲôɡ
󹬵һȻҪã˭ǰйʱһˮ©ҲͰˣҡһ˻ʹԺſúܣ˭ίʵ˿ߡ
ϯ֮󣬻дԺͻ
޹룬԰ʲôأСǼ仨𣿻ϰůҵĻնѣҲȥҪ
Ϳ˵֮У곤ұһ㡯ɡ
ЩǿĶõģϲȥˡ
޹
ʹҪײҪġ˵ˣʱ֪Ͷһ׼Ҫ
̫ͣйܲ͢ȱ˸أֻ˵ʥ裬ϳ˲ͬ
кʵƾǵٺ»϶͵ĺһӣҶǧ𣬼֧Ԯһݺѡ
ڸֵˣſЦϱزԹۣ֪׼ʲôҶ׬
ȴ䲻ÿӶѭλ𱰣һͷ棬һΣ͵Ҳõһ֧ӡ
ֹأ㹻ˡ
䱻һȺݺݺŮΧţ۶ϣһã˶ˣЩˣеͷΡ
ƽ࣬к
ҼﻳʱɱڵùǺ㸣ȴãһСӡ
ˣˣҼ㻹ϲᣬǸ̥
ϻʹķеģҲвģܵøߣͣһʱ˸ŮǲŽ²̨
һźȣǺ޲Ƶġ
һֱţû˵ʱ䲻˵ĵûʹڴ˼죿
ԣ粵õӣ˵ɥʲôѲʹŮɣ
Цһҿûô˵˵ġǲͬҿɲ˵˵ͻȥݷףʹһٵУҲ˻϶ԻʹһƬġ
޹ǣһһҿڣñ˵ǹʹ
ٿ䣬һƵǶǷлǳǸûϵƵģһֱº͵΢΢Цţɫ
Ǽ˵꣬ſڣǳԣ
˵ʱĵĲܸˣӣɵҲš
ŮŮʲôãǻϵĵһӣǶӽ˵̫ܵӣŮǸܳĹ
ΪڴԲæ˳Ļ˵
ԶԣŮҲãŮĵСް
˻òŮһһСˡ
лͷ̥ǹҲãɲʹһܵˡ
ϵĳ谮ڻһϣֻҪԸֳһ㣬˵ҲܻϺӣĻᣬһ仰ѡ
ܻ˵ʲôȱ۾˵˭أ
ʱϹˡ
ǵֵȣȲȥȺôô໰һֱŻ䣬˵û꣬պòÿգԶ㻳䡣
һžף􅱱͵ȵ÷꣬ƶ˵̥һǸӡ
ӣҲ֪ԸԸһҲףۣܿɵץᣬ̥ǸкǸкźøıλ
أȴǼЦŹάӲûƵҪ¹л
û£û˵ʲô򣬽޴õӣʲôң
Ҳᵽݵ֬˵ʲôô㣿޶ҪѬˣѬŻʹô죿Ժݼʹ׼㡣
֪ʹأͱﳳˣ˾ͻ˰ɡ
Ƿ׷׸뿪
ȵ룬ϵǻҲ̫Ҫһ˰ɣôŽ
Ƕˣ􅱶Ի˵㲻ͷӼǾͲ徻Ҳʡóʲô¡þ֮Ů͵öʲôӣĺҪ
ҹѾˣôţһ仰Ҳ˵
􅱣ľҵǲ
ЦЦ˵ҶϷȤϲ½ƵĻѷӡҰ


74 
½ƵĻ, ѷӡҰ
˵գЦЦֱ􅱣Ϊ, Ҫÿһ˿仯۵, Ҫȡ֡
Ƥʵ̫ƤϿ, Ҳûɫ, ֻһԲ
ίʵһڶ, ˬ࣬һҪԼԣһʹԼʻʵҪӡȷʵϹءоˡ
ҰɣŪָס˵, ӵݸ􅱻źҲϸذ, һһطֿ, ۵˵Ҫӡ, ʹݴͳְ֮󡣷ġ
⻹ͷһҪӲҪ޷ò
伥˵Ͳ˷ӡĺ󹬽췭ظ㲻һŮӣǧڳϲΪ𣿡
߷ƵģҶְ˺ңΪѣʡΪ, Ϊʲô¶Ҫǵġ
һ
􅱺˵޲ŷӡ£˵ö񶾣޻֪ܲ㣿Ϊ֮ǵΪݽĻȨСȻҲҪߡ
ǱѡЩŮһֻΪһϲһŭɱˡ
ѰĺʶСƵǰ޲ֻ˷ӡĵһ¾ǲóӵ·ߣźһˡ

մװͿþʱúͿʱȥװɵӣ硣
⻰ʲô˼ô𣿷ӡԸǵñ֤ܣ
ֺǺǵ˵һӲҰԸԳˣһŮӣ޸ֶ֮㣬ʲô
˵Ҳе􅱻ǵġʲôˣֻҪץסһᣬܷ츲ءѷӡίʵ
бױȥ룬֣һЩȨ䣬ڴˣճ¾ã߲ˡ
ʹգʵǰھƳװɣֻûа̧Ρϼ
ҹЪ⣬һһӣలµ˯¡Ҫ˯һӣ֮ǰǣԸкҪִ˯ǿǿѡ˸еķӡ
ôͬҲˡ
գ􅱱԰ѷӡ˹
ӡôãȴ􅱽̡
ûţûΥأûִƷӡ֮󣬿ǰ͢͢˶ܹʤλʺһְ
ɼֶʣֻǵóҲͰˣһ֣ҲˣϻмӣֱӰѷӡ
Ǻεȵٳ衣
ǰ޹Ǻ֮ףӡı߶û
Ǻ󹬣ھ¶֪϶λĻʹ谮мӣʱƷӡһʱ޶
λλ̫õĵ˿еҲЩĲ죬ȷʵĸĶ飬Ǻ£ۿһˣ̫಻ãҲðɣ
ȵ۲ûйƽӣǶֻһʱĳδֱƵ̨ϣȨ
ǰȥףءμӹû˾죬λʹδⳤ̫ʧ˰йģҲլԺͷȥ
Уʹϵĳ谮ǲǳȴǿ¥öУʲôûУֻеĳ谮öӡסأ
ܺǹܹ˵ģᳵ·ӵ鲼һ˾ֱʡȥˡ˵ķ¡
йϳ˻䣬СŮܲϵá
ϵĽ͵ִƷӡĻʹŽȻͬζùþǻùãŮʱƾŮ֮Ʒй˺Ҳֱ˻ʹ˵ܵʺ
ǻͷԼԺĹŮֲȫǴӼģֻҪǴӹŮ˾ģ˭ܱ֤ǲǴ˵ǷмŻģ
һʱĻ̻̣ѻΪŮһ㡣
Ǳ߻ȴڸּۻۣȥֱռ˱ˣҪҴܺ󹬣ֻҿɲɡ
􅱸ˣҪӣǾ£æӣУҪ٣Ҷٲ㡣
Ҫ˾˵ЪһЪҪܡ
Ȼ˵ȻԼ
ף룬˵䣬Щʱ⣬˼࣬͢û뵽ǲϲĳúõģ
㿴Σ


75 
, ֻúЦΪʲôҪ¾鷳£ǰҲ˵ϲʹϲңıԼȴҪ
һ, , һС˵ֻҸ취΢øһЩ
㻳, Ϊʲô, ʧҲʧȥͺˡ
˵ÿҪƭͿʼԳơҡˡ˵, ûҲҪˡ
֪ҿʲôҿá
Ҳܷ㣬αϹҼһŴأֽŶ졣ôˣǸǿ϶Ҫ, ɫ
􅱾ûڳԴףȥˣ»Ҫö̥, ҲĲ, ֻһۣͺӾͳʲô⡣
ƭѻץ, øʲôûУֻܿˣҪػŻ䣬ûˡ
ӵʱգʵʵ޿ߵĶҲȥ
̫ҽҲ˵ˣŮӻʱ鱩ϲġ
̰ɡ
仹˵Ůӻʱģɲÿ, ڿŻãٹһӣҷӷסߵٿһ𣿡
􅱱˵Ҳ粻һˡ
ô˻𣿻ɱڡ
􅱸Ͻ뿪Ц˵䣬˵ƤҲûʮʱӢҲûҰʱ룬ΪҵǻԺᣬûǰôÿˣŽ㽥ҡ
Ƥ廳䣬װɵƵ˵ʱ⣬С㡢ŮҡӣҸʹлӰ಻סį빴ء
ֻҪҵ俴ҿĿת
俴ǻ̲סЦˣذɣҲŮ빴㡣ȥ£Һʱˡ
дʵ˵ֲϲңϲʵֻۣϲɵġ
ϲˡ
􅱷Ҫ˵ϲġ
侲ظһ飺治ϲˡ
ߵǰѶĶϣڻʲôܸܵŵСм˵ϲͲжǸˡ
Ǻܱɣ֪ƭ䣬ǻһ˿ϲģһúϧˣúðϲԽԽϲҡ
ԭȴҶŻϾٳʹУصұĹɣҵȣʹĶҲûȵϲס޿ߵ
޹ǸƢססȥʻ䡣
ʱɿС·˺һǸŮ޴ģʣʲô
˵Ůѽ
޹㻹Ů
䲻æ룬һľǸŮ
޹ҿҲûܴƳѵĺۼʵڲһŮ˴ԼŮڹС
˼Ժ󣬷ֻ׼ĶһӦŮõġ
޹൱Ի󣺡ǻϲ˵Ҫ𣿡
˵ǸԺҪЩŮҿõĸá
ʹת£һߴź񣬵ÿջҪŮСҲûۣÿնȡ
ʣֱ˵ԼҪŮӲܻ䡣
żйȥԺܼܲϣø¶ᣬʱϣҲû˱£һλ˵˻ôȾʹŵòȥ
࣬д޹һ׺񱭣޹һߺڵĻ裬һ뵽еһЩԡ
˵Ϊ˻רŪ˸ׯõԺ͵ȥ̳ɴСһ磬覵еɫǳǳ̳ɽˮģ¡
汦ٷһݣͱһݣ˶ûС
Ķʵ̫ˣļ֮ĵشͲС仹˱˵ʲôפԽʮͣŮһۣû˵
ҲֻСϢ˺ͣеС񱣬ҲʲôһŮ˶ѣзִ磬ֻǳ裬ûλ
ԽԽ䣬Ķһմ
􅱹ֽд˺öµ֣ʣڸְȡɣҪ뺵ģйء
˵ȡСܳ˰ɣ
æӦŻЩ֣ôǸŮȡģȴһҪӡ
뵽£􅱾Ͳ̫꣬ҽԺҽǶѹȫ˵ǻŮʺûûзӸģ̫ҽ˵С
鼱֮£˵һЩǰ취İ취˼λˡʩĺתֵ̥һö衱˵ûˣö̥תΪŮ̥
Ǻ޲Ůֱ˵زϡ
֪ЩʿƭˣɿģƺҲûгɹ߶߶˭˵أԥ˼գ͵͵ƭԣౣ̥ҩȥ䡣
̫ҽķӳһЩҩû̫ɣֻüʣôµҩ
м飺㲻θܲǴӣۣ¿һ㡣
˵ٳ԰ɡ
ùˡ
ҩˣҸȥðɡ
ȡǿҩڻģֻǿźںɫҩڻ˻ΣҲǸҡ
˱۾Ϊ˶ӰɣҲԹˣ಻ãźӡ
ۼҩ裬ͻȻδйĻţĶɤۡ


76 
􅱴δ˺¹, ڻ佫ҪҩʱͻȻ֣ץס˻󣺡Ҽ, ̫ҽ˵Ӧ˯ǰԡȱˡ
һ, ˼ȥաһһҩأ
ɻ, սҩ, ĬƬ, ʣ􅱣ʲôҰɣ⵽ʲôҩ
􅱱첻˵߬, ɿ
룬˵ƭģ, Żȥɡ
һɿ, һͷǽĵҩһӡ
ͣһ, ֽŷϽץסż˵ҶԣΪʲôԣ
˵¸Ķ檸Ҳ𣿡
³³ҽżʣͲǶҩ
޶Ե˵ǶҩǲǸһӲ꣬ǵðϼ, Ҫҵһ𡣡
ֻر⣺Ƕҩ
ʣʲô
􅱹˲϶ˣ̹˵Ƿʿĵ衭ӡ
˰Σÿɵӵ
􅱱һһףӲͷƤǲͶҽ׵ҩҲҳԣ
ĵֱðһʵ۾ȻҲֽʿӳȥˣ
Ϸһſһֵֻƣҩ軹ûԣһùҾ;òԾƽʱ̫ҽҿӣʲôʱҩǰ꣬ġ
ҾͿҪιʲôҩ
ҪĺӣǺӵ׵Ҳס
ʱҽͷظϵˣ˽ŵķΧ
˵ûˣ°ɡ
ȴѸƽ
ҽһͷˮƽŰѹôְѣ
¶ԸˣԵ
һУƣ鲻ûбëʹ鲻ëˣ˼䣬ҩŵӡ
һҩ裬һͲ̫ҽԺģڻǰֻܼӶ
̫ҽ뿪
ԺΣĬĬ˰ҩˡ
ʣôҪ𣿼̫ҽ˵Ůͱˡ
һǰ㲻ҪŮú⣿㵹Ҫһˡ
ΪҪӣƭҳĵҩ􅱣ҪΪҶĺʲôʧĲ֪һʲô
􅱽ڽڰˣòҳڨڨ˵ⲻǻ᲻
ŮŮɡСҲϲЭǵŮػǴиС
û˵꣬ȥæϣС䣬ҵĴһʱļʲôãģСҲɰС֡
ͷװͰ͵˵㻹֣
װɵ㶵վԭأҡҡͷǣǡ
䣺ܸˡ
źĹŮЩ˶ֻܵͷװû˭ڻʹǰأ˵ȥûš
􅱹˯ָṴ̊齡
ʲô
ҲҺ˯һŴ

􅱿Ͱ͵һۣǸһ˵˯ɣ˯䡣
¶􅱱ִ˯ֻڻﲻߡ仹ȥ鷿˯òص
ĶԽԽԽ㣬еиԺ֣ᷢθڲãȴݣˣԿɵѾƲӵ
ڣͲϯϵĶ뺦һ􅱿ԣ޴ӱ˵
֮Ĺϵ㣬ֱ¡ĵһѩ£԰ĳӽ˱
·ûȤѩ￾̿ͷͰ㡣
ʳʲôϵζҪţˬ࣬һ߿ڹϿ˱ơ
ţ􅱽Ų߽ʲôأô㡣
̧ۿһ£ҪԼãֲʲôϡ
һ£С˵䣬Ҹһ㶨ϲġ
·ʣʲô
ȥ䣬ʱһյСƽݣ黨ϸݣֽĽ㣬䲻أȴ⡣
ֿ˵ģòÿ
˵꣬۰Ͱ͵ذţ͵жˡ


77 
΢, ̧һ۱ƣֿһڴĻʵۡ
Ӧһ», ̴ٵ̾˿, ΢ʾԼ֣, ˱, Ц, ˼˼ع˹ƣÿлл¡
Űɣһġ
˵꣬б˻ȥ˱, ·˱ҪȤȵСŮͷ͵øˣͷڸɻ
Ǹ˶ܸоķܣ􅱵ȻҲܸо, ʱɺ, ãȻ֪˷ŻʲôԺĵ, ־ܷŻߡ
􅱵ϲϲϲϲͲϲαƭء
ػش𣺡ûƭ㣬ƯĶ˭ϲ˵ˣǻʵۣҪӡ
űƣů¯ڣûһͱñڻһϸˮ, ˵ϲͲҪˣȥˡ
ֻ˵ǻ°ɣϧģ͸һգҲˡ
ȴ˵ᣬҵһ񡣡
һĺӹƷŽȥˣֵҲƼ档
􅱵ϻͲữˡ
ϻӵ̵üǳˮͷŮͼϸһ£ֵ϶¡
̵ˣ˵Ự§΢¡Сϣ˵ʱΪյ㲻˵治ס𣿼Ҫ棬ֻܴڱѰϻӣڹ£Ҳٻˡ
Գþáط
ûֵöжҲûĬʵͦжֻǲ˼˵
ĬƬ̣ʣôͻȻ뵽Ҫƣ
˵ϻұһֱ취
Ļ˱Ҳ˵Ҳ𣿡
һ𣿱ܸɵó£һһ
˵˵ǰֻҪһӾͲԸԶҲûصطԸֻһలµسһٷһӲˡ
􅱾Ȼܳ
ǳʱ˵úҪѺ󹬽췭ظʹԺ󣬳˲ӣȴҲδʲôֵ顣
ԭţҪ䣬ò۵ػ
仹治żðСӣϢؽˣ֪䲻ɽ¶ˮʵ򵱳ڵйʱİѱֻ뷢ˡ
ؼڻһݺӣһ㣬ϻȥһ˵仰ɲ¡Ϊ޹ʹãǰӴ޹¾͹ȥСʱ
ڱ˵ʹĪǰѻϵԸһ˵๫ˣ˲ܷ̻ϻҪţδ׾̫
ЩԳ˵ϺͻʹСʶ÷꣬壬Ŷ谮˸ˣҲռϵɡоҲĶʸ
ǰõʱ򣬻·ϱһλ˽ס⵹ôÿ³˾ȥ޿ߵͳô·˾ϡ
λ˴û֦չعȥżһ飬ҹĳ谮ȴȫȻûõϧֻɫһףͷȥƼʹԶǿ϶ˣӦû˵Ļ
ɱڵֱƲˣΪײϱ˰ӣһ꣬˶Ϊ˴
֮˸ȥʹ֮ӧ
ں֮УŮ˺Ůô׶Ϊ˻ϵĳ谮
˻ϵĳ谮ڲ֮أԲӦ䡣ʹˡ
ֻǴδĦҲ֪ƾʲôû
ȥů
Сƾϻװţ鷿һӣÿȥȡ̣ůˣÿҪüˣרһū澿ţʱ伸Ҳδȥһء
鷳鷳һЩȴֵã뻳֮İյƣòҪĴȥάҲûϵΪ
£ٽȽڣ􅱸ȺҲ˸ȥڡ
仳н£ԲģãҪȥ̤ࡣ
һиĸš
ͦôӣ㻹˲ɣҲʹﱻƾȥѡ
ÿλ˵úʲôңȫǺҵġ£ٰȥıȥģ
һ飬æ˵òã޴ȥԷ޵ְȽڵλᣬһЩ档
㲻ǲȥôͻȻ뵽Ҫȥˡ
֮£ΪΪȰγ顣νΪȣҲȽڵ
мڣд֮£ŮʱҲ߲
˵Ľա
ǸĻʵۣҲദ˾ڶĹӺ͹Ůμᣬһ̤档
ϻʹûĶʮֺ档
λ󹬵ĻʹĽɫо˵Ļ
մá
ȴʱڼ˱عеĻʹ
̵ŻױֱխСɫỨȹһΣǸˣȴҲǶΧһȺòĹŮÿҪᣬէһȥȴ
һ֮Уҫ۵һš
ʱգеӦǳˣŻãҲӷףԼ֮
ûУûдеĺ֮෴Ϊֹ󷽵壬ϺءͷȻϲǵḡ֮ͽ
价һܣȴ룬ǽ˾йŮҪļλŮҲڰɡȻܿĿѰҵĴС㡣


78 
ȸȺݼŮǷ, ⷽ͵􅱵Ǯ۾ȥ
￴, ʹǶ, ͬһŰû˵ʲô, ŻʹǺ, ˿˶Ҫ, ʹ˲֣û˷ļӣν
Ҳûָʹ, ˵ʲô􅱾ʲô˵ǺƢ
мλŮҧֹʹδſһƽĸŮҲ֪ĵҶԻָʹ, оС, ûͲ±
ϻ˵Ҫʫȡ, ʹȻֱ׳˵Լѧǳʫɫ䣬Ϊ֮ˡ
Ͷ֣Դһͣŵʹɢڻ԰ˮԼ档
ÿ첻䲻ÿɷ
ɻʣ, ΪʲôҪ棿ҵ¡
ᣬδĸ
􅱣
һɫȴδһ˿һűӵһһڲ裬ʣ˭ָ˵ʲôˣ֪㻳л˵˵Ǿϲ⡣
͵Цһ􅱾öǱһ£˭˵˾֮ģ·˽֪λѾãǸиʺˡ
ңڻǰ£ǲᣬͿװ֪
ȥ·ϣͬ
·ƽʻϼûеûӽҿһ⿴Уһ㡣
ЩΪ̥Խðݣϣ˺ǲҪ
ʱͣԼˣΪع֮ʹٳְʱͣҪʲô͸ʲôһҲСģҪԽԽġ
ʱ־ʱӷߣ̵һһĽ鱦ĳ޷ٷˣȴǲصġ
Ԥٽòѡ衣
ǵһйӣÿձϸϸ˵ӵ£䲻Ϊ⡢Ĳɵģм҆£ŮӾŹһ⣬𲻷ϡ
һЦлĺ⣬һµġ
֪̾ΪƤ¡
Ц˵ܳʲô£˭ܺҲɣֲǵȴˡ㲻صģұػᱣԼƽƽӡ
ǲϧԼҲΪϽúСŮ룬ͻи̣ǸƢҪ˳
ʵƢúܡ
Ȩʢ֮Ҳ˺º͵ı
ô룬˭˵׼ڹô꣬ѲŮ˿ɲֹһһ
˳ΣμԼһյںڰСߣȴǰ滥һӰӣ߽һƼһŮƮں棬ŮӼݣӶ߸߹ǹһ֪˶ãס
ƹյϣһźԼһģһ
ҹѹؿڣǿҪϢһƴشϢ
ϢĹƣżʣ䣬ôˣ̫ҽأ̫ҽǶ𣿡
ƿӣ˴һڻļ
̫ҽҹرææظñûԴʹУǺü̫ҽְʮʱʹеθڲã϶ҪŵϺþá
ʴţ֪ʹڴϣĬӣæͷ¿ʲôÿġ
ȴϺͻʹȻڳܡ
ʹ˵ûʲô£˸جζѡ
ϽţجλǴ𣿡
ʹһû˵˵ˡ
̫ҽ޲ԼǸӣʲôûͷһ֧˰׵ڴߣϸˣʱ۶һ㡣
ʹ˻ʹҩãŷǱһÿվĸʹŻҩţҲһձһݣҲȱиҪСһЩ
̫ҽߺ󣬻һ뾲Ĳ裬ֵ˰㡣
ϲߣ˵˯ɡ
뷭Ƕ̫ˣ۵ģǹһ仰û˵ˣ
􅱴𣺡ŻеĴ޶ҵ٩˭ǹˡ
ƹˤ֮УԸ󹬵Ůˣר􅱶Ÿɣ˵ءб¾ɱңҲ֮ľˡ
㶣ﲻǲţҪһµ½ŵգԭ첻µزµĻʹҲµİ̫ҽÿ㾹ȻҲ£
°ô¡뵽ҪѲˣҪΪɥ˵󻹲ϼңҪһĹŻŻ˯ž
􅱴ϻĥûðɣƫƫֶá
ɾҲϷ֡
ڻߣ˶˯žʣɱĸμҾʱμҸʣҴȨλ
ĬƬ̣𣺡μμΣǰҶѵ𣿡
ԳЦ£㵹Ǵ󵨡
䲻ο䱾سǺܴ󵨣Ҿ㵨ӿСҲ£Ҳ£ƫҪװɵӺܴӣʵǸų򣬿Цĺܡ
˵ǡΪҵСҲŲ뿪ߡ˵ȴһЩĸ¡
ʣʲô£
ܲףô񶾣Ϊ󹬣ΪʲôȴһֱֻΪҹŮﲻ𣿡
ȴ룬ʻǰģȻҸڰºλҲɱӡ
Ϊ뵽˵ҪɱĻӹһôأ
􅱲̵˵룬ҲΪټ˵ֹ֪ɻ̲סƫġһʰĻʵۣһ£ˣһǾǵҪ
ֻһ룬֪飬ǵȶ񶾵һġ
ǰʷĻΪλ޴£ֵԼػᱣѡ
µͷǻͷת
˻Ԥǰ죬˵뿪ˣԺúȺãֵ􅱿ʼجΡ
μԼŸӣӲͣؿޣںڰ˵ĹȥζҲģż֮£Ȼһ̶̤֮У³
ҹ􅱸æ͵͵ȥ䣬ڴϣŷ
䱻ѣüһۣڣȴס
ʣڿҪˮ𣿡
ֻüͷԽԽ䲻˵ˮˣź̫ҽ


79 
􅱸ס, ڲǻʱʱ
䣬ȴֻź͹Ů, ô˵, ˵иʱʮʹ࣬Ҳ, Ҫ˺ѳһ, , Ǹжʹ
˽ʹӵĹԱŮǸʲôΣмεľȻһ֪Ψһһа֮Ĩ˵սе˺ѷΡ
׼, ͵ŻУóȥο
ûϵҵȣһһĲ, վʣôˣʼ𣿡
ų𻰣ûʼء
ûһ, ʣʹôˣôһ춼ûУʹû°ѣ
Ů˵û£ת˵ʡá
һֱ
􅱾ʱôô, һǰϣϳˡ
żԼ糯ˣӵĽҪʱ̣ô߿һ˳ʱ°أҪǿҲ޴Ӧ԰ɣ
􅱷ػֵûʹ߲ղϳˡʲôҪдùҿ
䶼ڵˣϾȻ˵ϳˣ⻹ǸµĻ𣿵һūŵģ޴, ֻӦˣӲͷƤȥǰͨ
ڴϣһһسۣŻĶƤ̥λڴߣüιȣֳһ
Щͷʲôʱ갡
˵ſָõȵȡ
ͷϸͷۣ̣Ǽʹˣһֱûһʣ˯𣿡
㶣˵ǳϢһµ޷
۾˯˯ţʵ̫ˣ治􅱣ò׷ЩйŮʣɻá
ԭūǰٸ􅱼ֱ棬ʵ̫ˣһһ飬ʤٺˣŭصã
СŮʻϻ̳Ͽ֣ҪȥӦֱסˣ˵һ˳żˡ
СὨ˵Ǳһֱ˷á
ǻع˭ҲӰ
۵˼Ȼһ£̧һ۴͸⣬ʣʲôʱˣ
Ͻǵ˵ʲôճʱء
ɫһ䣬òҪˡؽ
ȵļٵܲݣܵűߣҪûסһͷȥˣʵ̲ȥʵʱ䣬˲ñֱӴʣ䣬ôˣ䣡һ
ʯ֮䣬ѾԲûӵĿԼŪˡ
챻ˣ˲ӣһŭںۣʮصʲôңȥϳ
ȻʹƽԻе㲻Ҳһˣϻǵһ⣬˶ɵˣæͷװû
»ԾӣҪǵԴ
Թȥ˵룬ǱԼ䣬Ůʱ˵Ļ
ĸû˻ᴫȥģӻģڡ
ˣ۾һգԼͨһڵԼ˾˵ˡ
ԼҲ飬ǻͷһطŰٹٸӣԼǰڷܣֽҪһҲᵢ£뻳˵Ҹˣղȥϳ
ԣƲסػðɣŭȥϳ
ȴһϲˣЩ
ع
ֱʲôǿȥ˵ϳȥ
ûϢͷ߶߶޲ȥ䣬ǵĺû֮ǰ޲ȥϳ
һһоʲôһ׹
žϲ˵ˣ
类ȥˣҪ˵ҴҵĽŲȰԭ􅱳ˡ
һݾŵһѪζǲսϱţֻʣѪɫڴϵĻ䡣
޷ʪˣüͷһϢ
ĿϢò˵ۣʺӣȴڿޡ
ˣʲô
ҡҡͷ˵ŵòᣬ޷黳ʹ⿿ġŸԵÿɲ
̫ˣʲôСӸˡ
ʲôˡ
һѾˮѺԲɾٹš
ôĻôʱ˿ȴϺͻʹˣվһԣôҲʱ廰
ǻعѺӱҿ
˵ҡ
ŰѺӵݸϡ
􅱿˺һֿۣˣ䣬ǵĺӳɰ
żʣŮ
ŵλС
ϲԽããͣͣ
䣬ǵŮ㣬̫Ưˡ
żҿ
􅱰ѱȥһۣһֻû۵ĺƤӣôƳƯģ


80 
ʹСʱһ, һز˶١
ɰ􅱸ˣһƷҽרŸ𿴻СĸƷҽʿ, ȫʮʱϡ
Ȼ, ÿʵ۵ĵһӶõĳ谮ĳŮһ˰ֵķ, 򻧵ķ, ĸءһ, ֪ĸʶжôĳ谮Դ뿪һʢ˹
ʱСԭܸ, һϳӣôᣬ۲ѡ
յ糯ûлʵ۵
﹬ⲻû˱Ļʹʦ, ֻŮ, ɻ϶֮籦, ˭˵Ůã
ۣ˵
ʹڵ޿ߵͭǽһ㣬ܵõˮ©׼˽룬ΪΪ仹̺ӣûչ
ȻйǱҺ裬ǻ仹ҪԼ̺ӣԼι, Ͳ֡
􅱱߾ܵڿ죬絽ǰ
ѧôӣֲʲô£ûվͱģСҲɣŵʱ򰲰޲֣뷽˾
лرСʪۣЦѧôӻ򲼡
ӳ󣬼պ󣬺Ƥϵĺɫˣһ۵Ƥӣһһͷϸںڵͷĸףһ˫ˮһۣĸףʹڻСҲϡСӵĵӡ
ȻһòĹ
˭ƯĺӰ􅱰òɡ
СĴȡˣѼ뺣һ࣬ǻΪѡһ򵥵֡
ӷŵһʾԺӵϣСܺúó󣬲ض磬ضֻҪƽƽ־ͺˣĵСʱһѧΪӪӪǴŮ
޷صȥʱԼԸûõġûõģǵŮֲĹ͢һƬһԴһǡĿֵС
϶С֮籦䣬˭ܲһȸ
⹬ȴ⣬˵ʹеʱŻҲͰˣ˵вϣ˵ϳұŮӾͻСƽƽ
ҲǻεСӣʹϯϣ߳ף·Ŀ˵ʹ¸ʱһſ֣ûϵҲϲ֮
ĪֻҪãŮ϶ϲ
иһŮ⹬Ҳпˣ޲۰Ͱ͵ضŻϣϣʹΪչСܼϾ޿ߵˡ
˭룬Ϻ޿ߵܵøˣ
ÿҪıСӲСҽļ϶ͶһСһŵĲˣȿӿø
鱦ҪǮһС򣬵СĺڲϴηΣգţװ˺üϻӡ
Сʱ􅱴һ¾ƣʹСû˵С˿
􅱽ɳƴ⣬һжⷢչ̩񰲣˳뻳֮ĸҲůˡ
Դǵ֮󣬻ࡣ
İСİССɽˡӣˣҸˣΪ˻ҲҪøá
ºԺθںȻÿҪԺö֮࣬ǰȥⶼ˻һ˵֭ǲŮȣû⺢èһСССÿջҪﶼιι
ͷµëʵûʲô棬ÿճ˳ԺǺ˯ȴƵģÿչŮ߿ɵЦȥؿ䣬û壬䶼Ҫˡ
Ҳǡ
ˣȥԺߣ͸ݾͼ􅱱Ů棬ŮÿֱЦ
􅱿Ƶ˵ŮЦһ̲סһģѾкöûЦôˡ
ҪⱲֻЦûпޡ
档ˮɿΪŮķϣ˰ɡ
˵Ѯ޴ȥһ̶£÷ɸƽƣƽ
ףȴ֪ŵŷҴдŸõΪëë
􅱺Ц˵ɣ𶼻ǵ
Դ
􅱰СӭŹǸСһ㲻£˵۾ЦСһһš
üôߣһˤأ
ֻðѺӷϲòɣһСص޵ıҪúóѽ
Сһ˫ӴЦ⿴Ÿʣ֡
˶˳ŻϿСиʱ
Уʮһ̫̫ͻȻλҽΪΣȻûкתۿǲԽԽˡ


81 
̫̫һֱܿ, ʮ꿴ȥ壬պͷֻǰ, һǺڵġ
йʱ̫̫Ҳ˽, ̫̫С纮֮ĲҲûù, ʮʮû, û뵽ͻȻԤ׵صˡ
ΪִƷӡŮ, ̫̫оɶ飬Ȼȥ̽һ
ûһ±˲
Ϊ̫̫ͻȻˣԷĶ, ʵ̫ˣСŮų޲ĸ㲡ˡ
֪ô˵, ޷˵Ӳ, ĸһ, ıȵϸ߾ӷʮ̫̫أһĿȻ
̫̫ˣ䵱Ȼܴ̫һɫ«Ƶȹǰȥ˼
̫̫Ͱ徲Ҫ徲ͻʹô
Сβŵ·׷ͣ¡
􅱰ѻ, ס֣һȥ̽ĸ
􅱾Դ˺ԺˣļһίЩõԤУĸѻ䣬ֻʱ뻳˵ЩĻ
㻳һ
ʣأ㲻֪ͨ𣿡
􅱵Ѿȥˣ˵ձɽ
˵ִЯ
û̫̫ˣϴμٲǰǻأ̫̫ͷ밲һ
ǵǻ̫̫ľͷܲšţ˽ӣŴգ߻谵һɳƿɬҩζŴеķζԵø졣
̫̫ûڴϣɫƣѰݣ˵ϣ˰
丣˸ӣ밲̫̫󡣡
̫̫䵭ɨһۣ뿴˵ƽɡ
Ůʱ̫̫͵ĹŮ˹ȴ
ǰ˭õأ
̰һӣڴ£ϸĸ˵ѯʲ飬ʳԵʲôҩõʲô͡
˲̲ꡣ
̫̫ʣɻã̫ҽ˵첻㣬ɵúú
˵գ̫̫һľУԺ˿ڳϷһö壬̫̫Բʦģɡ
£ͷ˪Ŀίƣ뿪
佫Ŀ׻̫̫ˣֲǸӣǸӡ
􅱽ס֣صģڡ̫̫ʲôϵҲ˴ʦϰ֣ˣ˭ޱزġ
޿ߵûڼ䣬ҩˮϴ˸裬һ·ٻȥС
ˣԼָˣЦ۾С֣ûɫֻðһ⡣
ȵذڻһˣ⿪½ιḧıҵĸα
룬űƼι̡
רעؿıŮûעĶϽؿڣô˵һͽ
һ죬ȵӶˣʲô˼ģ
ŭصһۣȳȥٽ
ѵܼ㽿ߣǸСŮһ􅱻ͦϲģ˵ޡ޻Ȼ鷿ʱٹ
􅱻鷿һʱǱǲ˹˵̫̫£ÿ˹ȥһˣ̫̫˵˵Щ强Ҫһ𡣡
􅱣֪ˡ
㺢һ˯һĵߡ
˯óʱ㱾Լֻٰ㱾йСԺĴϣ֪ϦϦֱŮŷӦԼһ􅱵Ļʹˡ
Ҫһ²ȣɤӣͷɫˣʣ˯˼ʱ
Ů˯ʱ
ʣ𣿡
Ůҡҡͷϡϻû
㲻ٹ˵ȲɣϽӦˡ
һԷһ꣬ȴ􅱲ڻʹһ͵ԼһãͻȻڣ侹ȻЩӦ
ȣԲ·ֻҪ˼ˣһ棬Ҳˬ
극µ߻û޿ߵȥģߵȥһ˴ȥ̫̫󣬵ź˵ʲôȴ֪Ӵͻ鷿鷿
ʹĹŮСһۣ˭⣬ﶼǡ
еÿ䣬ܿü
û􅱣Լ˯ˡ
˯ҹظоһڽ˱˴Ӻ
䱻ˣҹͻȻɴ˯鷿ˡ
ЦЦˣƤƵ˵ǿɲɣ䣬ΪʲôҪ鷿ؿշ
ҲЦˣؿշһõĴʶϹ˵ʲôأ
˵ţصضֶ
䲻׼ڱȥҪʲô
􅱽§ܰĲǣ䣬ҺòãҶһûһζˡ
ư͵رҲˡ
˴ŵҪǴһ
Цˣ治ǰ
˱һţͷдȥˣһȺūҲҹң
ڿūŶţŮһţҹ̫ˣԼԼʹ˵ˣ㲻һأ
ϸǷʲôǵͨ졣
һ޻䡣
˺þãڿ˽䣬żչ뻳
ԻعԺûҪù􅱺㡣
գ˳ݼ̫̫󣬹СʱҲȥȴ˳ûŵֻۣ΢ԼһЩ
һ㶼ûϡ
̽ĸ֮˳ֶһڴĻ԰ɢһ˵Ｘֻ׺ףǺ£⻹˳͸ĸ׽Ƶġ
ʣ壬ɽҲֻ𣿡
˳ЦЦ۽ǳǳЦƣأĸزȻҪ̼˼Ҳˣٻɽȥ
􅱵ͷˡԸĸܿЩ
˳˵֮˭˵׼أ
ɫѿĬء
˳ϣƶһ̫̫ȥ׼뿪ɽĺ
˳ھס£ÿսĸ̼ٻȥ⿴̫̫ӵһһյغˡ
һг빬͢в㣬ÿջ˳֮߶ǰ˳뻳ǰ֪ȴʶһ
˳ɽ˻ʱʱдš
һ£뵽̫̫˵ĻһľǦһص³
֪ҵĲûܱ֤һһʮ࣬ôˣˡ
ֻһ»Ĳ£ˣҪТѾϲˡǰϲϽȢʺɡ


82 
յٰĻ, ѩǼŮңջָʾ⡣׸ڶ, ҲС, ¸׼һȥϼصȥʶһ
˳, û􅱵, 俴ˡ
ʹ􅱵Ļʹ, ҲĻʹڻʹʮ꣬ǰֻǲѣһ, ҲԼһĸܲһЩܡ
֪࿴ʺѡ
ֽ֮ȼһСŻӳն, ȴ, ûһ˿¶ȡ
ֽҵֿɢ
ȵʱ􅱹ʱ, ⶡ㽹ζɢˡ
􅱶е飬Աǰڵظ
û˼ǰ􅱸ҪǻҲһֱ޿̣
֪ʲôǻʵۣȢ, ΪʼѪ֦ɢҶȻ飬£Ҳδȥұӡ
ĺ
ᳵ·ص޿ߵߵ⣬ں߳һϼһٯᡣ
􅱲վסŲһ̧Žݣźں壬ݣᡰꡱһ
􅱱ͷŲٸСһЩ
􅱣ϸ˯òã
ʣô˯
˵Сʱҵ˯һ˼ôҲܡ㿴İԺè̶Ҳ˯һѡ
һֻèιš
棬ϲʱоǺֻһƽķޡ
ŮڴϣС˯ú㣬񱻵ۣ࣬Բཱུġ
􅱵ЦֻС̡
û˵˵˭أҪС̣ʲôʲô
̲סҪЦ
׼Цòװ˯ˣҪǳҰȥ
ֻðЦסЦʹϢŭСĴ
ҩˮݽţиСŮźڱһֱ˫㣬һ˵°ɡ
䲻⣺ʲô
е㲻ԤУؿŴûˣ􅱾Ҫϴš
ֲֺҶ²СˮϣǸĲϣʲô
􅱵ķޣɷϴҲϡɣ˵ɷҪӴ򲼡
Ǳˡ˵ҵļƤҪðˡ
סĽף˵䣬Ҫ֪ҲǷޡ
ˡ
һһ˵ϣ˵ʲôѾˣǱȥˡ
˵㷢ģԺʺ󡭡ֻȨ֮ƣΪ֮
ɫʣ䣬Ҳ˵Ц˭ʺ󣿡
䲻˵һ˵ϣˮҪˣְɡ
̧ţ􅱸ɣǸūһֱ˵ˣαҪֵز֪ˣҪЦ
һŮĵ𣿡
˵Բ䡣
ڴϣҲҵǸֻһϸ£δ֮У
ҲûҪʲô㿴ʹһܳ谮Ĵǻʹһ֮£֮ϣĽƱһҵĹϵĸŮ˵ˡ
ԱŮ˵ǻ䣬ŮӶͬ
ల¡
ʷ£һһ˯СԣС˯ٳҲˣİŮֳߵС
􅱹ά̽ҰɣҲԳ
ڱѧÿ죬ѧ飬ͰСѧˡ
􅱸߳һ飬ʣѧúòã
ûش೤ĺһ˯ˣ˯źã˯˵û̫
֮ع¶֪Ҫѡգ񲿺ֶæµزٰ
ʹݽӡ̫̫УʺǻʺĶˡ
̫̫С빬գ̫̫ʹͣ˲ֹǣһλҹŮĻʺ󣬲顣
鷿˸裬յƷŽС
ۿһһڻˡ
ǵڶΣҲǵΡ
ŮʱΪյӵСƣز᲻ã˵ڻо
ʱСѹˣĿڵѱʪˣͷҲʪˡ
Щǻסġ
ȴöѹˣ黨ֽһ㼴ȼҽ
СһοջһҲ£һ˫ˮĴ۾ƺǾȤЦ
ҲЦһ£ʣԺӺòѽ
Ҳ֪⺢ûСӦûɣ롣
֪ǲǿЦҲ۾Ц˵С֣ͬˡ


83 
鷿
ʹʲôʡ
ǰ, ޾ϸ棬ԻҪ֮󣬷Žʹ, 粻޿ߵ, ҲҪ˿ŴŶÿʲô˼˻ʹҪ档
ûʲô, ˷ӡԺ, ÿոС·СЬС, ԺӶûֻйͷ壬Թȥһˡ
ȥĶֻйǺ, ڹû˵ˣ􅱱ȥˣ˽􅱻йҵĹְ, ȰŻ䡣
Ƿ, 飬һݶ, ˽͵͵һݡ
գȴó棬ôװ͹ȥģôŽò𣬸˵Ǹ
˵ö˭ϲԺױ
˵ļױʱ׼, ЩǸģžˡ
ЦЦҸ׼ļױ
תͷȥŮ۶Ůϣǲѽ߲ˣ
С֣Ц䰮ĲɣҲһЦ
ԸǰһݺݵԼҲù޶ã롣
׷˵ôоԴԺͲҡ
䷭˸ۣ޿κε˵£ô˵ûҲ㰡
􅱣
􅱲Ϊ裬ίͰֻͣһ
̿Цһ£;ԼǿģǱĻ֦һ˲仨ˡ
Ƕһװƣɲ֪ûȥʡҲû̫̫ʹ
̫̫Ĳ鷴˵Ҳã˵ƺûôء
̫̫ӺһЩֽСٽ̼
գڳϣȴĪһ³˵ʹ԰С㡣
ͷһͷƤ飬ʣ˵ʲô
ʹ𣺡ǵûУʹСԺתֱˣС㶼û
􅱶پᣬμˡ
³㾶ֱȥ޿ߵ
ţĵģŮͣһԲЩƣʣأ
塣
􅱾룬ڴߣڴǰ壬幤ڹвãоǺܶԸùȥˡ
ӵһ࣬Ϊ˸·ࡣ
վһԿ䵱Ƶģ۽Ƕһ􅱷վе㷢飬̾˿Ҳ̫ƽ䣬ȥ԰С㡣
˵òãҶԣ
ָ⣬Ѫڳϡ
룬ԼӰסָ̧ͷ˵ôҪɱһʺôˣ
ܿѵǰкԤûʺ֮λҲֻҵĴС㣬Ʒϣ񡣽ټ棬ԴΣ
æ˵û˼㡢öԣﲻܡ㲻ͱȥûϵԺ˹Ҳһ
˵ʵӡҲؽȥСûдľ飬곤÷ӡҲǲСҲûƹʡ
ЦЦȴлʹƷӡ֮£ǻʺʧ裬ȻϹءһʧ裿ҵ˵ҴССͰ״񣬻ְʫᣬǸܸɵĹ
ȥ˵ָѪѾֹסˣ֪
ջ֣һʮСӸ֮޸ҪڹҲסԩ޳ʲôҲ

û
룬ž޲Ƶ˵벻ƽʱǿʤڱȴһ·ҪƴӮֻˡֲλϣ˭λᲢأ
ķڷ顣
ȥ
ѹûסס֣䣬ʲôҪģܲģ㾡˵
ͣ½ŲĬΣ˵Ҫֵ÷ҡһˡ
ʣʲô
˵ǰ˵һͨ𣿻
Ҫһ֮ǰܸ𣿡
~~~
ǡ
ƽ
βĿշһŮеǸˣӢڼұŶ飬òڼҷ๫ôţ˵ǷޣŮȴ̷˵ǰɣеһһڡҼӡ
ھе˵Сµ£ֻûţҼҵͯϱǰҹһֱûǮٰ£˵Ǯ˸լӡҿôãҪ
ҵﶼȥСҲûеӡ
􅱺¡
˭뵽ϺͻʹҼҾأ
ַھԣҪףؼ䣬˵Ǹ๫Сӿྡףӣúϡ
ЦǺ˵һһ³ףҪڼܣұȸơ
Ҫ˵ʮְ꣬㻥ϤӶˡ
Ҳû
􅱿ʼҲԻƣԼֲٰ׼ôȤǵһγ׵ͷƵģû鷿ϲƷ
ǻʵۣ͵͵ƾŪݻϲڵˣһǾƽֵСߣһٰؼҴС£ҹý˰֣ڹٸޡ
լӵģ꣬ŷݶ©ˮ􅱷ҪԼޣҲԺֽһŇ֣ҪúӣһӹһöͭǮ裬ѧÿ죬ܿ
һСһ޵СɽԱٰһٱС棬ɹ̫˯
􅱿һ۾ɵ֡
̧֣ͷһۣЦˣְˡ
仹ҪԼ£􅱵üúüƳһ°ɣ
˵ֲǹŮƽŮӳ첼¾Ǻܺˡ
ǣȥ첼
ٹţֱ۴ƿһֱֻ۾ͰŮڻһǣӣһֱŮ·ϣԼҸˡ
ֻһСׯҪ첼
ƹʣã
˵ѣ¡
ƹֻ񣬵ϴȴ޲ϸܣȡɫ޲Σ
ˬظǮ¡
ȴһ£ٶƥɡ
ʣΪζ򣿡
һգҹάĺü·ӣŦۣˣҪ򣬲ֱӶƥ㲻һˡ
õһۣݵ˵ҾͲҪǷˣ㲻ϴҸ˴ҵɹ١
˰죬ȥ·ϣȴܺãǣֻؼң·һǺ«ģһ߱߳ԡ
􅱿ղ֣۰Ͱ͵ؿ
ǵñƵĹЦԵһʣ£ŵݵ􅱵߷ָԡ
􅱽ųʣµǺ«ʵòã¹ñɽ̫ᣬȴòɡ
լһڹӣ˯ϣŴܵعȥϺͻʹ
䵹û°Դڹլ􅱲ɣÿ춼пչȥ
ļĿ죬ֲҪϸ廨Ųú˲Ƭ¡
􅱵ÿչҪ˵ǼúãֺŪҵˡ
ֲͷÿ㣬ȻϲϺˡܴˣҪǾҷòãԼ¡
􅱴Ȥӣ
ֱ׳㰮ȢȢ
ĸ˵ҪЦشȥҪȢģҷѣʲôҶϲ
¾㱸ֻǷ硣
ʲôﱸˣˡ
ڹ͵͵֪ûмг􅱵У벻ˡ
˵˳ɣֻ£һˣҲ˵ȥȻû˵һˡ
􅱱ȥ˻塣
˳ԣǵǸȤãұæ
ڵ˻ա
ףС˼ҳ׶㲻ϣҲҵ䣬䴩ϼ£լһϲ̧ΧլһȦˣɹٴһŵĴϲҲ˷ۣͦأϲ
ԺʱܴլûۿֻϲֽԶˣֽҲȲ˶ãļ١
˳ҲӦشһѣӳЦ㼱ʲôֲͷһسס
􅱵ǵһ ôû
ƼĽӻ޲óȥӭ
ӵǰͣȣýŵһ˸סһߣֶڷ
ԼÿһǲƶˣΡ
ĻȫͬǱϲֺףΧţʶ˿ʮ꣬ǣİСߵϲá
ûݻûţûйء
ǻʵۣ䲻ǻʹֻһమŮ
˾ǵһء
һ£ء
ݸá
ٰĻ塣
޶԰ݡ
վЩվȣַһѣúЦ俴ȥȻʵҲܼɣĸŮӳײأ
˳ϲռɣԵޡһõԼԵᡣһƣ˼ңչ࣬㡣԰ͷ֮Լ㣬ýҶ֮ˣԧס֤1ã
ףʣ˾ǰθɣ붴
ͷӦһȦûһ̣ͼػϲ
ţôˡ
Ӹźͷ˶ϲϡ
һʱ䶼߽ȥվűֻǸΣһˡ
侹ȻԸ޸
ֻ⼸ˣηϸȴΣôǻ䡣
ûнҿͷҲϳ
ϵϲӣǰ˺ͷ
Ÿ٣Ϳðװ׵ģ촽úģ΢΢̧ͷչһЦɡ
䡣
̲סؿһȴ֪ηй䡣
վ
˫֣ɵһֱֻ֪ضɵЦ
ִҲ֪˶á
ʱڴ˿ͣͣ􅱻㱾ԼǸʽСӣҲֻǸ۵СŮ
ǻ䱻ܲˣ˵ϽȽưɡ
һţԣԣҪȽơ
䵹ƣݸһԼһ˹ֱۣͷ¡
Һƺ̡
􅱼ú޲ȥȦһǻͣȴ֪йԵñ׾ɵЦغ䡣
˵ڡ
䡣
ţ
䡣
˵ʲô˵
˵Һð㣬䡣
俴޿κһ˵֪
􅱵ģȴû˵һ֡
ǣϣϣͷļ򣺡ɣ𶯣ұһòá
һ̵ӵ޹ֻ˵İھڡ
κһεĴ֮¶㡣
һԣȴеԼļеʪˡ
􅱺Ц˵˰ߣ
Ҷ˵ˣҪ㣬ȸòãһΪ󡣡
䣬ҵһμ㣬;ƯСҵСָССھ˵ˡ
û˵͵͵ءšһ
􅱼˵˵ղϳװһգ㣬㴶ջ𡣡
أҪҪӹ
ҾûǲҪˣҪڣΧתûմˡ
أੲݵ˵ţһ䶼ûء
˵˵ţϵǹǦһػסˡ
ŸоԾᵽѪζ
оһȵҺֱϣͷһΪǻᣬȴһκںѪ
⣬ŽӲذѻĻ䷭泯Լ䵹ıںѪĲྱǰ󣬽􅱵ļҲȾʪȾˡ
ʶʲô˫ֹסطͣȥĨϵѪôɾʲô䡣
ھȥҽھȥ
􅱰ᱧ
俿ҡҡͷ˵ûõģϽǰĶҼ˿ɾҡ
ýȥ̫ż˲£ȴһţˤڵϣǵҪѻ令ڻ
􅱱Ҫ·һ£лҪ˵
􅱷ʣҪ˵ʲô
ڵϣ§ڻ
þһϸ˿һ˵Ʈɢˣ˵ңҲʹΡ
ڿԸˡ
Ҳ
ˣ檱΢һУֻʣҵһģʵڲ׸
ӵɽĺ˰Ӧȱġ
ΪʲôҪأ
۾ߵƮԶ
֪ģͻȻμʱ£ʱǶС􅱷Ҫһʫѧ˺􅱿
ʫ
磬̾һһ顣
ٰݳԸ
һԸɾǧ꣬
Ը
Ըͬ࣬곤
֪ΪʲôҪʫܾе㲻̧꣬ͷ۾һգգԼղ֪ľͷ
􅱿áҵý㡣
ɵʣʲô
􅱷ɿһգͨ죬ð􅱵ԴϣҲȥˡ
ĵĬĬ
Ըͬ࣬곤
Ҫˡ


84 
ʹͻȻ졣
һֱ˵᧿Σ̫̫󻹵һ, ˺ӡʥ費˥ĻʹȴԤ׵ްˡ
ֻд˶̶̵һ仰ʹϣʮߣ³, ߶䡣
ʹȥ, 䣬Ҳֹһʹ, ֹһʹ, ϡ档ǰгΪʹʢ, ĵʱʺ֮󣬻ɳޣ˹ء
ʹԼ˷ӡʺû, Ҿ䣬ΡȴûϵʹͻȻû, һⶼӭж, ˶һ
Ȼ󣬻ҲŲˡ
Բڴ, ߲ѡ
􅱼ǲ£ļģֻһЩ϶Ƭ˵ʲôԼȴԼˣһû
ǵԼŻܳȥѪվſ, ȴ֪ĸȥȥҴ򣬲ֻ޴룬ֶͣ
ڴʱ˿̣ϵĻȨôԼ֮䣬һ΢ĳʲôˡ
ֻһ˿ǣ˸Ͻȥҽںҹһ·ۡ
ѻ䱧ڻҪůȥ壬ַǣͣضԻ˵䣬䣬ѣҴȥҽ
һõģ˯òã
ڹ׻ȥأòãѧẰ
㲻ϲұ㲻ϲɣòã
㣬˯
۾Ұ
䣬ˣҰҰ
ȥ̫ҽֱ֣ȥ̫ҽҡ
ҽһҹĶ˯ˣͻȻզţѪرŻʹš
ҶʣϽʹһ̽Ϣ
˶͸ˡ
ҽҩ⿪ˣʲôҪԣ׼ˣ޶׼
лʹް
˽ҪҺ˳ڣ£ɱʲôãɱܻ𣿲ͽɱ˵±Ͷ˼ҵ̥
ҪΪ㵱ţ㻹Ҫź𣿡
һ˽ȥҸȥһһҽ㣬˶й
ҽԷز𣺡£ҽ߿ɾȻˣȴܻˡ
۾죬ͷңǱ
ѵȻ֪ˣ˭ȲˣǰĻ仹ǺúõģֻǱ۾ѡ
ôأ
ֱ䣬߳ӣʶʹķȥ
ΡʵĹǽĹ⡣
ˡ
ҲˣѻԼؿڣҲɲˡ
Ǹǣںڰ乬СﴩУ͵͵ǵСˡ
عڵϣ˽§ڻĶͷؿ
иС۾Ź⣬˵ض˵ҵϼڽϵһСҼǰһСϪȵʱҳ˹ȥ뿪һŮӣ̱ŮӶʶ֣ÿճϢеϡ
ΪȻЦ˵ǺãҾũ򣬸ǵŮֲ⣬
лȨΣһСŮӵס
סһһģ˶УԼס
Ҳ޷ҽˡ
ҩǻԼµģҲ׿ιµġ
􅱿վǰÿɲ
ʶ˵˵˰ɣͲʺϵһʵۡһǻѡ㣬Լȥ
ÿһʵ۶һ˭⸱ģ
􅱵ͷԼѾʼˡ
վڻ֮ǰֳ㶼ڴ˴ץȣҪϡ
£类ʬסöô¶ϵ
􅱱ۣһƬ̶֪˶ãϡиڽɣɡ

ۣڿ
ʮʱ䡣
һ£ߴٵûȥˣȥĻҪ˷ˡ
㶵ʣʲô
üڿɵӣǰͨ
ԹϻȥҲ􅱵Ŀ⣬ȥʼ·
ˣѾֲлʵ˰ĻһҪ߾ͻţΣٶһҲǺõġæӱס䣬䣬ߡ
䲻ͷ˵ߵ£ˣٲȥҪʺ﷢ˡ
عͷһʲôôҪ˵ӡ
􅱺۾˵μˣǰ
Ц£ʲôⲻǺúõ𣿡
ʵصΡ
չһ£ˣɵˣΣ˰ɣ
˵μɱˡ
ǾúܻƵ˵ɱôɱҲŲءʲôΰ
ˣſҰɡ
Աסţ˵䣬ǳװɡҵӣòãȥҸ󡣡
úЦϴβǻʺҵλСŮ̫˼ҺôС㣬һǸʹǩū澶ѡ
􅱼æ˵ҲֻǹŮĻӰ
˵Цˣ㲻ҪʵȢŮޣôʵۡ
˵ھȥ󸸻ʡҡ
졣
ǣȥ˻ϣϾȻǳס
ײ£С
Ϊһӡ
һ˽̣ܻӣȺöɷҪúá
˶ĽԾ֦ͷ˸ɷ
䲻䣬ɪ޶һȥ̤࣬ɺɣϣնѩ
Ķرѩɰ
􅱶Դ㡣
ãá
Ѿ˼ƽⲻΣ̫ϲˡ˸ʵȨɢүȢ˻ӣûбˣֻ丧ᷢü
˵ݵֲͣӣϲͺˣŲ
ð
޸ӣҪײ롣
ȴּһѣ࿴ֵۣʣʲôѣôǸСŮ޴ġ
˵ǰġ

˭
􅱻һ£ٻع񣬷Լվڿռ˵Ĺ֮У䴩һ£Ѫ
ӵĿҰĶС
ڿޣ
һȳһѪ۷©̫ۣһƬ
ˡ
ˡ
˶˵ˣҪҲˣ˭ܣû͸һȥˡ
􅱻ĿڻǺۣҡ


85 
, ˮһȺ̫ҽ޲ߣһЩŵķ, ˵Ĺ, ⣬Ҫ취ѻǽл
̫̫ͷչ, Ҳ޷Ӧ, ˳İС, ӵҲ֪ǲûûΣڴϻԲѣֻذһ˫۾Բ, ٿˣȫ÷ʲô
˳Ա˵, ޡ
ޡ
˳Ǹ۵, ССƨ, šۡؿ޵֪Ҫȥúίһޣ˶׻Ҳ˵ˣǽû, û
ޣûһϵڶ˶
˴ϲ
˭뵽սıڶжȫˣȻΪһŮ˵ЩĶأ
һѹϽҪ˰ѿֵԺ
һ˫˻˫ֿʼᡣ
ƽû޹Σ޵һξǱƭعǴΣ𣿡
Ϊֻһ룬˵ģʱѾĴ־
ڴ˺üգǸѾͷ㱧
޵ףС޺ˣһˣҪһǵһμŪˡԼ۽ǻᣬɵɵؿ􅱣ա
ÿο׺һ׾ģ¡
㶣ʶѧ䣬˫Ŀ˵޴󰭣¡
һˡ
ûˡ
􅱱Ů˸ʹ죬˼ѣڴߣ˽ݡ
ʣϿҪòͣδʳ̫ҽ˵ܳԵ̫õһٳԴˡ
􅱵أ޲
⵹ҲŹֻ֣ģһҲûö
ʱһûУԺԼĹһ㣬˹ߵⲽĻ·ȥɢү
ʹԴһû׵Сֲǲ֪ǻǹľֻʣŮˣû
ʣ˯˼գ
̫ҽǰ£ա
ףͷֻۣûȫУͣʹأ
һʱ䲻˵˵ϲ̫ҽԺҽˡһʹΣ巢ʲôҲֻ֪Ϻͻʹ͵͵ȥԭȻúõģȻͻȻʹûˡ
ΪǻˣϽȥͷʹʹްˡ
ƽش𣺡֪ʻʹʬأ⼸ջԣʹ¾û˴𣿡
亹ðˣСһһصԵ⼸գ̫̫˳ٰ죬ʱʹʬͣڻׯּᡣ
􅱵һ̸
˳ݡ
ˣ􅱱ȶԻǳһҾл嵣
˳Ͻһϵһл²ض񡣡
˳żɽ˵øϽˣȣˣűʬҲŲ˼աͣգˡ
׼ģޣ͵͵ͻϼҰ᣿
ˡ
˵ΣҪˣҪϼأڵԣһԲ
ͬͬѨĴ˿ǧٿףٱͱһ
롣
ǿɵÿˡ
ʣûװɣȥһۡ
˳ȷҪȥй任ѣ´磬ͣöգʬһʼˡȰ㻹ǱȥˣǰôһˣǵʱҪԼԸⱻ㿴óªģ
ͷʹ˳˵е
˳룬ǽԣ֪㲻ᣬƽ࣬òˣøΪɡ
􅱿Цһ֪ˡ
ȴý
Ъ˰գ仹ûж⣬࣬һЩۣźдһʥּȻʥּȥ˴
ˣһֱһ·û֡
̫̫ӭϴ󲡳ľˣ
􅱵׷Ϊʺ̫̫ʥּϸǷӡ


86 
̫̫һ䷴ԵĻδ˵, ֱӽ˽ӡȡָ¡
ˣӡŻغ, Դص˶, ׷ʺкã
̫̫ʣ׷ʺŮأô, ˼ҵҡ
治ɫصҵСĸΪŮ, ޻ӷһͷ, һʼױˡ
̫̫ЦһЦʲôҪʲôûõ
̫̫һС, ʣǹأ㽻ĸӸ
㲻ȢΪҲΪ󣬵ȵʱѹ̺𣿡
􅱲˵, Ȼ⡣
̫̫Ȱ, ƣر۾ڰ, ڴϣ˸ˣ߰ɣҵһģһУùܡ
һ񣬰
ȵˣļ˯ˡ
􅱽ʥּ䲼ȥԾ
ᶼ᲻, ˶ˣټӶķʲôãٻҲòˡ
ʹﻹмΪ˼ᡣ
һ˵ˣ˵ңһŮ빬һ·йתΪһ쵱ϻʹ»ʳŮȴͻȻްˡ
ۼ¥ۼͣۼ¥ˡ
׷⻳Ϊʺ󣬲Իʺ꣬ҲЩ׼ˡ
йʱС鷿ȽѻյŽҪĿˡ
һ룬ԭ˯ŵͻȻ
􅱸æȥӡ
ţ֪ô庢Ӻãǰڵʱ򶼺úõģڻ壬ȴֹסˣſŲˣ􅱸ҪһͻȻеһȣŷˡ
􅱹˲ԼĻ·˰С·ùɾ·
ȻԼԲϴһ£һѣ侲˵ǵû˵ܹԣǿˣҪҪ̡
ûһֿʼޡ
룬һǸιˡ
􅱽˸ι̣֪ôˣǲϳԣֿޣ֣ͣغ
޵ͷۡ
⸾ˣСôˣ
±֧֧˵СˣҪιҪιҲйء
һ˵􅱾ͱᣬףҲӰ
ȥҰ
ҲͰˣôö»ôСأ
􅱰ˣˣڶϣŵ޺ˣˮͷҲ㣬鶼޳ˣԼĨ˰Ūģһ㶼ССؤ
ڿЪˣֻǻʣá
۵òɣһֿˣС־·
Ҫ䡣
Լˣʵ޼ƿʩͱ̹Сòڰ˯ˡ
˯Ҳ˯ţҽúϢһһһϲ֮»ӣһ뵽ģҹҲ޼£¡
⼸նѻҲûꡣ
һˣӶŷŪһ׺һһһιԣٺ庢˯
һ˴Сգýͷö˵ǹޣӣҲȫֲܣûоֹ
շת尾
􅱱޿ߵΪ
޿ߵŮѾˡ
ֻֻʵūͣ͸ôƱȴ֪ðЩװĹ֮С
ܸˣΪܼˡ
ǱСϣֿûҵף˱죬ֿʼޡ
ֻøϽְĪˣҪɥˡ
􅱱Ĵȥ뵽Ѿûиһ԰أ
􅱷κУһһⱻѹñš
ó飺
Ƶ£ſּ㣬ʷȿ룬࿴ᣬдһ⼫ƽļ飺
ɣһγΪɡ
ڿʱӦѾˣҴ治۾ϣڴл
԰ҽʶ񽫽ʮ꣬ҴӲֻһΣϣͻϼҰᣬһҶ
Ŀڽʹ۵ü
ⶼˣͱһװӶС
ˣҪҲɽꡣ
һֱŶԴ˴ա
һպ󣬿յĽ˿ľװŷڷۣ˻ꡣ
ע⵽һ˴Źǻͣ뿪˾ǣǰϻϼҡ


87 
뽭ôԶ, ֱʬȥᣬض·ϸòӣ􅱻ǾȽ, ǻ, ͻؽϻϼҰᡣ
ǻϼȫ˶ˣֻʣŮһ, ȴҲɨĹݼ, Ҳдؼ, ൱ؼһʹˡ
ȥ𻯣߽Լ࿴һ۶ܲס
׷ʺ֮󣬻лʺĻһŽ˹ײ, ϼûʺеģһӦ˽ȥʺ۲ȻԼǼ, ǲ, Ľߴ嶼Ҫʮ幤꣬һ, ϵÿһ鶼ǰ˷ֻԲ飬ô౦Żʬһ͵͵ˡ
һղ꣬һӵĹǻҡ
ȥ𻯣ûޣļϣ֪ʲô
Сɵӣ֪֪û˰
ʲôˡ, Ц¶ŸտʼðİɫСɵЦС֣
һЦˡ
һƬۣʵ˵ЦأزˡﲻҪˣҲҪˡ
ֻʣǸŮˡ
˽͵͵ģû֪ϻĹײѾͽ˻ĻʺڣУ֮󣬽ۺᡣ
ֻ˻¡
ۼһ˴ŻĹǻȥϡ
ĩȥһƾơ
˳ղϳ㻹չʲôƣ
ʹ˵һѣһѡ
ڰѻǰǸСͽѩչ֪ˣŮӶԻ¿ɼػǸ澣˭ԣӣϲŮӣҸƯĽ㱧ˡȸһҪЩ
ʵûӣ􅱶ִŮԸ֡һڱӰ֪̫谮ŮδƲߣ⹬дʱʵ۵ĳ谮ĹŮô͸׽¸鵭ʾһ͵ӣ뵽ʱøҲôϣԼĵǸ߸ϵĸ
ֻͷȾƣҲܾƺþƻȵһԲ
뻳֮£˿˵Ҳ˵ֻͣطۻ
ıﵽ˼㣬ֺȵˣŵ͵͵˵һ䣺ʶ˶ʮ꣬һʮ꣬Ϊ˺ööܾ࣬Ӧõġ
ҶԲ
ݰƭңٵˣҪƭ˵һҲҡҾƭңңôֻĵԾңôҾˡ
˳ҶԼͻʼʵߵ̫ˣҲԶһźáƽմлŮȫȻûдֻùȻ鷳ҺǸϵʿϣ
ֻ䲻ȵȰٺȵɣջûȥʵۡһʵۣӦúȵࡣ
ʶ壬Լֱߣûһʣأأ
ϽվҪȥҲ˵ŮǱŻˣҡҡλΣֱ߶߲ˡ
˳˵˯ˣƳǱȥˡ
􅱱ƺһЩ
˳ʣȥأȥʺ׷ˣǼ̺أС㱻㷢ˣûСҲгССɣһ޺󣬶㻹ûжӣûˣұŮ
􅱳ĬҹɫϣǸһڵӣã˵˵Ϊ꣬ǲȥܿЦ
˳ҭһ£Ҳֻ􅱵׻壬ԸҺͻʵ˵Ǻܻƣϡ
ʵ޷􅱵ΪˣڻǰΪʲôأڻˣһʲôã
˳ί˵ԴΪذɡ
һҲû˵һ̬ɣΪؽҲûУֻΪǻʵۣԵúϡֲġֻ͵͵Ϊء
һֱûȥ룬˵һͻŮʱʲô飬ǷҹߡŮӣ΢ȴδԼܵ裿ȻʲôԹû˵ǿĲһģճ¾֮Уһһػ˻ҡ
ֻװɵմմϲΪһж⡣
˳˵˵ҪΪ̫̫꣬⣬ûһˣ̫̫ҲûˣֵТ꣬صô𣿡
£ǻʵۣԣЩҲǲҪŵΪá
˵ί񣬶˵統һ
뵽ԻµŵԣƽʧŲ࣬ж˻ϣһһεضԻŵһһεطڣΪƤɻȥ

˵ǵŻ뿪ʹ˽ϣһãûΪӣã
ϣţϣԼġ
ˣٷк壿
ҪǻûԼҲ֪ĻҪںֵܶº֣Ψߣǰ̫ǿˣǸ¸ҵŮˣҪıŮӣҲûʶ
ΪֻǸ䲻ϵİ£ΪֻϰŮߣһʵıӣһ·еش֮Уû챦ôأǱز١һ޿Ůˣĵ
ԼˤˣѳƬݺݵ᲻ðγþһΪֹ
գּ
􅱷쳣ƽǰܲμʣԶȥһһ˯ͻһͻİȡ
ˣû˻ٰج
ڳЦ֮ʣȻΪһŮˣ㿴˵㲻ʺϵʵ۰ɣǲǺڵʵˡ
ͬ􅱼Ȳ£ҲĻţ˵ҷֻ˵ĲһΣһǻѡ񵱻ʵۡ
Լ϶һУı𽣣һʵԴնˣǻʵۣʵϣʲôʲôϲԺǧҲֻһˣƾʲôأƾʲôַҪűĻʵأ
ʵԴعϣȻգ˵ȴ˵иʵ۵ģˡ
ʱҹ
ȿСͺ˯һŴϣͽϡ
ҹ˯ˣ˭չģǾûûصС˯齣ٴһЩˣڷŪŴ˯ǲԣ޲ðĹŮߵĴġ
ȥϳҪһ
˵һأһУҾһֻ۱һֻˣСܹԣ֣ڸʵĻ˯ҪôǶضŰٹ١
ֻ̫ɰˣ̲סҪ࿴ۡ
³ûѣŴ򿪴ͷһ
װһ״ɹޣȥϵĻĹǻҹһģһһԡ
ĹǻûȫȥϣһѾȥˣһ
ûһ˿ҳ􅱻Ѵɹó˲ÿҹﶼҪ͵͵óһ¡
ͻ˵˵
䣬֪Ǹ˽ˣڿ϶ڵҰɣ
û꣬ġ
ֻ¶ȥˣͺͶ̥ȥˣҹûʮʮ꣬ʱץʱͶ̥Ҳϲ㣬ֵô
ҾҰɣκϵȵңʱˣ˰úȥһͶ̥
±ӰҲѡڻʼңǾоһͨͨķޡ
˵꣬ѹӷŻȥ
һ˵һǰԵ֪ģ㱻͸ˡ
ǵʱҪҪټңɡ
±Ҹ㵱ţⱲΪôࡣ
ʵˡ
Բ􅱲С˯񳪵ôãˣҪ
˯ԺС֣􅱰ԼĴȥʵ̫Сˣղסֻ֣סһָֻ˯ҲŲţ˯ˡ
һĶͷΨԸ³ѵ䡣
ֻˣҪƽƽسѽ
~~~
ǵĳ
լԺ˹ı
׵һŮӵҾòˣְ˽͵Ĳ˶ãӶѣȥҹʱزܴʱǺʱ
һڹҲϡ棬ִΣкܶӺܶŮһ⹬һСҲ֣ˡ


88 
ɫһƬ, ѩ޵һ㶯ˡ񱻻ֱᵽǬ幬СŮ, 絽ʱصغ, Ȼ࣬йеū澵, вأ
˵, СǹùõŮ, ź÷ǳġ
ѩǺ¶ߵģһȴûн޹, ӷԸ˰ˮ׼õ¸ϡСϴ޹ϡ·ĸOO@@, С˵춯, ϲ֪С˵ʲôСЦ, Ůжˡ
ѩ䰲صţ˵Ůܶʱòź򣬻ϴС飬ȻƹʣҲûйλʵ۳谮ŮֵزȻС˯ϡ
ÿҹϸС裬ԺС˯, ˯֮󣬾ҹСˣóԵġ졢֮ģԵĶôҪźһСòš
ʱ˯ǰϻ׼СһҪ·С
ѩСΪûϵΣҲǬ幬˵зĹŮһڻһǲŸҽȥ
ϻ£Ůȥϻ·ѩȥչССһϺĹȹСѶúܣСӳ죬һ±һѰĺӣ˻ѳߴԷſһЩܴþһ㡣
СͬзǱ߻⻮ʮСѣÿѮҪѣ˵ʮÿһһͷβԣն´
˵ǲϣõĶϵȵ˿ڼޱʺСӴˡ
Сѧ·ѩɰһţ˯ѣѻѻϸͷ˯ġ
Թһ棬οյ̣Ϸˮļͼװ£嶣С
СͱźҲźˣѩ·ѩ̲סҶһ·Ҫ죬ˣ֪ҪԼŽŴССЬӡ
·ѩٱȥͷСôСͷ˶ģǲúᣬͻСʨһúһ˳һ˳ԺСˣҲͬһһѺͷ
ᵽһ롣
Ѿۣһ̶벻ƵĹıŮСϰߵ˻һۣԼȥˣӾ֮ĸʲûȤ
Ͽѩͷѩ䲻еţý˵㣬Сûһüͷϼˣȴĵز˵һЩС
ѩֻ÷һЩССʲô𻻣ֻúСǰգСڶ˶С«СԴһ˳
ˣСССҽŷһΧžĵһ࣬װԲԲѩӣƤƴƣ͸һķۺ죬һ˫۾ú׺ִֺͫڣڻСҲóǸɶõСӣרòĵطԼˡ
ĵصŮ·ͷϱѩ£Ůȥš
ҪιιŮԷ
Ҳ֮С̣ҵʱҲˣԶ̡
϶һ뼦øСӣһһ׵ιԣ߳Էߣһͷˣһӵݵߣü
ҲԵ̫ˣҪιڣСཱུСִȥ
ϵĶֹסˣڵһʱǱסһ
ڱźĶú¡
ٳ谮ŮϾǻϣôܱðأ
ѩϽͷϣūźСŰɡ
ȴͷϴϵأǳˡ
СһûµģԼģϰߣùŮ˵ˣȺúóԷ
Сü򡱵˵ţȥ򣬼߱ż
ͷץŵ·򡣡
ϲ
СǽԵ˵
˵Է
Сԡ
Ҳǿι£С̧־ˤ롣
϶û취ֻðˣǵ׼һЩģȻС˸ԡ
ȻչСȥϳ
СԻѧʱͱʱȥϳͼֲ֣ҲǸС˵˵ÿҡڵĻһȺ岮үүҲ᷸öƵģýζż䲻ðڳѧĻģ
ץϣСû֬ˮۣץһԪץһӡ£􅱻ֽкá
ô죿һС¡
̲ס룬ͻŮ˴ӱͨĺӾǲһ
䰮󳼳ܣһ֣ԽԽ֣Щࡣ
ΪҪ
ԭһܾͷģŮһЦҲúЦҲûôˡ
˵糯ϣ˭
ֻСңŮ˷ָĵزСڻ·ˡ
СסһһȦһҪȥӶˣõûصسԣ㡣
Ϊ˲ٺˮʳĳŵꤣֲܸһСƽϣССǸŮ
ƫС˿ɰҪҲ
ͷǲ̹̹
Ȩ㣬ͷصıԽ¶ڴϲΥƽԽ⣬ûȺùԼʲô
³ȥ鷿£顣
Զİϣѩ俴š
żҲᱧŮ£лһ񣬾ͱһɰһưϣСԼԼСҲͿˣ̧ͷԵЦ
ֻǹغµȴ棬ѩԱߣѧҲҪ飬Ҳ􅱾ͽ˻ͼӸ
鷿Գ֡
􅱴ˣȥŮһ飬ÿɺˣɫùЦ
ƤӰϷ􅱾Ūһӣ˸дʺСӶĻӣרŸݣÿ춼Ҫ
޿ߵϷ
ʱŮ˯Ǭ幬ʱ˯޿ߵ޿ߵŮ˲ˣʲôû䣬ͺ仹һ
տˡ
ͶŷͷƵ
􅱷Ů棬ãһ֪ȥˡڲŮԺǣܵȥϱȥȥȱ裬ЩŮҲܱ̽ûбҡ
²ϼ˾¡
㷭һţȻǺɵӡ
룬ѩйչСص룬֣˯ȻǬ幬ˡ
ѩ䱧һͼԱдֵıӣ֡
û˵ȣĶðһЩ£һֺܼ
һССŮȻҪԡ
ѩ俴˿һָָ֪һֻͼѼѧ˵ѼѼѼѼСܻûԼʱ䣬Ѿʼӿ졣
ҪС͵ȥùá


89 
δ, Ա֮ٳţϲ, ǰȥ̫̫󴦳д, ԽԺҲȥˡ
̫̫ԼԺﳭ, ˵Ĺ
􅱹һ, ΪӲ, Ҳûٶӡ
ùţ􅱽ԣɻδʣ􅱱˵˯ɡ
ɫ, ҲʺԹԣȴ˵檻˯⣬檳˯ɡ
˱һһ, ġ
ǸĻŮ, ָʲôϷȥ, Ҳû
ЩŮ޷ǺӺ͵λ޼Щÿȥ뷽跨ֶΡ
ҲǣʹˣһֱŻϵŮûˣճͷλá
־, ˭һߣ
һٵУ˵շӡ
һʱϵɽ軨Ƶģ䣬ò࣬ˣǰһۺдʲô
һȴ㲻ôڳҵľġ
ɵǳʺģʺŵұ㳭ҵľġ
˲ʱ
軳Ϊ𣿻䶼ˣҪȺŮãһ㶼ӱŮ˿䡣
ɼã΢΢һЦˣ檲Դȡڱµ˼
􅱵صΪʺ󳭾ģһƬģ޹ֻһ֮˳ûʲôô
ɵֻ¶ѡΪĸұжࡣΪʺ󳭾Ҳͼʲôֻģʱˡ
صϻ룬ʺȻʺȷʺ󣬵Ͳˡ
룬ʺڹʱʶ˵
ҾҪΪ
􅱾Ĭͷһشӱӿ˸䣺㾴ʲô
ɼϴֲ֪ʺļ£ÿ¸ŷȴвͬ
һˮƽ޹ϲ֬ˮۣʺһЩƵ֬ˮۣʱµĻأȴܾɡϲ飬黭ϲԸ񣬶ٽһݡ
δѹңÿҵ鶼⡣һأʹΪʲôҪǼ飬˵ϲӦҲϲ
ҿҵ飬ٲˡ
Żм棬֮ǰѷӡ䣬ȴûȥôܺ󹬵ģйúã⹬ŮһûȤĻȥ
Ǽ¹Ҳûʲô£ƺ˲ѷϢؾͱԸȥˡ
һ뵽;ͷʹ
˵ҪӡȴֺŪÿҲûҵҵǸ͵ġ
􅱼ǵԼлظ俪Ц˵Ūˣ仹ֱ׳سˣʹԼĹأֲֲʲôԼվ˶ơѵҪұ첻ɣһûǱ¡ӡ˭öһǷŸǶɡ
􅱾ǫ飬Ҳ˭˷ӡ˶ģֲûū顣
䣬Щ
ؿܣʺ˵ʲô˵˵
ɵûʲôˣֲϤ
Ƕ˵ʺأȴףȴòȻһ㡣
ʣʺʲô飿޿
ɵϡ
ߵȥŵ飬ʫ飬μǣҲĴ滰ݸһЦͰ¡
޿ߵҲ࣬ѻڹԾԻ䣬ƽﻳҪ鿴飬ŻȥżץŻ俴ޱǻԲȴҪ˹һ
Լϣкͻմߵ¶ͻ᲻ɶƵһܣȴ̲סȥ롣
Ż䣬􅱵̬ȱºࡣ
ƽصǰҲ˶ʼɡһʱͿ´¡
ҷֻʺһں
⣬ɫȻѿʹţס졣
û˵²⣬ʺ󲢷Ϊȥٻˡ
ֳһס죡
ɹȥȴ˵
ж̾飬ڵУɱǶҵ߲óʺؿݣȴ³ʵĲ̣ԲţҪɱģ顣
˵꣬˸ͷȴû檳ԲѷðϣǴ踣ڿԷˣ檸Ըܷ
ȴǰ¶ת֮䣬ƽʲôأΪ˵ˣ߳ŭ
ʲôã
ûƽҲû죬ȴ˵ͳٷݾģһ겻׼š
ɸøˣ𣺡֪ˡ
ûȤЩŮңѷδ̫ɨˡ
􅱷ȥ߳ţȴջʹϿյҹЩһ
ϱƺԱҪһЩ
޿ߵڵء
􅱸Ͻϻȥżǽѿܻ⡣
޿ߵˣ档


90 
ѩС޿ߵ, û߳ԶӦ˶ûͷ㷢ֹˡ
ԭ޿ߵ˻, ˶ˡ
С˯ǰ, Сһ㣬С˯ó
, , ·Ʋ, ӳҲ̫Զ
ôŻأ
ѩļ١
˽⹬еĹأһűضƽոӽ䱸ɭϣŰҲˡ
ҪҪأٰԭȵļƻ, ǲǻ¶סνͣ
ѩ̧ͷһ۳Ļ⣬˫ֽһ, 촽, һҧ
ѩС, Сأ˸ǷĻ˸ƣ˯ˡ
С۷޿ߵķ
ƲɶƵӿѩ仹δ߽͸оˣĴӵľȻ֮, ̫ҡ
ںСأҵС𣿡
~~~
˹ȴһ㶼ȣ䡣
Ѿû˻䣬ҪŮûˣôأ
۵þסؿڵ·ѰѾСڽˣûҵ
ۿŻңʵڰ಻ס۾ˣͷԡҪԼȥŮȴͽססϣϣ˼ѾȥѰСˣԼİΣΪذ
ˣ̧һصضȥɶĿϣŻһѪԵء
˭Ҿûϳ𳡣ϵʧǹغΣ˵Ĳһ㣬Сٵûϵĳ谮ҲֻǸСǸһ࣬ǸСӵСеĺز۵Ķȥˡ
СˣҲûܰˡ
˭סأһʪ磬壬ֻøһȥ
ʵҪطңѾѰˣȴŲֻıǲģ©ǸطҪȥһ顣
ҵĻ༸Ҫ½ǣҪȼȥңȴûڴҵҴ£ҲûУѰһȦżزˣȥأ
ѩ䲻ǿѩأһѩӳ˰ɣ
ʱ˺££Сȳˡ
æӻгͷе㱻ˣҲմۣ˲Щһʱȥ
ѩرѩҲбյĺۼѬһͷϻеˣǱ
􅱴аӹæ鿴£ȴûһˣˣص
ʧãϲ
ѩصū澼˻𣬸ϽС뿪ȴСˤһӣιȥˡūдʹܾˣ롢𷣡
˼ѵŮĶͷһڣѩ˵δ֮У㣬ҲᰲȻԼˣȴһ˶ûܣԼ㻤Уȭȭġ
ѩǵûܷ򱣻С˼ͣȴ̾
λᣬҲ֪ʲôʱŻл԰С͵ȥ
ⳡһֱ
􅱱Ůۿ޿ߵҽˣ˶֮˲ȥȲ޿ߵе챦ֻȳ֡
뻳ʱණ֮һ档
Ҳ࣬µģջˡ
ûˣٵãĹŮžͺˡʧԱԭ򻹴֮顣
􅱾δǬ幬û˯⣬ɵϢ
̫ҽ˵Сֻ˯ˣǿһյķӣСԺιȡ
һҲ֡
ղŸȥ£һ;Լ·ҪˣѾ˲ͷҲ£ͷҪȫˡ
􅱲ǲ֪Լĳ谮δͷ簮
ڻûԺΨһ㣬Ը㡣
ȻĻͳױ˻ʵۣû􅱵ĲˡǻʵۣҲĸס
޿ߵʧ֮³һ֮ƺֻǸ⣬ֻҹĹ˳ͷһ顣
ȴֻ̫Ǹ⣬ôôɣǡڵʱʧ
Ȼڱº֣Ʋ谮Ҫ
⹬Ϊ˳谮СºֵĻԼϹ
ʱرϣԼиĸԼֻǸܹûУĸʺ󣬸ҲѵҲҪԼĺ
ô谮𣬵ȴ˶෴Ҫӳ谮ǣôҶ֪Сͷ⣬ڣû˸һë
Դ֮􅱸ӱӰöԼ̫ѶϣȲҺ󹬣ҪȥװģŻѰÿɳ֮㺦ıŮ
ԣ֮󣬳磬ܽߵģʱһɲ̤󹬣ᵥȥҹ
С߳ѩ仹ڣŮĻһϸĵģ࣬书ǿĻְʮʱܱСİΣ
ȷСκΣա
˶֪ǻϵ飬ˣΪԼһι̵ġϻӡԱ޿ߵʧ𣬻ԼϧԼİΣҲҪȥŮɼʰŮһƬȭȭȸ֮ġ
һλϵһνȻͬȵۺŮ࣬Ҳ࣬вá
»ȴһ»ȻǼ©λģûо̵ȴһ׷ӣҲŮİĿáȻȥĻʺԭ򣬿ƽĶۣʹ䣬мװŮˡ
ϴͷŮЧԱ֮б̲ס⣬ǿŮڻ￴Ƿɵвѵһأ
ǳģǳ϶£ҵŮһЩ벻ּܿϸСɣ϶ˣ˭˵Ů޲űǵ£⾩еĵмǮģҪԼŮʶ֡
˺󻰣Ҳᡣ
ѩȻ􅱵һʹ͡
£Ůٿ֮ͷ˼׵ȵһйټյ㣬һй֣ʹһƷƷףҪСź
ҪȻǸ鱦޳кķţŮҪҳϵˡĻµĲܣʲô⣬ҲԱ֮
±ҪӸһŮٿʼѩǸٺʵѡˡ
е˶ܿйǹˣҶѩᵱһй
ʵĽҲƶŮͯĸѧ֣ΪԸϸֱùȥͽܣȺйĻݵ˻ϵʶһСŮģ
~~~
µ֪ѩ俼ŮٵϢ޲οǺӴ¹ϣֲʧȣŮٶ˵ֻС°ˡ
겻׸ڸ࣬ģڻɤӣһ죬ѲͯһɳƵɤź˵СûܴϵĿػˡ
̾˿Ҳ޷û¾ͺãʱΣҷѵѡֻδݾߣǶʱڣѵȵõĻˡ
׸ʣǽȥô죿
þˣЩˣվ׸ǰ
ֻС¡ǻкü¡
ҩأ֮ǰ֪ԼֻһϾܻһүˣû뵽һӡ
⻹й͵컻ͳԺ˳˶ûա
˵ôСĺӣвûˣ⺢ȴ
ڹҲĴ˵ڳ˹ȻѺ
ҲߣɿǴġ
͵ԼŮ⣬ҲΪùնܺ􅱳ŮǾһʱӦʲôΣա
»Ǵӳɡ뵽ĵײ⸡𼸷ѹȥǡ
ڹеˣһЩֻܴһܳ谮ĹĸŮͱŮӸǿǾֻйˡ
һֱţ취Լ
ˣȴܻ£ֻ˵ôߣƩ􅱵һٱơ
ˣ᲻ɣΪȨƣ޲ޱһ㣬뿪룬ȥ˱ĹҲһĵ
ԼǮԼ˵ŮӻˣҲˣڿʼ̫Ҳðɡ
ʱ͵ǻڹȫĵط
߶Żţʲô£Ҳ֪
֮
֮³˴뿪ǣվڴͷһ۾ǡ
һ֪زܻԸꡣ
֮
ʹ
􅱱Խ飬ʴӱΪصһλʦ̫
˵ԽԽ˳ˣʱʣȥˣ
Ѿ£􅱲˵ʲôﲻҪǸŮĻᱧȥǣ˵װϵŮ·ãСԺͱɽлϣŮȥˡ


91 

ٰ
ͷ, Źʱؽ̶ֵѾ, ߺ, ػëСͯǴһЦشӽֱܹѧʱʵĶ
һ̫ƽ
ͬͨгСȥ, ·Ͼһҵ, ſһСͯ, ѩɰѵͷŹϵĵġ
ϵĳŮ۰Ͱ͵
Цع˹ŮСӣҪԵǰɣ
ҵСҲǲèϻƺҪԵ, ǹիƵĺɻ֡𻨸úáȴ٣ÿżȥʱˡ
յǶ࿴һ, Сͯ, ˣͣȥġ
ͬʮ, Ǻųȡ֮̽ںԺȵذٱţͰػϼ֪أ֮󱻻ߪΪͨУŵְٰ
Ϊ֮·ߵ˳֮ӢҲûи߹ٹҪ׽, ϼһ£ܾ˽ף׵δ޳ס
ȻʧЬΪȫޱûͶκεɣУҪ˹ٳ֮󣬷ƽơ
÷һֱܺãûˣ꣬Ůһӡ
С˼ҳǰǣھʱмسӦ걻ѣ˸Ц˵Ժһ䣬֪ӲǹټС㣬ϼҶŵСĩоȻһʹͣǸӵġ
ȴֻһŮ籦ġ
ڵмǮģŮȥ飬˼벻𵥶ŮŽ飬ŮӣרŮҶõġ
ѹʵĻʺٰȥģд˵Ϊʫ顢֪ԽڶŮУҲд˵ٰʱŮӣ̹ѧ
ٰ֮ǹеһŮӣҷʢ֮ء
ͨҲǵ֮ȥŵ·ϣ˳Ůȥѧá
ĳŮ꣬ѧü£ҲǸĽС㣬ûӸߣһž͸Сָŵģָʹ˵ݣҪһװҵСʳ
ͨоС˵ģЦɰ
ŮߺСͳһƵСʳУԱݹȥװ
ͨŰŮ㣬ǸСкǽţĬĬվһԡ
ܾͨм죬üĿ֮·мֻ֮ȥϤУ࿴˼ۡԽԽСкúãϸƳкӦܺãõ̫ݻֻ޲ѣһϵȵϸޣϴһ壬Ŵ󣬵һƾ͵ǧ᲻ֹ߸ˣϱͣû´ӦǸ̼ҵСӡ
СкƺȾһС°ͼ⣬Щ̬ݣһֱŹ̨þãҲû˵Ҫ
Ҳע⵽ûƯܵܣÿӣ߹ȥԼʳܵܣҪҪ
СкҡҡͷҪײ׼ҳĶҪˣҪѹˡ
˵ܵÿϡ
ͨСк˵ȴǾеĿ˵һںùٻ֪ĸǾеˣǼС˵ٻ
ʱŮӴӸ¥һԴżȥˣ
СкѭСܹȥûܲˣͣ⡣
ͨȥŮӾȻʶģ˸ã׷˺á
Ů΢΢һЦͨкá
ŮǽٰỤ̊ûƺҲ̫׼ȷƽʱ˵һڹٻֻصķԣ˵ʱǱһ
һ֧Լĺ̶ӣˣҲ֪һŮշģÿƷǮֻմɡҶϡ˿ȵȣ˵ȥ
صڣֲؿǮׯӻӣŶС̣ͨп˰˱׷ÿ궼Ҫٸϲ롣
غиۿڵļǶֱʣٰٰ̼ҶǰҪˣ֪˵úܣŮֲֹỤٰ̊ܽǵİлɸɡǮ׬Ǳһˡ
λ׷˿ʮҵͣòƽҲֻվǣ˸оϲ׵ʣ
ͨ˵ƺ޹ˣˣȴӴ򽻵ʱҲһЩõĴţƩ˵֮ġ
治֪׷иôĶӣ̫ˣӼɼλ۰ų£Ů˽εûô
׷΢ЦŶ⣬΢΢䲻Ӧһ
ͨǣŮˣϽϣض࿴һ¡
׷˰ѶӱʣԵİ
кӵͷӵƹһԣڵصСҪʲôģܳƾˡǽ˵֡õ֣ҲСϰɡ
ͣһͼİ˽ǺУװ㣬Ÿ˰׷˵ǼƣүҲࡣ
׷˵жǮͨ롣
Ů͵ŮӣȻȥţڲ񣬸Ƿǡ
дͻؾеӣдͻȻˣ뵽ǸСк˭ˡ
ΪСкģһʱûǳмϡ


92 
ֻͨһ, 
ǻôðأң֮, ʹò֮ҲΪ档
, ӻûȣ֪˵ͨ, ھʱ, ʶ˳£֪ϲÿζ
ͨе˳ٰˣ
֪һѺ, Ҳδ֪һˣ֪˳
ͨе˵ͷҡͷ˳ھʱӼ, δӦ꣬಻֪ϲΡ˳ƽ׽ˣӦѽӴ, ֻҪԶ, 
ֻ֪ˡ
ǰ̫̫
ھ̼˳̫̫֮, ΪĸТ꣬Тڵ˳ʮӣɽķѣòңѡ
ԳƳˣݰǣģȴ, ÿһܵعԱӴ
ĵʿŶǷ¶Ҫ׬ǮãߵĶǳԺ֣ڵƲǸʿˡ
ߣÿһҪһɽɫддμǣƷһʳдһƪʳǡżƪʫʸ踳
ϾǻʼҳǻѧǸдʦ̵ĵӣıԲ˵ǳϲдģµֶΪȤ˿Ҳ·һɽӡƷζ
дӡȥã˳ҲǮյѶȥӼˣŮ顣
ŮӶö飬飬ŻּȤŮˡŮӲͬһ벻
ˣһЩᣬһ̴桱ϵʿȻ˼һʱĳû湻㲻ѵ֮ززˡ
һ·յع䵽ٰ
ԼݣҲϸȥٸӸ֪
ǰڱʶһٰѣٰһ￪⣬ӣֱͽ԰ӷϴԳԺȺȡ
Ҳųţֲʱ䣬˯ղųȥ棬ű֪֪١
عԱԷҲܾʩʩȻȥˡ
˳ڵؾ¥дһ٣㷹֪¥Ҫȥȥġ
˳ȥ˪ɽ
ͨԣɽǰ׷˵һլ
ȻȻһҲûе档
˳ƶŮ٣һŮнΪ档
˳ڱĵطҲֹסһѵļѶ࣬ס˵ˣס˼£ףһ컶ӭסþˣҪˣӲѼҾסߡ
ѲֹһŮҲֹһҲû֡
˳һϮۣͷݣ룬С죬еɷ֮С
׷ڵ¯һСһƣϯϣһ䣬һִҨҨƣˮӨӨģǾɡ
Ա߰Ÿ۽ɣ㡣
˳£ЦҲųԾƻҺȾơ
׷˵ʲôƣˮˣҲˡȻ˵ġ
˳ЩˮԼδģʲôӣû
׷˵ģû٣㳢֣ûٲöˣԡ
˳һƣˬسһáҸôƺʲô䣿ӣǰ׷ˣ
òѰŮʵǻ䣬ڼжݣĿӴѡ
˳껪ƺû̫ۼi֮˼Ҳһģ
⼸ԣüĿ֮ĳɢȥóü۽ȻͲˡ¾Ʊһǽҡ׷ˡɣߡҲɡ
ѾˣھǡҲˣڻꡣ
˳һЦʲôأ
ŮЦң飬޾޸ˡ
˳⼸ںļţ͸½һЩȤĶ߲ˮʳ
˳ýζмȴֻΪɣҶдͼ͸㡣
˳ʣͷôãôˣ
ҪģλΪҵĸ
Ŷԡǰ˵ӲãҽҽΣкת
һЩǴ˵һζҩԵĶ棬Ψеҩʵڲҡ
ʲôҩ
ҪļѪ
˳žƱΣ⡭һĲܰ쵽
ﲻŲæд㡣
ʣ¸±գһٸ
˳һӦ£ºð졣
취û취޿ߵʧ֮􅱿ŮȿӸҲҪŮߣΪԶŶˣҹҲȥˡ
û취ֻһһεգÿȥһңͻЩص鱦Ի壬ȥ
ǴܳĹȱ͵ĶأѩдϲҲڴ
ҹ
ϴɾСŽţıĸһ˯
⺢ӱڻССűСƵģʢģҲˡ
ʱ˶ӹǼ취ҽҽβá
֮ǰһΣһСޣʮ߰ʱûǸӳһģһ
Ск˵ֱᣬѺӽڻԸ֡
ӳ֮СȡΪʧõġ
ظıգϼ˶ˣиԳá
§ŸСӣȴ
ߵʱôСҲǸС֪ͯöߣŽж󣬵ȴܰ뻳Уֻܿȥ뱧Ůĸо
֪ʲô
룬ʹȥϼҴλˣҪϳÿ궼ʮչ΢˽ãŮȥɨĹ
ʱܼ˰ɣ
֮ǰյȹӺЬһһ߶ģÿ궼ǣ֪ԺжƯ
~~~
ǡ
δգӸ͹Ѿˡ
ֹ꣬ʼˣ˵©磬԰Цϴʲھ͵档
һͿһŲ˹ë̺ϲѾȲգϲľͰϲľװŽСڿ
ǸСԣ˲ϲģôɫغҲƭǮ
һģһ
롣
ڻ԰˵һգͷˣѩڸ
ֹһͷںĳĵһССԲ
􅱼ȻزЦС§Ǯ
СԺöҲ˵һ䡰С
ֹͷزʣѩһ䣬ŷܵ񣺡ʺá
ʣʲôأ
СͷҲ̧˵һ͵ûиȹ𣿡
􅱼ˣÿ궼Сȹӣ󣬵СϲЩ챦鱦ΣСһ۾ˣ棬黭ҲͣûƤӰϷÿ
Ȼϲ͵Сȹӣ˸ָȹӣС¹ܼ궼ΣЩ˵ǴȹӣСѥСƤЬ˼òɡ
ڴ͵
òҵˡ
ȹӷҪ˵Ⲽϻǹҵ˿񣬵ǼȴһȥģԺȴܿɰ
СˣЦ¶һݣҲߣȡ
꣬˵ϧҳˣֲܴˡ
􅱵Ҹʦ㻭ðɣ
˵ȥһʦ񻭡
Ů֮оͰᰮС¼Сģһ¾Ҫһ
ϡ
˰ȹԸ˵ҪźðգҪǿ
һǹĴС㣬һǿҵС􅱲ѣصص˼ҵС棬żҲܳȥѼͣǶ׼ҹ͵û
ÿγŶƺƴǰӵأ鷳úܣҲ治ˣôȥǽ˽棬һ顣
·мӸζֻǻŮӡ􅱵ûӸǱϾŮбСŮһ飬ССͻᱻ˼ҵĳСƭߡ
ɲϵ
⿪ͷûźӸͷÿ춼ʮ£޲֣ϣʮꡣ
ܶʱ⹬еŮ˶Ҫþá
Դˣ˯һŴ
޵ٰһŴǻǰ˯ģ֪ǰ˯ģҲϲ
˯ţֿһ񣬲Żݡ
һ˯֣߱ӣ˯˲棬􅱾úЦȥͷ
˸૵
һԭء
һؿڵɬѹȥˣһ;ͷʹ
ɵĵƹ¶СԽͺԽ
ӦͿ˲ǣʱһޡ
䣬䡣
봧еˣȴż£ĻС
ⱲӶˡ
Ҳȥ˯ˡ
˯˺ã˯ˣȥˡ


93 
֪Լ, û˵ǻܻŪ֪Լ, ֻ˵޲ó, Ը
μ䣬Ϊܼ, , Ըοʹ, μΪ֮ӱʹࡣ
϶һ滨ưܽ, ֮ãĻþ, ɾ, ֻǻ񫣬֮ʹ, ͻʹ
İܽأö֮ۻ󼲣ҽҲҲƷԼ֪Ϊ֮ˣҩҽ
βñ㲻ˣԾ岻ʱŰɡ
۵ʱ, ڸԼһ룬һҶĿصޡ
Ҳ֪żĽʹԼ䣬ΪŻ᷸Ľʹ΢ŮľԾ׳Ŀڵһѵβ˿Ҳϲˡ
μĶˣ֪֪ԼΡ
еʱʵвͬյþá
Σһʶȴûߵ䡣
أ
􅱷ԼڱӪ
ôμڱӪЩˣûȥӪ
λ粻
ܿ죬ʶԼΪʲôμڱӪˣսһս˲ˣͬʱھ֮У仳ĺӣΪĴ˺ӡ
˸ٹһʱգԣӱ޸ϻؾǣӦûϵü
ļ٣Ͻ˹ȥֹ̥취ѻӹ˳͵ߡ
􅱺޲ԼؾǱ߳ս¸漱߲˾飬ҲˣɲΣˡ
ֻΪ˿ڷףգյԺܾᵽһϤܰ㣬в²ʵؿšͷɵЦˡ
û˵ЦʲôЦ˲˵Ҵӹ°Һòײйȫ׷ѹˡ
˵Ҳûڹ㶢鱨ˡ뵱ʵأûôˡ
􅱽ץ󲻷ţ˵ǣҪû°ߣڹǲǴѺӴˣ˵ҩˡ
ĬڹУ˺ӣ˵壿ҪˣҲŲŸӣԺټˡ
􅱵Ц£Сĳϵ˿ڣԼŪˡ
ּɵĪЦ㻹ǿϢɣջûء
ְˣ־Ȼôץˡ
΢˵㣬ȴԲϷ֣֣Լϡ
˵ʵֲ̫ϸۣûиоģǵУСŮһ·Сɻĺָ϶м룬ȻָúÿȴЩҹһʮָմˮ˴Уϸˣøġ
ϲУﷴṳ́ʵ
˺죺ſ˿ô죿
􅱲ţָͿ£֪ҵŮˡ
Ƶ˵ҲǣֻǸСŮŮҲˣֻǸŮ
ȴ˵Ůҵӡ
˵Цˡ
˵û˵Ц䣬㸹лҵĺҵĳӡ
ֲˣɫЦ⻹δ¶ɫȥ˵ҲΪӶȢңǵһкӣ᲻ãǺݺİɣȻԺӣٺھˡѺӴˣҶá
˵ţ仹ָ׿һ£һۣſ֣תߡ
ļ٣˿ڣæҪӴ׷ȥ䣬Ҳ˼ϲϲýȢΪޡ
˵ͷһۣǷӣѩ׵ı϶ѪˣϽ􅱰ȥ𣿡
􅱣ȢΪޣҲҪˡ
䲻㲻ҪȢŮݵ͵Ͳ⣬οأƭңҲŲš
ҪҰ𣿡ż˵ˣ޸Һòã
Ĵߣβ˵ѿѪ˿λã˵ҽд°
􅱵˵òã
˵˵ɡ
˵ǰǱģҾԼ΢һҪһݸ߹ӣΪһͻñƵԼ
ҵĳͰǣȢ޹ءҲһֻ⣬ȢϲС
䣬ҵӰɣҵΪ˴µģѾʮ
͸ˣǲǾûбŮ˻Ҫ᣿ϲңһǰɣ
ȴ˵Ҷʧˡ㲻عңһߣȥ˾ǣҸĴĺˣƽƽعӡ
ֻޣѳҵϡ
ָ˱
һְæ˸ʣӭȢİ䡣
ҲɵǿɰͲиɵܵܣٸȨá
֮󣬻סڿຮı߳ǣ֮鼫ãһֻܣӣӣĳ£ɰ
ºԺ֯еŮ֯ҩӣ߳þԴһ㡣
߳ǵİնʮְλ
ʱ⡣
ȴûͷϡ
ʱھУ಻ɼ˽޶ߣԱΧ
ͷһ֧ȱ
􅱼䣬Цʲô˵ˣˣټϽߣ͵ˡ
ĸƣȻ壺ⱲӾûӹҿɲǵҵ㵨СˣѾųһĵ𣿡
Ѿʹȥ˰ȫĵط˽󡣡
һǵ㿻⣬ס֣𱸵ǣҪҲɷ򡣡
𣬼ʸ¡
ŽЯųӣ˻С
Ȼ˹
Ȼʧζ϶˺öգ֪꣬ȥǷо飬ͬѳأǴŻɱ˳ȥ
˭֪أ
мֻƵؾãܸһҲ
գһˡ
ǳڴʣʲôʱҷ̻
􅱵˾͸ţòã
̻ÿ􅱶̻͵ŵͬһ֡
ʱŮ˵СˣһӣһŷƵܳȥĺѡ


94 
԰
ʮǰµĵȻ, кġҩȵȰڼϣЩӦů, һ, ԰װεɾһ㡣
¾һֻ꣬ΪСһա
ȴ, ֻýյĻȹ, С԰ڡ
ȹӿ, Ų˿徫ϸǲ˿߹οմֲƺҲм˼룬Ѱ, ҲûԸСȹӡ
Щ׷󣬵Щ򱻹ˣű󡣹˵, ˵, Ǳ˾Ͳ˵á
԰̵꣬Сȹ, һҵġ
ǸֻеСؿСȹҲÿļģСģ׸ġ
û˵ʲôɨ˵ĻͷٿԼϵȹӣʱûôϲˡ
ҲҪȹӡ
ĸĸףҪʲôʾ͸ʲô
ֻס
ûһ, ʹˡ
˶룬Ͳʲô·ߣԼȥϣ⼸νǰ׳˶һЩ
۾ܽЦÿ𣿡
ȻһЦģʣʲôʱ̻
􅱵ҪϲƤӰϷ𣿡
СִСȥƤӰϷŵϷǡţ֯ŮΪʺϸСӿ±ɾĵģֻһ򵥵ŮϷȴԧĹ¡
λСС㶼ԣлᶯͼС˶ȤҲ¸ǸˣǸĸ滵Ҫɢǡ
ǵһοȴ˵֯ŮŮŮҪȥһֱ˼䣬˭֯ϼأ
ţɾ͸ӣǰڼͨĸˣŮðɣӵĻֻϴ£ŮȴвϼԿ
СͯѼͱԳС㶼˵סˣһʱ֮Ҳ֮С
һֹ룬ûڲĻ
һ𾪣һ־ǻŮ׵İ練ǡ£˵ĻҲ֣ǻΪ࣬һĿʶũŮ澣Сū澣Ҳ𱰹
ϣŮһϯԶղſƤӰϷǷ˭ģ
ΪȻ˵û˽ңԼġ
􅱲ÿɷ룬ŮһСﲻһҲ
ҹĻ¡
̻ҫҫ
ø˼ˣС˵ģֻ֪ҫһ˲ҪյǮص˵ܲܿҷŵ̻
ƽʱǰؾصسƺʡ˽ȴҪСһ˵􅱾;ĶҪˡ
˵һܿҪǸТĵĹŮ
Ĺӳϣ˻䡣
ʱսʱҲͺߣģǿ
ȴǣСʱԲССһС°ͼ⣬һѱҪߵɨɨأܱһ紵ߡ
룬Сһ·߲֪ʱСѾߣһͰѹȥˣΪˣȥֱúġ
Ź̻ġ
л¡ʵһ㶼ϲ
ףϲĲ̻ʮһ¡
̻һɵϣȼһ˲Ȼ˼䣬𲻼
һգۼˣ􅱱عЪϢָЬӡ
ٹһ꣬ˣͲסͬһ޵ֲס̫ԶѲסţȺٳЩ֮ٻȥס
˯ˣȴ˯š
ûˣ􅱰ڴͷĹǻ̳óŹǻ̳૵˵
ϡ˵ƺ䡱ֱ֣治˵ʲô
􅱰ѹǻ̳ӱڻ˵䣬ǲǾҷͷ㣬ⲻڵµȵþˣͰ𡭡


95 
, ǵʢݡǬٶϵľϣԼֻǸʧȥӵ
ʱҹ˾ˣѹǻ̳ó˵
仹ڵʱ, Щֻܺͻ˵, ڻˣҲû˿˵, ǾͶŻĹǻ̳˵
􅱸ԹЩ˵Ĵ, ĳЩв˳, ЩʿΥʲô԰˴塣
ƽȺˣ޷ǲϲŭ, ڻǰͲزҴţɾ߶롣
³Ҳ뱻, ͻĻ
Եʡ
􅱵ûǰ, ΪѾҵС֮ڶ̥, ûھǣԶһң˳ϱ
ֻ֪ϰѹʵȻʺأǽΨһŮ飬޺δȢ̫̫󣬸ûѹÿδøٳһƣ, ȥʺĹǰš
Ҫ󳼺ȥűӱ֤Ҳ˵¡
һʵ˵Եúܻƣÿʵ۶һЩԼãֲǾƳ֡˷ѣŪֻޣңƺҲʲôëԵλǰ˷Űľÿ
􅱽꣬ԳЦ£䣬ҪڵĻһװģǲǣǲǺ㶼˻Ҫװ
ٰ
Ժ
Ӱ΢硣
µĴɷ죬ɫɴʶסһ·ķ磬ĵ̲ˡ
ŮɫĽȹѶǶʽһȹĸԼ[ߣֻȹ˲軨Եñ¡
ڳеѧֻŮѧûѧ
磬硣Բԣ¶Ϊ˪νˣˮһ
˼壬һŮѧá
ҴС㼫ѧ飬ǼﵥŮڼ飬͵ѧöģһ㶼мǮְϧŮС˼ңѰ˼ţͳѧʫǣ˵ʱҲܼ޵øһ㡣
Ȼ˼ҵŮΪ鱻߿һۣԼŮû㰫һͷ˭ֲָܷ״Ԫطָߵ͡
ٲãʶҲãŵǿȱȱɩӣҼҺٸãͨޣöɵϢ
Ժ¿ģٳ棬£䣬˳԰׷˵壬ŮѧÿΡ
йָѧεĹôȥҲһһŮӡ
ڹĽ빬вͬǺġ桷Ͳˡ
ϵĿˡ
ѧ÷ѧùҲԴԼҴ˹ȳԣŮѧһȺһ극ϢһʱȥСԺСһҲһ죬塣
һǿҪǵŮǴȶͣ˽±ĵ˵һ˵ҵɾλף֪ģĵ˽ԷҪϣţĵ˻ϡ
ŮĽ˵ҽķлϵһþͳˣôˣ϶ΪʺꡣԴΪĻԹº
̸׻ΪдʫһƬ顣
ԣڸ߸˵һ裬ͻȻ;ȥˡ
Ǹαӣ˲飬к壿ΪమŻһֱûȢضʲôɣ˽𣿹Ǹװʾƭ˵ġ
±Ϻ󹬼ǧֻлʺʣбӣįڱĺһ߱űŮˣһ߿߶޵
δ̫Ůѧܴô˵
ƣСұƭؾҲвŹΪһƬжϵ⣬ʼݡ
􅱴ˣ˵Ȼر𣬱Ͼͬʮˡ
һһյľ飬еǰеǺޣʱʱ
ڻһеĸ鶼˺ޣ􅱣ֻʱʱ̶̿ȥαذԼϲŭֽһҡ
ÿһ˿ⶼֽϨˣֻʣû
ôණõǣαһļһƽ֪ҲǰᣬէһǿһֻͻȻð˶ġ
ǾÿЦ̲ס˵һαӣ˵꣬ȴѧ
¾͸ǽ˼£дʫպʫˣֻֽдƯûգȢޡ
û˵ΪʲôŮ֮׾ӣȢȴȻأ
ֻ˵ǽˣЩ࿴ɾģҪϸֱ˭Щϧˡ
Щֽϰ鰮деˣԸŮдʱҲһС
СѧãȴûеΪйڹѧ
Ůѧ˻΢ǣ룬Ȼ˵ѸˣŹ֣λ׷˱ǡ
֪ģˣԼԺȥ
⼸⣬չֻǰԼ촬ʿ߰ˡ
˵ģ⻹ǵڹΪѧĵǿѧ˲٣пһźͼԺãĿеĺ·һ飬Ȼݵصִһƪ½
Ϊ飬˺ϲܱжʱԱ˰·ѾķڷΨհ
ѣŵӲ࣬ĵһҿذ˵Ĵ󴬣һʱ䣬ڶһ˰꣬ʮȴֻһ¡
ҵһǰδ߹ĺ·ڸص˱ȫһ㶼ңǮˮһýҺһ֧󺣶ӡ
ʵ⻹ֻǲ
ںϹһܣӮˣս˶Էϵ鷳ҲһһΪģ˺ƺųƬܿزĴϵӡ
۪Ƕ֣˳ƷҲû֪ˣΪ˸¶档ں׹ʹСֹͯ䡣
µҲƣûӹ̴ż·ϻһֻ̣ҪǮС
֪ͳ˸ħͷ
»ȥˡ
һöˮƬǴģǶƵģڱǣܿ档ж֮۾ûǰôˣʱ˱þˣ͵ô
ô̹꣬ʹ˱̹˱һҺ棬С˼񴬶ˣȴеˡ
ѩȹ飬ٴ¿û©ˡ
Թһԣ²СӲԿ˱ֻ׼Ū뿴Ļһȴ޷
ССϺ츳λɼ򵥵ЩķѪöˣͻѪ²׼ÿѧ̫࣬ҺһɵͷɵԵõˣ棬Ͱߣһͻһ
ʱ˽ɵ˵ȥ˭ˡ
ЦЦллˡ
һװѩǣѩǸƤɹСɫ࣬Ϊߣͼ㣬װʾˣԳơ乫ӡէһҲȷһĪĿɣƲǸҡ
·˱ʣôˣ
ѩùãѩ䴫Ϣ½ˡ


96 
􅱴Ϊ΢˽, ģֻ֪Լڸ󳼣ʮ첻ϳѲʲô¡
ʮʵ, Ҳһʼıսս, ڵӦ֣ݲ, ֪ȥʲô, Ҳ˵ȥɨĹ, ֻ˵ȥ飬˭˵ǣ
㹫΢ѲңΪЧ£ҲЧһȻ
һ·ȥ, ÿ߲ͬ·ߣÿأפһ, , ѯʹ飬ٿũ, ʱдŻȥдʵò׼ҲӼ͹
ҲǸԼŰڣӵýɽԼȴֻɽͼϹ𣿶ڹдˣ;Լֿʼˣ
ԼҪ
ܰһڹ, ̫Σˣ˵ˣǻΨһŮŮ쾭壬δԸⱻݣ϶Ըġ
һ굽ͷڹΨһŵĻˣΪչСӣߵһЩ·Ҳ·̡
αװ̶ӣװɥ޵ĸ̣Ůߡ
⺢СͷʾȥˣͻῪʼ·ƣʱ􅱾͵ͣһ棬ɢע
ùߵǸ˹·ôƣҲȲùɽ亣ζ
Ҳİİԡϴ衣
ϣҲûйеСҶ̴β˯ջĴıϲĵоݵ棬Ҳ˯ߡ
ϡ
ѩźϴ֮Ӹͨͷ˯
δѵأȺ棬ûнѱѩڴͷӣȵ˯ţûп࣬Ҳ򲻵֪͹ǲһֻί˵عȥܲõȰͻȥҺȰ϶ˡ
˵˭۰
ѩ˵ʹϲС
˵ÿ궼˵ȥףҲû˵ȥϵŮ𣿡
ʱ˵ŮȴִȥϷأݣǻﻹлʺĹʱҲȥϡͿģҲ֪ĸĸ
ѩ䣺ūޱū澲֪СҪū澸㽲°ɡ
̾˿˵ѡѧ֡һɣҲöǼ֣ұ ˣȻȥԺҪġ 
ʸʦ飬Ѿλ֪ô£޷ǲиøʸܵܣǲ̫ӴֻǸֻҪʶ֬ˮ۾Ϳԣ̫簮˵˾ҳ
ûټλʦ˵Ǵǹٻȥˡ
ʸʡ˾ʲô˼ʲԼȥ顣
顷д޳֮Ω֮
ǣΪʲôأ
벻ͨ
ʵ֪һ£ƾʲôЩ˾ɶ飬㲻Ҫأϲ֬ˮۣϲĳкʻҲϲ֣ɽôӱߵ˺塣
տʼ£֪ԼǸ߸ϵĹ˵˶ūͣЩΪСƭ
˺ԼԼ֪Ϊܱʲô͸Ҫ顣
ǿʤûΪԼǹ͵ԼǹҪúòССֵܣ˵ŮӶ鲻ԣҲûҪ̹ɰɣ
ܾﲻԣ˵ֻ¸пԼ̫ˡ
ﱳ飬űž˯ˡ
ѩҴҴǣüͷѩǿģĹùõŮ˵岻ֹһССãûǳ
˯ʱ೤ȵĺüἫᣬû͵͵˵Сٹ죬ͿԼˡ
ҹ˾
뻳ĹԽҹ˯Խá
࣬μˡ
ϴβͬ
ϻʵ֮ﻹ§Ż䣬԰ǱߵĻ
ôཱི˾Ļȫ˵ˣ̣òӣ·棬ѩıϻǱѳ糺ӡӣϻȾ˶޺Ļ֭
չϣϾļһ͸ŹƵģĬصͷҲһؿڣۿͨ죬ȴûᡣ
һŽ̴ɫŮٷͣ¶һǻ˵£Ѿˣɷ׼ū뿪йǱ߻вҪ졣
􅱽ˡ
ǰŻǿһܶ£ĶУһʼǲģֲֻ⣬ʱһ
⡭ǵһΡ
ʱ˵ʲôţãȻһ¡
ѾѣԼ££ͷ񣬾¡
􅱸Ͻס󣬲ܷ뿪
һ룬˵ˣū澻ûзñ
ԣʮģæ˵û˵ñ
˵ūȴ֪ܲ
􅱵ǰһһū澡û㵱ū澡
޷ȥƵģ嶯̧ͷŭĿӣŶ£Ҫ˵ּʵĻǻϽͰˡ
룬ʵʱʵ̫ˣ˵Ժ󡭡ԺҲˣǸ
¶
ҲŵϻʵԵˡװģûţԺֻǰ¶ҵ顣
֪˵ֻҲԭңҲá
ȴ˵¿ɱô˵ֻǸū澣¶¼˹Ǹ
Ǹһɣū澲ΪŮ
􅱵׼ˣŮҵĳŮǶӣҵĳӣԺеĺҲֻ
˵ֻǸŮµĺӵλҲߣҲ
ż˵Ȣ㣬㵱ҵĻʺ󣬲𣿡
Сţ˵ôܵʺ˵ʲôλǷǹŮȢʲôʱֵˣҺò׵йʵŮȾŸյǻ˳Ц𣿲˵ң˵ӣҪӲҪͳ𣿡
􅱵ⶼʲô£ֻһݶѡ
˵˻˵󲻳ɣ
Щҹ壬Ϊлҵ̧٣һӦ㻻ݣŮݣٽӻع󡣡
а취ģҡ
Ӧ
˼գй򡰼ߡͳûˡ
ĳСҵӲһλŮ귽ʮոռǣǴ޵ĺ͡
дƸʥֱּȥ̫̫£˵ȽڶһλŮһ飬֪֪֮ǸɶõĺŮɣҪȢΪ̫̫δѣϲЩ֣Ǹˡ
ĻϲҪȻ빬ףдŸ䣬ĵȺ򡣿ǣֻ˼գҪּͻȻӭһجġ
¸ˣ֪ȥˡ
ʹ֪У􅱻ɵˡ
ⲻ
ǰΣгвϣ뻹ǳˣΪʲôΣȻڻǰֱˣȥ׽أ


97 
ż, ֪ȥδһ䣬һƬãδԲ, , ˡ
ɲһΡ
ƽﶼΣԲпʵ, ܡ˸ج, ԺʵجλҪ, Խܡ
Ҳ֪³ܲҵ䡣

ʵ֪ΪʲôӣʱѶĻ䣬Ҫ, һ١ٶطڣڹУл, ô¡
ǸŮ, ۵Ķܺúûȥġ
􅱻Ϊ˸е꣬Ѿ, ͲһԸ𣿾ȻԸľˣǻʵҲƲʡ
˯ǳһجΣ˯ѹԺһûƣоǸˡ
˯Сһ˯ú􅱲ʱŰϴ㡣
ȥͷˮ·
ͷһ, ʼˣڴĴ̽ʲôҪһʲôõģҲӷűŮʲôʹʲôҲ֪СһǲǵסΪȴڷܣŮһѧ峵֪ĸ
Ҳ棬ˣҪ
ʱ􅱶úЦСʱ򣬸һҲú˵仰ʱرϣܿԼۡСһָ絽Χתõ÷ͷܽţܵأ׼ȥ档
Сʱ֮𣬵⣬ŮǱý˵
ˮ·գִ¸ۡ
¸ھڣͨڽϪ
􅱴ǰ˵һأʱҲ٣֮ǰִࡣǻڶʱ㿪Ĵۿڵĺб¸ۡ
ֻͷˡŷ߷Ħ࣬ȥĹڵһȪݽˡ
ĿȥûʽĴ󴬣˵ĴдǺ֣дһġס֣ӦЩ̴Ķ֮ϡ
Ϻôиͷһ˵
һȥʮ˾ӣ̣ǰ˱ָžش飬صˡ
һ䲻ͬΪ˸ɻ۾ҴȥҲоŨüۣ㿡ʣҲ֪˭ҵСɣ˸
һϵĽŷǻݵ屻ѹȥһСĻһӣۼҪˤˣȴǸɿطֽʣȥһ£ܽϽŷѹ̧ͷͷĻ·𲢲һأ־ܿճһֻȥˡ
ʣ²ôֳ֮ǰ𣿡
˵ҶӲˣҪԷɻС
겻˵Ҳʲô⣬ֵøһˣ
̾ûӰҶϱȥϴ·ˣӶҲ
Ǯȸˡ룬ͷ˸˹Ǹ˹ȥǶҵĽ˿ӻȱŮҵŮ˹ȥܲƸϣϴ·ҪǮǱ߻ȱɨصģϸҲɣȿʡЩ
ȴ룬׼Ҳô̴ڱؿׯӣȥ׵ӣҲ֪Ǹʲô
􅱹һصͣʹ˵Ǯ֪˸ţ׼ҵ̶ǰģԺ뱾صĹү˽ڱؿǮׯׯɵĽĶҡ
˵ǶҲ¶棬Ҳ˵Ǳķںϳͨ裬磬ۿλǰ׼ҵСң˵׼һԽһ⣬ȴû
ѯʣ㲻ٸȤ
ҪȥУһЩصزŹźĹŮǣҪӣҪÿ˶һҪѴ
􅱾ûĹǸһĹǮֱ꣬׳ʸҪ
ߵ·ӭ
ûӽǰסİˣһۣȴЦӯӯǳйҪᣬҼŮòǷɷԸһͯŮӣ
ǵ۱һݱƣҿŴ磬֪ȻȱǮƣǻΪŮƣһƽ
􅱲ͷȥ˵;ܾˡ
תߡ
ڻſļ̽ͷؿСͯʲô
􅱵СͯŮߵСͯ
дʵ˵ҲСͯŮСͯ
̿˵ʱΪһӺͯɵʲôأ档
ϻشЪϢͷһϻ̯ڴ껹һ˵Ưģס
˵꣬ѩ֣ѩ㣬װ
һЦ⣬ù޿
ѩһĳ􅱴򿪿ȫЩϸĶ֬ˮۣ޳У鱦ΣйصģоģϲСߡ
ǰ;ôЩûվͲˣ˵ˣŮǸСزū
ʣЩʲô
˵͸׵İȻûδû֬ô죿кõģҪһġ
􅱱ǼһᣬЩ
ͷԡ
ش𣺡ұ͹ԡ
ȴֲǡ
껹СڻܺƭٳһЩˣ֪롣
²ԼҪ׵ѩ䣺ѩ㣬˵׻ϲ𣿡
ѩƶصһģʲôﶼϲġ
ѩĹŮͬЩʱܸоںѩ˵ȴеǰСӡ
˿϶ϲϲϴ˯ȥˣ˵ղ͵ˡ
ٰ
峿
µ˿ŸȭʦһƵȭȭˣֻǿ塣
ˣֻһȭǰ۵ͷ󺹣߹СҪ׸
š˲ǣЪϢ
СʲôָûУǸģǮµҲһ꣬ܺͨһʮ꣬ˡ
֪ԼܻܲǸ
죬ȴЩŤǸľĺӣҲֱ˵һ۾ܿ
ʣôˣ
ֹʣ˭ѽ˵λᵽˡ


98 
°Ѹ, ˵Ľ㡣
һ㣿н𣿡
ºЦ˵ѽǸִƯСѾдһǧ֣ᱳһʫ, ử, Ͷϡ
㽵ءۡһ
Ǿ, ɻʣôûأ
ͷٹͿԼĽˡ
ϲü, ͷ, ׻ش˹ڡ⣬һºܺ棬һˣǡҡ
Խ˵ԽС, ǲڴûе
ϵһջ⣬ˡ
صˡ
ͷɥǲøɨĹ￴ġ
ƭ˵ûʬǿᣬǸӢ, Ǹر͵Ľʿ, Ϊ˱˱߳, ûʬͺܺˡ
һֱʮֵǣԼԼ֪Լиȴûʹѩ㣬ѩ㲻ҪȥףȻǵġ
Լĥ˵ѧ˵˲ſʼ˵, ǵ׵ǣһ˵ľӡ
СͿʼܼס¶ˣǸֻڴϵСӤʱмˣȻҲ֪ԼΪʲôܼǵãڵĸΪȫСǸһġ
ԣǰع۲ߵ˺£˵ȥܶطʶָˡ
һȷÿСеȴֻûе
Ϊʲôûеأ
ǵˣǵҪˣ
ڴ֪Ŷԭ˰
˺þãǸǲǱˣ˵ǱȱҪõö࣬ǿԷˡ
δֵĵʵҲ̫Ȥз壬ʢ磬ȭʦͽ߲ȱԳǰЩܴȥĵүүҲܺá
Խڴ˵ӦҪȥģڶ֪ü׼
һ̡ƽ͵ĸѵһż
ͷҸʲô㰡
Цûϵʱ׼
ѵò壬ܽҡҡͷ˵ҪҪǲһġ׻мȥ㰡
˵ǣɡ
صصͷ֪ˡ
¿Сˣ鲻ԽظǡҲΪܼϲãҲȫǡߣϾϵһ⣬ᣬûֱӰ͵һꡣ
ֱա
ƽĶۣһԣ􅱴༫谮ŮеģУŮӲеģҲ۾
ҲǸСӤˣѩ˵ǸܴСԸҪ
ѩڹﱣ􅱵ĳ谮ЩҲһֱܺ¡ҹʱجΣμޣ޸ͣ޵ĶҪˡ
Ӷͷ⣬һڹ޷ָһһϢ
ԸǮȥӣĸ˴ֲ赭عӡ
ӣ죬􅱸õٰˡ
׸Ż˵􅱣ʹȥ̽һ£ûɣѩɰ
¾úýģоЩ˶ˣûѩ䴫Ų㣬ֻܴ򵥵Ϣ˳֪дһЩСȤ£ʲôڳ޶λϵĺ밡ץ԰㰡׷ļҵСӴ򰡡
ֵ􅱰軵ˣҲ֪ôģܸɳô顣
~~~
ȵٰʱ磬ЪЪţȥؼҴ塣
껳סԺŮһסڴ˴
ʱסԺӣ˭۸סôСĵطô£㶼ȥס𣿡
־ᣬ־úЦ
룬˵󲻺ڣҲڡ
ٰƣΪû仳Ϻӣ˳µذƭعУǿзһʹ
Ҫȥ뵱ʱԼһ޴
͸˻䣬һ׵һΡ
ͻʵ۱ȣʲôûУֻһ
ΪǰͰ͵ذһĵݵǰϣ£Ϊǳϵһģͷٿһõǧٿ׵ĺġ
ѹֻ䲻Ҫأ˭Ҫ
޿ߵˣϻлۼľͽСԺӣûѶؾǣֻţɨһӦҪ֤ԭλʧ
ﻹż飬лױּŮʱġ
Ůһ˯
һʱ˯ţȣ˻ע鿴ʲôµ飬˼ҳŴȥãɵǺõġ
􅱲֪˯˹ȥˡ
˺üգΪϴڻԺûء
ԭк
ҲûеʱֽǼȵˣУ޵ҵ˻١
ȴûֱӰѻץǰȥ
䱻˹ţԺúȺãûѰ̼
һյ裺𣿡
ʣô𣿡
𣺡Ůĸϡ
ҡ˵˵ң֮
Ҫ¡
קĸ첲Ӳ˴ӵϰƵģˣҹˡ
޿κεʣҲȱˣһΪԸһΣʲôҪģңҶȥ
䶢ĬΣŵģҲһʵΪֻһŮƾʲôأ
䱰΢ȴ̰Ľٻ󡣡
֪ҽΪ˺£ҴѱԸˣֻһ徻֮أȴ
􅱿Ц˵ǲҶѡ
ǣҲ㡣˵ٺһɫ˥ڣҵĳ谮ʱջȥҲǵ㶫
룬Ϊʲô֮ǰĻأ
֡ΪûܾǵǸӰɡƵ
룬ʲôʱ·ģû뵽ʱʼѾŲˡ
ʱǽĽ໥Ρ
仹ǹϣ߰ɣԸԼ͸¶ܡ
ҲǴǻԺ󣬻һθ¹ʱɡ
􅱵ŵùġ
˫Ŀ֪Լſڣࣺ޷ߣ߰ɡ
һΣؼǵû䴩һ£»֮ҹԼĻ
ԸúûţҲùǰ


99 
Ż, ˻Ļı£硣
ǰ, ʻ䣺ȥԺ𣿡
乧˵Ҳޣұ㲻ޡŮѷ֮, м黳أҼ벻Ҳҹӡ
ǰǴҲԸ⻳޸, ǴηŻ, Ҳ뻳Լˡ
ڣһ뵽ᱻӵ뻳УȻ絶, ʹ, ϣܹúã˫иõ, ˰ɡ
ʶȥס˫˵ָ⽫Ҫʱ, ŷӦ, ڨڨջ֣, صҸˣġҪýȢ, Ҫһһ⣬, , ϧ㣬һٶظ͸, ֮
룬Ĭ˵˶һΪ˹»Ů˺Ӷֻˡ
ƽ͵˵ܻеİɣֻһЩһ˹Ӽ˵ˣۼ˭ܰӹá
𣺡кõģҲǲܼޡ
һ꣬˻ϢϼҰһŮѧãˣֲ赭жգ޸һյĽˣǸ˴ãɪһһŮ
ʮȥɽ֮䰲Ȼɹһ£һλʢŮ
ǰͷ֪󣬻һ˽ϡ
ҲˣΪصޣԼ֮ǰǰλɽѡĴĳ̫ϻʣӺϡ
ڵϵòӣ̫ҽ˵첻ˣһգͻȻ߶ˣֻǵŹȡ
ǸȾվסͷӣӣȣҪ˷ӣźͻ˵
ķǰһһǴ죬޺һ֦ͷһأڻĹϣͷϡ
ˣЦһЦںůĴУ˵䣬⽭ɽû㲻ɣ
ǿŵһĵɢˡ
ôһٶûб˵ĻʵˣȲ£һѰİ˵ǰ
ҲҪȥˣȵ˵£㻹Ը⻽һ䡮ɡ𣿡
Ҵ㣬ҵһȣͶ̥ڸҺúȢΪޣһϲְƽ
һѽһ֧Ͼɰ߲ŮӷΣǶ΢΢˫Աߵ˵Ҫ˯һҡ
سһ߲ѵУ
ص˻ʹĴȥһ䣬¸߸ߵΣŹȣ뿪ڵĹΧɰ˫Ҳ
߹йСԺֵʱסĻӾǰиϤӰļ٣׿ȣ׷ǰԽԽ죬Ųǵӯ졣
ӹ»صϡ
񱼹ȥץ˻䣬ס
ػ꣬˫٣һƽɫŮ˵ңʲôߵ¡
􅱲һеס֣ȹ̣ƵԼİС£㡣
ô𣿡
ЦŵˣڿԲˣӣҲʵۣɡҴ˽òã²£
佾˵¹ʲô
Ǳǣˣһֱǰܣܵɽ֮ͣ˫֣Ц˴ˡ
Լþãײ롣
һ
ڴߣһˣ˹ȥסˣ
һʱ֮仹޷԰Σ˱ʣô𣿡
üͷ㻹ôˣһѹͿڿޣһ԰ͷʪˡŵˡ
һԼӣָⴥ֮һƬʪĿˡ
Ů˿Լ˻ͦ˵ġ
􅱵СܺòãҪ߱ˡ
һ£ǵʣμ𣿡
􅱣
ֲǵһˣüˣҶû߹ˣ˵䡯Сɡ
˶ΪСʲôСʱǷƽˣȴҲ˰Ĵˡ
̾˿ûش
ŭǸƭӣƭҡ
􅱸ϽҵСˣ
̫ˣ㷢Ҳȥÿɰ뻳Ҳ񣺡Ǹƭӣﵽĸһ˵ŮȥˣһҪҰݻǸһֳ˹ҪȥǸֻһôףǾɵ˵ҾͻԸұ࣬Ҷǵá
СңûĸСǲסԼף
˵ʲôҡ
􅱰ССŮڻǳһ㣬ҲֻǸСڻôᡣĴͺģԼ֡
ֻû뵽һô磬ڻʼ֮УֻһĻʵӵһĸŮ֮ɣŮηϲŭ
˵ûƭ㡣ǷͻǵģڵȥԺ󣬻ǻϣȥŮˡ˼һ⣬зҲһڣҪҴȥݵǸ
ǲףǻǸأﲻǻʺ𣿻ʺҪڻʺڣǰ
ͯ޼ɣһġ
􅱵ʺڣ¹ڣֻǸ¹ڣǶΪԼļ˸ĸԼļһ𣬵ͰͻϼҰˡ
ǿͣ棬ĸôشˡ
ŮٰͣһգҪڻļɨĹձȥؼҴ塣
ؼĿ˵ĹضשݵпĹһ굽ͷء
􅱴ȥͷһɣؾصع£ͷ㣬ԽڳҪྼ䣺ףҪңһؾԺ󲻱ұԱٿһЩ
􅱾úЦôֻ
дʵ˵ֻСŮӣ˵Ѿܲ˰ɣҪ֪㳣֡
ͨΪũ飬οʸס
ߵؼҴ壬ؼҴ֪ǻйĹ磬ǰе˽飬ϵ˾飬ؼҴЯԭһСǸĴ䡣
뻳й֮Եź棬Ϸؼݡ
һ˵˵ǽһˣؼҷϼݡ
ͨ棬ǻλˣȥһۣⲻãһͿ˻ϡ
֪㲻
֮ͨǷӦôʥݣҪߣ㱻ϵסˡ
ȥլ˵ˣͨвŸ¶񣺡ϣΪũæߣδ뾪ʥݡ
Цʣôûܵˣ
ͨаס𾪣ƳһС˵һֱСϳҲֻվǰļλܿ壬δСһŷС뻳伫񡣲Ѿã˵ʺ뻳òƣµŮҲ񲢲Ϊ档
ϾȻһ𣿼һˣʺ˻꣬ؼҴŵĻǺأ
ȫȻ£װ֪һһ˵¡
ֹͨȥסֱӰ˴˼ңҲԺ˳ԺȻҪøϺ͹ס
ΨŮܴôҶҵͬԼˣҪͻᣬ¿ˡ
֪ðǲ
ͨ
ǺܸȤ˵ҪͻҪʲô
޷һȺСһҼҾƵ֡
ԥһ£̫ƯˣȴҲѡ
תͷ͸˵ҿԺ𣿡
ҰܲȥȻͬ⡣
ֽһµС飬ûһǣ˼Сȥ԰ȥˣЦɰҽСҡҲԡ
Сˣ׺һ󴮵ūź
ҵѹ㷺գºӵĿǷ׷׵ˣȫٰǴԹҵСӣͶ
һμôͬСӣʶҪˣУһעСк
Ск÷ǳɰһɫ·һ񣬻һֻ죬ͯȤøɰһ;ơ
ȥģһ˫ȴһ˰վڽ䣬ʱʱ΢⣬۾۾˵˵Ϊ߲ҡ
ܷܵ·ļ
࿴ۣ߹ȥʣÿɰʲô֣
Скӵ˵ҽи


100 
ȻѾ, Ϊ첻㣬ͬĺӶҪ
ͲһˣСһҽΧ, ȴԡ, ټǬ幬, Ͼ̫͵ǴС˵ĵط, ͷϷߡ
Скû٣ҶǸ󣬿ɴûСèһСк, , һʾͰѼõС˵ˡ
ǸСɵϡ
යҪԼ¡
к˵˼仰ĹټС˵ôкŮܲס
Сظּ̼ҵĶӡڲסı, ί档
ϲ˾ˣ˵ָܺ˭, ܺ˭档
ʶ, ֵõ˹ܣ
ǵΨһĹǧ谮һʲôëûһȺСٵĺ, ǵһϲСܵܡ
ЩڼĹټСûʲô, 󣬶ûƷ׵, ʲô÷ŵȵģ
ߡ
ܲ˵ذѸ, ҪһҲ֪Ϊʲôͨмҵļ磬һ͵Сס
СŮӳǰ, ȹӴ϶ȱҪ֣ͲŮӶǻëѾͷͷû٣ȴһѻѻĺͷø£ûмķΡ
ͷֻ˾ԶΪ滨ͨûʲôΣֻڲϴһŸ뵰ĻԲ飬Ө
һſڣǵصĹٻ˵Ҳѧٻ˵ûãһ֪ǾС㣬ͨеϷ壬ɵ
ôģɼȻݣһ̼֮ǧС㣬Ҳȱ
ǵȰ˵Ҫ͸˵ΧȹᷢСǱɢˣһ˸֮òߣһʱձ
Ȼ֪һ㣬²븴˵Խ˵Խøɿɰ
ѩһ̹ƵģιԣԳԿó԰ɣϲһˡ
СԶһССڵسԶ
̫ɰˡͷС«Ķ׹ӣЦʣкӻŮӰô׹
ͨ죬˵岻ã˸ʦʦҴ˵ûþһЩ
촽ϣ;Ӧ岻̫ãû뵽ôãƴ֣˵ʲôҼкܶĴһȥǸβɡ
ƯɰĵܵҪˣϧ
ҡҡͷûϵдȥ˺öˡ
мԾʼҵĶõģĴٺܺõùҽ
׾ڶǳݣ˵ĹȻûĽƯ
һ˽Ľ㡣
ʵĻôҲʣ̫ǿˣԲͱڳݺȰȰ˵ֻͣģһ쵽Ҫ˵Ͳš
˵ؼҪҪȥβҸܴһ׼ܰκá
˵ֻûеҵˡ
һͷһᣬøͶԵˣյĶ˵Ҳǣˣֻе
ץס϶ǿ˳ˮ۵׽ˣʣҪһ𣿡
Ȼػش𣺡˭᲻ҪװֲҪеġ
ԽøǸɵģȻС£Ҫ𣿡
ȴҡҡͷǺҪ
شϣ˵㲻ҪΪʲô
ü˼һ̵˵Ҳ֪ҲԣûҲûϵûеû𡣵ǣҪĻ׻Ϊѵġ
Ҳһ£û׶СҪס
ս󣬲ûײȰɸҡ
δ˽̹֪ҲǺöʺλ׵ģ׼ŮȾָ
Ȩıʶ縸Ȣ˱Ůˣֻ˱ĺӣͻᱻ˷ȥ
ԣÿȰȢ͹ڸǰ׵顣
һʾͻȥܾ£Բˬ
ǼӵõСֻһףҪһ۰׾͸ˡ
ʱŤŤƨɣͳһ鴮˼صݸ͸ġ
ӾӨ͸ˮҲ˶ʲô
֪ʲôûֱ˵Ӱ
ͷϲ𣿡
ȱϡϲ˵˵ϲ
ԽǹɣԽźûϱˣˣȴҪô빫СӶȲ
Ȱ˵ȥףɲȥβҪ⣬鲻յĻȵȥˣһ㰲סŴ򣬰ˣʲôòġ
˵ȥһʰɡ
˵꣬ȥһ룬ԱߵѩԹԵ˵лл˹˹ĵˡ
·ҲúЦ̲סЦѩ㣬ûоøһֻСڹꡣʲôŵġ
һΪѵ߻˵ʹ˻ȥˣ˵С
һĵʶ̧١
˵ģȥʡ
ǸСȴҪгݼ
С˶
˵ŶڲԺ̫̫һϷءҹȥҪҪ
˵꣬ˡ
ʱһĸǣŸ
һ֪ģˣܾҲϤǸף


101 
۾һգգ, 뿪ʱСӤתѾô, һۿȣҪ
˵ͷǡ
, ֵϤжãһ, һʱ֮, Լ˵ĻһŻع
䣬ڲ֪ǹ, ŮҲǰ, ǰ˵ӦóΪⱲӳ˹, ƽʱ˸ʶٹݣҲʡ
С˰˵ĶӸͶԵ, ֪ز, ΪѰҽҩҼھǣҽƼ, Ϊ룬˴ȥβΣ
¼ֹ˵, Сļƣȿɰ, ᡣŮǰ, ȴϣһ㡣
ѩһԣ֪ǻùá
Ѿûù, һȴݵȻмֽ
òǿǹùãɿͶ֮䣬ȷˡϤˣ־ҪһǹùһŮ٣˵Щ鱾·ԷСҲϸعĦѧϰ
ôԶôأ
²֪ףѩΪ֪ԹߣĸŮż
˵ˣ˵ɡ
´ʮȻҪױ׵Ļ
ˣĪĽĸӺܣŤ˵ҼԸչҲϤģǵȲϧŮĸףΪʲôأȥһκõġ
һ棬м􅱾ͳҪʲôʲôɡ
ʢˣһֱҷˣ㹻˵Ҳ뿪ߡ
˾Сһôôʶأ˰һȥ
Խôһãһ
µĪҪż˵òã
С죬һܲӣҪ˵ʲô
ϸ˵ллΪģ̥ĲѾ˺ܶҽҲûȥǣҵ˿ҽεĴƣԲصȥѰĴ򡣡
ԣɫԾԴص˵ͷ񻰣ЩģҵĴκø𣿡
Ϊʵ븴ͶԵΪĽһСӶѣȲժԼȦ߹ȥϣʲô⣬㵽Һ뿤ǿӣҾͻˡ
ֵǵΣ˵͸ˣһ㶼ۣ޲ĿڵѪ
Ů˶΢΢һЦллˡ
Լ紺պˮһ㣬ᣬ˺
ڹûиĳСĸĸ鲸ò衣
ʹ˼ƺιӣԸι߰´Ȼ׹úạ֮̃趼ʴˡ
ǰйһλ֣Եأǰװúƽ⣬תͷΥٻ蹬ˣб˽ңҸʸһ״
ȴ˵˶ѣôþôá
ͰǮˣʮ壬ϳȥ
Դ֮󣬹ǰᱶСģΨ
ЩҲ񸸻˵һֻ˶ѣûð˵ףס
ȥ׽ס
ŮضԸ˵лл㣿
ϥؾصͬ񣺡лл㡣
СԴס֣˵Ҵȥ԰ɡ
ͷ۰Ͱ͵ؿףҿԸȥ𣿡
µͷ
ȻһЦߣǸļӣų̿죬ߵҪƵġȿģеϣ˵㣬һ㣬ȶ̡
˵ûá
˽ŲƵǣߡ
վͤӱϣӡ
ֻǿЦǸɵһʲôûʶôС֣޷Ϊڸһ棬ˡ
ǢʮְοССͣѹʮ㣬ȽڹмĹŮй֮޲
֪ײδȥ֪ԼףԸ
ѩ侭ߣ΢΢ʾ⡣
ػǧ˼ֻΪһ񣬶һ񣬴˴˶࣬һ仰ҲҶ˵ȥźСˡ
¾ܣ鲻ԽݸһЦĵ΢紵Ҳ
ߣ􅱲֪ȥĶ룬􅱾ڴ˴Ҳ߲ذǴġ
Ҳ֪ġ
􅱽ȥһؼҴ壬ôһȥָһĹְγӲݣѶʯڷ롣
Ȼڷǰһ㣬侴һСһơ
߶߶غͻ˵ŮǰҲе˼뻳˵ỰⵥٹһˣлվԶЩ
􅱰£ѻ̳ӹǻóڻУ˵䣬μˡ
ԭţǿʱһͶ̥ǰԵ
ȴԼһҶĿˣ˵Ҹˣʵûġ
ǿҪͶ̥ڵ֪ˣ޶Ҫˣǲǣ
Ӧ
ֻǷķͲ
ޱϲ˵ϴ᲻ûôһ㡣
ܱȲҪðɡ
ͷĹ
֣̳֮ǻҺ϶Ϊһؽᡣ


102 
⡣
һֻͷܵͣ, ͨȥӭˣϵ˳һ, ۼȴܷ֣ͨ˰벽, ֹ֮䶼Ϊ𾴡
􅱽, 뿪Ůôõʱ, һűͨУģ
ͨеСںԺŮˣһаãû˳ײС
ȲȥˡȤ, ʲô
ͨ˵ڱͶ
􅱵ͷ, ǰ
ͨжʱеͷðСӺֱˣƫƫһ, ǱΨһĹӶ
ֹܳ⼸ۼʶ
һӮ, ˰ֹ֪Σ
Ժ
һڹ㸹ƿϸװаСɾƺȵķƽ̹, һȺϷֻ֣߰˳ߵľ롣
Ůһֳ, װʮöߵľƼʸߵĳ̡
ڹг, ǸиУԴȤȻ, תͷʸͶ𣿡
˵ͷ, ҡҡͷСʱϿͶһ, ҾòȤûˡҸϲ顣
ôС˶һ˵ʲôСʱ򣬵ЦŶѽСʱ򡣡
ʱСˣɬŽ㡣
ѵ˵ҼӣͷһؼôСӡҼ͵кӶҰƵġҿѽ͸öදӹǲܺҵҿĴʱ˶ҡ
ͷľ˵ˡ
ʣҪҪ棿Ҫҽ档
һӦֲ˼Ӧģһ˫ˮĴ۾Ͱ͵سŽ㣬
һкŤģ־ÿɰ۸ʲôң˵氡
ԥ̾˵ҺñģʦҴȭҲ˺þãǶ˵Ҵʵ֪ӦСˡ̲ң⡣
ӣЦʲô
ʱŮضһ̹һ񲼣һСһ׹ŮһƥһֵƣҲѰܵõġ
ǰԺͨеѡĸڱԣǼӸͷһƬ͵͵ľ
ȻϰˣЩ˵Ҳϡ֮£ʱ˿ΪֻΪһͨСŮͬˣļ˵ġ
ϲҲ֪ǸԺβӦҲ˸أ֮ݲ̫Զˡ
ǹֻǸ񣬻֮ӡЩҵĶҪÿ飬οһ
˵Ҳμӣȥ档
̵صξòǰ
ͷ޷ҪЩƷǣֲʲôö֪֪ͶĹ򣿡
۽ޣ΢΢ü˼
Ϊ֪ҪΪͣ˵ÿͶʸʸͶһ֣˾Ϊʤһ֣Ϊʤ
ʣĹʱһͶߣͶʸʸкٵУͶٷһգƼոߡ
СϰַˣЦ˵Ͷȥ˵ɣʮ֧ʸͶһΣұ㽱㡭㡭
ǣһҲ֪ʲôãȦѾԼĶûҵʲôضֻһСɰװСǶ
󷽵صɡǶûЩĽҪϡˡ
͵صͷšһദСգ̫ݽˣʲôϲ·ժ仨ܱġ
ȺСģͳҲĳ߶ߣһ֧ߵʸץ˸ˡ
һ࣬Ͷʸǰֶ̣ʵڲóһͶһգǵôҶЦ
⵽ЦҲգͶ˾վһԣ۾һգգضű˿Ҫ˼صͷ·ڹĦѧϰ
ʣѧ𣿡
ŵͷֵˣȥͶ˸գƵ˵ҾӦͶУҵ̫ˣûǲ߲֮ãҲ
һһ㶣ͣһ£ȻЦøˣô档
Ͷ꣬һ֧ʸûͶС
֣صصǸڴ
԰ǶЦ䣺޷ҿġػʡҼҡ
һ£ͷҲȥ
һ临кӣôСΪͲʸֺһк𣿸˿ɰһҲϲġ
ѩ丩ȥС˵Ϲˡ£Ҵȥ·ɡ
ûŸ˵ҴȥҸװɡ
ȴûԥҡͷҲȥ
ˣһ棬ȴȥ˵֪Ҹ˭λᣬһӶһˡ
˵㣬ȥɣҲûȥҵˡ
ؾͣԵ˵Ҫȥ͵øȥ
ʱ׹ǴʯһͶ׻С
ǣ𣺡ллչոҸԸ׸ӡ
ÿɷ
¼ģļһ䳤ȴһޡ
̧Ƴеǰֻһۣϳ􅱡􅱱࣬꿡ٱȵѳԨsŵˣûʲôƣȲҲûֻǲһˣ˺ӣ޻ףʾĿվһһҲ􅱲곤ߡ
ԶԶںһ˵Ǹ˿ͷΪ˱ܻо죬źӣתˡ
ֱߵʹһֱǸ˵ıӰ
ܹһѰŮпշһ
֪طܲˣЦһ£ʣôˣ
˵ܲһ
􅱿ʣҪʲô
ָŸ뿪ķ˵Ҫ
һǸкӵ֣һ£óĹагģôСأδҲ̫˰ɣֻҪ飬ûʲôˡ
˵ŮзСҪ͸ֻǸĻҪҪˣԾԺС̫


103 
²߳СԺ, ͱסˡ
һͲҼҶ􅱵¡
аϲԼ􅱳Լ, Ҳδ֪αץȥô, Ծ¡
ճȭ, ˶Լ, û£Ϊ˸ȡ􅱵ļѪ
µȺһ􅱱
􅱷Ѿһ·̵, ֪˭, ԭǽĺ̰ϣֻǸˣȴҲ, Ϊһʱǿ˼ҵĶӡ
˵˼һǸѸһ˸ӡ
ǸСк, ˶㡣
˶΢΢Ҿ, òƽͨ, էһȫۡ
ü˳Ŀȫûȥֱ􅱡
º͵صлл׷˽չҽ, ˵̸֪
, ԴŸ, ҵܰȫΣûĻˡΪһ¡
¿ͿԻʼҸŮֻ, ĿˮͷЩı˲ʱƽʶΪ룬ʴȡҲҿǸý㣬ллһƬģѾԼһλ򣬸岻ãԶУӺЩˣұϾòã
˺ĪŮ˵ö·Ķһʱ֮䣬ñ𸴸ϲˣҪ߾ͺˡ
ͷǿˡ
΢΢ף𣿡
􅱵ߡ
յǣŸ뿪ĽŲţܾͣиڶԼâڱ
􅱡
Ϊʲô
мֲ˼⣬􅱲ܿ˱˸˵Ҳѹɤӣ˵ˣ􅱶ġŲɡ
ֻΪӽ䱸ɡ􅱵ıˣ㹲ɣ˭ֽġ
³أҲ֪£͵􅱵ļѪ
޽⣬뾩ôãͶڲ¶£þ¸أ
ʱΪ࣬һ·ԼԼϳģܲ˼һؼҾͶ˵Ҫϴ衣
ˣٻѱ¸ͷڵϣһ˫СѾŵأ˵ػ˫ţﻹС
ʣôô˰
˵ãһȥͽ档ʲôʱȥҽ氡
µһ٣ÿ´ʲôʱлˣ˵Ǳٺձ뿪
º˵Ժɡ
˵һ²
ʣʲô
ʣ㲻ҵĽҺͽӦͬһǽ˵еҵĵȴˣǲһ𣿽ĵʶǡ
¸ͣͷ岻ã裬ıֻһСͷҺǸкӣȻӡԺٸ㡭
ͷ
ͻȻ˵ǸŽǸˡ
⣬ͷһֻ˵ǸϲȥͦͰġ
£
һ㶣Цʣô˼ҡϲ
Ȼ˵ͷˣϲ𣿡
СӲˣֱϲϾǿͷǷ񻨰ס¼ȾúЦеᡣ
ǸλϵҪȫµ£ϵĲԹʵ۳ľ٣􅱵ǻԺλʮ꣬ȵˡ
ͷô࣬һϣ͵ʵ۶ԣһֱӣǺùҲ֪ǲΪãҪøá
Ѿͷϴ˯˵´ǸϲǵҪòһЩһЩ
˵ûж˭ѽһֱܹԵġ
һ£ǣǸˡ
۾˯ʵǸУ̫ϲûᡣټ㣬ټǸͷһĲ
ĵԸг硣
û뵽Ըʵֵ֮졣
һ磬ڳһƬ࣬ӡشҪԣŮ˵˵ŰݷãһʾȻ
˲ϳԷ˫ȱ첽ȥǰԺӭӣǽ㣬Ц۾㣡
ѽ
ЦһǼٵĲɣ
ΧȻ˵ȴȥҼҵС𣿡
ʣȥøʲô
ϲ˵Ըϣټ㣬ȥԸС
Ц˼
á
Ҳ˹ˣһֱ棬ǸʶͷܽţܣھǣҲÿСȥġ
һ뵽վҪؾǣȥеˣٶ棬˵븸˵𸴸ȥ棬û뵽ʾȻĵĴӦˡ
ԼƣʿɴûȥкӼ棬ȥȽڣʴȥɽ̤࣬˺ЩͬкӣʲôүҵСӡ
ʻⶣٺЩС棬ʵĵȫࡣ
û͵Ϊýñ۸ˣȥ˳˸һ١
ܳͿ˵ȥ˼װɣգȼ˰
һ죬ŷԼʧˣ˵ǡ
һȥ¡
ܸһŮӹݣ˸йˡ
Ȼǣˡ
ĵ̣ôʹӸţȥɣ²š
»鷿ʱѩ
ʣɲȥؼҴʲô𣿡
ѩ˷ڣ
·ڣƺϡ档ϣһַڷϣߵţܾûʲô֪¡
ǱߣںԺ棬ƽֻ飬ö
ȥȥǼһԺĴƹһСÿɰġ
Сһ㣬Ҫҧˡں׵ģֻҸ͵һֻ
ֻƹŸһһܺãӹ͵һֻС̳ȥ
ͷһμճûõС̣ལֺСڻС˯ˣ֣ɵúܡ
ø벻Ҫʲôã˵ֻСҪҪɡ
һ˵Ҫȴ뵽ʲôԥһ£Сҡҡͷ˵ˣҲҪˣףȻһɡ
ʱ뵽ԼҪѸߴǼ̵顣
Сû׶į
ʱ˵ĸ׹ˡ
죬Թ졭ҲŸտʼ档
֣пţΪˣԵȥӭһӭ


104 
􅱲Żʵ, Ҳ
ֻ룬УǾԼĻʵλ̫ȵ, ˽뿪ôá
Ĵ⣬ڵǱߵ̶ӻ˵, , ˵ǹ, ࣬бʡ
ȴ֮һ, ˵Ҳƶũ֮Ů, ֪ռࡣ􅱣ҲŹ̩񰲡
һ㣬дڲ
ϵȵĺò, ɽȪˮñݴ􅱴򿪲յǣλƾӨĲˮ渡һĲҶ, е˵˵, ٺȵ
􅱲ɵǰ仹ڹʱ, Ҳѧ裬ʱ, ܻռˮò裬Ȫˮˮ, 滨¶ˮҶѩˮ, С̳н
յȡ
ҵŮ˿
һӻɫƽԲԽɴõϰƿ˿֦бȹڼ, ûصش磬£٣˿Ѿ֦ͷΪ
ջԼլԺҪó˵׷˲ͨиʱü˳ĿǰͦأȻòѰҲм֕iµ̬
􅱵߲ɫӹֺͲãţٿüĿ֮ǳ֮ɫ
􅱳Ƭ̣Լ²ǻʵֻۣǸ͵ıˣŸ˽δʧѡ
ע⵽ϸ΢Ķĵǲڼӡ
Ц͸ںԺС̣Ÿյؼ𣿡
˵⣬һ£ίʣʧֻ֪ĸףȴδմγƺ
룬ء
һļƱһ£˵ζ
􅱻ʲôղãƫƫıҡײƭضҡ
˵ϼдŹ˵Ǽ״ҪҾؼңյţ뾡̣ҲǴߣŲͶϽ
ϼң͢𣿳͢£􅱵дʣüһ􅱵ɫ޴ӷֱ١
׵ǸøϽȥ겻
˵⻰ʱܸоԼֺֻĵϰҪڲ
Ƴһ􅱵½ֱժӣȥȡļѪˡ
˵Ż
һƵĵعˣ·ͱСﲻһӲῼ·ľּԼǸСܲͷô̶һأҪ̫๬Ůߵ
ȹӣ󲽵ؿżȻһЦغ
􅱶֣߹ȥһû湻أ浽ٻȥòã˵棬ҪʧŵĻͳ˵㻰ĵˡ
˵ƽǿԵģϼ£øϽȥ̰棬ѵҰԼȥ𣿡
֪˵Ц»̲ס⶯˫ֲؽУϥϣš
ҲǵȲ֪صĵѹüȻźҲֻܴӦ棬Ҳڲͣظ뿪ʣ׼һ
ЦЦⲻ𣿡
ؿһۣ֪ΪʲôϸһҪںԺһкôô
룬ʣھ𣿡
􅱵ͷ˵ԵһʱҲǲɣҲóˣȻϵסڳϡ
ܲˣû˵Ҳûʲô˼ˡ˼Ҹ˵дңҾˣʵڲ񻰣ͬ˼Һú˵ˣߡ
룬ߵµǰ
ڲǹҪԳò˵ˣҲĪϲŮˣ㸣С˵ףΪµ뿪ܼǼˣдлˡ
´ס֣ؿ͵ӿһɬ֮飬źͻСҪ಻סԼİ⡣վǰȴ֪Լס
˵꣬ȥԺ͸Ҳ֪˵ʲôһû
˵ҹȥ
븴˵Żһŵģҡҡͷҡ
Զû˵ʲôˣתͷ˸ӵתȻڴʲô⡣
²߹ȥ
ߵߣͻȻһ֣䲻˵ͦϲģҪҪҼҵ֣
£
ƼҼҺǮģ͸ͬ·ȥǰɣ׼ҵ֣Ժ߸չң̫ѧ飬Ҫ٣Ҷзӡ
ȻΣҲգֻúЦ̲סЦ
ԼΪСӱƲˣһ죬صڿЦȥǣȥ֪˵Ķġ
¶ƽЦ⣬ش𣺡㡣Ҳȥ֡
ɻˣֱ˵Ů˵ʵڷǽ⡣
􅱱ڻ뿪ˣſڸʵļؿǵſڡ
ƿ󿴣ǸŮ˻վӿڣƼ̽ͷ̽ԣ΢΢һЦ˻֡
ֲҪߣǺϲҵӣ룬ԽԽֹǲʶ̧١
􅱶⣬ˣüͷһ壬ʣ˵˭
˵˵ף
ȴû˳Ļѵһضϸļӣ׼ô˵
ˣƽʱ̬ȰҲϰߣоеˣ˲ۿΪʲô
􅱰ԼϥϣһЩ죬˵ʲôȴ֪˵˺һɲ˵ϲÿ˶ΪٻΪūΪ澵ġ
ƶǶ˱ʣ˵ѹԺ˵ôԵĻˡ
Ҳ֪ΪʲôôѹСʱ򣬸˵ʱһ
􅱱İŮŰ׷˵ӰѻĹѨڿ򿪷̳ȴװŵѹͲ˵Ĺǻҡ
ͨҪѻúĻǲǵᱻڹ
ʲô׷ˣ
һ۾ϳǻ䡣
ͷ棬ͬô꣬ͷֱǻ䡣
Щ顣
Ů˿ǵ󣬲۾֮һٶƭˣҲ᲻ö
һ뿪ֻô꣬ԶỤ̊ʵ
ǸҲ֪Ǵðģģģ􅱲ȥ룬һܡ
ʲôأ
ˣȥ¶
䵱İ·֮ˣİ·ˡҲŲ³ΪʲôţΪⱲе𶼱ܸɾҲΪΪԼ
˽᲻ð䡣
ѾûӣŮҲ
Ů㲻ǺҪҪߣҲ𣿡
ڿɵӣ˵ʲôأ
ؽգˡ
գŮصǡ
Сûϳıڳֹ֣գĵʹҲǵĹƷִ˾ǡ


105 
􅱻ص, Ӽ˱ʹ
ڽ̫ãˣûձʱ, ΪAйй
˴ʢ, ȴƷԱͻ׹֮, ˱ʹ
ʹǵŮ, Ҫһݡ
ࡶ򸣡롶ݡڡǸ蹦̵¡̫ƽĽĿ, һס
ֵ, ڶãǵһߣűѹʵĻʺ, ᵥȥޡʺȥ֮ĵһ°ҹĲ, ڶŴӻ
ֹڻ, ϵŰŮʱʱؿһ, ̵ˮȥ
Ĺһϣ, ȴҶϵһ¶顣
ҵʹλãҲܿСģ
õѹۣ
λܳСÿ
Ҳܳ谮
Ӧǵӵӡ
˿, ôõؽ, ôƯŮˡ
֮Уϯ
Щ꣬δ󹬽, Ҳ𷣡
ֻһλˣ̣ͨŮװסһ棬ҪԼϯȴΪعΪˣϳȥԴ֮˸š
ʹͣȴҪһЩ
˲˼˭֪ȴ˻ʺ䣬Ժޱ䵭ǲ˵ǲִڻʺˣԸӽǺŮˣ
ţʮŮǨ裬绨һϣ
Ǹ͵öˣҲйоأ棬Ůժɴ
⹬е˽ɫһ䡣
輧üĿѹʵĻʺױ󣬵ü˳Ŀģʱйֱһޡ
ڴ˯оߵձú죬ɫѿٿѩ䣬ѩ䶼ȥע⵽輧
ǲǵﳤʲôˣŮ˺ﳤú
һ㶼Уʱðɣ輧ѹ˳ˡ
ԲܾΪһŮ˶ģ֪ΪΣʱδЩɺϡ
úͻŮ˿ɲҡ
ָʹ
һơ
룬¿˵
գбһλԭˣδʹ֣뱻ӽ˹
仹ûңŮҲ˽ֹû뵽òװԸ׽󹬣ȴ֪ɱļ˸˺
ֹܿҲ֪ˡ
һһƲʲôˣѩ䣺ѩ㣬ûλ޲ˣ˵𣿡
ѩū澲֪ūҲδ
ţȥ鷿顣
ҲڣЪϢʱǽ޲˵£Щ˶ǹⰴĸòѡҪҸ
һЩѰȨ˼ңеصģҲһ輧Ժ檣ǻʼңǲعء
ʵ˽´Ҳû۹ֹĸλûϳ谮ŮˣδʱҪйƷŮ٣һ󹬱ǻʹƽŮӵݷ˻ʺ
Ǵ뽨͵һλʺˡ
˵£ǲۡ
ֹҷɣȴҪӡ
һתһ룬˸˵ּ֪֪˸С檵Ĺ£ҽ
˾ʹճһѣʼ˾ȨĺԺ֮¡
ţӵת
ѩվһ̷һ飬֪СڴˡԽϻԺһֱЩܾģǼ˹ùһ档
⹬龫ǣüĶҪˡΪ˼£ȴûʲôϢܵھҵϲ޴ǰӹмĻȥǮȢϱﻹдܲıݲ¡
Ρ
ͳˣʱЩȻѪȴ㲻ˡ֪ˣ͸øùһߣҲһֱڹı
ΪСĸԸ
ÿοСӣùã±ּ
ùһҪСߡ
СһۣɽܾóСԽԽùˣͻԽơ
ĩ
ѩΪƷ׵Ů٣һε̽׼٣֪Ҫؼңװһӵģָʹ͡
ѩΪ⣬ʱ˵Ķǹָʹ
ŵңÿӣܵܡáϱſڵھӹ֡
ѩصңȫ˶ǹƵĹ
ѩʮţǼȢĺ͡
ﶣ˵ûϡأһӣǧ򲻿Իǰˡ
ѩЦȻڹܸȫ˸õǰָ̣أᣬڹһˡǸ֪ڹﵱūʲôӣΪء
иؽֽ
ѩȥһǮӳԣ˶ݣֽֽдż֡
ѩֽ꣬ӽ̿ˣһ̿𣬱ʲôҲˡ
ǹùøдš
취ָС֪£֪϶׶ʲôСʴȸļ棬ٿСηӦ
֪ԺҪǸʼĸʣҪǸΪ׸еġ
Ⲣѣѩ룬Сȴֳġ
ԼоСѾʼɻ˵ĻˣֻԼָСͻԼȥ顣֮ΣҲò׼


106 
ѩֻϼЪһ, һ̻عִ﹬ţʾѩǹеĵ, Ǹˣڹ, ʥ, Ķȥ, ѩҲвʶСǴʮֹ
ɫ͵Ůٷѻѻķ˿һ˿, ֻһ֧ص, ֻվǣžĹŮһͨ¾ɡ
֮ò, ѩֻƷŮƷףƹùõ, ƷŮٳжο
ʹ̫, ҵУӹſһ·صֹһסǬ幬˽ʱ
ʱ, С䳡
óһҲմһ, Ҫϴ裬ɸѩ, ѩϴˡ
ֱ۴ԡر, ѩϴѩ䣬ͻȻʣѩ, ˵С͸ź򣬵Ϊʲôǰû˵أ
ѩûͣͣĸ̵ū:磬к㣻ע޾ݡ
üԽǲ˵ԽǺ棺ǹ˵
ѩҡͷŶ˵˵ˣѩԺҲˡĸ󣬻ʻϰɣū澲Ҷ졣
ѩ⻰٣Ҳ
ϧ׸Լµˣʹû׷ȥĹĵı졣٣ҲԼоߵūвͬеĹʹΪڱ£˾Ҳеǳ羴ĸףѩ֮һߴġ
⹬£˵ףūͶǻϵūֹͣū͡
ڣֻ֪ĸ׵£ʱߵĹˣȻûһ˸̹׸˵Щʹ¡
ȥʸʸû˼ȥһס
ٰ븴棬ĵҲȥˣ˵ҵǴġ
˵ӣ֮󣬾Ԫѿǻȥˡ
Բ۾ȴûӦ뷨ֹ˵˭İΪʲôƭСģ
СôĸǵȻԱȽί񣬵Ȼ϶Ǳ˺ƭˡǰھǸ˵ЩʱûӦʱ࣬߳ѵ
һ˿޵ĴСδ˵ɵӿ
һ·ϻĥڣԽԽòԾ
û˳Ц
һӻȻԼԼʶԼǲ汻ƭˡ
ϴ裬ѩɡѬͷڸ߸ߵأһ˫СţѩСӡ
һԼϵӣȴ֮ǰǶ׸Ƕӣֻûᡣ
ͷѩӷŽױƾϻУͻȻȤ˵ȱϣҪø
źΣʣѩ䣬Ƕ˵׺ϲ䣬ϲְ
ѩ𣺡ˮֵģӣǹ
˸Ƶ
ΡѶû£Ϊסĵطʧ𣬶ջˡ
뵽⣬뵽ʲôȻʣСʱסĹջ˵Ĺʲôţ
ʵԼҲǵãջֻ֮ʰɾˣһֱûؽ֣ʲϲȥ棬ԫϱڣҲû档
ѩ𣺡޿ߵ
룬ǻʺΪʲôסʲô޿ߵ
Ϊʲôʧ
ʱչĵ􅱴鷿СԹ˯ûС
ѩ˳Ĭ£Ůദ
􅱼ڱɢųΪʲôίʵɿɰ̲סڴߣʣ˯ˣСӶ˯źóߣ㳤ؿˣһƥ㲻һֱҪһƥ𣿡
ϡʲô䲻Ϊʲôǻʺ󣬵֮ǰȴס޿ߵ
˸ңŮʲôĶƭСġŮ𣿡
ΪʲôǣһҺ˵
􅱾ڳϱɹٹɾҲûĴαڸѿ
ͯ޼ɡ
峺ɵĿһǱףݺݵسͷȾò־οŮ
􅱵ȥǰǻʹʺĳƺȥ֮׷ġ
ʣΪʲôŵʱǻʺ󣿡
􅱲Ҵ˵һûüΪʺұҲΪġ
˵꣬ĵһ֮С
еĻ䡣
ѾˣΪʲôҪŮ˵ʶַë
ҲѰɣ⻳Ϊ棬˵ĻֻԲȫȻ֪ɣڻ붼˵뻳䣬Ŀڽʹ
ͷСһѣͷ˵Ժٸ㡣
ԺԺÿζԺ·꣬Ǹӣ޲ȫ塣ʣǸҲǻʣʱЦҲˣĶײȴС
˯£û˯ţװ˯
ҹҹѩıûиǺá
˸˳ӣװοˣһס
ѩͣס̾˿Ķͷ˵ùãζ
ùãɻˡ
۾ץסѩ䣬ʣʲôùãĹùôùá
ѩ䱻ץãϱ첻˵ˡ
żزˣŽţ·һʹӱĳ˴վڰβ̤ţ׷˵
ѩ˵תһ룬ۿһ죬Ȼʣˣѩ㣬⹬ȫǸʵūֻͣ׵Ĺϧңֻ֪˶ѣⶼ𣿡
ѩ˸ƣǱƲѣ޿κε˵û֪
ͷ
ѩ̵˵ǰŮ٣С빬ŮƷй˻ʹű׷Ϊʺ󡣡
һ֪ǰȻŮ١
ѩ˵Ҹ㣬˵һӾͲźˡ
ס֣һỤ㣡
ѩ΢΢һЦҡͷ
ֻԼǸСӡ
ռʣﲻЩ飬װʲôû
ȴϸĵطֽ۽е죬ĵʣ۾ôˣ
̹Ȼ˵μףˡ
ԺڣģԼͱ
ţ̵ض˵ʣҪ
ʣʲô
С̧۽ޣʱԼ˸Ұĵ΢⣬۶ֱӵ˵ѩָЩĹְڴˣֻ̫ίˣȥй֡
ҪѩȥŮ٣ΪʲǵĸΪ¡
ʲûϵԼ˰׵ȫͷβز


107 
һֽ淺Ƶĵǰ, ѩȥйֵԺ͹ġ
ĸĽ֮·̣̩꣬У빬, ʹ߸º, ֮, ֻ˰, 㼲ȥȥ֮Ųʺ
ǺβҲûд塣
ӵĵӣǲþͬС, ʵһǼ, ȥ˲ŷ
⣬ĸŮʱĽ빬, ͵ȵɨŮ𣬾, ʮ꿼ϹѧʱǻʺߵȹŮ, ʮ굱ϸйʮ길ʵǻ, ߪΪƷй
ѩ䶼ǵһο͵͵, ûվͱ􅱷ˡѹڻĹŮˣûлعʱ, Ϊ˷ֹ, ʹӴš
Ů뿴
˺þãַŻȥ, 
ڹеĺӶۣСʱˡ
ʹôأ˵ȻֻԼȥ顣
ԭ̫СţԺٴһЩ׿ڸ֪ƿԼȥ飬¶ģССӡ
룬ǰ˾ʱ֪Լɱĸ֮𣬰ԾҪѩޡ
װɲ֪ŮҼҾƵָ͡ʹ顣
ա
Ҫٳȥ棬ϯΪȻҪȥ
һõϽ࣬յƵȹһ߿죬ȹϵݺҪ˷
ȥȥߵˣͳԺȥĵطôŻͳȥ档
ĳȻҪӴŽ
ǰĸմӹӼ˼ѩˣ˱ˡ
һòŮ󷽷ظ˸񣺡á
һӣԾ˶׽
ǾſСӣʮ겻ڹӼ飬ϴС»˼׵ȣؾصػ񣺡
ڱһǸζĹѼɤ˵˵Ųӡ
̲סЦһ£ɰ˼Сͨ졣
ȥүӣȥԺ
ϳݣûд죬ֻ׽ϼĽֵܣԼԺӰһˡ
סĴ̹һյĹͷӦ˼ڹάһҪ͹˵˽ӣ˵ò˵Ҫ뿪Сﵥһ
ţ
ѹ˵Ҵ£Ѿˣ˵һ¡
˵⣬¶֮ɫ
ĵЩԤУ߬˫ȭʣ
˵ţʱ̫̫߻󣬵ʱϲĸΪ󣬶ǿ׸ҵĵճŮҪΪ󡣡
~~~
ϡ
ٰ
еĴ󵱼Ҵҹһ˼ңһؼҾͰԼĳӽн鷿̸
󵱼ҽű˵»ˡ
ɫҲÿǰǶ̸𣿡
󵱼ҡҡͷҽصͨгԾƣһұȥ˼նա
߶෽ôǮȥΪöӡ
Ǯȫˮˣ춯š
ʣǱ˭غˣ
󵱼Ҵ𣺡˵ǸðİС
͢յ˰̣²ʱ㴫ˡ
ǰֻ˵ðив岻Ĺϵû뵽أأȻԽһţѻժ֡
ֻǸŮӣȴϸǺڰ·ӣҾ㱻ˣԹȴҲ鷳
Լơ
ѹûд㳯͢ˣղȥոûֵԼͷϣٸʣ˵ǻüҪǺ
ŵǮҪײҪ
ˡ
Ǯˣ¶ͷβ͸Ρ
Էһ»Ƕ಼һʲô⣬ʱܳ뿪
ǱߵƹҲһЩϢ˵һˣ˵ФѹʵĻʺֻˣλȴ͡
˾֪
¼ֻЦ֪ǲǻҪһ飿ڻڹУ˵Ҳôˡ
ָʲôָĺ⡣
Ȼðߡ
􅱵ҲûбĺӣĴ㣬Ƶôߣ˵ǳ谮˭֪ǲͷΪ߹ĵ·
ֻһ˫ŮǹͷŲ¡
Ҳ֪ʹѾ֪ˡߣһ֪ǵȱ塢֮ˡ
~~~
ϳԹƣ̫δɽع
һû˯ãԺﷴ˵ĻҲ֪ԼѣμȰ棬һȴǣһİŮ˵ǻʺҪŮĸ
ҹѹһۣ⡣
􅱾Ĵͷ
ŮجΣֱӽΨֻ˵ϰ㣬ֽҽج
һѹ􅱾Ͱû˵ȥʲôһͷجΡ޿ɲȥˡ
־£ίߣ۾򸸻ʣ˵ô
􅱲ʶԼǲ̫ˣһЩ˵ǵ㣬Ǳʲôˣ
ҧҧĥ˺üˣʶ磬̲סҪôߣǱˡʣ˵㱾ΪҲûãҪȢŮ˵ʺ󡣡
Ƕ˵ĸǰ޲ôͻȻûˣ
􅱣
ֱֱʧ͸ʣסǲԾģ


108 
ǲԾģ
􅱿С, һ£ʱĻ䣬ĸŮ, ֲͬ
սǻ꣬ȴûôô׳, ݵŶѿ, ŴɨͥԺɨʱ˾һܰߡ
Ķȴ, һҲССô
װۣһƻԲཡ˵С, ֻǵ, ǰǿ
룬Ҫ̹һЩǲǲˡ
ž, Ψ߱©ĵˮ􅱵ĺĬȻҹɫ֮, 𣺡ǡ
􅱾𰸶˵̫, ʵ粻粢Խ, ԽԵá
ۿһӺˣ, ҲֻǸСӡ
ΪԼҸСС, ˵ȥ, ڵĿǸõź
Ϊమġ
׾ȻԾ
һᣬҭҭؿ
ͷɢعűӣ޷Ϊجγ麹ʪ, Ͽ޵öᣬǸСؤһ
Լˡ
􅱼ۣΡ
Сʱ֪ԼǸΨһĺӣܳǸ
ǿ⣬ֻб谮СӲÿôۡ
ſǻΪʲôҪԾأ
η𰸣ƫҪʵβһɰʵ׵ļơ
ͷˣ˵ȴǶĲأΪԵʧʧˡ
ʣΪҪȢŮ˵ʺ𣿡˵ڣӿ˳޵ǸСһ
􅱵˵ͷҡҡͷһӺܾǰԵʧ͸ˡ
Ǵʲôʱʼأ
ΪǴŻҪΪ
Ϊû仳Уִŵǿع
ٺΪǴǻ֮ѡŮӯ󹬡
ǵģǵġ
ûһͻأת۵㡣
һһεԼģŻ䣬ȴ󣬱
ֻʣŮҲĿ⿴ʧ͸
Ϊľĳٶ۵ؿʼ
뻹ҪȻҲգȥӽ
˽⻳䲻ˣҪȨơҪֻҪһģΪԼļˣϧݺΪССŮ͸Ҫʺ󱨳
ѷǸȨƵĻ䣬ȸҳ֣׼ֻǸҲߵ
֪ҡ
ǸŮˡ
ͷصؿ􅱺ޣΪۣ˯ˡ
գź׵۾ȥϿΣ̫һСüԵ̫䣬ηһţȿ
ȻƽӵŮѧǴӵۣദˣСŮһôˣ
һ˵һʾ͵ᣬʣӶһĸ˵ǺҪĶԲԣ
һŮӣĺӶҪҲҪȥһǺĺˡ
̫̾˿£ǹĸǻʺǲѰĸ׺ͺӡ
ҧҧǿ˵ǵģֻ׵ŮΪȡ֡
޿ߵһûˡ
ʲôûֻ֣
Ҫס
ΪΣĺӶףֻûС
ʺͱŮ˺ӣЩӾͻԼףĸȴҪָЩˡ
ԼǸԶӵС̫ôƪ£һƪҲѧȥʡ
ڳʱֹǬ幬Ĳĸס޿ߵ
֮һƬո¡
Ǩ³ͻȻǰǶֹ֪СʵӦһŮԳȴҲûУһ˹סôһ
˵ūͳȺȱչˣȴȻԵùŹ֡
⸸Ů֮䣬û֪ôһ¡
ǻϵ飬ϸõĹŮÿնŷʹͣ˶ֹ֪δʧ衣
죬ȻԵø䡣
􅱵ǻʮһ졣
ѩһһ£ѩߣˮԱʹǾǸ֮أඳˣÿնʬ屻̧ȥ
ʡѩΣӶѿ⵹ˣһ飬̷߼۵̽Ӳûܻ
òӦ꣬ڰ
ֲ֪ðһﱩͽĴΥʩ콵֣˵λǴȨλԲŻǻʮ꣬ȴһӶûУүҪӾ
ץŽȴֹסԡ
ҲôҺ󹬣á
ô꣬ͲʹֻҶ
ںĶ죬ҲøĲ񻯣ڴ϶ɹ˴졣
ˮ·һ¾ʹŸϾס֮д˷ţ˵İ͵˹
䣬Ĺ۶סڹУĴСһܲŻһμңյţǸģٴ
ˣһۣ֪ҽ
ȥҸʣ˵ȥڽϽǸС顣
һָ֪䡣
ѾԸȥҪ˵β̫ҽǲȥˣαȥأǹв죿
ԽԽϲ죬ͷӣû˵Ҿȥ
˵һףһ;׽
􅱵ֻȥգ˾ͻߣŮߡ
Ӧ¡
գһ۵ĳ
􅱻һ·һڰһŮ
֪ҪȥԼס
ȴ֪Լ䡣


109 
ȥ, ΢˽ã⽫ԼصȹóΪƽ׽, һζûŮúӸ, վҲܿɰ
Ҫ, ѩ, һȥ
ŵĵַھһ˽˷ᣬԺһЩƽͷգǲС, , ֵֺ塣
ĳ֮УҲۡ
ȴ룬߻ӵĵضȷǺò, ˶ңǯֽ, ˽˳߶ȡҲֻĲˡ
һ˼ǰͣ, Ůƿӣ߳, վȵذ
һ, ƺƵؽȥˡ
Ǵ𣬾Ǯ, Ҳһõ, ŵԺӲô󣬱ľҪСܶࡣ
ԭҲھǳסޡ
ԺڴŸӭ, ȴûֻǰ
ɻʣأ
˵ˣ䣬µأء
ԶԶؿһۣ֪ǻ䣬߽Щȥңô϶ᷢ֡
类֣Ժˡ
􅱿Żһӣ಻һڹŵ˲䣬·һȥͻǱϷƵıûˡ
߻ϣһ̤ȥһҩζӣü
ª治ͬﲼõúܺãŵȣů͵ģźĲ˹ë̺ůϺõë֯ɵë̺ʹҲУһȨҲ򵽣û뵽ȴǲҪǮƵڵϡ
Ҳֻע
ڼ˸ʱȵ۾
СȥСкȫûߣˣůòأȻˣССϣҲҪѹһ㡣
һС⣬ɫѩף촽Ҳϡ
Ф˶˵ܿ
ȥһֻСèһ⣬ĵСܹȥôˣ
һʮεģԼΪǣҲףҡҡͷ˵Ҳ֪С
룬˵㻹ǻشŰɡ
ĶͷһֻɰС̣˵Ī£Ҵ򡣡
粼ޣڲС˵׸ҹˡ
˵ǲһȻţԻȨţǹԵõԼҪľĶʵڲУȥ󸸻ʡ
ҡҡͷ㣬лл㡣
øɿɰСкʹĽëȥĹԣ˸ܵܡ
һμ;ú׽̲ס긴ӣſţ֪طˣΪǳЩ
ϴôûĻ˵񸸻ʡ
֣ʣ㣬Һ㡣
ǳ˵ֻĺ˵ףҾԼҪˡҾٶס

δûҪ˲ʱ㣬ҪѸȻ
˵ʲôɥһġ
͵͡šһصͷ
ʱע⵽ôˣ
һݣעȥȴûݵŮ˲ˡ

ɴ֮һˮŮ
عͷĳŮ߹ź͸һѣòȴȫͬ
˰΢ϸϣŻζҡҷһiӣԼФƵСŮ
ԭأŮ˺̫ˡ
ϥǵأڵϣƽ
ĵȴһŭ⣬Ӿ޴лعŭίص˭
ͼѹԼ⣬ôҲ̲סǸףҲס
ն˵㲻ǣ
ֽŶڷҪߡ
С֣ʵ˵˵òãһһͻЦ߸´ʱͻẰˣ־ҸģŽŵпź룬ͷ
գϣ̫ܽƽ޲
ۿҲˣ£һԲֻҲҪ뿪ˡ
һСһһϵ˵㡣
ǰܺ˯СļɬϤĸУ
ί֪ΪʲôǾŮûƭ
Ѫֱڸס
રવصᣬҭҭʣ㲻ôֻأ
ĸ׵ӵĺӣεصԲȻӦҲһ˷ڻʹ
һˣҪҪߣ


110 
һ, Ҫش𣬻ȴס¶ԥ, ˵
뿪ʱûһ, Ƿ, ίʵ絶ʡʧô, ͻȻڱҪߣԸְ뿪ȴҲ
ҹζ, ޲ʱ͵ŮԶ߸߷ɡ
Ѵѩ䴫֪, ֪֮н٣һ׽ˡڹ⣬Ǩ֮۷׷ס
Ը, Ŵ⡣
ͷ, ҭ, ˼˺һ̧ͷ, 㲻ܻع𣿡
һǲףȥ, 㲻ͻȻˡ
Ȼˣܻعʺ𣿡
¾Ĭ, 촽, 
һ˫۾ӯӯӳԼӰڿһ, ־Ŀơûôֻ࣬ܺһԼѡ
һζӴ˶Сӡ
ǺҪף׻عʺһĸǸ
¶׵Щ飬빬֮ûٶ˭ˣϢƽѾһΣܻعʺ󡣡
֪ΪλᡮΪҪһع
оȴ֮⣬ǰץסӣ̵ֲ˵ΪбŮҪĻʺ£һ㣬⣬Ů뵱ʺ󡣡
һؿڶϢ֮Уҡҡͷﲻع
ش˫ϣ˵ҲҪ㸸ʣ֪𣿲ȻⱲӶҲˡ
ƺ˵˼ϾСһӾͿˣһ˵ŵ˵ͷ
ڴϵĸ
ĸŮעȥ
¸Ͻȥչ˸ˣڴߣ뱧ḧһŻ
֪ʱҲߵߣŸˣȴ͸ռʱͬˡ
ʣҵĵܵܣ׺͵ĺӰɣ
»عͷ˵
̧ͷչһЦá
ͷŸƬֿ̣ס֣ȵ˵Ҿ˵ôһϲԭҵ׵ܵܣڼףҲеܵˡ
ܵܣͽи𣿡
ͷȾձ죬ֹסؿ֣ػ㡣
㡱ȴǰһˣͨͨͣ
ǰ¶˵ͽҪҸҡǧ㸸ҵ£Ҳˡ
صͷ֪ˡ
´óһӸʲôжƣֻܴȥ
ޱظգһĶͷۿһ죺㡣
⼸꣬ÿҹÿҹ㡣
ſֱۣŽӵһ£ɵ˵Ҳ㡣
􅱲̫ӽֻԶԶؿӣҲûð̫ӽȥ͵ĸŮĶԻ
׼ǻҪ͵Ҳһֻ۱һֻ۷Źˡ
˺þãżŴ򿪣ѩ߳סػͷ
Ҳ֪˺ʱſżȹ˻ȥ􅱻ϡһ
ĶҪˡ
􅱾ԼǸ񼫵ĻˣҪΪӣֺĸӷ롣
ʲôǿˣȴҲҾŻ䣬ȵȿҪʲôɣ룬ǲǻĺҲδ֪ҲǼٵģö벻ǣӦĽڶѡ
ǽڵʱ̫ϲã˵˺ö໰µ˺һ뿪ûã;ۣԺ˯ˡ
ֻ˯ȣںѩѹ˵
ùãôС˵Сȥ򵥵ģڻʵ۵ߣҲûʵɡ
̫ˡ
ôˣ
߳Ҳ֪ô̵ģ˵úܺôСͻԹɫˡ׳̾˿ҲȫҲʧְû׵ĺӣҪȱĺӶ೤һϲС֪ʹʲôõط
ùá
Ҳȥ£Ϊ
ѩĬʣǽȥǺãĲϲˡ
˵зӡ
۾һ߻ĴͷĶͷ
Ӷµͷ⣬ĸ᲻¡ʱΪĸӣ뱻סֽţȴҲȻҪӣҪ
ν
ƾʲôŮӾͱΪأʮ»̥ܾʹġĺӡ
һӴŮ˵Ķĸ˵ĲȷϣȴŮ˵ġ
Ⱳڱ΢ʲôˡûʲôҵġ
ѩ仹Ȱȥȡ􅱵ļѪȻ򵥵ģʵںݲȥȥԼĺӡ
̻֣
ֻ֮ۏһ˻ˮ
ҵǸ֮ˣǸФԪ輧֮󣬾ȨҲҺˣڵ֮􅱲ȡš
ȥ
ȡ􅱵ļѪҪ·£ȴó
Ǻʵ
ϣ׸С棬ȻֻһССӣһ׸Ķʲô챦ϡ
ȥؿӵĽһġ֣·ļ
ĥһ·һعָӹŮ幫͵ȹû߰ذ·̯Ͽ
ȹӵĽҲҵһ֣óһԣһģһȻǳͬһ֮֡
ǽһѵһЦݡ
ﳩˣû
ԭϲȹӾġ
ݺһֱάֵʴ鷿ҹĻ£˯ڶƤӰϷһҲӼį
ﻹţʲôʱҪһ档
ȺҪӣⲻһСʱȥ棬Ҫ˵кܶ໵ҪҪЩӽӽ
װɲ֪ˣԽǿģԽᡣ
һִģǻһͲҪˡܹ˭أֻܹô¡
ЦЦڿʲôأ
˵ڿ¹ǡ
ĵ꣬ų裬ϧʵû֣ûǻ߰壬􅱻ÿúá
ϣ鷿Ъ¡
ҹܹ˵ҲҪ鷿˯
􅱶һ䣬ھУôĵطȴȥϡ
װ˯ţװˣ˵˸Σμ·ˡ
􅱣
Ϊܴ˵ҾﲻҪ㣬ΪҪȢŮ˵ʺġˣģʺ󡭡
􅱶ɵˣ͵Цû˵ҲڳЦ죺Цʲô
ͷлл
ɻ
ڱ⴦ӢڰУһմƿݸ˵ڵϡ
ԣ˵ˣƿˤɼ꣺ˤˡ
􅱵ƿָܻ׾ͻԸߡ
ñƿӸҡģȴֹһ£Ͷɡ


111 
÷, ʶʱ򣬾ͱꡣ
СִֻʼֻĸµһСŮ, ҷ͵͵飬ʼ͵͵
ﱻۻ, ÿλ仹ǻļⷢ, ͻʶںڰమںڰ, Ψβڰе㺣Ψһһ⡣
ֻѾ˵Լжమ䣬һģ
ҪŮڹȫӦ, ˵ʵۡ
޵ǻ֮, ûҲûǮƣֻ빬ʱԴ, ԼӵȫµһУԼµĳŵ, ׼뿪
û, ΪʲôҪ빬ڻʹѵ浱ҪʣȻ𣿡
˵׹ô, ϲϸʺ, Ҫһʼʺ󲻾𣿡
ơ
ëСѾͷףȴһҶĿ
˵֮ǰйһ, ҪĻ, и籣ˡ
ڹУʵڲԸãͷ, ʳԶʣƭ°㡣
ȻֺҾѾΪ㣬ӦѾģٴ뿪ˣԲ⣬ҴŮ˵ʺ󡣡
Ҳ˸˶˺ܾò֪
˶Ļ䡣ʱգ뵽ʱԼĻ䱻Ѫ˼£Ȼͷʹʹ֪һǼٵġ
ʱܸ侲һ㣬ûôᱻƭȥ
ûǳϷҲ֪˵ôҪڵǰԾˡ
ǲ֮ĸ̫СˣŮ֮¡
ǵף˱顣
ֹһЩԺԺ֮һ򲻸ȤʵĺҲмλƽû˸
Ҳ̫ףΪʲôǲϻػʹʺ
􅱽꣬Ů˯ˣЩ˯ɡ
Ҳ˯ˡ
μ뻳αװƽ޳׵£ǰ˵檱΢һУΨʣģȴʵڲ׸
ӵɽĺӦȱġ
Ǹ΢ŮӣԼȴǸֵиˡ
һУȴǸѪˣ᲻ˣܱ϶ã߳󣬿ɱԼö˰ɡ
Ҳ֪ôߣءȾɡ
Ÿβ£Ҫҽ͹ȥҲ£ȻǸкӴֻǸڣһóƵĴȥ
ΪСԵʣ̫ҽԺмλʥ֣􅱵λ̫ҽһλҲ֪Ǻ£Ϻ͹ȥ˿ûʣ˳ֱӱ͵һصլ
ԭǸһСӿ
ҽ֮£Բܵ
һ·û˵û࿴ܲܲˣⲻãһɫ΢䡣
⺢ӣʵϡ
̫ҽپǰһڣƺԼʱܱڣǰߵģȻΪԸȽϳȣҿڷ
ѵǻϵң
һֱӣˣôӻعȥ̫ҽţװɵȻؼ
Ȼһ̫ͨҽɫѿûôİէһСкɫ;ü֣ϸ֮ƺĻҪ֡
̫ҽʣСӿй
µڻʱйұĴ򿴹˵Ĳ̥Ķء
̫ҽʣ֪еֶ
֪ĲΣҽҲȫգбķӣò􅱵ͷѪ͸ˡ
õļҩһҲڶţҲ֪ɷΣҵʱһŪٳ棬ܻܰѸǸ漣
ҡҡͷ
̫ҽѰˡ
̫ҽĥ˰Σһӡ
øƽճԵǸӸ̫ҽ׵ԭķӳ԰ɣλˣķӱҸ
Ҳһ˿ֵĸоȻѾһλҽҽȻȲһ
̫ҽĥ̫ҽԺֵֻһСҪչˣС念ƽûʲôˣżеĸ߹ȨҵĺӿҲûʲôë
ôӣҽôҲŲ£صúúоһ
̫ҽ»ؿɷƽظСӿĴһأ
µͷ
̫ҽüػ̫ҽԺȥˣһ·϶ˣһȥȥҽ飬̫ԣ㱻̨װ
ŻӶûȣͱټ
̫ҽϽȥЩأ֪ǰͷŵڻʹ͡
ʵڿϲŭ
􅱲ǸСȽϹĻ䣬ʻڵСӡ
̫ҽ𣺡λСӲʱ޶࣬ǲƴ۵ҩҲֻٻһꡣ
û뵽ǸСкҲء
֮󣬻عȴ룬仹ǰǿۣŰѺӴܲһ˳θĳǰǸ˭׸ģҲ׶һ
˭ȴᡣ
¶Ҫˣס􅱵ȫΣҪʲôҩľȡã޶׼
̫ҽȴĵףĲ²ⲻǸ˵ǻϵ˽ӣûġ
~~~
СԺ
ױ̨ǰһǰеԼжݣ泯죬ʮģʮ껹⸱ģ
ָԼԭСĵطˣֻʣǳɫСӡǣԡ
ۣУһ͸סˡ
ԾüԼװòԼһЩ֮ǻ䣬ֲǻ䡣
мֲֻʣ·ˡ
ǰһˣֻԼաһμҪӣܱϴҪ򵥡
ʵڲУֻסҲԣ׬ôǮһǡ
˶ҪȴðɲԼͷۡ
»ױľϵһŮȡ£ãٴŮڣվؾǰգŮڡ
ǺŮʿģ
ĵͻȻһͻȻ
ҲȤҪȥ׽Ūʵۡ
룬ǰңû뵽ô꣬Ҫáȥˡ


112 
ع㹬
÷ߵСŮȥŷ, ʹǮӴ㣬ʳвٵ͵ˣ˶, ԺͱԹȺۿ˵͵ģȥСսʱ֪ж, Ŷá
ع㹬ǵ͵ס, ȫǳڡ֮, ÿһСݣŮʳһ, ʳǱʲôͳʲô, ʱʱˡ
÷ǽ˾輿ϵﳼ֮ŮͬԺӵСӶǻ빬, ڹ꣬иĿɽ, Ϊ, ̡
÷æûҼס, ҹ˵λһ, ָᱻֻǸСС, ĸǡ
û뵽Լôá
빬ô˳
ֻһ, ͷӣҪ֪ʹ, Ѿûˡ
סʱֻ˸ڣȴû̫๬Ůҵڵع㹬ϺõģϣܿԺĻ
ӴȥƼԺеãһɴͺĴܰ㡣
ûʲôθڣҳڣ˿ӣʳָ͵Ĳ˶ΣҶԣҪġ
˵˵ʺһΡ
ɫչ
Ź⣬ͭ̿ʣ۽ŵ룬ȥ˳¡
˸ʺĻ񣬻ʺŲ룬꾵ˣ룬ûиʺأ
һմˮˡ
һʵ֪뾿ĸλãδЧµù׾ӡ
̾˿δأСԺ洫һЩ춯
÷ڴ򷢻ȥһĻ˵סһλµˡ
÷ڽ֮󣬻¶ŮɫʼȤ½½λˡ
ͬһص㣬ʺ
գ÷ڹȥһյʱ䣬Ǵһ±˴ˣ÷ھûԼʺһЩ
ȥԺ󣬹ţʻģǼ棬˭ʺ㲻ǴСʺ𣿡
ĵ񡣡ʺϸߣ߶ɡ
ļ仰˻ȥ䲻񣬼λ˶
ʺйʱǻʹɷǷŹƵģ˿һ۾Ҫ÷ڣ˿ˣϧ
˵ľͬܵûϵĳ谮ĸŮ˶ʺʱİɣ
÷Ļȴûаģָӣ
ϵ߶ȥɣ̸ֺ£
һӣ϶Իʺһ
ĳǣɲ𣿡ǣô겻׽󹬣һĸССʱҪΣ˭Ų
Сˣϲ°֮¼ʼ߶
һˣΪһŮ˳ô꣬Ů˶ҪҰ¹Ӱӣʥ
÷ȴ
շΪʱҹһϡ
ϼޡ
ʵֻǽȥ˵˵
ǰӢʮˣ಻ˣ˵ҲᣬƽŴ𻰡
ϴЦס꼸꣬촽һ䣺ʮ
ΨһԽеĵط⹬еӶҪ˲Ƕϲ
Цһͷһ°ֱͣ죬˵ȷ
ȻùŮȥԡ
ӣһ˿ڱصŻңǿһû˯ȴûȵϹͱŮŴ·ȫȫβͻȥˡ
ֱ죬ûټϵڶ 
ֻع㹬һһͽʺŮˡ
ʲôʱأ
÷նΣֹдŮ˶Ρ
ЩзλӻãҵλǣȱʳҵЩСС
Ҳ֪ǲ壬ͻȻǬ幬̫࣬˵ǻϷӣҪȥޡ
÷ڴϲÿÿڵţʱ̲ҵҲһԡͷ磬ͷ˿ָ׼ⶼ׵ֱӱɸȥˡ
÷һΣܸоȻع㹬ûţȴڴŷ촰쿴Ľؿڶһ֮У
룬һҪûʱȹ˻ϣ˵һΣеڶβǣ
ȥûֱӼϡ
أ
벽ҶҲû£վ˰ʱȶˡ
ʱһ󼱴ٵĽŲǳˡ
һСŮŲ߰һŰ͸Ķ쵰ȹдҪɳһ㡣
ټĻʹ֮УͣĴߵСֻһ
ֹ
ϵ顣
ŮˣЦһصߣһҲôݰͰһ͡
÷Ǻ죬æ񣺡򸣡
վ̫ãЩ飬ȥʱСȶһӣмǶ𣿡
ʱˡ
􅱼÷ڣм־ȣȻһ֪ôˡֻĬĬȻָҪɹٲһ֪ԣСʱĸô£Ǳ軵ˡ
ɼˣ᲻Ů˵䡣
һˣס˵Ҫݣݡ
ζشӦ˵˾仰Ȼǣˡ
÷ؿŻ뿪ջϲһֻܰסʧ飬űͻع㹬ȴûйŮźˣһò˺÷Ҫԡ£һƫƧС޹
룬ѵҪӦС
ִ񣬵ŻϹ
􅱴鷿ȥһѡ
ӣһŴݡ
һҪڳϸļӣСѾͷ
ëʣ̧ͷϻһĨɰЦضԸ˵ʣʣһúòãݣһ͸һ͸һԼ档
һ˵˲й
ԣҪȥġѡ̽Ҫȥ롣
õĻᣬԼ⼸ڳԼû˳ߡ
˵һòã
룬˵ͻһص
ʣô缸첻˵ڲ
ֱ׳ҽ뵽
ŮԣһһҲû취
˵ҪݣСʱ˯ˣ˰ȥ˯
􅱱˯ջҪ̳Ϊݣһû˯ѽ˽йһָ㣬һѧ۾˺Ѫ˿ˡ
һӷݣһܷݣһӥݡ
һֱ꣬ӻϴǧڵȥ̳
ǰȥһۻ˯ĶԼٶһ£᲻÷ˡһģת뿪
һҹδߣСһ
Ժ˸جΣμصУ˵СҲˣ£֪ѱ䰲ȫߣԸ˵Сˣˣ׵ظһ
֪ɻܼˡ
תѡ
Լ׼λȥӦΪŮûˡ
ʱ֣д֮
􅱻ѣվڸߴ֮Ʒϵĳ͢߹٣мλְԱ
λõü˳ĿؽǾϡ
һλԼʮֻͣһۣȻɫüĿ·Ȼֱķ顣
Ҫǣʺ
Ҷֱֻ㶵ؿãʧ񣬹һŻع
􅱰Ͱ룬˳
ȥѩ֣ȴ֣ôڼ룬ſɰա
ֱԴɡ
ⲻôأҪʲô


113 
, ٻ£ѾǸŮõӰ
ɫ·ֻһע⵽, ֻҴƳһۣϾ˼, ڻްҹɫ֮, ǷֻĻþ, ϴˣ
􅱽֧իǵĵѽͼĵýʹ͡
ּǸüĵá
վ˺, ͷ, һԲ
􅱻һ£ĬԵй䣬Ҳ, վǣ¶׵, ˳ᡣ
žҹɫȻһ꼻, ڡ
ǻ䡣
Фٶ࿴һۣ􅱼ȷ, ǻ䡣࿴ֲۣҿ
, Ưͭ嶣
վڰ, ʲôӰ, һꡣ
ע⵽􅱵ߣ̧һۣȫʶ, һ˿Ի󣬷ɿջĿ⡣
ԼУ˵ĻǸ磬ĶУֻŻ䣬һڣɢˡ
û˵˵
ֻϸϸض࿴˼ֲۣͬüëϸһЩһЩһЩ۽µҲˡ
ϵû˿ֻǸˡ
һл˵ƶ壬л¡
µͷü
Ϊעʹڣȴĵ׷􅱣ŷ֪֡ô􅱡
ϸ룬ʱϸҪ׽
Ĵ
ûС
ǰôأ
ʱʱûȥʲôֻǻϲɣԼ˵ҪعҪƣԿƲסԼ࿴һۣ˵һ仰
ֻĿӴһɲǣۡ
ĵȴһɢɳҲ
ڰѸ¶ҪԼĺӡ
תתȻߵһ
òȥˡ
Ǯˣ˵ܸȨ⣬ԱҲС
ѩ׸֪ȥҲҪô취һܻзӡȴЩɵӺЩ˲ʲô
ԣԼˡ
ѾǰˣأûӦ
ռ˺ܶ
֮Ǻ񡰻ʺ󡱵İ􅱶üˣΪʲôʲô
²ɵе㷳ꡣ
􅱲ǾͰڣ
ˡˡǲѰĴ硣
ζ𣿻ǣ
ֻϽƭ·ȡͷѪȥȸ
Ĳȥˡ
ͷβҲûٶ˵һ仰
£ڵⱻס
~~~
壬塣
һֱع֮Ȼĥ֣ףҪʲôǻҪŮ𣿶ѾĬܴŮˡ
ѵûޣ˻ģ
أ
􅱻عʱҲѾˣſϣһߺСһ߻􅱻תͷûԱߵĹŮԸͶְ㱼ȥ
˳ְŮŻϣڻʲôأ
˿ֽϣһСкһСŮһŷݣûѧ񻭵ͷСΪ
ʣʲô
˵Һ͸һŷݡ
ǽһȥŷ𣿡
ûС´ôܷŷأ汿
һ˵һ߽ŻԱ߻ģˣҲһһŮ
􅱲ã˭
ָŶӦĽɫ˵ǵǡסϣȵˣܴһȥŷݡ
􅱵ͷͷаػһʱҲ⺢Ƿָ
װûµʣ𣿡
ͷ˰˸һ֧Сӡ
ϵϵժչʾ􅱿׹һ֬Ӵ˫ᣬԺ̽ɫɣƯҺϲ
􅱾ȻּʣʹӲӣҲǷ¡
ҪƽϵĲ¡
˸׵ĻǸĵأ
ֻǳúһŮˣ
ܳôѵи˫̥òɣ
􅱽İʻѩǻĸ􅱶ФѶҶԣЩ껳֪Ķ򣬹бߣֻ֪ѩϢ
ھ˶꣬˷忰̾
һֻ۱һֻۣҷŹݲ
Ըδ̫ӽ̽Ҳû׷ˣֻŮ˽˾˭Ҳû
˶¡
̴¹ϣĿĵӳƤϡ
ȥѩ֣춯仹в֮ͽɿ
ûնŮ鳤
ҲţҪʲô²͸ԼΪŮԸ⹰ˣ
һһģ޿ҪΣɽ
ţ棺ūҪ
􅱵
Ϊϲߵߣ൱ƽ˵£λӣūΪˣǸϻŮӣĸʲŶţԼԸһųģĽʡ
􅱣
롣롣
룬Īʧ˲ɣǱа


114 
ۡ
Ķࡣ
ȥѩ˲, ﻹЩƶũеıѹéݣֻǶ, ˶ˣ͵Ҫеʿ̷
ڴ˰֮ɽиС, ȷΪŮ, Ǹ¶ױ, ֮˳µ˵ãʦһֱɽ֮Уǳ, ˼ǵĵ𲢲ʢ, ѩ֮УʦȥزסصĻѩ, ʹʧѰѵıӻ
Ȼ˰׼̶ӵ乫, 乫ӸһǮ, ݡ
һ֮󡪡
Ͷۣڿҵ, òϲһǮ, ʱͱΣڼĳڻǰ¶
Ҳо, Ϊ˰, ¹һ
􅱻ع֮Ȼ, һЩĻġŲɹۣǺͰøʲôӻۻ
ȸߵܵĵ徲֮أһųȵ̰֮ġ
Ĵ߶Ϊիȡ
˵ʱ򣬾һ̧İپʬ壬֪жû죬ôҲǵһѩµôĶ졣
Ǵ˲״ο𴦣Ͼ·ϣ˴ҥԣ˵ʥϵʩλŻᵼ´ֽ١
Ҳû֪􅱵λȷʵ׵ǵڲ˲д˴λگǻ֮ʮǰЩ겻Ƿ˳үҪαصڣ
ѧ࣬߶߶ǰš
ΣԶߡ
۵С·ѳ۵Ұݡ
ȴɵ룬ѩֻǵһ⣬ѩ֮ǶԻʵ۵Ŀ飬Ҫֹ߸Ұһ
˵Ϊ̫ˣ£øعٸ˰Ѳ߻ᣬ˹ǻᣬôڹд֣ȥûеĻɹٸˣλһ𳬶ȡ
һ·Ϲ»֣뾩ԽĵطҲԽȶʹѰʱ򣬾ǵסΡнҲûǼۣһֱлȻһЩȴҲûϹ
ɻԴ˳ѩ׼Ӧ
ţ˹
ȥˣߵĴ̫͡
д㣬Σ⣬׼
Ĳ࣬􅱻˹͵͵ߣϾԳ£ܲôġ
Ҳ􅱣ǰˣȻʲôȫװġ
ƣ˶Ź
ޡ
΢΢һЦӭǰɷװģڣֱ䣬΢΢Ҿܹܡ
Це˿дˡ
иƨĸ롣
˵Ҫߡ
ʣɵûѣ
ȴֹ·˵һͺˡ
ôĵ׶􅱵ıĸҪ÷
˳˳ǣһǽԺ֮С
ʱܲͷ
􅱵·ˣȡѪ£չ
֪ΪΣĵָһ˿Υ˷ܡ
ѾܾûָоˣЩҲ˵úܰƽоκˣо϶ԣȲ֮
ıҪɱһ֮
ٵصˣһɫƵӣţֻ䵭ض˵ˡ
롣
ЩͷԣֻΪװģָʹһ£ϰһ
̵һҲ
Ȼ塣
ʤһܡ
ԭʤδҲ̫ˣµ߰㣬Ρ
ŵһ档
ҲףԼӵ۽ӳΪǵ𣿻ĥʲô
ѾԼҽԺûҪ֡
룬􅱴Ů˶ɣ˭ҪһȤֻеһʱٰ֣
ĵЦһ
ʱʲô˾ˣα
ꡣ
ӣո߳硣
Ӯˣ޿ɴӦ󣬵ҪʲôܸΪضӦŵ
􅱼ȲҴˡ
ҪʲôأǸȨյĵ£ʲôܸ


115 
Ͻһ, ûսĴ˿Ӵɣһɫ, ӹߡ
ȥشغá
ֻ쪷ǻ
һԲ, Ȼȥ, ı, ұƯһ鷢ϣ, һͷ
Ȼʶ, ұ꣬ǵһ˵ᡣ
Ҳûš
Ƕˡϵøࡣ
, һļ̣ⷢϲԳ, ֻ紺ﱻɹȵһ̶Ϫˮ, 
ֻ룬ȥô, Щúܺãá
, ܴĥ
һȦ, δͨôͻȻ˵ôͷԵĻºγԣҲǵñйԼпʲô᣿
􅱵˴㡣
̧۽, һۣߣ޵һλ, ޿ǷࡣɼԵܰ쵽Ϊȥ졣
£
½Ӳվǰ۽ޣн˫ȭ
һ嵽ؿڣֱӲ˻ȥ
޶˳ķŭֱӷȣһֱΪԼ뿪ôңڣͲ􅱵飬ҪȢ檣Ҳ뼺޹أϣȥһܳûŮҪ
һ·ģ
װʲô
Ѿˡ
˼뻳ŮңԼĵĺں
Ǻεȵαơ
͸ǰɣ
ҪͷѪҵĺ
仰ߣȴ޷˵ڡ
޷ҪƱõģǰڻǣΪǮȨÿ˶Ķ˽ˣԸԼ
􅱡
һɣ˵ǸܸģҪȴܸİɣ
֪֪û
ԴȴƲһСŮŪϷˣ􅱾Իᱩףӱˣú£ֻ鷳􅱿ɱƲɱҪĥйޡ
侲һЩ
􅱽թ˽׵ر¶ԼĿġ
􅱼һֱ˵룬ͻˡĻһֻ˲ߵСޣⳤ˼צľȻĿ׵
ֻ·࣬ͷöʵϾ˼Ů˽飬Ըֱ˵ͺˡ
˼ãָ׳ڵۣǰδľ羮ǰЩɽŷԼ죬һųģѴഺ˷ڿ֮Уϧһ
ƮƮ¡
ûõӦ
üãȻС
ȻѾǱһ飬ǰΪͼӴףٴӻ׿ʵš
ЩͬǰҪۣҪ˵Ļе߲Ů˵һͲԾ
˵ˣⱲûӻϧ֮ĻϵһӲŮӣ˵ĻһĿϾ·ʧ䣬ϵȣ֮Ůϰ
촽࿣ڨڨصǺ⣿
սӲˣɰͰ͵ġ
׸Ϲӿ飬Ⱳûĸ˵ô߳ܵĻ˽􅱣ȫЧѵЩ􅱵İñˣ
Ҫ˵ô
ֻһŮźϡ
һ̫ӣʹ֪ǻԣһ˿ϲֺȷ֪ѣ룬ʲôѵҪɱɣ
ܡ䲻ˡû
ô붼û
ôӦԺжԶӶԶҲҪˡ
ȥӦûΪɡ
˲䣬Ժǰ̽ʣ𣿡
˵꣬Ż䣬Ӧ
ȺҾллϡ
𾪵ģȻҪֶҪǾе㲻Ծмִܣôˣһ㳤ûУȫ²͸Ҫʲô
ǻʵҪͺˣڸҺԥظ󣬿Ż䲻ΪĴ氮Ľ빬ĸʲô
ǻҪģ͸׵ա
˷˵㻰˽լգͽ˹
빬ûһ˿Ϊ͵ס˴㹬
~~~
㹬СԺסһˡ
Ҷ֪Ǵġ
ǰֵ˺Ԥ׵عҪСԺϵ˰ߣСԺõóڵطҪ˾ס
ܾûôı䶯ˣ˵ڻеͱȹƷҪߡ
СԺ㹬󹬵Ů˶ԴҪĽɫ
ΪаģûУŮûֻһźɫĲ£տյؽˣζûУһͷѻѻĺڷڳϺõɫӣͶ֮䣬Щˣȴ˲ͬζ
һֱ棬Ƴˣʺġ
СԺסĸŮˣȫǻռʺˡ
޹˹ŮʱڸСһҶơ
ʧ꣬ǿˣ϶أñŮȾָʺ֮λαٺķ˼ҵλȹ̣Ъģÿοͳի𣬰ԼںҤƵģ;ûɲϲ
Լ⹬ÿģĹλǣ˭Ҳҵ͵ǻδʱһÿִʱ䣬ƣҲȥһ䡣
޹ʣǸʺİ񰡣ӣ۾СԺǼŮ˭񣿡
ŮҩòǺ񣬵Ҿֻ˵Ļǰλ÷񡣡
޹һƣˣˡ
Сǹά𡣡
޹пշ۴㹬£Ȥʣϸʲôλ
ҩ𣺡û⡣
޹Цһֵĺ󹬽ãǾûϲĸƸûƸã

Ҿ÷ڣᣬ˶ϲġ
Ҳ˵ǻϲǾϲʹ𣿡
ʲôϲϲģǻϣҪ˲ˣֲѡ
΢ЩФСЩվӣ˭˲
ȻһסһӦʳסжǹжƣȴû˸ҵФȥѩ׵ȫˡ
ȡ􅱵ͷѪˡ
􅱵Ŀڣ˵ʮָģ˯ָУÿҩҪϣһӣء
İĴϲŸ£š
һεε֮𣺡λ㣬Ǹӵ÷ڣɷݷһ£
¶ӡձ͸􅱵輿սĵһˣǼóġ
ùŮţСƣģ
޻鱦ȴĪݹˡ
÷ڲҾöɿؿһ۾ջĿ⣬ֻĵֹòûҳʺ


116 
˺ܾ, ΰû䡣
һӦȻǲԸѻݺݺһ𣬲»䱻۸ᱻ۸Źˡֻǻǲһ, ַʽ˽ӻҪôع, Ҫôֱӻ
ʲô£
ֲû䷢Ѿ֪ʵ, ´ݾ, ˼ȥͰŹ, ס㹬˺üŮ, ǻҲԵöϡ档
ֻЩί˻䡣
²
ҷ´£عڸ, Щ˼һ˵ˣ
ϵ˵ӽϵȥ
˵􅱲ɵü, ԭǴƽԭ, ƽԭǴصأδʥּû͵, ˵ͻȻʧǧʯʳһ
ɱ֮, 飬ǵ֮
ƫǽҪͷ, ֻűȰ, ο֮ٲ顣
˴ѩֻΡ
ｻ֮ʣһ, к֮ٹ󣬴궬ֽӭͽĴѩΪϾ
꣬ǰ׼ÿһ۾Ϳĳĳ˶ˣÿֻ˯ʱòװѩͣתů೯͢ҵѲһȡʡǮһЩļ롣
֮ǰޣǲǰš
ȥĵʹ߻ûȥִǱ߼ͥţ˼ǣллдǵʹߣȻôѺãҲǵľ⣬꿪ǵĴӽţ͹ǰȥݷԵ޽ꡣ
˻ţ׼ǴһµĶأ
̸һ롣
һĿбӣϰˣ􅱳ΪСˡ
Ǵ˵Ȼ֮Ҳ磬ϾȻҲ˵
СԺҲֻ֣ߵߣʮȻذϡ
ССһ˫ƵĴ۾ͷӣһȥ̯¡ɢᣬŶ˵Ҳ˵Ͼ·ϼ
˰䣬룺˭СߺʱôһС飿
ͷȥѱСԶˡ
Ů޿ߵ
ʳС׷ЩƬˣͲϳԷˡ
˵ʣһȥҸвУ
ü̫ͬ˵أ֪ѣҲȥôƵҪǹ˲Ͳˣ۵ġ
ʣǲҽȥβ𣿻ûκ𣿡
􅱰ԣ֣ͷҽҲʲôκõġǲǵǰֻƣүҪ˭ߣǵҲֹˡ
ǰһֻСè´ʱ˳ˣСޡͻȻǸһ׵ܵܡ
Ī˵ǾҸõĴҲܣһҪȻ
ֻú¸пԣʵȴǸСŮһ
􅱻鷿칫׼Ҳպ˯һҹ
ʣϽҪӣ
ܾ˵Ѿˡ
ô죿ΪٹգҲôһʱ
ʣҪ˽йź򣿡
􅱳üʰһ˵ղˣ˵ɡаš
􅱴ʱ˯
ǰůɽȥǾ䡣Ų˯Լ࣬˻䣬ܣֻбŻ䣬˯þ
ھڹеС˯Ҳ֪˯úòá
½ոһͨƣλһλһλؿ׷ǰ԰Լܳ裬źᣬƺҲûʲôɽΪ塣
µףЩʮССƵģǸֻǸ꼸λһҪĶŵıƭˣƽڹ˷ഺ
ҲЩ˯ţ
빬Ǹ³çðյľףҪٳȥɾˡ
ҹˣԼ
ͨͨͨ
Ǻ£ڼڴⲢǶ􅱵ϲ޷
һ磬컹δǬ幬ĹŮ̾͹ˣһΰˡ
޶ϣдϣơ
ȴ룬ܲ􅱵޾иҪ
и·ϤһŻʹĵͼǴСһ
ߵһ룬ϳȥ޿ߵ·
Ůǰ·ûߵſڣҲҪŮչҡ
Ҫʲôˣ
²ſڣȴٻ
һȥ
ں͵иİ˽Ҳûϸ͵ɹȥûûصվϣСָ£ͷҲûأջ˵ҲҪߣ
ʲôðŮˣ͸Ҵˣ
ôŮˣΪһҲֻһҶҪ
¼Ⱦøж־ýֱͷƤ飬άȣϵ΢ЦҲջ΢ϥƣĵƳһۡ
һȴ룬Ǻ⣿⹷ʵۡڹ̽
Ůǰľ룬ƫϣҪ
âڱ
һҲ壬ıãȻԴͰŻס޿ߵ
ĸŮžۣԴϲ
Ÿ𣬾ͰѺţҲ̫ˡ
ļ٣ȴֱֲ˵ɵӣϸǾʲôأ
ٶ˵һ䣬Ҫһ֡һһСŮ˵ĿⶼƵϡ
􅱰ûûСŮôȥ
ˣҪǸŮ˸ߣҾ
£
Ůţ˸ǰȥȰΨ꼰㡣
һ߹ȥ
ע⵽תͷ׵صһۣʲô
߽ᵽŮйϤζʱԻףٿֲһ
¶֣ʣұòã
ֱǲҪˡڵϵĹŮ롣
ըëСȴǱ˳ëͣȻĽŽɵ˵Ů˵Ļɻ˵㰡
¶Ц£վһԵ􅱿ĶҪˡ
˵⹬չСԸ⣿
µԸ⡣
Ȼ룬ȻǽҪŮģһ·Ů߰ɣܸú˰ɡ


117 
ǸŮס޿ߵ
޹ù֮, ԭڹϴԣ˸, ۵¶һ˿Ȥµľôܣǲĸαסĵط𣿾Ȼ׼Ůסȥ
ԹԣʹҪ𣿡
ҩҴ, ϻûҹ, ֻҪչСѡͬûʲô𡣡
޹ҡҡͷҾòһ㡣˵, Сʱȱźˣϳ軳ǸŮøʲôƵģαضһ٣ҸŮȥź򡣡
סȥǱˡ
棺Ҳ֪ǻǿ޿ߵ, СԸ⡭лҵȥǸεȽɫ
ǰʱ, ỳ䡣
ǻ䵱ʹʱһŮӣȴѹһͷ, ֻܷǶ䣬ֻöߡŮ˶ȥ, ˭˭ӮǿϵУƫ۶ƫȥ, ѹû
ɺˣʼ廳, ÿΪڷǰһ㡣
ǻ䣬Ųȥ, Żϵĳ谮ճŮƾһߵʹһ, ɳƵٻ
޹һֱΪǸŮ, ŮйֱӵϻʹŮˣôǴأʲô, ˺Ů˶ĽʵĶȴȻȻȥˡ
˽²»ɱġ
ȥǻȥ㣬˺
˶಻Ը
ͻȻ䲻˵һ䣺ҾûʹԾġ
޹һͷ£·ʲôû˵ղǾ仰ҲֻĻþһ㡣
޹룬⹬еŮӦﶼиɡ
ֻû뵽ȥĻģȻһİˣΪŮûϲձŮˣô͸ΪҪȢŮΪ޶أ
ľʱŷûôϲϣһʲô뿪ˡ
ôŮˣҲûĸҲͱȱ˭ѡ
޹ȥһƷˡ
Ҳ֪ס޿ߵŮ˳þжô䡣
~~~
޿ߵ
ѩйֹһ·СŮֲ㱾ԼĹùãܹûйùõһƬ֮ġ
ùðսʵľս
ҪǱϷ˿ôǺã
ûţǽСЦ˳ŷƵĹ֮Եޱ
С˵
ţܿһŮСǧ
Ůȴ˵У̫ˡҵСˤӡ
ԵСޱȻĴǧ˵ʲôã
Сֱۣҡ
°Դ޿ߵ֮СϣʲôҪ􅱲ˣĵһ䣺Ǹǰɣ
ļһ
һЦ˵Ҳ߸ʡ
Ҫһ˯
ڱôֵģС
ϲ䣺ϵζһģһ
ϲһӾϳˡ
ѹɵʣڴعʺģ˭ҺҾŪ
˵⻰ֲ̣ոѧɱѧˡ
ֻܵظо̫ˣѵ걻˼ҵòɱߡôܵҲƿΪŮǲǡ
ÿնҪ˯°˯ˣѩվһԵҪ˵
߿һ˯ˣҲһֱץֻ֣ѩ˵
ѩѾŮȷ͵ǵʣȥôأ
µһһ취Ҹޡ
˵üΪ侲
ѩףѸŹˡϡֹ
ʣôˣ֮ǰ㹬ļ˶˵ˣ˵˺üأǶУӦҲСֻܲҽչİɡ
ѩ˵ǴӵŮ˵ѹûǡһϣȻͼҹˡ
£
²ţЩ꣬ѵû˯Ůˣǰõʱûȥ˯Ůˣȴʼˣôܣ
һŻˣ˺󲻾˲ɣ
ⶼĹ˸Ͼݡ
ˣǴñ
ֲ˯􅱣ֻҪŻԽӽ􅱾ˡ
һ㣬һ㡣
¶Լ˵
治ʱ򣬸􅱵Ѫأ
ĺɫΧ֮ʱ̤޿ߵ
룬ȻҪߣվ뿪¿յĻʹܻзӴŮ߰ɣҲûһ֣ΪʲôϴôõĻᣬ䲻ߣȴҪյػߡ
˵ͨ
ѵϻʲôܱͼıĶ
Ůţվһ԰ڵ̺꣬ǳԷ
􅱻ڣһ㶼ûūһźôü˳Ŀӣһı
Եúܣһ뷹ͣҪ޿ߵ˯òã
˼ŮһûȥĶעŻ䣬㷲
ôˣϲŭֻô׵رŮǣߡ
ҹ˾ҲǸ˯ˡ
ԺǸŮͲһ˯ˡ
ϴ£׼Ъ¡
صŹŮ·ֻ֨ѽһ춯һ̧ͷͿ߽
͵Ǻô㣿
侲صūź
ܾԼʶܾȴסĬû˯¡
ǹϤܰſֱۣ㴩£룬ֻҪֱۺΧܰӵаɣ
ʱִĿ
􅱾úܲҲëͷСˣ͹ʱôһͰѳֲסԼأ
Ҳһ
ĵʲôԭǲٰ
􅱻ӣƻƵʣūźϰɣ
ôһ˲ҡҷҪˡ
룬˸⣬Ȼмûš
Уôܻ˯һǸǹ˳嶯¼ϵϣüˡ
ĵһаð
ô£ǰ·Ըѵ÷ɿ졣Ҫˣҷǲ
􅱰˽нʱ׼ϴ˸衣
òƽϢص仹ǵ
Ǿ仰ź
룬˵ǡҹɡ
û˯ţ˯ţһͣ»ţװԼ˯ˣһҶú೤ƽ
һֱҹεĽŲӽ
û۾ϵǼװ˯
һ˫ָؿڣ⿪´

˯ԴðɫͷܿƽϢˡ
Ϊһ֮ĿϣʱҪȥ
ԭҪɱҵ룬û
о̧֣û
Ȼװ˯ˣ􅱡ʲôʱҵģ


118 
Ҫû, ɵˡ
ء
ûеơ
¹ⱻɴ˼飬߻ް˫, һŹ, 䡣
ش𣺡Ѿ, Ҳǻ, ¡
ôɶ׼һţЦȻһ㶼, ϲá
žͺážͺá
, ǰһˣ̡
һ飺㵽ʲôʱֵģһʼڵ۾ͷӦݵúܺãҲú, ȥҲиɻ
ҡҡͷ˵Ǹͷ, ˴Ųϳ, ܡֻҪվǰҾ֪ǻ¡ʶѿڶ, ٵߣϲٸĿڡ
Цһ, Ҳ֪Ц􅱻ЦԼͶ, Ҳ֪ȥʲô
˵㻹СŮʱ, ˴һĹŮȹһȺվһţ㲻̧ͷǴӱӰȥ, ҲƳĸ㡣˵Ҿϳ
û´ϵϣڳţ¶׳źվڴǰĻ˵ٰʱҾϳˡ
еӹһ⡣
􅱵Ŀⱻȥ
ʣȻ֪Ϊʲôװɲ֪㶼ˣͲһȥŪ𣿡
􅱵㲻ϳ㣬ҾͲϡҲɱҡ
ƣôȷҲɱ㣿£ˣͲϧ𣿡
ᡣȷŵص֮ɱҡ
ƶʵ
􅱼һֱվţ˵˵վŶۡ
һ
ƿЬӶûã԰ӹ˵ɡ»ǲز˰䣬Ҳץ㡣Ī¡
Ҳ㡣
жôܵ롣
ɢͷʮ޼˼縰׷ҲмֿƳһۡ
ֻĿɨĵطƱһ£ʶԼ·˻ûã˼ؿڣһ档
􅱾ԼƣԼڽӽһֻñ˵СޣΨֻᣬὫܣҪȴȫΡ􅱲ԣϾһһεû䳹ģȻ
ȻѾ¶ˣ֮ҲûʲôαɵģҪ˵ЩƯթɣ
˼Ƭ̣ԭΪǽԽߵģ񲢲ǡ
û˵꣬´ǴߣôãҪ̻ˡ
ڨڨЦ˵û£ҲţѾһ˼زۡ
֮ǰǸӹӽȥϣһΪҪڹߣû뵽Ȼ빬ˡ
ֻ벻ͨҪʲôʲôڹ𣿡
ѩҪԸߣҲŵġ
ڻ뵱꣬ʮʮʱԼ̫ˣΪʲôʱûΪӣͿ԰أƣѪĺӣȻ˲ѱҲ
ΪǣͲϡӣˣϡҲԼĺӡ
һһȭ޻ϵĸоﻹúõģǰģö˶һʵۣһƢûУ˵ǧ˳ȡ
ɵ𵱳ʹʱҪƭװҪ½⡣
ʣͲΪʲôҪ𣿡
􅱵㲻˵㲻˵
􅱻е̲סʣ㼸Ҫޣ𣿡
µͷ
֮УȴһЩʧ֪̾벻ܣǻ鲻ԽرŽҺڴ
½⿪¶ϰҪ¶ɣ޵ķʸ
һʱ仹ǰƬ̣Ÿǰ
ָᴥ􅱵ؿڡ
ô޷ذź㶼¶ǰأδҲ̫ˣһ˵ŮҲԸߣʲôҲ̸ʶ􅱲󷽵ˡ
􅱶½Ϻˣֲˡ
˵ʵڲпȡָѪʮָģûļѪ
¿ȥᵽϵĵζܾʱᱻ뻳жʵؾš
֧ϵһһģӶ̽һϸţë롣
ֽ􅱵ĿڣϸѰѪҺ
􅱴ҳۣһ㣬ž͸оһϸСʹʱͽˡ
ֻ΢ȡѪȡ
ûȡһԹధǰ£ȥտһգǶ֮ʵͻȻûˣҵҪҡ
ǰһϸ˿ڣȡѪγԺСѪӿ
ϴŵӵ˵棬ѪԼš
􅱹˲ǰʹʣ𣿡
û˵ôҪҶ㼸£
􅱱졣
ĵ˼ѪҪʲôʵ۶ôԼѪҺëⱻȥ׹֮£ӦĿġ
˵ҪǲҲԶ¡
µһۣݣòǰƣеȴǰһģһ
޲ʿԼģ֪Լ޶⣬ûƭҪˡ
ȱʲôأȱ
􅱸ɰͰ͵˵ʲôҪҰæģ㾡˵
ڰ˵
􅱽˵ѾҪֱӴߣǰʹңҪߵģһʱ˿ܻ᲻ϰߡ
ҾһŮߺָź趼չ˵ö࡭ⲻ˼ᣬ룬ǿԡˣֱӴ߰ɣͻС
ֻ˵仰شҲûʲôϵƼ档
һ£ϾǸزʹ̫ҽ̫ҽ˵ĲΡ·ɣ
һᣬһСӵо仰Ķѡ
䲻ؿڣꡣ
Ҵ֪ΪΡҴԴðС˾Ҷġ
ΪʲôС


119 
˶ס, ţԸһѾ, Ȼһ
ƽ͡˹صʱ֪ԼУ˼ҩ, ҩ̫, ʹಡ, ĿİôҴ߱˸Ĵ򶼿, Ҳβá
ȥ, ʱһλҽ˵ӻе, ҪļѪҩӡ
˵һβ
􅱻뵽űĵʹɵػ, Ц, ˵ô׽, ԭΪ˺Ȳѡ
􅱿Ц㵹ǺǰһΪԼʲô, ǻʵ۶Ҵȥ
˵ôô֪˻Ѻߡ
Ҳ, 􅱲, ҪԼ̬ȣಡ˼ʺʴ˵, ǰӻعĳȴ˵ģ㵱ĳĺҲʴɣ
㲻ҪһĵճôҺ󹬵Ů
ЩҲû˵ĺӣһΪ㲻ˡ
ⶼˣ
ӣڨڨصͣôҿ˶ᣬҲᣬһûûˡ
û˵⻰˵ģԽС⣬ԽܳݴʲôûҶ˵ֻҪÿȡѪҵĺӡ
˵ĺƺһһǺӵ룬Сӵʱһ֪һ룬ȷһġ
ǵŮʱζ£ίʵ£û뵽Ըͷȥһ
Ҫ˵ǲܵġ
֪ԼԭиӣƺѾҪˡ
ʣȻѾȡҵѪǲҪЩȥҩУ
±˵Լᰲţ뵽ǰĻ˵˿Դһȥ̽𣿡
􅱾һҪµˣ˵Ҳֻ֤ͨѣԣȻԡ
ףǺáл¡
˵꣬ߡ
һȣѿڶʣȥ˻𣿡
½Ųͣͣ􅱸о²æ˵ŶǲģסҲ޷ҪѪˣ˺˵һҽ˸ȥͲؼķˡ
ķ˵˵ˡһ˵ʲô
􅱼ҪߣһʱɵˣͷԵϵģȥģ𣿡
º˵ӦҲ뿴ʵװӰɣȻѾȡѪˣҲװź㡣ȥǱˡ
ĵײЩڣʧһ׽ĻᣬһΣǲ֮¡
Ҫֱˣʱ⣬΢¸һӡҲ
뿪ǻⲽڴ£˯ⶼûˡ
ȥû
ĸŮ
Ϥ§ŸʵĲӣĲϴ˯ԺԼõ֮ķΧòһˣ˵
􅱺ǲذŮµĻУǧؿڣȴ˵һء
鸴ӣ΢΢ס
˸Ƿ۾㲻һȥ𣿡
ͷ˵ҪԹ׵Ļ
վڴŵһߣĿͨʻ˻ʹ
Ҳ֪վ˶ã̫貽ĳأأ˻֣ûԸ˻ȥ
~~~
˯û˷һζŵҩڴͷ
֪Ҫҩˡ
³ôҩֻ׻ˣϲ˵ʲôʱģ
֪ǲ˯̫ãɤӶˣ
иСŮ𣺡ɤôˣ
ȥЦ۾㡣
˵ɰˡ
Сһ죬ֲ˼ġ
¸ιҩ˵úúȥҪ³㱸۽ȺˣͿˡ
ʼһһ׵غȣԼ˵һȥ
ſС룬ҩһ˾ͺ̸ôԣԶͽһ𣿡
֪ǹӻʹʱ޵ģǰξǣûþ͵ˣץʱദҲǿŲҪȥ˯
ЦЦ˵㲻ż
ԼҲ˵زûҽ˯𣿡
µͷ㸸ѾӦˡ
񱻷ųӵСƵĿŸС֣ҽһֱ㡣
µûѻ˵ȫļ䡣
ֻǳǺܿǲܻȥˣܽ𣿲􅱣˭ûи˵塣
ϡͿ
􅱶ССͶûû̵Ұӣӣһ߰㡣
˵ԸѺӶ
ʮϥ޳ΨһеĺҲ͸Լô죿ץұŮһ
~~~
ϣϣ
􅱱һû˯۵ԼɿѪ˿Ф˵ͿƳƣ̬
̾˿еʣĪͨˣ壬֪żҪۿ˲ǵòʧ
ÿȫȥĹô࣬Ҫһһؿȥǿģ􅱾ڸյǻǻҲ
ĿеĿ⣬ֻԼƤǴΪñط꣬ҹ߰ˡ뵽źò׻ˣˣҴıŮһˣˣԼߵģ΢һ룬;絶
ҥԡ
صĹٸѾץһЩҥˣֹסյ֮ڣ⼸ԽԽסТ޺Ϊûм̳һֱǼ¡
ܵعܲϰ̸ӵ£ڴ˿Ǽ׵飬˼ҵĺǸƵһѣôϺǧȴϥ¿أ
ǰǻǰҪ͸ʽϾҪö࣬Ҫ̵úãһô꣬˵ǽˣֻһŮ
뵽ֿʼˡ
ΪˣŮΪǰðһƵ뷨ҲȥĹʷ飬ҵл̫ŮľδвСֻ뷨һֱĵףСòôʴټࡣ
Ϊûжӣҥ֮˰ֻᵽ֮ϡ
ϰǺܴӵģ˵һⱨӦͻ˵ӣӾ
􅱾ñƲֻæֲ֣ûȥܡ
µϣ²鷳ֻҪжӾͳˡ
룺жӵģֻǷ·Ҫˡһ۶û
ͻ뿪ҪʣܴܲһȥҲǸ
Ҳûʳڡ
֪Լ˸ĶӣӵķȲ
Ǹƫ۵ĸס
̾˿ͷ˵޾Ҳˣ翴ûкԹ̸ޡ
ǰԼ֪ҪֹΪ̫Ů£ͬίȰϼ䣬ǿѾû취ֻðæ飬浽һֻܡΪŰֹ֧ͳԣάҰȡͻȻ˵Ҫ̺ӣһ
ϻ£ܾûڣԭǽСڡ
³ǰһ䣺ϣСôû
Ҳգ˵ˡ
ųС˵Сദʱ䶼ԼŮҪãϵøϽҽڹϣСҲױ¡
􅱵֪ˡ
~~~
ڻʹﱻһ죬ͱ档
˸ʹ죬ΪǸСӣ븴˵еȨ˵԰ԷɽׯΪ۽翪ȥöңҵĻȨȫδŵ¡
תͷȥףҪ״Ҳȥ
æӦܵܲˣҴһȥ
ĸһůڵı˯
ſڴͷ£ӶϣǿƯģǱˣȵؽڵء
Ϩ˵ơ
˯ˣ˷ܣ˯ţСвסҪ˵
ΪԼ컹ҪعҪ׶ིĺûԸȥ˵Һ㡣
СҲ㡣
ʣÿ͵ȹǲģ
˵ŮĵСްɲ˵ǡ
ЦЦ˵ر⡣ǰĽѴԭҲУֻҲ֪
˵ϲĻԺٸȥöطöƯȹΣأûдգ͹㿴
šһһҪȥ˸һС񡣡
ת˸ͯа˵ǰǱҿޣҲ㡣
С˯ҵͷ󣺡֪ˣˣЩ˯ɣȻҪˡ
~~~
Ǳ˼οŹ˵ģѪȥ⼸ŷѪĲˣҲЩˡ
СϢǰӸʾȥ֮⼸ѾתΪ˲أͬǸס޿ߵŮһͶеʯӣû
⼸ͷźࡣ
ͻȻյ˻ţ룬ôô죬ԼѪأֺĲֻͬһ䣺Ҫ㣬³
􅱽ŵ˵Լ
Ǭ幬˸һԳıջѣ̴Ҵҹɫһ䣬˵ϣ󹬳ˡ
􅱲Ϊ⣺˵
ܳʲô£
͵ϲˡ
һף˰ûЩŮˣ˭֪زġ
ЦǺܹȥȻֵ룬ҪǱ֪ˣһֻһɡ
һ룬ſԼ
􅱵˿ס޻عԺȥ


120 
􅱵ûʻſھĿ, ޵˺ѷΡ
ĶҪˣżĲˡ
ǵûաʱһ˴, ôСѧẰ, ССҡ, Сץդ, վȴվֻԭȥ޵Ǻˡ
æ, Ҳ֪ô庢, 죬Ůǿ˲˯ŵģ˯˻áɲǵԼСʱ򰮿ޡŻҪ谮ĺ, ÿȡĸϧҲʱѰԼʱӰ, ·һ, ֲʿصź
绳µǸӵĻһ簮, ˭ǸŮŮ, ǵý
ԺͲԿСޡ
ôô, ۻˡ
, һ۾Ϳݣ޽εĻ䣬ʱȥע, һվżϡ
æҵغ庢ӣСգôЧͣͣ˿ޣ˯ŻΪˣһѹͼޡһ߿һ߳ɤӵغ޵ûǱ˷ӹƵģڵھӶˡ
ʵû취ˣֻܸϽдŰѺҹ
Ԥȫһ
ǵǶûˡ
½ͷöҲʧ͸
һֱ˼ĺ룬ԼҲܺͱСһиסڸʵĿУһõףϻۣһʼףȸԾϲ׶ҲܺãһЩŮҲϷ񸸻ܽԼʤ
լٺ棬죬ˣܳȥ档ǲǴһʹһСլӶ
һ쵽ûʱŵģòܴˣߡ
ǣڿ˱ҪĻҲƣѵײôСӵ
ĸŮ
ô׽ľɣҲҪһСһԼԼģġ
Ťʣ𣿡
Ȼصͷѽ¶ᱧҵġ
ô죬ֻˡ
ֲһΧźתĺլˣҲԼҪ̸飬Ҳµظȥ
Ȼ˵ǵϳҶȥġ
ƿԡ
ദ˼գȴԼˡ
Ǻᣬǲף􅱿У׼ֱǸŮĶã֪˼Ͱ֮н
ǸСӣΪ˵ĶģŲɣڴθְθߡ
Ҫ⣬ͱͬҪ⡣
µʱ䣬ܷܵ֡
õܵܿŵܵһЩѧŸιҩ衣
ֻЩģ湻ˣعˡ
û뿪ôù
ʱŴ׿е֪جģ˵Ժ󶼸ףعȥˡ

һ뵽Ҳˣʱ۴ҪҵҸʡ岻УܵȰҲСԼоˣڲ޲ȡҲˡ
һ˲䣬ϻҲˣҪʡ
عȥҪǧ˳ĸʣԴĸס
һޣȫɵˣ簮Ůּ
ɵĴˣ
􅱳Ůдûдϲ谮ĸдҲûд
ƺֻºӵĺĸס
Ҳ֪ôŮ޴˵ˣٿɤҪˡ
޵øˡ
۽Ƴˣڵ̺Ϻ庢أ̧ͷһۣҲڿ
»ع񣬶˵Ÿʲôû޵ô𣿡
􅱵
޵úңʵŷӦȲش׵Ļ˵ʵĻС
һ£ӵŮָк¶ȻֱػӻۣԥûԥͲҪѡ􅱡
һ޷Ĵܸĵ
ǰܵļʱױˡ
رСַȻǸߺӵˣһҲţıôˣô޵øСèһƯˣĪˣⲻ𣿡
ֹͣ˺ޣҭ˵˵㲻Ҫˡ
Сֽץ􅱵½ǴҪſ
̫ˣôôСۣۣѾͻ˵ˣܲܳ˵ǲҪˡ
ֻ׺Ҳסһһá
δ䣬žžવصӣҲҪҪع
ֺֻôҲɡ
ߺŮǱַȥţ䶢ǣ˵ǰûڻǲʣۿˡ
ʱһ֪ôشĻΪʲôͲܻعȥأǰǵ㵱ʺڶԸˣΪʲôȥ
ָⶼڷЩ
ȥôȥ
Ų􅱣Ҫ뵱ʺ͵ˡ
޷͡
􅱼ϽסŮ죺ԣˡĿԡ
ȰܣԽ¾Խ
ʱ􅱿һСкҡҡλε߹ȥһ㶣СһĺԼֲһݣ԰
Լ·ЬҲ׷ˣͷ㣬С˵㣬ˡ
ŷС˳ܳʲô
Ͻ˹ű˵һֱޡ
һ˵ȴعɡ
ˣ㲻Ҫ𣿡
ô᲻Ҫ¼ģίˣһҵŮҵĸΣֻ㣬ʲô취̫ˣɡ
˵عع
²ŸĹ磬ʧ􅱵ߡ
ôãĿˣذŵ˯ȥҲ֡
¹ãų􅱻ڴͲһôûߣ
􅱣ҡ
վǰͻȻŲס
޵ġ
ȥᣬֱŮɵΧתһȦʲôҡһӦģˣ΢ȵȡ
Ǹˡºĵҳ˻ˡ
ʲô֪􅱹ǶԺ˵ֻǸף֪ˣǸϸĸףŻúϲȴһֱںǰ˵ĺûоû˵˵仵һԱȣԵ
ҵĴε˵һ˿ң᲻Ϊ˵Ļת⣬Ȼڹ£ɼӵĿ⣬ǷڴڵˣҪҹ㣬Ҳ
􅱴Ůعȥˡ
·룬Ҫǻû
ѾȢ˱ŮʺĳŮлĶӣӦûþͻᷢ֡
һЩĻƻ⣬Ϊƿؾ档
˵ӡ
Ӧûǻ谮ĺӣǼ˶ӣһûƲ簮Ů
صУȰȥ޿ߵҪ㣬ֻܰѹİ
⺢±СһҪ˯󴲣Ҫ˯ԱߣߵĸģСίίĹġ
ԣ􅱸ղпȥ̽ĺ
һʲôƢûˡ


121 
֮Ůô, Ȩǵȴֻлʵһ
ʱͼٹʷ¹ǻʼңعصҲǻʼҡ˽ͨ˾ռ, ǻյӶ࣬кüŮΪ˽ͨŪ, е˽ͨ, еǼٵġ
ǰҲɹ, Ȼôʮ͸Ķӣ׷ԭһ£ĲʱͲһˡ
, û, ʱûͷտʼû˸͹һڷ
􅱺þûżȥǱߺȿڲ, , , ల£˵޷, 綼ûμӡհļģիȴ֪ʱ˺, ̥
􅱼ЩȣݵĸֽƬƵ, ˵ʵڵ, ֫ԺϸƲﻳˡһ㲣һ˹
»ᱻ, Ϊ˼һȥݣε˸ϽҽΣУѾн¡
ԵĲˣǵüɫﴧǻо̥ҩš
ڡĲ˰һ
翴Ŷҩ˿ꡣ
˭ûڡ
ٷſڣ檵ļҽ
˭˵ƽո檰ƽҽ
􅱻Ǽǲ֪ûƽҽƽǼġ
檲ظ˻ϣԵϣô
ȴ룬űĴ־ȻҲع˷УĴ˱ǡɱˣʮǰŭȴ࣬ΪμһӶְأΪ뵽䣬⹬ҪǽһЩ껳仳ĺӾͲʹ˰ɡ
˺һ􅱲Ŷ˵ȥҽй̫ҽ
ӣ̫ҽҽˡ
̫ҽ޷ҽϡ
һӵĸǺ˼жϣܲӱ˵Ķ˭ȴжϣõ֪
Цֱҵصϲѳ檵ĶˣȡѪף˲
􅱺һͣʱСŮˣŮǺҲ£˵Ҳأ⹬УҪȱ˭Ҳò֤ȷ䣬ɱɱ
ҽڵɪɪ
룬ôôҴñأ
룬˵ȥһ٣̫ҽԺ
ϾйأҲ̫š
ҽ˵泳ȴһҩ
ڵϣɫ԰ףҡΣȴ􅱴
ֻľ˵ҵʱ䣬֪޿⣬ϴ

һ֮
ǵãˣʲô鷳ûˡ
赭дؿһۣӦ£á
أл϶䡣
˵գ􅱱ˡ
ߺ󣬼ƣҲû߰籣һʱ컹ڡİ̹һڲ۾ˡ
ΪҪͶ쵽һϣо룬ѲҪ뻨ְ
Ǳһ˼һӣŵȣůġ
ᵽˮɻ
һŮ˵􅱣ʲô
ǻϵУҵģڹûл·ͻؼȥĸҲƲݵǰ·
Ůʣǹʲô£
˵ҪɱһҲ̱Ű룬²֡
Ů˴𣺡ҿɲܡ
˵꣬ԶȥĽŲҲˣƺҲˡ
һԲظԶˣӣ˵һ뵽ʮʱҵĺӡ
µ˵ˣˣЩ¡װģһͶġ˵ÿƶ񶾣ȴ治ɫ졣
􅱿Ц˵޵ĻʺȥʱΪʺִԣ޲һ档
кĸ׸ı飬һѰ˼
֣Ϊξһֺ˵ˣҺҲԸ㲻Ҹʦ̫ɱɱԼ⣬շ𷨵µɣ
˵һ֣հ
¼ΪʲôõطǮ޿ɽŮסȥҪһӳԿ࣬Ϊֵū澵ĿŵĹŮǳŲ£ʱ
룬䵹ӣ춹ģʵƲˡ
˻ϻ쳳􅱲ʣøδá
·пճЦ¶ңҲɻ˭ôŮˣҲñ˴ñ
􅱾ԼͦģЦЦЦ˵Ҽû󹬡
˵нεεˣȻ˾ɵŮˡ
˵ǼŮˣ􅱵ҲûǴӡǳֵ̫ɣ޻Ǳĵ̽ӣǵġ
Խ˵¾Խʲô˼װʲô겻壿˵Ҳ֪ôҲӻͷֻйĲ˳ʺ
􅱣
ڳغǰ棬˵ιȥˡ
Ҫ˴ȥ􅱽ҪϳȻعȥˡ
ʱˡ
תѹһİŮԼͷ
ݣĿʾˣˣû˵ҩ
Ҳʣҩһ
䲻˵αΪ˸ѰٻеӸʵ۴ñôûӳ
öķ·𱻴һ£ԭҰ־һЩò˵ˣΪӣ־Լ޴Ȼһٶϲϲֵиˡ
ʣΪʲôŮӾͱΪĸأ
һ죬һʱϻ
һˡ
²ʣأ
룬ʵԸ棺ұ˵ЩĻ㣬ŻְⲻҪôƭ
ıŮˡ
˵꣬İСֲ㱻Ūޡ
һ飬鲻ˡ
ֻӲͷƤ˵ܹԵģڸκò֮ǰкü£ҶȰȰദ֪ĺˣҺöˣ㲻Ҫż
ۣºǿ¶ҪʲôûģΨڶŮ֮ϣ⡣ڴϣǷѾĻҲ޼¡
ĲкģûʵĲûԼ
ֻǰǴ󵱼ң˶Ҫ֧ӦǿǸҲֵܹĸϡ
􅱲ͬ
ȺˣɴĳϣȴǹмϣֻǱ˴ˣԺαװ໥ָ
ҧҪһҵԼչ˸㸴̫ԣĲһѵһֱͷϣ֪ʲôʱ
ѹͲ
ûвعҹﶼ˯һҪ̽̽Ϣ˯˯žͱүˡ
ίѹ⣬³ÿֶǵ˵ѪҩӣҲ˵һܾȵûֻܾ£⡣
ǸˣҲҪңҸǺã
ұӣƭġ
Ⱥҵף˹ˣٴһʧȥ𣿡


122 
ʼ֮ԹԲ, Уֵǽա
ԭֻԼһ, ҪѻΪǷٻ, Ҫж¡
Ҳҵĺӡ􅱵յ, ·Ʈڰ, أҲۡ
ĸ޸׿, ֵܲ¼ɡֻӵй, ǵĺӡԺˣҾʲôûˡ
һ˵Ӧġ
ͻȻͦȥһ˵˵ǻĺȥˡյǻʱ, Ĺ壬λ, ȴóúɽ, ˡֻ룬ӷ, ֪֮֡
ȹҲֻһ, ͻعԸǰЦ, װ, ǻʵۣӵк󹬼ǧҪӵĻ, 㾡У㲢ȱ
􅱣ǻʵеģҡ
£ǻʵۣαذݷֵô壿´ңͱ¤ҪСˡ¡
􅱼ֲͷٶ࣬룬⣬ʣȥ𣿡
˵Ҳ˭ġҾͿһۡ
ûϴӦƬ̣û˵ֻҪףǺӺܴ
ʣ˼ҿȥ𣿡
˵ǰƭƭ˵ˣ˵ǸӢۡ˵ˣҪҲǰЩ
ֻĵ룬ĸܣ񲻶ңҹԹ԰𣿰
˯
ݣתˡ
վڴߣźӵ˯ĽԼӣڴ¡㲻ܸ˵Ҳͦá
룬ڤڤ֮йȻбӦѭСʱ򸸻ʲԺ˶ӣһҪָҲǸû׵ĺӡ
ԼоڿԼԺ۾ƼһòİĴͷ
Ƶϳ˭һ˫īڵӰس􅱣ض˴ˡ
˵Ӧҿ㡣
ԥһ£ʣҵĵ𣿡
􅱵ͷ
۽ޣ̧ȫµĿע􅱣ͨʲôһֱ飺ﲻ㣬д˵ҵˣ˵ǸӢۡ
􅱺ᣬԭ仹˵ĺû֣ͷ⺢һֱͷ˿ϸ취βġ
۾һգգؿ
ʣôˣˮ𣿡
һ͸͸׵Ӱҡҡͷת֣ɲԹһ¡
߹ȥӣͷ
С˵Ҫˣ취òãʱҹ͵͵ޡΪҲ֪ġ
Ҳ밡ĵͲϲˣҺ˵ֻѹ
ȴӦ庢
ԥҾм㡣
Ц£ٰ
ҡͷǡڸ֮ǰһΣڴϣϺóһ˿ڣҪˣ־Ȼˡ
磬Ц⡣
ѹ֡
ѹֻȡи
ѹ⻰˵𣿡
ûС𣬡ﶼ˵ˡƭҾΪңҲŸ˰
˵ȻԵǸɵƵġ
鸴ӣСӶ俪ġ
􅱶˵㰲βܺúûˡԺҪ
ôСһСëޱ֣ص˵˾ˣδѡ
ֺֺЦ
ֿʼˣ˵˯ˡ
􅱸Ҵǣ˯ɣҲûȥˡ
˸ǷԺ𣿡ϴν޵ôҺ
􅱳ŵһȥԺ㣬úŬ
~~~
˵
⼸¡
􅱽ȥԺ󣬸תʺЩݣûɿڴӦȰѸӽ˵ɷоݣ˵ô̫ҽԿū͡
ͷѣԼİŮ̫ˡ
ֻôһŮ˭أ
СʱͦƭԽԽƭ
􅱺˵಻ף̥ʮ£࣬˺öѪðΣղŰǰ˼㣬ΪûܰߡҲס
ȴ˵ɵչҲܲװǵĸףָǡ
ͷһůõҲûŮ
˵˵ȥҪˡΪʲôҪҸףֲǸܸȥ˭͸˭Ҿڹ
ҷ´¡
Ϣʧˡ
Լ֪ļӶ˽˸͸¶֣Լ꼰һϴˣؼԼСԺҳȥţҪԼͰˣȴҪ汳
Ǹ޿ߵˣҲ֪ȥ
û˵Ϣ
Ľǲǵõϳң룬Ҳ׶༪٣˲п⼸Ź֣ȥôĶţҲ֪ôˡ
ת۵
Ҫꡣ
ТιȳáλĻʵۣؼݣʱ˽ڶҪ룬һ׼ÿζҪǰѣܵҪٹǲ佫
ҲһűŮһȥ
ȥŤ˵ȻûҪȥʲôͷúúõġ
ڨڨǰҲ֪ﻹûȻҲںüԸȥꡣ
㻹ȥڡǹǹΡ
࣬ҲۣйԱװӱܣ˵һСˣŮȥǱߵ»ûֳܱһֶŮ䵭ʹķȫʵ۵ϲһǾʧˣһ˵ͻᷢ⡣
􅱲ȥһ˿һķա
ǿӦˡ
ѻһ鲻Ը􅱲пСʱ뱻ȥмֻеóĻӲеȥʱֻȥΣվں̡
˵⣬浽꣬Ÿʣݵģ
􅱼·дʲô
һæɰۻˣعԺͷ˯һա
ǲŴǾͿʼһΥĴ꣬洺
´ףȻҪ˯
ڼ游ʱԸϣܱӸɢߣø
ЦЦɣ¡¡вԤС
պ
ĹԱ˵һһȵʯ٣Ϊףԭ£͵͵ɡ
Ϣȴ䲻ֶߣһԶﴫȻʵĹ١


123 
Ⲩܡӿ΢ʱ, ҵĴ˴ࡪǡ
Ǵɫ޵ͷŶװӲӡĻƽͱʯŸߴýıȸϾ, ֱߺ¥϶˿ֵˣҪ顣
վ, ĻʵȻûӭ, ǲ˹ԱǰﴦȺ, һ·дмѡ
˵ǵĴԵЩüĿ˵, ǲ, ŵĻƽƷڽϣ˵Ļ᲻ѹ壬һЪ, Ͱװζжֻһ°С
еĵܵܿȥҪߴ, ʮöݡ
ҹ, ùţʹ, ǲŸ£ελʵ۲¼ɹƧ, Լһ֧̽వȴСġ
ھ˰ʹ˽ڻĴ, ʵƶ, ȴܰ˵춼ϣֶ֮ѡѣһʵü, ĳͷһ˵Եøоݡ
룺λֳǿ졣
ڻз£ԭӦô챻ȥʵ۾ϸѲ飬Ҳҵй¶ˣΪûС
ʯѵʱԤƥҥԡ
λ֮ͥҲû̫ӵǳ⣬ܿأܻڶıӣǻ¹һλӵĺʿĻţλĻʮǰӳǵĴҵİĻӴߡ
ǹȦǸô꣬ѧϰֺ֪ʶĸ⣬ͥ˿ʼҲʼж
ҪȢǵĹѾˣĻʵϥֻһʮֵó衣
˵Ųꡣ
ӰҾȵ˵ǵĻʵ۲ѾʮŮȻôС𣿡
ԶڲԭԴ뾩ǵ鲢˽⣬һʮˣŮ㵽ӵҲ֣Ͼʮ꣬ѾĸӣǸѾʮˡ
˵ʵΪʲôĻʵֻһӣӵôӣӦӵкܶຢӲŶ𣿾ĸһǸ˶Ϊض⣬Ǳˡ
ȴ֪ˣȻصͷֻҪǸóĹˡ
ӰҰ಻סƳһֳֻò˱Լ꣬ǿǳӾѹһͷˤӲУУҲСԸʻڿҪλĸӣֳλȹ̣ҪȢĹıȢˣǾϵĹ٣ĻʵҲ֧ϻλ
̸껰ָǸĻŵز֪˵ʲô
ڶһ磬컹ûǾͱ˽´磬Ҫȥ˵ĻʹǵĻʵۡ
ĹԱǲԴʹûдҵͶһ˵˿ۣɫͷͻɫ۾԰׺òΣмֺζ
ҲмֱֳΪҪʵ۵ĹĲҪˡһҵһȺ˻һ񵹺ã˵۶ˣģǸΪڱͥӣܼ֮ȮŻҡβ
ʲôãһ㶼ûӺ֮ĻŮϲֲӣ
ע⵽Ĳⶣңһ仰ףȻǵĵ̣Ҫǵǣ
üΪͷ˵֪ˡ
˵ҪʲôģѧҾͿԡ
һ㶼ѧųܵĴ硣
ԣڻʹݼʵʱ˵Ĺ񣬶ӰȴڣֱվţӲ΢·۵Ĳ۲һ㡣
û߾֮ϣ˵˾䡰ƽ
ڼʵۡ
˵􅱵֣£λȴࡣһ˵Ϊ􅱵ϣ􅱻ֻǸóĻӣȴ֮Ψһ֪֣Ҷ֪߳һͷӴһƬĺ˳ʹǽӵĸ֮رѿеĹͷҲǲֻܴǵòʧ
􅱵ǻ֮һ鷳ľ߽йĦӮ٣ر֮xɵ߳Ժ
􅱻һգø衢ƺŮӴǡ
Ӱڻʢ֮£֪˶ƣյؿ˵ŮǵҪӭȢĿģûгȥ輿
ȴʣӿϲˣϲˡ
˼ҶˣپܾǺܲӣ󷽷ؽˡ
յĻ棬
ЯأΪ̫ƣ߲·û˳
Ȼñ˵Ļʵûʲô˵ģȥŰ壬ȻǸٵˣŶ˻𣿡
Ҳ˺ܶƣȴûĸǳܣעӿڳңҪСʵۣɼǵս
һӻ֣ΪȻдʵ˵ǶʮǰˣٺõȦÿֻιҲˡ֣ĵӱӻС𣿽컹ݣбҪѧ㣬Ҿѧѧң㿴ôģҲʲôû˵Ҫͥ˸ôԸʲͱһ˰ɡ
첻
ҳžƾžãװɵʣ磬㲻ҪȢǵĹô᣿ֻȥˣ
²żǵĹǳó裬ҲСʵۿ²ͬ⡣
ڳ˯һ˯Ѿ࣬Ÿյ˿ȥˡҲ˼˼سһŮŮ㺹ؿĻ˯ˣŮļָƺϰµϼ롣
룬λʵأʶͽ輿ĻδҲ̫ɺˡ
Ӧֻ⣬ں֮䣬͸輿輿ֻϡƽ°ˡ
֪Сڴĺܷó裿
ǲܡ
С˵Ű壬Ŀͬ􅱰ƻ
һҪǼ򵥵£Ʋѡ
֪ϢλʵΨһȱִһŮˡиΪĲ²⣬􅱲ǲУǰֻҪԼŮΪԼӡϧֻŮѾˡһȴЧѡ
ˣΪŮˣҲһ޴㣬ʹ˿ɳ֮
мźιȦɵ㣬ΪλΪһŮ˶ִԲ
ʱ޿ߵŮսһҪҪȥյһòã
˼ˣҪȥҪȥ
􅱼ãȴʣѴȥ̽òã
ʱ¶죬·Ҫȥ׺͵ܵܣǵҪ͸˷ӣԥһʱºûǲá
̾˿
˵û취ȥǼƥ̫ˣҪǴȥ˭֪ǻʵۡ
􅱸ͷۣС̵̫ʱ治Ǻ¡
գҪȥסѩȴյţΪļѪˣû뵽һչȻǻܲøסȥ顣


124 
􅱵ıг, ֱӳ
û糯ҵĹյǣˮ, Ϣһ¸áα۵ذο
ڳţһƬ, ںʱճԵ巳, û, ֿʼˣҲ, Ҫһ𣿡
Ѿڹ, ۶գش𣺡á
òͣ䵭
һԲòڹʱϰ, ô͸Ĳˣÿ׶ᷢһ˿, ʳʱҲҰ, ʾܾǰˡЩڽôི, 㵱ॣָ, Щ
ʳԡ˾ĳһٷ
ʣҪڵ𣿡
ʵҪģæ, , һдӼǡûô
¡ŶһŮ􅱵澻ڿϴ, 􅱲ˡ룬ӵѹЩȥ
̧ͷͼ̵ȴ飬Ȼûż£ȴʣô£涼ˡ˿ˣ
ʵǴ£ڴС֣йʱʹĹʯż꼾ҲᱻУÿ궼ҪһɷãݻʹƹӼأϡ£ǻʵ۲͵ʾÿʵ۶λˡ
􅱵֮ɢڲ顣
͢ͽǷʣµ뵽ЩţȵӣֻԸͺáԶЩĵطԵ߻ʵԶƲסҲͰˣʹĵؽҲˡλúȰ
Ƥúܣ۲˵ֲǲ֪ҲÿĶң㲻һܻЩĵ죬ðͷˣٴȥ
һ􅱵Ǻгʵ۵࣬ʱôսսһ
􅱼һֱᣬҪžҪΪֻԼһþ΢泯£ʣ˵øסȥʲô˼
˵˼
ʵ죬Ա۾űӵ̬˵ĲҪβãǾֻʣ¼µԼû˵ռԺܺã˵Ĳ顣˽Ҳ˽㱾Ҳչ
􅱻عæǣǣҪչ
ĻںǴֲɰɬʣأ˹
´۽ޣÿһ˿ӰӶ˵Ըڹ¼ϻûǹɣÿոȥ̫鷳䱸􅱣ԼΪ޴ʱᷴڡ
ʳ⣬֪䲻ΪػʹӲΪűЮ֡˭ԾԴͷǸס
ǿǧٿ׵ĻǲΪżĳϦദ죬Ҫô̺£룬С˵ҪµĻ԰ִȥ
û˵ŭصڳ𣿡
ǣǡĵװûڵءӴһӵҾǡˡ㡣
¸ջ𣺡治װģ􅱣Ҳᱻŵģ˵ĺҺƵġҹˡ
ҲǣҲǡ仹ǸըҩͰһһը
ǣ治ǡηߵ룬ʮسܡˣҲġ
룬˵㵽˹Ҳøദദˣ֪ĺˡ
²ÿɷԼ鷳꣬ѩ䡢׸ڴˣضܳԾùþȻԡƢ
ʵȥǲ±ŮǷƢ岻ãֻʣհȥ˽㡣
˵ͽհɡҲûϵġ
һڴӦ˵͵͵º͸عӵʱ򣬻ԱŸѺӲĶ
ôССһֻûĴè˶
ʱ㣬޿ߵ鷿ǱΣʰ˼ӳԭź˾ȫʵģ˼䲻һСкûʻֻʰ
ǸرСϲŮҲˣǰһôճװźﶼûףվͱˣòСӰˡû뵽صŮҲŻˡ
˭
˵Ǳϳ谮Ҳû˵ǣϴԸ˲һ
µǣէһȳǰøʺˡ
ûµС롣
ʰţͻȻŮ˵ϣʰԺС²ָӣȥæΪá
䵭𾴣ȴ֪ģùŮ̶õսľ
ԼԤǴȥҹڨڨ˵˵ǡ
ʹ棬Դ룬ȴ˯š
˯ù𣿴̹ҪҪٸһ㱻죿
ҡҡͷǰ͵һס𣿡
΢΢һЦǰ߲ˣֲǲݡ
Ц˵СԴˡ
鸴ӣ¶Ѿ⣬׾ǵٺãҲȫԽջ𣬾ԽǱ􅱳ĵü̱ĿȻʹջòʹҲ޼£ֻܰǣүǸûȻҲҪˣȥô
ʱȥ롣
~~~
÷ڽҲһĵϴ硣
ͬСԺ˼۲۰û˿ʱ欣治ǽ˾ġ
÷ڴЦˣֻ˵׼ҪٻСģϴһõСݵʱˣɾͲˡ
ţͳϺȥΣſ
ɲɣ̹ٻ
÷ڲмֵ⣬ҲûһϰԺļФȻʺ÷񡢾նһȥ
ĸСӶһһȹŮӣַʱµλǸ빬ıҹѲΪѩ
􅱶˵ʰʰǰᵽѩԶˣ಻Ӧ°ˣҲʹ͡
˵꣬תͷѩ˵ھȻǱ޵ӣ㣬顣
ѩߴӵضͷлл
Ȼ˾ͱڴ˴һ仰ûС
Ϲ¹꣬תͷ뿪ѩмǫᡣ
治ͷ˷ѹ򣬻Ϳʼװװˡ
·ͽʻǲѵʣСѧ𣿻ȥԺǺηӦ޳ܣ
͵ûСϡ
ķңҲǰʡ
޿߹һƬģҲûлġ
ҲûһӭӸʡ
ʹŮأ
鷿дҵ
ʣλźأ
һֱû
ֱ⣬Ǻãȥ£˵ǻ㲻ȥ𣿡
ºǷģʲôߣ
ˣϸģϸŵӣͲˡ


125 
԰
һٱǧ, ƻȥŮ̺һԣҲҪ, ֻԷ
ǰ꣬ȴǸѵõ졣
ȥʱ, ʶȥŷݡ̤, ԭΪȫһȥ, øݡ
ʱѷݴȥ࿪ģûȥ棬ʼ, , Ͳϡˣ֪֧ķǲۡ
ϸӦϳǿȥ, ûȤȥȺͷӳܡȤɵĵҲʱ, һҲȤײ, Ҳమ
񳿳ţվԺӵĶ, ż棬, ͣһ£ΪҪ˵, ȴһ仰ûС
һȺʹ, ȥˡ
ʹĵؽ磬˴ǧֱһСŸʵ, ר档ҲСõĶǸܵģҲȹΣֻǲܵܵĶࡣ
ɵӶܿҪȽϵĻŶ˵ܸܵҪɡ縸˵׹ֵֻܷһĹذŷֲôࡣ
ǧ֨ѽ֨ѽ졣
ͷԼЬϵĺĻ
ʥڴˣҪš
Զ
̧ͷűмŮ˵ڹĴйʱżϸʵӣ˵ú͹Ůûʲô𣬶ϸҪźֺһΣǸԼ淭ûһʾ͹ˣ˵Ժܸ󹬵ߡ
ض˵󹬵ɶĲ׼˭뺦ˡ
עˣһǸ׵Ůˣһ۾Ůˣ̧̧°ͣ˵ǹҪͬ˵
ѩ÷ǰһ¾֪Ů˭ȴŮ·̬뺺˲ͬ˼ǧϣʻλҵĹɣ
ѩȻʲѧ͢ǣʩֱţһ˫۾գգͣض
÷ڸϽӣֹȻˣһǶôֱӹλԣСС̣ʲô֪ȥ
Ϊ裬ЦǧҪҪǧ
ѩҲʮͣòۣϹһźһˬʵĴ㣬һڴӦ
÷żˣ˲ñģСѵϡ
ѩɵƵģתͷʹֵʣҲܺ𣿲ܾͲˡ
˵˵ܾܡ
ѩʣ˵𣿡
ͷƶصǣ˵㡣
ѩ㲻ŤǧǧùŮľսľսƵûΪǧҪƵġλҹҲ£Ȼͦˡ
ҵĹһһ˵
ʵ̫ˣΪһСӣԼûʶҲܵʹ棬Ҫ㳤Լ˵ĻܸзֻŸʣ˰ڲ
һһ֣릺ϡ
һЦһ룬ôβˣǲһ³ȥ׺͵ܵˣϣʸ˵ܵܲأܵܡףĵ׾еŤ
ЪˣͤϢ
ֿһ÷ڣէһףϸ;ȥԶиƷ⣬һԱȣͻȻҲȫȻãЩСŮ˱ǿˡ
ϸ׵ʺ
ΪʲôײҪʺأ
÷ڻСĵҪ赹ˮһûá
÷ʣѧգƷһƷ
һֱܻÿ׵䲻˵㵹𣿡Ӳñ˾ֵĶǸʽ̵εġ
÷ɫһףл
һתͷȴѩڿԼʲô
ѩʱ򣺡ƯƤѩһ촽ȴġ
룬֮ȻĲɣҲԵϲ٣С˿òΪȻ˵ֽСѩƤһ㶼ס
ѩԼЦˣǡҴͰװ׵ģȺöҶסԹϲ˵Ĵ磬֪Ҫ˼Ҫ֮ƼСֻ˵Ļǲӣһ˫Ӱ۾ͷŨܣƢҲᣬŮҺܺãҵļãժ
ŵܶ˶Լ˸ȤǰǼˣöѩԿӣŸȤеȥһ
ʱ޿߹Ǳˣȥš
Ŷһʣ˭ʵģ
Ůƣ˭Ȼǻϡ³ˡ
ȹӻȥˡ
÷ѩ뿪ͷŮˣտ磬ʩЧ򭣬һ㶼񡣡
÷ںܳסͷøͣū֪ˡ
취ȥź򣬾֮ǰСԺǸŮһǲɵˡĵȴЩ֣Ȼô׳ôˣΪʲôǸŮڹźǲǻʺģ
һߣ԰һ֮˲ʱÿտ࣬߿ûôźĹŮѩʵظпǴĹ󡣡
÷ҡҡͷֹǲһģȵ۵Ů֮Ҳûĸôܳġ
ѩĿ÷ٱ㶢ſе㲻ڣʣҵϿʲôף
ѩ˵㳤ú빫ĸ𣿡ЩֲǺˣܾǳòࡣһΪԭŮ˶һģǵĹ񡣡
÷ֲѩäϲ֪ΪӵѩߵļȫŻʺģȻ
ѩֹ˵֮ǰҼһԭŮˣҲò࡭
˵ĵڣѾص޿ߵ
Ÿʣݲһ񣺡ҳһȥϴ軻·˵
􅱵һȥķˣ
𣺡԰ǸҵĹһ档
􅱻ûʹյг̣һ㶣Ȼæתͷڲڽѹ˵˵£󹬵ЩŮˣһҲᡣ
ȴԹԴӦĵ淴֮⣺׾Ҳ̫˰ɡûгЩŮˣֻ𣿡
ɫһ䣬˵˭˵Ļģ
˵û˽ҡ
􅱿Сֿʼͷֻۣڵǰ˵ͰˣмɲõŮ˸ܵ𣿡
ЩˣŤ˵롣
ͷصǲˣﰮʱҲҷָŮˡ
˼Ƭ̣иط벻ͨѾں˰
ǰ̾ﲻҲܻ
ҡͷҲס
ˡ
~~~
춯̽ܳȥ֪Ȱˡ
⼸ڹУҲÿĿ⣬ֻȫȫչ˶ӣȴûô¶һпȥ˼һЩ¡
ϴγ֮Ż׽
һأѾָ侲ôľɥ
һҶĿ
룬ǿ뿪뵱ǿڹУǲǲûж
ֻӲͷƤҪ޸ĸŮϵһһӳԷȻǹġ
˿ⲻƽʱĲɫ
£˵ǽϲˡ
􅱵ǵԸģ׺͵ܵܳԵùЩ⼸㲻Ǻϲ𣿡
ĪЩһˤӣҲˡ
üҲԥؿڣʲôԵùߣղˡ
±ڻеĸսսǱŵСƵģֿֿɰ°ѿӼһһ׼ų𷹡
˵ԼųԷͺˡ
ϵ˺ĵӣСԷÿȴ㻹Ҫأ􅱿ӣٿͻȻ̵ʶԼе簮ˡĹزûŮϸϸ̹ܲǵһĽ̷ӣôūŵģʲôѧһֱÿͦõġ
ʱŷ֣ò;ߺͳԷƻ縴˹ģΪš
ҪԷɼԵ㣬һԷ
ŴûƼЦһ£ҲЦ׷һ롣
ùš
Ůʰ
ʣ˯ˣܹܲңлҪ˵
䱸Ҫ˵ʲô
˵ʱ˵
һݡ
􅱴´˯ȥˡ
˯ţϷȥ􅱷߳һ˯ˣСӡ
һµ˵ǲҪң
֪Ϊѵ˵᲻Ů䣬ôܰܰ㡣
ҪǰŮһʼͲѺ
ϺӣʵܺǲǸԼģӳģϲ
˯˯ŵѹҲƽ
˯⣬ͷ˯ɼһ􅱰ǰͷ
¸ԺƼظŮͷ෢૵ҿ𣿡
ӰʲôıһҲҷɡ

¸ѩ˸ɫʹ⿴أԷ͵
֣£ɵز
ûǰᣬ·ŮƵҪле䣬˵ĸоýӽ룬̳ϵŮˣ˵Ҳûл鱦

䣬żɽ˵ǰǾ⹬ΣգԸСҶֻԸܽϲ֣ȴŭѹĲǡ
ȷʵ˵ĲͬҲ˳ӡ
Ҳǿ뿪ȫľ
룬ǻ𣿵Ȼڹ
ѩӣ¶²СôʱѾҪ빬ȥȽˣصҪҳҽ촬к£ȥĺǡɭ
ҪڹҲ޷ҽŮӸƣбԺ˵һСӵĳ


126 
˵仰ʱ, ȲҲϣȻ
ֱܷǲںƭԼ, ǲ˵󻰣ûƭû˸̸, ƽǰ´ʱ˵ƵĻ, ɻͷһŮ˵ֻ, ֮С
½ŵỺһЩ㻹Сǲ
ԭôĺӦòŸտʼɣܱʫ, ־, Ǻܴϻˡʹѧˣѩ˵ģӦʶһǧˡʶʶ, Ƕ£¡
ҡҡͷ, ֵͷ, ײ֮飬벻, ֪Ľ, ˵Ҳҵġ
š
ζԼɰСŮ㣬ҽ㲻֪ͬû, ͷظȻ, ֳ㽥Ա, ѹز۵ͣδزͱŮӡʱԴ
Ҳ㸸֮ĸŮ֮飬ȷ谮мӡĳȻΪƬ죬βɡ
Ů˺˵ķӲһǹҲ
ֻʵؾ˵ĲֱڻʱΪǹʴǲϹأЩΪʲôô뷳ˡ
ĸŮڴϴһ¡
˵ղǻҪȥϿΣʲôʲôҵȿһ
˵Сһ죬ǲż̫ҪĹΣһûдꡣҵ¾д
ʵûпǳ棬˵ʲôСʱȻˣʰ鱾˵Ҫȥдҵ顣
ûһƼĸŮڻӰ£һƼǰдֶ
ûָԸдд
¶ƢҲ˸˽⣬ٿЬӣ͸ˣһʼдüãͬ亢ӶˣҲȸãıʼһޣһֱԼдĸġд棬ûд˼ܣи͵дȥªȻԸꡣ
Ա߷˷ƽѧ飬ĲͬʲôŮ򡷡ѵȻ˾ѧʣԽԽòԾô˵ءŮҪѧģҲҿƾӦ֮£Ҳʱѧġ
顣
ҵسڵµֽţثֶҪְġ
ֱͦ׳̫Ҫѵңְģҡ
ĿɿڴǴȸܶ
װɵЦЦ
˵д
Ҳˣֽ̺дȥˡ
²ʵظоעԼߣ̧􅱣ҲŲԵĴ°칫̧ͷܿ˴ˡ
µûͷ
􅱿һǢദŮ⼸̻ؿڵɢ࣬ôһ˲䣬ɵ룬էһۿȥТҸһ㡣ôһҲǺõġ
µûš
ĸǰظʹӱˣûʲôɶ
ȴλӣǳӣϧಡڱȱ㣬֧ĲҲֻһǸСĸΪ壬Ǹݰ̫С̫ǰܸɵĸǸϷˡ
λӦöǿɺͥˡ
ǸΪӣȴܣ˵ͷļܵܶҪŪһûһǴӣԭĹأ͸ɺͷϵһĸÿ˥һ죬ЮҲһӽһ
ûıҺӣ߯ûϢǴ˵Ż徭˵һĹǻòϲǱˣսӼҲϹϾܵǸԸ޴ĵܵȣίʵ̫ǫ˵ҡβҲΪ
ҹ˭ദúõ˭ӴҲϸšǰҰģҪͥѰһӻһʱ֮Ҳò׼Ǿ䡣
~~~
ӰЩĻʵǽӴǣǻûмλС
ĴҲ֪ʲôÿղĴй䣬һĴύͳԷúУǳ
ҾԼǺЩദĺ˹ٻ˵ҲãЩĺӦֻǱȦѣһ㶼ûӺţǾһȺˣôǧڹģ
գӦ˵Լҹۣ衣
֮˵ƣһ㡣
һƣĵݳޡ
ڿຮ֮ط紵ɹһյ͵Ǻģɺȴ˷ѣΪǲ᲻ã֮Դ
ţٶϼǧҲ´ɡ
оݸһЦֱصʫ˵̫ˣѧʵڲᡣ
óŵΣСƣΪͱĶܸܵɱˣһĸֵͬܡ
ϴδͱҴ󶯸ɸѾʮǰˡ
ǰ˴ԭѾʮǰ£ǵǼµ˹ƶòˡͽʫпĳ´ʡ
ΪǱѾˣټ£룬ҵĴӶĽǵѧҪ̻ǺεȵĹ٣ǴȻҪؿ㣬񳯼
ԣ⼸ύѡ
ʼΪЦеġڴ룬ȨҲ׽ύԱУȻܣԱԺӼȴǲС
ֻǰԼӴ
ȾְذĽߵݡ
糺쾧ӨѾҺҡΡ
Ÿģֻһѧð˾Ųʮˡ
˾죺質á
˵ǵ츳Ҿһᵯǵˡ
Цǽá
˵գЦƵİѸ輿ȡ˹ģرòĵһģ
ڹ֮УƤѩطǵ׺ϸ⣬Ǳʯһͷ֮ʱмѹ֮꣬мʣΪŸ˵Ĵ
Ա㣬صվĵܵЦһ١
ҴҲȥɡ
˵ǲԸǿдȥֻҲȥˣûȥЩ壬ֻԺ֣ûգλٵӾֲ˼񣬰ѹˡ
֡
ʱλһνӴ˵ʱҲкܳһʱУЩǿ֮ȲûͨսùƬֵأǺܿˣûס
ǵǿǵĻʵΡʵƬϣûãǾֱϳȥˡ
Լܹ
֮󣬴Ļʵٴټǡ
ܵܶ˺˵ķװΪиӢΡ
~~~
ڹ¡
˽ܹͨһ̸˵Щ궼ʲô¸ŽԼĺļźðա
Ц˵дһμǡ
´𣺡ô֪ûд
Ȼ㵹ͷۣһ⣬һӣһһ֧ˣпдμǡ
¹ò׳˹ʲôҪȥ
û˵ǣӾˣżҲۣҪһפЪŵĹʵءǴ􅱵ĵ̣ĺΪңֻԼĹûȥȥҲøͷ桢͵͵ֽܡ
􅱲ĵμָӻЦȣôܲƣƫй¶ֳ
ͱ˺ãҲָĸ˶Ҫá
ֻҪ룬ܰӹá
􅱹˺üգȷϻͺˣսһĸŮ֮䣬ǰйʱ̵ȺСѾͷǻ룬ĸףһҲܺúýԼĺӡ
֪ĸŮ֮ʲôСܣûţ˺üգûס˽һʣǺ˵ʲôձúҪãܷ˰ɡ
µ㲻ҪӴǼˣпոģ
􅱺ûƢҪߣұǰ׼ǡ̫ҽҲ˵úܲ
㲻˵㲻˵˰աޡҲ˱ǡ
˵ʡ
·ˣΪҺ˵ˡҲˡɲ͸𣿡
Ѷشϼּʵ˵Ůÿɸ׽һ㣬Ͳߡ
û뵽ɵˣ㲻𣿡
ɻ󣺡ô㲻ҪŮˣֲֻԼαĻڹ֮ĵ֪ûԲҪˣ
􅱸Ͻȥǣǡ
̾Ů˳̫ˡһס
􅱳ŮңȻģʣһڹ¿ꡭ
¶סм˺üˣҿĹΣר̸̫Щʲô
ԭ̫Ů
롣


127 
􅱵ֹΨһŮ, ƫõĶ
³üˣһһкα, ֽԴ㲻һĸʻ᳤󡣡
ȴʣǲȻأֻ, ¡ĵ£ȻΪһ˰޹ȥ, ӹᵽԺ, һһ˹㿴ңҲǸˣҲŲкˡ
޵ĺ, ﱾѰӲͬ, ֲϡ¡
˵õֱ̹̹¸Цˣʲôɡ
􅱼ЦҲмɿ, ֪ģȻȻ˵ȥ޵Ļʺʱ, ޲, ޱǾ֮𣬱ƽһЩС¡޵ĸ΢, ǰԱԵͣԽ湦, װԼҪӡ޾Ȣ, ҲĲϵ¼, һҶĿˡ
􅱻δ˵꣬Ѳͷش£ëַˡ
ǰο̬, ¶ֻϷ
ʵǱƭˡ
һռӲˣǱ˻һһѪ裬ɰ̣һһȥ
˭˭ţǲš
ȴҲɵطûԺ󣬲ż􅱼أ²˳Լض􅱰ֲϡ
±䣬¹صл½Ůˣ˹Ҵ¡
􅱷뿪
͵͵һıӰĵ׿ɬ
뵽ǰԭΪ˺ӹһţϧֶˡһΣǻܾ
Ҳ֪ôı⣬ԸŮˡȴҲ֣ͲǵȲֻԼŮӡһֱز᲻Ժֻлż˵˵Ҳͦõġ
ŮڸһʼΪԼʵиӶе˸ж
ʱȥ㸴ʵڲ˽ӣͬǸ䵭кӣ֣మЦҲûޡΪأֻУҲ״һȥԡϣЩȥġ
һʱ䳡
תůյȣҲЩ´ߣֽ̺д֡
ӳձҪȥˣȴһ䱧ԹûУÿչԹԴ
ա
Ӧ길ףһдֶ
ǸסģиԱߣԼðڳļƣø֪С
һ˵ҪĻ̷ĹŮ䵽űȥ
ĥ˺öգŻ˵òã
ã£ͷͦõġ
˵״Ҳ˵㲡κˣ׾Ҫˡ
ͷԵءŶһʲô˼
ɵܸܵˣŶʲôˣûе˰
ʵòһֱ׶ߣѣϲȻϲģʱҲᣬͻС̫ףֻȻԺ棬Ҳ£ò˵һǵġ
㻹ǲ˵ʱҸдš
룬ܻĻ
ĿԲǸɵӡҵ˼ǣȻ׶ôãϡΣ
¹ҲûлʺƸʵ˼ʺֻͬͬˡ
£ȴʵҾײˣټ
˵׵סƫȻˣǰסһỶ
¶ÿɷ
˵˵еΪʲôҪֿأ⽲ͨ
վ׵Ķ飬в̫ͬ˵ǣˡ
ϸģгֵķȨʱеˣдʵ㲻֪꾿ʲôɣֻǲ׽ӰһЩ¶ѣСӼҼҵģͲҪ˵Ļ֪길Ϊ֮£ġɸѾĹ£˷ʥͣ޹ģҲģЩҿɷ֮Ҳﲻ
սеıʣ˵Ҫԭ£Ҳԭ£ֲǴԭ¡
ֻ֪ܵøһɣ
ҡҡͷ˵ֻСӣǱܴ˵°ɡ
ɸֵض̾ĵǸСӣôˣȤ
ۿˣȻȻͱˣֱѽС¸ס뵽ϴα޵ӰҵСӣΪȻͷкôôޡ
һ⣬ۿҪϽסͣˣˣҰҵǶԡ
Һ˵ĸ˵֪ǶСӣǲһġ
ҡͷ˵һģ⹬ﶼǵˣֻңҪǲ˭
ίһ£Ľ㣬״£˵Ҳ״
׵ʣͲеҲװҾҪ벻룿
ǡ
װͰֻͣ벻룿
ԥţǵͷġ
֣ǲͳˣľǡ
ܾﲻԣ˵룬˵Ҳ֪ܻá
˵Сѻ죬ôԼҪԼȥҲҪ㣬ԸүŲ㣬֪𣿡Сĵܵܣͷôϸëֿȥֱ˱
رס㡣
ңңؿĵײ˼֣ҪޣżûһమȻǽܡ
ÿĺӣǺúӣû􅱵Ѫᡣ
ţԼдҵȥ
¸ҵСˣԼֹģúɰʣʲô𣿡
˵ȥҺһȺСһϣԴһȥ𣿡
£Ϊѵ˵ײ¶档
ȴҲԴʧص֪װװ磬Ҳǣֻ˵չҵˣòãǵ׾ͳ߶ҶûУֻҪڱϿϣҲҾͺܿˡ
סס
̫ɰˡ
ǸԺģѵ׽İѳֵסͷôӦԺ󣬲ʣ㸸֪𣿡
ŽһЦ̵ص֪˵ã˵áʲô˳
ֺֺЦ
˺ա
װһüۣϹŮ·ȥˡ


128 
˸
̫̫ЦӯӯظĳŮ, һµС˼ҼҴҵҴүĸֵ, ֵȢϱӣͷ̫үӹǻӲ, ֵܲδּ, סһ, вСӣҲʮ
ǰѡȥİ빫˽, 岻ʱǰ, öǼҺӶԵʡ
ССȴᣬǰ, Ǹִϻۿɰĺӡ
дôˣ빫ĵ, Ҳһʼսս
ֻϲʫͻ, ĿЩ, Ҫùù, ˭֪СǻϵıǴɹ˽½ٰ, Щ꾩еŮ, һһ浾ҲǣǴ鷿ŹԺ, кӻҪƤ
ＷСӣԼ촭ѺǶˡ
Żһһӷһ˳ϣС˶˶顣
ʱ硣
̫̫һ̥ղ裬ߵĵû棬ǰЩ˵öˣͻȻˣȻҪҲ֪Ǹô¡
˵Сãá
̫̫ͷͬʹ֮е£Ҳùധ⡣չͻȻ֪ͨ˵ˣͻԺҲ֪£˵ջ念һһɵСλʺ׷ΪʺŮˣŮ˻ŵʱǻʹҲǺԤ׵ˡ
λ棬Ǹѵõˣ޹ֺѻԵݼڣµΨһŮĳ谮мӡ
ʱǰ棬˵СǼݿҪˡ
̫̫æȥǰӭӡ
ߵ΢СѾ
ǸС˵˵Ц̫̫һ㶣ȴ˲ǰͬСкȻע⵽СԸŵĹŮʧ̬
Ů̺źɫĹ۽üҺЦעСһŮü˳Ŀͦһ˫׹ӨٵĹա
̫ˡ
ֱǵλʹ
̫̫һȴǰеһЩţǻѰλʺƵŮӣһλ޿߹ֻ֪źϻźСҲһź
ŮתͷƺûôǲˣļλŮʱ̫ĬƲʹʱ̫ſ񣬵УױҫĿǰλСԵŮȴһš
̫̫ס֮ɫԷ֮Ժӣд
һʱҲòŮ˭мʥ죬֪ζԴǺãЦ빫Ůúܣһ·϶Ҫ֣ĸŮҲôˡ
°һֱ֣ڹﶼûôܣ԰ʲôĶҲϷš
ΪϣûȹӣһխľװкӴ·ʵİͷ
²ûע⵽˼ҵĴ̫̫ס̵شԼмֺЦȫȻ¡
Ÿ˼ҵСӣһֱ˵¼ǵӣʱһݺ񣬻׼ģǵкӽ̺ͣתҲ˸ߴ
ںԺСãһͷŮС
̫̫һԲʮһСӣӼż٣Ż͵𣿻ϽԺ顣ŮϣѼкӶ֧Ӧ˵ͻССһЩûдû뵽СӾȻѧУܻ
̺ңһˡ
̫̫Ҫˣ̧ͷڿԼڨڨصǸҹܽ޷Сˡ
ʧˣǰûڹ߼γƺ
̹Ȼѵ¡塯źһˣ̫̫ض񡣡
̫̫ԻˣŲū澣ǳ˵ķš
´ͷβ͸һаš
СȥǳΪݶûУձҶƵİ͸죬´磬ҿ֪ˡ
ڳĴ˲ʣСȴͯ޼ɵġ
ȥСǸŮ˭ߺʱŮǸûϹģƳ
󷽷Ů
ͬҵŮ캮ѣûȺŮӵĶԻûֹ
ʣ˭
һת뵽׵Ķֱӱ¶Ȼ׾ԻСôͨⳡţг㡪£һ𵷹ãǲܣһ˸ɡ
ɫ֮ˣҸҲвɵ
͵͵ƵŮ罻ȦУµؼȥ棬ʱʱҪ׸ԵҲԼԣҪιģĲɡ¾ûŮ׽ȾòϰߣЩܳ־ðο룬Ȼվüģദˣ֪ĺˡ
һյľڹ˸򵥲ϴ·˸ͷ̵ػعȥˡ
˸˵ţ˴̫̫һûǰĻţԹ˴̫̫Ľʹ㷺գ׵һᴫ龩ǡҪȰ˵
׽Ǹˣֱߣˡ
ΪʲôСӾ͵˵ģƫҪܲܰ
·¥ʱżһζȥ׵ӣףԷòãüعġҺҾ¥ԷǶ˵ܺóԡ
Ҫܾ
Ͱ͵سס˵Ӳ׼ԷһֱڹҺÿ
Цˣ㻹ûвСˡ
ٵ˵ҾǿǹôףڱСǰȴܽ㡮סҲǸ˵͸͸㡣
˲
Ϊ⣬ˣÿ޾Ϳޣ־֣Сᱻ˰ڲ⡣
Ϊʱ´¥ϵİλãûѾˣƹǸָʹûҪó
Сûñ˵ĵ
ʱ¥ϴһЩһطʰ£ǣݸһЦ˸񣺡μ¡
Ծ
ĸһλĹƹɫһ䣬ǹ˵һ䣬¥峡ûϵ
ޱȺԼһʱӦţüͻȻע⵽һڿԼȥƼλڴԼ
м죬һ룬ڼˣȥʱôˡ


129 
ȥ, ƾ͢䷢ͨ߳ǣܷƷ, Ͽ
ǴιȥȴһȦдȥ, ·, Сһ֧, ΪҪˣԷȴˡ
̵֮, ɷ, дǡһЩƷʳΰͺˮ£ҵ˷ϱı˸, ԸµӰȽıҲû, ΢һ, ˡ
йƣ㵹ǺɫҿǱ˰ɡҷ·˵, ǱҵĴӣҼá
ǷСһ, 첻µز£֪˭ѧġ
һС, , Ҷ˿ڿʲôƵģ۾ģһͷ
̲ȥˣǰô˵õģǸûعȥˡ
¾úܲ, öԷӦûϳԼϾ򵥵ݡҲֻƳԼһۣһֱĿеضŮ
ʲôHû֪ЩӲŮˣƫδɵСŮŻ
˵꣬˱ģֱӰСﱻιúã飬һӻ㱧ûƤԹ׵ģϣعȥˡ
ûʧ׷ǰȥ
»ͷһۣģҾŸߵѩ䣬һЩ뷨
ײˣС˵Ҵˣ
ʣĴˣ
֧֧˵ҡҾ͸ùԹԴڹĶȥΪҺãΣա
СС;ôһǸѧģü𣿡
𣿡
¿һãȻ̾˵ôҺİӴھ¥ǸСŮӽȥͱĵģԺ׼֪֪
ɵصͷ֪ˡʵΪȻǵܳĹֺŮȥˡ
СԴ󣬲һͱĶȥע
Ƽ·һӣ˵Ҫȥ͸
²룬ԸŮϵãһŶҪ֧
􅱹Ϊ֧ҰжжǿĸŮڣŮһʽ춼ʲôʲô˵һѷϻ¶ٸо˼Ҳû˵Ǿ뿪ˡ
􅱲ʣȥġ
µⱼһգһ糾ȥѡ
􅱲ȻʧؿıӰҲҹؿ¿ˣ
ȥıӰٿӣ˵ǲǻϲװ
ԼʵľǷϻ
􅱵ͷŮ˵Ǵ֮£㲻ġ
⻰ͲˣֹŲء
􅱰˵ʲô
ϰڳЦʣ»ػ״ҳ棬вУ
Ϊѣҡҡͷ˵ң˵ΨһһΣҲŴӦأڻʹܾͷ¶档㳤ˣѾˣǰԣҲҪΪ׿ǡ
൱⡢ǳؽϵ˵ͲϲףȻϸһκ׵һ߿ޣŹǻ̳˵
􅱿ˣεʱͻȻˡ
էһס΢ȣɹ􅱽˵ġţҲȥš
һ²һ£밲ȵصȸĲˣ뿪żһ˿Ů
վż֮⣬ϦչӰбڵϣһԲؿ􅱡
􅱳ٻվҲ
֮ľ벻ԶԼֻʮԶǼ꣬һµ־Զ߲˰ˡ
㷣ҲԼŹ֣ΪʲôǾ˲ֻͬһۣ;ϲôˣϲ塣˵ɣҲδĵزԸôĥô꣬ܵи˷ǰ߰ԼǻʵۣҪ΢СŮѱȴһͿء
ϹԵɽĺβڻϣᣬⱲǽⲻˡ
һ˵жˡ
􅱵ͷһϵһӣû߹ϽȼݹȥӶעⲻ֣صл
˵Ҫߡ

􅱺һȣѿڶ˵Ķġ
ͣ½Ųعͷ鸴ӵ
ʱͻȻˣһܳӣ˹ţ˽ӽ
˵Լʲô飬ȼԼħˣ֪ܷ꣬Ǿǹʹ־֮УһȻʼװģÿζһУôˣظˡ
ֻ˵һû˵ȥĿǧԣֻײ⣬һжɱصسȥ鲻֮
Լʱʹˣ޼ƿʩҪǿҲǲУֻ䲻ټڶΣˡѵ֮꣬Ƕڲˡ
􅱵û˼ֻôһ˵ʲô㶼ҡֻǰⱲһĶ㣬ͺһĺ˰ˡ
ϣ˵úУôôģֻһֱһŭ𣺡һʵۣαǰС
Եʯĳʶ̧һ
ţҪҶհ졣
˵꣬ˡ
֪˵ʹڳˣϴ˵ҸǰޡҲԳƣʱ֮ززҲ֪Ϊˣһȥˡ

ҶԼôϲ㣬ӣԼҲԾҾȻһ۾ϳˡ
ԳƵĵЦҲãҲգҶšҵıӦ䣬Ҳǿ£ǿ㰮ң㲻ǻҵİǼٵġⱲӾôһģǺڵģȫ㡣
ｫֽճȭ굽Ŀը􅱵Ǹɣ빬͢ҲɣԼֿڱϢס
ֻⷬ˵䡣¡
ǰȡ֣ҵ֣СèСŻᱻȡ֡
􅱵ʱҺ޴Ʋ㣬Ϊ߹󣬲ܰһū澡
ΪȡֵʱĻϲİС
ȥˣ
֪˵ΪūΪ澵Ļˣŵֻ¡ֻ¿ڱˡ
Ҳ˵ˣͽ
ֿʼս
ķңˣΪʲôû˵úóҩˡ
磬鷿ѧסܵת̫콲Ĺ£˵㵸ɫ
ʱͻȻѵÿҹ
ĵ΢е֪Լܴ¶ˣæ߶㣺
»ôˣ
ָ˵Լǰȥϵʱ򶼸ʲô£
¸⣺һȥģʲôû
øֲۣźǰ̫ףԭͲͬһȥȻ˵
Ʊ磺û˵˵ϲûд
ˣСѾͷСƭӰ􅱵Ź֮ˡ


130 
һʱά, ˵ܾﲻԾ
˵ףȴ߳, ֱ׳ؽѵӣ´ˣ
°˴ڳ㶼˵ʲô
, һ, ˵û˵ʲô, ˵ϲ㣬ҸҲϲ㡣
ŭ𲻼ǰôӦģ
¸ʷ𣬹Ų˵û֪
㻹Ʊ磡
ҺܣʲôҰ׺, 㲻Ӧлл㻹ңǲʶġ
, ֻɵ􅱡
Ŀ챻ˡ»ָʹģͲˣֻ, ôôأͷӣû졣
Ҷ, Ҫʲô͵ʲô, ˵ӣ˵Ҳҹܣ
һ, ͷܲǵŮ, һȻ׼ǰȥ, ׼Լඣ
, ֻһʱ뵽СС;͸ƴˡ
ʣǹⶼѧģ
һʵż, ƫҪװ첻µزµӣڲԵ˵㲻Ҳң֪ǰ£𣿡
˵¸Ҵϻۣʲô룬ǰǸ㶼ǸӣǹȻҲҡ
˲ʱס޷
һѵ趼ˣʹ쵹ʹ죬־ǳϿΣһ£Ҳ׼ÿջҪһǧ֡
ҲӲؾصظʿͷл
ҪЦˣʧԵ¿ģһģ̳ġ
ĳС¿׵ҵúĳһ𣬱£װƭˡ
ޱѿֲôģô֪ôƺҲϴ塣
»ӻ֣˰ˣұǾͻڳ裬šˡ
ҪôˣӴ㹬ǼŮѡһϡ
􅱸ˣЩŮһûҹ
Цһƭˡǰڹʱ㶼ûܣҼ겻ڣֲǲˣĹɣɴҺˡ
ûûͣһ£ٻƽصǼһЩչǻдȥ󹬣޿߹һۣǵŮͱ˸ˡֵĸŮ˵ҵĳԺҪԲ׽ǡҲΪô꣬Һͻ˵ãظ֪꣬ģôȥˡ
һЩŮˣ뵽һѻ֤Ҳټ
Ŀɿڴ􅱳ܣ벻ôһȭ޻ϣ޴ʹ
޿κε˵ǲǲţȥѩйʣȻˣһʡѵغˣܲҡ
µ˭һٶƭˡ
֮ܶ
˸µĳõСϿɣһϢʱʹ￪ȻҲⲻ˻ҪòѹʵĻʺپѰ֮˵λǰǸãǿл״ع
ʥЩðǳԾأҪôŮɫҪôô̼ǰǷҪŮ͵飬Ȼͳ͵顣
ưƣ
ǻϣҪʲôŮˣ㲻Ҳû취ܲֻ䱻˱ʵǲǺңȻЩ˾ȢعĹŮר߸ˣһʱˡ
ô죿ֻţõŮеã˷顣
ѩѩ̷ѩżװ͢⣬ѩΪйĸ֣·࣬²һֱ߶˲赹ˮżָһ¡
ѩֳȥˣѩϲ˵Ľ뵱Ҳùһ˻ѩ䣬λϲˣɷѲǵǸͷԵСѾͷȴĥľͷƵġһľЩ鸡꣬Ҳ뿪
ѩŹĵ˯һݣı˴Щ귢¡ѩ䰮ѩ佲Щ£֮ѩ佲ˣһֱҽأ㲻Ҳ˵ٹ꣬йˡ
ѩصҵŹùĴߡ
ѩȴ̾˵Ǻ˵ĺʵҲĺΪҡ룬鴦ûС㲻֪жۣùʵҲֻۣٺҲǵĹûҵȵ׶֮ذˡ
һȥһͣ˻Ľ
ѩԥһ£ʣûоùùúͻϵһЩǻ᲻ͺð
ѩҲ֪
һĬ
ѩ˵⼸ǹùµˣϲΡҡûù˵ɻȴڹùߺûӡùأҼǵòиʦϡĽùãùǰڹͲȱϲġ
ͨһֻС£ܴϢ̣пȥЩϸ֦ĩڵ飿ΪùûʣѵҪϸȥ˵ûȥԧ졣
ѩ˵ùڹ⵹ӣֻΪأһչ˺ӣҪ⣬û̸˵
ͷˣҪչһѾᣬƫƫŮʡģƤͰˣȻҪϵ
ϥ̸һأΪԼСͱӴ˵Ļ˭Ҳ˵˭һʱ뽩֡˵üأҲϴ
˵ҼеΪҪһɥĸ֮Ů
ǹû˸иŵĹֻΪɥĸ㱻˵ûн
ʹø磬Ů˶ףŲҪȥǸ
Ϊ˶ܣιҩ
ҩ˵ǳ֮Ǽ׿ޣǼڻճܡ
ʣҲϧҡ콡͸ˡ
ԹԵǳ˵ϣվȬ
ڴˣ޴ȥһ޴йײҲȥҸ߶룬˵ûûˣѵܵ˵˯šڼһ˹˼ӣ㿴ʱ䡣
ⲻ֮Ҳѧ˹ԣڵǰϴ˵Ҳˡɽ㲢δǰţһ¡
룬СѾͷӦѵ˰ɡ
糯ˣϹ䣺ϣǰҪӵܹһǷŻһ£׳ʢ꣬ؾԼһˣһԺӣӸǺãҾòȵʮ顣
Ϊ˵»һ޷⡣
ʱǶһϤ
Żϵ⺢ĴܣÿγŶᱻ÷ҵġ
˵ܲ٣ܲپ͵
ͷͷ۵СѾͷŸյڼ䣬ˣزܸСɫ
ȴǺͰ׵΢ЦһСȴǼʲôµĶƵɫ䡣
ɻ󣬵ͷһģǣŸ־ǿͷŸʣһ顣


131 
􅱹ڳŮĶڴ˿֡
Ǹ˳ë¿, ԽƫԽҪҪϵ֮, ˵һ£ʵ̫, û¾ĥıơ
ĳŸ, 彥, ˵Ҫ߶߶ʹŸԺͶӣߴһȭ, ɿ, 塣
뷨ֵúȻ
ͻȻ뵽ȫ԰ѵܴܵȥ˼
ǵϻи, Ǿ͵øųϺӵĸףһ, ˡ׻ع, ܵҲøŻعҪˡ
ֻԲͬ, һֱŻ׼Լıһ¡
ÿ緹ҪС˯һ, ûѩ֧ȥѸ, ˵ȥ档
Ϥ, ŵܵ˵Ժ棬ûע⣬һ·С·ǽﵽǬ幬, ȥǬ幬ȥˣǰôﻹð˸ûСкļҵСӣǣɵĵܴܵҡڵؽ
Ƽô಻ʶͷӣǴٷտȥ൱ôҲֵĵطҶڿǸƤкӣϽ˶㡣
С˵㣬ߴط˰ɣ
˵ûߴ
ͷҪðˣҪ˵ǳ⣺ס죡
û׹Ӷһۿһ죬һ˫۾תҪòصŴˡҲŵɫ԰ף㴭
􅱺ˣѺӶȥ
ٽһ£ԺҲ׼ȥ׼ȥ벽
˵̫꣬ȥҪ
˵㷣Ҫݣƾʲô㣿ֻǴܵܳˣʲô
ϱӵծȴҲڴǰָŮά۵㱧ߡٶ˵һ䣬޶෣һ¡
Ӷˡ
λڸ󳼶ǸСкϣһΪܵܡǶܲµӵݣֻǲ֪ĸ˭ŻᱻһֱšĪǻºزۣδ֮ڣ
Ӷÿģ뵽ЩӾǴ÷ɷзλŮӡǣܻǰڻʺչʱаǻϾܣȻһλʺФƵŮӣ֮һҹޣûϵȻ̥ᣬӡ
ôȥ꿪ʼͻȻʼҺͻʺŮҲõ˽ͣؾŮӡ
ɽˮ·һ塣
Ǽ϶յĻϵļ̳ˣԭţдҰ׵һ
ڸµֻܸǬ幬һݣʱ·ֹҲ̣ûһȿ˵㾲Ĭ˿һӡ
􅱻װ·ᣬЩϼһʶһ͸֪һװɵ
λϻʹɫ
վϣղŹǸС˭
һҲգ˵޹֮ӡ
˵ͺ΢ˡ
ϴͷҷ׷ǰû̫࣬˰Ȱ˵
ϲؾ³Сеճӵ鷳ֽӣȴ취ӽ
ǣ֮Ӿһϻ۵ģҲӡ
ĺĸ⣬Ҳ԰æ취һ˳ס󹬣һȦˡ
􅱱ͷҪˣȴ鷳ģ鷳Ļǵȥ䣬Ҫ
еڴΪҪ˵ϴ䣬־ú£ͱ˴һᱻú
Ҳ˵ܲܿС£ôӣȫˣһʣú죿
һȺҵġ
ĸ꣬ɽֻܺƤ˵޲˵ʲôֲ޵Ķӡ
ϵС񡣡
􅱴𣺡޲һ㶼񡣡
ȺͷӶ챻ĹˣӾˣЩҲԼżòðһƻӵкӣϳϡ
Ϊʲôأ˻ӣʡȥ鷳
ҧֻ˵ǲ޵ĶӣǿĪҪ˵ƽ޹ʻ
㽫Ѫ
Ӧˣ˸һȣʵڲ޿߹ȥ
鷿ڣ˶ٷŹȥˡ
һԺӣվٻµ
ʵʵǰһվԹԵȱֻ俴û˵֣􅱱úòڣԼڵû̫ţҴºķѪ࣬кüΪԼݰϵÿ죬ˡ
룬ðͷȾڲǡ
ӣʣأ
˵˯ˣҸ״
æұ˵Եɵġ
´֪Ҳһ١
􅱣
ûк̣
㶣ʹȥ̸˺˿˾ߣ􅱸һȦȴҲû˵ĵط²֪ߵǰסйСԺﵹǸƵĿһˣȴȫڣҲܸɾһһֱɨ
ֻڡ
􅱿س̣ʱˣ
ͻްĹУ⴩Ұ׵һҲ磬ȴҰǾޱʸ߶Уʵ̫ˣ޴йһһ˲ģȫһһ˿˵ӿ϶Ϊôӡ
ֻǣǣҵĴ
֮ŭƣ㻹ɣ治𣿡
Ҳˣ治ҡҶΥƭ˵ҵĺˣҲӣ
ˡ


132 
􅱲ֻ䲻, ԼƭôأҲ᳤ԡ
²˵, 㰲վһԵһ, ȴûһ߷վ, ʱ˼, ĥĥӣĸԸΪūΪ澡
վýе飬ʣȥ𣿡
ſ, һԲ, ȣûһƵ˵ȥ͵Сᡣ
΢, Ǳڸ˵ӵĻأ
û˵Ϊ㣬ǰҿŮһ, ΪҶô, а
ǶԸʱҲ᲻ͷ
⻰ĵ׺ܾ, һֱ˿͸¶һ˵, ͷǳ࣬һк
С淳ˡ
ȫ̳ɸ߸ϵĹ, ٰռʱ, ſھҪҵ֣ĵܵܵƵģָʹľ
ʱͻ뵽Ǹĸ, ûš
СòɣһúģܺǷƢĥͷۡ
􅱲֨ҪǿСޣ
ףףֻЩ㵣һΪʲôܴ׵
ҲܣƵ
ڨڨʣǰЩСŮദúܺ𣿡
˵빬ʱ򶼶ˣͶˡ͸С˳ţ˵ңôʱôΪ𣿻Ǳ軵ˣٲӣܴĻΪһ˵¹عҡΪϣͲ΢Ž˼ȥ㾿ǳǺ
􅱺޻֮ǳŮˣǰǵûףźӻСٳٽء
µֻۣûش𣺡֪ˡ
º޺޵ȸŮ
ƿԡ
ƣͲʣ𣿡
ػ˭˲ɣ
£˵ԼԼ
뵹һƺȣ̲ס˵Сûụ̂Ҳӡ㲻֪Ѵɻˣǻźҵòͣر塣
ħһʵۣܺˣȴܺһС޲׼ޡ
ÿҶȥ˯һۣȥ˵ΪʲôôΪΪ֪󹬿£ǰҲϣȥģĸ뿪Ұ벽ϳ
´ѹÿôϣиһ㣬͵ˣڵҶѵĵز
ƣʯĳŮˡּǰֲ֪û
¿􅱣һװ޹޺ģϷˣתͻȻЩҪЦһʱҲûôˡ
ںһϣͬΪˣǹһ𷸴ŪСħͷĥ
􅱼Ц£ҲЦˣмֺɵ
һЦ
һӻңŲһ£Դغȥɣ䡣޿߹ֻӣġ
ºһͨܣ鳩࣬һ뵽ӣҪ
˵ҪôЪ˹̴ҵûȥˡ
¼ּصһ˶ΣķĻʹҲģֻ˺Сʱ³ʱˣ
􅱺߳ܵش𣺡ֻǰѣ֮ˣֻһ֪Ƿֲ࣬Ҳ޼£ңβԭңֻþۺɢԺӣøף㣬ˡŻŶ޷
½üͷĿ⣬ĬΣɿüͷʵֱ治٣鸴ӵ֪գαص˵ٻغþۺɢĴӦң񣬵˵þۺɢ
˳ë¿֪ã˵ˣ淴
ҵûعȥˡ
ߵż죬½Ųεظ˵ûĵȥװˣǶϲȴңСޡ
һ߻ȥ
ûƵ··ߵ죬ΪԼ뿪ˣӦˣĶ֪ԼںδҪȥĳط·
⼸룬ʱ͵͵ȣͰ·ʱܾ·̫ҪߺþãǻûҪܼͻᷢ£ȴ֪ģ·̫̣ϣ˴·ٳһЩƽ͵شһһ仰˵Ҳûϵߣˡ
߻ص޿߹⣬ͣ½ŲƲӵҪʲôħƵģ̾˿¡
􅱸ͣ¡
µһۡ
~~~
²һֱڹУ׸۪ǰæϱ̯Ҳһֱֲܡ
ͷǲģƾˣҲûǰһһէľԱֱ̽Ӹ˵ҪȥˣȻȥһ˻ûʲô¶ʱʱҪѺи􅱹ܡ
Сħͷ̣Ҫܡ
ת۽죬ȴû̫á
ȥ궬ѩµҲũµûȵճɣｻ֮ʣ꣬ӦǺ£¸ͣۼҪк֣֮ˮգӵҲ
·׼æýͷöС£λһ֣صúúôָڵӡ
ҲŹش󣬼λϻؼŸϳûò֮£ұֺŪȥ
ʹ࣬˵ٹʮ죬ˡ
ҽǵ£Ҳһպ
ӹ졣¸̾˽µ
һ졣
ܣž졣
գʪ
֮󣬵ֵȣûȵڣͷʣҹʲô£
̵˵붬Ժдѩ˲٣ʹҽ˵û֮ݣˣӵֽˡȹգͣˣʹź߰ɡ
ա
ûĻȻңһ˿ڴ
Ȼһá
һıֵԨ
ѧֻƤëܿյʣ֪ͣˣ
􅱵ͷˡ롣УҲĴˡҲҪæ
¹¹ʣ˵
􅱵Ҫȥּ꣬α㲻һˣǵչա
´Ӧ
~~~
լﱻþãǱ֮ˣķֻסһСѾ˷ƣ¿ɺãȥ涼С
¿ڼҶ飬ǰдòãͥҪ˵ıīֽ鷳ܷ㣬һֺ̣֡Ҳ
򿪴ϣֽ䦳һСʪ㣬ܣֽϱʷ潹ġ̡οģ
˵ʵȥ˼룬֪ʱͣ
ѩ֣Ǻԡ
λĻʵʮͷ۰ɣ
ˣ˻Ҳ׼ȫֽīˮʪĺۼܾÿȥǾǵĵΣһ̨īȥīˮӿ΢΢Ц
ǧѷĺûᣬҪɺҲҪƬ֮صˡ


133 
ڴ, ΢΢ͷǽѻɫʡ
꣬, ѹţʱ׹̮, , ɢŵĳ, ֻ˼ʽӣûϴ
һۣ㽫ϡ
ɫ̫ˡ
ﻹ߱ơ
ѩԾ, һϴõ, ʣʱˣ
ѩ𣺡ûʱ
ף룬ӦѾ, ׼ˡ
¼ϴֻ췢, ղ, Ҳأ߰ĵۡǻԵõݽ, ΪʲôⰮãصװ˼۴Ů, ʥ⵹Ҳûǰȷһ, ˵˼˼
ó, ûͦ􅱼ˣ, ԥþò⼸г֮⣿
ǣǣСŮΪˣȴ쳾Ҿġ
􅱱
·ԸţȥӣҲѾˡ
С᲻˯ÿ̽¶ԸŮͷŮӣǰҲйᷢļɣɺЩ겻ãòˣû􅱡
ھӵĵӰԼбķ٣ͦ˵ǵúá
·ӣ˵Ҫôͷᡣ
ηһΪҲף£ƽʱʲô£˵УȥҲûã׽֮ö֮òηס
ʣôͷ
µˣղţòʲô١
ǴԺ׾ͶûǰˣǸ䵭ǶˡȤ˼ײһײ磬ȴֱķ绪ۣſ飬д˱ѡ
֮䲻ĸŮʦ
ҪԼӡе׽аݣȴǿ⣬ƹˤܸСħͷг
¡
ţס磬캮ͭ¯̿
ߣԻĻӽĺĹ£ýζͰ£ҪΪ첻ԣƤӰϷӽйϷۼΪǰǸСӦǲˣһ˵ȻиӰ죬˵㶫
ΪĽã״㵽档
±˵ҲԴ㵽氡
첻˵ˣ£ȴ뿪ߡֻϧС΢뾡취ҲûܳɹһſΣŮרŸ档븸ʺڳֹµĴˡ
ͦˣʷ飬ûĸΪ
Ӷ˯ˡ
ҲЩ֪س硣
ѩù˯ˣҴҴǣѵƸˣͷشӡ
~~~
˯ˣӴֽ͸չ⣬ɻǵÿˣôͷȴ硣
ҲûСӡ
˯˶ãأ
ζ촫ȥƷ̴ɫŮٷϵѩ߽ˡ
üʱֳɡˣ
ٻܣԼƺ޿߹Ф£˳޵
ѩȴǻʺܴȹ
һʶԼһС
ʲô߰Σ롣
ûȹĺ桰ĸ󡱡ĸ󡱵ػСӱŽǸֲȻ߸Ÿ곤һЩӿ޲ɫ
ֹȴǣСýţű񣺡ĸ簲
֣ʣҿԸͷ𣿡
¸Իˣһʱ֮䲻֪ӦǶǵСħͷһΣҲûʲô½ڣȴĪĻļ¡
ҡҡףĸ󡣡
ʱҲˡ
һ㶣ȥ࣬ޱûô׷üҲûôƣ۽üչ࣬ӹøΪġ
􅱽žͰŮ߱ĸĸͷġ

􅱶Գӵѧȥ
Ժû˵ڴߣҪȥĶͷ˵˯ɵˣ
΢΢һЦ
ǲӦܣͷ
£ûʣ¿ڣҺʱ˻ʺ󣿡
ȻʧЦһⲡ没ͷˡĪǰ޺ͺǶˣһǻΪʺ󡣡
οơ
üͷøǴ޹أ
һãȻ˵ʲôˣ󹬲Ǿһ
±ۣ£ѹ˰죬Ҳûⳡ롣􅱵̫ҽٰšˮӸͷ
ӵ£ҲԲϣȻϻʺ󲻾þģֹ꣬Ż˸Ů
ˡ
б˺üա
ۣ޹˵ǡ
µҼǲǰ£ôһͳ˻ʺӦһҪŶԡ
֣£㻹ã
¿޹ģ֪Լȡ֣Ǹ􅱸ûС
ǲ죬˼ȥ˵ǰĸҲʺ󡣻ססӣ˯˯Ĵ
Цˣģԩ
ȴ˵ʲôŵʱҲ˸¡Ӧá
􅱵ǲˣǲ⣬꿪ѹƵؽǡ
üǵҲأû˷ǸǮʲôʲ㣬ľॵسúܡ
ϲ͸ġ˵ҲûǮ޺ûӣʡºһʿ֧ȥˡ
ڹﱻƵ÷
􅱱ѲӽϵϼңϼҲûݣȥأҲûô˼
ǳߣû
ʻ·ãȻҪȥأ֮£ȷʵ޴޲ȥҪһֱ·ϵ
􅱼ûֻʲô
涵һȦй
û֣ȥɢĿʲô
գ˻˱װǣ֣ȥɢ
ԼЩɻˣһǼǲ
˵ǲˣֻҪǵɱ㹻ˡ
ƣôȢʺˣ㲻һҪȢŹŮ𣿡
һ£ʲôŹŮҲȲҵ䣬ֻȢ㡣ʱ֪û˺ӣޱ룬ǽɷԣⱲҲܸ㡣㿴ӣ˭˵Ĳǣ㵣ʲô
һʮԼûͿλӣ̫ϻʣһĺȥˡ
û꣬ϺͿˣĴߡ
ÿ𴲶Ҫͷûܡ
죬ϹѸãִ􅱳Թѣһͨ˯ѣȫȾɫ֭Һ齶Ūˡ
±ûѸʲô
􅱰̾Ҫȥ԰ѹˣѹˡǲ֪䳤ôССҺõҲԲ
ϼһ̧ͷЦף䣬Ⱑ
˵űס֣Բ˯ԺѹˡϴҴ㣬ϲԣҲԡ
~~~
ѹ
գˡ
ĬѺ§У̾˿
ⲻʵʵεΣкãֻһζѡ
ٿɫǺѹѹһƬ
􅱵ǻˣһعɾƲֻۣ۽Щ졣
􅱻лͷ㿴һ캢ӡ
޷˵Ҳҵĺӡ
һ£Ҳ֪ǲĴܾúЩ
􅱴вǼ꣬һＺگ
ʱͣˣͷ·ԭλǫĻʵۣҲˣǰвҥࡣ
ͷܴ
λĸ󳼱ֿʼ޵شʹڡˡ
˽룬ϴºӻСҪӺԲŽȲҲ޷ӽ꼸ꣿҾõ߰ͿԷųˣȻٿɾЩˡ
􅱲㱻ƽȥͷһ£ϣûлӣʲôӣ޲á
ֻüװɵ
޿ߵܼϣЩ˸ɴֱȥѺӸڳ
ӹǺ˺ܶ࣬Ҳˡ
ٶһһ졢һʱһӣҲǺõġ
룬̬Ⱥֿܲʼ¤
գȥԺ
룬ڵϿ飬񾲰ȻļҲˣ޲ôʱ˿̿Աá
˱ʣʲôҪ˵
һʣ̣
²˵
􅱵ӱ䣬Ҫô߾ߣҲʱֻܻҲñáǸˣÿ¿ҡ
Цˣ˵ʲôɵأϡһʱػ˵ҪôƵ¶ڣǿ»ǲǣ
ͷŪɳ׾ֱ̾Ҳƭ㡣
룬˵Ǹûи׸չԺˣ꣬ⱲûλᡣһȻҾʹˡ
Ȼʧ⣬浽ʱӲģһáֿںڣ²ʲȥ
ʣ뷴ڲɣ
ɬȻûУҴӦˣҴӦǡ
ƻһ¡žһ
¾Ĭش􅱣ȴемơҲ֪Ϊλ룬ɴٰãݿȥģ􅱣Ծһʣ䡣
عס˴꣬ǽ䱸􅱣ֻûǰǰˡ
˴֮󣬱һɢ
˯ڴϵĸ˸սСȭͷ
ա
ҪΪʵѰ졣⺢ӵݲɸˣֻ⹬һ͵͵ףδ̫ᡣ
֪ͨԸܵ׼һ
ܺˬֱȥʸҪʲô
Ӵһ˵Ҳûôע⡣
ֻҡͷûʲôҪġ
üչʣˣţҽҪǲ
Ƕգ۾˵㣬չˣ׾Ҫˡ


134 
, չˣ׾Ҫˡ
ԣһ, ĵǶϡ
ס󣬺ջ, Ҫ˵, йŮڿ, ֻѹʣҪ뿪
Ͱ͵صͷ
ķңӸʲôѽС档
ŴŴ˵ҲС档
˶, Բ, ˣѧˣҪǸС, ϶һֱڹ
ʣ벻뿪
ԥ˵Ҳ֪
ߥ˵ҲӺˡŮԼ⡣οǸкأѧԼ, 㾿, ߣ
ˣüŽ㣺, ʲô
ʣҾ벻͵ͷ
׻ǵͷ촽࿵˵, ǡ
˵Ǳһˡ
е㺦£ен, ٽǰָĺΪҵ, Щеų⡣
ˣС˵Ī, нڡ
ˣȻһ׼Ҫ¸ˡ֪װûиҡ
ֵͷشӦ
븴ֻʣա
˵ĵһСӣʾ֭Ҳ벻ʲôð취Ѹ͵ȥ빬ߣ㵽СǵļôѸ͵أԴϴѸȥǿԺ޿߹úϣʱ˶ţߡҸҲ׼ȥЩͷˣڰء
ȻһȻû취ѸȥǻǱˡ
⼸չԵĲɡ
ҲûеŹ֣ӹǺ¡
˸ǰһա
ȥ鷿ϿΣͬ˵Ĺдû
ãȻдˡ
ҿ
Ѽֽݹȥⷭ˷ֻúÿûи©ˡ
ٷԼ鱾ּһֽдţฮϣ
̧ͷһۣʾ⣬Ȼغ鱾գգ۾
ֱ˵һֱİ￴ǹĸɻδ¡֮䵹ûĸءѡǶĿءˣضùɣ
ؼҵ·ϣûֱӻؼңǹ˵ȥԽֽ͵ϵϡ
껵£µػ޿߹
룬ʵڰƼˣʹŸһ޶ϵֻδûзȣȲѣȡַ
~~~
ҹ
뵽ҪˣѰշת࣬Ժȥߵµķſڣǻȥ
ټĻʹģȴֱӽȥ
ûһµҹ˯ȥʲô𣿡
ͣסŲ
Ŵ򿪣ɫ֮£˴һۣµתҲ纮
ȴʣĴҹҲ˯
¾ĬƬ̣̾һ˵ЩĸĲ鷴
֮£􅱲ñ֤ˣеĳŵͲӦͷһȵشӦֻ˵ǻҪңұˡȡѪѡ
ʣҹʲô
􅱽촽ʲôǲ֪ߵˡ
䵭Ƴһۣ􅱻Ļٶ˵һ仰
ʣȾ𣿡
􅱻عæ˵á
ߵԼǰ􅱲ŵϵľζ
͵͵ضźһȾơ
¾ã죬ɫ̲ס˼·Լ⣬Ͳٺˣ˵Ⱦ°ҪǵҶ㼸ƣڴˣ
􅱱˱׻̹׵һΣûȾƣ´һұĻģԭҰŵģͷβͷڣƭȥˡ
µû˵Ȼ
Ҿ˵أôôɡ
ҲٸƣԼһȴ˵οʲôûУҲƭˡ
ºǺһ
ԳƵĵ͵Цֻϣٺһ㣬±ȥʱȥ㣬㲻̫ҡ
ĸµһǵǰ˵ֻǸյļˣô꣬ҲûдһΣ뿪˻ʹҲû취ػҵļ磬ҵĸĸ㡣
ƿԣ
ֻԼһãЮţǿˣҲߣȴ֪ȥˣеġ
һƣˡ뿪Ͳˡ
Դ⣬ЦǲͦģʹϣҸ˵ʵңҲǵˣзӳȥҲװĴȣŲţ
􅱼йâ˸ɵмֳˣ־Ůϵԭ򣺡ţҵȻš
ſϡ
􅱻ΪǺ˯ȥˣ۲һȥļҪ˱ȥľһ£ҪҪиŮ
û¾䲻˵ʲô
􅱱Ůŵ֣ʲô㲻ôӰ㹴ңҶûκ¡
˵£¾;ƣ̧ͷһƵضס􅱣ֲԼ빴㡣
˵֪ˣ˵ˣһҲ׽ҡ
̹Գ·ȤҪˣĵӿһɳ嶯Ҳ̹׵ǰģ㻹ɵʱϲġ
Ҹĸöˣһ𳤴󣬾ҵİһҲҪ㡣
˵ʱǰãֿĸұܲģǰҲֻǸ޴Сѡ
ľĿ˿ڱ⧲˺ѿ񶾵Ҳûбڸܡ
˵ҾߵĺǣҵǺһҪдʷϣ˶֪
˼ѹʹĸо˵㶼ҪԶ߸߷ˣֻһ֣𣿡
¿˿ɫ԰ײװģⱻɢʣôˣҸ̫ҽ
סؿڣҡҡͷأҡһһ
վıֻǲĿԼǰȰ˵ǰ̫ҽɣֵࡣô£ʲôʱĽʹëˡ
δ£ɫ΢䣬µһЩ
􅱵㡮󡣡
䣺ƭġ
ֻ֣˵û˵ƭˡ
􅱻ɫ˵㣬޲㣬·˭졣
􅱻޹һѾһŰ裬Ż㱵˯ȥ
û˯ãˣÿ㶼ѣżףǰЩҺ˽ڽյĳƳ٣룬ɴġ
һʱ􅱽ˡ
ҲϡͿȥС˯һ̣û£˵ϵڹ⣬мҪ
ʲô£
ֻĨȥӼࡣ
ɫ࣬һ⣬Ժ﷭ۣһȴҲ벻𾿾׮Ҵ˼ɫѿ
һȴ˵ֱӽ˷ǰϣժñժӡ
ˣǺ⣿
ϵϳϳ֮ҡҪȢҵŮΪϳҲӦˡҪ׷Ϊϳָ¡ĲֻΪһϳ
δлӣҲ׻Ϊβ˻ѪӶҪ£


135 
ֱͦ, ֱΪ֮˲˻ʺн٣޷ڴһ𣿡
􅱱ʵһʱ, ǵǻ֮һ֧ŹǴ󳼣λ֮Ч, Щ˵ǾϹ, ˵ǱЧ, ˵ǱЧʵۡ
˵ֱȷֱ˵ƻ, Ҳǽƻ
̾˿, £ʣǴӺ֪ģ
ϵԣм١óֹдֽ֮, չʾ􅱿
􅱾ȻֹȻ˵ĸоͻ۵Ķǡ˵, ⼸ôôΪú, С֪ˣȡѵ, ظɳ¡
ʣ޿߹ֽס֮˿ǻʺˣ
޷˵Ŀ, ֻóϣǡ
ɻҲһʺ󡣡
ϵһΪʺһҲǲ, ˵ͬñˡ
Ŀ࿴, ΪǸظˣʱֱλǰ̫Ů֮, Ҳϵһӡ
ⲻǣֻ±ϣ􅱿Ц²Ļʺʲôӣ
ʵΪѡ
ϱȴȥ¡
˼Ƭ̣ǣϼλԺڿҿңиֻڴһϣһֻ۱һֻۡ
ء
Ĺñݸ
Ϲ֣ҡͷϳܺ޳ܵԼȥ
ֻϡ
һ˰ڼ޿߹ȥʲôѵŮȥ
ûſڣȴһ
ȴֱ׵Ϊ߾ȻΧ˺üλ
˴ʣʲô
Ϊ׵Ĵ޹Ҵùͷ㶵ʣǹ𣿹˵Ҫټǡ
޿߹ſڣȴס
Ǳ֪ˣϣøϽƲԼ
ɫڵĲܸڣŭĿԲ̣֣
ȴǹǺعһƬ
޿߹ĹȻֱӴ˽ȥף롣
ȴֻСһû£ֱͦͦվţͷԼʣˮۿת
־񣬽ּ
޹ڵϣֱĵװùǰϺͻʺ󶷷꼰㣬Ϻ͹ֱŤϴʺµŮж谮ʹж顣
ͷһôףŵҪ˵ĻҲں˵ڡ
һ⣬˶Ҳɱ˵ת֪ˣƫƫܹ߳ţȥȰ˵ԸŮ
􅱰ŮСƵ뿪ţֹϡ
ڹǹ˺һԼڵͶֻװƵġ
ƽϢ֮󣬲˹ǸԻعҸ벻׼Ѵй¶ȥ
޹룬ٴʥҲǴҲҪŮ̫谮ˡ
ûԶ˹Ŀ
ãҲװû
ƽһαʴƨɣ޵ÿ˺ѷΣϴε֪ʲ뿪޵øҡ
̾գˣֻʣôһ·£ҰɣˣҲҪҡ
ָŴһ£˹ҪŽ㣬ûҽŴ
СӾͿʼ
סܵ߿ޱ˵ҲܣҪ
􅱰㶼ҪֶҪޣ͵ֿܷܵǰɣһǰߣߺˡ
վһԣԱһĽܣøȴ޿κΣ
Ǳ㴫ȾһȻĻͷ˵Ҳͽһ顣
ֺֺЦֵܽõĶթ֮гǵһμȻôҪõĽܣǻʼҵ֣ΪӶǺġ
úõ˵ҪӹµãһԽֵ֣
òװСһֿ
ҪȥȻܳɣ̺ݻ˵͵ܵһߣҪʳ
¡
һֵ֣ͨҹɫˣͷöҪȥ£ûʲôر֤˵ҵȵȣٺзӵġȻˣһľʳ
ҲˣôߣһΪ˵ͨˣҾ֪һʱҪˣúˣƾʲôĺȴҪҡ
ʵû취ҧгݣ߬ȭͷͷԵ˵Ҫʵ³ȥˣԼ
Ȼתͷۿˣһ̧֣Ҫһȫ㡣
ĵױһĵһ߱ĳ嶯ݺݵشһ¡
ûΪĶζ£ԼŪְۡ
һδ􅱣ֻǶƤӡ
̫ˡ̫ˡ
ԼۣһߴһҴǰɣ
þۺɢû취þۺɢŪôѿ˵ôãǸӾ߳ġ
Ҫ㣬ôô꣬Ǹӣ
Ҫ㣬Ҳ
ˣЪǴڴڵشҪ̻ȥҪ㣬ҸСӡ֪ʵҲʲôˣԼӣô̺ӣ
􅱵ҲȫۣϾ䴸ôȭ˺üƣеˣһʵôأ̾˿ѩϼ˪˵дŸˣһˡҲϣñժˡ
˵
ھһ֣һҲߣⲻҪ̫Σա
ô죿ô죿
վްⲽĬظ·ʤ
ͻȻʣˣǲѾ޿ɾҩˡһ𣿡
ǡվסŲһû취ˡֵز˴ˣǺܿЦĻ
ȼһһ𣺡ϡ
ɱ㣬һ˰ˡ
һ߽ȥԽǽӽµĿԽҡ
̧֣סѹ£ϡ
İһͽδȼĻ֮ϣȻ档
µ촽ǳΰס
ңȺ􅱣ҲԼˡԼ̶֮УԽҪԽѲ
ҧһ£ҲûſѪȵζڱ˴˵Ĵ֮䡣
һֱ۾ֿ˵Ҿ֪ᷴڣÿζ
􅱵ͷ£ˣǶûлͷ֮·ˣҲţҲⱲǲܺþۺɢˡ治֪Ǻãʺɣˡ
ҵĻʺ󡣡
ϻմѪĨ֬
􅱵ҵĻʺȨҲ㣬ҪٸҸ㣬ҪͱһͿͱвУ
ЦҪͱ㣬ǳ˻ҳٵǧˣΣ֪Ҳô
һʣ˵ҪԸӦʺҪʲôҶ㡣
»ǸΣ˽ܺﵽزȷİ˶ʶ̧٣ȻɿڣȻʮĥʲô
ˣûǮûȨʱһλĶǮȨˣļįˣҪһݸ飬ԽǵòԽҪ
˵ʱ䵹ص꣬ҵĺûûһٶҡңҾʺ󡣡
˶񶾵˵􅱣һҾͶġһֱǵһȥ˯Ů죬ſŮϣ֮ңҾ¡
Ҳ֪ҵʲôʱġ
ǻʱѾˡ
ҪʺҲֻĻʺ󡣡
ľԼҪˣſ֡
˶ңű˴ˡ
􅱻عͷһѼҪݸ
ʣҪʲô
˵ֻǴһ٣ӦǸ㣬ҲãҲ޷ʱصȥǸɴˡ
û˵ûӵ绰ǰѼ˷ĺ⣬ԴðһƵ뷨ѹţѹ˵ʲô˼􅱡
ƽش𣺡ְ˰ɡҲ˺ӣҲúͱŮˣˣǲǾɾˡӦþͲٶ˰ɣˣҵĻʺ󡣡


136 
һͻȻײ, ټռŵĹɫɴʱ÷ɶ
²δҪ£δùס, Ƕ˴һ顣ʱ˿̣Ҫ˼䡣
˸ҽӽǡ
, Եùƽ􅱡
˵Ļ, ˾ơ¼ɶ, ȴǸӣ˵ַ軰
촽ҧˣմһĨѪ, ֮԰ɫ, ɫȴޱȲ԰ףȻĹ֮У, ֻò, , ǣǷˡһһʱ, ұˡ
􅱿ȥȻƽ, ³ÿһ仰ʱȥ˹ȫǸ, ȴԵ
ֵ, ú¡
ǰߴ϶µؿȴûбӵĸо
ʱ˿̵ĳǰҲй, Ϳзӹ䣬һӿԺ֮С
ʮʱ􅱸߾֮ϣ빬й¹ڡ
ʮһʱһйһ􅱣􅱸һһݵͼΪӡ
ʮʱ􅱸ı⣬˵ʲôңɵ¹ɵλ
ʮʱ􅱱ʹҪӣ̺֮λ
􅱺ǹԸԸ⣬ʹǲԸ⣬Ҳɵ˰š
ԸҲ
ʱ֮΢ɱģ̸ʲôѡѡ񣬲􅱡롱򡰲롱
βһˡ
ߣҲзӿߡ􅱣⼸􅱵£ʵˣ˻ѱˡ
˵ߵ͹֪ҪŮ̫Ůʱʵ;ǲЩˡ
ǰķˡ
½ӹͷ̧֣۾һգգضסΪҲ𣿡
􅱲˵ᶨ߹ȥ֡
һҧһᣬۣһ¼оԼʲôۣ􅱵ֱżû֣Ҳûֹͣǰߣ۱ѪӿӶȾʪһһΣڵϣĿġ
ӲǶŵȥѪذӵ뻳С
ﭡ
ڵϣһ΢졣
􅱱סعȥ
꣬ѪµĻ䡣
Ҹʲô͵ҪʲôҪʲôҾ͸ʲô
䣬ҵĻʺ󡣡
Ҳ㣬£λһһֱ㣬ʲôʱʲôʱ
~~~
̫ҽͻȻ޿߹Щɻ̫ҽСĴ򣬶ר˾ˣƽڹûʲô¡ʺ񣬲Ѻô򶼹ڹУƽȨ󿴲ÿ»ȥʼҿĴȰøϰգڴ˷ĵá
·ϻ˭ˣȵԺһţƼصѪһһŵЩǱѪŵģ֮˾Ȼǻϡ
Īǹн˴̿ͣô죬ͻȻˣ
һ滨ľϣ˵ĸ첲ϣӦкһѪˣѾɰɫѾƤϡ
̫ҽ޴֣ͷصϣð˿ϵ·С
ǼǴ󲻾ĸ¼
ԱһŮǰֱӰ􅱵Ӹˣ͡һ죬ʹ죬ȴļһ
̫ҽɿһۣʵղžע⵽ˣŮӳúͻùֻ˵ǻʺ
˿ڲ̫ֻǸѪܣԲѪע
˿ãϱϽڲҪ˶ֱ֧ۣ˿ѿ
˵֮􅱲Ųµ˵²׼ڲϣֻӦġ
̫ҽ𻰣Ҵˡ
ֻʣˡ
􅱿ǰȾѪӣµٻǹеﵱȱС
룬⹬صŮˣҲ
􅱵ø
ʱиС̫߶µ̧˻ٵȵ̿
С̫࿡µúܣΪԼܹ̫ܵ͵ĸɶӶеңƽʱҪɵȣʲôۻõʹͻöϽҲˣŽӰ࣬ͷء
ջŮ˳ܣǶȥɵҲңȥ
һû££վһԣͷܰһҶ
ظоǰӹһӰӣʲôͶ˻֮С
ʶؿȥȻǻϰմѪӽ˻
ϵһֵϵȵĲ˿־Ľƹնɣ˵ЩˮĹЧ棬մ̿ҲûƵ˿߾ţȴûðĻ档
С̫࿴żյҲżһƬңԼҪԶˡ
ǸŮͻȻ˿ڣ㻹⿴ʲôûźĵطˣ°ɡ
С̫ӳ죬æӲ˫ȣæˡ
һţͼ˸ɵ͡
ʣôˣģ
С̫ҡͷǸŮҳġ
ʹ㵹ǺԼȥһ˰ɣȵÿ죬˵ܱס
С̫ɫһף˹ȥϽӵˡ
͵ɶӣϧԼҲܰСˣֻҪлڣϵƢࡣܻùԸûֻ֣Ҫϵϱ㲻Ūˣ벻ᵱ档ڣǱ˵ˡ
ūŵģܾŮ˲ֻ֣ǲ֪Ϊʲôƫ˻ϵۣ˶ܰѻϸסŮҲմĹ⣬ܳ谮
һʱ֪һҪ䶨ˡ
ڵʱ⹬жûŮܺ
ˣʲôǺ޲ðԼǰ¡
䲻⣬ȴҲöԳ͢ͺ󹬶Ǻ£ϣܰҲóԸոγϡǰ浣Ļķ¶ۼŻԴϵİͷ˿һһףʵ۵ģܻʮĶ࣬Ҫǻˣ°뱲˭
ֻùûûϲֿ˵꣬ʮҲǺõġ
~~~
􅱿յһȥ
˲ը١
µһҪǮ֪ȥзֲһҲٴ
նյòˣ˵ϻȻףֻԽѪԴһѻˡ۵ĻҲִ治ĸо
·ʲôƿ
ǲ³˼˵㲻ǰ»ա
µҺʱ˵ϲˣֻǲ㣬Ǯѣܼңҹʲô
ת뿪ȥ
􅱲˵ֻıӰ
ûӦ£׽档
ңһɢɳƴã􅱶Ż裬ӳϸƹ⡣


137 
÷Ǻ֪հֳֹʲô, ۵һڹһ𱻷
ѩҲŮ˵ˣǸɵģֻϡ, ҪʲôȫȻúԼй, ź˵, С, һӲˡ
÷ǰһڣʲôʱˣɵӻ, ָˡ
ҹ, ˯ˣ£ʵǴСڽ˾ġ
Сʱ, ǼܳСŮ􅱵ǻ, ĸס̨֧, ȫұʮϵжն, ʮ±ţŮȫ˾
˾̫, 춼û, 㷢ֶҧԾˡ
Ҳ֪Լô, һڣ˵Ů˶ʮ, 磬ֻãȻⱲڻʲôأȥֻʣһѳޣվӵĸ׺ֳĽ㣬ҲŵĻϡ
ֱǰи˾
ϡ
ԷȻŵĸ磬ҲΨһֳĸүûзǣ£бͼɽ
ĸ˵λ֮
֮ӽùֱȥ꣬ţ빬̽Ϣ֪ԼúѹʵĻʺ񣬿ɼˣûõʲôӽϵĻᡣ
ôɲóأ
ȥᱻӵġ
˵Ҳ֣ôüòҳøʺƵ˻ϲҪƫƫҪǸŮˡ
ʵ̫Źˡ
ʵһֱﲻԾϴǸŮ˾ǲͬѰġȻ֮䣬ʲôԴӹһЩ£Сѩʱġ
ǵһأС뿪ʱѩҪҪ³Է⴮ԣСûԣȴ˵ҪȥԷ
˵գָĿڣ˵ˣҪȥҸʳԷ
Сÿ棬Ҫ԰ԼȹӣŲϸֻƽԶԶ˾ֹŮա
ѩԭգʲôƯɵǺǵʣ˭ģ㸸ãҸ׶ȹӣҺҴֻҡ
СЦ˵㡣
ֻǸ̵úõĹŮѣʲô˵أ
òᡭ޿߹ֽסȥǸŮˣСɣ÷ļһ̫ԴЩѣΡ
²Ҳ̫ˡ
ʺѾ˰
һЩСϢ˵Ļʺڣֻǻʺ¹ڣʵûʬ塣
~~~
ֻ뻳ˣ£𲻴Ӧ¡
֮ǰԼõģǽ֮󣬻ԴŸ뿪ǴΣϵϽ˱ɽ·Ҳߣ͵õȵ꿪ˡ
˲Ҫ£߾ߡ
ȫˡ
ǰһ뵽£ͳ˯žÿ˯š
ȴȻ˯ˣȻֱϵ˿Щۣѵõһþ߻̬Ȱڳˣûиˡ

ʺػһӣҪߣػһӣ̫ƽա
ȥ糯û޿߹Ķ
糯Щͬ಻ڣҴ֪˻һˣʱŹñʱȴѾժˣҲ֪ʲôлͣ߾ڲᡣ
糯􅱾ֱȥ鷿ӡ
硣
ͻƤһ
һյĹǰعСԶųˡ
Σع񣬲ŷԼ£ϻ˺ôһۣյѪôޣֱϵʹĿҪ˺ѿʹ

ֵز仹Ҫȥ𣿡ҲǣҲ̵Ůӡ
􅱷±ʣͷ˫Ŀ̾˿
˵¡
յл
~~~
̫ġ
Ҫ㣬ǰףҭҭһϣ۵˯ˡ
°ڻ첲һʶ࣬սǻݰͰͣڻﻹûһֻèֹأҽˣҲһȦտȥҲЩˡ
¿˯ú˵СΪ⺢ȡѪʱ龰
ʮָģ̫ҽ˵ָȡļѪҲԣֱӴӴĿȡ̫ˣȴÿδؿڣӲ͵ϣϸ̽ȥûϺãҪһΡ
ͣ
׸ˡ
׸Ϊҿַź̤ţŸ³̧ͷլŵң
ĸۡ
ĿͷȺֵ˽ӽһ£ǰס
Ů񻣬¶ֿȥƤϸ壬ˣƫƫȴֻһ廨ɫ£˵·ͨŵĴȴѵһİ׺Ƥӣ׺ֵ׹ñӣñӰ峤࣬۾ҲֻƼ°͡
⵹Ҳˣ߸ŵġŮ͡͡òȥū͵ģӦ˵ļҵүС㣬³ʱַ³
ͷԥһ£ǳ⽫˸ߣλʶĹأ
⾩£ϰݷùģûвʶġ
ŮӾ˭
ߵǰûʣȿˣҴү£ͨһ
ͷʣӣ
ҡҡͷ
ͷʣλϵķˣ
ԻһװӵСӵݸ˼Ƭ̣˵ٰϱᶮˡ
ΪĿˣɲʲôͶյġ
ûӣ΢΢һҾͲˣȥ棬ȴܱ֤үԸ㡣
ү˹ñȴκ
˺öҪŰݷã˱ŸСΪζأȻԤУүġ
ͷȥݡ
Ϸں˵˵㣬һˣƢ
үĹĵ˵ܣпղҸѼȡ
Ϸ˵һҸ϶
Ѿͷ̰ʣʲô£
ͷ͵Цͷ̫ү
ʣүǷԸ˲ڸʲô˼Ҹ˶ӣ
СĸҰɱӹضˡͷһһʮ˵ˣǸСĶŮˣΪǺԺǵH£üĸԶݲɣٰ
˼ȥʵڼǲǼٰǸ߶ڿݣҼҴҵʲôҲ˵Ҳ˸ߣүڷϷ˶岻ã˭ȥϻƨɰ
ԼùӲͷƤǰȥ̫ү˵ˡ
էһҲûӦüҪˣͻȻһϽýƵվ룬룬ȥ
䣬ָĿڣԹȥӭӡ


138 
˽Դһ, ǺˣȻͷ̫үȥӭӣ༱¶ûϣؿ첽ȥ
ϷȻ, Ƭ̣¼, ں, Ҫϣ, ··ûãҲܷ, ϶
ӹ紩, ˵Ͻ׼ʹ㡣
ϷҲ죬ֻʣ͵ǰȥ˭ҵŮ죿Ӵɡ
ȴҡͷУӴѶ͵鷿, Ȼ˶
Ϸޱ˾ְȥˣϷҲûɻ, ϼһȥӭһŮҲͰ, ȻҪ鷿ӴƵٳϵͬŹ¡
ռĴ
ļ, ˻ˣҴҸϵſ, һţȴû, һ¡
δſ, ſͣŵĸߵĳλԱȴڵӭΪԼģһѡ
ֻһջ, ûιȥſÿ··ǽǵŮˣӣ˴ˣڿߵǰ
̧ͷ΢΢ҡͷˣʲô
·ӽȥ鷿
½Ժ󣬷ժñӣ¶겻ˣ
ȴ뵱ûŮʵפû˳ģȴҲ֪һǻһΣҹǰ»йʱûйǸ˼ҵĺŮˣ뵽ա
עģ»Ск
ûдˡ
ϴιǸСк
ʱҲѾˣүүţֲڣ׵Ĳӣֱ
ȴ˵岻ãಡþվҲӽŰȥ𣿡
æصԣԣȻԡҲ
ڸ߸ߵϣҲ֪¡
ʣҼǵиǰɣҪϳ
ºһ䣬һݣûȥʹãʹá
µֻһ񣬵ơ
Ҵ˴ǸȴΪҵ˽˵۹Ұա
˵öá

Ȼ壬ΪоʲôһֱΪʺɱȫΪϲȢĵŮҪٶ룬ٶһ£ֻûʹΪǷЩϾͲɥҲںӡ
ʱ뵽Ծùֺ̫֮ܵܲ¡
һҾ϶ֻ֣Ҫڣϳа취ȥʺ󡣡
СӵݣҲ취һ˳ػع
µҲĹñ˻ͻȥϡ
˶֮ٲ˼򡣡
һ֮飬֮˵һЩ̽Ȱõͷ
˵ϼеӣ֪ΪΣǲϴӦǲǿȰһȰ
´𣺡⺢ĲãһزˣǸ⣿
˵ǿܽˣϾ˼ҶѺӴǰˣӣǸʲôǵأ
һȶʱĳٿɫ
̫Ȼɽ
Ҫڸϻعȥסһߣ
ЦЦҲãŴҵٻعȥ
ſڡ
ſ׵ļϣҲ˵үүټ
۰Ͱ͵ɰСкȶԴԼӡŮҪȰͰˣ
ȥǰססԺһֱš缸¾ͱˡ
ʱգڹƶ˰ɡ˰ѺȥٰµȴģŮƶﻳŸӣƾдţٰŮ˽Ůѧʣȫ⡣
뵽¾ȻЩĽǸ̫öԸˣرʵ۲ϣ԰ѡ
֪ԼΪҲˡ
ֻԺܼ͵𣿡
¾Լǵһˣǰ􅱣ȴҪŲ¡
պǳˣҲйôһγӡ
СԴ˵ܵġ˯ɡ
ȸ˯ˣŸͷķ
˯һŴʱɢͷҲڱﶼɢֻء
ʱ􅱴񣬵ʣҲ֪􅱶ǲһģǺǻ
ķ˰С󶼲ס˻ϣ»;ϡ
ȻΪ⣬ɴĵ׺ˣα۷
Ҫ􅱹̣ҲԸӹϵûͷ
Ҫٰ־ͺˣҲʹࡣ±۾ϣж̣ȥԾĵľ
~~~
ϡ
Ÿյɿʱ
һ۵һ·˹ſڣ־£ʾƣֱӱŽȥ
ջСͷμţϷ壺ʲôƣôһŽȥ
ϷǻϵƣԺˣʣŽȥˡ
峿¶ء
´С·ص޿߹ŷԼȹǶʪˣȴû􅱡
ѩ˸ɾȹ±߻ϲ𣿡
ѩû
ʣأ
ѩ𣺡С˯
룬ԼЦ£˵Ҳûѣŵȥ˯һѹͻῴˡ
»һ°ɫĽȹӣȻ޿߹뿪ѩҪϣظңһȥˡ
ûŮٹڣҲûɵķ٣ڹߣ·ĹˣΪŹ˵û˸ǰ
һ·ߵסйСԺ
ԺſţվһҹҲҪ
½Ժӡ
Ժе¹ãܰ硣
Ŷ롣
Ũصľζϵȫǿվ̳ӣˣסᵹڵϣŹӺ˯ﻹһ̳ӡ
¶ٸͷۣΧһȦ
һ􅱲Լ˽ݣΪ̫࣬۾ûͷǱ𣿡
ӣ̫ѿˣʲô
ƤסΪԼΡ
²˵
􅱲գ۾ӿֹסؿҡҡλεƵģסãԼ㡣
ƿ
􅱱ͺȵվȣƵһƨˤڵϣ޵øôҲұ
°ϻûһƽͷϣ緢ʲôƷ裿ϳ𣿡

ȥ࣬ϴдţѹñͻȥӦˡ


139 
ʱ
ѵ˿Դ멵, ƷһҲˣͷϣ􅱶һ, һЩ
ȻʶԼΡ
±ͻȻϻƵ˹, , Ʋס, һˤڵϡ
ʪˣֲǾƻᣬմŻĸɾȹ, Ū, ʵʣǴӦҵĻʺ𣿡
±㽽ڶˮǡ
ɵˡ
Ƕڵϣɵɵؿؿ, ͷƣȥֻĴƹ
·ĵ˵һûá
􅱻ع, ֱϲ
ΪǰһֱӾܾ, ͸һ仹һ, Ů̫ࡰҪáСͬһһûáֻ
ô㣿
ץסһ˿, 
􅱸˵ò֪Ǻãȴֲҵô, ˵, һҪߣǻǿջϲһ
ܺˡѾܺˡ
ȫ, ȻԸˡ
¿˵ɵƵģڵǱȴƲסɵ֣ȾÿЦ־ᣬ˵ļʲôζֻ⼸Ϊ׬ǮΪľرµʱٴƷһŵζһ˿⡣
Щġ
˵ǳ􅱣ǳԼ˵ǲǣѱˣ
ûӵס֣ܰѱˡ
£
􅱻žãֻ˵УҶķڷˡ⻰˵ȥҾ˵һ΢ӡ
ºֺЦ˵˵ȥ벻˵ȥҾͳǵҪ˵ö֮ˡҲǻƣֻҲ˵óڡ
һʱ޵ͣʪ½
˵ˣǿ㸸ʵϻҪҪ
􅱺ǲҪ˵ߵʱҹչһô㣬һҾͿˣʱҪһޣЩ֪ж᲻ᵯΪԼӿʲôģ
˭ӡűֻǾھߣһ̯Ӳöѡ˵ãվƲ
ҲϽվס֡
ƲһΣʲô
Ļŵ˵ˡҪֱϵʹǻԼΡ
µϴѣȥ
􅱡Ŷһԭشվһˣû߼Ǹض˵Ϊ²Żµ㵣ģҲ㣬ҵĴ㲻ùܣҲ취˼һġ
¿췳ˣߣͷ˵֪ˣȥɣϲϳˣ
˵̫ƣͷۣոǸ١
˵꣬£·ڵһ仰
ԻƬ̣ôˣ㿴Ҹʲôȥʲô°ҺԵ޹ʣѵ㻹ҪҸⲻɡ
ǣǡ􅱴żϲõ˵ֻǣʲô˵һ˵ѡ˵
ôһ˲䣬עţ¾Ȼ˼һ㣬ʼͷˣͷһʮǻҲûôɵɵ
~~~
²ǾҪ£ȷʵ岻ˡ
ɽ͢ʱߣ輱һʱ
A
һ˼λƷϵĴԱȥΧȥ֮ǰȥȥȻȥ⼸􅱲ڣÿһӣҲúһһΡ
Ѿ빬ټĻʹֻʣһԺӵŮˡ
ĴйʹʱˣֻǸ˵ȣȻҲҰʹҲ±췭ظ
ںͺһ˯ΰ֮䣬˻˵ѩСá
װûѣ˵ʲô
ùòҪ˵ôֻˡһ˵أôͰģһһ¡
ùþҪҲΪ㰡ȻҲˣСô죿
ϧСߣȻһˡ
СҪﲻ롣
ùúͻǺͺ𣿲Ȼ岻ڹסţȥУΪùð
˵Ҳ÷
ǰѡҪôʺҪô빬ߡ
Ҳǣڹöͷˡ
㿴㣬һŮӼôҰɹڡ
ʲôǰŹùȥһʲôצ۹˱ú̿ڡ
ѹߴؽͣ
ѩ㣬ҪôҴڹչһСȳȥùĴɽˮֵܸ˰ɡ
һǵϸйܵʱ֪Ҫҡ㡯ˣһΪƲء
У㿴ң⹬ﵱū澣ÿ¾üǮĵֵ乫ң֡
˸͵͵ƵģһЦ
Ȼá
Ҳ̲סЦǽúããиʱʶСöˣֻʣһ
͵Цһͣȴ˵
Цˡ˵ҪǹùʺĻǸô죿
ô죿衣ǹùõģⱲӾ׷ùˣùҪʺҪʲôҾʲôָҲܻ쵽һŮ⡣
ֻϣùùÿܾ֡ùùöԻǻмģȻҲ
􅱻
˿һ룬±е߷ߣҺˣƤҲˣװ¡
ʱõһѣȥ˳һģϼһĴҲ֪ͷǴѩǺԣǰ˵
˳ÿ»мһţԱϱһֱںδ
ƣҶڸɻֻĴ档
Ҳ֪ںδ棿
ʱ˳Ĵʵô˳
һլһ䴰Сһֻһزһ뱡һҪ׾ƶ
ûȫȫβ
˵ôһǰ˵
֮´ǰͿʼðͷȥƺҲйһѩֺ֮ϷǸգ˹ȥΪܡ
֪һĶ࣬Ҳ˱ЩһɢɳµӶɾΪ壬Բδ̽ɽˮĽŲ
ֱһǰ½ʶһСѣ˵ĳĳʲôʳ򣬶˵͸ȥˡ
ɽνбѻʯ
ȻһˣףǼűôˡ
˳ʶԼʧڣȻ˿
Ȼضȥˡ
ˣֶҲʼˣȴ˸ͷ
࣬˼ҪѵǰƯƯģ滭Ǻܿ֡
Ȼȥˡ
ʱ򿪵
󷽷ˡ
֮ϣǲ֪ʧ˶õֶһҲ˺ܶ࣬Żûᡣ
Ϲһֻۣ֣壬һѱҪǣ۾һüһȻ겻ӰС塣


140 
˳ԶݸһЦþò, þò
ǰ˵ȥ˱û뵽ϱֶȥ念
ƤЦⲻЦСҲǡǸܴܵТ˳
˵꣬˳վ˺ð, Ҳû˸ӹ
ӲһվŸ˵˳֪ܲǸʲô˼, ɱΪΪ, ͲӼĲ, ͷС
һֱǸƢ塣
ǷվСʱֶŵߵǸλϣҲһݴֶ͡, ȷʵ, λʱλãʮͳңߵܱƹ, ֱگΪͳ
óлʮꡣ
ҲⱨӦ, Ͷû, ɽҲֶѡ
˸׼ⷬ, ˳Ҫ̾ȤȤ, ׻Ⱳ, ܽú¡
ʮ, ڻʼѾǸˣȻԭԼ˵ܻһꡣ
ֶ, Ҵȥö
޷Ҫв˳ߵԺĻȫ¼ףסֽţ۾һһŵعڵϡ
۵ýʣֻ۾ؿЦһЦ壬һͷͲһݸˣұ˳Ͼȥˡ
˵
նȥǻʼҵĶɶһ䣬ѵҲǺõ˲жֻһ˲䣬ҽУһԴ͹ص˳ĽűߣѪĵϡ
棬Ļһһˡ
˳һ仰δ˵
棬۾ĬľġʲôأⱲӼɱ˻ɿڵġ
ɽʱᣬ߶˸ᡣ
ǸûʵۣҲв㣬Աϣһ·ǹ̩񰲡
~~~
Χ
􅱻۹ԣұ۵Ѿ裬ɻǲԻңˣʹ룬ۻ壬ϼͺˣԼ
AЩʮ꣬ҲˣϽ첲ˣ䲻ϸҲûԵúãҲ˿԰ڡԵΣЩ˶Ӣ䣬Ȼһ蹦̵£ˡ
ԽһʼֻȦİ¹£Ҳû˷ˡ
겻ͬǣ˱ҵλһμԡ
ԣЩʢǵǱо֮ģҪñ˿Ҳ乭Сڻǰ¶һû᣿
􅱲ݲݹһ£ȥԣԸȻȥˡ
ʱȻƼҵĴƵҲˣֻá
£˵ϴԿﵹи⡣
ЦЦⲻץԵģĽ֮󣬷ֻеӣﲻɱеҰ
޵լʺк֮¡
ȴ룬ڱҵͶ̥Ȳ䣬˵飬ѹֲ׵ĳ谮Ҳû֧
ӴֻһЩ˵ģƵıΧоǰõİɣ˼ȲҲ㣬ͷԣҲȤ
£úЦǸ⼸ӣˣûʲô˼ΧҲЩǻȴҰԵģֻ̫ΣգҪˣöСģȻ޲׵
̹׵صûҵܵܺãҾԲǵ£ҰԺСӣͽȥһ˻ʹ֮Уܼįɡ
ӦѩǾǸɳССֶʶһÿ˯˯˳ԣȻûͦ
ʱȥ˵仰ȴҲ룬ҪһһӾɵӵˣǲҲܹÿΪʲôһֱֺǺǵġ
ŮӶ˰ɡ
Ҫ֪УһҪˣǲظһ˿Ц
ǾŮӴϻ۸ãҪӣֲǳĲһ̵ӣ˼
ˣȥϢһȵʱٹ
􅱿ĸˣҲ룬ҪôֻѱСȥӡ
ÿһԣǺӸСȥ˹˹ģ˵ϲССè֮Ķİɡ
Լӣʱ
ĸӹؽʣأ
Сӻڴԣͺ˽Ͼ
ЦһǵܹܵǸ𼤽ģһȣͱǣűˡûӣƫֺǿһСӣʲôռȻҲФɺλãҲǵ䲻䡣
ʱҲˡ
ڴĹ˿һ꣬꿪Ǿ͸ع硣
ʱԽԽ
ڰʾɵܵܣԼ׼ҪȥʵȢۿŰԽԽ಻ס
ҲͰܵúƭڼеӣԷͥкЩãھǵ߻֮رǺ壬˵ôţСӲͬΪԼ಻
A֮ǰðȥ˻ȥ棬˵Щ¶Ҳƭģȷʵзȵʱڣһԣλʿ幫ӣԵͷȵҪʲô˵ҪȢһλʵ۱㵱ѹ
˰飬ɫоˣѣǰ硣
һʿ½½ػȴͷһ
Ҳˣʣ˺£
ʱС̫棺ǱҵСһֻܣϻء
􅱡ŶһȥȫΧ⡣
һֻܡ
룬粻ܻͬܵǺ˵ġ֪ɽܣΪİȫǰΧ˻Ὣ̫͵Ұ޸ϵɽȥвš
˶ԣѵõ֮ġ
Ŵ˽ľ􅱽˴ԱĿ֮豱ӰңϾ˼ҹ֮ͣҲû˵Ӯûô
ЩﶼȥëƤƣѪ⵱ʳǴҵ
ҵֳ磬Եʲô
𣺡Եһֻӡ
һûüЦ˵Ҵ͸ҲӦˡ
ɫһӱúܲÿ
ЦӢ£˵һģ޻һƥڱңȴǲȱҪʲôأ
ȴߵм䣬˶˸ҵİǣ£ҪȢŮΪޡ


141 
􅱵ؾƾ, Ҳң˵ŮͻСԶҪҧг, ΪżӣҲûѻ˵̫, ϣ֪֮, ֪Ѷˡ
ȴû˵, ǲԭϣ͵ŮҲԳޣԲų, ҪǽĻ, ȵٳҲǲԡ
룬ҺЩԣƢ, ọ́Ȼ޲ֱὣⲻ֪ôĶ롣޵ıŮФ𣿵ǼƥţܻϱǴĹ, ƽʱ᲻˵Ҫ, ϰŮƭߣҲ䲻䣡׸Ȣ, ҲӦ
􅱼ίʵҪҲ̫, ֱӷˣϯ
ʵ, ҲûǰǰСĽ, һܳĵйСӣ֮ݣ˦ɫ, Էɣ
ڴ֮ͥ·ҲûⶣҪյʱ䣬Ϣ㲻ֶߣ˾¡
ʿӷ׷⣬ǻǰӣÿͣȻ͸ҵűȻҪȢǵĴǻʺͳĵճǰйȥףҲǸʼ֧ˡ
һA֮󣬻ȥ˺ЩˣҲǰ˵ǰڼֻ֮ôĶ޴Ψһȱ̫˵ѵѵû
¶ֵͦ󣬼ʹڹУҲš
Ľ㻹û⿪ձСĥӣŮ߶׼¡ȫ£ȻֻС˲֪

ÿȥŮظ˵ĻȫǸģ˵ǴòǶɰǶʮӣ;
ʲôȾָŮ
ԺбĺӣҪôɹܲţһ˫ŮԻỤס􅱴á
ԺˣԳˣҲŮָףÿԼԸ
һȥŮһ֪ӣǸСûþûŮΪĿİôûʲôкͺкöҪͰˣȻӶҪ
ֵһȥAͻȻú˵࣬ˣ·ˣ˳ҿɲԲˡ
СԴͰ˵ȥ
С־ƿǻҲҺ׶Ÿɣһ϶ҲҰֻÿؼȥдĴֶˡ
ԣ߿ˣѹûغ˵ඣ
􅱷Сص˼˵֮ˡ⣬㲻ֵ˵簮Ů𣿡
µŮŮ˵úΪһ㣬㲻˵۰Ů𣿡
ĺӣĻᱻ赽ز룬תƻ˵һΪAʱܾһ£ܵ㼸νءί꼫ˡ
¼װģúЦʱȴҲûѴ·ϣ˵Ϊ׸ģʲôÿģҪǸҰŮˣҲҪ㡣
ļһȣһ졣
䷽˵Ů˵Ӧֻһ˵˵⣬ģֻԼؾصúáûôһͬġ
ҵĴ󱦱ҵСôأ˵ֱûţһԺòҪϻû빬۷􅱱ᵽ۵Ƶģ޿ײڡ
ʱɫһ裬齥ȴ˵䣬֪֪һȨƵСΪʲôȻҲȢ
һ΢΢üɫ£ȴ룬ѵҹйزɣǱʲôʣ治ԱߵΪѵõ􅱵һ裺ʲô£
һǴ˿¿꣬û׻ţŻ
̣ס۾ϵĳ嶯ûаѲֱõȥ
°һۣƤЦҿЦҪҺòã
û취˿ŵĻ˽¾ǸƤ˵ҴʲôҪҴ㣬ûŰ˵İáôģ㻹ҿЦǱûʲô°ɣ
ЦݣȻȻغ߾Σ˹ؽ˺ЩҪ¸􅱿˹ģҲ佫֧Ӷ㵡½ܴҲ㣬ʱսҲڳԽ
ͻȻ˵ɽڱ߳ǣǸý죬ԭ⼸ۿϿɺӹǲˣϿɺٹ۲һΣս£Ϳؾˡ
³Ц
􅱱˵䣬㲻˵ӣǵۺһ𣿡
޹صҿûôֻ࣬һ䣬һѡҺθɡ
ôҹҪģɱһƽ˷ѿࡣ
˵ա
􅱱㱻±ˡ
͸ߣĵһֻۣЦݣɵ̾
Ķãһϡ棬ÿغϰ죬⼸ЦߵģȻˡһҪãɲ֪Ȼϵϡ
ֹֻúͷˡ
ۼôһҪԻͷݵļЩȴû׵ܰ˺ʲôֵˡԼټӼѾʱ֤ʹǰǣԻԸĻʺ
һ룬㾫棬оԼһٱۡ
Ҳñ壬ʺܵһЩǰһһգֻûʵ۾¡һ£ͣ룬ˣ仹Żʺأ
񡭡ҲΣǸŮӣˣҲ᳤ɡҪסң϶ܹסϣôۣԣںͷá
􅱺¶ûѱǸóȢһ¶ϣ˵омֹŹ֣ҲȫȻ˵ȥֻӿԴһС󣬲Ϊ塣
붬ա
Ъ鷿ţ׼Ӿȥϳ
ŷӵţһ磬Ÿùӣ޿߹Ҳˣýȥźǳԣ߰⣬أ䶼ԡ
һ¶ǣҪ˵ڶ룬ȴ˴æ
˵Ϣ
һӳԲˡ
ǸȢıͻȻˣձ֡
Ǻ޲ֿȴھǣʱڻعζˡ
ԭ
룬ǸأˣϽץ˰ɡ


142 
֮, һ߽һݵ飬þ̳װ
糣ȥϳˡ
һ³ʱ, ˵Ѳӵټ, Ҳ֪ȥΡ􅱵ɫ, ǰȥ׷, ٰѼλټԲߡ
ʱѰѹ£ԭЩʧ֮ܳЦ, ͱŲ, и첻ţȴҲֻ֡ǼãҲδػ롣
˫, С
ҵĴûҵСӵİҲδ, һϢ, ˳䲻Ʊץ
߹С, ҵĻӺİӾʹ˳ȥ􅱲ţֻĵװȷ, ǴͷβˣûA, Ҳбĵ, Ȣʱ򣬶ԷԤϵһ̡˭ԣ˭֪谮Ů
һһ, Ҫǻ֪ǹģôʵˡǵŽĻʱڣһ
ĶԵøĶ̣􅱸оһ۱ȥˣѩȴȥҪСһѩ֡
ѩʱϢ洫뾩ǡ
ҥԱһ汾˵ڹӢǻȢϾܾ׵ĹԣΪ裬ֻײͷ֮ޣ˰ɱλӡڱΪҪǹҿս͢һҪҸжȥˡ
ǵİջ˵뾩Զ˵ĵط˭֪ϵŮ꼸꣬Ͻ꼸Ҳ֪
ʵҲں
˵ҥ©ٳƫƫǻţνҪǼȥ̣ǾԽˡڽѩ֮֡󣬲ôˣûлָ٣ҪˣӸôȥ
һȣҵˮ㡣
һδΣϱһ֧ѾȥĻֵţ˾طһگ˵λֶӣŻ췣ԹԵҪôԼλȻΪͳġʸ̳лλĸ磬ҪӾˡԼ˵ģ߻˳֧ߣ֤ϼпǴλͳ
ǵ߻ʵԶĵط͢Ʋסࡣ
ٹȥӵİջͶ֧ѾϾ൱нˣϵʤķᡣô죿һøΪ飬һߵ˽ʿȥԸȸ㡣
ϱů񱱱ߣǶҲ̡ܴ
ʱͷһ顣
ΪϿɺΪСӿебʹͷŭֻΪȢһŮӣôͻ⵽ɱ֮أĶҲΪ֮ĺƽȻѾˣΪףٻضӵԸҲֹһӣСûȢˣΪĶȢλ㿴ǾͰǵĹ͹ȥˣǵĹ͹ⲻ𣿲绥һλ޽Ѻøƽ
Цˣʱ˵ӦĻðԼİŮ͹ȥԼ߽ǣӦĻм䣬ûֱԣвء
ô
λụ̂ȥôۣ
􅱻δظһ·ȥ޿߹
ﵹһƬãԴһ㡣
һʻһŸݣһŵܵܣ嵽ǰ˵ҿԳȥҵĽܸý˰ɣǷŷݵĺӣ͵ܵһȥ
􅱵ǻҪ㣬ֻ˹ǵȾϲ˰ֵ¸ġϿɲֹһˣսȰͣϱڴ̣ݱҪѱҴܣֲƮƮһ仰͹ȥˣ˭ȥ˭ʿȡҪ꣬ҪǮ
ǹʱ򣬾ҪҲûһ˵ȻܵУֻûкùӳԡ
ǣСȥҺ㱻˳µ˳ǿϾٳ谮ŮҲֻǸŮԺҪˣΪҶԼʱˡ
ڳ˽ɹֱӱ􅱽˸ȥˣûü죬ǸֱԸ񣬷·𰮹ƵĽн¡
􅱳һ
ŮС;ʲôûˣΣҪסŮ
Ҳ쳳ˣǶֻŮҪڹĻ􅱱סһ˿Ų􅱣􅱳Ųס͵ȥܿࡣ
ԣҲ׼жŮļֱӰ°ߣܿƵ
˵ȷһԵۺһ˵¡
һͰѩţţ˵ܻһھŵ􅱣֮ǰû˵¶첻ɣڵ޷ҵҵ˵䡣
Ҳʣģ˹ȥѻȳ
ȴ˵ԶˮȽʣ˵͢ˣ̫ˡҲξ۪֮֮ôͷѰ˼λĺú취ȳҪ¡
ҲСãܳ£Ը⣬޻һݹְ
µǶֻΪԼһڴϢʱ
˵ʵпǹҪҪ£ûãȴʱ˴ùˡ
􅱶л
ҡҡͷ鸴ӵ˵Ϊ㣬Ϊ
􅱳Ц£ʣ뿪ǻɣ
ŵģȻϣǡм˵ԥ˵⻰ʱҲЩѹֻǲ۵
ļⱻһ£Ŷ仹ǲ
Ǵ֣ҲᱣסŮɡ
ϣǰһнã˵Ļʺˡַͷ
ӵЦǰӦãֲ㲻ԸҡҸĹˣûңЩ£үڿԵƵģҲ˳ۣζԸޡ
ԭ˵Ҫʺ㵱ֻ˵λɡ䡣
һԲ
ջֱ⹷ʵۣ⣬ǰЩӻʺ󣬷λˣأƫܷȻԵʺһ
һʱ֮䣬ŭԴ侲˼ʣ⻰ʲô˼
ȷǷ֮أ޵ĳ谮ô˵ж􅱵ǵ򲻵ѵʱ뿪ɡ
£Ҳֻˡ
һۣ¾÷·ĿסʮϣʶҪΪǺãΪΪӰź·ԼԸΪȡ
ҲĲΣȻ⡣Ҳǣôܿأ̫˽˴ˡ
һʱ֮䣬Ȼ޷ܣ룬ⲻҪãʲô


143 
», Ҳ֪ģȴ˵ǸϲǲԸ, Ҫҿ֡
ȴ˵ýջˣҲҪҲûϵ˵, ġ֮ǰǾûܻ, Ÿ֡ǺӶྫ, ҳҪ̽Ҫ١
ʱ򣬲ԡ
¶Լ˵ʲô, ˵ȥ, һ˵ĲҲδȫ
􅱵ҲʹҽȡһЩѪ, зѪӣ洢, Ҫǲд, ͹ȥ
ףǲҪһ˵, Ҳûʲô˵ˡұʹ뿪һʱ֮䣬Ŀֹڹ, ˵ⷬڶ˵ڶԼ˵
ס, ȴ˵², ûء
ѵûո־հɣܸо, ûǵζֻҸͬ飬뿪˾Ҫع¼ҹˡ
ΪʲôҪôϲأûǰ㰮ľŮߵزҵⲽأҪ뿪ʲôûš
ʵҲûķӣ޷ҪǮǮǮðԼϵ̯􅱿ΪʲôҪأ㾡Լз˵ϻʵۣȴǱٰ衣
˵ʵܵǡ
ûҪȥԡǰһУȻһʲô£жҲΪ􅱷ס
Ӧģֻ֪ǿҪСĴۡ
˭֪ǲ֮һĿ˵ٻ
˵ϷԣΪʵۿ˵Ļŵġ
Ĳ֮һĿܡ
~~~
ѩ˷Ըʼ͵͵ʰңҪйֵĲ¶иŮ٣һһ¶治١
ѩһʰЦ㻹˵ң⹬еŮ٣ô౦һֱҡһ䣬ϲǮĸˡ
ѩɲɻ͵
һѩʣ㡭Ҫù߰ﲻǻҲԻؼҰ
ѩû˵ؼҸʲôؼҵĻһڹŮ١ڹиɻǮʹá˼ңźĸֵܣ׸ɻ˼һҪ㡣
һϲŹùãҺô꣬ҲҪˡ
˾ĬOO@@һѩ˵˵ôôأ
ԭΪùҪʺˣȴͻȻ¡
ڹϣǲ̫ĿŵǼС˵
ùòǱ𣿡
ҸоùҲôˡ
ҸоԻϻ䵭
ǲ֪ʱÿŹùãҲȴһ˵ֻһʱ˶ͬʱ룬ùǲǵԡ
˵ЩʲôãǹùԼǶܷɵɡù˵ʲôˡ
ѩԣ̾ǡ
~~~
˳˼£һȦҲûһĳӡ
⼸ǷֻԼ˼׷мˡǰЩӣֶеֶ֪Ѿ􅱴ˣòûιȥ֪޳ܣȴû뵽ץˣҪαţƽ޹һڴ
˳£ĻɴֱӰһ˰ɣȴһҲ˵׼ʵڲУ취ӳȥȥ£ܴܲһȥʵҲĵط
ǸСѾͷôܸ࣬ûرһ°ɣ
ôã˿ŰࡣҵѧʵῪֻ书տ³ݣû·ͱȥˡ
ʱĳհҹ˯㣬ͻȻ˽Ǹûģһ
ٶһ·е죬˳ҿϳ׸
۾ЦĿ֣ⶼϳû׸
˳ᶼҪˣ룬¹Ȼǻкñġ
ǳ͢˹Ҫľһ£ûȻµˣ˳˵ߣߣϽߡ
һ͵ֱߣɽ꣬һ·˦׷ٵӱߣҹڵˡҵİֶǱסһĺúȽϵϤǽʿռƣ˼ˣǰ˳ͳˡ
ҹļ
ĵ賿˴ӣӦĴӣһ
˳ͷһμ¸ĴӣٿڵڹܣҺûı˼ȻҲܸ􅱳Եͷ
ʣ׸ǴȥģȻ㣬񾩳Ǳߵ
겻˼غ˺ҶôˣСʱˡܻв˾Ҫؾǡ
˳ȻʶмźҲãȰ˵ɻ̽ʣǺͺˣ
̫ãʲô֪
һŴֱӡƤ΢ڵС߽Ҫġ
˳ͬкⲻС𣿡
ɷƬ࣬˵˵ұ⼸£浽׷Щ¡
~~~
􅱴Ӳµ֣Ҳ޴֣ǸŮӣЩʿҲء
ԣյ˷ɸ봫ż˵Ѿ˳ȳˣʱգôʮң˳ܵǡ
ֱӰʹȥ鷿һ􅱾ͽŲæظ˻

Ƕ˯ȥ鷿̸
Ϊ˳˵ûҳ˽ģͶС㣬ü˵ĺûǳڹά˼ޱȨֻһģϣΪ
룬⻰䲻ߣ˵Ļ߷绹ҪˣȻ²˵ҲҪ壬Ҫһ졣
û􅱻ش²˵֪Ҳص
ȫӦֶлÿػҪһѲС
ҡҡͷҲǣûңҲܻа취ġ㿴⼸㲻ǻʵ۲Ҳò𣿱͸ǿӲһЩ
̧ⱲӣҸĻʵۡ
ˣѣҲǾѺˣѵõԼˡ
ʣҿȥ𣿡
룬ҡͷǲˡ
˵á
룬ʣϣܺͺһ˯𣿾һ
¾Ҳмֿͷá


144 
Ժͺ͸ʷִ˯, ڶԼռһŴʱ˯͵ܵһ˯дβ㲻Сİѵܵ´, ﻹǷֿ˯
ܻܵСܵһа»Ҫ˯, Цܵܡ, ˵㲻ҲҪŵ𣿡
СҲһµ˵Լ˯һŴ, Ǹ˵Һ¡
􅱵Ŷǵ޵Ĳˡ
ϸͻȻ˵Ҫǽһ˯Ȼ, ֵľٶȥ, ˻һ˵ĻԵɫҲͺܶࡣ
Ӧǿͺõļɡ
һԡϴ裬׵, ǸСӣҲƳһѩжعµ, ׳, ǾãǺ, ޹ֺѵԳ
ʵҲãǰԴһ, ֻкͰڻƢ, ʱҪѵ, ˼ҵһ
װԡﱧף, ҳԺҲܱǰ
ͷӵתʣʲôأ
ʣʺѶƯ㴩һÿ
룬ֲûǸСɵӣҡ룬Ů񣬵ΪţǼľǴѧġ
ôһ棬¾ŮԸ􅱣νǲ۸Ů
ֻϣһ£ԲһŮ׼컹һ
ϴ磬ŻңһȥͿʸܵһϴ衣
ûŵζһӣӣӻ˵ˡ
ί˵㣬ҵĽŽŲġ
һٻڴߣⴲѾ˸ʺ͵ܵܣռҪСˣʣұҪ˯ⰡҡҪô˯ɡ
ױȽ㡣
ѧһ˵Ҳһ˯
ĶҪˡ룬ô˭Ұ
Ҷ˵ˣǹҿˡ
ƢһЭԹ
ΣҲŽ˱
࣬棬򱻼м䣬Ҵñǡ
ʣɲԸҳ
вӣ͵͵سͯҥСʱǧٱ飬ϤˡӲ֪˯ˣüۼչһǵģ
ڴʱ˿ֻ̣һλףǻʵۡ
Ҳһˡ
һ˯ȻָʻûȥϳǰֻʾҪϴ׼顣
תͷҲˡ
ʵĳ۰ǸţԶá
գգ۾ĸѹϵ֣˵ʣһѣϳˡ
ѹû˯ãŨɱȴôҲ˯ţˣΪƣС˯ȥҲ֪˯ûһʱͱӸˡ
Сһﵹ
Ҳ֪ô˯ãΪ˯ûͦأȴǰͷ˯ҡ􅱼ģͲɵЦ˵ͷˣþûͷˡ
һͷռõĹŮʮأϡʸͷͷֻԺһЩʵʵ˵صˡ
􅱣
ֻȥϴţȺݣһԷһŸرɰ˫ٻܺã£쵽űˣ֪Ҫ½Ųװһװ浾˹ġ
һз·
극
һǣһȥ鷿
ԼԼЩԤУСɵƵģûʲôӦ
СҲϣС˵ʱͷӰôߴϣȫסˡ
һۣȿڣм£һֱ㣬ûܸ㡭
􅱴ͷβһһʮ̹׸ŮΣţһҲ֣ˣ֪⺢öʱͱȥˡ
ȥ£ֻһֱ˷顣
ԣߣߣһЩòã
Ÿ꣬Ϳʼصӣǰ˻ߵĿС֪ûأףʲôûôͷǡأ
˵
˹ȥǰӸŮᣬȴôƵġ
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ֻʹΨһĺѣֹ
סеɶԹֻ÷ڻ˵仰
գ÷￴ڹضûдݣʣں˵ʲô
ѩǳ˵ϣǵĹ֮䲻Ҫ̡
÷ڴ룬Ϊ޴Żᱻѡɡ
ѩ˵֪С𣿡
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ϧҲȥ̽ѩˣϣܺôС£ҲᲡÿġ
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ϻСҲһͻȻûãʹӹʧһ㣬̫ˣٹ˼죬Сֻءʧס޿߹ǸŮһ
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κϣƽĲ£ϲһȹӡ
􅱰͵ſڣ԰ŮԺɾͲǹ˲ôԡ
ͷ
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룬ʵ߻ͦģС뱲ӵӰԺҲҪȥ
􅱰žϲǧֻһ䡣
ںİĹ
¸һէһͦ׵ģʵ룬Ҫôһɣ繻ϿңҲǲһ취


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ȴ˵Ҳߡ
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һ£􅱿ȥϣ൱治۾ϵ˵ҵūͣʹýͷ֮ޡ
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ôһ˲䣬Ӧ
˵Ⱳģ䡣±ٴӦòã
±ĵ˵֪Ҳֻ˵˵ˡ
룬ҪǺǲڵĻڿ϶׵ˡϧˣԺҲײˡ
ڳſڱ̲顣
ŶӣûǡصҪôҾ͵ɡ
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˻ȥĻأ޲λϲˡ
װһ˾ǳţ룬ϸһʱ̣˹ٵĲ·³
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Գûˡޡǡҡ
µӦһ߰ɡ
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􅱲˵ֻۿˣ챻Ūˡ룬ȥ͵͵޵̫ôô򵥾ܱŪޣ
¿ķǵ˵Ůû㣬Ժ˼˶ˣͱϲˡ
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ǰҲͱһأǴʳԶʣǱ˴ʹࡣǴƣܿȴ˼֮˵ģ֪Ѿõý֣ȾҪˣξװɡ
ЩܷģƤֱܾʲôҪ
̧ޣָһ뿪ķ򣬶ߵʮ˵ȥһ̰ɣǵۿٻ档
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ʣҪһ̯Ӿʹ𣿡
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Ҳܲ˵ȥˣҰΣô죿һ룬ôʵۣʹһ𣿡
Ѱɣ􅱡
ȥˣںεأ
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Ҳ㣬治ˡ
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촽һ£ȴ۾ҰһƬĿİ׹нվĴߣʱûΪᡣ
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˵Ĵӵ߹ס֡
˻Ƶʣʱ˻ʺ󣿡
µʱԷġ㲻𣿡
Цϡ
꣩

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