صС˵www.27txt.com ȥС˵
½Դ磬ȨԭУԤ

ʦ𲻿סߣҷ
İ
Сͽǹʦܣվ
İʦӽдգСͽܵӽ±ʣ߷ǹ/ܿأҶӣĸҶ
Ĺܻ裬˹/ܿƵ
İһ֮˸ 
ԸǶҪչСͽܳ
һ£׺ܻ㣺İɣֵܣһúչģ㰲ȥɡ
Ȼ˵ĿӣһСͽܿ˵ҸΪ
ֻǶûûιˣչˣˣͻ壬СͽܾһԵĶǱĲЦ˵ʬ
һǸʱҲеģÿλСͽ̬ܵȶһ
ǶĴΪıСͽܳˣ
ȻСͽܳ죬Сͽܺһ̳ƣȻ֡Ҳܻ
򢿴ԣЦԼ˵Сͽܣ˼⣺СͽܣΪʲôӣ
Сͽܺڵˡ
ʬ嵽ܵӢʿ
ʦʱܰᡷ
ݱǩ ж   
ؼ֣ǣ룬  ǣܰ¹ͽҲʦղ߹  
һ仰飺ҵʦֻ
⣺ļֵ
==============


1 
ʱԼһֻСϡ
Щ㶵ĿŲƵգãȻԼΪʲô
һᰵĿ⽥ˣҹһȺӳӣӵ˶ɱˣʦƴ˳
ˣʦ
һΪ̫һʱЩͷΣʱҲ˲ôˣᰲܲ˵ְסСҪվʱһ˴СλεᰲӴȥ
Ųӿĺ棬ᰳһ亹ȻûеȥԱһֻֽ˻
ˣͷ𣬳ᰲŵתͷȥͶһ˫Цɫӡ
˫ӵ˺ᣬʮͷò㲻϶ÿ˹Ŀ㣬һֺĸо
ǺЦˣɫ䣬촽˲Ͳ԰׵ĺѪɫСøӲҰס
ô˼ᰶԼȴ˵ЦĪ˯ɵˣΪʦʶˣ
Цݣ׹ѣȷʵʦǣǡʦҹѾˡ
ҹ᰸ʦСӳʱʦ̫أѪһգֻ᰼仰ûϢ
ᰵڻǵʦԼһһýġɣʦˣǰԼ˵˭
ɵ˰ɣڷ㶵ʱ˹һȻͼԼ
Ҫң
ﾪֵĴУΪȵĿ־һ仰Ҳ˵ֻʶץԼǰһץ֮¾Ͳ˲Ծж
ᰵͷһͼ֮ץŵĲǴֲڵϣһԲε壬ϿѶ֡
ϵ壬ʦһֱŵĶӲĺܣǰغúš
һ³᰸ȷһжΡ
ʦˡ
ʱ˵˳ᰵĶͷϣַֻǳ䣬ᰲһ顣
ộǷ𣿡˵
Сת鿴ߵˣֻüë΢壬Щա
Ųδϸϸ֮³᰸ľֻϥϺѪɫֱһˡ
Ҵʱǰſ˻ģ˵Ļ䣬Ҳ䣬ûһ˿¶ȡϸûС
ᰲɴ˸ˣȷʵʦģռʦȴһˡ
᰺Ȼ뵽ǰ仰ӲһҵԺͻأĸֳĸѪĴ֡а
ֻռʦĹҪʲô
*
𣿡˼ᰶԽ㽫ȾѪ·ϣ䣬һ̡
·ȫѪˮ͸ˣʪ䣬Ͼһһ仰Ҳ˵
ȷʵڷΪգΪ¡ȵĺ¡þȫſסԼҪڵļС
϶˵аԲб߱ɱϲľǺͯѪ⣬ôֻռʦǲΪˡ
ᰴ˸Сֲɽڲϵ߬ˡʦԸúûȥ
ԺкȻҹʦǰĻᰶ顭壬ȥͶţǻᡭչ㡭
ԣţ
ʦ˵йˣֻҪȥͻôţһ㡣
Ȼ֪ʲôطʲôģ֪ټеطȥ˿ܸˡ
ϣ󣬳ĵ׵ľҲɢһЩʹԼ侲СشǹĻʦ,û£˯һͺˡ
˵⻰ʱ۽ǴŵģԱ޷̽ʵУֻĻŲײĲ
ʱգϷִ󣬱ֻ»Բġ
Ѱ˼ֻʱڲɱԼôҲҪװʲôûֵӡֻ룬ɾ֮ԼѰܡ
̧ͷһɫֹסķ
û뵽Ȼ˯һ죬Ÿպûã̫кüʱ
ᰲȷʦﵽǲǹаǲ̫ġ
Ҫ
ڴǼᵽŨѪζֻռʦĹץŹϵȾѪסѹںĿ
ڳᰵļУʦûѩмˡ
Ȼʦô˵æԼ飬ȻʮָмʦΨһˡ
ڣʦˣһ֪ʲôĶռȥʹԼΪһţҵ
֪ΪջʲôԵʣᰵʶܿģģ˯˹ȥ
Ǹվôҿµ£˯úܲȡ˯СŵģлʱķʹĴϢ
ڰУڴͷֳ°Ϳ˳ãһָ˳ᰵĶͷϡ
ɫĹâ˳˵ָûڣĳϵĸˣʹıҲˡ
*
˯ûģʶʼӵڶߣ˵죬һ
ΧģҲȫȻĺڰйߴӷ϶͸᰿ԿзϸС
ʲôط
ڳ᰷㶵ʱһĿӿһɴʪζĺ硣
ӿĻһЦϣͽܣˣ
һȫĺëеתͷȥͼռʦǸվűߣԼЦ
ʦӲЦʹĵʱҲֻ΢һ촽ͷ˿ﶼʢ˿Ц⡣
˰ɣǹ·ûпٴеģԹԵ˽̧˸ȥΣġ
᰻ҵҪܿǹӵĺ׼ǶһӾ䵽Ļ
৵һ£ȫ亹ˣԼǸͷµĶֱþòҶ񱻶һ
ǹֵĿ˳һۣ𣿡
Ҫչƣæ˵û£ңû¡
˵ʱᰴĿ⣬ŷԼǸͷ˿
ͷǺʣӲģ᰿һۣȻһӡ
ᰣ
лҪ˵룺ʲôôӲ˱ѽˣȥιСͽܰɡ

ҵԤġʦֽûҩղ
1.̵İ:
Ǽֻһ˼̸𣿶ԣûǡ
Ϧֻ׷
ΣӢ𣬷硣װģһ𣬳Բ˿ϲ˵׬~
Ϧǣ㲻ǵظͨ.Ҫ.


ΪϱԸ֯İ
Ϧ:
亹áõģǺǣתС죬طˣȥˡ
.ɧطţ*ѧܣϦ
2.ŵʦ֡İ:
ΪŵĴӣ ǲţƾһ֮ħ˽Ĵ󹦳
ֻǴһսأǿŻصɺͻ˹ȥ
º۾Ǵϲ
ΪץסСʦ֣ܵ˵˼ĵ£˸
Ϊ˲̼棬Ĳأһͬ⣬Сʦչ
ԱȣСʦޱض˳һҩ:ʦֹԣȰҩˡ
ʾ:ûΪʲôҪҩ
ɽ乥*Ӳ
רͿ^O^


2 
ٳδߺȻϤϤ̧ͷȥͼֻڽѰ˸ط
˵˵ɡֻڽģûͷƵġ
ᰲɷ߷Ӳͷ˵ʦһһܶţֻûнĹһ
ǴùĻĺȥǸʦϳ
ǳᰵ̫ңǹתͷţʲô
һָһӿһͷƤСʦʲôط
ڴϡ
ᰵȻ֪ڴϣĶֻ⻹һҴ󴬡
һ£ʣҪȥĶ
ȥĶһû˽ʲôĵط𣿡ǹ°ͳһʳᰣȥĵطΪʦȥ
Ļȫڶеĳᰣ
ǿЦһ£һֱ壬û뿪Ҳ֪ȥ
ǹ¶Եʧı飬˺һŵҿҪɣǾ͸⴬ߣʲôطͣǾȥʲôط
áᰲ֪ʲôصͷ
⼸˶˵ˡᰵȻƬ̺ǹ˶ᰵĲɤɳȥ
ǹδֻǵһƣһɴĿзܻĵӣǳʹûгʡ
η壬Ҳܷϣ߳ĺܶĪһְĵ
᰽ŵ滺һЩȻҷɣǹıӰͼǹ˸к߳ͣˣһ̾
ʹֻɵıӰҲܸоʮֺá
ᰵܲá
ʱĵתͷֻɵֻΪĹڳڱҪͷ޶ͺ˵ʱš
᰼˲ƿӴӴϵһҲֻһ˹ȥŵʱΪ̫нŲһ£ײϡ
վһ׳ۣͭеס
ŻеûͰŴˣôˡ
׳ͷųᰣȻһЦСˣ̫ˡ
վѾˣôһЦֲҪ˵һֻ֡
ԼĴ֣ᰴ󾪣͵һȻײһ˵Ļ
תͷͼһƬɫ°ڳǰһȻ㡣ǲǳϤζ
һ뵽ʦ屻֪ʲôռˣĵͬʱ־ʮֿ־壬ʶ˻ӿ
ֻǲͼһ˫޳ְļϣʺЦͷ𣺡Ǹ˾ţֵܲҪ⡣
׳ˬһЦûû£ϵܣʪأ˰һȰɣůůӡ
׳ƺΪֵܣһҲ˲ϺˡʦһϪ֡ռʦ壬ݡ
᰺޵۾ҪðѪˣʲôˣɿʼԹԼ
ǹܿ׳˵ˣ׳뿪󣬳ȲظȥֻǸ̤䣬ͱס쾾˻ȥ
ŷǰ¹ϣɫ䣬ֵҪУȴǹˡ
ͻȻǹӴ߷һݸᰣϵ·ûϽˣóȥԷȥ㡣
ſֹأ᰿·Ťͷյķţǲ֮ɫ
ʲô
**
ãŷָոսǳԷǴϵĸˡ
ǹ׳Ĵк
Ĵ˿ܴⷹò͵ȴ࣬ǻûԵʡᰶ׳ʢ
̰ɫϴɫСе׺ʵǺˣɳᰲûʳһûһµĽһһСڣҲʲôζ
ڳᰵأߵĹȴáǹһߺһߺ׳죬վǢ
ĲɣҲǵ̸֪һЩϢ
һ̴ݳҪںƯ£ȥݡ
׳ȻʵֵܣҪʲôطȥ
ᰵĶһӾ֧ˣǹ˵ȥݡ
żûʲôݡݣֻȥš֪ĶҲߵĹ֪˼ᰰԾţһСһˡ
Ǳ׳Ѿֻѯ¿ʼݵķ飬ǹ۾漫ˡ
ѣ洫һ֮׳ƿõĵ壬еʲôˣ
˻صϷһֻľͰſŸˡ
һü룬᲻ǡˣ
ľͰϵǸ˱ʱѾˡװϣ˿űʬ壬ɫ֡
˵״̫ң˺ѵ½ڲסĵѪۣա֫ȲλǱʲôʳһƬѪģ
Ҳ˳װʬ״ʱ̲סʶˣ˵״
˶ġ
ļǵãʱһȺҹϮ˴ӣʦӳʱۿȺʬϿҧ
ᰲ룬ɱ˵ģϮǴӵģͬһˡ
ĿǾѪģʬϣ룬ǶôɥĲˣܸɳô̵¡
Ȼһָֻ˳ᰵ۾ϣסʬĿ⡣
ᰶһ£֪վŵ˭
ûǹٶжĵһëȵ뷨
룬ռʦֻ᲻ϮǴӵȺйأ
뷨׹ѣԼʲô
**
סᰵ۾װѪģʬ壬ԼĿȴһֱʬϣüͷ΢
˽еħһħɵģ
ħڣ˵͸оеСһ£ְĳᰵıİ£Сļ米ʯͷ
ĵЦһС˲󣬵ͦ
ԣħȺ˿϶
ɨһۼװϵʬ壬Ѿ˴𰸣˵ħͨ˽Ļ֮·ѱ⣬ħ֮ǴӺδ˽ģ
վںͷֵ׳ǰɫأҲ֪ô£ħǧûںϳˣɽǾĪĳںϣҲ֪˶ˡ˵ҲмӶˣҲ취ЩħӰȥ٣ʵڲöԸ
᰽ǵĶԻһħ壬ħţ֮ʲôû˵
Ľ⼸ʼʱֻܿˡ
**
ħԵʣϵպѹ֣ͺ˶æԼȥˡ
׳Զ˵ģϰͿǵһ㣬˻ͣµġ
ͷ׳ֵˣֵܣղʣô䵽ϵģˣ
˼һ治֪ʦͽʲôΣգ˵ǲˡ
תͷԵĳᰣСһ϶֪˭ڳ᰿һ۰в
ᰱ㽫ԴһСңҲˡ
׳


3 
ص󣬶Ѱ˸
վԵ˵ȣûҪԼ˼СŲȥ
ڴϣｹĲУʮ׳ᵽħʲôţ֮еҪ֪Щʲô
ʦʶ֣ɴδ˵Щ
żмУ᰸ʦϼС̯߷ЩҳƾɵСда񣬺֣ûᵽţħ֮
šü˼ԺвȻһ¡ǻǰӴ˿һڴ󺣵Ĵ˵
˵ǧǰкܶຣǻϮ洬ṥӣ˽ǳ˺һ̫ƽ

ĥţ᲻˵ħǡ
ᰵֱ˵ŵˣԼɲȣռʦĶ
ôţСתͷһ۱ԼϵĶ룬һʹԼôʦ
ûлӦ
Ȼûû
ĺɵشӴƵһԣͼһֳֻŶͷ˫գ˯ˡ
ᰴŵڶǰ˻֣СʦûеõӦ᰽ŵ˿ĭĿڶ뱳ϣһһűŲȥ
һᰵŰ֣ûüɿһΣҳץסŰֲûˤڵء
ҿ˿ĵˣ
ң͵һΣұһθ
еط᰻ˤڵأ˫ֿסŰ֣ɫ԰ֽ⣬ôĶǹ϶Ҫˡ
תͷȻͼԭϵûӰҿ˿ҲûǹӰ
оɲһͷͼϪ棬һ
ʦᰴ󾪣˵һ֣͸еһɴϮһ㣬ű߻ȥݺײϡ
ʹһͷǵٴλζˤ˻ȥ
ںܶණڵأϵˮڵϣžһ졣ֻסԴҼͼϪάŷŵ
ôĶûѡ
ûѡ
ᰶϪʬ壬ֱ룺ǹ᲻Ѿ뿪ˣ
ֽŲõϪʬԣҡҡ壬ʦʦ
ûлӦ
ȷǹ뿪ˣǸѹ
סϪ֣ûü˵ʲôװϴһĺħħ
죬ȥ֪ͨɾ

װҳһţŲʱĲҽ̲ס˶Ϫߣͷۼ䣬رסԼ
һᰴֱۼ̧ͷŤͷϪһۣ¶ĳ־İվȥҪȥӣʦģǲħ
˷䣬ﾲĵģȼʱ죬û
ᰰռһ·װȥߵĲ죬ÿһȵļᡣԽӽװ壬Խš
ڳᰳ˴գŷɫʮֻ谵
˵նƣ⣬ɴʱ磬ʱɫȴҹȻ
̧ͷһۣͼƷ󣬷ʪĺζŨѪζ
һжӱϮһɫɷסͷѰħӰȴֻװϺżߴԱʬ塣
֮⣬᰻̴Ա߶һ޴ķǴͨڣ
ʱ׷Ŵĵô ԭħĴײˡ
ϴ׳׳ӣŲȥȻһֻסᰵͣϵһԡ
ĵ״󾪣ʱһѹļ͵ڶߵ꣬Сӣҡ¡
ϳŵ׳
׳ųᰲڽôһˣʦأҡҡͷһ׳ϵ֡
׳֣㲻úôڷʲôȥ˵ű򴬲Ųȥ
ǡڴʱӰԾϸ߿գһ
һźڼףϴŰߣ᰿ˣ۾һӵɴˡ
ڼף棬ǣ
ϮĴӣʦľħ
ǳᰳ޵Ŀ̫ңħֺĿ׼ȷޱȵɨ˹ҳ죬¶һѪЦݡ
׳ͽһ⣡
׳ȾܣһӱϮ׳ų˵ڵءųһ׳ˤģһذס
ᰱˤͷۻ̧ͷʱͼӰӸ߿׹䣬ݺڼװϡ
Ǽ˵Ŵ׳ʹ˶ͬᰲ²Ǿ̴ϰˡ
Ȼ׳һ˺ɾû°ɣ
źڼףŹħڼװϣֹ׳̬ɢǰȺħ졣
ֻ˦ȥϵѪˮżװǱˣһɾǣһ
ɾɫ࣬ڵӵĲվȴħΧסе
һħյߣֺõЦϴ󣬽⴬˶֮࣬Ҳʮֵпڸˡ
˵һ֣ͼħѹżʮ˹
ЩеǴԱеǸ׳һͬͻĻơ˵ףЩ˶ΪͬһϰЧǡһˡ
Щ˼ŵӱܣħ˵һŵɫɷסеһεǴ˻Ļƣصڵأ
ħ˿ڿˮֵϴЩˣǡ
һƣյǰħƿȾѪĳһӣֱָᰡ
СӣӷſʼڵҡôǶʲô𣿡
ڼװϣͷǰˣŴһﲻ˫۾ȴʢ˺⡣
Ĵӣɱʦ
ĳˣ
˱ĿУץס˵ȱߵذףӵʣֱۣʶ׼ǰˡ
˼Цһǿţ˽СҪҶء
ħѺһԵ׳еСӣ侲㣬Ҫŭ
תͷһۣͼ׳ڵˣǵɫ¶Ⱦ֡ɫ
һ£ܿƿĿ⡣Ҳ֣ĳǺµģûС
ֻǼȵĺʹ˵
֮᰾վ ۵СһѶ̵Цذףֱָǰߴˡֱ΢΢ţĿȴʮּᶨ
ᰵϼЦɢȥܵطŭðСӣڳ۾Ȼȡ
˵žĳһԵ˲ȥĲ״۾ͷתˡ
׳еСӣܣܰ
վԭûǿصǰˡ
Ũҵɱͷ£ȴͣڰգٳδ䡣
ǼᵽһȻ㣬ᰴ̧ͷͼϪͼֻ֪ʱԡ
**
һִֻڳ᰼ͷһֻסĵɫʮɣڵһѶгһɡ̬ʡ
˰ˣҲûܽ
ŵһۣͷ¶һĨõЦݣ˵ͽΪʦո˯һˡǲ˼


4 
˵ָڵһֹᵶվΡ
㣡ˣװϵ˶ˡ
ɫէէףָŶŭСӣʲôˣ
׳һԵǵĽеϵܣСİ
ƫͷ׳Цһ£İɣСɫ˶٣żһ
СӣЦһֻôĶ֪
뵭ƳһۣĿһɨ ذȥݽΪʦһá
ᰣ
ˣ
ˣ
׳˿ħĳֿСذףеǸϵܡ
ţ뿴׳ǣ㰲ЦֵԵһȣϾǳ
Ŷӣ׳ɫӣֹɺڣΪʲôǰذħĳǰһСߡ
벢֪׳ӵ飬ذ£ͷСȻĳᰵļ磬ͽһԵΪʦܿͺá
ңΪȥǵͷԹԵ˵һԡ
˼ֱҪЦˣ˵˼ãҽ㡣
һ¾磬õЦþû˶ˣϣ㲻Ҫñʧ˵ͼᵶһ
ɻƫƫͷ۵ǲ⣬ͼһ죬¶һЦݣȥɣ
ֵܣ׳ֵشһ棬ˣ
̧ͷȻͼħڿУǷֱռ˶ϱĸλΧм䡣
ħдʣͼһڿгͣһͬʱ£ɺɫķŶ붵ͷ¡
ɾеСģǵķȺŵӾǰħķϡ
̲ס߬ȭͷĿһգգڶϡ룬ֻΪĹ
ˣϵǲǶ
᰷ԼʱʮָӣһϣֻܳռʦĹһϣӮ
ڳᰰԾʱǷֻ֮ʣһ۵ľ룬һĻڵˣĶᵽɤۡ
ȴһץɺɫķ󾹱ץСݷħ󷨷ɣǺһѪӿˤ˼װϡ
ĿɿڴȺб
ӮˣɾӮˣ
ǣǰĿ־һɨգһʱȺ鼤
ɨһڼװϵˣȴһ䣬̫תͷԶֵˣ㡣
˵ָһţץɺ취˶ͷȥ
˴󾪣ȾܣЦһ׷ϣ˲С
˶öеذڶгʱʤ㣬ʱȴħĺ޻֮
һǰʮֲõ˵ôҲڱǰŪ
ǺһѪҶ׹档
ŤͷһƷʣһֳ·һץ˵ĳͱ
ŵһӣ̼䲦Ƽգõ
ǰ߼ͷڿУ۷ɵˣ۵Ǿȡ˲⣬ǹ
**
׹뺣֮ǰ뽫
ܣħ̴صԼĴϡŵƨ̴һ˶ûҴߡ
뽫ֶڼװϣ֣ͽΪʦûˡ
վԭûŴˡϵı飬ֻǴпжϳЦġ
ɻ˵ʲôݣôǿΪҪʦΪζԼôã
벻ף֪ǰ˾Ϫʦֻһͨˣûзݵصı¡
ᰲ˹ֻǻû˵ʲôͼ׳˸߲ҵ߹ϵܣǶлˡǵĴš
Ц֮Ͷѡذ׵ݸᰣ
ûӣذײҵģġͽذ׻׳
׳ذ״룬ֿɫĳᰣһЦ˵СôħҲ治ɫԭŵӡֵܣɾ۹ⲻͽպسɴ
뿴ᰣ۵һĨ֮ɫ촽һЦȻ
ᰣŵӣҲʦ
**
һɾڵӵĲ˹Զˮ̣ѳҼˣЩһ˵ʵڲ
ֵ֪ѳԺźɣպҶŰл
ᰶ䶯˶ˮţʦ˵ǲˮһüչЦ֮Ͷѣɾ˿
̻˵ʲôһ˴Ҵ˹׳е£ˣ˸ӣڽˮˣ⴬ϾҪˡ
ʲô׳Ҳɫ͵һ䣬ô
˿ɥǸոոħĴײײˡ£ôѽ
µ޲𣿡
ҡͷߴٵ£취ٹһҪˡ
šüڼװת˼Ȧųߡ˶챣סˣȲ˰ɡȻȥҸϰ
˵
ߵĶܿ˺ܶ˵ע⣬һʱĻ̻̣һ𣬡Ҵˡ
ĲУһʱ˻˸Źңɷŭתͷ˵ǶʱæѽҪѿڵŭ˻ȥ
¿ЦһɾдԻ
ᰵеġᣬڳȫˡһʱ˵Ŀⶼ䵽˳ϡ
µСɾĪҪѰģﻹдš
ѽôˣ
򴽣̧ͷ˶һۣͼҲԼ۵׺ЦȴûҪڵ˼
ջĿ⣬һָ
˳ųᰵֿȥͼָѾʻԶ˵ħĴ
ˣ
͵ؿ˳һۣЦΣǴвУ
˿ĭУѾߵôԶ
оͺãͰѴ
ˣ
˵ֻһԾֱ׷ħĴȥƬ̺˹ȻͼħĴͷˡ
ٴΣ
**
ָ˽̴ϵĻᵽħϡ
벻֪ʲôطѰһֻΣڼװɹ̫лһͬȣҡҡġ
᰿ڶԱߣͷ˵һƵغһС˵⡣
ᰣԽԽŪһﵽʲôˡ
ϵħȫˣѹħͷ˴ڳϵĶʱ۾һ˹
򵥵ĺѹ̵˴ѵĸסǵͷ졣ϣܹʳ֮ͨǱ˽ġ
Ⱥħ˾ɾ׼δЩħ
̵Ѻ͵ڣʹ󣬸̬жҪҪϱ޵ʹ
̫ףֻһ㣺ǻõʲôͷ𣿡
ݡɽɷǧһʮħһܻ񣬲Уɾ͵ش
Ƶɾֻͷ죬ħɱ˾ǣˡ
˶ֵҿҲô鷳͵ڣôͷһûжٱ£֪¶ҲࡣֱӰͷʡ


5 
Ϊѵ⡭
룺ţ
̵ѣŵĹأץסħְλСߵͣҪڹ˲˽ʡ
ɻʲôأΪû˵
̽͵ħǧû˽ϳֹˣȴƵƵħ˽˽粻ðΪ˲ħǱ˽ģھأϣܴӱħõϢҲΪ˱ⲻʵϢ𲻱ҪĿֻš
һ˳˼Ƭ̺ʣˣڵ˻֪𣿡
ҡͷȻᡣ
Цһǲ͵ˡ㲻˵Ҳ˵Զ֪ġӳǱĶˣ𡣡
ʶʲôæ׷ȥѣ򲻿ɡ
кβɣ㷽Ų˵ǲ֪
ǲ̵֪ɹؾǹأ㲻ڵˣͲǡڶǰûȨôǶ˽̡
ЦģҲִǡ
̣ҲС
ĵȰѣ㻹֪ԣˣ֪Ҫܷġ
Ц˭ҷתͷȻƳһԵĳᰡ
Ҳڿ룬˵Ŀ⧲ײһ𣬶ͷһ壬ͿһţĲ󣿡
̼ᶨͷ৵ؽȺ£ģƬ̺Ǻðɡ˿
᰻ӻ֣ͽطϢˡ
Ӧһ˹ȥ
ħĴԭ̴Ķ࣬Ҳ
˵ϢʵûУڷ﷭öС۾ˡһĲֺųһ
ԴӼʶ󣬳ᰶη壬һãԼŪԭȵͷҲˣֻ˼һ𶼲˵Ķ֡
ſڴϣ۾װ˯һ㶼һ
Ǳѵģ͵ŷԼ֪ʱ˯ˡ
򿪷ţȻ¡
СɾЦԷˡ￴һۣʦأ
ҲͷһۣͼĵذɢŸָСΨ˵Ӱ
ᰵʦ³ȥˡ
Ц鷳Сɾһʦȥ֪ͨɾǡ
ᰲ鲻ԸһѰ˵Ĳ£˼װ壬ȴǳûˡ
ԭطһȻ뵽ȥħŲһתѺħĵطȥ
һĲңжξ룬ߵĽܹᵽŨѪζɧζ
סӣСһšǵϴʱϡ˵طħרѺʡħ˵ʳС
һ뵽Ⱥħʳ˵Ѫ⣬ĵ׾̲סһŻҿ˿ûƿ˽ȥ
ȼ𣬲ڣ᰿ǰŵӣֻĵһʡ߬ȭͷһСĵǰһ
һ̨׵ʱ򣬳᰸оʲô壬㵵ͣ½Ųָ֣̽оֳˡƴ͸ˮ棬ĸо
ᰶһЩ֪ʶĻͻ֪ǰĶн磬ˣ̤С
ڴһҽУǸͷ˵
һպսʤ־壬Сȥ
תһսǣռ࣬ӳǼһɪɪħָֻͣѪֱ
ǲԶһ˷ڵأʹءšϵã˾Ⱥħͷ졣
Ǹ˶⣬վһĨ޳ӰǶ롣
᰻ûҪǰһУͼתĿ׼ȷϡ
½ǣʹԼȻЩʦ㣬Գˡ
áЦŵ
ڶʱ򣬳᰾תҲƵ˵ʦǿ߰ɣǵȼˡ
ڽǰ᰼ӿŲȴ˻ȥ
ʦ᰺󾱺ëֱǿ򶨵У𣿡
յǰأ۵׺ڴͽͲΪʦΪʲô𣿡
䲻󣬵ɵӣһ⻰ɫһĵĪɱڣ
ţһֱԼǲ˵ӱǻ﷢һʵĵ
ûҪֵ˼ᰱ˵ʦ㲻ǴӦɾȺħħ𣿡
ŶΪʦƭġ
ᰣ
룺ʲô𣿡
뵽ڼװ˵Ļҡҡͷ
һЦҵͽͷһۣʣٲ²£ΪʦŶʲô
뵽ЩָѪ˿ĭС˵ǵġ
ȺħֻǾɾ֪ˣ˵鷳ͲˡϾôǿ
ôţҲͰѻ˵ˡ
İɣʹ˸СӣǵݣɾֵᷢġֻЩǲˡ˵ЦһҲԲˡ
һֻĵ׳һڶ
СϪ峤󣬴ʵӣطϪҲһֱҪǷǵĺˡ
ƽշʲô£ᱨٸ
ȺħٸܲˣŹܣᰲûԼֱĴ㡣
ȻʱǰڼװϼȺħʱƴƣֻһʱȣ侲֪ԼǶɱȺħǶ˽̣ǲӦõġ
⣬Ҳɾ鷳
**
ڶ緹ʱ򣬳£̺ʹ飬˵Ҫǰһǵĵطͣ
һΪ˲ɹҪϵħתǵڷֲ
ӵ͵һ٣⿴һԵĶ룬˼ʱ϶кܶ´ܸܲŻ´
ڳ˼ʱֻ¶ԶɾһֱڴҲ˰ɣȵǣǿ´߶߶Ǳߵķ飬ϲĶ
۾һ
Цŵ֮ǰС
áתͷᰣͽһΪʦȥǺúùһ䡣
ᰣ
**
ܿ쵽ۡ
¸߰Űߵ־ѴӳԳᰵͽҲȥɡ
ץųΣʦԼȥɣ
ôСһࣺڴϣΪʦôչ㣿
Խתķɿ죬ҪҸڣȻڿˣԭ½
ЦСɾ ǵתתȥʲôҪĶ𣿡
ᰵûʲôҪ壬Ҳȥ
Ц·ǸҼС׼ģҿ㴩ŲЩߣһȥ
һԵͷǰ·Ҫ
ᰣ


6 
ʹ㲻Ը᰻Ǳ˴
±ųᰣЦźԵĶ˵ɾСͽܽ𣿡
󣿡°ͣᰡ
Ȼ֪˲壬ҽˡ
̶̵ʱѾˣ˴Ķ˵棬̬ӦԽ¡
ꣿԳһᰵĸ첲üСɾҪúóԷǼСӽ꣬׳ʵĺܡ
ᰣ壬ҾٶҲֵġ
£ôᣬ⼸쿴㶼ûúóԷǴϵķ˲Ͽζ
͵͵Ƴ˶һۣĵǲϿζûθڡ
˴һξ¾ͱˡ
½᰷£ԶɾǹţǱе¡ǰصС
Цŵͷá
**
ȷʵԵֵ֣԰˻̯֯
ĵ£СӣôһôĵطɿĴˣЩʱҲ׿ˡ
һߣһתͷǸû·Сײһ˵ϣűӣԲҡ
ͽ˶ࡣͷܿģΪʦ߶ˡ
ԭײǶ룬Ӧһ֪ˡصͷӼǰȥ
ŶıӰᰵ˼ǰ˶࣬һСľͻᡰɢˡ
ĥţǰĶͣ˽Ųڿʲô
˳ŶĿ⿴ȥͼǰԶһһɫĹµµתĶݸСŮŮӹǶĵֱ
ϵãǷ糵ҲļϿǸ糵ɫһҲʮֲִڡŮŵģɫģ滹׺ϸСתʱ򣬷ö
ʦƶҲ£Ȼϲ¶
ЩĽջĿ⣬˶һۣ벻ΪҪǶѵԷ糵Ȥ
ǡӭһ糵ССʱ򣬳᰿˳־һȻݸԼ
ᰣ
С͵תһķ糵ô£ôһԾҵĶǮ㣿
ɻ󣺡Ǯ
С֣Ǯӣ𣿡
ãȻС糵ȥֵûǮҶʲôѲɹ컯٣
Ϻܶע⵽ߵĶ׷׿˹æǰʦҲҪȥǱ߿˵Ŷˡ
ɳԼҲСͽܵĺףʣͽʲôǮʲô
ǰĳüͷռʦġˡԽԽˡ
⣬ǹħҲħ壻ĺܶණֲ˽⣬ĿǰҲûҪԼ˼˵ʲôݣ
ٴԼ˵Ҫʲô
ûеȵشһ飬᰽ŲһͣתָһԵ̯λ
뿴ȥͼһ̯ϵĶȻӻóģԲԲĶݸ̯λһߵˡ
˵ǾǮ
ʣʲô
ӾǮָһ̯λһһӸ̯
˵ģҪǵĶҪǮ򡣡
¶ȻɫѹַôףԭǹûǮ
ᰣ
ͽǮ𣿡
ҡͷ˼һ۾Ȼһ
ĵԤУʦ㡭ͼ֣򳤽ֱߵĻľȥ
᰿ժһƬҶУſʱкȻһӡ
ЦͽǮˡߣȥǸµµתĶ
ᰣ
ӷֶ˽󣬳᰾˵ľɢһЩס룬ʦ
Ϊʲô⡣
Ŷɻ۾Щͷ۵šüþˣҲģǵ:ҶãǮ
֣еίǺһ𣿡
һۣϵ˶æԼ£ûע⵽ߣ˿һҲУٵľǼٵġʦǲŪ٣ƭˡǷġ
üͷšΪѵĿеġӡô죿
᰽ӡùȥһûա
**
ûǮӰĺ顣ųڴӽͷﵽβֻһ֡ûʲô£ĵҪܡ
ȻĿǰ˭ܱ֤˻һֱȥһ鲻ãԼСûˡ
᰸·ǰ壬Щңû·һֱʦǰĻҪȥš
**
ѡֶԵģ㡢ϺƬȱֺӦоУƮŨʳζ
ЩԵĲȤȤҲûãġǮСͽûˡ
ǰȲ᰿һۣͼܶΧһ۾һŶ˵ʦȥǱ߿ɣ
뿴һۣʣôˣʲô
˿ĭȻ˵Ǳˣ˼ģʦһȥɣ
ˣζȻɫЦá
ͷ᰼ŵ˿µò˶һжȤ
һעŶıӰһš
˸ĸоǱլԺĺӣͻȻӼܳʲôʣһʲô
ֻôǿ˭ܹصס
ţͼǰĶعͷЦͽϡ
ˡ᰸ȥ
˼ǰ棬ͼһϻͲʣϷ۵׳վм䣬һƫͷתʱϵͼͱˡ
Ŷ뾪۾ƾܹ˲ûʹ۷ʮָȤ
ĥһҲûͷԵСͽܣô£ôȥģ
ᰵһγ壬Ȼϲҡҡͷ
Աк˸ǽ󣺡ѽ
ظһ飬ϸ̸
᰼ĵ棬ȫûע⵽ԼһϲһעŶĶһ󼷽Ⱥ
αСټ϶ӣǾ͸СˡܿʹȺм˳󲻸ҵ飬Ⱦܡ
ֱܵʵ߲ᰲͣĨһѶϵĺͷһۣȷû׷˿
ھڻкüʱѰ˸ƧĽ׼֮ȥʲôڷֲʣʲôط
ܿˣ᰽ɫӳ͵͵ȥ˸ۿڣҴѾˣ˿
·˴ڷֲλãһ·˹ȥվſڵʱԼ
Ҫȥţڵ˰ʦ塣
ǰһŲȻһ١յദǸռʦ˲ʦ˽䡣
üͷĵЩᣬҪʱڵ飬ֻҪ˸ߣɡ
ţᰵɫһЩ
ϧǣô࣬ûôṳ̂ڡ
ſڵסᰵСҹĵط𣿿ߡ
Ҫͣ˸ϲӬʽػֵߣߡ˵Ŵ˸ǷһԵͬ˵һȥȾȥɣ
ͬЦð
硣ᰵǽ̸ˣһ
˿üͷһ壺ô߿ߡ 
˵磬Ҫǣǡˣܲܡ
κɾæأʱСëӡЦһ̬ȶӣ˳һ£ٲС㣡
ᰱ˵غ˼̨ˤȥֻм̨ףһˤҲǺ۵ġ
᰿һ۲Ƶ⣬̧ͷűɷһԵˡ


7 
᰾ڵЩ˸˵Ĳһ
ЩôףĻΪʵ
Ǹְ̰٣үү˵̰¾̬ȶӣӲյֻ֪ȨķС
վĳϣӶĹ๾ֱСûᣬڳţûǮҲ˽⣬֪ȥġ
ؽϵ̯λˣҲԽԽ٣һĿĵţһϵӣôˣôؼң
̧ͷͼһϷվǰ˵Ǹϸˡתͷŷ֪˸ۿڡ
ᰵͶ˶Ѿûмˡ⻰û˵ʣ̣֪𣿡
ţϷ޶һۣãȻҡͷ
ǡλ·̸Цһ죬Զ
ᰵֱһ죿
ЦǰţԶǵһ壬һ죬žͽǶϡ
ֵҪȥţǵȥһָңϪҪ졣Ϫٴȥ͵Ĵʮ²ܵطء
ĵȻôԶ
ǶϷ޻ͷһۣЦӣãҲҪȥ꣬һɡ
½ǣ̣ңûǮֵȥɣҡ
ϸǰӣ̣ȥʲô
򴽣ȥңˡ
ɢˣϸ˻ͷϰһۡ
ϴүЦ˵أôˣһСӻڽϹ䡣಻ȫ ͸ǣ⴬Ѱǰ
æôС֪ǮףλͶôˣôǮء
û¡ϸЦһ飬ǼҺӾ꣬ȱǮ߰ɡ
᰸млл
᰸Ϸ˴ϪˡĬĬڴʳϷ򸾵ַ´ܾλ˵ݸǮҲƵˡ
**
֪ʲôطҲͲôˡ뿿Լ˫׬ȥ͵ǮȻ˼渶Ĵѻϡ
һЩʱ䣬ҵһҾںæϴˢ롣ǡҵҲкڰ﹤
Ǹкʮһ꣬Ƥڣ׳ʵЦʱ۾ǳõӡ
ᰶڵϴʱǸк˹ѽôСͳɻˣ
˵ꡣ
ꣿк۾㲻ƭҰɣ
ҡͷкʣأ
ϴӵһ٣ٴҡͷ
Ĭһкø첲˳һ£ϰܳԹס׬Ǯ֮ʲô
ᰶûз˵ȥš
ţк´һۣȥǶʲôʦѧգ
ҡͷû˵
к׬Ǯȥ
š
ô鷳кųᰣһתЦ㻹֪ɣϪھŵˡ
͵̧ͷģ
ǰкͷŵϪµء
ţϰﲻ֪ʲôʱ˹㲻Ǳˢôɷأȥ͵úøɻСҿ㹤Ǯ
ϵЦһæץһϰûѽСֵţҲŸ˵ġ
Ŷϰ￴һ۵ͷӵĳᰣץӵСݣֻҪһƵġ
ƲƲ죬˵ЩʵʵΣҪľǸҺúøɻ͵ûУ
ϰ뿪󣬶켸䣬ᰣ㲻ʦѧգȥʲô
᰽һӲϴɾ̧ͷ˵¡
ʲô°ʮֺ棬Ҫɰʵס
ᰣ¡
ų᰿һʧصͷðɣ㲻˵ˡ
ãȻѾ˵ѽ
Ĭһᰵ磬ܸŵʲôط𣿡
תתȥǣ
ᰵͷͼ˹ᰲϲİӴ˳ôˣ
ջȥЦ޺ûʲôյҲڿ֮Сҿ㳤òͷ̫ˣһһ£Ҵȥ
ᰲ̫ллˡ
۵һĨ⣬Цÿ
**
Ⱥ󣬳ʰеְ̣ˣԼõĵط
͵ˣʱڵϣ֦ϵ
Ų̧ͷվǰСʱٿˡ
ֻ᰽ԭͷˣûڵ¶
ãǷʵԭС峤󣬷紵ɹģƤܰ𪡣
׾ӣһ˫ӣ촽ٻϻ·ֱǻ߳Сͯ
ΧųתһȦصͷãģ϶ͨġ
ᰲʵû˵ʲôֻһǻӦ
óᰴߴ٣Сȶ̣һ·СŲܸ϶ĽŲûбԹҲûгֻҧĬĬȥ
ڣͣ˽Ų˵ˡ
Ӳȥϵĺ飬ǰ붡վһ
һɫĳ֣Уò֡ɨһۣű¶ŮӣҲᱡˡ
Щһױ
Щ˻Ůˣվǰ˺Ц֡
ᰲЩڸʲôϵЦֻʮֲ
ӣ磬ŵ𣿡
ͷָһ¥˵ŵ˾סߣҴȥ˵Ųȳᰳߡ
һ·߹ȥӵ֬㣬ܼˣ̲ס硣
ܿ¥ǰ̧ͷһۣͼ¥һҶ鴺¥֡
ſڵʱ򣬳ᰣ׳סˡ
ǰɷˣĵײɿһ뵽ڷֲˣĵѵҲһ
ǲᰵĲسЦЦ˵ңҸ˵
ᰵͷͼǰ˽̸
ǵСΧֺ֣ܳ˵ʲôֻо׳ʱĽͶϡ
Щŵ߬°ڣҵǣͬǽȥ˿
һ׳ǽ˴¥Сʶ磬ô˵ģ
Ц˵ŵɾʦѧաǾͷǽˡ
᰻˵ʲôæһҪ˵ˣǱŵɾûء
Ŷһɵصͷ
Ŀɨ߸ߵ¥㣬²ŵסǼ䷿
лҪ˵:ͽΪʦ


8 
᰸׳һװ޻ķ䣬׳Զţȥл
˴֣Цĵͷ鷳ˡ
׳˺󣬳ʣ磬Ǽŵ˵Ļ˭
ŵˡ˵ˣžǡ
Ŷһͼߵ֣վˣ
᰿Ǿ»ĵӣֿϱȾ·ûȥ
һ۰ŪˮĶֻɫϤƵġ
ᰵ磬㾭𣿡
һ٣Цôܣҵһ
ɻϰﲻ˵ŵˣû𣿡
ɫһ⣬
ǡڴʱűƿˣһ£ĵŮ˽׳͸
Ůһţվᰱ֪ŮӾǻˡ
ŵˡ
ЩŵؿŽŵŮӣͼŮӵĿڷɨһȦֱ˹
ʶס½ڲϵ壬̧ͷǡöŮӵĿ⡣
Ŀ䣬żӣڿһˣڿһƷ
ָоĪȴȻó᰸еʣҪ˵ĻҲںͷû˵ڡ
ҪҪڣͼŮתͷһԵĶεĻǰεĶҪáֶűߵ׳Ǯ
ãȻվŶϲ̵ؽӹǮ򿪳һۣԹ˵ϵȻһôô㣿
ŮĿһбҪͰǮ¡
һǮûҾôһ˵ûʲôµĻҾˡ
磬㣬ʲô˼᰿˿ڣɬһ˿ײĲ
ɵŮ붡̸֪ƭ
ٽŮӷſ񣬻Ǯ֪ǰˡ
Ϊʲô
޳Թ͵ʱѻˣϰûпĹǮ
ΪʲôҪô
ûпᰵ۾ֻĿⶨڵĳһ㣬ںһЦôΪʲôҪǮǡƭѡ
촽ɫ԰ףţΪԭȾܣֻǸͱǰŮץסֱۡ
ſң䲻֪Щʲô˿µģʲôˡ
᰾ͼŮָһţһϸŮɳ
Ůı飬д󺧣ͨˡֻ˻ħ壿
ûߣԱ߿һ㣬ʵ
ڸϵ˶Ļ̧ȥֵͷ
ɫ̫ãųᰵͷһʲôҲû˵̧ſȥ
ǡڴʱһŮӴҴ˽ڻ˵˼仰ϡһЩ
Ů˵ϾҪʼˣ
ɨ˳һۣ˵ˡ
ŮӵǣһЩôѽҪá֪뵽ʲô͵һϵѪɫҲȥˡ
ŮϸüͷһšڳƬ̺תͷſפĶ
֪ʲôû뿪
ŮӿŶȻЦ˵ˣ
ɫ͵һ䣬Ⱦܣſڵ׳һסݺݰ˵ϡ
Ůӻˣˡȥ׼ɣʱ
ǡŮȥˡ
**
ᰱ׳һ¥һ䣬ȥܴ󣬲Ƿӵļ
кܶຢӣкҲŮǵͶСĿ꣬Ҳʮꡣ
һ⣬ЩӶɫ԰ף۾ףȻǿ޹ġ
ǿŷŮӺ׳ȫ¶ֵı飬ǼһɪɪŶ
׳һţְѶ˹
ע⵽ЩУмڿ϶¶Թޡŭɫ
뵽Ŷ˵ĻͲµ⼸ӦǸһۣǱƭ¥ġ
ŮӵĿ⻺ɨˣãȻѾˣǾͿʼɡˡ
£ʮ̴ӣŮطֳУվڷŮ󣬵ͷ
Ůӵȥϴɡ
ʮ̴ӵͷӦǣһһȥ
ŷ֣ﾹţͨ䡣
ŮźеŮͯһ䣬򱻺ͯһ𣬽һ䡣
ȥֻ֮ŸԡͰһ𣬿뵡
Щ̴·ϴ衣
ЩӶȳ磬ǳԹͷ磬ǹԹԽ·ˡ
վŲչ̴ӱǰᰴƵĴ˵֣ͺȵң
˲䰲ǵĿⶼڳϡ
ɫ죬еĺ£еĽţеĺۿ͵ͿеĿ¶֮ɫ
֪ĺܲϪζܶ
ȥȥڶҪˣʦһҪúñ档
߬ǰ壬һҧתܡһ˫ִӺס
һ飬һƫͷݺҧ˵ĸ첲ϡһȻԤ׵Ʈǻᰶһ̧ͷͿʦģϪ
ʦǸռʦˣˡ
ᰴ㵵۾Ѿ½⿪·˷ŽԡͰ
մˮعתȴס˺ԡһԺ𣺡ͷᱻ֡
ϪĲͬͳȻ󣬻һ˿޵Ц⣬ôȴ
ᰶ˶˵Ĺǣ˶࣬ɫ죬׾ͻᱻ
ԡͰУһﲻĵȴ˾κˣôҵģ
𣿻ŭܣҪѵ
ɲһˮͷ£һ˫Ĩ˶
һֿ̡˫ֲ֪أͷƤۼˡ
¶ݣһҲҿԡĵתŵЩҲ׵һߡ
òϴͷ᰻ûüһ͸еʲôز󱳣һۡ
һ£һ˾Խˮ
͵Աߵˣ͵ʦθ˴걳䲻ǰԡͰ˾Ͳˡ
һͼᰴԡͰվһַԡͰıԵͷҵؿ
ĿڳᰱϣͼСĺϣһĿĵغۣŴһ¡
գգۣ֪ط֣е
**
òϴ裬ԡͰʱһٴ·ͼȡ˸ɲҪͷ
𷽲ŶҪͺ˵æӹԼ
ȳᰲͷһ̧ͼվǰģʮֿĵģ
ᰵһ٣Ժ𣺡ͽΪʦǵһźԡоΣ
ᰣ
ĸо
ϴϺЩȡһԵĺڽס˺ǵ۾ѧҲڽ
̧ͷĬؿǰˣͼգգۣ¶һĨЦݣڽסߡ
ָյʱ΢΢һ¡Ժ
һ緽ţصӣдںЦ⣬ţ£Ϊʦ㲻ɡ
򴽣û˵
**
۾쳣
Ŵ򿪵˽һĮŮ𣺡ϾҪʼˣȥ
ϵżŮӣҲǻ
᰿Σоһֻǣ֣ǰߡ
ûз̧ǰȥϡǰĺΪȾݴ
֪Щ֮ǰʲôһʲôõľ
ˣȺѱ
ţǣԼͣ˽Ųʶͷת룬ϧкڽʲôҲ
Ұɡһأſǻʶ´Ƕ
ı飬ܴĻиܵľֺ;
ɤ˵ŹңһҪûҲܡҡҿ԰еǮ㣬㡭
ȥΪĦ
˵ʲôġ˵Ǳ˿ˣһӵٻպҼ㣬Ҫͷء
˵꣬
û˵ֻ˽ŲǶЪ˹زҽ㣬㣬Źҡ
ЩͷСĵ㣬ˡ
Ȼֵʵ̫ףһʱƲסһ֪ʲôֵʧˡ
һؼžУˣһǵøϴ»·ȥɡ
ٴǰ߶أ޷ѹֵСšüû˵ֻսǣֻ֡


9 
һξ󣬳ڶĲһ᰸оڻˣûпڡ
أ᰸еΧԽԽͣ˵Щ䡣ɻʲôطԺ
ߡ
һ£֪ؽֶѵЩҲڵ½˶
ɻ󣬾ʣ뿴𣿡
᰻ûش𣬾͸еµĳͣԵ³᰺Ͷں档
ڶİ˳˫صʱ򣬱ǼᵽһȻ㣬еһִֻǰϵĺڲͳ˰裬ǰһɼ
ֻһ̻Ի͵Ĺǰ˼ſסû¶㵵ı顣
ʯ̾͵ĵ棬һ̤
Ϊ˷ֹ˷ֶߣᰲ̫ĶĿǰⲻʱɨࡣĿ⹬ڵÿһҡ
Щӱһڣȥ۾ϵĺڽͱ⿪ˣЩ̴˳ȥ
᰸оִгʱʶսָ߬סֻ֡
Ķһ£סģᰡ˵£ʦء
յ˫շֿˣ֨һϡ
߬ȭͷǱĴз·ָ⡣ֻôʱ䣬Ҳûܽȡ
᰻ͷһ۽յķţ鸴ӡû뵽ô̵ʱڣˡ
ֱ˼顣
**
ȷЩȫ뿪󣬺ڳŲסһʱճ䡣
ȻһŮͯС˵ҪӰɡ
ӣһŮͯѽǶ֪ʲôطңǼܵʲô³𣿡
᰷Ůͯ˵϶¶ֵı顣ھķΧ
ƾӲȥġȺߵһͯ˵ҾǸ˵ĶԣðܣƴһѣǱѡˣлĻᡣ
ɣǡиӴſǻ͵͵˵Щ鲻õʱǻ˵ѽңҲأؼңҪҪԺҲˣء
ǱȾܶຢҲſǸʹĺȰοҲƲס档
վһԣüͷ΢΢šڶûŪЩץЩǸģ˵ѡʲô˼
᰽ĿͶһԵĶϣͼĿ͵ڵϣȫϣ
Ŷ֪Щʲô̧ȥֻǸͼӽΧ
᰽Ųһ٣ͼ׳ʵк־ס˶½ǷŭǸԩ޳ΪʲôҪƭ
鶯˶кһųǣ¶һĨȿ޻ѿЦݣΪʲôҲ˵ˣΪǴ˭ô׾űˡ
δ䣬Ǹкһȭ˹ȥ˶Χ˹СȰǲǶֵģҪǴˡ
򰡣£ȻôңҲʡ
㣡кŭ۾ȭͷٴæǰǷֿƫͷһڴѪĭȤģ
ڵЩƣһ߰ҵŮС˵Ķ𣿡
Ҳ侲к˵ᣬֻҪԹһ
Ȼ̧ͷ۵Ѫ˿Щ񣬡ܲܲҪôˣ֪Щб.̬õĸר.ŪСһ϶ŪüǺǣܻƭЩˡ
˵꣬뵽ʲôĿɨˣ¶һĨЩŤЦݣȺС֪Ҹո˵.Ūʲô˼Ҹǡ
ֱվҡҡλǰ˼ǡǰһץסᰵĸ첲Ц˵˵ɲͨ棬ǻǵǵ·ǰڡ
ˣǸ侲кüҪ˵Щ
ΪʲôһЦҪģǰ˵Ҳи׼
ĺʹ󶼺Сͨ£ãȻգŴ۾Ŷ˵ʲô
ͨкķӦϡµһЩ
Сѷܶǳ٣ᰳ˸Ϫʶ֮⣬ֻܿм̯ϰŵĻʱ̯һһ죬̷ֱ̯Żȥ
̯Ϸ»ֻ˵ǶǴ˵£û뵽˶Ժ֣ĵЩʡ
뵽֪͵ĺӻᾭʲôΪǮɥ£ݺ˦֡
ܵᰵų⣬ͷ˹˶Ƭ̣ЦһҲң
Ҳ㡣Ŷ۾˵һط˭Ӳ
ͫȻһһֱҪӱܵ⣬ȴһѪᵽϡӣҡ
ᰲٿǰȺ˵Ǳ£һ۷ʲô𷴿
к˳һа취ӳȥ
һ˵ˣˢˢųᰡ
򴽣ûУ
֪ô޷Ǳ֤ʲôõʱϣԽʧԽ
ǶʧصͷǸ곤к˵ȱɥ
ᰡ
ᰵġк˵ôȱסҪ
ڳ᰺кĺ£˲ǰк˿Գ˵ҽмͩ
ᰵͷ˵á
ͩ˳һȻЦˣ˵ССͣȴţ³ȣΣңһΪ
գգۣ𣿻һ£ȷʵֻΪʲô
ԺвȻֳϪЦ֪ ǲϦദʦ
뵽ǸռʦˣĵǸദǼġϾЩͨ˵ûбȡµˡ
Ҫ˵ںۼħôˡ⣬䲻ȫĴ䲻Ҳ̫ҡ
ţһˡһ𡣳תͷǡÿƿ˽Щչǵ̴ӡ
ĿӺһһɨǸ¶֣ȴʵʵشԭأصͷ
һ̴֣ǰվ˺
ᰲдҲĸ˲Ƕ룬ֱһֻᴥָ⣬˿
**
Ըǹȥ
̴᰾ʱ򣬾Ǳء޸˵˵Ҳǣ˵һ飬͹ԹһǳŹȥˣǲǵġ
㷲ǵͷ
ˣȥɡ
ڶм䣬뵽﷽ŵǷ˵ǣĵ׶ĵҪ˷񶾵£ȴԼһ
ѵΪ˵һ仰͵
̤ϳȵԼǰֹһһΡĹǰ˴󣬳᰾Ͳ㱻еװϹۡ
ֻн貣þȫûƽģ滹Ƕ˸ɫʯݳ
۾Ӧ˵еĽ⣬ŴΧȿڴϵˡ
һֵˣͷ켣Żɫۣ·ǰһ
üͷ΢š䲻ϹǵҲ֪˼ĵŻۣͷڡ˭˴󵨣Ͳ±
ţͼϵ˾ƱЦǻӭ¼ĵǣɡ 
·˷׷׾ٱ
ɨһ۴ŵˣͼǽۣɿϵţ¶ºɫļС
Ǻڼ׵Ŀʽʳ죬࿴˼飬ɫ΢΢һ䡣
ϳˣЩϴĺڼȺħΨһǣûдŶߡ
᰿ˣĵκˣЩˣȫħ壿Ŀŵس˽ϣͲŵˣ
˼ţ˴һĺ󱳣Żعϵ˵ΪӭλֵܣҸ׼һݴ񡣡
˵ĿڵеͷĺϣһЦ¶һڼݣЩ˾ϸѡϵȻǳ.ǿԷ.ãϲԴȥ


10 
Щ˿̰֮ɫôţʶһţֻǺ̴ֱܿǿзֿ
һЦһϲģµٷ֡
˷׷׸ͣѽѽ

ôõĵȻҪˡ
ϵȻЩάĻ⣬һƣʾԵ˵ơ
ע⵽վߵһŻккüľ£ʮһꡣ
кžƺǰ᰿žƺϸ΢Ĳǲͷˣ:ĥĥʲôأ
û뵽˻ȻڣкһһҺϡ
˵ɫ͵һкŵøϽڵأͷġ
˷ֳª֮ɫһһץкһںݺҧľ䣬ֱ˺һƤ⣬˼¾ȥ
ҽвֹкһӣĨһ죬ЦõǼЦˡ
վڴڵĺӼ龰ŵþֻǺܿͱ̴ס͡
ٴںǵͷ
ŵڵϣžк۾ɵļ촽ţ޷ǰ׷ʲô
Ϊʲôˣ⣿
ЩŵĺȣҪúܶ࣬ɫ԰ף۵ȴ޻֮ɫ෴ֻʹޡ
Щħƾʲô̤ǣ
᰷߷̧ͷĿǡϵײһ
һ۵¶ζȻɫһָᰣ㣬
û뵽˻ѡԼ۵Ĺâ
վԭûһִֻӺһ£Ժ𣺡ȥɣҿء
򵥵һ仰ĵеǶˡ̧ţȥĿ׳ϣȴˡ
룬̫ˣΪʲô
ǰվˣ˵һƣʲô֣
ᰡ
ᰡ˵Ĭһ֣ǣ۵һ.аĹâԱŲŲ
վû˱Ҫ׽
ֻ쵽ǰĶСķֵ֣۵һĨɫһ
ᰵĶܣϵЦݶȻʧָת˸ϸĲץȥ
ȻһֻªֽҪ˲䣬һɫĿӴӿз׼ݵش͸˵ƣѪ
ʹһʱǰӣյһء
˳ܵһԣƳڵϣž˿ڲͣ.кæ⿪ȥ
к˿ڣתͷ·ֻЩ˶վ̴Ӵһԡ
վڴ룬аһɫĿӣɱĵ治ɫ
˵ܴǿ̽һЩϢû뵽㼱ɫôСĺӶ֣.硣
˶٣ȻЦˣ˼ˣǱ.
ϵŭɶؽ.еĿӰ˳,ָŶ㣬
˽еҶԴԲѷֵǸҺúýѵ
ԣúýѵ
ԣüϵЦݸˡ
ЩСģˣϲ¶֮ɫ磬ҿ˶ŵ̽ӣڴʱֻ֣滹иͬǻСΪ
뽫пһӣЦһԸȺආһҪ˰æ
һ˱׼ŭˣָŶ룬ŭɱͷ͡
˷ӵϣΧס
᰿ΧĶǺЩǵ߬ȭͷ
֪˺еħ̫ˣҸȺϵȺħܴ
Ӯ
Ǽ䣬ǰһЩΧŶħҽһȫ˳ȥ
ײΣյȫڵϣһƬǽ塣վڴ룬˵Ķ룬˿
**
űһʹ.ħ壬ҡͷ̾Ϣʧ̧֮ϵˡ
ڶĿɨʱɫ͵һ䣬һȾܡ
ҡҡͷֻ̧һץӴܵ˾ͱץ˵ϡ
һ̤˵ؿڣڵϡ
Žɫɷףסˣšü૵òʲôè˽ĵҫˡǿЦ
϶µŽµˣ˵˵˭ǵĹ˽ĵ
˶ס죬ɬɣɾֻһʱͿңұ֤Ժٲˡ
㣿ЦЦǳζȸ̤˽磬Ѿ˱Ƥɢ׼˰ɡ
лҪ˵ÿ׼ʱ£ʱڲѧĵСʹŶ(*^^*)


11 
촽Դһǧǰ۾½磬˻ȼֱ֮ڻ֮ķ˻δϨɾ֮ˣӦ֪ǻǽһǧӣҲҴ̤˽簡
ŶһüȲǴӻ֮ν˽ģ
ɷɫ죬Цһ˵˹̧һֻ֣˼״ͫɾĪ֣ң˵
һ°ͣʾϿ졣
˿ĭ䣬ʵҲ֪ô˽ġ
ЦŶ֪
ֻסԴɾûƭ㣬ġЩ˶ײħħԿڷѡһ淢˸ʾЩˣ˵ֻҪȥ˾ٻȻŹᡣ
ٻ˽ĵ𣿡
һӣηؿ˶һۣ˺һŹ˵Ǳ֮ǰǴһطҲ֪ʲôֻ֪۾һһգͳ˽ϡ
붯һ٣Ŀɨħ壬Щ˼ɵ׺ͷ
ԣԣ硭˵ģʲô֪Ī͵ط
Ǽ屻͵ģ
ǡҡͷһмʮˣֻҺ˶˲ͬĵطЩҲǺòײŴһġ
ԶԶԡǺ¶벻⣬һħ岹һˣһЩֱӳţͱץסŤ͵ȥˡ
Щħһ֣۵׶¶־ɫ
˲ǣѽеֱӱɱˣƴӳġ
**
кվһ̧ȥ
ǰʱǡЩ뺣ϵЩħһֻħƷǣôȥˣ˽֮ģδ
ĿƳһ°ɫ°ڣ̧öϳӣϵ֮ɫһգЦͽû
ҡͷͷźڵϵħ壬ʵʦ׼ôǣ
ҲȥЩħ޺ɾ֪ǵ˽磬ǴǣҲѽģŹǰɡ
Ц˽ҫʱн죿ǲкЩ޹ͯʱ򣬿ҪŹǣҽδֻǻȥɡ
һʣЩħµƿԣǡڴʱһӰڴſڣǻ
Ů˾Ʋһе龰һ£תܡ
̧һָЩŮǱסһ㣬վԭһ
ջغ󣬿Ŷ룺ͽŮ˺İɣ˵˵ôʰΪʦ
ҡͷֱͯӽٸá
û뵽õֻش˺һŵУħ壬Ҫڡ
˵ע⵽üô
Ϊǵľᰶڵӡ󲢲ãתһ룬Ϊ˾ͷڣҡҡͷûʲô
ͷ̧һڽ̴ӣ̴ɫ԰ףңʲô֪󡭡ɾҡ

վֽ˹ʣ֪Ϫڷֲʲôط𣿡
˲ΡΡصͷ֪֪
á˵ȥǴ¥ħ壬Ǵ˹˶٣ֵˣǸܣҾ͡
ҡ˲һȥȥ
뿪󣬶ͷᰣһ飺ڰǽ֮ǰĲǳ
ѹصģ㾡֣ܶΪʦ֤鲻
ᰣ
̧ͷǡվڽ𾪵۾ĶĿײһ𡣳СһָŶƭ˺üﻻǮʦ׷Ź
˳ųᰵֿ˹ȥ΢΢۾Ǿһڴá
˫ȴ˰ӣ˫һ˹ȥ
ຢҲ۾䣺ô죿
õģڻƵİǡ˵ųڽĺ¶һĨЦݣ庢֣¡
ЩӳƬֿ̣վڶߵĳᰣڴ˵Χ˹
һСŮǣŶ°ڣͷʣ磬磬ǵþ𣿡
СŮͷЦѽѾҴˣǰȫˡ
űΧĶ룬Щӣ룬ˣĲǻˡռʦ壬ʲôԭ
ţͼͩ˹ЦŽһᰵ֡
뵽Լͩ˵ûմӳȥĻɫЩȻڼͩδЩ
Сһسͳ᰹֣һ˿ײĽţлλɾľ֮ͩرλɾ
˫һ䣬Цһã⻰ҿǼˡ
ͩһ£Ϊ뿴δɣΣѵëͷСӣû뵽õĻش˿ͬʱԳᰵһʦ
᰿˶һۣ򴽣ɲص˵ͷ
ֹһ߹ǣסᰵ֡
ãȻ̧ͷǵˣͽ߰ɡ
᰿⣬ϸһԼ˽ŲͷҲǵڣ֪ж鷳¡
һͼ˺Ȼ˹סȣĵɾɾǲﰡŹǰɡ㡣
ħҲġ
һȻ뵽ʲôͷˣǮ𣿡
ãȻŶ룬ģɵ͸ˡ
֣Ǯӣ𣿡


12 
˶˼¶һĨϲɫ,УɾҪ٣ǣȫ
°һ̧
ᰣ
ٶȴӵһǰڴӣһһ򿪣ֻ˽鱦
ЩǵҲǳԾô󣬻ǵһμôǮ
кС˵ôǮǵػ˰ɣ
¶벻⣬ϴŵĽָȫժħҲϵǮ˳
߲ܣֻһ֣װ鱦ĴӾʹǰʧˡ
۾ΪԼˡЩħȴɫ糣ᰱ²е
뵽ţ᰽ĿڶϣĵĪˣ
ΪҪñ˵壿ⲻаħŻ
벻ףͼЩħֺõؿŶ룬˵ǣɾǲǿԡˣ
ߣɻ󣬡ڵϾ͵Ҫȥ
ϵЦһʧˣɾ㶼Ǯˣôܳأ
գգ۾̽ʵԣҡţлߣ
ᰲؿ˶һۣ˵֪лأǲס
˵ԼЦҿɲǵдӦʲôߣֶлߣǴ𣿡
˵˲ʶӣҲôأƽϲʲôأ
**
ɫ࣬Ŷ룬ŭ㣬㲻Ҫ̫
ЦһΣĻȥѽЩͲ㣬ʲôʸ
Ŀ⵭һɨ˺ò׹̼йˡηηغһҿ۾
ĽŲˣᰵʦˡ
һǣųᰵֻ֣ͷЩЦһˡ
**
ӵ¹󣬶롢ᰲδ뿪ʱվڴ¥ݶϣŶ֣ͷ·
ڵĶܿ죬¥Ѿ׿סˡ
ûó᰾ͿڵѹЩħͶڡĺ˱
Щ˶Ժǵ̬ȣ˿ãϪڷֲǵЩ˲ͬ
ᰵĿϣЩϵĺڼףʵʦħ嶼ڼ𣿡ǵúϵȺħҲô
ӦһǺڼħеĲƳɵģܹ˺ħ粻Ůףô˵ŴᰣǸȤΪʦԸѰһ
ҡͷҪ
Ҳԣô󣬴ҲҲħȺ˹ϲƷζʵ̫
᰿Цã˸ոջ˵ҪŪһ˵Ƕˡ
˵Ĺڵ˾ͳĲˣ᰿ڴ¥ϵķʣ¥ؿ𣿡
ɣܻ»ˡ
ü˵ֵط˿ڷ.⡣˺ǻ᲻˺޹ˣ
ЩԾ˻Ǯ𣿡
ᰵͷһ˶Ǯ
εǴģʦ
˶٣żʦÿ˶ɵģ˭ܰȨýǮһˡǷᱻץ.εġ
ָָ뿪ķ򣬡ͶǶҪΪ˸ۡ
Цͽ˵Ķԣ˻Ҫѡڡ
Ŀڴ¥յĴϣ˼һССĴ¥ɹΪ˲ٺˣһѻ˰ɡ
˵ֻ̧һָڴ¥µĵҡμ£ڵءĻǻһӵ˴¥Ĵš
Ƭ̺¥Ũ̹졣
ʱ¥ѾûˣϿֵҲ½½ɢˣֻڴ¥ʿʿһ¥ɫһ䡣
ĵİձ˹٣ܿٸ˸ϵǽ¥Ѿַ档ҵûԱ
ǰķ棬оʮֽ֪뵽ʲôɫ΢΢һ䣺ˡ
Ϊ˲ڵ˲롢Ѿλãʱھ봺¥Զĵط᰾סԼ°ڣɫ԰ס
ڳߣأôˣ
˵ҵĶڴ¥
룺𣿡
תͷͼŵĺȻϪ壬֮⣬Ƕӡ
۾һӹȥͼ뽫ǿĬϵ֣ѡš
ֱΪ˻Ȼţɻ󣬾ͼĿɨͽȥŹ𣿡
᰿Ŷ۾ɵصͷ롣
˵Ҳ֪ǲĴ᰾ãͷһ̣ǰ¶ʧɫ
ڣջǵͷ廹ᰣǺðɣǾȥš
ᰶ΢΢һ٣Сĵؽպãˣͽ֪ʲôط𣿡


13 
ᰣô鷳˵Ϫŵڣһ°ɡ
ӦһǾͺãʡȥ˺ܶ鷳
ɫ⼸ճᰶûϢãʱַ̧ͷһ۶룬ҲƽôȵأᰱʦҸջЪһɡ
ƤһۣƵʣջ
š֪ĺܶණǰ·
ܿҵһаĿջ˵ǰʣסǲҲҪǮ
һ
ŷСſ˯ˣӡ
СһӾˣ˯һûᰣֻע⵽վǰĶ롣
СźǷ͹Ҫסꣿ
ͷС˱Ҫסʲôλģͨ仹ǡ
벻Щַֻ̧һϣС۾һӾֱˡ
СٳٲڣΪַȥԪһСסؿ͵غһü
ټǮƣæסʦˡ
𣿡뿴СһۣҼһֱûӦΪ١
ᰣǱɵˡסôǮġ
ż⣬ҪǮûС죬һӾͰԪ˻
ᰣ
СЦļۣ͹٣С͸ǵõķ䣬һŷô
ͷ
Сӹ̨Ƴһͷͼ̧ͷԼλСӣ㡭
һġ
ŶŶСӦܿ죬Цλ롣
뷿󣬶˵ҪԡСЦ˵һˮȻûˮԡͰˣ֮⣬ҹ
˵ҹ˵һٷʢĴ֮࣬͡Ӱڵġ
ƹҲˣƹЦ˵͹٣Ҳ֪ϲʲôζóÿһ㡣ﻹ׼˹ϹģϷŲˣҷãʲôԸֻܿڣʱźšСһͷ
űˣ뿴ϰڷŵʳʳᰣסջǶģ
ҡͷǡǿڽӵķϡ
ͷƲ⣬ֻһ˵԰ɣȥԡ˵Ƶ
ܷ
̣ӶƮʳζ̲ˡҲûкԺֻ˼ԼϲģԵ뱥ͣ˿ӡ
ǰһڼ·˳ʪ󣬰Ѻ󱳵·ʪˡ
ᰶŶ뿴һ򴲱ȥȫûҪͷĴ㡣̣߹ȥϵĸɲ
һתͼСͽվڴߣһɲ
벻򴽣˵ʦʪ˯ãɡ
ŽĿӳƿ̧Цһ£ֻǻδü˵ʲôͼǰһͷϡ
ŷϴ۾ͷĴ㡣
봹Ŀ⣬ͿСͽܵĽһһڵģһ뵽˵ĻӦöԵ㣬ܳߡ
û˵ʲôؽͷϵˮɣջزʱ˵ллҡ
빴һЦΪʦ˿
Ŷ뺬Цۣ᰸ᶨԼ뷨
û׷ΪʲôܣξħҲʹ
ȷ˲ǻˣֻԼôãΪʲô
ѵʦĲ
Ȼ벻͸᰽ŪʪĲһԣ˱õˮ򵥵ϴ󣬾׼ϴϢ
ߵߣҪϨ۾Ȼע⵽ڴߵĶ롣
ֻ΢΢ͷϵıƵأԶƽǰоóЩ졣
ദʱ䲻ÿһգ뿴ǳо
º񶼴ʮֵ飬òľ죬һЩ
᰼ɼü ڴ¥ʱ򻹺úõأôͻȻ͡
Ȼ뵽ǴӼʦǿ忪ʼġ
ᰵԺвɸֳԼ벻ȥʱӣڴͷʱǹڴʧˣʧ
ǵͷӦһȥš
һ뷨ȻӿᰵԺ룺ѵʹȥţֻ̫棬漸ٶ
뷨óᰵֱ̽ſڵʦ
ţ̧
źԶҲȥŶ۾һ·кܶʱĴġ
۾һģ
ᰵͷġ
ԸĶ룬ᰴĿ⣬һϨڴϵʱȴٳٲ˯
ãߵ˻ϪĳֽףֻܽΪ˶ôãҪȥš
**
ڶ죬ᰡ𴲺ûãջϰ˾·ʢ緹
СŵϪŵ㡣Сܵ˵˵ص㣬ܶŵ¡
Űŵĵλɲ͡λ϶ڡλ͹٣֪𣿴˵ڿΪ۾µģĺã˵۾ǿֱӷġ
ÿ궼˵˽µӣʺõĺӣɵԸԹȥҿ˵ֻҪܱѡϣǽǿԷɵġ
СĻﲻĽϧûǸ̫ֻһȴˡ


14 
ᰵлС뿪˼С
СԣռкҪĵλʦΪλйϵĪʦʵŵĵӣ
뷨һðͱ᰷ˡ
ϪŵӣˣȺħʱ򣬲ܺ޻֮
Źǰ壬üͷ̲סȻԼϪ꣬ȴϪȴһ㶼˽⡣
֪еʧ䡣
ĳ񣬺˵ɲô򵥵£ǰĸɾͿɷˡ֮ǧǧܹ̤ɽȴ޼ɣҪߵΪҪΪԣ·ϣûнݾߵġ
գգۣ֪ˣûнͣԹԵͷʦ֪ˡ
緹󣬳ᰡ˾ͳȥŵˡǰС֪ĵַҹȥ˾Էǰ
ԷԶУ£ǵʱ򣬱ԷǰѾվ˺ܶˡǼҳԼҺʦġ
᰿һ۽յĴţԵһλˣΪʲôȥʲô
ǸЦɾҪæǶء
ƣŵЩ˲µӵǷ²æʲô
Ǹʳᰣ޶Ҳʦģ
ᰲʦģΪ˲鷳ͷ
ǵȴ̫ģ˾˵
ᰴӸ˿е֪⴦ԷϪ׸żҵģ֪ŵҪǱ㽫úòһŵס˽ȥ
Ա˼ǵУˣҪ˵żҲǺøǰʲôţŶԣǷ˵żүʲУɵϡǿŵɾһͰżүˡ
ɲǣ԰ССɾǲСΪѰһǰ̣ͱ뽫͵ȥ
ԶԶԡ

Ťͷһ۶룬ͼűԷյĴţ۵ԳζȻɫ
ߵ˻ĿˣһʱҲûע⵽᰾ʹȺ˳Ŷߵһԡ
սһʦͼһָڴߣһơ
Ц֪ڵЩʲô𣿡
ᰵŵ⣿˵ʾ䣬õȴǳ
ڳ˶ӦɷǣһǮɱ˫ۡ
ɿǰլԺȴİգټЩݣŵЩ⡣
ֻ뵽ϪЩǣûŪǰ¶ۡ
촽ȥ֪ˡ
**
᰸Ŷ˱Էȥŷ⴦ԷԷ˻ݣʱޣʮƯ
ųûֱͣӽ˱ԷŻ΢գǸо̲ס۾
ʲôɨϣƫͷԭǶһƷ˿
̧ܹĲ΢촽Ǹоᰵעӣͷ
Ŀ۵ʢŵЦ⡣峺ǣôţ˵Ҳź
ܿƿĿ⣬ȴЩõϪ壬ɸ˵ĸоȴر
ĬĬ룬ʦδЦ
ߺȻŮӵĽЦ᰻ع񣬲ŷֶ벻֪ʱѾͣһû
ѹһػ֦ӷ϶ķȥ
ͼһ÷ɫķס۾쳤ֱнеˣ㰡
ӵߣΧʮɴ£Ĺ
Щŵؽӽӣʱͷȹڷӵգ׽˵ʱȴЦӿ
ʧּκվԭزˣЩô.޶ԡ
һӴĹߵǰᴵһӺȻһѽס˻
ССؾһЦ˵˵Ļɾûô
˺ٺЦЦţ֪ǺԵʾˤԺеһ
뵵Ʈɢע⵽ǾһȪȪ߻ڷ˼Сϻ˹ģƼȡ
ЦһȪ仨Ů飬ʳǺò
ָһС۵˼仨ꡣ
ôڵȣȴ£ǿɶ
нŲ𣬳ƿĿ⣬ͼ˹
һ˳ˮӵʦ֣ʱ䲻ˣЩ˺üˣǲˡ
ˮеӽ⿪۵ķɫ֪֪ˣɨˡȪгֵҲ֪˵ʲô
ӾԺڳ󣬳ᰵĺȫƻˡһԲվ·ߣýһСʯӡ
µӣѵ˵Ŷ⸱ӣ
ܡ뵽Ϫæ뷨ˡ
ϪϪȻȥţ˵ܷġϪĵĵطܲ
ţϵⱻסˣ̧ͷһͼһźߵվǰͷ


15 
һǰ֮ϴŵ·ʱ˿
ʦ᰽һ
šźߵ˵ͷһ㡣
ùһҲһߡߵӣ߱ȶϴҪСһ㣬ȻʺС
᰿ߣĬƬ̣ʵʦŪģ
뽫ϵƿ¶һĨЦݣָŲԶǱߣҿͦ˼͸ˡ
˳Ŷָķ򿴹ȥͼһԴźӵ޴һ˵ʲô֮Ա
ƣ˼ϵСץӲӵĴԪ
ᰣ
˵ôǶȻǴȥ伯Уȥġ
᰾þò˵ʣôϲ
ջĿ⣬ûУҺϲ˶٣ллʦ
ЦݲãϸΪʦ
ǡڴʱԷյԺŴˣ᰽һ´ٴɡſˣʦǽȥɡ
˽ȥŶؽ뷿䡣
᰷ִӷڳˣеĻϲأеҡͷ̾ϢеĺֱӾϺޣҳôߡ
Σ˺ǽš
ǰλС˵ɾʲôͽģǼҴ󱦵ܱܲѡϣõġ
ˣҲûðվڳǰĴ˵ʲʺɣɾֻҪ˫һ֪ˡ
Ǵѽô
Ҳ֪Ķģشǲǣ֮ġ
棺ô⣿
˴𣺡ôŪҲɾֻǼ򵥵Ĳһ£ʲʺɡȻȥʽʦʯֻҪһ֪ʵΡ
˿ô֪ôࣿѵ㡭
ЦŰ֣ûûУǰҼϴţҶ˵ġǰСļ򣬡ҽǴ϶ġ
Աߵ˿ǸӣòĽϴȻˣ϶϶ҲԵġ
һЦлԡ
ЩϰնŶ䲻ȥ֪ϢȻܴһˣΪԼĺӡ
λ磬㻹֪ʲôϸ˵˵¡
Զԣ˵һ㣬̤ʵЩ
֪Ҳ࣬ϴæ˼һˣϴ˵ߵһΪ߸ȼʯܲġ
Ǵ߸ѽ
룬ǡּ׵ȣҵȣֱȣеּ׵һһӦ
ָһ£԰ⲻ߸
˵ѽһû˵أּ׵ϣһ׵ȡҼϴʦ˵׵ֻڴ˵Уôдδ˴ڡ
˵ͷԭ
˵ЩȼѽԽǰ棬Խá
ͷ˺磬ϴǼ
ЦЦЩ˼۵ǽ˵Ǽϴһ㣬ҵȡ
ϣ磬Ѿˡ
ѽѽǼСҪǸϴһҲЦء

ĬĬţһַֻŤͷͼ벻֪ʱߴ˻ȥ
ģƾʣ϶ܹ
ҡҡͷĲ
ܿ죬ֵˣһͬȥſڵŵӽ
ᰵɾһġ
һЦ£Ҿժ
ָ˵ͷְ´˻ȥ
ᰣĺϲߡ
̤䣬ͼһǲǰȪڶŮϷˡʱΣ˫Цﻹзŵ.벻ͷ
̲ס࿴ۡ
ӵĿڶͳɨһȦµջأЦʳᰣʲô֣
ᰱֺ󣬾˵⣬ֻǰѾתͷվһԵ˵ǿλСֵûԵ֡
һߵǰԳЦ£ܿͺá˵ᰵļǡ
ֻý˻ȥ׼˵
˵˳ųᰵļһֱ۾ԽԽڣ˻ȥ
:Σ
Ťͷ˳һۣ֣⣬˵źλСֵԵ
˵Ļ䣬᰾͸оվԵĶ붯һ¡
ȻУ뿴վˣ뻻֪
ʱ򣬶˵ƾʿ϶ܹ֪жǿҲζ룬ῴЩȴ˵ʺɣô£
һƬžУ᰼źؿԼСֵܣûԵʦֵˡ
ӽ뷿俪ʼһֱĬĶȻɾܲͨһ£ҼҺͦŵġ
Щҳ˵ľǡҼҺӡĸ֣û뵽ѧˡ
ֻ˵ģһ˿˵ӡڷеļŵӲδʲô
˵λӣ治ǲͨڣǼҺǲϧһ;Ǹǡʡ
ȴȰʾֻҪǿ³ᰣʲôӦ
ᰵͷһﲻѾµʲôˡ
ɵʣЩȴ˵Ϲ϶ǳʲôĿġ¶Ŀ
Ȼڶļ£ûðӾ̾˿ðɣôĵķϣҾһΡ


16 
̧ͷͼӴӳȡһµСƿŵϡ
룺ǣ
ӵƿװŵģøɲƵĵҩϴ֮Ч
ŶܸȤɾ˼ǣֻҪƿĵҩҼҺӾɵʣ԰š
ӵͷ
Цһ˱лɾˡ˵ҪȥϵĴƿۼֹֿˡ
뿴ֱĴƿɾǺ⣿
ЦһλӣκĳСֻЩҩɲݼ۸ǲƣһССʿͷϡ
˵ЦŶ룬˼Զ
벻˵ûװӵ˼
˴۵СƬ̣ϵЦݽʧˡһƬĳĬС
ڣ̲סǰһӡ
ڶͷʱ򣬳ֵߣС˵ʦ˼ǣƿҩҪǮġ
뽫ƿĿ¶ԭ˵ɫ
ᰣ
룬ûôǿĻ˼䣬϶ᱻܶ˴ɡ
ӳ᰿Ūװӵ˼ȡһӷϣȴŴƿֻһ˫۾ֱص
ַһȥûҪƿӵݸ˼
üϼӽӡ
ϵĽԽԽ࣬ҲٿİӡЩذڷѵСɽˡ
ᰣǶԶһ˽⣬϶ڳûˡ

᰽ĿͶİϣû뵽Щ˾ͽ֮ơ
ͷɨ»Ļ
ųᰴӿջϵԷǰȥһ˳̡붪Ԫ󣬳̵ϰֱȡ˵ϵȵ
뵽һʱ´ǵԭʱڿǵװֻЩУһֻˮܷʵĴɡ
ϵĽѾѵúܸˣֻһԪ
ͿԱһСɽ
һԪҪϷţӵ㡭
뽫еĽȵذڷȥһСɽˡ΢΢ƫͷİһۡ
ǡҲڿ˵Ŀײһֻ΢΢۾۵׵ɫЩΣգλӣǲʲôط
ϸؿ˰һ϶
𣿡΢΢һЦֻ۵ײһ˿Ц⡣
ظоڵ¶ʶ߿˹ȥĵЩ
ȴɫ糣ûиܵϵɱЦʣɾЩƿҩ
ӱ׼Цݵʱ򣬶΢΢һ١
¶ȷɫתת飬Ƭ̺Ц˹ˣӣƿҩȥɡ
ֽӹӵݹĴƿջֵʱ򣬰ӺȻס
һûģѵ˲ʲô
ǸоᰵĽţ붯Ȼؽһִֻڳ᰼ϣʾ԰ꡣ
§Ŷ룬Ҳûнסջأüɾ
ɿ֣ٿʱ۵׵Ц࣬ڽŵҲһЦʧˡ
ӵĪ⣬ֻǿͲӦλСֳֵܵɡҷֻ뿴ΣǺʣֵܶ˿һͬţԺҲ÷ֿˡ
ֵûʲôӦʣɾãʺ𣿡
¶źɫҡҡͷ
һƿﵹһŵҩϸҳأ
ӵӣⵤҩֻܸƺͯʣǲԷʳġ
̾ҩװ˻ȥ
¶Ǹεı飺ʵڱǸҲڻδȷʵʱͽ˵ϣ֡
ĵǸʵ⣬ȴüʵڲϲ
ԼǺ֮ͯаӵɾ˵Ǵ˴ͽֻСӵģҸѾѽ
֮⣬ˡ
˳ᰵĻӵɫȻ΢΢һܿ˹ȥЦ˵ǣǴͽպͯʲĳˣҲһȥġ
գźĴ۾ԭѽɾԲҸոջΪƭء
Цƭʲô⺢ӿͦ飬ϲպ󰡣ǳʦֵܣʲôѾҡ
᰹ɵӦһģļãֻƽǰһСһСˣЦŵģϲһ˿ͯеĻ볯
ƽȫͬСͽܣ۵֮ɫһ촽ᰵԴ
̧ͷ˶һۣ򴽣û˵ʲô
**
Ӹ˵ƿֻһŵҩмǲ˷ѣȵŲʵǰһ¾С
᰿һ϶ѵø߸ߵĽɽֿһ۶Ĵƿɫ̫ÿ
ôǮһҲ̫ˡ
ֵҩպˣĪ˵ǱͱȥҪܷҲԵˣ𣿡
ᰵͷֿ룬ͷʾᱣܵġ
¶Цݣպ˼ϾУǳȥɡ
һԵ˵ͷλ
һ¹ǰ壬ʶЩ˵ĳªʶ뽫Լ˵뿴Щ˵
һﲻתԺһڴ¥ռʦǸ˵ġ
ᰡ⣬һȥˣ
᰼ɲصͷ͸еԵĶŲһ١ɻƫͷͼڡ
Ҳſȥͼ̰ȥϵĽӣͳᰵעӣ˻ȥͿһʲô𣿡
빴һЦС


17 
˵Ϊʲôǽȥôʱ䣿
ѽⶼһʱˣ˲ǶͦģôǶô
ԷվˣǿŽյķţǽꡣ
ʿȰ˼κҲеܲסˡ̧÷ţʦ֣ʦ֡
ھĵأӦ̾ջ֡
˵ɾҪȥʲô
˴ҵһͬѽɾҪȥʣ
˿Цһ뵽κȻƢɲóȻȥҷŽȥˣǸߣе㲻ŵ·ӿǼõģӦֻ
κȻƵҪͷóȻȥ
˵λ԰꣬λʲôĵһȡ
һͷֵɣҲվˣϢһ°ɡ
˰κ͹ϹƬ̣ƺܿҪˡ
˱һͨŰ˿
һȣǴʱȺٴνҲ˹ġ
С˵ɾ᲻ѽҿղŽȥͦԾġɾȻߣҲ̫ˡ
Ǿǡ
ǻ˰ɣ
˽ǽ̸ڶУ̲סü΢΢ƫͷһ۽յķţ󽫶ϡ
ڴϸ΢춯˺ȵ
κȻ
һ߿ţʱɫ΢΢һ䡣ֻڵŵӶӰڷϡ
ʿﻹŲκȻеĲ˳ʱɫǵͨ죬һ˫۾⣺죬ҷ
ʿعڣٶȽ˷
κȻͷڵϣش
ɨһڣֲûд򶷵ĺۼɻʦ֣ô£˭ɵģǲˣ
κȻ㴭̧ͷĿؿǰˣǣûпȥˣ
κȻʿһ£κȻõ㻰أưˣ
ʿعҡͷһֱ棬û뿪䡣
˶٣СĵؿκȻɫǸʦ֣ҪҪȰ
Ļû˵꣬⴫һĺͯ
ƭӡС˵
κȻüͷһ壬̧ͷŵķ򣬾ͼſڼˣһŷɫȹӵСָ˵ƭӡ
СָκȻƿָԵˣƭǮɡ
κȻһͬʱĵȼŭ
ֻͬϣֱīˮдšƭǮɡĸ֡κȻ֪ԼҲУӦǸС֡
ƭӡ
κȻסգԵʿͺŹϡ
ǡʿæſڿֵİɢˡ
ţͼκȻ֪ʲôʱѾվմ˱ˮ
κȻϵ֣һ뵽ʲô鿪룬ͼԭذڷʮСƿӰͬЩյƱͽҲˡ
κȻɫһ໰ֽ̧ϵıīֽͱɨ˵ϡ
ʿκȻˣԵͷһҲҿԡ
κȻ飬Ҳ顣Ҳʲô취һҪ˸ץ
**
ʱκȻϵĶͳᰶˣ뿪˾ԷһƧСͣ
᰽С̯ڵϣֻװʮСƿκȻһģһ
ᰵһŵҩ͵ţ̧ͷʦЩҩ˶᲻к
뽫еҩ˹ȥҲҩͨ˷úȷʵԸʣɹƭʯ
۾ͼЦ˵ЩʱġҩЧһȻͨˡ
뵽κȻšüŲͨˣЩһٴǹֵҩʦЩһӶҩô
룺ע;ԵƾЩҩǿ΢һҲӹӹµµֻжֻȣЩӻɡ
šüһȴӣҪ취׬Ǯҩ⻹ͨˡκôΪǮ¡ǻһ𣿡
ͷֻһжһԪ˵ͽΪʦ֣ܶ˶ϲǮĶ
ᰵͷռһ˼֪ʶΪʦҲϲǿܶණء
ᰣ
Ĭһ᰾ûбҪ˵ʦӰƣȡ֮е֮ǲ׬ġ
ֲһ°ͣ˼һʣΪʦȡκ׬Ĳ֮ƣΪʦǾ𣿡
ᰵʦκƭĶǰյѪǮҲûֻǮǲã뻹Щա
뿴˳һۣ֣̾ðɣġ
лҪ˵żˣ϶ܺ
뺿һɤӣҴҵרղ߹
л^O^


18 
ҪǮЩƭİգ֪ǮҩЩˡκȻҲǣŪѾ޵ץǡ
Դˣ벻ΪȻ˼ֻҪκȻץһ٣ʳ𰸾ͺˡȴͬô
ΪʦϪŵĹϵҲŲκȻЩټƭˣ뽫κȻ£ŵĳߡʱŹ洦
˳ᰵ뷨󣬳Ƭ̣ͽȻô֣Ǿ͵ǻţҩ֮˵
̧ͼ䴽һЦʮŵģֻҪǷҩΪʦܿ
۾һĻʱֻҪ˵ǮǣǻؼҾˡ
ȶ᰷Щҩ°ЩκȻ֤Ҫúñ档
Сڱϵʱ򣬳᰺Ȼ뵽ϰ˵ŵˢɿģûзŵĴ㡣
룬ôຢӣΪǮҩ
ôİõʹЩմ˱ѪǮأ˯ʱ򣬲ج
벻ףСãĬĬվԣͿһֻ̽½󣬽߳˳
뽫߸ᰴãְԼƵͷϵĺǣᰵ֣߰ɡ
ֻһر䣬ȴʮְġ
**
ͳκȻеҩǲκȻܼˡߣ췢˵£κȻҲûʲôл;㲻ˡ
ᰲκȻͬУǰȥ͵
͵Ϫ֣ϻϪûеĶһϵ۾ˡ
ôˣҲû顣
ĬĬһʱ䣬κȻ˻Ҫųǿ͵졣
Ȼܿ죬᰾ͺˡ
ʱգ۾͹ں߿ŵĴɶ벻Ըߡ˵ǻҪںƯʮ£Ϊʦ׷ǡߣͽܣǵǱȥǸϷɵʲô
ᰱһ·Զ뺣ߣεؽĿӴƿһиɫķݣε̾˿
˵ʦǸзݡ
ʣݺ𣿡
ҡͷû
²ãһȥΪʦ档
ᰣԼ档
죬Ŷ뽫͵ϵزȫһ飬ҲĲˣزС
ǲòˡΪϵǮˣ׼ȷ˵ʣһ㡣
ʱͳᰶվںߣʪĺʣһöͭᰴ۵Сۡ
öͭǮǴ¥Щħͳġ
ãʣͽҲҪǮİɣ
һĿӶеͭƿ۾ϣʣʦʣµǮˣ
룺ǣдκǮ
æʦǱǮܶ
ͷΪʦ֪Ӱȡ֮е
ߵһҴҪˣϵ˳ͳᰴƣҪˣ
ᰵ壬ǲ߰ɡ
ϵĺһЦҿվΪҪء
᰿ЦһʣµǮ֧ѡ
ͣĴ½½ˣͽܡ
ӦһʣӺϹȥǴϹȥ
̧ö϶뺬Цۣ֪˻ɣԶǻʶ·ɹȥȻʵӺϣûд
˼һʦϸһʣ˵ĴӺϡߣʲô˼𣿡
ЦһȻſƣ᰿ʲôз˳ȥٶ̫죬ûʲô
Щ󣬾ͰĿںϣڵȴʲô
ᰲԣҲſ档
һԶ쳣Ǳûдˮȴ˲᰺ܿˣˮжǶС߽ӽ
ߵҲע⵽˺ϵĶ׷Χ˹ֹһˮǶ¶ߣһֻ˶ĺꡣ
Ⱥз̾쿴쿴ôĺ꣬һǵһμ
⣬ٻһǧ˰ɣ
죬ͭǮԸ
Զԣ˲ãԸԸ϶ܱǷƵġ
᰿ǹεߣǳ븩ͷһ̬
᰿Ŷ룬̲ס΢΢۾ֻģ
ȣдһ̧ͷͼһֻ͵ĺȶų䵽˺걳ϡ
ҲƽĺҪࡣ
᰼ǰԴǳ࿴װͰ͵Ĵ۾ֺõĲ˲ġ
ųᰣЦͽܣϲһ
˵ĴӺߺʹʲô˼ˡ
ǰ˳Ĵͺ꣬ᰶԶݲɸˡ
ᰲ˵һ顣
᰻ع񣬵ϲ񡣡
ϴֻ̫࣬ȥֻ»ܶ˵ΧۣŪû鷳
෴Ϸɣôߵľ룬ֻܿһСڵ㡣ң᰺ϲеĿС
á˳ᰵĻش𣬶ͷԴЦǾ鷳ˡ
͵ͽһԴ˲֣˳ض
֣߰ɡ
ɺ󣬳ᰵͷһۣͼ뺣뿪ˣ·ֵȻӿǡ
źԽԽߣ·Χ۵ڳ･һСڵ㡣
߶ȣ᰿Ը͵ĵ׵һҪɵͷ
ڶ뻳о˵ͺɴʱȴһμʱǰ־塣
΢ķ洵᰻ͷʣʦҲ𣿡
ЦȻʣǱĻһΪġ
лҪ˵лΪͶƱӪҺСʹŶ~
л[ӪҺ]Сʹ
 2ƿ
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


19 
պ
һ졣
ŵļ£һӴҴ˽
׵һɫ۵ˣһŲŭ˵ʱе䣬˴ĵ⡣
ü˴æ
ʶһ²ӣ̬ȹκϣ˵ĿһһԵˡ
ɫҲˣֻ˸˵ĸоȫͬϴЦ̬ʮֿס
ЦΪ㿴ңĪǷ֮ҵģ
ǡɫЩţеһԲݸˣݳϣ˵Ķ
ݺͿŵʱɫ΢΢һ䡣УǼĶţ
ݺͷԸ죬
ЩΪѵĿһ׵ˣݺѾȲˣˣȥ
ݺߵһʮҵİŮӣ׷ȥʦ֣ȵңҸһȥ
ݺŮ뿪һվСĵκƽɫκʦ֣
κƽһ֣Ļһȥɡ
**
һ¡
ͷŸƵؽݣĬĬĵ׹жߡ룺ǲ񷽲һĻ˫ȥҪ೤ʱ䡣
վںһ͹ľʯϣͷ¿ʲôһͽܣǱվˣ
˹ȥͼв֪ʱһ㣬ˮﶪͷ¿һۣͼӿˮԾ붪ȥĸм
һᰣ᰸սӹȥȻƳУӡ
ʦˡ
뽫һмȥŻͷһۡȻͼӷԾˣǶٶȼ죬գۼ͵ǰ
һһŮеսվԭؿŶ룬ɫڼɫ죬ǰһᰵ
Ӽ붯ˣһξӨǰ˶һӵ
뱾ֻܿǳ᰾ˣ᰾͵ȥˡ
ݺ§룬ɤ⼸ȥʲôطˣ֪֪Ϊʦܵ㡣
⻰վڶĳ۾ǰʦʦԭʦŵˣΪû
ʦϵ׷ʲô
ݺͺܿſ˶룬Ĩһ۽ǣΪʦʧ̬ˣ⼸㻹𣿡
Ϫʱӣ𣺡á
ݺ͵¶κ۵ɫ죬ȴʲôû˵ֻĬĬᡣ
һԵİŮӿŶ룬ֿݺͣҲ̲סۿǰʦ֣ջһ·;ͶһˣǻȴȥϢɡ
ݺæԶԣȻϸȥɡ
Ȼ룬ǰʲôʦһֱǸúӣ֪ûЩ£ͺãķʦֻһֱΪš
뽫˵ĻڶУû˵ʲôֻͷ
ĥȻе˼˽ĿͶϡ
Ȼųᰣʵǣ
뽫ᰴǰҵͽܡ
Ȼݺ͵ע£ǰһ̬ȹᰰݼʦݼʦ档
ݺЦǿģãúӡ
ȻЦڳǰϸ˵ᰣʦ棬ˣ
ᰴ𣺡ꡣ
Ȼ¶ɫЦûϵպţʦһİװ֣߸ߴġ
ᰵллʦ档
ᰶԡȻվʮȻǣᰵ֣Цŵߣʦȥ
ݺҲԶ߰ɡ
Ӧһֻǻȼ˶һŭ쳹ܣ裬˹㻹
̧ͷͼһмΪ׵һ׵ˣ󻹸ʮŵӡЩغ󣬽Χ
ᰱ۾ͬʱЩܡ
˽ʦ衣
裬Ϫ
ԭϪʦĻԭ֡
ᰲǹڹԼΪ꣬ʦȴһ㶼˽⡣
ȺħϮ˴ӣʦһӶ֪ʦԭŵĵӡ
**
ݺͿˣκʦ֣ʲô˼
κƽؿݺһۣû˵
һ˳ʦ֣֪İͽʲôҲ֪ˣٴ̤ţ
ݺ͵ʦܣǰǼǱԩģ˹ݺ
ԩݺκƽȻڣϬĿݺϣʦܣǰİӿġΪڵһԱӦ֪ڴӲԩٴ
ݺüκƽħ年ᣬкͬţ¿֤ģĿߵ֤ʻڵľءǰ϶£ʦܣ㻹ҪΪ𣿡
׿κƽվԼߣͦţǰһʦ֣ݡɽɷʿħ年ᣬҪ̵ġִҪͷĲڿɶ׸ˡ
׿ȻŭΪô˵Ļ걻һΪ١ 
׿Цһռıˡ˾õôҲûԸⱣǰ
Ȼ׿㣡
׿һκƽɫߣʦʦֲĵȥʦ֣ʦҲŹ
ʦƣ豻ҲԸϣǿʲôһԾʹʧˣһ߾ꡣͻȻ˭֪ǲڳﻮʲôıơ
׿˵Ȼע⵽վȻߵĳᰣһС˭
׿˵Ҫȥץᰣᰲϲ˴׵Դǣüͷ΢壬Ҫ˿ȴһӰǰ
Ƕ롣


20 
׿ͻȻǰˣһ
´׿ۣ˵ҲСˣ˵£ŻСʲô
׿ɴ۾ŭʦ壬˸˵
ͷСҿź񲻻ӭǣͽܣҪ߰ɡ
᰻ûش𣬾κƽʦܣѺȥˮΣȴ˴½ʡ
׿Ӧһʣκʦ֣ҪҪϱڣ
κƽãʹʲôͼʱٽҲ١
׿ͷʮӻֵ¡
ֻݺнһڶǰҿ˭Ҷ
ݺĶŭ׿Գɵɫһʱǰ
κƽؿڵʦܣʦֱչأŵһҴҵ͵ͬţΥŵ𣿡
ݺһãκƽʦһѺȥʦֳغ
Ȼšϸüκʦ֣ŴûгΪ٣һͨˣˮкأԲġ
κƽ̾ʦãҲҪΥҵ𣿡
ȻĬƬ̣Ȼҡֻκʦ֣뿪ôãڻԭġȻϣ˼ԵɣĪҪԩ
˶ֲô˵ʦֶ
λκƽĬˣãϵɢЩĿڶϣã㣬Ϊһﲻ뿪ţΪλ
ڳ˶룬ЩǣĴ𰸶Ȼ֪Ŀ֮£ֲܲش
֪Ǻã˵ͽ뵽ſҾʹˡ
ᰣȻ֪˵ʵ⻰ôô˺ޡ
̧ͷһκƽȻͼɫȥ
æǰȵʦ棬ʦ˵ţ˵ǣҾʦˡ
׿۾ѵΪſʹˣôΪǻţ
ʦȻΪ뿴ţʹһ
᰽ĿתݺϣʦȻʦϲ˵֪һֱ˼˼ң֮ԻͬΪ
֪еǣǿôȶǼ򵥵һ仰Ҫࡣ
Ȼ˳ᰵĻݺ͵ۿ̲סֺˡκƽȻΪ
ҲκƽָֻŪһ³ᰶǰͷͷˣڼȻѾˣǾȸˡͽܣ߰ɡ
ᰵͷǻ뿪Ϊ£ݺ㡣
ᰶݺͣȻ˵ʦʦ棬ˡ
ֻǸոתû߼κƽ𣺡𣿡
ִŵΧ˹ǰλεĳͳת
κƽŶ۾裬ǰһ뿪ţͻȻǲܸһŷɣˮ뿪תͷȵʦܣ¡
׿Ӧһǡ
Цһӹʱû鷳£һ½Ҳϣŵ˱Щħǿһ㡣ֻ붯֣͸оСͽץס°ڡ
봹ͼ۵״ſҡͷ
붯һ٣ţ
ᰡʣץŶ°ڵһ£ֺܿ߬ɲصͷ
Ṵħ壬ҪŪµ࣬ʦһס£ͱš
Щ˵ϣھһͨˣ˸ǶֵĻֻ¸Ͳˡ
ðɡᰡ˵ġ
۵һĨɫЩж䲻֪˵ݣЩӣ˶ĺҲһֱ
һֱԼЦͷκƽҷ˵Ķʵ㲻Ըţ֪Ĵ⡣
Ȼͳ˸κʦ˵
תͷͼȻݺǵĿνЦЦãҲ˵ǡ
κƽҵҪӲʲôʱ¡
ݺüͷһ壬Ҫ֣밴סļ򣬵û¡
ݺüͷɡ
Ӱбûʲô£ʲôɵĵġ
ɫ̹ȻȻǰݺһԣκƽκʦ֣ھһͨˣˮĲȥصС
κƽصңһ첻˵ʵһ첻ų⣬ûҵ κ˶̽ӡ
ݺͣȻ˵ʲôκƽòٶ˵һ֣Ҿ˰صˮС
ݺͣȻֻñ첻˵ˡ
ǰɨһŵ˰ɣֲܡ
лҪ˵룺ţʱ


21 
ɣϻһ˿Ц⣬׵ģע£ȴ¶ηɫ
ݺһѳеӣԣûҪ
һһ죬Ĺ۲ϵľ£һǰǽǹ컹ɫ˵ĸоѹ֡
ȥ󣬳̲סһ¸첲¶ȱҪࡣ
һͷ׵߼κƽˣһԵС˳᰿Ϲ˺ܶԿף֪λǴ˵صĹߡ
׿˵˼ʲô᰾ͼĿɨ
߿ʱ¶ɫܿƿĿ⡣
ߵɡ
м䣬ҿ˿кܶС䣬϶
һͣ˽Ų᰿תߵֱߵһǰ֣дǡʮ
Կ״򿪷ţ᰿һۣǷСģӶûС
ߵ΢Ĺ᰿ĵϷһţԱ߻һյ͵ƣ֮⣬ʲôûˡ
Ҳ룬ǳԾԽȺ̤˽ңҲȥֻǸߵű߾ͱݺסˡ
Ϊһٶڳ˵Ŀⶼ䵽ݺϡ
ݺɫȻκƽʦ֣ᰶСֺ䣬Ͳˣȥɡ
ȻҲǰ飺ѽκʦ֣ڽңᰶһ棬㻹ʲô𣿡
κƽᰣûüھ׿ǲУ⺢ģ˭֪
׿ӶεĶ⣬Ȼ̲ˣ׿ƾӦܹ⺢ӾǸͨˣһٶʦͽأǳʲôĿģĪй
׿۾ɵԲʦã⻰ʲô˼ʲôй
Ȼûʲô˼ֻ㣬ΪҪгӡ
׿㡭
ˡκƽش׿ݺ˵⺢Դߣڴ֮ǰл
ݺ֪κƽòˣͷվڽеĶģΪʦ취ġ
Ȼᰶ⼸չˣ㲻̫ġ
˵ţݺͣߡ
Ŷ˵ллʦʦĺ⣬ҪʦһҲȥ
Ȼᰶ㡭
׿һҿйκʦʰɡ
ͷᰣͼСŴһģ̲סЦ˵Ķԣ䣬Բģ߰ɡ
ҡͷ֪˵ı£ߣЩסΪҪôط
Щӵദ֪Ǹϲɵˡ
ھΣվǿҲߡ
ЦΪʦûҪҺܿͻȥġҡͷԺкȻ
ʱ䣬κҲ쵽ˣЩƭˣ
Щɣκƽ˵ģҪȴ˴½Żִǡ
һͬ˭ҷκȻĿ˭ЩƭһЩǮҲҪЩˡ
ɫЩɶЦͷᰡ˵õΪʦزסңһȥ㡣
̧ͷŶ룬ͼ۵Ц⡣飬ǰδϿ
֪ķֺ֣壬ʼնûҪ˼ѣʲôȫǰԼ
ţ˿϶Ҳ֪Ѿʲôʲôû˵
᰺ȻãҲͦõġ
˲˵ҲȥǾһֱʦͽ
ʹʦͽǼٵġ
ִӳͷƵļȥɡ
յ˵ͷ
ӽ뿪󣬳ᰱκƽݺͣ׿ȻҲڡ
ݺͶԳᰵúӣţʦ㻰ʵС
᰽ݺͣȻάĵůůģͷǣʦ
׿ʲôʦ棬ʦģɱҽУǿûŵĵӡ
ݺͽһ飬ҵĵӣᰶֻҵͷУҪϿɡ
׿µһ仰Ҳ˵
ˣҲˡ׵κƽųᰣ߶ˣ
ᰴ𣺡ꡣ
κƽ꣬ʲô
ᰣʦһֱ壬δ뿪
׿ô֪û뿪Сʱܼǵö١
᰺ܲϲ׿Ǵʦ棬ʱʦʱѾˡ꣬ȷʵһֱʦ塣
ʦ׿⧲һ£ֵܿ𣬱ҽУ˭˭ʦ档
κƽ׿ĴСУĿڳϣѱҷ֣ܳܵġ
ɫ䣺ǡ
ƽκƽ۵һ˿͵Ĺâת˲ţʣǴǸСʲô֣һȥ֤
ӡĲ״̲סһļ£һ۾ûˡ
κƽĶһ٣ᰵǰһȺħ.ǵĴӣ˶ɱˡҸʦ
˵òײӳֵκƽţڵĻˣҸʦ棬˴˺ϣصʱѾˡôʦԣһȥŷִ˶ˡ֪ǺħϮ˴ӡ
ݺ̲ס߬ȭͷʦ֣ǰȷʵħϮӵ֮⣬ǳû˵ѡ
κƽȻάı飺Ǹ壬ʲô֣ᰴˡ
ȻӡȷʵǼĴ֮һ
Ĭʱ׿ȻڵħϮӵֵô󣬺ܶ˶֪֪ӵ֣ʮּ򵥵£
Ȼ׿һۣ׿̲סӣǽеôʲôǺɡ
κƽȻ׿ǱߵĶһ˫ӥĿֻųᰣû˺Ǿͳˣ
ҡͷǣ˶ûˣʦʹ뿪ˡǡһ̴ӣʦһ̡ţǺġ
˵̴׿Ȼ뵽ʲô˵ȺħϮһ̴ϧиȺħץˡ룬Ǹħĸֽʲôţգա
˵ţ۾ᰣҲôɰɣ
κƽ˵ĿҲɨ˹͵һסҪȥץ°ڵ֣Ŭά򶨵ı顣
Ȼ׿⻰ʲô˼ѵ㻳
׿޹ûаֻǾҲ̫ˡǴ̴ǡ㲻ỳ𣿡
ݺ͵ʦˣ̴ڶ࣬˵ĻǱϮһңߣΪôЩ׼ħĶ֡
˶٣һ߻ħ年ᣬһ˵ץħѵì𣿡
׿һ죬˵ħ年ġ
ݺŭĿɨ׿ʼգûгϹħᡣ
׿ЦӲˣʵͰѵڻԩɣ˵ʦ֣ҿ㣬ôΣʱǰһʧ¡
ݺŭ㣡
κƽüͷһ壬ȵˣ졣
Ȼݺ͵ӣ۾ƽϢŭ¡
׿¶΢ЦĿתᰣŵĻ⣺벻ǣС֪ˡǣƷЩħǲ裿
лҪ˵лΪͶƱӪҺСʹŶ~
лͶ[]СʹEquites 1
л[ӪҺ]Сʹ
Equites 8ƿperrywa 5ƿ
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


22 
᰿׿۾϶Ĵ𣺡ʦ棬ǴˣƷЩħһλɾ˵ˮŵˡ
ݺ͹еħϮĹǴҴ
ᰵͷǣɾڣҪȻϵ˾Σˡ
׿˵ʲô ͼκƽã֪ˡ⼸͸ʦ߰ɡ˵վ׿ֹ
κƽһڣ׿ѺЩħȥڵģȷʵ
׿
κƽǶȥɡ
**
ᰲ֪ⷬ˵κƽ˶٣뿪ʱ򣬻˿
᰸ݺ͵ľ塣
·ݺ͸᰼˵һŵһλϣ㶼ˡʦֻڱչУʱ
ᰵͷĴľֻ˴ƣ£ʮơ
￴ȥܿԶ߷壬һϿʻӳɽ嶼ǷɫģʮƯ
ע⵽ᰵĿ⣬ݺЦһӣ壬ӣ겻лʦסĵطסĶŮޡ
ٴεͷݺʹתһָһߴΡɽڷ壬סĵطڷԱߵƷ壬κʦסĵطǱߣǳ͵ɽӥ壬׿ס
ĬĬˣָǷĵط⼸ɽվĵط嶥ֱ.
ʣʦɽʲô
Ǿһ졣
һ죿
ݺ͵ͷᰶ֪Ϊʲôôɽ壬ţȴֻסһ𣿡
᰿Զֱ.ĸ߷壬ΪߣվȴҲΪ͡
ԡݺ۵¶ϲɫһЦ̵ĺܺá
򴽣ʦõʦ
ݺ͵ͷǣᰵּǰߣһŵ棬ﴦشҲһСˣʯҲһϡٹµӵ˾ͻˣʱһ𡣡
ᰵͷá
ݺ͵ĳᰶİĻϰߣͽԼķ䣺֮ǰʦϢɡ
ᰵллʦ
**
ȻܿҲ壬˺ܶóԵĵĹݺͷеӰڵġ
ᰵĶ룬ûʲôθڡ
ȻûʲôΪˣο䣬úϢ
óĵ׺ңͷ˴ʵû˯òװ̫ɽݺ
ͺܷʢݺ͸ʢһҲĿζ˶׼һ㡣ϲʲô͸ʦ˵
˵ллʦҳʲôСӽ˽࣬ڻ̲סʵʦʦ
ݺ͵µġ
뵽κƽǿӲ̬ȣЩģݺ͵ʦܣǰûܱһΣҲκ˺
ᰴӿǰݺͼиĲˣʦʦûйֹ㡣
ݺͿЦһ֪Ǻӡ
̾˿ȳԷɣһ͸ˡ
һݺ䣬һֻϺݺ̧ͷ˳һۣЦԼԾͺá
᰺Ȼ뵽ʲôʦ᲻᲻Եģ
ݺ͵ᣬֻǻʳһ㣬һ࣬ͷ⼸Ҫܿˣ˺úø
뵽޵ĿζͲ̫õʳ͸ˡ
뵽˵ҪɨһϵʳݺͲע⣬͵͵
᰼ǹŶ룬һֱû˯ֱҹ˵Ժ𣺡ͽܡ
һ˲˾񣬾棬ɡ
ͷµļݺͲԵĶʣôˣ
ᰵʦȥһé˵ŴӴڲ·ڵĵƾˡ
ݺۣһȥɡ
ᰵˣʦ֪éѾЬűߣԶԶشҺܿͻ
ʱҹţ紵ϻе䣬̲סϵ·
£»ϲûкܰһۿȥûҵӰ̧±ȥ
ӣ岻ֵͬĲӣǱĴ
᰽Ҫ±ߵʱ򣬺һ仨ϷƮֽסǷɫӣ
һ̧ͷͼһӣ֦ϳ֡ᰵ۾һӾˣǰʦ
Ӧһ֣𣿡
ڶŶеӣ֦ʣʦ㵽ӣȥˣ
ԭǽӣ塣ҷŹʱ򣬿⻨Ư͹ȥһ֦ϲ𣿸㡣
ǽӣ֦ллʦʣʦôģĿزᷢ𣿡
ֲˡ
ŶȻ뵽ʲôӻｫ˳ʦԷ𣿡
ؿϣ֪뵽ʲôûԡĻʳ̫ˣ硭
û˵꣬ͿСͽСץһ˹ҵģ
ᰵͷҲ㡣
ֻӹһһ԰ɡ
ҡͷҳԹˣ
ҲͲ˵ʲôϽˣԶٶȺ̬Ҳšе㲻˼֪Ͳ׼ˡ
ڣ뽫ˣ᰽һҲ˹ӹȥȴûԡ
ƫͷеɣ´γ԰ɡ
Щգˮˡ
ЦһûϵǵøΪʦԵģҺܸˡĳᰵļ磬ˣжʱˣȥɡ
ʣأ
뽫һֻԺ̬УҾ˶òãǱһЩõңĶ˯
򴽣̲סʦκʦ浽ǳ㲻ô˵
üᰶ˶٣ŵЭζ٣ڵʱ㲻Ҫ˵
áǾֻ˵ΪʦĺܷǸ׿ģʱúʰһ١
ᰣ
ˣȥɡ
ᰴۻʦ㻹𣿡
ͷ
һһᰱع
֮ǰĴתתںɽ˼ҩĵӣӦǰнģǡ
ᰵǵôˣʲô
°ͣҲûʲôԣǾѪе
ü˵ҩ޺𣿡
޺в֪ʲôʱһöͭǮͭǮ£߶ҩ£ҩЧ쵽ˣҪ׬Ǯɡ
˵ųᰣ۵дɻ󣺡ͽܣΪʦǵ˵ѪǮѵЩ׬ǮѪͺģ
üͷ΢ҡҡͷû˵ʲô
ֿϣŪöͭǮ⼸շ£ȥһɡ
һ


23 
ڶ᰺Ͷǿ¼档
ᰴ׼õĵĺˮ˺뿪죬Ƕ㣬Ҳû˷֡
ڣµӵ½ˡ
죬վڴ߶顪¿ͷݺ͵Ĳ飬ݺͼϲȡһЩǽܸط飬һЩǽܸŵġ
᰿ٶȺܿ죬ûͰݺ鿴ˡ鷳ݺͣͼݺ͵Լܿ顣
ճһݺ͵洫ᰶ
һһ͵˵ϣȥȻע⵽һ顣ϻ˻ҳӲȻԿ֡ż¡
᰸뽫ݺѾѰ˹ᰶѽߣʦȥ
ݺ˵ùڼϣͳȥˡ
ʣʦȥ
ݺͣһµѾˣʱһ켯ϣҴȥ
᰸ݺһ죬Ȼͼյվˣ͸ĺӡ
ɨһȺ᰺ܿͿվǰκȻƫͷߵ˵ʲôϴŵЦݡ
᰿һκȻĺӣʮ֮ࡣŤͷݺͣʦȻ˶ˣʲôʱѽ
ݺЦ𼱣Щ۳Ͷ٣϶ۻˣҲҪ
ܿʼ
죿ᰵͷʱˡ
ЩӺܿ챻ȥԶκȻûп
ϣ᰾ͽϢ˶롣
뿿ϣһС棬Цãȥɡ
ڶ죬ԲݺΪɣķа˳᰼֣ݺֻͬˡ
ҹɫŨڵ£һߵȶ룬һ߽еġż¡һҳ
ݺ³һڷ̫ƣ˼᰾ͽܵ»ҵġż¡ˡ
ûҳ⴫֨һ죬̧ͼӱƿˣվڴ⡣
۾һϣ߹ȥʣʦô֪
ЦʲôطҶҵһƫͷ߰ɡ
ᰵͷ۸һ뿪ˡ·ϳе㵣ģʦ᲻ҲڷУ
ǿȥء
ЩӱʲôطԺɾǵס
жѸݣҲ˵ϻֱӽҩĺӴһƧڡ
ЩӴ˯бѵʱ϶¶˾ı飬ᰰǣ£ǲǻˡ
֧һСͽ磬Щӵľ
ĺһͨˣûɵʣӸһ㲻ҩҲǿ̤;ġ
᰿ϸ׽۵Ƥ֪Ǽп϶ܸУǸκƭǵǮ˵ʲС
ʵĺӣƤڣȴʵӦͨ˼ҵĺӡ
һİװ֣׳ʵĸһСɽƵģǰһվһŶѿˡ
СϹųźɫıʯҹɫҲɢŹâϴ.Ҳ˿ʵӣĵӦþϪ׸żҵĺˡ
Ӽ룬ûҪ˺ǵ˼㰲ֻ۵Щ¡
һƤڵкһվԱߵĶ룬ûҪǵ˼ʳᰣʲôˣ
СӶ棬ϣ϶ǡħ壬롭뺦ǡ
һӵɫøˡ
æˣǲħ塣ҸһҲյĵӡ
ǰ˵Ǹкϸųᰣ۾ȻһҼǵ㡣ֿ˶һۣҼǵǡǰκɾһ١
˵¶ɻı飺ȻҪţΪҪκɾԹҿŵĵλͣЩͬһĵӶǾͲ¡
ᰵǸκľһƭӡκȻüҩƭǮ˵һ飬и˵Ļ
ᰵĻ϶¶ȵı顣
һӵʲôҩõģһžͻ˼еǮҪŪǮȥ
һӵѽҩʱǿɴûǣⲻƭ𣿡
ǸӽŵңҩҲֻײĵӡҰžΪܻ⣬Щ˵ɫЩۻǵﻹҪһ£Ըؼȥܷĸ
˶ֵ˵ʱãܳΪ̡ɴҩά΢һӶܳͷˡ
ǰʳ᰻кüЦһǼ֣ҲɹֻǷɵջ̫Щ˵Ƕˣԡ
һӵǴǲ˵Ƕûɵʣ
ǡָָվмƤ׾ĺӣǿԡ
¶ϲı飺𣿡
ᰵͷκļǼǮƭǵġʵǲҩҲǿġ
ӿĵκļֱ̫ɶˣȻƭǡôˡ
վСӼǰأǲҲɣҲƭңдڴֲżֵֻš
ֹˣСӵɫס
²̣࣬ĺҡһСŵĴүһİţô򵥵¶ȴҪʹȴӣЩֻ
΢Щ˵ĸ࣬Ҳ˿ϡ
Ҫ˵ڱˣֵûС
ǵ͵ĻǮܣ·ŵκϣ˭ܽܡ
Ȱο䣬СЦһҿǲƭӰɡҿ˵ˣµź󲻾ҪμӱԵģ϶پ֣ԲŻˡǶƭߣóΪһ
šüһԵĶЦһǶڣҼͽҲǵһ
:ڶΣѹô
᰿ԼһüҵͽֻǵһòΪʦ͸Ͼʦͽϵ
ǳ˳飬ʦڲ˵Щʱɣ
վڳǰкʦȻѾʦΪλҪţ
ᰣʦŵĵӣǻϪвѵԭ򡣡
кϸᰵɫƬ̺ͷǽ˵
ĬһкȻͬСӷ˵ĻҲйǣ˵ƾ֤ҩǼٵģ
Ҳŵͷѽ˵ƭأ
һ㶣Ҫ֤
վǰк룬֮зݵ֮ܣŵɾ϶кܴı°ɣ
ͷȻŵ˼ҵĶ֡
ᰣһ¶䣬Сʦǫһ㡣
дšǺֻ̾˿
ˡ


24 
Ҳû뵽ôվǰк˺һŵ˵ôǿǾûƭǡ
ֻͨˣһǿ󵽿ѹǵˣǲмƭǵġ
ͷáֻſƣһзɳֱǰֺ
֮Щľȫȼת˲ϰٿľȫýڣ˿ľ
Ӽ״̲ס۾
Цûء
£ЩľսĲֿʼ䣬ǳ֦ѿ̶ϢЩľָֻ˲
󣬿иҶˬϢ
ţƬֺһѻȼˡ
ת ͼǼȫŴͣһļ
ڼʶ˶ı⼸Ӷ˵ʲôˡ᰿ϵı飬֪ŷˡ
ΨżҵСӣǺҲԸų᰸룬˵ƭӡ
޷Ǿ͵գ֤ǿ˭ƭӡ
ԴˣĸҲʾͬ⣺еλͣ¾СˡҪΪԼһҲҪΪǰƭָűһ
СǶͷǵĿСϡ
СӳĬһԶȻôţҾ͵ſ˵ģЩĸƭңһưոݵģҵǮˣҲҪúʰǼƭӣ
ЩӶǽͨˣ˿ͷá
Ӹ󣬳᰾ͺͶ塣
᰷ķŵƣ²һ뿪ʱϨ˵Ƶġôˣ˭ʲô
ز˳ᰵ仯һɨˣ£еݺ͡
ݺ͵֣˿Զ˵ʦʦӦǲһ˯ҡȹȥˡ
ͷá
᰿첽ǰǡ÷ű˴ˣݺüͷ΢վſڵĳᰵʱɫһɣϵĵ֮ɫȥᰶ㵽ʲôطȥˣ
ӣҡҹʦôˣ
ݺ͵㲻ϰߣҹ˯ο͹㡣
ûУҺܺáСĴݺ͵ɫʦ೤ʱˣ
ݺ͵Ҹûã㲻ڷУЩġУͷϢɣһ绹Ҫԡ
ᰵͷᰶʦ
Ŀݺ뿪󣬳ᰲŻص䡣
Ϸţһתͼ벻֪ʲôʱˡ
ʮȻһɣҪ˯
Ȼû飬ʦͽ˿һһ
**
ڶ졣
᰸ݺһ죬ͼյվˡЩĺ⣬ĵҲ֡
Ⱥյĵм䣬̧ͷǰͼڷżӡ
Ŷһһεºӣ˳չδ⣬λȫڳ
ݺͣȻ˾ǼӺ档
ᰵĿǡݺײһݺͳЦЦɫ쳣顣򴽣ݺ͵ͷ
صŵ£⼸Ѵ˾֪һСͽܵ¡
Щ˶صСͽʮֺ棬ֻǳһֱϣЩûеŭݺͣԳ᰹˼찲
Щĵӣ˳ݺ͵Ŀⷢ˳ᰣһʱ𡣸ָĿͶڳϣв¼ɣе⣬дǿֵġ
վͦñֱϵıû˿仯ͺûиоЩͶϵĿһ
Ȼ᰸оһϣתͷȥͼκȻص
߶ϵʱκȻ¶һĨЦݣ̧ھǰһһɱơ
ƿĿ⣬ֻװû
κȻǸԵļȻҲ˳ᰣ϶¶㷵ı
һ˵ԭ˾裬ô꣬˺ö࣬Ҷûϳʦ֣ǿ֪ҩ£Сǽͱȥǿôѽ
һ˵ѽǱλ֪ǿ϶Բ˶ߡ
ŸƨκȻͷط˸ۣ豻ץû˻СǴ϶Ὣ˵ȥҪȻ
û˵ȥ沿ȴʵ뷨
ΧκȻߵļʿĬһһС赽ô£ȻѾˣʲô
ѽѵ֪һκϲŹ
ǰ£һֱûħ年ᡣĿŵĻ˵᲻Ǳԩģ
⣬ɣʱۿɱͬŵģ֤ڰԩɣ
֤ûò˵᲻Ǳ˹Ūģ


25 
Ϲ˵ӷ͵ҩĵҩΪ̫ܲסġըˣʬ嶼ûȫأҲǲҡʱȥֳµǻ찵صģһ춼ûԶ
˵£һֱ벻ͨ˵ʲֱأö˶˵͵ԵҩʲôǱץסˣҪġ
㿴ֱȲ滹ȼءӱҪڵаεͷɲ͵͵ҩ
ôһ˵Ҳûе㡭
κȻǳͷɫҪĵǱȥģҡ
Ǽ˸κȻü꣬ǵһμ˱꣬˽һ񣬺ܿˡ
κȻκƽһϵκȻӺκƽҲͲ
κȻЩ˳ˣûԹʲôǰձǰ裬˱Ҳ
һǼϵɫһɣһתת飬ʦ֣ҺȻһ¡
κȻ۾ΣյĿһۡ
˱ĽŵһڿˮãκȻһͷʾ˵
˵ǰľǱ𣿿ϪʱΪ
⻰κȻ۾͵һ
СĵشɫʦôĶ֣Ȼ
ԣκȻĥݣĿڳϣȻһЦֻ¾˾ǻ֪ȥ˵ҵҪҪν¡
κȻ˵žκƽڵλȥֻǻδǰͱҲ֪˵˼ʲôκȻšüȥˡ
Ǽ˼κȻ˻ʣôˣ
κȻҪʼˣǲ˹ȥš
Ƕʦ֣û˵ǺҪ£鲻ã
κȻû£ڻţģȡ
κȻô˵ǼҲͲ˵ʲôˡ
һֱκȻǱߵĶκȻݺڵλȥʱ򣬱µʲô
ųᰴ嵽ţ˵һ·һ·Ϊע˶á
գ˯ԺʱȻ뵽£ͽԼĵ˵˳Ľţȴƽһϲǡ
뷭˸۾ûõģΪʦзӽ
Ȼеʱ̫ף漰ǰȫʱʮֿɿȻô˵ˣȻѡ
ܿ죬Χ̧ͼκƽλ˵ʦڱչУ˴β֡ʯ
κƽ£ŵǰǷֱռĸλдʣƬ̺󣬾ͼһͨڵľʯǰĿյϡ
Ⱥһɧ.С˵ʯͷģôͻȻͳˣ
վǺǰһ˵ɾǸ˵ˣûϸ
˵ˣʻǸͷе㲻˼Цң̫ˣֻĴûϸ˵˵ɣ
شǸ̾˿СƵ˵ɾ˵ʯƽնǱģһȻ¶ˡ
ʻǸӵһʯͷ𣿷ﲻˣ͵
㣬ΪʯֻǼ򵥵ʯͷҿ˵ֻȭͷСһʯֵƣҪ˵ôһˡܶСɶûⶫء
᰽ǵĻڶУͷǿߴʯľˡʯ̤ŵĵһ
κƽˬɴ࣬ʯֺֻ˵˼仰ԾͿʼˡ
һĵվʯǰ㵽ֵĺǰԺܼ򵥣ֻ轫ְʯϣʯϾͻʾʵȼ
һӺܿȥּҵȡ
Χ۵ŵӷ۵ܶ˵۵׶Ľɫ
ǸԵĺӿʯʾּֿЦɫڼ뽾
ܿһֵĺȥ
ǲԵٶȺܿ죬ʱڳԱߵĶ鶼ˡ
ŵñڲдʲô̧ͷеһڡ
֣ɫһתͷǡö϶һкǽŵĿ⡣
ڣеһ
ڣڲڣĵӼٳǰֽ˺ü顣
еʱڲŽ۾һգֵڣڡ
ǵӵˣɡ
򴽣Ȱᰣûпֻ΢΢ͷ˼
Ӽڲִ˺ü飬ŲΡΡ˹ȥ
ֻߵĵӸǰͼһСƿ๾Ľűߡ
ƿϵãκȻװҩƿӣʶתͷͼᰴӶ˳ŻŵؽƿӼ
ᰣڵ۾͵һ
һ˵ĿⶼͻȻĳϡ
лҪ˵лΪͶƱӪҺСʹŶ~
л[ӪҺ]Сʹ
Equites 4ƿ
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


26 
򴽣¶ŵɫС˼ңҶˡϻȥվá˵ŽСƿһ
վס׿סΪλ
ת׿ݺ͵ᰶҵͽҲŵĵӣʲô𣿡
׿Ȼ⣬ͻȻ뿪ͻȻ˭֪ʲôĿģڻû壬ĺţ˵꿴κƽʦ֣˵أ
κƽĿӳƿݺ͵ʦܣȷʵʧ
ݺ͵κʦ֣㲻ͬᰶ𣿼Ȼ
κƽشֻ׼ʱɴûϹŵˡ
ݺüŵĴӣҵͽܣᰶҵͽ
׿һʦ֣ЦҲʦʹͲĵأ
֮ǣ費׵ģһᱻʦš
ݺŭ׿㣡
κƽȻ֣
ᰱ߹ȥһʦ档
κƽʦûʲôӦųᰵ۾֪ǸĺӣʦڵӦףǲ㡣
ᰶʦ޹ġ᰻κƽӣĿû˿ʦ棬ºҸʦǲǾͿˣ
κƽһû뵽᰻˵ӳһͷȻ޹Ļ
ЦӦһãᰶ͵ʦ
κƽջĿ⣬ʦܣ⣿
ݺͳ֣úӣʦ
ᰱ˹ȥݺֵһȽˣʦһȥһ
ᰵͷá
Ȼ˰˸ӹᰰ棬ˣһЩʱ䣬¿ʼˡ
׿ٴγ
׿ĿڳϣȻϸüʦ֣㻹ʲô£
׿ЦֻǺȻ⺢ӺһʲôûĻӦһСƿӰɣƿװʲôܸǿһ𣿡
Ȼϵ׿ʦͽĵ⣬һץס£׿ʱ򣬳᰻˿
ûʲôƿǿյģҾġ˵ſ׿һֺۣܿ쵴ߣס½
ģôôɣ׿۾̧һץǸСƿʹӳ᰻з˳ȥ
վҪƿӶ׿ѾסƿӲҡ˼¡
׿Цﲻװ˶𣿡˵ŰοƿĶ˳һöɫҩ衣
׿ǿҩ͵ǰᣬɫ΢΢һ䣬˳һۣתͷκƽ˵ȥˡ
ᰴ۽ޣ۵׻һĨ⣬վΧκȻɫ˲ࡣ
ߵļҲһ˵ôҲ̫Сˡ
κȻһֱ׿ǱߵĶִ̧˵˵Դһ£ɵ.С..Ӱ˾ǹġ
ǹģɫ£ǲš
κȻɫ䣬˵أСӴüˣȴûн¸ʦ棬ԭǵС£ǵһءǺǣǺơ
Ŀ֮£ŵĳǿ϶ϲ£һ
κȻζ벻ᱻһСëƣպ޵ͽܣһթƻ
ߵļʿѻһ˵ʦ֣ôѽ
κȻĿڳСӰϣĥЦ棬ͱΣǿɱˣĵӡŵȫǳģ˭
ɻмҲҩɽǰĵҲһֱûͣҩֻҪһ飬϶ס
ǰȺͱҴȥʹĻȥˣҲ˶ֽţܲġ
˵κȻ촽һ䣬۵ǵ֮ɫֻҪЩˣ⼸СվΣ˭֤ҩǴģ
ΧκȻߵļʿ¶ȻɫֵѽǶʦִǶû뵽
κȻЦһҾ˾˿ŵĳϣҪʲôûУ˭ġҪ˵·ʦͽ˳ı߻ġЩҩʵЩ˵ġ϶ǼǺҾ˾ˣҪҡ
߼ͷԣʦ˵Ķԡʦͽ̫ɶˡ
һϺȻ
׿ֱ壬Ŀ⾼ؿųᰣϵⶫģ
᰿һ۱׿ŵϵСƿ͵ҩû˵
׿۾˵㣬֪öҩкã
ԳĬ
׿Цһһģᰣ㱾֮ͽǼС̷㣬㵹ãʲôûɵʣȴ뿿ҩɻأ㵱ŵŹǰ費ɣ


27 
׿վڿյϵڶຢӶ̲סĵ׷䣬ͷû˵
ݺüͷ΢ִڳ᰼ϣᰶ˵ô£ΪλҩҩǴӺδģ
ȻҲǣΪŵĳϣȻ֪Ū٣ͼǶôص顣
½ǣСʦʦ棬ҩûԡʦ˵
裿׿Ȼҩģ
ҡͷǣʦ˵ҩƭ˵ģһҩЧͻʧҸҲûá
׿˵ҩģ
ֹݺ͵ᰶ£㾡˵ǣʦ
ᰱҸʦ֮ǰϪ졣ǡ˵ŵĵµӣҸʦȥˡ
һֱĬκƽȻڵ˼ǣҩǴŵӵõģ
᰿κƽ۾ʵʵ˵Ǵġǻ˵֪˵󣬾͸оΧĿ
ȻǮģʲô˴󵨣Ȼҩ
κƽϪµ˭
ݺͣκȻ
κƽɫһ䣬׿Ͳˣµʲô˼ǣȻô£
Ȼʦ֣㰲Щ
׿ɴ۾ȻҵĵӣʲôˣʦѵС϶
ݺʦܣ⻹ûôأͼţ˵ʱɲģѵֻԼĵ𣿡
׿ǺһȻ
ˣʦסڡκƽԸĵӣκȻ
κȻܿ˹ʱ裬һɫҲûС
ǰʩʩȻκƽ˾ˡ
תݺͣ׿ˣκȻݼʦ棬ʦʦ档
κƽϵСƿӣκȻűߣʶ𣿡
κȻСƿϸƬ̺ؾ˾˵ĻⶫҴδ
˵ŽĿתϣκȻšü:˾ˣ˵ȫˣ²ȻġСָʹݺң
׿ɫһȻĪʶ
ǡκȻͷ¶ߵ:ԶԶһۣ;⺢죬һ֪ϪʱЩм䡣
˶٣κȻûˣ仯̫һʱûϳ˭룬ȻȻõӲ͵ϮӣӺݺһ顣
˵ۿȻˣô˵棬Ӱڵдˡƭӡ֡ӷǴȥµӵģȻôûŷ
ʲôȻ¡׿ŭһ棬ǳıӵˣȻô㡣Ȼ£Ϊʦһָ
ʦܡݺͺȻڵκȻ״ӣıӦ֪һͨˣôĶ֣
⻰׿κƽȻ˵ʵ𣿡
û뵽κƽͻȻڣκȻ˾˻Щģ˶񣬺Ȼ˾ˣȻԾʵʱܶ˶ڳǶ֤
̧ͷκƽ˾ˣΪˣǰҪ
⻰ݺڵȫסˡ
ãݺ͵κȻ˵ʲôΪⲻܡ
ʦ棬ġκȻ̽һͨˣȷȷʵʵΪʱʦֵڳǽһʱ֪
κȻһĵӺܿ챻ˣһκƽ˵ƣŵȶˡ
κƽǣκȻ˵Ķ𣿡
ͷǣġȷʵΪˣôܱס
˾ˣҾ뽫Ϊ˲£ҾŵȲԽٸ˵û뵽СȻһжˡ
κȻָųᰣС϶ָʹŻôǺǰ˾͵ڵ£ֲĶ֣Ŵ֡
УڵΪҲΣҿ˽֮ٻаħ˽סˣһˣôӵΪѲɣ
κƽɫ࣬һﲻݺ͵ҲǳĬš
κȻе˾ˣʦʦ棬ʦ棬ҩĲҵģ֪ŵĹأǴѽô֪
ϥǰҲŵĵӣγδζõһּҩ˵ֵ飿ǲɻΪʧͻȻҿǻġ
κȻ˵꣬Χŵĵز
һκȻֵ˾ˣǲţֱӽǡֻʱѾڽˡ
ݺͣн磬ûԿףҪ룬졣Ȼüɫܲÿʦ֣±Ҫ
κƽףᰣҪӣΪѾܳʱˡᰣһ飬Ƿ˵˻ѣ 
ᰵû˵ѣҩȷʵҴκȻġ
κȻųᰣЦһ˾ˣʦ棬ʦʦ棬ҿȻ뺦ң϶ֻŪһżҩҴϪȺУ϶˱ˡ
׿۾һԣҲ飬ϴҩ˶ҳ
κȻеʦǿ϶ᶼҩϣҿгᰵĴͷ˶ҩˡ
׿ͷԶԣȻ˵е
κȻ˳һۣ۵ǵ֮ɫԸţûע⵽κƽĿϣ΢΢šü
ܿ죬ӱ˳ҹĺӡ
ǰĵӵλϣ⼸ӶǷҩġͨӣҩǿһ΢
׿ͷãȥɡ
վһ˫ĿϣǣǷĺôڴκȻȻһӣ˵
Щ׵ĺӣǺȳ棬Сɷף϶ǽ֮ɫ
СȻ̽ͷԳᰵ㣬㲻˵֤ƭӵ𣿿ô£
һݺͣȻɫ
׿Цһǡ
վСԵһݸкһۣ˵ͱ˵


28 
СӿһΧ˵ɫź֪ķӦԼ⻰˵Ĳ̫ԣæֵҲǸ˼ҵ˼˵
̫ţһʱҲ֯ôǣͰ˵һѣû˵ϡ
׿ۿǰӣҿǻ֪µԣ
ָָᰣλʦ𣬿ɲʲôˣڽҹءǿҪҪݺ޹𣿡
ӱ˴˶һۣӶԷп˻ҡǵɫ
קСһµк߬ƣĿڳϣȴĿƽû˿Ļ֮ɫ
ᰵ򶨸кġ
к뵽ʱʦͽ̬ȣǻҪǱƭǮǣǸκȻģô˵棬ڻԣһжƵĸɸɾ
䲻ʦͽ£Աȣ֡
кһڣ˵˵ĶģҩǴκģ˵ҩԸǵʣպǾͿ̤;û˵ҩʱЧġ
κȻʱˣ㻹ѣ㣬Ǽֱǲɾҩ
ɾҩ㣡кԣǾŵɾȴƭǡô˵棬㻹ϴһֱӲôˣ
׿üˡ㣬ҩģҲӦ֪ǲԵģΪλҪ򣿡
кĬһǣҲдǲӣɵջ˵ʵ̫ˡⲻüҩƭǵɡʧʱóҩϣҲỹЦɵͷЦ޻飡
ҵͬ飬Ƿǿ԰ŵģκ
ȴ̰ͼǼҵǮƣ۾˵ѣ˵Եʵǿɶ񡣡
еһ˵ԣ˫дǻΪԼĴ󸶳ۣһȥҵүɵΡκȻΪŵĵӣƭǮƣоӣҪһĽɣ
׿Ҫʲôҵͽܣһûأǡ
СӺȻ˵ɾ˵ʵ˵ֲţ㵽ô죿ѵҪ˵ģŻû𣿡
һ˲׿סˣ죬ȴûз˵Ŀⶼ䵽Сϡ
СӣǾöһˣȥϪ׸żҵĺӣҵƺǿȥһ£ܶ˶֪
ʱκȻģסҵΪǰŵıԷǺóԺúȣ輧Ůźšκҵ֤ҿ԰ţóҩ˭뵽Ȼҵƭʵǡ
κȻȵС㲻Ҫ˵˵һסżңΪ̫飬ҾܾˡҲûùһǮ˵ʲôŮʲô輧֮ˣô̰ŮɫֱǿЦ
Сӵɴ۾ûô޳ܵˣָκȻı㲻Ҫҿۿģ㿴Щˮһ㡭
κȻɫɷףǲСۣתκƽˣСȫ˾ˣʦȻһ
κȻ㣬׿ʮۣ˼䣬ֶκƽκʦ֣ҿ⼸Сǹϡţʵǲ飬ҿ罫ȫѺ
׿ⷬɫ΢΢һ䡣
һĻ˵¹䣬˼ǰHۻ࣬һ㽹̫ˣ
ӵⷬǺݺݴŵ
׿ɫѿŭ㣡
κƽüǳʦܣⷬʧǡ
ݺףʦܣ˫ִһʣ㲻ȥ֤ôһҧЩѣ
׿衭
ݺ͵ѵϹϵǴ
׿ʦ֣۰ĴɲװһΪħйأҪνͣ
ݺһˣ˿϶ΪħйأŲ˵ˣ˽⣬Ҳпˡ
׿Цһˣʦ֣֪㻤̣δ̫Щ˶ڹޣм˽ģ
Ȼ̲סڵôûУűԪɾͳ˽磬˽ðٴլۡ¾Ĵ棬ǵָҲδ֪
׿ֱ֣ǻ
κƽˣҪȥôˣӲ𣿡
ĿκȻϣκȻһ飬µǲ˵ѣ
࣬˫۾ϣ˵ʱ򣬴ѹȸС
κȻκƽһֱĴ⣬ʱκƽһֱţ۵һĨ֮ɫ뵽ǰĺۼɨƽˣְ
κȻ˾ˣǱԩ
Ļû˵꣬Զһֻ֮ʮ겻˽
κƽ̧һۣô£
ǼѾ嵽˽ǰλϣлҪ˵
Ǽ꣬κȻɫ͵һ䡣ŵɫɷס
ΪΪʲôǻǲóѽ
лҪ˵vŶvַ£СʹǼ֧~
պԤѽ
ҵԤ:
̵
ŵʦֽûҩרܿ
רԤҲԿ½д^O^


29 
κȻ߬ȭͷݺݵĿڳ, ֪, ¿϶йء
κȻպ, κƽĿɨ˹æеɱ⣬ͷȥ
᰸ûκȻ, ⼸ʱ, СȵתԴ, Χ
һȦ, ûֶӰ, ᰱջĿ⣬ʱ, һӣ, ļͷ
ķӣķ򣬳᰽ǶӣУ۾΢΢һ
˳ŷķ򿴹ȥ, ͼվڶһûֵСɽϡ
벻֪ʲôʱֽź߷˳, ϡ£ԵЩ, ҲЩɰ
һ, ߵһʲô
ŷ֣Ľű߻ſһֻͨڵĶ, ࡣ
ֻڶĸ£ֻҰ޿ƲסڷŶ, ʮֿ־ģ
᰺ܿջĿ⣬׿ָǼǻûйأ֪ʲôˣǡ
κƽʲô£˵ɡ
κƽᣬȴѹ׿ŭ׿κƽһۣ˻ȥ
λϡһɫ԰׵ŵǶǼСû˵ѣЩҩȷʵκȻǵġ
һڽԻȻκȻŭƨ
ûУλϣǰţʱҹΪǸҩҼҵլضˣĸǮĴ򹤣ЩǮͳŲ˼¡
ݺ͵£Ϊβ֪ǣ
ǲң֪ΥŹģҲ±ȥҵˣҩǮҾȥ飬ǿ޼죬Ǹң취ŪǮȥûǮûҩ
˼ͬˡǷ֣зҩˣҪ˵ϰģΪ̫ֻܱȥɽһЩӻ
˵һżֱǸʱǲŷӦκľһƭӡȥۣȻûѻʵܲˣҪ˵˭֪в˵ֻҪǸҽ˵ȥŪǵļˣ˵ǵסַﶼС
һӵˣκȻĻԱǽҴȻҩ˵˷ͨˣһǵļ֡ŪôǮȥ˵
˵ǻʮֿµ£ԭͲ԰׵ЩɫøӲҰס
ֱ˺һżڷ͵͵һͷޣϲʳ࣬˵ʵòǮԸ⻻ҩ
׿ֱһɺԣȻ˶֮£
ûк˵˵·ˡ
׿ɴ۾㣬·ʲôô˵棬ɺͳ
һﲻһҧҲˡ
ֻĸ첲ϣ϶źɴȵɴҿڳ˶۾׿Ϣ
ĸ첲϶鰼ݣѪȫˣֻªİ̺ۡ
һ˿ڷ˸ȾѾʼãΪǿгɴԭճĺѪ
Ⱥзһκƽ׿̲סüȻݺ͸¶֮ɫ
վڿյϵЩյСӣеʼŻ£еֱӱſˡ
ᰵĿϱ鲼̺۵ƿһԵκȻֻκȻɫ򶨣Ϻްλڸ֮⡣
̲סҧ벻ףΪʲôһ˵ģԶ񶾵ֵز
**
ͬҲˣϽԸһҵʹ˲ֱӡ
һۿϣû˵ѣκȻ£˼ǣǵĻΧڡ
κȻЦŴ˵˼ǣôģѵ㲻˵ì𣿻УΪŵĵӣɥĲ֮£ߣСʹɽϣʦֵ֪ܶҲˣ.ȥιʲôô
Χ۵Ⱥ˽԰κʦ˵еЩҲ֪ӣʲôҪͶǣֲħ衣
Сʣħ裿
ħһ࣬ħϲƽʱȤõġ֪𣿾͸ĶࡣѡֻħؽǻಫɱŶˣһֻвͷģҲͷСֻħӮˣӦĲͷ䵽ϡ
.ʲôϵ
˵ħιħ裬ֻħԽײУ˵ǰսʤΪӮ˲ٺö
Ե棿ʻšüӶħɶ
Ա˼ǵĻ⣺Դӳ۾һǧǰħ˽֮ħҲʧˡ˴ħ˽δħӰ֡
˵⼸˲˵ѣ
⻹룬϶˵ѡҲκȻ˭Ҿ˵ģţͷ̧ͷģ˭ˣ

κȻЩڶУ̲סǣĳᰣ۵¶һĨЦݣת˲ţ쵽޷׽
κȻʦͽǺôı£Ż죬ôˡܿϧǵ̴ˣ⼸˲нġ
᰻δڣһκȻ㡭
κȻ͵תͷϬ׺ݵĿϡ
ضֱ꣬꿴亹ֱðϢתͷκƽ׿ˡ
κȻ˾ˣʦǰҵһȥ£ӡ̡ļǵãʱȥǵطܴ󣬵ʱȥµмֻǸ𻢾ǿط⼸Ҳûӡǲţܲᡣ
׿ͷԣյµӶǼ¼ڲģһȻˡ
κƽ׿ǰ㼤ֻǵԸȥȡ
ܿ챻ȡˣһκȻ˵Ǽ֡
κȻǼ꣬۵д˼ڳЦǵĲˣǻкλ˵
׿ʮּᶨվͽߣٴκݺݵһӣˣѾ֤Ȼ׵ġˣ⼸˸£ҶҪúʣǵʲô
ǼĻһָκȻıŭһ㣬㣬ֽţ
˵˵κƽǰϣץӣеϣû˵ѣۼֻޣںɽһɽһᵽУʲô¥˵ͷ֮ġû˵ѣӡ
˵ſ˳һۣٷɿ˵ӣʦǶûмҲûκ˵ָʹǾһֱһὫֻǱ̫ˣһֱѲغ˺˯Ǹûл
ʱʿǰҪߣ԰׵ָץסκƽ䲻֣Ϊϵ˳
˿ǻ˹עһ֪ΨһҲһεĻˣʧˣȴǵĽǱڸµ
ϣǡǲţҿԴȥǶںɽһ֪˵Ǽ١
κȻ⻰˫ȶڴȥκȻ°ڣʦ֣ô죿
κȻźۼ˦ǵ֣תŭԺһˡ
ҵĳκȻͳŸƨô⼸
ʿŭԣκȻҲٹˣǰһǵ˲ٺСǺǣɽɽǵط˭ȥ㶴иʲôô֤ҵģǵΪڳŵĳϲǷ𣿡
κȻ㡭
κȻѡôҪͻȻѣĿ˾ˣʦ𣬴˵ΪԲܹϢһҪϳ͡
˵ţԼ䣬κȻźۼ˦һ£û˦ԽԽĿ֮£ûҪڵ˼
κȻתŭˣȴָһ֡
κȻɻתͷͼһֻͨڣĿ೯ٱ˹ͫ׵ʱһɫ˲ɷס
һϺܶ˶ע⵽˿񱼶ҰޣɻʲôࣿΪû
ħ谡ħ裡
ħһȺ˲ը˹
˽еСģⶫʮײС
ŵʦʦãˡ죬Χס
һʱڵӶ彣˳Ľֱָħ衣
ֻħƷ༫ã׳ٶȼ죬գۼԽʿɵǽֱӳκȻ
κƽɫһ䣬ȵȻ
׿Ҳţȴֻħ嵽κȻߺ󣬾ͣûҪ˼
κƽĽһöȻ£͡
ȴֻ׺ݵħߵκȻűߣ˶Դ˹ȣ㵽󣬲̽ͷһ
ȻֿκȻͷص󣬺﷢صǷǳ汻۸ˣѰӻ̬
κƽ۵Ĺ򽥽ʧˣ㵵ĿκȻֿ˶ޣɫ
׿ͣ㵵Ȼ⣬ô£ֻħ㡭
κȻϢȵĺһɤӣΪȽţˡ
о˵ĿⶼԼϣκȻ̲ס䣬ǣⲻġ
û˵꣬ĵ˵ϡ
κƽɨһ۵ڵ϶ɸֽʿκȻκȻֻħ赽ô£
κƽı䣬䡣
κȻ̲סһ£亹Ķǻ䣬ֻףãȻ촽ĿȻƳվڶĳᰡ
һɲǣеԹ޶ĵ籡ߺ޵۾ˡ
ᰵעͲκȻϣǶ뽫ħϹȥʲôط
ǻ˸εĵط֣ҸطˣֻĴҹ䣿
˼ţκȻȥ̧ͷͼκƽ
κȻľ˾־£ʱϾԼԾþͺһ
ħ˵Ŀ־壬̽ͷκƽһۣԽԽ͵ش˳ȥ
ݺͣȻеκʦСģ
κȻҲɫ䣬ȵƾ
ճڣ֪ˡ
κƽֱһƽֻħɳȥһץסκȻ½󣬱۾㣡˵ĶˡǣǺôı£ô˵棬˵˵治ɫ
˾ˣ˵ҡ
κƽݺݵؽκȻڵϣת׿ݺ͵˵ղԾ͵ȴȥϢǡ
϶µκȻ꣺ˣѺãҪʡ
һö֣κȻɫˣȥסκƽȣ˾ˣ֪ˣĹһΰɣԺҲˡ
κƽһŽκȻ߿ֿǼ̬꣬Իֽ·ϡʦãǺúôһ˿ڣȥҡ
תǱ׿ҳյСҲһߡ
ۿ̬һ·չڼŵĲȥʱκȻܣҲ֪ǲˡ
˵ͬʱЩ£һ㣬Ͳһ㣬ǾǼһˡ
Сӿ첽ߵᰶ棬СŬȥļ磺Ҫлл㡣
ݺΪ£СӸô˵̲סŶΪҪлᰶ
Сӵ
æлʲôҾ̫ţСĽƿŪˡ
С죬е㲻ӣ⼸ģһ⻰֪֪£ǰԲ
ٺ٣㡮СġƿŪˣҪǿˡ
СͬԶԶԣѽˡȻҼҲȱǮκҲ̫ˣ
κȻκƽ۳κƽɫԽԽæǰǼӴˡ
ᰱţκƽ
ݺͲźۼĻסᰣκʦ֣
κƽûпݺ͵Ľ䱸Щ֤Ͳȥˣһ᳹顣
ͷᰣɫǻͣʦͽϻкܶδ⣬Ҳܷ㵽ߡ
򴽣еŵ°ڣκƽ⻰˼ǲǱʾ֪ʦģ
κƽѾջĿ⿴ݺͣȴȥϢɡǸСӣԻȥ衣
κƽ˵뿪ˣıӰݺǣᰵ֣ᰶǻȥɡ
ᰵͷ뿪֮ǰֿһ۷ŶõطȻûˣȴŶʯͷϷһӣ֦
м仨걻紵ڿдĵ
룬˺ͦϲӣġ
ݺͽͻ뿪ˣŷ£νأ϶æת
ڷд˴գֱڶûݺ͵ӰķſڵǶһʿ
ʿϿչ˳ᰣʵڼǵߡ
鷭һҳȴȥԴ򿪷ţˣ磬ʦ
ʿЦϻûѾˣʲô˸
ҡҡͷҲԡ
ԶɲСݺɤӲԶǳʱһҪúóԷ
ʿݺݺͱ˼ʿͷ뿪ˡ
᰽һʦֵκȻôˣ
ݺʹų᰽˷䣬̾˿κȻķзҩķӣټЩ֤˵֤ȷ䡣
ڷ֮ǰݺͽϸ˵ˡ
κȻĽҩԼģֵҩѣҩϵҲߣֻƳֲײĶ
еĵǺƭ˵ģЩͨ˵ǿ֡ǡʱκȻѡУȥµӣͽЩӵϡ
ֻ̫֣Ū˼˽֡
ݺ˵ͻȻס˿ڣü̾Ϣ˵׻ǵʧְЩܹ¸ҵվ
ʦʣκȻΪʲôҪôӦòȱǮɣ
ݺ͵ᰶ֪¥𣿡
ҡͷӡһϵʱһ˵Ȼûı
ݺ
ʱɫ᰸ݺͳ˷䡣ıϣ￴ȥܹ¹²ԵĴ󺣡
΢źˮеζݺָԶĲӿĺ棺ᰶƬдСеĵסˣеֻǹµеһЩȽ⡣
棬¥Ĵڣ
ݺ͵ͷǣҲǡ첢û֣ǻΪ¥Ϊһ¥Ի¥˵¥챦һʱ䲻˻֪µͨˣ֮͡
¥ϵһ֣ԼĶҲЩ֮ΪУ֪ؾͺ¥һˡ
˶٣ݺͼǰκȻײ˺¥һ
ᰵҪǮ򣿡
ݺͿЦһǮͺˣǰǶ޵Ĳͷ
ԭ¥˲֪ʲôطѰ˼öħ走ħ走߼۳ۣԼħ賤ڱȶӮõһǰ˭ġ
κȻΪ˷ֻСħ裬ķһʱ䡣
ˣκȻΪֻħ軨еǮȻκƽ֪Ҳ￪ڣֻԼ취ŪǮ
ΪҪǼ⣬ֻһʱһ˵ģʳħײС
ֻ˵
ɻĽ˳ݺ͵û˵κȻֻǹϣȻͿ¡
˵ţеߵ˷ţԭ͵ˡ
ݺʰ飬Ц˵ˣᰶǳԷɡ
**
ϣݺһ߸᰼вˣһߵһʦȥ¥֤һκȻû˵ѣϢϣͿԳžˡ
ԣᰵһ٣ݺͣͼݺɫƽغ
ǲᰵĿ⣬ݺͿôˣжΪʲôôң
ҡҡͷûʦԲˡоůͬʱ־Щɬ
ůǣݺ֪ˡ衱Ϊ󣬶ȫȻΣɬǣѾˡ
գգۣǹɬѹȥ¶ģһҪݺʦץһס
ҪĻǸˡ
һСںһ룬ҹʱһҪúҪνΪ¡ǲŶ룬ֻţѰ
ȻᰵһҹҲû֡
ڶ죬ᰶһ˶ĺȦӴŴˮϴʱĵһ
㣬ҹû˯ã˵ǵݳϵİΣأѾˡ
⻰˲˾ʦˣǸ磬֪𣿡
κ̸°ɡ
껹û˵꣬ͼ˻طУһŹˡ
꣺ͻȥˣոճǸģ
᰺󱳵Űϣüͷ΢΢š૵ʦʦǻˣ˵κȻ²Ĳˣ
ǼпȥұڽҵĶ롣
ӵ֮ÿҹ붼᰼棬ȴû֣óʮֵġ˼ٴ˷š
ᰶվſڵʿ˵磬ҶˣԶ
⼸죬ᰱֵĶܹԣֵģӡ󼫺ãΪճһϡСġװҩĴƿŪˣϲˡ
ͷãңȥȡ
Ӱʧ󣬳᰹Ϸţɿ뿪塣
嵽һҪһţŵεʱ䣬ﲢûʲôˡ
ᰰռе·ߣܿ˽ǰһزݴԺ͵͵ڹţͼش˴ߴ˳
뿪᰷ɿ˽ȥŴҴƳһۣ߲ûнԿ״ϣԿ׾ͼпܷϢ
Ϣǰ˵Ƿûŵ߽ȥһȴûҵԿ׵ټ
üչ˵𣿡Կײһ𷢳
᰻ǵһ͵£һ㾭ĶûУȫĺë
תͷͼ߲֪ʲôʱˣʱһԿվſڳЦ
ᰵú£ֻþȣͰ͵үүүҡ
ߵҾͲˣһֱ治Сӵİɣ
᰷ʱ̬ȾܺͰүүʶʦ
ЦѽĳͣҵȻʶ
ᰵʦŵʱ򡭡ܰ𣿡
ЦŰ֣ǳ㣬ǲ͵ġ
ᰲ⣺Ϊʲô˵ʦĳͣﲻֻзĵӲŻ𣿡
ߵ䲻£иµ϶Ūһܷ
ᰣ˭һֱʦ
ЦκȻӦü˰ɣ
ᰵͷߵҵڶǵʱӣֻû뵽Щ˺ܶࡣ
ѿڵүүʦǱԩģħ年ġ
˵ĿУһ£Ц⺢ӡ
ûټ˵ȥתɡ
͵ץ˸ţСʣȥ
Ц㲻ģ
᰷Ӧһ۾һ첽ߣллүү
ߴʮŷţЦ⺢ӰͿ𡣽ȥɣɱ˵ˡ
صͷٴεл
ڵ˵ƣ᰿뱳ϣڴֺϷţСʦ
һû
ֽ˼ȻûзӦ첽ǰڶǰ
Ŷյ˫ۣᰴսСʦʦ
ִ̽һ¶ļ򣬾ͼһ£˳ָ󷽵ȥ
һƾǲס󷽵ȥĶģǣֱ˵档
ȻݣǸˣֱӱѹſ˵ϣ
ȵʱ򣬶Ѿһ㺹
Ĩһ¶ͷһڵϣ˫ĿյĶ롣
̴ҲֹԳᰲûжൣġ
̫ˣܳȥˡ
ֻǼȻȥΪʲôȥ֪ᵣ
˵ȥæԼˣ
һת뷨һСؽͷŵϣ˯Щ
ﰲĵȶѹ
һȾʱһ
ʱţسЩˣ૵Ϊʲô
˼Σ֪߷ѾΥ˹أĶ飬ٸ鷳
һͷ߳ʮŷ䣬߿ģǺЦʦͽϵãĽ
Цһ£ֻЦǵ벻
ֻһ۽ң밲ȫûҪӡ
᰺ȻЩ¡᲻Ҳᡰѡˣ
뵽Щദ֣ҡҡͷ뷨Ժ˦ɳȥ
ȥȥʱСĵ㣬ץˡ
ᰵͷүүллȻȥˡ
ߵͷֻڳʱһס
ߵ棬ɫأųϢӣˣȶһ¡
ᰣүү˭ˣ
ߵκǡ
κƽ
ͫ͵һ뻹û
߽ƽ䣺ã
ɫ԰ףԽȴתķɿ죬һץסߵ䣬үүо𣿡
**
׿ÿ߷ŵʱڴϺ˯
׿˺ü߲족˯ۡ
λˡߴ˸Ƿңʹˣ˯ǽʱҶû֡
˸λģ
κƽͷŰɡ
áƿͷһԿأ
ֽƿˣ֣ҵԿôˣǷѽ
׿ûҿǴˣԿôҪĶҲҶ
Ƥ׿һۣ׿㿴ʲô
վһԵݺǰߵƽϣ鲻á
ߵͷѾ˵ˣκȻؽˮΡݳϣһ£Ҫô𣿡
׿ŭ㣡
κƽκȻȷ˴ͰŹ洦ãκ˶˽ʦܣһֱͻȥɡ
׿ɫҲˡ
ջĿ⣬ԿףСݷ˸ʱ׿̲סˣԿײᱻ͵˰ɣ
߽۾һɣ˵˵˭б´нԿ͵ߣ
׿͵ǽʱ򣬲֪˭˯ôжв
˵ţһ洫׿ʲô
κƽѾת˷䣬׿ݺҲ˳ȥ
ķһۣ¶ǵı顣̾˳ȥ
⣬κƽݺͣ׿˹ȻʮŽҡ
߿첽ǰߵʮŽǰᵽŨľ㡣
ȥͼͷǽǣǾѾˡ
վԱߣɢŵĺ;̳Ƭ⻹һԿס
ǰԿ׼˵ôҲԿףԭǱˡ
ݺ͵ᰶô
СĴκƽ˵̬Сңüûʦˣ
Ҳ͵͵׿㵱ʲôطôءô£ģ
ᰵͷҵʦԲã͡
㣡׿ֱЦˡ
ݺͲ̿Сͽﱻ˽ѵæǰᰶ´οɲˣ֪𣿡
ᰵͷһۿǽǵĶ룬ʦ棬ʦʦ𣿿ˣֻ¡
׿õǺ˶٣
ᰵûȶ٣ʦͺһ㣬̫ˣá
꣬Щ˽ġ
ʱҲƣֻܺһ㣬ȶ˾ˡ
ݺͽ˼ȻûлӦ¶Ϊѵɫתκƽʦ֣ҪȻȥ
׿һóĵеһӣСԸ䡣
ǵӵͷ뿪һܿһˮ
׿ӹˮǰʦ֣ȶ˵أֻҪһˮܽˡ
˵ҲݺͷӦʱ䣬ֽ̧ˮȥ.ͫһ͵ǰڶǰ
һˮʵʵȫ˳ϡ
ݺ͵ᰶ첽ǰӲȥϵˮתŭ׿ʲô
׿ɫҲܲÿˮһӣֲ֪
ݺתԸһԵĵӣȥȡɾ·
**
ڵЩѹ֣ߵȻҴҵĽŲһʿǰϡ
κƽ˴æ
˵̣ɾˡ
κƽɾŵʱҲ̲ס۾˵ʲôɾ
ǡ۵׷Ź⣬ʮּɾھһ죬ֳȥ
׿Щţ˵ɾ˽εɴδ˵ȥǸɡ
κƽڲ˵Щʱˣǲܵ
һ۳ᰣ㣬ɡ׿ݺͣߡ
ֻܿʣ³ᰣˡ
߸˵Ż׵ĺ룬ɾ٣ǧͷһⰡ¿ɳˡ
ᰶλɾȤҪ˾ƣ˳ƭκƽˣҲҪһ͡
ЩΪѵָүүллʦ
ЦŰڰ֣øͷӽͣҾһؽҵɢˡ֪ô϶Լԭ򡣡
ᰴ̧ͷ߼⺢ӱԴʲô£ֻҪ֪һ͹ˡ
̲סڵүүҲʦ𣿡
ûлش⣬ֻǴȰᰵͷЦɵӣúչɣȥ·ȡû
뿪󣬳ᰶϵƬһߣϵۣΧˮղøɾ
һУһؿţڶ
ҹﱾûϢã־ŵһţǲãû˯
ʶʼߵнŲǿ񣬾ͼһʿ˽ȥȡ·λ
ǳᰣڳǰվˣɾҪ㣬ߡ
ãȻּϺЩʲô
ظһ飬㶵ӣɴǰߣôѽɾҪ㣬㼸ĸߣɾȼˡ
лҪ˵
ᰱһ·ϵڵʱµġ
ʿĴһļСɵվţɾ񡣡
Żع̧ͷǡλϵײš
ϵò̬ǹһĨЦ⡣
ˣ΢΢۾ֱûӣһ˵̬ƭ˵ġ
˵ռʦˣԭӡ
᰺ܻضϵˣݺ͵Ϳһᰶɾ
Ӧһѧʿ̧ͷʱͼһֻ/ɽֱ˵ͷϡ
һֻʮƯС/ͨ죬һ˫۾ġ
ͷ˼Ѱ˸ĵطȻúɫСë
̬ģǸʮ񣬳̲ס࿴˼ۡ
ɫ䣬ȥץͷѵСһ
С/ʮݣ˵ʱų뿪ǰһ˵ֱ
ᰵĿ׷ֻŵС/񣬾ͼֱԼ˹


30 
ϸСצӲϵʱ򣬳ᰵ彩סˡŻ˺, Լ̫, ŵֻСһ
˲˳ᰵĽ, ЦСģһﵨӴúܣɲˡ
뵱ڳԺһģһȷ˾ġʦ
ھʱĵȴ, ٴμˡȻ, һģ֡
᰷ʮ, Ҫһ, Ҫʱ, ϵС.һ¡
˲ͲҶˣתͷ, ͼС.ͷС·
Ϊ뵲һ, ·ʪ˴룬ΪĴæûл, ʱ·ʪϡ
ɫС᰼ϵһС鲼, ౽ת, Ƕ, ·ô¡
һʱ, ˵Ŀⶼ˳ϡ
ϵ˿ڵˣΪ·ʪģ
Ŀɨˣҡͷ, ֻһˣѵ۸㣿
һԵ׿ɫЩȻųᰣ˼װףҪ˵
᰸û׿Ҳû״Ĵ㣬ֻ˵ԼСĴˮ衣
׿һ¶ı飬Цѽɾ͵СƤĺܣèģͻᴳ
Цſ׿𡣡
ЦЦĿ⣬׿ɫһ£ò׼䡰ʲô˼ֻЦ
׿˵ʱ򣬳᰺Ҽһů
ֻɫСҼ硣̲סٴתͷͷֱСڽµƬѾˡ
Ҽϵů⽥󣬺ܿȫûãϵ·ȫˡ
̲ס۾żͷСһĵǲ죬û뵽ôС㱾¡
ᰵעӣɫССͷ౽ģƵġ
̲סЦˣСԴָֻȥͱСһ¡
оСһų⣬᰾Ͱ˻ȥлл
С౽˵ĻƵġ
ݺѾȥȡɾ·ˣʱߵĶ̲סЦ㱾£ɾİ裿
ϵ˵һƣԼĸЩЦҿɲҵӣҵӻࡣ
˵ſᰣƽﲻˣҿͦϲ㡣
ûĬһɾ˵Ҫң
֪˳Ϊ˽衱Ϊ£֪ôκƽ˵ġ˵ʱʮֽСģ˵˻˵̨
˵ǣ֪Ĺǣһ仰͵µԣˣûҡʦѡ
˵⻰ʱ۵һ˿Ĺâת˲ţ쵽޷׽
˵˵ʦѾкܶûˣҲϢ˵ţһСͽܡʵұҲһˣֻҺȻ뵽ǰ٣ȴȱĻˣǲøʦŽ
˵ĿɨˣӵӣӦὫҵ˵޸ʲôайأǿǴĲ
׿ɫһæˮˮνš
ݺ˼ǲаϹϵġһʮš
ʮͬصͷǣˣҲ޸
һ㣬ݺʮָˣٴ˵л
Ц˵仰ͳ֣ҿ
ԭվһ߹ĲСᣬ¾˼ϵ
ֻСȴĺܣһҲǰţ˶ëڳ᰼϶
Ķ˿
ڣǰ
뿴ˣ᰸оһѹȸУѹȸǰĵ׵׽в˼֡
ǰվˣͼְ̧Ķϡ
۷䣬ᵽһźζţ෴ʮˬѾϰ˵Ȼ㡣
аڶϵֻ֣ůġ
һУϤǸ˲һİС
̲ס̧ǡҲڿʱ򣬳գգۣЦһ¡
ɫκβͬĵ׻ǾЩԡ
ôһ˲䣬ɣǲϴˣ˻᲻ġʦ
˺ܿ콫˻ȥǺԼ̽鵽ġֻһһµϻӾͳС
˽ϻӵݸᰣЦļ񣬿ϲϲ
æ񣬽ӹϻӣһ򿪾ͼһ̼˶̲ס۾
âɢͼǸϻһͨӨĳ
仹δţҲ֪ⶫ֮ͨ
Ȼݺصɾ˽ĪǾǴ˵еļԨ
Ԩ
ᰵͷϻеĳȻͼϿšԨ֡
˵ͷԳᰵһԨԻԨԨ겻Ϩ׻𣬴˽üԨ·׻ʯɡٳһЩ⽣ˡ
ЩӿһЩ飬֪˾סĵط˸ѽˡ
ôصĶյġ
׿һԵǰɾ⼫ԨϵɾвܷӸáһСӣżԨ˷ѡ
Գ˵ȷʵڹˣݺͶ̲סȰ˽ջȥ
еָ˶нӹϻӵĴ㣬ʱڳ᰼ϢСȻվ˶С
˶һͷϻеļԨ۵һĨ֮ɫһҧģűǡұɾͳȥĶûջصĵ
˶ŭڵ¶ȻͣһֱĬκƽᰣллɾ
ϻӣκƽֿݺͣллɾ
һЦһӾͽˣлңͺúгһյȥҲҲԶ
ȻͿһת˻⣺һ·ʱ򣬵һЩĴԡ˵ϣΪħ年Եʣǲ£
ݵĳĬУκƽͷȷ¡
ŶƾЩ죺йһ֮ԵҲóǴ֮ˣħ年᣿
׿ɾ֤֤ȫȷʵɵģˣᱻϵ
ݺüͷ΢̲סΪͽ˵ɾʼգûгϹ
ݳϵ˼ǣǱԩģ
ݺ˵۾ãͷ
ζЦݳϣҪ֪ӣڰģãڻԩٴ
ݺͳĬʱá
ھ᰺ϵСվתͷͼ˳뿪ˡ
ᰵĿ׷ֻС񣬾ͼ׿ǰϡ
׿ȻҲע⵽ͻȻɹСһĿһ˺ݺǱߵĶûע⣬ʹӹһɫĹӷŵСǰ
СǺʮ̧ϸ۵צӽǰĹһŵŷɳȥȻϣԼһɫС
һпĳ̲ס¶һЦݣ룺˵Σ⻰Ȼ١
γԵģЩֵĺ͹ӣɫĹӶҧһھͶˣԺҲûɫСǺϲ
СܿһС棬Щˣ˼׿ˮǰƫͷ￴˿
ڴʱĬõݺͿˡ׿ͳᰵע˲䱻ˣͬʱĿСƿ˹ȥ
ݺ͵ɾĻҲǻڣֻǾǲһеı֮ˣֶ֮˼֮ܣʵ˵
۾֮ˣݳϣ㵹Ǹ˵


31 
˵Ļ£˵һĶ
ݺͶҲһ亹, û, ӭ˵Ŀɾ, ֮ǰ˵£ǽԨ͸ᰶǷ˵ͬĴɻ˷ǰ, Ϊʦɣ
üͷһ, ǾЩ, Цһ֮ǰ, ҷľڡӱ濴, ֤֤ȫ貢ԩҿһʱ, ֮ǰ, û˲˽绹вдħ塣ºЩħű/¶ǵС
κƽɾ˼ǣ
˵ҵ˼ǣЩħ̫, ǧ궼ûзǵټ, ˵
˵Ȼ, Цǧǰ, ۾ħ˽磬һѻħ֮ͨ, Ҳķʱ˽ħ£˽绹ħ, ŵİ˲ҹά
κƽɾ˼һֿܣ
˵ͷ
׿Ŵۣ۵дãȻʲôԣ
׼ڣᰴ𣺡֮ǰ˽ħѱɾǰ˽ħ壬Ǳ˷ųġʦ򡣡
Ǽ䣬˵Ŀⶼ˳ϣվ׿ϵСҲƫͷ˹
׿üͷһ壬˵һСӲʲô졣ûйˣУ˵ʲ
˵ûִ̧׿ŭȣȤζĿųᰣŶΪλ룿
򴽣ɾŲ˵һֻֿǲ²⡣
ô˲²ʲô
룬϶˻֮˶ܲסЩħ嶨ȻǴӻ֮˽ġ⼸꣬ȷʵԴԴϵħӿ˽磬
ֱ˵۾ħӦϣǾ˵ͨˡ
°һ˵ȷʵЩһĻǵһҪɵĶ󣬱Ͼǰ
ᰵɾʦǱԩģ¡
üһɡ
ᰳĬ΢΢ǰ㣬۾ЦòΪʦɣ
ҡͷ
˵ΪΣ
˵۾ֻǣɾ
꣬ȻĹҲһˡ
֪ˣΪ˵һĺػ͸һ
΢û뵽õĴ𰸣¿ϣĿⲻ׿ǰɨһۡ
ȶһתͷͼ׿ϵĳɫСһС
ϵ֣ӭȴ;תһ򣬾᰷ֱ˹
ǰųС񣬳ᰳɵ֣ͼСһţС
˶֣˼µؽ˻ȥ
öС棬ǰСʣǸҵģ
С౽ٴڳᰵļϣ˼Ѱ˸λö
᰽СŤͷлл
һ˵˵ֿԣҲȷʵǹʲôħͨģҪúõ顣Ҵ˷ǰΪ£󣬱бҪµһ顣
۾ٿһݺҲ漤
ݺ͵վۿ΢΢죬ﶼŲĳлɾˡ
Ҳлɾ
ЦŰ֣ҲȫȻΪǡ·ţʱҪϵˡ
ݺͷ̲סȥ۽ǡ
κƽɾģµӾԻȫϵ顣
ݺһۣʱ֤ԩģһúòġ
˵˴λûΪòˡᰣʦչسǵýϢ
չأ
һ£ܿκƽΪҪ˵ˡʦ²ɾᰶʦɾ
Ц޷ҼҲһġ
᰾˵⻰Ŀһ˵ĵһμƵġ
̧ȴѾתͷκƽ˵ȥˡ
˵κϣǴ¾ôˣһ£һˡ
κƽͣվһֻۣǸһֽ˻
ЦԣˡҴ˷ǰΪһ¡
κƽɾ˵
ڣǷһκȻĵӣ
κƽɫ䣬ͷǡ
κȻ£ֻѴǷз˻֪Ҳ
κƽɲң̳ĺ̰ĽǮƵĵӣɾģһᰴŹϳϢ
˵ţ׿ſϡ̫󣬲СĽϵĹˮˡ
һʱڴص죬κƽü׿
˿׿׳϶ԴлҪ˵
׿ſϣһֻŶӣ亹ûûС
ݺͲԣǵʦܣôˣ岻𣿡
׿ǿվֱ壬˵ɾˡңҪ뿪һ¡˵Ҳ˵ͷɱ
ᰵĿ׷׿Ҳ֪ǲĴܾ׿ŵӣ˶ӡ
ڰһ˲κƽʦЩɾȲɾ
˵ͷȻ֪κϲ˽ʵЩӣ֪κ׼ΰǡ
κƽʱʦչˣˣһὫͻȥҲѹκȻ
ÿɷֻǡ
κƽЩ죬ǵ̫ˣЩӵĸ˵ȥ֪ͨȻЩӴ
Ȼܿˣ·ǡ׿˾һˡǵ󣬻ʮӡ
κȻ꣬ʮӶǱƭġǽŽģûܵʲô˺
ǰĺӾûôˡһɫ԰ף϶ٴˡ
ȻúһһϵˣݺԱ׿Ҳصλϡ
ʮ˵ˣ϶¶ԾɫηصͷȥһŵĲУŷˡ
˿źЦôʲôֲˡ
Цˣһ̲ס̧ͷ͵͵һۣ˳֣
ŵ°ڣվԭһҲҶȻȰ˵²ߵǰ
ֱۣͼĸ첲ϲźɴ
𣿡ʡ
ͷҡҡͷ
һЦ⵽ۻǲ۰ô˵һֱֻϡ
ֻһĨɫĹâ˳˵ָڣƬ̺ɿ֣ʣ𣿡
һɴĸ첲ЩȵĿһۣ󽫲ڸ첲ϵɴ⿪ˡ
첲ʱ򣬲ԼҲɴ۾
ֱֻɲ˰̲ˣ⻬һ˵ĺۼûС
طͬоʹ̲סлɾ
һЦֻ̧ǰһ̵ĹâڵĺӣС
ȵâɢЩܹ֮궼̲סелɾлɾ
˵һЩǻȥˡȻ󣬳ŵʱͼ׿ɫ԰ףŽŲˡ
ߵűߵʱһ£Ǽʱסſֻ¾Ҫˤڵˡ
Ȼ̲סʦ֣û°ɣ
˺ӵ׿ȥֳֽȥػزʮˡ
׿û¡䣬תͷˡ
Ȼ׿ֻʵıӰȥéķ
ü˼Ƭ̺ȡһƿҩſڵĵӣ׳ǳԻ˶ӣȻ㽫ҩˮͷͺá
᰽ȻĻڶУЩ죬ŴɣʳӦöܸɾǡ׼Ĳˮģ˶ˣΪֻ׿£
Ȼע⵽ڼϱĿС뵽Сһ﷽׿ˮǰ˺ܳʱ䡣ɵİɣ
˳ᰵС۾һۣվӵСģཾˡ
ȷˣ»ġ
ܿ׿ˣĵӽҩݸκƽȥϢ˸ʰ䡣
ҲûܾλæԼȥɣ˵Ự
κƽݺ뿪ټھʣ˺ͳˡԣһֻŵ
ǰĹһźɫĹӣǰӵݵСǰ
Сתͷʮģ˻ǵöǵðѹǰͣ˽ĹӣûС
Сˣ̧С˹ȥ˽һЦ򲻵
ᰣ
ȻǾãôͦǷġ
˵ʲôͼ˽ǿźӷŵ˳ˣ۵ζġ
͵һ̧ͷͼ˽̵ݵǰ԰ɡ
᰿˵ҡҡͷ
˼Ծץ˼ŹԼһźɫӳ
ᰳĬĿˣ۵ԭЩڴɫ䵭һɾûʲôµĻҾȻȥˡ
᰺ܿ뿪ˡ
һźӵݵǰϵСǰЩ󣺡˵ôϳðƵģ̬תҲ̫ѧѵ񣿡
ʱ뷽ŵȫͬʣģµģȫˡ
С౽ڳЦ˵޴ݺһ˵ֱųˡ
Լ˵ֱȻˡ


32 
ᰴ뿪󣬲ûл, ѡһط
ȷıɾǸˡ
Ϊǿź, Ż˵ݡٴ֮ǰ, йһָо
ɾֹ̬Ǹһ, һΥ͸кİС
ָֻоѹȥ, űɾǸˡֱǿź, еĻ, һ˲, ˲
ᰵͷŽż⣬Ȼ֪ΪαɾҪģǸ, ֪, ɾһʶġ
κȻ¶ˣǲѾˣ
ôţ̲סվ, ҵķȥֻǸܵ·, ӭͼһȺŵӿȥ
Լ˵𡰱ɾøСʺˡ֮Ļɷ˽Ų
һ, Ȼת˽Ų, Ⱥһȥ
һĽݸƣЩֱȥ, ֻ³һ̨̤һһȥ
ĻﻹŽϻûöϾϸܵĺˮ, ֻͣ˿ͼȥ
ĿƲܿ챻˦󣬳ᰵͷԼܹվŵˣֻΪ߶ȵԭЩ˿͸һС
Ӳȥϵĺˮڴʱ౵ȶ
ͷͼһֻɫӷ·˹۾һǱɾֻС
ͣ½ŲֻСֱͷ˼˼ʣʲô
ᰵ˵ɾкӣȥֵҪ𣿡
Сֳųɵ˳ǰ
ᰴ¶һöС棬ݸСЦ˵ңٶȥҰɡ
СؽСֻССĳһȣһƺâ᰷ȥΧ
᰿ΧܵĹȦ˵ʲôͼСȶ·ȥ
ţ᰸о˫뿪˵棬Ҳ
̲ס۾ǰ·Сתͷϵлл
СеС棬ܻӦ
һһô·ȥ
ҰУµ˽᰿ǶͷԼķ򣬲˷ܵ˵ʲô
̲סͷһֻۣǸƵ̨ף￴ȥֻܿһ֣һƲסˡ
ᰵĿƲ㸡λãԼܿƲµ̨ףĵײһ
뿪Ʋ㸡λãСųֵġôСһǷӰȥģ
˼䣬˫Ų˵ϣΧܵĺâܿʧˡվ壬ٴγС˵лл
ᰳֵķʽʵЩšڳ˶ȥĿ⡣
ݺ߹ᰶ̫ˡ֪һжҲô
᰽һʦЩ˼˵ҿǶˣһʱ棬͡
ͣڰߵһװκĴ󴬣ɾվ档
ֻСҲѷɻߣŵСڼװϰڷŵСϵĹ
ɾȥСڹС棬Сһ£ջ֡
ɾ̧ͷ֣Ҳˣ
᰿ݺһۣͷ˹ȥ˴ŷЩκȻƭĺȫվڰߡ
żҵСֹӼᰣ˷ܵغһ֡Ҳ¶˵ı顣
⣬ԵЦҼͽܣ۲ĽЩҴȥҲҽơ
⻰˼ǡ
͵̧ͷЩصɾҪΪͽ
ɾͷЩĵصǲûɵɾ
С¶ѡɾ΢΢һЦߵߣͷŰߵʮӣǶˣҪ𣿡
ˣмӴ
䱻κȻƭˣ˵ǻǶ׵˼Ҳʡ
ɾƽЩԸΪͽȻ֮á
ɾ⼸Ĭĺӣأ
¶ɣһǰлɾ⣬ֻѾˣұԵвʡ꣬۸ĸ࣬Ҫȥǣ̷ϡ
ͷ༸Ҳվ˳ǵɴͬ
ԱΧ۵ŵҡͷ̾ϢǷԵǴǼȴɫᶨ
ܾˣɾδŭصͷ˷ǵջࡣʵҲãҲãԼҸѴҪ֪ͨĽ˵ͬʱҲͬͨ˵䲻̤;Ҳ٣һڵǡ
Щ˻ǵһۣɶסˡ
ǼӺۿһͬлɾָ㡣
ɾЦˣǼԸߵĺӣҲˣҪ£͹֮ɲʲô˶ܳܵġ
µľһͬͷˡ
ɾҵ£ҿǺϸģ͵ˣԲ˿࣬ҿǻϳ͵ġ
ٴεͷǡ
ɾãϴɡ
Ÿӱ˴ɾκƽ˵ȥˣżҵСӱ˳ᰵһ 
ӶڣΧųᰣߴߴģʮ˷ܵģ
С˵û뵽㾹Ȼʶɾô˵ѽĽˡ
ɫɣᰵ鲻Ҳ˵ǿɾĵˣôĽء
Сϲ̵صŶЩģֻɾ˵ġ͹ǡʲôҾЩ¡
һ˵ûʲôµģɾ˵ˣֻҪŹȥպͿ𣿡
Сӵ㱾ʵģֲö͹ǣȻˡˣǿɵģΪʲôţ
˱˴˶һۣЩ˼˵䱻ƭˣҲвԵĵطʵûš
һ˵ҲҲǿǡ
ȻСץץװֵգҲе㲻˼˵ǡԺǰɾΪʦҲŪٵˡ˵òã
᰼Ҫ˴˼ලģ̲סЦ:ˣǰ˵ģǱƭǮҶˣҪˣҰǮǰɡ
Ϊ˷㣬ЩǮ᰻Ʊź󣬶ͽǮˡ
ᰴӻһС·ǰ׿ʪˣͬƱһֻǺСŪˡ
򿪲ЩƱ𣬳̲ס˿Ʊݹȥ
еǮǷˣͻؼȥɡ
ӵͷʼڴϻЩǮ
˵һԣɾκƽκϱǵĵӲźá
κƽɾ£ǸҲΪǸеġ
ɾЦָκƽ˵˼䣬תͷ᰹ˣЦҪһ߰ɡ
գգۣû˼վϺˮСҲ̧ͷ˹
ɾ㿴⼸㶼ʶҲͦģҵ£飬֡
᰿һ۶ڴߵļСֿǰˣ׼˵ ͼϵСųɵͷϣ˫۾
һֻôţɵظоһѹɾͷϵСһץ㿴Ҳϣء
᰿СһۣѾʦˡ
ɾû£ѳʦţΪͽ
ᰣ
ɾţúÿǿǣҵݣΪʦ·ܺߡ
ٴΣ룬ǡʦ𣿲Ѱɣôǽǵġ
ɾץС̲ס΢΢۾ж˶ڴʱ᰿ˡ
ٴεлɾ⣬ʦˡ
ɾٿڵ˼᰼֪ɾǿҲ֪ΪʦԺ·ܺߡҵʦȫõʦҲᱳ
˵ŴӴ뿪ˣݺߣĬĬŽнԶĴ󴬡
СӺȻ嵽ߣ尶֣ᰣǵҵŶҽšСƣвƵвƣ
ĸҲԼ֣вܽ᣺ᰣҪúʱǴƨ
ᰣ룬ʱ򱻴ƨĿ϶ҡ
ݺЦһᰶ⼸ѵǺ˼ǻȥɡ
ᰵͷݺˡ
**
ϡ
ϷǼӽ˴գװֻʣ±ɾֻ
Сӱɾ˳ϣ˶Ūҵë
ɾһһķ򣬷Ѿûˡ
ִ̧˴ϵСΪԺΣҵһۣǲر˧
С˹β𣬸
ɾ̲סִ˴Сתͷڱɾע£Ȼһ¡
ɾһŶͷһС׷ȥһ౽Уһ׷ġ
ɾԴڼװǱضȥͷŪˡ
ɾͣͣҸ㣬ΪҲҴ㣬ǼˣҡϣڣҴˣҴ˻𡭡
֪˶ãɾͷɢҵڼװϣͷϡ϶ĺۡ
ֻɫСʤߵ̬վ˵ͷϡȶС
ߵʱ򣬻Сˡ
ɾĿСһķȥ̲סӼװվб¾ͲҪ
**
᰸ݺһ죬ЩȣʦΪǲ壿
ݺϲɫ˵ȥؼҡ\
ᰵ۾ٿһ˺ܿʮŽǰ
վſڣ᰼ڴֽš
ˣ
֨һʮŽҵűˣ᰿ǸվڽڵӰʱۿ΢΢һȡ
ʦһ
ͷ۵״ųϤЦ⣬˵ͽܣ
̲סȥס˶
ãᰲɿ֣һʦҸʦȥˡ
ͷá
뿪˽ңݺǰ棬ͳں档
˵ͽܣΪʦϾأѬҶˡ
ЩΣ˵ȻȥˣҸʦ׼ˮ
û˵꣬ʲôƣͦҵģûˣΪʦ볢
ᰣ
Цġʦ
ǰǿȴƽ׽ˣŵ㺢ͯ棬Ľ͸
ġʦ

ص󣬳᰺Ͷ붼ϴ裬ͷȻʪģ᰾˸ɲá
Ūˣ˵һԣСʦԲ׼ԵĶˡ
ʱǱųԵĶġֻζþòЩңû׼
Щ죺ˣ
᰸ҡͷͼһСΣȵľɭɡ
ɻĿŶеǿ棬ǷһֱһҲûгԵģʲôʱõģ


33 
ȳףʹݺ͵, , ᰶ, Ǻ𣿡
æջĿ⣬߹ȥ򿪷ţʦǺˡ
ݺЦ׼, ʦҲ, ٷΪʦӷϴ, Ҳף
һ, ͷԶʦ, ߰ɡ
һ·ݺ͹ȥ᰺ܿ콫׵Ժ
ݺ׼˷ʢ, Ų, Ͼû׼ֻԲ档
ٷķΧҲʮֺáݺʮֿ, Ŷͳ˵໰, ˵һҹļơ
ȻȰ˵ʦ֣, Ҳˡ, ᰶҪء
ݺŵԶԣ, Ÿˣˡᰶ, ǲԵӣ׼𣿡
ȳ᰻شֵؽţƽĶԴͺá
ᰵͷǣʦ
ݺοãúӡǽ͵ɣϢ
ķ䣬ݺһֱΪţѾʰɾˡ
û˯ȥ᰼һ𡣳Ȼû顣
ڶ죬緹ͺͶȥһ졣
˵طһĿյϳЩյĺ⣬ڵҲȫڡ
ֻЩӲһվһԿ֣ǴУĶվ
ЩɻҪʲô
ţͼһʿ˹˵κȥ
ʶתͷκƽλãͼκƽɫ࣬Ҳ֪Щʲôݺͣº͵ЦЦ
ɫ糣˵һ䣬͸ʿˡĿͶߵǰͷﵹҲõġ
վЩյӺ棬СŷϵЩӲ⣬ЩĵҲɻ
ǲôǶˣ
ѽ⵽Ҫʲô
̫ˡ
꣬κˣ˵ˡ
̧Ȼͼκƽλվ
κƽɫĿ⻺ɨˣЩС̸ʧˣϰŵĵز
κƽ֪Ǻܶп϶⣬ǲԵӣΪҪȫټˡΪڲ֮ǰҪ裬
ʦ֣æ̽ͷǰȥȴδǰһŰЦɢ𣺡ڽң
Ŷ£᰾÷轵ЩЩε߬ȭͷ
֪˸ɾʶȻͣϲ˶ȥҲ
ֻõ壬κƽʦ̬Ⱦͺܲˡ
ҲӣûԼ裬ȫԼȫûҪص˼
ŵĵ飬ԸؽңΪˡ
κƽûмƽ϶ǺܶҲ˵һЩǰ뿪ɾָ㣬Ѿ޸ϰа
⣬ǰǼ£ɾ£ڻʱϣ˶ܹϵ顣
еӾֵϣ˼ǣǰǼ£ɡʦǱԩģ
κȻ»Ҫڵ֪֮裬֮ǰ㲻뿪š
κȻ˵ڳ˶֪ɾȿ޸µ£Ǳԩġ
һ¡κƽУ˵Ҳʱ䣬Ҳ˵˴£ڳĳš
ٴһܿ᰾ײ˳ķ򿴹ȥͼŵѹκȻ˹
ǵκȻļҲѺֻ׶ħ衣
κȻ˹ڵأ̶̼죬Ǿ˺ܶࡣ
κȻɫɷף۵Ǿ֣嶼ϸϸĲȻǾ嵽˼㣬ﻹǰǰ緢ģ
κƽκȻ֮ƭȡǮƣħ裬˽Դ۸ᣬкͬţŹ֪
κȻɤӵܣ֪
κƽã֪ҰŹ淣㣬Թԣ
κȻӲҡ
áκƽͷκȻﲢһٱޣȥְ֮ڽҾ˼ڹڲ̤š
κʦ֣׿סˣһٱ޳ȥȻġ꣬⴦Ҳ̫
ʦܡκƽش׿κȻĵӣ˵ȶ£ʦҲΡϣʡ顣
׿ֹκƽȴӷÿʮޣжȥɽꡣЩƭȡǮҲҪǣˣҪŵǸֻħ裬ɱ
κȻ͵̧ͷ˾ˡ
κƽϵ˵ʲôʳãħ衣κȻĴѾˡ
κƽʧĿ⣬κȻٲ˵ʲôˡ
̵ĵӺܿǰ䵽/ϵκȻ˵ʹһϾþûص
̽󣬹ڵϵļ˱Ǳ鲼ѪۣκȻĺѱѪģŵһ£һΣǰȥ
Ȼ׿ɫ䣬˹ȥ۵ضκȻߣȴȥֻýеʦãȻôˡ
Ȼ˹ȥ
κƽԭδ沿ͽյȭͷѱ¶ʵ
κȻʹӣٲ˵Ҳ˵ǲܵġֻΪκȻŲܷ¡
Ȼ鿴κȻû֮ǣֻǻȥˡ
κƽɼ˿Ǵȥɡ
µĵĿⳡƲҵ̷ŵɫɷףκƽϣΪ䣬Ҫȴ¡
µ˵֣ȫսսصͷ
κƽصͷʯ
ϴѾ˲յĵӣµ˲̫ࡣܿ죬ͽе˳ᰡ
ͽܣֵñɾ⼸ǳŵġŵûжġ
Եǰڳ˵ĿⶼϡЩĿк棬ĽȻҲ⡣
⼸գѾϰעӣЩ˿Ŀ⣬ֻ»Ǹʧ
ʯǰ
ǲᰵĽţվʯǰĵӳЦЦ£ַͺá
ᰵͷһְʯϡ
ƽӴʯ˲䣬᰾͸оһӿڣ۾ǹȫܿȺ
ʶ̧ۣͷͼʯʾ֣֡ס
Ⱥ˲ը
Ȼּ׵ȣ
ļٵģ
֮Ѿʮûּ׵ȵĵˣõҲң⡭
κƽҲ¶֮ɫͷݺϸϲɫЦ
᰽Щ˵ĻڶУûж༤תͷȥҶ룬¶͵ЦݵʱŸ촽Ц
ԺܿˣЩӽҪʱϵͳѧϰ֪ʶʼ
ֻǰ궼κȻͼӸ̵ŵĵӣκȻŵĴʦ֣ʱ뿪ţ֪ܶʶֻԼûѧ꣬Ҫ˵̵Щˡ
ݺͱκʦ֣ҿ̵Щӵ£ͽҺʦðɡǰκȻûʱ򣬽̵µӵҲġ
ǡκȻ뿪Ȼ׿ˡ
ȻЦãǰһŮͯңкӾͽʦ֡
κƽͷ׿ݺ͵ʦ֣æʦֱչˣκʦһֻæһˣֱŵģҲﲻκʦʲôæҿ̵Щӵ£ҺʦãκʦִΣ
ݺһ£תͷ׿ͼۿ죬۵ײɫѪ˿ãҲЦ⡣
׿ݺֻԼȴ˵ôѵʦֵҽ̲Щӣ
ݺ͵ʦ˵ʲôȻ֪ģֻǡ
ǲˡ׿ôˡ
ݺͻ˵ʲôκƽʦܣ׿˵еæֻڵҲˣһֻæҪҡ
ݺ֪̾κƽ˵еͷǺðɡ
׿ϲ¶һĨЦݣǰվĺӣǴʰһ£ӥҡ˸ǰס
Ӧǡ
׿뿪ǰߵǰͷЦſҷŲڣҲ˵ʲּ׵ȣŶûʵĺˣģһúý̵ģûʡ
ᰲɵĳ׿κȻж۰ȻҲܸо׿Ц֮µĶ⣬װûз֣ɵصͷллʦ棬һúѧġ
׿һЦģһֻªޡ
**
һϵ˺ܿɢˣֻʣݺͣȻͳˡ
ݺСʶ׿ȻΪ.ͽ⵽طˣ϶Ὣŭת޵ϡ
ݺüͷȻҿҪᰶʦȥӣΣ
ݺͿЦʦãͱˣӣ϶Ůӡ
ȻᰶŶ󣬾һСӣûϵġ
ݺ͵ҲУỵ˹أʱЩôᰶ
ֱվһԣĿӥķҲ֪Щʲôһֱûг
ݺ͸ȻһһĽ̸ĵʮůȻ֪ڵ
ᰵʦʦ棬ǵʦΪκȻʦҵҲ𣿡
ۣݺ͸ȻУһСӡԵĳªǲó֪
˳ĬһݺǰûУǵ㻻˻᲻ϰߡ
ҡͷģһʦúѧģһʦʦ滹ʦʧ
ݺ͸ȻοЦˣҲûа취
ݺͶᰵͷЩεصᰶȹȥʦȥ㣬Ǳ߲ϰߣʦʹ
᰹ɵĵͷãллʦ
Ȼݺͺܿ챻κƽˣټĿյֻʣ¶ͳˡ
᰼ĳ񣬱䣬ʦǻȥɡ
ջĿ⣬һڳȥ
ôᰵЩϰˣתͷһԵˣͼͣ˽Ų
Ҳͣʦôˣ
һֲ°ͣͽܣ룬òȥ׿һ٣Ȼỻ˽̵ˡ
ᰣ
᰿ЦãסתߵĶ룬ʦʦ滹ʲôûأôȥء
зδȻ֣Ϊʦȥȥͻء
ţУʦ㲻ȥ
˽ְΣ㲻ΪκȻ£Ǻ㣬۸㣬Ϊ㣿
룬ҲãҲһĿŵֻҪҺúѧ㹻㣬ٶ⣬Ҳǲµġ
üͷһŰŵĵӻбԣ㡭
ʮȻؽӹȥ֪ʦģһѵһû
Ǽǵú˵ͽֻǵһò˵һҪϾʦͽϵ
ĵͷᰳûķߣʦ֪ңҲ֪ʦô˵ǳܸǶ֣ܴǡ
ɳţɵģ͵͵أ˷Ҹɵġ
һ飬Ҳģ͵͵ҲСԲУ


34 
ڶ졣
ӥ塣
׿ʰһӣڷ˼ʮ, רյĵϿΡ
ʱ, ʮµͳһķ, ɵ֪۾Ž̨ϵ׿
׿һɫŽ, Ļ, ͦһλġ
᰸Ӱ, ǰŵλ, ׿
׿û, ˿ڲרŽϰµӵĵطֻҲϲӥ϶Ƿ, ҲУ, Ҳ㡣꣬Ǿʹڷϸϰ
µǹԹӦǡ
׿ɨһǰĺǣһЦǲҪΪž, ڻʽĵӡ֮һ, ʤ߻ᱻλΪӡ
ڱ̭ҪôؼңҪôһĻᡣǿҪ֪, ʱ䲻, ͬʵ£һʱ, Ҳ֮ܳľ롣
ٴӦǡ
׿صͷô
кӾ, ׿˵ɡ
Ǻվ׳ϣ˵ŵϰơЩʸͬǰıԣʲעҪ̭
ڳĺܶ˶һͬĵǡ
׿ЦǷģضĵطУ䳡ϵʯὫǵͬһˮƽʱȵĲǵʣǼʶ
Ǻ˿ͺá
һ׳ϣЩʲģǲעȲЩʺõˣԶҲ׷𣿡
׿϶ǡ
ǣĺԲţ׳ϣ˵ǲڰοǣ
׿Цһƭʲô˵ܲ׾⻰˵Ĳ٣ʹ츳ѣ̰Դ󣬲úһһ޳ɣᱻԶԶ˦󡣡
˶٣ֵ˼䣬ͨ˼ӵܣûôõԴûкõʮأһԵǿƼڣ״Ԫ;Ҳһߵ߶ԶԼ
׿ⷬĵ׵ĵʧˡ
ĵҲɶ׿־֮⡣˵׿ʦӹɣһλܺõʦ
׿İ˵ɵ֪ʶſʼ
һܿ͹ȥˣ׿ûرעᰣҲû鷳ֻԸȥòͣϢУϡ
׿뿪ıӰ˿ͬʱЩΣ׿ˡ
Եʱ͵͵˵׿ܶûֱҪ׿䵽ȥˡ
þû˵ɻʦ
ʱؿһϣï֦ҶסΣϵͷųᰣΪʦΣ
һ㶣ʲô
üͷһ̶̰գ׿Ϸôŵ㡣ΪʦһôãҲ˵˵ʲôġ
ᰣ
Ҫġ᰽ʾ֪֭õĴʻ㾡ŵ˶ϡ
һһ㶵ģ૵Ҷ֪ԭһôˡ
˵᰿ĳͦ˵ġ
ĬĬȥǵ亹תƻʦԷ𣿡
˵㡣
ժͷһƬҶֵȥϢɣҾ㣬û۸ͺá
ᰵͷȥˡ
ʱúܿ죬ộЩһУȥֻǸ˼ͱһʿˡ
ͷŵǰʿ磬ң
ʿͷһ᰽ӹȥͼдšĵ䡷֣ɻ ʲô
ʿŵķ
գգۣһΧЩѾԶˣΪֻңôûУ
ʿǻУʦһͬϰ
ᰵҲԸһѧ
תͷһۣЩѾ߳߷Χˣ׷ȥʿٴ
ʿʦԸȽⱾ鱳죬Ȼٽ㡣⼸ͲȥУˡ
üΪʲô
ʿųᰣЦһ£ʦ˵ʩ̣ȻЩ˲ͬ
᰻Ҫ˵ʲôʿļ磬Цģʦ𲻻㲻ܵġúýⱾ鱳꣬ʦѧһǰ;
ʿ˵뿪ˣ᰿뿪ıӰֿ飬»ص䣬˸طʼ顣
ֻǺܿ죬һ⡣
ʶ֣˵ڲž꣬⡶ĵ䡷﷨ʽɬѶкܶʶġ
һŵĵ˵ķ伮˽⣬⣬Ҫ˵ϲȫˡ
Ǳһ磬ЩӴУֱ׿ľңֻǰͱˡ
Ǳĵ䡷Ҫʦ׳ϣ鷳ȥͨһ
ſڵʿ˵׿κƽˣֻԭ·ۻءһʱһˣԱ֪׿û
᰿һ۵ƻͨķ䣬ͶӳڴϵӰ򴽣ת뿪ˡ
յʱڰοԼ׿ҪæȴܶԼˡ
׿ǹ
ûֻʧﻹôȸԾ˵׿ûȴʵݺݴ
Ǳ飬Ѱ˸Ƨĵطûԡ
˼Ҫȥ׿һΣͼһֻ޳˹顣
һᵽǹϤʱ򣬲˿תͷȻվǱĵ䡣
ⷭ£ҹ˯￴Ȿ飿ʲôÿġ
ʱ룬Ǻܸ˵ģʦôˣ
Ѿ˶룬Ϊҹˡ
£㡣Ǳѧ
Ϊ˲ö뵣ģᰵͷû˵׿Ϊ£ֻ˵Լ಻ĵطֲ˯Լܳˡ
ЦһҾ֪׿϶̲ѧġĵ䷭һҳﲻ˵
һˣҴͷ㽲ɣ̴ˡ˵ű㿪ʼ˵ĵϵݡ
æ
Ľʮּ׶һֱ֣Ӵų
˵˵ٶ࣬Ƚ壬ġٸ˵
ϥڵϣͷ
죬ϸһѧϰϰݣٸѧµġ
٣̶̼գھһ㱡
죬ᰴšĵ䡷ȥ׿׿ɫ糣һȰģ
׿ᰰк£
ᰵʦ棬Ȿĵ䡷ѾˣҿȥУ𣿡
׿һ٣ɵˣ
ᰵͷ׿飬ɱ뻣ңҪУһ
ɫʦʡ
׿˼ݣ᰺ܿʹ°䡣أ׿ϵЦеάֲסˡ
ڣĵˣգŴ۾ٴεʦ棬ҿȥУ𣿡
׿ǿЦңȥȥͻء
׿߳һӣɫ⼸գ뿪ӥ壿
ҡͷ׿ֵǿ͵͵
ٴҡͷ׿üãԸȥƽȡ
Ӧǣȴû뿪ֹ׿л˵
ӵʦ׼һֱ
̰˭˵Ҳֻ̣ǲڡ׿Цһ裬ȻҲôҵͽܣͬͽܺù
ӵκȻʦȷʵ
׿ؿһֻۣñ죬ת뿪ˡ
׿ܿŽ᰽ӹȥʱһ£ʦ棬ǣ
׿Цû뵽ôͽĵ䡷ˣⱾ롶ĵ䡷ศɵģûȥúÿʲôĵطҡ
᰿кĽʦ棬У
׿Цʸߣã׼̵㡣ֵ𼱣ƾʿ϶ܿ׷ǵġҪľǽ鱳úӣȥɡ
Ǳ뿪׿ľûǣ׿ݶϣɹ̫
ҹԼ᰸ϵطʱ򣬾Ϳһӣ֦
ǰʦֵӣȥˣ
ǡ·ѡƤѧʲô
᰽ƽ˳뷭һ飬һȤ
֪˺ǿȸŵĽ϶ûʲô˼ᰱʦҪա
ȴǽӣ֦վ
ⶶһеӣ֦ųᰵ⡶ƽһΪʽΪʦһʽֻһ飬㿴ˡ
ᰵǡ
ǽӣ֦ΪתŲ۷ɣƮѡ
ǽӣ֦һ㡣紵ӣŶĶƮֱܿΧΧĵ
ᰲɿĴˡ
ɫ仨轣ˣ᰾ãһӡ
һЦУᰵĿ׷Ŷ룬ͼϴһĨЦݣȻǺܿĵģ
ᰵһ̵ĸоʦ裬ȫͬˡ
ˣʦǡ
ܿͣʳᰣΣѧ𣿡
ûлش𣬶ǰһڶǰ
㡭
ͼ᰸ݣ̧ͷ˵ӳᰣݼʦ𡣡
һ󿪻ЦͷΪͻȻ뵽ҪΪʦ
᰿Ŷ۾˵гƺʦǽʦģơڼŵӣҲӦһʦ𡣡
˲ʦʦ
֪һݣһӦǵʦͽ֣ˡ
ӴˣǾʦͽ
**
Ϊ񣬳ᰲûнʾġƽһʽѧڽնãûƽϣֽһ顣
ᰲļ˶üھʽҲˡ
ռ˼飬ʽ轥뿴һɫվ͵ɡȥϢ
ᰵͷǣʦ𡣡
ˡȻסʱ򣬽СӡɾļԨ
ᰵͷҲû룬ֻ뿴ǰѽ
ڶ죬üԨ̳ᰡƽڶʽʱ򣬲С˾ס
ǵֱ׿޾ӣ˲仯Ϊ档׿Ϊߣǰ뿪Ҫˡ
Դˣʾͽܣѽ̫ˣպ󳤴ˣΪʦһѸõ
ᰣ
˵ʦ㲻ЦôģҶҪⷬ˵ˡ


35 
䱻У׿־ŭ
ӥϵĶܿ콫κƽ, ݺ, Ȼˡ
κƽһǰķ, ֿһ۸ʵü쾪ס
׿ҧΪҲ飬һҪ˸ҳ
·, ЩӼһ̽ͷ֡ݺͳ, ᰱ˹ȥ
ݺͶļ, ᰶ, סĻϰ𣿡
ᰵͷ, ݺֵ⼸ʦ涼ѧʲô
ᰵѧ˺ܶࡣ˵ű䡶ĵ䡷ϵݡ
ݺοͷͬʱҲ˿, Цúøʦѧ, ʦԽ㡣
ᰵʦģһúŬġһ£̲סʵʦ, ʦÿնʲô
ݺЦЦʱ뿪, ʦкܶණû̸ϡ
ᰵͷ, ָݺ˵˼仰, ˵һȥˡ
׿һϣûɵĺۼ, ֻܽ¹֡Ͼ쳣Ҳʱзġ
ڶϣȻûУȥ, Ҳûڷȥĵط
ѡΪ˵徻û뵽˵ط󣬷һԵĴϴһƬɫ½ǡ
᰽Ųһ٣ǰȥͼ˯ϥϻһ顣
ᰲɷ˽Ų³붯˶Ǳ˳°ڻ䵽˳᰽űߡ
⶯󣬶뻹ˣһͷ ǡÿվǰһֽ۾ˡ
ʦôӦúݺһͬѧϰµĶ
벻Ӧֵʦǲǡ̿ˣ
˷Ӧ۾ûʲôѧģһ۾ͻˡ
ָǰûҵϵ飬ͷһۣݸҡ
Ӧһȥ񣬾ͼһɫӡ£顰ڡ֡
ᰵһ٣ʱ򣬲俴֡ͫ΢΢һʦǣ
ǰǼӣҽ˾
ֵͷĿͶеľϡ
뿴һ׵ָ⣬ǸȤԿ
Ȼ뿴ģӦһվｫڿһ飬ĺ棬ض
Ĺʣȥ˺ü顣
˵ǡŵϢӣܶ˶ɽȥˡûɽѰһƧ
ҹʱһɲϢһ·ϴǰ鿴
ʱͼϲ/һȾѪĳǽв鿴
ǡڴʱдһ죬߹ȥɫ£ͼһվڷϣħ졣
ˣϻѪŵӡǰ鿴˵һ˻š
Ѫץס䣬˵ЩʲôȴֻܴӺ﷢죬ûϢ
վһԭһ˵ĵӿϵ龰ŵþһ˵ϣתܡ
κƽ˲ħϢϵħݣ豻ܡ
Ȼ˵ǲԲȥ鿴ֻһ˵˵ǣû˿Ϊ֤
෴йɱͬħ年£ȴ֤֤ȫ
ǰȾѪĳŵøεѵҴĵӡ
ټڼûʲôѣϢҲһ𣬺ܶ˱Ͷٺ档ڳ£Ҳɴ˹ġ
ǣ浽ħ壬Ӿƽڡ
Щ궼ûзɾ裬һֱǷħ˽磬˵ºʮӣֵ顣
ԱķѳһЩħа͹伮鵽һѾûʲô˵ģԶˡ
üַ֤˵֤ʡ
֤ж壬˵뼸ʦֵԼڹ·µˣȥЩû뵽ʱͿִɱ˵һĻ
᰽ںϣ⣬ڵ˾ͻᵽ㡭
̧ͷ֪ڶ϶Ϳˣ֮ùһġ
ʰһ»ҵʦǵĻǲҪȴ֤֣ж𣿡
ҡҡͷĵӿϲԤУȻҲˣǰˡ
һ㶣ô᣿
һһС
᰽ӹȥһݺĵġż¡
֮˱飬ҲṩһЩϢ󷭣ˡ
ᰵͷ˵һҳͼдŶ¡
˵谸֤ˣöһ٣а;˼͵Ϊĵҩ
һʣˣ뵽ʲô
ᰳĬƬ̣ɱڡ
ĵͷһ̧ͷʦжģûʲôأȻҪɱڣô֪ܿЩʲô
뿴˳һۣЦ뵽һȥˣܿϧ֮רתļˡôȥˣû֪ļ˰ᵽʲôط
ֳĬãã˺ȥѰļˣ
ʧ䣬̫࣬¾ͽڴ㰲
ᰵͷںǱż¡롣
룬˵ʦҲףɾ˵ģڴ֮ǰ˽ѾûзħӰЩħȻ֣ѵδɹǵľЩħֻǧǰ˽
Ȼɹֻʱûȷе֤ݡߣƾΪʦʱΪҲûЩħ塮šǾ㻳ɣһҲ˵ͨ
ᰲһ£뵽¡ѹֱɾô׾ͷŹԭ뵽һ㡣
ô˵ĻǸʦˣΪһܸˣ
ŵ𣿻˭
ָһʧˣǼ¹󲻾ãħ˵СץһЩħʣȷʵǴħ˼ģǧǰħ塣
˵Цһ˿˵İҲ̫
˶٣ŷŵĻֻͨʲô˽ģܵħȴҧ˵
Ŭ϶˼·ԣΪʦΪЩħ˽󣬲Ÿϵ
һҲΪλһԭ򡣡
ƶǶصͷ˵ˣΪʦ⼸ѧô
᰺˿·׷˼ת˶ĽŲǣʦ𡣡
**
գڹȻ˵š
ûŪĶֻһЩʻ֮뿪ˡ
֪İӹȥô֤꣬ѾˣҪô򵥵ġֻĵȴ
Ȼڵȴ֮࣬Ҫúܸλʦ
תۣʮȥˡ
죬׿Ƿ˼٣Ϣһ졣
ܶຢӽȥ伯Удͻȥ塣
ݺ͵õϢڷϵ
ҿһۣûֶӰʦôûʦ𣿡
ݺ͵ǰʦ治ȥ㣿˵˺ܶ࣬ӥĻʳθڡⲻ˵Ҫ񷿸ȥˡ
ʦ˵ʲôΪԼˣ˵ʦ
ݺһۺ룬ЦĿ񷿰˵һûԹķմĹ⣬ܹ
˵ţһƮ˹Ũ̡
ݺͶһ٣۾˿ɻǲ񷿵ķ򡭡ᰶ㵽ʲôطȥ
ڿŨ̵ʱ򣬳᰾ͱ˹ȥȵ˵طͼĲ񷿡
񷿲ûֻһһŨ˳ŴͳĴƮƮһĽζе㷢ࡣ
Χ˿ֵĵӣһȦûӰץסһ˵ʦأ
ץŵָŲ񷿣˵ʦ֣档
ɫһ䣬ֱӳ˽ȥһȥͱŨǺôһ磬Ҳ˳
۾վǰˣæǰס˵ӣ˳ȥ
ʵĿʱ򣬳˿
˰һͷͼϲ˹ңһһأһֻèɫУҲմȾ˺ܶա
ĵ̾Ŷһ£ִˮ
ᰵʦʲôôҲ֪ܣоǺ𣿡
۾΢΢̧ͷᰶûشᰵ⣬ǵô꣬ΪʦѧĶˣҿͦ򵥵ġ
ᰣ
ûϵʱ仹磬һΪʦһΡ
᰽ëʦѧʲôҸ
۾
ᰵͷ룬ҪͷҪзˮϺʣʶźС
뱨һͷãǾͺͷзСˡģѧ´ʦԡ
ᰵͷá
ЩЦûжִֻһʱѪɡ
ҲѾˡ룬ԸΪ̤񷿣ҲԸʦһӵķ
**
Ũ̺ܿɢˡ
᰸Ӱ˸СʵţѾյĽڵģǿܹϳĶʢͰȻ󽫹ϴˡ
һԵˮ̳һ㣬ֽعγۣƶǣһܿʹˡ
վſ￴ȻԳ᰻ʮָȤͣеĻ߹ȥ˸ʸ£Ȼ߻ȥ
ͷмʿ˺ȥϵĺĤϴɾȻڹﵹͣСؼ壬ͷƵʱ򣬼ˮذִ鶹ȥ
ŰͷʱзϣȻʼ׼˺ˡ
ֽ죬ܿһ峴ź˴ϺʣµİβҲˡ
ʱ䵽ˣͷʢ̰ɫϰװ۵Ķټһ͵Ĵлʳָ󶯡
ʱᵽζ̲סչȥһۣЦϣնˡСɾܸܲҳһڣ
Щ˼ЦȻԡ
õķ˺ܿݺͿϷḻĲɫ̲ס佱˳һȻ˵³Ҳ˶ٷ
ЩԭڳΧ۵ĵӣԴЩģҲһůů
ϵڣЦﲻϡ
µİʼᰵһľһֱţҲɿȥԭݡ
ɽգеĽ벻ⳡЦʳɢˡ
᰸ʢһüЦӣҲЦ
ӣ᰹æµʵ
תۣ¹ȥˣµӼıҪʼˡ


36 
һ죬̨
κƽ, ݺ͵λڸ̨, ֳսС
ŵĵվ̨, ׵ȴš
һʿһľϻϸ̨
׿λϻз˱ǵľƣǰÿ˳ȡһ, õֵͬ, Ǳ˴˵Ķ֡һֱԽ, ʤʧٷֱб, Ȼǰճȡľ, ԵԭֱֳΡ
˶, ֵѾ˵, һֻλϣÿλȡӵ޵ģϣܹԴ
̨ľϻĵǰλʦ, ǿȡľˡ
յĵȥ, ϻץһͷһ, û˵ʲô, תȥˡ
ûע⵽ǣ׿Ŀ, ۵һĨŶЦݡ
ܿ죬յĵӶõԼľơ׿, κƽ˵ͷ
κƽǱ㿪ʼɡ
õһľƵ̨̤
ΪŵĵӿƲŸ׼ľ
᰷ֵʿȥֳ̨ܸ߲ʵʯͷ
̨ºܶ˶ע⵽ˣǴһС
ݺ͵ʯὫе˵Ϊͬһˮƽǲصġ
µǵͷ㽫ĿͶ̨ϵϡ
ܿһۣһ۾ͿվȺеĶ롣Ŀϵʱ򣬶Цų᰻˻֡
ҲЦһ£ܿƿĿ⡣
ЩֵĵվһԣϴŲõЦݣ˷ܵģǻԼһβμӱʱ龰
˵Щµֻ֮꣬ıԻǺпͷġܹĸӸǱ߶Զ
õֿվ̨濴̨ϵıȶܽǵŵʧ
ȶٶȺܿ죬û೤ʱ䣬ͽ˺üԡ
Ӯ˵ĵЦ⣬ɷ˵ͷɥ硣
һΧ۵˸ЩܵĵӼʹǲҪúŬлġͦϲַΧźů
ܿ죬͵ˡ
ֵʱһӵһ˲˶쳤˲ӣȺѰᰵӰ
ᰲһ͸оڳ˵Ŀⶼϡ۾һЩ˵Ŀ⣬̨
žĿС̸˵ⳡµӼıԣڴܹעĵӣǿ϶ǳĪ
ּ׵ȣܱɾпɴûй١
Ƕ뿴гᰵĺӣûʸû١
ľվ̨ϣĶֺܿˡ
˳ʶӥȺУ˽ģ׿ϲ
̨ҲСۣᰶǺӡ˵ЩµУμġ
ģǿпͷˡһ̫û˼ء
˵֣ʱû˵ѧжã˵
꣬Ҫʼˣ˵
ԣ֪ˡ
׿Щ˵ĶԻһֲڶУ̲סĵЦһ
꣬û̳ᰶٶǰһֱ顣ֱԵһǰؽ˳һ飬ҽ̵ļ졣
׿ţţĿٽѧ£Ҳѧᡣ
ʱҲӥϵĶݺ͸ûл͵͵ġ
ÿµϢգ᰻ص壬Ҳֻһʱѣɲųѧٶ
᰾һʮĺӣǷ˵ǺһСǺ׵ġ
ߣ潫¸ݺͣݺûˣͿġ
׿޵ţĿ䵽˳ᰶĺϡ
Щ۵һȷʵ̵Ⲩѧ͵ġ
͵͵ϻֽţó᰸ӳһ֣Ϊľϡ
Ҫʵϵľѹڵһͺݺݴܳᰵĺġ
ֳô˶ڴĿ֮£ѿֻûˡı̬⣬ּ׵Ȼǳ׵ȣɽȥɡ
Ȼ׿̴ˡ
ûã᰾ԾԵʵӣ˵ǲѴ֮
սܵĵӣΧ۵˶ˣ⣬ͽˣ
ոշʲôǲǲŶ˼Уˣ
Ҳۻ˰ɣ
׿Ŵͣ۾ɵԲ벻ףôչ
᰽ľ߹ȥڵϵк
кǺûûжŭʳᰣΪʲôô
᰿кҲֻǷҿ˵ıԣһʽ˳򶼸ϵһ
кɻò𣿡
ҡͷ뵽˵ĻúܺãһɲģҪ֪ͨһζİսϵ˳һҾ֪һҪʲôˡ
к˼صͷл
ҡͷл˶٣һ͡
кһЦáʽźһɡ
һ
µӼıԺܿˣ˵һ
ܶ˱ʾϣҲв˾þȡ
Ϊµǰʱһֱɽ¶ˮܶ˸ûϢڷ£úܶ˾°͡
ΣǶˡ
κƽ鲻佱˳һ˵׳Ͻ̵ĺá
׿óᰵô˵˵Ļڳ̵ġ
׿ﲻЩ߷ߵأᰵı϶ָԼܽƽ˵ز
ɽĿתݺϣȴݺЦݵ˵ʦܣʦֵҪǸǰܵ㲻úýᰶ
׿ֳƤЦⲻЦʦ˵ЦˣͽԼгϢҿûϵ
ݺͿЦûûУҪл㡣ҰھһҪúøһ
׿ǱĲУͬʱҲɻ󣬿ݺⷴӦǳᰱ˭
յĵӼıԽˣеܵĵӼıԡ
һĳЩӰͬĹԣʤл뼸λ¡
ȵеıԶʦͿʼˡ
λޣյĵֻһʽţŵӣֻеȴһĻᡣ
ŵİʦ˫ģʦѡͽܣͽͬѡʦ˶ͬ󣬱Ƕˡ
ֵᰵʱ򣬳һ鷳ͽܣκƽݺĳ
κƽݺνʱ򣬾ȺдһЦûʲôģҵͽԼ̡
׿裬Լûʦأʲô
룬ƫͷʵҪβܳʦ
׿ЦһʦðֻҪܴʦ֡
Ȼת⣬ĿڵֻҪܴңͿԳʦˡ
á˵ġ
׿û뵽ôˬӦˣһ£ĵӿһɱӵŭ
һӣãҽվͺúýѵѵĿ𳤵ĳСӣ
Ծ̨Ǿ˵ԴСǿ
ЦһһԾҲ̨Щĵǰһֹˡ
:ΪʦܿͺãһԿűǡ
̬׿Խŭûýֿȭ͹˹ȥ
Цⲻ䣬׿Ʒǰʱǰһһһɱ˵ǿ
׿ɫ͵һ䣬ҪѾ˵ɳȥݺݵڵϣɫҲֽ԰ס
ͬʱŲ̛Χʯͬʱ֨죬֧Ųסǿֱӻ촷ۡ


37 
һϰŵĵز˶ɴ۾, ǰϵʮֳԾ
׿, ֱָŶ, 㲻裬ôǿΪ˭
ɫһ, Ҫǰ, κƽϴʲôó
᰽Ųһ, ͼһѳ, ǼԨ
ǲ, ˼, ϻˡ
ݺ˿, ԨʯܲסôԵҲġʶ룺ԨΪλУ
æ̨, վߵʦĻ, Ԩҽʦұܵġ
ȷʵʵòѽ, ֵԼὫŪ, ͽˡֻû뵽Ὣѽš
ݺ͵ͷ˵, ű˲׿ʦ, һԣ֮ʤ֮䡣СҲ£һӼƽϡ
׿бͲˬµǰôһˣɫǵͨ죬߷ߵһ˦֣תˡ
κƽ׿ıӰʦãһȥ
Ȼͷתͷ̨ϵĶѽ̫ˡһȥʦ
ĵӦһ
£ϵЩΣκƽˣ᰼ͽܣʹɡ˭̵ʦܣԼ
ݺ͵ǡ
˺ܿɢˣ̨Ͼʣ³ᰣ룬ݺˡ
˼ЩΣᰵݺⷽŵ£ʦʦǲͽܣֻǷʦôһᣬʦ棬һ䡭
˵ţһ¶ӣСͽܵǵӣͷţ˵Ķԡ
᰻˵ʲôͼݺͰЦˣǲý֪ͣġ
ת룬Ϊʦ˵ʵǲǹʦһֱ㣿
գգۣû뵽ôʣҡͷ
ݺ͵ûˣΪʦ˵ʵ
룬ס۸ңֻǳᰡ
⻹ʦһν֣ᰵɿһ㡣
ݺ͹Цԭѽ̣ҡ˶٣ֵĲԣȲʦĳ˵ᰶ̵ôãҲúúллǡ
ͷ˳һۣĴжһ仰
ҽ̵ĺã׵Ŀûֹϵ
¶뽫⻰˵æʦʦ֪ˡ죬ʦһˣҸʦһȥʦ
ݺĵͷǶ˰ɣȻϢȥɡһеҪ˵뿪ˡ
ݺ뿪󣬶ߵ̨ߵľ׮
᰸˹ȥŶɫʣʦʦ˵𣿡
˵Ƥëѡ
᰸˿ʮ¾ͺˡ
ᰣܽСˣ
һʦΪʲôҪʦ涯֣ܾòΪʦô򵥵ԭ
Ϊʦһˡ졣
ᰣ
ɫͷˣʵұҲ̫Ϊ˭ʹ
ʹһ㶣׿ʲô
˵ˣĺܺãûΪʦʧΪ˽㣬Ҿɽȥ䡣
ǸвסģʱѾɽܶˡȻÿζ͵͵ġ
ô˵᰾֪ˣȥߣͷ ʦ߰ɡ
ȵȡסȥ˵ŽԨݸᰡ
᰽ӹԨʣʦ𣬽ˣô죿
һʲôô죿ȥ
һѧĲδعˡȻʦô˵ˣҲܾܾ
һٳԨתͷʦɡ
Ծ˳
ᰲɻͷ˶һۣô
ҡͷΪƾڵ˻ѣȴϵᡣ֪վ󣬳᰻Ϊֻһˡ
һ뿪ɵ·ʱ򣬺ϵˡ
ͷͼЦһãһû±ץסԾ
򴽣оԭȥļԨٴȥһüЦ
ϵٴμأԽԽصƣһʼܿƣҡƲסͬԨһӸ߿׹ȥ
ϣᰵһľڴʱһֱۻסֹ׹
ֻ̧һ٣׹ļԨ·˹ᰵĽٴβڼԨϵʱ˿
һְڳ᰼ϣȥ֮Ҫϰ
񣬵ǡ
½ӹԨĿȨŶ򸽽Сȥ
ǡм˽󣬸ڶֵĳϡ
ʱ䣬˼Ѿ˽ˣȻʦͽѰһľƹݣҪһᡣ
¥λãһƿܿεĴ󺣡΢ĺᰲ˸ѵõط
ԶͼһɽƣΡ棬᰻һ죿
ͷ
ſڴߣĿһԱߵһɽϣǵڷ壬סĵط
ᰵʦ𣬶ˣʦôûأ
Լ˱裬һڲŵãҪ˳һͳˣ˳չظǧ˰꣬Ҳпܵġ
Щ죬ȻҪôá
˵ţС˷֮⣬׼һơ
֣᰾˹ȥͼһֻ޳ֶһʢƵıӷŵǰ
ᰲ̧ͷͼԼҲһᰲȷʵʦⱭǸҵģ
Ȼصͷѽһ˺Ⱦƶû˼ҺȡȫûʶĲǸĺӡ
᰿һǰıӣֻζ˱ǣζǺϲΪѵʦ𣬿ҡȾơ
Цʲô᲻ģֻܺȾˣ͸ˮһ򵥡
ᰣ˵ĲȻǶǸ˼
ͣʹˣǵõľƣʮ綼һͽܣζô
᰼ôãҲɨˣƱССһڡֻһڣ̲סһСǵͨ죬˵ġ
Цϰ˾ͺˡ
ദôʱ䣬᰻ǵһμȾơ
ĳ벻Ⱦ֮ˣֻǽļѣټϵһνӴ˽ľƣͺȵĶһЩ
̲סȰʦ̫࣬ˣϻȥʦͲˡ
ģΪʦǧҲţҺȡ֣޷ֻöƱһ¡
ȵ˴Ӿƹ뿪ʱԳǧĶ룬·ѾЩˣͷԻѵġ
ǣŶߵһƧĵطٳԨЩĵʣʦվҪǳ˳ȥ
ҡͷá
һ·ĵɻȥǰʱ򣬳˿
غס֣ʦطͷ
û߶Զ᰾ǰнŲŲƣæŶ㵽һô
һͼݺ͸κƽ˹
ݺ͵Ȼʮºͣһ˿Ц⣺Ǿ̵ᰶʲô֮һָǡգҾͽϢǡ
κƽͷݺ˵˼仰Ҫ뿪ˣݺ͵ʦ֡
뿪˿Сʦǻȥɡ
һֻ뿪ʱŲȣСĲȵʲôûԶκƽݺ͵ʱתͷ
κƽȵʲô
ĶᰵʱݺͲᰶᡭ
κƽᵽϳľɫһŭ֮½˹ؽ˽ҡ
ϤʮŽңᰳĬˡ
ҿصЦˣȥɡŤͷһ棬СݳϷԸҸ׼ϯӣҹš
ᰵл
ЦҡͷʮŽҵˡ
᰽ȥʱ򣬾ͼѾʮԾһϯ˯ˣ߹ȥ˱ӡ
Ǻ˾ƣ̫۵Եʣһһ۾ͼϥڶ棬һؿ
һʦ𣿡
Ӧһϡǵãݺ˵㽻ҽ̵ĵӽտʼʽϿˣҲ¡
һһխСĽңȷ
°һֻ̧Ҫѧﶼһϴ
ʦ𶼷ˣΪͽܵĳȻû顣
ǣĵһʽѧʮŽеġ
Դˣᰱʾʦ˲СڣⳡڿΣ
Ҹ˸оʱţ֪䣬ʱȥˡ
죬ģ΢㡣
ϣһ̴ʻۿڣ½־ʱ򣬴ϵ˶˿¶ظЦݡ
ܿ쿿ۣԱæµذŴϵĻ¿ǰȻľ˿
ǡڴʱһЦתͷͼ߳ꡣ
Ϊ׵꿴ʮ꣬òȴļΪЦʱЦݸɾ
޳һͨӨĳ˶еĵԵ
ССɣȺһվȴ۵ǸĪһְ֮С
ЦЦǰΪ׵лСɾһ·ͣǲħϮ׼һС¡


38 
Ϊ׵Ӧģ˿
ҲЦ֣, ÷ò˵д, ǿɲ˼Ķ
Ȱ˼, ܾˡǸ¸Ǻ˴
ıӰ֣²ۺ룬Ц, µӶܲ
Ǽ̴, һżںƯô, ڽ, ˡ
ɲǡһ, ѽѽм٣ҪĴתת, ɣ
õ˶˵֧, ֻΪ׵ɣȻȥһˣ, ҲʦǷġ
, û˼˰һеҲһͬˣĴ㶼һ档˵ôŻȥ˭
ѽѽһͬļ, ЦʦʦǶӣ, ûйֻгӴ, 㼱Żȥʲôѽ
εЦ˵ʲôҾȥ
вСͬɿ, һסᰣһȥһܡ
Ҳ壬Σֻõãʲôţ˵
¶õЦݣȻѾȥ֣˼˵ѽһ¿Ķ꣬ϰʮˣպã˳øƯ˳ʩĿѽ˵ӳǶŵҪһ𿴿ȥ
ʮ꣬ͣǶʵĺøУƯ̲סҪ࿴ۣʵûд˼Ǻ档
õ˵һͬƺƵȥ
һһųᰵĸ첲Χм䣬Ƶġεҡҡͷȥˡ
ܿ죬ǾҵǼҶ꣬Ȼ紫˵ǰһĶ顣
Ծŵ棬̽ͷ￴
ͼһɫŮվǰæµţֻһöľҲδʩ֬ۡ
ɼҲӰǵЦʱ򣬴ߵСУǸһݶصζ
ССľһ۵ȸԾһؿڣ˵պҵһλλһƯĵ£Ҳ֪ˡ
һЦǵϢ
ҲЦȥгϢѽ
ҡ졣̫ˣңȵġ
˺Цԣȵģ
Ҳ̲סЦߵĶЩæµŮ̧ͷ߿һۣЦһ¡
һ£Ǹˡ
˺ܾõĶӣ˿λ󣬾СǰҪʲôζĶ
һǵﶹֺֿܶζ
СЦǰǼҵĶ̵ģģȵģġ⣬𶹻ҪˮǼӺ춹ɳ⣬ǵﻹзƶ̵ƶ͹٣Ҫһ֣
һһ㶵ģһݶѣôô
СЦ͹٣ǵԭ򰡡
Цǵõһ֣ǵһ֪ҪʲôƼһ¡
ϡСЦⲻ⼸еȣ͹٣Ƽһݱ򶹻ģǾٷŵۡ
ᰵͷãҾҪһݱ򶹻
СӦһתæµĹߺȵϰһݱ򶹻ټӵۡ
ܿҲѡԼԵĿζСһһϰǼλ͹٣ԵƬ̣Сȥдˡ
ᰵĶһС͹⣬ѽҪǮ
ᰳһڣζϵĺãӣЦǵĶ𣿡
СȻԡ
ᰵ鷳ٸ׼һݣ춹ˮţӷۡ⣬ʳЩ飬һȥ·еԶĻȥͲˡ
СЦӦˣֵ͹٣зƶ۵ƣһݶҲҪҲһݳ
Цóˣһװɡ
Сϡ͹á˵תһæµĻƵӣȥȡʳи
ӵӦһת˺
С뿪һʵᰣⶹǸ˭ģ
һ˵ɵѽ㣬⻹Ҫʣ϶Ǹʦˡ
ǣɵɵѽ㡣ǳôˣĴγᰲʦִ㻹Ҫʡ
ʻ겻ĽصᰣʦͽáҸʦ˵û¿ɲǰա
ЦʦƢôãʲôô
ſϣΪ½̵Ľãû˼Ұɡ
˵Ȼ˾һץסᰵ֣ᰣȻȥɵúúý̽ңҪҪʦ˼ҷˡ
һҲңҲЩطסᰣʱҲ˵˵
ᰵͷ
ʵϸ˵ű͵ĵӣЩýһʦ塣
ȴƽһЦ֡нʵ鹦ڶ롣
ЩʽʦǸϤ
һЩӴһ֣Ҫ᰺ʦ塣
ǡö뾭һЦɨȥһζġʦ尡ЩϢģӴٲó᰽ʦˡ
᰽붹ʱǡСһµСʳй
͹٣ҪĶѾˣ水ķԸ˱顣
䴩һķΣ뷽ŵȫͬ
֪ƣûò죬ͷлл鷳һ¼Ǯ
Ʊһ֣ᰵͷһƶϵʱ˶һ¡
δ᰻һ۾˳ǰǶ
ǰƭ¥Ķ
ȻҲϳ˳ᰣĿɨᰱļԨ¶ֵı顣
Ӷûӣתܽ˺ײײأײĿˡ
һɻô£ˣ
һ°ɡ⼱ææģòֶӰɣ
ڳԷ꼯̧ͷ죡
ĬĬջĿ⣬ⶡܣӦ
ûбĴ㣬ѾΪĴ󸶳˴ۡҲû˵л·Ҳüƽˡ
᰽ϣֱߵʳ룬Ǻú棬Ȼȥˡ
һ·ţһ콻ֻ塣ֱסȴûҵˡ
ץ˸ѯʣ֪ȥĺ
ĺԶڲ
䶼Ǵ󺣣ɽȴһȻˮ̣״Σ㱻Ϊĺ
ĺΧľҲŷģǰʱǴų
СͽڶľϣСںƮڴϱĿС
᰺ܿĺȻԶԶؾͿĺƮһֻľۣһĨɫӰ
ЦЦһԾȵڶľϣûһ㶯
ʳУֽԨ·ŵһԣǰ˼ڶǰ
ֻ뽫һֱԺ󣬲ڴϡ˫΢գ̬ɣ˯졣
ĺӣб·ԺƮӣ
Ҳ֪˶ãһӣڶľϣ϶ǡ
֣ڶޱߵӣǡڴʱһ۾
ջ֣Цʦһˡ


39 
Ŀ⽥, Ÿ˯ѵɳƣôȥôã
, ɢϵӣһ׹Сеᵽʲô, Ծˮ棬ʳЩꡣ
ᰵεǻ̴еԶ, ʱЩ
Ƴһۺд, ̧ͷʳᰣл˳ûˣ
ҡͷʦ, ͽˡ
һ, û˾ͺáҲͲٶʡ
ᰴӰǰʼӴŷ, ǰζ뻹͵͵ţᰶܴĺܺ, Ҳͷˡ
˵, ȫûг֣Щʧ䣬Ҳʦ̫͡
ʰһ, ùʳеʦ, ȥ˻򣬸˶
, ͽÿγ, ʱ򶼻ʱģʱǳԵ, Ķܺ⡣
Ŷʲô
᰽ʳиӴ, ͼзһɫС롣
ʢŽ׵Ķʵˮ;Өĺ춹˷ۣ˼ˡ
һ·ϻûʱ䣬Ժеı鲢ûڻ١
ʱԺе𣬽ɫСУ˸ʳˡ
Ǳ򶹻ЦŽͬݸ룬ǰûԹ֣ͽˣζ͸ʦݡ
ӹȥһڣصͷóԡ
ϵЦݸˣʦϲͺáִһʳУзƶȡ˳ŵǰ
Ǽҵʳкܽһ˱飬Ĳϸ˱⣬зƶȵġ
Ҳԡ
ҡͷҳԹˣЩТʦġ
ЩһҪҪˣ
˵ŽĿٴͶУҿˣʣһץֻȥԺβȥ
ֳ̾ӵգҿ治ҹά㲻ڵ⼸գҪΪʦˡ
Դǰ볢ᰵպ󣬾ͺԸķˡԸŶӣҲȥóԷ
Ҳǳ᰺ŷֵġֺ˶˽ÿ֮࣬˶һ͡
ȻΪҲĳЩ˵Ĳ
һκƽ׿µ֪ײڳæµ
κƽŭˣݺһ˵źûκƽǽѵ˸Ѫͷ
ʵʵسϴ󣬵κƽǰһߣתۻسȥˡʮֵءԲġ
ᰵΪӵһ³ݡ
꣬ᰵͻͽҪԸ⣬ֻ¶ܵʹˡ
ȻͻͽͬʱҲԽԽˡ
˶ĻᰵãȻȥ׽㡣˵žҪֹ֣ˡ
зƶݸ
Цʦⶹ͵Ƿǰ죬š
û˵꣬ͼӣҨһ׶͵Ĵߡ
ů촽ʶһ£Ӻܿ׷˹
졣
˽Ƭ̣ڳᰰһзζĶʺһ·ůθ
ζΣ
мǵһαιǸ˻ʦЩ˼صͿһͦͦóԵġ
˵꣬ͼеҨһ׶͵ߡ
ӡ
᰽һʦҪֹѾˣؿŶ뽫С
ᰵ˲ǵͨ죬Ѿùˡ
ȻûЩͷζҲ˵Ҩһףæе˹
ӣɻƫƫͷѯʲô
ᰶһŴЩ˼СʦǵӿǲܣȽֻθܲˡҳ԰ɣ´Ҹ
ЦáӷŻУȻһץַŵβļԨץ˹
ͷŶһ̧ͷȥͼ뽫Ԩ.˳
ѯʦҪʲôͼŽԨ.С
ˮƬ̺󣬺еŰ׶Ƥˮϡ
ЩȻǳܲס׻ιȥġ
źϿơ׳ۡľ󣬳ᰳ˳ǡ
ñɾ֪ʦʲôĻɫʮ־ʡ
˼㣬ǶڴϣȻ˦ȥԨϵĺˮʡ
ᰳ˶ʰãùڶľϵĴ
˺ܿ˰Ǽβڶ뿪ʱһۣͼЩеѾָʶˮȥˣŷġ
ȥ󣬳˺β
ǼβУһ㣬һ㣬СˣСࡣ
سһٱʮ㡣᰼⣬ȻҲʮֿġ
극᰽˲ˢϴ꣬ˮʱһӾ们
ʱ塣ᰶһ٣һż
ʰöϴ󣬲סǿ壬½ڡ
񷿵ʱ򣬾ͼڲǰСʯǰ߹ȥһʦ
һȥɡ
ᰵͷá
񣬳ڵģɽʦȻô롣
Ҫݽϣһӿޣʲô˼Щʦֵܡԣǲʦֵܡ֮˵ĶԣӦ÷ɷɣ۵ֻ
ĵѾ㹻ˡ
㲻һҲмҪʦɽȥ䡣ţֻûĸӣˡ
Ȼ֪ı⣬˾ɽܣŸһ⼸еƻᣬֵĺܣͽܣһ𿴿ȥ
ʱãЩûΪӲĲرĲס
ֻ˸ߣûüȥͱݺĵ˹ȥ
·ĵӺܿһǰͣʦ棬ǽȥɡ
ᰵһлһͬȥˡ
ӳݺͰ칫ĵطһȥͼݺ⣬׿ҲȻ
ڻվһˣϴŵӵķΡ˻عͷκȻ
Щ죬һ룬ȥˣκȻĳͷҲ
ûκȻƵģųڡ
ݺЦˡĿͶڳϡ
ʦҷŸʦһҪʦҾһˡһ׿ǲ㣬ᰶȸˡ
ݺЦûʲôģʹɡ
ᰵͷվһԡ
ݺͿ룬ЦΪʦսмҪȥ
Լ࣬ԭһֻ˵ħ崳һС򣬽ٳ˼ʡ
ݺ͵ħŰڵӶʵڲ֣Ϊʦһˡ
ü


40 
Ƕ룬ҲЩ졣
ǰİ, κƽɽȻ, ȫˡ
˿, ȷʵ಻̤һô
ת˼ܿˡ
ǰ, ڽе˶Ųһ, ȴһɵûҵļҲû
˵, ֲ˿ɵ, ǰӾͿûѴ, ӱȽ⡣
ɾ֣, ڶԴҲʮͷۡӿ˽ħԽԽ, ھͽӸˡ
ţɾ, 趨Ȼ޹ġֻҪ˽޺, ҲҲûʲô£ǽЩ˼ħҪ
ݺ͵, Ϊʦ֪, ίˡ
ίʳµĵص㡣
˸ɴˬݺĵ״, ·ڻ򡭡ɫ죬ᰶ, л˵
ǳջĵط
˵ŵĵڣתһ룬ʱѾȥһˣЩ粻֪ڵʲôطȥˡ
ңЩڻĻħ崳룬ǶϲӲܡ
˳˼ʦʦһȥ
ݺ͵ŽúϢɡ
ᰵҲۡʦһûʦһͬأóʦѧ㶫
˵ûʲôѧģץסһپˣСͽһڴӣû⻰˵
᰼֣ݺ¶οЦݣͷǺðɡҪúչ
ͷҲϻų᰾Ҫ뿪
ݺͽסͷ£
ݺһĿվһֱûпڵκȻϣУκʦͬȥ
뿴κȻ˵ĿڰײκȻĿ䣬¶֮ɫ
ֻɨһۣƿĿ⣬ȫû
ЦͲ˰ɣЩС£Ҹᰶܽòôˡ
ݺ͵G˶ҲиӦ˵ʦֵҲмδˣΪʦ֪֮Щᣬóλᣬˡ
Ե׿ʦܣ˵ǲǣ
׿ɫƬ̺쳶һЩӲЦݣţȻ͸裬ѧһЩͬʦֵܣʲôҹء
ǣʦ𡣡κȻȻܲԸ
׿̬ȣӦκƽ⣬ʦͽʹĲԸҲֻܹˡ
κȻת룬ЦһܵҾлʦֶչˡ
Ȼ£ҲͲ˵ʲôκȻһ´ǣ˵˵
Ŷ뺬ЦӣκȻɫһ̲סһ¡ĵ֣ôое䡣
˷䣬ȥʰ˶ǰ
һᰣǵˣæӭ˹ѣˡ
ⱨ˲ͨգһСɵĵӡ
ͷ ߱˵ɡ
һһƣľ򵥵Ľһ飺ҹ׷һħħˣЮһҶϰͻơ֣ǲʵûа취
˵䣬ֱߵһСǰ᰷ﾹճԶĵطһ¡С
˵ħͲҵǵ˵ˣͽİתƵ˰ȫĵط
᰻ͷһ۳֣ȻͼһҲûС
κȻǰǰӣĻ
¶˼ı飺ˣЩǸġ
κȻбһۣ˭˵ڿ佱㣿±ǵʧǴܣħǱЮʣ
⡭û뵽κȻ˵ֱӣΣ˸
κȻѸ߸ϵ̬һ飬泩˶ֵʲôİ취ûУ˵
࣬ɵزҿڡ
κȻһĿٴǰŴյϣȻû⣬Ǿҵ뷨
Ĩæ˵
κȻ˵ħһ·ˣҲŲ˶áǾģȵŲȥǽ棬Ǳ䲻⽫סҲܱ֤ʵİȫ
˵áܲʡ
ģҡֻʻţİȫбϡ
κȻ˵ת룬ü۽Ǿǵ֮ɫʦ֣ãΣ
ͼǼȥκȻ˺ӣе裡
Żͷһۣ̫󣬸ǧ˰֮ǣļıҲڵħȥ
űӵͬһԽǵĶԻڶУ̲סһЦ˳
κȻЩҲסŭЦʲôЦҷֻǡ
벢ţԳ˵ᰶһбʣֻסħ弴ɣӲ
ʦԳ֣Ȼʲôʡ֪ô˵Լͷǣʦ𡣡
һԵʿСĻΣգǰ˵ѣħײж񶾣ͺãλСݱһ°ɡ
Цءֽ̳ͽܣȻ֪Ρ
˵ɿκȻҪһëӳ֣ʦ֣δҲ̫ˡ
û˵ʲôǰһ߿˷š
û뵽˼򵥴ֱһʱЩ¡
ϰ߶·񣬲ûоò졣żԨȫעĶ
ûãڴŮҲӵ
ͼһɫӰӴɳлץһˣӦǵĻơ
ħʿǰСģҪ˵ʡ
ץס
֪ǱƵΪԵʣħ׺ץһˣͻЩʿΧ
վԶһЩĵطħֱȥʿ󾪣ССģ㿪
ûж㣬վԭأĿħϣֻнһԨʡ
ħǰڴʱԱߺȻһֻֽƵһԣûзһӱƿˡ
תͷͼκȻȡվλãκȻûСӵ£
ֻκȻֱֻ֣׺Ѫħ塣˼ľԽԽκȻҲħ
˵Ŀϵʱħһ۵һĨ⣬ֿǣκȻ¶һĨ˵Цݡ
κȻԭأѪɫʾ
ʦСġһֱעκȻǱߵĶԭز֣ǰ
ħЦһһƴκȻͷᰡ޷ֻýɹκȻסˤڵϡ
ħûЯˡ
ŷһвת˲֮䣬˲ûвκȻ
Ƿֳȥ׷ܵħ壬еѯκȻûš
κȻЩ˵ĹĳţĿ׷ܵħ壬תת飬תͷʣ㡭ںδħģ
һ˵˺ħͷ죬ڵͨϡҲżȻģʱϾʹˣ˵ĲᣬǱץȥͣˣ
˼κȻɫ죬ȥɵѣʲôף
κȻҡҡͷǡöűȵ˹һֹȻǶϰ͵Ļơ
ϰɫ԰ףȻ˲Сľţ˵лץŶ:ɾӱħץˣһҪ
˵ӣ
ϰǷűħץߵĺӣжǶӡǺ࣬ɾһҪȾ
ңᰲδ屻ħס˵һ˵֪ץߵ˾Ƕ
ǰģǻġ
Сɾ㣡ϰԵĻϳ˳ᰣ㻹ǵһ˵ء
һǵá
˵䣬׷ħ˻һ˵ħץˡҲ飬Ŵһ·ߡ
ֻϲηӿʿڿħӰ
һߣѷģһƬѾħػһˣܲ˶Զ
ĿںϣֻԶĺƯһ㵭۵һĨζȻɫͷá


41 
Щʿһֱȵ½, Ҳûܽħҳ
̲סֹ, ⲻܰ, ô㳤˳Ҳӳȥ
ͷ, ˻ںС
⡭һʿ, ²ǲ, ֻں, Ϊһֱûз֣
һҲѽ, ħǱˮУŵ˿ɲܱôʱ䡭˵ɫ΢, ѽɱ˰ɣ
ҡͷ
ҲܵǶ, ̲סڵʦ˵ħ廹ںУײںδ
뿴˳һ, һָ棺ǿ
, Ҳ˳Ŷָķ˹ȥɳãã, ʲôû
⡭ʲôûѽ㿴𣿡
û, أ
ҲûС
ź棬ĿȻһ, жȻҲע⵽ˣǲٵ̸, ˵Ŀⶼںϡ
ܿŨʲô˺ˮ棬ԼһȻԺ
Ũɢˣһǰ֮ϣһɵĸ¥ϵ׺飬ҹɫ⡣
˲ס˺⣬ǡ
¥
¥
Ҳȵ۾Ǵ˵еĺ¥
һϵĻҳ߰ɡ
ĵ׵ľȣһԨŶ¥ȥʱ˵λѣˣϡ
᰻ͷͼκȻ겻վںߣ˵Ĵߴ٣
ᰵĿκȻ԰׵ϣĵЩɻôˣӷſʼЩԾ
:ȱħץס˵
һջĿ⡣
һ˺ܿ˵غŷֺΧ˰ءЩʿ˴˶һۣЩɣĴ˵ػ塣
뵹ûôൣǣһƫͷ򺣵ȥæϡ
ᰶǰ˵¥񶼼ǵκȻȥֻײеʳħ衣
ûʲôӡߵʱһֱϸΧĻ´ͻȻܳʲôΣյĶʦ
û߶ãǾ̤һƽ̹ĴԼǰһ̧ͷͼǰһֵĳ֡
ֵ̣ݾ¥ӦоСϸУֱкܶС̯λŸɫ䡣
᰿һ۳ϵˣģʿżҲܼҡӣ󸹱˽縻̡
ЩźЩ˷ܵ˵֪¥־Ӧġ
ΪȻ˴Ȼ죬˼ĳҪϰٱֹ
ĿӹˣԶɸߵġ¥ϣ֪¥УǺεȹľ
ţվκȻֵ
κȻأΣԵ˼Żعһ۾ŷˡ
˾κȻӹŹŵĵλһ㶼ûбֳѽ㡣
κȻŽĿͶǰĶ룬Цظ
κȻվԭû
ǹӰĹϵ᰾κȻɫЩϸκȻѾ˹
̶ʮ·κȻѾ̬ܿڶǰվˣʲô£
һҲںӵ̬ȣЦҵһεԴ˵زǺϤЩ㡣
κȻ
벻Ϊ⣬ħˣѰҩҽˡ¥⣬¥鵤ҩ˵ˣȥ
κȻһǣ̬ȷܣʦ֣ô֪֪ʲôطȥˡ
ô᣿ֻħ費Ǵӡ
ħ֣κȻɫ͵һ䣬źۼɨһʿǰһѹɤ裡
κȻɫһ䣬ЦŶˣ֪Ȼκʦܣ㡭
κȻæٵӦ¥һָԶĸ¥
üͷһ㷽Ų˵֪𣿡һ°ͣ´κȻüۡ
κȻĻţҡֻһʱû㿴Ҳöûˡ
ͷԭˡЦ˵һΪάħء
κȻͫ͵һܿĿ⣬ŹôأȾҪǿ߰ɡ˵ǰ·
᰿κȻƲֻʵıӰšü
ĳᰵļ磬Цߣͽܣȥ˵е¥ȥ
лҪ˵
ëұ𼱡
κȻ趨һСڻңϷݶ˵㣬⣬˵һ䡿ܻҪQһʱ䣨ǣ
һģң


42 
ܿ죬һ¥ǰ
뿴, ᰲŷ¥ÿһש, ÿһƬƬý͵ġ, һμ˵ɣ̲סһ¡
ͬеʿҲ̲ס棺˵¥ҷ, һ, 鴫š
Ҳ֪¥˾˭, Ǻôֱʡһ¥, ֻ½ȥˡ
˵, ͼŶɫȹŮͯЦݹλ, 롣
˵Ÿһ˷ַߺơϿ, еĸͬ
ᰵͷеƣֻй⻪, ڲ΢
쵽ߺܸȤ, ϺŽһЦл
СͯЦĸ, ף¥졣
һ, ȿ¥ڣæȥ
һ, ĵŸ輧ҹݺɤ, ʹ˵Ҳŷ
ڴУһ͹Բ̨Ůģ˶òǾɫ
̧ͷͼ¥а㣬۴һ㣬ֻҪһͷֵܿľ
С˴ӭЦλԶӿǶˣҪҪСһ£¥еʳ
ɨһΧһ¥ǾܶƷ۵֮⡣
˵к֮ͬǱÿһλˣ϶ߣơ
᰺ܿջߣվǰСˣһΪץħ壬ȷʵûüԷȻǳԷʱ
Цʱûʲôθڣٳԡ
СʶȤ뿪ˣ뽫ĿתκȻһ㣿
κȻһ֣ͷȻͣ½Ų̧ͷϷ
۾Ϊħ٣æ䱸ȴ˵˴߰㣬ѵҪһһȥҪˡ
ᰣ
룬ʦҪҡ
ڴʱκȻָһǱдͷ󡣡
תͷκȻκȻҲǲ
һҲûΪǰȥ
ʿ˺κѶԴ˵غϤĪǰҲŶһκʦܣ֪κȻʲôġ
κȻץʸ̵ֻͣ¶˵ء
ԭ˵ͷʣκѣ֪кãҼÿ¥ˣжһ顣
κȻ¥ڵı治ͬǾáϵıţˡֻҪ˲뾺ۣϵֱֱӸеǽϡ
˵䣬һǰ
ᰲڲǿ֪κȻ˵Ĵͷ󣬾ǰ
᰸ǮһκȻ˵һ¥һͷ󣬳᰾ᵽһҩ㡣
κȻָŲԶһãǵҩľ֮ء
᰿һۣԶʦҪʼˡ
һȴûǰùеߣϸĵΪϡ
û뵽Ȼ΢΢һ£ڱǼĿɬҩ㲻ˣȡ֮һϤȻ㡣
գգۣػһʦ
ջ֣һ˴ӣ䲻֪ʲôţ񣬻ǽΪá
⻰̲סΧһۣȻͼĿ䵽һϡ
лмڶߺ͸¶ŹŹ֣ǴŴ֮⣬ܲ
еļʿҲΧ״ߴϡ
һ˵¥˵ܵһ˭ϲ˭
ǰѹ˵¥ءⲻõıϳȻʲôԡ
˵ĵĴȥ
ڵʱ򣬺ʹعͷͼŶǼˣ۾ڵϣ.ֹ
ᰵһӦʦʲô룬ȴɫ糣ֻ΢΢촽
һʱҲò׼ǲǶˡ
ٴŤͷһ..಻ֱ۾
ջĿ⣬ɵĴһǡֻĵ׻ЩãȻ
ʦΪζǶ֣ѵΪЩ˶࿴Ǽۣʦеð
̨֮Цһ
Сʣѣħڴ˴𣿡
ӦһѰ˸λ࣬ʾ᰹ȥ
󣬿һվԭصʿλ磬Ҳҵطɡ
ôһ˵ǲŷӦվڴ˴ȷʵ̫ۣæͽ˸λ
κȻ̵Ųλǰ
ǰǰɨһۡϧĶˣ֪ħںδ
⵽κȻľٶԵĶ˵ȴһֳ°ͣĽζͷҲŽעת̨ϡ
ڵƷƷÿһóֵǡ
ĵķʽҲȷκȻ˵˿ڲ뾺ۣ˵ֱǽϡ
֪˶ã輧һµϻ־ĵЦһƷת鵤
ˡһըˡ
ǰ˵¥оת鵤ҩ
ҿ˵ת鵤ʥҩ˵Ķأֻһţָ̼۷״̬
ǰҩ֪Ҫءûˡ
ĺܿ쿪ʼ۵˺ܶ࣬۸ڽȻһɳƵģ
ע⵽һԵʿʱȫ˾ֱͦ˼米֪ſ˵ģ׷ħ塣
ħ£Խ̸
һžת鵤ľĵ׼ʮӼۣŵȴֱӱһô֣ȻǶԴҩڱصá
ںܶ˶Ծڴ˵ֱʣҪ֪Ǻװֻһҩַ֮ҩһţʵЩ㡣
ܶ˱ļ۸Ȩһˡ
ֵ̨Ц˼Ӽۣת鵤ڵһٰʮߺſˡ
£ᰲԵĶ붯˶תͷͼݵվЦһǧ˶٣ֲƽ𡣡
̲סһһǧƽ𣡴˶Ƿˣ
ܶ˶תͷλã֪۵ĸɵϡ
ȴֻһýİɫӰһԾӹͷֱǰ̨
ͬʱһѳ嵽̨ϣлһˣƤڣꡣ
ָצĿֱȡ̨װžת鵤ľϻ
Цһһƽ˱ˣľϻһƵؿŭħ塣
붯֣ʿҲæȥħΧס
᰽󣬾ͼħץеĶֵĴУᰣɾɾңңҲҲ
лҪ˵
ᰣʦѣûôǮ
룺


43 
˶ûϵд˱ʣһ¡
ǲħϢʱ, Сµŵñͷ, вֹ
Щֵ, վԭĽζߣȥæԸħ塣
ħ, Χ, ۿҪס, ۵һĨĹâ, ӥצסĲ, ൽǰ
ɱ
ħ֮ŶС, ΪΣʱ, вЩʿ
ʵ֤뷨ȷġΧʿһץһͨˣηη
ֻһ˳⡣
ɲץʲôǰ, ֻ΢΢һ, գ۵Ĺħǰ
ħһҪ, 
һƻ, ֱȡħţħǱ, ĺȥ
ܿ, һϵĳ᰽ס棬ָᰲ֡
ֻõûˣ㰲ȫˡ
ħץסʱ෴ĵطȥ˳ͻˣŵķȥ
ԭԭؿֵģ˱ŵɫɷףӦħѾܳš
Ҳ׷˳ȥ
᰷ŶҲȥɡ
ͷԽץųᰲ֡
ᰳţ·һɧΧǰͷ¿ͼ׷ħ嵽һ¥Ѿ֡
¥ĺܶ̽ͷ֡
תԶץҡ˵ⲻȶӦԨͷ˳ȥ
ڶļУȵһ¥ͼ̨վЩ輧Ůʦ䣬ųɪɪ
һţò͵Ҳվڽ俴֪֡ǰҲңԴŶһ˿ִ
ŶȺߡ
ôߵλ÷ŵɫڶûлߵʱ򣬸˫ȷһСĲ˽š
ȥСײˣæǸ
תͷͼһ޳ĳӣŴ磬Ӧˡ
ӱȳҪ߳ܶ࣬лһҡҡġͬߣͨȴζڲסġ
˵޷
Ц⣬ܺ˵ģ
ĿڳͣһƵеļԨϡ
ЦССͣд˵ǰ;
ᰲʶˣԲֻ̫࣬Цһ£ͽĿת̨ϡ
ӿ˳ᰵĽ䱸ҲǿܿջĿ⣬һ̨ϡ
սħˡ
ǱƵ˾ԵʣԽսԽ£ҴҲԽԽҪЩʿһʱܽ
뱻ҵ˽ͷۣʮ뽫ͬħһˡһֵ£Ը
ȫλߵ⣬ЩҲûȥ
һ˿Ľеѣħ׺ĺܣ㡭
붯һ£תͷЦҡ˵ҡԡ
֪Ǻԭ˾ú󾱵ĺë˸£ͼѾȥ
󾱣૵֣ôое䡣
ΧûңãҲõˣʮٵؽս
ŰǶǽڵħ壬صͷתͼʿ۾Ƕסˡ
üİɣˡǽϿȥ
ŻعӦһǰȥˡ
᰼뿴Լߺ˫۾ɺÿΣҲŷ
̧߹ȥȻƳȺվһˣĵһӦǾ֡
¥ÿ˶ߣΪλҪԼʵ
Ϊԭ򣬳̲ס࿴˼ۣ˸ڵĺܶһĿⶼħϡ
Ⱥдһ󾪺תͷͼǽ䵽ϵħһ˹ȥһʿ
˷ӦͼһɫӰ͵ش˳ȥ񽣷ָֻħĿڣֻ͡һ죬дѪ
ħ͵һͷһ۲/ϵĳֿǰ֮ˣǲԼô򵥾ˣ촽˶㡭
κȻɫɷףϵѱ亹ʪ˼һѽħһݺݵ˵ϡ
˶ǰıʾˣһʿκκѣ㡭
κȻ彩һ˲ַܿתͷڵҲ޷̽ʱı顣
κȻĨһѶͷҡΪҪˣһʱ鼱š
ǺáһʿͨطĿжʳණ⡭
κȻԲҲǹġô˵ȴԽɡ
ΧħߵһʿȻеšּһһûдλѣǿɴ˵ĵҩ
ϢͷһϲκȻȴٴν͵תͷĿԵħϣ۵ǻҡ
벻źۼؿκȻһۣһȥ¡
˵ͷһǾת鵤ϵʱһϲ̫ˣˡ
ת鵤䲻˵ܹ˲ҽκ˵ƣסħһСǴ´ġ
ȷԵħ彫ת鵤ºų˿ǰħǻȥɡ
ιҩ˵ͷͷһԵκȻЦκѣҲѾ
Ļû˵꣬һһϮʹ㿪վȽŲڽĸ輧ŮĽ
תͷȥͼħԴ֪ʱˣµµ˵ϡ
⣡ͫȻһ͵̧ͷɨΧ
ҲЦ֮⣬ĿɨȫȻĿһֱ׷һ˶ȥ
᰷ֶ׷ǷĺˣЩ۾ǰȴץס˸첲
ҪȥģҪң
㹦Щ˵ʿѾӦ׷ȥ
ᰱ˻ɨħԴ͹κȻűߡ
κȻͷǿͷ­һȻ˫ϥһѰ˵ϡ
̲סüǰһ΢磬һתͷ־ǷСײӶˡ
ֻӰһΣӰͬȣգۼǰ
ǡ׷űߣסȥ·
뿴һ۱ĺˣջĿ⣬ǰĽӣǺˣ
ˢչȣǰȣЦţ¥ˡ
ˣ¥˸е棬ۼˣɾȵ۾ǽơ
Ҳ̲ס࿴˼ۡ
ȶ뿪ڣһʿ¥ˣö˶˵ģ
ЦҲֻλɾλ⡣˵Աó·
ЩòסʲôЩɡ ȥ׷ˣｻҡ
ãСġЩ˱˴˽һ񣬶ܳȥ
Ƕ뿪󣬶뿴ǰĽӣ£ͦɻģҺʶ㡣
Цǲʶ
΢΢ƫͷĵĺ棺ʲô
Цųһֻ֣ɾһǧƽû.ǷˣĶѰȥ


44 
ûȻ˵ԭ
ӵͷˡȻΧͰ
һ, ûҪڵ˼, ӵôɾ, Ǹأǡ
ϳ̴ӴȺ߳ʱ, żҵ븶, ֻǽе㲻, ûôǮ
Ȼ֪̯˴鷳, ô˵, ᰻˿ĵ, ʦûֱ˵ûôǮ, ҪȻ϶Ҫʹ
̴Ӵ˾ͣתͷʾԼ¥
ӺƢЦ޷û, ƱҲǿԵġ
ҲûôƱ
뻰µʱ, ڵնȻһ̴ӵĿⶼЩ
ʵҲ, ΪĻش, ̫ˣˡ
ڵձ仯һֻ֪о, ֻûзϡһֳ°ͣ˼һ, ɷǷ
һԵĳᰣ
Ƿ˵Ƕǰ˵ġʱųɽȥ棬ײͽ˶/
սţͼ̵ֻܳһˡûܳԶͱϵסˡ
һ׳˶ײеĴƵķӣǷծ
ܵ˱ñףڳݲصȡҡӮǮͿԡˡ
ʱһǷʣú棬ʳʲô˼
ᰱһ飬ֻһעܿ챻/ֵľˡ
᰻Ϊûȥû뵽סˡֻ¥ˣƢͦãֻ²ôġ
ǽ˶ĻһЦҡͷǿɲУ¥¥Ĺأ˶ͱǮ˶٣һ䣬¡
Žӻ£ڵ¶Ƚ㡣
ߺ󣬳̲סšüʶ߬˽ȴҪҵ
һҲо£ȻҲûǲȷƵһʡ
ҲôҪ ৵һӽȺˣǰᰵ°ͣЦ̬ҶɾһģԸңһǧƽҿԲҪ
ȥĳᰣӵһϯԭأЩ㵵۾ŲԶüĶˡ
ŵ⼸꣬ᰶ飬ЩǴнģҲݺġ
ЩȻʲôе߰ݡ
Ů֮³֪ĶҪ˵Ӷˡ
ᰵһ뵽Ǿ꣬ڴ¥Щ/ħ塣Щ˲Ժ֣ͯͯŮֱͯɥĲ˼㡣
ŲʦϵĽӣĵӿһŭŭѸңԼܿƵĵز
ҲƣУǶʦ£ܡ
Եĳᰶһ£Ҫ뿪æסĸ첲СȥĶ
ֱ˦һȥ
¥ڵ̴ӼͻȻΪҪ¥Ҳ˹ȥ
ɫһ䣬ֱӽ˹߷ɳȥ䵽ԣһƴ򿪽еȣ뻤
ûаν֪뽫ֵ̫Цһ޵Ư֡
һִڳ᰼ϣԼߴ˴˵һǧƽ𣬾Ҫң¥ˣĵӵǲС
˵ָסᰵ°ͣ۾һȻԽӵ㿴ҼСͽܶˡ
ᰣ
ʦʵ̫ͽӵϷҸŮˣ̲ס˶벻ֵצӡ
ֽĿڶϣԣǾܾˣ
뷴ʣأ
һһԼģòŵðɣȲԸҲǿ㡣ǷеģҲΪһ˻¥Ĺء
һ˵ţһ߽ĿڶͳϣȻ⣺Ҳ˵㣬Ҳ̫顣ϵķΣӦŵĵӡλСӻȡǮڴ֮ǰɾ¥СסգΣ
еСӣָǳᰡ
ȶ뿪ڣ᰾ͶȻܾС˿ʦԴŲĿģɲöһ˴
ڽ¹ٴοǰֵа취Ǯ


45 
ӣŶ⣬ǲŵġ
ӭŽӵĿ, ¥֪, ķһ㡣
֪, ¥Ϊ֮أ챦¥֡ķЩط, ǲٵġ
롭˲˳ᰵ˼, ЦС, 뷨ǺõġҿҪ, ¥Ķͽ, ɶǸеĸ֡һǧû, ծ
ᰵл¥㡣̬, Ѿ⣬ˡ
ӻܣͼһ¥վ˿ֵ, Ҳ鷳ҿ̨Ͽ, ȤĿ˶Բμӡ
Ȼû飺á
ӱԸʰһ¥Ҿ֣˳׼
᰸һϢ, ˵ľ밤úܽ, 첲첲һ
Ȼģû¶, ϰˣ˰һ, ĵ׵ŭʧ
᰼ĳ̲סʦʲô
һǧƽҲһ˵һħ壬˭뵽ת鵤ˣǮ
ᰱЩίЦˣʵʦǺˣ
û˵ᰵ˼Ȼ
֪ԽǮûǮǴִŵģ˵һ£ֻǻδڣĵûи
Ȼʶʲô˳һۣˡ
ȴжδ֮⡪ûиΪʦˡ
ĬһԵлʦ𡣡ǵҪͽð
ˡ䲻֪лʲôǵ˵ͷˣ㷽ǲл˵
һ˵ڵĻȴ뷽ȫ෴ʦͽԺú׬ǮģԺ󲻻ٷˡ
ĵ״ãЦᰵͷá
Ǳ¥̴Ѿ̧˶뿴һۣԳᰵͽܣҼǵ˵ĲԡôҪǶˣ
Ǵζųķһʱ棬Ҳȥû뵽ʦͽ˰սʤķϰ廳ǳǧ˳ȥ
û湻ᰵʦ;ԺΪͽ˵ķǸȥ˵˵
󣬵ûٽķˡ
ᰵֻҪУżһҲǿԵġңҲʵûа취ˡ
һǧ˵͵ţܹ뵽κƽ¶ŭı飬ֻݺͶΪѡ
һʵа𣿡
Цʦġ
ǴθķҲƽһΡûãʦͨһЩϡ
ͬǶ/Ҳһġ
Ҳϵǰ㣬ڶϰսʤ
ЩĶͽԼһ꣬ȫ˶־ԽԽࡣ
أᰵֱ߶˳롣뿴Ҳ˼֣ͬһû䡣
Щͽˣʼɳ᰸ǧ׷һԿֵ¥ˣҪ
һ仰ͽЩ˶˻ȥ¥ǧˣûء
˼¥ˣЩȻΣһ󺺵ҽƫͲаһѣѹȫļҵ
Щ̣ȰС飬λ壬ûҪôɡ
°͵ˣġ
̾򲻿ܵģһƣľٿӮȻǳᰡ
󺺵ɴ۾̾Ҽˡ˵Žǰĳ뾡Ƶ˳ǰ
ᰵл
󺺰ڰ֣ͷɥ뿪ˡͽ㿴ңҿ㣬һʱЩɡ
һҧ̵ģݺĳʮ꣬ɴû¹˭ա
˵ţ¥ҡߵǰ˽Ųһ٣˻ȥ
ӿųЦ֪СӸҲҸҶһѣ
һ£û뵽˻ͽ
ӵֻҪӮңµǮһʹ㿴Σ
֪ӼȻ˵⻰ͲܾĻᣬҲϻͷá
ЦĿϣ̫ѵģΪԴС򵥵ģȴСʤΣ
ֲ¥еӶɣأɷġ
⻰˵ԼΪߣֽ۸
ᰵãҪָСڶķҡӣԼȴδԹ
Ӻܺ˵һơᰱù̴׼Ѻӣҡ
·֮󣬳˾ϣҡӵҲԽԽ
۵һĨĹâ᰽ѷ£ЦС׼ˣ
ᰵͷӵǱ㿪ʼɡСӣ롣
Ҳƴǣùѱҡѷŵϣ˵Ŀⶼϡ
ƿ㣬һ㡣
̲ס˿
ΧֵСӿɲÿƣҡӮ˰ɣ
ǿ˵¥֮ҡ
ӣ˵ļ򵥣û˵ƳɵģˣҲ԰ɡ
ûΧ˵˽ʮ˧ĶӷС
Ƭ̺ƿһ㣬öӾһġ
⡭Χ۵˽˵꣬ͼǸһΣ
ϲסתӣ˵ĸڣͣ㡣
Ǳӡ
˴󾪣̲סôೡûҡ
Цһҽ˵ŽƸᰡ
ᰰסѣѵʤСӣӮңֿɶҪӮ
װûеϷ֮ɫӷŽȥҡ˼º󣬲Žѷŵϡ
ΧĿͶ̲סס˺Ҳܽţˡ
۾һȻоһֱָֻϡ
㵻ͷͼվ࣬弸һ
оᰵעӣ뿴һۣߺ۾ɺÿΣʲôΪʦ˲ɡ
˵ţָᰵָ䣬΢΢һͬƿѡ
ӡ
ΧĿͶ̲סɴ۾Թԣһ֮ڣαӣ⡭
ΧӵᰶûУȫעڶյϡ
ûǣ֣ܵĻǵһΣ̲ס͵͵˶䡣
һСлʦ𡣡
Цһſ˳ᰵ֣Ľӣ°΢̧ˡ
ӽҿѵʱԺϴһǽһġ
ֻǺܿ죬ǿӾ͹ת
ڳ˵ĿⶼǿתϣŶеģʶǹġ
ˣǽš˷ܡ
ڣǿͣյȴ塣
㣬һ㣬һֳҡһ
۵׵Цȥ¶һĨ֮ɫܿ죬ʰ̾ҵҲôá
᰽ַϵʱ򣬾ͼһνָᰲʦ𣿡
Цһ£תĽӣ˵ǮǷģô˼ᰶһ˳¥ˣҿһ֡
ӵ˾塣
벻һӵҵ֡
Ĭһϣ̫


46 
һ٣Ц, Ŷ, ú᣺ǲ, Իһ塣
ʮֲظ˿ڣ¥һ֣ʦͽһ, 㿴Σ
˾۵һĨ, Ц⡣
Щ׷˵ʿصڵʱ, ͼ, ʦͽ¥˶, ɶһ¡
뿪ʱ䣬׷ʲôôö˶˵, ˣ
һΧڱϿ, һ̲ס룬ŲǴɣµӼɱ, ڶĲһѺ֡Ҳ֪ŵļλ֪֪
ָָ, һͬҡѡ
˵ľ밤üᰰ嶼ڶ, ֻڱǼĶʦϵζ
Ǵδ˽, Ҳ֪ôˣŻ˺, 嶼סˣһҲҶ, ɶץֶ
ͷκ֮ʣɣûʲôõĵģ嶼ʯͷˡ
æǡ ô˵ôɵ
ȵڴѷŵϵʱ򣬳ᰶѾһϸˡ
ڣƿ
Ǳӡ
ᰴһ£ĵӿһϲãתͷͼ̧ͷЦ˵ˣΪʦڣӮ
صͷš
˾ɾɱ˵̫ҡ
˵꣬ͽ˹ȥ˾˳ȥ
ͬһ˾Ե˵θڣ䶨һڶϴת
ڵսŵ˼㣬ڣ˽ŵĿУǿͣϴͬ㡣
ˣ
Ǳӣ
ļٵģ¥˾Ȼˣ˵ʲôݣ
ھȣ۵ʹЩֱע⵽վڶǰ˾һæǲҪ˵ˡ
ڹȻЩ㿴ңҿ㣬Ƕ룬¥˻᲻߳ŭڣ
Ķ
¥˭Ӯ
ڽ̵޶ãԳᰵͽܣȥˡ
Ӧһֿһ۶ͷ˾壬뻹ǵ˾¥ǡ
ᰣһʿǶˣæȥǽԼ£ҲæϡκȻȻλƵġ
˴лһκȻԳᰵΪʦҪˣȥԷ
һһȥ
Ǹߵűߣ˾𣺡
˻ͷһʿ˾¥Ī뷴ڣ
ѾΧ۵˿дԭίڼ˾忪ڣҲġ
˾аӣЦᣬҼˣ˾ĳԸķ䡣ҽסλֻǿͣôҲǶŶӻȥ
˼ҪǳԷ
˾ͷ¥ڣ㼯˸Ҳкܶ˼ûеʳȻˣһǺܿϧ
˼һЦᰶǾ³ɡ
䲻ϲ˵أҲΥ˶⣬һжʦġ
˾ʤ׼ǰǿǵ˾¥ʶȤûϴգֻ˱˺þƺòòͽû
ûڣɺܶ࣬룬Ǳ㽫ժˡ
һʿʵڽƻҶԴ˴Ϥǳ¥ûãˡ
һ˵һ߸вˡҲû˵˼ֻĬĬš
Щ˺ܿ춨⣺Ǻ˾ԲʲôöҪϱڡ
˷ӣдʯأע⵽ϣЩѰĶ
һʿЦжǰɣģѾȫˡúóԷȻȥ
ҡͷСңҲȥ
ţ˵Сֵܣ˵ʲô
˿ӣĿڳϣ˵ȥš
**
һߣ¥һ⡣
СͯվſƵĳţͼǰһˣ˵ǰһ̣ԼԼ塣ֻһöѾܾûˡ
һСͯѹ¥鲻㰲
һͬСأǰ鲻á
Ϊʲô
¥ڴ˶ľ֣˾УǧûӮء
ģʲô
ڴߵֱ壬ڱʲôأ
Сͯһۣһͬ˽
ȿڵСͯжһ裬ˣЦ¥˵ڶϳǧûӮءʲô
ӣҲ˾壬Ѿժȥ¶һſʵס
˾˵˵˭㱾¥ǧˣ
ף𣿡Сͯӣֻ¥ҡ˿ɶҡǳǧ
ˡ˾̧Сͯͷ¥һе˿ɶվġ
СͯԴ¥һΪλӮ㣿
Ƶһӣòŵӣܸǹҵģλ仹кˣ
Щϴγħһս佫ħɹҲǧˣδ̤۹벽û뵽˼䣬һͽܡ
СͯԼ¥̲סץץͷλλ
˾һֵۣСӼң˵Ҳˣˣȥɡ
Сͯͷͬȥˡ
ֻʣ˾һ˵ʱƵվǰ￴ȥܹԵغ档
һְڴϣ֪뵽ʲôЦȤ


47 
Ⱥʿֱ󣬶, ᰾ʹŶ, ȻκȻҲһȥ
ֻκȻûʱ緢, ŽԶԶں棬ͷصģ
ʱվڼԨ, Ӽڳ, ۾˵ĲС
뿴ȥ, һץס, ˹ȥ
ᰵʦ, ҡ
ذֵû£չ, ר
žҽ, ֱĴץĶֿ΢΢۾ЦһĵĶ, ĬĬͷת˻ȥ
, ûΣգһӦˡ
ʵᰱȥ, һ, 㵽Ҳܰţ, ǰǼȻȥˣжʮֽ䱸
Ϊ˴ﵽĿ, ԲֶΣϲ˴򽻵
ɶһѱһᣬԴǼΪе˵ҪҪŵšļвαĿ롣
Ҳ֪ϳûУνĵͷűչأŵһﶼκƽƹܡ
ʱͿκƽôˡ
ᰱǺðɡ
ӯץųᰵ֣һڼӸлʾպúñ
ᰵһҲû˵ʲô
ɨϣĲҽ̶˫ֱסһ첲Сؽ۾һ죬¿̽šֻһۣŵý۾ˡ
뿴Ȥп֮ļܣ˵С㵽ţʲôã
۾ûСҡ֪Լûɵı£ʵҲɡ
üҲЩ棬תͷʣȲɣΪҪȥΪ˱ѿûǰ¡
ɸˣҾŵţҪ˵
Ŷ£
ͷ˵û⡣
ԶûжȤҲֻһʣҲˡ
Ҳתͷȥר
һʱΧ˺طûˡ
һڵңҲǲǣֻҡ
ᰵûϵ㲻˵Ͳ˵ȵţκ˵ɡ
һƬ̺󣬳᰸оһֲֻΡΡذļϣ΢΢ƫͷǶôˣ
Ѿ۾ˣɫ԰ף·ʪ˴룬Ŀⶨڳϣ𴦣ᰣܲ鷳ǴȥطҪȥȡЩ
ڶָ£˾뻨һƫƧɽС
ӼԨһΧ
غֽŶģ˺һŻЩȥ
ϸĵûиȥվڲԶšͼжھϵ
Ƭ̺ӵڳһľӣСش򿪿һۣȷûʲô˿
ľߵǰˣлл
ǡڴʱںκȻϵˣһбһľ䣬ʱšüʲô
˵žҪȥã;סκȻѲŭ裬ʲô֣
Ȼ֣κȻûз˼ְϵĿ֦һ˵ϡ
κȻŭ㣡
ᰵȥɣΪʦˡ
һٳԨߵʱһִӵκȻ˵ЩʲôԨವһ˳ȥ
᰻ãܿסΣȫûзӣſˡ
ĥĥġ
ᰣ
һ󣬳᰸ȥǡκƽݺͶ
᰽ڻ¥з¼򵥵˵һ飬˵صĺ˵ʱκƽü:һڷӳġ
ݺеѯʳ᰸ûˣڵ֪ûµʱ˿
ˡݺһķע⵽ûκȻӰκʦأûһ𣿡
˵ţͼκȻ˽
κȻǺݺݵ˶ͳһۣκƽݺʩ
κƽûʲô飬ֻͷݺº͵Ķ࣬ѯκȻ仰󣬽ĿתһЩнĶϡ
λǣ
ᰵʦжǱħܵʡֶԶλŵĳϣڱչأʲô¿Ըǡ
˵꣬ͱľκƽݺǰ
ۿλΪ˵ؿͷ
κƽݺͶһۣῴ˴еĲ⣬ݺǰȴﲻ
ݺֻõλСֵܣʲôѣ˵ܰǶģ㲻ˡ
λϣҽжǺضҴˡһһ磬ж壬ŵĵӣǡǵ𣿡


48 
֣ﶸȻ, ϶¶ȵı顣
᰸̲סǰץסļ, ۾е˵ʲôǶĵܵܣǲ, ǲǡ
᰾ֱ, Щ꣬ڲ鶡壬˽ʵҲŴ˶֪ļȥ
ô, ô꣬û뵽һʼ
һֽľ䣬һųᰵ°, , Ҹ, ԩġ
ĵôڿ˵ˣƲסҲ, Թ˵ȥǰҸǸ˵, Ҫ, ҪʲôƾԼŬȥȡҪаҸΪΪȥ͵ġ˵ʲôһ㶼ţ
üͷ΢壬Ŀ, Ĩһ۾ǰ£֪ҲԣҲԲҸ磬֪ˣ϶ԭҵģûа취
ԴҸ󣬴Ͷ˺ܶ˵ҸС͵ĹټϷŭһӾͲˡҵɸϲһ죬ҵֻ˴̫࣬ʹǰ˼ҡ
أ˵Ƕ룬һʣһǰڵϵĳ
һ񣬲żǰҴûãһڷʱ᲻ô磬ԴµĶͳͳûж
˵⻰ʱָḧеľ䣬ڴ۵У˼в㡣·ַģûмǲв㣬־Ͳˡ
ݺ͵ʲô
вһȱĲƬ治֪дʲôŤŤģǹһҿ
һԵκȻ͵̧ͷ˹ɫҰ׶
Լ˼ûиоκ˵ϽĴǡ·ɢޣɢ˵󷨣ֻôһҲȷʲôֻôеףܲʲôö
κƽݺͶһۣԴӶԷпصɫ
ʱǾ룬ⶫйءǷʲôԱɱڡ
κƽƬ̣ǿ鲼Ƭ𣿡
ˡ
˵Žľ򿪣ּвĶҾ͸˵Ÿϴˢ˵˼Ϣغ磬ҪɱҲ׾٣ǲϣΣգҲôһֱǾ뽫ߡ
ҲԸ⣬ʹˣҲԽãҲðգͳ˯ŵʱ򣬽Ķ͵˳
ˣ⣬ȴûа취У֪˭ҲóȻ¶ݡ
ǡκȻɽµӣ˼ͻţΪŵĵӣ;ͿԵˡ
ϧûɵʡһᡪֻҪ㹻ǮͿ԰š
ĻᣬȻץŲţ˹ƭ⡣
뵽ᰵЩƣҪûдϧȴ˼ˣԼ磬Լˡ
Ҳ֪Ҫ˵ɺޣǸһ㡣
Ƭóݸݺͣ˵Ҳ֪ǲǻͽˡλϣǿһɡ
ݺ͵ͷ
ᰵĿݺϣǿ鲼ƬֻмͯİôһЩҵķţɫʺ죬Ѫ͡
ôţĵ׾Щ
ݺǲƬ߽Ǳǿġ
κƽܿʲô󷨣
ݺüͷƬ̺ҡҡͷһδĻҪһʱ䡣
˵ŽƬݻ۰ͰͳĶģǻġҪ׼һЩ鼮ȸᰶȥϢɡ
Сؽǿ鲼Ƭպãǧлųᰳȥˡ
ȥ·ϣ᰿ǰĶ룬ĵЩɻǷʦӦϵðɣΪβ˵
ţһתͷͼκȻһײһ
κȻ겻ӣֿһ۽ŲȻĶ룬Լʲô
ص壬ͻطȥˡ᰸׼˸ɾͷ䣬úϢ
ʱúܿ죬תͺˡ
ݺǱһֱûϢᰳȥ˼йص飬׼Ͽ
ãǿ鲼ƬʦйءеҪ֪ʲô˺ʦ
ϵȻˣһƬڰ
ΪǴӴ͸ķ紵ϨҲû롣վҪµȼڴʱվһˡ
Ϣһְֻļϣһ־һơ
ȴ˷ӦѸݣһѾס
ڳ׼ʱ򣬾ͼһǰʵ۾һЦǰ𣺡𣿡
᰽ļһ˲ͷʦ
뽫е̨ŵϣַ˷ϵ飬Щʲô˷ʱ䡣ߣΪʦȥ
ûӵģֶߵķǶӵӵʱ ˲˾
ϸһ룬־ýҹܲᷢʲô顣塣
̲סʦ𡣡
һָڴ䣬ͽѽ⺢ﶼã̫ƣһ㶼ҡΪʦ͸һΣ㿴һ˿Զ񶾵ʲôز޴ʲôزߡ
ʦȻˣͽܵȻ˵ ͷɵظȥ
룬ʦͽ˶ķţǡöû˯һʹų뿪ˡ
ʦͽ뿪ûãϨˡֹƬֻ̣һɫӰɿ˶Էڡ
ǺϢǰ΢ĹŲǽڣڴϵˣ۵һĨ⡣
ֻкһֱն˵Ĳ
ԤеѪⲢδ٣ֻһ죬ײ˴󾪣֮˲Ƕ
æˣڴʱֻ顱һ죬ڵķű˴һ߿ˡ
뺬Цվ⣬µϣϺð


49 
վڶģǹŵӷεĶ, ŴͿڵĺ, ۵д˾, ˫ȶɸһû϶Ѿ촦ˡ
תͷͼվǴµĳᰡ֪ƭ, ﷢ŭĴϢ
óһ, ź˵˻, ǳİɣþ, αҪһ˺ɱ֣
ŵ, ȻǶǿ鲼Ƭ
˶ŶЦ񼸺Թ, һ˿, ûڳ嶯֮ܵǰ
ֻת˸ֱĳᰣз˷ɿ˼, ˺Ȼһ߷ڵĵ, ųᰶܵļ϶ȥ
ᰱܿû׷ȥ, վſڵĶ붼û˸о, Ѿˡ
ײˣ˫Ÿ, ͼһλεĳľ䡣ǳֽ֮ˣ溮˪κƽ˵ŵøε, гҲ֡
վڲԶ֣ҡͷЩ˵˵ӳ죬û뵽㾹Ȼֱ·ȥκʦܣҿ㡣
ĬĬߵվĳ˫ĿҲκȻϡ
յʱҲǹİΣһ붡壬κȻǵٴҲܵʦĵҰû뵽ʵݺݴ
ϸ룬κȻȻ˶壬ʲôǲġʦǼ£κȻйء
κʦֵʱ͵һΡýҪô죬ͼκƽһ⻮ĺڽ
κȻɷ׵׳ʱκƽͫ͵һ£ɫø䡣׿ݺͣȻҲڣ״ȼˡ
׿еȻô㣿ΪҪɱ
˵ĿⶼκȻϣκȻģǿ˶񣬵˾ˣʦңҾǶǷ棬
ֱۼؽе㣬˵ŽɱңȻҵĶ㡭
Ȼǲ㺦Ҵ磿ǲ㣡㲻Ҳ£ɱڣ
κȻ˵ô£ҡ
ҿκƽ۾ͷҡ˰ΣŵǼѾڴˣİΣԲŴŽġʵ뱣ġ
Ц࣬ࡣ
㣡κȻҪŭǰʽȻôѹƢװ裬֪㿴Ҳ˳ۣ㱻ݺȷʵ۸㣬ʱҲ֪ԩѽҡ
תĿ⣬ÿһ۶۾Ƶģκƽݺ͵˵Ǵȥ򣬳˽⣬һջҷκȻħ㱣һ·״̬ħȴ˿֮Щϸ𡣡
κȻŭ裡㲻ҪѪˣ
벻аУκȻ˵һ黭ŷƬʱɫʮ־ʡҹɫϿܻᶯ֣Բ˸λšû뵽κʦ㻹ûʧ
κʦܵʱô࣬ǳ
κȻѼӲԲϳϣһҧöó֤ݡ
κȻܻҪɵĶ࣬κȻĪǾãǲȱķʶ
κƽ沿͵һڻˡ
ݺ͵ŶĪϵã
ͷѹؽɾ˳ɾΪɷħ󣬹˼壬ٻħġΪɵа˵ʧ
˶٣ֵǲţԽɾһʱ֪
ͺɾǸ֮֮ȥСආⲻ֪Уܶһ˱ɾһ档
Ļ䣬Աߴһ죬ԭκȻһƨɵ˵ϡ˷Ӧ˵˵ǶԵġ
׿ЩţȻѵ㡢Ϊ巢ӵŽɱڣ
ݺüͷĬƬ̺ȻκȻ㣬ʮһǰǲҲйأչ·ϵħ壬ǲɷħٻġ
ô˵׿ˣǶ򱳲á
ҪΪͽ䣬˵ʱûüáɵݺɫʱĬĬ˻ȥ


50 
ݺʹʱɫ䣬۵ѹŭ׿֪ڷŭʲô
䲻μ, ʦֵܿеķܲ
һΪΪȥ͵ҩ, ܶ˶šѾû, ޶֤еļʾ¾ɵġ
, ڶзٻħаƬ, ƬκȻйء
Ŀ蹴ħ塢кͬʦֵ֤, ֤ûúͳ, Ρֻκӵ, Ὣ⼸ϵһ
Ҫ˵ݺͣ۰Ѿ뵽, ȫ׶Ӵ, ܣ˺Լͽܡ
Ȼ軹úõأ˴컯, ܵ˺, ǲʧġ
׿Ҳ̲סܵûòųµġ
ôǲǲ, Ļ˹·, зǿ鲼Ƭ
ֻûüϱ͸о˶, ҴҽȴǱˣ
ôһ, ׿ֻĵȻΪֻܽ͵ͨ
ŴһҹµκȻЩеصȻ˵ǲ㺦ģɷħΪʦ㻹ûüãǲǣչ·ϵħ壬޹ص ǲǣ
˵ĻＸ˰֮⡣
ҲڿκȻȭͷգⷢ
ɷħʱκȻѾ׻ˣֻ׿еĸ˵һʱȴ޷ֱ˵ʲô
κƽش׿ʦܣ鵽һ㻹ҪƭԼ𣿡
׿ۿ죬վԭؾþò
һԵȻ֪뵽ʲôȻץסݺ͵ĸ첲ʦ֣֮ˣһֱ֪Щħγ˽ģ˵ɷħħ壬ħħӦϵĻ
ݺڷŭıԵֻΪͽһûô࣬Ȼô˵һ¡
̲ס۾һɢЩˣ촽۵ȴЦ⣺ôɷħ˭κȻģ
ֳʱһ
ǰаѰп϶ûС
ֱڣκƽݺǲʵĸоĴͽֻ߲ͷѰ
˵Ŀٴ䵽κȻϣħٻģͽ˽ˡ
Լͽܣһ׿̲סٴοڵȻ˵ѽ˵²ġ
κƽջأؿκȻһۣˣκȻѹȥˮΡڣдá
һ֣κȻһ˽࣬ױˡ
ٱֳĬϥǰסκƽ˫Ƚе˾ˣ˾ˣ֪ˣԺҲˣ㣬㲻ܽҽڣǻᴦҵġ
κƽɫ䣬۵ӿľŭʧһ߿κȻô£һΣˣѹȥ
׿ȴκƽýǰֻͣ½Ų
κȻǰĵӣκƽ˾ˣ˾ˣֻǿѡҲ֪ħģҷˣƭң˵󷨿ұǿĲ֪
κƽһνκȻ߿㲻֪ħ屻ٻʱܸ֪˰ɣʱ˵ʵлᲹȣ·豻ԩ㱳ʱ֪𣿼Ȼ֪ˣΪɱڣѵΪ˲ԣ
κƽÿһ䣬κȻɫͰһ֡
κƽҵĴ˿ȻĬһԳƣκȻȥ磬ұ㽫ӵ߽˻رҵ̫ʧˡ
κƽ仰£κȻڱȥ
޻תأκȻе˾ˣ㲻ҡֻǲʧѡ裬ֻܹ£ȥ·壬¸ǣǶҲҪħ
 ̲סˣκȻʦȥ·壬ħµˣлߡô£񻹲֪ڸġκȻΪˣ
⻹ǶһСͽˣһ£̧ᰵͷţúá
ôȥˣʦΪϵץסˣӷſʼ᰾һֱţŲޡ
ɵֻôָͷʱ򣬳̲סˣֱ˹ȥס
û뵽᰻˹һ£ܿӦˣֲ̧ôĳᰵĺ󱳡
ڴʱеֱȵĶ档̧֣ͼֱһξӨˮ顣
Ŀһ̧һֻ֣־ж㣬󡰺һֱϣˮ鴵ȥ
ͷ죬һͽܣҪΪʦ˯
ᰳ󣬶ͺٸһ˯ˡ𣬳ôŨر˵š
ҹĲһˡ
ݺͲ֪ʲôʱ˹ۿҲЩ죬û˵ʲôֻһ¶ļһоڲС
˹Ҳ˼Ŷ벻ţ֣һһʱ̧̫ͷ롣
ôˣſʦޣֶ˵ġ
뵹ûʲôʳᰣʹ𣿡
ͨıǼ⣬һôãһͨ/йĺʹ졣
иʹģĻ֮ˣǽץǧС
ٴεͷ
ݺȻҲģκƽ׿Աߣֵܱ̫ģϾκȻǵĹϵرܡ
ڷ£϶ܡ
ݺ͵Ϳһ˵סħ壬ҲǽУɣɲײеħ壬ǧִʣԺ˵ˡ
ܵŶһųᰵǾȻط˯ˡ
κƽ׿أֻһ֮ҹߵĳᰣȴ˯һþ
һ


51 
ʱ򣬶뻹˯, Ұ
˵, ûк, ûӦúж϶Ƿ񻹴ôദƫƫܿڲڡ
⻹Ǽǰ, һ˯ʱĥġ
Ƕʱ, ʱҹ, ᷢ˫ֽѹڱ, ˯Ҫж
ʱ, ۷Ķ붼, ҹ, СĲȵ붼ûҪ˼
ΣĵЩŵ, ÿ, ߵ˾ͻ, Ҳͷ
ٺ, ᰾ͿʼĹ۲죬һɡ
ÿ˯ö˶, ôʱǲ, ෴߰㣬Ǳ˿϶ڵġ
ʱ룬ǲʦԭ̫Լأƻˣ˽ʱ رݡôôŲܱô
ڣԼıѲӰԣҲȫˣٻʣƬǱСѹţڴߣҪġ
ʱڴϣһѹԼıӣһ˳ᰵı
⻹һֱҲѹڳǰͷȻǳᰵͷͷǳûӰ
кĻڵľ룬ֻǵϢһ
ŽߵӣŲһ£Լĺڶϣ˾ˡ
Զˣ᰸Ŀʱģֻɢ˫΢գ˯úģ
õ壬᰻ù죬Ϊʦ˯˾ôġţô˵أǲСڣ
ôϰˡ֪ǰ˲衣
ԴʦãڳᰶԣûˣԶĳ֣Ĵм
Ȼ˯Ķ붯һ£ԭɵüͷҲ΢΢šЩϸһԭһƷ˿ļձߡ
һû˼᰾ְƷ˿𵽶󡣶չüͷ
˿ַŵϣ졣Ŀǰϡ
˯úܰȣȫ˻ẦƵġ
ôţȻӦʦ˭˵ءֻ¸⣬ͱʦķɳȥˡ
ʱ仹磬³˶˯Ҳû⼸һͬ顣ţ̲סЦ
ʦţ滹ţδԹҲ׿ֵҲֲúã⼸Ҳˡ
һ˿Ц⣬Ŀڶϡ
᰿ʮˣ˵ǳϤüβСλã۾Ҳ׼ȷָʲôλá
ڿ
᰿Ĳʦ裬еĶ롣
һκĳ࣬Ҳӡһֱ⡣
ⰲ峿ͷٴӿϳᰵͷ룬ʦ𵽵׳ʲôأ
ӦǺܺÿġ
ʦɾǺѣܿҲˡ
ˣǿ϶ĺܺÿ᰾߼϶ǶԵġ
룬ʦӦøɾһÿܻҪÿһ㡣
һ㡣ӦǱȱɾҪÿܶܶࡣΪʦһ˫ɷ۾
˫۾ġġġЩɰġ
ӵһ˫۾ˣòȻǲ׵ġ룬ʦ϶ÿˡ
Ŷ˯գЩ񣬵ȷӦʱָѾ˶۽ޡ
ǾòʣƤᶯһ¡Ũܵ۽ëСˢһɨᰵָ⣬΢ȴԽ᰻ѡ
᰷ӦԼʲôʱ͵ؽ˻ȥĶЩ󣬶뱻ˣֻƤ΢۾
϶뻹Ŀʱ򣬳Լ׵
ͨͨͨ
뿴˳һۣɤӸһ磬ֽ۾ˡ
Ǿô˯ͦģҲûŲѣֻ˳ϵıӵһǣϡ
᰽ӲһҲҶֱȷ˯ļ΢һ㡣
ɫڶ̧ʱȻдչȥ۾ĳ嶯
᰾ãԼײаˡ


52 
ڰȴȻܹԼδƽľҵ
һְĿ, Ҫ궯ƽͬʱĵ׻ֹסӿ֮⡣
ȻҶʦ˲ͷֻһ˲, ǾòӦá
һ, Լѵ㣬ȴû뵽벻֪ʲôʱֽ۾, ̽һĶͷ, ɻͽ, 岻ôô죿
ԭΪ볶˳ϱӵԵ, ˼ľˡ˯ʱȻз, ˽ľ룬ܹᰵҲʮġ
᰺ò׷, Ŷһٶ, ȫ׷ˡ
ŴյǰĴɻӣֻĵ׺һȼһŻ棬յ˶ˡ
Ѫ, ԼЩˡܲ, ͵ƿ
ڳᰶϵ֣Ķ, 벻ʣţôˣ
æҵ, Ҳҿ룬ٵ˵, ȥʦʲôϺȸ𣿡
뿴˳һûʲô, һá
᰷ɿش·ҲƵܳ˷䡣峿ķϣڳһ
ȥߴˮĲɵϴ꣬ȥһߣһ룬Ϊպʦֱץʦϴѣ̫ˣղŻô֡
롭ҲֻΪ̫мʦˡ
Ͼû룬ܿڴ¥Ⱥħ
룬ԣһʦȫĽ֮飬ûκ.¡˼
һģ
Ϊĳ᰽Ųؽ˲񷿣Ӵͬ͵ˣһᰣĸк
簡
Сᰶʦ
ıƽʱ簡
Цŵһ磬˵ţѵ磬ȸǴְɣʲôģ
СͳĲ񷿣ģĺÿֹɶ£ֽŻЩ˶ϲ
ڣվߵһλִ֡߹ȥͱһ̸ճСġ
ִָԱߵСʣôˣһСӴ֡ţȥǱ߳ԣӡ
ᰶӣЩε˵壬ѾˣСӡ
ִЦֱһ£ҵһμ㣬ôߣɲСӣ㽫ʮ꣬ʮ꣬ʮ꣬㶼Сӡ
᰾޷粵ֻò˵ˡ˼еίеεӣЦ
ҲûһԶУһĺ󣬾Ͱϴˡ
Ϸ£һҹͣܶ˶֪ˡϵ˻ôΪ·أ˿϶˵ˡ
һϴˣһ̸¡ǼΪͳ᰸ˣκȻΪ
ֻĬţû˵ʲô
֪κƽΪ˵ģκƽ˵Ҫϱڣ;˽
ΨһŵģܴκȻжڳһЩеͽ
ֻеǸʱʦİϢ
ܿ죬εĵ½½˷áæµǽ׼õʳ˹ȥ
վڲ񷿿λãһС̨
Ϊռ̨ǵĹ˵ͬ󣬾Լһר
ڳҨ˹СУһںصͷϹǣһʱ䣬ʦҲõˡ
ţͼһСᰶ㡣
ӦһЩ֣뵽˶ֱӽģôյˣ
ȳţ˺󣬳һ¡˲Ƕ룬һŵĵӡ
߹ȥɻңע⵽лһʳС
˵ͷеĺӵݸᰣɽˣҽʦ֣ûҵˣתҲһġ
ллᰴͷˮн˹룬ʵͶû˵˭
ҡͷɻǵͶ֮˵ĳࡣ
ӵɫ·ŮͶһģһϸһΪ˫̥
Ůͯ£΢΢ü¥ˡ
Ӻ ʳߡ
Žĳ߹һģ˭Ͷ
ҡҡͷӷŵǰʯϣʲôΣյĶá
ﾲĵģһ㶯ҲûС˼Ǿȴ򿪿õʱɳʲôʦ
СؽӴ򿪣ﲢûɳʲôֻƮһʳζ
һ£¥ʲô˼ôö˶˵ʦͳԵģ
ԵĳһСᰶ㿴ʲô
ϸһͼʳһһ֦һϻմų¶
᰽֦һɫеѿȴʦĺһӶûˡ
ῴʲô˼¥ʦף󰮡
ǵ죡
ԴһһЦѽСᰶļҵĹ鱼ţ׷˶׷ˡ˵˵ģĺòÿ
ûų᰸ӵĶԻȻΪⶫᰵġ
ÿɫһһֵǸ˹֡
һ㶣ЦҪߣԼᱣܵġ
ᰲ˵ֻܵصͷָ˵˼䣬οɫƮˡ
ȶ뵽ʱ򣬾ͼСͽվʯǰﻹһعͺͺ֦
뿴һ۳СͽܣֿһĶʵõʲô
һʶ뽫һ˭֪ƳһۣͼĻȫûˡ
ᰣһţһ
ǰǻأ
ᰵˣأһСľ͡ʵԼûע⵽ʲôʱһġ
˵Ƕ벢ûмһ£ϵĽУʲô
ʹﲻ죬᰻ʵ¥ģ˵Ҫʦ𡣡
ŶܸȤؽӴ򿪣ͼżµ㡣
᰼ϲʳĶ̲ס촽Ҳ߬ˡ
ЩԵĶ󲿷ֶģͻȻɱһ˾壬ʮ⡣
ϺҲ£¥ζȣе㺮ˡ
ίʧأȴ뽫¸ˡ
ʣҵϺأ
һͼüѵû
˼ϢᰲŷӦʲô˼˲¶õЦݣˣھȥáʦҡ
᰺ܿϺԷʱĿһֱԱߵʳϳ
̣᰻ʵʦ˾¥жô죿
ţʲôô죬˰ɡ
᰸˵ⲻ̫ðɣڣǼ鼴˭֪ڴʲô⡣
ĬĬȰοĻ˻ȥصͷʦ˵ĶԣھͶ


53 
죬ÿ峿, ¥緹׼ʱ͵ʳлһķմ˳¶һ
ᰶ˼κ, Ȼ뷨, ˵ȥĳʦǳǸ˼Һúѧһ£ܽܽᾭ, ĥЩСθˡ
֪ʦʳ, εͬʱҲô˷СȻ, ʵò񷿵ʳѳԡ
䲻ϲ˾ʦ, ¥ʳĺܲ, 񷿵ĴܹмȡһУǾٺòˡ
һ, СҲǳڸ˼, ֪ʳı˶Ļ㽫ʳൽ񷿣񷿵˷ųˡ
񷿵Щ˳˺, Ȼ˴, о˺ܶ²ɫζǰҪࡣ
˵, ϵĵ䳢һ, ȥϵĽĲˡ
ò˵, ˾Ҳһˡ
ʱǰ˼ա
죬ᰳһС, ˵κȻɷħˣ˵¥һ˽ġ
һ֣ɫһݣ¥мˣɱħ塣
ųЩ⣬ɷħ˽κȻģôħӦһģΪҪħ֣
ʱͬеʿ˵ħʵǺǿģħҲкܸߵĵλɺ˾ɱ
ѵǡڧ
һţһת˽ŲȥҶ롣Ҫ
ʱ䣬ӦòڷУʦæҲȥӦþĺˡ
ֱĺԶԶؾͿ˶Ӱ
ûдڴϣ˰ߵĲƺϣƺʡó᰸еǣһˡ
Ӱе죬ֱƫͷ˵ʱϳ˾Ǽδıɾ
ᰵһӦĪǳʲô£תһ룬־Լˡɾʦѣʦʮġ
ҳҲȷǲһɾ档Ͼûʱʱ̶̿һ
󣬳һķˣɽţĵӿһСʧ䡣
룬պ׳ˣΪҲ㹻ǿʱʦ᲻ὫʵݸԼ
᰾ãʦôǿ϶ġҪľǺúŬʦʧ
ھԶĵطɾڸ˵
˽Դ۾绪˫ӪͬħŮӼˣҲ̲סġ㿴⸱ɢģǱ˿ˣ֪ǻθ롣
۾ϸһƬҶ˵ɾ˵ʲôأҽ裬ֻһͨĵӰˣɲʶʲô۾
ɾҡҡͷ͵½¸߰ʱô㡣
νغߺߣ£ôĻ٣ֲٿ⡣
ɾҡͷЦϣ⻰бµȥ˵
ΪҲңֻˡ涯ɲҵĶ֡
ɾûĵģڼ䣬һɶ˼ġ˸㵱ţģһԹҲûУ㻹Ҫº˼ҵģ
ƿϵҶ˱һۣɾôʲô
뻺˵Щ꣬ںδЩʲô
ɾ
Щεӣǿתƻ⣺ϣ㿴㻹ͦʡСͽղˣúúһ
ͽܣɲźġԼ
ϣơɾϡؿǰôûôأͳôأ
۲Ҳ
Ϻغ˼䣬ɾȻеȴ˴룬˵Ҷˣǰˡ
ѵã㻹ǵڹһء
ɾ˭˵ڹģ
ˢһչӣЦŵ˽ġ
΢΢üһЩ췢£ԼӦû¶ڣƺͲ½ġ
ʣС½ʲô˵𣿡
ɾܸʲôڰ²ڶûܲЩħα֮ܿ˽ġֻ˽ÿʮУһħ塣ﻹڹ޴ȥԼԲɡ
˶٣ɻôû˵
ҾδЩ·ҡ
ɾ㡭Ҷ֪ô˵㣬δ½Ͻȥˡ˵žҪֽ
ϲӬƵĻӿ֣ȥһطǧ꣬Ҫˡ
һֵڳֵЩСආһָܽûʲôõĵġ
ɾ˳ǣħͷŪûͳ׹ˣʱħ˽磬ʲô򣿡
뿴ɾɵƵģȭͷȻ
ɾ
ڣ˵ǺúˣͨͨøҶȥôѵǰǵģ
ɾһ˵һ飬ô굽˭˭Ȳ˵ˣ˵ңЩѹ˶ٱţǶûˣһҾҸ£ҵļԨѵ֪ҵĸҵ
ûĸβҲĺúõġ
ɾӣҸ˵ܾˣձúýѵѵ
ԶнŲɾתͷһͼһ곯ǳᰡ
üëûСͽܾˣ
Ҳᰵķһۣ̾Ų̶һǧ꣬ھ˲ãô˺ķô꣬˻յϢࡣ
ɾĻڶУɫ΢΢һŶĪͷ
һЦʮŵģȻ
ǡڴʱ˹Ƚһʦɾ
ɾЦô⣬Һúÿ
ǰһתĿĴ˿ɾʲô
ᰵɾôֻɫܵطȥˣ


54 
ɾһ£˵ʲôʱˣʶ, ȴҲڿ
ɾŷӦ, æͿһŶ, ˵СѽҲǵʲôطģû
ᰲС죿
ԡɾŶΣյĿ, ӲͷƤ˵ͷ, ɰͰ͵صֽ͡С졣˵껹ɰͰ͵Ц
ƵĵĿŶ, ʾԼһʱ, ȫĵġ
΢΢һ۾, ʱ²ȣһСġݺݲ˱ɾĽϡ
ɾ໡һɤ, ԵرסԼĽš
ȥմŵĲҶ, صѽɾ˼̫һʱͷе, ûվ, û°ɣ
ɾӳݷＷһ֣㡭
ᰲǶ֮İӿ, Щ, 뻯һ¡
Եɾӵվʱ򣬳ᰶ˵ɾ, Сֻͦͦġ
, е˵һ飡
ɾͷЦֲңֱˡ
ᰲԣ뿴æǰеʦôˣͷҷɡ
Сͽһаӣεذڰ֣ãû¡
Ŷһᰶã͵ˡ߰ɡ
ᰵһǣɾʾʹ˱ӣǿв/м䡣ʳᰣ֪Ҫȥʲôط͵ͷˡ
ش𣺡ģʦ𲻻Ầҵġ
ɾ붺ᰣô棬ùȤģʶҪȥĶ
Լ³֣¥
᰾һ𣬽е㵣ǣʦھ͹ȥɺ¥ֵʱ䡢ص㲢̶ǡ
ġһЦһְֻ˱ɾļϣɾڴˣʲôǽ˵ģ
ɾ棺֪Ҫҵ
Թ鱧ԹԴ»ʮģ׷ŶʲôͷΪҪȥ¥
ɨһۣ֪
ɾͷһ䣬㡣˵뿪ĺ
ɾֻ֪ǳ
ɾѣ̬ЩȻûʲô⡣ȴҵɾʦƽϡ֪ʲôҸ˵
ųᰳγ񣬱ɾȻԼеʶ꣬ڶǵĴȴһССķꡣ
ɾ̾ʦͽĸĽ
ЦɾͽܸĸҲӦúܺðɡ
ǣɾһͻ
˱߱ģ᰺ܹЩɾߵĺӣ̲ס˼䡣㽫¸߱ɾ
κȻɾЩ죺ûǴĻκϵɣһойأ벻
˶ֵǸˣϸ˵˵ô¡
ᰵϴ¥ֻһ棬ʦҲû֣Բȷ˵ݡ
ɾ˼ĵͷ
ǰĶᰣɾٳûиϣͷ˵ĥĥʲôءǲʱ䣬ֱȥ
Ӧһæ˹ȥɾ۵̾˿ôԼǶأ
Ҳ˵бɾڣȫõҲ¥ڡ
ʱżԨŶվԶһĵطͼɾһ棬ʱ˷䣬һС
Ǻ¥
ɾһ˦ͷɧգ۾Σ
ܵˡ
ɾͲ΢ĵ𣿡
˵䵽˵ϣ͸еµһС³
˲ϢСͬ¥һͬ뺣ףᰱĺˮ͹۲һ²ŷСΧһ磬ˮˡ
һ翴ȥ᰷⺣׵ľɫʤա
Ҳ޵¥˵Ǻ뷨²ӣᰶе㵣Ҳں׽һˡ
û߼ͼ¥ķӰΧһ˺ȵ˴󵨣ô¥
¥ĹأǲӴ˵ģֻеϣԵ˲ܽУҹĿ֮á
֪ʱָʦģΪѡءַ
ڱɾλˣ˼ǹģҲû˸ҳ¡
˽˼ҵĵ̣Ϊ˲ø⣬׵Ĵ֮ǰ˿ڣλ磬ҪҪ˾¥²ߣʵڱǸ
ȴʲôɣɫһ֣ץ
ס֣ЩҪֵʱһŮͯ
᰿ȥͼԶˣΪ׵һŽӣŻŮͯ
δ˾κͨҲ˳˶˾ˡ
ɾвûϢ˾׾ϳݣʩЦôˣͽӯţ˾ĳܳ
ɾܸȤʣŶһλǺˣ¥ɷΪ
˾ҡͷλͲԸ͸¶ݣɾ¡
תĿ⣬һԵĶ롣裬Ҳˣҵյ𣿡
ᰱˣ৵һƤ񣬾ڸ˵¥ϴ˰ɣҵһ
˾Ц磺ζҿɲǴ
˵ǰһæڶǰ˾忿ʦ벽
˾忴˵ڶǰĳһۣܾٶ˵仰СҪҧˡ
ɾǵһμôһˣּ¥˶Զ̬ȣᵽ˰ԵζκΧô˫۾ֻܶżӣʵＱĲС
Ƕ˳ţ˾¥Ҫ
塣
󣬴ӳ߳Цһ᣺屦
˾æһһƣġ
¥һڡ
˾˳ǵ󣬺ˬصͷˣЩӡһġˣһǵġҲˣλ£ҹҰ˴Ĵ䡣һ£㡣
˾뿪󣬷ֻʣ³ᰣɾˡ
ɾҲ̲סˣյǰҿ¥ǲħµģôһͬˣʵ֮ʲôè壿
뽫еĲ豭ѣ⻰Ҳţƭɵӵİˡ
ɾ֮£ѡǲæħпܹ˽ܶ
˵վᰶҼлδ滹˳أǿȥ
Ӧһֻǲȥͱɾסˡ
ɾ²˵˵¥˸ʦ֮ʲô¡
ո˵Ļһ䶼ûȥ
ᰵʦ˾¥֮ûʲô¡
˵˾׷룬ΪǶʦĲ˵һ䶼/¡
ɾţ˼䡣
ᰲ˵ȻһĶͷ㿴ⶼͷˣôС鰮֮»Ҳǰʡ
΢΢üõ鰮
⻰ʲô˼˵˾尮ʦ𣿿˾ҲǸˡ
ֿɾɫȻɵʵˣˣҲమ𣿡


55 
ɾΪʲôܣ鰮ɡӻŮ, ֻҪԼϲ, ¸ȥ׷
᰻ʮ, һֱΪ鰮ֻᷢһŮϣ⻹ǵһ˵Ҳమһʱܵ˳, ԭ˺һ
Ȼ, ʶʲô, űɾһ, ʵɾ, ǲǡ
ţʲôɾֵͷĥ˾ȥˣһʱû˵ʲô
ϱɾĿʱ, ᰺Ȼʶ, Ϊ̫ãҡҡͷ
ɾ°, ȻӦ, Цǲϲˣ
ϸ۲ɫûжŭļ, ˵ͷ
ǰסˡҴм, һֱڸħ嶷Ҳûʱ¡Щòװ, ҲĴɽˮΪ顭
ɾ˼һ, ôһҶĵĻܶԷӻŮӣҶΪ°ɡ
ĵ˿ɾϲ˵ġʣɾ֪ʦϲϲ
е㲻֪ôڣɾû뵽ô࣬Цʦ𰡣ʦȻϲ
ЩŵĿűɾȴȻ죬¶յı
ɾ˵ֻǰ֪ŽĴˣ˯ŽġǶ࣬еϴյĿû
еĸϴգҲĲˡ˯ǧ꣬ڸûã½С
ɾãϲ˻Ůˣֻ鰮⣬Сͽܡ
ɾٳٲڣֻýһ
ɾعͿһޣʦ𰡣ʦӦøһ
˶٣չᰶߵҿʦ¥ܻ֮ᷢЩʲôŪ¥˽Ϊʦءϸ˵˵ϴǵʲô
ᰣŲҪ˾嵱ʦ
ɾò׽˻ɲô׷ųᰣ˵Ͳߵ˼
ᰱû취ֻҲϲ¥ˡ
ɾʧЦС뷨ѵϣʦһˣиչáңԺ㡭
ɾ֣һҿչʦҲҪҡɾʦӦõȼˣȳȥˡ˵žͿ첽뿪ˡ
ɾվԭأЩգգۣö˶˵ģôˣ
Ҳ֪Լʲôֻɾ˵˾ܸʦһʱƵ
᰿첽¥ֱȥҶ롣
һʱ򣬾ע⵽¥ΧĲõһӡ
лδϻŮ輧غ߲ʵĵɫʤա
ڵûˣкֻܰһһƮںУ洫
һ۾ͿһϵĶ롣ǡöҲ̧Цų֣ᰵһӾͺ
㣬䵽ڵĻϣ͸еС˲̧ͷһͼСڻ̣¥ȫ˺ϡ
¥ΧĽʧˣʪĺ洵١
ȡϵĵι㣬ҲûֻⷬʳᰣĻ˽ʳ͹Ǿԡ
ǡøϵıɾ䣬Ц޵⡣
Ҳû顣
ϽеĻδҲԽԽࡣ
󣬶ٴμιҵ߸ӡ
ɾһĵʦͽˣǺ˽ջ𣿡
ҪȥϵĵĲùϵ߶ɾϣϢҲһ£ǰ˾Ͳˡ
ɾô
Ц˵ɾҸʦֻͨŵӣǺ˼Ҳµġ
ɾһԽߴˣʱ洫һɧ
ɾ̧ͷһۣͼ¥Ϻܶ˶˳Ŵ¿һܺӡʲôˣ
᰽ΧС̸ڶָŲԶΪǸ
ȥͼһҺĻӲԶʻټͣ¶͵¥дģײᶯãЩ˲ô档
ɾһЩСֹʲô˱ҵӻ󣿡
һ֮ǰоǺĴһԱȣֱͳһСƴ
鲻ɾǼǵôеĿĵģ̫ߵվĿһϣҽյҪ˵Ǻηʥ
Ҳе棬뿴ǻ΢΢۾
˼ؽе˾¥ˣߵ˭Һû
ѽҿǺǿӣ
˲²˵᲻ǰգ˾¥ʾӣ¥˰⶯졣
ᰣ
תͷ뿴ʱʦʲô飬ȴ벻֪ʱ˻ȥһֳ򢣬˫Ŀ΢գ˯ˡ
һʦǲˣ͵һԭԱߵһδ̫רע֣Сײ˹
δϵ˺ܿ̽ͷǸ᰸˵ûϵͼԭߵĶһᣬֱֱԽ˺
һȥץѾˣֻҲȥ
СںߣˮԼѣܿļˮץס˶֣ǰͼǱ˫Ŀһ
һ֪벻С̲סüʦʱ뿪ôͻȻͷһΡ
ɻ󣬺һĿɨ.˹תͷ߾͸վ˾ߵĺӶˡ


56 
ȳ᰷ֱǺеɫͼתͷԵ˾˵ȥˡ
Ҳ֪Ǻ˵ʲô, ͼ˾һͷ, ̧˼˵ߡ
һδܳ, ǹеСӣû°ɣ죬ˮֱ, ɱš
ˮȷʵе, Ҳ˲, ñ˰æ, ֱӱŻԾ˴
˵˸ɾĲ, ᰵл󣬿ʼСĵزϵˮ
δϵ˼᰻˱˫, һ, һʱЩģСӣǲˮˣ
Ϊ˲ǲ᰼ϰڻ, лл, ֻǺ˵, е, µġ
Ǽŷԭֶ, ̰á
ᰵͷˣһȰġ
ɾܿ, еû°ɣ
̧ͷ˱ɾһۣɫƽ֪ʦûΣգӦʱ²Ż뿪ġ
ֻʲôҪ£ҪߵͻȻܾе㲻ԡ
ٴνĿͶڲԶĺϣȻǺҲڿȷе˵ڿˡ
΢΢šüѵʲô
ֻߣʦͻȻ뿪йأ
ʲôݣܱ˾Ϊͣ
ɾ´ȥ·ɣˡ
ᰵͷֻǲ뿪ͼ¥̴ӻһСˡ
һ˵¥λЪϢ˵λȻָᰣɾˡ
ɾ̧ͷ˻ϵĺһۣЦ˵Ͳ˰ɣҵλ·ʪˣǵҸطһ¡
̴ӵз䣬¥Ѿ׼˸ɾҲ׼ˮ
ᰣɾ̴ӵЩλĪҪΪСˡ
ɾ̾ŤͷԳᰵʢȴѽҿǲȥ
ᰵͷʦˣһжġ
ɾŶ̴һ֣·ɡ
̴ӱӹ裬᰾ܾˣҲֻա
᰸ɾܿ˻˾ӭ˹ϴһ˿Уɾôˣö˶˵ģΪλιȥ
ᰱ㽫δϵ˵˵һ飬¥ȴʦȥɾ
˾ãȥɡ˸·
ᰵлָɾ˵һŸ·̴ȥ
תʱ۾ⷢվڲԶĺڴ̽Щ
üʱȲȸʦʪ˵κǺȴȡ
ǰŸ̤ڣ;һϮ͵תͼɾǰס˺ӵĹ
Ҳ֪ζģֻһΣͽɾ˦˳ȥ
ɾͷ͵վ壬Щŵشе㾹Ȼģ
ǰȴһһȦɾΧ
ס˱ɾٴγ᰹ȥѸɾɫ΢䣬ιס֣ɱģ
ȴһǧһ֮ʱܿ˺ӵһУһ㣬Ż󻬳ס
ɾգգۣ
Ѱ˿ӽеι˵ô۸һСӸʲôб³ѽҸսٻغϣι𣿡
ӶԱɾĻţųᰣ۵׷ɿһĨ֮ɫɫһƱԽ䣬ֵʽҲԽԽҡ
Ƕһֽ̳ģϾ٣Ҫ˵лһˣܿ죬Щмܲסˡ
ɾŬظסĶ״Ȱ˺Ӽ䣬ʼղΪתᰣСᰶˣҿҪҪϸ䣿
ԼҲʮֵز˺ӹֶ£ʲôûǺ¡Ψһ뵽óƽķʽˡ
ｫݺһ٣ûĵԼ˦ƹһﵱɵֱд
᰾ܾʮָɴࣺ
ɾͷ۵⺢ӡ
룬᰽̸䣬ֻȨ֮ơ㿴нסˣʦֻԲѣ䣬Ļ㡣
ٴεҲд˾ǿ
軹Ƕ룬Ǵδ̹֣սҲ䡣
ɱ棬ȴǲ㲻ܣ۵׺޾ɫɫһָצֱȡʺʱڳ᰻е˺Ȼˡ
ͬʱһ
ץסӵֹĶüλѣ˯۸ͽܣЩ˰ɣ
ӿŶ룬΢㵣ܿԳɫת˲š
ܿͻָޱģһǸҼϴһ⺢ԨһΪ۷ˣԡ
ɾҲϴѾӹȦˣ߹οĲԣλ˽ύѣԨǿɲʲôˡ
ӿ˳һۣǸ
᰾˲ϲԼҿ񣬺񻹴һ˿⣬в⼫ˣԼûе
ʱ˵ᰶȷΪʦ
ʶʦ˺һֱæ֣շ̣Щȵص񣬻ʦˡ
벻Ŀ˳һۣЦһᣬĺܺá
˾ܿ˹Цɾɲй¶ݡ
ӵͷ㡣ϴʲô
˾˵ӣҿλɾƲ¥׼㡣
ӵ͡
ǣ˾¥һ䡣ڴ֮ǰȻ˸ɾ
˾֪̣ǵûиֻԸ׼˹Ϲġ
Զɾװģظ˽ܣλ裬ŵĴӣͽܣгᰡ
ֶԶ룬˵λҵѣҲǹ޵ɾƺ
ƺ֣̲ס࿴˺ۡΪŵӣ֪λɾģ˵ǳ۾ұۣ
ע⵽ᰵɫɾЦСᰶ㿴ʲôǼңּ˳۾ߵĴˣҿҪ˶ãܼŵ۾ˡ
˵ƳһڳߵĶ룬ɫ糣Ҳֻڹϲˮԡ
ᰵɾ˵Цˡڳ۾ˣʦ
ܿ첽죬ƺʣϴΪλ
ɾ㽫յϢޱ˵˳ʵأô뵽¥
ƺ˵һҪħͨ¥ɱˣҲ͹ˡ
˶٣Ķ룺֪ӶԴкο
붪ִֺӣҸᰣûʲô뷨ץ˾ʲô֪ˡ
ɾԣѾ˾¥ˣǺٸҪ޻ء
ֱߵĲһڣЦ˵㣬һһʱ䶼ûϡ
ɾƺżһ䣬վĺг
ᰳĬָŶ뷽Ÿĺӣҡ
ʵ֪ʦ£ƺɾӦҲѲˣֻûͱǲһƵĴֽ
ڻƺ֮Զ֣ʦˡ
ôҲ˵ƺҲʶʦġ
ڶ룬ɾƺ˷ʶȴҪһռӣʵеЦģЦ
һֱԶʵݸе棬ûҪȥ̽ʲôҪĬĬȴһʦ׿ڸ˵ڣĵ׺ȻЩС
ĸˣȴֻһ˱ų⡣
ʦĹϵϿ޼䣬ʵʦ磬Ͳ̤ȥ
ͼͨƺɾƲʦݣɹô࣬޴Ӳ²⡣
øɾע⵽ڶĳ᰾þδʵСᰶˣҪ˯һɡ
ҲŤͷ˹ȥ
ָһָĺӣҹܿĿ⣬ûУҾǡеơʦɾȥߡ
ã̫Զ
һȥˡ
֨ѽһűˣﰲһ˲ƺˣ
ֻм򵥵֣뻹ʲôſеĺӣңһˡ
ƺõꣿѹÿȥ㣬̴ӹٶ˵ˣκˡżˣûʱͿʼԭ㡭㲻֪״ô㡭
֪Ҳˣĺܡ
˶٣ûĵ˵ʵұģһ룬Ǹ㣬϶һҪҡҰɣҲҪġΪ˲˺壬ѡ񲻸˵ˡ
ƺһŤͷһԳѵıɾ
ɾ㱻ǺеôʲôЩҿûڹޣչɸûһϵ
ƺͷ۵üģ⼸½磬ΪǸӣ
ӣҵһ٣Ŀֱƺϡֱɾڼǰһۡ
ƺʲô
ɾѵһ򣬾ԣǺӾҵͽܣ㿴˰ɣǲرбķ緶
ƺ
뽫СͽܿһͨȻƺ֣ǼѣҲᰶĳǲҪ׼һ¡
ƺ


57 
ᰲ֪ʦڰıȡ뿪, ĿĵĴ, ֪͵һ¥
Բ̨žʵı, ֵĽȲЦ, µĿ, ̨¸Ť
᰻Ⱥм, ΧոȾ, Ҳź
ȻԼʧĺ޵, ʦôãҴһʼû, ڲԼʵ, ϶ʱδ
ļˡ
ͨһ󣬳ᰵ
ʦλӦкܶҪģڷв, һٻȥ
վȺ￴, Ȼоڿתͷ, ȴΧ˶æԼ, ûʲôμɵˡ
΢΢üѵԼˣ
½ĿתԲ̨, ͬʱɫעΧû, âڱĸоֻˡ
ֱ̽ĸоó᰾úܲ
뵽ʦ˵¥ӣǰȫڡʱǹһˣЩȥʦĺá
ôţᰱ㶯ˣֻ߳ȺûͼһŮӴԱ͵شܳһˤĽűߡ
һӦæǰû°ɣ
Ů˫ֳŵ̧ͷΪһϵߵ¶һס
Χ̲ס̾Щ˱˼ת˹
ҡźȻΧˣŮ۵ŵɫסᰵĸ첲Ŭ߿ȥ
Сӣеͽӵ/Ϸңҡ
Щ/˼⻰Ųʱһͣ۵¶εı飬ҲǣҲǡ
ûΧЩˣֻŤͷһ󣬵˶࣬һʱҲ޴ӷֱǺ׷Ůӣֻðûˣ㰲ȫˡ
ŮԺµؿȺȻܷģץųᰵĸ첲ģ
֪˾ţͷġʣ˴ӣһͨˣΪλڴˣ
ŮӵҸֳһģҪҴڷҾƣܳˣû뵽
ĵԭǸС㣬˵ǹֳ֪ʲôطȥ
𣿡Ů¶ϲı飺Сӣ̫ˣҶ֪ôл㡣
ᰵ̫ˣ֮Ͷѡֱۣ뽫ŮӷȴŮӵͺһ
ᰵôˣ
ŮӰһȥԼĽףۿ΢΢죬СڵĺʹӣҵĽţŤˡ
šü˼һ¥ҽݣȥɡ
ŮӶѾϸ˵鷳ˡҡҡͷ۵ĿУŮ뿪ˡ
˴󣬰ŮӴȴ򳶶˴ϸüһšǰȥ
ʱ˵תͱŮ
һæ˷ŵϣҲȰŮӿڣŤͷԴ˵鷳ٰ᲻Ťˡ
Ůӣ
źۼشųᰣͼϳ˵ǵɫ⣬顣촽۵¶ζȻɫ
Ȼо׵Ĵ͵͵۲ŮӵͷȥԳʱǰ޺ֵһ
ŮӸ˴һ񣬶̧ͷԳᰵСӣ㲻ôţû£Ƿ̫ˡʴ򡣡
Цԣ˵ǡ
Ůӵûƭɡ˶٣Щ˼ؿųᰣܲ鷳һطҵĽš
ͰŮӷŵĽᰲûпŰ˰ﵽ׵ԭ򣬵ͷá
ͬˣŮӵ۵׷ɿػһ⣬ǣ̫ллˣлһҪúñ㡣
˵ֵʱĿתȫɢһȻ֮˵
Ѱһ¥ĴԲûע⵽˵ٴε˿
**
ĿͳᰲŮ뿪󣬴Ѱ˵ϡ
ҽݽһֱĬҩѧͽ߹̽ͷ⿴һۣʦλСϵ·¥ʽе𣿲·Ҳ̫ЩǸʲôģ
ϥǵ¥Ŀˡſڵͽ֣죬
ѧͽżæŵӣʵʦôˣ
Ҫȥ¥úÿŵꡣ
ѧͽһʦ岻ãͲҪĴ߶˰ɣʲôҰû˵꣬ͼһԶˡ
ѧͽץץͷ૵ƽʱ˵岻ãһͺۣòƭҵİɣ
**
һߣ᰷ŰŮӳ˴Ůһһߺʲô֣
ᰡ
Ůӵظһ飬Цҽᰶòã
ƺе̫ˣᰶһ£ŮЩʧص𣿡
᰿Ů峺һͺá
ŮſЦ˵ᰶҲǽҹˡҳ㼸꣬Ҫ㻽һɡ
ᰳô󣬻δй˸㣬Щ˼Цһ£ûпڡ
ŮҲٶָŲԶһ䣺Ҿס
һרЪϢĵطʱ仹磬Χ᰷ܰŮӽ˷䣬ҪҰ𣿡
ŮҡҡͷҲ̫ȷҸʲôط
˵Цһ·˿֣˵Ѿ鷳ˣôûͷĴء
ᰵͷˣúϢŵʱһ£¥ķʩĺܺãŮӻ¡
Ůӵˣôȱ裬Ҫ˻Ҳ֪ء
ŮӼֻ֣벻Ǻȱ裬Ҳ˶ʱ䡣
ŮӰ췿ڵ壬С˺ԳᰵȥȡЩᰶһ¡
ᰵͷĿŮƵȥˡ
ܿ췿űˣһȲ⣬С˻ˮ
ᰵлֵһŮûг˼ùӵ˱衣
СںţһϮһ˫ź۴Ӻ滷סĲ
ᰲ㱻Ǻæ±ӣתһͼŮӲ֪ʱƵ󡣲ˣһ
ͬڷϽİ£ʱŮ///͸///߾ôչڳǰ
ŮӼ᰻ͷЦĶ䴵˿
ɫ৵һ죬ٲ£Ҳ֪Ůʲô˼͵վŮӵֱۣһ£ˡ
ҲƵűߣȴϱһ䣬򲻿
ʱʶԼƭˣ㲻ͨˣ
ŮûЦſᰶôʲô˵úñ㡢ġ
šü:Ҫ
ĴæԨ˶ߡʱֻһͼź俪
ŮЦƾ֮ⷿǴ򲻿ġ
ɢǰһͷȥʾԵ˵һ㡣
ģֻһģ
Ůɫ͵һ䣬ûĸ˸ҽҹ͵۽ᰣſһ
ҪϢѾˣһȥ
ŮӽסԵĳᰣָḧӣ̾Ȼ¥СƷ࣬Һķô
**
һߣ뾭һּۻۣƺֵǵļϴأ֤ɲܵ
ƺֱûƢˣ˵УҼסˣȻȥˣȡ㡣
صͷ
һȻᰶȥôˣôû
ɾ˸ۣСᰶôˣܳ²ɣҿ㿿׶ˡ
˵ץһӣҷŵǰСİɡ
һӣ͵ߣȴûԣ뻹ǵУطʲôţУᰶҲûߣҵóȥ
ɾ
ø첲һԵƺû½һҲ˵ûкô㿴ѧˣǰĹ˭
ƺüûɾǷ²豭ԶҲõģ˾¥ĵ̣˶ţӦò¡
ƺ䣬žͱ˴ƿˡ
˾վſڵ˾ĳɾΣҵûסСˣǵλСɾʱһ𡣡
ɾƺɫͬʱһ䣬ȫ״⣺/ʲô
ɫɾ֪ˣ͵/
˵еɵ̾ǽðġŮ㲻֪ҲҲܲµ/ϲ
ɾδ///µĿꡣ
˾ӻֶμ࣬˵ܻûԷĽ˵ӡôˣδʧ֡
ɾ¶Ҳ̶õı飬Լ//ˣ£Ҳ//ƣԣȣ㶮á
˾峤̾һǰ¥ڡ޹꣬ҾͲ׼̤¥ˣҲ֪ǿʲô취ġ
˾廰䣬ͼλԳļԨ.
΢΢۾ô˵ǱӵҪܽҵͽΡ

˫ԡͰг⳶˼ϵ·ϣ Ƶ󣬾ͼڴϣüͷ˯úܲȡ
һ۴߰Ʈź̵¯һ䣬̾¶ԭͷѾˡҲãҷĹ/
ʪõ󣬾ôŽ򴲱ȥ


58 
˫ۣԼһȫȻİķ, һʱЩȻĶ, ΪʲôӦá
, Щͷ۵üģô벻ˣ
нŲĺܽ, ᰳֱ, ͼһ
˵ڹ, ᰲܿ, , ֪˭Ϊְĸгʦκ˶
ʦᰵʦ𡣡
Ų΢, Ϊᰵ̫, ֻ׽һʦ֣Цһʦ㻹ʦãǺǣ÷, Ľ
˵ǰ, ᰾ͷԻʶѼ, 롱˸ǰ, ǿĶ
ųϺεɫ촽, ЦﰡǸ/ĺõط
˵һȹڴ, ǰ㣬˫۳ڳ࣬˳ϡ
Ϊ˲ʦֻ̫ýȴǰ֮Ҳ˹
ᰵĵһĨִټҲ벻࣬һְס롱ļ磬ֹĶеʦ
ꡣ һָڴߣջĵ˵ˣҵĺᰶһֵǧš˵Žˡ
Ŀɿڴؿǰ֮ˣͼʦ֮󻹲
᰾òˣʦˡʦôܻ裬ǷֻԼ
ԼΣֻμĵ޻ʦξء
˭ʦж𾴣ж࿴أֲʦ뷨ĵ״δ
ץס롱ֹĶͼǰ֮ôˣ
ĵҲ֪ôˡ
Ȼע⵽Լʦݺݱһ۾ʱǰһȻûб仯
仹Ǹ䣬ǰȻ̬ȹûġʦ𡣡
ᰶ
ǰ֮˺Ȼֹסᰵ°ͣǰ㣬ǳᰡ
ʯ䣬᰺Ȼ뵽ʱͷԣзǰ֮ʱĵӿ
ɫһ䣬͵ؽǰ֮ƿʲôˣ
¹ʦҲ¡
⧲ر´۵һĨɫЦҪԼѽҵĺᰶ㲻֪˭𣿡ֱӵʮĽƻ
üǰˣȴٴοͼᰶ㲻һֱڿʵԸ
ֻ´Ŀһɨִ߰Ϸһ͹¯
¯Ʈζòʣһɨ䣬һ㣬վڴߵİȥ
һ̧ӭȥ
˴򶷼䣬ڵ飬ɢĵǡ
ĿƳϵĶǰһѳϵˮݺڵϡ
ءһ죬ˮӦѣһƬֱ߬С
Ѫ⣬Ѫ˲˳ʹ֮£ᰵʶڿվǰˡ
㣡
ļڲƼգΪλˡ
ĳԾˣɫ䣺ʶҵĻģ㻹ǰĵһȻ᲻ſҲ㲻á
˵֪Ӻδһ̵ĳ/ޣɱϮȥ
ɫЩأͼһѩŵķɨֱӽеĳնˡ
ɫ䣬ȵ˭
նϵĲеıӣǽŰӶϿڳһ̶͵˵ϡ
źļԨվ⣬۾һеʦ𡣡
ĿڳɨһȦ
Žתһ///㷽˵˭
ƺɾ˾嶼ˣʱվڶ
˾忴һпŰ壬ǰһԶһǮר˶Ƶģ
˸ƣҡ
뿴ֱӰ˾֣Ұסֻ񼦣͵ǵծˡ
˾˼һɽ
ӣЦһƾ㣿
һ°ͣʮţƾҡ
ŭһֻһһصıӾһ㣬գ۵Ĺ򣬾ͻָԭ״
һ߿ʣµİŰ壬رܿŮӵĹࡣ
ЦŻԲҪסңʲô
ĿⶼʩԨǰһͣΪʦúýѵҸˡ
ɻĳᰵŮӵĴ򶷷ʽӲͬŮӽ֣ã֡
˶٣ֵ£Ϊʦ˲㡣
ᰵлʦ𡣡
ŭǼֱ̫
˵Ļںͷֽӽʱ򣬶ƳϵѪüͷһ塣ץųᰵô£
һָûʲôСˣ۵ġЩΣ̫ûзģˣʦΪġ
˵žҪȥýȴ뽫һŤͷ˾Ƚȴᰶȥ˿ڡ
Ҳݺ꣬û˸
߷ҧСӣ㣡
䣬ͼ͵ؽתֻһ棬Ӧʱ˶˳ȥ
վűߵ˾һѽסЦҼǵ˵ٸҳ¥Ҷ㡣
ʱ֪ˡ
˾Ҳ˵ʲô·Ըȥɣڳ֣ٺúʰ
˿ں󣬳ϴ˸軻ɾ·Ϊϲ¯ζ
ϴ꣬ƿڷʱ򣬾ͼ˾ڵˢˢ
᰹ŵһ٣ͼ֣ᰶ
ڵļ˶ԳʮָȤ
˾壬Ľģû˱ֶΣԭĴ򿪷ŻῴõĻ棬û뵽᰾ûܵƻ
룬Ϊٻ/
ɾŸˣֱ˳
ᰲ֪ЩĻʵʵ¯͸Ź죬ҾͰˣȻƬԼһ£ͷԾˡ
˾ܸȤʣ㿴¯ڵʲôɫ
ᰲ֪Ϊôʣʵɫ¯ڵ̶ǰɫģӡ̡
ŶǺɫġ˾ϳϸֳζЦݡ
ҲüɾǺٺټЦΨƺģһȲ衣
ᰱǵ̬ŪĪɻʦɾΪʲôôң
ɾ͵¯ķ/ġһˣ¯̱Ǻɫģ̻ǣ֮˻Լˣ
ɾ㵽ֹųᰣЦеСᰶ˵˵㿴˭ˣ
֣ɫһ죬͵رףæֵûУɾҪ˵
˷ʦôܶʦ˴治뷨
ǲܵģһŪˡ
ĿĶһۣͼʦһֳ°ͣؿ᰽ŵʦ𡣡
֣ᰳɵش˹ȥò˼Ϊʦ˵˵ļҵĹʱʶģ
ᰣΪʲôʦҲҪң
ᰲ˵пѽ֪Ҽᰶôˡ
ɾЦҪ׼ˡ
˾ҲŸ͡
ûΣһ²۸˼Сꡣ
ܲˣʦɾңеˣȻȥ˯ˡ
ƺ²豭ų᰼ƵĶӵıӰֿһΪͽܳ˵Ķ룬΢΢۾
ҲƵĻصԼķ䣬ֹϷźڴ
ɾŸ˵ĻһһԼǶ˽϶Ǵġ
᰺ڴϣ̫ˣܿ˯˹ȥ
˯òȣüͷĵѹźܶ¡ٴ۾ʱ򣬷Լһ죬ĺĶľϡ
ԻһĿİӣһ£󿴼˿ʮȻһ촽
һҪƿȴƲסԼ֡Լֽ˽ڻǸǡ
Цһ߷ֻ/䣬Ϥġ
ֻ/ȣԼŻˣһһؽУʦ𡭡
һʦƽһףһӰѳըˡ͵ɫ԰ֽ
ôˣˣԱߺȻ̽һֻ֣Ķϡ
ԭ벻֪ʲôʱҲӣڳߣڼͻȻѣҲ
ʦᰵȻƲסĲںڰпŶ룬ۿ΢΢죬۵ǻΡ
ʶôã뻹ǵһμСͽ¶޴顣һ£ܲ§ųᰵļ磬جˣ
Լϵ˿ڣ˱ѡ
ҲԼǲֻһجΣĵȴһ˵ǲΣĵ׵ģصԸ
һߡ
¥һ㣬רѺ֮˵ĵط
Ѻһηڣηܲ͸磬ֻһͷĴڡ
ǽƳɵģûԿףҪӳȥǲܵġ
Щǽڣͼҵ֮
˾壬ﲻʮûηԽʵˡ
߶ţһڷһ𣺡ȥҿ԰㡣
һŤͷȥͼǼʱǰ˾һĺӡ
ܿʰ飬Цܿͬ飬Ҳţһң˼ʲô
ƺĵЦţֻл㡣


59 
Ŀ΢Ŷ
ƺǸгᰵ꣬㿴˭
۵һĨŹֵɫ, ʧҵҪ֪ʲô, 
ƺɫ, ȻڿЦ
ڣȻʶʲôʣҸ, Ļߣ
ƺס
ǽ, ںǰ֮˵ĿŶ, Ƭ̺˵, Ҹ㡣Ǹƭ, ĺǣҶŹ㡣
ƺʾҪ˵ϻ
˸, Ŀ˵ðɺð, 㼱ġᰶҿ÷ʦá˵пһ䣺پǺðôɬ顣
÷ƺظһ飬üͷչһЩ
ǰ, Ѿش, Է𣿡
ƺһۣתɡ
, ظо֮˲ûи, תһͼվԭ, в֪ʱһ͹¯
ɫԴԴϵ¯ܿη
ƺ, Գõɫ
ҷѾŽ¥ɲʹ˺ջ뿪ЦŽһƷ˿õ󣬿ƺ˿ɾ䲻꣬Ҳ㹻ʣһԵҲǺܿĵġ
ƺڿһˣʹ֣һһ
ڴЦƵؿƺɱң
δصޣļžǹڴˣġ
ҡ
һ۷ڽһĵ׵ʤֶ˼֡
ǰ˶˵ĿĽȻѾ˷ǳǿҵĵزƺܶԼ˺ɱ֡
Ƶƺɫһ䡣
ֻ΢գۼǰһסĲӡ
һ¯һƺ͵Сϣɫףȴƺ۾Цɾɿˣɱңڵġ
ԴԴϵе¯ƮӿƺڣƺֻͷЩ
̲סһ۾ʱǰˣȡ֮һòΪɫӡ
ֻӺƻٵĺڷɢһ˫һЦЦɨ۵״߷ѡ
һԻ
ƺЩ㶵Ŀǰĺӣô
ȴǰ֮Щʹš޳üƺŵôˣ
ƺ۵βסĵǣ̲ס¶˵Цݣ˵𣿡
ƺŷӦæ˻ȥ
ŲһЩ̧ͷͼǰҲڿ
촽һ䣬ЦŨʮȻֱۻסƺĲ˵ϢϣΪʲôôң
ΪͻȻƺԽһ£ܿ
ڳһֻɦɦƺ°ͣŽƵ˵ţ㻰أôң
ƺĿһգգؿŻˣ۵׽ӿѹֲס顣
һֻ֣봥ǰ˵գĵ״Źǣ
ɴĶֱ࣬סƺ֣Լա
˼գΪһССĶ
ƺһǣ¸۵գһ૵
ʵ̫ˣֻ׽һ롱֣Ѿ㹻ˡ
ţء
䣬ͼǰʧƵģ͵ذסļǽϡ
ƺ䣬ϵζ¶һ˿ʹĻı顣
ľ/סƺͷȥ촽ȴƺͷһƫܿˡ
ƺܿеĶҲͣ
Ŀ
ȴǰһ棬ƵЦ
Ц̫ͻȻ̫죬ĵӿһɲԤУ㡭
ƺ̧ͷӯ۵׵ȫˣȡ֮һصԳ
ƺʱֻ󾱵ĺëȫӣѾˡ
ƺһסϸĲ
˫ӣ͵ʶʲô㡭ûСˣҡ
ƺǣһЦҲ֪Ц˭ٵվǼٵģ㿴ġɫһ͵սָ
ΪȱɫǺ죬˫޴ֻƺʵֱۡ
ܵƺϴɱֹסĲ룺Ļɱҡ
̲סģɾҡɫ/졭Ҵˣ˲ǡС˹ġһ
Ļû˵꣬ͼƺ͵ֻһëȻġꡱͷһƫûϢ
е¯ڵϣ๾Զ
ƺһڵϡ
ηڵɢˣƺϣı鿴е
վ֪ЩʲôƬ̺۾ʱʧˡ
ֻ̧һӣη¯ȫˡ
**
ա
¥ٴγ뺣Уȴû뿪
ʱϥһδϣò֪Ѱ͵㡣
ɾԱߣЩ߷ߵصһҹǺ˾û֡ץҶҪÿ
һһ
ɾҿ˿̲סºѣˣôһֱûСᰶƽʱСβƵһֱճ𣿡
˵̫ڷϢ
ɾһ㶣̲ס̾İŵˡ
˵˾񣺡ˣûСᰶǵļҵĹ
һĶͷˡ
ɾô˼ʦ𣿡
ŤͷüźѣʣҪ
ɾͿһʦͽܵˣҪĵĿɶˡ㿴Сᰶ޸ĸɻˣҪݵ˿㡣ôܶôģ
һƣʾ˵ȥ
СᰶͣΪʦ𣬱ҪúĪΪа;
ɾɫ࣬Σ˰ĸ֮̾һ֣ȶˣжٳԹŮΪտ񡭡
ɾ˴ʱ顱֮һ֣ⲻν̡
°ͣ˼Ŀźѡ
ɾཹེȥ裬һ̧ͷ϶Ŀ⣬ֱͦ壬ڰ֣سҡ
̲סһЦ˵濴ɾ/ô꣬˵/Ȼһһ׵ġ
ɾɫһڣĥĥЦһ۾αʮЦٲ㲻Ҳ/˵һֱʣǵۺ֮λȱ꣬׼ʲôʱ˲ϣ
ȱȱҪۺʲôܳԻ棿
ɾ֪뵽ʲôһתŬҪ˵Ͻۺ󣺡Ȼ㣬չ㡣룬и֪֪ȵߣԼĴϹεǿ
ȻҪǡ
ɾ룬˵ۺ󣬾˿ˣҿʱ㻹ôĴϹơ


60 
˱ɾĻɫ΢
ɾһϷ, ĵЦһ, ͿһΣ, ȹ졭졭죡ҾͶޣ޵СŮǺúϴһһ, ̰ѻ°ˡĵۺ֮λˡ
ɾԭӶһ, ˵˵źȻҲͦġ
ɵ/, Ҳ֪չԼ, ԺиϸĵĹ, ҲʡҸǲġ
ָ˶һ£Щпص˵Ҳûϲ, , ĻԸٳ֣һֵģҲЩĻ
ɾ˵žҪ, ȴȵȡ
ɾһ, ЦôѵѾѡҲ², ǡ˾¥ɣ
ʵ, Ѿˣ˾Զ벢ûǷ˼, ֻǶԶݸе棬ԲŻǷ䡣
ڶ, û˾ϡ
ûӱɾĻǵҷ룬˵ЩᰶѾˡȻˣһҪۺʲô
ɾ ոձô棬ľ
ȻֹɾָҸ㡣
ɾɵĿܾûк£ջǵֲĵ׵ĺ棬˹ȥ
ʲôѽôء
۵һľʱ֪ϵˣҪˣѾˡ
һץסɾ½󣬽˺
ɾˮ׸ŭʲô
ڴͷɢǰһͷ㷽ţ˭ɵ/أ
ɾ֪ǳ
ɾʪشӺӹҴҸϵ¥̴ĸɲԲĵļŵĻ⡣
Сᰶͽܣͽܸۺôһء
ˮҧˣ͵Ĳûߣ˵ʲôһģۺ󲻹Ƕһֽ顣⣬ᰶڻϰɡ
ɾ
̲סҽ˵Ǵ㻹⣬ôͽܵأôɥĲ¡
Ȼס˿ڣΪȻʶôɥĲ£뻹治Ǹɲ
ɾͷ۵ǣָָŶ룺Ҹ˵ɲͽܣ밤𣿡
ţ̲ס촽õŶ˭ô벻
Ŷ۵һĽɾ֪ԼˣˣͷϵĲһ˹ȥŶĲӵɾҪͬھ
ţнŲɾæȥָĶŵģŤͷȥԭ˾ƺˡ
˾ҡӣվڰЦλ¡
ͣ˦ϣʵеܳ𣿡
˾ףרŷģʷϲ͵ȥ
˵ţͼСͯҴҸ˾忴ӣʵ˺£
һŮͯ¥ˡ
˾һ£ɫ
ľٴ̤¥֪ӵǶơ
˾룬ƺ˵һʹ뿪ˡ
ɾЩɵصѺҿˣ᲻ɴݣҪѶҪķѺܴĹܵõ졣
Ӧ¥ҵĳͣϤ
¹˶㹳ϣߣûʲôǼ᲻ɴݵģֻҪѰһССķ϶ҪƵһã׾ٵġ
ɾɫһͬţǿĵطڲѱĿʳ
ɾʲô뷨
ҡͷʱûУҪͷڵλЩ˼ˡ
˵ţ΢΢һΣԭƺˡ
ƤһۣתߣӦûкܶҪôȥ
ɾոջΪһĳӿô˵̲ס˸ۡ
޵񱾸ɶ봦ֻأƺʹˡ
ˣȻİõĶ㻬͵ɾ֪˵ʲôá
ƺûŶĲʣ׼ʲôʱȥһߣ
Ѿ¶ˣƹˤңһȥҲûʲôͲȥ˰ɡǰͷܣǹ۵ġ
ƺüͷ΢壺ˡ
ڰ֣õģҲһˣԤǺǹؼץסѰ
ƺҸϴţ㲻òЩ¡˵ĲǸгᰵĺӣ
ᰵ֣Ĵһۣɻ㲻Ҷˣᰶô˯
ɾòǲ˰ɣ˲һ˾ţġ
𣿡뽫һ飬ȥ
δĶ룬ƺüͷĸ˵ϴģǺ̫Щǰɴû
ɾЦһִģСᰶ͸ӲࡣҲ̫ģСᰶɶ£Ҳú˵Ϊ޵һԱʱͿԺúϢˡ
⻰ƺüͷչһЩȻ뵽ʲô˵һֱʣ֪벻𣿡
Ȼû֪ģ֪ʵݡ
ɾЦ˵ҲôˣĻ޴Ҷš
ƺ˼Ƭ̣Эһ˵ðɣʲôּǵüʱ֪ͨҡ
ɾġ˵緹߰ɣǺþûúúһˡ
ƺЦһ£á
**
¨̤¥̾ӭ˹ɾʲôܲ˷Ըôһˡ
Щ˶֪¥Ŀˣ̬ȶ顣
뽫¨ݹȥͽθڲ̫ãûԶ㿪θģҸùȥ
ɾ˵ͽܣһ£Ťͷڿȥ
Ҳſ˹ȥͼ俿λõһ̨վһòݵ꣬ǳ˭


61 
վ̨⣬һ˵ʲôóԵģ
һ, æ, ֮˵ʱ, ɸˣʦôˣ
뿴һ̨ϵɰζðЩ, Ҫƿӿһۡ˭ָ⻹û, ͱץסˡ
ᰵʦ, С̡ഥ˲, ᰵǱ̵Ƶ, æɿ֡
ɫ԰ףֻ, Ȼ岻ʾͲҪ, ȥϢɡ˵žҪˡ
ᰲźۼغһܿ۾ʦ, ûв, ġ
뿴˳һͷ, תʵʲô
ָ⣺ҿʦûô, ǳԲķˣŸʦһЩһ, Բʦˡ
û¡һů, ϰԵᰵͷˡ
ԽñɾûˣôĵͽܣҪʲôۺȫͲҪ
ȴΪЩĵͬʱӿŨŨ
һϣڲƭԼǰȷʵ˳ʦͽ֮ĸ顣
еԽܣһֱԼǸͽܣɺͽǲʦ˴治뷨ġ
ڵܸӣһԶһ㣬һõ㣬˵ҪֲЩʲôԭ
ȫ֪СͽЩʲôɰĶʮָȤҿ˿ùһԵĲƿˡ
ζ˱Ƕ۾һȷ
һùһ״ʵʦҪ𣿡
ȻҪͷģá
ͱƲɾˣ̰ɫļƮ轣棬ͺܺúȡ
볢һڣ΢΢һ٣̧ͷ˳һۡ
ôˣ
ڵ¿еҨһ͵ᰴߣ㳢
ᰱ㿪ģ붯̫죬ֺ׼ֱӽС
´ûü࣬üͷ̣
æҵؽɰңһݡ
ˡ뽫һ飬סᰵ󣺡ҿ״̬е㲻ԣЩˣΪʦȥ䣬תһ顣
ᰣǡ
ʦͽ˳¥ڿտĳţ뿴һƲֵĳᰣ˵һ˵ˣˡ
᰽Ųһ٣Ŷһ
ĥųᰵйأģ˾ѾȥˣܿͻнȰץһٳ
ᰵͷûкܸ˵ӣĬһ̽ʵᰶܷΪʦУʲô𣿡
óᰵǺĶйء
һĴţĪǳ᰿ʲôٶ˵Ļ棬һʱܲܣ
ԽԽпܣϾͽ㴿飬ô󣬹ҵֶûһַ³ϵ֣Ҳ
뵽ɾ˵һͿһúðοһСͽܣȴᰵʦҿɾ㣬ҾȻطˡ
ֻüһͼҲƵˡһŤͷȻͼɾƺ˹
ɾЦƺϾͻعˣǺúúһˣСᰶأҸջأôһգ˾Ͳˡ
һȻʵץ𣿡
ûץŤ׺᰿ĵ뷨ûܳΣȵʱ򣬳ûԶٶʹҴϯˡ
ɾûвᰵĶԶ˵˵ʲôʺˣһͼ˸ôĶµͽܡٿյǼϣ˵ˣ˱ˡ
Цһôء˿ھƣһԵĿλվͺˡ
Ȼʵ֤̫ˣǴ¥صż󣬳ȻǸӣüͷƲ֣Ҳ֪Щʲô
űɾĻʦͽܵˣҪģڳ˼αںͷˡ
λǱ˴˼δȥϵһʲôǸ˻飬Ƕ
ڶ뿴Ͼûʲô£УҲˡóô죬ǽ飬Ƿᡣ
ܲã鲻þͱʾҪꡪȻʱ̫ãҲꡣ
죬ֱ߿ᰵķţൽĺ
᰿ŶɱڵĶ룬һʱЩ£ʦ𣿡
°һ̧νΪʦ⼸Ϊ˲ûС˵Ҳ˵Ļᣬֱӹ˹ȥ
֪Լ״̬ѣ¿ƲüԨ˶룬Ҳνôӭȥ
˵Ϊر𣬳ֲôԴȻǱʰĺܲҡ
һδӵĳᰣֵ̾˰ˣ͵ɡ
ǳɿŻĳᰣЩˡ


62 
ᰶĺˮϴпʲô, ʵ÷ϡ
ᰵĶ͵һ, ˮӳ԰׵, һĵӿһɿֻţָĲ룺ʦĪѾ֪ˣ
㿴, ʵʲôõ, Ȣ, ֮䡭֮, ʱͶ, ˣǺټġ
˵Ϳһ, Ǿø˵²̫, ѵһ㲻˼Ѿüˣ¾ȥɣú롣ΪʦΪʦȻ뵽е, Ȼȥˡ
֪, һ͵ضתͷǡò׽۵һɫ, һ, ѿڽеʦ𡣡
ŲһͣԼ˵⼸ǵӲãʦ, ӻᾡġ
תᰣοЦ, á
΢죬ӣϢһʱЩ㱡
Ȼյ⣬ڴʱ˿̿Цݵʱͨˡ
룬ֻҪĵǲòģ治ĸĵףֻҪʦţͿԵӵһֱߡ
ԿչʦʳӣЦȥȤָ顣
룬㹻ˣЩĻֲ̿Ǻʦ֪˼
һֱߣʲôò֪ء
֮ͨ󣬳ᰵ鳹׷Ĩȥϵˮ飬ߵߣʦָһο𣿷мû塣
ѣЦת󣺡ҪСˡ
ᰴٲΡľͬǲͬǰĻֲ̿һֱŶ룬ԽԽܡ
ůڵ£΢紵żӣɹĺϣʵҲûô¡
ʦ𡣡ᰵ˶һǹ̲סһ
ţΪ£̲ס̧һۡ
ʱ˵ľܹܽĿӳӰȻͼǰС˫һ䣬¶һֹʵЦݡ
˵ӲҪɻ飬һֱʦߣչ
΢΢һЦǿɲУ㲻ף˻ΪʦĴ㲻áϴ
еġĿ˶һۣĬĬ
һԽᰴ죬ʮֳ졣վ͵
ǡ᰺Ԩŵһԣߵĺϴ˰
ʱ򣬺һͷһԭǰ塣
ӦǷŶеʱ򣬶Ʒ粻СɨӳܲסԶϵˡ
׹ˮ֮ǰһץסӣһ׼ʱ򣬲֪ʲôĿ͵һ١
᰾þò벻ʵôˣ
ʦ𡣡ǿüͷ΢ж
ţһܿʶʲôҿ
**
ӹᰵݹӭŹⲻͣı仯ǶȲ鿴֪˶ãڿڵȷʵж
ʶָ߬ǰĻ治ɸͷŷ֣ȥô꣬Ǹڶǵ
ʦܿʲô𣿡
붯΢٣ųᰵ۾˵ⶫܿħйءбҪҿҪٵö壬㡭
ŵĴӣĿʧǧħͻȻ˽
ʹΪ٣ֵҲûпܡ
֪Լһ뿪ţٴλȥſáѡ֮ʣ彻ᰣš
뵱ȻΪ費˳ᰵİΣ
Ӧǲ鵽ʲô֪زΣƲѲŻô
룬赱治ںᰵôԼʱʲôܣֻúýء
뵽̲ס̾
ʱֻ֪ر߻һҴ޵ĺӡ
ʱ֪Ǹ˾ʲôĹ¡֪ˣиеһϧ
봹ǰ΢ĽëյȭͷĬĬ룬Ǳ֮
ħ峹׽𣬶ǽѹȱͲᷢˡ
ڣĵطͬһ㣬ӵŹδˣΪħ壬Ϣ
̲ס۾üġ
ʱ˵ãһжʦġ
۾˽꣬Ҳ֪飬ö˵ΨһĶˣԸ⡭
ӭŶĿ⣬ȴᶨʦ𣬼ȻеĶҪôҪȡܽЩħ͸ǹץסʦܹĿѣܻݡҲٿ·ʦҲһԸ⿴
һ²żûʲôﲻʦʲôæһЩСһġʦʲôõõҵĵطܿڣĶᾡȥ
ǵһΣᰵŶ棬ȷʾ֪ˡ
δţֻüָһ³ᰵĶͷЦСװʲô㳤˵ɡ
սԳᰵˣȻȥΪʦúоһ¡Ҿڲ½ȡ
һůһȥʦ


63 
ҹ, ķڡ
᰿, ͸ֽ, ΢΢۾ǣ
ֽ뽫õַŵһԣ᰽͵ֽ仯С׸κζ, Яܷ, ѱ֡Ϊϡȱ, Ѿܶû˼, ҲΪҵ
Ŷһ, ̽ͷĿϵֽǺһŵͼ
Ķ֣ᰶ, 
߹ȥ, ʣĳͼϻģʲôط𣿡
ϸһ۾ȻһǡɣӺ
ɣӺ, Ƭ󺣡
ͼ˼ʮϸ, ɣӺΪģΧĳ, ССĴ䡢еС, ȫϸϸػ˳֡
Ϥּ, ̲סۿȣͬʱҲӿе
һô, ȴ֪ʲôЩ˯ҹСһͬܲżҵʱǡ
룬ʱʦ϶ܣԼȴΪֵһ㣬ֻ֪鷳
ǲᰵ仯뽫һַֻŵϣ᰻عæĨ˰۾ʦ𡭡
һû׷ʲôֻڵͼĳһ㣺㿴
᰿ȥֶָڵĵطмĿĺ㡣ս˿ǺΧбע
ԼҴ壬ƽ壬塭ĬǱɰȦĵȻ뵽ʲô͵ػͷʦ⼸ӣħ˴塣
ĿһùϵıʣɰӵСȦ
ͷһ̲סץ°ڡ
ӵ֣ʦĵط
밴ռе˳ֽȦħ˵Ĵӡ
Ȼע⵽ԵĳһֱûжŤͷȥͼĿӵϣ촽ҧɫһƬѩס
Ķ΢΢һ٣һס˳᰿ͼߣᰶʱ䲻ˣȻȥϢɡΪʦ˼·ո
ȴҡͷ˵ʦҪ
СĿᶨҲټҪȥ
ʦͽûö೤ʱ䣬Ͱѽ걻Ĵׯ˳
Ϊ⼸żǿ˷ӵ֮󣬱ĴԽԽˡǽ꣬Ѿܾò˵ħˡ
±ʣĿɰעĵطȴЩλûңһȽܼ⣬ĺ㶼ʮַɢ
Ƭ̣ûзκιɣ΢΢šü
ȻԼ˷ҲΪôģµŪôһͼСزصôá
ͼһʲôֻûע⵽ֻǣʲôء
˼ʱ򣬺Եĳᰵ૵ѡ塭
ţ
ʦ𡣡ֵڵͼһλãҼǵõʱµʱҸʦڸʦҹȥˡ
۾һˣӦ﷢ʲôᰶɻǵã⼸µ壬еֳȥ𣿡
ᰳĬƬ̣ʦҵʱ䣬Һú롣
ѾǺöǰˣᰵʱͺСһʱ벻Ҳ
ͷûбһʱ˭û˵ﰲ
ǰ˼ʱЩӲһ¼羱žЩ
ⲻɨԵͷ˼ĳᰣź֪ķӦӽ俪ʼ᰾һֱվŵġ
Ŷ÷ˣһվǼʱ
⼸ʱﻹ˳һǺü١᰻Ҫʰꡣ
̲ס±Ǽ䣬۵ͬʱе룺ɵӣôͲ֪˵ءϴ໽ˣڵذϣҲǲվôʱġ
ţһᰣЪ˵ᰰ
ĳ񣬵ȷӦʱæҪ벻ɷ˵İסţ
ãȻƬ̣ȻӦ˵ʦҲۣ
ҲšǶ룬벻Υʦ𣿡
ǡСӦţһͷȴѹֵһСࡣ
һĿٴǰĵͼϡ
֪˶ã͵̧ͷڷⲽĶҲתͷȥ˵Ŀڰײ
Щ˵ˣӰȥûãʦҽڵչˣ˵Ҫ죬뿪˴¡
˫һбҪЩȥˡ
̵ʦҲȥ
뱾Ҳû㽫޳⣬Ե˵ͷãʱ䲻ˣȻطϢɣһ硭
һ£ˣҲô鷳վ˯ɡ
ᰱ˷ּѣһ⻰ڵؾͺˡվҼҧͷãһȥ˯һʦ𡣡
ſֹأǾ䡰㣬ˤˡšָġ
ڶһ磬᰹Ȼ˵ǰ㣬һڶ뷿ǰ
ţͦż米վſڵС̲סЦ˶磿
ᰲ˼ץץͷ˯š
һ룬Ҳ顣
ֽĴˮϴϣʣʦҪʦ𣿡
Ƭ̵ȲǱҲݲϱȹȥ
һӦǵ֪̫̫࣬Ļ֮˵ע⡣
ǡ߬ȭͷʦھͳ𣿡
뿴ųϼȼЩµı飬ѵôż
᰼ɼ˿ȥ緹
ءסȥԡʵǲ̫ϲķģֻóЪһЪ
ð緹УͬǣǶ룬ᰵˡ䳵Ǹ


64 
žĿĵԽԽᰵɫҲԽԽ
ͷ, ŨܵĽëȥ۵ʵ, յ˫ȴ
ԴӴӱ, ôȥˣᰴδعӵ塣ȥģһ뵽, մӱĲ״, ṳ̂Ƭˡ
ʱȥ, ڻǻˡ·ֳĲƵĴׯ, ĵȴԽ̿
, ֻһ˻ǵʱ͵ġǵĻ˭֪
أԲ, ȴ, ֱ˵ءЩĿΧﲢӵ塣
غ󣬽Ԩ, ָǰӦþǰ, ǹȥ
ûиȥվԭֹ
֪, ѽ֪ͨϴ, һͬжӵǱȥ
͵̧ͷ, ĿһգգڶϣɫЩ
뱻һ, °ͣЩȷصѵ뵽ӵֿһΪڻû׼Ȼˣǡ
ᰴָᶯһ£սڼѹʲôòʦлл
ΪһվȥϤӵ塣Ͼ˼꣬ʮϤҲ׿û뵽ʦΪ롣
᰼ҪȥӵͷջûסЩеǰݺݱ
Цһѽģвɻ෴żֳ磬ϵСͽܻƵġ
ҡҡͷû˵˺һɿ֡ͷЦǰЩ˼Сͽܣӵֻȥȥ
˼һ£صͷȥʦߣʲôµء
۵ӿһЦ⣬ãȿߵ
š
᰸ڶ󣬺ܿһƵĴׯǰ
Ⱥħĺǲɱ˴ˣһѻ𽫴˸ɾ
ǰҳĲƽ̲ס߬ȭͷû˵ʲôǰ˼æϡ
ӵǰ̮Ľھɹܺѿԭģ
˫ʶ̽ʲôƬ̺۾üͷ΢΢šЩɻ
᰷˺Ҵ
һ̧һֱֻۣᰶ˵ȥ
Ӧһ˺üͼһ뽫ǰɨɾ
ֻǽʶʲô¶һ٣Ƭ̺ŤͷԳᰵе鷳ǿҪһˡ
᰺ܿ췴ӦǵʹñܻʲôһһһߵʦЪţС
ȴҡͷҸһ𡣡
ǡü۵Ļ
֪룬ЦһͷڲǽЩʱ򡣡˵ǰһ߿·ϵľͷѩ׵ѥ˲մȾҡ
ˣҲ˵ʲô鿴
᰽ķЩשҪһ˿õʱȥˣȴһ
ͷ䲻㶾ǳ˺ĨȥϵĺˮתͷȥѰӰȴֻϾɡƵשǽԭ֪䣬߳Զˡ
һᰲиַϵһ߷ңһ߻ǰ顣
ǵðµʱձȥûãʱ軹һ꣬ڴ˼ꡣ
᰼ǲΪδӵֳˣֻǵðµʱ׼ؼңϢ⣬תȥ˰塣
ᰶеƬֱĿ⻺ɨΧ
ǵõʱʦתһȦȥʱһ·϶صģصǽԼڷ
Ȼ뿪Ӵ£ʱ˶һȦȴܿܡ
룬ʦʱ׷ʲô
ţһഫϸ΢죬ɫһݣ벻Ǹ˭
ס˼ԨĽСسķȥתսǣ;һɱ
ϡһԨʣ˺һֻĿһѪӿ̧ͷһͫ͵һˣ
˲˵ϻٶȼкȻȡᰵӦ˼к·硣
˴ңǴ򶷵ĺõطһʱ飬͹һ£͵һ
۵һĨ⣬гȻ£ͫȻһһܱܿᱻ롣

ʯ䣬һɫӰȻ֣һסᰵȣһץס˺˵ĵɱһ
ɫһýһʦ
뿴ǰĺˣ΢䣬۵ȴЦ⣺ôһˣ۸һС˵ȥǷЩˣ
˲һƺţڶֺ󣬳ˡ
һߣֻһֱȡ˵ĶñȴһƫͷԾȥ
һδУҲգָֻ͵Ŷˣ
һõݶϣؿ˶һۺת뿪
Ļǰ뿪ָֻһһֱ׷˶ȥֱһۡ
ǣ˶ϱۺ˴ѪҺӿһɺ˺Ҳδͣ䣬˾ʧˡ
뿴ź뿪ķ̲ס۾
ǰʦǡ
Ǳ𣬶ǿܡջĿ⣬´᰺üۣû˰ɣ
ҡҡͷеӼˡ
Gڰ֣Цô˵СǺˣҲ˵һܴͻСԺĽռ仹ܴ󡣡
衣


ҡ
˵ֳȥķͶȥһƳ۵һĨɻ֮ɫ
ֻһֻܣǿĻ֮˵Ȼֻǣ˭ء
᰸ַһ飬ʲôֶûС
ˣҲǺջǺ˼Ȼ˵ǵ˼·ǶԵģֻϣϴǱߡ
Ļû˵꣬ͼһĨɫĹâӿмغΪıɾ
һ٣üôˣ
ɾȻǹǵİΣϹ
ᰶһۣǱҲˣ
ɾͷһĿڣܵ˾޴ŵӣǶ֪ʱжգͷأͻȻʹܳʮħ塣Ǳ񹦸ͱǶˡ
˵Ȼʶʲôȵȣ㷽˵ҲѵҲ͵ϮǣɨһΧûзֿɵˣҲûħʬ壬ϲ¶ɻɫ
ᰱ㽫ŷ¸˵ˣɾһˣ
šüЩ߷ߵص˵أôһֱԭѲˡ˵ıµǲСȻ㹻Сģ˻ܲѵͨ˲ɣ
ЦŶˣ
£ɾЦһôܣôãùͷء
ѱһҲټңҲҲʲôõ
ѰһĵطվţĿԶ²Եĺϣɾ᰷վࡣ
ɾȻø첲˶һ£ʲô
룺룬ǵٶΪʲôô졣
Ҳǳ᰸еɻĵط
ҹŶǰӲ鿴ļƻոһͳˡȺħȴܸ֮ǰʵ̫ˡ
һֻͻȻֻ뵽ֿܡһħһֱ˼ֻǴӷǵˣٵĨۼ͵Ϯô̵ʱ䣬ô£Ͳܡ
ɾĬĬͷʣǻһֿأ
룬ڹ
Ȼһֿܾǣǳ֮ǰǺ˾ѾõϢֲá
Ȼ̧ɾ£㶼˭
Ϊϵ̫ˣɾûΪ˵֪ģֲǴͣôĴ˵ֻһ˵
룬¥Ǹˣѵ
ɾע⵽ᰵɫЦ˵Сᰶģƺй¶Ϣ۾˵ǹ޵һ֣˲Żħ塣
᰿˶һۣɫ糣Щ˼صɾҲǻѡ
ɾЦûû£Ͼֻһ棬պϤˣ֪ʵǲġ
һͬʱЩģϢǴӱɾǱй¶ȥģǾֻʣˡ
룬ѵڻħӦ
˭
ܹܿʦĶ䣬Ϊһɡ
ǿǵᰵĸܣ벢ûм˵ȥ
ԱɾڶЩˣעЩӣħס


65 
ɾͷЩƵ˵Ϊͷ, û뵽һʲôûˡ
һ°, һ, ֪뵽ʲô۾Ȼ
촽Ц˭˵û
ţɾ⡣
뿴˺һ, , ĳᰵļ, ᰶ, , λɾ˵˵
һԱɾɾ, Щħ񻹱Ѻڵ, ǡ
Ŷɾ˫һ˵ˣôȺ쵰ˣ
ħ, ڴﶯֽŵ, Ҳǡ
ҡͷǸпԼôôһ, һӽˮˡ
ǡɾ⣺ܵħ֮, Ϊûһ˽£
Ҳ΢΢šüһôħؿƿ
֪ˣȺ˾˽С˵ʿɾȻ첲Ϊħҵ, ֵǣѽ
뷭˸, һѰ±ɾֱۣûħЩӣɲΪҵʿ
һʱûͷҲԽԽȣɾ飺ҪҸطЪһЪٴȥҪɹˡ
ͷŤͷʳᰣʲôЪŵĵط𣿡
ҡͷһϤ
ɾһЦĵĽҰɡ
ɵĿźѣģаƵġ
Ƚ˾¥䣬ƺʱ򣬶ȷͰźˡ
۾ЩõĿűɾƺ͵Ҳģ
û˵꣬ͼᰳڶƺһ١
ں棬ոûƺ˵ʲôЩĿվڷеĺˣ᰼ɾ
ƺ䵭Ӧһ˵վˣ
ɾ룬ڵһʱռ˿ĺλãվſڣ֣СᰶҵҳǼҵĲζ
Цһ£á˷䣬ϰԵȸ뵹˱衣
ʮȻĽӹȥǿˣһԳᰵһ
ڶ벻һʼǰ㼱ˣֻСš
ҲѿˣӺȲ裬ʲôлɣ
˵ûƺЦôûУⶼҪɻèˣʲôطģ
˵Ŵӻóһɾֻǲͼתͷᰣᰶ㿴Ϊʦ𣿡
ǽʱϴ֣ûϣڳϸһȻձмҺۣͷеġ
˵ʮȻڶһĨûˡ
ĵͷתչʾĲոƺɾ˰ɣ
ƺźۼ߬ǷϸĻܷ۵׵ɫе䣬ܿ˹ȥ
ƺЦţɾˡ˵ſ˳һۡ
εĽӹɾݹļȣƺעӣɿ˹ȥȴƺѾƿĿ⡣
ƺԶϴ˵˷֣տջ񣿡
ҡҡͷƺô鷳
ɾˡȥҿǣˣֻȫҪħˡ
ƺħ壿
ɾͷ룬ƺ˵ˡ
ܣƺüһܣܴǵѣĻ֮ˣʵֻѱƽˡ
ɾһۺҶȥŵʲôˣӲðɣŬһѾͷˣʱǾһˣڹ޿֣ǵġħ£ͼʲôֱԻǰ̡
ûɾ㿴ᰣСᰶ˵
ᰳĬƬ̣ΪȨƣλ
ɾͷЩֻ²£Ŀǵ۾֮λ
˵۵׸ֳֻɫѽǵ۾̫û˽ˣҪȡ֮ˣ
Ƥ˱ɾһۣЦЦôãڴ
ɾʸڷϣܰΪ۾ĸ
˽εǧ꣬ʲô¶ܵĸ
һһܿ컰ƫˡ
һɾһԼϲĲɫһھζУкԣȴһ˼ģ
¿ӣԴ£ᰶʲô뷨
᰸ദʱһֱǺܷɵģһ㶼ʲô˵ʲô
ڳʣֱ˵ʦֻǾЩɻΪʲôֱ϶ˣôǿ˵ǹ޵ɾǸ˵
˵꣬͵һƺɫ˲룬ɾҲһ
ǸᰶɾڻعЦġ
ȴƺشǧǰΪֹħֺ˽磬ɾΪ䣬Ƕǲսսѣô˵ǡ
ƺĿųᰣͷŵѹ䡣
ֻûб壬ǶǿѹǿվϿҵضƺԲ𡭡ɾҡ˼ǲܣҲûСҪ衭ɾѵġ˼
̶ʱڣϾͳһ亹ԱߺȻһֻס󣬳žЩ
Գᰵû£֪ֿƺ
ɾû뵽ƺͻȻŭæԲᰶСǰ£ôҲûж⡣㿴Ҫǲ֪ ҲôʣⲻǺҶһˣ˺
ΪƺһͻŭٷԵĺǳơ緹󣬱ɾͽ˳ȥ
ɾҾ¥ǰһСԺԺмɽˮһؽ
ʱڽǰɾԱ߰ο̫ⷽŵ¡
ҡҡͷɾû¡˵ˣɾ
ˡɾ˸ʴյߣʵƽﲻģѹ̫ˡû£պˣҲ񱾾ϲġ
ҡͷ
ôɾţ
̧ͷ¥¥һ򿪵ĴȥβŵҾɾϲҵġ
ɾʧЦΪʲôᣬɶ£ǰ;ĺ û˲ϲպһϣЩСܽǵİء
Ҳһ촽ֻЦݺܿȥˡ
Ҳ˵ΪʲôǾôӵһ¥濪ʼƺͲϲռ棬ƺĵˡ
Ϊʲô
ᰲ⣬ƺǸ߸ϵɾ۾ĸһ֮֮ϣֻһСӣԼ
¥򿪵ĴߺȻһӰǶ롣
ǳ᰺ͱɾҡҡ֣Ťͷ˵ȥˡ
һ£һ뷨Ȼӿͷ룬ƺ㲻ϲԼѵΪʦ
ֻ뷨ܿͱѹȥ˵ǷˣԼʦ˼Ϳ˶ˣ̫Ӧˡ
ɾ᰾þò˵ʣʲô
Цһ£ûʲôɾɾϵܺã


66 
ãĽ顣
ǲóĴ, ɾཫƺϵ׶ˡ
𿴰, ദģ, ʵͦġһСĸ˫
һɾʱҲ߰, ĸ, ɶħ, ʣһС, ȫѪĸ׵ʬԡǵ۾ʱϵ, ͱЩײеħˡ
ʣأ
ɾʱǴ׵ʱ򣬵۾Ҳæĺ, ع޺ͰˡȾ΢һЩ, ƺôˡ
Ǹʱ£ɾϴŵ㻳֮ɫһ˿Ц⣺ʱ˽ҲҵһͿ, ûʲôطȥ, ۾Ͱ˹ޡҲΪ, ֻ˼ͷˡ
ᰵҲ˵, ɾʵǳһִģѹɾ
ۡɾûסЦֵ, ۾ɲչˡ˵һ£Ŀڳϡ
ᰲɾ, Ϊ㿴ң
ɾҡҡͷ˵ɵӣʦô꣬Ҳִһˡ
ɾͿһ۾ʱæѰһλɾչˡ
Ŷһ
ɾ£ʼ˵ǹ޵İԡ
ᰣ
**
¥İڣӴջĿ⣬Ըƺ˱衣
ƺɫᰶҲǺһ䣬αظһӼƽϡҾᰶ˵Ҳ޵
ƺոշΪ仰üʲô˼ѵҲԼһ𲢼սսѣ
ֽˮŵһԣĵЦʲôɲɣֻƲˣûҪôϸߵġ㣬鲻ãô󣿡
ƺϢһϣֻǲܡ
šαһ֪壬ħжײж񶾣벻Ҹ㣬Ҳ֪ġħϣôΪ
ƺû˵üͷĺܽ
ƫͷ⿴һۣҲ֪ɾڸ˵Щʲô᰻ûôأԼЦǰϵģǶ޵
һôţһתͷƺ˵ҾǶΪͽһ˽ʿΪβܳڹأᰶôһʣǸѣ˵ޣڲôɾ
ƺ촽һҪ˵ȴһ֣֪ô˵϶᲻Ҳͬܡ
޵˶սЩ˼ҲѡڸһִģȴҪǡ
ȥȻ˵ЩˣҪ֪˻ɣǻġǧʱȥˣж˱Ѫ뱧
ƺγ׳Ĭ
վļ򣺡⼸μ㣬񶼲̫ãԼôѹ
ƺҡͷüġ
ƣӣ̾ǱĴһæǧ궼Ϣҿɣһ٣úЪһЪ
ƺε۾˻ûãÿôҪԲġ
Ц˭˵Ҫˣϴڣңô꣬ҲΪˡ
ƺ
Ժɾ˵˴⧲˸磬űǼüôһɲԤУ


67 
ƺûͬż٣ɾڲ֪һ١
ʱ, ٴξ˶¥İڡ
ϵȫȥ, ֻһŵͼš
ɾ, һжǵһμŵͼɸпͼ֮˵Ű
ָŵͼϵĺ㣺ЩȦ, Ǳħ˵ĴӰɣ
뿿ڴ, ΢һƷ˿, ֻһ
ƺϸһ, üЩֲĺ޹, Щħʲô
ʱ
ƺ˼һڶ, Ȳŵͼ, ˵˵ǸϮǵĺۡܡ
ɾ˾һƣĿǰΪܸᲢ۵ģʵࡣ
ֱͦ, š
ɾ֪ɵִϹ, ڵ纣춼š
ɾһ˵, Щ˶еٮٮ, Ҳġ
ƺͷڵ, ʵŵţֻﷱæ, ֮λרĴڵΪҲ⣬Ҳᰵ˵飬Ƿħ年ᣬץסˣҾϢ
ƺô˵᰸ɾͬʱһ¡
ƺ䵭Ŀ˳һۣʲôû˵ƿĿ⡣
ɾ̲ס⵷һԵĳᰣյᰶЦ˵ɣҾ˵ǸܺദˡⲻѾ֪ˣֻ˱ȽϱŤҴ˵Ǹ
æɾˡ
ͷӶͼ벻֪ʲôطóһֽֽϷֱдűɾ˵Ǽڵ֡
ƺӹȥһֽֽۣݸ˱ɾ
Ϊƺŵǳŭ𣬳ֻĬĬţţ˼ţ˵
ɾ°͵żǰ纣ʮ͵͵ħ纣ضħ޵ҧгݣǲΪµġǷǸķ죬ϸħв֮
ˣ֣ӡڸʹ˵ܵʶΪֹǰǿͻ䣬ͽλӡ
˵ɾƺЦһ£Ҽǵ˻ġʶˣӦʲôͿ¡˵žҪֵֻ
ȴƺǵȵ֮˵ɡ⣬ϴҵҲдϣʱúһźá
նȻһɾǵЦҲһסˣЩãȻĿƺŤͷ룬ʾʲôԭû𣿡
Цһ˳Ŵڳ¥µңͷһݱ𡣡
**
Ϻܿ챻һݵƺǰƺɫԲÿǽ˹ȥ
˽еϷֳˣŻһЩ
ñʽֵֻˣǷŵм䣬Ȳ˵ޣǿʣµˣʲô뷨ϴ㳣˽ŵӦñȽϤ˵
ɾʣµ֣һ֪⼸ڵɣɣӺ֮ңǲţǳϣ뿪̫áҲû˵ǳòɵϢ
ͽ£ħĶѸ٣ʵ벻κһ˵ĻϢôݹȥġôߵЧʣͱˡ
Цһѻ죬ɫ˵ȷʵеǺ˵Ķίʵ̫ˡ
ЩŰ//ߣϢҲҪʱġ
ɾ૵ĪǺڹޣôӰɣ᲻ỹڰϻ
ԣǻһˡӷſʼһֱĬƺȻ˵
ʣͬʱ̧ͷ˭
ƺĿ⻺ɨǰˣţʡ
ͷһɾüɣŲһֱڱչ𣿶ҡ
˶һۣ˼Զ۾ʹţǺ˵ĻôĿŵڶƤӵ¸£


68 
ƺܹȷڱչأ
ɾ룬Щɵص⡭
⻹治ȷ
Ϊ˽ʿǹ޵ɾ, չ;µľ˴šչرǿд, ߻ħ, 䡣
Ҫ¡ǵ۾ҲܲԵɵĴȥ˼
ƺ䵭˵˽簲ǧ꣬ȴһٳħ, Ǻӻǡŵӡ, ľɺû˰а, ƾǸκȻ, ˵ĶĿ, ƭڣн¡
ת룬ҹն¼ƻ, Щħж, Ѹݵٶȣܲ˶롣
˶٣ǰ, ǰκȻ˺˵, ǵ¥ץˣǺ˺ȵõϢһ, һֱû
ƺĻ, ɾɫôһ˵ʺͦɵġ㿴ռ, 겻ǰ¶棬ıʲôҲʮַ㡣˵ƽʱ, ˭ỳɵϣ
ʳָ˼£¶˼ı顣
ɾ˶һۣߴٵڣˣ˵仰ôŲԣ
ָһ٣̧˵ˣһʲô˵ġ
ɾüͷĸˣҲʿɣ
δ֮ǰ˭ɡ
ɾۣⲻǷϻ𣿡
ЦŶϻҿǷŵļƣѾʵǺƵġ
ɾ˼һ˶˼˵öԣֻƾ²ж˵ȷʵԣһлǵõ֤˵ǡ
Щյĵ޻鶼ףô죿չزֲǿгȥһŪˡ
¶һҲ̶õı飬ŵĵλͣŪˣ֪Ż᲻˺ģħֹޡ
һ¶˼ı飬Ƭ̺һɾ۾һˣ
һЦ룬Ҫȥһ£
ɾ̣ŭ
ǿˣǰλһ㶼
Ȼ˵ϴĶżһСආʲôģɾһôţһˮ
ֻˮնͽͼһգкᰵʱ䲻ˣᰶǻȥɡ
ɾˣ
ƺҲ˹ȥ
ˣ߻ҹ𣿶ˣ޻λͷǵˣʽҸᰶС
ɾһûޡǣô㽻ҺͰ飬Լֻһǰôôأ
뽫ڳᰵĲϣЦΪұͱ
ɾ
ƺǺ侲סצıɾԶãһСģʲôʱ֪ͨҸϴ
ͷһġ
ʱͬȥʱ᰸뻻λá
һһ飬Ķƺ
᰻عûС
벻ţΪһ·˵
ᰳĬһʦûɾɾ壬û˼óȻڣ
Ҳ˵˵ʡ
һ£⡭ɾ˵ȷʵЩҲֻǲ²⣬ʦҲ˵ˣҪõȷе֤ݲ¶ۡ
һ£ֻǣ˽ĵĲϣǸʦ档ʦʦһ.
᰸ݺͣȻϵܺãƽｻ̸ʱܸоݺͣȻŵĳݡ
ᰶ̲ס̾һ
ᰲذתʦ𣿡
ЩЩο⺢ֱ̫ˣ㿴ƺΪ޵㣬ҲΪ
ᰣ
һ°ͣҿΪʦһޣΪʦھͻȥһ١
ʧЦ⻰ôôԾء
һޣҪ֪ģΪĸء
ĲáЦʦġġûɾ
ϸ˳һȷû˵ѣŷ
һ޵ƺħ嶯ƵƵȴ鲻ͷѹƢҲ
һĿɨ·ĿȻһʦЩڵˡ
ͷȥȻͼһȺڵ˴һ뿪
ɻǵһʲô
ȥ
á
һǰһһϣͼվ˿ֵĵӡ
ᰣվȺ󣬾Сû뵽κϾĺĽκȻڣô˵κȻǲ̫Ѫ˵㣿
˵ʲôأʲôѪ˲ͬκȻԼκϵҫ˶ꣿֺ˶ˣȲ˵ʦָʦܣɷħٻħ£Ҳ
֪ǰ˵ӵҲ˵κȻ޹ҾǾáЩ£ڣ׵˰ɣ˵κôءκȻǳΨһ˰ɣ

⡭
ѽеܲˣκдףҪôǳأЩǲᶮġ

᰽Щ˵ĻڶУ̲סŤͷһ۴ķǡÿκƽתصıӰ
ݺͣȻվűߣǵĿκƽ
ݺ˵Щʲôͼκƽ˰ֻ֣ò˵ˡ
ᰵĿκƽıӰϣһ̣Ȼκƽࡣ


69 
κȻƽڣȻ, Ҳ˲Сĺ䶯
һʱ, ŵż챻̤, ܶ˶Ҫһ˵
κƽ׿κȻϵУʱж˼ϵְ, ԴڸԵķϢɾͿݺ͸Ȼ, ÿæǽŲմ, ̶̼, ˺ܶࡣ
κȻŵĵ, ȴŶܵǣƽൽæίҲ, һʱڵĵӶʮС
żĵӹ, ǿɫЩ֪ŵĵӣҵ񶼲ˡڼҲţ˵
ǸĹ
곤ġǼӵĵӰοû, ֻʱ, ȹȥͺˡҪõĵط룬ڲûǵ, ˵ǻŵġ
κȻ, Ŷ̧ͷ
ˣȻһ£, ˵𣿾˵ЩħϮׯʱڴﶯֽ, ֻǻȲǾͲѺۼĨˡ
Ŷ£Ϣ̫ͨԺʱµʱû˵
ѽǹٸ¸ħйأϱڡֻʱ򣬴ҶΪħΪԼ̰Ѫ/û롣
԰ǰħǸЩģ˭뵽ǾȻбĿģǵҲʲôûڷϵġ
˵˺Ȼѹ˵ҪǷţ˶ؿƿ𣿡
㿴ңҿ㣬ӶԷп˲ȷƬ̺һСܰɣôء
٣Լܲеģ˿ײеħ嶼ΪʲôУ
㿴κȻ
һ仰ǿ˶˻ȥͷˡ
㡢⻰˵ģͦеŶ
ᰴЩԾܿ쵽ĺͼƽﰲ׵ĺ϶ʮɫӰ
Щݺµĵӡ
⼸ûίУݺæĽŲմأЩ¿Ϳʼǰգųд輼գӽˣöָһ
ȻӦʣȻú̵ܶʱ䣬ȺĿ޵Ⱥ굹ǺԣҲ٣ܿ͵飬ս
Դ˺⣬Ͼָ֮һ
վԶĵطһʦ֣ˣҪСˣ
ѽ
ʮУΧֻȺΧĶ촽һ䣬ľѸӰȺ껹δӦô£ͷ˳ȥ
һʱ䣬ĺߵĲݵϺˡ
Ҳеʦ֣ôء˵ǵء
ѽѽһǻôҡʦ֣ôˡ
鼫õ˸ЦŶҺʱ˵Ҫǣպսħϵʱǻ𣿡
˲ˡ
һۼģվڲԶսĳᰣһͦӵԾ֣ᰣ
Цһ£ȥǡʱƫͷĵϣ·һ⣬õĲʵ
ֱЩȻƿĿ⡣
𣿡ڳ᰾뻹мԶʱ򣬶Ȼʵ
񣬴ʦֻ࣬ĶûôԡǸݺͷȥˡ
ݺʵ̫æˣ׼ʱԷʱɴͲԡĳȰֻȡ
ָݺͷͲˣźԷǲܵģݻƾ䵽˳ϡ
˵ŻһȻǰסᰵĲӡ
ûз˼²վȡȻԶʦֶ֣һԱͽһΣǿ϶Ӯ㡣
Ŷ˫һУϸֳһĨĵЦݣӮңǲС
⼸յദЩһ㶼¶룬§ųᰵͦţٺһЦʦԵƬ̣һ¡
ᰱȼǵӪʦΪС
һСȻ١𣿡
˵ͷЩҲûв̨ŵͷˡ
սԼȶĦȭƣϵٴܡĺԵĲݵϣٴһغ˵꣬ᰡ
еΣ𣿡
ˣˡһҡͷģЪЪ
ʱãĺķϣ΢΢ʪһƻ㣬˾ú
ЩԲˣͺ˵ڵ
ʦĺҿʦ𶼲ǴʦֵĶ֡
ԣ⼸ôೡʦÿζӮսʤ
ֽľŵһԣս޲ʤ
ԡǷƨս޲ʤʦǿ
ԶԶԣҪúøʦѧܶŵ
ĵͷһ°
һֵԴ·߲֪׷Ŷ룬һĨЦ⣬ϲԼʦŵӡ
Ⱥһ𣬻һһҲҲʲôɣȫ뵽˵ġ֪˭˻ͷĵħ˭ʵǿȥˡ
һҪ˵ǿĵ۾۾ħ綷ô꣬ôೡްܼս޲ʤ
ǰǰѷ˻֮ķ˻𣬼ֱ˧ˣ
⻰˵ģƼƵġ
ˣǧ꣬Ūþ͸۾һͬսˡ

뽫ЩĻڶУ̲ס촽۵øβסĽ
һãһս۾ˣЩһֱˡҿħǿģӦλҫɾ
ҫɾէһ֣궼ˣ˭ѽ޺ʱ·ģ
ҫһֱĬĬŲ˵ĶȻڵСС֪ͣĻͦࡣ
ᵽҫɾ겻˼ӣرر˽ڹɾĽȫһ飬һϷġ
ͷˮһ˵ʦ֣ҫɾλ
ҫɾƺ
¶Ȼɫ־ɻ󣺡ɾԭҲţһֱΪ
ҲЩɻ
Цÿ˷˶ţֻƺʱǡħҵʱŶˣһֱûʽķʽ
ƺСԵܽӹĻ˵ԶԶԣ֪˵ɾԼƴǵģ˵ħ壬پзʽ٣ֻǺ۾ˣ¾͵ˡ
ȤζĿ꣺Ŷ㶼֪ʮֺ棬㵽׿ʲô顣
С޵Щ¶ڼҲھ̯Եģϴү˵ǹ޵ɹСĲ˼ģԭΪĴүƭңһٺ٣ʦ֣дĶĶԲԣ
ͷܸȤʣ㶪û
ûû꼤ȻдĶģһȥͰ鹩
ȲŹҿ졣


70 
ֻ棬Ҳûʾ͵˵ͷȻͿʼСǽƺ, ֱҪƺȥˡ
˫շ, ۵׷, ҫɾһͨˣֻ˼ͷˡ꣡ʲôʷ, ûˡ
, ͣ, ͣһº𡣡ܲ, ƺɾ, Ҳôɣɾôǵ۾Ķ֡
ǾͲ֪˰ɡҫɾȻ, С޳, ĲɻΪǶǼõġħ˽磬һյرħռ, žù, ֪˶ˣҫɾ˹ġ
ҫɾһս, ֮˵۾ĸٺ۾, ޵һﶼҫ۾۾Ϊβ˴Ѿ˵ˡ
ֻ˵ɾ, ˵ȵ۾ɣ
ǾǡȻȺ, ۾ԵܸЩ˵Ƕô˵ɾȵ۾
㡭ǡ
꿪ʼǲע⣬ߡ
ᰵʦɾ͵۾ȣ˭Ƚ
붼룬ܿ϶Ĵ𣺡Ȼǵ۾˵ԿԼüôţ
æҡͷûУʦ˵ᰶš
¶Цݡ
ЦˣҲЦҲ֪ԼôˣӰ;öԶϲһ㡣
һûĵӿие֣̿Ϊܰڶߣ㡣
̶̵ʱڣȺѾ۳˽۾µһ
ƺСԵ죬ͷһʦֵܶ䣬̲סЦ
˵۾ôǿΪλأ˵ǰء
ʲôֵģ۾ֲǽղ֮սôΣգôܲˡ
ɵ۾Ҳ˵̫˰ɣ˵ˡһ£СǷŭı飬ѹ˵᲻ͽڱϮ˵۾
ɣû˵°һ˵ţ۾Ȼһ˵ħ᲻ʹ˼ƣ˵ħ˰ɶǡ
Ŀˮɡ꿴ȥˣ۾ɫ/Ѭĵ𣿡
˵Ҳǣǵۺλòһֱ𡣵۾氮ɫȢˡ
˵᲻˸۾¶
Խ˵Խף̲סЦҪҪһµ˵ȥ϶ܺá
Ŷ̵ʱ䣬˼ƣɱҩȫˡ
Ҳ̲סҡҡͷЦǳ۾Ҳ޼᲻ݣǿ˶㡣
ͬģ۾Ҳ㣿ʲô
Ц֪
룡
еĿУӵĹǣƫǡ
ʧˣĿ죬ȥҲ졣Ͼڵ˵۾ǿɼĴڡ
ģ̸ۼ䣬񫣬̸֪۵ЩǼ١
ܿЩ͸ɢȥ
᰿뿪ıӰ̲סʣʦ𣬵۾㣿
ָᰱ㽫˹ȥֻеģֻе۾׽ļ֪Ǻ棬ΪʦԸ˵
Ժһһüô
ᰵȻˣᰶǲʦ鷳ˡ֪ԽǿߣԽ׸֪ˣΪ㼴Ѩ
һ첢ȫܿһֱ˼šǱȥ鷳ˡ
ߣôҲĺ۾㣬ֻԴ²ݰˡ
Ŀǰ֪ϢʦƺɾǺѣҵó۾
Խתķɿ죬ܿȷ˼ѡ˽Ĵţ־Ǽ˺񶼲ʦ
һڶһĥ¡֪ʱͣ˽Ųûзһײȥ
̻һʦǸҲǹײġ
ûŭʣʲô˵Ӧ
һ£ܿûʲôĿ룬ҿ۾±³Լ˼
ǡڴʱԶм߹һ£⼸ݺͷʱǼˡ
뵽ǵ̸üͷ΢΢šת룬ʦ˵Щħħļƻ᲻Ͳ֪飿
û뵽Ļ⾹Ȼôܿ͸ˣΪô룿
ᰵҾǺȻã̫ðˡ
ðաܸȤĵ˵˵
ᰵǧǰħսܣħвʣ϶Ҫ𡣡
ͬĵͷǿ϶ģҪŪô˵ĳӵ˽ʲô
ᰣΪ˸ı˽ǧ꣬ɼСģôԼļƻЩħЩħΪǿô࣬һͲħ徫Ӣһй¶ϢǧıҪգ
˵ȷʵе
ǰڰɾ˵µʱ򣬶һɻġѡˣֶ֪ζжɡ
˵Ŀö񶾵ķЩ͵˽ħ塪ⲢǲܡȻԸҲȫ
Լ˭š
Ĭһᰶ㻹ʲô뷨һ˵ɡ
£᰻һЩ뷨˵͵ħƲԼ/ֻ֪ɱѪЩ͵ħһ˽磬˵ȫĵطǴ󺣡
ͷ󺣹ɲ࣬߾סĴȴܶࡣ͵ħϲǾһ𣬾ͳħ
᰼ȺħĲ֪ħļƻֻձɱˣ˵ں˺ħȺħһУ洦ģҲҪȺħЩ
벻ףΪҪڿ˵ĴﶯֽţǺˣææĨȥĺۼʲôӱѾȥʮˣڴʲôô궼ûз
˵ᰵŨŨɻ૵Ǻ˵ڲ߻ʲôȻҪķʮʱ䡣
Ȼ̧˵ʲô
һ£ظǺ˵ڲ߻ʲôҪķʮġ
ס۾һЦ⣬ԭôڲ뵽
ᰲʦ𣿡
͵סᰵֱ۽קԣһѹסĲӣ˵ȥͷᰶΪʦĸǰ˵꿪Ц
ᰰսڶϣ˽ľ룬ŵϵȻ㡣ֱҲǵͨ졣
ᰵЩʦʦ𣬿֡
뿪˺һɿ֡
ɫͨ˵һԣͷŪҵͼһֻ޳쵽ǰᰶѵͼҡ
ȶδɢָҲЩ˺һŽժ
Ƕ뷭ֽһʦʲô
뽫ŵͼչĿںʱעĵط㻹ǵô¥Ⱥħ𣿡
¥³ӡ̡һαƭ
һ룬᰾ͼˣ¥Ⱥħ˵Ҳ֪ô˽ģ۾һգ͵ˡ
˼Ƭ̣󡣡
ͷ֮⣬ħҪ˽磬뿪µͨɷħϹаʶ˿ɲࡣҵһݣǷ˲ٹ򡣡
Щ⣬ԭΪ˽ħƷҲȷʵǣҲǴġȻ˵ģǿܶԼ񲢲Ǻ
ұţȷͨȶˣľͻʴһٹ룬ʮˣҲû֣ʱδ
Ż٣һ˿Եã
ĵиͷһʦ˼ǣ
֮γɵģħ˳ͨȻ򵥣·Ҫά֡ħǿֻͨ²֧ħ˽硣
۾һˣЩħආ͹ʱ򣬶ɢ˸ֱӱ͵ţȷʵ̫Σˡ
Ȼ뵽ɱħ塣ħǺ˷ѾѪٻģȴɱˡ
Ϊ˲֣֮Ϊħ˷֮ģ
ϾĲ˽֣ٻħǿģֻҪټɢ˽ħ壬ͳ
ϧǣ˺񲢲Ͽħ壬ֽˡпܣڻץˣǺһֲ߻ġ
ָỮϥϵͼֽħҪһȶġԹ˽ͨȺħɱЩڴﶯֽţɣӺһ޴Ĵ󡣡
ͫȻһɣӺôΧгǧĴׯħѵ뽫ЩӶ˲ɣ
񣺡ʦҪҪ֪ͨɾ͡
˵ƺģһ뵽ƺͽǾ仰˻ȥ
뽫ͼ壬СʱӦæҲؼһʱһɫΪʦЩˡ
ЩΣִ޳صãھȥʦ


71 
緹ϢƬ, ٴĺˡ
ƽʱֻж˵徻֮, ΪЩļ
뱾Ǹֵ, ᰸¶˳Լʦ⣬ģȻʲô, ͬžһ, ָоͦõġ
ƺСԵʱ, ûԼ, Ǳ޵Щ¶ˡ
Դ˺ܿ, ˴кԼϰ, 鿿һô
벻, Ϊ״ӵĳ᰾⵽ʮķΧ
ȺҪ⼸ڶԵıϡ
Ӧ, עǱߵĶ
ֻ鿴Ľζ, ʱֳסͷЦǿʮ˼ݡ
ᰵĿҲ
Ⱥ꽥Ĳר, ȫŭˡǲһʼǰСС, ÿ˶ѿұ˳ҲòרӦԡ
, Сʱ󣬳һŲźˮ, ԾһԣһսƣλЪһɺã
ǻЦðֻҪļɡ
ҡͷʲôУǲܵġ
̸ʧܣǾֻܼȥˡ
ٴδ˷ΧһӦԣһڵķһۡ
ͼûڿ飬ĿͶڲ֪ĳüͷ΢š֪˼ʲôϵıЩء
᰻δڶϼֱ飬һ£ֻǲٴȷϣһľʹϡ
еСˣһʹ㡣
æרӦԡʦԱߣΪ״ˣʮֶˣ
һ̣Ӳǿ̫ɽ˽ƣҲûֳʤֻԼս
ᰶںϴʱһ˵ʦֺ˯ˣҪҪ
ᰶһ٣һʱʦǲ˯ģ룬ӦǷʲô£ʱ뿪ˡ
á󣬳Ȼȥɣȥʦͺá
ǶѽƣߣȥϢһ⻰Ҳ͵˵ͷǼǵʦ˵һŶ
Цİɣһġ
½½뿪ˣ᰻£Ȼͼ뿿ͷ΢΢ţ˫΢գ˯ˡ
Ǳ޵Щ¶ֱߡ̯ơ
ᰶĿⲻһɨͿϵݡ
սڼ۾ɫԽˣҸ۾ҩǡҫɾ
ɾÿҲᣬһͬ۾ҩҵ۾ҶЩۡ
ҫɾպһǸʮ֪˵ĺ£֪λأĽŶ
ᰣ
룬Ȿһǳһλֻ֣֮ǲ֪ǹĹ޵ˣֻ˽һСá
Ͼ꿴ľ飬д֮ˣԶǺܴģЩŪöǶ׫ġ
Ҳ˵̫ԣٿʦյķӦӦһġ
£Խڶ
ֻһҳдڱϳȥˣ۾أûȻɾǶ켱ˣҲʮֱ꣬ҫɾǲ㽫ҽɱˡÿģҴûҫɾǸӡ۾㣬ѹɡ

ţ˵һ飬˵ÿյ¼¼СȻЩ֣Īĺˡ
ⷭҳɫԽԽϵˡ
ڣһҲûĺߵ¶Ƚһ紵̲סü
ûҪӣ㽫ַŵһԣȻСظڶϡ
ôһˣһ£ʦûߣ
ţŨص˯⣬ЩɻصȥĶ
ϸɫ̬죬ŷ˵ʱǿˡ
Цط䡣ʦҹ󣬱ˡȻ֪ǲġ
Ӧһʱһ۵ϵ飬ԳᰵţΪʦûꡣ
һڵʦⱾÿ𣿡
벻֪뵽ʲôЦһÿرء˼
֪ǲǳᰵĴܾö˵⻰ʱһıֿʲô
뽫ᰣȥɡ
**
Ϊ֤ʵǱر˼죬һֱ顣ֻżһʱ䣬ָڵǡ
ĺԵСɢ󣬳£ʦ˯ˡ
ܾö⼸ر˯СؽеסҪ鿴һ¡
ɶõ壬䲻֪ʲô취˿һӴ֪ˣûû¶ȶûС
Ŷһʲôû̽еʧ䡣
׼˽ѣһĿں󱳣Ǹо̲סü
תͼԶվһźµӣƺ
Щ죬ôˣ
ƺܿߵǰɾ
ƺ䵭һĿ˫΢յĶϣô£
ᰵʦ˯ˣ׼
ƺü֪ˣȻȥɣҽ
ЩɣƺɨһۣôһẦ
ȻǡᰵƽʱһƺĪĵ⻹ò̲ס룬ѵ˵ʦ𡭡
˽Ƭֻ̣ƺһʱƺôˣнչˡ
᰸ƺͬʱŤͷȥͼ˸̵վ᰷ԭڵϵ鲻ˡ
ƺϵɫ㡣˶٣˽¡
Զһ٣ƺƬ̣ŤͷԳᰵᰶȻȥɣҸɾ¡
ǡκˬ죬תʱĵ׻ǲɱӿһʧ
߳ʮᰶҪԼ˿棬ߦ֣⻹Ҫ
ӦһźһЩ
**
ᰵӰĺʧƺŵһȥ
ֵĿȥʲô
ƺ⼸ǲǲ
ϣûаĺܡ
ƺЩͷ۵üģ˯񲻼Уȣ⻹н
۵׼һ⣬ЦŶʲôʱ֪ģ
˵⻰ʱЦϸĿĻᷢ۵ײЦ⣬ֻһĮɱ
ƺûв׽Ĩϴ֪ģҼ⼸߶㣬һ£Ÿҡǰôһֱû˵
仰Ĺ򣬶ָֻƽʱӣ˵ʲô£ҲӰʰģûҪ˶֪
ƺҲ㲻Լ嵱һ¡˵ȥץ룬һȥ
һܿˡ


72 
ƺü룡ڲʹӵʱ˻ͬĳʱ˽ô죿ϱˡ
Цƶ, ˡ
ƺ͵һ, Ŀڶ, ʵʲô˼ѵ֣
ͬҲڿƺǹһĨЦ֪ǸҴһ
ƺε۾ˡ
˭֣ü, עԴ, ɸ˵
ƺ
һ, , ˵, ۾ˣ͸һ, ½Ҹϴ
һЦǵõӮ˵
**
ڲ񷿺, ͸еȻ˿磬ɫˣһƬѪ, ǻա
ܶ˶ܳȥ, Ҳ˳ȥ
ֻԶʷƷ紵۾, һλﶥſŵ⡢ôˣòħ˰ɣ
һ, ˶ˣᰵǱ, ûоħӦֻ仯
ȿڵλ, ҿǼףôŲʲô
ޡԵæס죬ֻɱ˵
λҲӦæڰ֣ͯ޼ͯ޼ɣүҷ˵ģģ档
Цҡҡͷתطæȥˡ
Ҳȷʵ˵ûþͰֹһˡ
һۣʦɾأ
ʯǰһȥˣҵأ
**
ƺˣڶ죬ɾˡ
᰺ƣôˣ
źǷϥϵ飬ض߽ıɾʲôˣ
û
һ۾ûǰƣִ𣿡
ɾЦʲôûǺ°˵Ǹɾġ㣬ʲôչ
ڷķһۣûֿɵĺۼ
ɾڶ˵˷֡ĵ治˽磿
ǲʱܡ
ѽɾЦ˵˵ôֵģ
ţִ˵ܶ
ɾˣ׼˵㲻һ⣬쵽ģֱ˵
ֱ˵ҿɲҡɾ첻ǱˣǶǲ̫˵㣿
벻ϣֻд衣
ɾƭأһ˻Ҵ㣿϶㵥ʩ
뽫һϣ۾ԣҲִģ
жֵļƣɾæ˵ҲΪð㿴вУȥˣСᰶҰչˣ
¿ȥҲȫΪģзִ硣
ɾ˸ۣ˵иƨķִ硣
֪ȰˣҲٷϻգҲҶġ
ɾеƧĵطһ۱۾Ķ룬ߵΪβ㣿
**
ϰȥʱ;סˡ
źȻǰıɾЩãȻصɾѾ𣿡
ɾصس֣ΪԵˡСᰶл˵
**
һƧڣü˵ʲôʦоɼʲôʱܵˣ
ɾ˸Сͽ磬Χ棬𼱣ˣ̥ëʵҲʲô£ÿǧ˰ģһʱȽ
üΣ
βˡɾƮǡѽ
Ȼ˼ᰣææ֮ǵðҩˣҪǲȣͱȣҩһóԡס˰˵ţҴҵˣ³ټȥƵġ
ҩüͷ⼸ҲԼһЩҲˣֻ˵ǳеķ ¡
죬緹Сʱ󣬳ʳÿķš
ɻǸճԹᰶԺˣ
û˵ʳУĶ˳ŵǰ
ɬҩ˱Ƕһȷʣǣ
ҩޱɾġ
룺֪ǻ쵰׷϶è塣
֯һԣ׼˵ʱһ̧ͷͼۿͨĿ
һӾͿ˿ǡ
ᰶŶ룬ҧʦΪʲôᰶɾ˵ǲ׼һֱҡ
ҡ
᰸˵Ļ᣺ʦǲһֱᰶСӣʦѾˣܲܡ΢ң
ܹһֱ֪ʦʵݣܵǣ԰ȥκΣգȴǰ¶˿̬֮
Լܣã֮ľ룬һӶ׷ϵġ
ΪʲôʱʦԶֻһӡ
ɺӣǲΪ˵ֵ˪ѩġ
Լһͽܣϳ᰷۾ƺɾʱֱҲ׳ˣӣΪʦûв㣬ǾС¡
ⲻС¡ᰵʦκ£С¡
úúá볹װᰶˣҩΪʦ˾ǡ˵ҩ룬һȫȥ
˰ɣ뽫յչʾ᰿ĵͷû˵ʲôֻĨ˰۾ʰþ뿪ˡ
᰹ϷȻ뵽ʲôƿţʦúڷϢͲȥĺ
ȻΪڣվڻǰһɫˮ򵯵
ᰣ
룺


73 
˽ôãǵһμСͽôĶ, öú档
ǰ, ﶼܸ, Σ˲ˡ
ÿȻ͸Ƶ, ˾, ȶ, Żʰꡣ
Ȼ, ҩҲһ׼ʱ׼, ȲȾһˡ
ڣǰϷһҩ, ȴٳٲԱߵĳҲûж
˾ڱ˭Ƶ, ֪˶ãǰҩˣҸʦ¼һ롣
֨ѽһ, ſֹ, ̾ͽܻǸĵͽܣɲЦ, һԷ
е㲻ˬ, Եɾٴʱ򣬱׷Ŵ˼ʮء
ɾŭ۾, ԼģСᰶô, Ϊ𣿡
ֱ׳ȻΪ㣬˵Щ𣿡
ɾŭˣ͵͵ҩģԼ͵͵ץ˸ţܹңǰڹû˸ҹ㣬㿴Сᰶ֪ж˰ɣ
ᵽᰣתת飬ھսɾ˹ָɾ䱸
Ци㡣
鶢˰β߹ȥ
˵˼ʲôɾԳֻɫĵҲн졣
ڶεĿУɾڵ¼򵥣ȳϴ󣬵ǸȻ
벻õñǸ
ɾ±㲻ԡ
𣿡
ɾ֪̾¶һĪı顣
ָ֪㡣
ɾһΪʦȴֱôСᰶʣ
Ƴһۣ˵Ų¡
ֻ˼䣬ĵϡ
ɾҸһֱڰе飬ȷ޻ŵǼû⡣
Ϣ벢ûбֵĶˣֻ˵һ䣺ͦá
ɾԸо²ߣüȻ
ܲƵ˵ǰȴһů⡣
ɾȷȶɿ֣ﵣĵĲУȴƫҪǣΪǿǿϰʱҩڶĵһսУҲ˵ôء
Ȼȥһǧ꣬ʱ£ɾһջָŶıӵ֪֪ͻȻȥҺͰҡ
ȻԤ׵ЦɾĪЦʲô
ڰ֣شֻһֳŶЦš
ɾյ㻹˼ЦҸƴȫھһֻ񡭡ԣھһŵˣ֪𣡲֪Ҫƿǵĵ㡪
ЦᶼҪˣɾЦЦЦЦƨʲôЦģ
ûʲôЦġ˵Ц̲ס
̫Цˡ˵
ɾʵڲ֪ЦʲôվԭأЦ˲ŵȷ˸ģҪɣӺµͨ
һ˿ʯͷ£ʱ򣬵ͦλߵƵġ
ɾο٣벻׵һ㡣
ûޱˬظ˴𰸣Ѫħ˵𣿡
е졣ɾһʱû
ŪĶĶƵһ֣ʳѪȡƽʱڻľϣʵʺΣÿĺܡ
ɾȻ۾һˡǰŸħ彻֣ûٳѪħӵĿͷ
ѪħӲ֪Ĵǹ޵ɾӦʮСĽȥ˱ءΣķսʱһһȥѰҡ
һСľͻб
ѪħӿκεطʳѪҺݷʮ꣬ܵ˵ٻŻ
Ѫħ̺˼Ϊǿ겻֪˶ŵ棬ǶһѻǶĵĶˡ
ǧѪħӻһǿĿԳħͨ˽ͨ
ɾҼǵãѪħħҶеĶֻħѪ׵ѪҺѪħӲܡ
͵Ǻ˲ı˰ɣ
ɾԽԽпܣϾ˽硢пɵ˶ųˣټѪħӣǡ
ȴҡͷǣĵСɲὫԼΣյľС
ɾһҲǣΪħ֮֮⣬˽磬񲻳֮
ƻģϲԵ¡
ǡɾô˵Ļ˾ĵѪˣΪ˵ħ֮λֵܽöɱˣʣµ񲻾ǡ
ȻһŵİԼĺ˽磡
öݵĳ
ɾ侲һȻײ˶һ£ô뵽Ѫħӵģ
ʵͦζģħ˽磬ڵ۹ǧ꣬½ãһĪչʱ򣬶뵹Ǵδθָ·
¶һĪЦ⣬һ顣
ɾ˸ۣ֪ǲ˵ŪԼأ㳰飿ֵ𣿡
벻Ϊ⣬˵ɣӺׯڶ࣬ɣӺ⹤޴󣬲һһϦɵģѪħҲǰġ
ǽħ˴ӣ˶Ŀؾǿǵһ㡣⼸ħһֱûжʵڿɡҵµĴܻè壬㡭
ɾͷģһúһǸǼܽǸϳȥһΣܽǸϳȥڶΡ
ϳȥһ䣬¶һĨЦ
һΣҪ޻أǱ˽ͽҲҪһ˸ɾ
ٷκη


74 
˻ɾ, ҪκȻκȻǵ, ܲ, ҲǸ豨ˡʱǵðϢСᰶҲ˸ˡ
ʣ̲סšü˭⣿
ڳô, ෸ͽ, صҲ뼸λĳߵ, еδй
һССκȻ, ˷, Ūôĳ棿
ɾ¶ȻɫЦЦ, κȻ±Ƚ, ˶Ҫһ־򰢺ʾ¡ʱǡҲڣҸ, ǽҪͷ, ɱһӰ٣ҲЩԲ֮ˡ
⻰ȷʵûʲô, ͷ, Ͱ˵İɡ
ɾӦһһ¼, Щĵ˵Ǻֵͦģı¶Լݲɷħ, ˵ôѡκȻǸСˣ
ĻдŨŨκȻ˵׾Ǹݰȶûͣ˵׿ʲôˣѵǡں¥ѡ
ɾ˵⻰ȫĵģ˺ȴ¶˼ɫ
ǰôˣΪξѡκȻֻɺ
ԼһЩʲôأ
ţԵıɾ̾κȻΨһõóֵģҲǸϾ˾ˡ˵κƽƷСΪܿܳΪһŵš
κƽš
һ£۵ױ˵⡣
ɾûע⵽˵ڵ߶Ҳ֪κȻж
һ۵׵ܿʧˣֻһƬЦ⣬һֻĽƻèɵ˵ǿĴ
ɾ̲סЦһ£в˵˽ƵƵħӰıʲô¡
ӦһʾԼ֪ ʣвǺˣ
ɾͽܡ£ЩĲ֮һ
Ҳ֪ڽʲô
һЦŶǸСӡ
ɾȻ뵽ʲô֣СᰶļҸˣǼӣǲҲҪʾһ£
뿴쵽ǰİ׾ƣ̵ûǣʲô񣿡
٣ⲻˣ𣡡ɾ뵽Ԩһۣ뵽ǼӣųᣬҪ׬ر˵У룡
Ŷ룬ӦҪǿƵġ
תת飬ȻЦ̬˵´μʱ
ɾϲ̵شָ֣ܲ
붼롣վȴûߡ
Զʣ˼ʲôƬ̺:ϴһ»Ҫ㡣
ţɾ̧۾
ʲô۾ĸ˵˵°ˣ
װûɾ˵պ󡭡æǵðտһᰶһ֮ǰȷİȫ
ɾö뷽ͣٵһ¹ֵֹģһʱ벻ֻ֣˵պˣҪع񣬱ͷЦͷһٸİɣһСᰶԼͽһ۵ģţҿ϶ǣǳһ¡
ЦƳɾںڵͷ΢Ʈ̲סԴϺһѡ
ɾһѻӿ֣۾ͷŲҶצ
벻мĺߵΪϡ㣿ָ⣬ɾͷĴиСͽܵһ㶼һ
ֻڳ᰻Ѿü첻ˡ
̲סΪôճ˶þͺˣû뵽Ȼô졣
СҪôء
**
죬Ϊ֤ɾĻƵģɢ˶յŵӶ
˷׷ײ²⣬ǲħҪˡĿֻÿĵӡ
ڵȴ⡣
ϵСһ£򶨾һ룬ס˷ÿһС궯ǵġ
ÿŷϵС̬һ޶СǽҲ
ʵԶֳǰ򶨣ÿնĲС
Ϊᰵ֮գûõ⡣ȻԭԲϺúúҩ
벢ҩʲôԣҩֳֿʵڳŲȥǲġ
ϧɣ˵˱˵ģ˵˳ᰡ
ʱƣЩħĶԽԽ󣬶ӣòôȥˡʵ벻᰸˵İ취
ڶʱ򣬳ÿķš
ǰĿųתתȥ
᰺ûע⵽Ŀ⣬ʳеĶ˳ҩλһµС̳ӡ
뱻ǸС̳Ŀ⣬ƿӣֻһ˱ǡ
С̳װŵ÷ӡ
ȻζĶȤҲó˵ֱһŷŽУζڿл̲סһ۾Ҳ¶һЦݣǰԵζһ壬¿ĵꣿ
ŶϵЦݣᰵɫҲġ
һᰵʦҩ࣬ҩԳԼ÷ӽζ
ϳ᰼ڴֽŵĿ⣬ȻãʵһֳֿҩҲûʲô͵ǺСͽܿˡ
˵󣬼벻۵ײһĨʧ֮ɫֻûи뿪ĵ˵ʦǾ÷Ӳ岻ζ
ûУͦõġǣϳᰵĻᰶˡ˵ҩ룬ʮˬһ
ˡ뽫յҩչʾ᰿ӣҪҪһ¡
лҪ˵

¿ҩ룬:ҪҪһ£
Ц:ð˵ŽǰסǵɫĴ


75 
᰿Цã¶֣ᰶȻʦġ˵Žװ÷ӵС̳
뿴Ĳϲҩ, һ˺ü÷, üͷչһЩ
÷, һһģѵмֹɡ
̲סЦͷʰҩ, ۽ǰ, ûü̧ͷ, ͸еһ˫ͷϡ
Ϊ˲⼸ĿȱƵ, ˫, ͷˡ
ջ֣ΪʦͲȥĺ, ָȺСӰɰɡ
һʦúϢ, ˡ
ȵȡסߵűߵĳᰣͲˣȥԡ
Щ, ʮָˡ⼸һԷ, ʵܲܡ
áЦʦ𡣡
ſֱϣ, ֳ˼÷, ӿ˯¡
òε, ҩ£ѵһΡ
, ֻصǧǰʬɽѪս
ǵãĵһս
߲ʱ˵£ս꣬Щµ˵ʮϤ
лһȹơȹѣѪˮУϢ
ĵ׺Ȼӿ˵İ
ڴʱֻһȴ
Ȼתͼз񵶷ֱĿڶ
ɱ棬ȴȻһϣڴʱгǰ
͵۾ڴϺһ̧ס۾
һսɬС
ô꣬һֱΪ̫֧£ȴ롭
촽¶һĨġŪЦ⡣
һͼɫ졣һ˯ôá
Լ˱裬һ̲סü
Ǳ裬ɫ뵡ȥˮ룬ùϵС̳ӣȡ÷ӶˮС
ҡƬ̣볢һڣ۵ζ̲ס۾һ
ǡڴʱűˣᰵ𣺡ʦ𣿡
Цˡ
**
ϼͣ᰸ڶɽ˺ܿһǡҹиոտʼ
ֳ֣Ťͷʳᰣʲô
ԣʦͺáᰵ˵
ͷĿһɨָԶһݻľ¥˵Ǿ͵ȥ԰ɡ
Ȼû飬˾¥һʳģȴһ档
ϰԵ뽫˸룬ֹˡ
ġЦųһ˫Ӹ԰ɡ
ſ治⣬ϲ˵СЦԭСɾСףСɾ綫ٱɽˡ
Цһ˵úã͡˵ŸСһӡ
лɾ͡СŽӣϲص뿪ˡ
ᰳٳٲôˣ԰һǹгɣٲԳ͸ˡ
ʹգһ۾ʦô
Ỻһ˿Ц⣺ΪʦȻǰЩɽʱһ˼Ҹ磬ϸЩ껹ûü𣬾͸㲹һ
ᰵϸ΢ĲʦҪᰶ
ǰһ˽粻ЩΪʦ֪ĳ£ҿղײգվͺܺá
ֵһ³ǰ룺԰ɡ
šصͷءһһؽ˸ɾһûʣ¡
ȵᰳ¿ӣ¿ڣҪʲô
ҡͷġ
ЦûϵҪʲô㾡˵ΪʦΪѰ
᰿Ŷ۾˵ᰶ˵һֱʦߣõ
⻰ЩƿĿ⡣Ϳһһʱ֪˵Щʲô
ǡڴʱС˲ᰵעתƣ˿
˺ܿˣС̳
ᰵûҪơ
СЦǱ͵ģλãСȸˡ
ᰵлǲ
סûϵСһǿԵġ
ڶġСһǲŵġ
С뿪ȰʦڻڳҩƽվͲ˰ɣ
û¡ЦȡƱǸӣǷѰ˼ңͶȢˡΪʦ
ôãҲľܾƱһ£Ѱ֤Ƶ˵ʦ˵ˣͺ
áӦˬ죬ȴ
ٴζƱĶ룬̾˿ٸ϶ġ
Ϊ˲öȶ̳࣬Ʋ඼˳ᰵĶӡ
˵⻹ǳᰵڶκȾƣľ˵ʮֲӲǳŽ̳ƶȹˣ˿Ƶģžߴһſ˯˹ȥ
ſյľ̳̲סһСƹȻΪʦһ㣬ˡ


76 
᰺ȶ˷˯˹ȥζôû˼
ˡȤ, ¾̳, Сˡ
, ɾСſһĳᰣԶСɾ岻ʣҪҪС׼λɾϢһ
ء븶Ǯǰᰱ, ɨһ۳᰽յ˫, ЦСƹ̰, ȥС
СæͷǾͺ, Ǿͺáɾ, ӭ´
Ӧһų뿪ˡǰ̤¥, ͸еȻ˿, Χ¶Ҳ½ࡣ
̧ͷͼԶʷźصĺƣǺһһ, Բɸɾ
ϵİղ, ΪͻȻˣǹϵ, Ŷ¿ʼҸ, ̯Ҳʼʰ
볤ϴæ˲ͬվ, ˱ͦľһĳ/ǹ罫°ڴ졣
ħжıԤϵҪ졣
ü, Ƶ´Ȳ
ţе嶯һ¡
ͷͼǾˣѰܷƵ
̲סЦһ£ָ΢֧һСͽ磬档
°ȵ˯˹ȥ
벻ʷĺƣҲ΢΢һգۼͻص塣
̧ͷһһ죬ͼϵƻͨȻݺͣȻҲע⵽󣬴ʱӦʲô
ֿһ۰ڷ壬˵Ҫŵĸλˣպٲǰɡ
һôţһ߿˳ᰵķš
뷿䣬ڵҲƵģԶ
뽫˷ŵϣӸ᰸ϡһУת뿪ֻû߼ͣ
վüͷ΢΢šţҲ֪˼Щʲô
Ƭ̺¶ĳ־ģ̧֧һСͽ磬ȻߵһԵǰţͼһɫ޳Ӱѳ
û˿ƣķһ
ֻӻһ壬Ťͷ򴲵ķ
òȫͬĳȻЦ˵ĸоЩ׵ģľйԡ
ǵģһֳԽԱײҽӽֻԶԶš
һϮƻ𣬺ڷ٣һ˫΢΢ЦһдŵѵЦ⡣
ķ绪
Ƕ롪۾ıò
ߵǰͷų˯ĳƬ̣Ȼֱ̧۰˼ͷ
Ƭ̺ͼһ貽ŵĶڳ˳
Ƕ󣬶ɫۿɼٶȱףԭĴɫЩ
ַڳĿڣƽ⳹ڽ˳ں󣬲һͷƵģ˿
΢΢ڴͷ۾ЪϢƬ̺ϵ˵૵ˮˮ
۾ͼ˯΢΢šüе૵ˮ
벻ʧЦôƣҲѹֻÿʡ
ڳͷһ£ǰˮ
ڵİܼ򵥣ϳ˲ˮ⣬һ໨ɵ̳ӣ̳ͦġ
ƿӿһۣͼŵĶƺõ÷ӣ۵ζ˱Ƕ
תĿ⣬һıӣ⡣
Ƭ̺ˮصǰ
ᰰΰѼ䣬ֻлգܵ
֪Ǻã;ͷһɴζˮӿ䡣
ι᰺С뱭ˮͼŨܵ۽һ£˫ʯһӾˡ
СͽܵĿ⣬벢ûж㣬ɫȻĵˣ
ǰġİˡᰲûоú£һֱŶ
һתﲻ֪ʲô⣬һ˿Ц⣬СɾΪ˿ңĪϵ£
촽ϼΣ³ʦָ֣˶գЩԵ૵εˡ
΢΢һбһ۳ᰵԼϵ֣ûлӿǺܸȤĵŶ˭˵ʦʦѾҳԽˡ
˵װģһ촽׺ݵӣҪ㡣Сɾ²£
֮㶺ŪΪ֪᰾ϲ
½磬֮Խ壬ǲ뱻ϳѹǧ꣬Ҳй޵ɾ˽𲻱Ҫ鷳ҲĸЩ
ƶᰲ֪ݣҲûӣһҲġȴ룬ҡҡͷԹִĽʦ𡣡
óᰵͷԱòƶǰʦ
Ҳ˵ʲôԭ򣬾Ǿʦ͸⸱ģ
⡢ǿ󡢺ÿ
ûɱúܺã̲סǣǲϳϣԼСͽܣ˭ҵСɵӣԼʦ𶼲ϵáͲʦ֪ˣѹ
᰸ûע˵ʲô۾һգգĿŽߵգЦݺϤģҲġ
û뵽ھ¥ʱر룬
ʱ֪˶ſԼûʧ̬ξУͲˡ
̲סˣ˳Ʒſ֣ˣᰵ
ţЩĿȥͼᰵǰŴˣֻһȡ
˺һŷӦСͽ
öЩ㵣ӦʱѾ˵˴ϡ
޷ʣµİ뱭ˮȫ˳
̲סһû̧ᰵͷЩε˵ƷΪʦԺҲȾˡ
ŶһᰵɫøͷٴסԲ԰׵Ĵ
뷽ѵˮȫͬȼ׺ݣ·ԣߵ˶ء
᰼еҪйǻİ⣬л˿ҧȡ
·ֲ֪صǸ˵ĸоãΪ÷ݵˮǴ۵ζǳ嵭һЩʡ
뽫ͻȻƷСͽƿΪһЩᰣʱֽʹ
֪˶ãڽǣЩδ´Ŷ룬Щˡ
ôЩۣһ촽ĸоĳ/ۣųᰣõͽ㱻ʦˡ
һ۷ǵ׺ݣżˮԵƯˡ
һҲ£̲סһ촽ͷȥǶ۾ǹֱͦıĿ˫״õĴϡ
ᰵߣͷܿˣᰵǾ°ϡ
ڻһЩһȹȥΪȶˣΪʦͻһֱ㣬ִ
ᰲδס֣ҧָ⣬˳޳ָڣһǵ
ʦ𡣡˯УᰲŸ޼ɵ¶Ŷ۾ȴֺ˵ᰶ㡣


77 
ɾҴҸϵʱ򣬾ͼ±һ, Ƕ˭
ɾЩĵ۾ô
뵭Ŀ˱ɾһ, ֵͷȥ, һһģڳʲô
ɾҲ䵭̬ȣ°, ڶתһȦ, ͷ, ӿ˳ۡ
ʱû˼, ɾҲ, ע⵽뻳бһ໨ɵ̳ӣɺʲô
ҧſе÷, ƵصĶ
ţɾʲô̲ס˶һ, ɵôˣ
׽Ķһ٣Щ͵촽ŤͷĿűɾ
ɾֻ󱳵ĺë˲, 䱸ʲôҿû㡣
Ŀڶ뻳е̳, 뵽˵ϲ¶Ȼɫ, ϳŶ~ûСᰶð
ѹô㡣
뷭˸, Ϊ˶סɾ죬ץһ÷ȥ
ɾһŶ, Ƭ̺޵ζͦģ
ߵ𡣡
۾, ҾʮбҪһ¡ɾֱ壬صЩ껨ĿɶҵǮҿɶǼ˵ģ
벻⣺ƺҪǡ
УҰԻɾвҪǲҾȥСᰶһӣǵǮɲġʱҾͰץȥҴ򹤣שͷŲţǿǺܿ࡭
뱻һһ᰷ܲˣһ٣
һ˰ʮǧİһʮ
룬˵ͷˣոһһǧ
ɾˣ룬۾ˬ죬Ǿһǧ׼ʲôʱǮ
ûش⣬Ǵ̳ϸ÷ӣݸɾԡ
ɾԣ÷ζܺãҲͳˡ̲ס˶һ£۾û˵أʲôʱǮ
˿÷ӽ˵Ѿˣ
ʲôʱ򻹵ģɾΪԼʧˣֻҼ÷ӡ
ǰҧ÷ӣЩ˵ȳ߿ţҷָšһʮ÷ӣһǧá
ɾûǺŶ룺һ÷һôȥ
뿴űɾ̵֣Ŷ³
ɾ
ٺ̲סģ ҡУҪһҪѱ䡣ھȥҺˣҪַ㡣
˱ɾһ٣ںһ㣬촽Цѽˡ
ɾ
ɾƣɫȻĶ룬øˡ
ػһ£Ŀһתע⵽˶뻳е̳ӣͿһ⣺Сᰶ
졣ᰣЦݵһգת˻ħǱô£
ɾһ˵СᰶĿǡ
Щ⣬Ҳǲصˣ̸£ЩħȻɣӺˣӴħģᣬ϶û¡ǰһСǰȥ飬ֻһ˻ˡ
̧Σ
ɾ¶̵ɫɫΪ֣񿴵˼Ϊµ飬˵أûȻ
һ£Ҹ£Ĺȥ̽һпҪķһЩʱ䣬صظ˵һõʱҲ˵ġڴ˰ĵġ
ãҸͬȥ
Уɾɫ̱ڵ
һȺආѡ벻ô⣬˵ǻƺ𣿲µġ
ɾǲģʱ̣Ϻúúҩ
뵭ˡ
ţȡˣɾεĿ㶼ҩˣСᰶڸ
Ǳ˵ƭء
ŲšЩ͵תĿ⡣
ĵķǱ
ɾۺɵĿŶ뻳໨̳ӣô£ղŲ˵
ûʲô뽫̳㲻ߣԼȥ
ħ嶯ôҲҲ
˵߾ߣɾæ׷ȥȵҡ
˲ǰУɾץŷŵⲻţҩˣΪʲôҩСᰶСᰶŲôһƭң
ѡļһԶһ㡣
徻ˣԺȴȻ˵ᰶ㡱Ļ档
̲סԿлһķһΪʦͨ鰮һС֪ʲôΪʦ׽˵ĳӣٻúøˣ
**
۾ʱѾ
͵ˣôˣҪϲʦ緹ˡæЬӣȴһӰǰ
ʦ𣿡ʹѵĶͷǰô˯
ǰһЩεһ£ʦ𣿡
һǰûжʶʦܲڡ
Сĵı裬ŵϣӣȴʪ󡪡ӾȻʪһ顣
Щɻɨһ۴̣߷һˮûˮȴ÷ӡ
һʱЩĪֽӷŵߵİϣֻǲֱһЩĻȿֺӿԺ
һݾɫĺιˮЦˣ
˵˭ʦʦѾҳˡ
ӻ˵˭ҵСɵӣԼʦ𶼲ϵá
ԼˣԼҵǾŲȴޱģʦᰶ㡣
ͫ͵һתͷЩŵĿŰϵˮ
һУΡ
뵽Щ£˵Щᰵɫ৵һ±òҰף˶׹ѡ
룬ʦ֪ˣ
ȻûʵòǺʱһȷǸӾʦ
ЩӲתͷڴϢˡ
ڣʦ뿪ˣ
᲻Ҳˣ
뷨һðĵ׾һ޷ƵĻ֣̿ͬʱҲʮְգȶ˾ûпסԼ
ֽŷԭվһȥһɾıӸϡ
һкĿڴߣֱķţᰲŻع
ֽŹȥţһ򿪣ͼΧ˹
᰿һɫЩǸĵ˼ҸʦͲȥĺˣǡ
ᰣ˵𣿡һǰסᰵ֣˵˵ҪκȻ
˾񣬡ģ
šļһͷ죬нǳͷѴʦֺôң⵽Ӧˡʱϴʦ֣һȥ
ʦֲ֣ɱ뵽룬ɫǵͷǿЦһ£á
ָһطϢ
һסᰣǰЩ仨˵ѧô÷ءٺ٣û볢һء
˶֪ᰵǼõģƽﶼܳһĶ
һǵһ¡طһȦûҵװ÷ӵ̳ӡ
ֻһԭֲ̿飬Ȼͷ
ķƽǲ˽ģҲֻȡһ̳÷ӣôˣֻʦ
˿룺ʦԸĶǲ˵ûô
лҪ˵
Núʦͽ
ᰣʦҪᰶˣðᰶҲЩʦ˵һ˵
룺֣ȻЩô£


78 
÷ûˣֻ˸, ſڵˡ
ʱ, Ҳûȥ, ڴǰȶ
ϧһֱȵҹ, ϵ˶ûж
ơ
ű, ̧ͷ˭
ᰶ, ҡ˵仨
, ͼһ긾һʳվ⡣
˿ųԲ԰ƣ, ޵ǵ˵һ춼ûСǲ𣿡
һů, û, ֻǽЩ·ԡ
Щ˼ĵ㵣ˡ
, û¾ͺá㻹û, ҸһЩ˵ʳн˳ᰵķ䣬ִһˡ
᰽͵ʦЩ, ҷ˯ˡ
ĵͷ, ѹҶһȺ, ϶ۡ
ݳԵϣʳһ, ᰶȳԣʦˣѷһ¾Сȥݳͷˡ
ݺͣᰲʶһججģʦ
æȥϢɣȥʦͷС
ǿٺòˡЦݳ㣬ȥķûôԡҷŻ˵ˣݳϸûʳһһҪѷꡣ
ڣ
ӦΪκȻ£ͷãİɡ
뿪󣬳ӵķ㣬ӲĽԼѾһûԶˡ
ᰴҴҰ˼ڷòôˣʳ׼š
ߵſڵʱ̲סͷһ۴ķ򣬼ϵһɫЩ
**
⼸գݺ͸Ȼһֱһ촦񣬳ʳֱһ졣
ʱڵѾ뿪ˣݺͳ극ʳ߳ʱɫѾˡ
̧ͷһգֽҹûҲûǣֻкصĺƸʣѹͷơ
Ӱ죬ᰵҲűĵЩܾûʲôõ·
ڣ̧üģοԼģʦûˣȻͻˡ
һ˵˼飬ڲôˣ
һƣ￴ȥܿԶԶĵطҵƻ
ΪԭЩ⿴΢өȴһƬ͸ܰ
̲סߵһϣŵ㳱ӭ洵ģ˲١
ϺܰȫûŻȥʳУһת
֪˶ãеһƧ֮
ֻǰľһƬ׼ԭ·ۻȥһϤ
Ȼ׸ĸ˫¿࣬㽫š
᰾һݣǡκƽ
ֻǣô
ţԭ׼뿪ĽŲͣסˣпȥϡܿվӰ
ᰵ۾ҹҲע⵽κƽߵǸ˵·ϴڵӡǡ
ֻκƽЩڹ̣ܽȻ˴һжҵĴ֣ڶұܶϣ飬Ȼһ
֣
˼һˣһ£ĵλ֣ƽκƽϵĺá
κƽĻ˵κƽƽ͵ľĸӲ˽û뵽վ˵ⷬʵ̫ʧˣ
κƽͷĬƬ̣Ȼǰ
¾Ǹʲô
κƽһٶ¾ˣվԶĳҲһ
ڳκƽһֱϡ߸ϵģû뵽ΪԼ˵ز
κƽô
ҧκƽ㵽Ҫʲô
κƽ֣ʹκȻôĴ£վҵҲܷҲҪ˽Ը
ʧʲô
κƽɫƽؿ£ԸκȻһκȻǿԷΪ󲻶ֻ࣬ϣܻȥ
κƽ˵꣬ȥ
ԱһãܿκƽĹݡҲŵĶȥһݰ˵꣬Ҳκƽش𣬾뿪ˡ
뿪κƽ˺񱻳һ㣬ԭֱͦļһһȥ
֪˶ãκƽŴӵһ²վ塣
صκƽ뿪ˣûע⵽һԵĳᰡ
κƽȥıӰĵЩζ
κȻӦãκƽ򲻸衣
ͬһʱ䣬ڹѺļڡ
κȻڳʪĲݵϣɫ԰ף˺ۣ촽ѳѪ黹תΪѾˡ
ʱѾˣھĵģܶ෸˶˯ˣΨκȻ۾
žણžડ
֪˶ãߵﴫŲκȻ˾
৵վ嵽դǰеүүҪҾ˾˸ʦͨһ£͸š
Ҿ˾ŵκƽϣͬʱҲ£ǡ
˼κȻȻ
Ƿƽʱ˴УΧ׶ͽ͸ˣǻʲôǲ
ɽգôЩ˶ûж
תͷȥͼЩ˫Ŀգڵһֱ˯ȥһ
뷨һðκȻ󾱵ĺëȫ
ߵĽŲԽԽˣκȻȻתͷȿһ˫ɫѥӣϣǿĺۡ
ۣ
κȻ͵صɴ۾ֻǰһ˾վǰ
κȻɫһץס˵죬ҧߺ޵ĵ:㣡㣡㺦ң㺦ң
κȻֱһ㣬κȻ˲ֺһҽг
˼ʹ࣬˵ˣġ


79 
ңκȻȻţò, Ҿ˾˸ʦ취Ūȥġ
Ц
κȻɫѿ, Ѿ˿ͷ, ҲٸӴŭЦʲô
Цˣҡͷ, ĵЦ㾹档㵽ڶ֪ɣ
κȻ䱸֪ʲô
κȻ۵¶Ƚֺµɫ, 촽һ䣺Ҫ, ڴԼ̡ϢѾȥü, װľ˾ҲѵõϢ, Щһֱûж
κȻɫףҵһ¸ɬ촽, ֪˵, ˵Լģ˾һҵ!ȥֻǡֻˡ
˵𣿿ְͽΪҪ㣿
ֵһʱ, κƽ𣿡
㡭ҡκȻŴ, ȴ˵һĻ뵽ձŭκƽϽֳ֮ɫ
վԭ, ߴ, ĵĵȴšȻһ, κȻ˵ҵģ
˵ͷҡҡͷ׼ȷ˵, Ծȡ
κȻɣԾȣ
ǰ˵˼ʲôκȻϵϣ֮ɫȥŭ㵱ڵЩɵⷬ˵ǣôţˣҡ㡭ʲô
һЦκȻ䱸Ŀ̧ƿñ¶ʵò
ź˵κȻɫ৵ıˣɴ۾Щŵص㡭㡭
˺κȻʱķӦ϶ñκȻһֻ֣ô죿
κȻɫ䣬º˷Ƶģȥס֡
졣κȻ˻˵
**
һߣɾƺǰ̽ħĶѪħɵУȥû˾ɢˡ
ʱһһƬڵ/С
Ķǻ䶯ţʱ룬뽫ڵĻʳ
һ˻̵֮ĽµĶѣЩҲ׷˱ܣҽ
˵ز·࣬ҲżŲ죬̬Уò֪˿ŻΪ԰ͻ
Ĭһʱ䣬ڴ˴ѾʮʱˣҲûȵħ嶯֡ĵǳס
ǰϸ΢죬촽һ䣬һѷ˻˹ȥ
ϡֻ˲ҽең۾뿾𣿡
Ǳɾջ֡
ɾ߹࿴ۣûһ𣿡
ҡҡͷɢˡ
ɾѵЩ⣬̧ͷһΧû뵽һǧ껹ټѪħӡôѪħӡħôֱʣȻʮ׼ѵѾˣҪˣ
벻ÿɷҵƺ˵
ԡɾ˴죬ϣʲô²źá
˵꿴룬뻹ǵڵ״̬ɱ֪һϺ취ȥƺצӣû¾͵Ż𡣡
Ͼ˻ʮִġԶڵ״̬ǰȫˣȥ֪ҪϢá
ܲƵ˵֪ˡ
ɾĶŶ룬üʲô
ɾšüҩˣôɫô
ԽɾǰȥɱɾӸƵ
ȻǰĶͣ½ŲɾҲƲʲôֹͣ߶ǰ벽뻤󣺡жˡ
Ļ䣬ͼǰӿħ塣
ɱڵħɾֱ̧ۣʾ˵һԣϢԸǡ
밴±ɾĸ첲Цأһֱǳء
ųȥĶ룬ɾε̾˿Ҳųȥ
ɾ֣ȺħȻܶɶ˺ʵ̫࣬²һһ绹һ磬ɱ꣬ټﲻͣ̽Ĵ룬˵ĺܡ
ɾ̲סü˵˽ħ壬òᾡ˰ɣĪǣ
ӦģͻȻȼƻ⣬ɾε˵𡭡
֮ʱĵ̵𣿡˵䣬ߵħ붼Ĳˡ
ɾԱһ˴ʱ̾۾һļ򵥴ֱ
̲סЦһ£֣Ҫæ𣿡
áɾż򣬺Ȼע⵽ʲôȵС󣡡
ñɾѣҲо˴ɱ͵תͼһɫӰڴ˳̼ǰ
Ǻˣ
Ǽɼһϸ΢Ļȣָֻܿޱ顣
ǴŰɱĵܿ˺˵һںһʱȴһϡ
ֹУ˲ϢֳܷʤȶϢǺһؿڡ
ɾֻߴˡһɫüΪѿֻͺһһΧħ壬һεǰ˱ˡ
ɾ˼Уǽڲˡ
վסɾ׷ȥɲصĶһڴˣֻ÷׷ˣתȥ롣
ô
ƫͷȳһѪת˲䶯Ķˣû¡
û¸ƨŶ԰׵ɫɾšü㲻Ҫƫ˵ôأôǰˡ
˵־ҲûãħôĶԶӣ˾֡
ûѱɾѵϣ۽ޣ˵˵زźã²ء
ɾûʲôӣɵĵιǧ˯˵ŽֵڶģҪ
֣Ϳһ˷ҺĶץס
ɾͷǲڣֻŴŵķ׷ȥ
֪˶ãǰԼɾ۾һǰϢ
ȥ
תһսǣͼƺ˲һ
ƺн⽫ӳѩǺ˲Ų΢΢ͷһɿ뵽ǽС
ƺ׷ȥȴ͸ǽڣֻͣ
ɾϸƺһӣûˣ˿û̫ˡ
ƺɫϾҷ˽ֵʱ򣬿ġȻע⵽ɾɫ԰׵Ķ룬ɫһ䣺ô£
ɾ벻С˺˵Ĺ취ȥ
ƺͷҲٵ飺á


80 
ҹ׼˺ѳա
й, , ڵһʱ, ˣڴû
û뵽һһ, ûֹϢ˼, ƿ
ֻһƬ, ̧ͷ״ķ, һƬոĺ, ǱŨīһ㣬͸ֹ
׼ջĿʱ, һɫ˺ԶڵĻ, ֻǺܿûȥ
֪ΪΣǳɫγʧᰵͷ͵һĿסһ, ȴҲûĨɫĹγ֡
عںڰ, ųֵһĨ죬ͺǳᰵĴһ㡣ֹƬ, Ź, ڵϣž졣
ϺܶӶĶ, Ƿ׷ƿ̽ͷ
һӴźǷⳡˣ⼸Ƶ, ɷˡ
һӵֻꣿ᲻ħ壿ǵĶͦġ˵̽ͷᰣأ
Ҳħ壬ֻţ̫࣬ڷƽ˾ʲôµġ
Ŷôһ˵겻ɷ
ᵽڣ˲ɱ뵽κȻ
Ⱥµ꣬ʱյദϲ롣һ뵽ܹʦֳܸˡ
ɵڶ죬ܲϵ̨ʱ򣬸˵͵ˡ
ʹǶκȻٺ޵ҧгݣκȻһŵĵӡ
κȻ£żǵĲһˣŶܵ꼰
վȺУɫġ
ģκȻעҪΪԼµĴ󸶳ֻۣҪ֪һ͹ˡʦҲʵе˵ȥ
ԶԸ񣬻ΪĲ֮ãԵһʦֽĲ
ᰵͷͷһɿɬʦֳʦ϶ҪġϾôɵˣ֡
֡
뵽һ㣬ᰵ۾ٿˡֳ棬ʦ᲻ᡭĹ
ûע⵽ᰵɫ仯ͷҲǣʦǰ㣬ֻѲκȻˡ
תͷߵʦֵܣ˵ڻôκȻĻ𣿡
΢곤һЩŵӵ˵κȻṩõϢɽһ

ţ㲻Ҳù
һ˵̸һΧ
ܲǽһɽϣ˵˴ӽ޵ĵطɽ壬Ϊɽ
ͷܶŸɵĵӶ֣һȦûȺҵԼҵĺɫӰЩʧ䡣
ȻӵȺһ˲˳һ£ˣҪʼˡ
ŸһתĿ⣬ֻӰڸ̨ϡΪ׵һϮۣڵӡǡ
ǾԵ˾ȵᰡ
ᰲɿǰˣֻʮͣӢȻҲѹЩ˻þ棬˸λȷʵ̲סۡ
ƿĿ⣬ɨһ۸̨һҲȻ֮⣬̨ϻмλˡ
ҲһЩˡ
ŵλȫڣ¶ŨصĺȦȻ⼸նûϢá
һϵпʼˡ
һ˷
ܿκȻѹϡ϶ȻΪ񲢲Ҫ
κȻʱҵģκƽ۵¶Ƶɫǿûеô˵ʧ̬
׿ƢĶ࣬ԵݺͣȻסûܳɹ
κȻڵѹŹ̨ϣͷδκƽ׿ڵķһۡ
һӿʼϸκȻУ˽Էųħ壬֪鲻кͬš
ע⵽κȻϲδ¶µɫЩ֡
κȻദʱ䲻Ҳ֪κȻԶ񶾣̰Ⱦ£Եܱ˵Ȼ̬ȣ
Ӻܿ˵κȻУΧ۵кܶǰֻ֪ţֱŵ֪ȫɶκȻΪеߡ
һʱȺ鼤ܣֻ̧֣ӵŵȥ
ֵκȻЩУǷΪʲôҪģ
κȻͷһﲻ
֣ã޻˵Ǳǩ֣Ѻɡ
е״κȻǰ
κȻڣݡɽɷﲢд̣ա

ȡһ¡
κƽκȻͬʱڡ
ֿžˡˣκƽһ֣κȻлҪ˵
κȻһͷУС
ֵ۾ʵṩõϢǷ⡭һ
ֵҪṩϢǷá
˵֪Ǻ˵ʵأ


81 
һϣ͵һ, Ŷ˭˵, ҿɱ㲻
ͷ۵ľǸ, ץסܳŪħıֹǡ
˱֤, κȻκƽλÿһ, ۵ƴһ˿Ŀ, һǺ, ܿʦ
һ, ڽԻȻ
ŵλȫˡҲšü̾жϳ, κȻ˵ѡ
˴ĵ, ô˵˵ѣ
Ե¶һۣü˵, ʣ
ǡ
κȻκƽܿ췴Ӧ, ϸֳŭɫ֪˵Щʲô𣿡
ݺҲǰκȻ, ⻰˵
Ҳѹκƽݺͽ, һţǺ, ŶѲ˸ϵ˶ܵǣ
, Ƕʵ˽⣬ˡ
κȻûκƽݺֵͣ˵ġС͵ţڼλʦʦ廳дģҶÿһ˶ǳ˽⡣Ǻмϸ΢СʦҲţԽԽá 
κƽһԾκȻߣκȻֹ˵˵Сʦߣ͸֪ˣΪʲôҪּ׾ֶ񶾵ĻԣΪڻɱΣĹ
κƽĺܷŭΪֵزκȻʶԼĴû뵽˸ᡣ
û˵ѡκȻκƽ
ϲδһ¶µɫĿƽĿκƽʣ˾ˣǲһֱң
κƽʲô
һֱޱôŬ㶼ҡԸԴҡڵһҶ챻ˣ㻹Ըʦ֣Ը˾ˣô𣿡
κƽɫࣺ㡭
κȻ˿¶һĨЦݣ˵ҲǣСǾ֮ӣҽţ账ѹһͷһֱҸ㶪ǲǣҵȥʱǲţôûôһ׸
žκƽһ˹ȥĻˣ
ЩڶеĳᰣҲӿһŭ⡣
κƽˣΪκȻϧ¹򡣿ϧһƬ֮ģȴκȻݺݲڵϣ̤
۰ƫĵͽ˵ⷬ׿ɫҲʮ־ʡκȻǵһμƵġ
κȻƫһԣĨȥǵѪ벻ǣһ̷֪ϣûҪѡ
ɫ΢ǱκȻ˵ˡ
ȻڱչصĽҪͷǱǿдϣֻ¡
õʱ򣬺֮ϴһϵǲزˡ
̧ͷͼһɫӰӿ¡
Ϊ׵ȫֵ°ݼɾ
ϵҲŹȥ
ƺ֣˿ȴƺˣһͽȫ¡
ʲڵȫסˣκƽɾǺ⣿
ƺĮɨκƽһۣǰħᣬ̽Ǻ˽֣ѿ
ĿɨΧǺˣʡ
κƽܣ
ƺɫһ䣺м٣ץס֮ǰλίһ°ɡ
ǰƺ˵˼ʲôƺأȥѲ飬ܿͻн


82 
ֵͷ̧, Ը˼䡣
ܿǼ, Ҫκƽ
׿Ƣ, ȻǲԸģ붯֣κƽǳסˣʦܣ
׿ü, ǲ, Ҳûٶ
κƽ, Խ˵µӵ, ÷
Ƭ̺, տ̨ͻȻ˼ʮˡǽ˵ŵӡκƽݺ͵λ, ѹ档
̬չ, ϲġŵĵӽ磬ݡ
κƽǷģžŵ¡˷˹ݺ, ɾ, ڷҵʦ֣Ȼͽˡ
⻰, κȻڽһ촽, ڳκƽ档
ɸֵˣҲѾˡ
Сⲻܰɣŵ¸, ôǺˣҲš
Ҳ, ϶Ǳݺġ
Ҳ˵˵żκȻˣֻҲʲôö
ǣκȻ˵Ǻʣ˵ˣûҪѰɣ
˵еѶκȻûô˵ˣһ˵ɾˣҹƴ°˳ġ
ԶԣʵʱչصʱҾ;òˡ˵ħͻȻ֣ģôͱչˣʱҲδ̫ˡ
Ҳôá

Щ˽ûӹ̨˵Ķ䣬ܶӶĻ
᰸оԵһ궯һ£æְסļ򣬳ҡҡͷ
̫ˡᰣ㲻𣿡
ᰵɾѾȥˣźܿͻнǰĵȴͺáҪ£øĨڡ
ԣ˵Ķԣ侲㡣ܿӸͳᰵĻһͬȰꡣ
ձȰסˣ᰻ûüɿ͸оԼ˶ˣĿƲ⡣
תͷһöκȻʺ޵Ŀ⣬ᰲü
ǡڴʱһҴҸϵķڵӵĲͬӦǹ޵ˡ
ƺ㱨ڷϳ˻ĵӣδʵӰ
Ϣϵաһ
ɫ죬жתŲͬͷ
ŵĵҲ˹ģʼôȷˣôѵǡ
ҲЩ⣬ʾǺˡäĿԼɣäĿţֻζ롣
룬ʦΪ޵ɾŴôʱ䣬ڷ⣬ῴ
κƽ˵ģǱݺġ
ţȻע⵽κƽˡ̧ȥͼκƽһԵκȻȥ
ĳЩԭκȻδŵ˴һ֮һСξ롪Ӻ磬μ
κƽκȻǰվˣ˵֪ˣǲǡʾ䣬˵ĺܿ϶
κȻ۵һĨɫȴ˵˾ˣ⻰ʲô˼
ֱڣκȻųʶǰˡͷţڵ⣬Ѿ͸ˡ
ŭ!
κƽκȻţǱ߹޵˵µѾܻɾҪȫѺ𣿡
ƺͷ
Ӧһɾ⻹һ¡
ƺ˵
ŵһڣһӵʬ塣
ЩɻüǸոʣֵǣϲ˿ڣ
ʬ֣ͷ͵һ
մȾ˶Եʣʶ꣬ʬȻãǿˣΪֻ˯ˡһӴ֪ˣǲǻˡ
ֱʶƺ
ֻƺɫƽʣ֪Ǻˣ
룬Щ˽ʦ֡
ĵȻˣ֪
ȺеݺϢ͵һΣǱԵȻסֻ¾͵ˡ
Ȼɾ˵ʲôôܡ
ݺǿ򶨵ģµġۿѾƲסĺˡ
ϢκȻҲһ㶣ЦݡЦ̫ãõݽŤĵز
ƺǰɾʬΣҪһ˻𣿡
ƺźۼɨһ̨ŵĳᰣĮأ˼Ѿˣ͵˰ɡ
۾벻ƺľ
ƺ֪ʦʦڡ
ᰶ˶񣬵ɾôǰȥƺ˵ȴκȻסȥ·
ÿ
ʡʹôˣκȻá죬һ˫۾ֻųᰣ䲻֪Ϸʲôˣֱ̫!
ᰲٴεÿ
κȻվԭزųᰣ۵״Ŷ񶾵⡣䵽㾳أôͷǰ裬ʦͽ͡
ˣų᰽ּеӣκȻѹŪŪ͸ˡüҲΣɾ棬ҴҲɣ
ĲС˾ת˷û뵽κȻָ
κȻЦ٣Сʦ˵Ȥ£趼֪Ŷ
ؿκȻЦô࣬ر˼һ¡ʦǼˣź˵ġ
˵Ҳ᰾ܾĻᣬյᰶߣֻ˲ΪΪ뿪ţ
̶̵һ仰͸¶ϢȴǾ޴ģʲô˼
ʲô˼κȻһųᰵ۾õĵ±·ͨһŲȿ׹£Ǻ
һѾסκȻ죬ҧ˵ʲô
һ˴ôߵλ׹뺣жûǴ󣬲Ҳ׹û̻˼ꡣ
κȻ촽ϳһĨŤЦ⣺ݵɾĵ㲦ΣڲˡһûܻˡһҪģ㡣
κȻªһŭ֮һȭ˹ȥκȻʹһűˤڵء
ȴò
κȻΪϣǰ̾٣ûɱ֣Ƕô񶾵ĳ
׷ȥֲһţ䱻סˣڣκȻôõĴΣʱ򣬸ûл֮
ϴ󲿷ۼɾУҲûκȻǱߵĶڼǺȻһʱЩãȻ
üһ̨ʾǰֹֻǲǵߵǰͼһɳ׼ݵĴڳǰ˻ɳȥ 
תͷֳֵľƺɶһ¡벻ƺͻȻ֣Ҷһꡣ
ҲЩ죬ɾ
ȴƺֶɫϣСӣ㵱ʲôط
ԭ˼ƺŭæתĿ⣬ٿ
Ʊˣǰĵֻý᰷
ɫ԰ףǿ¿𣬳ĵӵл˵΢΢ƫͷƺڵķһۡ
ƺǡҲڿֻƺĿпᣬڿһֻ΢Сϡ
ᰵͷЩƺĪĵ⣬ֻǲˡ
½ֻŶ˸Ͽ
***
κȻֱ۴ӵƫͷǺһѪǱζû뵽᰾ĸҵƺֵ涯ִ
ǰ󷢺ڣԺиֳһһ棬ȫйء
Գᰳ֣ûӡδεù˵ãֱӾ͹ˡ
ѪζĴ̼£κȻͷȣĵӿһ޿Ƶŭ
룬ѾˣǲͽܻţһԸġֻʦͽȫˣܳ׷ġ
ţκȻǰһѳӵ彣ȥɡ˵гǰһ͡
κȻȻѣڳ˶ûӦ飬һʱҲܱܿ
κƽκȻͼȵκȻɣ
ݺͣȻҲͬʱʧеᰶ
̨ϵĶƺĿɨκȻзźâᰵʱĿ΢΢˸һ¡
һ̣κȻгࡣ
һ֣κȻɿЦ
ݺֽȻ֣ȥ
ڴʱʶֻһųɫĻԳĿڴܳ͵ؾϽ⣬ȻһκȻ
κȻǲ⣬ϴȵʹУ̲סҽгŻˡȡ
ǳɫĻ漸˲ͽκȻȼһλ
ҽУԵڵȥ:ңȾҡ


83 
⧲κȻ첲Ҳ
ƺֵ, ǵӵɫ, Ĭھ, ȴǻ𲻵
ϵʹԽԽǿܲסˣֵĴУ⡭ô£ˣ, 
κȻӵĲ״, ǰæ˲ͣ½Ų, ¶ɵɫ
ҲЩа, ǰĺȫȼˡ
һʱ, ̨ϳλ򣬾ڶһʱʮֻҡ
ЩãȻ̧ǰ, ȴϸû˿ڡһʱЩ, оˣΪʲô
˵Ĳҽ˼䲻֪ô, Ǵ, ˺޹
ţʶ, žͷǻʶƵ, Щ˻˳ָڡ
һĳԻˡ
⵽, ô£
ЩһƵˣϨ, Ͻ첲ȷԼź̲סӯ
ΪжЩûж⣬һͷģʵûܶʵԵ˺
ݺʹҴߣץϸһȷû²ųһ˵ᰶû̫ˡǡô
ݺˣʵ̣԰οһĲҽ಻Զ
תͷͼһǻڵϷڣ֮涼һƬڡ
ǸλǱˣκȻ
ųֵʱϵĻ涼˻ΨκȻϵûС
κȻڷҽУ᰿۵ûֻһƬĮȻ
κȻ䵽㾳أԼԹˡ
κȻҲ֪ᰲҧ̨׳̨ȥȡҡ
̨µ˷ĿκȻȫŵˡκȻһ·ײײ̨ȥ
̨ϴŵĴ󲿷ֶڵĸ߲㣬⻹мɵšϣͷ
κȻ̨Ϸ֣ң졭ҡ
κȻҪϸ̨ʱԱ͵شܳһ꣬Ҳ֪һͰˮһȫκȻϡ
û뵽ˮһãκȻϵĻǵûϨ𣬷䡱һȼĸˡ
κȻ˫棬첻ƻ˵ĲҽС
ˮһſͰ૵ôΪʲôˮ˻𣿲Ӧð
ԶʦֵǶˣǴߴȥ
أɻţȺдһ󾪺ʦֵҲھֵĽ֡
겻̧ͷͼκȻſ˫۳˹
ѽ꾪ֵĺһΪ̫һ˵ϣľͰҲǹģģ𣬱
걾ΪԼˣκȻҪ˵ϵʱһϮκȻɳȥ 
꾪ϲתͷͼֵ֣ǸǾηлл
ʦֵָܺܿˡ
ڷɳȥκȻΪȵʹ࣬ȻЩˣڷĴҴܣ˾Ųѣʮֻҡ
ڣκȻܵ±ߣƲֱӵȥ
ԨκȻˤȥɡ
֪˶ãµ״ءһ죬ײ±ϣ⾡
ҵĳӿʼʵʱ̵̣ܶ⧲κȻܵ±ߵʱκƽֹ
´ĳƵʱ̲סһ߬ȭͷ۾
׿ҲסˣãȻǰһͣǲ֪Щʲô
κȻˤµ÷˻ع˾ֵָųᰵ˶ħѲ˸ϵ
ԣһδ˹Ļ棬Ȼ˻ֶκ̣
Ҿ˵Ųɾǻţڿ˰ɣ²֪˶ٹ
죬Сץ
δ֪ļȿ־ЩˣκȻҪɱᰵġȽκȻǾȡ
Ⱥ鼤ܣȫҪץ
̧֣Ҫõǰץˣµ
ƫͷȥµҪסꣿ
һµɫʣл˵
΢΢šüᰵķһۣͷǣҾõĲаǡ
ʲô˵ƺ
ֻƺ˵⻰ʱĿһֱڳϣûп¡
ƺ˵ʱˣɫġ
Աŷŵ˵ɾ¿ڷӿĻǴĳɫ޴󣬻˵ʶжķ˻𡣡
ƺ̬־ҡͷ֮£ֻе۾һʹ÷˻꿴ſɲᡣ
¿һۣû͵˼Ƕƺɾ۾죬ۼ˻⡭
˻𣿡ƺµĻųᰣ䳹ǣ۵׷ӿڲסŨɱ⣬͵һССķϣҲ䣡
ƺ⺬ĻԳɫ
ֻǲ˵ʲôͼƺǰһŹǲɹˣ¡
ƺȻ˿ڣǳһĻȣ𼫶Σգδ˺޹Ǿ͵ءɱ


84 
Ϊƺϵս˼㡣ڵĵӵǰ, ̨Χס
ɵĵ, е˵һ, еĴƺǰˢһڸУҲǰ
ݺæ᰻󣬳ƺɾ, ᰶĸħûйϵ, 𡭡û˵, ͼһһϮ
ݺɫһ, 䱻, ľ黹㿪ǵ
ݺųվ壬תͷȥ, ͿȻƺڡɱȻˡ
뵽˶ħʹ, ݺб֪˷ǲˡһᣬԳᰵᰶߣ
ᰲʦ
ݺͿԽԽ, ɫأ, Ļɱ㡣ᰶʦĻ뿪סǡ
, ʦ, ҡ
ߡݺ͸˵Ļᣬߴٵŵĳ, ʦ䲻ҵʦǰ, ǲô
˵˳һѣᰱƵһġ
վ壬ǰݺǳҲӣ
ᰵһʦ
ݺͲΪϵͽܣˣһʦ˵㡣ǲߣͲŵĵӣ
ʦ⻰̲ס۾
ݺͱ˵ˡֵʱۿЩˡ
ڼ¶ѹ飬̲ס˵ᰶ߰ɡʦѾʧȥһӣʧȥΨһһͽˡ
⻰вһڵ˵ͷ
ݺ¶οЦݣһӣ߰ɡ
˵ڵѾ̨ݺʹӭȥЩǰ
᰺תһתͼޱκƽվ뵽κȻĲ뵽˵ĹϵĽŲͣ
˶룬˭û˵κƽ˹ɫһȴκƽԽ
ᰲתͷԭһ˹׼ӱ͵Ϯ
κƽ䱻һɳϣƣ͵ϮĵҲŵ
κƽ˵ĽһŽ߿ȻԳᰵ߰ɡ
ᰲ۾ΪκƽӣҪֹġԭˣĵײӿһɲ֮⡣
κƽ˳һۣܴѣȻڲݡǽκȻ֮ţɱɾ۾šһ˵˵Ǽһ𣬾ͻʮ˵Ǳ֮˵ֶβν
˵̨ϿһۣɫصκȻЩ죬˶̽ӣܽӴֻڵˣڲֻ²ɾ
ǲ˶ߣǻס㡣ʦֲǺˣΪˣѰץɱס취ҵɾһҪ˵
ᰵɾҪɱңҵġʦ棬ͻȻֵĻ棬𣿡
κƽ΢šüҡͷ俴ǻɢϢħйءɾֻǱɱ۾˷ǳġգɾ׾ͺˣɲصġ
᰾ƺǲ׵ģ⻰û˵ͷԼ˫֣΢΢һͼһӿѿ
ָ᰻һ׼˵ЩʲôͼʮڵԽݺͳ˹
ɫһݣ֣ڻİ׾ٳκƽϵʦ棬Ȼڲȫ̫Σˣһ߰ɡ
κƽУôˣ㶼߲عǣߡϵ⿪ԸȺڵӺס
ʱмֵκƽΧڵĵӵõϢĻᣬȫΧ˹
ȳӦԣͼһӰͬڵһ˹
һ§סһڵӵĲӣקǰʣŤͷԳᰵʦֲĥƨߣ
᰾Ŀ˵ζû뵽һ׿ᱣ
׿һֱЩȻתһĿ⣬յʲôΪڰ㣿Ҹ㣬˷ӳȥҲţϴˢŵŵˣҾҲŹ㡣ߣ
׿ȻҲᰶ߰ɣｻǡ
ᰣλ϶ˣ߰ʵܶ˸͡
ԣҵţٻǡ
ڲߣҪɱ㣬߿ߣ
ᰴЩ꣬Ƣǳº͡鷳ڵĵӶӡ󶼺ܺá
ճᰵĪΣյĻ棬ҶԸ
תͷڳŵӲ֪ʲôʱȫӿ˹䱻ǷЩڵǰΪȡߵʱ䡣
ۿһȣٲҹǵ⣬ڳŵǵҡ
ڣݺҧԾԶȥ
**
ȷԶκƽһס֣Ҫٴˡ
ŵĵӹ֣ͣǱˣȴվıֱûŻڵϡ
κȻת̨һҾɾڵӣԸܵ顣
̨֮ϣСƺɫɾ⡭
ƺų뿪ķ΢΢۾һ֣ȫѹȥ
**
ᰴֺķһЩ˦׷ˡѰһεĿɽʱǽƣ
ʯϣĵתźܶ뷨֪ʲôʱ˯˹ȥ
ɫһ˴ꡣ
᰾ѣЩãȻתͷ⣬֪뵽ʲôɫ͵һ䡣
ʦ𡣡ᰵһ䣬һӰʧڵĻС


85 
᰻صһʱɫѳװ
ʱ, ŵĸ϶ǵƻͨ, ɽڶĵġȫ, ֻʣһƬڰ
ᰶڰ۲һȷû塣
뵽, ƺķԸЩ˽ʬ, ᰲɼӿ˽Ų, ЩǲΥƺġ
ĴѰ, ںɽһΪԵ, ǱѱˢĲӡ
᰿첽ǰҲ, ֱӹڵȥھ򡣲֪˶, ָʲôǴͬ
ᰵĶһ٣Ķ, СĽȥ, ڿָĶһϯ
մյϯ, ᰵۿ৵ؾͺ, ֣ϯƿ
ϯӵ˫, ݲ԰׵ʱ򣬺ȻҵĴ, ݺҧû
Ĳ԰׾ݵܾӹͬꡣһʶ֡Ϊ˵ʦһǻƽ󣬴߳جεʦ
ˣһصģһġ
ֿݸԵͬһ壬ԣʬʮҪ
ֽŷ˼βŽʬﱧ
עȥϵۣķϻմȾһЩᰱȥֻˣڿָȫֻ࣬ԽԽࡣ
ŻٴαȾ۵Ĳ԰ף̲סȥĶ룬뵽ѣȴ޲ߣܣŻʹˣ䵽˾ء
صĿֻó̲סֱյļҲճȭָǷ׵ĵز
֪˶ãڰҵĨһᣬĵڲʱɵ˶ڵʦһġ
һжûô⡣
ţᰱСϣ׼ȥڷ壬ܲܲ鵽ʲô
ֻձվ͸оһɭɱ⡣
͵תͼһȷϮգۼǰ
ᰴ͵һܿǼΪյһǱֱۡվ壬վڲԶĺȻǺˡ
ˣᰲ⣬죬˵κƽĲ²ǶԵġ
᰽ŵϣһ˲ǰ
ϡһԨгײһ𣬳ֻĿһѪӿƺһһǰʹܵķΧڡ
ʵȻǺ˵Ķ֣֪ǺԭǺ˳кޱȣȴǧһ֮ձܿɱС
Ǽκ󣬺ȻŭָΪ
һӦԺ˵ɱУһ̲סüָоʶֻһʱ벻ˡ
ֹһֻٴδһ죬ԭǳеļԨɳȥ
ֱֻ֣۶ڷ
סᰵĲֻǯ᰺һֻץס˵ĸ첲
ۿųΪ
жñҲܸܵͶϵĿ⣬ŨŨ
˴ʱĿ⣬ϱ˵ϢзŵĽ֣óĵϤ֮Уʯ䣬Ȼ뵽ʲô
ҹɫжź˵Ķñ¥ʦ𡭡֣ǡɱˡҰɣɾ
⻰һ١ô˻ᣬһǱϮš
ôľ룬ǲܶġᰳɹƷ˵Ķñǡڴʱһ˺ҹգڿǺ˵
ƺ
Щ۾ֻ̽һ£û뵽˾ƺ
ƺɭף૵ԭ㡣
ڣˣѹֵʦǰʱЩħĶô졣
ѹһֱ鲻˭۾ڼ䣬ƺȫȨƹܹޣû˻ỳɵϡ
ѹʦΪ޵ɾôã˵û⣬ƺȴɵĽʴɺˡ
ԭһУڱݵġ
**
ҡƺųᰵ۾ǳһĻȣΣ
ƺ˵Ҳȳ᰻ش𣬱սָֻԽˡ
ƺһֵֻüģ;ʲôƺڳ˳
Ļ档
ʮʹģȴӲҧأƺǰ¶һ˿̬֮
ƺǵɫĻ泹׳֮ǰǻȻһϮƺ
ƺһ֣֮ᰱˤ˵ϣǵĻٴصڡ
ʵĿٴӿ䣬ᰰڵϣŲӾҿ
ԭĲǡƺųᰣ۵͸ŵɫϸֳѹֲסصĶ⣬Ǿ͸㲻ã
ƺ˵һƻͷᰲΣգ̧࿹
֫Ӵ˲䣬ɫĻԳָӿ̼ƺ壬ұ۶ȼˣһмӵơ
ƺû뵽ɫһ䣬æ
ʱδͣǱˮƺƵұϣ̣ƺҲ̲סҽг
ᰴ㵵ĿԼָƺôߵΪҲη棿
ڵĻ𵽵ô£Ȼɻʱ򡣳ƺϾæȥ
ֻս豧͸оħһͷͼƺұϵĻһЩҪϨơ
΢ӳ£᰿ƺɫ·Ǻһһա
ͫȻһѿڵħ壡
ƺϸֳģΪߵħŻֳġħơ
ᰶƺɫص㾹ǡħ塣
ƺɺɫ鿴ųᰣЦȻ㿴ˣֻ㡪ȥˣ
ۼƺ˹Ȼһ̧һͼһɳɫɵĹȦƺΧ
ô˻ᣬԨ뿪ˡ
վڻȦеƺͷԶĳᰣɺ۵׸ֳŤɫǣΪӵõȦһ׷ȥ
ֻƺ뿪壬ͼһһײ±ƻصϡ
û뵽˴ڣƺɫȻһ䣬ܣȵڴ˹
ȻΧ˺뻩⣬Ӧ
Ϊһ飬ƺٿеʱ򣬳ᰵӰѾʧˡ
ƺɫ˼䣬ɫĳһƣ嶼Ų
**
뿪ʱͷȷƺû׷󣬲˿
ټϸƺ֣ƣ
᰸оǰЩģ֪ԼҪŲסˡͷ·׼ҸطЪϢһ¡
ûֵǣһźɫҹɫӳһһ·β
ڳ׼䵽һյϵʱź͵زͬһͬ뺣С


86 
ϵ˲䣬Ȼһ, ʱѲӽ, ʮֹ, Уá
ᰵ뺣УֻǺˮ̹, ŹĺǶ
ܿ, ᰿һһֵֻ״Ķ, ϾʹٴϮ
ʶ, ƺĿһ, ǶҪڵĻ档
ռʮҪλãڵĵƲ֮, ߵҲ˾صġ
ǶԼĽ
Դų, ̶̵ʱڣɵҲãƺҲ, ·˶һš
ĵײӿһŭ, ҧ촽һ
ǵһ, ĸܵڵĻ档ǻܵٻ, һ˳ųᰵ֫ٺӿ˲סȫ
ڻȼ˲, źͷſ˳ᰣס
ᰱɫĻ, оůְġ
ԶĺдһĵĴǰһڣʧȥʶ
**
ٴ۾ʱ򣬷Լһİķѻ˸ɾ
·ͨϴķףŲǺܺŤͷһ۷ڵİ裬жϴ˴Ӧһͨũҡ
ǵ˷㣬ƮɢʳԼ̸һһŮﶼЦᡣ
ᰳֱǡڴʱű˴ƿˡ˵ĸо̫ܰſʱ򣬳ᰲûнŽ䱸
վſڵһ긾ˣһˣ۾৵һ
᰻ûü˵ͼŤͷ溰Сֵˡڼ
ܿһˡ
Ƭ̺󣬳ᰴǰΧĸˣǶ⣬ǵҲ˹
ǸŮҪȳᰴһ꣬һŶ쵰ģĺ
ƯСǸкŻʮ꣬Ҳʮֿɰ
һĿڻվ۾ȫˢˢųᰡ
˿ʮָˣԳ˵СֵܣѾˣˣˡ
վڸһźʵףЦ˾ͺã˾ͺá
˿У˽⵽˴ظϻؼңǡںзͽ˻
˻Щ£籩ģϷִҲûס㡣
ƿӾҪ´˰סˣ𶯱𶯣ѣǺúϢɡ
ҡҡͷ´һĿһҾֿл
⻧ʵ˼ҿǵһμ֣صĵле㲻˼
ĬһЦˣ˵ʲôллģ£˭һѵġСֵȥ˵վ
˵ȥɣСֵ˵˵һϴ֣֪˵ɶ
˵Ǻðɣȥֻ࣬ҲǵȡһЩ
ֶ˵Ҳˣȹȥүү̳ԷǱҺ
ǶԽͦ࣬뷨ȴһһҡͷ˶ųᰣȻʲô漫ˡ
˵Ǽлλˣæ壬ȥԷɣùңҡ
˲ͬĿôУ㼸춼ûԷˣôܵˡ
˵ЩʲôСкҪһѽ
⻰۾һѽôû뵽ء
ᰳɵⲻðɣ
ûʲôõġ˵ԶСֵ߰ɣ
ʵ̫飬ᰲþܾͷͬˡ
кĹĸ첲ҷ㡣
ã̤ŵʱ۾ĵһ£ʣʲôط
кϪ
ϪĬ֣Щ㱣Ѿܶûˡ
񷿣ǰλ˵ʱ۾һˡ첽ǰЩĵǡ
ǶϷһ˵Ļһ̧ͷ
ǵݣ᰸ȷˡλˣǰڶɿģ渶ѵˡ
ǰȣǵͷˣȻ
ϸ˿ųᰣǡ
ϸɻİ񣬳᰺Ȼ侲ڵĴǼʲôôء
󣬳ᰵûʲôлǾҡ
긾ǰλ˵λСֵܾǰȻġ˵ϸߵĵӣԳ˵Сֵܣ
ᰵлܸоϸ˵Ŀһֱϡ̲ס˹ȥ˼һƣЦˡ
˵ִߵϰ飺ˣͷӣ㻹ǲǵģǰǰҹڸۿһк
һ۾ҲǸӣ˳᰻һͷЦˣˣ
ôȥˣᰵü۳ˣϡܿСʱӡ
λ˵ĻҲܾȡ
긾ȷӦЦԭǺ㰡㻹˰ѵ渶ĴˣǹþáѹЩȥˣϵó㡣
ŰÿµӶһЩǮ䲻࣬Ҳõˡ
ǡҪϪ񣬳᰾ڵһʱ˽Ѱյַ˻
ųᰵֵ˵⺢ӣҪ˼Ǯ㻹Զͻ
ᰵ׬Ǯף˭ǮǴġ
ˣȻǶĿģ⻰̲סЦʣҵ˰ɣ
һҵˡ
ǾͺãǾͺáЦᰵͷһοúӣ겻ôˡ
գգۣ۵׵ɬ˻ȥ⣬ˡĸо̫ˡ


87 
緹λЩ, ͻطϢˡ
긾˵, ˰ɣ, ͸ȥϢһٷĹѾ˴ˡ
û, Щɵĵ, һ𣿡
˵֪ʲô, ʡ
ᰣ˾, ûмˣ
ҡҡͷ, ܿ췴Ӧô㻹ͬ飿
㷴Ӧ, ᰵĲɳȥʵԤ, һ·һ֪һġ
裬ϲôʱ䲻˵
ҡҡͷ, ٴθ˵л, ʾҪ뿪ˡ
Ҫߣǲ죬ü, 㿴ɫ԰׵, ҪĶȥֻ߲Զ·ϾͻȥˡĻ, Ϣ졣
лᰵұҪߣҪȥҵġͬ顣
˵ͬһͬ׹ˣ
ᰵͷ, ɣҸûʲô£ȥҿ
æôУѾ鷳Ǻü죬ôܡ
˴Ļɵĵôˡ
ȻֶԼӣҸ⼸첻ڼңǵչ˺үү̻гֵܣ֪𣿡
ŮЦͷİɣһġ
кԼСظѧŽ˵ͷİɣһģ
̲סһкͷЦԡ
ʵһˣδɹ᰻᲻ǻˣ᲻˺ǡ
**
Ѱ˵¾ôˣҷ򸾶ûö೤ʱʰöˡ
뿪󣬳᰻˷䡣ڲĻ޴󣬵ҲΪľ˯ôãȻúֻۣۡͷȴΪѡ
Ū£ɥ
ʱ᰿ڴߣͷתŸָͷĻƺûϵƺǺһħ塣
ǱôãʲôĿԶ׼ġ
ֻǳ벻ףƺΪҪ֣˵ݲûб¶ôǶһ٣
˵ʱת˵ߣԱõڰж
΢΢üԶûô򵥡ԺкȻԤ׵κƽ˵Ļ
κƽ˵ħ年ᣬκȻ˵ѣɾЩͷ۵һ¶ǣȻĶһ١
ڣκȻȫȼ棬̨쳤ֱۣн˾
ʱκȻ̨ϵĸȣġͬ顱ȣ
ᰱ۾ŬʱκȻֱķվŵļˡ
ܿˣЩаڵ֣£⻹мвֵˡ
ڵͽ⼸֮
Ȼûõġ᰺ܿ۾룺ƺΪħ֮ˣȴƹܹޣͳţԸ±뱨۾
ֻǾ˵۾һֱڵ۹ˣҲֻһССʿл۾
ʦھͺˡ૵һ䣬Ȼʶʲôɫһ䡣
뵽һֱԵ£ôˣʦû
ƺ붼ҪʦʬˣͲʦôǲ˵ʦѾˣ
뷨һðᰵĵ׾̲ס󷢺뵽ɾƺ⣬Ǳɾأ
濴ǰº޺ƺ᲻һģ
ԽԽ䣬Ĳ²ģټţ˭Ҫβܰ⵹ƺ
ơ
ʱתͷͼűƿһ죬ҽܶ̽ͷ
ҹʣᰣܽ𣿡ǸкҲ۰Ͱ͵ĳ
ţȻԣ
ԽȻԳʮֺ棬˷󣬸˰ȻͶų᰿
ûйţų״򿪣ӣǡ
ǹЦС¾С
кԽһӡ
ᰵͷ˿ڣ˵ʲô£
Щ˼ĲŪһͷᰣ˰ɣ
ᰳһ£ǴʵȻͿԽܶ˵۾ͬʱ
¶õЦݣ˵ѽҾ;ʿŲͨˡҳô󣬻ǵһθ˵ء
Ǵӵץųᰵĸ첲磬ҿ˶ɵģϣݡݡݡȥ֡
᰾ֻһССʿˡȻֵĻǿϷɵġ
۾ˣµǳʲôɵģ
ȳ᰻شֽ˵ˣǿ϶֪ڰɣ˵ڵ˶ر˽Ӣۣϰյƽ˵ڵˣķǳÿ
ԹԵص˵ţǳ㽣Ȼ૵һ˵ŵҲȢأҪһڵĵ๫ͺˡ
˵ܾò˼סգָ͵͵ᰣûЦŷ
¿˳һȻᰣ㲻ڵӰɣ㳤ôÿ
ᰵҲǡ
Ŷһͼչ˵㣬㿴ϸˣ
˵ʲô̲ס˵ܵգ˺ȻʶŵĻе㲻Ծ
Ͼ˵޸ڵˣʳǲڵӣڴʲôƵġ
µڵһ¸ˣæǸᰣ룬ûǸ˼ͱС͸һǰ㵱ܵܿġ
ᰵûж롣ŷ
ڵһֱǢ֪ʱ䣬ӽˣ²ŵѽôˣһûءӣѵƵˣȻ˵һܳԷˡ
᰸վæɡ
¾Ŀ᣿
һµǺðɡ
±׼óᰰŴ֣죬óλá
ķ˱ԵĸɸɾԲСƤűõóԡ
Цᰣգȥ¥ˡ̣˵ǲǣ
˼һҲŵͷǡ
ᰱ׼ʰֹ꣬ˣүүĻɡ
ֻ˻ȥ
˼˯磬ûһϴ˯ȥˡᰱţɫȫ˲ŻطϢ
ҹʮ֣洫һŲкܶ˽˴ӡ
һӴӴʱ䣬ɲ롣
³˷䣬ϢԾǽͷȻͼӶһվ
۾ҹҲЩڵˣЩһʲô
ᰵĲһڻˡ
ᰣµȻ𣺡ݶʲô
ᰵͷͼһյվԺĿ


88 
ᰴݶС¹, ⼸ո鷳, ʵڱǸ, Ҫˡ
üߣôˣҪȥĶ
һĶһ, Ƿ, 鷳ġ
һ, ʵ㣿˭ĳҪ㣿׹ǲΪ
˵, ȻĽŲ, ֮⣬˵
ɾ, ҡǰںһ, Ӧûûߡ
ɫһǾô죡
Ҳ˳һ, 񾯸վԭز, ȻŽСߵԺǰ˳ŷ⿴һۡ
ºܿ˻, ųᰵĸ첲, ߣöˣȥ϶Ӳġ
תת, ܿ⣺
ų᰻סķ䣬ϵıϯƿ, Ȼƿ壬ֻ·һܴĿռ䡣
ɿĸ᰽ͣǼҵĴǵԼģ¿ԷŶһҲ㵽ȥǲֵᷢġ
ü
ѽûµġµҪʣҾ˵Ѿˡ
˵ţԺѾˣ´ߴٵ죬ûʱˡˣֻÿȥغá
½ϣַɿĽϵı۵뱧ֱȷûס˵ĺۼų˷䡣
ߵſڣ룬һų׷
һкԱߵķűˣ۾㣿Һˣǵˣ
¿һԺŵķ߹ȥסܵܣС˵һ˵һжģ֪𣿡
˸Ƿ۵״ˮЩãȻĵ˵ͷˣô˭ѽ
Ժűֻվ˺ܶˣģʮ֡
վǰļ˴ͳһķΣ󻹱ŽվŵģǱѸֵĴ
¿ǰļˣɻǣ
һμ̣ŵ
Ϊ׵ڿݵʱ۾৵һˣƲסԼǰһ˻صԺ䱸Ŀ
˿ҲʶԼͻˣͣ½Ų£ڵӣǻˡ
ڣ
۾۵ھȣҲ̲סŴ͡ڼڵˣ
ľȹȥĵײɻڵΪʲôҪץᰣ
Ұͷɻµλɾҹˣʲô𣿡
ѰˡΪ׵˵ŽӹͬеĻ񣬵ݵǰꣿ
΢Ļ⣬¿ϵ˺Ȼǳᰡ
ǻ̲סһͣ뵽Ķֽͱˡ
ûкɫ仯ӣЦŶСܵܣǲǣ˵ںδ
֪Ϊʲôеǰˣȥٴȥˡ
ˣϵЦЩҲסˡ
µǰ˲䣬æɾҵܵЩһƽϡ
վֱЦôᣬĵܵܺܿɰ
³Ĭһ£ɾһ⻭ϵʲôΪҪѰ
˵ħ年ᣬͽ֪ںδ
˵⻰ʱĿӹ£ͶԺ
ɨһԺǰֵĴ񣬳ᰵȻʱô˶ˣϣǲѵġ
˵⻭ϵȷʵǰҵӺģҼס˼죬ɾĲɣѾˡ
˼ǾԼ۾ôˣ̻ôϲ
˵Ѿͷôû뿪أ
⻰˲ü𣬼ΪΣգɲҪ
¶˵Ŀ⣬ǿ򶨵ûƭǣ£컹ûˡ
˵ǲţԱһãɾǻɣԽȥѲһ
˵Ǿʹˡ˵һӣͬԺӣԺſһ˰ء
㶯үү̶ˡ
ߵλǰԽŵ˵ʱѾˣүүʹˣҪϢѲǵķɡ
˶һۣá
ǲ¸ܷܵλ˽˷䣬ֵһǰģ߳
ԺӲҪ˶೤ʱѵ߰˰ˣ˵Ŀ˱Ǽϡ
ע⵽ǵĿ⣬͵ƽʱģ˻ʰʰͷҵס˼죬һߣҾͰˡ£ǵһ£ȥԿס


89 
ºܿȡԿ׹
Ŵ򿪺󣬾ͼȻڷ˺ܶ, Ե, ʰĺ, Ҳûζ
ǽλ÷һŴϳһŲϯ⣬û
һ˽ȥϸѲһ, ϵϯ, ûʲô, ܿ˳
ɾġ˵
Ϊ׵˵ͷ, Ȼ, Ǿͳ˰ɡ
⻰¼ɼ˿, ˵ת, һĲɾ£
˶µ֪굽δȥˣ
ҡͷ, , ǽ̸
˵˻һֱд˼, е֡
µﲻɴɿĻһԼ˵Ļ, Ӧû¶ʲôţɾ, Ϊһֱң
˵ûʲôֻǾС¹Ư
һ£ʲô
˵¿, ⻰ȷʵ١µòͲůɫĻϣԽԵļ⻬
Ҽҷ翪Сͱͽѧö飬̸ͨҹﲻͬһǸӷ֡
ȥ۵׵Ĵ֮ɫҡͷЦûʲôŹϢʵڱǸǾȸˡ
Ҫߣ¼ֱ֮ãδֳֻɾߡ
һ²ʱ״ʵС¹أôûǣ
ֻһʣʵе£Զˡ
ζĵһͬһ뿪ˡ
ڵļ֮ſڿֵĴҲ½ɢˡ
ȷ˶뿪Ž˨ϣ󼱴Ҵҵܻط˴塣
Ѿˡ˵ԱߵĵһĿһµˡ
лµ˿ֻڵΪʲôҪץ㣿
Щɣǵ֪˻Ầǵ֪ԽԽΣա
¶ɫµȻ㣬ǾͲ˵ˡ
ǣס֣ܵܵҲߣӦûڸһߣȫЩ
ᰳĬһǸ
ЦʲôñǸģÿ˶ܡȻ֪ϵ׷ʲô£ҾǸˡ
촽˶ȴû
ȴ˼Ƶģ˵ɲһ˵ĸоһ˶ϲġ
䲻֪׷ʲô˵Ҳŵͷԣϲģܺóԡ
ůȴֲ֪˵Щʲôֻõллǡ
˵˲ôüģֻǺܿЦˣʱ䲻ˣúϢɡӣˡ
Գᰵ
̲ס¶һĨǳЦ
Χٴΰڴϱ۾ͷȴʮѡ֪˶ã洫һϸ΢춯
˽Ժӣ֮ࡣ
ںڰ˫ۣϢǰ˳ŷ⿴ȥͼԺǷȥļڵӡ
ͷһЩȥĪǲʲô
ţͷЩ˾ֱµķȥˡüѵǾµ
źվƬ̣µķкһֵֻһ䣬Ǳס͡
ţִʲôڵص
Щҵ춯 ͵ʶԣǼ˲ǳģµģ
Ϊ¡
ҹǱŮķ䣬ʲô
ͨһ󣬳ᰵɫʮѿûκγɵ˳ȥ
΢ɫµķųţǼڵӶڷ
ڵǼֻƷûע⵽վڲԶĳᰡ
ǰһһ˵ôңҪǻ˰ɣ
ʲô㣬ҪǲҾ͹ȥֵǵĺ£һͬѹβסļ꣺ΪץճСӶ˶ˣƧĵطתĺȻ/ƵĵطûСЩҲҰ帾ò׼һ־ģôҲܷŹ
˵ЩˣҶĸڵˣϸŴװʲôҪ
ǰǼ˻ûȿڵЩǣԸȥô죿
ô¡˵Ҫʵڵģ۰Сɱˣһѻǡ˭˲ۣһɥĲӷ
˵꣬ΧĿĬһ˲Ĳŭָ𣬶ǳ޵
ܵ
ԣһֻΪճСȥɹֲϡ
²ŵĵǰļˣϴڵķΡʮڡ
û뵽ڵ˾㰹಻
ŭʹĸˣҼ䣬֪ߵʲôֻΪֵˡҲ⼸ʿͷǸ
ֻʹһŵڵϣɫ˵ʹŤ
㡭ɫףָµѡС/˸ҰŸʲôȥ
ŶŶá˰£ʣһȥӣһתͿվſڣɫĳᰡ


90 
ɫ䣬ûü, ͸еһɴϮ, ˾ͷ˳ȥ
˭ͬʱͷ, ǻδᰵӣͽ˷䡣
ᰶֺĸо⼸˵Ϊֱ΢˿Цĵز
ĸ⡣
ǳ۾һִ, ֮ءµȫҪѡβڡ
ǰ⼸ȴܽ, ֻƺεĽ
ǧʱ, ƺ׽ڻٵ˺ֵزڻܹ
ºȻ, ˼, ǰôû°ɣ
ֻҡͷ˵ۿͨ, ץų᰸첲, 亹
ģǱŵˡ
᰷ɿɨһۣãֻͷЩ, ˿, ӿģ޷Ƶķŭ
ôɰĹ, ȴ, þЩġ
Щˣóǰ
˯ڸڷٴα, ƿţˤԺļ, ֿһ³ķš
㣿Сµķ䡣
վڵĳᰣͺۿµʱæǰʵ磬ʲôˣǲǼ۸㣿
УѾѳᰵԼˣδ᰻˺ǡ
ܵܵæתͷһֻ֣ǰһѱ
䲻֪巢ʲô֪ίСӺƵģرס£С㲻ޣӱ㡣
˵꿴һԼϸݵĸ첲ܾԼ̫Сˣֲһ䣺Ҳᱣ㡣
ԺѾһ˽еʲô˾ұ͵Ϯɣ
᰸һͱסӡ
ϸֳ֮ɫ£ᰳڰ֣ʾõġ
ǴĹ֪ڵѾһͨܽˣƬ̣֡
߳䣬Ժڵ˿ʱһ¡һŤͷͬ㱨ǣǳᰡ
Ƕ۾˵һŵɫȻŤţų᰻̲סЦ̤ЬٴĴѰء
ǣŵܵܵ߳
˵Ŀһɨ۵ӿһĨʣЦһ˵С//ܾǣԭԺвһεģѹ˰ɣ
亦£⻰ŭͷŸɾ㣬ûС
Ŷˣ˵ѵԣ۾һɣĿʮĳªŮҼĶˣÿεľ߲·һȫת޴ǽСӣʰ
Ļû˵꣬᰾Ͷˡ
ϢĹڵȫ˵ϣǱ
ҽסˣڵϵҲסˡ
ĶһǾĺ޻֮֮ʵ࣬ʵ̫ˡ
˶һۣ˱˴еĿ־塣
ſڳԵ˷Ӧ죬৵һڳǰ
ϴʹڣʼͣʾԼֻһʱϲŻ£ǳһ
˺ܿ췴ӦҲŹں޲ѣʾԺٲˡ
ĸ˵ĿʹһҹɫԵ÷̶
ȳᰱ̬ԺһǴŲ˵С£ӣʲôˣôô
һͷүүûʲô£ôˣأ
ڰУֻ˱߱ߵ˵Ҿͳ
¸׼ȥ˵ʱȴȹڵϵ۵һĨյ⣬Ȼڰȥڿне񣬷źŵ
ԭص˲Ҫʲô۵ԳһĨϲһ˽еãõġ
һ̫ͻȻ⧲£ֵشУүү
ɫһ䣬˺ܿܵǰֻǲЩʲôͼһХסĽ󣬽ݺϵ˵ϡ
˵˲ȼ˴̲סʹ

ģźŵڿը졣û̧ͷŤͷһŵʣˡ
ڵϷҺͬ飬ŵɫǼ᰿ųԺš
ǡȥĶ𡭡ߣ󡭡ҡ˼Ҫߣܲ˵ȥ
ǡȫԺǰֶŵȽŷһʱûж㿪Ҳȫ沨һȫȼ
ССľһס˵ܵܵ۾ȴûֹᰡ
ǳ̫ŭûþͻΪ˽̿ûϢ
Ժľ߽ǣЩƣı۾ôһ˲ʵһθĹĻġ
Сĵطʶ䲻࣬Ҳ߶ڱġ˷ʥͣ޹ľӡ
һֱ֪ʲô˼ΪСܵӰ죬Ըÿһð˺һθĹĻᡪֻҪԷĻڹġ
ڣ뵽κȻǰ⼸ˣȻãһֱļֺ񲢲ôȷ
ΪЩˣѾܱ֮Ϊˡ
һζĴõĲǸмܺԼߵˡ


91 
ľʬϵĻܿϨˡʱ⴫С, , ʲôˣ
ͻȻһ, Ͼȥˡ
ѹԳᰵȼźŵֺܿҪˡߣǧܱץס뵽ڵӳ, ü
ڼ, , ˵С²˰ɣҸո˵ˡ
һӵǷ򸾲, ʣµĶ˸, ǿɵðտ㡣ȱţȥ, ǰײ
, ¸ˣɿҲүү, ǰųᰵӸߡ
ô, ߣߡ
վԭû, Ϊʿڳ߽ӽ, Ҫǣ֪Լڲߡ
ƺƶ, ˶ΪΣ̵ֲӷڵĵӱɱ, Ϊ˲й¶٣ûˡ
ǲܲ˵ˣȺʿʱҪν⼸ʬ壿
˶ħǺпܰ˵ͬᰲðգôõһˣܺǡ
߰ᰣץŪġĶԽԽ¼Ķˡ
վһԵ䲻ԭίŮźµӣҲȰӣȻΣգͿ߰ɣүүʰ
үүҡᰵĻû˵꣬ҵԺžͱ˴ײˣȴǴ񣬶һȺִʿ
Ⱥʿܶ࣬ڵˣҲһЩɵĵӡ
ƽʱƧĵطǲô˳ֵģЩڸѰġ
ֻǲ֪ƺʲôôѰ
ԺĴе̽ͷ֣ǿԺſڵľ߽ʬʱŵþһ˳ȥ
ʿҲǼʬ壬ϳǵ彣ɫʱһ䡣
Ӵܵͽ

ǰɱڵʿϲδ¶ŵɫ෴ΪЩ˵ĵ˿
²֪ᰵĴ㣬Ĺʱ伫Ⱥ£ҪסЩˣȡܵĻᡣ
ᰶ죬¸жʱһסµĲӣԺ˺ɱ
ǲ˽ᰵʱɷӣֻĻһɱ˲գ۵ħͷ
۵һĨ֮ɫ㡭
Ѿסˣеʲôſҽ㣡ſҽ㣡ǻˣˣ
ᰱţΪ˲˿ҧҧһĽ˳ȥ
СĵıܿҪôСĺˤȥ̲ס۴
ɫ৵һ䣺ӣ
վڲԶæ߹ȥӷᰴĿ⣬˺ͻӵķ򿴡
Ю£Ŀ׺ݵߣ򡭡͵սָµɫʱȱɫ
嶯
ЩʿУȫȥǼһǼ¶ʹ֮ɫæȰ嶯ǧҪ˺޹
˵ʿ̧һֻ֣Ťͷ˵ÿߣ
Ю˳Ժӣһ·УʿΧ˺ߡ
һʿеӲģʣܴᴦá
⻰̲סЦǽӵѵǾ͵ش𣿡
ΧһĳĬ֤ʵ˳ᰵĲ²ǶԵġϵƺԲ֡
ЩʿһһƽһˮûСȣ̹ǡȻĶһ٣ֻԶĺڰǸһ
ǡ
΢΢۾źɫİڼǰǶϮ
ų᰷Ⱥʿеڣϣ
Ⱥʿʱ򣬳ע⵽ǻڲԶĺɫҲˡ
ǰǺлȨһȺʿּغϣеӣʿȺһףתԾ˲ӿĴС
źɫ״һ٣ӿǾòáƬ̺źɫԭʧˡ
һʿס£СĵĽŵϣеû°ɣ
ɫ԰׵ҡҡͷл
ĿںϣͼȺʿóȻˮǷڿУɫ۳ɵĹ򳯺ȥ
µһĲɾ
ܿ죬ĴǸ˹ΧߣĵĲУѾͷû°ɣ
ûˣ
ɾ˵СǸɱ˲գ۵ħͷԭšû뵽ģǾȻҪɱ㣬ʲôǡ
ԶԣֱǰǧģôСһȥϣˡ
ϣɾǸϽץסҪˣûˡ
¸ûעߵЩ˵ʲôӶǷų᰽׳ȥʱ˵ǾԲлл
ϻ£һῴͼ
᰸ðգֻΪ˽ǼժȥͬʱᰵⷬٶҲһϢǲεġ
㡣
С¡
Զǵĺתͱܵ˸ҵλҲڴĲ˹
һ˱һţµû£û£ǵˣԲ𡣡
ܾļˣµĿڵĺϣ˵һᱣҵļˣᰣҲϣܱԼԼһŬϣһҲҪ


92 
ͬڳǱߵľĶǣʱĹʮְ
˽ص۹û, ˻ԡ
ƽʱ, ˾ص˵ز, ֻʱ⣬˵һľɼ䲻, ǳա
ɾļٵ˼, ֱȶ, ųһ
ɾཹཹȥһ, Щ, е
˼Ҳû˻Ӧ, ֻ÷²豭, Ѱˡ
ƹ磬ͼһŷɫȹŮſϣű, һü, һ˱ɡ
ɾʲô
, ſϵŮӶ͵һ, ͷҲ̧ĽϵĶһС
û, ûʲôŮվͷҡ˹, ģһֻʧСӡ
Ůӱī֭Ūȹɾ
ⷴӦûʲôǵϹ
Ҳע⵽Լ·ˣЩתƻɾôˣ۾ôˣ
ɾѾȶˡҿˣȥҵ衣
á±ɾոʲôһգ۵ĹʹܳԶ
ʮıӰɾ̲ס¶⼸ĵһЦݡ
ʲôΪ֪ûк֮ġߣҲûĸɵӻһȥﻮıơ
ȻҪһ㣬ĸĸǹ޵ˣһɼ
ͬʱĸĸҲһħսȥˡ
ĸ˫ʣһСûطȥͰ쵽۹ˡ
뷨ܵһԴĵطչʳӵ
ˣϲһʱ÷ˣѰ˼ŸҸ÷޳ȥ
룬Ϣ֮ǿ죬졣
뵽ʱʹ޵ӣɾڻ̲סһͷ󣬵ͬʱ־úЦ͸п
һͬȷѪдģ䲻սںΪǰ˿ڣҩ
Ѵһһˡ
ܿ˲ɾһڣˣأ⼸պټ
ᵽƺһ۵ǳݣҫɾæˡ
ƺС˼ֻҪ۾Ķܿɾպģ̲סŶǰæЩʲô
˵ҫɾ˺˵ĿĴץء
𣿡Ϣɾϲɸֳϲɫ˵Ǻ˭
ǡ˼һˣŵţʡ
ɾˮĶһ٣ΪԼˣһ飺ȵȣ˵Ǻ˭
ʰ
ʣôܡɾһ䣬һ飬úչ˵۾ȥҰ
**
ɾһЩҵƺеʱ򣬾ͼһƺ㱨ʲô
ƺ˻֣ӾͳȥˣЩƣϴôˣ
ɾżɽ˵Ǻ˵ˣʣ᲻Ūˣ
ƺĻд
ɾ̲סü
ƺһǵ˽𣿵ʱҿ
ɾ̲ס΢΢۾һԵ˼Ƭ̺̲סʵȷû
ƺεֲûôϴҲȥһѲˣȷʵûڷϱչء
һ£ֵͨŸһжӲ˶õġ
ǣȻɾȻʶһص⣺ӣŵôˣǶץˣ
ƺޱɾ׷ʵСᰶأһҲˣ
ᰵ֣ƺɫһˡ
ʲôɾӸˣСᰶˣ⻰ʲô˼ôӣ
ڱɾʦصعء
ճᰵԸһһУܡ
ƺɱκȻ˼ˣˡ
⡭ɾ촽ʶΪᰱ⣺СᰶС͹ɶ£ô˵ǺˣһԼȥ¡
ƺشϴѵ̫ⷬЦ޹ģԻỹףҪһССĵȥ֤ʲô
⡭ɾӣ˵ľú¿̫ܲԡ밢Ŵ˶ãû⡣˵᲻Ǻ˹αװʵӣ߼޻
ƺڷãȴһ죬Ҫνͣ
ɾҲ˵ȥѪħӿҪħҲܿơԭҸ²֮ӣǺˣĵĺأ
ʼǱô֮꣬Ҳ׾٣
ԣɾȻһ£԰Сᰶǵ۾һֽ̳ģСδƤӵߵģ
ƺüĪӿһ𣬾Ҷ
𣿡ɾһ뵽ľǷ˻
ƺҡͷǷ˻ῴĻ棬ܿħйء
ܣɾѿڵôܸħ島Ϲϵ
Ϊβܣƺűɾ۾֮Ǳ˽磬ῴ۾裿ϳѪͷ޹ϵ⣬ʲôǱʦͽϵ̸ֵεģ
ɾ˼ħóᰶԸ۾ġ룬ҲԸ⡣
תȦ֪뵽ʲô۾Ȼһ嵽ǰƺҾǿıħˣˡ۾ǰ
˵ţߵ˷š
ɾתͷһվ֣վֱ壬ָֻѹӵģ
ֺܿ˽ȳƺ񣬶תɾּɾ
ɾһüŶϵң
Դħ屻ϳ˽󣬱ɾж˼ϵĵӣ˽Ĵεй䡣
˶֪½磬ȴ֮١Ϊ֣֮Ҳǵһ档
ЦĳԶԶļɾһΣɾķһֱӡҵ
ɾǰȷʵ˼ƺͷǽֵ͡
ɾЦҲ֮λǰ;һڹ޼㡣
æԼΪǳкܳһ·Ҫߡ
ɾĪҪǫ顣
ƺǵ̸ʵʲô£
ֿ˱ɾһۣɫЩɣƺϴˣֱ˵ɡ
ǡֵеҹһа̩С巢˳ᰵټ
ƺһɾԴȽϹעҵˣ
ֵɱڵĵӣЮ˴еһλʣˡ
ɾĿɿڴ
ᰶڵ֣
Ю޹ʣ
û˯ѣĶˣ
ɾӦץı飬ƺȥ뿪ˡ


93 
뿪󣬷ڰ
֪˶, ƺڵ˵, ǳڵ, ڹ̫ࡣϴ㲻Ϊǵ۾ͽܾ͸£һζ̻
, ҲǸ¡ɾ
, ĲǸ¡¹˽, ¹ǧ˵, ûô, ƾԼϲȥжһ˵ĺû
ɾʱԺзֳģƲ֮˽ա
ʱƲĶ, ŵƷһƬ, ֻҪˣ˵˽ǳ˵Σ˽Ķ, Ҳһˡ
ֻǶ, ԡһ˶ʼϲ
ԡ
ɾü, յĽ̸Ҳû೤ʱ, ļǵãնտ, ᰵİȫ
ʱֻŸ˶뾹ҲҪ˵ʱڻ, ;ЩԾˡ
ԶԳᰵı̶ȣպæҲڳ鲻ʱɣô͵Ҫտᰵĵزˣ˵ʲôҪȷᰵİȫ
ֱ񡭡ԣǶϵԼŻһ
ⲻӦðô֪Ҫʲô
ɾ˼ã۾ȻһҲǲܣ֪˵ʵأ
ɰնӣ֪˭һʱ佫ץ
ɾ۾˲ȥЩյĲһ°ͣĵȴи˼·ǶԵġ
ɾ۾֪˵ݣһϵҪʲô˵Ǻʮ˽⡣Īʶ֮ˣֻǼȻ֪ݣΪβץд㣬ɵ
ɶΪ۾ߵͳߣħ磬˽ɵˣ˭
ȻɾĶһ٣ţǶϤɵ˻˭
˭
ɾתĿ⣬ƺһۡ
˼·ƺȷʵʵѡӹܹǧ֪꣬˶ԼˣʹΪ۾붯ƺҲõ
²ѱɾЦˣ΢΢һӣ׼˦ͷü
Ȼ뵽һЩ£һЩƺ¡
ǵ룬ᰵ¥ץˣǱܹúܺãպ˲û¥ƺ
вǰȥЩħɱĴӣ˵Ķǳ죬֮ǰ֤ݡ
ǻħߣƺ˵ǺʣϿ˵ùȥġ
˵Ŀֻƺһ˿
ҪǣɾȻնҹ֮תͷͰѴ¸ƺ
һΣոջԣƺȲţν졣
κɣͺѾ϶ˣģŵġ
ЩʵС£ƽʱɾǲģЩϸ΢С´һɶѡ
ɾüͷٴǲԸ⻳ƺģΪۿƺ¶ͯɳڣָսһ̤ʬɽѪ
ƺ
ƺȻڵˣո˵ʲô۾ôˣ
ɾػ񣬽ҡҡͷûʲôôˣˣ
ƺϹһɴɫϵһģǲעⶼֲˡ
ƺ۵׸ֳһ˿⣬ܿȥһָû£ʱ񣬲С˵ˡ
ɾĲɵָƺ˵˼䣬ڻȥ룬뿪ڡ
**
ɾػصսžͺײ˸
ѽľģдѵһɿɬҩζ
ɾô·һ˵һ߶ȥϵƬҩҰ˺þãҪ°ˡ
ɾعżƬǸɣ¼һ롣
Ҳֻˡ
浥ûɾײҩΪЦ۾
ʱһ߻Сӣһ߶Աɾ˵ҫɾҲҸ۾ҩء
ɾڶƺʮУ⣬ֲʵţʲôʱ£ô֪
һЦһǧǰˣʱħĿˣҫɾæĺܣҲôһΡɾҲϸߵʱҵ۾Ҽء
ɾҲҪ˵ȥҵȻ˵Ǳ޵Ľ֪˺ҡҴɣ
ɾЦǣתͷɫȴ
ƺҩΪҪ
뵽һ㣬ֻ߼׽֪
ҩҲĵģʱħĻ찵صģƺΪСɾû˸¡
֪ڸҩģۣ
ɾǵòǰĶƺ˵ˣʱƺǲ֪ӡ
ѵһжαװ
ɾĵ׷䣬ǰһʱ䣬һǧǰҪҩʱħսʱ 
Ҳһսĵ¡
ʹԭҽ˵̫ԵʡԴŲɣڿ
ɾеĽ¼һҩҩ뵹ҩʱ͵͵˳һ
ɾĻй¶ΪԺԸֻҲЩҩж٣Ҫ˵ż˻Ҫ¼塣
ɾŴӵ۹˳ҩ˽һլӣտԺӣͱһȺΧסˡ
ߴߴʦڻˣ֪֪
ȺǰɾŴС
ɾֻһʱѪΪЩûܰ͹֮ʹû뵽ȫסˡ
һŸӣǰվžŸꡣ
ɾĴͽ黹ǲģȻҲҪѴͽ
ɾ̧һִֻͽǵĻȱ죬ʲô´˵˵Ҵһ˷䡣
űɾıӰǻǵһμʦɫ࣬ʲôˣ
**
ڣɾǰ̯ҩ
һǽӵ۹ģһǲǰᰵġʱʮңʱûҩȫᰣ
ɾҩǶһЩģҩһ飬ûκ⡣
֣ѵˣ
ɾüͷǲҹ޵ҽٲ鿴Щҩģһƺ⣬Ҫ˺
ƺĻ˶ļƻ˺
ɾĥã뵽һΪȫõİ취ҩ
ǿҺ˲ˣ
˵ɾһͽܣԸҩˡ
ǵҩģʦˣ
ɾӦһԸݷֿ壬Ū˸Ҷ˹


94 
ҩˣɾһ, һں, üͷһˡ
׶Ϊβϲҩ, ζҲ̫
ɾһᣬ۾һ, һһҩҩ, ֺ´ˮ, žпζЩ
Ƭ, о, ɾתѴ߶ҩԡҲһʱûָµˣԽеǰ
ЩʦҪָ, ˫۷Ź, һʱ۵׵Ĺâˣϵıʮʹ
ƽʱ, һʱ˵ʲô
ɾϿ, ƢҲʮºͣͽܵķȫͬ
ȫǷ״̬, ʲôֻһ顣ʱʱ, ʹͽɽȥ档
ɾȴͽܺܺ, ȴʮͽᷣ, 
ڱɾֵô꣬Ҳĥˣһֱľ滹δй
˽Լʦ𣬼ֱҪɱɾǳˡ
ź䤱ǣɾҲЩˡ
һһЪϢʱ䣬һʱɴδϢԾò
ɾһôͲˣ
Ѫ///գܲüӽȥ
ɾƮƮĶּһ䣺ôһϰɡ
Ǳ˻⻰ҲһӵϡɾЦһ
ΪɾǾ䡰̫ʱ䣬ǼߣҲӲҧ䡣
ɾǵıֿľοͬʱֵȥẦ׼ͣʱ򣬺һϡ
ɾɫ΢΢һ䣬ǡڴʱ˷ӿĿȴܲǷӦ죬ʱ˽
Ǽɾֻ֣ͣǵķӦҲû롣ɾҩĵЩǡ
ɾʦļӣһ侲û¡ǽձֲȥϴ裬ɾ·úϢһ°ɡ
һ£ֵΪʦҪæûʲô²Ҫҡ
صţԭ͵ɫȻ
һ˲ĸоȷʵ̫һʱáҩǰΪ˱״һ˿ѹڡ
ɾ۵һƬ˪
ҩƺӣƺȥץġ
뵽ǰ˽ʱԴԴӿħ壬ѹҪ˺ս
ɾɫʮѿĿҩϡ
ΪҩЧɢˣһҩҲȥ
˴ͻֱᷢɾָ΢΢
ҩǱɾղŴӵ۹ģûþ;ͷԻƣ
ɾ֪Щҩ˺󣬻Щ룬ɶϲңݺҧһ⣬ǿԼѣȻջ˯˹ȥ
ɾٴ۾ʱ˯һ졣
ڴûòźһŶͷЦֻ۵ײЦ⣬ӿʧ
µûƺǸһֱϤĺǻĺӡ
ħսʱʧȥ˵ĺӶõŴ
ƺǲңɵ˶ˡ
ϧټִѧʲô죬˶кܴ
ƺҲȷʵûʧͷˣںħսңֵµħ岻
û˻ỳ
ڽ֮ǰɾҲûƺħŵļϸ
ƺսЩħʱƺ䣬δйһ˿
öôӲĳܶԼͬ֡
ɾǰһֱЦĴڿĻͦġ
Ϊһ壬ͳɹˡ
ֻϧζûϵű˵壬ҲҪǸϳȥðΣգһѷ˻ȼ֮
ɾ۾뵽ģֲɱ뵽̸
ƺĵĺ
ǵ࣬ȴϡ٣ֻӡ
ĵƺһǺ
⣬ñɾǣƺΪûħ
ü˼һȻһĵĴš
˵ȢһŮΪŮӻһк
ֻħλͼûۿĸӣҲδǸСӡ
ţɾ̲סЦ
ǼһӹƲ壬ȢһŮӣŮӵã
أ
ƺǸӣǰ˰ħֻ֮ҪڵħѪһδѣûκ
ֶѹסƺڵħѪô
뵽ɾ͵ֱѾ޽ӽǸˡ
ɫ
Ʋ㣬ȷʵʮּ֡ҲΪβƺˡ
Ϊ۾ɱƺףɱ֮أ
ô꣬ƺڰ˶Լ
ֻһƺûõģ֮֮лڰĺ档
ǻͷһѽʱ̵ܵǱˡ
ɾĬܿµ˶Ĵ㡣
۾ţ֪ɢˣҪҳ⡣ɾҧ߷ߵ֪͸ˡ
ô˵ɫȴʮࡣһȻ뵽һ¡
ͨأ
⡣ɾվŶͷˡСᰶ£ҿô۾
ţƣ
Ƭ̺󣬷űƿˣһԲʮָ̬Դ̽˽ʦҽвơ
ɾͷΪʦ½ȥ
вƹԹǰʦԸ
㻹ǵó𣿡
ǵðȻǵáв۾͵һʦ˵أų֪𣿻гᰣڽϷ
˵ŴһͨĲ棬ǳᰡ
ɾüȻ˽ˣƺΪݲ³ᰣ
Ǿһӣܸʲôв
ʦ𣿡ɾþòвƵǲ𣿡
ɾȻҪܣ²šҪ˵£Ҫǲϧκδҵ
ǡвƽŸʾվԭȴûߡ
ɾ̧£
вƸ̬Сţ˵ʦ𣬳ɱڵˣ
ɾڲ˵ЩʱҪǰҵȥɡ
ֵţ
вƹ˵Ǽ򲻹𣿻ΪܲϴǼ
ɾеԹüŶŸСᰶأðֻҪҵǴʲôʱ򡣡
вƵ۾һӾˣǣʦھ͸ʦȥˣ
Ȼһңһ¡
Ųʱгɱ޹ϢвƴŻΪѾˡ


95 
ʱвƺһ¥İڡ
вſϰڣһһһǰɱڵ, Ӱ̩룻ʮǰ, ɱ׷ڵӣʮǰ, ɸɵӣûӰʮǰ
ʮǰ˵ڼӰ, һǰ, ų˪Ϫɱһ, ֪١
вϵĿ, ŵһ·ɱһ·
˵һüҲųˡ˵, ɱ˲գ۵ħͷʦΪҪѰ
ûж, һ˵вԴ, е㲻˼ҵȻųᰣҪʦء
һǰһŵͼ, квȥߵ·, ûһɣȥʲôط
вƵȻûй, ŵ˶, йǲ군ˡ
˵ĬĬﲹһ䣬С屻ħ, ҲûˣֻѾûؿȥˡ
ôһ, вЩᣬ˵Ҫȥ˪Ϫ忴
Ȼ֪ϣãѾǾһˡ
̤ǰ˪Ϫ·
˪Ϫ忿֮ׯ㸻ԣﻹпջƼңȻࡣ
ΪɾҪˣвǴ˸İ磬αװҪ׽ͨӷɢޡ
ᰵĻĵǣҪȡǮҲǡ˵Ļɡ
вưŴϵСӣԼµһǣ˰취ȥʦһġ
ȻڴתһȦҲûʲôõϢ
Щǲͷˣ⼸Ѿ˼ʮˣôֻͷҲ񲻵
⻰вЩˣתʵүһĴ𣿡
һָ̧һ򣺡ǱߣԼȥҡ
вƵлָͬķȥֹ߱ôôꣿдˣǾȻ£Ĵơ
һ˵⼸̫˰ɡ
ҲԡвƵͷǺܿҵǻ˼ҡŰײܺñϡ
Ժųţвǿߵļˣȴɫ䵭Ǻĵӡ
Ǽ˼򵥼仰ͰвǴˡæôãʲôû鵽
̫ʱв׼ȥˡ
вƻһ¼򣺡˴ªλʦ֣ȥϳԶٺõģúЪϢһ
˽ų̿죬ܿ͵ϡ
żǮֱҪ¥Ұһᣬƿ紵Ǻ
вſڴߣ˵ڵʲôط
һ˼Ƭ̵ɱ˪ϪϢúܿ죬ڣкܶʿҲӿ˹ôڴ˴Ӧ߲˶Զ
ڴתһȦҲû˰
ɵѽǴôСÿջôȥ᰷˲Ż
вƳĬһתת˵⼸귢չĻͦ죬ҲԽԽֶ̼࣬ܿء
ҡҡͷҪܲµĶҲһ¶Ҳˡ
ˣ˵ˡһһֱ£ͷˡ
вƵ˵İɡ
ðɡ
õͬвȥ۾ƳԶĸۿڴһСС̴ˣǴʵ̫СֻһۣҲûϡ
в֪ǱѰĳ᰾ССġ۵̴ϵĻһġ
ʱᰲڴڣ߶˻
һƬڣ۾ҹҲֻ𺽣ɲ˿
˪Ϫ壬ǸոǸѲʿ̫ˣڰϴȥᱻץס
Ȼ֪ҴҪʻδܴվͺá
᰿һװľϣɫ԰ףڲסƣ۾ͷȴʮѡ
һȥܶطŬϧûһͺɱ
ᰳһ촽ò˵ƺֶΣɹ˶ΪǸʮɱ˿
ȻᰲںЩôǰ˪Ϫ巢¡
ʱ·һ֣׹۾ʱ򣬷ԼһСϣֽŽԱ
һһذףҪʿţɫһ䣬ӡ
˼ѣɫ˲Ŀ¶ͺһ
ħ壬ȴûħ
΢΢ü۾ںڰԼָ⡣
ԶĺڰдһǸоᰲİ
ֻ͵̧֣ɫĻ桰һ¾ʹ˳ȥڽĺɫһˡ
ɫĻΧһԲ׼ȷĽȦ
վ һ£û
ɫĻ£Ŀᰴʱģ࣬ҲһЩüɬ֮ˡ
·̶̵һʱڣɿĳˡ
ľȹǺܿ侲ЦôףᰣѰġ𣿻ҿ԰㡣
̧۵ǳŪңô㲻ɱˣ
źôãΪڵĻ档ֻϧһֱûܳɹȡ
дһЦûϣȴҲû⣬˵ƺɣˣһҪȡѵ㲻뱨֣Ұ
ᰵ֣һħ壿
Цˣ˵Ҹһ£֪ǴˣԼڵƺλһ죬һƵ£ʲôôȥֻ·һ
ޱ飬ÿɷ
̩壬ϴڵӣҲˣ͸ˡʵҲѶŲϣ˰ɣˣҲᶯɱǡ
΢΢̧Ǻŷϣ˵ꡣҶڵħҲܲ⡣ᰣְɣպƹħ磬ǿһһȫµ硣
ĿҰģüǺôĿΪ˭
źЦЦоţҽף˼Ҹ
ס
֣ĵĴӡ⣬һħѹ˵Ĵ󻰡
ֻǡ
һתĲһ˿


96 
״ʱӣǱ, Ӧֻ˽һꡣ
ǻ֮ǧ, ǧǰ, ǺðոЩħආһģ
һ֣Ӧáʵ̫Σˡ
Ȳ˵׵ݣ˵˽ƺڡ
ȵȣ
ᰵüͷ, ׷ŵĻ, ƺһġ
ôǶƺĴɵ, Բϧգ
ƺӦΪİµ, ԸԼĸ
ᰲɫ, Ƭ̺ʵƺǺˣ
䲻ģŵļ, Ҳ֪Ĵж, ٻűˡ
ļȻƺ˵ħĵλܸߡ
ᰵһûõش, ЦһȻҪ, óһɣȻ㲻˵Ǳ㡭
Ҳ޷ǲᰴʱ̬, Ļһ˿񶾣Ҳû˻, ֪ٶ࣬Ҳʲôˡ
ᰲδŭ, ɿڶ˿ֻ׵ƺĸǸĲ
ᰱϢĴֲ, üƺֵܣ
ֻ͵ֵܣһͼŮļ֣Ҳҵֵܣ
ᵽƺǺ壬Ȼƺʮ
ǸΪ޾һõĿأϧĹʧȫȻ潫һǧꡣ˽磬һŹ
ȻףҲƺɵ
룬ƺȡλãΪһħ
̹ˣֿʼ˵ᰡ
ᰵΪѡң֣ͨ
εûҪһͳħ磬ǼһһԻٳǣһ˹ǣ͵ֵıҲҪɵӣ˽ƣҶ㣬Ҳȡ˷˹ǣֻѡˡ
ģֻҪҵħ֮λҿԱ֤ʦ˵İȫȻǺʦ𡪡ֻҪһֱֵַġ
˹ǣ۾΢΢ˡ
Ψһķ˾סڹ޵ǳ۾
ԭʦж롣
ԭһֱĻ棬𣬶Ƿ˻
׸̾һ䣺˵㣬ƺô꣬Ҳʲô㣬̶꣬ó˷˹Ǹ㡣
ۿ죬źһȻ֪ʦǵ۾˵ңһᱳ
һҲңȻЦҲҪ㱳ֻи֣ܾ
ϵܳˣϢ»ǲһʦںδôˣ
׵ھĿǰû֮ǵġ
׷ʵʲô
ƺԳ˼ֻ¿̲סˡ
⻰ʲô˼
ЦŶ㾹ƺʦ˼һǧǰƺǿڱһ˽ǵˡ
ҧصĳᰣ֪ˡ
˳һ¡ҹλؼ䣬ôʦǻᰶԶ˼ɵӡ
˵״˽ʱ䲢ǧǰǱӻħ硣ֱһǧƺ취ȡϵ
׶ƺʼĴɵԷһðո˹ЩһֱǱڰĬĬ۲졣
Ϊһֱڵ۹ˣֱƺ벻ڹޣŷӦ
֪˽磬һͽܺ󣬲ûʲô뷨
׿ֻ²ȳᰳħͻ˽磬δѳ᰷
ֱһǰ忴ƺûܳڵĻ棬֪ڵĲǷ˻
ʵҲ֤ˣȷʵǷ˻𣬶һ˹ǡ
Ϊٵ΢ʿֻҪӵз˻Ҳû˸ǣҪ˵˹ˡ
ɹǣ̺ǿǲġģÿ־塣
ײħ˽磬ƺǴ󹦳Щ꣬ľͲһοƺǰǴûġ
֪ƺħ֮λľУǱпս졣
Ҫǿ֣ȡһεħ֮λ
˳ᰡ
Ԯĳᰡ
*
׵Ļ󣬳ˣһеЦ
ѹ֣ѹƺΪ߸ϵɾȴҪԭʦ𾹱뷨
׻˼ʦӦǱƺˣƺ롭
ҧأ۾ŭյľʦ𣬾ƺ¡
ϸųᰵɫЦһôĻشǣ
̧ɫĻӳ£ֻɫһƬסû˵ֻס׵ķ˻˻Χܡ
׵ЦֻӿƬ̺󣬳᰿˼Ԩ衣
ᰵɫ͵һߵ߰
ҲۻȥҹʬͼԨֻһֱûз֣ԭǱ״ˡ
ǰϸ鿴壬Ƕʬûи˯һ㡣
˿̧һͷл
׵лͲˣѰĳ⣬ôأ
ᰶһ٣̧ͷ
׵ǴƣһǼһһӻˮ˭֪ûвʲô֣Ұ㣬ʲô⣬תͷŶԸңǺܳԿ
֪ħ֮˽Ƕɡа֮˵ⷬ⡣
ᰵΣʲôûС
ЦͼǺɫзɳһϸһعͷ
״˹ǣħӿ
ħӿ䣬᰿ǸͷϿѪɫ
׵һλǰµħǡģȲϷ˹ǣ֮һɹҲֻǿί㡣
ᰵĿѪɫƿ֪ڶĺ·ħ壬Ҳմħ
ֻܽħȡ
ᰵ֪ûħ϶ֽţ
Цˣ˵ʹҶֽΣڵ㣬˸Һѡ񡣡
̸ⷬó֪˺ܶϢҲ׿ûκεơ
˵Ķԣڵѡ
ᰲеսˣ봹ӣȥ۵׵Ĳŭ
ڻ̫ʸûС
ħ壬ᰵ͵һɫ৵һ±ø԰ˡ
໥˺ʹʹ࣬Ӧҧһԡ
˹ħˣħǸڣܲӦϰ˾ͺˡ
Χڳܣβסļʣǻ
ᰲףֻרĿڽʧصȻֻ֣ܿù
̲סڵϣ
Ƭ̺кɫħ˳Ĳգһ˲ͨ죬һֳŵأкܿ쳢Ѫζ
ᰰ۾Ĵ
룬ܿ죬ʦٸᰶһЩʱ䣬һȥġ


97 
֪˶ã洫ӵ
۾, Ǹմˮһ, ɫ׵Ľ͸, ϸǺѪɫ
ʲôˣ
׳ȥ̽һ£ܿڵĵӵ˴
ԣԳһ˿Ц, ƺ, Ĳ
׿ųģ, ҪҰ㽫ȫɱˣ
ǿվ, ߰, һ
Ĳ뿴ף÷
׳ĬƬ, Цˣ, ҲҿδʵС¶ˣֻ˵ҿˡ
ᰲӦ, ԹԵĽ豧Ļڡ
ûиŶȥ, ǶԱߵĽǡе϶Բˡ
̧һ, Ԩ͵С
һ, ̧ͷʱû׵Ӱ
ĽŲԽԽھʹӡһ, ֵű˴ˡ
һ˵ѡ
űĴҵ˵Ķܴ³
ЩʬԽԽ, ս˼Ԩ
ʱһ˵λɾΪ׽ӷձˡҿɾЪţҴŻΣ
ɨһ۲Զǽ壬ӦЩ˴ִֽŵģ˻
ڵͬˣ˵ͷкƽѲ顣Ҳһ
Щƽϰ壬ȥϢ
˵أ
忴ŵٶȴܿ졣ܿ˲ʬǰ
ָֻշŵǰϣδƿ;䴫һ⡣
Ŀ΢бͼھһĳһӽסˡ
ڰĳᰵʱɫһ䡣
üԨסˣûע⵽˵ɫ仯ʾ˲Ҫ˵
ʱڼ˺ܶˣģĵطǽ䣬ܹ⣬û˲Сռڵ
Ƭֻ̺һƿֺϣ򶨵ɾ߲ˣȷʵûˡ
Ҳ½˵ԼѲĽȺڵȷˣܿ뿪ˡ
ڵȫ뿪һƱԹЩôô³Щọ̈̄ˣȥˡ
˵û£һҿȳȥɡ
ǻͦ˻ģ½½˳ȥߵʱ򣬻һյơ
űϺ󣬳ᰲŽ˻ȥǸҲ㣬ֻһʱȲѡ
ǺЩڵˣͨգԲ˺ǡ
˶ųᰣ۵΢⣺ᰣ㲻ǵˣ
һϸ˵üۣ˵Ұͩ¥㻹ǲǵã
ˣͩȺ侲к㡭
ˣܸͩˡ
ͩ˵ЩԼľ
Ӵ¥һݹڴȡӣ¼飬ʼɷ
˻Լˡķܶ˼Լ̴
ͩ䲻˵ƣ±㹻ˡᵽԼϲĹ׼׬㹻ǮȥƸ
ᰵͷͦõġⰲҸͦõġ
᰾ͽ¸лͩ˵ʦرġûʳô£˵ԸԼ۾
ͩʳ᰽ȥδ
ҡҡͷڲͷ
˽ô󣬿ɵڵˣûһ֮ء
ͩó᰸һߣҡҡͷ޹
˵ţ洫˵ĽŲᰶغڰУźܿ챻ˡ
ͩɫ糣̧ͷʲôˣôţ
ǻָһ򣬼ϡϰ壬ס¥¥һͣǵһμ¥
ͩЦҵףȥ𣿡
ǻϵϲõ˵㣬Ȼܼң¥һμء
ͷϰ壬㲻ȥ𣿡
ͩȥɣӦһ뿪ˡ
¥֣ɫһ
¥ʶƺ鲢
˵¥Ҳ޵⣬̼־޸ҵүСʱˣҲ¥Сסһӡ
ֻ¥ķʮָߣѰǳġ
ᰵδǮ⣬¥ӣ˶ߣҪѲҲô׵ġ
Ŀǰ¥Ϊȫȥ
¥ãѧβٿڵķ˻ı
ţᰱ磬ܷһæ
**
ס¥ļƻϵ˳
üͩѰһŮװϣһñ磬˹ֻ¶ɫȹڡ
ԼҲһ¡
ϴߣڼֻͩͩ¥ЦǼүٷ»飬¥Сסա
Ťͷһ۳᰻ˣֲһ䣺·;ңԶٷˣ˯ˡ
ֿˣ¥ǽӴ˵ģҲûѲ˼
¥ּǸǮУŲʲôݡ
һóӣʲô֣
ͩĿ˳һۣ³һ֣Ρ
ͩӦɿ죺ǼүжΡٷˡһ֡
˼ֺȸǮǺ󸶣
ᰵͷ˻һۣͣߵʱ˰ɡ
˽ᰵĶֻǹ»ӣɵЦһ˵ע˴᰽ȥˡ
˳˷󣬳᰽ľŷ뻹û˾Сͯ
᰷󣬸ͩл
ͩڰ֣ЩǵĿһ۴ϣǰû£Ϊֻ岻ʡ
һֵͩ¥ڵĶˣҪҪҡ
ɫʮ棬ǿףһůܾģǮа취
˵ƶͩŷȻˣұˡ㣬ء
һǰδͩǣ̫࣬պǣ
ͩᣬйǰ̣İĹڵܺ
վڴǰĿͼͩ뿪ֱҵĴʧջĿ⡣
ͩóᰵһЩҲֻһЩѡ
**
¥˶ķ֮ء
ڵİʮݻƷϣŽ׵ĵ̺һ֪۸񲻷ơ
ǰ¥޹Ǻܾ档
ҴʱħǺͷ˹໥ʹ໹δƽϢҲûȥעЩ
ܿˮʹľˮ򵥵ĸһָ˸ɾ
˳˵Ϊ֪һֱȥá
ʦˣʦ𻹻
᰸ϱӣȥϴ˸衣Ƭ̺ʪͷ˴ߵİϡ
ǰ룬˵ʪ˯áʹַҲ˲ôˡǸ£˯˹ȥ
ʶʼ䣬һ
ʶ۾ͼһֱɫСߣͷ
ֻЩ죬ʱʶĺܣ뵽Ǳɾֻ
ǽС죿
뵽ɾһˡ
͵ǰߵСһ౽˺ü
ᰶߵСһɫ
ֻˣǱɾأҲ¥
ЩӣҲܶഫţ˵ɾڳֹŵԩ鲢δϴ塣
ɾҲδȡκζǱƺƭˣǱһģ
ᰲðգʶ뽫ߵСһץȴʮų򣬷ɵͷϡ


98 
ᰵͷʪģǾò, ȥһŰ
ų᰾;ͷһů, Ƭ̺ʪͷ͸ˡ
᰸о, ɫɷһЩ
룬ܱɾǺ˻ǻˣֻ, üΡ
, ͷϵСץ, лôˣأ
СһﲻӦ, ŤС, ϸСצץʳָֻԲ۾, ͷ
ᰳĬƬ, ƿǰӹժһѵݵСߡ
СһצӲѣʾԡ
ᰶһ, ùϴĸɸɾƻ, ϱŵСһݹȥ
СһۣƬ̺һ, ֲ϶ˡ᰼ûʲôʳ, ҲͲˡ
ڵڶɫǺܺÿЩƣü, ȵ
һԭСһһѷɵǰ
Ҳ֪, ԽԽͣСܲסǿѵƵġ
ۿҪ䵽ˣæֽס
һţ³ᰲ˼Ƶģְǿķһ¡
ǿѳˣζڿӡ¶ôĵһĵЦݡ
лл˵
˺ܶࡣ
ˣҡҡͷֿ˳һۣȻչСҪ뿪
üͷ΢šѿڵȵȡ
СĶȻһ٣Բ۾
֪ͨԣһ£ϻ
˵ȡϵСӣһеƻȥԣʱǲ뿪ˡ
˿߳ȥˣʱ򣬷ûССĺɫӰ
²һѵѾˣôǲ˵˴ҲȫˣҪ뿪
ᰲתͷְϵĽ׵ıһ죬һԭСһɵ˯ˡ
ᰲЦһ£߹ȥץֻŽԼѰ
ôģ£һֹѣͻ꣬ġ
˳ʳˮĶ⣬ﾹһСɵǧܡ
һҲûѣ˯鲻ҲƽڵʹҲЩ
ӷڰ齱ߣҲûϨƣô۾˯˹ȥ
۾ʱ򣬷Լ˯ڱϵģЩɻתͷͼǰһɫդ
գգۣһΧܿϳʲô
⾹һɫ
ŭõ۾Ȼʲôô󵨣
ǧܣ͸դ˱۾ĳᰡ
۾룬һǰǱ˻ûأھȻ
ͽ
֪Ͳðˡ
룬ȥˡ
ţһצȥµӱƿһǸ˶׼뿪
ֻǳչܾͣô˲ɵǰĥŴֺݺһ١
ֻǲȶ붯֣ͼ˯ŵüͷеһʦ
Ȼ²ȥˡ
ԭվһȻڳѡһλã۾
**
һ˯óϵĺã۾ʱ򣬷 ڵʹЩ
ᰳֱһССĺɫëǰ䡣
ۼֿĽסˣ־ֻôе
ʶŤͷԵһۿľǽɫƿһ󶴡
̾Ӽ۸ɲˡ
еСһﶯ˶ᰵͷͼֻģ̧ͷԲ۾
˵硣
ȴСȻһ£˻һе¡
Ȼʱ˼˼£ֻȥ
һͼɹģᰵľǺ˺ܶࡣ
ͷֱϵĺӡӣֿһʤߵ̬ëĳɫС̾˿
ˣӣ񲢲뿪Ҳûи״Ĵ㡣룬ϲӾͲ˰ɡ
᰼򵥵ϴ꣬緹ΪǵŮӣ¥ķʳоµ㡣
ᰲôϲģû
Ťͷһ۶ڼϵʢĵõǰ𣿡
ĿϢֻһְۣ۾ˡ
ò׼˻ǲЩ극ʰʱ򣬽̵ˡ
֪Լʱ䲻࣬и΢ЪϢһ£ͱĿ
**
ﾲĵģڳ᰼ͷȫ붨״̬󣬾׼뿪ˡ
ʱ״̬ͲãټϺǡˣƺֽŵҩڸ
ʵҲûãò׻һЩʵڲĳᰣǿˡ
ʱܳ壬ڷ˹֮ϵܹ̼ߡ
ɨһ۷İ裬ɾ»ͦף¥ȷʵܰȫ
᰿ϼ꣬׽ħˣȥ
뷦۵ĺܣ˳һۣҪ뿪
ȻĶһ٣ֻü͸һɺǸоϤĺܡħ
벻ɾ۾
ʱֻôˣȫ˲δע⵽
ϸֳϳ˾ķ֮⣬һħ
ô£
Ȼ뵽һ¡
᰷˹ǣպħ᰻Σա
˹ֻͷŻᱻѣܴӳϸ֮ܵ
ڵķ˹Ѿˡ
˶Գɱ֣˭ڵħô
ɫɵϣͷųᰵ°͡

С
ܿʹͷǺ³᰻й¶ʲôֻ᰾һСӡ
룬Σյ£ǲҪСǣĺá
ĥţϢˣȥϴ¡
æµıɾɴ˸磬Ǽ⣬ΪͻȻһֲԤУ
**
۾ʱɫѾˣԼ
һ£ͷֻɫϣԲ۾
֪ΪΣ᰾ɫеࡣ
ŤͷһɫǸûעѾôˣ𣿡
ȴ৵չĶͷһ¡
뷽ŻһЩ̽һֳڻˡ߰ˡ
ı룬뿪죬ͰԼŪ
ĬĬ룬ҲüϡϴǼһôôο
æµıɾ̲סһ磬ɫһ£ط˼ˡ


99 
ѡһ嵭ʳԶ˵ǰ뿴һ, ת˸, 
ֽʳǰ, Բ´һעġ
̲סһ۳ᰶϱĳĺۣһ, Ϊѵĳڡ
̲סЦ, Ҳ֪Ϊʲô, ǾֻҪǰСһ, ͻ쳣ġ
Сͷ, һº󣬱ջ, 
ʵ֤, ᰵľȷģ¥ܰȫ
յ¥һƬҹ, ö͸ŷƮһк޹, ÿճ˳Է˯µʱ䶼ϡ
ƽȵǰ˼, ֪ǲǷ˹Ǻħǵԭ, ڵ̶̵ʱȫָˡ
죬ûбĿ, ߵߡ
¥һʱˣʱʱ˵Ǵ»Сס, һֱڷвȥȻ˵ȥҲҪ취ѷǮ½ˡ
ϴŪ裬᰻£¥ˣԼ˲СŤ˽ţҪһΡ
罫ȡߡɴñӸϡ˿ֻǹҺߣñ˿
һУһߡɨһڣͼֻͷ˯㡣
ᰳôûС˯Զͻǲǲˡ
ʱּʮģ׷ӷɣ;ǲԼˡ
⼸գ۾ʱܿӰʱȴڷСǲڵġ
ɾһֱûгֹᰱܸмֻĳ֣¶֮·飬Ҳһο塣
ջĿ⣬˷䣬ŵĴϷţʼûзһ˿졣
Ĵ˹䣬˶ķǮ࣬ǼͩʱѾ㹻ˡ
¥Ķͽֶʮ¡ᰶļѣаܼܽþգͷ
ÿղһΣֻ֪ǸҵСүģƵġ
ûã᰾һǮ㹻Сģȴ˱˵ע⡣
ϣᰵķűߵˣΪͷģû뵽վľ˾塣
˾˲䣬ߺɫ΢΢һ䣬ܿ侲λӣ˭
˾岢δߣɫĴ£ֳȣ΢Цر𡭡ɧ
˾̧һֻʳе֣ιӣ¥ڿ˽϶ֲ࣬㣬ͷ
֪˾ʮԳ϶ǲʲôӹ˾еʳУл
˾һЦιӿˡ˵ųᰵͷת뿪ˡ
᰹Ϸţȴ˾ȥֱŶ
ɫһˣ˾Ծڣֻ顱һ죬˾ˡ
ʱ䣬¥ֵʱ򣬴󲿷˶¥¡һרϢĵطûжˣûע⵽ߵĶ
һʳУɿ˾˼С
¥󣬳һֱǱδ˽֣ʱ˾࣬˾һһʽס
ǰǲܵģᰣ˾۵׶ԳһĨ֮ɫ
ųߺ۾Ŀ΢΢˸Ѱ˼Լѵϴˣ
˾񣬳һƽˡ˷վߣĳĬС
ᰲɫع۲˾ɫ Щȷ϶ûϳԼ
ӣǺ⣿
˾Ѹٵ沿飬ͿһǸҼЩϤΪҵһλѣϴ˳ײ˹ӣ¡
û¡
ֻ˾뿪Ϊѣ˾˵˼仰͸ˡ
Ŀ뿪˭˾˼ȻԤϵתȥ
ƿ磬¶ڴϵ衣
ɫһǰֹ˾Ȼתȴϡ
ᰵ룬ˤ˵ϡ
Ŀһ˲ͣƬֻ̺˾ײɫЦղСɾΪ˲٣Ҷûϳ


100 
ɫ˾¥
˾ʮֲߵǰҡеȵŵҶ˵, 淭Ƶ, û뵽¥
Σҽƺ
˾Ŀ˳һ, ҡͷҾһģֻ׬ǮǱߵҲò͡
ᰲεĿ˾, ǰʦڵʱ˾ɲ̬, Ѳ, ȴ˵ˣ
, ˾彫ŷŵϵʳдˡ
ֻʳеʳĶͬ, ˼µС⣬˾ơ
˾彫Ʋ˰, ŤͷԳᰵվ, Ⱦưɣ
˾ֵ̫޺ԭվվ, ߵ
˾嵹, һݸᰡ
ᰲδӹǿ˾۾֪ʦʵݡƶ, ʡ
˾嶯΢΢һ, ᰱ֪Լ¶ˡ
ʵ֮ǰע⵽ˣ˾ʦ̬˵ϲ, ˵ǶŪĳɷ־Ӷࡣ
¥ӣкܶΣ, ȴ˸ڴ¡˾Ϊ¥ˣȻС
˾ˣľž֮١
˵һļѵŵһģȻЩ˵ȥжиԭ
˾ڶݵĳĬ󣬽Ʊŵ˳ǰͷδϣǣʦܾǰܿϧһֱû˭еء
˾˵ڳһ˵ı飬װģĨһ۾ʮѹӡ
ޱ顣
˾Ҳû˼һ˲ɫ˵ʦҵĶˡ
ɫϸ΢ı仯
˾岻֪뵽ʲô۵׸ֳһĨЦ⣺ǺܾúܾǰˣʱͻС
ʱħ֣˽ң˾廹ֻһֻûʲôԱС ɽбѣħսɽ㵹ѹɽʯ֮¡
˾ѲΪԼҪѹɽʯ»ʱ򣬺Ȼоβͱסˡ
˾屻˾βвһֻšʱһЦ˵һ
ܿӦ۾ʲôĲ˵ġˣҰɣҽտ
˱ȽϺ棺ףʲôǲ˽ЩȮ
⻰˾嵱ŭǸ߹ŲļȮ
Ҳ˲Ϻˣһסץסβ͵˵֣ŤͷԱߵɷغȮүү
ֿץβ͵ˣ˷֣ǰ֮˵òʱһ¡
ֻץǸˣīòޱˡ˾㶵ʱ򣬱˵ˡ
ϺǣԭֻС
ôһֻ
һΪû뵽վ˻ģá
٣СӶԺóԵġ
Դ˾عյҪССĽУ֡
ԱߵЦĸˣСôѽ
ҽ˾壬С
˾ΪԼɷģЩ˸Ͳ
Цһ󣬾˾峹ըëʱץĺӵˣĲ֪ʱȥϢɡ
Աߵ½½ɢˣΧĿ
˾ȻЩţ鹾ת뿴ĺÿӣе㺦¡
ã˾¶ģ͵͵תͷΪע⣬öǰ֮˺Ц
һ°ü˾ŵ㣬㿴ʲô
ЦС㷽˵ʲô˾壿ϣɲ
˾壺
Ȼǰ֮˵Ĺעеᣬ˾Ȼûôˣ˵ոЩ˽۾ǵϴǲǸǸˣ۾
˵ɽʯأһƬǽ壬Զһ㵹ĴһԾȵϡ
˾һסӵ֡
֮ŵûǱ˵ŷɵؿϣƯ´˾塣
㻹ữΰɣ
Цģ˵ĻȴʮˣԳܻΣôô
䵽˾ЦſᰣһֻС˽磬俪ǣָ֪һ˰вܻΣ۾ָ㣬Ҳнա
ᰳĬƬ̵˾¥ΪɼΪβڹޣҪ˽磿
˾С˽磬Ϥ˵˽ңڣûôʲôС
˵޺Ҳûʲôأʦɾĺܣ͸
룬ʵɼʦΪλϲ㣿
ɻĵط˾һֻ벻ûӡ
⣬˾һЦֻһһŹ֮С
Ϊ
˾彫ƵǰϹµĵĹҲżȻáϢΪǿ۾Ҳʲô
۵׻һĨɫѹ˶֪¥˵ԭԭ
ڿܰȫѱڵ˲Ѱ
˾ͨΪ˿ܲʲôʵǿЩģͻоϵϢͬһ㡣
ҵģᰵ̫ˣҲաϹŵĹпʮġ
Ҫݹ˾ֵ޷űǡû۾ҿˡͽܣҰǻĶ顣
᰿еɫЩӣл
˾ЦСɾлңҺȾưɡõļѰȿǺȲġ
ᰵ¥ҵּɡһ̸ܹĸܵ˾⡣
ŵһԣƱҾ
˾һ±ӣЦǺǵɡ


101 
˱߳ԱģյǢ
ʱŷ, ˾廹ͦĵ, ֻǵΪ˾Զб˼, һֱų⡣
տǰĲԡ
ᰴ˼˾Ⱦ, ̬һֱܺá
, ܵ˳, ˾ڵ, Ҷ˵, Ѱ㣬ƺµ
ƺ, ɫ˳
˾ƺйϵ
̧ͷ, ˾ɫЦŶӲˡٲ², ˲ƺɣ
᰻˾, Ƭ̺¾Ʊ¥Դ˺񲢲⡣
˾৵չ, Цǽ˵, ǻʲôӶ˲Щ˿ɲһδ, ȴ֪ǻֻǷ˻𡣡
ᰵͷ, ˾֪ݵģ뵽һҲ֡
ֻϧеЩ˲֪飬һֱΪ۾Դڵ۹
˾˵ƺڵ۾꣬ϲϲ˻ȴɱ֣жè塣⣬۾ȸ˻˵ʮ㣬ĴΣգ۾δ֣Ǳʲô°ס˽Ų˲
תеľƱȻͷоһɫʦҲƺȻ޼ɵʦľز̫á
˾ͷ˵еʣɾںδ㲻Ѱİ
΢΢šüһ˵Ҳֵֵ֪Ρ
ƺȨŵӾܣŶ֪٣ᰲðκηա
ΪĿǰƽлὫ˾ȳ
˾̾йǶԵģ˭뵽ƺħϵѱɾû⡣ʵ벻ףƺŵĵλ֮ߣΪҪôħ嵽ʲôôԼľˡ
룬֪Ϣ˾壬ֻǱܹ׵û˵
˾һĲղסӣƺħ壿⣬⡣
üͷѹƺ㲻ãԭ֪ݣҪɱڡ
᰷ָ߬ˣ봹ӣĿϵĳһϡ
ƺҪɱΪԭ
ᰵԺвɸ׸˵Ļĵ׽ӿһɽꡣ룬ʦڵôӣƺû˺
ƺǸҡ
һֱѹĵ׵ġⲻȥΪ˾һ̸ȫð˳
ɫԹԵƺԼ˼
˾᰺ȵĺæסƿɲôȣ
˽Ƭ̣֣۾Ǹе㷳
˾彫ƺʳУϸӺŵû£⡣
ֵɫ̫ãЩϢɣǱ㲻õģһ˶ŵģͰ¥ס¡
ᰵл¥⣬Ҵڴ˵˾뿪
¿¥ȷʵȫѱƺҹ¥ֻ⣬£˾鷳
˾֪ʲô˵赣ģ¥ƹ¥ô꣬δ˸¡ʹƺҲֲúô
˾˵Ҳ᰾ܾĻᣬİôˡΨһҪģǺúƺһս޿ɱġ
ųᰣ۵׸ֳһĨȰЦ⣺˻󣬶һ󲻵ãȴ˹ǣ֪жҪĽ㡣
΢΢һͼ˾գգۣˣʦһϹѪ˹ǣҵ۾
˾̧һ³ǰ򣺡㽫˹ǰǲҪ׳ˡȻЩ˲籾¥ˣ˼Ķ࣬ѱǲϲʲô⣬֮Ҳҡ䲻ʦȴҲָһġ
˾˵⻰ʱǺ棬Цŵģİ֮ģȴеĸܵ
ĵײӿһů⣬ֿ˾л
˾ҡеӣЦн׿۾Ҷϵ̸ʦͽ˵ƢԶܶҵθڡСѣ˾ĳ˽ˡ
˾һʱ䲻ˣЩϢҾȸˡ
ᰵͷ¥
á˾һۣʲôƵĿᰣˣҴϳ˸֮ܵ⣬һЩӣ£Щˣ
Գһܿ
ħ岻ãټϷ֮ѹƣ˾ֻԼȴȷʲô
񣬵һ·һͨյİҲվѣģĴ׷ɱҵˡ
ˡ˾ʣﲻʣ
ҡͷ˾˼һˣ̫ˡκβʣǵø˵ʦڣҲĳ
˾ϸֵЦݣЩεƿĿ⡣
˾嵹ûвɫˣվɣЩϢ㡣
˾壬ȴȽһʱûվΣȻˡ
˾̲סЦ˺ˣˣúϢɡ
Щȣ˾尲οû£Сǿġҳմƣһȥ˯ȥˣ㻹˺üأѾ
ᰵ¥
úúá˾ЦҲ˵˵˰ɡ
ſֺϣֻʣ³һ˵ʱǰˣϧûһ;Ƥأſ˯ˡ
ѰŻᣬܿƺĶĿٴγ¥ʱ򣬾ͼſϡ
ųһԵļϣ౽ʾѣֻһΣûһʱ俴΢ЦŸ˵
ԭشһ̲סɵϡǡڳֱۼĿ϶ǰͼ˫Ŀ΢գ˯졣
ǳĺɨᵽһɾ
ҿ˿ŷϰžƲˡо񣬸ݷвдϢܿͲµ᰺ȾƵ˾塣
뿴˯ĳᰣ԰˿˾岢뺦
ֻǡ
ͷĳᰵָ⣬ȴָ΢飬ûҪѹӡĵ̾˿̫ˡ


102 
ֻӴξƣǲƵġȴһ, ζ, ֪˾Ƽá
Ĳܿ챻, ҲίԼˡ
ֻССɢɫĹΣһ޳ӰֻǲӰʵ, ٴα˻ȥ
, ̥ľɼ, ټˡ, ˲ν󡣲ʲô, ǲ׷ġ
ֻںâ˸Ǽ, , ȡ֮һ绪ĺӡ
뿴Լ޳ָ촽ϵľƺοķֻʣһ, ЦⲻɸŨ
ɨһ, ûֶľƱֱþƺ
ľǻ, 벻۾ڳᰶ, һߺȾһ߿ԼСͽܡ
Ŀⲻ֪˳ᰵϣ뵽ǰڳϲħ, ޳üһ¡
ǰЩӣ, ҲǿŲ˼ᰡ̽ᰵյǿһԡ
ţ뽫ƺһ飬޳ָͰ˳ϣֻǲһ;һ
ˡ
ԭ˯ˣ˯к˴Լ˹
ѹĳᰲûжپģģзֶһˡ
ΪϴƷ£뱾㿪ģϳԲѵĿʱ򣬾ʹͷ
̬еԭأ䴽¶һĨЦݣϣˣ
һְסͷ΢΢üŶɵ㡭
Цȶˣ¥㡣
ƫͷȷ˾¥
űƵĳᰣЦѣȴǲԣһҡ
ǹųᰵú˵Ҽɫ̫ã¥ͨЩ֮᪻Ҹ㿴
˵Ҳȳᰴ𸴣һѿס˳ᰵ
ֻȻû̽ʲôΪһסֹ֣Ķ
һûֻõ֡
ûɿͽһʦ𣬵Ц˭ʦСɾĺ
̧۵״һĨЦ⣬ֻǵϳġЩѹʱЦݱһЩ
ᰵʦᰶᰶղðᰶ
ų᰿ģ뵽ЩܵĿ࣬Ҳٶ
ΪʦûȰţҪ᰽ɿò鿴һ
ֻǺĳᰲʱô˵Ŷ֣Ƶġ
ĵȰһֳЧоԼάֲ˶ˡ
׼ǿнֳʱ򣬾ᰵʦ𣬶ԲᰶûáǰеΣҲΪҵֵȴΪЩʲôһŬģԺ㡣
⻰ڶУʮοЦã˵ģΪʦˡ
ЩԵĿŶϵЦݣصͷᣬȴʮ棬ǳŵһ㣺ʦҡᰶܿͻȥ޽ġ
⻰̲סЦһֻᰵͷЦȥ޽ΪʦţͲҰĵǲС
ܿЦ⣬գ¥ΪʦܰġģΪʦȥתת
ᰲ֪ûУĿһֱڶϣգ۶áеɵġ
ȤĳᰵգôΪʦʲô
һץסҵ֣ŵʮȻһ£ʦᰶ㡣
͵ջֱֻ֣ϻŷųᰵͷʱĴУȵģеˡ
Щڡ
һָ⣬ᰣøᰶϡ
ᰵĿ̹϶ңȫûʶԼʲô
ƽʱǽһӣҲǶϲڶǰ¶ֱġ
һƬţֻȼʱž졣֪˶ã̾ᰶ
ˣõ۾ܸһСƹƽϲɡ
Ӧһ˯ɡ
Ѿˣĳ᰸޷̸Ҫ˵̸ˡ
һȴſϡ
뿴ų᰽յ˫ֿۣǽյ֣̲סһüġ
ƣԺǽ˵ĺá
**
Ϊ뽫˴ϡ
ֻ״̬ųߵ齱ߵʱ򣬽²ȣֱˤϡ
һæңڽᰰˣϱӣִһȷ˯˲˿
סᰵһ̽һ
ںâһ֧άֲ˱
¥һƷװζǼõģⷿеıһ
ıУʮְգԲˡڱв˲䣬ų۾
룬̽£ֻܹʱ˵ˡ
**
ǱѵģЩͷۡ
ŶͷƳıһ졣һǼղС
ԭƱӵĶͣѾˣ뱻ˡ
뿴˳һֱۣܿ۾ҹóΣЩǿƣ۵ҪúϢ
ڲҲЩôģ˵᰿岻ʣֻΪû˯
ָ˶һ£ӭ
ŵ˴ǰԼ˱ˮˮʱע⵽˾˵ϡ
ᰵˮ߹ȥָʱһģĻԺи֡
ɫ΢΢һ䣬ʦ𡣡͵վֱ壬ȥ
ϧľʧˣֻ谲ڴϣƶûб
벢ûл
µϲúڴͻȻΪĭóᰵĵһƬãһݺݱ۾


103 
˾ϸģϻѾ
᰺֮, 緹ܵĳһ, ˾ĹֻԺгȫǶӰ, ޷ġ
֪һԼ˼̫һΣǶĳֹ
˽ĵϣģٴԽġܻǶľٶ, Ҳϣġ
ĵҲһ, һвġ
ҳһ, ʦƽ, ܷƺΪȴܡʦȻ, Ϊʲô˵ôһˣ
˼ǧüͷԽԽ
衣


ҡ
̯֪ϻȥ, ϸ΢óٿػ
ͷһ˲Ȼʶ, ʱ䲻࣬ڲǷĵʱ
᰽ԭã񽥽üᶨ
֪, һǲ, Ҫȥġ
ʦҪȣŵͬҲҪ, ƺ, ҲһҪΪԼΪۡ
¶ģҲ㽥״̬
ڰ, ˯һƫͷͿ, ˫΢յĳᰡǷ۵ʱ򣬲ûע⵽ϥϵֻ
뿴˳һϮ۾ٴ˯˹ȥ
**
˵ҳ᰺˽ǰȻȡж¶Լ
Դӳ᰽¥ֻҹһΣûʲôᰵֵɣǱ̶һ£˾Ĺɡ
һµʱ䣬ҲһЩų˯ʱ̽һȴʲôûо
öЩɻĥţĪ̫о˴
ᰲ֪˼ʦÿն߾ţù
ÿճò͡Ϣ⣬ʱȫϡ
˾Ǹܺõʦİ£Ѹٵ˲ٿط˻ľϡ
ͬʱϢҲԴԴϵĴ
ʵ˾æϵ¥תһȦ֪ϢЩϢȴҪ˾¡

ϵǣƺһֱδŵ֡
üͷ΢š¥˼ǣƺֻʦǣδ˺κһˣ
ʱǰϰڷŲˮģ˾һڲ裬Цû˺ͬţǺ£Ϊɫѿˣ
ҡҡͷɫ
ƺ˴µʣɹţΪԷһӦѰһŵֲŶԡٳٲ֣Ī㣿
Ұͷɻʵ¥ûʦϢ
˾ҡҡͷûУģҵһֱڰѰ֣һһʱ㡣
鷳¥ˡ
˿˾ˣһҪ˵ҵڵϢʱ꣬Ѱ㡣
ᰲδϣɫδץ͵˺ܶࡣ
˾ЦǼ񲢷ΪͶ£˽Ǽ껭ҿ
ŵݵǰĻֻý˹ȥ򿪿һۣɫϸ΢ı仯
˾Цӣʶˡ
ᰵĿڻϵһϡǻĺֺֻܴģϴЦûжǳӡ
δ˳ϵвƣ༸ˣҲЩӡ
һҺͯʱѣһһЩ顣
ҿҲǱܿڵĶĿд⣬ҵҲǹʱ꣬İΣѰ㡣
˾ųᰵɫҪҪһ棿
ᰳĬҡͷ
˾ԴɻĿ⣬͵ǰ˱ɾ¡ڡܼǡ
ҲԶʱĻ䱸ֻųº󣬱ɾƺߵĺܽɲ
ɾ˾Щ죬Ǵδ˵չӡ
ᰵ֪µ˲ࡣ
˾峤̾һ˼ǲܣˣҪȻҽ㣬ˡ
ҡҡͷһ뿪ʱ򣬴ϵĹöʵĹӡ
˾״ЦƷ֣ϲ˸һ̹ȥ
лˣž㹻ˡ
ӷһԹζͬģһƵ㡣
ԳԵģʵ⣬ǰж룬ķһֻɫ
ǰûֻ֪ĺܣƽﲻôԶҲֻθڵģŻһЩ
Գƽζʳʶһ㡣Ȼ󲿷ʱʳﶼŻˣҲû
Ҳϰˡ
¥ѵӹ¶Ҽį飬ᰲ֪Լܲܳȥ
Զֻĳ֣ʮָм
ڳѽֻԼļˡ
᰻صеʱѵƵʱ֣ˮϴŵСУǰ
ڰģֻȼյ֪˶ãȶ
ϸ΢Ǹоˡ
̧ͷǡÿһɫССӰԼ˹ǰϡ
ղСһͷųᰣǴкƵġ
ɨһ۽յķźʹЦĶÿ죬ҶûǴӺδġ
⻰ЩƿĿ⡣
ڵķ˹иӦ̼ߡ
ڳҲû룬ǰƣ׼ġ
뿴һ۱ƵǰľµıɫСӣö̰ɫĹӡ
սˣֻ˱ǣһڣζϵĺá
ĵͷһһڳ
ϲ۵׸ֳһĨЦ⣬ֻǺܿһǳ룬ʦô죬Բķ᲻˺ܶࡣ
ܿһöӣʮֲڳϲ˲ͣһ̧ͷȴĿڲ֪ĳڷ
Ӷ벻ҲԸоŵıʸᰴ˺ܴӰ졣
ССͣÿնһףʵá̧ϸ۵צڳֱϰһ£ϧᰲûзӦ
룬ǰֻȥʱСʲô
ֻžһ촫ͷͼһ֧ɰʹ
ɺɰǰŵֽŪˡϸһֳǰŵĲֻֽͨƵĵͼ


104 
һ춯˳ᰵ˼ͷһ, ɫһ䡣
᰽ɰʼŵһ, ҲȥѰ֮Ķ, ֱӲ
˾һ̸óᰶƺĿЩɻ.
˼ȥǽŵͼ˳, ϣЩͷֻû뵽⡣
ᰵķӦܿ, ǳһ
¥ڵɰƵ, һȾ, Ǻѳȥġ
ųüͷ, Ҳ֪Լˣѵе㲻˼ֻǴʱҲЩʲô, ֻһԿš
æµɨվֱߵͷĶ, һУŵԼϣ, û¡
뱾ȥϸܲܲһ, ܽӴʱ򣬺Ȼһ
ϵķ֮޷ĵز
Ƕڵķ˹Ӧ, ˵ǹ΢ĩķϢܲˡ
۵ײһĨɻɫڵʱ, ־ʲô
üǰĵͼûע⵽϶Ͷ̽Ŀ⡣
̯ĵͼϳǰһȦĺ, ˷մȾϵĴɰӡ
һųڻм䣬ԵΪŹ֡ۡ
׼ȥȡЩˮ, ʱɨʲôһ١
Ȼ̧ͷĿڵͼϵɰϣֻɰλãȻš
š
ɨһԭȱȦ壬һ뷨Ժг͡͵һ౽Դ˱ʾɻ
ҲʶԼָ̫Ĳ˲ë
ԭվһŻ¡
ڶգ뷢ֳԽ̿
ڷдһ죬Ҳû˼׼Щʲôʱ򣬷űˣ˾⴫
붨״̬޷Ӧ˾վվҲµʲôûþ뿪ˡ
ŽԶȥĽŲĿ΢΢һ
*
ʱ¥ֵʱ
˾ӳ᰷ǰ뿪¥һȦŻصԼķ䡣
ͦãӹ˹ԣȻһϢ
˾ɫδ䣬йȴ͵֣ȥ
еŤͷЦѣˣαضزأ˾ĳһ
ΧĬ
Ƭ̺ڴȶ˾͵תͷϵЦݲάֲסֻһֻƴСȶų˷ڵϡ
һһڰײ˾̲סǡ
ССһֻΪܰڳһеƣǲס
ĵλ˴ĳ˴󵨣¥Ĵҷɣѵǽ¥Ĺص裿
ֻߣ̽Ϣģƺ
ţ˾۵׵ɫ
ԽԽпܣϾ֮¥㣬ɭϲ˵н.
ֻͨȻû취ģҪ˵ע⡣
˾һ˼ܿ⡣ȥ˳ִӹһöϴʹӡ
Сһɲĵط
˾վڶǰЦŽӵݹȥǳ¥Ͳƽˡ˾ͻȥ˰ɡ
뿴˾壬ֿݵǰĹӣԱŲŲܾ֮ʮԡ
˾ЦһԼУö벻֣ȴ뻹Ǳܿˡ
˾۵һĨ㵵ɫܿУٴϮȥ
δս
˽ʮغϣ˾嶼ûܽסûһƬë
˾ζû뵽гһԼһֻСû취
ҪǴȥҪҪˣ
˾һַ̧ɿؽһӡֻһķڿᣬС
ǷڲС˾Цһ޵С¥Ʒ㡣
䣬ͼһɫĻܳ
˾һŻмһīӡ
ͻȻֵĺɫӰ˾㶣㡭
УӰת¶һס˾һϣΪŵ۾
*
˾ֻ˺̵ܶʱͷ
ܹоںɫ䲢޵ǡ֪ŵİС
ͨһ㣬˾岻˿ͬʱҲЩɻ󣺡۾ȥᰣʲô
˵䣬ݺõĲ롣
ӹȥñƲȥƯĲҶΪᰶѰ㡣
Ŷ˾вµһЩǵ۾֪ʲô
ǡһ죬뽫Ǹǻȥȴûش⣬˾庬Цǧ겻СôˣΪο
˾۵΢ȴĵı飺۾ϳˡҪ벻ҿɾҪȥˡ
һɫڴ˾ȥƵġ
˾æҰɡı飬ֿ۾㲦һˣҲƽ󣬸нա
룺Լб£ûҲһΪ
˾彻֣ܵһ˿ϤϢҲ벻˾徹ǶǰӷС
Ϊ۾ΪǿҪϢûܲ˾岻ͬ
˾Ϊ֮£òϢŶԡ
㽫˳˾嵹Ǻ˵˳
°͵˵㽫ǹᰶ
õ϶Ĵ𸴺󣬶һˣҾͷˡ
źħ˵һЩδ͸¶ࡣ
˾ǴˣҲδ׷ʡ
ˣȻ£ǱˡܿСᰶչˡģ׳ġ
˾۾ְ𣿡
Цˡ
۾˾Ȼס룬Ȼƽ£Ϊβ߳ᰣһֱܵ㡣
ᰶӣ֪ˣ϶ҡ
գ
ЦһûзϣսɱǴ˵£С۰ͱġ
˾ǵ۾ûѾˡӣ䣬ʦߡô࣬Ȼ͡պǳ԰㡣
봹ָ΢΢һֱƻܸоǵ¶ȣ̵ˡ
ԼǵãƵĳ᰿˵Ҫ
ЦЦûлش˾⣬ֻԭؽһû˶Ӱ
˾忴ϲ豭Щͷ۵üģ۾û˵ҪҪ߳ء
صеʱ򣬳붨״̬ų䵽ǰͷ
֪˶ãᰳŨܵĽëһ۾
һͷͿ˶ǰĶ룬Цһ£Ǹ˰ɣЩԵĹ
˵űȥ
ʳܿ챻ѡˮĵȥƤгɿƵ˶ǰ
ͷһڣ۵ζڿл˳һۣӼᶨԭ뷨
óգ᲻á
**
ʱţ֪ʱôȥˡ
£䣬ǰһ뻹գһܾͱ裬Х
ʱҹ
ưһſɨһ̴ںи
ȻһˮָԶǿ쿴иˡ
硢̴ĲУˮʪ䣬˵ˮԵϹ˵֪Ƭʲôضôˡ
ʲôضˮģ治
ӵ塣
˵һ͵ˮ֣Ļﲻ޸пʮǰħӵȫˡѾķϺܶˡ
ǰǶʱ䲻֪жٴֵ꣬Ļ̵̻ġ
˼졣
һ˵˽Խȫˣû˵ħ¡
ǣƺɾȺħ嶨Ȼŵƨ
ᵽƺ˺˶ļһ㣬٣ɲǡɾɾ֣ûħˡ
ǰǰǿǵ۾ұۣ
Ūò˽ħ壬ȫˡ
˿ƺͱɾһҲ˺ɻ󣺡˵λɾôģŵȺ˱ˣôһֱǣ
һ˴ŵŻǸгᰵģһֱ𣿿ץסԴ˷ڰɡ
ʲôڣˣǸСӲһ·ɱһ·ҿŵĶʲôö
˵ţһ˵ӣһֱʲô
Ƿ˵˵ˮ֣һͬ䣬һָźǡȷǴȫˣ
˿ĭɫףҿи˰վþˣһֱûߡ


105 
˽ŵɫתͷ߿ȥ
һ, ɫǴ䡣
ֻԶĺվһˡ
ڵҹ, ֮ܿ, Ϊվںߵһյơ
ѽйһ˲ҽг
һ˶, Ǳ˴˶, ۵׽ǿ־塣
ӿ޳ˣ, ⲻӵԩɣǲʬꣿ˵
˵ʲôһֱĬĴڿȥ, ʲô, ҪԼȥѴȥ
˴, ȥ
ָźô, ŵڵȴǹȥһ̡
ӵûˡķô꣬Ѱ˭ᵽô, Ҵû
¾ɡͷ˿ڵĻ, Ĩȥϵˮ˵, ǵϴһ, ϶ˡģҶ, ܰͰɡ˵ɾĹ, һ̫ƽ˷ˣûʲô˵ǡ
󸱵һϯ˵ͦеܿվߣԣ⼸û˵ħϮ̴¡ôˣϻ˼֮ ûʲôµġ
˺ܿͳһ󸱵ͷãȥ˵һ
Ϸ˴̴ķһſߡ
ˣ˷վڰߵһӡ
һֳɡһֻһյںҡڡ
һµˮ͵ƻμ£尶ϵ˻ֵ٣ѣǲʲôѣҪһ𣿡
˵Ǳлˡ
ӵʮᣬˮ㶣ɶһ䣺Сֵܣضķ϶ˣ㵽ʲô˵ġ
ϵЦЦˣʱĹˡ
ӵˣ
˵ţСʱͰˡǡ¾ͻ
˺꣺ߵ磬Сֵһ£ǰѴȥ
ءϵ˵ǺһЩ
ϵ䲻ԣˡһ˲ͼϵһԾգ۵Ĺ˴ϡ
˶ˡ
Сֵԭ֮ˡһǰΪβֱӹڰߵôá
˵óȻǰŵǡ
ǲȥô죬ѵҪڰվһҹ
ЦЦû˵ʲô
󸱴Ⱥ߳Ц˵ˣ⺣Ϸ˴СֵܸҵɣȾ˷纮
˵ȥˣֲŷ˵δմһ˿⣬һץ˵·Ūʪˡ
ЩȣƢܺãδƽЩл
ȥţҴĴ󸱣ڴʲôҪֱҡ
˵ͷе塣
æֵСֵܱһͨ˿ɵ塣ֱӽҵְɣҽš
˵:ôС
˵̤ڣŻ⣬ڿ˵ĳࡣ
ֻɫ£ݣʷǷ
ǷۿһԾı£ŴǻΪǸ˼СүȻɵķ롣
Ŵ󸱵ˣ֪Сֵܽʲô֣ĸɵĸͽ
˵նΣֱӽҵ־ͺá˶٣ֵɣʦ͸¶¡
ˣСֵ˵ﻰŴЦ䲻ˣҲ֪ɶԼĹءҼֵܵı£ɿ϶˲á
ЦЦû˵ʲô
ֵܣ㻹ûԷɣŴ󸱵ҿϾͣˣҲ׼ԵˡߣҴȥ
ҲǳһŴ˷á
ŴϣһͣǾͿʼ׼ԵˡûãоƮʳζ
Ŵųһʳվ
ֵȳԣȥ濴Ѷ˴ϵֵܣˣǻȥϢҪʲôֱӸ˵
ᰵãл
Ŵ뿪ûã½½һЩˣлмʿ
ǼʿɢϢǲǳͬһɡǵദģʽҲİˡ
Ǽʿ˷ʳڳԱߵںƮˣЩҲܻ䴬ϵˣܿ콻̸
һ˵ʱ䣬ǽܵ¥ɣ
ᵽ¥ᰵĶһ١
һ˵ûⳡˣ͵¥ˡү°
᰾⼸˻ͦȤģǻ˼¥һ̶ĵطʱҵƵġ
ţ̾ҡҡͷЦˣңƨ£ǵ¥Σ¥˵һƬ½ǶҪ˵ˡ
ܣ
вɷһ˿ɻ⻰Ǻ⣿
ļ˱߳Ա˵ʼΧ¥
ԭƬ̣սһ飬ǰλɾǷ˵¥ʲôԣǷʲôˣ
Ӷ¥¸ȤΪĺӿųЦڵ¥ƼǷǳΣյġӲ֮ˣĪҪȥˣüиĸġ
ȥˣᰵΪԽ˾ĹҲøӴ졣ʱһ˿Ҳδй¶ЩȻͨˡ
Щʿζ뵽վǰÿˣǰȫͨꡣ
ЦЦ˵λ磬Ҿе档
ļʿƢͣǼվţԱŲŲճλӡ
˵
Բƴǣл
λ磬¥Ĵ˵ţ˵ǵطʮѰܶһҲһ˵¥Ϊʮָǿôδ˸¥¡Ƿ˵¥֮⻰Ǻ⣿
ǼʿӶЦµʿСֵͲ֪˰ɣ¥˰
ʿĽ˵£᰺ܿŪԵɡ
ԭ¥֮ܶΪ˾ֻһСɫȴռݺϵһƬأֱ֪ߵغЩ˾һѵ
ʱ˹¥£Ҫٵ˾Ѫκ˾岻ô۸ġЩҲļһһȫ˳ȥ
¥ҲǸʦʦġʦ˵Ϊǵ̫ˣ¥ӷڵϴ̨˶̨սʤ㽫¥
ᰵͷ˵⻹˾ܸɳ¡
û֪¥˵ĺܣ˵ǧսߣûһʤ
˵ʿ˫ͨ죬ö֮¥̨ԣͳ˴ͳ˵ÿ꣬¥Ҫúһء
Աһ˲޸п˵ܶ˶ⳡ̨ø¥дһ¡ˣҲܳʶǣ
¥ôãǵһ˵¡Щɴǲҥ
ˣСֵܡǼʿЦ°ȷʵģǵҲһţ¥Ѿ측ںˡʲôܼͣһ¥ƭǣ
һȷʵЩ
䲻¥Ĺ죬̺ľ޴䣬Ҳڶ
λ˵ǡᰵҶˡ
˼䣬׼ȥϢ˽еʲô
׷⿴ȥܿһʿתͷĴУ¥¥ˣˣ
¥
¥ˣһμ¥޺ˡ
Ǽʿ˷ܵĴ󺰴У꾭̵ҲŹ¥һʱ̴ˡ
һʿŤͷԳЦ٣Сֵܣ㲻һֱ¥Ȥãһ̣һȥô


106 
ʿϴŵĲЦݣ΢΢һ
¥, һֱǳ, ǰһʱδ̤¥, һֱͷҲΪҪ֤
ǰʱŵ˶ɱ⻹ô, һθܵ˵⡣
ĵײɸһɸӵζ, ĬƬ̺ͷ, ǾͶлˡ
̴ϵ˸, ᰸Ǽʿŷ¥
˵, 籩Ա˽֮⡣
ɨһۣȻֵϾرˡеľ, ǰǴδġ
һ¥, һ۲Χͬʱ룬ǰ˾˵Ҫȥһ, ˾̬Ȼһ, Ҳû¡
Ǿ²Ҫ
ϸһ£᰾ÿ
˲, ȴ֪˾ϹѪ, Ҳѷ꼸֡
¥ɣӺô꣬˾Ҳû, ֻһС°ˡ
ϵ, ܿͬеһʿȥ˼߹
һһϣ᰼ָһҴˣ̨¥ڣǱߣǹȥɡ
ʵ˵Ҳ׼ǱȥġܸоǸǿһ˾ġ
Χ̫ˣ᰼ųֻǰŲû߶ãͬеļ˾ȵ󺹣ֲͣá
һ˵ףֵܣ㲻𣿡
ת¶ȣȻǲȵģЦЦµͣȡ
Ŷʻ˲δ룬һ󣬾ǰҵĻ
ǵˡǰʿ
̧ͷͼǰҽˣ˵ǣ̨ĹߣվҲܿĺ
ֻ̨֮ϣ˾һƽ£ҡһȣվ
Ķ棬һʿųӵ˳˾һҾ̨
³Χһ
˽е¥䣡

ֳ˾ʤԽֻ̨˾彫һѹΧ
˾𣿡
Ƭ̣Ӧ˾ЦⳡԱڽʱڼȻǰô

˾ȶʱһӰԾϸ̨
¥̡
˾৵ؽһգ̾ٵ˵¥ΪϢˡȥҪˡ
˾һ̨¿ʹЦֹ
˺ܿ˾彻֣ΪĻ˾߸С
᰿ſţĲһ˿ǰһȻɨھ̨ԶһС̽СӵСԴ
Ǹ˾ߵСͯ
һ˵ע̨ϣĳǼȥԶͿСͯҧ촽üǵǡ
Ϣؽ뷿УſڵСͯĽŲһǿ˭ʱ۾৵
ᰣڻˡ
СͯһһҵΧųᰣĸ첲ᰣȰȰ¥ɡ̨ûϢˣôԵ
᰽˷󣬱ϵߣʱ⻰һ죿
һӦС̫ͯ˾壬˵Щ
Сͯɫصͷ¥ǧˣֳҲΣͷһμôսߡ¥켸ų̂
⻰᰽ĿͶԶ̶̵̨Ĺֻ̨һսߡ
᰿һ޳ü̲ס΢΢š
ӷż̨ϵ˾忪ʼĵ׾оһھĹ۲죬˾ϵȷʵĹ࣬ǲóֵġ
֮˲֪ܲ¥ĵλ˾Ϊ¥ˣ֮£Ϊλôǰս
ǳţ»Ǳ˶¥ڲٿ£
ڳ˼ʱ̨ϵս֮ˣɽһվ˳
һԾֳ̨ٴ¡
Ѱ˿Щ̨˿ֻոȾѪҪһչ֣ȴôΪ
ǰκȻƺһΣʶܹ񵽺ֵز
ĳɳҲǸ¶Ըȥһõĵꡣ
ᰵȺзܵϣս˾¥Ա𣿡
Сͯ۰Ͱ͵س̨ĵĲУ᰿ڶһ£Ӧ϶ϲЦݡ
ᰣǲа취ˣ
Сͯ˾ĸס¥졣֮䴦ͬһ㡣
Сͯ¶εĿģҲ̲ס¶һĨЦݣһͷ
ۣ̫ˣСͯССĻһͬھȥù
Ƿܿ챻͵˳С
¥ʵ治С̶̵ĹǲǼЩսߵǵĳɶһ
᰷ɿؽɨһ飬ȷ룬սൽ˲ĵز
ͷԵСͯ׷ٵЩ˵𣿡
ȻСͯصͷ
¥Ŀжһдźӣ¥˿ʱǵ١
ǲЩ˻ὫӶΪһû֣Щ¥н粽С
Щ壬ǣ򽫻Σ
¥ֵʱ̨ȶǰЩǲ뿪ġһСͯȫڵϡ
Цá½ߴϣ뿪˷䣬Сͯæȥ
*
ûʱҵϵˡûɵֱȥʣСͯڰšͨˡȥѡ׻
Ⱥʿֵֻĸҹӣûʲô
һϵļ˽̸ĬĬ˻صСͯ
һСͯᰣǲǾЩ⣿ôͦġ
޳ü΢΢šҲɻĵطżǼˣʡ̸¶ˣ˵ĿҲͬ
˵볤ʶе뿴Լ¥֮Ĳࣻеô˻ᣬύ˾ѡ
ĵĪԼˣЩʵû⣿
Ϊ˲˵ע⣬ҵλöܷɢʱλ¥һ¥Ĵ
̨¥ڲҲۼ˺ܶˣ˴ƻ̨ͨŮ輧ݾʵıݡ
Уڶ࣬վһؾԵʮְˡ
ĬƬ̣һСͯڵᰣǻҪϵ𣿡
˵ŵͷһŵĶϵͦ඼ڸģҪȥ¥ϣĳҲС
СͯĻû˵꣬Բ̨ϴŮӷŭ
λء֣š


107 
Ůӵһ˵Ŀⶼ˹ȥ
̧ͷ, ̨ϵһ輧˾ˡ
輧һʮ, ֻͨ, 룬˵Ųɲ/ȻǺȶˣƷ衣
Сͯ̽ͷ̨Ͽһ, ˡ
д, ¥Сȫ֮, ֻղ, ǵնǼõġ, ¥̻֮˲ɣᱡǵˡ
˵ų̨ȥ᰽
̶̵Ĺ, ̨ѾΧ˿ֵˡһСͯڳ, һСȺܿͼǰ档
̨¥̴ӽ룬ϧ輧Ӳˡֱػӿǰ̴, ܲ˵ٴȥ̨ϷŭĹ
Ǽ̴ӼȰ˵, ԳŭɫǡڴʱһɫȹװСͯԾϸ̨
Ǽ̴һСͯ, ۾ʱһܰ, ȥ⡭
ܰŮͯһС֪, ½Ҵ
ڴŵĶ¥ĳͣǽ֪ܰö˾ĸ, ʱܰ۵ײ¶Ϸɫ
Ҳ˸̨£ȴӲܰû˵仰Ͳͷض
ܰöòƺͯΪȴǲͣӺܿһк
ܰɨһſڵϵӣŤͷԸȥȡѾλѾơ
˵꣬·ѵСġ
ܰͷͼԭſڵϵ˲֪ʱվ
ڴšüͿȼŽַ£վڶܰ
ܰ΢΢ü˵ʲôͼкһһ˲񽣼ɱ
ܰɫһ䣬ϸ۵ָڰһһǰɡǽŸͱˡ
ѵ첻ܰһ£ڳҲȫˡ
⣬ô£ǵΪô࣬ѾͷĽ磿
ѽҲ̫ˡ
ֿ̨ܰʼһֵĴ򶷡δ򶷣˾̥һ㣬ܰ£һʱֲúô
֪˶ãֻܰзһƺߣ˵ɳȥˣ۵¶һĨЦ
ֻҽڵһ̤һ֧ҵļ㳯ܰ׷ȥ񽣼ֱָܰĿڡ
ɫһ䣬˾ɱ֡
̫ܰղӦ̨Χ۵˵Ҳ̲סǷ·ԤҪĲҾ硣
ȻĲѪһƵĺʣǺˣүүȰ㲻Ҫ£һʰ
˻񣬷̨ϲ֪ʱһ޳ӡ
ӲǱˣǳᰡ
ᰵܰǰסӵֹĶڳܰ򱻳̨
㣬û°ɣ
û¡ܰС԰ףȴǰοĵãһʱˡԳᰵлλӳȡ
һΪܰϸ˼еůģûʲôҸġ
Ӽ᰾˼˵ĵײһɱӵŭ
Сӣүү𣿡һ˵һ߷Ҫѳᰵǯơ
תͷߺһ˫ƽ޲ǰˣԤ׵֡
ûзΪֻǱص˵ϡΧһЦ
Ц̼ӣֻŭһὣŴȥֻδȽӽᰣ˾ͱһǿɳȥ
ӽʵʵˤ˵ϣͷԲһѣ
ģпվڲԶ̬ʵĳᰣ伫ȲʣҲ֪˸֣涯ԿֻԼ
ֿվڳŮֻͯüšȻŭδһת⡣
ֻҡҡλεվһְͷһγѵģϣô£
װģػܣһңһȶͷԲѾͰСû˰ɣ
˵ţѾ͵ˣҲñ˴룬˹Ѿһ
ĩĨĨͣСã㣬ǡģҾ֡
ӸԼ̨ӮΧ˵Ͽɣȴʵʵڱˡ
¥꣬ɫˣһ۾ͿǰӸû²֪ĵزͷѵĺܣǳ˾Ѳ¡
ܰõ֣ǰһ͹˵ﻰǻܸһ˼ƽϲɣ
ӺٺһЦҹң¥ľζ̫ãһСľͺȶˡ
ܰԲЦл˿ޡ
Ӽ״֪¹ȥˣв͵¥Ҳˣ׾Ūȥˡ
ܰһתŵֻǿ͹ٻǵһ¥ȶصģ˶͹һ㣬¥һ첻֪Ҫˡ
ָܰⷬ²ɿһ
ܵ˷Ͷ̽Ŀ⣬ЦЩҲס⣬ҡ
ӲͷƤ˵˼仰ҲƵı¥
뿪󣬿ֵҲ½ɢˣ̨
̨߼һܰʲôҩ
һ˽ʱΪ΢ȫĶ֣ΪǣӦǷ˴ҩԵʡ
ܰ۾˼ǣҩǴϵģѹȻôһΪ
̾һ;Ҫǽ̤ʵأ˽ٵֻԼˣԼ£Ҳܲš
һԵȻһˣԭȼҲ¥ս
Զһ٣ţеģϵ彣찡ͷڲ
**
ӱѰ˸ط
뵽ŵ£ŭֹһڣʲô˲𣬹ƵĶҪ˶¥ˣʱҿȺɥ֮Ȯȥ
԰˵۾һֱҲˣϷϾҪʼˡ٣ҿҪȥúƣǿԼܵʱϻ¶ı顣
˵˳վһתͼԶվһˡ
²һ뿪պޣѡƧ˵ĵطţҪйŭ
ǺʱֵģΪһֱûз֣
վڲԶںڰе޳Ӱ̲סŵ˿ĭתһ˴¥ԼΪҲ֮Уʲôµģ
ţӿ˭үү
ǰ۵ײԳɫֻΪɵü㣬ʲô


108 
һɫ£ͦ޳, º, ϻһߡ
ǳᰡ
ûӵĽ䱸, Ỻдһ˿Ц⣺ڼ̨ʽ棬ϧʱ, δܴľ, ĳź˴˴, ĳֽһ, ̨ͽ̡
⻰, ĵ׺òѹȥŭٴȼ
ʲôʽ棬Щƨ, ˤȥƲ棡
ӿ, ᰾ǹģյǲвүүû档
˵ײ, ֻǲ뿪, 㱻ץסˡ
Ŵڼͷ޳ָɫһ, ŭȵС, ˻үү˵ˣ
һźһ, ;͵رԵòײ, ʮֻǡ顱һ졣
ֻӺ󱳽ŵĽһһ㻬ƼǱֿЦ
վڲԶĳᰣ̧ᵧ䣬̬⣬һ䣺û°ɣ
̬ȣ񷽲Ŷִ˵Ĳһ㡣
㣬㡭ӻûһָۣųᰣȴڳ̧ʱ৵طֱۡ
ҲĶ֡ӶҧΪν׷Ҳţ
ЦǰһѾ˵ˣĳ̨̡
㣬Ӽᰶˣ͵سֹĵز
᰹Բˣվԭأߺһ˫۾Цעӡ
ӱ亹ֱðǿ㡭ôǿӦ̲ǡ
һֵɾèĹʵڲǰۣҲ˷ʱ䣬д裬ȥȥ¥˰ɡ
˵˾壬ӷ·𿴵˾۾ҲٵصҲ˵ˣ¥̨˭ӮܳΪ¥ôǿ¥֮λÿ϶ֵ
˵װģؿһɫҪˣɾٲȥֻ¾ûʱˡ
еģ޲ھͰѳᰴ͵̨ȥ
ḧ°ͣһʮָȤģ
ĵϷС̽Ƕɾȥɺã
ߺһ˫۾Цصͷˡ
⻰ӳ˿֣ûû£Ϊɾ£ҵҡɾ룬С̨ס
߳һξ룬˺֮˵ҡ
ʶӦһܿ췴ӦԣŤͷ䱸ô֪ҵ֣
ʱѾ·ԹʵĵΧӳյհ
һתͷͼеһҩ¡ҩʱ򣬺󾱵ĺë৵һȫ
ֱ̧ۣҪȷʲôʶʲôǿֹԼĶ
᰽ҩݵǰҩϵã
ɫףƮͷҡ˹һϵá
ϵãɻҩЯһģһҪν͡
˵̧һֻֻ֣в֪ʱһڳҩ谲С
һ̣۾ٿصɴˣʶ̧ؿڣٹ˲αװȥң
᰽һɶ㿪˳ҵĹ
Ǽκ󣬳ͣĽųᰵ¥ 
Ҳɵӣӳ᰽гֵһ̣֪ûô򵥡
΢΢һЦδϣ㲻˽š˵ˣֻΪһ¡ʵشңҾΪѡ
̯ģЩҩ裬˭ģ
ɫ˼䣬Ŵû˸ңЩżȻںһλ˹ġ
˵⻰ʱƮᰶӡ
ԳҵĻش𣬳ᰲÿɷЦģôʲô
ҵ½ѱ亹ʪϸĻܿζĺ˳°͵
ڨڨЦҡⲻǼҩ±ôɾ֪ҳҩ¥սԣҲ֪¥˵λӶҵС˵ж
ҴֵôȻԣҲ㲻ʮĴǳķϣŹΣұ֤ȥһúٲˡ
ҡͷҼˣɾѵһθĹµػᶼң
˵ʵҾΪѡᰵĻвźϧ
۵һĨ֮ɫӲŵ˵ȷʵʵɾ
˵ţһӣʱ棬ɳ죬ʶ۾žߴ
͵۾ͼű߲֪ʱ˼ǱӰЩ˻ѪۣȻ˷˵ĥ
ǰЩ˵Ĳ״촽Ƚŷǡ
ᰵ㲻ʶǣ
⻰ԳɲɫĿٴ䵽ǰļϣҪЩ˵ݣϧǴʱͷ棬Ѫۣ޷塣
ã̧ͷᰣȷѵҲҡʶʲô͵ס˿ڡ
ûҵıĮɨѽѽһڵʹˣޣʵ³һ
ҿЩڵϷʹˣ۵Գɵɫ
Ȼᰲ˼Ļᣬֻһ֣¥̴ǰһһҽҼ
ȥ
ſңҷȴƾ̴ܺӷֺţһ˷ֱ˳ᰶȥ
Ҳס˺׷ˣɫȽڴ
һ˲ʵɭ˳ҵ۾عȥ촦
ŨѪζҿŲԶ̧ýĳᰣ㵵۾
㡭㡭û뵽᰾˸ɴؽɱˣ촽۵д˿־塣
ὣԼд󺧣ٹ˲е𡭡ɱң˵ʲô˵
ȵĿ־óҵǻˣĿųᰳֽ֣ٵҩȷʵģǡ˸ҵġ
Ҳóϸʣһȫ˵ˡ
۵׵Цȥ¶˼ɫ
Һ괭ŴɾСƭ㣬ѾԼ֪ȫˣҰɡģҳȥ˵ģ˵ġ
Կ˳һۣҾЩ֣ϸ룬˷ˡˤڵϣЩ۵㱣סһ
лɾɱ֮лɾɱ֮
˫ϥأסͷߵл̧ͷʱ򣬺ȻʶԡǰظɸɾЩʬ塢̴ȫʧˡ
ҽӲ̧ͷֳȾѪҲʧˡ
ųĿ־壬ʮ־Ȼû룬ڿһвǳƭ֡
˫ƽճȭһֱ壬ŭųᰣСӣƭң㾹ƭң


109 
ǣˡᰵһҲ, һ, Цò˶, ǵһãû뵽Ч
쵰뵽Լűˣתŭ, ৵һ彣, ֱĿڡ
һ, Ҳûζ, ֻһ촫, ҵ彣мϿˡ
ıŭˣϽһ, ŭһֿȭٴι˹ȥ, ϧ֮ʵûغϣұˡ
, ȴʾ, µķŭԳƿڴĩЦõЩϢΣѾ̫ˡ¥Ը, Զ, գǳ۾ת, ôҲǲӮġȺˣעҪΪɥ֮Ȯ
۾ĸ, ɫȻһȻδŭ෴ЦһʵúãΣ
᰻еҴ̧ͷöϳᰴЦġĿ⡣
ҵĺȻһϡǰ˾ӵһ˫ͫ
ʱᰵһֻ۾ǳɫһֻǴĺɫ˫֮ͫдź֮аɱ⡣
ֱʱҲʶǰ˷ڵĶţ񣬲αװĿ
д󺧣㣬㵽סʲôˣ
**
һߣܰöѻصһ̨ϵĶһΡ
ſ򽹼ǱҲ֪ôˣڶûж
ܰü΢šģףźܿͻн
˵ţ顱һ죬öͬʱͷͼ᰽һ˶ڵϡ
ܰ߹ȥһۣǳңһôˣ
߹ȥСڳǰ˻Σֻҵһ˫۾޷Ӧ
ٺЦŤͷʳᰣʲôôö˶˵ģһֻͷ졣
ᰵͫѾʧˣºͣ޺Ƚ˹˾¥ʡ
ܰüһĪǡⳡڱٿأ
õ϶Ĵ𰸺ܰУǱ¥
᰿̨ɫֻѾˡ
ܰö˳ųᰵĿ⿴ȥͼ˾̨ϵս߶һơ
˾Ǹ֣ײЩ̨µĹڹηɳȥ
Χˣĵ˾˺ĹӰУֻ˾սͬʱˡ
ͬǣս˺ܿڿסΣȵ̨ϣ˾ȴֹסơ
ڳĶʿ״̲ס¶ȵɫ̲ܰס˺ǿʤ¥һ
ûУ¥ֻ̫ŻˡǷƽʱ˲Ų¥Ķ֡
תᰣеѰͬᰣ˵ǲǣ
ᰵĿ̨սߵϣֻһɫװ˱ͦһѩ
ᰵΪȷʵͣʽ˷ʤƴȫһսֻ˾¥Ķ֡
ܰȻųᰵšü¥ϹѪҲж֣ʲôͷȻôǿ
˵䣬ֻ̨ѩһٴ˾幥ȥ
ᰵĿ׷̨ϵսߣԴ˵ΪжϲĬĬŲǣɽδ˵гһλ
ܰ˼Ƭ̵ʽǰδ᲻ɢޣ
ҡͷ֮˵Ϊ֮ǿȴѰ׵ķʽǶ¥ڱصá
ܰö˳С˵ˡ
üͷĬĬ˴£ֻǵĿ¥֮λãĿģ
˼ţԵСͯһ¥ԶȺҲ˾
̧ͼ˾Ӹ߿ֱ׹ߵԵʣһʱ۲Լơ
Ϊյǣս߾ٴλ賤ֱײһ˾Ƕ㲻Ҳܵش
ɫȻһ䣬˶ܿʤѷ֣ȴԲ֣Ǽƣȡ˾
ᰰһ׼ֵʱ򣬾ͼ˾ǧһ֮Ťתһ˼Ļȣնյرܿǵ
˾ȥȥԲݺ̨ϣ̨һӦݡ
Χ۵޲һ
Ҫ֪¥õһжõģ̨ҲͨľĴʯƳɵģӲޱȡ
Щôೡ̨ԣûºۼһȥȥһǣ֪ӵжôµ
˾忴һ۱ٵ̨ʹɡءɫתսʱִ˴Ц⣬λǺ֡
⻰˵Ĳ֪ǹάڳԷ
ս߽һӦȻ¥ˡ
˵仰˾վԭؾؿ˾壬Ȼ̬˵ĿҲ˾ϡ
ּܰе㣬ôѽѵҪ¥˵λó
¥нճɾͣ¥Ѫ¥λӿãøֱСˡ
ܰһСȥ˵ôҿ˵Ŀ
ܰһͼһǰšü:ᰣ𣿡
ܰüͷɫ䣬ҡͷܴǺαʱļáѶĿ֮£ǰֻҪҧϣֻ䲻ҽڡ
ܰһ۵¶Ȼ֮ɫߵǣѵûа취𣿡
᰿Զʣһʱ䡣
ܰöǲ⣬ͬʱɴ۾˼ǡ
ᰵǳһĨΪǳЦ⣬֪˵ܰģ˵Լġ
סҪ֮ˣеڶˡ


110 
̨, ˾ժˣлλμӴ˴ε̨ᡣӽ¥
·ȺкȻһʵ
˷׷תͷ˾սҲѭ˹ȥ
ᰶ˸ɫĿ, ǰһ˾¥, 컹δ, δ, ׾Ͷλ̨¥ˣ
ߣ˾廹һ۾˳ɫ΢䣬۵׷ɿһĨ֮ɫ
¥ʿ, Ҫ˵¥ѵһ̨, Ŷᰵйע, Ͼ¥ĵλǡ
˾Ӳħ, ѱһ¥ᵹһ
µ¥վ߻, Ϊħṩ, 롣
һ㣬Դӳᰴ¥Χһֱڰжš
ƺ˾벻ʲô˻еĹעҺƺ׷¥, н԰ʾĪҪ£Ϊ, ֤ʵһ㡣
˾һװɵ, һ氵ƺ̽ӶǶ£ǽ¥Ϣʵʵ
ĳ˵, Ǳϳƺ, ֻ»ɱ֮ǵȾ˾ζ뿴ġ
ս˲ֶΣʵȴǲСȫʢʱڣֻҲ˴ƽ֡
ս鲻㣬һ˵Ķ֡
ôţ˾ɫɤӣλӣѶһˡ
һ˵һ氵ʹɫʾҪ£Ͻ˻ȥ
˾ϹѪЩ˽纱е֡¥ٰ̨֮Ϊ˶Щ֮˵죬֪һֱ
ôȥˣÿ̨ԲЩСС֣ܸв˼ûСû뵽һλᱻ֮˶ˣҴ⧲
˾岢ȥԹ˭һжԼΡһʱʧ죬˿Ӱһ
ô˵棬ưͿֻȥǳƿ˵ˣˣպһһֻ
ǳᰵİΣᰳ£û뽻
Ҿûж룬ദҲϲĺӣϣᰳ¡
Ȼû˾İʾһ㣬¥ĪҪ˵Ц
˵Ц˾Ҫᰶ»ȥ˾ĳܣλٴһ¥ݲλ¥
ΧӦ͵ѽλСֵˣ´ɡ
ᰵЦһ˾Ҳսߵλ
վ˾ˣ˵Ŀڰս㣬ֻĿѪޡ
ᰵ۵ײδ¶һ˿⡣˲۾۵ȫ֮̽ɫ
˾˵ˣλⲻǵ𡣶˵˴Ѷڳʲô
ǣ˵˾¥˵Ķ֣Ĺ˼𣿾ͲҪȡˣؼȥɡ
ؼȥɣ´μǵ㡣
ᰲδЩ˵ĳϣλ¥̨Ĺʲô
һ˵ֻҪʤ˾¥¥˰
𣿡һ٣̨ԱߵĲɵСץŲˣô˵ġ
д̨ԵĹ
Χ̽ͷᰵϲû˵˾¥¥ˣ˵̨վķյʤߡھһʱ䣬δǵң
⡭˵ĺЩ
Ҳ˲ˣƨǿʶδ˵˭֪˾¥ǲ¥ˣ
˵ģҲе
һʱ̨µĹڷֳɣһֳ֧ᰣһǿʶ˫£ǵĿȫ䵽˾ϡ
˾ǹƶߣһнȨС
˾ڣһͯ𣺡λ˵û
˾ѭͷͼܰöһǰһ̨΢΢üȥȴˡ
һͬСɣߵǰܰöˣܰŵǾ仰֪˭ˡ
ܰö˸˾߶꣬мＸģܹ޲¶ֽţ³˳û˸ɵĳ
˾岻ɵ˳һۣСΪ֪û߰ķ˲١ոջС޺Ұ
˾з߷ߣ̨ʣ㷽˵λ˵Ķԣ
ܰͷȻλӦ¥˽ĵλǿʵ¥ͱ֮ǧ˰ٻˡ
˵Ťͷ౳ųһָۣ¥Ҫʵѧ˲ܵΣ¥ԴҶǺ£λأ
̨µĹڲⳡ̨֮ıȻܰе˼
ţܰ⻰ͦе¥ȷʵȫƲ磬ǿ壬¥Ŵˣﻹнշ⡣
¥֮ȻԽǿԽãϾ¥ܹṩܶ
ߣǴԼûйϵܿ۽磬Ҳûʲôʧôţ󲿷ֹڶ˵ˡ
˽˵ܰ˿ᰵλӣ롣
ȴȥ̨ӵҾô»Ҫλ̨˼ǡ
̨ϵؿųᰣ᰺Ц̨ǲֽҲ⣬Ͼ¥֮λӵֵĲףֻҪһ仰תͷߣ
⻰һ˵ɱø䣬ֻٿһĳǡ
⡭ô£ôġζ
ǹȻưǲӣǿɾ
ĿƽĻˣ֮䰵ӿֻЦһãұһ
棿ʲô˼᰻һҡͷ֣㾡ʩչȫ಻顣


111 
˵仰, Χձøҡ
ϺǣļҵСӣȻô񣡡
ߣ̫
ҿ, ֻϳܵ˿̫, ֻ̫ѿ
ᰲδ, ֵݸһ, ҲûζģֻǰһӦʱվ̨ϡ
̲ס޵ÿ֡
٣СЩʵѧġⳡԺпͷ
˾ͻȻǰĳ, ʾС, ҵ, Ժ㡣
׺ı, ȴ¶εĹ뵣ǡ
˾, Ҫ, ˾Цһ£˫ĺɫд˰
δ˾ȴ㱾ڶ˵ҡ
ˣ˾Ҳ֪˵ʲô, ΨһģʾСӦԡ
ֻ̨ʣ³ӵʱ, Χ, ˶ŵע̨ϵĶ
ֻӵ֡
ᰵ֮ǰǲҪȱԼţ
˵겻˿, ֵˣҲ, һ˰ɣֵ¼¡
¥˶ĿʾˣȻҲ⻰̨µĹûë⻰˶оͰһ˼ˡ
۵һ⣬ܿ侲˵ͷ˵Щ
û˵꣬ͼ᰾ͺԤ׵سˡ
һ۵ǲмһֱҲûг鵶Ĵ㣬Ȼûѳ᰷
Ȼײʱ˾ǿƲסغ˰벽ֻС벽˵
ʽͣǱƵ˲ò˫֣òγ
ʵʱ򣬳᰿зһЦ˵ڳ
̨¹ڵľУıܿѩĵ棬վξ˹˹֡
᰺Цá
̨µĹóᰣΪǸ廨ͷȫ̲ס
Ư֣
Ŵѽͣ

̨Цšţ˴˿ڡ
ܵĶߺɫνʮ־ʣҧأһӲĻȡ
ԷֿȭȴƵԼòεԱΪǿһĿȻҲѹ̨㿺ܡ
˴гϸϸزš
תĿ⣬˳ᰣأɣǺúôһ
˿УԷСּΪѸ٣һʱԷӦ
ֽغϣ˾ᰵ·Ҫܳ׾ٵ顣
ᰲźۼջ˳ֵϵĿ⣬ֻһĶͷЩյŶһңôҪ¡
˰ںƣԴȴת̨ȥ˵ȥ
ᰴ̹Ȼȡ
̲סų̈¹Ҳֹ
Ҫ֪˵ȫЯģҶģҪ·ϸ˳ͻԼСЦ
ڳ˵Ŀⶼڳϣ̨µĹΪóһ·ȴ̨ͣ
̧ͷãȻĿųᰣͼᰳ̨һŮӵܷ彣һá
ŮͬߣòŴͲӦǸųǰ¥ֵġ
ǹû뵽᰻Լ˵һʱЩҿ˿ΡΡָָ̧Լ
ףܵΧ˵Ŀ⣬ǹ¶ѩ׵Ķһºˡ
ǹһڽ˹ȥ͵һ룬Ķһ٣Ž˻ȥ
ҡҸտʼϰûԼר彣⽣ͳһɷϰʹõģ̫ãҪʦֵİɡ
ء˵ֻ̧꣬һ٣Ůе彣͵ϡ
ӡǹЩѽĺͨ㡭
ס˳ֻ˴죬ϸżΪ΢еĳȣʮͨ
᰹齣ʣسЦϲѽƯ
ŮҵǱȺӾЩǽϹʺĽ룬ӳŽʮֺÿ
⻰ǹĶˣͷһʱ˵ʰ̧ͷʱý˻ȥ
ᰵ˽ԽƬ̣ϻ㡣
ŶŶǹæӦּһ乫Сġ
̨ЩûеĹ̲ס壬ѧŹظһ顰СġֵСʮֲ˼
ѽǱЦˣͬΪˣ໥ǺҲûǸ˼أǲҪ롣
Χ˵ЦɸˣС˵˵ҲʶЩ˲ûж⣬ֻĴȤˣԼҲ̲סһЦ˳
̨µĻЦ֣Ļ
ᰴ̨ʼһһȫڳȫû̱ӡ
ĵ¶ģһҪó᰺ÿΪԼ񸶳ۡ
᰺ûע⵽ϸ΢ֻע⵽ˣֻûϡ
ֻǰѼΪͨĽ̬еǰվȽŲ׼ ϻ
һȹ˹ĶѸ磬μΪһӰΪʿֻܿһѩ⡪е⡣
ƶᰵķ˿°ڣվԭأֻ΢΢һִ֡
¹ȫס˺ŵע̨ϵĶ
ֻһ촫ĻмΪǿѹһʱɳʯ̨ºܶ˱
ɢ̧ͷͼǰͨĳһʱ졣
ڲԶս˾ҲЦҡеӸпû᰾ʹ˵һ졣
ڰǳء˾嵹˱裬ðǸ쵰ǡ
˵תͷ㣬˵𣿡
ܰüҡͷ
˾˼Ȼ ȫ׼鲻ҿŰɣȹ˽գٺúøˡ
ܰһһ̨Ӵѷ֣Щǵص¥˵Ķ᲻Σգ
˾ЦһƶģңһӮ


112 
¥, ֵֻ˾塣
ÿν֣ǵ㵽ֹδſ˴һԴˣһֱЩź
ⳡ̨ս, 䲻˾, ӵʵ˾岻¡
ڳ᰿, ˱˾ʺ, ϾõĴˡˡ
˾嶯ֵʱʮֵԼƲڰ˾壬ԽֵʱǴСģÿδ򶷶ܾ, ڲд˹ǡ
ôһ, Ҫ֮˱ƵŭҲЩ, ½Խ鶯Ѹݡ
᰽ֵĵͬѹŭ, ͬʾʽ׺, Ҫ
̨Ͻ뵶, εۻҡ
̶̵Ĺñǧ̨Ͳ˵뽣̨ۣµĹҲòף֮ܵǣ
̨ԴеҵθԹ, ֣ԭֻ˵˵, İ
ˡڿֲ´, ²񫰡Ұɽˮһ, ֵˣ
Ǿ˭Ӯ
ȺĬƬ̣һ˵⡭Ŀǰս, жϰ
жϣһǰλýĹӳأ࣬ʤһҿӮˡ
վᰣȻ˳෴λ̨˵̫ԡλʹѷս˾¥չֳʵͬСսӮܣ治˵
̨۲ݣ̨ϳᰶ㿪׺ɱеͬʱһơ
Ʒ˺ѿ죬һӵֵХƷ˵ϡ
ֻƺһǿƲסغ˰벽
ٿᰣƮɣȵڵϣƮ
״̨۵һ˲۵ĸӼҡֻΣų᰻Ӯ˸ˡ
̨ۣŵΪ֨졣΢бտס̨¿.
ٴ᰹ȥŭӳֻ֣ʲôԭ˵ĹƱѸ̨֮ͣĿ̺ۡ
㲻ҪĴ򷨣ֻݱܷâܿͱƵ̨Ե
̨ĹأֻҪһȥ˵Ǹˡ
Ȼ֪أϷأ᰷Ļᡣ
ּֽʮغϣڳٴεгʱ򣬺зɳһס˳ᰵֽš
Ŀһɣ͸ģû˷˰еС
ᰵЦһ޳صҵ͹ıӳ̶ȡ
˽ľ룬˲ɱཻ
᰷۵ײɫѪ˿˫۾ţ͸¶ѪζԵ÷ˡ
ֻ˿ЦСӣ˵ģ֣ȵ˵¼ԹңҪ֣ҲֻܹĿԴ󡣡˵ţеĵ
ֽűǣƣһʱûж̨˼״̲סһ
Զս˾ü֪뵽ʲôɫ͵һ䣬ԡ
Ȼ˵ʲôˣôԶľ룬Ҳ޳Ī
ڳ˵Ķĵսˣȴ⿴Ʋܶ㿪һƫƫͱᰶ㿪ˡ
նյĳ㵵ɫɱŭֻʽٱ䣬ͷٴȥ
ǽǶȻȣһƾ˶⿰ƾ޵һУȴͷ˵һ˲ˡ
һ̫Ϥˡ
ȥˣǸǱҹԼ¡ٴҹλأᱻѡ
ƺʽ
ƺ¶ǰġ
뵽ƺһ۾
˽֪ҫɾƺý֣ȴ֪ƺΪħңóʵǵ
֪ǰ˾ƺƺһ۾ϳ
ƺȴһƺǧ˿Ƶϵ
ᰱΪԼĳƺʱǷƵ̬ȣڲ֪ƺԶԭ¡
ƺ԰ףʹֿ֮˷ָꡭ
Թޡŭˡںޡ˼ġĵףһ˲ΧĿ޽
Хһ˲Ҫնϳᰲ
ѪĿУᰶȻ˫ֻۣһֻ۾ǳɫһֻǴĺɫ
һ̣嫵Գ֫͸̶ѡ
û뵽д˱ʣʽ͡
ᰵͷ°ڣֻ䴽һЦɫŨĴڣһ˫ͫתΪ˳졣
ᰰ޳ָ̽ˣټ򵥲ĶȴȻɫ·˹һ㡣
ΪǶȵԵʣ˶̨֪Ϸʲô˾Ҳʲô״̬
ȴǿһҪˣѾˡ
̨¹ڼ˲ˣ̲סֹ˿зһҽУ֮󵹷ɳȥ
׷ϣֱն£۵һĨֻ֮ɫס
ֻ䡱һ죬̨ѿʱ
̨Ŀɿڴǧ̨Ȼôˣ


113 
, ɫȻǰٴһӳ
Էз𣬻ӵ࿹, ֻһ, ˶Ȼɴ۾г, ȥһ롣
Ҫ֪˵ĵƵ, Ƶˣֲһͨĳ
˶֪һֵıжôҪᰴ˾٣ǳֻٵһ, ӵжôֲ
ȥ, δɢֱ˵
ꡱһ, ˵߱, ¶Сüۡ
һ˳׾, ٹ˲, һ棬һһӣŨ̹̳д̱ǵζ
Ҫӡ
ɫһ, ׷ȥһӰȵ, һץס
ɺɫ۵һĨ֮ɫ, ž˾Դǵڶ𣺡ôûˣ
Ϥᰶ͵һ, ͫ΢΢Ŵŭ, ¥û£㵣ˡ
Ũ̫˾忴ᰴʱ˵û£ɴһ
˾û¾ͺãû¾ͺá⣬ҿôʶʲô͵
û˵˾벹Ȳȣǡڴʱһҹ̨һ󻶺
Ũ̻ɢ˾ƫͷһɫź֪ķӦϲ¶õЦݡ
˾ץסᰵһֱ۾̨µ:λιǴ˴αյʤߡ
˼ʶ˳ᰵı£Ǵĵһʱ乧ϡǱӵˣ֪ǶԺˡ
ڽ˾¸߰վһƬϷԡ΢Цݹӣ뷽˵ʤ˵ʱȫͬ
˾彫ôȫ˦˳ϣֱҪѳ᰿ˡ
һ͵͵²ۣҪǲ֪ģΪ¥ڿԼĺء
ܰ̿Ц̲ס¶ݡ¥ΣǽˣȴѳƵǰϳݡ
ܰҡҡͷϸȥ
˾˵һ̨¶ƣ̬˶٣δλձŻȥ׼˷䣬ҺúϢϢ˾ĳ磬ҷſ˳Ժȡ
ʮָˡ
Ⱥܿɢˣ¿˿ɵأջء
ӦǻطϢ˰ɡܰһ˳ȥüգһҲûüϢ͸˴һܣˡ
Ŷһһοɶ˳ᰡ㣬ȥɡ
˾һԵһ·ҲûԷ׼Ʋˣúúһ
ܰԶͬʱתͷ˾壬˾δΣգôʲôȥ
յĽǣ˾屻ѹŻط
Ƭ̺ܰöʳÿ˳ᰵķš
һ򿪣ͳ˽ȥϲеᰣ̫ˣ
ᰲźۼغ˰벽ܿĴ봹۾ôˣ¥Σ
ֵģûע⵽ᰶܵĶЦ¥û£ϢһӾͺˡ㻹ûԷɣǸ˳Եģζô
鼫ãʳнʳȡһһϡ
ܰҪϸĵĶ࣬زšüᰣôˣˣ
ܰ˵ǰסᰵֱۣ΢ɰ˲ûж㿪
ֱ̧ܰ۾û£ֻϢһ·ϻЩ۰ˡ
ܰ̽˳ᰵϢּɫ˿һΪ㡭
ᰳֱۣЦҡͷ
᰻һЩŽܰöߣŹϵһ̣˵ϡ
һͷһʱ޷ʱı飬ھŵĿ£͸¶һɲζϢ󣬺ǰľƺӣͷһڹ¡
ͻֳᷢžƺֱ΢΢Ĳʮֲġ
ϧʱ⣬
ֻܰųᰵҲ֪ԵʣѾܾòˡרΪõġϵļɽѾúܳʱˡ
һȸƿоƣƿطϡ
̧ӳܹ۵״δ˾İ죬͸¶һ˵аħӰ¡
ǰħ壬᰽֣ħǴǿͬʱҲΣաħӰԡ
ֻҪиͻᱻڵħ޷Ŵճĵа񡢱Űͷ
᰿̿ȥЩʹࡢŭĶһֱƵĺܺãû뵽ջǱħҵ˻ᡣ
ħ̰һ˲ᰱĶƺǿҳŭ
ǳ޴̼ųᰵ񾭣ŻһУдǣʱ뿪ֻ´ʱ¥һ
Щ£ΨһұܰΪԶ֮£̽ʲô
£ûиκˣ˾塣
ϸϸ˫֣۵׸ֳһĨŪЦ⣬ΪԼѿɶһ棬ʵȴݺݸһơ
ֱ죬֪ǿ󣬲ʵкܳһ·Ҫߡ
ȥ
뵽룬ĵ΢΢ȣվҡ
ֻɴ£ϵǰһϢԶ١
ɴʺ󰲾Ӱ߬ˡ
ǰȥȴˡ
ã¶ĳ־İ㣬ҧҧת뿪ˡ
ڲʱиҪҪȥ


114 
һյϢ, ҹ»ϣ¥ڳֳһ־
һ¥ڣ㡢ʳһ, ֱˮ, Բ̨ϸ輧ŮڱݾʵĽĿ, ʮ֡
˳Եʱ, ˾¥֮λýᰡ
ܰͬʱᰣȴ˾࣬ͷǳ·˴к
ģĽ¥֮λ
յԶô£Ϊʲô˵ǸոĲһ
ܰҡҡͷ, ͬһͷˮų, üͷ΢΢, ۵ǲ, ȴһ˿ɵɡ
Ϊ˾ĸ, ֪ܰܶ顣
ʱųѹȥ, ڿƽ˾ȴ֪ƺһֱûзѰҳᰡ
˹ǣһֱȥػΪƺĸ, һݱ¶޾鷳, Σ
˷¥֮, Ըվð˼ķաܰϲԲõ뷨ᰡ
ͬɻĻ˾塣
ڿǰ, ˾飬, ֻ˵һʱдд裬¥֮λӡ
ô˾岻ó¥֮λΪ˳ᰵİȫ롣
˷˴֣Ʊػŵע⣬ƺС
ƾ¥ʵ˾ţֻҪᰲǰٴĨȥᰵĺۼƽ
¥֮ǾȫͬˡƱϿһƬãʵ򰵳ӿ
¥λʮ⣬ڹϣ¥ˣƱػƺע⣬ʱᰱƺϡ
ƺƹţ˵һ죬ƹƺ࿹Ȼֲô
˾䲻Ϊη˵ĺúõأ᰺ȻʱԣദԳᰵΪʮ֪ôȻԭ
˾Ұɻ󣬴ϯɢˣȥѯʳԵɡ
ֱʱᰲŽսƺй˵
˾۵ɫšüΪβ˵
Цһ£δ
ϳ˫һ̣˾Ȼˣεص㣬ѽ˵ʲôá
˾壬²롣
ƺ˽ӣǱŶ꣬һֱҪ¿ħͨħ˽硣
䲻֪ƺΪζ¥ƺΪĿĲֶΣ˷ȡ¥ļƻʧܣ潫иĶֶβ
һ¥׵Σգڡɱ
Լӣ˱˾塣
һƬĬ֮Уã˾峤̾һ˷Ҵ⣬ˡ
ᰵƺ˼թ˷ʤ˭û뵽ͻȻ¥֡
˶٣ֵ¥ṩӻֻ֮ѡΪ¥ģҲֻôˡ
ֿվһܰãǷģֻҪ¥Σһվɼɣҵġ
ᰣ롣ܰǲǸƺʵ̫ɶˡ
Ҳ԰԰һҪú㡣¥˵ǲǣ
˾ͷұҲ⣬ᰣʲôҪ˵¥£ȫ㡣
˾չȣ۾ҵҪƺЩС
˾˵ĺȴ˺ܶ׼ԼΣգᰵİΣȴҪ˼ġ
˾еġΡУպŵķÿڵˡ
֮˵ʱ˾ų᰸¥ڲṹ
̴ʱ˾Цһ̲סˣΪܳŶá˭
̴ӵ¥Ǳɾ
Ϥ֣ɫ΢Ͽ̫仯
˾忴˳һۣЦû뵽˾ô˵ʵĻﲢûжٲĳɷ֡
ɾʵѲ¡
ƺΪѰᰣֻ·˽磬ˣҲûѰκõ
սߵΪ˾岻£ţΪ˿ɲ࣬Ҫ˵ᰲɱǸˡ
ƺ˹ǵģ֪¥ЩԨԴϢһƺ֡
ƺѡñɾ̽飬һǱɾȷ
ľ棬¥ǺƺΪħ廹ŵͳ죬ǱҪŪġ
¥֮ڻƾǿʵʲôֻ¥һؽΪ
Ǳɾ졣
ƺһֱûзɶ¥ļӣֻһֱ֤ݣֲ˾塣
ųǰɾϵܲδɾѰһ棬Ȳ۳᰻Σƾɾ¥ǳᰣϲ
һΣƺô϶ҪŪ
˾˼תò̾һƺǴһֺ̡ᰣȻطϢȥ
ᰵ¥ҡ
֪룬˾̬ȺǼȥУڻȲҪ¶ˡܰ᰻طɡ
*
¥͵ĲڣһɫӰλϣ̬⣬޾н֮⡣
ܿ˷˲С˵ɾԵƬ̣Ѿȥ¥ˡ
ɾһ豭һڣһĳˡ
ţûǳʦԽˡɾ޵ܿһģȥʳĲŵķһۡ
˳֣ɾЩģһ˫תתģվһԵСϡ
С˱ɾ亹乣ƫ˵ʲôֻܵͷšڱɾˣС֡
Сҿ˿Сش˹ȥɾкηԸ
ɾЦ˵ļ磬˫ϥһĲڵϡ
ɾ
˽šɾ¶Цݣֻм仰㡣
Сǿס˵ĳ嶯ɾ˵
¥ΪΣ
С˴¥ȻǼõġ
ɾһƣʣǰ¥ȣĸأ
ãá
֪¥Ǻηʿĸɵĸͽ𣿳ʲôӣӢ񣿡
СĨɾС˲֪
Ĳ֪ɾչȥ£˵ǣûˣҲˡ
С˿űɾϵЦݣ亹ðĸˣܲסͨһ˵ϡ
ɾĪҪΪСˣСʲô֪Ҿһȴӵġ
״ɾʧ̾˿¿ϣܿЦֻǶģŵãȤ´дˣһڳɡ
Ļ䣬⴫һЦڳˡ
ɾ̧ͼһȵĹӴ˾塣
ɾü
˾ڰ֣СȥˣɾԱߣɾкþûˣЩæЩʲô
ɾڴˣ
⻰˼ʵ˾Ѳ¥ˣΪλڴˡ
˾Ц¥Ƹ¥¡
ɾ
һ¥֮Ϊ£Ϊλ㿪ģǺܹٵ


115 
¥һ, ᰵͷ¥Ľṹͼ뼯о񣬿һ뵽ɾڴˣͲɱĸꡣ
, ɾӦ֪ʦɡ
ʦˣ˺ôϲɵһ, ʱȴݹ޲, ϶ܲİ, ᲻ô죿
ţԽȥˡ
Щվôһ˲嵽ɾǰʶڵôˡ
һ, վԵܰ̿˹, գŴ۾, ȫǽ䱸, ³᰻ȥһ
ᰱǵı鶺Ц, ˵Щʲô, Ȼߵ
ܰҲţʵ£
˴ܰ˾¸ɾˡ¥ҪҪȥ
*
᰺ܰö˸ϵʱ, ֻ˾, ɾ˴ѷ, ໥εۻҡ
ʱǰ, ¥ںף¥ڲ, ˡ
ӭܰüô£Ϊʲôö˶˵Ļ
̴ӴҲʱֻ¥˾˾ºͱɾĵúúõأȻʹˡ
ܰһ˾岢δ·磬˿
̴ӿֿǸתᰣ¥⡭
ֱʱܰŷӦͺһ⣬ñɾ᰾ˡ
˼ˣܰٺܿķԸ̫ģ˾ɾǺѣ˷ֻ໥дˡǼκǵʱ㱨
˵⻰ܰߵߣСߴ뿪Ȼվڽߵġ
ᰱܰö˼ȴһֱڿеıɾϡ
ɾ֮ǰܿƣ±ǰʮԶľ룬һ뵽ǰ֪ᰵͿƲסļ
ѹ֣ȥ룬ȥţȥЩѹֵĳޣǺħǷԼƳһʥˡ
˽գŷԼʥˡ˼Ǹˣȵ˼ڿħ
ᰴϸϸĲ룬ƺʦţʦΪҪ
Ҷز꣬ηηβҪ㵽ʲôʱҾô𣿾ĶˣΣ
ѹֵһ˲ȻһʰᰵĽŲ͵ͣ
ܰ仯ǵᰣ㡭
û˵꣬ͼᰵӰǰʧˡܰʶʲô͵ס˿ڡ
ᰵӰΪһѸӰźȻ˱ɾ˾м䡣
ɾ˾Ͷ룬ûϵ˲֣Ӱ˹ȡ
һͬʱ󳷣ɾȵ䵽ϣ˵¥ˣ
ͻȻĳᰣ˾ͫȻһּϴߣһĶٷһЩ
˾ǰһʮȻؽᰵɾ֣֪ĺܣô۸ˣ̫˰ɡ
ҵ֪˽ɾ˵꿴ᰣǡóҲ˹˵Ŀڰײ
һ˲ڱˮӳ£ɾֻһ˫īӡ
˫ڵЩ˵ĵز
ɾɫһݣ̾ͽ䱸ȴ˫һ䣬Цĵͳɤʹ˹Щµˣ֪ˣˣɾ¡
ɾ޷˾дĺȫ
ᰵĲֵǡôǷǡ
дѡɾЦ֪¥γƺ
նΡ˵һƣɾģ롣
*
ɾ¥뿪һʱˡ
ȷɾ֮ܰö˵һʱ˲
еˣᰣôϳûУ
ҡͷϲûУ
ٴҡͷһʲô˼
ᰵ֪

˾͵ɾǵС˷кǷϳҲȷԸûϳɡ
üԸҲ̫˰ɡ
˾ûǿᰣ̫嶯ˡû
ժߣϾƣ۾Բ𣬵ĺ֪ʦҡ
ˣ˾Ȼˡ
ʲô״̬һ˾̲סʵʦ
۾˾Ȼ뵽Ķæסˣʦһµġ̫࣬ɾķʲôҲǲģƺ֮䣬ƱҪһϢ
᰻˷һ뵽ڱɾĹڳ۾ֻƬ̲ס
ΪģʱļŭԼķŭ
̸ʱ򣬱ɾᵽ룬ɳ֪˵ϢǼٵģƺȨգ뱻޲ɡ
ʱҵϣ治Զһ澵ӡ
̧ͷͼ˵ǰɫڷӳ£Եˡ
Ȼʧˣȡ֮һŨĺǺӿһ˳ž˳
׺Ц˹ղҵĻ飬ΣΪо
ûлش⣬ЦһǺܾûˣһΪ㱻ƺɵˡ
⻰˵Ĳȴû
һôǹ̫û㣿Ƣˣ
ѲǰǸһŪͲ˼СˣЦŷˣֻеʧ㾹ţ̫ϧˡ


116 
ҭһ, Ĭ˺һŵ鲻ã
ᰲѣҲò⣬ôͻȻ뵽ңҪжˣ
꣬׳ڳǰĴ, ٵʱ, ϻˡ
Ҳûپ᷽ŵ, ļ, ﶼſЦ⣺ûУֻ㵱¥ˣصظף㡣
᰿ף۵˸ķǲεɫ
׵ô, ǳĵĸ㡣
еĺӿ, һɫӰ, Ӱһ, һȡ
ڷвߵ, ᰵպܸˣ
ţұֵĺԣŤͷᰡ
Ȼʱ׵ġͷֻһԲ, ᰾޶˾ֵ˶
ĸо⡣
ᰵĮԡ˵ƿߣ࿴һ۶Ը⡣
ᰣ֪ϲһ𣿡
׿α˵ϲ㶮øжһ㡣˰һ, ʮǻũ˾, Ȼ
ᰲ, ׼Ȼ˾ܲǣҲײҵĴæ
⻰, תͷһۡ
ײ֪뵽ʲôЦһƺСʵЩֶ, Ѿָϲ⽫֧Щ£ϧվһСĻǵҪڸǰҵҪ֪¥ƿҵеʱ򣬻¶ı顣
ԼĲ²ⲻ¥ƺħͨļƻйء
ֻǼƻҪʵʩĿǰ
˵֪飬¥ұҪõҪľǳ˾壬ƹ¥ô꣬˶ŷǴܶ಻Ҫ鷳á
᰿ȥ˵ĿڰײеĿ˼֡
Цһ£ĿڵȻ˾幻һֱֵַĲ£պ³ɣϣҿһе¥ˡ
ûлӦ׿˳᰺һšüᰣǴˣӦɵΪƾһСС¥ƺɣ
ᰵȻ֪Ͳˡ
᰻е⣬׳Ĭһ£ŻôֻҪúøҺҪ˶ãԸʵ֡
ˣҿЩˣҾˡ˵뵽ʲôͷˣҪ¥ڲṹͼ취Ū֡
뿪󣬳ԭáܹоԼϥϵĲ
࣬ƺԾڡҪˡ
ҲζţӸһ
תͷϣ͸ɴʣԿڴϵӰ
ȥˮϸĵز壬ϸɾ
һУվڴߣã¶ĳ־ģֺǧᣬڴǰߵͷ
*
ȴ˵ɾ¥뿪󣬲ûиϻȥƺ
˽һСԺ˽ţ뷿֧˸磬ִӻͳһдʡ
ɾҪϢȫ󣬵˱蹾ཹཹȥһˡ
ʱ״̬״̬ˡ
ɾϢǼ֮ˡ
ɾϢһƬ𡣾ǰ˵ûʲôһʧġ
Ȼƺط뻹ǸɾĴߣǽ̸Ĵ䲻࣬ƾ˵ĬȻ㹻ˡ
ʱƬ͸ڶĵ֮ڣִһ£ɾϤʹС
ɾ¥Ե¼˵һ飬ǰ˵Ĺ治ƺٳٲħͨǼ¥¥ҪġȻڻ̫¥к֮Һܿġ
ˣƺΣңǧıɾֻüϱУʼŵһһ
Ȼ⵽¥ԵĲҲһֱڰйš
ɾ¥ȥˣȷƺˡ˾Ĵ˾ЩԨԴҲ֪˾ǴӺδģҿеаԣƾҵСʲôͷǿǿҲûбʤİա
СӶºͦעġˣСնΣ˵ͬɣ
ÿüͷ̲ס
ֻɾ˾ƺˣӣҲͬ⽫¥óȥģô죿û¥ƺļƻ޷ʵʩǹŴ򹷵ļƻô죿ѵβܣĿ˾ĹҵеĲ̡˵ܰ𣿿ֵֵΣ
ɾǸģҪ˵ԼæǰæίˣһֱͣڰҪ˵ˣͿʼŷң뵽˵ˡ
˵ôˣ˦ƹ񵱵ĵ̹ÿ첻ҪӦƺҪȥҪˡÿ춼Ǽһǰܰ߿˿ġ
Ҹ˵ҵʱһǸնεģǣһСᰶһܰȫĵطҲͰɳˡ
ﰵһ䱿ȻЩģôҪ½ɾȥ
ɾĻȻû˵꣬ʵҲеȫͬǼСᰶ紺磬ŲǸնεġʵҲ񣬰ѽҶüûСᰶˣ϶ˣҲ֪ʲôֻݣ۾͸ҳĶɣҿȥģ͵͵ȥҡ
µķϻ붼ûȥɾĴϲᰣ֪Ǻˣȴĺܡ
û뵽ǲͽˡ
³ᰣǰǲΣգȵڰȫĵطڿԸʵֲˡ
ƺħͨһȱľ¥ƺһ᲻ֶΡ
뵽Ҳסˡ
ظɾ¥Ǳ˵ֹһ䣬СӣǲΪʦʡġ
뷭˸ȥһ⡣
*
۾ȴǰģʲô
ֻҹֱԴȻײһϣ˻һ˻ȥ
̧һʲôͷϣĴʶԾˣһε
ŲʹҪ˵뿪̫ãʱҲδȫָһʱ򲻿סӡ
ŭˣһѷ˻˳ָХϷġӡʿˡ
ֱ۴ӡӡʱ򣬲һ¡
ֻ⴦ڹ˰׷Զһӣϰڷơ򡢼Ʒ
Ŀɿڴ⡭
侹һãɵһ߹ײġ


117 
ͷһϵĽ, ᣬͽܰˣǲˣ
ˣ
ʮָӣȻдȡ
뽫ͷҡ˹, ҧϳԼд, ǲ, Сӡ
ʲôû˵뿪, ÿһʱ䶼ữΪųᰣ˵⼸æˣһֱûг֣Ҳ˾úչ
벻, ǰͽܻô, ôͻȻҪѡˣıδҲ̫ˡ
һϡ뿪, ܿ쵽һ¥, ͼ̨žʵĽĿ, һֻľ
еöƵһЩһ¥û, СӭҪҪԵ㶫
뵹ǲͲסơ
¥ľƣһһĺá
лԼӹײ, ּ¥һɰȻ󣬱֪, Ͳôżȥҳ, ҪС˲һƣѰ˸λ
û, ˵¥ҪŻ¥𣿵ʱôأкȤԣ
ɲ, Ҳȫ洦¥λʵΣţŪһ͹Ŵˣ밡¥ǿܸ˿𣿡
΢΢һŤͷʵλѣЩʲô
˿˶һۣλ󣬿ϵȴЩ
ϵԲͬһźߡ
סȫģʱҪԶԽƿһ룬¶İüۣ˹ġ
˿Ŷϵֻ㶣Ҳû⣬Žˣ¥պһ𡣡
ԭ˵лΪԼһƣ۵׻һĨȻЦ⡣
ƺ͸ӾŪ˾֪б¡
Ŀ֮£¥ڣȥеġ
һ磬ȥģ취ֹС
һȾһĥ£̨ϵͣ˶ûע⵽ֱ顱һ촫ŻԲ̨
ԭһӽһظԲ̨ϡ
̨ϵŮ輧ûϵ˻ͻȻ֣ȫĶ㵽һߡ
뿴һǰӣһŶϷѺӡ
ӵͻȻ֣ڰһ˲ֻ˵¥ڻȫµʿķĸ֣ȴԭǴţģӵһһҵĶ֡ҿţ۵ģȺҷˡ
⻰˵ʵţǰ¥ڵ˶ˣŭ쵰⻰ʲô˼˭أ
˴ĿȫߣĿʾˣԿչʵԼ˭ò
ƵҲǸģܿһƬ
˿ȥˣôȥǰ취˵˵Щϻֵ¼°ɡ
Ӻһ䱸ôĪԶ٣
µĻУһжĹأ㲻˵ûӮ𣿽Ǿ͸ˣķڷ
ǴӶһǴġ
ͷͼһߵӣŴ磬ͲϲΪԵǸΪĻ
룬Ӧĸ̼ˣСү
ԺٺЦһ֪ߵغСӣ㿴ҵ汾¡
˵ųϵѽװ˽ȥνˮһͽ
һְѣ˭
ƣ̬ȣȻûڳ˷
ΧҲŭӴ¥ĶķڳҲ֪ȻǸ֣˭Ըǰһˮˡ
ɨһΧôû˸

˵Ȼλ꣬벻ü¸Լ˱ƣζĿ
ܿվ˶ԣôģ
ЦһҲΪѣ򵥵ģĴСΣ
á
ľֿʼܶ˶ΧȥΨжŲ
ܿ죬ͳˣүҰܡ
޲޺̾Ҳο꣬һ濴ţһȻһơ
үܺӸΪţĺܶվ˳ȻһⶼǲҰܡ
ӶԶĵŭӣָӵı϶ǧˣģôδζӮ
ЦǧڿЦ𣿡
öó¥ӶƵģٿأҿ˵ǰ˾¥˶ԶĶأôӮ˾¥Ҳǳǧ䲻𣬾ͳ
㣡
˶ԶȻߣĲȫˣȻĲᡣ
˲мĿһۣܿתߣûǾͽ¥ҡҵҪ¥мֱ¡
Χֿһôô⿴ǰ԰أҽаᰣֱǿЦ
ͽꣿ
һͷоƣλһԲ̨ȥڣ̤Բ̨Ӷ档
´Ŷ룬ȷ¥ˣ
Цصͷҡ


118 
۵Գɵɫ, תͷĿҪĳӲؿסˡ
Ҳڿ룬Χ˽ɫ, ץɢϵš
Ƭ̺, 뿴, ô, ŲҪ뱾¥һˣ
ӵ¥ˣΧС̸Ѿˡ
ʼ磬һҲûʶݵľȣ̧һУѾ͵
뽫Ӷȥ, ҡ˼˵ʲôݲҪ, 㲻Ҹ档
Цһ, ȡ衣
ЦЦ, û˵ʲô, ֻҡ˼, һš
ƿѣһһƬž֮Уڳ˶ס˺
ѱƿ, ¶µӣ˿ҡĵ, ޲̾
˿һ, һʲôû˵, ֮ʮԡ
뵹ǲŭͷǰ͵, һú˼Ƶġ
뽫棬һѰסҡ
ƿҡ䲻ǱӣҲԶʤ롣
Σӻﲻ޵⡣
һЦܾûˣĺܡ
̬ȣûӷʮŭһãǱʤҶķڷһ֣͵Ǹˡ
ܳӣŵǿǶлˡ
ľ𣬵һֶȻ䣬ŭҲż
ӹƹٴҡС
ζҡѵʱЩڳ˵ӵϺ¡
ӵȵĲͷˣ˾ͳ䣬ιʱ䣬ôֻԼĸѿˡ
̬ȣ϶Ӯһ
벻ӦרĵҡѣȻ۵һĨЦ⣬Ӽ״²ɿһ
ڣ뽫ѷŵϣǡڴʱһ˫޳ȵִӺֱ̽ϡ
ͷͼ֪ʱվһˡ˱߳ͷߺ¶䡣
֮ߣ뻹ǵһ۾˳ǳᰡ
²ʱͻȻϣĵһӦǾϢûв
ڵʱ䣬᰾ɳô
ţȻʶǲǼ²ڳ᰿һ߾Һš
ᰵһΡ
ƭᰵɣѾˣ˿̿ų᰽ߵĵûɵһ˿ŵ
ֻĨŵֵ̫죬쵽Լûü׽
㡭˵ȥ᰸ֱϵָսˡ
ͷͼᰵָָ̽죬Ǿʮָ۵ƣƿˡ
Ǳӡ
һȺҵĻ
˵ɴ۾૵ӡôܣ
̲סԳᰵʲôˣ
ᰲ˵ʻеעڶϡ
ʦͽ˴ʱľ뼫ĺ󱳾͵ڳᰵϣһֻʮָۡƣǱڻһ
᰸о˵¶ǲɷŻ˺¾˶һ
û֪ᰲԼú͹ľϵĽƱ˶֮飬Ҳû֪ϵãٵĹľͿһ˵ĹײĵʱĵӵĻ̿벻û֪¥ڿźߵĶʱ顣
վڽĿһֱڶϣŶƣŶ˽̸
ǰǰһΡ
ֱֱУ̬ȣڿƲסǰȥ
ĴᰲŸȷһжġ
һ̣ᰲ֪˶ſסĳ嶯
ʱ⣬ھ裬ҲԼζص
ķʽԼǿǿ̤Ϲޣǿߵ̬ڶǰ
նԼ·ȴ·תʦ𣬻ˡ


119 
ᰲ, Ҳû˵
˿̵עڳ۵ϡѾƿˣȴûַſ
ܹĸܵᰵ˳ļ/¶Щ˵ĵز
ɻüĥ, ϵ¶ôô, Īˣ
ܿͷ뷨, ˹, ǰֻ̤ţûô
룬Īʹõ¶̫ͣӱѳ, һʱӦ
ͷĥ, ûע⵽֮˿, ȹ, ִżİ⡣
˵òӦ, ̲סһ顣
˷Ӧ, ȥߺһ˫ī۵͸ĮȻ⣬̲סһ, ܿǿ
ûдһ˲۵ľţƿڵô, ŲҪ뱾¥һˣ
˵ȫͬ, ŵءЦ⡣
һ, ȥᰣȴѴĿ⿴§ڻˡ
Ķ̲ס¡˵仰, ˵һ޶ֺ񡭡Щһ
ڶ뿴⻰Ǹ˵ģǹ˵ģǵ٩ִŲ˵ǣ·СƵģȴ˵ĵ׺ο
̲סתͷǡҲڿ˵ײһͼ˫һ䣬۵׸ֳһĨЦ⣬ƺǧǹ⡣
©һģգգۣҲû˷ϣֻ֣ǰôû۾ÿ
˳ᰵĻ󣬲ûԶʱƵɻΪΧ˵ķӦͻȻֵ¥ˡ
ͻȻĳᰣϵ治ˣڶϵϣ͸¶ĳֲ־塣
ʵȷ˵˱¥ȴˡ
ô˫۾ţֻӲͷƤӹѣÿһһҡĵǳģȻҡǱӡ
ڶ֣ˡ
˲ĵضӣ֪뵽ʲô۵׵ɫüᶨ롣
뽫ѽע⵽ֱᰵǿһġͷѯʣ͸еᰵָǶָУһͬҡ
һ죬ѱڶϣϴһҡȻǱӡ
֣ܡ
һ̣Ǿһ˲󱬷Ļ̲סеⲻܣǣǡ
룬ϾҡӴײ˴ˣ򲻸еڶεĵ
밲ЦѣôСӡ
ԺŴһ£˵ɣ㷽һΣҲи㣬ʵʤΣ
ʤֶǸ˶УҪ˵ĳ֣ڶһֱҵģδ
˵´Ҫһּ֣ɵĳᰡ
ûκιԵģĳһͲǡ
ע⵽˵Ŀ⣬㲻ؿҪ𣿡
ʼûгԣһҧá
ľ𣬽ͬǲµһΡ


١
Χ۵˻ЩţһһΣҲȤˣ˽еӮ˵ģ𣿡
ǣǲ䲻𰡡
䲻ͱ
ѶĺۣеעϣΧ˵Ľкͣ䣬ͣĺһΣһΣһΡ
뵹û˵ʲôһֱ棬֪˶ãΧ̲סҪɢ˵ʱ򣬶뽫һ˲ˣˡ
ʵ壬öء
ٿˣֻʪ͸Ǵˮ̳һ㡣
˫ֽŶߺһ˫۾׺ݵصŶ롣
󣬺ӷſʼҾ;֣ΪƶԼӮ
˲˵ֻ괭Ŵ
ţȻԭġͳǳᰡ
ŤͷŶԸꡣ
϶װ֪񣬳ᰵЦһ
ΪĽܸоǻĲúܣǺ㿪
̧һϵ˲ķѿֻڲһһ͸ϸߡ
ʲô
ȺдԽ̸
ڱеģ
ǰɡ
˸òǡɣô󵨡
ᰵλֽš
¥ƵģѰҪҡǲܵģֻͨЩߡԼҡȱӵ͵ĵ
ͨ˵ĽУѹԵʤˣϧ˶ᰡ
¶Ȼɫԭˡô˵ߵ촽ȴǺģ
룬ʦͽ˵Ľ̸ӼʶƣŵǶɸ
˰ҪܣԱߵ¥סˡֱʱ˲ŷ֣˵Ϊʵߡ
˱סϵߵϳݣеϵãǶԬ
Ԭ֮˿֪ܲˣ˽Ķͽûв֪˵ġ
¥ϻ۵Ҳ֮ˣҲкܶãҵ¥ĸӵܡ˵˵ڶս޲ʤԭġġ
ޣʹֶΣ޳֮
ǧץ¥Ĺʲôǿֿţ
ڻˣһеŹӣ˵ֻ˴ļΣգҲҵȾң
˿ȥľʼԶĵꡣ
û뵽˾ὫŭӣѪˡ
ô˵ȴԣӾҪܣӵסǡ
̵ʿֻС¥Ƕ˺ܿܣҲסˡ
һ־ʹ˽к޺ţʮ̶ִᰱŶ뿪ˡ
걻ڵϣҲ֪Լˣ޵ıһһѣңҺϲ˾¥ֻǲնΡ¥ԲŻᡭŻҪһΰɣ´ҲҲˡ
ͬһġ
¥¥¥ĹأľֳǧǾͶ׵ֻ֡
ת꣬㣬ĻȻ¥ˣط¥ʴȣֻͬһֻ֡
ţ˫һ˹ȥ
*
ᰴӴ˶¥ص䣬׼ôǣ
ᰴţЦЦڵϳȥˡߵߣˮ˱ˮ
뽫ժˣŵϣڸս¥涢˺ܶ࣬Ҳܶࡣ˸ˣǲʵ㡣¥Ǵã岻㣬պ鷳ֻԴԴϣػʮͷۡ
ңƺ
仰û˵
ס᰽ˮݸ룬ʮȻĴ˻⣬˰ɣʲôȥ
λãýһЩᰵ̬ȣаգͱˡ
뱨һᰵͷңҺܿ
ֱ뿪˷䣬ŷӦո˵ʲôţ
*
һߣ˾ڴԼԼ壬ŲͷҲ̧˱ͳȥˣ
ǡ
˾Ťͷ⣬Ҵ
ǡ
˾ͷָ̧ԶϵһҴ󴬣ôڴϿˡ
ϣ¥ҩ̵Ĵҽ˵á
̴һ˾ɫǣ¥˵ֱ۸նϣٽϡ
˾㶣òЦ૵أҲ֪˭˵Щʲô
˾屾Ϊѳᰵӣ˺ˣ˽ִ׼ûУ˵ֱۣû뵽ڴϰ˴
ݣִһ˿飬Ѿˡ
ô˾ܻ˺ܱ̬ĿУֻб̬ϲ
֪᰾ˡ
˾忴ǰĳǺܺöģʲô͸ܿ⼸£ԽԽˣ񣬲²͸˼
Ǹ˼ȻˣͲòĵˡ
*
뿪ֻʣ¶һˡ£ķ
ⲻǳԭסǼӣԭ˺ܶ࣬һӦҾ߰Ҳӻ¡
ϷһµСӣǧǳѰҸġ
ǡ񡱵ʱ
û뵽ᰰ˷䣬һˡ
ָŪһǼСǧָϸϸ֧ܣּӱõĸɸɾûˣ᰻һֱдɨ
תһȦһţһƣֻһ
۾һ˴һȪ


120 
ʳлʱ, ַпһˣһ˲۵׸ֳźµɫ
ҴҽʳзŵϣɴұˣҲûֶӰ
żžġտķ, ·ոշһ, һΡͬһ, , ʲôûС
ѰĽŲͣһְĿڣǾ޷ܣҲʼü١
˫ͫɫҲԽԽ, ۵кâһ, ʱ, ׽һϸ΢ˮ
͵תͷ, 첽ǰһδİšֻ, ȪһӰ
Ӱת, ŴЦᰶãһ׸ɾ·
ᰵĿڶ, ָ̲ס߬ˡ
Ǹ˾ǰֿɼĵط, һ˻ȥ, ݺݱ۾ʱɫѻָ糣
ȡһ׸ɾŵ, ת뿪
ϴʱ򣬳ѽ˰ˡ
۵зƶ, ɫ峴ʱߣɫŨĺСţбըۣ֭㣬һʳʳָ󶯡
Ӽһˣ̰ͼڸ֮ˣ֮ϤζֱӽǰǶοңʱ⡣
ֱʱʶԭʮζƺЩ£ųᰣҲӦڿġ
һ㣬һʱû˵ҲĬš
Ƭ̺󣬶ع᰻վţ³Էȴת߿ˡ
ɻƬ̺ͼһɲ˹ԭҪͷ
ô鷳
᰽ʪϸĲţеͷ˲źá
˺ֳĬ
Ĵ룬Ҳʱ֮պܹ죬ѵЩڡ
ǸǰȫܷģڶȴѵЩ㷵ġ
񣬳᰻δйһʦ
ǿųᰳģô᰼Ψһһλ͵͵ҩǴΣɾǸʱ򣬳Ҳû
ѵЩͷۣʱ˵ˡ
عó³Է
ºǰһϸظ벼ˡ
ᰵ Һܾò³ˣЩ裬ζܲһЩ
ûУͦõģҶԡ
ԣв˵ֶһ£ǿӼסСžͻˣֻӣ뿴ʱɫ
ºᰶҡ
ǡڴʱߵţֹȥţԭ̴˾
һ浹һ˵ǽ¥Ʒʦ¾ƣζ˵ŽһƷŵ˶ǰ
˵ĻˣȻǼʱڳᰵעжƱǳһڣЦţڸȷʵ
һ̧ͼᰶƱվǣ
ᰵⱭҾʦ𡣡
ʦ
򵥵֣ȴһֱ֧ߵڣᰲɺۿΰľƱͷһ
ӭ˵Һܸˡ
ʦͬŶ˶źȸ˱оƣȴֵһͷһں¡
⻹ֽŵ˵ı
뵽ľæȰźȾƣԲ˳Բˡ
Ȱ裬ǳˣ᰺ܿſ˯ˡ
ĦеľƱЩΣųᰵľǰȣˡ
Ҳá
Ū޵Щ˿νǵӦ֣ųδˣȻҲֵģųᰵ۾һʱ֪οڡ
ƭ̫ˡ
Ȼֶ򲻿ϳϵġ
˯ˣĳҲû˳Է£λһ᰷˴ϡ
ϸĵҴñӣ£ԴϨҲ֪˶ãĺ೤˯ˡ
ڰУϢ۾ؿŽߵգ̲סֽ§˻
˾˵ǶԵģֶǿġ꣬ĿɲֻΪ
֮װǺƲסص顣
ֻԼ֪˶ѹסǻҪ˼밮⡣
ǰǸǣþͣţð֮£޷ˡ
*
ǳߵԵʣһ˯øⰲȣˡ
ʦˣʱƵģ߸ѣ᰾Žˡ
硣˸̵شӴ
硣ӦһߺеĶŵϣ߹ȥȡ¼ϵ봩ϡ
һϵһʱ̫ϣûüʦ׼ʦȴҵĴպϼգ˰ʦĳߴȥˡ
뿴ԼԳӣڳͷϱȻһ£Ϊ꣬ˡ
ЦЦһǰᣬǳˡʦȥϴԷɡ
šһϴԡߣһʲô
ˣʦͽ˵ദģʽ·صǰ
ֻǱ˴ﶼ֮仹һЩûнǶĬû
ʵʱúܿ죬ת۾͹졣
գڳ׼ˣͼһ̴ŵش˽
¥ˡ
ŶϢᰵĶͣôˣ
˵ڷдģҪСĴ˻ء
ɫһ䣬ס¥㣬鲼뷨
ЩһͣƱҪôſϰݡ
ᰴҴҸϵͼڷм䣬ɵĽΧΧ쳣
ʦ͵̴ӵȥ֪ͨ˾¡
ǡҴܿˡ
᰹ǶˣҲ˲࣬һ˶ߡ
ʦ𡣡
һӦһᰵǸǸСĴˣ鷳ˡ
û¡ᰵʹȥ˵꣬͸оеˣžͼһ˶ĺڶڶ
Ӻڶдǿֱӽǳ˽ȥǧһ֮ʣһס󣬽˳˻
ڶҲ֪жֻһֱ׹׹
棬Ÿָɱһ§Ŷ ڻУһһһѹ׹ĳС
ԨȥΣգ֪˶óᰵ˫ڴʵĵ档
ᰵһʱĶһû£ųᰵЩӡ
ǰκΣǽ᰻󣬻ȫûѳɳֵزԽİȻˡ
ɫ죬ȷϵʦĲˣ
û¡ЦֻǾЩοͬʱĵ׻һ˵ζڳߣɳġ
ܿʰ飬żԨĽ⣬Χ
һķķ䣬ڿһӸ˵ĸоҲʮֲ򵥡
᰸ڶ󣬵¥ѺôߵҡҲǹѺͨĵطܹ¥Ĳһˣ⿴Ƽ򵥵ңȻ


121 
һ, ̧ǰǽڣһŸͻȻϷͷ¡
վڶĳ䣬˲ķѡ⻹û꣬ǽͻȻԤ׵ش̳ʮ/ǹ
Щ/ǹ໥, ޹ɿ, ϴźȻƥ, һСľͻᱻͱɸӡ
ڽ˸, ֪ͣ˶ãֹЪ
֣ͣŽ, һΧ, ֿ˿ǽ, ʱǳȥ, , ˾ǰɡ
һ, 뿪˴סǵģʵûбҪΪðա᰽ڵϣҲ, ˳һ
ȻһȾʱ˾һֱûг֡
̲סü, ˾¶ϲĪǸûҵ˾壿˾⼸պȷʵͦæ, ˡ
ţ뿿, 岻ɽһ˲һʦ
һ, ˵ᰶģΪʦеˡ
ѿڵ˯ֱٴʵֳôݡ
⼸ҹϳᰶǲҺ۵ģ¶ǰһһ˯ѡ
ȰԼܣڿɲ˯ʱ᰾Լôʦ𣬱˯˵Ựɡ
ͦϲ飬һƣԼĸ㣺ð
˱˵
ʱ䶼Ƕ˵˵ĻҲûʲôӪЩܵĶȤ£˵ЩҲ֪Լᾫ񣬻붺᰿ġ
ᰲʱӦϼ䣬żᱻЦССշ̸ܰУŶºĽڳװ
˵ң侲󣬳ע⵽˵ʱ̬ܷɣ͸һʵζ񲢲˾ٵ¡
ǰȫܵġĵط͸ôȥˣһûС
᰻ע⵽Ŷڿػزõʱ۵׷˸ԾԾԵĹʣհסˣʲôû
ʵǺܲģ˼תĽĪʦƻûãԲŻţǲ¶ģ
᰺ܿ뷨ҴҸϵ¥ϵʱ򣬶ӦЩģΪҪô
˼һ͵뵽վƺԼӣһֱڴ˴ȥڡ
Ȼ᰺ܲϣֻܽͶ˾
룬һ֪£ַʽֹ˾һ
ԨĽϨһƬᰵĿҵǽϡ
̫ˣΪܴӴ˵뿪ֻ˸ָϰ
뵽ĵһԵĿɬζԭһֱܲȥʵ˳
ʦꡭΪһֱҡ
Ĵ𰸶ǰ׼ˣʱΧһƬڣÿᰵ۾α࣬ĺǰħ궯Ҳ֪·ͻȻһʱ˲㡭
ʦҷ˹ǣ
Ĭ֪Լסǰ᰾ʱоҪȥ޽ʱѲµˡ
ڳ˵벢⣬ЦЦá
̫ɣᰵĲǰѪ⣬ϳĹͷһѰ
ûӺײһ£ЦŵΪʦ˵ҪһֵıǲǱϴļԨ
ᰵ˵һʲô̫ᣬû壬ᰱظһ飬𣿡
ţ
ǣ۲ۣᰵżŵĲ
ͿڳϣܹоϸϸĲšЦ⣬òۡᰶޡ
ҡͷ˵
֪˶ãᰵȶǸʦʧ̬ˡ
ûϵ̧˳ᰵͷЦΪʦǰôԣû˻Ц㡣
ڰһȻڵŵ㲻صģǶ£ʡ֪ǱݺģôΪɱħ۾˽⣬Ƕƽȥġ
ᰵģ
ЦȻƺϴڣܳʲô£ȰĽˣΪʦĺȥˣҲƺһжΪʦģίˣպ󣬻úòǵġ
ǰŵǸҹ£˳ƺֻǱڰ֪
벢֪׼õⷬ˵ǣһʼͱʶˡ
ûгš
ûע⵽ᰲĳĬЦ˵֪¥˵ʱһ˭뵽˾ҲսʤĶ֣ⷬҲǻˡҿҲȤĺܣ֪һطɽˮԴȥСסһʱ䣿
ڰУ᰷ϥϵ߬ˡַʽħ֡
֪ôΪãǿƲסĵ׵ĸŵֻһ仰
Ϊβң
ֻҪһ仰ʲôΪ
*
һߣ粻ʿ֪¥ڵͨˣǶйעڵⳡ硣
ǿ¥ǧ꣬δκ׳Ƴ˷ƺܲ¥ʵ˺ĺܡ
˿˶ľ֣ĵľ
Ϊ¥ǰϲųҲΪǰ¥¥˭֪ûôӲĹź˫ӮֶΪ
ⳳУһӡ¥ӡǵĻɽһ·ڡ
ڣ˾һִӣһתͷ·̲ܰס¥ڿʲô
Ҫ˾¡˾ջĿ⣬Цûʲô
ܰɻؿһۣҲͬͷˮ
˾ôģ룺۾ѽ˷ǽˣɱ꼰ѽ
Լ˵ĺƵģ۵׷˸ſϷĹâ
ܿɽڵĵѺΪ׵ĺȻ֡
䲻еĵλǷǳߵģվȺ򣬿˵ʮָ¥ˡ
˾ԶͳЦ
ЦŻͬʱĿⲻźۼ˾һɨֻŶŮͯ
Ц˾£λɾڵ
˴ȻҼƺͱɾ֮⣬һЩڣӦڵĹ㡣
˾¶ӣЦڣ׿Ȼ죬찡
ɾ飬ϲ˴ڴ˴ӡ
⻰ƿЦڳжһ⻰Ÿһĺġ
˾ЦлɾһҰڹˣֻ»鷳
װ׵ľܾˡ


122 
ھһ˲, һڵ˾£ô»ٴΪá
˾΢ЦʮִݣȻ
˾յģֵҿ»Ҫ̶¥˼, ֪¥ںδ·ϵˣ
¥ǡ, һʱѲ, ǰ
˾廷ӵ, ˾ĳǰȡ¥⣬¥һɽԿ
Цǣ˿¥˾µΪΡ
˾䴽һЦȷŵһ, ϵĲˮȡ
˺Ȼɫ, ָ˾ʵ¥Ǻô, װд¥ڴ, ȴֻһСС, Ϊ, δλɾ
˾˹Ų裬һû͸ˣȫһ
˼ƺɾǰ, ɫΪѿֱһ, һֱ˾ȥ
ܰǰ, ˾ֹˡ
˾彫豭ŵϣƵ, ֻৡһչͬʱ, ǹȻת˷˻ȥֵŸ첲ʹ
ȥͼָѪ
󵨣
ҵŶλɾˣ
ڵӼ״ʱŭ׷װγ彣ܰöҲʾ̵˾ǰ
̼佣˾ҡӣȴ⣬Ŀ⻺ɨڳˣЦڵĴ֮տ˾ĳ˴۽硣
˾˵ƢǼõģҲûģûʲô¥ˣλӸλ꣬ϵǾͳˡ
Щڵ˾ɨʱĵײ֪Ϊξһη֮⡣
˫ţƺȻڵ˾ɾĹͣ񣬻¡
ƺˣЩ˱˻ȥƵ˿ڲʵص˾塣
ֵŽ˾񡣡
ҡŽĲԸɫջ˾񣬵Ǹ
ͶˡɾЦУһͺĲźá
˾岻ÿɷλƺɾλɾ˼ֻ֪¥Գ֮κҲһġǡ
û뵽ƺὫֱܾӵ˵ڵ˶һƺ׸һĨɫ
ɾ˾£
˾ȥĽŲһ֪ͣɾкָ̡
̸ָϣ˾¥ɾȻ˳ƺ
˾΢һüɾƺɲԡ
ɾ΢΢һЦ˾¥紫¥̽ӱ֮ڶҪʤһǰʱ¥̨Ե˾¥ѲˣҲк֡
֡˾ǾʮȤظ֡
ɾǶ¥׼ĺ֡˶Ϊ¥ʵȻ¥ȨȻ㡣
˾Ͽκȴһӡڲ֪˿ɾ˵ȷʵʵȴɱĴֲ
⻰˵Щˣǧɢݵѽĥƽ
δħ屻ϵǧ󣬾˸Ҵ¥⡣
˾ĵ׿ЦһƴȫͲǧңɢʱ⣬Ƿģֻǵ㲦֮
ɾ˾¥ǴˣҲ˽粢Ͽǰƽ˾ħڰ䲻֪ǺĿģ¥ȷʵˡԳɹһΣѱһΣ֣˫ӮֶΪ
˾ЦŸƣɾ˼άпգſ¥һµ˵Ŀʱɾ
ڵЩ˶Թ޵ɾʮ𾴣˾񣬵ŭˣ
GɾֹȺŭĵӣ˾嵹ǺƢĪ˵Ĳԣ
Ҽ˰ˡ˾һʼ磬¥ȷʵ֮ϣԸķ䡣ɾ˵ħ壬ĪҪˣҵ¿ɴûõϢ
˾ҪߣȴӵӿһȺˣʵʵؽΧ
˾ͷ֪λɾǺ⣿
ƺ˾۳Ͷ٣ˣͷԲڴСסһʱ䣬¥ˣ
ڴڵħĵһߣЩУƺΪΪ˽롣
˾ĺܣƺĵҪᰣҪ¥С
۾ľȷģҳû
˾һôţһЦðվҼʶһ£ڵʵΡ
˾廰£¶ȶȻ㡣
ɾ۵һĨ֮ɫڴʱȻӵĺ˴ɽ
˷ӦֱһϮڵǰڵӾɨɳȥ
ȥƲֱڵƺײȥƺ۾һУֱ֣㽫Ǿ絲
ڴˣ
/ʹУֻһӰڵǰ棬
ˣ˾üͷһôˣ۾أ


123 
ڵ˻ɵ־Ŀ, ̧ſڣ̫ʤЩڵϵڵ̲ס澪ŵȥ
ЩΪֱ˾ǰ, ȷ˾û˲תƺ
˵Ŀڰн, һ˲ƺͷһ, ǰ֮һ
⻹ô, ƺһθܵв΢۾¥ųº󣬳ᰶƺ޵ҧг, , ȴҪ侲Ķࡣ
ƺʱ, Ц
ɾҪ¥, ұˡκֱ˵, Ϊ˾¡
˵ſ˾һۡ
˾պͶֿ˳һ, ʱ飬һʱᰶӡ
˳ᰵĻھһ˲ǿ˾ȷʵҪǻ˼¥ײ, ʵмΡ
ǰ͵¥ˡ
Ŷ᣿
ֵɾֻǾ˾;, ڴ˵ذЪ, ûҪΪѵ˼
᰿һۣÿɷ, ת˾壬˾, 𣿡
˾Ųòųᰵ۾Ц˵ǡ£ֵ¥㲻ҪҪˣ̽ˡ
ᰵæˣȻ͹ˡ
˾ºɣʲôæˣѵ۾⣿ôţһ˵ˣ³ۣɲδĴڣôȷˡ
ܿ˾еӷ˲
ƺ¥¥һ򽻺ãﲢˣժ˰ɡ
˾̲ס̧ͷֻǲڣᰵɾˣҴ߲ǳڽСģֻСĿªʾˡ
˾̲סΪᰵ˸ޣ͹ǡ
ƺ֪˼֣ͷԭˣðˡ
Ƶ¥ĺϣᰵķӦ˾һ¡Լ󣬳᰾Ҫ뿪ˣƺֻ÷뿪
һ·Զȥĺ̲סüλɾҪô죿
ƺû˵Ŀȥķ򣬲֪Щʲô
ɾҼ˾λ¥ǳȷħûиϵǰˡںˣħӦưոݡ
ֿ˿Ĭƺ΢šüͷҲֻˡ
*
ֱбһСڵ㣬ܰŷ³ŤͷᰣļʱҪ˷治ˡ
غһڵȺССϺҲŲ̶
߷ߵع˼񫣬Ȼһ£ᰣôڲ
˾ֿӳᰵܰò֪飬Ա߱ۼµ˾װȥˣͿһǰ㵽ȥˣǵҲ㣬ֻгˡ
᰿˾һۣвŭżЦЦ˾岻ɻһݣǺǸЦ˵Щʲôȥ͵һߣͣ
ôˣö˶˵ĳôͣˣ⾲ĵأӦһۣҪƿȥ鿴˾ۼֹֿˡ
𶯣
ɫȻ˾壬¥ôˣ
ܰԶȴĵһָڴϣ
Թɻɫʧˣȡ֮һ֮ɫ
뿪ڵĵؽ磬˵壬΢㣬һ·ϸǻˣ󣬴ʱȴһ˿ûУŵĿ¡
ڽܰСϵӣֻԭõһƬڣǷζ
Ϣظϲе˾Цûسϸá
촽ʮ˷ܣ̶
ߣųһͺȣͬʱˣǰŸ뿪һ̾顱һǰؽۡ
˾һΪİ֮Ǿܺãܺá
ǦܲΧ˾廰£Ѹײڶ֮ƴ˳ᰣ˾Ϯȥ
˾ͺȵѪħӡ
ѪħħϢϢأ˶ţȴࡣЩоͰܰá
ΪǿЩܽܰö˾Ͳͬˡ
˾Զ꣬ҪΪ̶ȣȴԶᰣҪ˵㣬Ȼ㹻СģǱˡ
ǰȣһ̺ɱĵһײ
᰻˵Ķ̶̹򣬾ͼЩת۾γһϣ˾ǳ׸ˡ
վԭأΧŨīһĺڣҰŵĵز
ܱնڰĻǷǳս˵ԵģȻվ̬Ȼһ˿ҡȴţ֪˶ãֻһȻɱϮ
ڰгһ䣬תһƻѤӰֻͬߡ
ᰳ¼ȻˣβĿʾˣĪҲһĿªҼˣ
˲𻰣гһΪյĻȡδһ֣᰾ϳˣƺ
뵽ǰţԼƺʱ޻ֻ֮Ǳ룬ᰵ۵׽ȾһѪ֮ɫѪҺţҪƺشһ
˽ֽδ桢֮ѪħɵġǽڡĿ̺ۡ
Ѫħӷţһʱ޷ϱٵĿȱѵɢĵǣȥЩ
֪˶ãֻһ촫⴦ռھһĳС
ǽڡͻȻԤ׵سյƣڵĿռͼв֪ʱһѽֱƺʺƺгҲڳᰵľϡ
ϵڷŵһսѣʱ಻ԡ
ᰡƺ֣ݼƴѪζ㡣
΢΢һЦȵżԨþòɾŶˣơħ
ССĿռ¶ƽ˱㡣
ãƺЦһ겻ΪǾ٣ٱǰҪ̫ˡ
ü΢΢һδƺＤŭЦҪлħı޲ߣˣҲнա
̬ˣƺϸ΢ı仯㲻ΪƾһСС¥࿹˰ɣ
û˵ָֻһɫĻָɳֱƺײȥƺò˶ܡ
ԭˡƺؿųᰣԭǷ˹ĵ
ΪһЩԭƺԳӵз˻¼ʵķųᰣɫ׶Ťʱ䣬ɲ㳹ںϷ˹ǣ㲻ҵĶ֡
תг۵׸˪ңȥ׼ɣ˵䣬Ȼħֱնᰡ
ɫ䣬Ԩӭϳ˲䣬һۻħžķ˻𡰺䡱һȼ
ƺɫһ䣬뿪Ϊڼȴ㵣Ǳɨ۵һѪۡ
Ѫ䵽ϣѪħ̰ˣƺϾ˼Щųᰣ۵ǲţħ֮
ůɫӰУֻһźɫŨԳźӿţƺװܣǧδΪ㰡
㡭ƺɫױˣס
Ǻǣǧδֱֳ䡣׵㣬ȴ飬һƻƺϥϣƺĴ˼ɣһ£ڵϡ
̫̾ˣħ峤𱰵Ĺضˣûϵ㣬պˣңҲȲ㡣
µƺɫէէףŲԶĺϾĥ˱Ѫ֮Уڵл̵Сܶ
ûƺкѪɷ⣬һáˣǻһ£λСҽ½ѡ
ֶԳᰵλҵܣǰкγԹպҶԼˣϣܹƽദ
ƺᰶһۣ˶ӶԷп˲ݵĺݾ֮ɫ
׺Ʋδƺ֮İӿһУٻΪһӣȥ
˽ǧ꣬ίʵ࣬¥Ҳһֱæѵͳ˵ˣʵǱǸ
ô˵ţȴްǸ⣬븸֪ͨħֻͨȱһ¥¥ߵ㲻ģֻ׼Ҫˣʱ㸨ҼɡģħǱߣԻԼ䡣
ȫǲҪǿˣƺ֮࣬׺ܻĵųᰵ˵ħ˽ܵ¶˼ˡ
ƺҧĿ֨죬ջǵǾͶлֳˡ
*
ѪħӾȥɫعǰû°ɣûˣףôˣ
ᰵû¡ɨһΧ˾壬⣬ʮȫװĺӣ¥ѡγľӢ
˾ҡԼһǵӣ֪Ͳס׼ߣȥˡ
˾¥ŶӶˣóȥ׼Եģһ̴ӴҴҸ
ôˣ˾Ц㼱УǷʲôˣ
˵¥ӱڰѾ˾Ÿʱˡ
¥֣˾һʱûӦһ׶¥ǳᰡ
һУЦ˵ʲôأ¥Żһء
תͷȥѰԱﻹгᰵӰ
Gո˻أôһת˾Ͳˣ
˾˼Ƭ̣ʵȷ¥ڰ
ǰ
һֱ뿪
Сһֱ¥ȷʵһֱڡ
˾ߣȥ


124 
, һϸ΢ġꡱǻת
˫ۣĳ᰷ǳĺȻδ붨״̬
Ƕ˱˵غ, һ͸ԱĿϢ
ںڶ, ƽʱ붨ʮ, ƱҪЩ, ʱȴ˿ܰȵĴͺá
װ֪ǲ£ֺƭ˵ųһϷħⳡģһоŵ֮С
ô˵ԳᰵĴϻȻ֪Լͽȥǵļƻ
᰼Ϊ, ȥڵ, Ȼˡ
ƭôµСͽ, Щ, ǵᰵİȫ, α㵭ࡣ
εźܿ, ߽˾壬󻹸һ̴ӡ
̴ǡ֡գҴҸȥ֪ͨᰵǸ
˾ߵǰҲû˼, һ°ͣ΢ͷ˾壺
仰˼, һǡǱô, ôڲһ˼ѯ˾ƺ, ôķôõĹ
⻰ȫôˡ
˾彫еĵ̣Цһһʱµ, ¥˵ã˾ĳ׼˾Ʋˣ񡣡
ӡ˾̴ӵ²˾£СܣδѰ¡
޷Ǵȵİڰ֣´עˣε㵽ǹϡ
ǡ
̴ɫ侲Ȳ̿ѰҲģŵǾ仰񲻹˵˵˾忪ѡ
¥źĶͨǶ˾徫ϸѡĸ
Щ֪ܶѰ˲֪¥ڲܣȴԡ
̴˵ĵڣ˾ת˳ϡ
˾Ͽߣ۵ȴصɻ֮ɫ
ⰵֲã䲻紫˵ٷ֮ˣӴ˵غ˵뿪ҲǲܵġҪ˵۾ڴ˴Ϣ뿪ۻصģ
ҿɫƺ֪뿪¡
˾ڵ֣ȷľǳᰱˣǰĿϢˣҲðƵġ
˾ĵһͷĪǳ᰻ɣ
뷨ǰԼЦˣ˾΢΢һӣ˵Ĺǿɲȥ
ֻޡ֮γȥģ
ע⵽˾һֱųᰣҲתͷ˹ȥ
ֻůɫĻڳϣĵˡ
޳üһ˫۾ֻǴʱ˫۾΢΢𣬳Ũܵ۽ë۵ͶµӰƵġ
ʱ˵أ䲻ʱˣҲʵĿ
Ժв֪ĺȻǰ˼仰˵¿ˡ
˵⻰治١͹ˣת˾壺ڿʲô
⻰ʵʮֱ׳ղҲų᰿˺һ⻰ʵģֻܿƵġ
˾ڣǡڴʱ۾˫۾ڻ谵ڣԳīһڵɫ
˾ϳ۾˲䣬Ȼ뵽ڴڻϣһæ
ʱδ˵Ҫʲôæʱһ˾̷Ӧˡ
Ҫģֻ¾ڵ¡ö֪
˾һʱЩЦԷǣĵʦͽ˼ʲôҪű¥ˮ
ţĵҲһ㸴Եζ
ҲųģȴԼô͸ˡ
ûһճ᰻ƭԼʦԶôء
һۻȻ֪ѷƵĶ룬˾̾ʵ˵ƭƭҪļ򵥵Ķࡣ
˵úƭΪ۾Ʋûͷ֮ˡ
ֻǶΪƭƺ۾һֱڹ޵ĵ۹ܵϢǳ͡Ӻġ
һϣռˡ
˾ĵˣʦͽ֮£¥ֻԹ߾ͺˣǾ仰ϣҪ۵ҡ
˾һûʲôҿ¥ˡ֣˵䣬ȳȥɡ
תͷͼᰳЦʦ𡣡
һվֽ
˾سŵ˱˿ɿڵķˡ
˾£ЦΣֶ˾ĳ˵ĳɻ⣿
ɨһۣãֻȱһơ
˾һĶͷˡˣϾơ
˵䣬šëסϸΪָ
˾ˣһͽ̷ʦʮ£㡭
ֻᰵͷ׵ĲϸĲöָ⡣
΢ͷС˵Ҳ֪˵ʲôЦ̧һۣҲЦݡ
˾͸żһҲͽʦ˼»鲻õСޡ
˾ĲһԼóͷ
ƿߣһ̲ס˹ȥ޳üͷ
˾뵽ᰶʬִţ۾뿪Ѷȴһֱʬ岻Ըⰲᡣ
ʵʮֲ
ôΪʲôڶʦأһҪţ
Ϊһݣڴʲô
ĪǳᰶԵ۾веĸ飿
һֱûͬᰱԼݣܲµѳᰵΪǶ϶ϲ˹޵ġ
ôʬͳ˳۾֮ΨһŦ
˾ôţǰԼˡ
Զ˲е˼ǿǴ治ˡ
˾¥ʲôɫѿ
Ȼ˾˼ǿ񣬾ͼᰣһͬ۵׽Դɻɫ
˾忴룬ɫ糣ļѵԸᰵƣûղŵ·ϡ
λûм죬ᰶչ˳Ƶ΢ˡ
չ˵ܵǼγᰵģͲԸԼˡ
ᰣɫ̹Ȼ˾ӣԼ뷨
Ȳ˵ΪΣ˵룬λ꣬˲е˼ֻ类ˡ
ͨһ㣬˾ûʲôҾλ
һٷ˲ʱ룬˾嶼Щ΢ȴſ˯ˡ
붪ƱֲŪһ³ᰵͷ̾ô꣬һ㳤ûС
˾ЦѾ˺ܶ౭ˣǰȣѾܴˡ
˾˵ǿġԣ᰾ǳ
꣬żһȾƣ᰺ͲˣҲ˵˾Ϊˡ
˾һʱ䡣
벻ÿɷùһԵľƺָԼһ˾˺޶ơ
ֳŬŬ죬˵ᰶѾˣҲغˡ
ЦˣҲϣһͷʣµľƺˣ᰷һԵİϣ˯һЩ
ۻ£˵˵ȥڵϸ


125 
ɾ㽫ڵľ˵һ, ֻԹ˳¡
벻¥̴Ψ˾̴ӡҲס
һ˾ҿƺ¥ڱصá
ЦһŴ, ¥ҪС
Ϊƺ¥Ե, ˷, ˾վǵӪС
˾Цֻ̫׵Ľ¥ȥ, ֻġ
ƺ˼ϸܽǱһϡȻһѪźá
һЩˣȻȥˡ˵齱, Ҫᰴȥ
˾忴һڰϺ೤ĳ, ίѵ۾, λ, ûоóʲôطһˣ
һҲ˳һ, ͷǳ˺ܶࡣ
˾ΣҲ˼
ɻ󣺡˼ǣ
Ŷڰ׷۾, ˾йûʲôȴӦҪܣǾһؿƿġ
ĪĿ˾һַۣ᰾Ҫ뿪
۾ڶߵűʱ, ˾̲סʵħ忪սڼ׼ΰóᰣ
һռ, ȥСסһ, ˽ᣬȥ
˾ҲǷ, ڼ㻹˼ķٿռ䣿
Ҫ֪, ⿪ٿռʲô˶ģҪΪǿΪҪķѾ޴ħսڼô˵ʮֲǡ
˾۾з˹ǻΪͻͽħ磬ܴ˲࣬Ĳǡ
㲻˵ˡѾˡ
Ŵֹϣ˾̾૵۾治Ҳ㣬˵ҿɶѾ˵ˡպ󡭡ɲҪҡ
ǡܰ˽Ե¥˭รڸ˭˵Ѿͳ뿪ˡ
˾һЦûлش⣬תʵ˵ʲô
ѾܰҼ˾᰾ãҵͷۡ
˾ͷܰ¥ѾҸ͹ȥ
ء˾֣Ѿһͷȥ
ܰ¥
˾һĨ죬ЦұȽͷ۲ǡֵˣһ£ʱ˵©졣
һߣ뽫᰷ŵϣѵѥӡ
ǹ޵ǳһò˼飬ǳ۾һźˡȻ㲻΢ʮѵˡ
ᰵѥӣҲЩˣСһ֪˯˹ȥ
޺ѳᰶϤ̶ȣֱܹǲ˯ˡ
ڣ֪Լڰȫʵĵطԭ˯˱
Լδע⣬ȴʱ˵˯ˡ
۾谵ķֻ˫΢գ˯úܰȡ
Ǽ뱾Ŀģʱ壬ԺиֵȴǶԼ
ǰ貣£ȴʮˡ
۵ǿɬĶȴʮᣬĽɢڶϵķ˿һԣҴҴӡ
ȻᰵĶһ٣תͷȥ
ħǣħĸ֪ҪͨĶ࣬һתͷȻͼһƼħƯڿС
ҡˣ׵ᰶУòΪʦɾļƻܹɹɣ
û׵ƺ߿ɲϿô׶Ը
ᰵˣ
һЦֻǸһССʾˣ̫ջ˴¡ƺ¹ħҵҲ̫˽
ᰳħǺÿؽ󡣡
׺һҲûգһΣ䶨ˡΣҪϢĺʦ𣿡
ᰲδش⣬˵¥ڲṹоˣ
׵û뵽᰻ôʣһ¡
ƺӦܿܲµʦļƻʦ˾¥⽫¥У׼
׺һʶƵģȤζĿƬ̣Ц૵ǰδҹζ࣬¥ǻҪУһʧźá
*
պ󣬳ᰱ롰˵뿪¥ȥ˵ԴСס졣
˾忴׾ͱڲƭˣϿ϶㡣
ֻϧڶУһֱǹɶ£Υĺͽܡ
˾һ氵ϣ㷭ȲҪ¶Ծı飬һҲıţҪβܲעĽ¥ȥ
ȴ֪ѱ˶ˡ
գ˾˸磬Ҳ֪£ڵϰ𻭼ܣ
գ¥ǳںµġ
˿ֵ峿ӳպ棬̧ͷȥǺˮģƽ⣬ʮĿ
¥һ磬߲ʵȺӵι
żһЩˮµȻʮֺ棬.ǡ磬ڽһһϸСԲȦֺܿɢȥ
˾һִʣմīȴδڻǰ˼±ʡ
ã˾ڶˣֻ̧֣ȴδڻϡ
ʺɨī֭Ľͨ𣬽ŴӰˤڼ׸ˡ
˾庬Цˣαضزء
䣬ͼʮ˳֣Щ˽˾ΧסѪĹ⡣
ʮ˱˴˶һۣмХţͬʱ˹˾лʷɣȺսһ
ܿԣĶ¥ȴ˸Ԯ֣һܰöҲûг֡
¥Ļһճǡ
˾üͷһ壬¥ڵ˽ѵأûиϹΨһĽͱǱסˡ
˾尵ľƺʲôʱ¥Աֲڲṹˣ
˼ˣ˾û˶Ū˼ָһɣһɴܳȥݺݲ.һ˵.С
ʹһѪֹ۾˵ϡ
˾޳ָһգһѳСƬ̣Ⱥ˱㱻ˡ
˾ǰ¥ڲ鿴һ⡣
ǸоʮֲʣǱѪ޶һ㡣
ƮŨѪζ˾Ȼֻһӳ˾һ.ǳֵ֮˵ڿĶñ֮¡
һ֣˾о˲ƺҲֵеκһ
˵ΪƺƵħҲʮ־ħ壬Ǽż֮
˾趯ĳϣò˵ĵ.á
ʿʹõҲУ磬.Ϊ˷ħĪ
˾ҲԶԶʶĵĵ.ǰûǿֲ˵ħȴһģһȻǧ˿Ƶϵ
˾뵽ģҲֻһˡ
ħϥӣսı˫̳и²ʹһֺ..ħԨõȴ˫
һ£˾ħû뵽㾹ڴˣʧ


126 
ΪˣŶ¥, Ϊ㾹ϵҡ
ͬʱˣ˴˶š
˾ϲɫȴԾû뵽ס
ֻħµͨδ, ô
˾ѹͷ, ׵֪ħСС¥, Ϊ£
׽г.һ., ЦƺСӲͬ²ͷ¶βù⡣ҽҲĨǣֱ˵ɡ
˾һơ°΢, Ҫ¥
˾ȵ, ЦħǱЦ, СС¥, ۡǶԴ˵ظȤ, ס, סöСھȥʰ䡣˵תߡ
תһ̣˾ϸֵЦݵȥ۵ӿһɵǳ
δᵽ˵Ĵڣ˵֪顣
׳, ǲ˵ƺһвǻӣʵѾˡ
˾֪Լ͡
ħͨǰ׿, Ҳһǧ, Ļûо޾ԣΪ˱, ¥ܽȥġ
˾߳û׵Ա𣺡ͬĻ, Ҳظڶ顣
˾ͷЦħ
ȴһڳ.ϣ˾ͫȻһֻ.Х֮ƣȴֻ˾һѪۡ
׶ƿأ˵ǵ˵Ƿ켫ĵز
˾ĨһָմȾѪɫһҪǿ𣿡
Ϊ㣬Σ£Ǳַ˻ֱ˾Ĵȥ
ͬʱҲǰָеƺȻ˾塣
˾ɫƮȣض㿪׵Ĺٴսһ
˾ѡ⴦λüãΧǽصĻţ޶ˣʱȴħ˺飬ڵأһƬǽ塣
˾гһĻȣ㲻ұۣȴ½¶ĲѪ⣬ĺ
˾һǡ
ǰײǱ壬ѳһƻǡ
˾תѹо֮սûдеǰ
游սɱķʱ˾廹һֻữεСѪҲͬħѪͳҲδȥ
׿һ䣬һٴι˹
˾ὣǰ׼ȷǱ壬һս֮
Ҳ˾ϣ׻֮ղܾսܿ·硣
ڣ˾ɹף׵Ĳϣ𶯣¡
ײ˾㽫ǰ˼֣ħ¥СҲӲ¡ϣ⵶۵ģС㣬ϣպĪҪҵ鷳źá
ħɣ嶼ʮҪġûʮ޷ԭġ
ҲǶıͨģԹɿ֡
ǰ.Ҳ֪úֲƳɣǧ䵽ϽҳһѺۡ
˾һŽǳ.߿ħ¥ڵʲô֪¥ڲṹͨϢ
䱻ýָŲӣȴЦ:˾£һô⣬ҪȻشĸأ
̬Ȼȫη塣˾ע⵽ͷ΢΢תһ£ڿʲô
һ̣˾巴Ӧ죬Ȼתͼ֪ʱһͬװˡ
˾Ȼ˳ֵϢûв
ֻ֣˾һʱûܶ㿪һơˣֻһѪӿ³һѪ
˳˾ƿأһԿ֡
˾۵׷죬̧ͷĨȥѪŲԶĺˣһơ
׺㣬šǽó.͵˺ǰ
һס˾幥˹ȥ˾ӭϣʱħײĺȻһԵĻľ
̧ץסɵǰĻḧϧϧˣôĻ
˾˽֮󣬷ִõ.һ˵ĸоȴȫͬ
׵ĵ.ꡢ񶾣дҪҪ˱ڵ£ȴͬ
˵õǡС˵˿ԳƵǫǫˡ
˾䲻սĶȣ¥֮ҲսɫɫĶ
˾帺ˣ֪Ǻ˵Ķ֣Ϲ޵Ľսܡ
ֻ˾гѸӰεۻңȻƿ˵Ķñ¶ñῡӡ
ʱ·ֹˣǸǡ
ᰡ
˾岻ŵ۾ô㣿
᰿˾壬Ȼɫ䲢Σֻһ˿źԭ룬㲻֪һΪã
ǰȷˣǱˡ˵žҪֹ֣ˡ
˶Ƭ̣ʼ䣬ðɣҿһǲ֣һǻɱ
ҹ¥ٴθں棬ڲѷ˷츲صı仯ЩӵĿˣȴ֪
ǻЦţţһǵģ
¥ڡ
˾м䣬󡢽϶
εűˣһӰ߽˵Ҫҡ
˾ԳЦⰵԭƵģҲû뵽һһᱻڴˡ
ûнӻ˾̧ͷΪʲô׽һѵ㲻֪׵ĿģĵĳӣҪɡ塣
֪
֪㻹
ɫ䣬ȫյЦ⣺ұ׷ɱҵֻһ˰ˡ
㡭˾һʱ֪˵ʲôųᰣȻֳᰵͫһ㰵죬ϸ޷֡
˾Ȼħˣʲôʱ£
ûлش˾Ȼãǰİĵ˿µĵز㡭һֱΪԼͣ㣬̫ʧˡĿħ֣ɱЩ޹𣿡
ǵҪɱҵʢ˾¥ӦûۼɣҿǻǵһˣΪҪǵ
ųı飬˾ʶԭǴ׷ɱᰲֳǰƵǺԹġ
̫ˣһ꣬˽׷ɱǶôô
޷ȰοЩֻǱƺɱ۾ʱϴϢ㹻Ķǡ
Щɵ˺ʵڣΪһ䱻ƭ˶ʧ
˾Ĭһ۾֪𣿡
֪ġ
һʱһʱҪͣô㣬ôˡ
᰺ȻŭȲңΪҪ¹ĸܣ
˾Ҳˣʦǵ۾ֻһӡ֪ΨһͽܹħһԸθ룿
ССİڿ·ˣ˶Ƭ̣᰺ȻЦˣǲһʼ׼¥ƺҲһѶѡ
˾һԭ㶼֪ˡ
͵۾㣬ǲ㣬ֻǲաӦ֪Ϊƺһֱڵ۹֪ϢҲࡣ֪㾭ʲôҲ֪ܵЩίᰣƺ㣬ѵҪΪ£
ᰵƺʣһһ㡣
˾廹˵ʲôվڴ˴˰ɡˣ㲻صģһᱣ¥ƽ
*
ɫҹ¥һƬ֮󣬺ò֡
վ¥һ䴰ǰ￴ȥܹԵĺ棬Ưںĸɫֻ
ҹɫµĺ棬εĽŲ
˹ƷһеĲ裬ͷҲص˵¥ʮ˼ʹ˻ˣеЩ᲻ˡ
˵Żͷ˵ǲǣᰡ
ߵߣײ
ĿͶԶĵطܹ󺣰ĵƻ
Ǿסںߵ
׵ƺǱ׼ã¥Ҳѵ֣׼Źӭˡ
ᰶԴûʲô£㰲űǡһ£һˡ
ȵȡ׽ס
£
ƺߣҿĳıôãɲйͶռȥȺŧҲģǱħҵϢϢأֹƶˣ»¶ˣȥš
ûеõش̲סȥ
ᰵ㲻εˣҰɡ
׹Цϣ˾˵Ĳǰ㣬һ·ɱڵΣֻҪƺ±ԩͿϴˡħΣĻ㣬Ҳܽô
᰽ӵϱǧѪծʦ̻ҲҲˡ
̾ϢһԼжΪƵģҲûа취ᰣҺķô㣬ʲôرûУǿˡⱾ⣬ҿǲġ
ᰵͷ˵е
׵Ŷͬ⣿
Ȼʦһһǲˣű䶨ˡǱɥ֮Ȯǲپһ顣ֻǵӦҵ¡
Ȼ׵ֻҪҳƺ˳ħ֮λҴӦ£Ȼ


127 
뿪¥, ϻ˶뿪ٵǴռ䡣
Ϊ˺ƭᰣ뽫ٵĿռһɽ֮С˵ˮ󣬵ɾһ㡣
, ᰱҪϵͳѧϰһβݷ˻
¥ʱ, ˾ָ, ֱս͵ĻǺܲһġ
ܸ˵Ӧ, Ҳ˽Լڡ
ԭųһϰģδô, ˵ҪԼϰ, öúϢ
ҲĹǱ߻ͻ״, ƺͻȻ, һкĵųᰵ뿪, ֻ»ŵ
˵᰻, ЦЦ˵á
գһֱڷյУֻϵʱһԷ
ҲΪ, ᰽ղл¥
ڴ˴ռ䣬˵, ˹, ⴦ռͬٿء
뿪δľ
᰻һͷ½, Ŵš
ɫѾԺŵĵϱʩС, еˡ
ĿյϷһСӣϰŹϹģϣһֳŶǣ˫Ŀ΢գȻ˯ˡ
㰲Ȼ׵ľó̲סЦǰһʦ𣬡ô˯ˣʲôȥ
ûлӦ
ֽ˼ȻûзӦᰵϵЦⲻȥ
ļȴһᣬֱϵȥһѽס룬ɫ׳
Զ˴λ᰾֪һ٣ǰʱԼ޷ܡ
ʦˡ
һ뿪ãһꣿꣿ꣬ʮꣿ
᰽ҧĿ֨죬Ŷֱȴʮᣬ·Ƶġ
Ϊ˲˾Ļɣᰴȥ¥δ÷˹ǵǽħ֮
⿪˶ħǵѹƣʱһ˲϶壬Ժۡ
ֻͷѣ̲סһĵһţϹޣ˴úõķǰ
Ȼʲôû
ã᰽ŵϣԼҲһ
һʱ
Թޡϡʱ򣬾ͷֳѳңԱߡ
Ķᰵһʱ俴˹ʦˣ
ţˡϳ᰾۾Щ顣
⼸ղ֪ħжڼԭƺ۹ܵĴˡ
ʱ䣬ˣֻƺҪΪɣص۹ɾ
ƺǣɾºܲףǶ˴һ׼û¡
ǶƺĻΪƺڹ
ᰵʦȥ
ᰶջ˼ý»бҪͳ˵һոΪʦ
Ǳ°ɣʦ𲻱ᰶͣҶġ
⻰ʮοᰲԼͽܣ˹ɶ£ǱƺֻİǺ̫ˡ
룬ֲһ䣺ƺϴ߿ֶħߣǲԡ
ʦýͣᰶģҲûΪŵ¼Ǻƺɾɾ
˵ͣһ£Ŷ۾ȴĳǧĳŵʦõĵҵĵط˵ֻҪһ仰ᰶʲôԸΪ
Ǳ˫ᶨ۾ԻסˣһЦããΪʦᰶˡ
۵һĨʧ֮ɫιȥˡ
ʦʲôȥ
һɣΪʦԡ
ᰵͷתȥ˲񷿡
Ŀͳ뿪󣬶ɵЦȥƺͻȻҶʱҲ䳤
ǰƺ࣬˶þˣӦǺ¶˵ջȴĺܡ
뱾Ϊƺɣһ̸ֺûСֻһö⡣ƺᵽ˳ᰡ
ƺԶͽԳҲһֱʮ䵭ƽǲ̸ᰡȻʵ˷ѽ⡣
ƺ˵ʵһλΪԽͻͽ˵պǼ϶ǷǳԾ
֪ƺ֪Ϣ˵
ŵ˶ڣǵĽʵʲô
뺬ЦӦƺαļٻ۵ĲС
䲻ϤĽ̵ƺҲսͬ
˭뵽гһգǻ˼ധ⡣
ǹ̡
ĵط񷿲ԶܹᰵĽŲϴ˵
תͷͿӳĳæµӰɫ΢
˵ƺϵȣᰵ֪ͼƵܿɹġ
֧򢿴һӳڴϵӰӣ˸ӣһ߰һ߳ȥ
ڴŹǣҺÿ
ŲתԭЩüڿվſڵ˵ʱչ
ʦô
ǰһڳ᰿С
һҧȥ֭.ˮڿը嵭еЩܡ
Ͽһۣ׼ʲô
ᰵǴСţ
ͷԹҲ
ӣ˰ϵĲ˵ᰵʦ𣿡
ĲԼͽܣһѵᰣһҲˣȥšĲˣΪʦ
ǡüͷ΢šġ
üͷһôСΪʦ
ֻ֣˳ȥҲûԶű߿š
ֻৼȥǽСű㱻ˣֻǽ֮ƽԵҪࡣССĹһ𣬿ŵͦɰ
л˿ѱˣʡ˶鷳
Ҳسᰵ𣬶̧˵˻ռгӣͽȻﱸõĴл˿һԵȥ
ôһͦģģֻǿļʱ򣬶׼ֱӰѼץˡ
״һ뾯˻ȥ
ϴ֣ڶţţڡ֪ٿż
ᰣ
һ̷ǲ˵ںġ
ǴСŵ˸ˣսپʧأСֱӽ˹
ȻһζĳһʧˣûѳˣҲǲСĽ
ֻ׼ʳĶˣǳߦˡ
ȥϰˣ棬ֻˡɸɾˮʦͽ˳ԵĶܿġ
룬ԺɽУΪǿҲǲġ
һ棬͵ȴûԣʲôᰶٹþʮ˰ɣ


128 
ſӵ΢΢һ, ϸ΢仯ֻת˲֮䣬ܿιȥӦһ
˽ĺӹʮǴˡ۵ϸĹ⣬ʮڴĿųᰡ
Ҫǲ֪, ֻ»ΪҪǶ, ʱʾǰ˸׼ء
²ᰶ, ʮΪʦҪúøһ¡ҪĶ𣿡
ҡͷ
Ϊʦ, Ҫʲôֱ˵
Ȼҡͷ
ϴδµֻ׼һ棬ʵǲӣʮĳϴǰġ
᰻ҡͷ
ЦÿβڳСһ, ᰶʲô뷨ֱ˵, һֱҡͷҲ°СԴˡ
ᰱϴʦᰶܹ, ᰶϲ
ɻһüë, ˵Ǵδ׼ʲôصﰡתһ, , ָǷ˹ǡ
˵˹ǣʮ졣
ģշѹȥˣڻ, ȴշһǵú
˹ȷʵ⵽.ڵģ˵ҲǿԵġ
ֻǡ
Ŀ˳һ, ųɽ, ׼һ볤棬Ȼ󡭡Ȼˡ
Ԥ, ڳУš
ֱ, 붼ļǵ᰹죬ж࿪ġǰ֣ڶʦ𲻼ˣӦûѹɣҲ֪᲻
ţ᰽һʦ
벻Ծظ¿ӣֱͦ壬šţ
ǰ£᰿Ʋδ۵״ϸЦ⣬ͬ᣺ʦᰶֻԸʦƽᰶһֱңõˡ
ųüۣĲ֪ʲôζһֱ֪ʮֶ£ӲΪѵġҲΪŻϧŲ
ѽ̾һ䡣
᰿ЦʦᰶʮҪģӦᰶòã
˵ϣֻĶҪˣﻹ˵ܾĻ˳ᰵͷãã㡣
󣬷ָѣʮָо̲סֶ¡
죬ʰݣ鷢
֮࣬Ժ￪һСС԰˸߲ˡ룬µڱһѻ֡
͸ˣ͡¨ȥϪߴϾͻƷճĸζ
ʱ⣬ʱᰵѧϰ
ɽеССͥԺɳȺɫĻײȴδѣ෴໥໥ǣʮֺг
ջ֣˵ᰶձˣʱߵĵͦ졣
ᰵ˱ˮЦʦ˳ﱸ׼ģôһĸӣʱһ㾪ϲûˡ
ӹᰵݹˮһڣ˵ձ㲻˵ˡ
ʦͽ˶һۣͬʱЦ
ɽ¾ãȴǰӿ
ɾҹڣȴǵƻͨɾǰƺħ춯
ƺͷ֪
ɾһԣƺЩ˷񣬴˶뿪ʣ۾ֽΣ
ƺɨǰӣްҽٺúչһʱվûˡ

Сƺһ㣬ܾĸɴ䡣
Ϊʲôɾŭⶼˣѵ۾Ȩû𣿡
ƺؿűɾȴ˵
ɾ΢ţΪƺʲôϲԣֻüһ̬ȵʲô
ƺڿˣӦ֪Ϊβ
ɾһһҡ֪ʼȡ֣ҲܣұҪ۾
ƺһʼֵ۾½͸֪ң۾ڻδˣֻŵ۾ҡ˭֪˵۾ֻᷢʲôƿ֮¡
⡭ɾƿĿ⣬飬ʵǰѹ
ƺħϸζԻ֮ġ
ǰ͹޵˵ƺ⺢ϸˣҲǿǲɶõ˲ţҡ
֪ƺǰĶĶ򣬲Ǻ¶뷢Ŀĺ¡
ⶼҪˣۿյľսҪ٣һж鳾
ɾ飬Ͷı飺úúãڵ۾˳ȬǰҲȥ˰ɣܱ𷭾𣿶Ѿˡ
ֵǱ֪ûУ
ƺףɾĿ˳ŵͶԶֱձؽһս
ƺüһ𣬿Щŵɡ
*
ᰵʮڶڵˡ
Ҳسŵûеųᰵ֡
գһϪߴһ¨ȥһ׼͡
ΪġպսϵĲȻǳġǳҲǳԼߦģǶ룬Ƕİɡ
˰㲻ϷʢҲ㹻ܰ
뽫ŵǰЦǵСǳζΡ


129 
ȴһֻ, ƽˣһŵ˶ǰ
벻ʲô
ʦҲɡ᰺Цᣬᰶһ, , Ժÿһʦᰶһ, òã
һ, Ϊ۾һֱħս֮˵ŻУ˭ûоȥǸ
뿪, ᰶԡ
ʦͽ˽, ¿, ᰵʦ, 
Կȥ, ͼһƳȺɫĻԳָܳ, ֱϰաǻ㣬ڿ㣬ƣһһСΡ
һһС˶ǣ, ·ӡڡǡ߹ճͬľɫǾɫı, ǸСС˶, ܿǣĴһˡ
ȻǰĴһ, ûһֻչɵķˡǷԱߣǳ˶Ҳһֱ, 뿪
ָָˣЦΪʦָָԱߵСˣᰶˣҲµö𣿡
ǡףӻóһ붨ȥһ̵ֻСˣúӴţرϲɰ
᰽ϸϵڶϣ˵ʦᰶûʲôصĶҲǵһտûôãϣҪ
벦ŪϵСˣϲӣᣬҺϲ˵ſ˳һۣͿһᰶ
ţ
뿴ųᰣЩֹջ˵ģĳҪΪʦ˼룬һʱҲû뵽øʲôǷţպΪʦѰ˺öٲ㡣
ǰնʱĬĬҪʲôᰡ
뵽һһܾãǸҲƯ
Ҫ֪ӵ֮óκһŶƵʥ
ЩղôЩɾʱԸģɵ˳ĥһȦеĶ䲻ͽܣȫͭ
뱾պѰöٲ͸ᰣֻû뵽ᰵΪ׼Щ˼ˡ
ᰵǲ⣬ЦЦͷͼһƣȥȡֽīΪʦǷ
ʧЦҡҡͷֽʾͲˣᰶмˣʦ𣬼˵Ȼеġ
һ룬˵еһ
Ǳɾֻ»ųᰵĲѵ㣬˿ŵĺܣδˣʹŲá
᰺ȻԱ̳ƣ۾ٿһ
ᰵ֪ʦ𰮾ƣ֮ǰ˾¥˼̳
ףܵ
᰸ԼһƣЦ֡
ͬ֡
Ŷ뽫ƺȥᰲŸһͷоһ᰷¾Ʊһ⣬ʦ𣬳Բˡ
ãֻΪʦҲԡ
СԺ΢죬Ժл죬Ľ̸Եʮܰ
֪˶ãǡһ촫ԭǶıӹ䵽˵ϡǱɫıڵϹ๾෭ţֱ᰽ű߲ͣ¡
ǱӼ֪ҹɫ̫谵ǵӰ̫ҡεԵʣžƱԵð׵ľˡҹɫУһ־ĶǵĲ֮С
ᰰǱƬ̣ŽĿͶ棬ֻϣ˫գ˯ˡ
ᰳĬؿ˰Σ۵һƬ˲²͸˿̵˼
֪˶ãᰲŽӸϣȥ۶䣬ֻһˮж䣬˵ϡ
᰿׹ϵˮ򣬾ֱߣ΢΢ᱧ
ųᰱŶԺԭҹȻҹƶ°ڣ̧ͷͼһԲ¸ʣձ¹ӳĳγɴƵƴԱ߻Ʈ
ǶٵĿռ䣬һжԵǰ㾲ãɼҲڸǲ˿ѹֶΣյϢ
ҹ죬Ҫˡ
ɫб룬ת˷䡣
ͬʱɣӺ
ɫīʳһƬڣϲ죬̴ںϸһ˴ķѿ
һףǼ̴뺣ףֻ䡱һ죬׹˺ҹգעı
ߣǧ򻧵񶼴ڷвÿÿȼ綹ƻ
ԶЩƻһߣ˲ľҹУ͸һİζ
֪ǿܰһڣһɱϢݡ
Ѫ˳ŷʶܿʧɾ
Ѫħ̰ЩѪҺѸٷѿ֦໥ճݶЩϣеŸոȥʬ塣
Щʬ۾ɵĴģ۵׽ǰľ̿֡
ϲ죬һƺðͷǺ¥
ֻǽҹֵĺ¥Բͬյƻ貵¥ˣǵһƬûһ˿죬һ¥
Ȼ¥ϸֳһ޴ķȻĽ⡣
ųǧѪħ˳Ųˮһ볯¥ӿ ܿ콫Ű
ٴιںڰΨпХţǿƶѪζ
ǱڰħܳҹϵŵӲɱǺСӭǼ
עһ֮ҹ
˲ҹһɫӰ̤೤̨ףһ塣
ɡһţûע⵽ѻķϵɽ
ų˵ػķꡣɽʰɽҲҰݣһƬ
ԭؾĬƬ̣ŲӲݣżе·ǰȥ
硢ȴմһ·סķ䣬š֨һ죬̵ζųʪ˱Ƕ


130 
᰿, Ѳ̨ڵһԷ
᰻Χڵİһģһֻ˻ҳһŲȥĽӡ
ϰڷŵƷ, ˱į̄, ʣһ鼮
鼮δڷ, ɢҵ̯, ȻǱ˷ƺѲ˴
վվܿңֻߵ¼ϻżϸĻ, ᷢЩߴ粻һ
ΪЩһǶġ
Լķ, ϲ᰼һ, гᰡ˵ۼ
ᰵԽ¼, 䵽ϡǴҲͬбĺۼ, ߵ, ĿȻһ٣ֻڵͷ·¶һ顣
᰾׵ָȥֽϻҳ¶ϵһ֡޵Щ¶
᰼ǵöʮϲ飬¾ͻᷭ, û뵽˷
ܹ󵽵ʱ龰ϴ󳤷ɢ, ɢĿڴ, һźǷһ淭顣
뵽˴ᰵɫ, ϸزȥҳϵĻҳһ, 㽫ˡ
ᰳ˷䣬汩δͣЪ
ÿһ˵ϣ΢⸡ֻ֣һٿȥʱ塣
ʱ壬ڡ
ķĵҳҲֵǵھˡ
˾ȵģЩѺŵӾȫڴ˴
ʱŵӾڴм䣬Ավִĺˡκƽ֫Ѻŵĵӡ
һˣ۹߸棬ٲұɱ
˻ƴ̶Ȼαװ
ŵĵ⻰ԳǵɫּѺκƽ˽гѹȥš
׿ǰһס֣ǡ
˭Ҷκƽŭһʦֲڣһƹܡ˭ǸҽΪŰ㲻ŵӡ
κƽ˱꣬䲻֪Ķ򣬵ħЩܴϢؽǴѾ㹻˵Ʋֹۡ
Ȼ֪ȺħҪʲôộζܽġ
κƽ£ϵĺһһӣеĽѹ˼֣κƽϵһѪۡ
κʦ֣
κϣ
׿ݺͣȻڵŵɫ͵һ䣬ͬʱǰֳĺ˱˻ȥ
ۿκƽɫԽԽʹ࣬Ȼ̧ȻһŵҲ
κƽɫ԰ףɫȴʮȵ˵һ飬˭Ȼ
κƽѪȾ½Ȼۿͨ죺κʦ֡
κƽŻȻʦãʦ䲻űݺˣܡ
ȻҡͷݺҲκʦ֣㲻Ҫô˵
κƽЦһȻҳ軵ˣŲдһ٣һҡվһᣬħ年ʵˡ֪أŵӾŵˡվҲԸ
κƽ˵󣬴һƬžС
׿ݺ˰ǰκʦ֣ʦ֣ʦãʵһֱûʲô汾£ֻñʦΪŵӲⳤ֮λЩһֱҡ
Цۿ죬ҶĻ⣬ʤǣΪ£ǵǸԲ𡣡
˵κƽݺ͡ȻҾһҾ
Ȼݵʦ֣㲻ˡ
׿վֱ壬ǿһĨЦݣ˵ʦֵҲ겻սˣվ岻ȥ¼ֻħ幷汳Ҳ͵ǸѼḺˡ
ãáݺһֱº͵ģЦϾз֮УʱŻһֱδħ彻֣ԭһֱΪʱɲܴǽձɱʹ졣
ϣǡ
ŵЩСҲ
ŵĳԱΪ˱Ҫ֮ˣЩħ幷ҪǵֲкͬǾӦ
׷泤ϡ
κƽЦããŵӦеĹ
žžž
ڵϵĺ˺Ȼҡͷﺬ˸ж
˴λվȻǾƲԳԷƣҲǷϻΪ޿κΣ
κƽͬʹʲôֶΣŵҲҪЮ
κƽĿ⻺ɨǰڵӣ뽫һᡢӿ̽Ժ
κƽһһ֣ᶨޱȣȴҲһ˿ڵı׳ǣ˵ȿǷֻõٻһˡ
˵꣬һ㳯һħµĽײȥ
ݺ͡Ȼ˾һ˲ӿ˳
κƽһ̣š䡱һ죬źȻ򿪣űԵⴵ
ţκƽħһȫ˵ϡ
κƽƻʧܣȻ̧ͷ ͼⲻ֪ʱһ޳ӰκƽҲȫסˡ
׿ݺǳƶħħΪݺǽ󣬽⿪ϵĸϵĲδ⿪
ֻ׿ݺǸһ֣ͼǵħһΣӶĵˡЩħ̱ڵأдŨҵѪζ
׿ݺҲϾȥѽѽЩģǰκƽ
׿ʦ֣û°ɣ
û¡κƽӦһȴڵ֮͵ϡֻһ£ͬߡ
׿˭
Ӧ
ݺ͵۾һգգĿŵ֮ˣ촽ţ۵׽һ⡣
֮˿ڣɨһʬص¥Ǻ⣿
¥ŵС˵ڵĿ˵¥ˡ¥նΡ
¥ħйأĪǡ
ߺ۾ɨһˣֻɫ԰ףδ֮ǣ԰
ûлػĴ㣬˻¥ĪҪΥϵ
ϡ᰻ڣͳöֺ޳⹷ĵĸԸӽеĿ˳ڡ
µ͵ضһ£ȴסûзǺǣ¥ҽ˱ϢʮЦٲʱ㲻¥ţʲôǱǳ⣬Ҫν
Ц˱ϢǸ㲻ͬұԼӣ˵£
־ЦǸʶ¥ڴˣɱ֮ǺԵʣ
΢΢ףʹ֮ϵֻ˫
ǰ᰻ڴϺ˵˵ԻڽκȻʵģɣ
⻰һˣκƽݺڵȫסˡ˻Ƭ̺ŵң¥ֵΣ
㣬ǿǼáᰰָһһ˿Ц⣬ҵЩ꣬ȻҪҸ±ˡ


131 
ų᰻, һǿħϢָ͵شֱܳ˺˶ȥ
һ̧࿹
˴ǹʱžԼдˡ
ǿѹͷӿѪ, ·ָ¥, ЩԨԴ, 븴, βĿʾˣ
˵κƽݺڵλɨһۣڣѵǼˣ
һӣδ˵Ｄŭֻ̧, ޳ָ߱Ե, Ĺ߱㱻ɵժ
Ŀһ, Ŀʱһ, ۵׵ЦҲϤȥ, 㡣
ᰶ
᰽ߵһ, ݺҲ̲סˣ¡
ݺᣬֿĵЦᰶ, 㣬û̫ˡ
˵žҪȥ, ֻŸһͱˡ
ݺ͵ʲô
ʦݺ͵ĵҲʮΪ, Ĭ˺һ˵ܹȥᰡ϶ħ
ݺһ, Ŀٴ䵽ϣֻϲϲɫֻ䵭ɨһ, ܿƿĿ⡣
ᰶ㡭ݺϲõɫתΪݣΪ֣ڳҲǸɡ˳Ӱˡ
ᰲδݺͣⶪڵϣһŲϣѵġ֨ЦҼѳ˼棬ҲҪ𣿡
̧ߵһϵߣƵǾҪûˡ
ź˻£ֻ˲ӿǧڼ׵ħ塣
ת⿴һۣͳ
ֻ᰻һЩħȥ
Щħ֪ġսʤ˾壬ȡ¥¥֮λΪȻС
ÿһЩħһڳͣ΢΢ƫͷ˼£ħ徫񣿡
棬ϵɻҲǡôһпںǳ
̧һָһȺɱ
˶ŭЩħ˴˶һ۱ȥ
ݺͼˣԳ֮ɫٹ˲࣬סĵŽҪǰæ
ݺʱ򣬺һ촫ȥͼһεĻ֮Ƴڡ
ǼԨ
ڵǰħ׺Щħҽжĵ˵ϡ
ԨУһЦ龹֪ʱһ㰵졣

ֳּԨȺħм䣬֮Ѫɽ
ԭ׼ȥæ˼ˣȫվԭءǵ۾۵ǲš
һ֮Կôħ壬ȴ̶࣬ʱ䣬ϵ׷ʲô
ݺ͵Ŀڳϣ̲ס۾߬ȭͷ
ħʹŨ̱ǵѪζݺݴ̼ᰵ񾭡
ħǵ֫ٺȴ÷֮
ĵůĵطЩ˻Ҫ
֪˶ãӵħϤ᰽
ȥԨմȾѪҺˡ
ˡ
ϸߣΪܿ˿̵ı顣
ɨһеħ壬ᰣΪͲ»ϴ£Ӧ֪Ŵȥǳ¡ٿ㣬˲֪أҲ㡣
᰾ĬƬ̣õЦ
˲õЦʲô
ˣʾ䣬ȴƽƽ
һϣ˵ʲôᰵҪɣұһ
ӿϲԤУȻһ˲ͼ̧һѶ
ЩԲԲġССģڵϵҲʮ΢ɾ⼫΢ڳħĺë
ǡѪħӣ
Ѫħ!졢ܣ롪
ЩħĻû˵꣬ͼڵصѪħ̰ŵϵѪҺ
Ƿѿ֦⻹ԶԶ紥/ְ㣬ᵽЩħϵѪζ֦ҶݺݴЩħ˿С

ҽ˷ֱʱЩħŷӦΪҪһ
ԭҪǸʹ
ŵЩȻҲ뵽һ㣬ǿųᰣɫҰף۵׾ǿ־塣
ݺɫף૵ᰶ
ŷħѪѪħӣȻ㡭ΪܲٿѪħӣ壬ⲻܣ
ħʹ/ʧˡ
ᰲδش˵⣬ָֻһһ󷨱ᡣ
׿Ǿڽ󣡡
Ȼᰶס֣֪ʲô
ݺҲᰶס֣
ᰳţ£˵ϡ
һأѪħӵѸٱ
֮أ档
רķžԽԽΧܵٻ㾡ӿ
ֻΧԽԽԽԽ档
ǷҲӿԽԽ󾹽嶼ɽȥ
Ĺâҹӳյһ˴ڵ⣬ͻᷢΧɽϵĻľлή
Щԭдеɽת˲֮ʧȥеĻɽһ㡣
ΧȫɸɾָֻһǾеɣӺС
ʱںߵѪħ㹻ѪҺǷѽƬɣӺС
ȥľɣӺЩѪħӾոɾ
󳹵ʧᰲŽŲ/ڵϵļԨ
񽣼ֱָˣᰵҪ֮ĶԹˡ


132 
, һϡ
ɨһħʬ壬뵽᰾ƾһ֮˾ʵʮֺˣԶܹ֮࿹ġ
վԭ, , ʵһ亹ҪβܴӴ˵
΢ĽŲ, ǳˡ
ᰵĽŲĺܴ, һĨЦ⣬űŵĲʬ/ǴĺԿĽвС
ۿԽԽڵɱ, ˾̲ס˰벽
벽˳, ͵طӦ, ߺɫɱʮѿ, һҧ, ۵һĨɫ
ֻһ, һСֳȴδ᰹ȥϮһԵŵӡ
ĿȷֱݺͶȥ, ݺɫһ䣬ѱӻ
ݳСģ
Сģ
ݺÿϵĸδȫ⿪, ݺڶϺҲûʤ, Ҫ˵ЩСˡ
Ȼ֪ݺ͵ĹϵסݺԱ, ˾ûôĴˡ
ֵֻ̧֣񵶷ڰҹֳɭĻȡһն, ֻѪĽʹȴԼ
һֱֵ۹ڵأѪζ磬ԼѪעĶϱۣҽг
ŵĵҲǾһ֪˭һãֳᰵɵƯ
ѭķһۣͼ˵һµˡ
˼᰿԰׵ɫԳһĨõЦݣ˴Ĵָ
δ᰻˳Ҳݺµӣһͬĺ
ᰵɫЩ֮ɫֻЩѡ
һͷǻӦ˵õӦоᰣ㡭
кʲôһ£۵ȴ˺ܣ䵭ѸٵƿĿ⣬Ǳĺˡ
ѷסԼѨֹѪֱվԳᰶƬ̴̣ٶЦɱҡðǱҵҪʱҪν
˭˵ɱ㣿᰿Ц
᰻ʱǡһ׹˺ѳա
ȼ˵Ƶģƹ΢㹻˿Χֻǲˡ
Ǿһ˲佫ӳյһ㡣ֻɫ𪵽˲԰׵ĵز۾촽ȴǺɫġ
˵İ޵ĺ죬ìܵɫڳϣұΣա
۵ԳȻɫͼ᰿Ļѳɣűûüֵһţû˼ߵ
Ȼãź˵۾ΪħҵҾ֮УҶʵϱʱһš
˵ţ΢΢ҿ˺ϵߡ߽µһ̣͵תͷȥѾˡ
ô㣡׿ŵĵɴ۾㡭
κƽݺҲ̲סšüŵСը˹
ô⡭ôܣ
ôܣʵͰǰˡ
벻
ϵͽû뵽㡣κƽɫ䣬֡ڡ
ݺҲ㣬ΪҪô
˿ֵȷʵ˲⣬ܹ޵ɾ׵Ϊϵҫܶһһվ߶ȡ
ֻҪһһ̤̤ʵʵ˵;ʮ̹ȴûôѡš
Щ˵벻ţҪĶ࣬ϵһ㡣
᰽ⶪڵϣƽضһը䣬ϰɡ
κƽʲôˣ
ˣҲûıҪؿųᰣҡ
üͷ΢ϡ
Ц˶˵ͯҼãʵڣһֱͯмӡҰǰźѰʲôöҲһʱ͹ȥأ
Ҫչжְ֮˭֪ڵļǿѡģֻҪϱ޼ɡұΪѡңû뵽˾¡
ϸֳԹɫΪһ㲻ǿʲôѡ²ѡң
Ϊɱݺ͵Ϊ˸ֱ̫ȨƵλȷʵʺһ֮
Ц˭˵ҲʣλЩ꣬һֱĺܺã
Ӧȷʵͦá£ƺ߹
ʲôʲôƺ߹ŵĵǸˣѵѵ˵
κƽݺȵûˣκƽ뵽ƾҪֻǲܵġ
Ȼüš𣬡ԭˣðƭơƺƺһϷ
ͷƹˤ֪ΣŴȥվħġ
ᰵֻǿϧ㿴ˡ
ֹЦʧѪɫףʱ۾ɵĴģ״񣬡Σᰣұڵµ㡣
áᰲ ЦӦˣ󻺻еļԨ
ڳҪնڽµʱһȻ𣺡ס֣һӰĻ˽
ǵӰֱ˳ᰶᰲòˡ
˸һ֣۵׷ɿһĨ֮ɫ뵽ʲô΢üչ
ڳ˽ֵʱ򣬵߽ӰΪ׵˾£󣬻ϤӰ
¿첽ǰ˽ѺκƽڵѾˣίˡ
֡κƽֿ࣬ţţڴˣ˺Ȼ纣ͷиŷ졣
纣ͷ׷ȴãؿһۣκƽǷһЩ£űڣ뵽˴˴ħ춯
ͷĴæȥ֧Ԯ˴ħһۣǡǡ
κƽԭˡ
¿κƽ֫ϰ󸿵γ彣նϣ졢纣Ҳæŵϵ
׿лĿת᰽սϣ֪λǣ
Цһ׳ϣϸѵĲʶ
׿۵ɻء
᰽ֵںɫĶñ£濴òʽܿЩߵġ
׿Ƭ̣۾Ȼɴˣ⡭ŵĹĪǡĪǡ
Ȼʦ֡
˵䣬ͼһ˵Ķñ¶ñ·һŶº͵
ŵӵʱϲţ
ѽţ
̫ˣû¡
ʳֿȭƷȴȻһƻᰳƺ
澪ױδͣ£ȴһƬ´᰼ۣõŵĹǺµӣ
ʣ̬ȺǹֻһȭӦµӳᰣʦ档
ǳͽܡʳ̾һ㡭
ʵĻû˵꣬ͼһһȻħϢֱֶ䣬ֵĵ˵ϣ۾ԵɵĴġ
ݺͺȵᰶ
һ֣תߣµܷ뿪ס
죬纣߽㣬ͬʱ׷ȥ
ݺŵķ۵ǵǡֻκƽ˵ʦ֣ǰ׷ʲôںδ
ݺͱעʼ̵Ľľ˵˵һ顣
ǰƿչһѰͻơĳһ죬˳۾ٻ
κƽšü۾
ǡĵͷ


133 
ǰ, ڷ塣
ѱչأȴٳ޷ͻƣȴΪƽһ˿뼱С
һ, Ժһ, , ʮö
˫, ͼǰ֪ʱһõĺɫӰ
δǰ֮ˣɢҲµ˵ˡ
ǰߵݣʣݼ۾
һ, Цſ𡣡
, ͻȻ۾, ̲ס֪۾, Ϊ£
ʵ벢Ǳ, ĲһӰ, ҲΪˣûж˺
ȷһҪȥ
*
ŵ˺Ŀ⣬ʵ۾˵ڳͽ, ֺ֣ܿ׼
κƽô˵, Żµ۾ϵ
, ֻǴ¾ܣ֪ԽԽáڽӵ۾һֱڵȴ, ûã˴ڷ, Ҫȡ
κƽü֪ɻ󣬽͵ΪԶ֮ϣڷûдݻҵĽ硣
ȻȻأʦ֣ûˣ
ҡͷ۾ǰ㣬Ҳܰȫߡҳº󣬵۾ԤԹӦˡ
֮ʱǱڰŻѰҿεĻ顣
ƺȨ꣬ȣεмһСҴˣ˴¡
ֱ¡
µһֱΣҲһֱڰе顣
һ飬Ͳ鵽ϡ
ͯεˣһͯҲͯͻȻֱ㱻ƺ׵Ϊ
ƺ׽ͻȻǣҲƺͷϻɵģֱǰ
µڣӿֵȷʵǷ˻ɡ
·ԽԽòԣ˽벢սĴ䣬żйڷ˻ļأ㷭Ĺż֤ʵԼĲ²⡣
䲻֪۾кԨԴƺС۾عޣϲ˻֮ѣ˵ǻ֮ˡ
һ̸Ҳ֤ʵµĲ²ǶԵġ
׿һ۵ֵʬ壬üͷˣû֤Ҫνƺ̨
ʵƺȨǧ꣬ģ֤Ҳŵġ
ô죿ѵôĿƺΪ
ʵĿɨ⣬һţƺûо﷢ʲôǱװ֪Ϊʱ¡
׿ʣֿ£ɵɳᰡõ۾Ϊħ£ǡ
ݺ̵ᰶὫ¸ƺġ
ߵգ׿Ѳǰ㼵ݺˣ˵ʦ֣֪۰ᰣϾͽݲðֽҡ㿴˵۾ָ㣬Ǳˡ
֪ݺ͵ʮ侲ת¡
ʦ֣֣ᰶħǣһ𣬵Ầǡǰʣֱܣᰶ⣬֪˶ٿࡣʦֿᰶ׵ķϣպҪ̫Ϊ
ȻҲǰƺǺʼٸߣᰶΪġᰶħ壬϶пԵġ
һݺͣȻ۾ͬʱһʦ֣ͬˣ
ʵǺǻǣҲϲᵱô˵ðɱ֡
ֻˣҹ﷢²ŲᴫƺУǲİȫ
ݺ͵û뵽һ㣬ֵʬ壬֪ķӦѡԶ֣ӦǵЩ֮²֣ͽ಻Ҫ鷳
ţۿ̲סֺˡ
˵䣬죬纣˻ˡ
Ȼæˣ
齣ʣ˵СΪΪǿˡ
Ȼݺ˿
*
ȴ˵˦죬纣ͷҲص뿪š
ںϣǲĺˮͷעıꡣ
Щʳ㹻ѪҺѪħӣܵٻӵżһ
Ƿ֦໥ţ״Ť滹ȳѪζʵŻ
ԶԶģ᰿Ѫħӽס¥
ѪħӾոɾͨѪħӴ¥С
¥ܲסǰӿţհšءһ죬ըѿ
ŵ¥̺ľ޴һ˲ʱɫ䣬
µĸˣүҲܵʲôڱһ㡣
һڶڰУǺڶſɢݵһһ
۾ԽԽĺڶȴûнһĶ
µĵͼŲ³ƺؿһͨħͨ
ᰲƺҪҲδϸ˵
зҲƺƻһɾҲƺĴ㡣
ֱǰƺ¥֣ᰲл˾˽¥Ĺ졣
ԭ¥·ĺһ޴ʯʯںо޴ҲΪˣ¥ܹɣӺƶ
ֱʱᰲŽһд
ڵͼϽ⼸طȻǾһѪħɵľ޴󡣶¥ۡ
ᰵԽԽĺڶϣĵֻ´ʱħǱͬҲһķ
ֻͬʱܿȫµͨ
ôһΪط˽磬ħ帶ĴĴ
һ´ǣĿͶԶĺߣͼǺߵϨֻһƬڰ
ᰶĻ䣬þûж
֪˶ãֲŶ˶Ԩתһ򣬾ڳ׼뿪ʱĿһ
ֻھԶĵط˼Ӱ
ػ谵᰻ǵһʱϳǼ˵ݣԭǣת֪뵽ʲôԨٴתһϡ
ιᰳǼӰ˵


134 
ڡ
Ŀ籩, ڴ¶ˣлƮƲ㡣
ƺɾֱڰǰ֮ȴ޽еӷ˲ܿ˳ȥ
ɾһִ, һ, ϿƵȻ, ʵѳһ㱡
˵һжѳı, ܾն롢˾ϵϣҲ֪ǲǳ⡣
һһ, ƴڱɾͷתһ, ־Լ, Զ롢˾Ϊ, , ǵ˿ɲࡣ
, ɾһı˴ƯĲҶڴʱһڵӴӵ⼱
ԭƺ̧׿˹ȥ, Ȼεĺܺãɾǲ׽ɫϸ΢仯
ƺڽš
ʶһ, ɾͷ΢, ²豭˵λɾ, ڹѺħӳȥˣ⡭
ƺɫһ, ӶϹһ亹
ɾƺһۣǵӵʲôֱ˵ǡ
СŵҲˡ
ɾ۵׼һĨ⣬ƺƺ˵ʲô洫䡱һ졣
ŵҡװεڵأƿڻɢһء
ɾ淢˺£
һӳ˽ֻʪ͸ɫףϸĻᷢڷ
Ȼܵ˼ľţ״ελɾħ塭ħ塭ģģħ崳˽ˣ
Ϣƺ͵λվΪָǶ˷׵ĵز
ɾһֳҲվĺ˿֪Ƿɻǵǡ
ô£ƺǴӳ﷢ģǱŭǺбʲô
ǰŵĵѱĵͻȻŻˣƺŭ˫ϥһô˵ϡ
ܡӲ֪ɾϢŭ
ƺȵأң
ɾŵĿ˵ĵӰڰ֣ȥŶƺ˵ˣһӵӳȥˡ
ƺ۾ʱ۵׵ŭһЩ׼˵ͼӰӵⴳ˽ٶ֮ڵĵӶûӦ
ƺɫһ䣬ֻһգһѺĳС
ʦ𣡡
ʦʦ²ã
ס֣ĪҪǡ
ɾǴеļһͬƺһ٣ɾͽܡ
ƺ򴳽ڵļˣֻվǰհ׾ԲĺǸ̬֮ˣǸ̼ҵĹӡ
ϵҲʮֻֻǴʱʪϣԵЩǱ
в۾ɵĴģܵ˺ܴľţкĴŴ
ɾëëģҲ֪ͨðʧĴ˳ͻˣ˭Σ
вƵ˴ͷԹ԰ѵɾ˺£Ϊ˾ţ
вָ棺Ǹոˡ
ɾ˻ҵӣΪʦν̵ǵģһľͰųܰϳȥһΣܽǸϳȥڶΡ
ǰʦ𡣡вƵǸոںˣǳᰰ꣬һֱϢĳᰡ
֪вڿħϢĳᰳǰʱܵ˶ľš
ɾһ£ȷ˵˭
ᰡвɫɷ׵ظһ顣
ɾкɣң֣Īǵ۾⣿벻ף겻ᰣʮģʣᰶڡ
ʦ𣬳вƼֱҪ޳ˣħ˰
ɾٴסˣвƵոǵǻֻ¾Ҫɱˡ
ѹַǰ㾪ֵĳɾôţȴǲԸţǻ᲻ϴˣ
۾˵ںܰȫĵطһ㣬Ƕһֽ̳ģļͽҲ˵ʱȲϳᰣҲڶһĶӡ
ʦġвһ˵Ȼ֪ô£ȷħˡ
вͷһЩħ¥ʦ𣬳Ƕ
¥¥
˽вƵĻ˵ǷʦںѲӣֹħңЩͻȻð˳¥ȻըˣȻϳһǾͳˡʦһжѲ˸ϵķŽġ
ܡɾһӦǷô¡
ɿвǾǱӣ뵽ϵ϶˾壬ɾ²һ
Զ룬˾ԳᰵİǷˮʲô˷ʤ
Ƕ룬˵˭׾˶룬Ǹֻǳᰡ
۾Լļƻ֪߳Ļǡ
뵽ɾɳһ亹
һҪͼһӱ˽ɾѹͷǣ£
ضλɾθʹ
⻰ɾƺͬʱһвץץԴС˵ڣǸǧţôᵽ
ɾƺͬͷɻ󣬲֪죬纣еλأҪ飬ǲ뿪ɵġ
ɾǽ
£纣˿ʱ󻹸̧ŵܵĵӡ
ϸһײһˡ
˫ƺ£ŽĿڵϣǣ
纣ײƿ¶·һɫ
ƺüͷһ壬ֻвƾ⣬ⲻҲħ度ˣ
ɾţô£
纣ʵġ
һϷ˵һ飬ֻԹйƺһС
ƺ˵˼ǣħ年ᣬݺʣݺţ
ǡ纣ü񣬡׿ڳϵģʱθʹҲڣ֤
׵Ծʵ
ΪҪôݺŶħʲôôвץץͷСĸԼʦֵۡ
һֱɻ£˽Ҳ۹ΣܵòõĽۡ
纣вƵСֹĽ͵ǵʱ򣬷ŵĵӽҲܲ⣬֪ӦһľħͨҲǳںϵĺڶ
в¶Ȼɫԭ
ҲŵͷֻŲŻᣬѹôǱѺôҲû˶ǡ
⻰ˣƺɾһ˽ȥвһƺɫæͱߵһ£˵
ƺһޱ飬Ųδŭֻ˼ڴ˴ûŵĶԻ
ɾü΢˵˵¥ͻȻըйˡ
һֱ˵ķµһ¥Ĵţ˵¥ڵĺһʯ̺żΪǿ
ɾħȻ֣Щ壬ζԸǰɡ
ĬõƺȻ£ûǴΪλȻһ죿


135 
ٿһ, ƺ⻰ڻʲôˡ
»ش𣬾Ȼһȥġ
˿⣬ͼ˽, ŵκƽ, ݺ͵ˡƺһ, ȴδ
ߵǰ, ƺɾʩλɾҲһ춯θʹȥġ
ƺ˵, Ƕϵ
һ, ý, ǰߵݵһһֱĻ, , Ҳ֤ʵҵĲ²ǶԵġֻ֮ǲݾ, ֵħᡣ֪ɾ𷣡
ƺϱ治ϲŭɾǰ·Ц, θʹ㾾ħϸν˴һ, ǽ㻹, 㡣ֶʣݺǵЩίˡ
ֻҡ
ɾֻ̾ǲֱ֪֮˵˭, ںδ, ǲץֻ¸ܵС
ܡüͷȥһֻҪɱֱľ͡
ݺ͵ΪȥˣֳƺһһϣᰶҲἰ˵ݡ
ʹҪ˽𣬿ҪΪħ£Ȼἰ˵ݡ
ᰵ֣κƽüͷһ壬֪᰻ΪħצҾͲ뿪
ݺʹѵһɫ˵ʲôвҲʹģ״һߡ
һƬ֮Уһ˽ƺˣ
ɾԷ֯ں߶Կħ
ƺͷħԺںֻ߽֣»˾ںߵ񡣿죬ٴ˽תƵȫĵط
ɾߵЩ񡭡ǰĵ۾ٿغˡ
ƺüͷһ壬ôˣ
ǡǷ˶λɾһֱźߵ壬ǡǡǳһЩħ岻֪ʲôʱȻЩ֮УǲʱɣӺѾɱˡ
ĨһᣬЩѪħ˴ѪŻǰ׳󡣡
ϢɾСˡһһƬհףϡвƵæʦôˣ
ƺҲϴ
ɾɫ԰ףֱڰ֣û£û¡ɾô˵ţȴ̲סҧݣʹʹɫ
ϵƺ뿪ħµͨôɣӺߵǱҪġ
Щﰲֻ֣ħ嶯ֵʱȥЩħ¡ѪħӣѪħѪǿԵġ
ħ˽ƺıǧ꣬ʱһƬңƺȻϾ˼ЩС¡һȿԱºǧֲƺɣһ˫á
ֻζû뵽ƺ˽һʼͽħ尵/뵽֮С̫УŻװ޹
ɾ߬һȭͷ:Щ񱾸ҸģҵʧְûвħĶ򡣡
ƺοˣá
һǸۡɾ̧ͷƺ۾ս
λɾĪҪŭ纣ʱȴЦˡ
вֹʱˣôЦĳĪɵˣ
ֻ纣Ŵ˴ǰΪλɾ¡
ƺüһֻ纣ǰɵӻһ̴ںˣ̴ûɵƴȫŴ֮˵һ塣ǷĴ񴦴͸Ź죬Ұ˵֪Щʵħٰġ
ɾɫһݣȫ
纣ֻһ֡ħ度±ߣһ棬һħڵؽУԴΪǯơ
ɾǵܵǰħ˶ĿѪħӣʶƺͻ˷
ò˵Ӽã£˭뵽Ĵ滻ˡ
纣ǣҷ֮󣬱нЩ˳񽽹ѪħӵĶץסħ塣ƽգԱǺúðˡ
Ϣɾһϲ棿
纣źЦɾǲţϷǰһۡɾų׷
ɾҵҪĻ֪֮Ϣ󣬻¶ı顣
вƲ֪飬ԼʦãҲ̲סЦ˵ǱȻʮ־ʵġ
ԭսƺ£еȴ߬ˡɴйأɿɾʣݺȻ֪顣
纣Զǧ֮⣬Щٹ£Ҳǲѵһн⣿
ƺĿⲻźۼĴӵ֮һһɨʲô۶ûеó
ɾ ȥǵλѰɡ
*
ɣӺ
ϲ죬ִħѹѹһȺȳ档
Ũҵħѹ˴սףֳֳЦɱʹ졣
ƺǸϵʱ򣬿ľһ档вǵһֱģӿħ̲סս
ֻ࣬׻һֳ˫껤ҡɱ˵ʱа֮ɫѪɽҲܣϡϽմȾѪƽ˼ֲֿ
вС˭
ĵСӡ纣ڤ
ɾĺĳ̶ȲģΪߣǧСġ
Ĳ˱ɾƺĵЦںδٽҡ
ɾǹһĨЦڿ籩˵ģڵ۾Ӵɥ֮Ȯô̶ǧ꣬ˣħļԲ̫ð
һܿҲЦҵ˭ԭ㡣ôǧǰһûָ
ڤȥѪˮһԽӵ˵۾Ƿˣòһȥûס ѳΪһֻ˰ɡ˵ԼЦ
ɾɫһ䣬һһĳС
Цұ㿴ǧʱȥˣɾΪ
ɾսһڤĿɨ棬ƺͣһ촽һԴ׵磬ͽҰɡ
ΪݣԼСȴΪ۰Цã㲻ˣϣľЩ
Ȼڤս˫ƺ˹ȥ
ǰɾСġ
ƺһ
˵ڤǰƺ̧࿹ֻڤһƷ顣
ڤƺ۾һЦһĨĻȣɾǺþòǧÿɺã
ƺɫ䣬лġһɨȥڤˣƺֱ׷ϣʣ纣ֱħˡ


136 
籩, ڤƺ۾ƶߣıǧ꣬ǲװܡ
ֵʱ, ƴҧгݵζ
ƺ±, ڤĹ, ڤ֪뵽ʲô, ȻһЦ֪۾ˣһȻʮɣڴ֪ʱı顣
˵ڤƫͷ, һ־ĶǵΣ֮, ûϵ, 㹦ôķ, պ̤ƽ, Ҷֻ͸, ˵ɺã
ƺ򱡴δ˵ʽȴԽԽѸ٣ԽԽ, ڤһˣͼѪͳ, ҲֻʺС
ȴƺгһĻ, ڤϱһѪۡ
ڤһ, ָϵѪۣ۵׸ֱŭɫ, 㣬
ڤʢŭ֮£׺࣬ȴҲ··硣
Զע⵽ˣЦһû뵽ƺΪپ֮죬СڤĶ֡Ļڵ⡣
࣬ĮȻҪȥæ𣿡ô˵ȴڼԨһ
ջĿ⣬Цأ͵СڤһΣСμѪħӵĺܺ÷һڸǰ
ᰵ£ұˡ˵Ź뿪ˡ
Ե˼ˣü׶˵ЩʲôųȥķЦһģõס
ħһ̴Ӱҹ˫ϢģħɣӺΪ//أô
*
ɽС
˯ǲĳֲ˯úܲȣ޳üͷţȴôҲѲ
֪˶ã۾һץűӣЩãȻĿΧʲôʱ˯ˣ
ͷЩۣ۾ǡڴʱűƿ˽
ʦˣ
šýϵϢЩͬʱͷκһʱҲûע⡣
һְŶͷΪʦҹʲôʱ˯ģȻһӡҲûС
ЦЦ͵ľ¥ģ̫Щʦȶ˾˯ˡ𣿡
ͷᰱǰĦʦҪҪԷ
һϴɡ
ãˮѾ׼ˣʦȥ׼緹ʦʲô
Աߵ¹ҳһ׸ɾڻԡ
ˮУɳһ֪ΪΣܾĿһ۽յķţ׼ȥϴ
۾Ƭֽ̺۾ˣЩɻĿԼ˫֣Ϊڴ˴ô£
˼ΣĻǾ޷뿪ˡɫɳתͷ뵽᰸ȵľơ
Ȼţ⼸սӴֻгᰣڵĶҲǳġ뵽һ㣬ˮҲòãֱͳȥˡ
ڳæµڿһ̧ͷͼ뿿ſͷﶼʪġ
ʦôˣ᰾֣߹ʮȻǣס󣬴ڲС
᰻һԷٳʱ϶һɲִһͷϸĵĲֱѶͷɣᰲ»ȥ緹
¿ĶһһֻתſӣĿ׷ųתתȥ
ȳᰶС⽺һС˹ʱ򣬶ӣĿȻڳϡ
ɫ糣ӵݸ룬ּһӲ˷ڶǰĵ벻Цʦôˣûθڣ
ദģʽ޶£ȻȷҹȵǾȷʵ⡣˵ԭҹһֱظߣ˼
ʧˡ
ӣɫӵҨһ⽳ˡ
Ǻá
벢δʹ¶Գ᰷̬糣ûһ
ҲȻһദȥ
պ󣬳ڷ£ҳͣ¨ӱȥˡã㹳շ£ҧˡ
̧ͣͼϹһβ㡣ֱͦͦĹҲһ㡣
촽һȻˣϪˮ˦½ϣ֣˲ݵϡ
վ˫£ϡĿſڽű߲ݵϵĴ㣬Ц˾¥°
˾
¥ǰħ彫˾廻˵طѺǵطס˾뿪ϵ˱ɾ
죬˾۾ɾ⼸һֱϵ㣬ˡ㻹ڴ˴㣿
˾ڵϵ£ǴΧ
Сûлشһ⣬߲ˡ
ߺ߲ȫ⻰˾嶯һ٣̽һڶϣƬ̺ȵǳ᰸ɵģ
¹һ
˾˼Ƭ̣۾Īţھʹ뿪˴
ֵһۣءã㣬⼸ˣħж
˾巴Ĭˣһüô
˾㽫淢˵ˣ۾ħˣֽ׽һ
þò˵˾㻽һ
عͻһֻ֣ȥϴ⼸ᰵ.޾ϸĸ˵һ顣
̬ȣ˾Ҳ⣬ϾҲǶȻŵġ
˾ãҵңʱ䣬
һǻӦ
ڶգ˾Լǰ
֪ϸȫ˵һ飬ȻǱŹƽԭ򣬲ûͼӴףҲû
ĬĬţϿϲŭ˾˵꣬Ǿˣ˸Ƽ
˾峤̾һ۾ϴѰİ취ˡ
ġߣҲȫȻûа취
˾һǵ۾Ϊβ뿪
ᰶֻˣϴߵͻȻѹҺһ
˾壺
űɾ˵ĻˣԳᰣûе߿Եġ
˾Ƭ̣ʣ۾㲻
Цʲôġȥϴ˵ᰣôʹ򣬲ز׾Ҫᱻʰĺܲҡ
˾壺Ȼеɾô£ǱɾԾԼҲܿ
˾뿪˶봴Сռ䣬ȥɾһ˵ɾѵûֻһԲ
˾ǰ˻Σôòɵ˰ɣ
ɾ˵۾˳һ˹ǣϻкǿħϢ
˾ͷħŨͬһ
ɾֵͷȥֹܿЦˣԭ
˾岻Ŀ
ɾԳڵ㶼Ķ֣Ҫ˵вˡв֮ӵڣãǳ᰹ȥġ
˾ѵԺһΣɳΪҪô
ɾЦȻΪ˸һѶϢ˺ǡ
ǿ֡
 *
˾뿪󣬶Ϫһһ¨ȥˡ
СԺھĵģ֪ᰲҲżͽ˲񷿡
 *
һߣڵԺ˳ͱڤסȥ·
ɨһۣÿ
ڤ˲̶񶾣ȴĸ޻ˡᰵ˵ǳͽܡ
᰾ĿڤһЦһ˵ҰƺĸɱˣǺ
ᰣ˵ˣ
ڤʱֻڤȻ绤㣬պΪҲŵĻҿɲ㡣
᰽Ųͣڤ۵һĨЦ⣺ƾ㣿
㡭ڤŭˡ
Сڤǡڴʱ׽һл˵
ڤֵ˳һ£ÿ͵ҵš
ڤߣŭĽһ磬ļ磺Ƣãʲô鷳
Ҿǿ˳ۡڤ磬ɱˣǳͽܣ֮˶թǳڲƭ
ɲصġųºҾһֱħǣ
ڤ۵һĨѪɫǣһûѪζء
ֵܶЦ׺ܿɫ˵ǵҪƺҪȥǳᰣ֪𣿡
ڤһƺʲôǧǰɡǵˡ˽磬ƺҲǲˡҪΪ磬ǿЦҲ𣿡
׵䲻˵˲㣬˵Ҳ㣬˵䡣
ڤ׻ζһ˲ŵ˿ΪģҲвġ
ڤ֪뵽ʲôֿǣ۵һĨݾ֮ɫ
׺ܿת˻⣬⼸ǲ㣬æЩʲô
ڤĸߣһʽӸץЩԽ磬һǱɺã˭̵ʱɱˡ
Ŷ⵹Ȥȥ
ףڤֵܶ˵Զˣûпߺ󣬳ᰴӽ˳
ףڤ뿪ķƬ̺ת뿪ˡ


137 
᰻صס, ȥϪߣһֱҪڴ˴Ķ뾹ڡڳܸܵϢ֪ڴ˴
᰽Ųһת׼ȥѰ, תʱ֪ʲô, Ųһ١ϬĿϪһƬѹĲݴͣƬ, ۵һĨ⡣
ǰ鿴, Զءһ졣
һҴķȥе;ͼһƺ̳𡣳ᰱһ·Ǹλúǡ񷿣
᰸ϵ, ĿһɨûмӰ, ǲڴϸ΢, ᰱ˽ȥ
ʦ𣿡
վ̨ԵĶͷ, Ǹ˵ĻŹᰶˣպ, ׼ˡ
ˡ, ᰽ŲһֻͣǺ̵ܶһ˲쵽޷ע⡣
ߵԣͷ￴˿, ͼŨŨ̷ݣǺ˵
һԵİϻеøһֵ, ȻǶæûϵü, ̫󣬰ѹջˡ
һҲ, ෴ܸˣŵһ, ųᰵˣͳһ˰ɡǺˣǵԡ
᰽մһ£һצֱһںڵĺۼ
ɨһ۲⣬ס֣һԣšϸĵĸϵۡ
ˡ᰷±Ⱦڵӣ˶һѣʦȥң˷˾ͺá
˳ųᰵűһᰵıӰֿԼɾ˫֣̲סһָ⡣
֣ô񡭡е̣
̨ߣͼһСŸɷˮˣ׷ȴˡ
׷뻹һ㣬㵹ûֻǱϡ飬ԡ
ϲһ׷˳ȥȡ˿Ӹߵš
º󣬾ͼһŵһ㸹ϵ⣬ѵû
ᰶζô
ڶڴĿУ᰼ǿУڿɬӦǶ봦ʱ㵨Ūˡ
ɫ糣Ľȥ̧ʵʦרΪᰶģ
ͷԼǲܣŻὫǣħķУಹһЩ
ó𣿡ʡ
һ۾һĵľӣҵһζãҳ
ȴԼǰ벻ĿᰵʦרŸᰶģ
Ƭ̣ͷðɣԡ
ᰵʦһ˵ȥۻ̧ͷĿ⽻㣬Ϣ󣬳̧ϼһС磬ЩŰĵĽ˲񷿡
ſӣŵĿǰ㣬һӣתеΪʦǲ͵Եģ
᰻Цڴʦʲôأֻˡ
룺
᰺ܿһ˿һ뵰ᰶרΪʦġ
Ķ¶Цʦͽ棬ֱԼǰĲ˳ԹˣֽǷݵƽˡ
극᰽ʰɾʱͼ뻹ǰڵǰһʦ
Ϊʦߡ
Ӧá
˴ռ䱻ɽУɽˮˡ
СԺƽմĵطȥԶԶģˮ
ϪһȻ̧֦С뽫֦﷭˷ڴ
վһþòʦôˣ֦ʲô⣿
ûУֻǺȻӣϵӣˡ
һϸֳһ˿ɬЦ⣺ǰӣӣǼġ
ֻĲӣϵӣǶǵĿʱ⡣
뽫붶˶֦ǲһԼ˹
񱻷һʱҲʹʽûʲôɱ
˰벽Ҳ˹ǿȶԳ˵СҼңԭΪؾͷֲˡ
ʽͬǽУõʽᰵĸоЩϤ
ĻҪŶ˵һ֦Ȼ˳䡣
ᣬϲۣȴһ
ǴʱֻϰĽ֣뷽һѽˡ
ٴα֦УڼȫӦԣغϺڷӦõĵϸ΢ơ
׵ĵ̳ģ׼ȷ˵õĵĵ
ǵ͸ŵ죬˷ʤһѳһ亹
ȲΪĵĵǿĻƾҪսʤȫܵġ
ᰴĿ⣬һ߶һ߿Ŷ룬ֻ봽ߺЦ۵Ź⣬һʱ׶˼
˼뽫ֿ֦һָһ֦˹
ǰղżڤһϳڤʽ´̧ӭϡ
ڤĲǸӣʽߵĶа·ӣڤ۵Ķ֮࣬󣬳Ӧԡ
۵һĨ֮ɫٴν֦϶Ϊһ᰹˹ȥ
ᰣһһʱ仹ȫ㿪Ĺƣ֮Ѻ̫ࡣ
ֻǼ򵥹УûжᰵĶ־ǱˣԽսԽ£۾ҲԽԽ
սȴͣͶĿ⡣
뽫ֲ֦/ڵϣ˸ЩˣΪʦȥ˯һ
ѳһ㱡ãʦȥ
˯º󣬳ֻѪڷڣŷŶʽһһƽ֮
ɽ¾ãȴһģ
ħǵȴǧ꣬ⷬһײϱǲݵľ棬˫Ǵ˼Ѫһ㣬һʱѷʤ
ħɣӺΪ磬ɶ֮ƣңң
**
˾һ֣ʵ׼ʲôʱ֣
գȵ۾
ɾһöɫӣ̰ΣȻöһ۾ǱΣ
˾չ£ӡ
ɾšüȰ۾²ҪСᰶֽҪճźá
ϸĻͻᷢĻдһ˿ֻЦ⣬Ͳóᰶֶźá
˾嵭һЦҵõ۾ɫƶƲġתĿ⣬˳Ŵ⿴ȥֻܲǴħ뿪ʼһֱš
ħкζ
ɾڿ칦ɡ
ħ䲻ɾ˵ڿ칦磬Ҳࡣ
ɣӺħӰ죬ϲ죬޴ĺڶڰգһֻ˶ɵϹޣһ̲סͷ䡣
ռһߵС򣬴ʱҷһͥԺеƻͨ
Ⱥħ裬Щȵħ.޵輧һŲײ赸
棬ϵķˡյһûڵ
ġ
䶥һͷ׷ȴ׳ӡͷŨüĿ˵ĸоʮ׺һͲýӽ
ħ磬ֳȴһףѹֱߣʱ׼ˡ
ᰵĶ棬ǴƴƵħ塣
ڤҲڶ棬ʱͷӹһ輧ÿڶɹľơ
ڤһѽ輧Цаеô˵һļơ
üƿĿ⡣輧ֽ˲輧ЩʵԭվƬ̣Ȼһ뿪ˡ
תͷͼײ֪ʱࡣ
׷ֳһѹλ
ڤͬڤĸ޵ķ·жڻģһ׺һԽӽ
׵ĿںֵĵܵϣܺãЦϰߣħӲѹԼ.ʲôʲô
˶٣ӵպϰˡ
ᰶԴ˻ÿɷ
ֹһһħСŽˡ
ħ帩Ķ˵˼ʲô̧ڿһӣԭֵ̰Ǹ˻صԼλϡ
Ƭ̺󣬾ͼƺһħĴ˽


138 
ƺĿбӵ, һݴ
ݼ
ƺֿʼĵĿһֱϣƺЦ𡣡
ƺǡ
ЦСܴ˷࣬Ǹλ, °ɡô˾͵㵽˺ÿ硣
ɨһ, ֪ǲ׹ⰲŵ, ƺλӾħ彫, Զ
ƺĸ壬ĵӣԴȻеˣȻֻɨһΨһȱλ, ֹ˼
ƺҲϰ, һл, 㳯ǿλȥ
һΰֵħһֱƺ, ƺߵλǰ, źЦħ, ǧ겻ħˡţţģǱȵƼҪƯ
Ƽƺĸס
ǧǰƼһҼ.ݵͷ, ĿУһҹ., ƺ
, Īǲᣬһûע⡣ӻڤ, бһ輧ƺ, Ƭ̺Цôһǡ
Īħ˻֮УƼһǣڻ˾޲ѡ
ڤֿ죬ٴƮƺϣ´ƺ٬⣬۵״ŲεĶ벻м
ڤ̧ڻ輧.һ£輧֪ʶȤվߵһȥˡ
Ⱥ輧֪ʱٴ趯ڤƣ迴ô껹ӣʵǷζĺܡСҿղ轣һλˣ
ڤ˵⻰ڵʱһƬֻ̺ƼĪħЦãá
Ƴһģɫ糣ϲ޲ãȨһڤƺħķ塣
һ˶žƱҳһֱ˵֮ԭΪΪԵʶˣջħСĿ۽硣
ˣħͺܺãƮƮĵ֫Խϸˣû·
Ϊĸݣƺħһֱӡ
ƺٲӡûеλֻ⻰۵Ҳ̲סֳһŭ
ڤһɢαһЦˣȡ
һ輧ƺǰձԽ֣ЩЦŽšһһһ߹һ
ЩȻǽƺ˼.пķ糾Ůӣްؿԡ
ƺ봹ʹ˿ʱı飬ֻϽճȭȴʵ
ƺþò輧Ҳһֱǰ˫㽩š
ᰵȻƣϹۡ
ֻЦȰˣСڤ֣û˵꣬ƺλӹ輧еĽ
Աߵڤüͷһ߶Цݸˣȴƺ̧һӣǽħ͵һͣ
輧ŵüвֹ˵ͷͼѪҺɽŵסӣĵ˵ϡ
ڤϵЦݻδչɫ䣬Եʮ¡
Ҳû뵽ƺڵʱֻƺȥѪˮĿɨӹˣ˭뿴轣վ
ԭŵħʱǱס˲ӣȫտڲԡ
ƺڤǴӴݼ伷ģ֪ʲô
ƺڤ磬򣬽ӣһССҲʸңɱһģƽ׾ܵˣ
ڤƺӡͣǧǰʱƺĸ״©ƫԺΨΨŵŵ˸˵
ĥĥݣЦǣɾǺô磬Īɾ֮λˣˣҵ涯ɱˣ㽫ںεأ
ƺܲãӦԣĸǸӣΪĺȴǵɷ糾֮ȡ֣ûƢĽڽ¡磬վһңǺξģֽںεأ
Ѫˣڤ͵վΪ̫ŭǰˣյɢһء
ڤһŭڵձĽƺŭڤƬ̣ȻЦˣұһҲãϴβδܾˣýա
סڣ
ڳ˶֪ǰڤڶƺǳսˣƺʱ˵⻰ڳ
ڤĥĥݣ㡭
ˡۿһսĲųֹǼ磬ֵҲûˣºúóԶٷɡ
ǻƺ˼ˣڤ
ĵ¡
ڤɫѿƺƴ˶պݺݵƺһ£תλ
ƺ׼˻ȥͼĳ֣Ϊ
ƺЩ㵣۵ɫӦһ첽˹ȥ
˲׳ɫڤǲ㽫еľƱ󱬡
ϯ䣬ᵽһĴ㣬Ƶؽ£˵Ƕʲô뷨˵
һħ彫ħ𣬴˷䲻ڣҿǱɾҲǲС
ӦԣǧȥˣҼŵǳ˺ܶ࡭
ôˣڤЦһδܳʲô򡣸ǲֱɱϹޣʱ˽һˣ˲ų졣
ڤһ˶˵ˡ
ĿУЩɫ΢΢һЦתƺΪΣ
ƺûеһʱش⣬Ǵӣᰡ
üͷһ
֮˶϶׽̳ħ֮λҲ֪׵ĸ
˵ǧ˿ƵϵȻ׶ģǾ͸Ϊ˵ˡ
ھ˳ƺĿ⿴ȥᰣ
ᰴӦǡ
Ҽǵ׶˵ǳΨһĵӣڴ˴ζԸûʲô˵ģ
ɫ䣬ҲܵĮħʶľħ˵ˡΪħ£ħȲңҳȥǡ˵Ź뿪˷䡣
üδƺһۣ䡣
г˷䣬δ뿪ѰԺڵͤ
ͤΧľïʢжƮƻ㣬ժһϸϸ档
֪˶ãڵħ彥ɢˡĿƺӰʧУ׼뿪һҵĽŲ߽ӽ
ȥĽŲһ٣žһĵŮڤħˡ
ûӦĹȻڤ
ڤĻдһŭݾƺƾʲôһŮ¼ӡҲǻͷˣȻġ
˳Żľķ϶ȥͼŮӷڤкħǻطϢɡ
˵ŲڤԷĵطȥ˼ڤٴͣ˽Ų
ħ
ڤŮӼϵĸ첲ջһԸȥȡҵ˫
ŮӲͺȥǲ 
ŮȻ֪ڤƢģŵһæתԶˡ
ŮӺܿȡ˫ڤһѽӹ뿪ʱŮ˵뿪֮²κ˵硣
Ů¶ɫħչ
ڤ֪뵽ʲô߾һĨЦģҴȥΪʹһݴ񡣡
ڤ˵ͷҲص뿪ˣŮԭվһҲˡ
ڤȥķ򣬳ᰲ֪뵽ʲô۵һĨ֮ɫ
 *
ڡ
ɾв豭Щ죺Ҫ۾
ǡƺĵ˼ǣħѷʤôȥУҪҳһƽķ
ƽɾЦһǵĵ̣Ǻƽ²ǴԽħʱ˵ӡ
纣죬ʵҲڴ˴δȥ
纣ҿʲôı˷ΪֻΪʱ䡣
ƺ΢΢һܿ챻ڹȥսǵ
֪۾Σ
ƺšü۾δʱóȻĿսֻ¡
ɾİãǱ˳ĵԸ۾ҲҪʱˣ۾ˣҪɱƬײ
Ҳûƺãұ˻ġ
˵ʣɾۼƳƺŵɴôˣռúõġ
ƺʶһɫ糣ûʲôֻ̫У˵󡣡
ɾŶһȥˡ
纣뿪󣬱ɾˣĵ˵𣿡
ƺҡͷ⼸æĽŲմأʵûʱ䡣
áɾҲ£һͬȥ롣
ƺδֹͷá
*
᰺ܿյҪϢɫ޴
׷ЦⷴӦδ̫ʧ˰ɣ
ظʧ
׵Ľʦ꣬ȴûԭģɣȥޣһҲһС
᰿Ƭ̣л


139 
ײ֪Щӳһֱһ, ҲûҪ͵˼
ڷϸϸƷŲ裬һͼһħ˽̧ҵ𣿡
ħ׵ɫĴұˣδڤħټ
ü᰷², ôˣ
׻ӻִ, ŶԳ˵ҹʼûСڤ, ӦΪҹвˬ, ҵط.йȥˡ
ɫ죬׵л˵
ᰱ㽫ҹͤп˵һ顣
üͷĸˣСӣ治ʡġ˽ȥΧ, Ƿڤ, ҡ
ȥ, һʱ, ħɫҰ׵Ļˡסħ, , ڤħ
ͷϲԤУڤôˣ
ħڵϣɫɷ, ʪԼȥ濴ɡ
͵󲽳˷䡣, Ƶظ, һŴλվ
᰸ſױŭ𣺡˭, ˭ɵģ
ᰳ˷䣬ͼڤڵ, ɫףûϢڵԱߣȾѪĳ
̧ŵܵħɵˣǹڵϣͷɸ
ССҲ֪һħݴͰ͵˵ǷǰѰˣ֪֪ںзڤħʬʬ
Ļû˵꣬ͱŭһ߷ɳȥ죡
һߵļݣǴ𻰵ħ巭ȥǺһѪûϢħ״æͷĸˣħϢŭ
ˣȫħǣһ˫۾ҲܵγѪƵԭȻŲһ١
̧ͷڵķҧݵơ
˵űҪȥƺˣֻһϵվס
ߣȴɹʹͣ˽Ų׻С
ڤһĸ䶼裬ֵ֮ãڤβѹ
ɨһڤʬ壬ޱףҪȥ
׺٣ȻڼѹԼŭƺɱСڤҪ
ȷڤƺɱģ
׵ҹҲˣƺСڤȻǼǺСܣɱ
ľþûпڡ
׵
֪ˡĴһѯȥɡ
!
ת뿪ˡ
ҹƺٴܸɣӺ
սŮʱֶ̲ס˶Ļڵʲô˵ģ
ƺջڤʬϵĿ⣬ص²ġ
ƨײȻŭλ첽ƺǰҹ˿Сȥ㣬֮͡ûˣɱ˭
תģ֤
˵䣬źڤħŮӱ㱻˴׵˵ҹħ˵ġ
ǡŮӺƣŵȫɤӿٽҹ˵һ顣
ƺڤȷʵҹҡ
Ƴʲôǰһץסƺĸ첲ϵɴ𿪣¶ɲ˿ڡ
һħ⡭˿ڤħѪɵģҾԲϴ
һڽԻȻԽ̸ѵħɱģ
⡭⵨Ҳ̫˰ɡ
˭˵ء
ױƺ㻹ʲô˵
ڤ֣ߵʱǺúõġ
㣡׼Цһ˵ڤô£
׻Χˣصǧǰڤ游Ĵսǹ޵ɾĶ֣˵ȥһڣ㣬˭ɱ
׵Ļõ˴ҵһͬǰǰҿˣȷʵǿڤħ
ԣɱħȫġ
ôһ˵ѵ桭
ƺüף֪ڤȥң˴֣ⲻѰ·
תģ˽Ҫͷ˴£ҪǣҲ϶
䣿˼ΪЦЦſû֪ݡ
еġƺף³֣ᰡ
һ㶣Цһ
ƺ磬Ϊ£ȷĲҪ֪վ塣˹ħǣҪԸڤҲǲܡ
ŭδɢ۵ȴһĨɡ˾ȥѳ᰽й
᰿ڵʱ˵Ŀһʱɨ˹᰽Ųɼһ٣ǰħλ
ƺתᰣڤǲɱģ
ü΢΢һǻԼˣ˵ʲô
ƺظһ飬Цһԩ޳ΪҪɱ
ƺ壬á
ˡᰵ˵Ҹڳ߲ʮ꣬ƺħ޴ǧꡣ
Χ˵ɫ۵ף΢΢һЦħڤħ鲻ҹһˡңĪˣҶ
ƺû뵽᰻˵ɫʱһҪԣ
ᰵǲǺҴħйϡ
ƺŭЦǰû㾹
᰿֪ӳμͲϲҡһȳڤֿɽħ֮ɱңǺֶΡ
Ƕԣá
ƺȻתףûǴغѪħӵ㽻ɳȥյĽȴЩѱ滻ȫħˡ磬㵱Ϊ£ҿŰߵļϸ
ǷƽʱǾƺĻģʹʧܵܣˡҴʵǣƺ𣬹ó⡣
׿ᰣ䣬˵ѪħǼǲ㰵ֽţڤǷҲ֣
ᰰ봹мһĨ⡣
ǰ׷ɱЩ⣬ôΣҲһֱţ뿪¥̽Ҳ֤ԼĲ²⡣
纣ϵģʵѡ
¥¥䣬ֹ¥ʵжǽסġ
纣ħصĳޣȷ֤ݣȡǵβѡ
̧û
Ҫʵ׵ƴűᰣǸƭңҶܡ
˵ľʵ
ᰵĻû˵꣬׳֡⧲ֻѪӿ³һѪ
֪ħǵԭ
׵ȻôİһħǣħϸҪ˿
Ҳʲô¶ᰲԭ
Ϊ״߶ÿһ£Ǿһ̣ʹѸңᰵܿͱ亹ʪˡ
ȻףȴһĨЦЦƳ
ҹϯɢˣڴ˴ڿ뿪Կ֤Χڶ࣬з˹ڤǧΪɱģҪ˵ڵĵϢ¡
⻰۵¶˼ɫĨȥѪȻλɵ֮ݲңھɱңҲùÿղ¼ɡ
׳Ĭ
Ҳת˼
ħ˽磬ﶼ֪Ķϳûаٷ֮ٵʤ㡣˳᰾Ͳͬˣ˹ǣǯƣɲ
᲻ˣСؿڵɾΪǲС᲻
ײٴ߶ų˵ġڤҲǧˣĶ֣ɱƺϴѲˣ븸ƺ£̿ʣҪڤһ
򲻿ɰħ׵Ļ˶ˣ׷ǰȰǽҪͷħɣôõĳıɾҪһˡ
ǰǰæ͡
ŭʲô˼ѵڤͰ𣿡
һֱĬĵȻȥɣĪҪɡ
ƺЩ죬۵׸һů⣬ǡ
͵ǰסƺȥ·ȴǶ˵ģڤʬδܷȥѵֻں𣿡
һ˦ȥ׵ƫһԡ
˭˶Ա˵
ž£ȥѪ۵𺡣
˼ˣæǰȰסףħ¡»ħ޹أҪŭͷԲǰ
˺һײŵǶʧǡ˵ͷҲص뿪ˣҲ˳ȥ
һ·ԼԺ䣬ֻ̤֮ڴƹƹˤҶ
Ժź̴ŵùһء᰻Щȥ̤ڡ
׵ˤҲδͣ£֪˶ãܻٵĶˣͣ֡
ˤЩʱײδħ壬ʱֱѪģȵѪڵءͷ˻ۿˣϵȴˡ
ҧ֪飬û뵽Լ׹Ҳ㡣
Ĩ˰ĳᰵƺȥġ
ûлͷǻͷȻֳܹϸֳһĨŪЦ⡣
˵ţһ죬һɱƺϾҪˣȥɡ
Ȼڴ˶ͣߵűߣֵȥޣڴ֮ǰԺúЪϢ
Ӧһ뿪ˡ
*
ˮ뵣ֽ⿪ϵɴ¶ǰ.һ˿ڡ
˿Ƥⷭǿֲ
Ȼǽܵģħڴ˴ͻᷢ˿Ѫɵġ
᰽ɴֶһԣͰڡȵˮ̲סƺһ
Ϊ״߶ĹϵѪӿδƽϢˮӳɺ˫ü
ᰱ۾ʼ˹ƽ.궯ѪҺ
֪˶ã洫ỺĽŲŷűߵˣᰶ𣿡
Ƕ
ֻ֨ѽһ죬ű˴ƿˡ
ʱͼлƮɢһֵζ
Ӷ˶ᰶʲô
ûСѿɫЩҵ˵ƣСĴˡ
Ŷһԭ
߹һɫʦôˣҶ̫󳳵ˣ
ҡͷòΪʲôΣգͺá
ɫ΢ʮﶼ֮⡣ǶԱ˴֪ȴ˴װɵ
һ̣᰺ȻҪ̹һеĳ嶯úһġ
᰸׼˵ͼ˸Ƿû˯ȥһ
޷ʹãƣҲġ
ɫá
ųᰵ󣬡ߣΪʦһ
ʱúܿ죬ʱת۾͹ȥˡ
緹ʱ򣬶ע⵽ж౸һݷˣ˵粻Է
᰸Ϻȵ΢΢һ٣ŵţе£ٻʦ𡣡
ͷ
᰺ʦ𡣡
ţ̧ɾ⡣
ҡҡͷûʲô
緹ʰ뿪ˣϵɣӺʱ򣬷ħװֻģԸ֮պǽ䡣
ȫһȻɫĮȻʼնûпһۡ
᰸һ˹ޡһ̤˵أֻΧ죬һͷ㿴Ưڽűߵİƣ̧ͷԶΡ빬
·Կų᰽вֵĻȴ͸¶Ȼζѹ˽㽡ɾǼλõġ
ɶһĵ˱ɾػȺλ
ػǳ۾ͽӴ͵ĵط
߳һξ룬һħ彫Ȼ˵㷽˵ɾػǵ۾ںδ
۾๬ЪϢ
ħһʲô˼ħ٣ȴֻüɾдǲǲǷ 
ħ˵꣬һ˱ͣ˽Ų̶֣Ѫϴ޵˼
յʱ
ɶǼģħôҲɫ
ɶĪҪᣬ۾׼˾磬׼úÿλʱ۾Ի
⻰΢һЦһ¡
ʵᰲڴ֪벻ڹޣֻǺ۾ʧ٣ƺҪճҪħ彻ϾΪɵľǶ롣
ɶһƣٴ
ţ̧๬ķЩʦĵط
һ˺ܿ쵽ػϣƺɾ
˿˼䣬ڱ˴˳ŪԷƷ̸ʵȤ
ħλߣ˷Уȴħһ档
ᰶԹڵ²ȤֻʮȤۿʱһһţת۾Ϳ쵽ŵʱˡ
᰺Ȼ뵽뿪ʱǲǲȥˣɾ۵״һ˿Ц⣬Խþ
᰺ȻʮȻǲŷ̶ֿʱ
ڿһۣ˲뿪ˡصסĲԡ
оϢ
᰿첽񷿣׼ķ˻úõİûбĺۼ
ѹĵĲתȥԷƿžͼڴϣư˯ˡ
֪ǲϢģ˼ʦ𣬹洲ϵ˺޶
վڴ߾þûж
ˣϴһϢԤס
߬ƣһ̴ﱬӿ˵Ϣ
ɫĻħɨ䣬̮֮ơ
ڰһأһƬǽгת˫ܵγѪ
**
๬С
һͷ÷򵥵ϵԺ·Ҳţ˶͸¶һζ
ʱˮڵɲݽˮһ΢ĽŲӽ̧ͷͼɶ˹
ע⵽жŶõʲô
ǺࡣǰŵǰЦɾ˵ϾͿʼˣʲôԾ͹ȥ岻ãȺһ档
ü˵ϴʱˡ
ҲãħȺĵĶһԷûθڡ
ʢŰŴ࣬һۿȥܹϺʺ;Ө⣬ĲϷŵú㣬ζ֪ʮ
˽ʳģˡӣЦʣϴģںδ
ǣɾػǲġ
£˫ߵһܿεСɹŶ
뿴ķЦѾͷֿʼˡ۾ҪҰн𣿡
ҲáͷлҪɾ
˸߲ҵã۾Եȣͽ
ΣҡҡͷҨһŵ߳һڣÿüͷ̲ס
಻úȣ෴뺣ζʵ̫ˣһǳϤ
밴ͷɻҨһ׷ŵߡ
ǡڴʱ˽һ̧ͷ˵ʱһһͽ
̵ĶЩӶˡ
ʦ𣿡˿첽ǰе̵ˣҿ
ЩǱķӣζû뵽᰻ڹޡ
ŵȴ˴ȥһᰴħʲôţֱƸƺϴǡҲץסʲôѱɺá
ڰ֣˵û¡°һԭǳ°͡
ᰵʦҿ
ų᰽ߵŲһ˿ᰵ龹ǺɫģϢҲȡ
ǳħԭ
ħΪλȻӰᰣһˡ
ӦǻȥһˣûпŻ㡣ӳʮǱƿʼ˽Сͽܡ
ᰵӲϿǰ㣬⺢ӳִ֡
¶᰽ûñͶˡ
ſͣѩ״ݼ̽һط⣬ĿĴϣɫ¹һ¡
ȻЩڣͿһˣģҾ˵û
ȻûΪᰵͷס
ͻȻȴʮֲᣬᵽĵһӦСǼһ㣬ûҧ촽
˼ţŻعԣʱ
һƿᰣЩЩƣᰶ֪ʲô
궯ħϢóͷѣӱܣҲ׼ӱܡ
ץסְؿڣɺֱ۵ףᰶʦһֱ˼ʦһֱû𣿡
Ĭ֪ġǰ֪ˡ
ֻʱǡҪ£㽫Ǹѹˣѹѹžˡ
ʵҲֶܹ룬ôһֱڸħδϵ¡
ټϺػسߣᰵ̬һûаԽǲˡ
ᰵº;ҵ˳ָ⴫֪ǲܵȾҲż
׼˵ʲô˹۾ϯϾҪ
Ȼֹɴ۾Ŷᰣ۵д˾ȣǡ
뽫ֳ˻ʲô£
ŻعŵŵϣϯϾҪʼˣ۾źɡ
ءȥš
ŶӦһЩʧ䣬ǰ۾µģô
̲סվڶԵĳһۣ˵Сɹô£ôľͷƵ۾ǳȥˡ
ԥҪҪһߣͼ뿴£
ҡͷ˳һۣûҪߵ˼۾Ҳɸίˡ
뿪󣬶볯ϵ֣ǳᰡ
᰽Уʦͽ˶Ƭ̣ŵˡ
һϸĸ봩Ϊ˷
ڼ䣬ûһ佻̸
ڴˣӦһȥȻͣתųᰡ
ɫ΢۵дڴȴʲôҲû˵뿪ˡ
*
ػ
ƮƮɶ˹Щ.аħ忴ֱ۾
޵ɾħ࣬۵Ӷż㣬ײҵĻ𻨣ʱܴ
۾
һͨͣʦɶԷ˵һԡ
Ϣ󣬾ͼڵſڡһ£ֻ·ʽʱŲͬ
ƽմ޵ﶼΪˣԽԵ֫ϸȴ֮Сںڵķ˿ðţƽ˼˲µĵĹ
Ŷ룬ƺһ˲Ļ㱡ɾλվӭļơ
ڶǰʱͻȻѳ빥ȥڳ˶ûϵд˱ʣɫһ䡣
ɾȵģʲô
ƺҲλվϲ޵֮ɫֻǲ֪ĵ˭
ɫ䣬㲻ܣֽ̧һơ
Ȼаħײ磬Ƶõ̲ס۾
֮󣬶룬ĸһȫվǵŶԷ˴ŭһʱҳһš
󵨣ڴ˶Ե۾֣𣡡
ħǲǾͺúսһ
Ǻǣʹ㰡үүҲ翴ǲ˳ˡ
˫Ҫʱ򣬺ĹЦǧ겻۾ˡһģǵ۾ˣöš
ȫħĸ
ǣòļãЦŵʱһɹǵζ˵ħߵǰæռ˱˫Ⱦûվֱ治һ֮
ǧǰ˽Ǳӣ±ĵ׵һ̣û˸ǰ
ĻЦɢȥֻһƬ䡣
ӮһЦˡƱһľɭͷ̨̤
ɾϵʱ̲סüģཾˡ
ϴҲ˴Ĵָ
ŶҲ˻ȥ
ңңľٱ겻ħǺһ
ĶƱףǵħ곤þá
ףáЦţȴŲεĳ
ֻûһͷоһ
֪ʲôʱһ۾
̧˵ףŶħлҪ˵
ɣӺʱһֱһ˵ȴЦ档
׵۾ģҽ½һλѣĽұŽˣڵ⣬֪ɷһõ۾ɣ
ü΢΢һǺϸ΢ģ˺Ѳ
ЦŶħ۲ܳΪѣҲͨˡˡһӡ
Ŷɵӣ۵һĨŤĿ⡣λȥˡ
Ƭ̺׻ˣŵ˹ϵǰ㣬ǳᰡ
վڵЦ۾λҵѣճһ֡
ᰳ񣺡۾
ǰüף˵ʱһֱڶϡ϶ҡ
뵽޵ڷһУĺ˰֡ôųᰵһʱ˵
⸱ģоһˡⲽ߶ˡǺͽܵġ
ãջĿ⣬ɡ


140 
ڿλ
ϯĿƵƵڵλɨȥ, ͼ᰽𵱳ˮһȣһһ
޵䲻˽ľǰңȶҲǻ˵ġ
뵽ľ̲סÿü, , ֲ, ֻǰ㿴š
, ûһ᰾ͽ岻ʳػ䵣ǣȴҲܾʹ˦뿪
ڰϯ뽫һӦ񶪸ƺͱɾҴ뿪ˡ
˳ħ⡣
Ŷæ뿪ıӰ, ۵һĨ⡣
뽻־͸оƲδȫ, ӲšټԼһִͽܳڵжӪ, ʱĽԲ, Ҳѹż뿪
ľ, ϵƺɾЦɡ
ػ, δֳᰵӰץһʲ֪ᰵƫϢˡ
ŲһתѰ˹ȥͼһһӰѾ˯ˡ
̧ߵ, ԺȴȻг˫ɫȴһ˿۾
˵ᰶʦһֱ˼ʦһֱû
ǰ᰾, ʱְ˵, ˵ͽ㡣
С
ջ֣Ūĵ˵ʲô֮ǰ, ܼᰡ
ø⡣
ţת뿪ˡ
ŽԶȥĽŲ, ڳ˫ۣ۵һĨɫսָһڵĺۼ
صʱ̨ϵͷܱʼ飬Ų̧ͷ
۾ϥϵĲɫôôѿ
ȶ˵ԲһͨǲħЩˣȥʰǸ۾˵žҪߵ˼
򵥵־ͳɹֹĽŲ
ѧŵӣֱڰ̨ԣ
Ŷ
ڶȴûҪ˵˼
˿һŤͷ۾ʲô
Ϊ˵˼ζԸħ壬ȴ˵ǣ֪ϲһָо𣿡
䲻֪Ϊκö˶˵̺͸⣬ȻԺ߸Ȥ
ҵȻ֪˫۷Ź⣬Ҷҫɾĸ顣
뿴һۣ۾ʲô񡣡
촽˶ʲôҲû˵û£ϸ˵˵
ϲָоɣܡ
ô˵
ǣñϲһˣһͻܿģ˵ʱоͻţúòãûб۸ۣһЦʲôöҲ͵ǰˣͻѹ
ȶԣӿˣ˵Ĳǡ
۾ΪͻȻĪǵ۾ϲˣ
뻹̫ȷ˵˶٣ֵϲһˣǶԷ𣿡
Ȼˡ֪뵽ʲôߺ˫սߵҲҪǡ
ġǣ

촽΢΢һ£񡭡е㡣
˳õĳĬС
һֳ°ͣ˵ԭǳϲԳҲġʵǣţô˵أã
ĸһԭЩµһӱúܺá
ַܿȥᰱϾΨһĵӣԳ᰻᲻ǳʦͽܵİ
ʦĻͽܽ
ôãĸ龭һƬհףһʱҲò׼ڤ˼ãɾ
ɾհһħߣתյ˶
ϴ㣬ͽܣв㣬ô
ɾɴ۾·ܵ˼ľţٻصΪʲôҪң
벻ͷ˵ô
ɾô治ͽҷŪɡһ٣ǳᰶ㡭
Ȼϣǡ
ɾһҲǣףҲִ治¡
һԵƺɾɫ仯죬һ䡣
ɾ˸ۣ۾ַ֪ʲôͽô죬ô죬ǵôĹȡ
ɾڶԳᰵΣҲû룬⻰ƺоͲһžˡ
ɾѾ뿪ˣƺȴվԭأ䱡ĴգѳѪζ
*
˱ɾĻش𣬶ʮ⡣ٴλػȴ֪ħһѾ뿪ˡ
뱾׼ȥˣȴƺˡ
£
ƺξ磬ħû̸£
±֮УӦһ֪ˡ
ƺԭأ⼸ˣȥЪϢɡҿĻʲôУһսǲɱġ
ƺȴûߣŶ룬۾Ҫ½磿
ƵĿΪҪ½磿
ᰡ
ͽȻŭˣǰãħһս
Ȼƺǿŭ֮¼εĶ
ƺڶ뵭ɫĴϣ̲סָ߬
Ŷ뿪ıӰƺһԼ˵Уڲֱ˺һнһ
ȷƺ뿪󣬶˳ȥҳᰣûиոӡ
Ϊ˹ǵĹϵҵʮּ򵥵£ǰЩ
ǸǺʲôҲû˵ǰ̬ȳӦúѹɣǲ
һĳ۾ԸʱҲѵòôˡ
˼ãȻ⣬ֻһ벻ˣȡ֮һֻɫС
ųɽеСԺУʱҹԷﻹȼŵơ
˳Ŵڣͼڴϣ೤ȻѾ˯ˡ
ֻ˯ĺܲȣüͷţϵħϢҲûѹơ
˯ˣ
˿ĵӿһͷ
ᰵ仯ħһĹϵǣħǵȴǳĵ׵ĸ
ӳڷ˹Ǿѵһ̣ͺܺ棬ųºᰵϵ׷ʲôô׵ģ֪ƺҲ׸ģ
ʹʱʹɾ˾壬Ҳ֪
뿴˯еĳᰣΪ˹ǵĹϵ̽ᰵҲǲܡ
ֻسᰣδ˽ڡ
ǲ
ãнһԭָߣ޳ָڳᰶϡ
˯г᰸ܵһ̽.ڣʮ־ѵģǹϢʵϤģһ˿֮ġ
᰷ǹԼ壬ЩѹĹһĻĻԺи֡
ƯڰգưҹУ᰹Ѫ۵ֱסƺһ£ʵѪħʱᰵ˻ʹ࣬
ȻһеĳᰣԼǿǸɾġ
ȻᰲµһпԼйأᰶҲδһ˿⡣
᰻ǽС΢⣬һһ
ֻ
ֻʹѵΪ᰹ɶ£΢һ⣬ȴ֪Լ˶ôص˺
ôˣᰲֵЩսɾǻǧ꣬Ϥµˡ
ǰǸӡ
벻ٴط˶ѹסӿȵ˼밮⣬һصĴ
ʦ𣿡
ᰵڶ𡣶ջ֣Ͷ˳˫δȥɺɫ
ѹĵ׵ʹһӿ᰺٣һץס󣬽˺ϵ.¡
ȶ˵᰾ͺȥ׵ĺ··˻ĵ׵ʹࡣ
һ˫ı΢΢һڻӦ
㶹󣬳ᰵỺǡ
֪˶ã˲ķֿᰵʦǲᰶ𣿻ʲô
۾Ϊʦʱ㣿
û˵Ĭһħұ뽫ǣû뵽㾹ߵġ
ˣҲ֮С
Цһ£ֻЦδ۵ףʦӲңһִġ
ĬᰵҲ³ãԲ𡣡
᰻Ȼ̧ͷʦ˵ʲô
Բ𡣡ظһ飬㲻ܵĿųᰵ۾ᰶΪʦڸߴ̫ˣǱ˴ҵ˼һδǸû뵽˽ľôѹ
촽˶Ϊʦô֪꣬ȥһˣΪʦȥѧţӦѧıһЩһЩ
᰾Լ©˰ģЩŵؿŶ룬ʦ
ָᰵգЦûǸ˼Ϊʦͬϲᰶ
뽫ҩץǵóʱϴᰵǸԸԼд
Բ֣ǰ˵ڡ
ѹ³ᰵĲӣ촽ģһ£Ҫ๬һͦġ
ᰰ¼εϸĶ˹ȥ
§һܹĸܵԷϵı仯᰺ȴţȻô롣
볶ᰵȴһͣųᰵ۾ѯʣ֮Ҫ
һˣʦ𲻾á̫𣿡
죿΢һüͷ
ΪǸ೤ǣ۽ǷһĨ죬۵̴ˮůɫһգ͸¶һɹǵζ
죿ᰶΪʦã±ˮɡ
̹̹Ϊʦýá
۾УոȷԼ⣬תʰļ׽һǳɣ񻹴һٽᰡԵ뷨
֮ȣС΢꣬ŲŲö֪Լ⣬ʵЩЦˡ
˵֪ʦ̹ʣֺοʹôá
ĸּȡ˳ᰣЦʦ˵ļǣᰶʦá
ץס֣ʮָۣմȾˮɫĴʦõģҰɣᰶʦġ



141 
ʱ, һ࣬ѵýճҲδ
һִ֣˴ᰵգһ㱻ץסˡ
۾Цʦѵô, ˯һ
Ѿˡ˸Ƿ, , ץڲ·, ȻƳ׵ֱϴЩۼ
붯һ٣طۡ
֪ǲ̬Ϸ˱仯ڶһˡ֫, , Ψһвıǳϸɸɾ, һۼûС
ʱ̹עŶһһ, Ȼ, ɹеʦ, ôˣ
ָ˵
ᰲŸһͼ볯˹ʶֽ˱ס, ûû˵Լ
ּ⻬ϸ塣
һ֣ʮԵ, ·ĳü᰿Цʦ, ǡȻûҲһ˲͡
ڳŪ˼ӡӲ, Ȼûע⵽᰺ء˻Ҫȫˣǰ׵ġ
һ֡
Ъ, ᰱˮľͰĺһ󣬳˼·Ħ
ᰣ˸ոȷ˱˴˵⣬ŨʱǡħΪѰǵǺ˼졣
գػڡ
ɾ˵⼸ıŲǡаһ㣬ŪûǺƽ
һɾӵʲôаҿڰʲôıơ
һЦӵ⴫λѵ˼һ㶼Ѳ£϶̤ƽޣռɡ硣
ͷͼ˽
ɾ׷񣬱ɾ۾ôˣ
ƺҲü
࣬͵ˣôЩӣҲó߶߶ˡ
Ƿ˵ʲôǡ
һ׺ͣ޵ɾҲΪֲûõڵսӲˡ
һ˵۾һΪΡ
˵
ĵСڤѶղӰϴǵޣڤҲڲ࣬˻᲻ڰС
΢֪ʲô˿ǻΪ˷
뵽ᰣɫԽͣߴЦ޷ҲһССڤ
˷׷ӦǣҲ֪˭˵ĻһŮĺӣػ˽磬ǺӶҪȥİɡ
еİԣ޵ɾǿ˾
ħһƲ壬˽ĺһѪͳȥֻҲ⵽ų⡣
˵˳ֲͬħ˽磬ôĹ˵ħĹء
ҿ˵Ļδ˭̳ħҲǺģֻ¡
˼˵ǻụɱãǴܾˣͬھʡ鷳
۵Ȼ죬Ψƺվһ࣬ޱ顣
ֱ̧ۣڰûпİӰħܣ
ƺħͭǽڣɳ̽ӣҲûܷʲôõϢ
⽥졣
Ӳ˽ܱ꣬ܿǵĶĿɹħͨ˵ʵ뽫ҳ
ڵ˶֪ĵĵӲŽٸܵеΣա
һ£һʱҲҲʲôͷҷ¸Ϊ˵һ¡
ǸɣӺϵͨҪ취ٵźãħԮԴԴϵӿɾˡ
ɾٵͨ¾ͽȥɡʱǹŴ򹷡
⻰ƺ۵һĨ⣬ת˲š
ػڵ½ɢˣֻʣƺɾˡ
ɾչ˸˿кþû㾲̸ˡ
붪˱ӹȥﻹ˼ģͨһղ٣˽ͶһΣգȥ
ɾȵؽס붪飬Цǣ۾ϢŭСȥ
ɾ뿪󣬵ֻʣ¶ƺˣĬƬ̣ƺռĶһƣδвʣ
޷λսٻغϡ
߳ͷҲȥɣħ֣Ļ̻̣ڵĵӿصĺܡ
ƺĿͶ뿪֪ǲĴöԽԶˡ
ȷʵԶƺǰѹͷƺദԴ֪ƺԳ£һƺƣֻͰˡ
ػ뿪󣬶ͻصɽСԺֳᰲڴ˴Ҳȥһ¨͵Ϫߴ
ֱϼʣᰲŻص˴ԽԽĽŲ빴촽
ʦ𡣡ᰵڶ𣬶ͷʮȻĴչ˽һ೤ǡ
ڶڵôô
᰿һ۶ȱߵ¨Щ㹻ʦͽ˳Ժüٵˡ
᰽Ŀ¨ƿ򲨹Եˮ棬ȻѰʱսķӡ
ĽΣ
׼Ϊʡ
⻰Цˣֻϲ⣬ϵĵΪȨƵλʲô
޵ɾħ޵ҧгݣҲĶ⵽ʲô⡣
ħͨѿǵײȻ֮ȶܳصҲ޵ġ
ƾħֽڵſûбʤİաڹδĲټ϶δͬҪʱ䡣
ħԱ˴˵֪Ƕ֪ԷЦݵıʲô
Ϳ˭ˡ
Ȼֻͣһ㱻ǶԼս⣬Ц˵ôгķϣ⣬̫ˣ
ѵõϾʱ⣬ᰣ벻ټ˲⡣¨ض顣
ȥ·ϳᰵʦرϲ㡣
뿴㲻ϲϴһ㶼ˣΪʦٸ
ᰣ㣬᰾ôݼ񻹲ǿɬζ
ᰵҰʦ㴦˰ɡ
Ҳû룬ͷЦãʡ鷳
*
ȷ˵ڶľʹǰڣԼٴѰͣսľġ
Ϣܿ촫ޣһɾŭƤ治һռɣӺǺƽ˶㱾ɾʴȡ
뿿ϣɫġ
ħ˽绹һ¾Ϳʼս²ܷŵʮֿЦġЦǣĿǰŲܲӦ
ɾⲻʱģħȥ٣պҪһһȫ³
޵ɾķŭϴ̤Ϲ޵ʱ׼
ħ嶼ûһʤİգäĿȥֻˣʱսȷʵõİ취
±˵ķŭж
һգ׹ǰޣͣʵǱѺΪʡ
ˣɣӺΪ磬ħ˶ݵĺƽƽ֮ǰӿ
ħƽļά˶̶һ¡һ﷢˺ܶ¡һĵӵٱ֡
ƺԴǰãֻû뵽˾ʮӲ֮Աˡ
๬ڣ۾ĵĵһɢޣ
ǣΪɢޣΪߡƺ˵һֱڰɳȥĵϸ淢ֲˡ
˵ŽһݵУзֵģеĽ߷ŵӡ
뷭дĶ򵥷˽ǷݸһԵıɾ
ЩҲСɾ½Ϊ˽⣬Ҵҷ˼ҳü
ǿϧˡ
ƺһЩ˱鲼ɣɳȥ̽׼ħ嶯ֵʱħȺӦϣɱǴֲ
˲͵ǡ⻰ŭĻȭŭħȺôĳ
ɾӹݹĲ裬˵ͷ簢˵ǻ˷ʤ
⻹һ¡ƺ˵
Ŷ˵ʲôӣȻôϢ
ֻǡý˵ˡɾƺڰ֣㶼˵ôˣһϢ˵ɡ
ƺͷȲ裬治ˡ
ɾ˵ĵ۾ԭȲһֱɻڤʲôȥ׼ȷϢһǰڤˣԭڵС
ȷ˾У˷ЦĿͶԶҲܿ̽ƯɣӺϵĺڶ
һˣħĴҲü˰ɡ
ɾ۵˵⣬ô۾þս׼𣿡
ҹɣӺϲ졣
һħ彫ħϡѪħʳ㹻ԮɵʱħħӦϣǱʮʤ㡣
ڲԼ嵶ϲȺħ彫ǰ㼤ֻһ
Ⱥħһʱò׼ʲôһ̧ͷʵͨǺˣ
ͨ˵ȻѪħӿħµͨ
ħػͨĪº
ǻ֪ͨᰣȥš
⡭Щħ󾪣׷Ȱħǳħˣħײ֮սթ۳ͽܣµͨΪҪɲܳһķա
ĴˣҵķԸȥǡ֪Щʲôϸֳһ˵⡣
Щħٲ˵ʲôҴ뿪ˡ
᰽ӵʱЩ죬ȻӦãȥ
ǰħ彫סᰣϴЦĳᰵļ磬ᰶ㿪ˡ
һĨõɫֻǺܿ챻ιȥˣħ䲻ħҲΪ㡣ú£һսôٲġȻ㻳жģħɲ㡭
Ƴһۣû˵ʲôת뿪ˡ
ޣקʲôѽħڳֵħɡ磬Ҳˡ


142 
һµ̽۲, ɾѰصڶİ취
ֻ籩УɾҹɫӳһǱɣӺһƣ֮еɾһɢ˿ȥ
Կ, ɾͷںϵĺڶ, һϮɾתͷ, ǡöϳ˫ӡ
ɾһ, û뵽ڴ˴ᰣ۵׾һĨܵɫ´Ц, ұɾʦ𿴿, Щкγ
*
, ػڡսŶ, ˽ĵȴš
֪˶, ڼһɹٴҴҸ˽
ɾͬΣ
ɹٺŴ, ϸֳһĨõЦݣˣ۾λɾɾɹ, ͨرˣ
ػһƬ̫, Ҿ֪ϴһ
, ҵҪĻʲôֶΡ
ڶرһź, ͬʱŵͬԼõһ, ӿɣӺħҲӦսɣӺһš
޵ɾҲסˣ׷սڴʱȹɫҴ˽
һһ¡
ɫţЦ˺£ɫѿ
۾Ҹոչʱ򣬿Ĵ˹ˡ
˵꣬һ˵ð׼ȥأԼˡ
ȡҵĽǴɡ
Ҳ²üͨѱرգħûԮôóȻ᲻к֣
˰ο룬ŵצȫץˣҲʶһ㣬ǽˡ
ǣ
ߣҳȥնҪ޻ء
ϵʱ򣬹ͼĴһȺħڴɱ䡣
ĵһʱתͷĿ׼ȷ䵽ϣ̴ѪձҲһЩ׶࣬ɱ
ĴߴЦЦȴ䣬Ϊ۾ȴȻΥԼҲ˳Ц
촽һģôõĶ֣Ա˴˶ʮ˽⣬ںαԼѹң֪˺ǳ¡
ЦȥֻֻҺǣ׿ɻУͲİΣ
Ĳδش⣬һԶֵϣɽѪָ̧룬ɳǧδˣǽʹʹĴһ
ڵѪı䵶棬̴ٵЦһԭˣ֪ˣɵҪˡ
˵ֻһһ˲ǰսһ
촽۵׷ӿһĨ֮⣬δֶһ˹ǡңûʤ𣿡
Цһǧǰβʹӻ֮Ӵܣտûйꡣ
ɫȻһ³ºݺһС
֪ʱҲὣսɾȰȥ
һСҲǹ޵һӣϴԡѪսȴں󷽣һһҪǲս
˵ķɨһۣе۾ڣӮµġ
˵䣬ͼ˻Ķһƻġη˻תҪˡ
ȴܵĻᣬ˻͵شܳסĵ·
һѹڵϣǷ񵶷ĵľֻҪǰ֣ĵͷˡ
޵ɾǼˣʱס˺ȴڴʱˡ
ֻƺӰȻ֣гֱ롣
һʱ·ֹˣ˶ɴ۾Ҳˣеɾ۾Сģ
ϣֻģһƽƺĹ
ֱƺ۵ף׺Цǻˣ̲סˡơħ
ƺʶƿĿ⣬ˡ
۾˵ʲô۵һĨңǰһħʲô˼
̾˿ɵѾͷǸ˼
촽ܡҫɾ˵ѽߵ۾ⲻġ۵׺ῴƺƺȴ
ɾѴлعָƺı㣬Ȼƭôá
ƺֻİǣǵȫȫ㣬㾹Ȼ

Щƺδϣ䵭λͲͬӽǣǻĿĵġ
Ǻǣһͬѵ˵ǧദȫ⣿һƬι˹
ɾзŭѣнţЩƺ˵޹ʹ˽ǰ׷Ҫúýѵ
ڴʱ˺Ȼô£
ǿ쿴һָ·Ǻڶֳˡ
ԹɾǵʵҲܹǺڶĴڡԷ׷׿ȥɫɴ䣬ô£
ѾΪλˣ
Ц˿ˡ
ϲ޻֮⣬Цһ£ŶˣҲûȥꡣ
ĺߵҲֻܳѳϵˡ
ƺǰһﲻź۾ˡ
üͷ΢΢һƺŶ۾֮ǰͻ˰ɣ֮󡣡
벻ÿɷƺҲΪıõһʵ̫˳ˣ¶˳ҵԸֱҲŲ
˵һ£ҡͷҲҲ
ЦŶ
ϴԣֱ֪ӸҵݣȻ̲סҶƴĻͻỵļƻǰⱻ˵ٴ֮ǰѾϴ˰ɡϴԼµʱԣϴһˣֲ֪˭Σֻء
ͬʱҲ֪ϴܲ£ȴٻ¶ϴµݵ¡͸¶ңӦԵ׼һұԥĴµħͨ
뽫ʱɽŷչһ򾡣Ծ󻼡ƻΪҪһʵǺڶ֪һΪƭ㣬⽫ͨرգȻٴοʱ㽫ٴηתħԮ޷ϵ˴Ӯˡ
ǵ۾Ҷʵ̫˽ˣǧ㣬ȴûֽͨţֻܹرһΣܹرյڶΡϴɣҪ֣ᱻںڶϵķȥʱֱײħϴɡӮˣǡ
ɾ⻰ɫԱ䣬Ƿ׷ŭƺ㡭ôĳ
ϴƽʱ㲻㾹˺ġ
ֱʱϵɫû̫ı仯Ц˵ˣƺ֪ûкУ
Уָ𣿡ƺĻԼûش⣬ǳᰲǸδɵëͷСӣܸıʲôʲô۾֪Щҩûȣһ˹ǸᰣһսڣΪ˶ڣҪɱҲǲܡ
ƺѪĻڲƭԼҧ촽ŭɱƺ쵰
⻰ȴδŭЦᰶʲôĿ̫ˡ˵Цеسƺ֣ᰶ
ƺȻתͷͼᰣɾ֪ʱ˹ޡ
һƺ۵Ǵ㵣ǲɣӺ𣿺ڶδرգ
ɾ࣬ɾڲαװƺ𴽽ǣɾûںڶħʧˡ
ʦ𡣡
̧֣ʮȻһ´ڶǰķ˿ˡ
ɾƺĻպţһϸشᰣɴȥɾ࣬۾ô佱佱ң
뽫һԣȥ
ɾ
ǰһƺĿ⣬˵Ĳȷʵ˽⣬ûҲͬ˽㣿ҡ
һתЦ˵ǼƻȻǿԵƵѽŴûʲô˼Ȼʱ⣬ֱӽȫ˲ˬ졣
⻰ƺĵ۵ͬʱֳصɫ⻰ʲô˼
ƺȻƺ֣ڹ޴ǧ꣬ӦԨɡ
ϺЦһԨԻԨԨ겻Ϩ׻ǱҲûаٷ֮İա
ƺʶʲôͫȻһ
Ц˵⻹ᰶǺʽ治˵
ճһ죬ɲֻΪҺ˱ĿǸ
ʱ᰽ʱ⻹һ㷨¥ѱֽš
žŷӿɣӺƬɣӺγһ޴ĴǴںף߶ᱻ֡
Ǵյ㣬ǼԨ
ƺɫһƬ԰ף˵ⲻܣʹɣӺǿֽţôԨأ
Ԩ֮º겻Ϩ׻𣬾ܻųҲ򲻿ﲼ·
Ϊβܡ𻰵һЦȥͼһҡȵĽӻ˹
ƺ˾塣
üΪ˾ϸܵһİϢϢʮǿ̲סĵ׷
ԭˡĺȻ˵벻֮оѪΪˡ

ƺɾҲˡ
һɾҼǵúܾǰ۾񵽹һֻСֻǺδϢһΪѾء
ޣô
ΧС۵˾Цһ£Զ۾Ϊ˲ɲ㱻Ԩ׻𿾽ˣƬһЩ㷽ôֻᰣȴң
ۼףȻܹԨ׻
˾ƺֶֻһ£ȶشתƺģҽһ£ѪҲ¥ˣұ£ɡҵļңǻҼ԰ܷŹǡ
ᰣ˾Ȼһ·
˾廰£ԨͳڳУ׹Уĺȵס
ƺӦһǣǰȴɾסȥ·˾塣
ֳּԨ˻Χڳһ£Ȼֱ׹죬ɣӺ졣
ͬʱʣ纣˵Ĵ¾ɣӺЩħãȻĿһٻعʱͱǧ׻Ļɢ
˲Ϣͷ˾ת䡣
ûЦ⣬ֱһӣԼࣺɱ
޵ɾǵһӵϡ
ⳡɱ·ûоͷͣ˵£ȥѪȾ˹޵ףѶ¡
ģƺǽУȾѪԭͷҲˣǱ
ĺŴ۾졣
һħħħڴ˴±һԻ뿪˴
˵ףƺЦϧѽħ·ˣôܲǡ
ܣħеħᶪħ𲻹ܡ
̵˵ĶԣĵһøסøΪ˵õɡ磬ϧԼѪӪø׸֪Լε£Ϊܹȡʤ֣ǿѹȥ
ƺڤɱġ
ȷʵɱġ΢Цֻǽˣ׼ɱֵʱܵˡᰶ㲹һ
ƺɫһƬʶġȴʲôû˵䣬𲻿κˣȻܴӴ˵ɱһѪ·
ս𣬱ɾȻһСᰶأôһת˾Ͳˡ
ϻСҲȥ
ɾգգۣˡ
*
ڹĿһУ֪ħƲأԳûעŸȥӦˡ
Ѱطȶһе;һϮܼʱֱ۾Ҫˡ
ˣҧᰡ
ռԨʵħ⼱ҴҵҪȥ˵ҪӦϣʦǳԲ˶ߣ
סڣһ˫ųᰣϢŵ˵˽թգԭţտˡ
ᰵý³ֻ̫Ը̫ԸΪȫƳᰣΪƿһС
׼ЦһԸұͻ㡣
ϵЦݣš޳ü
ЦųᰣܵγѪ㵱ΪҺޱ㣿㵱ΪǸħֻ.ʹ֣㵱ΪҴ˷Ϊܣ̫ˡҸǸħϣɻſ֮Ϊҿķһŵõ
ɫ䣬ֿ죬¶һĨѪЦݣɱ˳ȺףضһţƺѪսҲǿ֮ĩɡ绹ҵ֮
˵ű㿪ʼ߶˫ԽԽ죬ὣ״ȥȴڽ⽫Ҫ׾ʱͣ
ԭȥԵЩִֽͣ
Ŵվǰĳᰣ۵ӿһĨ֮ɫЦȥ׼ȡҡ
˵䣬ӰԾ֮ϼǰĺȻǱƺ
룬ɾһɾں档
áĥĥݣǿôΪյʤߵġ
ģƺҲףŲȻһͣҲͣ˴˶š
ţ˻⣬ķΧУ᰺Ȼˣתһһ롣
ûˮüᰶ㡭
׵۾һֱڳϣ㹻ˣ۵ԳһĨŤЦ⣺ɱᰣɱ
᰻̧֣ȴǷһףʱѪɽұͬײΣն㿪ˣôնµĽͷ
ײҽгĺ˼촽׵૵ΪʲôⲻܡôʧЧ
ᰵѻָĿס
׵ǰֹѪһѽߵ˳пٵĬʲô
ţҪһΡ
ȻĬ촽ͣɴ۾ųᰣ·ڿһӡ
ֻ᰽Ԩֲ/ڵϣָ̧֣Ѫ⣬Ǹħ˺˳
Ѫ˺ѵŵҹУëȻ
ɫʱͰˣ̴ѪħǶڵϣһ飬ض׵Զܱ
ᶨһ統ǸССĺͯվڴϣᶨ˵ȫõʦ
ȫõʦ
Զᱳ
ĵ״֪ʲôǰٸֹѪ̲סᰶ㷢ʲô衣ֱҪˡ
ɫ԰ף촽ҲûѪɫվһ㣬Ŀڶϡ
ڶ˵ʦƭҡ
ţ
ᰵɳƵ㲻˵ǲ۵𣿡
ڰĲǶĹͷȴǻԼĹͷǸж۰
㡭һʱ֪˵Щʲôᰵͷȥˡ


143 
ĳ˶᰺Ͷȥעʱ, ƺ˵ȥɣӺ
ƺЩɣǼԨ
д㡣Գһɾ֮ɫݵҧҧͺȵ, Ӵϡ
׺񿴹ʱ, ǲʲô, ׵ԳһĨֻ, شܴ롣
һץסףɣӺ˹ȥƺ
״Щ²֪ԸӼѳ׾, û˿ԥĸȥ, һֵŵˡ
ˡɫ, ׷
Ю׺ܿɣӺԵϿͣ, ͷ, ͼƬɣӺĵĹ
ƺﶼ, ֻҪɣӺϿգǴͻᱻ
ƺĽһۣϹ޵ħȫսˣֻʣ˳, ״ŵЩʣһߡ
پƺһ뵽ڹʱ, Ϊ׺ģ, ĵѵõƽ
ǧ顣
ۿŶ׷˹ƺħĵ, , סǡ
ĵ綼ǵƿ֮У߶Ϊ֮ƾԽɣӺ˳ͨصħȥ
ƺǹȥ
ĺȻЦˣǹȥ
ƺ¶ɫ̧֣Ե̴ӶɣӺ˾ĲҽУ촽һ
Ķƺ㿴˰ɣʼ͵һ̻һ˲ĳͣ͵ΪԽǿʱԽǵĻᡣ
תͷһ󣬡ʱץסʱԽɣӺڶסǡ
ƺ˵ѾûˣȻע⵽²ֹף͵һ
ģܡ
ȴƺ˽Լĸףĺһ
֪㸸ˣӣΪǱ֪ڳ
ķŭĴŴϸĻͻᷢϵļбˣѪͣ
Ĳ׵ĲҽУƸƺȥ
׵ĵĶӣ̬˱ƺĵײӿһɹͷ뷨ͷ䣬ݺܿ챻ǿѹȥ
ѿ쵽ǰĺȵˣ춯֡
ƺһҧץס׵½
ʲôɾǰֹסˡ
۾
ĿĿƺģȲҪȥ
ʶԨģʱɫȫˣ۵׳žʼĿƺġ
ƺΪ׵죬Ҫֵļơ
ǰײܲ˻ƺ㵱Ϊĸǲ𣿡
仰ƺͣ˶ɫ䣬⻰ʲô˼
ƺĸײܳ裬ĸӶ˴ƾɵȣܱ۸
ƺĸ׺˲ƺȿθܹһˣΪκĸ׵ĲҲΪԼȿεõ顣
ħûǧǽ˵ģƺڲıЩɣͬˡ
ͬƺĸˣƺǣңͬʱԽõĵͬ
Ͻսû뵽ǰ˳Դ˹ޡ
ƺ׵ɫ׹ЦȻôˣƺ۵㲻ǵĺøףࡣ
ƺ촽ſģȴĳһﲻ
۾ļ۵״Ŷ񶾵Ŀ⣬ƺΪΪλõͼĺӣΪԼ⣿һжƺõģһһ߽ƺõȦС֪ΪʲôŶȻ֪㣬ϻѪټħطǳҲѲʵݡ
ÿ˵һ֣ƺɫͰһ֡
ƺһʼ㲻ΪһöӳġǧǰûжɱǣɱΪ/֣Ĩɱ
סڣ
죡
ƺͬʱڡ
ƺ괭Ŵų۾ģ˵ǲģ
Ĳͷšü˵Щк壿춯֣ٳǾ߲
ƺŭ𣺡ң˵ǲģƺǵһ˵ǰһֱǹġ
ΣĲͷǶǹȥˣֻҪȥպħλñġ
ȥ£ƺļţȻЦȥˣȥ¡˳ƺ۵׹ˮ䣬͸衣
ǿ֮ĩʱȫƾһţƺ֣պúӣٽȥǡ
áƺ촽һĨЦɿֱ֣׹ɣӺ
۾Ϊĺúӡǰרĵʱ٣͵شһסļ͵ѹ
Ȼͷŭ㡢ʲô
ҺȻһ¡ƺֱĵ˫ۣƴӹ޴ҳǲΪ˽Ҷȥ·
ƺʱģ۵һĨţ죬ȴƺһͷԭˣˡ
ƺݺһѹһħľ׹ɣӺ뼫Ԩɢ
ĵӰ貹Уƺ͵ЦֻЦ̾ƣ󲻹˰ȴ뵽ͷһжֻЦ
ƺЦ̤̾͵·еĺڶȥˡ
ãҪܣһɾŭߣ
̧˵ĽŲƺлعͷͼڵĹ޵ȺɾԶԶĿ
Щ˵ƺʮϤ
һĻĻǰ֣ƺյ޵ʱЩɾΪ˺ģѰ˺ܶĶмɾΪһƻɶָѡЬӡ
ƺ̼ǵµʱŴħ壬ػһ칦硣
ȺɾǺ޹ؿԡ
ħ򣬹ɭϣƺȥֹǣסˡһöɹ۵Ц⣬һ뽲ôࡣ
һˡ
һˡƺĬ֣ϵɫˣԭεЩõ ֻǱֶˡ
ƺںڶǰЦ·ǰƺȴûж˶һ̧ۣе޶
**
ħˣħ߲ȫ⣬ʰЩ©֮㡣
ԸЩˣҲ޵˳֣ԷɾˡǰðգдɣӺϿյĺڶ硣
ܺʰŵĵӺ˾󣬽һ졣ưܵһٴλش
ֻǸڶЩ֣ҲǺް취ˣѰƽ֮
ȳ׽Щºˡ
죬ɾȥҶ㱨½£׼뿪ʱ򣬺ˣмҪȥ졣
ħ壬ɾãкҪδͼһ
ɾӹȥŸȶҪ䲼
˸ǣøᰶе㷦ˣȥ˯һ
ᰵģ
ɾվԭزʮǷһ뵽Ҫʲôһ˰ɡ
ᰵ
ɾĴ򿪾ᣬݵʱɫ˲ס
Ǿҧгݵۡ㡢áҡ˵塢
һߣ½׼ȥѰ룬ͼɶ˹ɾɾˣɾ۾ˣȥɡ 
ϴʱദģʽˣᰵ죬ֻЦΪʲô
۾Ҫɾͼ˵ɾ͸۾ˡ
⼸֣ᰵһҿ
㽫Ķ˹ȥ
᰽ӹȥݵʱһЦ
ųɫĴչȥŵɴ۾۾Ҫɻ!죬ۺǡǳᰣ
ԭ벹͸ᰵһֽ顣


144 һ
๬
ɶ͹ϲ, ʵΣ
ͦõģÿֲʧɾ˵͵طӦӣ, ҲͬŻ£
뽫ϲ, üЧ, ֲס
ɾüͷͻͻֱ, ģ̾ϴʲô飿ᰶ, ֲǿӲֶǿȢ, ι
ɾҲ֪ӡ
벻֪뵽ʲô, һĨ, ͷ
ɾҲû, Ȱᰲ, ͽܣΪ۾Լͽܳף𣿡
ﲻ񻰣
˽ӳɻ˵
תת, ɾ֮ǰҲûС
Ǻ İ壺ڹˡȥһϡ
µʱ, Ѿ߳, ʱЦеصǣ۾, ȥ
ɾץֱߵĲ豭һȸˡԼٲˮ, Ҫðˡ
֪ôʱ˾˽ɾ̵ãȰȰ
˾ĿڶǰϲϣЦһ֣ϲ۾
Цףел
ɾֱҪˣͷ۵ǡ
ڵĲˣɫϴҹ֮˴ӲСڣڹˣôˣ
޵ɾɶҪᰳɻϢ˵ĲУû˽ǲӣҲû˽ʦͽ
ɾ۾һ⣬һҪشҡ
˵
ǲ˷ǳֶαȳ׵ģ
û뵽ɾʳĻһʱԭءⷴӦڱɾһ˼ˡ
Ȼˣɾˣĵžž죬Ϳˣܾ֮ǰͶСᰶű˼ǰ¥˵Ҫĵۺ󣡡
ɾŭɶ۾ཻô꣬ҿˣ㡭
ǣϴȵȡֱζ벻ôһæ˵
ɾᰵɹ˶ɾĶԻ
һˣҲˣһЩͰ͵ģᰶã죬Ϊʦϴˢһԩ
ɾᰶ£ʲôί˵յҪ˭ұס˼ȥǾóǰɶ£ôǰ㲻ףϲԼʦ
ΨһĽͱǶͻȻ費ˣǰôܾܾԼʦأ
ɾԽԽеųᰵԽõĺӰ
ЦЦ˵ɾ֪ǹңʦĲҡ£۵Цأҡںܾ֮ǰĽʦˣһֱŲҸɾ˵ʵڱǸ
ɾգգۣŶԭð
˳˲Ӳˣһü˰ɣûƭ 
ɾһһ
ɾ˾һͬ뿪ˣ߳һξ룬ɾ̲סתͷȥͼѵ˶ǰʱһͷһͷϵЦݶ紺ġ
ɾתҲ˵ǻЩСɶ˵ģͦ䡣
ᰵĻ£ַԵǱɾĵҲɾæµָ˲û᳡ϯȫһְˣηʮġ
żתһȦɾյĺܣǵøŹ񫣬滹ǰ˼ˡ
ɾ̾Ϊѣʮĺø
˵У۾ɻˡ
죬죬أνʮϲ֡ǰɾɶҲǴŲõЦݡ
ɾߴٵ۾أʱϾҪˣ׼ȥˡ
Ѿȥˡ
˵䣬һϵ޺ɾǡ

ǿ쿴
ɾ˵߿ȥͼһֻݵڲԶһϲĳ᰾ֻıϡ
ɾᰣôǰˣ㶼䣬ųߵǰŷ¥ŵҲڲࡣ
ɾʣô£
ЦҵȲҪʦǰˡ
˾ҲЦɲǣߵļǲû׷ϡ
ᰲŮӣɾҲӭ֮ϡؿ˾壬˾ôˣǰҴԼݣվ˴ҡڵĳˣ
õӣ˾ҲãЦҲ¥ˣ¥ɲΪӡ
ĸԸΪӹ治С
˾ֵǸ۸ᰣ¥ɲӦ
޵ôãò˵ۺԷ׷ҡͷôء
ܲܡ
֪ʱжͷۣи˷ɢע޵ɾǿǺ޲ðѳ᰹
һûһţ˷Ӧ۾أôû
˵ţһȥͼһֻʵķչ˫᰷ֱȥ˻عԭϵĳѾˡ
ųԶȥķˣ˺þáһ˵ɾ⡭
ɾĥ˵ǺģϲҲûʧȻֱ˾ܣ
̿ǾĹˡ
ɾһҧ׷ź׷ȥ
һ·ųᰵػڰоͻָų˵ǰ
ƽҲź£ȴⲻͬ·£ͼһ֪ϲ
һ뵽ϲǶΪϵģû
ǿѹͷ궯Ťͷſһ˵ĴʦôͻȻô
ձɾһҪǳҲû뵽ٶشʱɾɫȻܾʰɡ
ǰǵһͷ˵̫̫ôԱʵڲ㣬Ϊʦ˵˵
⻰ᰵɫˡ
˺һ˲ŴҴҸϵǰıɾֵ˶һ£׺ݡ
Цϴ
ɾЦûƢˣڰ֣Ͷһ˵ٺڣ
ˡ
˸λֻٵ쳹ޡ
һߵס
ߵס
ߵס
ɣ
˵ףУ룬תͷЦű˴ˣᣬʮָۡ
Ӵˣǧ꣬ٲ롣


145 
֪, ɻһˡ
죬᰽ͼɶ̨Ϸܱʼдʲô
ǰͿһ
дͶ, ûע˽ӽ, էһ˳һ, ̧ͷǳ, ˡ
ۺˣ͵վϥϵ͵˵ϡ
㻽־ͺá˵ĿƳֽϵ, ָ΢΢һ١
ֻдյ۾֪ʲôطŪһ̵, ͻζ۾Ǳҳ, ò׳, Ҫж, ۺô, ûû˰ϱ۾۸Ǻÿ
µּϤ᰽, ۷棬ͼдǡ޵Щ¶֮
ᰣ
ԡ޵Щ¶ʵǳɶ֣֮˼ͨС
᰽黹, Ͽ쳣, ֪ʦȥ𣿡
Ŷ۾ӹ鱾, ֱɫ˿, ȥ¥ˡ
ԭ¥ٵʣ˾廨һʱؽ¥ֻǳ¥ֻͨ
˾ʮں˸Ͷǧʯ¥ǰһ㡰
Ĳƴ֡
Ӧһ֪ˣͻ޵Ǳ޵Щ¶óǰš
ܿͷ뿴ģֻд۾ƺһЩպģҪȥߣĸȥ͵͵½˺Ķ۾۾ϲҲ˵Ҫȥˣڷˡ
ҷҷֵ̫ˣ۾Ȼ͵͵½ˣأʲô˵ҫɾ֪ˣһɱҡ
۾ԭ֪ɺʱԽԽ̣ԲˡÿҫɾʱҶĵ벻Ҿһ᲻ҫɾ

һţͼ᰿ǰʲôϴЦջͦ硣
ļա
ħ֮󣬳᰾ͽݽ̹ˣǶʾ½⡣
ݺ˵֪ˣ϶ܿĵġ
ջ˼˶ֻ꣬еĻǰʹ顣
߹һµľзŵϣᰵǣ
Ѻǰƣ򿪿֪ˡ
뵽˲²⣬ʳУǾµʳзżġ
ϸ˿Щûжྫ£Ҳû˵ĺܲĵز
ߴ١
һҧһڣζ̫ãҲûн
٣֪Գˡ
ӦǸİ汾
һģ۵óԡ
ˣᰵ˱ˮʣոڿʲôЦôģ
ᰱ㽫ġ޵Щ¶ø
۵¶ȻɫȻЦ˵ܴħ壬кܴĹͣνС
ЦĹֻһ𣿡ոտһҳʦɻǵýء
һ룬ǡ
ʱδڵ۹ֱҪƻˣƺֶýΪ½Ѱ˺Ķ
뱻סˣ½Խ棬ͳע˳ȥ
ıŵϳƺУĺܲʹ죬ֱһҹں衣
ʱˣֻһڣ۹Ϊһ۾Ϳ벢Ǳ塣
Ƿ壬ΪߣĻǿʵ廯֪µ˲࣬û뵽һ˾ܿ¡
֪Լˣչͽܡʱŷ֣軳лһСֻСѾȥˡ
ʾֻҪչͽܣʲôӦ
㶼֪˭ŵͲǻˣ
Ц£԰׵¶һĨǳЦڹϸоɷԻ֣ܵ˲ת𣿡Ѱãѻ֣Ͼ̫Σˡ
չҵͽܣˣҾͰѡҵ㡣
Ĭ֪ǰʦͽʲô˼อȻҲȲˡ
뿴˿軤ڻеĺӣãɽ
˿࡭л
**
£ֱȻһ£ʱֻôߣ뾡취ӿ
뵽ʱ£ҲסЦסյ֣ڴһ¡
ᰶˡᰵᰶԺһֱʦߣĶҲȥ


146 
ʱ, ת۶һǧˡ
һǧ꣬ͱʾľɼҪˡ
ǰ붷Ƕ£ҩѳ, Ȼ䵽˳ϡ
Գҩһʮų, ܶͶ, Ͼ, ֱӾҲˡ
תô죿۾ȥˣ½ɾˡ˽ôҪѰһ򵥵ġ
ᰵǲһǧˣôһϰߡ˯ʱϲ
᰿һɫ, û, æȥɡᰶô˵, Ŷһ뿪ˡȻֱ, Ҳû֡
᰷Ϊϰ, ˯ˡ
۾, ߲ûжӰ̲סü̧̫Ѩ.ǰĸо, ־ǺܾòС
С۾˯㡣СؽƵԱߵͷ, Щ, ȷʵûжĺۼ
֣˵ȥˣ
, ȶתͷһ, С䵽ļϣСԴǵĲ°͡
ЦˣСͷǺþòˣЩ껹𣿡
С౽һڻش
¥飬᰿Խˣߣ˱ˮСҲֱӷɵϺ
˳ŴȥѰ˼Ŷںδ
ֱҹų޵Сᰶҩͽ̫ۣҴϴ˯ˡ
һ죬ˣͼˣɫ˲ŻǺɫˡ
죬˯ǡ˽лһˮᰣ԰½ɹִ𣬿ɺóˡ
ᰵ˱ˮˣЦŵͷл
׼뿪ȻƳϵһĨ죬գգۣʲôʱ۾һˣᰣֻģÿɰ
᰿һ۴̣˯죬ǱɾġȻšüû
ɾģЩãȻɾӲ谡
⻰Ų豭һ١
ᰲ˵ɵᰣôˣ
ûʲôЦЦлл͵ˮ
뿪󣬳ǰ˯ã֪뵽ʲô촽΢΢һ¡
ʱ򣬼վڴǰɵ᰼ϣǵĲ
һ˱ˮŵǸ⼸ֻûʱˡ
գգۣ˹ȥָĨȥϵˮ飬ʦ½ȥҪ뿪졭
۾һ뿪죬˵ˣûгᰶţ˭ܼҩ
أԻϲţȫûע⵽ᰴһĨ޵Ц⡣
ʮֳ᰹Ȼ뿪˹ޡȷߺ󣬶Լ壬ھɼǻתƣȷʵ̫
ع鱾壬̤ɵĲȥˣûע⵽ߺһɫӰŲĵط
ɫӰǱˣǳᰡ
СǶ󣬳ûеһʱ׷ȥվԭأ̧ͷŶԼ
˹޶У֦ҶïҶǳɫģһµĶ˴ᱻ˷֡
ǰ̲סЦ
ǱôڲŲ͸÷˰
ᰲ뵽뱻¥Σܹƭ룬˾ڣ׽ķӡ
˵˹ǣΪǿѺʵĹǾͿΪʵ壬Ѱ˸ֲˡ
뻯ΪȻҲַɡ
Ƕ¥ӣʱصʱɣȻðŷЩЩۣĵײԽ
ᰵһ죬ڶŻһֿʼʼʩˡ
󣬱ΪĶҲǡˡ
᰽ͷЦ˵£Ҵȥط
ƫͷּһɸˡ
ڳ᰼ϣԽԽƫƧ֡
ֱɿ˳һۣʲôҲﰲοԼֻɺϣٿɡ
ȵءǿͣµʱ򣬶ҲƭԼˡ
ȶҪ뿪һ̾ͱץסˡҲ֪ôģֻһعʱ򣬻Ѿλˡ
ûץһӵñ᰽Ӹ
Цʦᰶÿࡣ
ƿߣµ׼뿪һֱץסˡתͷͼᰴӴĺ˳һҩ
ڶעºһڿɬҩ֭Ȼչס
һҩιȥӸǣԽԽϲ̲סȥһ£ʦǻȥɡ
Ĭһһ
ֵ۾ҩʮʹ죬ҩͽ䣬һٽȥҩѾˡֻǲ֪ǲĴܾĺҩĵ۾촽ú찡

صС˵www.27txt.com ȥС˵
½Դ磬ȨԭУԤ