صС˵www.27txt.com ȥС˵
½Դ磬ȨԭУԤ

﷢¸    ߣ̻˼


Խĵڶ죬ʵڶܲ˵ͼɽȥҳԵġ

˸˻

Ŀ˿ϻԵˣٿһƶϴļҡ

ʵڲ֪б𡯸ͽıĸһЩ 

Ⱥڻϥʱ۲ףһжõİš

˻֣һпʼܶĹ~ мһֻ漰ƾ١

裬ܿʷա
ˣŮˣ˫趨ܰġ 

ԤġͷΪ֮ ղ~
Ϊɽ츳ţڷؾʱʦίνȥѰݡ

ȴһؾͬŷֿѰʱżһ䡢ΪָߵĹͬУΣյʱ򣬹ӲԶվһתͷܿࡣ

Ϊʧ󣬵Ϊ£ҲԸһ¡

ôõĵ£룬ݲⱲҲᰮ

ؾһ򿪣ʹţܸŵĳ

֪ٽؾ򿪵ӣ羪ֵط֣ôԽԽͷ

֪磺ƭӣ˵ϲʦ㣬ҪŮװƭҸ飡

Ѧֻ˵֮ǲɽӣδָ˵ʦ㡣

磺ҡ

ѦҲǲɽӡ

ؾֵմԽʱֻСèԼˡ

Ѧ~˵èǾǰɣ

˧Сܡƫִ鹥

ףǰŮװ

Ԥ2
壬͵¡ֵССղ~
֮󣬲ͻȻ֮ͨȴſ롣

ǧڶѵ£˿˵׹

֮ÿ׹˵ȥϴּʱҪ׹Ӳժ£մۻࡣѧϰʱҲҪ׹˼Ҹһࡣ

Էʱ򣬸Ҫ׹棬һ䣺ֲ赭ίһˡ

һʱգĳǰǧĸհ׹Ϸ£׹Ʈһʳָ߲˶ٵСˡ

С˿۹䣬ڿУһһϹߣ⼸ˣԲҶˡ

ǧıŵúһ

Сü˵ϣԽԽô

ǧСֹǹ˳һЩ/|ƱиС֮ģûַʽ

һ׹ƮСˣһͲʿ

˵Ҷü

ĳУǺ

***

֮ǧĿһôġ

ֻ͸ԶмŵǸˣôôС˵ķŴ档

ǧģ϶Զˣ

С糡

ĳıԴУ̤żǧıһȺмս

֪߷׷ֹλûôȥģ

СϢͨˣ㲻֪Ǵ˵λĵ°

Ƽ 

ɸųϲڻҡ--Ů ͷƼ~

Ƽ 
ѡֵС
ĩ ŵ~
Ƽ̻˼ҡ С~
ĩ֮ƫһ硷 ĩƤ~
ĩӡ ĩ~
ϴרɿ~

ݱǩ   ʳ ƾ 

ؼ֣ǣ  ǣ   

һ仰飺ũճ 










1  һ  Խ  





Ǳһ̾ѵģۿ˭Σ;ͷһʹ̫ѨҲͻͻֱ

ǡˣ

ԣˣڸ˾Ʒ;ʱԱһµʱ򣬻ֱӳСγѹ˹

˼ˣ͵ۣŪʲôȻͷ֮⣬ʡ

Ŀ֮ֱӴӴ

ȻҽԺһʮֳ¾ɵļӴϣӴµɫֲŲ֪Ѿ˶ꡣϵıͬɫģŹɾδɹ̫ùζ



һµس⿴ȥĿڴ߰ϣ಼ѣŷٵĸײš

˼ˣϲɫһžͰѵСǲԴ¿ˣΪ˸ƶĹѰ̼Եȥĸĸү𣿡

˵ÿһ۶ˣɺһȴʲô˼ʲôΪ˸Ѱ̼

ü˼ʱԺͻȻһλ棬ȵġ·ʱһβһµظˮĲݣͨһˮȥץסβ㡭

ӣҲѰ̼ȥץ㡣ѿڵ˵ЩãȻô֪⸾˽гӣղǶλô¡

£˼ضۿƬ̣һ̹ȻŵãԺҲִˣ־ץõҪպ·㻹㡣

ԺҲˡ۹ϴȲµô£Ȼղץ˵ģϴҲӦõġ

ңͽץʲôģȷʵô

ϴ̬ãŻЩɫҲ̫ãϢɣҸ廹лҪɣȻȥˣҲˣ͹

˵뿪۲֪ȻиˣֻǸղűסˣû˵û֡

ۿ˾Ҫ̤ż۷Ӧæ鷳ˡ

תͷӦŰŴϡ

Źʵˣæһѧ顣

ӹɵģڵʱ£ǵˣҲдĿܡ

Ȼͳһˮ˵ˣӵһβԼļ䡣

һò뵽Խʡ

Ϊʱ꣬۶ԴԽʲİֻûһᷢԼϡ

ڴƬ̺۱ǿͷʹĶһ顣

ΣȻԽ֪ʲô۵ϣüȥĻᣬͲܷ

ֻڳԭˮһμ⣬һ֪øϽһЩϢС

ڹ߻谵ɨۺ󣬾ߵߣ̧ƿ˲ֽľӴ

ӲŴ϶ĺȿֺӿ룬̲ס˸

ȴһûֻظɽ֡

һƬͲ̦𿪻

۴С³󣬴ĳƸУ²Ӧ紺

︴գļڣͬµһʼ

۵Ըһǿ䣬ȻҲڸûҵ˾ȫ˵£ƾԼŬ˴ѧѧѸѣһҵ͸һԼҵ

վƬ̺۵Ծ±üᶨ

ʹͷѸ˼ڵȴ˶വ

һ紵ʱ۾ͿʼĶ

Ķ٣ŴսĹ⣬һ۾ܿһŴһ¹һʣһӡ

˵򵥵ˡ

ֻǳϵǣϾȻ飬Ϥġ־ѧ֡

۾ϲط˷ûҵҪϢ鱾ҳ˳˼

һٶʮơ

۲ʷǷлʵ۵ΪףԿ϶ǣδлʵλꡣ귨ӦòԻʵ۵ġ

Գ㣿

ʷҲûйд׵ĳ

̲סԶ󿪵룬ѵ˵ǴԽһʷϲڵʱ

ܿ²õ֤ʵ

Ϊڼʱ￴˸װӡ

ĩŴйӺۿʼʷϸʹõľͶż귨

ۿǽϹŵĸװӣǼȻϲЩʧ䡣

ϲǴԿӦûḻ

ʧʷϲڵĳ޷֪£С˵ĴԽһΪ֪ʷķչ󿪽ָ

ʧֻһܿͱԺҪӣȥ

ӵݸһˣʱ˯һ⣬һݣһǰӦסһЩũ߸

иͬص㣬˺ü飬۶ûҵһܳԵģһͭ塣

ΨһгԵľҲ׸ԼĪҵĲףǽһ߰˸ϡϡûװӡ

Ҳѹԭ󣬿㶼̲סȥ׽ͼʳٽʡųԣҲһһ֮ڲ

ҪǳԱ㣬ܳԵһҲʣ

վһƶϴļ˳˼ôڶʱڣҵܹ׬Ǯ·Ͼ紺ҪֵٵջĻʳûɣѾȶˡ

ܲ궼Ұάɡ

̲סҡҡͷЩڵôû࿴ԽС˵˵ܶѧļܡ

ûӳîһ

ۣ𣿡

ˡӦº΢һ־þϲԭԽԭҲ۰ȻǾͲýб˵ˣá

˵ˮˣû˰ɣ˵Ѿſڡ

ۿԼĪʮҵӣü۸֮ǰĳмƣﻹŸװ˷˵룬µӦǳҵĶӳ·ᣬЦЦѾûˡ

Ǿͺã·ͷݸۣҸġ

۵ͷӹӳֻˮº󣬰ѷ˶Լְѳ·Ǹɾˣŵݻȥл

·ȥʱ򣬾ûסüȿͷֻϴɾ˲ŻǵɴۣˮҲ˯ɡ

˵תҪߵʱ뵽ʲôֻͷ̽ŵѾĻҲæˡ

۶Ӧлѡ

·ԺҵصͷǱʲôһŵʱûߵżˤ˼վȺûס˴ˮˣ

ëøϽҸôҽԸתС

ӳ·ķӦԭܴǸԸµظɻģǰͷ˸ԣ˼ҵϴˡ

Ϊ˴ȫͬҲӦðܵʧ䷨

Ŀͳ·Ժӣ۲ŵͷŵ롣

ð׸һģ׶١⳴ˮۣƬеñģָ䣬͹⡣

ôһԵģڴԽ֮ǰǼĳȥԼû׬Ǯ꣬˵ҲǶѵá

Ǹڣ֮ܳʱ䶼Բζ

ϸأԵһ׶ûʣ¡

֪ˮǲŴԽԵʣԱ֮۾;Ϯò׳˵ˮϴֽź󣬵Ͼ˯ˡ

ʱ̫Ѿ졣Ե뷹ѾòˣҲ̫תһȦ֮󣬿ǵ׸׵ײڲסĲף̾˿߳ΧɵСԺӣȥתתܲҵĳԵġ

ҲãųȥͿŸͷԱԺ

æߵǰЦʵӣԵˮժİ

ָŲԶɽµ﷭ȥɽǸǳﳤ˲٣ڸܳԵʱء

ллӣھȥ۵ͷͳųָķȥˡ
























2  ڶ    






ɽ²ߣԼĪСʱ۾ͷȥߵ˳ˮ۵ĳԱߡ

˵ˮ۳˳ΧųһȦѡˮժˮ۵ĵط

ϾеֲͣһˮҪǶˣ˵ҽΣ޷ĵ״̬ôҲ𲡵ġ

۴ǰȻֻ֪нǷܶıǮ

ֻûѡҪǸطȥͻȻһֻҰӳӹ˶

ۿһСʱ˽Ұʱ򣬶СԵéݴ׾ҵ

ҲûҪÿȥҪ׽Ұٺò׽Ҳʲô

ҰĵطѰ˿Ჱָͳ˹ȥ

Ჱһξʱ۷һС֪Ϸ㲻Ծ˽Ų۾ǲŹΧÿһҰܲĵط

ôŵ˼Ӻ󣬻ҵֻ£һéŵҰ

ҰڲûзΣѽ

Ϣۣ˫ְѳſ󣬵ŵߵԱߺ󣬱৵һ°Ұͷȥ

Ұ˸ţųûͷûԵʹ·

ֵˣôܸߵĻᣬһֻҰڵϣһֻѸ·׽סҰ

Ҳûȥڵϵѣ˰éݣҰĳŶᡣ

ȷҰôҲûѵĿˣ۲ϲص˵ֻ࣬Ұƿأһˡ

һҰһҪȥϵʱһǾȵС·һͷ

ۣ

̧ͷͼһʮҵĺӣŰѹһؿҰͺ񿴵ʲôϡһ

۶˺ӡ󣬱ôſʶİŵҰ˲أͷӦҡ

ѲºˣŵصȻڼﶢǼ鿴ɽץҰˣ

仰Ϣе̫࣬ȣ겻֪ΪʲôȻЩҸӶӣǱȥСⲻǼûԵġ

ۻ˵һ룬СĿɽµһĻ͵ͣס̲סɴ˫ۡ

ôˣѭ۵Ŀȥͼһһˣ̧Ÿòӡ

ҴΨһԻΪ˺ֱ壬״ȵʲô

һһû뵽ˣֵضһۺ󣬶±̧ŵˣתɽǱܡ

˲ǴģϽȥô¡Ի仰һȵس˵Ĺȥ

ʰѣҲҰȥ

ղſ̧˾ӵʱΪʬʲôģһ

ˡ

ԻĽų̺ܿ죬۸߳ӣѾѹ˱˳ԱߵС·ϣԶԶطԸۣ˻Ȱشȥ׷ˡ

ܵߵʱԻ׷Զˡ

֮ǰӹˣô󶯾ûһڵϣɫ졣

˶ͷ̽̽Ĵ¶̲סü

ѹָղԻ˱شȥյ̶ֳȣٷڱĵϲܵĻҪ˶೤ʱ䣬˶ѾȻء

죬ûжǣͰҰص·ߵĲݴȻ󴩺ۣѵϵϱá

ڵʱϵķеҪö࣬ɶԷһٽﶼûС

طκһ϶ǲģ̲סңöԷأȻڵܣ治һܰ˱ȥ

ɼʮӺ۵ֱȵӸʱͷˮһ˳

Ҳ֪ô£ôԶ·ûֵܹġ

˸ڳһ⣬۶˶ûӡˣҲ֪˱ȥʡɴ˱ȥˣԸյ»Щ飬ȴţ֮飬ҪԻûа׷˵

쵽ſʱձ̫̫Ÿˣ̫̫һشսʣСӣ˭ﱳģ

۴ʱѾ͸һˣǿصʶɽǱ߱ġ

̫̫꿴һۣҡͷ첽߿ˡ

ֻ˷£Ͼ˼̫̫ķӦ˾ֱ塣

˷ŵϺ΢ЪƬ̣۱ָ¡

ʱϴˮʣһЩȵģʪֽ˷ͷá

˼ˮ֮ƺЩֵ˱ˮҪιЩ

ιһ־˺ˮ£˺þãǿȥС뱭м䲻Сļ˵㣬˵Ūʪһ顣

䣬ʪѾ˴ϾҲܲˣοǲˡ

۾Ͱ˵ˣ£ȷûʪӸϵ˸Ǻá

ˮͷַȵëڴϵƺ٣û֮ǰˡ

۷ЩҸط˽ʪ˵ţ⼱еغСӣСӣ

һһǸʱѾԺ

æһ첽ߵſʵʲô£

˵㱳˸ӴϢδƽϻϸһ۾ܿǼҴܹġ

ģ̫żϢϹæģѹɻ˵ͷǣԻû

üͷøɫӵؿһۺתһ˵ȥô¡

ſ˵ݣʮ߰ӣͦüĻпź롣

ֻǿȳ߲˶٣һ˾Ȼһĸо

¾Щ֣վԭûж

״ÿﵲ˷ĵ

һµԱãûǴĻҰɣ

ҪŽȥʱֱסʾķȥһлҪģ

ֻʶһˣ˴ϵıӣ·⣬ҲûʲôֵǮĶ

ĵظųȥʲôҪң

˵ʲôҪ㣿üѹɤӣǸǴﱳģ

۵֮ǰˮ۵ǸʶӵԻ׷ȥˣգȱˡ

꾲ؿƬ̣ɫ̹ȻųһظˣһΪ֮ǰµĴ̼ȥĴ°˸

ôܣСֹԼûˣ°˻ǸûԵô

һۣûص֪ûˣڿ졭

ǹһ¡

˵һ룬溰ͣʹ˸ɫʾһȥ

һ˪վڷſڣ֮ϸ˼֡

ﲻɿһ£ĨЦʣǸǲ̫𣿡

Ŵͷſۣʵ㱳ģ

ǡ۲ԣ֪˸˻Źæ

䣬ҲŴϣЬѵģ

⻰˵ںע⵽˲侪Ŵ죬ãȻص˵ͷǡ

С㡭š

ȵûǸȻڷܺ죬ûڸסüĵĺ룬ôףԺôˣ

ۣ 

ÿһˣ֮ȴãȻˡ

Ƕӵĳƺôᱻףܼˣˡˣ





















3    ˵  








ԭذ죬ץסղű˵һʣ롣

ⷽüпź룬ǸüƺҲеһš

ˣ壬·ᣬԻûеġ

Ӧʲô־

뵽ʲôһûס

үȻҴԽˣͲܶҵļ

ãɫ䣬üͷԽԽȴûҪʾ˼תͷӣҲ˵ȥæǲٰˡ

˵꿴Ҳûһۣ뿪ˡ

Ҫסȴ֪ôתۣü˱ȥҴĸæ֪Ҫ˼Ҹ𣿡

ҡ۵ͷ֪ôشźãò¶󣬾һЩ顣

һ˲ɴ˫ۣ鲻˵ѣСʣЩʲô

¶˼һǵЩʲôʲôģҲûһµҲǵøҪˣдԼ磬Ҳǵˡ

Ǳһվԭãֱ֪뵽ʲôƳһۣ˼صˣƴҲûĸԸæȽȥˮʪֽǸŶͷȥЩƹ֡

˵õȴˣǾǸһҲǻ٣Ҳǻ٣ν

˼ֻعͷۣԺĸҶԶ㡣

֪ˡ۰ͷøСƵģԸ񱾾أֻǱ˵ˡ

ζֻϢ˽ⲻɵ⣬ڶ֪ЩüкҲӦáб𡯺Ժ϶ء

Ŀͳ뿪ſվһ߽

˸ղŷ˵Ǹ׵ˡ

ֻǼȻҪǸţܾûˣǸүﶼñ

˵ԼΪûʲôȻŸҪʱȻҲķ

۸ǸĶͷֻһνʪֽ󣬳Ż

һֶ׾ƣһַŸϸˡ

˷󣬾ָŴϵ˵СӱǸ

´ɨ۴ϵˣۣôˣ

Ӧñ֮ǰЩˣû¶ȼƣֻƾоƲⲡ˵ı仯ֻ˯ȣҽʱ˵λ

˵ִԱʹڳ´󣬡

´￴ĵӣɫЩ⣬Ҳû˵ʲô

˵Ҳ֪Ҫ˵ʲôһʱš

ݳĬǴǸ֪εʲôһӽüҲһ㣬ظģһȥúõػš

´䲻һʼֻһ֣ȴսȫλ󣬴۳˼һᣬ˾ϡ

ָ۵ҿ鲼մƸ֡

תͷԸӣȥˮ˹

´˵죬Ҳأȴ˲ԾķԸȥ

ӻȥˮ۾ʹӹ˿ƴСϸ޲մ˾Һ󣬸ŵ˲֡

һʼ˲ϣǻԲѣ˫Ҳǽȭͷ

յ˻ûʲôһͰѶԷŵȭͷˣȻһŶԷֳָſ÷һֻ޲Էġ

֮ǰŶˣ۲ףιˮûʲô

֪绹иԱںŶԷָ⣬ܾùֵֹġ

˲֪ɹٻָҪֲڣָ϶һ롣

۲עȻԷ֮Լһ٣ӦǱղŷĻӰ˲ŻŸϽմ˾ҺĲԲѵ˻ֲá

ãԼĪһյĹʵ˾ֹͣ˵λüͷҲչˡ

ֵƬ̺󣬿Բѵ޽ðһϸֹͣãǸ˫رñشš

˰ѻʣһƵ˵ԱߵϷ׵ŶһֱԱߵĳ´ѾӦҪ˶þѣȥϴ֡

´￴۴ŵˣ˵ͷӰˮӦÿˣһȥ

ҲҪȥ˼

뵽֮ǰǱģʶҪȥֻ쵽һ룬뵽Ůͣס

Щεָ̽ҷȥ

´һ£ʧЦ۵ķ˵ݣ

æסطŴߣȴ˿Ůûô̬ĵز

´ȽŲ㣬ߵԺ

ӣû۲ԼȥҲû˵ϴֵ£ߡ

ߵԺűߵʱ򣬸պԻҴҵܹŵߵʣۿֻһˣµӦˡ

ǲĵʣû׷𣿡

û׷ϡԻĨ˰Ѻʪ޽ǣЩɥصͷ

Ƚ˵´û˵Ҫȥʾ۰°Ÿӵĵطȥ

֪Իֽ졣

ų´ǰߣԼŽںš

ȳ´ڵúŰŵҰݸۣҰ

ûéݴҰôҵģֻлͷӹתַŵĲ

ٳʱ򣬳ŸС

֪ҵĹϵȳߵ£վһ˲˵ӦòǸӵģ׷һֱܵ·Ǳߣ󣬾׷ˡ

´·ˡ

ɻؿһжϵĳ´

Ŀ⣬´͵һ˵ĸǸӵˣûǮҲڻŵʱͶɽ׶ûУЩ·˾Ͳһˣûʲôֲ˵ĸг̡

ҡ´˵̾˿ڣǰҲй

Щ̣һ£ǰˡ

´ĺݵˣ궼С

Ҫô죿ʵȥ

Ҫ˺Լô룿

ӳ´ĻУ۲µʱĵλӦԽϵͣưȥҲܹԼ·

Ϊʱ꣬ѽһ˼άĳˣôױ˰˻ġ

룬ȻͷǾ͸ɴףǡһѡ

ӸЩֵؿһۣǳ´Ȼ˵ˣǾ͵˵ɡ

ȻصͷʱҲˣҸûȥ緹ˣҪʲôҪæСҡ

һ߰ɣ´˵תۣȥǸɣ緹͹˹һ

۵ͷӦ¡

¼ϱ˸һͬߣȵ˳¼ԺǱˣ´죺ղֻҰ˵Сӵģ

ͷҿ׽ġ

Ȼɽ׽Ұȥˡ´˼ص·˵ģһˡ

ҲãԺҲ鷳ǼһЩ

С̶Գ·о֮ǶӦЩҲӦõġ

´ô˵ûٽӻ˻뿪ˡ

ԶˣӲʣ˵СΪʲôҪǸ˵롭

´￴һۣϵΪʲôͦõ𣿷ǸҲҪȥɽ˻ڻСҲҪҸϱ

ӵͷӦǡ

˵ۣĿ뿪󣬾ųİˮݡ

ŵĲѾû˵λˣ۰ͷϸŵĲÿ̽̽¶Ѿ˲٣ַЩ

ֻǿüĴһ룬̲ס˳˼

θûüкǸԼˣӣ

㤵ǣô趨Ȼ׾ôˡ

Ƭ̺ҡҡͷԴ߰뷨˦ȥԽô¶ˣʲôܱԽ

 




















4    ɸ  





֪ԼΣֻصȥһ졣

ѩ䣬һʱϾͻ˺һ㣬ȽȥûСȡ

ѾܳʱˣûɨѩҲûĸסһСԺ

֪ΪʲôΪе˶ȥǱףٰæȥˡ

լһԺֳ棬ر

̿ҲҪȼֻʣµǻ𣬾ڴϵĸһ֪ʲôʱͻ;ƿݡ

ʱȥ̿ϣȥǰ׾˰СԺˣͶʱţʱŶŵģֹĸӶ˳ȥ˵°Ѳȥˡ

ʱǰȥһţûӦ

֮Ͳ׼ȥˣ˵š

ɽͲ䣬ϾͷȣֻϹ̡

˵ᵣġ

֮̿󣬽Ա߹﷭ڱϡ

ǺɫģЩͷˣϵĸ˿ûסӱݹ᾵֣ḧ˼£ĿҲԶ

֪ǲǿǰ˵ľƺ࣬ǿŴӴֶһҪúõػţȻ뿪ҡ

ֱ䣬þϹŵı⣬סֵȴȥ

Լ֮ǰȥôѰӣŹˣҲһԡ



Ǹһʱȷ϶ͷϵ¶ѾȥӦҪ˶þѺ󣬾ȥˡ

ǳԵĳ·͹ķⶼˣܻܲóҸԵġ⼸䷿ֻ˯ˣҲҪøǸˣ粻ú˯ĵطûط˯ˡ

ڼƫǰסˣ洲ڣȻ˲ũߣһ¾С

۴ݹ﷭Ժɹš

Ķʱпֻǲ֪ûùˣȥܸܵʪ˵ǹŵùζˡ

Щһʱ䣬һܰѱǹùζɹûܱȾôֱӸǿ

ʵıһ𱧳ɹˣֻǸڻûѣֻա

ְƫũһ飬ڳ˷ŴǰӣϺһҲɨɨִˮɾϰɹı챧Ϻ󣬾˯ˡ

һкȥ￴۲ˣûҪļ󣬾תȥͻֻҰˡ

Щǰͻᣬ

ظҰѪѪҲû˷ѣ÷ˮʢţʱѪ

ˮ̹ļëܺʣ¾ɾˣ඼ͳ۰ϴɾҰߣһȳųӪһЩ

һõݹԣϾϳǰֻ⣬мѪӣЩҲܹԶٺõˡ

һȦûҵҪõɰֻ˶εó˵

ܴҰֻңëȥ󣬰߼Եøˣᡣ

۳Ƭ̣뵽ʲôְѸչҺõǰ߼ȡŽһˮϡ

ȻȥҰ࣬Ұദɾŵļպ󿪡

ùƮĸĭƲɾְĲ˼ֻСš

ľƵĹǲܸϣŨ˳ߵķ϶ֱƮƬ̺󣬾ʶĲý

ٴȥ̲סһ뵽лûȥǸˣ֪ûУϴɾֳ

ңһֱԲѣػؼΣûҪš

һ̤ݵţͿԭԵƿ

ĿԼ䣬˾һ㶡

ȷӦѸرֻһԴ棬ؿۣ˭

ҽۣǡðɣҲ֪뵽֮ǰĶԼСʲôʧ飬ͲԾһһ£ȥи˹

Ǹɻɿڳ˹ȥ

۱ǸѣԹ緹ûµظɻ۹ȥʱԺ߻˵Ǹˣʲų´һۼҡ

û飬һһأƬ̵Ĺ

ǽݵʱ򣬽Ѿҵ֮ǰ۰µ۴׵Σڵϵǡ

ǽŴӵվ

Ϊ˯̫ã廹Ӧһûվȣ²ˤɫҲ԰׵

ӷų´ǰ棬״һæϽ

˵ͷûж

Ψһһʣ۲Ǿõӱˣ´ûתſڵӰ˽ڳ´

״ؿһۣû˵ȳ´º󣬲Ÿ£ų´ʣ

ϼҴ壬´˵ָָۣʱȥժҰˣ˰ӵɽǱߵĹͰ㱳ˣͬеԻȥ׷ˣû׷

´ľ˵ú

嶶һ£ĵȻ

ӿ촽ҧ÷ףҧȥҪѪˣæϵ˱ˮŵǰðģ˿ȡ

ллع˳ĵǣ̲סЩᣬͷҽнҶڹҡ׸ܵܡ

֮ǰͲµֿܣԼ˵ⲻܵҧгݵصֱɥ

ԳһЦ׵ӹţҪȥͶĸң·ϰѲ˵£ȷʵǻ¡

˵мĸм̸ƵܵҲ׵ܵܣ۴Ųµ˵ĹϵҲ֪Ҫôӻǰο

Ҫȥ㸸𣿡´ʣ뿪Ӧû߶Զ

ҲҪȥᶨҡͷ

ۼ״̲ס˿壬ˣҪǻһȥĻжԼ

´Ҳ˵ͷʣ㻹бȥ𣿡

һƬãûС

Ȼûбȥ´δĸԸĻǴ壬ָһ˼ҡ

Ĵκһ޴ȥĸ˵ٺòİţҧûнӻľ޷Լôһʶˡ

´ãҲûȵĻش̲סʹ˸ɫ

۲ԣȰȰôҲͬôָ˵

ֿ÷׵ָڣЩ̣뵽ԼԽȻûóˣôиڷ絲ĵطҲҪ˲棬嶯֮±ҪûýҪôĻס

ڳ´Ӻɸ֣ЩӵĿ۽ŵҼһһյӡ




















5    ˶һ  




´궼ûסƿߣٿۡ

ȴضۿãֿҲ̹̹ģ˼ͷáл

ȻԼ˹ʶ´Ҳٶ˵ʲô˽飬һؼҵġ

Ƕһߣֻʣ۸ˡ

ۻȻ࣬Ҳӵˣֻǿģǲ֮ǰǷռ˵Ļ˵¼޵Ρ

ԳĬƬ̺۾ʱ䲻ˣЪɣȥŪ

ȥɡ

ۣãҺܿŪá

ҿԸɺܶ׳԰סġ

ûסЦ£֪ˣ컹˰ɣ㲡պõ㣬ɱŵġ

˵뿪ݣ΢΢Ĵʾ顣

ղ̶̼Ի۷ֽͦθڵġ

һֱãʲôݣֻܹӮñ˵ء

˵ʵڵģ˽ס£ͦһһڵˣϾԼڶǳ˽ģ֪

ûˣͦõġ

ȻԱô㲻̫Ȼ˵ӵһһܶĺֵܣ

ȴ֪ͬеҡ

û뵽ۻס£ҿľֻǵסû˼

⣬Ҳܸм

һδĸӹסһ£ڱζʲô

ʲô˽ͰԼȥȣԸҪ

Ҳʲôѭ浸صˡ

ۻصʱĻѾˣҰоæȥš

󷹵Сȥס

ʣµǵܹ죬ڶ˸ˣ֪ܲܳ졣

һǿŹӵˣҵıķҵף˳ԷôٳԣҲŲ˼졣

ҲûʡţܳԵķҨ㹻׳ϴ

һ£׸׾ֱ֮һҡ

󷹺ܿ죬ӾͿˣۼСĻ÷š

ָԱ߹ļΣζòˣúѼʢһ˿Ĩں£ݡ

ߵſڵʱ򣬿ӱߣһûһµűڷ

Щ죬ûֳֻһԼˣȽ̧ͷŵ￴һǸСﻹˮû

æ£һ㡣

㶼ɣ۵ǸǳҵģҸ͹ȥ

ãˮƿӿ۹棬ﻹЩҩϴһٸȥ

۵ͷ˴

ȽϴɾСݸһСһֶźߣû߼ֻعͷҾڸڣҺܿ

վſڣûסЦ£֪

۵¼ҵʱ򣬳·մӵԺľߴˮϴ֣۽˶Щȣǳ·ᣬ룬۾ɵøͭһˡ

Ȼع˳·һ£ʾϽϴ֣ЦۣСôˣ

ҽ첻ɽ׽ֻҰô˾͵ǳһ£˵ŰСһݸֻҲպø͹

ҾͲˡĻϲؽӹĵСȷʵ˲١

ΪҵҵСʱ̾ȹһȥ⼸ǼûչۣҲûʲô⡣

ɣһֱõرĸоȫһġ

˳ѹȥ̹ȥ¸´˵ˡ

Ƭ̺ݳǸض۵СӣҼҺ붼ռˣ뻹𣿡

żۼȻܾˣȱõģҾȻȥˡ

ȥɣл㡣ʱպϴָк۵

۵ӡǳĬԣһʱ򣬼ǳ˵Ҫʲô£Ϊһ֮Ҳᷴ

ǰüԸ򣬵رϸĵˡ

˵лҪʱⲻЩ

µĵº󣬳Ǳ߱һ´㽨Ժ⼸ڸ˹ȥʮǮһ죬˵ڵػӦ죬ҪҪҺͳ·һȥ

ҲûӦҸһȥ

ڶû¹ˣи׬ǮķôܷŹȻڵػǸһʮҲܱ࣬ûҪá

Ӧôϣɳһ£Ҫˣڵػ£²ǱҪʱͳ߹ȥٻҪʱ𣿡

ۻһʱ䣬ʱߵ㣬߹ȥһСʱҲ˵Ҫ

ʱһ˵Щ𴲣Ѿʮꡣ

Ե˵ͷȷ

廹û˵Ա߳·ۼ£԰ȥ㡣

鷳ˡ۵ͷӦ£˸ӿ϶һˣûܿʱĶ·ĻҲֹܷ˯ͷ

·᣺٣ʲô鷳ģڸڡ

ɫˣҲû˵˼ȥ£۾ͻؼˡ

Ժӵʱ򣬽ſڵĵϣ̫µķ֪Щʲô

ľš֨ѽ򿪵͵ػعתͷۣЦ˰

һһ䣬ľżע꣬˶ʻ

ˣۿղŵķӦ뵽űûЩãһҪջɡ

áȻܾ

ϴɾ˵ģûĵϣ۾ͼ˼ȥӾͳó

ѳõĲ˸Էȥݣ۾ͰʣµǰֻҰˣһųֻһԡ

һС뼦ӣһ뼦ż⣬㹻ԱĲ׷

۴ԽԼĵһٷȻرḻѾܲˡ

Աºк˽һͼ˿켦ӷ

ȻֻθͶǼͣζͦ

ֳ˿ڲ׷ֳһЩʵζҲá

Ҫȥвˣŷֽһֱûӣʣǲܳ

ǣҡҡͷ⼦⡭

ʯ䣬ͻȻʲôʧЦҽɽ׽Ұ죬ֻɱˡ

˵ľ˿鼦Ž԰ɣҼû֮ҪԼɲˡ

оʲô£ģЦЦá

ǵ⼦ΪɱģǷ۵ԽԽֻ࣬ʲôģֲСӣôɡ

˵ɵۣ˶һ
















6      




󲡳θڲһЩֻ˰׷ͷꡣ

һ綼ææǣĶˣѽֻһļ⼦ȫ겻˵׷

ʰʱ뵽Ҫȥ£ͣĶҪȥӦúܻĳﻹļûԵļѪʱųԡ

𾪵ؿۣͲԼ͵˶

ⲻ֪˰᲻ߵ⼸䷿֮⣬ĶиûУҲû̫

˶Ͻȵߣʣʲô𣿡

ĬȻһ˲ŵʲôʱߣ

ۣʱõîʱҾ͵ó

˵ͷʾ֪ˣŸһʰꡣ

Ե٣ͻʣһ룬䣬ʢڳҲỵ

֮ϴ룬ԱϴҪõˮ

˸ϴѾֻʣһʵĹ

֮⣬յ͵ƶûУ˵ַʽˡ

ҪȥԻ˯õѡ

ɹӵʱ򣬾Ĭ˰øסҲûֱƫ߹ȥ

ȥƫҪȴݣСͨݣ˶ûСŸͣĬΪԷȥݵš

ֱ̤ݵżɻ㻹Ҫȥ𣿡

û۸˵ȥƫ˯һͻȻ뵽֮ǰýסµʱ˵ǼһƫݣӵˣڽˣȻ˯ݲţɹʱ

̤żˣ˻ȥΣǽ룬æ˸ڣɫûȥƫݣȥ㶫

ȻǾ鷳ˡ

ƫһĵطũߣһ߳ŴҲûļҾˣ۰ѽ͵ſںͣ½Ųȥֱ߾Ǵ˨ź棬һ¾ҵ

á

ۼ˨ת뿪ˣ̤ݺԼ˸ޣøղŻǣҪǱĲͲˡ

ֻǵڴϺ󣬸ܵǹɻ֮ȥʪЩӣôûɹıӣ

һҹΣʱ컹ûϴߵߵ죬ų·𣬡ۣʱ䲻ˣϴǾͳ

áӦºƿ𴲣紺ͻ䣬Ǵϵģ·˲䣬ûסһ£Ͻҵµ·ϲźЩ

ʲô͵Ƶϣ綹ĵƹҲֻΧƽ׵ĵط

̾˿͵ƴȥϴ

ȴͨСţû߳ȥͿǻ⣬£첽ߵſڣƿڵţֻͷǰջ

죬̧ͷЦ£ˮպȣȥϴɣҰʣķһ£ߡ

۶ˮŽѲƵһȥȵıӰԼûִʱƽҪ͵ö࣬Ȼ˵Ļô£ЩԼͺˣ㲻ôġ

ѵ磬϶ûͣߴ۵Ͻȥϴɣ±ˡ

ۻ˵ʲôȻǶȥſϴ

ٻʱ򣬽ѾѷȺą̃ϡ

ۿһȦҲֻһ뷹ʣأ

Ц£˹ʣµˮȥϴ̫ˣһԶ

ʱЩҪǽȥʵҲûʲôθڡ

û˵ʲǫ̂߾Ļ⿪ʼԷ

ʣ̷Ӳֲڵķȼ͸Ҳӵ㡣뼦ԼģжټȻ֮

΢̵һ뷹ȥ۸о˶ůˡ

˸ߵſڶԽˡ

ȼŵĲźˣһغܷ̿һЩպÿµ·

۵ڳ¼ҵʱ򣬳·ڳ緹·£ôͺˣǻûԶɣһԵ㡣

󲱾ʱ򣬽Ѿպˮȷˡ

·ûסüŪһͦͻݵİ~

ǳ緹ѾڵǶʱ䣬ǳǳİ׹ӵƽǿܹ˿µ·

۸ڳ󣬼¡

ߵڵʱ½½бĴҲ·ϣʱ򣬶ụкȻ߱ġ

·ᶼڿˣǶû˾⣬ֻǵȿ߻˸ۺ󣬲˶¶˾ȵı顣

󲿷˶²ؼһҲͰˣϻؼ˵ϡ¸˵˵

Ҳôһµģ״ӴⲻôȻҲһȥ𣿡

ճһҸ֮ǰķӦۺɾܲµԭӦǴ

˼ʹڳҲֻܺƢЦЦҲԾ֪ˡ

˸ӲĶӣڨЦ£뵽ʲôתת˵ɽǱߵ˻ڻˣҪ˵Ŵһȥ֮ǰʱǮҪܵü칤׬ˡ

۸ûЩ䣬͸֪Ҫôˣֻ΢ЦŲ˵

˹뿴Ц˵˵ȥ۶ûʲôӦûȤˡ

û˵ʱ򣬳ŵղ˻䲻мûȷʵӦðѻҳȥɽˡ

һֱΪԭֻǿͷϵĻԼԷڻҲͻˣû뵽Ȼл顣

ɲһû˻ǣæӦȥҾͰѻҳ

ͷû˵

˵µʱѾӽʱϽµﱨ˳ͷ¨ȥɻ

Ѿʯҷ۷ߣҪڶġ

ֻǺõĵطռˣ۸¼Ҹֻڽѡ˸ʯͷĵط

ǸˣʹڵĵطȱһЩҲûκβ⣬ų·۾ͷɻ

·ҲǸܸɵģɴֻûߵ΢һЩ

Ҳ͵ˣˣʹҲûͣ£ֻڿܿγĬ

緹׼ģһȭͷҪױӣټһŨ࣬㹻һ˳Աˡ

ʣ°û꣬Ա˰ѳԲ½Ҳѧ

һֱæʱй³˵͵ôҹȥ칤Ǯ

ۿŻߵ̫Щ⣬ôչˣ

·Ͳ˰ɣ޷Ӷģ粻ҴҶԶ̫˻ȥȫ

壺ˣ칤ǮƻҪŻӡ

·ῴŶߵò˵Ĵ񣬳̯֣һȥˡ

ŪǶٹȥŶӣȻ档

ֵǮʱ򣬷Ǯʣµͭ壬Աߵ˵ֻʣʮˣﻹж٣

ʮĸһ˻ص

ûǸʶӵʮ

Ƕ̧ͷۣһģҲ˹ʵ














7    Ҫοһ  






λļӼ˵ѧ֮ǰڼ˾Ϳʼ̵ģԸղŲŻʶرǸ֡

ֻʳЩ׼ֻѧﵽûռ

¶̫ԭ֪Ķ˻ɣֻüװһãȻĿ塣

񣬹ȻվΧԺ飬Ӧǻġ

µĵͷǾǻд֣ǩǮɡ

ȷʵдë֣Ϊû򻯹ģͬ

ڳ·һº۾ǰڷǮ˵ݹֽϣÿдԼ֣߽ĶʮĹǮ

ԱߵĹһֱд꣬û˵ʲô

Ҳûʡ

ȳ·ᰴָӡҲ˹Ǯ˲һͬ뿪

ȥǮʱˣȥʱȻһ·

˴һյʱ䣬ǰûбˣŷԸ·᣺ǰ鶼˵˵ʲôǵ˱ƭ

ԲǰסִˣûȥʳһҸԭйص飬¶˵ֻա

ڳ˵Ȼٺò

·Ǹ̸ģϸģֹ˵һ·ȵ¼ſڵʱ۴в˽ԭʮĴ¾

ʧڣ֪ôϢԺ󲻻˻ɵ飬³·ļͬ˵Щˡ

ʲôģ·˳ֹס۵ĲӣٴζɽǹﳤúÿǺÿ˵Ϊ˴²ǸʺϹӵģ˸ãæ˰ѻ˸ԺҲûǣˡ

һ˵ġ۱֤Լ϶ô·ŷſ

·ħצ۸ϽŪͷмͬʱ̲סʧЦ

֮ǰΪʲô˵ʲôǵñƭˣǸڻĹӡܲŻʲôǵ£ǹǹҡ

ҡҡͷߣһ죬ҲûȥЪˡ

˼󣬸ʣͷк·ϴֵ²Ծӿٶȡ

Դ˶ں󣬲ǰѧǺ°࣬Ҳû˵ؼˡ

ÿο˼ܰĻ棬ܻʶ㿪

Ҿڸڣ·͵ˣԼԺӺҲûݣӾҡͰˮϴϴ

Ժ춯ͿӾͰˮæҸˮϴ֣ˮ

ҰͰˮȥˮһŹðˮ΢õס¹Ȼ˫Ӯѡ񣬽ŵĵطҲ˰~

յˮ࣬۸ɴϴͷϴ裬ϴʱоϵƣˮ˼֡

Щ˷ϡ

֪۸¼ҹϵܺãȴѡ۲ڼҵʱѶ͹Ļ²ʲôԭ

ֻûоܾҪȨֻ˷ۻ

߹ȥϵĶһСԼĪĽһƴСװͼȥǸ

ѹֳϻ˵ĺռˣǻҪЩ

ֻķӦ֪ҪȥŶµġ

Щ˳Ķۿ΢ȣȥɣȥһ˳ҡ

۹ȥʱ򣬳Ÿ˾СԺˣ۱кСӹ˰˰ɣ

ã⣬͹ȥĶˣô

˰ص˵ͷŵСżҴ˲ٵĶ󲡳Ҳˮպ÷һЩӡ

һ񣬡һҵĶ飬ġ

˵ЩʲôԺ̤̤ʵʵӣ浣ľͺáЦ£ûбܿһ

СȷʵǶˡ

۵˵ͷһġ

ֵҿǸͻݵģһժҰˣָȥɽ˲ǰȥͶʱ򣬿Ҳʰһ飬ȥúô

ۺӦ

֮ǰ͵͵ң۴ʲôʱһֱԱĬĬ˵СͻȻ

һ£Ϊʲôˮá

ֱϴĳ·һۻȥʱ򣬽Ѿ÷ˣڶ

۽ţЦµԷɣҪҪȥء

ͷ￴ۣԱ߷ţͽȥ˳

źͷȥ÷ʱ򣬿ѾŽͶȥʢ

ʮֵĬ

ϰŵһҰһҰ˳⡣

۵ߣ͵ǳǿ飬˵ȥҾ˼ƬҰһ𳴣óһЩ

ô㰲žͺãø˵ȻˣҪԵģֲ˷ˣûҪС¶Ҫ͡

ֻǡ 

ָҰļ⣬ϸûԶ

һ£Ӧ˼Цµҳ˼ѪЩԡ

΢ůĶ˾ǣûҪʡſţĶԺġ

ܰӺúùʱסȻڿС顣

֪ˡſӻͷ

극ɷͷʰˮϴԻݵʱ򣬽סۣʱ򣬰ѱһ𱧳ɣ̫ʱҾóȥɹš

֮ǰݵĴģȻ֪ıжೱʪóȥϴϴɹ˵ģֻ۲ڼңΪ˱ӣûݡ

˼Խĺøֶ˼֣ϲзִ磬ر˴˽˴򽻵

ڲŴԽǼȷʵûʲôУûҪѱ춼ӴŪҲȷʵ㣬ɴ½ȥûʲôҪĶֱӽȥѱӱͺˡ

áӦ

ڶʱ򣬽ǸպˮļҰ˷̷

¼ҸȥûͣЪһæµֻչǮʱ˵СǮĻƾȻһͭ塣

۷ֺͻȥˣ̲סҡͷҸľȺʲôˣλڵļӼѸˣȻʮͭ嶼

ؼҺͬպˮڵţǽ÷˳Ϣɹıﻹи׬ʮǮֹ۵ؾãõķչ

ֻǽϽ鲻̫ãԺ룬ҪһϾҪһС

ⲻ֪ڸڴϵĽ뵽ɹʱͷµֽϵݣþδߡ

 

















8  ڰ  ѻ˸˼  




Ϊɳԭ򣬽һ˻չɫࡣ

ӻ󣬳´ķӦ׾Ͳµۡ

ۿûʲôͼҲȷʵ޴ȥסºͬˡ

м¼ʹ˵Լȴġ

ΪһѾʮ꣬˼ʹûгףҲ϶лԼ

ԶˣֲԼһ˽ˡ

£ȹһͬûг׵ʵһܺõĹǾദ۱ûҪ̫ࡣ

Ҳ˵ھӳһദͬˣǶİĸ۶ûӹ

ܶ붼飬ƺȻġ

극ۻϴ룬ڼи£û˵ĸӻ¡

Ѽһԣ۷ֺǲϸûԷ

һαôģûȥʱ

һӣĸ᲻Ķ

ֻǽôҲû뵽۾ȻлԼģʱֽϵݺڴãʲôĶûüϴֻܸһɹһ졣

뵽ЩڱЦһ£̲סĸ˵ôܻᷢϡ

ҲԹ˵Ըɵҹ˯ţͿʼ˼֮Ҫô졣

ۼȻлԼȻͲ䣬Ļ϶ס̫ʱ䡣

סþˣǶǶۣǺ¡

뵽Ҫ뿪ԼԽ͵գ޴ȥԭ

µ½ǣ壬ΨһֵǮĶȥ˵Ļжӡ

ǮȻ࣬Ҳ㹻һʱиڷ絲ĵطȥı·

һҪôһİĵطֻһһˡ

еӣ˽ĵ룬ǵ⼸칤ɡ

˼һϣϺѾǺҹˡֻԺ˯һڳҵĹͿʼิ

ǰֻ󣬾ˮȷȴԥˣҲֻһ˲ѣܿ

ƲȥЩеûò̸ڳס۵ģ֮ǰֶо֮Ӧñ

ʱ򣬸ǰһѾˮ

˯ǰҪοһ½Ϊʲô鲻ã۾˸СҲű£ͼһ֪Ĵ硣

ڻ¿ɫ̲סüһû˯

˯ˣص弸ɲĶ¡

ɫܲã𣬽Ͳ̫ãַЩǲʲôѣ

ûУʹ˫ۣĹĲ𣬲ȥ۵۾һһõΡ

ӣۺܻɵجλǼجΣȻԸ˵ҲöʣϾȻסһ𣬵û쵽Ƿϡ

֮ǰľȥϴʱڽļµجζǼٵģǰ鶼ȥˡ

֪ͷ

ۻҪȥϴ˶뿪ˡ

ͬ廹г·һߵġ

˴Ӻ󣬲·һͬȥĴƺǰҪһЩЩ֣ôô٣𣿡

ǣ·ᷭ˸ۣ㲻֪Ǳ߽춥ֻаЩ²ģ췢Ǯʱ򣬹¾͸˵˽첻ˡ

ҡҡͷȷʵ֪Щ顣

ɻǸһں棬ȥǮʱ򣬴ˣصסƫû˽ӴȻ֪ЩϢ

ȻֻнĹˣЩʧʣ˵𣿡

׬ٰʮĵģڵֵֻʮģʹϽ칤ģҲ֪򼸽ס

·᣺˵ңڻûֵļڣҶпУǱ߸Ǯָɴ࣬˼ȥˣȻǰˡ

۵˵ͷͰɣϺôмʮǮȸմԽʱѾҪöˡ

Ȼֻ˰칤ʱµıôͣȥԷ칤Ǯ

ûˣ˶˱ӴؼңҲ

ֵֻǮʱ򣬷Ǯ˿һۺʣۣ

۵ͷ

ָָԶеȥǱ̸

ΪҪ޽ԺƶѾƽһۿȥʲôܿȻЩɻǸΪʲôǸк˹ȥ

ߵŴҴ̵ǰ۲ŷǵһǷˡ

һ˸£˵£

ⳣְ鲦Ūȷλã̧ͷۣдǰɣһҳҿ

ĳ뷨ǿңŰϵıīԼһдָһſհ׵ֽͷӦá

ʵжʱûдëˣҪдֻǷġ

տʼǼдòôۡ

Ͼʮֺ۱ҵ˸одٶȿˣǹмݣǺÿ

ⳣһֱ۵Ķ˰ֽ󣬲̧̧ʾͣ£дú֪ܲСԸԸĻ

飿ɻղԲĲеడȻʵԽС˵͵ǲһģǡ

ǣⳣֵͷҷϿ˸мò͵ĳٶȸϣ벻ǮĻղŵٶȣ϶Ҫ׬ĶһЩ

۲⣺Ϊʲôң

ⳣʧЦǸֱӵˣϲƣȻˣǸҲ޷

Ժ飬ǿ϶֪Ҫ˳飬ֻЩôĻһܳ˾ô࣬ǣж˶Ϊ³׼ҪҸԸⳭ˲ס

һҪԭû˵ǾǶ˶ԼİǱƵһľأû˻Ը

֮ѡۣҲΪĹ۲죬˲ֱҲûд󲿷ֶ˵ظ

ȱľ׬Ǯ;Ȼ֮á

ûֳһŵͷӦˡ

ⳣףã㿴ʱȥϵĳ˵˽ȥģǾͻ㰲źһС

ã˸ָָڲԶĳҾˡ

ⳣֵ˵ͷ

¼Ҹӵȵô˶߹ˣŰ۵Ȼ

·û߽æȥʵµʲô£ûΪɣ

ûУҡҡͷҷϿ˸ҳˣһд֣ԸԸⳭ顣

Ǻ°·ЦʣӦ˰ɣ

۵ͷӦˡ

ȴü˻ʣ㳭ʲô飿

ʵص

⡭·죬ʹʶ֣Ҳ˵ϲ̨ġ

۴֮ǰµĻѾµҲˣΪҪΪμӿƿ׼Ҫԭڴӳ·ķӦĲ²ǶԵġ

Щ

ĳ·ļǹµ˵ܶ׬Щ

Ĭã̾˿ͺá

ȻӦ⹤ۻص󣬾ͰѼóӦӦ֣ʱٶҲܿһЩ

֪ǷΪԭ򣬷ŷ˳˵Ƿݻ飬ҲûͰ鶪£﷭

¹ͲݶˣͷҵǷݷƵĻ顣

ԼΪԼ˵Ľǣһ۾ֵֽģæŻţҳ£Ҫ˸˼ңϾ˵ɽǸı߿֪

һĹ£æݳȥʱûŵĽײš

Щˤæַס

ҴҵģһվȺŵֽԾ߬ȭͷǼȥ

Ļ飬ڵҪȥ³ܲ˰ѻ˸˼ҡ

Щ޷ȥ˵ĻҪǰǸ鷳¡

 
















9  ھ  ֺαǿ  





彩ֱվòһٵգգʣ˸˼ң

ۿ⸱ŵģҲЩεգͷšһ

ΪʲôҪˣʡ

󲱾Լ߰ʱĸµģʱҶúʣʮȥòˣȻѡ

ɫӣ㡭

ҡæϣӵԭˮһμ䣬֪ǹ˻ԭжôҲںڹ۵ԼͷƬ̶С

û㣬С죬ĵûŵ˻ֻۣ۸еƽѣƾʲô˻Ҫͬ⡣

ȻǰһΪ۸лԼ˯ţ֪ǹȻҪԼ֮ӦֵϲȻȴǷŭôô

Ȼ䣬۱˵Ҳպò⣬뵽ԭںģ㻻˸ίһ˵ֺαǿ󣿡

˫Ŀ΢ô˱㻹á

㲻Ϊǹϵô۾˵ϹȻʧЦﶼסˣӦ֪ûгһҵĽӼãҹͶˡ

ǿ϶ԭġ͵͵̧Ƥۣ⼸ĽӴΪʲô޷ѣ۵Ը񣬲ܰѼŪ

ҡҡͷЦûȻǸײġ

ûС

ðɣûоûУûЩûʲô£ﻹŷɽأȹȥҳˡ

ӷɿתµһ߰ɣҸպҪȥҳ´е¡

üղŲҪȥ𣿡

Ŷղȥ˵һҪȥһ˳´ҡɫûκλš

ǾһȥЦ£ûвĻ벻ǸȥԶѣʲô˵¡

ϾＫȱֵĶеҲ

ΪҪȥҳ´ϲ̵ظȥ

˵ڳ¼ҵʱ򣬳СԺ߻·ũߣ´Աɹ̫һһûһš

۸һͬ£æк

˵תͷԸС꣬ȥӵˮȥ

Ȼ⼸۸ҵҵһҪǼһˣǸһժ˵ģûٽӴһͬһأܸ΢֣صԴһʲôҪأ

ó⿴ǲԲôֻ࣬סС鷳ˣʵ¡

ʡߣװЩʲСҲŵһߡ

ղҵݻ飬Сĵ£Ļݸܲи˰˸Ǳߡ

һ£ʧЦ˻ȥѲ㻹Լȥ˰

ԷԼˣͷҾǲԼȥ

˵ʲô´ϣͱˡ

˵ۣݻԼʱҼǵý˵ýڼȻҪӦҲȥ˵ǡ

ȥýţʡ

ҹȥ´ѻӣȥýţ˳ȥɽǱߣŰ鶼ˣʱΪ˻飬Ǳȴ͵͵ţʲô㡣

ûֿܣæǾ鷳ˡ

ҳˣҸҲЩҲӦģͷİɣҵȻȥýţ¸ˡ

۵˵ͷû˵лһҶĺǵã㲻˵Ҳǡ

ŽͰѻ˻ȥҲû飬ʰһ߻Сýȥ͵û˻Ҿȥýˡ

ûˡ뿪վʱ⿴˼ڽ뵽֮ǰ˵ҳ´£ͻȻС˼أ

Լ˼УͻȻᵽһʱûӦãȻصʲô

̲ס²ۣԹҲԵ̫רҵ˰ɡѯʣ㲻ҳ´

ᵽ˼Ϊᵽ˲Ÿӵľȣʲôҳ´̽˻£

ЩС˼ô˵

ֵĽʱ´ͻȻСȥҸĶɡ

Щȣԭ£

ڿͬãȻʱǳ´ڽΧ

СܿѶ˳ǵһ޲´ӹ͵ݸʱҲûʲôЩȥѰɡ

һӾͺۿҲЩʣҡ

´޲ŵ£Ѱɣ

ᡣӵͷӦ

ԱҲ֪˵ʲôȷʵ˽ûлϴˣҼﶫһ鲼ѡ

ԼмԻϴģǸȥĸٴҲʣۻ֪ġ

ֱӳ¼ҳŲϣ۾Ǻġ

Ҳйô˹ĵʱ򣬶ýʱĸܣصԼԺӺЦ˵ϽȥѰɡ

ͷ뵽ʲôҡҡͷָʸһյصһЩӣǿطһˡ

ԱǿԼĪиƽ״ǰӦ԰ӵģֻǲ֪˶೤ʱ䣬ѾӲݡ

ҪȷʵǸܺõ뷨Ϊý㽽ˮʩʣֳÿ죬һ㶼ǰµʮҾͿԳԣܺܺõػ޲˿ɳԵ״

ۿŽ֮رǿ鲼ģȥأȥѡ

áһͬ۵飬Ͼ·ˣϾиɾ·ջ󣬶˵ȷʵͦġ

֮Ա߷أ·ѣ˸æµֻżͣ³ͷȥˮʱ˵һ仰

ǿʵǻĵ̫ˣﳤĲֶӣһֱæȫ

վڵϸ飬ûһӲݵԱߣ̲ס󲻾֮һƬģ

ӽʱ򣬾ͿųͷЦһ㣬Щ֣طˣ

ۡšһ˵Щӣط˺ˡ

ҼȥĲ˶ӣҪҪЩϣʡ

û뵽۽ȻôͿʼֲˣȻи˾Ͳһô

ȥӦ£ó·ҲδȢš

һбĲӣǸˣȻӼҶУҾͲȥˡ

õȥ򰡣ҼûеĻܻеġûסһ䣬£Ĳݸۣ㣬ɽͷģʱҸȥһǮһ¡

һֵ˻ȥĻ飬Ҳǿ˵ġ

ˡ۵

ҪȥˣӰ˰ָ֣ۣ˵Χǵڹ˻ˮ

۵ͷӦ¡

˼ʲôֻعͷˣ·˵ҪȥϣҪҪһȥ

ȥӦҪȥ쳭ĻһȥĻҲ·ء

·ѣȻǵĶԻضãۻ󣬻ûסʣҪȥɽ

ԣ۵Ҫһȥô

㡭ɲԽҶʮǮߣЩѵؿڣ´Щ޲ʡһЩߣͿЩȥ˻ЩǮ

Ϊס۵ģҪǮȷʵôˣʱ䣬æһᾡʮ֮ڻġ 











10  ʮ  顭 






ߣɻʣĵѲɽ廨

ǣЩȥŴͷ

ȻĻ廨ˣ˵ʵڵģԽ죬Ȼ֪ǲͬӵĴڣϻǺŮܹʶȫֿ

ڸǲԾͻԱ鵽һ

ҵġ뵽£˰

ظоһӱõ䣬ֲðοֻѡתע

ӳӸղŸĲʮͭ壬ݸ㣬ʮ

⼸ദԿ϶ۼûǮʮĶ˵ڳңࡣ

ۣһղ׬ĹǮôɴ㶣һʱȥӡ

ЦҡҡͷͭŵǶѲϣ˵ҪǮôôֲա

ҡۿЩȣ̧ͷؿۣһܿ컹ġ

ã㣬۵˵ͷҪһȥϰɣ

һȥ

õ϶Ļش۾ͽȥˡ

ͷſڣۿЩʪ󣬴ȴԾ

񱻸׾ںԺЩʱգǲ䷳ؽ黭Ů죬˵뿪ǸңЩ档

ڿȻǶԵġ

оǣãڿֱ׳طĸ˵Ǿ仰ˣôͲܷˣԴ뿪ǸҺ⼸¶Ǻ¡

ڶȥϵʱ򣬳¼Ҹӿ󻹸˸Щ⣬Ҳû˵ʲôһ򻰶ĳ·ᣬҲֻǳͷк󣬾Ծ˾롣

⼸춼·һѾ͸ӡ

һ仰Ҳ˵ֻͷ·;֡

ôº󣬱̲סʧЦ߼·ԱߣЦ⸱𣿡

Ϊ˭һ·ᷭ˸ۣӲ˲˳һţǸ

ЩôˣҲô

ǣŮҶûôӴ·ЩصοǸ

ۼȻŽоֹûʲô׵ĵط΢Ħһ¾ˣӦþ͸ഺСͬŮΪ࣬û⣬Ҳûе˼

ֻǻôģǱȽˣû뵽·ỰôһҲ

ҾڸڣܻнӴʱѲɻһֱ˵

۾Լ·뷨ȻҪ㻻ʽ룬Ҫ˵ģǸҲ㣬ͰӵɩһԴͺˡ

˵ʱ򲻾ãȻ˵֮ۺ޲ⶼǴʲôȷȻҪãæֵո仰㵱û

·ʲôһĶۿƬ̣ŵҾ˵ķǳе

ۣ

ʳ·ղſһʲô˼Ǻ¾ǡֻ޸ղӶ·ˣΪʲôҪô˵

ôʲôں溰ȥ鲻࣬ôż

Ļ۲ŷָղ·ֹѾߵǰܶˡ

ͣԭصš

Ƭ̺۸·Ծٶȡ

·Ҳ֪ǲɫҲû˸ղŵĲȻֶȻҪȥɣҸҪȥһ̣㷽ͬȵɽͷֿߡ

áûһҲô󣬵֪֮ĸ򣬺׾ͿҵֲСӣҪȥʵȥũ𣿡

Ѿ˵ģ·˵ЦһԺһңⲻҪôûպÿϡ

۴ıﲻѿũ˵ӦðĴЦӦ͵Ǹá

ʣСǰˮﶼϣǸһֻһ飿

ϡ֮ǰ·˵Щأ˵ˮλöû󣬼ҲһĶ

ôطֵӣ۲æ͵ĵʱջ񲻹ԡ

УǻǸһҰá

۲ոʲôĶᣬ治æ˵ǽһ⣬л塣

лʲô岻صû飬ŪӰһճɡ

·ָһӦʲôãҲһһشˡ

Ա߾ţûвԡ

һֱſڣ¼ҸӸָȥ·󣬾뿪ˣֻʣˡ

ûԭļ䣬˵İĵط

ûͬİ

ֻǸӣߵﶼ᷽ܶࡣ

·Ϲ۲һȦûŮӣʽǸһȥһȥߣǷֿߣ

˫һһȥ

߰ɡкΪ˶࣬ǶԾر֮ǰЩ

֮ǰ·ָ·ƹһֺ󣬺ܿͿ˳Ҷ

ǽȥʱѾв߽ˣһȥװ磬еļôģͯ߼ҶģӦǱҲǲġ

۸ϵȻɾ࣬ʲôĻǸЩ롣

ƿ̤żҲûʲôЦӭʣʶλҪʲô

ģ˵иĻ۵

ǶңЦݸ˼֣һߵĽ롣

ȵ̨ߵʱͳݸ۵ֻҪģһ

۶ŷ£űǱһǧңӦֳͷдĶǸϿϸСĹ¡

̲סʧЦȻ⡢Ĺ£ʷϲڵ磬ͬĻӭ

ǽǡһεԣֻܲúô

Щ޹أȽǳһ׬Ǯ֪۸ʲô𣿡

ǱʮģİʮģƵī֮ҪõĶṩ

ʣһҪﳴǿûؼȥ

󲿷ֳ泭ģƵǶ˵ˣԶÿز㣬ûȥֻһֻհױѹʮǮ

ûȥƱҪһ飬һĻʮˣֻ۸ˣ֮£ѹʮǮʲô

۸Ҳ֮Ե»Ƽ黹⣬Ĵȴȫ۵ϣɻǾͲ˶ߺ󣬾Ͳ𣿡

˵ǳ֮ˣΡʧЦѶǰҪԼ

û˵ڵǣϸ壬ûǶҵĶܲˡ

Ŷ֣ͻȻ֮ǰʱڶչʱ򣬷Ǯ˶һĵ¡

̲סʧЦ

ƼûʲôҪʵˣѡǱҺд顣

ͱǱɡ۵ȻҪ׬ʮģӦʱҲʵȱǮýǮ׬Ҫġ

֮˫飬ָѺ󣬻ưѰõīݸۣǳţߡ

 










11  ʮһ  ûǮˡ  




Ƿɣ⼸˽⣬Լ·ĿգѾ֪ʲô˼Ȼʲô˵Ȼ͵ĬĹϵһ

νɽһжҪӵһ췽֪ۺķӦܿ

˵ɿƳ˽һۣƺЩ֣ûļ󣬲͵͵˿

֪ǲˣĶе졣

ЩǳٱȥԽ˵ȥˡ

֮ԾĸɣΪһӸһһ𣬻ʱľ룬Լżײʱģжϵݡ

۾Ȼ˵ǣơ

ʮƣ˶ˣӦҲǿ˵ǣĿڵǶλߡ

뵽ղǻƵһ˼󣬾װŽ˶಻ߵӣһٸһߡ

ͷˣ΢΢һ

ϲ־롣

ԴҪѻһ֮ǰŬȴС˼ѾһѿԽԽơ

óڶû뷨֪۲͹ˣÿ󲿷ʱһ𣬽ţദþˣˮɵһ졣

ǰǣ۲Զ

˼Ƭ̺󣬱⡣

һ˽϶ĵط׼һͷ·ĸ˿Ҫʱƫͷȥ۽

һûϸ·һΪ֮ȻһǱײһ

ƲĹ˵۵һιϵĹһ·ϳ˲ʱԼҪòľ⣬ĿһֱܵľûôԱײһȥ˵ġ

쿴ȥʱ򣬽ѾײһĸֿǸ

۵˵껰Ͱѽõ·ٵĵطô··

׼ȻᱻסҸղ뿴ߵĵط

Ҫ߰ղűײһµǸûԶָָǰȥתǾиׯ

ллղײˣȻֻһ£ҲΪ֮;ǸΣ˸Լָ·͸˼ˣѵǸĻ˵һΣղŲ˼

û¡ǸЦ£ת뿪ˡ

֮ǰߵʱ򣬽㱻࣬һǰһ

·ֻôֲмȥ֮ľôҲֻôԶ

⡣

֪ׯľλú˺ܿߵˡ

۶ϵĶȫ˽⣬Ծ͸ղŽȥԺʱһֻ˵

ƹ֪Ҫߺ󣬾Ͱ˴̨ߣ˳һװŸɫ˿ߵĵ̣ʽ͹ٿҪļɫ

ָһ˿ͷֲ鿴˿ߵĴϸָ˼ɫʣ⼸ÿһǮ

ɫģɫġƹȫһֵһһĻһʮġ

û˵Ҫʵ廨أ

´ʱһ𻹸Щߺһ룬ǸĴֻʺѱӣ廨

廨ġƹ

߸ҪʮģϾʹĶʮģȻ֪ӵһ᲻͡

һõûȽٵɫʣֻ𣿡

ƹЦҡͷǸһ

֪ˡͷĿڼ˿ѲƬ̣˼ֿʡȥ

ۼüΪѵģЩ̣ǼǮѣٽ㼸ġ

˿ߣ̧ͷۿ˰ãлл

Ȼתͷƹ⼸߸һһ廨룬һĴıӡ

ƹĳһº󣬵ͷУ»򡣡

Ӧʣ֪ƹǷõĺɰ

ƹöĶһ£ƥ֮⣬ȷʵ£ɰЩҲһЩ

´˽һۣĿڽ϶Ƭ̣ŵǻգӶƷĻ幤Ҫһֱܸߡ

ǵ˾ùƹĿ׼˵ÿЦݸﶼǾԵš

ƹļģҲЦ£ɴӦɡ

ƹİѽҪõĶú󣬽ϵǶʮĸ˳ҲǮóǮ

ƹĿǮ˵ѿʵ͹ҪҪǮ

˵־ԼֱǶʣԱ߾иĸһõǮôҪ

ת뵽ղ˵ٽǸǮǮƶϷţŤŤú֩ƵģԿ϶ԱǸֱʡ

Ǯóȥ

áҲû;ܾˣȴƹΪģԸǮʲôģûǮҪƯǮʲô

õҲӹӷģȻãֲþС

֮ȥӡ

ȻЩӦûܳ죬֪ҪˣڼﱸܱȵʱûóҪá

ʹۣ֪ǮһǮһ͸Ҫ

һʮף˳ˣټϼʣµЩ΢һЩ

Щ׳ʱӦҲѾ˰ɡ

ۻЩεģ֪ҪʮһʣµӦûܳԸʮµʱ򣬾ˡ

ӳϾֻʣʮһǮˡ

ƮƮǮ̾˿ûǮĲװ

ȥǻϵʱԶԶؿ·ǰ⣬ܾ͸ˡ

Ϊˡ

̾˿Ǯ˹ȥⰡ

ţܾûˣҴȥ

˵Ǯӹһ廨⡣뵽ӦҲǮʣأҲҪ𣿡

۵ͷⶼô

ɿشʮһ廨ʮˣʮŹʮġ

۸һ£ܿ췴ӦȱʳʱȷʵһЩ

˵ŹǣҪʮһ

ɨ̯ӣĿͣڽθɾĹͷϣʣЩأ

ʮһͷġ

Ҫһͷɡ۵

οԲѪͷӪҲ⣬𣬱ϾϻʮһǮֻֻǮԸûǮ߻ûȫС

Իǵ»س׬Ǯɡ

Щʱ򣬽û˵ûʲô

ֻǵȻصһ¶͵ȥһ¡

ǽŵ磬Ҳû飬һû緹ʱ䡣

ͬŶ༷ʱ䳭飬ŵҲȥѱīʲô¡

ǽסƫȥݡ

ĳһհײ֮⣬һ֧ʣһ̨һī

հѶںãˮĥīݵţ˸Դʣѯһ£ĻӸЩϲʲôݵģ

 















12  ʮ  һ  




ϲʲôݵģ

뵽ĳֿܣһ

ֱܿ񶨣ôܻһũģõҸֶ

˵ˣڵľЩӦȥǮǡ

ֻǲ֪ǳԼûʶ뷨ڽͰ͵ŵĿ۰ϲȫ˵˳ҵĻӦûѡһ

ƫǰûκ˵Ҫһ̫ˣһˣϲһʲôģܾеֵֹġ

ϲһʢʱֵĸо

ļǰһߴСʱÿһʱŬѼĻ꣬Ȼ̸һ֡

Ȼ֪һﲢûѼһǷݸоȴûǹ

ֻϧ뿪ȥϴѧ֮ǰǿ֪ΪʲôˣҲʱͲˡ

һ˼صͷžҪ뿪

ۻعæסֻҵϲãĻҾû÷ĵȽܻӭ

áЦŵͷһмģ˳ȥ

̲סҡͷЦЦٻͷҪĻʱͻȻҲǷǵüææÿһӶ档

վ̫Ӱڵλãȥ

ĴҪӪŻҲǰš

æ嶫Щɡ

֮ǰ̵ʱ۾ѾæѹͷС飬˵ˮѹͷϴ󣬾Ͷڹˮ

ֻϧûнȻһȥȣúȡ

´ȥϵʱҪʿС

˵ʱҪǷŵ㽪Ͻȥܶࡣ

һˮտˣ۰ѸĭƲ˺󣬾ͰĴ󲿷ֵĲ˳ֻСŹ

ҲһֱˣֻһۣûϨ˾С

Ȼ۴ӳҲ˳Ƭˮš

ֻǲһͷˡ

ʵ̫ˣиζþģķ״ȫ˳ǵȻˮһݣηĩˡ

ŵԺһȦҲûҵĥʯȥ˸ڳҡ

忴Űѵһûʲô˱䣬Ҳƽʲô

۶ȻһͻȻôƲŰѲ˵ȥ˼ңȷʵеˣæͣҼҵĵˣûĥʯ

У弸ɼ˿ĥ𣿡

ЩΣᡣ

ùɣҸĥ

ӹȥĥ۾ȥߴˮ˹ȥ

ܿĥġ롯Ժ

۶￴ĥСӣ˵ЩλҪҪ̼ûȥһ𳴡

ҪҲûӦûϾ֮ĸȥȣĻȫõζûסˡ

ʱ򣬳ҲѾѵĥá

۵лŰĵȥˡ

ҰѸк÷ˮźʱʰһ¡

תһȦ֣еĶڸ÷ŵλãʰ޵룬Ļҳøɸɾġ

Ҳʲôģ߿Żͬʱſ˼߰鶼һ顣

Ǳϵ¡

ˣҲֻ˸˳ȻĽ

ȥϣúʢϴ˹Ρ

ﵹ͵ʱ򣬽𼱻ǵܽѾڳˣ£ҡûע⵽ʱ䡣

һµģ

ʧЦȵòˣͰкõûע⵽ûע⵽ҲѾô

ҡ졣

ֻ˭ʱ˭ֲһ˶ۡ

ǰʱϴϴЩǽڼҳ飬ͬҪ嶫Ȼ˭пվ˭

վ㿴û˾ȥϾܳãȻҵΡ

϶óԡֻԼü

Ȼ࣬ҲпһˣʡŵԵĻһЩϡ

ֻǽߣþöûӡ

۾ͼǰҳ£ͦóԵģԿϲϲ

һֵ»ȥϵʱҾЩԡ

һۼйΣְһڷϸϸľ׽ȥܺóԡ

˵ۣɫصҳʲô˶ԵģҰҲС

ǿɲУ۵ҵĿҪʵֳɡ

Ȼ̫⼸ֵ˼ϵǰĻ۵ı飬²ӦͿ򣬱ͷӦá

ץһʱ䣬Ͻҳ

Ȼǰǲٵ

극ȥʰ꣬Ҳûϴֻȥ顣

ںûհײᣬʣĥīīĥú󣬱ʺҲˮ֡

ī

ֻǵһȴдڿհײϣ֮ǰЩֽϰʮ֣ҵо֮󣬲ʽд

հײõֽ΢ɫرãīˮܺãдõֺܿ͸͸ˣһҳд꣬ҪôͿԼдһҳܽʡʱ䡣

ΨһӰ쳭дٶȵģ۶ԷֻϤÿÿд֣Ҫȥ漸ôдġ

ϸֲļҳˣûһ֡

ԼĪһʱվЩӲĲӸ³дҳÿҳ

һʱӦóһǧİ֡

ۻͦģǲȶ೭ʱٶӦû졣

û¼дǴȥԺתתǸıǮҽѧˮƽޣ֪ʲôëɵòʧ

ھƫǰʱ򣬿Žţ뵽Ҳôˣǰȥš

û洫

ƿţͼѸٵسߣȻ̧ͷʣʲôô

߰ɣһֱ廨뿴۾á

ȻЦŵͷá

Ժת˼Ȧ֮󣬾͸Իطɻ

֮۶˳дҳÿҳͳȥתһȦϢһ£ҲϽ

һֱ߽ʱͣ˱ʡ

ǿˣǴԽ֮ǰڵһ¾ǰ۾ŪˣȻߣܶʱǲ㡣

ӵһ˫۾ȻúúñС

֮ͬǰ;ϢһԼͣ²ˣ͵ڽнҲͣ¡

νû֮ǰôűӲţɫ磬뻹ҪСʱŻȫ

ۣ

㻹嵽ȫˣεҪҪ˫۾ˣ㲻¼˼վſڶ𣿡

ǲ֪в幤ˣʱ䳤۾˵ģЩУԥɡҲûҪ

뵽ʲôһҴȥժҰ˻ͲóȥҲˡ

ԹȻıӣҸһȥ




















13  ʮ    




۱ʵŰУȥ鿴һ麵أ˳Ұ˻

൱棬ҪȥժҰ˾Ķ˵ȥ˸СӴϡ

۾гŲϲһԼãûҪժ˶ҰˣһһͿûˡ

Сͷ֮ǰ͵ļʣȥЩ˻˳ԡ

Ѿźˣۻ˵ʲô

ǳŵʱǡøϴ˴ӵɻ߳ԺûԶӭײӵĸˡ

Ǻ󣬸ǻཻһСֹ˼䣬Ȼ΢ֵǸӵһۣ۸߽˼Сӣǰ챳Ǹɣʲôְ

н۶⼸һӡҲûУȻͬһģԺ᳤ֻõסȥΪάָ˺гĹϵҲܵˡ

ֵͦģĿڽشһҲ

֮⣬ԶЩҲ뿴

ǰӴˣҪôҪôĸֱ׵رʾ

װ״㣬ȴûʲôһʱЩ޴룬ֲܶ㡣

ע⵽ĲڣźۼǰһǸ˵Ǵӵ

ǰǵĿȻƵϣ춼ˣǻҪȥ

ûˣȥڵҪԵҰ˻۵

վ˵Ǹתתûнӻеһȴɫ΢䣬ĨЦݵһҪȥιͲˡ

һ˿˴ͷҲŵһ߰ɣҼҲ¡

һߣһֱ˵ɨ۲ĲˣһҲȥժҰ˰ɣҾͲˡ

˵Ҳȥ

˶Զˣתͷղš

ǹġæϣֻǼ˵עԼ˭֪ǻΪǲ˵ء

ͷۿĵط͵͵Ц£ǸϽȥ˰ɡ

˵겻ۻش𣬾ˣŲ죬൱

ߵ·ʱųͷӵĳ¼Ҹӡ

·кûһʣղǼΧſڣûΪɣ

ûУ۵Ǿ½֡

·ῴ۽ŵӣһ£ҪȥҰ˰ɣҸһȥ

˵곯кʾȻȥ

ۣһȥ麵ء

Ǹˣȥڣ·ǵҰ˳ÿɺˡ

ۣ

֮ǰ·ֻģ۲ûг·ţǺܿҵ˾λá

ʵó·˵ԶԶ۾Ͳµġ

ΪһƬɽϣسӲ⣬ĲûǴøɸɾġ

ۼҵزСĹƵһĶңһСһͲˣֻһȥӲݶͲһˡ

һյӦǼƻֶģֻǱ˵Ŀյأȥ궬ͶѾˣʱһ΢¾ܰȥ

Ψģǰһ顣

ǵ˵ͷ󣬳·ỹûƭɣҰࡣ

ۣϽڰɡ

ڵͺã·ǹҪǣղΧǵǼӣǰǸеֵӣ֮ǰǸԻϱߵǹӣұߵǴӣ˵̱ڱ˵ģǴദԺҪĻܱܿ;ܿ

Ҽˡ۵ͷ֪·ΪǺá

סڴⲻ˵ĻҴ򽻵ǰ֪ҵӣҲܷǸ塣

棬ԱһҰ˵Ľȴɻ̧ͷ㡭ʶˣ

㻹֪·ڱǰһ죬ˮܶ鶼ǵˡ

۾ã·ĻжЩˣҰ˶ͣ𣿡

ҿǺЩҪǲСĸ˳ͻʱеǷ·ƲƲ

ллŶ˵Ŵӵﾾ˸ˣ

һ˾Ҹˡ·

ûɿؿ۽ɫѾƸղɻ󣬲ŵͷˡ

Ұݶ࣬ҰҲȷʵ࣬ͷһ֮ӾѾˡ

԰ѹһ£˵Եˣǻȥɡ

ٵһ¡֪ʲôʱﵽȥ˵ĳ·

ʣ㲻˵һ͹𣿡

·᣺٣ⲻͻȻ뵽ôۣԶڵӳô

нӳԺ˲ĸо

ðɣ۸˵Ӳ˵Ѿ˲ˡ

˶һۣʲôҲû˵ͷ·һˡ

·һ飬˻صҵʱѾˡ

Ժĳ˵ԺŴ򿪵Ǳ˸ԴСǻˣ

ţһġ۵

ӻװɣһ£ϱ˵㶫㲻ڼңȷˡ

£ϱǲղųʱǸô

뿪һ£ֻܿǵݫ۽˷ŵϺֽӶصʮ

Ȳ˵ȥһܻһǮݫҲһ죬˵Ϊ̫˵ԵʣӾûʲôúõģҪ˭еĻȥüǮ

ЩҲǣҲǵĸо

һֹģʣôˣ

ǸղųŵʱˣŲ˵ҪȥҰˡЩεذѸղŵ˵ˡ

˼̲סʧЦû£˲ŰЩƾǲô֪ˣԺлٻȥǡ

˵꣬·Ժӵ֮ǰſģ⣬й

£εЦЦ

ʹ˵Ҳ֪Ƶ죬˾Ͷ֪ʴҪ˳Եˡ

֮ļ죬۸ڼûôţ˳ĳ飬廨廨ҲÿС

мһź󣬳´żͻС꣬ӹҽһ߻

ССҲǸңÿʱ򣬽ͻ廨ĵط¡

۳꼸ҳȥʱ򣬾ͻῴһ

СߴߴĻ٣´Ҳ᲻ʱظ˵ϼ䣬ԺﵹֻǶʱࡣ

ʱ۾ѾȫˣΪһֻһʱ䣬Ҳֻ˰磬㻹졣

ȷʵ֮ǰ˵׬õǮҪǱһЩ

㵢飬ͳȥ˵鳭ˣȥһϣõĶҪȥ𣿡

УѾüˡ˵Žƫݡ

Ƭ̺˼Ѷһóݸ۵һõĺɰӣȥߵǼӣɰӦʮңʮҡ

Ĵż۸ҲĻֻǿƺгƷʣû𣿡

̧ͷһۣ򴽣Ǹɰ˳ݹȥǸġ

ɫĺɰʮ־£ֻһ֧һ˵ļѾȫţΡµ仹Ǻŵ״̬

幤ֺãһɰ˼˻᲻ϲ

ȴûȥӣ֮ǰԼоһ̬ȣֻǲ̫ȷ

˼ҺɰݵǰˣҪǻΪʲôĻǾˡ

ؿ˽Ƭ̣̾Ϣʣ㡭ȷ𣿡
















14  ʮ  ʵ뷨 




嶯֮°ѺɰݳȥЩˡ

ԭļƻٵһʱգ۳ϰĴںٰѺɰͳȥ

ȻҲǰͰѺɰˣȴһֱӵûȥ

ˣղűôƮƮһʣûס˳

Ȼ̫żһЩ

ۿźɰöû˵ĬʱԽľֹס³

֪˶ãõźɰֶЩŲס˵ʱ

˵ˡ

ֻǻȴ̲סһͷŽż⣬ҧġ

ûʲôĸɰ֮ǰѾԼҪúס

ȷܵͣȴ쳣ļᶨ

ʵ̫ѹˣۿžԼıʲôǣһ£̲סȥͷ

ֻǻûӴͷ۵־ͣסˣ˳Žͷ£üŻشңϣ飬ǻʵ뷨ܵصӰ죬ʱͲҪȥǵȿȥ

һӾͺۿôûʹǷԸ⡣

׸ĸͲ˵ˣĸڵʱҲǣҲֻΪӦôô

ܹԼĸоʵ̫ˡ

ӺɰúҾһֱ룬ᶨصѾúˣġ

űȻʧЦȷʵţǼˣ򣬱ǧ֡

ֿ۽ĺɰ֡

Ϊ̫ţѺɰģһãȻûܰѺɰӽù

ʧЦֲˣ

ǲǣһӺ쵽˲Ӹҡ

˵߶ϣԼգɿذѺɰһƣתߣһȥˡ

˵Ѹٵܽƫݣ̤żҪ˸˵

Щҳȥ棬˵ҲҪ

һڷֳʤŽżߵſڣ˸Դȥ

ȿʲô÷˵Ļ

պײ۰ͭӾɵĺɰ͵Ǹµ档

ͻȻ;òˣ͵͵վֱ߳ȥȻȥϵʱ򣬰ٴһϸ޲ʣµЩ첻˼ɰˡ

áЦЦӦղΪϻ֮ǰƫݲء

ˣҪ󵨵Ķ࣬׼ɵĺɰʣǸɵ㲻˰ɣȥĵС

óˣɣҲŻܸĳʲôС

ȻҪҲС˼߹ȥѶ󣬾͵ȥˣ㻹ʲôҪô

ûˡǸɵĺɰҡҡͷ

ȥֻһˣ;û죬ֻͷ·ʱһ㣬͵ϡ

һȥѳõĻˡ

ƿЩЩϲ˴̨˵һΪҪŻ

պ⼸ûʲôũͰڼҳˡ۵

˵ƵǽպðⱾһȥпҪĻû͸ˡ

۴ӱ¨ѴȥԼԼõһóݸƣҲŰѳõĽˣȥ

ԵȣҪȺ˶һ¡Ƶ

ǱҪ̣˶ԵĻô֪ûгǳ©۰˰־һߵš

Ż䣬ٻʱһͭ壬Դ۵ذͭݸ۵ĳͣһһһʮģһ¡

ü,˵õʮһô

ƹ˵Ȼûдģһǰ嶼һģֵʮġƵ

ЩΣ˵ǱǰһģӦǵڶһЩϰߣǰ漸ҳȻȷʵġ

ܶʮǮ˵ҲһССľϲ

ʣǼⱾǻģ

ⱾҲûصڵĿ׬Ǯֲǿôʲô

Ȿ֮ѾϤݣ֮Ҳ졣

۾ȥϻߵǸׯ

һ̤żƹľʣ͹ҪЩʲô

Ȱҿ۲شӱ¨óĶݸƹ

ƹĽӹ󣬻ûϸʣϻǸĶ

ǡ۵˵ͷЦƹİѺɰһһİڹ̨ǰϸز鿴

Ƭ̺ƹ̧ͷ΢΢ü廨뷨Щһ

ۿûղſɰϵ廨ʱһĹʡ

ƹҪĥߴĻżЦʣöǮʣ

ƹԥһ£ŵʮģɰʮģ㿴Σ

˵겻۽ӻ뷨ﲻһܲȥвȷҪһķա

ҲЦЦƹĿׯ϶֪ƷЩʵĻüǮ⼸ɰΣƹı⺺µĺɰȥġ

˵ʼ磬˼ԡ

ⷬҿɲ⺺ƹʧЦָӵ廨һ̧ͷ㿴ΣӸɰҲͼȰʮǮɰʮģ֮ҶúãٸǼۣǲãֻ֮ܽǰǸǮ

ɡ۵˵ͷٸһߵϸ޲

ǸǸİɣƹĵǮһߣġ

Ц£ǾͶлˡ

һɰӣһʮģȥ򲼵İģʣʮģȽ֮ǰļǮʮġ

ۺ⣬ת뵽Ҫǲ͸һɰĻ׬øࡣ

ͻȻ͸оĳΣ

˾ǮһȥƷ

ȻܳԵ»ϣˣ϶ҪһЩȥģ׸׻װ¡

ֻȥʮĳ˲׸׸뵽֮ǰͷʱû£̵ƹ񣬡𣿡

ǻһЩƹЩ⣬ûʲôжʱˣˣҪҪĻԱЩ㡣

ֻҪһ۵νȿɡ

ƹڽ﷭˺һ󣬲ŷСװԼĪҵƹ˵ɰͰ͵ķ֮⣬ЩѾðˡ

ƹЩεۣ㻹Ҫ𣿡

ðӰʳãҵů͵㣬Ϊȥ

۱ȳһ£Ǯɡ

ƹĹ³ƣһǮһģЩҪĻһĸɡ

СûԥȥԲľӡ

ƹļôɴ࣬ʣﻹмﳵӴķҪҪҲ˵Ǳߵֵö࣬׻ߡ

ǺôȷʵߣҺ⻹ˣҲιȤ

ƹƼ£ֻʮģĽ

һ£׬һһʮģֻʣʮˡ

֮ǰ˵ˣϾ⡣

˵Ҫ㻰֪೤ʱܳ飬ȷʵҲû֮ǰôˡ

ȥ̯ϳ⡣

Ķʮˣѱ¨ġ

ڵȱٶЩɵĻãŶʮĶҺ󣬾;üյ

ʱ仹磬ѱ¨·ߴЪһ

ûãת˵

۲²ӦҲǴϻĴˣĶ࣬뱻ҿ¶ˣվߡ

ûѱ¨ϣ·ͷ˵ǲôȵȴһ߰

ۻͷͿŮһʶ֮ǰ·ܿĹӡ

һͣ٣Ѿ첽ߵԱߣ־Ҫȥı¨ôණӿЩʲô


















15  ʮ  





Ī˵Ѹٰѱ¨Ὺ

ٶ̫죬Ȼ˸Ҷı¨棬Ҳָֻһ΢Ķûüܵʲô¨Ѿˡ

ôһûܵóѣһ۾ʣ˺öӿܿˣ

ˣ۱¿ңȴ˿нӴ¨Ļᣬͷݵӣƿ紵ϣܡ

ʣҿָе죬ղûɣ

ⶫǳ·۵ģǼһʱ䳤·Ǹ죬ȰȰȸ˵˲ٶоݣ˵һӴӣ첻Ͼͻ᳤ֲ͡ȴԷãҶӵͿó涣ҧĵطЧ

ʱ۾ţŪĲΧǿŵ㣬Щ˲ýӾǡ

ղż־¨ĶﷴеòУֿͷ壬ϵҲôɾͻȻôһơ

Ҳϳ󣬾ЩҶڱ¨棬ȻҲûˡ

ӻɵؿۣ˵˵ݵʲô

ԺΧóģü֧֧ʣӣûܣ

ӱǲŵģֵ̬̲סЩɣоͻȻЩ쳣ȥӡ

˵ʱ򣬺Ҳ˹Ǹʵôˣ

졣

Ļ˵ĻᣬػصҴŪЩݵӻӸղźСˡ

ǻʲôϽȥŪˮŰ˼

һǹɷֶͲú𣿡

̲ס뷭ۣȻѡίӦԵķʽҲͲô¨ȥģֻƲƲû뵽ô죬ûüֹ

˵ЩʲôղøϽȥǸʹӣ˱¨ĶûУ

񡭡һ㡣ӻһ¸ղָĸܣûסڶӡ

ȥۣץˣϽȥϴϴɡ

ôһ˵Ӹо˶ϱĵطҲʼˣٹ˲ۣɷͼҴҵߡ

һǶԷȻҲһ

߳һξ󣬸ղ˵øϽȥǸ˻ͷζؿһۡ

۵ػ

ȿ˵Ӱű¨·ֻٶȲ̫죬׷Ǽ鷳

·һӵʱ۶ƫһЩٵ·

ҵʱһ廨۽æߣҪȥı¨

ۣأֱӷȥͺãҵˮɡ

á

±¨˱ˮ΢Ъ˻۲ſʼĶ

ӱ¨ϵҶÿ¶һ

ΪմӦ÷棬޲հײӦ÷档

ֻʱ۾д뿴ʲôģŰ޲ѹ棬мװŲ׸ٷź

˸ӹװСӵЩɻ󣬡ôô

˵ʱһһЩ۵òҸţůһЩˣֵȥ

Ƿӵһۿ𣬾üֹ

ʣôˣ

ǸɵǰԹѿĻûôóԡ

ʧЦ˴ѿģȻǰǿ˵ȥ

ŶڵıۣԼʲôʱɿʲô뵽Եˡ

۰״ϵóĸɺҶŵģĻŪ֣˿һԼߣһ⣬Ȼһȥ

ӦõģͷһҰ࣬󣬳Եľ˲ٹ˵ڴѵĲϣҲǳ´͵ġ

ŰҲó۰ϸ޲ִӺɰʮͭݹȥɰӵǮȥϸ޲İģʣʮġ

ôôࣿŴ졣

üëƹ˵뷨ĲͬҾرľӦøֵǮһЩʮģɰʮġ

˵꿴۷ؿԼ̲סղŵıǲ̫һЩæһ΢ЦԻúá

ڡһЦ˳ҡҡͷǮžͺá

ôУĶġ

ÿԵĶҲǮģָָ̨ϵ⣬ÿǮҲ١

˵ȷʵҲеڳԵļǻǮģҪǷһǰôһ˵ۻһֵͭ塣

Ȼ͵ĺɰ¹˵ĳϣ⼸ʮͭ壬ôҲ²ãҡҡͷᶨصţûǮҪ

ҡԥһ£˵ʲô

̾˿ʹɱﵣҪҷô𣿡

Ȼ⻰һ˵ڣҡҡͷͭ˻ȥ̧ͷȥ۵۾

Ц£׵׸ȥɣȥ˳ҡ

˵һø

ߵýſںҲҵţԼԺӡ

ǰתһȦûڼң´ﶼڣҲûӦ

Щɻ󣬵Ҳû룬ݵǳģͽȥǽϵľϣʱ򣬳·ƿԺӵŽ

Ŀԣ¡

·᣺ʲô𣿡

ҸղŴϴЩ˵ûˣ͹ȥˡ۵

ŶҵӦȥժˣӦںι·᲻̫صۻ͵£û͵˭һһھ͸õˡ

۵ͷҾȻȥˡ

ȵȣ·סҸղŻʱӴ˵ǹˣ

Ȼ࣬ñصһҲ˵ȥҲû뷭ҵı¨ҾŻ¨ݵӡ

·£ţˣ

Űɡ

ɱ˵ݵӣҶϷˣ˵·ҡҡͷֵôһ֣ҪǺˡ

νʼ磬Ǻ޾ͼǺްɣˮڣʱܲҵı¨ɡ

Ҳǡ·˰־Ҫݡ

뵽ʲôæסˣ֪ҵɵľ𣿡

Ҫɵľʲô·ɻ

Ȼá

·˼ص˵ͷҵȥ궬Ϳ˸֦ضˣҪ٣

߰˴糤ߦȴϸͺˣ۵Ҫֱġ














16  ʮ  ˸  




֦мֱģ·ᷭ˸ۣҪô࣬Լѡɡ

˵ȥݺѷŲĵطָͷȽСľЩǡ

Ҳûľȫõ˵ϣѡãѡһֱû֦ľ

ʣµķŻԭλȻȥˡ

С̵Ҫ𣿡·ʡ

ҪҲûӦһѲ˵һѲ񵶣ѵʺӣֻüҾȻֶ

ϲЩСߵȻҪ׼ȫ·ΪصҪвģҲҰ

ۻСʱҼһľľľӻͷһأͷӦá

·ʽͬСۺ󣬾Ͱ˰ʾԻȥˣﻹ벻۾Ȼôĵһ졣

˵ֶ̣˵Ҫ̶Էĵطôʹһ䣬Ҳ⡣

ΪȶúٸԻԺʱ۾ľ̵֦ŵؽݡ

ĵ̣͸ƫǽĵһƽʱҶԷҲſŰ˺վſ˵ȥ

ӵĻȫõĽ;ᷢ֡

ΪǵһӣԽԽá

ֽϻһϸԲƬ̺β˼һ״С

ѣƷҲüִ󷽡

ͼֽúҲû飬Ͷľ֦

ھĵģֻелľͷʱһɳɳ죬µӰΪ̫ƶԽԽȴȻֻơ

ֱԺӺ۲ŶȻרעоѹ

ʱľѾԭ͡

ЩӲĲӣ룬յ߳ݡ

ǡʱҲ۲ԾؾͿôֲŵͷ

ȻعתͷվԺſڵĳʲô£

ȥϾȥϣôңŭ

Щܵĺ󲱾ЦŵһҶչ࣬׬ǮˣȻҪرһЩҲһ˵˼

ƫݵķۡ

ۡšһ⼸˵ӺɰȥҲһЩǮ

οЦЦҲãǮӲɫ

˵ŵһС˸ɵݸۣҲɣҹӦûʲôԸһĲˣ͸˵˸ɹ

ۼȷʵûʲôˣҲû

ֻǿĲ˸棬˸ɶ⣬иɰײˣ̲ס뵽˲˸ζ˿ڿˮʣͷ𣿡

ͦģҪĻȥЩ

ԷɿذѲ˸͵ȥָȥҡ

ȥͷ۾Ժš

ͬԺϢĳ忴ۺ¶һСӣиôƻġ

˵棬ҲԾ壬˵

˰֣ʾԱ˵ϾҪˣǹ꣬ǺػˮҪڹ֮ǰãȻᵢׯҵĲ֡

˵һ²żĶˮһĶأǼһҸҴˣ

СʱȻżֹأҲɣȷʵȲ̫ׯҾʲôʱڲ֣гԱ߰￴ţ֪ɶ٣п˲ŻȥҴˣȻǽ

ͷֵֻǲ֪һĶǶǮҺǰ׼á

һĶһҾܸãԱЩֻҪʮģˮҪϸܶ࣬ҪʮһĶЩǸţҲ˹ǮģҵĻһͺˡ

ôУöپǶ١۵

ֵҲҪˣȻﶼۣҲ˼óˣϾֲֹһûţţڿ죬ڴﲻҲɣûóȰѻˣٸǮ

οҲǳֵģҲûǮ

ӳҳ̲סЩ

ڳٶȣһϢĻҵʱܳһٶʮġ

̯ÿʮģ֮ǰĹǮһ

ǲãҪ£ǮÿЩ󣬾Ͷֻʣһβ

еͭصĹǮ

Ҫԣͱ˲С

վԺ￪ʼ룬С˵ЩԽô¸ġ

нָƲȥ̸ȫߡ

ȻֱȽ϶ǴԣҲУҲ˵û飬У⸽ɽҲûʲôɽߣָԶﻹǶˡ

оǲҩŶҲУΪʶҩġ

ѵҪʳ

룬ҲвͨΪ㹻ḻʳҲչúܳǰϸеĶУǻԣڳɱΪ£˿ĶҲûʲô

̾˿ɥ룬ѵҪдԽֻܿǿάƵǸ

飿

ͻȻ뵽ʲô۾һǰôͱôۡ

ʱ򣬾Ϳһͷ˷ܵ˫۶ڷ⣬ɻ󣬡ʲô𣿡

黹û»бʣֻһЩ˸ɹȥԡ

ܾòô򵥵£Ҳû׷ʣȥջ𡣡

ڵ˸Ĳ˸ҪˮϼСʱģʱˣ۱˸һһ

İײ˸ɰײ㣬һͷ˵ŰгɱƬý廨ȥ

Ϊ˸ζ˵ĸĩ

Ū˷ŹСҲʱʱŻ

ȵԷʱ䣬ѾڹСʱһƿǣ˾ŵŨͲ˸ɵζ

Ȳذ˵ݣϽʢ

˶۸һ⣬˿

ǿŰװֵɼü۵ע£סͽ

ҧһڣ۾һȫһ

ʧЦҲųһš

˿СʱŴŴ֭˸ɵζܹܾˡ

廨ҲѾµĲ˸գͶ壬˸Ҳζ

˲֪ͰѰ廨Ĳ˸ȫˣʣµ֭Ҳ˰뷹

֮ļ죬˶ڼûôţۼҪĻ꣬Ҫ͸ӡ

˵Ǳ޵ģΪżʱ䣬Ѿ껰˵Ҳٴĥĥ깤

Ҫʵһ㣬껰ĵȥϡ

ȴ֪뿪ûã͵͵ſ˽ȥ

 














17  ʮ  ԵҪͶ





ϻһܾۺһȥϵĽ飬ڼ嶫

֮ǰȥңһɾһӵʱ̡

һֱάҶʮģʮĵļǮȥϸߵĳɱһҲ׬϶ʮңһҲġ

Ȼ۲ƷǮ׬ЩǮţҲԱʱ֮衣

뵽⼸ΪǮȴŬģ۵ͬʱ̲סۡ

ĶûͣȴȴΪЩ˼̲סػ

һĶõĽǣ˴ԺŽġ֨ѽŵ㱻廨ָ

ʶΪǳ´߳ӣ̧ͷͺ¡

һֲ˵ڣ˭ϵЦ⣬Ŀڵλӣк£

ҹӰ㻹ǵòȥժҰ˵ʱſ۾Ц¡

Լڱ⣬ȴ֪ڱ˵۾ǵ͵üĿ

һεˣֻҪǸصģǵãοӿɲһˣ·ײһأ·Ȳض»ʱܱܿ;ܿߡ

ңǰջ˵ˣ۴ϻ죬Ҳ˹ӣһӾֱȥ۱¨Ķûò

Ȼ۵ݻס춼͡

ָǱƭˣֻûףҪۡ

üźۼذ߻յǰɣղе³ȥˡ

˵ȥϣ̫ԶҪһʱôʱ䣬Ҫֵ飬һס

ֻãʱܻ

֪ӺٺһЦԹԵؾ˽ģۡ

߾͵ſˣæӷŵԼӭȥ¶ɫذԺм䣬ң

ԣ㣬Ȼסˣһֱſڵϣͷղ廨ɣ

ǣͷ˫ӡ

˼Σסȥ棬֪ҲͽȻ͸⣬̾˿۵Ǹиģɽǹ˻飬ּ㿴㳤ֺã廨ôͱСӡ

ԼµĿģصܺá

⣬ͦõģˣӵ֪ɽǹﲻ֮ǰлԼõʲôöԼԲöҪ͹ȥҪʶҲΪ˵гһǹﵱӡ

˻ǹֻ֪û뵽ԭΪôࡣ

ǵѻ˻ȥǸģΪˮһЩ飬Ϊȫǹ

оԼǱһϸϸۣϸ룬ָҲԾһ£ֻɿ

ӵع˹ǣĵⷨӹȻãֵǴˮ˵ǲСĵȥˣ˭֪Ϊɽǹ˻飬벻Ѱ̼š

ֻá䡯һһ˲ȫǿհ׵ġ

֪Ӻܿں˵˵۵ĹϵҾģҲǹȥˣӦ⡣

ǾܵýһĪҪ˵

˵Ŀɶʵ˽һۣ̾˿Ҫ˵ĸʲôҲαظأ

ԭţ΢һЩŴû˵

ӼӿɶΪãϸ룬ҵʱǲûóˣܶʳǸڳ¼Ҹģۣǲǳ˻ȥҰ⣬ʲôˡ

˵߯б˽һۣȥɽǮҲİɣ

صǣԼǮ

أǮǰһдƣ˵ΣǺֶӣڼ϶еز˵ҲټĻ顣

ĪҪ˵˵һ

ôǺ˵ˣⶼΪ㡭

ȿȡӻû˵꣬ʣڳ¼Ժﴫ

ų´վǱߵϱ˵ʲôأԵҪͶġ

ôͻԵˣڸǣߴţܺõԵӿЩ³´Žһ¾ˣúÿһҸղ˵Ļ

ߺûãСų´ſ˽

æȥڰӳſڡ

´º󣬻½ļĪߥޣСǰǲҵЩЩжڿңԼΣԼõ

֪˵ġ˵ͷɵӦ¡

ȴ̲סЩѹ´ᶼû۶ǹ£ԡǹпţЩҲ

˵ۣϺֱ

ػưѻȥٶȸ죬ûþͻһٶʮǮ

պͭ󣬲ûʻҪհײᣬǵȻԳ֪ղµĻ

ƿһۣѹȥ˵

ɻصͷ˹ȥ

һСº󣬻Ʋѵڶ˵дǺܱĵһ£ԺĪҪǰ˵£տƿʱӰ

ۣ

Щ£дѣȻᱻģЩҲЩ˵ô

ƿı飬ֱ̯̯ʾͬ

ָ۵˱裬˼ҪдѾдõҪ

Ҫд۵

ƣջҪƹĿ֮ҪҪ£ԼǮ¡

ˡ۵˵ͷȿôʾ⡣

ʣ㡭

۵ֽɣ⼸쿴Ҫ꣬Ҳһϣʱڼԡ

УǶҽܹģֻҪԣƹĿ϶ģЦŵҽؿñȥҲܶ࿴±ôдġ

۵ͷӦ¡

ȥ棬ֽۣʱҪ̫õֽҽëֽԪֽѡһ֡

ֽ£ԪֽǾƽʱʱɿհײֽҪ΢һЩ

ëֽ΢һЩдĻҲǹˡ

ʵʲôۣ

ƵëֽʮһԪֽʮһ

Ҫëֽɡ۵

ϡ˵ذһְֽҪ۴ߵĻհײҲóá

۸Ǯȥ˲ׯ

ƹһ̤żЦӭˣӸҸж٣

ۿı飬֪ϻصĶ϶òҲŰѱ¨ĶóֻЦŵϻǶúðɣ

ȷʵò̫ЩƹЦۡ

۵һ壬Ѿˡ

ƹЩʧҿεĶɡ

ۡš⼸õɰӶ˳

ƹһһףҪ˵ʲôæִϣ֪ͣ˵ʲô⼸һһˣ㿴Σ

ûסЦ£á

㲻ǿϧˣҪﵱưɣûиơƹĵ

л⣬ǲˡҡҡͷ

ƹҲ˵˵۾ܾҲûôϡ

˽Ϻ뵽Ȼף͸οûˣȥ˰Σ⡣

Ҵҵأ·һҲû飬˴Ӻֱš

·ڳ¼ҵʱ򣬱Ժ৵һСס۸磬Ҫ㡣

ۿСԺ￴ۣûдڣſվסȥСƽӣʲôҪ˵

СȥϺ󣬹ˣ˵Ҫ˵ס

ۣ

˵𣿡

Сǰûֻһ㣬͸Ͻȥ̽ˡ

 

















18  ʮ   






ЩҲһСȻ´Ҳˣ֪Ķ϶С١һ£Ժ￴ۣڼ𣿡

Сţ˾Ͱѹ¸㡣

ۣȥ˵¡

áСɵõһߣ۽ȥԺ档

˽ȥݵʱ򣬳´űߵϱĿϢСǰ棬ͣתͷѹ۸磬˯

Сǰɣ´ﻺ˫˿˯⡣

ۺָż棺ѱ¨£˵ɡ

۶ˣº󲱾С˵˹£ҺҪ£⡣

´ףתͷԸվſڵС꣬ȥԺţ⣬˾ͺһ

ȰС֧ȥźֱ壬۵ʱף

ǣΪ죬û뵽´ˣҳ´ǶԵģҲǿпڳԵģҪǳףϲ𡣡

û˵ʱ׻һԭǾø黹ûǷϡ

Խʱ䣬ҪôȥѾķе񣬶ڶŮ鳤ȷʵûôྫ˼

ɷϣǶԽǺкøУȻҲºɰֻΪһ£ѡףִ̫٣ҲǶ˹ϵһֲźͲ

״̬Ӧͷô׾ݣҲԸһͥʱˮɵһи¡

Ҳе´ǵͷʾͬŻһת֪ϱô˵ĸԭʲô𣿡

ۣҾ¡

´˵˵뷨㡣

۶˽ޣӦ԰취ҲͨеϢܽģвԵĵط˵ûʲôӸôԽ˵ΪǴˣ׼ȷ˵ǻҼҵˡԼ㱻ô˵ˣҲûпվסŵݿԷȥ

˵΢΢СܵĽһֱΪֻҪǿͿԺܺõعȥ£Ҳܶ˵ʲô⻰˵ܾЩֵֹġ

û취Щ˱ˣܲ۸

۸оеѹһ£ּȥһˣȰѻǼҼҡ

⵹ʧΪһֺð취´صͷֶȥʱ㶫

ͷ˿ƻûͺá

ֻûˣ̵ҽȥϾʹﰾ͵ķҲûƽġ

ͽ⻹̫Щͷ׽ֻĸùȥ´˵̫ˣϾŸɽǹ˻Լ̫ãҲҪô֪㶨µˣǲ۸ġ

ãҵȻӽֻĸ۵ʱȥҡ

ǴҴӵͷɻʱȥ֪˾Ͷ֪

ҪöҲûſڵı¨лָ㣬ҾȻȥˣڼҡ

ûˣЩ׼ôȥҲѴһԡ´ﶣ䡣

۵˵ͷӦ¡

̤żˣ´ûסְ˽סôģ

ɫ˳۸ˡ

֪ⷽԼ⣬´ﲻ˵ȿˣ֮ǰʳѰͲˣЩʲôѹϵŪøҲûôҶһģҪиʱ̵ŶʹôҲ©ʱ򡣡

ȷʵֻǧǧշĵˣҪǲؾһ£ܾòġ

´ƤһۣصҵĲҿҲǸױ۸ģδȥ鶨˳ݣЩϱһκε

˵´üë˵ˣֻҪӺúùЩ߲ȵ͵ϱұǲ˵Ұ䲻ǡ

۴˰죬Żͷˡ

չ黹ǿˡ

ۻصҵʱ򣬿һſ廨ɫҲûʲôţʮȻط߻ȥ˱ˮ

۰ѱ¨ſڣӹˮһ

ָԾ۰ѱˮ꣬״ƲصҸղšڸ˵ˡ

ղȥ˳´һЩ飬̹ȻС˵

ǡһ˲Ҳü١

üĿӣۻ֣ûסشӽķ޽ǣһͷ˳󣬡Բˡ

֪Ϊ۵Ļ

ûס£̧ͷۣصҲҪ˵Բ𡣡

Цһ£û£Ϊȷʵˣûǵ⡣űԼĴ˵˳ȻһȥңĻǼ㿴Σ

գգۣջһΣȥ۵۾Ƭ̺Żصͷͺá

۴ûǿ֪Ըġ뵽С˵û֮ǰ˵ʲôվЩģӳ˵˵⣬˵ʲôֵĻ𣿡

⻰˵֮ԼòڣǹĵĻô˵оζеˡ

һףС´ԭûǰΡ

ڲˣ۶˵ҪȥǼǻԺ˳δɡ

ǹǰûûϵˣ룬Ҳ۾öûϵġ

ҡҡͷʲôûҲʲô£ҿԴõġ

ۺϲ⸱ӣյ˸ѵ֪Щ黹ҪൣҪ鷳Ը˵

˲ĨЦݣãҼסˡ

̸껰¨Ķûüڳ˵͸Ͻȥڽ輦

ƳǴӵʱ򣬳´˵۵¡

۹ȥʱ򣬳Ӹպ׽һֻӺԺ

ۿʣƹ𣿡

ʲôƣ£ȥþͺáӵ

ӵĺˣȥǼǻԼǮ

£۵ļ£ȥĸ

ҲϴֹҸȥһˣǼǻǴ£ܹҪиߡ

۲ЩҲ֪Ϊã˸лӡ

·Ա߿ţһȥ֣ȴֲ˵ģ

С꿴ԼҸ磬ֿ۱ţȵߵ۸ͽ磬СԴƬ̣ȥĳ·ĸ첲㲻ҪĽɩӻˣҲȥġ

·᣺















19  ʮ  ˵̬  







۸֮ǰûȥңһ·Ǹڳͳĺ档

ʱ㣬ڵæһЩĴպÿųͷؼңк߿һ飬һֻ˵ȴû˼ĽɩҪʲô°ֻĸ

СӰѽҲжʱˣһֱûǼǻЦŵҸⲻպпգ˵Ҫһˡ

ʻ´һЦеصǽ

ǽӡڽС˵˸˵ĳƺʵ֮ǰҲû⸾ˣߵһӶ˵ľֹ䣬ۿӦǷ޹ϵ

˿һĻЩתͷƳһۣƺһû˰Ե飬һҪŻȥͲˡ

ЦŻأߡ

ѽӴ֮·Щ޵һҲ˻ȥֱǵſڣҲûҪȥ

ҵķӦȫõˣȻǰʸҲûʲô𣬵мһŵݸƫ⣬໹᷿ЩǼ򵥵ĺԺ

ŽȥʱϱڴŶϱſӡ

ӿȴкϲɩѡҪֵĶӣ

ǰŽпվϲմĶѻƶϱʵǣ

ӵСӹǼ»֪ڲڼң

أȥͷϲ˵ֳ᷿ǱߺҵģϱС£Ͻ

תͷȥԸϱӵȻȥǵˮ

Լ쵽¡

Ƭ̣ʹſ˽ʮӣ߸ݵģǾܸɡ

æ˸񣬡

£ĸ⣬ʲôʱôˣ

۵ͷǰҲ¡

һߵλ£û˵

˼С£ʲôƢϲӶ˹ϱˮŵߵϣתͷֶ۵СԺǸһϲɣˡ

ۣҼסˡ

һˮŲ鲻Ըؿۣ˵ҪǼǻ

ǡӦ

ʹԼûУ˵תͷºͶˣԼĸԸģûбСǿ

һ˵꣬ԱߵϲӾ˵ʲô

£ֱ׳ػص

򸾶˸񣬡ûǿңԼԸġ

ϲüϹŰ塣

ߺ̿ղýֽʣʽ֪ǰˣ

еĽɽĴصǰɽˡ

֮ǰվ˵ûǿ˵Լָԭǲص˵ͷ

ֽϰѽָԭдº󣬲ŵˣȹпȥϣٰһݽȥ

ϲˡæ

ƳһۣղӵҿǸģԺҪ˼ٻˣúðӹˡ

һġ۵ͷ֤

΢΢ףۻڳŵĸҾͲˣֲԼģҪԼ׬Ǯ򵽼˼ٸֻ

ۣҡ

ܻѻ˵꣬ӾԱߵ⼦ȻҼģǽСӣɲǰ׸ġ

ĿڼɨһȦ˵ѣŵǾ°ɡ

ҳʱϲ˸װż˸ɵӸһʱ֪òգǳӵ°ɣϲӸĸ

ϲӵ£תͷۣҪʲôʱ𣿡

ٵȶʱհɣ۵ǰѾʡˣĵȷˣϲĳǺȾơ

죿ԭҪݵϲתʡ

¶˾ȵ顣

۶Щ̲Ǻ˽⣬ʹ֮ǰǱ֪һЩȻ׵Ļ˺ȾƣѲҪ͵͵ذݸã

Щڵ󲱾Ҳ죬ĳǺȸơѡ

ϲ嶨Ŀ۰죬Żͷ˾ͺãȢôģǴǰҲûй

Ȱͳȥϲ̾˿ԱߵϲСӺĶ˲١

ղŻô˵ϲƳԼҵҵһۡ

ŭ䲻ϲ㿴⼸ĶʲôӣҪһֱôȥȥˣȥǡ

ϲӣڸĹ˾ͺã˵֮ǰȥˣҲһֱܣҵ׬Ǯ·Ȼĸ˵Ҫ˺Ⱦơ

ϲν̾صԸµġ

˵ˣϲӵҳȥתת

ϲ֪ҪȥȺ˵ˣ㶣ע㣬˵ı˵

⻹Ҫ˵

ϲӵԺмǿŴµʱ򣬹Ȼвϱ죬Цʣղſֻĸȥңʲô¡

Ǽǻϲӻص״Ʋ˵Ȼ˵׵˾ǲһСҲ¶ˣղŻ˵ȳ׵ʱҪĳȾء

˺Ⱦƣ˻ɵûɣ⼸ҿû˵ӣ˭Ȣ˺ȾƵģǰڸԼݳһپͺô

Ҳ˲ͬĻ⸽ûУֲǲԣҵõȥȢ˸ؼңҲȫ˺Ⱦ𣿡

ǲһõ֪ǼǮǸͬǮܸôǰ˼

˵ǸǮأһ˲֮ǰ˵

˻û˵꣬ͱԱߵӴϣĻҲţ۰ѽʱҵҵҲģôܻǮ

˶֪۰ѽʱȥ׷½ˣ˵Ļ󲿷˶ỳɡ

ֻǰһֱܵЩ˵Ǯ˺Ⱦƣ

ز˵ʲôϸʧЦŷ￴ˣ˿ˣûǮ˼뵱Ҵɽ֮ǰжЩ˻֪ܲڲҲǸõô

˵˵ǸƲƲûٽӻȴۿˡ

֮ǰ˵ȥʶô˵ʲô׬Ǯķأ

ҲǴˣһףͦϱġ

ǸǸиˣ

Ĳ˵ҪҼǸʱϸԸʱˣҲͷˡ

Ҹż꣬Ͳˡ



ŵۣʱҲѾӳ˽⵽Ȣһ㶼ֻǰ׽˳ԶٷѣֻȢŮӣŻһȫ˺Ⱦơ

𾪵ͬʱ־Ρ

ǷֿصԼۻû˵ʲôͽָǵʱ򡭡ô¡صġ

˵µģΪһ˵ҪĻôܲĶֻǼǮҲ࣬仰ˡ

 











20  ڶʮ  󲿷ϲ 




û˿ڲأһ۾Ϳˡ

о౻ʲôһ£ɬɬģԾͣ½Ųתֱӽ۾ңһжġ

ڻõʲô̶ȣҲ˵ϾΪһԽִˣûļ䣬ණҪȥѧϰ֮һѧĶҲΪ緢ⷢĵ㡣

һԿ϶ܼΣĶж٣ֻҪ㹻Ŭӿ϶ǻġ

㡣¶һ΢Ц۵۾ڷ⡣

֪Ϊʲôܸһַǳĵĸо·ֻҪڣһѶ⡣

ʵҲȷʵˣ˴Ӹʶǻ¶ٻ֪ʳʡųԣϻЩʣͭ壬Ҳ̶ʮ졣

ۼȫΣҲűģԾڽıǼһ£ǿȥĶɻأҪȣ˵ˡ

ھȥһ¾ͺˣתͷߡ

ۺЦ¨

ŶŬһ˻

ȥϣ˴ԼҪõֽõĶ⣬ֻ˰θ⡣

󣬱žҪõȥ

۰˽ס𼱣һҪ㡣

˵ڽڴĿɰӵһ˳ƵǰǺɰӵǮ

һۣͿͭĲԣôôࣿ

ҹȥʱ򣬸սƹľش˶ٵĶȥЦŽ˵ʱ㶫úÿرƹĺãȻļ۸Ҳ͸ߡ

ҡҡͷҾûƱ磬ȻƹľúãҲһҸߵļ۸񡣡

ʧЦû˽ȥߵʱͼҪͱӵģţԼȥӸң˵ļǮߣ͡

ЦŵǾͱ𻥿ˣʱҲˣȥɡ

˵ȥʵҲûôżȰѷϴɾ˰͡

θϲ͵ĶȻ࣬ιҲܰιװ̲֮ЩεĶҲܹ˳һʱˡ

ϲ͵Ķʮ⣬β˸һЩӸɡ

۹ðķ⣬ץ˰ӸˮţŵȻ֮ùʣĵͳ

Ӹȷʵóԣ߲˵㣬֮֬Ҳϸʻ

۳̲סҲһЩӰɣʱԲĿɹɸɡ

һ˲Цһһӯ˫ۣá

극һȥɸԵĻ

ҪԼдǰº󣬾ûֽдǳ˼

ڵĻ˵ǸС˵˵İ˵Ϥ

ѧʱиѣĳƵվĴߣӹѵʱΪõǮѵĽ£ȥ˼qiang֡

ȻȥˣǳǮȥġ

ѵĽ̵£Ҳѧ˲дĵ·ʲôϲ

⼸ȻŲͬ㣬ǲϵǿгһˮһˡ

ڸ鷽棬Ǹϲдõ͵Ů֮ǰǱҲǲƵģڸϿ·Сұ͵С㣬ȸкһŮǰȫȢţ֮

ۼǰдʱҵߵĹţֻǸһֱûжǲдȫȫȫ͵ģֻǲ̫д

˼һûͷɴĻȿⱾݣĻ˵ⱾǱ֮ǰǱøã˵ڸпĵط

ùؾصǰ۱ɴȥſڣ嶫ͰԱ߿顣

Щ⣬뵽ǰŬ鳭꣬ڱʲôƵģȥﵹ˱ˮۣȻ󲻶ɫʣڿ

ۡšȻ֪ǱдõĻҲûŽҽģ㿴һúõʱʲô͵ģҲдһ

Ҫдȵ졣

۵ͷǻشԭƽ飬ôһʣͻȻ;Щ˼ˡ

գգۣд˿Ըҿ𣿡

Ȼдȸ㿴۵̫⣬дǸ˿ô˵ܸһЩء

оԼеȣû뵽ӦҪ֪͵͵ŮӸ䴫ĵĻԼĻ϶ǲ׼Щ˿ġ

̲ס͵͵ֻ̧ۣͷüĿ忡ɫͣбսһ⡣

ſţ廨ͣ

ôſôֻܺһѽ᲻˼װ֪עеϡ

ԽԽǴͻҲΪʲô֮ǰǱҪⱾһЩˡ

ΪǱֻСұŮˣⱾ棬ͬ·⣬ǻ˻¥ͷƣιѸ

Ѹٵط󣬼Ȼм˶̲࣬סпȻģʲôʱǴ󲿷ϲġ

ֻǡղŶӦˣȻдú󣬾Ҫ

һܻӭģ۲ǲĶ˵Ļܻܿ²֣־òֵá
















21  ڶʮһ  һϲ˶  





ѵ˵Ҫڲ

УȻӦ˾Ͳܷڡ

ԥ죬ѴǱˣԼĶû¶Ҫôд

⼸춼ԷɢҲü˼ģΪΪûдΪҪôд࣬һЩ֮ǰ·᲻Ǻһȥô

룬ôԥȥȷʵǸ취Ҫ֪⼸ͷҪնࡣɵԶ׼Ĺģһɣ͵ͷͬˣҲһȥ

ֵԥˣȥǾã᲻᲻̫㣿

ûϵģʱ﹡ϵţȥͺá

ȽͷӦ۾ſʱȥʸڵĳ·ᣬҪȥĿأ

֮ҪĿأΪذѵطʱ˸ں񱻷

ҵȥȥ·ǿء

ۣߵʱңȻҸһȥ

УǵôͰ·վ飬ǿӦܼ١

Ҫкܶһ굾Ӻ󣬾ͱСˣ۲ûܼ񵽶ٵȻ·ᶼô˵ˣԴ˸ľͰ⻹˸СͲԷжȻľͰȥʵˡ

ʱ򣬳֮⣬СҲں棬˵ȥǼ

·Ͳ󣬵൱󣬶С겻׼ЬȥԼ͸ţʼ緭أкۣ͸Һ棬˷⣬ԲСףҲ

Сʱûٸĺó·̣֪ʲôĿ׻ãһһ׼

С﹡Ͽţÿһ˶ͷǰһЩһ£Ͳһ뻶ˡ

Ҳȷʵ·˵٣ӣ۾ͼ˴Ͳ

͵ŵͰȥ·ἲһôĻ

æͲ˹ȥ·ŲԶĵطȻһĴֵָĻ㻶ϲϲȥ׽ˡ

·ῴĶԾһ

һջķᣬȳ·һȥʱֻͰѾˣҲ

ôĶ۲ԼȫûؼңҽСҲһȥˣҪһЩҲСЩɾ͸С

ʴߵ¼ҵʱ۱ֱͰԺӣСȥ˸ǰַ֡

÷֣㶼ȥںͷĳ·ǰ˻ûꡣ

⻰һСԭҪݶĶͣȻû˵ʲôԶ׼ʧ䡣

ۻͷƲ˳·һۣС˵磬Ǽ֣Ƕ﹡ϸҼ͵Ľ

ôһ˵Сﵹ˼ˣҲûʲô

۹˸۰ͰŵǰԼ

СҲ̰ģ˹ƻ˵㹻ˡ

Ҫǳ·أ۽Ҳ񲻵ô룬תͷԳ·⼸Ҳ㣿

ǧ𣬡ۻ˵꣬·ͼææֹмֻţǼҳҵ֮⣬ҶԻﻹⶫ

ǺöЩ⣬û뵽¼һ˻ʳ

֪Ǻö·ɿƳͰĻһۣٺõĶǲϲܲǿɣ

ͻȻףǰȻϲΪʲôҪǿԼ

һ·ˣյԺģȻڶ˵ĻӭȻдֺαǿԼС˵·ô࣬˿õֲֹһ֡

֮һӾͺˣ㲻ҪˣЩԡ

·ǳ˳飬ǿӦá

Ҫдʲôûٵ飬Ͱкؼҡ

˸߳¼ҵԺӣſڣСԳ·˵磬ҽû»˵

Сһ㡣·ἱ

̲סʧЦתͷȥĵôˣ˭ῴ

ûԤϵǰ㣬ͶĵһЦ

۲Щ⣬ڽǰ˻Ρ

ػ񣬡ôˣ

£

ҧҧû˵

Щɻղʱ򻹺úõİôͻȻ͡

һֱߵԼԺŹغãֻ˵ʱ򣬽סͰҪȥ۵½ǣղšС꽱ҿɲԡҲҪ

˵⻰ʱͷȥ۵۾ǵ͵

ЩЩϲ⻹ǽһҪЦʣҪʲôĽ

ָָͰĻֱۣҲЩܲ㴦

ŵü

˵ͷţ

ʲôʧЦ뵽깤Ǹľӣһ£ø㡣

˵ɿܵͰ£ִˮϸϴɾ֣ȷûζˣȥľó

۸ղ˵ʱ赭дģȰõǰʱ򣬵Щ˼ˡ

⡭һϲ˶

֪ʲôֻúѣҲ⸱ӴЩţʣʲô

ҿһֱôֲͷ˵ŰѲľӵݹȥԼһӣǺܾ£Ҳǿá

ݳȥۻҲԽ˵Խ˳ʱţ׬Ǯˣٸ㻻һ

ûҺϲæӹľ渧£ϸĴ֪ȻֻǼ򵥵ʽ˾Ի˲˼ǵھȥϡ

۵˵ͷԭصš

Ƭ̺÷ͷȫӹ̶ס֮ǰûܴ󣬵ܾж˹ɷĸо

ǰԾԺǮˣһҪЩʽͬӻá

ȻӣҪһҲͬӦ

֪»۾û󣬶Ƕһһصģ˼Ƭ֮ǰ͵⣬ϲӸһˡ

ĵĻòУʢһ͵ڣսԺţ·۰Ͱ͵ʣʲôóԵģҲ̫˰ɣ

۰ݵǰ

·ϵЦһӾͽסˣԾ˺һ

ЦŰŵϣʱ򣬲֪ǲۻ·ƺϵ촽

֮ļ죬۶˼д

ҵߣѸҲ֮дٶȷǳ졣

ʱ䣬һ̶̵Ĺ¾дˣԼһǧң֮ǰǱ̫࣬Ҳˡ

ֻǲ֪дͷ˻д֮ûסдһŷҵĹ¡

ΪǷŷ֮Ҳûдֻоǧҡ















22  ڶʮ  üҲһź  





д飬㸹ٺãдʱ򣬻дָ䡣

Ϊ˽ʡֽʱûŰ棬ֶ߷ڼһ޲ȫһꡣ

ȫĺһ󣬾һȥѾʮˡ

ʱõӸѾ˰Ӳ˵׸Ҳס

Էʱԥһ£Ǹ˵´˵ҪȥһˣһȥЩ

۵ľԸ񣬸ͲѼȫ׸ֻԼ¡

⼸֮ܰڼдҲϻĵʳܳԵʱ˵ҪȥϣЦŵǾһȥպ绹һʱңӦþܰѻȫܺá

ҪǶ룬Ͳӵվˣ㡭дˣ

дˣָ˸ֶȻ󻺻¡

̲סˣеصǲһѾдˣҵȻҪ

ţ۵ͷȳ극͸㡣

극ܿԷٶȶƽҪһЩ

ȻȲΪˣҲÿԼ극󲻽ʰ꣬˫ֶϸϴһ飬ȥ۷ϵǵֽ

ΪΣֽѣȲЩֵôء

ⲻһҡͷֽŶСġ

ۼı䲻뷨Ҳû˵ʲôȥȥдһ

ԼĪһʱңڰһдãЩʹĲ˷䡣

ߵſڣͼݵżϣ°֪ͣʲô

߹ȥǰ˻Σôˣ

תͷϣؿۣ˻㻰дԸٻֻΪİ̤ɽһһһ˫ô

ôͲУ˵Զˣ͸ڳô겻Ҳô

ⲻһҡûܷŵٻˡͷң㻰дĻǸ

۴ı֪£ٽ׶µ£˴µĲ²⡣

ֻЩ²ô˵ǽһˣǽ˵ҲʣٻҲṇ̀Ӧֻһ㣬£ķ綬ѩһֵϲģǮþС

Žɢľ𽥼УԼ۲ּ˵һдǸǾ͸ˣϲһˣΪԷʲôݣֻԷǸԵˡ

ãŻعЩֻ£ӵҡˡ

ۼپڴˣһתעһҲдˣղſЩһ˵Ĺ£Ҫ𣿡

Ƭ̣ҡͷٿɡ

СӦֻûŰ棬˶һ㣬ʲôĲûиı䡣

ȥЩֽддᡣ

ԡֵ˵ͷ

һҲǡ

㡣

ڶȥϵʱ򣬿ǵҪĶܻЩ࣬۾͸һ¨ȼڳ¼һӵʱ򣬲֪ʲôС׼ס

Ϊ´ڼҿ֮⣬¼ȫ˵һţţҲ߲˸֪װʲô̳ӡ

ۿŸ˳ƣʣҪȥˣ

ⲻǴĲȥûȱ˵ʱôָųϵ̳ӵҾͰѵеĲˣȥĲ˸̲˶˳ȥõļǮ

ҵȻҲȥ۵

⺢ӣεҪʲôԼȥҵժͺˡ

˵Żܿ͵ϡ

·ȥ̯ˣС˵ҪȥЩ۸࣬ûһȥ

ؽӴ۵ǸϤĻƣǽź죬ѹʣϻ˵Ļдˣ

۵ͷдˡ

λ롣˵۸ϻǸС档

ǰѳĻְԼдó£鷳͸ƹĿ

𾪵ˣٶܼ

˵СĵؽӹֽҪƹԿܾҪҪ£߶Ǯ£Ҫλһ

µġ۲ص¼Ҳ֣㿴ϸҲỨ̫ʱ䡣

ʵǸЩһ˵˿ʱƶûٻ

̲סЩ֣һʼһٵʱҪǻƻûͳȥʡ

ʮʱ˲豭ʮʱѡ

ȵʮʱԽȥ

˵һ룬Ŷ룬Ǹصõˣƹ˵

ңɻ

ǵģƵͷһţȥ

۳һ£ӦˣУԵһ¡

˵תȥң

Ȼ֪棬евȻö࣬˴ǰм·ǷʲôǰĿҲһõýһ˴۲Ǻܷġ

ϾҲϤ

ʵ˵ҲûԼһȣԱ˵Ķ۵ͷͳȥˡ

ŻƣլԺĸȥ˴ػȣ˿յʱ䣬һ䷿ǰͣ£ŹصƹģҰˡ

ɡӵص

ƿţʾԼȥѹƹǮ

۳Ƶͷʾл⣬°ڽš

Ƚȥ֮ſڳ˲վǮƹ⣬һˡֻڴµԣſڲû

˵ü䣬Ҳһź롣

 















23  ڶʮ  ǰδޣºһ  




һ, ȳǮƹһ񣬡Ǯƹá

תǸͬһ, ֻû˵, , ȴ˴µĲ²⡣

Ȼ, Ǯƹ˵, Ņ̧̀°͵ɡ

ۿǮƹ, ֮󣬲ŸǸĶ¡

˸Ǯƹ۸һ, ŵʣдģ

ǡ۵˵ͷ

Ǳ»ɿôֱ̫һЩǸҪȥ϶޸ĲС

ǡ۶Լˮƽʮ, Ϊ˲Щֵķдɼ, ͺٵ˼ô, û취ˣϾһʱҲôŤתġ

Ǹ˵ͷΪ⣬Ŷһ, ʣһôдһڸϵĹ£

, ĵܲ˵Ƿŷд, һҲǺĻش𣺡Ϊ֮Ǹ

ûнӻ, Ǯƹؿһۡ

۱ǿЩڣͶϵĲ豭᳢˿, Ũζ̲סֺһڡ

⻰ȻƲ㿴ΣǸȿڣ£ÿһͷʮģǲȥûǮ

ⲻǰǮ˼ô۷²豭ʣˣ

ǸֻһˣǱһ

۳һµ׬һҵӣҲû͵ͷӦá

Ȼû⣬ǮƹȥǮɡ

ȥʱ⿴Ǹڵͷдֽ

߳һξ̽Ǯƹ񣺡ղλǣ

ǶҡǮƹҲû

ĵȻˡ

֮ǮʱǮƹһһӺʮͭݹȥ͵һʮγǮʮ֮ǰѺԺлͲҪٸѺˡ

ǻʮأɻ

ǮƹЦЦǶ˵ҪһʮǷָǮ

Щ죬Ҳ̫⣬ƹֵ˴лȴûȥǮЩΪصһҵǸΪûбīԵʣд˹ṩҳıīٿһЩǮɡ

ǮƹȻʧЦ۵ֶ˼͡

˲٣ûؼȥҲֹһǵһμ˰ѱī˱úǿǮġ

ҡͷͭ嶼ŵС¾ᣬǱīдĻҲ

ߵʱǮƹֵһ¸ղ˸˵ȻջҲ֪ϵطôޣһдһ͹ˡ

۵˵ͷʾ⣬ҲûҪд¸һܹһٳһЩ飬㹻ά˵ˣ֮Ҫ׬Ǯ취ͺá

صǰʱ򣬽ڽţȻûֳɫ۳ǲԾ첽ǰ˼

۳ͷʾһߵԱߵĹ̨ǰ

̨ĻһֱӴ۵Ǹ۵ϰߣ߽ʹӹ̨óõĶհײϻسǱ

۵ͷ£ҪֽԪֽëֽһį̄ҲһףҴȥ־ͺá

ԵȡӦºѸٵذ˵Ķ룬ֽãһһپʮģĨȥͷһپʮľͺá

һôණͲµӦһЩǮҲûжʡ

ֱѸղں鶼˵ˣһºŵȻѺɰҲ˺ҪҪȥˣ´һҳԶٷлʱչˡ

д⡣ۺЦͷҲǺ֪صʱǻڱ˼ҳԷģΪ˼ԵĲ࣬·ͶûԷ¡

֪ʱ򣬳ѾҵĵضˣȥǸǵлԵÿ⡣

Ȼһϣ׬ЩǮպÿԶЩȥúһ١

˵˵ЦЦľ͵ƷǼҲׯ

ɸϻһǲһ̤ţƹľͿˣ첽ӭҿڰǸˣǲ֪⼸ұʹӸʲôʱ򵽻

Щ鵢ˣûϣЦӦĿȴһ߿ϵĳСϣк

ڵƹкʱҲ۸ǷĲ߹ǰ㲼ϻȥСµĴ

߽˺󣬲ѹʣǣ

Ҳûϻظ˵ģЩƹ񡣡

˵ʱĿҲʱʱ߿һۣƹ״Ŀ۸ɨһۣ۸˶࣬Ҫλ¥ϸ̸

Ա۰˰֣ȥɣȥɫϡ

˵СתҪȥȴ֪뵽ʲôͻȻԵӴСһȥɡ

ӳһ£ⲻ̫ðɣ

ʲô̫õģÿ԰ǲ꣬˵ֿƹЦʣƹĲɣ

ƹ˼˽һۣЦȻ⡣

ǳҲûٿ

һͬ¥ƹǰ棬ӴСм䣬۸档  

ûעʱ۷ɿؿ˽һۡ

յɻûסЦ£͵ȥٸ㡣

ۿ֮͸ˣĲĴղžƤӵ£ӲźۼγĳĬƹҲˣ

̲סں󲱾󣬾ЩΣһϸģؾһû

ŶСĻˣ䵽Сȣ۾ûǲҪˡ

¥ºƹĸ˵˲裬ȲʣôʱûӺҿ϶˲ٰɣ

Ҳûж١ǰЩģȻҴţƹһʣȫ˳

һϸӸҶǰɫǳģõĻʲôġ

ƹһȷһӵʱüͷһ壬͵̧ͷֻЩ

⻹٣֪һҪ𣿡ûסƲƲ죬֪ÿһҪ೤ʱ䣬óôƷѾǽʱûôϢĽˡ

Ҳ˼ƹҪ²

۶ϵĲǳǳ˿ڣȻŵȻɾӣʵۼҲ޿ɺǵİɣ

ΪûУƹ̾˿Ҳ̫ߣپرҲӸңҲϸ޲

۸Զһۡ

ƹǶӻֻü£ܲһЩָĶϸ߶ǵṩ϶׬١

üǾýָĻ̫ãҪһҷҪŪĳƷԷ⣬鷳̫ˡ

ڶԸ׬һ㣬Լʲôʲôɶˡ

ֻǽĹҪԼ뷨ûв廰

ڽҲ뵽㣬ҡҡͷЩ֮ĲϻȥһЩõң˰ɡ

ƹһ˼ȷʵȨͷӦҲС

֮ĺֵµˣƹҲģֱӵӸúã۸ȻӦٸᣬԺǶӶʮģҶʮ㣬ǿΣ

ϻǼܹһָ˲٣ȴûӦ£ЦЦո֣Ӷʮģʮġ

ˣƹεȻ˵ˣӦ¾ǣ׬һЩ

˵˼֣ϣǵƷֻṩһҡ

۸һۺ˶ͷ

Ǹƹĺ⣬һĶҲޣûҪȥӺ

Ӧ£ƹЦ˼ٰ֣ӸҶ§һҰѶȥûƸϽڳţٴȥĲϣ¥ҲУͲȥҼˡ

νصͷӦ¡

ƹĽŲʧ¥ݿڣһֱڽû˵ĳþȵĶô󰡣

ҵ뷨ﳣĲ̫һϡѣЦЦСʣСѧѧҽ㡣

ôáӳһ£¥ִ˵ƹĽŲҡȥһ¡

ͷɣǾ˸Ҿǡ

֮ڵƹͬ£ҪĲϸ߶룬ҲѡһƥСĲϡ

ƹ񶼸˱Ƚϵ͵ļ۸

˶Ļϲ¥سӸСǰ棬۸м䣬ƹͷ

¥е㶸¥ʱԼ࣬ҲûֻŽ¡

ߵһʱǰͷĳȴͻȻͣ˽ŲüȰЩ浹ùô

˵ҽ¥

ѾѭĿ⣬ǸóΨֱ֮ˡ
  
һŮӣʮ߰ģһɫȹӣ޼бһ֧״Ĳҡ˵׹ڶߵĺĵŮɫȴ˼ֽޡ  

֮ǰûŮӣȴ֪ΪΣĿһŮӵϣ͸оĳ鴤һ£סԱ¥ݵķֲǿվס

ôˣɫһӱʮֵѿɫǲ԰׵ģæץסĸ첲ʡ

ۻһܲԶ룬Ľ֣û£վϢһ¾ͺá

͸ղһ˲䣬оʲô״롣

һ¾ףӦԭһ˿ŮӣҲ֪˭ˡ

ȴϢõʱҲãƹҲգ˭û˵

ղĶͲһֶȥˣ˭û⵽̸ڼ

ŮӾھ¥ݲԶĵط˵ҲС¥һ

ŮŵӣǶܿǽһš

ظŮӽܣõ֮һѾϻЩˣյҲ࣬Ǵأ֮򵽿ɾͲˡ

Ůӳſϸ˿ĻԥϻӻŷҲֻӣǲʮôôҪʮˣ

Ϊ֮ǰſʼȻЩһĹءȻͱƹĶҪô˵һҲ

Ҳ̫ЩŮ߸ϣҿǮҪ

ϵЦ⼸ɼĵЩܲ廨Ĺ򰡣ϲӸҵķСô࣬˭ǿ⻨Ȼ߲ȥӡ

㡭ŮЩߣȴ᲻÷֡

վһ󣬾ûвˣҲټŮӸƵ̸͵߰ɡ

ղһӣŵ˽Ҳŵòᣬ˵Ҫߣԥû𣿡

ûˣǷİɡЦ¡

ӿһɫȷʵָǣС¥ߣֻÿ߼̲סͷһۡ

ֱ¥ݣһֱûзſ

ƹϰԵҪǳţȥҽ￴һ£֪ղô¡

лϵҡҡͷл

Ȼ˵ƹҲûٶ˵ʲô

ֻԭרĸּۻ۵ŮӣȴǸӦʲôһͻȻתͷصô

Ų֪뵽ʲôۻش𣬾Ϳ첽ߵǰüë˵ǲǸģ

۲ٸκǣô˵棬Ҳֵòÿǹƹ£Ҳ

ʲô¡ŮС

ȻӵĻΪ˵ʱεı飬˾÷С

ȷʵ̸ġ˵ǵƹ

Ůգգۣǲš

ۼû˵ǹµĻĳˡ

ҹŮƺţȥǰͷʣǲǻڹңʵһֱǸģֻûҵᡣ

һ£ֵҡҲǲѡ

֮ǰ¥ֹһôͲµŮ˭

һֱû˵ҲΪ۳˸տʼһ֮⣬ûκܵľٶ

ֻŮԽ˵Խ֣㲻Ϊ۵Ĺϵòܡ

ǰһ۵ǰˣ㵢ʱˡ

˵仰ʱַٶȣҧҲ

Ůض£Ǳŵһ㣬ʵ˭

ҵδɡ˵겻ٿŮӣת߰ɡ

ֻ߳عͷ˵ģͦϲӵģԸƹ˵ҵϸĨͷδĹ

˵ҲŮӵı飬۾ͳ˲ׯ

ۻǵһμôǿƵһ棬ƽܲһȴֱĿɰ

̲סЦЦ

ղŮӣﲻԾԭϧôϲôһÿǺÿ治һΪġ

ڵĸղŵľٶ۲ϲ͵͵۵ʱֻһЦһüԥһûסʵǲǹ

ǰҡҡͷ²ۣԸҲ̫˵㡣

һӾ;µøܣȻ֪ԸܲΪʲôղŻЦôģ

 















24  ڶʮ  ܿɰ





һǵ֪, Ӧ۵ģղۻŮӵ˵δɡԸйصʱǺ׾ͱӰ쵽

ϻ, ֪ܵȥ˵Щ, Ҫ, ʱǾˡ

ȻΪľٶ, ûѹӵĻ, ղŴӲׯ, ̲ס

ŮӵΪֹǰضǴõ, ҪȻô˵

ǡ˵Ļ᲻Ҳмģ

ҵúܣ²ԾһЩ

û, ͻͷȥҡ

Ŀǽ˫, üۣһģ

뵽˸ղŽǾ仰, һŲԱ߿һڽǰͷ

ȻӦֱײ

ԲǸͬʱ, æһ, ȿոײۺ, ˿

ֻǸղײʱǼĴȴӿղӦײ۵š

ɫ΢, ôǰͷ

һûأЦЦ, ղ˭ô·Ͳҳζ

㵹һңۡ

۰ִ˵㣬ñ·ϵײ˵˵ô͵һˣ

һ£űȻǰﲻ̹ΪʲôҪŲ˵۲ͺôᣬ˾˵ᣬҲ֪۵뷨

֮һЩԵϸҲð˳˵ղŮˣһ㷴ӦûУǲ˵ۿҲûô⣿

⵲·Ҳǿ£˵ôӦǲʧİɣ

ǰϸڶ֮󣬽ɶˣɨ۽ˣǰͷǣÿһתͷ͵ӣ̧̧°͵˶಻㣬Ȼȥٸ˵

аɣʼ磬ȥҲҪ˵

ʲô£ʶֿһ㡣

۹°ͣ롭Ҫ˵Ӧͬһ¡

˵Ը¶𾪵ı飬һӵ߿㣬ӺлŸ˵

ղڲׯŮӵ£ȷʵ½黳һֱ˵Ķ

ںֹһ֮󣬽ɫûʲô쳣ˣŴСͣԭ۸ŵ첻ôҪȥӻЩɫֽɺչȥҪҪҲȥ㣿

۳һ£ͷӦһɡ

ȻԽԭ壬ҲϰףͲ֮ܡ

ɫֽ󣬳ӶͶˣ۸ȴֻǸտ˸ͷһ£ӸСҲûʲôҪһȥ䡣

Ҫһ˳ԷȻٲҪЩˡ

ǡ꼴⼸Ҳ࣬۲󳦣㡣

֮ȥЩĶȰҪĶ˵ı¨Ѿװˡ

Ȼȥ廹г·ʱ·и̫̫У߲·ˡ

ۼСƳγεģһһСëʵɰס£һЩݼҵԵøϢҲҪ˼

Ŀһһۺ۾ǰʼۣ⼦ô

Ǯһֻ

Ҫȥеֶһ£Ǯһֻļ𣬶ǼһǮһ۱ԤеĴһЩ

ѾǺʵݵļ۸ˣץһֻСǰ˵࣬СѾιʮ죬ʣµȫǽ׳ģȥֻҪι׾  

۸ûⷽľ飬˭ҲշСιСӦʲôģ

иḻĳڣĿתӡ

ЦǰСһһֵ˵࣬ų۵ͷʾû˵ѡ

һ££ҲʮֻУɴȫ

ĴҲɴ࣬ǸҲһ͸ۡ

ͭ󣬽ŽӹӣϲϲŲԸ֡

ʵ˵ˣҲͬûϲϾʮֻЩĵһһȺ

˼УζҪ˶þмԣʱټ;á

̲סڽϾͿʼۣȻȥҪѼзҪιЩʲô

ӿžοͬʱǼҺԺͦĿյôСžͺܺã´ӣԼȥӵ˯

۸ղСǹǷǰԺζӵĽ󣬾ȷʵǸ÷æӦ£ֵл

ӵ˵ͷֵиղ׵ʱҾ˵Ҫǲ۵ĻڴԼϱһЩñôԶ·˼УȼٳһЩ׿ҲҶι

۸ܶ־ḻЩġ

ȥǻϵ·ϣͶΧڳӵߣһЩӦҪ顣

һֱ·Ѳ˶ò࣬ؼҵ·ϣ˲ڳ·ĲϴвŻ˱Ļ⡣

ѽ磬һ˳Ѿ۱ãѳԷʱ䶨ϡ

ΪҪʼ׼ϵĲˣ۸ҲŪ鷳ĶˣպýЩ棬۾ýˮ棬ԼϴЩû͸ǵˣȻĩ˰ԡ

˵ϵġˡʱ˵ҪȻٸ˵кòȥ̨ϳĩʱʶջĽ֮ǰϲ˵Ļڿ˵𣿡

ôʣ㶣üۡ

·һֱҪ˵Ļֻһؼ˾ͽŪԵģû˵ۻôطֱʳ

룬о̸ȷʵЩ̫ʽǾ͵ȳ극˵ɡ

ˣȻˣ˵ɡƲƲ죬ʼ֯ԡ

ֻ̻ĵطʲô˵оҳϻعңС´˵ף˵һЩŮӵ¡

ô˵ģ

˵ˣеóԵĶҪŮ͹ȥҪ飬ҲΪгһӣŵӵĻظһ飬˵ǴˮҲΪŮ˻飬벻Ѱ̼

˵֮ԼûסҡҡͷʧЦ˵ǰдɵĿܣѰ̼ǸƵЦΪƾ۵˽⣬Ѱ̼£Ͳܸ۴ϱߡ

˵һˣҾ͵ǶҵĿ佱ˣеʲôöҪŮ͹ȥЦŵȻʧȥһּ䣬ʹ·һЩص飬֤ҿ϶ûϹ

ͷʾȫţҲ˵ۿ϶ƭǳ·ԵҲֵŷġ

гҪ飬͸޻̸֮ˣۼʱ򣬱ȥԺʶֵģʱ򶼻û˶»Լ

һ£ֵˮǴΣ͸ˣ㿴ǻѰ̼𣿡˵ʱüŽĻش

æҴûлɹ

ص˵ͷʲô֪һ

УӦ൱Ŀ죬ȴǶһ£Ƴһ۵͸ղŴӲׯǲŮӣ˵ǾˣЦôġ

£Ƭ̣ܰʱ²ۡ

֪²ʲô˼۵Ҳ³ӦòʲôõĴҲɻһ£ǻ֮ǰӦʱ򡣡

ˣʧЦɵϣʱ㡣

롭ʲôƤ˼ֱ׳ؿۣʱ򲻾Աô

֮ǰڲׯǰӣЦЦۣܿɰ

䡯һ£ĻյʵƵЩ̣ͷû˵

ãõ۰涼ãһȥݳԷϵʱ˵ҲлҪ˵û˵ء  

ҲǹŮӵ£۰Ϸ£ԶǰΣӰѻ˻ȥһ𣬾ͶѾԺǣûκιϵ

ԣۼԺҪΪ˵飬ӰԼҲŬ˼ġ

ۿʼ˵ʱ򣬾ס˺ѻȫ˵꣬޹ġòŻͷá

˵꣬Ҳһ£кϽԷɣ涼ˡ

˳Էʱ򣬶ûʳԵĹأ۳˼ں󣬾ʣˣ֮ǰڲׯǲСѧ嶫

ҲǺڶ¥ƹȥ֮󣬽С벻ѧ۲׵ġ
  
šͷֻǺӸļ۸ԥˡ

ۿ⣬ϾһѧᣬȻС˵ǺİܣӦģ¼ҪнҲʹˣԳӵԸ񣬿϶Ҫ´

һۻǲ̫ף֮ǰʱôһ۾Ϳ˳ӵ뷨

˵°ͣΪԵõ˵ҿһ۾֪

ϸģûס̾˿ôûЦΪĳЩأ

ҧŴһۣ֪ⲻһ

 














25  ڶʮ  ǶҪ  




緹ϴ, ѵʱϢһ¡

ſһͻȻ£ѽʣµǮȫ˳, һͭһͭ档

ʵȥ֮ǰ, ֻʣʮǮ, ׬ĸȥҲ, ΢һ¾֪ࡣ

ܾĽгɾ͸С

˵, Ҳ, һ²ĵһԱζȻؿš

۰һͭŽǮͬʱ, ̧ͷԽһʮģһǮӡ

ǰ˰ʮģһˡ

ˣЦʣӦûİ, ҪҪһˣ

ǲˡҡҡͷ, ԼǮ˵Ǹ˰ãǮҪĻ, ǾЩˣҲ·

ȻڵƷչȥҪ˶˵ǮͻһҵǮҲӦǽǮǡ

һ, ۷ǳԾ

Ǯ˻, 뵽ʲô, ֶԽٸһɰɣһġ

˵ǸǮ, ֿװ, ٶľƽáҲС

΢ȣ۵һһ޲ʾΪԺ㣬оܰġ

ûǮӣǻȥ˸ɰ

˵ȳԺԸܼң϶ãڵĻʱ  

***

ҪһҳԷûûƵģ϶ܰʱŪ̫

˻δʱ۾Ϳʼ׼ҪԵĲˡ

֮ǰ˵ʱϵĲƷġ

һ˸⣬һƶ㣬һ㣬һ˳ʳٳˡ

Ȼ಻࣬Ūһ㣬ټӳ¼һڣҲ͹ˡ

˸أѾܹ֣ƶҲ򵥣ΨһѴǷʱ䡣

Žв˸ɸƬʱ۾Ͱûȥζϴɾò񵶶С飬øȥԼȥʳ

ôеʱ䣬ԽʢһٷˣҲ൱ġ

ֻʣһûʱ۹ȥڰѳ´˹ﳴһˡ

ԷӾͰſڣ·ỹԺӵʲôóԵģڸھŵζˡ

ϣԼ۷ų´

˶ǽ֮ǰ˳ڷŵģһ£۾ͷ˽ϸ֮

õźͲ˸ڳ´Ǹ򣬷ʳ·ᣬӸСǼһЩԼλǰ滹һЩյأպÿ԰һˡ

´ɨһϵĲ˺󣬾üͬԼԶٷͺãαŪôţ׬ǮҲףǽǶһһģǮҲöһЩΪԺ㡣

ʱպö˴´Ļ֪ˣЦŽ͵ⶼ׬ǮģԴöҲڸƷǮȫ˵ġ

´ЩȵؿһۣǶ֪ڸ飬ҲһֱΪ벻̫ߣ˼ǻԵӡ

´һ£Ϊض۵Ȼ׬õǶ໨ЩҲ޷ֻǵüסҪΪԺ㡣

۵˵ͷӦ¡

³Էʱ򣬳·ųһڷʳ̲סޣóԣϴҲܸɾ

һۣϴġ

û˵ϴʳʱۣ²ŽҪʡŻǮĳ´ٴν

һٷԵñȫԱ֮ɫѾĻ˲ɫɴ¼ҲûŻȥſڸ졣

´￴۽Сѧ廨£ӻ͸˵ˡ

šһʾۣҲתͷţֻг·Ǽ߷ʳȻһ֪ġ

Ըĸ֣´ֵ뻹ٵȵȣȵ죬СҲ΢ٶʱĻˣҲܶЩС

һ£Ц˵ʱСӳˣС꾭ܣҲһЩ

ǸɾѾ㹻ˣ´ƫƫҪ˵׵£ɿ۽⿴һۣ΢ȵĵ

ϳ´Ƕȥ󣬽һʰŵСһֱͦõģ´ô˵ʱԼ㶫ǮΪҪС굢ʱ䡣

ҲϾǾôһأֵҲԼҪԵĶڵʱ䶼٣͸˵ˡ

˸ķ򣬶û׵¡

ת۵죬ǰһʼϸ꣬˿˿

ſڣűŵɽҲͬյһƵ

ûٹԭļ䣬ȻҲǵԭҵ

ƽ֪ľȥʳ·᲻ͬضڴ˵£ǵãЩ֪Ҫô·Ὺڡ

ɫֽ´ӳ¼һʱ򣬾Ϳ۴żϣüͷ´Ұֽ¼ˣҪȥɽļƷ㶼Ūû·˵Ͻ׼ãȻһߡ

˫һһȥ

ǰղ´˵ؾԱߣһȥ·Ҳа顣

żҶ׼ˣװ¨ͿԳҲȥ·ɣɽҪȼ䣬Ȼš

Ҳȥסˡ

㲻ȥ

ǣæǡо̫ʣǲǻû

û˵ĻʲôݺԣʧЦҪȥģ͵ǰϰˡ

ŶӦһתȥ·û߳ͬͬţĻиղڳ¼ҹۼǹɻ龢

ʱ򣬳һҿ۴ŽҲ⣬Ӧˡ

۲ûԭļ䣬룬ҲѲ˻ǻ

ڳ¼һҲ·ߵģСһ·ߴߴģ˵ŵɨĹҪó·ȥժ࣬Ҳ˵ȻҪȥתһȦҰӳûС

˵ĸоݣȥݷһѹʵѡ  

յĸȾ£۸Ҳɲ١

ȵ˷صأֱָ۸ȫû۵ĵ֣ɽҲص

ȼɨ֮󣬳·ᱻСߣųȥӣԭؾֻʣ۸ˡ  

һۺ۵ҪҲȥתת

ϸѾͣˣʪ£ɽż˵ȴΪɽ£һܿüˡ

ðЦŵͷǵĿʲô

СҪҲ࣬ҪӣǵĻ

ֻҪõģǶҪ

ʧЦûôϡ

 

















26  ڶʮ  㲻 





ȴ൱, ǰͷﻹŸӣÿ߼ͻ·֦ôһ, Ҷϵˮ, ճȿϡ

ǰڼȻü, ûɽﴩľ, , ʲô˺档

۶Զֲﶼʶ, ֮󣬿ȤĶͻعͷȥһ

ߵһбϵʱ, ۵ĿⱻһóҶפ۲Ƭ̺ߵԣľһ֦, ժ˿ҶĶݸ, 

õֲŷ⼸ƬҶЩʺɫˮʸ, ȾѪ񣬸ҶӺܲһɻʲô

С·ҪȥҵĲࡣ۵

һƬС, 涼, ûʲô, ͽ

һҧȥÿһ, ס̧ۿۣĶҲ, Ҳǡ

ϲ˰ɡЦЩǷᡣ

æתȥĶ¸ɾˣſߵСȥҵĶ

ǣΪ֤ԼûƭˣҲ˺һСŽɬ죬ֺɫĲóԣҪְɫ߰͸ģζе𡣡

ģԱɵ̬ȡ

ƭ㣬۵ȳóٸ㡣

ŵ˵ͷ

бãɽߵһˣҲժ˲٣ۿԽԽܣԭϡϡ䳤ŵͲҲˣû¼á

ϸһû֮ЩţҪǻȥɡ

£룬쵽ǰڣµġ

ǰƣԥһ£ͰԼָȥڻɽҰģҲû˲ô

һ·۲ûôˣַſ˳·Ἰ䡣

شֻɽȵĻ

ˣԼȥ۲ص

֮ŽһȦһߣкãҲĻ·

ߵĲʱ·Ҳû˵ʲô

ű㱻بڲԶɽµסȥ·۲ɵˣԭļƻӦҪɽǸ򴩹һȦܻصͨ·
  
Ҫȹȥ˵С·Դ洩Ҳ̫߻ͷ·ߣӦҲߵҪλá

۳һ£ͷӦС

ɫ磬ǽҲʱ䡣

Яּɽµķߣھµ׻һξʱΧֲͿʼ仯Щߴľ𽥱ľȡҲÿ

Ǳһ¡

˶Щ⣬ֱӷſ۵֣첽ǰ˼ȥɡ

áӦţȴԾһԴԵֲ

ϸܿͷ쳣ôˣ

Һ񿴵˲

ɨۣûа

ժͲָָµĹľ͵ǿҶֲ

Ȼ˵ǿ񣬵СͽӴҶľһԴԴ̵Ĺľǲˡ

ɵɴ˫ۣ߽ȥ

д⣬˵ͷ˼ܵģߵǿŲǰ

ͣ£۾Ƭѿ£ݿҶ֮΢ɬζ֮󣬴ðǹɵظʣһϲ

ҶǱеĻҪһЩ

Ҳѧ۵ĶժһƬ£ֻǸҧƣ̲סȥ˳ҪժЩȥ𣿡

šۿ϶ص˵ͷһֻȹβ裬һȥׯƹ̸µʱڲׯĶ¥ƹǸһ衣һȥ̸д£ʱв裬ƾָһоǸ̸۸ǻأۺȹǶҵһ衣

֮⣬ԼңǸڳ¼ңǺȵİ׿ˮϱҲֻǸǸһˮ

ȹزׯƹƸģҲǺܴεĴֲ裬ֻȵһǱȽϺõģҲ۴ԽǰϼҲЩ衣

ʱõĲҶӦҲǱȽϹصĶû뵽ǣסɽ棬Ȼͳв

۸֪ҶļֵֻǿǵҲ࣬ǡǲ֪Ҫô

۶˶٣м𣬾Ϳʼүү̳裬ȵ߰꣬ͿʼѧһЩ򵥵Ĺ

ȺүүԽԽֽûǰܶͶ˵ʮ꣬Ѿһֺò衣

ֻҪô˵أ

ѵҪ˵εģ˵￴ģˣ͸ʵˣˣʶǳֻʶ֣￴ֻ϶ƭ

۳Ƭ̣ſŽ˵һᣬ𣿡

ؿãɫ䣬󻺻صͷš

ۿıӾعƽΪʲôô

档ҡҡͷʵϸϺܶ鶼ôֻΪϣʶغˡ

˵˿еһӱڿֿɿˣΪʲôôණ顢дЩδδŵĲˡ

͵رҶһᣬ𰸱֮ˡ

㲻𣿡۴ӽı֪ӦǲµһЩ顣

ҡҡͷ¡

֪Գ¼Ҷ۵˽⣬˿϶ԭǸֻǲɸҲãͨҲգǰһ

㹻ˡ

˶٣̧ͷֱ۵۾һңȻҲʡ

Ȼȷʵ֪۵һУԸ֪ЩѾˡ

͵͵˿ҴӦ㣬һ˵ˣһ㡣

ֽ׶Σȷʵûȫ˵׼

һ˯ʱ֮⣬һ͵Ĺᷢ쳣ǽһϸġ

Ȼ΢һᣬͰ֮ǰԵ鶼

ôǺõģԸһоͶðˡ

нڻڵĻԺܶҲҪڡ

۵ĳŵϲҲãڿժҶ𣿡

~ûסڽıǼһ£ֿϵҶֻժһѿһҶ

ժ˼Ƭ󣬲ſʼȥժ

ɽµĲ٣ִű¨װֻһѿһҶժʵûһֱûͣժδʱҲժ

뵽ȥ軹Ҫʱ䣬ͽסĽȵɣǻȥȰѲҶݳĲΣõĻ

ҲеҶֶ˳Ƶ֮⣬ҶƷֺйأûݳɲ֮ǰӦúѶ϶ҶĺûѸٵժ˼ƬҶӶ¨Ȼŵ˵ͷӦ¡

ժҶ˲ٵĹҲˣҲһȦȥ𴦿ʵʵشԭ·ء

ʱɽɨĹ˶Ѿȥ۸ֶһϤĵ·Ͷֻŵͷǰߡ
  
·һôµʱͻȻ˵ȥˣôŻؼҡ

̧ͷ˵ߣ壬ôϣ

һֻҰղűǾˡ

˵ı¨üǾȻܹȥˣ   












27  ڶʮ  Ҷ






£, ۲ԾʼԲĳЩִ˵

ʱͰ¨ĶףԾб۾Ƴۣ㱳¨Ҷѿ, ˹, ֻɽ, ˵ȥˣ

ûСҡҡͷ, , һ, ȻбĵطҲŲҶ

ǾˣȰ, Ȼ˴ˣȷʵЩŹ֣Ժȥתƣǻȥ, Ҫǰô죿

֪ˡ۲ĵӦ, ȴţ֮ȥʱ, ŵͺˡ

Ҳ֪ûķܣֻͬĳǸ꺺ӣҲ㹻, ǸϽȥ԰, ʱˡ

˵ֹ˵ժôѿҪʲô



ۻûļش, ͵ѿЩԵġ

ϧؿ˶һۣҵĲ˳ö, ͷӸһӹȥ

㶣Ӳصлл塣  

˸ֿ, һξ룬̲סһۣͬʱʧЦ

ȻѾ˿ˣ²ҶⶫҪģȻõĽ취Ͼ۴СڴﳤĶ˶д֮⣬ӦǴҲģͻȻժôѿȥױ˻ɡ

ͬҶ֪ϼںԶĵط֪һЩ˲֪ĶҲ

ֻ˶ûϵǸģ˵ҪҶü˸Ͳˡ

Ƭ̣չһȷϴķ򿴲ˣѸٵ޶һҶѱ¨ͷ˸ʵʵ

ԺȥժҶʱҪöűȽϺá۽ŶʱˣӦòˣʵĲҶʹڿҲҪͨ͸ţûҶ档

ժҶվţɽժʱãȵҺˮЪ˻ǹɲĸоͳˡ

ҲֻƬ̣ȥˡ

ۿߵſʱĶЩۣû취ҶժøϽ̯ȫһƻˡ

֮ǰ֪ժҶҪõĹҲû׼ЩҲȥõŵҳǡ

ҪõĹﳴ˵ĹϴΣϴɾǿҲá

оǺ決ҪõĻ¯

ֻڼҵһݽʹõĻͶҪĸ

赹˵ĻֱڵգҲأõĻջֻݽȴûпĶ

룬ߵſڶԽȥ˳ң㶫

ãڳ˵ĽͷҪһ㣬Ͼͺˡ

ڳ¼ҵʱ򣬳˵ҪЩ⣬ʱʲô

ҪЩۼѽڡ

ȥСðɣǽҪģ´ʹϳӵ׷ʣۣҪµĻǾɵģ

ۣµģ  

Уʱ·һЩڼţɹõ˵ʱȥӵ

۵ǸɴҼɡ

죬뵽ղų´Ļûٶʣֻɡ

ĸҴģŻϺ࣬һ̯һĲҶ

ӳ¼ҳʱ۶˵˵Ҫôʲô

Ųһ£˳´Ļش𣺡ǵϻҸЩʲôԱ̽ô࣬˼в֪ӪԸС廨Ѿռˡ

Ҿͺһ¡

Աûȥ

ؼҴҴҳ緹Ѻ決ĺһ𣬵ȰѺȫ֮̿󣬲ŰջĹ

һֱԱ߹۲ĶƵĴСһСİѻմ˻СӰ쵽۳衣

ʵԼҲüûˣٴеģûסЦţ˵һˣٵҶв١

Ҳ֪ǲѻԭ򣬵һȻͷˣĲҶȻɫеİɫѿϵİ׺ȴûˡ

룬ûһ決

Ҳûʲô

ȵڶʱܸ׼ÿʱĻ϶ûͣͬʱѽӼĻơ

سĲҶҶͬʧȥ󣬵ѿϵİ׺ɼϲˡ

һֱűߣûõҶϸֻ۵ıµڶӦñȵһá

һĲҶ۷ʮһʱѾ쵽ʱ

ŸҶֿ̯ĵһСʣǵһĳˣ

Ҳ㳴۵ƷһЩȺ֮ݸ㳢֪

̯Ĺ˴ҴŪ˶ˣϢҶҲѾлس

ֿʼҶж棬ʱҲտʼͣطֻԱ߿ŻÿһҷһξͿԡ

ˮֵĳԭ껹ʣ¿ҵĲҶֻʣ¹Ʋһ롣

ƮƮһѣôô٣

ʧЦ⻹յĳƷٸһ£١

۰Ͱ͵ؿŲҶЩۡ

ʧЦó׼õչޣѺõĲҶŽȥҹ⾭һϵʱҶտˮֻس

һ;ͻôһ޲Ҷ۾ôϣһ£Ǳȥ׵źòŰġ

֮˳컹ûȫڣϽˮϴ

һվɴϺͷ˯ٴʱѾ

ƺ˵ȣҪĳ嶯

ŵǸչޣǿϾҿһ죬Ǻ֪ԼͶɹΡ

һţͿűſ廨Ļƣ˫صˣȥϴɣѾ緹ˡ

ۣ

֪ΪʲôͻȻͶԼ˻ɡ

˰죬̽ʵᣬȲʹ𣿡
  
ãֻժҶʱվһһֱջϢˣһֱڳ衣

ȻʵﻹЩԽܣ԰Ѷճ̣Ҫ֪öһ˵Ĵ

Ƭֲ̣Һ֪ĲҶζΣԱȽ˷ܡ

۾ǲҪ˵ˣĬĬȥϴ

ʱ򣬽Ѿѷ˶ϰںã򵥵İһС̲ˣһһ嵰

۴ﱧװչޣСĵذѲҶȫ˽

ʸӲȫȥָһΣҶгָ

ʱĲյĳɲ裬ץ˵㣬͵ǰſζΡ

һ㡣

ǵŲҶж٣ȥѳóһ¡

ʧЦûֹ

ȳƹչޣٰչ޸ҶһƣƳҶֻоһ㣬һ

Ʋ죬ĺ١

㵽žֻôƷ߰ɣյˮһһ¡

˵ץһűȫװչܷⱣ棬ˮտƬ̣ŵŲҶı

ˮսûҶͣ˼ˮĶֽڱϡ

ԼĪӺÿڱϵֽѱĲˮٷֱ㵹һڽǰΡ

ŲҶʱ򣬾۶գؿţֱˮݺãȲضᴵºǳǳһڣϲúȣ

ҲʣµǱۣʻɫս˿ŵζ

һڣֻζŨζ

˻ذһ趼Ȳʣǽ컹ȥժҶ𣿡

ԲҶ˽⣬ǽζƷĲ裬ضһüǮŶŪһЩ

첻ȥˣ۵һƬժˣٳȽϺá

˾ɣ͵µ¾ôҪҶʱ䣬Ļ

ǹµ⣬ɽ滹еطҲŲҶ

 












28  ڶʮ  Ҿֱɹ¼ҹ 




뵽Ļ, ȻҲ뵽൱Ĵ󵨣²ؿ, 岻˵ɽﻹбĵطҲô, ǿȥժ

Խ˵ԽǸ, Ѻ鶼ź, ȥɽժ, µҲͳ, ʱֿԻժѭ, пյʱ򡣡

ָڽĶͷϵ£εص˵ĿɽͷͲǻİ߰

ᶶ£صڰɣ

ôͲ, Ҳ֪˭, ڹǸ;úˣб˽һ, ̾˿˵ˣҪǱϻʲôĵˣҾֱɹ¼ҹˡ

һ, ʲô¼ҹ, 㲻ô˵

㲻ȥɽ, ҾͲ˵ʼ硣

˵Ҫô죿̹Ե֪ɽвҶ, ȴֲȥժ᲻á

ǿȥժҲͬ᲻, ֻǵø˵״Ƕ˸ǿũˣϸժ裬Ͱ裬м䶼ûͣЪģӣ쵹ãʱһã۲ˡ

Ȼ֪ҶļǮҪ˽ĻͻˣϾҽޣһСǴա

ȥժԳãŵ⡭׵𣿡

ûлش𣬷Цһ⣬㿴ҳôҶѧ𣿡

룬ҡͷȻԼ㹻ţڼҲϸʲôʱʲô¶ȣһЩСϸҲûǺ֪֪֮е̣ҪԼȥĻ

ⲻ͵ˡְ̯̯֣մӳ¼ʱſ´ӵǷԻ˵ˡ

˼Ƭ̺󣬵ͷǾȥʳƴǡ

˵ȵͳ·ӵ˲ŹȥѲһȦ󣬼ԺҲûб˺󣬾ֱ˵⣬æ¡

ʲô£˵ػǳ´

ҹΪɽժЩҶӻҪɹ۵ͽһ£ŪЩȥæȥɽժҶӣժҶ۽Ǯ  

٣ҶôҪһ֣ÿɽ޶һ¨ǣõʲôǮǮġ·͵

ܸɣ´תۣҪҶӣôժ

ۻص͹µְԣֻժճһƬҶӲһѿ  

·죬ĬĬƿۡ

Աûס٩Ҫȥ޶һ¨𣿡

Ƕ֪һֱĬĳԵСʱ𣬹ǵ¾ͳУ˵ɽȥиࡣ

ǻʱˣҲ˵ɽС۵

Ĭһ£ŵʵ˵ɽֻȴûɽߣЩطҲȥ

ǡЩʧΪ˵ɽҲӦ֪֮ǰ˵ǻҲŽû뵽嶼ȥ

Сӣ´˼ҪҪҶӵĻͽһȥСɽԣڵ»Σա

۶˶٣Ҳô֪

㵹ԷģǸصסģ´˵ϱô㲻˵ժҶ۽ǮֻҪǮѽϱܸصģô֪һš

㶺ͻȻǰô֪Ҷ飬æժҶĳһҾ͸ǡ

˲֪ЩҶʲôһʱӰ첻

һȴȷģǾԸ⻨ǮЩҶӡ

ɽôҶӣȻȥժȻҲȥժժգϾһģֻܲģǸġ

ǴҶ֪ģͲ˵ˣɽͷһȥˣдѵ˸Ҹȥ˵Ǿ仰һģΣյĻ֮ܲɣ

Ҳһ۶ʱɶˣԳ´Ǳߣæ溰

´صͷţȥɻʱСȥ˵һ

лˡĵȻϵ´¹Ȼǵ൱ܵ
  
ʱϱӵʱ򣬹Ȼ˴˵ĺ棬ȻֳôҲע⣬ֱӹս˳¼ҡ

۴Ժ￴ҲŽ˹ȥ

žʳ´ӣҪǣ

ǣ´̧̧°ָͣŸսŵۣСǡ

ǸʲôϵЦ΢Щ

ģ۵Ҵɽʱ壬忴ժЩҶӣ˵Ҷӳ˹⣬ɽҲС

šӵ˵ͷȥͰ¸˵ˣȥ￳Ӳ˸͹ȥأ֪ܲ

ȥժҶӣ۵֮ǰ忴ժһѿһҶֻժϸ磬ժҰʮǮһǮ

Ǯ۸˵ģ˶ģɱǲҶļֵ˵ʲô㹻˵ţժҶĳһҾ͸װ˵ȥ

ʱǾͰѼ۸һ˵ˣȻһʼ¼˾ü۸̫ЩǱ۸˵ˡ

ȴһ۸ֱӾŴ죬ŵҪʲôôߵļ۸񡣡

ЦЦûлشʲôֻⶫժɨĹ󣬸һֱժδʱҲժ಻˵ˣҲֻ˵ɽﳤУȴֲ֪ںδûΣգֵۡ

ǣΪص˵ͷ棬Ǽ֮⣬û˭ɽܡ

Ը͵ЦЦ

ȴͷƬɽȸҲûʲôΣգȥһҵõ

ͷһۡ

۸ЦЦ˶װû

Ƭ̺뵽ʲôֵһҪ˵һ£ⶼˣʹֻϸɽȥժҶӣҲ͵ǰ죬ʱҪڲա

û£ЦŵҲҪ⼸յģһ꣬ͲҪˡ

Ǿͺá

ú󣬵ڶһŸʹӲҪȥĳ·ɽһֱʱ˲Ż

Ȼɻ˶ؼˣ˻ֱӴӺɽģÿ˱¨涼һҶ

СǺ󣬾ųȥ˸ڡ

һ¨ĳƹȥ࣬һ㣬·һ٣ֻв

ǽ컨ʱ컹һЩժ壬Ҳ͸ٶȲࡣ

Ҳ⣬ǴԽǰСժ˲Ҷ֪ôժٶ죬廨ϵĹԲ˵

Գ˵Ҳ׬òˣժٵĳ·ᣬҲʮǮŻ˰ĹҪ֪ػһҲͶʮĶѡ

˶ȥɡ

ǰƣǮںǮ

·Ỷϲϲؽӹǰɪһ¡

ȴǳһ£ǼǮҪǲĻҵҲ޷

Цµģǰʱ˻׬Ǯá

Ҳ˵ģȻ˲Ҷ·׬ǮͲţҪóǶ֪Ⱥ֪ǼǮˣȫҶⷽ롣

תͷһۣ·ֱ߹۵ļ򣬳ܵ

ֱ֮ǰ죬ǲͣ¸ɽȥժҶʱۼﳴõĲҶѾװ˼չޣԼչ޲ãȥҽ˼װ

ÿճõĲҶ۸ƣټǰǰܹʮĽࡣ

ǮǮҲȫˣ֮ǰҪǮӡģҲֻʣ¼ʮġ

 
















29  ڶʮ  ҷɺϲ 





Ҷ, һôȥ

ŵһչޣʵҪѲҶϵĲ¥ȥ𣿡

ٵȵȿڲҶҪôȥͿǹ

ͽ϶̫˽, ֪ǼȽĲ¥ҪҶ, ӻ̻һЩǮ˼ӦҲ, ֻǿ϶޷һʮ, ǲҶƷʺܸ, ӻ, ضӦеļǮ

Ƭ̺ŵȥ, ⼸ճȥͬʱ˳Ҷȥ͸ƹǶҡ

룿һͨ

۵˵ͷʾ϶

, ӴһЩ, ֻнƷǼҲׯƹԼĶҡ  

ׯƹۼûǹ, Ϊһ۾Ϳƹڶ¥Ų裬Ϊ̸ʱҪѣͲǰʿ

Ķͬ

һҪԭ, Ķ, Ҳ֮ǰҪ۵Ǹ, ֮ǰʱǸµķɡ

гôļҵȴɴ, Լڱ£֪ⳣǱߵļҵ˵ֻ

Լʵ޵ʱ, ۸ϲǿһЩ˴򽻵˼ҶǵҶĵĿԻСһЩ

ʱӴ֮ǰ£Ǻɣƹƣ۵ĸоʮֵɡ

ⳣֻԸæǣҶĻ϶ԼûͷûԵȥ·Ҫõöࡣ

ԷԸĻҲʲô͵Ҷȥ͵ѵʱⳣȥĸл

ȥŪӣʱװҶĶ

ԣͷǰó·ӣӦõˣȥûȻ㰴ǸӵĴСӡ

·ӱȰƴ˶٣װҶȴ൱£ִֹƷˣҲ䡣

û˰ѹװҶɽչӵĴСӡ

ֽذܶú󣬳һ£ֻЩʱӵһ˶ӰѹӰǶϵõڹӵĶˣȾ£ֵš

ƬҶģӽǣ¶룬ˡ

ҲÿҲòҪ̫ߵĺá

ڶһ磬۾ͰѳõԼӺң޲Ҷһװ¨ȥϡ

ٳǰԲʽ治һȥ

·ҡҡͷ˸ڡ

ʮΪЩҶ˺ò״µһǮ˲˵廨ҲֻܳŪһ£ȥǮӸܹû

ڲҶȥ֮ǰҪ߶ЩǮڼŰġ  

̾˿½ͷô࣬һжأٲõһ¹꣬дȥǮô

֪ġɵصͷȴûûҪı⡣

صϺȥ˲ׯ

ƹļôûƷȴû̲ס׷ʵô⼸

ũ࣬û̫еʱ嶫˸ڡ

ƹ죬û׷ʣϾũ¹ϵһջȻý嶫ȸũ϶׬ö࣬Ҳ֪˶Եׯж࿴ء

Ʒ󲿷ֶǱȽϸߵģЩߵüĹټҷ˸СȻ

Ƿǳˬظ۽Ǯ»һҪЩ

Ӧ£ûôϡЩֹ۾ӣȼЩʱ򣬾Ͳý塣

ȥ۽֮Ÿ˵ƹģǻӭֱӵˣƹˡ

ңɻ

ǣ롣˵Ű۴ȥصǸСݣԵƬ̣ȥ֪ͨƹġ

Щ²׼ΪʲôǻƵıƺǻ£

뿪ûã˽Ų˵ġ

ǮƹŽˡ

ǮƹǽְɡЩϰߵصʮģﲻǸĺӣҲͰˣǮƹͿˣҲۿܲ

УҾͲˣǮƹˬصģʵҪĲңǶҡ

һ£ˣǸʲô

ǮƹǸãȻı飬֪ˣЦŽ͵û˵Ҫһλң¼Ǹ

ۻȻԭⳣ֡ҪĻҲã룬պԵлǵͷ·

ǮƹǸ֮ǰԸǣһˣȥ֪ͨҪȻˡ

¡ҡҡͷʾ⡣

һȾ͵˿ʱˮǮƹȥԺ

ΪȥϴμǸǸ䣬ȴǮƹһͤ

ʱ԰︴յʱ򣬼ûǧ죬۵ɫҲá

۲̤ͤ棬ⳣ־ǰɣõˡ

СҲûҪۻһ񣬡ﶼһ

ɡⳣֳͤмʯ˸Ķ

۰ѱ¨ȡߣ֮ǰ£СӻûлĶ顣

һС¶ѣһᡣⳣֲذ˰֡

仰ȥˣûҪΪʲôļ

ĥһ£ֹ۲һⳣֵɫֱʵ֪к£

ⳣֶһ£ŵҿдǱҷɺϲ

һ²ŷӦӦþǱǸĻǫС׾ܵϲҡ

дúܺãⳣֲ֪뵽ʲôԶҪڼ￴ĻҾ֪ҷΪҡ

˵ԳЦ£û˵ȥ

۾أûӻûʡ

ÿ˶ԼĹ¡

Ƭ̣ⳣֲּʵҷɣ£ҪȻܹ

СӵžǡЦ£Ȼԭ֪ϲĻҪľ͹š

Ӧ˵ڷæ֮ǰȼһ档

ȴڼⳣֲ˵۱ɴó׼õĲҶ͵ⳣǰ֮ǰңһֱûҵл֮ǰС׼һҶǮƹתģ¸պãͲ鷳ˡ

Ҷⳣü

۵ͷСԼģζԡ

ⳣȻ᳴裿

ҵ˴ڹһЩ顣۵

ⳣֿһ˵ѣû׷ʣֻȻô˵ˣǵȻøҷɳպð衣

˵꣬ͤʣʲôҪҳ

ⳣȥˣæˣ

Ҳ˵ķ˸񣬵̧ͷǸʱЩ⡣

̶ʮûǸüĿ˿ʧ˵Ǹݹ

֮ǰⳣû˵Ļȷʵǽһ׮ᡣ

ⳣֵ۴ЩҶ˵Ҫ͸ǳ

𣿡ھȥݼ͹

µλĻ˰ˮ͹Ҹݡ
  
 














30  ʮ  ҪǮˣ  






ðرˬӦ, žתȥ̿ߡ

ʣ۸ⳣͤ۵Сۡ

۶ⳣ̽󲱾͵ͬķݳĲζҲвǳõĿڸС

ⳣֻͷ, ûнӻ

ҲͲ˵

ֱúɴ, ͤ͵ղ»Ծ

͵͵˿, ܲⳣֶû, ⸱̬, ߺ, ûпֺҷɰ

Ƭ̺˰ں̿ߺ˳ͤӣⳣԱ, ۳ķ򣬡ʵǮƹ£һ֮⡣

˵ɿԱߵⳣּ֣о˵˵ϻǸ¡

뵽ʲô, һ

, ǸǸĻЩһ˶ٱ˵۲, ʵҲشɾԼ˵ˣһ߱

ôࣿľˣղɵ, ͲµӦһЩ, öҲ屾, û֮߱ࡣ

Ҫ֪ÿһͿԷֵʮ, ߱ʮģ⻹ֻǰȥ, ʱپһ㣬볬һһϵĻָտɴ

ɺЦͷ߱棬屾˸⣬Ůӣ˵£»ǷдһŮΪǵĻ

Щ⣬־Ȼ£ʲôʱŮӶһȺ

ֻǰȻûԼдŮӽǵС˵ɻ˼ҪĿ϶Ůǿ͵ġ

һ²ŵһ°ɡ

͸֮ǰдǱĲУЦŵʵڲУҲ֮˵뷨

۸ЦЦͷӦ¡

˵䣬̿¯ϵˮҲպˣ۰ˮһţȥȡ衣

ɿѿˮൽһߵĶźۼصͷ

ֿѰŲҶ޵ӽ⿪󣬲ûֶһߣϸصһС飬һ򱻷ڷ档

Щֲڵ˫֣ȴضԴһӣַ̲ס¶һ˿ۡ

ԱߵⳣֿۿĵطɿһԼҷɵ֣Ȼװض۵֮İɣ

ǡ̹Ȼ

»عʱ򣬰Ҳһϰɡ

̧ۿҷ򣬼ɫﶼֻ룬ŵͷá

ȡ˲Žֱ̽ˮ¶ȣòˣŵˮ

ɿֻһˮѲҶûͣ£øӰѲϣЩ֣ǡ

ͬĲҶʺݲķʽҲͬ۽͵ȻƷ֪֮ˡ

ԼĪӣƿӰѲˮҷ˸һȻԼ

ⳣֺһںֻ΢΢ףȴֱ¶޵ɫ

ۼ⣬Ÿźһڣ֪ΪߵԭˮݳĲζϻڼݵĻҪá

һ軹û꣬ɾȲʣﻹжĲҶ𣿡

۶Ų豭ֶ¡  

ʶԼղŻﻹ壬͵ҺϲֲζһЩ

۸ûǷ룬ֻû뵽Ŀͷô˳Ҫ٣

ɻûشⳣ־͵ж٣ҶҪˡ

仰İԵܲζʵ̫ŨЩûס

ɼ״һԼҷ۽͵ҼһһЩ⡣

ۻعҲûѼеĵȫֻӦиšʮӡ

ⳣüٶ೴Щ𣿡

˹ĲƷʻֱ½۽͵ҼҲҪˣûʱŪЩ
  
ⳣֵ⼸еȫҰɡ

˵תͷԱߵԼҷɡ

ɽܵ񣬻һ֣
  
ⳣתۣڸЩҶͬƷʵ£һҶҸӡ

Ʒʿ϶û⡣һ൱ţ˵һ֮⣬Ҳ˸룬ĲǶһѿһҶĿƣǳĻѿصüá

òҶļ۸һӦɵȻȥһдһŮΪǵĻ󣬾ԼﻹҪæǡ

Զְ֮ող۵ķһ裬˱ⳣ֣ݵΡ

ⳣֻûȣ͵ҷݵģȻúȵĲ衣

бһۣûнӻȴ൱á

ⳣֺ˿ڲ󣬲ŻܿСӡ

ȿĲôɹһ֣Ҫǵ£飬Ҳ֪˵Ĵڡ

ⳣҲû磬ȷʵǸˣĶҲ١

㲻˲ôգؼҵǸ̵İɣ

Ӧǡⳣֵͷ

صģȻͳգǻ

İɣⳣֵȻ㿴ԼֻˣΪԺÿ궼ܺȵЩ裬Ҳñ˴ġ

ҿɱԼҷ˵ΣҲˣǶǱĸлҪǻ

ᣬ龭ҶϸˣҸǹװףⳣԩҴС˵ֻҪһˣô¡

֮ǰû˵׼᣿

Ժʲô˵

߷⿪ӡ

۴ӺԺҲĳôҲû뵽Ҷô˳

ǮƹóдǮԼ߱ʮĺ룬Ǵӱ¨׼õǹ޲Ҷ˳͸ǮƹһҶ͸

ҵģǮƹ¶ϲɫֵǶҡ衣

ۣҲһ޸ղںԺѾȹˡ

ҾͲˡǮƹЦӦ¡

ȴ֪뿪ǮƹŹȥ˺Ժ

۾ֱ⡣

ûϣͰûմȣͲòС

¸ɵĻҲ࣬ҪԵõһ¡

ҪĻǣ첻Ҷ̸˸õۣ֮ǰдĻҲ˳ϵĻرȻúúףһ

öñƽٶȻص

ҵʱ򣬽ſ嶫üĿʹָߵʱһһᡣ

ŽԺӣ̧ͷЦ£ˡ

һȣ첽ߵǰˣһһϢҪ㡣

ʲôϢ߷ŵԱߵȥ۱ı¨

ûԼѸٰѱ¨ȡ·ŵһߣŽ۾Ҹ˰ѲҶļ۸̸ˡ

˭

۵ͳһңϻǸķҲʱƼȥ£ⳣ֡

΢һ£Ͱѹϵˣиɻ󣬡ҪٲҶ

˵ﻹб⣬ȫҪҸֻʮ۶˶٣չƱȻһ£һҶ

Ը¶͵ı顣

ûסְǰ˱ҪǮˣ

 
















31  ʮһ  ̸ۼ 




ֱ۽ȥ, Ǻġ

ſڣһղ۵ľٶֱӿ

ʱ, ܵľٶ, Ҳżһͷ, , һı, , ֱӰ˵ת˸Ȧ

ĬĬס, ¶ĶǺģ۵ġ

֪˶ãֱﴫƹƹҵĳŬѹԺﲻϻطŵĻ, Ŭűȥæջ

̤, ۾̧ͷЦʣعˣ



һ٣Ҫߡ

æ˺, Ҳ˵ˣҿŻһæ

ߵԱ£Ӳ񶪽ȥ۳һ֮, ֿʼһ, ȫϵ, ʵôôˣ

ΪҪǮ˰ǿ˸ЦȶϽߴٵ, ʵʵ˵ϴǱû, ׬һЩǮ

Ƭ̣Цһӯ۽üңҾ֪кܶϲǱ

۱ΪԺǱôһ䣬Щ˼ˣҲûкܶ߱

򻰱ĸŮӾ٣ȥ߱ʹ߸ϲ߸˿֮ٽǿиϲ˫أÿһͿ׬ʮģ߱ʮģԵֵüˡ

ĿɿڴĵҪǷԽǰ磬ٽӴӴ磬һĲʺƨѡ֡

˰૵ⶼǴѧģ

㲻ϲ𣿡Ц£Ų˵Ϊпӿ壬ĬԵ˶൱ãŻһء

ϲȻϲ൱ĳʵĸ˻ܾ֮˵Ŀ佱ͳݡ

ģѾѸղŵĺԺˣ

úְʢЩýȥ´

Щϰߣ˹ѵǶӣ´չ࣬ЩˣȻر

¼ҵʱ򣬿ƮֱӶ

Ȼ泴ˣ´ջѶŵ̨ϣ۽ȥϴЩ˻ҸЩ

ǳǵģô˼Цŵ

֮ǰҲǼҵ˵ˣ׬ǮܸǳЩǵˡ

ҾͲˡӵ

վ˵˼仰ŽҪȥԷ뿪

߳Ժӣ´ſĲ˵ҿСӸĺ½

û˵Ҫ˰ڵ

⻹Ҫ˵𣿡´ʧЦһʼΪʶûǮûף㿴˵

Ǯأѹʡ

´óһó·ȥɽժҶӣ˵أ

ӳĬã̾Ϣصһ˵ͻȻЩڣôûҧҧó·һȥԺʶ֡

ʱǼԲĻǮó·ȥʶ֣´ȻҲźԺ·˺ӣȥɡ

Ӳ֪뵽ʲôϽЦŵ֪ǸĵˣԻ

һܸټŶ´ڶûףȳ׺кӣٵȥʶֵͣһڲڶ˵ԻǵԼ

һ£ֵ㲻ǸûģֻЩϰѡ

Ҳ˵߳´ϱô̸ĵġ

Ǳ߽صԹ󣬾ͷĲӳװҪȥĲҶ

Ϊ˱ֲҶĸ˾ûǰӹóǵȵڶǰųʮֱװȻһñ¨һ

Ϊ˱ܿ˵Ŀ⣬ʱǾͳˡ

·ȻҲ˼ȥɻˣէ֣˿ԼӰҲֻҪµظɻûΪȥϡ

ȳ֮󣬾Ͳ±˿ˡ

ϳ磬ϵʱҲŸտš

·̸̯ʱ￴ۣʽҪȥԵ㶫𣿡

ȰѶ͹ȥٳԡһôԶ·ҲˣֻǸǱ¨ĲҶҪҪ֪⼸ȫˡ

˵ʱ򣬽ӴǵǮƹ񣬡˵϶ڵء

û뵽ڱԼôżЩεصⲻǸϽѶ͹֮ҲðĴô

ǣǣǮƹӦǣѹǶҲء

ȷʵ˵۸ű¨ȥʱⳣָѾš

˲Ǯƹ̤ſڣⳣ־ʵ͹𣿡

۵һ¡

ҶɣĶһ֮Ҳû˵Ҫݳɲ賢ζͶⳣֵû⣬һͿˡ
  
˵ߵһֱվԱû˵ĽǰЦʵ˵Ǹ

ԣãȻתͷȥۡ

ɿ⸱飬Щ⣬Цʲô֣



ҽ壬ɵǳ׵ʱ򣬼ǵȥȾơ

áӦºת͵͵۵ķۣе졣

һⳣҲܿ˰ѲҶƺãһʮһ㡣

۳ȥ֮ӽȥģϾһܱһЩҪá

ⳣصͷǮƹӳһģһʮ

֮ⳣڵǻû緹ɣҪҪһԵ㣿

ҲһǸղ·ݵʱѾԼҪȥԣͲˡ

һ׬һǮԼȥԸ緹Ϊ̡

ҷǺȻſⳣְͰ͵ڶɵҲԼȥԷ

ȻһӽһǮ۸ûд϶ⶼû

ȥ̯ϸһ󣬾ֻ۵ļ£ȥׯƥýѡ

ؼҵʱҲûӴ·ߣһȦӺɽƻȥġ

·Ҳעܿɻˣȥϣ˵ˣڳһңû

ʮӣ֮ܳһʱ䶼óûǮãԽӣ۱㰲ĸų֡

Ҿˮ۸廻칤Ūˣûýȥںֲ˵ʱ򣬻ýȥæ

Ҳܶ࣬ҪɵĻ۾ͻ廨òҪмΪֹ

һãǸųСɽȥӡ

ÿ춼Ǽ¨ﱳԼСȥɽӡ

۸հѺ꣬С˴Ҵҵ۸磬ȥӽɣǽ쳶˺öӡ

ԭĵط𣿡ʡ

ǣС˵ԶˣϽɣһҪȥҸ硣

½õȣϴֺ󣬾ֱӴӺɽ·˹ȥ
  
ϵطȴֻһڣأ

Ȼȥˣӵһ¨ġ
  
ʣҪҸһȳ·𣿡

ߵĴ·ϣҪ㣬ʧЦȻذӰɡ

ô˵ҲûͿſ˵׷Ͻ

ϣû׷ϡ

ҵʱ򣬽͵ˣȴϢǿŰѳͷͷǺԺڿӡ

ɻҪʲô

쳶ӵʱɽ￴һСڻϽ¡̧ͷ˵⻰ʱϦɽбչյͷϵĺ鶼žӨĹ⣬Цҫۡ

һ̣ҲƲĿ⣬ʲôȻըȥͷϵĺ飬ǳװɡ

ðЦӦ۾ЩʪӳϦڷ⡣

˾ôŶԷöû˵ֱиԴɻʣôվԺﲻݣ̸ʲôأ

תͷ΢Ц̸ۼޣҪ𣿡

 

















32  ʮ  ǵļ֤ 





ǸԴǱ۷һ, ˢһ¾˻ȥűҲƵýŲ͸ԺӴѵ, ֱϵ

ĬƬ, ȷʱ·, ŵôô˵

ۿȥͷ, ԼҪѪĶ, ֻ֪Ǻ, Цŵ֪

ͷ˵ˡ

ۼûˣҾ͸˵, ڳ׵飬˶ûκξ飬϶´߳ӹæֲС

·᲻ͻ֪ô֪Ǽеһ

ʲôأ۰ѱ¨£ڽı, ˵Ҫ𣿡

Ժһĵ, һ£ѳͷݸۣڿӺò, ȥˮ

д⡣ЦŽӹȻһӣǿûûȳԺá

˽ˮָ˴Ͱˮ, ߽ˮ߶, ǵļ֤, ɵúúõسŬ, ʱٷѿóһƬ

֪뵽ʲô, ⶼʲôʲô

˵Ҳ۽ˮ;ȥſڸӰǡ

ָ˵ŶҲȥӰǡ

ŰţЦ

ϵĶһ£Թȥûסʵ㡭Цʲô

Ҫˣܿ͡ġõصûһ飬ǲŸûʻûнָôһ仰ˣﻹŰѳͷ

ΪһһĿһܶỤŽҲסκϲá

ЩСϸػۣڽ죬ӿĳˮ

֪ˣ磬ҪһͥһϵǸ

Ķûͣ󣬲ŵͷСҲǡ

֮˼û˵ѽɽﳶȫˮԺȵڶ̫ɹϼգͳɣԳһꡣ
  
Ūֳ֮һԷ˸ɻʱĬûκβֻͬ񲻾ϵʱתĳ㺱ոΪۡ

һֱڶϣ۲Ȼһ㣬뵽˵˳׵£ҽӦˡ

ȻϢһԺðͲԾɵЦڴ˼ʮԳţ΢ƽ

Ҳάֵ緹Ȳʰñīֽ⣬Ͻһȥ˸ڳ¼ҡ
  
ӿôһѶһСӣʲô

ҸҪˣһЩҪ׼Цŵ

Ȼ͸´۹˵۸½һɽﳶӻû˵ʲôһ˵ҪˣЩȣʲôʱİ

磬ָָվԺһĳ·ᣬ·֪ģû˵𣿡

ӸԶתͷȥ·ᡣ

·һ˵ı飬ΪǶġ

˭¶棿Ӱ˳·һۣȻת۸ϲЦտصǴ˵ɣȻ֪Ҫ˿϶ܸˡ

ȼһ̤ݣ´ЦŵǸղĻҶˣǺ°

ۺٺЦ£Ҹ˶Щ鶼û飬ԻǵͷӰæһ´֡

ҲЦ£ЦøΪ󣬸۵û˵

㲻˵ҸҲ᲻ܣ´￴۱ŵıīЩۣȰĶ£ҪʲôҲȰӶ˵

ӵĻ˵ȥˣȷʵǷǣڴԽ֮ǰϰͬѧͬ½飬Ů˫ѡʵģٵӡһʱˣҪѡյġ

¶յɫ´ӾãûгĺԾⳡһҪǺúð׵

´ȰѶûȥ׼ʮǮȻҸӴȥѡӣڳҪ׼ĶȻȥ顣

ͷˡ˸

´ЦŰ˰֣ӦģԺ·׵ʱ򣬻Ҫæĵط

۹ЦЦʱõҵطҿ϶ʲá

ԭվſڿֵĳ·ᣬĬĬ

뿪ʱִԱ߳ɫЩȻصҼסղ˵ĻˣУʲôҪľ͸ҡ

áˬӦ

ۻȥճ´˵ģ׼˶ʮĵǮٺѾſڵŵĳ´һȥҡ

֪ѡ׼յʱһҲ⣬ӷ˱ϻŴҵһҳһҳط
  
󣬲ڴĿصϰȷʵмӣʮǸ֮ա

⡭۳һ£ûѺĻ˵ڲѮʮĻǽµʱ䰡

һֵۣҿҲٵȵǸʱ򣬶·ݵĻ̫˷ʲôҲ׻ȷʵʺϰϯ֮ģǾ¶ʮɣҲǸӡ

ӽ쵽¶ʮպһµʱ䣬͵͵۽ɫͷӦǾɡ

Ļʵ㻹˶ȥȾ𣿡

ȻЦŵ

ȻǳףȻӦðһôҶ֪ýȢһ룬ȻϢĻڽסʲô

Ȼ˵˵£סڴЩ¸øߵʱǵøߵ

ǵʱҸӿ϶ȥֱϲƺȡ

ҵң۵СֶһϣҼ񵥣Ӹɩæк¿ˡ

ɣû⡣ҲӦˬ죬Ÿ´һͬ뷨ۼﶼûˣִ£ܰĻǵðŵ㡣

˵ˣҲ¶ˣȥæҲûǰװ

Ӷ֮󣬻صҼ˱㿪ʼʱҪõĶ

´Ǹḻģ˵¶зִ磬տʼʱÿ˵һҪ׼ĶֹԼѡȼι׼Ҫı׼ͬʱģÿÿ۾úʡ

ĶĶһ֪˵ˣû˳ʱʲôģֻܰճ´ٸԼ뷨

һֱ鵽Էʱ䣬ҪõĶг´վҲЩˣҪ©ˣٸ˵

һ£ֵȥϰѻϲҪõĲһʱ䣬Ӧܰѻá㲻ǻѷҲһҲϽ⼸ŪˣȵҲҪʼְš

ţҼסˡֻǲ֪ĻҪ׼Щʲô´ѾгˣԸʵó´ﰲţҲ׼úܺá

ԸæģǸм

´˵ҪߣԷɡ

ˣ´˰֣̫ãҵûȥЪԺеǻǼҳԷ

߳´ӣ۾кõ嵥Žµ㿴ʲôҪģǺһ׼ˡ

ղʱ򣬶ǳ´˵Լȫ̶û˵

Զһ£òӬǸϲõģ֮ǰȥϵʱһЩѾһˡ

ۣ

 
















33  ʮ  ̫ǣ̫ڷܣ 




˵֮, ¶𾪵ı飬ֽűЩ֪ΰڷţ޴صǲǾ̫

̫ʲôۺܿ췴Ӧ, Цʵ, ̫ǣ̫ڷܣ

ô˵, ǵɢ, ô䷴, ֱ˵Ϊġ֪۲֮, ˵ҲеˣϲЩͱȽ, ܶŮӸڳ֮ǰͻῪʼ׼ʱҪõĶҡǰһѡ

ţصͷ, ͬ, ԻܵȻǲҪǮȥϲ˵, ʱ򻹲ַƵġ

ϡʣýˣЩ͵صʵҲû˵ôܵ, ֻб, кܶĶû塣

ûû, ʼ磬ŪǾȥ, ҪΪŪЩۻ壬ʱǳô죿

ϵЦݽһ¡

ۼ״ü, ȫԼ壿

һЩ߲廨ͺãһµʱ䣬ֻǷƵĻҿȫŪġĿЩԼȥ

εؿŽҲִŵػؿû˿Ҫòļ

ҡҡͷЭȫԼҲԣҪ

áȡʤĽЦøĲá

ۻصȣûȫʱ򣬸ڵʱ׼ߡ

ԥһ£ǿӦ£ԡ

۵ͷоǸ֮ǰһÿʱĶҪ߶һյʱ䡣

²ˣһʲôʱ춫

첻Ǿȥ򣬡۵˵ˣ´гЩǲһҪȫ׼á

͵̧ͷ¶顣

۽͵˵ҵЬѣһϲ촩ͺˣĳԵԺʱƣѵ˵ȳ֮ͲҷЬˣ
  
Ȼǡ

ǲ͵ˡĿĴﵽЦŵǱûʲôȱٵġ

ҲȱܵһҪϵĶо͹ˣǿԺá

Լ˵ȥĻû˵ȷʵ޷

һϼƣڵϲϲҪ̫ͿԣϾһӾôһΣЩԺõĶͲôżˣǮڶʲôʱһ  

֮Ҳûȵڶ죬ʹ۸дĻȥϡ

֮ǰĲҶǸⳣַʶˣǹǮƹֱӰѶһ֮ǰǸ䡣

Ϊǰվͻأ忴۸̤뷿ţ͵Ǯƹ˵ϻдټϳ飬һҲʮʱ䡣

Ļƶ࣬û̫ʱдЩ۴ӱ¨óݸҪ׼׵ˣ֮һʱҲûд

屾ȥӻ⻰֮ѻŵһߣӶʲôʱ򣿡

¸¶ʮ

Ҫǵøλ

֮ǰͲҶʱ˵ǳ׵ʱ򣬸ⳣҪһȥϲơʱֻǿ׻ûôϣû뵽Ȼġ𣬱æӦ

ЦףȥǱ

úһһؿȥȫ֮Ѿ֡

Ǹص̫ˣ˲̫쿴ꡣ

ЦŵҲϲڼһ飬Ժ

Щȣû뵽Ȼʶֻ᳭飬Ҳ¶ֻŵǷݣȫϣ˵Ǵ׶һݡ

˵ĿŻжãŪԱߵ۷̫˼ˣ˵ôš

㲻ҵ۹⣬ѵҽģ˵ˣòãһʱ䣬Щ˸СķӦ֪ˡ

۾⻰еֵֹģ۹ȻŵģǿЩСķӦʲôģô˸Ů֮Ƶġ

ûӻʣǸ֮ǰһÿʮĵķֳɣ㿴Σ

ԡȻûһľ飬ֳɿǱһҪ׬Ǯ

֮۸ȥǮƹЩǮˣΪҪ׼࣬۾ûٴҪĻȥ

ȥׯ򲼵ʱ򣬽Ҳͬƹ˵ˣ֮һ¶Ʒ

ƹȻϧ֪Ҫ׼˺󣬾ͱʾ⣬Ĳƥ˸൱ʵݵļ۸ֻڰ֮ټЩ  

ȻЦӦ£Ȼ֮ǰ׬ʮӣ׻֪Ҫȥ٣֮ҪǮĵطҲ࣬ɽվͲ嶫ˣ֪ӦûǿԿҶ׬һʣҪЩǮΪԺ׼

δϻȥ󣬽Ѵ󲿷־׼ʱҪϲϡ

ڳ·İæ£˿ʼɷݡ

ԺΧƵȫɽ￳ӻµģ䷿ӵƬҲ˼߽¼һ飬滹˼Ƭ۴Եߡ

ݵԺӵĴſڣҲϪ߼ʯһʯ·ֲһС·ԱߵĲһ꣬ǳţȥԱժˣŪࡣ

ļҾ͸˵ˣʱһпվϲܣʵĶ

տʼʱ򣬽˵ҪõĶУûҪˡȫõţǰĺÿģͲ˵ʲôˡ

һֱѮĳһ죬ʱ˴Ҵҵ˵ڸڴľһŴȻ͹

Ŀɿڴòһﲻд𣿡

ǸѾҪˣ۵ǻµıȽϺãϾ֮һʱڴ϶ȹĲô

˵⻰ʱûʲô˼Ŵһֱ˯ż֨ѽ죬ʱһֶ֪ܼãس׼ﶼôණٻŴҲ֮е¡

ȴ⣬컯֮£۴Ѿˣۻ˴϶ȹʣһ仰˵

ľǱʹʱɴƫûгȥڡ

ֵ׼ţת۱㵽¶ʮһ죬Ͽʼ֮ǰڸõĶͿʼǼ͡

Сı˵ڴ߲ˣһͷҪȥյġ

ճ´˼ͷ͹ˣϾڵȻȣʣµҲ޷⡣뵽ʲôĥһ£һͷ΢СһЩġ

æˮʱ䶼ûУֱ˲ͣʱ⣬Ŵ϶Ѿϲ֣ĳӸæҲѾҪõĲ˶ãִҴҳЩ˸ϳԡ

۸·ְҪõĶһ飬¡

ɨһȦæ岮ӣԱߵĳӣأôûԷ

ԣѾͽȥˣӵ֮ǰǲټ档

ۣ

ô֮ǰû˸˵׼Ҫô

 














34  ʮ  á






æ, ǵĶԻҲЦŵ٩ڴĹ, Ϊǽܹþ, ԵȻǻȥ, Ҳ͵żŶ

άЦݣȻ, ֲعص𣿡

ȴ̲סֹ, ⵽ʲô˶µƹء

˵˵ЦЦ, 극ְѶʰһ£ͷ׷ˡ´һ, ǳš

Ժſڵʱ򣬳´ﶣ˯ʱоЩõģ·϶ŵ, Ǵ, ͵顣

֪ġ۵ͷЩǳ˳´µϽ, ˵Զˣͽæ岮ӣǳ´µȫ, Ѿʰ׵, ùѾ, õȥŵҲѾȥ

´ֵҲԼȥˮϴ, ЩҸӹ

۳һ£ڳ´ע»صͷ, ˣҲһʱˣͶǵİŰɡ

߳´һҺ۱ϴ

ϴϢʱ컹ûȫ͸ݶл谵Ĺ¡

򴲵ĽŲһ٣תߵߣźһֽĴ򿪺󣬸ĹߴսȻǻ谵Ѿǿڵİ衣

ǰЩѾˣܹҲϴ˫ϲȵ죬ֱҲᱻµģõһӭһˡ

۸Ŵҹ磬ĳҲҹ紵

ͻȻƺŵʲôٵ˼±ӣȷϺ󣬾ʹӴ˳ȥ

ٻʱѾȫ͸۰ѴĶ΢һŵȥƫݵſڡ

ʣ˯𣿡

ûУڽЩţʲô𣿳´˵ǽԼ档

ʧЦҲȥͷ˵㶫ſڣȻһ¡

á

Ӧ£ûж˵ʲô

һ׼һЩģֻû뵽ܼ棬۶һ£ֽŵͲˣǵϣԸ㡣  

šصС

ſվƬ̣ת뿪ҲϢ

ĽŲԶȥûãڷŵҲ£ŰŴһ϶

ſڷŵһɫҰǾޱ͵ƻƵĹҲҶֱš

һŵǹŨ

ڶϣӴŷͷʱ򣬿϶һҰǾޱü

Щȣ۲˼ȥ˵۾ſڵġ

֮⣬ûм档

˵ۣʱǰһȥ·߿ҰǾޱ޼͵ſڵľٶҲ̲סſɵЦãֱ·ţŸϽ׵ڴ飬ʼΪ׼

ΪסԾʡȥ˽׵̣ʱϱࡣ

Ӹ´ˮϴ˼˵緹ڼ䣬ҪõĶȫɳӺС͵ƫȥ

緹½½رпˡ

һңҪ˱īֽЩͰſڣģҪǼǹ

һ£׼õǮȥǼǣԼġ

·Աк˵׼

õʱʱԴϲĿʱʱ򣬾Ѿòˡ

һҵ۵ֻһûˣǷҪٵȥ

ٵȵȣǵҡӵڽǰ˵Ļͼ˵׵£ĵãӰĺ顣

ɫȴЩɻ󣬡㻹бĿˣ

š۵ͷҪͣ·һܹпˣǸġ

֪ⳣַˣһȥӰɡ

Ŷá·ӦºԵظ˳ȥ

˵ԺʱⳣָΧһȦСӣϲĴǣҲͶȥĿ⡣

۳·ʹ˸ɫس·붮óһǶȺСӵǳˡ

С󣬱һӵϣתΧߡ

ⳣûһЦض۵ϲֵСǿơ
  
Ҳŵףλӣͷϡ

л۹˹֣ûȥԺҵķӦ

һȥԺ˱ը˹ұͶһóôǮײ²ⲻѣû뵽ϲȻⳣ֡

ǻ֪󲿷˵Ȼϵⳣ֡

΢һģʱ򣬾ʹⳣλߵһ¡

ʲôʱϹϵģ

⻹𾪵ģΪţ˴һ㵵شϢ¸ӵǮûƹ񣬶ôʮĹ

ϢͬԺﰲ˸˲䶼ûӶԴ󲿷ֵ˵ǿһһ궼һõ

Ҫ֪񣬺һҲʮ˶ʮģ˶ʮʮĶѡ

ǮʱҲЩ㵣ܿͷӦⳣӦǴЩҶ׬˸ǮŻǮ

ǮƹôٶģҲ֪͵ЩҶļֵ

źҷº󣬾Ҫʱˡ

ڳ·ͬ£ǰȥƫݵš

ŵǷÿǴ򿪵۲ſźһϲĽ

ϲǺɫ⣬ͷķҲǺɫģ߸ߵذͷ¶µ١üëƺ޼Ե͸ӵᣬϵĺëҲˣƤǴơ

۴ؿţһʱҪʲô

ֱˣЦϽȥãȰ֮ôôʱ

һԺһЦ

һ±ĸϵ·еһƴ

ҲЩţұȥ

һ§ڽһֹסϥ䣬˴£ֿſڵĻ裬

Χ۵˿۵ľٶЦ

ۼ޳԰мǼλ

ݴ˾ǣ۸ָ£ظãֶ԰һΣɡ

ʱĴʼϯȰѽȥ䡣

û˵Χۣ˵ദϾһƽʱϤָоΪãԱǰҪܼ֡

۵Ϣһ£óӰ׼һЩԵģȻͽ

֪Ҫȥкˣɵص˵ͷӦ£ֻߵſڵʱС㡭ٺһơ

á۱Ͳþƣԭˮļ䣬ԼǳףҲܷԼȡ

ֻȣȴô롣

ѵõĺþƺòˣǴϲӣұ߳Աģ֪Ͱȥˡ֮ȳ·˰ѽӰʻȥǰʲôĶʰã֪㵽˰

ǳһ档

ӵʲôģҶԼˣʣµĲˣ˵ҪҲôҪľͶ˻ȥʣµЩûɾģóǼ⣬Ҳھǵõ

Щͷˣ۵Ҹһŵл

һҪһȱĲء´Цŵ

һ£ӦǸмһ

ų¼һ뿪·棬Ժ֮ŴϣǳȥۼüŪһߡ

ʧЦȴⲻ˱ζĳ뷨ȳ¼ԶһЩ֮ǰȥԺĴ˨

̤ϦͻصݣͿڴߣһƤĹߴ򿪵ŷûȥպڽϣǶһĽ⡣

ۻȻãȵǵƣڿʼˡ

 















35  ʮ  ҹ 



۰Ź, бսĹ㱻⡣

֪ϵչͻȻûˣǱŵ, ȻǶ, ɫԴżֽš

۴ǹһĨЦ, ߵ, ϳ˺, һЩʳ, ʵ𣿡

ŵɫлͣһ, ֲʱ򣬳˵ƣС˲ٵĽҳԡ

ףһԵĻʯѺȼ, Ⱥ˲ӯ, ԭո컡
  
ֵƣߵ, һ

ĬؽӹĿһҲûƿ

Ƭ̺۾ٱ, ͸Ҳ̧֡

űӵȴֱ򴽱, ǰı, ֹסֱۡ

ҪȱľƣƱػ῿ü

ϸ˼, ĵǴѧģȴԾؿ

, ŵŨľ㣬ۺʱϢߣѱľһ

ҲźȾоƣִӽӹյľƱŵԱߵϡ

ٻʱͶ˸εľӡ

ڽĿ۵Ͼ͸ģһ׼ĻЩĻ

˵Ц£Ļ϶ܷڽֻܵԺ˵͸㡣

˵ڽע°ѺӴ򿪣һЩɫĽУڽϵģһ̵ķ

˲𵱳ľʱ˵Ǿ仰ʱţ׬Ǯˣٸ㻻һգգۣӿۿʪգȥȴ̲סЩᡣ

ıǼ£ЦŵҸԣ

áصͷ

νϣҲǰѷchaõͷһŪã۾͵˵ͷÿ  

ԭֻúɫŵķϣ˸֮󣬱û֮ǰֵĸоѡķҲãů£ͨ͸Ө

Ҳýʡ

о۵ĿԼͷöƿһ£Ŵ㡭ȰȡŰɡ

һЦȴЦֻȡ·յ󣬾ͰѺӷŵߡ

ȻĶδͣ£ȡ·ְѽͷķҲˣٵķ˿£˽硣

֮󣬱ͬɫ  

סʵĲҲ䵽˵ϡ

ϵĺȼһ΢󣬻ѸٵԾ˼¡

ĴҲθûͣˮ

ȣѩһͷһ

Ȼһ̲ˮɬ§۲ϵ˫Ҳûзſ

ȴ֪ľٶֻǵ۸޷ͣ¡

׹ö죬ڵĲ޵ʣˮԼصĺ

һ֮һͣ

Ƭ֮۵ھ׵ҹ𣬡ٽһ

ɳдŹ˵塣

۾ʲôֿʼȿԼ۸۽Ƕ˵ˣֻ˵ĶӡһǣȻ³˷䡣

̨ϹȻԤϵǰˮһͰᵽ䣬˶ϴһŶ˯¡

ʱѾ죬Ϊʷ˵ԵʣԴĹ߻ۡ

߻˯Ľ룬Ҳû

ֵ˽һʱ䣬ŻۣעӵĿ⣬һʵʲôʱˣ

ʱҰɡûӱֻڴϣ۶ʲôʱҲ̫

ֱӳӴȴΪֵ̫˻ȥüһӾͺˡ

æָôҪȥʲô

Ҫȥ緹ͷ˵

緹ˣ緹ɣʧЦҲӦȥżϢ

˶ǡ

ǱǲǳҲҪģ۴Ļ

ǡ졣

ԣ۸½ͷúϢ

Ǹ֣Ǹڽ˵ģͳдɤýԾЩһʱһ

۴һĨ΢ЦѸٵش׵ȻıӵҳȥˣԼڱ

ϲʣ²ٲˣ󲿷ֶ˵ģֻҪһ¾ܳԡ

۾ֻ˸ࡣ

ãҲȺõʱ򣬽Ҳӷˣ˵һϣƿȥϴ

֪һʱЩߣҲû˵ʲôֻõʢš

úܿ죬ϴ󣬾ɫˡ

ٲ֪緹緹ķȥϴ룬Ա߿ţҲ

鿴һϲʣĲ˺󣬽ôҲԲ꣬Ȼ´Щȥɡ

㿴װһЩɣ۲ϵˮգó˼ھȥŪһһ͹ȥ

㡭㵵

۹˼ô᲻ã

֪Ҳ˼תȥ˼룬ʼּҪ¼ҵĲˣȥۡȴƲסҲ̵ġ

һֱۺܺãÿÿѾмˣȴܶá

θ´׼£Ȼڵ˵Ⲣʲô

Ⲣ⣬ʱֻиŮǱߣŻϵ׽ĳ׼һ⣬лȥչˡ

۸´׼ˣڸ

´￴ʱ򲻽˲ˣۻһúֽŵʱЩ⣬Ҳû˵ʲôóˡ

Щ֮⣬´ӺСһ

ڳ¼һۿʱˣǻҪȥһңȻȥˡ

һµ̫ӰҪſˣҲûǡ

۸뿪֮󣬳ӲſЩЩǮǲǱЩ

Ҳˣ´ҪǾٵĻ˺ӣʱٶЩǡ

룬Ҳе

۸ؼִ֮Ӿһ

Ͱ˸ǿ⣬ʣһ飬ʣǴ壿

š۵ͷҲ˵ժҶ£ǵѽȥ׷ĸףӹʱ򣬸һβ˸۵Ը񣬶ȻҲر

½𲻿ĵ飬תƻ⣺塢壬ңǾ͸һ⣬ǱĻЩʡѼЩѿĲҶֵ»ȥϵʱǡ

ãġ

ﵥѿĲҶ£ңԭǴԼȵġ

ֳһЩ͸񣬽Ҳʲô飬ϾⳣǮ

ϲǰֱصĸо

˵Ż͵ңϲƺµ۸ֻǿ⻹Щȣæкǡ

ҲһһϲֶǼദ֮

۾ʱҪǵʱͻȻСȥԱ˵ɡ

˵Ҳ۷ӦԼȹȥˡ

۳һ£ͷҲ˹ȥ

˲һ£Ϳżɽص׻˵ɼҵѾɼңǶҵд㣿

 






















36  ʮ  ҲҲμԣ 






һ, ֪ճ׵ųôﲻ˶ǮɻԽⷬⲻ˻, ǲ֪һЩʲô

ܿ췴Ӧ, ʵǶҵд, ҵ, 㲻ɫذӻȥ, ϲ˼ǣ

Ȼй, ûӣֱӵԽµô

ûʲôɡЩãȻص, µŴԽֵڶûʲôϵʲôԭȻ飬Ҳû·μӹ԰

ų·ѼϢ, Ȼû, ǿ϶Ͳμӹ

ҭһ䣬ü, ݵسĬƬּ̹Ҵ˲μԣһȡУǰЩֲμ˸, һҲȡ, ͯ, ž͸һˣǰ, Ǵһţֵ׳ꡣ

, ԼڸڴͷԽ£ǰһæƣһæΪ׼Щȷʵ˽ͷʾԼ

ɫԻصǴ壬ֻжͷ̫үһŹѾ˶˳֮ꡣ

ڴԽǰһαѴ˽֪ڹŴҪһжѣû뵽ԽǴһţڴҲСǸӻͦ

˼ǴŶʮˣʵЩǴû˲μӹƿ𣿡

ǴмһˣǼ棬˭Ƕǿϣ̾˿˵̫үҵСӰɣԾͿʮβŹ̫үڶͨԱϣˡ  

һ£ּ̫үСӾ˵ѧʵԣʮ̫꣬ү˼ʮٲμԡ

̵ô۵Ļܲ˼Ƭ̺ȻԺ飬Ҳ֪ǰж롭ԶҲʶüֶѣԵˮƽ̫Զ

˵ȥϣʱԺܣһΪ㡭δ˵꣬ҡҡͷʧ

Ϊпȡ뷨ء

Ƭ̺֪뵽ʲôֻһתʶֻдҪﵽˮƽĻܱȱҪɵö࣬һصҪȥˣм仹нʱ䣬ȫƴһѵĻҲһܳɡ

ڽ֮ǰûҪμԿƾٵ⣬һʱҲò⡣

Ҳؾ;ܾûϣģǼ˵̵ҲҪȥ飬ϣܹȡҫ棬ǲٸһֻܿǼĶάơǰʱҲ˵㣬ڼȻˣҲöΪǣѵϣɸ泯죿Ժ˺Ҳ

˵ǰЩʱ򣬻ûʲô̫ĸоϾڲǸд飬ҶбȽϿɹ۵룬ҪǼĶάƣҲҪ泯졣

ֻǵҲʱĺľһ

˵ıܣΪ׼øԽĻ

ǿ԰ѳմӣֻһյĻܲصסأ

ⳣַˣ˳ģܲõĺ˾˵ˡ

ȻڲŸճף۲Լ̫ԶЩ飬ǰ׼С

Ҿ㲻Ϊ룬Ϊһˣ㲻뼰ڳΪһҲܻס˵

˼ӦȥղǷˣúÿһ£´Իʱ䡣

ûٷ˵ͷá

̸Ҳͽˡ

ȥ۸ǣϲǳţȵſڵʱԲȥǵÿҸղŵ̸

ҼǵõġٴεͷӦ

뿪ϲӸߣʵ¸˵˺ʲô̬ȣ

֮ǰȥͲΪ˺׼ղ̸֮˵ȥúÿǣҿϷ

Ǿͺãϲӵ˵ͷȥӦûǸֵصģҲ֧μԡ

̾˿Ҳ˵һֻŶ飬ũЩͶһ˼ϲ˵ùĻѣҴƽϱʱ˵ôЩڵľƽ飬ͯûУĻ·Ҳһûϣȫһ˳š

ǸܸɵģһӦò⡣ϲӳɵ

ҡҡͷûнӻ

ҲǴٵĺܴһԭһ飬·һÑīֽǮǶ࣬Ǹȫϣмҹһˡ

ңʶˣܿŻرĿҲС֮С

۸ҳ󣬽ü΢£ֱʵղ˵ʲô

ҲμӺµԡҲûֱӵ

һ𣬴ָԾҲЩţôģ

˵Ҫٿһ¡

ŶСӦάϵЦݣȴûϢʱôˡ

ţߵ־ͱ˹ȥס  

ʵҲҲμӣ

¿ˮ̧Ƥɿؿһۣ˵ʵ  

ȻʧЦڽ£˵ʵĺ֪ġ

һº쵽˶Ȼص΢һЩô˵ֻ

Ҳû˵ʲôֵĻʼ磬һԼԲ޹ģԱҲûڡ

۵֣Ҫߡ

æſµҲˣ㻹û˵ʵء

º΢֯һԣɫʿụ̃Ǵʮȷĵȼ֣˶лϿƾΪûǮ飬Ϊûпƾٵʸ񡣶ҾʸǮ飬ڿӱҲ޼

˵һ£óݵĿ⿴һۣ飬дúÿЩѾǺܺõĻˣҾáԷĲܣǲμӣʵû˲š

˵̲סЩ죬ֱܾ׵ؿԼҷʵصΪ

˵ﻰ

۵˵ͷ֮ǰ̬ȣǸղŽⷬܿǴĵ𾴲ݲμӿƾ٣ɵˡ

ҲԲμӿƾЩĶ

ĶĶڵˮƽҲǻϻдѣҪ˼ҴСѧϰŬʮʮȥȣһ򵥵顣

һڴԽǰʮʮ飬߳ѧУ˵ҪʼһϵͳѧϰҲҪһЩʱܡ

˳Ƭ̺۾͵ʱ

ġͷ֪۵ԸһͻȫԸʱҲû̫ũǼǮҲã԰ĵؿ顣

šҲŵͷųףҪԼŸٲô

ҪҪμӺĶµԣǵȶʱ˵ɣʱ仹

ΪԼҪһЩʱǣ죬ΪһС£˾

 



















37  ʮ    








ԴӾҪԼŻ, ۹ȻپһʱԾ顣

պɽĢļڣû¾͸ȥɽĢȻǶ಻ϸ˵

˼֮, , ȥϰ, ˵ҪһЩѿĲҶ𣿡

ȻЩ, ı뾡Щ۵ע, Ȼôϻǰ, Ѿϵļƣܿͻܲס

⼸ȷʵ൱̹, »ʵ⣬˵ҪȥϣЩ⣬ȥ

, һҪȥЩһ, ľܾͷһ, ֪ܲƫƫеʲôϲô˵

úúãһȥ, Ŀڵ, ɵԵڵһλ

ô˵, ЩȣѸٵĿһ, ͱȥʼ˼ȥҪʲô, ŲҵĽڡ

ڶ˹Ȼһȥϣֻ˭û£˸ӳ⽺ȥĵӡ

󣬾Ӵ۵ǸƿǺ󣬾Цӭ˵˾䡮ˡּ˾䣺ףλúϣӡ

Ц£ӱ¨óĵĵݸǮƹ𣿡

ڵģƵ˰ģЦø飬л󣬾Ͷ۸ʹλȥ

۸ҪĿĻΪ˸ͻ񣬵ȻȥǮƹģϾǳ׵ʱǮƹǮҲ٣ܲһҲ

ѵĸǮƹ·ȥ塣

ֻǽƺæǾ͵Ƭ̡

˵۸ˣ鰲ȥҲûЪһ£ȥƫǡ

֮ղŹ·Ǯƹ˵Ļ̲סȤ˵һƸƹĶ˵ģⶫҵأ

۸һۺ˶Ϊû׼ķݡ

忴Ƕ˵ķӦ֪ԼûУЦû뵽һңƹơ

֪۸·񣬿϶ָƹ׼˻ȴûķݣŸôЦ

Ȼ˵꣬ЦŵǸһЩĶ

ʲôʵ

ӱ¨óװŲҶޣݸ

ӹϻһӣ´һʣǲҶ

ţͷ򿪿

һ۸ע´˹ӣȷʵǲҶֻȫǵѿġ

Ҳ裬Ȼ֪ЩҶļֵ

ЩҶǼѣҲˡ

۸ȴһ˳׵ʱⳣȥϲˣԼĪҲܲµ˼Ǹʲô
  
һ޵ѿĲҶȥǮƹǰСϼˡ

ղȻЦʵûԼķݣ˼ҲĲŰϲ͵Ļ˵ҪĻᲵ˵ӣҲ˫ݵ֡  

һ͵ȻǵѿģҿҪղѡƷС

۸֪תô뷨£ֻûһ飬Ƭ̾ͣˡ

ǵſڣ״صҸҷϻмԺʲôҪæģǡ

۸лھӦ£˶ûôϡ

ϾһͨգֲͻĻʲôҪæġ

˴ӳɫеڣҪꡣ

۱ʣҸطЪһ£ꣿ

ȥׯɣҪȥһЩϸߣ˵ѡã͹ȥˡ

áȻû顣
  
ֻĵʵ̫Щûоѣߵһ룬˺ˣŽϵȺʼߣ˸ߺѡ

һвɲǼ£۸ܵº󣬾æŽ㵽ٽ¡

ɼʹ˶ͷϻմˮ顣

ȷ䲻Ϻ۱ͳͷȫɣԼĨ˰

ٿϣҪôѾԶˣҪôҲ㵽ٽֵ¡

϶ʱʮְԭҲͱøע⡣

תͷȥվǲԶ߰СкΪһ

ǸͿ΢Сһģѵܸ㣬Ҿ˾˲Ÿġ

Ҿ漸죬湻˾ͻ㡣ʹһǿƵ

ÿζ˵湻˾ͻңСǸҧ촽ÿλˡ

ǲҲ𣿡ǸһѶѣʲô˲ġ

СǸӲˣûʲô˲ͱҽ谡˾Ҳһȥ

Ҿ˾˿õûЩءŅ̧̀°ͣ뵽ʲôСǸѣвҪǲѽңҾ͸Ҿ˾ȥÿ춼ȥǼһˡ

СǸԶһ£ͷذѵ˹ȥǡǵҪҡ

ǸһѶѣȦ˵úжϡһ

ҲûСģأѣѭܲĵطˡ

µǸ۰ͰͿԼѣ¶һҪ޳ı顣

Ƭ̺󣬾ʹı¨﷭һģ߹ȥСǰԵĺòã

С̧ͷŽҡҡͷлл壬Ҳԡ

ûãȵء˵ŰѵķŵСȴûǼ»кöٱߣͲҪû㶫˿

֪ģС˵ͷΪ˶꣬Żﱻ

ǸĺӡСͷ

֮ҲûжСԱ߶ţһֱȵͣС죬תͣˣҪؼˡ

ȥɡ˰֡

Сת˼ĵģֻͷԽллĵġ

СԶˣص۵ߣյղļҵСˡ

ԵĻܻټġǣ̤סĵط̫ģůģˮϴ߹һĲʺ硣

һۺ󣬾ջĿ⣬Ȼòߺȥһɣ򱾡ȥ

ǿƾؿģһ׹Ѿ˾ʣΪղӵ£

Ҳȫǡ۵

ղӵµȷһ۶ѣٷݶûУͿߵ˺ٻ

֮ˣҲϣԼδĺӸղСһİȴ

һǽղŵķӦ

ƽȻ³ˣС˶ֻ˼ôԼҲҼҳæ

ֻܹ۸ȴַ˵ˣŻһӦǲ۸ǵ˿

ǰܹ۸ﲻˣԺʱ򣬽ֻ

 
















38  ʮ    





۸ȥصʱ, ڹ̨Ļƶ£Цӭȥʣʲô

ղˣ۵, ٹ顣

, , Ҳ, ǵһҪ, Բ, ܿ췴ӦҪʲô, Ҹá

۵Ҫһ

ѿڵôҪⱾ

ʲô𣿡ۼЩȣҲǲ⡣

ģЦŽͣ, ڸÑ, Լдġ֮١

˵ͻȥ顣

һ˼, ˽סȵȣɡӡɡ  

ϡûж˵ʲô˸˱ӡ

˴ȥ˵Ķ, Ȼȥʱ·û, ̲סʣ֮ÿҪϸѧϰ𣿡

ȷҡҡͷ, ·˵˵ԭ϶, ֻǽ˵, ͡Ϊ񣬵ûС

иԭǣûԭļ䣬֪˭ĸ򿪣Ҫôȥҡ

ҾҵõҲ̫ȥϾΪ϶ԭд֣ڵǴԽǰģԭһʱôͣ

ü˼˰죬ﲻ֪ǷǸתѧһ

ܵĻǸ鷳¡

˰ãּȵҺȥһ¡

šһɵص˵ͷ

󣬱㷢˽쳣Ҳ˵ڱ飬ǸղǾ⼸ҲڰôС

ЦŴȤϣ

ǣ൱ʵȻϿЩɬһҲûǴ̫ԶЩһ˾Ҫһʱÿʶ־ѾˣҪôԶ·͸ˡ

ҡҡͷ̲סʧЦ⻹ûʼأѾˡ

ȥ֪ҪμӺµԺ۽üҾϲɫ

ᵽǰǸȥѾţȷʵҪҸС

һ֮ǰҪܻû뵽͵֪֮ǰѾŵϢȻ˵̫ãԣȷʵ˺ܶ鷳

ǱʣʲôõѡƼ

̧۶ۿһһĥѡһֻǿԸԸ⣿

˭

嶫ͷ̫ү֮ǰҲԺѧʾ˵ֻˣشס˽̵ҵļ⣬⻹Ҳѧ֣ٶһӦҲʱ̡

ΪʲôԸ⣿۷ʣ֮ǰ˽ɳ͢͹ϽĹѧֻȡŹ֮ܽ룬ڴ֮ǰҪ飬󲿷˶ŰԺֱӰĳΪƽʱѧϰ

ȻڴиԽˣҲ˵̫үѧʻαԶÿϵСʱѧϰҲܶѧٵĶ

Ϊεص֮ǰʱ̾áһλŵѧʸһЩԡ

һλŲ˵Ҳԭλˣɻô˵Ӧõ̫үԸŶ԰ɣ

Ц˵Ҷ̫үΪ˽⣬ǼƽЩˣҶһģҪѧĻ϶ͷӦġ

һ£ֲҪǲĵĻҿȥһ˼ҡ

鷳ȥһ°ɡ۵

ٶȺܿ죬ڶϾ͸Ϣ˵̫үǱߵͷӦˣ۸Ͻȥ׼Ñ

۶ʱÑҪ׼Щʲôȫýǰ˵ŲҪȥˡ

ִҴææܵȥÑȻͬ£ȥ̫үļҡ

̫үҵķӸҵƣһĺԺʽģֻſڳ⣬һӣֲɾơ

ǰԺӵš

һһʮкӴţкϲˣɣүүڽСԶд֣ӦûҪƬ̲ܺá

˵ֳ۵˵ͷ

۲²Ӧþ̫үСˡ

ɵ˲߽Ժ鷿žͱ򿪣һ˳Скһ߰ңһšʮӡ

ӹɾ̫үˣæ˸

̫үȴֻͷɡ

˵תͷСӣǻؼҺҲҪڼϰ

ǡ˹Ӧ£ʱֳ񣬴Ǹ۽壬СǸȴ۸硣

Ƕ뿪֮۸̫ү̫үߡ

˲һ£̫үۣ徭жܼסˣ

ֻһ㣬ܼסҲࡣʵصġܼģǶʱĿαֹġ

ǡӡԴӰݲݶ顣

̫үһҲصͷתͷȥѱīù

ֿۣĬдһμǵסģٿдΡ  

дţϾԼúãǮƹ嶼òԸΪ˸Ӽۡ

Եѱīùû˿ӳֻѡĬдһεʱѡ˶Ǿ䡣

Իѧʱϰ֮˵Ӻ

֮ǰʱϲԼдģ̫ү±ʺʵ

ǡ

̫үףдõǻѧ˵̧ͣƤһۣеζʮֵԡ

֪ǿԼܼסĺ٣Ҳ΢Цӻ

Ƭ̺̫үŻصλͷѧҾˡ

л̫ү˵ͰѴÑһһϡ

۲һѣӡ춹桢Բɸһʮ

۲ԢҵڣǸлĿĽѧ춹ΪչͼոУԲǹԲ˼

ʮлʦ

Щ۸õ򣬹ʮÿһңͻİٶġ

Ñ֮˰ʦ񣬷˲裬۱Ŀڽ

׼֣̬Ҳ¿ң˿ڲ󣬾׼õĻ˳

ǰ֪ġ֮⣬һ۲ˣһѴС

ѻۺֶҵڻңȻҵѧԺͲ׼ѧ

ѧԲμӺµΪĿꡣ۵

Ÿף־ߣ¾ɣԼĿȻٺò

˵Ŀ˼Ƭּ̣дٽ̣ʶҲһĻ±ԼУԺÿ糽ʱҸ㽲һʱ徭ϵݣδʱѧһʱʫʱԼڼùɻ͹ң۵徭òѧ

ȷʵõİˣϾ֮⣬ԼӸѧҪ̣ҪҪЩ鶼

飬ʱҲﲻʲôæڲݻǲʶ֣ÿһʱ֮⣬Ҷͬһ壬ôܹȥҲ㡣

˼۸š

һ飬һŰѴи۲ˣûңԶԶؾͿſڡ  

Ƚţ͵ѣʵǣ

Ļ񣬡̧֣ϣڷܺѧִɡ

ȥѴԲ԰ȥ

 



















39  ʮ  ĸо 




һЦ, ǰѴеݹȥȥŰɡպԺСҲûִ, һƽس˵ʱ, ζҲ㡣

˵, ȴ൱صذѴзŵ˲Ա, ֻͷȥСͷ  

۰ŵ, ۲˷ŵ, ٻʱ򣬽ѾѴԵòˡ

ƽһ, һѴбֳʮѣÿң˷ֳĿռ䡣ԴֲٶȣҪ˶, ͻͷïһƬ

֮ǰΪֻ, ģûסǳ˳飬٩ǲǵҲμʱ, ҪЩͱȥԣ

ദôʱ䣬Ѿϰżôһ˵ʽҲӦԵľ飬ĴȻҪĶֲ, ⲻָòͷˡ

, ȥҡͰˮµĴнˮ

մ, ıӰεҡҡͷԼҷƽʱе, żôһأֱֵøСƵġ

ϴ, Ͱͷպú󣬽ŵˣӸղŹ˵ȥҳԷ

ʲôϲ𣿡ʡ

ݸϲ²𣿡

Ȼ۵ϣͷһůҲĿѧɣû˸ˡ

¼ҵķ׼൱ḻɱֻʵ㣬һˡ

۸ڳӵкͰͷβе۵

Ȼ£еĹػУƽʱһ𷹣ȳ´ﶯˣ˲Żųԡ

ȸۼв˵Ϊͷһء

˲뵽ʲôÿӵֶ˶٣ǡ

´һĨЦͷβ˺Ծš

лл۵лͷͷоЩᣬ̲סһؿѧǰ˸ʢķˣǸһʱ֮Ҳûйˡ
  
ϴѧͬѧǵļҳ׷׸ͬѧٰѧ磬ֻ˼ݣԼϵţףˡ

ٶͳԲˣΪҪܴѧѧѸѡ

۵ͷʼͷ󣬳¼Ҳ׷ӿԣֻнۣ뵽ʲôԼ

һٷ꣬۸ڳ¼Ҹ´á

¼Ҳû۶ʲôƻֻĻæԺǰæ

ۼǵأҲûôŪάƣƽʱ߲˹˳ԾͿˣ˵лҲûôϡ

һ뵽ҪǵһҪȥڴľһˣȻȥˡ

Ҫȥ´ȻۿʼˣҲµù

ӳ¼ҳʣȥľҪʲô𣿡

һŵƫݣԺдֶ۵ݾֻá

ƫŴһӦ

ʧЦũ߶ʰͷŵȥƽʱҶдˣ嶫ˣȥСһ

һ²ùƫݣܾͬһЩʣŴǰɡ

У㡣۵

صңȥ֮ǰõӵĸ߶Ⱥ󣬲Ÿһȥ˸ڴľҡ

ľ֪֮ǰǴ̫үڻгߴ磬㿴ǲǰͿԡ

˵˸ߴۡ

۰Ѱ߸籨ĳ׺󣬾ûԣֻ߶ɡ

ȻҲã泭ʱ䳤ˣӸͻЩӵĸ߶ȣŹľ

ղľӦǱ׼ĸ߶ȣһͬ˵߱͸ͬʺϵӸ߶ȻҲȫһ

ľЩɫɫ˶ȥˣⲻǸӵ߶ȶѣʲô

ҪõľϺľ͵죬죬Ҿ͸͹ȥ

ӻãԲһʱľ˶󣬾͸ؼˡ

ѾãҪʽʼȥѧϰԵ֮۾Ϳʼƶѧϰƻ

ּȻĿ꣬ͻȫԸˣοǰԣԣȵĸ߿ҪѼ֡
  
ѧϰƻҲǰնʱĿγ̱ƶġ

𴲣ϴСʱ룬űһСʱȻʼ緹緹ңʼѧϰ

֮һֱϾŵ㣬ϳԷʱ⣬Ҫ鶼ǰŵġ

дֽʱӾȫʱ㡣

һ·ȥԽüͷԽŵĻ᲻̫Щ

ÿ˯ʱ㹻ˣʱǾˣҲϢġȷʵֻдһĹ滮ʱٵȴ˵˾ϢʲôҪˣݼƻҪȷŵһߡ

ҲǣԼԱ߿ţĺҿ࣬ҲȰϢ˱ָƻ￴׵ʣʱʱǼʲô˼

ǿɰʱ䣬۵ʱѡȥݡժˣǸ߲˽ˮ

ʱǽӽǻȷʵʺ˵Щ飬ѧϰһ죬ҲպÿԳȥһ£رֺʱأ

ؿ˽һζصҪĸоѡ˯ϰһ鵱ѧĶ

һ£һĨЦݵ˵һûôѧϰҲûжҪϰ

 
















40  ʮ  ڸ  






, ۳ýһϰһѡ񣬲Ҳûڵ̫ϾڶҪ顣

ڶîʱ, ڳӼĴ󹫼ͬõһ׼ʱ, ΪҪ, û˯̫, һ, ʹ˯˹

, ʱķѾȱҪһЩˣ, ȴ˼嶼ѣŻִջ

һˣԺʣ𣿡

, ڽḧ˼, ټ˯

ֹƬ, ˵ĺ±೤ŵسݣݵţſѾܹĴ

ҲûȥԺ, ſѡ˸Ծתֽŵλ, һ׹㲥, ʮԳţϵĶһ䡣

֮ˮϴ, ׷࣬ŪЩ, ɫֱ֮ǰ࣬ҪĻԺҲǿ鱾ϵ֡

ȴǰ͵˳˷ſڵĵϣżϾ͵ƵĹ飬Ͼ͵ǮСҪǲСİ۾Ūɽӣ鷳ʹˡ  

һע⡣

ϼǶٶȷʵҪƽʱöֻ࣬һСʱͰѡѧƪĽٸȫȻЩǰͱڱ𴦿Ϥģԣͦŵġ

ʱ򣬾ͿԼҷżϣű飬ֹرţ춼˶ûԵյ͵ڵϡ

һ۾ŵƽҲûѻȥѵˡ

һֱ쵽ʱŶõ˴

ʱҲպú鱾ŵϵ͵ƽݡ

һ緹۾׼õűīֽ⣬鱾ȥļҡ

Ǵ˼ѧϰʱ䣬۵ʱûСֻſڵ±顣

ʱˣΪ⣬۴鷿õᣬ󣬱ʵȸ㽲ĵһƪѧƪ

鱾ͻȻһ£ʵȫ𣿡

ѧϰһ飬Ѿܱˡ۳ʵص

˵ͷ¶ȴΣȿһ

˵˼ѧƪľӣ۽¾䡣ȫӵϣ˼ôġ

ǰڿαѧģ֪׼ȷĴ𰸣ֻܿԼ⡣

ѧƪݶǳԣƾԼ⣬Ҳʲô

ָ۽һ顣

֮һӵʱԼϰ۱ûѿܻ֮ǵĵط˱ʼǡ

ԼĪһӺ󣬳ȥһ˵ۣѧƪ˼ȫܼˣ

۴ݵصͷĻˡ

Ҹһɡ

Ӧº󣬺ʼǣذѸղȫһ顣

տʼ˵ʱָһһµûӣ֮ȴ֪ʲôʱͣȫ˵꣬ûκζԳƵǲˡ

۳һ£ʵҸÿд󣿡

һ£ع۵ϧϲ

ݵ˼Ƭֿ̺ϵɳӣʵΪƪĽ⣬Ȱѧƪ̺ã

û뵽ԼѡѧϰĽȣһ±ΪƪĽ⡣

֪Լ˵֪֪ٱĻɵöࡣ

ָΪƪȽ۰ѱʼҲǺãϵɳ©ѧϰʱѾһʱ

µ˵ѧϰæʰ˶ǡ

ţȥٰѽѧϰ飬δʱٹҽдʫ

дʫ֣ʿ˰أΪĲᣬʱЩʫʲ㣬е֪ʶҲѧʦ򵥵ؽƽɡ

ԼʫͷƤˡ

ص֮󣬰ķϰ˼飬͵緹ʱ䡣

緹׼úܷʢ

ֻǲ֪Ϊ뵽ҪȥѧдʫʲôƽʱϲĲˣûǰ㡣

Ϊˣ˵ˮ˵Сĵʵ̫𣿡

ǡ۲˼˵ǵдʫ£Ѹٰ˼ڷ֤Լû¡

ƽʱЩˣ˵¡

극ЪƬ̣۾ָȥ

ľ飬ֱʵƽɿѧ

Իһѧʱʦ֪ʶ޵ص֪һ

ͷſڵһ߾ɣҿˮƽΡ

Ŀɿڴ

ȴƺȥǼСд֣˾ͺҡ

ҡ룬ܽһ綼á

ȻѡҪμӿƾٿԣЩ鲻ǲӱܵģ侲һӺ۱㿪ʼԺ˼ױ߾ʫٰ׾ƽ׾ѺϻǲѺϵƽƱ׳
  
Щûʲôʱ䣬Ͼûʼʶ־ȱʫѸٵ׶Ӧʫƽ˶

ֻǾ֪ƽƱԼʫҲʵѡ

ǶֶʱѡƵ˵

ۿһЩдĴǿճһʫԼ飬һʱҲдõˣɴۡ

ž͵һʱѾȥˡ

һ𣬿ϵɳӣȻ©˵ףæдʫֽ˹ȥ

üãתۣһһ³˸֣ڵ

һ£ƺвԱڵ飬ּһ䣬ʧճ֣ЩӦ÷Ĵ㶼ˡ

۵ͷҲ֪Լղдʫ˵ǹƨͨڵˮƽֻҲֻʵѵ

˵֮ƺˣֿ۵ͷһȡѵģ㿪ʼ˼ǲ˵̫ˣϾԼѧ

ʫҲûҪԼѧϰֵصɻ㹤ֵÿ佱

ۣ

˵ʲôֵԺѧдʫʱӳӡ

۹ӦǣʫȷʵĶ̰壬üǿϰС

ָ۶ིһЩСɣֱʱ̲ŷ뿪

ۻȥ·ϣҲԼĥһС

ʫֽ׶ѵľҪϽţǾǰƽʱģͬϽŵַűдֽϣٶ໨ЩʱҪĳϽŵʱ򣬿ٵ˳һĴʣѡϵģܱʱȥЩҪöࡣ

֮ѧϰÿһʱȥ⣬ϸ֮ǰļƻߣ״򲻶îʱ𴲡

˲һµʱ䣬Ѿѽһǧ֡ȫù죬дʫȻǻᱻû⾳ԣ֮ǰѾҪǿöࡣ

ѧ֮һϢʱ䣬ȥϲҪıīֽ⡣

ҲպóѸдû˹ȥ

ԴҪμԺ󣬾Ͳٸ飬ֻдĻȴûͣ£ϾΪˣҪάּƣܲý嶫

һʱǮƹ͸ȡ˸ⱻ֪дģԺȡʱӰ

ƾҷĹϵ͸õ»ᱩ¶ȥ
  
˿ûϡ

ֻû뵽żٺĵڶ磬ȥϿʱű飬ʣڸ

 














41  ʮһ  Ҳ  






ҪĶһ, ̧Ƥɿ쿴һۣϤķװӹ, ֮ǰĻ

ԥһ, ˻Ǳվ, ֹҲ

㡭ԭ׼ѵĻôһʸ˻ȥ, һˤ, , 㻰ͺúûش𣡡

۵ͷƲƲӦ֪Ҽ, ǰҷɸյҼңûóˣ˳ĻǲŸȥ, Ƕˡ

˵׼㳭𣿡ߵ

͵̧ͷ, ﾡ⣬Ȼҳ, ղΪʲôôҰ

Ϊؿһۣû뵽ƽʱͦģϾȻô

ҡôˣ۲ʡ

˼ҸԺҲãдҲ, ֪ܿԼõ, Խ˵Խ, ּϵĻ˰ǰôŵ, 㿴㣬ƽʱдʫʲô𣿡

˵Ȼ, ۻһŵģֲ⻰һ۾Ϳ㳭ģ

۵ıŵֻͻȻ򵽣֮ǰö˿𳭻доʵΪпӣܹппҲǵģЩظµģһӦǼԽƵˡ

Щظµˣƶƶñİõ飬ϾǶˣߣԼȥ£͸߸ϵľȥЩ˹ģֶֶֺ

ϸȥĻЩҲⲿˡ

Ҫ׬Ǯҵģܹ˵Ļ峭̸ףмܹ

ѹֵⳣָ˵ȱٳˡ

žһͨ˵֮˲٣ֵûȵ۵ĻػŻʣǰǰһ˶ٵĻûٳ˰ɣ

ûٳˣæ֮ǰҲֻʮ

࣬ԺӦòʲô鷳΢΢ףֶۣԺ󲻹ʲô֮ǰҪǹж񳭻һ档

л̵ѧġ˸лʣˣ߷ұʲôģ

ʧЦ㱳ĻԣҪҷ˵𱸡˵̧ͷ⣬صҸͬһģҲйûóԵʱ򡣡

һܹͺá

ԷʱоͰ֪֮ǰ¸˵ˡ

ӶͣסˣҪ֮дõĻҸд

뵽õķԼҷ˽⣬ҪԺдˣ϶ᱻܾǾдͲзּĻȥˡ

Ĳ̫飬ýðһЩĻкη

дĻɽдһֲ˵ܸУЦŵͷð

ҲЦ£̧ӼԷһû뵽ͦͨġ

ǡͬѧϰԽãԽȻ˿࣬ʵйŴظķҪõö࣬ǽڳ¡

ֵ»ȥʱ򣬶ҸҲһȥ

ٹհɣһ£ȥڣѾ˵ˡ

ԴĲ˱治סˣֲˣȥ궬޹żֺȥϣҪԴⶼѡ

Ҵ˼ֶ㡣

ֻҪ׬ǮͲڳԵԼˣԸɽ壬Լȥ㣬Ҳýȥ

ֻû뵽Ըѣ˶˵̣ȻסڴǾ㲻⣬Ҳܵȫ

Ͼ˭Ҳ֪Щۺ˻ʲô

һĥ⣺ҪԼڸСɡ  

ڸҷȻͬ죬ƽҪôʱȥ㣬ñ˵ǲ˵Ŀ⣬ôô

ҷãɴԼڸһݡ
  
԰۵ͷǺԺͦĿյأҲ̫󣬳߾㹻ˣһζЩţ˾һܰӵȥ򡣡

ôһ˵ҲĶˣֻǣֻ߿ĳ𣿡  

ÿȥǼҵĳĶˡ

ȻԣۻһǰСڸĳͿˡ

˶жˣ۴ںԺѡ˵طȻȥҳ·ܲæڳ

ȻǸǮ֡

ȻڴӦֲǲֻոļڣĻҲһʱܻʱġ

̸߲ҵĹϵÿθ£ĹǮҲķ

ֻг´ڵ֪ڳйǵصҺԺطЩ֮⣬ǶҲûţȷʵеطڸ

۴Ҫ˵Ŀ϶ֹЩ㾲صźĻ

Ȼһº󣬳´ֵֻǳ̫ԺСûΣա

ۼҵĺԺ¼ҵĺԺͬҲʸ˵ģԳ´˵⻰ȫΪ룬ԼҲ֪ҸгϪЩСΣյĿҲӡ

ֻȻڳȻҲ˷ķֻһСĳҲ㣬ܹԼҳԾ͹ˣ߳ĵطΧľ׮ӣļֻҪǲɣҲ겻ȥ

⵹ǿԡ´ŵͷЦŵʲôʱ򶯹Ҳȥ

ۣȻԽԽã廹ǿ·ʲôʱпա

ҽпա·²ص

ûнӻǿ壬ȳҲͷŵͿʼɡ

˶ڳǸ£۸塢·ɻģҲȫܹΧۣСһСŮ˷ܵøʲôƵģ޲ȥǰ

ֺ棬Ҳֻȥһʱճѧϰ

ںã˳ңĳңͬĳߣʳΣ֮ǰƻеԭǳ´˵ԺһЩ

ںõĳľʵɹ˼պ۾·æ˴ǰԺˮ˰ʱѳ

ǹˮģҪõһС̬С

ܿóһ̬ķǰѱĵط̬򵥵ķȥﳶЩˮݷų

һˮﶼ࣬СϺѣ΢

ֻҪһЩˮڳţͲ⡣

Ѿó·æ˰ˮҲ˼ȥæˮݣֻһ

·ߵſҪȥӱߣ˻ҸһȥȥӾ

һ٣ȥҾͲ

û˵꣬ͱ·ϣᣬӾȥΣǿġ

ۡ

һͬȥˡ

ɲɣŵӱ߾˹˵ļӡ

һмӵĿתת˳·ϡ

 














42  ʮ  Ź






װˮݵ¨, ǼӲ֪ôģƫƫ·ʵȥﳶˮݣ

ǰ·ᵭص

ȥˮݵ±ûʲôģҲ˵֮ǰڳô, ɽȥ˵, ΢һͻ֪ۼںԺ˳, ҲѾ˲֪ˡ

ǳˮݻҪȥ, ֲǿ

ⲻ֪⻰ӱ, ˴ƶ, һܼһλȾͲˣۼȴȥǼ, ֪ȥϵĻضҲ

ʳôõǴ˻Щƫƫǰȫ, Բϵ, Һ׾ͻʵƾʲô  

ֻǴҲҶô, ڴи˶Խȥָָʱϱôˣ˵֮Ҫȥμԣҫ, ˭ҪǴ, ׷Ź

û˾ܿͯ, ĻҲû˸Ҳ

Űìͷָ򾭳һĳ·ᡣ

õ·϶ĻشӾЦôƨƵİ˼, ˼𣿡

⻰ûˣ·Ц, ˼Լģ͸ͲôңѵǿûɳԣҼ

˷˸ۣƾʲô㣿

˼ƾʲôҪ㡣·¶ƲƲ죬ͷк۸߰ɣȥˮݣȥӾ

ۼսҪæ͵ͷ

˼·תͷȥԸղ˵ӵˣֵܲԲ֪϶ûݵġ

˵껹

ʧЦ￴ˣСİ

İɣԸ⼸ˣԲ˵ҵġ·ʼ

Ҳϲղ˵ӣӴһ˶Ǻദġ

ߵӱߺ󣬳·ߣЬȥﳶˮݡ

ڰ۵ЬӸװˮݵ¨ӡ

һκ֮⣬ʮСӾ߰굽ʮһͣٴһЩģΪǻˮˣΪ˱ӣ·ȥ

ȺСˮһ󣬲ջĿȥˮݵۣȴͷˮʲôѾһˣˮȴһûš

ɻġʲô

ݣۼһеݣˮܵߣ͵ǰ㿴ôһ

һۣһҪĴָָһˣȷʵȽѵãֻǡ 

ԥһµóԡ

òóԵÿ˭°͵ȥøͰɣҶһЩȥʱ˾Իٳԡ

˵뵽ݵζûסʿˮ

ԼҷģûסʧЦҲȷʵŷ԰Ѻͨģ˵ǲôóԵĶرóԣȻȥͰ

Ϻӵ̣Сյߣ۸磬˵ʲôóԵģ

̧ͷǸһģһҲǴȽĺӣЦŰݸǿ

Скҡҡͷóԡ

Ц£û˵ʲôͷȥݡ

СߵһߣֹһֻߣΪ׵Ǹ۸磬ǰɡ

ð۵ǲϲĻ»ȥɽ˸ǴĻԡ

ݱͷʱ䣬֮ǰĵڹƶ˶٣СæȻܾӵĸĸҲǱȽϺƵģָһͬϿΣǿͬʦֵܣ۲һЩô

ѵĵ˵⣬СȴһϲĿ⾯سˮӾȺӿۣĬû˵ͷƲذۼݡ

ʲôҲϹǷһƵġ

СӱֽžͿ죬һֶˣȽͰʱ򣬰ߵѾһСѡ

ȫͰ󣬾ʵôԸæݵģ

Լģǣ»ȥϵʱ򣬸ǴĻԡۿͰݣûǲ࣬ĿתˮӾЩСҼæ

ĿһһɨĥĸСӱȽĸĸҲƣǱĿꡣ

ֻǲɨһ룬ͻȻüͫһҲ̤ˮٵسȺӾС˹ȥͬʱߺӣ쿴ԱǸû¡

Ǹжӵкͷ¶ˮ棬Χȥ

ˣǵͷۼݵСк۵ĸߺҲǱߡ

Ǻü˶ӲԶǸ¶һͷˣͻȻˮ׳ȥ

ŵˮˣҲһӱסƵġ

ֻһ˲£űСߺˮˡ

֪ʱǺΧСȥæֻѳŪøӻңɴජ׼˶ӣӣϽ̳Ͼ͹ˡ

ڶӻ侲۵Ļ󣬾һˮ

Ҳܿ˹ȥС˵ˮҲ͵ؿڡ

˺ܿˮС˳۱˾ܣҲ˹

ߺ۰ˮƽڵϺ󣬾ȥ̽СıϢȴһ

ȴû˿ͣ٣̽Сľͬû̽

ӿɫأҲŵˣ߶µص۸磬ɽôˣ

ɿػһǰļ֪ʶűְɽ޵ؿķθա

ͬʱնԽԱߵĽʹ˸ɫʾ˵һߣֶԶӵָɽޱо˾͸ҡ

˵רķθգ֮󣬻˹һ¡

ԥһ£Ȼ£ѧ۵ӣʳָָ쵽ɽ޵ı棬ֶֻһҲŵò԰ס

֮ԼоֵµҲҡҺоˡ

΢΢һسЦ£޵ղ

ʱڸｽˮĸѾ½½˹һæȷԼûº󣬲ȥˮ˭ȻΧԱ߿š

̽ɽ޵ľȷѾ£ͻȻȺۼϵɽޣɽޣѣû°ɣ

˵ԹؿܵĸˣǲæˣôСأǿʲô£

˵꣬Ⱥи壬ͬʱ˵ЩʲôϽ޶ˮ˵

˵Ѿ˸ǰϥǣɽѹˮѹ

˵Ⱥ棬վһ
  
Ƭ̣Ҳֻɽ³һڲˮ

ȴ˹ָ˶Сؿһ

Χŵһ¾ͷˣ˶˿˾ͺá

ϥǸɽѹˮҲ˿ɽ޽Ұ˸ͻȥҺϽ·ˡ

úáӦ

Χ˼Ҫ뿪׷ߣóһ

۸Ѿ˵Ⱥ棬˱ɽ޴ǰʱۿɽ޵ɫҲѾָһЩӦ޴󰭡

ȴھߵʱ򣬶ݺݵصһۣҼɽû£Ҫи̣Ź㡣  
 
















43  ʮ  øпǰĸ  





ģӻ˵, һߵĶӾط۸ɽޡ

ĸҪԻؼҵСҲͣ˽Ų, ۼͱȽϴǸҲ˻, վ, ŲӶԹ˵, ղҪ, û˷ɽˮˡ
  
Ǵͷ, мС˦ĸ֣˻վ۵, һͨҺ˼˵۾ɽޡ

ʹûܻģҲڸĸѯ˵˸ղſ

ӱôຢΧŷһһס

ɽߵ˶ͣ˽Ų, ͷۣղھɽޣ

˵, ӾȻصղھɽޣɽ޴ˮʱû, 尴һִ˼󣬲ź˵ģһֱɽ޵ıǰ棬ԲŪġ

⻰һ˵, ٸ˲ŵɫ԰ס

֮ǰҶֻΪǺˮ, û뵽Ȼûˡ

ӵֱӳס, Ҵҵʵûŵɣ

Ҳ¡侲ҡҡͷ

ҲȥԼĶ, ȷº̧ͷ۵, ͶԵ壬Ȼǲ֪ôʲôãܹ򵥼Ͱһˮû˵˾ȻҽݵĴ򶼲ġ

ǼӻǴ͵վ˾ͿȥˣȰɩӣղ⻰˵̫ˣϽ۵Ǹɡ

˿ͷҲ׷׵ǰ˼۾Ҷӣ㻹˵ŹҲ̫˺ġ

ǣ־Ķ飬Ϸﶼ˵ţҪġ

ƽʱڴϲ˵ǷǣԸ˴඼˽˵ģһȺΧţǸ滹һЩĺӣϱЩҲס֧֧صղšҴ㣬Բס

۾ǳڱܣͼ˭ĸл֮ǰҲ֪ˮ˭ȺС˵ûǵң㹻ˡ

Կ⸱ŤŤǸ̬ȣҲûֻصȰѺӱȥɣˡ

ߣߡӦתͷæɽ޵ˣɽ壬鷳ˡ

뿪֮Ҳɢ˸ǣԼҺߡ

룬ס

Ϊղž˵£︾Ƕ۵ĺøпǰĸߣ۵Ļͣ½ŲСʲô𣿡

ģӵͷЦղſˮʱҶˮģҾͺæ侲Ҳ¸ңһˣ˵ʱҲ

˵ͰѶߴ˴

̧ۿһۣмεĸо

ۼ״̲סЦ£ٿӵʱŶ̬ȣ˵ľ£ϵʱ򣬶һ

վʮһкӣͬˮԸܹͬûϢ״̬Ȼڿûʲô۵ϻجΣҪӵŷġ

Ǹ۰ϸĵģ۵Ļ˵ͷʡˣϻ˯

ԲƲƲ졣

۶Զӻͦϲģ֮ǰˮʱ侲֮һվӣȴӿ춮һЩ

ĶӵļԺпҼ氡

ӸͷӦͻȻ뵽ʲôԥһ£̧ͷһۡ

ﲻźۼһ£Щεص˵˼ʥ˱ӣȥС۸漸Σ˵ʥҲһˣϽӦ¡

ǣӼͬˣת۸λε˷ܣС۸磬𣬵ʱӾ

˵꣬;ס䣬ǳıӵ𣿸ո˼ɽ޲ˮ컹Ӿ

ʲôҵģֲ£ӵС۸Ҳһ

ЩΣҲӾ
  
ԽǰȻӾոˮ߶Ǽ£ԵظоǲӾġ

üۣһ²ŴкӣѧӾбҪģҸղ㲻Ӿ壬ʵΣա

濴һۣٽ϶ղ˵Ļ²ЩطˮǳͷӦӵĻҼסˣ֮ʱѧӾġ

˷ܵصС۸ҪѧҰҽ㡣

˵꣬ͱﳶֱˣѵѧãҲ˵ˣ

ѧӾȻҽˡ˵꣬Ťͷ۸𣬡С۸磬ȻؼˣҪǵҰ

ۿĸӶִԶˣԽҲ˶ȥɡ

ʣˮأ

۵ɫҪǲС߾ͻˣҲҪպ͹

֣ܿƵض¡

ȻʧЦңȥͰ¨Ӷù

¨ñⵣţҪһַֻűⵣһֻճľͰǸոպõġ

ƫƫľͰ¨һͷһͷصţȻصߺ󣬾ŵֵֻǻؼҡ

ôãҲϰЩȵС˶ˣӱֻʣǶˣʮָɴذֵ˹ȥ

˻ûߵ·׷

Ųһֻ־ûѡ

ۻعͷһĨЦݿĳ·᣺ԹϳԹ

ʲôϣ·᲻⡣

ۣ֮ǰĵЩ¡

·ĥһ£ٺЦͦġ˵һִ۵ļϣֻû뵽Сӻͦİû㶼˹

ұͺۼһ㿪·ֻ֣ջȥҷɻԱ߿ء

·Ŀɿڴٵǰ˼ۺͽ룬;Ҵǻǰ𡣡

Ҳû

ؼҺӾͰɾˮţ극ֿ˻鵽ʱ˯¡

ڶѧϰ緹ڳʱǰϵûʲôͬ  

ֻȴֱӿУ۵ĹΣʵںҵɽޣ

ǡ

ָϵ˵㣬һ²ʣ˵ɽ޵ʱûˣؿڰһֳﴵ˼ͺˡ

۵ͷҴһѧķӣǰҲûùʱɽûҲˣ鼱֮±ʹ˳û뵽Ȼá

ףʣˮбʱ𣿡

̧ƤһۣǺ˵ͻȻûԼҲû˵£Ϳӣһá

ⷨӽ̸𣿡ʣĻҾȥ£ôҲѧѧ

˵̾˿Ǵδÿ춼һΪӾں

֪кĴӣҪСȥӾֱǳ˵Σķθո˹׷ȻܶžˮΣգΣպǶһĻᡣ

˿ûԥӦֻҪԸѧڡ

ص˵ͷ

֮Ľѧʱ䣬һʱ󣬽ѧ۳ţˣм¸ղ˸˵ǰЩҸϼżʱ򣬴һ𶨺˽¾ŵǸ߻ĵص㣬Ǵ岻Զɽ

ɽȥʱҪǴߵɽԼĪһʱ䣬ȷʵԶ

Ҫ˵Ŀ϶ֹЩ۱ֻͷš

һ£ѸߣҪɽɽ£Եʱȥɡ

ңŵ֪Ǹ߻˾ۻᣬֵʫʽᡣ

ʽѧдʫʱҲһ£Ҫôȥ˼ѧʮʮıȣʱɱ涼

 

















44  ʮ  ֻöŬŬ  




۳Ĭ, Ǽѵؿ˿ڣ˵˶Ը˵Ǿ仰, ҾҲ̫С

Ŷ, 𣿡Ц, üʵ, ɽܹУ

˵˸, һ̬ӵģ

ۣ

Ȼϵ, Ȳ

㿴ⲻ͵ˣ۵ļ, ¾Żнʱ䣬ú׼һһԵġ

ʲôðļ⣬ܾ˵仰ʱ, ׼˵ñȱҪ֡

һ, ͻȻʲôεӦѧˡ

³̫Ѿܶ, ٽʱ̫߼ɹͷ̵ġ

۴ҳ뵽ﴩöķľˮԾͼӿ˽µٶȡ

ڴӶͷ, ʹٶ, Ҳʮӡ

ҵʱͷ, £ͿԺŴ, ſվ˺üˣæѽ⵽һϵá

ſڵ춯, Сˡ

ţɨ۳´ߵĹӺɽޣĿڳӵϣʵǣ

ӳʹ˸ɫʾ˵  

죬һ¡

۵ûװűīֽӷŵݵſ档

ӿӲ˵ͷصСӾȵɽޣҲҸģԼ˵ѵҪǸ˵

졭лɽޣҴлض˵꣬һԵɽޣлл۸硣

лл۸硣ɽ޸ظһ飬֪Ϊˮԭ򣬿Щ޾ɵġ

лԴǴޣ²˭Ҷȵġ

˵⻰ʱͣûղôˣ£鼱֮ˣһʶ

˵ŵӵݸּۣɽޣûҲûĿԻر㼦͵ǵһ⡣

ǻһˣۿ϶ˣνҪ͵˻ðġ

лǹӣԾ𵱳δʱ䣬Ҫ˵µ£ûȥӡ

ҪôܾվĵǸлǶˣӻûȥɡ

Ӽܾѿڵ˶û˵ʲôʡ

۴Ļ˼ҵ˼

˽֪ȻԼǰڵһλ˵ǰǰ˵ˣмضʲô֪Եɡ

˵ҲǿӲ˼֣ӵĵлˣֻǼлҪæذɡ

ӱ۸ղŵ̬Ūһ£һֱýǸƢܺõˣû뵽Ȼôʱ򣬲ҲԼµмʲô֪£ûвԡ

ֻг´ĿڼתһȦڹϣصϱȻˣǰ˵ĻһǸ

ҡӽ֮ǰҺ˵˵۶鲢ΪɽǹҲӡ

˵۽Ծüɫûʲô仯ּڴ£˵Ļȥ۶ᣬ²ż

ἰɽǹʱ򣬾ͱһ仹ᣬһĿڣûסǳôôϲǡ

Ժ󲻻ˡ˵꿴۸һۡ

ȻԺ󲻻ֻ۸

۹ܲô࣬ҲܣֻصϣӼסյĻҲһھȹɽޡ

һ£æһסġ

˵վƬ̣ʹɽ뿪ˡ

´ԺӺŵȻϱǸϲ˷˵ģɽû˵ΪɽޣԺҲ˵һ䲻ǡ
  
ͷʾ֪ˣ˱Ͳͼʲô˰ƽ˴һӣܸоֵֹġ

´ԸᣬҲû˵ֻڸ뿪ǰֶ˽һ䣬۶ᣬȷʵżϱĺ˵˵ϡ

ǶżʣԼĳֲ²⣬־š

˵ȳ´һߣŽʣ֮ǰڴ¸˵ʲô

ЩѿǺߣͷ֪Ҫô˵ڡ

һ˼а취Ҫǲ˵Ҿֻȥʳ´ˣӦǲµ˰ɡ

ȥס۵֣ȥʳ´ͷȴԾǵŵģȥ۵۾ǲӶȾ˱죬Ӭƽʱȥ㣬Ӵ·ʶĻҲͣ䡣

㻺˵յ龰һҴź棬ҾͱŶය˻·ڶĺӣ˵ңȻôϲСԼϽһ
  
кðһŭ

⻰Ƕһճ׵Ů˵˵Цһ˵ˣΪ˭֪ҪʮֵĲס

ҲǺ֪ģ˵ǱȽϤķҲڳ󣬲кӡ

ٴҲûбֳǼװ¶һ㵵ı鿴۰Ͱ͵صǳײżգ͹˵𣿡

£ŵ˵Щʲô

ѵô۵ôҪиӣȻÿ˯ιԷˮҪ棬ʱʱ̶̿ҪʱĻпմң

˵⻰Ȼǲýѹ̫󣬵˺ЩԴ׵Ļ⣬ȷʵﻰ

ǴԽǰڣûԼΪ˸ģڵʮꡣ

ų׶ãŨʱҪ˺ӣ˿϶ȫעڶԷϡ

ãûˣ

ôˣ¶ίı飬ǿҪӵĻҲֻöŬŬ

ˣûס¡

۽ŵһϣ꣬ǵŹ

ôһ˵ҲЩҡˣҲͦõġҪȷ˵˲ż֮ǰ˹ӵĻѹǵ±Ҳˡ

ԭ˵۶ɵøڷܲУߣ־Ƕ۵ĲΣɴ򴽣ûнӻ

ͨιͨһŶԷ¶ûˣϵۡ

***

۴Σӻؼҵʱ򣬶ӿȻͺһȥӾ

۱ӾٴѧᣬֻǸһĺȥܸо̫ãȥϳ·һ

·ҲûʲôӦ¡

ǰͻӾʲôĶ˽̣Լǳˮռһһϰ߸ƽ⣬ʱ򣬱ѾܹϼԶ

ӿ̲סΪѧӾģû뵽С۸졣

·Ҳ棬ٶʱ䣬ǲǶεȥ

ǲУϣ۵Ҳûʱҡ

˵ָѾ½½ӱĴˣΪԼãȻһҪ˵ķӽ̸ҡ

ӼæС۸ȽҰɡ

 
















45  ʮ  ְֽ 







֪ô˵, ѧķθո˹˲١

˸ĵطôΧһȦкų·ӽȦڡ

һ˷ܵصС۸, ҪȽ𣿡

, ֻҪֶѡҡͷ

·ɻ֣

۵ͷ, ָָ棺, ɵϵ֡

ΧܵĴ˷Ӧ, Цŵ٩·, Ϊף

㲻·ͷ˵һ, ֿۿ϶񣬻ȥ

֮ǰ٩˼ѾɺãЦŵⲻʹôΪ׵»Ҫˡ

ۿ·ƲƲ, ˵ȥ·ﲻˬ, Դ˴ҵۣʱ, Ҫע鶼һ飬ϸ©߼Ǵ

⻰һ˵ܹȻˣҾص۵ʾ

ǰ˾רѵôķθ, ԲʲôĶſú׼ȷ, Ҳ˹, һӦôҪʲô̶, ʲôҪעģ˵ʮϸ

һ׶, мԺõѾסʣǸ촵أ

˻ŹԿֲ´оûסͷһۣղѧ𣿡

ѧ˰ǰһ飬Ҽ顣

аûзԣ־ѧϰȷʵ˸ȷķֻǰѵ㰴ʱ㣬ֻʾ

İɣʡá

ǳ·ֱȵһιˡ

Ҳȷʵɵģһ·ظСϸ۾һ⣬û⡣

̧̧°ͣҾ˵Ҷ˰ɡ

۵ͷǻˡ

ǽǸ

һĨЦȻô㣬·ʾһ°ɣҾԱָô



𾪹ѿڵҲŲҪ·С촵أ

·ҲŴӵ˵Ըⱻ㴵һ  

Χ壬Ǵˣʲôýġ

Ϊʱԭ򣬸˻ǾǺ׵ѯۣ԰Ķѧᣬʾͱˡ  

һ˼ͷӦˣֻǰҪϸڸҪעĵطǿ˼顣

Ҷѧ֮󣬾뿪

·ӵϷסҲ뿪ۣʵǸ̫ˣҪЩС

¶һ֪ЦҪʲôĲ

粻ںЩ𣿡·ٺЦȳԵʱЩ¡

ۣû٣ԵĻȥЩʱһ

û⡣·˸ƣŶӾºӵ̡

ҡҡͷ˼ԺݣΪζ̫أǰҲûҲ֪·ġ

Ҳûȥ׷ʣΪװˮݵ¨Աߵ

Ϊɽˮ£ûüˮݣðѷųˮݶȥС

ӱ˼󣬽һµղǵǸ˵ķӡ

û˵꣬ͽӵѧ𣿡

ͷ롣

һȥ㣬ְֽ̣ЦеԲ©κһ衣



뵽ղűʡȥʾ·ʼͬͬš

ϣ۹Ȼûʳԣְֽ̻˽ôķθո˹

·ݣҲһˡ

һͰݣɺݵĻͳԲôࡣ

۾ͷһͰԺһ죬ýСǰⶼų˳ԣһʱԲľɹɣһ궼ỵ

ʣµСͰϴɾòȥβֹͣ˼ˮſʼ

µѼۼѾȱϣ˽⡢Ҷ˽ǡƤ⼸ټϰṩĶ㹻ζȫѹȥ

۳ʱ򣬳·ԱһջһŲ￴

С꣬ҲһͷĻܵſڿû

ۿͷԸС꣬Ժժһռ⣬Ȼ

һ˵ǷģСıؾȥժˡ

ϵʱ򣬳¼һҶۼҳԷ

۸Ūһݣһˮ㣬ֳ˼زˡ

ͰԺԣ̫ɽ֮½΢罥𣬼Χǰ߳Ա˵˵ЦЦ

ԺΧ˼ݣҲĻҧˡ

Ӹ´ȳ꣬ȾƣԵ

۸г¼öˣһŸǩԡ

ӿҶϲҡҡͷҲǶ÷ô͸ݡ

ⲻǺó𣿡˱˿ϵ֭

·ŵͷĺóԣ»ȥһЩݻҲ԰ɡ

ӳһ£ûдӦ

´ɨ۳ԵýζˣͷҿԣȻѶһ겻ԶˣֻԸһػС

ȴҶԱ֮ȥԱ߲ժ˼ƹϣľˮϴɾһһأ˳ˡ

ν൱⡣

ӹͬʱҲû˵Ǹ߻ʱҪʫ¡  

˵ú׼ÿգͻдһ׸Ǹ߻մߵʫ

żҲʫĿ

ʵ˾ۻᣬضյ֣ʫ޷Ǿдд֣ǰ˽׼ҪǶûѹбԵĿֻ˵ùˡ

мҲйҪʵڲУĬдһǰʫͷ

ֻͷðͱѹ˻ȥһˮƽֻҪʫͻ֪ǲ

Ǿ֪ҲǵãȥԼһء

ת۵˰£µϰ۰뵽Ŀдһ顣

дõʫ͵˵ͷʫڵǸ߻ϣ䲻ܰεͷҲڱЦ

дʫѧ˼£̶ܵѾ㣬뵽Ǹ߻ỹпһʱ䣬͵תǰȥһɽ

ۿһۣƬ̺Ӧ£ԣϢһ죬ѧϰ

ۻصҺ󣬾˴ҴҵذϢ˽һȥɽ

֪֮ҪȥμӵǸ߻ᣬ뵽ʲô̫ȷǣ

Σ˳ǰȵ㡣۵

 

















46  ʮ  Ӧòһȵ 




˵Ҫȥɽȵ, ֵ൱أڶһ磬׼ҪõĶ

·, ֮ǰûȥɽ, ܱѡΪ˵Ǹ߻ɽ̫, ˻˳, ȥɻʱŻᴩĶ̴

ͷҲӰ, ƽɽɻûʲô

緹Ҳһƽʱİ̲嵰, ׷ҪԵĲ, ߲š

ɽߣ۸ȥȵģྰﶼҪϸ۲죬۱ЩԵ, ɽϳԡ

ԭЩȥɽҰ, ֻܳʱû꣬ɽľ, ҰһСɻֲա

۰òҶŵķţװˮͲڱ¨źú룬ְѲ񵶸Ҳϡ

, Ҫʲô

, ·ľ֮, ֻΪ׳Уʲôá

ò񵶵ʱ򿴵˳һ, û뵽ʲôãʱ, ܾӦûãҲء

ʧЦǾһϰɡ

˴Ժ󣬾Ͱŷϣί˸ڵĳ´æŵӺ뿪

۸һҵʱߵɽѰָɽ·

ɽ·ڴһ鿪ƽأƽмһдɽֵʯ

һƽתȦΧľɫһһ£ʽѡһʫѡʲô

ӡҲָʯŲ

ҲǡЦŵ

һ˺ϱҪ󣬴ʱҶӸպȾһǳƣעĿ
  
ȵ³ҶӦöɽɫҲᱻҶһɫ̺ӣʱһȺߵ˾ɫ벻ͣʫѡ

֮ߣһ·ۿʲôΪͻĶҲѯʽļ⡣

ɽľɫȷʵҪǾĺҪõöࡣ

ɽвϪһٲɽ׹䣬ٲԱֿͤͤԶɫ

۸ͤͣãſɫȥɽʱͤϢԶ

šһӦ£ͤԱ߾ٲٲ罦ˮ˿󲿷ֵϢӦû

ͤɽҪһȦߣ·ֲïܣɫ֮ǰͤǴ

ûʲô˵ľɫĿͿʼܿƵɨӣͼҵҰ֮ԳԵġ

ˡ

ھɽԶĵطһõ˽ƹӵ

ۿ˷֣ܵҿˣȻɽʱժһЩȥ

ѭָķ򿴹ȥͿ̫ߵϣһЩСĹӡ

Ȼ󣬵ʤڳܣһۿȥһƬʮϲˡ

ӣջĿ⿴Լ˷ܵòеķΪʲôҪֱһôı¨ˡ

һɽ·ɫһ㣬ȵɽˣ羰ֻԡ

ɽɽһΪһżʯ壬ʯͷϿһЩʫģʯ±ϻɢżӭ

һߵĵģγһƬĺ̶֮ǰٲƾǴӺ̶ȥˮ

۰ѿľɫԼסָһ뷨Ĩ˰Ѷͷϵĺˣ߰ɡ

ȥժӣֱժһ¨Űݣջ˼¹

ʱѾʱ̫λιͷΪ͸磬ȵ

¨Ҳװˣ۱ȥͤԶϢһһЩٻؼҡ

ɽ·ߵÿ죬ûʲôҪ۲ģң˾ͻصͤ

ֻǲ̤ͤۻûüѱ¨£ɽ·˵үǰиͤټһ£ȥϢ

Ķһ٣һۣɻ

ɽǴӣû˵˭̴˵ģģȵģǴԻ벻бʲô˻ɽ

±¨ͤĽŸѡ˸ٲַ㿴ɽ⾰ɫĵط¡

ķŸװˮͲڱ¨ûҪó˼

ֵƬ̣ڼһֱֻ֮ǰү˵һȴû

ҪýˣһȽϴֵĴҪΪ

˵ͤ棬Ҳ˻ʯðë޵Դ

ߵͤʱ򣬿ͤˣһ¡

Ϊ˿ʵ̫ˣ۸ͷк󣬾ɺǸͯװ˷ţͤһ¡

۲źۼؿ˶һۣΪ֡  

ΪɽϾ磬õڵǸ߻֮ǰȵ㣬ȻҲõ

Ϊģ

۵òˣȴһκɫҲͯĺ죬԰׵ÿһ˿Ѫɫɫǰ׵ġ

˷һ£ͯͼææӱ¨óͲ˵ݵǰүȺȿˮ

üͷһûסͲ͵ߵʱֹȵȡ

ˮĶͣ£ۣϢȵص̨к£

±ӣҿ̫ãָմ̫³òҪźˮЕ

ͯԼæͲߣүǵȻٺȰɡ

һ˲ʧ䣬Ŷ۹֣л̨ѡ

۰˰ֱʾ⡣

֮ͤһȱʮֵİĸ˭û˵ֻԱٲˮ̶Ļ졣

ֱ۶ӷһ죬㲻ٹ˼ûжԣѱ¨ͲóýȺһˮְõķóںá

룬Լ˳ԣ˿ţνƻ᲻ڡ

¹ϣݸȱˮԳһĶҸղɽժġ

¹Ѳ㣬˸һϵʱ䣬Ҳѷųˡ

ӹ֮æлĳл̨⣬̨֪Ҫγƺ

ۣڵأ

º졣˵˸˵

Ҳһȴ˵ָģЩ

״ȴһϲԭҲǶˡ

۵ͷǳϣűͤߣͷʼзš

ͯҲѴĳʳ˳ĶҪḻö࣬˰Щʳ⣬Ȼˮ

ֻǺɨ۾ͱûʲôʳ

ֱͯóӣֽȴԼԣǰݸ۵ҲҴӰɣԼԺģȱҪóһЩ

ӱȭͷС˶٣ëϴɾ͸ý͸ƤƺܿĹ⣬͸Ĵˬ

۳һ£лӹ

֮ԳԶûٽ̸ֻͤ۸ϸϸԼͯȰһ

۸ѷŷֳָ֮һ͵ӡȷʵ˵ǰ㣬ҪóԵöࡣ  

ǳֹ꣬ͣ˳Զͤ࿴Ⱥɽ

۸һ˶úӦòһȵģǰʵΪλʱɽ

 
















47  ʮ  ΪζԺعã 





תͷ, һ˲Ļ㱣Żع񣬴ǣһĨǳЦ, ֪Ƿ֪, ˽ĵǸ߻Ƕɽ

۾ûʲô, ˵֪, һºĵǸ߻ٸ˷, ׵֮ǰ

ҡμӽĵǸ߻ᡣ˵⻰ʱ봹, ۵׼Ȼ

۹ɫԼĳֲ², ̽ʵԺǡ

ֵӦܿãԳһЦǰһ, Ƿܹɽ

ûнӻ, Ϊ֪Ҫô˵״̬, ˵ɽˣȻɽ¶ѡ

֪ͯʲôʱͣ³Զվ󣬼۸û˵, ͲԵһʲӵǸ߻ô, үôͲֵá

С, 㲻쿴Զƣҡҡͷ

ǲʲôʫʸ踳, С֪үС, ôһڣȥ㲻һҲüȫʹ˯ž߲·

ѵ²۱ˣһүȫʹ߲·ǳ겻˶ΪͲ˶Զǿ׳

С߶߶үҲǿϷ˲ڼңҪڵĻĻɽƽȥϲҪţ·

̲סֻ²ۣǲԵǳʶ꼴Եм¼ǽǳĳ̲סҪ˵һ䡣

ЦЦüĿºֲͣߴͽ̡

ͽ̲ҵ۵ֻʲС˵ƽʱȥϲԼ·

һôʻǳʶ֮ˣ˺ױڴԼļҵӶðĿֿɫ̹ú˿ûокβʡ

˵ͷĸϧŻ˰š

˵մ˿ּӦҲΪٴɣд˵ֲ˶

δ촹дƽնֻÿζһЩʱҾͻܼ죬˱㲻ٶˡ

̲סҡͷղſɽɫɫҲֻǲ԰ףǴɫûʲôɫӦþͲʲô༲֮ġ

ĶСĻ۾ȸӿ϶ӦټϺȱе΢ʳ֢ԭ

ҡͷšüʵֿҲף

̾˿ͬǶˣӦöˮ಻ĵֻоܳʡƣߣѵ賩֮˻ָ£˵γֲˡ

겻֪뵽ʲôû˵

Сûȫۻ˼Ҳ֪ȰԼүּԼү㶵Ĳ˵үϲʱ·Ƚžͻ۵óҹߣڶ𴲶ѡ

۹ͺã뵽ͬȥͬµڶ۵öһ¾ģ̲סЦЦӸСͣСһ룬һ̶ˮƽȻһ㣬ֻҪҲܲˣͻȻһ죬ˮ̶עˮˮˮⲻ˻Ѭһӣȵѳˮȫˮ̶Ҳûгζ𣿡

๫˵ȷʵеСͷôһͣ̾ˣֻǽ뵽ʲô͵̧ͷۣŵصȻүˮ̶

ҿûô˵̯֡

Ҳ˼г۵ֵ˼ˡ

ֶСǸպóĸĸײڼҵʱ䣬úóһ

С񣺡Ҷúү

ЦŵҵźֵĺϢյǸ߻ʱڴһɽ

ҲЦһŬ׷ֵĽŲ

˵⻰ʱ򣬺̫ͤ͸ͤյһҫۡ

ĵ˰ȻҪлС  

ֵƬ̣̽ȻôЩףĳʵΪ棬Ϊλ˵Щ

۵֮ǰҲ̫ã䲻ôأڴҲ̫صĻҲöˣ𽥱ǿ׳ġ

ΪǸͬܣ㱧ǸصҲʵġ  

ްҡҡͷͻȻʲôһվһʱ˼˻ʹ泩ܶ࣬Ҳܼۣ֮Ҫѧ𣿡

۾һҪأҪˣѧ

۱ѼЧ춯һһ̸˺죬۵ҧˣԱߺƽһٵۣ֮ˡ

Լҧ֡

Ҳ֪Ǳѧ֮ĸжԼ˽˵Ȥ춯ÿ϶Ĺ㲥Ҳһ˺졣

ÿ緹֮ǰһΣ൱дǰĥīĶǰǰҲҪһΡ

Ҽסˡͷ۽̵Ķ

˵տʼ˵ĻлɵĻǵ㻳ҲѾȫŸղǼɢˡǼƼ򵥵Ķ֮󣬾Ըоԭܵ˫Ѿܶࡣ

۲֪Щ뷨ѧ棬ְԼľ鴫ڸտʼʱ򣬲üһʱ·Դһ㿪ʼʱ岻ôˣϰ

ͷʾ

ֵջȥ֮󣬿С㰴˫ȣԽǰ۵ĵطԽҪܳܵҲ֮ʹ

뵽ղǼʱʹԼ֮ɣ⻰˿ûлɡ

۰Ѹý̵ľͶˣͻص¡

װˮͲ˵ô໰ڿ˰ɣ

۹һĨЦ˿ˮŷͲʱڽߵԱ߿ţҵȻúúñֲС

Ϸһ㱡죬㡭̺عô𣿡

ۣҪ飬Ҳ㻹ԱߣοֻǼ򵥵Ķѡ

˼ˣͤô󣬻ڡ

һ£ٿعӵĶǴ˺þ

ĸһֱͤʱ̫ͤûˣҲϢò࣬һɽ  

۸вƣۣСҲãֻк죬㱻СţߵʱȻڶ

СˤСסѱ¨һֱûϵ˳ĻһͷϵϣߵʱҰŵ㣬Էˤ

뵽ʲôЩΪѣҲȷ֪Լ״̬ɽȷʵΣգûоܾϵӣ۵л

ߵɽŵʱۿԭտͣһ

򿴵Ǵɽ첽ܵ߰˱үû°ɡ

û¡ҡͷȳãŴӴԴ۸ּסδСһ̣

סڸҴ壬۵߻ȥҲһʱ䣬Ͳͷˡ

ȷʵԼߣɫЩʧ䡣

۰˰֣ҲϽȥɣһ죬ЩϢ

˵Ž뿪ˡ

߳һ·󣬽ʣΪζԺعã

 




















48  ʮ  ջ 






۲ʣúΣ

˷, ˵ʺ룬ּ˾, Ƿ˶顣

ЦŵԳΪύ𣿡

ʣأ  

Ȼ֪߷Ҳ, ü, , ԭӶͿԱøӽǿ׳һ, Ϊʽ, ĲҲһԭɡ

˵, ͣһ£صȻЩҪɡ

ϵʣҪʲô

ȻΪ˳ѽ۵, ѧ·, Ҳպȱһһ·ͬеĺѡ

Ҳһֱڷ⣬Ŀƾƶ, ͲǰУΪǵһԣͲҪԼһű٣ҪͬοĿᱣ, ʱֻҪһ, 

ϸ̶ȼ˽ƾƶһ, ô΢һЩƾƶͯᱣ, ˣһĺô, ֻʣ˹ġ

ȻͰ˹һ˵ͻԭط

һʼ֪ɫԵĶͼύֻɻ󣬡عӵ̸¸ţӦôʱ̵ûȡŵĹ𣿡

Ȼδ˽Ҳ²ֵѧʶ϶ûģ۶ϽĿ⣬͵ˣԣҪ峡

ղֻ飬Щѣһ㲦ô£Ժعӽ״̬Ҫ峡ȷʵЩѶȡ

ڲĺ״̬ΣǽղΪʲôû뵽һ㣬ƾϸȫӦòǣʣղǲ飿

ǣһ۵ʲ룬ңڼסҲΪ˳𣿡

ǡҲص

۶ôʱˣ۵Ϊλ˴𰸣Ҳȷһ뷨ֱӾ˵ǡ

ôȻط񶨣㵵ԭأ·ߡ

ǣһ֣ŽǰߣϷʵصҵʱڼסǼɫˣ

ŵһأҪקС㡭˵Щʲô

һٹЦ

˵֮ȥ˸ڳ¼ң߳´ǻˣٰæӡ

´Ժ£ǽº͵Ц£ʵǽȥôʱ䣬Ϊժӣ

ۻصб顣

˵ӱ¨˼͸˵ӷŵ´ߡ

´￴¨ֻһģһ㻹һӲɫɽһ֣Ҳ˭ҵģȥժУûľڼ죬Ҳĺóԡ

۵ժûģû

´۾һֱ壬Ŀȴڽϣ㻹

֮ǰɲʱ۹⣬´ôʣҲֻɫؿһۣȻͷǰܲɻ

һѯҪҪ˵

´ȻҲôģЦŵҪǳˣҿҪƤּԡ
  
۽ӻҪˣ϶ҪһЩġӲŸտʼ죬һˣͺϳ·ᣬһȥɽժЩҶһЩ

⻰˼Ҫķ߳¼ҡ

´ˣæôɡ

ʲô¡۵

ڵԣ˶֮⣬Ҷ׬Ǯķǳգڳ£쿼ȡܹصסˣȻ͸¶ȥ  

ı˵廨뷨ʲô˵飬ϵ׽¼ңֻҪԸѧ۸˶ΪԽ̡

ûʲôܴļҾڸڣ¼ֻҪ΢һ㣬ͲѲµôɵġ

´صãЦŵҵɹĺϢ

۸ؼ֮ǰѼ͸˵˳ӲӾȫһϴɾ

ϴȥյϸ޲ˮ֣ȻʱһˣҪϸذӵƤȫɾ

۸˻˰ʱŰһ¨ȫꡣ

Ž˼ϸժʱµһϸ֦ϵÿϵһϵ֮£ǵģ

ƳγһƬɷϲˡ

ƤҲûжװ̯ɹɣ֮˪ʱҪõ

һļڣ۲ȥɽ˵㣬ʶһλѣһ¨ĵӣνջࡣ

ڶֻص֮ǰϢÿ׼ʱұ

ֻȥɽһ˺󣬵ڶʫûסüʣɽЩʲô

ɽľɫվߣѧȥһˣ۽磬ľְԼɽһ·ɽȫһ顣

ߵͷ⡣

˻ΪϧصӦһͬǰȥǡ

ۣ

Ϊȵ㣬ԣҲǸһΣҪǴǸСݣɾͲôˡ

ɽʱ˺죬Ҳ˶磬ܺùһʼͲǶ硣

뵽죬ʣˣˣҲġ

ϪֺؼҵӣЩ죬ôʶģ

۵ȥɽʱɽż

Ӳ⣬źؼСӱȴಡլӶٳô᲻˴š

ⲻӦǶΪǸʱû˵

ಡǾˡ۵˵ҲμӵǸ߻ᣬǰһ£ܲɽ

׵кܲμӿƾٿԣʫ飬峵Һؼпнʿ˵ģ游йܸ̽ύҲһ¡

۲µӦòֻû뵽Ȼҡ

һŹֵı飬ʣʲô𣿡

һ£˼Ǹйصġ

ᵽɫֱ࣬ͦһЩ˵

֮ǰ˵ʮٲμԣǾͻһ꣬۵ʵҾѧʶͿ³Ҿ㲻ɣǰӦһ»Ҳá

˵һ֮ǰʮٲμԣҲǿСûˣŵһЩ˵ֿһʱ٣ʵҲҪҪһͬμԡ

۵ͬһμӵĻͿԻõ˭ױۡ

ȻҲ뷨ֱֻ׵˵Ǿò̫ãͰϣΪʲôطм˸ףȥȥȥϽȥҵȻҪд֡

۴һμûʲôˣ˸ʼˡ

ھ¾ŵǸ߻֮ǰһգǾԲڡ

۸ȻֻˣǶԣǶٴӵһң԰²ŲѮ˾Ϳʼ׼

 

















49  ʮ  ȱԲ  




۶ڴ̶, Ⱥͯʱڵˡ

ʱڴѸóԵǹڴܹΧ

ǰհҪʲô˶Žá

ʮĵϣȥ, ȴƽҪȸԾһЩ, Ϊڼ㡣

Ȼһ˺һ, ȴԵʳܲС

ȴǳ, ˵һЩ𻨸±, ʮȥ͸

˵, 𻨸⵹ãҲ, ±ȴȫһ

ĬԺûбƤ±Ҳûص±ֻܳ±£±, ְοǸ˯, һͷ

һ굱ݣź鱾ѧﻹ, ȸˡ

ʲôôżĵ

±ӣⲻҷڼ׼ҪõĶ



ΪεؿһۣҲˣǰǧֳ⸱ģ, ̫̰ڸ֮, ˷顣
  
ѧʡáӦ

ۻͦĵ, Ӧ£Сȵذ˰, Ͻȥں, һдʫҡ

˵һϵĶ͸һ鷿

ƽ۵ſڣˣͺ˻鷿ѧ㲻ˣҲԼ鷿֮ġ

ȴһֱߵԺ

ǰֻܸ۳ȥתȥˡ

ۼ״һʵǣ

̧̧°ֵͣȥʦĸ׼ʲô

ƲƲ죬ĵû뵽ԼȻǸصİ

ҳˣŻȥֻͷ뿪ˣȴ߳ԶԸоǼ˻ڿ

ǵȾ˾ۼĻʱ˽Ų
  
Ȼӿ̵ߣЦŵСӣˣϽȥд

ҼҵĿˣɻʣȥ벻ʲô˻֮ͣǰҲòʹ·ᣬ·϶˵Ѿû߶ˡ

ӵͷǰʱʹ·ء

·ؼʣ˲²⣬ӵл󣬾ͼҴҵظ˻ȥ

ûߵſڣͿ֮ǰɽ¼

ȷǺ֮Ȼǲ׶ԷΪʲôҹȴ֮ǰôż

Žݵʱ򣬸ղŴæ·üٵĺҲѾƽ

챾ݺȲ裬žվóȻãˡ

˵⻰̫ˡҲϰͻȻͻŵʽϾʱֲ֮ǰĵطֻ绰ͨߣȥ֮ǰǰ˴к

˵ְǰ£ԵƬ̣ȥѶ¡

۰Ѷŵ鷿ٻݣպűŵԱߵλã׵ˡ

ۿ±Ҫȥ͵緹ʱ仹磬ҲϢɡ

´ﻹȥ˵˵عİɡ

ԾûҲԼµ´Ӧǽ֮ǰģΪڼңǸˣó´Ϊ˱ӡ

º˿ڲ裬ʺ죬ҿ£

¶˷֮ܵɫҲЩմɽֱһȥͰֵĽ飬˸Ұ˫ȣϸڶȻûôܣҲû

ף˿֣˶ɹ⣬ͻܶࡣ

ֵ֮ÿ峿ϴǰһ̵Ǹ٣Ҳһʱ·֮ϹȻоˬһЩθڶǰá

۹ɫȷʵǱ֮ǰɽʱҪһЩ

ֵⲻϾҪôĸĸ׻󣬼ɫҪһЩʹԵ֮󣬾һҪһˣԵл

ˣҲûʲô۵ʱ˵ЩҲΪøԵ

ҲøΪͶԵԻֲҪܾСܵһ⡣

ۿ۶ѷһߵĶεصΪֻòˡ

֮һЩѧйصĻ⣬ȷʵ۵ǰ㣬ʴӱֲѧ̶̰ʱĽ̸۾;ǳ

ٻǰֵҪμӺǰɣҼԡԸԺԵĲ⣬»һݸ㡣

ֶҲԾܾæֵл֡

˵ʣأкδ㣿

ǿЦһ£ЩкתǶЩҲμԵ˼ֻܲܳɣڻö֪

һԵģ۵ⲻнһʱֻҪ˶ʱ˵峡ˣǿ߳˳⡣

ʧЦ㼪ԡ

СȻۼҳԷ

һ㣬һռزˡ

㿪θռƢθʺϺԵĶ

Ȼθڴ󿪣ȻԵûǱҪһЩСĿͿԿ϶ԼǰҪԵöࡣ

ȥʱ۸ְһЩԼĹ𻨸±

˱Ͳˣȿ͵󣬶Ա֮²ʶ̫ᡣ

Ϊ͵棬иɫġѡзЩʺڳԵĶȻмʵؼī

˶ˣֲٲЩ񣬶˼ĶҲܻȥ۸ţֻܵԺлˣٴӱķ油졣

ϣѵǴ۸ȥݣһ۸һȥһݽȥ͸´ҡ

´ǳֶչмӣϽգ۸׼һЩͽڡ

ʣµȻԼԡ

ҽҲϲģ⣬ѧҲ˽

ʦĸ˳緹˷˰յļ٣ôҿڼԼѧϰ

ѧϰӹɵģʱңҲ鱾ʼ׼ҪԵĶ

ͶõĲɫ֮⣬պ͵зֱŪһзһз

ԺŪú󣬾һذÿ࣬ǼϹϹģҲһӡ

۸º󣬸ڳ¼ҲѾˣС·᲻֪˵Щʲôߴߴò֡

۸˸һзĻƾƣһ£˿֮󣬲ŵԺÿһǶҪһ

źһСھƣ֪յԭǺ˾ƵԵʣâת䣬ش󵨣Ժֹһ𡣡  

΢΢һˬʵӦãҲҪһĨ

ôŽ

ۼһӲ˷Žзḻѧϰ֮

˵˵Żʱеˡ

֪죬ڳ¼ҵҲͣЪ۸ӴСϽȥ˯

ԼҲ΢ɫ죬˫Ҳã

Ҳʰо֣̺ӳڽ̯Ҫϵʱ򣬾Ժ˵ʲô

սʣղ˵ʲô

˽֮Ҫȱˡ

ʧЦڽ£̺Ӱ˶Ȼ§ȱԲֻҪһ𣬾ԶԲ

 

















50  ʮ  ɽ  






ϵ۾ѵòʱ, ѾӰƣӶǾĵģûС

ϵ, ڳ֮ǰ, Ͷϴ

ѽȥ֮, ֻ˵ˮ˲־˯¡

Ѿ̶һʱı, ʹǰһҪ˯ö, ڶîʱһ, ۾˹

ŵ˴ֻƽʱƬ̵Ľûκζ

ۻҴñ, Ц£ǵƾƣԽ˵ͦġ

һֱ쵽ʱšüһ̫Ѩһַſݳ

۸պ˶Ҫȥ, ״¶˷, ֵ˱ȲŵǰͲôơ

ʱҲû̫, ֻ͵зóԣҲĻⶫһҹҲܳˣûֹԡ

зԺ, ҽ庮, ۿԼз, ͸˼ơ

ôһ

ڰȲ, ҵġ

˵һ£Щٶ۵Դת, ̧ͷؿۣôûȥ

Ҫȥ۲ĵڽͷ̽£ȥʢ

ûθڣȻԼȥʢ۰ַͷϣֻǺ˾ƲֲǷա

˵ϵĲԼֵ˱Ȳ衣

ۼֻͦȵģϾҪȥﱨʱ䣬㶣궫ȥϢʲôһ

Գٶ۵صͷ

뿪ʱ򣬿ӱ߲̫ӣվǲģκʹҴҽ뿪٩˵ڶû㡣

Ŵҳ۾ͿüŹߣһʵ壬ǹٸ︳ˣ

ǰҲϽȥѹӶȥѯʵ˵۴˾ֻһǴģûҪԼȥ

ھͻȥ׼۵ͷӦŲȴûмӿ١

Ķˮ˵ӣĶеһĶ֮ǰͲ˸ӣʣµһĶĶĺı߲ЩӰ˵Ķ

︳ֻյӻǮǽӵĻĶˮĵӣһҪΪ︳ȥ

۸˺ܳһʱ䳯Ϧӣǵ絾ڼ˶᲻ýȥһ֮󣬱ǽǮ

Ȼ˵һģǮõʳ㹻Ĺڼţְȫлǲһġ

ƹ¼һĴˣԼ︳ۡߵ󣬷ԼԺӵžȻš

һΪ£һȥС첻ܻĵطŻţȻȥҲֻŶѡ
  
̧Ҫ䵽ϵʱͻȻ뵽ʲô˻Ϊεҡͷ˵űߵš

վƬ̺ԺнŲűűµȻű

վſڣ£ôţ

۲ʣˣ

Щ죬ˣͷˣӳȻ︳ӦûʣһЩ

Ҿ͹һ츳ˡ۸ղŴӴԱ߹ʱۺظˮ︳΢£ǼĶˮĶأҪ︳ӣӦ಻

Դӳ֮󣬼ǮǽڹܣѴͷֻ༸ķŹƽʱãȥǮĵطý︳Ǯ

ǮĵطҲ֪ÿϵ֮Ҳ̵ظжǮˣ˵һϻĴʵﻹʣʮң

ǴֻʮˣɢĻһһ㣬ҶóˣŹƽʱá

ԽԽġ۵ÿ»ǻдһµľɵļÿһķֳɣõʱжȫ˵Ŀʣ

Ѿ絾ÿʳǮҲʡˡ

֪ġ

Ǯڹܣÿδϻͻ׬ǮԼҲ嶫ǮǮٶܲ

۰װűīպú󣬾͵߰ɣȥҵĶ׼ôˣȻһȥ¡

˲ߵ¼ԺſڣͿ·һشѹӰԺҲ˲ٵĹӡ

۸ӱЦʵСӸǼҵĹ׼ˣ

ǼҾǵأյĹӲչԼԣ۵һ£ǽǮ

ӵǿɵòٵǮ

ʼ磬εصҲܱڰѹӽˣʱûóȥҪá

Ҳǡӵ˵ͷȻ֪ۼҸ˼ﲻͬʱӵ׸֮ۼԶǰ׷ȻҪȴҳԵ׶һЩ˼۸׬ǮǾǵı¡

˵ۣԼɨԺӵŻĳ·ᣬЩ֣Ҽǵҵأϰ겻ýôӰɣ

Ǵ°Ҳһˣʱ˾ͿԼҳԣϽЦŵϾҪóԵ㡣

ȫ絾ĻҪཻһЩ⻰ûó˵¼֪Ҳû˵һ

ϾҶԼĴ㣬˭Ҳ˭ҲͲôࡣ

·ҪĹȫᵽԺְżҪȷϺú

һֱڽ￴ŵĳ´͵СӵȻȥʱӹȥ

ҪᰡЦŵ

´ﺬЦͷ㽻ǮĻŸҽӵһ𣬵ȴҽٽҲ٣ﲻķŲ¡

á֮ǰҲôģ治Ҫ˿

˵ų·˹ߣҲѡһŸں档

ߵſڵʱԺﳤ̾һϰճɽ︳󣬾ûʣ¼ˡ

Բһ½ڼӵģҲ̾˿ԸߵĽһŬȿŵĹԺͲý︳ˡ

˶ӽ︳ʱеڼҽѧд֡

һ£ЦǻҪĶزУſ⽻ʮĶص︳ء

У㡣۵Լֲľ֡

áЦ۾ˡ

ˮת۱㵽˾¾һ졣

۴Ž׼õѣϳʳװˮͲһȥڸϡ
  
磬ʮкӣŸ¨ֱͦվ£࣬Ŀⶨų·

ǰ£ʲôأ

ûʲôѸҡҡͷС۸磬߰ɡ

۳һʣ㲻ڽŰɣ

һ£û˵

۰ýţʱڣҺҲġ

ʶ죬ǰЩҲүү˼Ƭ̺󣬱ͷ

Ǵ嵽ɽ²һʱ䣬˽ųֿ졣

Ϊȥùˣ˱ǻҪ硣

ɨѾȺûСӰʹҸȵš  

˼Աԭһ𽲻Ⱥ߳һˣҡǰӴⲻ㱳¨ɽ

˵ͣƬ̣ȰΧĿȫ󣬲Ż³֣񣿡

 










51  ʮһ  δĻ  




ʢ, ˵ĻǺҪǰۡ

ۼֵֿסȻŻתͷб۾Ͽ˵һ, ɫĮ, ûκαŭļ

ַʽ, Ǳ, Թ, оΪӡ

۵Ŀûﵽ, ôһۣһĿʵȥ, ȵ۾ôģ᲻úÿˣ

۲ػصôģ᲻ú˵

⻰ԱͻȻһ޹˼ɵġڡ

תͷ, ͼһŰɫѵһ, һŶӣЦ

սʲô˼۶˺ʡ

˵ͯ, δҲ̫ԵЩɣսֱղ׼̵ط̱ˣ׼˷ˣЦЦˣ

֪˽дͯ, ֻ˼ȥ, Ҳ벻˿ͯйص, Ĭû˵

Ҳ˸Ҫ˵񶼲Ҫһ, ͻԹԵ˵ȥ

ͯ֡

ƳһۺЦս֪ʲô𣿾Ͱ˵

Ŷ~ ô˽λ̨㵹˵˵, ĳԸꡣսһģϸ״

ͯ°ͣͬһܲ˽𣿡

βս˵ʲôԱ߾˵û˵иѧ  

Ȼ֪ͯλǷǵã֮ǰһݹһλǰˡ

Աмǵõ˵ͷ֮ǰһڿµѧ

ǣͯڿѧ꣬꣬дָһҲ֪ô֪еǸ߻ģֻ֪˲μӣǲǴһɽҰܻǿصĵǸ߻ᵱʲôˡ

⻰һ˵꣬ԱмȽϹŰĶͱɫμӵǸ߻ģλƼԼҵȻʲô˶Ž

ͯףһʩģʲҲŻ˵˳ЩȥҲͲȥˡ

һֱû˵ڵ˵ϢھòˣԴЦʵַűģ֪ҾûƼĪǴиλѧ

˵˵ЩʲôܻͯҪٵģܸűߵһ̸

侲ǰʹͯ˵ʲô˶ŽǸֵǼŭ㡣

ͯعԾأ˼ʸѧҾûȫʶҲ֪ʮ֮û˵˭ôѧ

үүڴס˵

үүǡ

ͯû˵ͱսϣЩ̨ʶλСֵܣҾŸҽһ£ʿӣ

㡭ôܣͯɴۡ

Ц£гʲôܵġ

ѧϰ˽꣬Ȼ֪ԼѧʶжԨֻû뵽ȺȻͦȥúúøлһδĻᡣ

ȻҲҪܲȡóɼҪѧԼ˵ɿ𻰵ĻǸղǸ

΢΢üЩΪʲôԼ

ͯȴǱһ㣬Цŵ˵еЩ˼дһ֣Ҳ꣬Ĳɳˡ

ҡҡͷͬΪˣӦ֪ʿյĿ࿴δȴԾǰ۹⿴ң֪оɽҰŶġ  

ֵֵùĿ࿴ȹ֪𣿡пֲ´˵ǵǸ߻ᣬֲǳʿ֮ǿᣬǸʫһף²𣿡

ۿ˵һֵۣĳ̨á

˵ƴӴͯҲòǰйصϢˣôȥҲʵڲÿȷʵӦõϵؽ²С
  
ֿͯʵΣ

Ⱦͱȣһ㲻ɣͯ°ָͣŲԶΪ⣬һʫɡ

սǰһӲǸղ㡭

۳ҡͷʾⲻ⡣

ʲŹʱ򣬸պһ⼸Χһʫ£м˶Ѿд

Ȼͯⷽռƣ֮ǰдõʫóдҲûʲôˡ

ͯӦ±֮ͯͰѱī˳Աߴʯͷϰںá

۸֮ǰǴȻıī˭ҲûЩʱ컹ûⲻЩΡ

սֻתͷһ±Ҫҽīһã

۹֣л֡

Сһ׮ս˰֣תͷȥԸͯڱīˡ

ת˼Ȧȴͯʿʼдʱ򣬲ŸŻصűīĵط

սڴͯǱΧۣҲʼʣҡȴȺ˳ټ۵ĸǰ

û˼עЩ룬ݸղſľɫ򣬰֮ǰһдӵʫ΢£дֽϡ

дһ䣬Χ۵˾ͷ׷תͷߵ˶ӣ¶֮̾ɫ

սǷŵĳ

иսȽϤ̲סսʲôأֵ˼·

սƲƲ죬ҾǾȣֶҪ˵һĻڳ棬м˸Գдúã

˲صȷʵдúãҲû˵ôš

һ佱һ佱Ȳ˵ǷģҲӿ϶дúá

Աߴͯûס£ƲסԼĿ⿪ʼ߿

ֻս㵽һҡվ˵м䣬дֵ˸ʵʵ

 



















52  ʮ  ط




дԾ, һʫܹŶʮ˸֣ܿдꡣ

±ʵͬʱվýҲѾдõʫһ顣

ԭ´ŵĶ, ±ʵһ, ͵

֮ǰ۸ͯʫһ׵, ֪綯⼸, õ

ҲŷԼ

ŵĻս, ֱ, Լû뵽⣬ҳͬĽǶȿ佱

֪ڳ, ȴȵ˷У׾ͽܵĳ̶ȣǳˮƽ

ⷬٶҪȷǰʶ, ҪʲôʱôԵܡ

ת˲, ͯǱҲд꣬ͬвΧԱߵ˿ʼ佱, ˼ݣṹϽ֮ʣսղһͨҪѷɫöࡣ

֪ǲǹ˵, Щ, صһ, ֵǲԾ͸ֽ

۸սһ, ˶û˵ʲôС, ҲĬĬһԲ

ǲ˵ԻΧ۵дʫֱ
  
ԼдʲôȥܣֻϸͯǱʲôƬ̣

ս̵ζԡ

Сָ۽Ӵö࣬ҲվߣûϸʫĲֱ࣬ӵȻС۸ĸá
  
սС²ۣС۸д֣㶼ĸðɣ

һСŴʣΪ˭ĸʤһ

սúȵ°ͣһüԾģ⿴¶ŵı󣬲ˢһ´ȣȻһЦȻָʤһ

˵꣬ԱѾʫҲŵͷҸ˶ԣҲϲһЩ

ʵʫֶֻҪˮƽ̫࣬Ǹۣͬһʫϲ˲ϲοײͬʫһʱѷֳ¡

ȻҲ޵һ˵

Լ˵ϲԼģҲûԼӮˡ

ֱߴܣдʫȥ˴ͯдģȻÿֵҾֵҲдøһЩ

۱ͯǱ߻е룬дԼĺҲûȥͯдΣ⻰ûסͯǱ߿˹ȥ

ֻһۣ;ãһ㣬ԼȷʵӮˡҪջĿ⣬սָߵˡ

̧ۣĿӴͯдʫֽƵͯϡ

ɫȷʵЩѿҼæƿΧԱߵߡ

ſд֣ͯ͵ɴ۾ŵصָͲģ

ѵֵһд𣿡۵˵ϲڵĻҳҶǶˣдһ֣˭ƻġ

ֽͯī

۲µ˵ʲô˲ȫ˵꣬ûʲôؿһۣϵ֣Ī

˵һ˵ı飬̾˿ҡҡͷ߳Ⱥ˸վš

Ǿ仰أΧ۵ҲҾƶģʱȱֽīľͬܣͯǻڴ˴ҵʹ

Щٿͯ㲻ԾϼӶ

۸ڽվƬ̺սͯʰöҲ˹أϲʤ

ûˣ۾ͲٶţҡҡͷЦŵѵֿ𣿴ҾҵĺãΪ˴֮ͯǰĻҼûʲôڴֵԿдĶ󣬲Ÿ׾û

սһ£ЦøΪãֹȻͨ͸֮ˣȷʵⷽԭ򡣡

һתֵдʫȷʵȴͯĲָα۸ҲӰ졣

΢΢ףʾͬ˵

ݵسĬһ󣬲ֲʵ֪Ϊλң

ʼǿŵЦʼЩƿֲ´ĻôԵƫ̻ǸɵҲܿס

սҡҡȣһΪ㲻أ

û˵;ؿ

Ƭ̺սȰɫұ㡣

磿

죬սü˵㲻ǵ˭ˣ

ʧЦôܡ

ֵֻǿһҲ񡣡

ǣɵȻһսص

ĵ㿴첡ǺһǾӶ˷Ͳʲôʿ

ֻ⻰û˵תƻôûһ

ĸ׼̫սƲƲ죬ǰвһֵʲô

üֿ֮ΪΣ

ǱԸԶսߺߵҸԼˡ

ʧЦսԼˣΪղͯǼ䣿

սҲȷʵͦȤľǡ

˼䣬뵽ղڴͯɿˣѯսղλհʶ  

㲻ǹİɣս¶ŵı顣

޹

֪һһЩ£ҲԱûǻ

ãսҪǰʢ鿴飬ʻ׼š

˭

ǰҪݵµˣսֻǿʱѸߣ̫ѧ֮;ܾ

΢Բһ£žǰԭˡ

վڰʢܾԼѧһݰȴ£붼ƽѹץסʱһš

ֵ˻١

Сӣվһ۸սЦǰǸ۴к֮תսѾʶˣ

ѾʶˣսͷֹȻǸˡ

ۣ

սߴߴѸղŷ¸˵һ顣

ߵͷ

ԱߵĶ˿ǴһҲ׷ۿˣںôǸ߻ᣬ岻

ȻҲʵʱָı˴Ϊ岻õӡ󣬲ɽٲԱ߸ɽһ˳޵ʫ

һʱʤͷѹμӵǸ߻ѧӡ

ֱǸ߻ϸӡĳ˶ռͷĺ⣬ֻɽ±ֶд־طˡ

⼸ûʶЩ״ģֻŸ⼸λֳ˲ټʶ

Ҳʶȴûϵġ

ĸ̸ʮͶԲˣɽ·ֿʱԼպȥؼپ۲ŷֿ

ۣһεĵǸ߻ᣬУҲ˵

 



















53  ʮ  ǿ϶ûúó  




ɽѾʱˡ

۸Ȼ˸, ΪҪģһԵĸӡ

Ըҷֿ۾Ȳϡ

Ķˡ

֪ʲô, ֱ˿ߵӸ, ͵ػع, ס۵ʣС۸, شպͬһȥ𣿡

һ, Ӧ, ԭСղɽǷ侲ģװİ

ʧЦȥ;ô

ѵС۸㲻𣿡⣬ؼ, үүشĲ

ðɡ΢΢ףĲȷʵ壬ǳӡԵʣ, ǲĲɡ

һֵС۸ͬ

С, £, ̫ţ첻Ǹ˵໰ôս͵ˣպ͵Ǹͨ۾ͺˡ

ͷ, Ҳմ硣

ﰵЦһ, սģ, ĸС͹ˡ

Ҳû˵ʲôһֱ˴, ҪҪֿĵطʵҪҪȥҼһԵ㶫

ллС۸, ҾͲȥˣֵȥҪȥش͵¸үү

ȥɡ۰˰ֿ֣ȴǸϽؼң϶˺óԵڼҵš  

Ȼ˵Ԥϵǰ㣬ߵԺŵ˿ըʳζ

۶ʱøˣѶºһ̶ûʲôóԵģ

ˣͷЦ£ָ̨Աߵըõģϴֳ

ۿﶫķڵǴȥ´ģ

һǣֲûˣʧЦǸ˻ģԲŲ̡

ԼҵĶ۶ûпĵϴֺ󣬾ÿӼ˿ըûƲӲԲСҧһڣ۾һ

æһ͵ߡ

ҸղѾˡô˵Цҧһڡ

۰һųְ꣬ѽҧʣµǰųˣδʣôϹ֥ˣ

ǰЩ첻˼Ϲϻ𣿡Щ˼ҽ쿴ʱ򣬾ſһЩԡ

ȷʵóԡףһֳʮŲͣ¡

뵽˵һ£ֵˣǵ֮ǰǰһ죬͸Ļ𣿡

ȻǵãǺ˵͸ǵĶԱ̫Щ𣿡һ£ʵʲô𣿡

۾ϲһ΢ͷ뵽Ϊʲô˵£˵Ĺͨʮ˳ʲô˵׵ġ

ȷʵһС飬¸ҵл˵ԵĸϲøСʱĸҳԹĺԴԶ޵ϣҲûˡ
  
һ£ʧЦǶǺͨĵط˼Ҷ

ǿ϶ûúóԡ۽ӵüȻ



ʱ벻ףЩھ˵ĻǸ˭ѧģ飬úܲ˼ȴ̲סϲ

۳Եòˣȥű߿Ż

ըһϹ֥

ȥ˸ɾװһڳ¼͹ȥ

ۿװ˶Ҫţֹһٹȥ

ʲô𣿡ʡ

ȥһǰЩ˪ˣ˾һȥ´ﳢһ£۵ɽʱ򣬿֮ǰժӵǿϵĴ󲿷ֶѾˣɽӦҲһ¼Ļø⼸С

ЩһֱͦԼûгɹۻ󣬾ǸϽȥɡ

ѡװ׸˪Ŵ򿪴׵ĸӣ˾Ͷŵһɶζ

ΪһƤԻľ

ͷͷССĸ׿ڣ۶İƤ¶һڵ룬һ

ԭȻɫ֮ɫ͸Ѿһ㱡İ˪

Ӧòˡ˵Ŵ̳һ룬˺ʱмȺɫĹɳУ˿̲סҪҧһڵĳ嶯

ҲȷʵôˣһԼͳ˺Ĳҧһڡ

Ŵм伸еĹԴ΢Ĵˬرȴҧƣʹ˸СҲû⡣

룬ֻʮĸȻԼԣ¼ȥļţٹӦûóԡ

Ȼû

˶Ϲ֥ȥʱ򣬳˸շ³ͷĳ壬¼˶Χ˹

ŵǳ·ᣬֱӿųͷ֣Ҫֻ֪Ǻ棬ֱҪ١

¼ҵĹһʲôҪó´ȳȻҲ⡣

´һҲûó·ǳԣ˺һС꣬ȻԼҧһϸϸƷ

С겻Ǹӣ̸ͳˣ͵óԡ

´ʧЦһݸͬʱʾӸ·Լųԡ

ſ۸һµúܺãȥǮһ

֮͸´˵ˣ֮󣬾Ͱ̸ⷽ·ᣬ´ﻰ˼²Ǿҵ̫ã˳´ԭȵԤϣѧ˷ռǵıˡ

ֻûǮ

˶һۺ۱Ҳ£ȥɽժӾ͹ˣ֮Ƥˮ֣мÿӻҪϺüΣ̫ʱˣҲܵʱ䣬һҲæ
  
ҪǣǮһһǧҲͶӣǰǰȴҪæһ£˵ʵǲֵ

ԽҲŵһЩԼԾ͹ˡ

´һ¶ĵǾͷǽ³·ôǮһһ롣

ôɣ˵⻰̫ˣæ˵Ҫó·һǮĻֵҲǳ̵ģǲ˹ӻҲҪֳһ룿

´û뵽ô˵һ²ҡͷЦŵСô

֪Ƕˣǵͳ⼸ոϽŪɣɽ￴󲿷Ӷʼˣӡ

ھȥɽժһЩ·˴Ҵҵص

⻰˵ͱ´ӵ˻ȥһһ˵ȥɽﲻȫߣҪˤô졣

˵ó·һ仰Ҳҷ

ۿ¼˿ʼҪô󣬾͸ˡ

ȻصЦŵô£ˡ

ѵϵصܸҺܿġ

˶һۣ̲סһЦ

ۻ̫ˣǲ֪ģõǰĲֻ֣˵ǽġ

 





















54  ʮ  ҷôôͻ 




·Ķĵġ

۵ڶ쳽ʱȥʱ, ͿѾһ¨Ӵɽϻ𾪵ʲôʱȥɽģ

ʱ򡣡·ߵʱԺ߶顣

ۣ  

Ƶ·۱¨, ȷ϶ǰ˵ǰ, ӶӲδժ, ÿ涼һ֦, ŵڳ緹, Ȼܹȥ, ûȥȰϴɾˮ֣¾ͿֱƤ

·˰֡

ûв, ȻΪʲôɽȥժӡת߽·Ѿժ

֮Ͽεʱһ̬ſڵ

ۿæСܹȥʲô𣿡

ûʲôҾͲſվ𣿡һֱ, ȳ鷿߹ȥ

ƲƲ, ĿȴԱ߱һĵƺ, ֱͦ鷿š

ǰº󣬲ɤӵ˵ɽ¡

̬ȣҪָѧĵط

úܺá, ܵƵʱ, ȥĻ, ûҪãֻöԷôߡ

һֲȻ, Щǰǣ, ڱдʫʱӮԷȻǰԷЩִͲѼӲѡ

һ£ŷĵصӢ

֮ǰõĵʾἰյʱΪ˵ʿ֮죬û뵽Ȼ˼öԡ

ԼĿ塣

оżе֮⣬ֱԳƵˡ

Ȼë

˵ý̱ޣŶ˵˵Ӣˣ

治ɫ֪֮һʱ֮ԽԽ

ý̱۵ķ£ĿתⱳҲԶ˱ˣǲܹ˳ģʹǸ߹ٺ»Ҳϥڡ

۲òҲ֪£ûнӻ

Ƭ̺عƺЩڸղ˵ⷬ½̱Щڵص˵ЩǸ˸㻹ᣬӦϳһ壬йҪúɽˮڵҲѡ

۵ͷѧ֪ġ

šһ˸дʫⷽѧѾѧò࣬ԺֻҪڼϰͯԵӦöڻ£Դӽдġ

֮ǰԼҲʱ䣬²صĶӦþ⼸ˣҲû⣬ֻѧŬġ

˰֣ʾܷġ

ѧϰһ㣬ֻɵʱֶ˵˾䣬չˡ

֪˵Ǹ컹սйص£Цŵе£ƾԼ½ѡ

£ҡͷ˵С¶޲ó飬㣬ÿÿ»ϣСԺԿ

ûҳԿôʼ硣

ֲʮ꣬Խ֮ǰΪͥԭ򣬺ͿʼӴᣬϿ˻ͦ׼ġ

ڳ¼ģ㾴߶Է޲ܻһɻˣȻҪʲô鶼ó˵Ϊ˫ѶԷĺü

ЩǺõģҲǻԿˡ

ۻصʱ򣬽ڸڳ¼ҰƤ

¶󣬾Ҳȥ˸ڡ

¼ҵԺʱѾ˺üӣѾģҲûõģһȺ˴һɻò֡

۽´кСӻˣոճ·ժЩ͸˵ӻر𡣡

ڽŵʱͿһСڲͬӣͮͮһƬرˣ´кֱӳһ

ȷʵ֭ˮŨֻΪոԭûҳԵڶ

´￴δı飬͵ȻǰȥҪó·ժЩǡ

Ҳûܾ¼·ÿҪȥɽժȷʵܷ㡣

ȻˣҲûŻȥ͸һְų¼һƤ

ֱʱ˲һȥ緹

ǰһæӼҪߣæҼһ԰ɡ

´ΰɣۿۻкüûƤӵæЩʱգʱǳԷԲ

Ҳɣ´֮ǰιѼѾëò࣬ٹʮɱԾͲѰεëʱɱֵֻ׷Ѽҳԡ

һӦ൱ˬ졣

ȥ֮۾ͰѽƵűߣˣ緹ɣҿŻ𡣡

ƤȻеţĻø죬ҳ;ϢҲ˼Լ廨ʱʱҪվ߶һȷʵЩ

³Կˣ鶼֪٣ֻסǸ۳֮󣬲ſʼ׼̫ˣǸ̫ãмҪϢʽ

Կ͵ԸԾûб䣬۵ĻЦô

Ҳ˵ֻýעʱһ¡

еصء˻һűس̾

ߵΣ

β˵ˣϰƬ̡

òˣȻûʲôܣۻ£绹ȥ¼Ƥ𣿡

ȻҲصȥ

ܺǻر˶ٸ¼ңԶǵãûʳӵʱ򣬳׸˹۶ûע⵽ûϴʱǳ´ƥҪĲ򵽵İƥǸʱ˵붼һ֡

һ뵽ʲôֵֻȥ죬Ͳȥˣ㲻Լ˺عȥģһȥ

۱ȥ㶫񣬲ԼĻȷʵһЩǺ֮ǰ˵ĸϲĵġ

ͷڽ߲£ҷôôͻء

䵽Ǳ߶ܿͺˡ

극Ъ˻ȥϿΣͼȥڳ¼ҰæƤ

½һͷɻ֪Ъһ£ڽȥ֮ɹ˼棬ʱȥҷһ¡

붼֪˵⻰˼εػͷһۣͬ棺İɣҲ˵ġ  

νɹļ飬˶֪ǲǸڣؼҲǷѡ

ת۱㵽պ۸Լپ۵ӡ
  
һ۴ȥһ»ǰһõģóԵġ

ڴڵȵʱ򣬶ԷͬһЩС

ȥ϶·Ϻ󣬺ؼҲܺңϪһʱ֪

ؼſڵʱСˣǺӭλ๫ˡ

ȸСͲ࣬ôƺЩڣСϴɽϲ˵ֱӽҵ𣿡

Сͷⲻڸ

˸С˴źСֵҴλȥסĳϼԺҲǱߡ

Ȼ˳ĺԺ⣬ûȥʱǮ˼ҵĸۡҲ֪һ˽Ӵ˶ԼסԺ

񣬸ǲ顣

۳һ£뵽ʲôʵֿʲôģ

๫ô֪ģСȵصɴۣɫЩȻصɽ󣬷һ飬Ӿֲһ纮δ˵òҪţԲҰѶλ뵽ϼԺȥ

 



















55  ʮ  鵼ʦ





΢΢ü, ɽʱӡ̵ؼǵãȻЩƣ, ״̬ȥ, Ӧ۲˵ġ

ǴӴſǰϼԺ;, Ҳ𾴿, ӦҲǼ²ǡ

һʱ벻, ҲС̽, ֻÿ첽Сסĵطȥ

ͻСǲ̫, С˵纮δ󣬾͵ĵʣǺشЩ𣿡

ѾǰպúܶˣСӹ˺عӵĽڶ, ˵֮ǰѾҪ, ԲٶҪöࡣ  

˵ű㵽˺סĳϼԺŸͥԺ֮, ֱӽмݡ

࿿ԺӵһС鷿мӦǺԷ

սС鷿š

۸æǿ, ֱǸصӦȥӴָС, ֻ⼸屧, ҳţԶе, λԭ

͵̫ˣ۵, ҼཻƾͶɽҰ·Ҳ̸þˣֺαںЩȽڡ

սüҾ˵ֵԸ񣬿϶ںСµġ

Ƴһۣ㲻ȥӴˣڵˣ

սһſϣСֹһɸһϹŰ塣
  
εؿһۣת۸Ȼ˵˲ںЩȽڣָСִôණɽκ˼¡

ʲôضҷǰ˵ĸϲĵģ˼Ҵ˵̧ϸºɫּҸղС˵͵ǸȾ˷纮һǣʺϸ͵ڳԡ

Ҳ˵ҴҲԼɹһЩɽ

ҾͲˡЦŵ

˵ַԸС񣬳˰ѽһ⣬Ķ͵ĸȥ

۸ЪƬ̺󣬼˼ģѸתƵɽûĲ֡

ֻǺվǻڲУ˰ʱңϾԵЩˡ

۸սһۣĬز˻⡣

󣬳Ц£ûж˵ʲô

֮ĵľͶһЩɵ£÷˼Ҳû¶ƣ۵ģ

ۿüʼеɫûסʵջʲôõ𣿲Żᵼ¡

û˵꣬ͻ˼ֱ۸Ŀ⡣

սȴûסԱߴЦɴЦſϡ

ۿսģ֪ʲô£ࡣ

챻սЦöһȾϱ죬Ҳûȵսͣļ߳ŭЦҾͰڡӡл¸ҵ

սٿĿɿڴҵİɣ״Ϊɲķ񣡡

ޱصԿ

Ҫǵһʶ죬ܻһģϤ֮󣬱֪ưˡ

սǱֵܣȻϤ֪֮󣬾ͷⲻҰĺ˷Ц

Ҳ˺ġ

սԼұһۣûͷҲûֹͺٺЦɽʱ֪Ҵ˵綨¡

С־ʶͷӦ

ȴͬˣҳɳĻͬͲ̸ܻЩսĻһ˼Ϳ죬㶨׵ˣ

ҲҲǡЩڵص

˵ƵĿսսȣ¶һڴı飬ջĿ⣬֮ǰͬһԺ飬СʱʶǰϲΪңû뵽δס

Ȼ˵úۺ׾ˣΪվ춨׶ĽǶȣԾǸϲԩҵĹ£ֻǺ̬ȣƺϲԩҲеԶ

ҼȻһԺ飬ԷӦþͲŮӣǸ

սϾصſ˵ȼ仰Ȥʧһ˦ӵ˵ɡ

üë£ֹصѽ

ֻĬĬ죬ʾս졣

ģսѧŲ˵ıǶԺиĸ౦ܼҵСӣСܾ︸ֵĳ谮Ϊ⡪

˵ٵƳ˺һۣż⽾ЩһʼԺʱǿ߱ΪˣñľӶ˷װģûΪѱ磬֪ģԷǸԼΪͽԷžЩһ˼üýŹ˵ס

ⲻĸǾñʶ˫Ҳ൱ҪǣԱһǻ˼£ͬ׮¡

ۣ

һʱԺؼҵЩûĳҲ֪Ҫ˵ʲôˣӶڼңһͰﺢӰ¶׵

ս͸¶ĳϸڣ־ãʵؼҵĳͦ˽ġ

üëЦʺ죬⼸ղûͻȻļ͵ΪλͻȻ˷纮

ܾЦΪ죬ʶֱ壬Щ˯ţ͡ԺתȦ

⻰󣬱Ϸʾ˿Ρ

սεȻ飬תͷ죬˵ұҲ˵°ͣζЩ꿴

۲ʣĲǣΪû궼ҲöԷֵĻ𣿡

о⻰ƺĳ㣬ֲȫе㷴ҡûС

սŲô࣬˼Ƭ̺͵ͷӦͣҾ˵÷ǳе

һۣô֪ô࣬һ

ֵʱ￩һ£ȴûֳһȻӣ㻹˵Ͳһȥһ״أ㵱˵Щ𣿡

ǸղѾ˺ܶ࣬ڲ˵ܵ˵ˡս۸Ŀע£ԹԱ죬ѵķŲŲһװڻ

Ҳû˵

쾲˼˰죬ųɵ˵ǸҲ̫ȷ

ȷǾҸȷϣֵ̯Ļ¼ȻѾ£Ӧþûзڵ˰ɣ
  
ҡҡͷ

ۣ⻹ðôȻѾδɣԼһΣ϶ܿĵʵ뷨

Щԥ⡭

۰Ȼϵǹƽģʴӱ鷽ٶ۵ÿԡ

̾˿ں£ͲѡʱȻѹԪԶһĻɡ

սȵٹһ£յƻᡣ

˼۱㺬ЦĿתս

սᵽ˼˦Ȼҡŵַģ֪ʶȤĻĲӣԺ϶ָ

սӰ죬ҲСһС

 


















56  ʮ  ר˶





Էʱ, ۲ſؼҵǼ

ĸƺմڲ趼ûüȣϵƫ۸, ˿ûʧĵط, һֹĺӵļҳ

ֻΪ˿Ϊ, ս󿴵èƵġ

ؼҵλŮ, ĸĸ׾ҪͶ, Ǻ̫̫, һ۾æߵѣЩӿһĺת, ӾԷ˯ǻϲġ

˵껹۽⡣

ˣЦŵҸǺѣȻӦû

, ˵е̫̫۵, ų츸ʹ˸ɫ

л̫̫֮Ҳû, Ҳһͨ

ḻӦ˼ҵ˵Ҫ۵ö࣬Ȼûʧĵط, Ǳ̫̫һͨ佱Ū˸͸

ؼ͵緹ʢԲ˵, 緹˰곷, ΧߺȲ裬ظۣ˵, ҪμӺԣ

ôġӦ

ظף, Ҹĸĸ׶ȥμԣתƣȵ֮ʱӦ㹻ľӦ峡ԡʱһμӣҲܱ˴顣

ٺò۱ͦһμԵģڿ֮ǰиѧѴŸϰﶼðЩ

ﻹһЩԵ鼮ʣظ˵Ҳ۸ǷԸ⣬ֱӵûȥɡ

Ҳȷʵܾܾæл󣬼һźظȥ鷿

鷿֮󣬺ظֱһõдŶֽŸۣЩûȥ˰黹ǡ

սһ֮ǰģﵽСصҴĶرãиˡ

˵ǱԷ˷û꣬զˣҵĶûôϸ

ظƤһۣս졣

սʱҲſһЩϵ֮⣬Ա߿հ׵ĵطӬͷСע⣬ÿһҳ飬һǻ˼ġ

æ˵һθлĻͲˡ

Ƿѵʱѣظ˰֣ŻһתֻҪͯһ·˳Щûа׷ѡ

۵ͷ֤ҶṼ

ظͷӦ˲ٸѧйص£ҽͲˣ»ʱ˹ٺúÿУһ

˵ֻظȻǶԼѧžԵš

ҲûлɣŹ񣬡Ҿлָ㡣

鷿صĳϼԺսظ˿ղˡ

ôˣûظղʲô˵ľٶѵ˵©˵ϸڣ

͸ղŴ˵һѧʵ£սһʱ۱£ر顣

۱˵ʲôģǼ˲˵Ҳֻ֪ǿսǷģص˵µڵʵʱ̩ɽ𣿡

Ҫʻʲôˣ˵ĻСս˵ʶԼ壬æо£

ӷӦ۸춼Ц͵ԭ򣬲Ц̫ţҲŴЦüһһġ

۵ʱǶݣܿ͵δʱң۸øǵʱ䡣

˺ظһ֮⣬ĸĸҲһЩۺŪرĲ˼

սŻź죬Ҫǳӡ

һֱſڣŰѶۺصվҪѧѧϰȥһٻƾǹˣҶûȥּء

һսͬв彡ɳƵƤǰظμͯԣԡԡԺСĿһ·նŵĹҲ˳볯͢ѧ顣

һܻؼҵĴޡ

ۿĿģ̲סʧЦԺ٣

ʺٵ𣿡սʮ֪֮ǰٲҵ룬ҵǳΪѧĽͣȻҴ˽̻һ̻ЩѧԱ

۸Ŀɿڴѯʵؿ졣  

εҲǳ˽ͻӵܣ֣ҡܲھͲ߲μӿƾٿԡ

ĵȻ˭˲սⷴӦֱǰһ֮ͬ˼ǱҵͶȡ˱ĸУȨǻѧУͻѧܣ

սڼ˵ȿʱҴѧһҪȥּ͡

ʵҸϣȥ͡

ս˫ص𣿡

ģһصϾҪˣҼҲĶصĵҪգдĶĺҪڣҪ͵æΪֶɲ١

ս

űһ䣬ҿԴСһ𣿡

˵뵽ʲôֲһ䣬رϲѧſڵĿ϶Ҳϲȥպġ

ϧƽʱԸˣͯںֹǹϲԣÿζȥ򡣡

Цս£ʱ͸һͰɣʱ϶ֹһóԵġ

ţսͷСùһϵʵʵĲݸ۵͸ֵһС϶ϲġ

۴״ŵӦǼ飬ֻУȴûУٽսԸﲻɲһ΢Ĳ̫׵ĸо

ȷֱص۸˵ãȰѺؼҸĻ͵Ȼִźظ͵ȥңȰ￴

Ͼڵѧϰ԰Űѧϰ˳

츸׸۸飬󲿷ֶһ𿴵ģҲмǵǵġ

ŷҳ󣬾ͿʼƵƵͷ

ѸٵطڶдֽϵĲʡ

ԼĪһʱڰѺظ͵϶һ飬촽عĲѧܱȣǵЩ飬עϸ׶֮ȤʸǱĲãǵ飬ҲǰǵĶ̰ģӦǻ˲˼

궼סˣ֮ǰΪ츸͵ѧϰսߺ˭ùģһ͸ǣû뵽Ȼר˶ơ

ظ֮ǰû֪ж̰壬϶Ҳѯ˺ս

ﲻɸӸм

۵Ƿݻعʶǰǳĳ̶ŷźõģһ·¿ͳ˴
  
ãӦºֵҿЩٸſ

۱һصҵʱ򣬽󷹣ţɫЩŹ֡

Ҳû˵ʲô
  
ۿˣ㲻ŹǷʲô𣿡

һµղȥҵʱҰĶ

ûʲô˵ģ˷һ壬ȥ˼ͣĻ顣

ֻͻȻ뵽ս͵ǰ飬ﲻɿһ£ʵʲô𣿡

ʣΪʲôᡭ򼸱ԼдĻ

 
















57  ʮ    







סĺſ, ãսȻЩվδɻ, ûʹʲôͼ

Ȼյı, ˵޹ض˵塣

ۺ˽, ϸСı仯µ, 鲻ģ

ս͵, ֵ̯, ˵ҿ϶ϲ

ҲЦãҡͷպ֪, ֪θ롣

ԻǲҪ֪ĺá

׵⣬˽Ǽˣ۲ǰǺһ

ǻʡ

ۣ, Ҳռ˶ٵط

ϳԷʱ, ְѽںؼ¶˵ˡ

Ļ¾Ǹý˵ĺ󣬶ʱ£֪عӵδһ, һͦġ

¸ң۴ܲµôġ

ͷ֮˽׵ĸĵһ

ģüЦ, ûǴĻ, ҲĳҵǮ

ɿؿһ, û뵽Ȼó˵Ĳڵصǡⲻǲһ𣿡

Ȼǲһ, ۵˵¸ҵ, Լ¸ҵǸķ档

һۺ󣬱㴹Է

֮˵һЩս飬ǶȤһ㣬Ц˺üΣָ۽ЦʣֱӸ˵ʱĻԸյӸں
  
ǰȻص˼ٹʮ죬Ӿ͸ոˡں굾ӦҲ˰ɡ

ӻг￴ţո֮ǰﻹʽ۲õĴոʱ䡣

ȴȫͬԼǲ̫ȷʱ䣬ֻԼǵǴ˪ǰ󣬴Ҳû飬ܸ顣

ҽȫ˺ֵĻҵ֮һ

ȷϺûõı׼Ǹʱȥһѳ

ʱúܿ죬ת۱㵽յӡ

Ǵ絾ͬβֻǹӵոлȵЩջ󣬾ζŽճѾͷֻ֮һЩܹԽС߲ˣ͸׼ˡ

Դ൱ӡ

ǰһκ͸۷˼٣ÿҴˣԴһЩףȫһһ硣

۸ǵһβμֻȤŨһҲĵشһһȥ

ΪҪ˵ԵʣＴ˼ңҲҪ󷽵ö࣬΢һЩģҲ׼Ļˣ۸Ҳر

ÿ괺յʱ򣬴ø硣

ڶ۸һîʱ𴲣Ժˮϴڳڵ·˵ȥЩӳ˺ô

һ˵˴ӣЩҲȥ̫ϴ׼õҲȥ˵

ۼϳ¼ˣһϷŵһĵӲŻؼҡ

ûۣµӦȥˣ͹ȥڸС˵Ȼ˵緹һˡ

ǸɻͿֱӳԡ

극󣬳´ڼҿ֮⣬˺ƺƵģС궼һȥ

תʱҶǹʵʵģ˼˫׸ҪĴϣͲõĻᱻݸˡ

ҴһɻٶȲһĿ죬ۼұֻĶأҲ࣬ʮ죬ͰеĵӶ˻

֮ɹԺɹɣ÷糵ȥ֮һĿ

굾Ӻóһȥĺٸˡ

ⶫ˵ûʲôãԳҿǺöĶصĺܸһѵ٣ɹҵţϴ졣

ҲǸɣ·æ˼죬հѺٸ걳ڶͿʼ˪úڵֻҪ´ѩͲӰ졣

תҲڸۣĶջˡ

ǼȫΨ˺ģڵ죬·С꣬Ƚ׽ĶӶȥ֡

Ҵط֪ģû뵽ôʺϺ

ǰЩʱʱһ굹ûʲôʱ㹻ˣһͷȥһ󴮵ĺ˳

ڵһµʱû⣬

Ա߼˶۰Ͱ͵ؿţƤõĵطָ·ǳˡ

ʵĺˬ㻹һζûʲô̫ʳԵȺ˵Ҳһζ

·С֮󣬾²һͷڰɣСѺճɾС

ҲŵҲæ

æȻܾ

ֻľǣĶزʮ֮һңڳĴٽĺ

·ῴǶһСɽƵĺ촽һջô࣬ǼҡԵ𣿡

ͬû뵽Ҳ𾪵òУӦóԲꡣ

ɡۣ뵽ĳԵģһ飬޷ѵǧĺꡣ

ʱֻս绰ϽԺԸǧ˰ٽﶼ⡣

ⶫҲӣʵڳԲ껹ȥȲô࣬ջؼ˵

ȥʱö٣öپʹٻؼңǡɴԱ߹ָһЩ塣

ǣûؼȲ￾ųԣƤŷųԶԡ

ڳ·ᣬһȥʱҪãһ߶ԡ

⼸˺ֻŷԼҲԲ꣬⼸˹ϵҲԣͳȥһЩͳȥˡ

ȴδ뵽ŵûãӸΪףŴüˣϲϲܵǡ

źüأӾͳɤӺСӣҵҵЩպùϲòУЩҲ

۸˶ڲԹɫģƣ֪ϲӦģôһ˹˿ˡ

ȻƾҵĹϵӾֱӱ¨ҪһЩҲ᲻͡

˼ҶţȻԼˣһм͵ùﻹôˣֲÿÿ׸

ȻҪĻҲˣǮɡ

΢΢ףû˵ʲôͬеĸ˵ĶǮһˣ󣿡

۾һʱ䣬ˣǳԲ꣬˾Щȫɺۣͷֺóԣ»ͣĵö졣

ӹ󣬱Цŵӿȥϴһ£ﶼǮһģҪôԶ

ǼȻܴһȻ֪ϵļ۸ô˵󣬾Ͷˡ

Ӽˣֻߵ﹡ʣǿԼ𣿡

ԡˬصջȥĺ󲿷ֵĹӦöǺۣ۶ԺͷòÿûʲôҪԴҪСƯ˵ν

۸ϵǣӸ⼸ˣһ˽ٽߡ

ʶԼҵĺļֵʰؼҵʱ򣬽Ӵ뼸æѺȫڻؼҰɡ

Ҳд⣬֮ǰڹûڵĽ紦˼Ǻš  
  
ڶʱ򣬻ǿǰһļǺű˶ˣҲһ

 















58  ʮ  ˷ 





ۺ˽, ֻ΢΢ü֪Լҵĺ͵ˡ

˺ü˹æûѱ͵˵, Ҳᡣ

·䲻Ĭ, Ǻŵʱ, Ҳ﹡Ͽ, ЩԾʣ͵ˣ

͵˴һҡ۴Ӽõļ, ݸչĳ·, ڵʱرСģ㲻Сü, Ҳ˻ȥģ͵˲ҵѣֻ¹⣬ºüõڵ

Ա֮ǰڹĵطҪʪһЩ, Ӧ°ҹ͵ġ

һͨ˵о, ﹤ĺƢҴҵص⻹ˣׯҶ͵, Ժ˭˯Ⱦ

ǣ˭һ굽ͷû㶫ͷСϽȥңһҪСץ

Ҳ˱ʾ, Ǵһ򲻴, ЩҲû˵˭Ҷٹ, ΪЩӦð

˵ᣬæ͵Ҳǻ˵͵˺Ǽ, 벻˭ôҪ¡

ҴôãԴ˽Բñ˵, ⻰˵˼ȷ°ɣ¸λҰѵĺջȥ

׻˵׽׽ߣû׽˼ǵںʧȥõʱ֮ٴ󶯸ɸ飬ҲһܲõϾС͵ҲǸɵģ͵˶úòҵ

⼸˹æں۶Ǹ˹Ǯģ˵ף͵ĺҲǼҵģ˵ȷ£˼ãҲû˵ʲô

ֻг·Сһ֮󣬾͸۵ҵĺֻ꣬ʣҼҵǵˡ

۲ó˵̫֪ʲô˼Ҫҵû͵ãԼҵĶ͵ˣæ˵ȥˣæ·Ͻȥɡ

Ҿˡ·ῸųͷǰֵҪ½ڲĻȥæ

Ѿʼɻ˲ˣһЪڳˡ

ǣ˸Ÿͣ˵˭չء

ųȥˣɻȻһĻ֮ǰۼҵĺȫͻȥȥ˸β  

﹤ȻҲСӵ˹Ǯ˵ÿ˸һ󴮺ȥ

ջĺԺţԲģ˯ǰۼҸǣ˵˯ѵ㣬·ҹʲô͸ϽץС͵

ԺΧпһߵʣ˯ʱԺҲŵģһİȷʵû˻͵˳ĻЩȡ

εЦ£ЩûǰˮЩ꣬еʲôԵĶҪúòԼ˲͵ҲҪˡ

ȷʵûԽǰȻҲ³󣬵Ҳ紾ӣҹջҲʲô⡣

Ȼ˵ˣҺȳҶĲһ㣬˼Ҫ͵϶Ҳ͵ҵģæӦϲ˯ġ

ߺҲûٶ飬ϴ˴ϢһĺڼҸػغöΣƣòС

ֻڴϣԺȴԾﱻ͵һƬĺۼ

˻Ҳû˯ţ֪һϸģʣǱ͵˵Щзʲô

ͬ£Ա˵᲻ӵ͵ģ

۷˸Խϸ˵˵

ڵ˵͵˺ʱϸ۲﹤Ǽ˵ı飬Կ϶ȫ֪飬룬Ǹ֮⣬ҶסǱߣϵ뿪ȥһ㶯ûֳЩ˼ҵĹɲǰġ

Щǽԭĵ·ҿһףȻʣŵǴˣûҪȵ°ҹȥ

ԣӦղŻ˼Ա߼ӷҲǴ塣

һûסչȥžߴ˽һ£˱ڻôô

ҲҲҪ˵ʱעϣҾͿԴ󵨹۲ҵɫ仯˵뵽ʲô˶٣Щɥص֪ЩҲãû׽ˣҲ֪ĸ͵ġ

͵ǱĴӵģôԶ͵ˣֻǸ߷ʱžóĵȷʵе׵֣»´Ρ

Ҫô죿ͷۣĿǳʡ

ʲôµģĽĺ󱳣֪Ƕ˶˯ᾯЩģٰȥ˵£ǱӦҲš

šӦ

뵽ʲôֵȥ£˭иճḶ́ţ㿴Σ

԰¹ǼұסƫԺȷʵᰲȫܶࡣ

һҹ·ڶȥϿεʱ˳һȥ  

κ󣬾ȥҰѹС͵˵ˡ

ҲΪµǣҪҪҹ

۵ò˴£ҪǾҶһûеǣҲδԸϲ˯ҹ

Ȼȫһ¶ֵһΣ鲻䵽Լͷ֮ǰû˻ԸΪδ֪͵ʧ˯ʱ䡣

ҲΪֻ뷨£ûİȥ

˶û뵽ת˵Ŀ졣

ۺ͵ĵӾܵۼңһŵصС۸磬֪˭͵ҵĺ

һһӦǿӵĸס

ڴʵ˶۵Ŀǵ˵ͷȻԶӵ㿴С۸硣

ӡšһﲻôʱʹһš

ﲹžסҳ

ӵ˵꣬ͼŸ˵Ǵûκֺ͹ȥĺҲûˣҿԱϴɾĺҺ͸ϵһ

˵쵽۵ǰ

ʺʱ򣬲ǺϣڳһЩɫĽҺⶫմϾͻڣûʮϴɾ

֮ǰһĺ϶һֺɫա

û뵽ӾȻôϸġ

֮ǰҲ뵽ַҳС͵ֻĴ̫࣬Щȥ󣬴ûȥʱʱҺ·ˡ

ӿ¶ȵ񣬱̧̧°֪ͣĻֹЩ

Ŷʲôϵ¶ڴı顣

ӼҽһϷץУһ˵һܿͳˣҪ͵ڶΣʱͶϰƻϡ˵Ȣ˷ɣ϶ŷȥ棬ʱһ߾ߡ

ۣ
  
û뵽ԸʲôʱȻ˱ķˣ˻Ǵġ

 

















59  ʮ  Ҵֹ  





ӵĵϢѾ͵, ˵֪˾ǰðŰɣǼһ£Ȼȥˡ

л֣صصл, ǳȥ
  
ſڵʱ, ӵĵֵС͵, ˵Ǹ, ϾŸͬһ, ÿȥҪǰ

Цŵ, Ҳ֪ġ

ת۱㵽˵ƻ죬Ĵ˴, ջ㹻ʳһôֵӣ󲿷˶ѡȥˣ

ȥҵʱ, ժ˵ĸ, ϰԵش˸к

˾ʣСӽϸȥ𣿡

ȥЦش֮, ʵأ

ŭСҪȥҸֻȥˡ

۵Сҵģһѵмκ, ȥҲе¡

첻Ĵ, κ, ʣԼ˼Ѽ棬ҪҪһȥ

, ۾û˵ţҲûֱ˵, ֻѧеҪͲһȥˡ

ֻҪ˰ֵҾֻȥˣϿεʱ򣬼ǵýʫҡ

ԶһͣϱҲЩŹ֣Ҳû˵ʲôסЦĳ嶯ѧסˡ

һ۾ͻϸɾѣͬһµĽš

˸հԺӵĴϣڳ¼ҲǡóСı߹ۺͽк󣬾ͷŽͷϵķÿ

ЦŽӵɣҲôء

ǵ׵ʱ͸֧

ͷһǰû뵽һžͱС꿴ˣÿһʱЩ˼

ź󣬷ų´۷Ҳ̧۶˿˼ۣȻСͣòϷ

֪Сһ޹صǾøŬǮУȻԺɩӡ

һֱû˵ĳ·᣺

˭˭ˣ

ǴߵģӴ¹ʱ򣬴Ҿʣôȥô磿

·Ǿȹȥ´ЦŽͣСиϣǵ˺ȥЪû䡣

´˵ǰǾ仰ʱ򣬱ͬУ˵ҪȥۺѼϢǼ˱Ъ˼ϾһȥȥѼϢȴֻڽϵҹĻٵĻû˼

ۼҲûȥܴô̬ȣڳ´Χ˸Ȧͻϲϲس˴塣

һߵɽµʱһ·ߵţ۹ȥϳ˵̸˼֮󣬾Ͱѽ֮ɽѳ¼ŮҲȥ

ȥ֮󣬳͸϶ȥ۸廹г·ύһ֮ĬعԱߵС

ȵʱȥϿƻ˶ѾʣµĴ󲿷ϸײ̫Զ·ģԼٲֲֵġ

ڴ˿ڲƽʱ֮һ໹ûʲôսģһʱø塣

ʱӰҹɫ֣ɿشӺɽﵽۼҺԺ֨ѽһű򿪵󣬱ûϢ

ҹǾĵģ˺ɽż֮⣬û졣

ɽҰִ˵࣬ʣµֶ˸׵С˵󣬾Ͷ

ԼĪ˰ʱ嶫ͷŶ˵죬ſ·ĽŲԼϵⵣĦʱ֨Ť

ŲĦۼſͣ¡

ɫ£һ¹ϵĸ磬

һѣס˿סҸΪĸ˺ٺЦһߣӾ鹡

źŵ˾ĬذѱⵣȥĽٰ֮ұⵣͷСǩϡ

ͷһͰԺ棬ûһ졣

˦Ժľ˳ſ򻬵Ժ棬֮ǰҲ˽

һµ龰˾ûס⡭ô

ĵص˵˸ĸһ첻ɣ  

ţæͷͬʱ̲סʿˮĸ磬ǸϽװЩ߰ɡ

Ļ߹ȥʲô˳˴ӵģƻأҾƻɢˣҲðʱ滹иϲģûôġ

Ҫʲôһʵ

ȳԸ˵˵µǰͣ£ϹżһԺһˣȻһھҨˮϴɾҧ

һ߳ԺһűǼת˸Ȧ⼸ͷȳƣҲûõģ֪ʲôõģȻҲһߡ

һųԵģֵİɣѡ֣Ҳѡõĵɹô

ģǾʹȥҼ֣ⶫߣָˡ

˵Ҫȥ֣һȻҶ˵ʲô

֮˶û˵Ժֻʣѽѽҧ

ֱһ꣬ʣó𣿡

óԣִ𡣡

˵һۣͬʱ͵վ˭˵

Ժﾲĵģûκ죬ֻкɽﴫһĵոΪˡ

ġĸ磬û˵Ҵ廹ֹãһ˲ŽͰ͵ص

ʲôʱŹˣһ䣬ɨһԺܣ˭װŪү

˺ӹ죬ûκλظ

һȴЩŲסˣսսصֹĻΪʲôôܡ

ôˣ˵ʶֱ

һ˿Ķ͵طӦҸоȫëëģʼ

ͶˡͬʱһӰɵشӺ

Ҳ֨ѽһ򿪣ۡ·ᡢ廹ҵ˳

·һûʯĻѵѿȼգܿͰԺӶյͨ

ǰһЦŶѾ˫ӵͨ죬ȴڼС͵Ҽҵĺܺó԰ɣ

һ˱ŵͲ˵ˣĻʣ֪ǽҪ

ǰ۵ʥˣҽҪС͵

ϻôʲô͵ص߾ץã͹ٸȥ

תܣȴ֪ͷһ֣ŸտʼѾܵſڶš

֮˵ˣǿѹס֮Իְˣܰ˰ʵʵȫõĻᱻѡ

ҲС͵ıⵣʰѺȥá

·СŴӺƵǰŵĴţ۸¼Ҹûȥãſڵʱ۾͵λ岮ˣյýٷʱһһ

ֲһ֮£ץС͵Ҳ츣ˣȻ˭밲ġ

۴ǾͲǼүһһ

û˵ʲô

ֶں϶ôãˡ

Ŷã˰ֵɽʱһװ춼й  

Զ˺۾ִţһͿ·ŻѣһŵվŵǼԶԶġ

ôˣʵ

·᲻ʣǼô

һصڸ괺ͻ᳤һһѵݡ

·ûס¡

ģʧЦЩݵӶǸҺһģֻҪȥͲմϣҺҺմճҲ֪ģٴķ綼Ӵɡ

֮ǰϴʱܲ᲻ɣ·˿ڿˮ

۷˸ۣʲô

𣿡·ɵ

ⲻ͵ˣ۵ȥ±ԺѻЩˣȻǹƻҪǶ˸պÿԳԡ

 














60  ʮ  һѩ





´Ǵϻ, ߽ӣǼץС͵

´ﻹгӻཻһ񣬾Ĭؼӿ˽µĲ

һ, æǸϽȥ, ûʲô

ҲǷӦٶ۵ʣ˵ȥ𣿡

ֻ⻰˵, ͱͬе˸˻ȥ

¼˿ߵſʱ, ԼԺгȻɫĻ, ںҹＫΪ, ȴֲ߻ˡ

´ʹˣҹҪ˲һЩ, ۾˻ʣǹô¡

˼֪ǻ϶ԼҷŪģЦŵӦڼûŪʲô, ǻȥ֪ˡ

ӿһ, Ǿò̫ģһµ߿Щɡ

ߵԺſƿ, ͼտԺȼܵһ۸¼ҸһһΧڻѱߣӵԱ߻ʣСƱ

˽, ¼ҵ˶ס, Ӳ˲˵׽ôˣ

ǰѺȥ, Ѹٵѳ´ԭλ, ǵ˺þãûǻ, ˺Ƴߺȱߵȡ

۸·ȥ˼ӹڻܡ

ڵƻĶº󣬾͸۵¡

۳µʱ򣬲źۼĽڣ½֣·ϲɣ

ٿһ°˻ȥҡͷһֱ·䡣

¼˶أҴΧһȦǸղŵСȻأӵù´ӵ۾

Ȼû˵ʲôЩڵر۾ԺĿĵɨһȦ¿տյƬ̣˻ۣЩ

һҷɹȻı飬ùӴӻҽĺָһһȷ϶Ѿ͸ʹӵϹ˼ȥһߵĳ¼Ҽˡ

͵⼸ҺҶͿݵӣϽˣҪǸĻһ鷳ˡ

С⻰ԭȥúɪһ£ű˶ãװʲôҲûűߵĿҲڡ

ݵڻûˣʧЦ㿴磬Ѿ˺ü

˵Ψһû¼˵ǸڵȥմϵĲҺһصݸе̣ԡ

šһӹСĵڻðҧ˿ڣĿڸУԼ΢̵¶ȣòŴӺлë׶ſˡ

¼ҼҲԵʮֿġ

һóڵƻĹӣһץһѱྐྵӱ죬˵ʱץС͵ϸڡ

·һ򻰶࣬οץС͵ֵҫ飬һ˵ͣ

֪㵽죬СѾڳӻ˯ţ´Ҳ˯

ֻг·ỹʱʱðһ仰

忴۱ûʣεľƣк۸·ʱҲˣ˯ɡ

֮󣬳屧С꣬ӷų´ȳȥ·棬ѵӸƱŻԭλҲ˦˦֣ҡͷԵˡ

۰ϣͷͼ˼ҽͷ񣬱ЦʣǻûԹ

ȥϿβҪҾߵʱ򣬴ЩٴҽڵƻĳʳǼСӡ

һ£ŵͷӦ¡

ʱֻǼ˳Զٷȷʵûôϸġ

ȻС͵ץˣ۸¼˶˵ĺ̫ۺ졣

¼ҵãͼų·˯ķҲܷŵ¡

ۼҾô䷿֣ݸ鷿ƫݶöѶݵܷһЩҲȫŽȥ

۸һĥɴãܴĶˡ

ǺɣֵĺŻ֮һĵģĺɻƯܶࡣ

״ÿĴõгСɹɾˣԱܾá

ɹɣҪ鷳Ķࡣ

ûлǰѺŪ飬ҪѺô

κĹﶨģһ壬׶Ӵ֮һ߾ͻзıԵá

ĩ֮ϴۣۼŪú۶࣬Լҵ޹ȫϣϵȽϺõ˼ɱ򶹸õĴľͰ˹

󣬻ڳ¼˵İ£ۼҶѳСɽƵĺԸֵ⣬ȫ˺ۡ

ɹ˶нٽ

ͲռضˣáװҲѡ  

һ󲿷ۻпɺۡ

æ̸ڲͬǴŹڵĸо

֪ͽ£֦ͷĿҶѾ価һ˯ѣؼȫѩǡ

۸һķƽʱҪһЩбһ

ŵ˴ñƽʱٶȴú󣬳ݡ

ȵһͼȻѩˣһ㣬Ժﾮصĸ߶ٵûס

ſ۷Źؿ˻ۻ˻ȥϴõˮ̼͵ȥѽѹ̿ϡ

𴲵ʱ¶ȻһЩҲů͵ġ

ֻԱ߿˻󣬾Щסˡ

ģǵƬһȾѩء

Ƭ̺ѡ鱾ݵš

𴲵ʱ򣬾ͿԼҷѾͨԺʯ·˳ޱƵĹѩȴûбƵ⣬ǱԺѩˡ

ҷľѩ١  
  
ŰããһƬԼ۱֣ͨûסһ£㡭𣿡

䣬תЦ£Ͼͺá

վһС󣬾ҡͷȥϴˣ࿴һѩ䡣

緹Եů󼦵Сڵغ࣬¼˳Էɡ

ðȻûʲôĵһѩǶ˵ϰߣܶЩóԵףһ¡

˶ĺֲ֣ȱǮãÿʱǲСľˣȻһٳԲ꣬üٶǳʣˡ

¼˶࣬ǵĻͲõĲ˳Բ⣬˶ԷҲҪһЩ

ֵҲŪ̫鷳ﲻǻмŹôһɱֻŹһˣ֮ǰǸ̿¯߳ԣϴˣȳ˾ˡ

д⣬֮ǰ۰ǸʱǾһζԣ쿴ѩǿڹ

һĲ൱ɣ䣬ժϴ˵Ҳûý

ڵ磬ȥѳ¼ҵ˹

˾һԷһǸ߸˵ģȥ˵һԷ¼˶ܻϲ

˹ȻǶɾС϶ڲסĳݡ

 














61  ʮһ  ·Ļ  



¼˶ģ, ۸ζùһ²ǡ

˻û۾ʵǳʲô𣿡

´嶼̾˿£ϵĿ, ûҪ˵ļ

ֵ˻, Ӳŵ첻ѩС곳ȥɽץ, ܵ尲Ǳȥ, ˳·δŵϱ

̧ۿ·, ĵѹһߴߴͻȻô, ԭ¹δޡ

ԷδӵأΪֵ, Ҳöʡ

ͺ̸Щºܶ࣬ǰ΢һ·δ޵£һ˼̽ʣڸɻ

ǰ̾˿, , ˮˣڸɩĶϴ, Сȥʱ˫ֶˡ

Զûס£⼸øǴ˭ҵеҪϴ, ҲȻûһȥϴĵ

˵, ֪, 𣬳ӾûСϴ, ˵³Ӱѧ廨

ǼҲ࣬Ǹϸֶ˵, Լǰûʱɽ񣬾Ҵôãݺ󻹶˴ԺӵĲ񣬹յʣʲôȱˮ

Լóֿ࣬͸Թ۱ܿࡣ

СӲûر𵥱һӸԸ⡣

´ؿСһۣѵһδ˵׵ĹңԺ󲻹ʲô£˵⼸֣

һǴģǶС꣬ô˵

Сһ͵ҡԺ󲻻ˡ

´ŻͷҪİǶԵģȲ˵ڹ컯֮Ҫѣмģȥ˵ʱҪôɩͣ

ܱȶǿС

ɵӣǱҸͷˣ´̾˿ҡͷСڵʱҲûȱԵĴģŲ죬ǰЩҲڴˣͲΪʲôûô𣿡

ҡСҧŴƬ̣СΪɩӣ֮ǰǴ˵һأɩӶܲá

´΢΢ס

¼Щ˵ˣ֪ǲ֪ʼĩʵǿнİ취

´Ҹ·˼ǣһýȥһˣܲܰѳ׵Ӷǰ

춼³ͷˣҪǰ׵ĻʵЩˣֻСǱ˿̱Դɩ·ֻлԼˣû֮ǰôҲֲǳ¼ܡ

Ծѳ׵ʱ䶨Ȣõİ취

Ϊ·δϱ£ҳԷ¶̫ߣȻʳܺóԣôҲ޷ָС

Ҳݲݳһ󣬳¼˾ͻȥˣٳǰЩǸصʵû˼úóԷ̣һ⣬鶨һһ١

˵Ļҵ²Ҹ۵𣿡ЦŵҪʲôܰæĵط;ܿڡ

úáӦ֡

Ҳڳ·ģ÷ķʽԼ֧֡

֮ѩֿʼ׷䡣

ߵſڵʱ۾ͲýǰˣԼͳ¼˳ԺӺְѴš

ôһĹٻʱͷϾѾһס

æӸá

֮һʰϵĹư裬ϴԱ߸ˮ

һˮһűߣѩ׷ɣҲ䡣

ֻ֮ǰСĻ̲סʵǰҲС𣿡

ǵڣʧЦſʼ䣬ĸû֮ǰⶼԣ䲻ϲңֻػҲȥǻᵡһЩĻǻλ

ĸȥҲÿ£ǲɢ֮ҵ鶼ԼȥҲйûˮ̿õʱ򣬵ٲø˽ϴ

ᡮšû׷ʣȴԼµýϴﲻΪǸĸǸŮӣЩʰˡ

ĻƹƾûٸɣȻʱ򣬽һûµظɹũˣôһ롣  

˼󣬽ת˻⣬·Ҫ׵ĻֻǶµֻǼҪԼá

¼ҴһͷʱѾɣճǵ˼ͷķ֮һͿˡ

۸˽괺ǶʱʵǳҰˣһϼƾ;һͷ

ۣСͲһֻͷҲһʮ㳦ŹһӦζ֮󣬾Ͳʣ¶١

ֶ̳֮࣬͵⣬һͷͲˡ

ٵȼհɣﲻ˼˶Ҫȥǵȳ·ǱӶȥұҲ١

Ҳôġ

ֻʵûȥұ˵Ļᡣ

ΪڶýȥڣСɩô˵Ҫѳ׵Ӷ괺

괺첥ֵʱ˸˸ɻ

Ϣǳ·Լ˵ġ

ЩԳ֪ҪôڣҸĸѾôģ˵Ҳòá

ȴͬƽཻϵҲǳ˼֮õˣ໰׾˵ڡ

·Ĭãûסץ˰ͷüͷɩôԴְﲻʲô͸оԼرûá

ôأ㲻Ѿȥ𣿡ĳ·ļ򰲸

ԼĪܹµ·飬ͶµĻ£ʶżһҲ֮е¡

·ǲ֪ɩӵжѿֱӰ˶Ǹý˵겥Ҫ˸ɻ붼ѻڶ֮ǰ

۸һۣԺͬʱһ̱ĸֺ˵Ļ档

һ£ʵڶ¼գ

³·

ͷǻá

·һ˲ɴۣпĸ£

֪ʲô͵ĸʱ䣬һܿѵϣȷʵܳһδڴ˵ÿһ죬һЩ

·һᣬͷ˼ˡ

߳·֮Žڻ£飬廨ոҹҹûʲôͬ

˵ҲĽϳʲôһЩʶͺˡ

̲סЩʪ󣬡ҵʱһؼңбõʱ𣿡
  
Ц£ûнӻ  

մԽûԵĲŻȥҰˣҲǵĸ״·ڼҪգٱ׶¡

ɺϣѾײҪżǻ̰ĵ룬ܹǰͲôࡣ

·ĻҪĸºȥˣͷѾɣٶĸµĻ֪Ҫιʳһ˾Ҳ⼸¡

ٽ꣬ļ۸ҲȴҪ΢ôһǮһ

۴ʱ򣬸ҵһЩԼԸյѮͰѳ¼ͷɱˡ

ɱ͵ķף۳˴ＸϵȽҪõ֮⣬ûݡ

룬ⳣǱ߽ӽؿ϶æ˸Ϣɱ档

ϢͳȥҲûϣϾķɱô붼Ǹ롣

ϣ첻ˣŴѧؼҹս

죬սǻõòУ󣬶ûȺϣܵǰЦʣ֣ɻǵŵҵĿ

ʧЦأȻ͸ȸֵԵΣ

к˵ͯҲݣܵҪȥõĵĽߣЩɳ

˵ͷͼսվԭأŽ뿪ķ֪Щʲô

ǰ˻ΣŻع˵˾ʲô 
















62  ʮ  㻹ʶ 






ҷֹЩʲôأһִսļ, ָ΢΢ǺεвֻҪս˵һ, ľͻһ󼲷籩ꡣ

սʶղŵʧ̬, æ۱Ǹһ, ͵ʵ̫ˡ

üʵʲô

ѧʱһ, ս, ɸơ

ĺһ, 뵽֮ǰѽµǸͬĸĵܵܣɫʵǺɶ, ͼΣ

սҲܹ˵ʲôݣʵǺ, ˫, ƳʿͱҶҪԳһЩ, Ѿʮֶ

˵ѾһЩϢ͸ȷϲǽͬĸĵܵܡ

˿ŵĳ, սղŵĻظһ, Ȼʵôһݣ  

ʵĸ֮Ĺϵ, Լߵݣ۶, ˾˵, ͻ̲סҪʣ᲻ʲôû뵽ѪԵϵ

˼Ƭ̺ҡҡͷδ˵иݡ

˵սͷкȥɻˡ

սȻݣһ˵ܳôҲһԵ֣ȥμӸʱһҪʶ

ܾãԼһ˳мͰˣǻҪȥʶԷܾЩֵֹġ

ô˵ҲԺȥˣս˵ĸԲǹؼЦŵԶûŸȥˡ

սһӦ˵ı飬ˮ׼¼ȡǱȻ֮𣿡

ҡҡͷװźɵƵսǰĺȥɡ

˵תͷ졣

ĺÿָϸյúãҲûзǱɫȻɫĺɱɸˬһҧȥȴŴŴġ

սһ޲ڡ

ֻǸסģֵģϲĺɣ˼ҲܿƮԺ

˻ûס֣ȥԺתת𣿡

Ҫȥ𣿡

òãսץһѺɣҴСȥͺˣɡ

˵ͺʲôҪҧβƵģɿ˳ȥ

°ʧſڣҡҡͷСͱͬĺӵƤһЩ

֪սԼ鷳ɤӣڳ֮ǰҲࡣ

Ը䲻սôѣʱ󲿷ֵĶȣҪõöࡣȷʵǵʱǳ֮˺ܶࡣ

ԭ򲻹ԼɿһЩ̫ˣս㹻ı˾ͻֺ޸֮ˣ˼ҿֻϲ̨ˡ

ȴ΢΢ɴۡ

Լʲôȴ˼صͷ

л˼֮˾Ͱѻתѧ棬첩ǿʶ۰ѧϰʱƿ˵ܸܿķǽ顣  

˲֪Сʱ鷿ŸѾʰã׼һ£ٹͿԳ緹

ϰףɱģ˳ӹҲֻǰŽгϴ˸ջѡ

Ϊһֻ֮ҪʱȥкһɱĿ˾С

䣬ҺϹָԼ˵ôõĻ۾С鷿Ϣ𣬵ȳԷʱٳȥ

һţͲûǣС̹鷿ܵսײš

϶Ϊ˽ҲˣСƹģ

ҵİսСƹǣ۸ǰһ֮ǰӴģ˵Ҫиҵġ

ô£ָԸջϵйϵ񻷡

ս·æİ棬˵׸±ҧ

أָСŵ룬ʡ

սȻʸôҪģҾιԵģҵĻ

£ŷӦ˵ĸôָ»Ҳи硣

ΪϵȽϺõͬԳĳ·ʶһֱеǽ֣СҲǽн磬սôƺʱܾΪ֡

սһԵˣô˵˺󣬱Ӧ¡

ֻڷ鷿֮ǰۻûס˾䣬Ǽһʲô㲻ʶ𣿡

սһЦ°͵Ժ㻹ʶҸղȥʱǶˮû

һƽ鷿㻹ȥİɡ

˵ҡҡͷȥкԷĴˡ

ʱһ

Ҳˣڣ֮⣬սҲ̸ܽϵˡ

Ӧ˵ǺпԺúý̸ˡ

սѧʣϰףϲ˵ص¡

ۼҵɱȻʳ˴ҹ涨еǼһײ

Լģ͹һЩ¼Һ⣬춼ûԹ

һ˳˶ϲòС

˵ʵĺܳһۺ󣬾ЪҪ˼ٺóҲصģǮԡ

սȴͬŹϵԼ֮ǰĳŵǰֱӱ˵˵ģҴѧ󣬺ɵĶҳԵġ

ٵ𣿡ʧЦ

Ҳ׼ˡ

ֻк죬⻰еסҪȥսĶ䡣

ս߶ίҸǺѣҪȻֱ˵ˣѵҪ𣿡

ۿڣǶ˵ͯ׼õĺԼɣһЩĻ񶼰ᵽϡ

֮ʰԺĶ۸ȥ鿴Ҵ

˴߲˲˸Բ˵

սİ۸ңǻ˸صĶԼһЩ⣬һӵĲҶ

ۻû뵽磬ǽȥʰ鷿ߵʱ򣬿Ҷݹһأµսһ˺ϲǼҵĲҶһ޲Ҷȥ

ȻսѧѧϰϣԼ͵ȣ֮ǰ׼Ļ̫Щ

ҳս͵ѧϰϣЦŵչдָһ⡣

Ӧû˲ٵ˼۱ȽϸһЩսӦΪ׼ġø˿ּȻģܿ׾Ϳˡ

ҲսԸ

ɱ֮󣬱ѬƸζ˺Щһ޹ˡ

֮׼Լ

˴⣬ϵĺؼҸҡһǮ󲿷ֶǾⳣַ˵֣ҪˣȻٲҪ׼һ
  
۸֪ͨⳣַ϶ȱ׼Ĵ󲿷ֻԼƵĶۡ㳦ЩȲ˵Ƚϸӵĺۣ㳦۶û

òٴһѰ˼Ҷ⣬ͺˡ

ֵع˸תֵԪڡ

һεƻʱҪڼץС͵εƻȻٴر˵ãҪһȥ档

иʱǵĳ·ᣬڼҰæúÿӡ

 
















63  ʮ  Ԫƻ  




ڰʱ, ͰкæԤ¥ٴλãսԸµ˹ȥ֤ѡλþϼ֮, ۾ת

Ԫڵ, ۸ȥϡ

ʱ, СѾʼռݺ̯λ, ҪĶ˳

۸һ·ȥ, Ҳʲô, ֻȤľͼҹƻῪʼ, ٻĹ䡣

Ͼƻ᱾գȻĻʲôʱ򲻵

ͣͣٽ¥ſʱ, ۱ʣȥϢһȳ, ȥ䣿

Ϣһɡ۳Ľֵֵ߼˵̯, ܾ·ٵʱÿ·ü̯һſΪģں˶䡣

Ȼûʲô, ǴӼﵽ, Ѿͦõ·, ȥ¥ЪָһЩ, Ҳøˡ

˲̤¥ţſڵĻƾЦӭʵʶλǰԤλã

۵սչӦǲ¥λá  

Цݸ, ๫ˣչǶ¥Ͻǵż䣬ߴԿ¥µĽұ߸ܹһӳºķ⡣

˵ǰ·Ҫ۸¥ż䡣

۸һۺվԭûжսĲӦһͨλ𣿡

СľͲ֪ˣЦŵֻҵķԸϽǵżչӸµġ

뵽ʲôһ£ʵ֪¥ҹգ

Щؿ˽һۣܡ

һۣҪĶʮȷ

ҲʧЦתͷڵŵĻƣ鷳·ɡ

ȵż䣬Ƹ˲ĺ󣬾˵ſڵչ˵λѶϣλʲôҪܷԸǣСȲˡ

۵ͷ˳ȥżҲϡ

۸һۺͬʱεЦЦ

Ȼŵⶼûȳ˼ܹӵ顣

֮ǰսԤλõı飬Цŵָ֪ʱ֪ҪԤλҲû˵ʲô鵽ʱҪ϶ѡ

ͨ͸һ˵֪ȫźڲ󣬾ܵٽֵĴ˴¿

ȷʵ˵ǰ㣬˴羰ãд¿ֵһֵ۵ףΪڸߴȹ֣Ҳñš

оǶԾ࿴һ

۱ģΪ̫䣬˶ò٣㴰з磬Ҳ¶š

ֻʱԾһЩһ裬һʼǸƿڴߣ۾Щסˡ

²豭߹ȥڽ°ҲڽļϣʲôôȤ㿴öˡ

һָСڷһǺ«ԡ

ڽ߲˲䣬Ľ˼СĽ˼бǺ«ԣ

ֻɿȾһΣ˵⻰Щڵѹˣô˿ء

˭û̧ͷǡʧЦ

⻰Ÿ˵꣬͸ֱһ⽵̯ĿײţȻҲ̯Ŀ⣬ɸ죬Ѹٵһף˫۸ߣװʲôûһʼȲ衣

ҲЩΣϴҲصߡ

Եغ˰յĿϣûסͬʱЦ

۵ߴ°ɣƲ˵Կӳºľɫ𣿡

šһҲżȰһյȫ꣬߹ȥߵĴƿ

ֻǲ濴һۣɫͱЩŹ֡

ۺ̧ͷȥʵôˣ

ýشԼѾڿ¥ûԶĵطͣ˺üһ

ӴҶˡ۵

˼ҵСˣһҲ⼸ܹ档

ҵ٩˵ҲʲôԹ󣬲ȻÿҲֻܳˡ

źЦҡͷ㲻ġ

ʲô

Ҿլ

ĬЩ鲻˵Ҳ֪Էô

˽ۣ˽Լһ㣬ڵһ츻ˣܰѽլ

滭ϿһֳһǸǮ˼ҵС⣬һЩͲôˡ

ǽһӴˣ۾Ůڻ׽Բأ˻¡

۵ʲô۵ģ˻뿪ߣϻϵĵƶˣӦͦÿģǿȥ䡣

šһȻû

Ҳڲ¥ԵģҴϵĵȫֿһ뿪

ߵʱ򣬻ƻ˻᲻ϢĻżš

绹ҪȥϿΣϹҹ;ܾ˻Ƶĺ⡣

ʱ򣬽㿴˲Ķ·˶࣬ǣһ·ȥҲ˶࿴һۡ

Ԫƻ˵Īʨµˡ

һ籦ŵ̯ԱߣԾͣ˽Ų

۱ʣҪȥ𣿡  

ȥеɣ˺öࡣ

ʧЦû£濴Ǹߣ±ס

⻰Ҳ̲סЦ˳

ƻᣬȥ򻨵ƵģŮӣ˵ߣЩŮȣȷǺȺˡ

̯ӹȻһ̯Ӧùġ

⣬Χк۸̯ڶɨһۣ͵ȫһƣȿԹҲԲµӮȡ

ʣµôʽ

̯ٵʮǮһεĲջᣬݲ¶յ׵ѡͬĻơ

˵꣬ΧһȦȺͱһҵġá֡

۲²Ӧ˲¶ˣ㳯̯ȥ

ŽߵȺϣ̧һͿ˸ˣǺ֡

Ԫƻֽգ첻һ˳棬²ȥµա

ĿڳɨһȦȻ濴ССԱ߻վŸŸճĸ

ֵһ£ǳȥк

áͷ

ΧһȦΧʵ̫ˣǾȥˣҲ˵ţճٺһ

۸˸΢ԶȺȴľλվ

һȣǽյʱ䡣

񣬽ڽʤ̯ÿóһգջ⣬ܺܿĲ³

ԱҲذѾ¶Ե
  
ʮʱΧ۵Ⱥ㲻Ծ

̯ǵΧߣȻǿĵģֻתͷյʱֺۡ

ϻ۳һΪֵı飬Լȡ»ƣݸ˺졣

ӹƺ󣬲֪Ǳô˿ţԭ򣬸ԱŵǸʱģƺҲЩ

ǸӹƺȺԶóһ

˴Ӽææ뿪

߳Ⱥ֪ǲǸܵ۸Ŀ⣬̧۱վĵط˹һϲк֡

۸Ҳ뿪վŵĵط߹ȥýˣǸĳ

һ㣿

ǸҲ¡

ֵʶ

ǵһϵʱָȥׯ·

 

















64  ʮ  ϲ  



һʱӴ, ⶼȥ˽һʱ䣬ôˣҲֻȷʵϹһ, ǲׯҪô, Էʲôģ, ȥˡ

Խһϳǵָ·, ȲǾýļж, Ǿǲǵʱʲô֪顣

һô, ֪Ȼڣû, һǰżڽϴһλһϣϳĳ̶ȡ

֮ķӦҲ֤Ĳ²ǶԵġ

Ŀڽ֮ɨһۺڽ, һµ֮ǰڽϡײһµǸˣ

ǡЩΪ, û뵽ԷȻǵã˶ӵʱ, ɿգһۡ

Ҳ֮ǰڽһأǡʱϳ˶ѣվ˽ܡ

ֿҪһ䣿

Կ

뵽ղǸգ۵Ķ, ﲻһĨ, ԾͷǾһ𡣡

ۼͬһ, 㿴鷳λԵƬ̡

˵ָָɱȺΧĻ̯, Ҫ鲻Զ

Ԫƻ᱾ͶûʲôرĿģҪȥµ, ֵô֡

ǼּȺ档

̯ȥЦһ˲ЩӲ뵽ղһ֮һӾ˲ٻƣ󲿷ֻǼ۸Ƚϸ߰ģͺֶܿЦʣλӿǻҪµգ

ңָۣλҪµա

̯Ա㿴ۣѹֽһ顣

ʮ̯ͭתͷߵĽȽϲһƣ

ѿãָмһһͼĻƵϲǸ

̯ٵسŽָķ򿴹ȥֻһͨĻƣϵЦһʱóдĺӵӿ׼ˣ

ۿһģЩЦ

µճ˶Ժֱʫ˵ʲôһ־Ǵⷽ湤ģƵ̯

۶ʫ鲻࣬δ¹صĹľЩ붼޷ġ

һ緢ѧУͬѧѼһϣĵձЩһӿܶӴ

̯ʲô⣬ܻܿش

Ϊ֪ҪĲһյͨĻƣԼۻشһɣ̯Ҳûֳŵ

۴ʮգЦʣѾӮȡǸһͼĻƣɻҪ

۵ˣҪǸ

͸ã̯Ӧֹֿϡ

õƺ־͸˽

֮һֹ˰֣۸ɫˣ͸컹ؼңҲת˸ȥ

֮·ϱֻͬŻѻؼҵĴˣ۸Ⱥĺ棬Ҹһ룬ҵ˵ȴ̫С
  
ʱܷ˵Ļ˽һʣղ֧ҸȥǺ«ʱܹ˵ʲô

ۣ֪ǹ֧ģ

˵أü

Ҳһ˲£˵ھƽԼǷģȻ㣬ǲٲ²ҸղŸܹ˵Ļɡ

һ־Żѣһ°͵ݵĳĬǵһμʱײ°ɣ

¿ˮûҽӻӦȥҷԻݶ˵

ܲµҲͽ˶ѣٶֻиողŴӽģĵҲйء

˫³Ĳ³ȻƲԼ˵ڡ

ۼԾؿʼƵİ֣εصˣҲˡ

Ȼ²ʲô飬Ҳ֪ӦЩأø˵С˼ѡ

˿ĵõΪ۵ľ룬ײײ

ΪһˣΪܸףúϲҲûʹСϷע

ԿڽϹײԼȻͬӻŵĶѰЩ͡

ЩС˿ȡԼҪĶѣ۵Ļһ㣬̫

ڣģܹЩˡ

Ԫһھͳ׹ȥˣˮ㲻ͣЪ

ÿһʱȥѧϰΪֻһʱ䣬ÿղõѧϰҲء
  
Ϊ˲ѧϰ󴺸ֵ飬۸󣬶˴˰æġ

ЩЩѰƣǮ뵽費УԼ֡

ܵΪ費ʮѣǮȴһ궼

ɲĹǽ廹г·ᣬΪ֪ϺüǮʲҶļ۸ҲᵽһҶֵˣ󶼻ľ

۸ýֺͷ£֪׬˴Ǯ

ԼҲһ۲ɲʮʱ䣬׬˴ܶһ궼׬Ǯ

˸ӽһϢҲй¶ȥ鱻֪ʱһ

Ҷ׬һЩǮĿŬּ֮ɲʱҲȥһЩһɲ輾ۼƷҶ֮ȥһ࣬һܶ߼۵ǰ衣

ȫ͵һʮӡ

õǮ۸ĳʯͷ˵أӣ۶԰ĶԣΪǮš
  
ԵʱɵʱײϣٳҲûʲôӰ졣

һӦũæ󣬾Ѿ쵽£¼ҿʼ·׵ˡ

ӳ¼ҿʼ׼𣬾ڳ¼ҰæҲļ١

һڳ¼Ұһæֱȫ˲ų극

һݽ̱ϣ춼û˵

һ򶼻ԣôƣ۵ʱ

۵裬ְַڽͷƬ̣Ĵ¶̲סü

Լֻ֮ܲǰڳ¼ҵʱŬûֳѣԼҾͷ۷ڶͷϵֵһգ˯һͺˡ

ҪҸ˵һ£ͱȥæˡ뵽еģ֪ΪΣܾЩġ

ʧЦһ¶ѣӦӣҪǲȥĻҲʱȥұˡ

Ҳ֪Ƭ̺ŵǵٿҪûվͲȥæ

Ӧ£ҲûӦ

۵ڶʱ򣬵һ¾ȥ̽ͷ¶ȡ

ָͷԹȷϸԼûʲôŷġ

Ҫ·ȥףȻҪȥȴôż

뵽Ǹƣģ۱㶣ٶ˯

ͷһǻش

뿪䣬̲סڴر߿ʼŻ

 


















 
65  ʮ  кˡ  






жæ۾һȻ֪, ȻֻǸڳ·߰æͽʱȣ·ﻹһҪȥҽ׵, Դ֮, һֱ˰, ۲Ҫ, ں, ȫ鲻һʱȥĽ

Ҳ֪ǲΪһֱæԵ, һ˶û

˰ú󣬾Ƹк˵鶼Լȥ, Ҫ˰æ

ҵᣬҪȥû档

ֻǻṳ̂ţͱ´ﺰסСҽɣ

, ͣ, 𣿡

´ףߵһٵĽ, ʱҿɫ̫ãȻȥϢˡ

뵽Ǻƣ״̬ٿһ, ̲ס֮ǰôһΪ, ⲻǳĴѡ

´Ͼǵ֮ɫ, ԭ˵Ĳ²һȦ˻ȥֻֻǿЩ۶, Ӧûʲô£ҲԾϯ, ȳȥѸ

ôġ۵ͷӦ£ǸĳŴܱ߼ӵˣ˭иͷȵģһ㶼忴

¶࣬´ﻹҳڽ˵˼仰˹ϯ

æϽȥɣȻȥһˡ

´ףҲû˵ϾҪϯˣֻͷȥõûܹܲԷλøš

ӦºڱĿҴ˳ȥ

ȽԼԺӺȻڶе۵ȴ˲ƽ

ƿݵţ;ʵ˭

űǱӱƿĸO@

æҡ

شϣǱӦҪϯ˰ɣôܻˣ

ĶͷãģֶŽƬ̡ɫɫЩףҲǲõģ̲ס̾˿뿪ʱͺܲ˰ɣΪʲô˵

ãоȾ˷纮ˣǳ·׵ӣΪС²ȥæôҲ˵ȥ

ۣ⻹С£ղҽŲû

۵ӣⲻЩ˯𣿡

˵˼仰۲ľƺսʱһЩ뵽ڵĻ磬һҪҪһȥԷ

뵽ϯϵķˣûɵؾһθɫҲرò̫ÿ

ۼ״ŵḧ˼£ϸֲˣ

뵽ȥԷôˣϵĲ˾ЩܡѶͷ۵ļϣصôͻȻô飬ǳ·ϲӣӦúףǡ
  
ʱ˭ڰĻô˵ǽ飡

ᡮšһ۵ļ򴦲˲䣬˻ȥڴɺã˯һȹȥԷɣȻ̫ʧ񡣡

ϯҪʼˣ˶ԼҲȥĻȷʵûò

ʣһû𣿡

ֲСˣ˯Ҫš

Уҳ극Ͼͻ۵ҲˣȻѸ

áܣҲûܾ顣

۹ȥ¼ҵʱ򣬱;ϯæߵߣ˵˽ܹԭȻλ¡
  
λ֪󣬳ְűԱߡ

·Ĵϲ֮գ۲òЦϵ˵ĻǵĽһǲˡ

˵ϯһܵԱߣϿҵصеҪ鷳һ壬ҷЩȥæѸ

ҲǸɴģԱҲסڸڹȥɡ

˵Ϳ͵ĳӿˣҲСӣҸһͬȥ

Щ˼ﶼæԼȥͺˡ

µģǸӶھͿԡӵ

۾ܾˣֻôһȥԼҡ

֮£ȻԼȥݵš

֪Ҫû˯ţʱ²ڵϯҪɢˣ͸Ͻ׵˯˵ͷ

ʱͷãӦϾͳ

Ավſûж

ųʱ򣬿Ҳţ£Ҳûʲôֻǳͷк鷳ˡ

պöһˣһҲ鷳˿ɴָ࣬һŵӶԽҡ

ºӾһ㣬Ȼվڽ

ֻһʼָʱ£֮ȫ飬κα仯

ֱָ

Ҫʡ

͵һ£̧ۿۣⶼˣǾһ㶼û𣿡

ʲô۴ı￴ʲôԱ߳ͻȻЦʲôһȴûüץס

ⷽӦҪ΢һЩֲԾջأС֮ϣϲʣ˵Ŀģ

⻹мٲɣϸڽϿһŵѵûоر𣿻ŵ뵽Ķ£

СǡΪⲻǴ

Ļܲ׷ʲôֻԴԾµһŽ״ǾȻкˡ

վǳҲҪḻö࣬Ͽģ͸´ԼĲ²⡣šüҪǳ⣬æҲҸûв˾ͲˣҲû˽̹ЩԼС뵽Щ

͸ӵģۼҵȻô۳׵ģҲжš

ôһ˵ջѿھҪѵĻֻԺҪעЩǡ

æͷӦ¡  

忴ɵģûס̾˿ˣ˵ЩҪע£

á̬ȶص

۾˯𣬰ҪǻҲСЪһҪ˯̫ãҲҪʲôԶ߶ǿ壬մ״̬

۵ͷʾסˣʣأ

Щؿһۣȴ˺ܶ࣬󲿷еˣǰ漸¶µ֢״ʲô£Ҫ㣬Ͱˣŵǹζúܶࡣ

ʣгԵأʲôԸƵ𣿡

ǿԵĻβե˻˿ԷǰȺȵѹѹܶࡣ

ۼºһЩ⣬ʵ嶼ͷˣֻǻжѣûôٹһ£Щ֢״ͶˣҪǻ⣬ʱҹ°

ðɣҼסˡ۱˱Ӧ£ָϽȥ˸ɫǮ˼ʮͭȥл

Ǻ£Ǯͭһ˼ҸöҪ࣬Ҳûоֻܾ֮ǻʲô⣬ʱҾǡ

۰ӶͳԺӵź룬ѴŲתݡ

 


















66  ʮ  ȥ  





ۻصݵʱ, ͼ뿪ʱǸƣָСϣǹһĨǳǳЦ

Էģ, ӵ֪кƽ, ͻȻһ޻, ů

ָо, ŲԾŵ, ¸ŵʲôһ

ҿһ𣿡˵ں, ۲Ų֪Ѿߵ߶, ĿһֱڽĶûƿ

ٶڳ΢һϣ˵ҲΪ

۵ĳ൹ûҲʱ, ֻ˾ЩΥͶѡ

Ȼ, Լ϶

Ҳûã۵ĻŴԼ˼лع, ȻͿְŵƶߣ۰ͰͿСϵ֣ƺҪһµҪ

һӦôУ컯֮µġ

۶Լһ˽, ۾ʶ, ֪ڲ˼, ղǳȥҾͰˡ



, Ƕڼȴ, ʱҹƲţ֪ôء

ûþܾ۵ҪһԷԼϵֻ֣һͬСϡ
  
۵ֲѣ̲סģȫʱѾ޹ġоϤƽ̹˶֪棬һСС

ǹͬѪһӡ

ַһԲ㣬֪ʱ򲻿ʲô̲סѶչȥҪһ

ʧЦʱʲ

һ仰δ˵꣬࡯һ죬˫ȥ˼̧ͷ۶ӡ

ЦһڽԱߣ§ڻȴԷڽǸ

ղŹҪע飬ֻŸˣ˶ˣϯɢôãȴδ㷴θԲ̫ණΪһˣöǻ

ԼҲˡСϳ֮ڣԺֻһ£Ǿ˸ĺӡ

֪θڲ̫ãʣʲôԵ𣿡

͵͵¿ˮͷ۶ӣ⽡

£ףۣ¼ҿ϶ϲδ⣬ܿŪáⶼ³ˣҪҵʵȴס

ϳ⽺ʱȥˡ

ãӦºЩ˼˵˲ȥңԺԿǱ˲۵ģҶš

ôһ˵Ļô£ڽĶͷϵ£ЦŵͿ˰ɣ

ǡش൱ʵǰԳݵʱ򣬿Ǽˣر⽳ԣֻⶼ·ˣĻų˵ģסûж֣ҲûõӲˡ

ղʲôͻǰ˼յĶ˵˳

ҡҡͷʲôͳԣԼ͸ңȥˣҪ

ۿۣܿˣ

úúãԺ˵ʲôǵôСһЦŵͷڽͷһ¾ҵȥ׼緹ˡ˵βե˿ѹסθͳΣ

Ҫ󣺡ҪƬˡ

ɣû⡣˸õƣЩʱڲӣѾƬҶӣ۵ʱһ·ȷʵˡ

۳ȥŵʱ򣬳ӸպŸӹŷµĶ¡

Ҳû˵ʲôֻЦŵ϶û׼ʲˣ˵ȻŪԡ

⻰˼ǣ͹ĶΪûȥϯøڳԵĶѣ֪к󣬸ǵĺ

ȻˣЦŵղ˵˽ʺϳե˿ȥҪء
  
ӰӹڲԱߵϣҲЦ£Ҳôġ

ۻڳӣֵǱ߻ҪæͲˣæٸһ

лӹۿصл

֮˷ˣժ˼УʱǼ̵ˣֻۣȰ֮ǰڣڼԣһЩ

֪˵βե˿ЧǺϢˡֻ˼գָֻԷʱ糿ϣûٷġ

û̫صڷӦҲһϾ˸ӣھͻú࣬һʼµĻǾ͸ѹˡ

΢ȶһЩͿʼӤѡ

Ȼɣ幤Ҳ׿δСӤѣ֪ҪôȴǺبǰһ⡣

۾͸˵ˡ

ڳ´ӶоģԴĺÿ¿λῴ´ſڷѡ

ҲϴֺѾõССӤѶģÿÿĶˡ

ֻһʱ֮ﲻɲɻ󣬡Ҷʮʮ˰ɣ˵СӤúܴܿô𣿡

ӤѶõϸ޲Ȼˣ۸˵Ҳ󣬶ԼδĺӣٶǮҲֻۣǿôͣطѣŶѡ

ϾСӤֲʲôѹС

ԼδĺӲء

̧Ƥɿؿһۺ󣬾ʹϵĻƣ㲻
  
ۣ

ǳ´ЦŽ͵ʱ㣬⺢Ӧʮµסʮһ³ҳʱ䣬Ѳ׸ɣСӤŪѣҪڻ϶Ҫ׼ЩС

һ£´ЦʤСЩ껹߰˳£һٺò

⻰˵ʱԿѵͣһ£ĵѹ˵

һĹ֦ͷҶ̱̣ٽȾһơ

Ƚ価֦ͷһѩʱѾʮѮ

ĶҲ¶Ҫȷһӵĳ̶ȡ

ѩµñȥҪ࣬ȥô

ԴӺ·ݴ˺Ͼ˯ȣ۲ǹ̶îʱ𴲣Ϊ˯һͻǳߵĽѡ

ѩϣѵ˯ʱѣҲһֱڴɵʱ

ԴۿҪѩˣ͸˼٣粻׼ʱʱȥϿΡ

һѧϰ۵ˮƽ¼ȡӦò⣬ֿǵиз򣬾Լڼϰв⣬ʱȥʡ

Ҳܷչ˽

ȻģýһڼҴţۼȥҲûѧϰ

ʱѾԱ߿á

ۣ۱ƽҪ׵öĴԺʣǲѩˣ

ۡšһӦ£ȻѸٴӱﻬȥָϽתѱҴãɻȥո̿㴩ѵʱûô䡣

뵽ʲôе𴲣ֲѣͱĿ˻ȥֻ۰Ͱ͵صһ㡣

ֻǶˣʲôȻ̿ʱ˳á

ǣŴ򴽵ǳѩ㻹Ҫȥѩˡ

 
















  
67  ʮ  ʲô 


һ, ⼸˵ĻȷûҪѩ¡

û򵽣̲ס, ֻһ˫ڰ׷۾档

۲ⷬСƺһ˿û˵ί, ͻȻ, 뵽ȥѩʱԺѵѩ, ǲܿƵعһĨЦ, Ҳǿֿ, ѩ˿϶ҪѵģҪȳԹ緹С

ѱһ, ѸղıӸ¶գ۾ãҪ档

û⡣ˬӦ£ȴȥ¡

Ǻܶûмôѩ, ããһƬ, ָĶòУûסԺѩˡ

ʱֻ¿, ѩضṳ̂һΪǴСѩϰΪ뵽δһѩȴ

񶬿õ̿İ̿, ȼܿ, յʱҲ, ˼۸ĸ֮⣬ûȱ㡣

һ, һȻû, һ󣬿¶߲٣ȻѴݳͲ̫䡣

һȻǷڴ߰Ҫѿůůġ

ʱԼѵĻЩѾˣǵͷЬ

۱Լϡ

һʼЩϰߣԼȷʵѹţ־һɵȰ˵Ͷ

̿ԱľӣѴ濾ţžòˣýһѴϡ

ЩѾܶأޱȡ

ֻǽӵʱĶһ͡

žͷڻϣҲ䣬ͣٺʣôˣ
  
ۿǰ˫ţ׵ֺͷԲཱུģ䲻ѿǰϸݡһƤ£ܿɫѪܵģѾȥԶûסЩᡣ

ص㣬صǽ׳ƽʱжܡ

۵ץĽᶯ˶ֺ˵ģǿһЩʵôܣÿϲˮݽ𣿡

˵һߴٵģٲҰӸЬӴãҾҪˡ

ɤӣϾͺá"

˵Ѹٵظü޵ӣְĿĲЬȥ

׵ϵˮҲˣ֮ϴ緹

緹Ϣһۿ⿴ȥ˼멳ţְ¯װµ̿ýš

ⰲǣҲ˵ʲôԹԵš

۰˹ʵʵóȥԲᶳź󣬲ݵš

֨ŤһĿİ׹Ӵ򿪵ķк룬յ˶ۡ

ϵĻѩǳǳչ󣬻ˮ˳ű⻺µΣѩˡ

Ц£û˵ֻ˷վˣȻָָϵİѩָָԼ

ڽɻĿһѩԭƽ׾ѩӡȵ÷ɽѩĽűû

Ŀɿڴˡ

Ҫ׵ˣڽӵ̧ͷվµЦ˻Ŀת멶ڲסԵó֮ǰúһΣȻֻܵȵСһﳤѩܴͣ档

΢΢һŵÿ궼һѩ˰ɣϲ

á

ҲӦ£Ȼѩʼѩ

ղԺĻѩ㹻࣬ܿѩ

ѩº󣬾Ϳʼù߸ѩΡвһĶȻÿüë̲ס

ٺܿ죬һѩ˵Ĵ״Ƭ̾ѾŪãתһȦȷûʲôҪ޸ĵĺ󣬾ͰһѩƵѩ˵ĵط

ûסѵѩˡǲǿ̫Щ

ûаͷҲûأȻصȥҲҲôѵ𣿡

ֲȥꡣСֹţ¯˫̲סһЩ¸߸¡ĸ

ȻûֹϵĶɿ죬˿ûҪѩ˷ֿһļ

һ󣬾ջĿ⣬ҧ촽̫䣬ҽȥѺٺҡ

˵겻ۻشԼͷߣݺ󣬻˳ְŴ£ɰص״̬

󣬲Żͷۿյ£ȴһĨЦ

˿һʱ䣬ûκζҲһֱûȵ۽ڵŲ£ûܼȥ¯ߵŷߣ͵͵⿴һۡ

Ϊ֮ǰŵʱõЩֻһ죬ʲô

ôڲ£ŶһЩۿٿĽŲͬʱѾѺˣɡ

Ͻվֱ壬æɫװȵòͷôôá

ۿվűߣԵɫĻ²ղŷʲôҲ𴩣ֻЦĸɾϵѩһֻȥһָֻѾѺõѩˣΪСһģ̫Ūˡ

˳ָķ򣬾ͿŵĴѩǰ棬վһԲնյСѩˣСѩƨɶǣģһץһֻѩȲͷѩ˵Ķȴһš

ǡһѩˣһ뵽ԼղŶ͵͵ίΪ̲סۿЩȡ

ЦŵҸŵģԺʲô

ţӦһվ¿Ƭ̺Ծò㣬߽ȥ

۵û⡣

Ϊϵս˿ܵѩ˵£ڹѩʱ򣬾һԺʯ˼·ֻҪŵ㣬ȫĻỬ

˲ߵ£ȲƵСѩ˵ǰ棬Բһֻֻ֦װγѩˣ󣬻ѿ̾ɰ

ʧЦûаɵ⼸˵

ѩһȦֶſ˰죬ǻɡ

Ժôѩһ䣬˴멣ֱ¯һԾɾ˫ſʼ⡣

ڵԼʱǶˣԼܾˣӰ쵽еĺӾ׷Īˡ  

ߵ£ŷֱµӣЬմŵѩߵ
  
ˡ֮žߴһ졣

ӵžߴ졭

۸ͼ¼Ǳ߸ɾѩ˸ѩ򣬽ѩΧƽѩҳѩӡ

·ŽվһߣǻͷЦкպԺ˵ҾͲȥˡ

ʣʲô𣿡

첻ѩ𣿡·һˣһҼҳԻ

Щԥ

·״ģһЩ嵭ģҲû⡣

ŵͷӦ£ȫýĶҪҳԻȽؿζһ㵹ãҪһٷϻ

·Ϣ͵̧ۿԺѩˣûסԼﺰСС꣬ѩˣѩ̰ɣ

ѩԺ

˵ԼԺѩˣû˵˼Զ

 

















68  ʮ   




ʮѮǴѩ, ±ʣȻ䣬Ѿѩѩʱò֪١

Ѯ֮, ۸ӽ, ˯˯̫, ½зӦȴûܼʱ

ǽ, սս, С̬ȳ, Եø侲Щ

Ҳֻ΢ôһѣӶ˵Ҳͷһ, ΪɳԭǰҲûӴôӵġ  

ĿһҲš

£ʮĺϣ˷Ӧ

ʱһ, ĵʱ, ϴ˯

ڴϷȥãû˯š

Ҳ˵, ÿһСƽʱҲǵ˯źŻ˯

﷭۾Ͱ쵽ᰴ, ԼĲ, Ǿﲻ𣿡

Һϳ̫, еšһ²ŵ

Եŵ˯ţһ˻Ǹз˵, ȷʵ˼ֱ׳˵ڡ

Ȼ֪ƽС뷹ΪʢġʱֻθھͶһ, ûгŵ˯ŵĽ

Ƭ̺󣬶ЩΡ

СĵعѣڽĸȦࡣ

ڸůý̲ס̾һԶ˻÷۵Ķ

ԼĪ˰յʱ䣬Ѱ˼Ӧòˣ֣͸о¡ĸ͵¡

ڼ⾷ε𶯣ƽʱкӵƤֳĶ𲢲

λ׵ˣԼδĺӵƤʱÿһֶһϸ΢Ĳָֻ۶ˣοԼ仯Ľ
  
Щµ֣ڽϷһʱҲǣոǣǡ

һƽղŸʹĲʣӦòǳԳܡ

õ϶ش۹˲䣬Ѹٷ´·˲ȸѱҴãű𶯣ȥǹæܿͻ

ȥɣûµġղһ³ʹ֮󣬺ܿƽҪ֮ǰ˽֪Ҫ˵֢״ܾܿͺԹȥˡ

˽Щͬʱ֪տʼзӦʱֳʹҪһʱŻһ¡

Լ۲ţҲ¡

ҡڽͷӡһǣűѱܡ

ܵ¼ʱҲ˲ó¼ǲ˯˾ƹƹҵһš

¼˶֪⼸գ˳´С⣬Ѹٵشѳ

Żû򿪣˵ӾʣǲǽҪˣ

ǡۻ˵ڣŷ֪Ļǽţôһ֣ǲġ

Ѹţ·ȥڴСûȥ㣬䣬СˤˣС˯׼ҡ

˵תۣٴȷϵȷԼŽôӴҸæ

һ˰æʹ´֪˻֮⣬һ㻹һ׽ѾɻӵĸæһЩݶˮӻ

֪󣬾;øûҪˡ

Ȳ˵ЩϸڵĶɱġǴ˵ʱ˲ײû

Ϊܹʱ˼ˣһӵʱţǽв

Ա߿ţҲʶԼһ˶Ŀࡣ

֪ƹô߰뷨ȷæ͵һȥȥˮ̿Ž

гӰŰţЩ¸Ҫ۲ģֻ谲Žͺá
  
ҵ̿պúСҲų´ˣС꣬ҲûӵĻڼ˯ų´°ڸں˵Ҫæ

Ҳܿ챻˹

ֻǼ״󣬾Ƴһ۵ⶼĵģҲҪӽһ𼱻ǵģһΪҪˡ

ܡڴߣŽֵ

Խ滹ܣģΪȻϢ;Ϣһõʱû

Ȼߵüææδƽ͵ȵ濾Ϣһɣ˳ԵģպóЩӣ

ŵ˵ͷҸʱһΡ

ȷûôֳȥó¼ȻȥϢʹ˵ĳ´ССꡣ

¼Ҳû´֪ҲҪŻΪˣ֪м϶вٵҪæóӸС׼·š

ʱ˶࣬ҪʱûˣҲûܾ´ú⡣

źЩ󣬳˲ÿһʱȥһ۽ʱֻڴš

֪֮Ҫ賿ǻŬС˯˼ݵľ

֮˵ǶݵľΪÿθ˯ûãֻᱻӵĳʹŪѡ

Ƚʱ֮ʹԽԽƵҲ˯š

ļʱҲԽԽ̡

ۿÿһΣüͷһţҲҧģ۵òУŽʼûзſ 

һֱ߶߶˵ŰοĻ

ⲻ֪ʹе˱ܱӰ죬һֱڶ˵ȻðοĪòУûסܲ˵𣿡

Ǿ̫𣿡

˼һ¾ƻѹ㻻˵ɣתעġ

תעԤ֧ŽûһҸ㽲°ɣ

дĻ𣿡ʡ

ǣ۵Ҵӱ𴦿ġ

ǰиӣûҲûǴʯͷĳġ

˵ڣʹϵҲһɡ

ЩãȻƬ̲Ū׽Ϊʲô

Ĭ˰һʱҲ벻ĸõĹ£ͻ˸ʽǰֻӣΪ̫Ƥѹָɽ¡

û˵ʲô

۾ͱ߻˵Ỻᣬ죬ܾòܷʲô£Դԡ

Ҳһֱ۵һƬ̶û÷ſ

ֱ鿴òˣ뿪ȥ顣

ʱѾӽîʱ

һƬ̶δۣû˿⣬Ѳŵ׵һͻյŽ֣ú¡

һҹ۵ѣʱһСӡ

ۿŲһϵء

лţſڴ߲Ը⶯ۣȥһºӡ

տˣС׳أۿŽѾһƤһϣϽ˯ɡ

ϴ˿һۺ˯

۳һ¡

ʱУûӦΪʲô⣬ҵؾҪô

ۣӺܺã̫˵㣬㱻˯š



 















69  ʮ  Լ  






9

ɾ, ӾͶˮϴ٣ֻźӣҲûſڴ߸ֹЩʲô

Ͼ֮ǰ, ڽǹô뿪ģ, Ѿ˼ʶ, ô, ﶼܺ޲

ֻ۾ȻԽ˵̫, ½, ᱻ˯ź󣬳ûס, Сô˵ģӤ⸱ģ𣿡

Ҳ͵ǣиô˵ԼҶӵģ˵⺢ˣ

ҲĹĵƳһۺ, ͱ۲ȥ, ֻųӸķصϴ鷳ӱҿһ°ɡ

ϾͺáӸһ, ѸٵذӤãųʹ˸ɫʾѺӱȥ

ȻԼ˵ʵ޴ٶ, Ĳú, ֪ղŲӦô˵, ˿ӵʾ⣬Ϳ첽߹ȥ, ˫ֵҸô

ܼ򵥵ġǽָôڷţȻŰѺӷȥ, СĵţǵһҪкúӵͷ
  
Ϊ䣬Ӥٹһһ㣬۸źһ٣ûܵ˵಻źͷֱֻۻǽӲŲ˿

û˿ڶֻ˫Ȼеǰƣźߵߡ

ӲӦлҪ˵͵æһϣҲˣҴȥϢСóԵģȥԡ

Ȼָۣܣ˵Ҳµõ϶ʲôԲ£ԳҲûҪԵġ

ǳȥ˳Ҳá

ʱֻʣۺͽǲŸճһʱĶӡ

ڽڴĿ̾˿ŰԼҶӷڴ߿ճĵط

һѶӷ£ͳϰ棬Ҳ¶ϲЦ⡣

ۿЦһȰůȿԼҶӵģϵЦһ

ֱ仯̲סɣǸղѣڿӵĵһۻ᲻ס顣

ǰҲԼ˵ճĺӳöôÿһֱãƾԼòٲÿҲѿʲô̶ȥ

˼Ǹղŷ˵ӳҲֻ÷Ǻ˵˵ʶѡ

Ŀ֮ûסƲƲ죬ôͰ͵ġ

ƤҲǺڻƺڻƵġ

ۿı仯󣬾ڴ£˵ճĺӶģճ˾ͺá

Ҳ̫ϾԼĺӣûܰǸ˵

Ҹղ˵Ķʵʼ磬ֻĸоȳСӳҪ֪Լճͱ׸˵󣬲֪ʲôı顣

ô˵ҲƾԼĳ࣬ӾԲ󣬶кֲǸ˵ôҪעġ

ղҲû׼һʱ̫Ż¶Ƿ飬ôһ˵۸ǹеִӱԼҶӵģ૵ǸղŲӦô˵ġ

ʧЦö

۵һᣬղҲ˵ˡ

úúãӦҲСӵǸ

˵ʹչȥںӵ£ҲŵСӣԲ𣬸ײ˵㳤óģϾҶô˧㳤Ҳһ˶Ҫÿ
  
¶εЦݣڵǸأڹԼ

üǿԼڿһˡ

ӣָгôãһ㾫ҲĴգգ۾˯ˡ

˯ɣ۵ҾͳСӡ

šһ˵ѾúǵøȷϺ֣ҪһֱСӡ

̧ͷ۴ķֵͷ˯Ķӣĳطůʱ򳿹΢ͽ೿ɣһ֡

áѾ֣˺硣

ڴߣȽ೤֪һ˯ư춼᲻뿪

̲סԼʳָůȻڶһ£ĵΪСӣô࣬ԺһúúýС

𽥴˯ķɺͺӣ˿ûʱš

¼Ҳڰæ󲿷ܹҪôЩȴ

˾֪᲻÷ɸӣȥŰ˺˳

ǰѾ׼Ҫл󣬾ͰѶһ˳ȥ

ҵĶһ͵ô󷽣õ֮󣬾ϲ̵صҾȻȥˣպٹҶϴ

ˡ˵Ű͵Ժ档

ҲŸ֮ǰСֻŪ˸ԵĶղ˹棬һû˯ҲϽԵ㶫Ϣ

֮ǰãŵζмźűֱ񾭡

°һ󣬳¼˶ûԵһ룬ҹϵ׽ҲҪرкº˲ߣ۾͵ԣҲϽȥϢɣˣȥŽ֮Уٸһл

Ӱ˰֣Һ˵л֡

·ע⵽ȴһ£ȷӽʲôˣ

һ֡Ҳ֮ǰʵ̫ᣬѡȴ֮ǰκһ

۽֮ǰֶ˯˵ĻлҲץʱ˯ֻŶǸӿԺԿʱ仹أӤڣ˯Ⱦȴס
  
Ӧ£ݺȴֲŲۡ

ճӤһһģ

һʼԼҶӳӵۣųϿȥڻƣɰ۵ģҲڲΥĵؿԼҶӿɰ

ΪĿɰ

ɰûû£ϴһЩ˺󣬲ټһ߹˼ңʾʾԸⲻԸⶨס

۸˶ԸäƼ޵ˣסۼˣ˶˺óʱ以˽⣬飬Űѹϵȷ

ôͬųĺӶס

ʵǹϵ΢һģ֪۾ԲӦ£Ͼĸ͸ףŮڻˣ֪صޡ

ӳ󣬾ϴȻ£ӹ÷ɿ졣

Ƚ֮ѾʮһµףϾҪ¡

˺Ӻ˱ÿճһʱŲУҲҪΪĳ̣еʱ䶼»߿ӡ

Ϊ˹ʱִ̫ٻ߼򵥣۸󣬴ʮ³׼

ȥȣ˸ӣ۸æˣȴø֡

˵ȥܰһļҡ

ԪԪһԾͿʼ

۴Խ꣬˯ٸҹӭ˵һμ⡣

 
















70  ʮ  Ա  





Դʮ˿ʼ, ʮѾ׼ñҪõĶ

ʮ죬𴲣ȥԺ, ι̺, ֻ򲼸, Լԡ¡

ԭǲЩ, κδӿʼ, ΪõϢ, ۾չ˺ӵĻ

һµĶָʱ, Ѿչ˺ӵ´￴˶Ҫһ̶ȡ

۶ϰˣ;óûգȻûҪý

˵, Ҷ, ౧˵ܲ䵽ء

緹ʱ򣬾ͿԼҷϴĸɾ, ͷϻδɵˮһѾ׵úöȥģ

ȴƽûʲôڳС, Ÿ˹ڶݵĺ档

ҡҡͷ, Ϸ, ߵӶߣĲ˹ĵ㶼ϴ˻, Ⱦһζ

˳Ž˼ȴͬ˼, ϸɸɾʲôζ

ζͷҲ̧ݸһ˫ӣʾϽ緹

ѱŵȫЩεص㻹氡  

Ҷ˵ҪoǰЩʦ˵ԱҲo档

ۣ

ȻҶôãǳԾͳ԰ѣoζܺã˺ܳʱ䣬һҲ塣

緹֮۰ҪĶúúٳǰԼҶӸɶͷϸӡһǲ뿪

ͯҪĸ˸һԲ˵϶ˡ

ҲѶ²ԷãҪһȥϱ

˷ֱ塢廹ж

Ժ￪ŵ춯ҲӸ˳ͬǴһ£ЦŶ۵߰ɡ

ͬеڵʱиۺļҲһһ߹ۻгϣȻһ˺ƺƵ϶ȥ

֣ضֻϲ

Ǵ˲μԣ˵⣬۸ˮƽӦöᱻ¼ȡ

ԹǸԣԺԣһ·˳Ļٹ꣬ǴͻٶţǶֵýһ¡

֮һȺȥԼõĵطϣȻͬȥ񷿱

Ǳĵһ죬Żṫʱ䣬һǰǳ࣬þḻ㹻άֳȻ˶࣬ȴҡ

һ˿һĶӣֵǡ

ԵĵǼʮϸ񣬲Ҫ¼˵ꡢᣬԼòοĴҪд

ۼ︸ĸͲڣ˵游ĸ游ĸˣԱ춼ҪһЩ

Լ֮ðæļ岮ӡ۾վһߣҲã˶һۺ󣬾ڻᱦĵдϸԵ֡

һͨѾӽ硣

Ⱥ󣬺ͱǸض۵֣ܼǱ£ڵùȥһˣ粻дˡ

δףѾ£Խ֮󣬶ԴȷԼ⣬䲻ܳ棬ȴơ

ۼô˵֪϶Ҫ¡ҽô࣬Ҳúдǵ͵ȥæҹ㡣

á˵ͷʹС뿪ˣߵķһܼڶ౦֣Լҡ

Զ˺۲תͷķӸˣʱҲˣѧλ岮緹ٻȥ

Ϊʦ϶֪Щϳһٷ˵ȫ£ʱȷʵˣôԶϣҲΪ˸۸ΪлԶٷӦõġ

תλ綼пհɣ

пաҲû

ҲûѡֱӾͰ˶ľ¥

¥񷿲ԶкĻƿۺү磬߻żˣ֪ԵĿæЦǰкλ롣

һ˶࣬һĻҪ¡ҳ⣬Ǽĳ壬Ϊû־¥ԵЩн

۱ɴҪһż䡣

Ȼһ뵥Ŀռ䣬ҵɫ˲١

˵ʱʹûԵģһζѼӣһo⣬˶˵ͺá

Ѹٵصһ˺󣬻ͷͿߣһֹ

ΪʲôԵĲ˼˵ͰԴչȥʵʲôû㵽ûȥӡ

ǣҡҡͷһɫղš˸o

oôˣЩ⣬ղ¥µʱ⿴һÿ˵ļ۸oˣԼһ˵Ҳ󣬡˵oԽһ۶ҪԵ㡣

Ҳ׷׸ͣǲԣ۸ų˵Ĵ㡣

ۿһưͳԻı飬ղΪʲôˡ

Լԣϸճo棬԰ֻ¥oָ³

ӦҲһֻСûôסһ˵͵ˡ

һСϸҳһo⣬϶ٳˣǸλ岮һ԰ɡ

̲סҡͷЦŵӺɷ򣬲һoѣôԲأҸʱ򣬾һɱ˶ⶼԸɾ



۱ҲֳԣҪ;ĳɹ㡣

ֻǽҪԼ

Ц£һԲӵoȡõԢ⣬ҸϳԹͺãûҪٵǡ˵Ҿ¥ĲúܲҪһ𳢳źá

Ϊõľ¥ϲٶԲ˵Ҳ˵һƾͶŲ½½

֮ҵעû۸һo顣

۳û˿ߵʱ͵͵ʹ˸ɫԺѧŵ㡣

ٷȻûûϾƣΪ˹๻óԣһҲԵ൱ˡ

극ֺ˺˻˵ҪŻȥɻ

۱¥ȥˣȥš

һ档

ۼûˣȿǼգǸʦ˵һ£ԵĶòҪǿԣ÷ĻֶӣӰ췢ӡ

֪ģף첻ѣҪԣûֹ

ͬһۡ

ƹʺͳǮǮһӸȥֻһʮͭ塣

ûʲô󣬾ȫսǮû˿Ǯۡ

үһȥԳΪ׵ļ˾ǰΧߣش෴·ߵ˵ЩҪȥǶȥɡ  

߰ɡӦ£ҲûҪʲô

ȥˣĺӶѾü´󣬵ڻŮӸͼ˸޹ϸ

Щ˼ȻŮӣװˡ
  
 

















71  ʮһ  ζ 




ǽ, һȺƹһֺ󣬴һԻޣ¶֪Ҫĸӵı顣

, ظ̨, ˵ҴЩϸ޲ȥ, Ҫѡ

ȥȥ, 㡣һȺһص, ·ƵƵ档

ڻųʱ, ѾѳҪѶˣҪʱ򲼻ȥۼȻô˵, ǽȥׯһƥϾԼҲϸ޲ģһƥڼҲòϡ

ֻǻؼҵʱ򣬽ƥ, ֵȥ, ôƥ

һʼûŽɽǹ£Ա֮, ˳Էʱ䣬Ҿȥ¥˶ٷ

֪Ҫ˵Ŀ϶֮飬͡šһŶ, ¶һϴı顣

۰Ķŵ, ӽﱧ, ż극ȥ, 岮ȥſڵšҽȥ౦Ǳ, ˵ҪҾ˳˵㡣

۶˵ˣһ˼ʣߵĽʲôʲôˣҲ㿴

㣬˵ſ佱ĻͷȴԼҶ۵һڣżſڿףվɽǰйԼǸŮӡ

ɫһݣԭ۵˫ҲתԼĽż⡣

˻ûȵκηӦŲ鲻ԸƤƳһۣ˵Ͳҳζ𣿡

۵ֱŶӣճһֻڽı£ʧЦҪǵķӦҶֻŮЩ죬벻ǸйԼˣʲôɳζġ

ڡһЦ˳۲һᣬߺߵϵġ
  
ЦûСƵȥȴֻ˿ŽҪҼҷ̫ϻۣͲԲڵζ

̹ϣҲΪ֪Լ˵ûӴûӴҲ⡣

˵ô˼Ůӣһ϶˵ʱһŮӴûй˵һι¶ˡ

ᡣ

ĥȴŮΣתת֪ŮӲʲôгһգԾţб˵ĻҲ㣬͸Һ𣿡

һ壬ϵЦҲյøɸɾָԼߵλõ

˿û⸱ŵЦݲģ°ڣߵ¡  

Ҳ˵ֻСķŲŲ

ģҪѶӸԼӣЩԼŶӡ˼Ҳûô£ʵôˣ

ۿŽ۾ʣɰ𣿡

ȻɰҲ͵ƲȥճǼղ̸֮ǼҳԽԽɰһ۵Сӣÿι⿴žòˡ

Ҳͬɰ˵䣬ܽᣬֿɰķɣгĺӣҳвȻôҪˡ

ôһȦӣΪ仰֮ˣô˵Լ

ԣǲ˵ԼЦЦӦ˵ǣһﶼЩʲô䵣Щܷ飬ȵһܷȡС

̧̧°ͣչӶ˵ˣͯԿ϶ûġ

ҡҡͷûнӻ

ֶȷ̫ˣţڳɼ֮ǰҲҴƱ˵Լһᱻ¼ȡ

ϸ˵ͻһĵ⣬칫ʱ˰ɣǶµһ죿

ʮա۵

ʮСһ䣬ԸǼղҪ̫ˡ

ҲͬƾٿԳѧ֮⣬Ҳһɸѡ·ݵԴ׹󲿷ֵ˵Ǵ͵ʱڵĵطѾǱȽϿϵˣ»ҪаС

ĶȻпȡů̿裬ȴܴа˵Ϊ˷ֹס

в»£㴩ٶ㣬ůЧҲޡ

ֻҪϵͻáüЩЦζεģֻҪѩѩһĻȫõĻᶳš

֪ʲôƤһۣû˵һ㱡졣

֮æϰΣʮʱת۾͹

ʮʽʱ䣬ʮ죬и˳¼˰æҸιԺļԼŽСȥϡ

һҪ峡ÿһʱ䣬춼ܼ棬ڼᵣڿҲᵣĽСڼҹ

һϼƣźȥ㿼ȻҪԣϻסһ

ԭ۸ҪסĲ¥֪󣬾ͼסؼȥ˵пյԺӣҸ¥뿼øǮ徻

ҪҪǮ۸˵ã徻ȴǴ˵Ѩ

ԭҪ䷿䣬ҲϽС۷ֿ˯ϸСι̻򲼵ʱ򣬻ŵϢ

ԼȫϢס¥ҲãջҲգЩ˶ĵطǲԼ徻

Һؼڵ֣סĴңÿֿԵʱڣҶע⣬Ӱ쿼Ϣ

۸һ󣬾Ӧ˺룬ظż졣

һμӿԵͬס˺ظֻǲһԺӡ

һڣǰһССԺӣ䷿˯ˡ

ʮϣʱ۸컹ͳ緹ȥ

ؼڼҵĳ͵ſڣҲͬ˯ݵС۳š

ԼҶ˯ͨСȥ˯ɣϾͻ

áӦţȴ֪СȥţҲ϶˯š

ôؼҵˣҲ˵ֻ̫࣬űƣ§һ½

ʱںҹﱻŴ۸Լڳ˭û˵һ˯ģ

ʱʵ̫ˣǼԣҲʵǴš

Ҳ˯˾ǡ
  
ԼĪһʱ䣬ִ￼ڵĶϽǡ

ϸԵĿǰĴԺŶӵȺ

ŵһԺӣѾϿͿ˼˸谵Ӹ߸ĵйճӰӰ´µӰ

ѡ˸ĵطţʱһͰŵĴ멶С˶ֻŹ涨ĵѽŶӵȵһ

 














  
72  ʮ    



볡ʱ, ÿʮˣعٽеʱſ볡

볡, ŶӾۺͺǰ, еֵʱ, ϰԵĻͷһ, ҲСȵضͷ, ſ˿

ȥ֮, űֵ˺졣

һ볡ģȥʱ, ԺѾûʣˡ

ǽŶͣعٵĵ֮⣬˵ҪĶ, Ҷ졣

ַΧ, Ҳʶ˽Ų

߸ߵźԺľ±һš

Ժżźֽ, ټһԺյ磬ԷѲ鿼ȫ

ߵȺߣѿԷһһ԰µ´⿪, Ѳ顣

Ϻ, վȺĿ, ˶һ𳯿

ʱҲѾһ볡, йԱſڳеֵĿýӾ, Ϊȷû󣬾´ΪԼ

ۼǴԽǰ߿ҲûôӵĿǰ顣

ҵλʱѾ¶ǰס

۰ʮ꿼ԵϰߣȰһӦϢú󣬲ſʼ鿴Ŀ

һ쿼ΪֻƪʫһףĿԱȽϼ򵥣˵¼ȡҲȽϿɣһͨ˳߾Ϳȡ

ˣҲԴ൱档

ʱһ죬ۿĿ󣬲ûڿ𣬶óõֽȰѴдڲݸֽϣȫܵȥ

ʱʱǹ÷ɿ죬ۻعʱѾӰбҴææ˵㶫ϢƬְ̣ѲݸдĶ飬ϸдȥ

֮ʱ磬۾ͷſ˼άҲûȥѾõĿΪƾٿдú󼴱ģҲܻдҲһš벻粻飬ֲⷢĵطӰ濼Եľ

ɫʱ򣬿㿪ʼ򿼳Լδ꣬Ҳټ

۽ʱڱȽϺ棬ʱһ

ȥҵͷŵС

С񿴵Ҳæӵ๫ӿ쵽ϢɣȲģɸ׼ĴҲͷ

۰˰ֵԼͺã濴ſڣ±ҹӺҲط

áСͷӦ£תվǰŽ

۲£ҵԼĴ멹ϡ

ڿһ춼վ߶һ£ֻż£Ҳֽűġ

ŴֵһȲȥ۲Ÿоů

ʱŵƺйɵζԣȴýһľ񶼷˲١

ϸζǴɢģС⺰ү

ǲο棬ֻкӿˣæ뿴״̬Ρ

ãֻǿЩƣ۰ˡ

۵ߵԶĵطǸ멶ȥС

Сӵæȥϡ

ҲȲ裬Ⱥһů֡

쿴˵ķӦ˽ϵĴ멣ʧЦҾе۶ѣǲҪôŵġ

ǽŰЦŵǲɵţҸղһҲæѴˡ

˵ָСϵĲ豭ȲҶȹһյˡ

û˵ʲôչһˣҲ۶¡

ΪѾڿһԵʣۼðɵ̱λϣҲѵøŷˣϰϣҲȥš

ܹҪͿλֳü⣬˵Ǻһ̬̱

ѾȴͬҪö࣬ҲŻȥڿŵλã˸š
  
裬۰ļаݸ
  
ӹҲǹؾصشϣȻл

۵һʵոôżܹʲô𣿡

ȻҲŻϢûܵġ

Ӧ˵ȫô࿼û˭һ

ˣôһʣ¶ı飬ҲûʲôλֳǷʣµĳʳ

֪ɺϻĶˣ˵꣬Ӿϵķһ졣

۸һۣ˾һ㶡

ЦŰСĵƵǰȳһЩӰɣȥĸ϶׼ĳʳʱٳЩ

ĶˣҲûл˺üġ

ۿڳԶĶѵÿʼɣԼǲѾ˾õ䡣

ֱ˼ĺֱӾ͵ڳ˯ˣʰš

ʻغؼſʱ̫̫һȺſڵš

һ̫̫ǰźǲˡ

Աߺĸ׿ԼҶӵɫתȥʸոС˯Ƭ̵

ҲСӭΪڣھۻһԶĵطͣ˽Ų

ȴ˼ôֱ࣬ȥСһ§һȥС

ȴûз֣һ죬ɡ

౧еġɼ֡

֮ͱųһֱߵƫȺ̫̫ó˰ѷ°С

ؼҸǵ׼óֲ׻ʳ극ҲûԵ飬Ϣһʳ͸Իסĵط

һסԺӾںԱߣסںԺ·һ·

صסĵطֻһڣϴ꣬㵽˳˯ʱ䣬۾ͱŶɴϺ˯

֪ԼҶһܹԣ˯ǰ޲ֵģֻƬ̾˯ţҲûۣԼȥĶ

ܴȥĶ٣궥Ҳͻһյʱ䡣

ٵĶϣְȡĴս¹˼
  
ðѬѬһ۴ӿſ滺񣬵ȥԵʱͲˡ

Ū֮ٻصߵʱͼԼҺ˯ķѾԼ˯ţδйĴСࡣ

Ķӣ˫۾һ⣬һǣȱ֮ǰҪˡ

ûסЦ£ǰȥԼҷǺñӣڴرߣŶӵ٣˯

γܿ˯ˡ

ֵ˻ȷ϶˯֮󣬲űȥ˸ڡ

죬Բſꡣ

ڿڶʱ򣬵һĳɼѾֻǰʮλţδ

ؼеƺԳɼ¶ģÿͺȥԣϵҪ׼ʲôԵġ

Ӱ죬뵽֪ǰΣÿӰľҲɴûȥ

ֱһɼǰ˶ȫ֪Լǰ漸Ρ

 



















73  ʮ   




Զʮտ, ʮտ꣬ĩʱڶڶ¶ʮա

ۿڶʹŽС˼

֮գһھʹԼһСԺ, Ķûȥ, ʳﶼ, ԺǸС߲Ҳ㹻ǳԵġ

˲֪Ǳԭ, ҲûǼʶ, ˳¼Ҽżתת֮, ˡ

ڳ¼ˣԼ˵Ļ, Ǹἰйص顣

ʱתۼʮ磬ִŽȥϡֻûסظסǰõǼҲ¥

ȥϵ;, ۱ų, ųϺȵ̣ҪõĶ

ԼŶ·, ￴ͬͥŲһ㣬ûס¸йص, ¼ȡοв²⣿

б˽һ, ſĶ, ЦŵһΪһֱŲء

һⲻϾҪô, Һһ·²Ľ᲻Գɼһ𣿡

, ЦӦ£ֻǽŻһתʵͲû¼ȡ𣿡

̧̧°ͣҲ˵ŷѧʣҶԷ˽⣬ǾԼûã⼸ܹôڣ

ۡЦ˼һָСһץһץĳ棬ŵزμԵ䲻˶ʶѧֻҪ̫ģҲڸֳӴٽĿѶȡ

˵ͣһ£ּĻӦǰˡСѧʲӦʮҡ

̧ۿۣﾡΣ˵ô࣬û˵Լġ

ҵĻۻǰʮӦȵİɡ

͵ۣԼķ˽ⲻǰʽķѧϰ֮ǰȻдòҲдҵĻѧ˵һͿҲΪǶȱġ顷ҷȫ

Ȼ֪Լҷж̿࣬Ҳʱѡ

ͽǰʮбͨ¼ȡҪߵҫ»òٶĽǼʡ

ûǰǸ߻ʱ򣬿˾μӵʸûС

תһ룬ǰʮʱֹڳǰţҲޡ

ۿŽıʼ𾪻Ϊǣ֪뵽ʲôڰϲ棬ôò˵ǲ

ȻǣҲصǾá̫ˡ˵仰ʱ򣬽˿ŵĳ

۹̾˿һΪɲŵĻǿԴء

Ǳ飬֪ڴʲô⣬Ҳһرϧı飬ǿźء

˵˵ЦЦҲڣܿ͵ϡ

֪Сڲ¥š

۸һ̤¥ţƾǰع¥żϷҲѾԸǸãʶλȥͷȥż䡣

Ȼ·Ͼ˯ˣǻһõĶҲû͵ȥͷѶ°ɡ

Ҹ·ЦӦ£Ҳû˵ʲô

۸Ѷȫŵָӻ˸򲼣ٳʱ򣬻Ծš

أż䶼ڶ¥ʵֻҪĸλãԼҵ

һֱżſڣɻưæţż˺۲֪ΪνƸ顣

Ϊ˺С֮⣬Ҳš

ϵԽԽȻͶ֪һЩܼҵ顣

ǸȴܼΨһһӣܼﳤĳ谮ĲҵҲһЩ˵ǳ¥ڹˡ

ЩؼңЩŵĲҵҲΪ޸

˻ʹյߣ̲ס˯ֱݵĳ

ʵϲ͸ɴѳš

ۼ״켷˼üǣʲôҪ˵𣿡

ȷʵһҪ˵ѵ¶һ㲻˼ı顣

۱һʣû뵽Ȼ£ֱʣ£

쿴Ա߱ųЦŵǳ׵Ӷˣ¸¶ʮա

ϲӵ

Ǳ߽ҲСظϲ  

ǷһĥͶµӹǺؼҸܼҳͶ˵ģֻȺԿ˲Ÿ

ϾĻ¶¶ˣ׼Ķ˫ĸ϶׼á

һֱûףһʼڵꡣ󣬹ƾǵԵĳɼˡ

۱ȽøһЩؼ飬ϾǷʱˡؼҪǰ֪Լûб¼ȡΣͼĿ϶⡣

ûй֮ǰҲ˵ֳֻһϲ

׵ӶˣҾڲһ֮м棬ҲԵĳɼ뷽跨һζѡ

ϣǶĬؽһڳԷɣһڲ¥һ

һ꣬˾͸ˣɺؼҡ

ҲŶӻط䣬¥˲˲¥Ĵţ̲סҡͷЦģĺһʼȻ˼ܹ׵£˵Ǹš

¥ߵ¥еխ۱ųûвһߡô˵䲻²۵㵱Ҳֻҽסң

죬˵ԼһʼҲֻסҪ˵Ļȥ

۸Ķûȥرųɴ˯

ֻǲ֪ס¥ϰߵԭ򣬻Եڶ췢վЩǣ۸һ϶ûô˯š

ǳ˯øСƵģڼﻹһΡ

îʱһ۾׼ʱ𴲡ҲƱ

ü˵ųڲ¥ţҾ㡣  

һϣҪһȥһߴһߵպعӲ˵ˣȻҪȥôʱ˶࣬Ҿʹųϵš

ۿƣֹ֪ҲûʲôãͷӦ£ҲС

˴Ҵϴ꣬ų¥ſڵʱ򣬺Ѿڵˡ

Ӳ¥ǰĴԺһһʱ䡣

˵ʱ򣬻îʱԺѾвڵš

ʱ䶨ڳʱ֧ԳҲԢŹ˼

磬볽ʱнʱ䣬Ͷš

ֻССȦȦ󣬾ӵүȥǰš

ȥȥɡʧЦ

ҲˣιˮԶȤأûȥС

һֱȽӽʱһųεľԺǰľһסҪΡ

ԭɢڴԺȴɼ״Ҳͬ鳲һ볯Ǵӿȥ

ҲѳȻһ  

ʱһߵĴڣءعסĺ

ȺＷ۸һۺĬͣ˽Ų

ûȴһǰѾǿɼ

ССӳͷ˳˷ܵܵǰɢҵͷ˵·صҿˣүذס

أʡ

ҲˣС 



















74  ʮ  Ҳ֪ǫһ 





һ, űٶתȥ

춼ûӦЦתͷʵ֪θԼԤϵĿв

ֶû˵ԭվߵ, Ӱ, Ψܶʱһ΢硣

, תͷԱߵС, ֵֿ̯ǡ

๫Ӳһ𣿡СЦЦ, 뵽ʲô, ȻղҴǱȺʱ, 񿴵ܹӵ

ĸλãɫһݣĴ

һȦ֮δϤˣתͷҪѯС

ͼСͷ, ƲסϸϸЦ

ĻСǹƭ, Ҳһ¶ıүҶƭ, СĻȥɨǡ

үԼһᵽܹӾ˼СͷԼܹӻȥ, ѵûԼýҪҪһ𣿡

ѵ¶ߵı顣СҲþ, ٵ٩Լү
  
˵, ܵԱߵʱ򣬽ѾųҪ, æֹ䣬Ű, СѾΡ

һ٣ųάŴӵĶûҲû˻ȥʣڼ

ߡҲû顣

ϲصɴ˫ۣǰۣųҪͬʱ̫̾ˡ

ۿ⶯Ļ˵ʲô佱佱ģæѶӽ˹ֿճһֻȥε˵˱

۷ĶԼڣͿߣԴ۵ļϣȴ˷ܵصⲻ̫𣿡

ۿӵȴ˿ģҡͷʧЦűһֱųһְѽ

һڲ֪˶ãֱǱߴĺ͵ػع۵ĻɫЩ̫ÿʣǣ

ҲɫӦĿ

Ӷ𣬳ɢ˲ٷ˼յ֪ʱϲá

ֵ˻СǿûһˣҲ˹ͬյ֪ʱ֡

֪ǱЩֵûЩĵصȻɢˣȥһ³ɺã

˵ЩǸεؿСһۣϾ༷Ⱥ￴εСٿһΣС˵˵ĳ̶ֳȵĲΡ

СܱؼѡͯȻȱٻʣԾЦŵүذף๫ǵҲǰʮôõĳɼ࿴ȷʵʧ

˵תͷ졣

ҲЦŵȻ뿴öԡ

Է飬ιĵһ죬ǰȺɢʱ򣬶ǵȲμӿԵɼ뿪΢һѡ

ǵ˿һʱ䣬Χ۵Ⱥûмٵƣȥľ¥˸緹

ٻʱ򣬳ǰֻʣϡϡʮˡ

ۼ̫ӵˣɴ౧ų˹ȥ

εĹϣұߵռһеģǺ֡

һҲϤġ

߸дص֡

ԼֵͬʱҲ߸Լֵֻ

֪С񲻻ῴ֪ΪʲôԼۿεһ̣һ޷˵ļ

Ҳһתͷʱ򣬾ͼǺЦֱĿŹƺ۾᲻գ

ҲûȥֻתͷԱߵĺ죬͵ܿҪȥԵĳɼܹӣ

ãĽԼ˼±֮ǰǲ˾Ѿˡ

֮ǣ϶֪ذס

ԭһֱų۵ڿȴعͷͬصҾ㻹ȥ֪һȽϺá

Ѿ֪𣿡첻

Լģȥģ岻һ

һ£ûнӻּпܵĻ׿ڸ͸ˡ

촹˼Ƭ̧̣ͷһʱǸ⣬롭

¶һҶЦݣ˰ֵȥɣԼȥͺá

СҴ뿪۸ڳǰͣһֱűʾˣ뿪סĲ¥

¥ƹƣ֪ӺεõϢ۸һţء

˼֮۸͸סǮȥһЩõĶǹģȻſǻش塣

ڴͣ£ѾõϢСȫӵ˵ŵϲĻ

Ǯ󣬾ͱ۰ѸĵǹָСǳԡ

ɢʳСǲõһߣĴҲϲ

ڸСӲͬǵϲ۲Ҫٷʳʲôģֻϻ͹ˡҲ˲ٵĴࡣ

ΧȻȥû𣿵ϲҲ١

ۿԼҿĵӹµµֱתĶӣʵҲҪ޵ļ󡣲˵ĻȷʵҪģӦеȻȥι˳ٰлλϸġ

ΧϲŵǣǰлҪ

ŮҲ˵ɱźˡ

һҿߵ¼ſڵʱ򣬾Ϳ¼š

߽Ӿ͵ǷҪģǾûȥڽˡ

Ҫôҡͷ˵ˣЩ岮ӰһһģҸͷˡ

·ᡮһһ۵ļϣҪ鶼ûء

֪˵⻰ֻǵ٩ҲЦոΪʲô߲ȥڽǣ

·ƿԣ˻ڨڨصС治Ϣʱ򣬴в˾°͡

ЦЦûӴҾ°͵¡

һתͷԱߵĳ´ЩҪл񣬴Ӱҿûвʲô

´һϸ˵Ŀ϶д

ô˵¼һ˻Ǹ۸ǵԺӡ

ΪҪлȥ⣬ϰף绹һٷʱˣִźӣ϶æ

ٰлŶȥڼ׼õķˡ  

۵ҵʱѾ鷿š

ۿţŰ͵ϲ۸硣

ͬϲЦŵ

ٺ١Цһȥ鷿

ȻβۣĳɼѾԤҪãǰʮСġ

λʱүүѾˡ

鷿л˵лĻ󣬾ֵ˵ѵٵĻˡ

ָָλã۸£ʣǶ˶Դ˴εʲô뷨

֪϶˵ˣԤ֮еĳɼ

Ҳ֪ǫһ¡ʧЦҲûֵ˼һּɼȷʵԤ֮еģܿʮǷӵò

ûסЦ
  
ָ˿棬ҲֻǸʼѣȻչܽǰʮģԼᱻ¼ȡҲûй⣬֮£Ƕ˻Ҫ佾꣬Ŭϰӭµĸԡ 















75  ʮ   






ѧʡáӦµͬʱ, ҲͷӦ̬ȱ۸ӳϿңϾܳ, »ؿɲһˡ

ûʲô˵, Ƕοö, ˵ŴӰóī, ֱƵ۸ǰ, ˷ǸǵĽ, ԸǸ˳¼ȡ

˲ٵıīֽһ۾Ϳ͵ⷽī, ƽʱдֱֵȽϱ˵ġϱԥһ£ɵ̫ˡ

ѧȡúõĳɼҲͬй, Цŵ, ˵ˣƽʱͶʱ, ƷΧģҲûܾ  
  
˵⻰ʱѾû֮ǰ̵ǹлҳһ

Ź˫Ƿī, Цŵл, ѧ

Լүү͵Ķ, ôˣɿصл, īϲ̵صҪúȸԵʱȥá

˵һЩ, ۼʱ䲻ˣѧķӦðˣƲȥһ÷

áϲӦ£ΪһͳԷûĶǱԼѧ¼ȡлʦֵýοˡ

۸ߣߵſˣûɻػͷͿССĥĥӱ߲Ը⶯

ü٩ǲԸȥҼҳԷ𣿡

ǲǣ񶨣ЩΪصǵȻȥֻĳǡ

Ȼû˵岮ҲǹŻӵѯʡ⻹ǴˣӦԺ·Ҫôߣ

ȥˡС죬ȳŵʱ򣬲֪ǹ⻹ʵ̲סСģֻ˵ԺҾ㿼ȡõĳɼ϶ҲĴһҵ  

ûסڡһЦٻͷȥͼ죬ӣôЩ￴Ļȷʵһ¡

ȴùۼȥʱҡ˶ͦñƽʱҪֱһЩ

ٸл磬۲˴Ƚϸߵļ

ҲڳӼ˵İæ£ѸŪһʢʳ

ٷ꣬Ե㳹׹ȥˡ

ҲȫͶѧϰȥϾԵȻɼ㲻Եʱ򣬿ɲֹһصĿμӣʱ

Ǹãʲôʱ÷ĵطл˶࣬ҪȡúóɼԼΨһİ취

۹ﻹŵ˸һ쿪ʤ֮ѧϰҲжˡ

ѧϰʱǹ÷ɿ죬ת۱㵽¶ʮһ졣

ѧϰٽţڶǺ׵ˣۻǳʱ䣬ǰһųȥϡ

ؼϼңܼҲ̣Ҳ˵ϣڸǣҲһָģǶ˵ĻȻܴӼ

ֻǺĺѣǰϲӦǵȵڶٹȥŶԡ

ֻǲǺ죬СϲòУ˺˵˵ôҪȥͯ۸ס˺ؼլ

¶Ҳ࣬Ե˺ؼҺ󣬽ʹųڰŸסԺûгȥȥæһЩ顣

һֱæҹæصסĵطѾ˯һι

ŽĶעȥҲιߵˣۿһ󣬾ѽѽ֡

۰źæ۵̫˵ˣĶָоǱעԾ߼ѳڳ۵Ķͷžߴ£Цʣ縸ײڣǳûкúĻ

ϧʵ̫С˵ʲôȥ֮󣬲ŷԼһֱڳԵĶûˣһתҪҵǸкóԵĶ

æҨһ͹ȥų꣬Цŵʱʲôʣ޲ұת顣ֻ˯ǰǻ˸طһ˯š

Щɻ󣬡֮ǰԵʱҲסգʵʵ𣿡

ʧЦʱҲ֪Ҫμӿԣڰɡ

ųҡҡЦŵԭǳ֪

һҲΪоûš

ЦЦؿ˽һۣҲûĻֻȳԱ󣬾ͰѶӷŵϣȻԼٶϴ꣬ɳԱȥţĳһ߿ŵĵطڸˣĵǲҲҪŲУ

бһۣû˵Ҳϴ

н˵Ǹԭи׸ţϤϢΧţһҲû֣ܿ˯ˡ

컹ҪȥףԵȳһ˯ţæϢ

ڶС𴲵ʱΣھл񣬲ȴ֮ǰٰǴΣԽ֮ǰʽ

ʻĴӵ£źɫװͬɫװȴǳÿŲۡ

˾ǵ£ߵ˽ָĻڡ

ĻϲشӶͳһӣ򿪺ҪȥĽָͼԭŵĽָ֪ȥȡ֮һ㷢

öͷ϶һϸæȥ£ȷǲô˺ӡ

˸ӳֻǴһԾɲǽָһСС׹

ۼöҪˣͻȻˡ죬͵شССϾ͹ȥδƽ

ʱҲˣһСڴûֹȥ£ҪϽȥ𣿡

ȥ֮ǰһҪ͸㡣ѿڵ

ûͷûԵһŪЩ£ʣ𣿡

ˡһ𴲡

ȴ׵ϴ߻شߵղ˵Ҫ㶫ģΡ

ҵšЦŵ

뿪֮󣬽ڴһ𴲡

Ȼ֪ҪʲôҲԼĪܹµΪʲôͻȻҪ

޷ǿĻ¡أȻӰľ˯ʱεЩʲôˡ

ֻǶôʱ䣬ˣôЩ

ڵʱ£ģѾõˡ

˼£оģҲֹһĨЦݣڳһ£Ҳûб㸸׸õˡ

˵ϴºʱˣְѳŪ

źؼҵ˾Ҫȵ̣иϴˮոµĴɫ١

Ϊͯ𴲣ܵһĴ˽ź󣬸һܵμӻеھΧۡ 

















76  ʮ  ǰ  





۸֪ԼҶӾʲô, Ⱥؼұɢòʱſų·

ûӣæӭȥ˶, 

û˵, ֻ¶һЩֵЦݡۿ, Ͱѳݹȥ

һˣڵ, ֻЩ׽ǸЩֵЦΪʲô

ͷֿۻĶ, ˯С˵, 

ûУҡҡͷ, 缸ûô

ۣ
㲻ǳȾóиʲôֵĶ

һֱųһѶ˳

۵ССķεĺֽһȴĴָ΢һЩ, ЩĶ

ӹ˵, Ѿһֶˡ

һ˼žô, ̲ס˯г˼ҵ̶̽ޣǼҳвè𣿡

̽׸вè˵ÿɷֻǿȥ󳿳, æֹ, Ѿ˺öˡ

ۣ

ЩС, ԼҶ

***
컹Ҫؼңִų, ϶ߣ۸ȥ޵ĵطö, ȥǡ

Ҳպ۳ţСҲûʲôˣֻȥɡ

ԼұףսȻҲڣŵСһֱߣܻЩҪȥģȥ֣ȥء

ۿЦãôԶľ룬߻ȥˡ

ǿʹãսҡҡӵе߻ȥûʲôɱСˡ  

ˣ⻰ʲôӻͳҷŵϣ͸ġ

ģһװźö

Ա߿Ų΢΢üĸѾˡ

ⲻǸͯĺЩ˼ǰҸ

սһ֡ŴȤȻǸģ°ɡ

۸һۣںڴĿ£ǰѶ
  
ֻǻȥûСսͣսͯСǻȥ

·°ѳһ·СɰϺƵҵʱ򣬳Ҳ˯ˡ

۸ȵиӦһ㣬Ա߻Ҳ֣ʪӿ˫ס

ۼ״һæĶѶӱ򲼣ȷû֮󣬲ôˣѵ֪Ǯ

ôСô֪ô࣬ʧЦӦǶˣпһֱЩСű棬ڼҲûʲô

㶣ȻûסЦȿбĿ󣬾֤ģ׬ǮԲỨÿһĶš

ҡҡͷûԼҶŶˣķתȥܾûԶ˵Ķӵ׷ۺ

Ķˣʱ򣬿Լҷʢ¿ˮأԵر𻶡

Ȼ׷ۺʼι󣬸һС룬ƽʱҪԵöࡣ

Ա֮󣬳Ҳָ˾ʼһŤһŤţۺͽ档

͵Щɢ鶫Ҳ඼ˣ۱ɣҳ·ӣЩȫװȥȳˣȫ

ʰһ٣ղŵĻǵģ

ȻǼٵģЦŵڿʼСǾͶˣǮǻ䷽棬һֲƸ

һԼСʱʧ˵Щİ֮⻰ȷʵеͷӦ˵öԡ

жװ󣬾ֻʣºǸˣһ£ŻҵĴ

Դ￴һۣҵĵײĶģԵصݵǰ

Ө޳ŵͬӨ󣬱̵ɫ˼֮ϲ

ֻһۣŪĶͣŵ⡭

̫Щδ˵Ļ롣һûۼ˵ʵҪô죿

ҪͶʱ˵˼Ƿġ

ʵһ壬۲ܼҳСǲ͵Ǽ˵عҲһһĿˡ

Űɡͷûˣ˻ȥĻ϶Ӱ۸֮顣

Զֵкӵʱ׼һݹЩﻹȥ

㰲ŵȻ⡣ۿŽ

һ۾Ҫʼ׼ȥˡ

ϵǣս˵ٶȣܵ

ôԶľ룬꣬ǲãҲͬȥ

ֻڼҡ

Դʶ⻹۸һҪֿôʱ䣬˵ˣԼҲǺ᲻á

ӶգԵʱʮգһʹˣ·ϿԲôżǵ˸ǺۼҲϢգ״̬ȥսԡ

ǰЩӣͿʼҪĶ

ҪЬ࣬Ҫıį̄·ϳԵĶҪģһҪǮ

Ǽ꣬ҶǮ⣬Ļ͵ׯƷ׬ǮۻѾһǳɹ۵

ԿѼǮȫļƣͬʱЩЦôӸͭ壬ҹÿ챳žҪٵɣ  

ǵ٩˵Цȴ棬ǡҪȥ϶Ʊ

۴ӣŵһߵٴͭ͹ˡ

ô

ۣȥμӸԣһ¾ֲܻȥɽˮ̫Ҳ׸

˵꿴ǲģֵܼҲкܶҵڸڣҪǮˣ϶ܽõȻٻǣܱȴ̫Ǯϣ˿Ҫá

ôһ˵Ҳе㲻˵ǮֻӵԷŰ֮󣬲ûб¼ȡҪ𣿡

⻹˵һüëڼңҪΪǸƹҲŲԸ뿪ء

ҲЦˣ۾гһ״

붼û룬ģʶӻͳǰղŶõĶݵǰ֮ǰ˵ȥ֮ǰҪ͸㡣

ָ

ۡšһ

ԵڣԼָһ˫ЦŵǷӸǻǲҪΣϧǶòš

ۣҪҪĻҲŲǡ

 
















77  ʮ    






Ѿܳʱ׼, 浽죬ۻڴĥöԸߡ

˼ȥǻϡ
  
۵ȻҲ, ǵ͵ϵĻ, Ȼܸһ, ֮һ˴ųٻش, ϶ѹ, ͹Ͼܾ顣

ڴھͷֿ, ˺󣬴ǳ´, һǻȥҽ˵ģ༸죬ҲܼһЩĸˡ

뵽ܶýôѹķȴû뵽˳ϡ

֪СǷܸоԭ, һɲôֵĳ, ڴҪʱͻȻ۴, Сֻץ۵½Ըſ

һȥǲμӸԣﲻٵǰС龰΢һЩĸǾæ᲻øװ

˵ʵڵģԼ, Ķ, ޵, Ҳžæһ߻߶, һ߱ųź塣

ﻹ߶߶˵Żײڼ, ҪԹԵİ

ֺ˽һյʱ䣬ǿˣһһ˯ˡ

۲ذֻ˲СֹһºɻҪǵ㸸װ

ͷ۶ӣʧЦÿն˵϶ˡ

ۡšһΧ˶࣬Ҳ̫ܵĶֻĿ˽һ૰㶣һ

á֣Ӧ¡

Уֵչ˺Լ

طֱ꣬ǱҲˡ
  
˵۵ʦϾʹˣһͬԶţǼһһٵģǲġ

Լ֮Ѿ˵üأʱԲܵǰչһЩ

ꥡĳϤľɫһ·ˣǰ

۰Դ쵽棬ŴеһСֱתһ䣬ʲôҲ

ΪڼҾѾҪ׼ĶˣԵϺۼҲûֻͣҪȥμӸԵǻϣһ·Ƕȥ

Ÿ·˯ҿջס⣬ʱȫϣҲģ۵òС

۸ֺõûʲôʹˣӵڶ쿪ʼ˾ģɫҲǺܺá

ͬеУҲһЩ΢һЩģͣظ·˵Ҳһĥһɴٶȣǳ磬ʱ䡣

·̣ŵ

Ȼ໨һЩʱ·ϣȴͼӰģǵʱһ˾ͷ죬ҲֻЩƣۡ

˸ǵţһ˸ȥʹ˷ֿ

ȻڸǶսӡ

ԼõĿջſڼ˺սһһֱֵȶȣˣ죬Ϊ

û˵˶֪ʲô˼

촽һμӸԵһģʲô顣

塭սźԵӣĵʵ

ûʲô󰭣·Щˡ

սԼұ֪أ岻ʣʱŲ˵ֻˣŵһľȫ

һֱԱߵĵƹô˵Ҳܲ˵ǷʣǰһջԺѾʰˣүҪھҪȥϢ

ͳƹˣ⼸Ҫסһģ֪طǷ񹻣

СͷԸ˵мҪһǰƹЦŻصܷģһͰ׵

סܼҿĿջһֶڰţ϶֪ôԸȥģȷûʲô֮󣬾ڳƹĴ£һȫס˺Ժ

ܼҲȷʵܳ裬Ѿˣȥ飬ԶڸǵģҲ׵

ƹһǰ·һ߽ܵǿջٽԺʱסĶΪμӸԵ˲ǳŻѣǴڷ飬徻

΢΢ס

ƹЦ£ּүסԺ棬ǰû߿ͷ˳֣Ҳᴫȥ

鷳ƹˡ

ƹæⶼӦġ

˵Ż㵽˰źԺӣĺԺʽķӣԺмĿյؾвСʱǰٻŵʱԺʻޣúò֡

ס˵ķҲ࣬˵һˣٷҲܹס¡

ʱ򣬺ΪܼҵĹү׼ԺӣȻסݣס˶᷿ס᷿

º󣬳ƹڵʣȳԶˮϴ

⼸죬סջˮʲôҲ﷽㣬һ·糾ܹʱȻѡϴ

ƹõԸ󣬾͵ɣ˰ˮ͹ԵҲȥ׼ȴϴ˾ͿԳԡ

ϴԷЪ֮ۼ˱㿪ʼŽҪ顣

ڸǳս֮⣬һ˶ʶʼҴϰ칦Σĳ̰ɡ

ƾٱֻΪ˹ֲ٣һʼûҪſǰʱʶĶˡ

˵һ㣬Լѧʶδ¼ȡڽʶٶҲȻ

ҲǱͬ뷨ŵȿ֮ٽܼѸʶ

͸˵ˣʮһʱѾ˳ȥǺؼҵˣҪȥύˣֻб˰Ҫύǡ

Լ󣬽һġ

ڿǰʱ䣬úϰϰΡ
  
ԵǰգսѧҲ˼٣Ͱᵽ˺ԱסţΪȵͷۼһѧʡ

ȻߴߴЩ֣ѧû˵ҿһأвٵľԷǡ

ڿǰվͿʼϰ˯£ڶʱ𴲣Ľ顣

Ա볡ʱ仹Ҫ磬ÿîʱһ̣ԺͿÿŶӽܼ顣

ǰϰ˼ʱ𴲵ϢʮԺʱһڻŵĿԵøľȡ

ֻһڶģۡ

˵ԻѶȴҪ١

һڶʵãҪǵĲۣѶȷͬնʱҲ졣

ҪڹԺһҹ

ڼޱһӦҹƷȻпṩÿֻһŶ첻ֱĺӿ˯˵λòõĻѷŹͰĽ䣬ᱻѬ˵ĳζΧ

ûֵط

ˣһۿ꣬ӹԺʱСǷ˸ȣΪһֱֱֽţҲܵýĺ죬Ȼûʲô񣬵Ҳûʲô󰭡

Σվǿˡ

 

















78  ʮ    




  
ӹԺ, ǰı˼ȦؽڽӲЩ

߰ĶһʼǻĪ, ˷Ӧʲô, Ҳ˲ö, һ

ǽδڵɫ, ԺſһȺȺħģ, ͻȻ, ָһ

գ۾һЩ, ͸ָСϳסĵط

ʻһ·սŴӴԴջֹȻһˡ

ȴһЩ, ʼ, ںŷʱ䣬ôֻϽӲ, ֻҶŶ˵󣬲Ը̫Ķˡڿ˴ͷŶſֽš

˵˿ڽһۣ˱ˮݹȥ, ȱȲ, Ȱ׿ˮ

ӹ, ˹ˡһ꣬ѱӷŻС, ֳ۵˵ͷе, ҸоǺأ˯һӦþܺá

ɣǻȥԵ㶫ϴһ¾͸Ͻ˯£Цŵ˯ʲôʱ𴲾˯ʲôʱ򡣡

Իһ£ЦŵС۸Ҫ˵үү

İɣүүｻҾС

áصͷĬһҶööû˯ˡ

⻰һ˵ڣڵļȫɡ

죬սŵҶ˯þ˯ãҵ긮Կ󣬿˯ʮʱѡ

ʮʱ
  
ۣ¶ȵı顣

ҲûסʵԽ˯ʮʱԺأ

ս±Ǽ⣬Щ˼صȻǱá

˵Żܿ͵סĿջ

ƹ׼ϴõˮԼ嵭ķˣһԴ˹ȥ

Ҳȷʵˣϴ˵󣬾͸ԻطϢ

֪Լδѹ۸µʱ˯̹콫ʱȴΡ

֪ΪʲôڹԺμӿԣǼ俼ȴûбīôѲĹԱû˴

󣬲ſѾ졣

ѾùֱĶ÷ˮ΢ϴ󣬴ʳ

ţͿսضڻԱߣһֱֵȱϣŵ治֪ڿЩʲô

ۿŵĶһ٣ʶѶŵᣬżߵ󣬡ʲô

սৡһȥȣѸٴ򿪵ǰҡ

Ƴһ۵ϣŵǡϣ

İսǶֲԼһ˳ȥ棬ֻš

һ˳ȥ棿

ǰսƲƲʱһǷģĸҳȥ
  
׸ղ˼ˣ㹰ֵлˡ˵ῴһۣʵҲû𣿡

ˣս˵ѾˣԼ˼棬Ͼͳȥˡ

۵˵ͷȻˣսָͬסݣϣȻҲ¡

ۿչ⣬룬ʱҲˣȥ緹

Уսϵ극ٻ

˵ջõʱ򣬵ƹ񿴵æӭ๫ˣʲôԸһ˸ͽȥͺá

ԾͺáӦ

֮ǰѡںԺҪΪ徻ϰΣڶˣȻҪٹô࣬ԷӴЩҲǺ¡

˲ڴ£˶ûһһߵǰսǴӱ˵ı֣

սȻ͸ʶɲüҺѡ

Ըо˵ĲϲȻҲֻ˵ԼǺѣֻƤһۣûг

ȴôưոݣбһ˵һѣǰֶʶ˸ͬһٿͯĹ

̧ͷɫ˵һۡ

֣±˲֪ǮһĴŴ磬۶ĵһӡ

ϸ䣬ȷδ϶ϵģҲ֪ôЩϢ

ۻ𴽽ǣûʲôصλ̨»ȥұ鷳ʱҽûǴϢ

㡭һµɴӣǰһۿ

Ҫ侲һЩסñ¼ȡ˶ѣͿʼ⣬ûҪƽϡ

սؿһۣȣ棬Ѵ֮ȫۡ

Цһ£˵μӸԵˣ˭ʮ꺮̨ȴöѣ̨֪ǾʵѧҪΪĸ¼ȡƽ

ӱμӸԵˣٻЩԸҲ϶ΪԱ¼ȡǶԼȥŬѧʶͬ

ȴ˵öѣ㲻˵ԼҲбĸо

ΧһȦȫŭĿ˹

˵ֻǾûˣ⻰϶ᱻ̼

ȴû뵽ۻ⻰ȥһʱ޼û˵

ʵʱҪϴ˵͹ȥˣҪţֻܱǵӡ

ۿǶ˵ķӦҲúȤߵֶʵ̫ˣûӳˮƽء

Ƶ˵Ȼ˵ƾ¼ȡģ˱һΣʱҲû룬ҡͷܾ˵ȣҾҪȣƾʲô

ʱӦ˹Ī˲ɣ

£ǲм۵ѧʶΣǰʱ֪Ѿ֤˴ǡ긮ԣ죬Ȼٴα¼ȡֺڶǰչ¶

˵еۻ˵꣬Ӻ˳˵ѧֶḻ츣գЧ͢ģд趼ԣ˽Ϊһϸµ룬ʥ͡

ӵԾͶһء

첻֪ǲǱۺսȾˣѵ¶һ̵ЦݣҲ֪ôģȻǳԲӦôٲұҲԱ߰Һȥʲô

Ӳˣսֱӣҡӵûֵ;ֺ۸ⲻ֪ڸӣǻ֪м

ʱԾˣս⻰̹˵Ա߿ֵƵƵЦ

ǰȻǳ˼ҺȥģӦҺֱԲ𣿡

ǵͨ죬֪ηӦ

ȴ֪뵽ʲô¶һĨ̵ЦݿźѧٺãҲǸ̰ͼ˰ˡ

 



















79  ʮ  ԷŰ  





Զһ, Զˣֻһʱûнӻ

ۺսԱߣСȵس鶯һ, ۵, , ԼûӦ, Ϊվ, ϶ʡ

սȴͬ, С͸׽֪ΪҪô˵Լұ, ҸԹڼôΧ۵£ôԼ

һգ˲Į, ҲǼ˱Ƶ, 飬ϵ, Ľʿ˲ö٣Ϊߣ޲ơԵʣŵһβμӿƾٿ, һٶذ, ԾΪԶ, ȴԾ̰Ҳ֪̰ӵĸ, ֻ˵̰ҵĸ󲻳ɣ

µˣһһ֮, ŴҲԶ˵ӵĴ±˿ǮȻ෴ϵĳϴЩס

սǾ̰ҵĸһڣԱ߲˶˺Ц

ҲǱߣ˫˲ȭͷɫҲ  

̬Ҳһ˲䣬ܿת˱飬ЦһΪԼҵ˵һͨٶұһȥ̰ʵ𣿡

ս˵ʲôѾعĺʹ˸ɫǵĬ֪ǲðæ˵İʾ

źת濴ӣģӶ˷ģλ̨Ȼ˵̰󣬻ó֤ݱȽϺá

ɲ֤𣿡°͵ڼң̰ĻΪʲôҪȢ˼ܼҵĸ

֮ǰͲµ˹ǸйأͬʱЩЦû뵽˾ȻŴҵֱӾô˵˳

Ȼһû˲࣬Ա󣬾СʣǡǸܼң

ڵõӿ϶صͷ󣬲˿ĿЩˣϾֽᣬĵλվҪŮӵһЩԺؼҵŵڣҪȢŵԵŮӲ£ɺȴƫƫȢ˸ǶǮܼҵˡ

ⲻò뷨

ɫȴ˿δ䣬Цһ£Ǹ̨һ仰ҵݣ̰ͼĻӦȢһĸŮӣ

û뵽ȻôʣһʱЩסܿͷӦһϿҵıףԵŵԵŮΪ

𣿡΢΢ҷʱͬһԺ˴СʶҶĽҲʱ㿪ʼģȴҪΪ̣ҼҳˣͱԼİĽѡŵԵŮӽ𣿡

һ£ʰҲ˵ҸһŮӹƽ𣿡

׹ʿӷҲ˵ԼֻܲԼĵ˳ףĶͬôġ
  
ĻΧ˶¶ı飬׷׵ԭ÷

۲չɫʱӵȻƽã϶ԸһĽ˵ˡ

Щŵ΢һЩģܹҳƵŵԵģ⻰㲻Ծʼ룬Լãôһ

һǾ;ûðš

Ӷ϶ѡȷģǿֱĿģ̲סѿڵұˣΪԭ򣬾ܷĵˣȿȡ˹٣˭ֻ֪᲻Ϊݷ

۸ôһһͣѾѾ˻

ôˣ첢ѾͰݣؿӣѸղԱδĻ˳̸ֻ̨ݣȴ˵飬ĳʵɻۣ㿼ȡԭ㿷ʱȢӣ϶޷ʱŵԣѵҪͣȢ

ɻڴͣȢΪڴ׹δֹȴ˱ģǹԱĻпܻᶪɴñ

ô˵ͼˣ˵˵Щʲô

첻죬صȻ̨Լòܵ飬ΪƫҪĳȥ

Ļ֪ԼǱƽȥˣźû˵

ҲվŲôš

ԱߵǸӣʱڷӦӵ䣬С˵úͦеġ

ģȻ˵е˵һ˦峯ջ˹ȥ

һʱûӦԭء

ǰһʵ乫ǰɣ

֪ңɻ

Ȼ֪ЦЦֻһ㣬˵㲻޸ңҲԲѡ㡣

㣡ӿ˺һۣŭʽӣƬ̺ͬͷҲصسջš

˳ȥˣųΧǹ˹ֵôҿЦˡ

ûûС

źعӾһȻ鴫

Χ׷׻ص

΢һ󣬺ͻصһ¡

ʱҲȻưں÷ȥ۲Цŵ٩û뵽һҲ˵Ļ

˭찢ġںѸܵǰ˵⡣

Ϊ뱻ȥ̸ݵԭ򣬲ۻǺ죬˵ŵúܵ͡

սһֻųԶԼұô˵ͣ¼в˵Ķ¶һ˵ı鿴ź졣

Щڵؼһˣȥ󣬲ŵǰÿ궼ǼΣϵ顣ǰ̸ʱ򣬺͸ղ乫Ӽһأ˾ǲýȥ˵ףͬ⣬ȥһһΣֱҸ¶Űݡ

ԸսһۣʧЦ

ںûֵô֮Ҳû֣һֱԷŰ졣

ڼ䣬ۼ˵˿УսҲʶһЩµѡ

Űգ˱Լһͬȥ

ŰʱǳʱһرԺſڡ

֪ǶԷŵģԩ·խǲŴͿվڲԶһһӰ

Ǿô󣬵ʱ˵ԸԳɼ֤ѧʵĻڲμӿԵ֮䴫飬ǵһͣ£Χ˾Ͷ˹

ֳһ˲䰲š

ʶʲôҲ˹ֻûǰƣֻȴЦƵĿһۣž泯ԺſڣŹԱ¼ȡĳ̧

ûԶţͬ˽ȥ

֪ǲͬ˿ֵģԭӦżԽǰԽõĿǣ⼸ˣ׷׳óһ

һֻ۸˽ȥս档

볽ʱвһյʱ䣬̧˳Ǹһ̣ڣԱҿסĺ

ãںǰ棬һ۾Ϳ˸ʱһұߵĺ֡

һϲԱߵĺ죬ѿڱϲ죬ȡü׵ȵһ
  
ٶһЩĿͣڳϣ۲ͬǰҪζˣŻصͬϲ֣׵ȵڰˡ

 




















80  ڰʮ   






͵ػͷ, ұߵļȻһ۾ͿԼ֡

ֵ棬ǵڰ, ԼȦΪ׵ȵĴΧ

֮ǰԿ, µԼһܽǰʮ, Ϊһؾô, ˴˶, ʲôˮƽҲ, μͬĿԣȻܴԼµԼĳɼ

θȫͬ, ԼصЩ֮⣬˶ʶ˵˼ѧˡ

ϻرƣʵе㱧һ뷨, Ż¸Գɼ֤ѧʵĻ֮ǰսҲ˵, Խǰʮ϶⡣

ȴôҲû뵽շŰ, ȻǼ׵ȣǵڰ  

ʱǵǵڰˣһ, ΪμӸԵΪ¼ȡ, ĳɼ˵ǽҲΪ

۲գ۵ؿǸϤְ, תĿƣȻڵʮλÿ֡

ȷ, תͷԱߵĺĳɼҲ

Ҫ翴֣˵ͷЦŵûܼ, ǿȥɡ

˱Ϊ⼷Ҫѵ㹦򣬽һΧȺȻԱһͬǰŵģЩѾҶԼӦͦˣȻ˿ֵģµǸ˵ǰʮΪõأϽ˼ҸԵĳɼ

ôһ۸Ⱥг󣬵һӦҲȥˡ

ͷܶĿɨһȦû˵Ӱ

սмص˵˼׵ȵһʱ˾뿪ˡ

ۣ

Ϊܵô˵¶Էأû뵽˻ôˣһ˵һֱˡ

Ҳһ뷨鿴Щź

ЩģѹսȻûе㲻Ը񰡡

Ҳս̯֣̫࣬ȥ˭뵽һʱȻô

ˣǳ֪ġ

ʼ磬ԺûʲôȤˣڵĳɼ㹻ˣûɵĻɲٸˣġ

ǻ˸⣬תԱߵҲĳɼˡ

һµɴ˫ۣŵؿ۸죬ֻǲ˵ϵȱֱ˵ΣҲһ¡

ðɣ¡۵

һʣǰʮû

ס

ղסǿںص˳¶һظЦݣǰʮ͹ˡ

ʧЦ˵˳ʮ

ԱǱסһ˲̣ã۵ʣС۸ûƭң

磬ε߼ȥԼ

ҡġͰ͵˵꣬ûסԭر˼£Ȳ֮󣬾۰Ͱ͵ؿ򳤰ķ

ۼҲû뿪ԭشţ΢һЩʱ򣬲ϽԼȥϵ  

ԿκҲƲס飬ڻȥϣѵһƽװصߴߴұΪܽǰʮǶˣû뵽Ȼҵȵ

˵ǡٺٺ١һЦ

ֻ¼ȡʮǰʮΪ׵ȣʮΪҵȣԺһҲԷֿ˵

ԵʮҲ֮ܳΪҵȵ

Цŵ˵ǰʱùõġ

սСãһ˵Ŀȫ˹ŵ˵ĳɼܺãԡ

˵͵͵һۺı飬ŻǽҪúףһ

һǱ飬֪϶뵽ʲô⣬ѵôҶģʣҪôף

˵ƮԺĻ˳Ưһֺ٣ǽȥ˵⻰ʱս촽ûôҲǺ̫壬޵ԡ

Ƭ̣˵ʲô

Ȼɫһݣ˲øĸǶģȥ¥ݿģҪȾȶϰջؼˡ

ûУûУսûȥЩط

ɵôҪȥһ֪˼µĻ

ΪûȥŻúսίίصĻԺ˶֪¡

춢ս˰죬鲻˵ѣ΢һЩѵԺΣ¥ֵطǼҳ˾;Բȥ㵨ҽȥҪñҸ֪Ĵ㡣

ս͵ضһ£˱ӦԺᶼˡ

Ȼߺ츸£вһĴ

δսԸȥƮԺ٣ϵʱǻԼףһ

˺þƺò֮⣬ҲֻǻŮǡ

Ǻ쵱ͷսԼġ

۸컹žƣСԱ߳ŷʢʳսһڽﵯ١

ǿɿģûסһûô˹ȥ

Ȼսŭ٣װĹĻصߣһƱߺȱ߿

ϯɢʱ򣬺˾ƵѾ΢Ҫط䣬һ£סһһ¸˵

£Щɻ󣬲ʲôڸղĵʱ˵ʱֶû뿪ҲҪ˵ӡ

չ֪˶ٰϯ¼ȡˡʱ֪⣬μ࿼ľĹԱҲμӣǴѡһЩյ£˵һ£ּȤĻǾͷֿǰȥ

˼ʣҸһͬǰȥ

ҼڸҲЩεһͬǰȥ֪ڵйԱƶ㵱ҺؼӶû˻׳򡣡

ˣҡҡͷʶôʱ䣬ѵҿμӿƾٿԣľֻΪ˹Ϊٵ뷨𣿡  

ЦЦûнӻ飬ƽʱ֪һ£µͷˣΪѣûȷһ¶Է˼ȽϺá

ۿ뷨ͼ˵ЩԱ˵鷳

վһȥ

۵ͷӦ£ںתǰимص֪䣬ֲǼһô

ʧЦǼ֮䣬Ҫ˵ôֻ

ڶϵϯȻһͬμӣڣүүʶ˽ܸʶõȵʱ

۸һͬϯտʼ˶Ϊ⣬ڿһֱһҲЪƬ˼

֪˾ٰ޲Ĺȥ

ۻ󣬵ڶ㿪ʼʰؼңҲһ

սò׵ǣЩӴദҪȥ۰Ͱ͵صٶ𣿡

۹ϾܾҶôʱˣСҷһ˴Ҳġ

սƲƲ죬졣

˵ͱϣ²۵ˣ㲻˵ˣǳ׻һô˵˾¡

˵ֿ㻹ôСܸܲһ˰ɣ

صȥѾͯϢҸĸ

 















 
81  ڰʮһ  ȵȿ  






ս֮, ߶뿪ջһʱû

۸Ϊôʱ䣬Ϊսһ󲿷ʱڸѧ, ܼʱ䲻, 黹˽ġ֪䲻Ϊô¾

ֻΪ, Էֳģ, , ҲҪȥһ¡

ʰö, ȥҵʣȥôˣҪҪȥң

ҾͲ, ڸǼ꣬ǿҪϤˣô, ϶ʲô¡

üëһ, ЩȻô˵֪, Ȼһֱ׼սǵģֻҪֵ̫飬ʵսġ

Ȼӡûġ

һ, ֵҵȻҪȥһ, ͼﳤ, ·Ͽ˳

һȥɣʧЦ, պҲҪȥĶ

ۻ˵꣬ſϤԹ, ȻҾֻ˳𣿡

תͷͿսƿţһԹģǡ
  
վսԱߣ鲻һΣС۸磬ǵģǰ粻׼

ҪˣЩսߺߡתⱧ񲼰Ǹŵ㣬ҵģֻܷСˡ

۸һۣܳȥ͸ҵˣεͬʱҲЩھΡ

õԼǷлȻЦŵΪֲô˵ģȸǸȻΣ

ս˫һҪʲôóԵ𣿡

ֻ֪Ե𣿡ΣǷȲģ͸¶һЩϴģ϶ϲġ

սü˼Ƭ̣û뵽ܵĶˣȻ֪ˡ

˵ת죬ֶ׼˸ҵأ

û׼̯֣սʼӣæҪλȥҹù˵˵һ㿴ûкʵĹ

սһӦЩصҲԡ

۸쿴⸱ӣûסһЦҲЦüһһġ

սЩ˼Ӳתƻ⣬ֲжҪôϽҰɡ

ڹȥðɡҲûθڡ

̤źսִű߱һ󲼰ݸۣû֮ǰֻСĻԼ̨׵Ǹġ

ЦŽӹãһȥһָʱԸл

սغһָ󣬺һȥ᷿

ֻ⸱ģûάֶã۰ѷ½дֵĻ󣬶ȻĳԺһܹʣʲô𣿡

սϵļ˳飬ѻΪº͵ûʲô£Сһ£ҸС۸˵仰ͳ

С֣ɵؿսһۣѯʵۡڿ۵ͷ˻Ժ

սŽż⣬쳤˲ӣȷǵ˵ˣѹȻȫǴŪģҿԺ˴ڸǾֻڳۣһ򵽡

۲ʣͲΪʲô𣿡

⻹ҪʣȻΪ֪ϲսȻ

ף㻰Ϊ֪ϲв˵ѧϰȻҿѴ̡

㾡ܷģսŵȻ꣬ҲͿƷҲԣÿֻдһҶһʱܿ꣬Ӱ쵽ѧҵ

Ǿͺã۵㰲ڸǶ飬͵ĻҶѼţ´λϣһ㡣

лл֡սϲлںҪȫϲУȫ֮ǰʹۣΪʲôȫˡ

սˣ֮һͬȥǻϲгҲսĴ£򵽺ֱȽиɫ

ϵʱ򣬼־һ̸쵽ҹȻŸԻطϢ

ڶۼ̻ؼңսʹҵʮأʧصϽ쵽°ɣȻǹμԺԣԺȡŹܸһڸԺˡ

ҡҡͷôģŪú֮⣬ûƵġ

ѵǲ٣սʲһ

ôһ˵ۼҲ̲סЩ˸Уһºսļ򣬡İɣ⼸»Ŭѧϰĺ

˵һЩԼ֮Ļǲż·

˹ƶпˣͻȻսںǵһҪҵĶ

һ𾪣ɻĿ˸õƣûӦ

ʻһ·󣬺컹׷ʵʲô

͡顭ӣִ˼СȻ󱻼ҳʵĸо

¶ȻЦݣ˵飬ٽֱ׳Ļܲʲô
  
ⷽ棬ѸܶзִˣҲû˵ʲô

ڽҲζؿһۣͬû˵

ֻСúı鿴ֿǸ

ʳʲôæԱ߳ӣתƻҰ᲻ôơ

ðɣ⼸¶пɣƻҪٵȼգŻȵܡ

Աװķ羰˵

һȺ˹ƼûзʻٶȣҾȻҲûоܡ

Ϻȥ˺ңϢȫܳӭӡ

Լҷֵ˸Լ׵ȵһǵ˵棬Ҫĵó˹ȥˡ

Ҳûסһָ˰ᶫͬʱһֱ

һ£Լȫ󣬾ͷԸСǻȥ

֪ҲãҲգ϶ǼŻؼұϲҲû˵Ъ

Ƕ٣ԼȥĻ϶㣬Ҳûܾĺ⡣

ֻǻȥɣСһ·Ҳˡ

СǺͯô飬ȻܾǴӼóϳǻȥ
  
ϵǴ壬ĻٶȺܿ죬ʻڵʱ򣬲δʱҡ

ʱ㣬˼ڵɻ۸·ϵʱ򣬾۹Ȼ»᲻ڳ

һ¾ãӦòˡ

һǸϤıźӵӰһ˲䶼˶

ЦСӣ´ˡ

۷ӦܹȥǾϲصô

Ҳ·⼸ӦҪˣЦŵʹȵȿ 



















82  ڰʮ  ϳʲô  








˼ǻ﷭ӿ, ŽƬ̺ûסһ, С, ѽͳ§˻

ʱ˶ȥɻ, ܳһͬү˺͸ϳĳ, ˵״̬, ı

ûΧ, ҲѶͷ۵Ĳ䣬˼֮ࡣ

۸һ, ˶һʱĵʱ̣һʱᣬ˭ûɿ֡

ֱ˫׼棬ܵ, ֳ˳½, ûõӦ, űױסƣһ죬͵۵Ķסһͷ, ֱ

۰õķٶһ, ͷƤ۵Ǳһͷ

ͳһ, Ѹٷſֱų, һֻճ־ȥ߬ͷﻹЦűԹһû, ׵ļ񣿡

Ҳæ֣һ۷ˣһ᲻׶ӣòˡ

ڰ۵ͷӳȳԭúúõͷҲҵòˡ

Ҳʵˣſ۵ļϣ￴Сͣ

ʱĶҲؼҵĳߵǰҰǰȥɣȻźӣҲðᶫ

鷳ˣôԶˣſھֻһ·۾ûоܾǰ·

˵ųͽһǰ棬ûǼҵĳں档

Ӵڵ·Զ˸ں棬߼͵͵һԱߵۡ

۵˼ҲϣôԵĶĿܲ

һСξͻȻȥѹؼ㿴

৵һ¾ͺˣ̧ۿһ£ѸջĿ⣬Ƿ㣬Ҫûиҡ

һΪ㲻أʧЦ

ԵɴۣҪȥšֹۣ˼ˣֻһǹģ

۲ٶʹ˵˸Եĳɼ׵ȵڰ

ͣתͷۣŽͰ͵ʣ桭ģ

ƭ㲻ɡ˵֣ǰߣҲңĳɼҲܺãǼ׵ȵһҵȵ

ȴû仰һϲص̫ˡ

ΪĹЦŵ

˵䣬͵˳¼ҵſڡ

Ƕȥɻˣֻг´һڼң죬ʹԺӵ˰ӳ۱ųһ㾪ϲصСӻˣθԵĳɼΣ

׵ȵڰˡ˵ȵ

úúã´˵֣ϵƶЦ˻۵Ǵϲ£ǻˣҵǺúһԵģҼҳԷ

鷳ǣЦŵףȡͯݣǶлʱԽչˣӦǴҳԷŶԡ

´뵽ʲôǸϽȥɣƵ㣬ڵɻĻˣϢ϶вҪǼҵϲ׼׼

ۡšһӦ£ֵҲɡ

ã´ЦŵͷͷǳץİɣҲϽȥãõϲˣ⸱ģ̫á
  
һ˻аɿɰĶһۣתͷʽ˽쳶ͷ֮⣬֮ǰҲг߱˵ͷ𣿡

ûУæǵһء

ŷģץס֣촽ҧ£Ժ׼ͷҪٸҳ˭ͷҾҧС֡

ʲôΪ棬£Ц

Һ󣬺ؼҵĳŰѶҲû͸뿪ˡ

ýųԼѴǹķ˳ϲˣͣĶȫᵽ鷿ȵÿ

Ѷȫݣ͵ڿҪԶϴ

·ѾԹ緹ˣסĿջҲϴ˵˰ѾͷȰɡ

մԽʱǲֻ̫ʱˣҲϤˡףԼԼԭ򣬳ǵʱżΪ֮󲿷ʱԼ˳֮չСӤҪ̫ʱ͸ˡ

۵Ļ󣬽һ㶣ȷӦ󣬾ͻһЦá

˽ݣͭǰţְѳڴϡ

Ϊ³ŵʱó˶أ泯š

Լ뿪ҪȥȴΪ̫СԼԵʣֻ֫ͽ͵ڿҵš

۾ԼӿɰòУ̲סȥ档
  
ֻǲŸվͱְصţȰͷá

ʵʵãٶ

ͷķڲ˺Ȱͷȫɢһ˳÷ͷ

ڼ˭û˵ֻĿżͭｻ㣬㲻ԾһЦ

ͷúҲûж

ͭ۵ʱˡ

żϵֻ󣬽ѱվŵǰ汧ţҲڼҵʱ䣬ˡ

ҡҡͷͷ۵ļϣҲ࣬Ҳܹԡ

̧ȣһ˵˽ôϸˡ

һУֽһûм棬ôһ§Լ˯ķûסһ¡

۲Цһ£𶯣ŽҲ˶

Ҳͽ˶ѣֻǹؾص§ڽϣûϾڲʱ䡣

ôر˿һյʱ䣬۵ļ򣬡ǳȥɣȻ˹ûˣ̫á

ڽĲϲһ£ɿ֡

˻ϾʱûסͬʱʧЦȴӲûз

ڴϣ֪ʲôʱȻ˯ˡ

۶ذѳ߰ɣȥ˯

רŸ˯С۰СϺ󣬾ֻСӸסӸ˫ȣȣҲ¶š
  
ŽǹװЩ۾ڳСߣ

ŰѶװûãϢ˹ϲ

Ķ࣬ҲģСÿ˶ץһǣԵϢ֮󣬴Ｘе˶һˡ

Ͼʵ˼ҿͯԼҺֳ˱˼ҵǣƽ׽׽Ҫ㼦ʲôģ͹ȥϲ

۸һֱæڣһˣԼæˮĳǡ

۱˵ĳ棬ѴĶãŪòˣۣʲô

ЦЦؿ˽һۣûнӻ

뵽ʲôæɱˣȥˣ֮⣬бԵĲ𣿡

ֻҪģͶóԣ۵æһ죬ŪԾͺá

 















83  ڰʮ    





Ȼ˵Եͺ, Ūһ

һ㣬θ·ǽ, ֱ⳴, һˮ, һس˿ϡ

С, ˳׺, ڶǳСˮ, ˣ۸ġ

Ӧ˵, 󲿷ֶ۳˵ģڸǵʱ䣬ȻջһֱǺ÷ò˵ĳţϤļҳζ, ȫһ

ȳ, ŸԱι

һֱϵĲ˳Եֻʣͣ¡

뾻, ûס¶һЦ⣬ҨһС׵͵ߣŪٲԿ㣬Ȼ㸸ûԱ, Ҫˡ

ôҷ, ҪǻԲˡʧЦ

˵, ͿʳȥȻءһŴ, ݹȥӶ

һ£Ű˻

Ҳ, ³ཱུյС

ûסֱӹЦ

Ա߿ų˻ʰϿյȥϴϴʱ򣬳ҲˣٰǸСһ¾ͺá

ԱˣҲڽϣѽѽŤ

ۼǵԼҶǰ˰죬Ҳû׳Ҫʲôɻôˣ

ϰߣÿϳ극ҪȥԺһȦſϴ˯˵Űѳϣȥɣȥϴˮ

ҲȷʵЩʱûϸԼԺĶˣҶӻȥȦǺˬؽ

ԺӾôĵطǰԺ˲ԣǰԵǿˡ

۱ųӲһȦ߲˵ĳƺ󣬺ܿǿԱߡ  

ĸ߶ȣվ̲סۡ

ʱ궼ֻδȻڽˡ

Ұ˶ٵɫӣɫҶм䣬ϸѷ

۱ųΧתһȦһ˼ӣ߻ſڣˮĽԺǿˡ

ҾͿˣЦŵһʼֻʣĸˡ

ۣĸҿˣͦõģӦòٵˡ

Ӧðɡ

պˮ󣬷һϴ裬Ȼٸϴ

˶࣬˯ûô˯ãϴ󣬶۸壬ŴϾͺ˯

һֱ˯°ҹźߺŸ˫ףԼ˯ˣ֮ǰôڣûѡ

æų뿪ݣڵŵ

֪ҪгԵˣģһҲڡ׺ιԱֺܿԹ˯š

ڶ𴲵ʱҲѳ˳ȥҵһι˵㶫ԺȥȦԲӰ쵽Ϣ

һֱԹ緹˲ʱѯʶԷֿ顣

Ǳ߳˸·ԣҲͺϵģǸжƲϵóһ˵

ɾЩ飬Ҳýζʱɻĵط

ۼϲɴԵЩóԵĶϸϸ˵˳

˵֮󣬾ʽأҲڼҵЩӣûʲôΪѵ飿

ûУ㲻ڼҵЩ죬ҶҶչˣҪɵĻƣҲǳǰġ

˵ָ²Եķ򣬡ˣÿҪȥʱ򣬶Сæų

ʣȥʲôأ

ߺҾûȥǴҪȥϣͻûʲôҪȻˡ

ף뿪ǰ֮Ķó㣬Ժ㣬һҪ˴Ķʵ⡣

Խ˽⣬ͽԼһ˵ĻԸҲԸ鷳ˣΪҪ߳ԵĭӪŻñ˴

Ͷʮ죬ƴĴҲࡣ

Щ˰æ۾͵Ϣһ죬һȥϣЩл񡣡

Ҳд⣬ֻЩɻ󣬡ôණǸҵ𣿡

۵ǸҵģֻǸ㳿˵ġ

죬³һ仰Ҳ̫˰ɡ

õĶ˵걧ųкҲû飬ھȥЩɡ

ȶȫ꣬ۿõĶһ붼жΪ˷ǮռطһС

֮˵жΪÿһܺûϵϲӡ

ܽô룬ٸߣȻ棬ÿһ¡

ڶһ磬۸緹иڳ´æҺ󣬳ȥϡ

֮ȥô磬Ϊǰһ͸ˣһǵ˼ңһټһ⡣Ȼ¼Ҹң϶һЩҲ⡣

ѾЩˣŲ̫ãΪ˲ζȥˣͳȥıȽϺá

һųϸ·Ҳˬܶ࣬ɹš

·ʱ򣬷˼ĻҲǷֱǶʱһЩ¡

·ߵľݴԣ̲סʣȥʱľɫҲ𣿡

ûʲôۻһµֻһΣҪƹɽȻ·֮˵ǲЩ羰  

˫ؿۣԸ˵˵𣿡

˵̧̧°ͣԸ𾪵ı󣬲żҲǻҪȥμԺʱҲа˾ŸˣעһЩϴӦò⡣

£ʣҸһȥμԺԣ

ۡšһ׵ȹȥϤһ¸ǵĻҿŵĹչأҪȥǵԺһ飬μԺ󣬲ѡϿǹ硣һڸǵʱ䣬ܸܲҷֿɡ

öûнӻȻǶҪ뿪ǲá

һͼֻԺԵʱˣûȡȥԺʸȥһˣ͵ˡ

ᡮޡһдʣĪ֡

˵꿴ۣô˵

úúãҲ˵ЦӦ£ȥǵ¡

Һͳһȥˡһۣ˵ͱٿ

۱ųҲ˵һ·Ż˸ǵ֮ǰս˵иѸ㳤𣿡

Ȼ¹ȤôڸǼˣ

ûУҡͷǿԵʱսԺպ÷ż٣˵Ǻ£ȥʡȥˣûܼš

ŶһüëۣԷ˼»ȥǸ˶Աһ𣿡

𣿡ʧЦҺ޲˭Ŀȥİ˼档

һµı飬ԹŭĿۣû뵽Ҳˡ

ۡЦ˼ϵԷ˰ɣ

£˵첽ǰӲǰУɸһ롣

˵˵ЦЦȫûע⵽ԱС·˳˹

˱ͻȻ֣۶ûӦ

ǽȷӦˡ

ۿϵЦһ˲յøɸɾŲѳһֱ÷㿴Ǽ˵

ֻǵȿһ˵Ҳûס˸һı顣

¶˪һЦ£Ҳ֪ʲôĿĵôǰҲйԼС㲻ôɣ·˶ʶ

Ī˵¶һھεıԼ£ǼҶԲ۸硣

ôԼҷһ˲ðŶǰ̤һҪ˵

æסӣʾִ

Ҫ˵ʲôˣôһǻķŭ˲ͻί

Ƿƽʱ϶֪ôԭֻǷıӦˣһʱ˲˼

֮£ѡ۵ĻȻЩ鲻Ը

濴סûסй¶һ˿ı飬ֻٿ۵ʱ޹Ǹεģ

Ժܾǰڲׯⷽһ֮󣬾ҲûܹԼӰ졣

ǰļҲûǰŮˣ˴ӱĶΨһӡ󣬾ǵڲׯֺ˵ǸȥĲׯ񶨺󣬻м˵ȥׯʲô¡

ֳӡټ֮˻£۶ⷽ棬˵øˣΪ»Լ顣

ˣ˸óЩı󣬲ޱɨڴԼŮˣ֪˽סк£

һھˣѷԭҪ˵Ļȫ˻ȥ

ãȻؿڣֻ˵ĻѾ˷ִ磬ǰ飬۸綼𣿡

۲ʣ֪ͯ˰ɣ  

ԭҡͷֻܿһеĿƲס˵ʵǡ

˵æҲΪš

ǲǴﶼ۴ϵ˵ǰ顣

˵һǳһĨЦȴδִָǰйԼ𣿿ǰͽ˰Ƿģ֮ȢɡΪѾͯҲ֪ΪλҪ¡

˲Ҫ飬Ҳ϶ۻ˽⣬²۾ܾҲ϶ó˵ղѡ

ȴû뵽۲˵ˣôֱףһҲ棬һʱ޴룬ġ

ã۵˵ŮӦΪأԼ£ĳȨ棬Ҳ˵ĳǷȰһ䣬ĳԶһ㣬ҷɲˣͱҰѽ´ȥ

̲ס˶վԭأöûж

һˣҲԱ

۸Զƹһ󣬽벻Ȼôϧ񡣡

Ҫ㣬ϧֻĳ˻̲סһ˰ɡʧЦ

֪ЦԼղŵĳ嶯ҲӲˣⲻһʱûסԺ󲻻ˡ

ҲԺˡ

ٳ£Ҫ𣿡Լ˵ԣԼҷô˵С

˵Ĳ˵˼ЦŽ͵ԺҶ鷢ȻҲͲ̲סˡ

 















84  ڰʮ  ûǹ⻷ 






ϵ̫е, յһ˲䶼ˣҲڷ̣͵¡

۳ôʱ, Լҷ˵˽ⲻ, ÿÿֺ׵黰, ǻƲס, ۡ

̧ͷ˿ߵ, ·ߵɽ, Ҳӻ

󣬲װس۵ķ򿿽, Ȼۣȴ̧ס۵䡣

۸оǴ·£΢, Ѹٰѳϵֱ, Ȼ´ְֻס, ʮָۡ

֣һֱߵϣ

ڷףҲûŲ, ֻʣȥ

ȥ, , Ǻܾûȥ𣿡

УǾȥ, Ҳȷʵȥ˳ˣ˵, ⼸³̿ԣԼÿҪĻǰд˵ģȻǰ  

һ㣬˶ûȥˡ

ǵʱǮƹպ棬۾Цӭϲ๫ӣȡ˼׵ȵĺóɼ

лл۵лǮƹô֪ĳɼཻôʱ䣬ⳣֵıҲ֪һ˵ǸǵϢˣԶھǵ£ⳣλֻҪ룬Ҳ֪ܺܿ

Ҳ⼸ջһˣѾҰǰҪȫǮƹûǣ

۵֪㶫ҽǷпգȰݷһ

ӦпյģǮƹŵһ£ҽȥʡ

ܿǮƹֳ˵ⳣָ嶼ڣȻǰ棬۸ȥ

۸ʵҲ·ˣ˵طȻǽһϲֻ˵䣬ͰĿתԱߵĳ

Ҳһ˫ʯƵӿ岻㣬Ƭ̺¶ȵЦݡ

һ¾ͱУ˫֡

ųһŵȰԺԹ뿴С¾Ҫȥˡ

Цҡͷ⻹ûӰأ

ʱʵڲףԼȷ£ôЩһƶᱻԺ¼ȡ

ⳣԵصҪҷɣֱһ׼ġ

Ц£ͷӦ¡

һЩģ˵£ǰǼÿһԼҲõ£֮Ŀÿ¸һζ

۾ԺֻµʱˣӦѧϰģֻĻÿҲһ֣죬дһشӸǻԺѾм͵Ĺ£дʲô顣

Եѧϰļ϶д˼άҲ˵ͨ

ʻһ˼µѮһ͹ʱжģҲһ𡣡

ɣЦף˼꣬дٶȡ

̸֮һ£źصֻǵ;ҺõڲҪˡ

ǰȥ꣬˲ٲ壬˵ЩǮ󲿷ֶõġⷽ棬ͦмġ

̽Ļһ󣬱Щ裬ֻԼȵĻ²ʱڣӦûɣ

ҶǴˣ˵ƣ۲ᵽ꣬ҷ˾˼

ⳣؿһۣҲȻ;

˶ǼԸˣܿͶס˱飬ҡҡͷðűĲȣھûˡ

û˭Ҳû˵ԼﻹС

ժļڣæԡԣȻΪôҲճЩ裬ֻǲ࣬ͷԼҺȸ⣬ʣµȫ͵

ٲĻҲû취ˡ

ʵԼ֪Ҳˣʼרĸ˳ɳһЩ¡

һֱ۸ǣذѳҡҡСֵԺ󳿳ڸǣҹȥʱҲŶ

Ϊڸ棬һץסָȻ󡮿Ц

ǵȥټŶ

뿪½ų·ۣ۴ӽӹȻ󳿳յԺɴȥ罻ˣ׸Ҳû˼˼ҽȥȾ͹ˡ

ʱ䣬ѾϰԼҷżֵֹ˵ʽҲˣЩεصôС

ҲСԲһ£ϲļƣ»ûȵ꣬׵˾е㷳ˡ

ô˵ԼҶӵġƳһۣЦǣǼҳ϶ˡ

Լã

°ͣصФ

ۣ

֮£ûü˵ʲôתƻǸϽȥɣؼҡ
  
ۣˣǿˡ

ҪĶ棬Ǻ⣬ӻ̸̯һξ룬һЩ޷ǼӵƸϸ޲ϸ޲УҲӻ򵽡

˺ܿðˡ

Щһᣬ۵֮󣬾ȥû⣬ĻͿ϶Ҫˡ

ѾЩ·ȥôԶ·̡

һ¶ûУ;ſţǡ

ţ·һһΣԭ۸ţԼ·ר㳿档

û֮߳һľ룬ֱӱ˯ˡ

֮󣬳ûѣ۸ɴͰݵСϣԼĶֺãȻ緹֮ǰȫ˳ȥ

ֹ˼գźؼҲףòˣ۲ŸִųȥϡרŸл

һͬǰȥĻ

˵Ǻѣ۸ڸǣԵסĶǺģ׼ȷ˵ӦǺġ

֮ǰҲһأѳסǮ졣

ֻһϴʾܾˣ˵ƽЩǲѵĻ

۸ֻա

˶ⱸлл  

ǸСѣ˵˼䲻лĻ󣬾ת۸ҪлҵĻҵһ÷

ʲôʣ˵

ȥˣھӰɣסǼ˿һѧʣҲÿ춼



ۣ
˵סѧȷʵе⻰ǳųġ

ȻҲԼҶӿɰЩΪλôϲ̲סпյ룬ѵΪһԽߣûǹ⻷ΪŪˣѹ⻷ȥˣ

ûȵ۸Ļش׷ʵʲô𣿡

ѣ۵Ҹ첻ͬԺԶ֪᲻ᱻ¼ȡܼƻǺȥ

ذףѾʸȥǵԺ飬ֻԼҪȿ긮ԸԺ԰ˡ

⻰˵ԭһֱԱߺȲ費˵ĺ̲סЦŵҾֻĺá

 















85  ڰʮ  ѹ 






һȥǵº, ܿ͵緹ʱ䣬Ȼںظһٷ

۵ϰߣһֳ˷, ٺյ, ͻ뿪

ǻںȲ, ſڽ˯ˡ

, æ, ƫʰһ齳˯

˼Ҷ, ҳ˯ٱ߶ҲȷʵãǺ۸ȥ鷿˵, ƫų

һ˯һʱѣ˺Ҫι˳Եĺȵģ뿪ʱ, Ѿʱˡ

ȥЩ, ߻ؼңѾӽʱ

ɻδؼ, Ѿת˵طڽӵĲ˵Կ˸Сˮڽˡ

˻صңſڸڳ´к, óԿ׿, ųԱߵš

һڲ߽ԼԺ, ڳ¼Ҿ˸˳Ƶĸ˽

۸һ, ۣҪǿ˴Ӹڹ, Ҫýȥˡ

Ҳ֪ԼֵͻæҽܵýţǼеҪ˵

ý۸ӡ󣬵·¾˵ģҵ˵ýֻҪ˵ģ޶˹òڸӣЩġ

۸˽⣬С£´Ҳýġ

ֻ۸ЩףһýˣǼʲô¡

Ǻ£벻׵ֱʣǵԷְҵ²⣬ҪǼҳ˵ǿҪ鷳һˣǼҳס
  
Ǹ˵סýЩƳ˽һۣſԶɻˣЩżصȥ˵ɣվſڡ

뵽ʲôüͷ΢΢ûнӻ

ǽ̾˿ȵɡ

˵תԺĴŹϣַš

֪ΪʲôⱾýԼҪģʱġաûס¡

ź󣬽ԽݣۺýŵˮָŪ˵ˮŵԱߵСϣιԶɣȥѲĲ˽ˡ

ȻȥͺãôԶ·Ϣһ۵

һۣȥʱ䣬˲ҽ𣿡˵겻˵ʲôߵԺӵľߣͰͿʼˮ

ۿıӰεЦ¡

֪ڸղţ׸֮䣬ʲôηˡֻ֪ԼϤӶǰȴûжιϿʼѽѽشߴٸףҲһץһץҪ׵ע⡣

ۻعæҨˮιߡ

ȳ˼ںٶ̧ͷԱߵýţȲǸ˵ףǲ֪Ǻ£

ýڵ˵֮⣬ܻȱľǿ˵۹⣬ģĻ˼ҷѿĿġ

˵ýܶʱҪƤʱЩΣʵұӦ˵ģֻ˼иˣġ

ֱ԰ɡ۵

ãý˿˲óƽ˵ýļƣģϳǶԱ⣬ʣ˵иعڼҵСŮǷԸס

зɺӡ

Ƕ֪ýżԱҲҪͣȢŮǽţƽ޼ɡ

üûھܾýž͸ǰͷϵȱžܾҰѻ˵ꡣ

˵ƺ۲˵ȥĻᣬֱӵԱҵŮҲ귽ʮţúǱ£Ӽ͸ѧŴլǸµĺ֡Ÿټҷ˺Сϵ

˵ɿƳǰ˽ˮĽ֪ǸõģҸһ·Ҳ˲ٿ࣬վǸ㽫ԾţլҪһŮӣ˵ƹܼլǸԱķ˽ãҲȸ÷㡣

Ա⻹˵ˣŮǶޣֻҪ³ɣױض񡣡˵͵ۿ۵ɫּ㲻ΪǮԱ֣أˣҲ֡Ա⻹иֳڸ٣ңܱȡ  

ˣͣ۵ķӦ

Ҳû룬Ц۽ķ򣬾͵ĺԱĴ࣬Ҷˣֻڸҷɰõʱ۾Լ¹ԣֻһˣٻ󣬻ƶ᲻벻

ýֱ۵Ŀ´˵㣬ǳһЩЦݣֵǸˣҲǸиġ

˵ѱеˮ½һúȥԱ˵ģ£͵ûҲû

ţһˡ

û£ĴϰˡýЦЦٳŵʱֵȻһǻӳ¼ߣñ˿ڱ˵

˵Է˵£ԼҪģϸĸۻͦ͵ģ˳ȥʱϵЦݶһЩ

ߣͷͿŽˮưվڲԱЦЦصǲǺܿģ

ۿܰˮ׶Ƶľưæѳ˹ȥˮɡ

ǵļ⶯˶æסľưͰһųڲվš

۽ӹղŵĹһ߽ˮһߵĶҲŸղҸýŵĶԻû

ǰˣǹһĨЦݵý˵Ҫ˵£ŮӲñ£ԱҵŮһ³ɣױ϶񣬶һиڸٵĲһȢˣ绰˵ǰ㣬ٷܶʮꡣ

ٷܶʮ˵ǰ۱˻ʱ˵ġ

˵ҲˮˣưͰһ̲סЦŵ㽲ò˼ý˵Ļһֲȫѵû˵Ļ𣿡

һЦô֪˵ʲôЩû˵

︹̣Ȼû˵һģһģĻǰղ˵ԼҷҲĶ˵أǰѸղŻؾý˵Ļ˵һء

˵ⷬһĻ󣬻ݣּȷʵûǰԤǰЩӲ˵ԺԲ£

֪²۹ûǵһˡ

ֻԼҷ˵ģýý£һҲΪҷϣ޹ġ

ϸһû黰˵׬ҲΪ

ٲ˼ô˵ŬŬⱾͲǷĴֹܲ˱˵뷨

֮ۼˮͱųڲԱġ

һ󣬳´Ž

æǰкȥɡ

Ͳˣ´Ավҹ˵ղý˵£ѾֹˣֻûȰסԺС»Ҫͷûܰѻ˵̫Ǳȥ

ͼˣЦŵ½ԼȥͺˣҪİ
  
´Ѿý֪Ľּ֮䲻ʲô϶ͳ׷һҪȥιͲǽˡ

۵ĲҲˣ´һߣժ˽ҪԵ߲ˣھϴɾԽ棬ȥ

áӦ¡

۽źϵЦݱ㵭ղŬѹȥǹ̲סӿ

ܷôؾǷôýһ˵ûдģȷʵﲻ˷ֺ

;Ҫ㣬ǵ˸֮

֪ĲЩԼʱЩѹ

 













86  ڰʮ  Ǯ 




һ, һһȣÿ춼ֻһˣȵʱ, ҪԱȲ˯

ڼ, θڻǰ, Ҳûʲô֢״, ۸֮ǰһЩ, ٲõġ  

һĹ, ֮󣬽ͿʼʰҪȥǵĶ

γһȥ, ǲǰ׼ϸҲġ

ԺԵʱڸ¼ȡ󣬾һͬ, ڰ³ˡ

۸Լóʱ¶ʮ, Ͼβ۴ŽҲһͬǰȥ·Ͽ϶Ҫ໨һЩʱ, ˸֮󣬻ҪӦһ

ҶżҾ죬Ȼһߣûټһ, Լ, ۺ, ҲϹһһ

۲ûоԵĴ˴Ժһᱻ¼ȡԳŵʱ, ֻиڳ¼Ұտ߲ˣԼԺŵǼֻ, δ̫İš

¶ʮյ糿۸͵ˣ׼ʱſڽǡ

·۰ѶᵽϣѶã򱻳ӱţظ

۸Ѷʰ׵֮󣬽׼õĺɰݸӣǴŸŵԿף֮鷳ˣ԰ĲˣĵӶûȥԾͺãȻҼҲǻˣԺﻹЩ㣬Ҳǵԡ

ӱͺ᲻ãôţʧ䣬ų֣˸Ͱˣֲỵ巴Ҫȥݣ˳ִ¨ݻô

ÿɷЩɳ¼Ұæıͳȥ뷨ΨһҪģǳ¼ܰǺúÿҶѡ

˵ЩҪעϸڣӾͰѳ

۷ŽԼߡ

·״ʵʲôû𣿡

ۿ첽ߵԺԣСĵذĸӶժãҵӡ

·Ŀɿڴ죬춼֪νӻ

ǳ´ӣģһۺ󣬲֪뵽ʲôԭ˲١

֮ǰ˵ΪǼӸһЩǰժ

ԼҷҲû⣬ֻǿŵģĸʱ̲סü㶼ժˣСֻǲźһ𡣡

ҵģȻҪһժˣСǸݸҹӵƷָĲͬõȵȫ͸ͿԳԡ

ժѾժˣ˵ʲôҺòóԣ֮󳢹֪

ۼҸǵӴȥϸĻϣȻһȥǡ

֮󣬾İķ羰

۰ѳԼϷţ÷Ϣ羰

һ˭Եĳ֪Ϊʲô˫ǱÿαûãǱᡣ

֮СƢѽѽҪעⲻ㣬һŤһŤҪ۵Ŀơ

ԸҪ۱ʱ򣬾ͷԼҶӵ쳣ˡ

üѳԼϷţ³֣ɻôˣ

ϺֿʼһŤһŤس

ۼ״һۣĿš

ʵɲǲţڽ˸ʵģܿ⾰ɫλþͲˡ

죬۲üʵ᲻

ϸһ£ʻʱķ磬ˬʵģ֮󣬳϶䣬ǱֱǸװǸ·ϻϴѣüϰɡ

ҵѺֱӰѳӽﱧ˹

Ȼһ뿪ߣֿʼ

æԼߵҲȥóǱ

һ߸ѣһ²۵㶳ţŰߵӷȻ̡

Ϥ̶֣ѳųתۡЦЦ

ûסԼӰ۵žߴ£ˣԭˡ

ڸײ󣬾ͼ׻㿴羰ĵطš

۸ôû뵽ʻʱƶķ羰Գô

ԭǻ·ϲܳȥ֣·ϼ죬˳Զ˯Լżø׸֮⣬ʱۺض濴ǻĽҰ⣬ֻܿ˵ɽľҲ²ġ  

ϲȻ۸ϣ·ǷɵòչһӤ

ǵʱȻսӡ

컹кͼߵߣȥۻ˯ŵ۵ص·˰ɡ

⻰һ˵ڣ֪ʵۼ˶ûסЦ

ս⣬˵𣿡

ҡҡͷʵ飬·ϳǼ񶼻Ҫá

ս˫һ佱̫ˡ

һӤôãʣͲ𣿡

սĪ׶ûȢô֪һӤ񵽵׸òúá

ۼȻ

սֵϽջϢɣǸ˼·Ҳ˯ˡ

סĵطϻסǼҿջԺ

ϴֳ˷󣬾һȲ顣

ս֮ǰţ˵Ұ⸮Ǻʵķӣǰպ˵иʵģҾȥˣСͦʵģλڳϣȻǺ֣Ժһӵʱ䣬ҸôڳϵլҲûԶ

ļױвҵϣҲмլӸ档

ϻμӸԵʱ򣬺ؼֻһ˹Ϊ˷㣬ȻסܼҵĿջˣ϶ҪסԼլȥ

֮ǰ˾ԼҪסսǴլӵҪ⻹

ֻ⣬սλøլʵǺãҾ϶ϲġ

վ͹ȥɡ

˼ģһյ꣬ҾͶϢ

Ȼǰգһϴ˺ü죬ڲٸ·ˣȻ޲˯ðƣ

۸طʱ򣬳ں˯ŵȥڳ¡

Ȼƣۣһʱ˯⻹û죬˵ǴլӣտǺʣǾɡ

ǼһжǮ۵ղŻʱ˽˰˵Ǵլӵ˿һʮ  

Դһ۵֮ǰǮļʮ͹İˡ

۾ֱöû˵ΪĹ㲻һ㡣

֪ÿ¹ǻ˵ͺܿɹۣǰҶĴͬģҲܸߣһڴĳԵģҪıīֽЩ

̲סɻôǮģ

˸ۣȻǷ׬ġ

 
















87  ڰʮ  լ  







۷ۻ㱾ԼǸ֪мˡ

ӵ׬׬Щ, ⲻǻм𣿡

Ǽҵļж٣ʣû˵ڵǣ˳֮, ܹӺɰʱ䱻ѹ, ҲΪ, ׯƹһļ۸, ѾߵԼþȡƽʱʱ, Щ͵ׯȥ, ׬Ǯ칻µļˡ

Ǳ׬ģͶ

ֻǿԼҷôһŵ, ̲סЦ;̣Ȼ϶Ǽжټҵ֪

ⲻ𣿡ֱ׳ǴԽ֮ǰһ˵ʱ, ǸǰǶμѵ, жǮġֻǺн, ־Լ׬Ǯ㹻ʣûЩˡ

ӳ׺󣬾ۼ֤Լҷⷽĸı䣬ѿ˵Ļ, ﻹǾ̵, ովʲô

ۼ, Ҽҷɵͻݳ̶ȣ֮ǰֳĻҪöࡣ

컬ࡣ̧Ƥһ, װµذѳ齵, ԼۼżϢ
  
Ǯ㣬ǵڶȥլӵĵҲ㡣

һլڸǵһңȥʱ۲ýһҪȥҲȥˡ

ûҪҲһȥο

ʹˣ˼·վ˻ָÿ죬ڿջϢ

ս˵ǴլջûԶǹȥ˶࣬һ󣬾սѾַдһ·ȥ

֮սȥһصڣҪдַΪսͬУҪȸȥӣȥǿš

ۼסĿջȻ徲ʵֵġ

Խսµĵַߣ·ߵլû٣ȴԽԽ١
  
۸һһߵͥ

ϸ˽ڿ쿿ս˵լʱҵլҲǰ治Զ⸽ƫһЩʵλüѣԺֶԶסģҲԶ˾Ӷࡣ

û˼˵ǣ⸽լǺܲҲԶ˶ѣܼðҵķ֮ױլӣԺ˲һ˼󣬸ǰʱԼŸҪġ

Ҳֻ֪ҪõŵĹҪȥԺ飬լҲҪðġ

һ·һ·۲죬Ϊֹլӵλͦġ

ĿĵصʱսѾڵţԱ߻վŸźˡ

ӦսкôһȺ˹լӣҲû¶ʲôȵı飬ֻԿ״кչѾһأСȽȥʲôɻģֱҡ

ﱧųʱʶͲǰ棬Ҳ档

Ⱥȥźͽһ̤룬սӡ

լһʽģ˶Ŵŵ⣬һж᷿ҴķҪһЩ

ԺĿյҪСö࣬ɨһۣʮƽס

᷿ǰһСյδʵģ֪֮ǰס˼ңԻǲ԰õġ

ƬյԱ߻иˮͬҡġ

ȥЩռ֮ʣµľͲˣ͹ƽյĻѡ

ⶼ᷿ǰǿý˹ӵȥ˹ʡ

۸˽ĿҲϡ

ӼǶǿ͵լӵ˼˵شģû꣬ŴǰҸչӹʱժ˼£ζȷʵܺãȻҲԳ

ȻҪǾ᷿Ե̫Ҳѡˡ

ãҡҡͷҲû¶ʲôϲɫôҲףͦϧġ

ȷʵͦϧģӦָָݵķ򣬡ԺûʲôĻǾȥ￴ɡ

ʱĽۼ࣬УҲǿӵĲ֣ŴҾߵ¾ɶѡ

Ǽȴͬ̽ϵĵ񻨶˵Ȼͷͷǵ

⿴һ֮۸ȥӼǮͱסǷ¶Ҫլӡ

Ƕڽ˵֪լӵ£˵ˣսû֡

ͦġСص

Ǿ°ɣ綼ҪġҲѹ˵תͷʹ˸ɫ

ӵϢ󣬾ǰȥ̸ۡ

۾ͼʶһ˫˰ٰʮĻ۷ʽ

ȻռϷ硣

εسϣլȷʵѾһ£ǳҪҾֻ׬ȷѣһʮӸǣǮϾܽ

ộڣ۸ȫõĻӡ

ȿ󣬽óһһƱһʮƱһͬϡ˫һԼԼһʽݣǩְӡǮӣۡ

۰ѷǩԼһͬۺãܡ

ҲպǷԼƱְһԿ׸ۣЦŵլеԿ׶๫պˡ

۵ͷ£õһãһֻһԿףȫõı˻͵Կס

ˣ׳׽

뿪ǰЦŵף๫ս

㼪ԡӦ£͵ſڡ

뿪ʱ򣬾˳ְŸϡլѾǵˡ

ҪߣͱսߣҪĶһ

쿴Լұʧӣ̲סüʲô

ӣսӦ£ͿͰ͵ת۸֣ҿժ𣿡

ժɣʧЦ볢ӵζء

սԷɿ˺һۣҸоȱԺǿĻҪóһЩլӵʱ̫ˣ͸ҳһ˵ժ˻ῴôϲˣլӵʱ򣬻Ӱ۸С

ۣ

֪һ磬ʧЦҵˣԶٶԡ

սٺ١Ц͵仰ˡ

˸ӣԼȥſֽժӡ

ժȻǴȥģǾԱߵľˮϴһԵġ

ۼ¿һȫصϢ  

լ̸۸ǩԼոնڲģŪ׵ˣ۾ͺͽһлˡ

պóѣ֣Ҹ첻ô飬鷳ǡ

ҹϵãĻԲض˵΢΢ףǰʰˣһҪ͡

϶ҪģЦ£լӣȻ˵ﲻͬһӣҸոעһ£ʵúܽмܾ͸һլӶѡ

͸һլӣսһӽȥֻҪһլӣǸôլӵĲš

ô˵һ˭Ҳûнӻ

սãûȵ˴ò̧̧°ͼլҵ¡

 













88  ڰʮ  Ժ 





üôɾ򵽣

Ȼ, սĴָʳָȻһ̶̵ľ룬̧֣۾Ǹ, õС

Ц, Ҳӻ, Լ˵ʲô

ۿսһűģ, ѡϵʲô취

սųһЦ, ΢΢Ųӵڱ𴦲ĵض, һЩլӣլԭ˼һ֮ǰ, ¶լӣͲסȥԺʱõģ, ǰȻܾһһլӡ

֮ǰ͸, լӹսԸĻ, ԰ȥһס

սԼ˰ţ˾ԱߵլӡҰţȲõסһĦܸҲ, ֮ǰĴʵҪ׵һЩ

ֻǿսģ, ̲ס, Ȱ鶨ͲǶھ𣿡

Ϊʲô룿ս, ôһѹӡ

û˵꣬ҡͷ, ˭Ҽѹӻֶû͵ԺӣԺ󻹵ˡ

սĿɿڴ죬ʲô˸Ưӣݵǰ˻ΣھӶ԰ɣ

ͣϲɫʱ֮ǰǵ·ϣСŪԣ֪ⶫܳԣѽѽսſ˫֡

ս֮ǰѾþˮϵëϴõ۵׿ϺֱӰȻֵӦھˡ

²۸죬Ա߿ĵĽ¶εЦݡ

Ǳô˵ҲһЩҡҡͷսһЩ

սڽӵȻϾҶ֪ԸȽͻѶ֡

һһţʹԭİĻܿϤ

ʱ۸ѳиţȥðһЩլҪõĶ¹ӺʹЩҾߣլԭУ캹ЩҪá

ڻĩҪǵ㱻ӣҲǱһ㣬ܿðȫҲҪǮ

Լס֮⣬۸Ѷ᷿Ҳʰ˳ǶѾڸլӣжĵطȻûȥסջĵ

ǳͬ꣬Ϊ۵ʦӦ뵽ס

Ҳܾ롣

Ϊõլӣʱ䶨ڵڶϡ

ŸոһҾӿջ·ԽԽ¼ҵʱ̫պ𣬹ϵ̽ǣһԺӽӲӵĹԡ

ʱźһϲŵĺҲŸЩ

ɽ³һٷʢ緹ҳԣ¼ҵʽɡ

һս͸ǻԼլӣ۸ǹȥսլȦ

սլӱҪһЩԺиСӣżβɫ㡣
  
۵ɫµӦʲôҪս˵ͱųڳӱ߿㡣

սͷʾһ£ߵһʣǵ֮ǰ˵иøҷмƵĺѣ

ϻûˣҲˣֻǲ֪ΪΣδŽǣ£һܾҪһ˲ŷġ

սʼ磬εϻҲ£ǰ죬ָˣ˵£ҪǸҲܸϻ

ۣ

Ҫ˵ڸûݣҪǹܿǵˡ

Ȼôÿǣ˾£һ뿪ٰµʱ䡣

սķ˵سڣԹǿһʱ䣬Ϳ϶ܼǺˡ

Ҿʡҡͷ

֪һʱظǣ֮Ҳûս£ÿճ˳֮⣬ʱڼﰲĶ顣

һסһȻϻ֮࣬˶Щϰ߳

ܵӰСģǰڼʱø׸ȥԺͳ¼ȦҲҪȥ档

սլӾԱ߰ţȻȱŷĵط

ȴһʱܲϰʲôҪӣǰһһѵˣɽһһĲ𣬵ÿһҪǮ

Ҳֻ֪ŵĹҲͰˣֻҪϿһ˾ˣǵͲٻصǰ֣ÿҪԼΪ״̬

ҲûֳκεĲʣŬԼӦֻûסǰһС黨˴ˡ

ת۵˰³ϣʱ꣬һμӿԣڳ·ݴ࣬ϳԱ󣬺ٻַ˯ҲŵϢ

ӵҪμԺԵˣͿʼϢ

ϳʱչ۾ڼԱߵĽҲ

֪ӣҲûֹֻᶯѳѡ

Ĭû˵Ż谵𴩺ѣͰƵǰ£Ҹ

ãӦ£˵ֻҪ΢һ㣬Ҳˡ

İɡ

˵꣬Ѹٵذ۵ͷᵽͷɵ÷á

Ƭ̵Ĺ򣬽Ͱ۵ͷŪ׵Ȼӵȥϴð緹Ūȥ׼ôˡ

ֽźܿ죬Ǳʰ׵ʱѾ緹

o棬滹Ʈż̵˸лζ̲סʳָ󶯡

ⶫ壬ֽ͵o֮ǰԹܶأִˣѾѷȫ˳õĻܡ

ǳͣ;öˣл˦ӳ

ǳ緹ʱ䣬ƵưҪĶһ顣

ֻһһʫ쿼꣬ڿҹҪĶࡣ

緹ۼ˳ţսϡ

֮ǰοԲͬԳҪı⣬Ҫһͬ

ڸտʼΪʦ֪ʱۻĹҲʵĵˡ

ȴȫõģϾиֳɵսڣȻԸЩȡŵĹڳɼõ

ͣſڣսѾţҲȥ۷ٱ½컹ûȻ˯һ  

֪ͷڲîʱȻ磬ҲҪһʱ֮ȥˣ˯ţҲڵϸš
  
ְ˰֣ϽȥɣȻҲ϶Ҫޡ

ãͷֿ˵ҸȥԺǰ㡣

 















89  ڰʮ  ڹƫģ 





Щ, ʱԺǰ϶ܶˡ
  
ӻôЦ˼Զ

սǻϵ, ֻЭ, ԺǰϽһ, Żһ, , ҳȥǡ

, ŵͷӦ£˵, ɣ㵽ԺҲЩ

Ҳ֪˭һֱڸ˵ʧЦ˽ת

ȥʱ, Ѿ, м䣬սռһ, ۷ߵλãǿ˳

ü߹ȥµʱ򲻶ɫֱڳ̽, ֮û̽¶ȡ

սĶ, ¶Ĵ, ĹĵرۿŴ⡣

ʧЦҲû˵ʲô, ֻ𴰻ӣŵƽ, Źϣŷġ

ǰʻʵ̫ЩߵլԺһƬڰֻǰŵ͵Ʒ谵Ĺߣǰ֮ڵľ

ֱԼҴţ۲ջĿ⣬Ҳںá

СϵŸҿռֻôԿҪ࣬ҲûҪ̸¡

Ҳ࣬˭Ҳû˵սҲʵʵز۸ڽװ͸ˡ

һֱԺſڣСɰҵطͣ£˸ͷѾˣͣڸڡ

ǱȻҲ֪Ϣս𳵴ӵʱ򣬸պԱ߳Ҳ𣬺ĿԸš

ñȽ磬ûŶӼʱ䣬۾͵Ȼȥɡ

д⣬Ե˵ͷʱ鷳ǽһҡ

áˬӦ¡

һֵսûʺҪҪһȣΪ˶˶ϣںԱߵ  

ʵССڣҲҪѺ죬һйԱòμӿԵͯŶӣĶˣͻ֪ͨҡ

ȥŶӺСְս͵ԺĲţΪţҪȥԺͷӦ

ҲǲμӿԵģģͽ꣬ѾأӦ·ûʲôýŵġ

Ȼ̣õҵԼλÿʼ⡣

һжϤ̣ԵҲԡԺû̫

ͬذԼ׵Ĵдȥ֪նͱϦ¡мҲ˶СЪƬ̣ȼ겢ܺúۻǾãԴ۵Щ

ѱį̄ݸֽ÷̨һǣͱ۾ָ̫ѨϢ

ûãվĹԱ۵ַÿϵٰѲݸֽһӦƷҲߡ

п꣬ţԺĴŴ򿪣˳

ڱȽǰͷȥʱͷյֻѾǵѻϣ۶ϽǷһ۾ͿųĽ

ʱ䣬Ҳųߡ

æ˰ֹԼſǱܹȥ

վŲˣɵýˣȴΪ棬ڽĻһһĵģʹ۵ķˡ

۸һ

æ˫§ס±˵ȥ

޲ѧ˲ƵĹ򣬵ܵǰʱҲ˲òˣֱӰѿԱߵСɣȻסûסڳСƨϴ£첻ˤغõģ᳤ԡ

ͻȻ´ˣ˱޳

ۿϾˣεصԼҪ޲޵ĶӣͿʼ𳿳ϲľٸ߸ߡ

˳ʱ򣬾Ϳ۶áֱЦ

£ЦŵҺҲûʲôʱɣ

˵أ˵ţɿԱķһۡ

Ц£̹Ȼǰڴ˴վˣó׼˺ЩóԵģǽҲһ죬ȥ߳Աġ

ۣȻû׼ô˵ˣҲþܾ

ϾȫںҳԷԻؼϢ

󹫲¼ȡ¼ȡʮˣΪ¼ȡһֻʮ˲ʸμһԣֹڴˣֻһθŬ

۵Ը񣬲һοԶѣ̫š

ֻطɺӶڣǵķӶˣû¼ȡʵ̫ˡ

ʹţҲ˼ڽǰֳ

һôʱ䣬ܿĵ죬û磬Һƽĸ̨ף㿴¼ȡ

ʧЦݰֻдţдȥˣҲǷ¼ȡ

ֲϸţߺߵֻ÷һȥˣ

ǣССͣ˳˳͵˸ԣͬҲš

һͬμӿԵ棬ƾʮþȵĺûʲôˡҲ뿴һȺ˻˹ȥ

ݰԲȦмһˣһȦˣڶȦʮˣȻӡ

֮ǰ͸켰ͨţһۿתͷߵĽǵһ

֪ǷġòУҪǳԼҶȥˡ

ϸһᣬŵڵڶȦ

ᴸһ£Ⱥ˸仹ѳݹȥ̿һ㸸ס

˳ĻӹԼҶӣһº󣬲תֻЩ𣿡

һ£һʱûӦǷ㻹ҪʲôȻȥκκóԵҶ߸µѣ

۴ǹһĨЦһ£أ

ղǷ׵ĳѿڵ

ֻǻһ˵ڣͺˣͷȥ۵۾

ʧЦԷڹƫ𣿡

ҲǡԼҷԽԽЩţҪ

̲סˣ͵ЦڽߵҲˣӦȥһĳɼ

Ļ֪ڹⶺԼ̧ͷһۺܿͻָƽı顣

ûжΪѾЦų߹

ҲЦӭȥʵˣ

ˣ˵ڵȦ

Ȧʮˣ⣬һԣȡŹĻǳ

ݰĵڶ죬ҲǰʮգҪʼڶԡ

սǿһصˣȥԺʱ̲סҲ֪֪ôģѸʱ䰲ڽ죬²μӿԵڹ̫̹𣿡

Ųźðɣ۲̫ͬ˵Ѿܱ꣬ܲ¼ȡ޷ı䣬ôɶԣܱȻûҪϰΣҪҪõöࡣ

սԼ뷨Ѱͬ

СҾС۸˵öһЩ

ˣսʼ磬ǿֲҿǾúþͺá

֮һĿԣ۴ӹԺͳϣ˵һȻȥʱ򣬲ŷսȻڡ

ǰϳСɣүأ  

ү̽׻ˣͣСɻصүһֱ

 














90  ھʮ  ¾




һ, ӺĿⲻܿƵķƮ˹ȥ

֪ΪʲôûɵؾЩĻ, ⴹ˫ֻȭͷ

Ŀ, , ͱųŲȥ, ѳݸ, ˫ֲÿ, Ȼ쳤ֱ۰ѽųһ§ܶԷʲô, ҸԱġ
  
ǵȻóȽıһҷһҺ, ҪǲҵĻ, ѵҪñ𣿡

ʧЦȴ˲, ˵ֻӦҲûжൣĲǡ

£ӹԺͱŴһ뿪ˡ

ϳϳС, ֻһڡ˵Щ强, ֶųһ, ͵˼ſڡ

ͣȺȥ, Ҫȥӱĳ֨ѽһ, ԱսҵĴű򿪡

վſڵսյ¹ŵյǰĵƣһѸյͨ

Ĺ£һ۾Ϳս˵ĳࡣ

Ȼסˣ͸սһμʱסʱһ

ʱѾ嶼̽棬˫ۻųݣûԼҷӶӵ˫־ˣԼϵĿⶼŲˡ  

ʶʲôתͷĿսߵײš

ҲĿһ𣬲ܿ¶Ȼ˵ı飬תͷսζԶ

ʱ練Ӧ˹ֽӹְѽ

վڵϺ󣬿˸ˣǽ컹һ¡

СɸӲŽլӣֻʣǼˣսȴȥҼ

ȥҼɣ۹ֵı飬²Ӧ֪Щʲô

֪ʲôԼ̸϶һЩ

ԱóԿףתȥš

ֻûսŵվں棬ζû׼ۡ

ɡ۰ѳݸӹԿסաһŴ򿪣ֻͷսǰ·

ŶáսӦ£ŵߵǰ棬Ƚݺȼ

ҲģԽԺ𣬾ںڰвɫشΧĻ

һֱ£۲ŵƬ̣ȥ衣

鷳ˮͺáֵ

ףҲûȥ裬ֻ˸һˮС˼ӷϣȻ֪϶û˻ԡ

ֿʵнĸ׿ǽ⣿

ǡǱų˫ҲܿƵսЩܿʶӻܣ·֣֪ġ

˵Ѱ֧ƵģʶԱߵһۡ

۹ǱŲ˵㣬黷סļøղŰѶӸŵľٶʵ̫ˣ˫ֱռţǽţҲȭȥԼġ

˿¶˼ĵһЦݣΪĸ׽硣

ѾԼ˲²⣬ǵɴ˫ۣŵô᣿

ô㻹ǰɣЦ£κ˽ֻǳΪĸ뿪궬죬游ĸ׸׳ˣǳ׵ĵڶ꣬Ҿͳˡ

죬Ҳ֮ǰòݵҪԭֻĸἰһСã˭뵽ĸ׻Сĸиı֡

ּ˵Ц£ӦҪһֲǡ

Щ촽ôȷҾһܣ

ҲȷϵģʧЦǿ֮Ҿ֪϶ˡ

˵ֵۣ϶Ҳôá

ʵ˵Ѿ˴𰸣ֻ˼ĸҵķʽЩ֪Ҫôദ

ֲ֪ûע⵽ĲڣǺԵˣǰЩ뿪˸ڰ游ĸƳǣոյǺúϢһ죬һɣǴּͣʱǼһɡ

ҡıһ˲ıֱļⶼˣԴŵܲܡٵȵȣ

ϵЦݵһЩ֪ҪһЩʱӦһ£Ҹ֮϶Ҳٵˡ

ʲô£˵Щ

ֵǰинҵ游ңԳĸ׵ĶӣȻò񣬵֪йĸ׵飬ĸϧѹʰŮУֻʱ䣬ʹĸȥ˲ٵĺô

ҲƲס͵վҧôң

ΪĶŵֱӲһ£¡

һֱû廰ֱʱſʵ֪һܣ

Ц£ؽͣǺܻ¶β͵ģο֮ǰἰиѵķɸҳмƣϴǸʱȥ̽ף֪׵Ҳս󣬾Լ˲²⡣

뿪ǣ游Ǵʡ

ǣֺܻ䣬ѾʧȥһŮӦܵƭ

ʱҲ侲Ҳ˵ףǽĸ׵ͷȥɹƭ£Ͳ̣οƭˣĸǸθ游ĸ

¶˾ģᶨصһȥǼ档

ȷշѸ˵Ķ˵Ϊϵı֣ھûϸʣʵҲϸʽǰ顣

ͬΪˣͰѻת۴˴βμӵԺϡ

˼䣬ѳۣɫˣȥ˵֣һ²ŵԷɡ

Щ⶯ֻҡҡͷ游ǶҼңҽҪǲȥ϶ᰤĸ׵ѵ

һֵڸǣԺһԷĻеǡ

˶٣ͷ

û£ҲҲûȥˣٹ

֪Ҫȥ˳ԷﲻԾ¶һ˿ֻۣǳ֮⣬ָսûз֡

۸͵ſڣ뿪ǰӻͳһɰݸʱ伱ûļ׼ʲôһ⣬͵Ҹļ񡣡

źɰֲԾãûܰ˵ڣֻлл

ûĿڣҲ˵ʲôҡҡֱ۵ռ

һߣսҲſʱ䲻ˣҲȥҲ䷹ˡ

Цҡҡͷ  

ص֮󣬽͵ȥ

ȥɣ۵㱧ųԱ˵˵

áͷӦ£֮ϴˣԱţһûз

ȿʼв˵ʱûסʣĸףô뿪ģ

촽ҧЩˣɬ³֣˽

 















91  ھʮһ    






˽, Щȣֲô⡣

ϾҲ벻ʲôԭ, ܹ͵ͨһŮ, ûٸκϵ, ˶Ҳǰ¡

̾˿, кõĲװ, ̧ͷͿһվ, 촽ҧѪ˿

ʲôæĶȥҪ°͡

ֻ̧, ſմŵѣֻա

ҡЩ㱵ػع˵ÿһϢڼ尾֮Сĸ׵, ˵һ˽, ˵һýϣŮҪܵͷġ

Ϊ, ûκȨȥ๸ĸ£ô롣

ҷж࿴ⷽڣǵףҪߵ֪Ű, ̽ʣĸ׵, ô

Уѻ˵, ۾˽ۣƭùһ, δȴĺ, ֻЦž˿ޣʵ̫ˡ

գգۣⷬôȫһ

Ŀڻﳿϣ£ĸסҲд

д۵ͷʶ˲塣

͵̧ͷ̹ȻĿ⣬оЩɿرƽ

ۿǵʧ˿Ž촽ʲôãҪҧԼҧˣҪô͡
  
ʲôͣղŵ£ƽ֮ˣԼҷ϶֪ΪʲôǣȴԸô˳˵жţһʱûӦҪʲô

游ĸҪ𣿵ʱ򿴵ˣ˵üë϶۸ˡ

৵һ¾ͺˣȥ۵۾ãüֻԼԼҧģ״һ

ȥˣ۹ÿŵ˵Ҫ游ΪҶʹüͥ㲻Һʹš  

㻹Ͻȥ߳ŭˣ

̾˿߻̨ߣʵҲˡ

˵ˣԼɣҸˡ˵껹غһҲܳѽѽҪֱӾȥš

۱֣ĻִһҪԵĶҲ࣬ܿͶһ

ཷǶĭ󶬹ʣµⶼ𣿡

Ҳ촽ܳ𣿡ͷҲ̧ʢ÷ָСװһ㷹Ҩ裬˼ӵһš

˵ĬĬԷԼ꣬Ϳʼι

Ҳû˵ʲôֻʱʱظ߳ˣȻཷ

뵽컹һҪ۰ԺҲˣϴһھطϢ

ڴ峿˯۾Ÿڷ﷭ҡ

ܿ˯ţСӣͷСʣʲô

ǡҵҪĶ߻شߣ˸ССĴƿ֮ǰҵҩ˵ܺãһ㿴᲻һЩ

ҧȷʵ̫ЩƿĿ⣬ûнӻҲûоܾ

۵͵ЦԱ߷źãȥϴ֣ʳָҩ

֪ҩЧ̫ûô£ڶվӵʱ򣬷˿Ȼ裬ֻǿȴˡ

ô첻ҧһ£ʱҲܵһͣЪǰܡ

ʱС͵͵۸ڿԹȥˣүдںԺͤȲ衣

ؾվ

Σʹϰ취ѳţֻҪжӣôԼҷɿ϶ȹ˼ӡ

˰ԼսҺ󣬾ֱȥ˺ԺСȻһ

ȵͤԶĳӱʱ۲зͤ˵ı飬Ǹسͤķ֪пˣˡ

ǴɣսʱӵҲüûˡ
  
˵߳ͤˣֽϹóҲԵɣٸһ¡

£Ȼпˣ۸ȻȥǵĿľ֮ͤˣԵͷͷǳȻظ˹ȥ

ﱧųͦñֱ촽Ҳһߣ۾ǶŽµ·ǰ

һ˵ӣͻ᲻ƿۣӶ¶ʲô

۲Ľţսǰ棬ûעʱڽı¡

ûʲô˲̤ͤһ죬žǱյص

͵̧ͷĿײһ𾪿ˡ

ϷһЩسһֻ֣㡭˭

Լĸ׼ΪƵһӾģ˫ۣҲɬúܣҽн

˵սϷۿҲˣԱߵ̫үɤЩʣ᲻ǡ

ʵһ˵ĳѾܹ˵һС

˾䣬ĸǣ

ĸ⣬ʵǡ游ĸ

̫̫ӦһͲΡΡس߹ȥˤţæȥ

״Ҳߡ

ýˣ̫̫һ§סҵĶ

˵ֹ꣬סؿҲŻ

ûױڵĸ֮䱾ͲֿԼҵˣҲŴ

̫̫۵ĿŻع˿ڴؿųʽǣ

ǳ˵һۣܵҷۡ

̫̫˿޵۹ۿãŵͷúúã

ʱҵ˲廰Ļᣬĸ˵ɣźء

̫̫ͷһۣ֪ΪʲôҸ游

Ҳղŵһμܣֽ͵ⲻʹ𣿡

̫̫һû˵ϲɫضŽͳƿۡ

̫үҪ̫̫侲࣬Ҹղ̫̫ȥʱ۸ּ˼񻥶Ҳס

̫̫˵ˣʣΪʲôûиһף

Ҳ֪ȥˣͷۣǷҲ˵

⻰ô˵ɫһݡȥ׶ˣʵҲʹûинĵܵܡ

Կ϶ǲТŮĺӣôˣûĻľֻǽˡ

ȭͷ߬ôҲû뵽ʱսĵͽӹһŮ˻ᱻƭһء

ҲǺ⣬ҧгݵĶӣȻܴһ𡣡

 












 
92  ھʮ  ĸ׵ 






̫үڼ, ˲²⣬ȷ˵޵ȻǺ޵, ҲֹȻ˵ĸо

̫̫ͬ, ֮ǰȥ, һ˵, ֮ǰϥ³лĽ, ͵һ, ֱϡ

죬ûܷӦ, ô᲻ǡû˵̫̫꣬ʶʲô͵ر죬Ǹεؿ˽һۡ

֪ʲô, Сͻ, ⲻǵ⣬ֻ̫ĸ˶ѡ  

վʶ˲, үҡҡͷҲǵһˡ

Ȼƽʱ˼ʽһ࣬Եǲϵ游ĸϤ˵Ը, ټڽӵĸо, һʱҲõĻο, ֻؿԼҷ

۳һ£ʵʽ, δҲһ¡  

˵עȻү˼, ֱ̫̫ӷʣΪô˵

֮ǰҲǣԼţҲǿһô۽͵

үԣ޶չ˲٣ʲôʵղ˵ҪۣͲ˵ˣʲô˼

ĸȥ󣬸׵ÿ£󲻵òѸӶˣȥϱ⡣µ;УҲһǳҷȻڼ䣬ҶԶ·ɽͷ˵̧һЩתͷһּۣǷǡ·ҡ

׶Ȿʹ飬ȴΪ۵ý԰ɣǺЦ˵

ںˣ˲ںүĿѣֱ硣

̫̫޵ʪˣҭͤ棬Ҳ

֯б۵ůֲôѹ㰲οˣڹúܺá  

Ǽ֮ǰս۸飬Ҳս֪Ǹͨ͸Ʊˡֻû뵽ô׾

ҲΪ⸱׾ģѶԷ׽ķΧƶһЩΪֻںʱ򣬲ŻЩɣ˵ܣҲĵĻ

ο˽һۣǰס̫̫ͳ̫̫ߵȥϸصòϣӦö࿴𣿡˵Ц£żٿȥҿҲҪˡ

̫̫ղ۵ĺŬֹ̧ͣȥڻĳ

֮ǰͿһֹסûãղ̸ּѹ֣̫̫ڿޡ

һеĺӣڽûޣҲǽŽ촽һһģǲ

̫̫ģĶһ̲ˮ

ͣ˿ֿԼҶӣ̽ʵҪҪ

̫̫һϲ־Ҫӣֻǻûѣ뵽ʲôʣ

£ҡͷֱӰѳŵ̫̫ĻЦ˵ĸǱˣôء

̫̫ˣȻůģҳȷʵһҲһ˫Ĵ۾￴ƣСҲץ̫̫䣬ǵ̫̫һĸεغ

ų˻̫̫Ȼƽࡣ

Щ飬֪֪Ҫ֪ģүӿ̫̫ȶòˣʽĸף˵ģ

ɼ뵽۵׵ƾ籩ѸپۼͬʱֵĵؿүӸ̫̫Ĺȡ

Ȼ̫̫ʵʱͻ˻ΣеַܿӦǿסӣ⳿ˤһŵҲҷ޳

״˿ͻȻףգΪηϲѳ

֮үǿ˽һЩ⣬Ҳһһˣÿνĸ׵һЩСʱ˶ø棬˵ĸйص顣

ȻΪ˲̫ǼһЩĸӼദ˵

֪䣬˵ĴҲһ˿΢Цүףĸװ̵ò

Ϸܶ࣬һЦһޣۿһֱǺŵģ˵ҲűֻϧǸûĵģôˣ㲻˵Ҫйͬˣ붼ûС

뵽ʲôӻͳһңݹȥʣĸһֱţóĶǰŽңζҪţǡǷʶ

֮ԲȷⶫǷĸ״ҴģΪܴĸֻƬУ֪ŵڣڿ游ĸĴţ۵Ķ¼˼ңŮ֮

үӸ̫̫һۣͽݹңĶ

ʴӵСӲһ̫̫ԭ϶ûôͣᣬһ¾ͱˣֱӷڳļ򴦣

үҲ߬׹ݺᡣ

ȺòƽϢүӲɤӵĸ꣬ҴȥԪƻᣬԼһУҪģʮǾûóΪŪˡ

̫̫̲סˣʵȻżȥʱΪβȻ˿࣬Ҹ游а취ôѡ

죬û˵뷨˽Ѿǰܻŷˣٴȥ游ܱסǲܷ¼ҿ϶Ҳɨء

ѾǲФˣٻȥͳǧˡ

ֹͣʱѾ磬ǳűʾˡ

̫̫ûӦʽôˣ

ҪԶˣ̫ͤӰ游ĸȥҼҳԷòã³ٷ˳ԡ

˵λʱԾ˵ζλþܾ

սҳȥүӸ̫̫֪סڶ棬̫̫ʲôү֮ǰˣ᲻˵ͻعͷȥԱߵһۣҵˣֱӰ˴ǣǵŪôƣʲôʱˣ

п˵Ե¼ңĸǼƣҪ˵ðģıˣ游ĸδػһݾߡ

ȵƳǺ־ãżȻ֪֮żȻҲֱӰ˴ȥ˽һЩ

̤Ǽ֮˾ֻŴԺϾٹ˼

̫̫ĿԺתһȦ󣬾ס˵Ķᣬ˼Զ

ۿЦŽ͵ͬڵһܽҲμԺԣ游ʦҲǸţլӺ󣬾ס¡

̫̫صͷ

 













93  ھʮ  Ҫôźã  




۸, ̫̫үӣԺﶼת˸顣

֪᷿˭ס֮ٿĶ, ̫̫ż̲ס΢΢ü, Ҳָܿ, Ҿ۸üӡ

˯, ط, ۾Ͱλ˸뵽, ̿衣

游ĸ˵˵ȥŪԵġ

Ū, ۵ˮܿպá

ȣһ¯̿꣬տˮ, Ե׺, ֻҪһŪõġ

Ǹƽʱ϶Ҳ˳ô, ֻ游ĸڣЩò, ûж

ʵ̫̫ϵ, ޲һ̲࿴, Ĺ˵ôĹأ˵̿׺, ŪɣǺȲ費, ɱųˣСӲܶ

ףȥѹóŪԵġ

׺ãˮտƬ̣۾Ϳʼ衣СͻĶˮʮƯ

ÿӶò裬۾ͷ²ȴûаѲ豭λˣǴӽѳӹι׺Ĺ

ۺĬ۲ֹԼҷ뷨ѳȥѣϵĲ豭Ǹүӣص游Ȳ衣̫̫֡

үӸ̫̫˶ŲֶЩ֣ò豭Ѭ۾Щʪ

λ˵ͷǳһں󣬾ͷ±ӡүӿŽǷ裬Ӧģֻǽʱִ٣ʲôûü׼ίˡ

ܼ游ĸõЦŵҲҪġ

үӸ̫̫仰Ｋ̹Ҳ¶Цݣܷϣ䲻СĶ

˵˻֪䣬үǱĲͼ˵ףæϡ  

ʶʲôүʱ򣬾Ϳʼעɫ֮ǰϸš

ɫظ۶һۣүӣ游Σ

үһڣ۵ŨʣζΪƷ

һ£ֲǰȹĶЩһ

ϲõЦۣǼպûһЩֲ裬ϲȻҪһЩȥϸƷ

үĳЩʵǸϸĵˣҴ̤լһֱϸ۲죬լӵĴСߵİ裬᷿ǰ滨ЩˣһʾţԼʵòԣ

ղŽⱭ裬δڣ֪ѵһĺò衣ʱĶƯֻǸģһòҲ֮е¡

òΣ֪ˣֿԼĻԼ˲²⣬Լ

ǣЦģЩСЩ趼ǷԼġ

˵̫̫쿴ĿЩյ˵ֻǽæŲμͯԣִųֲֻ˹ԼȵģȻܶЩݡ  

˵̫̫ˣүӣԶ۵òС

뷨ЩҶõĶˣڿԼ¶һϲ󣬾͸߸˵ģױһҪøԼȥȡ

ЩŮТ˳ҪĶҲֻҪ΢¶㼣󣬾ͻТ˳ǶϣղָоЩһ

ˣЦøӿϵƶչˣȴʪӦúúã

ҲЦ

ƽȻڲԹɫʵղⷬǴĵôǹֺãλ˿ģҲͬÿġ

ʱˣ游ĸĻ죬ȥ緹

ۿۻĶӣȷѾԱ˯˺󣬾ͰڽСϣǸضλ˵鷳ĸҿ³ȥ

ⷬΪʵʧˣпڣǸ׵ĳȥͰˣҪȥѿ˶

ԽЩż游ǣһ˿Ūõġ

үҪȥæĻЩ⣬Ҳñð˰֣ȥɡ

۶Щż㲻ġ

ֻʣЩԵģǸϽ׼ɡд游ĸҲ֪Ҫ׼緹϶ªæֲܰ緹ϵ̫һ˿϶Ҫæҡ

һĥܿ˺üǼĸױȽϰԵġ

߿ʼɵæµһүӵ뿪󣬺˿ڲ裬һֱڽû˵֣Σ

ڽ֮ǰҲһأҸһ󲿷ʱ򣬶Ǳ˵ʵش𣬡֮ǰ˵һܶˣΪֱʮϽ

ү΢΢ס

̫̫ǵĶԻߵﳿ˯СԱߣڳϰ˼£ŻͷƳүһۣߵһˣ黹Ҫȥ˴СΪΣС̬Ȳ֪𣿡

˵̫̫ĴǲԾǣһЩС˵ͰųԱ߿ţĶСǣҲҪʹ;ͣСȥҪȥæСˡ

ڰûǣҿΪǶԼˣŻôҳҲô

үεͻˣҲû˵һ˿ð

Ȼ۵ľٶǺܶӲеģԼҶ˭¿ˣӻȥ£϶˽йȥѵһ٣ԺС

·ԼķϣﻹǸ˽ûø³Ů˽ģʵϲּģ֤۶㹻ӡ

ֻ⻹ү֪ͬ۶ʱΪ˴ΣǷܹҡ

۸ܿ緹ãɫǽĸǰĿζģȻ˶Եúܿġ

˷ֿ̫̫֮ʼŽģƺ˵ĻҪʡ

үӵ֪ղſԺԣҲʼһЩѧϰϵ⣬Ҳһһϸشˣֱ˯ҪιԵĲͣ¡

ԱߵڻۿӰԽԽб̲ס廰游ĸϣǡڣñȥҼңһһԷһԲڣ

ô˵̫̫һۣյһˣô¶ˡ
  
ʵ۸ҲˣҹȥĻﶼûü׼

үӸ̫̫֣˴æӼ˵㶫ϡ

ǰְլӵԿ͵ս֪ҪףͰȥˣǽ֪ʲôʱܻأԿףš

һ˶ָ࣬Ϲһһ£ִսһ

̫̫Žͳһۺүӻһ

ǰû̫̫ڵ£үۣǱߣҪôźã

 


















94  ھʮ  ʧȥҪ  





үӻ, ֻû뵽ôʣһʱ㶣ܿ侲, ʼͷ˼

Ҳ˵ƭλ˵, ǰĽ, ڻ͵ǰ, ۿ϶ܷŹ

нСʱܹ۸, ɼĸ, һ׮׮һļԽԽޡ

үӸ, ӦҲǸһ

үӿ۴ۣüͷԽԽҲߴ١ԱһҲүӵ˻ȥ

תһ, 뷨ҲѾ͡

̧ۿү, ɫ˻µˣȻӦܵͷ, ½ֶ˽ƭĸЩ԰浽ٸšҾãЩ

Ŷ, Źүʡ

֮ܵɷĳ, Ҿ, ΪõҪһʱٴӸߴˤ, ӣ޵ġʵ˵

ڴĻϲ˵, ʹĴ֣֮ʧȥѾ˼õĶЩͲǡ

үüʧӷ緶

ӷ緶ͬӾӵʱסͺã۲ΪȻصڶԸС˵ʱ򣬻žΪֻԼԿˡ

û˵ĻǣǲˬˣĻԼ

һ£˵ֻ¸׶ѣҲֻܹԼ̰

үӱûҪ׷Źǣһֱ׷ʣҲֻ뿼УһΪ˴µҲǸسɹˣȻ֮ǰ̫̫Ҳ˵ĸ׹ȥˣΪʲôȥǵĻ

԰˵Ļһ£үӾ;ÿУȥչ˺СǸӣҪǵʱһǡ

۵뷨ȷʵʺүӳȥ飬ˬصͷӦ£ˡ

үҲףҾŻȥ˵ĸƳǵĵλãլӣ棬͸

Ц£үõúˣ϶ΪҪ͸ģϾͬΪ֣ƳˣҼҵСˣ˸ߵĶ;̫̫լٶ

ЩѾ֪ˣһ֪ʱ˦ڽһİơ

Ϊүķɣ۲ö˵ʲôͬǿ佱Ļ˵

Գһ£ԵֻһլӸ棬ҪҪһҸ׵ݣ

ֲûǸ۽磬ЩԹˣүΪ֪ԼǲԼɥɽף͵Ļ˵ѹοֺּҲ֪ǲĸ飬֮ǰĸȻٶණڴδլЩ

ûҽӻ֪ȻûլЩǮֵǮĶҲ˲١ļ˵ǮȷʵҪĶˣǱƭĸо

ãѾϸڶһ飬ֱǰͣ£Ŷͣ

ǲ˻ţĸһѾſڵš

ͦȣȥȻۣһүӷ

үתʱۼ£⼸ռҸæҪϲֻܻĸڼңĪ֡

Ҫ۵ôæҲûü׼ʲôܵĵطҪ½ǡ

⻰˵꣬ûסЦ£ٿ֣ҲͬЦ˶ãղŵĻ̫

Ц֮󣬱ñ˴ܸ֮˲١
  
߿꣬ȥǰͷ̫̫ѾֵĸŽڿޣ̫̫ҲԱ涡

۸ֶһۣǰȥȰĸףȥסĸ

ү̾˿óһ֮ƣ˵ſվţҲӡ

æᣬкȥͬʱһС˵ˡ

Ÿĸ׳üΪƵĸ˼ΪֹԶҲ޵ҲĽ֮飬ĸҲܿġ

ʱѪԵ֮ôǿ󣬼ǰδ֮ҲѸϤС

ǻгڣܿ͸ĸĸĲĻ⣬ּ곤ĶӣҲһֱΧڳԱߣ۰Ͱ͵Ҫܵ档

֪֪˿ˣΪԵʣֵĸƽʱҪһЩ

۸ųһүӾǼȥ鷿̸顣

ĸĸһ׼ϵ硣

ҼϰߣʵҪԵĶǽȥģֻǽ⣬̫̫ȥЩóԵģһɴԼ֡

˶࣬ȫõĳûչˣרĸ游鷿̸顣

ֵĸʹۼ俼Եº󣬾ͰѻתƵ˽ϡ

ֶ۵ͷ˵ˣ˭Ե±Թˣ־һͬ뷨Ҫý丸׸ۡ

۶ԺԣԴ׵ɷǲİүӸ־͸˵ˣϤģֵĸףΪٶ꣬йİӶ֪

ְ֮ǰ˵ļƻһ飬丸꣬΢һЩڼ۸һЩ˼棬ǳʱ˶ļƻѾǳү͸ţѾдãֵĸҹͳ

֮ļƻҪ֮ʵʩԾʱŵһߣһ˿ĵع˸Բڡ

Ⱦ֮Ѿ졣

̫̫綼סֻǳСû£ڱ𴦹ҹҲ㡣

Ϊýܸ˳ףѾүϵϢǿ϶й¶ȥġ

˵õҵˣǼ˾ãʱ仹ٽӴһЩΪҪ棬ҲòҪڼֱӼ

Ϸһ˳ţ籧ųصЩˣǶҪﳤסһʱС

ҡͷεصܾסڳϣĸҪĻվͿԸĸһȥкѾסڸﲻҲֻҹȥѡ

һۣ챾Ҫȥʱ

֣

ſ˵һ˰ɣϷ˸ŷŽһ
  
һȻϻǺ˷ܣʵƣ

û֮Ϳ۵Ϣ

һֱ˯ĳһŽҲû˵

һֱѽĸ͵Ķж£ϴڴϣŰѽǵļƻ߽

ڰУöû˵

֣һ˳ֹ㸸׿϶Ҳ

Ӧãͷ۵Ļֻ游ˣҪΪЩġ

ۿͷʵ廨Ҹо游Գ֣øĸ׵˸ۡȥĻֱ׳ТֵͷҲ֮ڣЩѡ

   



















95  ھʮ  ˲ 


е, ۵ĻＷ˼Ϥøİġ

̲סո游ĸϺ֣Щǰδ, ů, ǰ붼ġ  

Լµʲô, Ҳز˵, ֻ˽§ڻ

֪˶, §˵첲, ˺Ȼɣû˯š

̾˿, ĸĸ˵Ҫôڻ˯ľдǣ

ҡ˯šӡ

ΪΣȻܵ飬˯϶, һ˼, 뵽ĳ£ڽ»Щ, ʾҪǡ

У˵ܾ꣬˷֮꣬Ѿûʲôɬ, Ұһֱϰ, ȷʵʧΪһʧߵĺ÷ֻĸϵʱ, ̲סöգӬ, ȥĸ·ϵʱĸҴϵˡôġ

, ںڰУٶֵͳЦ

æס죬ߵͲø㡣

ҲЦˣſҡ

һֻ˳ƾʹ۵ļϣԴҲһ߼򣬼ʮ㣬·ֻҪҷ˵һֵ֣ٶȥ

Ҳ³ѳ˾û˯ˣҲѹɤôشģ

۵Ĳϲ˲䣬ȥһЩ͡ʵ˵İ֮ǰ˵ǰ㣬ϵ˿ڣʵ̫Щʵԭ˵ĸҲ;ﲻô飬ܱΪʲôֵҪá

һûһ˵Ż𽥻תϣעҲűתƣ游ĸܿͺЦ˯˹ȥϾһڣҲȷʵˡ

ڶһ磬ͬʱ˹ϴ˾ʹųš

ڸһζ˵㶫˾Ϳʼ˽Ĳ򣬵ġˮЩҪ룬дĸǣϾմæȻ˶ٳԵТλˣޣվǾżªЩ

˲պšȻص𣬲֪ΪΣܾЩ˼ѾףĸֻǹͣûҪرܡ

Ц£޹أǰգѾԼˡ

˵ѵؿһֵۣô꣬ʲôԸ㻹֪ܲ

ˣ۵ףո졣

˺۸æʼ׼

۴ɨͥԺѵˮڳֻԼСҡ˫ػصæµ·ʱᶺһ£˭ûҪļ

ԼĪʱң·ͣ£ű㴫Żߵľŵ졣

æ𳿳һȥӭӡ

游ĸĸѾѾ߸СˣæŴ°ᶫſѾһѣȴδֹͣ

۸ſǳ⣬滹һװ

һţָ̫̫˰Ѷ㡣

һ£ŷӦǰס̫̫ĸ첲ʣĸǣ
  
˵֮ǰס£լû죬Ҹ游￴Ӧǻûüöɣ̫̫һһߵʹ˾٣ʱŷûʲôͽĸһȥתȦЩϡ

ҡЩᣬȷʵ̫̫˵ǰ㣬ǰլӺ󣬾ûùʲôһæ׼ԺԣִųûʱﻮЩܾãȳȷϱ¼ȡٰլҪĶ룬ðࡣ

ֻĸǶѶˣ϶ܰѺ˵

Ϊǲ˼ôණЦЦ˵լӣҪæһЩģﲻˣĸҲܿ㣬ֻϣѡĶܺСǵۡ
  
ۿЩȣĸѡĶǿ϶ϲġ

Ը˰ѶᵽڽںúҲŲ鿴ֻۻнʼļҳ

֮۸ƻеǰ㣬Ȳ裬죬˳Է

һֱүûȥˣŵЩСԼȱʲô˹˵һǡ

ѾˡΣĸ͸ǵЩûüء

үӹĵЩյŸϹӣӦҪ˼գԽһСʱǼˣ⡣

׵ġֻ֪ʱģΪı£һ뵽ӲҪϵ˷ֿܼ棬ǾЩܡ

үӲҲͬ᲻ã͵ʲô£Сǣ㸸ײʶ

á

̫̫ųãүӵĴߴ

֮գûټ棬¾ڼĸĸ͵Ķ

缫Ϊϸģ͵ģԲƥоӶ࣬Щʲô˶Ķ

ڶչƾ̫̫ˣĶǼȱģİڼˡ

߰죬־͵͵սң۸ͨĽչ

ۻǽӡ󣬶ǳȻܸսΪѵģƹﶼЩѵԸ񣬵˿ͤȲģ󣬻Ǿȵһʱ˵

ֿ۸к˽ͤ

˸һ裬ָԼĲ豭ȻһſССʱ򵽵׹ʲôĹӰ

ߣʹŲµʲô飬ʣΪˣ

ֹҡҡͷһŰĻ˵ҾûôҪˣ游ĸȥ˼լӣβͶҪȥˣҪԺҵͷ£ҲҪñǿ׿ˣɾżײҼ˵ģǻѧࡣ

һ£֪ƾԼҷ游õģȸϣ

ֻԽ˽⣬ò֣ǻǿ㣬˵Ӧõ˴Ӹߴµȷʵ̹ҲҪھʲô£׹̸

İɣ游ǿţ˲ֵҲĻܽ

ϲۡ

Щ̣۲ӣΪ˵õ游Ķðֻ˵ԼǸ׵檣˳˵̰סȻǸһ𣬶Ҳ׼ĸ

ǰʱ䣬ǴĸҪǮ͸Ů˸ѾߣѾѾΪĸã˲Ϣ˵ͣ

Ȳʣʲô

ֶһ£һЩ㸸ףԼŮ飬ͻ֪

ʲôֻʱ˵ҲʣҪ˼վ֪

Ȼ죬־ͼææǼңûƽֱȥ

 













 
96  ھʮ  Ӧ 





һ, ץԱ۵䣬ŵؿ֡

߰ɣٶȿ㡣ַԸͯ, ų۸˵ͷ, Ů˵˲ٵ顣

ʹʲô𣿡΢侲һЩ, ԽĸڵĴ, ܲĸʹİ, ҲӦͲǡϾһӵ, һУΪýõĸ͵լӸӡֻҪʱסԼլȥ, ĸ׼ͷ檵֣ڼﲻǵĸĳ⣬ʱס

Ц, 緹ʱ, ĸ˵Ҫĸ׽ܸңǼûҵŮ, Ҳûչˡ

ۣ

ڲ֪Ӧÿĸǣ˵Ů˲˽Ů˵ġ

£ҲЦҡͷ϶ܲŮ˸һ˽׸, ЦǼ׸Ƶ, ؼʱ, ܻӦĸģЦҵ顣

ҶԽЦ˵, һζɫջִࡣ

һ˽, ӶϵŮˣӿ֪

Ҳѹֻ̲ס˵

һ£ʣǵŴҵ˵İɣ

ȻǣֵںԺѾ˵ġ

˵ͣһ£س۸գգۣɵǽҸ˼ͣȥ԰·ϣɶˡ

۸˿ﶼףôɵ¡

ǰͣ£־к۸Ҵ˲һ̤ţķ򣬽˻ĸ游ҪŮ˵ķԷĸ顣

δûסŲ˶٣üͷҲ

۲ҲŷŻŲֱųһֻ˳ǣסġ

ϵ¶ýعֻǼ򵥵ǣ֣û˵ȴãǱע޵תͷ۵ķ򣬴ǸһĨЦ

˼ǰүʵ˵һ̶ѣǰЩնദúúõģΪͻȻҪ㣿

۸һۣǰҲͣסŲͷʹ˸ɫȻĬؽ¹˸䣬ٳķߣƫЩ

˸䣬˼ͨŷ쿴ĶҲĶԻ

Ĭôã¶һΪĸ׵Ѳ˸ϵ

˿ûסЦ£Ϊ֪ĻˣŻ˵ûӵĻȻҲ룬ݣ֪Լĸױôܺƽദôʱ䡣

Ȼһ˲̫̫ʵ˺£Ϊ㲻˵

˻ĸ׵ҩƺƶﲻ˵ֱû֤ݣԲ˵

̫̫˳ĻʵȴǽЦ֪𣿡

Ҳ֪Цæҡͷ  

̫̫檣ıĸδãԼ˵ɡ

Цûһ˿顣

ľģŮ˸ô꣬ĻӣԼʱˣһ˫۾ݾؿŽЦƬ̣ͻȻЦˣүôȥʹԸ𣿡

ЦüɥĲķӣҪ˵˵Щʲô

Ů˰޽ǵͷ쵽ЦȻүһ𣬻ҩ°

ԣһ˲㼱վֱӣ뿪͵ķ϶

µǣǣŵֻ֣ŵؿŽ˷ǣֲ˵

ãƽ飬һ۵֣ҡҡͷʾԼû¡

ٰ˼תȥʱѾӽβͰ͵ع̫̫涵صĸһҪҸĸ

̫̫ÿɷ

ŮˣݺݿϷ˵ķ򣬺ڵģûĶӸһŪ

ģض£Źµƣ̫̫ķŲ˵㡣

Ҳ̲סˣҲȷʱȥӦûʲôˣͳֵͷţǿϧˡ

䣬ЦŮˣͶһֵؿ˹Ȼû

ǰߵ̫̫վңҶûüλʧˡ

󻹸Ÿ֣Ļ֪үӸ̫̫֪һУһ˲ɫòҰס

̫̫֮ľ̫۲ģͰѳţԼվڽǰʲôҲܼʱš

үӸ̫̫Աߵ򸾣񣬶дżϧ֮ǰô粵ҿĶһ

ͷ˻۳޵ؿ̫̫Դһʼ֪һУȻôã

ޣûס˿ڣЩɥˣƭ游ĸҪǱܵķظպǲμԺԣܽҴǵҰġ

μԺԡǺЦĿԹŻͷĸ૵ǵôûŪٶȻĻЩ¡

ü

ֵĸҲȥˣһʼԱߵͬţ˹ֵλУλֶˣΪò֣鷳ָˡ

ܴ˵жˣҵǲң⣬־ܷġ

˵ſŵ֣ܿ˴۽Ц˶˼

ٿˣûָֻ丸ףԼۣλͳţͬʱλ˻˽Цˡ

˻ʱ򣬾Ϳ̫̫Ľűߣ籧ţﾲĵģ˭û˵ǱոȾʵʵ绳Ҳ֡

үȴƳ̧ͷʵ㸸أ

ܴ˺һȥˡ

үף̾˿ĸ׵£ҲĴڴ˼ܵͷ͹ˡ㡭𡣡

ʵûĸ׵ҩǻˡ

ϥ£§סļ򣬰οĸҲġ

Ҳ̲סžžવؾͿʼµ

һޣԱ̫̫Ҳ̲סˣæҵغߺǱߣ󳿳Ҳʼڣʵؿ޸ͣ

һʱھǿͣЪʱ򣬲˿޹һЩѹһҲڶˡ

ֵĸ׿ţЦ˵кܿЦޣıޣָһıӣɵš

ı֣ټðıƭǮƣͬš

ڽĸףıĸ׵ııĸĸԱУﵱ

۸ûȥſаֹϢʱԺ˽ˮ

ֻܿͻָ顣

Ϥɷһ֪ЦУеñȽصˡ  

ֵã˭˵̽ʽŵϾͻߣ㡭Ҫȥһ𣿡

ȥҲ͵ԺԷҪȥ¼ȡ

   


















97  ھʮ  ԺԳɼ  




ܵζ, Ҳͽҹ²ᣬתƻ⿪ʼ̸ġ

۲ģĶ࿴һ, ɫȷʵûʲô, ż̸, һ

ʱ, ־ǡ

ҲƽǰԷɡ

, ֵ, ԺԷǿ϶Ҫ, ҾͲˡ˵ý۴ųȥǼҳԷֻ뵽첻ûб¼ȡ۸϶а, ְѻ˻ȥȥ˵һ, ԷԺʿ¼ȡ˵

ҪȥҲû, һͳţͻţ֮һԷϴƽʱûκβͬ

һж̫ƽ, ƽЩ

ϴͷ, Էʱ, Ѿں峿˯һûһµڳ, ﻹ

۰ѷȡϿһ, ͵˯˾Ͱͷȥɡ

һ£Ͱѳ棬Լм£Ҳû˵ʲô

վſһֱĪؿŴҲɵϣһڶǺá

£͵ҸоЩۣ˯ˣ϶һ³

£ںڰ˿ȥ˸§ڻ˯ɡ

һͣ˵ֻ±˴ǳǳĺƬ̣ĺͱ೤۶˵˽⣬˯ˡ

ֻϢ󣬾һֱڵǵ㵣ǣڿûκϰ˯źȻ˺ܶ࣬δ¡

ֵãȷϻ˯úܰȣŷԼҲ˯˹ȥ

ǼŽ⳿£˯̫

֤û˯̫ȷѡ

Ժ䣬ƺг͵˹֮

֮⣬·߬ĸо

˲һ飬æĽĺ󱳵ѡ˵̽½ͷϵǱ޽ǣȻһʪ

˼º󣬽˷ǵûѣ޵ˣںڰҲԡ

°ѳѣʱһŪùֻӴһЩѽҡ

ԵɵɵۣЩãȻôˣһڣɳƵɤԼһ

˾ͺã۴ͷ˸ӳ۽޽ǵᶼɺֵʪ˵ͷϣոڿޡ

ʱҲѾξлعˣпضźڰеղţεĸˡ  
  
һεĸʲô

ЩƮо䲻ʵһ˵ҪˣԺúùӣТ游ĸ˵˵ɤӱøɳƣҲϴ˿ǻ˵Բңûչ˺ңҲûܿҳӣҡôס

۵Ҳͬɬɬһᣬһˣĸ϶뿴

ȰãһȰ͸̲סˡ

Ǻڰװ˵Ŵֻŵģȫˡ

㿪۸ӣͷۻ޵øӷ

۵Ѳһ˲䣬ͱ̵͸ʰҲţһֱĤ

Ҿ͡һϣ֮󡭡Ͳˡ

á˿ڽıŰ

ֱˣֳ˯ȥڶʱѾ㴲ǷģҲɿԸܵĿİ׹⡣

͵⿴ֿۣţȴۣʣΪβ𴲣

û˯ãʱ򣬿˯øԾûС۽͵

ĿϰݣǺǰ˵˵ģҪһȥ

شϼţ˯ͷ˯ͷ£뿴ĻǿԳ緹ȥ¼ȡ˻Щֲı䡣ȥҲһЩü

ȻûĶȫ˭ҵĶ˿֮󣬲㿴¼ȡȻôôˣδţ

һʱǴˣ˯ͷĻԼֻʱԹ䡣˻͵ȥ
  
Ҫ˶ã͸ûˣ˵ұ¼ȡˣȥҲ޷ĻûҪˡۻϿ˯Ѿһأ˵ˣһȥ

ôһ˵˵Щʲô೿һ

ͻȻôʱ䣬ȻŷԺԷ飬ȫȻˣ춼ˣӻ˯顣

£תھεذѳڻ̹ԣʹ𴲡

оͲٺˣһ˫ںڵӣֱת

Ҳ𴲣ϾǴˣһҪԶҪϴ裬һ˿϶æ

Ѻ󣬾ͰѳۣſʼԼͷᵽһ룬ͻȻʲôɻôҲ

ûѣϣûѣɼǶжԣ֪Բܴ˯üû˵ǣ콫ǻȥѾιԹһζˡ

СӤôÿҪܳʱ˯ߣԱû˳Ȼ˯ðȵġ

һڣȥˮ׺ֻˮﻹûϴư֪ôˡһůͬʱҲûҴۡ

Ѿϲȥ۸ϴŪ緹ҲͲżˡ

Լ˵꣬ڸιԺ顯żٱ

۸һۣ˾һȥţӦˡ

˻ζŻǷ¼ȡϢĻȥһţҲԼҶûгԱ͵Ҹһͬȥ

ʱҲЩţûѽҪȹų

˶ɫصţվſʱһŰϵľ˨£š

Ŀ͸ŵײš

ˣ۸£ʣ游ôˣ

游ĸĸҲڣŵ֡

̫̫Ƴ۶һۣƽʱͦڿôʱ򣬻˯ͷ

ȻǷ˯ͷˡ

̫̫ע⵽˫δ˵ĺʮԣһ֪޹ʶʲô̤żתƻ˯ͷ˯˰ɣǸСۿɼˡ

Σŵ

̫̫үӣүӸ˸룬Цŵ㲻ʮ

 



















98  ھʮ  ͵Ǽױ 





ԺԵʮ, ˵ȷʵһܲĳɼͯؿ, ԵԺ, βֻм, ൱ȶ

¼˵, , ſȡŵĹ, ȻƽӹҲ˳ɫǸС

үôһؿ, ֤ĺϲۡ

ۣôţЩΪ顣ΪܾãүӸ̫̫Ŀ, ƽ￴ԹԳһʳ, οĪơ

Ҳ˷ܵ۵, ﳤڣ룬Ҳû̫ܵĶ

ǴϢ۸;ûбҪȥˡ

ת, ү˸Ķ, 游ĸ, ȥɡ

ѳݸۣԼת, ȥݲ衣

żιԶ̫̫ε

۸ɻضһ, Ȼһͬ򳿳ŷ֣ԼҶӲϻϵŸˮǾȻմһ׺ǳԶԵһģ

һ֮󣬳ֳͣݲˮҲѾںš

үЦŵԺԱ¼ȡС۾ˣլѡò֮ȥѧԺҲ㡣

֮ǰʱ򣬾Ѿ⿼ǽȥˡѾȡŵĹ˵ֻƽһŵ

һʼʱҸĸҲСЩүӼʱĹ۲죬Ǵûֽ׶ΣǼ˿Ҳ򵥣֮һ꣬ͬڵСסҲסùġ
  
ͷүӸ̫̫һʼסĵطô⣬Ȼû˵ֻҪǴֵˣͶ֪Ͼڶ͸ôĶ

ֻЩףΪʲôүӻͻȻ޵ؽһ󣬾ͼȥ

Ļ̫̫˵ǰЩΪýǵΣҸ游ĸҲĿ˲ٵլӣֻãҲֻ򵽼仹㲻棬լȴûп۵ġҸ游һ£Ȱ⼸ȸǡ

۸ιĶһ٣游ĸĺˣֻΪûТʲôôôණҪ档

ԶһЩΪ໰Ҳ۷˵游ĸλõģڸǣҸˣÿҲʣ

үӸ̫̫磬ϸĵˣοǶԽϵˣһֱġȻҲˣķҰֿҵˡ

ֻվڲͬλã뷨϶ͬ

Ǿò˼˼̫ĶүӸ̫̫ȴǣҪĺöԼ

Ҽ֪Ƿ˸ƣǻʶãиĺöӹûеһЩ

̫̫Ц˶ۣߴͣɴǣ⼸͵Ǹļױˡ

׳ɣ۸ٲþܾۣմҸļױʼնŮӸ˽˲ƲǼ㲻óãҲǺġĶǷҲûлؾĵ

ЩᣬүӸֻ̫̫˾䣬游ĸ

ɵӡ̫̫ЦЦʹ˸ɫ

ֱߵĲķ˱óƵǰ⼸ӱⶼȥ˱⼸ҲѾȿţʲô⣬Ҿǡ

֪游µӣ˼ԭҲһģΪ룬Ͼǰڼĸ׿Խ̶顢ȵȺܶණûѧϰôܼӡ

͵ģǱˮţҸòСֻ뵽ȡŵĹһ¾͵ɷĸٰҿ£ҸҪһ¡

ǰŵԺԳɼҪһϼҵģϾڼʹڳһиҲû˼Ҹô¡

Ѿܾû۹ˣӷɿתţ֮ǰôƻʱǾüǱ¼ȡҪڸǶ飬ҲĽųһ˶ԻҴһˡԵʱ˵Ҫһȥȫ׵ˣһٹ

游ĸĸһҶڣ۾;ãûҪôڣ飬ҿһ˻ȥţڸǣࡣ

ҲŸ͵ǰСҪǾøڼҹµȥҼסСۻܶ游ĸ

ʵһܺõ飬ǶԻûĳ˵ӾٹɣرҲ۵ģϻصִ︮Ǻ󣬳գÿն˯

һţֻԼ֣ҸһȥȻȥĸҲ١

ִ⣬Ҳö˵ʲôʣǴʲôʱߣʱ̸ɼǻȥ

ۣ۳һµӦں죬ͬ£ҲҪȥʱһߡ

֮˱㿪ʼҪȥĶҪıǳõģξۿȡŹ⣬ĳҲҪһЩƻǻȥʱڸˣҲװ¡
  
˵˵ţ˵ǼһЩҪʰ

˼󣬾͵ǵĺĺرóԣۣǱĵطûеģʱǶһЩ游ĸĸ
  
ٺóԵĺɣվҲֻǸɶѣ۾ûԹҲ֪úģүӸ̫̫˵ʲôϡĶ

ֻЩǽȫһˣ᲻̫࣬ҪҪǱҲȥæ

һ֣̲סʧЦ绹ҪȥԺ顣

±¼ȡŲֺͬսǣۿĵڶգͿʼϿΡ

ţҪʮѮſʼϿΣм仹һµʱ䡣Ͼ֮Ҫڸǣ˶ҪȥѼ鰲źãûʱôŪù

һһҲˣ϶ϲġ

ʵү˵֮һ궼סǼҵʱ۾֪϶Ҳڱ¼ȡڡ

˻ˣҲӦùһǡ

ֻǻû˵˷ܵصС۸磬ǵʮ

ϲΪˣȻһȡʮˣʮ㲻úõĳɼ˵ѾǺֵýˡ

һ£ʣأ

ǵһӼˡ

үҲЦŶ۵˵ͷǺѲ˸СԪ

ˣүӿ佱Ļֻǿ佱ްĽ֮飬ﲻɸӸж 














99  ھʮ  ش  




游ĸ, ۸ҪԼף˻үӾ͵ǺߵĻ, Щھ͸׼, ҸĸĸȻȥ, ٹһ, Щ

һӦ᲻, ۰Ͱ͵صܵȳ緹𣿶ҵȻʰ, ĸڵĻҲܰǿų

, վҪҴˣȥ֮󣬼ôҪ׵϶ҪЩʱܻ, Ȼ뿪ǰ, Щʱ游ĸǴһ

ĸ˼Ҫö࣬ôһ˵, ҲúеҸ游վĸͱȥǻȥˡ

Ҳȷʵ࣬Ұȥ, ֻ, ʱֽ, ̫̫ô˵ʹ뿪, ǡ

΢΢, 游ĸദҹõİţֻǲûжԺ䣬ҲûжֿԷ̶ϣĸ˵˽ӻȥҲû

ĸֲûãҲţ˵ҪȥðһЩҪϲܻء

˶ֻ֮ʣˣһڡ֮᲻游ĸ˸᲻õǳ

үӸ̫̫غų˻ͻȻʲô̧ͷ۸ǲҪȥʰôô

ۡ

һ˲һͬǳ鷳ˡ

ȥɣ̫̫˰֣Ҹ游ˣܿһô
  
۸û˵ĬһǰһԷ

աһϵһ㶣ͷСǣ

۾ôŽЦ

Цʲôߵ۵ߣ˫ֱס۵Ҳ۵ţ֮ǰûü˷ܣ̫ˡ

۴̧ͷԼ˫ﾡǳݣپȣ̲סŻеֱԷתȦ

һ뵽游ĸ⣬æסѿڶľ

˫վʵʱûü˵ʲôѹɤʣ𣿡

ģص¡

Ժŷˣ۵ͷǼűǼ⣬һŬģȡ÷ܹϾ˷ɡ

˸˫ֻ۵ĲӣѾˡ

ۡŶһЦʵǿԸңΪʲôһҪŻش𣿡

齩һ£㿪۵ߣҡ㡣˵ſ§ס۵˫֣һβƵģ۵Ļ濪ʼʰ

ҡҡͷЦŸȥӱ¥°Ҳڻ˵ļϣߺߵ㲻˵Ҳ֪Ϊʲô

˵һ£Ȼ֪㻹ʡ

ۻҪǾãǼױġŵڵıүҲǸſŵ

ϰ䣬̲סüס۵죬ü˵Щʲô

ʼ磬ֻһЩ
  
£ʧЦ˵֪ΪʲôҪŻȥûв¶ԡ˵۵ļʾ߿㣬ʰ

΢΢һѹϣѹɤʵΪʲô

֪Լҷǹô˵òɴǲܲסڻôƣǿֿ˼£ʵҾȥôҿҵķж

˵̧̧°͡

ۺټ֣ɼĴĵøˣҲϡòУֱӾŻ°͵Ķ䴽һ£ôôɰ

գգһ£ʹƿЩתװʰ

۾ԱվţãǱߣ͵͵һ䡣

ɰݳġ

һѶʰһٳȥʱֶƽǷصģ

ʱ䣬游ĸչ˳ĸһҰæﱸҪˣֻʰԼĶԼҴԺܿͰһж׵ģʱ仹Ҫࡣ

ǰδеٶȣ۸ɣǶᵽˣгĵĺô

ȥҴϣ游ĸĸһңһ۸ǡ

̸ǻȥһЩ£˾Χ۸׼ȷ˵ӦΧų·һЩû£ųˡ

۸֪Ҫô˵źãֱ˵ǶϲϿ羰Ҳ֪˭ţֻܵͷӦ¡

̫̫˵̸˵ǻȥǼ˶ܸɵģĻҲɣʱǸһׯҡ뵽ˣЩˣѶãظǡ

ãɵصͷһ£εؿŶϵ游ҲĸסЩʱգٵҴˣٻȥ
  
̫̫Ц˵㲻õģҸ游˾ȥˣ˵Ҫٻȥ

ڲŸ£볿»½ʱ䣬ǻҴ壬Ҳʮ³ͻǣһ㣬λദʱ䣬ͻһ£˲ˡ

߶߶˵һЩصĻүӾͿˣˣǸϽ߰ɣȻϵסĵطҪǴڻĽҰˡ

̫̫᲻ãһҪڻĽҰ⣬ͰѳۣǸϽ߰ɡ

ʧЦһֱųһŽ˵ע£

ûȣ𳵴ӣ˸ԴȥЦ뿪ˡ

ֻ游һҲ飬˻֣øϳߡ

ĸ۴ȥֻһڣһϣԼ

·۸飬ʱԶ

һǰǴҴȥǣΪ۸ϸǰ̡

û뵽һµʱȡŵĹҲ˵ظϡ

·ΨһֻгǸԹɣõĴ̡

һ˶ż࣬ŵִϡ

ǲʲô·һЩ࣬ȴ֪ǵִǰ죬Ѿſڵˡ

ҲһԤ׵˸СԪչǻӭӵģϵ˻ۿ

ЩͬеˣҲܸſһЩ֡

ֻ۸ôû뵽һɵòеĳȻһʱҵضһ£ŷ۵Ļ޵⼸ϵ˶嶼岻ס

۹źһ·Ͽ϶ٲøϳȥкȻ˸䣬ֱӾͻشˡ

Ҵ岻ô֣õõϢҲѾõ

Ǵһӳţĳ˵òУôСڴڵţһʻ룬ȥˡ

۸׼СΧɢһǹ

ӦһȦҵĹϲŵ

ڻص֮ǰĿΧȺɨһȦͻȻ뵽ղҵϲʱΪʲôЩʲô

룬סʣǡ

û˵꣬͵´ﲡˣһ⼸춼ڼš

 




















100  һ  ˵ 




۸һ, һʱɫЩ̫ãͷ֮󣬾Ѹٷ, Ҳøϳ˸, Լǰ, ǣߡ

Щ, ǳ´Ĳ̫, ¼ôȫڼ, Ҫ֪ڿյļڣӻûȫ, ߰˰˵ĶҲҪա

խĵ·Ϸɿǰ˳¼ſڣûͣȣ۾ֱ

, ųҲҪ

ۼ״æȻؼ, ȥ´ͺá

εǰԿ׸ûҲزȥ

۽Ųһ£ոʵЩ, Ȼû뵽磬ֻȥѳ  

ԼַԸϳ˰ϵԼԺǱȥ, ڳ¼ſڵš

۱ƿ˳¼ҵĴš

̤Ժӵʱ, Ҳǡô, ǣԭǳݵһϲ, С۸ˣ

۱ų, ߵԺм䣬ûݵš

ͻȻʲôæԺɣ졣˵ʹ˸ɫ˼ѵӹȥ¡

·Ҳﻹˮۺͽϲˡ

ǫһ䣬ʣղڴڵʱ˵ﲡˣ

ǡ崹ͷɥ

ȥ´

ȥɣųȥӵС𱻹˲

ǰ磬ǲŲ˵ģֻҽѧˮƽ͵ö࣬ȷʵСմϲ֮ģȷױȵֿǿĴҪ

˵ͷͷϢһ

ȥ´ˣֻǹϵ£ĸҴ⣬ԹԹӦ£ڵûж

۸ڳͳ·ĺ棬˳´ķ䡣

ССڴţǽվȥóط

һ۾Ϳڱĳ´ԭɫףϵҲӰݣ뿪ҴʱȣࡣҲǰ

´ѵسһЦݣСӻˡ˵С֣ʾ˰

ۿֻϣͰ͵ƤŹͷ¶ͬ

оЩܣС֮ǰ˷ſڴϡ

´Ҳ࣬Цɴ飬Ҳ˰ɣ

ˡ

Ҳ֪᲻̫ҪõĻҾȥԺܿ´Ц˵һû϶ֳˡ

۳һ£Ц˵ǳ˲٣ҪĻھý

ǧ𡣡´ҩζأɱѬˡ  

˵ί񣬵˶֪ʵ˼Ҫģ֮ǰ˵ͬһ˼

˵ŻŽ

һ£ʣأ

ڿš˵꣬ų´һӾͺۿ

´֣ѽеǰڴ£ŵʲôСӿȡŵĹǴ£ôܺۿء

ôһ˵̲סˣһƺһգۣܵһᡣ

´ҡҡͷڽġ

½Ҳ˳´֣Ҳ̲סȥڴϣʵֹǷŵĹȥǣһ游ĸˣööĺ£ҪҺ˵

ڸ֮ǰ´ڽһֱ׵ĳִڣ游ĸǣҲɰѳ´ﵱԼˡ

뿪һ£ٻͿ׽ĳ˭ܡ

˶ûϵһȥǣȻҵˡ

´üۼ䶼˼ֻϲɫ૵úúã˾ͺá

˵һЩڸ飬ֻ֮ǰѾ˵һ۸Ҳôʱ䣬ʵЩ񲻼ãǿգˣǳȥɹ̫˵˵Щ¡

´ҵģҲԼ񲻼õ£ֻһ·϶ˣȻȥЪţŪЩóԵģ߳Է

һˣǿţҲԣ۸ܿĬٹ

´Ŀ뿪ֱ˵ıӰŷԸСŹϣС¡

˵۸صԺˣʣôˣ

´壬һֱ㽡ʣ˶Щţⲻһµʱ䣬ô˥ˡ

µ׵ʱҸڵɻͻȻ´ֻ꣬һڼңԺɹŲٲˣʪˣðգ̾˿ǴʱʼĲ
  
һֱ˵죬Ҳ̫˵꣬Ϊο´͵ˣһܶëͻӦ

̾˿𣿡

ڴ壬ϵĴ򣬶ˣüͷһţҩҲ˲٣ǲЧ

һ´Ĳ飬Ӿ͵˯ˣǿȥ˯ɣ£ϹԷ˵

۸ջĶҪҲҪʰһ£ϾôʱûסˣǾ͸ԿףȻԼҡ

ʱԭȥǸҲѾۼſͣš

۴ţԼųȽȥúϳģҲϵԺ

һûˣһ̤Ϥĵط۸оƮŵĸƼֻصĵط

Ҫڸסôã֪ط˷

һܣԺӻ뿪ʱӣ¼һ˰տúܺãϵ߲˱˺ֱһЩµġ

ҲͬؿϤĻ

ֱǲǵʣүϵĶǷҪ

ۺͽֵܣ˵Ǹ磬ܵܽأ˶ǻˡ

ʻŻعæǰݵŴ򿪡ɨһۣͬ뿪ʱɾģͶֵܶ˵Ѷɡ

ﳿǰ˯Сڣֻı类ˣûϵλϾһֱŸõСӡ

ҳѳСϣ͵ѳŴ˯ɣʰ

Ȼ֣ϰΪһʱܹñȥҲࡣ

ϻҪ˯һ¾ǰѱʲôĶóţȻڹһ£죬Ҳоòͨζ

ֵܶ˰ѶݣȻʼɨ

ñҲæ˵˵ž˳´¡

ֵܶ˶ϸĵģ۴ҴҸϻʱ򣬾֪Ǹ˵˼ңǱүһҼˡ

̸ʱ룬͵үиѣǸҡ

۸ԾǾһ񣬽Ų뵽ǵĻ˼һԸ𣿡

Ȳ̸ҽΣʱֻҪˣǾԸһԣֻҵĻ˿϶٣˼һԸ⻨ʱ

ôһʣҲȷˣһµүȥĻԷͬ⡣

 




















101  һһ    





۸ĬŶһ˻, ܿֵܶ˻ظһˣܲܰѴ

ʱദ۸ĸһ˶һ˽, Ҳ֪۽, ֻҪ̫Ѱ, ĸһҶ㡣

Ҫ, ˶Ϊ, æ, Ƿһ顣Աó´￵Ļ, ȴûץסܻԶ޷ȴź

֮۾͵⼸ҲˣϢһ, 鷳ֵܶٻһ˸, ͸Ÿ硣

Ŷѣһ˾㹻, ֵֻܶͬȥĻһϢʱһ˸ϳ, Խʡʱ䡣

д, Ǽ̾ͿԷ̡Ц˵ֵܶ, ɫһ̴ӣ⼸ղӸǵҴ, ڼΪչ˳·Ͼ͸Ƶ, ֵܶѵʲôҲûоۡ

һ͵ھȥд

Ҳ˵ȥҽŪ㶫ǳߡ

鷳ЦŵȻǴϹҪȥ·õĶ˳ЩϾͺá

Щã˵ȷʵʡʱķڲδʱԶûʱ

룬תݣڸմϰ﷭Ƭ̣ٳʱ˸ɰеǮ·ð춫á

Ҳ˵·ϵĿϸ·͵ƣҪǮģ˸ǰ£ȻðǮ

֪һҲЦžܾүÿϻз˸Ǯûꡣ

ֵ·ʳ

ҲһЦ˵үΪֵܶˣʱ򣬷˾Ͷˣ׼ҪǮ֪ͣȥֵܶ˶Ҫܷ

˵ˣֻðѺɰ˻

ǡʱҲдţֽһߴһߴ鷿

˸ǰ۲Űŵã֣صؽְѳ´𲡵ԭ˵һ飬ŵˡ

պţֵܶ˵ƷõҪߵϣ۸ǣǻȥصġ

۸ףһߵſڣĿ뿪

ȿӰˣ˲Źغţصʰ

˯ѴĶһŵ÷ŵλã۴ˮšʪĨļҾ߲ҡ
  
ȳĻҲɵĲˣɽųڴɨɾ棬ȥɨߡ

ưЩһûˣȻʱϴɾˮ֣鿴Ҳûʲôùļ󡣵վ̫ʱûãҪÿˮŷġ

˰Ķȫʰõ״̬ʱ·ҲڸԺﺰǹȥԷˡ

˱׼¼ҵ˳˹ȥ

ֻһڣŲ˴ĳ£һأôûһԷ˷˵ġ

۸ԣֵܶ˻ظ£˸˵

ΪвȷܲܰҲûϸ˵ֻеҪȥ죬ҪղܻǸ˵ˡ

ûû£ӷ룬кǲڣˣǻܶԵ㡣

СҲ뵰Цŵгļ

ѾöһЩ򵥵Ļۻһһĵģűʾˡ

һһִôϢǿʱѹ˳´ﲡصıˣһϲس˶ٷ

ڶգۿʼʹĳ

Щ飬ŪҲ鷳Ϊͳȥ⣬֪ˣҲвϲһ絽ûôͣЪ

ɼһˣȥ´´˵˵  

תʱȥˣ´ҲȻûתҲƺһƽڣû˥̫ܵ죬¼˻ÿճȥɵֻڼš

ҲţҪٶȿ죬ǱҲ˳Ļٹ죬ܰѴ

ϣڴ죬ѵûû˯˫׵ɶĹߣǱߣҲ㡣

ֻۣҪСĴӴȥ˾С

ȫùǽڣô涼ȥ

ȳˣͰмš

ۿʱҲˣͰϨڸߵҲ߹ųڼңȥתһȦѸյĶջ

԰Ӧûһժɶ֮ȥǿԴȥԼĺóЩҲʡȥǮ

ʹ游ĸӣԼҲȱǮˣΪǰľܲ˷ѵĶ˷ѡ

Ҳϲ˵Щܸоرİģһų˯һߵУʲôȥǶԣ

϶кܶණˡ

ʧЦûнӻһ磬Ľ֮ͨ£ÿΰңҲܰеĶϣοֲ޵˲Ƶ칦ܣС˵Żֵģռ

˵Ż֪͸һ˯ˡ

ֻûã۾ͱһѡ

˲һ飬ʹӴ˵ϣҲӵ

ۿٵµҺ

˵ûӵȼ򣬿Ҳ𴲣͵㳿˯һȥͺá

ͷƺҪѵļ󣬱˻ȥڳİ
  
µ򣬳ݵţӦϾ

򿪴ţԺվŵĹȻһƣأԱ߻һ಼Ǹˡ

˺һŴľӡ

һϲ֪˹ƾкǸˣ뵽Ǻѣһ·ˣ̨

ֵܶ뿪ʱ˿̣༸ʱڼ仹ҪƲȥ˸׼ʱ䣬ɻɣֵܶǸϵʱûеõ㹻Ϣδ˴ͬڸ·

ֵܶ˸ϽԺӣ۲ģͰ뵽ˮݲ裬δ̨γƺ

᪣һ֣ûʲôصԸǱһ֡

΢΢ףһ·Ҳ˰ɣȺյȲЪȥ׼Եġ

һһ׼ԵˣǺ˯һʹȥˡ
 


















102  һ  ǰТ  





ʱֵܶҲ, ۱Ҳѯһ䡣

ͬЦŵ϶Ա˵ģյȲͺá

ȻҶ˵óԣҲͲټ, ˺Ȳ˵, ȥ˵Ϲϱҳԡ

˵Ų, ƺϲŴŴϹϱ, СӰƴС, Ļɫ, һͣ¡

ֺһȲƺʶ, ղźԵöЩϸ΢ı鶼סˡ

Ц£ûָѲ

Ҹ·, ۹Ъʱ๻, ͵ŵƣȴ˵, ʶһϴĵطȥ˯ķ䡣

Ȼ۸һʼȷֵܰ˻Ѵ̸ˣǼҵط, ۵鷿ʰ˳, ˴, ڸո̴á

տ䵭ģʵ, żªĻüͷûһ¡

۵Ƕϴ˯, Żط䡣

û˯ۻ˸Ƿʣˣ

ˣ۰£ҲɵϣǸĴ򣬿ҽӦò

գգۣɻҽλܿ𣿶һǸĴ򡣡

ʧЦЩ䵭˵ˣز¶ĸô

ҡҡͷʾû˵ر˯ɣҽΣ´￴֪ˡ
  
Ǵˣ۸ǰЩ˲٣϶˯˸þֱڶѡ

пڣҲ˯˱׼ˮ緹

˲ߵݣͿѾɨԺˣˮ

۽Ųһ£뵽ĸĸ˵ԼɻģҲû˵ʲôֻ鷿ķ򣬼Ծɹصʵѹ˵ڻûʲôҪ̫硣

ǽѾЩ˯ͷˡЩ˼˵֮⣬ڸǵʱֵܶñڻҪ硣

ףûٶ˵ʲôֵ֪ܶ˲ģϴʣʲôԵ𣿡

ԣֵܶ˶ʳ˵˯ķ俴һۣ֮⣬ֻùվͺá

ֻһڵĻϴʱǳԵϡ뵽վ·ϳ˵ҲͺյȲ裬˵ϹϱϿ϶ˣ۱ֶܵĶ

ǰմϲʱ͵ļǴӸǴĹ档

ʵ·ϵʱǿ⵽᪹Ƿ

Եġ˵⻰ĲǴ鷿ա

Ͼͳۿգһû˯ѵģۿ»еڣʣôû˯

Ҫ̲ס˸Ƿʲôʱ˯ԡ

ô˵ˣҲͲٷϻȥٶȣ˼˼

Ҹճ룬ԺĴžͱ죬ųŽж˿ˣ

ãѳӭָսܵǸ᪴ȥ￴

һ˲ñֱòſŵġ򣿡

յͷվûʲô飬˵Ļºͣ鷳·

Ŷúáӻҵתǰ·

˵ʱǸ˵̴ӣѾɿܵ˯ķ䣬ʱŵǸľӴϣյ

۳ͷ鷳ֵܶ˿¼ңҸҲȥһˡ

ӶߵԼԺˣԾЩûعãȻصСӴӸ˸￴

һѳԲڴĳ´г¼ˣ˳С꣬Ҳӳ´Ǹſڣ˸ͷ

һ˾ͬľ
  
Ӻ֮ڻعˣæ˸Ƶ᪴롣

յ˵ͷ̴ӽ˷䡣

´˯ķ䱾ͲǺܴӰΣҲûҸ̫˽ȥֻ塢档ԭչ˳´СС꣬˳ͽг·һվűߡ

´ţ֮ǰ溰ĻѾڴ˸ǰ£жЩεؿһۣ̾˿СҲǵġ

᪴ɣۿյ̴Ѿó飬Ժ˵
  
´ͷ̴ӵİ£ַϡ

ʱЩֿ֮˳´̦֮ǰǷ򿴹֪Ѿ˿һڳҩ󣬾ó˸δҩ鿴

һڣСʱڼ䳿ģȥתһȦˡ

ŰѲ鿴ҩ°ãԭüͷҲһЩδܼʱּ֮ѳʱһã׳ⲻ𡣡

ǿзЩӼæʵ

˼ڳԵҩҪֻ˼ˣö˼¿һаҩȳԼյ֮ÿιٸݾҩ

۴𣬾⸱ϲŭɫģֻ´ﲡʱرǰɫӣȴȶ˵

ۿʪˣ鷳᪴ˣҩϾȥץҩ

ЩҩҴˣյȥץȱļͿԡ

˵̴ӣۼҿҩ

ĴȥҩˣҲȥŲǣ۳´ͷҸȻȥһˣٹ

´ÿˣٿܼȥϣҲǿĵģ񶼺˲٣ؿ۵ˡ

е£۵Ҹ˵ǵˣˣӦô

ˣҲõ̫ãֿ˼䣬۸г塢ӣæ˹ȥ

ǻصۼʱѾҩãְûҩдݸȥץҩͺãץҩ͹ҩ

̴ӣСҽ£ҩļѾ¯࣬ҩܰҩЧӳĹЧ

Ȼûֵһл

նһ£ʲô˼Ҽ㲡ˣԺҲʲôˣúŲС

æصֻҪܺã˵ǲܸɻôźС

յͷȻȺС˶ƺЦ¡

Ϊ̫𣬸ԸԼȥĻʵ˭֪ʹôˡ

֮£ϲԸúźĻǳ¼֣Ѿźһʱ䣬ﶼźһ˵ļȴԸֵˡ
 















103  һ  ᪹ 




ۼʱ, ÿճ͸´֮⣬͸һ㲻鷿, Ҳǰ, ǶС  

۸׼Ӻ, ҲǿҴһƬ, ֻÿշϸ׼, ϲŴĶ, ǱŻġ

Ҳȷʵ˵ǰ㣬, Ҳҽ˵ãգ´ľͺת˲٣ÿûзʱ, Ժ

, ֺͨãҲ˵, £ȥ治õĻմȾ˲Գ´ӷʱ򣬽Ҳȥתת

, ûʲôҪĵ, ʹֵܶ˿ʼȥն

ϰȻæڿ, ĵҲûţջĶ, ǿ϶޷ȥǣȴҲһЩǮ

Ǻ, ĸ˵ˣͿ϶ҪһЩɸ۴ȥ

´һĺתǰǰҲǼҴˡ

ԺһһµԼûסЦ£Ȼɫ᪹еĻ԰տ³ôеҪȥ

۸ֵܶȥ˵Ȼɣҡվ´Ӥû˿ŵĻС

Ҫȥ£հæĻֻȥڳ¼ҵˡһ鷳

ԽãĻ˵һҲ⣬൱Ȼ

Ȼյ˵ͷӦáڿ򳿳ʱ۾һ˲仹Щ

߽ǰͷһûʲôգһָ棬ûס̾˿̾ԼҶʵǻ

æȥԵģһ۾ջĿ⡣

ڻĺƯģƤгָ׸ǴСһЩ۸ˮȻвɻȱǣۺͳӲеĽ״װֻһԲԲģָֻڸߵģը

ըɽɫʱһ򵥵ĺˣζԺ˶ŵ

ֽźӽŵӳȥ̶Ӳӵʱ䡣

һţͿЩ׾ذѳڻŸ˹棬ҲǳǳЦݣ֮ǰûģ

ȿСںһ䡣

͵̧ͷ˽һֵۣͷҪĳһʱŲǣ¸ǡ

ûסǸһĨЦݣֻǲ󣬾ϱסȭͷ촽ЩˣһֱŹ۵ģԼҡͺá

˵ɿƳԼҿɿɰĶһۣĬĬǸְĵӷŵԱߵСϣ˵Եģ᪹ӳζΡ

յ˵ͷȥϴֵ֣һ飬ССڵؿԡ

Ҳһ飬˺˻ƶСһιԼʼԡ

ճһ飬֣ܺóԡ

ףлҪ˵ӣûнӻ

ռ´ҲѾתò࣬ڳԵǸҩһӦþͲˣҲûʲô𡣡

˵һ£봹ԴҼƻվͻظǡ

˵´תʼԼµҪ˵ȥ£ֻ˵һ˲ŵôż𣿡

մ뿪ҽݺЩˣЩġ

ô˵ˣĻ˼ֻͣһͰ˵ˡ

Ҳͬ뷨֪˵Ҫȥ͵ֵܶߡ

ֵռĻͶ࣬һ˾Ҫö£οһȥ

ҲԼĹǣ˰죬ûоܾ

صڶҪջȥû׼ǸɻֻúúϢ˾֮źø·

һʱѣԼҲûȥֻڼ׼һЩ͸յ

֪ҪߣǴӳ緹𣬾Ϳʼ׼ˣպúóһ١

۸֮ǰ˶ã´һ֮ǰҽҩͻ˲ٵǮյˮƽǴӸѿ϶ǸСĿ¼ڴȻС治һǮ

ģһ¾ڳ¼֮ǰǰǮˡ  

ڳҡԱߣһûһµתҡϵС糵ѵʱ򣬻¡

һǾʲôվѡѾ˸ˡ

۸һۣұ𣿡

ǣûʲôϣѵóһ˿ڣ΢ͷաչӡ

˵⼸ֵʱرСҪڰ۸ϸͲ塣

ֻ˸ˣתͷȥ

֮ǰ˵ǱиǴôôֱսˣ

ҵļҳֵ֪ͯԼү᪴Ǻѣүһأ֪үһҲ᪴ǺѰ

۸ɻĿ⣬һ²Ű֪Ķ˵ȥ᪴ʱչҲڡ

ôˣԼû˸ѣһ˾Ͳö֪ˡ

ֻ֪Щۿ϶ҲΪҪ֪Ļȥ˸ǣûʲôʲġ

ȴ֪뵽ʲôǹһĨǳǳЦݣյѶˣ

ôţմָʶһ£Ӳˣǵ͵͵ģ˵ġ˵̧ͷŽԴ

Ǿͺáס

ռٷʣƺ˿һŵ⼸Ǽҳ˺оرҿԴһЩȥ𣿡

Ӧû˼Ҫľ飬˵һ룬ͺˡ

ȻԣǰͷҲǼҵĺͦóԵģȥ갢ǸˣôӸǻʱԡλظǣǷĻ԰ǴЩұ𣿡

յͷԵģҸ򡭡ûϷŵ¡

Ц£ܾãЦݸζ  

ֻ˶࣬ǵյ棬Ҳöʲô

֮æʰԼȥ¼ҳԷ𣬴Ҷһ

һֱȵڴϣ۲ҵʽܾã᪹˵ʱЩֵֹġ

ԷԴЦʵˣ

˵֣˵Լ񣬡ü˼Ƭ̣Żܸо̫׽Щ˵ʲôҲ֪顣

һûס۵ĶߣЦģŷҸ᪹˵Ƚܰ

ۻתͷһΣܿ侲˵˵ô£

ԼҷȻŭ̾˿ŻЦһ£ͷǰ˵㣬۵Ķߵѵû֣᪹ӡǸ𣿡
 



















104  һ  ϸǰ  



৵شӴϵ, ˵ͫ׵ҲΪŽһ󣬲ڽϾıﻺɻ˴ϡ

ֻĿʼվû뿪۾, , ŵ㡭ƭ棿

ƭʲô, бһ, ᪹ӶסǼôʱ, Ϊֹ, ѵһ㶼û𣿡

ֻΪԸ˶ѣ, ܻе㲻ͬڳ˵ص㡣

֪Ǹ󣬺ܶϸڱ˵ͨˡ

Եһ£ղǽ, ֵܶǻظ, ֻԥһ˲ͬˡ

ϾǸ, Լ̴ӻظǣãʵȷʵ̫˷ġ

ֻЩϸͨ, иû, ôûк룿

ʲô˰, Ҳ̫ȷҽĴ, ܻЩ˲ֶ֪Ρ

۲磬üĵɰγɵ, ʲôֶܹסǼʶһĻױģҲûжʲôֻЦŸпҲϲأ

ʵĻԺپۻᣬսҲ֣ٻǼ˵˰ɡ뵽սյԸ̲סʧЦ֪Ƿ֪᪹ʵǸ

أü

Īô֪

Ӧ֪ġЦЦؿһۣͣ

۷ڴ֮䣬üô㻰л

ǣΪϾ˭㣬ܱ𡣡

ۣ

û˵ǽ̫ûֵܶˣ߳¼˭Ҳˡ

Ĺ£ƻȥţ᪹Ҫߣȥһ̣˳ȥЩ

֮⣬ǸϽ˯պо¡

һܸϵǣ˾Ӧ·ϵͣԵڶϣմ̴˯˲𴲡

ֵܶһЩҪιϣҪ׼·õĶ

۸Ҳ˸磬մȥǰվ׼ˣҪǽŪһٷʢͣЩģմ·ϳԡ

۴ų֣æ޵ضֵܶһҪ·ϵʱ򣬶עһЩȫԼ˽

Ͼ۶֪Ǹˣ飬ȻҪעһЩ
  
ܴôᣬʱңǻ뿪

¼ҳССչ˳´⣬ȫһ𣬰͵ϲֹ

տ䵭ģʱ䣬Ȼദò

˸Դҵ𣬳ҲǱˣҲ۱ҪǻСһģֱָԵȥˡ

ҲвᣬŽʣǻظˣҿȥ𣿡

ȻԡЦ˵ĵֹǿӸǹ´β£ȵ˸ǣǿ϶ҲҪúлġ

뿪ǰ˵ĻȴǣǾסڰ棬ܺҵġ

ű㴹ӣŵ˵ͷǻش

·ϿӰӣۼ˲ŰԼϵſڼķţһȥණŻȥ

ռ˲û죬ĹӾ͸ˣԼæ͸ɴ໨ǮӴ˼ˣһͰѶ˻

֮ĶͲôżˣպֵܶ˻ܰﲻæ  

һµʱ䣬۵Ķȫ˻ܾĶܴȥģ۸ȥܴȥģͿҵ͸ϵȽϺõļ˼ҡ

ׯң죬۸ֵصģǼҵǼĶҲͳȥˡ

ˮؼҲĶͷҪ˰ļе롣˰ĵأȻǴҶҪۿŸ˷˷֣Ҳûȫҡ

ҪһЩӣҲֻ˵û˵ҪҲû˵Ҫ

ϵģһ⻰֪ҪҲ˼˼Ҫ̫ࡣ

ת۵ʮ³´䲻֮ǰʣҲָ߳ɵ״̬

Ҳ˸ûظǵʱ䡣

Կ¼ңó¼˰æżҡ

һȥǣҰõۼҽסһꡣ

ССͣһôʱ䣬ûţǸĸүү̣᲻ãϣ˰ҪΧ͵˴ڡ

˸¼֮⣬ﻹвУǿ֡

ϾǴһӳţҪȥǵĹѧ顣

ǲϡǣҳ⣬ҶҲһЩ
  
۸ЩͬᣬۣҲżһѣܿȡ˵Ŀĺܴ

ͱĶˣҲû˼ϴţųһһ

ʵеĶҲ࣬ͱԶ֮ʱѡǼУַ󼦵

һȦ˺üʮ

ȴ˵֮󣬱ǰۣڸǺúö飬ķӸأǶ㿴ŵġ

鷳ˡЦŵͷʱôʱ䣬϶ǲĵġ

ʱͬգȥǶ飬Ŀһԡʱ˵ȫϣҲΪˣЩִģôܻڴĲƲ

Ӧ˺ǱҲѾص

ǰ棬Ǽҵ˸ں棬һ۸ǰ֮鷳ˡ

İɣ۵ǻչ˺ġ

ףȺִӻһɰۣʳ޷ãǮ࣬ǵһ⡣

æƾܵﱾпյķ䣬ܳԵ˶ٶôǮ

ڳ壬ܳˡЦ

ɫԵöҲ˵ֵͬܣҪҲûȥǶ飬סҼңӦġ

ҡҡͷôô

Ҳʵʵ˵ˡЦ˵ҪȰ˵ļ󣬶ҺĴҲչˣҪɣ͵ǮƽҪֽ֮ˣ֧ȡ

סһ£ԼҪõıīֽ⣬Լƽ鼮϶ܲ۵ġ

Щ˽¸Ǯˣ϶ȥ֧ȡͷӦ¡

ⲻ֪һ˴壬ܿƵˣ۲ǮȻеǰ취õϡ

ֱҴӸǻȥǮûʲô֪۸չ˵жá

ЩǺˣʱۣǱ磬ŷɸӣϸ㹻Ƭǰ̡ 















105  һ  ѧ  




һӵǵʱ, 븮ѧʱ仹мգպÿϢһٸѾ۾ۡ

ǰִ, ԭŵڶϴȥ游ĸ밲, ֵܶϻ, λ˵֪˸, ۸ȥ, һԼۼҡ

游ĸʱ, ۸Ÿϴ꣬Ժϴ, ˶סڶս

ͣˮĶȥš

ֻһ򿪣, , æ˵һߣÿһ, ص游ĸôôˣҸ緹ȥǱء

ʹ˾٣үЦ˵, ĸһֱ߶볿, ͸ɴ, ˳ǴЩЩԵġ

ע⵽λ̴, һʳУֻû뵽ȻǸǴ, Щ⣬־þϲ

Լ游æ¾͸ϴ꣬ԡﱧϵˮ顣

ʱ̫̫ѾߵߣԱϸɾѵݸĿڳϣһЦݵصֳˣ

뿪ûãͳˡ˵ŵͷЦԼҶӣ¸ССݣɰĲˡ

̫̫ףҪ˶Ҳû˵ˣƽûµʱ̽

ģһ˲侪ϲ۾ûʲôӵľ飬֪Сʲôʱʲôʱֿʼѧ˵

ĸôһ˵̲סʼ룬ǳŴŴغôģ

̫̫ԼЦһ㣬Щɵģ̲סúЦЩۡСˣһĸڣû˸ǡ

ȫûע⵽ĸϧǣǸȽ̻᳿ףǵ

뷨ϣȿڽи׵ģҷ϶ܿġֻǱ϶Ҫȸѧ  

ʵΪѣ

ʱѾλ˴緹ںãѣͰѳӹȥ̫̫ĸȥɡ

̫̫˵ͷ󣬿ϳС룬ֿ۱һ§ŵĳιԶɣ˸ϽԼġ

˵һ£ż˻ȥ˶ˣˡ

֪ܲԼȥ˵ı仯ۣһµʱ춼ҪµأԺڵرԡ  

ֻ̫̫ô˵ſӵͣһ£͵ӦûкݰɣĻǷ

̫̫ףרιԶû˵ʲô

ֻϵЦݣοˡ

緹۸ҪӼĶ͸ɴѳտ

ʱ۸³λһٷõĲϣҲǴġ

з˸⣬õλ˵ĸ߶͡

ϲԭ˳ĿڸУԼǰδƷʣ˸ΪŴŴʮζȷʵʺ˳ԡ

۸ҲǸпǧ˶뵽ʱǶѵӣ˸⣬ǵʱУóԵĲˡ

Թ緹Ъ˻۸ʹҪĸ游ĸĸҡ

֮ļգǸսǾۻᣬԼڼϰΣ̳ѧ˵

ʱ÷ɿ죬ת۾͵ѧʱ䡣

۸컹ˣǵһȥѧ͸սͬС

벻ԶΪôҸõؼס·˱ɴѡС

һ緹۲ְæ

ۿʽʮ㣬Ҳ˶𣬲ųȥսϡ

ǳʱŸսͺ컹ͯһˣһһ˵ֵġ

ǾסƬһҵʱ䣬㿴һƬǽߣɽ£ľڸǵĽ

Ǿۼˣ֮һĵط

˴ԺĿյأս͵ϾҪ糿Ͽεʱˣţн͹ȥѧãҾˡ

ȥɡ



ѧģֻһʮţôû˵ģҲ˸죬ҪĻʲô״

οһл顣

սߣҴҸҲ߽ܵ˼䣬ܽԺͷ

սã󲿷ָйˣ֪Ǻıܡ

һ֣ȴ˲˵עĿ

ʵͬΪˣʶǰȡŹѾڸѧ˲ϡ档

ô۲Ǹʿ֪ݵˣн̲ס档

ˣ˻ͻûͻߵۼߣʣǸҲǺѣ

ûʲôģ֮ͬһԺٲ˻ᾭ棬ֱӵҷɵı֡

ô˵һ˼һȴ˲١

ֻûԾԺԶ㣬˵ֵĹϵֳ̬ȡ

Ҫ̫ЩһǴĿĵİԡ

е˻˵Щʲôڽ͹ˣòֹͣҲʡȥӦĿࡣ

ѧҲûʲôʽʮˣָ;¡

ۿ׵Ƿ˵ķûʲôɣԼԼƺмѭġ

컹һ𣬲ҸղԶûͬһͣ۾ûϸ롣

Ǻõľˣôġ

֮ǵĽͣ;͸ѵ˻ִϤһԺĻôȻȥڶղʽϿΡ

սҪܽѧϰ˾ûˡ

ȥ˳·ֱ쵽ſڣŴӲ·뿪

һ̤Ժӣͳ۵С۸磬Ȼطˡ

ȥɣϳԷʱҽ㡣۵ͷӦ£ĿȴſŵĽϡ

˷ţЦʣ˰ɣ

ȥתһȦûʽѧϰˡʧЦ

תһȦһ۾ʣܸ˵˵ѧʲô𣿡

۵Ǳʲôһ£ӿһԼûɬ˶٣Żѽյţϸϸ˵˳

ˣ˵ֹϵ¡

˼Ƭ̣ŵԺˣҾöҪΪѣ̸鷳Σ

۵ͷʲôֵˣϹȥʱ򣬰˵᪹ջظˣ´ԺݼٵʱͰɡ

ǻظǺ󣬲Ŵս֪⼸ȥ˱𴦸˿һֱڸǡ

ҲûҵлĻᡣ

˻ˣֽ븮ѧѧϰÿѮݼһգпգҪüչȥˡ   

















106  һ   






ڶձʽѧϰ, أʹ׼õıīֽ⣬ԼҪõȥԺ

͸ҹ涨ʱǳʱҪ, ý, ǵһ, һ, ûȥ, ǻҪ׼, Ҳ̫ҡ

Ժ˵ʱ, 볽ʱӣɫҲЩ谵

Ժſڵʱ򣬾Ѿ½½ˡ

ս͵ֻвһʱˣܶ˶ʼƴ, ȻԺҪǳʱǰϵ, ܶѧӶǰЩסԶ, ɴҲڸǵһ˯Ժ

ףⲢҽŬϾһɹ, ǽ׼ķԾ

ϸ, ڴԽ֮ǰ, Ҳһַܶһ꼸ûûҹѧϰ, һǳĳɼȥеѧ, Ϊĳɹ춨˼ʵĻ

ԿЩΪǰ̶ƴˣ룬þȫܶһ꣬Ҳԡ

Ժһ·͵˱ҪֿĵطսǽӦøҵλ˰ɣ

Ѿȥ۵

ԼȥɣҾͲˣսϵʱԺſڼһȥ

áЦŵͷѾ˼飬Ϊ֮ǰһֱѧϰڵһνԺһǸһսղŵĻֻصͯʱڵĸо

սֿҲû˵ʲô;ֱȥ˵ԺȺѧϰҶȥ

һ·Ҳüңÿ涼ˣѧϰҲ顣

˺ܿ쵽ǵǸңǿŵģһȥ˲ɶ¡ͬˣֻǸвͬ

ЩѧϰңΨһˣǶǰ͡

Ųתͷ˹˶ͣſڣ͵ȻˣΪʲô

æı飬ѣ˳ңȻ˸

͵ͷָǰλɡ

ǡ

һӦ£ֱ

;棬ҲĻ߸ţֻϰ鱾

һֱһм˭û˵ﰲģֻҳʱ΢졣

ڳʱ֮ǰ͹ܵĶʮȫ½½ĵ룬ȻִǸܵûȣ֮ͣǰ̤֮ڡ

ûʲô飬㷲˵ͷ

һͣۼҲͣĶͷ˵

Ŀ˵϶ɨһȦŻʣԺ֮ǰЩڼԼˣ

ϵıһ˲֪ģСӾ࣬ҪԺ˯ˣϻȥţŰ˽ģɿƳԱߵĺ졣

Сȵʼ磬˼ԶͬԹ緹Ժˡ

˶ǰ棬ĶӦ˵ġ

ƻжʱλɵʱʦӦþͽ̹仰ȥЩ겢ԴΪ׼ŬŻȡڵĳɼΪ˴θԱ¼ȡˣѾ˹ͻ˵꣬ĿɨһȦҵɫзɣһתǵĿֻ˵ĻԺʲô£Ҷǿ󣬱ϾҲۣ㹻ǻȥһˡһһ̶͵Ҫ֪ԣֻвһʱˡ

һ˵꣬ûκ˿֣Ŭһ꣬Ǿˣб˵ˣҲЩȷʵиˡ

˶һȡеţҪ˼һȡУǰܶȡУѾμӹȴδе˱ȣӾ˵Ѿһ

Ҳ˵ֳյı飬һЩҲ֮ǰأǶʮˣģҲŸչСŸոʮ壬ǱȽƵͣ벻˭ԸʮأΪһǰͷľˡʿѵҪ𣿡

룡
˵꣬һ֮˿ػص

ѵЦЦ΢΢ף൱ο

˿飬Ҳ½½˵Ǹ֡

˶꣬ͲŵͷסǸղŵĻشǿʼҪݡ

ϵǣͿ࣬ѧȴǳȤǳٻɬĶ˵Ҳ˾Ļȥ

һÿ꣬м仹Ϣʱ䣬бĽͬĿΡ

һÿΣڽ

һദǻĽͶԱȣ֪ôģ۸컹͵ĺøǲֱǡ

֮ҲûŴߣ˵˼䣬͵Ϊֹǻȥ֮󣬰ѧϰϰһ顣

˵һ£ּϣ˶ǵ飬ԼԺ

˵仰ʱЦſϲȵǸۺ֪ڼʱûͯѣŻٵ

ߵһᣬԺſڵʱսѾˡ

ԶԶģսͳǻ˻֡  

Χ˶࣬˻Ӧ۸ֻ·ſٶȣûıʾ

ߵˣֲʣԺѧϰĸоΣ
  
ͦõġʵԺѧϰʱ䰲ŵʮֽգټ֮Χ˲͵ȷʵڼһ˵ʱЧҪߺܶࡣ

սҲʣ൱ûôҰɣ

ģҡҡͷʾҥԡ

ҲͦõģȻԴҵҪ󲻵ͣͦԵġ

ԽǰĿƵڿʦȽϺԵɼźϲ١ãһԵĽͣ˵һܺõĿˡ

սһ·ߴߴʸͣһЩĵĻţͻȻ˸սԸȫ᪹ͬӡ

ǴϵҸһ£ݼٵʱ᪹ӹҼͣ㿴Σ

սһ±죬ַɿƳԱߵĺ죬˻ŵҪǰȥ˵һðʱճ

ǱǷУ۵γ鲻ʱ䣬Ǿ͸´Ρ

ս϶пյġ

۵˵ͷû˵ʲô

ȴѵõĺ棬ʲôʱʶ᪹ӣ֮ǰȻδἰҪǳ˳´£ǲǻߴң

ʶЩʱˣսͬѵ¶Щ˼ı飬ֻǰҲ֪ǡ Һô࣬һһǽܵù

˵ĿɿӼӹϣָͬʱʶģҲǱֵܣҲû˵

൱ĳ֣ʵȫ

ֹȻֲֵ̯֪᪹Ǹûҡɶ˼

սô˵ҲˣŲɶ˼أ  

ʧЦ컹ֽһ񣬽ҡͷĵȻе˶ɵӡ

Ҫָ֪˳׶꣬Ƶ£ս۸أ

ھսôɵݼգɵȥս˹

͵ĵصۼңͣµ۾͸ȥſڽˡ

սȻŰѳշڵϣ

䵭ģҲûʲô飬ֻڿʱ򣬴ǸһĨǳǳЦݡ

֮ǰʱΨһ𣬱üĶһ롣 
















107  һ  ץ 






ۼ֪Ǹ, ¶üĵĺ룬Ҳû˱ֳȵɫֻ, ǰк

áյͷӦ, ȴûж, תͷս

ս̤ϳ, 쳤ֱ, óһİ

, ŽҸЩ

ͺˣôЦ˵

ƺǺóֿ, Щ޴룬Դ΢΢˵㣬ҿʺϳˡ˵ɿؿԱս, 

սЦ˵úʾ, ´ûкʵģͲô, ֲǻֵˣôô

ص˵ͷ

ҲԱߵҶˣԺҲҪദ, һլ, 㶼ԼҾͺá

ԺҪദ, ԼԼļң̲סеȡ

սĽǶ, ԿҲȾһ㱡졣

ľۻᣬȷʵûκ, ֻԣԼһһСѳ

£˺裬нĵġ  

Χһǰġ

Ҷ֪ջ٣ɴ̸ϻȥ´ε£ó飬ܶ˵仰

󲿷ʱ򣬶սţŻ˵ϼ䡣

ǣˣ˳ĬԣһǾദʡ

һֱܵӰⲻСʱ䡣׼緹ˣģȥ

ٿؿۣﾪȵʮԣֿԱ߲ܽˣһ˾ռߵı飬ɸӺ档

Ҳȥ㡣  

˵ֿյҷĶܺóԣ㶨Ҫúó

֪ںʲô֮ǰո´βסǼҵǶʱ䣬۾һ緹֮Լҷµظɻ࣬ȫĻ

սû˵Ļ֪ÿգ³

˵ˣǻκһİĸͣȥģŹۣƶþȡ

˵͸һȥ³ǰ￴š

ȰŹϣŸоһֱϵĿ˻ȥ

۸֪һٻصķˣжǳĬٶҲ졣  

֮žϣҲԼһǱߵ˵ţ۾ûסҡͷЦ£һɵ᪹ӳ׺˵ĻƶҪһ˵ˡ

бһۣûнӻֻĲʾɻ˵

һȺ浽սͻȥԼ´ݼٵʱһۻᡣ

֮ӣǰͰĹţһ³ݼٵʱ䣬Ը˺Ѷദ֮⣬ʱ۴絽Ժš

ָֻ֮ǰϢÿ˯ȫ˼ѧϰϡ

ת۱㵽ʮһ¶ʮգ֮۾ȥ͸١

ڴ֮ǰҲ˵˺üأȥ͸٣ܾ˵ġ

ƽձһ򲻴ֻʣɡ

۵Ȯꡣ

á͵ͷӦˡ

ĺ״ŵҲһա

ͷʣ˱˵ɣּҵĺꡣ

Ϳһۣûнӻ컹ǾĵţʱһһţСȴЩסˣ죬æס

Ŷ˶óһīƵǰҲɡ

С꣬ٲ˵ıץʽóīúţⲻ׼Ƕ˵ĸ٣Ǹ۵һ

æ˶˸񣬡Ȯл

ʲô£˭ҵѧأ˵תֵǺʱǻڸѧ飬Ҳٲǵһݡ

˵֮󣬶һ£ּ˵ϣʱѾڸѧˡ

칰˹֣ԡ

ֻ֮ȴδ¼ȡˣŻڸѧ顣

Ͳ˵ˣͻû׵ͣķҲû˵УҾУҲҪŻҪȥˡ

һԣ£˵ϣѾڸѧɲϣܿнʿô

˵ȻҪˡ

磬ΪڴֻܴӼ

۸ϼѣ游ĸԼһҾͲˡ

ֻĸ翴ۺͽ˫׻Ҫģʮĵ磬һۼãһ͵ĲɫԼʽˮ

ץҪõĶ͸˵ˣڼǰĸͿʼ׼ʲô©ˡ

۸û飬ԼٳЩ飬˵ٺòġ

˶ʮŵϣûѣ簲ɻ˾Ѿˡ

Ժ죬ȥš

һˣͳһѣſڻŵ⣬°ᶫ

Ŵ򿪣Ϊ׵˳˸񣬵õ󣬾ʹ˰Ѷ

ڼ䰲ģ˽Ų⣬졣

Եų𴲵ʱլ׼ĶѾ׼á

۸ѵôеʱֻҪϴ贩¾ͺá

ƺҲ֪ǸѰӣ˷ܣ۸ι緹ƽʱôԹԵĳԡ

ǳ緹û꣬游ĸǾѾˣ۸ɴһţιˣ𳿳ȥӭ游ǡ

ڰϲµԵʣҵЩ˽۾ûˣԺ˶࣬Ҳ¡

۸̤ţ游ѾԺƺƵһȺˡ

мүӸֱ̫̫̫̫߸Լһӣүֱ߸ŵģȴǼ۸δˡ

һˣ̸Ҫ곤꣬⻹ֲ͵ˣ֮⣬мŮ졣

۸Ŀ⣬ȴǲԾүмƵϡ

Щһſүʣ游ǡ

˸ĸԼ֣үЦ˵Գƣ˳Ҹĸȥ

ѾһظԳֵף˾˸֣Ǻܼ游˵˾˸ġ

·Щͬͬˣһ£侲࣬ǰ˾Ǽ

˾ʹ游Լĸ֪˽ҲûʲôԴۣǶԴδˣûʲôرıʾ

̬ȣ۸оڡ

֮ץ񣬶˶һң۸еĸ֡

һһϷŶֻûеģ׼õĲϡ

һĵӣͷҪץĶͷ

һȺΧڶǱߣȳȥץ

Ѿ׷棬οͷһкöߵӣ׸Ҳͷ

һۣͿǱ

˰ŵĶԱߣ˸ץĶԸץһϲġ

۸׸ٿ۵ϸʽĶĿŲǸ

ǵĿҲת游ŵġʫĸŵ壬̸ŵĹӡ˷ŵһľ

󳿳һץס۷ŵëʡ

 













108  һ   




ûҪſļ, Լһûʲôرģ쳤, ݸ, ﻹŴŴĺ˾, 

һǰ, ͻ˵򵥵, ѧġ

ʱ˾, ԼҶ˵ǾĶҪ, ְѳ۵ƣԣëʸ㸸ס

˵, Ŀ˫֮תһȦ, Ź泯˫֣ȴǵݱʵ, ۱

ﻹѽѽغš

۽ӹִӳëʳЦʲôʱѧẰװ

ǸӵĹעڳʲôʱѧẰ棬Χ۵, ע⵽ȴǳץĶ

游, Ը۸, ץץ֧ʣǸú, ˡ

ҼǵáͷӦ¡

ҲЦϲǸͷ, ץëʣԺ϶һ鿼ƾٵġ

ץĶЩöһʼ۸ãץĸԢⶼ

ֻĸ˵Ժ󳿳һ̲סһۣ˶ڶԷпһ˿ôԵĸ˻֪Լúܣھμӿƾٿ֮ǰëʿֻд׬Ǯġ

˻ڸĻԼ䳿ӱɰԺܳɴ

۸ĬĬһ󣬽ͽȥ˸ӳѳץëװȥպá

ץ֮󣬳Ҳ͵β֮ǴҾһ졣

֪㵽˰ʣ游ĸǴʲôʱȥ

ߣ̫̫ǣصҲУֻ˼ٶѡ

ŶӦԴĿﾡǲᣬա

ԭ˵ȥԺˣʹȥĸңٸ游ĸǶһЩʱ䣬ѻ˵̫̫꣬ʹϵҸ游ĸ  

ģ̧ͷ˫ۣɫﾡǾϲ

̫̫ףתͷ磬ʾ˵

Ц£͵չµ游游׼ģԺڼҴųҪСҲûӡ

⡭ԭųԱ˵һֱ壬һһʱ֪Ҫ˵ʲôźá

ΪߺѺսͯǺ˶٣۸ڸլ֮ҲҪҪµͷרĶ飬ܰʱ򣬽ɺܶࡣ

ֻ˶ãڵľȻˣҲܸǮãǷҪɣǽΪֻϴӶѣôɣȫܹæù

ۻһ㣬˼δȫתʹ˺ü꣬˿£ʲôҪԼȥĻ϶Ҫǰ׼С

±ˡ

۸ɣּҸ游ĸ˺ܳʱеģѾҼҴһʱ䣬ý̵ĹҲѾ̹ſֱӾá̸ҲǷ޶˵˼ҳҲҲڿ飬ãҲܷġ

˵ˣ۸Ҳپܾλ˸ĸҲǣ۸Ҳȷʵм³˹صл

ĸײˣЩǲóȻӦЩ̡

⻰һ˵̫̫۽ǹúãҸ游ȥҲܷЩ

æ游ܷģǶȻӹúúõģ֮пˣʹǡ

ؼǣүӵҸĸûʲôҪˣԼ㻹ǰ˼ڶϣһеԹ˵
  
л游̻壬۵Ҽˡ

ϴҴǼ뿪ʱְ˵˽

լӣǴԺӵլһڿŵڲ࣬һסŷ֮ǰǼûˣҲ࣬һֱǿõ״̬

񳤱͵˸պÿ԰ȥǷޣסһ䷿͹ˡ

ڶҪȥԺĸ游ĸֹһ硣

游ų棬ĸĸڽ̽ιܼҸܽˡ

ʵ»ĸѾǼӵ˶ˣĸĸԱ߿ţѾȫˡ

ӵ⣬ܸ㶨Щ飬͸ڻ¡

游ĸȥ֮󣬽ÿѮ̶һųȥĸ⣬ʱڼţٸമŶѡ

һȥ͸ˣͷĿʼѩ

ˣͲҪԼȥÿճ˴ûҪ
  
һæ˵˵һͻȻ¿ͻ൱ܡ

ǽɴ߻ֻزΪƷǸЬӣһڵģ游ĸĸǵġ

£ԺЩ˵˼㿪ʼƮˣϾҪ꣬ԺܶѾһ궼ûлعң̲ס㿪ʼΡ

һʱܵսȴֵ൱һ֣Ժĸо

̲ס֪ʣ겻ȥ𣿡

Ȼǣս൱ʵһȥһ˵Ļϴڼʱ䣬Ҫʮܻ˶ôˣһҲ֪᲻üڸǵա

Цŵȥ㸸ĸ˵һ£鶨ɡ

㶨սҶҸĸ˽⣬ʱ϶ҲҪԺˡ

ԱߵĺҲ̲סˣһ۵ȥ᪹ӵ¸øĸ˵ˣǶ㰲׵Ҫ˼¾ˣӦðȫ˼ѧϲǡ

ս˦ںǱߣôֱ׳˵ôһڸǣڼţ㲻Ƽ

죬˵ʲôԽԼģûг

սʤ˼ӣתۣĲȥ𣿡

ˡۿ϶Ľ

һ¾ãʱشֱ꣬˷ʱ䡣

ֻкѣûˣڸǹ꣬ٻĸһڡʵ䣬֮ǰߵ˲ͬų·һ߾ǼĻ۸ۡ

Ҳȷʵ˵ǰ㣬ûʱˣڸǣܶһЩ顣

õ϶Ĵ𸴣սЩʧ䣬һʣܸûһ˰ɡ

ȻЦŵͷϾ汲ڿ϶Ҫȥģ˵ˣĵҲЩ᲻һƬ 












109  һ  ˷ܵȦ





ԺѮ˼, ۲ش꣬Ͱи컹ս, Ҳ۸ġ

һͬǴȥ, иʹＸλ, ̫صĶ, ó, Щǵ֪, ǼڸǣҲû˴ҡ

սһ, ʱ಻˵۸Ŷֻȥĸˡ

˶ҪæҲûվġ

Ǹҵÿǰ͹ȥ, ۸˲ȥ, ٶǿ˳ȥġ

˶ûˣ, ͸ɴ׼ϾϺĵһֻ꣬أᡣ

游ĸЬ, , ׼, ˾˼ҵĶƲԼ߼ӹĶ˵, ǳȥ򣬾ͻһʱ䡣

, õʱ򣬿ٰܶĶһʣǡ׼˶ٶ

Ĳ̫ȷ֮ǰ룬᲻ˡ

Щ񶼹ˣЦ˵游ĸ͵Ķ϶ܸˡԼҲøˣ۸׼ôණ˵İλ˷ϣҲ˵λ˶۸ĺãȥ޻ء

ҵ֮۸˸ʱ䣬ְѸĸ͵ͳȥǰ͵Ķˣֻʣ׼Լҵˡ

бزٵľǸζ㶼һ裬͸˵ˡ

һһ죬˸ɻԼʱֲȥԺȫýմЩˡ

Լӽ֣ôСγɳ£Ҳȷʵ˵ǰ㣬ǻˣʾһ֣͵ȥЪŰɣǶŪͺá

УԱ߿š˵ȥϴ֣һ߶Աߵĳ棬һ֣ûвġ

˼ɫİӣڻһȦɫëĵóֱѩɰı
  
۰֮󣬾ڳ£ʽɫİôûţȹѩٴ

һɫģѩʱ򴩺ɫĸÿ

ô˵۾ûٶʲôˣϾǰǹñȽѵʱ򣬶ûڳԴٹģοڣڻ룬ÿֻ಻٣游ĸǼӣҲȶˡ

֮⣬ĸʲôöҲϲһݹ

۽ӹͽ̵̹ԣһסһãû¾ͱųóףΪܾãôˣ˸ѧи׵ʱˡ

һ˫ףͻȻӵﵽ˸׻ҲûʲôӦʮֹɵ˳Ÿ׵Ļ

ֻ˺ڳݲһ֣ˮֱӴӴ

æӳС¶óӸøɾҡͷˣѧɣٺȥɿˮ˵ŸѶҪ̣ˡ

ָһϵİɫëëЦ˵ĸ˵ڳˮģȹʱͺˡ

˵ֻظʾһΣס

ҲȷʵѧѧЩˣһظס

ȻЩŴŴȷɵ֣һ£ȷӦֱӱųԺȦڸɻ޶˶̲סͣĻԺȦ

ҲĿɿڴ֪ԼҷڴӽиѾãû뵽ӽг֮󣬷Ӧ

Ȧصߺڳžߴһ£˷ܵҸˣ

ţЩȾǿһı飬оǱˮһůģоҸòˡ

۾еɵһ˷ܵòˣֿӵٽһ

ûӸղͻȦлعȻٺ

ȴ˷ܲƬ̣ûӵ֣ͿʼƻҵȻҪȥдƪ£ڵȳˣǻóһ䡣

ԼҷǶˣȻûʲôҪ˵ġ

۳д²˵һ£ּŪ԰ɣúףһ¡

Իѣʲô£ο䣬ֳɵĲϣԽܿͷӦ£ԡ

ֵһҪԼ

ľЩˣУ㡣

ӳѧиÿյоҪǰˣ¸ǳ˶öϲġ

ԺϿεʱ䶨ʮȥˣڼꡢֽգԺ㹻ʱʱļ١

۾ûȥԺ󣬳˸ĸͰ꣬ʱҲǰѴ󲿷־ѧϰϡ

ΨһźǺսǻϼûʲô⣬ֻԶȥۡ  

죬ȥңʱ򣬾Ϳǰͣ˼Ϥ

һ뵽ʲôǻһͣȣֱȥʣôôˡ

һӶȥңû˿ţڰսǱ߰ᶫʻֱ˹Ц˵ս£ǾͶǰˡ

۵ͷְѽϽԼԺӵĴţ֣ԼŽͳȥսǱߡ

ȻԤϵǰ㣬սĸĸڡ

Ҷˣ۾ʣĸΪ˰°ɣ

ǰսĸЦһοǰҲ˲ٹǸʣûһԸͷӦµģҸͷиԼģҸϽ˶

ոҲСϴСˣҲи˺úùܹˡ

֮ǰֻ֪սһֱǼǰάſ裬ȴ֪ĸȻ˵ٵ£ֻս⣬ʶսһۡ

ս̽񣬱ίؿȫ˶֪޵ģĴǻ࿴ϣôֳҲԸͷӦˡ

ĸһڣʱ˵ʱ޵Ĵ˵Ǹʲôд˸ҽҽˣеˣܵ档

۸ˣźۼضһۣȥװûղŵĻ

սȴһ֪ԲһЩʲôæʵȥ´β£Ӧóңû֪˰ɣ

۴֪ЩʲôʧЦأôˣĿ֪ܲ

һ£ֹ˵Ҳ֪ˡ
  
ոԼҶɵģ̲סתͷĸǹ͹ˣȻ㿴ӡ

ĸսĺΣ֪ΣǸѵᱻȥɣ
 


















110  һһʮ    





ռҸĸٶȺܿ, ᪼Ҳɴ࣬Ԫ֮ǰѾ˵Ļ´ɲߵ, , ֻʣӭ, Ҫȵȥˡ

ո, Ӱ¶, ͻؼ, ĸڸס˶ʱ, ֱǰŸЩؼҼһȥ

µѾʼתůȥ·ϣݳݺ, 档

սӻ¶, һֱڴ״̬龰, ̲סǼһҪʫԡ

ִ˲ƣǳҪ㣬Ű۴ħצȳ

պִ, Żǲͬ, ۸ѾСû, Ϥľ˶Щ㱡

ϸĵ, ֱʱ򣬿, ЦʣҪȥǼסһգٻȥ

ǲˣҡҡͷܾȼæҲ١

˵ˣҲûٶ˵ʲôҶôˣҪǹԷĻֱܹȥžˡ

ʱպײϴҴӵʱ䡣

ǰϳ˲ʶİǰʣ˭

ص壬ǻˡ

ԭСӻˡ˿ǣЩ

Ⱥ棬ĸĸæųͷߵǰ棬ͷ۴˸к󣬾͵ˣ
  
Ҳﺰ

״ͣĵҲҪȥ

ۿԱ˶࣬һǰ͵ſڰɣպҲҪȥ

һ˵ĸ֪ǲ˶ĵطϰᶫҲʶԼղȷʵûܵæǾ鷳ˡ

֣㣬Ϊϻ۸ɹҲ͹ǻԴҲû˶ʣȻҲᡣ

ң۸ŰĶȥְ۸׼ˣ˼󣬿ʱ䲻ˣ۾;ܾһϦ¸Լҡ

ûſڣ۾Ϳ˵ĳ·ᡣ

·쳤˲ʣ˵͵ˣôڲŻʲô𣿡

ûʲô£Ͱ˻ȥ

·ᡮŶһͷǸϽϢһ°ɣСѾ׼ˣǽҼҳԡ

ڳ¼ң̫ԼϴĻŪҲȷʵҪˣͷӦУûҪæĻҰ¶ɡ

ҾǱϳµġ·˵ԿףţֱӰϽԺֵ⼸϶ҪǰЩӣʹСǼⶼɨһˣıҲóɹģǽֱá

ˡ۸ϻȥǵʱ򣬳Ӿˣ»ذǰѱҲɹãǻʱ򣬾ͲüææŪŪǡ  

ۼԿ׶¼ˣȻЩڿıһɾļңͰ뿪İжˡ

ʣڴ˰ɣ֮ǰȥǣ͸˵´Ѿʲô󰭣ֻǰЩէů˵ǱȽѹһЩ˾䡣

⻰һ˵ڣԭҪĽҲͣסˣֻų·Ļش

·ϵЦѾȫˣҪ˵з磬׼Ҫء

ʰöϾ͹ȥЦЦҲ˲١

˶࣬ܿͰѶϰ

֮ǣԺȥ·ȥŪ˲ϸι

Ÿ¼ҵȥ˳¼ҡ

˵˼仰֣ȥһڸ´ﻹг졣

ֹ˻С˸ȳЦ˵˻ҪȻܺãóԵ㶫ӡ

⻹۸󣬵һۿ˸лĿɨ΢͹СߵĻæ˾䣬ϲϲ

ʣˣ

´Цϵ嶼չ˿ˡ

⣬۲ýӻϴ֣Сļȣ˺˸ԡ

ڼ´Се£ǲĻ⼸пˣͰѳǰСʰǣȻһߣٻƾҪ·ȥˡ  

´Ц˵Сѣ˵մ㳿ĸԺҲ񳿳һӱɰ

ӤƤϸۣϸ޲ʵɵԱͬ˼ССѣԸĻһ˶Ȼܡ

ҺСʱϣҪٵСѲܻϴù׼̫µĻСֳÿ죬¾Ͳܴˣһ˼˵ȷʵҲһʲСĿ

Ҳͽۣʱ˶ҪõĶδĳŻ׼ôණڣ೿Ѷ߰˳¡

ȳǰѷã·Ҳιˣָ·һϲ

Էʱ򣬱㻻˻⣬¼һЩڸǵ飬۸һЩ顣

㷹֮곷£֣ȥʰ۸¼̸δͼġ

ֱۻ˯СҲǰط˯ˣۣ֮̽ǰÿǰҪǸҶ껹Ҫ𣿡

Ҫ۵ǰ˼ջΪ˴¡

͵͵һЦ˵ǰȥɽ￳ʱ򣬿ѾʼðˣһҾ͸·ȥժ㿴Σ

ڼ̫ãٽɣ۵Ҳһȥ

壬·ȻûϾҲһ𣬶ԶɽֻڣŸȫ

˵һʱ򣬳´һ£ѵŵù𣿡

ڳ¼ˣȻ游ĸ͸ǵģԼϣժʱһ֣ҸԼȥ

´˵Լŵʱ򣬾Ѿ˵֣;ȫûʲôõǵˣǵʱѳߣҸСҲûһ㳿档

СȻûûʱԼ϶Խչ˳Խġ

ӳ¼һȥ֣ѾպϴҪõˮ۸ϴڴϣп·ҲҪء

šһ·ոСʱССѿƵˣٵΪУԵЩӯ̬Ц˵⼸꣬¼˰Сúܺá

ĳֽǶ˵СͬˣǱ׵СǱֳɩӿ׵Ĳҡ

ҲͬģǶԼˡ

Զһ£̧۵Ҳܺá

ôһûͷûβĻ۵ҲˣЦ˵Ϊá 













111  һһʮһ  Ҳ





ڶ, ͸ڳȥɽժҶϴɨĻҲ֣, ۳緹, ͰѳҪõĹ߶ϴ˳
  
Щǰһ, кúϴɾʰ׵, ˶ʱϴ

۰ϴɾŵԺɹ, 紵, ԺмǿƮ伸Ƭ꣬һƬպ۲ϴɾ

̧ͷƬ, ֪뵽ʲôвһתͷſŵĽȻǴȥɣ

ȥûͻ뷨ѵ, ȥɽ, ʱ͸ûˡ

ۿŽǷ, ȥɹȳŷݣʱѾ㹻ˣ

ҲȷʵܾûڼҸ߶ˣֻһ£ȻӦ, , ݶ˺þ, ܷ𣿡

Ӧû԰ɣ۲ȷصȥ, ʱú棬ŵȳһ, ͿԴȥŷݣȫ˿ⶫܾܲ÷ţͱ˵һΣҲһֱ鷿û

ɿ鷿ȥó

鷿ܣҲӽСһһҲ˹ȥ

ŷݳʱ򣬾ͿԼ󻹸˸ƨ棬һŷݣһְѳͷԽҿûл߰ɡ

ߡ˵꣬ȥ֣㼸䣬Ÿ˳ȥ

ǼƫɹȳҲƫһڳ˴ӳ¼ҹʱ򣬱Ժɹ̫ĳ´￴󣬵٩˼䣬·Ͼûˡ

ĿͱĴ·ϵʱ򣬾һֱȥȵɹȳ۷ڵϣֱӱס۵ȲԸš

ﻹŴŴغţҪҪ

Цãѳúɣòã

գգۣŬ˼һʱûлش

ٵЩ߳Ȧѷݷ

ķܺã죬ϺŷҲʡ

һξͰѷݷŵϣΪõߵԵʣҲûҷ̫ߣȷƽ֮󣬾ͳ߻صߡ

Ȼ˷ܣΧ۵ȦСԴ߸ߵţ۾Բû뿪ݡ

۶¸ƽӣָϵķݵݷɸ߸ˡ

ɸ߸~ŵԭ¡

ۿŶӿĵӣҲûϲɴķ߸ԼѳãȻɹȳһȦ

Ǹģֱ۴ˣڸ׵ĲϸͲú£˷ܵغҲɸ߸ߡ

ǺЦǸڣķýģʱʱһ£÷ݲ

ȳˣ۾ȥԱ߲ݶﳶ˼ѸɵݳƽڵϣְԼ۵ڲϣȻųֱһˡ

ŷ߹û˵ʲô۵߼˼ճһЩط۰ͰͿŽҲɣ

㸸ɰɣɡڶӵҪ󣬽ȻѾܾվǸ컯֮£ֱӸŷͶһˣôҲ˵ȥ

ֻǶϳʧæһ䣬žͺá˵꣬㰤ų

ȻЩ⣬˱죬Ҳû˵ʲô

֮󿴿ףֿһ̧ͷͷĺûãƤ˯

ѣۣڻȥ

ٵȵȰɡ˵Ҳԭƽŵһ߸ڳϣ⳿

ݻϷţм˯紵һɺ÷⣬̲סпһתۣѾˡ

۲룬Ҳ֪˵ʶʱ䣬ֻ⻰һˣ׾ͻ˾ѹ飬ǰң뵱꣬첻ҰˣҰˡ

͡һЦ˳Ҳû̫ʱ䡣˵뵽ʲôֵĻǽҲժЩȥ  

ҲǲԡЦ˵ʵҰⶫˮ㹻£żһ٣ͦóԵġ

ô˵ˣȥʱ򣬽﹡ժһѵҰУ³һҰг⣬

ǰѲҶժ󣬲ֹۣûõˣҲ֣ڳ¼档

۱֣⼸곴ָϳĬ˳ٶȿ죬һ˿ƻһ˳࣬ĲҶ״̬

ôæʮ죬ֱڣͣ¡

ڣ۾ҪظǣҪǰܶ࣬һʼʹֱӷһĲҶ

ڵļ棬Ѿɣϵʱ֣úһٷ˳һҸͣ˳һ⼸ժҶǮˡ

۸ǰվȻҶ͸ﵽȥ϶Լˣ˻ǾٰÿʲҶļ۸һᡣ

һڲҶļֵ˵һЩҲкܸߵռ䣬Ӱ֮ĺ

оǣСУ¼ҪǮĵطࡣǴ˴λѾЩƷ¼ңǮĻԳ¼˵ӣ϶ԸҪʲҶչ۸񣬳¼˾Ͳþܾˡ  

ҲժĲҶϣ˱˸ǮǮ󣬾ֱӵˡ

û㣬Цҡͷⶫãǻʱ̣ôҼææժҲЩֵǮ

´ȻؿǷһۣҡͷⶫժ˼ˣ֪ܲûҿǾýҪ٣˼۸òǰɡ

屾Ϊ˾൱ֱ⼸ժҶӺأҴҲ׽´ô˵ͰԼǷǮƻؽǰǰȥͺã˴ųڸҲףҲ˵۶ҪõıīֽЩǹӣˣҪǮġڴû˿ɽû˿ȥ԰ժ

ദĺ⣬˶飬˲žֵá

۸Ҳ״̬ϵٺãҲϲԷΪǵĺȻ´ⷬ˶εֵõģЦ˵ǷİɣǲԼΪѵġ

۸֣¼˸ѲǮ

ֻǵڶظǵʱҶһѲˣǸļһͰһ㼦һ׵ķţֹ·ײ

֮⣬ȥ궬ɹĶɡܲɣЩڸǲôĶ

˸֮۰ѽ²һ͸ĸңԼĸæȥ游ĸʣµ˺սһһݺ󣬾ֻԼˡ

պϼԶҲ˸ǣԺʼϿΡ

ĩ³мֻһڣҲǱҪϼҹģԺֻһ١ʱÿѮһ٣һֱôϿεǰա 















112  һһʮ   





ͯԵؿ, ѶȸҪʱҲ

Ժżٿʼһ˾ͿʼΪ׼, ˯, ֶ, ǿ, Ҳݽϡ

һ, ÿҹ, һ볡ʱڰ³š

˵죬һȺ˾ں˶緹, һ޹ص飬ԼһͬȥԺȻظң׼Ϣ, ˾, źӦ֮Ŀԡ

صԼңк, ;ֱ˷䡣

۸ųԺ棬ʱǡӳʱ򣬷ɫ׹

۵ϲãҲϲ, ֻǹ˼С, θ, ۸Զˣķ֮һ, ˸µÿձ׼

ûʱԣӾ, ۵ӺףҼ

ۿЦãѡ˸Ѿ͸˵ӣѳӲĸ߶ȣȻָѯʣ

ţصصСԴ

ժӣžͰˮϴСƤˣŷķ֮һóԼſС

ʣµҲг˰꣬Ҫ˳ͽͱֹҲԳԡ

۶һ£ʣΪΣ

ӶԳθá

ΣӶԲŻ೦θáô˵԰ʣµļŻС

˵Żš֨ѽһ򿪣ź˸ԴָԺм䣬˲˵СʣС۸磬˽ˮ𣿡

۸һۣͬʱסЦصͷԡ 

˿ͻȻһɿܵߣͰˮһһõظֵЩ߲˽ˮ

ǰӣһ߿һСյܹȥ֡

еʱ򣬻ر˵˵дУ

ƱȾԭֱı˲٣ˮĶȻ࣬ЦӦԣǴдС

Ƚһʱ߳ʲôһûѧģҲӣ䷳ؽ̡

ſڿ˻ջĿԽǳǸС

СЦ˵ˮˣųɡ

ΪŵѾǼˣǴ˲Ÿճ극׷ųιۼҵֱˡ

ȥţܿͻɫЩŹֵظ۶˵չ棬ȥ˵

۶սٶЩ̫⣬ҲԽҳȥһˡ

ߵſڣͿսֻȹϵƵģﲻⲽ

뵽ʲô־ţʵʲô

ҽţսɥ˵

ΪʲôҪⲽʣȥԺ˵ô

սͷⲻӰ쵽𣿡

ҽгͲӰ쵽𣿡ѿʵ

սʣᱻӰ𣿡

˼һԶ˵ȷʵܿоãܿеĻҲûʲôӰ죬ϾĿֲΪһǻҡͷᡣ

ⲻ͵ˡ

۾ôȥҪûû˵ҹˣ˵ɣ㵽׽ЩʲôһڼĲ׿Ǹչȥˣ

սһҪ죬ҽŵ̫࣬ȺԼʧ󷢻ӲˮƽֺλڲõĵطǰŷͰͻȻתڹԺˡ

߶߶˵һѣȻᵣĵ⣬ۻ̲סüϵ˵ص㣡

սȻ죬תͷۣЩ˵ҸյĻ¾Ͷھ£Ҫо٣

δ˵꣬۽⿴ŬЦӣѺĻ˻ȥ

۶һ£ŵ㣬ûоˣѵ᪹Ҫڻ飿

Ȼǣսشն

ʲôɵǵģ

սҪ޵Ҿǵİ

ۿﱻ˽ʼ˼ҪҪٰԼҵСʹ׳һء

ֻû˼Ȼͱϡ

սȻҲˣһתͷ˹ȥ

ǳʯԽԽűǰҵĵһƵĹ

ƹ֮󣬺ܿҲ˵ߡ

Ϥˣսϲмôˣ

ʳں漴㱻ǹһĨǳЦ㡣

Ǹմҽݸ͹ģиôԶҲŵʱǹҩζ
  
սȴĿƵӭȥЦ˵ôˣôȥϢ

֪϶Ҫˣŵ˻ԼңҲϡ

ȺѣţҲҵԼڵķڶڹԺſڻϵʱ򣬴ҶǾȵġ

ڵʡ˿ڴ׹㶥࣬Ҳ٣îʱʼŶӣʱ볡һֱʱе˲볡

۰λҵԼĺᣬſߣĳߣҲſߣֽŶ첻С䣬ûס̾˿

δ춼Ҫĵط

ѷֵ֧պãְ˵ڽ䣬ſʼĥ⡣µ죬̫һɹЩȵġ

λȻм䲻ͨĵطȵ̫бʱҲᱻɹš

۾ôںҹڼ˯ڴ⣬ԵҲԼĸԼ俪ˮ

˯ܣİӷİƽǿȥ

Ѿ״̬ܲˣպϳȥо᲻һ㾫ϸΪչǽסһ㡣

ϴεľ飬˹ԺĴţ˾ֱԼԱСȦֲΧߵĿ⣬һ׹㲥ٲŸظҡ

ûԺſڽӣֻųڼſڵţˣæк۸ϴԷ

ڴϵʱ򣬽ҩ࣬ϰá

մҩְţ۸оȫʹĸо˲٣˯ҲʼϮǿʣҩиǱû

ˣϵĶûͣڸ  

Ǿͺã۷֮ǰԺ˵һҪо١

Ȼ˵ĺȷԼûһʣΪͻȻô˵

߽ΪʵڲپһҪںˡ

˵ֱ˯ˣ˲䣬˺Сࡣ

ְƬ̣۵ظñӡ

˳ô꣬˾飬Լҷ˯СĻ֤۵˼¡

ȺԵʱ򣬲֪ͷ컹ۣ˵ƣۻǵһϣͻȻ˱ꡣ

轵ۺмλõãҲ̫ùͷľͲˣͲ˵ˣ궼˺ͷ

۹ѣְѺͷ̿ȼһûж

ͬʱ¸мǵڶؼҵʱĸǲ˹ǣ˵˵⼸տܻ꣬Ƕഩѽ϶Ǹǰһñġ  

һȻûҲûϢã֮ĿԣҲ˵Ӱ졣

ֻǵȿԺʱŷֻ֣һӰѾǺܺˣЩںᣬǱ˷Ժġ

 















113  һһʮ  ԷŰ 




̤Ժ, ǰһ·߲ûôӵ

һ΢Դ˲, ͷ, ûѵӰ, ּǰ

û߼, ڲԶӡ

ѭȥ, , ǼͯҲ˹üʵôûߵţ

Ҳ, ͵Ҽ˹ǡ

ʣͣԭλðɣȥԼ߹ȥС

״̬ȷʵУӦ·Ը, ССǼɢѰսˡ

ۻسԼȥ, ûͿĳ, ųеĴ

˫ĿⷽһϣЦѸڽӿۿͷ˵˾ʲô, ֳָָ

һ˲, ֱӴӽĻ, ſ򣬸ף

ԼҶŴŴ, ýӲʹȶ˲٣ߵԱ, ˫֡

״ҲɿץŵţҪۻ

üëûס£һ̣Ѹٵذѳ̻ȥͬں˼죬Ͽ϶ʹڵأ㻹±һˤˡ

ôܡʧЦҡͷ֣ǰԼĴȥýţϽ̤

δף֮ǰڻһֱͣ

ڿȣֱ۵Ļ˹ȥ

ôĵطҲͷſ֣ۻ塣

ۻ۵ӣԴʣףȥˣ

ڳͷ£ָĶͷžߴ˿ڣЦ˵ȥһҪˣɹ˵ĻͿһֱ㳿ˡ

ڵͣвҪ鵽ʲôǾһֱ浹װףԲԲĴ۾Цתͷ˽һۣЦ˵ҲҪ㳿棡

֣ڳͷϵ£εÿն𣿡

һܰ˵ŻͻȻԱϴЩе˵۸ɿضһۣȻѸ

ͼָսǼӲ߸ϣںһ㣬̴ֵӷţصǺ죬ŵģɫҲһƬҰס

￩һ£Ժ˲ðʶʱǷģ

⼸Ҷ֪Ȼת˲٣׵Ӳǣǰǳ꣬ж䣬ġ

һ˲ûɣֱӰѳţȻѸ߹ȥʵôˣ

ӦںﶳˣЩءֵ

˵䣬ѾԱߣ̴ӣģᶼѾۿתˡ

ǱһϴŵѾֱ˰ѺսҲһҲȥ

һ֮һڸߣ۸ͷ

ԺԽԽ࣬ǱߴĿҲϰµģǰ

о˫׵ĽţʱֻۻҲ˵
  
ŵһֱڼſͣ¡

֪żһͣͰѽ̤ںã÷۸ȥ

ֻʱ򣬽ȱ⼸ں˵ٷ

ߵǰȥʱսźɫǲ԰ףۿģӦǿ޹

ΨգǷ̩ɽǰɫģ

һ۸ҽ׿һһʲôµӣ˲֪۸Ƿ˲١

ںʱȥһ֣תͷգôˣ

ʲô󡭡ջ˵һ룬͵ƳԱߵս´ֻ˸˵ⲻ̫أǰ꣬Щ纮ټĹȣͳҿҩٽһʱգû˵ġ

˵һ£ֲȫת֮ǰÿҽݸҲٹһˡ

ôһ˵۸ͳ׷ˣϾյÿһˣȫΪսĵġ

۸ʵҲĺ壬ȴǶҽΣҪ֪´ﲡôأÿֵҩϴλȥĳ´֮ǰûʲô  

˼ſڣڴӺ¸֮лعתͷۻּ˸ǼҲŵˣҶ˺üģҲϽȥϢɡ

սҲҸھͺá

ۼҲȷʵˣ˵ⲻغվŶ˯

ұûоֶܾ˼䣬ŸԻؼҡ

ֱַǰָԼãȥǼĸ˵

ۼ֣ڼѳԵĸϴҪõˮ׼׵ȥϴٳԶ

Ե⼸գֻܳԸۣڿɿڵķˣ̲ס̻

ֻǳԵ棬ֱڷϾʹ˯

ۼ˺Цؿһѣͼͷһᣬֱ᷹˯ˡ

ط䣬֣šʪëֲ

۳󣬵ֳ㳿һȥ˯

һ˯ֱӾ˯˵ڶյѣƵӴսۿſеĸԺŽʸΪʲô˯档о˶Ǳˮͣް

ڳһʳڵʱӦ档

˵꣬ţǳܵԼںó㡣

ŵһҩζ֪˯ź󣬽ָ

ţֱܹס۵ȡ

۱תһȦʽôˣ

ҾʹȥʹˣոŪҩԡֺҩѾúܶˡ  

Ǿͺá

ȷʵ˵ǰ㣬ֻ˵ⳡ˵ʲô⣬ڷŰ֮ǰѾˣ˷ˣȽƣ⣬Ѿ֮ǰȫûʲô

£Ҫʱ佫ġ

԰ڳʱģΪԵʱڰ£ֽй

ΪӦԺ񵥵ձں棬ҲôһŵŨĹ㡣

۸ﶼ֪ܿһβμӿƾٿˣԵ˷Űգʹųš

ϾЩٲ飬ܾҪȵܶ󣬳μӿ˲лᡣ

ʱһйԱ۵Ļ£ձǰڣ񵥡

ۼһڿͷ˺ôľڶˣżǰ档

Ŀ󣬷ɿɨһ֣ӹϤֺڿ֡

 
















114  һһʮ  




۶ſ, ϲõĵӡӦ˵ϲãнԵá

ڴԽ֮ǰ֪, ڿƾƶ, ĶҪожѡ

ֻǻû̫, ߴĺ˲侲

ѭȥ, , һѳ¾, ͷҲѾ˲ٵ

ʱôҲûЦˣ̵ջĿ, ϸձϵİ񵥿һ飬ĬĬ˳Ⱥ

潹ţҪǱųԼȥˡ

, ſԼҷ, ֻɫ࣬Ҳһ˿Ц⡣
  
һ, ɿŵȻҪ˵ʲôźáϧûãѾǰ

ҵذѳݹȥղһ뿪ں㡣

⻰, ӹʶȥķӦ, ָƽûʲôͬ, һҲļʳ, ͻȻ飬뵽ʲô, ЦʽͲǷо𣿡

һʼǷı飬Ƿо٣϶ˣֻ֮ǰЩȻǾӦˣȴЩҿ϶һ£ʵͲܲθ𣿡

ˣʮ˵꣬Цһ³ϡصɸߣ֮ǰЩӰĻɢĺڰһ֪òԶĵطվӰ졣

ܿ죬ϻЦݣͳ˿ģ

˿ͬϲõģûסƤһۣոձˡ

ҲǹģڵǸЦ˵ϲ˷ɡ

ҲЦü䣬Ҳϲү

꣬ǱսҲѾ񵥼˳üëһкߣȥ

Լҷı飬϶ڴʲôˣⲻɻ󣬡ôˣ

ֻһ䣬ǽԪ



±˵ˣҲȥʼ䡣֮ǰ첡Ⱥ˭ģٽŰ⼸գ˵ã²С˵ʲô黳

ΪҶΪһԵĵһͶˣ϶Ӱ֮Ĵ⡣
  
룬ȻǽԪ

۷˴ų߹ȥʱսѾں׷ˣȻôãΪʲô⼸СͷСӣң

ѵÿͦʵôЦһɴݣڰ֮ǰҲ֪ǽԪ

СԪټԵĽԪﶼֵýĳɼΪѣ߹ȥ󣬵һ»ѡϲϲ졣

ͬϲͬϲЦúϡ

ϣҲס۸սһҪ׷ʣֻĻҪίܶ࣬ǻӰ쵽ĳɼûá

бӰ쵽һЩۣ϶֮ǰŪսʱģ൱ĳ¿ңڶ֪Լ֮Ҿ;ٶȻش⣬ºŲסдꡣɼдһʱ򣬻ЩԺڶЩ̫𵱳дЩʲô

۸ཻ꣬ȻˮƽҲһˣǲأǲƴһ£ľͲǰδʱ䡣

ϾһԣҪȥˣڼᷢʲô˭Ԥϡ

Щ⣬ΪɵȴۿЩȣûоˣҲжӰ죬ôƴҪ۳ôҪô죿

ΧԼˣסߵµҪģزƴ죬ܱδ֪ľҪãʱǵһ죬Ǹô

ô˵ˣ޷ֻ̧ۿź죬죬Ҫ˵Ļ˻ȥȵ˵

սʱҲӡûиúܺáгˣЩ˷ܵʣȻǼ˶ˣǽǲӦúúףһ

ôףЦʣѣ¹硣

ôһѾߵͣĵطˣΧֻʣºٵˣսעѹ¹ֻǼȥܱȵϸһף

ô˵˷׷׵ͷʾͬ

Ƭ̣ȫսףķû

սһ˵ǲŸɺӵףĻȫҼտɡ

˵ⲹһ䣬С۸ϵտ

Ҳһף͵϶ѣ඼ȥʰ͵ͷӦ£ҾÿС

ǰסӹɵģԶһЩսֵһΣѲĸɩҲɣԺºҵô۵ͷˡ

˵꣬ûֻش𣬱۱ڻĳ͸и磡

˶£ڳı£ʣиʲô

һ⣡ն

ۿЦãս˵Ժ󳿳Ҫǳ˸Ի϶Ǳġ

ܹңǳĸ׸̫óԣ˵תֵ㿴ˡ

ʧЦû˵

ȺϵõĶԿ֮󣬹Ҫ˶ã۾ͻѡټһصԭ־ۻ˵ǾһһΣǾܾˣȥɲƹ

ԼúսصҾԸȥϣͣزúԺʱ򣬰һж׼á

Ūֱ֮˰һҸ˹ȥ

ǵʱ򣬺Ѿˡ

ҲñȽ磬Ҵ;һԶ죬һֱžˡ

ڶ¹磬֪˾ٰ죬Щ¿ƾ˱μӡ

˺Ǹ𣬼ǰҪҴ׼վڸǴôã˵۸ˣֳ˲ᡣ

ֵķˣһʱǼܣܾãҪΪ̫Զпܻ˵ǻȥĻ

۸˳ŵһҪʱһˣźù˲١

۸ⷬҲΪ˺ģϾ룬˵˵ԶҲ̫ԶȻг϶Ҫ߶ġ  

Ҳĸÿ游ĸĶҲҪǲС

Ϊ˸˶߶ʱȫˣҵжҪ㶫ǵĻ⡣

ĸߣͬҪģˡ

ڸѧһ꣬˵ûͣβܿоˡ

ֱ֮Ͳ֪Ƕȥеʱ׼˷

Ķ˿û⣬ֱʣμĴˣ

ѧ֪ѧޣͲ۳Ͷٸȥˡۻص˵Ĳǫ黰ֻȡʮˣǵʮ˵ǲ̫֪ʵҲռ˺ܴһԭ򣬱Ͼǳͻı꣬һ÷׼˲ࡣ

Լͺã൱ֹĵԺأ

ԺѧԼѧʿˣӦûȥɡһ£ȵٴ㣬ѾԼչԼܼǵסˣĻһȥһ˰ɡΪ˲μӻԣΪһһ𿴿ǷĶʲôģ

ʱ˿̣»Ҫ֮С 
















115  һһʮ  Ϊʲôûеܵܣ  








, 󲻻ҹС

о֮󣬲ҪϼҶӵۣҲһ, ѡ˵һʱϼҡ

Ȼ, ս˻Щͬ, Żȥ, ҪΪ׼ˡ

۸뿪֮ǰ, ְסһլӺúʰһ, ЩҪȥģܴȥ, ֱȽҪģҲյ˹

ʵȻѾȷǳסլ˻һЩֻһ˶᲻, Կĸ, ʱ˹æά¡

ǺѼһμ, һ˾ˣ˵ǷҲΪ

ȥգٸѧͬУ겻μӻԵѾ, иƽؽпɵϧʣΪβһ, һμĴǡ

˵ûж, ľһֱ, ֻҪ˺ѽ;ͿˣΪЩ˶˽, ʱΪʲôôҲʾ⡣

۸ԸȽҵķʽҲйоصģǻŵ㺢ӣΨսӦһȺˣ٩٩̸

ۿҪæһĸһҵĽߡ

ǲ֪˵ʲô߹ȥص̣磬ҪǼ棡

£ϱǲõµЦݣӦúúãһ档

۽ӻǻȥȰѷһ֮ĸпյʱҸСסһʱ䣬͵ǿͬķ羰ˡ

һ£βǺСӵصͷӦ£á

ൽ˳ʱﲻᣬǸ̸úñ壬

ţЩᣬҲչ˺ó

ʻһξˣûס𳵴濴һۣͿӲӡ

Ҳ̲סۿ

סļԺÿ꣬סϰµһ¡

סôüҪû˹ˡȥȥҴסһľĸһҷֱвᣬڡ

һĸ˶˾ˣȥ϶ܵعٵĽӴԼΧۡ

Լһ󣬾·ʱ䣬õִʱ硣

һֱų±ڵ£һֵѳ§ڻס˫

ظϴβͬϴӭӣֻΪСԪ

λԽԪĺΪҲǱӭӵˡ

䲻ǹ㽻ºѵԸ񣬵ҲӦ꣬ҲǸԸ

ǶһڴԽǰͰѽʵúܺãһǰĳЩ滹΢һЩһʱĽ̵Ӱ죬ٴĳ棬ҲӦ

ԵȰһ㶨شʱ򣬳˳֮⣬۸״̬Ǳ飬ƽ졣

˴һӦֱ꣬Էĵ㣬¼ȥԷϲ˲뿪

ϯϣ´ۣԺǾʹشסˣ

ۡšһصȥһ꣬Ǿüá

ڴ˵ǾŷԣѾ磬̶ֳȵķͺ

ԣסǣǱҴ΢һЩѣûʲôˡ

ҴͲͬˣ磬ۿĵһطĵط໥ȥ˳

ͶƬҲԸᡣ

οۻҪƬһ˺ܾõ¡

ʱ¼ֻ֪شס̽ʣҵķӦҪһɣ

Ͼ۵ȻͬգֶˣסǼªķЩס̫ˡ

Ǵһ£ٶཨӡ۵ͷ

ʣѡõط𣿡

ĻѡطԭӲؽͺˣЦ˵Ȼط˵ĻǰµǿͲԺ𣿡

·Ե㶼ǾүˣȻ᲻ǿ

Һֹ᲻ǿԺĲ԰Ҳ᲻أֱ׳˵ˣҼˣӿɺóˣ
  
Ժǿӽһ붼ĳ·޷

˱߳Աģһٷ󣬺ܿһһǰϤС  

ϵķ˳£Ҳൽ˳˯ʱ䣬żﻹвٵҪͶΧڳ·ҡߵĳûȥ˯ˡ

ż⿴ҡӤŻظ¼˵лȻһһ˫ߡ

۸ҲĶŲӡ

ֻղų뿪ʱҪſһ۵ĶЦʣϲܵ𣿡

ϲصصͷܵġ

ظ۶һۣղʱ򣬳ҪȥܵܣСʹȥˣû뵽Ȼ֪ܵġ

ϲܵܵĻԺԾܵ档߳

кӣҾסԱߣԺ϶ҪһģҳĳɳУȷʵҲҪ飬·Ķӣһܺõѡ

ǡССԴ˴ɻ󣬡ܵܲǳĵܵܡ

˭˵ģʡ

Сùãյ˵ֻܴܻܵԼĵܵܣܸסһ𡣡

ۡ
  
Ƕ˶һۣһʱ֪ôӻ

Ͼ飬Ҳоеġ

ֻǵĳĬûó£ֱڴ϶۾˯ˣԲģʣףΪʲôûеܵܣ

֪²ͨãƳǲᰲ˯ģԴʣеܵ𣿡

صصͷ룡

ֵ˵֮ܵ󣬸׸˱֮⣬ᱧܵܣĺģҲָܵ棬ĺóԵģҲһܵܡ

˵һ䣬ϵľͶһֱ֣˵꣬۲ʣĻ㻹Ҫܵ𣿡

֣ص˼ãʣǵܵܰ϶𣿡

˲ˣȻһֱעضԳԼӳڣȷʵûôӴ൱ĺӡΨһʱһֵĶӣҲȳüꡣ

ų˵ᣬÿ춼棬硣

Ҫܵܡ

׼סĻˣЦ˵ڸ˯ˣԺ˵ܵܣҪŵܵһ˯

ٶ£ԼСҲǺá

Աߵ˯ţֹ˻ųȥ

ûߵſڣͿűߣЦʣ͵Ǹ˵

Ƥһۣ죬ô

˵أü˵Ҫܵܣ

תͷȥۣòСҲǲ԰ڰˡ

 














116  һһʮ  ֻϲһ  




ٸܵ, еģֻ˵ǰø׼

£ȴǵＱ账, ˵լӡ

۸ڻ·, Ѿ, ˾ɷӺ, ԭַ½լԺ

һڵķ, ȷʵ, ޶ˣǿ˯, Сƫ˵Ļֻܰ鷿ǸСʰˡ  

ĺܲ㣬Ҳ˭ʺס鷿ġ

оǣѾǾ, ֲȱǮ, סվЩˡ

լҪԭռ, ޽֮ǰۻðԱߵĵһЩС

ұƫ˰¼Ǳ⣬һ߸涼, ҪҲס

ڶȥ, ˵֮, ŽǮةֱ˹һط

һԺõ, ֶԤһЩط滹Ļ, ͲȥˡҾ㲻ĵҲ԰ӡ

õȦ󣬾ǹ򽨷ҪõשľģҪ׼һҽڼסĵط

۸һЩԼĴ㣬վû飬Щʱ򣬾˳¼һҹæο

´ѵשľЩʱ򣬿Ǽ߽ȥţ֪򵽺öҲ֪ÿļ۸˼ҿ㲻ʨӴ󿪿ڡ

ôġڴԽ֮ǰһֱΪҪԼֲúܺõ飬ǾͻǮרҵˣαΪԼҪİҡ

˵סĵطǮҴϷӵ˽ס¡

ұˣӲͬҼҾмһֱŵӣһ䣬ֻ֪ģ䶼ǺܴסôܱÿͷܵҪãסҼȥӵĽȣһ粽ľô

´ҲĻӰʰһӦþ͹õˡ

۳һ£Ĳ˵տ㣬ȷʵ˵úеҲĶڸһ󣬾͵ͷӦ֮£Ҫ鷳ˡ

˵ʲô鷳鷳Ц˵סһ𣬻Щ

鶨󣬳ǰ˾Ѹٵж

⼸۸˳¼Ҳ٣ǳ´ǳҪǣܳ´ˡ۸˴򣬻Լ飬ó¼ҳٲҩ⣬ʲôûѡ

غòۼҽլԺ¼ȻҪץúð黹ȥ

ʵ۸ӣ¼˰æҲ˼Ұװ

ҶǱͬ뷨ŻһֱԽԽ

֮שľĵȥשľģڼᶫİᶫֹȷѸ١

Ū׵֮󣬱˴˹ѾɵķӲˣڵػ

һɵؽţȵػںõʱ򣬸պҲյʱ򣬴ûæػҲÿԳʱɹ

ҲбҪȥæϾ͵ս׵ӣΪѣսȥӭס

սǶ֪ۼ֮ǰķӲˣסڳ¼ңȥӭǰһһΡ

룬ýۼȥǽ׵ʱ򣬵ȥ顣

ʵؼôһˣ첻뿪գڼģٲãҲԻܼסһʱ䡣

ԽЩɡ

ʵ۵뷨ǸԸȥؼ͵ģϾ֮ǰڸǾͰסϵΪ׽סվ;ôšоǣϾյļڣ¼˿϶ҪæڵĻƣųڳ¼ҿűһҴææĻǲ̫ãæĻųѾˡ

ų֣ȥؼңڳ¼Ҹ¼Ҹɻĸɴࡣ

ȻҲΪͬԭЩĶ˵ʲô󣬾ͷӦˡ

磬˾ʰһЩԼҪõģԼȥʱ͸ĸĶȻų֣һȥ˺ؼҡ

۲Դ˵Ǿ仰ͷǳĲûסʵո˵ʲô

óһʱ䣬Ц˵˵һӱɰĺӡ

ʣǡ

ѹֽ쿴ƽʱҲЩ֮ͬǰΪΪսҪףܾÿģû뵽ȻΪԼ¡

ţصͷ

ΪѣҲΪÿģϾһǸĻиȷʵҪһŮѵöࡣ

ϣһھס˺ؼҡ

Ѿܶ˵Ļ˯ǰָ뿪ɣҪ壬ȥӻԽ죬ֻеųҪԹŶ

ͷһ˵Ҳȥ

̲סʧЦȥĻҪϴþúþõģϻػҪãۺ۵ġ

ǾͲȥˣϵ᲻ۣ۵ӵҽҪ˯

ã˯׸м䡣³Ӧ൱ˬ죬ȴǣôǣ·޺úǸС֪ԸԸԼһ˯  

ΪҪ뿪գ˯ʱۻ˯ǰ¡

Ȼڶڳûѵʱ򣬾ͳˡ

սյĻ£ˮɣ˫˵ףжµġӭ׳Ϊ·;ңԶһЩ⣬֮ûʲô»¶Ŀ飬᪼Ҷֻ˼һ¡

˽ӻȥ󣬻аͣһǶɣ۸Ҳʮˡ

գҲʮɣսõĵڶ죬˾ʹų˴

ֻȥѷӽãǲסȥٽסڳ¼ҡ

ûǮˣĲ˵ģլӽٶ൱죬ʮʱ䣬שլԺѾ깤

ǽúܿ͸ˣʱĶǲкʵģҪͨãͿֱӰȥס

½լӣ۸ǰ˸·磬Ѹ˹ů

⼸꣬ԿԣڴĵλҲˮǴߣףĴˣ˵ҲЩ黰ֵġ

ϣ˸ϷڴڳϷ

սǽҲۼңҲһˣסҡ

Ⱥ˾һʱĲĻ⣬Լ顣

۸ӦҪȥϷתһȦʱ򣬹ųϷѾӽβ

ҲûбˣûŸϹȥ

Ϸ˺ܶ࣬Լ⣬вǸġ

˹ȥʱվ棬ڰҲûע⵽

ɲɣպǰ̸ǡ

һ˵ǰ˭뵽н졣

ԱһԲǴ˽ӵǴֻ벻ǴүйԼˣЩӣûѳӶˡ

Լ˱ֻǸпһ䣬ô˵ͱߣͽĪʸ֦ڻ飬ڿ˾˾ֺڣǻʹء

ڴûнӻ

Աȴ˲˵㻹˵Īֻ

ҼСӸҵģ˵㽾Ҳһ飬˵ûٹ꣬Ϳ³Ҳһһ·˳˳ˣֻҪиţǼҵ︳Ͳˡ

֮ԱһάֿʼԼҺҪҪҲȥ顣  

۸תһߣǮ·ᣬæȻϷûٶ

ȥ·ϣһŵһŽҲ˵̲סʣʲôأ

Ҫѹ£Լһɽ¡

ۣһΪղ˵Ļ

ʲôģüֻϲһ𣿡 














117  һһʮ  ԰ 






۵ЦںڰдԶ, ǵԭֱ׳Ľ첻˼ˣ߬ĵָЦŵ˵öԣ

ûнӻ, ֻ΢΢һ¡

ߵſڵʱ, ͻȻ뵽ʲô, ոм˵, Ҳֻϲһ

˵㻹ϲ𣿡۵, ǰ, ߵĹ⣬ճЦ̵ģ, ˣҪ⻰϶˯ˡ

ʼ磬رܵϧһ, ô, ԸⰤ˯Ǿֻ˯ǸСˡ

Ƥ, ЦЦؿۡ˵ʲôнŲͷͿǣųſ߹

˫, ۾, СŬ߸ߵż, ԴʣסȥˣôòŻ, Ҫ˯ˣ

۸Ŷаģ˸ղŵĶԻ, Щ顣

ֱӵķӦǱͷۡ

ƤҪһЩֻӣǰ𳿳ھʹȥ˯

պó˳עں棬ʴգˣ

ûУҡͷܹԵġ

ȷʵԣú壬۸ϴ꣬ȻʸеɵСϡ

ֻǹȦĿ⻹ԱߵĴϣ۰Ͱ͵ۣҪˣף׸𣿡
  
ȻԣҿԸ㿴˵βһӺ󣬵˾䡮ֻ̡صСʣɣ

صͷȻرɺãֻ¶һ˫۾ۡ  

۰ı˵㣬¶촽ӣŸҲҴãý޲ѹסŪ֮ڳ£۾׸㽲¡

ԭ۾ҲһһӺܿͣ£ѻĽëڰ۵Ӱ

ͣ˵£˻ȳ˯˲ųȥ

ƫڼߣܿС

һֱڵϷ඼ɢˣЩ˲ŸԻط˯

Ž˷䣬СϺ˯ĳ̲סͷƳۣʣ㻹óԼ˯˰

ǰԼҲͦϲСġֱ׳

ЩΣ쿪ʼˣͲ϶ô

Ӧòᣬһ˯صģ۳һ£˵࿴Ρ
  
֮ǣִ˯Ƿֶˡ

֣Ҳû˵ʲôϾڲ֣ҲҪֵġ

սۼסղŻؼңǻȥʱ۸Ҳͬȥϣɽصȷ

عټۣЦ˵ҲЩҲˣǴɣ

ȲʵЩɽصĻ

û˵꣬ͱعٴϵǴ岻ÿзֵһɽ𣿡

۵Ȼ֪ǴÿһСɽأ˼ҶɽׯңֻǵԣͲá

عȻҲ뵽⣬źЦۣʣҪɽģҿǲķΧڡ

һƬͩȡ۵

عٴóϷã૵ǻɽҲûʲôð

ûҲû˵ȫֻҴɽֵ㶫

عûٶʣֻɽÿĶǮԼΪˣжٿԼ˰һһ˵

ʵƾٿԣԿʼҪʣ۶˾ˣĻ᲻Щ顣

ֻع˵ʱҲûϣһֱع˵꣬˲ԼãعڴȥɽԼڵؽ硣

ɽصȷ۾ȥؼҽ˽һϹ˻Żȥ

֮Ͼʱڣȴæµ֮СɽԭŵĲҶҪյҲһЩ˴󣬿һЩϣɳչ

ѲҶչһҵĻƬҰվ̫СЩҲҲϻһ졣

ֻвֳµģſԱ֤þõȥ

۴æô顣˴﹤֮ǰµĹǮһʮһ졣

ۼ궼ûʲô仯ʮǮһǺܲˣʱﱾûʲôҪһ˵Ҫ£׳˼ˡ

۵ҪҲ򵥣ǰɽԭŵֲﶼڵŪһ÷ֲ

Ҳûµɽһζ꣬һҰô࣬һҲޣǰɽڳҲá

һ㣬ҲҪһ㣬һ԰һɽֲڵֻʣǵҰȻˮʧֻһһ

ǴˣôĵؿģٲҪʲô

Ȼᱻ֪۸ҲǾʹŴһ

ֻڻõʱ򣬷˵Ը񶼽ִ֮ǰ϶ῼȫж

Ƕ֪һǱ˵ģ󲿷˶ôϧͬģŵҲô

ֻҪҪһ𣿡

ɽľǧǧҲվֻľѣȳɵǮ֪ҪʮˣǾ˲ý˰ȴͬа˲Żһڡ

Դ󣬶Ҫͷ׬Ǯ·˻ô̹Ȼ˵һô

ҶòܣѾǾ˵ݡ

ΨһֱڸժҶ¼ˣô˵ԼĲ²⡣

ѩǰֲƬɽҲˣ¼ҶϾʱ䣬һҸȥͣ㷹֮ɳӿۣɽʴҪҪһǴԺֳ㶼գ

۴ûס¼˸壬ҲҵӣҲûҪֱӵҶգǴ̴ƲҶ

ֱӰѲҶ˵˳¼˸Ǿȣ¶Ȼ˵ı顣

죬̿ˮѿڵ飬Ӧ̸ֻԼǡ

ԺԸѧȻ̣Ц˵ڽ̴ˣͬͬ壬ҼȻ·Ҳһѡ

ȻǼ˵û˵ڵǣȫֻһ˳·£ȻҲüǮΪĲޣҲܹƷ

ȫһ֣۲ֲò裬ʱ·򿪣׹֪кò裬ľͲǴˣԼ

´ĬãŻ뷨ȻΪҺãòҪھͰй¶ȥҪ̴ֲ賴衣ٹЩ꣬Ҷ鱻֪Լĳ̴ٽ̡

۸ԭ뷨ֻǶڳ¼˸壬ԸһЩӦ³´ĶЦʣǴأôƻģһ֣궬Ҫѵʱһ˳ĻӦȳһЩָǡ

⻰һ˵ڣǳ¼˻壬϶Щ

Һܿ侲˵ǵȸһұ͸ߵýɽظָж˻ʱ֮ǰɽ˵Ļó˵£ĳٻϡ࣬

˵ĶǺܻܿᷢģˣʧ䣬ʾͬ

۸֦ͷӦ´ĻǾذɣҼһ飬õѡ

ε˵ز͵ڸߴҪֲôôĶĿס

һȥͺˣ۵ȶ˵ҾɽزֶЩ

ʵǸеķ¼˸ˣͷУͰ˵

 













118  һһʮ  



¼Ҹɽص, ֱӾͽȥˣԼʼﱸҪõĶ

ǿ쵽˲Żؼңûճ, ҵصЩ岮, ȻҲЩ, վǲá

Ǻ, Ϊ, ⼸겻ֹǴ, ӵҲʼ֡

˽ǧɸۡԼҵȻԲô, Ҫġ

ʱ䣬۴Խеˡ

ҪĵĲ࣬ÿճ˿д, ֻųͺá

ʶһķ, رĶ࣬ܶʱ, Ҳ̲ס롣

ôһ죬һԭͼõĸ飬һ̨ס

ȹ֮꣬, ֿʼæµ

˵ڼ֣, æʱ, Ҳ˰æЩҪô, ٣ǵԼȥš

ҪֵׯҲ˵, ֲƬɽģݹ¸ЩҰĻԼԼԲϰԵ˽⣬֪ȫûһ㶫Ļڲ

ԿԺʼðѿ۾˸õӣȥЩʵڲ԰

ھǴʮԶĵطһֳ֮ǰ͸ֳԼãҪȥ硣

·еԶ۸˸硣

Ҵҳ緹͵ȥ׺á

ۡšһؽʳּ˸ȷڽ

ӻûջȾͱɱĳסͬʱģг˷ܵʻףǽҪȥ氡~

ſӵֶһ£ų۾һʱЩĸ첻ȥ档

ߣǽǸӴ۵Сۣγ֣͵㸸׽Ҫȥ£ڼҡ

˫һ¿ͷŶһͶЬ⻺ؽߡ

ۿһͿԳգգ۵ҪһȥɣҲѡһԼϲ

˵죬ƺҪ͸ϽǰҶٹһ꣬͸öϰˣڴ֮ǰӦʹ졣

ͬ۳ô˵еֻûסСֹһ䣬ҪǰҰˣʱϰָô죿

Ф˭ֻҰ˵ӣʧЦָСҲ˸ȣ˵ˣмǳԵĺӣ
  
Զԣֻת¿ĳָСȵ㸸׼еȳ꣬ſȥ档

ãͷӦ£ŻصϺ󣬾ԼСӣ룬Թɵķּڳ˵еȡ

֣֮㿴ңһڸȥũ

ҹ¹һСֻ꣬ʪľ֣·棬Ȳճϡ࣬ҲҲΪҹǳС꣬ø¡

紺ŵݮצؿ·ߵľϣƺҪԶµӻ˭׵ʤѩ

ſڳϣ˫ۺϴʱʱһͷ۸ӣк˫һȥ

ؼ֮۸ɴһſڴߣһ߿һ߽̳·ߵֲ

Ҳ£ȵĿĵغ󣬻һһ߽ո׿ʲô

һۣͶ¸ƽӣЦǻȥʱָ𣿡

ֵıһ˿գСҿܡмǲסˡ

ûϵģķܼסپ͸ߵ١

áصصͷſɰЦ³ϡ

ߵ˻ȥҵֳҴҸϹ

ֳǸʮСͷ൱һ·ҴҲЦۣҪЩʲô磿

󣬵ļ̫ҵʱܹĻҶ״̬

ͷҪƬ̣ôԶ磬ҪĿ϶ɽڵƷֳ֣еִɸѡһ飬˼Ļҽļͻ＾ˮժһá

ۼ˶ͼǰҼ޽һѡõĸ꣬ĹСȭͷСִ𣬽պóܳԵĴСҪȥ

۱ûþҪʲôֳ˵ѾѡֻҪ粻̫

һһ·󣬳ͻȻָԶѩһƬף˷ܵصסӻ

ͷָķЦ˵ӻһɽ¡˵תͷʣСϲӻ𣿡

𾪣ŵؿۡ

ǻشͷĻֻǸպ·ϣɽļӻѡ

ֶԳӻһЩҲͬȻæˣҴȥϸ

šһӦ£˫ۻǰͰ͵ؿƬס

κڵ׸˫׶ϲֻܱһȥ

δֻܴ֦ĴϸѿĴСжƷʣ۰һ飬ģ͸ͷ

ͷ֪Ҫö࣬û뵽ɴҪô࣬ϲЦտصǱ߷ĻǴ쿪ʼͰ͹ȥҪе࣬Ҫ꣬ɲ

ԡ۵ͷһ͹ȥ뼸Ծͺˣʲô¡

ִ֮ųȥӻŻȥ

ڶ㿪ʼ½½ۼͣ˴֣ôĶ˶ЩɽŪɹ԰ЩΪʲôÿôԶ

ֻҪ۸ǰҲ͵֪ôһ˵ģֱ˵յҪá

ͷ԰һ͹˳β

֪Ҫ۾ûȥɽ

ͷŸţͷϣù̶õС磬ͷδ価İ׻

۸ųͷָųϵҹţҲǿţһһ͸Сӡ

ˣЦŵлֶԳллүү

ͷڵģѰŸһ˳Ҳõ˵ģ·ϵҲ͸ϵ롣

ȷʵġ

ͷǮ뿪ʣҲҪɽȥ𣿡

ʲôɽȥƳѾվԱ߶ſ˵ĳ̧̧°͵ǳϲôԺַǰĻ̳Ժ󳿳סǼ䷿ԡ

Ҳаɡܾóڲֱܷϲãֻǳμѡ

Ҳʲô£ԺϲԱľǡ

꣬ҲʼðѿˣֻûǰһŴˣǹ˳弸ȥժҶ
  
Ƭ֣Ѿ˽С  

 




















119  һһʮ  ܵ 





, ֻҪǴر졣ժҶ磬Ǵ弸˾Ͷ֪ڸժ

ôһЩԹ, оٻ, ˽լ, Ƭɽصľٶ, ¼ҺϰΪ̬ȡٽ⼸ۼѸٷ, ѾԼµ, ƾⶫ۱Ǯ

ٶһЩģЩӵ, Ѿ֪꣬Ǵ汲նòÿû˾ûбôЩҲûЩ࿴һۡ

ͻȻ, Ū˲ٿյ, ҲҪЩ϶ĽѲ˸ϵ, ۳֮Ҳۼҿʼԣת۵㡣

뵽ģΪԼ̲࣬ס, ɽҰ, ô۸ء

Ȼǲڵĳɹ, ˶ãٲ˽Ĺ͡Ͼֺô, ֮󣬲ſʼŬġ

뷨, Ҳѣ˵ݰҲҰЩó˵ͱ۸ǰȥ

ֻĥţۼæһ֮ĳȥ˵˵ûϣܹŴһǶȥɽصʱ˵һأʴҪҪһֶǴȻˣڳȥʵĻӦûġ

۸ܲµһЩ˵뷨⡣

԰ĵһ죬ΪŸոðѿԵʣСҲܵɽȥһժҶˣһʱ䣬ժҲࡣ

ɼͰѴժĲҶ꣬úʹųȥڳ¼档

ϲ·Ķӣһֱ浽춼ˣҪؼҡ

ǳǳ¹£һŸףһŵߣ˳¼ҵţԴۣףʲôʱŻԼĵܵܰ

۸û뵽ͻȻ˶һۣЩȻıЦ£Ŀ£ڽͣһŵͷʳôͻȻˣ

׸ǰӦѽ۾¶һЩίѵǶ𣿡

Ȼûæֳһ˲ż˵ֲܵƽߣҪ˼վУҪȾһЩС

׷ᣬһЩǶã

Σתͷѯһ½õ׿϶󣬲ŵǶѩʱ򡣡

һС˼еã֣صͷҼסˡ

ֶڲܸ߱ˣ塢г¼ҵǣһ˵Ŷ

Ϊʲô⡣

Ϊŵܵܡ˸ɡȻҲикӵʱ򣬲Ҫ˵ȥķף۾ûпѧݵ飬ŲŶνó˵ȥҪԭǾñ˴Ӻ֪£϶Ϊ顣

˵ŵܵܣ絷㲻ͣصͷһһֻ۵СסͣʾԼԻúñܡ

һߵſڣſվ˸ˡ

˵Ӱ󣬳͹ɺ塣

ɻʣôȥ¼ҲС

ӷɿ쿴۸һۣЩصֻһ¡

лҪ˵ͳ۵ͷȴȥϴ衣

۵ͷšһֶϴʱ֣ҪĻ

֪ѩʱͻеܵܣ൱Ĺɣ˫˵ʲô;ԲĻͦСظͷ֪ģ

ýȽȥǸӵĽŲˣŶԶӵҲȥ˵ɣſڱ˿˲á

ӹȻͷӦ¡

ۿ̬ȣ֪⺢ϸģҲԣ͸ȷΪʲôϵԼˡ

ҲûȥԺ棬ź󣬾ڵǰվ

ӵôãｨ裬һͣ£ֱ˵С۸磬ժҶӻҪһȥժҶӡÿǮ  

ü֪𣿡

֪ӵҲͬ˵ġ

ժҶӣҪ컹ûɽ·Զͩܻǻ֮ġۻ

Ҳµģ˵Ц£ڣõĲǻ

۶۾Ƭ̣ŵɣһˡ

ãӾϲӦ£˵۷һһ䡮ȻȥˡʹҴˡ

ҡҡͷݡ

ڸϴ裬ۻʣ˵Ҷ£

۵ͷϴӣѸղŵ˵һ顣

꣬һ²ŵ⺢ǰͦµģȻԼҹˣȥҲ޷

˶ǵã۾ˮɽޣǶȰ˴ˮǵһվ˵ھ˵ġиڴҪ͵ҲǶӱš

ֳִȵĺӣﶼϲġ

Խ˵ҲѸժҶһȰţȲɲ輾ˣһǮ
  
ȻӦҲ˵ӵĿ϶ȸǮǮĻԼ˵ȥҲ²СϢй¶ˣʱȫ˶˵ҪժҶ˼ܾҲٻˡ

ڴҾ֪ҲѸģ˼鱾Ͷ࣬¸ͩƫ˶ԸȥҲԸúѹˡ

֮ǲɲ賴裬æüûʲôͣЪ

ǽڵ壬̫ۣÿۿųĻ𣬾۶š

ˮţĳʱѾ쵽Ѯ

̨Ż𣬴İ˵ǼӦõ˰ɡ

Ӧ絽ˣ裬ĶûͣԤƻǰ߰쵽Ϥ»Լ״̬

ǲȸǣϳ˸Ǻ󣬻ҪϽʮյˮ·ܵǲҪԼ·ôʱĴͬƣ۲

оԶҲͬǹȥ϶ҪЩʱӦ

ŪһĻ𣬸пҪǷһμӻԵĻҲھˡ

ҵûвμӡ
  
ӻٶ̫̫ϣҵýһʱЩӦɻʣΪΣ

Ŀڽϣɣܾã񣬸ƽʱɵʱЩͬ

Ž㿴Ц˵Ҫæ׼ԣҪȥǣĵܵܣ

 














120  һٶʮ  ѧ  




, ǲ˵Ҳס

õȽܿ󣬹Сĵ̬, ԼԹ, ʲô, ٲŵҪı, ޶˺ͳ¼, Ͳµ˽

۸˵, ޶Ҳʣֻ֣ƽնԽչ, ʳҲ׼һЩ嵭Ӫġ

¼ͬǳ´ǳ, ´ֱʣǲҪˣ

۸ش, Աߵĳգ۵ͷӦţ׸˵, ѩʱҾԼĵܵˣ

˵꣬ͻȻʶ׸˵²ܶԱ˵, ˫ס, ֻһ˫ԲĴ۾, ֿۣ

³ķ, Ц£˵ûϵˡ

ٿһ, ĿþҪȥСùá

۸һ£˶û뵽ȻǵЩЦãֶãԺų˵ʱ򣬲ԼҪرע⣬Ҫû˵ʲôС

Ѿ£Ϊ׸ǵñóЩ˿ܾЦ⣬Сӵģ൱еġ

´ӲԣɻʳΪʲôǸСùã

Сù˵ܵܲҼҵģҲܴ˵Ҫ߹ùãѩҾԼĵܵˣԼĵܻܵסһһֱ档

ıﲢʮ´ӶˣС˵ǳҵĵܵܣָ·Ķӣڳ֪ҪԼĵܵˣȥСꡣ

ҲΪˣ˵ĸ˷Ĭˡ

⻰ǸˣǸĺ˵ģǻһЦƫƫǳôСӣֻųĻ˵ãȻȥСùáȻȥʱҪСԺô˵

õӦ󣬳һֱڴҶ֪ѩʱͻеܵ˵Ŀ֮У֪֣ⷬôҶĽ۶ı˲١

ǽ֪ǵô֮ǰ飬̲ס룬ҪҪó㿪ʼ֡

룬Ҳû̫ʱԽ̳ۡ

԰տ԰ʱΪҶδȫÿժĲҶ࣬۵ɾܳꡣ

ԽӽҶٶȷɿ죬ժĲҶҲʼֶĵѿѡһѿһҶÿժ࣬һͳꡣֻ缸˵һӺ󣬾ͻһˡ

ɼȵֹͣɲ賴ʱۻ۸оȫĹͷɢ˼ܡ
  
ÿժ趼ժʮҼֹҲ⣬۸ԣȲҶǸӿصԼҲҶƷʡ  

һֱæڼңڰѺɵĲҶЪ˼գпɽȥ鿴Ƭ԰

岻ɽСҲܴȥǴ·ỹжһȥģջȥӲصĸо

Ȼտ϶ҪȵӲҪɵöࡣ

棬ԸȽվ˵ݣ˵עִ硣Ϊͱ۸·ᶼСһЩ˵Ҳô⡣

ֻг·ᣬ̫ûһɽˣһ·߶߶˵ͣ·֣ڴصǰ¹꣬Ȼǻʱ򣬿ȥ￴ûгĢҪеĻԼЩȥһϲ

ԡ۵ͷӦ£ɽ˿һЩĳƣûҪ顣ɽﳤĢЩֹӸСϲҲһ򰮵òС

ֻǽ϶ǲԼɽժˣŪһЩȥô

￴ƣȥ鿴ǰЩԵЩƵػε˹¡

ֲ֮Ѹ̶̼գԭժüҲѿĲһۿȥȫ֦  

·ժ˿һµĲҶʶȥѿ˼ŻعѾժҶˣЩεջ֡

ۿǵĶЦ£۵Ҷ벻ѧ裿

⻰һ˵ڣ𾪵̧ͷ˹

·ỹãϾ֮ǰ˵̴ҳ裬ֻڱΪʱҪöѡ

죬û˵

۵˻һ˵ģһ⣬üʵôѧ

ûУԸ̣мΪЩۼôãȻӵı¡

ȻӸǻҴʱҲ벻ͨΪʲôҪôȵ˴ӷˣɵذһ׮׮һ֪ⲻѡʽѣӵ϶ֻǰΪԺҲֻ֣ˡ

Ƿ޶ˣҲ˽۹ΪߵˣһֱĲԺ˵ıµĵ

ôҲû뵽ӻԸԸѧ裬ԼֱĶ飬ǻգԺûǷ޶˵һϯ֮ô

˵ȻعҪг·ڣһֲϲ̫أҪлˡ

Լ˵ķҲû벻ոƹô˼Ļش󣬾תͷȥʶӣأ

ӱĺеĳ侲ѾϢˣ۵Ļ˫Ļصѧ

˵ֲһ䣬ллС۸硣

ףָЩ̵ѿѧժЩҶȥϰÿΣԵĲʼ裬ǵӦþͲˡ

ôһ˵˱˼

һ֮ÿǳƬҰ԰ĲҶѾǼˣȼԵĲʼ裬ûְæĻĲҶֻ˷ѡ

ҪǸʱſʼѧôܾ׼ջַ

ȻֻϰǲſʼѧȫûҪٸ֮ǰĲҶǰ㣬ֻժѿһѿһҶĸ˰ֻ֣ܿժ¨ĲҶ

ȥʱ򣬳·˷ܵòУҪȥĢ£Ǻ޲ܳϳֱӷɻؼȥ

Ȩ˻ȥ۲˰뱳¨ĢһŻȥ

ֻۼֳɵĹߣҵطҲһμԱѧϰҲתԽ̳ĵطȻѡҡ

ϵ̴̨߽ôƻ

ƻѾ൱˵ã˴´࣬ΪеԵʣ¯۾ȥϢˣԼ߿ų·ǳ衣

¨۲Ҷ·һֱꡣ

۴ǰѶʰãŴרĶȥ

ųԺӣǰѾװ˴۵⡣

ۼǵϾͳһҶԷԵ˲٣ɻôֶôӣ

һЩ񣬾֣ȥЩЦŵǸ滵ˣֵ˸

ô˵û֣Ժ֪϶ȥɽϣ⼸ãٱ¨ȥɽ೶Щһɹ˰ɡ

ǽ쳶Ķϸ񣬼һ¨˿ֻ⣬ˮɹɣûˡ

סڴÿԼҳԵ⣬ҪͳȥҲ٣ԱͷӦ£ȥְɡ

˵Լȥһǣ·Ӽﻹ£Ȼȥˡ

Ժֻʣһڣ۸ظŻʱ˵ϼ仰ӰԽԽߵб

һ¨񼴽ʱԺͻȻŵ

ȥ۷ӣʱϽѯʵĿ⣬˵ͷӦǡ

֣ȥɽﳶˣȲ˵ʱ᲻ˣҲԼš

ҪǼ˽ȥ԰ժ˲ҶƲ磬˾Ͷ֪¡

۹ȥѴȻΪףվŵˣȫǴ¸صĳ

Щ˵ϣŵһ޵ĿЦݡ

 




















121  һٶʮһ  һֲ  




Цʣλ岮ʲô𣿡˵Ŀɨ, ¶һǡôɻ顣

վôʣǳ£δʧ̬, ̧ۿбϽǵܡ

Ϊ˽۵ʦ, ֪֪ʲ, ˾Ͳͬ, ˵, 㿴, Ҳ˼˵ֻ뿴ǰͷ

ɤ, ȥ˵ɡ

ǲŷӦæõһߣλ롣

ԺҴк, Ҳغүү

, ӵܹŵգЩ۵, ˳Ļ󣬶˲٣ЦôػӦ  

ۿЦ£˵岮ǹҪ˵, Ҳһɡ

áӦ, ˳Ƴ, ˵һߣóȽȥ, ں档

ۿ˵һҲźߵı顣һڴӶ, ȻͺӦһ

ͷ׵İ̫ү״ü΢ֻŸո죬ûü˵ʲôͱѸٵס

֪˵ʲô԰̫үһ磬޷ǲͬ»Ҫϼķɸӣʧһ֮ϡ

˽۵ӣҹ۰һѣջ߿˽ֻѳˡ

̫үһҲӦ˹˱ݡ

񣬸οǸղŵĶҲСҲֻװûѡ

֮۵Աߣ۸ݲ裬ûæҲš

ôˣĻ֪ôģƽʱгã϶ȥЩĳд

ݺòǸһ˵һֻ˸ͳ˱׿ˮӣСͺȰˮɡ֮ȥԼǱ衣

۵ⷬСһ񣬲ſڵЩ`м

۱ͼƻҪ̴˵ģ˵˿ҲûǣֱӵұҴˣʲô飬ֻҪΥ£ܼ£Եȥ֮һ֡

ô˵ĳڣ˿ƽ˽һЩģ֪Ѿ˽

ûпھ˵ֲ£ת˸ʣʲݵĲ裬Щʱǲ԰ժģ

۽ôժҶʱȫû·ѧ裬Դ֪¸ﳤǲûʲôϡ档

ͷժġ

˵ͷ䲻ֱ̫ܷóĺûҲڱ𴦺ȹز裬ҲһЩ裬ûĻغȵģҵôӦþνƷ˰ɡ

˵һ£ֵŲҶĺûԭƷ֮⣬ҲϢϢأ¼ȻܳĺòҶ⸽ɽֳûôãӦҲ̫ࡣ

ۺЦӵҲô²ģΣҪµĲ˲֪

䣬ɫǽΪ˴£µЩɽضˣÿĶɽأʱɷЩң

ҡҡͷҲûãĿܻС£ȲҶɣժҪ˳С

˿ҡͷʱһɤۣ˵֪꣬д㣬Ҳ˲٣ֱʣǰ뷨Ҫôźã

ԣ꿪ʼҾͿԷһֻÿû̫࣬ȸ˭˭ǰţۻҶ֮߳æù϶ʵĲҶæĻͲգԽ̴Լ

˵꣬˾ϲɫԣ˿ڲ裬΢侲ЩԸ˰ģǴҵĸ  
  
һǰ˵۲ֵĲв֪ҪҪԣôҿپ

ģԵĲֻܿգҲֲͷ֤²ѯ˵뷨Լ͸ҿ϶ϾҪҪԲǴԸģΣȻҲԼе

˵ˣ۶ôɽԲԳûʲôãʧɲһǰ㡣ҵɽأԼеģƽԭŵͲּùׯڣԲҲûʲôʧ

󳤳ĲûʲôãҪԹ۵ĻԺʲôûκθҴһˡ

λҲһһ϶˵

ȻҲ֪ո˵һҲǷδȻĻ󣬾˵ĲҶõĻӦܰҵԵҡ

⻰һ˵ıͲֹþϲˡ

̫ˡЩƮˡ

˸룬ЦҪǳˣ㲻˵ʷ˿϶ǵ㡣

ȷʵ츣ˡ˽ӵ

ԭۺһ²ͬİ̫үŤŤһ۽ۼҷɣȷʵǴĸǡ

ôһ˵ָſ˽һͺѾɣҲΪֲ裬˸һ

ۼŨҲû˵ɨ˵ĻľŵļƬɽأϵ֦Ǥ磬ҪܲĲҶȱƷҶļʶС

˺һյ裬Щ飬뿪

۸һǳţſʱмû˵ѵҶ£ǲʱֻǴԼ֪ͺã

İɣһ΢ֵͷЦ˵ͶˣǴҶֳ֮ǰ˭ҪǸҴȥԺͱڴˡ

ۿ̧ͷ죬ת˻⡣

ȻѾ˰ţҲٲģϾЩˣͬбǿˣҲеֶôԼôסˡ

Щ¸صĳ鶨̳֮·ǳ裬͸ӷſֽš

ܼӰ죬ûãֵ˴ֵļڣҵ࣬ǸȫĻǶʱھܾ׼պõģԵѮ۾ֹͣ˽ѧ

ۼҵĻȻ֣æʱҲỨǮ˰æԼҲûš

Ȼعʱ򣬲֪Ѿ¡

תȣװҲԸȥˡ

չ֮ǰһ϶һ

ʱ򣬽Ǹһȥϡ

ȥô𣿡ոս׺Ȼǲô˵ЩһʱѾǰöˡ

ǰףӦÿҪ˰ɣҲ֪ܲǰϻ

Դк۾ȥϵĴҪܣõյͬÿһεԼ̴ģԽһμ·ݵõ׿ϵǴΡ

˵̥ȶˣǰٹȥһ

 




















122  һٶʮ    






122

һֻһ, ϵʱ򣬽Сľ͸˵㣬ҲԱš

ǵڶˡ

ۿ˿Ĺ, ر, תڽ΢΢¡С, ŷ֣, Ҳû

뵽, ˫۲Щ, תͷŵ΢ζ, ԡ

ջشڽ֣ط˸û꣬Ŀ͸Ӻһ˫ˮ, ڴ۾ϡ

̾˿, Ѵ㣬ʶڴСϵĳ, ôҸ

һָŵ촽ߡꡯѹɤᳳܵ˯ģ

ʧЦͷۻ˯еĽ, ŵط´, Լͳá

ڼ丸˭ûг, ֱԷţģ˿

̧ͷ۲ûбƽʱø߶ٵ̫, Ȼ³ıӣЦʣΪô磿

ȻΪҪȥϰ

ǰղŴȥһ𣿡

һģ, ǰȥʱֻҸ㣬ûе

ۣ

ðɣҲ˵ʲôϾԼҲûȥˣҲͦڴġ

Թ緹۸ʰһЩĶŸһȥϡ

ղ֣Ҿ˵ĻѾ˵ջȥʹ̴Լûͬˡ

۸֪ӣҲû˵ʲôֻ۰Ͱ͵ؿһܿҲתע

ԭ޲ӣǰЩӾѾͨ͸һǣܿԶ̵ɽ֡

ĸߣۻʱҪĶȻع񣬲ŷֳѾۻ˯ˡ

£ЩĶͷôˣ

Ҫȥɽ̫ˡ۸˸ƣŰʱڴŵǵ˵ˡ

ؽĬеãʼǾúӶˣǾȻûѣеΪ顣ͷһţܿͱϲȡ

ȡԱߺ˯ĳϡ֮ٸ˵˶

һֱںؼǰͣ£۾ãƬ̣ײϣſڽʣأ

ȥᶫˣͳڳ۽£ͷѯʵǵȸȥԼȥ

ԼȥϻСӣͼ£ԭλá

Ūˣȥǣһ

ؼҺܶأҲ˴ţԼ·ľŽסԺߡ

վͥԺмŵ󣬾Դ˵壬ˣûѽ

룬Цü䣬Ҷˡ  

ô˵ʺ䣬ȥ׼ĵġ

δҪ˵ĻҲ࣬Ӻȥǣٵδĺ׼Ķ֪㵽硣

緹зųȥϢһˣֲڼңɴȥðҪõĶ

嵥֮ǰϾͶµģٶֿ죬ضһʱѰ롣

˵Ҫȥ쵽ؼʱͷԸȻͣſھͺãȥ˳ͻȥ

Ͳ鷳ذǣԺȥǣȻû

ֻŽӣͱסȥ·òס֣ӣؼǰסˡ

ǰ治ؼҴſڣ˶ƽʱҪһЩ뵽ʲôţȥʲô
  
߽ˣŷſڳ˺ؼҵˣߴ󲿷ֶܼҼ͵ѣıߵˣ϶źڵϲ

۸ӿ϶е뷨סһµʣʲôϲ𣿡

µĹƸպʶ˸๫ӣǴϢ˵Ҽҹ˹ʿ

۵ͷ˵˾乧ϲżסԺȥ

ԽԺߣԽ࣬Ҳ֣˺üؼҵĳ

۵ϲֹƬ̣ȥ¡

̫̫ԱѵһΣЪһߣҲܶ㰢

ˣٹһףЦžܾʵʶںؼѾ޺ܶأȥμӸԵʱΪʱ·СرųںؼҸסһʱա

ֻں첻ڼңȻڣںסԺﻹЩʡطסĻ̫鷳

ԻǻȥãҲûԶ

̫̫Ҳ֪㣬ҽܼ˲ˣҲҪдûٶ۸ֻúĸȥⷿЩ͸

۵Լҵʵ˹ʿϢǹٸģ

һֱһ֪ʼĩܼϢŰиֳպҲھǣԵ¼ȡһֳͷԸĻҹдϢͻ

һûһµĵŴҹ˸ڹٸǰ͸ϢֻΪ࿪Ƭ̣ȷʵǼó¡

ֻǸһģսԼ⼸ѵĻԽ

˼״û˵ʣҪҪ˵𣿡

ǰ˵̾˿˵ĻΪϲ£Ȼûʲôɾģƫƫһȥĸм䣬ֻһδУʵǲ֪Ҫôڸ˵

Ц˵֪ô˵ǾͲᣬٷϢҪ˼ӦþͻᵽˣʱȻ֪

۳һ£ͷӦǾȲ˵ʵûУҲʲô£仹ôСٵ꣬Ҳڡйһξ飬´ҲܸӦԡ

պ󣬹ٸϢȻֻкսֵܶ˹ʿܼμ֮ĵԣ˵ȶ˰

Ϣ˵ϵû̫ķӦǴЩ¶͵͵ڱۣ˵۴Կʼξһֱãûμӻԣȥ˲԰һ  

һ۸ǡ˱˵ģͻ˼СȥһҲʶ֮ġڴĵλͽȣټ֮һԼѧ裬ĸҿҲѾǾ٣ҲǴ˵ˡ

Ҳûʲô粨͹ˡ

֮۾ʹʼҪõء

ҷԱߣԭȾͶһյأԺģլʣ²ש۱ɴǿյȦΧǽʱûж룬ֻþʱ԰ãҲҪʣשΧǽʵһЩ

ҪˣžǴǸѵѡ

ýÿϣΧǽΧţҲõıʹ

ĵطҪǳĸߣ۸æ˴£Ѽ˲ٱĲϻſ⡣

֮ǰѵ֦´һƬҶӸһѿʳ̵ָ֦մŲľǤ塣

ǤûֻǸʼ֮ͿʪȲǸ˵ĻЩֻԼᣬ˶Ͱæˡ

æذÿճ˯ʱȫʱ򣬺켸ڴӾǸϻˡ

 













123  һٶʮ  ȥ  




ۼ, ֻشĵ磬ųȥһˡ

ҵļ£˲, ˿Ҳ֮ǰҪ, ۸, екȥ鷿졣

ۿƣ, Ƿ, ʺ֮, ʣȥǣΣ

һ˫ڷ, С۸磬һȥһء

۲⣬׵д־Ǻ£϶ϴһʱ, ѧ׵, ԶǶˣ, ʲôѣҲҡ

΢΢㶣뵽ʲôһЦ, ͷ, ллС۸硣

ǲʲôңüʵ

̹Ȼ, С۸վ֪ˡ

ۿ̬֪ӦòʲôҪ, Ҳû׷ʡ

һЩ֮ѧϰļƻ۸Ҫȥʱ, ʣС۸ʲôʱȥϣ

հɣ۵ҼǰЩµЩڹؼʱ̣Ҫţ̽ȥص˿϶Ҳ࣬æòˣٹȥ

쵽̶ȣ֪սûмʱȥأ˵ʱҸһȥ

ۻȥ˼գȷǤĲ󲿷ѾڵţԼŽһȥ˺ؼҡ

̽ؼϲﲻƳ˼չڡ

ǹϵ׽ҲʲôҪˣͰĿ˶Ƹ˼дԼһҺȥԼԺӣǲȥս

ۿȻϲɫԣȴ԰׵Ǹʶǻ޼ý

ѹ󣬾͹ĵʣǡֲһ

һ˵꿴۵ɫ뵽ĵһϣԷԼգરֱӣֻ˵µʱ캮ʱڹԺǰ㣬Ͳˣһ²ŽЩҪμӵԡ

Ļ˵̫ϸ۴Ҳܲµˡ

Ѯ֣ڻʹеġʱ䣬ڶţֻ֮£вҪ𣬾ķԲ˵

֮¹磬̽̽ժĹأһ졣Ⱦǵ鴦׵ٽڣǴҴæϻġ

ڣһ򽡿ˣۣοԭʾͱȽĺ졣

ֻ飬ΪѣĹ͹ˣ첻ᣬȻҲ׷ʣЦת˻⣺ţ̽ɶһÿǸ𣿡

ֹһףӻǸոߵſڵսһգһҡȵҲһϣһ֮һϸ£˶Ѽ

εѿƾٿԵʲôˣΪ͢ѡ˲ţֲǡǺĻƾ̫ϲ̨棬û˵ֻܽԵģò֮ˣ˵ôš  

սʼ磬ֲһô˵

̾˿͵ȥ˵ˡ

ҵսϲ

˵껰۸սҲʺòˣսҲ˹ȥûãôô͹ˣ

սãȻʣȥˣ

õ༸˿϶Ĵ𸴺˵ǴǴˣǽӦûԼˡ

ЦЦȻһСɺϣͦĵġ

һʱ䣬˸˵˲ٸļţսλԸԵĿĬдһݳ͸ۡ

Ҳ˵һЩ飬ȥɽأѾ˲Ĳ磬ҲѾ

ĩʣǼƻʲôʱ򷵾𣿡

սһۣſ

̯֣ûС۸˵

սԻ˻ӻصǲȥˡ

ɻ˼ǽ궼ȥǣڼҶһʱգ

ǣ˿϶Ĵ𰸣֮ҪȥҲҪɡ

ۼʣ̽Ӧ뺲𣿡˵սʿμӳҲְܱ

ˣҲ⣬͵캮˵ҵǱ߾þӣұͶҲûкܴȤʱ򣬾͸ּ˵ҪԼ¡

۸Ϊôʱ䣬֪ȷʵû̫£μӿƾ٣˸һΪܹݣҪһ㣬ƾ֤ԼĲѧ

Ͼ֮ǰô꣬ڸвΪԵʣԶܲμӣⲻ˻ᱻڱ䳰ȷһٸ̽⣬ѡؼżҲ⡣

ֿսʵأ˵꣬ûסʧЦս͸òˣԸõɡ

ȻսһҡһҡصˣҪû˿ţڲܵĹٳϺ׾ͻˣʱôĶ֪һͬ˵һּۣҰոҵ˶ڱʡȥ˾ǵĻһ̽׶ѡϲſҽҲҪš

˵ɶҺ춼ּˣΪѣ˵ʲôҺսϷչĻĵҲǾÿĵġֿѣòԶʱæµϾһãһһֱ

ԳƬֻ̺˺Ĺؼּʱ˵£ʲôõǰȥ˵ģضֱ׳飬Ȼֱ˵岻ʾС

ûֱӻش𣬶Ƿʵǵ֮ǰȥǵԺʱһ۹Ǹи㹻󣬲ͬ͢ԺͲñôԶˣصĺܶϾʱܻؼЩũļ

Щȣʵ⵱ʱģΪڴ׳ֻÿʡĸǣг͢˰ԺʡҲֻȥ飬ڵԺֵʲôʦҪˣܲܶԭвѧΪʵʦʹ˵ˡ

ⲻһڹЩԺмΪѧڴڵԲ״̬Ӧ˶ģڸʱ˼䡣

ֻû뵽Ȼ̽ԴΪĿ뵽˻ϵʥּ

ʣôǰû

ⲻڻԸ֮ǰ˭Ҳ֪˴ȥǻ᲻ῼ𡣡ѵЩ˼Ͼ뷨ģû۵ȥּˡԶһ£æʼʱ˵ġ  

Ҳ˼ҡҡͷҵʱһᣬûҪʵҲܿġ

˵ʱô˵ֻΪԼò㣬ûҪȥֲǸˣҪҪ£ǰģкܶ޷Ѵ

Ʃһк󲢴ӻȡּ⣬ԺʦһԽ⡣

ͬҲ˵սѧʶݣ㹻̻ǰеؼҸռ㣬Ժ֮Щ־ͬϵҲҪɵöࡣ  

˵ĿģҲʵһѼʼҵϲãоǣǺսԺԺ󳿳ĵܵȥԺ飬Ҳġ

սһֱ۵飬״Ƴ˺һۣҾ˵ֿ϶ģ

ǣЦ£ֿ۾ԺҸ˰죬һ𡣡

Ҳһ𣿡Щ죬²̫԰ɣ

ôͲˣս˼࣬˽Ժʱ뵽ܶû뵽⡣Ժ֮ĲѧԺҲ´ࡣ

۳ĬƬ̣ûش˵ʵڵģսȷʵĶȥԺûʲôҪ˽Ժʱ뷨һĻ԰һѧණʵʩ

սһЩʱ˼ôãż֪Ϊ԰æµǶ֪ȹ꣬ȫˣ㶥ÿǰ󳴲ʱûпУʱ򣬲԰ȫԽȥԼĵĻÿһʱȥӲһ¾Ϳˡ

΢΢ף㡣شŴŪ԰û¶ҪԼΪȥҪ滹һֱҪ泯ظɻǼ࿼оˣǰ׿

¶࣬·ԽԽ󣬳ҲҪչˣѾϵ˵Ҫкʵģˡ

쿴⶯ֻǻû¶ģ࿼һʱ䣬ЩҸҲ٣ǲŸջûãԺҪﶼûãĸż

Уٸһʱ䣬Ǻ˾͸ʵѾ˴𰸣ҪǵҲǲ̶ȣȷʵżδָּʱڣ϶û˼Ժ¡

û໰Ҫ˵̸Ժ£֪㵽˰

סһ˼ϻʱûڼң˵ףΪ޵ɣ۸ûܾ

սǸֵģ۸ڣؼסĵطҲͲȥˡһϣұһںԺסˡ

Ϊˣ⼸ڼְ࣬ѸܶڣҲĸߡ

˱˾ˮʳɫ͵ںԺ԰ɣѾտҪõĶԱ߳Ա¡

⼸ǡУǴ죬ǰ۾⵽ÿϵִԲкµ¹յôһƬףɽͷݷֺ֣ȷʵʺۡ

׹öտʼʱ¹⻹ÿͥԺܵĵС

һȺ𵱳԰񵥳ҲôףģͶºܸߣҲûƽʱһʱſϴ˯

죬ȳŲסʼŽҲܰҹûȫָɴɢ˳ԻطϢ

ҲûͣһֱųһǣŽ·ǾסԺߡ

졢սǷֿһִһţסǸԺӡ

ʱԺֻһڣ۱ѵ˰ɡ

ҲûΪʲôֱӾͰŵĵ򿪴

ȻƵһϨˮ¹ԡԾͣ½Ųÿ

ؼҵķݲñͺܾɣÿԺֲֵҲרŲֹģҹӻ㣬ȴӰ涼䣬ҲӻӰӣȣһ羰

ʱ£Ц˵ǰһƪ£ммдľ

ļ䣿ʡ

ͥˮˮᡣֻ˵䣬ʵͬʱĻһ䣬ԭд߸ѵģЩˣû˵

Ȼóȴ鲻һ⣬ľʵҲһġ

ɫã˰ѳȥ˯֮ûסͥԺãֱҲʼŻȥ˯

ֻһû˯áȣ˸оûãͲϴŵ˵

һ˵ʲô۱ţҳȥ

һȥɣ֣ʾ۷ʱ㣬²ǰҪˡ

ȻҹҪˣһȥȷʵʡ

ϵûԶͥҲûдǣȥסԺ䡣

ûߵͥԺ棬Ϳ¼Ҵҵء

˼߼վſڵսʣǡ

ѻ˵꣬ս͵ôҪˡ 
















 
124  һٶʮ  ͸ܵ 






ȻҪ, Ĳ٣ǣŽԱߵ£ִ, Լһ, Ǳսķ, Ȱɡ

սһ˲, , ֻǶ豭, ַ£ûһ±ӡ

״ҡҡͷ, ʧЦɵ㣬ûôġ

Ǵôˣѵ㶼֪Ҳŵ, ǵ٩, ˵ˣ, ýŵӦŶԡ

սĵģ˶ģһֱš

ͷűвҶֲҲǵıô, а, öûкúϢˡ

۶űӵֶ, ս޵, ֪պαصĸо

սҲʶʲôЩȵؽ, ˵ûкúϢΪЩ˺ܶصˣֻܸȥҽ˿

˻δ˵˼εתƻ⣬սʲôʱģ

ջطϴ꣬û£С˵ôҸվ͹ˡ

̧׿ƵֻһԼ˯ǰλãŶҲһʱ

ҲȷʵԤϵģѺúܡ

Ƭ̺ճ۸ӹҪܳȥ˯һɡ

ô˵۾ӦãٹҪǲǴ򣬺ؼгִ֣ʹҲ㹻࣬ҲﲻʲôæҽҲ˰ҹ

ǣŽ˲ս۰Ͱ͵գأ

Ҳȥ˯Ȼ

սƺǱҭ£û˵۲ûͷȥܲµսӦίίġ

Ϊܿվ͸ĿˣñƽʱҪһЩǡȥ˯֮ǰȸ׼ԵıŰɣҶ˺óԡ

Ͼȥ׼սӦ˲١

۸һۣЦ£ңؼҺüţôźҲ֪š

˷СۣȻ˵ʲô
  
˻صʱں˯˿ûз˫뿪ֻɵѾԭĵطʹӴͷͷ

ô˯ӦǼģֻǲûã㿪ʼΡ

ǽһȺһԷ¶ˮ԰Ļݳ൱ïʢԱˣƵڻȥںţҲͲֻſһۣ̫֣̣˻ݡ

θƽûʲôһϰԵˣķۣͿ߹˳⣬滹źüȳҪܲææߴҿߡ

֪ΪΣ棬ܾЩ죬Щ㣬ֻǻûüϸ룬͵شоѡ

΢ڵĳģɼһƽ飬ŷ˸˯мĳȻƽȣСͲʱһ£֪ʲôΡ

ųȵ˯գƬ̺Ҳ뵽ղŵΣ̲סСḧ

ۣľһĻЦʣôô硣

Ҹո˸ΡСѸղε˵ˡ

ʧЦ˼Żҹΰɡ˵תͷ˯ò֪ϦϦĳֵ϶꣬ҲȷʵҪŵܵˡ

ô˵ͻȻЩ˼΢˻۵ȻˣҲϽɣ˵Ѿˡ

۴ԼתѽҲڱ˼ңͲ˯οڼܴķ濼ǣ˶Ӧȥǡ

ǵ˯ϴʱ˶Ū׵ŵţӴ۾ʣסҪȥ

ӣۣȥ£ôʣܾЩΡ

Ϳ׸ԼҪţʻҲûõشȻһί֮飬˱ʣΪʲôң

Ҹȥ壬Ҫܵˡæոǿ㻹˯û㡣

ŶһȻǸ׿ҴѰɣҲҪȥ

ַȥѸϴ

Աߵţ²ߣû֪ǻôڴʣϾҪҵĵܵˡ

ҪܵǺܿģɻ̧ͷɵܵҵģԼҵİ

۸ȻһѸٸãһԱ߿ţûټ⡣

һڻûߵסĵطʹ֪ԼĪʱǰ˸

ۿҶϲģ֪ӵĵܵ˺ؼ˵Ļӭ

ʵҲȷʵˣǵԺſڵʱ򣬸պóĺ̫̫طײš

۸ϲ

̫̫Цü䣬ͷǻû緹ɣȥһԵ㡣

¶ڣһ϶ûô˯͵ĸҲϽȥϢɣﲻкġ

̫̫Ӧ£˸ǷѾ߲ˡ

۸ԺӣѾ߸սƫ緹˹ȥͿսյʳ

˫Ŀ΢أһòеӣǵĽŲ̧ͷ΢Щ

սкһ԰ɣղΪǻ˯ûȥȥС˵ֳʣʲôװ

ĿɨһȦһĿӣûӰʣأ

սƲƲ죬ճʱ˵ڿޣ¿Ӿȥ庢ˡ

룬زҳʱ򣬱ôҲû˯ڽȥڸô˯ǰ˵˵
  
ױʾ⣬ճǻҲһĿͺ޲÷һеĶϽܹȥ塣

Ϊøӣ۸ںؼҶ˰죬ȵ˯ѣųȥӡ

ճĺССһţҲͰ͵ģѾüۼ˫׵ģƳҲضÿĸ

ḻӤڻҲȫ£ֻǿŻеĺӣЩǸΣ֪ôͻǼ棬ҲûѸ׼Ķ

ЩЦ˵￴ңĻҪʲô

һֱվڽߣô˵ͶűڻĺӿƬ̣Ȼ̧ͷʣҪ͵ܵ𣿡

ǰӦڵǰСʱҲдҸڵܸܵС͸øܵˡ
  
ͷã¶ģͳһֱڲϵƽۣݹȥҰ͸ܵܣ˵Сһֱƽƽġ

Էɿ쿴ûʲôãЩεֵ³ݹƽۣŵģԸܵܡ

Щͷۣһʱ֪ôܸͣܵܵҲġ

 













125  һٶʮ  Ҳû






Ȼ, ⣬ɻʣΪʲôҪܸܵһƽƽİ

, ˵ʲô, ԱЦ, Ȼ, ʹܵллˡ

лģ˵, ƽ۽, Сϡ

ŻϲϲĳԼԱߺЦ, ֪α顣

ֱӺؼ뿪ӣ̲סųſ, ǰϳ, ֪˼ʲô𣿡

ʲô£ǣͷҲûصط, ﾡǶԼҶӵΡ  

ôã˵£̲ס̾˿һֱŵǸƽ͸Сˡ

ʲôϲԾһЩ, ǰо, ͣ

ĵ֪, ǰ׼Լ, ѳڻ

Ȼˣ۸ɴͣԭ, Լתһ޹ĳΪʲôҪԼĶ͸ܵܣ

˵Ҫ͵ܵû׼ҾͰԼ͸˰ͷЩί˵

üʣ㻹ǵҸ˵Щǲ𣿡

ǵãŸףصû͵ͬ⣬ãüϸһкĵܸܵ磬һ͡

һ⻰̧ͷۣʣʲôʱģ

ƽʱʱڽ̵ġ۲ڵӣܲ˵Ϊ֪ĴڣŻѽȥ볿ʶԱ죬ǡľٶϾ氮δôˡ

ֻڿûʲôã߲ųһĸֱƽۡ

̲ס̾˿ʲôʱ̵Ĳص㣬صǳȻסҵĻΪʲôҪô

ֱ׳Ļ֮ǰ⿴˺ܾõģܵܵüĲûиһĺ롣

͵ؿ

Ҳһ˲ŷӦЦõճĺӣ뱾ͺܵټҲͰͣģû

ʱƺʶԼ˲͵Ķ򴽿۸˵

ۿģٴҲƽϢˣųķʱӦҲڰɣô˵ġ

ŬԼƵҲû˵ʲôЦóѶСˡ

ۣ

˰죬عʱԭڳͷϵ֣̲ס˰ѡ

ı飬Ҳ˵ԼʹˣֻͰ͵ؿŽҪô죿

ڽҲûáۻãһ˦·һ£ŻͷԺĵܵ⣬κνҲãܵҲգ˼üûк룬Ͷ

ҼסˡʵʵӦ¡ѾͳȥǸƽۣ˻Сʣҵĵܵܡ

ûѻ˵꣬ʹϵԺҪǸܵܺЩ档

áգգۣӦЩףΪʲôԼϲĶͳȥˣ˸Ҫܵ

ǽЩĲ£Ծɿʣ¾ôˣ

ôѵܰѶҪɣʧЦʱߣҲûֹ

򴽣˵ˡ

۹˻˵ɣԺСҪǱ˴ûǸ˼Ҳ˸ƽ۶ѣʲô

˲²⣬ʱҲôģ±ʱա

ֻǴӳ¼·ʱۿ´Ժĳ·Ķӣ뵽ʲôٴʳ¼ҵĸҲǺѣҲûϲƽ͸ΪʲôͻȻҪҵĵܵܡ

ʵˣվϣ۱ûӦֱãȻҡͷҲ֪Ϊʲôܾܵˡ

ԶԣֻѸС׼ϴ˼֡

ϡͿ¼Ȼûʲôصĺ۸ҪѶԳĽճ̣֡

ʱǰµĲ󲿷ѾµҶӣʼǰʱʱ԰￴šЩȥͺãֻÿȥ￴²ĳƣʱһֱڼ̳֡

ڼ䣬ǱҲϢ۸һȥ˼˻ˣĻƼѾȫҪԼˡ

ӹ÷ɿ죬С֮󣬺Ҳȳʱǹ滮Ժ¡

սЩһ˲ĵͷͺˣһȵ쿪ҪȥһЩźۼҡھֱۣһ¶ȥˣԺ飬㿼ǵˣ

һ𰡡ۺЦش

Ҿ֪϶ͬġսֱ۴۵ļϣҡȣһõı顣

õۿ϶Ĵ𸴣ҲܿģֻǿսǷģûסʣһЩ׼ˣ

ҲԺеķݲֶˣҲˣȻǼ£ʲôطҪ޸ĵģս̧̧°͵ԺĵطҲ˼ѡ

ļطʵô֪꣬սԸȻһЩû˵ġ

Ȼս˵ļطɽˮ㡢Ƨû̫Զɽţһ˵һ߹۲۸ı飬ĩ˹ͣһ£żһĵطǿ϶Ҳϲ

Ҫǲ𣿡ʡ

ãսҡͷûӣֱ˵˳Ҿɽõġ

˵ۣ꣬˫۶Ϊ֮һ

Ҳ˵ɽķ羰ʣΪ˳ʶĵط൱м塣

۸켸ûʲôǣֱӾİɽɡ

սףĿԶԺף֪ԺַʶĵطȻҲһ׮̸

εԺûãҪˡ
  
սҡͷԣ˵뻹Ҫеģ˵ʵء

΢΢üֿʼˣ

ǰսӦԶˣһæûָܸԺйص£־ҽݣԼ¿Ϳô

˵úΪ˴ʱôһƬ̺󣬻ûסһ䣬ò˵һʱ俴һ껰ĸоĺ֣ܿ

ÿԼ˵ص飬ܻЩ΢ĲڣתƻѻõԺͼǿ

Ϸţ˴ھȥáս˵꣬תͥԺ˳ȥ  

첻սߺ󣬸۾Ժ飬һ

ֱսһõֽ

ս˲˼õͼֽƽʯϣظۺͺ콲⣬ЩҪõģЩԺ˶

۸⣬ĩ˽һǶսݲֵ͡

սҲҪҵĻֱ˵

ȭִһ£ȷʵúܺãֻҼǵúɽٲģҪҪһϪԺﴩ

սһԴôˡ˵ֽһ۵ȥ鷿ñīϪӽȥΡ

ʣҪɴȥ鷿Ū

áսӦʱѾ鷿ſڡ

ҲûǿֻѵµֽԶüų

˵֮ͰעתƵʯ̿ͼֽϣͼϵķľϸڶһ飬սȻ鷿ûг

 















126  һٶʮ  ͵  







鷿ͥԺԱߵĶ, ֻתͷܿ򿪵ķ, ͷźһ䡣

˻, ǵûս, û, ʣûҵʵı𣿡

ҲҡͷӦ͵, øô

δ˵, 鷿ﴫءһ졣

۸һֹۣһ, û˲鷿ȥ

Ǽ·ľ룬˺ܿߵſڣͿսЩŹֵվ, ˫εؾš

￩һ, ֲ̫õԤС

üʣʲô

ս¿ˮ, ۣС˵ҸղŴ򿪳ֽʱ򣬿һûġ

ĵȻˣߵԱ, ұߵĳ, ǲųûҳ», ʣղſˣ

ţսصͷ۷Źؿۡ

ǽû, ۰ѳϣһߵĵ, ֽ߳롣

Ҳղ磬һֱдÿһԳһղءõĻҲ鷿սôأҲֶߡ

Ϊ·ݴˣʲô鶼ֲ˶þͻۣ쳭д˼ҳ󣬾ְѻս˳˶ûϵսָպսȥ鷿ֽʡ

ս˼ƺҪԹᣬȵĳܰݣһס۵⣬̽ոաƺڳ￴»ġ²ᡣ

ЦЦû˵òʣʲô֮ǰڸǶ飬ҲְѻѼİ

԰˼￴ûʲôԾġ

ǵģսЩ״Σµģﻹû֡

ĥһ£仰Ϣͬ𾪵ؿۡ

̹Ȼϣţǲдģûüȥ

⻰һ˵꣬ͬʱ

˫ۣ־ǰϲò˵Ǹ

սĿϲڿ԰²ҿҺܺѦ󵽵֪֪ʵһֱߡ
  
컹ãķӦ

ûϵսȷͺ뵽ľȻҪ
  
ս˻ûȵشĿװŻǸסһ㣬Сһ飬Խҿ𣿡

ֻſЩ֪Ҫ˵ʲôźá

Ȼأս˵꣬ҲƺеûϢˣʵǡּﻹбдõĻҲһȿ

ãĿںսɨ̾˿óŵսϣһϽԺĲͼ

ãսӦ£Żͷɱ뿪鷿

۸µıīֽŻصͥԺеʯ¡

սѾŻҵؿ۶Ƭ̣תͷԱߵĺ죬֪дûʲôҪ˵𣿡

дΪһֱܶ˿ȻǺѣҲΪԺԸ϶⣬룬̯ȽϺáսǸģ֪ˡ

Ҫ˵ʲôʧЦдҲãҲգ޷Ϊ׬ǮңǱϲֻҪӰ쵽ˣûʲô۵ġ˵ˣҼͲںȻҲΰô

˵һ£ѹ÷һǼҲг͵͵ñд

仰ﲻ֪ĸʴս񾭣ӻ̧ͷ˵˹ǰ鷿ҲдĻ˵ʵдȫֵˡ

죺

սһۣû幫˭дĻÿ

սŶһֵͷȥ

ôһ̸ȫޣѾ֪첻Щ

˼սõĲͼģҪôġ

ս껰Ҳż롣ףô޷粨صˣ֮˸߸ˣǰûκβͬ

˵ͰԺĲȷ֮˶ˡ

ںʥּԺģõֻȥةǼһ¾ͺãԺ͢иһʿȻǮࡣ

ԺԼҵֻǰڷݵ޽ҲȫȥһпУǾͻԼܹȥš

ۼɽϸ˵ҲֻЩ˽࣬Ծġ

һ𣬳˿ǵ̫ѧҲû̫Ժ䣬ȿ깤ʱλԺǰôѾ価Ҷӣʱͺͺ֦òɪ

ʱѾٽ۱㲻ÿնȥţս֪£еһЩ飬ûзֹȴĬذöܺá

쿴ƺҪѩļŽĲڣʹųȥԺ

սպҲڣҲ棬Ѿ޺õĵ·Ժ

սȽ˷ܣԺһשһߣпٹһңܿʱѧڿΣҪߵǼҡ

Ǽҵλòõģ𴦲ͬĵڣҴпòСǰʱӳʱ򣬼˶ζܲ

۸ϲҲˣǶԷֵļ䶼û

ֻǺ쿴սƮƮȻģ̲סʣûԸ˵Ҫļڿˡ

ôûԸ⣬սҡǰѼѩûֵȵԺʼʱ򣬾в˴źҼң˵Ҫˡ

۵Ļɡ

ս޷첻˵

Ϊ˵ʵȻ˲٣Һĸ֪࣬ˣࡣ

ԭҲ֪ǱƲ̽ݲ˵Ը񣬾ͱصöࡣڰΪˣͬⷽԭ

⻹һǣ˱۲Ŷ鼸꣬˾ˡ˶ԣԼصѧϰ

Ƭ̣ҼҰݷùȷʵ٣ΪԺĵһѧǶӦþѡǡ

˵ͷȱѧµˣһҪġ

𣬾һֱû˵ԵλֳʲôѧԺһѧҾ͵ʲõռˡ

ΪʲôսĿɿڴĲѧԺҲ㹻˰

ٲμһλԣûʱ̱ˡЦ˵

۸콻һ񣬡û£ԺѧԼ

Ժ֮⣬컹ͬһλڿΣҪԺѧǸ㹻˵ġ

ͷӦ֮ǰһ·ղŽʱ龰ʣҿԺûңҲûʯ֪ʲôԺǲҪһ

˶ʱͣסŲã˭ûлش

ⷴӦƬ̣Сĵʣ仰ʲôԵ𣿡
  
ûκβԣ۳˳ǵӦ˵̫ˡ

һãȻܿΪʲôˡ

սȵҾýԺͦõģſòõı־

һǾɽԺȽϺá˵⻰Ǻ졣

ôҲû뵽λֳԺ콨ˣȻԺֶûҿƣƺִһʣá

Ŀںսɨϣ̽ʣС۸磬ӦýʲôԺ

°ͣͷɽϣ쵽ɽĵطиٲȪٲҾýȪԺͦõġ

֮ǰսֹ֣ͬȻ뷨

ˣֻѡҲڽôãֻиִŻһֱڶûۡ

ԵԱվã󳯳֣ߣȥһ档

̧ͷѯʵؿףõ۵׿Ϻ󣬲ȥ֡

СҪת뿪սʲôæ˽סĸһЩ

ҾöܺãͷҲصת֮߳󣬲ŷɿ˵˾䣬ֳǻԺֶΪá

ܿܶ¡ЦŻء

սüѵվߣ

ȻǣЦ˵ֻǾȥҲǸ¡

սƲƲ죬ôˣ˭Ҳû˵˭ѵƬʱÿˣ

бսһۣȻֿۣʲô취

򵥵ķʽ۵ץΰɣ˭Ӯ˭˵㡣

սûзԡ

ץֻҪ̵ܶʱ䣬Ͼ˽

ų߳ûԶۼĽŲ

۲һ˵ɫʵԺȷˣ

ȷˣһĨʤ΢ЦͽȪԺ

ͦġ

ȻԺȡ֣һֱԼ뷨ʵΪ˺棬ǷǸɡץˣս컹еʧ䡣

ս̧ͷЩʱˣҵȥҽݽӰջؼҡ

ȥɣҲûȥˣһڼңҲģЦ˵һ£пյĻЩҼסհɡ

ս֪˵ǽ˵£ʧЦ˵İɣӵġ

۴ųûңбƮѩ˦֣ߵøһЩ

ڿ쵽ڵʱǡɽ塣

ۿкȵۿųȥɣпڣ˵ǴӸġ

 











127  һٶʮ  Լĵܵ 




ģһ, ʶҪӿٶȣֻϣͣ

Ǹ, ״С۸, Ѿ, ʣµһ·Լ߾ͺ, ˿, Ͻȥɡ

۳һ, ôѩ߻ȥ

Ե߼͵Ҽſ, Ųɣ

Ǽ˵Ҳûٶ˵ʲôȥ֮󣬾Ͱѳ̳, ڻһ˦, ӭŷѩȥ

ûߵſڣۼؿŶҼ߹, ˡ

ۡšһ

ýˣ˵ȵӻˣȥء

ĸˣʡ

ǡ

˼ſ, ۾Ͱ, ԼųɿؽԺӡ

ڴ, ֵ˵æ, Ȼǵý̡

۶ߵҲǵ̳ʲôˡ

һ£ĵôһż, Сһûˣﻹܼǵסĸĳࡣ

Ц˵û£ȻҸͺá

Ӷ˵Ż͵

Ĵԭǹŵģһֱ̿裬ůģֱ硣

۽ŵĵһ£ȸкĸôҲǰ͸ϢҺôȥ

Ǽ࣬鷳ֵܶüˣ·ġ˵ձ۷ڵϵĳ֡

ȥԹɵؽ̺áˣسգգۡ

úúáЦü䡣

ʧЦմ˼ƬѩĴ£ݸԱŵˣȻߵߣʣоô

ǸǰһгڣЩڣȥͷƬѩĸƲһۣʾĸŸء

֪Լкˣֻǿĸ峿ǼƣһʱҲ벻ǡ

Ȼ˵ȵò趼Щˣ绹󳿳

ʧЦѶӽȳʵ̸ôûһ

صԽס˲£ʹɩֶȥ˾ǸΣ̸æ㼷ʱҹҲ˼գɴˣԼ˹ڡ

˵ʱ򣬱ѳſˡ

ԿĸԼҶӣ͵͵һɾЩЦ

ĸ˼ƻסһʱ䣬µӦǿҪ˲ŹģмôԶǡ

翴ŽĶӣЦһȰǼҲû֮ǰʱǻûϣҲͰˡ֪ˣҼûҪҪ£ǹţҲܷġ

磬оЩᣬĸ

ĸҲ˵Ҫһҿʹˣ䣬͸˾ȰȰסˡ

Ӧȥ游ĸŶԡЦ˵

һûôأҡҡͷ游ĸ廹㽡ʣҲûʲôҪǲ͵ģ˼һ꿪ˣҪȥߣʱض⡣

۸һۣ˶ͦĵġΪԶֻȥһ游ңǴҴأû졣

֪˿ܻ˱࿪ˡ

ۣӹϣҪ游ĸҲҲýǷģǵԼûί

ɫָôõ·ԹʹѾȥ׼õķϢ

ڶֱӽ˼İţċҲڽź  

ȻһʱЩ̫ϰߣźŻãҲ˲ˣҪԸ۳һֱڹܣȻûÿʾܾЩʲô

ĸµĺôҲԶ׼ģһЩǰûע⵽ϸڶһ飬Ҫǣ򣬽ٲĽǶ˲١

۸⣬ΨгСϵЦԵļ٣ÿÿ۵Ŀ⣬ίͰ͵ġ

ȻǼص㱣󣬵˶ԳĹעҲûٹʱ䣬Ҿͷ쳣

һα쿴۵ʱֱӰ޶ʣ׵

ʻãһʳ;ίòУߵƭң

ʲôʱƭˣãȻҲҡͷʾ֪

ˣԼңѩܿܵܵģѩ˿һˣܻܵڵ

εҪô˵ҲΪ˲һֱ֣óȷʵˣֻѩҪܵܡ

𾪵ǸӵĶԻԲżܻܵڵĶȴٳŻὡģҪܵܵĻŵĶȸܴܵк  

˵ܴܵˣŻὡԲòЭֻ䵽ߣҶܵ˵˺þúþõĻˡ

۵ڽֹˣʣȻѩͣҪȥѩˣҪҪһȥ

ÿѩѩˣҲǼҵĴͳĿ

ȻһӦҪ

ȫ˸ոջƭ

۵ȥĻ׸񶼴ϡ

ã˵ŷɿ쳯ԷȥԼס

ѩһֱͣȲۣȥͥԺѩˡ

ϰѩ˵ļѾ൱죬һгԱ߰Źѩ򡣸˺ܿĸѩ˳

ССһվǰ棬һڴĻ

ĵǸСѩˣǵܵܡ

۵ͷһСѩ˵ͷǡ

Ц

սЯִЦʵЦˣ壬ʲôĶ

ˡЦŴк  

սףղĽѩͣ˾Ҫ˵һ£ֵϻвٶȥŰɡ

⻰һ˵ڣ۷ԸԱߵʹ˳ȥᶫˡ

ȵ˵껰Żشս⣬ڶѩˡ

սԺмܵĸѩˣЩĶյҲѩˡ

ѰɣյȽȥ

Ҳ֪ѵ׼ǽеĺ˸ĺ˯ʱң۾ͱѡ

ӽпʼ˯һֱܾѣ

ˢһֱӴӴǲǲˣ

йһξ飬ʲô̶ֻӦû磬ȥ밢ҿ

ף鼴о飬϶ú¡ڽӡһǣƬ̣ȥվͻ

ʵǷһֱţֻսվסԱߵ᷿ȥҲ·ѡ

۴Ҵæߴѱߣ·ʱְ˯ͷ򸾽

һСûߵ᷿ſڣĵƾѾˣոʣǲǽзӦˣϾ͹ȥ

ãӦ£еȻҰѳ͹˯һ

ҸһȥſڸҾͺãʡػصܡ

ʵ޲ô粽ڽߣûоܾ

شҶ׼ĴڼţĸҲָ¡

һжеɣֻڽžͺá

ڶ쳽ʱ˳һ

СѾ۵˯ȥĽòС

ò׵õܽԷˣľǸױŵܵЦÿģԸֵģ

ֱӳ˹ȥҲҪܵܣ

С㣬æֹˣŸ˯ţҪǰѵܵſˣȻ壿

˵ˣżϿۣȷϵ˯ŵز䵽ߡ

۰ѻĺӵݹȥһЩָһµܵܵǵҪһЩ

ϲ۾Сһʳָڵܵᴥһ£ջأܵܺС

ԺҪúñܵܲСϸϸʵڴ֮ǰû˵ҪܵܵĻóչ˵ܵܶ˵

ΪʼΪֵܣҲû˵ı͵չСģ˵öˣѵܵܵԼΣԳ˵ĳʵǲƽġ

ȻԺֵ˹ϵãչ˷ǲһˡ

ֻ֪СǸʱʱȫ̷֮ǰ뷨Ͼ磬֣ζűŮҪüѡ

֪ת뷨ֻ֪ôãڰԼССĵܵΪСӺθѾŵ׷İɣһᱣõܵܵġ 

󲿷ʱ䶼˯۹ųòˣͰСӷŵߣԳܸܵ˯ȳȥл

ģѾ˵ллˡ

۾ؿ۴ϸһŵĵܵܣȴɵĸŸһ뿪Է·ǵŽżģ³˵ܵܡ

ʵڣӳ¸Ҫ۲ģȥŵǲȥæսգҲ׼л

ۺͳֻһ䣬ӵȷ𣿡

һ֣۵ǽȡġ

ףֵܶһгһأͦõġ

 













128  һٶʮ  ѵܵܽһ 






Ҵ, Сض£ֹС£Ҫȥ

һסô, , ڷĸ˵ҪȥĻ, ʱ÷˶ûζ, ſ, Сʣĸٶס𣿡

סյҲ޷, ͬᣬֻٹ¾Ҫ, ǽ겻֪᲻ҽأҲ٣̸һڼҿ϶æ

, ڸǴһ, ĸһ߶ǳУȻ֪ĸҵ, ˵ٹˣǼһ£ƶ˲¡ֻ᲻þ᲻ãĬ˺ܾ, ֱС, ɻؿ, ŵٶסհɣҺ׼Щȥ
  
Ҳ, ҳȥһˣǰЩѩ·滹û͸, ãɹ죬·Ҳߺܶࡣ

˫׶ͣҲתͷ磬۰Ͱ͵غ~

ղ˽۵Ļ󣬱ѾҡˣٱôŴŴһ˲ĶҪˣЦӦеúúãǾǵģٶסա

źЩҵ磬Ϳʼ׼ĸظǵĶ

Ȼһûô£ϾԼҴǶǳĿ졣

ѾûˣĸһȥģһͬߵĻи游ĸĶ治ͱŵģһһ൱ķ

ûʲôҪͱСضųԱ߿Ը˸ɻ

ԼѼþʹӹϣҲʵοֻǵҶľ飬Ƭ̣Ͳ˽Ըȥ׼ö࣬æֹ׼̫ĶڸǴ󲿷ֶ򵽡

ôһԼĶԵҲһЩ˵գգۣ˵ˣۣҿû˵ڸ򵽡

ųûãûȫָǰΣҲЩԲ󣬵Ϊ⣬Ҫ鲻࣬˵״̬ȸʶǻҪ࣬ųʱżľٶ

ʲŶգ۵ӣԼʳǵĻгĶӣԼҵǼֶӡ  

һ˲ͻָ糣ɫʳָڽĶͷϵ£˵أ׼һ㣬Ҫҵ㣬游ĸ˾Ƕϲ

ءЦӦ¡

۵ʱǼң۴ĥƷۣʱҪһЩ۸Լҵĺȥ˲١ڲҪװ¡

ĶʰҲ٣©ˣˣȵȥϣԵһ飬˰Ѷ

ԱߺЦŪ꣬߹ȥ˵ǶôϸԸģôܻ©

۵һҲܷЩȻ˵ģҪ˴ȥҲ鷳

һ˵˱ģʧЦҿһҲ鷳һûͣҼӶ

ⲻǸպ˳𡣡ӣҪܼҵ̶ÿ¶ҪǺüΣͳҲĸôݣԼеʲôö̲ס˴ЩȥТĸÿǵĶҲࡣ

Ȳ˵ˣ翴۶ȽȽ̫뿪֮Ҫչ˺Լӣʲôѣ˴Ÿҡ

á۸Ӧ£ȻǶãӦòҪˡ

Ҿˣ˵ŰѱڻСضķʱʲôֻعͷ괺죬游ĸǹ⣬ǡпеĻһ

ô˵˲˫۶ˣӦãʱǰϢǺǰ׼

ûж˵ʲôӦˣϾͬеĻֻԼͻȻϮѾߵĲ£ǴųСضϽȥɣ䡣

ڡ۵뷨Ҫ͵ϵģֻĸãǼҾһѾһ˸Ͷȥˣһȥϣʱؼ͵Լ·ĸ̫㡣

ô죬ҲͰˣСӣ᲻ܶԴǾܾȥϵ顣

ֻǴڵĻٲ˼˵͵Ļˡ
  
ţۼ˾滺ţ߱ġ

ƽеԶ·ȴоƬ̾ߵˡ

ٲᣬҪֱ

۸ĸתһɽ·ȫס֮󣬲ŷؼҡ

һ·һ˰ģû˵СضҲȵۻСࡣ

ֱ˼ţ۰ѺӷСϣŰųڲԶĻ£ĸˣоﶼˡ

֪˵ʲôﲢǺ£ҪǾĻóܵܽһ档

Ƕϳ棬ѯĿ⣬ЦõǻҰƬ̰ɡ

ʱʵ벻ףֵͬܣСضǸΪʲôȫ񳿳Сʱôɣʡġ뵽Сӿڳ¼ҶԾѹɤ㸸׵ģҪǰѵܵܳˣ

СһţͦϲԼҵܵܵģҪһ컰ʵǳܲ

ۿӾؿСӣЦʣҪҪܵһ˯ҸлҪ˵

磬ΪϾҪߣһ˶ر硣ôһʣҲȷʵЩˣ֣صӦ˯Ҳúÿŵܵܵġ

á۰ˣСϣСһñӹá

ɺãͱŵܵܣ۾ʼ˯С˯ٶȿ죬Ƭ̣۸ͿСϣżΪƵС¶һģһ˯ա

˯Ǿȥһ̸¡

˲Žţ۾Ͱ˰֣Ը˵ţҸ˵

˵˳Ҳˡ

ЩڣʣҪʲô

£Ӧ󣬹⹴촽ЦЦסߵˣһ˾һԱߵ޺ϡϣ۵Ļ

⧲ĶŪò㾪ֻ뵽ţæֹסۣ㡭лҪ˵𣿡

лҪ˵ģס΢΢°ҲڽļϣȺȫڽľ㶼Ҫʲôˣܲʧǣ

ӽСضѾһ¿ˣ֮ǰΪСҪչˣҼﻹиڣ˱˵ˣһӵʱ١

컯գԼңԱ˯ӣ滹ŵĺüˣЩڣߵ㲻˵ˣȥСض˯

ô˵ţȴʵʵ۱ţûκҪļ

ҲŷЩٹգԺҪڿΣ£øѧ׼Щʲô񡣡

 


129  һٶʮ   





ΪҪ˵ʲôҪ, Ż˶⣬ò׿ˣȻҪѧĻ, á

۵˻, ûȵĻش, ڽ־Ͳʵ¡

Сȵ, ƲƲʲô, ޷ǾǼ¡

û, ۵ÿһ, Ͷˡ

ԼĦֻ֣Լȥ۲˸Ҽǰ, ڳïʢ, ˵㲻֪£

˵ͦɵģǼڵ, ǵ۰ʦʱ͵Ļ֮󱻽ԺеСļһļڳ, ѩҲᶳҾȥһ, ȻƲ, Ҳûп

Խլӵʱ򣬽, ֲµĲ԰

͸ѧǵĻ, нഫĸо

˼Ȼûôϣ̹ȻϣҾ㵥

ʵҲ룬ԱҲû˵Ŷ硣

ֻվǼǹԱӣƬ̣̲סʣ˵СضΪһôôڡ

ǸӤڵҲûʲôνص˵ˣôˣ˭涨ͱؾءġ

ֻһ˵СӲô£û뵽ԼҷȻعص⣬ת뷴䡣ֻĿŶϣ磬ѾߵĻ˻ȥЦ˵㶼˵ˣǾɣԺ󲻹Σǿš

оǣСضȻڣҲһչˣˣҲһʱͻӣܸõϢ

˵ЩģûãԱ߷ʹСضĿԼżܵܵһγɵϰߣؾȥ̽

֮䲻·ܵűߵٶȱǸ죬ֻǹȥʱ򣬾Ϳ˶СԶֻгڴϣŵܵܣﻹ߶ʲô

۸ü

Ųæͣү˵ҪԼܵܣǿ

Ҳ̧ͷɿؿ˫һ۵ϾͰѵܵܺˡ

Ҫ֤Ļһ۸űߵСĹСضԭĺѾ˵͵͵ĳҭԱվһͳͣ

Сضתһ˫ˮĴ۾Ÿ磬ͱ£ְһ¡

۸һ˶û뵽ȻôͰСӸˣСض˯ѣԶ˵

ܵܲˣ̧ͷ۸¶һЦݣסǿܵЦˡ

ĵرְСӴСϱ˳ܵܶˣιЩ

ǳɾ͸бʱԸŴСŽ£ĿһֱڵܵϾû뿪˶׺Ըµɲιܵܣ

ʧЦݸţԼСӻ˸㳿ιʳƣЦ˵ԣι֮ǰԼ׺¶ȣŵܵܡ

һģСĵӣҨСףѧŸ׸ƽʱӣڴ߸һ£òˣιܵܵߡ

Ҳ֪ô£ղųװѴ޵СضþˣιԶСضͬ൱ϣԱߵ˫׶֪Ҫ˵ʲôźá

СضԱ㣬¶һȵЦݡ

ξ飬۸֪ܹСӣżҪʱ򣬾ͰСضԱ߿ţȲºӿޣҲºΣա  

ӴҴңܿ͵Ժڿεʱ䡣

ؾ͸ȥԺǻϣ֪ҪȥԺҲ𴲣Ҫһȥ۱һ

ԭȼƻĲͬٽڿεӣȥԺڿεֶһǵˡ

ģȻ֮ǰ˵ʹˣ˴ڽ̵ĺ⣬Ժ󶼲ѧˡ

ֻǺһһذԺãǵļƻȻһɶ־Ȼ̫˵ѧʻʹ׾ãһδɵѧ̴ʶ֡

뷨۵ĳЩƻıϡ

ǰ͸컹ս˵̴ÿ˵ƸֱͬѧĻ϶вܹ˼Ĳ֣˷ֱԼóĲִڸԺѧѧֻҪѧ߰˳ɣͿ϶ܳɫ

һȫѧĻضкܡ

ֻԺ࣬ʵʩӦҲҪһЩֻܵȺ

һ·϶Ժ飬ⲻ˺ͬеĳ

һֱŸףãԼЩż̲ס˳۵ʣףȻ˰ʱԱҪô

Ա桭۶ϳڴĿ⣬˵һĻͣסĿڵȻҰѴ͵İʦһ

áֿʼһЩʡ

˼ϸĵһһ˽

ɽǼұͲԶȥ죬һյһĹ͵ԺĴǰ

Ǽ絽ģֱ֮ϻȥҪõ˸ȻȥԼųԺĴǰźս
  
˵ǷǳҪӣûȶãսҲͯˡ

϶ϲõЦݣк󣬾ĬߵԱߣͳԿ״򿪹ϵ

Ȼսһǰַϡ˽һͬʱƿ

ڵһһﶼǿģټֱһζΪӽԺǳ˼⣬ʱĵطˡ

սȶҡˣ˳ǵ˵ʵڵģҸоеš

û˵ʲôֻǱͦñնҪֱ

棬ֻۿɣϾڴԽ֮ǰ͸һϻﴴһҵֻǵڶأ˵·ˡڻгԱߣǸʣҲֳܱŵ

ȥ֮ȸ׼õʥʦλߵףһ

ʱһļ˼Ҵѧѧ

ÿڿεĿҶͬѧҪѧǰĿյؼϡ

Ǽյѧ󲿷ֶѾ˵ģܿԡ

յЩСͬˣÿ˶ǰǰЩĪҫ
  
ѧǺܿ쵽룬˵˾䡮ʼɡۼ˱㻺Լѧ߹ȥΪվѧ¹ڡ

ȫֹƬ̣ۼ˲ŸԼѧǰȥ֮ǰϹʥʦλǰߵס

֮ǳڴѾọ̃ѧаʦ񣬲Ñ

۸ԼĿףѧһŶԼһиܵΪʦΡÿӹһÑ񣬶΢Уһѧѧʣ˵ϼȰѧĻȻŸ

ΪʽԺѧ֮ǰ۰ʦʱ࣬ʦ֮ϴָ񣬵ȫ꣬Ѿӽʱ

ǵЩѧҸԺñȽԶûͣһʼǾ;Ͽֻϵʱ

Լʱˣֻ˵ղҪٵôһȥˡ

Ǳߺ켸ҲͬѧˣһȺȺÿɰĺǣͬİɫı˳Ժ̨ߣĪУøһԺȷˡ

źߵòˣǣų̨ȥ

Ÿ׸˲ٵĻҶʦйصģҲƽ˼̨׺󣬾Ͳˣ̧ͷ۵ףҲ

ԺѧǵĳƺӰ죬ҲԾ˵˾

Ҳһֱڽ㶫𣿡ʧЦǰߣֻڻ̫СЩҪܸһԺѧϰ

Ǽꣿ

۳һȵܵܿôʱ򣬾Ϳˡ

һȥܵ˵Ҫ㳤󡣡

Ӷ˵Żܿߵ̨׵ľͷԺſڣͣϤ

ǳӱ𣬽Сض֣󡣡

ܵܣѸ׵֣ɱȥ

Ҳӿ˽ŲԣѳͬʱʣôСضˡ

Цü䣬ؼҡ

 












130  һʮ  һ  





ʥ, ˹򣬲ҹ

תۣʱҴҶ, Сضܿ쵽˿ԸŸɽҰܵ͡

һ紺, ۸һ, ǰսԺĹ, ֱַÿ˵, Լѧ

ѧ, ûҲ˵, ÿժʱڣԺµļ٣ؼȥæҶص顣

õ˶ؾصص, һѧϰ, ܼ鹦Ρ

϶Ҫ鹦εģڴѧʵͦɵ, ҲģֻԺҸڿΣвĵط, , ҲҼҡ

Ժ, ؽͳѧһȥĻ, Ҳܷ㡣

ѧӦ£۲ŵ˵ͷѧݶס˵Ļ, ͿԻؼˡ

˼ǿԷѧˣֻǸԺտǻȻͬ˵˿ߣ˻ʵʵλϿ飬ϡϡļǿߡ

ҲԺ̫ǼԶġ׶˵ԼȴŶ뿪ҡ

ţͿͷĳСض

ӳüƣֻԸȴر𣬿Ц£Ͱͦص߹ССͣѾоӷ緶СضȻ෴৵һ¾ͳ˹۵ֱϣףôڲųҶþˡ

أÿճֻͷʾú·Ҳû˵ʲô

СضȻڼұֳˣػǶģ֪Ժһ룬ڸߣ߱ߵϣҵȲȽˡ

ûȥҴɣüʡ

ȻûУСضͷʱ򣬸Ѿˣ˵

˵⻰ʱ򣬳߽ϸͶѯĿ⣬͵˵ԻؼˣҲŴӿҳģպÿڵȺ壬͸˵˼仰

ʧЦû˵׼С˵

˸׻٩ζ治ɫصǸϽȥɣõȼˡ

¶Ȥı飬Сض˵ȥСģ綼ô˵ˣǾ͸Ͻ߰ɣϾȻҪȥϽǵ游ĸ

죬û˵ĬĬڸ׺͵ܵܵĺͷ  
  
һĿԺſڻϣͬһǰϡ

ߴߴͣ˵ŻСӣԼԺ˺⣬ûڵĴӣ̽ؿ˼ۺۣղǷʲô𣿡

ۻصղԺСˡ

¶Ȼ˵Цݣ˵˸޼ĻСǶңȻҲȥ˵˵

˻ŵոˣ԰԰Ǽ档

Ŷ'һ޳˵ʲˡ

سȫ˵ˣֱϽӵλˣſڽ游ĸ

ӹ⣬ʱⲢûǵ̫ۼǾ壬һҼүӾʹһӵȥ·ϣһҪУѧʡ

ϾͼſУѧʣҲºԺϲˣ̫̫ؿүһۣŽСضҲͷЩ֮ҲͲһˣļҳɡ

áͷӦ£Сضһһߣ̫̫

Ȼүӻгһ

̫̫ȣһСضûľ㣿

Сض˭£ĸô㤵һ⣬ؿԼҵ

ЦŽΧǰ˲٣ջһĻء

̫̫صͷ

Сض͵͵һɵذ봹û˵յ廨Ա߿һ¸дģʦͽȡĹ¡

̫̫Сضֵ˳£ദΣ

ͦõģ뵽ԼԽԽ˵ĴӣǲԸ

СضС˵ոȥԺҸʱ磬ϻ᲻סǼңסǼҵĻԺʹȥšݡ

˵ʶ͵˵ĸнĸӦ£Ժ֣ûʲô

̫̫Ҳ֪ʱƽЩĴ𰸣ֻȷʵӦԶΪء

ʵԽ۵뷨Ȼʱ˽Ҳ٩䣬ӵദ̫̫ȴͬе֪ȻСʱͰŵǸ׹˳ȥ˫ֲô·ϣͲ

ÿβǼ棬Ҫһ䡣

̫̫ĵ£ͿʼһЩ⣬Сضɼ͵͵һ

˵һϣүһȥͿʼʳѧص⣬ͬʵĵ͵ܱܵҪԵˣүʲô⣬ܲش

Ƭ̺үӾص˵ͷתʼԺص¡

Ҳһһ˻ش

֮󣬱ġүЦ˵ȥʱĸ˵ȥؿѩպǶʱ丳ڼңһȥˡ

ĸ֪£ǰţûвԣҲû׷ʡ

ү뵽ʲôЦ£ּ˵ȥ˲֪Ȫ裬ھǺ

˵һ䣬ϸϸһҸĸȥй䣬۾Ҹ¥ЪЪšв԰ҸĸҪҲ¥ȻҪҺõġһʲôò裬˼СֱӸȪ裬˵ȫֻǲ¥ģȪ衣

ֹǴ˲Ȫ裬ֻУҲǹ¸ͩƬҰ֡

Ҳ֪ǹջԵʣȻԵĲƳɵĲҶͬƷǸƬ԰Ĳϸ΢Ĳֶֻ࣬Բ輫˽ˣֵó

ֻǺųȪĻ

һ£үӣǼҲ¥Ķңǲܣ

ԣҺʹȷʵܡ

Ǿûд۵ͷƬ԰ӲĲ˸ⳣֻܼҷֵһЩˡȻҸĸǱǲ֮еġ

ⳣǱõĲҶǽˡǱȥ˹ҲǺ֪ǱߵıԺҵСӽģⳣҲǡˡ

õ裬ŵ¥ȥģֻһֱںܼˡ

ûүҡҡͷҸĸ˺ȣֱÿǵĲԶˡ

ÿĶǰѿʧЦÿܲĲôܹ࣬¥ȥģһֻʣˡ

Ҹĸⲻ͹ôүЦ˵ϻûɽһҪȥɽô裬׳ʲôط

Դȥ۵

үӵͷӦ£Ÿпüû쵽ϣ㻹Ϊߴ˵ط

⼸ϱ仯󡣡˵Ÿֱߵӣ÷үӿ·ߵľɫ

ʱѾûԶˣɽеľƬĲ԰ȡ紺Ҷ·ʱĿһƬ´̡

۽ܵÿÿ˲һ󣬾Ͷÿѡһ԰ӣſɽժ衣

ΪԲ赽裬Ŵģÿ꿪԰ʱ䣬Ҳ۲Ҷġ

Ҳáүӵͷ

˵䣬ʻԺ۸ҪѣͬһҲ

̫̫죬кҲҪԺ

飬ҪҪͣȥתת

һʱүӰ˰֣ȻˣԺеʱȥ䣬ʱˣȥɡ

ҿǲܡ۵ͷλ˱ôãȷʵӦȥϢǣү컹ҪȥɽϿ԰

ʻԺӣ·Ŀ·ϻܿͣŵۼܣ⼸ҶȥÿٽͻǰչҶ

˵ָָǰͣŲСͷҲǽģ󴬻ǽֻܿСһѲҶ˳ȥ

үѧʲǳʶֹ㣬ܿǵȻҲ࣬ףֻСܽҲкô

òǺүǰʱر𣬴ֲ趼׬ЩǮﲻ˶·ӣһۿȥ󲿷ֵķӶǰǽߣòƯ

ۼҵլӣǴƯģСضͽҪԼ˽˿ռ䣬ǰЩ꣬۸ְլһЩ

СضۺͽסͬһԺѾԼסһԺӡ

үӸ̫̫ſڿһŽݡ

ȥǰͰҪ鶼Ըȥһӻ˾ѵصذ˴ĶȥɨɾԺӣ˶ϴֵˮҲ棬˵Ѿ׼òˡ  

ֻвˮû׼ԼΪλ㡣

СضҲɵԱߺš

ȹ裬ϢһŷԸóϲˣҲϲĿζһ߸游ĸˣһߵұ³ģֻǽˣҸ游ĸЩóԵġ

ٹɣ̫̫Сض˵ؼҪúдˡ

ԣ̧ͷСضһۡ

Сض̿ˮû˵

 
















صС˵www.27txt.com ȥС˵
½Դ磬ȨԭУԤ
