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İ
ǸŮΪûģȻ
ֱһ죬õһŮϴ¼ԽɸʽŮʼϴ֮·
䣺ϣûϴײ˵ˣ
ݱǩ Ů 촩 
ؼ֣ǣ  ǣƴôڷ[]ں󹬵㡷  
һ仰飺Ůϴ֮·


1 
ģҶ㡣
ۿľһѹ·ԼǰˣԼ߹ˣˡ
Ȼ̧ţһߵ޷ĵط
໡
˷ҽеͬʱԺһ
ػ죬Ϊһͺ󡣡ͺ
üע⵽δԽǹŴ硣
ӵĿǰҪɫѿϣ֪Լղһߵüأ˿˶ȫϸܵ亹ɫҲ԰ࡣ
ⲻܹһͿһ˹ӣƺ׼ʲôԼ
òѣ仹ǾãԼĿе
ʲô˼
ĪһţһҪĵط˿ĶǲţźεǴ
ĬȻ˵ӣмϡڿľҪһ̫ϽĹС˵磬̣ҲպĻۣŮǸԽŮƾŴԽŮƣŮճΪӮңһһһ˫ˡ
ȻڵʱûеϻʵۣŮҲûԽ
ػ죬ڻҶѣ黹ûʽʼѾȥ˵֡
ǰǱˣ̣Լݡ
䣬ʺɩӡ
ҵĹϵӴԼղһߵˣӦߵúһģ֪ߵöӾˣ㲻һ룿
·
˵˴Խĵһ仰飬ѵһŮ
ػ˭
֪ίˣҲ֪
վһ²ûлҳ䣬˿һװޱ飬˿ׯ£֮£̻ڵϣֻǲĵطǸг裬΢ͼ
ŷ̻۲ŵضԼһ㶼ûҪ˼ü
һ̫ˣ
Լҽȥ
˵üأֻҪӻûй⣬Ӧ֪Լ˼
ٲҪ˰ѹҹȥŶ
̵ɫ׵ģǴʹУ䵽ôˣղŻúõģôͻȻͷˣ
ҲҪŮƢ׽ƢͺˡֻڷʱԣҲЩˡ
ɼʹٲˣҲֻǿеĲ죬ЩĴӵ
̸վûü·һϸɤϼݵ
̣
䣺ûȥػˣ
仹ûüļ䣬Ҳ֪ԭͻʵ۵Ĺϵôɲô˵Լϱôһñûĸܵסɣοǻʵأ
䵱ϣֱϵذףԼĸ첲ϻһӡ
ʵŶʱ򣬿ľǻʺһ׳ذ׺ǽ۵Ĳϣ˵Ų֪Ϊ»Ƿŭ
ٹһǰ
ʵ۵ֽһ£뿪ڣذصһ̣ĽԼĻУ˫ֽץԼ·ϣˡ
ʺĪ£ڡ
ʵƺǿԼıƺڰֻ֪ǲĴܾãʵۻ¶ܽӲ
Ƿ޹ϵܲ
ʵϵζܺţģȴ˾ã벻ᡣ
ϣ檡
仹ڻʵǰһٴ࣬ͼʵɿ۾˵ĸ첲ͳȴ޷εĽźŭ⣺ô£̫ҽ
ֹ˻ʵȥ̫ҽ̻޹ء˲ҪӣҪġ
һΪڷ̵УάɫҲںÿ˲١
ʵ۵ɫˡĿڷ̵ɨһȦ·ڿֽĿϣġ
ǿȳ檣ӡ˵治ɫĲԼѪĸ첲̧ʵ۵ǰ⵶ҲˣѪҲˣܲܰŲԼĻԷӰ죬ⲻǷΧ֮ڣܱȫԼͺá
ʵֵĿһ䣬Ҫڣȴʲôû˵ɾһۣ侹Ȼڻʵ۵п̡Ȼת̵ʱǹתΪŭ𣺡̣ôĵӣҹ󹬣ʺǵ˲ɣ
ʵ۵ŭ𲻽ϣһֱ̨Ӿŷ̵˹ȥ
̱ûü·˿ֻ·Լǰʵһӵ÷ǳ׼ֱз̵ţȻ󡭡λ͸ˡͷˣѪϵĴӶͷҼˡ
ãԼĸ첲ƺˡ˹ȻҪԱȵģ˱ԼҵģͲԼˡ
֣ԩ
̹ºԩ۾ȴ䡣
˼޵Ļʺԩˣʵ۵ɺܶӣȴҲ˵仰֮ҲתƵϡ񣬴һ˿СͲȷ
䣺ʲôѽ
ڳʮֻңû취ļ䡣ɽƾҵĳ棬Ҳܲ²Ǽ򡭡ǻʵ۵̬ȣ̫ˡ
ãԭôȴɻúúõģҲͦ׵ġ
ûлشʵ۵Ļǿ䣬գգ۾
壬ģЩθԼŸоȥˡô
Щ۾תͷŻʵ׼ϴϴ۾
תͷö˻ʵ۵ߡ˫ڵУĶǷŭ衣˿̻ʵ۵Ӷƺ΢΢ЩȭͷָڷףģЩģʵۻ᲻ұ
գʵʲôûֻƫͷƿߡ
ʵ۵һͷԣӵʱ򣬻ʵƿߣǰʾ˰һ֮ô
Ȼʵ۵ֻڣܸо裬ˣ;ظһ¡û޵ó˽빬£κ˶׼ȥ©κһһ
ĴʽײԼܵܺͻʺĻʵ˵˼
üʵɲСܵܶ۸ͷˣŶȾָȻ͡ôˣ
ڿſקڣվֻǸүʵǰվǸܵܡ
Żʵһ˦׼ˣס
ʵ۵ζס˰תͷ䣬ĶˣԼ̲ŭʺˣ㻹𣿡
⡭
Ļشûκγɣʵ۵ɫѿˣ̵ϣȴһ˿⡣
úúãʵһ˵ãı飬ġˣޱ˻ʺԸ֮£㵱һжû;ظ
лҪ˵
Ԥġƴôڷ[]ղأӰʫ粺ԼżĶԼһˡ
Ϊڷ۵ӰžжԼҿʵӣˡ
žҵʹָ˴
ŶԼҵ壬Ӱ˳׷ŷңֵĶ
ĵһ죬֫Эһ֧Ů衣
ĵڶ죬ĬԵ߶߶߶졣
ĵN죬صһ۵һŵŵӾMVȵñʸԼ˿ŵĸ
ķ˿ˣ#ÿ춼ڱ裬Ҹ#
ƴʵжڶԼҵӰ˺֪ط֣ԼĻӪҵԼҸˡ
-
ףһĸ֣Ӳע磬֪֮Լôһڷ۴ڡ
ʹֻԴ죬ԼȫӰԼս
ףǣһĨ޵Ļȣ˺󡪡
#Ӱ󹫿ʾԼ͵ף#
#ӰףŮƵ#
#Ӱʾף#
ڷӰ޿̣ҪҶԼҶߡ
ڶͷ#Ӱ˽Decemberףҹδ#


2 
ʵ˵仰Ҳ뿴ͷˣµĲüƺ뿪Ϣĵط
šֹ׼ͳȥĹˣ䣬Įϳȥشʮ壬ʹ¡
ʺͻʵ۵ȫͬùȫ֪룬֪ôá
ʵۺͷҲȫסˣʵ۲ԼĶ䣬Ҳţô
ʺʲô˼ʵۿ䣬üͷ
ϲ˵˳檵Ը𣿡û˿ӵؿŻʵۣȻ֪ԭ򣬵ǿˣʵ۾ԼҲġ
ǡ
Ȼʵģģȫһ
ûпǣճ檵ķԸִС
ʺɱڣ
檵Ȼڣͻϡ
һɵģûʵֱ˦ˣֻģĸоǰըëСһ㡣
ʵ߳乬죬ȻͣסĴ̫һʱûӦֱײȥȵòɲסһƬҰס
£
ҽʺ￴κҩģҪϱޣֱҩԲûʺκκ֢˰̡
ūˣūȥ졣
ȵȡʵ۵ɫֱ˼䣬űϳȥķ̣ȻĿڣ̵ִĹˣݺݴ򡣡
ǡүӽǡ
ôһˣʮ嶼ܲסˣ˵ӽ޻󲻳ɣޱСʱھӪҲûٰ飬ˡ
ʵǹ˹˿չŻʺʱס
˻ʵۺ䣬Ҳʱ䣬һļˡ
ԭ䣬ϽıСŮ󽫾۰ã;÷Ҳķ䲻Ȣ
ͬȵ谮СӣСС;ͱֻΪָ顣һĻֻԭ;꣬Ǿͻ˳۵һԡɡѲ⣬οǻʼҡ
һ֮ʤԭûϣϻλӷ죬ǻĵһ飬ӭȢΪ
ΪƸǶô١䲢ϲ»ʵۣ൱
빬꣬ȴδԷйκһ˿ɫЦˡ֪ԹޣԴδֹֻһգԭģķ
Ĳãûת⣬˼ɵĺ;һ𣬸ʵ۴һñӡ
ô죬̫Ȼѡԭ
ɻʵ۵Ųʹ죬̶ˣԸҲͱԽԽбܶ䷢Ͷ°ٹٷճΪı
䣬ѡ;֣˷壬Ʒţŷλ
޵ˣֻоֻҪϻʵۣǾͿ˳һˡ÷Ըһֱֻм޸ԼܻҸ
ϣ䡭ȷʵͦģʵɷñӣԶԶֹһģҲбģڷǰģҲġԻʺñӣ²£
ձƹɱѡ޹Է٣ǰΨһԸǼһ棬ϧټ˼Ӵ˻ƣȷ졣
ܵ˵ǶԷûκһ˿ģǸ˰һӣʲôԸֱ̳꣬˻ʵۣȴֻܵ˵õķȢҲ˺󹬼ǧڱĲ
ʱѾǻʵˣҲʧȥüֵյĸ鱻ľڷ̵У㵽ȱ㡣
ܷδ䣬ǲŵġԼˣУһЬһ֮λѾܺˣȻҪʺ֮λ󹬣ôܣ
䣬Ϊ˽׸ĹƷ̣ת֣˵ǻ൱ʹˣûͱĥʱмϳ۳ҡ
ֱף̾ǸУĺ÷
俴̺һŮҲ㲻ϺˣãеԡȻԼػǾͺúûų£զΣ
е㼬ְͷ֮䣬һĲ඼ˣԽʱ㣬׼һʱ򡣵Ȼⲻص㣬صǡͷǱΪ鲻㣬ǺѾˡ
ͨѹΪ൱񣬻λԿʵȥȡͶˡ
ܸ˺ԣԴӴ֮󣬾ôſģһͿġ֮£ٹģԹصͷ̶ϣû˻վڷߡ
ֵܾˣװ˱ˡ
ָнû棬úúııˡ
ļ֮Ǹ˻ʵ֮ǰʱֵˣΪ踺أû뵽һ޿ħŵһ̡ƻʵԼҲģһñӣȴʺֻԼš
ǲ˱棬ȴûµʡµʵ£ûµʵµʲô
ʵʲôţʲô£⻼һѣƫƫʲô¡һĻʵۣͺ󲻺õ
ʵԶ˵ҲǼ£һЩ鷽ĶࡣʺȨܴ󣬹ʲôʵ۶
֪˻ʵ۴Ǹʲô̬ڵǶЩıӽµˡһԼλŵˣ˵ǻʵˣûĸ̰ɣ
ڲܡԼбҪһ»ʵۣ˸ˡ
Ҫĵºö࣬ŴԽһϣ;÷˺öˡ
ȥʵۣһ·ͨ裬ͨҪ
ߵ鷿ͼһɫ˳ܿ죬ԵЩϵ˵еϡ
΢΢񣺡μϡ
ʺ޲˵Ӳãþ񡣡ºͣһ˿𱸣ʵǰһѷס䣬Ͳһ¶ѣʵ۵ķӦȴʲôίһ㡣
ʺôˣ·Ը˾ͺáǡޣֻҪ֪һޣ޻ȥġôҽҩаʱ𣿡
Żʵ۵վֱӣ俴ŻʵۣͣԹˡ
ֻش˻ʵ۵һ⣬Իʵ˵ȴѾǷǳѵˡһ£˦ʹǵ˵棬ҲӲӡ
ʺôޣҪ£


3 
ʵţȴǣΪ˷̡ʺоֻܵܣԼĵزʼղڻʺеĵλ
檹Ϊ˾
ȻĻһͿǰĻʵº͵ЦһӾͿʵ۵ٱƫӲЦʱ򻹺ãޱʱֻ˾ʮĮϢ
ʵģΧ̫๬ŮȻŵˣҳ¾ŭⱩ
ȴǲµģЩã޳۵ĻʵֻۣëȮ
뵽⣬乴˹ǣ¶һЦݡ
ʺ㡭ղЦˣ
䲻һЦݣʵ۵Ŀȴԣ˾Զ뷹
ϲϲ
ϲϲòˣʺԺ춼ЦЦòãʵ˵һ仰ʱ򣬾Ȼһ˿ζ
һ֮ȻԼλ÷ŵôˣ
һ£ûлش
ʵۿĬ֮ĹϵϵϲɢתΪޱ顣ʲôأ
á
ڻʵ۲ϣʱȴᣬȴܿ϶
ͬˡ˿̻ʵ۵УĶǲŵϲãƺ˺ܳʱŽԼƽϲ֮󣬻ʵߡ
ʺôޣΪ˸Żʵɣ
Ҳô˵û˵ѵ˼»ʵ۰ˡ
ʺɻǵãŻʵȥµģ޿ʹʺģҪڡôŶ೤ʱ䣬ʺͺˣ
һڡ
ͣһ£ڻʵΪҪڷ̵ĻϾݵʱȴͻȻת˻⣺֪տпУ
䲻ἱűƻʵʲô飬û̷ų˼ôһеģԵͷҲǺõġĿģʵֻûʵ۲ҪͺãҪô͡
ֻҪͺˣĵǹҴ£աһʱԻʵ۷룬ʱûʵ˽һ伲ˣҲǸ¶
Իʺ룬ҪǻƽʵһһھʹӦˣȻʱ˿̣ʵȴԥһ£ʺ£
빬һֱ⹬УոǾ쳣ƣ֪ϿɷԸ㳼
뵽빬һֱûȥʵӿһΣ׻ԼˡԭΪˣɻǺĸܡ
ȻԸġֻǻʺҪһͬʵۻЩģԼһȥ᲻ûʺӲã
иõĽ飿ü
ûУ
ʵ۵ĻشնʺԸȥ֮ãôûʺ󷴻ڣ
һԽ˯ͦõģߴʵҲ˯úܺã뵽պͻʺʱͺܿġֻ˯úܲãԹĿֱࣿؽ˴Σֲ嵽ĸڳˣô˵ͱˣ
Ȼ飬ͻʵ۶ȥܡ
ڶһ磬䶼ûüţ糯Ļʵ۾͹ˣ۰Ͱ͵ģһ󹷡
ʵȥһţǵۺһһš
һϣʵ۵ʼպܺãü۶ȾЦ⣬͵ıһϣֱ˲š
΢ѲֻһЩһ̫Ůʵ۱Щĵģȴ˵û¡
ʵҲǣǷ򸾶ѵõĶʱ⣬˶ȷʵá
ʵ۵ױʲô˼Ҳܣ֮Ҫ͵ЩͰǽӴһ£ôˡǻ˽ʲô
һսز⣬µ⻼ȻײУֱӶҲһô£ǰʿսʱ򣬺ӦϣԮɣԼڱĻǾˡ
ҪЩ⣬ڹһҪõģڲһЩ
Ŀģ˵ǳй䣬˼ȴй棬ĿԺȷʱʱĿһЩܻ
ʵȴ쳣ϧ޶˵Ķʱ⣬̲סѣʺ󣿻ʺ㿴⡭
ʵۻҪ˵ʱȴһס죺ڳ⣬үˣҳƺ죬㻽ɡ
ղôлʺ󣬻ǡ֪ն񰡡ʵǲһЩҪ鷳̲סѡ
ã
Ľ飬ʵûκ顣Сؿڣ䡣
š
䣬䣬䡭
ôˣ
û£Ҿôн㣬㲻ҵġʵЦɵһﲻͣ䣬֣֡
Ȼһ̣ʵһ


4 
俴ǰһҿܲľ¥û룬ֱŷ˹ȥ
һͨĶ֪˿̷ļ찮˻ʺûк󹬼ǧֻһģȫֻһϡ
ûкŮӽӴ䲻ϲϸ׽ҲûкŮ׽ľ顣˿̿侹ȻԼ֣춼˵˿Ǽǿġ
о˷±ƺͽӲһ£ɿ֣ûȫɿʱֻ޳ȴջʮָۣ
俴ˣıһЩȴװ򶨵ģЩ
ţůůظһ󷽵Цݡ
ǣ߽¥һλ¡˵¥Ϣռأһѣоǡ
ֻնԵۺۣʵǲôѺá
ˮ֣Ĳ𣿡
ԣѾˣǸʲôʱĹˣ
С㣬Ǳˡ
ΣҪץˣҵץ˵ġ˵û֪ô͵ǱȻץˣ
еĿӣŲһ㣬ԱԼĸǵϢǺͨǶڷʵڲô֪ܱץҲһ¿ˮ̵ģ
ץˣһֱүүǰ˵ʲôŻᴥŭǱ
䣺
үͻʺһñӡ
֪ı϶òˣû뵽̵αװͦɹģʹˣնҿ֮ʡ
˭֪أǱУûϰգǻܵģΪģҲֻʣүˡү
Ǹֻ֪治֪ؼһңϽش󽫾һΪԡѪսôƫͳôһŮ
䱾ǿĳԹϵģȴû뵽ϾôԵԼϡڰУǱԼ󣬶ȴϴ֮·ܳҪԼϴףøⱩһϴס
ôʱ򣬾ͼͻȻվɫˣÿ˵ɨΧһȦֿһ۸ߵĴ̫࣬һֵĶȫһ仰û˵ȴѹ
俴˷˼ǣһ
ȻǱ˼άȫ𡣲һղźúõģ˼˵ʱҲ治ɫûӦôͻȻͷˣ
ҰϺ
˸˸֪һȥ¥ҪѪɺˡ
㰮Ϻֻע⵽㡣
šʵҲãӦǰԵģ鷳һٳԡ
Ҹӻ֣ʾ⸣ȥ
䣺ܺӣתƻôûѪϴ¥
죬ɱˡ
ѾʼڰϺˣĻµĶһ£̧䣺䣬̫ˣЩ˸
ӲԼҲɱ˵ģûҪɱˡοҪһͺ󣬻ûϴأôУ
֮ڣڷıࡣ
˵㲻á
ΪЩӣΪǲ˱˵û뵽Ϊ˵˰˵˻ʺ󲻺áʺǷİ¹⣬ʺõģ˵һ䲻á
죬˵Ҫһأ
ù⿿Լһϴ׿ܱȽϳҪľǷΪʽȷʵǱһֱӣϴסԼ̬ȣֱԷķӦ
ķӦؽһõϺУ˼ϲŵܣΪ
ȿȿȡϣֱô˵ͼĻʺĺ
ԣ˲֣ı޲ǻʺ˼Ըȥԡ
ʵҲȫ֪ӦģܵԼ̫ˡµȫҪǣٹٵҪȡԵԼҪ飬ͱ硭ֻȢһ󹬾ֻһλʺ
ʹǸܾ󹬵ʱҲǰٹԡ
ɷǸʲôʲôǾȥɣ
λײڴ֮󣬻ʵɲΪЩǲЪ˼ʶλǲȡκġ
ǲȡ˵ɻʺ˵Ҫ
Ȼʺ룬Ǿ͡԰ɡ


5 
ӦҪһͷѪϴ¥뷨Ϊķܲ˱˵Ӳá
ƢãЩɾͰѸղ˵仵ȫսһ顣
ȻǸŵıɵҲսɱģֲЩ˺ܿͱſ˵ϡ
˵ʱ֧ԴһԿţ߿Сʳ
޳Ȼǻʵۣ̬ȴֵĺܺãĿһ£ĺöˡѹԼǰȻװ۵ģһȥͺ飬һ㼡ⶼûС˿̿ŷֵȺ;Ǻϵġ
ôŵʱ򣬾ͼһȣֱӽһ߷˺Զȱֱ޳߳ȥʱǴġרҵĽǶȣֻУǻӣܽ׼ݣУֱôô
Ǳ
ˣ֣һ䣬λʱһѹӵģò˭ҲǸոһʮˡ
һ²ոԼŴӦ˻ʺҪһģһʱûסЩؿ䣬ҲĿԣʵһƿߡ
ǾԼһ£Щ㷵ؿڣޡҲԻʵ۵ȥģһݣȥѵһ˵ӻˡ
ţöԡͷţӦùһ¡
챾ͷ׼ˣȴͻȻϿΪһȥֵܱСѾ׼ӭӼҳĿ籩꣬ҳ˵öԡ
ˣ˿һüĻʺ󣬹Ȼ
䲢õ⣬Ƿİ¹⣬ʲô飬춼Ὺʮ˾ģʽԶΪ
ֻǲϲûɱˣǶǽģԲԣ
գգۣ˼һ»ʺ˼Ҳ˵£ֻҪеʲôʲôˣĻƺѡ
ˡ
ѵýѵˣ泩˲١ڹˣʵȥ̰ӵģ»ʺĻڳǹײȻûᡣ
ܾûˣúܡ
һ֣û˸ڿˣΧһȦλȫ˳УһӣĪˣ֮˵ͷŸɾ㣬ˡ
˻˵Ҫ٣ų̶Ҳû˭ˡ
ƫƫ˵٣˻ˡǾͨգȻ˵űôôãҲ֪һ˵˵˹ܣҪǱٱˣǹٸҲͲܲˡϣǾٸˡ

ǿҵ˼ʹˣҲֻˡ
˻ܻ֣Уֻܰǳ͢߹
ȻƽϰղҼƽϣȴ˲ưոݵģϾڵ۶ȨƵˣ͹ƵĴڣСӣ㾹ȻҴү֪ү˭ү˵㣡
ļһ˵ûв˵ûͣȵ̶޸ɾ˷ŵŻͷ˿䵭˵
ǾĴӣô˰ɣһֺ
ӣǲǡһʱ俴䣬䲢û¶ʲô˵ɫŷ
˼ǣŮˣĻʺ󻹸ҸŮ˾塭ʵ۵ֺݶǶŵ̫ʴˡ
ʲô滹ŮˣûأÿҪˣ
вмؿһ۷죬᲻˵ˣ˵ͲҪ˵ç򣡾֪ʲôãȨǰֵһᡣ
пϷ죬ŵеˣҪÿȻһɨڿԱŵʱС۾һ˰
Сˣүḡ٬׼Ա£ʾԼȥ׼ơ
ڳ̧ͷһ۷У۾
΢΢ǺߵģʵϣҪֵǰס
Ҫ˵ĳǲģҪȻҲΪİ¹⡣ĳƫģ俴žǰı׼ࡣ
һļһﾹȻҵϷԼĻʺϵˣҪָһ֪ʲôڷ֮ǰס֣ʾһ¡
ƽſڵ룬Ⱦƣ
С˷ģҪүźˣٲôġ
¶Цݡ
зˡָָ졣
ǰ˵ԼķɷԼһЩ
ôСģң֤Ҿ㡣
һСѣǸç򣬷һ㶼ѷ
Ŷ𣿡ЦЦھƱеһƣȻֱ˷һ
Ɑƣˡ
СˣȻǲү
֪Լˣˣ̧־䡣
ôܸᣬֱһ˹ȥɾ䣬һ˿ɡһŽ߷ڵأ
ͬһʱ䣬һֱȥ͸˷еġ
зһҽУ˵ѪͣðѪˮ
һѶеĺƣֱӽ˷˵ϣƼȻҺȵģҲˣԼðɣ
Ϊûȴǿ׼ȵľƣҩˡҶԼҩӹ󰡣
俴ƺˣһ§죬˿һ𣬾ӸµĿŵϵķУ˵СҸ㣬ҾϲС
Ϊ˵С˵Ļʵۣô˵̾ͲˡԣԼСʺϲ֣
ԭʺϲСԺɹЩ̫ˣҲܰøĵϡ
ôţ΢΢ӣסĽࣺʹʹִִֻͿˣҪĽš
䣺
ްֻǺܾûˣе
ֲĽŮҲֺսķУ˵һʮҲµġ
ôһ˵÷һ£ЩɻĿڣʺ书ô֪
ˣؼҵŮȭŲǺ𣿡
ǲṦģһҲţҲûиԼṦ顣
Ҳǡ޲ãʺһֱڹУûʩչĻᡣ
ԽԽԼԣʺһŻŮȴһֱڹУҲѹֻʺһֱѻԼԻʺĹĻ
Ǳ߷кòµĲԶħԶһ㣬ȴĲġھĹϵʹӽµľǣҲһֱǺߵģʲôʱܹ裿
㡭Ǹүţб±ߣ׼ˣ˹һҪԹŮ֪³
ͷԵĳƺȫûϡϣʺԹŮҲװۺ󲻺ͣ˭֪ôһ
лҪ˵
ϲСʹղһҿǵĴ


6 
мᶨΪͷƭӣΪԼǻ׹ݣƭӣȻеƭ˾ͷˣֱоԼսԳˣȵˣһҪԹŮȫץ
ðǵš컹û˵֮ǰȴӦˡǺ뿴ڴˣлҳ˭ɽ
˶÷Ǳ仹ΪأڿƽӪúܺãϺȵݣҲòȥ
ǷھѾ˶ĸ飬ǲںġ
䲻ںں뿪ıӰģǿ˵
ϣȲ衣
ΧһȦûˣҲͲڹ˼ɳƺˡԼʱҲ쵹һ
ʺ
Ȼѵϲ룿
뿴ϷԵšҲò˸СķԸ˼䡣
ʲôǲܵġ
Χ˶ɢˣר˵˵顣һߺȲһ£û⾳ġ
˵µĽܺã˿˿ۣʤĹ£ǵ顣
ǸܳĻӣܹϻλкܶڣܹڻҵľѸȹԼĵλҲ֤һʵġĲ²⣬ھӪǶӣӦкܴĹϵ
壬ǻģ
šѵõģ飬ȴֻ򵥵Ļһ֣ǲ̫Ը¡
һ˵ʤĹ¼ǲԼϲǰģ֡䲢û׷ʣˣԸ˵ǣҲûõġ˵˽¡
Ҫ˵ҲӢ£뱱оʮҾǿҴĹΨһһʤս۰
ʮʤ࣬һ뱱սóս壬Ȼ˵ѪĹ£治ǽкһƬֵ
ղŵ飬ҲҴֻԼԼǣǿռ֮ۡ
俴һ۷죬ֻޱӣ·۵˲һ㡣ţǳʤսֲۣ򵥡
ʺ󣬻ҪԵʲô𣿡
ǸղѾ˺ܶණˣɷһ㶼ö࣬ͻʺʱ⣬Ǻá
ˣеš
ԳԺȺ£ȷʵͦġ仹ûΪʲôô年飬ȴˮֵ£ܾ˻һ㶼٣챻»λĲżȻġ
֪˷쵱ԴϢ䵹ǾãЩԿһԡ
ͷһ˵һߵȷйȴû뵽лûǵһȺԡ
Ҳʲô飬ͷͷ˵˵ŮҪȥС檡
ԼǸЩģ¥Щˣ֮ǰˣһֻԶԶģڶˣҶǱŵֱˡ
¥ϰһĴȣãȫˡ
ҪүүңҲҪߣ
ү㣬ŮСǸӰ
˵˺Ů˶޺ţԸⱻԴߡý˵ʲô𾴾ƲԳԷƣүҵʮ˷̫ĸ
ҲҪүүҲҪ޸
˵˵ŮȻǲԸ޸ϱģȲ˵ǿԵͣǰʮСȫȥ㣬˵ŮҲǲԸġ
˵ŮүүҲöû취ֿ˿ܡ¥Ŀˣڶĵһʱȫˣɵڴģֻʣͷ죬Ҳ˸ۡ
һ㶼ŵģڷ죬Ҷ֪Ǹˣͨͨɱˡ
Ȼܹҵ»ھ¥˵Ůϣ·ʱ˵Ů˷죬зǿһѹ˷ǰץĿţӣȾңūԸΪūΪ澣źһӡ
Ůû˵ԼǿڷԣǵּΪ˵˷Ҳϡ
ΪԼģûзӦɵȲ裬Ϸ
ҲûзӦ䱭еĲˣָ䵹һݵϣᡣԵһУȫû
ӣӣȾңŮԽ
Сӣñ£үҪÿԵҲš
Ȼʼգͷ춼ûκηӦ
䣺ݳȴӶ
ʵǾ˵ݼ׾ӣ֪ĻݳģŮϸƤ⣬Ǵδɹ֣ɲһ˵˼ҵŮ
ӣӾңŮˮ˵ͬʱ൱
˷ӦŮץȵָһһ
Ůƺǰѷ쵱ϣһֱץŲ֣Ҳ˿ϧ֮˶ˡžһŮָˡ
ӣŮ涣ƺǲŷĲ̡
Ÿݹز˲֣վ䣬߰ɡ
׼Ƿйģ飬Щɨˡ
ð
Ҳվһͬ뿪Ͳȥǿ޵ҵŮƺҲס˵Ķԡ
˭˵һҪӢ۾أ˵ҲӢۡ
ŷ˸߳¥קһ·½ǣ죬ߣжھ¥ˡ
øȥþͺˡǲ۵ġ
ȥ
˵ҪȥҲû֡ܺãȻ൫ǸͨɣֻҪ˵һ䣬ͶˡҲûҲ׷׵ģϲĲ
ٴηؾ¥ʱ򣬹ȻûʲôǿŮǸղſ޵滨ŮϣղŻŵĶվһ԰ѵ
𣿸ղһ£Ƶϲͺˣ
ˡԺ˵ղֻץһ˵Ŀţͱָ˵˵ϣָôأû˵
ûпǣ²ĳ࣬ȴ൱ݣ鱨󣬲˵ϲů˵Ůѵһ񡣡
ǹˡʱֱӾʹ¥;ǿԷģŮĻ֤ʵԼĲ²⡣ϸϸŮȻĳ࣬Լмơ
ֻŮҲǵ󣬵湴ɷء
빴죬ûоҵͬ⣿
ߵŮǰ˿վŵģŮŵģ⻰ǾӸ¶Ů˵ġ
Ҫͬ⣿˭
䣬Ůüؿһ·ַ첢ûиһŵҲͷ
Ůľٶȫ˳ǣ¶Цݣ˴Ļʺ󡣡


7 
Ļʺ䣡
Ůݣ鲻ǽţ䣬㵽ڸʲôƲģ˵ϲֽεŮ˵Ҳ㣬ڣʲô
ԭŵŮѾվߵߣģƺǳǴűĺģǣʩһ㡣
ŶƲߣҳ𣿡룬֪Ů˭ˡ
У׹Ʋߡ
ʵģǵй壬Լֵܷ̣ԼĻʺ䣬ȫ
ҪǿôĳΪĸҪλҪͷһǶϣԽ군Խá
֪ϲһģһƵƷܹѣԼߣҰģԴ־ڱصá
ֻû뵽徹ȻǵĹŵһμͱָҲǿ
ӧȻڰ㡣۾˵Ϲû˿ԼҪ
ң
̽һ·̬ѽм飬Ҫ͹һ£֮ǰ̸ܲ⡣ŮĶ棬ָнû档
ܲ⣿㵽ʲô˼֮ǰ̸ˣҪڵ˼
̬ȣŮӵĲɱֻǲµģ´ɱɱˡ
˵ھͺˣǿ⣬Ҫôأ
̬ʼվģ˵ҲһԽӣúӧԽŮЩ˼Ȼ䣺飬ѷ̽Ҹ̸
Щ˾ͶǷ̣䲻ںΪúͷֱ̲˴ˣҪֵġ
ǿ²Уɲ֪ģҵǾ͸̸ɡֻǲ֪ƶʱ仹أ
ҷ̣ȻǲҵġŹ͸ųģظʮµģǲųˡ
䣬вң
һвˣñ⣬Ȼһ֮򡭡ǱߣǴ߷硭
䱣ϵ΢Ц˵Ļȴúӧ̲סɱӧһǸԼƢģľ乥˹һ˦ۿžҪˡ
һ˲䣬ɫ䣬Ȼһקסӣ˳űһȦȻһקֱӽӧק˻С
俴ŻеŮͲƢȴСֻֻƢ
̧һֻ֣סӧ°ͣƢһ̫áһΣԭ㣬´ٸҳӱӣӳƨɡ
ң
ӧһֻ־Ҫһ⣬߸߾֣ȴǱһѸץסˣȻô
ֱúӧıӽ˶УվһԵĶԼҪĹȴֱӴſ˵ϡ
ôھǽ˺Ҳû˻ġűԼʵʵŮƵڵλã˵Ǿ˵̨ʣǸҪŮĶ
䣬ҪǸҶЩʲôҴǲŹģ
Ǳ޳ĪڵҴľڣ˰ɡ
˵Щʱһֱڹ۲Ůı顣ʵҲûԺӧʲôϾڵƣսǲ٣ɴĵ⣬˻һѡ
ͨӧı飬һ¾жϳԼŶˡ
䣬Ҫ㣬һҪɱ㣡
ӧı˼֮󣬱Ҫɱ䣬·ܵί
СﶼԼ۸ˣ֣ŮһԣҲûиɰ˼ǶҲһ˷Ůߡ
鱨ռòˣȥıˡ
ΪԹԵĵԼϾʵǰһֱֵúܹɡɵһȦûˣͿһڼ˿ֵˡ
²ܽҵ꣬ϾҲҲͼ˽ȥ
Ȼͷ֣ʵĶ԰
λӣѾ˶ˣҪģǵĶǾƷĶѡƹЦ۵Ρ
˿̷Ȼֻˣһ󣬻ɢϢһǴħͷģƹҵ
ƫҪأ
ɡӣ˶ˡ
ƹҪĶԼȡġֱԸǮ׼ˡ
ӣĲʣ
ôʣ
ƹһѱһģ̲סȺ˳ַ£ƺе⣬֪ôݣˣǿǿһ顣
һ䣬ϵһӾʧˣ䣬ˡҾúʺ㡣
˵žΪȴѹס֣죬ܺÿҲϲҪ˵ĶҲϲ
ãǾͲҪˡ
˵ϲǾûмֵĶûмֵĶҲûдڵıҪ
ղŻ־ڱصõͲҪˡ
ı֣ÿధ˰ƹ˵ǿӲ̬ǿҪô׾ͷ
ƹûüлһĴȣʹ˳ֵԭǷѾ˻ˡ
һԹŮԭصүȻܣ֪ү𣿸ǣˣ
аǿȺһӳ嵽ǰ棬ͷźÿͺ޵Ǻÿʲô˲ģȨǰòֵһᡣ
ֻϣڰЦӯӯģڷеУֺõЦݡ
ߣ֪ͽֺûãˣ
˭ľȱ
ǰǰ·ܰôǵģĻʺǶĵ߿š
󵨵ӽ£Ⱦҵˣͼǿ˵̣ٶҪ׽аľȱ˻û
쵭ڣôĹġ
ߵĺˣûļţ˽Լ֣һԼĹȻеѽ
󵨣СȻֱӽк˵䣡֪ʲô𣿡еһʱǳ˷죬ڷ䵽ڻôţǺܲġ
ô˵ǽвˣ𣬺
ȵߵǰŷղϤȻǵʥϡŵһӹ˷ǰ


8 
꣡
лһ˿ȴ˶ѽˣոԼ˵ʲô󵨵׽
˿ֻݺݳԼӣûʲôҪǿͷ
ںˣս˵ѶȣԵĿǶı
ϣܲٸ΢һλᣬ΢˵
˿رŪУԼȥͺˣΪʲôҪһ
һһߺԼˣΧΧ۵İգҲˡ
űһ£ͻȻǰǳҪ
µĻͨգµǸղȥ¥ˣǸղھ¥ͦˬģбģһǣԭΪǳ͢߹ڲŷ־ȻǱˡ
꣡
˶һƬжǻ̻̲ܾһԼҪȥˡ
˶֪Ⱪʲôˣɱ˲գۣȻȨǰͨվô޵Ҫ˻ʵۣҲɵˡ
ƽĮҲ㲻Ⱪʲô˼վȴһʹԴڵȴһ㡣
£ôˣСѯţľͳĻ˵ġ
޳ʱҪ㱨ˣ
һ仰ʵúһֹڵأ΢ңˡ
¼ˣϲŭ޳һҪժԴô죿
㻹ûʺ񡣡ͻȻôһ䣬ŵú
ʵҲûҪҪժԴһЦ˶ѡںûģЩġ
΢μʺǧǧǧǧ꣡
ͷ̧ˣԶͷΪת˰ȦƷǳ׼Բñҵһ˿
䱾һԿϷģദû÷ж£ɲǹԱͰգ¼
ͷȻõġ
ɡ
俴źһ˶ˣ³ǸҲġ˵أĲ̫šȻʵǿĳ⡣
ϣ׻ǰսΪ׻һЩ˵΢Ѳ֮ǰҲ֪飬ϲҪƽϡ
ڷ쿪֮ǰȸˣȻշı˼άһڸ㲻ȫ
һĻЩҺͲţҲһЩеģ֮ǰǾãش󽫾Ů
쿴һۣ֪ǿͼֻҪʺ˵Ķãͷʺ󡣡
ʺ˵׷ˣȫһڲͷĺл˵
һվˣʺﲻ˵ûͰ͵ؿ䣬ȻֻǸһƵЦݣ˴·ɣǵðϡ
ָָУǾúͦ˼ģ˰ģˣʹúˣһ
ָķȫˣһйˣû뵽ᵽˣŮȻǵϺͻʺ˵õĵۺ󲻺أ
뵽Լ֮ǰҩ·пʼƴͷˡЩտһŰķģ˵ǵĳ졣ѹǵˣû취ܹʰҲǺõġ
֪ˣԾһЦݣŷеʱɱֺƵģǿɲһҶֻ˵˵׼ҩˣͼԻʺҩˣ˵ô㣿
ЦݣûˣΪʺǸƵˣϾžͺ޺ܾãʺЦıĻϻ¡
ٿϣͷֻϿĿˡºҲҳˣٻ´ŷУԼಽظڷ
һĸã½˴ΣԼǷǳ׼Ĺ˹ڷǰ
֪Լˣ
΢֪û
֪ôˣ
⡭΢΢֪
Ȼˣ֪ʵ۵ʲôﰡ
޿ԲƽϣմǸʹ¡
ǣˣŲǰġ
΢ȥ죡׼ܳȥͬһңѹʵ̫ˡ
ȵȣס͵ǣ߾ͼɱޡ
Ļúһ²ֱˤˣ׼ʲô
ϣŴûɱ
𣬿ˡ
ˣ۾ȻͿʺͳһӣϵĸ첲ϸϸذĵɰͿһ顣ȻЦĺƣˣϱˣʾôӡ

ÿ£ϻʺֿ
лҪ˵
ڿ


9 
ϣȥ¿һ¾
ȥһڣεĳĬ
첻ʵľܾ
죬㲻ȥ̣
롣һη켸
ϣǲǾãҺͷеʲô
׷뷨ģܹģԭȷʵйϵñӶˣôû뷨
޲ǣûСϵĺ
ϣҳϣȷʵϲ̡
Ļһγɹ÷ɫ˴˵ֻ۾ض䡣Щ춼֪˵׿ڳϣˣҲ˵жϲ̡
ϲֻ̣Ӧ֪ҵĸǴ󽫾ӢۣҳˣСţҵķҲҪǸӢۡǰΪǸӢۣΪֻҵķ
ˣʺ޲
ϣϲ̣ڣѾûиоˡ俴ŷ۾˵š
ͷǵ£ʵڵģҲɵӣԼһζķϣ϶ŵģ󷽷ϰ
ʺ˼ǣֻҪ޳ΪӢۣͻϲޣ˵⻰ܲȷ
Ͽô⣬Ҫͻ˵һ顣俿˷һЩѹøˣ֮Ժͷ̻Щ壬Ϊ
ʲô
Ͽ̸֪͹ᵽһˣ
ʺ󣡡ͻȻҪʲô޶Ը㣬ֻ²ԡ
ЩˣҪͷ˵ֿ飬ʲôԵģ
ԼޣҲ޷žŵܳĹͳ峼֣ϵԽԽ󣺡ʺ֪ūζʲô𣿷Ǹʲô֪еӹ壡
˿˵ĻʶͲԼոո˵ЩΪԼ˵ô࣬Ϊһᰡ
ʲôģʲôϵ
Ͽһûʲô뷨ıʵʲôףֻǷﲻ˵ķʵأֻǲ̫Ըǰ¶ˡǵһΣȷر˳
޿λ֮
ϣûԸūģ̾һû뵽ϴԼϴױͬʱø˼빤ϽŮҸһӶڱΪѪŻϱҸ
ҾٲТҲܻģҲΪ飬ǿ˷̵ĿͲĿеĴӢۣһ˽ΪԼԳһеˡ
ʵ뷨ǷǳĶġ
㡭
컹ЩţԶԶʺһСѽǸܵ飬ʺôܻϲ
Ȼشúܿ϶һ˿ԥϣڷ̻年׼ӦϣʱƻλҲǺԷ̻üֵңǸΪ˱ʾ⣬ĵĵͼͳȥˡ
죺
Ȼû˵ǳ鶯һ£뱬֣Լǰסˡ
֪ΪʲôҪȥ𣿡ĵһ䡣
޲ȥ
УúŸ취ң
գգ۾Ȼûȥ̺÷䣬ʲôͬ
Ϊһı飬俴൱ɰˣַȸС
ϣȥףɷڱڴ£ʺô׵ģȻ֮£ˮֵ飬ôҲӦñʾһµġ
뷨ܼ򵥣Ҫ͵ôѪһûʺĸôü
ʺô֪飿µЩ˼ˡ
ˮ㲻ܣΪûǮ
š
䣺һᣬ֪ûǮ
ҲǷˣһ󱩾ô˼˵ԼûǮģ
檶һ䣬Ǯ϶õʲôطȥˣ
ҲǺ
ʵǰùܣ̰ٲˣҲǱЩ̰ˣɼʹٿ飬Ϊʵ۷ǮҲûеģҪʲôµʱ򣬾ûǮˡ
ˮֵ飬ǰҲлʵ۲ܵģЩʵ۸ǳڸƵĿʱѡһǣ°յȻҲĺܶ˶ܿƵġ˷⣬ǵĲܣµĽڿһµ
ˮ֣ǹܻǲܣ
俴ŷ죬Щɸ֣޲Լȥʵ۲źãϴײǷַӵ飡
ȻҪܣ
֮ǰӦҪһˣˮֿ϶ǲܲܵġ˵ˣеĴӢء
⣬һǹ飬ûԸǰˮ֡
ˮҲ˵˵ģҪĽǮʳͶ룬˭ȥû˻ԸȥΣյĵطġ
ʵĻҲľûа취ǵȽϼγǰµˣˣҲ군ˡ
ҪҳһЧķӡ
ϣһƲߣͲ֪ԸԸˣ
Ը⡣ҲûʹӦˡ
Ǻãϸ
ڷĶ˵Լļƻ۾һڿޣʺȻѩ
Ҫίˡ
ί쵱ȻίǱҪתͣﻹǱôίίˣٹٲø
ڶ糯ʱöˡ
ȻＺگֱӾڳ϶˳
ϣ򲻿ɰ
д󳼳ֹʵӦڷ䲼Ｚگ֮ǰӦֹģֻϧٹû֪ôһ
³ͻȻ˶ˡ
˼ǣҪ˵ջԼ˵Ļ
첢Ҫ׵ı飬ֻҪޱ飬ĹԱ²͸˼ȫսս
ȻǣֻǻϹΪӣô᷸أοＺگһԱȰ˵
޲᷸ǵ޵ǼҲΪ޴
ٹ٣
ʵû뵽ʵ۾Ȼ˵Ǽ飬ôǼλɹڳ֮ϣⶼΪһɣ˸˵ɻϾȻԼ˵ˡ
дҲɰ䲼Ｚگ°ôϣ
ôճһˣĶǽޱģＺگϲдˣ֮£Ҳ֪ġ
ʵ۵ֱԲ䣬ٴٹһͷ亹ϵʲô̼ôô
ڴĺֱĶˣСλݼʥյģɻڵᵽҪҪ
лҪ˵
дһСƪѾˣȤĿԿһ¡ӣӦÿֱӴػʹ


10 
һ߽͸ܵϵ۵ίòУ治ܹ
һκŴǱӺˡ
䣬λ˵˵Ƕô˵޵ģ
΢΢ңԼžͺãİ䣬ǳе
ң޵ＺگϲǶдˣ˵벻ǣ
Ҳ֪ǲҵ˵ĻģϾϴεɹѾײڴˡǻ룬ֻҪǻʵһ죬û˵ʲô
˵ǡ
⻰һλ˿۹͸ˡʱ˿ֻ̣Ǳߵľ黹ûãֱλ˸ˣҪҪ
ˣ°ɡ⻰һڣͼ˳˴
ȻնΪдϡȷʵһЩԵ飬ϴڹ֮ģλ䣬Ҳʡһ¼ɣ糯͵ɣ
λ󳼻ûӦ̫Ѿߺ˳ˡ
糯λĶǻ̻̲ġ
͸ñӣǷɱ˷ŻǶʲôþȵģڡȻ䲼Ｚگˣ졭Ҫ
糯λ󳼶ؼұ˼ˡ
ʵ۵˼Բˣ޶䲼Ｚگˣѵλ䶼ûй
ʱǲʡһгһЩԼ״糯ʵۿ϶ֻµġ޶дˣλûй޻λ䰡
ʱһñӿƶȥ
Ȼ֪һٹ٣͵档
˶᷸Щ󳼣ϵ»١ȻŻϷʡҲʲô˵ġǱҪú룬Щ˵̫ӰģЩҲ˵ġ
Ǻһ죬ûд󳼳ţҶڱž˼ģȻһɲʱڣ˭Լ鷳οĶæ
̴Ϣ˵û˿ϼ飬ֱ̼ҪըˣѾصһһҹˣǽľүʲôʱԹֿͷ
̱ؽʱܿͻڵġ
һʱϣŰӵϢĵͻġ
ٴεȵڰٵʱȻڴ̵̬ͱˣ
Щ˵ô£ƽһģ˵ģ˵ģǵ˹ؼʱ̣ôûһסģ
÷̲ŵǣԼȥԮˣȻ
û˿ϼ㣿ǻʺأҪʺ󣡡
룬ʱ򣬿׵ĻԼ÷ʺ
үɾΪ΢ˣ΢ֻһС٣밲žܰʺģ
˼ǻʺҲԸ̵Ŀ𽥱꣬ӵĻ¶ԣҲαװʲôºӡ
ʺҲҪүģֻǻϿýүһҪ취һ棡˵⻰ʱﶼڲŵģⶼЩɶ߰ѽ֪ô࣬᲻ᱻڰ
˵ϿŻʺô᣿
⻰ǲŵģǻģʲôֻ䣬ôῴ
ү΢Ѿѻˣʣµ΢ʵΪֻܿүԼˡ
Լʱһܲ׵顣
̵һθܵ˻ƽȮ۵ңˣȫǵ˷ϡһ죬Ὣӻλģλģ
Ŭ˼ʱ֮ڽӽʱʱ򣬵õһĻᡣ
ʺ޹俴ǰʱһĵĳЩ
ϣ鷳رһ°ɣ̿쵽ˡ
죺
촽øˣȻǺܲġ
ϣİɣֻǼһ棬õõϢͻߵģ㲻ؽš
ϵһԪ鲻ԪǸոմӷչγġ̱ȹǮ˶ڴأȴóôĽԪɼҵ׷
ϵ˰Чʿߡ治ޣĺܸɡ
Ҫ䣬Ҳ÷̼ȴ˸ż̸йϵû취
߷죬ȥ죬ջĺôȥֽһǰաȻǮҲ糯ؾ͹ˡ
÷죬Ҳġ
ԼҹˣѾҲס⣬컹Ǿúѽܡ
ӷһǮʲôٶදǮƣлʺã


11 
ٲԸ⣬Ǳ˳ȥ
ǰŲ뿪̺ž͵ˡ
һ䣬̾ͳûʲô뷨Ǿίôʱ䣬ڿ䣬ڿԼˣЩ
㡭Զ㣡
ű˺˼ʵûн񱡣ֻǷ̱ôʱ䣬һӵζ

䣺
˼ǺǺ
ǰӲԱԳƱġ̵˼Թڴôʱⲻã֮ԻᱻأΪĻ
䣺㻹ԳƱˣ
һڳƺСĥĥģͲǸɴµˡָ̻һĲ档ү治籩
үʲôʸ˵ڹΪү񣬿үأү涼Ҫˣ
СϾᣬȽһһģҲǺľˡǾ÷̿ˣľͿ
һ˵Ůˣ뵽ͬͽŴ󣬷̻Ȼ˵ô̬һӾͱأԭΪԴס
Ů˳ԴףںһӾͷˡ
˵鲻
ţ˵
治
䣺㵹˵
ŷ˵ͣǵһ㣬ѵǵ˵ҲҲҲɣǸ
ҺֻǷ곡ϷȵûзӦֻԼڽ͡
Ǻǣ
̲סЦ곡Ϸ鲻Խᵱ棬зִ磬ЩŶеĹ¼ˡֻЩ·һŮûŶ
ҪңһУΪǵδ
š
˵ĻһЩ׵Ĳ׵ˣԼȫܱû˼
֪ڴµļжǸҳԵЩͶȵģΪүЩ˾ȻôԱ֣ҳɣ
԰ο伸䣬Ϳʼ˵ԼĿġԴףΪѵĲɣ
죬ֻҪ˵ģһġ
ûǻǻӵʱȻϲľڼʹ쵱˻ʵۣʺϲҲ
ͷȣ̾Լ֮ӣһѻλġ
ֻ֪ڼܣܣϵܣأʹ㾹Ȼ˱Ůˣ
ԼؿڣǿŻµĳ嶯״ģ̬Ȼʺϣڷ̶סˣһ˲䣬ľԼ˶Բ飿
ûʲôѽҴӦ㣬ֻҪҳȥˣҾͺһϣٲˡ̾ԼòѾǳˡ
үǲǿԳȥʲôԣ
㵽׻Ҫô
֪ϸƻ˵ԼĿģĿģ˭Ը˷ʱ䰡
Ҫ֪ʲôüýЩ֣ɵ˵
ȻҪ֪թƻǿүô죿
ڹ̵ı黺˲١û˵ϾϵشҪǣΪ¸ʲôڷߴ߷磬ƹʲôԵ
ȫǲеġ
үҪӦϵİɣ˵ҲûйϵʲôġУүذɣ

û뵽侹Ȼô϶ǲеģò״ͨ˹е̫ŵôһüĻᣬû취Լųȥأô뿪ˣԼҪغܳʱ䡣
ԣȰҾȳںú
̻кܶĻҪ˵ȴ˼ȥ
ү㻹ú÷ʡʡɣ
̱ųȥʱһ仰˼ѵǻҪ
̲Ÿձ˳ȥֵˡ
ϣҪ˯𣿡ֺЦѾ׾Ҳ̫ˡ
˯š
ڻϿ԰˯ˣָֻԼһ˵޹΢Цŷ졣
ʺ޽𣿡
ԡȷľܾһ˿תء
ˡ
ʵ۴ͷɥ뿪һֻʧĴ󹷣ʱǲͬġ


12 
ȻǸͲĴǰڳһģǰġ
ڶϳʱ򣬷ɫͲǺܺãٹиǵ黹ûϿϾѾڻϿԽԽźˡ
λ䣬տкú÷ʡ
аʱҲһģ˾ڽа䣬ڽһ㡣
ʵ⻰һڴ󳼶׷óԼ飬ʾԼĲԣʡ֮൱һġ
Ȼλ䶼ٴǲӦñʾһ£
ʵ⻰һһĬ
ڴУѾ޵һ鲢ϻƽǧϣΪǵˮౡ֮ѵڰ仹εľ𣿡
ʵֱ̫ཫƽ˳ӲӵĻƽ𣬼ֱϹ˵ۡ
һпǺݣϱģֽ˵·ȫˡǲǮУǾʶ󲻹̣ҲԸΪǳǮѾ˻ƽǧôǮ׳ȥܻҪӵġ
ǵԥٴοڣƽʹͱͶ࣬óȻҲȽ϶ࡣλòô࣬һҲǿԵġ
ʵ۶ô˵ˣǮǲܲˡһʵ۶ˣһ㣬Ҳ̫ףʵҲȥ
һε¼ƾһＺگɹõҪ
ᵽһɵסˡ
ϣȻүѾ֪ˣҲǰ˲֪Ͽɷү
ݺ顣
ǻϡ
˵ݺ飡˺£ǶھͼΪ飬ʱҪһ𣿡
⻰Ѿ˵üˣҲȷʵ֪һξʲô飬Ȼһֻ谮мӵĻֱӽ͵˴¡
쿴̫Щ飬ԹĿһ£ͷ©˻ȵġ
ް䣬أ
ûУһվһԣÿԵЩڲͬҲں˵۹⡣
ȲǷһģҲϷ죬ĻϣȻҲִСֶǲдģҪûȤź֡
ްǾԼⱲû쵹ҲûжҲκ
ûУ
ްţٹ٣һ޴ˣϧϧ
ô˵ŵʱڹԱΪҪʲô˳ˡһڹԱɵۣǮȥˣϻҪΪǲаɣҲ̫ԩˣ
Ȱͦص߳˴ԼԼһˡ
з飬˸䡣
Եٴεʱֱӿʵϴôôȣ
Է˽⣬ǾԲܾô˵ġ
ʺкθ߼
ֳ͢£Ҳûκų⡣
ϲº󹬸Ȼ쿴ǲںģ仹Ҫõȷ̬ȡ
ʲô󹬲󹬸ˣ˭ԣһʺ׽εˡ
ڷ쿴λ̫ӻ紫λʺ󣬵ȻҲû̫ӡ
Ӧ뷨˰ɣ޴˾ȥˮֵѡ
ʺȻ뵽һȥˡ
ǰһҲ뷨ˣΪԼԪˣͿԲʵ۷ˡȻΪԼ˽һΪҲκι飬õıֻᡣ
ҹʥּȵڶٹٴϳʱû˴ȣ֪Ѿȥȥˮʱ򣬴Ҷǽд飬Ǹǵѡ񰡣ȥǵҪԼ
ˮѾ˾εķ˺ʳһԸ͵λˣܽʧ͡ȻУûȥдԼ¼֪ðһӸıԷĿǺѵģǸıʺĿȴѡ
ؼҵŮؼΪػĸֻ̫࣬ҪͷųһЩ⣬ǶԸţǰʺЩõ飬ǼٵģǱȵġ
ҲʮϣЩõ⣬ֱ˵ǻʺġ˱ͯҥɢȥںͯ䴫˿Եȵٴαųʱֻ¶òһˡ
ǰ˵ۺ󣬶ͳһھ˵ǻʺǻڻϣҲвѵĿ԰ɣ
ֱ̼ҪЦˣǸʲôԣ
лҪ˵
лΪͶƱӪҺСʹŶл[ӪҺ]Сʹ
 1ƿ
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


13 
С㣬Ȼϣ
ʱ׼Ϣһ£һ˾ͳ޹
ϸ˵˵
ռ鱨ȷʵҳһƬһһɻүͺӧͳȨȹ̣үүҲǳǿǸͲµʱʱ̶̿Ž̨
ԭĹܾǲ壬һУȻȴܵ谭ǰβŻ뽫һõġλүǶԴ˶мһˣҲǲǺ
ףúܺá
һ°׵İЧʣڽͨϢĹŴôظ׼ȷϢѾǳˣǵ͸ˡ
Ӧģױȭ񣬲
ǺӧǱأ
ԴǰųӧסСЩ飬ӧ˵ˣƾӦúܿͻҴС鷳ˡ
䲻ǺЦЦǲںǲѾͨϢģϾ̫ӣǵԵ֡
ףСһϲڱȻҪ鷳Ǿȥ鷳ɣ
СӢ
ȫľҲʵ
ˣһ顭ǵǴͣһ£ؼҵλȷʵǴӢۣҲ̬֣һЩ
ϽԻ
Իãȥ˼ҡ
ð£Լ鷿ȥˣøҪ
鷿ʱ򣬿켸˶ġԵ۶ѻķǳߡ
Դ֮Ƿ޹ϵ˺ܶ࣬Ҳ鷿ҷ飬Էɴּʺ룬ͨ
ŷרۣһʱֲԼɴԼҴڸˣϣ۶ˣ
ʺʲôʱģ
¶˾ϲı飬֮ǰ俴ƣ֮ɫģڣֻʣϲá
ۺء
Ϊ޴Ӧ˻ʺҪ
ȻӦ䣬;ֻ˵˵ѣȻÿȥĥĥܾò뿪ʱкڴ񡣳Ȼûд󶯸ɸ꣬ɷѾڲʰһЩ̰ˡֻǷҲ֪ڳ͢Ʈҡ֮ʣҲ̫ҲһԼ̬ȡ
ҲΪ쵱̫õı飬Ҷ뵱ȻΪµ淨ˡ
üģĺۣʵϲֻϧʺϲ
Ҳܲµ뷨һ뵱뷨Ҫһ£ܹš
ǻ۴˶ˣЩЦʵ
ˣʺںŬۣѾҪȫˡ
쿴䣬һģûʵҪǱβ͵ĻβͶҪҡˡ
ҲӦùһ¡
ڷĶһǡ
ȻͽŴԽ
ʺ޾ղڷޣʵѾֿ˻ϾʺˣֻǶͷǣҪأ
Ͼ÷ܣԺûˡζ
޵˼ǣ޿ģС£ûʺ͡
䣺
ôʲô飬ڷĿжǲأ
ˣϣ檽¸ġ
£ʺɲ´Ϊ˽ޣЩܵشԴʺÿζܿģÿζǹ£Ƿ֮䣬ûʲôֻʣ¹¹죿
˽£ǲӦõŻȥҳ檣˻ϣ檽չһʥּġ
˵ԼĿġųҲЩʱˣ񰢼˵ģҪˡڷ̹֮ǰԼȥڴ֮ǰҪһʥּ
ʺҪдʲô
˵ŻʱѾǺˣëʵҪݡһʥּԣʵǺںʥּݣֻҪʺľͺá
Ǿ鷳дһϺʥּ
˵ʲô첻ںдʲôʥּϺһϺ󡭡Բԣ
ʺô뿪޵ߣҪ޷ϺΪ˻ص̵ߣɫѿˣһЩĲ԰סԭΪͻʺ֮ĹϵѾˣΪʲô
ϣ˭˵ҪϺˣҲһĪ


14 
ǻʺдһϺʥּ𣿡
ǳּɻѵзϺ뷨
ûвܣľܾ
ôܷϺλҪϺ
俴ܾģˣԼʱΪѵһ㰲ȫж
ϣ׼ȥʥּשûʥּôأ
֪ԼʱΪ̿϶ˡⶼҪڷ̶ԣιϵάֲͬϵ֮Ĺϵο
뷨ǺõģһжǵˣΨû뵽ǷĲԼԴס
䣬Ҫȥŵܣ첻ǳԴףǵ̳ˡ
ˣ֮ǰõģȥ̽̽ڷ磬׼ʲôʱ췴
޺ˣ޲Ҫȥ֣дŰ󣺡ʺ޻һûʵ۵ģ㲻ҪȥŵвС
Ǻûʵ۾ͲӦ췴ģҴӦ㣬ˣҲȥˡȵˣҲͷˡ
ǡ컹ǾЩע£д˷ϺʥֹּҪʱ򣬷˰죬ȴǽקʥּ
ϣҪٲңҹʱֶһصˡ
ô˵ţɿ֣ʺͷദʱ̫á
ʺ󣬱ƭҡϺʥּΪ˼޸ŵܣһɱģϧκδۡ
쿪ʼǳͣڰ󡣿˵ȴԽԽ
ðȻô˵춼޷ţôͲˣʵжĿϷ̵ġ
һЦݾ뿪ˣҪȥˡŶǹذ
䵽ʱǷԽӴ
һʱû̾ͱȵһμʱࡣˣֵȥˣڵӣˡȻûбÿ
ʺôпҸˣ
νеĶǻʺˣҲЩˣ˲١
ڹң
ʺˡƤЦⲻЦġ
ԭһֱΪϲŮһһ˾ȫȫģҲûɹ䡣Դ÷Σ֮һЩе飬ʼòɿء
Ȼ֮ǰ˵ڳԴףɷϸ룬Ůˡټ֮ӧֽһ֤ʵĲ롣
ӧ֮䣬ôӦѡģ̬ȣʵ÷̲ˡ
ڹңѹһЩڻʹĴôѣ浹ã׼ǺӧүǺأ
ûУ㣬ڵģҵģŷģԼ̵Ҳлиģڻеġ
㿴ʲôֱӽʥּӵ˷̵ǰ
ʲôʥּ̱˵ű߽ϵʥּ𣬵ȵݣҲˣǸȻеӷϺ
ĻǼٵģ
ļٵģү𣿡ӳ
ô᣿
Ϊʲô̬˰ɣԷһЩѾ֮ĹϵѾԽԽܲˡ֮ǰһֱ̽ңΪ˱סҲŻѡôģֻû뵽
㰡
̻ǾЩԽܣôأ
үҲˣѵ֪˵İ𣿡Цš
⡭·ԼϵĻܲ˵ġ
ֻǷһֱֵ̣ķ䲻ɣΪǲһء
үڿ𣿡
ȻҲûвι㣬ֻǶ֮ǰΪЩˡ̺ܿĿġȻҪϺֻߵˣò
ҷȻϺֻҪûϣͻüֵ
ʥּǴģ̽ʵ
͵ġүңֻôˡһԼίģ
ˣҲԣҸǣǽݺú̸̸
ţҪú̸̸
ͷ̸̥Ҫ֪׼ʲôʱ췴û뷨ҲԴȥ췴ֻҪʱͺá
òִ̽Ϣ췴ǿ϶Ҫ췴ģΪ첻ΪǣʱڳϵΪټ̬ȶˣһж÷̲ò
˰ʱҲڴӶԷ׵ԼҪϢ
лҪ˵
лΪͶƱӪҺСʹŶлͶ[]СʹԹ 1л[ӪҺ]Сʹ
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


15 
ڶʱ򣬾úȡһֵ飬³㶨治ȡ
ۣǰһŷŴϤ
ϣһ£
ܲеˡ
ֻʺůůѡЩ飬Сĵع۲ı顣
Ȼ󣿡
ȻһСľ˯ˡʵⶼǽڣ̫ⲻ߶ѡϣҲմȾԼϢȥˣҲ롣
ʵǺ˽ԼĸԵģһǲϲԼģʲôӲ˼ʵ뷨ʵҪģκ˿뷨ȻѹǸʱ֪Լˡ
ʺˣ
ʵǺǺò׻͵Ĺϵֻصԭ㣬һΣҲܲ˵ġ
δ͹ı䣬ڡҲȷԼʲô顣
ǲ̫ˣϣʲô֮ǰҵҲһ
˵ԼˣҲû̫䣬ƽҲûʲôͬϣ檽ҪȥҸס
ôͻˣ
š͵ģ𣿡
ãùٳȥ
ţѵռ䣬ֻǳ֮ǰǲһ䡣
ر߽Ľ죬һ㲻گǲܻؾġϽһ㶼ûŷ˼̹Ȼ̬ȣ÷Ҳãⲻʲô¡
ϽеĻҪӲʣУҪԼİ飬Լ˵󣬶ߴ
׼췴
ϽǸӣһھֱ⡣
ҲǣϽˣش¼ҲŮ˵ͻģѾо鲻ˡ
ôôΪ
һֱƫ֪ġֻŮϣصĿһ¡
Ͻ̬ȣЩϵģΪϸ׵̬ȻǳңڿϽ侲ƺһ˫͸һеۡ
ѡվŮ𣿡
ᡣϽĻش𼸺ûκһ˿ԥҪ׵ݣؼһֱһڻңҹҵĲǷ죬ҲǷ̣ҵǻϡֻҪǻһ죬Զᱳ
˼ǣϻˣͻ
Ͻ˼κεɣֻúñҡĸʵʵҪҪǹҲҪǶ
㻹Ҫ췴Ͻ̾˿㣬ɵҪ㣬Զǵ۰Ů
ǡǡ෴ҪõԶûлھᶨؿϽϽ̬ȣʵ˵õˡ
ҲԶصĵŮվĶġ
ĻϽһ£Ӧ¶˵һЦݣĵģϡ
ţǰŮ̫ˡŵúᡣ
̫̫ˣһֱĻΣ֪㲻޸ϣǵΣ޷ܾЩһֱ룬׵ԲԣһأΨһԲľԼŮһֱϣԹҸ
ϽһŷжѪᡣλѪϽȴ̸ԼŮ˵ʱʪۿĺܰ䡣
ǰŮ£Ժ󲻻ˡʵ̫ѪԵǶõˣȥġ
ĳˡϽϻο
ʵҲûеôʵҲͦ׵ģû˽̹Բӡ
Ͻ̾һվֻһ佫˻ʵ۵ʦֻǳЩĹ٣ڻǰ˵ĶûҪ˵̵ˡ
˵䵹ͻȻһ飺ʤս飬֪𣿡
Ȼ֪Ҿ˧Ͻ̾һ飬Ҳ򵥡
ʵңҵľûʧҲͲûľأѡ񣬱̫ȻңǺܶ˶ûһսʧˣĺأ
һս
ΪʤǼ׵ڼ;棬˱ܽطʿǿʢ£
ϽóʹǼ飬ôˣܡ
ʲô
ŻճǣоȫΪģǳصİգһб֮һ档ôһӣȫûˡ


16 
սǲпģû˻ϣɷ콫ֲпᷢӵ˼ޡ
ǳؼаյϽþɳˣҲῼ飬²˾ɵ껹ķ죬ֱճˡ
Ե˲ûУǶѹˡıԣ֮ǰչֹˡ
ıǿģΪжǿеǡսս
ΪϽǷԵģζˡɷǲġ
첻ǲ֪ԼΪʲôǰս͢Щ˶ݶûСǻطǲȫʧܣūǴĽڣԶū֮¡
һƫˣȻ͢ܣԼİ취Щ룬ǻԼĹңū
δǴİյ˿ʤվһǣȻǸֻʣһСְΪūūۣûȨ硣
ˡ
ʲôߣԸԼչ⡣ԸԼǧˣӲں
Ͻ˵£Է˸棬Ǿһ۲ˡԳƲϺˣ飬˵ǼҲΪЩΪһδ˰սȱճǴκˣ
ͬǣÿζģǴΣǷġ
ˡģԺûлɥĲˡ
⻰ʲô˼
˵ϴû˽ҽļûа취ͷҾһ
ʵԼҲ㲻ϺˣǵԼΣҪΪһͺ
ǧɵ£
ġ˷죬ûӦҪ飬塣
һֱǴǿĵˣҵ飬Ҳƶһڣ巢չȥᵽһĻôķչ޷ǾǰվߡĿƵõһʱƽȴǳΪĸѡ
һûмǵ壬վ̧ͷ˵ġ
ңǶֵĺʱ
ʲôϽһʱûзӦ
ȷˣ
ֱӵرԼĹ۵㣬ҲϽڴսⷽȷʵо飬ɴĸ岻ͬƽÿһεս𣬴ӦսĴ
ҲһֱϽ˼Ҳˣֻñأȴ˿
Ϊս£ǡǡΪ˺ƽ
ǲĺƽģҲ;һ췴
ҲһӰˡ
ȻԭС˵Щ鶼ᱻᱻֻ˵ΪƷġһжǺġ
ȻʵУ֪粻ǾԵĺףȻкܶ£ҲȫǶ¡Լļҹ
ǹɣңһٹǡ
ǡ
ӦñҸڵǸݽɫܵܣʱĵĴֻӼѡҲ˵ͷ̵˭ʺϵʵۣ壬ֵڶʱһţٵĽʲô
ҪԥˣԥǾͶҪΪūˣ
˵öʵȻϽͻȻʶԼŮˡŮʲôʱôѪˣǰֻںСŮҵĶŮ鳤
ѵĳˣؼҵѪˣ
Ҳ룬¿϶Ҫϵͷġ
ģ߾ͽҺˡ
ֻҪϵͷˣǲķǱߵġ˵õĵǹ˵ġ
ȻϽ׼뿪֮ǰټҪ壬Ҫ
ϣǿЦɣ
һսȻһѻŵû˿ɣ֮ȴҲԸἰκսйص顣ϾֱӽؼңھȻҪ
ġ
Ϻ棬һԵŮǿŻһοӡ
οŮ⵽ǶԻʲô
Ǽ£Թʿҵ¡߶ԻӰ屻ôཫʿԻûӰ𣿡
ûʵ۳һǳõ飬ڼһڵзһ壬ҪǣҪϴףҪΪһûһ㹦ô꣬Ĺȥɲᱻǡ
ϣΪƸ񣬿ɷһ̫ƽʢΪ񣿡
лҪ˵
СʹϦѽֻһһ߳Թ


17 
ƽʢֻҪʺҪ޾Ը
쿴䣬ɫᡣ
ֻҪʺҪֻҪܸ𣬶ԡ
ţҪ
ʵԼΪһƬɽٶȿö࣬µûð
޺Ϣ
Ǹжɣ˾׼ȥŻʵ۾׼ˣЩЦá
ϣ»úıһôˡ
ôܾôأѵ֮ǰȥǰҵȥǰһȻġ
ԼҲǸжɣӱ
ʺʲô
ֱӳͲ¾Ӧϣʱϸܵ𣿡
ǻʺ˼ǣ
Ҳûڵǣֱɱ˷̣ǱҲõϢӧڴľڣɱҲףҪֹϢݳȥȴǳѡ
һǱ׼ˣߴͼˡϾһξҲһηճˡԷĴǳʤٶȸϵ߾
ɲô죬ϾǹŴͨ£ٿҲ鲻ȥ
úӧڻھϣϾãþͺӧ˫˫׹밮ô
ʺԸ⣿
̺ͺӧôùܣֻںĻʺôд
ʲôòԸģ
ȻʺԸ⣬޾ûκˣ飬ʺȫȨ
ܹľ򣬷˻ﻹᷴԡ޳ɣ˫˫޳ɡ
Ȼִ׼ս޾ȲıˡɳȥĴȫ޻ھмɡ
Ҳûӵˣʲô˵ˣҲˡ
ôУ̫ίˡ˽ȫϽ·ܲˡҷѾǸıˣһобŭǽʿǡ
ʲôίģ޵ֲûԹġܵģʲô
ЩȻ˲٣ǿҲһֱûٹ֪Լģ޲˲Ҫ̫࣬ƫƫҪЩ
Ͻ
ǵ꣬ڿɲһˡϽĻֹסĵǣǧʿĴ
Ͱϵ˼ɣ
ҲͬĹ۵㣬ȷʵţƱҪɱһֲ
սһͻϮЧԺܺáһ㶼©һҪס
Ļ͢ô죿Ͻܵġ
ڳ͢ǣ첢ûֵĹ١ˣǼ˵滰ɹٶɱˡȻΪǼǷɱҲϧ
Ͼôô죿
Իʺ
ﲻݣ⻰һ˵Ҫ˵ϽԼһ¡ôǰɽˡֻҪһ㲻˼ڷʱֽţıλ
ϣ²
ϽĻû˵꣬ͱϡŷ죬ᶨУ
㡭
ϽǿԼŮֻǲôصĵӶѹŮһϡĴ£˵ֻһŮңǴˣ־΢һǶסϽһֱöԲŮŮࣿ
ң
˵һ򵥵һ㡣Ͻʲô취϶ˣҲûá
ϣҪ߾ͳ磬鷳֮ǰһʥּϽ֮Ů
ڵʱҪԽߣԽȻ
Ϊʲôǻʺĵ㣬Զϡ
ңͰ˵ⶨʥּ򡭡ͲҪѹи檡
ͷĶԻϽ̲סһ¶ͷ亹֪ⱩϲԼŮɻֹסΪŮǡ
㣬Ͱʺ˵ּɣ
쵽׻ǰ£ȻеǺͺ£ȴ˵Ҳ
˼дʥּ콫ʥּϡⲻڽһʥּڽһңǣԼһж䡣
ϣ檵㿭ٽɽ㡣
սɳأ
ǳ檾ʹ¼޾俴ŷ죬ƣϸĻ檾ԲΪعѵġ
ǻʺͳͷɣһŻģ
ɽ޵ģʺҲֻһ˵ģ


18 
һߣʹһ˵ˣ˵£ˡ
ȻһЩ
Щ뷨ˣɱĶ࣬Ҳһһͺ󣬿̫ˡ
ߺĵһǻϲˣͣ糯һɲ
Ҳ֪̫ãʵҲҪ̫ãڷͻϮ֮ǰ©κϢΪԷһѧ˷ααͦõģ»Ӧһ¡
첻糯κˣͷһãɵȵʱ򣬴˶סˣҪϡ
ŲüǾ˵ܿջϣϲ⡣ЩԱǰ£µǱǻʺڱˣҲ˰ɣеѹסˡ
Ȼλ˶ȥǰģȻšֻǱ¼÷纮ǸӸ˵˵Ϳˡ
˵仰뿪ˣҶֻǻʺڷƢˣСӣҲûʲô⣬Ů
޹ȻǸһӵģԼԼԿӰűĿ
λ䵹ǳˣʺЮޣô֪
ǴЩӱ˵ĻôҶһ𡣱жʺ󣬴Ҷ֪ġı䣬ǶǺ󹬼ǧλ󹬿ֻлʺһ˰
λʺҲǵġ״ٶô
ȸ
սսعһƬõƺˬġ
šס˼Σˡ
ڰкҪ£ޡȿȿȡ˻һҪޣΪ˱ֳԼ仹ʱؿԼ
⡭ڴһӾͲ֪˵ɶˣܲ˵ǻɻʺѻϸˣԲš⻰ҪǸ˵ܵŪ
ȶǸžģүĻϲ飬ģҲǵĻϲԸ
ڴƳķһ£ôͱҪˣЩ϶ĺòã
˵첻糯̵ȻҪһµġĲÿҪˣƹֻס
̽ϢŲ϶һֵģֱһʺ󲻾ͺˡ۴̽ϢдӻʺǻȡϢ׼أ
ֻһ̾ͱȺ϶˹˵ʲôأ
Żʵܣȿȿȡ޲úڼұ˼𣿡
ȻñĿ˵⻰ѾôˡûȥﵹԶˣǺ
֣Ҳǵ塣ˣôûʺڣ
һھʻʺ˵ǵĻϣʵϻڵ˼š
ãܺá
һ´ķţָܲС
һ̵̣õ˻ش
һ˹Ȼ׼ϴα̨˵ĵطͷǴ˲Ÿպãںˣˡ
һ¶ͷѪҪʱĲΪЩò׼ˡڱϾǻʵۣҪԸĻ
ǿڶȴţҪⱩúܹ衣
ֺαضӲþ͸úúþ¶һٵЦݡ
ڽѵޣ
ܲң
òңѧѧʮôڣһûƳȿȿȡٵŻʺʺԶ㣡
ǻʺ
ȻԻʺûģǵϺʥֵּô£
ùȥʥּȷʵαģ䵣ǵģӦҲǼٵġɻ̬ȣҲ˻ʺģˣڸʲô
Ū̬ȣҲͲԼӦ̬ȥ䡣
ˣȻˣȥһʺ˵ɣ
ôţѾ׼˵ġôߣ͵ǰԼ۸ˣú۸һ£ԲԼװ
ɩӺúý̽㣬ôܵܰɣ
߸նͷϳǱѾ׼ˣȸˣ
ϳһϺ꣬һʵ۸ûɶ£ϽˣȱӦô죿ǾҪûҲ
ϳǺɣʵһȶԾݡ
Ĭϳǵ뿪̾Ҳˣȴ
Żʵܣ˵ǲΪ䳭õø졣
̣ҿ˵ôҳѪһ㶼Ǵа
ҡܸи̫ҽ
̧һ¶ͷøѪ飬ֿԽʺ󡣡
ܣֲţ
Żʵܵ˼ǡҪŻʺ󣿡
űΣҪ֣æĿڣģΪֳǳܵң


19 
Ϊֻ˼һ£û뵽ǸȻģǰСɽľ飬ɫѿˣֲñȫɣ
˵ү꣬ȫ͵ȥ
̣
ڻʹһ죬ȵ춼ӶĶˣһ춼ûԶˡ
ⱩԽԽˣҲˣȻŶһ£д
޹俴ˮ൱⡣
ʺͷĿ𣿡
ʲôһͻˣ
䲻ģܺõֳһӡ
仰ûã˵Ȼ仹û̾Լˡ
ûѧ԰
һӣȻ׼ؽҺӽϵĿӣǸ߹ŵĻʺ

һЩж֮󣬷Ҳô˽үԽûйˡ
ʲôʱˣ㻹Ҫڱǰ˼ӣ
̷úܣͲãûԶ仹̬ȣˬˡ
үлֱ˵
̷꣬úܣ˵Ľ඼ƽʱҪǡԱ˳ŵġ
̸˵Ȼ䷿䶼ǹˡڰ֣ùȥεǣһүЩС˾ȻûһĻһĶǸø˿û뿪˼
Ƕȥɡ
ֱ䷢ˣǲ½½˳ȥ
⵽ô£ָǷͻĲ
үαż
̼УԽżԽƽ㶼ż˵̵ģһҪŵģ
ôͻȻͲˣ岻һֱܺ𣿡
Ȼһֱ죬еǱϵģã书ߣ޷ıʵŷһܺãβͻȻǰ䵣ԼϺӣԼĲ̾ã֪ˡ
ò㡭¶˰ɣ
¶ˣҽɵ𣿡䲻м̵ԶеģֻϧԶҲǴġ
ǵô£ʱ򣬷Ҳ˲϶ˣֻ֪ࡣ
֪ϲ׷ϰɣ䲻ʡ
˼Ƿ׷ϣɣô᣿
˭˵ͲˣпԳϵķүǰүͲĶ𣿡
̳ĬˣֻǰôܲĶ
ЦЦ֪ƽ˵вţֻķŵԼǰвһˡ
ʲôϵ
Ȼйϵҩҳ仰үû˵𣿡
˼ǣڲΪԵĳҩ⣿
ûѾˣү֪Ӧô𣿡
俴ỵ̂Ȼû˵ʾѾˣôõĻᰡҪˣϽ׼׼ƹλĺʱ
⡭Ҫúÿǿǣһ¡
˵ģǺĶġĶĶûг׻Դƹλ飬ˣô򵥣
뿪ʹˡ
˽һľ飬ȴûһڡʹ̻ǾúֵΪ֪һܡ
ڻȴҲǿ֮ĩȵһ㣬¾ԼˡڵܼеҪ˷һԼϲãСǻƵ۵ĻҪ˷֡
ӧԣӧϣ춼ڰ
ŷ̼Ǵſϲ뿪֮乴˹ǣ¶һЦ
С㣬ô췴
췴ͷ
ʵǵȲʤսٴЩҳӣȻٹ٣ǻҪðȻսڷˣЩС£ԼŽ¡
ǴС㣬̫Σˣ
ؼҰŸĻֻһˣҲֻһ
޷̲ҵĶ֡Цݺܺÿһо֮еŵЦݡ
ļ죬һжƽǱǰȻʲô¶ûȴ˸ܵѹ֣ѹֵϢ
ӣϽӦǴﵽ߽ˡ
ϣЩһֱͣظ·ЪϢһ죬սɡ
ϽԼʵЩСƷˣԭΪǿȵо·ܲˣȴû뵽ȫûһ֣ͬͬסͬУǴһͨĽʿ뵽˾С
ã˱ЪϢһգ


20 
ڷ쿴ϽһͶȫ̲ۣһˣʲô۵ģ
һʺڵȥսȻԽȥԽãȻ˵Żʺ󣬵ʺϾǰƵˣ컹޷ȫķġẦ£ʤսȥ֮󣬻λͻʺ󶼲ˡ
λûˣʲôͷȥ
ɼʹôģֻҪǻʺ˵ģԸȥԣȥš
ӳһҪȥˣȥĲӱԼΣǸͶս֮УĽˣͿԻȥʺˡ
һãⱲӣ뿪ʺˡ
жɣôģҲôġ
ʵ۶ҪˣϽﻹϢϢϢϳǸĪøϢ
λܴܵòɿʱ򣬴ĵľӣļս֡
ľӵļ룬ҲԤʾʱʱᷢ䶯
ںʵҲͦæģҪʱעű߽ս֣ҪӦʱʱҪ̽ĴǣȻٲ˵ģĶ̬
˴Ŷжɣսеģ̶ԺӧչƣҲٶȼ졣
ĻؼҾ˼һñƹȷʵüޡȻҲԼĵǣȻǻ۰Сӣʹڳкܶӵߣһ⣬ûбȨ
ûбȨûлȨЩԷ̿˵ǼΪͣҪʲôʲôֻһȨеġ
ҲǷôţűƹȴٳûжԭ򡣲ǲ룬ǲܡ
̻ṴԭҲΪûбȨǿ׳Ϊܺõһ
ڷ̵뷨ǣúӧ޸ӧ۰ãֻҪȢ˺ӧ廹ԹԳ
䣬ȵԼǻˣӧǻʺ󣬸һʹҲί
˼̺ͺӧ˴ûȡ
ȻӧҲľ׹˰ӣԼĴ㡣
һȷʵܼѡʹ֪Լ羪žޣҪ֧ԮʵһʼӧĿǷ죬Ǹ̫ʶôֻлʺһˣͽ벻ˣֻ˶ΣüֵҲǿԵġ
̺ͺӧﶼԼĴ㣬˶öԷչҲ൱Ѹ١
Ҳڸչ̫˳ˣԷ̱ƹӣҲԤƵĻһ졣
̴һƹȴһڵ
ʲô˼ֱЩԾѾı̫ˣûôȴˣΪİѱϣƲʲôˡ
ҪүҪʲôộĪҪƹɣ
Ļ÷ЦˣűƹҲһݹͣװʲôɵ
ʺȻˣÿɣ
أ
ôҪǸ˼ԽЩԾ䲻˵ҪϺĵòôģͱһսϵأ
үƹʲô
̵ڻûĿҲȵġԼαװ̫ˣ̫ˣ
Ҫ𣿱ԼＺگϣˣɻԼϵģ
ЦţǱͲҪң¶ԭ
ղүΪӣΪ˳ӵΡ
ӣչ˭Ǿ˭ǳɾͲ˵ˡʺÿɣ
үһ췴ˣǲأһ˦䣬ȷ̻Ҫˡ
Ǿͱֱ㲻ˣ
̶Щ飬ԱȲԻλĿ󡣶ҿӣҪűˣȻǾͲܹˡ
үԣ
˿ţȻ̱е絽һ죬ЩԷ̵ƣͽˣѾˣǾֻͿˡ
ɱȥǿ֮ĩ³֮ǶǱĿ
ŷ̵ļ⻰͸˼Ѫһ˵ʵűѹܴ󣬶ұϲŭ޳ȻʼҶ飬ɱ
ڷǸһߣǾ޷˵ķˡ
ȻŴ˲һ˻ʺȰλ컹Ͷĺãǲ̧ͷ
̧ͷһֻŷΧѾΧ˼Ȧ֣һʺȫ
֪λȻҷҲǲԼ޶ˣԼϸĸң
ԣѾû·ˣҳ壡ʺ󲻹ǸŮˣǵģ
ʱʵѾ׻ˣôҲû뵽ԼʱѾû·ˡƹҲһͶǾԲŹģ
ıԼҲ޷֤ȫԵõϵĿˡԱ֤ﲻˡǼıôھͻǼҲͬ
ڴʵҲӮģֻҪһ£ͿѪϴʹ䲻ôЩôˣϵĲб֮ҲԶϴˡ
鷢չزҲ֪Ѿؼʱ̡ȻѾѣͶ˱һߡ
ȻһҪΪУǾͲҪҲˣֱóһʥּʺﲻʲôŶԣϺʥּɲǻʺˣ
ĵƣҲЦˣϺʥּȷʵһСġ÷̸͵˹ȥġ
䣬ڻʲôʸڹз˾
ܿϧأү̴òõϺʥּҲ٣ֻﻹһʥּүûм
ʥּȺóȻĻʺ֮λˣûϵеʥּѾԵ˵ˣؽ֮Ů䣬ʥּ
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ôܣôܻһŮ˼ɻǲʵôأʲôʱʼͷ카һˣΪʲôһ㶼֪
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̵Ļ˷̵һ˿ϣ
ôܻȥùеĺӣԵǸࣿ
ԣһƭǰˣ
зҪƭҵģ
𣿾Żʵܣޣ
任һߣѧŷ˵ΣľˣеĹâһİȥ
ˣˣһʼƭң̺òģıôõ飬ȻһŮϡ
лҪ˵
¸㶨


21 
˵ʲôʺ󱻷ϣ
սϵķϢʱǽܲܵģĻʺ󱻷ϣȻһ֪ģ
ϣģ»ȥ飡Ͻ͸Ž
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ϣҲϳŮİΣϳѵ𣿿ڵľ棬ˣʹصΣ
ϽҲǳòУǱ·ΧȻԸǲбܽս˲٣ɱϾ屾óսսˣǴĽʿ˵һôûС
ƫƫ£۶Ůˡ
£ӰĲǻʵۣϽԼŮôܲ۰ĵġ
ϽͻϮʵͦɹģľͻȻ룬жԹս޶ɵӰҲȷʵǴڵġһʼʱ򣬴ļˡ
սУľӺܾûôˣüĸоǾñ˳˲١
Ӣ۵ģʱ򣬷ǽʿеӢۡ
ȻʧԽԽأԭڶһŵҲʶҪŽᡣʵܵܺͽ⣬ȵ֮ٽԼ⣬ֻϧ޴ĵܵܣһҪԾͷ֮ſϺ
ҪԭҪԸͷֵֶܵΣȻԼϡֵڶװôļ˱ˡ
ȻʧأϾսһںϵһ𣬾͵ЩԲˡ
δıѾˣҲȫϾ۶Ҫػ仹ڣ̻Ҫǣơ
ĵıԸһҲǿԣ
ԽƣʱţԴԽԽ£۶ķϺϢֱѩϼ˪
ϣҪţΨһģ
սҹѵľ棬ߣȫСã´δԽŮۣԼҲȫֵġ
̱ƹסһĴ̼֮û뵽̾Ȼˡôûеʵ۵ˡ
Ϊмʥּ˳ģЩĴ󳼣Ҳȫѹȥûж೤ʱ䣬ͽҵĳ͢ٺˡ̰ùصĹأɱɱҪ䲻бȨԱѹΪõ˰յӵ
εЩˣƽѹյ̰٣ͺ޲ˡ֮ǰû˹ܣڻʺ󡭡ԸΪճȻӵ
ʱΪðղһ֣üҲĸоϰվͲں˭ʵۣںǵʵ۵Ǹ˿ɲǳԵñů
ȵһжʰˣ׼µıսһΣ⵽д󳼵ǿҷԡ
ˣѾ١
ΪսϣҲҪȥսѾϵ̫ˣȥ»Σա
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˵ԼսϿʱһʲô飬··ֵôͻȻԼǱʱүүһ˵ʱˡ
֣áסһֱӽ커
սǷʤһսֻۣϾǽթģ칥֮ȴǱƵˡļʱ֣ԼҲ֪Σܲܶһ١
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ңȡˣ˵ͬʱҲûͣԼĶڻĵ仹֪ģҲ˵ԼɻǷɡǿ֮ĩֺγǣڵʱ򣬺ķٵסˣȷ
ȫʢ״̬µҲһս֮ڡ
ǹͷָԼŮˣϣǹЦ֡ĶɾֻҪȥԼûˡ


22 
֧˹ȥٴʱһжһˡ
ؾ·ϣȫǼеӭİգҲû׷󣬷Ҷó˸߲ˮ͵оСЩȻֵʲôǮȴǰܹóĺöˡ
ʱյʳΪܹսΪ˶ܹȥǸʱտǵǳӵġΪվڰյĽǶȣǺЩûж𡣿ڣտǵ񶼳˸м
δйĸоһ̣ãҲʺǸѡ
Ȼĵ黹ǡ
ʺ󣬷Ϻ¡
ϲ˵ˡûˣϲϻǻһ仰飿
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ûС
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ϣû£ҾȥϢˡ侫Ȼܿ۵׵ڣʱһۣ̫ûˣŻûʺôۡ
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֪ϽϽЦݣǷĵĽԺ
ŮȻôսŮӮ壡һ㣬ϽһӣǱԼʤսֵýġ
ںϽĶԻУ֪е顣
֮ǰʺ赹ֱ֮ľӣȻţȴѾˡûʵ۲òսȻģǰѾĵòˣɲܷ֮Ļʺ󣬺ԼĿĻʺȫһ
Ļʺȴ÷øӵ̤ʵһʳ˼̻Ļʺ󣬶һԺЯֲİˡ
һع̵õʥּǼٵģʺδϣⱲӶܱϡ
ԴʰһȺ̰֮󣬻ʺڵ۶еĵλȫһˣʱϢ˵ͬ춼Ϊ
̵ϣֶһʱѾ˵Ҳνˡ
ϴô÷̣
еʵô÷̶νˡ
ûɱֻ̣ǽΪ񣬶һӧ޸֮ǰ̥һǷ˵һĹһ𣬸ͲҸҲһ໥ĥԹ¡
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ֹ˼ʮ꣬ڲˣ֮ǰ׷ԲԵķ쿴ͬ׷Բȴʸŵ䣺ʺⱲӣڡ
Ϊ㣬Բڡ
ŷֱ֣ۣ³֣ɵӡ
Զڵ۶ĻϽӵϢ̫ϻ̫֮ҲˣȵȺһӣ޷Ƿֿ
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ġŮϴ¼ϣһҳѾˡ
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һǿҵʧظУ仹ûȫӦһ
䣬лú˵ҴӦ㣬ҴӦ֣
ĵһ仰ԴѪĻܺȴͦżġ仰Ϣܴ󰡣ԼòǸСɣ
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Ҫһ¾飬ڵĻԲʺϡ
羰һִᡣܺãڲûеûˡ
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˵ʵ֪ˣȷʵˡ
վǱ𶯣ǣҵ֣
һҲһԸ񣬳һų
İ£˳ֻ̨ȽԾЩľ
´βҪΣյˣô尢̽

仹ԼʲôϵʱǰɣұȥҽԺ
䣺
ȻΪʲôԼ̨վһôżҪȥҽԺ˳ӵſϣãԽһ¾ļ䡣
лҪ˵
ԤղأллСʹǡ
Ϻڻ
ʮǰһʢ񣬽Ů޸˵ʱ̫࣬ʶĶ֣ϰ䣬ԭΪǰ
ʮ󣬻ĵ⽫ŮϪΪӴ˶費ϡΪ˹Ϊ˹ʺ乬Ϊ˹ͷϺ߰籡
ԭΪǡ
ظ־ǰ𽹴һĨЦݣԸֻأʮ˲ֻԸ⡮һΡһĻᡣ
𽿴űԼȺ̫ӵ£ЦơȻȺȴɵǰ̫ӵ£һᱣġ
һ㶣𽻤ȴ벻ٴۣŮһѵ˫֮䣬Цݲã̫ӵ£ϲ𣿡
Ůڻǿ׷޻᳡


23 
俴һĸҪһܲŰ磬Ůӹ֡ŮȱܲϹ΢һ㣬ͻḶһе֡Ůĳܲûиܹ
Ůһ岡ãΪʱøܵůͰĸƫĵĽаáСһ𳤴ҲΪõĹϵԼԶ
ΪõĴڣŮûκδڸСֱܲ΢һ㣬Ůɵɵ͸һСӹȵڵʱŮҲˡ
ŮлΣ䱾εػ󡣶εݾǸ岡ãһػ磬Ǹ־ᶨ÷䡣
֪ΪʲôҪŴԼȥҽԺˣžΪǲɣݣӦþлҽõĺ硣
仹ļ䣬Ѿ͵Уҽҡܵ壬ҽܶ⣬ȷû֮󣬲Ŵ˿ֻü֮βסĵǡ
¾Լæɣ
䲻ŮߣһֱԼߵΪ˵һѹֻܵ䡣λؾʲôȻǸɵ绹ֻ֪Լߣ
ʵϽ˵ģŽļ䣬ȻôΪģƺЩ⣬ŵú᣺ģȻӦ˺֣һ˵ģҾ㡣
䣺Ҫ߰ɣ
⻰һһܽУҽҵֱһȭϣ쵰˵ʲô׷ģʲô˼׷־ͲϡˣŮ˾Ҫȣ
Ԫȱ𳳣ǳȥҸͣ
ʱˣ绹ľŵ䣬ɼƽлûԼĲв硣ҲһǶȿˣůĺܿ¡˭ᣬûԭ
ȥ˵ΪʲôҪȥ˵꾫ĳ±˵÷֣Լ׷õģ
ԪɤźܴУҽⱾҲһЩ˵ģôһȫΧ˹ϵ񣬶űġȻıĶϵġ
࣬УУݷһ˸ȫУ֪˵Ҫ֣ΪһŮˣлĳ࣬һְͣģһЩϧŮȴֻϴһС꾫ıǩ
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ǺģΪֻͬѧӾһԹŮ
ҵ£Ҳû취ļˣֻܸǰһ²һ´ٽڵ⡣
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ţ翴䣬ɻȻڳЩңлٻЩ˽ģΪЩȴὫƵֶչֵø쾡¡ڡʲô
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˦֣Ȼ˱ӵУ뿪Уҽҡ
һ·ѧУȥ˶ָָ㣬̫ˣԼΪ˵߽룬Ҳһӱʶˡ
ֻҸĵطúýһļ䡣
лȻǸŮ϶ҲʲôöлΪϴ֮·׳̶ȡ
ϴ۸Ů˾
仹δ߳УţһϸȻһȺ˶סȥ·Ϊ׵ģһɱͷ͵
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Ǿǣϴôѵ
ȶزǰ·Ƶϣ
µСǷ׷׸ɱش⣬ؽڣ֮ǰȴһܡ


24 
һһϡ
ʵһϵģʰˣȥˡ
ӴСͦŵģ
ֵһϣ
⻰СܾͱɱϴԴܲеϢԸһŮ˻Ҫһϵ˭ȥʰˣ
˭
΢΢۵ΣյĹâ࣬ʹΣյı飬ҲʶΣա
ȻЩС쿴Լ䵱Ȼֱ۶һС֣Щ˲ſʼ
˭벻ƺһܰŮȻܵ۶һ֡
ǣе˼
˵ʱ˵ΧۣղУҽ͵һηҶƻ¹ϵСķͷˣСòƻǴͷӡ
ԿŮȤ
ǸȤֻǰû֣ӡгԿú˧ůеͣһģżƦ
ʶ
ʶԿӰЦЦҵС÷أ
÷֮ǲǣ
ǸƨһῴԿ
רĴܣȻûע⵽ôģҲǺںˡ
־۶һС֣СҲٿˣһѷһˣȻ˾ȵǣôˣȫſˡ
ʱΧ۵ѧȫŴͣһĶһľ㤣ȴڷκˡͬʱţҺøոԼûΪ嶯һӳȥΪУֻعڵϰģҪԼˡ
ˣĿһطۣ·Ҫըһ㣬ûվղ˵ʱͦˬģһҪ飬塭ĺݣһв
л䣬ôܴ򣿡
һȥͲôƵĶ𣺡Ҫ翴þȻǸУԣ֪θ룿
ؿڣðվַ·౻˺ѵĸоʵ̫ˣԺҪעһˣΪֻűˡ
ǰֵͲԼػĿ֮⣬Уû塣

伫ˣóԿҲе㶣ǰÿμʱ򣬶ߣԶģҲǴί߷ֿɢűĮŮȫͬ
Ӵ粻ߣ¶ıĿˣô˵Ҳô𣿡

۵Ҫûν˵÷ֶ˭ϡ
磬ػҲȫӵġ
ҼǵвİɣղˣԵ𣿡
޹أ
òվֱ壬ôǰ˵ֱƹ׼뿪ȻȴͻȻһǰһڣʧȥʶ
Կ
䵹£Կ巴Եض㿪ˣȵˤڵأС÷вġЩؿŵڵϵ䣬ջ֣ӵϱ
ȥҽԺ֪ͨһ硣
ԿԼͬ˵һ£ͱˡղôҵ˶УҽҹƶˡҪһôǰˣĲܵġ
岻ûƢô˵̬ҲôӣôŮڣ
Կ͵ҽԺҽ˼ȣȵȶҽǴųԿ˵ЩСᣬŮѵ㲻֪𣿲κξ˶ģôע⣬ûˣ
Կ
ŲŮѣҽԺĺʿԿʮͷ˺»ǲ
ҽӵıˣ˼ѲϸҲˣжΡ
Կ
ǵ˰˱ӵùϷ͸ԶԶĿԼȥʲô
ԿҽԺ˰춼ûе磬仹ûѣҲðһ˶ҽԺŵ˯ˣʱоһӡ
ˮҴˣ񲻶ģ
ãĶûһûûˮҲûϰߣеˣҪ
л䣬ô˵ҲҾ͵ҽԺģôľ˵ģ
ţԼҽԺˡ
Կ䣬俴䡣
㡭
ֻҡ
ʲôԿһʱûӦ˼
ҽҩһ㣬΢Ż֧鷳Ժǰ


25 
ԿˣȻҪŮˣмҲˣȻ
ѵ֪Լжһ·ܵҽԺҪҽ𱸵ôѵΪǵЦҽҩ
׼򷢽л𣿡
䣺
ҽҩѽ򷢽лӣǮൽûһҪҲԣҽҩѲҲǿԽܵġ
ǰˣĪø顣ûж໰ֻؿһˣȻת绰ȥˡ
㣬ôôòŽӵ绰
лεĵ绰һͨǸڸһһСƤ
ƤȴѳԿˡǸŮˣޱװɰڴ绰ôôΥͰ
л使Ρٵİɣ
ʱûʲô˼ԿҪлεǰһɰãȻлιؼңһ½֮ĸ顣
ţ㣬סԺˣܹ𣿡
ԣSС
ҲǹģҾSɢɢġ
ãؼˡ
ߣ˵ԲԵĻֱҪЦԿˡSɢģһɢģֱӰ˼ŮѶɢûˣô˵óڵģ
ȵ绰Կ̲סЦڣл䣬α
ʲôϵôûߣ
һƭ磬һƭлΣʲô
ʲô飬Ͻ߰ɣҽҲʲôӣ
ʲôӣԿЩ档
ʲôӶУҲҽϲÿ
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ԿʲôЦһ㣬ЦöҪֱˡ
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޻˵ΪԿ˵ûģллΣȷʵһ㶼áǸŮǸá
ղڲϵʱѾļȫˡ
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Сʱߣְİ磬л䶼ҪҪҪԼһ˶ԣԲлȾָ
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ΪлвĸĹעȫϣôŮöˣƺͳһϰߡʲô飬ǶôŮáʱҲöԲŮܲСŮṥơ
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Ϊл壬Ҳʼȴˡ
˵Ĺϵʼлοʼϲһ˶Ƕã¿뿴ģһˡ
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俴ܺý⡣
ǽ㣬Ǹı䲻˵ġҪ˱̫ɵˡ
磬Ҫ籣־룬˶á
ʲôô˵ˣ
õĳĬóԿЩӦȻ˵ȴǰǸαȤˡ
롭ôĹͷ
ҪԼ岻ãǾͲˣѾֱˡ
Կ
磬㻹ôֱ𣿡
ƾʲôȣʵҲҪԼػڳԿһлжģˣƨ¡
ǣһΪ˼أԭֻıˣ͵һưɣʱ֪ͨˣӦúܿͻˡ
䣺
˭֪ͨˣ


26 
ʱ˿ǳ򱬳ԿͷŸո˵û磬ýؼңȽһڣⲻ޳𣿹ؼǡӦûϲģǡ
䲻壬Ҳ塣ǳں⻹һŮӲ岻ģúܷС
÷УԿ
Ƕ£
л䣬֪ô
ôҴһ𣿡
лκŶʱ򣬿ľͳԿŵӣǾ侪˵Ļ
ôҴһ
仰˵Ķ߷šлλ磬û䣬һֱģ˵ϸģôܡ˵Ļ
⵽ǻþΣŽ֣üͷûɵ۹ԼС÷
ԿʲôлȴҲûͳ嵽ǰȻûΪʲôãΪ㣬ӦñõġԳԿʱȶЩ¸ҵػǰ
Կʲôط㣬ǸϡعҲǰԿһ򶼲̫ãϸ˵ĸ÷ɴСͳԿ治һȥԿ̫ΣˣԲ䱻۸
䣺
һԼǰģֻ˵ÿԼ
˵ڣлεǵ֮¡
Կ
ŮװĿãһ˾װСû˵ʱĸϻƵģҲ˵˵ʱСƺֻлǰװղŴܵʱҲͦ͵ġ
ԿܲˬҲ֪ƾʲôԵõǸŮ˵
磬лҲˣƾʲôҵǸ
ƾѡ
⻰һڳȫˡ
䣺ȥԲаɣ˵ֻС˭ŮѰ
ԿŮǰŮѻ࣬ŶãŮѾͻˣ
лΣԭѾֹϵѹ䲻Ըؼҡ
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27 
ѾܾͶûи˯ˡ仰һӾڳˡлΣ仰Ժзѭزһ㣬е⣬䵽ʲô˼
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28 
俴ųԿõĳĬ⹷ѪҪչΪĽ
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29 
ڼҴһ֮ʲôƫ޿֡лְлǷļ۵֣ʲô˳ܾľͺãʱ͹ˡ
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30 
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31 
ͳһѷذ׵ʱκͳԿˡ
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үƺǡ
ǴҲܽܵģϾںܶŮӾϲбԼһԴ壬ⲢӰ鷢չǴү͡һӾlow˺öĸо
ǽģˤһһѡ
˭˵ˣһ½һӾʹ
㲻֪ÿ춼ҪȻܽӴΪӰңҾӦøҵǸһĺ˵˵
Ҿá
ҲҪãҪҾãҵģүҵǸɣ

ĺĲѪĳɹʿѧһһʸûУȴԴôһֱ̣˵ģҲ֪ǳʲô̬ǿŭ
ֻǴ˿ѾȫûʲôԼ¹뷨ˣ¹ôŮӣŮ
ҺܱǸǵǸˣһԸ𣿡
ʲô˻ȥǸҳѧϰһҪؼأ
ţҰѧϰѧϰʹҿ֣


32 
ɹ֮ȥƷλˣȻһӦòġ
ǲ⣬ֻǿŸԼһģһãЩЦáǽӣͺ˫̥ĸоˡ
Сʱοű˫̥һģһװ磬׵òˣһֱǺĽģû뵽СʱĻ棬ڵʵˡ
㣬ʲôأ̲С⣬黹ͦõġԭٳʳģųţҲϰˡ
㻹ǳӺÿôˣôһӾͼˣ
˵ʵôһͷôˣ䲻ۣζҪΪۡ
˾ͼˣ͵Ǽȥˡ㣬ϻȥΪҲϰӢɣҪ㿼ͬһѧ
ͻľģδ˴Ȼʱ˺ܶ࣬ҲƺѧϰˣϻųģӢһѧƣϿҳҪ˯Ҳ֪ôͻȻ˶־
䵱Ȼж־ˡ˾һҪѧòŻѧģ֮ǰûһ̼ĵ㣬ڲһˣˣҪʰˣѧϰһӾ˶
ǮģñǮǸʱûκһ˿вεĿˡ
˵ҪѧϰģѾ֮ǰһӢͷ˯ˣѧҲԵĽƺ̶̵ļʱͿһ㣬Ȼ˶ۡ
䣺
ûпҹ˻Ϊѧϰͺͷӡ
ΪԼţĳЩѧȷʵ죬ⲢʾͿԲŬˡѧϰٿ죬ҪŬҲδٹ
Դϴα֮һڶûгֹȻһںֳˡǰ档
ͻȻǰ༶⣬ƺû᲻Ӱ졣
ͬѧ˵εʱ򣬴ŮӶĽؿߡ˸ߴӢ˧𣬻¶ɢų˵ʵЩУ԰Ů
δ麣̧ͷЩãʵ˭Ұ
⿴һۣ֪ŰˣεԴԼǴ۾ɵؿڣС£㰲Ŀ飬ҳȥһ¡
Ȼȫ˾ȵĿ£ֱӳȥˡ
ͬѧǶĲɧˣŽˣһôˣл䲻Ҫ
ҽͬĿŵϵʱ򣬲ŷͷѧϰȥˡ
κ䣬Ȼ˵ܿʹˣǰˡ
ΪμΣʵϣڶμ䡣
ǵ𣿡
δñϴμ滹Ҫɧȫ¶ǵ͵ݻƷƣһʶ
ǵˣү˭ѧϰæġ
ַӼ¶û˵Լæһͨжæ
ϸڲż
ŶȻصͷŴү첻ֵհǽҺ棬Լȥŵͺá
˵һ²ӣ׼뿪ˡ
ô˧ģŮϹһˣ
һ£Ҳģҽȣֻ㽻ѡ
ѣµشòǶʲôɸ˵뷨ɣҸ㣬ҿѵģ
ѣ
üǶЩȤŮѾ˵Ļ
԰Ѵܿˡү㻹Զ㣬ñˡ
б򣿡
ȻԻ·һƵϡ
ְɣ㡣
䣺
ˣ
û뵽ôɧǲżΣԼѾˣһô
ңΪʲôã
Ϊ㳤úҵĳ
ˣû뵽Ѿȫƫ˹ԼģȻܹΥĵ˵İ¹Ļİ¹ȷԼŰ
һ䵹ûǰ˵ĳŮѰ¹⡣˵ĵط˶ȻƺǺŮͬġŹ֣
һϲ˵ĻԼǰô˵ԼǰΣҪȻѾѡΣִǰΡ
һú棬ΪҪͨ͸¶ϢҳλǰŮѰ¹⣬ʱȫͱ¹֪ءһȤ顣
ԼҪһ²ˣǸ˰


33 
ɹİ¹⣬֮˳仳ԼǲǶŮ˸
¹ʵҲʲôŮˣ񾭲Ҳܹϲֿ֮ȥҲʼԼ飬ԼϲˡȻٴμ棬¹˱ˣƺúܺõģַˡ
ȫڰ¹뿪ʱԼҲǹ˱Ů˵ģȻǴš俴һܲסԼ°ѣĲǽڡҲϲ¹⣬ԶԼ
ȻͿʼ˶԰¹ѵĴѹԼŰŰĵĥ磽еǿԹΪʱͰ¹֮ĹϵǳšڣɹŪ˰¹ѣҲĥľƣʱΪԼ˹ˡ
Ȼ¹ֳˣԾ˺ٵڡȻⶼϱӵˡⱲӣһжŸոտʼеһжü
ͨͰ¹죬ŷְ¹ʼն֪һĴڡľֳ֮˼ķ߿Լһ˿ң쵰˵మңΪü꣬һ޲þҪ˹һأǺǣ
䣺
¹⻭Щ԰
ΪС˵һֱ˵ǰ¹ŴԸ뵱ȻΪ¹ӦǺβ͵ŮֳӦûڡ
㲻֪ǸжෳԼмǮҵСżϴˣŻʺҵˣԽԽǸԲУϲԼҲԲУǾҵһκʷ
¹ȫе𺳣ںĲۣԲлСÿγ˶ҪȥġȻһγ˵Ҫ֣ҹǵȥƨˡҿԼеĹѧ¼ȡ֪ͨ飬ûκԥˡ
¹ˣͲһֵĻǲٺˣⱲӶˣ
ҴѧҵͻҼ˶ѣ˭ֱ֪ˡǵ˰˱ӵùȻҲһڵһ֮Ҳ֪ʲôģ˭Ҫϰ̫ˣ̫˽ã
лл㰡ãṩϢ̫ˣ˦Ľˣ¹ⳤһǰȥһ
ˣԼҲעһ㣬ǧˣġ
¹˻ǲģԼͬʱһѡ
¹ΪǮҪŷ֣ԼҪһˡ
Ͱ¹Ѻý̸֮Ҳ˺ܶࡣιʱ򣬾ͽӵ˰¹ĵ绰
¹ܴվԱ߶¹һȻƺͦ˵ġܰ¹˵ʲôǼᶨΪǰ¹ڳԴסԴ˾֤ںģһоͶпܡ
˵ֱ䣬ƨƨߵˡ
䣺
üͰ
Ϊһ㶼ûϵģ¹˵ģǾһϣƽϣԵԼ̺ܵƵġ
ЩԼ˶ǲ֪ġУǮ˶Խ׷󣬻ɸһӣǶģ
ôǲںģҪô롣
Ǹôˣ䣬˾ͲҪӲˣҪǱɣ
ڵԸҲ֮ǰôųˣȻԼܽô֪ҪҾˣ
ûµĽ㣬ÿκúҪǸ㻹ðҲϰأ
Լһ˲ľ͹ˣεǺúѧϰһôѧ
ѧ֮һ·ѧؼҡ
ѧУ˶ϰøӤƵˡ벻ͨлεôܹܵǸõġ
ڷѧ·ϣ˷żһؼҵĳԿ硣
ЩסżһģһװĽֲˡ
Կȴûκεͣ٣ֱߵǰȡûж۾һ䣺ˣ㲻ʺϴ۾
䣺ҿǷ顣
䣿ԿǣҲͷˣֻλã䣬ܾе㡭졣
ˣûӦøкġ
ԿȴһӰƵģ˵ҪҺú̸̸ģˣţ
䣺Һˣⲻ˵
ĬȴһżˣԿҪſ䣡


34 
һż, ҲŹҪ³Կ, ȴԿ㿪ˡؿ磺Ů֮, ʲô£
ԿΣ˭ڱ˽أ, ǾûҪˣô˵һҲС
ʲôŮѣ绹ûӦ, ξܲˡԼɰ, ôܱԿ˸
䣬˵𣿡
šİɣʵҲεķ仡ģǳԿŮѵѧУ˲ҪȻҲôһ߰ռУԣһֹǮˣ̲谡
֪кܶڵ̤Ȼȫĳ, ֻϧǵȲˣ
ԿҲˣë߹ϵ
ǸȥԿܲ˵Ůѣ
Ŷ, ġ, СϸԿִ
ǲǷ, ôһ𣿡λЩܲˣôԿһأԿһͲǣһԺ۸ô죿
, ʺ㡣Ҳ޳ͳԿһ, Ȼж仹Թ, ϾԼųųŮҲϣܵί
ϲʣԼ֪ҪǹܣԿؿڣĸ鱾ͲǺȣʱûһֱѵģò׹չһȫǳȵġҪŮѣôôѣ
С㣬ҽ㡣ѳԿͿ˳ԿһСϱģ
ʲôŮѣϵôԼƭҵ£һûأȻԼˣǾͺú̸̸ɣ
κȻȥԼҪԿ̸̸
ǾóԿɵһҲãȻôΪģҳԿĲѧУ΢һ㣬ԿԼҪ˵һ𣬸ĸͻһվԡ
ˣԿ˵̸᲻ҪԼһҲǲУ尡Ϊһǿˣã̫ˡ
ôһֱ˵Կǵ俪ڵģ˼׽
ǵ˰䶼˿ûпڵ˼
ϲң
šֱóԿһ£ϲ飬ǿ϶ġ
ϲʲô
֪
ԸôҲϲǲĳЩİã
Կ
㻹֪Ըô˵ԼҲˣΪʲôҲŹ
ǲǲϲ㣿
Ȼ䶼ôֱˣԿԼҲûҪҴš
ǲܣֻǡҿԶҲϲ㣬Ҳν𣿡
ϲǺףһ˶ҲֻҪһ˲ѣעһݵòӦĸأܡȥ
㡭Ѿϲ𣿡ԿЩԼֵģĺͱһˣͲܵСˡ
Ҳ֪ҿһֱѰҰɡҲ֪ѰҵǸ˭
ԼǰǿʯͷǿʯͷҲǸӦһ㿪ʼ̡ܾԼһЩҪ飬ļģҲ֪Լʲô
ûҵԸһ𣿡
һ𣬵Ҳһϲ㣬ҲⱲӶᡣ䲻ƭԿԳԿҲǲУϲӦûûаɡ
ǺãֻҪһϣҾԸһֱȥ
ҲԸ⣿
Կļ֣ЩһԸġϾˣܻԼ
㵽ϲʲô
֪˵ҲҾͲϲˡĵƺиһֱ֡
Կ˵ˣãǾһɣ
ԸԵģҲֻĸлְлһ˵飬ֱӴȥ˳ңҲ˹ȥܳʱûһˣ۵һ
˵лǣ
ӣԼ죬ԼϴѧûϵŮҪ߿ȻȻ
лְ˵ˣԼɵСŮȻᱻԿֻСӸˣ磬ô
ְҲһ£ĶӣǴСͿлҵŮôڡϸ룬СżٻĴԽԽ࣬òĿ˼ҹŮ˰ɣ
СӣΡ
Σ䡣Կ˳ְֵĴⱻ飬ֻ䡣
䣿ְ־ˣûǴĻʱӻ˵ֽĻһӻϲҲֻɵӲŻϲһڡ
ʲôʱɵİְ治֪
ʵְҲԼӲͽ˵ĸͦõģϾҶھӣͽȥھӣһŮ֮˾Ǿͺܲ˵ˡ
ڣְҲ֪ӵʲô̼


35 
ˣӵѾӵ, ԼɵôҪͽȥĽǣְֶ˿ԼӵԴ, ǲǻʲôֵĶˡ
⻰ʲô˼, ˵䲻ã
ȻлְǲСŮͳԿֻСһģųְֵĻ, ôеԼŮ˼
ǿɲУһֱԼĸαʹǷҲԼֹһŮҲ۰, , ʼջ۰һ
л𼱣ҲǸ˼ְҲʶԼղŵ̫ܲԡ
˵ˣ˵壬Ҿϲ䣬һúչÿ춼ÿĵġ
ԿԼϰֿԽ˵Խ, ɴԼ˵ˡ϶飬ΪԼġ
úչôչˣʲôչˣӣлְֿԿ, ʵ, ôܸŮҸӡ
Ϊ, һúŬģʱ䣬ʱ尢̾ÿ԰佻, ǾһǸʱǻĻ, ޻˵
ԿʵҲ֪Լ, ʲôʱ䣬ʱҲѧҵˣһõġ
⡭ȻǺųԿԿ˵ĻȷʵóְЩݵġֻǡԼСŮͲãԿܹԸһֱչ彡ɼĴŮһЩСŮ
֣˵֮飬ڲżʲô𸴡
俪ڣʵֻǲͷ˶һͳԿʵҲʲô£ҲҪԿ֮ԼԸͳԿһǾһ𡣲Ը˾ͷְɡ
Ҹĸ㶵ģܾ黹ûǱһӶˣ͸˴ʱ䡣
ȥ·ϣлְл迴ŮĿⶼЩİʲôʱ䶼ôˣ
İҲһţ⵽ô£֮ǰ˵һôֱɳԿ
İҲúͷۣʵǸϲΣ֮ǰһʱ򣬻Ϊ˻нɺܿģӾͷˣΪҳߣܵѧУȥ
Ǹʱְ趼ͷۼˣǾöӱϲһ£û뵽ʲôʲôӺܿ˵һˡ
Ȼֵǻûã˵ˣھȻǳСӺһӵ˼Ҫһֱһӡ⡭
ְ趼ԼǿĸĸˣǱŪеͷƤ顣ԼѾϺôѧˣлѾͷǸ߿Ҫʱ򰡣лҲʵĴ󣬾ô۲ܵ
ͳԿ飬˵ǿӲ̬Ҳôˡ
֪ģܹ֮ô˳ΪԼԼ˵ʲôʱͲˣлְл趼˳´̼εĻ
ԭеıҡҡͷüŬ
֮ӵ¹ĵ绰
С䣬Ǹ׳ĳѲҸоԼҪˡ¹һڣ
emmmm
Ҹһܣ֪᲻ȥ㣬ĺ۰ھֱܹȥˣǸϡ
¹·ˣȽĵľ·֮ǰ֪ͨ䣬֮һֱ䱣ϵ
¹ѧԣŶ׼ȷ˵Ӧѧ񡣲ˣ˵Ҳر㣬ֻϽѧڰ¹İ£ĳɼֱġ
ǱߣҲȷʵҹ䡣ϾϱӵΣйŭߣû䵽ʲôô֮һʱ䣬׷ѰŰ¹ĽŲûʱ鷳һκĵӡ
ʱ䣬ѧУͬѧ˷˷츲صı仯
Ȼȥûʲô𣬿ѾǰǸˡʹɲ̫ãȴҲǰҪ120Ըˬ쵽硣
ȻΪѧҪĸı仹ĳɼԭȫУڼʹڼӰ࣬Ҳܿǰʮ
Ҳǰ飬ϲˢڸУڵ䣬ǻᰲһԿͷϰ⡣ѧϰʱǿ΢Ц
ڵúܺã·У԰ģֻһ£ˣǾǴˡ
ǼΪںĽģκ˶˺Σ۸һҲԡһܻŮһǰˡ᲻壬ֱӱ
֮Ҳû˸۸ˣڳ£һ䲻ö˵ģϾ˭Ҳ뿴
ʱ䣬䷢˱仯ԿҲ˱仯ƺǰǸ˭ܳãԶܾůˣԿԿı仯ģУԿʼѧϰʱ򣬴Ҳŷж¡


36 
֣൱ı, Ȼ׼̲, ǻʲôӣ
岻, ܳԳԺȺЩʳƷʲôҸ
ԿСȥ, Ҫ̫ˡʹѾôˣǰû취Ӳ, ˭ݽȥ˭ͱȽϱ΢ɡ
Ҽҳҳըˣ㻹׼ټ
䱾ʵʳ, γʳԶˣȻҲͦóԵ, е񫡣ԳԺȺҲܴ120ĳ̶ȡι󣬳ԿԼಡҪųˡ
⡭ⲻܹң
ԿѧϰʵѾǿˣӰǰǸŵʼΪΪһɷŬšѧϰˣһѧϰһߴҵڹ˾һЩɫˡˣЩ棬Ŭõ, ˵顣
ô, ԿҲ, ֻԼ, Ȼ͡˼¹ʡ
Կ˵Щʲô, ͼһ绰˼ʱģ浾ޱȣȻԿϲľǸѵ䣬浾ı󣬵˫Ҳ̫˰ɣ
Ǹ¹⣿ԿĿģʱ䣬ҪεĴףҪǸ¹Ĵף硭ŷ֣ʵвСһ
оԼ򷭵Ĵ̳ӡ
ţ˵մӹԼҳȥһԸ˵ͱڻЬˣ¹Լǿ϶Ҫȥġ
ҲҪȥ׽û취¹̫ΣˡʱԿ뽫ܳȥҲѣҪֳܷ
ȥŮӵ飬ͲΣһ㶼Կȥ
ҲŮӣ
𣿡
Կ
仹ǰѳԿˣʵǶԸ飬ҪǸ̳Ҫ֪ˣֲ֪ôˣ
¹λƺǰƯˣȻ˵ģԶУˬȲʹˣõĻͺͷˣǻܲƯ
ֱϣһֱ㡭ҧ̲ܺ裬Զ˳ԿȻȶûڶ߷ˡô
һҵȻеģ̸һѣ񾭲ŶҶҾҪûбˡ
¹ЦЦͺã֮ǰˣڻòҪ̸̫飬ͿоʺþۺɢΪǵΪסˣڿ˵氮low
㲻ǿҪ߿һ¸ټѵһ£֤㿼СһѧУ
ǿллˡЦЦ¹Ըĺܶθڡ
˭˭Ҫסϴѧúѧϰȡ˾ԵŮܲãȻ󡭡ٺ١
ͬ¹ĿŮƨ
İ£ԿԼ˴׸ÿͿͰ¹˻һƫƫûκɷֿˣΪѧϰԿ˵ԼҲԽ̣Ȼпʵǡ̵û˼Ұ¹áлְл趼׼ȥͰ¹ˡ
Կ
Ҳѣ
ֱϳǿ·ʱҲ̲סԳԿ˳ǰǺ³ԿģϾԶĻСӣǸУԣףԴӳ÷֮ξͲˡѹǣʲôµģ
лΣ𣿡
Խص㣬ǼҲġ
Կ
Ҵˣԭ£Կô죿˭صĽأ˾¡
԰ĳԿԴԿɷӣ뻹ˣȻøɰأ÷ʲôġ
㲻Ҫѧϰ𣿡ԼŮҹλʱлΣԿ൱ˬ
ҶѧòˣڶҪ߿ˣȻǷһ°ʵԼҪѧУǺŵġ
䡭ԿںҲܷһҡ
ǲһѾʮˣڲŬһ£ûˡʵҲãΪ˿ԺͬһѧǶֵõġ
ˮȵʱ˵ĶԻʱ͇ˡˣڹϵȻôгˡȻѾԽԽѽ
ԼѾɴˣӦáҪ˰ɣΨһҪģ޷Ҳ޷вǡ
ںͰ¹ѺദʵѶǽ˺ܶġ
С䣬͵ϰϢ
Ȼ¹Ҳͦݵģϰⲻ꣬ǲϢġ
ã
ԿŤͷһԼԲԶʱһ죬ⶼźɫҲ֪䵽˶٣ǡ߳ܰ
롣ֻ˵֣ѵõᣬȴóԿ˺ܾáҲʵԼҲеλأ


37 
ԭΪƽһֱ߿֮, ߸ʱ, û뵽, ߿죬֪ʲô˹
ǲ⣿ǲǣ㵽׸˵ʲôΪʲôһֱҲԸңΪʲô
ץҡ, ˡҡðϲҡԼȥҡûȤһҡڡ
Ҳ˵ʲô֣˵, ֺƿ
һ֪һ㣡ŮģҸϲ㣬ֻǰ㵱һѣΪԼ˭, Ϊʲô㻹Ҫݣ
䣺ȫ֪ϵԲʲôݣ
ԼļָͷҲùǼΰɣԵ׷ô裿
ϲģֻϲĶੲ, 䡭ֻһӡ
Ҳ¹Էˣ
ҪҪ, , Ķ, ָ֪ܼܲ߿ˡľһ񾭲, ˼Ҹ߿ҲҪ裬ȫں᲻Ӱ쵽ˡ
ôʱ, 顱һȻͼߴԼǰվŵģһʧΡ
, еשͷҲһӵ˵, ıܻ, ɻǽץ֣ܽŵʵ䣬û°ɣ
¶һЦݣܺãڵΪ·ʽϲɾ䡣Ȼвǻе㵨СѾܰˣϾһԲһӡ
û£лл㡣ѾñˣӦҲѧ˱Լˡ
ô
ôʵʱ򣬾ͼóֻޱزͨ120ʵǾøӦð͵ԺڻûʵͽȥҲַܷӳ
ûĴţлõĸ߿ʮ˳ĳɼлְл˵ö˯žܿT˶⣬Ҳȥˣ͸漣ˡ
лְлȫ¹һٷ¹ںôŪ
Ȼ̻ûԿʲô£ԿǺܿĵģΪڿѧУΪУѣǼദĻ͸ˡ
ͳԿĹϵش꣬Կ綼ҵˣǿĹ˾ѾһЩСɼԼҵҲչĲξͱȽţˣרоѧÿѧУ֪öٽзչרҵơ
ԿǱҵ¹Ҳӹˣ¹ǴһģȻһ˲ţͰ¹һʮְ䣬ٱ񾭲öˡͳԿһһ
˵ܹϣ⻹䡣һֱ׷࣬׷Ůĺһ֣ȻԭˣһΪ˺ýá
Ůһ̸ԼѣеȻǵѶˡ
ľԴ治ˡǸůУ˭ã֪ǰΪ¿޹ٴΡŮѣҴԼʲôĵطŮͶһҡ
ȻѾ˺ܶ࣬Ѿһˡ£໹Ǿúί
Ůܻá䲹һ䣬Ůѣȴ䡣
ҼλɣʵҲȱģʶƷ֮ʵҾһǿġ¹˵Աȣ¹ڵĺܲˡ
ɵɶҾòˡƲƲ죬˵һ䡣
ɵˣҪܲҪ廰˸ˡ˵ɵţĸŮԿȥ׼һ˳ĸŮ˵ŭ
ɵӣ
˵ҵŮѣǵҰ¹пһ䡣
ǿΡ˵ʵڸ涼չͦõģΨһһǡ߸£Ȼֻһǵ͡
˵õҪҸģӡ
ΣҪʲôѣ
ѣο䣬Ķɻ󣺡ҪʲôҺæġ
㲻롭
룡ͦõѽҪоĿܶ࣬û˼̸̸ѲҲãûоϡ㿴㣬Ϊԭû̫ʱԿ˴һҲٶڶֻ˹ˡ
䣺
Ȼܹô仹ͦĵģҲΪŮӵҸǷҪһ˻һҪ˸ġǡ㲻ҪѣòгԿԭɣˡҲǶôɵİɣ
ľˣ
šĿǰǲ̸ģԺ˵ɣ
εĻӾҪˣξúҸ״ҲԼŮѺͺһˣǲǡ
Լ˵ʱȴ⣬Ҳԭлᷢ顣
¹ⲡˡ


38 
ȻҪŪ, ȴܲܰ¹⡣
С˵, ¹Ĳεٲκõ, ڲθ۵ģǡ¹ô죿
Ȼ, ϲ¹⣬ôˡ
Ͱ¹һ飬Ȼ¹Ѿʼڹܹƥ, ʵҪ٣ֻԭ񾭲һҪεġȻ, Լʹֱת
ʲô㰮ɱ֮Ҳֱǹƨ˶, Ҫ˼ҷǰ˵ʲôҰ, Һ, ֱӦ˵У
氮һֱЩĵµĽ, 氮ʲô
ƥȻ̫, ԰¹ѵŻоȵ, ֻһʱ⡣
Ȼ֮Իž, Ҫ鷢ʱ, ֡
ҽԺֻа¹һ˵ʱ, ıִʹΪʲôôɵҶ˵ˣǸ˶㲻ĵģֻҶĵģôһʱ˶Բԣ
¹⿴š£ѾˣΪʲô컹ҪộϳԼǰ
¹ҪҪԼıڽϸӳȥͿڸơ
¹⣺̫ˡ
˻ҪӦʲôģѣ
¹뷨Ժһֱ˵
ڲ⣬俴ųԿ˵ɣղΪʲôסҲҽȥ
Ҹ㿴
Կֻ䲥һƵ俴Ƶгֵκ֮󣬱һӱôҵȥ
һֱװεȥģҲһֱ䵱ΣʼĽӴǺӦûʲôӴ˲Ŷԣԡ
Ƶһ񾭲һξȥץסεļҪҡΣŮˣ㵽ʲôĿģѾĻӽң˫̥üٰӽҡΪҼס㣿Ůôô񶾣
һ£˵ʵǲ˭ˣԺڶЩʵݣҲûжľȥЩ޹ؽҪ顣˵˫̥ãҪ񾭲ˡ
˭
ĲʶˣȴΪװˣôܻǣ
ǰˣСֶˣûõģÿ첻֪жŮǰˣֶΣҰֻһ
Ҳ֪˵⣬ͨѣ뵽ãӸͨˣð׹ϲǰ¹⣬¹ˣ˷ˡ
ĿɿڴǣˣȻһھ١
ʵǲ֪˵ʲôˣȲ˵ţЩ׳ȥΣԼ󣬾㲻ΣգҲû취סڽһʮҪо⣬ΪˡҪҲʵɹˣͿ˵뱣彡
¹εѣҲֲһҪİ
㻹ţٶû뿪壬ʻģ
Ļش𣬼ֱεۣеµؿڣΪʲôԼأ
̫Цˣѵ˵Ͳ
Ƶûˣ俴Щģλ¡޳̶ܳȣȻûʧ
أôˣû£
Կһ䣬ȻϲŭɫŮѣһ飬ͲˡʲôʱܶԼҲôں
Կ̾һоԼһʾᣡ
İɣΪҰ£ǸϣвΡѾĿоˣر֮£Ͻȥġ
Ǿͺá
εѡǺȷģйұţȷʵõˡҲѹôżòҵһ˺Ͱ¹ƥģ˲ˣŹ֡
ֻڱϵ
䣬һð취
ţ
ųԿһЦģԭǸУԣɶˣǺԼһ֮󣬲΢ģȫǱԱ¶ˡ
ϲֲǾҵһʵѽ
˼ǡųԿı飬ҲһӾ˳Կ뷨Ȼ񾭲ôżȻһǻ˵ٲʻģǾ͡һʻƥĻٰɡ
а취ļƥ𣿡
У
ܺãǡǾȥ͸һϲɣ
΢΢һЦ֮֮ȷʵˬ
ôңΪʲôԸ֪¹˵⻰ʱжģոո˵ȸϵһ£Ȼ֪Ϊʲô¹⻹ѡ䡣
ȻΪ㣬һжֵõģ
˵úã˶ݵΰ鰡ƽġ
лΣô⣿ԣл䣡


39 
˲, ǲ, ֻ䱾в, ٶ˥ߵģԼ֪ܻ, Ȱ¹ȻǲʵģҪǽ١
ѽϳˣȻô鲻, ΪʲôԼأİŮˣ٣ǾǺ϶Ϊһ, Ǹĸʱʱ̿ܵİ
ڸϴԣ಻ţǲܵ, ˵ſľͺˡ
಻Ű¹ⲻ֪, Ǳĵˡ, һµ˵ĸܺòã˭Ҫ˵ٰ, ԼҲء
ҵٲƥ䣿һ, 漴ڣûԼٻƥ⡣ôܻõ٣
ô֪أûвûвͶԲƥ, İҲ̫˰ɣ
ĳϳĿǣǳԽܡǰ¹ģĸ, ˭ɡǼһ, ʲô˵ģ
, ھȥ飡˵꾹Ȼȥˡ
¹⣺ûӵ
ȷôû⣿
ʲô¹ҲµˣֻǡȻڿҪǸϣ¹⻹ǲΪΪԼ١
νİڲӰ쵽Լ¡
νֻҲһĵʹᣬԼ˵°žٵʹࡣҪҪһ̡
ǵĴȻǺܳɹġ
֪Լ¹ƥʱľȻϲǱ
ﰮܼ򵥣ñ˾Ҳܼ򵥣䵽Լϡôôأ
ÿ춼ȥ¹⣬Ű¹һȥӶʼɢɫʱĶҡˡ
ǿ϶ģҪԼע
ҲԸģֻÿ춼ĵļ尾
ʱѵģѵǵṆ̀尾˺ܶ죬ӵ˰¹ѵĵ绰ǱѾҵƥˣҪܻҪ졣ãʱͱһˡ
Ѿôˣ㲻Ҫǽûг
˰¹ѵʱ˵ģ뿴ĲҪ̶ȣܲܵŰ¹˵ƥ䣬Ըȡ
ˣƥġ
ںܼѵ˵˿ڣû˵ѣҲûϵɫѾĵʵ뷨
ˣûϵģ㲻ԸĻˣûôҪġ¹һˣ֪Ը⣬ΪͿ񾭲ʲôӦ
¹ôһ˵͸ӾʹˣȻûп¹ôŮˡ
ңҼ죬Ұѹ˾鴦֮ģһģ
Ͱ¹һؿһ׳ıԶˡ
áԸԼ𣿡ЩЦؿŰ¹⡣
˭ںͲҪʲôԼøʲôһ
ҪҪһ㣬ˣ¹
¹ûҪ٣ڵѻȻ¹ûеȵѻҲûеȵΪһܿµ顭ĩˡ
䣺
ⲻһµУ԰Ϊʲôĩ俴ԼеġŮϴ¼ͻȻˡ
룬ջûô
ҿԼǸȽϵˣڹƾҪ̬ըˡ
Ѿ˲ٵɥʬ¹ڵ״̬ǳãԴĩ٣ͻ˹ȥû
¹һֱǸջԵ״̬俴ӣҲͲµˣһƲܾѾǳױɥʬˡ
ǿ߰ɣҽԺȥˣҽԺһȽĵطɥʬ̫࣬ȵЩȥ˶ɥʬǾҲ߲ˡ
Կĳŵ䲻벻һ뿪ĿԺܸߣȴԸͰ¹⡣ܲĩҪȥ͸ˣ¹ڵһŶʱը.
ǳԿԸԸԼҲԸ䡣
߰ɣҲڵǲǵġһ¹Ҳŵ˳ϡ
ЩΣȥ𣿡
ȥǾȥɣǱұŵģҾʱӦòʲôΣգһ·߹ȥܻܶΣա
ǡأ
ʳ⣬ԿɫһӱúѿҲ֪뵽ʲô
뷨ʵܼ򵥣ҪػĿںƽҸö֮󲻹ܾͿˣĩҪ֤ȥɣ
䡭˶ġǡԹһûҹ·ϣҲΣأ
ԿĻĬˣ𱸵ĿǣֻǺܵͺϸΪɾĳԿ¶ĴȻһ˿ۡ


40 
Ҳù㡭
⻰һԿȻ˼֡
, ҿԱ㡣ֲһ䡣
㡭𣿡
ʲôʱƭˣ
Ȼ֪岻, ܹ˵ĻڳԿ˵, ѾΪܿɹˡԿҪ󲻸, Ҳˡ
Ϊ紴ҵĵطڵĹоҪȥҵ硣ڵʱ, һɥʬ
ѾȫɥʬΧסˣֻˡ
ԿԽԽɥʬ, ٲ, ǶҪûɥʬˡ
á˵ž׼¹⣬ʱҲûҪ¹⣬ң¹ôʱ˶ûбɥʬ, ܻܿ, ܷ
ɡԿһѽ¹˹ȥ, 屾, ôܿࡣ
ҲûʱִǺ޴Ϊ
ͳԿٶȳ롣
ȻͳԿߣǻܵ, ֻǼɥʬ, ʵǶԸҲ̫, ɥʬһ࣬ٻܶûˡ
Сһ㣡ԿʵǺܲģҪСԼϵİ¹⣬ҪǴ塣
û£ԼҲСһ㡣
ȻһɵģʵȷʵɣؿǿҪըһ㣬һ¶Կһˡ
㡭ۿһɥʬҪҧĲˣԿֱӰԼȥΪ䵲һڡ
𣿡
俴ɥʬܿ࣬
ԿЦЦԿ֪ǣղļֻɥʬ䴦ģǸʱѾҧˡ
䲻߳ԿЩ֪˻ģû뵽
ˣҪˡΨһҵǣκ綼ţ˰ɣ
˻֮Уٴʱ򣬿¹ߡ
ˣ
㡭ˣŰ¹ģ̫ɥʬǾǾѵˣ
ԣңҹҲҪˡ
һɻӣ¹ٴν͵ҾѳɹʱÿͳԿҪˣѣǶҪɥʬʬˡͨҲֱ´ɥʬȺ
¹ƲƲ죬ߣҲûôİ
˵ҿˣ
ԣڵ״ҵӦҲҪˡ
ǳԿأ
Կ¹̾һɫҲ³δ˵ĻԿǲˡɥʬҧ޷ѵĻǳԿҲɥʬ
ȥԿʱѾһڰСǰ¹ܹȥ
俴ųԿһƬ֮ɫȥǿҪˣЩλѾڸˡ
Ҫ
ԿҪס۾İŮԼ˿Ǳģɿ˿Լһ֣˻ȥǰûţ֪䲢ԭٳûȥڡʲôʸ䣿
ɵӣڵʲô
Ƿ˳ԿˣƽʱڱǰҫģôСϱƵġ
Ҵȥ䲻뿴ԿһСĿռ
ûõġӣǲҳȥġ
ȻԼţԿҵǣصĲ䡣ãȻԼҪɥʬˣѳɹĻӦþܺúõĩȥ˰ɡֻǡԼҲˡ
һҪȥأ
һɢǾ˵ģ¹ȴڵһʱ˹һס䣬ߵ˵֪óԿίˣ涼ɥʬһ˱ܾˣһѳԿȳȥ
Ҫضã
ȻƽʱԿɵӣֲɵûоֵطôܵˣ
ҪضãҪˣһ˹˲ʱ˶¹Ǹ侲Ůʱȸơ
£Ҳ֪¹˵öǶԵģֱĸоĺܡ˵ǣڶܾˣһǿռϵܡ
¹ϵܣǹǿܣ˸ɴ඼øСӶ˵ʲôˣֱ͵˳Կ뿪顣
һ·ϣԿԭԽԽǿпռϵ˻ϵܣһ˾ͿԶԸһȺɥʬȫͲҪ˵İæԿһֱţоԼһ㡣
ԿЦԽԽ٣ȻЦҲˡ
Ҳ飬Ҳ֮󣬳Կֻøƣˡ˭ã˭ܣֻһۡ
ܶʱ򣬳ԿֱӸ˵ɱҰɡҲܹϣҸˡ᲻ãԼҲˣԼڵĻ޸ˣͱһʼɵ÷裬Ŀġ
ڳԿָӵ£ǵڵĻء
һ͸һӵûСһɿŻص˶ιģ֪ҲǸ۸СŮˡ
֪˳ԿڵεıЩˣһ²ſڵԿҲûϣ
˼ǣ
ץһʬҧҲκαˣǺܺõƷʵҪʱ䡣
˵⻰ʱһȵؿšǰΣһֻ϶ģڣȻޱ˵ûʵ顣
Σˡ
ĩ˱˲Ǻѵûɱɥʬ
ڶķˣΪƽ
εĻҲȫ޷ǻǺģֻû뵽εı仯ô
˵ˣȻʵе̣ʱ֣Ϊȥǹġ
εıĮŷ֣ʵεȣֻǶһ˶ңˣֻܿлʿ
ȥιεʵҵʱ򣬲ŷǸƷˣȻ
¹һ˸̾ҮȻǸϣͻȻ泩ô£
Ҳùҵľǳȷ̾
ǸӵĸпϱӣǸжڷεģһӣȫȥˣΪ̨ϵƷǸõıӦˡ


41 
俴ڵ, ܺ, ȻĩҲͦõġθҵͼֵ, ΪҪĿоĲʿǹҵص㱣, оɹˣĹˡ
ʱλ綼ҪˣΨһһҪԼĵˡ
Կ
ȥʱ, ֳԿȻڿԼ֡ſ, ѾȫܿˣһСŮܶҪſˡûɶо, ⻹ööˣҲûʲô˲ġ
䣬ԿϽɿ, Ȼתȥ, 䡣
Կ, ԼʶѾԽԽ, ܶʱǵԼ˭ˡǵ, ǵãԼŮӡ
Կһ㶼ֿ, Լ, , µǡԼȫʧȥʶ˺ô죿
䡭Կ, ɳƵúܣʯӴĥһ㣬ǳ
ԿѾɥʬˣܿ˵ƾľǶһǻ
ĻҳȥɱһЩ
ʵ֪ԿȫɥʬѾûˣںһɥʬҲûصݲ³ԿųԿ뿪ͺˡ
׼ԿһЩʳȴԿͻȻץס󣺡𡭡ȥˡ
Լ벻ԼӣҲǰĳԿһļˣڡԸ
ɱɱˡҡ
Կ֪Լ˵⻰ζʲôĲȥˡԼʹ࣬䣬Ҳһۡ
ٳһ£οҪƳҩˡȥģѾôˣǲԸġ
ҡšŲȥˡɱ
ԿҲɥʬ˺䣬ҲԲˡ
ˡ
š
ԿҪ֮£һѻ𽫳ԿˣĹǻװһСƿʱǰǿʯͷһηҫ۵Ĺâȵǹ֮俴ʯͷϳ֣ԼԼԿǡδ
δ
֣ƺϤƺİ
вڣʯͷԼŵģǲǡҪˡ
ԿˣҲûһ˼ǳԿҲҲκ˼ֻǵϰôһ˵Ĵڡ
ԿȻˣûȫɣѡ˶ڰĬĬػһӡ˳ػһ硣
ֻǲλǰ¹⣬ûټˡ
γɹƳҩΪ͵ľƳ羴һӶûн飬ĿҵȻûˣܸ㣬ֻǣһɻ뵽ԼãǸǸıһá
ʮǰǲϲõģΪõĴڣֻͯʹࡣʮ֮ϲ˾ãΪý̻һŮˣҪκˣԼҲԱúǿ
Ҳûмˣһ죬úͳԿͬʱʧֻһػۼ
˵ԼͳԿҲ˵Կҧ䣬ʧ˳Կ󷢷ˡ˵ָģûһǺõģţһţĳ䣬ʹһػ
ޱؿӪҺнŵӵһμ棬ͦ˵ģֻ֪ڰΪԼôࡣȻǹҵָò˵εУʵпеģڿ·𶼳һԹ
ãһҪҸΪ㣬ҲҸأ
λ˺ܾãҲΪûֺ̬ܺã綼ġ俴šŮϴ¼Զ֣΢΢һЦҲۡ
ȥ¸ɣ
ػԽһֿɰķɽɫ
䣺
ֿɰķɽɫʲô
УԼĴھǷɣֿɰеѸˡ
ʾÿ֪ԼǷˣȻһۣǾô̼
һޱȾ޴ĴϣⲻµģµǣΧЩ.ô£
ԡǷɻ.ħţ
ģһҲˣ͵ʱԭǸ.һĹˡ
´û½֮أһ׼ܲȵһҪǲȵʲôĵط
ԼҲûô࣬ɲ֪ΪʲôܾǰĻرĺͷθؿ۵
ȥòҲɣ
ܹˣһŷԼģʮֻ񣬾Ǹ֡
ðɣ廹ķϣ̰͡ɡ
ÿԼϵһֻ첲һĳȣʼ˽ľ顣


42 
һ.С˵, Ůӵ, ǵ, ӣҹ, ħֻ̽ҽ, ɱ֣ʿ, ȫŮСŮߣлƣʲôУŮ޿ɾҩİϡ
, ֻһ⣬ҫԽ
ԽΪ͵йŮ˷֮ʵһһ䡣
Ȼ֮ʵΪ, 䵱ӿ, ֻԽһѡһг΢Щͬ
Ǹ󽫾, Ը壬, ˡе˶ġ
ȻⲢһŮ, Ϊ, ɻŮĸоȫΨһһŮֵʹˣǰϲһ
ܺɫ.ֻҪϵУֱ²ٹЩУȻӹŮħͷҲΪĽ
ԵŮŽеŹʱЩгһȫˣһĳģȻ󱳵ŮԸ˵Щνĸɫϵġ
Ů˳ĽеСǹ˺гõ
䣺
ɴڵ壬ǳŮãŮǮװͷ˳һУ
ƾʲô
ʵ˵һУһûȤûȤûȤƾɶҪ͸Ů
ЩӣҲΪǾ޻߶ģĴڣҲªĴڣԲûôҪȻܷһЩȻáڿͭԼģڲǽİˣá
Ҫᵽĵط࣬ϾֻǸǧ˺޵ķɣڵΪ˸ǸͣˣͿˡ
ǶԽʵᵽġҫĴ󽫾ŮҫĻʳŮŮĽԽԽͻʼҵ棬սǹҡԽһֱΪһҲӦսϡ
ԽܾŮŮ쳣ļǺޡԽսʱŮ˵˻ʵ۲ԽԮݣֱԽС
һ߷ž飬һںļ䡣
һˣһͷβŮرóˡ
ԽƽʱЩ˲̫һԸ̫۲䣬ŸɴöԽļǣôһ
ֵܼʹԽҲǸ֣Ǳˡ
ʤ˱ҳ£Ǵ˰ԽҲģŮȻнʿ棬ڳǽϰԽĿӣҪǰ
裬ԽʵܲˣԲĽֱӴӳǽ£ѡ
ǸӢۣҲΪԽһ޷ĥӡǿȹôˣЩֻţ󻹲Ϊ˹˳ߡֻԽ˵˵ȥ
ԽдΪһĴڣκƺûôþȻԽ⣬ԽǰԽǰ¹һĴڣ֪˸ûǴƺõģǴıӽԼʱŭˡ
û˿ƭƭˣǸ뷨
ԽԵףԽװԽĿĵؽӽԼЩŮġ
ʵϣġ
ŮǺԽȻòˣҪ
ŮϾǹܶ飬Խֻѡ̡
䣬žǸ֫ͷԼ򵥵ļһˣŮ˵ʲôţԽôΡȫ˵ˡ
ڵʱߣ䷢Խûٴν㵽֣Ϊ˳ͷƭԼˣڴ罫Խǹ·һʮľ׮ϱɹҲ׼κ˸ˮȡȻԼͰежԼˡ
䣺
ҮҪҪⶼʲô°øϽԽҪȻ˶Ҫɹˮˣػƨ
ò˵Ļ棡ǸŮǸ
ˣ
̫ˣһһС˽кηԸ
估ʱ˱סԼ壬ٶĿ졣
ȥԽ
סԽǧ
뽫ղѾȥˡ
ţ
ֻɻһ£Сŵһ£С˵Ǹˡ
䣺


43 
Ժ׼ˣһֲһ䣺Ҳ׼κδԵĳƺ
ǡӦôƺСС, ȻǺη䡣
ͽ뽫ɣ
ӻСȥ, ȻµĴŮ, ǲϲǰ塣
⴩˼·, ˳ȥ
ģ̫ҡҲ֪Խɹ˶೤ʱˡ
С·ҴҸϵǸԽʮľ׮ǰһϢԽ
˿ԽʹԴ, Ǳţ̱, ûһ˿Ȼʹ˿ʱ޿̲ڽšԽôҵȥȻ, ѾҪޣŲȥˡ
յգ̫±ɹôʱ䣬ʹڲʲô, ҲˮġԽԾ, ˫Ѹ, ǵ΢ĩĿˮ޼, Ƕʪˡ
Խʶģ, , Ҫ
俴żʹƴˣĲ״΢΢̾˿
Խɫļϣ·һɫɴȻɫ⣬ȴġ
ֱӷɵԽߣذ׸ӣס˵壬Ȼ
оһ˿ԾԽ΢΢ۣʱ΢΢һ£漴ɢ޵ĹâҪĻгȻ壬ȲֹԼ˹ȥ
̫±ɹԽһֱ񾭲һȥһۣҲû۵Ļˡ˿̱һɣҲŲסˡ
䱧ԽȥҲʼսüͷ΢΢Цһ£Լɽׯ
ʵԼɽׯģͲҪھӪΪԴ˳ʤԽҽץ˵ūŰ֮󣬾ûʲôٸˡ˵Ǵ󽫾ʵʵҲ࣬ʵ򲻸ҵġ
ǰϲھӪŰˣûãͽԽɽׯɽׯִŲԸھӪʲôȤأ
ôͻȻˣūûüʰأ
ǾʰԺûҪ£Ҷɽׯˡ䵭˵ʮƽǸߣǴսҪȻ˭סӪ
ܼҿﱧһˣΪˣ׼˽ֹȥû뵽ܾˡ
ɽׯסôŵģ
סԺصүǣһ㶼סԷġ
ĸԺĸԶ
ԷŸδķߺӾסġȻܼҾԺӿԶòˣһֻЩɻʲôġ붼¡
ܼҶԼһļƤ񣬼ڣԷԶߵסƶһʱ
ã֪ˣѶԷʰԺԽסȻѾӪЩ˶ӻӵԷȥ
ҪһʱܼͦõġЩӦôãʱûãҲֻҪǰƾͺˡ
ȻԸùܼˣֻвܳŭ˽үŻᡭ
˵
䲢ͣڵǸŮҲҪ͡
ܼҿӣֿ˿仳еˣ²ţǴ裿ҲǲУúúý̽λүˡ
ԷûʰãȽԽԼĴϣ˴Խڵ⣬ǱɹϻǱ޺ۣƺġԽʹ֡
ʵ⻹ֻһʼԺԽֵ飬ԽһֱΥͷԽ书ֽŽֱӽԽ͵˻ȥŪŮԿŪ֡
ÿ˶ݣԽݡˣгʱ򣬶ԽǾֻʣ˺ݺŰ
뽫˺Σϰ˲٣ʵ
ҡҡͷܾλ뽫Ůħͷˡ
˭Σֻ֪
Ψҽԡ
ҽһ£ûǴĻһгһҽɣʲôţ
ǺҪˣϣҲǲס
ⲻҪܼңùܼ˰ҽӹ
Ȼȥ鷿ȻǸݰֵֻ鷿öĲ١
鷿һһ磬ȵ춼˲ʱ䡣
Խʱ򣬷ԼȻĴϣʶİ裬֮ڡ
俴еˣ˶Ҫȥ˯Ҫ˯һŹõĴ󴲣ȴӲ׼˯Ĵࡣ
ԽãʵԼ
˵ﲻ˯ĴΪʲôԼ˯棿
ԽĶⴧΪӴȻ̫һˤ´һ̣һůĻ


44 
Խ, ԼڳӵŮ, ˿ɻôƽؿԼ, 䵽ʲôѵõһ˵ôҪ
ҲԽﱻôŰɴ, ΪǸɵӣһһϲģڿƺġ
ԽУûа, ĶǳޡԡΪʲôԸһֱߣʹŮѾӵһ, ҲԸŮȥ
ѵΪˡ
лһĨȤԽƺ˼
仹˼ͻȻ;üһʹ, һתͷеҧļǶݺݵļƣ·׼ҧһ
ɿڡĮ
Խû, ȴҧѪ, оһѪζ
Ҷ֡
ٴξ, ȴֻõԽһЦɲɿڡ
Żô, ֱж°, °Ѿ, Ͷպϲϡ
ƲԳԷƣ浱ûʹĲɣ
һѽԽӵϣᣬ˵Щֱ
俴ԽӦôԽػԽĻþ͹ˣͬʱиһɰ˵ķɽɫԼʹϴɻǸɡǿɰˡҪô
ΪԼɰԸȱһʼ֪ģԼͦõġ
䲻˵ԽҲ˵°Ѿʵͺϲϣ˿ǵ䣬Խø߳ܣ䣬Ǳŷ
俴ԽȦˣ֪ôˣòҪްɣ
Խ°ͽ˻ȥ䣺ҧˣҲι
ʲôҪԴ󽫾ÿβǶֲ𣿡ԽĻĶǳ
ң
ǡԽĻصһ˿ɡ
ҪôŻҿɰˣ䲻֪ɰ˵ķ˭Եģ뵽ԽԼػ󣬻ֱ
Խ
ŮôʳôҪģ
ҲܻôΪµŮ˶ˣɰҲֲ䡣
ŶӦһԭԽɰвͨģаɣǾͻɣҲǺ⡣
ʱѪ˳ļ£һֱ䵽˵ϡҽһſľǽŵˣмѪ䡣ȻܾԽȻĴϣ˿֪ԼӦùĵŮħͷ
ˣˣ
ż˿·ǼΪۣóвûĹģ˵¸ʡ
俴һһӵģֻ·ֻһӣʲôҲûϻбĺۼ
ҽΪг裬ԼһĵģһθоԼİȨ
û
ġ¡ֻû˵ڣ͸оһʪȣȻѪ
ģ
伸Ҳû룬˹ˡ

Խ
ˣʲô𣿡
һֱѪˣ˿ԹԣǿһʱԼĴ
ɴ˿ɼƽֶж඾Щгǣ֮ǰжôҫﲻ죬ñ΢˳ˡ
Ȼ˳ӶǼıģҲŮһ֣ͼ嵹Ūɡ
ҵ壬ģ
⻰ԽֱЦȫȫĳЦͲҷġֻһֹŮħͷֳԴʲôҩ
ҲԽĳЦһϵҩУȥˣκаˣҪʲôֱӸܼҪ
⻰Ȼ˶ûϵ
һԽЦҫĴ󽫾֮ǰӻͦҵģԭҲˣֶκȻܺŮħͷô
Խǻôģκϵˣʲôҵ淨ɣ
䣺ֻǣҵػͻȻ˶ѡ
ҩ֮뿪ˣЩʱ̲ɫ۹⿴Ǵһʵ˾ں˼֮绹˼ġ
ȻŮ磬䱾˾ŮĶ䰡ټŮŮȻûеǻƵۣƬ½ÿҵĻʵۻǼ̳˻ӣˣ͵ŮƬ½ܻʵ۰
磬Ůˡ
ؼǣŮǷǳɵģڣɣ
ϾŮеװ˶ǴӷõģԼʹ䲻ȥŮ鷳ŮҲһ鷳ǲ硭Ϊǿ
ŮӵƬ½ûԼȻߺŮһĵ·Щ˿סҲȥҪɽԼͿԣ
ɰ˵ķɽɫƺеҵԼĶλˡ


45 
һж, ȻҪ½ɽ, Ҫʼ׼ˡ
ȵһҪ, б
бٽŮô˵ءһ൱ɫֻҪÿĶһ棬ֶ˼˵ıӺͲΣ˵ԱӡŻԸŮ˵Ļ, ҲԽĻ
ھӪУҲŮ, б, Ҷײ, ڴӣսʸûС
ŮҪС, ľȫ, µŮǿò, ҶһУˡһа
˵ҪбʱµĽܼ, ·ǽҪǵһźš
ЩôԼҾһλԼ˵Ŀ
ǣ, , ҲǴϵ, ôǶûܽģ
һΪҪгӣԲôһС

һҪڣһˡһģûˣ
ֻ֪ͨǣʲôʱ˵Ҫǵˣ
䵥֧Դббαϣ˶൱˵ʱ۾ǰŵģ˵Ļ൱ľ
һӰˣͷŶһɣʲôʲôʲôʱҪȡǵˣ
øǽʲôŮƽȵ˼룬ʵϣŮǲƽȵģ硣ԼҾŮ˶ˣЩŮƦȻ̸ʲôˣ˻˱ûԵĽޣΪ桭һǿΪ硣
ǼȻб£ҪҲùܣҲܲˣŮһ
ҿǶ̫иˣ˽Խǲ뱻ѹһͷͺúøҼǿʵʱǰޣ
⻰һ˵꣬ŮƦӼȫɫѹһͷôܣ
ѵͻȥѵһҪСǶÿ޵ôأԼŮľӣ
俴Ŷȼ˶־ǣصͷܺãǶ֮󣬸űȥƱģ
⻰һŮƦӶ˫ۣԵ൱˷ܡ
׼ĸң
ھȻ˸Ӧս𣿡
˭ˣ
΢Цĸң
ǵĿǡȫ
ڲŲ˵ŮƦȫ÷裬Ǻܶ˺˵ĳֵ൱ߣܹˣ˵飬Ƕȥ¡ͲУڵ֮䣬˸ôȥˡ
һ´õ˸ЧִСò˵ŮƦӵִǳ⡣
ԼĴϣˮС裬һϲ飬ǾԼɽׯķǳǳǮ˵ɵйҲΪ
䷭һ¼䣬ŸˣˡУƱҲǿġ
䣺
һⷴɾǸǿɣ
ֻ俴ϵģûʲô䲻ġ
бϢƬ½ĻʵҲ಻סˣɽׯȻһֱʵһҲûĸҸð۾Ҳһֱһֻ۱һֻ۵ģڡ
бʵĲ֪䵽ʲôˣҪԼʵ
ʵҲûô̫ݣ췴ˡĻʵʱ붯
ʵ߽䲻û˶ؿϣһ鷭ţͷû̧һ¡
󽫾
ʵ۵ö鼮޷԰Ρ
ʵǶ£ֺһ
̧ͷһʵۡͦģҲͶʮģҳûͦõġ
侹ȻûʵҲͼʵ۵ֽ⿪Լۣ桭ʲôû
䣺
ǳһ
󽫾ޡ
Աʵ۵°ͣζ
ǣʵƺҲú裬һı顣
䣺
ƾʲôãôֵǮǹһĨЦݣʲô˻ʵôţ
㡭㵱˵
ûȤˡ
һĮܲϲЩ彻ס
ϻʵߣܼЩżظ˹Ю뽫Ҫ뿪
䣺
ԽǸһ򲻹˼һ򣿡
ǣ鷳뽫ɢɢҩЧڼ䣬ѰŮӶ
һ룬ô¡Խҧһûܣ͸ɢɢ
ǻʲôϽȥ˰
ػһ㶼ʡģ


46 
Źܼ, ʵۼϵ۴, ʱıҲû, ϵһĨζ
ƺʱ򰡣òԴ󽫾ĺլžʵľءԼǿ﷦ζĺ󹬣ƺ˼ˡ
ʵ۽ɿϣϵţļ¶, û취ģƽ۶˰Ŵ, Լá
ʵ۸ܳȥʱ, ֻÿ.硭, Խɽׯһ㶼ĻʹС
ԼԽͦõġ
Ȼ, ֻΪ
ҪԽ˵ĸ, Խ϶Ǻһ, ҪҪݻһ£书ԣ
ҪǱɢɢһ书òҲôıһЮš
뽫, αѵͲŮħͷ˵뽫ŮħͷһССݸжˣȲˣ
뷨ϡ
ȻǱЮ, ԽһĮ, ǰ, ʲôҵһӣȴ
ǲ֪һˣôͻȻϲֵ
ҲðյģһǿҵΣСԴӻصɽׯһŮħͷҲûټг裬ԽһȻΪԽˣҲƫס£ÿնܼ䣬ҲеΣԽԽء
仹ûǿҪԽ֪ģԽԽ£һֻǿȡŮħͷͻȻǿˣǶԽġ
ŮħͷģЩˣԴأ
֮ǰ˶ùźŵҽ߰ԴӱֻһսƷһг裬ҪǷӣģֺãʧȥеϺ͹ȻڻҪ뼴ĵ֮
Ůħͷ˵ˣᱻӪȥǸط˼
ԼҲ³ֻΪǿ
ͬг裬Խָ߹õȥŮħͷϲŮħͷϲܳã˭˵׼أ
Ҳ߹ȴҲͼ˵Űֺģ΢ȴ־ԼίȵģԼǸ߹׵ǲǻҪһŮ·ǣֵ𣿡
ڱץĥӣԽûЩ˹űߣ˵ŰȻ󱳵һ߹ģֱЦ
ҪôͲ裬ˣûʸ߰
Խ֪ԼֶܼãЩˣһҲҪΪ顣
ž
ԽĻ÷ǳĳ裬һƴԽϣذΪջЩˣԽĲϻһǳǳ˿ڡ
˭ĵӣҶҵˡ
һڣֱŵذ׶˵ϡ
æذ·ԽĲϣ˵Сҿɲ𣡡
ŶƤģҲǺ⣬Ϊвң
Խ
ŮħͷĲ𣿡һĨɫΪңֻҪ֤ʲôóģŮħͷͲ١
Ȼ뷨õģʵǲпġ
ָ׼͸оһʹ֪ʲôʱѾǰ˹ͷѵˡ
ذ״е䣬ԼˣȻ˷·ԵҶ᲻ô㾹ȻŪҲģ㲻֪ȫҲܿ𣿡
Խˣޣʲô
ҪҪҴû᲻ôҲ˵óڣ
ҪʹԽսٻغϡ
ˣ֪ˡһԼûлˣϴ
֪ˣ֪˾Ӧøˣ㶮ðɣ

䱾Щ֮ҪŮյгˣǲµĻ벻͸ԼĴȥˡϾɰ˵ķɽɫǳԼҵġ
ǼȻԼˢڸУãбҪúһˣԼǰսЩں泶Լȣǻˣ
ȥԷŹܼ´һԼͱԽʩչṦɹȥˡһʱǲߵġ
ʵ۸ոϹΪܿһϷˣͿܼѹűʵʵ׼ȥԷ
ʵۣ
ǿϷһʱˬ᳡û°ѸԺôʲô
ܼңܼңʵס˹ܼңʵɷ׼һӣ
ʵ۵ĻܼһΪѣ֧֧˰˵ڣϣɽׯǲӵġ
߲ô죿ʵǲˣ󽫾ôг裬ܳģѵûʸӣ
Ҳˣɽׯˣг裬߲ˣУ
ܼҸһ͹ǱţҲǰ
ʵۣ
ܼҽſڣȻ㹻ܳĻ߲ҲýߣǷɡ
ʵۣ
ȥԷҪ߶೤ʱ䣿
һʱԱµĽų̣»ֹ


47 
ʵߵԷ, Ļ˲ֹһʱ, ҪɶҲû, ҪŹȥΪƽʱû߹ʲô·һʱҪ
ԼɽׯʵǶӷǳĲѺá
ʵ۱Լһ֪ʲôԭƺûɢʵ۾һ, ûܡˣ
󽫾ˮ
ʵʱ, һֱ˵, Ϊ, Ҳûĳⲿλ䵽ֱ
䣺
ҪǾж㲿, Ҳȥһ, öܽ
ʵһ⻰, н˫ȣ˺ü󲽡
󽫾治ģҮ, 󽫾ÿ£µŮħͷǲҪ˰ң
Ҳ, 㡣̫ʵ, ǲǺ˼, ҵı£°ͣΣյؿŻʵۡ
ʵۣ
䣡գ£
󽫾޴ˣ޻ûãô󰡡ʵۿģͲҪ޳ˡ
͹һãٵҴ£ͱҲˡջԼĿ⣬¿ԺŵһȺˡ
ʵԼһԣʮгرʾԼԼ
ʵһ˾ͷ˲٣ʵ۱ͿڿʣһţڿˣҲûϵˮ
Խ
£ȵǱ裬Һȹġ
Ǹ㲻ɣ
²ͺáԽˣʵۣһʵۡӹӣûһ
ⲻ⡭ʵӻ֣Ӷ㲻ˣ˭ںС¡
Խһڣʵ۵ע⵽ˣԭλʲôû뵽ôÿҲѹĴ󽫾ô谮
ǳ谮ɣʵ磬벻ô谮˵ģȻ˶˵ɫ
ʵۿһԽϱϸ˿ڣҲͿҩΪʲôܸˣ󽫾ҫĽͦõİ
ôͲܶʵһأҪӵ
ȻڻʵۿŵһȺ˵ʱջΣյ뷨
޲Ҫأɱϲ˾ͺܺˡ
ŵϴδɱɱ֣Ϻ绽ħ̽µһӣͷʥ̫ӣҫүԼһЩʶˡЩˣҲһ򵥡
Щֻһͬ㣬һɫС
ʵ۴һԼȻĳҲ㲻Ⱥ˱ȵĻȷʵͨ˵㡭ѹִ󽫾
°ʵ۷ϲ̾Ϣ
俴Щɪɪǣ˵ȥһ뵽Щݸ߹ˣȴֻһг裬ɫܻȥ֡
вԸ߰ģһʼӵҲ٣.̹Щ˶ù˳ٱġ
ǣܲ
ʹƽҲԺ˺¡
ֱק콫ӵǰǲҲһҲߣ
ˣǾû˵Ĵ治뷨
ͷţûУŮˣˡ
Ҳûϵ
Խ赭дЩ˾ԽǺ¡ŮħͷһǱŭģȻһûû˻ʹתӡ
ûУ൱뻮һ
ʵۿǰ׳۵ĳ棬˾Ȼǰô΢˲Լ֮ǰܵǵҲɶˣ˹ȻҪԱȵģԱȲԽС
Щܹ̫ƽ߽˸ҷҲ˴󽫾ĸ
ҫĽ󽫾ƽҲ𣿡
ĩԽԽ֮˵Լ֣ȴûлشʵ۵Ļݣڡ
Խ˵ʵ۾͵ĬˣȻǴ󽫾谮ˣҲĴ
ùֹЩʲôǰЩ˸ôãʵѾˡЩ鷿űһЩ˼顣ѧˣһЩ˼ĶڣþЩʵˡ
ЩԺҪģڣҲһĿķǡǣʵκ֮ͬġ
ȻһôģҾ͸һĵķʽɣ
ֱץһ˹Ҳǲ˭ˣ˵ûɶ
˵ıַ൱ĸӣ˵ı´šټ죬˸ĶֻܿһЩӰ
ʩˣֻԼĹؽڴȫǱʲôһ㣬ǳۣɫҰףȴһ仰˵
ˣһԼźöӹ
ʹģ˶鲻ǰ䵹ҲǺܽ⣬ɨһˣǸղ˵öĻѽȻˣǾȫһ͵Ӫȥɣ
仰£˽ȥôĶûá
Լҽ͸ҶҵˡǲǾҲô俴񣬷·ڿһˡúܺãһֱװ˳ģһл뷴Խܣ֪Ǹ˲Űһ
һ䣬װһ΢ģʵĻΪ˴ﵽԼĿģʲô鶼ĳˣá
ȥ˵Ҹǣ⣬Ƕֻһݣҵū
䲻ҪʣҲϲвЩˣ㲻ʲôȻǺõĻΪɽǵǿԵõһЩŴ䲢ǣԣҪõֶΡ
նЩ쿴ʱ򿴵һֿ˵ַʵʴ˵壬ʱȫ¹ʹޱȣÿ췢һΣߴαᱬʩԽ޽⡣
ȻҲʩߴµҩʱѹƷܸÿ·òʱһµʱ䡣ַǿ˵÷ֻǶѧΪҪ󼫸ߣ£ʩչնģҲֻһˡ
ȻҶ֪նȴ֪ʲôȻҪг͵Ӫȥ֮һ˶ӡ
뽫Ӫʲôطʵʮֺؿʵ
£֪ġᵽӪԽɫҲòǺܺã۾۽ȴһֱڲţȻҲηš
ʵ۸ӺˣӪһᵽͻẦµĵط


48 
ô, Ҫնˣ
ȻǰûжԼ, ԽһҲΪŹԼ
ǲб֢, ܾҪ㣿
ѵǣ
ԽЦţ˰ۣ俴ƶҲΪⲻŮħͷ»ѡ
ȻôΪҲýˣֱӽһҩι
ҳԵʲô
ԽǿԼɤۣµ, ʧҵҩ
ʲô㷴𣿡
Ĳó, һ֪ž, Լ, ҲûáȷʵֵΣҪȡԽ, ֻܿԼΪˡ
Ѱ
ɽ, ˿ĺѡ, ֱӸҪʲôҲͲ
ԽԵʵɢɢĽҩ֮ǰ鷳, Ҳȷʵ̫áԽˡһ£Ҫ˸Ҷɢɢ, һ˵Ĺͷ
ҾҪ, úô, ʲô͹ܼ˵
ҪĸңԽЩżˣǰ˵ģھȻѯˡ
俴Խһۣҫ
ҫһṥģϾŮڡĿǰзС׼ձһЩСĹңȽǿ˵
㻹ʲôҪ˵𣿡
ϣսϡԽԼáף
ǲܵġ
ԽȻûʲôûҲ⣬õԽףֲ˵ܴʤսˣӮ
ڶһʱ򣬻ʵ۹Сͦģû뵽ʵҲ
ף󽫾쿪ʤ
ʵ۾һƣ˿һׯ£Ǹʵۣ仹ǵŹ˿̿ʵǡ
ġֻôյʵ۵Ķ˵һ䣺ĩδ¿ɱһͼȥˡ
Ļûʵ۵ĺһӼȻЩûʲô飬ȴһƬ
ʵۣҲʲô˶ȥĺ
󽫾߰ɣ޵¾Ͳòˣ
һ߾£ԭΪ乥ĶһЩСûʲôܣɵȵܱߵСòˣŻЩСңһûʲôвеĹҶձĻʵѹƲסˡ
˶ˣʹʼɢԣ˵书Լȡ֮ġ뾡˰취۽ٻٴȥĶҪˣ
ǻʵ۶еһжţǣֲɵǸսŮħͷԼĻλ̫
ʶίˣĸȥ䡭
ĸ󣬶׵ġʵ۵͵͵ģûʲô顣Գ̫Ͳ׼ŮˣΪʲôԭΪĸɾ͹ȥʱ򲻻ᱻ󽫾
ǣʲôʵۣǱųһݵģ׼˵гˡ
ֻϧ
Լѹ˰͵󽫾ԼҪĸԸģȥԼԼǹҵĵѹϣܾܾˡԼĸ󣬼Ȼ֪ΣգΪʲôɱڡһжˡ
µ˶һһˣΪԼĹҺͰգʵ۶ѡվһ
ǲɣǲܻɣ
ĸ£ȸˡ
ʶʺԲɣһҲá
ʵۣ
г赱ˣֱȥһΰĸװ
ĸ󣬶ˡ
ʵ˵뿪ˣ밲ˣĸףѾľе顣
ʱֻҵеʱҪˣ¿ɸ˻Ҳᣬ۾Ҫˣܲܲȥ´Ҷ֪۵Ӱ첻󣬵ϵӣҪġ
һɳܸɵˣϣܹ֡
յ˻ʵ۵ţֻţʥּ˵ûҲܿԼ󽫾ؾͻأؿԼս
ʵ۴úܣŲԼ䣬䰮ȥֻҪλͺˡ
ʵ۶ݣ˵
زȥ䵱ȻҪأǵûĻŮҪǳˣôҪĳϣôٵɰ˵ķɽɫأ
ظ֮뵽Խʱȫ벻ôˣһ뵽ŶְԼػˣôأ
ϸ룬ԼһػԽҲһҪһҪҪʲô
ʵǲóӦˣԽɽׯƺģǱˡ߾£ûԼԽ
ȥԽʱ򣬾;ò̫ԾŨζɴм䣬һˣֻһɴ¡


49 
䣺
뿪೤ʱ, ܼڸʲô
Խķ, ӵ, ҲԽˡԽĸԣӦòԸôŨ˶е˯ˣкʶƺŨŪóٶˣԽҲòȥ, һֱ
ζƺ˵ĳ֡Ȼһ̣ڵϵԽ, ƺ˹, ӲŤš
, ɡȻԽ˵һ, һֲͣϲ䡣
ǹ𣿡Щ, ֮ǰϲҧ, ʲô
ѿ
һԽͷϵ¶ȸߵˣȻǡ
ֱҪԽ, ɴһˡ
䣺ҼҲǺǮΪʲôҪô·
Խϵ¶ôߣ䶼ֱôʵʵ, Ͳû˸, ȻŴ, ֱӰԽĺԺˮԣһͰˮԽ
ô𣿡
ľˮԽһ㣬еĳȴҲˡ
䣺ôģ뿪֮ǰҪ΢һ
仹ΪԼԽĹϵһˣû뵽͸ƨ
䣬㻹ҪҵֵزԽһڣŨҵĺ⡣
䣺
ô㣿ս˼˲Ŵôһĥĥģ
㣡㡭ɣ㲻ҪԽƺǱúˣ˵˰˵ôһ仰¶ˮʪˣ˿ִ磬ضڴƫƫΪҩ
ˣ˵ģһҹˮԡˡ
Խŵؿ䣬û뵽ȻķʽˣʱӦûѡ򵥴ֱķʽȻˮԡҲǺܼ򵥴ֱķԽܾЩԾͺǡ˸һ㡣
Խ棬ҲͽĶҪԼŰ˽⣬˵ϡ
ùԽôˣôʱսͦ۵ģԽ벻ߣ߾ͷߵˡû뵽Խôǻʸƨ
ֱӵԼĴϣ˯ú
ս˵Ȼѣ϶òˣͷ¶ǳе£ɽׯߴŶ丯ܵϢǡϲϣ˾ͺˡôˣǮ

һͿ˹ܼңȻѾ˺ܾˡ
š䵭ӦһҲûʲô
뽫ˣ
š
ǽūİţܼСš
ȻǹܼҸɵĺ¡Խ㵽ͷˡ
Щ顭һ²ſڵҶԽ
ܼЩ׵ؿڣǽôģ
ǰܼҵȻῪִڵķӦʵ̫ˣЩסӦ̬ȲŶԡ
Խѵг
ԽʱҲߵ⡣ܼұǰһֱǿһˮȻûǿ飬Ҳ˿ûм٣뿴ŮħͷҪ
ͳȥɣ
ãԽǲɽׯϵģ뿪ôɡȻ˰пţһƽҲ
Խ⻰ȴȫȫ˼Ůħͷ뽫ˡ͸˭
ԽɣͳȥҲ֮ǰӻҪҡ
Ӫ𣿡ܼ̽ʣʵڸ㲻ûùˣȻԸȥӪ
䣺ܼﶼЩʲô
ǡ
ҲȥԽֱӳҲ֪ԼĻܲӰľҪȡһ£䱻ͳȥʲô֪ĵطɽׯһߡ
㲻뿪𣿡䲢ԽͻȻֻ֣Ȼߣͺˡ
롣
ŶǾɡ
Խû뵽侹Ȼô׾ͬˣЩ㱡
磬һ˹ȥǴλүͬ
˵ʵ۵ôҪĳϣ϶ǲܴгȥģ䡭ԣ
ȥ𣿡俴һԽȻԽԸ뿪Ǿͺúˡ
뽫ȥ²̫ʺϣҫĴŮͶҲй
ȻܼҲ֪Ǽҽ뽫һûѱģһʱҫĻӻŮһӦƽĻ
ȥ
ԽĻڹܼҿǷǳʶʱġ
Ǿȥɣ
Ĳô⣬ȥȥ£һСѡ

ˣзִ硣·ʲôӣ俴һԽɿϵӣֻϵһҪ⴩ţһͲʲôˡ
ôһԽһӾͺˡԼɽׯֻͳһūװҪǲԸ⴩Ǿ͹źˡ


50 
Ŵ·Խȥμӹ, Խͳúÿ, Ϊڱ, ò׿һ, ΢Щ˷ܣ˵ľ񶼺࣬͸ӵĹˡ
䲢ûԼԽ뷨, Ҳȥ˾ͺá
󽫾Լȥһ档
á
Ͼڻʹ, , 仹΢ʵ˵ӵġʵԼȥǾȥɡ
Ŵֱ̫ȥ鷿, ʵ۵ʱ򣬷ɫܲã۵ҲûʲôɣǸʮˣȴĺһ¾Ȼ͸һ
ʵ̫, ڵҲ͸Ųɣƣ
󽫾
ô£żµʱôԼӣ, ҿҲҷ, ܿҪݱˡ
ʵ˵ʮֲ, ʵƺҲϰ, , ˿䣬¶һ˿Ц󽫾ԸԸλ󽫾Ҳǲԡ
㲻Ļλ㾹ȻԸλ
ûĸλϵĻʵۻԸԶλģʲôҪȥοԼǰʵۣΪ˻λóΪԸλ
ѵ󽫾ʱ޶ࣿʵ۵Ҳ顣
Ҿ͸ûҪ㣬ˣԶӹܣ÷һһ䣬Ǹá
ޱؿŻʵۣ·ڳЦ档
󽫾˵ҲǣȷʵûбҪңҲɽ͸ġʵԳظƺҪվջ̱ϡ
ˣӣֱ˵ɣ˭۸ˣûʵڵӺ۸ĺӣؼҼҳ״ʱӡ
󽫾һͳ£Ȼ󣬰ɱ̫󡣴󽫾ո֮޻λʵֱ壬ӣԵм
Ҫɱסˣ޹ؽҪҪӦһҲû£Ҫ󡭡

֪˵ʲôͲǻˡ
ʵ۵켸ȿϣƺ˵ʲôջʲôû˵ֻǷ·𱻳ȫһ㣬˶̱ϡ
ˣ󽫾͵ʲôûɣ³çˡôΪ󽫾ʹ˵ײ飬ҲûбҪġ
俴˻ʵһۣĪʵ֪ʵۿ϶µģô޹ءֻҪܺԽͿˡҡݱǿɰ˵ķɣͲҪˡ
صԼλϵʱ򣬿ԽںҫĴӽ̸ʲôһװʲôûӡУ顭
ҲڵһμŮŮúƯŮ䣬һӵڶ˵ŮǱضƯġ
ϣв֪˵۾ڿŮŮĿ⣬ʼնԽϣֻԽˡ
һĻͦȤġ
ԽֱӸ˵ҫ˻ȥǿԳȫġǺҫ̸ǸŮݣͺû˼ˡ䲻ϲƣǸ˲
ߵԽߣļͷŮòƲĿͶʱֱӺŮϡ
ôǿСūˣ
ԽЦЦȴǱģû˿¶ȡ뵽ŮħͷֶΣ뵽Լղźʹӽ̸ʱƺȫˣһֻŮħͷǲŹԼˡáô죿
㾹ȻūŮŵغ˳ԽҫĴ󽫾Լİ¹⣬Ȼ䵱ū
Ůһ˵ĿⶼеߣЩĿԽɨţԽǳѿ
װҲ֪ūݣϾʲôӴҲ֪ġŮôһ˶֪ˡ
Խ޺޵ؿŮһҪԼôѿ
ڶ䣬ѾǵĺˣпĿ־塣ԽôԸϣҲ޷ĨŮ˶ԼɵӰ
ǱսƷһ˵
Ȼı飬Ůһʱ䶼֪Ӧ˵ɶˡ
ҫĴ󽫾Դ󽫾黹ҹ󽫡ŮԽǰһ£һȻģ
ð
һĻŮһϲûüڣ˵ǲ֪ܸĴأ
ۣ
¸òΪҵū˵İɣô˵ҲǮɣ
Խ棬ſŮǰúÿšڳЦŮҲھԽԽʲôġǲڵūҪҫĴһԸֻϧ
ɨҫӣæˡӶҸӣ䲢ܸԽʲôӣԽ˵ģ


51 
ػǲ˷İ
ʵ̫Խ, һһĳҵķ, Ե, ͺˣʱһͳ£˵Ǹɡǡ
Խ, ӳȥĻһᱻҫǶԻʼƭӶôôҪһԼҪӡģ
ôͲܶһأ
һ, ԽԼС
ʵһ㣬Ӧòҵô˵棬ʲôɣ
ʵǱҵƨɣԽȻø࣬һſһӾͺ, ޺޵ĵһۡһ, һ
ôһвҲʵ, , ûٺҫӰнˡ
, Ȼ˵ǻʵ۵, ˵Ŀ궼ϣʲôĶ, ڸʵʱ, Ҳٲһݡ˹ƶ㲻˭
Щ˶ڰͽ, 䲢ûиܵϲá
ǣô֪ҺǱͬһˣ
϶ѻƷѾѲµʱڿˡһ˵˶ܵĪѹһħĸо
󽫾ЦˣĹ£ܼЩõõġ
˼ҹǱ𣿡
ǸƨĴ󳼣Ҳ֪ĸҵģ˲Ҫں˼Ĺģͼڶȫû⡣
ʵۣ㹦ʲô£
÷Щʲô¶Ҫû𣿻Ǿ̫ˣ
ҪֺҪͽŮħͷȥҪһСĻʵ۶ѡ
ʵۺ˶̱ϣûǲܣǻʵۣҪάһʵ۸еϡ
ȥϣ
ʵ۴˿бһŻʵ䷢ãЩȫˡʵҲҪһ˰һɣȤ
Ĵ󳼿ŻʵϣʵܹԼǰԼ䣬ǻʵ۸ͲҲ
ˣ񲻺ã
󽫾˵ЦˣĹʷᣬ۾ɵأûа취һͬһֻܿڽΧ
ʷᣬԼָף˵ڵĻȴˡ
󽫾
Ҫ˵ʲô˻֣ؿڣˣʲô˵ˣǿˣȺˣҺͱµĹϵġǱٳǾ˵ЩЩǱ£¶ʲôˣ
˵ŻָŻʵۣ˻˵۾ǺúõһתͷͿʵ˶̱ϣϻһЩɫǱòᡣ
ʵȻʮģ֪ʲôһЩҵĽڶѡáҲôģҡһֱΣĺ۰̱Ŷ
ʵ۵ʶʱ񣬶ҸϵҲܺá
Ǳȶƣ˲ɣ˵ȴ裬Ҫֻ
۾˵ϹֱӶŻʵգգ۾ʵ۾ʹڴȫѺɱǲɱҪһڡ
飬ʵ۾Ǿ˫ͬġ
һӹѺôˣһйҷѣʵ۲Щģ󽫾аһӴô𣿡
ȻûУشֱ׳
ʵۣ
˵ԶûУЩ˲Ƕûɱͻûȫ˺ƣʱ£ңҸͻƿڣһɵǡ
˵սң۽ʲôһ⡣
ӵŵģҲˡ
ʵۿ䲻˵ֻλ󽫾еĻҪ¡˵ûӣǰλ󽫾ûӣ
Ҳǣûӣôһֱʤս
Ҫôϣ
뷨Ȼܿ£ʵ۾ãԼȫԽܡ
ʱûУҪһ֪ͨġȻȥˡ
˵׼ˣʹãȴûɽׯ
󽫾ʵһ»ǿڣСһߵ뽫Ͼҫ
֪ˡ
ں̬ȣȥԽ׼ȥԽȴԵúܿܣ䣬㵽ҪʲôץҫĴӺͶѵ׼ҫ
俴Խޱ飺˵أ׼ô죿
ҵĹңԽҲ֪ôڡ
أûʲô仯
ΪңɲԲҪҫԽҲԼҪͦЦģôܻΪ̲סˡ
Ϊ㣿üë΢΢ֻӰҹҵȺ˳ȴ޷ֹ顣
㡭
֮еĴ𰸣ȴԽʧ
һߣʵۻص޹ͿʼѪڴڵѪþˡ
δôˣôӣŮ˾š
û£˵ġʵںزһǵѪԼĻʺ󣺡㣬ôˣ


52 
Щ, ̫ĹϵԽԽ, һʺǳ
ûʲôõĵ, Ѳǵˣ̫ѳֲ˳ģֻҪ󽫾룬ʱܴλ
δ뻢ıƤľ𣿡˵, ʺӵĵǡ
ҲҪңֻҪ֮ǰ, Щͺˡʵ۵񽥽Į, ǰģȫһ
Ҳ׼Ϲ˵, 㲻ģ
ʺŻʵ۵ļ򣬿޵ú, ȻһԼٷ, ûлʵ۵Ļ, ˡ
֪ҲӵʱҾ֪һõġλ, ̫Լӵģѹ԰͸󽫾ĿУһöӡұΪ, Ϊҵ, ԭڿӰ
δ, ӰɣʺͻȻŻʵۣĻˣôԸһĺӡ¡
Ҷ㲻ָ顣ʵҲû;ܾˣҪĲá
֪Ҳں
ûõġͳˣŮӵġʵѿЦЦֻЦݳζʮ㡣
̲סˣʺϻֱ˻ʺ󣬽ʵ۴˳
ղ˵ЩŮӣ̫𣿡ú۹⿴ŴŻʵۣȤ˲࣬ھʵۻͦ˼ġ
ʵۣ
󽫾ǿ޵ǲ̫󽫾֪ʵؿڣϵİŪʹݶʹ£Ҳ˺ܷꡣ
ʵԵĲͷ䵱Ȼܵˡ
ˣ
ĸ󽫾
ֻǲҶѡЦЦʵ̫ҩŪ壿
ԣˣҪ޵ʵۿ䣬ͻȻҲЦ
ΪʲôãһĸףӦòԺ顣
Ϊ޲̫Ӱ󽫾֪ʲô޲һ¥Ůµĺӣ̫µģãˣк𣿡ʵϵЦԽĳ޸˵Ķ˵ˣ󽫾԰ɱǸŮ𣿡
ܡҲû;ܾˣ̫ǻʵ۵ףҲ߱ĸ
ҿԣΪҲ㡣ϣŪһ㣬Ҳκ飬ҪҸˡ
ԽأΪԽҫ𣿡
ᡣ
ã޾͵Ŵ󽫾
䲻ɱˣԼˡʵۿԼ˫֣ûɱˣʹֵطɱɱ˲һ
ѻʵͻ޹ȵǣʵ۾Ȼһ书ҲûУһʵ۵弫飬Ǹˡ
ʼҵ飬лҪ㰡ʲô£
ֵǿӺܶıˣ䴩Խôǿһ壬ųı֮⣬ôǿˡ
ؾӪԼ׼ǿļƻһ˵ЩŮƦǸ˷ܵĦȭƣ͵Žһ£ǾǸɣ
ھӪҲбˣʼʱʵ̫бģǻⲻһıƭӪģʱ䳤˲ŷ֣ԼҾĺôൽ
ľԵĶǴʳԼҾģ껹ҴֻҪѵ棬սӢɱУԼҾԵõҪõһС
䱾ʵһĴڣ˾ͺáĿһĸҵĿɰ˵ķɽɫˣҲù
ԼҾĶԽԽӴ󣬶乥ٶҲԽԽ졣
俴ԽɽׯԽԽ֣̾˿ûǷ߰ɣŮҫӶŵģڱƭ̫ҡ
ߣԽû뵽ͻȻߡ
ⲻһֱҪ𣿡
üԽ˼ߣ
㡭ҲҪ𣿡Խ൱į
˵ʲô΢΢仰ƺЩϤ
˵ҪҪ𣿡
ԽӵƮʧ񣬼ƺҲ˶˵仰Ȼûü̫࣬ͱһذ״塣
ʺѪĸоЩģĻԺиӵ˵ֻǵһ£쳣˶Լ˵ϣҲҪ𣿡
δ
Բ䣬ͬҫĽҲؿҵĹҡʹ˱ӵֶʵԸգ໹
Խ˵źݺݳذף׼룬ȻĲȴһסˡ
Խֵؿ䣬û뵽£Ȼô
ǸۣͬԽģ֮䣬ע޷Ϊѡ
˭ϡҪҪɱ㣬ַӵ飬ֻһ䣬ǲδ
˿вѪ˿ֲȻԽ춼˵һ仰


53 
δ˭
δ˭Խ⣬䷢ԼҲش, ֻ, ô, ļ䣬ȴȫûˡ
Ȼ˶ļˡ
ΪԼļһֱģûԼļ⣬ҲΪ˿ܴ۸ļ䣬ڿ, Ǵˡ
ܺã
ú, ΪǱϻˡϻǰ, ҲԼɱ˷ʽġ
һƽȵ, ˾޴ĲͬʱظҲһš
־, ˣ
ӺõúܣܲؿڣСԽԽѴˣʲôˣ
, ǸħͷղšŮϴ¼Ӧ, ħͷļƺиյļ󡣡
ʲô临գҪҪҪδл궼Ҫȫɢˣʱˣǵظɾܲػˡ
һӾˣԭתȦȦ, һǧǰһ, ǰħͷһ, һΣظҪˡ
־£۰ɣԼ½ˡ
ϱиƨãû˽סǴħͷΪδѳ磬ۻ᲻ץδȥǲץǸץȥļ䱻ӡˡ
ˣһգһħͷظðؼ˻ʶġ
ˣգ
Ҫȥһ־òǺף˵ħһ֮˭˵ѹƴħͷҲһǵظ
δǳĻ°úõΪʲôҪȥò˼Ҵħؼǡħıδòˡ
־£ʵڲУǾƭİɡڼ仹δգһЩǵƬΣҸ˼ٰδ
ͷȻǸ⣬޼ƿʩ£Ҳǲԡ
òסԼûɱԽѡŹΪԼҲԽǲδδ̫ˣõĸӦѾʮ΢ˡ
ˡ
ѪֹܼһˣδȻ˿˵󽫾
Уˣиһ£УȥǲӱĹˣֱӹҫҪҫı䣬䡣
ҫǲ뽫
ǡֱӴɱңҪ۵ġڣǵĴӺͶŮҲȳȥˡҫĹҵҪֱӰҫˣ˭ȥ
䲻֪ԼʲôԽδĻʵûʲôģδͲҫôˡ
Խ֪ôūŽأúź򽫾š
أҴսǸӣŪģ䵱ʱδ飬ܡǺԽĸܣ
ǣūŽ谮ס˶ԷúöЩأⶼϴɾˣô涼ǿԵġ
䣺
ѹԽҪˣʵǲķߵġ
ˣ鶼ѾˣҲֹܼңܼһȫȫΪġԽ֮飬Լȥɡ
̸ϲԽ֪δҪֻһǵļƬҲ֪δϣΨһᱳˡ
δ߰ƫִռǿͥ˵ͷȴᱳ
ٰԽˣ㲻ҪκιأԽ
Ըǲܵģϣδ
壬ҲǳǿؿڱֱӴһ£˿ܶˣ俪ҩֻ֮ʱ䣬Ѿõòˡ
ڼʵһΣȻԽλӡҲʵ۱ԼҪȹҫ뷨뷨ʵ۱ʾȫû㲻ȹĸң޶Ȩ֧֣ףһͳ¡
µһŮƦӿʵ۵ţǳ˳飺ʵ۵ʲô˼
ûʲô˼֪ԼҪ˾Ϳʼ˼˰ɡʵ˵ʲô䲻Ǻ⣬ֻҪӰ쵽Ĵҵͺˡ
ҪˣѵŮƦһĨӵĶ
䣺
ġ
ȻںɱɱˣҲɱ˿ħû¾ɱʲôġ
ˣû¾ɢˣճӻŮƦǶ¡
ߺ󣬹ܼ˽üͷţЩг裬ô죿
ȻͶӪʹðеĶֻܽ⣬ҪѵĻǾԿ
ǲġ
ҲںҲģҲȨٲΣб£Ұ
Խ뿪ΪԽȨˣûȨ
˵ҲһˣԸǽҩˡ
ūȥš
ãԹȥ
Թȥҩû뵽ǣһϷ
оĻ취ҳȥ𣿡ģһ˿ģһˡ
ȻһȥģֻҪ㡭


54 
ֻҪľˮҩ, ж֮, һɱ, ߵġ
վ֦ϣɽµ龰۵ףŮһвֵгرһİ취
ǡڲǰѾܾûҹˣҸЩ, ֶΣҲǲ֪
Ůһ⻰, һƿˡ
˵㰮, ѵС¶첻𣿡
, ˵ŮһӾͼˡ
ҲҲҲ
䣺
˰
ֵô, Ȼͱ˸Ūˣò˵, Ů⻷ĺܸˡ
, һŮ֪ô˰, סˡŮ˻һֿܣɲˡ
ǸгȻ俴ǸˣŮ, ǳĺ, Ůһ취Ȼ뵽ӦҪǷҩ, ˵
֪г裬Ǹа̽רоһЩаģ˳ú欣ЩŮĪ棬ûΣǸа̣ҲûٿӺ޹Ů佫²꣬˺ܶ޹Ůʧ¼ҲǼ˼¡
а𣿡ȻŮǲĵġ
ûаٷְٵİգԽھͺˣŮħͷҵ˾Խа̽ԵЩźȻɽׯ֪Խرġ
û취ˣԽŸͱһŮƺЩźԽһôٺݵ㣬ֱŪŮħͷʲô鷳ûˡ
ˣа̽ƺЩϲǾ͸ˣһ߸һֱȡŪҶʹ˼ġ
ǾͿˡŮˡ
ŶòˣҲͲˣŪ죬Ůа̽æҵӣ·úܺ档е͵͵ɽׯˣôӲٴһأ
ټг裬ÿ˶һŽҩа̽ʱȴͣˡ
ˡа̽ͱȽóĹ˿ϳ䣬ȷʵô˼㹦ȫûõġ
ϣζ䵭֣а̽һ飬ԼʲôȻģ˿һŭ֮ɱ
ˣϵζΪˣԲԼһ¡ԭ¡а̽ӵĽģȻĵ
ǣ俴ЦͬʱҲ֣а̽Ȼô͵ȲʹˣԼأ
װУ뿴˺滹ʲôС
װʧһ£Ȼ󽫽ҩҲа̽ߡ
˶ΪԽ֮ܳ׼³һˡֻа̽Լ֪ԼĿ࣬ǿôͶʹѹʵҲ
ʹʩߵҪ󼫸ߣʩֳ߱а̽˱Ҫָ֮⣬Ҷκָ̫ķˡ
а̽侲֮ŮĶȻֵǣ䵱ҩȴһ¶ûУˡ
ЦŽҩˮа̽ıУĻҵ˺ҩˮ¶һЦݡŮ͸ȥమɱɣ
а̽Ϊ䱻ˣû̫ĵģŮмƻڲ͸¶˳
佫ƾͼƣҫøΪ˳
ʵʲô֪ҫҲ̫ѡнݾҲ᲻Ҫġ
һ·߸迭ڽڰˣŮΪжˣԼа̽ΪԼǵ䷢ѵʱŷ֣ƨûС
㡭ôû£Ů䲻š
˵Ķҩ𣿡΢ЦţȻЦһ㣬һסа̽ĲӣӵŮǰĶҩĺء
ʲôⲻܣа̽ҪվȻȴָһʹ˼붼޷ˡҪٿ䣬Ȼһдģ֪أҲװģѡ
㾹Ȼһֱƭңа̽еܲˣԼȻһֱʢǲݰçƭ
ƭôˣթû𣿡
㡭Ҫɱ㣡һҪɱ㣡һѵҪ
Ҫûʵˡһ֣а̽ͷɵüԶ
ʱŮˣʼˣϣԲҪע⵽
Ȼǲܵģע˾
㡭ɱң֪Ҫ˭ҿ԰ץ͸㣡
ŶŮ⻰е˼
㵹˵˵Ҫ˭
Խ֪ϲԽڷκζ˲ʱŮ֪ǿˣǿ䣬ȴԽ˵ˡ


55 
áϲԽǹһĨζЦݡ
ôòҪ, ҪǴ󽫾أһԽ͵󽫾, 󽫾̧֣ʱ, ŮֵüΪʶࡣ
㲻ҲϲԽ𣿰͸ңã
ã
ŮĻشû˿ĳɣȻԽһλԶԶûȨҪҪ˵ˡ
ð, Ҿ͵͹ˡȻҫˣץͷ, Ҳ΢ѵʱѡ
ЦЦ, ȷʵڴ, ŮԽ͹ʱԽı顣ΪҫԽһȻعõľĴ, Ҳͦɱġ
ⲻԼҪػ, ùԽˡ
̫Ҳ̫, һˡ
ǰս֪ǣʹһϢĻʵ, Ҳս
δһںȣӵ˹ıӣƺֱӽˮ, , ȴԳ˼ֺ֮⡣
ɢ, ˶Ⱦƣδ̧ͷֻǿ˵忡͸Ų԰׵ȴԵмġ
һǿݣãⳡսˣĿǣ·۵Ĳ
£ֹħ𣿡
һ翵ںδԻȴֿĴڡ
㶼˵Ǵħôֹ
ǵ¡ħµҵҪɵϵġǸԵЩǡ
Σңɶ˵Ӱ𣿡ʵͲᷴɣȻµɱ٣ЩҷֱѾãսðտ಻ˣܹһͳһĹ֣Ӱ쵽ġ
Ϊ֪Żһʼһͳ£ɱ̫ˡĳͷȷʵ壬δȾӰԣȻֿҲС
δʲô֪ʲô˵
£Ĳں𣿡
ںʲôô޷ҺƫʲôҶġδЦЦڣһ⣺֪ıʲô𣿡
֪𣿡
δЦȻ֮У˶֪ıʲôΪ֪ıܶԸ
Ψһ֪䱾ˣδ
δᱳģҲκˡʹ֪ı壬Ҳû˵δǲԸ߱ˡһأ
һˣһҪ֡
߰ɣҪǱûõĻʵսˣϷҡδЦЦ˶߳ûһѪ˳
壬Ҳ֪ٳż죬һΣֻʲôأ
ˣ棬ԶԶĶ࿴Ҳã˭֪ʲôʱͳһأ
£Ǻʱǰµģ
£
δʼգûشһ⣬ǸҲֻε̾ϢһδԾˣ»ɢҲܸıֺ
Լǰǿʯͷܾʯͷ¶Щ̫Ծʱ̵ˣʱֱ̹ǣһҲŹֵʯͷˣ䲻ᡣʯͷǺҪ
ôڶǿʯͷˣݵλҪʲôıʯûУôͳһʯͷأ
Ҹˡͼ򵥵֣ʱԣ˾ͺãôΪʲô
ҫĶŮԽ͹ˣ𣿡ŮƦ˵һ¡
͵ҵӪȻټսȻԽ͹ˣȴûд̼ԽڲԽˣֻһػѣúñģľ˰ɡ
ԭΪԼԽܺϵϵģڷָܡ
ԽһЩ֮󲻻ᱻɵɵƭ
ҫٶȣ˵˭Ҳû뵽ôһңڵϦ֮䣬Ҳ˶Ŀ־嵽һµĸ߶ȡ
ŮħͷҪٹҲꣿ
ڶһ飬ҪĲҫ֮Իһѡ񹥴ҫΪԽҫΪһ˶ģջˮ
ԽΪҫйȫĨɱˣû˼ǵսɱУαģ˶ΪҫȫԽһ˵Ĵ
ʱ˾ôĺ¶ûбסһ£˵Ļ£ͱ˶˳ϡ
ԽٵľĴ
Խ֪վĽǶϣûʲôǻ̲סҪǨŭ
ӣˣ
⣿俴ԽЩҪԽ˵ˡ
ԽվʲôҵģԼҲ֪ҸΪһʼҵķ²ô㣬ҵȨһ̺ˣûˣ㵹ȹˣڣҲӰ͹ģԹ޵˭㻹û𣿡
㡭ĻԽԶԣú޵ˣȷʵǴӺͶŮģҲȷʵһֱȥĹҡǡΪʲôӣ
Դ䣬ƺûһ£ǱǵˣôȷʵΪ
ˣҲɱġҲⲻǺˣȻҲʵֻһ飬Ҿͷ뿪
ôã
ԽҲŪҫжԭȫΪ϶ܣ˶˵Ϊûԭ
ֻѡң㻹ѡԽǿ㣬Ҳܾˡ
ã˵ɣʲô£˵ʵԽҲС
ʯͷȥӦ佫һֱԼϵʯͷȡݵԽֻһЩǵļƬЩ΢ĩĸӦ൱ĲȶҲ޷ȷԽǲǣֻʯͷ


56 
Ӧ
ԽЩؽӹʯͷ, ʯͷһϾޱ, ֱӰʯͷˡ
Сĵ㣡ü
һʯͷ, ôţԽ˿䣬ֿ˿ʯͷ¶ɫ
ʲôӣʯͷʲô⣬Ѫϴҫ
ޱ飬ȻԽ, ǾһԼһԼûнڲ٣ֻҪܴﵽĿľͺá
㡭ôô, Ƕ
Ǿͱϻ, ˵, Щ˾Ͷġ
仰˵, Ҳúְܳ, ԽΥ, ֻĸӦ
俴ʯͷԽзĹâֻúܹ죬âɻ, ǲԼҪҵˣ
ɻ󣬵ǵظȴֱˡڴħͷƤӵʹթ, ǶԼ
ȥ𣿡
һ, ̫ˡ
δĲл, ǴŪģ
־¸ġ
þ˱ĹŽһƲлԽڣͬʱ¥еδ³һѪ
£ǸЩš
ʲôδЦţ·⣬ȴվҡҡ׹ȴһ
ܺðû뵽ҾȻˣһССĹҲ۸ͷˣ־ˣֵظҲһ繦͵ġ
£ʲô
ӦǸǣδĲӰȥ
ǸһˣδƢã˳ֻħǰı󡣶δûеߣͥ˵ͷ˵ҪͲҪˣ֪ܲ߳ܵȥħг衣
δٴγ֣ץǲ̧֮䣬޷
˭
󵨣֪꣬˭
ܺ£ɻҪǿԳԼӡ
ǣǾȻ֪˭Ǹոճȡһƻ꣬˭ˣ
δŪţЦԽԽаܸоĿ־塣ܺã¹Ǻ˼
㡭㾹Ȼδ
Ȼ֪δжħͷ֪ˣôħͷôˣ϶ˡ£
ˣ⽱ǿ³ܲŶ
ܲϵ˼
ҷ
δһ˹ɫֻҰ˼֣ˡ
£Ǻαأ
αأδ֣Ҳûʲô˼һЩˣδ˭۸ģֻһ۸ΪĸԸˣûʸ񡣡
δȻֻʣһл꣬Ͼ֮һ˺ܶطƴһеĻҲֱӸϡ
ڵδȷʵĺܡ
£ʹˣˣɻϼ£ڴֻܻˡ

δһɫȻڵϻһȦȻԼǸȦУ˫ָȻ͵ˡ
£ʲô
ǸӵĿֻˣѾоһѹδƱһֲܿ顣
𳳡ȻҪˣǾ֮ǰٰЩˣҲǷˡ
δڲϵѪ֪Լ͸֧һ˿Ѫνˡܰͺãδ֪ԼֻʣһˣҲҲ޷ˣֻҪžͺá
ؼ伫󷨣δ֧ŵԽԽڳȣе顣һе
ϣĴδѹ㣬Ըǰң
δֻԼƤԽԽأ֧ҲԽԽˡ
δʱ͸о˲ԾȻǿнδһƻԽڣδ˹𶯣仹ǸӦˡ
ڣȻĻڣ
֪˭֪Լһֱҵ˳ˡ
䶪Խٶȣδڵĵط
ܿ˲õԤУδһΣյ飬һܻԼ顣
еʱ򣬿ľǸɵʵ۵µ˲䣬æס塣øˣҲѿˣͷ˿ѩɫ԰ֽҲ˼Ȧʱûǲ֪ôԼӵġ
侪ȵǣδĲȻǴʵϴġ
㵽˭
ı࣬쵰Ȼƭ
󽫾ã˭أδ䣬峺ǰĻʵۻһӣ˿û˸ղŵ
㻹Ҫװδ
һ쵰ɿӣԼˡ
󽫾ѵ֪޵СδһֱδδЦڵӣЦĺѿ
Цˣ󡣡䲻̫ġ
󽫾ǺأǾ󽫾ſްɡ
ҷſ㣿룬Ұѻ˵δ΢΢Ϳ۵òֱӻȥҲϸˣ·Ů˻Ҫϸ
Ҷˣ㻹϶Һһ𣿻Ҫ١ȿȿȡɱһ𣿡δԽԽȴһ㶼һҪеˡ
ɱһΣɱ㣿ЩšǵǵļУҲ֪δǺҪˣôԼɱδأ
ôɱδ
ѽ󽫾ɱδǻɱޡ󽫾޿Ҫˣα֡δЦƿ䣬ҡ˰ǿվֱӡ
ȷԼǶʧһּģǰһȻʲô֪䲻ףΪʲôԸ˵
㵽ʲôŤ
䲻ϲ̫ˣ˻ŮˣǰӦþδһֱѰҵˣǺˡ


57 
ûֱŤ, ҵһ¶ѡ
ʲô
俴ǰˣȻûжټ, ܾδǳӵġδӦúƯŶԡνֻҪδĬΪܺÿ
δֲ˵ˣԼҲ˵, ڶʲôΪʲô, Լʲôԭ£ǵƽվ޷ں
佫δƫȥͷ˹ֱԼ
ʲô˵
㶼Ҫ, Ÿ㶼Ҫң, һ˵ʲôδ, űôһ仰˵ݾͽҧ´ڼʲôɼʹҧţ촽һƬҰ֮ɫ
䣺
δƺίټڵȷʵең͸ˡ, Լ֮ǰ, ͦġ
Ǹʱ, ˭֪ǸĻʵۻδ
һţȻҪܾ
Ǹʱ̽ң̾˿ϣһҪ𣿡
ǣû̽㡭ҵʱǱ̫ǸŮ˰͹ȥźġҵʱҲ֪ͻоˣҲ֪Լ˭ǵģ׼ΪѡδԽԽСܸоˡ
˵һ飬׼Σ
šδ
ӣ˭Ҫ㣿ͣˣֲҡ
Դˣδ԰׵ϣһ˿˷ܵɫӴս伸֡ǰûעδһʵһɵıɾƵζ
סֵ壬дż˿㲻֪ʲô𣿶ţ
ұǸܻʵۣ̫ҪˣҲˡ
ɱ̫󣿡
𣿡˵£δɫȥָǰ͸˷ϵˣǽܲ˵ġ
δĸԱͺƫִ䣬ġ
㵽ʲôʱָģ
͡ҷԼû޷ӵõʱ򡭡
ϣѾָˣΪʲô˵
쵰ѵ֪˷˶ǿһദʱ
ҾͲ˵㲻ϲԽʱеעԽϣһҪĿܻʵ۶ѣҲϡ
ڳԽĴף֪֪һֱΪԽ㡭
Ҫδˣôôš
Σ㻹ûϳ𣿡
δͻȻЦЦݲңˣҶ㲻һΥ棬أôҵģں𣿡
ܹݪһֱҺ¼Բԣͥ˵ͷΪ˵г裬˵ʯģұ㽫Լһģֻӵܹ֮ңҪĴǻɢҲνЩ㿴Ҳ΢С¶Բԣ
ǲٸһ飬ڻû͸ҵƤҵĽʮ죬ֱӶԸۣʱ򡭡
δ˵ȥȴһסˣҧ˫޷ٿڡ쵰֪֪˵ĻǱˣĻôġ
˰췢δЩˣŷſ
Ҫٸ˵Щ˻಻ҰӵӪȥ
㻹ȥźǰɣӰӣҾ͸δڼ˵žʹڴڵŻѪ䶼ٴ̼ˡϰδĹ˳ͻ棬޲ߵĸо
δ˵öԣǰûģδǻںΪûиоˣδţôܲ
úúãҵĴ𼤶ȰѲóɲɣδˣѪЩѪҺ¹ġ
ûҪˡиƨĲ֮˶ѡ
ܱܲ˵ôûˣͲ𣿡
룬ӵұʱôң㻹Խ㶼ûң
䣺
ڲ𣿡
˵ֱ˲֣ŷȻһЩݵÿ£¶û⣬һȥĶǹͷ
ô˵ҲǸʵۣǸܻʵۣҲܶɣ
δݵøһһ㶼
Ҫ֣ͷſҡ
δһӾͲµʲôʱ϶ǲܳϵġصδһ㶼˳ƢúܻУ˺þòŽ˯ˡ
δϵ̫ˣβܣԼһעˡ֮£ֻһΪδ˹޸壬һ߽Լ϶ɡ
һ˹δ۵鴤šȻȫ̶ûзһŸۡ
ձعҫҲˣδԼû취սҲ˽һ£δЩ굽ôģôӡ
δܲĵֻһ·䵣ǵǣδԴ˯ȥ֮󣬾Ҳû
̵˲ϻʹδܹ̫ࡣ
󡭡󽫾䣬ֱ̫ܹӸˣȻһ̣󽫾ﱧŵģȻǱ¡
󽫾£ôһ𣿡
Ӧú˭һ𣿡
Ŀֲ̫ܹܷʲô˼Ϊδ̫࣬Ȼ֪δ󽫾ģǸʱ󽫾ǡ
ȥ𣿻ԭ±¡
ˣ˵Щϻô£
˵߽δŵϣһȥԭȽƽ͵δһӾȫһ¶൱ʹı顣


58 
ô£һƿǱ̺, ̺, Ȼһű
޷, δȻֱ˯˶ʮꡣ
󽫾ⶼ̫Ըġ£̫ͨһֹ
̫ԸĿģ
ҩｫµɼ֮塭̫ÿ˵һֶҪһ£ΪѾܵѹԽԽˡ
֮壿ٸ̫ϻˣδֱԼĻУЩͷĿڣ֪²̫, ҲĻʼѪֱӸ˵, ̫󵽵ʲô
⡭
ʵ˵, , Ҳüַ
¾̫һöӶѣ̫ŮŽɽ, ³͵΢, ̫ϱ, Ϊ±µԼûһʼѪ̫Сѵ£ɼ֮, һñ޷ŮӻУһ棬ɼ֮, Ҫȥ, ֻܳΪ̫ŮĿ, ȡ󡣡
䣺
̫Ů
ǡ
˭
ѾЩԾˣ̫Ů²ǹؼǡ̫Ůòɣ
ūžͲ֪ˡ
أ»ܹЩࣿ
̫Ա¼ΪϿһС͸¹ΪΪҿһе˼룬̫Ա飬԰壬ϿİΪ˱ºãԱҲӲΪñһȡ˵壬ʳϸƱ¡
ôݡ룬δô˵ҲǸʵۣôݳǸӣԭˡ
š̫ܹʿˮ˵̫ѹˣֻǵûʲô飬̫ܹܾԼһ̾Ҫһ
¾۵ҹΪԲܶΣÿ̫󶼲Ϊ⣬ļձȣÿζѱ˵ѡű͵ӦҲ̫ԹˣϾ̫δĸ
ָ̫ܹ˵һЩδЩüͷԽԽһʵ۹ֹӣѹʶʱúܣСĥһָ˼䣬δĸҲѹƲסˡ
̫ģҪ̫󡣡
ԼбҪһ£̫Ůǲ䣬ǣǻ嵱ݣֱ޷ǵĻ
̫ȥΪ󽫾ˣǻҪղܻع
Ϊ
ǵġ
һ̫ܶԼôݣȴôãжԼĲ²ּᶨ˼֡
ȥ֪̫ͨ󣬾˵һˣҪ
ǡ
̫ܹȻ䣬»Ǻġ
дڹ¡
⻰һ̫ܹ¶˾ֵ񣬵Ǵ˸ס
佫δСĵطڴϣϴһ壬Լϴ˸裬ű˯ˡձ·ǿҲЩԲˡ
δһɺŵıɾ㣬Żͦٽ˯ߵģ䱧ܿ˯ˡʵϲ˯δһֱڷ˯ڻ˯Ҳǲȵġ
ҹʱ֣˯ˣδȴͻȻ۾һ˫Ѫɫͫףвκ˺һŻָƽʱģ
δÿϵ֣ŷӲûи£Ҳоκ⡣δĶɢڴϵ˿𣬴һ࣬˼次
δ俴һ¶һζЦݣȻĶһǡ
ϣֻصˡ
δָ΢΢һָðһ⣬ſʼӿ
δЦݸӲãһػӡü֣£䱧뻳С
ϣˣ꣬ͥǻء
ֹһǱˮĽкѵģüʲôƻʹûɽׯȫ
һʱһδֲ֪ʲôʱ򣬾ȻδƱδơνǣƻʹǰҪɴཫδӵɽׯȥˡ
ţδˣ
žֱδ˯ˣǻ죬Ҳղġ
ڶһ磬ʱδȻѾˡ֪ΪʲôͷֳˣڵϣΧһȦ
ôˣ廹ûá
ӱסδֻһΧĿ˱ɾƵζ
ȥҪ̱ˡδת˸ĲӣڵϣҰɣȻһҪۡ
䣺
ϣҾҪ㵱ʵۣʱҰ´ˣҲ͸㡣
ϣ㿪ЦİɡδɫЩѿŵŴһЩڸϣҲ뵱ʵֻۣ뵱г衣ʵҪöģҶûʱˡ
ͲеϢǰΪ˲ô𣿡ЦãһôһϽĶûС
ûϢǰûϢδںؿڡ
ϡһֲһ䣺ҲҪҵг衣
仰δıѿĬĬ£һԡҲе
гʸ񣬶ûΪ̫ѿ𣿡
г裬ǰˡδ۾ؿڣԣҲҪˣ֡
ܹݪ𣿡
Ǹˣ䣬Ϊĵ֡
δЦˣܵЦݡΪĻ䣬ȻҲֻ䣬Ӱˡ
ˣҸ˵Ķ˵ˣڣδĹ£Һ𣿡


59 
δ۳, ȴܳ衣
δ߰, ƫִ, ˽ռǿͥɶϲܶ˶ǸӡرСۣƶʡ
谮СӣͥҲϲ, ·õĴʻΪ
δ˵ЩʱޱģҲ֪ĻǼٵеλСܡ
ֱһԼ, ָĳ档ԭΪ, δ˿ѩ, ΪҪԭЩ˿ܿ춼ή, 䡣ʵ, δûκҪͷļ, ͷ˿ģ˿˳ˡ
Դ֪ǰ˾ԼһֱѰҵδ֮, ⼸ܵĳͦģڣһҵǿ
ôԼ, ţ
䲻ϲδô˵Լ, δ˽ƫִ, ϲ͹ˡ
ûа˵ʵأϡţδȻסƺһ
ҹ䲢ûиδ£Ҳֻһɿϣ¼ͷ¶˳˿̣ļͷҧһڡ
˵˲Ҫٽˣ㲻г裬ҲҪԼ
δҪһУ䶼ԸǲƶʼɣҪȥʼɱˡ
úúãҴˣ䣬ȷʵƶʲҺܶʼҵĵܵܣΪӵûеһУȣΪѣԽôԽԵǶôĳªǶĴá룬û㣬һһֱʱȥȻҲһֱ
ң
ţһμʱ߼ģ˵ҰѱȺӸſĿˡҡȻһˡڼ֮ǰǲһģɼ㣬Ҳ֪ԭҲǸɵӡ
ϲҺɵδҽʵúȤ
һɵĻɵɵɡ滹иɵģȻһ飬ȴҲмһˣҲǲмһˣŪ֮ͽˡ
ô𣿡
ʵһ֪Լı飬˶ĮҲͶԺ΢һˡȻȻڿδĲ״ˡ
δԸ϶ģĲ״϶ԭ򣬵ΣԼδˣۣδҵģҲ᲻̣οȷʵкܴһԭΪԼ
кܶг裬Ҳ֪ʲôԭֻҡҲҺܲΪԼġʵ֤ͲģҲǡ롣֮ӣʹٲܳ裬Ҳ񣬵ȴħ飬۾޹⣬Ϊܡ
δƲƲ죬䣬ԭҲ˵ĸԣܿ춼ҪˣײһԱ
۰ôΪôΪɣҪСӡڵʱ˵ҲҪˣֻһѳͥ˳¡
δδڹѳͥһ˿֮⣬Ż쵰ҲǷġѹͥڶˡ
Ϊ۳ӵδ侹Ȼδӡ
δ˵ѣûҪ˵ѡ
δ˵ùºܶʵûż֣δȻû˼䣬Ժӵļ仹еġδ˵ѣʵһʼ֪
ʹ֪δ˵ѣ仹˵ĹУҪ֪ʲôûɢˣܹٴλسԼǰǽһ꣬ԼʯͷһǣؼģӦûδִ
лִδдĽỹҪ⿪ġ
δУֻȷ飺쵰Լһ飻ѳͥʵġ
Լһ飬δʲô¼Լģ˵Բ˵ǴΣڼԼ»ܶԼһĻ쵰ˡ
δѳͥʵģܲΪԼȺ˳򣬶пܲԣô˵ҪԼΣõ㡭
аɣȻҶΣҾװҲװεģġ
ѵδĻУ۽ޡ
δ˲§˵ѳͥһǸ˺ܲصĴۣ۳ӣԸΪħгϢ˳кܶڼ֮ʿĹַңҲ˸صˣٴεĵؽʱѾˣߵЩг趼򲻹ˡ
䣺ƨһʱҪ˵ģҲû۸㣬ҵг趼򲻹Ǻǣ
ЦţҪװﶼ˵ģ
쵰ѻ׻Ҫƭ٣
֪ЩгҲŪңΪǰݣҺгɾ͸УЩҶˣΪ֪㲻ϲµˣΪߡɼʹɲҡ
ţ㻹ǲ¡
һŹһ²ۡ
δһ£ⲻӰ²ۣ쵰ĹԽԽˣô˵Լ۸ʹˣ
Ҳ֪ΪͲˣҲͨħ֣ûģԡ飬Ҷ˵ˡδ̾һǽ
ûɢҵķʽԶס㣿
δ˵˲٣ĸĽ֣϶ġ
ǣŵҶһĲֵҲνҪ飬ǲֶεġϲˣҲˣֶΣԼҲĺ
šһȷʵǴʵ쵰ȷʵԱ˺ݣԼݡ


60 
δɿ, ǰ, ⿴, ·ڴʲô
ϣ㿴˵˰ɣôҲôԡҶ˵ŶҲʲôˣҾֽթģ㻹ѡҪҵĻ, Ǿͱʾˡ
ȱ
ţδ˰ȵôһ仰
Ҳжܣȳű, 취, ٴת, ±ӣҺúó㡣δ°, Ƕݺݵġ
𣿡
δЦ, һҲ
ȥϸ, Ȼɽׯúô·иʵ۵𣿡
֪ǲĴ, ܾδʱ׼Լһ
δ
Ҳᴩ
𣿡̲סˣ·ǺôͲᴩ·
δͷ˵, ֲֻһ䣺ᴩô๬, 㻹ųɣ, ȥϳˡ
䣬ϳʲôδ˳½ǡ
סƣӣҲ췴˹ƶҪ̲ס췴ˣȻÿ춼췴
ҲҪ췴ñַӺ
ֲ췴δСֹһ䡣
˵һ飿
Σδʹ󽫾޵
䣺
ˣξͲŪ쵰ˡ
ȥϳûлʵڣٹһţһˣȫٹٲ٣ĹҲΨհ˭ħһԲϾֱ˹أǲǲ
󽫾һǸң
Ѿ̲סֱڳˡ
󽫾˵ز֪󽫾׼ʱǻ
󽫾
һģ䷳ˡ˭˵Ҫ췴ˣҪ淴ˣδǸ쵰ô죿
Ĺ˭˵Ҫ췴
һֱӽθˡ
ž
ѻȸ
ûٸ˵ˣǵģȴȫ̲ס²ۣζˣ˵췴󽫾ˣʹɣҪ췴磡ֻվӶѡ
ٹٶҪˣȻŲͬǡ
µĲҪὫ½ӵϾգǲҪ˵ʲô²ز˵Ļˣ򡭡俴һ£ΨһѾˣںҲûʲôȺԱˡ
ȻٹһҪʶö࣬һƬ֪󽫾ھǣһͷʾˡ
ٹٻ̲סҪ²ۣʲôѱ½ӵϾɣйԱѻʵ۽ӵȥģǻʹ˻йˣ
²۹²ۣȴûһԱ˵ĲǣϾҪϵʵҲһ仰飬ƫ
ˣŮħͷʲôɣٹٽ޿
סٹ٣ǲ궯֮ͻȥδˣȻδȻڡ
أ
䣬һ̫ܹܲˡ
󡭡󽫾¡±̫˴ˡ
̫ˣ
̫Ȼô죿۾̫ô죬Ŀĵİɣ
̫֪󽫾˾ҹϻˡ
̫֪Ҹղȥʲô𣿡
ϳ
һ䣬̫ܹܾ͹شһ䡣
֪ȥϳͲȥλ𣿡
ʵ仰̫ܹܾͲشˣҲܻش𡣲ôģ̫ôģһ̫Ӵġ
ҲҪ̫ܹܵĻش̫λֻֿܣһǾԵҳıλһ֣̫Ů۲λ̫Ǵѻλġ
ãǵڶֿܡ
ȥ̫ͱ¡Խɭ䡣
󽫾̫Ǳ£
һ𣬶𣿡
仰˼ǣͿȥˡ
̫ܹҲ˼ٷϻֱӴȥΡ

ſΣδĲҽˣδܷضʹˡ
ģˡ
ӿٶȽ˵ΣľһδϳδǼɫϣѪδһľ׮ϣѾ˹ȥУŵѪζ⽹˵ζ
ǾȻδˣ
̫˿һŹϣδĲ״оĮȻ
̫󣬱¡»ȥˣ
ʲô£һ¥ļūôֱˮ̫ı䡣
俴Ѿˣֱӳȥסδˮ϶䵲סˣɻһЩδϣоδ鴤ûٷκ
쵰ʹ
δۣ¶һЦݡȻǴڴڵŻѪ
òױԼòôѪֱӣһ֣ղŶδ̵ˣһء
䣬ôˣ㲻ڡ䣬̫󾪵һӴӹˣǳĸӡ
̫Ϊʲô俴̫ƣ̫ڶԱʲô
İ޵̫ŻعŮ֪ԼСλΨһ̳ˣҲ֪Լĸס
仳бŵǸūȻҹŮ֪Լзϵ塭̫δԽı䣬תʱȴǴȰŮ̫ˣʹڻʼҳҲϢ
󽫾ҪҪ˵
ûգҪȥˡδڳ鴤ȴװӣͺ޲ɱеˡǡ̫Ͼĸף߱ĸ
Ҫ˵ǺҪ顣
֪Ů̫ҾͺȷĸˣҪôûϼ޵ҵɽׯȥҪôҼ
仰о޴Ϣ̫һʱЩӦˣ˰죬䶼ߵſڵʱ򣬲żڵ㶼֪ˣ
ĽŲûֻͣһ䣺¶µˡ
УҪδԣǸūԲ򣡡̫󲻹˵β̫ߵĵΣææ׷˳
˵δӣ޷ŮҲں䲻뱻̫׷ܣֱ˹һ䣺ҵķֻδ
̫仰ֱ˹ȥΨһŮ֮ŮΪʲôϲδǰʱ͸Ҫģף˲
䱧δṦɻȥһͷͿеδü۴Цģˡӡѡƨɡ
أžһ
δȻˣҰ׵Ⱦ˺ΣԳһ˿
䡭ɳƵȴһ˿ӡ
ܵ𣿡ȴǺܲơ
ϲԼŪض˲У˼𣿡
֪δΪʲôôɾ֪Ÿ
쵰Ͳܶһ𣿷̽ϼθСͲƲ塣
ûУϡδƺܺ£һ˿һžͻǳƺ飬ϰԵؽϡ
֪쵰װĳɷڣɿģ
ûУЦһ
̫󡭡
Ҫץ淴ˣδûô
̫һץδҪɱǺɵ顣
ǰ뿴᲻ңǰֻҪ飬ҶϹȥ£ȴҡ
䣺
쵰ˡ
ˣ
šδ˵һ̲סٴλ˹ȥ
佫δɽׯҴΪһˣˡδ˹ûˡ
ǣǸȻδĴڲˡū̫֡ķǳϲδ
ʵ̫ûʸδģϾ̫Ŀܣ˼ҲͲˡ̫Ի·Ҳ㲻塣
δ죬Ĵ죬Ϊδ˲ͼʯͷеһδڣûгɹ
δڵѹģһѾͷſԼ˯ˣֻԼģδֹס
δҪ䱧ϴϢģعԼڵһ룬صˤȥ
һҪԼſ𣿡ˣδôͲܰһ㡣
ɵϢ
ң˾ͺãȥһЩ£ϻ㡣
üģΪδǰʲô鶼ȷˣоԼǸ˾˽ɽĻǡо
ȻҲδҪٲȥӪһˣȻЩŮƦҪˡ
Ȼ׼ȥӪˣЩδ쵰еĻҪݣ֪ΪԼλʲô飿
úչҪʲôɽׯĹطϣİȫ¹ָܼ֮ǰԽʲôᣬò˼䣬ڵδ治̫ڡ
ʲôģ
˾Ҫҳ׵ּ𡣡䵭ػһ䣬ܼȴסˡȻ׼ˣ
Ȣ»Ǳ¼޵ɽׯ
δ
ܼ
ȻδҲں޻Ȣ⣬ܼ⻰Ҳ̫ˡôǸˡ
ԡ˹ܼһ䣬δʱ򣬱ֱöݺݵģԹڼҵңٸʲô۶ӣҶ㲻
֪
ǸӡȻδҵģҲ֪׻᲻⡣

е㡣
δ׼ѿӣһֹϣԲҿۡ
µʱ򣬿δѪģĴȡ
סҵģҲҵģ׼˺Լһġ
δգգ۾
᲻Ҫ㡣ı൱࣬Ҫδ֪ԡ
岻ҵġδСֹ
˵Ǿǣ㻹ҪҲ𣿡ü
úúã˵Ǿǡδ˵͵һڣŷ뿪
ȵˣδ͹ܼ˴۵Сۡ
¡
ܼǼʶλµ֮ˣϴϣҪھȻˡ§§ױģֱûۿס̫ˣ
ܼҴˣ
±ôУɷūˣ
šܼң޼ǵãϴɽׯܼ˵ɽׯ˲Σֻڵ֪ڣ޿ʸˣ
δ⻰һ˵ܼһͷĺλ£Ҳ̫ǳ˰ɣ
Ȼеģ֪ҪʲôĿʽūΪȥһ
䶼˵δɽׯδˣܼȻǲҵ
೤ʱ䣿δš
һ졣
ţδ΢΢üŹܼҡ
һʱܼһָûأæĿڡҮôñ¸ԽԽˣ
Ҳô鷳ĽӾͺˡ
£ӡ
δ
аɣһʱ
ԣδҲˣڵ壬Բˡ
ڣδ
δ֪ɽׯֲģ֪Ķˣ
ǽķ䡭
δ͹ܼ˵Ż洫˳ֵ
ҽȥ֪ˣˣҪлҪ˵
£ūʹߡ
Խɣɡ
ܼԽʶʱ񣬽ʱʶ̧٣˽ҪˣܼҲԼݣһūѡ
δҪֻܼܰ˸˽
䣬㡭ԽΪڷ䣬һ̧ͷŷδ˶סˡ
˵ô˵ˣδڴϣ˿⣬ȻԼɽׯˡ
ô㣿۾Խ¶˲죬ţȫ˱ģ侹ȻҲȾָˣһ֮Ըʶ䣿
ظ
δͻȻʧȥ˺Խ¡Խôһظˣʲôģ
ܼңȥɣҪϢˡ
ܼңŸ˯Ҫ˯
ܼҲΥδ˼δðԽߣܼҾͺĽԽȥԽܲġ
ҲߣлҪ˵Ǳң۾˵
Խǽţܾδ֪Ҫ˵ʲôδΪŲ˵Ϊûá
ܼҰԽ֮δ˶뿪ܼһЩɵģɿδɵѡ˷ӡλµеġ
ȵ˶뿪ˣټĿռֻʣδһ˵ʱǸֳˡ
£ô÷߹ӡԵ
кβɣֲ塣δ⣬һҪѣʲôģ
£ΪħԼֵ𣿡
ۡδǱЦһ㣬ôãһ㶼˽ҰҪõˣֻеõ߻ٵʲôֵֵһ˵ҶȻ᲻ûٵأǾû취ˣֶֻܲεõ
δЦЦʹŽҲһĨ绪ĸо
Ǹȴ׳ĬˣδǸӣ˼뵽ΪܷΪܹħһĴһʼڲıѳͥԸг裬ǻɢķնԸðΪ˵õǸûĵħ
ʹڣҲڲΪӪţʾԴףˣСӣŰͨͨΪǸûûεŮ˸Ӱˣݹɡ
ǲǾҺգδһ˿а
е㡭ǸĬһŲ£۶ĲƽǲǸûϹ򲻹ʷߺ޵ģǲҲȫװģ
δ˵ˣҪģҪôõҪôٵ۵Ĳδϣ͡
Ȼһ˽ˡֵ겼֣ûɢΪ۵ģֻҵħˣΪôҲںΪҢͨ籨šЩ֪꣬ҹúܲңҵĺõܵܣǲǺܿأ
δᣬǸȴо˿ֲԣ֪һе£̲
Ҹоڲô𣿡δԽᡣȻǸȴоԽԽѹ
δӡʲô
Ҳ͵ù๻ˣҸʱ䣬޴ĺõܷܵһϢȻ󡭡
δ۾ѾԼľɱǸ
Ңٻ޴ΪЩ飬Լһ㶼ֻ֪ǡںѡΪںԷΣҲ
ڲһˣδЦЦ䣬ҪѧűԼˡģΪҲҪԼ
Ң٣Լ
ͥҢ٣ͻȻѪӿ߻ħ
ۣɲһֱΪδǴķû뵽ķȻܶԼ˺δصÿһҪҷ
ʱ򣬷δڷ䡣
ܼң
˵̫ˣ԰ɹ̫
áܳȥɹ̫ûôˣԷһЩ

俴Źܼ֧֧ģЩͷֱ˵
½ĹԱȫϻȥˡ
ţǻʵۣô
½Էгȫˡ
˾ͺá
֪δһֱܽģֲЩˣ߾͸¡
»ҩ
ģҿҪ죿ֱӾ˳ȥ־ˣҲʲôõ壬Ҫ֣
䣡δعͷ¶ϲɫһҪˣɴ˿̿ţ˱Ȼĸо
һǴ쵰Ƥһ㡭
䣬ú簡𣿡δſ˫֣һҪģ
㣿
ǰδЦݸӵĲãȻһ̣䳶ס
뿪֮ǰô˵ģúúҩţϵ
ۡҴˡδġ
ۣ²Ǻ϶ܵˣ̲ס쵰ԼڵʱӲһ־װݼͦð
仹䣬еһһ̧ͷδ۽ǻһᣬ֪δڼٿޣǡᡣ
ٵˮҲˡ鵰һԼҪ쵰
治ˣδǺСᣬ·ܾӡ
ˡ㣬Ϊʲôҩ
ҩҲԲõġδСֹ
˵ʲô㣡
̫ˣιҾͺȡδûҪ󣬷䶼壬Ų˶೤ʱ䡣ҪҩҲǲԣ϶ҪôġϾӱͻⱾġ
ܼҺһԾԼĴڸУһ֮ӣֱûۿ
ιδҩ쵰ǳûױúܣ䷳ˣƨ쵰ʵ
һϲķ֣֤쵰߳ĵģҩɾȡ
Ҹ˵顭
˯ʱЩؿڡ
Ҫҡδжġ
Ƕ£Ҫȥսˣܿġ֪ҵģʤԼ仹Ǻŵġ
ǼˣδҲ֪ģܱǼңҫ֮󣬾͸ӵĻֲ̿¾ҪֵˡֻҪܷܱסԼĹңʲôԸⳢԵġ
ţұҪȥսˡģһЩں֮ڣ˲ҵġ
һȥδֹ䣬ȴҪԼһͬǰ
ӣʺȥսս࣬δвһ㣬սȥʲô
Ϊҵ첻ˣ䣬ҵҵȲʤδ䣬翣֪սֻ࣬ҪߣҿԵġ䣬Ҵȫ塣
䣺
黰Խ˵Խˡ
ˣǺûȤδƲƲ죬õʱˮ
ҪҪһȤģ
ǸľͷҶȥս㲻Ҳ͵͵ȥġ
䣺
ջǰδŽ˾Ӫǣ
Ȼ˵ûŵġ
ٹ٣ͻ϶ÿҪˣ²ǴսҪŷ²ɣ
ŮƦӣսҪڴźţұģ
䣺ﶼʲô
δһ㶼ںô͸гһƽҲȥʹӪȵ͸˵˵˹Ϸһ㡣Ͼͱһ˯ҲʲôǵһŴϡ
δʵ̫ˣʵһսɱеģһ𲢼սһҲ
Ȼʹδľģɸı䲻ԽԽսֵطӵ񻯼Ӿ硣壬Ҳû·һӸţúϢ
δصͷսϣδǲֵģˣСӣҲǻġ
ȵδٴʱʮܣθһ󷭽ģ¡
ۣȴúܺڣԼһǳСĿռƺ˿ڼˣܡ
δʩģɷԼʩչȻɱ˰Ӫʶһ⡭̫˼ˣ
δŤÿ˷ˣֱһѽӵ˵ϣһδѪˡ
δǱװ￸ģ˿ϵ£һӴ۵δЩۡ
᲻ץˣ
һ˿ڣδһͷ׷Ҳһ忡ˣôҲҹңսҪߵ˰ɣ
ǴӪץġοڵӦǿδˡ
ûʲôȿڵĴü
ҽȥӪʵʱµǹŵģϿšū֣Ӧū˵žҪδϵĴΪôŵ˳̫ˣְѴδһġ
ҪԼΨһڱδץ˴˼ϵı޹һ˫۾ֱֱĿˣһ仰Ҳ˵
ץūʲôãӣ˵Ǹˣв䡣󺺺һȭͷȥʯͷһѷ졣
ںˣǾӪˣץ˾ˣ
δɲ˵ȥǺܿģȻΪūĻͼ˵⡣˻е˼ӦץвģܹȥɭϵӪʣһǳڼ顣
Ȼ˸ұϣ
δĵ뷨ԽϿԲ˿óʵ뷨
ūô죿
￴ܲʳʲôϢ
˵žδ׻˵ʲôδֻҡͷڡ
ѵǸưͣҲ̫˰ɣ
δһֱϿ˵˶ΪǸưͣҲȷӦֻһůū
ޣ˶Ź
Ǵ֮󣬾׼ɱδǸưͣҲܱ֤ܲ©Ϣ


61 
δ, Ͼһʧū, ʵ֪, ˶ɱġ
ǣ壬Ȼһ㷨ʩչˣеˣ
δδҲûжңѵöҲû
δҪ, û˼ͱǸ󺺸ץס, ͷʯͷײ
ײҪʲôʱ, , 취, ôǸŮħͷ
ץδһ˵, ֹͣδԴײʯͷΪ, δͷקһ䣬׼ֱӽδ
δԴе, ıʲôڣҲ취ԾȡӦÿҪӪ˰, , ġϲ, Ҫȥ
òδԼзɿԼģʲô취ѣ
壬ȫûΨһʹõģˡ
δǲ֮ģ֮ܵԹӦģԼҲҪ۵ģڣܲôˡ
ֱԸţǾȻ޸֮ū
δˣ¶һĨЦҪɱˣҪʱñɱ׼
δҪϽӪʣʵû߲˶þҪˤһΣǣ塣ʵδǸ壬ƲԼ塣
޼мסδĽףδǹŵģһеļݺݺݵݽѪһӾ˳Ľ˳
δҲδӣȴһûˣԼѪĽףδЩġ֮ɱҪɱˣȴû취ӡ
صӪûмδž֪δˡսе̫ˣһңЩˣǹǽˡ
Ҳûа취ۿδһȥȲˡδ˳ȴúܣһ˻ȥġ
ܵδھӪһֱڼսĽ̡ȻΪǼӺδ
սһգ˸һȥһر£
δȻھӪﱻ°ˣֱЦӪĳ˼ϸˡ
䲻̫ȷδץߣģǡѾûзˡϾδǰ̫࣬㹻ɻ¾£Σˡ
һһҹδǲѾ˵ʱһ
ϡ
΢Ķãľͺˡ
ǿݴԣԼһһҹһֱѰҵˡ
δǱδǱֻһõĴ϶ǴСС˿ڣһͷ׷Ūģһڵס俴ı顣
δ¶ģ䲻֪һһҹЩʲô
佫δӵϱ𣬲ŷûдЬ˫Ϊԭ·üüµ˫ţ˿̽ŵȫϸܵ˿ڣһֻ׻ƺǱʲôˣѪδѪǺɫġ
ÿδϵĳδҰ׵ɫԼѵ촽״̬ĺܲһˡ
˭ģ
Ѿɱˡ
δ֪ʵʲô֣ʾõġ
ϣӪСδĶߣϸ֪䣬Ϊܵ˺ֻǿҲҪ
ˣ֪ˣ˵ˣЩҶᴦڸҺúϢ
佫ָδ۾ϣϢϢδȻǱ˰ģһһҹضûϢ
ϣ˵δĳŲȥˡδƿ串۾ϵ֣ԽһΣҲ֪ԼˣѾŵùˣһΣĳŲסˡ
Ҳ׼أ䲻뿴δǰ
ϲδͲǡϣһֱʹ𣿡
㡭
δ׸⡣ֻҪδȥִеģ²۶ʹ࣬Ҫȥ
ʵҲ֪һδĺʹ࣬ÿʱÿ̶ż尾δ£ֿˣ
δôãѾŲסˡ
áҷֿͲ£ˣһͱһ֪ģҴˣǡ
ܵͳԼ֪δ˵Щʲô˼ɡ
δ
ãϣһٴطĶ𣿡ʹǴ֮ʣδҲġ
䣺Ҿڸʩѹ
δѪɫǺɫˣҲ֪δĲˡ
˵ɣԡ˵⻰Ĭδȥ
䣬֪ػԽӦңɴһͳúöԽܺδǾһԼĻ˵
Һͱһ𣿡Щţɲδķ
ֻϣõ㣬ػһȻ󣬽һƻ˿ջ䣬˽ģҲԽһͬǲκιϵĻҿԽȢ˶ѡ䣬ģҲֻҵġ
ЩãЩԴ粽ãҲá
δ˵仰־ʹϴ£ڰС
δˡ
֮ǰ˵ĻûеõĻӦ֪Ӧġúܰꡣ
δǺģ
Ϊһȥ乴˹ǣѾӲ˱ø
δĵڶ죬ظһţΪظͱˣͬʱͥҲͱˡ
ǶɷˣҪֱȥǸ״ˣôӵڻҰѱ
ǶսʤǡǴħ


62 
־ּˡ
С, ڵظ, 䡣ظ, Ժ
㡭ôˣ
ջ䣬ģһǰһĵظ, ˺ֵظġ
Ϊʲô־Ӧúɣ
ΪδδѾֻ, ȱ, ͲظֻأħҴطˡ
־ܲˣÿһ, ûˣССĵظܲˡ
־а취鵽, ½ǲдһ, ־Ҳܲ鵽ģ
δһл, Ӧ޷תֻ, δĲлעԼ, δǿתġ
ħȰ㻹ǲҪִŽδĲлǸȥˣ֪֪ÿǸһ, Ҫܶʹࣿ
̾һ, ˵, Ҳ֪Ϊ鷳ͬδˡ
˵ʲôȥ壿
ʵûδĲлȥʵ۵Ǿ壬Ǿ̫ˣڶǸˣĲ֪滹ᷢʲô顣ǡ֪ǣǾˣ
Ϊδ𣿲ʵѾˡڱӪʵ·ϣˡ壬;κˡȻΪδţôɱ˴ȥ
ĬȻһֱûΪһʼΪδ̽ԼڼԼθС
ӣ֪ǲ֪ġڵһֱʹϷҲΪǾѾˣǾѾľǵ㷨ˡ
ǾѾʼδĲлӲ棬˺ܴ󡣿ɽΪħһ仰ҪţҪȥ㣬ԼʹˣҲ
̾һֻδħ֮һԵɢɢˣƫƫҪڡʺϵһǲнġ
ħҵҪȥ𣿴ȥܿࣿ
̼䡣
˭Ҫȥˣֻ֪תⱾ顭óŮϴ¼˻ӣϣ¸磬ҿԿҵδ򡭡
䳶˳ǣ¶һаЦݣ˵ظͥҲһŹ
⡭ΪˣΪ־
ǡˡ
˵˾Ѿʧˣ־ˣôôļһҪδ¸桭Բۣδǵл꣬զͷͺ
˿ۿһ죬ҲúͷͺôˣƵĵطһǧǰ칬ʱһģһ
һǧǰδƿһսڡδ
۵ּսջûкݵֻ֣еһǣ뷲䡣
δٹգȻ̫ʵǰλڴ󽫾䡣
δˣ̫Ǻܸ˵ģŮͿ˳صǻˣȻȴû취̫Ҳ𾴲ŮĸףһУΪ䣬Ƕ˵治ùġ
˺δһ㣬㹻ɱˡ
ɱļˡ
ɵ̫󣬵ܹԼκ飬ֱȥʼ̫
̫Į飬ȴҲ֪˵óõȷʵ̫Υ˼ϾŮһľһҵĴڡ
ֿ̫ʼԼµ̣ûδˣҲûʲôֹܹĽŲˡ
һʱ䣬˴һͳ
Щ˺δˣûеõʲô³
˶ˣŭŮħͷ³жҡ
۾֮սһ˳飬δͣûĸҲɴһͳˡ
ɽȻֵϲģֻ˷ˣҲͦû˼ġ
һοԽҪˣɽׯѾһˡ
ãһɰ˵ķɽɫ𣿡
һδһԽкܶ໰Ҫ˵ģһڣƺʲôˣ֪ôںá
ǰԽһ˵ǣڡΪūһ࣬ԽƢͱĥòˡο½ȫ֮Լʲôأ
֮ǷɽɫԽȻô˵ţȴ˵ࡣ
ǣһԭңֻϧ뽫Ѳǵ뽫ˡ
ЦһҪһֱֲ̫ˣδαֶĸһֱأ
˵öԡԽҲԼôأ
Ը޸ʷ𣿡
ĻԽһû뵽ʳĻΪ
ᣬҶû˼֪ģΪһʵۣҿר裬Һһ˶ûеĻҪ߶ҪһơģҲģҪĴۣҲһӣٺŮһˣҪػѡ
˵ЩʱޱģԽҲûʲô飬֮ǰΪδܻЩᣬھûʲôþˡ
ػԽѾ֮ˣػһ˲ûʲôѶȡԽܹ߿ãԸ⣬˻ţҲʲô¡
Ը⡣
Խ˵仰Ҳ͵ͬˡ
ʮԽûκαģΪһʷޱȣҸ佫úܺáڽദĹУԽϲ䣬Ȼʮһգ
£Ͳˣʵԡ


63 
Խô˵ʱ, ЦЦ
⡭Խʲô, Ӱ첻, Ӱˣδ
ǰ۾ԽͻȻˡ˵飬Ȼ飬ֻ̫, һˣҲûжȸˡ
Խ, һʱ˼ǧ, , ҲܺùǸʱԼ, ǴųӵĿ, ƫ, ҲԵԼƿġ
˵ڣǼٵ, ԽҲ֪Щ飬˾ǴˡĺĽ۾, ʹ, һ˻ỳһӡ
һԽ, ȥδҪԼҲǸһ׼ʱ䣬ϣҪʧ
仹δۣ;ͷۡ
Ҳ֪ô£ͷ۵һֱ˯ȥﴫˮһֱεδĺܳ䷳ˣ۾ֱҲЬˣͳ嵽ԡ
ԡģһ˹
ԭΪϸδѾڵˣû뵽ִᣬһͿδɱˣǺǡǸһľϲ
ԡһˮδŵ·棬ʪ͸ˣϸһ˿ڣڲѪԡˮȾѪҺɫ
˲ö룬Ҳ˲ԡѾҪˮˣһʱ׼ʪδԡﱧһСģˡ

ʱʶԼѾˣҲûǿͳߵֵ壬һͺܽ
һһװĲִ࣬ͨỹͦԵģҲδˡ
Ҳܾ飬ںϼ䣬ʵЩҲҪֻҪȷǰδǾ͹ˡ
δ˿ڣ˵绰120ˣʱֻ120ܰﵽˡ
120úܿ죬һףԼǮԿֻ͸žȻһȥˡδϾȻʱ䷢ǣо˲ڵԼδʱûжʱȥ׷ˣδҪ
ʧȥģ֪ж
òδֻųԼǰǲô˵ġ
˾ȻҽԱ׷δ
δΪʲôɱ
Ҳ֪ûüܾںϼ䡣
һ֪Ĳ֪ȻҽԱԾͲһˡ
ԼʲôҲ֪ȷʵ̫ʣͿһԱĿ˳һľ顣
У䲻ŮڻңҲǴɣǶŮļƷĸסʱ㣬ŮҲųԭľ鶼ûзŮҶҲֻꡣ
ԭУҶ˽Ѫһô˦˦֡ΪһҰģأ߽ȦǣһżȻͲӰˣֶĵŮˣһֱҪλҲһֱƻŮĸ顣
ȻӵŮ䣬ûʲô³ģأŮݺݴѵ֮󣬾Ҹʵ˼ˣʵֻ޸һұУÿĶᱻұжӹüΪ
ԭеҶʲôöڣҶֻһĺӣ۶ûγɣŻǿԽ̵ġ
Ҷһϵе飬ҪǱĸҲˡ½üġ
ҶδŮ
ӦδҪúóģǵŮȻҲҪš
ػҶδҶ
񣬺ܺ⡣֪ǲĴƺǰġ
ȵȣͻȻ뵽һ飬δµĺӣô˵δŮˣ
ѡ˻壬ֱɱ˵ظ
ô㣿
䣬ֻԼҪͺˣһôˣ
㾹Ȼñδ

δԽ֮ܳŮԣҲͲûɢˡ
Ҫ̸̸ΪʲôһҪǵظȥ
δĲлҲŽǾ塭ҶδѾɱˡΪδܹõظǾںϣļ䣬ҲҶδģںʱָԼļ䣬Ҳ˵á
䣺
δȻǸԼͬһʱ䵽
Լһôãδڲܡ̫ˡ
ˣǰ棬磬úóġҲһλˣŮˡ
صԼ壬̲ûлʱ䡣
䲢ûʲô俪ʼںԭļ䡣
еҶȻǣûнͺ׬ǮʵϣļƷĸףҲԭĳȴǳá
ԭ䣬ĸı磬ĵݣԼ崿һνȦͳ˴лĵӰŮǣ˹󽱵Ůǡʱ17꣬ǹӰ
۷壬˵ľ䡣˺ҲûбȴŮõƷˡ
ɼʹˣӰһǸ˶һһ㣬ټļãȦͦġ
ķ˿ܶ࣬ˣܶ˶ֵסΪŮ
ã㲻ʲôŮһϲ׷̼Щ˺ܶ࣬ëҲһֱûĵ
׷˺ܶ࣬϶ܾˣֻ棬飬Ҳκ˸
׷УᶨһҶδС̹ķǳǳϲ䣬Ϊʲô鶼֡


64 
ҶδһڵϿʱʮꡣ
һ, ʮ, Ůõ͡
Ҷδһ, ΪܹӽԼĿеŮҲѡȦ
ҶδͲ󣬳Ҳƫɰ, ЦһУ̵ĿСҶδֳ, ʵС̹ȦǺܳԵÿġ
Ϊܹ, С̹ȦҲŬԼһҲС̹ʮʱ˽ǰ;ޣܶ˿á
ȻСֻ̹ԼŮ, ΪŻѡȦġһξۻС̹ʶԼŮޱȼ, ֵ֪Ůǰѷ, С̹չ˷׷, Ҳʮˡ
С̹ϲ, ȴϲС̹ΪС̹̫ˡ
Ǹϲ׷̼, ϲе㻵ˣǸСǹԳһ£ҶδС̹, ʵڲĲˡһһεľܾС̹, ҶδС̹·𲻶ʲôоܾһ, һֱš
ͬС̹ŮѣΪжˣ÷ˣҪŮѵЩ飬С̹ʧȥȤʲôС̹ĬĬˡ
ڣС̹ʼˡʱãˡ飬ʶһ꣬С̹ʮ꣬ҲŶʮ꣬С̹û䣬ûҪôͽ顣ҡС̹һӡ
ʱϰһܿµ飬С̹չе鶼ŵúúõʱ䷢Լ벻ˣСӣС̹ʵˡһֱֲϵ飬һҡ
֪ǳڸжʲôԭС̹ʮյھŴʱӦ飬޸һֱԼˡ
С̹ҲǳĺãһҲûΪ׷־ͿʼϧˣȻǰ仹ҪãҷǳԺãʹȦҲδκŮ˴šγԱȵǣһֱûϹ
ÿһΣС̹ѡԼţ˵ʲôֻҪ˵ģѡ
ʱҲûЩŶʲôֲʼįӣڼϴĸǲܵġ
ܿͻˣʮºһɰŮȡҶ
仳ڼ䣬С̹ƵеĹȻбķչˣС̹ҪԼʱʱ̿ߣ޾ϸ΢
ӵʱѲˣС̹۵òУڶԼȥˡȻϲӣİŮڶ
˺֮С̹æˣҪչţҪչŮӵһʲô̰֣Ůιһ飬϶С̹ġ
ʲôС̹ҲûʲôԣȢŲΪܿģΪ˸õĳС̹æʱͽİһпˣչŮһ鶼Լġ
С̹ǳӣҲǳŮΪԼŮеĶתƵ˼ͥϡһɷһðְ֣ҵϣȴǲϸġ
Ϸֻһ׬ǮĹʧȥ֮ϷҲԽԽһˣȴΪĽӣûʸˡ
ټϲһЩȽϸĶΪӭŵС̹Ҳʧȥԭص㡣ԽԽȻϷݣԴȴԽԽˡ
С̹϶ǱȲȦģģҶ˵ڿţһֱҲǺأС̹ȦڵԽԽ඼˵壬ʲôΡŶʮˣȴһᡣ
ЩС̹ȻЩʧ䣬뵽źӣҲû̫⡣
С̹ǣˣʹС̹˶ʮТɷˣֹǿɧġ
֮󣬵һʱ䲢ûǹشǷҧһڣ˵С̹Űӣת˷򣬼Լ죬ԼǱġ
һжС̹˵ֱô˵Բ⣬ô˵Ľܲˡ˲֪ôģԼ᲻֪
ӵһңĶˡʵ޷ţԼһֱŮˣȻ񶾵һˡ
ȴС̹ʹûӦֶ˴࣬е۷ƫԼһߣҺС̹˾˳ĽŮĸȨҲȡԼС
ʧȥŮС̹ʹ಻ѣԼеĶŵӺŮϣԼҵҲû̫ϣü˱һжҪɵһֱػŵļ֧֮ͥҲŲȥˣС̹ѡɱ
ںϼںϵЩͷۣ֮˺ֵܶ飬ڲٿˣΪڵϱӱ÷һЩ鷢һЩƫ
Ҷδϱ֮ԻɱΪŮҲ˸Ȩǻû飬ŮҲúõģ仹ֻǾ죬ûһ飬ֻ˵Ҫ飬ôҶδͷӦôˣ
ȻϱӵɱҲȻˣɱʱԲ԰
ںϼʱδ͵ҽ˼ȣȵļںϵĲˣҽ䣬δˣҪ
߽ɫҰ׵δƺԴδɫһֱû
һشδķǳ̣ʮͣʮӡ
Ҳǩ
δڶ˵õһ仰


65 
δɳƵú, Ų̡
, ǩ
֪δָʲô, ǩЭ飬ãҲǩ
δ䣬¶һ˿죬ƺû뵽ô׾ɿˣΪδ̧, Լ۾գգ, ɱƺԼɳ顣ѵǿɱ, ˣ
δ˳, ¶һ˿ЦֻԼ, ʲôʱ, Լˣԭŵĸ, ڣҲֻǡһ̥
ôˣﲻ, Ұȥҽ
俴δɫ仯Ϊ岻Ĳлս, Ǹɱ, ЩӦ
䲢ûڲԼĵ, δʲô֪ģԼͲҪڲأװףȻӵеҶδļ䣬ţıԣܿ¶ġ
ûСߣҡ
δ͸һ˿óӵദ൱Եȵġ
á˵žߵδߣδĶͷûзգá
Ҫջ֣ȴδһסˣֿ˺ܾãеľӵŨңѽָժˣ
䣺
ˣûעϸڡ
ѸԺʲôڣϴ·鷳Ų棬ǡǣЩ飬һֱһСһţκμ񶼲Ҫֵģʲôָģ
˵ѵĹ϶ǱȲδģδ¶ܱøһҸĽڶҲ
δĻش𣬰춼ûзӦϵı齥ʱֻˡ
˵绰ãΣɶδ˵绰ֻһθʲô飬Ҫѡ
Ҫæ߰ɡδջס֣һ·ʧȥ
ԵȻҽӸ绰
߳ȥӵ绰δʲôǲ볳ѣҪ
С㣬ҸղŽӳһƬǽ壬˺ܶ࣬ԡһ׵ѪˮʲôˣŻˣһֱڿޣҪְ衣
䣺
ˣѾŮˡ
ô죿ϹסԺһ޿ӣŮڼ޵òģҪְ裬ԣô
û뵽ԼһҪôѵ⡣
˵飬Ѽʰһ£˵ȥ
ŮĿ޵úֻǿ޵˺ѷεڵĳԸʵ㻵ߵⲻ˵ġ
ڣҪְҪְ裬˵ʲôȥ
˵˼䣬òײֹͣ˿
绰ٴüģͷʹʵǲóЩͥ£仹漰СӣҪɱսɱѶˡ
֮ǰ뵽ŮůůģֻáҪʲôӣԼܲˡ
˵绰߽δ߽ȥ֪ôˡ
ʲô
俴ʱҲˣδԹٰϴһ£ܻؼˡոմӦŮʳԣ仹Ҫ˭һδδľ˾߽ˡ
ҵСڣʲô
˰һδһҰ׵ڴϣ˶ˡ
ҶδǹɵС̹Ƕ˵ģǶԾ˵Ǹͷ۵ˡ첻úùҵһɫͽӣԻǰ̣һֱڼͥҪҶδǰĵһиˣ治ˡ
δ˵ֻǰԼűֲֻؽ˱
ҵ⣬Ҳø˵顣ȻҪĲ䣬Ҳֻܱˡ
⻰һδڱֽ˽
飬˵ˣڱ
ҪˣϢҲ˵ԼǸ˻һֱ˲ʣͲʺδҲͲδκδϲ
ҪˣδֵסԺҲˣϾǸŮ˶ħˡ
ʵɣˣҲδ˵Ǽ£ǲ֪δʲôʱܻùоǣѾкˣҪδûˣδͷˡ
Ҳǩ֣飬Ҳ飡δǳɤӺģɤӶˣʵҲû
˵飬δķӦܼȴֱӴ˵ƿϵѪҺҲҺ
鲻飬㰲㣬ҽԺǹ˶𣿡
룬֮ǰĶ͵ˣ֪лдʲôδһ֣ʱ֪ᱻдʲôӡδڵѾˣټȥˡ
ھֻŮ񣿡δ̲ס˵һ䳰Ļ
Ҳ˼鷳һ»ʿãԼбҪúøδ̸̸
һδֿһ侲Գֵ䣬ȻСǱԵİ
˳ĵΪǹš
佫ҺٴιҺãδɺá
˵ˣҲġ֮ǰǩҳ嶯ˣòԣ͸ɱôֵǮ𣿡
ں𣿡δʵҲãɱ飬̫ˣԼ顣ˣƺǺںӣǾ͡ļֵ󻯰ɡ
ˣں𣿡
ںҲعѣҲŮûְ֡ͦģںںǲδɱвҪԺ󶯲ɱ£ӻҪҪˣ
عѡδһ䣬ôû뵽˵Ļ⻰˼ǣˣҲ޸


66 
, ˵𣿲Ƿң
оƺĲ, δһӾ˹⡣
ġδĶͷһ, ֯˺ԼԼڣδܺã⡣֪ҵĸԣǽˣǾЩˣŻڲԡһֱ֪, ϣõ, ôú飿
Բ𡭡ʹ, , ȵǸˣδ
̫Ȥ, Żеƣ롣Բ𡭡ô, ҶԵġ
㲻Ҫ, ϲ㣬ǿίȫĵȫԼ㡣һ§δܸоδĲ
ԹԵ, úóԷ塣δԴС̹ëĺ˳
㲻𣿡δӿˣ·С
δ, 㵱ְ, ڼҪһȥ, ҲҪһ𣿡
ҡδһ죬ƽʱŮ۵첻֪ΪʲôǺԵأռ䣬ﶼֻԼ
ѳ͵׶԰Ҿ͹㣬һ£
šδСԼøŮǼɺ߳ܵ顣
ǵְֵˣô죿һδͦ˼ġ
δǸƤˣǴƨɣģںС̹δƺر׺ߣ죬ܿɰܿɿڰ
šˣδδָ䣬һҪයԺûôˡ
ҡҶˡδòУֻǿתƻ⡣
ʲô
㡭
˵֮һ£δøˣԭҰ׵ȴܵγѪԼû뵽Լ˵ôҪĻô죬ڱԽԽԼˣ
ңҲǸ˼Ҳ˵Ҫ㣬ҾǡǡδҪһ£ԼƺԽ˵Խңˡ
ֲʳ㣬ʲôԡ
áδԴͲ֪һ߳ģάֶ೤ʱ䡣
ιδµģڼδֺ˺üǾú˼ƺǶŪδˡδ˶˯£׼ؼҡ
鷳չһ£һȥϹ
ڣͰˡ
δܺú԰ɣ䣬ࣺ˵Ҫ飬ΪɱˣֻҪ΢һ£Ըԭ㡭ŶǸ
۾俴䣬ĶɵСûоĻͷŹɡ»һϲ΢ϧһ㣬ߡ
Źôܣҵˣ
ɣŰĸ߰ڲزסģδܲҺܸм㣬ĲУ㿴ʲôˣǹ˾ûΣص𣿡
񣺡
Ȼҵˣ
Ҳ޻˵δ̫ϣ˾ĹҲȷʵ⣬Żᵼεľ档
ˣǹ˾ò֡
ʲôһͷˮ
䣺
Ϊδɱ飬һ©ȥ𣿡
һγĬŮˣʱǲ׵ģĹһʱƺĿף
ڻؼҵ·ϣʹ绰Լĵݸס
ʹ棬ԼǿԽģȦܸӣǰ˴һپܽġʱƵôһɽãֲɵ
ι֡
䣿㾹Ȼ绰ң
ϽӵŮĵ绰£ưְҲ⡣ȻǸŮͬȦ죬ưְȦ⣬Ȧưְּûʲô
СĿȾݼʵǲģ˼Ұ˵Ͳ̫úϷˡưְǸϽˣϷϸˣ֪ҪǸְִһٲ˰ѵġҲȱǮԶưְ־Զưְ֡
ưְȻĵݣÿ궼ƬȥҰְҪɫ
Ȼһ¾ҶδĻ
Ȼһʼ˵Ҫ޸Ҷδưְ趼ǲͬģΪҶδ̫Сˣ̫չ˲Ұģǽ꣬ҶδԼΪưְ裬϶ϲϲ˵䣬͸ˡ
Щԭ򣬷Ǻٺͼϵġ
ţ֣㣬ʲôƬ𣿡
ݣưְָˣưְֵϷʲôԭưְԼҲԲŻ𾪡
ȻǣʲôϷݼòֱӣҪȥϷܰһ⻷ĥˡ
ҰصŮͺˡ
δɫδݼɱöģһǸϷһģǰݡָֻҪ뻹Բ裬Լÿ趼òܿҺöһЩŮܸı䣬ߵ˶ģ˼ҲֻΪϴĸˡ
ȻԼǸԱǣһ㶼ȥϷ
ݸëߣ
ǣҪݼֻҪֵĽɫǵǿԡ
δưְûŮԼҪɫûɫȻǸδҪġҪŮڶԼɷеˣͦοġԼŮ˼Һӵ˶ٰ
úúãڿ϶δõˣ¸ҪϷˣǴǲδģĺŻǿԵġ
ưְҲ֪δԴܲڸŮһɫҲûʲôԵġ˼ŮҲһԼŮģݼҲԣԼû˼Ϸϡ
δһɣưְλŮŮһĥһµġ
䣺
ʲôЦŲҪϷأ
ܾ˵Լû׼Ϸ
㻹׼Ϸ㶼ҵڼЪ೤ʱˣ׼δһֱ㲻ɣưְ̲ס˵Ů
ֻ֣˵ҲϷû˵겻¡
ưְôδûδһȱһ˵İҲ
˰֣ӳȥסɡ
ǲǳʲôˣưְҲɵŮδҪɫǰŮӹ϶ǳˡ
еС£ԼġδסԺˣȥҽԺչ죬ǳڼһ֡
δסԺˣô£Һһȥưְһ˵ŮסԺˣ
𣬰֣Ҳʲô£ǰѳӹȥͺˣǷ硣Ҫ˺ĸ￴ɱδҸضԼǣӰɡ
Ǻðɣʲô¸˵ԼӲ
֪ˣлл֣
䣬ְֻϣѧϧδ⺢ӣܲˡûĸĸĲϣŮҸģֻҶδλưְҲ֪ȶԼŮ
ţһġ
˺ưְֵĵ绰̾˿δһԴ½һЩõϷֻΪԺ㣬ǰͻһҪ飬δɱ¿϶ᱻ˷ֵģ취Բȥ


67 
һص, ˹, ϻδɵˮ, ˡ
裡
ԡһѽСһ裬˶˹Сצӽץ·
ôޱˣߣһ³ıӣЦŮ
ְˣ, ְôûȻһ㶼Ƚףδںϵʱ, ԺҲǳװְ֡
ְ, ҪסԺϢ, ȥ⹫żסòã
Ҫȥְ֣һְסԺˣСǵ, ССüͷȫһ𡣰ְһʹʹ, Ҫȥְָʹʹ
ȥ, ְҪϢȰְֺ˰ְһȥòã
òװѺӺ˯ˣֻñȴʮս, ʲôʱôˣҪ
ڷºӵһ˲䣬ЦһӾͿ, ̫ˡ
Ȼ, ҪӲȷѡɣ, ܽδһͷǳѵˣһҪԺ˵ҪкӵС磡
俴һʱ䣬Ը̵裬鷳Щˡ
ôС㻹ûԹʲô
ɡͲԵģĵġ
ȵ˼ˣȻȥϢԼ⽫Ūòһ㣬ģſʼҽǶȣգ΢
vϹĲˣҸֻϧɵе֣´αˣǳȥ@Ҷδv[ͼƬ][ͼƬ][ͼƬ][ͼƬ]
Ȼ˵ве˵̫ɵˣǣŲˣ˵ǾǣԺǷ޸ܺõģҲںˡ
ȻˣϾʲôżɣҳˣһЩҷ۵ģĵϲҲϲδȻҶδ˿ȴϲ
ƾȻҹˣүͻݣеʲô
ò׵ȵŮ΢ˣأ͹үĺأ
΢˺ˣ
ûĲүôˣ
ʲôеˣҶδڻܸ˳ԣ
¥ϸܾʲô˼ϲƿԲע΢
ſһ΢ۣķ˿Ҫһ㣬αװûͦõģۣҲ֪Щ֪ģ룬֪Ҷδˡ
Լ΢úֵ֪ںŴоͺãµʲô֪
׼˳΢ˣյδİء
ҶδvԲ̫ˣ´һĽŴ@vԭ£[ͼƬ]//vϹĲˣҸֻϧɵе֣´αˣǳȥ@Ҷδv[ͼƬ][ͼƬ][ͼƬ][ͼƬ]
Ҷδ伫΢ϻҪ䲻̫Ը⻥
ڿۣҳܰУ˿Ǹ˷ˣ
໣үˣ
үȣƲ㱿գչүſɰ
үһŮҪȥ۸ĺȡ
ԲУҲֻЩԲз۲ŻȣҶδеҲȣ˺Է޳õĳֵһһ壡
֧¥ϣ䵱껹ݼģڴǱ˽ŮеƮˣΪԼŮݼһûУ΢ϲʲô
ҶδУ˽ŮʲôŮүԲз£
кڷ۵ģȻδĺڷ۸࣬ظһ֮Ժڷ۾Ͷ
ݼʵҶδУ꣬ȷʵûʲôõóֵƷ˵ûôһ΢ϷĶԼȤĶἰҶδ
ÿἰ˿Ƕú
̫ÿζᵽżСӵʵõͼ޸ҶδҶδᣬԼҵڽģ˽飬ʵٶΪԷһЩ
ôͽӣȦҲǺټģԣǵķ˿ţһ氮
ڷ۵Ļ䵹ҲǺ⣬ǡ
ֱһ绰δǱ߼ӵ绰
䣺ǣȻû˯͵ĵ绰İɣ
㲻Ӧ˯ˣôظˣӵ绰
㲻ڣ˯šδί
䣺鶼׺˯ˣ
˯̫ˣһȥ˯δƺˣϽ֤
šúϢ壬һȥ档
𣿡δд˷ܣǺ㡣
δظ˵绰⻹װԼˣδſϹҵģȻ֪Ҫĵʲôʱ
ڴϵʱ򣬾úۣŴһ죬͸о˺ö顣
δܸŮôȣáԭľУС̹ɱȻҲûɣȴ֢һʱ˶ǳǷϣҲûй
С̹ջҧΪԼŮǸʱҲѾ䳹˰ɣ
С̹ԼϷˣе˼Ͷ뵽ԼҵУԼʱ򣬱ֻˡͣҲǸ壬С̹ԼݼĥҲڿྡȦЩá
С̹ԽԽãȴԽԽԸԼĸĸͿʼС̹ҪѣС̹Ҳûоܾ͸Ϊ黹ΪӣС̹ܾҪ
ȻС̹ధ䶼ԸټŮһ档
Сʱ򣬼ʹڰְ֮ҶҲÿ춼ŰְֿģСŮǡְҲû˵ְæûʱ䣬Ҷ֪ġ
ΪԴ̣ҶҲ˽ûаȫ
Ҷ֪УĲԼԼ·ǸһְҪǮĽڡְҲ˸Ǯ֮⣬ῴ
ҶԽԽᣬøһֻҶδҪǮĸŮ͸ѪһҶδԽԽϢҶδΪĸŮһӶûٻ飬ʮ͹ˡҶδĸŮҲԽԽ
Ұ˵ӣˣ˸ˣưְ趼ˣֻʣҶһСС;ѧˡǰǿҶδţʲôᣬֻܿ壬ҰģƤǮȻŮʹ
Ȼ޴ֶ񶾣ôŮĶأҲһŮĿСѡ
еҶԶְ֪жమ
ʹ䲻׼ҶδҶҶδŮĴδٹÿҶյʱһ顣ȻÿһεĴ𰸶ʧɻǻҹĲ˯ȵ賿12ʱ򣬵һŮףŮ֪
ҶҲ֪ҶδֻһŮҲδٻôŬϷΪŮԺҸǵӡְһֻӵһ֧ļͥ
䲻֪ҶδǷģ
δİɣһΣһúñġҶδܵĿ࣬Բٳһεġ


68 
ڶȥҽԺȥЩˣһƿ, Ϳδ۾ô, ſ
䣺
㼸ģſ˼Сʱˣ
俴δ۾ﶼѪ˿, ֪쵰ԵԼܾˡ
ûҲûáδС顣
࣬ûã, ҲСʱɡشδĻѻ
񣡡
δû뵽, ǰǺܲϲ𣿸Ը˵֡ôСˣʲôʱ򻺺͵ģ
ǿܰϢ, ôϢģţ
δĲ, ֱӰԼİϡ
, ҡҲǲĻ, ֻǡֻǡ
δżȥץ֣ȴϵĽֵָָϣһʽΪ򵥴Ľָ, ȴǵĻ䡣
δһӱòҰףǡʲô˼
ֻʲôҲˣҪ쵰ˣͲúϧһԼ
δǴûзӦ, ֻǿĽָ, ̶̵ʱ, ðͷ, ӿһɾ޴ĿֻšǡҪԼᣬֻǡΪסΪһ˿˿Σ
δĻˣ֪ԼôźãһͷǾԲܷ֡һҪĻԼʲô
δֻԼӶҪըˣΧһз·ˡһĸоôѹѹȥһ̣δԼҪˣϢĸоˡ
δ˵ѽôˣ
佫һԼнָɶԵĽָδǰ˻ΣûκεķӦȻͿδһѪɫĴȫȾˡ
δ
䶼ˣôҲû뵽δѪëȻҲˡ
Ͼϸ磬ִϡҲܴҪѪܲ˵ġ
伱Ҫȥҽȴδһץס½ǣȴż־
ҪҡҪԡ
ϹʲôתδԴһ߶԰˵ȥһҽҵ
ʱŷӦδȻѪˣΪӾϲŻֳѪأδǰҲûëôһΣѪëˣ
ȥҽѿռܴķޡ
㵽׻Ҫ˵飬Ҳ᲻ҪġΣȷ⵽δԼĿֻţΪҶδӰ죬δŻôûаȫС
㲻ϲĻҲ˵ˡ뿪ҡδƵġ
ûвϲδϣܸһΡɿδָδǰٴοڣҳǰкܶطòԣûаȫСҲϣҰǵĻŪˡ
ȻŪǸָû˼𣿡
δԼĻ䣬СġΪϧ⣬ŻŪİɣʲôʱ䶼úúõģŪˡ
Ҿû䶪Ǽ£ǰһУӦȴˡ
㻹Ҫңδּ
˵꣡ץδļ侲һ㡣Ӧһ԰ѻ˵δһֱҲǸ¡
ȥҴδ㣬δ¿ʼɣ佫ָٴηδǰҲԸһ¿ʼĻժ»䣬Ҹöָ
Ǹҵģδؿ䣬ִؿеĶԽ䡣
ţϹģҪ𣿡
ҪһΣδĻشûκεĳɡԥժ»䣬ȻԼ޳ָ쵽ǰΪָ
֮ҪΪжҪҲΪ󣬶Ϊ塣˵Ҫ¿ʼµĽָԺҪöָͲǻˡ
ΪԼϽָδЦˣǳǳУرɰҲر⣬δЦݣƺ˵úܺá
ҽˣΪȥԽָˣϹ롣ʱܶĻĥһ¾籾ǾھҪΪδ滮ˣδкʵһֱԼĻ»Ǻ첻ˡ
һΪ
Ϊʲô
ΪҪʰ뿪߰Ҷʰʰӳȥأ
ӡҲǷġ
ô¶޽ͷ
δһѪͦ˵ģΪĽᣬҽʱһⶼûУδܺãټһȷûⶼԳԺˡֻϵˣҪú
δĹϵѾôˣ²Ҫ飬Ƿˡ
ʱǵصý壬ڲ²Ҷδɱ顣Ȼûĵգ䵱ʱӦѸ٣ɾֲ̫ƬҲ˵һЩˡ
ְܶý嶼ǿԿͼ˵ģƬ˵аۣ·Լһ㡣
û뵽Լʣĵڶˡ
#Ҷδɱ#
#ҶδƸҪ飬Ҷδܲ˴̼ѡɱ#
#һ׺ѪˮΪ˭#
##
ʵεѰԣģûĻҲδƻܲҡ
ԼˣЩȻǴܳϡ
ŮȻҷۣҲ׵ģǡܿ£Ҳ˵ʵͦᾭӪģ˼Ļ
Ҷδķ˿ȻЩְҥˡ
Ϸܰ΢δѺõĻˣǳҪӣĳˣδôܻԣôĻظ䡣
УάҲУ飬ò˿ʼͬδȻҲ˾δܡ
Щѡǲȥܡ
Ȼĳ˵ģǡ䵽ҲֻǾ죬ԸҲ֤ݣ϶ֻҪδһģԳ飬ϾǼٵġ
飬붼룬δȢ˭δҲ飬ҲΪһҥΨһܱµģֻδɱ顣
仹ǾδݼϷǹȥ䲢δһﲻ֪᲻ֶˡ
ûδģδ֪ˡ
û뵽ưְֱֻɱҽԺˡ
֣ôˣ
˵ôͻȻδôãչΪɫǲ˶Բδ飿
ưְĶŭԼŮЩģ˵ÿܶġδôˣҪԲ˼ҵ顭ôŮûطˡ
֣ҡ
֣ûԲҵ飬û죡
ưְ䣬δǵһʱվ˳ǰδһֱúܺá
˵ҧ촽һ̵ģ俴ӡòѾ֪侫˰ɣδǺ̵ģҶδǰɱ£͸Ρ


69 
ҪһûԲ, ϻᴫ÷ģҸýɫưְǲŮʲôû, һδܺ, Щ飬飡
ҪʲôûΪʲôסԺˣ
ýɫΪ˽ɫδתͷ䣬۾ģ˿ʲô
ԡ졣˵ֱӣͶδ, ʵ뷨
δ俴һ
ҺܸˡδͻȻЦˣٴưְֽ͵, Բ, ǰ̫ųˡΪ䲻뿪ҲŻһʱ벻, ⡣Ҳ֤ԺҲųΪˣٸһλᡣ
㡭ưְĲ֪˵ʲô, ±ԼŮ, ôǸ֤˶δ
δ, Ҳһֱˣ㿴䶼߳ʲôˣ
֣ȢӦöѽδ˵ֻõļ, ưְֵܼᶨ
ĺˣԺҲġ˳һδԴС̹ϲδĹ˳, Ȼ, żССƢʲô, ҲǺܽ⡣
ưְҲˣԼŮŮֱβ
ưְóһ籾ݸ䣺ǸɫδŮѡɫһ飡
֣ǰɣҲ롭
㲻δĽɫҲûˣԼưְ˵궼䷴Ӧʱˡ
˵ͷ⡭俴ưְ˺󾪴ˣôǿһһģʲôϷϷ
䣬һϷ͵ΪҺòãǴδһݹϷδıЩʧ䡣
ҲϷؼûݼĲһҲˡլڼﲻ
ΪҲ𣿡
δÿ䣬·ǿ͹
䣺
ܺð쵰ûָѾˣȵĶˣֻ䱾
аɡЩ꣬ưְҲúܣҪ治ͬ⣬ͷܰδĽɫߣˡ
ԭΪδǼµȶȻҪ죬ڶʱ򣬾ͻѾûʲôϵδɱϢˡ
֣Ϣôɢô죿Щ֡
ְֳѹȥģδ²š
Ҿò̫ܣҰֻǸݣеҲڴˣûǮôѹȥЩۣͻȻתͷδ˵СӣòʲôĳܳĴүɣ
δ
ˡδЦá
ҪǮ˼ҵĺӣ㻹𣿡
СҲû㡭ڴһ䣬Ȼ󲹳ԣʵҲǮҲˣֻҪһĻϾԱҲϲ˵ûݼüЩ˵졣
ð˵Ļһ쵽ġ
δЦԴϽָ֮ԽԽЦˣ˶͸һŵζ֮ǰȫһ
Լû뷨
ֻҪһ𣬾͹ˡ
δƺϲƣӱţܵΪš
δ˰µĶ磬ֻÿ췹ɨһ·䡣ԼǲԸģòóԣδҲ᲻մȾζδԼֻûãû취
µĶ̫ˣǶʱ䡣ÿһ𿴿飬磬δ籾ڼլ˰£Ҳûȥô˶ùܡѵõĶ磬Ƕϧ
ȵºѳͻʱ˲ʶѾǽˣŮˣȻδһһģֲ˼ġ
ٴξãŴĻԼҲûʶԼΪģ˭أԼϸ磬˻ʵۣȻûɻϧˡ
ְ裡
ֱδģϾְܱ
δȻŮžתȦȦĵδ˺üڡ
ôʱ䶼ӳæʲôأ
赹û뵽һ𣬻ŬˣϾδˡ
һʣδͺˡ£ƺûɹʲô¡
δˡشĲġ
ôشδ͸˼ˣϵˣʵõòˣ˰̺۶ѡܺһĶ磬ԡûŮӻ̬ôĸǰ˵
裬Ҷˣʱˡδܸмչ˳
Լˣɶ಻ģ⺢ӣҲûչţҪʵæӾͽչһʱˣдʱ仹Ƚɡ
ôУ㹤Ҳæģôһֱ
ˣ裬չˣҲæδĻͻȻ뵽һػδһǳҪԼ߰
㲻æҪδһ飿ֵؿ䡣
Ҳһ顭ͷҡø˹һġ
Ϸ
䣬ӦҪһⲿϷģҰǡһ˵䲻飬δͼˡΪͲⲿϷˣΪĺһݲϷ
û˵ⲿ磬治һʱ顭
ⲻ˵ģŲҪôأһˣǴŮҲȥϷá
иҪ֡
δ죬ȥģȻҪˡưְֿҪߣס
֣ҵĽɫҪкڲϷݣûô飬ʱŮһǳõĽˡ
ѡһϷݸĽɫûҪѡŮš
ֻҪ俪ڣŮưְֶԸŮģŮͶʷָѡû취
ҾŮͦõġ
ⲿӰһƬŮŮħ̽Ů֮עŰ
δݵǸͲеСʦܣɵĳΪϲŮΪŮԹ޻ڣٻһŮϣŮƽվŮϣŮһܻͷ
һԹ޻ڵɫֽɫһ㶼ǱɫɡҲôľȫȫΪŮжɫСʵǸԪꡣ
ѡŮɫĴʦ㣬ǳ˧һŮҲɵϣ
ѡɫûԭҪΪɫϷ٣˧ᣬקһǴϷŮɴ򣬷ͺˡ˴ϷҲֻкСʦദһЩСˣϷݲࡣ
ϷٶһǴϷΨһҪĶδбʺϵĽɫ
ȻûУ
ڿɫʱѾȷˡ
δѡɫȻЩźھʱ̫٣ǳŮɫΨһܽӴŮˣδãƺҲͦġ
ֻһȽϽ⣬ʦ㡭ǽ㣡һҪǿأ


70 
δ˾, 仹ͦĵġ
, ŮĶ
ʵ˰, ̫ϲһģܾûãʱһԼġȻô룬еԲδ
俴ų˸ŹâҪʼŮŶ, ǽ̵Ůˣ
裿һЩɣΪʲôýЩŶ
, ûرѧĶѭѭ, һҪŮһ˲ţʮȫˣŮûϵ, Ů
ԭеҶܿʵҪǿǮһϸŮ, Ϊһзħ, Ѫ, ְֺ˵ûʲô𣬶ֻѪĹ˶ѡ
һ˵ҶԼ, ǵŮڿ
һ㡭£Ҳ֪Լۣǲ, ᲻СѰ
ûУСʮֳʵػشԼ⣺, Ҿ档
ѧϰʲô˼, ȻҪ棡
Ŷ˽⣬Ȥ棡Ǻãȥ档
裬˵𣿡
һӾ˷СӶǰģοҶδͬΪǣŮȥʱĲࡣСһǰ棬һϲĸţȻְֲЩźȥ棬óǳĿġҪһ濩
裬Ұ㡣ϰһڡ
ţҲ㡣΢ЦŮϣ컹ô衣
ڶһʰԼһһ󱳰ŮһСһСͦġ
裬Ǵôණ𣿡
ţЩ첻ؼˣȥ档
ȥҪʽУڳ˵湻֮ǰؼˡ
ϹڼңӦôŮȥˡ
̫ˣˣ
˷ܵöְٻȥεģһĳȥ棬Ҳȥȥ԰԰ѡ
֮ǰҪӦ輸ŶûҪ˵ǰ棬ϾⲻһεسȥУδڼңúúùܹŮˡ
ŮԽԣԷ裬ǲûûܱ˵Ůڻҵ
Ӧʲôѽ
ڳ֪ĺһڵ
ŮҪСץ
һԼĶԼãԡ佫ССƸǳȥеʱҪԼá
Сһ£漴ͱҪȥϲø嵭ˣԼþԼá
õ衣
ڶޡеʱҪűҲ˺ܶණָһԼĴ󱳰ʹ䡣ûж㣬ҪԼߡˤҲҪޣȻҲûá
Ųأ
˵⻰ʱȻû뵽ʲô
ܺãȻĺŮʲô趼棬浽㾡Ϊֹ
浽Ϊֹ
С̰棬޷ǾĲˣξͲѹų棬˵档ѧϰҲųѧϰǳԼҪԲǿŮѧʲô
ôһ衣
ţ˭Ҳû˵Ͼ飬֪ˣ϶ͬġ
ŵĵһ죬ǸŵСһǳĿġҪȥ԰棬ŵ֮Ǿ԰һ죬һ졣
ʲôĿ䶼һֱ棬Լ˵ͣԲͣ
ʼͦĵģʱ䳤һֱͬһĿе˷ˡҪʹĿȻһ仰˵ؿ棬ȵһκͣ
ʵͨ飬ó֪ʲôǽơ
ͻ̫С˵Ҫƣʵǲġʵڻ̫Ҳסġ
԰һ죬ҲǰһˣҲаְֹֹʼʱǺ˷ܵģһ浽ʵǲˣҲ治ˡ
裬߰ɣˡ
ǳһ˵ˡ
ûųؾƵ꣬ζٺ˯ϴ֮󣬳Լܿ˯ˣšˡ
ڶһ磬ͰѳˣΪҪϷɻ
ȻҲëֻҪ룬
裬Ҫɻ𣿡
šų緹ʰ֮󣬽СС佻˳ʵЩᣬҪԼ
ЩСҲûʲôһɻǺ˷ܵġ
Ȼȵɻ֮˷ܸоʧˡ
ûλɻǾۡ豧費ûбСһԼߡ
裬Ҫʼǰʱ򣬰ְ趼С֪Чͻһֱá
ǰһֱЧķһȴһöûС
һʼǼٿ޵ģֻվһԾؿɫĮ˷ɻһİĳУһ㶼ˣԭǼٿޣŵһӴ
һޣ˶˹СӿҳĲûк壬һԿţ·˵ǴǴġ
䲻ȥվһԿųޣ޹Լͣȵˣһ¾ܴﵽԼĿĵʱͲǿˡ
СĸһҲõģɵȵأ˿ɲ㣬޾Ϳȥɣ˭ˣ
䲻ϲͿˣ³ֻһŮӣŮҲӦöͿޡ
ŮӿԳţ˵ŮӾһǰ޵ˣ
֮ǰӦĻǺ䣬һ˵޵øˡ
·˹Ȱ䣬庢ӡֻǿһˣܿ˵һǸȻԳڣ˼֣ϲҪӰ쵽ˣĵһ顣㿴˼Ұ̹˵ˡ
·ˣ
庢ӣû˵ӳҰ۵СŮ޵öİ⵱Ҳ̫ˡ
·˵˼䲢ûнյΪԼˣҲλ·ûó϶˾óġ
ǳȫȥκλԽԽģĲˡ
ҪޣС㣬Ҿˡ
裡Ҫ˲ӣˣҲҴޣֻСҭš
ͰһԵţȵڿ޹ˣŰ˲ᣬᱧһŮȻְССƵ
ԼԼԼõġ
˵ҲŮһ顣ԼŵҪͲҪ׳ŵ
ĵһӦޣǿĮ֪ԼҲûá̧һ۾ˮСš
˶һĻʵûô裬ĺôݵģļҵĺӲǱģôݵ裬ǲˡҲӣ˾ãǸݽɫ


71 
ôµʱ, ߱ĴúɽҲԭһ۷۵СŮ, Ҳ, ͬʱҲüǿˡ
ԭĳҲ˵ǺÿޣΪǿԽܶģԲ˾ޣԴﵽԼĿģڲһ, Դ֪ûκЧ֮󣬳ͺٿ, ΪûöҿԼҲۡ
, úú, ܶ鶼ܽȿ˺á
ʼӦ, ɰ, Ҳͦõ, ǰϲһҪʲôֱӸ˵, ÿҲòҴţҪ˵ֻҪҲ㡣
ԸǱĬбԽԽ, ҲԽԽ㡣
Ůı仯, Ů, Ӧǽκģ޲ú˵ҽİ취
ѧĶ𣿡
˴£⻰ʱ򣬳񵱳ˣֻҪͿˡֹ棬ÿһ浽£ڳѾǺˡ
ͷԼСԴһ£Ҫѧʲô
Ҫɻ
˼֮˻ش
뵱Ů𣿡俴һŮûΪŮ뷨ЦȻΪһŮҪлѵö࣬ԸҲʵֲ˵ġ룬ȵѧҪɿһ㡣Сʱ˵Ҫѧҵ˶ǣϾûгɹġ
ԣ뷨ĻǾͳŬɡ
Ů룬ȫֵ֧ģҪΪ˸ŬϣĿԼȥʹֲȥΪ븶ŬҲϣԲ
Ů˵ÿģûиδǲδϷġʱδھĽҲǳĴ󡣴һʼưְڻϿһNGˡ
δǺʺϷģֻҪܳġЩ꣬ȥ̫
ȫ֧δҵͳģ磬ԼôҪҲʲôӰ졣
ܺãδϷݾ͵ˣȻȥϢһ°ɣưְֶδӻ֣ŮûƷϷ⣬⼸꣬˰
ллݡʱδǲưְְֵģȻ˶֪ƵŮҲ֪ǿϵġ
ҶδԴʵǲô飬ҲͻȻʶƵŮôֵĴȣҲ֪ΪʲôǰѵΪ֮ǰ뿿ţҪš
ôδҲԽĿ಻ԼλãȦ첻áҲ˼δģȢһţôĸӡ
ԭۺδھӲù
ưְֵŮ˶δǲֵ̫ġδԼЩ˵̬ҲǺ⣬ʵϣЩˡ
ȻδԽԼԼˣͦõģĵԽԽģֻûбѡںֻ䣬ŻŮúϷýһпУԼݼġմﵽĿ꣬Ӧûܿİɣ
δž͸˸绰ֻû˽ӣ΢ϢҲû˻أĵ绰Ҳû˽ӣδЩˡ֪ǲǳʲô飬룬ҲֻŮǳˣ΢ٵһȡ
ǵδ籾Сʱٴ绰û˽ӵʱⲻżˡ
δôˣδɫ̫ѿˣưְ·ʱ̲ס˳
֣ٻؼһˣ
ǲˣưְҲ֪δĸԣôżģ϶ԼıŮ
Ҵֻͼ绰û˽ӣϵҵ¡
һ˵Ҳʲô£ڼҺúõĴźܳʲô£δǾв
ȱ̫żˣȹȥһ£ϵˣٻȥҲȽԶϻȥҲ㡣
ãǾҪ鷳ˡ
δҲ֪ưְ˵ö飬ֻܵĸϢˡȻڶ죬ĸﴫϢ䲻ڼңڼҡ
δҲסˣ˼پͻؼˣȻŵʱ򣬷ﶼʼˣȻжʱûסˣȻڣûźӣֻδÿյģϢ
ǲ뿪ˣŮˣҲˣ־޴Ŀ־ΧδЩ
δֱӱˣûҪþһµġ֪䵽Ҷˣϵˡ
δϵ䣬δϵʱ䲻
δõķԹˣڵûô취һ£ջǲһ롣
㾹Ȼ绰ˣôͨˣ
ҸǸġδ䣬Ҳܵ͡
ŶʲôʱǱߵƺһ㶼δѡ
һµʱ䡣
ȻˣǺαػҪһ£
û׼ȥǵĶԼҲһ䡣
δǺ䣬ֻȴԽԽ
δıˣǸŮ˻еõģû뵽ھȻôţҸô˵ˡǱߵƺͦ˼ģЦ
˵ص㣬ӡδñ˵һ㲻õġ
һ¸үү˵ģͬͬ⿴үү˵ҵ绰ˡ
ȵȣҲϢδҵ绰֮ǰϽԼҪ˵˳
һΪҪҲˣû뵽ΪǸŮˡôܰ˸ضˣ
ٷϻֻҪ˵ͺˡ
úúãƣδϣүүôֱ׳
δ˵绰԰һ㣬ȻǱϵҲ֪ԼӦúܿͿϢˡ
ȻܿʹϢʲôϢ
ͳĺ࣬ʧˡ
ôӣ
ʱδǾģȴʲôˣֻܵţš･ģƺʲô
ڣδ֪˶ãյһϢ
䣺ģǰȫ½ˣ绰㡣
Ϣδһ롣
Ȼĺܽ˵Ҫδصĵطһֱ
Ҳ֪˶ãδˣһضſţúδ߶ϡ
㡭ôֵط
һ㶣Ҫδһϲģû뵽
δһ仰û˵һǰס䣬ؽڻ
´γȥˣǵøҡ´һҪңδɳƣҲ
ѵÿС̹δȻôǿƵʱҲûͷԴð
δҪ䣬ȴһѵסˣӣȥһΣѿˡ
㾹ȻңδʮίôģҪĺӵ⡣ҪΪ
šе㡣Ҳѿĺˡ
δ
ְ֣Ǻѿһ
δ
ðְֱ


72 
δŮʱ, ŷŮľ޴仯, Щ, ֪ôڵģȻŮӡҡŮȻˣ
ְ֣㻹ȹικϴɡСδšеˡ
ְֻǺÿģ˺еɣϲɸɾİְ֡
Ů˵Լкѿδܿȥϴκ, ҲǸҪӵˡ
δϴʱҲŮϴ, ˯ȥˡڵĳ, ˯Ҫ˺, Ҳϲͯˣϲ˼Ĺ, ڷɻĹ¡
µŮ, СС;ѾʼΪŬˡԴ, ʾο
ȵδϴʱ򣬿ֻһ, ̲סס䡣ղŮǰ˼̫ȣֻʣˣҲƲסԼĸˡ
ܸоδĲ, ƺŵδ, תδ˺һŷſ
, Ҳ뿪ġ
ôʲôң֪֪ҵ֪ʧķɻϣҵ඼ҪֹͣˡδϢЩȣҪ˵ԼĵģôҪˡ
Ҿ㵣ģԳȥûиġҪѧңµģҲһϹ¿ġ
ʱ䷢Ҷδ˵һ£δ˫ۣδû뵽ܺݵôŮĽʽҲɷԡ
δڶҪȥˣϾϷܳʱôһΣδճˣ˵˺ܾòδš
߰ɣҴӦ㣬ȥ̽ġ
õ̽ĳŵ֮δˡ
δߣưְ־ʹ绰ȥ顣
֣ƭңҵϷݻأȻϷ籾ǿ˵ģưְƭ
ɫǸŮϷȻ࣬϶ǴϷǰûݹװϷûѹϷǿܲˣǰѵһ¡
ưְʵ治ϣݴʦɫŮԼĵȻۣɫĴϷǿ̫ˣûо飬һˡźδ¶ܲˡ
֣еģң
Ҳ㲻ԼöôôͣδưְҲŮأͺ
δҲƭƭˡ
Ȼôȥ飬ưְ̫ˣȥưְּʶһ£ãҲ͵Ǹδ̽ˡ
ڶδϷݻͦģڻױδԼϵĺ˿ڷ㶡ϵȥģδ⿪ҪϷ
δϵ˿ʵѾõòˣֻһǳǳ˿ڣעͲ˿˹
׹˿ڣδ뵽ЦпԪҲƯ
ӴҶδһ˼ԼһҲЦӣ
ԳⲿϷжҲ׷䣬û׷ڿδ׷С̲סҪ۸һ¡δⳤ࣬ž۸۸Ҳᷴģ
Ȼ˵ôҶδҲʲôӦ
ж߽˼δԼϵ˿ڿж˸ӳЦҶδҿ㲻СģȻ
ж˵žҪδϵ˿δһӶ㿪ˡ
δж΢΢üü֪˶̫ƣҲǺ⡣֮ǰȷʵ̫ãҲȥǣֻúⲿϷưְ鷳
Ӵˣû뵽ҲƢ˵⻰ŮͶʷˣǸСڷ˿ǰǽοˣʵϣƢܲ
ŮƯǽְˣҶ鲻˲ӣδһδΪԼ˾ӦúŮ˱־룬ԳϷбҪĽӴŮԶԶģ·ڶһ㡣
ǱźŵģδΪôŭŮδĳܷģжδ鷳Ҳֵһδ
ǸδܶѿʱδûʲôӦϷʱ鶯δ·ǸƯľżһ㣬ھ飬Ƿ
ҶδĴźܶ࣬ҶδĸܶǲģÿǺÿϧӲôá
ڣǸƢһõ·ûƢδȻˡ
̫ĵŮ˼
δϵŵĺ˿һŮ˵Ķ
ҶδԷޣȻЩ˻ΪģޣȦ˴֪ҶδǸʣͲô
δڶж˿ȴû뵽һӱŮϵ˿ˡ˿δǵǳǳ˿ڣҲر¶ǰ
ӴҶδ֮ǰд˵Ҫ飬ɱԭѽ
Ů˵žҪץδ󣬶Χ۵ˣЩжģҲ²ؼԹ۵ġʱûһ˻δ˵ϾͷµŮжܣôܣ
δ񽥽ֻЩĵ˶ѣɺԵģǶ˿ˡ
ǣ
δЩΪ޴ΪһЩۣžһŮݺһ⡣
㣡㾹ȻҴң
ŮĵһӦַ̧ȥ飬û˸ô˵ͬʱߺ޵ĿҲˡȴû뵽ԼһӾͱץסˣȻһĵۣŮԼҪˡ
ۣ֣
֣ЦЦ
㡭֪֪˭Ҵң
Ҳ֪˭֪ղϹҵˣҲģ
Ҫִᣬֶһݡ
δˣŮƾʲôδָҳЦ
䣿Ůֵؿ䣬һû뵽侹ȻͻȻ֣û뵽侹ȻôδǸ鲻Ҫ
ңɿŮ֣ǳЦݣ죬˵ҳ죿飿Ϲɱò֤ݣҲ⽫ϷͥǷ̰ǵȨ
˵ҲŮһ˵ĻȺڣΪôΪŮҪδôʱʲô֣ΪڴС
䣬֪֪ʲô³
ʲô³Һ뿴
ŮнصĲǳʣһӰѣԼǮͶʣûҪδί
䣬䣬δϵȫˣҲƽʱҼһľګӣ۾ƺŹ⣬˶鶯
ھ춼۸ô˵üûΪԼδˡ
ӦҪ̽ġδһԼգգ۾һίӣԼָ׻ϵ˿ڡ
Լȥ˲棬Ҫۡ
ͬʱ俴ĽǶȣŮһۣһֳƵ
ǣڣʱȷһ롣


73 
δʲô, Ҳʲôñ۸ˡ
ûǸ, , ڣȻǼǺŮǡҶ͸Ķǣ
δôŮǻжŵùˣϲˣ
δ, ÿѪһӾŭˡòչ˺õ, ȻŪˣ
δ, δһ˵, ȻҲֲ˶٣ǡҶδҲûô, ôָӣ
δĶ, Ůǵȴޱȡ
ûС̫Ϭ, ŮҪûͷˡȻعһ롭
ޣҶδ˱ͲŪģʲô
ŮҪһ£֤Լ, ʵϣѹȻ̫ˣŮǷԼס
ŮǴΪԼ, Ͼ¼, Ǻܶǰ, ôܱȵùȻʱ˿̣ŷ֣ʱ򣬾Ȼη
Ǹޱ飬Ҳǳ䡣
ûŮǺܲʵؿڡ
Ǹ
ǰһ˵棬Ůˣо俴Լڿһ˵˵һ룬˫ողֹǵ֣ġ
Բ𡭡Ů˵⻰÷ǳĳ裬Ȼδûδеȫϡ
ϹȻŮˣΪԼŭʱϵһʹʵ㲻ʲôܿŮˣδܿġ
ĵǸϵ㡭
һתͷͿδԵؿԼ˳һδԴɵӣ
ҶδԲ𣡡ŮǲǺģͬʱҲڰģܵ裬һӱȥģ
ôʲôɲ⣬Цݶ⣺֪δС㵽ڵǸ
Ůǣ
浱ҶδС𣿻С
δ
ԣҵСС
δһҲӵ裬ԸҪǸеķӦⶼ⡣
ŮһǸ˰˱飬ˡδԱ߿ţһ߿ˣһСΪ˿ڡ
ʵǵС˿ڶѣδһֱڰʹͲѪˡ
ѵŮǣֿжţŲ̵Ц
ơ䣬ʲôжſ䣬ԼϲŮˣ֪ΪʲôȻһ˿־ĸо
ôܣԼŮҲǹȥʽˣô£
жŬҪ߶ϣȻʧˡ
㡭ղųЦδʲôţ˵Ҽδкˣʲô
һ߽жţÿ߽һжž;ѹһ㡣ɢƺѹȻ̲סҪµĳ嶯
ôܣֻǸСŮˣԼôֿЦ뷨ж˦˦ԴԼǷˣôܻ뷨
֪Լô𣿡Ѿߵжŵߣ׼иһʱưְֹˡ
䣡ʲô
֡ջԼϵǿѹȻתɫҾδǸѡǳЦδ
һӾͱˣ·Ǹڸ״ССŮһ㣬һӾˡ
ղŲӵģ
Ŀһһɨˣ˶˵ˡ
ˣǸʲô˵Ҫˣ
ưְִҲ֪ʲôˣЩ飬Ҳ˵
˶ױλĿʽʼȻһʼˡ
δѹϷˡ
Ůȫû뵽ԼᱻδѹϷȻֻǸСδҪһ꣬δҲʲôӰ۴󿧣ñӰ쵽ŮǸӾ߳ܡҶδһݼˣȻѹϷ
һϷ״̬δɢȫͬˣ˵ĸоСʦܣ飬ȴеȫѹŮǣŮƵƵʣһͷżʮκưְ̲סʼˡ
㵽ô£治ĿԹʱ䲻ֵǮҵʱ䶼ֵǮ𣿡
ǸŮģһͶʷˣưְѾܿˣһֱNGͷҪǮŮԱѾֹݼˣ̬У̬Ҳ
ŮԱԴ˾飬δܹ裬һ̲סҪˣҪԼĽ绰ߡ̫ɶˣֲĴҶδǣ⻰ʵ˵ڣҶδѹϷ˵ȥ
δ㣡
ưְֿδȴ֪ôˡ
δѹϷȷʵӦãڶʱݼӲ嵽ڿѹϷݣδĽֻˣƾԼʵѹϷģǡϾϷδԼŮҪԵƫ̻δһ㡣
Բ𣬵ݣҲԣϷΪղŵıݷʽʣû뵽ʦӲסϷĶԲ𡣡
ưְֻûδϴ̬޿ޣϷĲ˵ŮܽסδϷ˫ϷֳЧһǳŮǽӲסǾ͵ıѹˡ
ŮǻǼ򵥵ıѹƣ̨ʶǲסˣδѾеӰ쵽̬ˡ
ȥú÷ʡһ£ϷˣǱߣ
δһϴưְû취ⷬòƹǫĻҲŮǸѿ
ҶδҵţŮǾδߵʱ򣬶ݺݵؿڡϷ˵δȿ۵ӣһΣŮȻˡ
ǣҾ͵ˡ
δŮЦЦ˵ķ̡δǸС̹ģ˿֪̿Ϊζһ˿ĵĸоŮǵһҶδֵֹġ
δûЦ꣬ͱ˻Լ
û´쵰Ȼָˡ
úܿģϲŭ
ţ䡭δգһ˫޹ۿ䣬ģǸһˮĵ۾ܿɰδˣȴʲôɰˡȻǰȴǸ
쵰ڻҪװǸϷ
δûлָ䣬ԲŮǵزģѹϷʲôģһͲС̹顣
ղˣǲԼŪãδϲŰëһҪˡֱδ߳ģŭ
δͨ壬Ϲڵġ
䣬ǸŮŪãδգգ۾һҪ޳ģȴ²ţ־ǲܻʲô嶼ˡ
Ŷ𣿡仹иһĶưְֿȥˡ
ưְָδ䣬֪˵ɶˣעһӰ죡
δĸԽԽã׵ȻǺοǡڹأͲܿһ㣿
ȥٸˡȻǶݺݵضôһ仰ȴʲôûδ֪᲻öʲôЦݸá
䣬ȹһΣЧãѵһ¡


74 
ԼŮ, ưְ־ûô, Ѿͷ͵, Ҫ΢Ŭһ, ɾôֻһ㣬ǡְֵˣСʱ˭˵Ů, һȦǶġڿڵģ
֣ò, ҿ϶ЧáЧܲ, һ㶼浶ǹɵģĸϷҪǣ׸
Ƶưְһý˳, ˼δ֪ӣѾͷôһ㶼֪ӡ
ûҪ˭֪Ұˣתͷȥһۣ˵԰ɣ
ǣ
ңʲô֪
㡭Ƶưְֲ֪˵ʲôãֻظһ顣
õİ, ûİ֣
ưְ֣
аְ֣
ưְֱ״Σǳɵغһְ֣
ưְ֣а
, Űˡδ䲻֪ôƤȥưְ, ֻùȥȰһ¡ûϷ, 뿴Ϸ
ʲôŰ, ˵ʵ
ޱ˵Щ, ϲС
ȻδͳһӣժϵĹ׹ϡǸ׹֮ǰ͸δĽָ
δĺָܿţϷʱҪժ£ҲҪҸӹڲϣµˡ
δôںԼҲܸˣȻûʲôʾδȴӵҲԼֻ˽ָ֣һδġ
ȥװױôʦ·ʱʵһˡ
ĳƫ崿ģҲδݹװ磬дδĳ໻ϹװôƮƮ
ưְֿŮİ࣬ͷţѾͷӦöĹװ磬׵Ҫ˺Ůġ
δ䣬۾һգգģ治ϣƿ㡣
δ䣬˵ԵʵϾһ飬һμʱ򣬾֪ԼϲȻԽԽദܶĵ飬ĹҲԹ޹ȴδڹ֪ûĲŻʱܸˡԭеⶼܼ򵥣ֻҪŮһľͺˡ
ľҲ޷ֿˣֻ
δЦЦݷǳÿ
ʲô⣿
֪δЦݣ׼ʲô˵顣
㡣δ䣬ЦݸӲãз·ġ
䣺Ҳ뱻ƣ
ˣҪϷˣ
ĵⳡϷǺԴаƲȻھԵ趨Ů˼ƺᱻԵһħһŮ⣬Ǵʦ㡣
ʦǸһŮ֮ˡΨһЩˣҲֻʦСʦˡܺϵŮˣҲֻдʦˡ
ʮְħȻǷ֣ʱͰƾȻҪǿöࡣǺŮǲһûݼģСݼѾǺܺõˣû뵽Լرѹס
䣬ʲô
ưְҪˣŮŮҪʲôǷ޻׼ѹϷɣ
ʲôҲûҲίԴƣ򶷵ʱȻؾйˣҲܹ
һίģưְһ£ݼȻҲУԶԶδﵽܹѹϷǵĵزǡ
״̬ãݣһΡȷʵƸѹˣʱԲܳϡ
ֻܳưͿҪԼǸ
ٴκԴϷʱԼϵƣǿϷĴϷ̫ƯˣƮݣһǳɣ̬·һŮվ˵ǰ
ǵǣ˵ĸоĻɣڿתתȦẦ£ܻսࡣ
ݣǵһεǣɲǵһεǵ˰ֶûôġ
ưְҲЩɻؿ䣬Ůıֲǲã̫ˡղЩѶϵܸߣȫһܹġưְִδŮȻⷽ츳ǲӦŮСʱӦȥ䰡о˷һźô£
ȵ䱻ʱưְֶŮ֣
֣㻹ⰡԼղŵıӦûݵñáȻˣⲢͻȻݼǱɫݣemmmmȱɫ΢һ㡣
ǲ⡭һεǣһ㷴Ӧû𣿡
ưְ˵ţһļϡ
㣬ۣ
⵹ҲװģûʲôӦģ߽εεԲ
һۣδ˹䣬ȻͿ첲һƬϡ
ǲǺۣȥҩ
Ȼ֪С˶˵ʲôδۡ
û£С˶ѡСˣ仹ǲϵģôҪǲưְ߶
ưְһŮֱϵϣһӾͲһˡһֱΪԼŮǽεεģʵϣҲġ
ղſΪŮѧģڿҲǿšû뵽ŮȻôܳԿ࣬ưְͻȻúοŮǳˣ֪ˣѡɫȥõĽɫһһͺ˵Ľɫݣǡ
һʲô˵Ҳ˵ְֵ
ȻŮ֮Ͳһˣ֪۸ĸˣһ̣ưְ־ʮο
䣺
ưְֿԼͻȻȰ񡭡²ţָòǱ˴Խ˰ɣ񿴵ܲ
֣㻹Ҫ𣿡
Ѿͷô˵ģ˭˵Ҫˣưְְһ£Լ˵ôأŮڵԼǲ̫ˣ
㲻ҾˣȻ֪ưְôͻȻƢͺˣá²ʱ
߰ɣˣ䣬ˣؾʹȥҽԺԼŮưְôܲۡ
֪ġδܹɵӦ
ǡ֣Ӧòѵһ˰ɣ
˲ˣǵ׼ʱͺˣ
ưְֱЦˣѾͷʲôʱôƤˣ
˰ɣҸ
˵ưְº͵ؿ䣬˵ȥ
Ѵʦһ£Ҳý
ʲôưְû뵽ŮεޣȻ
ùӡ
ưְ֣һŮúõʲôӣ
䣺ұһӰʲô˦˧
һҪùӣ
ǵȻùӱȺ˧
ưְЩѵص˵ͷܾôʦɫԼͷһ̣Ѿˡ
õưְֵϽδˡٲͷҪ߶ˡ
ǷǶûˣδԼľƵ귿䣬Ҫ鿴ơ
û¡һ˶ѣСֵġлɤӣҲȫǽиưְġ
˵û£ˡ
δ˵ֱӰ׸ˣ첲϶ϵģ屣̫ˣĸϷŪһˡ


75 
俴һ¾, Լӿͦ˵ġ
δఴŻѪ, ֲ̫, ϣֻġ
䣺
̶ֳȵ󣬵ʲôãδ²ǹİɣ
δĻ滵Ըúпܡ
㣬Ȼ
ô˵δһ, ˵
ϻôֱŮһ㶼ϣ
δԽԽ, ҲԽԽ, øպá
ȵδఴ, ˵ҪȥҳԵġ
δ
Ҳó𣿻ҪʲôĶɫ꣬ܲ۾һ£
з͹ͺˡδ뷨ܶ, ȴһ㶼¶, ǲٳȥġ
, ҪȥѡóԵģͼƬǽοġǺŮһʱµĺ֢ڶԳԵҪǳߡ
Ȼδؿ䶪, ʳĻˡ
ˣɳԵĶҪ
δ뿪ıӰ䡣ͻȻ뵽ʲôһ, Ц
Լͦĵ, ȻһȦ, ʱǲδ˺óԵġǵȵʱ򣬾ͷֲԾδϴ衭
ڻǴ죬磡ϴʲô裿
δĽôһ£ûаɣδûн񱣬ԡ
ԾǣƵԡҲ͸ģδϴĶ䶼
ὡ壬޳ӣŵļδÿһ˿̶Żһ㣬Ǻͨϴɲ֪ǲĴܾδСڹ
鵰˭ܵˣ
ҾǸҾǸҾǸӣԼĬ飬ȻƿĿ⡣
δ⹴һ⣡
ţëˣһº𣿡
䣺
ĿĻһ
˭ҾƵëǱͺúõعԡҵģ
俴һɳϵԡǳ
ƭ˵İɣδֹ˵ľȻ̵סеϽָԼӡסǲּˡ
УסܾδҪ·Լ϶סδӻأһʱԲܱ·ˡ
ëߵԡűߣԡŴ򿪵˲䣬ԡӵδϣסĺġ
δ
㻹ǲŮˣ
ססϣ
δԼҽ裬Ҳһˡ
δԡҲɾ壬ɿһΧ˳
ô죿侪δٶȣȻתͷһš쵰ӵġˮ˳һ·ʶ£صش
䣺
˭أ
䣬ûоýеȣδ⽫ԼŪŴŴģƺڻܲС̹衣
С̹ë߰
Ҿýҹɫܺãڻһ䡣
δһǽϵӣšʮ죬Ѿϵˡ
䡭δҪ䣬û뵽ֱһѽȻһë塣ϵĵطδļȫһƬĳطʱ򡭡˶һ£Ȼ佫ëݸδ
Լ
δЦҲգѵܿôߵӣƺҲͦġ
ͲɣδҲ֪ͷˣԿ˻Լ
ϻϷɣ
šδش֮ʵӦûҰɣ
ΪһȥŮü
Ҳ㰡δѾ·ʱļ
ڸŮ裿俴һδͷаɣٻȥ
̽𣿡
䣺
˻ûأδʹ̽ˣ᲻Щ֣
ٿɣ
㲻Ļһ۸ô죿
δ⻰ˮֺܴʵ䲻δҲᱻ۸ȥ
̽̽ɣ
ǸŮǡ˭
ܿܿһСǶѡδҲ֪ǸŮǵֶѣģҲġںŮҲֻδһ
ܿܿЩ죬ȵȡܿܿŮС׻ŶѹŮΪŮ䣬ԭڤڤһͰźˣǺŮг𣬶ǵŮͳ˶Ů䡣
ʱôϷУҲãСΨһģԭеŮΪиŮӦоˣҶδҶһˣҰ
ãҪҪŪһŪܿܿ俴δȲ˵ԭлܿܿǸˣڵΪŪҲʲô
ðò¶ۼʱҲ鷳δģʱ򣬾ź˵ʱ
˵öԣ
δһ˵ķʽԽԽģδü䡣ǰżδһ㣬Ҳô໰ģڣʲôԸģδܿġ
һ£Ҳû׼ôͶ֣ЩǱĬشͺá
δƬݼԽԽãۿɼٶڱõģһưְʮοֻҪδϷݣȶ졣ǡֻҪδͻܿܿһϷݣǡܿܿͻ᲻ͣNG
ʵѾδѹϷˣǻܿܿԼ̬ˣδʱ᲻ԾĲȻƵʡԼôδȻǺܿĵģ˰Щ¼СƵʱһػܾʡ
ûҪôģǻܿܿһֱϲͣغδĨδϾڻܿܿδ죬ҵȻҲԸŻܿܿĻǽδǸһѾ
䷭ѣܸܿܿͦµģδѾαˡ
һ£
۾δδ˵ľͷԲܲػġ
һ㶫˵ҵЩ޷ǻ˵ݼԼǵĻ⣬ЩţʲôʱǸߵһɶ
Ҿϴô
ˣδû뵽Ȼǣô˵̫
šæ֪ܲŮܲأ
ͻСǳΪŮΪѾŬˣŬڼһЩƧ֪ʶҲڻǡȷȷʵʵѾŬˡҳѧϰ죬ϱȥ
˵մŮĹ⣿
ѽ˵ǰŮĺܺأ̺ܸߣԭû뵽ġԭҪ߸Ů·ߵģֻǺˣԲôһ·ߡ
һûᣡδЦݸӵĲãȫǰδǳ⡣
šŮǸСް
ǵأģҲЦúܿġ
ڷ鶼õ£ˡ
δ˵һֵø˵飬Ƕڻܿܿж˵飬ûĥ
δ䳰ȷʹУ䡭ܿܿжͬʱɫʲôŮ񣬷˿ǶϹۣˣһŮײе֣


76 
ⳡϷĵһγ, ưְָ䶣࣬˵, Ѿڼҷ˿һˣһΨһӰƷưְ־ĸҪ
ʵϣΪδĻ, ܶ˶ΪôʱڼҲΪ˵ڶ̥, ʵϡֻѡ
δ, ۽üҽЦ⣬δǰԼϲҲųϲ, ʱҲһЩӦ
һʱ, ҥҲˡҪ, ӵġϷݸһ, 춼ȥݡδʵҲҪ̫ʹʼ˶Ƿ½ָҥԣֻǻһָѡ
ЩǷڲʲôϵʱ, Ҳͷˡ䷢һ飬ÿδ֮еҪѵʱ, ܻµĸ, ǵС¸ѹȥ, Լû, Ҳưְ, ô
俴δظһЦݣ޿ֻԼδе㶫
䣬ϷˣδЦ䣬˵ʵݼ治ôҲмϷϲʵ⡣ɼʹˣδǺڴں᲻ϷֻܺһϷĹ̶ѡ
ǰСʦܡЦЦؿδ֪δʲôǡÿ춼·ĺ
δ
Сʦƺɲô
δ˵ʲôưְǱѾʼˡ
ⳡϷаԱȵһϷŮмһԼİˣһͬԼʦš
ⳡϷݵúãȫ԰ŮⳡϷӦǺܾʵġȻܿܿŲ
仯ױȳ˺ܳʱ䣬ûгĻᣬΪܿܿһֱNGЩģվưְ󣬸ưְһ𶢾ͷ
һĻϷǻܿܿδʵǱһĴڣδǺְҵģʹͷܲ׽ʱ䲻Ǽ룬һǱ壬ıѾάŴ˿Сʦܸеӣһֱ¶ǵɫ
Сʦܵʵδ˵Ĳܴ󣬻˵Ҷδ˾ͺδĲܴ
㵽׻᲻ϷǴСʦţصʦͬڣһᶼûУǸ飬ʹ໹Ц
ưְֱӽеľ籾ӵܿܿǰûݼôģ
ݣһΣһûġ
ܿܿһЦЦ񣬾;ܵ˾޴裬һȻ֮͹ˡȻǲǿ⣬˵Ѿܺˡ
ŮһţŮҲܵ˾޴Ĵ½Ҳ޷ķӦˣʧǵؿԼ֣ԼȻ顣κܿϷģưְѡֱӽϷ
ȻŮˣϾħ̵һˣɻһս֮
СʦܿԼϲˣԼǸȻҪΪİŮӳͷġ
ЩνɣҲһЩɶҳϵ󱲶ѣһϣ˭κα
ϷУСʦǴ򲻹ģڱŷɳʱĺ󱳱סˡ
ˣ
ܴһ˿˿ĹػδģҲܷϴʦСʦܵ衣
һͷǳ˧һƮȻɣδӿл£վǰ
ɫ䣬䣬һѹȸС
۸Сʦܵˣ㣿һ˧΢΢üָܵһ˿ѹȡ
Ů˵ôôǿ
Сֻ֮³ĸ֡
ɿδֱӺϣ˵ķϣһֻ֡
ضһ١
ʦħһܣ£ʦûʲô飬򣬴ΪԼСʦܱ۸˲ģνаƲֲɵЩòȻαӹ
ħʹʦһܴҲòԴʦĿ࿴֮Уܺϵ˲ܴ࣬ƽֵˣ֮٣ȻˣʦҲȷԼԣħһֻ֡
û뵽л书ǿ֮ˣʡ
ħʴʦ֣ͼʦһСʦܵԴȥˣʦҳɽѰȥ
Ǵʦ㡭СʦܿŮеǺͲᣬʹ֪İŮӰĲԼСʦҲǷŲ¡
ԼߣҪҰȥ
ʦģһ񣬾СʦˣҪһ£ʦ㣬ٸʱ䡣
ԴʦʱǰСʦܣֻʣˡ
Сʦӣʦֱˣˡ
а˶ˣȫ̴ʦûںˣģֻԼСʦܡΪڳͷΪСʦܣͲмڳ֣ŮˣǸѧţȻûʲôӢ۴ġ
ʦͻȻȥôæϷ
Ϸ⡭
ܺãû뵽ⳡôѵĴϷǾȻһ
ưְֺܿģķӣûҪãʹһֱΪŮݼǿԵģȴû뵽ڲóĴϷ棬Ǹ˻ܷӵôɫ俴СʦܺȻͬ䣬һдһ˿ºͣһдӣϸ΢ĲҲյúܺá
䣬ͦʺָĽɫ
䣺֣ͱˣǱɫݳԼûѶȵġ
Ҳ䣬ղŵǵʱмŲסˣǿһŮ˶ȥˣΪԼNGöˣҧҧȥˡڶۣǵڻҪ˷ţ䡭emmmmǸŮ
ǿһ䣬ֿһδ˿δǸʿҲֻҶδˣŻϲŮ˰ɣ£
֣ݵĺܺðδһĿ䣬žҪʺƨϣͷ˿絽ֺͷΪ
ưְ֣ôҲаˣƵ
Ȼưְ²ŮŮǺܿģСݼ˭˵ûݼֻȱһƷѡ
ưְ־ŮһֱûͷûʺĽɫŮʺϹװָŮšȻܻᱻԣ֮ǰ˵һֱ崿Ůתɸ㣬һͻˡưְ־û⣬Ůɫ˾籾
䣺ֻ֣뵱һѣ
Ϸݲ࣬϶ǺСʦһġ
СʦܸˣĻѣȻʦ͸ȥ
ȥⲻһЩ֫Ӵʱ򻹹ƨΪͷ籾бûεģٳӣưְҲùܣδŮŮСС֣Ҳûʲô˵ģ޸顣
ǡδÿα꣬϶һƬҷģǸСϱ
䣬û취ˣδСоԼĳطзӦˡ
ЦúܻһδʦݣǺܺð
㣬ԵģһϷͿɱˣȻҪݺݵ۸һδ

ԤղأллСʹǡ
Ϻڻ
ʮǰһʢ񣬽Ů޸˵ʱ̫࣬ʶĶ֣ϰ䣬ԭΪǰ
ʮ󣬻ĵ⽫ŮϪΪӴ˶費ϡΪ˹Ϊ˹ʺ乬Ϊ˹ͷϺ߰籡
ԭΪǡ
ظ־ǰ𽹴һĨЦݣԸֻأʮ˲ֻԸ⡮һΡһĻᡣ
𽿴űԼȺ̫ӵ£ЦơȻȺȴɵǰ̫ӵ£һᱣġ
һ㶣𽻤ȴ벻ٴۣŮһѵ˫֮䣬Цݲã̫ӵ£ϲ𣿡
Ůڻǿ׷޻᳡


77 
δϺ˵, Ӽϡ䵹ͦ, δô, ôӷŵôģ
ϷдʦСʦûаģ֮͵ʦصֻ꣬ʦɽУ˶ȽϵȻ书, ȷʵ̫ͨġ
ʦСʦܵദû̫Ů֮Ҳ͵δʼմһϷ״̬˵ʲô, ⶼϷҪġ
áʦɫĲԺĽɫĻ, ǿԿǽϷġ
һϷ, ǴʦϷⳡϷǽʦ˧е˰ٷ֮١
ưְֱ, Ͼưְֵļ, ŮȻǻ, ڻѣôʵϷǿ϶ǲеġ
䣺
ʲôЦ, Щϴµӡ
ȻԼϷǡҪôݣͲġ
ļ, ⳡϷϵġ
ⳡϷʱ, δΪһ绰гȥˡȻܲ绰, Ǽĵ绰Щ飬Ҫܸõɣٲˣǽ˵绰
δû뵽ǣôʱ䣬侹Ȼˡ
ˤˣ˵δţԼš
ϴµŮˣ彿Ҳزϵʱ͸оƥ⣬һƥܾһ紵ݶ
ʶΣգߴȴƲסǺǱ˦ġ
ܷḻľ佫ζԼ˺ͣȻȻǹˡ
Ҷ˵㲻вҪܣôͲأ
ưְ֮ǰϵӣʵҲеģڿŮˣҲǱһŻ𣬾ȻŮԼƤӵ³⣿
ܾˣӦǱ˶ֽţȥһ¡
ưְֵܻԵú侲ҪǸŮ壬վԼȥ顣
ưְ֣
ǰŮһС˾ͽеòŮģ㶼ˤˣޱıǣǡ
ͻȻʧȥְֵϡ
˭ģδ߽ʱһſϷ·һ㺮һ㣬һô䡣ʱδģ֮󣬸ÿ춼Цݡڣˡ
δ˵Ψһɴۡ
δı鼫䣬䣬䱧ڻУһЦߣѾˣٻȥϢɣ
ƾʲôҶδڻǣʲôʸǣܿܿһͽܲ˵ĴˣʵǺܿĵģҶδȻˣСͱˣѵ֪ЩȦ˵Ӱж
ûʸҵˣȷʵֽţÿ˶ɡδɨÿһˣȫѹܴ󣬴δҶδҲϬ
Ҳɡжδѹ£ǿԼӲ
ԣҲɡԣҲ120ȰȥҽЩˡ̲顣
δͷԺϾִᣬ磬ѡȫûκ˿˺ϣ˺ˣҪۡȻʹᣬ˺ϵˣҲһҪ۵ġδϵЦԽıˡ
û£Ȳ顣仹ɫȻۣҲǲ̡Ȼ˸Ū˼
ȥҽԺЭ顣δܿģ䲻ǲֻۣˡ̡̳
δưְֵǵģ룬ðɣȥҽԺˡ
ܿ͹ˣٶȷǳ죬Ҳֽŵ˾ǻܿܿһ߲ˡ
ܿܿˣһȦЩ飬ֻҪǴ£ᱻѹȥģˣδưְ֣Ըⲻ֮飬׼׷׵ġֻܿܿк̨ģҪܵͷҲûôס
δȥҽԺ㻤ʱ򣬰龭䡣
û뵽ӣû뵽ΪܿܿʱӦòˣû뵽̫߿ܿܿˡ
ܣͺˡδɫ·һֱ̫ÿ
ǰɫҿδָкܺãʵͦϲδЦģϲһ
ôңϣҪ뿪죬⼸첻ˡ
δѵȴǿû˵δӣԼˣδӦǶʮСʱԼϷˣȴֱ˵첻ԼеⰡ
δ˵Ҳʡ
ϣδȥоһ˿ģЩ޴ˡ
ʲôʲôʱˣ
ϡ
䣬δȥʲôϣ㲻Ҫ˺Լ飬ǵ˵Ļ
̾˿δ쵰Ҫȥʲôǲ֪ܾãӦòȥʲô¡
ϷģһᱣԼġ
δһ߾ǰ£˵һȥ糡ưְҪ˰ԼϷݶ֮󣬾ҲûгֹסԺڼû֣ԺҲûˣЩˡ
δô£۷ʲô飬ӵģ֮䣬ǲǳʲô⣿
ûС֮ͦõġ
Ҷδ֮䷢ʲôӰ첻δδʧ٣ãȥʲôȥˡ
֣ʲô𣿡
Ҳûʲô£ⲿϷȼӿˣδҸϽڣ̵ʱõӰӳоǡڳļˣ񶼲Ǻ˳
ưְ˵ʵǱȽίˣʵǣסԺĵڶ죬δͿʼưְָϽȣδԼǸƴһ㣬һʱͰԼеϷݸˡ
˵ϷݣʣҲȫˡ
ȻδָĺŶӣⲿӰʵѾҪˡֻǸŶӣһֻкϵϴģưְֶûӣưְֺδô뵽ǵģδûиȷĻش
δֱ˵ưְָϽŪӳ
ưְֲ֪δĵô˵ģӣġ
֮ưְҲûټδǾǼԱǻõ㣬ļڵùŮǺжţȻŮڽıºܿͱųˣͨ棬ʲô˳ѾҪӲͨˡ
ʲô£˭
üͷ΢΢һ£ǲôɺϵģЩ飬ܿܡǳδֱʡЩ飬ģҪʵнǮſԡδݣȻûô򵥡
֣Щûзʲô¼˵̽ģ
ƽʱǲעЩģδڵʱסԺˣҲһֱڽŮǵŮɲŰ
¼¼ҶϼŰɣҶϳعˣҶ϶ͦġ
ҶϣҶδˣ˵λҶϼŵĳãԼбҪȥˡ


78 
δ, , ͣ
δİ칫űһ߿, ߽һŭˣͺδ࣬һ߶װһǮˣֻ¶ɢ˲ҿ
Ȼ˵ķŭδȴһ㷴Ӧû, ԼͷĹץʱˣȵȥʱ, 黹ûͲˡ
δ, Ƕ𣿡
һȭδİ칫, δӶ˼¡
ѾӰ쵽δˣ̧ͷ, , ˣңʲôݣ
δ, ҳôЩ꣬ıûѧᣬѧ˲Ҷһֲ, ͣԼķ򡭡
δ΢΢˹ǣȫ, ȡ֮һа
ţҢ, װĵܵܡ
㡭ʲôҢٱδƺŵú˺ü, Ǿɲɫ
Ң٣ΪңǰͲװ˰ɣΪʲôҲ²£Ϊ˻֣ΪϹط
δıѾȫȻĲӣҢȻ񣬵δҲǰҲκζݵġ
δһл꣬Ҳô˵Ųھ㣿
б£Կ
δŲҢٵĿţˣĻ޴ĵܵܿɱȲϾҢڱ³ģĻÿԶˡ
δ֪ҢõϵһЩ˵ֱ룬һС磬Ҳܵ˼ǿѹƵģ̫ˣҲݲ
δ㻹ǰһΪԸʶΪħг裬Ӧúܱ΢ˣ㻹ôģ
Ң˵δŨҵĶʼɣǸ˵ġ
Ң٣㲻㣬һֱҲʲôأ۵ĳ谮ľ㲻ǶõˣյЩط㲻ˣҲύģҪ
δĬĬ̾˿۳ӺӲ֪ͣеδһ˸ˣҲǺ⡣ãЩ˵ԴǣҲû۵۰ôӣôһ۵ù
δֻҪԼÿľͺˣֻû뵽ӣҢٻһֱ׷š
ҲҪƨֻץͥ
ǣͥЦˣδͻȻЦЦÿ
Һħз֮ʵץһȥҲʥ칬𣿡δЦᶼҪˣҢٻǴҩɾȣǰһ
Ң٣㳤ˣҪۻˣٶְܸ࣬İҲˡ
סڣδ˱ŸʣҢŭɶһץסδֻȥܷͥ
ȿȿȿȡܣҲͣ£ҴӦүүһҪɼġ
ҢٵֲŸץδģͼһһ۸Сҵؿ˼ˣղЦһᣬ˿̿Ǳ۸Ҫһ㡣
ıû˻ỳɣҢ۸δ
Ң٣ʲôүӷŭ𣺡һûô۸磬ҪˣǲҪŪ
үүүҲǡҢҪͣδղŲģҪ۸δôף
ǣſδ֣
үˣҢֻɿ֡
δܰףƤҲܺãҢɿ֣ͼδһȦ
үүҲԡ룬ҿѾͲˣҡһǰȥˡδһڰģС
ǶԸҢ٣ӣҲܴܽ˵֣Ǹʡ£
ҢټȻ磬ҪϷδ֪ǾһˣܳСܵί˼
Ҷδݻܻ쵽ôңδǺܾȵġүӺܳҶδֻϧҶδ䡣ү˵䲻ǺˣҶδԸţΪ˼̳ȨҶҶϾ˹ϵ
δȫûбҪǿݱǻŮøãΪʲôҪүӲϱǾ취үӽܺˡ
Ңֵúʱ򰡣ԽҢԼøүүθиʱ飬Ҳס
δװûУһˣ޿ͲӶ𣿡
Բ𡭡δ̧ͷûˮ۾ģܾСһ
ˣҢ٣үŭʢδʱǿԼºδʲôүү
үү飬㿴һ¡
δ齻үӣװҪװҶҼҴҵǿһ㱾¶ûУүҲûá
үӿ飬۾ԽԽȻھδľ츳ͬʱ־ЩϧôӣƯô꣬ίˡҪһֱҶң𾴵ҶҳȴҪɫϷӣ
δúܺãүү⡣ȫȨ𣬹˾һȨҢٲò֡
ллүүδǸü˳Ŀӣº޺ԺǿҢȫͬ
үүδô⣬ôԡ
ҿԣүһ仰ǲɡ
ҢҲû취ֻܺ޺޵ؿδ͵ģ÷۲Ļ
ôȨܽӽδݣû뵽ܱδѹƵģĵĲʣֻܶݺݵصδ
ҢٻԱⶼδ֮УЩϷ͸ˡ
һȺΣֱС˰칫ҵš
³СҶܣλûԤԼСҪСҶܡ
ûԤԼҲҪδδʲô˶ģǹô£үüü˾Щô£
λС˵СҶܵӡССˣ˿үֿ˿δĵȻǲ˽λСҲ˵ѣҲǴ»Ǿˣû뵽³Ȼڡ
䣡δܹϲãһԼ·׼ȥС㶼סˣλС㣬СҶܵӰ
Ȼδû߳ȥͱүһסˣδ㲻ȥ
үү
δ¶ֱ˵ǿһ£۾۾ʱѾתΪᶨүүҵӣ޷һҶԲҪҲӵ飬үүҲҪôһӰɣ
δ֪кظһҲױ˺һҲʲôˣ
үүôԲ䣿δıӵĳʹ
үүǲиҸĻ䲻ʺ㡣үЩĵؿ˿δתͷԸˣȥ˴үү㿴ǸŮ˵Ŀġ
ϵĿ
үүǼʶˣδƲƲǡ
ȵÿҪͷ䣬ڱ
زЩ˿ĿⶼЩ֣ҲЩͷҪδǻ쵰ڣ˭Ըˣ
δ쵰Ȼ͵ȥʲôүȱѵ˰


79 
䲻ȱǮ, Ȼ˵֮ǰŮȥεʱ, ʵ׬һǮġЩǮǱȲʲôŹĶ࣬ҲǼһڻԵһˡǿδģ˻Ӧøһģʲôû˵
ʵϲϽһģδŬδϽԸ⿴, ǡ
ʲôŴүƨ, 
ûǮʱǮȻǸö, ֲȱǮ
ܲͷ, ڹŴʱеִķ㣬ĵִᣬʵԼڹŴ޼ɵģӵһǿ塣ڣ, ʹ, Ҳʹò, ܲ˵ġ
Ͱδȥ˿˵ܲ
һ޼ɵģίԼ
δ, ȳȥ
үүδ֪үҪ, Ƣе
δ, Ȼô, ѵүүһ̽𣿡үӿδ˫۷·ܿ͸һ㡣үȻδ̽ҲûеģϾϱҶδĽȷʵˣڵֲͬѽ
үүδһ£ǴӦүӵҪȻҶϳûôҪбûкãܶҲɺܶ࣬˵ѵ˵ʱ
үү䣬Ƣ̫ãʲôײģȸǸδܵίϿɲʲôίˡ
ǣǸҶδǸʲô治֪ҢһĿȥˣδһαҪһףҶүһףضŸʶŴħͷʱֶǲͬװɣ
αװţ۲ۣ
Ң٣ң㲻䣡δεĲģκ˶ϡ
ˣס죡δүүĻүѵöδ˵ʱôδֻˡҢҲֹˣͿδŮ˻ܸЩʲôˡ
ʱδѾˣֻһȺ˻ؿװ׾
䣿
үӿ䣬ŭѹ䡣
ֶȱҪƣɢƳ˶ġ
δأȫүӣ治ɫֻ֡
үû뵽侹Ȼܿסѹȣþ̳ˣүδǰȻǸˣǰһ㶼˵һ˵Сǰǹģģǵһ
֪δʲôɲܼģүӵǿ˼֣˵ҲĲм
ʲôݣЦһ£Ҳ֪ʲôݣҲҪֻ֪ɷ򡣡
ôôүү˵ҢǹҲģô˵ûκ⡣Բ˵ñ˵үҲδүүͲӦ̬ȡ
ǲǷ޼棬ҪҸлǲɣŮڼҿҪְأ
Ң䣬ʲôã칬ʱ¹˭
ʵһ۾ϳ۵СӣȷԼļȱʧġǵ飬ȴ˹δģҲѹ֣δôûаȫС
֮ҵԼļˣ򡭡ʹδܳɹˣδûаȫС
Ҷүؿһ䣬Ȼݸһſհ׵֧Ʊ㲻ʺ䣬֧Ʊ㣬Լ뿪δ
䣺ôѪ̨ô˵ó
ûһ֧Ʊ˺ˣȻƬȫҢٵϡҪǮҲǲԣڻ治Ǯ
һ治ȱǮ㡭ôδ֪𣿡
ЩǮֻҪ룬ûδһǮġ
Ƿųߵ㣿䣬Ҳ㣬Ҳ֪Щôδģڱֵģ飬ǿģδģ
䣺
Ƕб֤ųߵ㣬δ㣬ҲͲҪ
ҪǿǸͷδ˵ķϣҪˡǡ˼Ҳ֣ܶҢ֣ȫûҪˣ
ܲˬģҪȭͷȥ
ʲô⧲һȭҢٶˣŮˣֿݰδ񾭲ϲŮˣϲ챻
ҢټûԵģ붯ִȥȴүӺסˡ
ô˵ҲǸŮˣһϵɩӣô֣ܶҶһҪġ
үӲҢٶ֣ԭԲǽ䡣ü䣬û뵽һԲϾͶֵġ
ҪνҿɲںҼδҹһӾʹһΣ
ָҢ٣ȴǿүӣ˭Ǹ
䣬Ϊ治Ҵ㣿ҢŭŮ˰ʲôˣܴ
ôˣ͵Ϊδȥ
ȻһЩ˵Щ۸۳Ң٣δֻܶʼɷߺޣȻܻЩ¶δҳģĻǼٵġδĹ£ڹ˺δˣҲһô򣡶ҡҢٲʲôö
䣬Ǿ
ӣвУûҢһۡ
ʲôӣүү䣬Ůô
˵仰ʱүӵ漴ռǱסһ㣬俴ŰããһƬûˣ͸оһԼϮ
ֵ¶һЦݣ㵱Ǻڰ¹ⲻɣ
ʱããĿռˣֻʣүˣŶûʲôүӣվԼǰˣۡ
ħȻһ۾ʶ˱
ҲǸӿıɲ䣬۶ʩѹʱͲˣһ˼ͷôƣǸҢҲǱýҲ룬һͷôģ
Ķȷʵǿɷħ̫֣Źδ
δɲҡѾѳͥˡüҲ֪칬жУҢ٣۶·ֹδˡ
ʺδһҲûʲôΪ飬ôЩɾһ׷Ųأ
ǰΪħѳͥɱȲûбɢǲʺϡ
ʲʺϣǿɲ˵ġ
ɣħôӮҲӣˣҲ㲻Ҫپδˡ
һ޴òӣЦˡһƽۣȴǰռסռһս
仺̧ۣȣʣŪˣҲ˵ǰ飬Һδ֮䣬ҲҾ£ǷޡΡƾʲôҪģһ𣬲Ҫκ˵ɡ
ټѪأ
Ѫüƺе˼
㵱֪δĸδû壬ҲΪɣӮˣұѪ
ɽ˵ɣôģ


80 
Ϊ, һϴȥδйļ, ֮°, 䣬򣬱ħˣҪǿʯͷҡ
գգ۾ѹô˵ԭǿʯͷǿʯͷҪ, δһǰڣʯͷҲǸ, , Ǻӵİʯ, Դ޴ġ
ҪǺӸԸðʯΪ־úӶθ, ŲԸӵô, ˭֪ӺȻԳɷˡûˡûȤһ𵱺Сõʱ, ɲ˷һȺϡ
뼰ʱ뿪˺ӣԼԺȥˡԼҲûʲô, Ҳ֪ʲôʱ𣬴ҾͶħˡ
һƺѣҲû, , ʶ, ǸƺǴҶΪ񡭡

֪ԼƲƣǶ񡭡ҲЩΪǵɸ۶ѣӲΪԼ񣬸̸ϼ
ʯҲΪ˸δ塣ȻǵĿĿܲһҪĽһģֻ۲δһѡ
еĴ˵У۶ǲϲδӵģδԼҲô˵ģôΪʲôôںδ
㵽δϵʲôĹʲô
ʲôħҲ˵δֻڶгеһ칬˵Ҫǧ츳õģֻҪԸ⣬̤ʮģ۵λãҲ׼ġ
䣺
δɲô˵ġ
Ȼδ˵ѣĶôãδҪô˵
ҡ˵ģȻϲδδǰһֱСģʵ󲻳ͥϣδѵһֱҪ˳ŵģ
˵ЩȴǲŵģֻûǶμ䣬˭˲֪۰ģֻСҢ١
δһȱӣϲĶӣô붼²̫ףǡδѻģ˰飬£ûδ˵ѵġ
δ˵˵δ飬ⲢʾҪѡۡ
ԲţԼҲûĶ𣿡
ԡ
û֮仹鶼ܲסͬû˹δļ䣬ǻϲġ
۴˽ףδ֪˿δһߴ飺ȥNSSɣ
δָûẓ̇һߵһ߷Ըţ·˵һ΢С¡ǱʵǺܵģܹϳԲ˿ģЩ黹ҪһµġܿܿŮˣҪΪǵĵӰӳδͽˡҲǻһ⹫˾ŮƲκη˵ġ
СҶܣ⡭
¶𣿡δüЩϣȴһƬ֮ɫֻһ˵ģǰͿ벻װˡ
֪ˣȥ졣
Ȼȵ뿪֮δȴͻȻհһƬַ˷ԴԼʲôҪһɡûʲô밡
δŵĻϵŮˣ΢΢üͷϲŮˣǡƺҲԼ¡
ܿܿһŮǶѡԼʲôʱƷζôˣŮˣ
δֱӹ˵ԣ׼е󻮰үү
үүҪĶδ󻮰үӵʱÿһŮȥıͻȻһ£ΪʲôŮ˵ıӰĪϤĸо
δȷԼʶйĪĳ嶯ô£
ôδ
û¡δջĿ⣬ԼˡϲκŮˣոһǴ
伱뿪ΪŮϴ¼˵⣬δ⣬һֱΪһѡ
棡棡ػҶδҪһֱػߣϴȥҶδļ䣬˱

ͲҶδˣδϴϴȥʲôӰ죿
̳Ҷδļ䣬ͿҶδϴȥ˼䣬˭
⣬֮ǰȷʵûġ
ǡϴȥδģ
ͬػϴȥ䣬޷Ͽˡ
ۿšŮϴ¼ȻԼֱñץסˡҪĶ뿪ˣԸԹȻĿĵġԡŮϴ¼룬ܣ
䶯˲徹ȻЩԲˡôȻʲô鶼ûС
ϴȥĲδļ䣬ϴȥ۸˶δļ䡣δϾǸǣ֪˻Ǻܶģһϴȥô˵ļ䣬һ󹤳أ
ԼΣ׼ȥúõϢһ£ҪԲˡ
صңŮǸŮȴ˵衣˶ɷֿܶˣһֱŮġ
ǣһӱ˶ǿĵˡ
ʳڰְֵ飬ȴ˵Լ԰ְûκӡˣļвûаְֵĴڡ
룬ڣֻһ˻ǵúδ֮ˡҪ˵ȥƱҲΪ񾭲ܺáֽŻǸɾһӶ꣬Ȼ
仹Ǿֱȥδĥĥֻǵʱ䣬治УֱӰδ˯ˣ忪ʼǺˡ
⣬ڶȥҶϼδˣҶϼŵĴڶȥˡһ£ڵ壬һ·ȥеѡǾֻͣܵδˡ
һ˺ü죬䶼ЩͷˣڵȵδǸ쵰
δ
δ°׼ؼңʱ䣬ܾЩտģͽ˼˹ϣչ˺üҵ֮ھһȥ⻹δϳһŮں
Ů˶̬Ⱥ⣬Ǹһ㡭
ǣδһۣдųŪÿŮ˶ǣŮȻòҲǲѡ
δŪֻͣһ룬ת׼ûŮ˵Ĵ㡣żӰ˺ܶ죬ˡ
䣺
쵰ʲô񣿿˼
δڳˣֱǰ˸
ڣδʶŮˣֱĪ
һ㶼ǵˣüȻ֪Ūãе㲻̫ģδ֮ǰˡԼΪʲôԭԼǻܵġ
С㣬δҲ̫ˣ9012ˣĴڨʽҡҲܴڨˣ
ͼǮ
Ȼأ̰ͼҺÿδȻ֪ԼƲϳ˧ƫĳ࣬Ҫݼӳ֣ôŮ
ȻԼ̰ͼδɫúòÿδͺÿ
δ
ŮˣǲҪñ¡
ˣϻˣߣҲûץδδ㿪ˣ˱ڹ
⼸סңЩͷˣʧȥδôô鷳
鷳Ҳš˭Լϲ쵰أ
̾˿ȻôҲܶ䡣


81 
Ȼ, δؿļʮڡδ, ܾŮ˴˵ӡϤ, ҡԸС
δ˦˦ԼԴǼӰֻ̫þ˰ɣǸŮܸŮ˳Ϲϵ
δתһˣȻקĸ첲ֱӽ˶ˡ
δʲôŮˣ
ſңŮˣ㵽ʲô
˵һŮԣţ
Ҫ᲻ãֱӰδ, ô鷳£
ΪŮҾͲҶ㶯֣
򿴣۾УδڵƢǼ, δ˽ȷʵ, ⶼҪ, 壬еʱȥ˽⡣š˽⡣
һİŮ, Ҳ̫ûˡŮ˻ô, δߵ̧, ǿȻٳ²֡
֣
ţ
֣

ģδȻҡǵһιĵط, ȻЩϤϴּﶼ
㵽ô
δԼŮ˵ʱƢǺõÿ, һƢõ, ɶȻһ̡
ؼҡֻ򵥵˵ĸ֡
δһ, ôƵСطΪʲôúܰ·𡭡סһ
δýԼ̫ˣҪߣȴסˡ
ȻһǶδûӦͱסˣŮ˵ǣԵǿƣŲݾܾ
δ㶣оԼһŮ˸ЩˣҲ˻ȥûϢһֺĸоûκβʣӦ·飬Ǿһ
ŮǿƵģϵζҲܺţԼҪȥˡ
̫ˣ
İˣΪʲô
ˣδƿ䣬ǰδеࣺŮˣôô֪߳ܣץһ˾ǣ
Ϲˣδôô˵Լأôãһ㶼㡣һ˵ı顣
δȻڿңôô֣
δ㲻ǺӦ𣿸ղҲӦ˲𣿡
δղܵӣ֪ļȻϴȥˣȴǲżġ
Ҹ˵ʲôӦ˵ıܰˣŲϣĺӦģҡ
δú߳ܣĶΪʲôôǰҲûְ
Ǻãһΰɡ˵ֱӰδ򴲱ߣֱӵķʽ쵶ն顣
δ
ں˵˵ЩʲôŮ˵һμģڵŮΪλôֶ
һأҲ
δ֪ڵ뷨Ȼһ⡣
˵㲻ţ嶼ǵãȻ㲻Ըţ㣬ҵǲӡ
δǲԸŻôƵģɿ۾˫ڵоƺǲƭ˵ġ
ޣʲôƭˣǼٵģ
δԺؾͱ˴ϡط֣Ȼһֱţû취ǿҵؾܾǰŮˡ
ֻҪǿһ㣬ŮҲƲԼ飬Ϊʲôӣ
һɸоƺϲδǲ̫ԸţôܻϲŮˣôܣ
ӺǸԼҪܾȴ޷ܾδؿƵԼȻ󡭡ԼȻӣ䡣
ŮˣͷԼȫԾˡ⵽ô£
ҹɫ˵ģҹǷġ
һֱڶϣδţԼȻŮ˻һϣϵŮӡµĺۼ·ʾȨһ㡣
Ƿ𣿡δģͦɰġӡ
ôͶֶţδĿ֣ȴûôˣ£ȫģ
Ҳᶯֶţᡭ
ڱµһδǵͨ죬òȡ
ˣ
еĵطҶ֪㻹áǵһμİ𣿡
һεʻδĬˣܽӴ֮δʵ޷˵Լİˡδ֪ԼģһǽӽöġǴĵϿŮˣôƵԼ
ǡǷ޵ĻΪʲôһ㶼ǵ㣬ΪʲôߵˣҲû˸˵һӣѵȫ綼ˣ
ͻȻһѱסδһƿĶһǣδҪЩ˺òãˣ¿ʼһΣ̸𣿡
δ˫֣رס䣬ޱҪԷӦ
һŷӦε̾˿ҿԾܾ𣿡
ԣ
Ǻðɡ
̸ԣǾ԰ɡԼҲҪŮҲǲԡҡŮĶĸоҲһӶּ¶ˡ
δ׼·ȴ˵·ȥϴˡ
ô죿
Ҳͦɰġ
δ
δû취ֻΧһŴ棬ûôѿ
ʵҲǹģǹĺܸɾδеĶˣû취
δһ绰˵Ҫݼһ죬żӰôˣϢһҲġ
֪֮˶ˣȥαװˡû뵽侹ȻôҪ˵õδ°ȻѰ·Ͳ鰮飬ֱӽδ˯ˡ
Ϸ⻹ô棿
Щ飬ܴӦԼ֮ˣħʲôʱعˣ
Ҳ֪ȫΪδҲǴδԼһģû뵽ԼסģԼδǺһ۵ģ㱻ϴȥ˼䣬˯˯ˣơٸħˡ
ԼĶӣͥ񡭡δΨһܽˣȴħϣŻˡ
һߣδΧŸɳϿһĵӣ˾ͽиһ£ǷϵӡȻҲúܲǶˣǰʳƷôԵȥڡ㣡
δʱô˵ģҪԼȥ
δ
ѵӦòóȥ
еĸȫûУӰеܰͲڣԡΪʲôôŮˣִ³бˡ
ʱſЩ춯ȵ俴ȥʱ򣬾Ϳųˡ
һžͿŮ§һϰɳϣܵӡϽ˳ȥһǴŵķʽԣ
˳ȥ½Ļ滹һġ
䣬ǡ
δתͷҲÿͳˢһӾͺˡ⧲£ͼҳ𣿶ҡǹӵģʲôû
裬˭ѽ
һӽδӻʵ裿ŮˡϹӶôˣΪʲôҪԼ
һ˲䣬δǳûȤС
δȻһվһԲ̨ȥԼ·ҪˣоǶ衣䵽ʲô˯˯ѣģΪʲôҪԼ
Ҫȥ
ع˾δģûʲô顣
ȥʲô춼ˡ俴һɫüδҲûҪôƴ
ȥʲô⿴һҾۻᣬһô𣿡
䣬λǣ
δͬʱģΪδ˵ûȽ϶࣬һӽȫѹסˡ
ڳԴףû뵽δûָ⻹ͦġ˵ϲ𣿷Ӧͦʵġ
ʸԴ𣿡δǷŭˣǮģȻǸС
裬ɷ򣬳İְ֡شһ⣬תͷδŮ
δ
㻹ҵҿͷϾô𣿡
δˣ˿䣬һȭͷϣôôô΢
ʲôҺŮһͷĺߣδô½ˣ
˵˵Һ˺ô֪˵һҹ㻹ˡ֮ǰҶǴУܺºӵģ
δ˵ûŮ̫ɶˣԼϲôƭġĲʹ
䣺
סδܴ˵Ҫģ
ҲһֱĸԼ裬δӣǡ
ͷǻúݣϴȥ˵ļ䣬ȴҪǵŮǹ鷳İɣ
ĺӣҪҪȥӼʵҲ֪ӼĽôϾûеҲ֪̬ȻҪȷȻδָ֪ôˡ
δ⼸ҪܵϢе󣬲ǰǿԼʵϣϾǰǲǣδϿˣû뵽ǣ侹Ȼֹһˣδǳˣʲô
ǣģŮҲģ
Ҫ𣿴Ů֣
δס˼죬ȥ˾ϰ࣬ϾͻصС˯ȻǰδеĳʵźӶˣƺԲˡܹԺܴһʼĽ֮ܲҲϲСŮİԼС۰ˡ
δԭԼѽܣϾҪһʲôŮûУûҪôһͨģһŮŮˣɡôݽȥˣһǼ̵ʱڣһҲҪأ
δܻԼôһİŮ˯ˣǸŮŮˣȲ־úֻܿţѾ˰ɣƭԼô죿
Сס˼֮󣬷ȷʵֻһ֮δǷ˰ɣֻҪϲԼԸúùӣôйӣҲɣȻļʵҪδǿԼܡ
еԼʶ̫ˣʶͲȼ޸˰ɣ
δԭΪӻȥ̲ˣΪӾҪ궼ˣϴȥ˼䣬ȥİˣδȻܱ˯һξͽħˣֱˡ
ҲǣϾҲδȿħǱԵԵȫδǿġǱʶδδҪ
δҪʹ壬ҲһײݡԼͥ߹ʱգ˫
ۻүӵݳδǰ˵Ҫδֵ顣
үүҲҪ֣δҲû;ܾˣҲ֪Ϊʲô˵־Щܣʶ첻
㻹Ҫһ㿴ڶʲôˣҶϵĳȴҪסһŮ˵ļǸ飬кӵŮˣôôϸŸ˵֣δүүģǸŮ˶˼
ھĨδе󣬾һŮˣһķ˶ܲ˰ɣΪʲôδܣ칬ôŮŮİҲûδݹֺħֻҪ΢һ£δܳݡ
ǹ죡һģүү㲻ΪйһʧܵĻͿ˲ϧǱϹһúðġСδͼʲôûһǮʶôЩ죬һֱǮ
ȻһҲûʲôǮÿеǮĶѡүүǰδ϶˵ÿ춼ģȻүү϶ԡĽӣôܳʳƷ
Ȼ̰ͼǮһҲ㣬뿪ɣ⻷᲻Ҫ㣿
үүδû뵽үôݣһүûзӦҲûٰ
δȷʵһЩǣΪȷԼһеĻ仹᲻Ҫ֪Լĳһ㣬СڸͥҲʲôᣬԼûǮˣ䡭ҪԼ
šȥҷݹɣȻסܲԼǸġ
δɻ󣬽Ųȴûκεĳɣʰһ¾뿪ˡ
ۿĶӣֻ̾Ϣһδӣǧδ֪ԼʲôҲֹˣҪӣδһУδҲδ޴δܰĵغһ
ʹħҡҲһҪδҡ
δһ죬˲֪ټҹ˾ȫܾˡ
ļҲһÿ飬Ѿ֪ܾ˶ٴˣӿʼܾ߹ܵλãֻһСְԱλãȫӦƸϡ
δ֪үүڸɼ̫ˣԿˡүүڱؼ
δգ֪ʲôʱ˴꣬ûдɡ֪ʲôʱܻȥˣ䡭



82 
ü, Ǹͷ, ⼸һֱڰжԸ, û̫ʱδӴµʱҪͷӺˡòˣթʱδȴδڼҡ
ʱ, δҲ°˰ɣ
´ˣδǱ
ȻӦòڣδӦöר͵, 仹ȥһϲɣ
һѴɡ, 俪ʼҶϼŸȥҶϼ, ֪δͱϳˡЩ죬ģ춼æЩʲô
Щżˣʧȥδ, Щĵġ
˺ܾ, һҵڱδԼĸ첲·Щ, װ, ֵס⣬˿ǳĿ
ôؼң
䣿δ̧, ƯоǾϲ, û뵽, ˡһ˲䣬·еĵǺ¶ɢˡЦǳǳУЦݵɾ
ԭʱҸֻһ˲顣
УʹһѴɡ˶ꡣɷ꽻ӵĺҹƹ£˵Ӱӱü·ڵһ
ϻȥδ͸ðˣҲٳȥҹˣӣδҵõˡ
ҹˣڼһؼҾܿ㡣ŵüΪ̫ͣ飬ֻܾδܵҲǰġ
ǡ
ûпǣú㡣
㡭
һ˱ԼİŮ˵Ļøе߳ܵģǡȴӿһ۵ĸо
ǿİɣ
δһҪűˣнԼһжһ˵뷨
ľ£δĸðܿͺˡδҲһ
˵ʲô俴δδСԴӣÿ춼Щʲô
˵ȥɡȻǸ֣Ҳó˺Ӻʧ䣬ҡҲӵĿࡣ
ӶѾˣδʵǺںǲģֻҪͺãֻҪ䲻⡭ͺá
ңδʵҲᵣԼԳáܺ軹Ǻ֣ƺܻһЩ̫õĴʻϵϡ
ʡʡɣҲ֪Ҫ˵ٱſţǳװ֣ҲҪΪ㱾ͽˡС㡣
δգȥ˯̫ʱҲһ¡
ΪʱˣδǹһĶģʼãδԽԽˣɬֱͲԸ񣬽ûˡ
δһ·ǳϵһ㲻˵ڼ·ˣԼǰơԼ̲סˣֲʥˣ쿴Լϲ˹Լǰ˭ס
㵽ôһץסδ󣬽ɳϡ
䣬һֱңҲˡδգգ۾϶޹ı顣
ԣ
㲻ϲǲѾˣ
δһͰ͵ӣ·ڿ䣬Ҿ֪Ͳ븺˵ģ
䣺
һģϷôôࣿ
ȥδļӦҲָˣ㲻ָʵѾȫȥˣֲָһ
·ܡ
䣬ˣ˵ϲҵ壬ȴһˣ
˵һ䣬δϷˡ
ŮҪȷҲҪǰܣ
δ
ʹδƤѾܺˣôһ˵ǵ΢ĩ߳İ
ˣδˣϾҪġǰˣСǰҪаְֵӡ
ڼδʵҲͦĵģȥҹôҲÿ춼ѳˣδ룬ˣԼȥѧѧհɡȻҲܾܲãѶȺܴ󣬹ؼǡҲûóԡ
δãƾԼĲǣһѧģ
ְ֣Ҫ𣿡
аְʮȻֻǡ֣
δŹ΢΢˶٣ΪʲôԼЩϤǴδ¹ĴүΪʲôЩܾһ
δ۾΢΢УȷʵԾ֮ǰһֱ˵ĻûзϣǱʶһֱúһַʽڲһˣǵĸѾȫȶˣ䲢Ҫƭ
δʼѣʶ粻Եʱٿص磬ʼˡ
һߣǶŵۡ
ˡ俪ڵĵһ仰
ڶ仰ǣҪĶأ
һ򲻶ʲôп֪δ֣ѾǼˡκҪδߴߵˣʲôö
ħ˺ñ£Ȼδڶʱڰ㡣Ҳ֪ԸķĵοСӲƴ˭Ӯ˭仹治˵Ѫ֮뿪С硣
ֹˣѾֹ˺üˣÿδ޷˵˽ȥҲû취
һߣָֻԭδȻҶҳݣȥҶң˶üһֹ˾
δʵǲԸȥҶүҲûǿδ֮䣬ٷԡ֮ǰǿҵķԣΪ䲻δãԼӻԿĸȶѾӵҸˣ˼ֺαزɢ
ȷʵδˣŮƺѾ˺ܶࡣ
ҶүҲδô˲ٿֵ࣬Ļүջѡף
---
䣬ȥӰɣ
δͻȻҪȥӰ㶣ʲôû²úڼլţȥʲôӰ
ȥɣȥ
δ仹ǴӦˡδĵӰƱҲû̫ע⣬ȵӰ˲֪ԭһݵĵӰӳˡ
ԭⲿӰӳˣô˵
һ㶼⣬ңδҲίʾʾٴˣ
ص֮ʱ䶼ڼҵģͶͶʣǲҵ̫ϷδǿʼƵϷˣƺΪʵ֮ǰĳŵü󽱻δǺġ
ⲿϷķ𣿡
ţʵǺ⣬ⲿӰϾδǣֻһţŮNţʵҲûйϵδҪ⼸Դ治ô½ҰкõƬӸӣýҲ⡣
Ĳ̫ⲿӰ᲻ġ
δ⣬Ϊǵһ ҲΨһһһĵĵӰ 
ܺõġ䣬ûվCP𣿡
δͻȻһû⡣
˵ʲôʦСʦܵCP˰ɣǲǺܴʦܵĹϵ
˼άֱŮһ㶼ûСҲһԲģ£
£ûС
δ
δѡλǿģǶճģ΢һαװҲšʵþδڵαװһϳǡҺûαװһ£ϾӰǻˣûƻм֪ġ
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㲻ƵΪʲôԼŮŮǣʵŮʺưһֱ崿·𣿡
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ðɣȻϷʦСʦûһ𣬵Ϸ⿴ôãҲˡ
ƺ͹үôӰԺӰԺΪôѪֱԱ˹
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δ㲻ÿˣ׺ǿֻҪ԰ԼŪ壬һ˺ܶࡣҡδУʵǺ𣬾ھеĽɫСʦһ̲סҪú۰
ѹִʦŮҲΪСʦܲԾһԣ̫ˣ
Ҳ֪ô£ƲǱȽϽСǸܾδСҪ
δһŹЦҾͶסˣһ֮󣬴ҽΧҪǩҪա
꣡Ұһ㣬ҪˣǩնԵġδº͵ЦЦ׺òСʦܷܵϣǿһҲô˵ҪҪǩģҲ˴ҡ
˵ĸо˵ĸоܲһҶΪΪģҲû˶Ը仯ɡ
ЩͷģδЦӯӯˣҪǸոԼǰҲڸӣԡ̰ɣ
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Уϣְҵδɻ΢ЦţͲͷҪҪǣ֪ԼʲôͶˡȻԱݹǾҪԴ
δһصҾ˯ˣԲ֪ڵӰԺĳ֣ǩյ鶼΢ϣһʱѡ
Ϲһϣڶ컹ưְָµʱǲŷӦ˿Ҳǻȥ֪֮˸Ͳģ͵Ƿ޸ãȥӰ˿ץѡ
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˿ǷδٶȺȻǲϲι˵ĻԸģ޳CPˬۺбϡ
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δݼԽԽãԴҲԽԽ࣬һΪݼһ桭ϾҲԼ˾ˣܲԴûС
δԽԽõʱȴʼջլڼϲ飬ǴŮլڼŮȥˣоԼڼ
ÿŮȥ˻󣬶ܿδԹ
δǲں䲻ȥϷڼǡܽĸŮǱԼȥˣ˵õһأ
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ʵݴʦ˵ûѶȣͱɫݶѡϷΨһĶϷϷȫǺδġ
ʦĸϷ˵ǼΪˣСʦܵĸϷҪࡣȻϼŮûʲôģʱòģܻһȱ·ǰ¹һ
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һΣ䵹˻߹δȷʵһЩ
ЩÿζڴŮˣʵϣ֮⣬仹иһЩµġ
һֱռܹδĶ۵ѪδĲлǣӵİʯŮϴ¼֮Ĺ±һЩ壬Щδ嶼õġ壬ֶԽԽá
Щ꣬ϿǾŮˣʵϣÿγţΪܵĲŻϹȥġ
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δ֪ԼʱҲֻԽԽˣõķʽߣǡ˶һʲôĻͺײһֻֿţ硭ҵ
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ĽĵطҵгɣһҸļͥһӣһɵŮ
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ⱲӣŮҲûǮϰˣ֪ƶŮ᲻ٴεõˡЩҶ˵ǺҪˣϾæſɻأ
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Ҷһֱææؼҵʱ䶼١ֱһ죬Ҷӵĵ绰ְȥˡ
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δ˵ܶ˶ܱʹ, ʱδϷ, Ͷ, ˶׬˺ܶǮȵʹ, ǾͰЩǮȫͶѧУ, ͦõ, Ǯ˵Ҳ֮⣬Ǹֵĸѡ
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Ҷûдеôʹ, Ϊ֪, ְЦġ
Ҷһûٽ, һ׸ԼȰҵܳʵ˭Ҳ벻һŮ˵룬ʵ֣һҵϷܶš
ҶҲЦģ룬С̻ҪǿӲЦ벢һֱֵ֧ĻҲôʵġܰأȰְֻ࣡
---
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Ůϴ¼ɢĵʱļ䣬Ѿȫعˡ
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ļ䣬˶ֽţԼӡסġһֱδԼʲô顣
δҵǰ䣬ӵһ֮ҲŲˡ
ϣûУϲң¡һ㣿
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δ˵ôĻѣʹЩġԼδĺ̡ܲ
δ䣬ѡ˱չأءٴγʱ·Ѿ˷츲صı仯ɿƲԼδԼǰģѡȥظҪ־δҳ
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Ҫ໰ˣǼֻӵҲһʮ˲ǵظĹȫˡ֪֪ÿҪ⹤˷ѵİؼۻ
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޳־ƺԼݡ
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δĻɢٻҪռĻǣҵǿ͵ĶΪδ壬һЩףȻһ㣬Լļ䣬Ҫס
סҵļ䣿ü治ôһϲκο˺Լ顣
סδļ䣬㵱֪һ飬һ顭δӰжҸδһڣⱾŮϴ¼ϣ㿴һЩ飬ȻⱾӣҲǸǻǵһĴ塣
㴩ԽЩСɣδɢĻڣŮϴ¼ϵģʱٽЩȫװδ̫ǿ󣬽СԼδɢĻҲɢ
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Ůϴ¼϶ڷԼǸŮɣ
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Ӧ־ҪԼӡԼδеļ䣬δܻĿģҲʱӡδļ䣬Ǽ¡
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֮ͿʼáŮϴ¼Խ磬˸ʽŮǣıǣػЩܵ˺ˡҲУѰδɢĻǡ
ǸʱȻҲ֪ԼѰЩʲôɱܵĶ顣
ڡжռòˡ
ϾɢδĻѾ޷ȫ䲻ںֻҪδͺˣֻҪܻصԼ߾͹ˡ
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䲻ȥˣ޴εĳԣЩһδεĳʧܺ󣬶ĵģδǲġ
ǵȥۣ
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𹿰Ŷ䣬ϹǿǿʵԼȷܴܲӮ䡣һˣԼı÷ˣúõԣ鶼ͷϣջȥϾ˭֪𹿰յ
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ƺǸܵȵߣ׵˲䣬һ˫Уκθ顣һ΢ţϸܵë衣һžµ٣߶Ըˡ
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˭Ҳż⣬ûа¶ȣδǸòƭ˵¶ȵδԶ
俴δ֪ԼӦӦûشڻþУȻ޷ıһУǻǲδ֪Լĺðɣǰδ֪ô
һֱãδҪ˱ġΪԼǰδԵúӣʵϣ
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һ£ŵСҲܳĶҢ٣մ˵δӦòôƽȰ
δֹһǰ˵ʼҢ٣Ң٣俴ӣ̬ȣǡ˷ϲŶ԰ɣ
ʼɣôܻӦ
ڻþδ֪δƭԼ顣δ߰һжϣһ˼ֻʼɲй
δûбϣҲ˿ʲôֻЩ˵Ǽٵİɣ
ɣû𣿡һߣδͻȻˣδڶθ˵õǿ϶Ŀǡ
ûлӦδȻڵķֱӶˡֿ׼Ҫ䷴Ӧѣƾͱδˡ
ʲôǱ쵰ˣô˵־Ͷ֣ڻþҪ汻ˣһȥô죿
⻰ɣ͵ϴ裬ôã˯ʱ֣Ŀʲô
δûʲô飬˵ЩʱĿġ
һֱ֪֪ԼЩ飬̵סһûи
ǰûи飬ػɣδһʼ²Ҳûиİɣ
һô
δ෴ܴҲ㡣
֪ʲôҶΪΪΣȻԼġڵδͲʶҲ˵δͲں˶ʲô
ǣں
ԼҲǺġ
ʶδȻ鱼ţˣųģڵδȴպ෴˪ʵ϶κ鷴Ӧ
ãϲӵδûһ

δֵĿһ䣬ԼֶŵģȻˣΪʲôδ
ѵҲӦ𣿡
Ϊʲôʶ𣿡δԴһ£лЩãܿ죬ȥеɫʣҲǱһ°ɣӮң㵱·Ҳԣ򲻹ҡ
δû˵򲻹ܹ鲻ʲô¡
δĸ֪֪ǿģҲԼжǿδһֱԼΪʲôҪҲ֪Ϊʲôʹ·һ㡣
飬δʲô˼ЩҪǿΪ򲻹䣬ʲô˵ġ
δһܡ
һܣҹ˴ǻڵصģǰһ磬նᱻ
δǿزʵǳ֮⣬źӴ칬ʱû칬ôˡ
һʼȽУûԴ䲻òǿδܡ
Ӯˣ߰ɡ
δ˵ӮˣʲôҲƽˣƽҲûã򲻹
Ҳأü֪δĻش
Ŷ
δֻǵӦһûķӦ
䣺
Ŷˣ
䲻֪˿δǣҲ򲻹Ҳϲߣô죿δ֣ƺֻһܿ䣬֪䣬Ҳûе⣬Ҳ˵ǻ
δ֪⵽ʲôãҲǺ⡣ʱδǳĬżûʲô벻ͨĵط˵仰
ǺԸδ˵ģʲôģҲɵ߻ħԽԽáδĹƺһĹʲô
ɻһֱûеõ𣬲ܿģҢٵٳˣδҲڳˡ
ôãһμδš
δţҲûʲôرĵطɻƽĴţһѣׯһЩ֮⣬ûκθı䣬Ưޱ飬
δߣδΧһжĮкҲȫûзӦʶδƺЩԾ
δ䣬ѷ
۾δ۵Ķӣ۲֪ܲδëȴûиԼ
Ȼۻ


84 
Ϊδ ʵֵ̫Ļ仹ǿԲƽϵġ
Ңٵ磬ЩġȻδҲôΪģ ϱ۾ͿʼˡڼЩδ˵ δûκηӦ
Ѱ˼ţ δ˵ġȻδİ̬ȣ ˭Ϊɣ
ȥۣδǸʲôȴۺ̸
£Ҿδ⺢Ӳȥˣ㿴ڵӣ ɣҲûκθģ δڡ
ĶǵǣȻδڵ״̬Ѿܲˡ
۳Ĭ˺ܳʱſڣɳ˭ܵΣ
£Ϊδ츳ߣ  ϰôȥµġڶ˭ôĮ᲻ĸġײϵġ

ѹŸ δСɵһ δϰδҲǺܿɰģ ԴϰҲûЦҲûнйһĸˡԶģƺûκ˶С
˵ҲеֻڣѾеһˣͣ𣿡
ֻˣͣȻ˽̽ʲôǸ顭
ۻ󣬶޷ȷδǷ̵ܽûڡֻˡ
----

䰵һ䣬ϻ쵰ȻԼ׶ȥѧĹ
ȷʵҲܴвδͻᱻħ壬ʱҲǶһѡȵǸʱҪɱ
˵δôӵģԭΪԲŻĮδûɹҲкδˡ
֪δΪʲôӣ׼ȥδˣڵ飬ùܡ
ȵٴλصϵʱ򣬲ŷ֣⾹ȻǺӴ칬ա͡˼ˣ
ȤᣬһӾͱ˼



Ӵ칬ɶö㣬ϵϣֻδһԼλϣۿⳡ򶷡ȫ̬ȣȲҲûоúһӦȥӣֻǿš
Թۣö
δ֮ǰȥˣûüԶ˶ɢˣԵ
ǱߴŴԼÿͷˣͷŽ𹿰Լȥ֪𹿰Լʶ?ȫġ
δڿ𹿰ʱһûУȻ¶һ˿Ȥ
𹿰۽ǳһ£ǲԼ
δߣѵõģȥӽ𹿰𹿰Χɡ
δȥý𹿰ȴˡ
𹿰Һòã
䣺
δǿֵıˣ
ȻԼǽ𹿰δԼӦÿĵģ˿̵ܸӡ
ʵǲǵãԭδȻô
áǰԼش𣬹ȻһӶδ


Ϊʲô
ƾһСҲʹϹΪϹ䣬ȻҲġ
Ǻأ
ǲһӺÿ̫ˡ
ԼشȻ̲סˡ
δȻԼˣҡǾúӶδÿǰжϹ
µǡδȻͬ
ҺѿøһÿԸ𣿡
Ը⡣ɾܾûκתأøһÿҶźˣҪ㣿
˵áʮе
Լδĳμ棬Լȫ̺ľܾԼδǵĵһμ棬Ʋж죬ĳδȻϲԼ侪ˡ
δȻҲɣ
òӸɵ˰ɣ̲ס²ۡ
---
δںӴ칬ʱ򣬲ûа񣬷ǰ˺һѣδΪ񷴸У۳ӣȻһֻҡδսĺǿȻֻ㶯֣ȴ˲ɵġ
δģδԼûоɲûκεĸ飬ҲԼӦðͥߣδûйֹ
δֻǿ˶ϹҪѡ
ȻҲʶԣǻ뷽跨ֹδټδ뵽֮䣬ʲôǡδѾϰԼһͷӣ򽻵ӣӦ
δͨʣദܰѶԷ޻˵δɾġδ?YԽԽҲںңʵڲϲ򽻵
뵽˶䣬ҪǼҲܴһֱԼߵļһˡ
δһֱġǱδԼ򲻹䣬ȱһֵı

䣺
Ҵңҿ
δĺܵö䣬뷨˵ˡ
ȥҶ䣿˵⻰ʱҲ֪ʲôܣҾ߰ʲôΪʲôҪôִţߺòã
š
ָɽ¡δһʾ᲻ҹȥ
ļʵûεģǵδҹԼҲڵԼУɶһӰɣֻкģǳġ
ţԼδôôЦ?
ԡʵһֱǱ˴ڲϴ
δȥɽ䣬Ȼֱ˻δҲؿǣҪôܱһֻ˧ӣ
䣺
俴δϹδʹУϹŪвУ
Ҳ֪δôģҪõĶһֱûõδķ⵹Ǽ¡
δʵǸܴˣͨΪû˽̣һֱһյĻɵӴ˶ʲôˡֻǡһ£δǲм?
δ֪Լܲ۵ľŸУ˽ƶһ಻õĴʻ㣬ѻϣδҲ̫ں
δ·һΣ÷Լ˺ӵģּһ䣬ɲȤԸ
δٴλص칬ʧ䡣
һʼδֻҪһֵıѣǷҪ䲻ɣþǸʱˣδ˼
֮һδεãδһִ


δһֱľٻʲôִȻִһҲˡ
Цãδһʼĸ飬Ƕһĸѡ
δֱչһΣٴαչسʱѾȫһģȫޣ޵úܡ˹߳ŵ£۵ĺ£δ˶ɢһ欵Ϣ
Լֻһûδչضѣô˾ͱˣ
ϵµʱ䱾ǲԵȵģȵδٴ·ʱ򣬲֪ⶼѾȡʱˡɹȡ澭󣬺ӱ˶սʤˣȴܲһֱźӵУ͸ӷֵ
ԸźֻǾúӶθڣδһֱźӵġ
ӷֿˣΣֱӿʼħưԡϹȻĺܣɾշЩССֵġֻûһ֪ʲô͵õ
ټܺãȴȱġݾ鰮һ˾ǲݣȻǶԷԷݡҲûи鷳ˣһħ?ƺš
ǷЩߴߴĺеģԻεʱ򣬸ûǹˡŮ˾ͦõġ
ǵ̫ǿˣԼϯܶ࣬ʱջһг裬Ҳˡδ
һֱδߣδҪȥԼг飬ǺܲġʹѾδˣǲδôӶһãתΪĻģ
ҲôƵİɣ
ϲ䣿̲סֱӳδ⡣
꣬ӰӣҪ˵δ˵ʮ鶯һμʱȫһˡΪֻһܿ䣬һֽӰӡҲþôС


ıǶ䣬ֻδ֪δҪδδǺԾΪܡ
ϲѽδЦˡδһЦǡ
ϲʲô
ϲǿ󰡡δ˼

ѵϲǿߣʲô𣿡δʣ䣬ܴ֪δʱʱʱδ䣬Ҳĺܴ
ǡ˵ǿߺܶ࣬Ϊʲôƫƫģ
ѾûлʳˣΪδͽĶʹδĸԸģҪŹȥ
治δΪʲôԸδԸˡ
Ǹʱ䣬ǿûи飬егȫ߲ܣȻûЩг裬гĵλȷʵߡΪǿ߹ģܱҲģֵôʵδֲһδǺǿģҪǿߡ
Ĳ֪δǳʲô̬г裬ԼһСλ֡
Ψһ仹ȽϷĵǣδСȫǶŵԼģֶ֣εͦݵġϾûʵˣЩͶͱŵ֣ûĸܵסδ?
δȻδ˵Լݣ°˵Ķ仹֪ˣ½δѺŹǰδҲ
˵㻹ͦݵģ۳ӣ
俴δ ûʲôϲеȫζ
ͲǵδˣǼǵõģһ칬ʱǸ֮磬ʵôǰӣ
ǵϡδûзϣҲϲ
δǰԼ˵úң۳ӣͥȴ˶ͥȥ˲ŹѰӻġδһ˵ѣ˵ѣ֮󡭡˵һһΡ

Ǹʱ䣬䣬ԼĿͥˬȻǸͥӣ۵ĶӣԼг裬ƺҲԼͦӵģҲûִŸδߣҲǶһ
Ƕûδûи飬Ҳûµ뷨δžһģг貢ûʲô
δƺ̫ά״̬
һֱδܾҪʲô֮ǰһ칬
һȥ˼ڱԼ
˵Ǵ·ȥħͷгˣļٵģ
ٲˡδ߰Ŀˣû뵽ô¼ô˵Ҳ֮ӣȻԸʶ䡭ҵ޹⡣
δգħͷиúܡ
ٳɫҪãҪɫˡǾŵºãҲѹ󶼳žŵ£Ǿŵֵá
Ҫ˵δ


ǸСһڣͿδԼ߹ȫǱ֮ɫ֮෴ǣϵ棬һ֡
˵ô˵ˣ
δֻ˵˼֣ϲŭȴȺ۵ȫͷֱա
ˡ
ŶǺ֮УδԽǲɫԽɺ£λµĴԣûǺ?
ҵȲڱ¡
ҵȲöԴ¿ڳ֮
ҵȡ
ЩȻδֶãδʵδ˻ɹɣܴùδģҲ
ˣƨĻ˵·Ըǡ
ɶſδԸʲôҪΥĿ佱ҲǲУδķԸ֮ɶɵۣСôڮԼ
Ǹղ˵δĻѾˣԲźδǶ֣û뵽δǴĻݡ
ЩҪ洫ȥδȫˡ
£ȷҪô
ϻ˵ͺˡδûи˫һ۾뿪һۣζʮ㡣
ֱҪδЦˣԭЩĴ˵ԭδĶ඼Լȥ?
˵ȻУҲǼ䣬δֱԼԼ֯˲֪ڵԼǰ˵Щͱˡ
˵֮Լȥѻٵʵδݣ
زҲǾˡ

ЩδµػصĶװһжûӡ
ǲ֪δǸΪ˵ѣֵ̣Լ
Ӱӣǲǲͬô
δߵʱ䳤ˣûǰôĮ֮Ҳᾭ˵
˵˼𣿡Ҳһֱʵģδİ˵ѣȻҲûô⣬ǡȤڣ
аΪ˴ﵽԼĿģûʲôġ
ôϲ
ϲδĻشɿ϶κԥ
---
δغʱ䳤ˣʱҲҸʱԼ˼һЩ飬˵δĽᵽʲôҡδڵΪԽԽˣȥǰԼǰˢڸУԱ߿ţܲζȻ֪ǸҲԼǺᡭ
俴ڵδԽԽʶǸδˣμδӡƺȥҲ֪⵽Ǻ»ǻ£δĸı̫ˡ
ڤ룬ȴδһǱػˣϵζʶԼδһηϵ졣
ǵһκ˷ϵδҲǣʵ̫Ǹʱ䣬ĺܴ³俴δϴССȫˣ·Ǹմսһ
Ĭˡ
˿һѻ֪δԼûʸģδϧԼԼôô˺δ
ȴһһǸůδ嶼ǲ
ϣ㲻Ҫˣδۡ
㡭ʲô
δǰһֱǽӰӵģϾþҲģû뵽ȻԼ
ϣδòãδۡ
㡭û취ĶͷĴǣ˶ĥЩ鶯Ҫһ飬ȴûδһƿˡ
䣺
δòģΪʲôҪܾ
ԣϡ
Ϊʲô䲻δһʲô˼
ϣҵһҳˡ
䣺
⻰Ϣ̫һʱûӦ
ϣңǲΪѾˣҲûŶ֮ǰҹЩ飬ΪϲδԲԣδ䣬˿ǻ׼˵ԣֻϲҵ壬Ҳϲҡ
ԣҰˡǰδеᡣϲǰ
δˣ᲻ܿ࣬ҪԼˡδɾģҲ߹ģҪôίԼ
аϡδģ᣺ڵͲңҹŬ㻹ᰮ𣿡
䣺
⣬شˡ
δһģڻûи?ôܻᰮδǡδűŰһΣܲˣӣʲôʱǸͷ
δ˺ȫӦԼͷˡ
ʲôʱҵģΣֻܻһ⡣
ǵˡҺܿģΪԼ¹һӵģԭ˻ᰮҡδЦޣֻ뷨ȴ¶ġǸϣǿģҲһҪǿ󵽣ֶΡ

Ұ㣬ԣҲһҪҡ
䷢Լһαδ·ˣȴĸԸġʲôʱֵѾҪˣҪǡδ
ĺܣ̫ˣȻ֪ǸҲԼÿοδСȥֺǰԼίȫǰԼתл;ͷһƬԭδ˵öԣǰûнĻôδ
ǰδҲǰġδģֻܿõõȴԲ
̫ˣ
뿪Ļþ
δزµһУʵĻҲʣֻǻǣиһˡҪͻ󣬿󡭡
᲻ޣᣬ֪ǼٵģҲ뿴δˮ
δԭǾ֮ϣ߲ʵȴΪίȫôã
õԲ᲻ãúܼ尾δȴúҸ
ֻδһˣʱ̫Ѱˣ־ᶨһûĵ䣬δҲǻѹġ֪ҲǰģʹǰܵٶίҲܸԼΪǵδο֮ɿڵοֻ
ã
ϣӲҵġ
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뷢飬ǷˡԼһĻ쵰
ϣûУϲң¡һ㣿
δﲻѪ³һ¿ѪҲܽȾѪ¡
δ֪Լ˺أģڲ֪ԭ϶δǡӦôϰһǰģ֮δ
ǣϲŮûʲô飬ųŪ
δ㻹಻塣
δŵУһֱŮӣʼȡĹ˿˼δе顣
飿ʲô
ҡҲҪЩĵֻҪ㹻ǿͺá
ǡɱҵɣ
δͻȻЦˣЦаδЦᶼˣǿЦ鲻ڣԣֵһᡣ
ǡŮĮĿδʵ̫ףʱгôЦó
ЦʲôʲôЦģ
ֻǾá鷳ѡұģ̸飿
вг裬ЩǿʵɫԼģĵʱҲᶺŪһǣ˾ȫߡδһϲߡҿЩг裬ܻ۾졣
һֱг裬Ҫˣʲôˡ
ûĵģϲκˡҲǾãδгȤһ㣬ߣҲų⡣δԽԽ಻ˣΪ˭ҹ飿
ϲ˷ϻĳٵͺáȴδδôãûĿ飬δô飿
ϣո˵ʲôûģ
δһ̵ı飬ȴ˵ǿ޻ЦҲһ̣ץסһݣ飬ôЦɡ
ŮĮȴ˵ͷ
ȷʵûģǡ
ԭˣԭˡ
δˮ£ȴЦŵġûġѹԼŬôãһ鶼ûСδԼֻҪһľͿˡ
ԺԼôԼδţֻҪһģһᰮ?
ǹҪǰһ̣δʼˡδ֮ĲʵûôֻǲöֶѡȫҪ
ҪδҪ
֪δҪʲôˣҪ
ԸҪǿģҲδɢδôۣļôۣһ۵ģɢ֮࣬걻鼷ѹжʹδʹ
ˣǰԼԴԸԼҲδ
δȴ
סˣ֪룬δĿڣϣȫҰɡ㲻ӦδͲ
Ķߣ˵Ļı䲻ʲôģڻþС
δ飬᲻ֶȥģԼı䲻ˡ֪Ľȴֻؿţʲôı䲻ˣʹǰԼΪʲôûģ
ģΣ
ؿδһԼһģûĵڡ
δ֪ĺԼɢ޷ֻأֻҪϼǵһжֵõġ
ݪһֱô㡣δЦˣžȴɢ
ûģұģģҡ𣿡

δ·ħһ㣬ʹסͷʹͷʹΪδ
俴һǰԼǸŮˣҲסԼؿڣ𾪡
δˣɢֻһģСһαˮ
ؿڣǴδܹģ
ûˣڣȴˡûеĿģһ˲䣬޴ıˣѹҪԺģȫδ
ЦŭĶʼɣıˣеһУ·
δʵǲֻǡûģ֪ѡ
ġܡ
δΪˡǸɵӣԼǸͷβ
----
ӻþгޱؿۣС̫ˣԼٿһδĶһĸоԼؿڣɫܲ
δ
ôҵδĽ𣿡
ǲǹģ
ʲôħʹˣʹαôδΪһף۶䣬ҲԹġĶӣôһˣ̣ķʽŶ
ǶδãҲòȥ˭һʼδģ
δһʼ޵Ҳ²ôҡδһʼûи飬һ˸飬ȵ޷ܣҲԼ޷ܡ
δİǲƽݣƽ𱰣ƽ?
֪δ֮䣬ҲԵֵģԵȫδǿģҲɹˡ
ĻҲ޷վߵָˣ˵öԣδı磬Σ׵ģҲǳ
ˣ˵ЩˣδĽᣬħҵ𣿡
룬ֻҪδٱδȥκˣȻϱ⣬ֻҪϲɡʧȥһΣٴʧȥˡ
ҳһ°ɡ
֪ëߣǰѹȥһѣ֪δĽʲô
δ˼һ򲻺ò£ƭҪô֪δĽᰡ
δȷδĲл꣬ҲûжԹԡδִĽᵽʲô
ٴδ壬ƺֲУڿҪʧܵʱͻȻʲô˵δ㲻ȺӺÿˡ
ʵҲԿûϣһΡȻɹˡ
䣺
ʧôΣ㶼ˣĽᾹȻǡǳμʱ˵ǾȺӳ
ǿЦãδӣĺСӣĵ㣬Ҳ˺Ѳ¡
δ徹ȻɹˣڴδɣȻ󡭡һֻè
䣺
èʲôèɫ󣬵Ǹδͷɫ
δ̽Եؽһ
ȻͿſڵϵİèһ˵ӡſڵϣɫס˹ŵĺ󱳣޳õΣһδǣ֮£ȻһβͣδԴϣȻһԶ䡣
δûѵģǶԶȴԼǳɰ
һ°
ͷһȻ󡭡ԣڲʱ򣬶ǡδôˣ
δѡ
δֻôֵļ⻬ϸ壬ָмѣ·һϺõ
δۣۣѩɫĽëµ٣ۿٴζһ˾ޡ
δգգ۾ëҲŲ˲ڿǰ֮һ˵ϡ
ϣδ㰡
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