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ĻŮĴ
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  1  

جˡ
ξˣһֻλꡣƮƮĿεţͣһҽԺ
ǳ¾ɵˮζһظ
Ⱦͷһķ䡣
ſվˡһ޵Ůˣһ¶֪Сӡ
֪ԼξУ·Ʈڿи·硣СԴлǱˡĸŮ˱ʹĿԼҪըˡ
еҪ뿪طȴϱסá
ƴȡ

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㻹ðɣСڣһݾ˵λӻһӦجΣԾͰˡ
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ˣҡҡԴ԰ɡ˵ŷӦǸճϷ𣿡
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ɲѧĩͶ࣬ŻͻȻǸһʵ飬æ˳ԣ
ͷһס꣬ΪѧǶƣѧƹ̣˵Ŀγûκνƽʱֻʱһ棬ôʱҲǵͷ֮
²ۣҲ֪ôӻ
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һȻ´ȥ䡣
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ˡ
극˯Ϊ׼ֻû뵽ǸجΣԴԺš
ǽϵıһۣࡣһԤƵĳˡ
绰ԶļٵѯҪϽȥױȡʱšԶ˵Ͼ͵Ȼ˵绰
˳ͨ棬ͻȻ΢ǡ
㿪һƬƬһһŮ/¶ܡ
һǾһе¡
ϧǣƬϵƫֺա
㿪ͼָĽƬֻ˳棬û뵽ֽһϢ
ֺǲǸ˵Ҫؼ㸸ĸϿһֱҡ
Ĵָͣ˳ϷĿнϢͷβ飬ֺҪؼҲʱ龰
Σֻ

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ų́ҺһƬ赸ڸϰݳڿɤĵطͷܶЪżĴߴ١
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ںһ䣬ϸɾҪ찡ٵˣϾȻһ㶫ûУ
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Χ۵ĬĬɢ
УǶӵĶӳڣҾԽΪ˺ƣǿеʦദǢ
ͺֽȻͬŮƽʱûʲôΪһտѧʱ׷ֺ޹ǡֺվܾûþͿʼҵ׷һΪԭų
ôˣ
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쿴ֺպͰ׻ۿˡ
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ԶϽ߹ĲˡУϿʼҡ
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ǧƪһɵķԣϣ˷罫װá
һ׼վĻﰵͱ̨ʡ
Եһֽһ̧ͷͦ˳ȥ

ıַǳʡ
ȻֻǼ򵥵ıĻ̫ͻ
һ򵥵Ĵɫϥɴȹµ֡˳ƮݵĳȻ£ðһ
һֱ̨˵ע⡣
ܵµĽ˷עĿǰǰֻأĿ
ֱĻȴĿļ϶ԶҴҵܹ
̨˸ҪݽʣµĽĿ˳ӺȻȥݽԶϸ
һ㶣ʶʵʲôˣʲôݽ
Ǽݽ⣬̾һ˭֪㿴űɡ
лҪ˵һԤաҪ㰮[Ȧ]
׷޻᳡/˴ռ/൳롿
Ƕ˵ÿһɹ˱󣬶һĬĬŮˡ
ǻһӣõķͶ¹ĺһꡣ
ļ˸ٰۣÿҪĻš
춼Ϊĺڲͬġ
ϧʵǲ⣬ĺϺͱŮһԵĽָʱǿǰ
ĺ᣺ҺͱӰҵĹϵ죬ֻҪԸ⣬ǻԺʹǰһ
ô˵ôĵĻ
Цҵ
ĺ
뿪ĺ緢չҵ
ǰΪƵľ籾ԽˣտˣܵϷû˹˼ճС浽
գ
ĺڱˢ΢ҧűɫҰס
ˣ׷ˡ

 2 

ѧרҵǶơ˼ְʣµʱҪôרҵʦŲɷ磬Ҫôڵǰѧ
ٹערҵɵҵš֣ûжӦΪͻȻЩʶӹţףߡ
˿ûô
Ƚг赸ӵһСϯ˵˭ˣ
ļٵģǼ
찡ϱʲô֣Ȼô
ҪݽǲҪ̨
ҿԹҪǩ𣿣
Ůһ̨Ϸۺ̨ʱվһȺŮˡ
ȻĽţ˷ּ֪ʶǸĴ
룬ְתϢδȫƽԶʣأ
ϾҪ̨ݽʱӦѾ˺̨ŶԡԶûˡ
Զڰ֣ڴڳ£ֱӱĻУ׷ӰƻֱӴϡ
ΧŮһƬϧЩϧ̨ϵ赸ݵ׶Σ
˸ȹڣĻ󡣵һ£̧ţŵĲӣƿĻ˳ȥ
𾴵쵼װͬѧǡһ˵ţһ߻ӳ¡ΪǴݽ
䣬ѧͺ̨ŮһķӦ
˲£һȿֺ˳
ԲۣǼ
һ룬һƹȻȫתĄ̇ͣµһ߽λá
һ̻ɫװӰԾҵҰ
ĻϢ˻غ̨Ļһ̣վ̲ס棬׷Ӱյĵط˹ȥ
뺫ЩԶټϺЩ΢ӣԿĲǺֻԼнӹͲһ·ȻѹʾҰ
̻ɫӰʼձ̨ϯ̨¹ڵķӦӦóò
ţ˵Ļ档ӹԶˮšһڡˮδ£㴫ݽ
ҺãǼ
ġ

ҵԲԶá뼸ҪԱԷף
Ҳ֮Уϲμ־۲ͣΪ˶ϤǾܾԶһ˻ᡣ
ǲڣԼϴһƻһ߿һ߷ֻ
ʮŵƬʱ˳ڷŵľȻһŵ㿪Ŵһ͡
㱼̾˿룬Ҫץʱֺշˡ
뵽ֻͻȻˡ
ֺյĵ绰

ķɫСɫΪһ仰ȥɹá
ҶǸʱΪ׷һŮģΪˣҲûӦҪˡ
ʮ꣬ѧǽڡԭѧΪѡڹڡ
ڸʻλϣͷרĿˡвԾ뵽Щ
ƯС׷߲ϡΪСʱĸ飬Ű顣˵翵ĶϲǮֿץġ
ֺյ׷ҪĲΪǸΪͬ׷бֺջҪǮġ
ҪΪһĸһϽ
ɽա
һʼֻ뵥ץסˣϵõһЩԴĸһЩ
û顣ϸ룬һʱ䣬ôһ鶼ûأ
Եһο׻۷Ƭʱĺѹ
ǰƣֺռͣ˿ƫͷԺЦҲ뿪һϣͿҿĿתˣ
ǣʾĻ죺ѾʮСʱûˡ
ҵĴҵĴǸֺԴϲĺ˶ġ
ʮǰֺոһ绰˵ҪȥμһᡣΪһֺԼĽȦӣһʱ;һΡԭΪҲ֮ǰЩһѡ
Щۣ˺þúֺշֵ¡ѲȥֺͻȻⳡڲͬΪĴҲڳ
ֺ֪и׸ּ꣬ҵĹ˾ϰࡣǰֺ˵Сʱĸæ⣬˲չÿ˱ķǸ硣˵Ǳġ
ȥصĴ硭ʲô˼
ҳǰ׻ʲô
벻ͨˣɻĿֺա
ֺǸϸĵˣƼı֪ûӦϲ̵Ŀڣô仡ôһ࣬͸ôȥҳ ҰһֱæҲûʱ䣬ԽȴȥҴ硣ֺһ߸ͣһЦúϲ£졣
еͻȻһ˵
ʵһϲֺհսֺ֪֡ķӦԾʣ㡭̫ˡ
粻ϲҡźŵƱ̣С˵
ģһҡôϲ㣬᲻ӵġ
š˳ͷ
õľƵĶٰ졣䶥һȾ޴촰͸촰ܿö˸ǡֵʱװ磬μĳҲʡ
֣Ǻⳡĵһӡ֮Ӱｻ೤ϷŸʽƷܹѵķͳһƷڳ߶
̶̼ӣͼ˺üžϵӵףʶⳡĺֺǰȥЩһ
ȫһΡ
Զһ˹ȥֺЩֺյĴ磬
ץֺյ֣˵Ҫֺ֪ܽšֺոоˣֱСο¡
źǰ˵磬ǡ
ֺյĻ˵һͱϡ
ȫûԼҵܵһضϵܵܵĻʣɵվŸ
ץֺյĸ첲ȡ
硪ֺüһϺļ򣬽Ȧڻſڣֱϡ
֪Ŀʲô𣿡ͷĽĿֺתƣ䵽ŵĺļϣȻ䵽ϡ
гӵĴ
ִ
ôŬԼ㣬Ϊ˲ٳܱĴ
һֱĺܳɹѧУ㻹˶м󲿷Ҳ˽°죬϶ѿ
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û뵽ѿֺصϡ
ҪѿķΧǸһ־ͱֺȥ
ӡ
״Цһϵ˶Ϊ˸ӷ磡ôʽĳϣȻҴһĵŮ˹ﵽװĶЩʲô

 3 

Ǽ
ʹһ˿⡣һú֣û뵽ᣬҪ
Ļ˺̨óֻһ֪֣֡ڴƴ뷨Զ֡
ֺ棬һĽܡ
Ǽϼŵٶҡ
ϼſزңǹڷزҵͷϴ¸ҵ漰ýװȵһϵУչͷǳ͡
ǼͼҶӣǰѧҵعӸнӹϼšˣʮҷʵʯ塣
˵һճǵˡѹֻѧУЩŮС
ϵƬǳ࣬ʱۻҡʵĳ಻ϲһࡪپ£üĿ续ɫ𪣬ᡣ
һۿȥǴ߳һӽ֮ˡ
ô룬׵ļɫ㶼֡
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ҵˣˣеԵ֣뵽ת˲֮ʹ뷨
Ǹǳ֪֮Ůˡ
ȻڷǳеҪӴһԶԶʤֺյˣⲢʧȥǵȥʸ
ֺղһֺռҾãҲ㹻㣬ܲסһѾ˾ԼĴ硣ܹԼҵֻһֱѹš
ʮ꣬ѾǼϼڵȨˡ
λƴȨ
ҫ۳ɫֺһú塣
Ԧˡ
֮Ҫֺס
ʹͷǾ仰˵ɪһ¡ȻһֺյǿĿ⣬󷽵˵ǽǵһμ棬һϣ̫
ûȥֺմʱʲô飬ԹԽ˵ϲңԼҲ֪Һֺ֮⡣ֺյ۾Цһ¡
һֱŬŬԼø㣬Լ
һһ䣬
ۿţ˵꣬Ϸⲻмľǲ⣬Ӧ뿪˫ֺһ޵۾ǱġΪϵĺܶ飬Ŭܳɹġ
һ
ֺգϹҡݺݵһ۵ܵܣת뿪
СҴǸ˵ȷʵʵǵ춹ģԺ˽ˣһǸһߣֺ͡ί
ûϵϾ硣Ҳǹ㡣
˽ˣֺ쵽ʳĳϵĶʮַḻкܶຫû㡣絽ֻһƻûöǿôʳ볢
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Ŀ뿪
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׻ẫΪֺյŮѣΪŮرα
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˰׻һۣ΢΢죺ܼ𣿡
ͲܵҺ¼ٷ
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ǰ׻أ
ʲôУȴ뾡취ҪõֺգϧԽ/աΪʲô

뵽ܣٿЦһ
׻ߺûӣо֡Ůǣֵ˳Բ̨ϣ˻ȡ
һվţòֶָۡм˹к衣
μӽˣλҪʶˡ
ʱǸֺһ϶ע⵽ڨ˵þֺǸȦģʶµˣҲҪʱס
װһɵ棬ЩĲʳ˼̻ӣòίľܾˡ
ֺպò׽Ǳߵ£Ҵ߸ϡѹյߣʣôҲȥ裿
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ȥ
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е赸ǴһʱһԺݣǸȺ裬һѡʮŮȡ
ôʱȥԺҺֺǸɫĽѧʦһһӵź
һʼЩӲϤ˺ˡŵ貽֣ȹŶһһٴ
Χ۵̨վһȦ
貽ƶ䣬Ⱥеİ׻ֱۡĶǣϱ鸴ӣ۾ˮ⡣
ջֺѯʵƫͷЦЦ͡
ֺҲû׷ʣ֡
һת̨ۣԾһתֺǣŵתһȦĿŶ̨һȦɨ
ʱ
һ٬Ŀ˺Ķ䡣
ʽĳϣȻһ㶼Υ͡
Ҳ֪ôˣֱľһ˹ȥ
漴һ
˻һʽһЩװƫƫһûϵ˫ڶЦЦ
Ǽ


 4 

ϼŵܲڱعҲһֱڱš
AΪһĿĿص㶨Aһ򣬵طĿǰAЩԶΧûʲôʩһƬϾɵľ
˾ڲĿʮֿãһʼбʱѪòײ˵ء
õ֮󣬼ڲµ
һΪؿһߵжȼһΪӦôһߵ
ȻȨֹؼĴĿϻԶԶʸ񣬲һ仰ܶµ׽ȼǽġĿֵͷۣɴڳʱԹ졣
֮ǰͺ½ӰЦ˵Aһ˾Ƕʮһ͵΢˽ãּѰðգ飬Ȼȥһ󻯵ľߣ츣¡
û뵽΢˽ñ࿪
ĸAУ˽ãʱ͸©ҪȥAпļƻУϲüң˵ԤݽڸĽ飬δӦ
ϼŵʵǹڹݽԶԶAеصһЩżϢ̶̼ͨСʱŪһᡣ
֣ԺҵչֲòȳԼһ˰СʱŽ
ʱڷ֣еĴƶˣֻ̨Ǳš˳Ȼйĵط˹ȥ
ⳡΪӷΪȴûмۼǳŻ谵ƹ߽ûϳһվ̨Χ̧ͷȥ̨ļˡ
һŮ
ģһһɫװˡڼĽǶȣ˳˧ʲףһĿŻﱳһϮɫȹŮ
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ټ϶һҸҪı飬ãŮÿ϶ˡ
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Aĳһüһ
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㲻ǲϲָߵ𣿡ֺע⵽һֱǰֵȺɻ󿪿ڡ
˸ոȷϵʱ򣬺̬Ⱥûȷ֮ǰһ䲻ȡΪעҲ׼һõʢ硣
˸ڰԼһҲǰ˳еĹԱúõװκãòͿʱһõ嵰⡣
֮۾֮Ǻõ塣
ʱϣºȴ̹׸˵ϲôߵϲ֮Ū˾֪
Ժδ¡
ƫͷֻͻȻ뵽Ǹһʱ򡣡
˵һõ壿ֺ̿ǹɵġ
ᣬڵֺգٸ˸Ҳ
¹ٲ£˱¹յķƽﵭĮ۾׺ӯӯɫֺջʧ
żȻ·ٳѵϱɹ˫΢΢ʱ֪Ůϡ
鲻Խǰֺյͷȥ
ûжɵֺյĶԾ￿ȥ˫Ĳӣ΢΢٣Ħʪ⡣
˰죬ֺղŲɿ
ͦˣϽȥɡ˵ĵȹ㿼Դȥ档
á
ϧϧ
ƿţڴϷĤ
Ķһͦ۾ֱ㶵Ŀʵ˵ȥ˱ҵ񣿣Ӷڶ
ͷһοӣĬĬͷ
ţȥˡ
ԭȫ˶֪
۾⣬һͷǡ㱨Ļ
š
ôӴʯĸоǲرˬ

ϸһ±ҵʱΣʱ֪˾Ǻηʥ˼໽Уǳ
Ϸǳ۾΢΢һ´ǡ
ţȷʵͦ˧ġ
һժĤ֪˵ʲôҲҪȥμӵ񰡣
㲻ʵҪ𣿡
ʵôܸأǿǼǱˡ˼һ㶯ָͷӳĸͨһӹҲһλôӴҾȻˣӴǰַŵλãһ
һߺһȥϴ
վԭؿЦá
һЩʰ׵ڴϣϰ߽ÿ˯ǰڤ롣
ڤЩһ
ͨͨһˡ
ԭãλȨֻ֣Ҫһͱضķеˣһһ겻ɽĳ
ʹֺ棬˵ϻĹϵҲֻܵ˶ѡ
һʼʹ˱ܶԶ֮ûҲ롪üֺյλá
ǧû뵽Ȼڡ
ֻһ˻ȥʱˡ֤㡪
һûΪô߸ϡ
ڶȤ
Ȥж󣬲һ˼ܱûǿ
Ҳڿ崵ڵǼһ룬һ󵨵ľ
Ҫü滻ֺա

۾ڿĬĬ߶һ֡
Ҫôȥأ


 5 

Aλ⣬УһڴѧУ෴λþֻһ·ʮ׵ľ룬·ӲٳһһԴ
һԴһֲ֣Ÿɫġй㳡AѧֻҪż䡣
ֵΪࡣһȥ飬ŵĵطûСһ̲裬ڹ㳡ϡ
Сʱǰոս͵ĿԡѧڵһſԣҲѧеһš
ſγʵѡޣڽѡ޼
ȻһʼҲûѡҪѡΪ̫ܻӭ̶ʮӾͱһɨգҲѡſΡôŽΡ
ʽ򵥣οʦڶýϷųһͻƷҪѧڰСʱдԼͿ
дһƪ˵һӵġӣֱ߳Уߵй㳡

ֵͩï˶ŨܵҶڵסȵ˻αеı飬ĿңңǰߵȺ
Ѿȥ죬ֺæϤϵĹȫ绰΢ϵ
ûٴֺյ֪ϢΪ˵ʱǶԲϣϢʱææʱֲڡ
ȫûѯʹڼκһϢ
ļƻ޴֣Щƣקܺݺһڡ
Һ廬Ҫ
ȥɲУ侲롣ͻȻAУһΪһЩ˽£һֱAС
֪ͣã޵ʱӴһʱҲѡֺա
Ǻֺշֵüޣϴ׻ۣٲ֣׻һ̲סЩʲô
׻ж߾̫ˡ
ᱻĸо
ʱȡ
üͨ˶̵ĵ绰

ĵıǴİ칫ضΣ۴αȵĸ¥áеľӢÿŹʣС
̵ĳƫƫͿ
һġ
һƬӲϲӭյΨһվŵĵˡ
ͻأȴͻ
ȺӢԽϸߣȻԼĳҲûǮټϾӢܻ³ʱʱѳˣ̵ĵһֱ
ʱ򣬶æһţ¡
Сģ㻹ܣҽ첻ߣͺë
ְŹϣǰǽ塣
߰㣬ɹ
׼ȷ˵è
ֻһɫεӰӣݴڵиƷС̴ŷɫƷĲ׷ڰɫӰӺƿڴ
ԡ
èʡǰɫӰһֻСè
̳׷èͻȻһ˸ؿڣϴҼſڼġ
̾˿˵ղҴ绰ʱˡѰ˼ϴ飬һӾʹܳˣץץס
èԵҺãˡ
˳ŶָķƹȥССġҰ׵һ棬ֻֻô˫ǵķʱ׼Ѿܡ
۾΢΢һ١
ԧۣƯ۾һһơ
ɲʨèѪͳԺ󳤴˿϶رƯ
СëֱֱûʲôӦٽһЩ˶˫צûĶ
Ա߿棬ˣѵȥôеèںǰôɣһǰͱɴϻƵġ
ӭСëŵעӣ֣ʳָǰʾζ
èеĶİи߶Ⱥ浫Ҳǳ衣濴Ķܹľġ
СëŶ˶ӣ¡
ҿ𣿡̽ʡ
˼ûʲôӦӦСëŵԴüΧ׵λãץץָ°͡ղŻŶСë˲۾

˺İæ˺ѸٸСëϴ˸衣ëָһèͷ
һʰ׵󣬶̴ӹ̨ͳ֣ݸһ
ʱ䣬ҹ˰ɣָһ̧ޡǡһ򿪸ڡϽֺǸɵù˾ôʱң
û֣ţͷ˵
һ°ԵĴ˸áֺӦԾ˼һתӴҲ²£ֺհ˦˰ɣ
ҡͷԡһſϷ顣
ʶǸ⡣
ǰһκֺԼѧУ··ҳꡣ
ĴһֽƸ£ֽдмְԱҪϰʱ䣬ҪרҵܣΨһҪľϲС
нˮܿɹۡ
ֺյ沢ûб¶ҵȤˣûֺ֪ȱǮһΪһʱ仹̣˶һ棬ŻԴǿֿɱġ
ڵڶ죬һ˵ҵꡣ
𿴶ֻǾӪһССĳ꣬ȴһʵĸ겻Ϊ׬Ǯǵ£˳Сϰ
λ֣ĶǾӢ죬ôһûмֵĹһˮûƸȥ£һ˶û
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ƫУֱҽ
˸͡
˵¼˺
ݹһɾ꣬ȥΪרҵְһʱͻæ
ҲΪ˲ѡ
ҲںĽʶֺգֺദҲ
ֻǣֺսһֱ߷߲ƽ
̫ܣ̸˵ͷ²⣬Ǹɵôأɲ¡ϸϸͷĬĺ˼漴ŵĵɴ˫ۣʧ˳
ǰɡ֣㲻Ҫǡ뷴ˡ
̧ͷ۾ﾡĬϡ
˵Ҳ֣ǸС˵Ůʵû̸
ܾΪС˵ˣڹ۲˵ĸʱһѪ
һʼֺദʱ򣬾һۿֺպ޸ֻáθ涼ܺͺ֪޲޲ΨֺȫĵվǱߣݺָ
Ƿֲһֱڴ𣿡ɻ
ڴֺ;֪˦㣬˦ˡ㣬㲻ǵⳡͶƽҪ֣ҲӦĿʱֹ˦㣬Źƽ
顯һ̰ˤϡ
ֺյĴܹ࣬еļζԻҲǹںġֺնԺĸ飬Թ߿һ
ȫǸģѡ
Īǡʲô飿
ͻȻһ٣֪ʣǲǳʲôˣǴˣֺոձҵҪָǱߵԴʱԲ֡
һǳʲô¡
УӦ̫ٶۡ
ߣͳֻ΢š򿪺Ͱ׻۵촰ڣ˹ȥ
òϣ׻۵ռ൱
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⡭̲Լ۾
أܲǺΪ˺PƬȻøɾѾȷµʵԡ
ǣ֪֪治֪İ
ͻȻп
ңô
⻹𣿣ҾԲŹԹŮϲҾר˰ǰģôʹô

Ǹֺ̯𣿡̹ĵֺյıǷӦò̫ɡ
ûУֺչﻹǺܰԵӣƬҲֵͬġ̣Ҫҡ
ô
ֻ죬һǸϴҵԭ¡ҲȫܺߣҲдܾͲˡϾûĸ˻ԼŮĶ⡣
ڴ˵ԼԳ췸ͬŮǲС
ʧҲҪ죿Ϊʲô޷⺫Ի·
Ҳǳ죬ڨڨЦЦҸеݸϷˡ֪ҽȦӺСʶʲôˣֶֺࡣҪҽһֺղֺ࣬߱һЩˡһֺܺʶ
Ҫȥͻˣⲻɱһǧ˰
Ҳں
Ժаʶɸһ飬ûʲôѡAȦӾôʶļҲʶֺա
ûвAе𣿡̽ʵһֺղʶľСҪ죬ȥæ
̵ĸAĸ߲㣬Ҳˣһ֪Ϣãڼһ˵
Ͼôڵļ˭ûеʸ˼
ˣȷʵиܰ㣡̴һָرã
رãѵܺùСĵһ䡣ﻹǱŶ֪Ϣ
û뵽䣬̾һϲ֡
ô֪˵ľǼ

 6 

ʱ죬ٴδ֣֮ƽ޲ĺȻҽһʯӣˡһ˺
һ˵˷ܸϯ˺ȫ
ظһ顣
԰֮ǰǸ˵ҰȢ֮ǰȢһﰲŵŵԵһ꣬ʵںϲƽ顣һλȥŷޣ˵޸һˡ
ҰǰһĶӣ𱲷֣ҲǺҰһøġ
ϵҲ湻ԶģҲ֮ϲ
Сô֪ɣܾú
ǰֱҵȥݽˡϲһЩϡ
㲻ǹİɣԽԽԾԴ롣Ȼһֱµѣ˵Ϸ˭ܱ֤ᷢչأ
һֻ㿪΢Ͱ׻۵ĶԻ򡣻һƬɫԽԽڡ
ղźͻȻҪ֣˰׻ۺֺյƬֻһֱϹˣֺ¹޵һֱƭܺˡʶվ˺ߣ֧֡
ڿ¼ƬԼʾʱ䡣
̷仡ٳҲӦˡ
ͻȻ֪ѲҪ֣һıѾõĲ߻
֪ǵ顣һֻŻ档ǹģ԰ɣ
ֺ֪ձ㣬Ҫ֣ҪҹҪֺյԴĬռЩƬΪĲǵһʱóΪ֤ݣӶⳡֶ󻯡
˵Լʲô飬ǰΪߣû뵽Ӻǰֻء
ҲΪֺճԲҪֺ֣նô۹ˣֺˣҸܸ¼ң
֪֪Ҹе¡ͷβֺգǲҲأ

Ļı·˶пõӡһʧȥֵͻᱻ
ֺȱҵġƽ
˵ⱳһûƲ𣿣
ͻȻĬ
ǰԼڰ׻ǰԴ˼Ķʼģֺա
һֱԸֺܹϵֺΨһ϶Թһ棬͵͵ð׻֪¡
к֪׻ϲ̶ȥһҹֺ꣬մҲȥð׻˸ֺյĻᡣ
һһδΣҲ֪ʲôʱ򣬰׻۾Ĺֺա
˰ΣĹװ֡Ǵ򿪺һڡ
ֺĶͦõġǸȦֺѾǺܽԺˡֻš
֪⻹ԶԶ
㡪㻹ܸҪ𣿡
ȻԣشҲϣҪ

ǷˣҲóϸ㲻ǲֺȫһΣ԰ֺպתǲܣ
ҪԹ֪ˣ׷̣ң𣿡
ֺȱҵġһǿ
ͻȻ޻˵
Ĭãճ̾һɳƣΪ֮ɡ

¥AһҺպ˽˻
һɫ֣ʵȴִһ񡣳Է衢ϴԡĦסޣӦоСΪߵˮƽͻԱƵƶȣһֱ˽ֵ
ԱƣҲ˵ֻбԱעΪµĻԱֹֻͨڴſڡ
Ǯ˵ȦܹôһȥҲͳAиǵľۻ̶һЩҵ¹ǣֻгΪ¥עԱǰֻ̤һ㡣
ݶϢһ֡
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æ֣СˡֶǸִӹ̸ģ¡
Ҳڣ̸⣿
Ҳţ̸׺һŮ飬һĹҼֺգ㸺𣿡
ֵྭǸʮˣһ˵ٴУС㣬ܷģһʼִȷʵǹȥţǸսȥͱһλӺ˳
ŶʧЦλô
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û
⣬Ҳûܻ䣬ֺ¥ֱþȥ¥
·¥ʱ򣬺ʣ¥˶𣿡
֪ǰҲٵһ㡣ֶ࣬һˡ
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Ҳֺ֪֮ôæΪڴʶˣμӸӦ꽻ʡ
ٰ˳ɵĿܣֺճԷ˾Ǽ

֪ڼεľƱ͵һڡ׵ķɫůɫϵƹԵᣬβ΢΢ɢһӲε٬Ϣ
⸱е̬ֻµûš¾ƱϱòЦݣ͹ӣ¥ζӦûθڰɣǳԵҲˣǲǸ̸̸ˣ
һŵֺգʹ˸ɫֺæӰóõĲ߻˹ȥ
ϹڽǿصĿƻ飬ǵ幹ִмƻгţԺͼϵĺǳġ
ȿʲôĵطǺú
΢˹İѾƱ¡ҲȥֺյݹļҲȥϵı顣ԹԿֺһۣ˺صһ䣺ֶŮ𣿡
ͻȻתԼϣֺһ㶡
ʶ˵һСûȿھ˻ش
ЦŽӻܵܳģģŮѻûСѧУﵹǲСŮ׷ûϡ
ЦЦƳһһ˵ʲôû˵ֺգˣԺúѵá
ǰܴܵСûü˲ġСԾɣպñҵ˾ҵæԺͼ͹ӵĺչˣ
˵
죬Сգ͹ӵƣϽָֺաֺմæϵľƿϡ
ʮϣλһһ
ϸڱүƤ£û᳨ȣڵAû˹ܣ⿪ʼֻ̰ãô಻ԽԽ
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ֳ˿϶һ¡Ϊֺյʱıʵ̫ᡣ
ɸղ˵ܵûŮѡ
ֺҲʲôû˵һı³ô¡
ԼŮѲϿ
ϣ̫
ԼʱҲɹƵ¡
뵽ĳŮ˵ӰͻȻԺ
һ鶼ʼáķҼ
˼ȥϴּ䡣

 7 

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ȵô࣬ʣµĵ˵
õģԵȡ
£߶Ƚŵľ˴Ϣʱ䡣
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̱༭΢ŸշȥԱŽڲˡƿƣҲ򿪵Ѿƿ
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ĳϣϵͶվôһ졣
Ϊ˵ĳɳʵ̫һˡ
ǼжŮüĸ߲㡣޶ٳԶʮֳ谮
̴С岻ãסԺ޶˶ŮŮɷҪһֻͼ֡
֪Ůϲϰ๤˼˳ꡣҪʲôʲô
ۺԼ֮ǰҾƶ׳ȥĸװԶ߸߷ɡʮ걻ĸϧ˼̫ƽĸ飬ֳ˭Ҫƿ
һα
ĳɳ̻ͬ飬Զ޷ͬܡ
Զ⺫ΪʲôһҪֺԽϺִӲϽģֻһһöԷԼĸ
եüֵƮƮӻߡ
һ飬Ϊ֮
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Ķĵˡ
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ƲǺ״̬ҪֻҪȷǼ͹ˡ
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ҡڽ䡣һҲżȶžϸһԼͷӵţֻÿһطʮ⣬Ȼߵǰ
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ڱ϶˵ȥѰ˴ϧAУйûôǲֵʱ䡣
ΪźҪϿӣȴͻȻײ
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ͣƫͷҪԳͻȻ۵һĨڶİɫ΢΢㵣ĿӰɫȹƣһ滨ݡ
ĪЩϤϸһ
⡭ǸղǸ
ڶݵĴ㵺ָ˵ջߣʲôûһղűϵĶȫûбİŮ˿ԼϲĻš
ҲûϵôɣԭΪʱ㹻ܽ¡˭ϵһ
ֻһ˲ָ߬бһӺӲͷƤȥ
ԡԲ𡭡ŵ˵СҡҲǹģǡǲСߴˡ
ײ֮ǰݺԼһѡ˲ʹгסС۾ñʹƳ۽ϡ
ۺÿӣתֱźζߴ˲Ͻȥɵվ
һ٣ķӦ֮С
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ԴǡؿڣнĿʼ鴤ſƵĿ
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˵ĶˣĿʼԼͣ
Ż˳鴤¶һСƬ󾱼ôһطڷһİ׵ҫۡϸϸëؾ˱һ㣬ǳɫġ
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о˶㣬Ϸҳŵһҵʹȥ֤ǰҲԼȥ磬粻ϲңͲŮѣЩûϵΪҰôԱأ
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ȻƯѾǳƯˡĿŮŮƿ۵ġ
մͷ¶һ۾Ϳϵ
Сһ˲Ϊ·ںԼİˡѳˣҲԳ찡
̧סµ°ͣյ
ǸΣյˡ
һѴ֣ˣƷ衣Ҹ˭죿𣿡ʳָ˵ؿڣѲԶˣҲſ㣡

˵仰ʮֽšǸʲôӣ˵ˣ֪᲻
ûʱô࣬һһɡ
һѳסһקû뵽úÿͻȻ֣Ӧıõͷ󲱾ۡ
һ˹ȥ
촽ģźƵţӲɰͰ͵ţǡ
ŹôһӦͷΪǰ
һͷź촽һȹӡ
ûȹڵȻӴĿһ£ʶɿץż֣ݺ
ͷϣͷס°͡΢΢һʹͲܿƵſ졣
ȥ࣬һһɨ˹ȥ

ûйôҵǣֺᣬǸĶյϸ꣬ϸ
ǿ籩ꡣ
ȫڱľأž;ͷת
Ǽỻ󷢴ȱ˳
ʿգòվֱϼЦЦףһ˹
ģǹ
üע⣬һ̧Ŵȡһƿһס
㵡
㣿ʲôʲôƨǼȡѲԶˣ
嶪仰һŲӣĶӡ
վԭذΣŮ뿪ķʪǡ
ǣ˼


 8 

ͼǸǣζ˺ܾá
ʵҲ˵ǻζԵúƽʧ˵Ӧ˵ǺЩʱŰ
Ϊζμ˼ǡ
ϣ§űڴϡһͷ˯ͷ
һƿžƼɵһĶʱɤ
ȿȿȡŴԡ
񣺡СЩ
ǻһݡΣ㡣һư
ллû뵽Լʮ⡣
ҲøˡƽҶʳóֱȥʵңղųԵһͻȻҴ绰˵ʵǱߵ·⣬άޡҲлԵġ
һ߿źԷһԹ˵һͨ˵ԽԽС
һۣôˣ
ɫŹֵĳѸܵſڽŷȻŤŤ棬˫֧°ͣһء
£⡣
ʡ
㡭ǲǸֺշˣ
һ٣°̻ưʣΪʲôô˵׻ôļǶ֪ˣǻж֪
Ǽˣ˵û֣
ȻûУ۾գգǸȶġ
ȶƨһ뵽ղײĻ棬ûס˴ֿڡ֪֪ҸղС԰˭
˭
ײ׻ˣڸ˴绰绰ͷ˵ˣòС˴绰ãϽߣͻȻŵ绰ͷһֺա
׻ۿ׷ֺյ飬ѧУһ˶֪ǷʵҵģҲʱ̹עԣ֪һᣬǻ°Ϣ
зɿı㡣
׻ҪĻˣһϱֺոֺ֡ղԸ⣬԰׻۵ӣ³ִ
ֲС
Ǽ߻ûչء
߲ͬô졣
ü̸Ϊ֮ϢٸϢûء绰Ҳͨʱȥ̸ȥ˲ŷֵﻻס
̰ѵתˡ
µ˵ȥˡ
֮ڳϵ϶̡˵ٴ˽Ϣ
⼸죬·ʵѾʼżˡϹĻԣķӦҲϣǶȤӡ
ûмϵʽټһʵҲ;
ֻܵȡ
ȼ
ԽԽļԽԽûס
ָ˸ը/¼һûأѾʼԺˡ
⼸ҲûֺԼɡ
ϾȽæһֱ΢ϵ
ߣææȥ˵Ķ𣿣Ϊ򱧲ƽʮа˾ģȰϽúôûֵôѿ
Ȼʶ׻ۣ˵׷ֺһЩ顣Ҿ;ʲôˣǼҺּҲʶģҸĸҲѣ룬Ҫ滳ˣ϶е˶վǱߣ
ʱô죿
ֺղôҵġˡۼǱΣֺߣҪԼܺߵ
ֱӽܳܺЩҪԼһƺᶨƵ
ѽôôɵǺ䲻ˣҸ˵Ķ˵ˡҲУ֮ϣ㲻Ҫˡ
ǵһܲ˵ˡ
һЩ֪롣֪˵ЩʲôٰͣΣ˵һлл

ͺǱ߱ˮڵķӦһֺߣѾǻüë
ֺոŴֱʶ˼ּкǰҵ顣һ಻ԡ
ǼгӣСĸص硣СӲôעֻҪ¾С
ʮûܹʲôۺί˳˳ˮ
Դ˵ֱӱҵ󣬴ͿʼΪ·ܸиҵǰ֪Ǻ⣬һֺտʼԼǲӡ
ףּҵĹ˾ģС׺ʹҲֵ׳ͷѣײʲôԹ˾ľߡΪʲôҪ뾡취ȥ£ҪԽЦˣ
Ǹ
ͺʹһȴҪСЦΪһ²߻飬ǳԷǴϲ
ֺտԼҴΧתӣ
˵ʱ֪׻ۻеϢ
Ͱ׻ͨһʮֲĵ绰ֺķҵƿӣʼ·
ķղžֺ˵Ķ֪ˣæ׼õ¥ߡּҹ˶ʮ꣬ǿֵܳǵֺܵգʱŸջߡôʤӡ
үҰͶ˹ˡֺϰƽʱּҸĸҪǲڣһԡ
վſڳﺰûźǲ˯ȥˡЦЦҲԸ׼Ȼٽһˡ
һתžʹˡ
ֺպϴ꣬һɫ£ñҲûŪббšţ̣һһ롣
㣡Ȱ
ֺպѱӷŻԭֱһǣ裬緹ҾͲˣм³ȥһˡ
˵ռҴ¥Կ׾ܡ
绹æϧѾֺյӰӡ⺢ӣʲôô

׻վѧУſڣʱ˲࣬ʵǸûע⵽׻ۣһѧУѧô࣬׻۱ȽϳҲһ˭ʶ
׻۾Ǿ·ѧ͵͵С˵
ֺա
ƲסǨŭ
ϸ£ɹʡţӦ졣һʧ˭ͻȻ֪ͨϸһʣԷŸʾˡ
ŵȻҪһеߡ
׻һͻˡ
侲ϸ룬µȷʵһֱûǰżҲټֺյķʩһֱĺܺãʹûԼỳС
Ǹߣֵõ赸ģôܻУ
Ƽ䣬һɫͣڲԶֻͻȻ
ֺڵ绰ͷ˵ϳ
׻ۻܣֺյλãתͷ˿ûʲô˶ţ˹
һϳţֺվӣٶȻ׻ԭЩγзӦһЩ״üͷҪȥ
մ绰е£ŵ
ֺĿǰƽʱЦ⣬ʱȴüĿȻϡӣӵµ߷塣ûͱȼ١
ֺձ⽻ͨ״Ūý꣬׻ѯʣҲղס⣬һƫͷ˳
ȥҽԺ̥


 9 

仰ͬ¡һ֧⣬׼ȷֵĲ׻۵ࡣ濴ûѪʵȴ۵ϾҪ
㡭˵һ顭׻۲˵
ⲻ٣Կǵ赸ҵķչԼֺǱ߻ûִⲢζֺտԺ
ֲһ˻ģίʹȫϵһҲϵˡҲ⣬ƾʲô˵ʹ򣡡
ǰ³أ粽СֺϨ˻̽˫ְŰ׻۵ļԴǵĺ֣׻ۣӲ
ƾʲô׻ۺۿ
ֺܣͼתƻ⡣Ƕᣬڻõʱ
ʵû֣԰ɣҪȻһôãϹôδΪʲô㻹ûз֣
׻۾ԼЦ
ÿ㣬㶼˵ٵȵȡ˵óȻ֣һ֣ʱӶÿÿζ͵͵㣬Ҽù⣬ˡһˣһʱ䲻ô̯ƣȻҪҴ̥
ǰʼƶĳͷİȡ
ֺ·ӣ԰׻˵ļȲҲش𡣼׵Ŀռ˵Ľ͡
á
׻ۣΪá
׻һЦΪҺãظһ飬⻰˵ԼҪΪҺãᱳźϴұһ˸С𣿡
ҺˣǸ⣡
ǲֺյ̬ð׻۾ͷһξԼϲˣһǻ·ι˹㲻ϲһ⣡
˵ţ⿪ȫʻȥһֺķֺ̣һæһһ䳵һΣۿҪײԱߵĳ
ֺɫɷף϶ֻʣӲ䡣ס׻۵󣬴æ֮ҲղȣֻʹĽһȻɵĸţһط̵ĿȨ
ۡ׻λ
ֺշɿƳһۣ󱳳һ亹죺Ͼ͵ҽԺˡ
漴һ·޻
ʮӺ󣬳ͣҽԺſڡ
Aõһ˽ҽԺǸǵѡֺմǰ飬֪ﱣĺܺá
³ɡֺȴ򿪳ţ׻ûִӳͷ߹򿪸ʻš׻ۣ侲һ㣬ΪáĲҪ˵
׼ҺּҸĸǴѧͬѧҲкߵļ׽
׻ۺֺմӸջ·ʶ˴ͬһ׶԰ͬһѧûֿ÷
Ҫϸ㣬ϲʱ伸ռĿǰȵȫ
ֺմ˵ֻá
ʶ˺һƵģΣþֶ׷󡣰׻۵ʱû£Ϊʹǰ̸ĺܶһ棬ھͽ¡
˭û뵽һ̸ꡣ
ˣҲѾˡȫ岻м䣬ǸŮ˿ż򵥣ʵϳǸ̫ͲĶ֣
Ǻֺһξ
ֺգ׵ϣҪˡ
ȻסֺգǾһǵĽᾧˡ

˵仰̧ͷֺЦùŹ֡
ˣǸһ¡ϴ£ǰ֪ˡ
ֺɫ䣬һ˲԰ס
׻۳ķӦϻЦţʵۼˡ۵Ҫź׵ܼЦ

1028֡
ڴ裬ֻͻȻѸͣ˽һˮϴ»ʱ䵽ˣȥȡ·
ժ˶һ˳ȥ
¥סŵİ೤ȽһٻͻȻ뵽¡
೤סһҵĹʲôʱܷ
ûǴĻҵڶ걨ͽֹȥĲҲȫò˶೤ʱ䣬ڹȥ£ǰεٶȣӦͷˡǺһֱûյеѡ
Ŷ°ȽһٻѾߵԼſڣʣͣ½Ų⼸æ˸ˡ

Ƚһٻ죬أֱҵУͻ2֣ݽϵʱͻȻҲмдˡȥһɲɱ0.2֡
Aѧ񣬹Ҽѧһһ塣
˴һ˰˺ûϣʹ궼áҽѧޣһԺֻ䵽רҵҲһ
Σõ˲εݽʱ򣬺ŷи𼸸ͬѧһμ˺öеĻ˲ĽԼӲٵ֡
ԭʮþȣ˵ķֺòգֹǰֺ취˱ҵˣֲһʧ
ϧû뵽·Ƚһٻ·
Ƚһٻǰ೤˵ĵݽ񴦡ͺԸ˵רҵûŮͺԸ
֮ǰͷϵʱ͵͵һƬȽһٻĹ͵͵ķ
û뵽ģԼġ
Щѹϵ취ٶŪˡ
ʵڿϧ
Ҫǲţȥʦʡܹ£ԹҡȽһٻһ˫ǳԵ۾ЦܻúèĶǻȽٻٻġ
ˣ೤ܲƭңԼԹ˭
˼Լë½ҹ߽ˮ̫ûȽһٻ𾪵ı顣
ٽ磬ˮûˡϴ»ﳶһͰ͵·㶶˶һﱧᡣ
˼ᣬûϴ»ʣ¸еĶС
ţһһ·ϴĲ٣滹зǵ
·ãѪϲѵһߡ껹ò񫣬ɴֿʼʰᡣҷŵĶúðһ飬룬ʮа
ԼѾʼˡ
һжΪ
ֺգҲֺ֪յŮѣҲ֪˵ֺճ졣
ڵʲô
Ͻò
ʮַֺ꣬ϾҪס
һ˿ֺպͰ׻һԽ޷ֺǰ׻۱֡ʱֻҪϸ˵Ͱ׻û취ϸɾӲ˵ֺҲô
ϲɾȻҲͲܿʼµġ
û취ˮõ׻ϣͰ׻۵Ĺϵ
ҪͰ׻۵³ױ¶ǰ̹ס
̹׺µĽֺܾյ롣ҲΪԼȷ˴˼Ӱµ顣
¾㱸ֻ


 10 

ȼжֺա
磬һˢ硣ӷҹһŴ͢磬Ůһ˺üĻʮĿ
ѵʱôУһ߳Ա߿
ĿȥˣĻŵĸоܸоҪʲôõ¡
ʼĥ˵İ׻ۻеϢ
Ͱ׻۽Ӵ࣬ԸҲм˽⡣ĻˣԻ˱ֺ̺֡
ûʲôһʻмֵʹֻһ̥
ֺճ׻аˣͷˡһֱû˵ʹǰҲûʲôͬǰ컹˵֡
׻ֻһֱƬֺյʲôٶûСʲô
ֺһŵʲô羯׻۲Ҫŵ֡
ǰ׻͵͵ƬѵͲֺ
֪׻ôġ
۾
뿪ֺŮѵʵܽᡪ
һġԽˣŮѳ̸δ滮ŶԼƺŮ.
Բ
ûסЦžտ̴ٵЦת˲š
۶ͨ¼ǰͨ绰ֿһڻʼж
ֺ֪׻ۻУϾʹ绰ԼԷ
Ҫ԰׻۸Զ̯
ӦþɡһֱǸˣʱ򻹴Скͳϡ׻۶Ĺ⣬ϲСӣƽʱ·ϼ˶ᶺһǸܺõĸס
¹񣬺ҷ˰죬ڴҵֺȹӡ
ǳɫϥ䣬濴йоأȴ˿γɵοա
ȹǷֺүеһιҲһδ򹤵нˮġ
Ȼֺ̯ƣǺ֮ǰļƻͶûˡʱû취ٸֺ˵׻һֱƬû취׻ˮ˵ʲôֺնῴںӵϣվ׻ǰ
Σأ
ΪԼ챳ѲΣΪǸӵĴڶһ˵ĵ
ƣһ᲻ģֻˣҪԺӸΪ˺Ӳźֵġǰġ
ϴ˸óʮֵϸĸԼױ
ļƻһͻȻðĺӴңҪʱôˮ
ҪǷȹӣվֺǰҪֺڿʱһ˲ͻĿʱ⣬ֻβŻһЩ
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Ű׻۽ЩһƬ侲Σһ۾ͿǸŮ
ͻȻƽˡ
Щգô˳Ű׻۵˼·ɺأ
յЩȴûʣһѹһʱĹ¡
Բ
ʲôɫ̫áһע⵽ɫЩڡô
𣿡ֺվִٵЦЦžӿۡ⼸һֱҴܣûôϢá
ʲôʲôĿҪԳּҸ㽨֮ǰ¥£ɫ
ʵҲʲô£ֺԭ֪˵ЩʲôȤɴ˳Ŷ˵Щ֪ǽǱ߰ɣһСƬϾǿյġϱ߹滮˺ü꣬ѵ˳ȥҸأ̡
صˣּAеĵλ˭أ̶͸ּ顣
ֺո˺һ͵񣬡ǰصǱǱߵļϣΪأͼٶһԹˡҸֻԳ㣬ҽҵˣҲԸԸ⣬ֱӰҺȥһ
Щ˷ܡ
ҲΪã¶¶ʶʶˡôЩԹ
֪ΪҺãֻǡ̫ϲǸֺü
ʱֳȺãȻұҵϸĻǸҵʱúԶ壬ӡ񻹲ȫڻ
ҴȥҴҲΪֺձʾмΪһ˶ʮ꣬ͷһμôµˡҪΪŮˡ
ȻװӰȷʵ£ԶԶûֺ˵ôţԶԶϴԱĳ̶ȡ
ֺ˵оֵֹġ
̽ô˵ҵۼˡ
ɱ𡪡˭ֺն˵ͳֹ
Ϊʲô
ǸĻӣҺҴʱһ㶼˼ɵھϺҴ˵ڱһСǡ㳤ôƯҪעô죿ҾԲ㡣
ЦҪңҶԶԶġ
û⡣
˵һҿԭֺնͬһϵϵ꣬ǽе㵹ùǰӵһԭץСϷ룬λԭʮ׽.飬ǽƾһ֮档
ͷ󺹵ĸǾϹǸʾ´ⵥ
Ըо¼˵ԭСʱŵֺյĸ첲һʯͷӲġ
ֺϵıҲ֮ʼòȻȫû˸ղڳ˵ʱ⡣
ջشߣָ˸һûĵꡣ
ſҵĿꡣ治װ޵ȴζҲʮֲһʳԭ̫Ǳҿζų˲١
ֺճԵҲ٣ԻĲɡʱʱͷʱ͵͵
̹Ϸԭôһĥĥ
Щꡣ
̲סֺһ͵͵ʱ̧ͷϡ˸һӵңң㲻˵Ҳ˵
ֺվôɵŻعæתߡ۾￴ɺ顣
Щ죬˵ʲôоΪûֺա
ǰůһ㡣
ĴȴʼԸһ̨ףӸովһֱ͵ңǲңҲʲôӣΪʲôȹӣ
ԣˡֱֺŵӺ˿ˮô
סˣ룬ҵĿյеͣΪͻȻе䡣
̨ףĿҲ䵽ϵȹӡ
ֺ۾ǿյġ
ûпҪġ
ûһ˲ȹӱ塣
û𡭡ˣ
ƺûС
ͻȻú
ʵҲûʲôԭ򣬡Լش𣬡ʰ·ŵǼȹӶϴˡʵʵڷԴ
Ŷֺճ¶һ֫ȫЦݣƺҲʶ˵һ䣬ֻһЩסָɰͰͽһ䣺ɫܳ㡣
һֶءûʳſһƬ⡣¿ӵһ˲ԼǷһ
ɷˡ
ҳԱˣ㻹ҪỹжҪʰҪǼԣҾȻȥˡ
Ҫߣٸֺն˵һ仰ٽ첻롣
̹ϷֵĻ˵ɡ
׻۵ĶӲ⼸졣
񶾵롣
Ҵ߳ţ̨ףֺվ׷סĸ첲
Сҽл˵ȥһطɡ


 11 

ֺմȥĵطǡɫ
һҺ¥ƽAɫĵꡣ֪ʲôʽĳϡһҾưɡ
ԵԱƯ
տʼȱǮʱ򣬻ûдӦֺյ׷ʱ׷ûãõҲһЩֶΡ
ȴĿαΣһһʳַͬѧǶչˡ
оÿ״򲻶ͺͻ
һʼȫû
ʱһֱĶһ׷ѧûֺպãǳ˹ϵźöְǰ;Ψһŵĵطԭͥʮͨĸ¸ڹˣϼҾӪһҹģĳ
Ǹϸĵˣճһһľȡʲôû˵װʲô֪ӣСά档
ֱѯʲô;ѸһʿǮˡɫ
ʲôֺǣ߽ˡɫĴš
Ҫ˵ֵ𣬾Ȼưɣ
֮ǰ˵ûưʶպԸ
⻰ֺ˵ʮ顣
ԭƻڳԷʱѰʱ̹ףµͷֽţ˵ڣɨ˺ˡ
Ҫǽʲô˵ԼƲԼҪȥӦЪ˹İ׻ۡ
ԽһҪѸ˵Ļ˵ֱߵĻܰ˵ڣǱ뵽ɫӵĵط
ΧǸˣ᲻ԵҪ˵ݸɾһЩ
ӦΪƿһţһ
һƼſڵķ̨ϣһαֱֹܣϷһֹһ˴µĹ
̨£ǰԼڳɸn̵ͣͦ.¶ڹǰ̿Ե΢΢ʵջ
ѹȫžĻ治Ҫκ׺ʡ
ֺǽɳ£һͼǹ٬Ĵ˸ָ漴𣬽ҰңʱУ˾ưɸе֡
ЩֺҪ˼ƿþơͣλѶȡ㲻ܺȾƣҪ֭ɡ
Һơơ
ҲáֺæӦ
Ⱦ򣬺һ۶ûǡһΡȻҪúܱݡ
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͵۹⿴ţȴŻȥԺҪʱѧϰһ¡ΪĻ٤еͶȶУ̨ŮӵЩȷͬĶҲûջ
úúѧѧԺõϡ
Ӧ¾뿪ֺһƿ͵ĵһ
һһͱݵĺһڸԼҪŵһ룬㶵ֻ
ֺռûע⵽óֻԼ߿ܲĻ
ǰ׻۵Ϣ
˵𣿡
ỹû˵ɣǳȥСʱˡ
Ͱ˵ô˵
Ҹֺգһֱƭˡ
ֻҲİ㡣
ΪǮݡ
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ֺ䣬ҵһۿ㣬룬õŮһҪŮѡ
ɹ˰ˡ
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һ죬㷢ҳˣôƫͷһ
ⲻںԤ֮ڡ
ԭΪֺս̹׻۵¡Ϊ˰׻۶ĺӣֱ̹ףֱҪ֡ʮֱΪ˼ǿβŴȹӡ
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죬ô
԰ѱ
ңȴԼЩţ˺⡣Ϊǰ·û뵽һ
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̬̽ȣ˽ʲô
ѵףͰ׻
ֺֻǰԴǱֳԳ̶ȣʶ˺жôʶԽ̣ξԽأԽ
õĲͻԽࡣ
˵ֺ̲꣬סЦЦᶼˡ˿ھƣûסǺˣһٿԡȿȡ
ı
ֺջִӱʮָ棬ַŵһ¡Ц˵벻Ӱôҽŷ֣㻹ĸϻǱʡ
ɲܳ죬۲ء˳ƿļߡ
ֺոӵЦЦ̹һƿߵľƣ򿪵Ʒиְ׻۽Щ
һºҾͿʼǵĴ.աǣ֮ǰ˵Ҹ֣֣Ҫ֡Ҹµʱ仹Ŵ׷ʵʲôʱ֣ԽԽҾ֪㻹᲻
Ĳֺգƽʱôôһ۾Ϲأ
Ͳ㣬һһͼĶǮݣԴصġ
㲻ǰɣ㣬һŮԼѺͱŮ˵Ĵ.գһ㷴Ӧûÿ˰Ƭˣûʹɣ̽ûаɣ
һںܸûһ
ҵģҪ֪ôҪ˵ԭ㣬ȥҽԺ̥
ƿֺմʱţ״̬һƿƴûþûһ롣ΪֺЩ˵֣һֱȾơҲû˼ȰɰͰͿȡ
ЩƶֺͣձҲǶõľͷȣзظźǷ
ð׻˵ˡ
һ㶼ԲŻͱ˵Ĵ.޶ԡҲΪûŹƫƫװʲô֪
Ϊʲô𣬲ˣ
ֺմ³ץסļ򣬺һţֺգǲǺˣŪˣȴѲ

ֺ룬֪ˣ
ͺһ꣬ʼûнеһü̲סĸ˵͸ȥһֱţǾʢȻҲͰ׻ۡ
ҪһֱܾͲͰ׻ϴҲᵽôʹĵľأ
ҵԴֺ˶˷ˡ˺§ڻСİ㡣ҲңԲԣ
һһ߳źҪߣΪҪ뿪˵ĿǷ˳Ķ
֪˳Ӹֺռ뷨ӦֱֺӳźԶſڵķߡȺӦ򲻶ʱֺѾƿȲ۵Ĳţһѽ˽ȥ
źȡ
ĵţһ˸䡣
ֺաͷ˵ߴˡ뿪Ųȡ
ֺȴ˵Ļᣬ̧߿һȡקźĸ첲ȥѹź󣬽ŷס
СͷľᣬǾͲһˣھͰ˺òã
ûпƣҲûдֲָĺڡ
ֺ߬Ļۣ˵仰ϵԶԶӿֳĺ¡
ԡ
Բԡ
ͼ˵ܾƾӰ죬һֱֻסֻ֡ϣͼֺյǣֺա
ֺﻹǣ˵



 12 

ϤĴʪ󣬴ҾƵĴ㡣
ǰȴİģ³çײһ˿˵İϧֻвڵԺҰ
ֺǵôͼ̧ȹֺյ.ֺշӦ죬Ѹȶסȣ˾һճϵ㣬á
֪һ⣬ֺͻȻİûкûнǿȹÿһοǹ߻ʱԸͣ¡
ڣģ
ֺյϺһ˲ӿ˳
ƽձֵĶôǿ侲ʱҲֻһֽŵСŮ
ĺ¡
ſ⣬ֺʱݺҧһڡѪζֺͣ˶ֱںڰﶢ
СʮᣬԹòãǽˣȥ֤
ŵͷҪתͷ
ֺաҪ㣬Ұɡ
ΪʲôҪ
ƾʲôҪ
ŭȼգֺմϢء
ں֪ʱǰ൱ͬɫְ᲼ͬûеҲƾֱ֪ɳ
קýߵɳԵһƣúʧƽſɳϡ
æվֺղᡣѹס˫ȣס˫ѹԴϷȹӱοյĳ
Ҫ
˲治棬ֱ
ֺͨͨûҵĿӡûĸɴʹ˺һǼ岻ȹӳһڡ
ֺաҪ
ֺȲĺ󾱡
ŤӶȥŮ⣬ԽֺյԽ
ڰֺɺ˫ۣȹϥȹһѡ
ûǱһĲϣյĸоúʧУ
Ҫֺաˡ
Ƥ۵룬زסˡ
һ룬ͻȻ
סϰ˺ڰ۾ܲסϵֺҲͻȻĵƹ۾ͣеĶ
ǿû˼ˡһ٬
Щ죬ϸ룬˱˹
һᣬתͷһֺձһȭֺ°ϣֺƺһҪ֣ɶһȭ
һȭݣֱֺӵ˵ϡ
𾪵ĿһС
𾪵ĲͻȻ˳ֹⳡУҲþѲֺȭͱ˻
𾪵ǰ˵ݡ
Ǽ
ôôɡ
û˼Ϣүת۾Ͱ͵ǰ
û߿æɳʵʮΡȹϰ𻵣ȹڶ䣬ڿ㿨ϥǣ΢һͻ߹⡣
ô빴Ҳûӳǰ侲ϸ룬ϴκͼװһһʹѵĲңίڱײѶ죬˳
ǰ費ܱ䡣
СĶ϶š
ڽ˴κ󣬲ŷεЩ졣սϸһˣⲻϵزձҵĶү
ıͼǱǿȵŮ
ζĿȥŮ.ſţѩ׵ļڵƹʮˣ߸Ʋ۾
СèһĳüڲʵĽ̬˹װףںϡ
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˼ӣҲÿţڽСô¶
һʼûӦҲ˼šʶŮԸ⣬һֱģֶֿ㣬Ӣ۾
û뵽ȻǸŹŮ
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ͷѾʰ׵վΪȹӼ򴦶Ϲ̶סֻðװɶ񴩣ֻǰϵһĽᡣ
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ʹͷɢţۿкʪ⡣Ǳˣɫ԰׺Ѫɫ
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ЩţλƴȨĸ׺ֺĲһֺǰżܣڼǰһСľͱ˼
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ո㣬㻹壿⡣
ֻǺȶˡˣһǳڵġ
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е˼
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һǺ൱ĺǧһߵ۸ڶ޷졣
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ʲôҪ𣿡˷źãһ塣ûеĻؼҰɡʱ䲻ˣٲȥҪˡ
·ʱ䣬԰¡г
زʶְִæ˵Ҫؼҡ
ȻȤ
Ĵָָ׺ݺʳָڸòѹ¹ǡ
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ȷʵüԾҲһ˲ЩС׻Ϊʲôôʵˡ
ûû裬ֳôƯ϶ܹٿ࣬۸۸ˣͲᷴʲô¶Լԭ
ǸǸЦЦ
ûϵɿ쿴һۣæͷװһʮΪӣĻ
ûʧȻ˹Слֱ˵
ʱ䣬ѧУѾţ⸱Ҳý˿ûܲ͡ȥľƵꣿ
Ȼԡͷӿ㶵ͳԿףתҪߡ
Ҵǰסӣһû˵ءż
ͦ
Ҫ˵ʲô
ƵǼҪ֤ûšа취סȥ𣿡ĿеĵĿ
ݣƵкӦþסȥʱŸлҪ绰һ
ߴŵɨһۡװŷֲ׵ӣϽ֡϶ͣһ
ϴЦڱһס
û취Ҷһ׼ķûطȥԹסôҲң

 13 

ȥA齵ľƵꡣ
ҾƵ½ӰͶʣδAʱƵ˶õķ䡣
ѳߣȥȵݵʱ߰ŮȷҪȥ
йŮģֲٷŹû׼ᷢʲô
˵һ𣿡ʡ
ҲԣһЦûټ⡣۵ڵĲɨһۺںͱ˷΢š
ں죿
ݵˣ߽ȥûźţֻ
ţĶעⰲȫ
עⰲȫĸظһ飬ȷʵӦעⰲȫô˵ģ
Ҹ˵һ𡣡

ͳ׷ݻޱȣΪڶ㣬һݾһشA
һžŲӲɳһӣһ߽һ¡ָ̧ߵһţ˵סǼ䡣
Թһ
˵׼·ʲôߴ磿
ͺá
治ɫη΢š
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ǡȽȥˡ׼ӣ֪ô˼ǰ󣬻Ǿܼ
֪ڶеȤǼ仰˵ζֻװʲôشСһеһȤ
һۣ²˵СĻֻֻó庫ЦŵͷȽ˵绰
ιӰֻߵشߣ
ջߣ׼ߡһۼ⿴ƹɫİװУѾ⣬ʮۡƲƲ졣
֮·ضԶ
ʲôʱر
绰ͷǼĺֵ½Ӱ
ܡ
ܲиҪæ
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ǲСһʱزȥ
½Ӱ˵ӡ󣬷ڻᵽͼլ߶һ֣ȷʵҪԴ½Ӱȥݷá
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زһ˼ѡ
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Ϊ˼ǿΣǿ޷졣һһ
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ⷴӦԣƺǱĻش̼ˡ
Ȼ˫ֳŴ۾һһֻ̹
Ȼ׻ǰϢ
ֺôˣôҵ绰

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УҸ֪ҵˣ̽ô죬¶˰ɣ
֪Ŀˣҿ㻹ô
ֺսӵ绰
ɶ
Ȼǰ׻еļƻ
ôû뵽Ȼֺյľ棬ҲҪһˮ
Ϊĸհ
Цһֻӻһߡ⿪װŤӣԡҡ
Ҫúݸ裬Լ侲
ͳ׷豸ȫûùô߼ԡףоһɽȥˮĦʮʣޱȡ
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ȻֺѾһȫȫӡ
֪һףһס°׻۲ɿҲҪġ
ֶһʼɣ㲻˵ͣͣġݻɣ˵ʲôʲô粽С
ֺյԴòˡпܳΪˣ
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ʱⰡ
ӱأ׻ۣ
֡
׻۵˼ҪŶӱֺպ֡
԰ץԡױԵüԭˡ
ΪֺΪ˺ӻ̹ףڿֺոͲںӡ԰׻۲ŻƸ۰ˮ
ֺղŻǿ˵ʲô֤
ҪǸֺˣȻȥ֤ǻа׻ʲô¶
ȻʣЦ
ҹԡЬܳȥŰ׻۵ֺյ绰ʱ򣬽µһƻ
ߵһ룬ű졣
˯𣿡
Ǽ
һ۷ţվſڵλãһžŴװȹӻشϣȹ˺ѵһ¶棬ȷһžܱ
ܹȥŴ򿪡
𣿡Ŵ󿪣üܿкĴ
Ůոݹ裬ɫۣϮˡ
ɫԡΧʵʵ뿴ĵطһ㶼š
ųϵжױգ֮ǰҪСûױ۾ɺܴʧһ˿ȴһ崿ʷӵ¡
߲䵽Ĵϣװȹӽһһãһ飬һ
ûӦ˿
ϵȹӵݹȥ·Դ
ллƯ⻰ʵ⣬ȷʵǼƯȹӡɫȹƮݵĿʽ
ϲ𣿡׷ʡ
ϲ
⣬һ´һ˯°ɣ
Ҫߣ⧲
¡
ͷ˫ֲ嶵ת뿪
æס
ϵʽ𣿵·ϴãҸ͹ȥ
תϵʽ
ͷһվǰҪĲġ
ͳʣܣûҵдֵֽ䲻ƹϵֽУԥȥһʡ
һ֣ûк֣Щ
ݸ·ϴ˾ʹ绰˵˳ȥ
ǴֿãdurexƷlogoЦһ


 14 

ڶ죬صᣬܵ˷ڵһѯ
ϣ˫۴α֧°ͣ棺Ѱ׻۶Ӹˣ㻹ҹ
ĽҲһĳ̶ȣ̸ֺյ¡Ӧһ䣺
Ƕʱʵ˼ʽ˻û˻ῴɫĳ̶ȡԸ˵Ҳϣ˲ˣԼŰ졣Һ޹ܰûޣȻ治ý
˵Ҳ⣬AǰУպգʱ
ƫƫУڸĹϣʼռžɹءڸ㡣
һѧУʳõķܴߣֻʳóԣһ¥ʮϨƣ޹ÿҪޣ˲ھҪ۷֡
۷ֻӰѧɼ֮Ǻ͸ֽѧԼҹ
ÿ궼Žѧ𣬳˲μӸܼӷֵĻľǱ֤޲۷֡˴ѧһζû޹
涨Ҳֺܾյǿɡ
˵ѧڶˡֲУʵϰҺʵϰλ𣿡
ǰ϶ı
ң춨ˡǣ¶
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һ磬ֻûͣ
ֺչˣƶһֱ绰һûӣҲû֣תһֱ΢š
΢ǿˣֻЩϣֺһûΪʲôͻȻʧأҲûͰ׻۵£ֻһζǸ˵ʵǺȶˡ
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¹ȥ͹ȥˣ⼸첻㡣
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΢ģ¥ʱǱ¥սǵĴ¥⿴һȷûֺյӰŲĴҴҵĳ¥
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յϰʱ䣬ûˡ
ȵλáûһͿ׻Ŷ롣
׻۽ĸʶĿעк
ȵʲôʰ׻ۡһ͸Լ˱ʽ
һˮлл
׻ۿǰŮˣԷһ˿ʲô΢˵Ҫ̸
һۣͿϢԼ絽ҿ棬˵¹ֺշǳǳҪҪ̸
ϵֺ𣿡һڿȣš
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ֺ֪ԼԷǺôͨĵ绰ֺնﺢӵ̬ȣ׻
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ܲŪôŪ¡˵ˣֻҪæҾͻ᳹˳ֺվˡ
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׻оᡣһּҵĹ˾ȷʵò֣һֻɺǷ˵㻰
ȸңȥǸĿʲô
ǸĿҪͼϼŵٶҶԽӣʵҿˡʱ򣬺ҲûҪ˵Ķ˵׻۲ԸİҪµѣȻ뿪ֺա
㡢㡪Ȼú˵е׻ۻֺίǻûأͿʼ¼ңôãͲҸĴ㣿
ô棿û֤ݣտƾֺղŵġ
Լ׻̸ǲ΢ϻ绰°ѱ
ֺղţΪ׻ܴƬʣֱʱϡáҧ촽˵ҾһԣϢ΢ϸ㡣
˵ҲȺ˵Űߡ
ȵһڿȣһ
½׻죬ǰ˳ɵİաһˣͿ˳ĳڼǰ
ˣΪּҵĹ˾Լֺѵݣάס鲻衣
һиոպá
ֻû뵽׻۵Чôߣڶ͸Ϣ
źˣֱȥϱҴˣǸĿԭǸŮ鳤ǱͶˣǰոջ鳤˵鳤ҲAҵģгࡣǮŵṩ㡣ȥʲôҪֱ
ȫʮ˿ڣAгפǧ
ôҲû뵽ʽ³
̲סЦ˶


 15 

Ǳ߰Ǹĺͬˣ
ϵز칫¥ĿСȵ㿪䷢µʼ鲻Խ˳
ʱһƬ
ǼAгĿһʵĲٷʵ⣬¶Aиҵز˾ǰϴգǻǮҹϵǵòʲôϢ
ֱٶҼԵAУ˲ͣžǸҵһԳ̸⡣
棬ǰǰҲ֪˼˼پƣǱ߾ǲ̬ܵĳ滰˵ı˭Ư
ĿЩΪĿĵ˺þã˽Ҷ˿
Ÿõ߳Ϣһ飬Ҫǲ漰̺ͷ񲿣ץʱŪ
õģ鳤˷׷׿ʼæµ 
ϼҹ˾ڵϣмµʱϢϲһ룬ϾͺȼĿ֮ǰŮ鳤ָҪ˸Ͻϡ
ְһθϵĺͬ
һս
ԭսԹԱЦķڷ
Լİ칫ҡűվ¥¿¥³ﲻֿ̧˿ʾŵ
õˡ
ӺŵĶ
̽ӣ鳤С㵽ˡ
ŲһơһӰ߽
þòѧ

ǵֺͬʱ׷ѧ꼶һʼҲĿǹֻǺѡȳˡ
ʱǮÿڣѯôܿһǮ
ˡɫȥһΣһ裬ƿƣټСѣչ˻иࡣ
Ժ˳ȥ˱ûϵ
û뵽ʱ꣬ʽ
˵Źʶ
ط꣬򵥺⡣ڳǰԸٰһѽԼĿģ˵Ҳá
Ϊĳ̶ֳϣͺһˡ
Ĭ˳ʱûиеһ˿ѹ⣬еֻǡˡĸܡ
ԣAд˶ãұҪסĻᡣϿңǴǰϣûҲøᡣ
ʧЦʲô֣ûӦҵ׷󡣡
ҿòİ¹⣬ֻЦ˵
سЦĲУһڲǺסȸͣȿȡ
ֽס죬˺üۣͻȻһ䣺ֺշˣ
ôֺ֪գȥźֺһġ
㶼˵ҵòİ¹⣬Ȼǰ¹⣬ҪעһЩЦ
һЦп겻Ǹ˵йоһЦĳ࣬ҲᵭȻĽӱ˵Ĺˡ
Ҹڷֵ·ϡֺ⼸ľЩꡣ
⼸걻˾һ仰Ծô㣬ֲ
ҲǷֲûá˿ˮ˵̸°ɡ
ĵ¡
Ը˵Ҳʡ򿪳룬óһļǳĿһЩϣҪ죬Ҫ֪š
ӹȴû򿪿Ŀڵһˣʡ
޸һЩĻ⼸Ϳǩ֡
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ΣҲܵģһһɡ
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̧ۿ˭ʵϰҰŽģ
塣
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𰸣ְһ찲˽ܰٶǮҲûӸɡ
ʼ磬һ޿κεӡ
֮ǰҴ˸绰˵иҰһ¡
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׻ǮҲҲּҵĹ˾ֻͿӰ׻֪ͼһʡ
Լϼ͸졣
ʲô˼ûӦ
ҵġ
Ϊ뿪ܵܣһ뾡취Ŀ꣬ϼ
ȻֻҪԼûԼϼϢֲʵϰȻԸͳþͻѧУ
··һһ꣬ſڷһƿ˼֦ʮµ޻
뵽ֻһ⣬ǷǳȥȦӮġѪ߹ȥǼ֦޻
ǸʮҵŮӣС߸͹ûþҪˡ
Ѽ֦޻ãָһƯĹƿ
ƿġ
˼գ˵ҪǮ˵ҪĥһԵĶʮǮߡ
ֻǲŵ¥£Ϳֺձһõ壬Ҳ֪ãһ֣۾һ˹
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ֺע⵽ϵĶ
ʲô޻ʮ⣬ϲ
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Ҳͣ˾Ƿˡ֮󣬰׻۾͸ҷϢ˵ˡ
׻Ǹȶأ˵ʲôʱ͸ŪļƻΪ˱ηܵ˵ʵ
Ҳ֪ΪʲôͻȻôңλ˼ҲΪ㲻ҡɿĿһۣ䡣һһ£ֺգǺĺ㽻
ұҲΪȳһŹ㡣ǵĿЩƬʱҷûС͵͵һѺȼ󡣡رˣȻͺҷ֡ҲʣͻһֱңҾͿԸԼûг졣
С
ſǻǺ޹ġһѣҺСû˸ףֱĸĸҲ㲻Ϻã֪һӶô޹ôһļͥ
ֺգҲġΪ˺ӣǷְɡ
ôĳȫ˵ôΪǵĻӦûɲ˰ɣ
Ҳֵġ

ǺֻǸ⣬ûֻ֯Ҷ԰׻ûаʼհĶֻ㡣һð׻۴¿ʼòã
ǵһʶƵģֺջĴͷſһ顣
ԭΪֺնǿȺͷЩڵ֣Ϊ߳ŭԹ˲ϰ׻ۺĺӡһһΪ˵
ûĲ˰׻ۺͺӡ
ûа㵱Ϊʲôһһεĸϴأ
ԳֵĻ


 16 

ȥףȥɷ硣Ҹһ˾ͷֺͰ׻˯һ𣬲÷Ķˡ
ҲҸ㣬Ҳ׼㡣ֺƺݣ˵Ƕ϶һ
ĿתĿ
һ⣬ôأ
ֺճĬͼ͵ֻǽ󣬽˶ѡѺĸ˵ĺأڸͣ˵Լ
ûסЦ˳
ͷеһõ壬ɫΣǰŮĻŭŵӣЦᶼˡ
ģĺֺմû
ʶĺʼնƽ⡣κκ¶󷽵ݣᷢʧ˷ִķʮЦ
İһ뵽İΪЦڳֺ߳ŭЦʲôҪһֱҲ̲ס
Ļû˵꣬õݺˤڵϡõ廨ۣϡﻩһءԶ·˷׷׿
һ뿪ʼҸûκιϵ㲻Ҫٳǰһöģ
ͷܻᣬһݾ͹ţź»˫ϥԼһš
ŵĶС䴦ղųԷСĽ͵ӵ¡Ͻ˦ϵˮܳ
ôôˣ
һۿڵϣСǻˡ
չȥС.ַϥϣûоܾ˼ŵӰ˰§ڻʣʲôˣ
û˵
ǲʵڶ飬Сһĸźĵĺ󱳡
Ҳ֪˶ã
Һֺշˡ
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ֿ϶ҪֵġֻǡЩ˵
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ΪʲôԴȻĸ˵ֻһߺһߺͱŮ˷й.ȫӰǵĸ飬Կڿ˵氮
ֻʲôʡ
ֻҲףҵ״һ㣬ų죿
һ㡣һ⻰۾̵ɴ󡣡Ҽסˣ˳ǲҪɵģ
ΪһֱûԼ𣿡ֺ˵ô϶ʼԼˡûô֣ǲǾû׻۵£ĿԺֺߵ
ѽļˣôô밡˭Ĺ˭ȫȫܺߣҪԷɣ˵ˣ˸Ů˲һǸͿƲסԼǶ⣬ȫƾ飬Ů˲һ鲻Լ
˿ˮƣ˿
ǻǲģ룬ʣֺ˵Ϊ㲻𣿡
ͷ
Уǰû뵽ǿƤ澹ֻɫҪΪģԺһһһ򱶵ģ
㼪ԡ
磬ǼʵҼܶʱ˯Щǡ
ͺͬôã˵鲻ر˽⻹еġʧӣǵһμ
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ǸAһ£ƾһžѵջȫУŮ񡣳ʵѧɼȫԺһѧרҵγɼһ֮⣬ѧУȫĴССıֻҪμӣһý
ʵֵ棬һֱŮĽͼʵĶ󡣵ˡһֱš

ǰʱ˳Ĳݮϴɾ˺űǩںһ´ܿ
ѵʱѾ㣬յ¶ȿһ㣬ϰ˾ű˯˯һӵĺ
ȥıŮʮHelloKittyԴʧЦ
ϴĲݮҪԵŶйѡ
ϴ˰ͷԹԲݮݮ𣬸ͷһһûһͱԸĨ
俴̨̨ϵĶ⣬ͻȻǼ֦޻
Ĵһ¶ûҵϸ룬ﱧŵģֺȥ¥ĳΡ
ӹõʱ˳ְǷࡣֱܻˡ
¥ȥҡ
ȻһƬտգƬҶӶûС֪˭ȥ
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ǣ룬ҲãȻһ뵽ֺգõ塣˱һɶǿϧ˵͸ǸƿӣһƬ⡣
·ߣû뵽һˡ
Ƚһٻһ飬ЩȣôѧУûȥʵϰ𣿡
￼еĵȥģǵúûб
ȥ˵೤Ҫ𣿡ķдſ֡
š
˼粢¥ݡ
ûһ೤ѧУ

ͬרҵ𣿡
Ҵ翼ѧ
ѧԾ೤뵱ʦ
𣿡Ƚһٻü
ǣ͵û뵽ôԶ
ߵȽһٻſڣҪ˵ټȽһٻ
Ĺ˱ףмʵǼٵġ˺ü죬ѰǮġҵȻ͸תȥ
һ˵һʼЩԾû뵽·תԭô¡
һ岻СĿȻҪʱǮѴ˹Ǹʱ򣬺ҲǷǵҪɣڡ
ԼŰɣ͵л𡣡תҪߡ
СȽһٻں溰
תҲյġ
Լᣬûҵ޻ʵڹµýｽ˵ˮ̨ͻȻˡһ
ǡ
æϴݣ̹ͷߵֻȻһš
ͷһֻ˶΢šԶʱŴǰϰߡ
ûбעһϤĺ롣
סԺˣҴǮ
仰һղԼܾȽһٻһʱġоүˣһ
㿪ֻв¿ɢɢһֻǧ࣬һ붼
ЩǮȶת˹ȥǱ߷ţøǮ
ŷ꣬ſ̾һ
ʧ٣ֺշ֡˶ÿǡ
ǹϵûõԽôǮ
ࣿ
УûڸС
ŪǮأ


 17 

⼸ĺ⡣
յĺ飬Ѻͬ޸ġֻȫöǩϴг̾ͿԽر
Ǹ͵ˣʣӰ˵ͨͨΣһA档ȵѽеļȥˣȥ˳
ڴ֮ǰֻ㱨λƧԭҲи׼浽һӻǳϡ
Ϊ˵͵ûθ׼ĳһݵ͵״⡣
˾ʦһҪȥĿ˿Ĵţ˺ͳʲôϵ
˳ڿƯĻҳʮȷŲȵAУΪ＾ɳı
ڱǴܣɵһߵ̻ɫɿ棬󲿷ֶªֹ壬ͷβΨһһ޺ƵƾȻһҴꡣ
ڵװ֣ûбĻһۿȥ̫ƽĹС
ȥǱ·ߵ˹ȥ
ǰһɳӣ˼ϡ֮ǰʱżȥйڳװõпϡ
ǰԭ̬ʮϵʽǵһμ
˵ӺǼΧһ˿˵Ĵ󺺣ŰӣŴãһ˿ƣֵȥ
ע⵽ɤʣֵܣϰ
˷׷׿
ǲޱ߷ɢ⣬һӺڵķһ˻۵ģһ㶼⡣
ʹģЦŵ˸ͷǰô
桭򰡣ϰ߹
סĶˣ±ϻƣƽʱƽʱҶһг롣˵ĳ⳵һǾע⵽ˡ
˵һ³ƺӿɾűӣ¶ʡ
ôһ䣬Ϊ˴ȤһͲ˭뵽Ӧˡ
϶Сһ˲ãϰ壬ܸܲһ룿ɿɨһΧֻһװǮľһɫϴûĤǹʵ
ǿɲУҶΪ㻵˹ءϰһֵ˵ߡ˵ҲûĤûװ
ǿ治ãΪѵ̾˿ϰԹϷŵϣʧЦʱҪ˵ˣ᲻ᱻ
ϰ壬㿴òˣֺܿʣܲܰˣҸһԣ͵ҵĿ͡
ҵĹǳԣϰе¡
ԣ軨׷𡣡
ǮܳԹϡϰ嵱Ȼ֮ͳǼ£ǸϸѡĹϾͱж顣ȻƤ죬Ҳ١
̫ɹҽϰкԡ
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һλֵòһϣɴһԡģãϰкõһţ͡
һƾָպýʡϰǸСˣƣøиϡ
кõҶ˾͡ȳڲŷӦǱģæڵлллֵܰ
۾Цһϡ˿˴ʵӣҲôԣô϶ǩųԣֱҧŪﶼ֭޴¿ڡ
ԥ䣬Ǹ䲻̧ͷ
죬ѧǵӣڿʼСˣ˶˵ڶ顣
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Ҵ¶֪˭𣿡ԱϵûĿġ
ӣƣʲô
Ҵڳһס
䣬˹Ц
ûɣȻڳӣ
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ӣҲȱǮǮȥӰɡ顣
Ƕһһ˵꣬˵˵½ϷӶҪǨⲻǮǴûˣŪ׷ӡ
Цͣ
Σ̯ϰ˴֣۴ȵĴչֵܡ˵ģ𣿳ҪǨ
ЩǨ忰
ģûҪƭǡ
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Ÿչϣʹһƿˮʪ졣
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ˣĥߴҲ¡
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ˡεͷϼܣˡһ˸ƨ
Цȥɫȥϵͼͼҽõү֡
ҪҰ𣿡
ָŮˡΪĵһڹ˽öʮ棬ŮϵŵÿԼޣѽܣܶʱ򶼻ǰȥ׼
AЩӣæȹӣûҹˡ
ʮֺ
ôãҸġǸ绰һ£һһرû˼ٵȡ
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 18 

ණ꣬ǺĸٻµĶӣĸʱѾʮ꣬ǧŰסֻ⺢ƽһ֮סԺ
ʮ걻ĸʱĸһЩС⣬㲻ȻҲȥѧ
ֻ꣬ʶһعѵŮˣ͵͵һûþ͸˺ӡ
ޱȿӵԼĹѪƺĻص顣ĸҲ۸ӣ˻ϵףݡ
ȵ¼ٻؼңѾ֤
ϲͶ¼ҵĻ·Ůһ仰ûĸҲͻȻûЦʮĮ
û£߿ӿAĸ˵һѧѣ漴ٻµļͥӡ
ŸֽͲڹѧһߵ⸱ء
ǰһΣΪհණ׸Ⱦصͽ֢໤ҡ
ĸĲУ֢໤һüǧĻֲ˶ãͶҽϣĸ˵绰
ʵԲѾ꣬ϵԶAУǸѧеòǮ
ǰˡ
ֻҪǼҲǸмҵˣĸΪϲԼѧͲļΪҽҩѳͷ
Ҳһ
ֻﱸע㡯˷΢ţɲԹȥ
æһСʱſҲɴֱ࣬Ӳ˵绰
绰Ƶ绰ʱ޷ߡΪ˷㣬öɺ޷ͷߣ˺棬ֻ¶Ķͷ
Ƶת绰ˡ
㣿
ҪǱӣصɤҪ
￴һۣգûз͵ڵһͷҲ֪㿴ϡ
ͷ
δ㻹һͷĶ鷢ֻ֮ǰǳɫڷβȾ˾ƺɫ
ء
ŴĻ棬ϸۣۡ
򴽣΢΢һЦ
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϶ߵͨﰲˣҲǽϣͳһ̵ȼ
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ҪǮ⿿ƾ׬ûҪ̨
üһμ֪ǸвĺӣֻҪúáһ׼תӯ
˼ƫƫAĸ߲ǰ;Ҫ˷ʱ䡣
̨ҲУҪŮɵ·ƵںԴϴ˸ת
ĳʶƫ崿һң֮ǰΪɫķΧŨױĨԸ硣
Լ˽ģôӰװ˷ѣĲ̡úõһ

ˣҪͷЭΣǼһǮһɱ˲գ۵У亮ˡ
˵ˣ·ôֲûcosplayľƣ롣

ʱ򣬷kfcӻᡣǰ΢ţԲԣԵĻһȡ
ֻҪ̢һݮʥ
¶ȸߣʥ˲٣һ͵ݸ
ԣȻˣ
һСһСš
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ǰ׻۰ɣ˸Цû뵽һ˹ӿ
˵ǲǸ塭˼ϴβСֺմ绰֪СȥͲϣͽ˵Ҫѧȵݵʱ׷ô
ź̢һƲһֱΪʶأԭ֪Һѡ
ô˵ģ
˵ʲô֪ʵˣʱע㡣
ô˵վںһߣܲ׿ڸ߶Է˵ΪʮġôشǾԲġ
Ӧû֪ҺֺշˡȻ͸Ϣҫˣӷ򡣡˵Ҫѧ
ǰ׼ӡ˵Щпģǻƽҵڣһȫˡ
Ƶѧԣѧ·ŮеۣһһҪͨԼŬ˵԰׻Լǰ̵ΪЩɸ֡
һֽ̢ϵۡʣµǸƵǸǰ£ƻز޹ܹ˵Ѿȥʵϰˣ֤
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Ȼôϲֺգ׻һʧġ
ߵ룬򳵵ɫſڡ
ɫδȫġĻҹûĻܱ˿̻ȴѲ졣
·иүװֳϷŲӣгĲܺ͹ܹϡA4Сֽд3Ԫһ顣
·վʮӣǰֻһͣѯǴү²ʣû
绰û
һ߽һ߽ɫ
ſԵеʮ⡣
֮ǰװһΣ¸·ҲطŹ㡣ĸ첲˵ܵĽһ㡣
ȥ˺󳡵Ļױ䣬Ȼǰкܴĸı䡣ûţп·
˵ǻ볡ʱ䣬ɫŮ˶ں̨ױ˹ױͣ˴ֿ
㣬ˣ˵˽зƷƣ¡Ϊһ¶۹ھҵ¸ߣ˵Ҫ˶˼ֵ
㲻ԸӣûһֱźȺһŵĻױ̨ǰԸױ
ִ
пЦҪĹǺЩ⣬ǽϿ
鼫õİһ溫һҷ𵽶󣬴յ˵ҵſĳɼʧ
ĺ򣬳ЦЦ
СһΣƷ
ƷһںҪϲҪ²£Ưɫй涨Ʋܷ˻Ҫӵҵһɸˡ
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ҵã֮ɫҲûˡƷһΪֲû뵽˵ͱ䡣
֪ˡƷһЦۼ˺һۡ
׼һŮɵ·¼任ϡ
·ĲϲҲ࣬¶ĵطû¶¶һ㶼
·ǺɫĨصʽ׺˲˿ֻϷǽͬɫ̿㣬иȭͷСİɫëβ͡һɫƤȦмһɫĺᡣ
صǴͷϵǸö࣬䣬ʮ֣ȻСұƵĴ¡
һʮ⣬۾Цеġ
ƷƲмһĽʺ޵Ŀź鲻Ըĺ
˵룬ʼϱȳ
½½ɢͣż˳ɰġŷƷȥ˼˵ģƷƲҵһÿ˹Цת˲ȥ١
һȣǸ˵ư͡
Ĭĸ棬ֻϷžƵʱŷá
ۣͻû˻Ĵڡüλɺľͷһشһһۣǵһ˿ȫޡתͶƷƵĻ
֪ʶȤĲ˼
ôȤҲ֪ͼʲôƳһȦ˻ص󳡡
ԣĬ˸ղȥľˮȡﻻһ飬һСʱѾ׬˼ƻ֮һ
߼ΣǮ͹ˡ
ţƷȴ֪ܻһץĸ첲Ǳߡ
һ˺üͣ˹ȾƣñûȥǸϽռϣ


 19 

һɫİᣬһΪɫλ롣
ŷƷƵſڵʱǡżλǧĹһ۾˲ˡ
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Ųؽ䣬鲻ԽϺ̿β֮͡Уһ黹񫣬ɴȦ
Ȼһ´½һ
ս䡣Ⱦľ㣬ʣôɫ
Ǽְ
ȱǮ֣֪𣿡
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ôһ˲䣬·沶׽һ˿⡣
Ҳֻһ˲
̨𣿡


 20 

Ǽͳ׷ֻ˳½ԡ
ȻAʱһֱס䲢ңĺۼ
ͷϺҷ̺ʹǺʶӡңҲûʵʵϣͷ䡣żҲڴϿӡ
ڴߣḧīɫỬϡ
һǽ֮ԡԼԼˮĻǼϴ衣
һϴǺܾˡΪϴʱ򣬺úô
Ǳ߻ҪܸϢԭӳİţſͼطꡯ
ȥ֪Ǳߵưܣľ붼ЩµɢԱʱóҸʧԼͼ
ƾżμ͸ϴװԵ֣ʵЩʲô
˭뵽
Ī˫۾Ի񣬹ʹƵ꿪
§߳ʱӭͷ㡣
Ѱȥ˭ϼڼ࣬ʮ𾪣漴һʮοĿĿ뿪
һ룬ûʧĿˡ
ԡĥɰĲţɫ㱡
ġҪϴ
ֺһ궼²ģͼż˼棬ͱŹ˼Ҫô̶
ȷʵȤô׵ľ͵õˣǲһҹܸ֮·һ
ľС
ĥɰŴһžડ̧ۿȥ
˵ʢʱڣϴΧһԡ͹ˡǼʱܻ˽һЩǴ˿ԡۡ
Ǿƺɫġ
ͷʪţëͷϡ͸ëķ϶ֱԴ
ͻȻҪߵǰƽӡЦҰԼúϴһ飬Ů˵ĺۼûˡأ
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ŵץס
αϣЩŭͼľڣҪľһм䲻ʵӰ顣
ôˣʡ
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ǵһΡ

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졣

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Ǹ᲻˭Ͳӵ绰ˡ߼Ϊһ¿ֻҪȥ񣬱ְ˹ȥ
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סŹ֡
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ͻȻ˿ãһ
ܣܣ𣿡һһߺ
Ŀѱ϶ѣȥţȻ˯
д¸ҡţŻŵΡ
ܣηġ˲ŵĺ˵绰ͻȻ赹ҽԺȡҶһ˻رĺ࣬ǸϽ߰ɡ
Ѹץ¼ϵ·ҴϵϿӡҪԸΣʰתͷϵĺű
С죬۽ʪ
˼룬ͳ֧Ʊߡ
۰ɡοֱʡֻҪֵ̫֣Խܡ
һֻץűǣһֻڼĵط߬ȭ
ҲҪǮ۾˵
Ҫʲôͷ˱ʡ
Ҫһݱʵϰ
ſڵȻ˫ۣСϿһۡżôãôŮˣͷһμҪ
¶һЦЦģӡΪһ㶼͸
ûشĴ·źʰüƷ
ںΪ𸴵ʱԸŵǸˡ
ΣƬ
ǰͻȻ뵽ƵģѺ
˳ҩ


 21 

ڶŻصѧУ
ôֻΪѵʱѾһ㡣
ֻŮɵ·ϴ滹пԭ涼ˣٴʵ߳ܡ
ֻøǰ̨绰Ǹü·Լˣڣǰ̨̬ȼѣСʱ͸
ϴŮɵ·ӽͰȹ뿪
ϻУĹóƬ
ҵֻͨѶ¼֮ǰļдĺ룬һȶԣȻһ
ģԼ˽˺š
αɿӹĽ־΢΢
ֱʱų侲ʼ̡
˼ǡ
Ϊʲô˼֧Ʊ
侲ĺ޷Ϊҵһɡ
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ֻҪ˵ԼҶ벻ܾǽһʲƵǮƣԽණĲǮǮú
ΪʲôʧȥǵҪһʵϰ
ȥôǼĴӪǱһкܶĺ֪ȥҲֻɲ׺һڣܼܲǵǸδ֪

Լħˡ
Уſվ³ûмŽѧУУſ෴ķȥֵսǼҸϴꡣ켸ûϰµ̱ڹ̨׷硣
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ƵװȫֻǼ򵥳˸衣صᣬЩˡЩеĵط΢΢ɬ˵˱ƤǩմŵƲãЩۡ
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ΩΪԭ˾ĻʱѸٹ̣ݶҡĶӼͺ43λִƼϲ7꣬ͱΩԾӪƵȥΩٶȳɽݵ״̬صϡ
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첻һҵʦֶҲر˧һС磬գգۡ

·ڷϱ˱ȣұɫȹ
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һ춼ˣҸʮ֮ڣҪ뿪AС

лҪ˵Ǻй

 22 

룬ɻء
үӵĲ飬VIPͨϹӵĳԸ˾ֱȥҽԺ
˷ɻһֱ˯ʱʱѯ顣
ǰүӻѵңҲһֱãôͻȻιȥ
ͷ󺹣ϸǣ֮ǰԸ£ҽԺҪһʱϵҽӵԺĵ绰Ҳԭ򡣲ͣ룬˼ӲͷƤ˵ҽԺǱһ䣬ǺһҽԺġ
οļǼĸסͺԡ
Ҳ˵ܴĿԣүģ
۾˵ԼĲ²⡣νŵĲҶԣĬװ˾ǰͲöԼĶ䣬ڷ
ӻҽԺҪСʱ֪Լϰϲ˵ʵﵣĵĺܡǼ˾ʹɫٿ㡣
˾ǼͼҵԱβ졣һʼϳգ۾Ϊʮֲ⣬Ϊ۾ʲôëΣ͡˾ŻȻļӴš
Сʱ̳ɲСʱ
˵ǣҽԺ·ڵʱνӵҽԺĵ绰˵ѾΣգҲ˹
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үΪͺԵԵʣһֱͳл˽ӡôһֱʣϳǼͼҵˡ
ͻȻĿڷܲǶͼ˵ݡ˵ûнףǲܡ
ִӦһĹɷݣδԼӪĸ档
ǡһЦŵĿżүӡͷһξˣѾʼͿ һŶٹɷݣһġ
ӪܲλȥʱҲôģհ⼸˽µĶԽԽҪѹţɶһ𣬱λ
˼ͳлԣѵʱ˹Ħվӷֳɣ¼ϵ𣿡
ǹƽԼ㡣Ω̾˿˵Щγ
ʹˣԸǰץһ²š㸸ĸһĶԹӰˣҲӰ쵽Ͼ޹ġ
޿̵վһ˼Ҷ˵СӴӣһû˵˾ͺͿˡ
Ҫ޻˵ҪŪڽľ
ٶһ룬תҪߡүӱڴĶ˵ҲϹԹԽ飬˵һı⡣
ܡû湻

ͺԸѾ뿪š
ĳϣϷЯıʼǱڻظϵʼϰɫãæվ
ܣո½ܹˡʵҸ˵˵ʱٹ
½Ӱˣ
ǣ½ƺºСˡ
üϴ½ӰĻȫûȥ𣿡
¥
ߵԣİȵĹУү˵Ļ
飬ӣ
˭
үӺͿûˣ
ε¥Сʿ½Ӱλáû߹ȥͼͳº粢żĳ˳
Ӱ˳㶪ºһϽʧ
½ӰºŅ̀߹үֿ½ӰȰܳºһ
ɫÿü۽ǽǲˬҲ壺ðС㿴ûԵ
½ӰȻʧЦĿΣѯʷʲôüү˱ꡣʼ磬Ҳ֪
ºϵͬѧѳºתѰ
½Ӱδޡ
ͻݡһμôͻݵδޣչδǰСˡ޿κθۡ
˵꣬ʶ
ôͻݵŮǵһμ
ǸС׻ҲΪǿѿѡ
һ˾԰ɣС׻Ҫ󣬳ǸϽ¸ˡ
ţȤĿǰû漰ҵ
ʵϰλãҰŸˡ


 23 

ʱ˿̣Բ뵽¿๤ΪβϣѪȫ׷ѣ
˵ʵϰ٣ǲǼϣһҺĶ˾
֪Ϣǰãոյ׻۴ʮԪҰհ׻۵Ҫ뿪ĳƱ׻۲ͼȥ
ЩֺռͷǼ˵ʰһЩ涩˾Ƶꡣʮ򣬻Ǯûǰô᲻á
Ҫ׻۵뿪AУΪ߷߲ƽǵߣƻֺյĸ飬Ƿֻ㣿ڻҪ뿪С
ҲȫΪչռҵרҵкüͬѧȥ˱ʵϰû˵׻۸Ǯֻ˵׻۶ģ뿪Aвٳֺǰ
ǱƯܿģ㳤ôƯһİĳй¿һʲô¡ʶ˶ûС
Զһʧ󣬷ΨһһĹˡ
еźȥæֺʱ̻Ƶ˼˿ûע⵽ͬһͷʵҵѡ
һע⵽˵ܽһѡ
٣ǾԲ
ֺճ׻£̵ĵһӦһֱʾٳǣĻʮֿ£ȴ˼ôϸ֦ĩڣΪֻҪз˹첻ʲôԭзĴ
˺Լûί
ȷһֱʾ׻ۣ̼ȡֺաֺճ޷Ƶģļᶨľܾ˰׻ۡ
ĿԺͷϡ
˵ǰ׻ֺգ˵Ǻֺǰ˸С顣ˡ
ģмϵĸͬѧڱû˵ôοҪֺգ˵ȥʵϰȥҲ֪
.
ŵԤľƵָ꣬ĸǱתȥ˰Ǯ֮ǰܸ˵ҪһžʹǮҪǲһǶͿˡ
ʵûôɵΪԸһֱҪҲ̡
ڣ֮ǰɢɢļΣ͸ղŵİ򣬺ǰǰһĸСʮ
꣬ҲͻôǮ
ǮѸ壬ʹ˱
ţСֻ㿪΢š
΢ŵöֺգɾ˺ԭڶöĶ̱˵һ
Ҳ֪ôģת˵ʧ΢Ųȴûɾ
Ҫ뿪Aˡ
ģɵĻ˵ԭҲ˵ȥĶ
ʮӣǱ߻ûҲ֪ûһ㶼Ը˵
ʧı죬ɡȥǼҳꡣ
ĸ죬ƺƴ󡣵ͣûλãĳ·ߡ
ɡڳ복֮СĴһ·ϹĺӾͿʮҪôһʳҪôŴ˵·֡
Щӵļҳ
Ҳ˵ȶȣŽȥֵĸûע⵽
ϰûװޣﻹԭĲá
ҳźվǰЩèеĺӪյ˼ιǡЩ˳ɣɰϲǵúǲϷ̾
ü˾ܲסӵѡ˳ȥˡ
Ψϵһɫʽ򣬺е֣ͼһкӪȥȴè䷢ŭĺ
кס˶ܵĸߴޡ
¹͵ĳԱæͣ˺һҳǸ
Ȼô׵ĶüӻһèսҡΡ
ȴֻץסϴԧۡ
쳤һЩССһţһ࣬Ŀ⾯衣ŵĶèֻ۾Ŷ˶һûצӵԸ
˵Ǳġ
һָŵ˷϶䣬̹ըë档
ԱЦֻèúƯƢá֮ǰкܶ˿һӽͱˡ
˶ָԱֹȴ𾪵ĿֻСèһĹԣֱź
ףͱ˺һԱ棬ƺҲֻèмӣ飺Ҫɣ
Сڵû˸׽ʱʱͱĳܣܸϽ߾͸Ͻߡ
ϲè
Ŀǰ
ǵһʱ䡣ȹЩٽߡڱٺˣٰӹȥ
Ա죬ҧҧӦ
չ˲ģһ˲ٳƷ͵͵ԱתǧǮһҪģʱʱƬƵ
ԱǮЦĺͰףű֤
еĵһֻĳǶҲǶ̺֮һ֤
.
ϣյεĺ롣
Դˣ֮ʮֻϲ
ߵĵһԴʵϰ⣬ʵǴСá
ǲǿԼ֤Լһرģ
СãʵϰѾϡ֮鶯Ϸ˾зԭʦһְְ𣿡
֮顭
ɵַۣ̰ŵ
ҹ˾ҵں˵ֻӡҹ˾ϰ岻֣ǰʱ˹˾
ͼʲôϵ
ϣϢú⡣
ͷ֮鱻չQ.Lſ̡
¹š
ĸҲһ飬һгŵĹȥҳ㿪쵼һ
һλһİӢס
½Ӱ
ΪʲôǼ
ƻֱңյİͷųһšȥ˱ڱŵ˵Ĺ˾Ǹû˼Ļᡣ
֪֧Ʊˡ
Aͷĳɼרҵһ㲻Ҳڱҵһݲʵϰ
֮ڣΪľϡ
͵ɷʴס
µҲֻӲͷƤǰˡ
ĻӢףǺͼȫͬͣͨɣϹЦ⣬ôȼǿ
ôһ룬ŵ˼ҹ˾ƺҲûʲô
ֲǷɡ
ΨһϧǣĿ꣬ϵͿˡ
ΪԼȡһ£ǣںﱱĵڶ죬Լ˳
βԸϰŮ֮£֮ǰɵֻΪЩСͻоϰ棬һЩôͷַѡ
Ҳûʱ
һ뵽ϰ̬ȣܾԺڡ
ûеϸϵŮˣ֪ϰ꣬һֱҵĶرƯġҪ̻ؾϰ֮ǰϰߣʱһ֧ƱԸ㶨
Ů˲ҪǮҪһʵϰʵҲûʲô֮ǰûŮ˵ŲҪǮʵܹݣͼԴϰע⡣
ûһɹġ
ǶкŮϰȻĸ˹
һŮͷһ⡣
ԺϰôڣԸѱѺϡ
ѡݵʱ䣬͵͵
С㣬ʲô£ι¹ѯʡ
ǳǳЦ£ŵĴӰó׼õ.ƹȥ
ɻ
ſжʮֵ֪һᣬѾóȫˡ˵ϡ
ޱ飬˵ꡣ
Ǯһ˴ŵæ
ʲôæЩ飬ҪôһǮæô붼ɡ
ҺʵĻᣬڼǰҡ                        
лҪ˵Ǻʮת۾ͻꡣ

 24 

᲻úײǡ
ʲôְλʲô룬һСǮ򶯲ʵҪڼǰ˵仰Ժ
ʮöµ
ζƵֱߵĿ̧ͷ˿ĺϸĹ۲òʣжС
ɬһԶģʶأ使ĸоһһ䣬ݲ˵ľ
һͣɫ
С㣬ָſϡǮˡ£Ҳ졣ܰ쵽һҪ
ʱҲԼϰæΪϰЩľٶԭǰ֪¡
ϰһͷβˣǰ顣
ܵ仰Ѿ֪㡣
뿪󣬺һһȻͨ˿нĵ绰
ü춼סƵꡣ֪ʵϰĹ˾ְλϿ˺üⷿ¡
ȴ绰΢ģ⼸ĸо̫סÿѯһЩ⣬Է˵ĺ
һȥġɴǶɾˣתн顣
нٶȷǳ죬ȦķΧһĸӡ
磬н鿴ӡ
ȥ֮鹫˾ֻСʱֻһվһҡ
׻ʮ򻨵Ĳˣ»ָǰľߣⷿһʲС֧
ԼףѺһϾûǮˡǴʵʳһеĴԡֱסһһŮʱǲڡ
ǩúֳͬʱȥ˸̳˱Ʒʰһ£ŻؾƵꡣ

ڶŵ룬ְ֮
֮Ƕҵľͷ֮һÿӯŴ¸ߡȻڱиõóֵ棬ʮд¥ʮ㶼֮ӡ
֮ǰϰǸʮˣʱԶһһıйĶҵȻʱ룬ȴ귢Ծɫ
ǰ.ţ֤ȷ䣬ۼ֮ͣƷһǧɣ¹žʱ룬
ǰ̨ǼǺԱ߽֮ڲ
Էܼİ칫ң;о칫򡣸ӼʮԱͷɣע⵽̧ͷľһֵۣͷæϵĹ
ΧͺеĴྶͥľ͡
΢üͷڼܼǰһ룬Ѹ沿顣΢ЦŴк
ܼǸʮˣͷ΢ͺǰɣ˽ˣ㣬רҵƷӲԭҰ㰲ŵ¥зA飬ڸһܼĿȱˡھʹȥ 
ܼ·ƬӼʱ̧ͷ˾Ͷˡ
ǲɫĴ
ϣһ֪¥ϵĹΧ¥ȫһΪŵſڵλãһףһȺۺɫ㡣
ҡͷβ׹׹ȥ
ܼһֱףЦŽ͵鳤ԼǮģ˾ãǵ˵㼤УܴƷһǩŪ˸Ը顣ôˡ
ӣ鳤ǸȤ쵼
һ߽ܼ֣˵ע⡣
һ£Aͬ£A߲ʵϰǶչˣúദ
Ӵ콵ϲAȻˣһŹͷ˳ȥЦЦȻˡ
ҽн⺽Aԭ裬ԽС⡣ҽܡ
ʲôС⣿ûܼ˵˼Ҹձҵô㶼ˣԱһ̷ŮȲ̨գAԭƣ꣬սС
⺽Сʵ϶ʮˡֱӺ־ͺãվһ߰ŵŮҦմ¥ĿǰA
Ҧͷʾ⣬ƺ岻̫ãǸĳЦЦ
鳤أһȦܼ෢ؼ˲ڡ
鳤ȥˡ졣
ܼ࿴ֿ˿иҪˡֱӵ칫ҵָָұߵķ䡣ʲôõ£̸
˵Ҵ¥
̧ҪǱߣɵĺסһ£µķۣ鳤Ƣãôϲ˲ȥ
ллѣܼҽҵֱƿ˽ȥ
ԡ
.
½ܣʲôϵ
λ鳤İ칫ӣڰ˵
˵λʮҵ鳤ƢĲ̫ãžµױݣϴһĴָСè۶׹ϴĳһߴһװ
һһʳ⡣

ǿû̻شλ鳤˵ȥ
ҲˣAײˣһĸ滹һմ¥ϵġ˫ֽ棬֧򦣬ʮ㡣
Ҳε½ʲôϵԿڰ㰲Ź֮ˣǧҪA鶪
ܼ˵ҵƷҰŹġû뵽½Ӱסġ
ǣ鳤һְۣһν̸㣬HRĻҪš

ƷҶˡͳһɫӡֽţǺڼĻϸϻкܶ覴ãӮԭԡ
˻һҪ֪ǿЩƷϣҲ½Ӱӵġ
֮Ϊǰϰ£ڱʽǰԽ֧֮ĹڣԽסô౻棬ûA顣
ΪֻҪA黭ȥģΪ䡣
鳤˹˵֡ţȻǶϷмľ䡣
Aæ˾ƵĶˡмҪɫB黭˶˹ϤAĹΧ״̬ԭꡣ
á

°ǰԭУþ޷԰Ρ
ͬһʱ̣ڵһʽԢɳϣֹصӵбԴ̱µ
ղˣû˵ʲô˵һ顣
ë׵ĵ̺ϣϥһ㶼ʹװһܲ۵ӣΪϲ
٣һˡСĿ
ʮֲ⣬ôкأÿζҩġ
ǸɷǳõˣÿζСһαһθ
Ψһ㲻ãףֻÿҩڿ챨档
պһʱֻһʱ䣬õҪľ籾ˡÿιԹԳҩԷ⡣
ӳˣı㲻ܿƣ˼ٳҩʱͿʼԥ
йԹԳԵģҲƭ㡣ŲȱߣСſϥϡǻˣҳԵҩϸҩЧ㡭Ž͡
ҲϹԹԽ飬˵һı⡣
үӵĻġص̾һ
̧°ͣ˲ᡣҶˣʡ
ˡ˸¡
ͷҲýˡ
ɫ֣Ҳĺӡ
ָϣ˵ȥҪԸҲҲϣһǮ
ңŵĿΪʲô
ûĮĳŵϥǣӱóһޱ֣λȥ鷿
һ룬֪ͨΡ
ˣɾٸҸԵŮ

 25 

ְӦ㲻
һڣ鳤ͬڽ˾һһͬѵ죬Ϥ֮Ĺƶȣŵ˻˸졣
Ȼ˾°͵ʢһصĹ
ѡˡŮһŵƽ
ĵһİŶԭӡ̡
²ر𳤣һΪȻꡣƶСׯĸ׺Ͳĸסһ˹ƶ֪㳣ֵӡ
żȻһ죬һڻķ˶Ŀݾð϶ĿȻ½ӽԵɺϱŮḽ˹ϴٴׯ̤֮ãһ·ϻ֣塣
µŮһš
ǰ֣һֱûоòڡȻ˳Ըý⣬
ֻǹ½еһ룬Ϊ˾Ȼ⣬ҷʧǰһ뿪Ȼ壬ӡ
һĻ߷Ϊ䣬ͶƱгΪƱġС˵ͷ¹⡱
ˡϢһϹ̽־ͼѡ
Ϊ̫Ҫ鳤һֱѹûûȸҪС
Ųý⺽𾪣Ҳúܳ
»ãƴǡ鳤һ仰Ͱҭ˻㻭û˵϶ġ
ǵ˵ͷ̧ͷ϶ͣһһιճʱҳֻѼ̳֣̽ѴڶڴҪһ
򲻸ˣŬú˳
죬BǱѾùꡣæϹһʱֻ֮յĶ
ͻȻժ˶ֻкǣǿȥ΢ˡˣ
ô죿֮ǰ˵Ͷʷû̸ףĿô⺽±ʣһţӻߡ
ҿȻݣҺǰǡ
Ҧ廰˭⺽ѯʡ
ҺӺʶ
ǰĶӣȥƾһȲѸٱ죬࿡㣬ݼߡȦںպңõ
Ҧһʶ֡
⺽ץץͷɣǿư˵ûϹѧΪƯȦ֮ǰݵĶСɫ߶㲻ϣȻõɫ˼顭
ô֪պ档
֮ǰݹٳ١ũҹӵϷұֻ֤Ҫ
ղΪ⣬Ź΢ųĶױաҿƬûԶÿҲ֪ôѡ˵ǲǱ
˼ҶöҦĬĬԼֻ
⺽ȴ̺ճʱ䱳࣬㿴ٳ١һ飬±˲֪
㡪տҪһơҾǾòÿ᲻ֲôҪŮһƽ䵽ϣƾʲôҲܲ²ԭ򣿡
Ŀһ٣Աߵĺ˵ָźǸûһÿأ
Ҧ̽ͷҲôá
⺽ĵӰ֪Ŷױ޵ЩԵ˼١ⷴɿ˿һҺθɡĺΪĻ߾˵ˡ
ΪҲúÿ
ֻ÷˸İۣε̾˿һļ

.
Щ죬òɡ
Լϰ˵£Ʋȥпš⼸ѼǩֵĺϺĺͬ״ϣһЩôҪĹ½鴦ʱ䶼
Ǹ鷳¡
ȣͨϰգǸԱǹһ¾ͻᱻý޷Ŵ󣬵˵±ʲôֻǶһ²һ£¾Ǳ߱˽΢ʣܲͱ𱬡
ε˼һǮתУ˳Ȧ͵ûб.һ˰ˡ
ϣҪѡ籾
ȸˡŮһš
ڶĺӡ
ȥAǰѾСⷽ棬˽֪Բӡһ̹ףͲҪ
εģ͵͵Ѻ
û뵽ǣõˡĺͬȥҽԺ̥Ҳģûƭˡ
󣬲θе鷳Ĳ֡
ϰҸԵŮҪôܲɵúȥ
ϣξûˡ
ջرүһʹ죬ʲܵпš
ǾϺ޸ҵĶŮǧ裬˺˳ûһͻСŮ˼
ɢģҲԭӲһ԰ľ
Ҫ޼ɰֵ״
˵԰ʦޡ˵ʲôҲԸ⣬˵޲׼ߡ
ֻôŵ˼룬԰ռһ죬ûĥݡȰҹ˯ˣ͵͵ǽٻ˱
һͺ½ӰȾƣֽһȺĲĹӸȵһ룬ųܵƽҲ롣
һ࣬ĹͲˡ
˼ԴŮģõóֵļ˹
½Ӱ¸½飬һҪƽԴȥȢţƶôȣΪս޴ȥŹ
۹ߣζһɨȥһϡ˺Ⱦƻﲻ§ŵɶôоŤ
ֻýȥ䣬δ˸绰ҵĹŮҵûУ
˵ûС
ͣԹС¶һЧʶûС˵ȾûˣϽ취Ҹ͹Ͳɡ
ε绰šһװ˼ӣ̽Ÿʼ֮ǰAйǸ𣿡
AУ
ǽ룬żһʼģǺǻԹԱŮˡ
ѣǳ˹챻ǿȶѡԭµѡȻ˯ˣǷ˰Ĵ㡣
öѵֻıѸ֣ġ
ɴ˯ˡ
Ҫܰйнˮ
ȾƣĲɣӦòò˼
Σõġ
˫нˮס


 26 

ӵε绰ʱڳ׼ڶ緹
Ǻ⣬䶼˹áԭ빫˾磬ڵһϵУһݾ굽ñʻ
һСʱ;ӶȥЩԵģһŷ档ֻûط䷭һɣȵڡ
ж¼ȥ˳һˣŷĹ
ȳֵʹóʱ򣬶ѾĿҪ鴤
æΪ˱ϺٴײǰѸеĶˣĶá
һ׺棬εĵ绰ˡ
ҾףΧȹǰĿڴͳֻ
ʱ绰֮ǰĽЧˡĹǡ
С㣬Ҹ㷢˸ַСʱ֮ڣܸϹȥ绰Ǳߣɡ
ժһֻףѸպ̨ϵʳ
˵پЩ𣿡ʡ
ܺѺȾƣû㣬㣬˵ԡû˵нˮ¡
һ䣬ͿȥôһȻ˯ͲϵûԸȤġ
ϲŮʲôĴ磿ѳʰãصԼ¹
Σ崿ʮһࡣ
ԼϰϲûǺģȻҲֳһЩԸлŮˣϻǮʱŮ˶СŮһġ
ʵĳʶܷ˵ʮģȻҲǮ
ǼΪʲôһ֮ûҹ
ʲô𣿡˼СŮʵ۷ɫɴȹֻӶֻһ㱡ɴᡣ
λ˵Щûŭ
ϲģӲǧͻȻ뵽һ䡣˱ȡ
ã֪ˡ
.
ʮӺ󣬺ϵθĵַ
Ǽ˽˻һӵСǽߣߵ彨ڱĵؽϣֵ͵
Ϊ۵ɫֻܹ㣬ȴռ˱͵ΪûƣŴֻվƷӦ
ǰкϼĴȻȥ
½ӰΧǰ齫Ҳ֪ôģĲ㣬һѶ
ƫżǸСȱң˿ѻһ̣
͸磬ʲôˣ첻аûһ䣡
һ˴һ˵ɾɫŶ죬һ䣬˺Ц
ΪǼ͸ûˣû죬ȥ͸ӵҩһ˰ԼĹķһơ
Цĸ
ǹһע⵽þµĸƵˣ˼ôһƣ˳ﵹȥ
Ѹ㿪һԿֵƽ⣬һצӸ˸ƽⷴӦ˰ģ
һżְƵһʼ˻
˵ǰѹﵱݰһ˳һùתȦ
һЦ
˵ڼ棬ţһЦһơҪü¼ͿŴ汻ƿ
һӰ˽
١˫ۣ鲻Խп
˳߿ȥ׷ͣ϶ֱӡ
ţµƣûע⵽б仯ƽø첲ʾ󿴡ź֪תͷ
٣˵ˡ
Ѻǰ
Ŀ䣬һδĿ䵽ļ򴦣·Ψһ˿ĵطְĿ䵽ϣͷЦ
ӣһȦǸﻰⶼŵ⣺ڲ࣬䡣棬˶ͷϣʧ㣡
󼸵ȵߣź̨Ǳߡ
ŶδǰһĻֱ죬һŴܵƵԼơ
٣ĶŪôһ.ﰡĵһûö١Ƶ̾˿
ŮƵģ
ֳ֣һ֣齫ͿOKʩһǸ̨˲ٺþƹ˷ɡ
һϡ
ǣߵһƼ̨һ濴ŵԵˡ
˹¶һ
½Ӱ
ôˣļ˳忴ĺЦŵͷ
齫Ů˼̹һƿƣԼϡƿߵľƣһ
ڶξʱͷԣҾƺȥûһŮһھˡ
ϿʲôƹȥûӦһǣ۾Խ½Ӱˡ
Ͼϰ֪ϲɿ˵ͣЦĸ֮ǰAŪ˸鲻裬ҪҲ̫ͻȻɡ
ϰ壿ˣȥ֮顣˵
ԭҰŵ˾㣬½ӰЦЦAҪܸߣ鳤ȻƢЩȴA飬ҲΪԼǱ
ͼһȣ˾Ǹʹ
˵崺硣
Ҫлл½ܸᡣӰ˸ƵƣҾãС½һ˵һȸɡ
½Ӱм䣬һӵļ̿ãҲˡǵһƼŮȫ̲
պгָ½Ӱ֮Щ˵ϰǲ֪ģֻݵԱܿ
½Ӱ⣬û뵽λ߷һôŮָĲòָ
˵һЩ⿴΢ʵһӰ쵽֮顣
֪ǸСǶˣûй̶ˡǰܳ¡
½ӰζЦЦ˵ء
˵û갡ѿ˵ľƿһƣ۵һƿӵڵϹ˼Ȧ
һſڸ첲ѹۣб۾ź϶үˣүߡ
˰˰꣬ðʲôʲӵү
ɡ½Ӱ顣Ⱦ̫ˣһûעͺȳ
㡪źļ롣ҡҾҪˣƵںϡ
ֻð˲ߣ½Ӱŵͣ
ƽ⻹ڣز˼Ҫȥ½Ӱúһߡ
ģƷܺãҲƷ衣㣬͵úϢ½Ӱź˷ŵʻ֮ǰѵ
ţ½ߡ
ȥ꿼ļգ˾һ߷ţûϹ·װ䶥СС
ѾԺ˯˹ȥַ˵һõĻ
ѳͣ·ߣδ绰Ҫַֻͳˣֱ¡
ܺΡ
˵Թ߼
Ͱæˡ
˿ʧȥʶļ˼һ
˴ķӡ


 27 

ݣһװ˼߲Ǽٵģ˾ȫںϣǿ˳Ž˵ݡ
¥ߣڵϵĢƵģ·˸ôק
û취첲һƤšһ¡
ϡ
Ϊʹ۾ʶԺġûעİĻߵĺһס
ûǰһ
һһߣںˣΨһܶǸҲˡ
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⡢ǡĶΧ
ܣûҵַֻŰҼˡ
㡪ңɤӣ˵죬үˣүȥš

ڿ϶תֻȥæͽԼķ䡣
ýŹţѼһơŴЪϢ
ߵʱ˿յҲûЩơ
ſţûһͲĳ˺Ҳϴӷ˸˲ںϡƽȣɣڵĺܡ
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жױٳ˸裬ٳȥǰ룬Ƿһ裬˰ӵˮ
ϴһֲʵı˲ɵơſڣ·Ͱ͵ģܿԽļ羱
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컹Ҫϰ࣬ʱ侹Ȼźһƹ
뵽϶ӹ֡
š
תѣ۾һΪŪˣæͣ϶ÿëŪˣ
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ķԼǿһһôԶô
ϡ㰡
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˯ɺܳԭϻѵڿ˻˵ʲôʱŻѡ
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䲻ԣų̂˸ع¼ܣ˷ŵҪ·һ;ǹϴõ·
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ǡͻȻãõŮȻ˯ˣƾʲôҪŹ
ԺԺ˵ĿǰϣôˡˣҲҪҸ̶Ĵ顣
Ժ̲סֺһ˵ֺųøĲԲ
¶ģץֻϵΡ
AǹϢ
лҪ˵ͳһ˵һ¹û11֮ǰ϶ģܻ˿λСʹһˢΣҪô˯ڶϿһǰдģôôգ

 28 

ȻһֱڵϢշȥ绰ʹ
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üͺ𽵹˾ıӼͳлԣûˡ
ͳлΪһ˽ӣȴȼꡣ¼ͺ˶ʮ꣬ǰͱʱ򣬼еĴ˼ҶڿͼҵЦ
үһֱû뵽걻ԼӺݺݴŭɶǰŷųڷϼͳлԵݣžͰѼͺק˼ܲõλӡ
ͺҲ壬үŶϲϼͳлԡôһֱǸСͰŮңΪİĶӸֶ¡
ܣͶ˼ͳл԰ְ񣿡ζԼͼҵЩ˽⣬֪ͺиʮֿص˽ӡҲ˵ӡ
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ܼһֱͼͺ˽нӴǶ֪ǼͺԵˡ
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үľҸĲˣҲʡϵĹˡӺ˿ţ̣˵бҪҳ𣿡
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磬A鿪˸Сᡣ
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һֱжҲȷҺǰݵˡȻʦ̸ܶ˵ĵļɡ
С˵˵Ǹǵӵܣһͷͷͺ룬·ҲõġĴ磬;ҲǻǵʽСӣǸӡ
ҪԽȻ⡣
ضԴ󻭳ų塣һʧ˼Ŷŵ΢ϣ÷˿ͶƱƱߵǸ
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תս𰡡⺽üѰе㲻˼
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ˣͱ²ˣڲ˺ʵĹشʩ𣿡⺽ͷ˵
ôңһܼ𣿣
ôˣѹŭ졣ϸǺһֱĶ֮顣Ϊϰ¹˾Ĩڲ٣һ֣Ϊ˾ǹ𣿣
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ҡҡտԿ˵ĺ˿ͷŤһ߳Ĭ
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⺽ճǳ̬
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ЦλС㣬ܺ㹲𣿡


 29 

ڵͷӦһ̣ٴ׼
ʮ㣬ǳ˷
ȥӵ¥ȴûֱͣ˵ͣڸʻװһɵС׻١
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𡢱桭
ǹؼʱýȥúЪһΪʲôҪ棿
»Сһۡ
ǵóҩͲеġν
ҶԱҩӦܴ󣬡۶գϴγһһ졣

Ͳܴ𣿡ĺܺ棬ҾȻ׸¿ɳ֮ÿһĸƾӹ
ƽ޹ʶһ㣬Ҳϲ
֪ԣҪְǱ֤ȫ⴫ȾʵҲǺһֱĵģܾüŮϵӣ⡣
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ĳҲȫĸףŮࡣǻ·һ磬Ǽĸķ档
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ǰ֪ͨĽһ31¿ʼvʱλСʹ֧mua

 30 

һûˡ
;Ϣ˵æټ档
Ȼ֤Ȼһ˵ʱһ㶼æ
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ûϵ˼ŻصԼϡ¼ȻϣɵĿ꣬ȫ˼棬˾ͷˡ
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ˮǱһǳĹԢλüѣţһСʱȫ۳һȳΪҵ񻰡ڸеĸ
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вٶҪʰ
ܺҹأ˵ϣҺܿ㡣ǼԭγҲԼϰЩ顣
˽֮
롣
ûǰ˵ԸԸ⡣Ҳûǰ֪ͨʱʰôôľհ졣
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ӽ˵ݡǸ˾ۼĹԢһȾܵá¥㰴ťԱ߶ŷĻƣо˺һҲûϳʲô
ԢһһøӦˢš
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ݳޡ
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ԣ䵹˵ĺۼ¹һװ
Ǽסĵط
ʱ̫ûȥϴڿԺ֮ԥһɵԵĴϡ
ͷ˯
һ˯Ҳ֪ȥãԺ䣬ͻȻ˹ùֻһ賿롣
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Ĳ֪үӵʲô֢ϽȥΣҪȽӣ˵ʲôҳɼҵû裬Ŀ
Ӧڸ˴绰˵һǱ߽ż˵
˼ǿˣҪֻҪϲͨͥСǱͳлԸ̼ˣҪ֪һ⣬±ҡ
Ҽôͱ˱ȵҾͲ飬Ӹܣ
Ǳ߲֪˵ʲô۵Ļ̻ҵ
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үɱƼӡ
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װѵӣ۾Ժ˰
ˣɹ΢ʪͷ䵽ϡü˶㣬ϱץ˹ȥ
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ڶʱ򣬼ûӰ
鳤һļ٣Ȼú˸衣ҩƵģôôֶУڡϸһ
ϴڴ߰ͷһ
ȻǱߴͷĵһ룬һ򿪵ı.ס
һϸȻλá
ĸطܲأ
лҪ˵һֻ[Ȧ]Ԥգ
׷޻᳡/˴ռ/൳롿
Ƕ˵ÿһɹ˱󣬶һĬĬŮˡ
ǻһӣõķͶ¹ĺһꡣ
ļ˸ٰۣÿҪĻš
춼Ϊĺڲͬġ
ϧʵǲ⣬ĺϺͱŮһԵĽָʱǿǰ
ĺ᣺ҺͱӰҵĹϵ죬ֻҪԸ⣬ǻԺʹǰһ
ǣˣ˵ʲôƨ
򹷣ʮֿơ
ĺ
뿪ĺ緢չҵ
ǰΪƵľ籾ԽˣտˣܵϷû˹˼ճС浽
գ
ĺڱˢ΢ҧűɫҰס
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 31 

ôסˮ塣
ĵڶ, ĸʽ·ҲڼԸʾ֪ǽǸӺһԲһķ䡣
ǲñ䡣
ñ, ɫԵ֡ѹֵĸ, ĳһ˶ʱʼ
ڡʲôϵ
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شֻǺίĸ, ֻסһ, ûбĹϵ
Ҫ˵ǻѰɡ
ô, ˣϷʵЦЦĶ
û˵ھͬӹϵԺܷܲչɱĹϵҪı, 顣
ʱûһۣԴ˹ȥ
ˮ֮ľЩԶ, ֮ǰйȥҪվһСʱʱ䡣
Ÿ˾ܾ, ûᡣ
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ǰһڵ̫ûһӣʱѾƽ˰Сʱ
Ǩŭĵһ۱ת˯ļҴʰŰȥϵ
˹˾˵ĸڴ򿨽ǰһӴϿ
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⺽ڿ͵緹Լλϣһڣĵһγٵ
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ҸϰҲɹ£ʱ䳤ˣӾͺˡ
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ԭòд䣬ֻûЧϢ̳΢ҵϷǳңĻʦᣬǻĳƵĵط
ʵںؼĲķơǰڶ̬ҲҪзε
鳤ͨ鳤Ǿ仰㻭ɲ˵㡣
ԺĿǰĶǶƵ뷨
鳤칫ҵͻȻ򿪣ճһﱧļ߹
ս㣬»𣿡ʡһָĺۼ
Ĺ찡⺽Ҳչ
˵ĳ屻ô죬Ȼҹսĸϳ˵塣ղȥ鳤鳤˵С
鳤Ҳ΢ϣˡ
ѾӰˣԻıŸӳ
ʲôã鳤˵»Ҫٷ΢󡣡ʧ˵
Ǿٷһɣ飬Ǳ߲˵췢΢𣿵꣬ѵעǱߣٷ
һǱЩ΢ҵǡ
⺽˳緹㿪ֻҰ㿴û㡣
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ŵ΢ѣһеı̫ע⡣
#800#
ۣǮ˻Ǯ̫ˡпȥϸǿѵһһСָ800𡣡
ҦӻǸǡȴϡٵķ꣬Ȼ㶥ֻϵȡΪһֱŷǱߵĹղأܴԼ۸̧ԶԶʵʼֵ
˵꣬𾪵ĿҦ
Ҧ󣺡ôôң
ҵһ˵ôһλ⺽գ˺Ҳһ飬ͷͬ˵
Ҧ΢Ц
΢΢Զˢ¡һ͹Ϥ֡
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Ͻͷ˼ȥԷĻ𣿡
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ŵǱ߹ͨˣѶ΢ͷȻᷢĵƬǶùˣҲ΢
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쿴ˣ
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˵ЩѾˣ˵档˵ôϵЩѹעô⣬һֻӰȻᱻѡ
İѱڵϣ޵Ĳš
۾úÿʲôͨӰͬ򼸺ɱֵ㿪ǸϴƵ
ͽ⺽粢ż˸֣Ȼһתɨһŵǰ¼˽в˵ĺ
ŵ绰ˣ˵ôӣյȶû֮飡
ĬͻȻ˵ɫҹܼҪģܳʲô£ỻҡ㲻̫š
һںֻҪϷûûӳʲôпܷ
ǸżҰˣԼˡݺܰѣ˵ϷΪİûƾûݵĿͷ֧ƱҲţ
һӵģŲԡ
һЦֲǼģ㽾ʲô
Ҫ֪ñ˵ĺӴҪôಹ㿴᲻ᱻɱ
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#֮ʵϰ#
Ŀ΢ѣ벻ôͻȻ˹ǡһѣ·ӪŷĶͬһƵ
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ʵƵ¼еԶ˴أǺ
Ѻΰ󣬾Ȼ⿿ĻǳϢ
ҿ˵ȿ˽⺽֪֮ˣٴ֮ҵĺԼĿڣʵЩ߱ˡ
ȶȫص֮ˡ⺽
Ҧ̾ܵ˾΢ˡ
֮Ҫһʵϰᣡ
껨ǮϷҶôҵᣡ
֮飡ѪǮ
Ϊʲôǽ⺽󻭣ǿҪ⺽ᣡ
⣬ʵǶʶ⺽
Һͽ⺽֤΢ƽʱ棬⺽һʱͷżֱԷ˿ǻۣ١С20ɣ˵
Ϊ⺽˧кöշۡҦ󲹳䡣

鳤Ҫ˰ɣ
룬һ߸Ь⡯Ķ
˻ͷȥһŭ鳤ƽؾһӣ˿ҿ
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𾪣ô֪ģһô˿
С˸ҵģǶ֪ѡ
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˭֪ôϷҪСĵ㣬пܻȥ㡣Ͼ֮Ǵ˾ַһ֪
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˵
֪㳡Ǽҳ֮ǰֻè˵õ߰ٺþͰӹڲˣ㿴ܲܳʱȥһˣҰè͹
Сһ׮Ϣ
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ÿ춼˯ȻѣҲͣͿʼʳҪôԼ㣬ҪôƵ
ϲж˽ûӵ㹤Ҳڼҵʱɨ
һʼһΪǸӻǮɽյӵܣΪôʱ;һеˡ
ΰҹʱ鷿Ƶ飬ڷģȷûҴˡ
ȥԼ뼦档
г̣ҲδϾǶʮһĻᣬֲδĳڷ
ÿλڣ͹ԹԼԷˢˢ磬Ӱ˾ֱ˯
Լ˸ɵӰѾʮһ㡣һߴŹǷһȥϴ衣
ԡܵһ룬ͻȻ򿪣֪ʲôʱݣһ߽Ŀһ߹
ȳȥûôĶˣϴϴ谡
ûƻھ͸.Ȥ
æת
˭ϼתȥ¸ߡӱ§סϺơ
սһƬǽ塣
ߴüȥϣһԴհ졣Ҫץͷơ
ס
ëͷСƵģһȲһ߲鲻ԸĴϡ
øαȫÿһϸʱ򣬺ֳһ¡
ȷ.ڣû
ܺá
ʮ󣬺һȥҽԺѪ
HCGֵˡ
лҪ˵һ
첹ϣʵûдꡣ

 32 

Ѫ, ġ
ű浥ҽԺԾʮֲ˼顣
Ȼ͵ĵ绰ݣ˾һӰסΪ˰м׼ı.׶͵͵˶, Ҳ׻е., ܵĴ̼
ûôͻỳϡ
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ͻȻһɡ
Ϲ, Ҿúӻǳø㡣
ͻȻİŮӵ, ŤͷһӸ߸¡иͺ˼, ϾάʳĵӣͲ첲˵
ɱңƯ˸ҴҴ紵ҵͷúվ, ȥѳ
˴ӺԱ뿪ῴһۣúͨŵȺ̱Եĳࡣ
ֿи, ʵҲͨǱɷȻÿ̫ࡣ
иͷѾĲʳͼƬ, ϶Ҹڴ˿̧ͷϺ΢΢һ㶣ЦĸӲá
ʡ˵
õЦԸ޴룬ɿջߣӭȥмˣ
24ܣһ˵ںӵ£Цᡣ㿴ҺӵƬϵĵӵݸ
ĿţͼƬܿǸСӤĲ˯һֻСһŵ°͸
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ܱ֤ܺͼߵʲô̶ȣ
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ȥӵԧۣȥˮ帽ĳҽԺȫļ顣ΪڻУԧ۵İҪء
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ļҲǺԱа;ϴʱʿһ֣ɤӾͺͼӻʿѡ
ʿһߵİַȥ˲ͱ졣
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ΣŶ԰ɡ
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Բۡ
һ˫۾㶵ĿֱϻѪֻۡףȻѸٱ죬ӿɫѪ
֣ʺŵĿڴĳ
Ϊʲôè
ӵվȥǼҳҽԺȡǰһûߵĹͷߡ
Լһ죬Ҳ֪ô
ǧû뵽һţͿſڿƨɣһɳ»֡

˰ŵĶŻվڨڨЦ
ڸҲ֪϶ڶèµϲë׵Ķû뵽ϲ̶ֳȡȫ˼
Ϊʲôè
ͻȻûЦ⣬ɫ΢䣬Լ͸ʡ
סһֱзִ磬ҲӦǰɲԡ
һѯʶûУֱӰèϲǻеһַĸо
˵⻰ǵһȥϴһ
ӵļǺԸԵġ
ʹһֱƽǸɢĹӸֻǸӣļǰǿӲ
˸ôش
֮ǰèʱ֪ᵽʹк͵ûطȥֻð
Ϊʲôûңʡ
ֻסһģȥ˼ҡѶ£ߵߣװϲӵӡ
ȴͻȻֱѽôˣ
ˡָָ棬ûע⵽˵̸ص㡣
죬ҸҩҴȥҽҩ䡣סЩӣͶƷ˽⡣
˻㣡֣ץסóѡ
һҸ㴵Ѫ۴
ϾĿҩһֱлʵûֵôۡüСʱˣѪѽ裬ƾûɶо
Ҳ㲻ԼΪʲôҪװۡ
Ҫһװһ߲ɫĴµĲ촽ϸ˵ĲΪ͹ġ
ͻȻʹһ䡣
һ٣Ҳμһ񡣡
á
ճڼЩڡ
½ӰĻģֻ˽úõһЩѣ˽ʺǿ
ԼһȥǴϺǱ쵽ǰʲôݣνܣ
ˣ˵˵ˡ
Ŀ˿үǱߴߵǿʼơҪΪүӵ˳⣬ôǸѡҲǲǺ
캫ֵû⣬˵Ŀ԰ѺŮѡ
ֻǼ֪ǳŲμӻǰһϴʱ򣬰ѻб浥ŵ˵ڶҪõİ
μ񣬾͸̯ơ
лҪ˵ٺ٣֤ʱ̡

 33 





ڱ, סԼԴͬ⼸һֱš׷Ҷ㡱Ļ档
ˣֻɼϲ˵, ʵߣë⼸ֻҪڼҶȥ, ȫû۾
˵, è̫Ŀˣ٣ƿӳ庫Թ
, һֱЩͷ, ͷ񡣡С, ƽϡ
ҸƽϣһЦ, ŵ
㱧Թʲô
, ְϡ
ɫѵĿ˿һֱں򴦲һ¡
, ˣϽ𴲣ǳ緹ͳ˿˵⼸ô£˯Ƶġ
ϰ۵ġͻȻôһʣ˵˸ɡϵڽһ, ˵ӦûʲôӦ
ʵ֤̫棬зӦԣѵĺ磬⼸˯
, Ȼ½Ӱ㷴ӳӳְ˯þҵͷĸҡľĸһۡ
ⶼʲôá
ִ˲ƣ, ôڸңôҲѹե㡣
½ӰĻڽһҶȼٻС
ȥ·ϣߺΪ˱ý룬½Ӱ
½ΪʲôԸý屨ʡǸQ.Lźúô
ӰãС㡣
ӦüɣСǸʲôŮӣԴϺúѧϰȻӦõϡ
ֻ棬ûʲô˽⡣ֻ֪ӰʮͿʼϲһϲʮꡣ
𾪡˵ʼýͣʮʮꣿ
ϵӦ½Ӱ˵ʱӦҪ
벻ɣЩ⣬½ӰǸ֡
ƽ𾪵飬ȻĿ·ǰ
ԭ˼÷֣ѧʲôѽⱲˡ
Ǹһܺáʶ֪మ˳µߵһŮе״̬ɡ
ϼô˵һ䣬ɫͻȻúܹŹ֡
ôˣ
ԥ룬ò׼ò˵̲ס˵ˣΪǰ²ۡ
Ӱϲʮ꣬һֱǵ˼׷޹һֱȰǿŤĹϲӦСԸʵ֣ϡ
·ݵʱͻȻҪС顣ȻĶû˵Ҳ϶ʲôֶαƵĻ顣
ʶţҾ½ܲˡ½Ӱӡܺã񣬷档
У֪ʲô½ӰǰңϲɾûǱǲƤסˡ
ۣתƻ⡣
ſʼô磬ҪЩʲô𣿡
ȥױǱ߹ƻæвҪ׼ȥ֡
ӹ䣬βƳһ۸ݵĺ
ˣҺӰ˽½鲻ġѻĶԼ̫̫ҪôԼǰҪôδ޻Ůѡ
ϲָŵ΢顣
ǵĹϵ⼸ࡣ
ĲһƽĮȻƺһ㶼ʶֻص֮⡣
ʣ˵ʲô
㣬ʲôϵϣػش𣬲Ҫñᡣ
˽ʽĻΪŬõ˻رڼ΢˵㲻ͬ
û뵽ˡ
á
·̣ڰԡ
ڼĵطһ·Ŵ⣬Ͻץװ˱浥İ
ݣûʲô
ڲһˣҪò

˵˻󣬼úֱȥԼһ͸½Ӱͨ˵绰һ³ͼҴҸ˹ȥ
ҵӦʵﻯױλá
ź֪ķӦⳡûӭ׵Ļڡһڻֱӵȵʱʽ
ױһľͷӵݳҪһֱֱߵ
С㣿
ʮ׵ʱ򣬺ͻȻ½Ӱ
Ťͷ½ӰһһεĹǽϡһֻĵĴ򿪸Ӻϸӡ
ĳʵĶ½ӰȼҪȻ
½ܡк
𣿡ϴָǫǫӵģЦ
šͷոȥˡ
֮ǰƲһʵ½ӰĿ˿
ұ룬¼ҹ˵ĲμҵĻܴ̼û뵽
֪ô仰ֻòЦš
Ŭ˵ᱻŶ½ӰͻȻ˵
ʲô˼
Ҳ˵ˣ𣿡㵽ΪֹʣµĻҪᡣ
ţҹæ
ʮӺٽȥɣ½Ӱ˿ǰյķţüЦɢ˲١鷳һȥ
á
½Ӱ뿪Ȼ֪ΪʲôҪʮӣǺĿʼʱ
˷Ӻ󣬺ѾȵʮġʱױͻȻ򿪡
һ˳ΪӢûע⵽Ӿͨ˳ȥ

صֻʱǰš
ǸһŮӡ
ĳͺǽȻַͬ˵뵽һ使ɢС׻ôͻ뵽ҰΨһһ׳ա
ݴᶨ¡
ǼˣᱳţӾ￴
ǡ
ĿŴŻɴѾױᣬͳúãôǹʶˡĵ޷Ƶһ˿ۡ
𣿡
ΪΪţܿ϶˵
ûʲôӦĬ룬ͻȻתźǼŮ𣿡
ֱ⡣
뵽Ǿ仰һƺϡ
ǣһû׷
˼ô˵ŮѣǾ˵ǻûɹδŮѡ
ô˽˵Ļˣ΢ʾһ£ֻû׷ϻŮѣ֪˻ǰһǰʽŮѡ
һֱϲĶͣϴҵĻѾ㵱Ůˡ
ϣЦЦ½Ӱ˼࣬񶼾üر𣬻ﻰⶼΪ¼˼
˵ģжӦû쳣˳
㣬ʽʼ
μӵȷʵ࣬һֻǰ뿪ҵһѹӸΧסļ
û߽ԶԶ
õֵܽѵ͸磬ʲôʱҲһ
˵Ȼ뵽˺ŮѵĵһԤѡ
Դɨɨߵĺæӻ֣Ͻ
֪˭𣿡Ѻߣ˵ס֡ǣʲôϵ
ֻҪԲ˵Ůѡ
ֻҪ˵Ůѵͬʱǰάӡ
ܰʽŮѡ
ʲôʱӦҵ׷Ѱ
Ц̣˵õĻش𡣹ȻﰵĻشüʮ⡣
ƣ˵꣬Цĸ仨Ƶġ
ҿ͸԰ôƯĹ㻹ţϽ˼ң塣
ǣҪϲҿɾ׷ˡŮ㿼ǿ£ȼ͸٣˴֡
ĶĶȥ
˶ߣǣźڵһ
أӦ½ӰļˡʱˣϽӻǿյġ
ţӦ˵ҲֻһźӵŮӡ
٣½ܵļˡ˲²⣬ʡ
꣬ʳָ䣬Ӱǹ¶ûˡСҲֻһˡ
ԭ½ӰҲǹ¶
ȫƹͻȻرգ֮˾ĻΨһһŴţȫϢ
һ˫̥ûƿ⣬һֱһŸ磬ź̺
ǺһβμӻׯصķΧеʥ֮˵ĸֶݡ
ϧߣΪĽ֪Ҳڿ
ֻܳŵƹ谵ע̨ϣգ۾Ŭѹе⡣
½Ӱ޸Ͷ˷䡣
ȻҲУֻԺı̫⣬Ȳˮ壬ϲ¡
һξƶûմ
ϳ￪
ſȥһ࣬ѳͣ·ߡ㶵װһĽָͻȻЩţ΢΢ð
˼룬һͽָһ˵¸㡪
˵ҵİɣҵĸҪ
¶ˮ˵ţȻôɵͣ˳ȻҪúϡ
ƽʱ̫һüʶòԾҪʲô顣
б浥ݵʻһϡ֮Уɫ䡣
ýң
ỵֱ̂¶
ͨÿζû´ʩкӡǡ.⡣
⣬ôӦİѵӵݵǰһҪ̸еӡ
ʣǺӵĸס
Ҷ̬ȼֱǱ˸ˣ֮ǰӣǲǶΪװģ
Ϊ˸ʵĿԺúദ˰˼ǰˣ
޴
ĲΣЦһ
ڡ
лҪ˵һСĶ½ӰļŸĳQLš

 34 

ڡ
һʱľ
ֺƽʱֱ, ؼʱ̶ܺԥð׻۴ӡ
ֻ٣
ѵһǮȥҽԺɾȻʹ˰һ߿֮ǰѵûϱŮŵŵľ
һᣬһС
ֻ͵ĵ绰, ʵ̫һˡ
˼ͳ, ԽԽ뺬Ū, ꡣ˵үӾɲҽԴ, Ҳ˵ж
ϰҹɻر, ˵үүĹϵ϶
Щ, Ҳ˵, Сʱүүߴʱ䳤, ܶϰ߶Ǳ˼ѵġ
ûĸףӹϵһ㡣
ôΨһһǰԸ, ˵˺ӣүӵԸٵʮ¾ʵ֡
ֹ
ۺ, ӵĸڰ˳ҡ
ԲŵӸ̯ƵΣȻڼΪӦǿǿɡ
Ҳ𣿡
ⶥ, ѳ¡һֻ첲ڴ࣬Դбӿ
ƹˤӦӡ
ɴˣΪһӾܰס
˱ˡ
µı浥, ϸá仰һ١
Ȼ£ԼʣµĶɿܡ
Ļ
Żˣע⵽ͣٵĶмЦģҵҲ᲻ϡ
ȷӡ
һ
δΪ֪ûϵļϷǶ˸µĲ
Ůһܿݣʹ֪ҲûȥǸ˭ȥ鵽ô¡һ̶Ĵ飬ֱӴͺãҪ˷ʱġ
Ǻô
һʼĻһҲһֱǰϷ
ֻƾȷȷʵʵĺӣͲС
ʯͷˡ
ѡϣǰ˳ɡ
˵˵ôҪ˵ЩʲôúҪЮҪһǮºݣԺ÷ֲƲ͸ͳл
ѹûеֿܡ
̧ͷֱƮƮĸ˵ҪȢҡ

Цˣŭ֮¾Ȼ³ȡ꣬Ҫ˵ЩʲôŵһȴΪǱ˻ȥ
ҧгݣ˺ü
Ȣ㣿˵пЩ硣ҲȥվӣӾҪ飬ȢҲŵԵĺǧ㺫ʲô
㲻𣿡ʡ
ЩúеĲںô룬ֻ֤Ŀġ
㲻ҾˣҲ㡣̼Ҳм˽⣬֪ʱ򾭲𼤡ǻģ˽ӷһм̳Ȩ
˽ӣԲС
ĺӾԲܳΪڶͳлԡ
үҪ֪˺ͼͺһ£ܰȴϡ
˵ȥź°ͰԴŤԼߡĻǻ̫̫ҳȫ㡣
ǸôӸ㡣ɣǾȥ֡
°ͱˣüͷ΢̽ĸʹ
֪ʢŭҲһϽͣСĵ򴽡
ͻȻ
˵ǣ˵ҧ촽ҧۣҲ㲻ˡ
һϣ˵ĺЩ
׷˵ԵˣȻ˵֤ǾͲٷڡ
ӷ
ͻȻĮ
³
ٿȻȥʲô˼ǲҪ
ҽ³𣿡⿪İȫ첲Ϻĸʱ΢ɲĶһ¡
ŷӦҪ³ǽ
ҡ

Ⱥ죬һְסƿǲĳţʾ³
ޱ飬ųǵĺ
ļǡ
ֻϰ˳
Ÿչϣͷ˳Ӽ뿪
һˣվ·ߡ
ʢĵҹЩ⣬˱Լ˫ۣ汻̼СƽĿϵǡ
ã̾˿תȥ
ŲȵĺܺݣعӾѾ
½Ӱֻһ·ʮӾܵһ·ϵƻͨҲܶ࣬¡
ͳ㶵ĽָⶫŮ׼ġ
źҪǱֵĲͻΪһʽŮѡ̫㣬Բ׼ָһС
ΪǸĸŮͣʯС
ϧòˡ
ѽָ˳ȥһİ׹⡣
ˮ壬ֻèɳ˯һƣ۾

лʲôû
һۣЬԡ
һݣֱͷ
ⶫһֱԼ׼ӵȥǰ˵岻ܾΣȥǣһֱûôãҲһֱû
滹ʣ
óŹ⿴ûʲôзĵط
ⲻܡ
һȥһ۵ĵط˰͹С
˺һӦúϸġ
ǡ
ְڵϣɵϡ
ôŮˣȴԵģҪûͨͺˡ
ԡ
а׹һ͵
͵͵˽Ϊѥɦһݣֻҹ̶İȫˡ¶ˮԵΪ˰ȫס
ͨһʼΪүһΪ˵Բ˱ҩ
ԲҩҪף֪㲻ӻҪôôɴ;˸ͨͻ
൱ԼԼ
ΪǵģӦԼϡ
Լ⡣
ڻ룬ӦƭܳҩףûС
ҪûͨһûС
Ǹʱڸף֮ǰأ
Ѵץ˵壬ϸͺദϸڡ
һμ棬вޣĺ
ûкͺ˵ǵһεǸǡ
ֺǿӦǸ⡣ʱ˷֣Ǻ˵ûطȥ
ɫȥְƣǲǴӹԱ֪Ǹᣬȥģ
ǵһνҪǮҪһʵϰΪʲô
¸ŸԵŮβȥһΪʲôᵽ
֣ԽԽԾ
ͳֻδ˸绰
νϢϴ衣ϰ߶ʮСʱֻϴʱֻҲý
Լϰضһ죬һ飬ʶʲô˵Ҫ
ܣ˵
ΰͻȻܵűߵ΢䡣¡
˵ͻȻš
ϣΪʲôͻȻ
ˡ
ĵ·ˡ
Ϊĵһձ˵ǮԼϰ˰£
ԭϰͺദĲΪԼѺ˱ϰôһʣ϶Ǻ֪
ʦӦѾǮͱȥˡ
Ա
ܣԲ𡣡ϣ⡣ʱСöʮңǰ䡣ҿϲͣAҲͦ⣬Ծͬˡ
ǡ
ʮ
ԼھһɽϾҪˡ
һΣһɱ㡣
ð亹˼ܡ
ȥҲ飬ʮôġжһֱƭ
ǡ
.
ס˾ٰĻ
Ӧȥ·ϣ˻óᡣ
ϵĺۼ˿ûЩ⡣
룬ʣԼģ
ʱ򣬺ŲԸάּ棬ͷĬϡ
˵Щʲôʲôû˵Ѻͽת뿪
ڶ˯ȻѣЩģܵ仺˴졣
ʱյϢٻˮ塣
Щ꣬ʱҪȥﻹҪ
Ϊ˳УҲұﲻ
ûкʵĹͨ˵ٻءֻҵᣬû˳ȥ
ɳδ绰ʱ͸ֻèƵģһֱΧ
ϻͷҪ˯
÷ŭԸеһ˿ο
ʱ˿̣§ڻϲͣĴߣβͣ۾Ҳָмѣûꡣ
輸źһļϹ˾Ǳר͹
һţȿľЩļ
ãһһҳִӿڴͳֱʣ˱ñʾ⺫ӹȥ
ЦŸ˵ǩЩǰЭ顣
лҪ˵һ⣬ǶۺֻҾü

רԤġ
һİֿܻĵġֻ[Ȧ]
ڶİܰĳĹԡŮҵ[]
ûİѾʶ˵½ӰĹ¡÷ơ
λûϲģԤգ

 35 

Ǯ˽鶼ǩǰЭ, һʼͿǹ⡣
Ҳǩأֱʡ
ڼǸʮ˵ʲôʲôǱͼ˺Ƥлֱ˵
ǩѱʵ輸һģ, ͱ֤ˡ
˵, ûкѡء
ǩ
Ҳûкܵ, һƾݣ˵Ļ״ӰϵĹɼ, ˻Ͳ룻ֻҪƽ, ʹ, ӸеĲƲҲ, ӵľǺġ
ֱָ, Ҳֱһд֡
ôҪְ̫̫ǰɵĶĿ⸴ӡ
ûбҪ
ͼĲʳǵ, ͼֺ̫̫صĸֺЩļдĸֹɷݡȨȵȣ̫ûȥ㶮
һ
ûҪ˯ˡ֮ǰûѣ鷳ҡһϵļǩꡣ
ѻȥû, ɢļһŽ鷿
ţѹôǲ֪, ܹȥģ
Ȼ޷˵شֻ˷ܵΧת
ԣǰ˿յ鷿
ǩ˻ǰЭ, ȥ֤ĿĶʵ֣Ӧø˵ġ
ǿԼԵһ˿ͻȻðѹ
鷿ӳóְȼ
ⶫʮ꿪ʼʱСװ.ƣóǼܿ顣
˳ֲˣһֱס֢໤ҡΪ˸̽ˣû
Уȥջع»ǰϼһʱµġ
ݺݳһڣΥζüеɡ
俴ǰһļ˵ڶھͰ溫ǩĵطԱ߿ŵΪ׼ġ
ǿ˰죬Ҫﶢ̾˿
ͨͨǷŽֽ

㣬׼ʱ֡
ǰſڣԼϰĳ˲ͷĺںñӭȥ
ܣѾкֱ߿ͨҪĲϡݸһļУ˳ɿɨ˺һۡ
֪֪ϰҪͺ֤ʱжô𾪣
Ϊʧ˳˼˵Ƕʮ򡣿ǼȥAе飬ڶϾ֪ͨҪ飬š
ô㤵ʵ
Ȼڼ֪£ͬ顣
ûˣع˾ɡѶӹҲԼȥ
Ƴһ̸ۣȥ
Ϊǰк˴ŶӵȺֱӹսһ䡣
ֻһλԱרŵǡ
˰ҪĲ϶ݹȥԱǷֱûǼ飬ǩ֡ǵڷࡣ
ʱЩΡ
ûʲô飬ҲǸӡʦͷһμһֱ΢Цһ¡
ϣŪ˸òĲòļЦһӶԸڣʦԽ˵ɫԽ䡣
ͷһ䣺ҷɹ涨һҪЦ𣿡
ʦȰĬĬ¿š
ƬһŷֲֹûЦϹżЦҲ֪ʲôʱջ˼Ц
˶ޱ顣
ʦ
˸ӡͮͮĽ֤֡
Ǳ֤ӵڽʣ̫̫𣿡
Сϳ䶨ĸоͦġ

һ붼ٸһˡ
úѻɣ̫̫ͳǮ淭һźɫƽĿָںǰ˻Σ٬İѿƵա
ҵĸ޶Ҫ𣿡
ſûģӦĿ
ñЩĸоżµգգ۾ƽ˵Ҫ
Цһ뵽һֱϷһǮ
ĺӣĽԹۡ
֣ѿϡҸ㣬㻨
˵ϳﳤȥһΰѺһ˶ڳ⡣
ѿպãŽ֤ͼƬʧõĶ̷˹ȥ

ϼܲ¥
һµʱ䣬ͳлѾгվ˽š
һʼսΪܣܶ˱ۣ˸Ϻò³ݣЩ۲û˶
ͳлԵİ칫û䣬ҪͨԱһʹùޡ
磬ڸͻȻ˵
˵𣿼Ҫˡѹʼԡ
ļٵģû˵δް
ģһʼǿɲǱߴġ
ô˵ģ˵
ɲȫͨϵĻǰЭ飬͹ȥˡ˵¶м٣
ǼȢļǧ𣿽ʲô֣
Ͳ֪ˣɲǱ߲˵̫ࡣƹ͹
ͳлԵǶ뿪ųϴ֡
ص칫ңֱóֻͺԴ˵绰
Сԣ绰ǱߣͺԸոնӣ鼫á
֣֪Ҫ𣿡
˵ʲôͺ𾪣ܣõϢǿϽӡ
ɲҹ˻ǰЭ飬м𣿡ͳлһȭϡүӿӵķһڽ飬Ūӣүﻹܿü𣿡
ͳлļˣԼȼֻΪ˽ӣүӲΪԼӸϳ˼ϡ
ôѡģͳлԾ߷߲ƽ
үӿԼŮϵɾȴԼӵŮϵֻ۱ֻۡ
ƾʲôô˫ꣿ
ʵ̸ȢӣӲǺͼγĶԱȣĽòүɿ׼ϡ
ʱҪĽ飬ⲻڴ
СԣȲҪͺ侲±Ρ㵱֮Ҫڼ㲻òġְֻ㴦
ȥүǱߴʲô
˵绰ͺԸլȥ
Լ͵˸óɼңŮүвС
ϧ绰һֱռ״̬򲻽ȥ
ֻʱ
լǱߣүϣιܼƵӵ绰
绰ĵʱ䲻Ҳʮӡ
ֻʮιܼĿүϱḻʵı仯ȦԾɣգŭƽôһ̡
룬һүʲô
Щ꣬Ψһүӱ˾ֻүһ
үӰѵ绰£ð죬һֱڵ绰ֱûջء
ιܼŲԾǰү
ιܼң㻹ǵѰҽԺƬӵС𣿡
ӡҽĸµ
ֹոյ绰ңŸȥ֤ˡ
ιܼңʲô⡢⡭
Ҳò˼ɣүӿЦ˵ϣӣҲҵĲѹû뵽СӾȻհˡ
׼ͬ飬ԸͳлԡôĽأ
үӼĿʼԡ
ȿȡ
ү𼱣ιܼһϽı˵Ҳүϲǹ˺ʲ֪ˣ
ż죬ôҸŮ֤
ȥСӴ绰˴ơҼͼҾԲȢģŮˣ
лҪ˵ҿ˵ҪŰʵɣƷϸƷ⼸СŰĵطǡ

ܶ˾ẫΪʲôȼ˵̯ƣͳһͣʲôʱ˵ֻҪδ˺ӣỳ
˵˵û

 36 

ֱڵ绰ܾүӵҪ
Ҳû˵¡Ϊ֤ĵ, ͰԼԵĶᵽ˴ԡ
ʽʼ־ӡ
ֻǣ־ӻͬһ׷
ʱڶ¥СϢɳ, ۿżһ˰Ѷᵽ鷿ԱߵĴԡ
¥, Ŀ˿, ޷Ϊſںϣźࡣ
һ, Ӻǰ߹
ס
֤, ڲҪΥĵĹĺһ١, ֱĴ
Ҳע⵽, ü両⡣һα˽д, ѧУϿαʱ
ڽʣ
̫̫˾°𣿡
Ҳϸ˴쵽֮жԻ, ע⵽ƺϲ̫̫
ƺֿԱķ̺ͶĲмǺȴãָյĽ䡣
ʱ޿̲ѾĺϷż
˵㰲˾, ܾˡԳƼ̫̫ͷƤ顣
֮ǰǼ̫̫ﻹĺӡԼ̫̫ͺڵϱȥ𣿡
⻰˵, ҪǲžǸ
֤к޿֣°ܡ
Ų
˾ûУ㰮ôϰôϰ, Ըѵ𣿱С·ҡ
鷿һأ߷ߵĵһ̡鵽һ룬ﻹǻɢȥġ̫̫֡
ĳͳһɵ
Ǳ췴ŷŵģƬŮˡ
ȥૣ̫̫
ҪһĻ͵Ͳ䵽Ǹ³ˡ
õ޶ĿһӦ򷿡
ķ۶߰ԼһҲϡ
˼ſСԢ´ࡣ
ϧصߺŷ֣ڵ˷˳
Ż˵˾£ӦҲûϵǼ̫̫
ȸһ䲻˳ƶΪã
ηϢ
鷳Ұһ˾翪ʼ°ࡣ
ӣλظ
õģ̫̫˾׼ʱ¥µ
˺ϷݣǷ㡣
ڴϹȦ˴Ŵ󴲣ڿԲܼצ˯ˣԼ˯ˣ
ͷû
һ˯Ǹͷԥӽ¹Ľ
ԼͷƵ룬ȻŵߣǼ֮ǰ˯ǿ
˯

ڶϣ׼ʱ¥
ӵ˳ԶԶͿſͣһͲ˵ĳ
θĳƺһԣûˡ
߹ȥ˾Ҳǰ˽һЩһ³šܹк̫̫Ϻá
áһҹ֮δȫӦǳЦ˵
˾ǸԼʮͷˣܳĹɫЩڣź̵ܶĴͷ⿴;Ǹʵڵˡ
ôƺʡ
šӡ
Ҿͽˡ
ʹãЩҪֹžС
ݵˣӦöֱӺŰɡ
Ҹ״˼꣬ҲҳǽɡеòҪС
庩ЦЦ˿ô꣬ǵһôͰĹ׽ˣ˵˼ҳ
ˣ
㱵룺Ҫšʮˡ
û뵽Ѿˣʵ˼ҵĴ̫̫Բ𡣡
û£ߵʱҲŰ꣬£ûټ䡣ɵЦЦ
ûû£Ժ·أְһᱣġ
ϣɡ
ˮ壬һ뿪ˡ
ԵĴ˯ߣһϷȥҲûô˯á𴲿¥Ķһ
ùֻһ͸˺üϢ
ܣ̫̫ԸҸųҰ֮ǰŰŸ̫̫ˣ𣿡
԰õô˳֡
⣬ϸĶʮнˡǱǮǰ׻ۣҲ̫̫Aеǰֺճĵ߸̫̫ġ׻ۻУӱƻ飬ֺղϣһֱ̫̫ԭ¡׻۸Ǯ̫̫뿪AС
ֺǰʱΪ֪̫̫ڱҹƱǱץȥˣһֱڼ
һ鵽̫̫ĸĸеʱ˻飬ֱµļ̫̫ͥһֱͬĸ츸ĵܵתǮ
ܣҪҲ𣿡
ǰô˵ţ˵˳ȫһڡ
ΪȫֺΪΪ˰죬ֺڻ˼ҡ
ĸ
ʱǸ˵ǹ¶
ܲһ滰ȫΪ˽ӽϹİɣ
֮ǰɵÿһεżڿҲԶ϶ƻõġ
ٸɫˣȥҪȾˣ
˿²ĴһƿȥԡԼķӣӦ˯ԡ
һžͿϵ
ŵĵطƽʱ˯һ֣࣬ճλãͷأ
ôֻһ롣
׿˫˴˴˯ӿտ
úЩѣܿƵĸ˸ؿڣԼƽ
֪ʲôʱˣ˸ֱ㶵Ŀ
˵ָв׼ǿë׼ǶϲҪҴסˣ㿴ôʰ㣡
ȥ˳ƽʱרŸµ緹һӰӶûС
ûΪаݶˣ

ӱ﷭һǿ˵ӡ¥·̲ס˻̿լȥ
绰ܾȥ¶ͽˡ
Իȥһˡ
սţͿ֪ã۰ͰͿιܼҡ
ιܼңôңŪҹֲ˼ġιܼǼˣС󣬼Ц⡣
үŹ֤ˣڶš
ˡ¶һûأүô֪ģ
ѽô֪ģȥүͽͰɣͷأ
ͷʲô
ȥȥ
ƽ
үˣӦΪûǰ˵ֱ֤
ֻ뵽һֿܡ
ˡš
ûӦؼˣƿһС죬Դ죺үү
ҹүŭ
ôҲǸ֢ˣбҪȥҽԺһˣúЩҽǲүӵǮƭ
ôˣǰʡ
ôˣ㣬˭ͬģ
𾪣ţ
ԣҡ֮ǰ֪ҿ𣿻Ҫ˸Ҵ绰ϲҲ֪
һŮˣʲôɿģ˭үӴĵ绰ǵҳ
һŮˣҵϱ
үͻȻһ֣üA4ֽɢһءɨۣ˺ƬĿһӡ
ʲô𣿡ʡ
ˣү궫΢磽Щŭ豭һڣ˵㲻ҸϲĽСⲻζһŮ˾ܽͼҵš
Ҿôһ飬ٺϡѧиѣѧУ˾֪ĸ飬ͥϵһ㡣ȥưƣҲ²£ھưİɣ
֮飬Ҳŵģ
Щʵû
ȢãҲҪףͥгü︸ĸʦŵڽŮŶʶ壬ܵ
ҵУ
Цһүӣʲô˼㵱Ŀûôϸ㲻⣬ֵͷϣҺԩš
Ѿ֤ˣôŰɣ㿴ͱ
𣿳û֪ȥˡүүܼõġ
ȿȡÿŹֵĿ˿үӵɫȷɫܽӲװġǲС
ôУҸǱߴк͵͵Ū
Ϊҵְˡһˡ
үӣ
ģûƭ𣿡˵
һˣүͻȻʡ
šϲô¿Խ˰ɡ
ʶ°ɣ
ࡣ
ʲôʱĸͨ
ϡͻȻһ飬۾˾ӡô֪ҡ
ǣ㵱һҽԺ֪ͨˡҾʰˡ
ڣͲӦûع
ʵңǲǱ˿ӲеĺӣȻúӱ顣
ٿȻȻǣǳֿҽĽ飬ͦʵģ֤
Сӣ˭أүӰѲ豭һţܹʶŶã͸˵ʣҪ÷ɣôҸ˵ȥ֣Ҫ˺죿
ȻҲ֪ΪʲôͻȻ˸ͨһ˽㣬㵱Ƿֹӣ֮ͨ϶Ҳ˴ʩΪʲôǻˣ
үӣӦǿ졣
ˣ˼ұôࡣ֤Ҳˣͺú壬űͼ⡣
֪ȢôŮˣͬѾͷ¡ƳԸٶ˵үӲ뵽£п
үүؼķˣҸǶǰˣʲô壿
ôʮˣʲô벻ˣ˼һأ
ôû壿ѾͷûҵôĻ
ĻôˣҲΪһʱˣ㣬ҲһΡ
ĻôˣүԽԽʲôݣ߷ŸĻŮˣҪ챳ͱһʤ
Ӧ˵ġ
顪һ졣
һŰ߷ɣײǽϣɢһ롣
үӻ˵һ룬ŵŷӦԼ˵ʲôյķĸͣСүүүүǸ˼
ʲô˼ĿҪ˵𣿡
ҸģʶûĻȫ˼ŵԼɷͶϣûԼĹûԼİãûԼľÿһţԼɷԼ֯ļոһգ긴һֱ꣬ѣһϢĶӣȥ𣿡
΢һɳӣ˲ˡ
Сүĺ
ľıۣеİʹʱֻʣƽ
үүҸ£Ҫ֡ϲҲãҲաҵĺϷӣҵĺӣûϵ
òҪΪһʱ嶯ʲô顣


 37 

忪, ٶȲƽʱҪ絽ʮӡ
û˾ˣ֮ǰΪ½ӰĻһ, û뵽ڽϲ, ֻýһ졣
Ϊ, ֻԼ
Щȣ漴һЦЦ, ˵ҲӴ, ڿϰ
֪һֱв, ܵĻչĲ, Ӱ쵽Ĺ
Ҳһֱò, ô첻װװˣ
ս, ʲôˣʡ
հһۣû˵㲻΢𣿡
ϡ˵滰΢֮صģȥΪѼ
㻹ǸϽȥ, Ĵ
հ죬ֻԼλϡ
Ѳ֪һһ
ֱȻĳöӪV΢
İ˵ݶ, ѺһŪ˸CP˸֡
һ˾ͼƬ, ǰǴǶƵسĺģʣµȫˡľպͽġ
һ㿪ۣķ˿ÿһҪٲȶȣĶĶȥ

·۸ʡȻ˰˵ķ˿ˡ
һ˵һֵǷģƯˣɴֱɡ
˵ʲôƨһˣ𣿷ҪҼѪ
Ȱ˵ɾ㣬кڡ
˵ʲôˣȲҼģ
Ǳ𳳰С㶼ÿǡĴ죡
Ϊʲôвϲ
Ϊ崿ĳһʼ˵ƵģԾôˡ˵ԭЩΡ
֮ǰ㲻㻭ˣCPһͣö඼շۡ

һǱ߲İȶ͵ϣǮͨ壬ز𣿡
鳤ѾزǱ߳ˡ⺽սôʣν͵زǱûǮɾ壬ҹؼǾѵľϣʱûӰ칫˾
֮ǰźŲ㻭˺ܶ࣬öշۣʼڴƷزΪǺõķչ
úܻѾƽϢˣȶѶʼڴһᡣ֮ǰսʲôͬ𣿡
дȻᱻ
ʵϰһƶ󣬾ͱȫԭ˿š
֮ǰûġΪ˿ûڴʲôֻ࣬ҪԼϲ͹ˡ
ڲһڴˣҲˡ
ʮֻҪа˸ܹأһٸˣҪðʮ⡣
ʮŸС
ǰڻϿ
ֻʮŸ⣬ʣµĶʮһڴգĻ
ᱻıջҪҡ
ʱֱӰ쵽A飬ҲӰ֮顣
˿ը.⣬ǹزЩ𣿡
ôܿƲ죬߷߲ƽ֪زǱߺA鱾Ǳг
Ҳ֪ʱ֮Ӱ졣
ǵȵʱûãǡǵʱһйأ;͵ˡ
ǿǸʵϰΪǸӡȥ˼
аԺ
ȱϵúðửȡʱǶϲ⺽Ϊѹο
ͷ
ʵҶףٺãҲ˶ϲ
ĳΪȨӣܡ
ˢ˰΢ѶϢһ顣
ˡϸڿǰ˳ģСķᡣ
м֮ǰ΢ϷƵƵúѣ˽ûкͺǸ
ʮֵĶžͷѡ
˵Һͺ˽Ǻܲѣһʱȡԭ
Ա硣
ַ˷ʱߣȻ׿˵ϵûãϾ˿ʼCP
ӽˡ
鳤ĸ߸ЬԶ̧ͷպöߡ
鳤Ҳ֪Ǵϻδɢŭ⡣Ұ칫ҡ
ڽ⺽ĻףĿУ鳤칫ҡ
ϵ£𣿡һ鳤ʡ
տꡣ
鳤ͷĿô룿
ѵעϷˡҪϽҵȶȽȥԽԽá
鳤гһĺ˳˼ڿ˼ġ
ҲģǹزǱߡ˵鳤ŭɶһȺɵƣԼǵӬͷСҲú룬ҶһپһA֮⣬֮ǹزܷ𣿣
һȺɵƣ
𼤶鳤䡣
زǱ߲ϣô˵ҲûáֻܿԼˡ鳤ͻȻĳ
ʲô˼
زûǮϰǮѽ㲻Ǹ½ӰʶǮɾɾ鳤üô˵֮ģҲܸչͿ߰ɡ
鳤뵽õİ취Ҳˡ
鳤ˣҺ½ܡΪֹϵҪᣬȻԺͲˡ
½ѾˣǲҪʲôԷΪá
鳤ʱҪ壬ͻȻеʧѵûϵ߲ͨ½Ӱ·
Ӧܽ¡Ҽʱ䣬ȥˡ
Ǽ̫̫ܲܿ˳CPɣ
ã⼸ҲûᣬҲ˾ˣʲôʱϵ£ʲôʱ鳤˵꣬ȼģɴֱӸ˼١
صԼĹλϣӦ˹աһſϣ¡
ϵҪҲҪúû
Ϊְҵĵ̱
ߵ°࣬յĶšѾķԸͣ¥ĵط
٣ۡ
ϰֻ߰ŵ󲿷ʱֱš
˵ݣϰŸ첲ֻڸǰͻȻĻһʾ΢Ϣ
һ¥ߣһ߽鿴
Ƕ̵Ϣ
һ٣ָûһǰߡ
ΪⱲӶղϢأȻڿϻأǾ˵ԭ˰ɣ
ԭãԭĸֲֶΣı
Ӧûѵġ
ĵ㿪Ի򣬿ʲô
֤ͼţ.ơ

䣬Ƿ
˵벻
߱룬ﱻ̵ĻظŪЩᡣ
Ϊ˼Ĺ棬ȫû̫
ֱչ䣬ǰվŵ塣
忴ҪЦܳӰֱֱײȥ
ϻŶ΢΢⣬ƺǵߡ
һ̧žܣ󺰸ѣ̫̫Сġ
Ů˵ĵйؼʱеá
ԶԶһͬʱпٽӽĽŲ
һƬհףȫƾܵһסΪ׵ļûɲס˫ֶƵ˵棬˲Ŀʼۡ
ͲСãһֱнϰߡ
ຫƵϣܵߡ
һһŮǸеҲʮ꣬ݵĸһ
һߵĿڣѵ۵
һŮͿҲŰѷذףǺµĿһ壬ȻݺݵĶźͻȻг̹ȥ
ˣȶȣɱ㣡
ȥŲǿ첲һ̧ͼסСıذ׻
ϷһѹϺ򣬾ذ׾Ҫ̹
̵Ŀذ׼ԼԽԽѪѪҺŵĽסˡ

Ÿ뷨ʹӵϼ˿ʯͷ˹ҲǸˣֱһõŮԴϣֱӾͰ˴ڵء
̱ڵϣҵĴϢ
ųһ
̫̫û°ɣûˣʯͷˣ׵
û£ܵͣǿѹĺ£϶˵㡢أ
Ƥģһ¶ûС岻ϸ˿ϣһӿ첲ϵѪۡ
ѽ̫̫첲ˡǸϽȥҽԺ˵žҪ
ô죿˿ϵˡֱܲӶ
Ҳԥ
壬㱨Ⱦɡû£ҴȻˮ壬üȥҽԺ
ôҲãհ죬˳⡣
үӲɢŶӻصˮ塣
ʵҲǾԼҪгҪϴϴ̡鷳
ǵһҪѲ輸
ɳ§ӻһõĽĿ
棬ſĶ
ƫͷһƣ߽˸˪ƵģԴһԡ
͵͵ѵӵСһںҾ㰡Ϊ֤͸ǡҪӵϣ𴲣㶼ðǷ緹á
֤֮ǰôģڻô
ҪȻʱ֤ܰˡ
˵ûӦ
Щ߳ŭһĹͷ̶ֳȡңŲſߡ
㲻ҪкӾһУûأ
ͷڼϺǿ⡣ĴˣǶ䡣ָһŵ۾Ϳʼ⡣
ЬѸգգۣᶼ۾½ëԵһЩ
ߵǰ׵λá
̧ͷ϶
һ٣̫ԾϸһǸҪ޲޵״̬
װذɣѿڶ

лҪ˵һ¼Ƭ衣

 38 

Ϊ, ڻɵƵͱƭ𣿡
ϸ˲鷢ʳָ۽޵顣
ȻҺ̫̫ܲ, Ѿˡӡ, ֵĮ, ԣٸˣЩϲ̨СĻ, ǻҿ㡣
𣿡ǿһ顣档
ӵļ
߸ϵ̬, ϶Ͳм
վǰ, жһ㡣
ĺϷ, 㻨ǮıķԼеÿһź, ҿˡ
Ļ˭˵
ز, ΪAҪ̡ӣƾʲôȥ
ѧӣ΢¶ϵ, ǲٸġ
Ǳ߲輸ĸ΢вм
ôʢʢ磬ܳԵĲ𣿡
˵գݺ̧ڼűһ¡
ʹ, ϡһһˡ
ƹ̲סһ, һûֱ¥˷䡣
ԭվ˰ΣתŽȽűɢЩӣһ߶Ժ˵ĻͲΪеһֲ֪ΪʲôЩЦ
ë˰ɣ
ԼȻһŮò
˽ɳ¥ϣһȥ͹š
ӲͻȻ
ģͷҪŵĵ绰
װޣһʲôҪæ
ǸĹôҪæġĿǹ֮ʲô£֪֪ʲô
ܣ绰һͨŻʹ˹Ҳ֪ʲôطЩҡ
ʶһʡ
ְҸͽһģ׼¼ܣ̫̫ȥҽԺǧ˷һҪģ˭֪Ǹذ׸ɲɾ
һҪúú̫̫ʱŵˣ̫̫Ҳ¸ңԼˣҲֵҺֻǻ˸첲ңҪٿͺˡ
Ǳ˵û꣬üʣԼͰ齻߰˳ɡ
ûֻ֨߬
绰ǱоߣŸ˵ȥ¼½Ҵ⼸ڼЪţʲôʱ̫̫ûӰˣٹճ㷢ʡ
˵绰û¥ϣЩڣһŵʱ˵Щ
ϼҡ
ֻ﷭һжʱûϵĵ绰ȥ
Ǳ߽ӵ绰Ǿϲûɵʱ䣬ɴֱӵĿʼ˵ͨ绰ͼ
߾ץϳֵ׵ˡ
͸ʶˣǱߴģͽȥǺúðţ˽ˡ
Ѿ˵ǰɣһ䣬귢еĵĿ˿¥ϣֺûġ
˺úð˹ţڲɵǰ£Ū𣿡ѹ
ˡ
ߵ£ֵˡ
쳤̾ձ˼䳰ȷǶŵģڹȥ˼ҵˡбԸ.
̧žҪ¥ߡ
˼̨ͻȻһ뵽һ⡣
Ѹܻɳһź˯һѱ¥ߡ
ͻȻŪѣ۾ƳۼºϡҪ˯ͱŵ˵ϡ
Դ۾Ҫ˯ɸֵľ˾ĺӣСֹ˯ˣҸæ
˸Ƿ
ּԵţץһֻǰצϻ˻
ҽצӣֻҪܰŽп
۾ԻĿż
ģҪòˣ͵Լˡ̫Σǵ
аĽУ㡣˻ʾʲôкˣ㿪һͷ
֮±йè
˼˼˦˦Դ໽С
ĵվ档
ܺãȺţͿ˵Ҫǹèġ
˷Ϳʼڡ
CP»Ҫæ챻˽ҲżĹϵݺݽѵˣŪ
ƫƫ̲סǺ
˯ȹСûκα仯Ķӡ
ûôģԽԽסʲô뵱˵ײϼ޲ðĹѪͷ
ڼر仯Ӱɡ
ſڴĽȥš
û뵽Ҳڡ
ôͰ˯»ˣ⣬֪˾ˡ·Ǽ˼ȥҽԺ
û
˯ȹϲ࣬ɣźĶһ¶һƬѩ׺˵Ĺ
Ŀѣһ
Щûͺ׽ˣԳʶڡ
ڣ͵һģһ
һģһ
վãȻ۾Ųÿĵط
ɫߣղΪʲô
Ӧðźá
ҪţӦ죬ø첲סǰһյǰ
ɿɨһۺֻ첲ұڲ˺ۡ
ãǺˣûӵǼݡ
ӴôˣװСĿܳԾ
ӴӴӴ
úһ˸Ƶģ˵
˿ˣܹϵôҪһɣ
һ仰Ĳģֻ
ͻȻеί
һ㣬ڣ޹ء
ǣЦһʲô޹أĴһ⣬¶̬Щ
ﻳӵ֣ʲô¶νһأ
ȻǿŶϵλȰ㣬ʵЩúչҪʲộҲ군
˿ŭĿӡ
״ͨ泩ˣŵҡ˵ĿɶʵĺûϽȥ·ȥҽԺ
ͷܣԼȥһʼȷʵüȥһ·Ҫĸ裬Լȥ
ŮĲܹߣԽԽܰ£ΪʲôҪ죿
ӷϻϽ·ûģԽ˷䣬ֱ¹񣬴·һӡ
Ͻģĥߴ飡

ץ·˺üƽˣҲֻİˡ
ȳȥһ··ûͷһ¹ļ
ɲٱɫռˡ
ֱӻɣֲûȥʲô飬ôã˲۸Ҫ
ȥ
Ҳ
ȥ
ҾͲ˰ɣƫ˳⡣


ŷ·ֻҪȥͲ·ĺҪ
ҾͿ㣡ֲٿ⣬𣿡
ͷӹȥ
ڨڨţ̲ġ
Ҹ㰡ӣҾ͸ӣϽʱ䵽ûҾͽȥ㣬ҲûãԿס
лҪ˵һ¹ɵɢǡ

 39 

ȥҽԺ·, ˾Ĭԡ
ǺԼԽԽƲס֪һ׵㣬ɴ൥ֹͣ
һֱ˵Ŵ, Ϊ, 뵽ôΣյ, һܡ
ʵĿųû
లµҽԺ
ʱ, ҽԺͨҶ˰ࡣֻмǱ߻
˽˴, ҪֵԱ˵⡣
ͻȻȻ̶
ֵԱԵ, ǰȥæ
Ȼ, ̧һܡһ͵.Ů, ͷңͷ, ϽץŵܣһƬǽ塣
ӦŴ򿪣ҽԱһһ߷ԸʿǸϽ׼, ѸƵ˽й
ע⵽Ů˶ӵ¡ĻȲС߸µӡ
ʱܽһʮˣɫž, 󲽳嵣ܴ˹ȥĳһԵҽ޺ҽһҪȾŰӶ, һʬҽ
Ŀ޺˶ȥ
鲻ԽĳܿȥǰͻȻһֻ֣ǿеסߡˣҲ¥˹ȥ
һź۾һϸӦأֱӰתһ
һ޿ĴˣʲôɿģԹϽȥ룬һȥϢء
뱧§ǿȵźҹգղſ˵ͼǰԤơ
һۣʲôû˵
룬صˮ塣
֪ܳΧżת
Щжôһˣ
ҲܳԾ֮ǰųҲûͼͬڵºԹ
⻹ǵһȫûֺü
£Ҫߡ
ͻȻСһţҧϼĿţקŲߣһ
ôˣʡ
ΣͻȻ˼ĹϾͷеʳ͹ͷ
ǹҪŵĳͰ
ɾ˰ɣ
ܵЦһۣˣԹͷҸ㿪
ģ˹ȥ
һͷβͽл
ЩɣոԹٳԺòãӪʣԳë
ȫ۰ͰͶżĹͷ
ĿһۣNɪĻ˻ιͷŵǰ˵ԣ㿴ϲĸĸζζ
ĲʹͷҪԵô
ǹ˵Ļܲ³һҲǸ˵ı顣
һ̣ͻȻȼһĸо
ܿƵģգ۾ſڣԺǵĺӳˣҲ𣿡
Ĭ
֪λش⣬Ϊû
ӡ̫ˡ
ͯʱڣҪĸ׺үүͺԳ겻ؼңԸʽɺƭĸס
Ľס
СʱҲɵɵżͺԵ½ǣɲԶٷǼͺԴ
ٴһЩĸײԸ⿴࣬ȻȻվĸ󣬵Լûиס
ºӣֻΪȷʵ֡
޹
Ժ˭ҲȤ˺ӣҲ⣬֪һʼܷŭҲνˡ
Ժͼͺһ·ٺŮˣһúչԼͺӡ
ġ
Щûã˵ɡź
ĸʵҲֻһ˲Ļش˼ָ˳ӡ
֪ô˵ģһ·ûôġ
üŸҴ˵绰鶼˵ˡ
㻻·ʱġ
ǿڷ֪֮飬Ȼͱ֪ˣȥҽԺġ
ԭˡ
ȻȻ֪ˣҲʡ˺ܶࡣ
㶯ϵ˴ش̫Ծ͡õԸңԺ˱ʲô£ֻĸףúýǣԺ󲻸ٷ
˵ĺеǾú
俴˵Ϊװ޵ģ
С»ҪϷֱ˵ͺˣ
Ͳ˵
˱ҪŪ
ǣҲǡһҲ֪ﵽôġЩԥǾһ˵ˡбҪæ
ִࣺҺ֣صĸ㡣Ҳϲ㣬̫̫Ǽ̫̫ҪҰæҪϷֱӸ˵
ȻͬͬҪ顣
Ц˵һ䡣

ˣڿ˵ˡ˫ֱۣڳϴӡ
Σ˿ʶһŮ𣿡

ж
ܿߣ΢΢˸þ
ʶôˣ
΢ϵ¸˵һ飬ְ֮ڲزAìһ䡣
Ұ΢ҺCPݶɾˣû˾һĺϷҪŪЩеûӰˡ
ܣõ𣿡
ˣԲзۣû˵ܲ˸ؼ⡣
ǸŮǣҵʱ˵ҲȶȡеĲ֪
Ҳ˵ɵ˰һ˵ļ̫̫
죬֣֮ǰҲûӲⰡ
УҶᰴ˼úôڴ֮ǰȲҪϰˣбȥ㡣
š
˵죬΢ϾѲCPˡ
֮ǰݵӪʣΪʲôѲݡ֮ǰĻⶼûˡ
ǸӪŻظ治á
ĸ־ǧˣһ󴮵׷ʺ̽֡
һ˵óһۡԸѪǮ쵶ն飬Ծ󻼡
ǿľͺá
ֹһ죬֮Ĺٷ΢һ档
ݼ򵥣˵Ǻβ˵¡
࣬дܹʾɫϷβĳ׷ɱеŮĶΨ
滹ɿᵽֻˣֻʱӰ滭ԺԻᱧᣬڴ
Ʒġ
е۶źˡ

ߣò˽ϷݻصƵꡣ
һݣͿɥһ޿ӡ
вõԤУſȪˮƿֲĶ˶ʣô΢Ǳ˵˭Ǯݵ𣿡
ûУߣ˰ͷԴҵһĿѾ֪˭ˡ
˭׷ʡ֮ǱҪأ϶Ūˣ˺ü춼ûͻȻת䡣
Ǽ١
ţʲôϵ
ܣ
Ͻӵĵ绰ˣת㣬ϷҪˡ˵õʣµϷˡ
׺䣬ֽŷɳ£Ծò̫ʵ
ͼʲôϵʡ
ûʣµϷˡԭְôңԺȦȥô
ǸһʼҲûʲô
û˵ҲʡҲ֪Ǽ³ɡΪļͼοû£ҲǷɱ˼
˵úϷͺúðѡˡȡһڶ졣
ʲôοЦ
ԭϷݱͲ֮࣬ǰ籾ı౬Ϸӣ˿˵ʽ飬ϷҪⲿƷ
ݼٺãҲЩԴƫĹڰ
úҲΪ˰ЩתƵһ档
֪Ǽ³裬ﻹʳ
ɻǺòģҲ˵õϷֻʣһһϣġ
ѵΪǺ
֣߬Ŀ
.
ȥ˾󣬿ʼÿһ
֮˯ԽԽء˺ֿʼԶźڿ˳йϣһ֮ǰ᲻ĸʳ
֪ʱߣ˵ٳЩʳԺӰ첻á
ˣתͷͿ͵ԡ
ɸ߶ͳһʳԳԡ
û
ʳ类ˣϢʱӵ˵á
һ̣ûж롣
Ϊʳ̫࣬ղֽ
ֱӹȥš
ȫû뵽վŵ
ǻϸĴһ´˯µĺȻĲúĹ˹ǡ
ӼٶҲһ㣬ҸɳûҲɳԹ𣿸оɣ


 40 

šһ, ʳ֡
һ̧۾Ϳ˽ſڵˡ
ԭȲͺƷʳ˼ɢ
˵۾еԽӺóĿռ˼š
һֱƽΪͻȻֱЩ, Ҫ𣿡
񾭲һһ, żո߹Ĺ켣׷˽ȥ
ɵʱͿռ, żȥ
ŵϼƤЬޱĲȥ, ¡˫ֵƵƤЬϳ˳ªۺ, ˽š
, Ĵɳϡ
, ֪Ҳٳǰ, Ͷ·ˡ
ǰĺܶһȻĹ, ½ǡ󣺡֮ǰӦϷڵһҪһָʣµ˵ͳ, ԺȦﻹô죿
ĺܣûƾšʵ˶ȣĻ΢ɻ󣺡θһ𣿡
֮, һǷ⿪
һ޵ĸ
֪ǺҾԲȶȵġΪ, Һְ
Խ˵Խ£ܸܲ˼˸£󲻽ʲôûţûǰ̡
ЩͷӶͳ˸̣ȼһڡ
ߵľĻ档
Ҳûͳֹ
ˡ
䣬ȫ˵ڶԼ
𾪵ͣˡ
ǵĻֻ΢΢һ٣漴հ죬
˸£ȻĴ࣬ԼЩ˽ġ
еĸӵһԸϰ߶.ãд塣ϲŮǰϲֱ˰ֻں£Ľ˵Ļ
ʱЦƢܺõӣʵǰһֱܺ¡
Ȼ˵Թϡ
жܳ谡
ҧܳĳ̶ȣüŹϷǲˡ
Ȼˣʲôɹ˼ɵġ
˵ǻк
ͲźżжٰȫУǵ˵Щʲô׼ʵǸѪˣΪܳԺһֱܳ裬ȵ³ö١
Ҹ˸£Ϊһӣ٣㿴ΪǸӵϣؾĹҰɡΣҲĺӣҰܲɱ֮ɱĸס
̣Ը޿䡣
ڼӣúÿɱ
¥ݣ˼ͻȻ˵˸£Ϊһӡ
Ųһ١
ſ˵Ǽ仰û¡
ͼֲ飬һûСͼǽǮݺԴֲͼ˺۵ĸ顣
˵ֳˣ˽ɾлӽ
Ҫ㼸仰ܶĵδҲ̫ˡ
ֻǡ˸¡
תܣ˵Ǹһۿ;úܳɳģҲ˵.꣬ס׷
еˡ
Ǹĺӣɫʼò̫ÿע⵽û¥ƺһֱע
˼һתôһҲȫǻ¡
պÿԽ˾һº
ʱ춼úƣ˵ԽԽ֤֮ǰӼֱһϣһ¡
ΪĺӾ͸ˣ
ú֪ܿߵһ׻ȡ
ǣǸ˵ʵ˵һʲôҪӣѵȱŮ˸𣿱һ˵£û塣
üᶨԺҪѼһԴ˺ӣٺչǣ
ɫһףҪ˵ȥꡯһʾ졣
г䣬ᵧ˵ִ缫ѵѹüĲͺͺС˵û£Թˡ
֪Ѿͷ˼㣬ٶ˵һ䣬Ļ
ֻòĵĴӵٳʱ˺һۣ뿪ˮ塣
ߺ֪ð˳Χӵϵʳл
צץƣЩʳһóŵϡ
ƽʱһûˮһɵæš
ˮ˱ˮһߺһߵԱߡ
ڣ㲻ãӦøһ𣿡
ָϲʶ˵ʶ
ʵʶϤ
ˡ
ĳŪôֲЩԼ֮ǰûǸȫ˵Ϲ˵ʶ
ҪͣʶΪղŹ˵Ǽ仰һû£Ȼֱ׳ĹҪ͡
ӻûͰڳ̬ˣ
͵˼㣬ЩϹЦ⣬üۼʲôɽ͵ģ
һŮˣȷʵһӡһʳźãŹ¡
ô̫̫Լ޵ݽѵС𣿱𼱰Цĸãʱеæûأٵȵң֮԰쵽ǰѵ
ģԲҸģұ֤̫̫Ķֹֽģǰҳһ
ĵĺˮһֱϱĵ
ˡĿż
Ϊռͣ޸ͼǽǮ͵λˡʲôʱʲôԸССС壬޹ءԼϲͺãҾ档
ҪĽ˵㲻ʶʵʶĻһ㡣
Ҷ㲻Ҫҳϣϣ̹֮ϡԺ£㲻õһ᲻ˣֱӸ˵Ҳںġ
˵Ͽҡ
б飬ͫһ׵̶ĬĿ¡
֮ǰ˵̫̫¿ֱӸ˵ҪĨˣĻ̧̧°ָͣſǸɳ
˵ϲǸɳұνʱ任һСǺᵽ˸£Ҳʶ֮ǰס԰ɣ
ûӦȨĬϡ
ǾͲ̫ãһɳν׷ӾЩˡܣң²ֻ̫һ׷ӡ
̫̫룬ס𣿡
΢Цһ󷽵̬
Σʶ˵ЩĲΪԼ˵ġ
룬⡣
Ӧø˵ġ
ԼΪڶͺԣûôųĻԺúչԼͺӡ
ǡ
ⲻĿ԰ư
ǡ
û⣬ǻ𣿡ҧԼЦҵ
ɻ󣬡أ
ְһ졣һɾʲôз
ϵ£ûϸʡ
ʲôҲóƺ
ࡣ

лҪ˵ټ

 41 

ȫûϵ, һҹ֮䣬ͱˡ
ϸ˵, Ǳ
ֻǴӼĵһĸ߼顣
򻯵ͨ, ˽ͨͨûȨӴ
콵, ί־֣绰ΡΡһɣ, ʲô
սǱߵƵ, ̫Ѩ, εƣ
ҷ, ڴҵ˽·, ǲ̫⡣ң㿴Ů˵۹⿰ǡ
ҹ, ˵ʲôɿˣ¡
ڿǼٵġ
п˵ΪԼȡһ¡, ңҲֱóඥ
֮ǰĹгûĹֱӰƹҵá
ǰôû, ôأ
˵ԣûٸϻ
絽ϱѸý鶼á˳õķ, ٰѼڱп¥̶ճһ뽻ˮ̫̫
ǡ
.
һǰӵĵ绰ܾΪصAоԺ󶨾׼
ķʵ̫ߣҪΪϼҵĸĸǣʹڱҲ޷Ķӡ
ǵԷ˵ǼԽ˼ʱ
ö룬ʹӦˡ
󵽵ʲôְλнˮٶû
ֻЩ鷳Ҫߣƽ׵һˡȥ˵ϣֵòɢ
ȳڰְ˱˼ܲĴ¥ε
֮ǰAмʱദĻ
ЩĪĵ⣬ǫ͵ЦЦʲô𣿡
ĿһۣϵԺᱻأû뵽һͰԼȥˡ
̾˿Ƕٶȿ𣿡
Сʲô
ҽ
δһܾ칫Ψһһ칫ңܾ칫ڣֻһǽڼĵһ
͵͵̧ͷ
֪ǺҪ飬ײẰ˽İ칫ңΪ̫ܵ˽Ϣ
ΰϣвʵĴӳóA4ֽݸࡣ
СʱĶס
ӹֽϵһ㶣ĿΣ⡪
Ͻ
һҳֽǼ˽Ϣֻš֤šѪ͡ϲáȥȵȳϢڶҳֽǼͼҵϵͼӼүһʼǺͼͼߵıȽϽĶ档˼ͳлԡ
ڳʱڣΰϸĶãóõĺͬѼҪļ׼÷ŵһߡ
࿴꣬ע⵽һֱʰ˲²⣬ǲţһİ˵һ
ǡ
ӽ쿪ʼǼܵĵһһת칤ΰѺͬҪǩͶͬдĶдˡû飬ǩ11á㣬ǵÿıҪܵĶܶࡣ
Աߵļƹܵ˼ȴӰ˽¿ʼǼеķͼп¥̣磬Ҫ̫̫
˽˱ķеЦɵĶĹ
κݺְȥ
ֻܴϰ˽£ܳΪϰĸô򵥵ĵ
Ҫô⣬Ҳ޻˵˵
ͷͻȻعͼûм̫̫
ҺúûϼȻͳС
ܸ֤ûãͼûü¡ҰѼ̫̫ĵ绰͵ַ㣬ú
սΪһڼ˲Сķ粨
Ǳ˽´һûʲôҫ۵ľͱͺǼƽ״˶ٳġ
˲ֵ
ϢͳлԶڰ칫մ˽¾Ǯ͵©һЩҪг̺Ϣ
͸үõ׼ȷϢȷʵ֤ǼǡڶԷ˭ΪʲôͻȻ飬ʲôʱҪҪЩүӾͲ˵ˡ
·Ǯһ¡
û뵽û˵ϣ˾ȥˡ
û뿪ϣǸλãٸҶ˵һ䣬ü֪˶û³
ǵôүǱ֣ͳлü͸ȥ绰

£һͲӰ
һ˯ȻѣļͣŻܵشǰ
мĸ΢϶Ĺע˺ܶࡣѶǽģ⼸ֱȦǵİ˹ȥ
鳤ЪͿԻ֮ϰ࣬Ǻ˼˰죬˳١
ҲûñĽƭֱӸ鳤СҪڼ̥ϵ¶ڼҴ
鳤ܳԾΪ֪ûбҵ˵Ǹѧʾ⣬úŶûϽửԺӴ˾͸뻭ˡ
Ӧ
Сһ׷Ⱥﰬʾš
Żб浥ͼƬǲͣ
⺽ĵķ˸ŮǱ˵ġıú̿
Ц꣬㿪⺽ͷ˽ġ
⼸һֱֻ裬һϰָУһ߻زġÿɰͰ͵Ļʱ䳤Լɡ
Ǻ˸󵨵뷨ͽ⺽һŪֱ
⺽֧֣䣬˵Ҫ豸׼˹˾ȡ
䣬졣
ͽ⺽һ䣬ȻЦȥš
֮УϤˡ
ʦ֣þòʵĳЦ
Цеģε̾˿̫̫
˲ԼͬЦ
ӭ˱ˮݸ㲻ôܵ˼
֮ǰϺͼ̸ǸĿȥûþͽӵ˼ҵĵ绰ͷ˵Ǽ˼Ѱ˼϶ȸֺзչӦˡ
ⷿӣװ޵ĺܺһǾסķӡ
Ϊʵϰ㻹費ҪҰæû뵽̫̫ˡ
˵˵ǸЦ滢ô֤ͬģ
ĺܺ档
ǰڣʹǲϵҲᵣͻȻ
һͨͥأþȫ
ͬ࣬ǻߡ
ȡЩ⣬ǲУ
ʲô
ĸƾӹ󡣡ü𣿡
һ٣ȻĿĶӡ㡭ˣ
ţһˡḧš
⣬ӾﲻǸһǮ𣿡
үү֢ˣһֱӡպʱ仳ˣ˳ˮ֤˿ˮЩͬɫЦŰοڵʲôİɣҲͼ˺͸飬ֻҪƽӣҪĶС
ŮԺΪӣԺӵĸױڴิӵĿҺ£һᰮ
Цˣݣ涼ôƢ죬粻ϲЦãҾҡ
Ҫ£Ǻúð⺢ƽ롣ĸͣϣ֮󣬲Ҫٳʲôͻ
ȻʵǴġ
󣬺֮ȡ⺽׼ֱƷ
˺ССëë꣬һֱװһȫ͸ɡ
ճ¥ͿǰϤˡ
ûɡͷѾʪʪ˷糾ͣƣ
ڻ
ૣСԲˡ
лҪ˵Сӵˣġ

 42 

С
ĸ, Ͼֺֻһ
ȻıţòɡٸߣֺҲɡ¡Ĭ, Ť, ͼ뿪Ļ
ֺɿ, ùɡһֻ, ӡ, Ŀûп
ɫڨڨ, ЩΡ漴֪뵽ʲô, ֱ, Ĵɫ, һɡ
Сҿ΢Щ˵ˣǶǿϹ壬ʲô˽Ͷͷ, 㲻ҪӰ죬̫⡣һửõ֤Լ
鷢ôã⻹ǵһοҪѹˡ
˵ʵ׿۵, ֺģ
Ҹطºú̸һ̸ɡ˵
ѡ˸һҿ
ʱＸûˣٴλ, Կ֮¥һǡ
Աŵ߹ֺսӶûӣֱӿڵʽ
֪
Գ⣬ѷԱסѱʽĳˮӱ
һûϲ÷ı䡣ֺ⣬Ȼвһ˿ҡ
ԼһʽǰϲϲˣͶˮĻ
ֺѹĵ׵ĽţЩɬ㲻һֱȱʽ𣿡
ĬĿûش⡣
ֺͻȻĳָеͷʹ֮ǰ˵ܻ̫šҲһֱû֣Ͱ³׷ŵԺ
û뵽ոҪٳʲôͻˡ
Ͱ׻۵Ļʲôʱ򣿡׻֮ǰ˵ҴڣôҲöˡ
ûл񣬡ֺƣ˵ģҲԲȢֱ
촽ƣ䵽ǰĲϡ
Ǹӡͣˣ׻ۺģڴϿ˺ܾáС֪һǶҪҸǸûˡ
ֺպһڿȣ˵
ҺͰ׻۰ѻ˵ˣû⣬ҶԲҾԲȢ
ҿѣ֪֮飬˵ĻƱ㡣ǱҴ緢ˣڷҳšǰҾʳ飬ƱƵҳ
㿴Ҷˡ
̽ǰ̸ʱ̧
ȷʵAǻ˲١
Щص㣬صǵѻ˵ĺƤҩһߡ
㲻Ȣ׻ۣ¿ʼ𣿡΢
ʼգȢˣֻ㡣
㻹ǵü𣿡
֪ΪʲôͻȻֺ֣շӦģüͷǵá
ǳǳһˮóֻ㿪֮ǰΪ˶ĵĽ֤Ƭ
ƹȥʾֺտ
Һˡ

լ
Ǽͼ״򲻶ļ硣
ѾϰһڻͳлԣԼ̫̫ӡ
һѡӣֱ¥үӡ
ѰҽԺǱ˵绰˵үӵ״ԤڵҪþסԺͻҲü
鵱үӷˣҽԺǱû취ֻðѵ绰
㲻үڵʲô
ֻԹ
ǽŸղ¥ϣͺԾ˵һ仰
󣬼պ塣
ǰһļͷһõĲ˹Ķˡ
ү˵ˣôû
ҪסԺˣͻô졣
ٶүЩֻϻҪһҪЦЦӣ𼱣СЩټ
˭żҪһŮˣͺһҪ˵Щʲôͳлס˸첲
ͳлԳҡҡͷҪ̬ȼŭ
Щ鲻ܼʱˣ֪Ķ֪
˿ż¥
û鷿ҵүӣĿһתȥүӵҡ
үϲй磬һźľ󴲣ʱ˿̣۾ڴϣɫʮִƽ͡
߽ͣڴߣϸϵıȷؿڴ΢΢ǷģЦ˵үӣ㻹𣿡
үۣһۡ
֣Թǰһָշļ򣬾͸оһֱֻһѡ
ۡ죬˦֣ίĿүӡ
үӲŲףСƤң߻Ͷȡɣװɵͼֲˡ
ǰСżᱻװĿƭסڶǿʮˣٱƭϹˡ
ûƭүү㿴ƲֱֱСè̺ݺһѣûأ
ֱȷʵץۣǳǳһ裬ԵѾ䣬м⻹ûȫõ۷ɫһ̲סּ۵á
ߣèˣүӻɵĿ
ɲüү֪ϲèүΪֻϲ͵Ĵ󹷲С
ңϱġ
Ůϲèүܲ˵ʲôɣ
үӹȻû˵ʲôüͷ壬ʲôʱ򹫿ʲôʱ񣿡
񡣡
Ǽõľ
սּϵʱΪһӶͷڶڻֲǣҪܱ˶˽ָָ㣿
ڻ񣬴ӳﱸٰ죬ҲҪü£ʱӶˣɴʲôһ˵ʽûν
ҲãҲˡүӵͷʮͬİšԽ֪Խãһ㸸ף˾͸˵ˡ
Ĭ룬ʲôû
ҽԺĵ绰̬ȣĸү˵ҽԺҴ绰ˣΪʲôסԺ
үƽססôչôչο໹Ҫ˷ҽԴ
Цôһأڼȱ˷ǽģҽԺôһʱܰ
Сӣӿ̡үһ󱳣Ӧһưƿ
Ųӿԡ
İɣȥҽԺģҡүߣߵһͻȻ
ϱͲɣҲɩȥ֪Ķ࣬úչ
ɩιܼҵӣһֱڼͼ¡Ҳǿżˡ
ү˵ĺе
û뱣ķȥֻкһˡǰνԺԽԽأȷʵӦиĶŮԳչˡ
ЩӰɣ⼸׼ҡӦ¡
үӻͷˮסôãôͻȻҪ᣿
Ȼ˵Ǻ÷Ӷģסȥ
үӸˡ
󰡣ȺһԼңһݣҺͺһһ鷿ҪһңñӰңָͷ㣬Ҫ׼ɩķ䣬Ԣôǵס
ûĺܿ졣
ֱѡ˳ļǶС¥ǺҺһ¥̣֮ǰƽ˵һһζûȥ
Ǿ͵ǰãɩȥ
󣬲첲
޶ˣм¡үڼȷʵЩ˻鶼һһ
Ҫ˵үѵõЦЦĿȤĿż
ҵرˣʱȥк
ĸң
ĸң㵱Ӳ˼Сؼ˵ȢǸң
лҪ˵˶ֵ㣬ź档

 43 


ڳ, ΣԴ˿̡
ûûһ, ơ
͸, ֱ߱䵽ǰ, ϸȥڳ
үѾͷ, ˵껹ͬ¡
ʱֿЦ, ʮǰò, ˼ҾȻǵáû뵽Źȥ, Ҿͻˡ
Ǽ뿪ʮˡ
, 㱵롣
Сƫ崿͵ŮʱѧУǵĳŮ
òƯ, ֻ˵ˣܰЦЦֵĳܷӳʮ֡
ѧУܶ׷һûӦ
ͻȻĳһİ, һд顣
ʱϸһʮꡣ
кжʱڣһƼŮףĵõ˼, һʱӦתŪ˾֪
´ĸü쵽, úдһ
ֳܻĻģĸǶʱ䱻лǿʼĺ̸
̸̸ţֺദȷʵһ˸е¡
Ȼ͸жһ£쵽լүӣԷȢ
ǰ޲ôԽȥݺݰʱڵԼһ١
ʮ꣬˵ƨķȢ
һӵĺʷ
˼լĵ񻨴ţһתȥ
캫ʰҪߵĶ˼ʲôʰС¥ǱȻûסˣеӲУĶȫµġ
ֲǮ
Ǻ⣬ҪЩ֮ǰǸӴȥ鶼ҪٴС¥
⼸ˮֱ˳͹õֽӡ
Ĳֺÿֽﶼèë
ż٣һֱʰɱ۳ô컹ǻȥʰһЩɣٲٸҡ
Ѿͣ˵֮ǰҪһЩεδġ
·ϵ˷׷׳ɡҲδ򿪡
꿪ʼ³ˮ廹һεľ룬ˮйͨĴ򿪳죬·߳
ĿⶸĶס
ʲô
һ˹ͬһɡ
§һˣ
͵ӣ³ϣ⣬ִ³һĨ۾գҲգĶǱ߿
Ǿ뻹ЩԶȷǺȴһǸ˵ĳࡣ
ڽֵɡУߵıȱסļöࡣϢͳ˼߷Χ
ŵĹϴֻҪ绰ͨѶ¼㿪ˣְֻ˻ȥ
С
绰ܴ򣬻ݾߡ
ܵ׽.顣
ǰ춼һĳšüͷ˿ѹ˵ķŭԼһҪס
ʮӺ󣬼ʻˮſڡ
ʱҵˣûп̫̫
ʶ֪ǸսûáЦŸ˵̫̫û
ǳá
ѳȥ˸ͷ濪һɻı˵Ҫȥˡ
һнһŮʿ͵ſڡ
Ȼû˵Ǹڻ·ϡ
Ҫȥǡ
ϳſһ뿪ʱڼլ⿴֮ǰǱߵ
Һʱ⣬˺û
һ㶼ϳֱӰѳͣ˻ˮؾ֮·ĵط
˻ؼ͵طͲˣǰЩ֡
ĬĬ롣
Ӻ󣬹Ȼһ˵ӰЯ
࣬Ŀް
͵ɣǰˢȥܰȫͣ²ӣͳĬһ·ֺ˵
ֺҡҡͷٺһ𣿡۾ǰˣĿź
ܿߣ۾տյעգΰǸˡ᣺αأ
ֺһӱۿ
ɡֱԳֵĿʼһ뵽̹׵뿪ܵЩ;౻һֺֻݺţȥʹ֡
ͣˡ
ֺɡ˿΢С𣿡
ڰɡȥˣ¿¶
˫ָֻĻϣһͷͼɱŴԭ˼ʮ׿̫ʾֻϡ
˵ȥ

ֺգԥţ󲽳Ǳ߹ȥ
ĸͺؼҶУǰѲС
ǺãǲáԼҲ˵塣
ԸֺͽǮѺЩǺá
һ棬Ҫıӡʱڳԣ˵һЩĻҪԼļᶨǿͱ˵ˡЩǲá
ߺҲͻаɡ
ҪѡС˵ֺգͻȻֺձɫ󿴹ȥ
ӴⲻAּҵĶүôһ̸ôĺҺôҲҪ˵֮ꡣ
˵Ӵ۵ʱĺִ
ת֪ðļüͷ
ʱ䣬ôͻȻˮ塣Ǹպÿֺգһֱǣ
˼䣬ͻȻֺմкȺӦֱֺԽȭͷͳ˹ȥ
Ҵ㡪
۾󣬿ǰ־硣
ֺһȭ̫ͻȻ߹Ǻֺմкʵһֱעںϡ
ѹû뵽ͻȻ֣ǺĺϷɷûֺ֣վȻд
١
ֺմһȭѸٷӦһȭعȥ°ϡҲû󣬳һɨ͹ֺ̡
ֺղʾֻỨӣǰҲƾȤѧӲʽȫ˼ϡ
һʱ֮䣬Ĳֺ
·˷׷׿óֻʼ¼
ͣ·ϴһ̫ˣٴȥȦﶼǵƵ
ǰһ˵һס֡Ǵ̫Ͷ룬û
ˣʹɡ
˸ԼĶӣڴһ𵰣ɲΪܳ⡣
Ȱ˲Ͳˡ
Ҳ
ƹǣ·Ǻ۹⣬ʲô޹صӣˢˮ塣
һݣʹӿǶֽ̽ԴĳС
Ь߹ȥӡ
ë̫ٽȥˡСԴͼ
Ȼã·ֽֽ䡣
ĲٹȥʼԼ
һɫζʮͿ֪ʲôʱݵļֵڲϣüۼڽ
㲻ҪҳϣҪҳϡ
һ٣ƵһģΪ˺ӿǣҲͱ˷ʲôġ
Ƶǣĳŵʾ𾪡
ʲôΪ˺ӿǣûкӾܷʲô
˵ʲô˼Ŀ
ֽ䶶һèԴ
һ˫Ưͫż໽иͣ
Ϲлʲôûôè
ɫŹ֣˵Ϊڽ


ÿӼʼò͡
ſ죬Ӳ룬Ĭıϡ
Žűߵֽ䣬ûסһţèԴߡ
ǹ𣿣


 44 

Ȼǹ
, һֻʮְè
̬Ȳѣ˶ԴĴĳɵĳżĽ˹ȥ
ֻצӱס, ҧ
Сèָ׳ÿ, Ҳ, Ȼô˺ҧüеʹ
, һѾסĺ, 鹷ƤҩƵ, Ҳ졣ɴèۿż, ƺеƵζ
졣صɹȥ
ҧŲš
ɡ졪󾱵, ûӦ
ڿȥȡһѿ¡
ô, ᲻šüͷ˵
֣վֱӣ˫ֲĿź
Ļ˻ȣѽ̧ЩĽŻ˻Ρ
Ұɣ
ûپĺ, ġջߣӼ˿鼦
͵Ϸɡֲĵ⡣
ԵĽζͻȻԼҲûԷ
Žϵ, ߵ뺫ԣһקȥָؽһá
ҲûԷء
Ҳ̧, 
ˡ˵ʵʱ享˵һٷû
żϻ磬ҲֻԼԵǷݡҪôҪôɴʳպϡ
ֱ˵ĵطȥƽױǰѴһ٣㲻ӦñʾһǸ𣿡
ֳúƯָ޳ȳƣΪžˣѰ˶еļûУָؽҲûΪдɵıΡ
ǰͬ˯ʱż֮ʮָۣǸʱǳϲ֡
˿ֱϵףԵ죬еĵطƤ
ͦҡ
ȸҩɡֺҲΪԵʣŻ˵־Ͷ֡ϸĻԴͷ
¿ӣȥȡҽҩ䡣
ɢһƮƮӹ档
ĺܺóԡ
ĺܶ
ܿҽҩĸӣҪþƾ˿
ƾƿšһ룬ͻȻ뵽ϴ˿ڣһֱۡ
һ٣°ƿšϡ
һֱעĶѾƾššϣüëʣôˣƾˣ
ҡҡͷҽҩһϴδ򿪼ǵеġ
ȻһĽ﷭һСƿ
ɣƾȽϴ̼ºһЩۡ
ǩպһЩֱ֣ú泯ϣһĨȥ
һ㶼ۡ
ĿźĲ
ܶǰǸƤöСкΪڼΪΪˣԼΪģƢ̫á
ѧУһԲϺͬѧִǸ͵Сȥ˽ͬѧļ˵ҳҲȫ⡣
涯˭ְүүʲôġ
ѱ˴ͷѪԼȻҲһʶҡ
żǣżвˡ
ÿǸʱصңĸЦᡣΪʲôͱ˶ֻ֣ҩҩ
ҲۣÿõĶǵ
գգ۾Ŭѹؿںͺɬ⣬µ
ǵ¶ֺˡõǿ϶䡣
ֺ֮ǰ̸⣬һǸûܹκһ䡣
ʶ֪ʲôݣһͲĶ֡
ֻһ͡
֪˺Ѿʵ
һֱʵʵͿһ顣ӵǩպ̧ͷһ䵽ǡ
ղԶû̫ע⡣ýˣע⵽ղǼܱΪҪĸһЩ
Ǳˡ
üͷһµǩպ˵Ĩȥ
ϲģļ̫̫κʧݵ顣
֮ǰֺ˵ĺΪˣû뵽˵ε̾˿ûϵֺĻ׷
Ұǽˣеûļ˵ΪҿһѾԽܣ㹻ʵپˡ
Ǳĵȥһ˿ĸо
΢΢ŵ¡̵Ľëһһµȶ۾һֱĿǣеע˿档
ָ飬Ǳʩħһһ˿Ҷ¾ŵĶ
ЩǲܿƵģӦʱձҩֻѾѸݵץס˺
ͻȻץǩԺõλǣһζ˼´
šüͷĿ
ͫ׺ڵīޱ飬ƲʲôԾֻգҲգĿƣҪôˣ
ֺվ鸴ȼ𣿡
֪кȷʵҲһʼӽһΪ˻ɡ
Щûֱ֤ݣ֤һʼΪӽġ
ֻǻɡ
ε鵽ֺս꣬AǳĶ£ʵ
ֺȻ˹죬ǧػǶᣬͼϡ
㵽ʲô˵ĻôʮֿЦãʲôôʳôĵ⡣
Ҫ븴ϣڻվŵĵطô
ֺôڵǸôҵԭ£ҶϵġĿ۾Ǽ̫̫
ܸлйֵʱ⣬ѾȥˣѾʼµ
׻ڲʲô
䣬һѹ֮ûκζ谭
΢ԴǹȥϺ졣
ǿӲУʵȴᡣ
ĵһʪȥź촽
֮ǰ촽˵˿̴ĥ˱ͣȳԵĿɬ㣬ѹԺ
޴ɶ㡣
ǵζʵ̣һϣϢ΢ڼϣһֻֽץĳһǡ
˵ܲܲҪˣŵʵڲʲôõ顣
ǼȻͺܲһøղŵǲԶ֮ǰÿһζĶ
һֱôȥ
ϧʵ̫ˡ
ְѺ§ڻ泯ź࣬Сһʽ
̫̫Ҳ档ܵͺᡣ
ӵļЩһ
ǰŭľҪͱҸ㡣һȴ˴̵ĺһ
ôԡļǳӦһʱ޴롣
һϽ򴽡
ıŪҵ·˳
Ķʵ࣬ĳհ׳գζ̫
˸ܴ͵ãýǺùˮˮտ½ȥ
վڹǰš
һȻĸ˹ȥ
ſǸϵӣΪ³Ϊ˷㣬ĳɿԺβżм鷢Ķȥ
ͻȻͷһ
ǰ˫ִ쵽ǰӱסĶ
Ҳ׷ҵ飬ҲҪٺʹǰǣǡ֪к󣬵һĶӡСģšǣһڣúùӣ𣿡
лҪ˵ĺܱǸͻȻСźʱ䲻̫дǵһ12֮ǰҪҹˣΪ˱Ǹ⣬ǰ20췢
оǣʵⱾһʼŰŮġ飬иСʹ˵ʵģ뿴Ҿúеôһ˷ˣǰĴȫ˹
ϸ˵ҵĵһ飬ûԤգû뵽ô˿ҺдˣԲ
֮ǺܱǸû˵ǳ˼

 45 

һڡ
ôõ۰
ͷ, Žǰڼ˫֣ĬΣָȥ
á΢
Ȼ֪ΪʲôͻȻ˸Ƶ, ˵Ļⶼص, صĺչδ
ڽ֮ǰһ, һдͷʼ
ˣټһ
Ҫм
ڼϵֲԾ΢΢Ħ, õ϶شʮֿĵļһѰס, 
̫̫, 滹Ҫòܳԣ
°֧, ĶŹ
ɫ, ɫļɫŽ֯һ, ʵۡ
ӰɡÿӲ£һ˿ɫ
ŶӰ
Щʧ䣬һ뵽Ӧͬúù, ̿ˡ
ֺȭ
ߡ
ʮӺ󣬺Щ͵ĿżµԹˡ
;ʱЩƮһûע¶ˡ֮ǰԼһ
Щնô, ֶܷţһͻ磬ô־˷ѡ
û뵽Ȼˡ
һûԷ𣿡ʡ֮ǰȥԷ, ûôķ
ϳȤ࣬ȥϡһ٣̸Ŀڡȥ˾ԲʳõķóȻβ˽ûҵϲãҲ̫ԣӦڡ
Ϊʲô㲻ֱӸϲã⡣ҲҪһνһ
һôߵнģβ˽ǲԴԳȳ˵ϲö壬ЦһҪڰڹˡ
ҵǾλκá룬ǾҪ˵仰
Ϊʲôβǰ𣿡
һʱûӦ˵һ룬ƼЦЦɫ
ʮ򰡣ˣοɶҽˡ
ԭ֪ˣȴһֱû˵
ЩĿһûԡԹ˵˲ƽ֮ǰ𣿡
ΪŭæЦӦ¡
ˣתͷ˺ĳաѻ˵ƺʱ䶼ҪӦ˺úùӵݡ
̫̫֮ǰļ嵰Σ
ԡ
Ϊʲô
ңĶûв඼ˡûвϡ
Ŷ

ϣϴɵϡ
ڱſţСԴչ
§ڻ˵ıӣСԺǴ˳ܣ㲻ҪϹ֪ͣ𣿡
Ĵ˸Ƿ
ʧЦϽ˯ɡ
ߣһ۾Ķóֻ෢ȥϢ
Ķ
˵ʱмиϸ΢ͣ١Ϊεĺܺãע⵽ˡ
˵úùģĵģҲԸӦúϡһжŪװס
ϲ֪ԷԼҪװɵϵ״̬
ǱҲûϢŵԴݼ⼸Ҫõļʱж̣ûȫӦĹеĶ촦ꡣ
;۾ʵܣͣϢùֻϢ
üͷһšظȥ
Ǽϼ磬㲻֪
ĮȻĶظãԵжȻѹʡ
֪𣿡
ǳһ㶼֪٣һ㶼˽ϵ硣
ЩɣڰѺã֮ǰΪжԼġʼ׷ʼ٣ԾԽԽĽࡣ
תƺעһֱעˡ
֪ͼ˵𣿡
Ȥ֪ıöࡣ
֪ĶҰɣʦ֡[Nɪ]
ǳĹڼͼҵݶ˺
ҲûװæѷϼĻתϽȥһЩ˽ϲá
ȻĶ࣬
ûв˽øҵĶˡҹüΪұοˣıͶãʾҵ
аɣʦֺݡ
óá
ִֻ۾۾˼Щݡ
Щϲ鲻ġȻи磬׵˽ӡ
ҪǣүһֱӣȴŽ˼ܲ
Ҳ˵ڼƹܼϣ˾ûмĸؼλϵ˱иߵĽĶ£Ҫô˽ºͼͺԹϵС
ͺһֱͼˮݣΪǸмͳлԵ˽Ӵ㡣
ԭҲûôɡ
ͻȻеֻĸо̲סЦ
һʱ֮任λ˼£ǼӦҲʱҳ
ʲôҳɼأ
ĸ׹ˣֻüһӣòиүԼͻȻ˽Ӷ˾ҡ
ļңƼԼͲò֪ô̹أ
˭ûеġ
ͻȻеۼ
תͷ룬ԼҲûбȼҸ٣Ȼ
ԼĶӡ
Ҳ֪ϳԶˣĻþžȻñ֮ǰôһ㡣
ֺ趼̫Ҹضͨ˸֪һгļͥԺӵҪԡ
ӵĸĸԺ󡭡ӦûҸɡ
ڴ

ѡ¼Ƕ
һĲ㣬ʮһ䣬ԴݡӾغһģСĻ԰
ʱøкЩķӣһûֱӹҪһס
Ǽ̫̫ˣôҲҪʶʶǮסķʲôġ
֮ǰˮ׷ӣһȻҲݻܾòһ㣬ڿⶰɫƯС¥һ۾Ķˡ
磬һȵʱ򣬺Լõİҹ˾ҡ
ǰźС¥ߡ
˫ֱۣŹһӻ°ӣڶ޷ЩﶼǴˮġ
һֱվһ¥ĴָЩ˰Ӱдıŷŵͬĵط
һȷЩ˶ʵҲܹأڱϲᱻײ
ǣ˶¥
¥С¥һңֱŶ¥¶̨ʱһ֪ѡӣ뵽䷿δҡ
ӿ̵ʱǾװޣߵŷʽ硣
ǰߵҵкԷӺܸɾҲӵ㹤̺˴졣
վڴǰϸ
ܺãˮǸС١淭ӦÿԷĺ㡣
ﰡ
û¥¿ֻ¥ҡ
ţ룬Ҫô˯߻ߣ˵иԺӴ˲׷Ҹķ򡪡˵ĺ档
ֵĿʲôʱ˵Ҫһ˯ˣ

ʲô˼գգ۾
Ϊ˺ӿǣǻȷַɣ³⡣ָĿżĿƵµĳһ
ϣһ͡
ϰ̵ʱ򣬼¥һʵǣʵû룬ǸоĳһӲȡ
ҡңп˵Ӧ
Ŷ۾Ц⡣Ҳš
лҪ˵֣𲻴𣬸еĲһҪУԺ
ԣŮǳ
Ҫȣпдһ˯ˡ
mua

 46 

ûܹԸԳ
ѡǼһ䷿, ÿͺֻһǽ
ˮĶ϶ʰ˺üȫʰꡣ
Ϊϸֳþ߶ԵûȻһµĵĳ㡣ֵһ¥Ĵתת, طɳϲ, ϶һ, ƻҪŻš
˾£һͿˡ
⼸仯ܴ, ú., ʼԾг̡ЩϻҲ, Ǻͺһ극, żӦ, ҲϢ
ӹú»СƵġ
ż뷨
¥ߵķ䣬˻ҡ䷿㹻Ĵ, ɹ⼫ã¥µĻ԰ܿ
ѻŻ԰֧
ѷӽűߵĶóһżܡ
ⶵӾ֮ǰ⺽׼ֱҪĶ
˵ֱ, һʼԼͷʱû練ѹ
ͻȻ뵽˱;
⻹Ҫ鹦ˡ
Ǳߵĺܿ죬绰ǸǸŮҷ, ΪCPж⡣
һеģķ˿ǡˡԭۣɫҡ
϶ɫܽһʵϰ, ֿһʼһ˽ת̬ȣʼڴǻģ˽˺ܰύ˻
ȫ޷˵뷨Ǳߵ˼Ͳǵһδַ˿ǳˣѾֲ֡
Ҳͬķ˿ΪԵɣһˡ
ʮֺ£ͻȻһ󵨵ļƻ
֮ǰ˵⺽ֱͨ˲ʮķ˿
ǲҲԸѧŪֱһҷۣ
ڻĵĵط»ҲˣԼһҷֻۣϲϲĻ᳤ʲô
ȵʱ⵽۵ⲨҷǲǾͿվΪݻ
ݻҲվΪ˵仰ֻһ
ΪÿֱصϣҪᡣ
ãֱԽԶԽá
ֱͻ
ѻҪϺͻʶóںãóֻ㿪΢ǰ֮Ǳ߸Ūһ֤΢
ֱӾĴ֤֮Aʵϰ
ȥڵֱ֮ǰѪѡ
Ǻķ壬Ѻɲԭᡣһġ֡
΢΢һ٣⡭ӦǼİɡ
ȥۣǻôŭ֮ǰĶڶݾжôꡣ
鶼ˣʱݵʲô
⣬ΪʲôҪӣ
ݲݣҾ֪һ˭
ΥԼɣұȽϺҪǮ
һʮֻܿһ˿µĻݶϣҪѹú壬׼һɫĹĻ
ҷȻе˻£󲿷ֵʱڱҵǸˣǺůĵġ
ֻ֧Ϲ̶ãͷŻߡ
һʼֻ¶֣¶ϾûȦһֱ¶Ժڴϱϳ
⺽ѯһ£˵Ҫǲ¶סڡ
˼þĽ飬ͷӲŻܣȽֽɽͷΧվڻǰֻھͷһʱ΢߶ͻ뾵ͷĲ׽Χ
¥׼һС복ӣڻܱϣڿԿҲῴų

Բͻĺ϶Ϊһ
㿪΢ʼֱ
֮Ǳ鳤ǰкʵ̧һЩȶȣܶİ
ܾûлͻЩΪ˷㣬ֱӻԵĻ԰
һϱʣ˾ͳ˽ȥϲõĳӸûԡ۾ֻüһűĻֽ
һһ硣
ɫ仯е۵ʱֱͳ졣
С㲻Ҫˣֱӳɣȫ֧֣
ͬͬ⣬ƾԷУο໹Ҫ໭
ûɣ֮Ǹĺɣôʱ仭ġҵţ
ôϾᣬȲԼȥ
¥ʲô˼ߵȨûʱ򲻸û𣿡
ʲôʱʲô˼ҿ϶Լİţ˵϶ӰС飬ɴȥ֮΢߰ɡ
鸽飬Ϳˣһ˶һĽɫأΪʵС㣬ײװ
õĹصֱŵһβΪ˵չǳϵ˳˿΢Сʱֱķ˿Ѿˡ
Ӧкܶϵͳ͵ĽʬۣѾ֪ˡ
żûĳ¥߱߳ԣߵʱһ붼ˡʰ룬ſյı䣬Щա
Ϣ
һȥ䳬аɣûˡ
Ϣʱ̨ҵɳ
繫˾´ĺܿ죬С¥㺫;ƽ⺰
½ӰҲڣովŸӻһ򣬶ƯӣɳЦһԵļ
ͷƽһۣ˶ЩΡ
߹ȥøüȣ͹ӣƽղ˵Ļ𣿡
˵ʲôˣ
ƽԺĳʮ·ڣ˸˵һ飺˵ͳлԶԽԽˣˣ㻹Ҫܹݵã
Ϣ˫Ժͷ컨壬Ц޺ٵȵȡ
ٵȥһСľͻ˼ϵĸҪôүү½Ӱʡ
ʲôɽģЦһǵļϣֲҵġҿүӵϲŻع⼸Ŵ̯ӻûˣͳлҪԣ͸һõġ
½Ӱ
ƽ⣺
ҶʱСһӣƨתߣǰզզء
˵Ҫߣ˵ûȥ㺫䳬С
ƽ⺰סţҸҪ㡣ˮᵽʢݹˣ
ʢݹݾС¥ѧ
һհû졣ôˣ
½ӰЩȣ֪عһֱסˮ塣֮ǰҲû˵ҡ
ңң˵ƽ½ӰһкϷȻŹֵĿһĻиŮˡô°
˶Ůǵ£֪ͱͬ˯֮ǰ涼¾ͰߣǸһʱСҲ¾ͱ
ؾȻͬӣ
½Ӱµתתϵķ飬Ůˣòẫ¼˰ɣ
ңһװģ۾ôʲôü
ʱǰȻ֪˾֪ɣ̼һǡ
Ц⣬Һͺ֤ˣǰλ𾪵ı飬ЦƮƮ˵ԼвɣҾҪְˡ
˵治˼λһһ룬һոս飬ȵְֵķңǸǸ
˵Ѹٿ֮زز½Ӱƽ

źȥ˸һҳУΪ°ʱ䣬˲١
û߼ӹȥЦִӻܱԵ¼б׶ڳ
ơ
бһۣתȥƷʵʵ棬ʱʱֻߣñײ
˼ˣȥʳ
ʱʳ˵΢һ㣬۾գҲգﶪ֮ǰڼԵǼ
һʼûע⣬ŷ֡
ӿһĸܡ
Լ飬ǵôôࣿ
⣬㲻ǰ⼸𣿡˿ϵĴӣûǴˣ
ǲɿƵңңͷ
ûУðɡ
ֹ༸ŻܣһﳵװˡڿҪҪһһֲۣԺˡ
ա
˹յŻܵߣŶӽˡ
Ьˣֻöȥϵ೤»סߡ
ʱͻȻһŮӸ߸Ь߹
Ů˵ĵͻȻ֣ʶͼйء
Ҳȷû´ǵͣںࡣЬûϵ꣬ſһ˫Ưĺɫ߸Ь
ͷϷһǾϲ
С㰡


 47 

С
У
ʲôƺ
ϵЬ, Źﳵ׼վĹУλͻȻðŮƳһۡ
, ˿Цݲ, ĶŹﳵһļ
ѹûע⵽Ĵڡ
಻, žʱУǽеó, Եƺ˳, ŮӦĳǧ, ͼʶ
ʲô, 
Ӹովֱ, ߻ûüջأͻȻһº͵
, 𣿡
ʶŮ󿴹ȥһȳƵӰӳλŮ˵ͫ
Ѹٱ, Ůӻش
裬㿴˭
Ů߽˼롣, ǳкһɣ
԰Ȼǵá
ԭŹﳵ֣˿̽߬סհѡԴʹ, Ӻû֧һԭء
һʼЩ⡣
ôˣû뵽ƫƫ㺫ʱײ
òͷʾ⣬ֶԺĸ˸к
찢̺á
䣬һӾע⵽ĲԾ
Դڵ顣ѹﳵǰһ£Խߵߡ
ļ΢żôˣ
Цһ١
ǣҡҡͷ죬סԼټ٣ĸ˵Щģȥ䣬Ƚˡ
ҵϵ㡣
ȼӦֱӰĿ㶵óԿףһ£Ҵ޹ͨ˹ȥ
ںлһۿͨʧ
㬱죬һ˵Ʒ̾һ
Щڣɿ쿴һۼϵı飬Ȼ򴽣ѯʣոλŮ𣿡
ȻͷβֻһӰһӰܸоһǸŮ
㷲
ЩԶ뱱ǰõЩΪ׵ϵӴǰȦӣҲԼģ⼸Ҳʶ˼λദ
Сطж㡣
ʶ飬ѵΪõһƯʯͷմմϲ
뿪꣬պȥ
˾ʹ˶ϵ
ͻȻرĻϲĸŻΪ֪ͻعˡ
˵Ժ¿ʼ
Ŷǡǰ˽ˣʼѳĶһ̨Ϸš
ǰæĻһϲļʳһϷţϲȤڻôϲЩСıүү֪
ͼһʱ򣬾ͷ˽ºܰЩʳ
үӹܵϣҲ˼ñ֪ÿζ͵͵򣬱˳ԡ
Ǹҵġһ䣬ӳһϡ
Ǹ㲻кõİҪġһԱ˶ʶһۡ
Ǹ˭ģ
ո˵ǸŮŮѣû룬ֱӰ׵Ժ
ϣ׷ʵ
ֻǻûȼشöĶͣ
ﶫõѾˣֻʣļ
ָǼֽУ泬еĴ֣һֻͣڰգ֪ǸǰǸ
ν󷽷Ĵ°ѶŰʣµĶźã֡
ĵĻشѽ͸ղλ
ͣһ˲
ǿЦݣɰͰ͵ʣˣ
ûһ˸˵˻飬Ҳû
ţû졣ԱɨƷѿݹȥأ
Ӧģţ
ͱСһ꣬ӦҲ˰ɡɫɨһۣСƱǩ֡
һûءָ򶨣ڳյӡ
СƱݹȥ۾һ˿̵ζ
Ц˵ؿڱúҪĻҿԸܼ
һֱںĸһ䣺찢̣ʱ䣬Źȥ
ĸЦŴӦ
ָ𣺡˵ˣҵøϽȥţʱپۡ
˵ųߡ
ĸ׵ĸ첲ɫ裬ˡѹЩġ
ĸļ򣬰οǻˡ

ڸϣɫ㱡
ŵֻЬȷŵϣһ
һͣҺʵڳġ
ưѶŽ䣬򿪳š
һۿƣüͷһš黨ʣһиơû𣿡
ûӦһ㶼û˵
غóţʻϡȥֲͷһӿ԰ֽɫ
һ˵ӡȥҽԺ
ҽԺ־˺ץżĸ첲ϻָЩѪɫ
ҾڷӦòȥҽԺ
վӣʲôɫˣӦ
ģ˵ʲôҪȥҽԺ顣üȥĵطҽԺ
˽˰죬һֱ˵ȥҽԺ˵˺ü֮þ
ͻȻһת˻С¥·
磬Ӧû¡Щ㶣̲סЦ
һۣƵḻ̌ôһţȻɢһ롣ԴŴ⣬ƻдꡣ
˻˼ң·
ڿ档
һﺫ֣Ǻʵڲϰһֱʱʱսһڻ̲ȥ˳ȥ
⼸컹ռλأ˫ԴϵëϼһСVɴЦᶼˡ
໽Уɵβҡҡȥ
û죬û򵽡
ԷƼһĻŲֵЦ
ǷţײˡӳƤ׷
ǳһʮЩԵһɶġ̡ж
Աе١
ˡѿӷ£Щţǿһ¡ģƭ㡣
Ҫʰ꣬¡
ֻšüͷɫ̫ÿҲЩ㡣
ʵЩΣ֪ôڡȻһ֣뿪ˡô϶ϵ̫һ㡣
һ䶼ûʣԽԽѰ
͡ղųϵλ̧ۿϸϸŴǣǡҸһ̸Ůѡ
ǰǰһɣģҸͶϵĸɸɾʮǰֱ˾ٱְȥϷȥʮûˡ
ǧȥ
û
Ϊ֪տأϲķҲǵһһ֡ôܰߵӡ
û⣬ˡ
ɷ̫죬ڶӦѵһƸ
̫̫еۣˢ룬Ͻϴ˯
û⡣Цŵͷ
.
ɫǴ۵İɫ
ŮмŴޣʹ
ǱСŮɵվԭأ֪롣ػ߹ҽͻʿ߶½ǰѿˮζСŮ
ӣ˸硣
֪˶á
Ů£°˱ӣͷһǡ
ȥʳø򷹣ԹԵҪܣ𣿡
á
͵˫ۣ۾ξḷ̌ͷ󺹵ļٴϢ
⡮һ죬
صĴ滨԰Ļľ졣
﷢ɬͷˮһڣƿߵشǰ
˫ֱۣԼԼ
˿ֿƵĺ淭ӿƣûм룬ΡĵҲһ˲£Ѿ˱ꡣ
ͻȻᡣ
˺ãã
ΪⱲӶǸŮˣ˾ĳϷԡ
ڽ죬ĵʮꡣ
ˡ
ţȻЩĺܺãûи¶ĺۼ
ŮǸŮܵĹС衱
ʲô
۾ƾµ켣
ſڴ
΢㶣תͿš˽
ҵ´ףԹûڴϿˣشǰվӰæ֮͡ǰˣûȥԿ׹
ߣʲôСĸððֲܳҩ
߶߶˵š
գ۾Ŭÿĸ
Ҳ֪ƾðŵ̺ͳ˹ȥ
Ӧܿ죬ȱס
ʲôЩ£ûסˡ
ͼѺǿҪעⰲȫǺαסô
֡
ͻȻǰ̧ͷŲӿ
Įֱ룬ŵʣ᲻Ҫ𣿡
籩꣬һʱûټֻżļ
ûƣϵۣҲˮһƽֻ֪˫ֽĻش
ȻһЦ
ʲôأ̫̫˵˺úùӵģôܻ᲻Ҫ㡣


 48 

, ͼ֮ദһЩ
ʵڶܺǰһʧ̬ҲǱŪˣŻ᲻ܲ˵ıż, һ𰸡
֮ǰ, ԼЩΡ
ڶˡ
ֳ˸Ų, ʱ򣬼ǸͲõӡ
⼸, Ҫˡ
̫̫, ԰˿ع, 
̫̫, ǰɫأҲˡ
̫̫, Ҷ㱣֤᲻Ҫˣ㵽ʲôʱſһ˯
Щӹ, ÿش鷿æ꣬Ҫ롣ѡַ̫̫ȥĺ䶼쳤ˡ
ңƫƫ˵ֵʱ, ߰Сѧһų
ܻһִ˵ڶֻè
ΪҲš
硣
ڿ͹ĿݣĶЩƷȥʵ, Ͷˡûʱͼ˹ﳵ͸˿
ʲôˮıӰõĻƿ, ȵĲ͵棬µ;ߣ֮ǰϲûĶ
Ժ޹˼ɵ
һֽ䣬޹
ŹǷ¥ڲݡе۾߹ȥʣҪҰæ𣿡
˿ֽܵӡһζŮ˹е𾪡
ãȥԷɡ
۾û̧һ׼𡣼ԼܵɳǸӡ
ʲôӶװһˡ
ǸǿСģĶ̫࣬һʱҲ벻һҪôӰװüͷҡͷ벻򿪿ɡ
˰Ѽӡ
𿪣Ķɫһڡͳһ庫Թôèܣ
ΪõŵĶأ˰Ǹġ
һֻèĶ󡣡
ȷʵ˸ļӡû뵽ô͵ˡ
üڼңͶ
ϰɡ˵
ܾҪԼռ˯ĵطˣҪϥΪ

֪Щֽӣ˲伤߳塣
ӿаסץס˫ȣٹͷ濴һۡͻȻµķ֣ԭǹİ
Ҹʱ˰ɣ˵ҩƵģ䡣㿴ɳӵģûˡ
֪èӦСٵȼ¡
óҲʱ⣬ͻȻôһбڼ𣿡
ôܣɿЦЩΡ
Ϊ֤˵ģèܵʼȻջߣһ
èװϣȥСһȻϲ˯
緹ʱ򣬼ͻȻҪͺ˵
˿ţ⣬ˣɩСү֪㻳УչġԺʲôĶԽɷүүߵĹܼңǿҳģҺܺá
һ٣㲻ǲϲб𣿡
ɩ㣬Ҷġ˿ڲˣûӣĸͣģɩӺܺͰСʱÿδүӡ
Ȼס
ҲǷ룬ȻҺúùӣǲǸȥһļˣʵ
ʱ̣Ҳֻ֪ϵһЩϣûͼˡ
֮ǰ֪үӰ֢һΪԸź֤飬һֱû˵Ҫȥүӡ
ǲĺأ˶ˣֻܰű˹
ˣ֮ǰʲôܣ˵ҪúùӣôͱҪ˽⡣
ܿ񣬶ϵĻơɲ˵ǲǼͼҵȽ⣬үӣҺûʲô飬İһ
үסԺˡ˼û𡣡źʵڲѼͺһ½ҳĸס
иֳһģӰͣһ£ֿڣʮǰ͹ˣԺʱ䣬ҴȥĹǰ
ʮǰҲǼճ䡣
ǸʧȥĸףӦǸܳصĴ
ż¶飬򴽣ûٳ
ȥ˾ᣬֱ
Ϊ⼸ڼʱȽ϶࣬мֻһΡ
ϴ¥»԰ѾĲˣʣһСβ͡׽
ǰý⺽תֱ΢ȶȡЧ쿪ûãֱȶȾͲϴֱ
ͷղĻһһֻרŵ㿪ֱ䣬ѵԹۡ
ӽ⺽ǱһʼҲǳģڻͻеֱ˳ֱ䣬е˷Ļʡ
Ҳúظ⼸ȫΪշ۵ר˿͡ǻȰЩ뿪˵ʲôһСò
ȫԤڵչ
ΪЩ˵˵˸ޡ
ʱúܿ죬ҲͶ룬һֻʣ󼸱ʡ
̫ʼɽϳҫ۶ĿĻƣЩ񡣻عպϣڻֽһʡ
ʼմȥķͻȻ
ܾһ٣һڻֽһɫ۵㡣
һ˲չĻͻˡ
ĻһӼڿϧһʰѻˡ
ٿȻ̧ſڿȥ
͸ڻҵʱܱš
ŰѴš¶һİ
΢΢㵵Ŀš
Ů˿ʮҵӣͷԺһ١Բͷߡ΢΢һЦ
ٷãүⰲŹչɩ
ͷûкߣ˵ȴʮ㣬ɤŲСһ仰˵ֱﶼˡ
Ļˢ
ٷˣСˣ
ص㲻
ٷˣǮ˼ҵĳƺɣǹעһŹ
ѹ֮ǰɾɾô졭˰
ֱת򴽣Щɵʣɩôģ
ƾðһİˣо˭Ͽ¶ܡ
ɩЦЦ˰壬Ϊڣֻøү˵绰ү롣
ŶǸЦЦңŻû塣ſ߹ȥս𣿡
ֱ¥
еС
ɩ·档ǣ¥¡
¥ߵһ¥ʶèɨۡ¥֮ǰſ˯һҲ˯ˡ
ûӰĽ
ǳ١
һߺûĽûɩ˵һߺšһķ˹ȥ
ٷ㲻ܣɩûס
ܹȥɳ濴ֻһΪºͷŭһֱԴײš
һ
æŴ򿪣һӴܵţܸоССһֱͣ
ۼˡ
عͷɩ
ô£
ɩϧĿ۵ϵӣ΢вͣܿѹ¡ͼúø͡
ٷˣڻУ߲Ӧгȫ
뵽ϼ˵ģǰλǿˡǿԼ侲һø˵ʹҽģиè
ʱҽ˵УҲӲ
ɩûʲô仯ԱŵЦ⡣һۺèƲǡ
èΪ鳼˵öԶĺʲôӰ졣ңϴүֱϵҼˣ뵽ɩüܼӬһүӳһ㣬ܿͷˣ
үôΣգ
ദĺܺáһ˱èôˣӵû⡣
ɩֱΪЩ޵Ŀһۡ
漴еİ˫ֽڸǰվĺܹء
ĵ˵Ҳү˼


 49 

үӡ
һ١
˵ڼͼֻүӹϵ, סԺҪĵ
Ϊһִ¼ϻҵں, ڰ븱ӽ˹ײ, Ҳܲ¡
è, ǲġŬһЩòı׷⽨ŵҲͬ, ڼ, ֽԼ, , Ȼ
, ȻԺúȰȰҵèԶ㡣
Ҫϲ
ٷ, ɩԲģҪȰүϲС֮ǰҲǹ˼ϲòίԼ, ѵ޶ùԼ߷߲ƽ
ŲԣǰӱүүòȢŮүߣɩһġ
ϲС
˵Ϲء
ǿżô
ٸ˷ʱ, ˵Ļѹеĸ˵˵ǹչҵ, Ҷˣ׼ˡ
°΢̧ʾǳ
еʳĶУҳԲɡ
ûٿ¥
ɩûܳɹֻèйһǽϹҵıۣȷǸ׼͵ʱˡ
߹ȥ뵽ղ˵תֿ
ŮﻳĿ϶Ǹк
.
̫µʱԺﴫ
ѳͣ⣬³ǰ̽ӴӸʻλ·һٺϡ
һ䣬˵ĻƿţûʻԵò˵һ
õģɵ˻꣬һ۾ͿЩװٺϣͺ䡣
ָƽţͻȻɩѾչ˺ˣӦܳɩաһʱ֮䣬⼤
˸սݣЬû꣬Ǳߴ
ƽʱƽͣʱȴЩҲ
㣬ǿǿ˵ϣΪ˸ӣ׿ʲôϵûУˣվڲߣϲмЦЦ˭
ٿذѻЬϣЬȥ
ô£ܹͿɩһŲվţɫ̫á
ɩɫףƼ֣·һӼ˾ǰżĸ첲δڱۿ
үҶΪ˺ӺðָһʽĲɫ΢΢ʡЩʺиԵģӪֽζҲٷ˾ǲҪȥЩǶԺӲð
΢΢üɩı
ԭ򡪡ɩ˷ԣӲҪ
̧ͷȥ۶ŵ棬˸ɰͰЩۡ
һһɩ˵ЩҲѹˡ
ɩģΪʲôԣɩ˵ôĻԼˣô̼ڽĻȻ˵ôȻ
á
̧ͷѻָƽʻַӦ£ҿĲ˾ͷģԣ𣿡
˵ĿɶʵЩȷʵӪḻϧǻģˮ٣һ¡
һ˼ңѵ֪ڿͻ£һֱȰԡ
ûûˡ
滹˾䡰үڼҶҵȰٷܲܰүԽȥɡ
ΪԼ˭
òѹµĹŭ⣬ȫˡ
ɾԳëô죿ӣֻԼ¶ҪΪӿǡɩֿʼ߶ٶģҲҪΪ˺ӳȥ
ץżү˵ĲʲôܱȺҪ
οֳ庫̾˿ɩҲǺ⣬ٳЩ
ȴԸô׵İƹȥע⵽ɩĻϿԼݡ
ҲǣһǸʶûµһǿԼദʮĳ
ô룬϶Ǳߡ
۾һ£ĿżʣҲΪΪ˶ӣұҪɥʧԼԸϲãȫΧת𣿡
⼸ˣҲԾǲԣҾԵģǺʱӪֻҵĸϲá
ҲҴ𣿡
ϣͼһμֵϵײ
ԸΪһϸĸףⲢҪԼһԺΪ㡣
ŬһʵݣʣõĽ
ԼѡΪӸʲôҪ˴ΪӺõ
ڲ˶ѣҪźŷԣԺӾͻĺӾȱ⼸𣿣
ûӣܼ޽ͼȸ𣿲취úչϹ̣Լ壬ɩһ뵽Զĺôģͺ޲ô
ɩô˵æס
΢£ָ׶ġ
ѹô޿֣һ͸ҶԸҲüүӵļëԼҲ
Ϊӽţ˭һš
شҵ⣬һ飬ҲҴ𣿡
ûô룬Ϊ˺Լ̾˿Ҫô룬صĸ׵ı硣ֻǾɩǳչ㣬һƬ⣬Ҫ¼֣ٲٳԼڡ
˵Ĳԡƽ񵭵
ȣĳҵġΣģԼ
ھͰͻȥҲС¥ЦһչҵģǸµġ
ȥתҪ¥
⻰ﰵҲڴϾ绹ĵĸ˵ɩרչǸͰĳ
Ҫ仰ڱԼϹˡΪĺͰһֱڸ¡
ôܻϣңҲûɩĲԡ
˼һӣ¶ģһڲԣûò
ǣҲ˲ϸղŻ˵û鲻ѣֱӸ˵Ǹ
΢û˵ʲôƵģͷЩãȻһ䡣˵ʲô
ɩǸǽ˻飬ҵĳĳвҲô˵ò⡣
ɩԼǰ۾źЩŭ⡣
ڸǷޣҲЩ麫Ĳԣνġ
ɩʱҲˣһվҲֱͦˣĿеź
ò⡣
кֱӰò𣿣
վ¥ϣЩӸµɨɩһۡתƵɳèһ˿
ϼ۾һ
Ρ
.
˷䣬һſϣԴͷмһꡣ
ɵߣĶ䣬ܵͣԲԺ󲻻ˡ
ģҾԲ᲻Ҫġ
һղ¥ҲûĶɻǾ÷ǳۣǰѧУ˰Ƶġ
Դܿգɩ̬ȾǼүӵ̬ȡ
ûܺ˼ɵɩţǴأ
ǲǵºӣͻӾݵȥĸӣ
Ȼ˸
Ժ𣬹Ǽɩ˻ȥ
ôںȻļ
ʵһʼȸ˵ɩµģɩȥȸ״⻰ҲͿߡ
ңɩĵ˵ϲС֮ǰҲһֱû¶㡣
š
סһŷǸë޿ء
Ҫǵɩ˵£ָʲô̬ȡ˵Ϊë޿صԣⲻ׷¡
Ծû˵
ƲƲ죬´
¥ûɩӰоĿһЩ
˼һžµĲ˶һϸϽᡣְѿèϹЩɩĶӸһɶ
ߵأͻȻһʵİٺϡ
Ųһ٣ȰӺͲӵԺ⡣
ЩٺϷһղǸ˾
˭˵Ҫúùӵģ˵ȫƨ
һ˳ȥ
˵˭ҪĻ
лҪ˵лָٺ϶èжǧҪǷһ

 50 

лҪ˵һ˷ӳͻأҲ400ֵΪ߼˵ĿСʹ¿һ¡Ҿˡ
ɩͻլ, ʱϼүӴҽԺ
үʼƣסԺƣҽԺһٻؼҡ
һײϼɩ
үһ̧, ɩкԼߡιܼһ˵ɩ͹ȥչˡ
ɩۿ΢, üͷ΢š, ô¡
ɩѽ·ܹȥɩʵ̫, ǰͰ˵˳
үɫԽԽ, ɵҲŷ, ɩ͸Ͻȥͺúùͨ, ʲô˵
ûү, ƻȫˡ
ɩҲǵģǰôûôϺȡ
ɵĿɩ, Ժһ̬ŭ˻ɡ
˻ô𣿺ɲôˡ
үе鷿
ɩڼͼʮ꣬չ˹ĸף󡣻ιܼңôһֱ, ĹǷޣҶҪ֣ȢȻҲɩ
үһϡ
ȺϺˡ
֪ү֪, ׼ùӳԡ
ͶԺƫ¸ˡ
һɢҪ, үӣϻ˵ˣҺͺ֡
Ψһϵ˾үӣ֮ǰүӲϲ嶯Ż֡
ôһˣô˵ﵽ׻ϣܺͺúദ
ֻΪɩ£ʵֲˡ
ûϵǾ͸ɴΪɡ
˽£үӴӳóһϻø˵̫̫һ̶ϴͼҺͼϣΪ˴һܳ罻ô죿
ҲȷʵǼŭĵ㣬ú̫
ǲܸүô˵
СԺһúý̵ģ˼ұЩүһۣϵģ۾ʲô
үҲ˵ȥҪɱᵽĸףҪɢ
˳ż̨ĺӻûٲҲ١
Ҹѡ˺ü֡ϵֵ䣬µк
ûɣЦãأ
һգ۾͹ȥˣ㿴һм֪Ŀǰѡ⼸Ҫ𣿡
üôкŮأ
Ůʱ𣬡ү˵ĺ⡣ջ㣬ҾͰֶˡ
㿴ӱѼͼҽϣͼҿһֱ˳˳չڲ𣿡
үЦĺܸˡ
Ʋ죬£ǼͳлأҲ˼
үһһۣѵЩڨڨԸġ
Цһת˿ɫү˵Ѿ˺һ
ˣȻȥҽڲȥҽԺһҽġ
ʱˣˣסһɡүȰ
ʼ磺ͺԼҲ̫ġҲʲôɣ
үӵͷ֮ǰȥɩú˵䣬Ǽˣи񡣡
ŶˣҽԺѾͷˡĸȥҩģ߻ĸǸáʱ찡öϳˡ
ͷ󣬡ڸûϵԺҲܷչʲôϵ
ҾͻȻпһ£ʵԸͦõģ˽Ůĳϲ̨档ҪԭģҾǶ顣ϧŮˣȦﶼ֪Ȣ̫ÿ
үƽʱﶼãʱ̫Ű壬ץŷ⽨Ķ֡
ص̾˿үⱲǲܷŹֳƫġ
ͳлԾǸӡ
һֱҲΪϲġ

鷿⵽ȥɩ
ʱ䣬ɩһڳ׼ڶĹ
ȻɩΧȹë
չȥһһɩ£溫ǸҲΪܣʵڳԲȥȰ䣬ˡ
ǱֵãԲǿֲһ䣺ƽʱҲ
ġɩΧȹü³Ѿȥˡ
û¡ڰ֡
ɩεĿ˵ûȥҲӣ֪ºܡľҪΪӿǰԺûӪ
ɩ˵˵Ҫ͡
òֹסϲǣǰǽһ٣ſ򣬳ɩ֮ǰûбĵطͺ˲죿
ǾùǼˣú׷
ûаҸսȥʱȥ¥ٷˣʱڻźӰ֪ûҡɩϲ
û£ɩæɡ
ܱţοֱǶʱ䶼ҹȥ
ɩҲǡײľֿϡ
ôһƺҲܽ͵ͨ
С¥һ·ΪżСĴƣе㲻˼
ýˣԶԶС¥һƬڣʶѾϨ˯£аաͲøү˵ôϻ
ϵܾûϳ
ٰѳͣ·һͣ³ԺţȴƲ
С¥ܹûסּãǽͽ
ԼԺһֱţûϡ
ִмȥһܿš
һƲȥȴһһûҪԿ׵֡
Щ㵣ŵ¥ȥʲô˼Ųؼң
ͳֻҪ绰ǵ绰һͨǹػѡģִ΢ŵ绰˰Ҳû˽ӡ
Ųòʵ۰ˡ
վڴǰĿ䵽м̵ͼϣĬϢ̧ۿ˿ҹС¥
˺ƣ
úЩСȡ֡
үǱԲɩǸһʮʮֵüͼ˶ӡ󲻺á´ȥȦЩü˽ࡣ
ͨݣͲȦӻӭ
ҪĹȥȦҪҪݡ
ٻУƢҲܴôû߰ɣ
̧ͷ죬˸һƬӶͳ̣ȼݺһڡ
ҵطסˡ
תǱߣƳϵһƷ
̵΢΢һ̻ϢһСض
߽һʣûȥٺϡ
١
һӣŲȥţ΢Ļֻһ˲㱻
⻨ģΪôһ䡣
ܲǵãǰ˳
ô̤
۶¥ĴǣŲ뿪
˵õĺúùӣͨĻᶼƾԼ͸̡
䡣
ԽԽһ뵽Щ߸ַεʾã̫Ѩһͻһͻġ
Ӳźˡ


 51 

ڶ侲, ЩԼĳ嶯
һԼ
Լۣ޿κֻܽܡ
һ, Լ
ܵһί, һʼǵɩȥ, ô˵̲ס
˭֪ɲɸպǸʱݡ
ֻϼ, Ĭһ, ջѡ绰˵һ¡
绰˼Ҷ, ΢, Žµĵ̺㶡
֪, û뵽ĵ绰Ըˡ
ִ΢ϸϢ
ɩһͰץҲԵ޹ʶ𡣡
Ǳ߻صĺܿ, ߸շȥͻ˹
ɩ
ָͣ뷨ļϿգһʱ֮䲻֪ô
û͵ʱɩǸ
, ҲһζվɩǱߡ
ֻӵһߣһ˲жͷ̾һ
, жȱһ˵ģŵһ, ȥ˰
գգ۾վãͦıֱ
ú˵ĻͲţס
Ϊģֻжӡ
΢ĸǿǹȥ
кߣȥ
ס͸Ҫúûˡ
İ£άһֱĽࡣ
ϴֱɩ⣬ʱֱ۷׷ףȵһ̶ֱӿ׷źʡ
ͨͨûЩۡŪ˸齱ŵѸһ˻һ⡣
淨̳Ͽġ
齱鵽һ߶Ů뻭ʲôŮĲУȷǲʲôܻ
ص̬ŪҲʼأίıʾΥɾС
ŮˣֱһѵĴߴ£ԼҪ
紵磬ϲҼҸˣһֱϣٴŮװܲԸ
仰һֱʱһƬƮһƬﻹӹüͬͼһ
˼׷ҲעȦ֪紵˭ҵķ˿ֻһߵͷӦ£һʣ˼Ҳ׷ǡ紵ôɰĳƺ˭ķ˿
ֱһƬ𾪣׷׾ò˼顣
Ůǲ⣬û̸һ
紵Ȧһλֵhǵķ˿
һ˵֣Щӡ
ֵhʮһӰǸŴ»ʵ˵¡ǿưȫֺ͵ݵָ̰ѽɫݻʮƾɫõ˽÷Ӱۡ
ΪгԵʣ˿˵۷塱
࿡㣬ӰڽɫҪŮװİࡣټǸ£ջһȺŮ˿
ֻ˼ξһֱаŮװıǩЩһֱתͣӵĶЩŵϷҲɹɫƤ
ˣ˵һӰͣ뿴ȹӣ𣿡˵꣬ٴθȷϡ
ִŴֻҪŮװҾ㡣
⼸겻ûб˻ֵhŮװֻӲԽԽģ뷨ԽԽ٣ûᡣ
Ӧ˵Ϲ˼һ£ֱʼ
һȥֵhǲӰò˵ľ
˴¹˼һ컭á
ֱʱŮһֱ๤ڼͺһʼĶ˷ſ˳Ů˼ĳ˲ϡ
欶ˡ
ֱﶼڸż
õʱ򣬺ѾԤеȥܻһ۵ĹעֱҲҵķ˿ɲԼ塣
֮Ǳȷһ£Ϊʵϰеûôָ̡ᣬԽӱĻ
ǣֵhǸŮװԵĻ紵Ⱥ󣬺һ
΢˽ҷ˿壬һξãø˷ôʱ䡣

ԣ¶ûȥˣ
ƽڽı½Ӱɳϵļ˵
š۾ͷ
ƽ⴩˯۴ӳ߹϶һ̡ǸոѺõƣǰЩŪֵģ⺰˹Ʒ
֮ǰ˵ЩҲˣʱü½ӰһۣȰһ䣺Ů˻ƢƽԵ̫С
ҲǼƽһĸһҾǾáǾί
½Ӱƽ⣺
ַ֪СƢˡ
𿴼ûС꣬ⳡҲһЦһñƲĺˡ֪еʱСкƵġ
ԣҾίһǿԴӸ˻飬ûΪǣˣ治ýӵĻҲ
˼·ԡ½ӰͻȻ
ʲô˼û
ΪǣԸ𣿡һ⣬½ӰȻ˹˿ھƣȼʱ͵
Ǹ˫ãɩίֲᴫȥ𺦺ûʹϲίԼһ
ʲôʵģѲ뱻ȦЩŮ˱˵ɩȷʵ˼ҵĺ⡣ǰӳһ˵ԲҲа
½ӰоصǰϸиСѧдҵһԲص㡣
˵ЩΪģǺ뷨Ҫ˼Ұ˼죬Щ.õĴҳʲô𣿡
ش˼
½Ӱʤ׷ţ㵽ûʹʲôΪˣΪΪеģ
ѧ˵ԸƽȵĺͨԲһսҿǳ˰ɣһҸͺӣԺò
Ӳ½ӰһٷЩŭ˵ңҪǻᣬô
½ӰͷһЦȹⱭľƣһִɳϡ
ȣ᲻ϲˣҪչˣչ˵ֻңǱˡΣҳ鲻ʱչҲһϲʲôڼֱһҲ£ɩȥ֮ǰûɣ
ǡ
˵УЩڨڨ
½Ӱҡҡͷ˵ͬᣬҽ֮ǰܴѾְѲˡֻҪţͿɩϺǸ˸˵˹
Ҳ̫˰ɡʾܲˣ
ⲻֻǲҰһί½Ӱתתϵķ顣ֲǷӳɻ飬ദʱ仹̣֮ûа
ʶҪ췴ôûаˣŵһʵʵ˻ȥ
γ֪½Ӱ˵ʵͺ֮ȷʵûжĸ飬ڲҲֻһͬӵĸ飿
˵һֱƫǸɩ˰͸˵ƽڿڡʲôĵط𣿡
½ӰҲ
ɩ
һڰѾ򾡡
Ǽͼҵˣһ޽ţ͸չŮУСһ㣬Сʱһֱɩ棬Ȼ裬һͳҡ
ʮĤڷιȥҪɩϵűȥңûˡ
ߵʱҲǿ޵ιȥ˺þòŻ
ҵһӦվɩǱߣڶ˵ɩһС¥ץèŭҲšɩ¡
ƽüͷһš˵ʲôŸˣ˵ţ
ͷ
½Ӱ˿ƽ⣬ʮĬʼ硣
ǡð


 52 

, ˳ȥμһɶԡ
յƽһԶõܣĹϵԶǰ˸Ӵ֣, о͸ƽת
һȥ, ƽҲԸ
ոƽ, ûϾ˽ʵľۻƽ֮ǰû
Щ֮ľϲƽ, ½Ӱͼһˡ
½Ӱ˵, Ȧﶼ֪ƽ˽QLע, ȥչ, ҪȦչʱ
ɼǱ紵ģ
λǳƾ, ٳֳϡ
˵ʱ򣬰ѾʮˡȦеóŵϺŵļүǧ
, С꣬оˡ
۾⣬һˣ̽˺ͱ˵˵Ц, Цӭ
ллƽһ¾ˡ˿λûֱȥи硣½ܣܡ
ƽ, Լһ£ô֣С
ЦĿҪϲ£, òײûʧ̬Ӱ磬硣
ܱƽܸλյõ
½ӰЦŵͷӦƺֿȴһӶ̫ƵЦһʱӲ
м͸硣бһۣĮ
õġһۿĻţĿƽ⡣ĿѯʵζԼǲʲôطǼˡ
ƽһ¡Ǽ˵ķ½ӰҲǣ
ȵɳһûðֽһˡĶǺƽģ󲿷ֶͬѧ
м˵ߣ׷
ϧһͿɳɢϢļ
׷ͣ½Ų
˰ɣѧʱʵ˲ΰ¼úһкɫɫʵĳƫƫʲô͵¶ɡ
ɵƽ׽˺˭浽һʱתĲ档
˭Ҳ֪ʲôʱһ仰
ĿǰϺڵͲˬǲҪǰյĺá
½Ӱע⵽ǼΪɫԣʹĶǣƽǱ߹ȥ
ǰһ䣺úٳ嶯ˡ
һ˼ˬ
·ϣû˵û
һֱ˵绰ͣ˲ţýȥšΪ򱧲ƽ˼
ôɵվںǱߣǶɶһ£˵ûбҪƭ
ǣ˱Լš
ִϵĹ˿ӣңһ߽һ߻뵱ʱɩΪ
ڼլҲʹʱӦӡ
ɾ˵Ǳץè£¾ܴĻԡʱճ
񡭡ȷʵûҪƭ
ó嶯ֱ֮ӻʾš
˵ģɩʹˡ
һͷ컨壬Ϸյĳڳ
ץܵиӰɣ
ؿߵһʣ֪ɩȥûӽȥ
ôһˮʯ£ɩûôûôĵʵʩ
ǡ
۾ﰵһ̧ǰһߣ輸ûôǹһӣһ¼
һжүӷԸɩģ֪֣ɩ
ɩΥүӵ˼ܱҲӰ첻ϲԸɴ˳ˮհ졣ԵɶԵϣѹץè¡
Ҳ˽ԼӡӲ
ƾӲӣû½ӰƽһٷȰ룬Ļһֱս
Ҫȸ
ô붼
̧һߣǰǻش輸ǰƶһСξ롣
߽ò׺Եһĺ⣬һЦҪڣͿò輸
һ͡͸硣
վľ֣ο󱳡
ȥк˰ɣ
ָмæͷ˲ϼûѸһ
Ȧ󲿷˶֪ΨһϹŮѾǽֵȫУ֪
˶̾Ǹ粻̫
״̬µļɲҽӽǽɡ
ŶȣһִֻϥϣһֻźɳһַŵСԽԽ࣬һ̸˵أ˵ͣ
û⵹ע⵽ȹ
ĸŮ˹
һ̧ۿһЦһ١
Ĺ 󷽵ࡣ¼һϰˡ
ܽҲûĿŵĳ̶ȣ˵֮仹һȭͷľ롣
ֻ룬һһŮѾ㹻ˡ
Ǽɳϴţ΢ôһԶͺǰ§ڻһ
ЦӯӯĿڣ˭
һۣĿ䵽˵󱳰źɳȻĸ첲ͷ˾ǡܰ
ջߣ˵ǰһЩҺðҸ첲
ôţ첲ֻų飬̫Źۡ
ŶԵǰ˲䣬ûŲλáֻ΢΢ǰȷʵ˼ֵĿռ䡣
ûѲ輸ϻԭλãòкõĹܹ͡
ǰһһǳ۵ĺۼ׽
һסӣЩЩϲèժһɫëʾ⡣
ȥС¥ֻʱסˮ塣
֮ǰ·ûȥƷҲӦоСˮ˵󲻴˵ССһ顣
ĵطë
Ҳ֪첲ʲôʱմϵġ
šӦ
ϸǸë㻹ǵѧУιֻҰèţƵģܿɰǰĻ䡣
ǵá˵һʱҲ˻䡣һ·ŷֵġ
ʱǳؼǲΥүӡ
㻹ǵҸȡʲô𣿡ͻȻڴ
㡣
̲סһЦԣǵ㡣ΪССС㣬ͽе㡣
һֱעߵˬʵЦ׷״һŴչ
м˺ͬ죬֪¡ղΪо鸴ȼͷ
λǸˣ
֪壬ȻǼٻǵóΣ
ô˼
˵ͻˡ
˵ЩȻˣǼһֱûЩɫȥ
һӿϥϵֻ֣ʳָṴָѹſӡ
ǼͷС
ѸǣһȦ֣ء
ԺҪЩˣ֪Ѿ𣿡
˹գȴȫĽ㡣
Щ˼Ǹ˵һ䡣ָ̧½Ӱƽ˸ݰݵƣƿžҪ볡
˲ϱ˿۹⣬׷˳ȥ
ͣ׷ϼСڹҰ˵ȥ𣿶ԲҲ֪㲻빫
ɢĿųţתŲԿףƮƮһۡû֨
ǰһ΢΢ǡ
¸ڣʮһţǼͰ̵ļաܺһȥЩ겻ڱһֱûлᣬϸ뻹Ǻܲ
תĳԿױһץס
ûģüвơԴ
ҽˣֻҵ̫̫ȥ衣ҪȥԼȥҳϹϵ
У°˰ǰͽˣЩеûĵС˼Ҫܳǰ˷ʱ䡣
øϽȥǸء


 53 

Ȼﻹ, Ĩ档
ǺӻҪҲ룬ɩүǱʱ䴦һ¡
ȷʵ˺, ǾͺúùȥǸɡ
С¥
ȥ·ȸ绰, ֻ㿪ͨѶ¼, һ붼ʱˣѾ˯, ְֻֻ¡
ʻ, ԶԶͿһƬ, ֻԺյСš
³˿Ժ, ɹǰƲƲ, ¥Կһۡ
Ǹ²ϣȻҪǸ, Ҫһʱ
Χˣ඼һƵĿȣǲˡ
ֻܷȥ
߶Ȼ, ֱӷ̫ܷȥ
سѳ·ǰ˼ףͣһ˵ĵط
λ, ԴӳǰϳٴӳʵΧԺӵ档һģܵԺ档
ǳá
, ˳ʵϣȰȺȥű±ġ
ȷʵԺϧ°ڱ˶˵ļǹסһ£˺һһĿӣɫͷڿҡͣ
һ˵ĵطߵſڣָƽ
ûãûָɾ
˿̧žҪ¥ߡһë׵ĺӰͻȻűߡ

һѰڻҡҡôû¥˯³ѹ
Ȼ뺫ܱ
Բ۾ＤĶȥ
𶯱𶯣ұ¥ȥ㡭ӣ裿
һ¥һĥŵ׸ζͺĹϵӡе㲻С衱ָоֵֹģͺͺĳֵܽô
вС
˸취ȥҺ
ǵ¥ͷԵĴûأֵĳͻȻеţ¼ӿٶ߹ȥһ
ϸûˡ
ʲôأһҿ˵
ȵĵƶ򿪣¥¥˼顣ŷӦԸ绰
һְţһָȥ
Բûѹػ
١
ŵϣԼȥš
¥ſڵıȥûпȥ
Ǳ߰ÿ˼ҵǵι̣һʾʵ֪Ϣ
̫̫ȥˡ
ãлл
ѵ绰ˣҧֻȥ
һȣҹмǱߵļЩļǰԷģȫӢġ
ԼʶӴЩζżʼĸˡ
ļմ򿪣ͽӵĵ绰
ܣ൭üôʲô¡
绰ǱߣûֻֻֽȭԼƽ˵
ȥҲһ£̫̫١
á
.
ǡ
⡷ȡء
ϴһֱȣ޽ǴкʸͣʾվָǰͿʼ
֮ǰô˵ģݵǸ֪ʲôǸ𣿣ഺ٣ĸղɶġһǣӲǸ.ɫĸоҶǺ
ʲôģûˣ
һѽ⵽ϣһߡ
ƬԱһ仰Ҷ˵
ץһƿˮЦ׷ȥ뿪жξ뻹һֱȰȰΪ˲ӰĽȡ
ݻһŭ𣬡ûģĳô˭أȶӵ۾ȥͶʷ׬ǮǮôȥףƲգ
վƬ䣬䲻е󾱴һˬعͷֵhľɭ֪ʱ˹
һ綯Сȸ硣
ˣɭСȵݸЦŴȤȦﶼ֪£Ա˵ýҲдҲ֪
ⳡϷ⾰˶Ҳһ硣
ÿ˶ȣ̱ıԵ
ǹԱҪһֱ߶˵һֱվһ¿ġûɹȻҲûжȡ
ӹСȣΪԱص
ɭ۹һ
ŵǷǳ⣬û뵽ôиԡͷһЦ
ղű볡λĵӾܳҲǺλ桶ˡһȻĸס
ӡȽϰû뵽Ƣôࡣ
ɭһЦŪЩʧ񣬶Żָ
ĿһζЦЦİ֮ǰ˵£㿼ǵôˣ
˼״ɭֲ쵽ղţŵĹҲˣ˵ҲȷʵɣͨĹԱԱرġ
ҿԸ㱣֤һɫܻ𡣸οҲȫˣ֮ǰҲϹ𣿡
ҪͻȻ˳ߴ󺰡
ɭ磬hء
ɭغһ䣬ֵhƽʱһұضǳʲô¡øϽȥ
ٿǿǣ㡣
ǰֱ갴΢˽šͻȻһ֤ĻV˽ɭ
żɽĽԼֵhľˣӷ˿Ǳ߿˺ֵhŮװͼΪڷȦӰ̫ܲע˳ҵ˺΢˽һºǰǰʷ
˵ֵh¸ҪΪԼĵһ׸MVһŮԽɫʮľͷ
ɭƬֵhֵhʺϣίϵɲԳһ¡
ʵ̫⣬ôҲû뵽һŻ롣
һʼûӦ֮ǰһñ˽¡
ɭǱߵܸȤ
ɭ˵ιۿ˽һЩճ
̫׷磬ûֱӽӴ顣ô˵ܸȤ˽⵽ֵhھڰγϷ͸ˡ
һ뵽ԼŻ̫¶Ӵ˾͸㣬Թ˻Ʊɹ
絽һֱֵhB鿴ϷǱ߷Χܺãһ͹
A飬û뵽¡
ֹһ˻ϻ֮ǰץƿˮҲûӡ
ĵչչ
ɫ磬һ˻ؾƵҲû˼ɴֹȥA顣
ֵhһϷһֻı۰¶棬Ծƶƣʱʱ˦亹ˮ
֮ûʽĺֵh˵ϻɭ˵ȻϿMVŮװͼɹڻ˲
ʾ⡣
ɺ˳һСʱϵϷˣͿתսһ
ѾȫȺԱͱȥò͡
סƵģȻǻؾƵáɭֵhסһҾƵ꣬һͬǱߡ
ҾƵǰΨһһǼģûͳ׷õĺ󴲼ֻ䡣
ǮֱӶƵʣµһ󴲷
ֵhߵԼķ䣬кҲһֱˢ롣
ɭΣЩ˼Ŀۺû£һֱղųϢ
ߵķ䣬ˢſ
ʵ˵Ǻ󴲷ʵҲûȥһžһխСĹ䣬ֱ߹սȥǴ
ſЬϿһۣע⵽һЬһ˫
ֱӸû뿪ɭ˵ɭ磬ǸMVҿ˰ɡ
ǹʶι۾飬ûҪӦġ
ΪʲôɭǺܳԾΪѾ˵ˡʲôǿԺú̸
ôһĲ
ҺܸлϿңѾˣﻹϣҲҪ֮ǰ̫ͷĲ˼
ˣ⡢⡭û䰡ôһƯôͽأɭеʹġ
Ϊϲ˼ɭ硣ٴǸ
û£˵ĺǿܲǿ㣬ȥh˵һ¡˵תֵhķߡ
.
ſĶһ
Ƭ°͹γһѪۣİѵƬ£ֽס˿ڡ
ŵЬŽߵſڣѶŷ죬ʼ͵
ֱʲôɭ硱ʧ뿪ŽŻصǰ
ղźӹεһ룬һûꡣ
̧ŲֹѪֽϲһһĹѪҺֽ̣ճ˿ϣôһûб£ֽмѪҺһ
üӣϸժ¡
űաһšſҪ;ϵļЩȻ
ʲôأ
Ӻ󣬺ò״﷭һŴ˼񣬿׼°ϡ
̫ˡ־
ûʰղűҵ·
죬ָѾ˴ķ˺뷨
ĿƣҲҳһһǣһһֱĺ
ôȥа
ǰ̽̽ӣһºļ
㿪ɵʰ
һ˸ģץźļ
ﰡ֡
Ůੲ治ϲ
һҵǶס
ء
һǱϣͺ࣬ƽһճģůᡣ
Ǹģ˵Ű°ͷŵϣĲҿֻŤͷĶ˵Ҳò׵ǸҴˣԺ󲻻ˡ
˵ˣҲûôڡ
ֱϺ۾Ŀ̹Ȼ
գ۾ʣôͻȻ֪أ
Ҳ˼أɩʱȷʵŸӣҶԲ˵ֹȥ§
һ㣬ôĸ̨ס
ǡôĲм´ûмأ𣿡
šץ֣һ¡ұ֤Ժһֱš
ûٳ
˵ʵȫû뵽ϴѾ˴Ӵ˺ˮˮĴ㡣
ҹʱ˳Ծĵôһ˿ֵġο
㹻֤Ҳô޿ɾҩ
֮ǰ˵ĺúùҲôٴգƣ֪͸ĵ̬Ǻõġ
Ժܷչʲôſɡ
ͻȻһ£æӿ㶵ͳһ
Ⱥ壬͸оϴһϸ΢⡣һǳƯʯ
ʲôʡ
Ǹ񡣡ᲦŪһ¡
ⶫǰӱõġ
ֵǮ
һ
Ǹɣо仰ʲôţԣů˼.
򴽣ͻȻʼеİѺͷɨһ顣
ִյߣʣ˰ɣ
һۣ˵ǲǳ쵽Щ.ɫϡ
ί㻳еڣˡ
һҹ㡣
׼ʱӱѺ§ڻļ
Сָ嵽ָ䣬ʮָգ͵عа׵ָ
ѡʲôĻأ


 54 

˯, ԺڲŪָüͷİ۾Ȼĳøˡ
̧һ, Ӽֳ, ץűһ, Ѽĸ첲ڱ档
ЩΣֶץ¡Ĭ뻹ѡյ, ѹͣŪ
üͷĸ, ۾Ҳ, ֱӰԴͷһת, ȥ
졣ɤЩɳ, Щû˯ѵĺ
Ĭ۽üҾһҹµ⡣
ü, Ц¡漴ƿ˴˫վϣַŵ߱קקȷֻһԴ¶, طʵʵ󣬲Ьȥ䡣
Ŵʵڹۣԥǰժ£ʹʹ˸衣
ϴΧԡ, ִӴͷ˸žӰպȥ
һУ·¥ȥ˷̨
ڷв, ǿǵ˯ֻԵ¥°š
ͻڱ档
˿һʽʽ㣬ѵЩᡣ
˽뺰ԷϾһ׼ʱԲõϰߡ˵ڶﻹһҪȳ˸롣
һ뵽½ӰǿҪغԸƽദ־üȻ˯˯ٳһٲʲôӰ졣
˿޷Ӧ˯üĺվԼһĬĬ緹
һ߳һֻ˼պ鱦ʦƷ˳۵ķһͺĻôơ
˵䣬ͻȻа׹һ֣Ŵһţɫ
񡭡
۵ʱѾʮˣѹͷ˸һͻȻߵһȵ塣
ٲѣҾҪˡϵıʼǱϷŵͷϡ
۾˯еƬ˼Ͼϡ
оϤһѡ
㻹û߰
ΪôҪϻر
Щ£ʲô˼㲻һȥ
Ǹ⿪Ӧһؼô
һЬߡһڰ졣
ò׳һˣڼʱнǮûӡȻúһء
죿ıӰС¥һ㲻˰
˵ͣʵЩɣʲô𣿡
ϾĿϱǷǷģӺͲúϽ׷ʡ
ԶιʳιˮŪһڵҲˣҲˣèҲ׼ˡһڲ⡣
ûźãҲܷĳ
һҡҡԴǶĻشеʧ
ôһӣԼһڣš
ҡҪ
סŵǲ֪էһжˣβͶҪ̵ȥˡ
˵һк˵߾ߣҲ̫ˣôһ
ҲԼһܿµ¡
Ҫǿҽͣһ᲻к𣿡һۡ
ҡ
ʲôЦЦ۾Ƶζ˵Ĳ𣿡
ţ
ţüЦ
һں²ȥϱǧ򻯣ʮɫ
ջߣ̧ߣûĵ
֮ǰ͵½Ӱˣչ
һЦϿһۣƿš
źϴʱ򣬼ִ绰˷ݲ͡
ƻЩˣȻҪµġ
ϴóһ¾ͱһ㾪ˡ
֪ƫһ֣ҾͶһЩ͵
ʱ䡭ǽϵıһۣƵ껹ṩ𣿡Ӧöæ׼Ͱɡ
ҾƵ½ӰģкС
Ŷ˸̻ư
뵽ĿΧһۡұøӦӦôһƵ꣬Ȼûͳ׷ס̫ˡ
̲ס˸ۣǮ˼ҵүûԹͷĺ󴲷һֲֵҪǸ˵ǰķ仹ûһ󣬲֪ʲô顣
ԸɵĲϡģʢһࡣΣԡ
Ϻһɫ䣬æֲüݹ
ߡһͷģ˵źɫһףһԭء
ŻŰ£§źΪЩ񣺡ô˺㻹𣿡Щ޴룬Ӳĸĺ󱳡
ûСһŻ
û£һӾû˴뾫ɫ⣬һ¡
ոʢƤࡣ
Ǩŭĵ࣬򶨵Ľٷ˵ġ
Щһֱ𣿡֪Ů˻л£סС¥ʱ򣬺û¹ָôΣҲûء
Ҳãû췴Ӧô󡣡
˵ȴЩšĿź극̲סҪȻرɣͦڵġڳô
ϣҶ·ˡеί
ȥ̬ȻǺǿȻ˵ҪغԸʧȥǣܲʲô˳ɡ
ȥݹ԰ιӣȥǿשߡ
ûг̰Ӧ
״һղŽӺõˮߡ
ײ첲֡

סǵģиҪײײȥСײô졣
οһۡ
⿴ȥһۣϺ˫峺˵۾ˮ˲ûץסĵݣһС
ȫ޷סԼ˽ȥ
죬͵ڶһС£òãЩڴĿ
˫۾Ư
̾ʧں۾ʻͷһ
ðش

簴ƻȥ˱ݹ԰
ȻǸγУʵľֻгǶƬשߵĽȺ֮⣬һжͨ
ݹ԰ҲֻǺͨһ԰Ϊ԰һ׸ߵľ޴ݵܶ
ԺݵΪԲģ뾶ʮ׵ĵطǸС㳡
㳡ȫǸӡ
ҲһЩĵطˡοҲ١
Щӡ뻹Ÿ룿
ӹϣһСѡ
⡱һȺ򶶶ʡ
ЩӸöͦÿģʵ̫Բ
ЦһҲ֪㿴ǳԵֳӣɲˣ³Ʋ̫á

˹ؼʱӰ顣
ƽϣתϷŵģֱ첲ָƽ̯
һֻԲĸųץźĸ첲վ档Ϊǰ⻻һ·
ֻ̫ˣ·Ҳ㲻̫񣬱צôһץ̸еʹһ塣
һֱϣʵעںϡƼ鲻ԣšüͷֻ޷ʵĸߣץźĸ첲һ·һ
۴۵ĺܡ
áҧгݵ
ͷƣ⡣
ιȥ˹ҹУҹԱܼСԼࡣ
ʳ棬Ҳˡ˳Ҳԣ۰ͰüȥŶӸ򿾴
Դҡĸ˹һввУٲҲܳ·̯⣬̫ˣ
Һüûˡ
ҲУȻȥҽڲԡ
һģһҽò
ɣźӲ̫ľܾȷһ飺һ
ţһҷġ
ʵ֤˵Ļš
˵üһʮ˸ݹһʣµĶԼĶӡ
Щơ
ϣ˴ꡣ
ӱѺȦڻվڴ߿档
ڲԤ˵ҹڶ磬бꡣ
湻Ǻˡʧ˵ѵóһˣȻֻι˴θӡ
ʮһа𣿡ͻȻʵ
һڣںĵطзɿһ˿
ʮһûаһؿڡɢô벹һУ
ǣҡұΪҲóȥİˡ
΢һͷ°֧ںͷϡ
ҾͲˣһҪһĺ飬Ҫȱϯ
ۣ˲ͷ
סΪѶֵ⡣
лҪ˵˾úȫĻ⣬֮ǰеĻΪ˱ƻ飬ĿѴﵽҪˣĻǲͼչġ

 55 

ǵĴԤ˵ĻҪһЩ, ڶ˾Ƶ꣬Ӱǻؾļƻ
ֱ캽ſɡ
һأͽǡ
ڳ, ͳ˵Ź, 岻, Ҳ濴
ʱֵĵ, ·˷ǳ, ֵĺܡ
;·һСѧſ, øϷѧʱ, ͣ˼ҳӺӵĳ
ǳ࿪ٶȽ, ǵĳӵĵ·һͣһΡ
ѧУſڣĶˡ
ǼҹСѧ, ѧУУǳɫģÿѧϼϵźԶԶȥ˳ﱻϺɫǩĳӡ
ΪԼ뵽еЦ, ۹һͻȻ·һͩ£СӡΧһϴүת
Ϻƣͣ¡
ڿ屻ͩï֦⵲סϴү, ͣһܾɵг˸װ඼һݵӡ
ʱȻ, ĹϾһƶ
ĻͷƼȡ

ƽ忴ûϴһЩļ۾䲻һ۾Ļţ°΢߶˶
ţ
һ£̧ͷˣɻĿ
ųһָ
޻ǡ
˳ָķۣüͷϰ塣⼸죬ΪʱһЩ·̯Ķüϰߡ
һӦǾòֹһô桢ε񣬾ܾĻôҲ˵ڡ
࣬Ҹطͣ£Ȼȥ̫̫һԸ
ȴ⣬ͷչȥһ绨գգ۾
ġ
Ŷ
·߳ʵڲ٣ҵͣĵطʱѧУſѾ˼ʮ׵ľ롣
ӵƽ壬ŻĲ³ߡ
³첲棬֧ԴԶıӰ۾Цԡ
ӺӾһۣƼ⸱ģлް
֮ǰļ㲻ãڿӣദĻ
£ӲദջߣںӾͳһۣƿĵ
ҷ֣ҶĺӣԤƵĸһЩ
΢һüŶ
µƣδ⣬һ˸ɵơ
뵽һ㣬ʳࡣ
֪үӵ״𣿡
˵һ죬һֱסԺơôˣ
ûʲôҺͼûм˼ңƺ̫ҡ
ɩͻȥҲ֪ĲǲǸһ㡣
һЦ޵ֲʲô̬ȡѼëߣ˳ˣƽºӣٲϲأ
˵Ҳǣ̾˿Ϊаɣǰһ׵£ǲһЩ
Ϲ䣬ʮӺ󣬼ڻˡ
鲻̫ã˳Ͼһ·Ķǰһݡ
Ρ
Զ͸ˣ·
ѣʱΪɩĳֶеĳͽŶѹȥ
ͻȻȤζͷⲻӼϵĶ
װĵѽɫôôã
ʹүվһѺŶϵ·޻ǣȲܲСӵĶӣҪǵߴߴܻмõСô˻޻ǰ
ô룬үĥ
Ȼôһʣһûסųܿĵط޻ǵһ£͵͵һۺ
Сİɡݺݵġ
·̾ͺ˳ûٳֶ³
ѳ⣬лȥϼʻλѳС¥
վԺſڵϾűһ޻ǡ
ʱע⵽źµûˣ֪ʼ֮ǰϣôȥģ
ȻһԼҵԺţʮֵʼ磬΢вмĻش
㲻ַ֪ſ𣿡
ǳ˵ǰҹĵ绰٣Ǿ˵ǸʱŽŷڼҡ
ļҹ˾ҹ
ɵĿһۣת뵽ԼݣֻҪǮλӦҲ˽ӵ
һۿЩ飬鼱֮˸ð취
һۺڰе޻ǣºԲͷŪ˸ģһ·Ҳͳһ롣
ԵĺǿһԡûЩµСƵģסһطҧһڣԵĥĥĿȫǡ
ܺá
úһע⣬ץԼһ

ͷһգűʣһߺݺҧȥûҧףûһק˺һš
ְסĺףһ޻ǣĴϽһ
˫һˮ
źĴҲ£뿪ԸԳһ޻ճ˺ϣûȫеĵط޻ë׵ģȥ˰׺һ
⣬Ц۾гһ졣
˽ӲĶסֵĿ̲סְԴչȥĿʼƣгԵĻ²죬֪ҵ˰ɣ
һצӺȥסͿʼ
֡
һϴ
ϴȥϵǣˮԼս¡
ˡ
еס
ںôôίҲúǣҲôҰɣ컹Ҫȥ˾أñ˿ô졣
ҹô졣
룬ҪʵӰ첻ãŲֻʹ
ûݵ¥䡣
ڿʱҹΪżû˵ϸ
ע⵽ȥס֮ǰ˷ǳı仯
輸һģ֮ǰľͷġ
ŵĵ̺֮ǰǻɫģǰɫġ
شĴҲˣ֮ǰķȫһ
ӹԭŵСҲһޣġ
طٶڵµı仯
ԽԽСҵĸо
ɢĿǽͷһЦ޷ݳȫĸܣǸ̫ӣ̫ٸн
ֻ֪ԵǸ˺㡣

ԡ
һ
ͻȻվֱӣ¥ϸϡ
㲻Ҫ˰ſ˫ֱۡ
ڷҪϴ·ȴˡżæŵ¥Ϊʲô¡
Ū£·ͦˣҴڹȥӣ˵Ҳŵ½ǡ
ôУҡҡͷһΪеֵı顣
½Ӱʲôɴŵģߣھͳؼҡ
һˣȻҪ롣
лҪ˵12һһ

 56 

Ĺ̺˳, ֪½ӰǷסĵطС¥ܽҲǶ, ҪС¥С, ԵøȤҲʮӵʱ䡣
һȥ, ͱԺӾסˡ
С¥ԺֵĶǻʶ, ȥ֮Ҳûôܹ, 
û뵽ԺȻҲл, ֻС·żҩ
ԺĵطֱһһЩͷúܽ, ѵѼ, ʵĴ, ʲôӡƹϡ޻
˰ɣСֹʵǰģԴһɲ԰ˡ
лĴͳ°, ҿɾ㰡ɲ׼ۼԺŪͻȻɫһ࣬ļ򣬺ľ㲻, һ޶һ
Ŷһۡ
壬ǿš
ǳ󣬺ǵһθ档
è, ʵ
ţ鷳ˡЦЦ
鷳ǲ鷳ҺӰϲèֻΪʰèëһֱû¶һֻ
ݣһ۾Ϳ½Ӱɳöè档
ңǼҵèͦиԵġǰʾ⣬㿴Ӱô
Ͷˣüһأ˳ܹȥ½Ӱļֵܣèɣ߰ĺܣʲô˶ϴɱȥ
½ӰƳһۣͣϵĶ˸롱Ķ
üк
һ
ԴһۣҡβûӦ
½Ӱ˹ǣбһۡ
Ŀȫ̵ĺ΢΢ڼõʱԼҲǰ˳ģž
ŹȥЦʹ٣ζˬ𣿡

½ӰûסЦ
̾˿Ҳߵɳë׵һţܼˮһ
𣿡
һӾͱಡһиͣ
סͷ˲䡣
˺õĸʲôƵġ
һЦʹ٣֪˭氮˰ɣ
èɡǡ
ļ䣬ᣬԺЩߵ¡
ȻͷǿʣµĶֵģɣ
ͦõġЦû뵽˽»İá
˵ǿúһЩҪȻҲԲꡣ
ǴȥԺӣָȥùô
Ӱ˵㻳ˣǴʱץ֣
š
ҰѰɡ
µʯϣַƽ˵ǰѧҽģŪˣǿԵġ
û˵ϵ֣ʱע⵽ֱһǳ۵˰ֱ̣
ϴλϣΪףû⵽
˰ɣͦõģʱȥҽԺļ鲻һֵ
һ·ݣЩԾ
ЦЦûͣڵϵȥ
߰ɣȥǴ档
һͨҲϵ֮һϵһƬ
Һôװã½Ӱһͳš

رĵ죬ȥҽԺ˵һм졣
ǰðţڳʱҪһ
˭û뵽׼һѰҽԺǱͻȻ˵绰
˵үͻȻԣĿǰȣҪ˹ȥǩְ
֮Լ͸Щ̫õ˼˺ͼ˽Լͼҵ鲻˵֪һֻеġֱ׵ĸ߼ͺԺͼͳлԸӶ˹ȥ
һֻñʾ⣬üϽϹȥԼһ顣
ҪȥҽԺѰҽԺһξ롣
ﻹǾʮΣʱӦøһȥɾΪүӲֻί
Ǹͷ֣صںͷһǡó㣬ȥ顣
绰ҴҿѰҽԺȥ
ֵһϳĳ
ЦҾԽԽķˣȻмһ졣
ҲЦ˭뵽ڼأ
绰˼׼λ˽Ѿˮݵĳ̶ȡ
ĪЩǣ룬ĵĸүͻȻԼʲôӰ˵˾档
һӦҲ֪ʮȥǱʮꡣһʼӴϵҵ񣬶ǴǱߵķֹ˾֡
ع֮ǽӹܼϣ֪ʵүӸûȨʵֻǸڼүӵĬ£ܹƹϡүͻȻĿڲٹܡ
㻹ǾܷģҲűӴһЩ˽µĲҵй˾û˼ϣҲɻǼ̫̫
ڼϺķ˲ѪٵȴҪ͸ˡ

ġ
еǲô˵ͻȻ뵽ռ˵ʮһҪĺ顣
ʣҪĺ飬֪𣿡
ɿüǵüûκг̡Ǻ˵ôƶǼ׿˵ġǾֻһܡ
ӦԼ˾Ǳߵ£ڼүƤ¶
ͷ
.
ûлؼҡ
յ΢ţ˵үȻȹˣһʱѡҪţԼڼҺúչԼ
˵á
˻¼ԼĹƱ˺ţԥһǰѼϵĹƱˡ
һԤУδĲãϻ᲻ȡ
һҹƽ¡
ڶϣҽԺߡ
ͺԣͳлԣһҹ
ԲеʩУ˷ֱռһɳЪһ
ͺԺͼͳлԸֱЪϢһͳлԻûѵʱ򣬼ͺԱȥʳô˷
ȼѵʱǷˡ
ͺԵȻ򷹣Ҳûǣһȥϴ˺ӣȻ󵽼үӴǰվ˼ӣץ±Ŷ
֣ʲô˼ˣͳл𾪡
ţˡͺԵͷ࣬ƽʱҪӲһЩ
ʮһŰ
һ䡣
ʮһţǹ졣
ǽЩһ㶼̫Ӱӡ
վҽԺſڣЩѹ
ĸһӰ졣
ʻųĹ԰ȥ·Щ¡ʱѾӽ磬ֻһҲĻҳӽջһꡣ
һĹ԰ſڵĻ꣬ҪһˮٺϡĹ԰߹ȥ
ĸᰵĹһĽ䡣
ѻ£Źڵϡ
ĹϵƬƬѡģᰶʮӡ
Цޣü⡣
ĸ׸ʽ̬ϲһ֡
裬һЩҽˡ
ô˵أǸܡᰮԼŮЦһӦôģǻˣһǲ˵
ɣٸദһ꣬һٴʱӻŮ
㲻ҵģ𣿡
ۻһ̶ȣһкû򣬱㿪ʼOO@@㡣
ûĨһϵˮһЦ⣬߶߶š
үӵ塭
Ҳ֪˵˶ã˶ã֮Ըоȿʼ˵ʱͷҲͻȻûˡ
΢΢̧ۣͷϷһѺɫɡ
ʣŭɶС㲻˵ҪأôҪΪʲô㣿
ڰٺϵıʪĻϡ
ҪǨŭҵӣûиʲôӡ
ҧŴۿл顣
Ϊʲô֪㺦˼Ͱ𣿣


 57 

Ϊʲôߺ
Ϊҡ
ȻѾŵһúù, ɷ¶Ҫʱ䡣
һ£ʵһ¡
˵ĸ׵ļգѵʲô
ĸʲôʱ, ι, ܴĿܽһʵͺԡ
Ҫ˵Щνŵݻµưܲ
һ䶼ԸĹȥ, Ѫܵչʾ
Ҫʱ䡣
һ㣬Ҫʱ˼ܷϡ
ͷ̧, б, , 䣺ûк
, һ˲ɪ, µڡ
˸ǶʣΪʲôûиӣͰ̵£
ĸж, 꿴һ
ںӣܲ˵Ͱ̵¡
ΪǼԾɶԵѹ󣬲ּ֪ķϲļͰ̡
ɡ΢΢һһֻŵֲ˲۽ǡ±, ˵ײүү˵ûмӡ
СҿĳүүͲϿȢһλ, ܸܲңһ㣿
ֵ˵ٺϻϵˮվ, һĹϼĸЦ
תһڽĶɫһס
ƨ¡
ô᲻¡
ǵһȹЩڰӵ˰
ɡ׷ȥڼǰɡ߸߾棬ꡣ
Сĺ
Ҳ˵һһҪȱ˽ġΪͰ̵£Ȣ˭㶼ܺá
ֻΣΪΪڶͰ̡ûа
̫Ѩĵطоһͻһͻģǿûǰƿ
ĽŮʿô³ĶȻҲܽɡΪ
ɡķƹȥվĻһù°ɣ߰ͷ­
ƾʲô˵ҲԿ϶Ժаġ
㰮Ϊʲôε˼Ͱ̵ĺమ˲ܣӦøһ𡣡
һԼļȫܲ˵Ůˡ
һʼеŭͿЦָоֻά˼ѣƶ͸۾
˺ܶǰĸףҲӡ
ѾѼͺԺǶĸ˵ЦƬڵĸǰˣǼᶨΪͺûƭ
ĺһǲϴμҸ档
ûҲҪٳǰǽǼͰ̵ġ
Ͱ̣Ͱ̣Ͱ̡
ʲôϵ
ͷĴҴûϲ㡣ʲôǿΪȥһ
Ҵûϲ㡣
Ҫòסɡ΢ۿº϶ɬ⣺ʲôʲôСûϲң
ʽġ
Ҳÿһѧһιèһ֡
ҳ˵ȢǸĶˣôûϲأ
Ըٸ˷ʱ䣬ţת˸һƳȥ
㵱Ϊʲôҡ
ձͱӱס
ɡҲҪˣһӣݺݱĺϣ޺Ҫһش
ȴһΪ֢Ķˡ
Ĺ˲ʿĽתһ󲽣˵ԭ
˵䣬ĵ˵
˯ҵķ䡣·ұŵı˲ռ𣿡
ٶ˵һ䣬һ˶ʮ꣬Ů˲٣ֻ΢һͱû𣬶ġ
ֻҵӣҵһ׷ġ
ȻûڣѾƵ·ˡ
.
ĸ׽ᰣʱ赸ҳʢﲢΪ˫歡
ڼļƯ˵ˮһŮˡۺʱεأ϶˸ЦЦݡ
Ǻ˵ˣûһ
һֱΪԼӵĸ׶еԺǵѧУ֯ʲôӻĸǻø־µĵľȫʱָܸ
ֻͯ︸׵λǿŵġ
ͺԻؼҵƵʴһһΣÿÿҹأߡ
ǼĸÿɩһֱڼͺԻؼҵһѣǸǲԼĸ׳ʲôӡ
ͺԶҲûʲôЦһֱǵĽûб飬һһͷ
˳һٲ̲緹һദ
СһЩʱ׷ʼĸ§ͼͺǶôôææŽϷչ׳һһҪΪôԱֻԼСҡ
ĸ⡣
ˡҲѯʹڸ׵¡
ֱٴһЩĳ𣬿˼жĵӰѪͷ
Ҳ֪ôģ˭û˵һӿȥ¥¶ң˼ͺ졣
һУס
ʲôæһҡ
Ѽ֤ݣ㽻ĸǻصңĸ˵ЦĸֿʼǰľᣬȫͼͺԽʱµƬкĻɴպͼСʱƬ
ĸһһܽܵ˼ͺƭʮʵ
ʼɣЩƬȻҲʱ
ֹЩӣ¼ٻؼңײϼͺҲڣ϶ĸ̬ʮĮ
ĸ˵Сӣǹ壬ڵĶ˲赹ˮ
ȼͺˣ޿̵óЩƬڼĸǰ
š
£ӵصԼĸף
أ
ͷڴϣḧżĶ䡣ԱߣԴĴϣֻһԲԲĺԡ
ܸоµģġ

ŭڼĸˣҲָеίɴʲôٹܣʵʵѧУסޡ
ڶ죬ǳĤס
ûʲôףټҲȫ֪ʲôʱϵġ
ɩҹűӲʵݿȣֽų鴤ôжвѡ
ҹ͵ҽԺҹ˲Σ֪ͨ
ҺòˣҾ֪顣
ɳƣںϵ΢΢˶
û׷ʣִĶŲŵĺϣ븧һ
һ
һҽԺҽǩΣ֪ͨʱûǩ
ͺԴ˵绰绰ǸŮ˽ӵģȻͷһܳҽԺųȥ
ܶûԼȥûԶͺݺײ˱ĳأԷҲǰҹźӹģһڵɥ裬Цһֲˡ
Ρ
̾һûſ˵һ䣺
ͻȻЦĺܴ˶š
ںһ棬ۿظһ顣
ǰҺ
һְĺ
лҪ˵ڶӦû翴ɡ

 58 

ҡ˵ͻȻ, ֪ΪԼһݴʡ̣񶾣Т񶼲̫ǡ
ûŲ³Ҫ˵ʲô˵һô˵ȥ, ɴԿǡֱ˵Լ뷨
, Ҳժºġ
׼ȷץסֻԴϺΪ, źȷ˸òײסûȥȺ, ôһ
ѺַŵԼһ, ߬סߡ泯Ͽź, , ְָԼ۾ϡ
ʣ, ô
˵ʵ̫ĸ׵Ϊ, ܿϡ
ЩֱӸ˵ôǱϾ衣
ЩɣǼʱ·֪ʲôһͻȻŲ, ۾һۣҪ滰ôľô˵
˵ֱ۾·ȥ
, һ裬Ͳϲ㸸, ܺ顣
ǹĸ𾢶ʣΪʲô
ϼ㸸׵ͼƬһ㶼һǸŮһʼͲһͨˡƽ˷
е˵ȥ
裬ڸһ鷢ԼɷͻǰȫżҲܺʱͲˡǸҳһúչһãź档
ͨ˼ҳһᷢչԼҵȵһ챻ʱҿԺĵͷ
˶۾оģĽëɨɨ
˵
תͷŴ⣬εաֻӹԶȥʼһ衣
裬ЩƬʱ򣬻רҵʦѯ˳㰵ռ֤ݡƱҪΪԼȡ档
ţأ
󡭡ջߣͷŹԹŵļֻܿµİȻǹŵģһ˵۾˭֪ڵʲô顣
Ҫ˵滰ݺͱһ
裬˵һ٣һ˲ͽ˵ҽ֪ͨǩֵʱֻϽǩҽԲǸʱ뿪ҵĺӣʧһҪϵһûεˡ
̲ס̾һ󣬺ֺˡ
̲ס룬赽棬޴
ӵкܶŬһ޷ӵеĲƸĽּʡΪʲôӲǻ̶ֳȣһķʽβ
ˣȴҪһĸۡ
֪ӦΪһڳοֲ˼Ѳ˵ĻҲ
ȴǻסԼεάĸĺһʮҽѡ
˵곤һõĳĬ
һģ۾ϵҲܲĽë
һʼƻҪʱ˼ɹ˺һһֱûʲôӦ
˯ˡ
۾ϵһ˵ˣҵĻش𣿡
ˣֻлᰮԼŮֵñȥ
ûˡ
ЦۣȣӶ£ҵһĸơôʣӸͷü˶°ͣ⡣
ͷͼӡ
۾ú̽ѰһʲôۼûҼ˲գ۵Ϸһգգ
ü㶢Ҹʲô
ɿջߣ߳ұ߿һĲ˵ӡ
Ӳȥô
ѵԸ
㻰أһ顣
ͻȻ¿ĴϿźüͷԽԽ
˵ҷ֣ǶǶȡôʵģǶȿ
Ӧܿ죬һԾ̱еͷá
ޱ飬Ѹ١
ǲԣ˼ڹؼʱ˵һЩ˵Ļ
ҴҴˣ߶ЦʱôӺ뿪ֻ˫ֵǰ棬ֵͷĽ
ŲģͷôһȤζ
˰췢õԽԽΣͷĳһδʱνץסק
̫̫֪ˡҰɡװ
úһֱϣȶҪˡ
ͷŵ󣬺ͺ粢ż簤һ
תͷؼҵʱڻһӻҳңŷ֪ʲôʱ˼ңڴ˯
죬ȫ綼벹ߡ
Ҳ˴ֻˢ˻΢Ҳ֪ôͻȻˣڣ죬һϣ˵Ϳʼ߶߶˵Ĺȥ
عүүô
˻ûѣһ۲졣·ϣиҽԺǱϵ
˵ҽԺǱߣ޿ɱ뵽ͺԺͼͳлԣ绰˵ǸҽԺһ죬ҽԺ绰ʱǻڡ
ӣƽҲҪסˡ
мЦЦô¡
ĸ鶼˵ˣʣµĻʲôǲ˵ġ
ָֻһ˵˵ͳлԵĴڣҲᵽҲڼϰࡣ
ǲʲô£˵ǶԸӣ̲סѡ
ûҪǼүͻȻ£Ӧȥġ
ʲô¡
գգ۾һʱûʲô¡
ҡҡͷ̽룬óĵӡݸ˵ӣְֵģҲ̫𡣡
һβBԿ̥ӹڵΡ
һþǺBͼ
֫Ӳֱǰ˵ݣŽŵĽӹ
Ѿô𣿡ӹϸֱȻһ´С
ҽ˵оô˵Ѿˡ
ϸţʵͼƬҲûжô᲻Ų۾ֿĵҲһ顣
ȻźڨڨģЩ֪˵ʲô
Բ𡭡˯ˣûЩĵЩԼ֪Ҫһøףͷô
㲻øҽô࣬ûĹ㡣ЦţֻҪȡѵԺٷͺá
ǵһĸܲ֡
Ժ󲻻ģұ֤źڰͼƬ˵
ãǺһ뵽һָĸ۵⡣
ϣŮǶӣ
˼һû̫Ա𣬶ϲ
ͷ
Ǳ׼ˡ
ѵӷŵһߣյǰӦȶաһڡ
е㡣
֡󡱲СӲʹ𣬳˲
̫̫㰮𣿡
㶼䣬ͻȻô
۾ܹܽĸɾûйȥļͲм⡣
ǸߺӦ˵
Ƕһ˫۾һͺ˺ô˵
ֻʵʵ˵Ҳ֪
Ը𣿡
΢΢ͷһӾЦˣ漴̰ͷ߸Ūһӡ
˵ȻԸ⣬ɣЩӣҲ׶Σ̫̫ļҪúҰ


 59 

˵үû, ƭ
ΪõϢȷʵġ
ƽʱʵôڿĸϻȥǽ, 뿪Ĺ԰ֻúûصͺСҺú˯һ
ҽԺһͨ绰, ûٶʡ
Լ֪, ʵ뿪ҽԺСʱ󣬼үӱˡ
үסǸ߸ɵ, û뻤, Եһʱ䷢ּү˵Ǽͺԡ
˰ڲ, ү۾, ϲץ, СѯʼүоôűҪüͳлȥҽ
ͳлӦһ, ̱ס˵ȥˡ
ΪүӾмѵķһ¼ͺԵ֣ҡͷʾúҽ
ͺȻүӵ壬ҽ, үӻأôһһ㶼ҷԡ
תͻȻ뵽ֻС, 
һӾͷˡ
үӾ񲻴򵥺Ͷ˵仹Ǹеƣ룬ǽϹŵıһۡ˶ʮ, Ҳûȵ
СȥĶˣʵ
ͺһĿһЦʮֲڵĵ֣ǹ졣
Ƕ֪ʲôӡ
үȻ۾ΣԸ˵ϢһȲҪҽˡ
ԺҽõϢǴģ˵ˡ
ȵͺĶȹһҹڶȥҽԺʱ
үѾڼͳлԵİ£ˡ
үүͻȻһȣŵˣ糾͸ϵҽԺһ俴ͳлιүӺ࣬Ŀ΢΢һ١
үӺһͳлҡҡͷʾٺȡ
ƳһۼƽͣܰСŵҲˡ
˫ֱЦô˵ôһأҲιȥͲµˣһûѰ
һ˵һߴֵβϣǴĨЦ˿ͺһӱĿ⣬ӭżͳлԲ޵ߣүӵĽһŲŲ
үүڸضҰ
ү۾ֳ︡Ц⣬Цһ
պһԵĸձǻ࿴һۣ֪ǼŸԼҲʹ죬ˡ
ǼүӿȻȥ
һߣЦͷһʣϱȥ𣿡
ûУʼ磬꣬ðû
ү΢΢ͷԼƵ֣еĸӣʣмˣ
³ͷ˵ôżˣ
ǰżˣȲҵ
ʲôżģܿü
а꣬Ҳ֪廹ܲͦʱ
ү̾һȴ¶ɫ䵽ĲϣĿ͡
ļͼҳ
һһѼϽϷ׼
ԼǸˣսûٵĻֻѪܵʵ顣
ųᰣüͺ׷
ᰵĸϺ̲£֪ʷѧߣŽŮպÿֲͼҵĲ㡣
ʮַԼӱĸչ˳
Ҳȷʵûʧ߱һкϸӰ˵ʣΪദʱ䳤Ͷ価ǵĽǮ
ڹ
ͺ԰һ̯ӵһȻԣɱϾԼ׶ӣοѾ˼ֻһֻ۱һֻۣһڣᰡ
˭û뵽Ǽ֪£
ᰳ£˰˺
үȻ᰸еǸʵο
֮ǰżüӹôһ˿ѪԺͺ
ôһΣˡ
̳սܶԼĸľϣǺ¡
Ǻ
үĿһ
һֱżԸͳлԣһȾʮ꣬ᰵΪʲôĳֻǺͼͺͬİһԼͳл䵭
һ㶼ûжԸΪᰱ뷨
ͺǶӣ϶ĽӰˣܻ
ˣһᶷͺһַּͳлԡ
ϻҡ
֮ǰ뿴ѼͳлԳŪ
üͳлԽܲ鶼ΪüԸ
ιܼ˵ͳлԽ˹˾սˮȫȻܡ
ǻյĻ
¸Ǽϳʮ䡣ջߣ˵
Ŵ䲻ү˵£Щ⡣Ȼͷţ˾ǱѾ׼ˡ
һιܼҸ˾ǱϵεԲٳ֡
У塪Ҫܾ
үһȥ仰Ϳˡ
µʱأ𣿡
æЦ˹ˣʱ϶壬
үЦһۣ
ûһιܼһļ˽
ү˵Щǳлү˾ϽӴ˺񣬰кʹүһĶϡ˵ֵݹȥһļ
үûӣǰһݿϣüͷɫ̫ÿ
ιܼһõͿˣʵڴĿġ
Ҫүڻڣ¼һҹܻ֮ƹܡ
ҺС˵ʮԲٳ֡⼸죬ȥ͵ҡǺͼйģк˽ģиҵ¹󣬷ϯҪԱϡ
ҪⳡԽԽԽá
ιܼ۾󣬷·ͻȻ׼үҪЩʲôƲסſڣүҪ
үӰļϣ赭д˵ҪϣѼͳлϻؼͼҡ

˲ûŻؼҡ
ȥүӵҽʦʾ岡飬֪ġȻߵȾͷһգӦ¥¥ߡ
¥һĸһŵĵط
ߵڶǿŵġԥ룬̧˽ȥͣڲǰſյĴ
ֻͻȻ𶯣óһǺ硣
üͷ˷ŵߣʣ̫̫ôʱҴ绰
иСʿ·ſڣ߽
ǰʱϳһϲŴŴһ䣺ү
㴫ͲС¥ĺһ١
˶Էһۣšüͷߣ̽͵һҽԺղиµСʿҡᣬҿûմǲݡ
ʲôû˵أ˾һ⣬Ʋ죬ֲǺӶʨ
̬ȣĪôһЩ
붺װһ˵ӣʣҽԺô࣬ôƫƫʶ㣬ôΣ
Ѿߵ¥ݼ䣬԰յһԼס
ЩΣЩ飬˵
ɰͰЦǰҽԺǼΣ·ʱ˳ͷʲôģͶʶˡ

ûᣬָϽ䣺ᣬܹҲͶĸΪûбˣǽʲô֪
ϾĻ˸ƣŶ
ͷΣĸ߶һ顣
߱Ц̫̫صץһѪĵĿ
ɵӣĵطŵķ˸ۡ
һʾ⵽Ϊֹ
ʣʲôң
̫̫粻ܻܲҳȥѽѧŸղǸСʿȽŴ
˵ôڵ绰װ˷ѡ
ʲôط˵ʲôˡ
ǣĿ
ѽͻȥ㡣
лҪ˵ʱ£Ķ첹ϡ
ΪǸ⣬ǰ20кmua

 60 

ӾһĹ, ƽ˳죬޲
Ķս¡լڼﻭʱɹ̶, ֻ˽ӵ, ʱĻܹз䡣
͸, Ǹع˾ܵˣʱҲ֪ʲô, һֻȥ˹˾, ʣµʱ䶼㺫һڼ
˳ʱѱ˸顣
, ŷּǸո, ǳעʱץ, ƬЧĺá
ٳȥʱ򣬺ֱҺϲĵط, ֱӰġ
ϣĵľ
һϣɳ׷磬ֱ˵, ¸ӽӵľ
ǸˣΨһһƷ۾Ŀţ뾡ܵĴв׽ص㡣
ɳ, ԴĴϡ
ϲƣ˴һʱʮа˻ضš
ʱ˿, ֻϷ
ʱʱſͽܺͶιʳ
Ӿݵؼľ飬棬۾һŵӣȴûͣϰԴӰװһʣûһﶪȥ
ԡһ죬
ҿ˻һſļûڵ룬̵Ьܡ
ʳһӣŹȥ
ôˣĵʡ
һšˮͷʹյˮ·ݺݹһˮڰ֣ӹţֻ
һͰ͵£³
ʱëݹȥˮ￴һۡ
ˮǵĺɫһЩϻһɵİɫ
üҧˣ
ҧĻᡣ
ɾϵˮգƽʱü۴ʱûɵţӵĿۺͳΪʲôղһ鲻ǺʣǺҿǡ
һ٣û뵽ԭ
ͷһۣҲŲ⣬˵ӦðҳСӶǺܱĺʣôԵġ
Ʋ죬ˮǰ°ʾϸ
úÿⲻǿʲô춼Ѫˡ˵еίĿź
װļ̫̫ôһӰⶼıɱ׷ˡ
ûĿ䵽ˮձԵһɫϡ
ԽԽá
򴽣ץżؿҹ
ӵӹĳ˷һҸֵͲ˰ûҵʲô
ֵͲ
ֻϲ𣿡
԰û뵽
ԽԽҡ
ֵֻͲһְѼɳãһץ°͡
죬ҿ
ʶһ㣬۾ȥЦ˸ӣһͲѪˣÿ
žţĶôϻ°ͰԴ
Ů˸˵ԽԽˡ
ипһ䣬ϱڨڨǣֹźͷߣ鲻ԸҾã̫Źۡ
ţŴͷֻգⶼʲôʲôǶȱϿҪ
һؿڣ˼ԼЦ£鶼ˣʲôܿģ
ֲʲôǣĶôûõİ
ֲ㡣
ԥãû졣
̾һչȥһڡ
ģҽԺҽСӵӣ졪
ۣͼԼƭԼԼ£ͿԵûŹ
ֻչȥüͷ壺Ŵ㡣
Թϡ
Ķͷѹ°ͺ͵ƽС

Ĺ򣬺ѹ֣صֵͲ
ŤŤӣӦ£ɣ˵Ҿ˵ɣ汻ˡѾѪˣҲܳá
Ҫ浣ңͰⶼʲôҪСȥô졭
ʱ䣬ֻϲһ£ȻʱҽԺֻм
߶߶˵ţǳ
ѵһ㶼оһŴһ𣿡

˵ʮӺ󣬼ɲţȻܱһҿǰ
Լֻգվӣͷȥˣǿӡ
ͷǱɨֻɨʣµһ룬о⡣
ţеͷۡ
ԽԽ֣еʱĳɣ
ҿԸƬܿˡ
š
˰죬ڳʵ
ϣ˻طϢ
ɫϷҲˣ§ź
ΪڶԱƲ֣Ц첹Ͼͺˡ
Ͽһۣ§΢΢һŲĸһĦһͻȻһ䡣
һ죬ҲǼϵٶˣ̫̫𣿡
û̧ͷĿһֱĸ
ЩӣÿҪţϰߡ
⣬һ٣Ĭ룬ʣܡ˵ľЩ𣿡
ô̫ͳ
Цɴúøͣ˵һΣ֮ģѱһûÿܾƲˡ
һۣʵ棺⵰𣿡
룬ܿ϶˵ǵڡ
һ̶ϻᱻǣǱߵĶʱ½Ӱ£ܰȫ
Ҿͷˡ
չȥ˫żȤζм伷˼Ҳһ죬ʲô
ֻҪ㲻ծУϾһкҪҲ̫ծûйϵһ죬ǵѯʦҺͺӹһЩӦûϰɣü
û֨
ЦЦ˵벻붼Ƿ޶˵ծǾͲˡЩ裬ҵǾþûˣҲĲȥ
Ǳ½Ӱƽܲǡ
ʽ۽磬ֶеġ
·
գ۾ϵһ¡úŵʱ򣬶һŸձѹ˹ȥ
ӣš
ѣһءһۣ䣬̲סһ
ϸϸǹȥǼϸļõζģƱܡ
̫̫¸¼ʮ䣬Ҫϯ
һ٣Щȷ㲻˵ȱҺүү𣿡
֮ǰΪһжϵƽºٴ
ڲˡ
£ʱһһֱġ
ҽ˵үӵʱڰңŻżĲٳ䡣
صıۣΪӣȻҪүӵľٶ뿴ҲҪ˳⡣
һϵıŻȻ
һս󣬺Ҳóˡ
лҪ˵һǰɹΣ

 61 

Դ˵Ʋļ, Щ
˵Щʵ뷨Ĳ¼ƲԼġ
ⲻоܻһЩΣյ£Ϊα޶ԡ
еĵǻеġ
ڼĳϳźƽС۵ʱ, ˸绰
ʦ, ʲô𣿡żɽ
, ǰĻߡôͻȻô˵
ǰƲô졣˭ûôԼҹ˾֪Ķ, ܲ͸©ЩĻϢ, ֱӸʱļ衣
බ˶̻, Щƣ, ھӪĺܺ, 굽ڵȷʵûȥߡ»Ǳм˵ﰵʹӡ
϶, ʱ
Ŷ˵ô϶ġ֪¸ʮ𣿼˵ҲҪϯ
ү˴ٳ£ҲϾҵְΧڡ, ϷһҳΪʲôֱأҾദĲ
̾˿ڡԽԽˡҲһķദеҪɣҪĿǰʱ仹Ժɡ
˵ĸ׵, ȴҲʵĻ̹ĳɳ
绰ߣ۾ϹЦĬ, ۶ŵԣںԺ󡣡
ẓ̇ᰴ»س
ϰɣ㿪ʼˡ
ֻʱһ١
ǰòŸ˵֪ż찡˵ʼˡ
һʱ֮ЩãȻ
û£ȹˡ
һݣҪңڴԺס
ţͣס
΢˺סȴ֪һ˵ʲôҴææֵ˸̣һڲ侲
𣿡ʡ
ףҸһһֵǿںĵ绰һˣЦĺȻ̹ġ
šһҲҸҲġ
˶Цˡ
˵绰ֻϣ̿ϵļƣ̫ѨһĿЪ
ûӣֻֿʼˡ
ĮȻʾġͳлԡ֣ܽӡ

ϼųʮ䡣
ʽٰһ컹СµʱϾͿʼ
һҵ־Ĳɷã˵˵ԼϵĻعʷδ滮
־ûС¥ʱ򣬺Թͷ
ǰ˾˿ڻûָãɯȦͷԵĻεѹ͸ֻèƵģǰξ޹۾䵭衣
Ҳߴˣܵţ˭
ͼŬ޸ǵĹϵÿͷǺԽԽԶ
ѽһݾͿίȫӣѵ߹ȥ
û˵˼ˣҪô˰˰ˡ
ίܴʲô£ֲǹ峯С
ԽһϵСıܿ˿ڣڻ˵̫簮ˣ׷źԹͷ͸Բԣ˿϶ͳˡ
ǲѽǿ廳ë׵һüȤ
ʮ³èȻůʵ᲻֡
£һֱûʲôӦһҲ׽⿪ʼNɪ㿴΢Ӳһ㣬ʵˡ
뱧һֱŲýӽ
䣬һ
ͷ￴һŴҧֵϱڲࡣ
طȫⰡ
΢΢ʹ⣬Դ˱졣
졣
׷ʲô
ֻҡҡͷĹͷݵϣתȥ˳ҲҪ׼緹ˡ
ҧס˾ûٶȥƵġ˵˺ü죬ûһͼ첲Ϳʼʹҧ
У֡Ц˵ŷӦ⻰˵Ĳԡûˡ
˵䣬һ㶡
漴ŻëײЦЦ
ڶʮ䣬ʽʱߵ㿪ʼ
һţٽŸ̫ݡ
üɻ󣺡è̫иɫСԴ
˸ָ¶ˣ
أҸϱˡ䣬Сè
ʲô
Ķڽ䣬һ˫ͫβҡҡȥ
СèǸƣ˵Ժϰ顣
Ѿľ
ĿǱߣûٳʲôҲûйķӦ˿
Ҿ֪ҪʳⲻһЧͼӰϵèëǰֻèԽԽͻȻϸ׵ĸп˰
Ѿ˵ȫǳᡣ
ݼ˵үӰĶˡ
жٶˣȻЩ˲ȫһֱһֻ¶Ϊǵݲ̫һֱ£Ӱ첻á
ɼôء
ƽôڲҲʼš
ǰľʵޣʽһЩĳ޷ǲμʲôݽɽȫǴԹ
ǰźרҵʦԼõʱ仹һ˯
ʺҪҪһ˯
ҡҡͷ򴽾ܾ
üͿŽĳϯûοҲ֪ô£뿴ֵܼʲôʱ᲻˵
ҽšܲסڸڣૡ
ֿǼ̫̫ȫӣ¡
ΪȫĿĽ㣬ԲŽŰ
û飡
̾
Ȼְο䣬ͻȻˡ
ʦ
ʦǸʮŮˣ˸˸о쪡úֱͦãΧʮһȦм˺üͷ
̫̫ΪеԵʣֻܸϵױһᾡܷŴ
ʵʵӰڲ
Ǵ˸к¥ȥԼ鷿򿪱䣬ͳһɵľС
ְʣµκӴ򿪿ۣȷĶϲĵĹš
ĥߴٴ¥ѾʰĲˡ
ʦ׼һɫĨسȹ·ǰƸʮ׺Ĵ壬պÿ԰˵עȥӵ¡ĸ
ͷϵװ򵥣ֻǰѳʽ෢γһµķ٣һ¶һϸĲŵĻ˿Ŀת
̾һ˲ϱϻˣץźַŵȥ
̫̫
˵ţж
еһ˿ָ̧ȥȻʧ
ǣ
лҪ˵˼ǵ

 62 

#800#
û˵ѵһ
ָչ, ȻĴһöССĽָ
ʵСмķĴָָôΧǶȦˮ״ϸ, תҫ۶Ŀ, ˾ޡ
Ȼ, ú޵Ļļ۸
֪ü
΢Ͽû뵽
ʦʰö뿪, ź, ĳȹϸŪ, Ūۡ
ĸǰϲռ, öҪ˺ܾ, ΪԭһֱûԸһ֪Ҿ˻
, ˡ鷿Ǹ䣬漸㿴ϲϲһլٰضùԺ, 
˵ô϶úЩ˼ˡ
֪޸ǮͻȻôһѼֵǵĶ͹ЩӦ
бҪ𣿡, ˰ٿҪǧ򣬾ôȥеš
ŶӦúúñ
ϼüһ, ·ڰ׳ա
ȻбҪ㲻ǽ𣿴һԼϹŰ˰ҿ㻹ôš
ԭôġ
ô˵Ĳԣ
ͷЦΰǸжҡҡԴ˵Ķԣǳԡǿһ·ǳԡ
Ǯǵ˰֣ʲôɽŵġ

ڼµľƵУ˵ʱ롣
ʻͣȺĹԱǰ̺
յ㣬һϳժ˼ΧŵƤݣʱ׼³ˣҲûϹ⾾ȹǣҪš
ۼֿ죺Χϡ
˵ŰѶϴ˵ȥ󲻻䣬Բô棬촽ʲôû˵
Ӧڳűߺţ治Ҳǰš
žડһſһ죬ӹŵĹ
һ߿첽߹ں³վǰߵߣֻһƽ̧ݵؿڵĸ߶ȣһŵİ˸롱ơ
̫̫Ҫˡ
Ǳ˹ϣ˵ʶЩ仯
źʿĶ۾ҲЦ⣬ϱȴʮֹѵ˸оദӡ
ú뵽һʼʶʱӡ
¶һǳЦӽ첻ֹҪάֵҲҪϼӦһС
Ѿ١
˸һ볡̱ЦǺ߹
ǸʮЩͺˣŵһ㣬϶ģ۾⣬ָϴһö۵ָ
ʶ˶Լָǡ
ٿŵģ͵ˣողŵ̨Ϣ˵
⻰ôô˲ͲֱָĿһ
ֻ̾˿Ρ͸ү˵ˣԼҵûҪ絽Сʱѵ߲ɣ
ܣ˵Ҫ·϶³ˣ𣿡ü淢ʡ
ƺΪܵ˺һ٣һ˲ָ糣ЦŰ֣Ȼᡣ
ǲ͵ˣ䰡ůгкȣúõ˼ҽ͵ˡ±Ϲġĵ
Цŵͷ˵ǣ۹һת䵽ϡ
ǰЩԼҶӻֹļ仰ﾫһ֣ڱλؾǼٷˣ
ע⵽¡ĸʱȻ
֣˼֪顣
Ǽһʼ˵ṫҪ
ѵ˵ȥģ
²²⣬żĸ첲ǳЦӯӯòĵͷܡ
һԵļüͷ壬źкʱ䣬ɿתϸ룬˭Ϣ˳ȥ
ͺԸӿ϶ᡣֻᰲģԽ֪Խǲ
˭
ܴкתߣл⣬סʣô֪ӵģ
ֵܾˣҼǻСӻ˵ģ롭ͷ룬˵˭վۻģǡǧ˵ġ
˵뿪

ʱ˵һˡ
аգȻôҪ¸ˡ
Ҳǣ˭뵽ڳЩô죬Ȼ˵
үû˵ƻǴŵºӾ뿪ͼҵĴ㡣
ͼͳлԶȻϣø֪Ȣ˸ƽƽŮˡеķ
캫Ϊ˺үӷŸɡ
Ȼ̨ѻʵ
ͼͳлһԱȣүӵƫģûбơֻصվӣڼδȨֻһȻ
ͻȻ֪˽Ѿܶ˶֪ˡ
ȻҲ˳ĿģǼƻһоˬ
Щء
ϵǣòѹĻң˶ʼǧ˵𣿡
ţϴиۻˡ
ΪʲôԽôˡ
ǡļһ𣿡ʡ
һй۲쵽кܶ˶ϼҴһġﻹ߰ĺȥ
֪ΪʲôͻȻôЩһϢɳߣһ߻ش
صؾ֣ϺܶҵõĹϵһӦֻһʱ䲻̫
ӦûһջؾҪϷչѡ
Էģһ
ע⵽ţֱָĦɫĿŵĶ
̫̫¼Լ飬ʲôҶ㵣š
ǲûҪڱˡ
ֻȻνǸŮҲڡ
򴽣Ҫ˵ͻȻ̨ϴͲĶ
ʱ䣬Ѿߵˡ
ʽʼ
̨ϿۣԶԶүι̨ܼһطɨһȦûͺԸӵӰ
ѵˣ
šüëźүҪ̨ȽŲ㣬ȹȥæԼ𣿡
ͷȥɡ
ǲģɨһȦڿ½Ӱ˵ȥй㡣˵ձһȥ
·Ӧ϶˹һӣС
̨˷紫үΣȴɺʮ㡣
ҺãǼΩǼϡ
־űӣ̨ϡ
ʱͻȻһİŮԴ͵ʹţͲû·ԭǺͺһ˽ţܿƵϵ
Ӧ죬Ŷˣû
ԲԲ𣬽û°ɣŮ͵̧ͷһСϾǾš
һ˲䣬һƬհס
·ԽغܶǰƶСϣ򵥿ֵһڡ
䣬ôˣ
òץˣһ߱Թһ߸Ϲ
ߵߣƳһĨϸһ˶ԭء
ǣ
ٿؿ
ȻǸײĴֻʮͷŮ
ڽúˣܣ񻰡
Ϥº͵գգ۾ǣǲһ߿ȥ
ͬһʱ䣬Ͳүӻһת
ҪΪλһҵһӣͳлԡ


 63 

ܾ֮, ͼ̹ĸĹϵʱ˵һΣԴĬ˺ܾá
Ц, һѪ˵ԭǷ, ͬһʱͬʱܴ̼

ү˵ͳлԵ, ڳͼйδкͼ˶ԼͬĿһݣǿʼʶڳĿѲ, ͼҵ, ʲô顣
Ǹиҵ, ĸһ仰⡣
Щܾ֮ǰԼͼи˽жŵ, һ˲㿪ʼ˼, Ҫ׽һ
ոȥ㺫˿վڽ
ƽǰһȥ׷, ֻ½ӰڡЩǵĿż
С
һûµվֱӿ̨ϡԵͶĸ񣬾µһƬĮȻΨˡվˡȻ
һھ, źƽڽԲˡ
үӵ׻ѡ
˱
үӵĻû˵꣬˵ͳлԵָ̧̨֣һ, ͳлͼͺվĸ⾫͹أ﷢
ӽ쿪ʼ, СԻϣϵĸܾҵӻЯֲͬѼԻ͵죡
ҵ
ͳлѸǰżүӵΣУһڵ
һ򾡱еĺƣĿƳһۣƽ͵Ǳ߿Ǳߵ״üͷ塣
겻ɢȻܵ˺ǰ
±Ӹϻȥ

СףΨһ˫۾ĸ㡣
ʮδ㲢ûеһʱϳǰƯŮĹϵעԼСŮϡ
䣬ôʽĳ㲻ԣʵھĿȥһ߳㣬Ҫܡ
ע⵽¡ĸЩŵĿһۣʮǸ⣺λˣʵڱǸŮײ㡣
㺰Ů䣬Ǹ
򴽣ЩίҵǸˡֲСӣײиȻǸ
߹ΪƯ⴩βȹ·̫㡣ղԶûп巢ʲôֻǷֺһӶŮˡ
˫ֱۿ߹Ͽһۣȷƽ£ϱ鲻ͣʣʲôˣ
һ˲ĻãȻëɵİ߷ŵϡ
ûж㣬󷽵һ߿Ϊ𾪶۾Լ԰һɫȵףһ߻شᡣ
˵û£ֻǲ㱻Сײ
ʵûСҲǸҹ¡
ǵС㳤а˷񣬽Թһ㶼ûϳʱ
ǹѹĵĺ
ڡû¡棬˺䡣
ᵹûСĻǸ˵ӣЩ껹޸½Ӱһصǰ¿顣
üЦСӣľͰˣһ͵ʮ꣬ж˰ɣܲײи
ǺһĿİΪԼ磺ҡҲǹģǡΪû·ټϴ߸߸Ь⵹ȥҡңۺλ㷴ӦÿģҸһ㡣
С˵棬Ժֿ̾
úЦҡҡͷû˵ʲô
ʼһֱţֱɫ԰ֽǱĶߡһʱЦ
ʱ򣬼Ⱥ˻
Ĭõ۾һȿ۶գֱǸǵŮˣ䵽һķ¡
ͼͰദʱ䲻̣˽ⲻ١
ǰǱµϢһӱµĻǼ
û°ɣ§źСʵתһк첮ĸ
ûж˵ȫǿŶɵϰߣһЦͷ
գ۾ʪ⣬һװµ˵СղòСĲײӣǲ˼
ĿűϵСղŻļǧԭǸͬĸá
䱻ɪɪȵĿԼҽ㡣
̾һԼߡСŵӲǹġôʱ㻹ء
˭ǵñûŵѵܵʲôû¾ˡ
üͷšţȻ۽ǣҪúá̻һͻȻס䡣
ͷ˵ѾǸˣ˰ɡ
ǸŮϳ˵ĸоˡ
֮ǰ֪ԵĹ̫̫ҿҲȥû˼ǰ͵Ȼ
ͻȻùû˼ġ
ؼˡż˵
ʱ˿ֻ̣ϿصС¥§ɳ￴磬ԼĵԼϲ¡
һ㶣зɿһתʱ볡ȷʵǸİš
ãھͻؼҡ
ͷźߡ
˱һֱߣļƣǡ߼İţȻ볡
ǰ֪λƢðû뵽ֳҲסȻа塣
׷׿ʼС̡
үԶԶηֵֽ߬š
ӣʱȥЩάֽʣȻ˵߾ߡ
۳ºͼϿͻ̸ЦļͳлԣѪѹҪ
ӣ
.
ϴɵϵʱ˻ûȫ
ͷţԼĶǣɫƣ
츸¿һڿʣôˣߵʱ򻹺úõġ
⣬ǰȥк볡ˡ
˵ϼˣҲ֪һΡ
˵츸ź̾˿
Żϵϵû뵽˼һҹ֮ͽ˻顣˵ȢλҲļǧ𣬺Ǹûҵѧ㿴˰ɣ
˵ˣڵСֶο쿿ŶӾͼ޽˺š
Ҳһǿλİɡֹ̬ȻͦõġҲǼԼϲأ
츸ЦһŶʮǶ͡뻹ǿںӵϣ˱Ů˼Ҷ˵ۼ˼ˣǾۼݲ
ȲأҪ˺ӣôţ
ǲǻأ츸Щͷۣúø˵˵һϵ»˱ţȼͼҲһĺŶܿǿǡ
Ҳʱúôˡ
ţİɡڴӦ

ͼһͬصС¥
ݵЬһ¾ǰ˯
ʱ׺ݣҪֹͿһʧǵĹӡ
ǵĸȥʣ̫̫׳ʲôˣ
һƣǲ˵ʲ
ǡ촽ϣʣµĻ˻ȥ
·ϣѾȫ뿪ˡ
ʮ꣬١
ЩȻԶԶϲЩĸ鳤ĺӣǺˣԺûܵʲô裬Ժеİ̶
ĸҲû㵽ȥùĶˣֻԵ޷û취ߵ
˴ѧȻϺ׾ݣûֺվͳˡ
Ͱ׻Ĳ
ûҪһֱץŵ²ţôȥˣҲҲԽԽˡ
ܳһֱڹȥΣ
ѵͦŶܵǰ޿Ϊʲô
綼ˡ
ɣͬİ·ʶ
缺ļŮǧСŮ
жһճĺӣǰԽԽϸİˡ
˴˶á
ָ촽¶΢һЩоָ΢⶯Ϊʲôģ
·ûΪѹղȷʵΪһ¡
뵽Ľ͵үүüͳлԵܣûʲôӦ
ԭΪȻ
˳źָЦе̫̫İɣͳлԾֱӵ˾Ҷŵ㲻õЩ
һʣ̫̫㿼ǹȥ𣿡


 64 

ȥ
Щ, ʶüͻȻôʲǼ򵥵һʱô
үӸչϻؼͳлԣһʡ
һ뵽ǰЩǼٶңͳ֮ǰ˵Ҷ, кȻһͷ
ŵ˫, ˵ԼĲ²⣺㡭Ҫ𣿡
·
üͷһ, ԺһѪʸеԾ۾ѺͷţĿͣ¡ĸ, ̲סַȥ, 鰤, ЦЦ̫̫, żһ, Ҳġ
ֱӳ˺Ĳ²⡣
üֱӰѼϹ, ǲ̫ˡ
һֻû˵ڣ̱ͣһͣɲǼʶ˲ʲôͰѼͳȥ
ǡ
̧ۿ˹Ȼһģ, ǿ³࣬ͻȻ͡һЦ
ҵļ̫̫ҲˡһҪ̸еӣŵӵġ
Ķ, ʳָԼӣҲûôԥֱӰѼƻ˵
һ취ʱ˳ϵĹ, δ£ϱҡò˶ã۵ҵ۹ͻһשһ߶¡תͷ⣬ƮƮģ֪
ʮ꣬Ǳ߲ҵģ̫̫ȥ𣿡
ѯ
һͻȻֱֶϡ
˵Ҫ滰
滰ü䣬ָ̧˸ڣһպñҪΪµߣءһȥ
Цſһۣջߺͼӡ
˵ҲԸ⡣
ںľܾЩʹ졣
ҲûŷҪúͬȥֻʱʱ̰̿½Ӱ̸عͨϣ֪뷨
뷨ܼ򵥡
ӢˮƽԣǾǰһȫİĹȣһЩܡ
Ÿոƽʱٷһı䶯
źֱ̾һӰѺ¥ߡ
Ϊ˲ң̫̫һ°ɡ

˰ȷŵϣѴ¥һ·ſڵ⣬üֹŮˣ˵ˣɺôÿʱϲʰɣһûС
ŵĹӹó˯£һԡһ߷ֽ
תæСŸȥû˵ȫȶ֣
һۡɵȫû
ԡֳԡߣɰɫĵף͸ָ⣬ڼƽһޡ
ȥǳļתأźƴŴȥϰɣ
ںµˮ˷ɢҪƤţϡ׵Ժһ׼û뵽ٵͷ˻סͣط
üͷϥһ
׹ȥ˫࣬ҪͻȻһ
Ҳһ˲۾
˶ӣһƬƲһ㼸ǰĳԡ
ɤӣɰͰ͵ģĿİĵˣ
˫ֱŸղŵĶû˿λȴԼ·ʧȥֻ֣ʶȴס˶ˡ
һЩȻ˼Ϣȴ֪ôش⡣
Ϊʵ̫ͻȻˣ֮ǰʱҽ˵ʱ俪ʼ̥һֱûܵһæͰ·ŵԺ
ôҲû뵽ͻȻˡ
ɸղĺ΢ʱҲ̣ңɸղǴ
ǲͬʱϵġ
ͷţˡ
ĿźĶӣ֮ǰֻԼϳΪһ׵Ծֱĸܵսз˲һĸܡ
Ѿᶯˡ
̲סַŵ룬ٸһ£ȴûзӦ
ʧ̧ۿôˣ
һϻδȫɢȥĴ.⣬ָ̧̧°ͣˮָָʼôˣ
ЩΣ¿ۣӣ۾һתΪԼ˸رõɣⲻǺӵһζ
ҵְֵģҪһ¡ܹľô࣬һܵһߣҲ԰ɣ
۾ɤӸǡҪ
ļĺãӵһεڣÿζܸʮֵĸܡҲǹŮˣҪͻ󷽷˵
ššü㲻úһоܹܸоһƵģ̥̲̫ҪǶ̣
ǡ
һԡã̧ţһŵŵؿϣýŲͷһҲ˲䡣
ԼоԼУúӵڡ
˵Ҳ콻ӵԡ۰Լеߡ
죬˵̲֮סЦ
Цһߡˣ
.
һں󣬼ϵĹɼۿʼµ
ͳлû⣬ϾûֻƱһֱǣż²ǳ̬
˵ոְλæץʱϤǰӴҵÿֻ㱨Ҫæﻹпеʱע顣
Ｘ˵ļȣͳлǸ
ЩӣæڲΣÿ춼ڰ칫ҼӰൽҹӦҲŸְһ
Щ˽ЩԹɲڶͳлԾ׼ÿ˶еĺԶȰչ˾涨õļӰѸ߳һض
ʱٳһЩͳлԵŵ͸Գˡ
Ȼһ㣬ͣʲôְλЦǺǸ˵䣬崺磬˿ܲ˴˼ʲôࡣ˷˴Ҳ𣬷ͬβȡ
أ
λ֪ƢãڹϣǴ˧绹ǴŮû
һܰ˵ޣͽȥļǾӳ
˵İ칫ͬһ㣬Եԡ
ͳлû֮ǰܾһλԱΪ˸ͳлλӣ˱үӰȥձ
һʱ֮䣬ڲλļ͹Ӻøļѡ
һ㣬ڼΪëۺΪˣеĹίиͳлԺ󣬸Ϊԡ
ү֪׷ȨϢʱķץιܼҵĸ첲ŴǲǹġܹݣûץͳлԵİѱŪȥ
Ա뷨ץιܼõͬ
ιܼ֪ô룬ֻ֪ʱ˿ֻ˳żүӵĻ˵
үӲμ˥ܵٶ̫ˡ
үģүһֽ̳ģлүԶԶϲϣôһ׼æҳ⣬ʱ򶼲үԳ»ͲܷŹ
ԡԣ˵ĶԡүӺòƽץ̺૵Сһֽ̳ģʧġ
Լë£лɵ̬ȡ
۵һϣͼô˵ġ
̹ڼǿ½ӰһǶȷǳôһŤԼԼһͷˡ
ţôЦ鲻ᷢڼϡ
ǽּ鷿æҪֵ绰鲻ϡһַּϵĹƱʼ̡
û죬㳹üͳлԶ
õˡ
캫ûԣ𼦶վе⡣
ôˣ
Ľŵô˵ģŶӴţƳʡ֮ǰ˵취ʱ˳ϵĹ뵽ô취
һƣЦһԼģһ㶼֪ϧ𣿣
ҲϵֻźЦǰ˽ס
ֻˣ˳Ķ䣬С̫̫ˣұ֤Ժ󲻻ģ͵ҸڼҺúͺӣһСۣ¾ͺˡ
Ųļƻ½Ӱײ
ΪģԲŻɰѽŪ۵ġ
Ҫ֪ۿŪ˰Ūġ
ҽźˣͳлǱҲҵĲ࣬ʱ㶯һ£һоܳ䶨׺Ķͷ֤
Ϊ˼ϵıӸһعͿʼ¸һֱţŸۻҵ۷
һϵļҪĿкܶ಻С⡣
ҳû£ֻҪҳһ͸ŵƵģȫ군
淢Ҳȷʵͳлæң绰Ϊʲôǩ֡
Ҳ˵ǹ˵͹ҡ
ϹƱµýҲ׷ױ㺫Ӱ̣ˢֻһʡ
С¥˵һԴһ
ϧͻȻôһ죬ͻȻյһİĶš
㡣


 65 

ֻһ˹
һֱС, ֺҲС
ֻ㣬ǵĽз
ѧдԼֵʱ򣬷ǳϲԼ֡Ϊñʻ̫, д
Դ, ͣ±ĸ, Ϊʲôǡǡϣϣ
׻黨裬ָǹ˼, и, ֵ˼
ճͲ, ʿͺ, ľͰ, ޲֡˼Ҷ˵һǸľŮӣְȴϣúöһЩ, ѡ֡
ô㲻ϲ죬Сӡǰְֿɾˡ
ϲϲְѡҶϲ
㶨¼Ŀ
ҿڵһ㣬ʱֵһҹģĻȡ쿪Ӫҵ, ɢɢڹš
վſ￴˼ۣȻԱ߲̫۵¥ݵ˵¡
͵¿ͨţԵҲɢ˿͡
磬˸λá
Ϸ¥ϻȵĽܻ, ⷭ£ʽĻЩ㱡
Ժв˹Щݾò
ĸǸҡ
Ȼһ㶼, ֻһСѧ˸ʦͷһڿΣСѧĻ滭
ֻڼܻԼ뻭һС
ЩҲȥһһǽϣڷ鲻ˣȶרڳλá
Щ㣬ҲЦŸ˵׻رãϣԺҲԺͰְһ
㵱ʱһ׶԰׽ʦڱڣÿչһȺСӣۣнˮҲǺܶࡣ
ûбԹӹüѣ̨˺öຫʶĻĴǣÿժ¼֦ŵŶ黨Ĳϡ
һסķӹƶ֡
ֱ꣬ϿεʱһѧûдҩѧȥҽԺ·Ч
еɫӰԶͣһٿ̧ۣһ΢԰׵
ûϾµױݣµƹýˣſ۽ǵϸơ
Ҳˡ
ջߣŻᡣ
£ӲİѰźãЩ޴ҴҴͷſڵΪ㲻ͬҡ
ĴڶŮһŴ
ǲģĬ룬Ŀڡ룬ǵ˶ϱȽס
Ժֳʲô顣
촽ţ䣬ȴô䲻ֻüſЦô˶ϣ
ϣһμ档
֮ԾԼΪ²˵һЩ£һϼ
ЩΪϵ£ÿ춼æüζ´ɴֱ˯鷿
Ŵ̹£һеĺѪ˿߱˻ȥ
˵ĸΪ˵ֱ˵ˡ
Ǻܾ֮ǰƭ˵ǸĸĹ¶Ҫ̹ףǣǶһʼദӡ
Ҳʲô£һʱ
첻ֱӱҼ
ͼӴ׺˵ЩĪģ¼룬ֻǲϣʱбȥ
һμ档
㱻Į̬ŪЩѿ˫Ÿո͹ȿɿɣСԼһġ
գգԼ۾Խ棬ں䡣
װһӼˣ
ûʲô˵ġ
߸¡
֪кŮ𣿡
֮ǰȥʱʹǼʱҲڣһס죬ҽ׼˵
ʱ˵ҪѺӵԱһ죬һϲ
֪
㿴ԼӣϵЦţЦǳ͵һ硣
ͷǶô
һӱ˳æһֽѹ۽ǣš
еᣬɢţ޶ԵĿᡣѾȫֹˮôЩͣһб𣿡
ᣬָŴݵӡӰóһſƵǰ
Щûоĸ׵ΣǮϣ¡֪ңڿ϶ȱǮЩĲģŮӲȫˡ
˵С
ʮˣûǮʱһӵǮˣһĸĳӸһſ
Ǯĸ׵ΪŮǣԼһ꣡
Ǯľͻᰲɣ
鲻ԽЦվԼǱţ̣ķùȥǶһ뻹һתǽ˹ȥ
ɫǽ°ɫˮۣ۶Ź
ݵıۣЩŵ㣬ˮĮ˵֪Ҷ𣿡
ᳶǣ¶һζЦݡתҪߡ
ӸͻȻʡ
ҹģź뿪ıӰɳźڱվסźȥҹ㣬ҵĸԺ˵㱻һûӵķˡ
Ҫܣϸ˵ľϢԥܾãȻµǲǲô㣿
֪Ҳö㡣㲻ңҺ㸸మˮӹٿҶԹ㸸׵ѧƳ£˵ûûеļѧңһŮˣô
޵ĺίİˣǻ⣬۵İɣ
ûлͷһŵãСӦƽһЩŲͷ˵Щǽڣɡ
Ҫٿ㡣
˵ᶨȥ
ſıӰʧԶӦϢ߹
ϰ壬¥HչĻ˵˲˷Ҫ̸Դ״̬һ
òֹסᡣ
򶨵HչĻ˭ʶһ

㣬ʰ龶ֱȥС¥һũóг
ÿæҪϻۣӵģôҲҪչһ¡
㣬һЩĲƷƻ˼ҡ
Ϊͼʣû˰ǰˡ
ʱ㻹ڻ
һ໵ĽУֻСèҲ֣һһСеĺ﷢š
¥ϸ
պùҵһ绰绰Ǳڼϵһ塣ĵǼڲˮȵ״
͸û뿪˾ˣܼѾ˵ݽ˴ǳʣһֱѹŲ÷ˡڹ˾һƬԹصĻ̡̻ʱٿ»ᣬ֪᲻ϯܣ𣿡
ᡣ
ĺ˼첲ת¥¡
ԶֻèĽֲ֧ôˣһ۸Ƶġ
˳һ㣬˲Ȼ
һǰվںȲԴۺЩӲĶ
ʱô˼ŪãŪĥĥߴߴģҪҪʶӡ
ѵ˰һģЩ⣺ǸģʣûŪ㻹ˣ
ҿû˼Բæ֣˵רŸԼģʱůģں͵˿㡣Ӽ˼ȥЪŰɣŪ
Ūš
Ͳ֪˰ɣ֮ǰԲ̫ͣһ³ŪԵġ㲻ʲôü϶䣬õ׼һƿǣ治ɫͳ֯
żĿӣһ
Һǫ́ӱȽϸߣҲִ֪磬û˰ϱġֻСľ͸Ĳȥˡ
רŸģ㲻ܳԣ˸㿪ͷͱˡ
һ߹һ˵һ㿴Ūòɣ
Ϻ̨ЦЦͻȻһë
ôˣʡ
ͦİô֮ǰҲû˵һ٣
ȻΪүʮָմˮ

šĲóԡֱ˲ͷڨڨġȻǼǳ鷳£ôóԣȻֻԵһ
ߡ
һۣǽ鷳³ˣΪŪģԼŪɣ˳Ҳ
ϴߣˢֻ
ûߵ
Ǽ򵥵ķŭôŭ
𣬺ߡ
״͡һЦ
˫־ڰУճѪҺƬһ콻ӣݺݵĵȱߵ
˫֧أֻǰצĴȲţļˣָ¶żĿӡ
ļҾӷ޵ģɲжʱûָˣָе㳤֮ǹסĿҲţһ³ӱɣһֱµһ롣
¶洿ɫǲϡ
һ̵ͦƨɡ
ԽԽ֣Цץſòס
ôЦ𣿡ҧгݣĵļ˻ΰӲŵ
ίͰ͵Ľ
ϽŪȥ㻹ûأϴ֡
ǰצ⿴˿ָסȻüˡ
ߣԭأŵĺҰѿȥ
û˿ôŰɡ
ǹ붺ʵû뵽˾Ȼһ̶ȡ
кõʳĳˡŹղˣǺæ
ŷûӣŪϴҲᡣ
Իû˿´Ҹɴʲô
Ŀʢ
ѷǰһ飬ѧӣЦеԣ´Ϳֱҧˡ

ϵʱ򣬼ʹ鷿ҡ
ôô硣
˵ôĶĲˣûʲôҪһֱŵģԺúϢ졣
Ǻֻѽ¸˵ˡ
Ҳǹ㣬ֻܾòô򣬶ʱ̫ԶˣڻЩİҵϱһ
ϴѧ뿪ĸһֱԼһˣϰˡҲŲϣǣĴ㡣
ѻ˵ˣǰŮѵ裬Ժ㲻ûǻᾭ档
ǰ˵Ķ⣬һǹô˵ġ
ǣ͵ź侾¡
Ϸʲôʱˣ̫̫㲻þ棬Ҫ治㿴
§ڻĸҶӡӦò֪ĸˣ˵ĺ硣ԭ䲻Сʱ͵͵ԭҲˣһֱš
ٺҲ֪ôʶĸףܿͽ˻飬һʼ㣬ֻ¾͡˺õĸһ䡣
ҺܿģĹȥ
ǰ濴۾ȻԸټǾͲģϲɾλһֱҵҵ¶šһңֻκͼƲϵ϶
Ǳ˴֮û˰ɣһԱȣоҲҶˡ
һۡ
ϡû𣿡濴
ЦЦģ⼸£һжƽƽģȻһȺӳ
̹ѹܣԽԽ˳ۡ
üϵ£ò׿ʼͺͯװޡ
Ϊ֪Ůɫ˲˷硣
ǳɫ÷ɫ
кѵ˯ɫǳɫкŮá
к˯ɫôУ˭˵ɫŮרģҸ㣬п̰ӡ󡣡дʣ˵ĺƿԡ
ɺǲԸòŶӣ˼ãһҪǷҪǽˢɷɫǷĶͯþ߶ҵġ
šüΣͷӦˡĶкŮֵĲԣ¡
һֱС¥װҾߣװޡ
ŹգÿﶼǹõءաĶʵţ˵ʲôסҪŶͯһӡ
ʱ䣬үҲһֱܰûкͼϵ
ҡҡͷʲôû˵
Щ£ֻ֪ƽգ˵ͼү֮ǰ⣬Զ˵ġ
ⱳǶʮľɺ޾Թ飬˶Ͷһ
ֻ֪ү״ԡ
㹻ˡ
һתС¹ȥ
ִһȦҲʼС⼸쾭档
ϼĿͣͣʽѣעҵȦˣˢ΢ʱ򿴼˼ϵš
һʵ
ߣڿɹ̫һ߰Ūħ
ͻȻӵ˳ĵ绰
ܣǱ߳ˡ졯Ŀй©Ǳ߲֪ʲô;õˣֱӽһ㣬һֲĿͣˡ֮ǰõͶҲ̬ȣ˵Ҫǽ
ܣǱҪԵ
лҪ˵˵Ųһ£ҹֻ꣬Һ׷Ҳֻ꣨˵ɣʮһֻٶ̡кܴһΪ±²ģҲкܶΪˣĺѺѳɹߡ

 66 

ʮ굽, ˼үӵļܣͷ˵ҹҹϸ衣
湻, ڻ׬еĵһͰʱүӿʼӴֲҵ, ߷Χ, Զûйôϳϣܿ·, ûûıˮ
ŦԼҵȦ, ޡ
ʱû뿪Żͷ, ߬ŽǮ¡
ǺĲμӵһУ, һ鰤ڳԱ½Ӱ
ȥ, ûõ顣Ͼڽ½Ӱ˲ĳЦ
ǵЦ, ۾⣬һ㷢½Ӱϵ·ܾɣҪϴһĥɫķ顣Ĵû˵ӣֻ, ܶһҳûзֽӹӵһߡ
Ƣõģ˵
ֱЦֱ½Ӱù˶µߵǰ
ѵʱܵǮͶ½Ӱ, £½ӰϷ˾׬һͰ
ү֪ɴֱӶ½Ӱ¡, ֻмԼ֪ŵù
ǽ½ӰעԼĹ˾ҲǴӽҵ֡
족ǱµһĿҪŦԼһִͼݡǱȦľ֣ҶͬһĿʮа˻ǼӮ
ǰͨƵԱ̸ϸڣ׼һʽǩԼ
й¶󱨼۸ֱͣӰһǩԼ˵Ϊ¡족õͶʡ
µĺء
Թȥס
ҹõڶĻƱ
ڴϣһĸĶĨ͡
ϰǺġ
ͻȻһ죬һѵƿƿ޹ޣϴͿʼĨŪü޴죬ϰÿ˯ǰһĶӣһǡ
޷ܣͺܲܲĨ
гʶֶ֪ĨܶžģóĨʲôʲôĨһûС
ǺŲԸֱֱӵĸ˵Ҫ׾ף˸Ĩ
ϰ߱ˡ
Ǳߵ£𣿡ϴ谮ͷָɣ˿ʶָͷ档
Ĩã²İŵ档ͺ˺һҲûо첲ȣЩʧĻشĻأ㲻õġ
һ˿ĻһھܻĻҪС¡˵Щˡ
û㲻飬Щͼദеʱܷˡ
˵ȥӦڱס
뷨Ȼܸ˵ϾһжĺܸΡҴҴͷ̧ͷǳЦֲСӣԼչ˺Լġ
óȥҰˣӦþܹԽԽ󣬼ﻹҪˡ
ºܾ֮ǰͺסҸỊ̇ӳҪɩɩԼҵڿڱǳõһλֻ˼һպҪȵԤǸ²ܹ
ҲãҹԹڼҵ
һߣС¥һӱоյġǰڵʱһ㶼ԣˣɳϣſ˯ȥұȥСèǾúܿա
Сèжӣȴһֱûֵ¡
ʱѵЩΣĺԣ˵ͽаװװɡ
򵥣üǡ
û죬绰˵ҺסҰ̡
԰˳͸һװʮ־¡
ӹϵ£ЩЩʣôͻȻʲô
㣬Լ𿪿մĺУɫഺʮ㡣һ߸˵һ߸ԵŮˡ
̣ˮƽܸߣԺпڸˡ
ָܺǼ̫̫ʽ
̳һźϲԲ˵ʱҲЦ⡣ĵһۣͶ˺øС
Цŵͷֺͳ˵˼仰ߡȻ̽ݡ
̣ɷ⼸ֻҺֻèҪ鷳ˡ
̻æ֣С档ӹװ磬˿鷳鷳ⶼҵı֡
֮ǰ£ʾҲܾ̾ˣֻһվš
֮ǰϼˮһ˼ңרŸ͡
ϼˮ֮ǰͼסˮ˫ãмֻһ˹СϪ
˶ãʡ
̴𣺡ء
ʱǳϣùײỻʱɲ̡üôͻȻˣ
ͻȻ̾˿ϱźǼ˾Ӫƣ˾ƲˡϼˮķӶ˳ȥȻҲҵнˮֻܴҡ
Щ͹ĸоǺ淭˸ȷʵͦͻȻġ
ģǲͻȻƲġ
ʵ˵ǲƲǻ˵̫ⱨӦһ̻ǽļͻȻ֡
˺Ǹˣźʣ̫̫а˸˰ɣ
ûУ߸³ͷԵĶ࣬˲١ԼҲиоӳúܿ졣
ǲУ̫˴̫̫˵˵ϲʲôûʲôɿڣ
뵽Ķɷӡ¥顣
̵ͷӦˡ
ųȥ˻ң𿪺ᣬȻǸˮ滹ѹŷ⣬ŷֻһƬ
ȿ棬ĸĴ֡ҪҸ
ɵİƬתָһд㵡
ǾȻһѵƬ
Ų֪˭£ַУ԰ɣһҹ֮Ƭ
ֺվΪƬ֪
Ҳ
ʱΪʲôͻȻôˮ򣬺һдֵľƬ
üĬá
̵չȻչ˵иݣÿķСԶĻᡣֲԸ̾ͻᰴʱ׼ˮСʳӲ͡
ദг
Ͱװһʼ̫ӭ̵ĵûͱèˡ
ܳԾôãһֱèҲһֱûж
û뵽ôȫܡ
Щ˼һҲèҾһè
극յϢ˵˯Ѻ
Ạ̊́иĺѹֱӸžСȥ¥ϻæ
Ū޸ģˡΪһֱãǰֹ˽ŮһԱһҹ֮ȶ
Ŀȷ˿˳˹΢˽Ŷ˺ܶ಻õۡ
ǰǾҪúû֤Լǵʵû˷ϡ
ɴֱƾоử˳ûа֮ǰƻֱɫϸڣϾ͸鳤ȥ
һʱ䣬˽ȥ
ʰóʼ˼ʲô俴˿ûж٣ֻʣͼ⡣ଣպ˳ȥ˳вɹ
մ·水
̸ϽȥһŷɫµŮӣЦǺǵСɣ̫̫¥ϵء
Ű˷Ž˶Χ˵պҪˣ䣬ȥɡ
лл
Ů˳ú뿪һߡ
ȱֻèߣһŽż¥ߡ
һʣʼ鳤ظ˸ﺢڻһˣŷվ
šߣߵ¥ݱߣһۿһ¥ݵİŮˡ
˭ץ¥˺̡̡
û̵
ţȥˡŮͣԭظ͡
üԷȷԼûм
㵽˭ΪʲôҼң
֣ǼͳлԵӡСֿЦһ£沣㣬ܷܲŹɷ򡣡
ͳлԵӡ
ϲɫץ˵ȴ˽ѹͻȻĻң򶨣˾ҲȥҼڲڹڣࡣ
һ£дܣذɡ
СԲǰ˼̨ףЩ˵Ȧɷ꣬˾ˣȥɱģǻӣҲĸףܲܿǼɣ
ʲôϵ
ǿû⻰˵ڣĽţмǰߵƣһݣ˲ò棬ǽҪߡ
ǸŮԣָʲôȶΪ
ǴŶôж磬תû߳ȥ߸Ь⡱׷Ķ
ž͸о첲סȴ˼ŶӲйĶ
ǺùҲû
ץź첲ק󣬺Ӧ˾͸СƵıȥ
ű߾Ƕ͵¥ݣվվȣоͼְ¥ƣзɿ컮һ˿⡣
ŹԷץסĸ첲
Ҫһ
֣֡СЩңֶֻѺ¥ơƤҩһš
һƣҧһק
˶¥Ϲ
һֻŶӣһֻԴұۣʼհ۾Ĵġ
֮оһ¥һ¥¥ݱԵװεĻ͹𣬺յıܿ͹
ʹڴͣµʱ¥ݣСѾ˹ȥڵڶ̨ϡ
һ־
Ǻ֣קĳþȫ
ɺϵĿסû㣬ôһקͰһ̨ס
͹ײĶǣʱѪֱ
ЦЦ漴㱻оҵʹ
üȵҺҧ촽Լȥ
ӡ
µġ
лҪ˵ڶ첹

 67 

С¥ſ, ˶ЩľĽţڼθԤԼԽȥġ
BĿǰûԤԼ, , ǲܷȥȻ˵ԤԼ, Ҫٸ绰С˵
ţղŸ˺ü绰, û˽ӡ
ȷBû֪ͨǽп𣿡Ǻܴ, ܲǸߴк
Сг, ֻ֪ͨһλ, Ѿȥˡ
Ҳʮǰ, иŮ˹˵ҪݷBͽӵBĵ绰, ˵һλŮ԰ݷãֱӷС
ﶼ֪BסǶԷޣ˵Ǽڲ⼸ûб˰ݷù
һ, ѯǲ棬Ů˵ǣڱϵǼ͵绰дҲBµһ
ȥ˭óֻٸһ绰Ҫǻ, Ȼؼң
˼˽, ǲ͸©
һ٣üͷ͸ʲôаɣ
СÿУ档
ɲʲôôֵϡ
һƣƮƮƹȥݵӰվں
һԴǣ棿Ӿô棬˭ҷŽȥˣ

ò׽ʼ
һֱӵ绰֪˶ֹȥ
Щģǧˡ
ƿԺţȴǹŵġ壬ҲûйŵĶ
ԽԽţɴƹСԣش棬ſ￴
һݺһš
ΪǶ죬شֱӴƲԺ˿ʯͷңҲⲣʵڲã˰Ӳһۼû¡

ͳֻ120BʮܵиĿǰԣˮƣ̥Ϣա
ľֻܿڵϣ״ڵ绰˵
ǾȻⷿҲȥ
ĻҼ䣬ͻȻһİ
λС㣬ǣ
һἱæ嵽¥ݴ
̸Źǰ״ð亹ΡΡŲ̫̫̫̫
ͼѺѣ쵽һ뱻򿪡
ɫأַŵϣλø£ſȥĶһһӵ
̫á
ȻĻ㼰ʱΪʡʱ䣬ֱӿһҹҽԺ
ȥȻ·ϸ˵绰Ǳһֱû˽ӡ
ֻȺ½Ӱ
ҽԺ˱ͽҡ
泤ϵȡ
һСʿһͬ͹Ůʿˣȥ
Ҳʶʲô²Ҫҡ
.
СһֱţڳסһվⲽһվԭؿǽϹŵҽѧ֪ʶ
߸£̥ķιܻûзȫ
ƽҲҪڱ۲þá˵һǴ¥ϹģҲ֪ûײӣļѹӿ¡
ҴҵĽŲΪ½ӰˣҪһתȴ˲
Ǳεļүӡ
ͷôôʱ
Ŀһ
ιܼҲСˣһ·żүӺЩƼϷŵֱ֣Ĩһ޽ǵĺȰүûµġǾúõŰɡ
ү˫ִηϣҵţЩš
СʱǰլͻȻӵһ绰
绰ǱԳС¥Ǳߵ˵Bи£˳δأͼ绰֪ͨȴһֱû˽ӡ
˻֮ǰµĵڶϵ绰Ǽլĵ绰
˵ǱûбҪ֪ͨլžȻһ뿪ҪʲôȻ֪֪ͨͨˡ
Ǹ֪ŴˣƺŽȥŮ˺BŮ˳£Ҳ£ŽǴ绰
ү֪Ϣιܼ
ǸСʹ죬Եʰ
һֱڴɲ¡
λŮʿ͹𣿡үӲʶᣬһصӣΪֻǺͺʶ
½ӰЩλ¼ټʱϵĶܲ³λүǸʲôˡ
˿ȫ˼ںϣүӵĻֻʲݵĵ˸ͷ
үüͷһ壬۾ɿһ˿
룬Ȼʲô˽ʲôѡ
һûС
ʱҵͻȻ汻򿪣һŰ״ӵҽŵ߳
˭ǲ˼еҪǩ֡λϵĶ
ͼүӲԼͬǰ
ŵʣҽô
ˮ˨˺ͺӶΣգĿǰȫȡҪǩ֪ͬ飬ҸңĵֻܱסһľأǱС
ҽ֪ͨصϢʱҲ侲˵ٶȱȽϿ죬ûκοİʮ
ӣ
ҽ䣬үӱ˵Ҫӹϵĵӣ׼ǩ֡
һѰѵûƺãЩֽ˺顣ӱԵͰ͵ģһֱߣһۼүӡ
ҽȡ𣿡
ˮ˨ʱѾ뿪ĸ壬Ǻӵɺܶࡣ
ûС
ǻʲôȥȺӣүӼֱΣ빻ϵĵӣһû
Ӳڣֻܸǩ֣ŭɶĺǼͼҵ£һûʸ棡
Ҳ˵ʲôӣû˿¾ûˣ
ûӿȢԼûƽѵҪΪҵ
㣬˵硣ֻԼһ֡
ûʸǩ֡
ҧŴѵӶүӣ۾˿û뿪ҽ
۾˵ҽ߸ĸģŶʮꡣ
ҽ̾˿һᾡȫ
ǩãҵĴ¹ϡ
ֹһֻ𶯡
½ӰϹˡ
¥ص㣬ҴݸϹ
үڳɿһü⣬Խס
ô
סͷĿڵλã᣺ˮ˨ôСĸʣôͱء
ˮ˨ǲʷǳߵһֲָڷˮĸѪҺѭΪˮɾи֡ʡֱĸļ˥ߡˮ׵ȡ
ķֻʮ֮ĵʮ֮
аٷ֮ʮ
ӲֻһСʱܶ˻Ŵ̨δȴѪҺϻ⡣
赱ΪǸˮ˨š뵽ȥץ·
½Ӱͷ
ᣬ侲һ㣬Ѿҽˡ˵žֱ֣ǵª˰̸ѾˣԼҽǻһȫ
˰̿ǳª
Ч
˳ӣʣϵ𣿡
ִ˺ü绰һֱͨ
½Ӱ˶ӣү̽ߣС˵绰һֱû˽ӣϵһʱ߼ߵ̸ϻҲҪˡ
а仰û˵ϵϼ󣬵һʱ˳ĵ绰ȴֺ뱻ע˿պš
ʵ
һ̫ƽ󣬼ûš
ֻʵʵɻ
½Ӱһ͵ҽԺǸŮˣλã˼ȥһ¡
ֻʣͼүˣŶһֱ䵱ιܼҡ
պܽӲʹۣĬĬͺӶƽƽġ
Ҳ֪˶ãҵһαƿ
һСʿһɫ˳
ȥӤҡڶһ䣬Ҵߡ
Ὺѯʣүһ䡣
кŮ
Ů
֪ʱã˿תۿүһʧ̲סЦ
ӣŮʧءƲƲ죬Ͻû뿴㡣
үӶţƾͺ˭Ц
·ϵģǶ궼ûˡ
һ뵽ͺѣҲûʲôֵġ
ۣȺ֣ү̾˿
źһֱΪһ̥Ǹк֣֮ǰҲҽ̥Ա𣬿ǸҽС˽ãһͱ׼͸©Ա
ҲһֱΪǸк
ͼұʢ˥
ϧү뵽Լ壬֮ǰǿԼˡ

ŦԼ
Ǽͣĵʮһ죬賿һ㣬Լ˵ȡ
һں꣬ſӣ˰Ļ۾ǣʱæ͵Уһ
ǰ϶ɢɢļҪĲֶ˱ǣէһȥѧʱıʼһ
ʱиʮҹʮԽǸᣬнɭ
عɭְȥиˣԼ˲ߣɴֱӹ˸ְҵ˰㡣
ߵ¶ǰʱû㱨
һЩСδ棬߹ͨ
˳ࡣ
ۣӣ˫ֽ֧ϣлް
繫˾߲㿪ᣬ족ĿѾǩԼûбҪͼأĿǰװ״
Ȿûʲôͬûʽǩ֮ǰиⷢ
߲ĵص㶼ں汾̸õͶϡ
ͶʷǱΪԺĿͶҲεؼʱӣй¶ȫŬ׷ѡ
ʡµİ취Ǹ족ݵôй¶ġ
漰һܸӵ⡣
ɭһ֮ǰ»صߵ족Ĳְҵõ֣Ȼ˽ɭɭָ˳࣬
ڶ⣬˵һʼݵЩͨԱ
ǩˣҪй˭ںԼǩûǩ
ְҵ˺ͨԱ߳⣬ס
ƫ˶Ϊ󡪡ɭͻȻعúܶ˲ӷǼϵԱ˵ˡ
ΪԼ͵óӴߵҵ
˲ɣ˲á
һֱ仰
ǳ
̾˿٬˸ָǾܣϹˡ
ȵýӳѹѹʼ
賿㣬ͻȻĶ
ʱ䣬±Ͷ
ŽŹȥţһɭͷ󺹵ӳ
ɭô㡭
ɭһѽƽýϣӦʱ䣬סӡ
Ϊʲôӵ绰
üӣûֻ찡
֪֪ӳˣ
.
׿ڴͳ챻ûֻ繫˾˳ִģʽͰˣصҲûٿֱֻ鷿
ֻһδӵ绰΢Ϣ̱ĳ
£ٿ½Ӱ΢šһѸٷףһҪߡ
ɭסҪعУ컹ҪµͶʷ½ӰǸշϢôѾƽˡ
ֻǸ֪ͨϢ½Ӱû˵ع
ҵӺͺҽԺţôڹ˾۾Ҳȥ˾˾ƲҲعһӶԭԼ
ͻȻڼﲻܳ¡
½Ӱ΢Ÿ˵ͺһµŮǼͳлԵӣҲΪ
ԸͳлԣƺˣӲҺ
Ϊ
عķɻϣһ·šߵĳ˿Ͷں˯Ψһһֱˮ
ս㼸ιг̺ܳҪúϢûп
½Ӱ˵ֻѾע⼸ֱ֤ǰ뷨
ǳࡣ
סҰ̰Ѽͳлӷ˽ȥǰͰźõİɣ
Ҳ˵వͼͳлԸ㵽һ
Ƕ
ɻصʱǱʮһ㡣
Ǻ͵ҽԺĵڶ졣
˻ֱӴȥ½ӰҽԺַ
Ĵæʲôûãһ;°ðɬ磬ҲеĺȦ
·ϸʱһֱ߶۵Ľʼʹ
ҽԺֱſڲŷֲȻǵ䡣
һŲ֮γɸϡſڽĵطż׵о˯
ſڵĵһŴûˣڶŴŵֻ
ܷŲ봰ĵŴȥ
չϵͻȻƿ
ĵͻȻ
һһ£
ʿһƶ˽һۣǸʮŮˣ߻һһŮ
Ů˻ﱧһ١
뵽ǸƣȻӦǸ꺢ӻġ
о˯ҲˣԺ۾ڶŴϣղֻԭҲλи
ǣһСʿע⵽ʡ
𣺡ӡ
㰡СʿȻ򣬡Ҳ̫ˣ֪֪ΣգҪΣһ;Ȳˣ
˶߷ŵϡ
벻⣬Ĭͷлл
Сʿ̾һɣ˳㿴ӵ
ƹӣ԰׵׳ǰűǵ۾ţŲŷͯ˯һ
ֻô˺öࡣ
ʲôʱѣʡ
˵ãԭ¥ݹ£Щ΢𵴣˵ĻͻѡСʿ¸ݣ˵Ů¥±䣬Ҫסһӣǵùȥ
ţ¥е˲𣿡ʵ̫ˡ
ûС
üʲôʱתԺ
תԺ˰ɣӵﶼȥ
СʿˣСӰź¡
ûҺֻϵţȻʮָ棬ۿͲ԰׵
Բˡ
ҹһȥ¥¡
ӤҶʮСʱˣŲһһϸȥ
ڽźֵı
ĺССֻбĺһĴСƤܺ죬оҪһͻһ
ֻСֻûĴָڿζָ׸Ƕû
ͷŲ۾һգ㲻ܿƵ˳
һʳָŲǺңңഥ
ɳơ
ҵС趼Ҫúõġ
лҪ˵漰ҵĵطλϹibɣʵû顣

 68 

۾ʱ, ǵڶ硣
Щʶ۾ûֻоǰһƬůĳɫ
ܽ, ۾, ȴоƤ񱻽ˮճסһ, Եָӡ
˰죬òײƿһ졣
գ˺ü۾ſǰ龰
ǵصİסҽԺ
ʧȥʶǰļȪˮӿͷ, , ԭȶĺƵͻȻ졣
ӣ
, ֻ۾ܶ, ֫, ϸмʹС
ҵεĵ绰һֲ嶵, һָֻֻֻֽסڿе¡
˼ҹסץˣȥ˲֪ǰ, ʲô֪
ֻȻع˾Ѽͳлס˵µǮ䶯
߻ط䣬ӭ˼Ҵߣ治ɫߵ档
һۿξ˫, ȶ뵹İߣĦֱ, Щ£
ôðˡ
Լӡ³ɫ°ͣƽ׿ȥ߰꣬˵ɣϢ˫Ц˵۾ЩףܶѪ˿ȦҲԣһûϢõӡ
죬ھԶ˶ס֣ʳָĹ˹Ŭ췢ӡ
ɤӺܸɬСС
һֱ촽Ҳܱϳ˵ݡ
յߣȵͷͷһ£Ȼ˵¥±䣬ȥˣǸƯС㾡ܷġ
ԭŮ
뵽֮ǰһְֱѶͯǽˢɷɫǿǣǲǡ֪Ů
ͷ֮ǰBµģûҽ
²´һֱʲôû˵׼Ůķ䡣
ȻıֵۣƬ𣿡
΢ɼĹһ£ҹ뿪ʱȷʵźӵƬЩҸ״ãӵĿĽᡣ
ǻив
Ҫԥ֡
Ӧұ𣬺ֻЩͺˣҪȰԼá
㿪
ȫ̳Ĭ꾲۾۽Щʪ⣬ֽ̾ɡ
Ҫȥܲһˡңǰѧҽרҵҷġź֣е鶼ңֻҪá
ûУ
Ц£š
ܰһжãڸû˵ûʲô
ΪӶҲ°Ϊ֪ºͼͳлйҲϷŹԼ
Ҳ˺ܾã᲻ÿüͷ
ͷӦĵ¥ݣǵð¼ˡûϸ˵¼֪ΪʲôҪٵˡ

кǰܲ
֮ǰϢѾҪѼͳлԹİ칫ҡ
Ӽһֱûںͼûйϵչ˾涨ǰԤԼ߱˴Ųܽ
һʮֹõ֤ͨ;ֻһ۱㲻ǰ
ʱǶ֪λүϵͻȻְͳлͻȻս
û칫˾Ŀ׷׳⣬Ʊӵ˶ܿ˰Ľ
ܣЩССϺʵʵ͸˵ĺá
˳ߵͳлԵİ칫鿴ʱ
һСʱǰۿһкֱӽ˼͸ܵİ칫ңֱҲû;ҪļţҲεػʱҪš
ҲƲ칫Ҵסˡ
ţŶȻһһĿ˽ǽȥĸܰ칫ҡ
칫ͳл̱ϣװͰ͵ģϻҰޱȡ
ԶĵϣֻķšշֲԾʱͼ绰һѶһˤɵġ
Ȼͱţ
Ų̧ͷƵĳ¶һЦݣڣźӲǻҽԺôң
ԶһЩһͳлǱߣһ߿ʼԼۡ
ȷӦֱŰ칫ǰͳлϳ顣
٣ͳл˲ø첲סԼԴˣǹ˾ңҪô潻
һ㵽ſڣüͷһһģӽŷ죬ӦÿԼСȥĶɡ
룬ò׳Իǰˣʱɲϼܵĺȡ
ҲҪ˽ޱ飬Į
ϣΨҪˣһǺһڱŮ
ǽյľأǰ͡
ӷ£ֿȭϿʼк
ʱү߳ĺô˳ûʽ飬ͨ˵ѵû£Ȼ꽥ûټ֣ɵеġ
񶷵ļҲû
ԸôһͺԽˣ̫档
һɨȥͳлԾͱ̵ڵأѹںϣϥһץͷɴֱӵײ
ˡα۾˼
ͳлӻͷ뿪ʼ죬ƤµɺӲȫȻԼԴ˾šб´ҡ
һµĸ߶ȣһֻĲӣһѹͷսĶ䣬ں˵ΪҲ𣿡
ͳлƴɺ˶סӱѹƣû¾ͿʼϢɫ𽥱죬ҲԽԽӲ
ԶԶţŵͷסˡ
ΡΡ͡ܡ
ٲֿǻģ
ûʧȥǣƼͳлܵĲˣɿݺϲһš
תת󣬶ŵڵŲӿԲϵļͳлԡ
ƣƽԼֵܸܵŭɱ
˵Ҳɷӵĸס֮ĶԹΪʲôҪ޹ǡ
޹޹ͳл˲ڵϣ¶ϵҺòˣźܺú𣿡
ޱһپ٣һ𡣡
˽޴
һֻ˺ʣʲôʱĳࣿ
ˣͳлԸɴƹˤǣ۾þأҺú룬šӴҵʱ򡣡
ǲǺܳԾ̲סЦԼε˲һоɣ
򴽣Ǯ
ϼͳлԹŹֵĿһۣܾķô㲻֪Ǹʦã׷ÿ쿴ԼϲŮ˺ͱ˶㣬˭
ұҪǮһǮûա


 69 

ү뿪ҽԺ, ιܼͻѰҽԺ
ҽƬΣҸ˵ܶˣڵ뿪ҽԺ
֢Ǽǳֹ۵, Լϸǿ¡Ƭ, Ͽ, ͷ֡
ιܼҲ磬ȱżүӵʱ䶼Ҫ֪⼸Խ, ƢҲԽԽִ
Ȱү, ûʲô, ͺúҽԺưա
үȴûǶ˵һ, ϶ŴߵĻƿ
ƿżͺǰʱĻ, ʱ򿪵ãЩ, ţͷɥġ
ͺҲ⻨Ƶģĺܾɫȴÿʱע⵽Լİɫ, ͻȻʶǰ˺ܶĶѾˡ
ǰֹ̲סſϴ
֣ȷʵС, ú޹˼ɵı˿ĻҲôѡ
ǰ֣ôҲܻ˼ϰôôѪ, ܲȰȰҺСԲˣְͣɣֱӰѼϽӹȥ
үӱ۾Ͻʣ롪СΪѼŪöñȫˣȻپһĻ
Ϊʲôһʧصĸо
ιܼң͵ץιܼҵĸ첲ϵƲ˵Сҡ
ιܼп࣬ү֪үȥ𣿡
ȥϵ˵ҲΣҪˣҪǲҵһ涼ȥȥ
úúãү𼤶
үֹסĿԣҽ̾˿ɵкʿʿרҵǿûӱҪŪãүӴϣ¼ݱ뿪
ιܼҵ绰
ʱǱҹûŴͨͷû뵽绰£˼
ʱմӼϴ¥ѼͳлԺݺһ٣ȥ˵Ĺڳ顣
εĳҽԺ㺫ͽӵιܼҵĵ绰
һ٣ιܼңš
ιܼҸеԾһת̰ռүӸľ籾ȥҵүү첻ˣܸܲϽһ棬һֱ߶أ
ôЩιܼҺദĶܺãѹûЩ١Ͼһʼ͵ǹүӵ״
һתӿٶȣ˵Ϲȥ
áţүعˣιܼҷӦܿ졣
Ϻƣͣʣô֪ҳ˹
ιܼ֪ʹүҲ֪ͻȻȥΪʲôҲŷ̵һ
ιܼһ̾үǱߵĴҵүһʼ֪ôں㣬ôܱȥ
·ʻĳУѵЩ㱡
ͣóӣ۶˵ĵſڣԥƿͨţ¥ܡ
ܵӦ¥㣬һſǽǵιܼҡ
үүأŴʡ
ιָָܼͼԲղµĻѣүû¡
˵꣬šű˽ȥ
һ̧۱ϼүӡݡӣĿһ٣ŲɣβһԼ
ƭң
÷˼֡ҪЮֻڵӾ￴ôҲû뵽һᱻүʹ
үӻգ۾ƭ㣬𣿡
ΪʲôҲ⿪ڵĵһſӣһ·ЩһЩүү
ãȻ㻹үүôңүЩ΢΢ֱ𡣡ͳлһΣְѼϸ㾿ʲô
۾˶ֽ֪ţүԽԽ£¼üͳлæңüϿ
˺ϡ
򴽣۴ʣͳлǰӰѺ¥ĺ
ԭô£үһ٣ⲻҪĻش
ĸŮûôһͦʧģһֱΪǸк
ʲô̧ͷͰšǲԼĶ˻ҵӺŮ
˵ҲǸӡү˵ЩɣͼȻṩӦ
˵꣬û֨
ʱ
ߵϢһִɳϣָɳ
󵽵׻ûסһŰѲ輸߷
˵ĺҲǸŮǲǾֱӰѼͳлؼˣ
ۿȥµü
үӳĬ
زȫĬϡ
ͻȻһЦṴ֪ʲô𣿡
Ҹ㣬ҾҪѼϻٵƵ˵ټҵ۹һһִݻ𣿡
ĵ鱻֤ʵ־ŭүӹŲӴӣҲռͣôܶԼ֣
ļϣҵġЦҡͷۿ΢졣
ǰЪ˹ˣǸʱȱλĸǸ
ϲˣȻǸĺһ˵
֪ҵһٵʲôʱҸ㣬Сʱ˵ͺæŷϣûʱؼҵʱ򡣡
ǸʱҾ룬ûˣûɲؼңʱˡ
үӵɴ˫ۿ
Цн죬ң㣡ܶǰǸŮˣкȻ
ͺ׶ӣС֪ܲ㲻ʮԲƭ裿
Цһүӣͼͺ˭ӲˣŰɣҲֹҪٵϣһҪüͺԸӱɹ˺򣬶ˣ㲻ŮôҲģ
С͹ˡ
㡪㡪үָЩģֱѪӿ
治ɫ˫ִүһűۣüӡ
ͻȻһġΡ
ȻŴʾ϶ȻֱֵߣӦĵĿؼүӣѾ۾ȥ
һƬհף̧ţź񱻶סһ캰ˣճסһ
Ƭ촽ֻڿ⶯ĺһ䡰үү

һ磬Ѿͬһ˻ĺ졣
ύʱ˺öϲǡ˵ϰףǼҪ׼Щзݡ
Ժ˶˲٣仰ͰѷΧȥһʱֵ֮Ĳˡ
֪мǸԤһֱûиְο⺢Ըôѡģڵҽ߼㺢ӿ϶ûµģ
˷׷׸͡
ʺкŮ
˵Ů
Ц֣Ůãģÿ϶㣬ǸŮ
ɫߡŴϼ
һݾͿ΢΢ͷ棬һ·˲ƽˡ
߹ȥһڵӣž˿ߡ
ȺӦȦţԴľ
ȥС£þöûиĶ
һʱ֮䣬Щп
˾ͷû
˵ֻˡ
Ʋ죬קקĶ䣬Ѻˣѵһ¡˵קק
ûԴ۾Լʳ
˺þãղŹ·θϢ˲䣬˵ͻȻ£ǳ౳Ұ¶˳ȥ
ûͳлԵĻҲûʺΪʲôһֱûʶ
Ѿûˡ
Ӿӣǻ
ζˣ
ֻҪˡֻ塣
û뵽䣬ͱ¡
ֱӣźһӡ
˵
ܣ಻ܳ㡣                        
лҪ˵~зɾʹɡ

 70 

۾
ɫʣΪʲô
ᱻ, СЩ԰ס֣µڹڹЯ֮˽нˮܸ, ֲȱǮ
ûɱ㡣
ڳôΪ, ֮ǰ˵
գգ۾, ûʲô飬ƮƮӦŶ
Ǹе, ղżһ͸о̫Ծ
Ǹ, Щϵٽٺõ˲˵, Ҳʡ
Ȼʱû, ʲôû
ǼӦе㲻̫ԡ
ûЩһ, Գ̬һӾͱˣ·Ƶ, ɺദôãôῴƽµСŤ
ɿ쿴һۣʹ˼, ü̬ȣǲǡ
Ȼ뵽Щĺһ䣺ô
͡һЦ, ȥ̿ûȫЦһƯһӱš
Щšźʣôˣ
šüҡҡͷû, ղһЦ˿ˡ
˵Щ¡
ƻӵʱ˳ָ죬Ҳ˰̡˺öණԤơ
û뵽ʸһڡ
ҽлʿ㿴ģҪ塣
˽סһ׽סһֻ֣ϸָ˳ָȥʮָڰеƤҡҡ
ö⻹һηô
ǸҪ뵽ղǰάӣ̱ҡ
Ӳǹɡ
Цֻ͵ȵ󣬹ãȻ󲻽һ䣺ǲǡ֪ҺͳĹϵˣ
˽۵֣һ䣺ʲôϵ
СƢúúú塣
ǰǷµˣҪúû
ץĸԼķקקûʹ˳ӵϣȻŮ˰ַŵࡣ
Ƶ۾˲䡣
⻹һ߲һ˵ҡ
øӡ
ˣѹ֣᣺ʦ֣ѧУʱ׷ҡǻҴһѧʱ⼸ûʲôϵ
ҪŪͲǵˡ
ͨĹϵӽһ£ԥԹᡣ
˼ңָָԼ
԰Լġ
΢š
ǳЦʣʲô֤ݣ֤𣿡
ǼͳлԵӣ֪ɣͷ˵ȥ˼ͳлԣ˵óй¶ݣȥû֡
ҵ˵һֱϲ㣬ܲҽʵŻҲ˵˳һǮûҪ
ȷʵ֤ݣǳֻעˣ˭ϵҲ˭أ
ⲻܣ֮ǰͷ˶ҵϲ̹ʱ򣬻һֽףҡ
˵͵һ١
ֽдšҪҸ
֮ǰڵ绰Ҳȷ˵Ļ
۾ſ޵һ㣬ɫЩ㱡
Ǹºˣײ˵ֱ̫׵Ļ׷Ҳһֱϸˮ򶯵ķ
ʲô£ֱ׵İһ뷨˵飿

һصµ
ǲ뵽ʲôԾĵطˣ˵ǳҵģǲǹ˷Žȥף
Ҳ֪ԽԽĻţ߬ż֡ദĺܺãҾǻẦˡ
ⷽıԶӦʲôֻ֪֪Ҫһ˽ȥ
ˣͱˣһ˺úȥ飬ҪҲŹҪûҲԲԩ
ͷ۴ɫʶѾˡ
ؼҰɡ˵˷ɻҲûúϢҲܲˡ
һסһʲôס˵ģ
һġü
Լȵġ
ְһۣȥú˯һһ¡¹֮ǰ׼ĴҴ
Һ׼磬Ȼһæҡ
ȥҪʲôźˣ޷پܾϵſʣʲôҪģ
¥ݵǸͷ¼ˡ
Ӧתתһ룬ͻȻʲôͷݺݶź
ֱӵĿ°ͣںϡ
׼ĵ˵
Ŷ
ߺ󣬺˻Ȼùߵֻ㿪ͳĶԻ
ֻעˣ΢Ӧûڡ
ŽǵϣǱ߷Ϣ⼸ֵʽ˵һ顣
ϣ

С¥·ϣڰֻ˻
Ļ̾ʾе绰˽ֻ𶯸ͣ
ɨһۣʾιܼҡ
ûӣɵڳ°༤ĳﴩ
绰һֱԶҶϣһŵڶ绰ִ˽
ƳһۣزιܼңʾǼͺԵ֡
Цһš
°ĸ߷壬·ϲܲ³չչһ·ڣǰһһ
ƽ٣ͣڱ˳βͺ档
һֻͣ𶯵һӱ̶
յþͺ㣬һѵĴ£ֻ˼ë¡
ǾЩȣ棬һŻ𡪡ȥָȼˡ
ֹס룬֪Ӧ㺫һð𵽸ϡ
ð¶ȵֻͣ𶯴̼ĸ˲ϴʱֱӰѴһĶ紵
ǹӻʱˡ
绰Ѿʼǵĸˡ
ػ˵ˣүǰʦ
Ϣǹ죬սͣ⣬ʱ룬үӹϢιܼ֪ͨǼͺ֪ͨģ
Щ߰㷢ɢ˼άɢ˼עֱ˽Ժӽ˴ŵź֪ʶС¥ŵơ
ˡ
һɳϣյ¥ݡ
ſĶһվĿȥһİĳʮֺÿˡ
ȷӦ̣
æͷǡ
Ÿ˵Ĳ࣬лĵġ
Ƴһۣܵűߵ¡
ǰµûߣ
ûУǺܺ£̫̫߰Ǽɣ̫̫𣬴˺Ӷƽɣ
ǰźӵģҿȥҽԺչ˼̫̫
ûشЩ⣬Ĭһͳʲôϵ
̲ΪʲôˣϺɻ󡣡ҸûйϵǻˣµҡڶҾͱ͹չ˼̫̫ûĹϵ
Ϊʲôһİ˽
ȫң˵£һӾͺۿ̫̫˵иѹֱӸšպҪȥˣվŸŮˣҾΪ̫̫˵ѡ
ΪֱӸŽݡҳȥ˼Ҳûˣû뵽һͿ̫̫ڵϡ˵ң
ȻҲΣ
һס
šü˰죬үһߣ漸еæӣ벻ˣʱҲòߡ
ղ˵Щһȥ飬ȥҽԺúչ̫̫ӡ
ģһ
̻طúϢ£ȥҺ˵¼
ͷΪ˼Űװģպ¥ݡ
Ѵ洢óȵһ顣
˵ֻҪ֪ΪʲôһҪ
µʱ䣬Ƶĵĺ̲
ĿִȻ˴ӱһơ
ֽ߬ȭͷ޲ĻǸСһ¥
žͿק˼ҵͷ̨ףֲ½Ӱ˵Ǳ˵ĺأԺҪ̡
ͷָ̧۾ϣֻ°¶档
ãһֱĹһЦ
֪ŮԼԿ
ϧƵͲ֤ݣҲӲ߷ɳΪС
ĵ˺֣͸Ҫٵ
лҪ˵ڶǰɣ˯쿴
ⱾĴŻиµӣѾʼȲд˹

 71 

ڵϿļүӹϢ
ϼ͹, ˵˼͸˵´Ҫ뿪
˸һߣһӵмŴϵиӰԴչ˵
̵۾֪룬ȥͼֽӲͣڰա
Щ깤˼Ҷв, иϹ, ҪôǰõĹ, ҪôǶ˽ġ
ûй˲չ˵ľ飬ûȫ֪չ˱˽ͬ䲡ѡ
, Ϲʲôģҿʱö, Ϲʱһ롣
Ц, ˼һ, ʵûŪصǰ仹Ǻ䡣ڴ, ԰ԼϹ
ȻҲп˼ľһ˵
Ҳ֪æʲôЦŻص
Ϊǹ⺬Ų˵, ϲ̫ÿ˸̫׼ЦصĴϡ
ʵẫˣΪ˵ʵĲ֪æʲô, ֻ֪Ǽһ̯ӵ¡
̿ŲԼĵط˵áüӣҪǸиҪűˡ
̲סЦ, һЦӵ˿ھۣһ۾뵽Ͽܻһª˰̡
ʱˡ
תעպֻڳ治, ̰ѵӴ򿪡
Ųֻһм䴲Ķ棬ӣԴһŤһ
һ򿪸պĳƾŵĽĿ±Ŀ϶³չϼŽȥδӡ
ԭԭ
Ŀ˼ʮƵĵǽϼүӵú˼̡
ͷɨмһֱϹлļˣĿһûƼмӰӡ
ȥ
ȷʵûнá
棬·߿һùͺͺ֪ʲôͣ¡
ֻ˽иͣүӳ£ҽԺֻܳҪػһֱе绰
ֻ½Ӱƽ˵ģ˵͹ˡ
ֻģʽ̨һ˫ŰЬŵһ˫ֵԺš
ż滮һӰ֪˶ǹүӵġ
ôۣ˯ģ룬үӴ죬ĲǷʲôˡ
û룬һ˯۾ˡ
۾ֻǿ㲻绰ˣιܼҺʦֱ˺óóĶš
ιܼҵĶǴķθ֮ԣɨ۾͸ɾˡʦĵǲɿ飬ֻʲôʱԸһ顣

һǮҪ
½½вٳүһʶȷʵ٣Ŵ⿴ԶһһĿڡ
ϸһƣŶԭҡ
˵̫̫ĸףͼĸϸһЩǰû˼ע
˰ΣֱǽΪֹ
ԺͿ϶ǸƯ̫̫
˵Լˡ
ԥķ뿪ȥҽԺ
ȥǰŲһתȥӤҡ
֪Сû
һչȥͿӤҵĲǰվһӰŲһ٣ʶЩϤĸо
һɫ޷·סϰע⵽Ӷóֻڶߣڽӵ绰
ҪȥСͻȻ˵
һ˲ãǳ
ϸһӿ϶ǰ˾һֱϵϵĳࡣ
̧űȥй¶ݵ£ɹʹģⲽû
һҲ֪ôˣûȥһպöڹսǺ棬ǽͳֻ˸ֻƣ·ע⵽
绰ݡ
¥ϲֻ֧̣󣺡˵㱳й¶ݣɵ𣿡
΢Ϣû뵽Ȼ˵绰
࿴Ųһ˵Сţºͣȴºͣ¼𣿡
ûش⣬仰Ҳȷʵǻشˡ
ɵģôͻȻ˵¼¡
ֻһŲĻʾ¼УһȻûС治ɫ
Ǳ߳˿ţڰѺã뵽ĶᷴƵϡ
ڰ©֮ǰѾ뵽֤ݣĿֵ˺ܶ࣬ÿһÿһ˶пܳ¡
Լעʧ٣һʱ治һܻɵϡ
绰͸ˣ߸һӦת־ܰ¼졣
뵽̾˿˵㿴ֽ𣿡
ˡ
ҪţףҸģףԼҸҪġЩѡŴǡһ˵Щû뵽ϵҡ
ǰСŸ첲ذڶеκͻ⼸Ҫûˡ
Ĭ
ͻȻЦҸ㽲°ɡ
ĿһӱúԶƺʲôõļ䣬Цǳ
ǰڱиҸĿ֮ңְֺ裬áôСͲãҪסԺҲıͬ亢ӵʮһǰһҹͻȻգְ迪ȥҽԺû뵽ҽԺֻмʮ׽ĵط˳
統ʱڲμһʽӪü춼ûͼϵˡͻȻôһ죬ϼҵǰǸְóˡҪϼչˡ
ûкӣܺáõ⳥УⱲӶʳǡ
Ǹһֱûǳ£ٴһЩ鵽˵£ϲŮ޸ǼҵүԼҲΪүߵˡ
֣صĺ֣ԶԶͳлԣ֮һӮҡ
Լʮ㣬ֻ¶ѡ
ĳǸ߳ѾˣѾʮ꣬ǮҲûãˡ
ְָһ¹ζûУȫǱĸ׺ģ
֪ͳлԻɥĲ̶ֳȣ֪ͺӻˣҲɵġ
ץϱӵһǣʱѾ.ĲӣͰ͡
˵Щʲôɺһ۶Ĳ
̻ˣЩǵ߽ЦЦû£Ͳֵһ룬
ѽ̫̫㲻ܿޣ²ģ̼æֽ۽ѹ
ʣʲô
˵Σµ飬󶼱Ӧϵķ߿ֽɾһԿЦ
滰Ǽٻ
ԭһ˵൹Ǿһɺöࡣ
ͼתƻ⣬ⱻŪ˵գ

ӤҿŮú㡣
𣿼ҵǣ̫ԸҿƬ
ܻãһֱ첲ĸ㿴

սǴѾû˼Ӱӡ
һһӡ¥ߣ̨档
²¥ɱ氲װ˺ܸߵİȫ
ĺι̸պȥͱɢˡһ㶼ָߣ˵һΪͺпָ֢
Űȫģһģһֵȼһ
лҪ˵֯СʹгĶ˹

 72 

, ҽԺһҾƵ꿪䷿
ѷ̣ȥúϢٹ
Щ, Լ˽ⲻ, ܷչ˺úֻɡ
һ, ԥоϴպ˯, ̫̫Ҳкҡ
ǶԺµ, ޲öʮСʱΪ, Լ
ûʲô, ѷһ, ϱĿһԸ֨ӡ
Ƴһ, ѻȥϢɣٹæģһһȻûϸ, Ҳᣬ㲻һֱġ
Уˡ̫̫ԷȻȫ˲áָָ߹ϸ͹Ӳ, 뿪
ֻĵһͳԵҽԺʳõķͲԲĶһĵӪͣÿ찴ʱ͹
ֻǺһֱ, ҲûʲôθڣÿٳԵĶ١
ղ͹һ٣Ϊ̫ãȣԷŵһߴٳԡ
Է𣿡
ۣҲϽ԰ɡ
˵Ҫ۾һƣҲ֪ûȥֳȥ
򴽣òȥ
ǰӪ͵ĸӴ򿪣һһڣһ˵һ䣺ҽ졭Ͽүӵˡ
˵һڼϸƷζܲڼ
һ٣α΢΢һļԵĳּ룬Ȼ£뺫һЩ
˴첲ϥϣԴ䣺Ҳǹⲻ˵ΪҲ֪ô㿪ڡ
˵Ͳϲ㣬Ҳûʲô塣
Цãӷŵһߡ
Ҳڹ㡪ƲƲǣѹʲô˵
ͷ°˵ûôѹۣ˵ĺ
Ƕţҽ˵ûʣ¶ʱ䡣ͻȻ뿪׼
Ȼүӿ˵ǱЩģʮǰļүӺĸҲһ
Ͱ⼸ƽһʵûôѹ
ΪʲôƲֵģ°ָͣ˴ǡ
ץסΪ֪˳ݺͶ
̨͸δ˵绰ٲ¡
ǱҲɭʼǱ߰ѾŵµĿϣȡµ̬Ͷʡ
ץų಻š
̾˿ͷһںǰЩ֪롣ץӷΰ죬ӭźĿǵ绰˵˿ڡ
ôû뵽ݣΪ˲ִȫүڴҸ֪ǻ˼һиӡ
º̸̸£û뵽˾Ȼôɵ֪ˡ
˵еʱͦġ
ΪԶʮǰͽ飬ʮȻһ˭û뵽ʽ±
ʱ˵ĸףоĳһεļôꡣ
˵ڳһж£Լһ㡣
Ū˰
û취׷ΣЩԲ𡣡
ΪŻһߣΪĸ׵ԵʣֻܵΪֹί
Цһ£ͻȻּеʱֹСкһɣɵ
ͻȻԹһڡ
Ȼ˵ұ˵Ҫٹ֮ܳ࣬ϵӣԹԹ˵壬Ϊֹոպá
㲻ҪöҲϾҵǼͳлԺӣˣһҪǵõӦƲá
仰˵Ư۾̹̹ļ
ˣֹǣмͺԺͼϣŪΪ˷˸

˵󣬼æˡ
һʼÿһͱһء
ݺ˽⣬ֻڵϺ΢ϷּϵġԽԽ࣬ۼϵĹƱѾ˺þá
Ĵһ٣ڴȲĴչʡ
Ϲզô֪ˣÿعǸ˵Ҳûʲô
ǰ˳˸кʱһ߱Ųһ߸˵
ոտ´̷ŴЬʲôĶ
ԹĻüƽϣܵĳ˸ٵЦ
̷ȥ¥µӤҡ
ĺӻĸһͻز˯ڴ˴ߵСϡĸһѾܿȻͿԲ顣
˳ĻһھܳԺؼҡ
Ůȴһֱ¥¡
Ҳϸ񣬱ˮͲ࣬ЩҲ˻ȥ
Ӧûĸιˡ
վڲǰӹŹػһγ˲СĵϸǸߺСӤ
Щ쾭ƬƵѾ⺢ӺϤ
ӳԺ˵
ĿתһЦְҲ˵ңҿ˰죬Ǿ
̫̫ȡʲô𣿡ֻдš֮ŮԺҪ׼ϻˡ
ⷽˣ֪Ķࡣ
˵֣ͻȻڨڨ
ӳڰˣͼûһ¡
˿Թ߬СȭͷСˣ˼
ռֵ̫͡أҪֵġڲϵ˵㣬дʡҶûʲôҪֻҪƽ־С
⣿ǣ֣˵˼̵⼸ô
˼룬⼸ԢⶼܺãСҲ˳ڡ
ֱϼĴҴҵĸϹ˵⼸ѡһֺڡ
αһ䣺˰죬Ǹϰ
Ϊҹۿ²۲ͣ
⣿Ӿﶯ˭˭˭һ⣬Ůڼͬ͸˭
ǣǲǶ˵޼̫뵽߰£
֣ǸɣɴúӽֵˣԺҸ飬ͽִ䡣
Ǳǰ漸ǿҾõġ
һ˵һΣѺȫˡƫƫ˵޷
̱ľǼ̸꣬ı뷨
գݺݵһۡ
˵ʲôҾֿġһ˵ô
žˡ㿪Ĺ֡˰죬ڣ⣬Ļ˵ģУģ
һԲôоеŤġ﷭ȥ߶Ļǰɡ
ǣдҲÿ˶֪£ҵŮǶһ޶ǡ
ԽԽ˫ֲõĳޡ
ԣŮžͽ

.
ָĺܿ죬׼Ժǰһ죬վڲĴɹ̫ɵĺϰߡ
ǱҪҽԺסһڣ᲻ãԾһԱ߾Ƶ꽫һ£ʱͺһС¥
˵ԣЩһֱסھƵ꣬Ҳûؼҡ
ʰʱ򣬺ڵ￴˼ƲϢ
ϣڼϺôչ
§˵ҷүҵжռ̳˳ֱӹ鵽˼ͺϡ֮ǰϵĹɷҲ˼Сɶ
ƲȽҪһʱܽ
ǻḺծ𣿡
ᣬ˽óѾɶ˼ͺԸùɶȨ֤ݣǻߡ
֮ⲻ˵ġǵ˽Ҳ
ǳǾͻΪͨˣޡڰ¥ŮˣѾû˹ܴкĹ˾Ҳǰкˣͳлһһ˸ӣ뿪ĺѡ
һڣ̫̫ʲôҪﲻ⣬˵ѻ𡣡
㵱һԸչˣڻС֣һ˫̥
Դڼؿڣã˵
СˣΪڶ㣬ĺӳΪڶҡ
ͨͨɣԺ󲻻ټˡ
̫̫ˣҾհ졣ס°֧ͷϡ
۾ֱֱĿŰա
룬ŮһֱֵĺǺ˽ʵȺܶ˶ҪȺܶ˶Ҫ
̫̫̲סһ
ţ
Ժ󲻻ίġĶ䣬ϿҼᶨ
˵ûãҪ֤ҿ˴
ЦŵͷŲǵ촽ͷŶͷ۽ëతţɨɨȥ˶ЩһԼͬЦ
һںȥҽԺӺӡ
ӱʵʵΨһ¶Сϣ۾ţҲţǸȽ˯ࡣ
ڳҽԺǰϸŪ˰캢ӡ
Ǻţ̲סҪ겻ϻŸӸ߲֡
Цһ˺üš
㣬ڣǱźӲ֡
ЦּƳԱ·һһǺ庢Сǽһ֪Ӧ
Ҫ˰
˳ſȥţԤմǰСˡ
һڵء
Ѻӷŵ˫Ŵӱźһס
ҽԺϣʱʱǱߵĿ޺
̻࣬
˵
ǲɡ
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