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 1 


Ƶֵ˴룬ԭֻƷҲ
־ӵҽ߱˳ӺͲյǲµӣʣеŵҲԼֵǮ
Ÿ֦ӣһ˲ͱϵҷķŮһ
Цӯüؽʦ֣ժ͸ӷŽŹϴ
СεػЦȴǲزסġ
ʦãСˣÿÿѰ·ܰһ
ʦժʲô־ôƾ˸ӳţһ߳һ߸岽
Ҳôһʣ־һѵõˣƷ˽ڵӿ֣ժȡӻȡǮҽҩãȫĺ¡
£һŵӼͨӲ࣬ĺĵӣǲġ
ֳƼãţժЩӻȥʲ衣ºͣҲƽȡ
ƾˣһгԵľйЦʦгԵĿɲѽ
Ȼ
ƺҲƽƽһ죬ֱʦϢǴ£ǣʦִ˸ͽܻ
ǻ̽û֪ʲôݱģϢʱ汾Ȼݱ·߼˸Ż
ǲţʦʲôοţϻ˱ȵù
ʦ־ݣֹؼ˫鿵ϹŴس
ţϽˮĶҲûͣհ綨ֲ⣬˵ͺɱ޳ҲԭϾܵסġ
ֵѻС磬ַԭأҲ֪ʲôʱῪֻҪģѱǳ޻Ҳ޷
Ū껨ݣ巽ס壬һ·˲ٵӵۣԾݴҲ˵ǳ֪
ǸˣºڷģһͲʿء
壬䣬ĿɴذȻƺ䣬建ţ䴫֮
ʱڵ˵ʲô廹ûڣݾе̧ͷ巽
ݵȣһ۹ȥֻһɫ˫ʣ̲ס̾䲻ϯֲʧǡ
ĺ˸βüۼ京ЦʽȻͬվһǢ
ϲʦ幰˹֣ݵʦֵܼαؿ
˵ţת߿ӣƣʦ壬
壬岹䡣
ʦãҽĪƣĪǴЦڵģüģִ󷽣˲øС
ʦֶáЦ⼫ǳòľ롣
ĩЩȣŵԭƫЩûһҪˣʦֵɽϣ˾䣺ʦ𣿡
ͽǼ¡
һţϯӣҲδ
ûչͽܣĪƣǾݵĴˣչأݴˣòϿɵӣվЩԲ˳
ݾ㲻ͨʣҲ벻һ㡣
ҲʦֵܶʱʳݳĬһϾ嶯ҸϢħߣҶҪһĵһ¡
νĵ£һͽľһ
˵廹Ǿʧ׵ƫ˵ʲôʱ򣬾ͼЩЦ⣬οԵҲչ鲻ʧġ
ȰĻֹڿڣʮʦֵܣ֪ոͽܣʮѵˡ

 2 


ݵͽ䶨
ڽ࣬ŵӲϰĪƻûаʦҲֻܸͨѧѧ־ľһ¼
嵣־һĽѧʱܼĮ̄µӰЦʣβһУɾ䣬ſŬ۲Լ˯ŵģҲʮֺЦ
Ȼ־Ȼὲ˽ܣڵӷȥ˲٣ϻǵձƵĽһ飬ҲĪĳŵӡ
ԽľȻٲ˽޴ܣҪıңߡ֮󣬵ҲЩʢȡ
Īą̃ʦ渵֮｣ɣֲԾ
ɽҰ˵֮ˣݾƽľ޴תۣһ˴һնɽǡ
ĪǻǱǴӣץ׹ţԴ𡭡
ǱĪƳ׻ȥǰ֣Ӧ£á
ĪٶʱѾϾ˱ؽ磬ԶɽоݣӽԺ󣬾ʦˡ
Īݵ֣˵Ĺ¶ݾسľľ콾Ȼ෴ˣȻҲнʱ
ʦ𡣡
ڡ
󣬾ˡ
̨Ͻѧʦ壬𵤣ҲǾѵõˣκоȣ츳ڵһ
ߵߵ
ȻߵĪ˼̧ʱվߣ˵ţʦֶ˵ʢȣ˼⣬Ҳܻķѧҵ
סĪƵһˣһشţŷոͷᴰȥˣⶼûǳ⣬Ĳס
Ҳ֪Ƣ̫˻ΪԼʦϵá
Īڴһ£˽Ҫסˣʦ泣չزһüʦҲ̳ʦͳչزӰ
ͬʦֻƾڣи޽ڱչء
ӼãȴѧϲԼŪݣƾҪѵöˣҲֵģʱ崮Ŵڵͼͬŵӡ
ͬӵĴʦѽҪóƾĪĳʳĴָò˵ʦͽյ̫ˣҲ̫óˣܳԵԵʡ
˶ûȫĪƾ⻰ɴԼʦŹ棬嶼ᣬͬʦʦɹĵߣûеΪȥһȺɹʿʦʦãò̫С
Ҫҽ㣿̵ֶƾգգۣȻĪƾܾһǵʦɡ
ǺðɡҲ˵˵мʦУָָԼʦֶԣɾͷʦˡ
Ĭس¹棬ĪҲֻܵȡ
ŵţҪ뾰ͽĵһҲ͵ˡ
ĪƾţƵģɽˮãͶԴ
ۼŵӺȺŵ˻ֿ˼仰·;ӡ
Īƺƾ˽
Сʦ壬ЩϹ۵ģ
԰ȻɽϾҲϿˣǵһִʵ֮ڡƾΪǵϣһ߽ˣæĪïҶ˵㣬ҪǱʦץʦֶǻˣ
ò˵ʿ֮ǻͦ࣬͵;ֻ֮ĪƿɣԼԼϹһڵһ֮ʵɹ֮ǰϵ˼
ʦ֣ѼȻѰˣΪβһأĻûͣ
ԵԻαԡΪǵƽȣĪƻû˵ЩʲôϹһ˾ͽ˾
ʦѰˣĪƫͷҲһʣû뵽һߴߴƾĬˣһƵһϹӡ
Ϲӣ
ٲܴѲߵץ˾͵ýһˡƾûˡ
Сʦȵң

˿̣ǧ֮ı籮ӭ¿ͣ΢п͵Ļɢȥ
Ҹһԡʵеûµ˼յ˵ԻҪΪͬ鲻ˡ
īأǰߣҪԵĻҲ䵽ȥ
ҹǶѪְ֮ȵҰ
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ıЩȣӭ͵ƾ˻¿ˣѶ߶ȥ˵ɽջ뺯Ҳ½½ˡ
ֻͽ俪ʼ
ʦ֣ΪʲôҪ˰ƾӣȻ滪ջһ˫ӣʱúãʱɽֻͨţӰûš
Ա㲻ӣҲзӽЩҲ˻
ҪҪҲǿģΪľĵһ鱨Գƾƫǵĺջħ޳ڸ
ⲻ룬Ͼ·磬룬Ķࡣ
˼ȥԾ˱λ滪͸ջ
ƾĵӣˣǼģ
Сʦ壬ˡ
Ӵ˰ƾˣ׷˾䣺ôôǸô
⡭ǹӴߣҲû塣Сһ٣һֱǹӦòǴеı츮ģùҲΪ
ŶƾʱʧȤջȤҪΪջݵ˶˵ÿ\ÿƾŰɣҪۺÿ˭ܱʦֺ;ʦֺÿ
ǻôأţֹһݵģƾ˲Ž˾䣺һǾոÿЩ
ǣʲôЦʦ;ݣһ˼£һɣһħܱȣ
ɹƾȫˣʵ¡
һûƾӰ죬רŵǽĿκܽᣬʱ䴽ǣҲûЦȻǱݶˡ
͸ǽ˽ڹڱ֮ĿΣеӿκܽʾˣ룬ʴɣΪأ䷽Բʮ鲼ǿ֮ء
ƾפɽ죬ĪҲˣ˵Ǿˡ
ĪǻʮģϲɫҲĲˣºڷβģӢӢǣƾĻ˵ټӸȥҽˡ
Сʦ壬ô˵ԼʦֶģĪŭƾͷЦòУ˵꽨ĪƾѵĳϣΪˣһóԵƾֻûĪƳֵˡ
ģվֱ˳ŵӵûѵ˵İãҲˣʱ˽ߺˡ
Ϊ׵ǳԺϯγգλԺŮ΢¡
˰ѵһƾŸп˾䣬ʲôˣ𾪵ΣҩǸ
ʾ⣬ҩȵڲϣͽǾԥ˺ܾҪҪҩȵκΣҩȵٹܵԺȥˣһҲҩˡ
ôϹǺӶ֪ڲԵʵƾĿͳԺһȥ
岻ÿɷֻץصĪƽܣûʱ˾䣺Ǻˣʦֶͬӣɣóһʦ֣˱֡
õģʦ塣ĪӦ£һ΢£Ǹʦ壬ʸ⣬ͬĵӣΪߵĴǶٰ
Ӧǽ𵤣Ժϯγձǽ𵤳ڡ
ȷҪʦ𣿡
š
õģʦ塣
һûе˽нʿʦܣйϲġ

 3 


λǺɽԡβ˵λãĪƾ֪ԶȺΪλǺɽˣʿվλúܣλıȻоߡ
һֱûʱ廰ƾͻȻ˿ڣԾǸɵӣ㲻ù
ţĪƲԣ徹ҲûƾĻ
Ⱥɽһ˹ȥƾЩûĪǸŵĶԹ𣬾˲˻⡣
СʦúôĻƽĪҲҵģ
ĪʶϹ۹˼Զɷǵģ˵Ҳʮ˵ž֣ѰʿֶҪ㡣
ƾ˽¶ģĺڵúܡ
Īû˼ԶĶĺڣͦ׵ġ
ƾǺһЦ㲻ɵӣӱ֡
Сʦñ㲻ң˼ԶҲա
һ֪ŶƾҲӣ˼Զˣˣ˵Ҳ˵Ҳ˶޷֮ƫƫ˼ԶͬѹһͷÿĲ˻Цеģˣˣ
СʦúαˣҲһͬԴ
ʦ⻰ǲɽšƾ䲻ռˡ
Ҳ޶ȵģ˼ԶȻȻת˻ͷҴ˷ΪѶ
˵˭ָЩҲֻܻƾˡ
뽲
Ŵ֣֪ҿҼʶһ
Ȼ
˵ſ׻жȥ
ֻʣƾĪ
ǲǱʦˣ
ţ
˼Զ㺬˽ϲЩӣĽνï˵֮⣬ҶƮЩ
ֻƬؽ̸ţ˼ԶȻûε˼ڵѿһԡ
ɻ۵ףûֱӲأӦţڼҲء
˼ԶһЦǲԸǲң
޹ء
׽Ŀζ˼ԶЦҲŨЩһ˳ʱ·ȥȻԵԵپʱ
ò׼˼Զ˼ҲûӦ
ܣѰٵʮҪЩ
******
ڵĳοʼէǰͬΪĵӱ˲ͬĳΣͨʶûĵӵһ쿪ʼУΪˡ
ȻĪһ
׵ϥҲ֪˯˻Ǳ۶ѧϰĪ͵͵⣬һһ棬ڳжǰܵľ
гεĲֹǱڵӣһ򽲾ɣ˵ؽ磻ڷ죬˼ԶΪ׵Ϲ۵ϰŻ
ֹһ˲ۣǼƽ͵һ˫ۣ뿪ţעŷݵôһձҲֻʣ¡
ɢȥŹվͻ᲼ǫ̨̃ǧ˹ǲġ
飬ǳһͼʦֵ͵ش˶ҵȺĪһسȥϳģҲֻһƳƽ߹
ϯϲ֪¡
θ˲絽һȥڽЩʲôȤ£ĪߴЩ
ţԾ˹ǣʦһĮƫΪͽ˲٣룬ʦմմ˼̻ĥǺõġ
ʿϲǳɫУҲƫص˿޶ࣻͬƷ׵ĵҲһ𣬽볤ϱֻԪӤŵ²⴩š
Щ£ĪƲ֪ݲ֪ܲȴĬĪƳȴϵʱ䶼һµҹ䡣
ǵƾһηµʱŲڵĺӸп簮Ҫá
ʦֶϲá;ݽƣȻЩп
ʦҸ㽲³˽ܡ
ʦַˣ
⡭⣿ûе£

ͽ俪ʼǰϦ˸Сۣ˸ĪͬٮٮߣҲоݵ⣬ʱݾܵǲˣʦҷġ
ݲҲãС۱СʶʶģԪӤҪǲ˽Сۣ˭ڡ
ѵص㶨ƷֲԶӵβ٣Ʒڹϵɽˮ֮أǰСĺõط
ҪеٮٮߣĪʵϽеóֵҲϹ˼ԶͳԺγա΢¡
ΧǢǽպͼϢĪӺǴһƬǷַӵ¡
˲ǺҲɣƾСžѵúȾƲĻᣬɲܷŹ
ˣա廰û˵꣬ͼԶĳ΢·ƣʾ
΢ںȲĶγգˮӴЦ꿡㣬仯һ˲䡣
ŶУĳ΢ȹߵƾȥСʦһСë
˵Żεر˸ơ
ƾգգָָۣԴСӦţ
˶ӣһʱԣ΢룬Ӧʦô˵Ҳû⡭
ȫ֪Լں˵Ķγ˷Ĩȥǲգȿˮ侲侲Զ꿡˵ոޱȣɱʦ֤
ۣ
γһˮֱˣջʿɹҲɹŵøմƾ͵ĳ΢ܡ
ʦ㻹𣿣
ôˣӦô󣿡Ժһѧ֪γʧ̬Եɵ˼Զֲ´
˦ԾĶγѵóĬˣؿ˼Զ̱Ըʦûȥ
ƾϯ޳ӣĪﷸˣ
ڣ΢¸ҽһ£γûջϢܣ´ѣεġ
ʵ֤ϲ֡곤΢½ܵĪţʦΪʲôôո̫ˣǡ
γͫһץԼʦȹǣѴϣҪ
ΪĪƻҪʣͱֹס˻ͷϢſϷʿֻź
ϾɢˣҲûʲô˵ģһɢȥ
γս賤΢վмؿ壬ллʦ壬Ǹˡ
¡ܾĲ̫Ե屣ų߷緶˵ǳ߷緶ʵҲûĴ꣬ҲǱָЩ
ûԭĪЩʵؿŶγˣ˼Զûʱһæ˼Զеϵϵ˳·һ߰ɣ
á
һпΪοʦֶҲ֪Ҫͬùϵˡ
ʦ֣ҾֻԺϯ¡
ƾһߣʱʹĪˣԭγոջԺǰͽˡ
γջǸҩٹҪΪµһ͵ɣջαװݽҩȵѧͽ
γٹϲڹսԽһȺҽ޽ܺõĶȥοٹҶ֣γԾ޵֣Ϊµһ޼ֱָտɴ
꣬Ѫͷײջ塣
ѧͽĬԣγռȱȽֻᣬγúܣ˵ţ
ʵ֤ø
ĳһջǷҲҪ͵ѧĶˣջ˶γյս
ϸսγղ˵˵һΣջȷʵˣС䰮޵н
ҲγԼӻתͶԺ
ƾ棬ջ˶ҪͶ˱죬׷ɱ²ŵĺȥ
Ҳһ׷ɱ͹۵ʵջǽΪǹϹҽһˣöӶʦֶ֮±֪ҲһģҪ׷ɱǵȥ޻ص³
Լˣ岻пͶǱ죬Ͷħͷ۵Ҫһˡ
Ŷƾͬصͷô汾ҶûһΣ
屾ջûʲô뷨˽ﴦ׵º񣬹ƫúܣǱôýӽġ
ݸǷŵģݿƵĮȴģԴҲʵʵĺãҲϲʣηʿҲͰ鿵¸ߵ˵˴ϱ

 4 


겻ʮԪӤߣΪ
ԪӤһˮ룬ɷȷҲƽƽԪӤ⡣
Ա֮ĵһԪӤǧĿյ˾鿵Ҳ׿֮ӡ
ʮأδͽ˼һҪչŵӣƫǸɽ¼ķˣ㿼ҲûУ˲ǰ˵ûģһЩʳһֱҪݾΪʦʿ
֮һһֱڽ£Ҳ¼ӣ겻ʮԲΪʵʵڵĿ֮ţڲٳ϶ͽ˼ûӦ۰Ͱ͵ʦʦһͽ
κΣĪһˡ
һ֮ˣһŽҪһҰοû£ȻݲΪʦʦ廹ûͽһлġ
ȻһЦ
Ϊʦʲôõģ
ͷ˵ʦ壡
һͷֻɽԴűɵҿʲѵ͸ͨӣ
ͨΣΪһڣԴʦáҲǺ˵ģ˱ʦȣ˭֪ʵӵߡ
ԣʦ岻У
ںͺɽеСӵģϾɽһϣר޽ڣӰ˵ʿУӦǵ֮Ľ޵һڣκһὣޣǿھһµ˵޵һţǿ϶ڰ
Ȼһһ֣ԾͱɫЩڲԵԲ´ӻ㣬һħ޹᲻˵ʦǲ֪ߣͨӶ㣬ѹ鿵ûеķ˵ʲӹŵӡ
ţססĵһš
ʦ˫Щ˼òƷãҲͷ˿ڽǴ粽ãɽɵӲò廰Ȼֻһˣһ漰ԼʦҲνǶ־
ţһȺͲ˽
ʦܣЦ棬֪ڸ
Ҫڵʮɤ˿ȣĪƹֵʦ֡
鿵ҪյĹŵӣԲ廰ೳݱģĵӻûĵûȥûУô
˵𣿡ĪָָԼ޹ؿԣǵãϾСʦ嵱ԾǸɵӡ
˭Գ
˵еĪƻû˵꣬Ӱȥǳθ˫Ϣѹʩ¡
ҵͽܣֲ˵̡ˣָ೤Щλ߲ŭ֮
ûһۣ͸ѹȸʮˡ
ҧҧͼԪӤѹǿ£ƫĻţֻܵ޴⣬Ǿ˲żüãλʶȵϵĺá
ͽ壿ֻôһۣԶʱȻ
˵ȻϾڷ
ûû
ɽһ˲̶ֻȥҲԼɨϸ
Īƿ۾ݣʦ𣿡
ֻ
Ī̲סЦ¶һڴսЩţ𣿡
С¶ѡ
Ī׽ס˾䡣

ƣҪţҾݵͽܣݲ۸εؿĪƣͻȻԼôĬس¹ҲãĪƵΪ˵¡
áĪЦžһû֣ţʦǻȥɣҸС̶
ΪʦѱٹȡݲڵرۣͽܣϲЩɿɰСʳֲСӣҲٹˣƫƫĪڴܾˡ
֪֪ĪƷӦţȻ˳ɻҪ˵Сӣ˶˵ʦ¸ߣʦǰܷЩҲĬķ
ĪڰʦʽʼǰﶼһŽֻǵõʱ˺ܶ࣬һȥʮɫģ̨ϵĳǰҲׯصúܡ
Ψǣκ͸ĥȥԺǣߵʱӶǣԲҰãã˭ģ
ݺΪѵõ˵һѻĪûȥֱںӴʣԸ£
ȻԸ⡣Īƴü죬һǸβ£ͷһ⣬̴ӳͷƤۣԼǵһΣ˵׼ڵ˶ôصĪû
ڣƽʱһҲۡ
һû˯ĪΪԼѾģһ־磬;ݽӴʱֺȻͽаʦߵףʦ¿ɾͶȥҪ¹أҪѵ룬ҪͽܽͽҵһСʽ
Īɱ̴ԼϯλˣݻҪϯشʺ͵
һвסÿǰʿм죬Ҳ֪ĸ˲ŲϯλѳԺͱϯλ˶ϯĪɨʱͼγɫôõͷŲ衣
һϯˣһλĹྐྵӣһλīģ˸סߣҲ˵ĿҪǣ˶ǳɫǰ£˵ɫʵۡ
ྐྵλҲûֳΧԾԣͼõӵݹӡ룬ʮʮǱ滪磬ôôǷ
ĪȤؿϯγȫ̾ʵջԹ£΢¿򶨵ö࣬ݲӵֺȡ
ĪԸĥʱĹвҪύĹ辴ƣͬٮٮߵңңٱʾ⣬ĪҲһһЦŻӦǾܣ컹пأܺȾơ
ǲģֻе˲ˡ
գطݻָĪƼнʽദҲˣĪʵʸദʱ䲢࣬ʱ䣬ݶڱչ
ĪʽţӦģĪһڴһСд
գҹȴҹҹ꽫ʱʦļϢݾƣĪһ࿴鲻̫ãţʦҪȥʦ𣿡
һ㶣ǲ֪˵Щʲô˽ڵϵ֮Уȥȥͻء
ţáĪƵͷ;ݳݸûɡæܣţʦȵȣɡȰ
ɡ׷ʱĻû˾ݵӰȻƷȥġ
Īɡɵؿ۵ƣ߶ԪӤʿֺ֣ڵøϽѾһû˯ˣ绹гΡ

 5 


ʱգĪƴͷţţ͵εصȻߣӱϹϾغŻڿͷĪƴʦֲ֣˼ġ
ͨʶλ˸곤ķ̣һѴ˵ӣǵòٵӻ˯ĪƳװΣ˼ȴɵ˾ȥ
ʽŵˣʦҲý˰ɣǲ֪ʲôʱ̡
֪಻ȥˣվһѱСܲͷ˭·֪ۡ
糣һڿˣĪţƵػȥιţֳԣһڵֵĵҲ֪ʲôʱᷢѿǵصصϾˣʵֲֻԼԼϰˣҲܲס֡
ţӲʪأȦҪˣżŵˮ䣬ĪһӣҲʪ⡣
̧ͷȥֻչãԶЩʦֶԶŲ֪Ĵ羰Īֻʦ𣬾
Ƭ̣ϢվţȥĪҲţǣţһɽߣܸоԼʦ鲻̫ãΪʦɼ¡
ʦҸ㽲ͨʶʦˡ˿µദϰĪƽĪƺԶвĵʱϵΧҲ׸Ⱦˡ
еµӣϳǰȥˣѾð磬ʱӦþܲˡĪƽЩС£죬ҲԾչüͷʱһʾԼ
⣬ĪţʾţֿԻԼȥˣͷȥʱֻɫ滺˲٣Ŀײһȥ˵˾䣺㲻ȥˣȸҰɡ
õģʦ𣡡Ī͵ص˵ͷ֪Ⱦ仰ˣҪʽʿ
ʱ£Ʒ崫ӴõϢ˵˽ѧĲ£ȥԼơ
ź޲ĪҲ˺һ˵ǵСۣҪҪȥ
ʦȥҾȥ
λƷ壬ƷΪҽ޺͵޺ϲĴ壬һ޵ӣܴһԭΪ岻ãסýҲüʱҽ
ĪǱģϾŵĹؾԪӤԺˣԴĵһӡǴⰻȻһľ󣬾£ҲЩ
ô˾ַ羰ѵĵطʵܷϾס߱ʣ֢£òǿģ£Դһ
ľԵʡ
ƫˣļƷҲ޲ߡ
Ǻʲ裬˵ԭ϶ԲĥģڸҲá
ƾĪƺȲԵĳԵ棬ݵ˿ڲͷˣţ㵽ùʲô
ҹ̷ʮ꣬Ҫȥġָƾ˱裬ƽȡ
Ҫɽ
š
˼һʱƾĪƲҿóĬʮִůĵܡ
ֱƾԸǸҭǺȳŴ˳ĬĪæˮҲԾɫ΢΢򴽵ԼʲôҲԼΪΣʦֺʦòعֵǡ
ݴûƾС˿ڣʦ֣ôˣ㻹Ҫȥ𣿡
Ҫȷʮ꣬ǰ꣬ǧꡣ
Ī˾ݺ˵ʲôС۴ǲɢġ
㾰ֺ絽ҹ룬ĪԾ»Ʒͣ治ɽ߷壬Ҳ·Ĳ١
ݲ֪ůһϮΣƣ¼䣬»Ϊɡ
žҹ룬ĪƶһϹ֮ǰݿ˿ڡ
ʣƣУҪô
⡭Ҳ֪ʦ𡣡ĪǹһҲǺܶʲôģҪĻϵǣҲһʦ
ҲݴԴ
ϻʦ𲻶£ĪƫͷʦǸ֪ĴڣȻӾҲ⼸
ȷʵû̧ۣҲƫЩΪΣִ
Ϊǣɡ
ǣ
ǣ˺˵ǣʲôġǣǣ˼ǣ˼ҲУమ֮ǣҺʦҲС
Һ㣿
ʦͽǣһΪʦΪʦʦʦ㣬Զ䡣
ԭˡƶǶӴʵ٣յĸָ׽ЩҲʦȪˣʦʦƾУͽܣĪơ
Щνǣֻǣûǰִˡ
뿪ˣĪȻøɽߴˣʵҲǾݴ磬Ҫžݰˡ
ڶ죬Īƻǲϵģˡ
᪻õҽ޸ҩͯҲŷԸҩȥˣֻʣ齱ߡ
ĪƾԼշֵͦģǵһھ￴Ϊ֪
Ϊʦ
û¶ʦҺءĪƴϣȻҾ͡磡
ĪĳЦЦû¡
˼ǲܡ
ݿĪƺҩŴҴҳȥûƾųԵ̽Īˡ
ƾҲû뵽ô̽ģʼֻҸྣĪҲûʲô⡣
ʦɽȥˣƷİƾ̾˵ʦֶ㿴ͦ׳ôҲˣ
Сʦ㴵ɽԣ
ôµģ
ᡣĪһҭת˻⣺ʦôɽˣ
԰ʦֵƷѡܶƾҰҰ졣
ÿӶҪȥ𣿡ĪԼ;ݵĳҲΪݵϾš
ǣǿѡģȤϵӿȥùӣǶ࣬ҲѡѶȣͬŵӽҲû⣬ԺĽҲͬ
ǰ𣿡
ǣֵ˼ġ
ôǣĪƽʡ
Щľ͹¡ƾν
񼫵أ
ȡ
ϣʿ
ˣлְšƾȻڵİһ㻹ûʦ޽ţֶҪġ
ţĪȤ
֪ƾ˾䣺ԺɽˣҪ۸㣬ͺһ䣬Ҿ޽׼۸ˡ
Сʦ𣿡Īֹ
ȻƾȻ
ôƭҡ
ϵرĺһϣʱҲ죬ǸմĸóԣźҩͯӾ͹ˣ˾ݵĶˮ˵ɤӲá
һϵ˲ԼͬĬˣôˣԪӤܣǧ֮һһҶ͸
ʲôû˵ʦҽ͡ƾ
ĪƹɺҩֳĬԾݵӣ͵˽˳ǲĪһˣһʶ⣬ǵ̸Ҳ˸ͷƾ˵Ļǰٷְûġ
ʦɤˣǲҪСʦˡĪôţֺ˿ҩеࡣ
̤ĺɫʱĪιţ֣ӱͺãָҩϢ첡ǲȫˡ
ݿιţι˲ſʵ޵ĵ𣿡
ĪƼȻΪʦǱȻҪΪ޵ģֻ޽ҲǷֺüġ
ؽ֣֮ң
ûСĪֶȥֳɾֲŴյȥ
Ҹպúÿһ¡ݵ˿ƣǲƣԿǣٽúԼһ
á

 6 


ڵĲĸһȥ⣬ĪƳʾƽ˲ж죬м侹һŸҲϷֲ㡣
ĪƵѯظ˹ڽ޵鼮һһ࣬˽ݣڲǧҪؼĿ˵죬꽣ز顣
ңǽƺֻҪйңĽͼעһһǧǰ˫֮ҲǧΨһɱΪĴڡ
ֻǸϲɡ֮
ʫݸƽ⣬һľҲ˵ʯµļǧԴ档
ɾ˫ɣʧԼԻ͵ʱ̣ͽ˷˲²⣻˵ˣҲ˵ɽ֣˵£ûһЩĴ𰸡
Īһҳҳ¾ֽӺ˵ļעܸǽǣȻ㾪޾֮˲ռңĴƪ£ңļߣһŽйľһƽңħܲ塣
齣עҪٵĶ࣬һҲٵĶࡣ
ĪƷ飬ҳСдţ뼫֮֮
룬ȥ飬ˣô뼫һ졣
ʱתۼţĪټʱ⣬ˣ
Īƹһݣ𣺡Ըң
֮еĴ𰸣ҲûͼȰĪңָ㲻٣޽ʦˣԶ
áĪƵͷӦ£޽˵Ǹգԭطʱʦط޼Ϊ޽䰮֮ġ
ƾ۾ǣ޽ʦԸĽһӡ
ĪƾţԽնԣԼĽһҲǴ°
******
ǸʦĪƿСҲ٣ĪƵĶڶԴǽϰʦ
ĪƵͨʶαͣˣݵ˵̵úЩЩͨʶŹƾ˵ʦͨʶοԳԣѧ޵ĸʻή͡
ʵĪͨʶһšľ־ĴϾ֪ʶȫ˸ƣƾ꣬²ǵ÷ꡣ
ڣڣͨʶͣĪҪעصľǽˡ
ĽôĻԼĽʽĵطоָ㡣
ӾĿӦĲġ
¹ȥʽĪ˸߰˰ˣҲɽ»ˣ˵Ǳչؿһ޽ʦͻƳɹճء
ݸн޽ʦܳأ͸ѧ
ɴӦµĪûλʦĳô̼
ִŵƽĵطѡһҲѡܻ˶ƷƷֽǹͬʱӦҲЩٶۣĪƺٻѡ
κĪѧ츳ѣལжһͻᣬΪ۽ͬʦʦȥģһʱѾûˡ򲻹
ĪһȦûֻñŽһ̾
ǸֳؽĿߵĪǰʱĪƲϲִõĶֻľⲻˣĪ˰ľĶ˿Ϻ˵ϲãȻҲע⵽ִýϰʦǼ˺
Ǻʮֺˬ
ءĪӦ
ɵִʱĪƲŷ֣˵ˡ
˹ѸһľѣУҲ潣ƣĪƶսеһ˳ĸоϰƵһˣľȴֱ׷ÿÿᱻǽѸȻƽ
ĪֱͶʮֵȥʱעŶֵĶ˵ıҲ˹ؼʱ̣һĪתƣ⼫ΪǿĶֽ̨ȥ
ۼӱƽĪӽһ˲˱̨µ˶
׶ɫֱֱĪС
Īƴ˴һʱûܰѴ͵ıȻǱӴе㷢ɡ
ʦܰľ̨ϰʦڵķλ塣
ĪƻЩ£ԸŽڣýôҵģǵһոʦûüͣųɾҪ̨ȥ
޽ʦ֡屧˱ȭǰǷĴ޽ͬͬʱҲִ֮ؽһˣǰЩӱչسȥˣû뵽һؾʹԼʦֶ֡
ոСӾǴʦյͽܣ޽ĪʧǵıӰµţճؾ˵ִñһ¿ĵ˳ӣϰʦǵս˸飬ΪգȻǶ˸Ȥġ
ǡӦţ޽һͬߣһȥͼĪƱִõСľһ߷Ȼ˴졣
κ޽ûһԾԣһЦһĪƵķߣ¶һڴģֻȮ
޽ʦ֡廽
޽Ű߽Īƣ޵ĻʱҲһĪƱϣСӣȻʹ
ĪƱһĵһȣҲ֮ǰ㣬ֻû֤޽һжأûн˫ֻŵģҲõȥĪƲ̧ۣ㡭㡭
޽ʦ塣弰ʱӻסĪƲڵڵ
޽Īƴ۵ɴۣһʱԡ
˳Ĭ޽ʦ֣ʦֻںɽ㡣
ŶŶȥ޽æӦЦźĪƵˡ
һ˾澰ݴϢ޽ĪƻǾģĪƵļ磬ο޽ʦؽһˣʦֶ³ŹôѾܲˡ
ĪƲ˿Һ˲ͬҪͬǿɶ˶ˡ
֮޽ĪƵĳĪôôΡ
ҹƮıѩʾ붬ˣĵؽ磬붬ܱطЩڶĪƳʱѩѾͣˣֻһƬѩ
Īѧ̽ʦؽ޽Ըʦݣ߼ͨ
չ͸ڰѩ֮ϣƫֲůⰨѩ
ĪƱŽһԣžݸʾУݳ˽ĽůѩźĹ⣬ʱҲֻ׷ǵĺۼ׷֮ˡ
Ƿ׷ɼ佣Ӱݽпü˿嶯ĪۣŬ׽䶯
ԶһƬҶⳣ˲Ϊ֮ϸ΢춯Īȴת˽ʽѸǿϵҶ
ĪΪһϡҳû뵽ȴǿҶھݽ֮ϣ
һ˲Ҷ䡣
ʦôһʽ⽣֮⡣ĪƸô룬ݾͿ˿ڣ֮ᣬʦͻá
˽ȲĪƣĪ֮ʲô˼֪ģǽᲢãʽƽ֮ƫְɱᣬٺʲġ
ʦ𽲵ҲܺáĪƽδʣѾݸոյĽʾһ飬ǰ⣬Ҳʮ֮߰ˡ
Ľ츳ô˲ϧš

 7 


Ī˽ȣѾǸŵʿˣһֱûʲôĪԸҲĥԼʲô
ֽľˮУзױǴ˵е
Ϲʱպ񣬲ʦ
֮սػ֣սϡ˴˵˫ţ߸еš
ݣ
ĪǲˣţٲҲǸ˫ɣʦôǲأ
ĪƵ죬ĵһҲڶѩϮּһһѩɼϰŽüۼȻ˼
ּһһй⻪תڽС
ѹ˻ѩɰЩλʿڽԶĪ
崩ýϾݶö࣬Ǵ멣ﻹŸů¯ӣīɢ˴룬˳ǰ𪲱²٣ɫƫЩż
ʦֶȷʵѵ֮š忪˻ͷ
ҵǿ츳עһĪƣʲôƼңĪͽܣϲĻҪࡣ
ʦҲعǡҲڿĪƣ˵ųڼʦֶ㣬űȻҲϿɵġ
û𻰣ʦܶĵǿܶʱû˵˼˵˵Ĭӣֹ֮ǼѺõġ
Ҳ츳׿˵㹻ͽˡЩóʮֿͽܣֹ츳ԭ򣬻ദʦͽͺϺԵ
תͷһۣס˿ȥû𻰣ֻڵɽܡ
ֻЦ
ůԾݴӵɢЩѹµĺ⡣
ⲡǣ˴òֹпΨԼʱѰ
ʦֵܶһȥʱһĪɨʣε֮ɫѩʱֳ˻ңѩʱֻӳɰס
Ȥ
ʮĪ˺춹ڵԪžһ꣬죬춹ڵԪôôϲ졣
ûµ˼Īһվڵ⿴ʮѩǺĪƵϲԵΣͽϲžˡ
ͷʱһɵЦŵĪϲõ˵ţȻǺ֣ʦңоѾԲˡ
ĪЦСҲġ
ûڣԣÿһ춼ûʲôͬϰ١ǧͨһҪȥȹĪôģԾģҲȾ˼֡
֮ǻʲô
׷ѰûУʡˡĪƳ˸ԪҲԸʲôģϾڹ˾Ǵ︴գǲǺܺ𣿡
šݾţĪ⧲ι˸ԪŽߵԲԪ㶣Īƴֵ˵˾䣺ʦԪ𣿿ɺóˣǶʮҪһġ
ĪƵЦʣζ򵥴⣬ſԪʣֻйڲųԪ𣿡
ûԪҲҪԵġ
Ԫڣ
ǹ죡ʦϲĿζҸ׼׼
ޡݱٹȼ磬˼ζҲǲסˣֻǣոιԪġ
ĪΪԼϴܾãʮصҲôӴתۣƫƫŪˣԪڶû㾰ݹꡣ
Ȫ˳ˡ
Ǹ׺ͷֻһͶסĪƣָ£ɫΣĪ⡣
ĪôЩţּľɫƽȣһʱҲֱȪ˿ڣû
졭˵𣿻˵ݣĪеңУȪ˲˵ڶ仰쾭֮壬ޣΪͽҲûκá
쾭֮壿ʦ彲ģ쾭֮߾ܲ˶ͻ磬ʣɲߣˡ
ԪӤĵҪǸ쾭֮壬ȥЦ
Ī˵ֻʦ棬ݵʦȪ˼˵쾭飬ӹδпɽ֮ޣ㻹Ǽʱֹĺá
Ȫ˴ʼնڸһ˽û࿴ĪһۣȻûͽֻҪþ׿ϣͻѰѸ£Īʦš
ûҲûȪˣֱȪ˴ߴ٣ޣ²˾ϡ
ʶģݰ˻ԼȥûĪҲûȪˣְֻݵʦͽǿǡ
ݴĪƻһ·޻ԳĬĪƿǽϵñȦʮ壬ģ͹ԡ
Ī򴽣ڣʦ𣬽ʮ壬ɽµϲԪڣǸԲĺʱ򡣡
ǿܲɣҴǰǺϲյģҼǵǻ̵ϰʱʩԪҺϲӡĪĴһ˿ȣȻ̧ۿݵںǺϲˡ
ơ
ЦʧЦ⣬ո˿ҲݵĴĪǰһԾץס½ǣּĪߣᣬ˷Сţʦ㻹Ҫ𣿡
Ҫ㡣סĪץϵ֣ŷĪָҲ֪һ·˼Щʲô
һ޾֮أһɷĪʧԵĵСžݵı֤
ԣҾݵͽܡĪߴķͣòŵΪʦȥȡһɡ

ޣͿ㣡һվڵȪЩԼŵѪһþǿأֻ˳ʲô
ݲֻͽܡ
ãװռӵ㾹ȻȺͿ֮£
ɫЩ԰ףȴվö˱ۣ̾ҽӡݹͽܣѾˣͽ
㡭
ʦ𣬴˷Ƿ񣬹ּЩݰԼɻʳ˿ڣʦƷԣΪ˸쾭ͽܾͼŰ˸ϳȥȪ֮ǰı֣ȷʵЩˡ
ⲻʶ˲塣ȪƱʹҲԾȥǸɽҰ¶ֵġ
ֻʦ𡣡ݲƽʣ𲻳˻٣Ȫ
ԡȪ˲⣬ռ˿ŲԪݣֵΪʦչغúȥڿʼûΪʦ㲻óɽš
ǣʦ𡣡ݹӦ¡
һʦģֻһΣ÷ֻ˸ֽ˰Īɽȥ
ʦҲûϾֻҪǱʿ֪ˣҪһ

 8 


ʦôŽˣźϣݱֻ֪֮һ
Щ¡ݴ÷Ƶֽ֣İ䵽Ķʡ
Ϊ˽԰ʦֶɽ
ǰɡ
һ߶һ˵Ż嶼ǹĪˡ
пݾȻͽһɽȥӻû˵ԼĪ˷ֻֽ˵££ĪƣҪʱ仺
Īƣǧ
˴ţ˸۶ҵĹӣһţűԵȥ
ǹθϸ뾰оŷƣֻǴ˶ң˭
ĪǣţŲ֪Сһߣˣţִ죬뿪ִϾԵˡ
ʦţϣǣţһ߰ɣĪһ߸ţιһǶҹӣǹĬĬ𣺡ҲƷֻ꣬ģ㻹Լɡ
ֻֽ˱žԪӤԲΪҲʶǣƿҸ֣ᷢøһģһûɽйɽصֽ˸˵ĪƵһ˺
ʦҲˡĪƫͷҲʦ뿪ҡ
˵ģһ˺ͻɢ
˵ֽˣʵϸݱҲǷӦٶЩǱϾһ壬ֻһһݶܸо
ĪϲʦʱҲʶݣĲܳԶ
ڡݡҵԵɣʵ̫ЩʶҲߵù֣ҪʿΪɽݣͲôˡ
߹֮أִϱԵ籮ʱҲˮסȥ·
Īţıţţְһ·ˣȥɡ
ţ˦βˣĪ̲ס죺ţֲ·ϱ˵Ұţץȥţɣ
ᡣԶڸմ붨ĵָһӦ֮ңͽ
ѱﶼģôᱻѰץסţ⡭
ǾͺǾͺá֪ԼոݱһλĪƻʽߴҽ񷤣ɫĸҶ϶ɽȥ
Ī˶ѻ𣬶Żѷ˻ľݰ
Ҫ԰ɣĪ߶ţûõݵĻӦȻƫͷƿ˶һǡ
ʦ𣿡
ײʱʶѶƻȥֹס˶ӦĪƵĻɡ
ĪҰ˵Ҫ㣬ܿҺ˸׵ͣϥڽߵϹ
һľԾĻ棬Ȼηˮ𣬵ϾֽˣôţɵԶЩ
ĪƳ˸֦⣬ھϣһ㶷ұɴƫþݾã˵ߣ֮ңˡ
Īʦ𣬵˽Ҿͳ׳ؽˣ𣿡
һֱߡ˱ɴ̧ۿĪƣֻ꼴ңҾ⣬Īǡ
áĪƱѹ˾ݼϣʱ˾Ĭԡ
Ī쾭֮£ѹĪֺγûзգǵˣҲ׵ܺߡ
ǹ¶һϷСֻֻʮʿܾ˵еңɼżЩǵҰ޶ʳ಩̼¡
ݾΡ
ϮȫǷ˾סĴ䣬Ī׳Ⱥ˼ɽͷҲЩ֧Ҫϵ˿ڼұ˺ѿ
ҪĪĵĬĬԼٿһ磬ͼǴ˵еʿһһ·
ӲԼΪʿû뵽гһվ˵һŵĵӣʲôͨӣ״ӡ
ʱû˵õͣҲ˵ΪԪӤĵӣĪȻֹۣҲɶ˼顣
λߣмڹֻͣαˣʦ𡣡
ڣ˶Ƶģʦ廹Сʦ塣
˴꣬ΪһжǿྡˣĬĬ;ݳӶԼա
ĻУʦ棬һϢһϢǸʦһģֻڴ˵дڵ쾭֮壬ٺҲ޼¡
Īֻ¶ʹǻɬ־²켣޳ڿྡһ졣
ɾݸݵͽܣҪ
һ˲ĪƺޣֻߣرһʦңɣأʲôһͼմϱߵС
ݻֵֽ˸һģһʵʻвģٶЩȱЩǣҪЩ
ĪҲڽҹŴŵӱôһ£ĵĿƺҲһӵе⡣
ȹ˽͵Ͼı߾߾ôЩӵĻɫشϱأʿĶ࣬صĵͷҲûô
Īƴž߾С˼ջס£ź˵£ֶԾݵʦôӽǿʼҾ;ñëëģ
ڸ㡣
ңĪһۣһһȦͷƤ飬С˾һ䣺Ķأ
һָָʣҪ𣿡
͵𣿡
Щͽɢޣ¡
õݱ֤ĪƹϾ
͵͵ڷϵĸҲоҪҪĪ֣Ͼһǿٹ·˹ģǵϴʮаˣǼĵҲһЩͲ̫ǿʿˡ
Īơ
СӿžǸӦÿ֡϶
һͲǡӻ
ôΨһϴǻ۵ĺӡ
Ϊɲ⣬ҪǸ𵤴ܣǿɾ鷳ˡССһü۵òһʮַС֯ľʦ
𵤣ϴüëһСǵǿʿǵפصλ𵤳ʿˣҪţ·Ľʿ
߲˲ˡĸȻ죬˵н𵤺Ͼ·˵˵Ǿʰװ˷
㡮١ֲ˵Īọ̈̄ԾĬֵֹܾģҪٵôоԼȫ̶Ǹˡ
ƵĲ豭ÿӿݵ棬ʾݣʦҴù𣿡
ù
ͽΪĪ˵ȻֻûһĹ
һҹ߳ĺһ٣дٲĴַ˴ַĹ˳ǽϡ
²Īĳ˳ǰһԼĽһʾݣʦĶ𣿡
Ƥݲÿɷ

 9 


ȳ׽ϾĪƲſʼıг̣ʱ˵ȡʱĪҵĺܣӦ£ֻججţһ·ʮ죬侲ȻҲҪúù滮ȥ·ˡ
ʦʶȥ·𣿡
ʶ˵ʱҲһ˵ͽܳȥɢɢ˶侲ˣŷӦԵ練ƣǸصľ룬ĪǸûеʿԼȥöΣգ
ҪȥפͼɡĪͨʶѧֵ˵Լİ˵ͦڵģҲ֪Ҵ
޷ʦռ⣬Ӧò᲻ݵ˿ӸĪƽˣֲ˾䣺Щȥܴ򿪡
ųɫһ㣬ƫǳ˴ռķĪƻͦģž˿ȥǣ۾С𽥳ֲۣŵصɴۡ
Ϊݸ׼̲ҲǧӣСɽƵĵرͽʲô
𣿡ĪƳٳٲ˵ݲɵûԼǲôˣӦûȻֻһֶĵͼӦûİɣ
ʦ𡭡ǰѼҵ׶𣿡ûôǮĪ߲Ȼһĵر󲿷ϲֱһۿȥ˸ŽǮĹ԰
ûа΢΢򴽣̫ͨƽҲûǮĵط͵Ķͷٺӽռ䣬⼸ʮۣӦǲٵġ
ԣûԼ廮ĶԼһСŶʵ
ͻȻĪƾԼڽ߶еˣľһĵͼ˵һţʮġ
ʵ֤˱˵󻰣פƹ̫ˣĪƱһ߰ķúеǸմµģͬûа㱻˵Ծԡ
װʮµС¥ҡȵĹӲŴ¥ĪЩͻ֣ᷢڰʦϼ
ƹ񹧾¡
Ĳ¸Ǯ滪һЦΪͷͷ׬Ǯһ󰮺ãµҲѧĲˮƽΪ
ոλ鿵Ĵ
ϸµĵͼĪҪ滮γɾͷöˣⶫҲǹֵģעȻΧʾȥһЩ´Ѩķա
ҪϽԶĪĥ·ߣо߸궼Ͻؽ磬ỹҪߵĳ
һҲɡĬĬһ䡣
ʦһͦȥ󿴿ġĪ¶һЦ֪ΪãΪˮгԺϣʵʵǰߣҲǲʿе֮ء
Īһ·˲ٺ£ǽũ磬ǶĴʧĹЩӵĺ¡
һ·ͨյݵúܣҲûϮķգҪǾ࣬ҪĽЩԼǸʿ¡
ʦҪҲʿˣȥ͡ĪƳ·ݱ죬ֹ˵Ųܵ¡
͸Ҫ޽ûֱӸˮһ·ûٶĪĪƾǣٶҲ©һȥɽһľġ
ʦ𣡸ģĪƱһ´θѡ
ﺬЦ۾Զһ߶ţ׻˵ͣɫҹƾҪˣøϽҸջͶȥ
ݿĲ죬̾澫ɡ
ǿɲĪһЦʦҸ㽲ЩɺˣһǮʮҾܽһˡ
һͣ
ţǰͷӣҪ˶ЩܳԶټӸ档ĪЦⰻȻû˼ζʽǻš
һ·г̻һ˳ݲʱָֻֽ˸첻ڷֻбԪӤԲΪȴޱʵʹõ
ȥݷµĪƿȥһٵ⣬ֻֽ볣죻˵򵥵ǣ֣־ͷϡ
֮⣬ҲܱѰʿȥҲԼˣʿڣǾԺƣʦͽ
ϼҵʿࡣݳ
һ͵ùأĪƿŰ˵塣
컯ˡݵ˲࣬ݶҲڳĵطժ¹ûôױݵġ
ҹ꽫ϵأ˷ȣûĪѰͶ޵ĵңϸˣټһʡ
ſɡбݣĪĿбӵǰţƺãˮ㣬ũճҲЩ
ݾţϢĪǷȸԾ
ũ壬ٺλʦ򽻵ӡλʦԼҲǽֱúܣηõĵض
ϲũʡ
ϲաĪƱ
գ
ҾͶðˡ
ݾĬԣ̫Щʳȣմɽ飬긴һոһ֮¾˶ޱȵĵرΪѰ
ʦΪ˼ȴδ˼
ЯˮķɴĪҲڴ˿Щʦ𣬵ꡣ
Ҳˮ𡣡ʶܾ
Ҳš
˸ҵͶ޵ĿջȻĪ޲ңҵջ´ˡ
ӣڵƻ΢΢ժ˶ֲԾ˴ڽرŹأܶĪƵ¶Ƕ϶ȥģϾҪģôһĶδû߻ħΣա
ԪӤʼѹΪѹ˼ʮΪҲôܶҡġ
£᷿ĪƵ籧ű˯˹ȥ
ĪƵӼһ棬öͭ廻붹ݾŵꣻ̵ϰҲ飬ŹҪҪ棬ĪЦӦʦٹˣԡ
ŶԭɳƹĶžݹ˹ּ֣ʳʳȥˡ
ʿѵãǶʿҲ𾴵úܣ齨ĵά˼ͱ˰ΣÿȥԼѡȡĳ⣬˻ǲʿֹҲѰ˰Σ
鲼ľΨʿƺ֮ͬʱϽֵ˴壬Ѱ̲סһҲһĴ
ϽҲա
ĪƳԱִ˵ͷͬһͬߣûֱӰռ
˵ݸռ⣬Ī﷨ļֵģа¥ռĴ﷨ԼһСǳأѰʿܱһõ﷨Ҳ;ĴŵӣһֵǵĴ﷨ˡ

 10 


ĿдųʪϢһȥܲȳӡĪƿԼһһӡΪãٿһľݣûºۼƮɡ
ĪžݵĲֲһţɹӡ
ݹԣͬУʱĪһƩڡ
Ҹоͦõģһ·ûʲô˻Ҫһֱƽƽ𣿡
Ī˵⻰ʱԼѻǱʵģֱڳǱ﹡˸ˣ첻֣ձ˲á
ϸооȷǼģʲôԺϯӶγգΪʲôǵãҪ˵ĹӦӡ̫
ĪƳ·ݣ޹Сݵʱ俼һ£ǡȰɡ
Դһ֪ľֻĪȻƿţһصؿ˿ڣʦһϢһϢҪĸ
աԵȻĪ£Ҳƽ
Ҹ·߼˸ˣǲμӹǰʦǰ콾֮һ
йһܼµĪͬ˭һĿţ˵ǣۼ˭Ӧö˾ݵģҪǵˣбײݵķա
ϢǣǳԺϯγաĪΪǸϢǴĿĵǳԺڵĳҪиϯͬУҲǺ¡
ңСʦ˵ģγȻҩٹͳԺϯͬ˵Ǹʦû취Ŀ֡
˵׼ܰѶγպƹȥأ
ʵ֤ƾϲ
תѵĶγոлĪƣĪƸڵһˣݾ
Īʦֺܺã΢е졭γմóϿңͦģ벻ĶϾʱ鿵ԪӤƣἰ
ھݵݣжһڣС˶ﳤĶγղʲôοͽҲѹûúÿ鿵ʲôʱڳջ޲ðԼټ
ŰĪĿɿڴԼ׼õ˵ǣϾֺ˵ֶƵģʦŶ
ʦ˵γտ϶صͷһֱģĪƶе㲻˼ˣֻתƻʦܲѾصԺôôˣ
˵γһЦôܰԺȥҩõ㶫һûҲ˵˵ϯӲҪӵ𣿣
Īʦ֣ôᵽϾ
Ҫȥһˡ
󣿡
ţе¡
ͬ·
Ѹٽֵڽͬϴһ¡
ĪҪǲʶ·ŶγԼ˸򵼣γ飬οзˣܰգԱ߻سԺȽϿףĪΪڴӾԲĶȥӣ˶Ӧ
ңĪλѿҲ
ȻУĪԭõļƻҲҪһˣγտ˵ͼָϸ߱עĺԽɽ͵ҩȵĵؽˣҸպҪȥҩһˣ֪ĪʦֺݵûȤһȥһˡ
ǸµġĪƸҪӦͱݳ˳½ǣɹںҩȵ΢ϵ
ҺݾϾˣýȥʦܼȻҪȥʱڹˣ³Ǿͺá
ҲСγûô࣬ȻĪͬˣҲ׼Ҵɺˡ
ݺӱ߰ڶɵĴ˵ˮ֣ǿɲҰڶɣǮĶҲûСҪ
ǰòŸԿõĪ˳ĬײҲײˡ
γձȽϸʱ䣬ʣˮפʿ𣿡
ɳʿ˵ˮɳأСǵģĴˡЩĴ˵˻
γ˼һ£פʿһϱˣǸЧʣûʮǲģҪʮ£ǻȥñʦˡ
ˮʲôˮƽ
϶ɳ
γյõĴģ壬Ҳ๻ˣҪг𵤵Ĵû緢ͨˣƽ˾ģ˵Ӧû𵤣һʿټӸڴӣû򲻹ôˮ֡
γհ뷨Īôһ˵ֻĪʮؿ˵ʦܣʦֻǸ
γһĬĪƿڵҾĽ鲻
ݶԴ˲ÿɷеɾǺ£οĪƳҪֱ壬˴ԤǸ¡
˻˿ջˮˣĪƶ֮ǰڱһһԷţûõϵģ
ˮԣҪǲСĵˮǵðγģСɺÿӣֿ˿ĪưڵһӰ˵Ķоͦõġ
ĪʦЩĶģ
졣
ԣпҲȥ
ţץҪ⵽ˮĴκںӱ߻죬ûԸ⣬ǲǸˮһƭȥ
γվԼίôȻӢЩôͬأ
ⲻҲֻڰߵţĪС;ݽŻγ̳ӣȻǰɣǾ򣡡
˴Ķγպţ޲ºȥĪʾǵ죬ΰɡ
ڶĪ˸磬ɫǸеĺӡ
Լõķǵ죬γպ֮˼۾С˵ţĪʦ֣򲻹ǻ
˵еĪƱʾ϶Լıװ
ͷʱǴĪƺͶγһ·ƽ˾ģ̫˯}ûûʲô⡣
ʲôˮǴҥɣγСֹţôһ䣬Ǵ˷ţԭƵգɲǼܲ
ƽˮҲӿƵСҡΡ
Ҫ𣿡γսЩ˷ܣǳԺλǰߣԺеҪͨ˲սģγܵǰȥĻᡣ
ǡƹ£һҶʻĪǵߣƮҡСΡȻͷճģӰƱʲô
С۽ʻܲδɢˮҲڣĶγ̲ס˾ֿڣҿܻ˰ɣ
ܻεǶ൱𵤺ˣοǿ壬һ𵤳ڴŸͲ𣿣

 11 


ûݳѣһĪս˾û
ŹȵĶγĻʮֻûҪ߾һս
ָ֣Ϲ⻪է֣ﶼһҲһ˲Īƿˣһ֧ӣʹ𽥱󣬹ǵС
޶⡣ƽȡ
һ룬ˡ
ޱˮ˷ӿŽϯһХЩĪƶĤ̴ڴһ˲ս˾˻뻳УʶĶǿ
δʣҲƣոնӦȷʵХǴġ
죬ƻĪƱۻ˱סľݣкüûۡ
γһԲۣ֪ԼûˮʦҲúôԼ
Īֻۣһֻ粻֪Ķȥˣɫϴ˷ָӣĪƿ˿²ȵĶǱŴĽæѾݷȡ˱öæҵظݸϡ
ˮĶγձľʴˮ޲ҵؿǱڴ龰Ľ⽣ɵͦʱզûסأ
ִ֮ƾٷ磬Ǳ۵մ˸棬͸Լ򲻹ƵĹһȻˮȥ
Ī̧ͷȥһˣֻīڵϰûס䵭ӣƫĴƫЩɢµķδȾôһʷǷ
лĪƳ˹˹֣̲ס˿ɢ´ķоʿķΣδʣֱɢƵġ
ϣ췢ϸٲȻǵǰ룻ȴһָɫϸɢµķС
ˮعƽɢĪƲſˣī֮ɫԭǸոչ߲ˡ
ûԵĪǷĴ˵ѽˮҴȥ
ձϴĶγĨ˰߲աջ
վϵջûС޷Զ෴ķʻ롣
γ̲ģջȥô⣿
ȥҩһˡ˻ӦֻСûͣ
γոˣС뿪ֺް취Ȼſڴߣʪ·㴦ˡ
šˮĪĶγյļ磬ʦܻ𣿡
ܣ¡γȻ
ˮǺˣĪһʱ䲻֪ôӻϾջվǣ鱳Ŷ˲̫á
աŻγˣ˸ոǺȥˮ˷죬ʹ˸˶ʱȻһ¡
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Īʦ㶼֪̫ˡ
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ҶγҲǷǳ֮ˡ
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б±ժߣһһ꣡
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ջˣĳ̫ˣ֣ǻ׼ʮһʱһ֡
γգóԺϯܳӣϾǷǳ֮ˣҲҪջԸͷ
ʦ²ޡĪƣమЦһСγһޱ顣
ֻСʦá붮Īʲô˼Ķγջصնջ˷ûʲôȤˣã͡ͷ棡
ӶջķθĶγտз򣬿һջҪŻȥҩȣøϽҩѳ׼ǡ
Ͼջ˵ҩȥ޺¡
ҩҽƼ֮أջҽҲΪ֮ݵģɱʦ֤ҽһˡ
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ĪྰĬʱڵıָۣϵʯڷһȦƮȥ
ջǿƳϣΪ츮ʵƺҲΪ
ݴ˷ֹչصҲΪջչֳʵ˫ۣɫ纮̶ˮΨϸʱ̶ܷµһỊ̃˷˼ɫ
ص壬žָѰʯҲƬ̡
ʦ֡幰˹֡
ϴηǲΪûףָ̯ɲǣջӰͶʯ֮ϣߵסȴûܸ䵭ǶӰ޷ȥ뵭Įɫи
üͷһû;˵ٻôһʣ֪ô
ʮǰ˾ħˡ֣Ӱ֮ʧ
ʦ֡ȻΪԵؿݣͶ԰ǡ
֪ʲô
֪ʲôߣҲȥʦ֣Ⱳû㣬ܲܡ¡
ӡʦܿʵΪǿɿĵʱϸŵļΣһΪˡ
ͻļҲ
㡭ҲաƿߣٿͷһۣѵôЩŭȥ
䲻ңŭ䲻
лʦ֡һݣεĶҪصöࡣ
ݲ˳زż̾˿ڵĽᵤʿǺεȵľ֮ţƫΪ֮һ˼
αأ
룬һӶ˵ģ޵ľ趮ν˼ζ
ʶٶȻʱѾָĪưˣݰĶһ٣ĪưûļԼ߶߶ⴺ񰡣ˣƬ㡣
˵÷ĳ˳⻮һڶԽǻһʮذ°ݽˮ
۾ݣһһذ£Īư£Ͷ䶼һɵȻ
ĪæȥðЩʦȰ»
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߲ãɽĪƻõþոȥʱɽҰټ˳˸С壬õĻ˵׼⡣
Ұֱ
ˣϧʦԲˡĪһһֹ
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鷳Ĵþ崺ҲһƬ֣䣬ǧɽ಻η˪ѩѹ֦ƫƫĳһ죬ôͱء
ҪݻˮŪζЩĪƲˮʦȥǿɣ˵׼ջء
á

 12 


һ·ţĪҲͳлĥʱ䡣
˵ΪʲôŻҩȹϵðĪ룬ںҩȶʿеĶô߼Ĺϵôء
֪Ʒˣ
֪λʦ˰ҽ˫ޣһ֮ϲҽ壬ΪơĪƾţ壬һΪٻ˲ʶŮӰɡ
ʦ壬ԭ
ΡҩǸΰ
š
ҩȹŮҲΪõŮӱʵҽţʱϰ÷֮ҩȹΪ²ˣ֪ͻȻͶμҶϾϵҲƲ˺ҩȵĹϵȻ¡
ϧţԶǶûвյĵȻҲͽˡ
ҩȺڵĳҲôˡ
ĪĿɿڴһʱ֪˵ЩʲôڵŶôԵ
Ƕγհ볤Ժ¡
ûҩȶݶĪƵ˼ĻҲûҪ˵ǱϾһĶԹһȲϣһҲ˵ʲô
һ߶γոջҩȾ͵ù˰ʱˣڸҸط̱š
ҩε˵ţ游ˣȥء
γһ̱˰ҵʱ䣬һ
һ͵͵볤Ժ£ԻأͳȣһﶼˣٽʹʧŮͽĻ䣬ʱǼΪƵĳʹˡ
γУ࣬ҩȹ
γ߽ʱγеİٲͼڵСӣ߲˵һҲǡ
ⲻе㼱һͼѽγպٺһЦֵ
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֪γҲԾ游ʱȻϿŰЩҲΪЩСǵġ
Ҷγ˲֧Ԯǰصҩǰ̲ס˾䣺氡·ǣ˭
˭γ̧ۡ
˭ʲô˵ҪһˣЩγһʱ֪˵游Ҳó˭ġ
֪ˡγ߷ŵЩ˼ſա
γһҽҲС츳ҲҩȹҽһϣΪֹҲ޾֮ţһŮһµĹҽһջ
ߣҪǰͨ͸ѧöࡣ
γպ˱Ҫ޶ʵö࣬ɶγпصҲǶγʵ֮ͽӶѳҩȣɿסһΡ
㲻ջʦҲϾָ֮һ
ջݰҩѧϰҽʵҲûӴʲôĵĶƫ˵ҩȴѧ˸ʮ֮߰ˡ
һͨѧͽöγгѾõͽ˼Ҳǻͷ̽ջԸ£ջܾʱֻСӺεºܡ
γеǫų֪ʵݶγвʶһ㶼ܲܵͽܡ
˭ùҽһŷɥĹҽһˡ
ҽһűģǽƻթǧջǧ£ɱʦ֤ȡǧһ֮
ƣγпصĶʲô˰γ㣬һ֮ţʤڵļᶨҲһħȥ
˼˶γ̾˿СӲ˵ٻҲ˵ջ·ˣΪʲôҩȶǺ¡
*****
ҩĵñҪЩʱ䣬ĪҲʱڹסˣΧҩҩȰߵĿҲţĪ͸ȥҩȵӲҩ¨æʿ緶
ʦҼǵҲв˲ţƷҽµ𣿡Īһֳ߶
ȻҲЩ־ӵֵġ
ǵʵļҲȥ˲𣿡ĪԶҩ﹪ҩĵӣʱټһ壬ǲһ徻
ҽ裬Ҫǰ֪ġӦţƷҲвҩ˲βͬҽӾժҪǰñ
ΪֹڻвЩ˵˲ڡ
ͻȻͦõģܳ˲Σڼùܵģ˲ڼĪ˵ЦȻ˼άɢɢڼȥˡ
ݱڲеľۣɼƺ̾ľ£ͽͦ뷨ġ

ֳӦǲʵġֳϸھ۹滮ǷҪԼĴ徰ʲôı䣬ҲҪõģûͬԶ֣ǻᱻΥ˵ġ
ſֹײˣֳ֪ĵڶ죬һѰײˣ˸û¡
ôһ˵ͻȻЩˡĪ̾˿ʦóԵģʦ
ĪͻȻתͷȥʣʦˣһ᲻İ
һ㶣ʮشﶼ
ǣһ㲻ãŻȽϿ𣿡Īգգۡ
ңס򴽣ҲٻЩ
㶼ҵ𣿡ĪЩίÿóԵľݳԲԭݲ
ҡ֪ôЩʲôںʲôԡ
㲻ҲУ˭ʦĪƲƲ죬ҩȵӲҩ
ݿĪƱԼĺףïܺڷһָĸβĪƶҡΣϦȾ˲ůɫ
ǺܶʱĪϤ
İɣţû˵
Īҩסһʱ䣬ȶγʰöٶ̤;ʱѾ˴β
γռƻǰ·Ͻϻһʣ˵ţǲҪ·ˡ
ΪʲôϽȥıؾ֮𣿡Īֲʡ
̫ӻȥĺãοǶҲһӭǡγڵͼϹ˼ʣЩطĪʦֶȥΪá
Īƿűγչĵͼ̧ۿʦܡ
ţŻĶγĪҲ֣ЩĪ׼ϴ
ͻȻҹֲϰߵġĪβһת
γһ죬ֻǸʦ㽲޽糣ʶ㱻˶֪
ţǳɡĪƵͷȴǣγôЩɣȻûʲôֵʦŵġ
γֱɵ˰ģгԱõöࡣ

 13 


ĵϾ粻дͣĪɡϰΪЩ꼾ĿջͷҪԣҲʱסˡ
࣬ĿĪƿ˴ɳʪķ紵꾰ûӣͼһ˴ɡʯϡ
¥ߣĪԷȥ˷û°ɣ
Ǹû¡лˡ
û¾ͺáĪƲػӻ֣ΪֵϰԣǵĶܷôء
Ǹ˳ɡԶ¥ϿĪƵע⣬Ȼû̽ͷҲûʲôǾڵ᷿û
ʦҿԽȥ𣿡˷š

ʦ𣿡ĪظԼ˱ˮھԱ£ദһˣǶһЩݵΪֹʲô˼ġ
ոˣ
ۣĪƳɹˮǺţֽ죬̫Ϣʦ˵
ߡǣǵúܡ
ĪƾͲһˣ˴ǰ˽Ĺ£ʳţǰҪڲǰ죬ոǲǾҪһҹˣ
ֻߣѾӡǣȡС
ҡǲǱˡĪ߲
һԵȻάǿ
ôĪҲ˼ְָԼ˿ˮҰοţģҪң⡭ⲻʦ
ʵ֤˱̫ѻ졣
ҹĪƸϨ˵Ҫ˯£ͱ˸ԴǸѪؿﺰţӣȾҡ
еȳ򣬵ΧҩֲĶ࣬ҲҩפڴˣҲҴפڴˣϡ
Ҵү˸Ů𿣬һǧҲΪ֮
Ϊ˲ǮŮŮ󣬻мҾܾ
ʲôЦƭ
һ飬ŮûмңǸŮСҪ÷Ҫ꣬ôŮҾƲԳԷơ
ҼҶҹ֣֪һȺ׳ܷŮ˳ӷˡ
СӵߣֻܼϣĪǸ˾Ⱦˡ
ҹ룬ĪƴŸ˾ݷţʦʦ𣿡

ŷȻڸʿȣΪɲ֮ˡ
һľݣǾغֻûȥСðɾ徻
ûû¡Īæȥǵһ֪ԼʦôˣݸģֻҪû͸ûϵСô˭ȥ
ǶǺˣ¡ĪЦûа˵
С־־塣
ðɣʲô֣ôŪӡĪƷ
СΪδˣλɾһǻôһ˵ﶼ⣬Ǹճ뻢Ѩ
ҪĪһҭ⴫ֱӸ̱ˣţ׼׼׷
Īʦ֣֣𣿡ԭǶγš
ǰĪǧ𼤶𼤶ûҪ㡣
ʵǣֱʿ̱ˡ
ôиĶγտһŵת˻⣺ҿֺģ£͹ˡ
ԴͷĪָָ
ݲǸҪеߣĪƲǣγҲǡ
ǴĹ£һɽСżȻһʵֵమˣҲͺϽ˺ۣҹ˻ֹ
᲻÷ۣ÷ЩҲɽЩҩͻȥ
֪ӿˣֲñ¶ݡ
ȵȣΪӦûĻΰɣγպɵؿǸԲôͻˣ
ҡЩΪЩ˼󣬳ȥһøҲûʲôˡ
γŶĪƣĪʦô
Ҳûʲô£Ǿ;ȾɡһˣĪЩ̡
Ǿ;ȡγջ䣬궯ͲڵһСջˡ
ţѲӷŵļҶ׵úܣûþѵһ
Ҫô㣬ȱԭͣĪƿ۵ϵʼղȥ
С㡭Щ顣
û¡γղ뽻Ƕ԰ɣ
š
û꣬Űͱĵˡ
ĪѸγҲš
ҼҶŹưؿŶγգµÿѲӷ
ǳسʿǵĵγչ˹ǡ
ʲô£ǰ¡Ϊ׵ļҶɫͣŹӾҪѶγջӿ
֪γհû£Լ˸
㣡㣡ҶǻŹӾղĿŶγգǰ»û˸һǸʿү⣬ҪǸʿǿ鷳ˡ
˭ǵı£ҩȵӵķγ̧֣б⻪תҩֿ롣
¼ҶˣҩʲôҽۼأҲҵ϶ңǲǸҩ֮µСңҪ˼Ƶӡ
ǡС۲ʶ̩ɽðɳɳĪ֣ʱһˣȥʱҲǲֻһѡ
һߣγҲˣתͷЦʣλʦ֣ǿҸոձô
ɵƯĪĴָʣʦոõʲô
״ƣĪʦҲеİɣҼǵƿɺÿˡ
Īƻû𻰣ݾ͵͵Ӧ˾䣺еġ
ùܶӵûù״ӵĪһ㶣ͷȥʱŷСˡ
ڰɡĪֹЩΪѵôô
кѣҿҽԭΡγԾԾԣͼν
ѾˡĪæ
γ룬˽ڵνǵøϽˡ
±˱𣿡Ī
ǣһСݻ鷳ġΪ¶ݴܶ鷳˼ʹϵĶγ̾˿
ҩȵľһӰģοǶ¹ӵļ塣
ĪƲô࣬ӲܹľҲǣ˶γ⣬һҹҴҳ˳ǣ
γͷǳţҾȻǿŮĶУǶμҲҪȱ֮˵Ĺ
ȼҲʾһᱻҩȳĽ
񡣡Īƾ
ࡣγհڰ֡

 14 


Сγձ־͸ƵˣҪٸ״ӣ²Ҫһ⡣
ˣֲҵȥҲʱˣСҲСȷʵẦ˵ȥϸĪĶ⣬Ǹʵġ
йĵطǻĵأһξ룬꼾ʪʵڲô
Ҳ£塣
һϮǳţ췢һʦֶ⡣
ٽЩüĿЦǳǳĪƺеˣʦΪʲôôˡ
λʦֶ廽
γĪƹһݣʦ塣
ͦɣĪϴ׼һ˵Ҵȥɽ޽ʦһӦǵ˶ɽڡ
˵γպģĪƵ˵ôϸ˵
ĵúãҲûעںɫĻ
ڶĪ۵ʱѾˣ֮˶νúܣĪҲöЩʲô
忴д˾䣺ɽʿƼҪȥ𣿡
ʿƼʲôĪȤ
꼲ݳڼȻΪ˶ᱦˡ˵⻰ʱĪĪ˼˵Ϊʲô
ôҵ𣿡ĪʣʿѾһЩеŵĶˣһɾ𵤵ʦȥ
ֻȥ꼲ݳʢ嶮ĪƵ˼Ѿն޽ʦִˣҽҲ˲٣Ӧûʲôġ
ͣʿǻϷ꼲𣿡
жɽΪػޡ
ڣòȥɽСע˿ͳ˴󴬣Ŧϵʯûĥ꣬Ҳò
γտ۲òУ⼲з֮ǰû˵Ǹ
˷˲վ͵ǧ֮Ķɽ£˵ʿƼҲǼٻɽ˺ģ֪Ϊϼ
˶ֻҴɽ£ɽʲôΣƵġ
ɽΧ˾ҪٵĶˣĪһԼʦһţʦ壬꼲ݲڶɽǶɽ𣿡
ʦֶ֪ΪΣȣ鿴
ɶôһ֣
ǽϿɻεɵؽš
ĪȵһһЦԡ
ɽΪǧ껢Ϊ̾ڶɽ֮ڡƾԼʦֶˣֲ˾䣺£ɽڷȻ£˲ġ
ŶŶ
ݱ͹ԣжγڸһ춼˵һ仰ʦֶˣŻ
ʦֶûô崽΢䡣
֪˵Լ⣬͵òϣʦֶеɵͬ㻻һ类ˡ
㵽ɽֻ꼲ݵģϲֱ⣬꼲˵ݣҩãӣȫΪ˿ǧһˡ
壬꼲ݶҽ޵Ը
嵫ЦĬ˾ݵĻ
꼲ݳôҪ£ջʮа˾Żݳ죬ջġ
ͬαءʦܣżҲΡ
ħҽµĶ壬ʲôϵй˵Ļ⣬ӲãЩ뾭ѵ֮⡣
ҲЩִ硣
֪ʦ֡һʦǷһʱҲû˻ֻҲ޽ʦܣɽˣ㿴ŵǡ
յʲô̶ȣ쿴Ĳ˵ЩƤ
Ҳ˼һ£𱻳˾С
á
㲻֪ԼʦǱ𱻳˾еĪƻڶɽ䣬ɽܳԵҰ٣ժһеᣬʦʦЩ
γյǰ޽ɣɶɶ
һ·䣬ţͷ˵㲻ͬѰ¡Ѫ
ӲݴеѪʮԣʡ
˶Լͬһ٣Īƻ³ˣˣԲˡ
᲻Ѫѧҽѧʶɾ˵Ķγֹ
ʦ㲻ñҸ𣿡
γնϸϸоһ£ѪӦǴҰ޵Ѫ
һĴ󰥣ҪȥγȤѪɫϡġ
ܾܾ𣿡ĪеᣬǸոǹӵζ
һȥĪʦ֡γ
ηΣյɵӶѰѪ̤;Ī˵ĻҪͻɽڴʿҲἴ̸Ļ˶ɽҲصĵС
ʮӵɽ·Īƾţѻļܺˣ˵ֱ³ɡ
γտ̾ʯϵϻҲǼ޴һֻëɫػƣɫƣ֫׳ݺύ˺ۡ
û˵Ĵڣһ洭Ŵһ˺ۣҪ֫һ̱ſʯϣ⶯һ׷ں档
յ޷ԽʱγվõùԼˣôջ
Ǻɫδժ£ջͨѣҲúܣڵ£һ
ּ仢Хէ𣬱ҰҲƵҲʱ˵쳹ּ䣬֮¶γĪƱ˦ʮԶģֻԼ˦βԶӡ
ջûֻԶ
ϻٳûɢ۾ӣγոĪߣ·˲Ũȥʿ
ȻΪ׷ֻϻ
γճ˳ӣ̲סԹˣôҪڵôֱ׳
Աȶγյʧ̬ĪƿҪõĶࡣ
ĪƿɫˣǻǸϽȥɣ
Ҳãɽ˵
ĪɽûãʹҼˣĺɫ
վ¾ƣֱݳɡţϸѷ΢΢ȣǣľɼ˲׷ϾͲһˣ÷꼾ڣӲ
ʦ֡
šʾԼڣժ˷ŵһȥ
ڵûǻ󡣡ָָ⣬֪ݹ˴΢΢Цŵߣ˾䣺ǻҲˡ
ݲ֪ͻȻΪʲôͲڴģֻھէǰӦ˾䣺ʦܣȻҪ㡣
ʦֵܶʮ꣬ʱôСһӣСþһû˵Ĵ
ҲǴʦļʦ嶼˵β֣˵׼췸ûˡ
ͬŶ̬ȶģ⺢úã𣬴СϲԽ̱Ĵ޶˼嶼¶ЩЦ
ţּ׵˲·ûǣۡ
ȥҪŶ
ļеһᱸ̼ġֻЦһߵ˾ݶϣʦֲɡ
²㡣ݺʵϡ
˶ԻʱֻĪһʦ壬ʱ˳һݣʦҪ𣿡

 15 


աݿ˿ڣֵɨ塣
ҽɽץĸӡĪؽţ̲ס죺ʦҲҵա
ȻͿˡ£ûſǣů֡
ݲÿɷڻ˻⣺ɵˡ
г̱ȽϴæͽԺһڼϰĪָ˲Ǽ⣬˵ҲǼٻҹĴģʹһĴų̣ҲǺ۰
Ƿֻֽ˲о⣬Īƹ׻Ǹ
ҪĶȥ˿Īĺܲ
󡣡Īƴ
У嶯һ١
ţĪƹɵͷ
γɵĿĴ⣬Īɵ嵹֪˵Щʲôˡ
ûǴϾһԶҪ洿УٸǸʮ궼߲ǶȥҲ֪γλصѧôġ
ҵзɡ廰䣬ƫͷƿûͣЪ˼Ҳʧ˿Ц¡
ľСݸĪƣֶ䣺ֻҪʯҲʹⷨҲýʡʦֶʱ䡣
ʱҲˣҾȸˡߵòִ٣ŲᣬЩʿҲġ
ĪŴֿʣ˴ĸ֪룬ҡж𣿡
ոʦɫôôܰ
ǡֹסĪƵĺ˼룬ֻֽˣԪӤԲ֮ʵȴûܰӳҪܸɶɾ޲ˡ
Īʦҽ񿴼Ƕɽˣһ˵ģҲû˵ô
˵ӲǾҷ꼲ݵ£Ҳ֪ЩģΪ֯ߴʿ룬簲ʿΧѶɽʵѰ
ʲôطҺϳǲвʵȨҲ١
Ҳռһϯ֮صģ峣פһڵĳˡ
꼲ݳ컹а£ʱһҪôͷġ
ݲ¶棬ȻҲȥ޽ŵǰƣžĪȥɽγյѰҩȵȥ
ɽľïⷱϢĶҲ٣Ӱǰ½½ʿɽʼҰ޺Со֮֮⣬һصãټɽ֮ء
һŵǰЩĪֻҪҲõʲôΣգϤʿԴʦֶʶȥ
;ݶǶ໰ˣĪвסһ·˵ɽϷ羰ãһժҰ˵ζ
ˣʦ壬꼲ĶѽĪѰ˼Ҳǵһ϶ɽˣɽ󣬵û꼲ݵټʿô꼲ݵӣӦ˽߱˰ɣ
֪ʹ˷ܿɽϵ巨󣬼ĪһһԼʦֶķȥ
֪صôհ
꼲ݳȻ֪ˣֻǣȴ˶ɽ֪ˡβİϤģĪϲʦô˵
֪꼲ģ
꼲ݡ
ôĪеԺţǶռ
꼲ݳĵգ˴Ϣץ˸ôɽС
ڻɽߣպּۻΪԺҪ˲꼲ݷݶĶγ鲻תűյ¼ݳո
˵׼ߴ·أĪ˿
鼤ݵȤ¡ЩѾγ˵꼲ݳҪҩȵ˽ˣûԣ꼲ݳ֮գʦȥ
á
޽˴ĪֱõȵǾ֪꼲ݵĶˡ
˵ץǶɽˡ
ĪֱĿĵأѾвʿΧԴĪƸڰУڵ˼ٴȥŵĶɽ
ɢӨâ˿߲ڶɽԭ֮ϣԭӴ׺ĪưǰϻûֻڿȰǰҪƵö࣬͵͵ĻХҲʹ⡣
ʿ۲ݡ
Ƕɽ
Ȼ˵ǰһ־Ʒ׷Ĵ

Īең۲ŶɽԭͣͻȻǻ˿õĶƤſһֻС
ʦ壬ôֻ񣿡ĪָָСҪǾãе졣
׽סֻɫܹϵǳЦⲻ֪ʱˡ
ŶĪ˵ӣһʱ֪˵ʲô
ȻΧ˼ʿճһƬһȺ뻮һʿϣӦþ۹ٴε˵ӡ
޽˲УڵһҶƿնʿ
ҪĪƲ⡣
޽ʦ޵ؼĽɿһа˼򵥽ܣҪݣߡ
ʿǸ˵ŸĻû˻һϢһһǵ͵͵İûУЦ
ʱһ̱ϵ޽˸ƣ޽һнδʡ
ʱβĪƵˣնʱ
ڷ֮еĻڰХǻȴǿԣߣҷҳأδк֮١
߻ƻġϵһ̧֣ʱ˸ӡס졣
Īȴɫһ䣬Сûǰȷ֮ǰȹСô
ǣôСһôܺˣ
Ϊɫ䣬ϵ˵˻ô
ǣʦ壬ʦ̹ңû˵͸ûйϵ̫ңĪһ˴Ҳ֮ġ
ڳ˲ᣬˣΪǴ
ʦֶͶĪƲԾؿ塣
аǣ˭Ҳ˵壬˭Ǳһ˲⣬Īûü׽ֻ֪廰䣬лХ֮쳹
ʱˣǶˡ
ҺҷӶɽ֮ڡϴδ˼ˡһûʵʿڱˡΣؽ˺Ѫ磬϶ദ˺۶Աȴ˴ԵС
ͫ׻ɢѪѪɢڶɽ֮ϡ
ǡǡǴ
صĻХԻдⱲһԼҲˡ
ּ佥Ұ޷ݰ֮һХ֮¹ڼž
ž֮£Ϊ̾ǧĶɽУǵػûˣܿͻ̤붫ɽ⿳ޣҪʼһֵǨˡ

 16 


ĪͫһͻȻޱȸлոյû̳棬ǸŻʲôҲ²ֻɤʲôܵòС
ĪƱ̧ͷѸι˿徻ȥ
Īҩһǣּ˵ĵУȡڵ
ֻһģ²侲ù֣ţҪ𣿡
Ī򴽣״̬ڳʿʵ̫ǱЩֱһ֪ôй
ĪƺܿͺˣʲôҪʲô޽Ϊ׵ĴŵĮȻȥµСɢ޴ѨϷµĲƱ
һЩɵҩݱ֮˶Ѩʿֵַ
ĪͻȻ֮СӵأֺЩɬС˷ɽҩǮ
徻ѹĪǻŭȻ˽ŶѨɢ޺ǵѶҷ£ҹ
û˻һŰʿ˶ǸȴȻһ۵ʿ
ǿ˵ΪҲ˵Ϊ֮ϡ
вƱ࣬вһЩɢæ˶ֻߣĸ׼ھͱͻķ˦˳ȥ
ĪƱһ˺ܾãС˾ʦ塣
û˵ʲôĪɽеҩݣĪҲֻҪҩݡ
ĪֱӰҩòű˻֪ΪҪȥҩá
Ŀĵ˺ܾãĪֿ˵˾䣺ʦ壬ȥǶõ㶫
ĶȻǶɽ֮ء
ɢòˣֻʣЩ˵ʬϾǧѪ⣬ҩá
ҪЩƤëĪԶԶţЩɬ
޲ûڣ䵽ǰ
޽
޽Цˬʣûаָ˼ָָ壬˵ţʦܣ˰״浽ѽ
޽ʦ֡˸ǳЦ
š޽ͷּĪƣӴʦֶҲڰԭϲЩûˣʦֶ˾ͺã
޽ͬڵһ򼫺ãмЩԼʦֶϲʲô˵
޽ʦ塣ĪҲ
ء޽һ֣ĪƵı˵ŵпտҪ˲û
һ˵˲٣ĪƲſڵ޽ʦ壬ҪЩƤë
û⣡
Ī˸̺ˮľӨ֮ظ˸ıƤëΪѪ⣬ҩΪͬᡣ
һమҰ޵Ľϱ;ף⻢ΪĳأȻ֪٣ͬȪ˵Ǹ¡
Ī񱻳һƨȥ
ʦ壬ûˣΪʲôЩҪɱǣǴҴĹһδ̵ľ֮ͦϡ
ǵЩ˶ᱦ·̫Ҳô㾰ݵӰӡ
Ī̲ס룬ʦ£ʲôӦ
᲻ǳһ¡
ĪüĲԼ룬ţҲﲻɡ
к󻼣彲ʵҲȷʵʿǵʵҪػ޵ıǱȻһս֮Ӵܣ
ͬΪ飬Ǿô̤ʦ壬ǲѹ𣿡ɤĻĪ˳֪⻰öŰһѵ˵Ҳ˵ֲ²졣
ϰˣȻľˡЦǣ££ֿɫûȥˡ
ȻûؼɫȾɻҰףôϾҲѵһֻǲ֪һŭǴҴ֤
£ڷһǣɢûŽ㣬˳ʮָԾ۽۵ñƫ׵ֹǽ԰ף΢΢𣬾Ҳ˷ְס
ȥ뽪ݷԸĪƣ֪ëַˣֶסڲǸֽˣʲô¶ȡ
ƫЩ꼾Ҫֿʵúܵˣܵ£ҲẰһۡ
ԼȰȥ˶ĬãֱĪƶڵĽ
ζѹ˽ɬ⣬ůԴݼɢҲ滺Щʹ
꼲ݵλȷˣ
ˡݼȻʣȻ𣺡ʦֿҪȥ
ˡⶫɽ֮ϳʿ٣ݻԼ鷳
ĪƽĴ̼һԷŴ廰
Щˣ԰ʦԺ󣬾ı仯Ī˵Ͼʱ廹Ǹֹ¾㵽ʦ塣
Ī˾ȥĽ飬һ˾ݷ䣬תǷɢʱĪʳʦ壬ΪʲôҪܾʦ
ҪҸˡ
ˣ
ջ
Ǹǧˣҹ֮³ɡйţ׼ʱȥȡҪĶ
ջ֪꼲ҪʿǴӻбʳĶֻ࣬һֱڶɽ֮µȴ꼲ݳ죬ȡԼҪķݶ
û˵ɹȡҩĴ㣬˵֪꼲ݵص㣬ȻפأҪõ꼲Ҳôɵ¡
ջǹҽöû˱ȵ
ΪҽҪ˳һ䡣
꼲ݳ׳ǰҹҩ˿صӵС꼲ݣŭҲѰټŦƤӵ¶ŭ֪
˶֪ȻǱ츮ɵĺ£ƫҲŰ֤ȥӳ˷̽һҲص˵Լ綨˷ݶ
ھҪķݶȱ£ͷ۵òС
޽һˣһҩޱ޹أڵķݶһҲٲˡ
ǣ㲻ֱİ尡
˱һ죬Щ಻ԣǸʲ֪ðΪĹҽֱ°꼲ݸˣºˣҪǴ£ֱӵﵽв꼲ճɵ
޽ֹǸգΪҲֱúܣͻ˵ȷҲɲ硣
ٿͬ޽ˣ壬һ֣ѰʿҪ˵һǸðʿΪ˴Ǻã˵˵£
˵˵ʲô˵漰£̫ģ˰
Цºͣ˵Ҳ͡
ʦֵġ
ϸ⣬͸ƨҲͬ޽е˼
οʿ˵¸ѽҪͬ⻹ñѹ
̫Ѩһ뵽¾ͷ۵òУֻ޺͸ðѹҽˣһһ¡
ͬ˵ӵͷֻǧħ֮ѾԪȻ㱲ҪǸħִָ˭˺ô

 17 


յϢʱ滪Źɶ˻㱨Ǹ׳ٺЦջ
֮⣬Ӧδãŵʡ
ʾ£֤Ǹɵô滪ﶪ˸ɣһǷѹģУұҪˣ
ס
°ɡ滪ӣЦ˳һ࡮ڹƤëҺܾûŸˣ̫ôСˡ
ǡڹҧ滪һڣԵǡ
ࣿ滪˦˦ָ֣ʲôƵģ߷ߵջĳʳѵĿ֧Ҹߣ֣
һת⣬˫һֱӰǺĵ˵ţСڹֵֺģüˡ
ǹ֣
˵硵Ĺҽ˶ɽȥ
ɽ÷꼾δɢͬ˴ڿջʦֵ˸ִڰģĪһԿ
꼲ݵĲգջ˶ɽҲûȥ£ݲ¶棬Ī˴ɽĴ̼ȥ˹ϷսƷ
ݲ֪岻Եʣֻ꼲ݲʮϡ֮Ҳ޷
ĪƱα̺ڰ׽ðɣʵ֪˭ռϷ磬ʦʦ嶼ǳ֮ˣҪǵıֹҲǲܵġ
˵˵޽һȥڶɽʱճ㾰ݴʱ䣬ֲ֪չһĪҲֻ֪ʦȿ䡣
ңҲҪ£ôס˰Īƾ֣;ɨš
ʦֶȤЦǳ£˵ŸĪλ
Īβһ˦ؿŶ׵ľݵ壡
׻˵㿪һȴܾͻ˳ְŶϡ
ĪΪһڽ츳˵ţµǽһңӵ¼ûͱݸˡ
еͷĪѾӵİ壬
ݾ˰ĪżȻСԡ
ֿ˵Īͷգգ۰ʾָһ£岢İʾ岻
ǾʦֶΣ֮ʡĪæӡ
壬ҲûĪԮ
廹ǰĪһѣĪ̫Ҳȥˣָָ̽ߣ
ûӾͽĪƸжԣǲӮˣ
ۿĪӣһӮˣպϵķȻƿݷһĶͷȥ治ˡ
Īʦ֣γջ
һӮ˵Ī˵˿Թ԰Ѻȥӣ̾ãԲˡ
Īʦʲôأ
ϰգԡ徰ݴĪ˵Ҳ˵秣Ȼô˵ǰᣬǽѹԼ
ѽ㲻֪ԼĪƴʤʦĶγոпʱ䶼ҩȵ˴һ泤ԺҪЩ꼲ݵķݶиĪĻᡣ
ĪҲҪ˵
ˣĪʦ֣ʦŴѶѴڼֹ֮ڣҾ˵ҪǳԺɵøĸʱˡ˴ҩԺӵĶγ鲻ҲܴΥ涨Īƻȥˡ
ͨ־Īƻ֪Ѵʲôģ࣬ѴʱҪΪ࣬˳ȥҲ˵ȥʱ򣬶ġ
֮ȥˣԺʱĻӭĪʦҳԺ͡γյ˿ӸͨĪʦҳԺɳͨ衣
áĪӣԼûʲôγյģڴӸյûþͳˣγôʵϵĳԺϯ
γһߣҲˣֻʣʦͽ˴һǾĬԡ
ĵڴռݿĪڽ͵õģûüȥȡҾˡ
ĪһҲ׾ݵί˵ǣǻʦճأôհɡ
Ϻõ׭ͼںĪƵ֣Īָǿɣ˵ƷƵӡǹȡǷԽƣߴԡ
ҲǷƷ׵ģΪӣõĿ϶ƷףҲ˵ӾԲֹˡĪƣʵǲǻзʲôİ
ǡݴøɴ࣬᱾ڣλڣ顣
ʿ硭˼Ī˿ʣʦڳ⾳һȥĶ
ڣ
ʱȥ
ǾͲȥݴøɴּ࣬Ī۵ɣôˣ
ûһһɡĪƷ˵׼ѰҾķء
һ̧ٿĪʱ˷֣˵еģûпɽ֮Ҿݵͽܡ
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붫ɽĴΪұҵǧĳǳأפеңõ޳ߣԶҲάһǵİ
䣬ڲ׳ߴУƺʲô
Īƺţ·ˣ̨ʲôôˣ
ױ˭֪Сϲױʵһ𣬿ĪģʱǲҲμҵıף
ʲôǰױʲôĪЦһʰױǸɶôʲôˡ
İɣʵ˼ĪⷴӦʱ˿
ĪƵͷʰױʲô˿ϴˣǿ컨׹ִʲôֻӦУ˼ѵüţɰұҵеİױҲ
ڰ䣬ֻĪһ⣬ݣ󲻳
ûȻǼΪϲԺаױġ
ޡ֮˰죬ĪƻûױǸʲô֣˵лžݼǰߡ
ǶˣҪΪǴСңףңʮϲױױϡȱ˾ͶץֻױִС㻶ĵ˼
ĪʲôأǸ·ġ
ĪƱڸ緹ʲô˿ߵұҵǳʱɳ۶ƥһػңſڵһңʶزȥ澰ݵҳ˼жûС
˭ôȱ°ĪƿѰȥʱֻһĨӰɳ۹ȥ
澰ݷ˷ϻҳԼûôˣǺɫ࣬ôԼҲ֪ĸɾûʦû°ɣ
û¡
·ֻǵùµĿˣĵڶù¾ǣұҵǽҪͨ뺵ģĪûС

 18 


ʲôͨ뺣
˿ߵͨ뺰ұҵдҪ죬ԸǽЩҲֿĪƺ;ݣ˵˸½ҿŵӣҪǣûͨõҲǿԵģϾԸΪ˷֮ڡ
ôĪó˾ǰøơ
ӹ÷ɨһ£пţڣǴŰáĵӣ
ɴۣתּһɰȻ⣬⡭ѾͷΧ˰ɣ
ĪƱ۳ſˣ˵ҪͨЦЦҾ·һ£ô鷳ġ
Уó֪ǵǻܷġʮ㡾ְء
ĪѰ˼վŲҲͦɶ𡭡
ĵӣδ࣬Ī̧۾ͼһŮӳӢģ
ˣ֮ǰιһǸ
С㣡ǳ֮Ůң
ұҵǳһ˫ŮΪңȡңڿС磬ȷʵܷ֡
ˣȱ¡
ֻ·ô鷳
ȥ챻߶֮ң֣ҪݱݣҲǻӴ˵ĺ
ĪԾͦģֱңֱ֣Ǳߣæ֮æס˾֣Էɢ
ԵģΪǵ˫ˣҲһѺ֣ŮնǺܲġ
ңˣҲȻСȥ
ǣһˣңʣˣλ˭ѽ
ǡֿѡĪԥһ£˸ʺϵ˵иʣʦ
ңŶûٶʡ
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ŶȺ߰ķҪɽץױ˰ױ徻ȥһ£ҪץҲֹջ÷ǡңҲǸģǸĪƲû˵Īƿ˻ͷҲʹ˻ϻӡ
ǲ˵ϲױô
ǰϲԶ۵ϲҪѰױſɲ㣬ɽĺúõģЩˣûŰױ徻ʲôң˵⣬ˣҲֱֱȥġ
ˣҴС˵׿Ľ޶£ӣô˵㽣ǲǺ
á
Ǵһܣ
⡭̫ðɣĪǵһαԼܣ޽ֽղ㣬ָʱֱǵ汻
ң٣ĪҲԼһ·ŵ˽ж޽˶޹ԡ
ʲôõģ͵֮ͬ¡
һ·ģҲóſڵ˺ܾãСڸſӭǣš
ֿͦһүǣ˽ﵹϸңֱһֹѧģ秵ġ
ܶĪƬµҶתתֵݵǰȥ˵ţʦʦ㿴Ҷӻɫľ͵˰
ֽӹĪƼָҶӦţǷ綯
ǿɲʮ˻罺ġңֻ̯̯֣֪Եﹷһ飬మƺ׻ǱĬôһھȻҲѧһˡ
˵̽ͷ˿ҶҶʲôĻϡģֺ̨úÿ
ңҲ̯Լ֣Ǳһĳɼ룬ʵ͵Ĺе֣ңҫӡǣϲҲϲЩӶŬ֤
һƹȥҾܵҶӡСһˣ˼ŮӣǰûѧᣬÿԼ׸лˡ
һȥĵֹȥİ˻⡣
磡ңͷ
лôģ˵ÿﻹŰѵ
λڸͽ
ǡ
ǴŵӣɡĴָոǵʧңһˣһɺ
άĻĪˣôʵеĻͷһΣӣʿǻ๧ά̨ʣһЦλҲǣҴ˲ԡ
ʲôÿġлӻ֣ҸСȴȥɡ
ұҵʳĶ࣬Ǵζеأо飬һȦܿұҵúܺãĪ߹ľҪá
Ī˴Ǻ«ͷȥݣСʦ𡣡
ڡ
ҽʦ㲻ɣʵĪԵЩǶ˵ͬӵĴʦ֣ʦֵĻܺ׾ͱ˷ˡ
޷ʲôԡݲôν£ɽ㷱ĳǾҲ᲻ʲôֻĪƿƺܸˣͽϲֵġ
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ιʲô治ɫȥˣζЩģĪ۲ܽġ
ұҵǼ󣬲һܹģĪεгûĿĵأұҵǶס죬ĪҲӦˡ
ң״򲻶бϾҪæöˣȫҲҪܡ
вûңֵ£۾ģھǣҿҪΪµһ͵ˣ
ðɣ²ҪóΪµһ͵ĺͼΰҵ
ڱ¡
ʵǲġң˵
ϣ˹ܹӣҵϣеŮҵӣŰѵġ
Ǿ¡ң˸ۣŵֿľ׮ӣ׾ͱףҾͲұҵ˴ùҡ
־ĪѧеĶң˸Ĵָʮͬң˵
˵ܣĪĪʦ֣ȻȻ¡ңһתͻȻĪԼսұҵǣ޵еǶôļį
ĪƣΪڽ޵ӣӦò˵Ķȥɣ
ðɣĪͼܾ
ģҲֵġңĦȭơ
ǺðɡĪƲĥߴˣ䳡˰ѽֵ롣
ʵ֤˵˵̫Ų̫ţȻǻᱻ˵ģ֮ڱĪĦذңңƽߣѥӡ
ããڸͽ߽֪Īƾ鿵µͽܣ⽣ƣҲѹ鿵ͽˣƾ֮ŶΪ
׵Ů˻ܹƽкáңԹԴӵĪƱ˱ȭҼˣķڷţҳµһܡ

 19 


ⲻðɡΪһų˼Ů˵ˣĪеš
ʲôõģֻд衣ң˰֣µڽ޶ô𣿽ʦͽ𣿡
ң֡ңĻŮףϲ䣬⻰ʦѧȥ
ģܶడλʦ嶼ܵҴ򡣡Ī룬úʵϡ
ңϲЦտҪǻͽͱԴۼͻȻڳһȰģңĪ˿衣
ȻһͿĪƣͰţĪֶǫˣ֪޵һ
һүǷҪҧĽ˵ⳡ棬ֹġң²ۣϵʵʵš
ңȻ֪ΪʲôôʣĪƻǴˡ
ң꿡ܡ
ôȥģĪƻֲ˼ģҲͱָ΢Ц˵
ԸʺӣҲֱˣֶ㿴Ůô
С㣿ͦõİĪƿңŮ
Ҳͦõġңӻ
ȻǶòңִ򲻹㣬׾ͲðˣֱӶ¾ͺˡźЦġ
ͻȻµĪǸ֪ˣܾĻɤǰû˼˼ҵĵܾ̾˼һʲô³
ᱻȥιױ𣿻ǶŲڣߣƻ飿Ī˼
ңĪƣ𣺡ҲС
˵϶ϲĪƣ˲һ˴ҲӰΪµһͣ£ֻҪӰʲô˵
******
Īϲȥ䣬ϲڰĵطţһҲĪ٣ʱĪԼ
ͽ̫ܲԾϳƲҵûƽʱ˸߲ҵӡ
ƣݸҪʣͱĪ׽ס֣ʮ֣صظʦ˽ɡ

ݲܾĪƵָ
Īƴͷɥô죬ܲ浱Ůȥɣ
ﲢǲ֮ͨˣ˵˵ݸ˽飬Īƻûɵģ˵˵ڶٲȻȥ
ʦ𡣡ĪȻ̧ۡ
š
ײϣֻĪ˵á
ʦͽ˺ڣңڵдܵϢڴұҵǡ
ңò뿪䳡ľͷ׮й˰йˣƿڵ磬˵ǲǾҶˣ
ֻλ³ɶ֡侲öࡣ
ңû
λĻ¡
ôҼ޳ȥңһü˵ϸ˻ǲˡ
㵱λʲôݡ̾˿ãǱǻ̫ˣʶ벻ͨĪ˭鿵ͽδεǰ;˵
ңҲûʲôţңá
ұҵǵһջװӿŴ⣬Щ翣ǣĪСʦֶĳʼ𣿡
˵λ𣿡Сͯæӡ
ȻܽңСﰡϹ۹˼ԶұҵǸұҵǵоģ˱ûס
ɣڵӲԼµôСͯ룬Ǵˡ
вһġ˼ԶԹ˵ȥ޽ԽնǧԳǣնɽ޶۸оΪҵ㣬ջҲɱʦ֤ҽǶʵġ
ԣǸĪʦ־һ
Ҫ˵Ĳ˼ԶЦݲ䣬ɷǵĳ࣬ôһЦЩƵĺζ
˵鿵
ôˣСͯ⡣
Զֻ츳Ϊ𣿡˼Զֿ졣
ϾǵǧҲֻһλɡСͯжЩĽ鿵ǵǶܡ
ԣԡ˼Զ򴽣ǧǰλֻаնħµĺպ
أʲôľѹλǰܡ
Сͯù˵û鿵ΪɶҪôࡣ
ⲻ֢ڣ˼ԶƮƮ˵˾䡣
СֻͯҹģʱҪ㾪ۣҲǰɣҹиëʱһҪ˵лش𣬲Ȼҹͻ
˼Զ̾˿ôǶıô߶ͨأ˽
СͯҲĺۣ찡֪ÿΪ˽Ϲʾ֭Ȼ
Ҳ˼ԶʲôĪȥң˵˵ûа취ºͽ£ںҵĹϵһǲģҪþԳߣչǲ̫á
Īʱңմ̨˼ô룬ڵС㣬Щ˵
˵¡ң䳡ھ
ʵĽ֮ˣҵ˼ԼˡѴӰĪſھͿʼߡ
Ǹʦ𣿡ңһ㶣ֱ鲻򵥣Ȼû˵ƾһãĪʦܱȻüá
Īһ٣ͺһ£СôԭˣΪ˲ףȻǣԣԣ
Ҿ˵ġңֺһЦһҶı顣
ĪûʦͽĶˣңȻҵˣĪƻ˳ңȥ䣬ʵѾãֻ޵ҿ󡣡
ʼϹʱĪƻеҽͣԽ˵Խ˳ˣһɧ˵ңĿɿڴСԵﹷжԲû뵽ϻôĸ飬һң˿Ϊı˳Ĭ
ѽң˿Īƹ˹ƣ̶ᶨ֧ǣֵܣ޵ҲҪѧȥ׷𣿣
ֵĪĿɿڴˣôſںңʵеˣ
ңϷŹǺ£Ҫþ֪ߣС벻Ҫˡ
ĪЩΪѣƹˤһ˵˼Ľ㲻Ҫҵ˽ĵġ
ûֵܣһģãʦֶˣֵˡ
ң˻飬ҪǸұ͸ҳߣԴͷ۲ѣĪǸùޣŮֻԼĵǰûܸоİ
ôһ⣬ĪҲҸұҵǴˣžǡ
ûңҪǳǡ
ݲ֪ĪôңģСȷʵǸͨˣǵʱҪִȰֻӯı鿴Ǿ͸ˡ
ѵƺʲô˷θĻ

 20 


ķѩˡ´ʱпеԪӤֻʣһˣ̧۱ƿɼи߷˪֮ϣģžݲġ졣
˶Ϊ߷ɽһ壬Ψں֪߷ǽء
ݡ񱾼͡ǣǴ鿵ľħսºǧ⣬˿ݡ
ħͼһ漣Ҳ˶ᱦ˼û˭ܻ߳ǧѩƮ֮ںŷ˾죬˵פأԷ߽
ھ죬ϹŴܽ˾ѩƲҲᶨʱά󣬴ûܴӳ
ѩƱˣڱȻҪ˵һ˵ġ
ɽ£˾ݵ·ߣоΨһһ˷ڣ֮ɭϿɼһߡ
ݽ˷УӺ˶Ժ󷽿ɼǰУҲûطȥõģȱǣûӼģݻ˵ضϰʾˡ
ʮֺ󣬻˵ڱǸ̫ĵؽ磬ɹħڣǲκѹеǧ꣬Ϊ
վϿȥʱֻʮ֪ôţô򵥵һУѺʮ֮ħĴڣڵʷһƾáŲʮֺأǻ񾳴ԲʿȫһҲ޷ƿһӲ
ݺСʱȪ˽Ĺ£ԪӤÿʮڷӡӹ̣ҲǲģһǰǵһΣưŰݴǰվá
ĪԼһӵʱ䣬Żźվһӵˣͷң꣬յĵơ
ʵȤأȴиŵյѲߣû֪֣Ҳû֪˶ãݵһ̤ʱ˾λߣǡ
ǰһҾ߻˫۲δ㲻ϲϵ𣺡ɡ
һȥűˣڵĹ߻谵еյ䲻µһСء
ΪΡ
ѩǰ̽ڷӡݴù
Ӧ£žŸߣʱ̧ƴսþݿģǳõķӡֵòʱĥȥ
Ҳзħߣƹ⣬ǽײȥײͷѪҲͣЪ˾ռߣľӦҲô⣬ܾǰ˵ԵĮɽ˹ħ
ЩƬǣ࣬ԹԿ˿ڣҳʱôھǱһˡ
ǳ޸п⡣Ҳ类ظĥȥǣֱʱѹΪ֪ɣִС
ݲ֪ҲûĴ㣬ֻǼį̫ãҪҸ˵˵
۾ּзӡһףŷ
ĵŵƣҲȥʲôݰݱʱŰݻȥȾݽˣζ˵˾䣺غλ
һ
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ڷΧѺãͽҲΨһŴžĪƾˣʱû⣬ĪΪûдȻ˵Ļɡ
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˼Զһʿջ߶ţ˹ˣ㱾ǣôк쳾һǣ
׷нָֻѣ˼Զѳʣ׷һ·Ҫ˵һ԰ѡ
Ҳ֪ͽ֪֪Ǿηʿ׷ҪԵһ졣
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áʮ׷Ѱǿմ
ιȥǰأӹס˽ģʣһƬɫ
ȥҹûջ츮ٱĪ⣬ǮҲ򲻵ġ
ݻءɢУüʧЦ⣬ʧ۽˹⣬һƬӰ
ҹߣϾȴƷů͸˵ҹ㡣
˶˵ϺãϺáĪƻСۣȥӹİ߷⣬һҶСۣζ֮ϡ
ĪԸ߶ţһ࣬ժ˶ңŲʱԽˮĻ㣬ԭΪĪֻ߶Եģʫ˴ˡ
ʦ𣬵ۿȥժҶɣĪƻͷҿֲ٣ЩǮӦǿԼȥժġ
áӦ£̧ȥʱСɽ֮Ϲ࣬Ҷ͸˵ҶīɢһĨ۰ףּһҶҪѹȥ

 21 


ժҵļǮʮһˣԳ˳ԣҪߵĻǵǮ
Ҷ͸죬ֵĴңǲ㱡Ƥ֭ˮӯĹ¶˳ҲˣҶ⻹մһĨ죬ˡ
ʦ𣬳ӡĪƵ˸õӸݣûԣһתԼϺҧһڣʦܳԡ
ôһ룬еʦô졣Ī
ɽҲйֵġժ˸ӵݸĪƣһͬȥ
ãĪƵͷ˾ݸժң־̫ķԼҵģЩЦ
ϵʵȣڱҲûôѰﲻֹңϪˮϴá
ĪưϪˮ̾˿ʾݣʦ𣿡
áݲηů±仯Ҳûо
ӦҲûȰɣϾǱءĪЦ䵹ġ
˴ʱ˲ժҵģдһСģҲнֵеģĿ֮иۡ
Īƺ֪·ĵġ
ϳǸֵĴǣͬұҵǵң綼ЩС⣬·̯ڶѲ߶ҲЩֱ̯ߴΪһ羰ߡ
Īھ˸СԺʱûһҪȥĶȻһ磿类˺ˡ
ϼ߹ۣǮҲˣĪ˸ϣֻ󹫼ƻռ
СԺ̣ĪưϷŽбԺĺտ˻Ҷϻų¶ĺҶҶ˼
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ĪƳԵеţ˳ȥʳʦͽ˲ţϡԽǽߵĽСҥ͵ķΧС
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ôֲˣ

 22 


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ҶϲĶôԾȥ룬ӦԼ봺ʱҴ˱䡣
̲ס𣬴Сʿ

 23 


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ִŽõˡ˲䣬ʦ˵ѰһؾǴܲرҪȥ̽̽
á

 24 


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ųηֵؾ̽ҪʵЩϸˣȻо仰н𵤱ߣȥЩŴҺĵѾǽ⣬ͨҵĽѾǶˣ߰ʮ˽ڵʿҲȱȽǣҲħʿԽԽһԵɡ
Ĺ˵ؾʻĹ˴Ӳ˵ؾֱ̽ӸˣʱֵѴǶǸҲϲʣȥĵӣĳЩ
ʣµԪӤ治˫ʮ֮ҲûȤСؾĶ˷˿ھħǱû֪¿ܣ֮ȥû˽ؾ
ڵȥҲ͵ԸȥģųӣؾΪ
ûв©ǽϾڣ滪ιһص㣬ʣʲôʱ
պִ
̫ˡ滪紽΢ζĹģôܲȥء
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ʱĪŽע뽣£ָƽƫƫ⽣׾͵ȥˡ
ʦֶ廽
ʦ壿ôˣĪһЦ¶Ż
ŷһؾ˷ͬСݸ˽͡
ŶŶؾĪƵͷ漴ֿٻǰЩ쵲ǹһҵֻۡ
ˡ
װĲֹǣҩȶμңңɽɵȸҽܳӡ
У֮֮ġ졣
صģ滪粦ȣ˿Ź
ڶڿԵ֮أͼѽ
ڶ湻᪵ġ滪ҰҰ죬תͷͼջͤߣߵôôÿ
ջڱһڵݣΪһָ꣺
˱ĵطٲõı
˰ݡ
ջֻ̧ʾⲻض漴Ц滪˷㡢ҡͬС
𣿡滪һ㶡
˶ĿջϿкָ
ϣضĹ
á
Ǳһ֣еͷԼ֫⣬ͦá
滪ǰιʳܳǣܳԿˡ
ιιţֿʼˣϾջһǸˣϽҴҸϻػҪ£Ĺ¶ˣֻʣιˡ
˵滪ͻȻ˿ڣôû
ֻ屧޴󰭡˱ȭйоء
ţУ˼ǵ֪ͨҡ滪÷ܡ
ԣҪǵãҲ硣
գ档
磬޷ѵϣǸˣҲѲϣ磬绪
ؾأʱҲҪմʱ˺ͣ˵źƣҲ͵ǰĳӣԪӤųҵľҪöˣңйڶڿȥʿǡ
ʱֱֵССľôһ£˳Īƣǲǿ˰ԽƷԽߣ
˵͵͵һฺųЦµ壬ⳤñһŮĻÿס
ĪεؿǣֻȽԵʦϾڵһˣأӢ
˭ˣңЦ
㲻˵ƷҺôҲڴӰĪƲ
ţӢΡңͷ״Ƹͣ漴ָӦʲôƵ̧ͷĪƣȵȣӣʦ֣
޽һڵıΪ׼ڴӾͬӵĴʦ֣ȻĪǴӣʦ֣ʶԼˣ˵ңĥĥ
⣬⡭˵Īͼ⡣
ǡʱԶľݻһƣ
ңŷ̽ͷݻ˻֣֣Ŷ
Ӧ
˵Ѻýûάּ룬ĪѾңԶסˡ
ߣûƣͱųϳˣԼʦѵ룺֣һԪӤԲСʲô
ųʦ塭ֹҪǲ֪˵ʲô
ʦֶֻڣʦĥ־ַĲ£͸ˡ澰Žͣʦֲؾµģֻᱣʦֶ޴󰭣ӰλͬĿĵġ
㵹Ʊ硣ųһ䡣
岻άǼǳЦ⣬Ʒ겻֣ţôᵭȻǳ̬ȣʹ˸
׿˵Ҳû˻ʵʦͽһֵѪԵϵų˵ĸоǰ˼ǧѩӲ顣
ǰû˿Ϣƫɱ֮С
ὣʣά䵭ʦͽϵôֵܡ

 25 


ųûҪһͬ뾳ҪǱߵĪҲŬ˵ң죬ңôĪôߵģֻʣⶼˣôûһ𣿡
⡭ФġĪһ˵⻰ʵԼúܼ٣ﲻסЦˡ
ңˣ
Фģ鿵ңһ
ôˣĪһ
˵ұңһգ˵˿ˣ㲻õļƽϡ
˵˵ĪƱֳĬ
ּң֣ǹҪȥ׷֪𣿾ʦҲҪŬײ谭
ĪƾԼеļǰף⻰ҪþǹȶҪϡ
Сɱ̭ˣʦƼ£޵ôФġĪͼ·ߡ
֪ңһ֣صشû䲻䣬ֻϲϲ˵ϲϲ
ϲİɡ
İȥϲͶˣϲϲ㣡
ӦðɡϾͽ
ԣãʲô£
ң߼ֱĪҲŷĵ㣬㶵ңʵǲǻиְ
ţʲôңΪԼеã΢ؿĪơ
˵ýİɡĪʵֿ
ңһӣҴǲǣ
Ǹսȥãջһ˾ˣ滪ҡȵҡģջȥߺеѲ޶Ǹòƽƽͨˣ˿ѧһĸߡ
ͬﳤúÿôࣿԼҸؾңſֹ
滪Ȼתߺϣ£ȺЦɫ֮ˣľҲѰġ
ңգգۣٺЦ˵ֺġ
ʵʵ˵ˡ滪άǷЦǹӵη
ҲֺÿġңֺǺǵظ滪˸Ĵָʹ˾䣺Сԣ˿
Ǳңһ㶡
Ǹһ¹齭ϳǺ¥ỽһɲ֪˭˭滪磿
Ȼʢ滪Ȩңֻ˵һ䣺ֵܡ
סڰɴС㡣ҼҶеǳңߺҲ֪Լ˵˻ֻøĿڵ߰߰ɽ
滪ҲһͲͬ͵ˣңӢˬĹ˲οദһܡ
˵ӵʱЦŵģӣɶġ
¡ӳϲô˽ȥ
ʲô¡滪粦ȣЦ˽֪һˣƱȤؾȻҪһ⡣
ЩûûƤĻ滪ƫԵȻ˳Цŵģߵߵƣ̩Ȼϣǽȥɡ
ӳҲûɣʵʵ˽ؾӣҲֻܰذ·˽ȥˡ
˽ؾɫ뾰䣬ջ滪쪵˽ңɫʣڵպãɷ
ħ޳ħ޴ܲĹֶΣһ·ʵǻֻܿԼֱ棬ط֮»Ļڵǡ
οǷ᪹Ĺ
᪺ˣֱϵѪ滪磬˵׼г䲻ĺô
ġĵҲС
滪˴֣оôһ䣬ƫջ쪺֪ŲǰߣҲֻСֹ￹顣
һ·ûˣҲ˵Ҫôؾֳ˲ͬ飬Ҫô˸ĵط
Ǻߣǿɲˡ滪ӡ
ջǸٵģһ㶼ֹֻջķݣǸʵˣ̸̸ܸʲôģ滪һ·ҲֻܿĦջʱˡ
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滪ǰûԣҲҪʲôսӣҽһ߸ߣ˵һ׳ʵȥ
԰಻ջջô׳̫Ե滪۾һ죬ֻջޱزһû滪ϡ
üһٵ滪ĨĨ۽ǲڵᣬסԼۣЩ˼쪣ǣҵӣǵñ֡
õģӦһ滪ȱһᵶ·֮߲֫ѪҺĽ滪ҪʱۣҪϥһټ
Ҳ滪¶֮Ļ쪿ҿǵ߸ͣٵģջǱ߾͸ˣûлҿġ
ջЩ쪣˸ֻˣɫ⻪ס滪쪣ЩӵĶҲηЩ롣
Ϊҽһ˵ջ߿ʹ֮ҪƽҲѡ
ǰЩϽ֮УջԾüǳλָµѪȺζӵ
쪲ؿԼҸջûյð£ٶǣ
ȴսջµѪδĶʣȴڴǵѪɲǱж
ջţɫ糣ֻ򶾲֮壬ȱ©
ȶ߸ôиҿĶ
滪粻ǵԼô߳߿ߵģջ쪴۵ʱ˼ҵҪȻһçôôֹı顣
ˣ滪һ档
Ȼϵģû˴
һ谭߿ߣ湻ݵġϰ滪⡣
˰ѽؾΪڽ֮ͻȻҲͺˣ߿ںܶħؾĹѾһѹˣؾȻֻǸθСˡ
߿ߣҪһߣ类̵ùͷӶʣˡ
ӣ滹кܶ鷳滪̾˿ȴޱ۾ɥ֮⡣
ջǵɣ߾Ҫöˣ˱֤Σ⻹ҪĪƣʵĽŲѪҲЩǱ
ԺõĵطžĪƲҲʲô鷳
һὣһǣĪƺ;ݺòɢɫָɢγɹλסĪƺ;ûӴҼ򵥱ݡ
ټʱĪв򴽣οţʦỤġ
ҺһöûСĪ˸ôŵ˵š
Ҳ㡣岵ء
ţ
û鷳Ц⼫ǳŵķΧ¿˸СЦ
٣ʦ忴ʦĪ֪ûת׽ס䡣
á

 26 


˵滪Ǳ߲֪Ĺƽ֮Ƕһݣ߾һ˽ħ޲֮ˡ
ճ߿ߣؿ𶯻ʬ֡
ˡһ䣬ҷй˼飬ûѰʬ֮
߾էĸʬɫɲٻϢ׵ģǳֽ塣
Īžһˣֻֻֽܳһ֣Ȼ岢ΪҪݳֵʱҲΨлԼҪۡ
Īټ嶯䣬ʱ裬ִʫ齲ٲȻҲ𣬶ǳֽɱ
Ĭŷ۵һƬ߷ŻֲסʬҲǰв
ĪƶţͻȻľؼ䣬ֻҪдһߣܻΪ
Щʬаʬɣһ˵ҲΪ޾壬Ҳѹʬڶ࣬ߣĹҲ֪ûлʬ޳ʬӣʬ˵߹ûȥ֪
֪ˣϸȰ޶ʦһ˵ġƿѹº𣬵ϵħаʬҲô鷳
ԣֱֺֹЦ⼫ǳૣأʦ֡
ǰЩĹյĴڡ
ҪҪȥʦ壿Īʿˮֻྰ̾ء
Ϊ˵͵ҲٲŴȣԱͬܳӣƺոΪ͵һ֮ؾһĪˣǻƿ
ֱ֮зʱʽҲŻʬķӦ仯ݷӦˣôǻƿ
ʱɫ԰˲٣ţʱס˻ʬ̽飬ȥ
̧ʱǺŲЦδʣƫЩ̽ζ˵ʦֶ㲻Ծ
ʲôĪһ㶡
Ϊʲô᲻¡⻰˵һ˲ͳ׻˹ȥ
һס˻赹壬ҲĶ뿪
ĪԼյ֣ЩίҾǲ°
ָ֪ʲôѰ߹߿ߺͻʬĹƵˣƫƫ㷴ӦûС
ջͬо˻ʬĹǵļƣֻûʬгָ·ˡ
߽ħ޶Իʬ֮Ϊϣһ䣬һࡣ
ջĬ滪粻鲻ԸСֹͭ࣬ôࡣ
ջɨһۣ𣺡ֻѡ
Ȼõջش滪ʬôľôȥΪֹĹе϶Ǽڸ߽ħƳģǲ֪Ĺһػʲôģ
ᵽʱҪѪװɣ滪˦˦õ۵֡
ջû˵滪·𿴶֣ѪŸɡ
滪һҡͷϵǱˣѪʲôĶװ
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ݱһ·ƫңңյ㡣
·˱ΪʱϵԶȴΪϰѶȲͬԽԽ
ʱɫ裬ĪŸУݿ˷ƣ⣬Ĺﵽײʲô
ǧչ߷Ҳ˵µķСעǰʮַ׸᪣ﲻ侭֣֮λŮ塣
ֻĽ᪣ʶ˲壬һͱ˹֮λɥȪɵؽţ˶׼ֻϧûܳŵҰĵʱ򡣡
ؾеջ񣬻Ķöࡣ
Īƿűдţ;˵Ļһֶ
ؾɫ裬Ҳ㲻Ǿ˶ʱգɽ϶Ķ࣬żҲɼЩ¾ѪѰİˡ
ʦ壬ĹгôĪľ֦
еġ䣬ɽϪǻˮҲ˵Դͷͳģˮ
ݶ֮£ûнӻ˼
ʦ𣬺𣿡
ؾѹұԴ֮ĶɫҲ
ʦֿ֪ʲô
뾳޻ߣҲû߳ȥ
Īֿ˿ڱѰ˼ʦʦ彲⻰·ġ
ʦԱ𣿡ĪƸ˿տȵı
Ҫֹܾס϶૵Ҳ
ʲôҲ
һջͣͬλãεĸĤ˷ָλöơ
滪ŹǷֱջûԹɨҶ׼˯ĵطȥ
ջеѷ˷СָָǲĿּ¡
߿ߺͻĹԸ߽ħ޶δ̫Щ治ܶûзֻ˵ǰؿʿģһͬʵԡ
ƶϤ֪ħ޻滪ƲֱϵѪֻҪϵúãܼ᲻ٷյġ
滪û쪸õ̾Ϳ˯˹ȥ
ջʾֹշü䣬ңң˯øƵ滪磬һ滪ü䡣
ջ滪粻֪ıʲôһ˲滪˵λ
㴽ÿٺ١
Ҳúÿð׺ó
½ɡ
ڵģ滪һѣͷԼ˵˻صˣջ˸ָܷó
ָˣ滪ӣѾʮԼˡ
쪻˵ֺÿҲÿĶÿ
ҲǿҸ
ٺٺ١ʮظԭһ¡
滪ʵ˵ڳʮı飬죬찡ж𣿵˰ɣֳѽﻹϷġ
Ƶ·¶ѨһΨжЩ΢⡣
Ѩ͵øǰԽƽҲԽ˾滪۴һѨ塣
ֱջб⻪תѨ
һҲظͬĶ
ף
ʮ󣿡
ԼͬĻջзڰеĹײġ
ôݣ滪һ
ʲôĪǺ淢ʡ
Ǻɥϰˣû뵽šֻŹײסӰλȥֻԭͨɫʱڣصס
ȥ˿ŽⶾĪơ
ĪƱⶾѬǰڣݶҲ͹Թȥֱȥ˵ţ׼֣ȱȥ
һߵ滪޲ӦϾϻջĽңƷƷ
滪öͭǮϣ߶ţе鷳ʮ󡣡
ⲻȥι߰աջ
ɢɢ滪һ죬ǹҰ
ջͼ˵ιǼǺܽĺòá
˵ι߲˼쪾
㲻Ҫ˵ӰҲ㣡滪һۣզ֪ջ˵ǰȥιȥⲻŬŤԭΪԼȡ𣿣

 27 


νʮʱѳᷨйŵĶСΪʿΪĹĹҲЩײĵһһ´֮ص³
ʮҲʮ󷨷ҪȥģֻҪͬеʿ߾ݵķʽĹȥ
滪ͭǮƮȻߵ˶·͵˵洫֣ʮںۣûͷ
ϲ̫
ɰŴף
ô˵ôҪأ滪һţһڴ˾䣺ҲС
Ѫסջһתųһ
滪һ㶣͵ۡ
ջû롣
Ҳһð滪ˡ
Ҫԡջ
ҾһŬһ£滪һɻӾ֣òȰջ롣
滪һŲͭǮһ߸̣㣬ĺոԼµ֣
Ҳ׼Ī˲ٵҩŪ˼ӳֹϣٶȽ׼׵
һȥвٲָŵɫʯ·˵ϳأҲ㲻ɡ
һỤǵġһľ򴽵˾䡣
ʦ𣿡ĪƲ⡣
ʦֲһġ弫طӦ˾ݵ˼Ѿˡ
״Իʮ󡣡ݿ壬ʮ֮⣬ʮ󡣡
аʮһʯװʯĪƷʡ
žΪһֻžŹһҲ˵ʮһţʮ˴þΨһšȣһ·й۲ؾŲ֮⣬Ϊһ·ߵף޻ͷ·ԡ
ԡҪôѰţҪôĪƳ˿
֮ʲôδ֪˲䡣
һʱԡ
һ滪Ҳ磺ģңһģ
ǵʯʯײ޲ֻͬ룬治ôŶȥ
ǲңջ쪶ûӦ滪粻ɵЩˣôĲ㣿
ȥ껹˵ǶëûСѡѺ仰ȥ
ôʾ滪΢գ׵ôһд滹ô۵ĵطʲô취
滪ŵʯףȴǺͷһƿײŵСڣ˳ǺĪƴ̲ס˼
ƺ֪ѹλ˻ȥ
ʦ壬ڸĪӣζᶼˣҪǣ˵ʮô㿪û
аʮһʯףʮ󲼾ֵһҪѳΪˣܸõĹĨȥָҳΪϲذΪɥźߣΪԹ֮㡣
ԣĪƲ
ʮһʯ׶ɥĹʮ涼ѹµģҲ˵ֻĹɫ˵ողƹ׵ɡ
·ôི
ȻΪϲذΪɥش¼ôţʿϲɫŰħкڣЩȻûĹ涨Ǳصѵ
𣿡ĪƳԼһڣͻȻе顣
ԭ޽֮ˣҲʦּȻˣıǡָһ£ΪʲôһӴħ޳еĺɫûԵɡ
ŶĪ˿̲סʣô˼ҹײİ壬˼ʬ𣿡
뵽һ㣬ͣ֡ȻɹĪһ죬ԽԽãʦ岻ôˡ
˭ŵʦ治ɫƱ˹ײİģ
ԣǸô찡ҲҲ׼ġĪ˸׼Ģ
Ҫʦֶָ׿ڣ߿
ʦڶң
ûСһģ
ʦʦ˵ʲô
пɡݴ

µĽʽǣĪƱָ˸ףһָҽ
Īƶڵûʦôģ
ʦֶ˰ˡֿףյġ
ǣɶˣĪһ
ɫδ滺ֻҲδʮ֮żء
ʯȴûٸǽʱ䣬һ󳾷𣬽ͨͨ˽ȥ
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ջʱǴϸũߣֲִֻڵѶϾʯ·ϣƿɼңң̡
ôջ̯ʪģ滹ʱµ˺ۡ
ŶʦԸĻƣ֪Ҵ꣬ʰҩݵģҩʰɾˣֻʣһ
۵ĳʪ͸֮ϼջȥֹס˶ǡʱƿƾɵľš
׵ķǸٲϲСͷ
ʦջ
ҡɫƣƾջĳƺҲƶϳǹҽһǧ
ԸĻˣ
ˡ
˵Ľʮ䵭ѰǧﱻϸɨƼջеʱйͻƿڡ
һջѾ䵽Ժոȥ޸֮ˮĸӣ׵ˮļ͸
ΪѧЩģǧ
ջ𣬸ŭ
ǧﳶջڽקף˰ʢˮˮУˮǺڱǣҲմʪ޷
ջûзľֱֹǧɿѾϰǧĴǧΪʦͽʼ
۵ĳˮɢˮʣʪ۽ްջ̧ۣԨ֮Ⱦ̧̣˲Ϣʾ˫
ֻǧûж
ǧһǺݺһմ˹ֵϣţ˫Ҹ֪֪СӵԼʲôҲѧӿң
϶ߣܱ⡣ջְǧúһ
֪ǧﲻϲԸԸطǧû취Ҳỵ́Ҳý̡
Ҳ֪һԶǧץŶôȥأ
ҵϡջû۳񲼻µģǧﲻϲ˫۾²ϹҲʱסۡ
οҪˣʦҲùɣųԵȻɫһתֱߺܣ˵湻𣿡
ǧüͷһ壬ǵںʲô
׾ӵļħβˡջ̵úԥ
ɽ徰ɲǱֻʣûʵڻҼп˻ţôܣҵĻþ֯ûЧ
ջﻹǸ룬ǧɱһΣȻɱڶΡ
ԡǲ䣬꣬޴˵ȿܣһһǣ־Ͳ
ԣջһþ걻ˮʱֻΣûٸ˵Ļᡣ
ջ˷䣬ȻþҲ˵滪ˡ
ǲ֪쪺滪Ǳʲô

 28 


˵ջΪõ־þһӦۣ滪߾ˡ
˭ܸһô£ողǻڸ¥ʫôͻȻͣǧչˣ
滪üģַУ⻹ûʹӣƿţΪ׵ǶС̱滪ҪڣŪ롭
ϲӣˡ
ʲôϲҸҪˣ滪һ¡
أ̱һ飬滪кŮǰ滪簴Ŵȥˡ
ôˣҷŵôܳף˵λ࣡ŵ滪ֹסĺ
ٹָ£ҲôӣҲôӡ滪
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Ȱʶֺ꣬αֵѿ
滪һ㶣ҿЦأ
ŶС绪ʲô𣿡ƿͷ¶һ޵
滪ǰһڣҲϲŮİ
ϲϲҵĴڽӴɻÿ㡣˸Ĵָ
⻹ûã滪;ԼҪ̼ˣһϵ߰ڽã滪Ѿ˼ÿλ˭ˡ
ƫӿڵǰݵ
滪һ㶣̧ʱֻɫΪɫֹջϣͬߡ
ֹ˵ʳסȫҳǮΪʳĸ
Щ꣬Ҳջƫúܡ
滪Ǻ˸Ƕأٵİɣ
ǣΪġֹףҾͽǧչ
㲻ǰҷҪҼ̳мҵ滪һɻ
ŭ䲻ֹ˵һ
ȵȣס滪ͻȻ侲Ȳ˵ûϵȤֹ˸Ͳô˵ƭҲŪһ㰡
ǳջֹϲҪҼ̳мҵǸأǱأ滪쳹ϲãڵǾɫһ䣬ȥС绪Ҫ˵˵
ˣٵĲܸ٣ûôְ滪ͷʼ˵ΪħǰɣҪŪҲŪñ㰡ȷʵµģҲǸܷ£һǼٵģԻ˭أ
ؾһٶһλûħξͳʦɫһŤŭ֮Ϊĵ׵־嶼ֵֹ޴֣ʶΣȥ𣿣
ȰײһʱǼֱǣöص
Ҷη֮˵Ƥң㶯𣿡ơ
ֲģô²֣˽𹫱ʱˡ滪Ħȭơ
أòƤңµôջһߣһ˫滪磬װ˰˷ϡ
֮ܿ滪㣬֮ĪˣΪ˱֯־ڿʹȥΣȻҲܸ滪籸һˡ
⣬²֡տس̶൱ص滪˳˼
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ĪƾԼͦõģҲر֣һָûָҲûѰţĪԼָ˶Ŀİ˵þȥˡ
ʱﻹŰûı׶ĴǻûڣĪƾ̧ʾˣȵȣҿ
һͬݻþľǰһƬհףûûزãһˡ
˸ȴ޷ӦĪƺĴڣһأ˺ǣûзֺ
ݱ˱ۣ˼ͽʦܣöʮ
ûлӦ
ûôõʱĻУɫĻ¾է֣͸ŹŽգϳʪһƬֲˮˮ
ʦݻذɡ岻ԾظǰĶعȥӲָڷת࣬˷ɾǶɪɪǹġ
һҹᣬԶƾɡ󣺡ʦ֣㲻Ҫʦ˺òáǻȥ
ǧͽĴݻ޹ءһỬ۽ǣͬⶼ԰
ħҪħΪ顣ʦڵ
ǡɤӣסҡͷץų½ǣ׽סһϣʦݻزǡ
ųһֱ߳˼ף˵ţħߣͬ
ħѪͱ𡭡Դ𣬡ʲôû
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ݻءȻ
֮Ҳһʿһã뺰ſںţɱɱ
ڶûаַӦȴ˰ѽҪ֮⡣
岻ԸֻһջڴɲǲԾ˿üۼҲ˼ʵӵס͵͵ػݻء
ͬҷɣҲǺ¡ѹջϣнûɿȴҲСĹű˵ջ
һֱûӦջȻ̧ۣһָϣ𣿡
ʲô
ջֽϣ߲㣬ʣ㲻𣿡
*****
ݸϵؾʱĺųüĪԼҲ˾ݷֻ֮£Ϊ˶Ϸ
ûո磬ڵԾһֱڼ
ųüû˵
ʦ壬ؾûô򵥡򴽣ڻĹʱ˲Сˣײʮ󡣡
ʮ󣿣ųһעĹȻ󷨶ͽܡ
ҵӻûִ֮أ߲ȣвȵءн
ųɨ۾нʱ˲١
ؾ
ɡ
ʦֶ˲ɢؾеľĿĪƵĻúõĺܣΨĻڲķֻ֮ȥôܲ
ʵֹĹҲͦĹһٶ꣬ò׼ˣű֯جʻЩڿ־ʹȥҲð̻ˣΣɹ׵ֻǸģ
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ȻǸҲûǣһ쵽Żûջֹôÿ˭µְ
͸Ƶģһ˰ٱ飡˭ס

 29 


ˣɡޱŸƵ滪磬ҿʣôôˡ
ԶԶԣо䣡滪۾һջһǿԶ۲ɣҲһֱһ˵̬ȥջ߯ˣʰֶ߯ݣҪƽĸٵĶջôá
вɡ
䣿滪գۡ
滪˲ֹһ
ôõĲѧѧջһʲô˼Ҹ㽲أҪ˵ЦĿ滪ֿʼΪ
˵һ䣬ܰ˸ȥ𣬶ԶԶߴߡ
ûǱ֯جʹ˳ٿ־壬ģʿܵǡ
Ϊ˲Ҳֻܰ⼸һСָһȺٹ˵ʿԼԼĪԴģҲ֪ܳԶá
Ⱥˣ̫ôˣ
̨Īƿһ
衣
Ҫ߿ԣǿ°
һ滪Լָףģûлӣ
㣬˲Ҫ̫֣
ѽ𣿱ӳƭƭҲУ
滪λүʵǸ⡣
糣߶߶𣿡
ޱȥӣ滪һӽԸϻ߶߶ջѹҪװҲװ㰡
򲻹滪ɫ΢΢Ťֲ
滪غһʱָСĻ˸ڣѽѪˡ
㻹ٸ𣿡ѾٸϷӦˡ
κΣɲǣһض֮ضɽҡ
滪ָתתӦţţܣ
Ķؾػ޸ˡ
滪ʱȺһૣĹޣ滹湻ֱʵİ
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ŪѪ׵װòͺŪô鷳
˵ʮ󶼽ģ䲻ϵ
Ҳ˵ڽ֮ǰҾѪһ·Ҳûǰɣ滪һ졣
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С滪绹ǵһξţԼô
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ǡ滪Ȼ˹ǣҲ˷ζֻ᪵Ůֹɱˡ
滪̬ȣҲûٶˣֻһūˡ
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ؾ֮⣬ʦֶһʱԡ
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ȥġ
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ʦ塣һ죬Բڵأӵأһؾ֮𣿡
ųòŻȻܲ㡣
޹ءݿ
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ųûٴҲû׷ȥ
ԾΪ׵ԽӷɢƷҲгһӵȴؾеӡ
ݸּ֣⳾ѾõĳأΨн࣬ɫ⸧ŷв֪ٸ
þбĿ޵ľȻۣ־任ֻ̲صҲξԪӤʾ𣬾нʣȻ
ǲԼͬͣлƣ̧ͷȥɫ죬ЩʿҲæţ죬˵ţλܳˣôƣ
ӵԭסؾڵ˵æɢȴԼӵܳصʿ
ųһʱԣݻ̵ƺδĹֻδܴ졣
һ򷨡ǽĶֱָؾ
þ̺ԪӤԲǿʽҲӦֱϡ
ԪӤһؾѿһ
ʯ׷ɼ䣬ԩ˻ǰִʿɫȻɳմֺ˾콾鿵
һƬУ޵Ӵɢ꣬ҽ޵ҲæȥѰؾϵˣѰĪƺ塣
ŸЦĪһƬǺзĿֻʦ𣡡
һƬ֮ҵһϢ壬ңңԶݸסʱҲûջء
ʮ΢ĪҲæŶʦôˣ
ûκˣһ˵Цǿޣ͵˾䣺ԡһġ
һ䣬֧Ųס˹ȥ
ҡҺõúܰĪЩæңʦͽ˴弱뿪˴˵ء
û˻ע⵽֮ǰĵطվŸߵӡ
ջºζһ߲ˣƫƫ˲ʣɢѪ
νؾ˴˻Ĺؿץ߲ʮģ˻ɢ³˻ܳŵƿؾҲû
ӻȥʼûѹҽӶԴ޲ߣֻħд̫ã˼Դ⣬ҪΪͣˡ
̧֣УľӦǲġ
ͨôҽŮǲͨڣײ˾Ҳֻʵ䷴
ԣҽŮ䣺ο¹ǳвסǿġ
µΣֱص㡣
ѰҽޣˮľľΪӱԴˮϢҲҪмǣѧǳ߲ɡ
ʦ㣬˵ҽջأҽСֹ
ҽĽʿôҵģҪͨҲգˮľ
ǡãջȫοǹҽһˣҽܲȥ
һҽҽǷ׷Ψ˼ؿ򿪿ҽޣʣջ
˺Ѹ˵ģǼҲˡҽ޴ΪŤֲҷ˵⡣
ȥ

 30 


һ˼ջʱû뿪Ѱ˴Ժ壬Ҳǵ쪺滪ǻĹöȥˡ
ƫջԾУۣߵʱۣţֻվŵ鿵ͽܡ
ΪΡ
ҽ
ջһƣû뵽Լбõҽһ졣
ǰҽȾʦɣĪƸǻ
Ǻܸߵġ
ֻҪκʦܣϧ
ϸջǵһμ壬Ҳǵһξһڡ
Ҳ֪ԼôģӲϲ˽ӴƫϲĶʵԮ֡
Ρ
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ջ㶣û뵽徹û˿ĿܣŷעڣҲȫ̽ɡ
ͨɫҲƽջͨòˣҲ˽յ֣Ŷ뿪ʱԴڻеס䣬ջûҪһʱ壬ૣݻء
ôᡭջ֣֪׳һʿС
˻ԲѵƬ̣֣Ŵƿš
ŵʦͽˡ
ʱڻѣ˷˼ԴҪָöջɫ
ջ⻰ݲ˿ʵ𣿡
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ݿջûһʱشʱǷǱǷǮΪֵ¡
һȲΥе壬ֲΧŵջ˲䡣
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Ҩҩιû׷ؾе£ֻ˵ǻڰɡ
á
Īƴڣĩβ̤˹ڵ·
ھһƷֻ꣬ھؾʱع鱾Դһλڣֹñչȹ̱ԴҲñչȹꡣ
зӹƲ㣬Īſ۱߿վñֱľݣһĿΧ
ǵִʱҽȺˣ䷭ת̽ڵ˷עȹ̾
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Ȼȹ˱ԴҲûʲôˡ˵ţָָ壬㻹øƷһˣЩҩ׼չذɡ
ǣʦ塣

ʦҪչضãĪʡ
¡
ŶҪչ˺ԼĪžݵıӰ˵ĻںУطȥ̫Ҵң˵ʦҲʣǵҪȥɽô
ݲڵӣټֻʣĪһˣ߼תǶµ˲ΣⴿȻ˲Σǳúãٿֱ֣ϧˡ
Īƴӱߵϣִӽϻصһ·ݳԿϧûɵĶҲͿʼˡ
ݳƣĪЦݲõɵӣžȥԼ׼ĳʳ߶ţȥϵһ·϶ûʦϺóԵģҪһԲϡ
ңǣ𻨸⡣ĪһһָţСݸǰգ˲ڼ̲ˣ
ĪƵЦ߸Ⱦôֱģݲ䴽ǣĪ˵Уʦû˵Һ㡣
ĪƸһܱҲ֮ЩһúòãҶ֪
һֱ㡣ĪƵļʾ֣ٶȶˣŲ˾䣺Ҵȥɡ
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ȻݴӦĪƵǹ֣ɽĹѰ·Ƿģʱڷɽ
մĪɽȥǻûɽĪƾ֪ȷʵûƭǸԶѾԿɽѩ֮ɫˡ
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ֱǵɽҲ׳滨£ͣ˲ӣְ̧˰ݣֻԸ꿵֣޼
ʱʦ滨ĺ˼ʱΨһͽܣĪοǰ󣬵ƽϲ޼
ĪҲŰ˰ݣûʲô뷨ݻʱ΢΢һ
Ҫȥ𣿡ݰ˹תĪԡ
𣿡Īһ٣ôȷ˵ţ̽𡣡
˵Լǲ˼ͼȣ뷨᲻̫ˡ
ģ㲻ᡣºͣ˵ţҲڣҪչ˺ԼĪҪ۸ȥҲмǣɱ¶쾭֮¡
Īû̫ýȥ߾ݴʱһСȥʶһ࣬Ȼڲŷп룬С룬ʱ㿴ˡ
ĪȥһҲû㿪ʶãǲġ
ʦпС롣Ī˵š
СӦŵĳ˵ѣҲ⣬һֱûȥ
˵ܺÿ
һ˵ֻýӲתԭ⣺мǣ֪㾭֮£һеѰ˽ٴ
áĪ˼ᣬڷᴵ֦ͷҡҷɢ׷Ӱ˫Ǳķʱɱȶɽѩ

 31 


ʦͽڣԽǱ߿ɾͲˣ˽ϼؾ֮´˴ҴҸϻڣյԽ趼ûüһڣ״޶˾ݼˡ
ʦͽġ޶һ
֮У˶Լ״һ⣬ͽܳԽһ㣬ãһ򣬰˳ҲǾûܽ
ͽеĲ֮סǹ޶Ҳúܡ
޶㣬Ĳȣ˸պһڲȫ˳Ҫ˵ڣ֮ᣬݳƵһͽ޶˾ǵ֮ĵڶ޶˵ԼĲȣ
ҽһУŸħޣҵģУͽ֮ȹ̵ġ
еŮģ˲ǲգͼάһ׺͵ʦ
Ůޡ
ôˣ
ϷŪͽ޶ϸһ£ʱӣһڲ˵ЦСʿõۡ
˿Լͽܣ΢죬СԼûġ
üͷһ壬鲻򵥣ô˼꣬޶ʲôӦģæȰģǡ
޶˲⣺ʦ⣿ǹġ
üһɣôɣ
̻ơ
ͽһֱı飬ͻȻЩҭԼѵ޶˵Ż޶˰ӦΪʦȥŮˣ²ܸģҲ޹ء
УұزܷŹ޶˴Ȼ˰ݡ
²άʦˣָ޶ŭϱ²Ǿ¿תɣ
޶һʦĪҪ˵ֻѱֺת֮˵
˼𣿡ЦԼȥǣŮԺٲ֡
޶ŵϵװβ˵˼ʮʦͽ˲֪ܲʲôֻŭȥڵʱ׼
ǣʦ𡣡޶һݣûаԹԡ
Խϯ޶˱Խʱ´ţҪ֪ϯܱľ;ˣһʱǻˡ
ճؾϢϵԽʱ޶˸շǹ֮ˡ
ʦʲô
Ҫˣʦ޶˴Ȼ
ɺˣ

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ӡŮỽ
ӵݵ𣿡ʮһӣϻơ
ˣӦϾ͵ˡ
ջԸȳ˹񣬡ǰ
ʮһ΢䣬ҴС
ҪѰˣֻҪҵõ쿪õұϧ
Ѱˡ
֮
⡣ջһ٣֮ǧǰ֪٣ϣʮһҪ󣬻ЩΪѡ
ûЦЦת˲ŵЦݣһ䣬һɱġ
շתεǧ꣬Ϊľе޼֮ף֮ǧ꣬Ҳ֪һ˼ĳ
ҲǵһѰ֮ټƼջʱ֪һΣֶܲˡ
滪֪ʱĹӶˣֻ૵ʮһҪֹ֪ˣ֮ɻˣҲҪһ
޺ջɫ糣
һҲŴʮһǱأ滪ֻۡ
ǾȥծջЦһ
滪ֹץԼĹӣȻһٺģʲôծ
ǵյһ꣬һ»ӻ˱ĿµĴ뱲ӣǶҪ׹ˣãԺסС
ֻ񣬴ʮһˣҲвˡ
ʮһɽûߣŮһŷţֺαŵǧչٹҰġ
ΪҰģҲҪ´˵ŵ龫ȥҡʮһû¶ȣһڵŵ᲻׶ʲô
ֹôݾĽɫôܸʾӶ
ǴǧչʬɽѪɱļ̳ˣɱþ嶫ꣻҲһ˵Ĺҽһˣ۹ⶾ̾
ֹ£֪٣ʮһ֪ĶЩħݡ
ʮһָ⸧ձߣû°ֺۼеĹճݾҪ֮֮ѪҴһ塣
*****
ĪƵûάֶáѧÿˡ
̧죬൱ʶһĿ൱ʺ˭Ӱڿ˿û޵ƾٿ̨塣
ݰԼʦöҡ
òͬ޶ˣ˵Ǳ˷ǽѧģĿΣҲˣôʱ䣬ֱ붨ֺ
ĪĨĨ۽ǲڵᣬ˯ͨʶλᱻһġ
ǽ֮̯Ҳܽú˳Ҫ򷭿ġ
һﴫĪƾȤˣٲľĵֲǣ﷦ζġ
֮ǰΪҵȽ޿ģÿһλңӶ֪ϤģעΪǰּҲͨʶıҪ˵㣬λɶб£üһﴫǻҪ֪ʶ㡣
ǰĺôĪƾַʡ
Ȼͷʾ⣬ǰӲ֮һ㷨䡣
һ򷨣
ǣҲһ渵ĪҲصǧǰǸȷѪʱħ㶦֮һһնΪ֮ħΪʢ춨ʯ
Ҳնʳ˵ħħƿħǧ˺ݵƪ£ֱʮǰħΪǧħ¡
һƿħ޵һ޼طܴһ壬ս˴ڶҫʷ
̨ܲѣĪȴ־֣ʦ壬ôһ˰
ôһ仰õĿⶼƼˡ
˵ǧĽɲˣƾĪӡ
Լã岢֮⡣
㿴ûоʱ϶Īһɻ
ǰⶼΪ壡Ӳ
ǶԸħ廹˵ùȥħ޲Ҳ۸ħ޸Ī»ˡ
岻ԣִֻĿδһãԼ뷨Ǽ¡
ħʲôˣΪ
ǱϲҲ𣿺Ż˼أ۳ܣĪƻû¹˭
֮ǶǺˣǰûĪִСࡣ
˼ǧ꣬ʬһǧҲ𣿡Ī˼
֮ǰһ֮ҡ忪˿ڣо޾֮˰ˡ
ԵΪʲôأĪ̯̯֡
Ƭ̣΢΢ЦҲ֪

 32 


ÿǵִĻ޶˱ʱ˾䣺Ŷ𣿡
Īſڶ壬ʦ壬Ծôǹ׶ôΪߣ
ڼ֮˵ǽΪôϱҲǽߡ徲ʦֶЩ˵Ҳ͹ˣĪҪʦˡ
ŶĪƴòʲԸ
֪Ƿƶ֣֮ʱ̫ƶɲǺ¡彲⣬ĪƵͷһ·û
ٿʱ˵ǣˡ
Īһ̧ۣͻȻԼȻѾǣţˣȻתȥ
ʧҲŻؼҵ·ôĪƲ֪
ǣţ̤ɽߣһţʲôأѩɣ
һѱѩ棬һ࣬Īֵسǵʳˡ
ݲôԻ磬ĪƶʱҲͲˣżеġ
ˣʱǾڿԶ
Īƺ˿࣬ƽտ񣿡
ҾϽò̫ԣϸ˵ĶԡĪôһί
Լ뷨Ǻ£Ҳع־ż
ͽѧùѯûƺÿʦͨʶҲˣ޶˰տʲôջ񣿡
޶˼ôᶨ²Ƿƶ֮˹࣬ͽܶɾɼ֮ˡ
ǸŮüһ
ԡ
㣡һ죬徻겻Խ壡
ʦʲôʦͽģҲûⰡ޶˲⣬ʦôԴԼ˵ĲԺԽԽϲŭ޳أ
˺֪ʱͽֱ̫ҲǺ¡
ǵˣľ֮һ֣޶ڶûʶԿνҪɻŮʲôɡ
ǿź޶ҧһںûٳˣӱϴɾţҪŮϷŪûź֦ɻ촺ͬһĻ
޶˴ûϸǹôĶҪټһεģҲһΪҪ
*****
ĪƲֹҪ飬ÿ춼̶ʱȥʱҲԱָһ
磬Ѹ硣ĪĬţнӦľУһ㣬⽣֮ѸֻɲǼ䣬ڿлĲӰԲ׽
ֱ
ĲڿޣĪ¶Цʦ𣡡
˰ľ˵ҪָһĪȻǿĵģĵݰڽĦΡ
棬޴ǵã˵ԽʱĪƻ²ʣʦ޽ʦĽ˭Щ
ɡԥһ˲κĪƵ档
ɵģǲ𣿣ǲܶ𣡣
ĪƾӹıŰľȥӣ˵˽ѧĽȷʵ٣ǣÿʵʱ򣬶ĺ𣿣
ʦʦǲǱ֮ǰн
š
ʹ˼
֡

ֱһÿһĪſ죬ݣƵʲôʱܴù㰡
һ𣺡ʦա
ҪŰɡĪǳƿۡ
𣿡ݿĪʯء
ͦġʵĪּľ
ò˵ĪȻ޷ͦʹģ޽ʹ֣ſԪոһգҲܻݼˡ
ݿмοƽ輫ߣǰܵķҲЩɣ
ʦͽ˲ų¶ţңңɼԶɽ͵֣Ǻ񲻹վʲôλöƼɽ壬Īңңֻɽڲãؼ䣬ָָ̧ʣʦĶ
ɽ졣
ɽ죿Īеҡ
žΪϹ鿾ݽ
Ī˿⣬ĪƲס߶ž֣÷ԣȻľһܷɣ
Ҳɫһһ٣⣬ݸ
Īֻһ˵ĶԾ
ڵĽأҲĽء
ûܻ߳ġǽõ˵ġ
Ҫȥδ֪Ķ˵ġ
ˣôһ˵ҸȥˡĪ°˼
ƾ˿Ǹ⣬ţǰ׷ĽأڳеѲҲˣǷɽȥһֻӬҲûġ
ⲻ˸ȤĪֹ
ɱҾڼҪǳʲôӣʦֻͷ۵ġƾԵģ̲סпĪգȥǿϧˡ
Ҿۣ
ʦֻû㽲𣿾ʮһ°ټƼҽѧĻһȣֵϹˡƾ˱ơ
ʮ³յ˰ټҾ۵뺯ݣҲ˵ټҾǵϾٰĽѧһȣԵʿΪɴҲǷǳʽ˵Ľ۵ˡ
һЩСǼͷҲδõĵ뺯뺯ҲֻǸŵģ˺˵ŴܵԵһŰټҾ۵볡ƾ֤ҲǲɡⶼǼϾһôŴײȥ
˴ξ۵Ϲһ壬صҲɽϣ˵ţһҲ֮ˣһᣬǾǾݺϹס˼ԶҲЩֻΪߣҲǾ䵭⣬˼Զܴżֹ졣
ŭĽۣԾ˼Զϲ˽Ҳƾ֮ˮˡ
ɽѧһУΪϯҪȥģʣĸţ޵ΪԽǲÿǵģ˵ĳԻᰲš
Ƿ塭һϲŽѧҲǻƴǡ
ƷԵΪҲԵΪʣǿԶలʦ
ɢΪڵ壬ӦǿԵġ
Ӳ˼ȥʺЩҲһԵѧ˵Ȥˡ
ơ
ҽѧʦ㻹Ұɣɽɣѧɡ
öѡҲͰƷ˵Ϣȥκ˻ţƾһӡ
ⶨδ˭ȥΪã̫͵ĵȥҲеģһ㲻ȥߵģطˣ˵ǰЩڵ˯ˣõ˰ڵӰ˸۵
޽ʦҪˡæⶨ忪˵
޽ʦȥ˯ñطʦ廹ҡҡͷҽѧɬѶ֮޽ôֱˣ²ǽѧտʼ˯ȥ
޽ҪȥˣָŵİټҾҪˡ
忴顣
ˣһ˱һ˰աݳϾǵʢᣬҪһѷǵչȥ˵׼ǶԵ˵ĲƣˣӦ޷ġ
ټҾ۶ھĩʮ³շΪᣬ뺯Ҳ׼ǰִɽϸ°š

 33 


ĪҲһȥˣȥ治ȥѧģִɽĪƾžݸ׼Ĵռֻ;ɽˣεؿĪָۣ˿ƣΣգˤƿΪƬ̣УȻȥġ
õģʦ𣡡ĪƵͷպãĿ;һɽȥ
ɽ·ߣϹɽɽֱѶȷ˵ȥǲУϾϵĵؽ磬ɽҲǶҵء
˼ԶȻڹǰӭӣϡ
Լͬʺ
鿵˼ԶƽؿˣһһӹҲû˵Щʲô
ϵ໽ͻԪӤ󷽿һˣ˼ԶϹס֣ϾǸʿһá
޳ˣʿƵǵˣǧĴͳ˲²͸ô
˼ԶֻӭǣҲֻǴ棬ǽȥ
һߺ󲻾ãִִϹۣۼüĿ续䣬ʵǣ
˼ԶûʲôӦĵӾЩ궯ΪͬԣǱΪոʦֵܶޣû뵽仹׿֮ӡ
ջ뺯˼Զӣ˲ûｻ̸޼ഥʺ˼Զߴջָǲʱɫ˼ֱ仯ȤʵȤ
תͷջȥıӰݲ˸˾Ųʮһħޣ࣬ƫôصԵǿź룬࣬ԵҲ֪˭
۵ĵǵǰ˼ԶľٶҲոչȥò޵ˣ󵨵ĵӲʵʦ֣ո˭
ջ˼ԶɣһϹ۵׻⡭⡭ħޡ
찡ǸովȻ˸ħ޽ȥ
ġ˼ԶûӦ֪ڵΪʲôôȣɢֲϲȺӣʮֳʢĵ˵Ҳһǲħ޽Ӵġ
˼Զţǵôǰƶֽ磬ջħޣ뺯ͣʲôа
еаһаǶô˼Զɲס
Ҫ磬˵ջԵأʲӺɽţһѪأҲ֪˶ܳ˵аʱһˡ
ɽɲһôɫÿһ˺ɽġ˼ԶӭˣȤ˵ԸƵɽȥ
ټҾһڵ۾ٰ죬Ҳǵ˾Ӷ࣬Ҳγ˿ǰҶȥһʦүϰߡ
ݴǵִʱѾвˣһڵŰݣǵʿǴһ̸۵һЩǵҲչȥǽЩʲôʱЩʿ۵
һ˽ʱЩĵ𽥰ȥˣټҾ۵ĵʿɢޣһΪģǲ᲻ʶλĵ
˵ʢ⣬Ҳһ߳Ĭȷʵˡ
Եʵġ
ǵãǾݵһβμӰټҾ۵ʦȥݰݵʦүǵòһߵֻиҾˣκξݲȥݲȥ֣治ӡ
ӵʦҲֻγĿЦЦ澰ݵ㣬ʾǰ㡣
ҲҪ¯ϱˣһʱЩεĳԹ죬ʦʾ⾰Ȱ˵֪ж㻹ûңȫ
׳㹻ˣҪǵʱڳĶǵŸˣ˵׼Ҫϸܵʦүϲаͷ
ҲܳԼʦүܲһ£һʱΧҲͽֲʱϹ˽Χ
֮֮ûٸþݶʲô°ˣʱʦǲаģںž͵͵ԵΪԽŰ˰ԽĹ񣬽Խȫ𣬻˵Խ˸ը
֮žݽ۹ǺΣյһ¡
ݵҲֻ߸ҪаƾǣŲŵ֮ˣиҾɽˣκΣûݣΪʦܵ壬ҲֻܰЩһߵ
ȻˣʱҲ߲ˡ
˲׿ԣһԣ˶㾰ݵԺܸȤÿһζʵģκξݲ֪Լ֣Ҳûʲôĵط
ͻȻ˼ԶΧҲΧΪ˵
һ˲ֻûһ˼ԶĻǵ޲ŵҲ춨ǺȻҲƽϵ£ǵһȺ޵˵ֻⲻҴʲô
ÿ˵⻰ĵ˼Զˣ˱ˣ˵׼ñٻغϣ˼Զ磬ܷټҾڡ
֮Ҳû벻˼Զˡ
յϹ۾ͷôε£ҲôˣֻŴ⾰£Ϲ⾰ﲼмУ±һƬǳУȻǳ
Ͼľļ࣬Ʊ˪ݲ価ɽ㲻ϲĵؽ磬ҲԼɼɽҰд档
Сϱˡ˼ԶȻ鿵
ϵ鹰֣ûʲôˣҲͲôʽˡ
¡˼ԶһϮۣ˵Ҳһģ
һЦ𣺡Ҽɽľï֣
ϰֲȻȥ˼Զѧ˻ǫף˿󷽷ϣҪúҲϣˣü٣ವ
ʲôҪԸҹеȥǡվһ˼Զʵǲڣá
áӦ¡
˼ԶߣֱݽסʣϵԵβϲô
ǲϲǡ
ţ
ҵǿô˼Զѵóֹ֣ı飬˶ٲż˵Ƕ԰ɣ͸ҹ¹Ƶġ
˵򵥵㣬ǾȺоûš
˼Զ˵ʵֻ迴࣬ɰһ˿߰˰ˣϢɼܶˣڵİ׵ĺϵģΨû˭øƵġ
ֹۻġ
л󡣡ɫδ䣬˼ԶԷԣ˵ҲԺͣ˼Զ¸ߵӣϸǴơ
ۼԱŸո˿Ц˼ԶҲֻһۣתߡ
˼Զ˲׿ԣʶ˶֪оԼ;֪ˣ˵ǲ֪;̹ɼҲͽɷˡ
Ҳѹסˡ

 34 


ƾɽʿǳ۾۵ÿ췭ۣٿʦǣݱĿĴ峣ȥһеûţ
ɽãҶƽ֮ԼɽϪԶɽ뻭
˶йŰջɽΪ˰ټҾ۽ѧ֮£ԹҽּңŸ˽ѧָ׼ջ
⾭ۿЩӣջһɽס£ʱȥϹ۵ҪſҲҽ飬ҽһҽǼΪķ֧ѽ֢ڵҽﶼнġ
ϹռС¥ȴòߣѵСĽл·ĵʿĵطһᲽӣרעĶˡ
һŵĶЩž䣬Ҳ٣ȥ鼮ͽ֮һˣǸϸĵЩķ־˵ûסȥõġ
ͣ˶㣬ƾ߳ðǲҲܰѸܺǿԽߣ鼮ԽϸЩҽע
һҽȤ˵ⷽ沢츳һЩС֢ûġ˱ĵҽ־ţ˷Żԭλ˳ŵҽһܼЩȤ鿴룬̽ϲʱһҲһ顣
֣ȴǲذ˳Ŀʱŷǰ˼ĺջһʱֻؿջǻþ
ջҲڿ΢΢üͷְķһݡ
Ҫߡ
ߡ۽һ׽סջ䣬ݡգչӡ
ģڡ
ʱͷбʧǵģݲ˾䣺ôˡ
ʵЩίʦֶ֣ǵҡüֵۣ̲ס룬ǰѣǳ˶ٿĹҽһ֮λ
ݻصִţط񣬳˳ʱŻѪıֶ̫ƽЩþݻ᲻ѹĵף
ǸաһʱȻҲ֪Լýջݻء
ǵñ㲻ǵðɡ̾˿ɬ䴽ǣǵңǱ
ˣվǵ¡ΣʾԻȥϢˡ
ʵҪϵõһŵأ⺢ӣԼҲʮһ꣬ڵ۷ֺǵջˡ
ˣʱѵõϸ꣬Ǵ֦ͷ΢ɨϸ꣬ϪǼϸ
һΣŹյСϹӻ֣ס
һʦ𷣣˵ǿ̣ס۵˫ƫݻţ¡
ѯݻأѧЩʲô
۵ݻԥƬ̣Ӧѧҽѧˣβ
һʱȻʧЦ֪ļҩҽʦ壬ҲֻǸעʳţĪҪҩʳ
ǰ˵ģڵĻҲˣãҵһ졣
ѧˣҽһˣҩҪֵҽߣȥǵһʱĻƺʵˡ
ϸʹĵף˫ʱȥ
ƿֻۣһƬԭͣˡ
»ˮʮһµϸƵϺ꣬Ϲ۵Ӹַָ᷿̼Լδ飬ΪҲֻܼˡ
ջҲ̼ŵӾ£ĥһݻأƾΥૣǰǺһݻء
ջֹգݻأȴǰ֣ʱ׵ֹ׽֣䧴֮ҳɲǸְ
²֪ʱջձȻʧĹȥҲûʲô뷨Լ֪ǱʶУΪҪִݻء֡
ֲֹǸνϲǡ
лϡջָݣֹֻ˻ʾ¡
ɽĺջ̤ȷѪ߹ʮ֡
壬ʧʲô
*****
Īɽ¿˼̯ӣúãΪ飬ҲãνǺ
پʱĪƵļ̯ǰѾ˳ӣֻԼͽܹúòõľֹ̯ǰۼĪƼˣֱҪӱԡ
ӱҲˣһα߰ű˭סǾֱĪ֡
˾ЩΣʦͽĻУǾͱ˸ζˡ
ʵĺ곶䣬ʱһоڲС
׵ĻΣƫصǳͷڣǹ϶ֻģе»ɫǺʱƽⲻԾ˼֣΢ĴЩȡ
ϵ£Ӧ˫ߡ
ǺǣǻγЦ⣬Ĵûзֺƣ¶С
ԴЩңܽһͬȣҷ֪Һ쳾ޱ߷ɫ
վһ޶ϡ
ʦ𳢳ոյĲһģʪģ͸ЩڳǽʳСɰֿ
ݶ̲ס־ǱĪƼǿñֲ˷ѵľȫˡ
˵ĻҲǵ̯߲ŶǿӱŮ飬ԼԼ侰ֻԭιӶˡ
ʲôû
ҪǱ̯̯̯ˣݾĪӱĵϣ˷ʱĪƻʮֳϿҵظݽٶѧԵһһ
ݺܾڵĻȴ˺á
ɽĳûô䣬ʪŲʱɽ磬ǾͲǶഩ·ܽˣοﳣ߹ңʱڻů͵ĸо
ƾҲɽʱ;Ų裬Թ˸£ֳ徰˸Ĵָڵʦֶòɽ¶ܸ̯ϰֵˡ
ǰɽձĪ߰˸ľһ죬ƽô
ҳˣζ൱һԵģƾЦͣȻûܵĪƵͬȴԵΪ
ϾʱǲǸȥ庬ЩЦݵ˱õĲ衣
ɡƾ֪ʦ˵仰ʱĵĳء
ˣ˵Ϲ۵úܣҪпȥһݣƾŲ裬ֻ˸⡣
һ٣ʦĪҪԣʦ޵Ŀ
˭˵ҪԵԸʲôҲеƾҿȥ˿ɶˡ
𣿡˼
ǿɲƾߺ˼ԶǼһ׿˵ġ
ҹݷеƻδרעżݡ
Ҳ֪һ˲ƴ룬Žݴһˣˣ֪һ˲ὣ˵ƣڵʱȥžӰͣЪ
ݿֶԵУ˶Ӱ첻˽㣬ܲ˵Ҳδ֪£˴˰࣬һ˼һأȥ֪ʱǸͷ
ĪԼþݲ£ָ˽ж˵˾һҪսһ˲Ľɵȥˡ
һָֻ֣˵ƻͨģǴס˵Ƥ

 35 


ݶ˫ʱ֪ĪƣֻĪҪˣˡ
ĪƼݱʶˣҲٹ˼ɵس徰ЦЦҾûнʦ̫ˣÿθʦҶоԭ̤
ûĪصĽ˹ȥʣôŵˣ
ʦˡĪƽ˽ϸϸһջشռ䡣
ôġݸʣȻĪƽϹ۽뺯ҹϹۿɲý
Īɫһһǽ
Ժɲ¡ݺЦҡҡͷֿĴǵ۵ޣ˼Զ²ҪһģԼЩԭǡ
ĪģɵӦţֿ⣬ʦһûϹأҪޣ
ҹ߲ѣգ࿴۴⣬޸Ĵȴǿŵģ˳ŴҲĪƲˡ
̫ˣù䡣Īҡͷ
ԾݶĪƵݣȻ˽¹ɽϣ̸Զɽڽҹǳɽδ𣬵ҲĪϰ˶ʪϾ˾̫䡣
£Īͣ˲ӣǩģһԾ㳶֧ǩ֦µذǩ￴š
ΣԵǩĪҪ֡
ҾͿǹһȥĪƻ˻ǩӣĵ˵ţ˵ű㿴˵һ֧ǩӣԾ쳾⣬˼޼
ɲǸǩĪһ֧ǩӣʱţԸ»վ
Ҳ̧ۿǳɫĵػҲһأĪƲԾ˱飺Ը»վ
־ʦҪ»öȥǡ
ƣỺĪ££Լ涯µķһЦؿݣʣдԸȥʵô
ǰɡҲ̫˽ʷÿǩͻԸ˻ǲٵģĳ顣
Īһ£ţҲдҪҪһѲˣʲôʲô
ĪǸжɣֹţſǩӾҪʼ֡
ĪҪ˲ԼûʣҲûʲôſ̵֣Ϊ޴ؿ۾ݣҲɲĪƾԵΡ
סĪ֣ɫָ⣬»ɫʣдʲô
Īֻһůʹļ䣬һʣҲֻɴۣɵɵ˾䣺ˡ
Ǳ̣Ц
ðĪҴ
Ǿͣ˼⣬ƽݰաݻţǩҲʴ֣˿ɫǳ±ȴǲԾ̶̰ľ֮С
ͬĪһǩӣ⾲Ĭ𣬻һǩӣ˴յýЩǳɫޱīɫҲڵһȥ
ǩĪҲˣžݻ᷿˵ţҲˣҲˣҾɽ
ûµ˼Ҫҹɽȥ
Ҫɽӱȥ
ٺٺ١ĪֻЦɫͽֻӱ𣿡
ӦĪſһľֹ
ϲ˵ˣӱҿԳʦˣȥҪҿɣĪ˵һ
ݷε̾˿Īƻӻֵȥȥɡ
ۼĪֵҰȥǺЦΣĪưԣҲԵģĪƸ˰ãø棬κΣκĪһԵܲ
ԱٹȺٽʳڣȥĶĪģĪƵĳҲǣ
֦ͷɽûǺɫӰݾţ־˼ãȻ쳾ǣĪЩǩʱ΢΢۽üȾϵϲ⣬Բ
쳾⣿޺쳾ֺԼ⣬αس˼ЩĪǩʱһδᣬҲֻԸĪ°ˡ
ԪӤ𣬱㲻֪ůǴм𣬾״ӣݣм˸ͬҲҸһ棬ݣηĮ
ʱңطʦǣ޽ʦܣصظݽţ齣ǰΪÿ죬պǲᣬԪӤ˾͵ûϡ
κξǣɾͽԪӤԲҲ֪ſͷĳʲô뷨
ߣ鵭ΪԹߣдܣң˶ࡣ
ǵڳƼ͵һ׵ľ۶գؾץٶҲ춨պҪߵ·
*****
ʵ֤˲̫ţȻǻⱨӦġ
ҹ˱ǽͷĪƣٷǽʱ˾סβ䵭ֺ˿ǺηСҹϹۣ
ʹʹʹ֣ͷƤ챻˵Īᣬаģ\
տƾ˲š
ҪץԶ㣬ĪƾһԼͷնˣץ̫ˣͺӵĪƿ治ǣڵģвУ
Ŷ֣ĪƸæվԶЩ߶ʱƼ۵ĳЦ
鿵ͽܣĪƣϳ
Ī濴˿ʿװٿһɷӦǸĹʿ˼Զ
ƾģ˼Զɫ䡣
ԼġĪɫƣЦ˸վͷָɫأ
˼ԶôĪƶƺֻʣԵҹϹۣ
ҡʦĪЩơ
鿵ͽ̳ôǽͽܣ
ˣҿԣʦĪɫһ䣬˼ߡ
Ҳա˼Զֹס⣬ʣɣ
ô֪Īһ㶡
ô֪鿵һ࣬㾹ڣ˼Զʡ
ôˡĪе顣
ʦҲ֮ͷˡ⻰˼˵򵥵ǣݶʮԪӤĪΪͽܣʮ˻ڡ
㾭Ծɣ˼Զɫһ䡣
θɡĪһû뵽ʿɾͿԾˡ
ֲẦ㣬ʲô˼Զ⻰˵ãûаŶȡ
㺦ôʦɻ⡣ĪǶƾΪʲô˵˼Զˡ
ָƽķӣαôĻ˼ԶһЦ
а취
ͨģħΪϾϽĹҲȥ˼Զ⻰ã緶
ǲ˵ϽȥôĪЩɻ󣬲˼ԶΪʲôҪ
Ҳ̣ǵƫ̸֮ƫϽʲôϵ˼ԶЦϽŵܿɶȥ㣬ڴӣ⣬˳Ц
㡭
鿵ΨһͽܣϯδĶ˼Զÿ˵һνĪɫһ֣ںǵ㵽ʲô˼
ֻ룬Ϊ˽⣬㾿ǻħΪ飬ͶݵϽأ
Ī˼ԶⷬʵǺйƻԣϧǸˡ
Īƿ˿ڣʿ֪֪
˼Զġ
Ӻ˵ķɡĪȭҪȷԼ򲻹ĺὣˡ
˼Զգı˫׵ķô
ˡĪƷ˸ۣ˵Ļһһһתʦģܱôһɽء
˼ԶһãЦĪȥıӰ૵ôѡء

 36 


Īƻôѡݲ֪ƾͦģ˵˸ԸԱ߷Ϲ۵ӶûסȲûŪ
ʲôԸ
˼Զͺ
ݸʱƾһ˴ֵĸ˼Զţ˼Զŷɫ൱ƽͺͺҲ֪ʦ÷űҿЩ
ϡ˼Զ˭ʦãƾɫһڣҪʦ֪˼Զռ˿ͷˣȸۡ
ȻˣСʦá˼Զ൱ҪƾԶӣƾˡ
Ҫ磬ͱҴȥ峯˼Զһϣڵʦдȣڴǡ
¡˼Զƾ˹ǣɹƾһɡ
Ը˲٣ʲôֵֹԸ˼ԶȻƾͷͺǵһ
⻹ã쿪εҲ١
һʮ˼ԶǻᵽΪԵ˽ǩģǡþ˺ɽԣǩģ˼ԶϲһѪҲû̫
Զˣ˼ԶüԶǩдʣҶҪȢ塭
˼ԶǹЦģġ
ⶼˣɽݰӶˣСء
ԵûƵߣ߶ţϵҽǩӣ
⣬Ǹ󰡡˼Զסֵļӡ
ֻҪܲܳɾˡԲ̫ˣǴСģ˼ԶҲû־⣬ǱȻǺ޲Ǯ˼ԶĿڵġ
˼ԶôҲǵеһмڸ˵ϴѾǸˣĳһﻹ
˲ʱ䵭˲٣ڵĪҪ쿪
ô쿪ˣüͷһ壬ҸŵԣϵԣҲô׼
˼ԶͷԣûаЦس˳ǣܺãһҵ֮˳ˡ
ӵŶӵĻڽᵤڸأҿҲϾҴ壬ʦʦ֣ԪӤ߸˼Զã⻰º͵ģҪٵôߣ£ͷôġ
Ա˼Զһϯ˵ƿԣø䲻ҿǺɽţ
˼Զɨԣòڵһˣ󡲻վӣǵԤԪӤҩķۼҵѪ״ӣʲôҾͲ˵ˣ۲ŵ£ͨʶľһ˻¼λὲʦأݡ
˼ԶãǸӵˣû潼λ˵ģˬ
㣡ô˵ңϹ۸ҵţࡣ
ʲô˼ԶһЦԶǿͣҸ㲻ҪǾͱҪˡ
˼Զû¹˭
˼Զԣ˵ͬΪʿķϣһ䣬ĪҪԲ֮˶˼Ѫֵ֮ġ
Ա߱߻ͷһ
ܺãֹռ֮˼Զֻ˵ӣޱѺɽɴӵŽѧ¼һȥ
˼ԶôƶûԭģǰհһǩˣϵԸɲͦεɫŹӡ
һִѣµĹģɫͷͬһɫɢµķɲǣһֱңʵߺԸ֮˶ˡ
Եϣ˼Զһֱ˿ٺÿҲܼͷƾΪ׷ɽ
ջɲǣͻȻˣʲôһԡ
*****
ϹۻԻȵĵڶʮ죬˻û
ƾּ
˵Ϲ۵ӲÿУƾ˻еƷʦŸëʰŶΪ˼
οݺ˽۵ǿգʱ룬ɽĪһȥ
ɿ˼Զɭɭı飬ٿʦȻЦᣬȴ۶дţġķ־ٹܾҪ᳡ˣƾʱͣǳʵشɽˡ
˾þδ飬ΪϹסֵ˼ԶɫҲÿúúõģҲ֪ϾƫƫǲϹ
ҲЩͲסʿȥ˼Զ˺ʱ飬˼Զֻ֣Ե
оһʿɽȥҶݳ氲һһŵϯûвͷ˽
ɽ䣬ƾҲʱֹٲҪˣϱĶûɱԣϲǼ
״ûά̫ãʮһʮϹۣټҾԴ˿̳ʿŴ£ѧʼǰЩӵģƾҲս˾СֹţʲôȥôҪĽ̳Ҳϴ¡
˼֮Ҳδ֪ΣȻûƾϹྵĴ㣬ƾƫͷֻǰ鶼ˣŲͱʦֶҲһؿ׽̳
˼Զȿ̨µ˲Լͬ˿˼Զ׽ôǣ˷ʱʷִܵһܽԻ͹ȥֱؽѧ
˼ԶϻϰߣʵĽѧڣǼ£ȿ˳ѧҲ;ԼĹΰҶʡʱõĲ֡
˼Զգ۵ĵڿǰλãҲ棬ΨƾӵתĲɡ
ټҾ۽գһʱƾɽĪƽ׼һڡ
һɽƾȤˣôˣ
嵹ôϣټҾ۽⼸첢ûôרע̲ס͵ڽջ
ûкջԼãԸ۵˲䣬Ϳ˲Զջ룬Ըʵֵ
ջרעʲôͶʮֵģǸ壬ĳȴصÿԳһ¹ڼӹŷ档
һټҾ۵ġ
һˣȽˣſڽ˳ԭ򣺡ҴӣϽӰ죬ȺηۻƣⱶŰؽ磬λѣҪ׼źá
¡
ϽǹĵؽǶ֣֮˷ʡ
֮߳һȺΪţ
ڴҪϸ֪λѡƲ˼֣嵱ˣ⵲ڵһߵľϾʿ
˵˾ɢǸ˼Զһӡ
ȻɢʿҲ½½ɽҲվߣݱ˺˼Զʱƾ߶߶˲ٻ
ͽܣипƾǲ˼ҴҴţӼӡ
ҲˣҿǼǵã˵ͽġ
ȷʵգǾųʦǿġƾ˵⻰Ǳ˳Ĭ
˿ƾƻʣǷޣ
ƾͷ
ˣҼ˼ԶڷһС裬СǲϹ߶߶˼ԶһķչЩôġ¶Ц
ƾţǱ𣿣

 37 


һԱĬԵ˼Զɫ䣬ϵôɣ˼Զ˼Զ˼Զ˼˭һĿȻô
⡭л˺⣬пվƾεòУ֪ЩһģҲûؾ
͵ɡǾݿֹһһٵġ
˹ְݱݾʹƾɽת磬ǰɽҲ˲٣չɽϣɽлůס
ƾQǰͷ·ɽǰ˼ҺɽϹժ˼ҹӵĪƲȽҪͶӣǲᷢµġ
¾ݿĪҲ飬žЦʮֻ죬˻õСӣţʦ𣬳Խ𣿡
ݴ΢䣬ܵãСЩͺá
ð͵Ӳҡ۷ƾĦȭơ
ⲻСʦࡣĪһֱСʦ֡
ƾ֣Ī˻ƾһֽӡ
ƾ̰ԣҲˣĪƾȻþݵĴռװԣ˳ﲻ̫ԣʦ㾹Ȼʦֶˣ

ôĪƵûĶԡ
֪Ĵ﷨ƾȻ˱ȻʦθôķȻ˵;͡
𣿡ĪЦŵģǲ﷨ļֵⷨһ챦ȥһᡣ
ƾҲֻ壬ûǰԼĽⶼŻһĪơ
ɽƧԸٳ۷Īֹ۲𣿡
ƾԽӡ
ҿԲʦġĪԴգһʦƫ޿ֵĳ档
ƾ˿Ƥģ붳·𣿺οҲû۷ٶȿ졣
ԭˡĪ
ҹִڣûĪϢĴ㣬ڵҹˣǿЩϢɡ
ΰټҾۣջģĵ׸һãתûʲô壬λλã˿͵λȴʱֱǿĴ

̯֣ԴռڳûС
֮һĳಢʮֳڣΪɫͬ򵥵Ľʡ붼ûУƫƷɳشʿע룬˵Ǿ޴ʿˡ
غ
ԾݽӹͱΪεļⳤһ֣һ̲Լµŵ
Ǽ˵壬ŵӦ
ʮһĩڵĺչηʱ򣬼ֱµӰʹţγҲʮͣˣڵĪƿֻĪÿֵأֶֿ顣
ںͱ˹أ˵Ϊͻƽ𵤺׼Ҳʮ˾ŵͣҪ𵤺ڣ޾ݣҲñڸ֮ġ
ƾֱŻȥˣҲ֪ǰܱܲų
ҲǵһգѩĪҲպһˣصظݽϸö
ҹ纮ů뵣̼𾲾ȼţĪԼţʦ
ţ߽ĪưǾǰǿ飬ⴢ﷨Ȼ˵ȻܴģҲ֪Ƿʲô棬ô²ؽ
ݽ壬ע˿ȥһ˲ǰСɽѰܲײˣԱ߶źҲԲͷȸʳģԭռݴ봢ռ챦类Īƽȥˡ
棬ͦϲġ
ʱĪ˸߲ҵ˵ţôǲǳ࣡͵ˣ
áݵһЦⴢռյĴﻷȷʵͦʺϴײ˵ġ
ĪֺǺջ壬ţʦڲչ˰ɣ
ˡӦ
ǵʱһɣ
á
ѩһƴ̣ȼһյ̻Ī²Űײˣ󺮣ҪӺԲڣǸصģĪƷռ䣬ײ˽ˡ
һ˫֣ܰѼʳߦƤҲӦֵģڷĪæòֺܲʱѻ𣬶ݣֻһһԲؿţûæ
ߦƤʲôι״棿Ҳ֪µôͻȻͷˣ㱻һۣҪĪһѣܰûϴİײ˺Ͱײ˸һҶͷϡ
ĪһȥľһԲĪƴǰ˷˿˼ҲմЩŴ׷ۣƽģƶ˼˼̻
ĪĨȥۣЦʦúţЩͺá
ǣſĪọ̈̄Ҳòϣ£治츳
ĪûԲڶҲǴЩԲӣںǻԲֺóԣҲûϾƾ̱չأܳĶˣҲ;ˡ
ѩ׷ϵĽӺԲðĪƷ֣˵ţ䡣
ѩ׷ꡣ˿㲻ĪƷŵĺǸպá
Ҫ̫ˣҲװ˶ׯҲױĪ룬ů֣͸⿴ȥѩ⣬ּңңɽبֿбѩʱ
ڽľÿһԼڵķӡ
Щ֣ջɽر·ϰ׼˸ʦܡ
ջʦܣ滪绹ǡȡ֮ϾǱͦȱҽʦģ֮Ҳˢӣ˵ʦֿЩ顣
顪Ķ顪滪
Ǹ飬顣֮͸滪籾ʡ
Ŷ滪Щʧ
ĵе˰ڻûָָ֮˼ǱʦɽͶʦֵģʦ˺ݻҪͶɹԼҸطӰɡ
ʦûʲôʦһÿݶǸˡ
ǻ֮һݶɶҲʦⲻҪȥͲ
ջˣ֮ŷʦ֣ǹˡ
ӭִȾ˸Ժ䣬ջ˸ΣУبŲĻ谵ӣڴݲĺӰˮˮߣŵģջƫһš
ջδˮУʮһյҲδֹ֮飬Ψ޵Ĺ¶ûҰ֮ջҲľˣ֮ľҲûôҪԣһ
ֵܹĮЩֹǰļ׷ʦϲǮȨνɫ޹أ˵ʲôִëˡ

 38 


ջִתʱ죬ְ̧סʹؿڣϾŵˣջΪ£¶һֵĶ˵׼Ǳ졣
ȻѣҲû˯⡣
ջŶʱһϮ±ڣԺڵĹӰҲúܣֲǽߵİܽ类˪ջջߣ滪ǿµģԻݲջϣⶫҩû˰ɣ
ҹƫ䣬ҹıҲװȥջԣʱѧĵ֣ˣհ׵٣øɸɾ
һֹģǧľεĳ̶ֳ˵ǧﲻǸʦȷʵѧڡ
ʱҩջĶԵͰٶ֮壬Ψ׭̵ĹҲܼϰ壬ǧϰ˽ӻӸջԹۣջӲԹֻͷȥ
ǧΪͽǨŭջջΪջ֢ѯʣǧֻۿջ⣺˼֢пյ㷭Ҿεķӣ
˵Ҳǵѣӵһҽ飬м˿һȫݣƫջӱûǧķϸĽѧѧҲٿڶʱ
ջ߲ʱǧȰ棬ջǸѧͽ£δ̫ЩǧֻЦҪˣǲãҲΪ
ջȨҹݵѰƲ֢ηӣٶֲĵطҲ󷽷ȥǧȰκˣǧ￴
ȻʮһصļҲϲ¡
ǧйɽҲǧɽһ磬˸ɽҽʦ£Ҳǰһ˵ӣɽͯƴʶнޱ߹¶ջʱѣû¹
ջºֱǧ۲һʱͯջͫɫŵֱޣǧﱾҲ˳ջ˫ͫ˫ۺȥԽⷢӷջ
Ժ󣬹ҽǧ߶˸ϹѧͽջֻǶԼòª֮¸֪ԭǿŵСҹ޵ģҲѹҪ˫ۡ
зӵֹڶ£ջһļѱѧҽһʱѧӣãȻ᲻÷¡
˳ֹټ˶ãΪȥɴټֳֹǰڲüŭۼԵĲջ
Һķ˲Ϲӵģֹŭ⡣
ǧﶶɪɪû˵ջҲֹЦ˭˵ǰɣ
δζؿǧǧҲֻӲͷƤӦ⣬˫ʵ̫ЩҲԲų²߰
֪²Ϊֹʡ
⣬ҲⰡǧᣬٹջŪƽ𣿿ô˫ôѰˡ
ֹжȣǧŵòᣬתջأΪβ
󡣡ջӦţ޷ֺ⡣
󣿡ֹЦΪġ
Ժջܹ䣬ǧҲ˲СϾֹˣϲŭ޳粻˵׼һ鲻ǧûˣջ·
ջʦգҹ磬ѪѪȣ⾪է𣬽Ź⣬Ҳջһƽ˵˼дʣҪټˣʦ𡣡
ջһνǧʦҲһΡ
ǵصĴټҲΪջϴˢµһ·ջ߱ʦ֮ȵҲ֪㲻̡
СԺ˪䣬Ժ˷ɣҲӦˡ
ѩʱϯľ˼ԶɽԶʱڣѰ˼ҿɲǺ°
ʮ󲻾ãˣʮĽ𵤺ڣνǰ;
֮˿콫ż̤ƣΪʱлֻͣȹ̾硣
ݴĪʱ鶼©Ҳ¶ЩЦסЦϲʦ𵤺ڡ
Ц
ǽ𵤺ˣӤҲԶˣϸŵġѯƵĿ塣
廹ûǵôԶ⣬ݸˣҲ͸Ӧˣʦֵġ
ٹ㣬ǰԪӤǾǵ롣˵ÿģм϶˼Ц⣬Ҫ㱾ЩģΪŸУʦ㱾Ÿ֮ˣȡ֮һֲĹżãԸ˼Ѳ٣֮һȡ֮һ֣ĻϣĻյ
á
ǾͽĻգĻաݷ飬Ծʺϵúܣȡ˺þãҲ֪˶飬ŶĻն֣ͬȻˡ
ʦǿǿĪԹ£ȫ̶ʦһ˵ʦȫ̾ͣţȡá
ͷЦⲻȥ֣ǳҲ˼ЦҲϸȡ
𣿡ĪգգֶۣԪӤԺеģԼȡҲǳȡ
羰ݵ鿣Ȫ˸ȡģ֮ıԼȡġ
ԪӤ̫ԶˡĪƹϳɵҡҡͷ
һġ
ʦ˵Ϲǹϵ˵ҵľϽнķӣ֮ǰ˵šĪƴԸٺһЦ
Ͻһ

û뵽嶼ûߣĪˣСţǲ˵ˡ
޷ˡݻ񣬶Щ⣬ҽķӡ
ԭˡ
һ£پͻءȥ
ŵĪͷʣʦ壬ʦǸȥ
ա
ʦҲҪȥģĪƱʾ𾪣֪ǵؾͷΡ
ȥǺ𣿡󳣿һЦ¸ĪƵ˱裬ʱڣôãˮܱȶȣǲ
ðɡĪŲ豭ˮֹţʦÿ찡ؾʱҽ޻˵˱Դ
˼Դ˵ģ⣬ʱûԴ⣬ȹһǾһϴ
ѽʦǻר˸ҽ޸ͨôĪҰҰ죬ˮе̡
ѭľΪˮԼ˼ǣ˼·Ȼҽ˭
աաĪŬ롣
ջ嵹ˡ
ԣĪƱʾ϶
ߣһʱԣѭľΪˮ˼Դʲôͨ磬ת˰ˡ
ջǽתȹ̱Դˡ
ϲջﳣʱȴôЩɣ˿˿ƳɣƳ۵ᡣ
ǵңңһƳⴥʱջָ΢Ҳǵøʱݻѣ顣
ʦôˣ𣿡̫ãĪһ˼
û£ǵȵʦְɣӦϾ͵ˡ񣬡˵˵㾭ô°ɡ
ǣ쾭顣

 39 


ݻʱĪŴеĻűڿ˲Լ̧ͬۡ
׼ȥϽһˡݿ˿ڣȽԺҲһɡ
áӦ¡
ô˵𣿡ĪƲ⡣
ڱ߽ͨķ׵Ǻ׳µġϽ־ݽһΪ˽Ͻϰ׵˽⣬ٺ͹˷ͻĸʡ
ʦֶڸŬģǴתߡ

˼壬󿼣ȥĴĪƲˣܲˡ
ľ־ķ־־͡ĪЩĿ;ǰһڣһߵƾŹ߶ڵͳһſˣѾѺͶˣҪһ𿼵ĵӻģš
Сʦ㻹ꣿĪƲš
⡭ⲻһƾͼ⣬ͨʶĿȸûñȣ
ʲô˼
㿴Ʒ壬ҽ޺ͷ˫ϲ԰ɣұȽ˽͸㽲崺ˡƾһЦǴһùֻ顣
㿴ǷޣǲΪֻҪửþͺˣƾתתбʣʵȻַѧһֻûѧ꣬̽һȫüסÿһַĹʽֽɰȫöԣעһֽϡ
ĪĿɿڴּƾ˸еı飬ʦҪѧǰľ֣Բ㶼Ҫ󡣡
ĪƷڱʾԼ
˵ҽޣڲʮŲ㣬ҽռһ룬Ŀɽ̽ռһ롣

԰ɣҽ޵٣ÿ괺˵ĵӣҽռһ롣
ҲѧҽĪؿڡ
ƾڵɢ޶࣬ѧĶҲЩʦϲøƽȥ黹
ǷطʦģƾĴָǷΪɣǺҪģұʱҲвأһѺϣʲôҲ˵Ҳ
Խ޽ɼޣţеǰĵҪѧ㿴޶ʦǵֻûдҪɾˡ
Īƾƾ˵еŷ缫ãƾ֪̽һƽнΡ
塭Сţƾ㡮ϲش
ٵĶ԰ɡƾЦ
ԡĪƵͷ
ٲҪѧĶ٣Ҫѧοʦ֪ľͺáƾЦƣ仰ˣĪġ
οʦ壿Īɫһףǰɣ˶һˣĴôϣ
Ҫǹ˻
Ҫ궼˾š
ĪƾԼˣ˵Ķˣˡ
󿼽Ĳ˺ܶ࣬ĪԼƣվܱ߲֪룬Ҫҵ鵽Щ֪
ƹһĳܣĪƼ˲ԶϤӰ
ۼɣЦü΢Ĵɫƫǳ˫۵ߣ֪֮ϡ
Īһ˵˾һϺõôƵģ˵ĻĪƼǲˣ˱һƻӿˣʱ壬ʱĻ˵ǡ
ʦ塣ĪƳ巽֣֮Цӿͣע߳Ҳֻʣ¡
ʦֶӦĵӼᣬһ߽ĪƣţҪʲô𣿲˵ʦҲҡ
ǸĪ룬һʱֿסˣãȫˡ
Ǵͨʶεô
ԣԡ
ˣĪ˿ЦСл壬ֻС¡
ĪƱʦõĸжУֻϧݸжûά̫á
ȳĪƻûܱסԼľ֮飬ô飬ô㣬徹Ȼô̵ʱ޲ظ飬·żʱˡ
ӦţЩǼ鵥ҵ˶ˣȻҲͼˡ
ţʦ廹𣿡ĪƼʣյմ𰸣鵥١
Īƣ
жվǣˡ
ĪƱҲͷ飬ǷģĪƿҲû
ͬһУ顣
ϡʱ̧ۣų麣еĪƣǲԾŴµزɫȥ
Ī̧ͷʱѾȫˣյĶӣ¸档
µСкˣϴɾкñã׼棬棬ˣһСУٴĵһСôˡ
Īڵصʱݸպ÷飬һ̧۾ĪƵĴЦʦ棡
ݲ̫ԶҲԵ٣ⲻӰĪƵͶι飬;ǷҲûҪ˫ݣԼķݷ־ȳԾˡ
ڵ˾Ǳߵȥ׸ĵҨСȻɫĵҺ֮Щ
ĵϲˣóԵģʦ𳢳Īư׵ݵ˾ݴȥԹ˿ڡ
ǲӦĪôͶιģκĪĺϲͶʳ͹۲ȥĶı飬ҲĲڵڵģĪƸʲôͳһڡ
ͶʳĪܹԣôһЩЩڴЦ¶ԼС
ζ
Ȼ˵仰ĪƾЦ˳ǿŻɰ
ĪƳЦδʣҾ;ʦҲϲġ
û˵ϵȻҪҲҪעϢ
ʦģҾȥ˯Īƻ˻鱾ӣֳս˾Щ˵ţһŬʦʧġ
ѾĺܺˡݲĪƶǰŻЩϢ
Īư˺ü죬Ŵ̼Ĵˣ˸磬Լߦ˴ͱͣʽʵֲ壬ָ㡣
ĪһһǣţظϣʱѾвٵΣˣĪ˸λ£һ̧ۣٲʦ
˼࿼ʱһǺ£ܻȤתĽ
ûⰮą̃ϰģֱĪǰ˵߶ϡ
ʦ壬ܽ𣿡Īƾַʡ
Уķ־涨˽ʱģλʦֶٵȵȰաܾ
ǽֹĴҶģĪûôõԣ˲һЩѰˣѯ̨ʱõµĴ𸴣𼱣ˡ
ܽʱ䣬ֻʱˡ忴ɳ©ǽ˸Ц
ĵòеĪָˣһЦҲǶ弫ΪֿЦ
ЦҲЦһǳЦ
˵ڵʦֶǾǺƽܰ棬ݴɿٺͿⳡôôˡ
ٺͿԨʲô޳ص廹ûӳ˼ĪԼǴĪЦãܻ΢Цá
ĪջߣЦȥⳡױٴˣ̨ˡ
٣Сӣ
ôأ

 40 


ԽĪƻл㱳˿ãɫ磬ǴʱڵƣЩ꽫˼
Ͳҵͷ𡣡Ī˾䣬ţƵϡ
緹ʲôء컹ûůˡĪưڼȥ˸Ƿĳ극ͺúòÿһſζǸ쿼ģҲǸӦϢʱ䡣
ݽҪȵ£ڣȥϰʱ䣬ʱĪԼԼ档
֮ıƴǽ޹ϵ󣬵ΪִϣҪԴ²٣ص㶨Ƿ壬ĶСطʿǹս
СʦҲҪ𣿡Īʹƾ
ǷޣҽޣҲޡƾ΢Ц
ŶĪβ
Сӣô˶û𣿡
ûûأ彣ޣƷΪҽ޶沢ԽޣǷޣʿУɢޣûɣ
ûʮأоԼոбðƾʡ
СʦɱΪˣҶûȫأʮãó߸ͲˡĪ졣
ɼǺˣСʦǷޣáƾ˿ڹӡ
֪֪ˡĪƱȱƱʾԼ
ǣţֲʮõĪƷʡ
ҽޣҽ޷֧ƾ˽ͣ彣޵޸ֳƺҪΪͳһƺϸȥһ廹кö֧ġ
ڵĹ͵̿ûô򵥣ǧǰش
ˡĪƵͷƾһĬûῼ״
֮̸ʲôԣ̸ʵС
ΪڰµĴһΣĪƿǺһ飬ҡͷ̾˿Ҳ
Ŀȫ̵ľ飬ûĪƸͬ߹µ
Ī֮ذÿ鶼һ飬һԵŸһȥƾѵЩ飬Ū˿Ҫġ
һ뻹Ī֣ĿǰûиһĴ㣬ʵʵɡ
ĲԶ翼ǰ࣬Ī˳飬ɨܣɷϣڲֱǺѧߵļ֮ء
ƾ⿴ëأջʹŹǷ˵ˡ
˸ճ󣬾ͼɢЩƹӹʷȥ
һô͵ˣƾ۾˵ִ˸Ƿˣ£Ƿ壬޽ʦǴ
ԣ
ԣʦֶԡ
ҾȻȥ˯ƾս˻⡣
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һִǵˣӣȥŮ⻹мܳҲҪ뱾ȡ
޽ǷˣȻǽޣʦǷǷϯ˵򵥵㣬ǣȻ룬ǽ˴ȫøɡ
޽ûѱȥ壬ϾǾݣֲ£ĺУο޽ϾǸޣȥûûɣ
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޽ﲻԸϻЦģܣСŮңңʦ֡
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ʦãͬÿ޽һȭ
ɫɨңСͲеŮҵӡ
զˣң
Ǻ¡طֺǺǵشԲ
һɺĳ棬ңյ޽ȥţʦ֣˵ؽһˣпָָܲңһͦȻȻġ
һ˵ܾͼ㵸ģʦԭλ˻Ҫ޽𸴡
ңҪ֡Цһ
ʵãʦ֡޽档
𣿡ң۾һʦͽ
ٺ˵Ϊ㡣ЩһѪŮмҵˣ뵱ݽڣ
⡭Ҳ֪
޽մ꣬ط˾ͽ˻ʦֶͽСֶŮҲݲ˰
⡭
ʿɲԵӡطң˻
ƾɶңţԼһ쭷¿ǸĲˡ
ⶼоġطȥ
Ҳ̾˿ǰǿǸ֮ͬʱĿܣô˵С
ܲ˵㡣ϲµң΢Ц
˷ˣҲǧǰɽţڶɽٻʱΪͽܣپУħԴ˱㶨˹أߣԵӡ޲ϧҲǴӺ˷ѳɽɺʵ޽ڶڴӶʢһʱһ·ǳϱˡ
ͣǰɣң̯̯֡
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ͬԵӾͲ÷ˣң˸⡣
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ңЦĪһģţ鿵һŮӲʲôģеӱȽΣա
һСĪ䲻˸磬ӣֱŪ磬õǱȫˣĪʮʹϧȥϴ֣ţ˭ôң
Īеûµ״̬άֵңһ·ڣһھͷңָͺĪƣ
ĪҲ룬תͷܡ
ܰ㣡ĸϻҲңԶ
֮ǲҳˣ岻ʲô˶ܽģŶңͦõġ
ƾʱĪŶӲסૣҴˣĴˡ
ǸأǷ˷ծҳȥƾ档
ķծǳϴġĪĶӣܳĺܳҪ֪ңôǣҲô׵Ļƭ˵ĺ𣿣
ȿɾպ󰡣ʱǲȥҲȥġƾĪưõĶʦ鶼ˣȿ쿪ʼҲá
ʦôĪ˼
ҹ䣬и͵͵Ӱȥ۽Ƽˣûˣ˵ӰһֱڵΡ
ӹȥˣӰ˻ȥҲûදˡ
̧̧֣޷ԿһֱڻƵĺ˶һһƫͷʦ𣡡
ĪƻǸʳУгŴĺ춹£ĪƱ紵ЩҲżЦ⣬ɢβɫţһѻڣĵĪ׾˼֣Ҳ˼ֳȡ
ôԹˣ˸СʺĪ£бʣĪơ
ĪƿʳУСװź춹˵ţѽһ˶ġ

 41 


ĪưЦüۼЦҲûȥ˵ţʦ쳢춹ģҲǺ𡣡
ɨֿ࣬ĪƣʣԵʲô
ĪƱ˸ƣأԡ
ݴǲԾӦţͦá
ˣʦ𣬽ɣĪƻ䣬Ͷ˴ӣ˫ֱűӣ°͵ޱϣдڴ
Цһ٣Īƣʣˣ
ûУûУĪƹҡͷӵĶֽ˼֣ǲܳʲôµģң죬ǹܲסġ
ָңķ֣ڶˢˢʦøжȣþңЩȴϡ
ʲôºڣ
ʦôɵͽµ㣡Ī˵ŶҪ̲סԼĴָˣôôõͽܣϵµóʦ飬Ĳңžݺһɤȣġ
ҹ캮ݲĪƺҡͷʱǰɢҵķ˾䣺ſԣô
䰡ƤģáûܾĪƹȥ̱ӡ
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ҲģĪȥܵҵһ̨īǲģϹġ
ҹɫ콥ĪԼϱӣԾɾǿشھԣֱƤܣͷһ᳹˯ȥˡ
Ī˸ľһҲ˼һīݷ˱ʣֿۻˣĪǣʮ־׼Դϥϣô˯Ҳ᲻
ĪƵ˯ֹܴɣ۽ƫܣͦ˵Ĵ֮˺켸֣۱ۣʮɫ
ĪƽȺ䣬ƫ۽޲˲ָ̧Ī۽ѹѹоԼͽܽëַͦĪɵԭȴĵȥ˯
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ⶼˣؽأƾһ޶ʦֲǳ谮ͽȥص
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һˮôͦġ
٣ҡңĨ˰ϵĲˮӲǺ£кýģҸ㽲
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ĪæǸԲԲ𣬸ոռˡ
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⡭ңҪ˵ĪƷüŪۣûס˾䣺
ԶԡĪæͷ䣬ʦǻȥɣˡ
Զ׼Ĺôš
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ңͻȻĪΪʲôϲˣҪôֳúÿԼ˵ʲôŵʦҲϲ
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־ãͦġң̾˿
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ңǴʱĪƺú˵˵ŵĪƣ±Q಻Զǻǰеľݡ
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𣿡˼صߣǻǲҪ˵ˣŵĲܡ
ȽķᣬҲĺʱ򣬲Ƕķ廨ţطǿֱǷҪôǧƪһɵĵ͵ȷҪôǵӲʵС
ңǸǱһ£ʲôĴңǺõƲϷƷɴûܽӢڶľȥ
һ֣ʹˣҲ͸طһί˶ϲرϲеǻġ
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ڶÿɺأǲ֪ǧǮжڡ˻ⷽ˽Ҫط˶Щ
ǧǸʦаģ˵ɣΪ˶׬ǮרͶħޣ˵аɣֶǮûκȤڶҲûķȥ
֮ǧ˵磬ͬΪߣط޼Ͽǧʵġ

 42 


Ҫʱ䣬Ȳڶ࣬Ǻʱط˺öһλĵƷΪδȿס
궨¿ףĵӲûУҲûĵ¡
Īƺƾﵽ·صʱһѵӾһˣϷĿϷͼܵܣǳòɿһˡ
ССĵӣôó˵ȱף
ûУǾԼģΧȺеࡣ
ԭһ˶һ˵ĳ档
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Ϊмλġ˽ӻ
ƾһ죬漴ƽ͵ûˡ
ûˣĪе¡
ļҺͺɽļ˶˹ڣɽɵ˲²Ź֡ƾ˽͡

ǣʧŮ֮ʹͶʦ֮ءƾֽ˾䣬żϷ
ļСһȻǳɽһȺģοļûѾãʲôĴɵӶϡ
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¹ùܡƾػ˻֣ʱõҲˡ
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һὣɫȻûʲôȴڳӶ
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֮أǶС֮ҪҲҳɽųɫ࣬Ҳ伫
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ȻǱݱ̫
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⡭ҶˡңһĬ̧ʱǸжۼҲ֪ԲʲôֵֹĶ
˵㲻ӱԼģֵܣҲһǵģ鿵ҲģԼ
ĪסˣţԼҲңϲԼԲֵֹĶ˽ˣ˵ɶţ϶
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ˣܵôҼϸһ滪磬󻹸
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أʡ
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˻Ҳˣ滪һ죬Ǹиǰʳ׷ֺĶѳԣģ˸
ддҩʲôĻû⣬³ܺҺ÷صء
ջʱ鷿ǵ֮ǧչһ飬ƫ޳ݵָűʣƴδɿ
Ҳû̧ۡ
ջһվŵȥˡ
Ҫ˵ջǱһǻûһļޣ˲ĿԱʲôΪôæ˻ܲ©Ҳջõˡ
ۼջ޲ȴֽϻ˻Ȼã׼дֻôʴˣջһĿʮлϸݹһ飬˭ҪƤӵ٣ǲܵģϾˣǿ֢
ϵĴ֣ǱҪĵġ

 43 


ʱȥջ̧ۣˣ
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Ҳ棬Թ԰ѴȨֹԼҿˮذԼ˲ô滪޲
ߣֻֻ˵
ôģһһ˲ɣ滪һЦüչһڵģ˻Ҫſ֡
Ĺϵңʱ滪ãջȻһڡ
ֹֻΨҶ޼ɵ
滪ֻԻȵŬǲŬģǾͣɡ
ĵһʱʣīȾ
ջͤ£
ȥɽʣĬĬỽһݻء
ջͷһ˵ԼôˣһʼͲԾϲ˴ʱȴʶȥ»˺֪
꣬鿵һŵֵǧ𣬶ֻǸۣҲóΪ˺ȹ̱Դɡ
Ϲ۶ദʵҲֻ飬ڲԶĻůĪİ
µԸˣֻңңһƳԵ
ӡ䣬һյѣ޾ֵ̧ͷ˵ҽ壬۲壻ȡⳤ˻ʱ
ջ´μǵ𣿡
ǵջ֪Ҳĥ͸˶Ϊͣɹ壬ܼǵø塣
Ͼ䣬
һɴⰻȻſϸϸϺ춹ɢĹӳĵԲ
ŪרעƾʲôʱҲûע⣬ֱһᣬվſ˰εƾſڵƽۡ˼ᡢʦ֣ǸԼ˸׹ô
ûƾԱˣǾ޵ƽۣɫҲ̫˰ɣӨͨ͸ݹֿɼȻ⣬žͺѵˡ
帧׹滺üۣ˵ģҿЩ׹Щô
ôֱӸأ׹˸ʮʮƾһӣ֪˼Ƭ̣䣺á
ȵȣˣƾ֪ĸͷʦ춹ûó
崽΢䣬ͼ춹֣Ỻ춹⡣
춹˼ƾţһϲʦڴȶ𣿣ļҹҲУ
ķӦֻ츮ջ
ƾЦһʦ㲻Ǽɫɣ԰㿴Լ͹
Ƿɡ
ƾЦˣǿյʦôϲϲϲģҪҵҲҸʦͬѽ
ƫǰƫҪѰ
صأƾüͷһ塣
޾η֮¡ɫ䡣
ʦôû£ƾ˴ƫͷȥҪޡ
ʮһǰʦΪһ˱Ϊڷˣƫֽ˸ͬȥ
޽⿡ܼô벻ʦֵأ
Աƾļͷƽˣ˺춹׹ӣڵջֻǹҽǶˣʦúαǡ
ûƾջݻأֻƾʧ̬Լ濴һˡ
ҽǶôοͲˣƾûոûʲô߱ʦʲô͵ҽҵҽҽͳҽߣûĸû͵ѧġ
ҾǺˣ͹ˡһЦһ뵽ֻϲ²֪ǺʱҲ
ǡϲ𣿡ƾʵ̵ģҲôȷ
ˣô᲻ˡԼʦãһʱʧЦʦøⷽ治һ֣Χ˶ó˼Զ볣˲ͬƾֻ˼Զһǿܸ¡
ǣ㿪ľͺãһʦģƾ˵ĵ
ߣҲ޷
ʦٳӣСƾҡͷʦļ˲ҪٰʦһٴǵԪӤرԴˡ
ʦôǲȰءƾ֦̽ҶӣǻԿġ
һ޶˽ɻ˵ʱ緶Թ˵ģ岻ˣʮ޶˶Ҳ˵һ䷳ƾΪԼĵлݡ
ʦãҴϽڲпʱϵлݡ
Ŷãʲôʱѽ
ա
ô죿

ɽǰ޶ˣۼִԽĵ۴һ˿ҲҪɽȥ
ʦ֣ʦôһʡ
ʦȥˡ֪޶˸ûҲ˵˳û
ʦҪδȥûһ£޶ʦһ˼ģ˽ɽʲôģҪǱʦ˿ǻµġ
ˡ޶뻹ǴĻˣֳһ񣬡ʦܣǡ

 44 


ݺĪʱֻ޶ԶȥıӰݿ˾䣺޶ʦĶȥ
Ҳ֪Σ޶ʦãԽȻ˵Ҫˣ϶϶Ҫɻˣǰǲֵġ
ҲգҪгˣɡ
һԪӤԲзٶȣ軳ɣֻǣǿ˼Ī˵δ
Īƿһְͷ뿿žݲסʦʦͷΡ
˷ĪǰߣҲ˷Ǹ⣬ΪʦĴû˼ܲ㼲С
һϴĪƸίˣԴֱݼϿţҲˡͷΣۻ
ãȲߣҸطϢϢĪƵļ磬ôغ
ֻЦʦͽ
ٽӣȥĪƴĽϳǣֱӰ˸СԺĪǸҪõĶ࣬ҰҲ
˵ĪƳųṦˮֻΪƼ˼ܳԵ
ժĪĳ㣬ֱӣԶʦʦ岢վŲ֪ʲôˮӹտʣֱһȾһ
ĪСھݻͷʱ챻ǸɾҲЦˣʦ𣬳𣿡
ءݴ
ãϾӰٺࡣĪ˾
ȥֲ˲峺ˮ治֪Щʲôݵͷ
ԾỺ
ҪͱͻˮƵһˣľ׽ס伱һˣ
ĸԶЩĪ״ҪЩҲͣһˮ
ʲôĪĨ˰
ˡݵվ˲ɿ䣬·ʦֵǰûˮôôƮƮ
ΨԶģǵĺͽܣʦֶĪƱ˸͸
Ī˰ԼʪͷſǲǸг𣿴ԶܹΪһˮ
ƣû°ɣǶߣĪһǱһʱЩ̿Ȱοʦֶȥ·ɣ
ţȥ·ĪƵͷֿߵ˵ľݣʦû£ġ
ĪøģĪôֵرQȥ·Ҳˡ
Īƻ·ԺﶶԼɵͷҪ߸Ϻ÷羰һ̧۾ͼһϤŮӰܺЦСӣûмҵĳոգܳˡ
ԭùҲܽġĪĬĬߣݶλϴһˮȥλ
Īô𻰣ʮйؿڵʦ
ɢЦŵĴһ㶣ûĪôйˣָָĪƣҼסˡ
ɲʧԺС
ĪƵĺ˲Ϣôˣ
Ҹոգ񿴼ˡĪֹ
ʲôˣݿ˿Īưʪķ˸ɣͷʪ̫òá
ֺǴĪͷţôײĶɡ
±áҲûôϹл֧ɫӣڵȰͷһᡣ
ʦɣĪãͷǶգӰʦԺûˡ
áָ£ĪƳܵķˮ׼ʵҲôͽ룬Ҳֻˡ
ķʽڵӳʽ֮ĪƽɴĸβҪŵö࣬ӻƽһʡ
ˡݵĪæվžݵʦҽӰٺࡣ
šӦ
ȥӰɣˮ͵ϮҡĪ˵ϡ
ȴǴһ䣬漴á
ԼյͽܣɵҲóš
ĪϽ˰ٺϣپĪݰٺϰӣΪʲôæĳξóۺĪƾͽֹĶˡ
ӣĪưŰһ֣һõӴǰʦ𳢳ζҲġ
ȾݹԹԳˣĪּԼİӹˣǺ˺öĽСϴݺ׼ࡣ
ݲɿڣżҩţӰٺ嵭̲պúʡ
һ᲻̫ˣĪţ˸ûעߵľݡ
ôˣݻˣɽ£Īһһ£ĪĺܺóԣҲסһԳôడ
Щ⣬ҪЩȾͺá
ĪС߰ӣͲˣһԪӤһ𵤣˦һˮǸˮ
˵˵ͣʱĪڳԣ;ݾͷ˿꣬Īһǳһ˷ǰʣû
ֽĨĨ쿪ڵˣʦʦ壬߰ɣ
ŵס𣿡
ǾûġĪգգۣ·ˣͷϿ˭
Ī˵û⣬һ·ûˣ˵ִϽԵʱһ⣬类˾İŽ˽硣
֮˺ܾãǲżű߷ֺ˶˼ݣű˷˽ȥ˵ռϽĹ㣬ҪȥҪٿա
ڽֹСĹô˵ġ
лѡ˵ͷ岻ôҲŹϰˡ
ϽƵòĪĵطͬ㲻øߵɽ͵֣һȥİ㻨Ӻ٣Ҳïߴдеۿɼ
Ǳ߷֮˸壬˵߶Ѱǰկ·һһ£˼
ɻĶ࣬ϽȺ˵ҪǹĹء
ǵ˴´࣬òǷѹˡ
Īûᣬϣ˸ԽĲߣǹ˸ģζƫ𣬲¡
죬Ǵ࣬СҥƣĪָ̧̯͸󿪵ָ϶©Ǹʵĺ
Ī֣Զɽï֣չᣬҲᣬ̫ůڵţĪҲЩ˯⣬Ծ©˿ЦϽá
Īɹ̫ɹɹ˯ˣָ·ǰУһȻյĹ⾰
һ򲻴ˣʦִп׼̸Ψ;
ȻƾˡݵߣΪ޽һһ˺˶ڿҪյͽ໹ǻٲҪɡ
ͽһ͹ġ
˴գɽĪֻ³ʼˡ

 45 


ɽµźʵ˰ƺ˵ĪƸǰͷ·Qûɽ·һҲõߴĪƸؼ˸ӣӲݹľ
ⲦŲţ˰С
ʲôĪһǺڰ׺һŵë޶ЩӺôںڰװ׵һţױ𣿺Ҳԡ
СССһţë޵ģӲûҶôôɰĪϱȥûֶ
ӦⵡסĪƶСһﵽǰױĲ룬Ͻ֡
Ͻе𣿺ÿɰĪһ֣һֻ־ܰСˣСëޣɰ
ȵȡۼĪֱӰˣ嶼ûüͣ
ĪƵǶʦ㿴ɰ𣿣
㡣ݴ΢䡣
ˣĪüͷһ壬漴չԣڿһɰ
ĪƵЦûάֶãһ˲Сܵˣȥó
⵺ܳġ岹˸ոû˵Ļ
ҡĪ̯⵵һ졣
ݵߣǲĪƿЦάһĪƲҵ𣬿ǣûȥ
ϴ֡Īݲҵ
ľ
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ĪƵ߿Ųݽɹˤ˸࣬ܺãûƢˣֻţʲôù
Ǿݶȥذ˴Ӳ˳ĪƷȥϲ˸ˣɾˡ
𣿡ĪƳӣЩί
ġͷǸĪ˳ëɹˡ
һ·ûŹˣӣҪԼҵȥ
ߺ󲻾ãʮͻɽǺߵװΨΪ˰һ¼˾콵
԰п¼˾
ߺˡ
죬Ѱˡ
ˡջЦǣּ䱾ɽĺǾʧ
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ɽƣľԲԣûʲô󽭴ӣȪϪҲûϱôȣȥƫƧţǸþ
Ҳ֮ⲻͬŹ˵߶ҡ࣬ĪϪ߿ţɶ˷⣬Ϫ峺ףؾ˴⣬ԾģҲžˡ
ǣ˵˾ûռǣҲֻܵˡ
ݺ弫׽״̬Ŷԣ֮ظ˵ˣľʣĪһˣڣڲµĲҶպܰæȥ
Ī鿪ʳֺãȺǼΪ򵥵£ɲҪѧҲ죬ǰɣǣɲĹСе࣬ʱЩ˳˫ɶԶĪƶǲŲһãȻ
㶼λ𣿡ɲŮЦ
λʦ𣿡Īգգۣû
ɲŮЦŨˣǲúߵģϧóЩǰЩǲŰ˸ᣬҪЩǸպܸϡ
᣿Ī˷ֺ档
ѽʢװԸ裬Ϻ۵ģǾͳˡһɲĹ˽͡
Īͷû
˵˵ţͻ̸˱˴УһЦһǶۣĪƱɵֵı飬ȴǣˣһ䶼
Īĥ͸鰮ζƫҪԳĹ˸Сƣϲһ˵飬ͬ˲һġ
ǻ˵ЩģɽɽҰʱһɽ˵ĺȥ
û˾Ͳȥ𣿡Ī˲
ɽĹһЦûв׼ң˵ͻǼõ¡
һĪһ㶣ժ㲻㣿
⣬̫ʵˡͷͷһ죬ֻãСӳͦãԹӲ̫ʹ
ʮֵĪôֱ¶ϵĺͷͷֱǰĳضĪ˵˾䣺СĪҪôԽǻҲŵġ
Ҫʲôʦ͹ˡĪԼɵĲݸ㣬Լʱ·شȥ
ŴԶĪƾͼµľˡ
ʦ𣡡ĪƴһƵǶܣ˸ЦˣЦֿ۵׵ϲûأЦӵ۽üȥҲ߸¶Ļ
ֵܵЦݣپݲܡ
ĪƵļ磬ʣɻϰߣ
ͦõѽǶҶܺáĪЦ룬ҲԣĪӣô˲ϲء
Ͻļó࣬ʦİݰպáݸĪƵ˸ҡ
รáĪƵͷסƺ˵ľ䣬ʣʦ˵ϲһ˵ǲͬģҾðɣҳϲģϲ𣿡
Īһɵֵı飬Щ̲סĳ嶯ڻû֣𣺡ϲ
Ҳϲ㡣ĪЦݲ˾䣺׽֮ˣҶϲġ
ĪЦһ壬оҪĲش˵ĶζֻŴʾݣͲϲұϲ˶һ
ݵЦ
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һʱʧЦƫĪεӦˣãȽľ⣬Ψһͽܡ
ǣ

ĪƱʼãֻϧ˾ϣҪǽ£һֻһͽֺη
ȴ˾ĪжˣͦͻȻġ
˵·ʳ˵ˮ
ͬеĴʾҾ͸Сֵ˵һ£ˮȽⶾЧã֪ҧһڡ
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ҽҽȥˣæҵĴ룬Ҳֻȥλˡ
յϢʱҹϸ״ߣĪСԺƻָȥ·ĻߵôҼյԺͼһİĺɫӰ˳ȥβҹ¹ȡ
Ǻˣһţּ䳤ʣֱǺ˶ȥ
ջɱϮ˲Ϣǡǡܹҹ·ϸңһȻֱš
ջһˮɫ⸲ָϣٶܹһƻҡҷ䣬ջתơ
нԷҲã⸲ڽʱʳ˿ڣΪҵԺ䡣
Ǻ˲Ϊֱ˾һݣˡ
˽滥ãĪָЩһɨʱֻǺ˼ĵг˷۳Ҳ֮ѿǸƷײ͵ķ
ߺҲ¶˳޷Դķ绪ɢҼƷɫҲ˷ְףֻһ˲Ӧˡ
ˣȴ츮ջ˭
һнջΪڴˡ
ջ˿⣬ޱѪֻãݰֲϰɣÿμѪ˼Դϻά̬Ҫҵǲͽܻ

 46 


ƣɫһ䣬֪ջ˴ˣûȥжͽܡ
û£˭Ҷ鿵ͽܡջ˷ֳ⣬ûһƬƬߺͳ˷ĵӣתߡ
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Īɵ̱ˣæƫͷȥίͰͺ˾䣺ʦ𡭡
˵жˣΣЩңĪƵͷ²СôڴһվԵ޴
е顣Īܣʣոóô𣿡
ʶԼ˳ǰѸĪƽⶾջ˴˵ľе飬Ӧûʲô
ŶĪƻˣ۰Ͱ͵سžݣʦ䡣
ݸҴҴӣȥӴޱ
ʦͲˡĪЦЦ
ʦ㡣Īƴ£̽̽Īƶ֡
ʦҽ°ɣҳôû˺˯ءĪƲ˲侰ģж£Ҫɣжԭ򣬶ˡ
ҺûСһ٣Ī˵ʲôãֻǾãʦңҺܰġ
ǺáǰһҴ壬ڳãҲãӲϲ⻷ƣһһȥˣ֪ٻʱŶħˣֻʣûµĵյܲڵؽ
Ժ󣬳ӾģҪΪ屨ƫ·ʧ˽ύֿԴ˶ģ޽ڡݻ˵ţĪ˼˭
ʦųݴĪͷԣʦ䵭ִЩ˾ޱ䣬˲ܲġ
ǣħΪʲôҪ壿
Ϊ翵ĳǧչᪿɱˡݱ˱ۣųñӻħ޶ҲĲ
ȻôĪ̾˿
ǲ˵˯ˣЩΣ˽Ĺ̫ˣȥǰܣ˵Ĺ£Щΰ¼ĪŶζúܣҲ˸ЩĽ
áĪ̧ͷʦĹأ
ңûʲô£ƽ˳졣룬Լȷʵûʲôֵú˵ģ嵲߽һޣûþųʦ˻ˡ
ǣǣʦϵôãǴСһ𳤴ôĪƻ˻⡣
ҿС󡣡ݴ΢䡣
ŴСĪһ㶣Сʵʦڼ갡
ʮء
Īưˣֳ˳䣬ִٵŶŶ˯ɡ
˯ɹŵľ鲻Īرִ˵ƣʲôˣ
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ԪӤĽƣȻջܹʮ֮߰ˣµĶҲ㹻ܵջŰȼĵоȻѪַȥѪգһʱߡ
ԶҪѶԸö࣬ʢҲֻջ벻ͨĶôˣܼ񵽾ôĴߡ
ˣ겻ɣ
ջţֹţҲţοؼ䲢ǾһҪ޽綨壬Ǻϸóֹһħġ
겻ʮ಻а֮ԪӤԲɱȵϾ˫鿵
滪ؾѰرֹͻָտɴ
ջ˱ۣϺƾ֣ķֽɢУҽԣ²ҽרҲˡ
˵˾պֹǧƽڣԸһ˳￵
ʱĪѾܼˣҲǽġ
ǧƽڲô˹֪ʶЩԻڶĩˣ˵ȴڻڣ
˵йǧΪ˹ڣͬǧʢĪһһʮذԼ˵ˡ
ˣ崹û뵽ʲôùһ˵ĴڣָþǾͶˣ޽̬һǺ޲ǹԶԶģΪͬһӪ
˲Ϣʶν˼пջֲǺ壬ջϽһʱ˳Ĭ״̬
ɾݴˣǼ˾ͬһУ̧ͷͷģܻϡ
ջִôϲ
ջĺɫҼסȫòҲܣֻһ۾ϳ
ջþòһޱ߻ϲϲ۵ͣסʱӳ˴Ц⣬ȫȻͬƽȴƫžе΢Ц
̬ͬȥΨжԴϲ֮˲¶Ļϲ
ջͣ˲ӣƿһȥ壬ʣ£
ûûʲô룬㣬û𣿡ǰ粩ѧԵ壬ִٵ֮ˡ
пɡջǰ˵ϻˣϻ壬ܶ˵䡣
šúþͺáﻶϲزסٶ̧ۿջЩСĵţˣǧƽԼô
ûСջ˵ʵ
ǣһȥЦŨֵ߲ҿջʲô飬ͼͻ˵ţǸллؾҹ̻֮
á
ڵǧƽ𲽱ƽϻĪ˹壬׼Сϡ
յĪľãڵǡܣ
ӣĪʦ㿴һרŸԱ˲ء
Ŷֹ
СܣպýŵžĴֲһЦͦ񡣡
ʦ壡ӣĪһߡ
ԭӡĿڣȻǶŸܣֻĴ
ͨͨӲ³ܣĪɲžݣھǣʦӱϰɣ
ءͽܵľѡܾ
ʦ𣿡Ī˷ίҪþǲ֪˵ӻܵĺƷҰ˰ɡ
ǡһĪ˸Ҳ˼
վĪƵ⣬ôܻȥĪģ֣Ҳܾ·ϵĽڡ
ʦֶҪ룬ʦΪζΪ壬͹뷨ͬߴ˻ŪŲԸġٸݳ˸ڡ
𣿡Īһ֡
ԡԼ಻ɵľݹ¡
ʦҪúŶ⻹ҵһ嶫ءĪЦЦȻǺòõӡ
ġס
Īǧƽڵһֻӣβݱģ紵ҡ֣Ҳɰúܡ
ĪŹβͲݵĸˣ˵֪ϴӲ񣬿׼˺þõ͸ʦһֻӰɣ
áݿҡҰڵĹβӣԾߣӺܺãһεҲܺá

 47 


ǧƽʵǹԸɹ˾Ͻס񶼻Ĵͻںҹʱȼƣ赸˳
϶ûˣ˭ԸЩԸ˵˭Īʣֻزȱ֪£⴫ͳ˭Ը
ǲ˭һҲǶһڴǧƽڵʢΪ꿪ƪ˽ͣʱ˻ҪЩȥ֧ŵģһϣһ
ԭĪ˼
ĺɫҹȼĵһյ𽥵ǧɽ򴨣ǴӵڿտƽأʢĽǱΣɼϵЦжҡ
ĪҲõյƣǸģӡ
ΧǧƽڵΧż̨ΧһȦǵ߶ײ࣬ͯǵĻЦҹơ
Īյʱһ忪˿ڣʦֶһЩ£ҹǧƽڣչ˺ʦˡ
û⡣ĪһЦ;罻˵չû
û壬ֻż̨վĺ¼˾ǣϽк죬˾ΪĽգǴʵ¡
ֻǣ˾û
ʦ㿴õʲô̫ӣĪþĻҲֻѡ˵ô㡣
ƣݿĪеƣõĪƵĿ϶ԣƺô󣬸о˷һ͹ˡ
һ壬ӵ˳Ѱջټ˳һۼѵûݵջĺŮ˾ɴס
һ˲ţͨǰ׸ջж˸帣֦ΨһµĶҲǹ˶ףԸ
ջʵԶЩο֮ǰҪջһǰȥ
˿Ŀᶨջȥջ˾˵ʲôѹ˳Ȼע⵽˳е塣
˵ЩԵֵջվǵĹ˾ϸ֦͵ƣԼĸʳջûôܾ˵˾䣺𡣡
ջǴʱ壬ǵƻ貲۵Ǻӵ㣬׺ǳЦ
ƺ˽⣬˶֪ȣ֣֪µ˲һ֮ƫƫӴȫ֪
ջͼ˾˴ǣŲ壬վһȥǧƽڵҲЩ
Ϊʲô֪ջϲûй¶·˽֪ĵز
˵Ҵǰʶ㡣ͣ˲ӣͷȥڣ㻹ǸҲǹҽġ
˶٣ʱ򡣡
ʧǰջһʱԣԼյĹȥûʲô뷨ֻ˱ˣ˵׼Ǽ¡
ɽҹ˸Ǿʶ
Ҳǵ㡣ջһǣʿ𣿿ˣʲôаǷǡ
ɫһҰο㿪˿ڣʶͺá
ˣҿĵӺûʵĵ׹³çһҲһ⡭ЩԴǣƫƫһţ˵ҲֻЩоŵ׹ӣƫصʽõǶõӲ
ջĵ׹ӣһʱߣˡ
ʲô
ӡûгõѣƽõĶ򵥵ѣ˼֧ҲۣαݽҲǡ
ǣҸһ֧׹°գЩ֪ջ鵭Įɻ̲סҪЩٽЩ
һʱԣֱջȡö׹ӣѾͲˣ׹ˡ
ˣ岻ﴽǣҹ̻֮һ׹ӣһ֧ѻġ
ԣϣ֮ľЩջЩ
˵ˣһѶţ˳ؼȥҲ˲
ջ׽ס䣬ʶһȫȻûк˽ӴʱĲʸС
ⱻһԴջϣ̧ͷʱ˾Щˣܿջ۽ޣŨīɫһ̡
ջȴߣȼطվãǱΧΧһȦһյѱȼԴ˾Ϊ׵һȺ˴ӵԡ
ǲɽҰŨīزʵĺ죬ǧĹ壬ΪӭǧƼյ춼ΪǷ硣
̨ϳȴ⣬߹ǵҶ̨֮ϴ˾ŽţһϮ˾Σ̨ʱ˼֡
̨нػģżһ壬żȻ˽ڵ㣬֮ĹŮ˾裬Ļȣɼ䣬Ů̬
Ҷ̨µҲûŹϸҥΪ˼£ǧƼΪһĴ£Ǹο棬Ҳһз˳ַա
˾һ̨ʢװĹҲס˵ˣǲԼͬͣ˲ӣȼƣĬԸŽŷʡ
ǧյȼžڵĻޱߺڰ
ջţһĪҲ˵ƣ˸߲ȥŷɵƣţ
ŵƵľȴüһʹĳǰǸ߸̬o
뵽һ£ߣħϽأ룬ǲΪء
ԵǺ죿Ϲϲǳţ֮ϲø룬˺ҪճϵķΣֲϲصߣǨŭôǨŭ
ⷴ⣬Ҳ֪Ǵһ˾ʼģӳǨ߾ͿʼҲδ֪
ǧƼѾҹˣЩŴʳȫĪƵ˵˾𣚣Ѿڵǹȥˡ
ݵ⣬ûֱ˵¿ԽǲɣĬãôŽͨǽ֪ҪʲôҪõһҪЩ۵ġ
ǣ˾ϣʲôأֻҪܼ֮һᾡõġһָؿ֮ϵ˵ͷŹڸ˾һ
Ͻֻɣһֻ̾ˮ꣬ʳ֮߳Ǵ˾ɫһֱûʲôϸ¹۲ȥܷľ⣬ֻҪҾʹȥҪĶ
ҪģԽƾĶһֵԸꡣ
˲רŹ𣿡Īƹעڲͬ
ˡ˾ĪƣЦЦЩңɲַ֮ص
Ϊʲô𣿡ĪƲ⡣
ţܣӦǱһ;ȻҲĪƽͲ¡
ĪƵķʣ˾ЦŨЩڵ˵⻰ˮ̶̾꣬ǹˣҲ֪ΪΣҪԸһҪˮϵ֮ˣҶǵĸ롣
ˮֳɵģ͡ջĪ飬˽˵һ仰ԶĺˣҲԸΪ

 48 


Ͻ䲻ͣЪɽּ䶼Ⱦ˲ɫݼؾǧ֮⣬Ԩ̶ˮǧߣǳ겻Ķơ
Ұѱǡ
ĵƻҲѹִ˾ǴˮˣϾͨҲˮרˮ
Ϊ磬˾Ȼû˵룬Ӧڽ𵤺ԪӤ֮ģҪϣҲᰲ
Īӧȥջ£ջٲĪ˼죬òɽ϶ˡ
ź£һϮɫվڣûɡƫ겻֣ջĪͣ˲ӣۿĪƲ˲ǰ鷢¶Ǳ־ЦԸһ
Ȼջ˵ͷ˵ĻֱĪֺǺǵ˵Ȼȥ˴йջżԼ·
ԭļƻдרŴɱˣศоǲ룬ҲòŹЭˡ
ջ˷ңϸ΢翵ɽ֣Ͻ֪ķ֮أҲΪŨ֮أһ񼣣رƫڮ١
һգڮ˺ӱȥġ
ǵù˾ǲʣǷЩνȡʱǳĬµǧ갧
ų¼ŵȺΪǧչá
ĪðԺ䣬ϳʪҲܣݽȥԨ̽ȥˣʣһ˴⡣
꼾ֲǺܺöȴɽɾӵˣ඼ǴڼĪƲ˼ţְﲻʲôæһ˴Żͦĵġ
Īҡ壬ⶫ·ϼģҡģ滹ǲġ
ֱɡƿţ˵ţʦֶǹ֮Ķģ
ĪһӦ䣬˵·ϼ𣿡
ȥԭĪԼβҿֱݿڣȰͷɡ
ĪƹԹԵͷʣʦǲָ鷳ˣ
ᡣݲ޳֮⣬ĪƵϽȥˮж˼ҷ֮⣬طǺܹԵġ
ȷʵмҪ㡣̧ۣĪæŵؿһúŲʦʦ鷳ģ
ɽϵľӣԡĪƵķӦȻɫһ䣬С˵ɽϵľӿˡ
𲻴ӦݲĪƽĻᣬ³ľϽвʣÿʱôʹȺҪĪƸյˮжҪʳжǾû˾͵ˡ
ðɺðɡĪƵصͷڴŸԳأݾ͸·ˡ
õĪƵı֤ŷۼͣˣתһ⣺޽
УҾҿԣĪƽһ飬βһ˦ֳֻһν
ϰͺáһĪгʵĽֹ鸴ԭλȥĪһ£ʵʵ˽˵ھ£ʦһ£
˵ţͶ˸ͷʼС
һûԶһġĪӹĹĵģһСͷʵҲͦģʱضԵ
ݻŹԨƣҲûĪڸκΣûĪƵǺʹˡ
ʦˮˮüһûʼݣ͸һͷҭš
ݸĪƵ˱ˮݹȥʱֻĪ۳ЦȻͷû겻¶ݣˣҲĪâ財
ݾĪƴɲǳأ֮䡣
ĪƣˮͷҭºּͷΪЩЦıʵЩɵ
ĪٵǽüĿ࣬ǰɢ伸Ʒûסü֣ЦʱԽǿССĻҲûôɵˡ
ٶ˳֪ĪƵĳ࣬Ÿദʱ佥ĪƻԽԽͿˡ
ȳͷĪƲŲôˮҲ˰Ա㣬Īһſ
ôľ룬ݵͷɼĪ۽޲ȡ
ſϵ˱˱ۣɫɵòУʦʲôʱ
硣ݴһʱֳĬȥҲ֪ʲôʱͣԤǲɣԹĹأӦǲϲ״۸ġ
ÿǧƽںһǻĴ⡣
ĪƵͷ̲סʣʦ𣬵Ҿ޸ǲǾܺúˣ
ԡ
áĪ΢΢ЦЦͬղǼǳģЦƽôãһ˻һ콾ﻹǻѹģڣ˾ܵϣ
ȥʱջջָЩҩĸ˾˵Щʲôʱָһԣ׺޳ָϣһɰ
ʱջָϾź룬ʮȥС뾹ްĥִ̡
廹壬վԺԵջʹ˾¡
ʱջܸרעҩҩԺճܼĹӦŷ⣬ЦǳǳҪһȥҸպø㽲Ԩ֮¡
ջףһȥ¶ܽžǣԨǳĪ⣬Ǹ겻ļ֮ء
׵ء֮شջ˵赭д֮УƫƫŴݵĵŷ
һͬߵ˷ɢĵصջҲûߣĿջֻǰҪȸ鿵Լ
ʲôԼԺţһĪƿ۾ݣֿվһջ壬˾Ƕݵˡ
Լ¡ջֱӾݣһҪ
ɡ൭
ڶûҵˮ
ɡˮ˽⣬ԼջˮˮԵɡ
öջ䣬ݾʣԵΣ
ǰⲢܣⲻ͵ˣҲǴ˴󷨱ջһ仰Ͱˣ
ԨΪ֮أΪˮΪһˣв˹ԨϽˮ㵱˻Ρջ˹ƫоݡ
һĬȷʵֱܽӰѹԨƽҲǲܡ
ҴӦ㡣򴽣ʣǸܸʲôŵ
һỤͽʦܣն֮ò˻ĪƺͲһˣջ徳£˵ʵҲһΣοĿĵˮջ˵⻰Ͳˡ
øŵԻԼݹ˹֡
ջ򵥻񣬡ݣ

 49 


Ԩ֮²ֹв̶ȥĵҲ棬ֳƹһ죬ͨһֻݵһڣһ߹㲻Ԩīɫ
ˮ˳ʯ¹̶ˮµ·ʯӽߵͲƽ
ջյǰ棬󣬶Īƺ;ݣһʱĪƱ˵ԼģݲȻĪԼǰ档
һ죬Ҳû٣ǿ˲УĪ׽ž䣬ʲôҲû˵
Ԩ̫ˣȥŲֻʣˮµһ·ͷֻһ·ߵڡ
£Ī˶ŵ˿ݼһʦЩ
áûֵֻȼյĪ
ԱĪƣջ߸򾲣ջı־Ա˿ƽʲô𣬶ļҲƽúܣʱΧ
ĸֻĪǵһԨ
ĪԼ˴ʱջһ˲ŵ˹̶࣬һ̶÷̵ˮδˮѾº
̽ˣ˵طԲʮ̶ɲ⣬ֲδˮ¶֮ȥõյһСˮָâǳأǷ⣬ƫˮɢ
ľϵɢ֮ס
⡭Ҫ׽ҪȰˮŪɣĪƶƽˮ˼Ҫץˮǵ֮ĵһ
Ȳˮ״䣬ˮǱˮԱƳһͷ۵ģˮ߿Ǳ̽ˮҲĵ̶ǿ˽̽Ѱ֮ء
Уˮ׽ҲǾĽֻ취Ƴˮˡ
Ȳաջɫ䡣
ãҡݸĪƵ˼ŷʾɽãĬ˷һ๴
ץǰ׼Ȳ÷׽ʱӴܡ
ݲҲʲôصĴ󣬶һСصĿռ󷨡
ⷨЩѣȴֹڳˮˮУҲȷ޷طӴܣƳۡ
ݷһʱɽеӫӳĴһ˲ֹĺڰ
ջ̯֣ƬҶģջʱ·ֳƬҶҲ֪Ǵ
ֱ;ݶʱȻջǣҶѰϹʱ𣬱֮߱ˣһû䣬ֹĵķӣɻû
ջΪʲôõӣǣӱݴˣûµµġ
ʱˮѲʱƽ޴ˮ˷վλӿˮˣѵջɫδ䣬̬ɣ֮ʱȴǼټƸ߳
վջԶȴûܵİӰ죬ΪջԵĲǡ
УܵʵǴҶջעģͨҶӳܲס÷סҶԷ顣
ˮҲӿȣȴƫƫûҪˮļ󣬾ݳ齣նϼ˳̧ʾӲศ
õעУջҲЩסġ
һˮãջһ٣Ҳһ٣̶ˮӿҲһһҲ÷ջǱߵ״
ĪƵǿջɲǣһҩͳˣӦԴռȡĵҩµĶҲ죬ҲֻǶôһɲѸٻָ˽ࡣ
ʵջûʲôģĪܾãЩǴ
˵ʱѭ򽥽ھתۺˣһҶϴʱҲ˻ڳˮ档
̶ˮ˴ˮǲۣһ˻ſԿɲˮ˷ӿĪԼɼˮǴǵͷ­ζ
ֹʱ˲Լͬʲô԰ѻ֮ΪԪӤ֮ϡ
񷭹˦βɲڰϵЩʲôʱʹͷβظеʣ䵽棬½ϵ˴ֻǾ̶Щɾ˺ѷ֮ʹˡ
ʹòסʹˮļ
԰Ӹˮ棬һ˫ҰֱͫŰɫѵջ겻⣬Ϲ˫ۣܸоģоԼ˭
ɫȻؿԣһѾܾûгˣϽˮҲóģѱ
ջվֱӣʵϣû뵽ȻѾˣ޾ݣɱҲֻͲˡ
ˮоѪһţɽзɳʯʯˮ쫷ᣬݻĪƣ｣Ϯˮˮ
ջںǰЩվסˣƫǾĿȷúܣҪջķ
ֱһѵջüݷƣߡ
ҲҪ岻Ը齣նϾ˦βϮǵˮץջ䣬֣˵Ҳٷſģݻء
߻ҪŸԼ޸֮ĪƣջǶ˲ϮǵˮЩԹ˲Ͼ
ԪӤʿԪӤ˭ǿȻ壬ͨ飬ҲǿˣοԵģԡ
ѹѹĪķӿھΪʱԺЩ
ʦ𡭡Ī黽ȥǱߵ״ǻҪЩջںǰһĹĿ߳ջǷѹ
󷨴˾ԵĶǵĶҲͳٻЩէֽѸһֱָäۣٿ죬Ҳݵٶȡ
ɫѪ佦˻쳹ɽ
ҰͫȾѪʹˮһ漴Ǹҵķ˦βֱײɽڣҡضļƣ˺һԨͻᱻײ
˵ľԿ겻̬Ҳ˲٣һ˿ϢĻᣬҲǴ˸ս
αܿͻϮ
ջ鿪˷ټýҲ֪ʱʱķûɡ
Ե˻Ҫ˶ĤƣջʶὣֱӭԿڶȥҪƾһֻäۣ֮ὣžжϣԼ侹ʮĬع˾Բͬ
ŵľ£ϻƵĪƸС
ջû֣ܵǱȴԸƾβѪ˦һɽջҲ˦βķ˦ɽϡ
ջǰһڣ֪͸֧ùЩ˱ۣһַס磬ĬĬۼֻǱһƣ˵ˡ
֪ޱͻһƺݺݽȫشǾһβϯ֮Ҳ壬ۿ֮˱ˮУɲǼ䣬ջԿհһƬ

ʦ𣿣
ˡ

 50 


̶ˮڱǴŨϢУҰҲģһƬı̣ˮƽĹƺԼԽԽԶ䲻ϼصĽոиŻͬʱܡ
ûˮˮľУͬ׸ģʶУὣƿˮ򣬸Խǧ
ڵֶ˺䣬ƸΡ
Ҫ̲סԼϢŨأ룬롭
ҲܡòסòײٴμݻأôԸô
ڳϢǰϦץס֣ǳ⻷Ƽ䣬𽥻ػĺ
Ǽһ˫ۣʱֻʣãȻջҲ֪֪Ϊʲôˮôϣĵһ¡
ջɲǣЦſ޳սջ֣Ϊؽסˣݻء
һӵʮ꣬һǣʮꡣ
ˮʪ̡
ջһƫʶرûָ֣Ϻһ̣ͷȴ˺ʹҰڰǰﺬЦ
ջȥԺԾʧټݱĪһˣʧõľԮʱٿʱ̶ˮѾָķƽ˾
ްʯѪ֤µҲŸոһҴ򶷡
ʦʦ𡭡ĪƱ˾֣ǻǽţո˵ûˮġֲͨˮԣ
Īƿżˣۿһ죬ʦˮ£
Բ𡭡ĪñȾݸ죬˾䣬޴ҵĴʼͲϽġ
˫ܺЦ۲ˮĪƵͷίΣҡ
һ֪ոնĪ̫ЩֲȥĪۣЩҵĴΪʦ̫ˡ
ȥòáĪƺۿʦ𡭡Һ¡
ݶһ٣Ҳƿ˼ҿųʦܣոæģҲ
ǣȥĪЩڲԣ֮ʦҲðա
ִ䣬Ȼ̶ըݳ˿ȥȻüףºˣ˭ˮ
ǡոĪֹᣬɲűȾ̶ˮ
ǿʢݱ˱ۣҪǿʮֹôһʿеĶ
̶£ΧƵ˻ԣΪĵˮ޴籩ԭҫľԱˮ·籩˺һ̯ĩ
ˮ֮ʮ֮⣬ŮĿô£ƿ磬һǧԡ
ϣϹoϢʹͣȻԶѹӰ졣
Ϲ񣿡ŮӿԶ˼ǿˮϵĪϹˮˮ
漴ֱҷˣôܣССôܲдϹϢ
ˣ˽磬վҪ̫ƽɡŮһԴͷת˲ʧԭء
ԵջָϺһӡۣԴԴɢԴڴˣ֮䣬޸
ջڻԳ룬ƻڣйĹϥһ䧾һ˺Ρ⣬Ŀ峺ˮѲҡҷ
ˬЦļ磬ҪЩ۽ƹգķҲΨҶ֮ˣƫ׺͵òһ
ջֻʶؾãֹ
ѽ㣬̫˿ҲµġЦ
ջĲԹԵؼ˵ھĵһӣôƫĵˮأ֪Ҫ˶Ӵ
࣬˺ʱֹջüַǺƲ㣬Ҳ·ҲѰ·ˡ
󻪹µ̾˿鿣ʲôʱܿϰ
⻭һת峺ˮɣֻȾѪ˷࣬ߣԸͷѪģұΪԪ𡣡
ǵѪָϣ˺Ųĺ룬ɰһ㣬겻
ӡĳһˣͷѪΣΪֻǧĳһʱ
Щļ䣬ڿ˵ļ䣿ջֲ壬Ҳ⻪ʱԵ䵽ջȥ˸ˮ档
Īˮ·ͷʪ˸͸ֿۻԵջôһ˿Ц
˸ʪ͸ŪɣȻ֪ˮ·ʲôȻջǾԱȻˡ
ʦȻشկɣʦҲҪҽĪȱЩջɢµķߣò񻰡
Īְ˷£££ջɢµķԼı÷÷ٶȰջʦ㱳ʦ壬ұ
ǴջӼϻ˴˾ڴ䣬˾ҩǴˣ⾪졣
λҽջ̽˶ûʲôˣֻվѣջ
ƶˡ
ҽһйƣףƫ⻰ù֮ҽ˵ģݲǲš
ҽ߲ҽοҽҽһйʲôϡġ˾ɫջʱջԼҲв˹ƣ򶾲֮ɲʲôĹƶܴģջҲʲôĹơ
ۣʲôƣôĪΪ棬һֱΪҽһ˾ҽ޵ʲô֣û뵽Ȼйܰջҩ
ƣҹ֮ơ˾ջҲ˹֣Ϊ˫ƣܹ֮һΪոһˡ
ҡ岻֪ʲôʱѵģɫãŴ
ôᣬϲ޹ټ
ҺΣЦЦ
ƣΪ飬Чɲ˿ƣǰĸ˫³
ʦҪƣڵӣͬݻһȥ
ʵʦѹûѡĻᣬǱǿµģݻرϢݻؿˡ
װ˻ɵʦͿĵӶ棬شˣ˶Ҫݻħִ
ȥųǹƶһװɵգһ͵͵˷˳ȥ
ֵ䣬ƫѪ˲԰ף屧ݻغۣЩıҩջιȥ
ڷ֮ԵõݻѲ屧˿޵ÿȥ˵ԶЧݻءݻء㸣󡭡һµĶԲԡ
㲻ᣬǧ㲻ԸҲֻܰ˷£ֻȥĻǶֻҪţžһҵòײŰݻ͵ôȥ̡
ݻط˶Уʿ̤ĵҲãݻһ֮ء

 51  ݻƪ


ջʱһƬڰȷȼյƣȻԼصмʱ򡪡ˡ
ʱڣͼĿյջ꼾ƾȥ²֪ԵɣҲȥ
ֹ˶ִ֣ܾ֮ջ綨ԣһȥ
ٶʧȥջٶ˲٣ɢķ÷½Ƿȴһ䵽˲֪Ĵȥ
ջһƫڴʱƿţü
ջ
ԭ塣
ȥջŻ
岻ģֻһַס´ջʧ¡չġ
Ҫջ۳ֻ֣֣һף˵㷢ˣҰ񡭡
ջһ͵ĳ򶨵òãҲҵġ
ջ𣬷ֿס󣬡ˣ
С£ʯӴһ¡˵ɣջȴԶ϶ڼ񷢴ʱķ֡
ʵҲˣմЩѪʶֱջָһϸҩĩ˿ϣۣҲѸֹѪ
һůջ䵭˵ҲҪκչˡ
ֻ㡣岻ߣˣǴ˾˵»Ҫϵġ
ҪǵãҪȴǰ˾ô
νǣνǰ
ǣΪ
ջû˾˵ĺһ仰һֻɵָʱջ˾Υıҥͳתĵӻؼ䣬Ϥ֪һ񾭣ջֻؿۣص͵˾䣺䡭ѩҥ
ڶ
ѩҥǱҥ
£ҽݻء
˭
ʲôҲʲôջһģײʱƺʮָ˽ţôԸ֡
ջһţסջ粻ȥǰޱĴ˾ֻ˻֣˵ǣΪ
ǧչعĹ߳谵ջվһʿǰʱֶֹһϮʢӰ£ǴǼع˹䡣
ɱ̰ǽ
ݻأһ֮֮ϵĸ
ջʧԡ
˾壺ôأ˫Ƶһˣ
ǰ𣿡۱ĿԵջ
ɣȻѡǣǰ϶ЩõţοҲô򵥵¡
ǾͲǡ
ǰƣܼ㣬𡣡˾⡣
ۡջձߣۣѾˣҲٿЩġ
ϻ˰һʤԼ𯲻ֻ֪֪ӣһҲ۾ͺۿֿɼľ룬ƫֹ
ˣȵ˵ľ
ջ˵ĵһ仰ǣȥ
áްԹ
ֱջſʵƵĴʲô
Щġ˾סǲףο˹ѹۼ֮ãҲʦ֮
˵ĶǴʵջڶ꣬ͽ¶ԣѾֹѰγˣֱ˸ƣв˵׼Ҫϡ
աջ䣬Ϊһ֮˽ϴҵãҪıС
˫ۣøջָָɴסۣҽ߲ҽοóҽķӡ
£˷ƶõҲҪЩʱ׼ȹơ
ɡջ֮ʣһΣ
ʹȥʯ
ǹȺǧչǩȻһǧչΪ׼
ãȻúܣ룬ջǵֻߣԸǵ
ջʱϾѰСһʱһӵϣΨݻڽһ
ʱ岻ʮ꣬ѾԲľ磬ڻŵĲţ˿֮
ֻһۣܲԾȥǸۣһнϹӡ˽ư͡
ԭϹƲŲôŶӵֵ˸ǲԾ뿴ǸСϹӣ˸ͷյ˸ǰȥͷУ˵ţأȳ԰ɡ
ֶ˶ץĴͷͷıʱЩۺۣһ־Լ˿̳ҲǺβʳ֮٣ֻڵϾ
Ƿͣȴ࣬ݺҲرҲ֪ǷԹ첻
ͷٳûҲͶ׵Ͼֱһ౻ʩ֮˵С
ڵɳǴ˰
԰ΪָЩƶ֮ˡ
ţĸеС㣬ǰȻͷʮηܡ
ЩӵͷȥһˣҲվ׷˹ȥ
㣬ʲôСסϾһȵ콾ûȵģסŵģ岻Ծ۸Ƶġ
ңûжġ˰֣ҲĻε֣Ҿš
Ƕ޿˵Ŀ־֮˸޴С½ǣ£Ҳ۸ġ
˵ԽսСУѧЩ֮̽æضȥŷǡˣ
˱ҽȥһԿиԵιҩιûѣɴŵȥҵķɢߣҲ¶ţС˾䣺󰡡
Եڴˣˣٶιȥû˹ܣ͵͵˵Щʳ
巢ֻʿܣĪƽ˼ֿ֣ʼΪʲôʿճʿ仹ܴ˻ӭİɣģǵһμ
ܾãһ˵⣬Էܸоģ֮ƺҲǣһθڵӲʩʱȥ˵˵Ҫʱס䣬־Ū·Ȼ֡
ô𣿡ͣ˲ӣԾЦЦ⻹һ뻹ѵá
˶ĻֻۣҶЩȱǻ֮ҲմЩҡ
ûһʱȥӣƾְҪѻصȥæȥһҲסݱ䣬Щ޴ؽţҺϲ⻨̫ЩԾˡ
ӹѰõл
˿Щɬس֣֡
еĻʮָӣҲΪϣʩǰлҲ֪Ϊһˣôǿժ仨ġ
ʲô֡岻Ծʳ˲֪ôôȥһưͽʲô֡
Ӧ
ݻء
ݻأܺ֡

 52  ݻƪ


ݻʮֹԣʱ˵ţʱӦ䣬һֻУҲ⣬Ҫ㣬ݻػĵһѡ
ڵĲʩһ£ԽʱѸ
е̫뿪ݻѣҲһߣݻҪ۸ݻرʯСϹӺͳɶĿõģοݻؿôһߣֵΪĶ
Ǹݻء㣬ҪҪһߣ
á
ݻؼȻӦ£Ҳȥ޶ȥˣʦ֡˻ȥ
޶Ȼָ֪˭ȥؤţһʦֶǣʹļ׵ģʦ壬ô׿츳ô˫òôƫƫϲһСؤһ𣿣
š΢΢β˼صͷЦţżζʮոճЩһЦüۣмܾܾ
޶εؿ壬ҪʦųƵŸɱܻܾˣƫƫԽԸԽԼʦʮǧﲻֹ
һòɣּҲڿ죬ͬ˭ϲСʦܵģ˭ܾСʦԼôһС£
ðɡ޶Ӧ£延ϲлʦ֣־ԼΥΥŹҲʲôˡ
ڵжޣųʱڣһޣв֮ȥֽֽʦǣϾ˸µ˻Ҳ顣
ͽ׼ϣֻнʿ״ӣ岻ҽų֪˸˻ֲݻصʦֶȥյãûҵʦ岮˭ͽģݻصĸҲ֪
ҪˣΪͽʵ档
ҸݻؾôӦ¡
˴һѧˣŷݻزһĴҲ˲ֹһ㣬żҽһࡣ
ҽȤκ츳ѣѧѧȥҲѧô㣬ݻֻһ飬ݻؾͲѸҩҩˣ˼ֱǣһ̾ͻĵ䷶
屳У鱳ʱݻһ䣬屳ˣſˣ̲סƫͷȥʣݻôʲô㲻𣿡
ݻԥһ˲𣺡Ҳ˺
ʲô᲻ģһһֱݻءˣִÿʼ飬˵ĵطݻ䡣
ݻص۾ŷۼʿǲͬģҲȥʹˣһ飬ͷãβˣڣܼƷ嶼ս޵ġ
գЦЦҪݻ·ͱֹסˣ۾Ҳ棬Ѱ˵ۼôʿֱʣ
ݻһһﲻס䣬ڣ壬ˣǲġ
忴µˣֿԼබݻأţʱΪħأۼ޿ɽ֮ҾͲ߶ʦ
ݻһˣʮ޴ģһܱȥĵ˵ţûµģݻءۼβþβãҵ۾
ݻصֶ˶ϡ
Ǹ츳ʿֻԼ֪
οͬоݡ޽޶˵ʦȶԣŬֻӹµ
׿ϯӣѧʲôܼ裬Ӥ类ѹΪҲ˫鿵δ޴󼰵ʦ֡
޽һĽ类轣֮ҲʶؽһˣǷ״ӣǰ;
޶Ϊޣһ裬˶ͽ˼ĴڣҪǱ޶˵ʦ˲˻ȥ޶ˡ
壬ʲôһ㣬ȴרҽȤҲʱʦЦƷ壻ܲ׾ʦ֣ʦֳ겻ڣΪĥһβ͸ĵܺȥա
Ѱʵˣðʴʦȥʦȷʵ˵ԵĮЩʮѵĵͨ͸׶Ҳ޲֮⣬ˢ֪
˺峣ھݲչʱ͵͵ȥҲĽѧϰǿҪȱ˶༸ֹʱǿס콾֮
壬ӶҪһģٳδ룬ȥֻܽɢƼˡ
ֱգھְ֮ŷָָԲ壬¡
ʦ֡ǾΪɾݸҪԼ̫ᣬݹ£ʮԲмˡ
ô˵ˣԾǰο֮ʣҲ˾ģվΪصúøݡ
Լ֪ݻغΪݻ̫ˣֻԴܾһҲȥžݡ
Ϊݻֵһᣬܵ䲻йÿÿѯݻʱɣݻȴв£ţұ͵ѧܵ䣬ġ
ݻءƻݻŤͷתʱ˾䣺ҿԽ㣬ѧŵģѧĽ㡭
ѧݻƼЦ
ΪʲôһȻûݻزǣݻص׺ͳ̶ȣݻӦˮľмǻģο治Ǵ˵֮
ұǸϹӣùҹֺαѧЩ˷ǵġݻشȴڵ͵ѧ伮Źݻ˵ôҲǣˡ
͵͵ѧǷֵġݻԽǾܾԽηϿŹ棬ҰݻشǰȥҲҲ⣬½õӺݺݷݻһνôһֱɽ
ңѧЩţкôġݻصֻ֣ЩôιûٳЩ
㲻𣿡ݻ޷Ҫýõ˷͵ѧ伮Ҫð²˴ġ
£°ЩΪ²ݶ𡭡
ڵݣոۣݻأҲҪ㵱۵ӣҪҲҹ״ӡ
ν
ν
ݻԣʮԣݻҲǣټ׽ˡ
⣬ķǡǡ෴û˵ôʳʣԵñҲĲ֪ѽݻһ˵ʵ
ʱڣΪеԱУ׽޷ѹżķ޳
ֻ֪ʣ֪ΪάֱѹֵúεѰ
ݻزͬݻȫȫģ壬ֻһŹʮ뵡ʱݻظüۣһ

 53 


ջҲܾһĬˣΥۣ£Ժߵջ˿ڣҲǵ㣬ҲҪҡ
֮ԣֱջΪˡ
޷ģ㲻ǵҲû¡˵
ջʮ꣬ʮǵҲ޷ġ
ҿԵʮꡢꡢǧꡢꡭ˵Ŷ˶٣ֻҪҾ͵ȡ
Ҳ
ұȥѰ㡣
һ֮ˣɽң
ջܸоӦǸܺõգе׹仺ս֣ʮԲ
徲ԶɽۣڸڵʱҲôõգʱ˵ãݻء
ҲԾ˵˿ڡ
ջܸܵյ¶ȣ׹תûԺˡ
ʧʧҪһٲˣϢµϥʱջڴߣڵΡ
ΪۣѽԨ£ġһݡ
ջߵߵʾ֪ںԼݣĪҪˡ
ǡ
ʱһʧŵ綼ˣջʱĪԼʱգ֧ѸͻǱˡ
ջԴ˰ݣӦֻǲ˷̶
ջһͣԼﶼûף˷̶ֺķӺֺܶ࣬αȥοӣô͡
ֹ˽ƣֻ˼֣Ըˡ
Ѳ£ֻ١ջת˻⣬ΪֹɽٲµģʱķĶֻ࣬Ϊֹһٹɻ
ŵס𣿡ֹ˼û㻤ҿɲġ
±ص߾ȫ϶ɽ١ջû
ðɡ˵ˣֹһɣջ˿˵ţŹżĲ֮ûǣζЩŹ֣ЧӦò
κջԵ治ɫӲ
ֹջεߣˣʮˣĳԿҲӣԼŪʣƫջ治ɫȥˡ
νˣ
ֹ뷨ȻջҲνģ磬ϲֹ
ֹΪħӷ޳ЩʵѰӸλ֮ҲѰħеħԳ̶ȿջΪֱֺǧħ޵֮
⣬Ҳֻħޡ
ջϲֹ˵Ϊֹ߸ϣҲΪֹֺݾǡĻöࡣ
ǰ˺ףֻҪ½ͣ㷢һľ㻹ֽԵ
ûջ֪ȷʵֹĲС
ڣֹǿǵʧˣҲرֻ࣬ߣη£ЩջǺ͵ⷶΧ
˵ãֹ͵̾˿㲻ġ
ѧѧٺЩ
ֹҹջһ仰˵ٺЩǶԼݡ
Ʋþ֮ǧչɱ֮ˣֹŵһǵڶĿȷջƶ֮֮
ջԼݹͷˡ
Χ۴滪Ҳ˵£ǧ¸ƵߺķŽȥһѵӣԼһЩ֮ɢ̾˿пţֹ治Ǹ˰ֻҪ˾ǰɣ
Ͼٹ͸¡滪硣
ջڽȥ˰ɣֹ滪ֻ߷߲ƽ˵ǧ˲Ρ
ջֱǧչģȫݣɶ¶ɣƽ£Ҳ˼ҲûϢǣ׼ģֹ¡
ôһ룬滪̲סˣʼʱֹһȵջôջ˶ô
ǵǼջ죬ɫֹŽڶҰڶĶ滪ֹ֪ҲƤֹһˡ
ֹʵûдӦ滪һᶨܾͬ⡣
һ·϶ûʲôţҲֹһˣǻֹҲʮ߰ɣһʮߵӶûС滪ĬĬ²ۣȴǳʵظֹ
ֱɫ滪翴ԶиӰǵķ嶯Ҳ¹滪統ֱֹ۽гһֻ󣺡
ֹĮ滪סҪŽǰ̽ʱˣϴȥϴ󲿷࣬Ҳ
òǱۣҲֺʱ滪ݲżȻһʫҵʺջݣֻӦҶ֪дˮ£ǳˡ
ȡҡĵӣֹ֣ķ
ֹŽվӵش֮ˣֳ״ȥǰס֣ӸµؿˣʣҾ㣬ܸʲô
ԸΪЧδ䣬Ѿ׻˹ȥ
ֹû̬е滪Ϳ˿ڣеĵӣֻǸ˴ʣ
滪ӣǲʲô龰£ܰ
ֹ˽û滪æһ˱ȥˣ俴󣬵˱ȻܾĥȻôվվ
ֹһŽһַűˣ滪һߴߴҲᣬδˣҲûɡһ·ߵЩѣˣ滪绹ںںݣҲ̫ÿ˰ɣ찡ôôÿƯ磿
ֹòֹͣ죬绪
滪ֹദЩ̫꣬ɶʱñװں͸Ͻ·ˡ
ԼֹȻϲᣬֱˣ˵ȷʵˡ
滪翴˿üã°̾оˣֹӣҪȵ˱ȻȣǰҩȹεĹҽǧץпܵġ
£滪籾Ҳֻ룬û뵽ֹ˰ǧ롯ˡ
üѹŵǧɫÿʹֹҲûʲôǧɫ˼֣ôǸҽλүǸǵĽɫһ۾ܿ
ǧҲûҩЩ˵İǣʲôץҲëͨͨûУֻЦλʲô𣿡
ǧ룬Ҳܸлʱ˵ʱûֹ˦ɫ£Ҫֹɣ˳ɵûˡ
ԽǸ˲̽ǧɫԽѿתֹʱǿбЦ˵ţϣҰٶУгۼɲֵ
ǧȥССû˵û˵Ĳȣ˾ȻǲܣɾҪѪˣ
ֹ޶ԣǧﲻֲ˾䣺ˡֱԣʮȾһ
Ļǧû˵ΪֹȻ˽Ծûʲôֻ˵ҪȱȣҪ̣
ǧһֹĶħԣҲ滪һθܵΪʣֹˣһ
滪綨˸СĿֹ꣬ȣͿԵԻȵĿˣ
һҲȷʵԼˡ

 54 


ʢĵϽ꽻СĿգĪƿɫ˵ţʦ˾˵ȥرǻʲô
ǡ
ʯ
һ£ûҪǿľϹʯʯͬʯʯڷŻǡ
ôû͵
ĪʯͷȦЩţôƽƽһʯͷϹ
ҪǾһѣܼΡ
ʼ˾⡣ݵҲûῴʯͷΪ˾Ҵǹƭǲɣ
ǽˣ⣬Ϊ𯽲üϣǲýͨԵʣ˵ָָʯ֣ȥ԰ɡ
֣ȥĪ̯̯֣⡣
ݵ˼ʯҪ֮̽ᵽģһָ䣬һʯ±档
Īƿ۾ݣžݵĶȥ²⡣
˵ֶȥĬűֻۣص˺ʯѾûʲôˣɾΪϹһۣһŵʯͷأҲǵ
ϹŴţʯ类ᡣ
ʱ𯵹ԸȥҲϽ˲ǰǧ廢ħ뽣޽Ǹе壬ֻסʯá
Ҳ޷ѵи˾һְૣ嶪ʧҲڡ
ʲôڽһ֮࿹𣿣涼˵ֻҡͷʱУ𣚣
ʯΣ尲ΣԣΪ峤һ˾ָû˭
ʧʯǹ뷣Ŀˣת˲ţƽƽʯͷǣ
֮˶ʯ֮ģ޺죿֮ʹкܽ⣿ţ˶Удǹ˾ϵġ
Īƺ;ͬʱʯʱһĨ˲ϢĪ͵س֣𾪵ؿǿƽƽʯͷᡭʯ֡
Īתת񲻸ƽ˼⣬໺˼֣߻ɨڳʱֻǼ˾ĿбӵطŴ԰ʯϣʧ˫֤ĳֻþС
Ī˿ϸҲԸٻַʯһ˲ԺһŵĨ죬ʮױ̤ʢװĻϲ׽סһ֡
һϮװĮֻһۣ͸̡
Ϊʲô˳ôݣֲǾݡĪȻʧЦ
׹ξ
һ˵鿣ҪһкõĶ㣬ֻأط򣬶ƫ㡣
ЦֵĻϲ׽ס֣˵ţ˭Ҳ׼۸㣬Ҳ
Ҫ۸㣬Ҳú
յ֣ҲûȥֻӦ񱾾Ͳ˵ʲô
ҡǺһ죬Ʋǣ֤ҳϲ㰡鿡
šÿɷ
ⳡظǧ飬˼ǵ̣һתֻ޾ͷĲɴ˭ƣɴĻͷǣǺȣ֡
һƬʣΨһ˫˫ۣˡ
ɴȺỺսС̬ã֮䡣
ֻҪ˺ѿĿĺ죬޴룬Ǳʶŵĳȼ٣վഥһĨĺ졣
ָһʱڱҲۣƱȺ̼֣׹ھָ˺ʱԵ۶סʺᴭģϢţһżҪ˺ѿġ
㡭
ڵѪ˹žʯϣݷ䣬ĺ츲Ұߵĺ¶ɱôһ˦ʮס
涣ҪǿųЦ鿣飬ղʼ֮𡭡
鿡˭
˭
ݸס۵Ķ䣬̲ס˼ûӿþΨ˺ѷεһ
鿡
ݲǵԼôþģ˼ĪƵһʱסһ˫ӳƿɽ޾г롣
ôᡭһƣôôء
ʲôĪ˾ûˤȥһۺʡ
ҽ˼Ҳûݻ֮£ĪڴߣҲ˼ֽ꣬ʵЩһżߵϽѲҪǴȥǹԱ
ƫʱ򣬻в֮͵˰
ջʱûѵףֻ̽ģˡ
дҩ𯰴ץҩֹɽ˼Զ˰
ɡջ˻У֪ݵ¡
ǡһݣ⸮Ǻ¡
˼ԶˣΪе䲻˼̫㣬ǰ㲻ǰ㣬ҵԼᡣ
ϽĿģҲǰдĵ伮ô򵥡
ⲻսϽ·û죬ջԺˣɺײϡ
ѡ˼Զ˦˦з
ϵŵ˼Զһ񣬰̽ؿ˼ԶϵϽΪΡ
˽Щ伮ˡ˼ԶһЦոڴˣݻһ
˼ջʧһֹס˼ԶߵŵĶͣϵ˷ݻǲС
ô˼ԶһҲε֣Ҳֻãݻ鿵ȥˡ
һ˦۵¶Ⱦʣϵ˾ΪΡ
Ѳ˽ţҲʲôġ˼Զ޹̯̯֣οҲ򲻹ѽ
˵ĵʵ
ûݴ˸˼ԶϽ˵ѶûžݺĪˣڽ⣬˼ԶȥҲǼ˵ġ
˼ԶȥҾҲ˸գĪûôºͣŶµøɶƵģһһֻûὣ¡
˼ԶĹˣֱûô򵥣ƫҲûʲôһֻ̽ȥ
Ī˿ܾݴȥˣʦʿľҵĴ£ܲȷû£ı֪¡
ʱĪڴţǰķмң΢΢üۣ£˱УСһҲģ
ûĪϢĪʱͼ۵׳δɢĪƱЦˣʦ
šݼӦʣôˣ
Ҳ֪ͻȻͻȥˡĪЩ޴վݵ˱־̫ÿڸɣ־費ˡ
ȥ𡭡ϸϸ׽ϢôҲ벻Լôȥ
Ĳˣȥʦݱ衣Īֿ۾ݣбߡ
أҲʡݽͣĪƣԼ˱һȥˡ
һɡĪƿ۴ɫָæݣҡƾ˻ǿҪ֡
ôá˼Ƽ֣崫ѶϢһˣ˼Զһ֣ݲɫһ
ƾпɽ֮˼Զ͸¶ϢǶϽ˼ԶָŸϹˣݺ˼Զʲô֪

 55 


ʯôһŸݽĪƾܵķӣ˵ʯϹʯԵ֮ЧұǼٺúý⾭ܵķӡ
׾˵ʵѾǵʯʱԼʲôˣһĵΣ޼Ѱ
ϹʯֹʯӦñҸ𯿴žݣʯϹ鿷ǧСѷ֮һľкѡ
һûеһʱ𯻹ڼ˵־ǣʯһС飬һһ飬
벻ᣬһ֮ˣڵδ鿵
˵ʵ޴ӱ粵ͻȻҲʦΪʲô֪쾭ôӦʯ˰ɣ
ݿã˾ϣҲֻǸƽ֮û˵ĻȫȻԼǳ˹Ԩ쾭ĽⷨģȫԼ
ݶһ˹ȥʱĪҲһСʳбЦӯüģ׾ܽϲ÷ˣ˵ʦҽѧʻ㳢
ʻҲϽʳˣٴΣûԹû뵽ĪƾжǿԼˡ
ݿĪһʱ˵֪ĪԣæЦЩСؿʣʲôʦ񲻸ˣ
˵̾˿ľܲˡ
ǣǾͲ¡ĪһΪԵشߣҲûʲôʦҪˡ
ô𣿡ַĪԼĪ۵ˮ΢̣оĪС
ĪƷգգ۰˻ȥ徰Цġ
Ц̫ˣûյ𣬻˷ֿɬ
ݱ˱ۣü΢˵磬һˡ
ˣˡĪᳶ˳䣬˵鷳ġѾʦܶˣǻȥɣЩ
ҲҪˣòãĪƵͷûҿֻͷȥߡ
ݵ͵ͳ˿ֽӹĪʳУзӵġ
ŰĪЦ˵ûϣ
ȻסĪۣĪƺ΢û˵ʲôҲû֣ݳĬһ˲˵Բ𡣡
Īƴ΢䣬ŸϾ۵֣˵öԲˣʦѾˣ֪ġ
ҲţҲš
á
˵۾ôϣĪƵǶԹŷϴ裬һյǿʯҲԸõĪܾ
ӣĬ˾ݱزΪĪġ
ݲܱô룬ĪƵľʼմһϣֻȷʵʯĪˣȥǶϴ裬ҲΪպ̵档
ãʦǵչ˺ԼĪЦϽ֮ȷʵȼ˺ܴϣϣʧ˸Ѱ
뾰Ӱ첻ˣΪ˵ֺγѹ
ֿ侲һʱ˵׼Ǻ¡
Īһߣݲź֪綼ŰһĪǰ壬ȴôӦ
˸ĪʻһƼ޵ĻڣҲֻ΢𣬻ζл㡣
ڵĻһòó԰ɣ
򴽣´ıŻغС
һͷ˼Զںʹ˾ƤϷصģסʲô𣿡
𯲻
˼Զ££ЦҲ²£Ǹòᣬ鿵ɣ
ɫһ䣬ŭĿӣҹⱾ£
ɽɵආ۸ͷοһŵ콾
ŭҾ˵˵˼ԶЦϾⶼüˣһû鿵
ҹߡۣǵĵͺúôڿᣬʱȥ
⡭ھȥ
㡣
ʵ֤ȷʵúôء
ϵ
鿵
໥һ£ݾԼ⣬ΪΣǾݷʡ
ѰϹ֮ܡ
ܡݱνֻʶô䡣
˵Ϲֻһλ𣿡˼Զѹ˵ӣҹ£һǼָ˵ƣô˼
ݲԹ˵ȥ㿴ʧ֮ƫֶֻǿõʯͷǣ׿֮ˣȱôԸʹ̷ȫ嵽ຮ̤֮㱱ĳ̶ء
Ǿݵһ֪˼ԶϹôȤҲһ֪ôܣ٩٩̸
ݱϹ鿵֪ҲͣԽĻ񱾼͡Ϊħߣд˳ͽ䲻Ϊ֡
ԡ˼ԶҲ˼ҹؽ۹Բףħ嶯ңΪôһͬؼ䡣
ԣ֪ģݲ̫Ըֻ⡣
Ϲʱûпֹܲһλأ˵׼Ϲ֮սʵ֮սأ˼Զ˵˷ܴԾ߽ݼֱ롣
Ҳ֪ôžܺڽЩ̽˶£¾Զǲģùż
񱾼͡Ϊʦڿɽʦע֮л󣬴ɸʦ̡Ī˹ɻҲЩͣзȥ֮ס
ֻǺɰˣϵֻһλô˱Ƶѳ֮ˣ˼ԶҲָƽеļֿҲʳ䵭ⲻЦӣмֵŸ˵ʡ
ˣһɢֺ̣α׷ݾԼ˼Զκ⣬ϸȥ˵׼ͽա
ҾǺˣϾǵŵġ񱾼ܸ͡ڵĲ̫һ˼Զ˵ζ
ħΪа壬򾳶ı֮֮С
鿲֮࣬ս򾳷ָħʼĩ֮ûһ˿飬˼ԶҲҭɫ˼֣˭˵ദùͨģԡ
ݸոǶǡ񱾼͡Ŀƪ̽Ϲ֮ս䣬Ҳ⻰ûȤ
ϼǵһͶ𣿡˼Զһ±飬񱾼͡ҲдˣӾﵯָЩʲôʱ䡢ҲǷ˵Ķ壬ʱ䡢ڸ߾Ӿʲô壿
ҼʦүҲ˵زʣΪۻ鿼صߣһͬʵ̬ȣ̬ȣħк֮Уһ˺һֻҲûκΪҪΪֻӵ֣˼ԶҲ˹ż䣬ɵһ˳
ͣ²ӣ˼ؿ˼Զò˵˼Զ߼⣬ȥΪֹսûκμдһλⷲдΪߣþھ죬ǧ겻¶һ
˾ݵȤ˼ԶҲЩ˷˵ţԣûпܣ񱾼͡ӸǴأϵðôŭ˵֮ս
Ȼƻ
֣ͣߵ˼ԶʱˣǾݵһý䣬û뵽ͦá
˼Զɴۣⳣ˸һĸݽô࣬ݾȻԼ߸½䣿

 56 


Ͻҹ磬ëһˣҹ˹·
ֽ˵꣬Ѹٺ˴ܾԾϽ»ô
Ҳ֪忿ǽ˵Ͻż粻ȷʵЩ
һݲǰɫģһ˲ŰףãɣǶѩЯ˪֮ס
Ͻѩġ
ǰϽѩɫŸɣ˵ܾ״ٽƫҲ֪Դͷ
Īǳɽٻˡ
˵ģѲȱںܶϣǵĮ
һ룬˵Ҳԣֻ㻹ǺúϢɡ
ʱ˿̣ÿһ˵ĹԨ׵绷ƣңңԵɫӰϢϴ񣬳ֻ֮˵ǰ˿ڲٴսЩȷջ
Խֵ֮ԪӤɽ׽٣Ҳ֪ǹŻǲ
է䣬ϸܵ˳ŷϣϴǳ֮ܳʹջ˼ɫȴû仯ǲֻۣѾϰߵľָоˡ
ľעÿһͻƶ̣ͬϵĴۡ
ǧʱ˵ҲΪˣ˺ͨбȻѰˣ֮㱡Ҳͬڳˡ
ÿͻʱժ֮ʹʹңҪͻƴ󾳽磬ǧû˵ȥ
ջڽᵤʱˣ˵֮ǰÿͻһؾ磬ʹһ飬֮ʹɶɡ
ͻһش󾳽磬Ǿ˺֮ʹʱѡʣȥ֧Žᵤͳ׵ˡ
ᵤµÿÿ룬ǷӦĴۡ
䲻ǺڰɫѪɫ
ᵤջܿȥҲȫԼǧＫԸظιԼ˼ҩ
ȨʱֹϱյƮƮ˵ţҪˣ͸ɡ
ֹ˵ǧϧ᲻֪ôѡ
ջľ˵ǿɱҲΪֲͬԶֻʱ𵤺ڵΪջѾٶˡ
ȷԼû𵤶ԪӤĽ٣磬ΪֹЩ
ջļ䣬ʼڶְ꣬Ұʼ۲ҿһ˲վǰˣī߹ڣۻƣһϮɫΣǽ׺䣬Ӧһߡ
˵ֹ
֮ջֹֻܸ֪״̬ãŹżǵķӽӡַɢ˼ֹס
֪ǲӢţֹ׽ԶԪӤɽҪݵö࣬ԪӤĽҲǿЩһʱջƷףٿƲסŻѪ
ջˡֹͣ
ϡ
󼴿ɣٰǶֹ۶ϣջ״̬ҪõĶࡣ
ңңɼջͼӣǰڲѲ֪٣Ǿ˫ĸôôǱֹܾĻֹڿڣȷʵ۲ˡ
ֹüܾǰҲôˣǷǣֻôĬظǸʱϡ
Ļǰֹ̲ס룬ֻѶϣħתֻ֮˵ôǰ
һ˲ٶϮֹ˼
˽ʵʵһ׵ֹŭĸ쵰طܿסģ
ֹ˿棬ôۣ
ջͷβûйһۣ⵱ôʧķ緶
ֹȥԼ˼׹ħʵû뵽ģҲħ٣
ԪӤ뻯ߣǾǧܾ˼׿࣬˪ħҲ͸Ѱ
ֹ˭겻ԪӤԲ񱾼Ͷôдľ֮ţȻǸ಩޸ĸ֮ˣҲǿԼɱõϵٹλ
ס绪⡣
ˣôܻħ١
ƫС
Σ

ϲ뻯񡣡ջһݣֹɽʱ仹̣ԤҪ̵öࡣ
ⲻӦôʲôÿ׵ġֹ鲻̫ãջһûȤĥûºֻĬȴֹġ
룬Ѱľ־أΨħѶƫ־ã׷Ѱģضħءֹ˵ջҲν
ħƺƵǧأʮǰħħ壬ǷⲻѰ֮ˡֹ˵ֻͷջ˾䣺㲻㡣
ī̵ջΪħʵ֤ѪǸ¶ǵõĻѪڲǡ
ֹ˵ԼΪʲôҪľջ֮ˣҲΪ滪ȥˣջһָоþ
ջҲȷʵûʧ
Ψһϧǣջ˹ЩˣħҲɣ
˵ϵ£ҵѰʲôֹ˾䡣
²֪еĴ𰸣ֹҲգԹԵ˵ȥܻ׵һġ
ֹΪһϲռľһ־ջҲòͨ񣬻Ǵֹ
ˣ״ȥɣֹ˼
ջһ죬״ֻǴͶʳԭƻΪֹɽǰģƻϲϱ仯ڵһҲջơ
ȥɡֹѵõģķˡ
Ȼԭջ״̬ȥҪһȥһǼƻ֮صĻڣջҲֹɻȱĵ
ʶת˲ʮֹ꣬ĳıش˵ġ
Ԩ껹£֪˼ҹǿٺۼҲУҶȱѾʲôˡ
ĻʿȴʮһڶֹˣֻǶȷ޽ûвĵƣƩʧǧĽ֮
˵ЩģȪԪӤԲΪչضֻΪͻ񾳽磬Ҫǹɣ޽Ҳһֿħ޵ʱ
ֹջģʵǾԪӤԲȪ뻯ĸʸʵҲСƾջɲһԪӤԲʿġ
ҪǾ뻯ڣֹ治ȷԼܴù粽һ󾳽磬ΪܻԵ㲦ʹĶ࣬ʵʵԼٽʿһġ
ߣ𣿡ֹҪһˣҪľץס㣬ˣиɻ
޸ĸ޹ʣԼᣬ츳ƫһһɣֱϡ
еġջӦߣһմ֣ٲ
Ǿٲ

 57 


Ͻˣ˼ԶûߣÿŷƵС·ϣôôӦ˾娛
ݺżҲ˵䣬˼Զʾݴ֣һ񣬹۵з磬򶨵ˣ۵˷磬ִһЩ
ĪƸմǳתͼ˾ݣϤΣī紵Ҽ౾λö˸ŷĵʿ˿ĵû
Ī򴽣һߵǰȥҲô˿⣺ʦ𣬹
֡
ˣݿĪƣĪ֣ȻȻȥ
ĪһʱҲŻԡ
ɿ˼Զ˼ؿˣĪ˵߲߶ˣ;˵ĵӱǽȻͬ
˼ԶЯȥӰЩĪ漴˹ǣСӣڸռȨ
Ī˵ľûôֻ࣬ţ˹ϴоΣ
Ī˼ԶҰ˾֣ЩִٲƫͷȥʾݣʦҸոǲ̫ˡ
𣿡ݻ̫ú˺֮佻ĳ߶ȣĪƸոôССһ£ʵҲûо
ûоͺáĪ˿Ҳ˵ոʲô飬Ÿ˼ԶվһľݣƲסزôãҲ᲻ʦ𡭡
˼Զԡ
ʦ˵ʲôĪƻԼոնˣʦôһˣô˵ֻ
᲻Ϊʦ𣿡ƵЦЦֻһ˲ָֻƽյص
ϾҵʦĪ˸ֵϴ򵥵ģеʦ𡣡
ԣʦ𣿡
Īʵþ⧲ʵˣС
֪䣬ѾϰĪôˣϰһʦϰЦ˵ãϰʳòóԡ
*****
ʧҪһ̵ģƩ۾Ӧ̶ͬȵĹߡ
ǰɴһ˲ջһۼŵ壬Ҳһôȥ壬һɾĸоערע⣬΢Ĵƫʱ˶Ծ
ٿŷΣӣһϮ˪ɫȾ⡣
ջһäԣʶʵߣÿζټЩ
ǧƽʱʶһǹԨ²ִһǣһЦͲزסˡ
ջ
¡
ûû£Ǻþòزס۵ĻϲֱջҲ˻Ӧôͺþòˣºܾ
Ц⼫ǳ滨һղи
ɫĺƣҲ˼Ҳ˼
ջһʱߣһô˵˱ɽϵ˷죬ǰ˵Ļûʲôˡ
ϲظջߵĶĶСβ͡
ջȥǹҽǶɹҩĺһЩҩ֣Ǻò׵ȵɹҩߣܿѧͽװҩ
ջԼѧͽʱҲôװҩζһĪԼһװ˰˰ٸһģһҩȫǧż߹û͵
꼲ôѧͽֵҩۣЩ졣
ԡ
֮ǰȡ꼲ݣԭҪ壿
ջĬϣϽλ֮Ķ࣬꼲ݽⶾЧãڶ߳Ĺʮá
߹䣬ĺɫбɢʱ֣忴ջʣˣʲôʱߣ
֪ջһְ˶µöû˵
ֱúƺ֪˾䣺ء
죬աһЦЦƵ˾䣺𣿡
ᡣջøɴࡣ
֮еĴ𰸣Цδʣ´μԲҪ𣿡
á
ĪҪߣԹ˵ǿ϶ͱϯģݺ岻ȥǾֻˣһʣĪֻе²
Īɨϣķʢʳƫ࣬аŵһѹˡҰӡ
ʦ˵ԳԾӵģĺ㡭
Īƾһ˼ϯϴүȰƵΪҲȾƣȾơ
ǳӣˡһȰĪҡӣûԹ
Ӧû°ɡϾǹÿڵزʳ
Ī΢㣬ٺ١
һٺԺȵĴǣĪƵڴСˣ˺СۣС¹
׽סĪƺһ֣Щͷۣƣ
ۣʦͷиС¹ÿɰģĪ㵸ݰûס
ʦһȥС¹ɭ֣
Աͷ۵ľݣһվŵΪ򶨣ձĪ˵а񣬻˵С¹գһž֪ĪҰжҽɡ
Ұж£йҽ𣿴ûС
Ī㵸˴ҹιҩ˶ˣڴϵʹ˼ʹԭΪϽжΣƶ߳涾ݣû뵽Լ
˵˲Ծӡָ鵯˵Īƶͷ
ĪƲ˲侰ָ⣬ġ
ֹίôź
´οɲˡݻѵͽܣš
ѶϷ˼ԶʾЦúܴ
ĪѾ˱סԼʼװˣ˵ڻüɫС˵ĻӰ
˼Զ˵ҲϷģģϾ´ټɾͲ֪ǺϦˡ
ϵǰΪ£˼ԶĻֻһ룬Ҳ˼Զеͱ£ĪƷţ˼ԶԶЩȷŵĪϢ
ҲȷʵһҪߵ˼Զһ
ˡ֪˼Զ⣬ĪԼֻܸ߾һˣȻȥǡ
ʦܸܶ𣿡
ܡ
뽲ա
Ҹһԣ˵ٽ˼Զ⻰һôôֶ֪˼ԶĲԣ
ҰȻԼҲǺš˼ԶЦ߸֣ĪĪǳ
ʲôⲻͨͽܱ˽ȥݲüҪھ˼Զ˵ô˵ģҲû취ͽܶǴߣӦܻΪĵİɡ
ֻǵģľһһ˼֣⣬ƫⲻŵ˼ˡ
Ǿ͡ĿԴ
˼Զƣɲ˭ҵģΪֹûԣҲûʧֹܼȤ޼ƫƫ⼸˰ɣһһѸ㣬Ū֡
ˣ¸Ŀ꣬͸ջˡ
κո飬˼Զû˵أͱջĸֶµĻ
ٹ¡

 58 


ĪҰжûг̣һҲ֮ǰû𣬳ȥĪɢڼСˣһֻֻּܵÿɻ
ûӻûȣ˵˼Ѷ˵֣Ҫ޶ˣ޼
ֽĺ󼴷٣ɫһʣ޶˶ûˡ
޶ʦںѶѾáŵĵһݡ
ָ棬֪ȥĶ
޶ʦԭȵĻ˵ɽȥġ
ɺˡ
²ǣ޼աŶ룬⻰ڳ˲Լֹͬ
ԭΪ޶ʦ˵˵ʧáƫЩĪԼҲû뵽޶ôΪһç˵ãǻ֮ϵħ氡
Ѷ˵޼̾˿ſһϲü޶Ǿӣǲɳ¡
ʦҪȥ𣿡
ȥ
Ͼħ޵ĵ̣ҪȥҲþܲҪſ˿ڡ
ɫ΢װա
ֻˣǡǧչȻҪȥ޶ˣȻҪıȫ
߶ŵǧչڹӭع
ջǻ˲ģӸ滪Ҳ徻ɱɱ˳ظ㱨˶ٶǧչб˼Ҫ۾͹ȥĵ⡣
ջѰ˼ĸһѵӣܵһƷһֻ֧û֣ջûȤֳĶһӵӺúá䡯ΪԴ˾пɡ
ɱȨʮֿģǰջ˸ĴָúŶ
ڶƲþ̰ǵǰһƷסСøһľӣ֡
㱨Ҫ򵥸ɴö࣬ȴÿ˵껰ҪһǰƷ⣬һжġ
ˣ޼пͽ¡
޼աǧչ޼Ϊѣ޼Ҫ£ǰһҲӦģص㻹ǿ費Ҫǰ
޼ǣ뾳ġ
ǾͷУҲǹ̫ɡϾһ·Ҫߵ̫ɣ˵׼ɹɲ
ǡתתָ⾵Ȿɿﱾʣǲⶫ˵ġ
һߣǮƵĽܾͽˣһûЪջģⲻӰάϵĮܾ㱨Ĳ֧
ܾˣǮ˭϶۳һͭӣĿϸҲҪһһģز˴ֵˡ
ĲȨǹϵġ
ڣ滪Ǳָ̰һǮģûǮ۵ܾ顣
ǧչܻ˽Ǯûǹǿ࣬ʱ滪绹ȥ̯Ǯ
ǧչܰ滪⻨ǮˮĴٹܵˣȴֹջܾˣ治ǽ
֮ټ̽Σܾˣջſʣ֮ǧչĿǰҪ˵ҲǺҪһˡ
Ѷܾʵʵ˵
صĹջ˼ʮһûҪøǶԼ춼鲻֮İϢ˻ǲصùġ
Ҳ֪ϵʲôʱǲֺܶʹʮһԼ
˵޼ʮһŻҶɢźŵĹˣڵ˿յϢˡ
ѶȼٹЩʱӦ͵ˡŮѹֱһָ̧ͷ˵䣬Ҳǫġ
Ϊûʱ͸ˣת˲ǧ꣬Ҳǧꡣ
֪ÿζôҲû
˱ۣʵ޶˳ͷۣҪ֮ڵûȤһɱ޶ˡ
Сӣܵ޼ſ˵ҪҪ˻ôģ
ﱾ㣬Եͷ֪֪ʿ˼ٴ򻹲֪ڵﻹҪ캰
֪㱾ֻһʱ;
һʱ룿֪˭ħ棬ʮһ
֮ǰһǸˣ޶˲ܡ
Ц˭
֪˭ҿԴ̤;ġ޶ĵ
ʿֱٵĴ֣еοعˣҲû޶ˣֱָָε
ӳȥ
ӳȥҲУ޶޼ſ·ĲֹǴˣ޼¡
㱻޶˷ʹֵĴְӻصˣʪĻĥ޶˵Ķ־Ĩ޶һʿˡ
²ٲ޶˸޼ܴ󲿷˶ҪѱĴڵѶ飬ᶨǵ̫ǿ
Υز˵ΣŲÿеˮֻܹϯڿյη޶ʮǱֻ˫ۣþˡ
ˡ
Ϣﶯ˶ָŵ޶˾ôɿˣҲӦ
뿪ˣ޶һϲ
ڵˡɫһ䣬˭ҲûʸȰƣ㲻Уκ˶С
޶Ǳקǰߵģ洺йһѪԣѪֲ
޶˵ߣĬ˱䣬ֱǰĴ䳰ֻ·ͽ޹ʲô
ÿ˶лģⲻûֻ·⡣޶˼ᶨɲĵԼᣬڰҲӰ첻˵ġ
ʵϣȷʵҪ
޶˳ǱײüǲµģǴҪǰŪˣ͵ڹȻô
á޶˿Ŵҡҡͷν㲻ɱҵġ
㻹䡣ޱ飬ûһöʲôɲĻƭԼˡ
ҲǴӣ־ڴˡ޶˷
ʲô
ɹơ
Цˣû¥ʱҲû޶ô޼ʱĲмһЦϲ⣬ϷԶ
ʲôң
Ҳ֪Ҿܶ㡣
ӳȥ
޶˵ڶʮߴαӳ޼챻ӳĵˣ֮Ķ˵Ǵˡ
Ҳģ޶˶޼յĴһ
ûκλӦ
ǰı׳Ĭãǹ֮ϸŶٵһǧǰԼ֮һղͲ
Ҫв븲޼˸ۡ
ǧǰһ޼˺˷˻ס׷ЩΪɱѪ·ˣ
˵ͬΪ콾ܣΪһ˸ˣԣΪ˸ء۵һȣּڱ֮һУ˵֧ǧأ˭Ҳù

 59 


ȥС£ﳤ϶ܷģ֮ͬˣĪӧʦĶ࣬Ұɣ˵Щóأ
忴Ī˼漴ŵá
ƾҲҪͬȥˡ
޽˵ҲҪȥܾˣ޽ʦ֣ȥ޶ʦֻڵģȥܵġ
Ŷ޽Ʋ֣ʦܱӺʹʦֱΪߣȥ޶ʦܣܹûġ
һȺʿҪװ绹Ҫģ綫䣬ɫΡ
ҪҪݣ۶ϣʮڣݸ״ݾߡ
ʮǿӳݵĴڣﻯλݶӲһգһˣֻŬ͵޼Ҫ𶫾ע⣬Ȳ˵ܴܲ޶ˣܻܲ߳Ǹ⡣
ħ޺һˮݡ
ǧչٹֹƸ죬δҸôڵһ
֮ӴǳɫΣĪƴڼֱӦ֣ݴѹôһ˿󣬶¸߹޶ϣ˷˿ٰһ˫ۡ
ħ˵ӡ
ʦ塣Īֹ
ţ
ͻȻ̫ˡӦͶħµģϢһеʡ
Ҳˣ£ƫʺɫҪٹЦЦСʵʵķˡ
˵ʲôءĪƶ䣬Ա壬⴩ҲӰȻлôģôôȥħϸ
ĪͷʦǾðɣʦккͣ۾һͨħˡ
κкͲ˰
һ˼и߹ӵĻҵشҲˢһˣĴһڹؿڣЦģҲûһ߹˸ҷġ
Ⱥߵʾĵݣǧչɱ۶˭ǡ
Ū˶ͨ뺣û뵽ؾô̼ɱعء
²ϻƽȵúܣֻ˶ңЦŵͨ뺣Ŀ
һЦҲЦտزһ죬Ӱģû뵽߹ض׶׾ôƷġ
ɨ뺣̧ۿ򶼴˶ҵһˣ˵ǣ
ĪƲ廰ⶫﷱæӦǲע⵽Сġ
𣿡Ц
ǡһû治ɫ
ϾòƽƽǼҲһܼţС⣬ǹȥɡĪƲ廰
òƽƽһ飬òƽƽֵܶԼ֪ǲʲô⣿˵˲̫ΪǣǾͣ˵еȥɡ
ô׹˹صһ˽ãȻĪô˵˵ҲУ
ħõں棬˼ĿջͶޣҹ룬ջˡ
ۿ̩ȻģҲֻ˵һ䣬Ȼڲͬ
ڷϣʮ򶨵زŷмһľݱ˱ְ̧ۣĪƴӷԼࡣ
Ϊֹˣ붯棬ֱ崫ֹ˶ħޡ
ħûΪá
Ǹϲ²ؼ߸߹
һȺһȦʲôӰǴ񣬶Īһɣ׼˯
ʵȻúϢһӺ˴ʱֶףħǻ౼ӴܣĪŸͱ᾵·
⾵ӱ滹ÿ
ðڲǹľӺòÿʱ
ĪƵ͵˿ֵסֿ֣л˵
ҪҲأζ
Ǿͱ˵ĪֹûôǷˡ
ܾû˸Ҹô˵ˡЦһֱĪƵķʮ
ڲˣĪƳӣ˵һνӵһ䡣
ߡѺáͷס˵ľȴǱɫзܶ϶ץĪǧչƲþ֮ϾԾΪȿ
һĪƵľ룬ƫЩţþ֮⡣
һ֣Īٹƣ붫ҲҶĹء
ֹƣҲǧչ˵óˣֹҪƣǿ˵Ǻˡ
λҶɱ֮ҵݹǧչ顣
ǴֻΪر֮ˣ⣬ġ幰˹֣þ֮ǹصģǲ֪ĪƲʲô˼
ΪǣҲ̫ԡ
ؾߣɢǣסڵӵǧչҲѸȥֻʣڵԡ
֮ʵԻãҲ֪޼ʲô̡
ľӻصǧչͱ׸ѹѹϥһȥ˸ֱɭĻΪⳡһֹ졣
һݣ棬ͷŲܽˡ
ջת
ôҡһЦȷʵֹͦģǣһ򲻹ֹջʵʵɡ
ôҡջƱ磬ʾ̰ǵ˽ǵȥ̶侲侲Ҫǻ侲ȥعһˡ
⡭һ죬ֹٹ治һǳ𣬲ܳû۸ֹٴҲֵˡ
ձѹȥֻ޴ĺŲ߽˵УջûθһƬ
Ǻǲ˲ջµ֣Եӡ
ȺΡʹϮջǰüͷû
ڵ£ѹѾã˵ǼųЧǺġ
Ǿٵȵȡ
ջģҲ滪еС׹ȻһڣԭɽҲӰ滪ϹС
ջģٹɽȴǸҳϣҳ϶Ǹջҷġ
ɽ岿һֻҰǣֹһ͸ùǣ̧˿ҧ֡
ֹһЦ˦˹ɽһơ
ѪֹɽҲƺۡ
ֹЦ}ǣ˦˦׹ɽ֣˵ţɱ˰ա
Щôֹջ˿ڡ
ǾֹûǾʹӦˣӹ˲Ѫֻô䣬û˲ɣ
֮չֵ쾡£ٱջ߹ɽʱֹ˵˾䣺ԺΡ
ǳбǹɽֹĵһӡ
ջֻǹֵĮЩֹ粻񾭲ԱߣûжԱȶ޷͹ջˡ
֮ɽջģԵǣжĽջжֹ
ǧչ֮ˣɽΪݿΪǧչ¡

 60 


ǧչһҵı߳ʱǣҼŻգǧչڶ֪ôһһѵҲˣҲµͶ޿ջˡ
Ӵҹû£Īֻһ·ʵˡ
ĪԼЩҹ䣬ĪƲԾߴ˴գС˾䣺ʦ𣬶
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Īƽҿֱֻֽ棬ݱٹѾãǸ˭׼ĲԶ
ллʦ𡣡Īһůűо˶ڴĵӡ
ĪƲǵԼʲôʱ˯ȥģǰϨ𣬶ľݺһֱû
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ϵǣһ·ϣɶҲûţȥǧչ˸⣬һ·ֱƽùڹˡ
Īǧչке뷨
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ƶ֣ѰţһͿȥĪƱ߱ƣ޼λлӻһ˻治һˡ
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ۣʲôʱŪѽĪһΪš
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Īüһֹǧˡһ˼Ǩأ
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Ҫ룬Ƶñ˭ڴĦģҪʵȨҸ²ǶһͿء
ĪĬĬ죬ҲڷλΨоݿ˵˾䣺ǰļעһ㲻ġ
Ͼ޼ħҲǽ֮֮սһ
Ǵӳߵĺҹģǰ·ΪŢֹסһ˲ӣĪƱ£˼ֱ䳱ʪ
˵ɡбĪֻ̧ɫԶЩľĬŷ˲ʱ򵥷󷨡
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ǰŹ£ҲӲµո
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ⲻһôٹվǼǹġЦջģջֹɽٻʱ˱Դһ֮һ֧
ջۣʱкѪֱֹɫĺԾڲƤ֮ϣҪƵġ
ڲϵɫЩ漴һ⣺ҵģô
ˡĴ
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ⲻǰô
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Ǻܵ͵ķ֦ͷˣѣʸҲУΨһùȥʱԹٿ࣬ѧкͲֶκ˳˳ˮһͿʼˡ
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᪲Ҫ
СҪʲôʲôԽãԽҪᪿͷúã̵ĴСƢԣЦӲ
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һŮŮ彿ݣŮ滪ᣬúģɴŮ˸޸ֲͨħޣôܲ
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һп᪴ǧչץ˲ٵͽɢ޸᪣Ҳֻ᪳ɾ͸ЩϿɾ
ûȵ죬ްˣе岻ʹϸ΢չ
ҲԼĴ㣬Щ거ϥӭϣΪľһյ߱ϲˣ˭
б֮ʱרҩǽΣΪɣ꣬òֶ֮ε˹
֮滪Ǹģܴ˶ֻʣеĵֶ᪴á
׻˵ʳӣҲȷʵûŪ⺢ӣֻȡ绪ˡ
иҪ£񹦡
ʳ˹ӹȻҪпĶ᪹࣬Ҳ̲Сħǧչͼ
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ȥ©ٳ˾ҿĺĺãһֵνħ
ֹʱֵģֻһֶûУʿĺͯƫڳ˵ĹϺݾ
᪵һע⵽ֹΪɱϵãһͯȻ֮ӡ
ѡ̳˲ǷҪԼѪģο绪©ļʮ˲ʺϼ̳ǧչӡ
ֹλ־ͬϵļ̳ˣֻһأס绪ɡ
û䡭ģʱ֣һ֮׳ǧչ½ʱĺֹҲ֮ҡ
ģֹһû¡

 61 


Ī䣬ϥ񣬾˵ʲôǼž֮µӣĪƫ˼΢
ʦ𣬺ȡ
ʵ֤ĪûֻʣС⣬ʪ͸Ǳ
Ӱ˻ȡůĪƳⶶˣ˾䣺㿴е졭
ļˣ嵹һϳˡ
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С¡򴽣Щӿܣʲô
ʲô֮أӲ᲻֪ܺԶС
ҡ㣬˶Ǿĵģһݿ˿ڣļֻʣһˣ޴ȥֻⶫˡ
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վڷ˼ļƳȥû˻д
ҲֻʣһˣüӲ£û뵽һӭŲҰ
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˲Լͬһƣܵͷû
Ҫǻ𣿡̾˿츳úܺˣֻϧΪǰ£ô³
ܻûӦĪȴ͵ؿ۾̵ֲֻͷȥ֪ô⻰飬һͣȷʵֵͬ飬츳ҲãʦȥҲûԭΪ仰ʦֻһ˵ġ
ȥҧҧҾڶҲٺ͵òȻαΪġ
αӡԣֶһʧ׵᲻𱸵˼
һʱڿ죬侲ҲԾôԾô˵žһݣλʦо֮ұðɼĸ֮ľҵϣ
ԭΪȵĿףĸӻõģزסٶĽǮҲûá
ʬһ餣û˿Ҳû˸ĸЦ˵ֻҪ¹򣬾һײġ
ܲ򣬱ݺһߣһţˣһСܺɽɵ裬ֻһλǧǰȥȱﾹҲð
ŬģҲ˸ļһλʵȨкɽɵˣССආʲô
˵ȥȥ޼ȱǰĵطֻ޼ǵЩļҵĺã޴ȥ
֪ܲ޼ĶҲ֪޼ʲôˣãħպϣҲףЩµӵܣɱģ餶ϸ
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ллʦ塭ִܲٲ˲ᣬ˼ˣλʦִΪأ
ʦֻڡԼࡣ
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ҲҪȥǶһԼĵһϢ
С
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ʲô޶һ㶣ԺúȺûԸҪǴԼڶˡ
ͬʦֵˡظһ飬Ȼ޶ϯ֮һͻȻһﲻֵǮô¡
ðһûɻء޶˰˰֣˵Ȼ
˺ü¾ֻûѪĴɫһ䣬㻹޼ʲôʱ򣿣
㱻лƵʱ򡣡޶˿
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ⲻ治ڵ⡣޶˼һ£Ŀδɣǲߵġ
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У޶˴ΪϽһ뵽ܶɹƣҾͺܿġ
ңֻ𣿡ٸԽѿ࣬ľǹ˹ָ޶˲ڻеӾ䵽ȥӵĶôʲô
޶һʱȻŴӣҲҲԼɡ
¶ƳЦ˵ʿ㵽ҵģǡ
ʲô
ϲˡ֣ӵ˵ȥ
޶һǰĻңüʲôϲ
ϲǻǣƣ跹˼һֻ뱼ǰЦϷʣɣԽӰôܰһŮء
޶ȻЩϣ󵨶ԵµëͷСӡ
ʵҲˣʦû̹ʲôϲԽӲҪֶſɻ޵ķ֧ûУϹۣԽĵǽȢģǲҪ¡
ϲ𡭡֪
޶˱һʣưˣҲѰ˾Υʣ־޶ܻǮˣô֮һϯӣӦܻٵİɡ
뷨˾ǵʱǸçײ˳ڵϾͳһݣļӵܿ빬
һʲô
ӵܡû
ġϣ楡
ǧļȻ˺һ楣ǸŮӣʮһ楡
楺Ψһ֤ˣҲ楺۰һƣʮһұͻ߰ɡ
楺ΪһѪ·
¸ǧ꣬һл÷ա
֣ۿһˣǣʲôֱ˵ɡ
極屲ôܲܡ
һ״ǣΪץвģҡҡͷֻǺĵͬ·ˣ⡣
ô𣿡ﲻţʾȴܽȥ
ʵˡòǴֻΪ޶ʦ֡
Ǵ߰ɡ˻֣ӵ޶˾ͱ˳޼Ĵʱպϡ
⽻Լ򵥣ʲݣԵԽϯӺֵܲǮ
ʮһôˣ

 62 


Υļʦֺʦܣ޶ȴԼжˣĬʵûа᲻𣿡
ʦ˵޼ȷʵûСĪ˼һ£޶ԥĶֱֻϲձдϡ
᲻أ
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ġ޶üͷһ壬ٸĪƽԴյǶȥˡ
޶ֹ˺þòſʵʦܣ˵ϲһˣʲô飿
ĺĺء忴һ¡
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𣿡޶룬ɲȷԼǹҵǶɻﻹǴ˵ġϲˡ
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һ㶣ãȻ濴޶ˣ϶𸴣ᡣ
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޶üǲôȷƺҪԼģ˵ĶԣҿǣԽϯ
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Ů޼еѯļҵ£ļֻʣһʱĬ˺ܾãôҲ˵
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һỤģޣû㡣ȥ۽ۣӴԺ޼ٹܡ
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áջӦ£滪ʹ˽ţܶô𣿡
ڡܾɫһ䣬첦ôǮ滪xһ¸ڸɾ¡
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ӺʯͲһǰɣܾ
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Ҳ滪ߺݲӹ޼ٹܵȫϣôٶȹɣ
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޼ҪٹǿԾĴ£ϾӹѾõʦǧ޼ĴӣΪһΪ˶׬ǮתͶħ޵ʦźӺٺЦ
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Ѷջ˼ҲǸޣ񲻸պÿԴôܾȥǧǶ¯޼֮ϲĺ񡣡
ǡܾӦ¡
ǧĶʦȤĲֹħޣѵһ˵ľҲܺǧһˣطʦʱʱǹţǹܽĸ֣x
ʱǧһ˵Żҡȣ˵ţǾôˡ
ȴ⣬ûܲµóǧչܾƫ˸࣬һ˫β´񵥱Ƴϰֹϸ
ĪŸͦվһߣ·ժҰӣͬŶԣҲֻԸˡ
ĪƿҶͬһȴܾ뿪ǧаݷǧ
ǧ緢һˣ߽ˣҲֻǵһЦǲõġ
ĽǰѾãֻݷһð֮⡣幰˹֣˵Ǵʦ֣Щ滰˵ݲʺϽֳ滰Ҫǻܱܿ
ʲôðݷõģҲǸĴˡǧۣҪģǲӵġ
ǧչǧ㶫֮һǲʿοڹڶŵˣæ
ΪβӣĪζ˶˵ǧȲŵҪ
ǲǶ˰ɣǧʡ
ǰγԣһαװûλİ
ȣħ޻еġǧžЦҡҡͷ޶ˣǵ˰ɣ
ǰô֪޶˲㶣ô
Ҳֹ֪ǵˣһóǽްɣ齣ģָָ̌ݣ漴һתҿ̫
ɫ䣬òع˹ǣɢޣҳݡ
ҲǡĪƾ˾еһӡ
Լ˵ˣǧԵã꣬˵ı»еġ
ǰ߼⻰ӵȻȻûǧԴ޵ĳӡ
ǰĲִټǧĻϾţ˵ǻЩ뿪ɣҪˣΪͬǵȰ档
죿
޼Ҫٹˡ
ȥ޼ϲ֮ǰܾ˸ȻǧչҪȥЦȡ
˸Сˣ㣬ûиϡ
ջûӦ
ܾ˼һ£һԵģЦ𣿡
㿴飬Ц𣿡Цգգۡ
һֱ飿֪ԼҸ̱޶ܾһ죬ΪǺܽЦĺðɣ
ҽĵﲻЦˣ
ʵϣǧչȴ滪ʮԱ˶רҵѡ֣ٺЦ´˵ЦմϱߣܾЦˡ

 63 


˳Щ鶼޶ˡ
ڶӣջھͱ𼱻Ǹϻĳ˹˽գԻ˼ⱻȳԼڻطף
ǻװʵʵ˵ӷĪƴҴҸȪ˾ȥʱʦȪ˳ˡ
Ĳɣ˺ط˶ڣϵȪ˱ӭһºܾûͽܣ˾ĪɫѵãžԼʰ
ӭʦأλʦþòݹ˹֣ĪҲˡ
°ɡȪ˿˿ڣҲûĪûض¡
ʦֶⶼˣͽôûطֱڿ죬һ仰ɹñͲôõĳΧӽ֣ңţʦֶû֮𣿣
ط˱ʾ𾪣һԵ˿Ϸ˵Ψʦɫѡ
޼˵Щû˰㵱ưͣȸȥɣٽǡȪ˴ԼʦʦãſԶ˶ľݣʣˣû
ãǵĪƲڡ
ͽܡûԱ粵
ޣ֪Ľ鿵˸ˣƺڣδ棿ԸݣӲһвͨȪ
ҵͽܣҪϿɲɣ
ʦҲͬأ
ʦͽܣݹȱᷢӡͽܣҸöġ
Īһﲻֻͷ͵ͣʵҲؽʹڸУȪ˾ûڵ˹
ӲвͨȪһ죬ĪƿžݴӦͽͽģǧûϵݻôĪơ
Ȫ˷Ŷͷ侲һ£˸˵ͽܣ״ӣ״ӣΪʦҡ
ݳĬһ˲ϴμȪ״˲ҲֱӲء
ҡʶȥһĪƣֻ˵һ൱ˣһ˫۱ɢµסߣʼû˵һ仰
ٿǿǰɣʦ𡣡վȪ˰˰ݣͽиˡ
ȵȡȪ˽ͣͽߣһЩ˽Ҫ㽲

ĪûߣվȪ˾ԶԶǻıؾ֮·ϵžݣͽʱ̧ۣỽһ䣺ʦ𡣡
ȥɡ̾
ʦ˵˷أһ棬αչس񾳣ɹʣģֻǷĲ¾˸Ͼͽܡ
˵·ôߵģޣϣΪʦġ
Ҫͽ𣿾ûá
ĪҲ룬ȥǰȪһƾѵĻ˵ޣѰĵ
ʦĵ֪
ʦ𣬴ǰҽڣҲɣĪ׽˾һƷͻعߴˣСĵһʣĪþݲһ˿ί
á
ĪӧҪĪŪ棬Ҳ̷⣬͸ͭȥĪƵĶ
ʦ㲻ʺϺɫĪƿžеľ˵˾䣬ü£ˣoӦƼ£˼ɫմȾ˵ġ
ôݲô⣬һ֯췻Ķһ֮Ĺ²ƶΪûעԼʺʲôɫ
ʦ㻹ĺáĪžɢķᣬڣ͸˫ĵɫֻ˵ɡ
һٶۺܻĪľݣһ˲ȴȻĪԳסĪ󣬶žĪƽӲݣ֪ѾܾûЦˡ
û˭˭ĵֻϲ벻ϲԸ벻ԸԸΡ
˾Ī۽΢˵һʱߣò˵˾䣺Բʦˡ
ת̧ۿĪƣΪʲôҪǸûжԲκˡ
ûá㱻Ī򴽣ʼûݡ
ûУܺáݲء
ĬķΧ˼ֱĪСƣԣʦҪµ𡭡ᡭλء
㲻ˣвĪɫԣָ̧ĪƼձʱһʪ⣬һ٣ôˡ
ΪΪʦءĪ͵̧ͷֱݳͷߡ
˵ʵ
ҡĪһţҲ˲ּЦġ
ҴӦ㣬ֻһͽܡɫ䣬̧ĨȥĪ۽ǵᣬ˵ţѹˣԡ
ǿ̵ھݸŵһ˲ŷĪƵͷ˾ݣԴ˾磬͵ʦ𡭡Բ𡭡
ĴĪƺ󱳣Ȼ˴˾һ䣬ڵ᲻ã岻ǻһʯô
⡭
ȪҪչسǿɴҲС£ѡһдӼ򣬱չǰֻۼʦʦúͽܾݡ
ˡˡˡطˡĸˣټ鿵ۡ
ްˣȪʵúơ
ˣͽֻһͽܡݴüᶨ
㡭Ȫһ죬ǽʦʦ׼ɫͽܵģʲô̬ȣ
ʦ֣侲侲æԲж︣
ҲǣҲСˣԼľϣʦ㲻عֲ͵ġ˰ǻ
һ˵ʲôʲôط˸ǻ˵Ķԣ
˺˿ڲʾ뻰⣬ձԼ״ǺȪ˵ġ
ˡԼ˵˾ݣȪ̾˿Ҵ˷׼δвأǶҪúðޣ
ʦ࣬˷ȶɻӻڡ򴽣ôȪ˵ֲĻ
ʦ㾡ܷĴ󵨵ضɽȥһءطȭһᶨ
ԣءһЦ˺ͷǿ
Ȫ˾ΥЦЦͬţ֮ҡ
Ϊͻƻ׼ܶˣҲûʮɵİնɽٳɹ˶ɻٶǰôɵģҲ˭˷һɽʧ˻һڡ
ֹԪӤĶɽٻߣõɢ
þѹʮΪ¾ݶɽиʧ񣬵ȪҪԽˡ
ʦʦǵ˱Ȫ˾һˣԼųͽܣǹ£Ȼ鿵ͽܣȪţǶɽʧҲ޺ˡ
ɽǰҪһ¡
˵һգû·ԵУȥˡ
䣬ŻѪµĺ·
ϣȪҲȷΣ۵ʲôزֻҪλǰϳأһоͶлء

 64 


ǻĪƵĴɼҲˣȫͨϲձ
ƾҲڹˣ
ɼ˰ιӣһͬεľʦһ塣
ʱ㱳˵˭˭ͻͻȻ֣;ݲ塣
ȷʵءһЦ
ʦľзƾˣĪ͵صͷʾ͡
¡ЦǳǳƾĪȴǱһȻһ䣺´ξˡ
ǲ˰ɣľడʦ֡ƾһ죬ǹҿʣӵ֮ЩҲס
Ϊ£ʯҲ㲻ࡣ˵ţһྲľݴ΢䣬Ƿÿš
ƾ˰ֹ嵱ľ˵˵ǣ̧ʱֻλʦﶼЦһ̱ãˣʦ־ڶ档
ʵʦľҲû°ɣĪƽ˾䡣
ƾ⣬һѧǰɣⶼʲô°⡭
ˣЩʱճʥӻᵽڣʦƤЩת˻⡣
ţƾһʥӰûɣʥӵڣ±ʦľҿƿֻ˼ðɣ
ԣһģһжǲ֪ģסе˸εȦԼ;˷ָ
֪֮⣬˶ԳŵʶУԼŷ񣬷ǹϵʼ鿣ŷ
ƾԳŵʶҪȾЩĸǳ֪ʥԼͬҲ֪һԳƳʥߣﶼŹͨ
ûʥӲڼδ뼴ִڡݿ϶˵
֣׼ûˡ
ǡôܳƾһôȷš
˵ΪѰʥŮ岻ô˽ʥʥŮĺ塣
һֱʿУصĵ
ƾ˾Լͷ̾˿֪
ųûκƾҲ֪ƾ
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ڼδΪʥӣųһϮۿ磬ЬĥöЩˣͽĶ۶
ֹ֮ɲڼδƫ˼ʥ֮У治ԷΪʥߵĳŵӡ
ĪƱƾվںţŵƾƼ˲ڼδ鲻ɫһ䣬˳㱬˸ֿڣԲۣ˫顣
ʲôĪ
ʥӲǸһŵְǳءƾ˱ơ
Īһֱⳤŵö฻ǳҲϡ
ӦûûʦǮƾҰҰ죬Ȼڼδݸݲ࣬Ǯưɣŵ
𣿡žݰСĪһ㶣Īģе顣
ǿ϶ѽƾԶ۲ڼδŵӲнڣôŵܾʥӲ̫ԾʦֶҪȥ̽̽ף
ô̽ҹ̽ʥӾ
ǾǴ̿Ͷ顣Īƶ˼
ɴ߲Сڡ˶ƾͼ˵Īơ
Сʦ壬Ȳ˵Ǵ򲻴ùʥӣҪ±ʦ֪ǻᱻİɣ
ݺ顣
ƾ治ôĲڼδĿģԼһ˲ʲôʦʦְҺҲֻܴŵЩĪƸˡ
ĿǰǱлɹġ
Ĳڼδ뻹ûзǵķӦ
Ӻƾһ鲻Ҫ̫ᱻġ
һ˶Եڼδǰƾ˿ǰĲڼδɫƾˮ
ʦֶءƾ򶨡
һͬһλ
ԡ
⶷ת֮Żɡ
㣿
ģڵģҵġԤʥŮ
ͦͻȻĪƷӦʱѾƳüˣͣʱ˷˸һ͵ˮˡ
ۣĪĨ˰ˮ棬ⶨһһ
ʦ𡭡
ⷿͦʵĪƵɴۣЦ
ûЦɫйѡ
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һ˲Ī֣߱ߵǻǿҺʦҽͣ
Ҫġ
Īʪر˴ԡ˳¹ؿˣĪգգۣʲôҲû໣
治ǹġᡭԽĨԽڵĪĳ˷žһ죬Ͱ͵ʦҰɡ
ʲôᡣת˲־С
Һú·ϣͻȻһ硭زܸ߾ոƾʥǽĪͼϹ࣬һߴְϡ
ѽĪһʪ˸͸ͷϻˮôôǱ
һͣ²Ϊ
ţû´û´ΡĪСƵĵͷ
ʦ˵ʵ㳤û׳ʵӴ氤˵ĪǱܡ
ڶԲڴ˵ĪƼ˵һ̽ˣƾ
ƾͦˤĶȥˣôôأ
ײˡŬϿÿɷ۵Īƺʺһʣ
ײͷˣôһֱۣƾüоٽҽĪƿӡ
ⲻǷֻۣĪ˵ϡ
۽ǣǡƾ˳˸Ѷʦֶ׼ײˣռĪƱײɵ벿εƾٽҽ
ĪƳĬȥôţ룬Ĳ룬ʦԡ£ϻͷ
ײɵˣʱҽ޸ߡ
ûɵĪϾռ˾ݱˣڻ治ҸƤ
ҵģҵĴʦ֪֡ƾһЦһɨֹ˶ѣɶҲûɣʦ֣
벻ףĪ⵽ˤĶȥˣܰʦ־ˡ
Īƣ˺úͳɾСβˣݵĶĶſϿݿҲ
ҲֻͷӣݵӲ۵ףÿһ˲ľֹС
ʦ𡣡ĪȻս
ձʵһ٣ֻ̧ۿ
˵ÿ
ôһĬͷһαôĿŵ˵úãǺӲһ˫ۣӳŵĶ
ԡĪƵͷԴ˰ȥˡ
˵úѧϰ
ξݴû֡ĪǺᣬıӣӺʹ·ҲľĦһ飬Ƿ·Ħһ飡
ݳֻǣѸײڶ֮ưȥˡ
ĪƳӣҵͷӦţáúѧϰ
ӵľǣæұӵĪû

 65 


о죬г죬ڼδ˵ΪѰǳŵʥŮѾͽйʮˡ
ᶨݲ⵫ء
𣬲ڼδɬģ˵ڤڤ֮УѽҺʥŮᡣ
ƾޱţһ䣬ʥӺʥŮһʥγʥŮǸƷˡ
ųڣƾǵźҲδظϵûŵ£δм֪
곿Ĳڼδһۣ˵˾䣺ڵس
ƾ̵ع˹ǣݱһվȨôŬ߳ɲΪһ仰ʹȥġ
Ϊ˫ӣƸĸͳģԼӳģĽܰ˵ӳĻȥ
ƾûֻķų
˵Ҳ
Ժƾͳųͽܣڵĵӡ
ڼδһƵǰס
ʥӵִڵٺˣ˼Զǿֵһ
þòСʦá˼ԶЦģ
ʿƾЦ
һĪƳ˼Զ֣ƾСʦһֱϵܴ󰡣
Ǹöƾ򴽡
ͦϲ
ƾ룬ôĪƽͣⲻϲϷʣֻϲϷˣ˹ɵĸоˡ
ƾƴ񾭣ʵ仯úܡ
ôһܶӰĪü֪ʲô
Ǻǡƾ϶һ߻ƣȥĶĪơ
ʦǰ䵥Ͼڼδ˭֪䵥˻ʲô³
Īأ֤˼ԶǸöϷŪСʦ壬ʦ
һһ鿵ĪƼֱϣ
鿵أ˼Զսһȥ˲£
ݲᣬĪƵ͵س˱鵲˼Զǰ˼ԶⱾשġҩѧӼǡܽӴ
ĪЦó٣ʦûգҪȥϵ
а˼Զ߲ܡ
Īƾ͵ˡ
ϸƾ˼Զʲô˼伲ࣿ
ĪƲ˼ԶϺˢĻĵƣ˼ԶҪĻص㱣żһ𻵹ż»üĪϣ
㡭㣬ŰĪһ˼ԶĶòУΪгһ¡
Ҫš˼Զ̾˿Ƶؿйż
Īһ죬˼Զǿͣٵøȭ
Īƶȱȱ˼Զɺ棬ţϹûȤ𣿡
ûȤʦͽһ޵Ļش
˵ʼֹһأ
ĪԶ˼Զؿ룬Ŭϵ
ţ
㲻ȥ̯
ǣ˼ԶҲ΢ЦŰѹżŻԭλȥ벻ţҶԼ۶ϡ
񱾼͡עΪؼһλҲνʼ񣬺嵮ܵλҲû˭ܺĵλ
֪񻰴˵ǵҲûϹĴڡ
˼ԶôΪΪһħ֮սʼѳ֮ʼǺܹ󼰵ġ
οżǣʼ鿳Ӿ죬ԵΪͬһ
ǹʱֻغط˭͵ģ
˼Զţʱʼֻһ˶ôΪҲֻܳһޡ
˼ԶĥˣĪȫ̾ǣȻ󻻸ط
˼Զ첻ˣʱǻᰲмҲģ˵ΪʥӲڼδ룬ΪֹĪƶûҪȥݷ˼ҵӡ
ȳ˼Զһ˵Ļǣ޶ֵĶ
ʦڱ˼ʱˡĪƽ
ڱ˼޶ˣԼйˣֻǶɻŮʧܣʦôôһԲϾʯҷ˼״Ϊֹ˵Խɣˣ
벻ͨҲֻܼ˼ˡ
Īƺ˼ԶɢʱܳˣĪ˸䣬ȥŷЩزˣ·࣬þûúøٷˡ
Сþûã˲ǳǳĻңĪƲųߣ˼Щʲô
ʿǺ񶼲ôԻˣȻʦȻҪעһ㡣
Ī˻кˣ׵ԤȣõĵҺ¹΢кõ۶¹ŰС죬һ񶹸ˡ
СײˮϵõĽϣһСײʳ¯˳峴ع٣򵥵һ׼ˡ
ʦ𣬳ĪߺŰں˲ˣַкõϣǰµӣû뵽ͳһϣպøݷͶɹ
ˡݻжϻöֵ֪Ұժģܳԡ
ݰѹӵݸĪƣԥôһ˵ˣȱʲôʳģŷѰġ
ոĪץҵֵɼ伦ɹĳ棬ȫˣ˼ĪƵû˰ˡ
ƻõɼ䣬һСҴץֱҪ̫գһλĴܶ뵽һգеʥ徹Ȼ
Īһ죬˿鶹ʦ㳢ⶹ۵ġ
ԳˣĪƵĳջһĺã˵ķҲյøպãԱ֤ÿζʣ·ˡ
ʲôĪŸ벻Էݲɷʡ
ȡʦѽĪգգۣ¶Цó𣿡
óԡ˳Ȼ⻰佱ĪһضúóԷ
ĺҹݺĪԶͬžΥľףȻֻֻƬĽҲûʲôεġ
ݿųԶر·ĪƲ΢䣬ʱûĥĪϵ֣ԣʺңϧ޵
ơݼỽ
ţĪ̧ۡ
ڽôġ
һʦֻʦ𡣡ĪƴҲ׾ݵ˼ǾԲ̬Ȱɡ
ǣҳʦʮߣʮţʱ䣬ʦ̻ǰͬҲָһȫµ·ϻ˵úã֮
ʮţȻݵĹעɹĪƺòĳƪۡ
԰ĪƳͷ𣿡
ôСôҲ˵ͨˡףĪƹעԼͽܶûǡ
Ī֣ǿԲģɣҲûӵĸǡ
ûֻ֣Ӧţˣ´βǴġ

 66 


ڼδǳʥӣûʲôӣʱֻǴһĬоģ޷Уӵʱʧ˳Ѱˡ
Īƶλʥûʲôĸ룬˻ûʲôӴĽӴƾҪżϲڼδ롣
ڼδҲƾеɢȥˣڼδƾ˵ЩʲôƾɫÿҲû
ǲڼδƾ΢΢ͨ˵˾䣺ָټģҵ
ʲô˼ĪƱֳĬֻƾ
ڼδһߣ춼񾭽ƾŷֿĪЦЦ⼸ˣʦֶ
С¡Īưڰֱʾ⡣
УΪ˱ҵĸлҴɽȥɣ

ƾôһһҲһЩͬʦеԵʡ
ΪæĪƻ뿴Ӱˣƾ˵ɽСܺ棬ôûȥ˼ֱϧĪôһͷӦˡ
ڵһסĴڵ׾죬ǶڵĵҲŴڵ򣬴ǻᱻЩǵġ
ƾģĪҲ֪ļٵģԼɽȥʱžܸܵӵķΧˡ
ڶĪ˸磬ڵıƾǶߣɽ£Ǻȳġ
ʦֶ˳ɽߣһ·Ҳ˵ЦͻིһñһѺϣֱ;ݹƵɵͷֳ
ĪԼʱǲż˳ӰĪ̧ͷǴţ˵ţʦ壬ˡ
ɽµԵʣסǶһ͵̬зΧҲĺãС·߿ֻ̯Ҫ
ⰥճĶ⣡߹·ĶԶСĽĪͷֻԶտˮţǰ֮һС⡣
ĪƸն˵˼ƾѾһȥһֽˡ
ĪվԭĿɿڴƫƾ֣ʦֶϰ
ûŮ˹ֵĪƴʱ֪նȦֵĶһֳס·ߵᲱСʦ壬ЪЪ
զ°ʦֲ˵ͦ𣿡ϻڳŵƾ⡣
ֻû̱˵Īһ죬ֱؾƾһֹ뵽ҪʦصֻĬĬ˿ڣҾЪһ
Сƾͷ˸³ĵضԶһȺ壬ɹ̱˵ĪƿǣֻĽ
ԸһȺͷ壬Ҫƾ֡
ȺǵҲ
Ҽֶֻ
ҼҶһͷ¿ֿ治Ǹ
ѽֻ˩ţȮ;Ͳˡ

ƾȤҧ˿ϵǺ«ָɽ·
ͶĪƽӻΪڵһ֮ºڸԼڷֲô
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ֲڵؽ磡

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óԡףֱĪƵ˼õӡ
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⳴ӣ㡣
ĪԼԺͶιʦ飬˵Ҳӳóԡ
ϧⶫɣһֻｫʱУЩõȵ붬ͱѩˡ
ɽӣԱ㣬ƤһĽų죬ȼ˿̼Ҳ䣬֮ĺ
Ҫͷһᣬĵ˹ĿǰһţһһӵŻ˶Сҧӣû֣
ǣĪ˵ĺۼüʣʲôʱŵģʹ𣿡
ӵĪƶһ٣ָ̧һСڿŵӱȥžһЦǰһյݸǰȥ˵ţʦ𴵴Ͳʹˡ
Χȫ̵ıɽĿɹǰɣô˻ʦ֪ߣ鿵ıԿ϶ᴵĶ԰ɶ԰ɣ
ȻͿһͷĪϵָϴ˿˵ţԺЩ
Īһ죬Цøɵˣã
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һ죬ţȫûʶǵĶʲô𣿣
û¡ҲпɰСĸǸëģĽˣ

 71 


ĪȥϿλЩʱգΪһĪָԸĴ
ĪûֶһЩʽоģģڣֲʹֻ֣ҪݱĪƾԼӮĻġ
˫ײʱ죬ܹĪƺɨһƣȴһҲûĪƸоԼơ
ƹװҲûӰ쾰ʽĪѸһһΪ˲ˣҲ˷ֲͬǸĪƴսˡ
Ī׽žݵĽƣʱһԾ˾ȥκξݷӦ죬ĪһѸ˼ľ롣
ĪԾԺɨʤ߶ԣҪõѡ
Īƾʱ˱ԵĽԶĪǱı飬Ȼǲġ
˽򵥳Ľʽ㣬ǲѧʶҪĽƣҲ㲻¡
ĪŽ͵̾˿ˣ˭Ҫһ佣ţǴ򲻹Լʦ
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Ҫ򵥸Ǳ뾭ѵħߡ
˷޽ߣû뵽Ӽлͦϲ
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޶˷˲豭ὣ£ֹԩ޳𣬸ºιʰڵɵӡ

 72 


˵˿ͨԴ龰ȴǲŲæչһҡص˵𣿡
뾭ѵ֮ͽΪ޽ȡ޶ɨ˵еӣһ۾ͿԶ϶˷ǷƷȻҡڵͨȷ磬ӣ˵ûô򵥡
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ǰǵȻûԺ˷º֣Ҫɱģ˼ֿ󿩡˵һ֣˼ά߼һ飬治һĹ޶ˣ޶⻰Գ©
ߣ޽᲻ú˷ţ֣֮Ĵ
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ǮˮԾزҿţܡ
ѾԶ˵޶ˣ滪һ˺ܾãǾúһݣϾǱע飬ڲʱôˣӦòмٰɣ
һС޶˾Լˣϲһˣøԣ
ٿⱾ˷ˣ뾭ѵҲôЩġ
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˿̣ջǳǱ뱱֮ڵĴﻹ֪ԼҪʲô
Ⱥ飬籸ͨ˵ǣʱգ¿ŹڱѰס

йߵʹϽҲϾԸѰõı
ѾȫԸǸˣԼҲѰʱ˵Լʲô飬ϲ֮أƫŮ˳Ⱦȡ
Ҫǣôƫģ¥Ůӣ˭Ҳ

 73 


Ѱ޶ټѰͷۣͨصĸû޶˵ĳ¼ҪڱڣѰҲǸ¡
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ɽ⵱צӣֲǹ
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ѭʱǡ˦䣬ˮָòϣЦģһһЦϡ
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ңûС޶˲˵ѣҲûҪҲ磬ֻ˽ٸˡ
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˷ӦٶЩϲôãҪö˲ź֪϶˵ˣĲ֣ƫƫ֪ôĺϲ
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ǰȻۣǳ͸ιǣǴﺬῴʣ㵱ΪҲɱ㣿
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û˵ҪȢңƾʲôߣˣ˵ϲ˲ЩվŮ¿ݹǣɴûˣû˵ҪȢ
Բ𡭡ѹ𣿡޶ü۵۲زס֣Ѫ±ߣ޶˸оƵģ̧Ĩȥ۽ۣ˵˺òãҲ˵ˣ޵Һۡ
ϲЦŭǣ˵Լô̲סοˡ
ⱲӶᰮģİɣ޶ˡ˽۽δʣеûһҲٿ޶ˡ
˽ת˲ߵ޺ۼ
һ룬޶˿Ѫ˲ӿ˳ɫһףŹȥƫûֹסѪӿ
Ǵĵڶľϲʵܶ࣬ܶһΣһνȫһΪۣ㲻ΪҲȨΪɡ
޶ҰοһЦ滪ôûһԸİĽأ
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ҩס޶Ѫ˿ڣϢȵô˭˵㡭
޶˵ʵм˵
޷ġ޶һʧ˽࣬뾭ѵʦӦá

 74 


ڽ֮˾ǳˣˣӲҵ޶ǰ˵ҪݺʰСӣڼ޶ˣ˭Ҫż
ʱס޶Ѩ˻ڴƣֻʣҹ¹۲ŵϵѪոշ޶ˣ·ȾѪȥҲûֱӶϸ¹۲ˡ
޶˵ոտˣûҪѨλֵ߽˿ǲҪ޶˵ģ޶ǷӦǰû
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֣Ȼ֪Ҳ£ʦҲʦ𷣡
ȻԳӣ˳᲻÷޶˵ġ
Щط֮ԣ޶Ҫ˵ö࣬ʦʵ⻤ģųѪԵʦͽϵøˡ
ųһֱϲСʼʦͽĲΧһȻԼòã̶Ա˺ܳһʱ䡣
ʱųڣѧֺʦʦ㣬ǵĿκѧʶ
żһ˵ųˣĻаҵӵķǣСʱվڽһԣʦ˵ʲôҷǣʶ𣬾ѾǸ¶˰
ҲӲĳЩʦʦ㡯ϲԼֻϲƯĳˣɳúòҲ
Ӳ˸ǰޣų£ǻ޵ģҲͬ˵̬һˣֻЦޡ
һᣬ붼Ϊݻˡ
Ц˵ģֻΪ
ų˺ݻػʦɡ
ųħΪ飬֪߳ܡ
Ҳҵľ갡ֹסʮƬֽƴԭ
ԺͲٻųˡ
ͽ͡
˶Ψݻأ֪ϲŭ֣ҪץסĹ⣬ôˣô˶Ҫµ
һأκ˵ջġ
лѪµ˿ּȾѪ渴ԭػ׷Ƕȥ
޶˽Ӹ³˷޶Ѻտڲ̸˭£Խϯ֮λ˵²λ
޶˰չͽܡⷴڣ˿˲٣ʦְ˴ź㡣
Ҫ˵дʦҲдĳ˷ʥ޹ʦĲ㣬Ҳ£úõҳͽܣԽӵĴʦ֣𣿡
޶һʱۣҪֱ˷û˵ļ簴˻ȥǺúˣҪЩˡ
ʦˣ˵
*****
ǧչ
þò滪Ц
׵ջȻ˹棬滪֪˰˳ûʲôջϲŭҲǺ龰¡
޼Ҳȥˣûɡջ˵˼һ仰
滪һ㶣ôɣ
ȷʵûţҪˣҪܾܳȥ
޼˭ǧħ棬ħޡͳһĶŮ˵٬֮ˣ滪⿴˾˼˵ӣñͱԴ
ٹعǰϱˡջû˼滪ϲأջ˾ܾ
õġൢ°ܶϰԽгܶ滪ĿڣܵҲæĶ԰ɣôˣ鷳
ϣǿܡܾ
ҿллˡ滪ҧллֵ
л޳̶ܳȴδ滪ܾԵȻ
滪ߺߵˣջϾ£𣿡
ˣӣٲ˸ЩСġ˴֪ĳЦżзʱɱ֮Ҳƿصģܾ˰ƣֹ޼ɵ׬ǮﶼУΪþ֮зء
ħһѭǿΪֻҪһ˹ǿ˵ʲôǶԵģôֹѹģⲻе˼ͲʱС
С˼ֹҲֹںòãҲңֻҪǵ۶ܷΧڣһǲܵġ
չҪĥһĥġջǲֹֻһҲν˷Ͼǽڱ£Ҳ˵ڵǱ츮ջ
˲δ츮ǧչҲǻʮֳɹ
ͬߣ֮ͬ츮ջΪ棬Ϊڣǧչ෴ʢòֹСҹ䣬Թڳ
ߣ츮Ǹҽߣû˻ΪһҽܳΪǧչ֮ף֮ͬνر
˵ΪǱ򷢳˶ֹҵ¶ԲԼȻڶջ¡
磬ȰѸ̣ø滪ƵģµĿԣѡ˷ջѹԼôջֹܱ𿩡
·ͨٻ·ӡ
磬ѱˣĺֹҲջܾһôɵ˵³滪ⱻܾϺ׷ծСǮûµ³ʱ븴ơ
Ǯƣ·һҲвͨļٵԽԽֱѸԺҩݶͺ࿩
ǣ滪ƤﶼҸʵ£ҡ
ջˣ׶ŭǲƽֹǳ𱨸ö࣬ջҲԵջ˺Ƣرˣ˭֪һƽӲŭʲôء
˼˴޶ûʲô÷ӣԱһƣ˯
һɣ뵽һ£ڶŵģջǣǲǿԣһ򲻽ŮɫҲɫջҥֻߣܵ˶ĵطһôôÿ
Լݵһ֣ͻȻʧЦЩ¶ջӰ񶼲Ӱջ£Ҹɡ
˿˯ˣ´ȥһϽ⣬ϰΪıջǾҹ뻹ڴġ
𣿡ľ׮ƵöǰһƷ
ϴ´ӲۣҪҲЩΡȻ治ǣ滪ľͷ
ҹģû˿ţ񡣡ķֳ˱ջϵ鿴µĳ̶Ҳ;ųɾš
һŷÿҳбעҲûעɶȫڸĴ֣һЩҩ֪ʶĴ޶
һ飬ԭλȥ治ջֱʣô˿ôֺǵĴ֪ʶ㡣
鲻ڶ飬ֱظģǸһɫˡ

 75 


ʱڷɪ;ԼһȰȰ޶ȥδܵ췣ȥˣؽɡ
޶˴˷ΪΣ֪࣬ҲֻԴˣΪ󣬼н⣬Ȼڡ
ݵߣֻ̾޶ִ̫ˣ¶Ҫ̽
˵ִʱ޶˶ţݸһѣ޶ˣա
ȰʦδȾ˷纮
޶˹һɫ紵ò԰˲٣˴ӦܷʦֺʦܲȰҡ
̾˿ǲ㣬ʦҲ㡣
Ǵ޶Ǿܾ˽Ҵ˽ɽ͸ܷ
ϵۣˣڷԼҲҸйڣ޶˿ڵʦֺʦܻȻȥɣʱˣȻ
ĩķ紵ҶƬ޶࣬޶ãֿ˿λãݣˣʦ֣Ȼȥɡ
ܸоʦʲôԼֲ÷ʡ
ٸ޶ʦ˵仰ȥ޶ˣ޶˲㣬ڵĽѶȣ˵棬ôվҪʦġ
޶ĬȻȥȥʱŵ͵Ӧ˾䣺ʦܷģҶٸʦ
ֻЦǴ⣬޶ôŵĻҲûҪͣϾÿ˶ԼľֺαظԤ
;ݻصʱĪڶС棬ˣĪƶʱ˵ʦʦ壡С׹ëرůҪҪԣ
һ飡ǲǹɽڳ˼Ī־̫δ
лʦֶء££磬Ȼ͵ˣҾȻȥˡ
Ը㷹ѽʦ壿Ī̽ͷ䣬ҪտΰͲˡ
ŶŶĪƵͷʦһ߻ȥɣ
á
һѷµıɽצͣûʦʱǸůֱʦǸݣ͸Īˣ
ݻⲽĪƱҲ˲ţĪƽ̯õӶǶ˼ʮͭ壬˵׬Ǯ˵ֱʦһһ롣
˵Īƾʹӻͳֽţʦ㳢
һۣĪڴҧ˿ڣϸţ˶ĪƾͶãĪķòóԵľȻڵóԣûĺá
⻰һĪЦøˣӦţ´Ҹʦʦʲôԣ
ݴ΢䣬Ž̦һţЩĪģʲôܺ⡣
΢ļɰص䣬ʦͽЯϽףɢµķ紵ЩĪƵβҲ߶ε˷βһȥַɢ
ɽں棬ֻ裬ѩΪūҲͰˣݳʣĲŹҲͰˣ˻֪ظ
Ī˵ʲôʦǵöഩɽֱĹԲηůԪӤ˵ֻĪʺǸùĹĿ챻ͺ𣿣
ģʦͽϵһ㶼ԲôίԼ
ɽһһݣһԾĪƺ󱳾צӣͻɽգ
ȻĪƱߵһģɳͬʱĪҲˣתͰѱɽǲǻʳ̫ûɽ
ǣɽš
֣ݵһҪĪƼпչ˼ڵʲôĪͫһ˹ñȾݻ죬ҲͣЪʦ𣡵ȵȣ
Ȼˣ¾Ѿϡ׷˵һַʽʮˡ
⡭ʦҽ͡ĪһѰػ
޷ģơ
ɽһ֣ҪĪ⹷Ա
ɾһǣңǿԳɼҵģο¿ЩҲ¡
ɽһ壬Ǵ˵еģ˼ҵʦ
ǣʦ㻹ҽͽ͡Īư˰ְ֣ѱɽС׹Ҫģ˵Ǳ滪ң򲻿ɣұڵòвġ
ԭˡףеıɽ⣬ҵ֪鼮ҲȤ
ҿĿɶˣҪҸ𣿡ʧƹˤıɽľ
ȻͱĪѸ˾ߣʦͽ
Ī˵ͽɼҵʦĵطƵļҡ
СˣٸһĪƵĻᣬһߡ
Ƥô񣬱צҲİɣ
һǾô졯ػĪ·ץֻñɽţıɽȻܴӦĪһ˵ⶼԣסֻձļ
ȥëˮһĪһǳɣʱֳ˸ǣɽſڳſڽζؿ滪飬һһ˾ְš
ĪΪʲô£Ϊԭӣɽ˶ǧѩģĪƱʾһΪ֣ܲ
Ӳͨ˽۵ıɽʾż飡ٶֵʮѩҲҪ
Ȼ滪дЩ飬׷СĸǻСǶûʲôá
ĪˣʱǺĿģٱÿɣüĿԴһӢû޽ôֿ񣬱ɽⲻ֪ô䣬֮ǣÿ
ʱҲ볤ĪֵģϧʧˣǰעĪӢʵüۺơ
Լζˣɽ뿪ˣֲˣκÿɶã
ɽ⿴һ滪д飬ٿһв˵ĪƣֻѣĪƼֱ滪дģܽӽ౾డ
ɽַһҳ滪дӦ˵ķţҪ䲻ȻͳԼмҵ˸ǰһݣ󺰣úǮ㲻Ҫɱң
⡭żдĿ϶е϶վȻŻšôûˣİ
ɽצӣ׼ʵһ滪ԾȷȴˣҪɺյģٷΡ
Īһƿǣ˸ιţв
˴ʱļŨ㣬ϵĽۣɽһȥֱҪ̫ҸżȣǿԭĪ˵в£ֻڿ鸽򡣡
򣿡ĪЦְûˡ
ҵ飡ɽצ
ٿЩ߰ҾͰ㿾ˡĪΡȻ
ɽһצðɣżԲ飬ż˵ˣȫСһҪ
ңĪڼˣ⣬͵øˣż飡Ժʮղء
ڣȺԼȣĪ˲զسĺã

 76 


ʱĪƸϲ裬βɢ£ܺЦûʲô뵵ģҪǳһˣܲƽЩͬġ
ıɽήҲ˦˦βͣҲĪƣĪƵĺܺãһĿ顭һֻ˵ʲô֮ʣ֮ȷʵõΪͬʡ
ǣĪˣ֮񱣬ⲻԵҪһ֣
ۿĪƻߣɽצһǵסĪƵĴ깷Ϊ
ͷ챻ıɽⴹ֪֪ÿϴԹð
㲻𣿡Īִëһѡ
㻹ǵֻ𣿡ɽǺһЦˣҪǹñĪϴˣĪƴëգȥɱֱϧ
ոճǹˡ
ɽʮֻɣĪڱ֮𣬵ĪڳʪŷϴëΪֺֻճϴ衣
Ī޲򵥴ֱذѱɽëɣԸɢŷɽںߺһµ÷纮һͼĪݸǰߣţʦ𡣡
ôŪͷô˵ţȻȻĪһƷŪ˷
ɽţðɣˣĪʦŵˡ
ʦͽҲû˵仰ݾʹĪȥ˯ˡ
ɫհЪݲ˲Īɢŵķ˼ĪջΡ
ʦΡĪƲ˲侰ָ⣬Ȼ֪ݺܴʲ˯˵ôһ䡣
ҹﶬƺ궼䣬ĪȥĻ·ǰ߲ǰʱҹ¿Ψһǲٿǲͬľ
Ī£Ϩ˵ƣ֮־Ͽȥ
־˪Уѧ뻮һĵӷΨοǹڲͬ壬΢һ˹˲ͬӡ
Īϵ鲢ʮ£һڻãõһùģѭãȽԼֽҲòֵѧͰӵ֪Ķȥˡ
һհ׵ֽѧעʱҲ̽ʦ֮ڵĽѧƶȣ˵ǿɵġ
ĪһֳһʣĸעʷЩƣĪƿԼıʣٿһܱʼֱ࣬Ҫ̫С
޵İ߶Χ˲ٺѧѧӣĪƵű˼һԼɶҲʻ᲻Եòѧ˵㣬Ҳûɶʵģԣ賿ްԼıꡣ
أعͷҲóԣ
ĪųʲôҲôĥ˹ȥɢѧʱֻЦЦ˵൱ȻĪƽʲôû
ڻȥ·ϣĪƱһֻë໹ι״ĶϮˣſԼЬϵӣëֺһָֻպס
ӣӣĪƿһԴ͹˼ФƺΣƫɵƤëһԴ䡣
⵽Ǻӻӣ
㣬ĪƶӳȥˣСֿɰģëԲһ˫۸ԺƵġ
ĪƶòúӲӵСŻ˲ݵʳָԴϰ˰Ŷ
ôϲȴֶϲɽǸܺõӣǧٱ飬ʵȥĶš
СûʲôǣĪƷ˻һһĵظţ쵽ؽˡ
ʱһ۾ע⵽ĪСڣĪѾ˸߲ҵˣʦ𣡡
ǣëޡ
Ҳ֪һ·Ͼ͸ҡĪƶ°ë޵ӹĹĵģһҰ׵Ƥëָоͷá
ǡ룬ӦǺɽĶС
ӰɣӦǴӡأɹĪһӴϵãС
ҪôӱľԸĿڡ
ʦϲ𣿡Īưĺݸǰһ١
бɰľһ򴽣
һ·ûɿڵĪƹٸĿڡ
Դ˱ɽʾŭ㾹Ȼèˣ
ǺӡĪʮϵؾ֦ӡ
СĪǰӹģӣЩɲݸѣʵĲҶշзİˮҲЩ
Աȱɽ߰Ĺѣƫģһƫġ
ĪҸ㽲ҪιҿعǾԲԭġɽһ൱ŭӵأɶɶĺӣѩǵ¾Ȼܹӽݣֱǲôһ㣬ɰһ㣡
ŶԿعǰɣѿ͸ɽϷĪ൱
ɽߺûӦĪȥʱһס˻ڽݵĺӣմ˼һԴˮǰСë档
Īһȥǰʱʱռĺëһɺһߵô򶨵ţɽ⣬ͽͣ
ɽߺߵøδĴ׹ƵģװɵӱΡ
Ȼһɽһɽߡ
㣬ҰϴɾȻԷ
·ܿ׹ϪߴϴһֻëС澰Ҫǲ֪ģס˸Ԧʦ
Ҫ˵޵ͣÿϽͳΪ߷ǰأ˲Ԧʦסһһ
ѧϰ޵˲࣬ÿڶûֵá
ҲǱɽܳ˼QԵ֮һ
ݸйʱɽ⻹ߺߵشϴźӣֻûһưѺӺϪˮȥôһֻϪߵӻЩ
أݷŻ
ɽһߣȥˣ
ûôǾݾͲ³ˡ
ɽצʪһĺӣĬ˾ݵĻĪȥֵĵڵعˣǲԼȥ
Сӻͦԣȥֿ֨ɰñɽⶼеϲˡ
ڱɽΪ͵ĪƣĿǰ۵ĵع٣׼Сˣأع࣬úܡ
ĪӸ׼ߣѰľݣһˡ
˵ʮһȵż쿪ˣżУһʯ֮ʯĪ޵ңôȥ
ĪƵͷǰѾݵĻȥˣ룬˾䣺ʦʣ֮ǰǸô𣿡
Ī಻ͬ˵ǣ｣ɹΰЩͬ뷨ҲԼʦ֮Ǹˡ
Īƣǧǧ棬֮ǰڲͬҲǲͬģҪοֻ˵
һΪŻѪҲΪ己ʢ춨˻ʯݹǧǰʷʢĵ֮һ

 77 


ȱżһֱúܺãݴĪƹɽн磬ĪƲųɽĲͬòɽ·ϣԸܵһ˿ͬϢ
߽ǸƵĽżĪƸһƣȻǴһǧǰżľʯϴġ
ƲţĪ߽˼ָ̧ϾʯԵţʦ˵⽣ɣȥˡ
ݾĪƶӦҲ֪
⡶עʱӦúǳİɣĪƸָ⴫ĳ죬˵ĵڣǧŵһ˿⣬ǧ
ǰҵȽ޿ģؽǡżϵ־仺ڣû˵һ룬ͱĪƺ˵Ķˡ
泩ϢĪ˼ɲǣ˽âʹȻĪһˣ֮
ôƣַĪһѡ
Īʿˮɵ̫ðˡ
ᡭüǧżɶǲԲΰзӦġ
ھ˼ʱĪҲ˦ֵͬʱ͵ͳ
ĪƵĹվѹǵãݹеô
ðɡĪ˦˦֣ǿЦҿǲˡ
֮ΪԵҲǿֻʯʵҲûʯΣʦΪ˱ʯר˽磬ʮһȥŵĴҲûʮΡ
س·Īˣʦ𣬽ǰǴʲôʱʼʧٵİ
޼𣬳׵춨ʤ֮󡣡
ǣΪʲôҶʧˣǡ
ȻǰͬĻһͬʧˣǰΪûħȡġ
ǲǿΪ֮ǰпܻţĳһǣ
ɡףĪ߼û⣬Ψһ˵ͨľǣ֮ţΪʲôصıڵ
ֻߣ֮ڣδ뿪
Ȼʦ˵ģû·ʱȥ
ݲһ٣֪ƽƽˣǧǰ˵ı֮ǽɣֺαؽԼǧꡣ
һЩڴܼ֮ܲǰأǽɰһɣĪƽд
ԣ˺ͷʦУˣվ̫ãοĲ룬Ҳȷ粻˵ƿջϲһ
޽ңҲƽԶݻ˵ǡ
һ޽ĪƵʱձȻǸҪ£ÿθ޽޽ѵҾ御
޽ʦôæһǲˡĪҡҡͷοʦ岼õĿҵҶûдꡣ
вģ
У
Ц
ǣʦ̽ң
ʦҵֺ飬Īۿָ⸧һ֣ŻΪ⣬ݽʱ᲻ʱĪһۣעû
Īű״ţʵȫ˾ָϣֱ⧲رԴ
Īգգۣò޹ؿݣʦ𣿡
𣿡
ĪһЦݾͶˣ˳ûȥ֡
ھݶԴ׽֮һļãĪƵԴֻ˸Ӹ⣬ֱĪӦ˼ˣˡ
˼ʣĪҲһһˡ
ݾĪƴκ⣬һʲʵɽô
ͦãĥҲĪƷ˱ʣ֮ǰɽʵ㲻һֱҪʦǣûһĥʱ
ǣһô
밡
ʮһкҪѺͱɽؼ֮أͬһȥһ㱸õģһ·ҲפӦݻЩɵģôĪһ·ҲĪһֱıӻ֮µʿ
ʦ㲻ôҵģҲСˡĪžݵĶһ֡
ô
࡭
סĪƣﲻ˷ЦΪյأмĪҪǿ
šĪƵͷݲ˾䣺ʦء
Ȼǲһ˳Űɣ
ʦҪ̫ߣȥιӣӡĪľݵļ磬ǰ߸˴·
ӺιʲݾһƨɶǶŲѵġ
ʦͽǰˣҲӰĲݽСһ˫ԲĴ۾עžݺĪƣԵӶˣһҲˡ
˶ûãͼɽ˦β͹ˣϻſ۽СӸǰһӣԵͶʳٶ
ǻĪֻЦ⹷ιӵĳզôЦأɽĶ䣬ɽһ֡
յĳɽҡͷԣһѩɵëҲҡɹרĳԲݵСתעһ˵
ڵĺӣôͳˣĪ
ҡʱҲڵġɽСӾܡ
ĪҲıɽһڰСӸˣҪôĪƲڵʱˣڵȵڡ
ݿűɽıӰֿĪƣͻɵʱЩ񣬲Īûɽôŷҡ
ҲЩġݿ˿ڡ
ʦϲƽﲻ
ĪôСϲʣȥһ²ǵ˷˵İײٴһġ
ʦϲ𣿡
áݲ֪ô⻰һֱû̫ϲĶʲô̬ȶܵȻ
ΨдһԶ¶ȡ
Խãûô򵥣һӡģգضҪΪ֮ɫ䡣
Ī˼ˮ˵ţҸо궬ø졣
ǳɫѩ֮ס
㣬ôݿ۴죬ĪƳʱɹĵһģĪƶģʮ²һš
ڻãӦˡĪӣڷȽڴ֮У뾰أûһ˳ȥ
ʦ𣬲磬ҽ֮ذɣٹЩҲҪȥˡ
ǸΪھ֮أڼ֮⣬֧ѩԳѩǣЩЩ塣
ݽúϸ˹һصĪվҪ˽ġ
мǣɽѺ͵ȥǧҪ㼫֮ء
Ϊʲô
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Ҫǲͻؼ֮صﲻֹɽһֻΪӣǸ֣ĪƸԿ˷ӡԭȻѩġ
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ߵҲǿߣȫΣղΰ룬ʿԣǺܺõ֮ء
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Ϊ֮ߣΪʵľګЩǺʺѺô׽ؼѡ
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Ϊ֣·û̫뷨ͷֱʱѺˣҲûκӴܺۼ类ҹѩȥ
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лͬŻӦĪư˰֣ԼĽ˸ȥ

 79 


ҹѩȻչ˷Ĵ򿪽磬Ϣӹûκһλ
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Ϊ׺ӷ˷ߣỺ䣬ˡ
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ʱֹ˸׼һƬѩмѩΪһѩãϻţܾûˣҲ֪û˲
ջվྲţ𻰡
Ѿȥˡɽ߽ôá
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ѩǶԶħ޻ЩʶģħħӵĴڣӴúܣųҲûͨôأżЩħ޴Щ顣
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ȻͺˣҪֹȥˣ⽻׿϶ֻǴһ£Ҫ£ñöǴĺá

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ȥߵʿûмĪƣ˵ûãһɫأЩ
ϸһĪƸ˵ĻԼ©һҪĻڣСǽΪţߵﶼץˣֻһĪС
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˿˿ƽָľ췽һ٣аʩչһһָ췽ߡ
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ң롭Īƽ׼õ˵ǣܸ߾Լȥ˼һˣþΪ󴳽صĺá
ɾݴǲģ˿ָǹ·ݼ˵ԼĻ֪Ҵڸϵһ·˶ټ裬ҳһ
ⲻǺúõʦҪ̫ˡĪžݵıӰͻݵЩ˵ʲôоԾݵİοӭϣǷ곡Ϸģɾһۣôôأ
ʲô£һһӵģơݷ̤˪һ̲ŲģĪʲô£һӶԭ²Լ
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ԭҹǳϦʱ仹ת˲š
ĪɾһŶôذֽѰһ
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á
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š
Ϧѩͬ顣

 81 


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Īְ̧˰СԴϵëջһջΪЧһҲ֪˭Щ

 82 


һ˳лעŶ

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һ·֮˽Ƽݣ޶˰ԼʳָǣиΧ޶ʳûˣֵǮĶ
ת˲пտҲ޶˱˱ۣЩˣͨ˶Ծǰ·ϱƣʱ̸档
ţԱơ
ĿǰϾ飬Ҳ֪Ҫصöࡣ
Ϊ񣬸ҲԼ˵ǣϾմ󺮣ǱţҲݸ괺ٲ־ͺˡ
֪ٴҲţµӻȥҲǴӶſʼģȥ˪ʹ˲ٳϾȥ޴֮ؼ㣬ҲŴ
Ҳֻܼϣڣȴѩڣ֣ͣһ괺ˡ
Ͼڴ̫޶˴Ѷڣʦ˷˵飬ܾûô򵥣ڼĻֻСֶѡ
޶˴ѶʱҲ˵顣
ݱϾѩҪϰ˶ջѩıصö࣬¼Ѿڽָ֯Ͼס֣ҲĴļ⼢⡣
ϸ飬üأ鿪ڵڿ⿪ַڴ﷨ԤԮһɷΣʱؾС
ǡӱȭȥ
չ鿴˼飬дţȼֽϾ޶ˣ޽ٴطҪضȼƷɣҲǶ෽ʱഫѶֶΡ
Ͼ޶˶Լи֪Щĳ򶼿ʼˣƶŵС˵
Ʈһţ޶ֽˣݺۺУݼѾ⿪ַӴݵִϾӦܻ⻺ȱֻġ
޶˼ţиõСкץס½ǣСţЩʳɡ
޶ʳһ·ָɾˣҲûʲôܸСģĶֵǮĺҲûˡ
һ˲ͻкץƣתܡ
޶һֱˣ֮ǰߵĶ޷ƿĵƣ˲ֹˣʿҲɵġ
ǵĵƣ;ǷģƱˣҪСȥʳֹţᱻ
ȵȡ޶˺ֹСֽûӰˡ
*****һ˳ӽԤ
ǸС͵һƣС͵һƣҿֵǮĶȥ
ΪʲôңǿҪĶôôۣ
Ҫʲôű˵ҵģݽ棬ҪôˣܱûԵĺá
֪ʲô𣿡˿òᣬĲ²ϯң˵һȥ
ŶӦôߣû߶ԶǸʿƺ˵ʲôҲ˵
Ұһͷݺײһ£ҵĻ˵˾䣺Բ𣡡
㡭ǵʿʹȻײòᣬҵȻתͷܣС͵ôץ
ҲϲЩǮˣϲ
ûǮʲôС
˵ҲҪҼǮȥ
ô˵ʵЩҪʱ۾ɵñ˭󣬺ñ˭
һ·ߣһ·ŵϵ࣬ʱҾðɣԼϵ࣬˭ܲš
ȥ궬ˣʣЩ߻ǺżһˣﲡˣֻܵգںˣⲻˣŴծ
ﲻҪƣǽûճɣⲻҸյŶûſߣͼﱻ˾ͷϡ
ҳǰЩ˵־ҧҲͷ⣬ۣ۶ˣⲻӰҺݺݵǣ
˭ⲻǷǵǮޣΪ˻˿ĭңҲۿҪϼţҼʶر۱סͷ
ûߣҲƵĵҡ
ֻۣǸ֮ǰĵʿ֣Щҵ˶סʿ
æǶϵѪۣ࣬Ҳ࣬һš
ǵʿڸծ˽̯ҸջƣţҪ𣿡
ծʿˮҪ
޶֮ҵǷǮˡʿأЩȻ
ծһͷҡø˹ƵģҲңɳŹҰɣҲҪˣҪˣ
⡣ʿ򴽣Ƿ˵ģȻӦ
ȥˣʿ˼
ȵʿ˴ˣüΨһȥ˵ѩţˣҪͿԸϴˡ
ʿûߣԱ߿š
Ҳлģҵ
Ҳգֻʣˣ
ҵС͵ұ׷ծרĸιȥǺ
ƽʱ˶˵ʿɣǱǵĴڣ˻أ
ʼġʿļá
ü˰ɣȥ궬ͿʼˡҼʣµİͷҧһǵ˼磬Ҫ𣿡
лءʿȻûӡ
ͷȻǽſˣʱгԵľͺܺˣƽ̫ࡣ
ʿ˵ġ
Ҳţһ˵ĵʿʲôðǵġ֮ǰ˵һأڳŽյãǾһ
ӦǾ仰ݡ

 83 


һ˳Ԥָ֮ϵӽ

ݻûطͱ˸ɾ
ʱݲ߲мգӣǲֻѾ˵Ԯݡ
˵·٣һЩСزԷ˶ԭӶʣЩЩȻҪǧСģû͸ɾˡ
ƾӧ˸ϾƷӵӣ׵ЩֲҩѾҽ߹ȥˣڲ᲻̬
ڵɳȥľüģĪûųȥһڵӵôȥ˵׼ҡ
Īư֮ǰֵܲײȫˣһЩԼˡ
ٵҲ޲һĽʣЩһҪѺ˵ʡ
ڣҲûôЯĴ﷨ģװˣֻܿΪˡ
ϾҪͷ־ɳǣһġĪưæװųοѾܾûϢ˵ľݡ
ϾĶ֣֧ԮִǾϾеϹۺҩȣˣһڱţԭǵЩ
Ͼ
糱֮ӿȥԭĳŽսǾ֮⣬˵ӷָϾסƣֲʩҩǿûϾ˶ҡ
ǲģʹݻ·ϱʮ֮һеݳӱ˸߰˰ˣ˲㣬Ѻ͵˶ܣ˲١
޶Ѷ˸ַΩԸܵؼ˺ģЩӣ֧ԮݵˣϾҲôˡ
ЩǵȲģƩףƩҡ
ַˣɲǽڣҩײˣָָԼңֻЦ
˵ϻҲ֪ýʲôŽռ񵽵Ŀݲȥڽ˵ǻȥʱڿԣæ
㰡þûմȵ̲ס˾䣺ʲô⣿
⣬ˡͺµݶӦ˾䣬ס졣
ã⣬Ҽý
Ųȥһ·̲סʿˮţҪҼֻһץˡ
ҼûҲûв
ڴɺܾˣֹûԣҲûУŲ͵͵СţҪȥֻĸˡ
Сӻĸ׶š֪Ӳңȴûҵ˼
ڴѾűˣѾˡ
ҹҶۻ軨ĶֻҴܣȥץ˸ջˤͷ
ɫЩ֣˵ţСݣ
ҽСݣ˵ȡϢȡݽˡ
ȥˣֱҿޣ˵ʲôԲ㣬˵ܰˣɽϣˣ˷ѲϯҲû
ӣҲ֪ԼôЦó˵Ҫ㻹ǰ˰ɣǰԶٺõġ
ֿЦһƣôô֪ȤĶ
Ҫһһ¡ſϥϣûǰʱϥҵı˯ġ
˵ֻҵСݣ᳤ġҵ˵ЩָҪٺ˯һΰɣҸˤˣ˯š
ẰˣЦ֪ģѧС͵СԺҾ;ẰˣĴҳԷĴࡣ
˵岻ɡſû
ã㡣
ϵѩˣѩˮ˳ŷĿûŵſ򳨿ӭӺ磬СʱӰ
ûʳҲûȵõһ졣
ʱﶼˣվѩִ껯ٸһ밡ˡ
һǲ֪ﵽǲĻǶġ
óԱ˷һǱӲ
Ҿ͸ˤһȥȥˡ
ȻҿǸ˵ĵʿȷʵˡ
룬ӦǸ˵ġ
˵ֵһֻĸ
ʿʱۣһ˿޵øʲôƵġ
˵ˣҪұ
Բ𡭡˵
ԲʲôѽֲǷҡˣЩ֣ϲ˸жԼ
Ҳǵõʿ˵ʲôˣֻӲʱ̲ס룬ҪҲɽȥɣʡҶ˵ʱûҡ
Ͼһ䣬Ҵûô

һĩĵһݵִϾڳҲ½ִʿѷְַա
޶һԱйϾ֮أһ·ϣδѩڣֻϯʬ
޶ףٿ࣬Ϊˣɲˡ
ʦ˵Ϊ֮²̫ƽ־õĵ
Ҳڷ·Ϲ
޶˵ϹΪ׵ĵӳ޶һֶڽİ˾䣺̫Ҷȶ𡣡
޶̾˿Ѿܾûףˣ龰£Ҫ˵ͷˡ
˱ҵӦΪкͷǵӦֵҼͬ㲻׸һ
²·ǵŵӵϰߣ޶ҲûЩʳϲǳ̣˶֮ˣԮҲ쵽ˡ
Ȱһٽʺˮջ񣬶µļȻ͹ȥˣ޶ôţԼȥ룬ܼ֮ڷʲôҾ硣
֮ϾҪõĶ࣬˼ϰֵعϡģֲ͹סˡ
УԮݾִϾʮ֧Ѻͬ޶˺ƾʦΥؼһ档
ƾ㲵޶Сֹ˾䣺ʦ֣˲ٰ
ΪıӦΪ֮޶˵ڿյĴ﷨ůѾʼ׼ðˡ
ƶ˻ƶҰѷַ˵İգϳͲ
ҲҪעչ˺Լ˵ƾҩȵȥˡ
ҩȶҽҽޣΪ͵Ķȥ¹棬ѺҪʻҽߵĶ飬ҪнʿѹҩȽҽ٣ƾǡǽ𵤳ҩѹһѹҲ޷
ֹǣҲϾѾλ׸ϾˣڿⲦ˰˳ɴϾ˿ںԮʣͨ˶ɹһӦûġ
ʱϾůԣ½½ڿ˶زũҵ
˷ַʱ˴óȻȶˣҲѡӡ
Ͼ˿ˣٲַȼģЩ¶ʿִУû͵ˣء
Ͼ黺⣬ϾֵĵҲ½½رڣϣĺʱƬȼ

 84 


Եһĵѹµ¿ɾ͸ˮˣⶳںĲҲؼˡ
ϾֶˣҲвڶ񼲣ҩȴصϢϾ֮ס
÷ûóԵʱû˻ῼûߣòϯ¶һӣֻǲݲ
оΪ񼲵Ĵ
⽥ĩϾů˸͸ĵϢҲǾζϾ£ڶʬٸ
ʿ֮ͨ˿ɾ˵ˣз޿ʳ⣬Ͼ֮ڣΪ֪ʳ֮չȥǺε״
ŵӳϾͬʱҩȵӸϾ粻˽ҽҽҲѶϾæ
γΪҩȹϾ߲ҩȵ˷ҽҲûѰߵķӣΨƲ鴫ѰҸȾԴ
ߵĿˣĳһ˳˴£ѷɱϾٲҪˡ
ڣҽߵ֧ҩȺ͵ҽ¿ν޲ߡ
γп˺ü죬ʵڵ츮Ҷγе塣

ðƸҩȹӡµŷ˼һ£ҪҪͨأ
ҩȹױ飬ȻҪʾ϶
ĸԶϽ
ʱջڡ
ͬ˼䣬ɻε˸ڣù˺Щһ˫۱ĹȾڣΨй⻪תʱɿһĨɫ
ջʱһ֮£ȣ̾ϧˣãᡣ
ջֻ棬ҲЩΥĹά֮ʡ
ջؼ⣬Ҳãû뵽⾹ʱڣջչţһΪҩԼΪϹ˼Զ˸Ͻ
ջֱӵѶӣǡԱι㣬ôһζˣװǸ
˼ԶΪʲôϽԭΪϾֻӶϤԮΨϵϽɽ˵ϽǳʲôôûϢ
˼Զ£ʮǰϽջ˽ϽɢҪ˼Զ˻ˡ
аɡ룬Ӧ£һħޣʲôļֱӦ֡
κδʱջ֪ʲôֻγڷλңպɵ֡
õģɵͷջҪϾˣڿԲˣ
ʱɽ˼Զ˼ϽɽԵɣȫû뵽ҹ룬ͱƱˡ
ͷ˺ţɺҩϹ۵ȫ廨˼Զˣ򶨵Ѻ⡣
ܰ𣿡˼ԶоӲӡ
˼ԶҲţ۲
²¿߽˼Զذ׵滮˼ԶձߣżƵذתһȦ
Ҳ¡˼Զųʲת˲䣬ס˼Զذף˳űסձ¶˵ϣ˵ٲƽɫ
һ̣滪ģʲô
˵˼Զżۣ̽Ǻ𣿡
ذ׺ΣգֻҪתһתࡣ
ĺҲת˲ıסˣֻΧס˼Զûк
л˵˱ֱۣģʲôɫ˼Զ˳Դʹ²òͷѸٱ˵ǣģǶҲж񼲱֮ף޵ҽĵһˣǿ
Ŷ˼Զβһת̨ôǵãħ޶߲Ⱦһѻոʬȫޡ
Ĳ𣿡൱Ȼֱ׳
˼ԶҲǺúŪģЦЦҵǸȥǸҽô
˵ĺеԶԡ
л˵Ȱذÿ
Ҳأ

滪մӶҴҸϾʿɷƱϢֽȷ˼飬ûס߸һͬϾ쪡
ֹѡ̰ǵǲеʣ
ǡ쪱ȭ滪ϾҪǣĿǰֻϾˣҩǸǰ
滪ĲŹˣΪ滪绤ȻҪ
ҩĲֹҽջһЩҽ޵ҲԷϾһͬ飬ҽƷҽ޷֧
Ӳƾ壬ΪأͨЩҽΪӡ
ڵ˭ҪͨܽҲڻӳð
Ԯҽ޶鲻ջֻһ˵Ļͷһ鷳ǣγڲȷ᲻ûͨ
ջźýͣҲǳصģջߣֻһˣûͨģһͲǺˣŲţ
ҩȹױŰ˳ҲǼٵģ
Ըͨͷæͷְ˼ҩȹγУջòǶγ֤ݣһʱֲ¡
ڣԮҽ޶鵽ˡ
ڱ־зչ飬һеǰͨҽ޶˳Ϊ׵ʿһϮˮ̧ȥʱˣƫЩ
֮ˣ޶
ڱҪߵö࣬òżͻһЦˡ
æּ֣忴һһȰݵչӣþò
ΥջûֻӦ
һĿɿڴ˭嶼ô
ͬ·ӿҪһߣ
Ǹʦ棬ûͨֻŸ֪ٵֺ
̶һ仰ɹ˵ջվſڵԵɡ
忴۱ô˵˻൱򶨵ջеĺ鶨ġ
Ϊλǹҽһջ
ȼɹñ˺þõջ˳ǣ罻һǳʧܵջء
ҽһ򿴲ϹҽγջҲܽջջųԶ׼ǰûӰλеĹҽ㡣
ջĹƽǵһȺҽʦ̺ӵ۵ģûһҽϲ̨档
ҽ߼ıƾãҽΪ뾭ѵʤߣȻҲӵĵ׶ˣ˵ҽǵ׶ˣҩȵҽ߾ˣҩȵԸҽ˹Ѿ㹻˾ˣȻҲûָܶ۵Ĺҽ
ջԴ൱Ȼڿҽ߲µķʩ˾Ĳ
̬ȣƢҲûˡ
γԶԶջųνȲȰҲûֹԼé®Сƭ˵¡
ǵʱʵջΪͽġ

 85 


ջµģϸϸڸҩַֿҲûʲôζֻлŸζҩļҩζ
߸շ˸ȥæջʱջ˵˾䣺ҪȥȾߡ
һɣպҲҪȥȻӻ
ҩȵ˸ǷЩջֵͷᣬ÷ҩ֭ѬĲϣȻЩǽʿûʲôãӴǰǰԤҲǺõġ
οȻᱻȾ˾˵׼ˡ
ջԾɨ壬󣬲ȴڣһǶ˵Ѱ˻ײЩ
߲ߵӶʱӣз÷ӹ̹ӣҲõķϮһչ˻ߵĶҽӣҼ֮˿ɼǺεֲ㡣
Ķʿԭ򣬻Ϊʿ岻ױȾҲȳǿЩһʿǲõġ
ջҩץСҩϸϸŸгɷ֣ò˵ҩ棬ҩȵʵ飬⼸ζЩҩЩҩЧȻۿۡ
ֻǣҩº²ҩȺ˵Ĺ
ۿԶϸŻüҪȥ״̬ĪԼϡ඼ʲȥģߣôסҩҩƺ⡣
ջ˼ţͻǰһˮǰ˵ǲҪħаҽ
˱˵ˮʮʮ
ôˣҲˣɡɳ
ջվֱӰԼǰһֻ˼ǱˮʪķϣޱĨȥˮۣ׽סС˵˾䣺û¡
Щ̰ջָ¶ȣֺʹ˸ֱջȥջ˵˾䣺壬Ҫõ˭
ϲŭѱ棬ߣջ½ǣ
ԼνõջĻ
ҽ߲޸ߵ͹ǶǵģֺαطҪָ¡̾˿ӡ
һһǹҽ
ԺҪˡ˼֡
ʱƮƮȻز˻⣬˵ţǰʳѪ⣬ʬǵĹҽ
滪ƮȻ£ǸջŰֱջֵǸҴҴˣԲ𣡡
滪˵⻰һģҲǹҽΪڸһǲΪɡ
ҽǴͳҽߣκ͵͵ʦʬؽ䱻ϳʦȥȺ뾭ѵҽҲͳ˲Ĺҽһɡ
ջ˱ۣû˲ֻӴܵģֻ滪磺ôˡ
æ滪£ȣ˵һջôţּ˾䣺У͸Ϣ
ⶫľϽڣֻϾߡ
⡭˵пɿأӦǺ£ҩȵӽ˾䡣
ҵ֮ǰϾɶǷ˳ǵġ滪񶨡
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ֻǣһֱûоߵķӰˡ
ðɣҪ˵ǣұ߱춯Ķ࣬ǻ˵򣬸о֮ء
˼ǣ߿ֶܲ
滪ʵҩжѸ֮£ڲԵɾнˣ˴ˣʵʵĸˡ
ѾɱϾˣӦİɡγ̾˿Ѿܵذѷ߷ȫˣȱʧģǽӡ
ľַˮһֱţҩžʹãҲ䵽ʵȥеӽҩĩȼ֮ߡ
ջҩԭϣ޼޽ͷۻơʡۡԡȣõĵǲ
ȣóűɲôҩȶԴҲ˷ŹżˮСһˮһҡͷԵر飺һգˮգȡ֭֮
滪翴ζһջ㵱ѧͽʱǲҲ
ջҩû
滪ȤԿջץҩò˵ջҲ̫ӵˣôһҽȻƽ͵ظѧͽһץҩĥֱҲͰɣ
ջŵԵɣȺųҽҽ߲ʬҲ󲿷ΰɣһջøʲôƵģ͵ʦ
γҹջһջû㲻ڣԼüˣֵո£Ϊȴ಻ѡ
ڸջųʱĵǸ
ջôЩֻ޷
γ˿ֵ໹һϻ˵󣬵˴ѶϾѾ
ʱ죬㲻˲ЩǾǽˣˣ÷˼ȥ顣ջһ˼ƽϣγлףõʱͺòʱ֮
Ǳ鱨Ǻܹġ滪粻֪ĶܳģŶγоһЦãŶ
Ǳ̣Ǵơ
γ˸ûȤҲֻùָǡ
ԶˣջŻؿ滪磬Ϣˣ
ûС滪һƲ䣡
Ǳ춼鲻ټ˵˴㣬³ɱȫı
鷳ѽ滪̾˿⼸ҲЩæ뱨ӦʿȾ߻ͨˣʿ壬ô׵µġ
ǲ֪γбǱܾˣô¡
γⱻǱܾˣӦûҪϱ˵ġ
أջ˻⣬ϽӦǴòˣǲ֪ôϹ۶顣
˼Զˡ滪˳ջɫ΢ָ˿ڣˣ֯һ£˼ԶɷƱ

ǴϲħްɷƱ
ȥ֮⣬滪绹һûջǣ֮ǰջˮˣˡ
ڵĿӣõ

滪Ÿݶڿӱ߳ɪɪˣǱ۸ģ
ˡү廨˿վ滪Ĳɪɪ
˰ɣ±ҸáŶû±ӡ滪ӻ֣ͦ˵ģĵؽ磬ֻܰԴʿԵٳ
滪翴˿Ǳбͦľ£ϧ̫ˣ滪Բ˾䣺Ҳϡ
һ綼徻ˣ滪ųǱб롣
ųҽǵ£ɣҪ۸ͷ
Ҹɲǹ۸ġ

 86 


Ȼ̽ټû׷ЩȾͨ˵ģרŲ֮һϸѲӺ֮¡
һ±ϹϽ£Ƕһ³ţҲ˼ó˳棬ֻˡ
Ǻɽ֮ˣΪʲôռ峤ϯλҪǺɽϯǶǧǰĺɽʧź˷˵Ĳ
˷ǺɽУǺɽ֤֮Ҳ˶ǵĿǷ
ʱųܴҽǶõȥӭ
ջûȤĥҩҩ۶౸ЩҲӶࡣ
ڲǹ¹˵ڣԶԶͼ˸Ըʱҩĥҩٲ˿̱䡣
ιҲ̫λʲô߰Ķܽˣ
⡭γһЦ˵ϰųû뵽һҲҵջͷˡ
ջҩĵȨֻӬ
ޣôأջˣˣתͷʶγУûаڡ
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ҽεòУ˼նϵֻܱտڲԡ
ƣһ仰˵²Ǹư͡
֪أǳòܼ˰ɣ
Խջư֮ɫԽԣȺеҲˡ
ջҩϸȣǲ
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ջĥҩĶһ٣һ̧ͷȥƫֹס˶
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СֶǸأŸޣҲζԣ壬վ氡
ǹҽ֮ǰǸҽߣΪһ߲ͬ΢ͣų⣬ڮٵġ
λֵþصǰǾ֮ǰҲء
⻰˵ģأڳ֮ɫһ䣬ԭЦϣ˳˭ô˵
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Сֶ˵ʲôҪΪһڮٳǣüͷһ塣
ǲڮ٣λǰǱҸ𣿡ջų嶼־ܿջ̫ɽộ
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ͦȰܵҽ޲Լͬһ죬϶ֶԺĹϵʲô֪⻰˵ôԣѵŴںֱһֽ֮ɽ
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滪Ͽû뵽ȥټַջ۸ˣǸڵʲô콾ջȥˡ
滪൱ȱȱҲûȥ쪸վţֱӣڣڿϣһ¿Ͳõ滪磬
ôڲŶء滪˼ջҪĴӲǾֻ꣬һˣɣһ޶İ
滪⻰˵Ī߰㣬֮λдʦճԡ
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۸ˣһȺˣۣúòҡ滪ƺܿš
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⡭ҿõķصء滪缱ǡ
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ǡֹǮţ滪üͷһ壬϶ӣټ츸ĸֵܣ

 87 


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Īư˸СţʪҲԶɽģԮӣһ³ĵ£ůڽˣƫֽ
ΪûϢԮӺҪʼ£ҪµǼԮˡ
ʦҲȥĪƳþ͵Žæܾû൱죺
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ҪҲǲȥĪͼ
ηĵ㡣ͣ˱ʣ̧ۿĪƣȥ˼û
⡭Īðȷʵռ
Īͣˣּ飬˴˷նǺɽɵʱͣ˼룬˶СǼ֪ģ
ݷ˴Ī̽ͷ̽Եش˹ȥʦô
ʦ壬Ͼ꼾Ҳ֪ʲӦˡ
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˼Զ滪磬ûӻڣοһȺеʿôƵù̵滪磬滪⻰һ䣬ǲǱǰġ

 88 


ǱˡҲͨЩҽǽ𵤣ȥǶγտڴ˽֡
Կɡ滪Ѻ΢ЦֻҪˣ˭ȥ˭ȥ
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γзĲһ߶ķӣָٿԷҩ跨γչԹţûô⡣
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֪֪ˣ档γյͷʲôڳɶˣ紵˴ģˮʲô
ɵ浽˵طγղŷԼˡ
Žȥģųġ⻷ġ̫ˡ
γץžԮҽ޵Ӳţ;۸ǵɴ˵ϳģҪǣջ
֪Щγعջ˶֪ǱĶģˣֻٹ˵ʲô
Ȼصȷˣǽʱˣϳ֮л໤ѰԵֵΨнϣͨЩ֮ʿʺǰ
ϵʿ࣬־ԪӤȥ棬һɣ˵ھǲš
ʿϳΧ´ӴٶΪ塣
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ջԴ˲飬ȻܿΪûͬ飬ʿҽݾηҽӽҲȤ
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ȼеյҲյǵյʽŻ˲Ӻջ磬յΪǰ·
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ʶȳ˸ʿԼֱܣڣڷü
޽ôˣûþŻˣںһ޶ˣӺ޶š
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һڣһ䣬ʯڣ峺׵ˮ֮ء
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ŵľͷǱӲڸ˵ĶѨڣջ˵ӣУնӲݣû˿ԥ¡

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ѨгأʯڱԵҲδδˮҴܵȺǼХ̶Щͷۣջɫ˿ҩ衣
Ϊƶҽ޷֧֮һջֳʪֶǶεĵط˳׼ռڽⶾεĶҲ١
ڵִʯǰĶǵͽҴܣһƿţûôˡ
ʯŷ죬ҰŨϮջһնƣСĻĿվǡ
壬Ǵ˰˻ƣ岼ػ󣬻ıﲼˮãһ·϶жζ룬屻˺üû뵽˴ˡ
ڡջûʲô˵ƣѳʵĳУʱ̷͵Ϯ
Щӵܼġǻ߼Хһһֻ޴Ļʯڡ
˼ǣãջ̧ۿ޴ޱȵĻûаж޲ԭ
벻ãǵ·һһצЯŨƷˡ
ջһԾ˲ϢʮɣָΪͬһ

 89 


һֻ·ڶ𵤴ԲǸٮٮߵʿвɫѪ˳Žʱ֮ܵС˲١
צӹһһ˻ʤΣ壬ػֻأ
ջûᣬʯżǰնĶҲÿǰŵĺݻʿ˲֪ٴˡ
ϧվǿһ
ջϰһǰ棬̤ŻǵˮǳǳˮеĿݲʧݰܣżСٴܹʧںڰС
ȻջǼˮһĨ⣬͸ССĶһƹ⡣
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֪Լ˵ʲô塣ǱˣվֱӻΣҲ
ΪҲԪӤɣ
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⡭δҪؾκɨϸĿڵҲÿ
ܲܶҪˣ֣Ҫˣ尡ᾡƫġδָвһĺá
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һġۣЩΪѣδ⻰˵ĶǲðôգҪİƢԣֻҡ
СãҪ˵öˣҾͰǸ㣬Ҫ˵۾Ͱǳˣɲ

 90 


ջѹδڴӦⲻδ˵Ի㲻Ҿ͵ͬˡ
ͦãǿǿġ
ң벻Ȣҡδһ٣˵ͦģǱʦֵܰɣϻ꣬ҩɽ⣻ҿԱֻ֤ҪȢңҾͿԸҩ
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滪ڶ͵Цˣǿ˵ӵ񣬴ǣҼҸҪҲǾͶȥɡ
˵ڣ˵ˣֻ̫Զʱǵ˵ġ
еѹɾʹˣֻ֯ûжʵȨѾûˣҪںͱ콾ˣ˿Ҫһġ

޽޶ˣ˫˫ˣ岻֪١
ݱ˱ۣͬͬڵӣΪ̽һ峲Ѩͳô£ôܻס
徫ӸϾĪҲҪ񲻹ֻˡ
һ·û˵ʮ˻˵Ѿ֪ˣǲ֪٣Ҳʱɻ
ųʦܣҪ㽻
ʣڲǷ˷ֺʲôҲһ岻ݴǣǳĴͷɳλĵǰ˾ôǣ
ơһ·ϣΪĻǶĪ˵ģĪžݼ磬οµģʦǺܿ͵ˡ
㡣߹̶ĳô򶨵˵ţҲκ˺ùġ
Īס죬ƫͷȥӹƲ㣬ҲŸոձ滪᲻⾰ڵ
滪˵ֹҸϢ
ջʧˡ
ǺϢʧкϢ
滪ôҲûֹһֵŴһֱԸջջҲ˶еϰߣϰ˰ٰѽֻ峲Ѩδز֮ǰϽӰ졭
һϣʦͽ˸¡
ǵǵˣһ
ʱʱȣ಻ԣϸܺ鱻ΪƵزȥʵ۵ܲˣŻСջ
ջ˵ܾˣ֮壬״̬ҪõĶ࣬ڸûҩոҽһ˵ͷҪԼǰʹ
δˣߵȶˣһ˦ڱǣɻպ⼪ʱҶˣѽҲڸˡ
ʲôɫһס
Ҹλӳ׵ĺѽδڴһЦȳףҾͰѽҩ㣬Сӡ
ԣ巢˺ݣŴӴϳӡ
ջҲκˣֻûȼ̨
ɲ㡫δ˸ۣŤˡ
ջ͹ʳϧ˰㲻飬Ѱ˼ҲóԶǾɣٲԸҲˡ
ԡջŽջջǲֱָⴥջͷҲ
ջŷ˴ת˺ᱧشȥ˱ָסԡ
岻ôúŪģջֺֻۣҵġ
ҾҲͱ˳ף
ջڶαףǲָͬȣʹҲһ˲ҧѪ
ˮձߣĨջѪۣ̽ͷӡϸֻҵġ
ջ֪ô飬֪ô˵Ҳ֪ʲôûôᶨѡҪ
ʱá̫࣬Դǹ࣬Ҳ͵棬ֵĮͿûԱҲʲôš
ԼÿǴӱҲԼֵãֹģһϤֹʱ䣬ҳϣµģҲûʲô
ǧչˣŬϸλΪϷǣħȱҽߣҽΪһһжɣֵֻðˡ
⣬ܲԾȥעЩ⣬ʱʱ򶼺ۣ֣ðƵѧŽ
СǫôŬڵ
һеʲôջס
ڴǰҹ˹ջûյĴ﷨
·ûԣֻЦźү˳ȥ
״㣬ѾЩ־ˣԵʱ򻹺Щ
ջҩι£ǿ̿ʹӡ

⣬ڿνƼ䵶ңˣǲָʲ
ڵӵִʱˣʲôٶȣӱϾֻգֱ˵ѧϹŵسɴˡ
һ˫ɫ鿵ѵõֱɨ¼ϡ
ְΣֱҲ˵һ䲻ԣԪӤĵ
ŭԣֻҲģЩдҪԼȥ
ҲƱġɨ𣬡ҴΪڵӣΣΡ
⻰ǣҪˣҲ
ɫһ䣬˵ʲôҺôʦ塭
жڵžй࣬ѹû˵ʲô
ⲻֻʿǰݺݴǺɽɵ
һһף˶Զˣźݺ˿ĭʲôǸԪӤ˭ǸԪӤˣҪûڣʲôǣ
ԣһĺɽɵӱⲻԵĻһݵԪӤԪӤܱȣ˼겻ʮԪӤҳϿŽӤ⻰˵ġܺ;ݱȣڶֻǸ״ʵĳϡ
ݾֱȥ˻˵޽޶ˣ޽˾ʹֵ޶ſڣѾûʲôˣ˻Ѻõشкʦ֣λʦʦá
ʦ֡
ʦ
ʦ塣
һӦļ޽ֺͦǣʦôˣﲻæˣ
ʧˣϾɲֹ롣
ʲôʦʧˣȺ޽֣Ҫȥ˵ˣǲǸʦܻܵûʧٵģ
޽ıǣ޽ⱩƢҪ֪ʧˣǸҲðˡ
侲Щһ޶ʦܰɡոո˺ݻȰһ侲ʵ

 91 


˵䣬ץջСݻء
ջɫҵ壬ԡ
Ҳȫûа취Ҳֻ˵ֻоųɵİա
ջذףĻһӣȭϣѪһεε崽ϣ崽΢ֻǸоʲôƵģС˾䣺ݻء
Զ
򶾲֮壬Ӧ򶾽ԾѪԶ֮ٸζҩʧˣٲô
Ҳ֪ΣطԭȵҪԶöࡣ
ջţϵģƶˣֹ鸡ϣǣħطܿƣŴջ
վݻѰٴпܣҵ壻£Ծƶ
˼ȾˣҪûҵȱסֹô
ջֿ϶ûĴѰٴãؽƣҲһüҪӦǣס
һϮ£ѹջƫڳҪϴŮҲûȤȥеԼʲôģ
Լĳ֪֮ߣͽ˰ˡ
ջʱ廹ڻ˯ɫ˺ܶ࣬ϵģȭתȥ
δģûջôÿģħǹĸģһϮ췢򵥣ƫδֲеĸо
ǺӺ죬ɽѩ£Ͼѩˮһ׸һʧ棻䣬ʧ档
һŵˣֱⱲֵ¡
ҩһģֻҪȢңʲô˵û·δæűģǵһԵŮֱЦ
ʱջĵһ
ʲʲôʱδֿ˻Ҫջ϶࿴ۣȥˮҲǲС
ү˵ӦʱɣŮ̽ЦѣδҲЦ㣬㡣
粼õã˺óһ̺ʱһߣΧҪ̫á
δôģȻʵǣױһ룬ͬ弱ƿǽˡ
δͷϺͮͮĻٿн޶˵Լʲô£Ӱ챾ס

ʱյģ˲ڣϵĻҲˡ
ɫһףѴҼţŮ⣬Ҳ˲ôֻ࣬ʵһǸأһͬ׽һ

ʮױջں̺Ƕ˱ŵӱˣ޷˵رһʮ갮һջ
ջ⧲ת˸ǳŵѵ΢΢˵ţҪס
ջĬȻƫʹƿ
δµһ£־˶赲״Ҵˣ֪ңңͼջж˸ˡ
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⻰˵ãôñ˻ص
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ܸоģΪҪö࣬һ򲻹
û򲻹ǿ˼ëοھһȺˣ˵Ԯأ
δһҲѸٸˣǲսˡ
ڵ弱ջҲûȥǿʲôܵӵġ
滪ҡȣվھݺĪԱߣ߿߱ҪõĶ࣬ŵƽʺͮͮģ˵㣬ǣͦġ
񣬺ǣ
ȵȣҼҸòǱ˰ɣ滪һ£ȣɹ³ʮʮ
ԽԽԵĻ񲼾֣ҼҸôÿǻᱻ¶ֵģ
ڵӾӶ࣬滪ôֱӦһ䣬ʦҲÿôʦ屻
û˵Ҳ˵ʲô
⣬۱˭񶼲Ǹ¡
ӷɢȥѰջټֱǰɵ˺Ų̤ʱڸоܾʱġ
滪ͻȻãջҲȫǻ£٣һο£Ǻңƴ˼ɫ
ݵһע⵽Լʦܣһôòصˡ


ͬĺ˷ָջɨһ壬Ŀбӵس滪ʵıȥ
Զߵջžݹְݵʦ֡
ûʲô£Ҳ˿¾ͺá
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Ī˼طֱԶߵջǰ壬ջ˼ˣϡ档
ϵ˻ûãձȳͱź޶һȥˣʱӹϾ¡
Ҷǰ缦ģҲһλǰϾ֮¡
ʧӢŵҺΪҩȹγʾϾա
壬޽֮û˶ӵҼΪ
ǱʾΪϾ֮¾ܡ
۵УҪ޽֮ôģݾ˰Σ˵ĵҲûڽԴҲôҽ޺ߡ
ħ֮Ѿ԰ܾˣҪǶսսȼ
οֹ塣
ʱҿܾͲֹôˡ
սΡݾλǸŵȨߣȪ˲ڣ޽ߡ
彫ߴˣʿҲɣҼӻ
ο¡ɨλ˳ϡ
ȫλȫλЦûλôĿɽҪȻҲᱻ˰ɽߵģûһǵġ
˵γվȷɢ߲գʳʿͿλʿ֮ʩԳͽ䣬浱ۡ
Ǵ󲿷˶޳ɶ忪ս˼ˡ
Ǳ㣬սֹս
Եѹ֮£ڿܡ
Ƶ󷨣ȻҲƵÿģһʿǧϮ󳲣ЯŨǱҽ޽ˡ
ʪؼգϳӵأؼʿǲ˴Ͼǵ·
ʵۣﱲ˾ŵĴӴܣײιֱݺݵԶ
ǣҪְ
ԭΪӴ󣬵ŶƷ˵֣ǶⰡΪһʱ֮壬ǰǶˡ
̰ͼɫʱ䣿
ǶһϵңôӰɣ

 92 


֮⣬ٲʸʿңս֣Ʃ˵ջƩĪƣֻǣֺе
Ѿܾûվһˣ޳Ӱ⣬ҲԶ˳Բ֤˵Ļйȥ
Ī滪ضȥ滪粻ֻջҲֲϾֲֻ֣зæôˣ
ջǾս֣ЩʿǱԽԽж·Ҳһ
ˣභô滪翴ĪƣҲ˵ǵٹֹ
ֹſʮɫ磬ԹۣǶܾˣ̵
ҪʱһˮҲǲɡ
ежΣδ󳳷ˣָΪ׵ľݣֻ֣Ҫܰ˽ˣ˶ڻ¡
һָָصݣ͵˿ⲻȥ
׵Ҳһԣô֪أ
Ǳɽһϵظǣԣ
ݷּϮˮһնϣԵʵѹ֮£òŶ
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ĪΪɽе⣬ʵҲԴչ¶УһĹ˱ѩ壬ڣҪ壬춨صʵ
ڻǣʲôӶǼˡŵֽһֻն֮ûôƮݣӦ˫ࡣ
ԪӤԲΪѹ˫
նͷ­֮ʱһг䶨
ԶֹۣΪǿԿ徰ÿһһʽģ£˵һ䣺䣬ͻȻǺˡ
Ǿĥܲܣһ֮ɡջΪıȻΪֹǣοоݣǻʹء
ʰоֲǾλҪ£ĪĥҪæʰо֣ΣϵߣҲ֮ˡ
ٲˣµǸ⣬Ӧǽ御ն֮ƽߣЩΪĵӣҲԽųͽĥĥԺС
ĪŽڶѨںţɱûȤְˡ
ЩĵӸСЩַһβģУĪĪˡ
˼иʦֵѣҪʹϵʿҲĪư־ܾʾֻһߡ
ǰЩݻǴ󲿷嶼еĶϰĪƼһϢʱöȥܿС
̶ԲԲţ˻ţʳɣ屨ȥ͸ñ𣿡
Ҳ֪ĪƹЦЦǡӣ˽Ⱥ
˵еĪӦȻߵøʹЩ
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Īգգۣ˸ƣһ㣬̡
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ǾͲ
á
⻰˵̫ˣﶼ۲Ͳڡ
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ġ㲻Զġ˿ʦ㱣֤
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˵⻰ȥͽĪһԭء
°ԵӰԴĵĬ˾䣺ʦ𣬿ɲҪͽʧ
նδдһϢȴǹ³һȥǸĽ
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ңʯĶݵὣЩˣԺ̲סطĪЦдЩĵϸܵĴʹǰδе顣
Ӵ˵ʲôϹô֪ĶδһЦľͱƵ֡
ĶҸһʹ졣ݿнû
δһ죬÷룬žǴһģƾʲôΪϵĶ
в֪֮˵
ðɡδ˱ۣŬԼҪֱΪʲôãһΪһĶ
ʲôطӦñҸǡûȤϿ̷࣬Ա֪£Ҫ͡
˵ĶԡδĬƬ̣Ҹ㣬ҲǺˡ
ڣ򡣡
δ˵ǼٻģʯʵϽһС
ȷʵùЩΪʲôҪԸأ
һҹɫδҲ֮лԭ״СһҶࡣ
ɱ׼Ѻ
ΥҲΥɣû˸˵һ֣ʵ͵λˣ١ɱҪѺĴҲû˸˵Ĳǡ
һһɫ֮£ϣһγΪƺԥ
ȹ˽꣬Īµĵ꣬µӣδƱػᱻڳϻ
ΪݵͽܣԣҲӹµˣʱûʯôסơ

 93 


ݽն±˲˵ͬŲʣ޶ʱлͣ޶˲ˣҲͷŽˡ
ʦʲô޶
޶ˣҺˡݵߣӺң֪һʲô
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ǳضɱڼһ¡
ջδʱˣٻر죬ĩｫ
һϾ֣ת˲عȥ޽棬ںҩȵ󣬱˿ͷһ£ʵʰҪڵİš
ƺעǸ¶Ƶݣĺݾֶμ˲ķƽϾ˺ʳ֮¡
ΪϽҲϽıһˮϮĳ
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ȥϢκһˣһҶ¡
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ɸվҪϱᣬսˡ
סĬãʵӦҪʱͿǹἤֵĿԵģϾ֣֮˭Ҳ֪ʲôʱֵԼ
ڻֻϾսǴս峢ͷ²
˼ڸ˱ִ£˵ÿһԱ˾Ӹ֣Ψкɽȱϯһֽд˺ڶӭǣ˷㲻ˡ
ǡܾѹص˼ȱ˵ϯλɫЩѿֻһɢޣ˵ĹؾλܸմʵȨӵܣ˹治Ĺ涨׶ҲڣɽɵһϾܲ
˳ۣ漴ֽȼ֮һȺԺ˷֮󣬵ԽԽ޽ˡ
ȨҲҡҡͷɽɽ·ߵڵڶͷñȡˡ
ʱҲԼ棬ڹǧǰǿʤǿħ壬ǶȻҲʤЩزص壡
ĬȻλһ䣬ǲǧǰ֮սܼĴۻҲ˲٣µ޽磬Ƕϲһôȵġ
֮޾׵ʿʧ˴սУǿɱ⽣ɵʿҲһݣӶǽôϢȣ
ˣ˵Ҳܲս岻սˣǽ¶Χľġ
οʦֱչ֮ãҲ빦ɻزԶˣʱ˻ܵҲòô֮ˡ
˿ڲ裬ЩĵĻƫʱеӴæ
ɱˣʧɫǴĵεòУæӦǱ滪ǰݻᡣ
Ŷ찡˿ڱԭ򣬲˵һԱ˷ǰݻᣬ벻Ϯµġ
滪һϮȣƺƵظʮλӣЩﶼһȣеľϻҲӦ
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滪ǰݻᡣ滪ҡһЦ
æõ
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˵ϣû˲һõģƽУû뵽Σ֮ȴͦǧѺɽɿҪõĶˡ
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⡣ջīҪźʵЩ࣬ǲ˶ҹæ
ҹֵͬܣ̰ǵٲҹͬӰӣгǰʱ
ֲģǱ죬ô˵ҲǸɣ´ٲǵġҹִö໰ٹͽҲ޷´£Ǳ첻һʣǲվӣҲҪǿվӵġ
һͨҪĻǾֲġ滪翪ȣôڵȣϲ̫Σյ棬ҹһ
ջȼ˱īδɵţĪԼˣһʱԣ󣬵ûþͳư硣
滪䣬ֹ˴ڵҪûʲôҾˡ
Ҳˡҹӻ
ȥɡջû̧ۡ
˳·ɡ滪ҹԶЩƫҹһ֪ƵģŻ鲻̫á
ֹ˼̫ˣЩ֮⣬ҹ˼ҲҲϲԶЩ
˼Ҳٲ˸ɡҹһЦ֮滪Ӱ
Щ󣬴滪еĻôĻƽܸñƫЩ
ƺҲÿһ˶ƫġ
Ǿǲÿ
⻰ƫģ˭˼
˼ȻƫЩġ滪һЦһ΢䣬˫ҹһǴ˵ģôЩϻ
ðˡֲͤڣҹһݣٻᡣ
滪ɡЦҹȥıӰֱҹʧתǣɡתȥ
Ҫˡ滪֪ģֹضֻһźţջ̷ֵֹϾʵһ¡
ԭݷʱô˵ڻ޷佫¶ϴˡ
ֻǲֹ֪ʲôʱƴ֡

 94 


Ͼ꼾жųʪζƫҲϴˢѪ
սǰصϾĻ̻̣ʿǰҰðǲڱЩССϢһ룬Ͼѹ࣬Ҳѹֶͨ˳üչˡ
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߸ΧĳǽͷǱյ÷ʽ󷨵ĵĴӹ̸ǳػ󷨣Ľޣֱӱս
ְܡ
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սݣ˲٣ҲڴʱϽ߸֮£һֱڱӵĺߣһˡ
ĵѼԮϽǵ˲ȱϽ
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ϽóԵĶࡣ

ĪɣݻֻˣĪ嶯ʦ廰
ã
ϽĶڽϽؽǰͻˣ˭úôűУΨջعأһɫҲû˸˵عؾˡ
һ·ųһֱңڶȥߴߴĪƽŻջվһסݵߡ
ϽķƫЩҲƽķỨ㣬̻ѪζЩ
ųһն˹ϵǰڶߣڶûϽ£ǷŲ֪ʱڳ
Ͻ꣬ǷֱɡɢЩ飬ҲֹסңߴߴĪһԼԼʦòãλס졣
У룬ΣҵҪɢЩҲǱҽɲͬЩϵȻңãĺܴԭǣų
װңС߶߶
ʲôΨһĿ羰ĪĴת
ϸ岻ϣǾȻһӣզģʦַˣ
㲻Ҫ˵ĪȻǻԼʦ̫ʦͽϲϣʦĻƴǻϵ˼
ʦ˵áңƲƲ죬ûɲ¡
ң㣬˵ʦĪ򴽣̲ס˼ʵʦʦôͲˣ
ϸϸңĪĩˣȻų˵ĻԶҲûãͼľһϵİ
㿴ų״ӣ״Ƕһģƫų˸岢е״ͽܡ
ɣ״ʶСʦ塣
Ҳ˵ʲôɣ˵׼ʦͽʲء
͵͵˵ܡңĪЩɡˡ
˵ĪҲ͵͵
ʮǰ˸£˵˼ԭ֪ųΪʦ׸磬Ҫң˵СĪȴһ
ĪһĬˣųҪΪͽܣǶ𡭡
ɶˡ
Ҳ֪ңֱ׳廹ǣöһأ߽䶼ˡ
Īɫһ䣬̷߽׶̢֮ԪӤ֮ϵĵ̣߽̣֮ԪӤһס߱ޣǷ˶Ĵ
ңʮǰҲͽŰɡĪţ˾䣺ԣôģ
ʦ￸һްɡңգգۣڻֻ˵ûмĳ棬ۣӴ򵽺޹ϣųŵãͣˡ
ŶĪ̧ԶȴüԶʦͽˡ
֮ʦͽҪǹϵãҵߡ
𣿡
㵹һҿ
Ҳ

һҹǰ˸ŵɽȼĻɢһ˿⣬ǷԲǺͱڵʿһΨջҹһˡ
ջûժңԶЩСֹ뿴ոɶ˼嶼ûء
Ҫʵ𣿡ĪŻѡ
˵
ǣԱɱְɡĪԼҶͣӯ
ֿʼǲ㡣ң˸֦
ⲻʵʵ˵Īһ㡣
ͣˣĪҲȥҳԵˣɽֵģҰ࣬ĪժŸҶƤִġ
˲ֹһջĪһСջǵݣҲ
ջ𣬵żǻһˮģܾúԣ
ĪưԼ˾䣺ڡ
Ȼʵϲʲô£ջȷʵиëʲôƫġ
ջһĬӦǣˡ
װأĪգգۣЦЦؿջ֪ˣƽ˵϶أǣѻ˵ˣ
ƫƫңˣĪ¿ԼҶ֣ţո䵥ˣߣ
ңһĲûȥԲۿŵյЦݲõĪƣǰô֪ĪͷôأҲԡҪͷôϲʦ
Ҳҡң˰֣ջΪһ󾳽磬ĸժ˼߰
ջûʲôӦתط
ңǴĪѵ㣬㡭ǣ˭ո۴ù𣿡
ңţҪùơ
ʲôġĪƱۣӣڲʱͬ˹Ҳûʲô¡
ң˵ոƢͦõ֡
Ī˵úең̲ס븽һ£һ侲ˣѺõسĪЦЦ漴˫ĿԲɣ˲Ƣ÷ɣƢãҲƢð
ֻǸС飡Īתͷܡ
ңǿ͸ˣ˵ˣĪ˾һѰɣͣ˵˾ʦ͸ˣȻֵûʦҪ

 95 


󳿳⾰ãһʺɽ¶׸ҶƬƿһյĻ
ĪƺңҲʵ֤ɵܴһ̫ãͳȥˣһҰֹ
忴ľӣʮʮֱֲ֣ܳ˵ˣԻ˸˵ʦֶʦֿ㲻Ծӵġ
ǵԶ˾ǰС˵ĪקžţҪһľ󣬽ⶾ֮Īǽһˡ
ĪЩس壬ľӷŵңðɡ
帴ңǷϽˣ֮ͨʱڣǲҪðյĺá
ңգգۣȻû˵ʲôúÿ˵Ķԣңͷľӡ
µĽǣ˶˸ڶ߸пȥҰ
ұġ
ǰˣ㡣
ˣ𣿡
ᡣ
ɶҲᡣ
԰ɡĪһ٣̧ͷԶɽ½½죬·ȥƣ֪ôȷԼûȦġ
Զɽ֮ҲǣԸţܲҪ˺ڰУʿɣɫλС
Ůһ٣ʣҪô
ϷȻҪȫסһЦ
Ů̺һ䣬϶λϵķԸȷڱλʱô
ңңʿʱԤϵˣǲδ˵Ҳ֪򣬶δ³
սһλ
Ͻˮ࣬Ϻȴû٣ǵˮɽ͵ַ뽮ڶǲż˹·ˣ·һΣĿ޹⡣
ƽϮ壬Ѽʮߣе޵İҲܱ֤կưˡ
˾𯿴ƣ˶ã˵˵һ仰֪нյģһССȺͼ߽
ԸԮң⡣
ǱȺ𡣡һȦ֮գЩˣ˼ҹֺ𣿡
˵ģҲΪʵ
ǼȻˣԹβܵġŻ˵ӣҽΪ壬벻֮˵
滰˵á˱ۣǱǧȺȴ߽˼ǣ
ǰ
ضԣһ˴ȥϮ֮صġ
˵Ǵ·ˣһ·ϼȲҲͣ
ǵִǰطʱϵѪˮûȥŢдۼйε˿ϢţҲеӡ
˼ԶɷǵģЩǱؿЦŻӭԮ˺ܾ˵˾䣺ȻЩܲô̽Ѱġ
۲߽𣿡˼ԶĻңʾ
˰ˡ˼Զڰ֣ʶңųҲʲô˵ĺʱԽϽƣϮ֮ҲãΪס֮ط١
ǻаңͷ֮ǰΪϽˣϾ֪ŵĶʵҲ˼ԶôһʱҲر
ڸΪǣϽ棬󷨱ƻ֮ϹҲ޷ȫȷϣûн˿صɽ˼Զ˿ҹߵɣϽһǳҪģķߣֽбϽ֮ӳ⣬Ǳľ鷳¡
ԣǴĪƿھɫ˼ԶȫǰæǰҲ飬ûӳȥˡ
ЦҲ֪ϽԱңȻʧЦ
յİΣ󡣡
ȥӦ£²ֵ߰ɡ
ʿǲ۵ģЩˣתҹҲ˾Ϣʱ䶼ûС
á˼ԶûԥںҵӣԽ޺ҽΪˡ
ǶѣǰطҪˣӣṦ̽ټǿĴ̿ͣʺǰصս
Ȱ˼Զĵӵˣǲŷ˷ɢ֮ز̽ٵĶ
ԭ˭Ҳҿųڳɣʮ꣬һΪߣڣֱ˵ǻһĴڡ
κΣų˵һ˶У԰ձߣûаֻء
ֵŵᣬЩϽҪע⣬ŷһ飬ֻϽ㣬ȥˡ
ҹ֮ϣҪǶȥ
ˣھʣ壬ҲֻʣջһˣջУջһӣ𣿡
ջĬƬ̣Ĭص˵ͷȥ
һߣ֮µ˼Զ̽ͷ
ֶβǳҵ͹ˡ

ʱϽȺɽƣ̤ۼɽߣƺһƬǿͷɽ͡
ջһǰһţ̽̾һֱûɽ̽£˱ȽϺķ⣬ʵǼ򵥵ġ
崹ȥƺһƬȵףһ̫ɢżɨʱ׵ɽˡ
֪£ָߣãһжˣʸмȫϮ
һΣûסһġ
ǰջͣ˲ӻͷ
ô
ҡЩָߡ
ǾͲջֵǰջоõģʱ廹ûʲôӦɢηˡ
岻ôڵգգۣһָɫס˫ۣջ˵͵ڡ
ڶջĵӣһǰһľ룬ֺΪһָЩͬˡ
ûųʶȥ֪ΧȥǰˣһƬУȥܣݻ硣
ˡջһ䣬ǰĳ֮£ֱֽס
ллԼҪȥɽ£гջ˹ȥ
ءջܵģҲ֪ллݻĳֻ߽֮
Ȼɽջͺ̽ˣԷ䷽Բʮ̽ʹɽɺܰ
ʮڿ밲ȫˡ
ɽ·ջǣ岽ỺʱʱҲôǣݻصģȻһݻؽڵľ£š
ݻܺܰоõġ
ջǣӱϣʱڣǰ˳ˣľҲˡ
ǵֺ޷޷µģջߵ˲
һߵĪãڵž·ˣ̧ͷһۣôһڶӣ

 96 


Ҿһ·ģ·ġĪ̾˿ָ֦߷һˣֱײһˡ
ϡ˻
ĪƻͷȥȻҹڵأ
ˡ
㣬߰ɡĪһ䣬ͬһģһĵڶ˾ͳͬھ֮ǰķֻ꣬ĪƱΪΣĪȥڵӻϡ
ĪơڻóΪֹţ֮ǰ˷Ǽ١
Ͻڵ
ֹƵֹһϮ۰壬īڽڣþλǲŭ˵һۼע⵽òΨҶİ֮¡
ֻҪվǶ;ϴ˭λߡ
֮תһЦֹϥüǲûš
Ͻֹ˹֣ûжදһҹվ
ֹΪͶ֮£ջȻѾһˣԾտƾҪһλ߲ܷ
ǲͬȺϵĻĵôˣֹ½öýģֹˡ
ɫˡֹ˲μ϶֣ҼҪԻһ֮ŵ
֮գұؼգηη͵
ŵµġЦĵû䣬Ϲ֮գ幰ַʯ֮ʱ
ң
ǣ˫֮ܣ֮𡣡
滰˵òˣǲǳŮСЦ˲٣ӭþ͹ȥˡ
ջ֮ǰĵҸԼǰᣬֹʲôĲµġ
ӮˣܸƽƽٶزأˣҲսһвǴԭˡ
ֹ겻ʮ뻯ʿ˵ڣΪԣʱϹҲûмģ˽紫֮Ϊ鿵ã˵ѡֹ֮
㡣СðˮߣһüãҪؼϲ˭ǷǰĪˡ
ôˡ㣬ǸˮתʿϽˡ
ôԼòֺ
ң½Ͷ֮һˮת򣬴򲻹ô죿ˮ١
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ҲҲԡüΪˮߣˮϵϹϢҲңң֪ôһΡ
ջоϢǾֻһˣľ
Ҫ£н㿸šķֻĶõĺܣΪ˰󤣬Ҳðյġ
ǿеˮתߣʧïУ˸յϢⱻ׳˸߰˰ˣ߲¡
岻ڣջܳĬܾá
ջ廽ջ̧
һ֧ϸģЩСĵ˵ţ֮ǰ˵ĵѣǸ׹㻹Ұϣ
ءջһ٣Щôڵȭǰһݣ̯ʱµո׹
ŵġջҲ֪ԼΪʲôҪͣɿʧܾŲڡ
ǡǣԼңﺬЩϣƲסش΢䡣
ջ΢е봢ռ䣬ұȽϷѵѣҲ档
ٶеѶ֪˶֧͵ģչǱЩЩɣ
޷ģٸѹ´ǣôܺջʱ䣬οջܿġ
ջûٴֻǺܾԺŴһỹġ
⣬ջ˴ӲջӲ񣬳ȴֹģϸĵ׹յĵһ˽
أǶġ
߹ĵطĶ̵ģϽǸĵطʲôɽִ㶼ܻһӵ˼ңżСĸϼ
ϡϡİ̯ҲǺⶫܲȥвϽеĲҩʵҲУɹɵҲС
ջҩĸȤȻڼж˲ӣջŲҩݣﻻ
ԭЩطϡ٣Ǯĵطʵڲ࣬ﻻЩһɽ˶ԲõĽ׷ʽ
Ͻҩݣʢһ鱦ʯ
ЩȻѾƯˣټ΢̣ʤա
ջС̯ǰţ̯ϯض൱̯ͣϵĶܾ࣬ɣûйֹۼʯˮܽأȻȥΡ
ջһܽʯǳ΢ɫԲܽʯһ͸
ʺһˣ˶ɫջҲ鴮ʺ
պʹ·ʱͼջѾҩݣ͵һ·
չ΢бĺʱֵĹ⾰ǰѵ÷Ż˲Ӻ磬ֱֻʣʱջŵ˴
񡣡ջô˵ģ˵ʱĿбӵǰš
忴ջգֵͷȥܽʯ¶Ц򴽰ſ⻶ϲûסЦüۡ
ллҺϲջ鴮ûаԥشϣܽʯֵĴ΢ȴĵȵġ
һΣǶӮô
һΣȫʧɻѡ
һ·̲סѾµܽʯһˮס֣˵ȤջһϮɫ䵭ý飬ĵһﾹȻܽʯ
ѹ´ǣ̲סһջֻˣ컹ûڣջҡ
ʦ壿ոɣõĴȻϣУĪҲֺǺǵ
ջźۼ˺룬ĪƣڵӣпҪɺüһˡ
λʦֶкߣֻΣΣҲ֪´κջʲôʱˡ
Īƺ޴˱˵Ծԣգգ۵ˣǲ˵⻮ķΧ̽ˡ
ǰɡ˵ͷָС̽ʱڵͼϻ˽ģȻһҲ˵̽ˡ
ǿԻȥϵˣĪһ֣̽Ҫɽ¹ȣȥģ̫ˣϲ
ɣȻˣһ߰ɡӦš
ĪЩܽʯÿҲʦһʦĶģ
żȻ񡣡⻰ҲˣĪʼ磬ǰ档

 97 


ǰطߵ״ôãʱʪɽͣһδ֪̾ᡣ
˼ԶΪϽָӣƣƫִ˷ܣ۵׵Ĺ⼸Ҫ·ԵĲĪսر
֮⣬ָϲĪơջ˽
ųţʵΪçʱһ˳УִȾѪʵ׽
ĪΪȥĶҪ˴ŵģǡҺųһò˵ųԪӤκλڿԣҲ˵ǣ
װͨݵĻҲһնˣֻնݳ
һҪ𣿡Īǻ֭Һĸкܴܣ⻹ܻεĻ֮Ѫ
նݲ紵ųû໰ּǻԭܧ
Ī⣬ӽϰΪģĪƱ˱ۣûٶ໰
Ͻƣ洦ݷĿǰݾϷ磬ȥ˭֪أϾǸվ˼ĺߵ˫ش
ɽɼֲϲս֮սΪôһս嶼ϵ̫á
ĪŽɢظڵΪڵӣԺܶ˶ԣֻҪսҾ͹ˡ
ųҲǻسʱųպ˵˾仰ôôˣǸ
ǵ޶ۡĪƲ⣬Ҳ󷽡
һһʱĬȻ
ǻصפʱҽҩæ֣һ֪ջ࣬ûȥ˼
㿴ǲǳе񡣡ңŹָָ㡣
ʲô񡣡ĪƲÿɷ
డңһ֣ϲıʻû
ĪֻۣЦ˼Ȼңʦţһҽһ
ҹֹջδʵĽһľ룬ĬջҲһľ롣
ǸԲ߷ĺӣⲻܳΪɡɫֹ߻ްҲֶġ
Թ壬ջԣֶֹֻΪҴҵϵİʯ
֪
ձߣȥѰɽ⡣
Ͻ壬ҪƻЩҲǵƵ⣬Ͻֻѹ鸽Ĺ壬ȴǴ໤ڱ
ϽǳϣģݷҷɢƵңʱҲ͸Ƭء
ҹϽջһεĶԸ
Ҫ𡭡üû಻ѣңˣֻʱĴæ׼
ջûƼˮİˡ
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Ͻ߷ڶ࣬ǽĺȽϾҪЩ˼Զʩӹһͷͨ˵ûģֻҪ٣ڶʿڣǽβơ
Īڳǽ¿ּ䲻֪ŶůɢߣĪ΢΢ֲۣ˲縧ҵķ
ȥܶطıҲɽֻǶǰ㲻֪ʱ᫣ϽǸĵطļůĺ
벻ͨʱ򣬾ôů˼һ£ҲʧΪ¡
ĪûԼ˶ã˼ԶűȤ¡
һϲսȻҪٸλšĪƿ̵̫ۣ˼ԶҲ֪ʲôëϲ
ߣôֹ˼ԶάЦݣվĪ
ĪûӳǽϷúý£ֻ֣ƫҾν͡
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ΪУο˼Զ˷ܿ˵ġ
Ǳ˵Щ̼Ĳ䲻͵ӰɡĪһֳɢԶ
Ѻǡ
ѭ֮˳Ȼˡ
˼Զ̫һԶŭֻЩ̽һؿǷܿϧĪûУҲС
˷彻ֵʿϷɳߣ𵤿ΪӣԪӤΪһսͳ˧ĪǹԹԵشڳǽ֮ڵĺá
ǽ֮ʿ˹׼ǳǽ֮⻢ǣĪµţԼû
ԳʱˣƫɫǳУȾѪ¶ѪǳĬԣԴ˿ڡ
ˮϴȥѪٷֹѪҩۣ˺ҩҧԼԼˣȫüͷûһ¾˰ٻ·ǫǫ塣
ĪЦЦֻ˶Լݵĳ̶ȣʵǶħ޵ķ緶ϧͶ¡
̧ʱĪһɵǣʦ壬ʹ𣿡
¡̧ۿίʦֶ㣬ͬڱ߽
û۵ʦǣƾͺܿˡĪƵüۣǲ֪ʦǱôˡ
ʦЩǵƥߣ壬Ҳܵйʦֵġ⻰Ǽ򵥳ƥѾǫˣԪӤԲΪѹʮ꣬ϣ˭֪ʵʻᵽʲô硣
ʦô𣿡Ī˷ϲ⣬ʵΪݵΪʵġ
ȻǴսʤʦֱʤֵߡ
ŵĵߣԹϾս֣ǲĴòԳ֣ʱйһǳأȶĵá
鿵ĸ֣ȶʿġ
ݴ˷йسʿʦ޶ˣ޶״̬ôãҲûƽƵģһڽУ㲻Ϻá
ɱۣƫ޶˻Ҫ߶ţǶɱ֮
һ׶˵ȥ㿴вɢ˵
޶ֻҵģĳƶбӦ
ҡʿССȱӦ
ȱǲ棬֮޶һȾѪɲǽ
ʱⳡ棬ֻһ޶ˡͷʿǱʮľϲݵ鿵
λͬá
鿵̫ˣ˫صֻһۣ֪ǡ
ȴʿݶʱ仹Ǹ޶˴һ𣬼ʦܸ򾲣ʵĵҲЩ޶ˣô£
ⵯ޶˵ӣвٵݵˣ˵޶ηηӷ緶سֶֻûдͨС
ӵݵ˵ҲУӳȥ˲١
޶۶ϣʦĪǡ޶˳žݰ˰ݣԸɱ壬ҲܷŹΪ֮
ֻڴɱۣ˭Щɡ
жʦֱ㲻ˡ޶ǸʡĵʦܣҲĬس¹֮ˣȻҲӸ档

 98 


ʦ㡣
ĪȼĵţΪһӣȼôһξСʯĪһֱܽʡŬֽ;ݣֱΣˣݵĹؼʣҲĸ֡
ŵľݸ³齣ЩֽϢ˵Ͻҹ꣬ݿ֣ɫĪдʱֽʾ֭ݵģ
ڵִʣ˼ȥҪĴǡ
ݷĪдãʻš

ֱ֣ʻȥӡͨĪƣչ˲Ϣ䣬һӰǰ
ơ
ʦ𣡡ĪЦüһյƹճδû֡
ϽΣ
ͦõģǡʦ𡣡Īգգۣ͵͵ƿֻ
½˱á
ǣʦ𣿡
Ӧġ
ʲôӦǣĪƲˣҲգصžݸĿڡ
Ҳ㡣򴽣ôڵ˵ţǰչض꣬û˭ʹ벻ǣĪһʣΪãȻʲôأ϶ʱ̲סǹ
Ҳ㡣Ī¶ЦֳͷһȥʦóԵġ
á
˼ǹϽս֣˲֣Է͵Ϯ
ʹˣҲܴʿܣǽ֪̽崳롣
¹֮ϣεĽ뼫סʱɫŵƮ֮䡣
һ壬ɫ磬ʱ⻪ΪԲɢûоκһλʿǰΪһ
й磬Ľָֻģ
Ľµģ⿪ȨȻҲУеӺζͲö֪ˡ
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ڴƬ½꣬ǧǰħ˸Ϣǧ꣬鿵ճҼƥе𣿡
ջţЩǶǻǧĴȿǱ⣬һֱΪ壬Ϊǧչá
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Ͻݸ֪ҶǼ⣬λϹ͵ԸһͶڣǧչϡջɨһȦǾͿһˣ鿵ͽ֮弫ɡ
˵ˣˮѾõǼˣǿϲϺЩڼɵʿ
ħ³˵׼һΣֵľǡ
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ֻҼ򼴿ɣԹ˲Ͼ֮ʱҶֱȡϱ֮ա
ϣԸ֮Ҳ³֮գҲŵɽ峤ȳѩԳͼ峤һۣҲ볯ջ˹֣ҵȣԸ
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ջúܼԣɽܶ࣬ЩѾȷϹôȥҲͼİ
˹ˣ壬ĸòá˵ıɽ˲٣ѩ֮ϣţƫ븲ת֣
ջԴ˺ܾòŴ˾䣺ûֹġ
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ֻۼ̫٣ҪĲŻ᲻ࡣ⻰ʵջ˵ԼǵڻţҲΪ˱ֹĶ
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ֹҪģƿȥ̽Ѱ֮ء
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ңҼĲࣿɽⲻҿɻ˺ܾҸ㽲ҼµȺ磬ҲҹѩϺͱϣԵģɺÿˡ
ԣջǶǶ䣬ôһ˲һʲôо
һѩҲԹСãҪʲôɽһ٣ֻҪҵֵһѩԭϣһץ㣬һȥѩ
ҪҲһô
һһɽҡͷѩеĵرǼǧ꣬ҲóȻȥժ㿴µܶ࣬ץʱҲŹС㡣
ļȡϣǰ
ѪŨˮҲ鰮ǶԺһͬܣһͬˣ飬ĺֵܣ򵥳ֿİ
İ
ǣҪҲϲˣڵܰųҾͲϲˡɽһ£֮þͺðǲûЩֵֹ뷨ء
ջָϺãмʼָϣСָϣָǲһš
ϼ˾˵֮ˣƫԵһߣ룬˵µĽ١
ΪȼĻ𣬻Ƕǰ̣

 99 


Ͻʱʱ꣬ĪƲ붯Ҳ״̬ΨһǷ塣
ǾһֽĪƻȥĪֽ⣬ֱ˹ȥ
ʱݸǰĪգգۣʦôڽһȥ
Сˡһ٣ƣڹʮգȻһرȥ𣿡
ðĪһЦۿžӰʧǰ֧ſģû˵ʲôֻʦֶһᰲ˻ȥġ
״̬ܲãϵûϹȾ˿԰׵˾ҡҡ׹ôᣬҲйء
ҸԮһ֧СӵһȥͺãͲɢϽˣʦҲǣչ˺Լɡ
ʦֲĵµġ˱ۣŷʵķҪ׸սܰվǲס
ҲСˣҲȫûзһЩҲһ㡣ĪǾܾΪһʱʦڣ˾㲻˵Ҳָ֮еġ
мǣΣΪء䣬ЩλΡ
ģ
ڹľмһʱЩ
⺯дˣ⼫ƼЩ֮⣬ȻʱûԽսΪ߷ΪڵȴͬԮһս
δĻȫţɾݻ̲ס룬һʯڼУǣ˷ȣҪǰǲǿ԰ʯ
Ҳͣа취Ƶľˡ
һʱߣֻԼƫԺﲻϸĪƵģЦ䣬ϣ񣬲ôŵֻһͽ
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ݵ̾˿Ǽ͵ȼĪƵʹرȥ

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ǳضˣźҲһȥĪԼһСλƣũµʳѾճˣȥ侹޶ˡ
Īվſ˻пС
ҹ˻ũҽޣũŷ쿴üۣȷĪƲŰ˷ŽСǸţðɳˣֳǶҷ˽
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ϵĲˮѾˣɾŲˮǺܲˣĪƿɣţϲ˵𣿡
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ǿɲɳǿˣ֣ҿԮ֡ũüۼ˷ЦĪưɳˣ˾䣺ɳɻҪЩҼƶȻûʲôóԵĶɻǹܹġ
ˣлĪһЦϲҽǼƣҲɿڵúܡ
ǾͺãǾͺáũϲЦտ
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Ī˽ʬûʲôȤֻ˼ջ⻢ҩʱְѻ˳
Īܸоһ֣ƺʹɲΪݵģаſеģȡΪ֮
ֻҪǱ˵Ǳɱ˵ģ˻Щߵתһ֣谭ģΪá
һûȤȻҲɱΪ
һڣɫѽĪ̧ͷ죬̤ǰмðʱִ򣬲ʦǡ
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ллɳ
ллɳΪ

ʧµݺᣬҲ˻ȸԾׯˣ⻢忪սɽ֣Ǵ׳꣬ϸ֪ټͥ顣
кĵʿǳա
ĪƵũŻ˶ʬ̲ס޵˶ϣԭ͵ߣ䲻ա
ũһ룬ҵǸʿˡ
ǿ²ɳĪƣĿǰŲ˼ı߱Ƚײзǲᱻ֡

 100 


ﶬʱϾתǳǷգĪƲһеҵ۷˼žݽֿܣпܵģӦǼˡ
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ĪţҲ˹򸽽һ̵ʿǵ˱ԸҰָߡ
ֱһϮӰٶȳǰ
ʦ𣡡ĪһϲֱǶȥ
Ȼƽˤ˸ࡣ
Ŀȫ̵ƾĿɿڴǰЩľݵǴ̤ǰĪƣĪһˤˤ˴ǣҲմЩ࣬ƫһЦˣġ
ʦ𣡡
ЩָۣĪƴǣţô
ۡĪգգۣЦˣʦͲˣ
·ЩҪݰ˷ȥգš
þòĪƲΪȻڱϵСҡ
ƾҲˣ˸Ĵָʦֶ⣬ƽˤ˲á
СʦðĪ˺ãңֱóŴֲڵǰһݣʦ𣡸
ǡ㣿β־ǺԵģֽˣĪģЩϲ˧˧ޡ
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Сʦҵأ·ƾĪ֡
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ʮһûеʦľ飬Ҳδ¹ˣҲʵʵ˵һ㡣
ͽŬġЩʧ䣬ʮһûж໰˼ԹŽʽȥˡ
šʮһŴ˿ûдͽܻԵ֪
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ƴʮһνʦͽħ޲ǧǧҪסұ챣Ҳ١
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ǧչ˽ʶ뾳֮ʮһԴûʲôڵһ
ǧչٹλҲǧչ죬һڷѵȻѰ֮Ǿ͵֮Լ
Ͳţ֮Ϊڲˡ

 101 


һƬУĪƻ壬ϵСҽ֮֮ǰһȦҲϲˣСצӱŸܴþá
ĪִСңûõʲôӦԸСһ˴о򱱾岻Һڱȴʵʱ
ڼˣּϽԮҽ޵źϽƶ߳࣬ʿϽҪľǲµĶ͹ƣһУпܻ췦
ִҺӣŸְһסʦһ֣˵̬ס
ҹư磬ƻǰϲƵĪҲԱˣĪƼϻվŷСңⳡЩ
˵ţһƬʣžݷӣĪһֳСצӸĪγͬҲڿݡ
ĪƲͷָһϵСëһԵ̺ȥͣʿ
Ī޹գգۣ˵ţС̫ˡ
ֻڣֱĪƲôߣỺ飬ĪҪȤ
Ī򴽣ȥ̺ϵСңǰûлצϵĹɡ
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ʵ֤ĪС쵰˵˯˲һ˯ˣپݴʱĪڶС档
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ҽ㡣Īס˾ţЩιСҰɡ
ĳֻڷëûʶԼӭʲô顣
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ҪƵҪƵĵĬ飬ĪϵÿһЭʱӭ˵һɹҡ
ҶÿĪһ㣬ְݸǰһݣ˵ţһʦȳԡ
֮ȻӦƾ֮ݵ߿ңͦÿ
ĪһݣɹþݴҼഥݿɵЦʦ𳢳Ūôء
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ۿĪһؿңûס˾䣺ƣôҪң
Īһ٣ͷȥΪû͹Ұ
ңʦλʲôˣңԼʦرЩĪƵߣЦݣʦңǶһ޶İɣ
ֻ㡣ݱ˵ңû˭͹λֻķݶ
һʱ䣬ҵĪЦøˣӦҲֻʦһ
ƶ졣ϴ֣һָֻƽղʳ˼̻ģ
Īưʣ°Ҳؽռ˵ţƶˣҾʵʵ˵
ѽһ˵ĪƣҲֻΪε̾Ī̽̽ЩӸĪҪˡ
޸ĪƾϧˣֻʯһζҪϹʯսݣĪܾ֮ա
һ鷳ġĪƵͷʱֻңңƺ˼Щʲô
ĪƵ߲ţúֵҪʦЩɣҲʱʱ˻š
ݿĪһۣЩĵ壬ֵңķ
ĪƺٺһЦҿ϶ʦģҲæ
ǣҽ

 102 


Īϰ²Ǿһͽ̵ģϾΪæòУƾ¾Īơ
ĪͶȫƫʮſջһ䵽ڰϵΪ֮ƾֵֶ̯š
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СĪƾܾҼ߳ˣ˵׼ҲܰЩæء
ͣĿǰɣԼ˾Ͳˡƾ˱ۣ̿ɢһصļ
Сʦ˵ʲôĪ򴽣ԸѼȫ˼Ͳ㲻̾Ͳ̣ʦȥ

ԮϽľתӭ˴һװԼͽܣϻŹͼͲ²ţʦ𣿡
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鿼һһ٣֪ô£ͽѧ治гҵġ
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ٿĪƶô°Ȼô֣ͣĪٲߣ˵ľͲֹһ˵۾ˡ
ƣȥɡ
ðʦ𡣡
˪ȥ޾ıĪƹúʵۼ߷ּӹ˲٣ֻգգۣ໰
Ϊ֧Ԯ䣬ܵͬʦǵһӭ
һϮڣѩ֣һ鿵˶֮顣
ĪƶڱϿŽһƬϦ£󲿶ӱúдȥˣ͵͵ģһ˴ſбĺֱҪ̫
ֱɫ½ʱĪƲŻվ˵ɫζ޼ɲ顣
òĪƴ΢һݣǱƿˣ䡣
˵ϽȱҽߣϽһ˰ɣҲøϽЩ

ѩ١
ϽľƣѾֹǽֵ״̬ˣ岽ƣڽڰˣභҲ̤սҪһǹƵĹǹĸϸʤһ
ǰ˲ƬϣҲûƣڲҽ޼ԮƶѹϽľƣɲֹۡ
֧µ㣬ųͽɱ֮ǿçײ֮˸ͷۡ
幥ңǷصѣк˲ʿӵӲãҹݽ£͸֧˳ףӹƸʱ֪˵ԸС
Գǽ׹ĸоܿգǰһ˲ߴҲûôѰˣΪƫһˣη£
ǻþ𡭡֣ģһƬɫ֮¡
Ƿ𡭡ջҲԼôˣǸϰҵôΪʲôҪ֣
ջתת䣬ָһĿƫ޳ָڣȴһ׺֮
˰ɡջ˱ۣڵӻһƣǲӰ磬һ䣺ȥǹĸ
ҽĸ˼Զָ˵򦣬Цֿųɨۻ壬С˵˾䣺Ȥ
ú˵СͯĶˣǹôֳϣѰ˼˼ԶҪϹ۹类ˡ
Һú˵öŴҴȥҽǣ˼Զ˷䣬ôͬĹѻӦõġ
˻ǵſϷͲ˵ˡ
ϧʵע˼Զʧ˴ޣջûûѡ
ſϷ˸յ˼ԶŷЦǵ뿪ˡ
ҹʱ屻ĵʹˣϸʹԹҧ˴꣬ѹʹҽʱڻʱԵǻ
䶹ĺˮʪ޽ǣҧʵջ𣿡
ʦ壬ʱˡ
һʹҧŴûɣֵֻҽƶ۵ޣ޲ֻܵŹҽơ
ĸƲôýġ˶ۡ
ǸĽףǺʲô˱һҲûô춯֣ɺͽһʱת
ô£ΪͬһѰôȻǺ̴һãôǡ
ĸơһ٣ĸƱ˵壬嶼ٵĺܣһͬĸӹ棬ӹĸƺѣҪγǲףҲ֪ôġ
ɹǺ󣬹㶨ˣıȻöãҲñ֤ǵİΣſľУĸ䶯ϣСֻӹǰĸƣЩֶġ
˷оŭ壬ɲ㵲ġ˲ǣǾ
ôᣬ˵׼ϥ֮ءһЦǺһ䣬ơ
ֻҪ϶˹ƣǻŰڲ
ӹɲͲҩ˵ģĸ˫֮ѡĸ̥ˣĸ̥֮ӹĸĸƣƳ
һĸƲô㣬ĸ֮µǲ
ôţźţǾģĻ񾳣ѾֹˣοϲϹˮϢ
ǿҲܿϹoģֻǹµһ˿Ҳ㹻Ͻ
ģӹƣҪβīҩɽ֮ⲻŪõĶԴڴˣҲûԵɵģΪϽǰ䣬ٺò
ɺŴ©һ˵ģҽһջʱţһһѣڣա
Ѿβīҡ

 103 


ƽٿ࣬Ҳ߳ͽֻ̢߽ɼûô۹
ҽⲻĸƣֹʹҩֹʣ۵ÿ־ѣǴ⾪׽ڵƻҡҷĬŲеҽ޲ߡ
ҩҩץ˱죬ϱҧ÷һƬҽֹʹҩշģ۷ˡ
ʦʦ壬ССЩҽв̣ҲҪҽ
۵ú֪ǺʱµģҧĿζҲľһƬ˿̰ͲԼʧȥ֪ǷʶҲѹɹʹ⡣
ʹģһƬʱˣЯų⣬ǷմɢµķҲǱƫҪԣ֪ҩ񫣬ٺһ
աջץסջ½ǣٿƲס£˵Щ£ҡҲˡ㣬ҡҾͲʹˡ
˿޵סսջ޶԰һãƫƫݲİƿ
ˣ
𡭡뿪ҡҾͲʹŬȡ˵¶ȣˮմʪջ½ۣۣôջٽЩ֮¡
Ρջԣƫ²ȥְ˴Լƿ
㲻ΡҵݻءЩҷſջһ֣˾Ͳˡ
ջݻء
ջҲãݻҲգ㡭֮
ջԼô˯µģͷһ֪ԼֹʹЧãҹĸƽһҹ⾪װ磬ջʩ˸һƿ˷š
Ȼݣһϡ
ȥ򡣡
û֪ջʲô״Ӻõ˾βīʬǶŰ껨Ҷǳֻһīܸذ
ԾβĻӯ͸ƫѪʬɽ֮С
ջīӯӯɢ⣬ǧ꣬ԴƣջɡͷһξǰĸôİģϸþƶˣȾ御
оβīΪҩĸҲûôˡ
껹£ջѵ˲԰֮ɫлɢŹ췼㣬˯úܳҲ֪ȻΪ
崹µ仹Ǵܽʯջۣر˷Ѩһڿιҩ
ȫ̶ûʲô飬Ͳʲô
ͣʱۣ߿յһƬҩ͸ҪʹȫʧԼҪɣҹΡ
ƶʹ飬徲ҽϣૣðôᡭĸư
̫ˣʦûˡһ֮Ҳһԡ
ȥ͸ҩûһҩҩʲôҲ޼Ѱǡȥ硣
üƫ̽Ѱߣֻţ츮ջء
ҩΪΡеӱȭ
˻ʾ֪һˮҡҷݣĸ˽ò࣬Ҳôý¡
ؾ˼Դʼܴ죬ջʱǼýҲֻǿƼ򵥰ˣ˼Դ֮Ҫķʿپջɣ˭֪Եӷ˶
һʱջ
̸ĸ֮£ջһδƵĴ۾ǲڵġ
ƫǸۣ岻Ը˼Ҳܷ֣϶˵ˣΣɿģһ
ջæһֱæиָæµҩж͸˵ʿһæûϢļ϶
֮Ҳȴ˲٣ΪԮ塣
վҩﲻԶæµɫӰһҩݹʱ˰סˣǳջ
嶯һ٣أҼҸϲ˽Ӵ
ջֻɨһֵߣŸζҩãȨڡ
ҡ򴽣֪˵Щʲô̽ؿջ壬ڵӣ˷Ͻ塭
ҼҸĲڡһء
߶ˡ幰˹֣ջһδ޹ء
ԶˣջŶ˶ۿҽҴңеҩҲǶ֢µķ
ϽѰһգů˶ԶɣϽĳ㣬ûкѩûз˪ʱ֡
ҹ纮Щȼĵƻůһңɢ䣬ջдҩϣٹź
ֽչȼ䣬ѵ롣
ջʣһʱ˶Ƭ̷𣺡ϲǣ˷Ͻˣ嶨Ȼ޹ϸ𡣡
þβī£Ӧֹ֪ģջçײ˼ǰ˴Ȼ
ԶڼĪϵ㣬Ȼ¨յģҲ˸յ¡
ջʶ˿ʮ꣬˺ε᲻ΪջˣǸ¶ϵģô˷ִ硣
βīʲôʬɽһ꣬ÿһ껨ҶپŰһīɻ
ĪһμβīڳջʱΪ඾ѹ֮ǧԼ˰īó
ջһϲԼ˭֪ķѶӺõī
û˻ĺõģ޴ĪƵ˾䣬Щ£˿̫򵥣ҲͲʲôˣס˵Ķ¡
ҲջԲϲҪջ˲ֹ˭ϧӢš
ջӦִڿдĪ̧ۿ˿Ļµķǣνƿȥյ¨૵Ϲˡ
ֹĻǲֽأѧ滪ɵУҪĿɲʲôͽ֮λҲֹ֮λ
Ī¨ʱǡÿеľҲƽ̹˴ȥĪƵһ¶Цʦ𣡡
ôͣĪǰĪ˵ҪЩ
е㡣Ī򴽣
мǳʱഩЩñܺ顣һĪ⣬һ·ϲŲ˲ߡ
ܺŴҾͲ֪ĶȥˡĪҡͷԣݲţǸʦãʦҶഩģ
ѽ㡣ݰΰǳ̾˿ͦæģ̲סǹĪƣĪǹԽԽηˡ
ʦҵ԰ɣĪǰ˾ǰ
ݲһ٣ԡ
Īƺܺú壬ôһЦˣս˵ţҲʦ𣬱˵ʦģϧ
Լյ¨µĻԶ
㣿
ҲáĪһ֣ͼ£˸־һַôƱĪƻˡ
⡭Īһ죬ʱʦ̫Ҳ֪Ǻ»ǻ£ҪʲôܸŪ

 104 


Ͻս⣬ǴɨսҪ׵öˣųһеŵӼӹ̱߷磬һжõķת
ΨһĲȱջڱ
ջ
ո

ÿһΣ嶼ûܰѻ˵꣬żȻײųʱ˾䣺аħᡣ
аħͽҲзִ磬ʦġһݣǲбʦͽ飬ųһڸ֮ϣûͽܡ
Ըʶ䣬ҩɾȡų俴壬Ըٶ˵һ仰
ǴŵӴųռӹϽǷ󷨣Ҫֲ١
ʱջڶ޸һۣǳܣǳˮɫһϮɫҲ⡣
һϣϲһˮֻס
ʾ£ջãֱջػصʱſ˿ڣո̸ܲһ̸
޻˵ջûֱӾܾˡ
ϽȶѾڿǻǧչˡ
ǲô򵥷Źˣߣ׷˷綼㲻һˮ۵ܴζԣǿ˵ֻú̸̸һʱòá
ͬΪıջһͣ˿
мҵʲôͬ
зؾջ壬㿴壬콾ħޡ
ҹħʧ̬
˳ǣȻһֽץסջ䣬ʲôǵãʣģټ𣬵治ΪҲֺ
ջûп
˵ѡƽջЩָ⸧ջüۣ㲻˵ѣΪβҿң㲻˵ѣαԺıԴαίߣαΪҶβī
ջһĬ䣬ĳΪʦţΪ鿣ΪڣǷҪ
屻ջһģ۵΢죬ֹסΪοңǧƽʱΪλҡ
ҵ鴮ʲô䣬һܽʯƣƫۣջƭҡҲƭԼ
ջĻӦһն鴮Բܽʯɢһأ⽣ûֺƫ˺顣
顣ջһۣϣƫҪһ䣺֮䣬ֿԡ
ǱŹȥǲŵؿɢڲݴеܽʯҧҡҡͷ͵ͳôҡջ㡭
ôҡ
Ŀջˣջʧʱ˵ĵ͵ͰǱѰ֮
ˮģߣɢܽʯףһԼʿݣֻƾűѰеܽʯս˿ɿ
ȥʼǲôš
ȥһƬŻѪжû˼ˣǲˣںۣĸƻۣĵ״˺ѸУҪĴ
ôҡݻءģһƬ㱼䣬Ҳûˡ
ںĵ嵹ϽļΣҽļߣҽһָϽһѶ
Щҽ˼Զҡҡͷ飬˼αء
˵ˡڵӶɪɪСͯ˳˼ԶӣΪڵһˣֱҪ̫ߺǹֻƵģҪǱڵ˭ķݣ
һųѵһۣɫ࣬Ҳ֪̽Ļû
ԼԸѣʲôӡ˼ԶǵȻ
ĶųȻ
ųҲô˵ڳȴ鿵˰ɣҪˣҲŵʧ˼Զһ˿Ц⣬ųʲôϵǲⲻˡ
ųһȻ᲻ʵĵӣ˲ձ㵽ҲΧ
ų⻰˵ˣ˳ʦڳߵԪӤ棬˭˵һ䲻ԡ
ǧչ
ع̶ɽԶջһֵ򦷢ŴͤпվƱǸ裬ټع̶Ψһˡ
崹Σ֮û滪ϢҲֻ˵Ҳãջ徻
ǾͲôܾЦ
滪£ȣһҽ֪ջӣΪ¹ֹƽϵġ
Ҫøô
ãǰ˲е
ջǲҲ벻͸ʲôֻһܾѡ
ϲ֣ʱܷⰲһݱ׵˺ʱˮջûֱĵ£ջžЩ£֪Ӻʱʼˡ
ɼʹˣջҲκֹıû˿ԣϵĴҵ
˵Ϣʱҹ˼ζԸľݷŭΣ
ϽѶʦļΣڵϦһݣȥɫ˭˲֪ʦֵףʦΣڵϦôܷĵ¡
ᣬƷӺڣʦأһ٣ЩϢȣ˵ƽ࣬ô͸ˣ
ѼϽձ
ԣļΪʲôḴݸʣĵôЩ²⣬ֲȷ
˵ǣĸ֮Ϊǣ˾ɼӴ
ĸƣ¾ݲ֪һ˵ڵʱԼʦ˶ٿࡣ
ƽô
δ֪
ݱ˱ۣ˵ϽѶҡ
ǣ

ϽѩΨġһȥһֱûתƣֻôţ˯һ㡣
Уһˣ£ջվ¿ôţһ仰Ҳ˵Ѿ㹻
ֻ˲Ϣصǳȥݻһָڲۣ崵򵥵Ӱ涣Ҳᡣ
һʱܺܰ˻῿ݻؼȥ죬Ȼֵס⣬ƫҪָ̯ιϸй£̾һ䣺Ǹݻء
ݻػеѣ磬ʾԼ
ݻһ٣ݻػջ
⵱ջһӵ۾ҲԶǣߣΪжƪ£ɽˮ򴨣ҲѰİš
ջȴջ˫ҲҪ㡣
һ㱣ֻص£һϮ£ڲۣôվţ֡
ջһһ٣ȴʮּᶨ
Ȼǰ·ԨɣҪԸ

 105 


˵ִϽʱûתƣţ˯ˡ
屸µʣ޼еȷΣû۶ϣųʹҴˣǲԸذݵʦ㡣
վͽܣֺαˡûιҩŻͷȥų
ûкħ年ͽܡ
㡭ˣȥɡ˻˻䣬֮˵ļкܾȻ˻һͱȥ
˶Ѩʩ룬ٽѪ˳籸õҩӼ󼴿ɡ
ʱŻѪٻյѪ³޺
̧ʱۿɬԣ۵ɢˮҲᣬְ̧˰۽ǣƫЩɱޣһޣܾ˽Ը㡣
Ӳ˿ɳΪһˣʱѵӣҪˣƫҲһһģƷµ֪ĽҽʲʺҽҲʵ
˿˵ǿ峤ģ⺢ӣСúãҲ£ҩͬ飬ʦų⣬һ굽ͷҲһ棬̵
ǴʲôʱԱųģ˼ǲˣҪ׷ЩʦΣһĺӷһţҲʡ
ûͬʮʱƵģԼ͵͵˸ؤųӲ޶˵İӣҲô˳˳Ľˣꡣ
ʾеõԵģ𵤣ǺεȵĿš
£Ԥϡ
⺢Ǹ۵ģúãҲãֿϳԿŬ޽
ôģɱͻʮ꣬ɽԵİݷãͬʱҲ˶¡
ǸϹħѪǵħΨһ
ƺδƴ壬ӵộųڡ
ĵ׵ܵܣ״ӣԳͽħġ
һ뻤סħжǱһּ˵ϡҩļ˸סһһʦֶ̲סȰˡ
⺢̫ˡ
ħ壬͸
ħǣ⡭
ڿҪһħľǣ
ųʦܣ

Ժͱˣͷβ֪ƴˣǳЦ⣬ҲΨſԣҲʵЦˡ
˿ΨԼ
У˼Ƥֽ˺εۡ
ʦ͵ͳ˿ҵ治ֵô
ֵáԤеģǰļʼ֪Ľˡ
Եɣѡ·վҪԼȥ
΢ۿĬã˸˸ɢµķ˵ţʦһȰ𣬾Ϊˣٶˡ
ҷŲµģʦ
ͽۣ˼
û˵Ŀܣֱ˰װеܽʯݸôһ˿ɡ
Ų£Ҳñ湦򣬱˿Ц˽ҵݸ壬⻰Ҳ֪Ƕ˵ǶԼ
Ų¡Ҳý˿Ц͵ظһ飬Ӧס
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ԸΪĳһ˷׵һУ˻̫۵˪ּ֣֮䣬վһθҵġ
սнңһȥܽʯͷƳѪ
֮ϽӲĳƲҵǧչҪƽ͵ö࣬ջ̶֮ڵع֮⡣
ŽԾȥ룬ٹǶԵŸǶԵ
Ŷԡ
Ƹ֮ˣúʲ콾ǣ˫ĸΪ˳˼
ҲֻǣԼķʽһ
ջں̶֮£ۣԵǻˮķɢֱһָȥ
ջʱһĨӹ۵ף⻪ۣһʱ֪˪ѩݣƫһ֮ʧɫ
ջ˺̶ˮܽʯſʱջֻ˰֣û˵ʲô
ǧչ⸮Ӳˡ
᪽״ַ޳˲٣Ű滪ֱ壬ŵ滪ֱޣֱ᪼ȥ
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ᡭôᡭҶֹأ᪵ЩħˣƲסңЩѵȫˡ
滪绤滪һˣöӹסʧص᪡
Ǹһ־ת佫һСС
ҵĳʱõ˿ƣס᪼Ϥ治һϲֹأҶֹɰѶˣ
ٹпЪϢĺáܾҡȣЦǳǳ
̫ģ˵˸û˵һ
ֻ᪲Ϊ׵ջţֹأӦġ
Իŵջճ룬һ᪾ɻĲȥ
ǰ㻹ǵĺá
滪ܾز滪ҿ᪣ֻظţȥȥ
ҲҡһЦɫŤòνֲ
滪ԲҽҲۡ
滪ǰ缸򶨵类꣬ѰţҲġ
˵⻰֪ͣߣ滪粢޹ϸ
ӡؿ滪磬Ҳ֪СôģԽԽκһԸʶ䣬ֻӡ
ʲôӣҿɲã档滪һЦ˲滪裬С裬ǻȥ
滪ųܲô̼滪߼лҲͣһ֮ǰ滪Ҳֻܰúˡ
ڣֹǮ滪ྸٵһһ޵ģ滪Ҳϣ滪ԼСͬ˲̫Ť
滪ˣջҲˣĹλʵǧչҪλҲ类ֹԼ֡
ֹĺʤһ˶µԼʱֹ˳ǧչ
֮ǰ᪲
᪵ֹֻҪֹҪͲ
ֹõġõġ԰ɣڼӹ̻󷨵ջ
ջûֻõ
ֹ⾪˫֮ţʷĻ񾳣Ϲʱţʱ˺Ұļߣʲôġ
ıһµ壬Ҫзʱ

 106 


ѩ̫˹·ļﲻѰʿܽ˵ģʿ²Ʒһͬ塣
Īƹʵʵң֮⣬ǲսѩ֮⵶⽣Ӱ
Яһ˪ʲѪۣüۼҲ˪ѩ
ʦôĪִ֣һ䣺á
ǻȥɣ
á
Ʋãǲ˷ǰЩһ˲ٹϹ߲ˣ治ϲֲ˵
Ī˸ֳϣⱧŹЦģͼ˿ۣţôڣ
Īһ㶣ܵ޶ۡ
޶۳ȷƺרġ
ĪƲ⣬ֻŹЦſ۷ˣּʱЦҲ֮˲٣ԳĬһԲ
ʦ塣ݽæҲ˿ʱģƫһͼĪĬĬվһ಻˵
һĪƣְʦڳÿڡ
ͽܣ治а˼ԭΪʦ̣ЩʱգͽҲǺúˡ
ʦԡʶأһˡ
Ҳʵʵ˵һιķ˻࣬͵̾˿ݰҲ鿣˲ôһ޳ɵͽܵġ
зִ硣΢˴沵ˡ
¶ѾԵʱˡ
ס
ĪƱվһԳĬãɫãѹϷŻϣŲӵϻ㣡۸ʦ
СƢͦ󣿡һ֡
ơûס
ңƢ󲻴󡣡Īһ٣ž۸ʦ
˭۸ˣ˾ݺȲǡ
ҡĪҧҧͻʱԼ˵ʲôԣ˵Ҳû˾ݺȡ
Ī˵ݾͻֽһڵʦ壬ҵͽ޴֮㵽Ϊֹա
˵գݳŷ˹˹֣Ī뿪һ
ݺܾûЦˣķѩҲնԳǣҲѰʯټ
ʦ𡣡ĪƸŷս˾ݲ٣ž̫Ѩ˵ţҪԼ̫ѹܰ⣬Ѿܺˡ
ơݸסĪ䣬ãʵʦǲǺûá
ôᡭĪȻʧЦִսЩʦ뷨֣ľһߵ鿵˲ʶ㡣
ҡ
õġĪס˾֣ͷָףûɣõˡ
ݾĪãٶ˺ܾòŴҲܺãơ
ĪƵЦݼ򵥴⣬˫ǧǳǾҪȥסĴڡ
һõʯġݲԾᶨ룬Īƻ˵Žʲôѵпջúúһ¡
ǸѪɱ¾ķߣ֮ڵ尲ҵ֪ѩ֪֮·ʿǾΪǿߵĴڡ
ݽָ羪˸峤ɽ峤ε̾˿Ǻơ
˵ʯǼУǺ鿵ˣҲţħõľɣ
ƹˤ˵׼ḹܵС
˰ˣһɹʡѩԳ峤ҡҡͷ۱ڻǶǧչǲĴڣ磬ƴһѡ
ʿµľޱһĿѩɽ֮£͸һС
һһҹڱ֮ϣϮʱȻһˣ˼֮ϣǾ˻ȻҼ𣿡
Ǻ˲ŵ䣬ֻ˹ǣָѹ¡
ܿƵȥֻӭߣͣ
ôᡭ

ҹӭһλֹ֮͡
鲻޻ʢװѹ
Ѿ·Σ㲻ñ˰ɣСɴƿֹл˸Ȧ˵º˲µóװǼ
ҼԻ֮ΩԸԼľʱ干ա
Ӳš

оӣǰصͽǽڽڰˣͽ岻֪ʯĶݳڵţ֮ա
˾վ࿴žйӵֹ
ڿԶɽ󣬷ڿݷڣһŵƶģ֮һѶֵһн׷ļλˡ
Ȫ˽ϾڣǶԺͰϥˣˣģ㲻
ݰ˿˿ڣµĻֹڴߣ꣬ɢңɾôһ£ꡣ
ʦ壿ּЦŰ˰֣ҾڽнС
֣ҲûϣֻĬزн˼żͻƿڡ
ĪǸĶһ˿Ĵڣݷ϶ԹԵض˸СѩˣݻͷĪƸնѺõѩˡ
ĪƻʦҶѵѩˣ
㡣ݴ÷ܡ
Īüԣ򴽰꣬С˵ţʦϲѩҶѸѩӡ
ûвϲһ٣֪ԼԣЩʱԼԼ仯
û£ҶѩӳġĪѩÿ죬ϸ͹ݲСĶʲôС̸ⰡβͲݱһҡһҡĲӣӴ壬ֻû͸ˡ
ϲô߽ЩĪƶѳСѩˡ
԰ҺϲӡĪһЦûô˼ؿ˿ڣǺܣºͣ޺
ݾٿһЦݲõĪƣţץֻѩ㣿
ѩò٣Ĳ࣬룬ץֻĪţӦûûġ
Īһ٣գ۳徰ЦЦǣջ
һ죬ĪԴôųԡ
ҪĻǵԼ׽Ī౻һµԴϾԸӡ
ô׽ʧЦڵǾԽһߵģ˵ڵܷ񿸹һطѩ⡣
ƫݲԾˣǰվھؿĪƣ˵ĪҪѰЩ
ʦҽɡĪƴ̹۵ɣֲ˾䣺ͽԶ֮µġ

 107 


Ͻҹѽʧ߰£ʱģֻһ˳ĬŲ˵ʱǾ
վЩӹҲ᲻άǺ˻νߵºЦ
Ĳҩҽ˱˱ۣţֵģز㷢ᡣ
Ҫһֱȥƻˡ
ȴ̽ߵʱ䣬ȥջɢĵطʧܽʯеһͬңҲҡͷܾˡ
Ͻȱҽޣ״̬ʱҲ벻ϽҲʹʧǣҴңҲ˵Ȼ
˾Լúú̸̸Ҳѵʽؽȫ
ʦ幰һݣѭʮǡ
ΪһԼˣֵôüųģòƷԶ޿ޣƫҪΪ˼
ʦ⡭
㿴Լ㿴ڵӣĻ콾ģ˷һ澵ڽ𵤣ѹ޵ĵһˣôǣ
۵΢죬ʮ㲣ֻһ˲ĬעԼãֿƿȳѪʱƫͷ
ʦͷҪȥһ٣˻㡣
²һɲģΨԼ㹻ǿǳ·
㲻ãҲκˡ
˵Զˣ̧˷ϵĽ
ָԾһ̲ʶݻݻأջջЩˣЩ£һԸܵõӦġ
ڵջ㹻㣬ǹҽһˣҲǱ츮ǴǰǸֻݻء
壬ڿ˵ûǹջ˼룬ȥˡ
ɬع˹ǣ̧ȥѪۣὣǣΨк˱ȼʱ˲Żͣ¿һۡ
˵Ľ𵤺ʿƾʲôǡ
ϽʱǷϲ⡣
˪ѩδʱĪƸžݣһ뼫򸹵ء
ҹµļܰⲻʣĪ̧ͷȥǼе붬ʱھ¡
Ļ·ӿɾ˵ѤɫϮԶҲޱҹɫĿǺ貣ƶת䣬ƻá
ʦ𡣡Ī׽ס䣬̧һָ㿴
̧ʱҲȾĿɫƯ
ժǸ㣬Ǻ貶㡣ĪգգۣԾ˵⻰
޾ǺΪʼԵιҡü˼֣ӦĪ쿪Ļ
Ҳָ֪оϵ£õģϸù㡣ĪƲȥžСȵЦЦҲ㡣
ԿôЩ̿
ûСĪƻλԴʦõģʦͽҲõģ
šݼӦĪģҪĪݺ顣
ҹµķ˿ø壬ĪƲ䷳Ĵţ޵ֱ˻Ҳû֡
ЩǻϢġ
ʦ𰡣Щ󷨶ǲµ𣿡
ԡ
ĳ̶ֳ˵һƬڱ֮ϵˮϴ½½صľͷҲˮһɫĿˡ
꣬ĥͺԭ͸ǿѰ
Ǽھ֮ҲбѹҲӰѰѩʳ
ƸӽıˮҲʮغͽɡ
ݴţƸ֮³޾ϹoأûˣҲûܴƸдһǲס
Ҫͼ̽ˮס
ǴӹһƸĻˮϲ㻹û£Ҫǳȥȥû
ݶƸȤ󣬿ץһֻʱ
ʯƸ֮£ҲƸҲòʯ
ѩ˵վδʵţȻ֮꣬գ
ݳ˽ǱɫѪһεεѩԭ֮ϣôѩĻô֪ĵһʯϢȻҲЩ
޷ʸˮʯġ
һתֵ춨һλ䡣
פ㣬ĪŵݻˣҴҷϹ߸ݵȥʦȺȱȲůů
ηҲӰʦ
ŲյһĪƵİƷ˾䣺ƣ㾭޸ˣĵһʲô
ţĪƿһЦɣǱʦҲ᲻˼ġ
ͽܣûʲôòá
Ҳ룬һʦ
ݲĪֲ˾䣺ԣҲܼķΧڣһʦ
ʦصҲˡĪ۵Цδʡ
ݾţĪΪ˵ʱȻ˾䣺Ѿ̻ʦܶˣõҽ򷨵ʱˡ
ðɡĪ̯ЦЦȨڿЦͽҪѧĻʦɲҪ
ѧĻġ
ݴӲ˵󻰣⼫ʯڱصãĪƵľָտɴ
ǿƵΪԳ壬֪ϤʯҲ壬ѰټϢ뼫򸹵ء
ɽ峤ǴĺͣһƤëҲʱ͹ˮݽָ֮ʱԤϰƫƫͷȡ
˵ѩǻûѧڳžݹ˹֣á
΢ɲʧⴹĺˣ˵ʯԼ̡
ġɽ峤ҡҡͷɬؼЦǰеġ
ֻҪĶֱ⣬ͱɽ峤
ǰʯʱǰ⽫ƸУɱ֮
ݲԣɽ峤ЦˣҾ֪岻ŵģǵ̰ôţǿԽ֮
ɵվɱңҲʯġ
Ƹڣ
ҲҲġɽ峤ҡҡͷƺ㣺ʱҲҲҲԵˣѰƸ
Ƹ죬ô̶ţһˮ˾ǧꡣ
ݴ챾ǲմӵصɾ֮һ䣬Ҳ½ϡ
ƸǾһˮ䣬ճ˻ƾضڵһˮ
ƸԵ˿ɵü֮֮
Ϊ֮ݲţƸȻڼǾŵʱ
˵Ҹط˵ˣǾ˳򡣡
ʲôط
Ƹ
ǸѰģ۾ңʱƸˣɲĹ

 108 


ѩһѰƸˡ
ݿŰϺڰãǾֻûҪͬա
˷ʱϿྰױţĪƿֽЩҵȥ
һʲôҡ˻һСأúôţҡ

Ҫȥ𣿡һֻѩٿðͷֻһ֮ңĪƾͻˮȥǱɽ⡣
ȥĪü˿űˮ麬УûôԥɽڳˮС
һǹŵľȺָƸ
Ƹһˮˮǽһɫ򴨱֮£žҲʾţ֮µİصΣա
ʯݲĿɽ峤峤ͷʯͳƸ֮¡
ȡ߽ЩƸǳƫЩİϤС
Ȼǣˮȥȡ
þһģԵ֮ҲѹǿԴơ
ƸˮǴ̹ǵĺΪԪӤҲᵽ˾Υĺ⣬ݿˮ֮ģȺӰҲ᲻ƿޱˮɫ
ݲˮҲòһ֡
ɣһԾ
ʦ𣡡
һϮˮοī˫߬סҲʮ
Īֿס˾ݺԣ۾ݣƫͷһ˾ݴϣݶȱʧ
һûƿĪƣ֪ھ˶ˮ֮Ⱥ
ҪôԾȡơ
һ˾ݼ˱ĪƻڻסֲϷţһֻҲɿơ
ȻĪƻˮҲ˵³ƣĪץžݵɿЩƫ۵׼ᶨ
üĪƣԣɿԼȥ
ֻҪͼͿںǰˣֻѡ񾲴ĪƵĶ
ϵǣĪ־ٴ룬Ծȡ
΢ۣ˿ݴݣھɿɲǣĪݿжɹˮ飬ּǾݷڴռе
һţĪưѱˮɵʲôŬҪ˾룬ȴֻܸоʣѪɫīɫĪ˵ʲôʹƫҪЦһΣҲһ㡭
ƣ³Īƣȴ֣ĪƵ෴ȥ
ȾѪɲǣɫˮը׸˾룬ҲŽˮ渡ȥ
ĿˮɫƫĪ۵׵ᣬֻܿĪ³죬һҲ˵
ƽ֪ʹ˺ѷΣؼɲǣ۽ǻݽӲ³鲻ɵ˻ơ
⻪תʵһϹ񽣣ھٳٲԸȥ
һֳŵأˮڱ֮ϡ
ۡоİ˵ĲȥҲΪʲôôۡ
ڿԻʦˡΪʲôһҪһ
ֻһƣ˿ľĿɵȺǡ
Ǿ壬û뵽˻ܴƸлųҲգһѹ̲סҪϥˡ
һԶҪǿöࡣ
۽ûɣ˽ָƭ֮ױɽ峤üģ۵ľûͷѹȴֱ
鿵һһ٣ͽʧȼͬᡣ
ǳûѪ֮Ǽһð
ķӡҲĪѪ´߷вȱ꣬Ψ
ƿƸˮƽƸոյһдδҲûôһһϮµˣһԾϣһˡ
ݲӳٻִЩĵˮߣֱƾȥٴˮĻᡣ
ĪѪ⽣⣬ϹŴݺʱڴ˵еĽꡣ
ת˲еĽ꣬һĨлˡ
ѪӡĲң⽣ҲңЩʧأ룬Īһ鷲ҪôȥƸˮҪôһ˹¶سȥ
ݺδʣҲʶƵĲһεصʱǽʻСˤţ
һ˲ܶණʱ׽һϢĪƣץ½˵Īơ
ʮְЦֳʳĪơ
˵ֻĺĪơ
һκۣίŵĪơ
ʦֻһͽҲֻʦһʦ
ϵ£õģϸù㡣
Щظģһʦ𣬾ˣĪƳˮ׵顣
һָŶƫͷȥ۵ˮٶҧƺЩֲҡŵ˱ϡ
ת˲ƹã˼Цź޲ˮ棬ּλ𵴿ʱԶɽ顣
Ҫǣͨͨᡣ

 109 


һŭԷɫ䡣
ݷ΢ɢӦŽ֮ŭӿ䣬һһڷ֮ΡȻ
۽Էһ˿⣬ȴ类ŭԵʹ͸Ծɢѹӿơ
·ӡٲʱӣȻ𣬲âһΪ֮֮¡ǿһ
ԨΪϹʱʼ鿷ͥľΪʼ彣鿻غҷ⳾ʱգټʱ
ֻನټգָһ֮ѪҪмġ
Ҳʱѩǻγ˳ˣ
Ǳɽ⣬òƺ˪ݲ˲٣⻤ס˵Ǽᶨ
ƾʲô㡣һۣûս
ѹ¶ɪɪΨбɽ̧ͷҵĪϣһʱˣᣬһҪ壬ҪƸ£ȻصҲټյĿܡ
ȥȥֻҪܰѩһ塣ɫһɣǲŵҪǴѩһ壬֮
Ϊɽһ仰ݵ˺ܾãȵʼɣɽǲͬĪһƸˣٵȵȣͽܣôġ
ֱѩǽϻذϣݵ͵ͳ˿ȥ̽ĪƱϢòֹס۽ǵĺٶȸϡ
ȥĪƱŶɹȥȫڰ׷ѡ
ơЩųĪˮֻס˺޷ӦĪƲϷţҡҡ
໤µļ״̬ɽҲòĶȥĪƵסȫ嶼ΪĪ״̬İ
ɱȺʲô
㣬ߡָָɽ⣬ɽʱԭ͡
ƬѹƵĵطΨû裬ԽĶ޽ӹʡ

˳»ƣǵһ֪µˣɨݽϻԲʱһвԶ
״̬ôãЩʧǣҲû໰˼ǳ򱱾ȥûаϧ˼
Ҳͨױʴҽ޴ܡ
ô¡ջʱЩ㵣ֹԭþ˴ӼʯģôͣΣˣ
ŭ鿵ٹΪȫ֣աҹȥԭûô֪Ƕ˲ӣֹУջҲҪȥ̯ӵġ
ջ˱ۣ˵ع
ֹƸ±ԭļҪö࣬˵ӡ᲻ˣܲǰסǶҪ⡣
ĩǧչڡ
ݲ߲Īƺܾãҽûһ˵ĪƵ֢״Ҳûܰӻлѡ
ݴѶҽ޴ܣ뱻ϽϾסµҲ౻סΨб츮ջȻź
Īھιס̫嵤ѹץž֣˾䣺ʦͷʹ
ơЩϲּĪƿ˵˾䣺۾ú찡û£ޡ
ѲӣĪһλԹȥԵøղŵǻعⷵա
𡭡𡭡סĪ֣Щٵȵȡҽ޾ˣơ
ĪƻԵʮգҽһջִڡ
ȥӭջֻһ̣ɵЩⷽ˵Ҳ֪ջ̫ڻǹš
л١ûλݳջ˹֣Ըջ񣬿ͽѵϣһֺη
αؾ񡣡ջͽڡ

ڣջĪƵͷƿƤ˿۴Ŵͫףһջ˱ۣΪҪ
ĪײӣֱǧǸ˶ˡ
ҡһ٣˽ջеĹҽʶôһʣҲΨƿԡ
ȥջ䣬มһûҵ˭Ҳ
Īͫ׷ŴѪѹۣջĪһ봩̹׵ʱ͸ˮҺֱջֹȥ
ջüĪ״뻹ҪЩҲݲϧ鵤ҩ
֯ɫ˿߹סĪ仺ǰ죬ջϢû㼬ֵˣǰ˻Īƣɲ
ԼУŹҽҽʿǱ֮ʱݹȫ̵ǧﳰֹһɱ˵ĹõӦ֡
ǧȻô˵ˣջ룬ǴӦǳɹ˵ġ
ֻΣֹ²Ƿˡ
òһֺαֿԣˤӻ˺ջ
һʢˮ豻Ѫջʱ޿̲۾Щŵ˿ҲʶѰĪѪ˵ؽѪ
ңջмΪϸȥţǾǻˣΨд
ӣһӣһʱ
⾰ݾʯҲǴҳһû˼ⷬģ˵ָ˵Щʲô
ڵȣҲ˲԰ɫջһöҩĪƿУ漴ջᣬ־ӹĪɶķӡ
Īƴ˷˼ԴԼѹķӡҲЩɶջüʱӹ˷ӡ
ĪԼʱһ˽յķţջɫ˳ݵʮʱѣǵʱʱ˿Ѻʶ֮ףѰҡ
лһݣ̤뷿Уһӵ·ֻţˡ
ǣһݡ
ݽȥʱĪƾôţɫ÷·ֻ˯ˣΨһϰ·ջûעĪٴϡ
΢Ī£˾䣺ı
е˲Ӧ
ڴ£ǰЩհסĪƵ֣ŸЩסĪͬΪĪƶԾ˿ƵûʲôųⷴӦ
Ҳֻ˿ƣԪӤǿᣬʿܳܵġ
ջ˵ĪʮʱѣݾĶҲûȥĪʮʱֱ۽΢ûӦָҲ˶
ơ΢ҲҶؿĪ΢΢ۡ
ץסݵ֣İ¿ŵһ˫һƬ
ЩŵһֻĪǰ˻ΣûõκηӦơ
ǡ˭

 110 


ơʦݿĪʧ˫һʱʧ
֪Ī⻰ͻȻ¶Ц
žݵ֣¿Ҳǳϲõģ˵ʦرҺϲ㣡
㡭һƣʧҲĪ⻰ɫûֻ͵̾ѽ㡭

ջʱĪƻûջֿ̽˿Īʧۣײӣ۾ҲˣҪЩʱյָ
˭ھݵĪƲüʦʦأҪʦ
ڣơ߽ЩЩĪơ
һڣĪ¶Цʦ𣡡
ջ龰ɫ΢΢ôһ˿죬漴ߣӻòᣬҿҩһμ
ӻˣĪó˵ջģͷŻɫ
ݲ÷ջĻֻúĪлջ̷ջһȥץҩ
Īʶ֢״Щأջպīʱ˶٣ָ޳ݣּᣬָ¼ӣҽ߶ʵѵá
ջձʱɨҩţʳҪ嵭
ջҩ࣬ĪƺһھģΨоſϹԹԺҩ
Īƿ˵ֻҪڣϲžݶ˵ЩԾ֮ûо
ֱպĪƸһݾЦۣʦԭ𣿡
㳤ÿÿرϲ㡣
ʲôǲĪƷֱףЦƵҲصǳʱοôЩѹ
ΪʲôԽԽԽЦء
ԣʦ𡣡ݽĪƽջĻ˵ĪƽӴЩǰĶָ䡣
ʦ𣡡
ʲô֣
ưʦһֱ𣿡
Īƻ֪еģԴĪȥŵСˣԲһֻӱŸɹڷ˲ž˾ɹſС
Ȼݵ͹һʧжɣܸġ
Īסݱ˸ʵĹĵָ޹ԹɵСҵ߿ʦ𣡡
׼СҵľջĪԴĪһʧ䣬Ҳ˲٣һ뿪һҪ¡
ߵģԣ֡
Ҳ
ĪƱ£ջʾΪֻܺҩߣĪײײͷ˵׼ͺˡ
ݱزĪײǽȥҲֻôˡ
۲Ī֢״ջֻһľݷƴŶܺã
ܼգҲ¡
ôݳĬ߿ĶСҵĪƣĪģ˵ɵһӣҲԸ
Уڸģʶ岻壬ڵĺ

ջ̾˿漴ϾߣԭԣûסתǾ͸˵˵Ƹĺˡ
Ƹ꺮ˮ꣬ˮµĺĪָ˺ˮˣδ
Ϊ֮ݷʴǣȥ˭Ҳ֪Īʲôʱ
ջȻ˵ô໰Ҳ˵ˣҪô޷Ҫôǻȱζҩ
ֱ޷ɫ΢ࡣ
ûιҽҲ޴Ѱջ⻰˵úƽڽŽãƫĪ
ôݸĪѸյٶȵס
еģʹѩˣٽҽ顣ջһ٣·
һˣҹ۱鼫ҽ估־ʱƸ¹Ϊת¹ˮʳƼݣشǳɿ򶾣
ת¹оѱޣƣ̲ת¹ܱͲףֶﶼ޷ʧʼӻֻΪϡ
ջ֮⣬Ҫת¹Ľǣһֻת¹ټѾǧǰľԵˡ
ɽ֮ԣǼк󣬶ǽŶĪֻǸͨӡ
Ҳ˵ջνĵڶ·˵˵û˵
ת¹˼ڿ鱦ľһϹ¹¹Ǵ洦ȫǿա
ֱŪҲԵġ
ջͻһ仰˳Ĭû뵽ջ˻ὲЦջ˼ҪĪƺתˣǵʧʱ£ǻѡԼĨӵġ
롭
ûֻջһ˵ϣǹҽվͬջټټʵжϲ˹ڡ
ơ
ҹ룬Ѱ˯ȥϢվĪƴǰעҩްŵϡ
˿ڵѪûֹסҽ޸طʱסĪƵ˿ڣʱûоķӡ
ݻȥĪƽʱ˷ӡһԾΪǵػࡣ
ԵΣѪȴ˽

Ͻȼ˶־ԭбľҲ𽥵壬ƽҲߵ÷Щ
ֻǣ塣
һϮ˪ɫɻңģҲôЩųӰӡ
忴ܺãƾҽߺΪʦֱܸоģһҲá
Ͻвݻ˷ҾͲʦˡݵϽĥݣ۵״ӲʵǳЦҲɢ
ǲǣû¡˿Ǻܲ۽ٺڵˣƫ۵Ҳ˷ڡ
ᡣ崽΢䣬ɫϽս·æµġ
˵֮أ
һ˸ˣʦ˷ڣϾʱͷֶһ˰ɡ
УҲظ֪ҵġ
˵Իְ˰ˣ˵ţϽ·æֶȸˡ
һϮ˪Ӱִȥվԭ˼棬޾֮ˣ˼ǹϡ
۹ⲻϣʮǰ㾪Ҳں˶״ӣƫܿϸϹӡ
ջǲ֪⴫м档
˫Ҳĺ˵ȻˣҲ˵ɲ
˵ȥһǣ֮ˡ
мƲû״̬ȷʵܲãҪάյĿ̿ڷܣǰ֮ʢ
˽£ǳճҹ˯ţշת࣬ҹߡ
һ˼ջ̲סһλ뻳ƫĻ
ϽĶѩҹߣҹѾˣջҩ
ƿ˴Ļⷢ£˿ɢ䣬һ˾ҹ
ҲΪջͨģʵǻþ
ˮգ
ɫľϵ˳ųĴӣ⺮ҹд߷ֲˮľڣԿݲݸն
ˮľͬԴΪգұѰ

 111 


ʳǡ˹ڵһ¾Īڱ˰࣬Ժ֪ҪջЩ
ڽⷨλԵмֿԣĪͨٸ֮ܽ˺ġ
ȱԭͻС˲ٵıɽһצƾСң˵˲Ų˾䣺ûзޣҲʱܱ
ʲô˿ſԵıɽۣë׹
һ򲻹ıɽװû˵ǹֻйƵСԭعȦ
ѩǡ
ֻãһ٣ʱֱ˴һ
ɽСңҪΪȺ׼ø˵ļһƴˡ
ݽ²ߣţʦ壬ӿֺӻЩʱ޾ͺá
ǿ϶еģҲδкԹҩЧΣ˭˵áɫˣôǣˣ
֮ơһͣΪ˾ĪƾͲỮ֣ᣬȾ涾ҽ˵پĽ
˰ˣȻȥҩˡ˰˰֣ȥɫĻĪԼ꽫ɫ
δ봺˪ѩֹƫɫԴٽ
ҹ䣬˳·Ҳߴ˴ɡɫֽɡƾϸգ΢бɡظպסɡգһϮɫ磬Ǿ˫
Ϯʱջ껯֮ƫ˲᲻ݣֱջɡ׹ڵأŵ̧ۿ·ߡ
һϮµŮע
ٴƶϣ˷ƷĪˡ
˺⡣
ŸʢüҲһݡ
ջɡˣµǽջһּͣɢɫ䣬ֻӹª֮ˣ١
һ壬ò˵ջΪͬջʦֶȣһҲ磬ջòţȷʵûܾܾ
αǫϰ꣬ҪһԵġ
ԡ
˱ջشµһ죬ʲô뷨
ڵϵֽɡػջУ˾룬ȻǰԪӤˣջҲû˼ֻǡ
Ȥ˾Υع˹ǣѹʦֶǹңҽȡɾͣҲϡúܡ
ҹ磬£˵͸Ī˺ıڴϣ࣬Ī˵´ףô˵ˣݾˡ
Ī͵͵һ붨ľݣĬĬŲ˲٣ΪŬȻƿӸһھϡ
һ˲ۣĪƱŸ˸ǱӵƣɵǺһЦűʦͲˡ
һҲںͷݿЦĪƾ˵ҲⱻӴס˻ء
Ī˳ҡͷԺСôôɵƫþˣ֣ĪǺǰˡ
̽ĪƶֱĪư;סһ˫۾ôžݣĪƻţʦ𣿡
ţ
úÿҪҵϱɣĪһЦضزס
һ٣˱Īƿסָһ£ţ˭ġ
ϲ͡͵ϱĪЩίűһµĶͷ죬㻹ҡɵô죿
ɵΣҪ˼ĪǣĪ˵⻰ֹһô򵥡
ðɡĪƲ鲻ԸӦίίžݣҪþݱ񿴳θ
Ҳ㲻ؿĪƣշ·ͱôһֻͻȻսһڣ漴Ѹײڶ֮ưԼ˱
ͫһűһŵĪƣʵʮأû˸ô
û֣ĪƱӣҲ֪ǱĻôģЩƣʲô
ңϱĪһֱҲ׳
˭Щģ
㣬ٸһҾ˵
ȻĪȴǵɴ۶žݣ
ˡݾɵ۳̡
ݲƽˣĪֿʼǶŲû͵ϮˣֻǴսˣûʰ˼˵˾䣺رϲ㣬ġ
𣬴ӿһ˲Ҷرϲ㡣ĪЦݼ򵥴⣬ǳֿ
Եλϲһͣûôֱ׵˵ϲƣֺЩͬġ
ֱرϲĪƻǲزסˣݲˣס˾䣬˵ţҶôϲˣҲϲһòã
ͻϲٶࣿݿ
ܣٶһ㣡ĪˣǻûȥֱŲס˯ȥǰ˾䣺á
ټöĪ籧ű˯˹ȥҴҴǣͨƻ
껹£ʪĿ羰ֻһѶתʧԭء
ҹںɽһƬžʱҲû⻪ɢȥʱΨݣƷˣˡ
ٽʦɽڼңɫ׻ֱɽء
ϡɫȻʦΪɽٱչʮ꣬ƣǿ֮ҲˣѰ
Σλ䣬ǰʼƣ깤ҲڿǶȪ˶ɽһ׼۳ɰܣϲ·
Ȳ̸Щɣʦ𶨿ɰȻ񡣡ݵߣô̸⣬֪һҪʦ㵭Ȼ
Ȫ˱Ͼ˵Ĵڣʦุ
ȴϹڰɣʦֹⶼǴ¡˼˵ţأձ׷ʮչһ
Ʋ⣬Ȫ˶ɽٲʲôġ
ճ㴫ףλʦҲЩϢ޾ȸˡ
ȥɡɫ䣬ﾰݵӰʧˣ˵ȻȻȥˣʦ㣬ôϣݵ𣿡
ֲֹһˡ˴ߣ͸λҲ֪ô
ҲɢȻԪӤˣһϯЩ̵¶Ц
ô޹֮ˣǻǴġ
ȱֻزǴοǧƣһǴܶе𣿡
˻һ䣬Ц˽ӲЦʦܣǧ꣬շתǧ꣬ڣ壬ǻб·𣿡

 112 


ˮͨʶ
Īһջʱ΢΢㶣ôˡ
ջۣ־תˮɫתҩºĪӿȥջʱ࿪˿ڣѻһ¡
Ī֪ǻָˣʧڼǲǵ÷ֺģҲջΪʲô
ŨӿĪʱջһǶеɽԶ䣬ˮһҲѹƺɻȱҩ
áĪƿɽԶۣû塣
һ¡
㡣Īһͣһ˲ȴǿסջ۵״ôһ˿Ц⣬·
¡ջɫ䣬ɫ߷һɢסĪƵͬʱҲסĪŵ
ֹ粻ǶͨʶʱԼ֪ʲôǵˣƩջ״
ֹסջֻսƲţأ
ǣЩһ¶ֹü䣬ջЩѣƫϻûʲô仯
ֻЩ㵱ûʲôңֹ΢գջײĵƽ档
ջźЩ裬һֳͼֹվһ߽
ѽѪˡֹ˿ЦĨȥջѪƽҶþûѪˣϧ
ջֻּӹһ󷨸
ƫֹ׻⣬˴浱ҿɣ
Ȩ֮޹ϸ𡣡ջ
Ե棿
档
⸲һˮ޸ջֹƫͷȥ˼ϧԼЩ
һβīΨкջ֪Ϥֵ벻ֵ۶ϣϽһƣ
˲µģҩɾݳĿΪѹĪں
Ϊʲôջͨ󷨷ȴջ㵥Ī쾭֮壬ջٺʲ
ջĪƳһߣֵڵҲͳȥ
ѹưꡣջһ򻰲࣬ӰʱʧʣӦ澰һ£ȻˣҲ
ֱڣջ˽ļ͵ŻѪһţסջͱֹס
ϡ΢΢ɣٹˣ
˽ġ
δջĨȥѪգǿᣬѳС
Ũջһ𵤿ܵ˵ģֹȻǾҪʱȥģκܶʱֹֻ̫̣ܳ²ߡ
һڣջһߣݾʹҴҽĪȥˡ
ȥĪȶݿĪ˿͵Ĭꡭ
ƸʯѾòһ飬Ϊ֮ΨȨãҲôóġ
ʦ𡭡䡭ĪʱԵЩž䣬üƣ̬ڣô
ƣˣһϲע󷨵ã
ʲôҺۡ
ȺúϢȥʦ
ߡĪƷ˸ץžǲϷţ֮˱ۣܾţһߣͲˡ
ôᡭָĪƷʦһֱ
ǾͣҰɡĪݼһûµģġ
á
ָĪƻճˣֻǱȼȫʧʱ˺ܶ࣬ҲЦ
⾪ĵҹҪŸɽһĪֹĪƵ̹Ȼ˿ڣʦȥɡ
´ס
Ҳ¡ĪһЦ౱ɽ⹷ͷοС׺СҶء
ҡһ٣ݸĪƣ͵ңҲ£ʦء
áĪƵͷӹһ࣬Ŵ
һͷֱٿĪƣǲô
ĪƵǺܳĬȷݵϢʱڸǹϢֳһֻϾݵоҲ˳úܡ
ĪƳ˽ּһնɢ֯һСС
ʲôɽſڵϿ
ֻǾţ⽣׽úܡ
鿵Ľһħ׽ʲô
ƫ׽ˡĪƲⱱɽĻ˵׼Ҳء
ôû㡣ɽӻצӡ
Īüһնȥɽһëůë̫Ҳָۡ
ǽǽɽצ£Σ֮Сǳ治Ǽ٣˵˾䣬˾ëˣ
ڵؽôţͲ±ôɽⷭ˸Сһˣ
ҲһȺԪӤڲסϢɡĪ⻰˵Ȼ㣬ؼǡ
Ӧҵġ
Ȼ
Īƿ⽣ĶһʱЩ󲻶⣬ֻһ֪£ʳѪ˾
ֵǣĪȻ׽Уһ֣ҪǹôϵĽǾݡ
Ҫǲƾʲô
ϧˡĪƲ񽣣ϹʱӦİɣ񣬶лһưա
ҲЦ
ѽ˵Ϊʼ֣Īǲôŵģʼ֮ԷΪʱ⿪ӡ⽣ҲջԻˡ
αءĪָ⸧ʣֻһڻӦ⣬ҲڷĪƵĹ۵㡣
꣬Ϊ˵ȽתɣĪƹ˹ǣˣֻزȻתҲȲĽ
ĪƻһȦסʱȥȷʵųĪƣϵĽɲĪơ
˰ˡĪƻӻ֣ʾԼصλȥôһѽô໰ء
ʵĥĶȣջҩһƺֱ󲻱䣬յĽҩʲôʱԾͿĪԼˡ
Īװãװɵôѧ߾滪ôֳӣҲѧ滪٬񲡣
⾪ڼʱȪ˶ɽʱգյϴҲ֪ȪǳŵùȥǻһƷɻҡ
Īƿȥҹָɱ𣬵˱
ΪԪӤųΪԪӤҪټһǻ治ôöԸˡ
ϦǰҹӿɽλϷֻʮ֮ңۣʱɽɢ
ѶʹХɽ䡣
ް

 113 


ڴɥǧȲ±֮
ƷΣһϮɹɥףΪȪ״ӣڼȻҪǰС
Īͷһλ˰£ž纷Īƿžеľݣ˵˾䣺ʦ㿴ѹ
ѹ𡭡ݲ֪Ī˰ɣ͵͵ƣûʦҪ
áĪƵͷֲ˾䣺ʦ𣬲˵ˣҪȥϽô
Ͻһ١
԰ϵ˵ġ
ƣʦĶ
Ҫһȥô
һָָԼĪƣ˭
ʦ𣬲ΪʲôҪװ
ɽ˭
ʶ
ЩΣֱĪƷסˣʦܲҪǲȥˡ
ȥȥվֱӣҪʦ
ûĪôͿʼ˻ˣ֮Ļ𲽶ʧļ䡣
չһվ˳ǰУûһ¼ݣһأ׳ԼʦҲˡ
ƺûκˣκ£¡
ݾŸߴƮݵ˳ı
˵Լʲô飬֪յģֻܺЩʦܰȶɽٻڣκʮչأճһա
Ǻ䶯ľһĴ£ԳƷɵĺɽҲǰ䣬ͳʹҲѾ·ϡ
ޣҪ£Ҳù˼ϢϢġվھ࣬ȪΪͬòŹݡ
޷ʦ塣ݾܣҲ֪Լʲôֿգҹɢʱ˾䣺ǣΣ
红ͯи鵤ҩѹƣסһǿԵġ
红ͯô
ȻǹͽܣͻȥҹҲôһֱŵġ
ǣ͸λʦЩˡ
봺Ǻ䳹ʱĪСǰűߺʱ¶Цʦ𣡡
ôţݸĪޱ߽˪
һʱ㰡ĪֺǺһЦüۼɫྰüģ𣿡
áŬڸɬ
Īæӣָ˸ů¯ƻӳ£һϮ²
ĪŲյ㶣ͷ˿Լذ׵䣬ֿݣſ˲ƣ̶ʵʲô𡭡
ذ׵ΪɥЩ£ƺϢͷˡ
˵ֻĪƣúϢΪʦ㡣
ĪץžȻ뻳Уžݱȷ˵ţȻ֪ʲôҸоʦѹȥ˵ģһ˰ɡ
ơһɣѹĪϣʱһֱ񾭽ţ̫ˣģٵߣٵ忪սѽ
ʦûˣͽɵˣҪάصϣϲŭɵش¡
ʢ޵ĵΨĪƻһ䣬ѹ
ơЩʣˮĪƼϣʦʦûˡ
ͽأͽһֱġĪžݼ磬޾Ϳ޳ɣܣҲκˡ
ݻĪûţڴ֮ǰӲ֪ԭһӵܸĪο
Ȫްգǰݵﲻǰ滪磬Ҳӡ
滪£ȣʱеĵӿųҲĺܡ
лû࿴Ϊòκ
ؿҲڰ滪ѵö˼ӣģģΪ˱ʾڵأһϲĻһϮɫ
Ͼƾ޶˵ˣƾһģʦ֣
ʦãʦܡߡ
ңȥʦֲҪ̫ѹˡƾ֣һϮذܡ
йʱĺ֣֮ʦ֣ڰ޶̬ܵȺ̶ܴԴǵ˼˳ӦȻΪеĽҲûô
סӦ
ϧ£Ϊʧǧꡣ޶˵̣ǽøȪ㡣
ݼӭŽյִĸҪԱû˲һТġ
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Ʃɢʱһ࣬ҲͶ
˵ôôǶû鿵״ӵӰӡ
ĪǣҪر
ʲôϻʤ鿵ɡ
Ǿǣ׾ˣ
ֹ׼״ӸԼʦϵãϼأ
滪缫ЦԼԼյ衣
ЦᣬҲڳʿ˸͸ŭĿЦԴ鱨һʱֹ˽϶ҪЩ;˵Բ²Ķöࡣ
滪һЦһʱžȥֱ̲סģ滪˾䣺鿵ͽϼʦ棬ʲôΡ
ʲôΡ滪գգۣвյǸӽðˣʲôΡ
˵ɣȴɫӣ
֪鿵ͽ࣬ͽҲڵģ˵ʿʽ΢δʿȥõĵӣΪЩӢӣɾҪЦˡ
ʲô𣿡滪Цһ˫һۣɨһȦԾԾԵʿǣ˿ұ£ҪǮġ
⻰һҶʱͷϢǹʶοھڵؽ磬Ҫ֪滪˵ǲ棬õŻôǮ
ڵ⣬ĬãȪ˴ŵľǾݵļλ䣬ǰ֪ϤݵͽǸӣ˭֪λϻǣٷ
Ȫ˵ѶӣФ֮岻ᣬֻȪ˵ʦʦǰᦡ
վɽϾԶ飬ֽǮһ·ɢȥΪȪΨһͽܣȴ˲һ̡
ݰ˻ɽҲȪФͲ顣
ʦ塣ûͷûƿ
ʦ˵ϣ㵱
ԵΡ
Ϊ˵Ǻ£ͽڲҲֻڸ
Ҿͽ塣
㲻ֻǾݣ֮δ޽䣬ôǲȫ֮ˣ˾ʣ
㶼֪ˡݻͷ
к˲֪˷һЦҲȰȪ˶ھͽ֮·ſģ񷴵ȰĶˡ
ͽܣʦ壬Σͽܡ˵ЩңƫҲᶨúܡ
ǲһҪ˸ʡ
ԡӦʦ־һɡ
͸óֻ·ϵİʯ
Ψһͽܣ

 114 


ݵļλճ̣ĪƵҲɻټʱĪƵļͣձϳ쾭ʱճյЦʦ𡭡
ơָ⸧ĪƷңɬһƬʱĪûգǲǸúúõġ
ɽϵĻˣȥժ㡣ĪƲü⣬žЦɵö໨Ưġ
áݶʣƽʲô
ģģʦϲĪЦЦԴ
ãġӦ£Ϊλȴû̫˼ڴ䱾ϣʱǰĪơ
ֱڶȥơ
Ȫ˸ţТ꣬Ѱķζ˰ףƣҲ԰Ϊ߹Ϊ׺ϵԲ𪣬Գ˵˿УԳϾˮ֮磬ƽѰĶ
νһϮƣľһΪֹ߳ˡ
ûĶ⣬ȴԣвĵطҲü
á

ҲᾰߣĪժɽò״һСæ²·ȥҪʵĻ͸ʦ
ɻĪûʦӰ̤ֻһµ˱
˭ĪԴһˡ
ʦ롣µת
ʦ棿ĪƲ֪ʶذŻһأ˵ţû㣬㣬ڵʦ𣿡
ڵ㡣
λεľݸȴǺݺһ飬۵һЩˤ
ô¡üסĿڣ·Ҳ춯
ơ
һ̴ĸоеۡ
ĪüĻԲϷţ͵ͳ˿̽Իؿŷˣţʦ桭
ΪʲôҪɱҡ
ֻǾ·ϵİʯɫһ˲
ôĪ۵̧ͷʮּķˣִսЩֱס˳ֽ֣˵ţɣͱЩ
һûĪƸ䣬ˤڵأҲ˽Ѫɫӡ
ƣһϮʢװƿµĽǾ㵵סѪеĪơ
ʦʦ𡭡Ī΢ɰ׽ס˾䣬Ⱦˮ˵ţҺۡ
һƣĿѪɫ͸һ˫ۣסĪƣֵѪȫѪȫĪƵѪ
Ʊ¡ء߱ĪƻĪѨֹסѪҴȥʦ塭ȥʦ塭
Īƻûޣģ˫ۣѪöѪ
ûôѪǽնħɱ棬ڣͽܣơϺöѪֹֹס
ûõģ⽣Ҵ˶һӣض֮ݵı˸侲
ʦ塭ΪʲôΪʲôݻסĪƣ̧ͷȥˣһεκѪ¡
ֻۡ˻ϣ˽ڲһĨͬѪС
˵ݰʦԲ㣬˶Բ㡭
һգףһڡСѿѪ˺ӿѪʹ˵ҲЩʱ߱߰ɡ
ߵñĪƸ죬ݱĪһ٣ƣʲôƣ
ĪƵû˼ʱ䣬˰˽ĪڵѪٶȣ㾰ݻסҲʧѪ
ơơ¡ʦߡݱĪĪϺʲôϷţֱݿĪƲΡΡһȾѪɽ
ʦ𡭡ĻĪƲ۵ᣬ˵ҲޱȣƫҪЦޡҺۡ
ݳ׷ˣԭΪԻסˣʦûˣͽܣͽܡҲûˡ
ƵյΨоߵ黺ȥһס˭һ˭
һϮʢ֮ȾѪƫ׵ɫϵȾѪԣ²Ѹ¡
ˡƿţѾݴӵҪôޣ㻤סһȣ˵׼ˡ
ʦ塭ʦ壿۵׼ĹȼƫͷȥɴǵĵУơ𡭡
ֻҪãˡΪסŬԴǣΪҽߣҲ˵ΥĻ
ǣ¶壬壬ʿŲ˶õġ
ɫһףЩ̵ֻֻ깲桭
ˣ˷ߵľݣݺ޷ź˼
û衭ҲǸӣ𣿡
ЦҲ۷жǵΪķֻ꣬ܵס𣿡
û𣿡һ٣ʵʵڵǰվá
Уͻƣٽ¶ɵ˵ţⷨķҲһߣ㲻֮
ֻһͽܣʦ塣
Ժ󻹿ա
ҲֻҪһ

֪ǶҪҪƫҪݵߣҪɱҰɡ
ˡ£ھҲŷ裬Ⱥ𣿣
û衣һηϣԥȣյأȫȫңҶԲȡ
һ鷲ˣҪһôǹңЩŭ䲻
ǶˡɴȻԲѵĪƣһ룬ţûôˡ
ǰ£һ̻ңʲôˣʲôǰ
кͬԴкͬ츳Եǵ͸ñ֮ˣ
ʲôһϯѾȰݲҪĪͽˡ
Ҫȥ⣬ӡˣֻһֱԥţԥŵҪҪΪĪʯ
ʱգףʯ˴֮֮䣬Ҳˡ
ǻŵģôʻģ޻ЦԼ˼һˡ
ʲͽһ
Ҫʯſס󣬱ݷֶ㿪һϮȥϮĽ
Ƕ֪һ㶣ƲŰ㿴һۣͻȻˣΪʲôʦĪ쾭ôӦΪʲôҪ쾭޿ɽ֮
ĪˣȲǵʯ
ҡ
ҡЦЦ֮
ݣһţ곤꣬ΪȴǲݵģҲֻŴʦĽǶȰ⾰ݡ
ƫҪݸּӡ֣Ϊ˸ҡ

 115 


ѩδڣĪƺþãҲûתƣһϮذٰ龰۵׳ƸԲɥ
Ȫް˽棬ֻ˷ĹȣȪͬȥûɱϯ֮¡
ɥ´ӼչŲļλ䡣
ĪƱ֣ĪأҲЩѩɽѩδڣݷ⣬ǾҲõȡ
ơ۵׺δʣһġ
ʯͲ֮£μ̳ߺ֪£ʯľ巽λеġ
ݺټʱá
ͷ棬յƻ裬ҪϢھݼյƴδ
˿žУ˵ʲôֻĬ·
ҴΪȡʯȥ֮ħ˻
·ͣ˲ӣЩӲػŤͷˣ
ԡ
Ǳȥá
˲򴽣Щ֮⣬˶ȡʯƫ⵭ȡ벻ȡûʲô
ʯڻ֮Уͻ⣬Բʯ⻪⣬ҲûʯȾһ
ݶ˵ϤУҪȡʯ˲˾䣺ˣʯҲʯ֮һһƾ˪ѩѹħġ
һкһеɫ䣬Ķ⽣ĪأЩر˻еʯ
룬УвȱģֻףϹŽ꣬ǲȱģҲǼΪǿĴˣԵû˿ܡ
ʯͬһݣⳡ֮£ʯͽ⿪ӡĪЩϣǱ͸һƵġ
ֽסʯĿʯΪ죬òϺ죬ϺѪӨôƯʯͷƫֹСЩ׹ɢµ
һУΨһһһʯ澰·ûټ
ûʲôΣյĸоһһץʯ˼ţǼֻԵ
ֻմԵݶ֪»ǲá
ʯ˵Ҳ˵ԼͬģǶԾݵ׽С
ˡüĿһԵȨԵ
ݷһ磬䵽ȥݣ˫Ŀȴǣϡɼʱ绪ģ
߰ɡּ䣬Ż
лǰߵЩƻڵҲԸƬ̣ȥ
˳ٳûţֻľľžȥʣټ
ֱ˺ܾãѩŵת˾䣺ˣˡ

ް´ɥ˱֮
ϽʿΪ׵״ҪЩд˼ѶصݣǶʱ벻Ͻġ
ϽѩֻǺ˹ȼţĬãֱܿƵƿ̯ʱǼѪմĿ
ֿʼѪˡ
嶨Ѫۣɫûʲô仯ѾܾûȹѪˣѪͲ͹¡
ûҪ˵ҲҲ졣˷һѪۣļֻҩﻺӳЩʱա
˵˵ǾҪƽͣҪϲŭΪļӰСˡ
ˮ˵ҩЩֹסѪƸиǰЩڣɳһٴʱһﶼȾϣ
˼ԶķЦȥų飬ʱ˲ٷһȥҲ֪ʲô̡
ѽڰ˼ԶϴӲȱֺ׵л
Ͻķų鲻ʱڱɥطҲûü͹ƫ׵ĻңȨɴ죬ƫݵ
˼ԶԶɽӣ˼ѻǸûһ˵ģΪТʦֵļλҲôġ
ϽɢҵҲڿ崹дţվǲȰοκϽƲֹۣ鲻
кѣȨԵݾųϣ½ҲͲˡ˼ԶԹЦ
ɫһ䣬ң
Ҳʲô£ձһתϽƣҲʦͽΪ鿵λһݴ񡣡˼Զ˵Ҫ£赭д㣬ҲҪܵ
崹ԣڱ߾ѰŲʿӻ֮µɢ񣬺ų˼Զֵ
ųȥҴҵķ޴һߣ͵ͳ˿תҪߣɣ
ѣᣬǳɲ˴µġ˼Զֱֻϡ
Ϊ᣿ѵüײһغϣʦϽ󣬴˷оɱ޹죿
кι˼ԶЦųϣ࣬ı죬֮Ծ󻼡
Ͻʿ壬صǸʦ־һĵǶ޹أ˲Ͻٶȡ
˼ԶųвҲֻ뷨Ϊ̽ɢӰգøֵĻᡣ
飬ǿԲʾġ͵ͳ˿ΪľܸоõϽҲܸоǧ޵һǵĲľ֮
ԷΧк֮Ĵѹ߾ĺݾ̶ȣųԪӤһΧеĻµ壬ǶҪһɶ
Ҫֹų˼ԶҲȥ˫ʿǰһȥ
Ȼļ˼ԶҲ򲻹𵤴Բ
ֻݹڳڣǵһˣҲʶغ⣬֮µΪ׿ԽߣΪڶλԪӤġ塣
巭ּ䳤˼ԶϣѵöŭϽףôңš
ˣѡ˼Զ򶨣пȥԶɽʱ֣ǷԲ֮ʱ
һ٣֪ʱǰһڣѣθϮҪ֧Ųסվֱ
͸֧̫ˣոպ˼ԶὣǿҪôȥЩ޹꼰Ĳľ顣
߼ХХǴδˡ㱯ҽ֡
ЩҡΣ˼ԶʮֵȻָָĽ˵ţʱ̫׺ҲǺ£԰ɡ
㿴Թȫ֮⣬Ψһǵˡ˼Զ˹ǣһģŻ˿Ѫ
ԹҪоƽ֮ȱ֮£оҲδػӦ
ľ׺ģҲױԹϣοҲɢԹ
˼ԶûԹۣҲûô壬ˣǸóѵ
Թϵǰһ󷢺ڣЩȳѪֱǿ£˼ԶζԵĵġ
ΪζԲ𡣡

 116 


Ͻݣԭɼ˶˼ԶΪϽס
ǻⱨӦġ֮ϽأҲ֪괺꣬ɷ߷︴ա
ǵֻʰ˵ֻɡ˼Զһã׼ǣȥǵ䣬ֻԴΪ鿵ٵλ
島˳ǣ۵Ц⣬ԹֲĲ踽ǵʹǸͬΪ
šһɵԹĥеž࿹Ҳڵʡ
ǰְݵȥΩԸϵʦǵãزΪһ
ǣǵŵĵѵ˼ԶֻЦ𣬡ɡ
ֻӰ룬ƫİɫ䣬ʱҲ֪Ϊ˭
ķ纮ǣԹ䣬ҲӰΣޱ߻þ£һŰϽ
ⲻʵʵһɷ󷨵޽ķУһֺﺬѪᣬ˻ƣΪҪ塭
ʣǴδ˼塣ǻ֦һ֮ݰܣһʱ
Ȼۣһȼߣֱе롣
оõģԹ֮µʹͲʣһҪǧ꣬һͬȼȴת˲Щ֮ټ
֤ǴڹģΨܵԹ
岻˼Զ˼ԶҲѹѹԹ롣
ֻҪһлᱻԹû֮С
ЦΪƶ񡣡ƿ˿ѪѪմĵϨһ̽ѿѪԹ
ĨȥѪָۣ⸧ݰֲһصֹһ˲
ޱֻԹûĻ󣬵ָ⸧һ˲ǸܵˣΥϤģϹˮϢ
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ڻþУʵеȴڻԲУһڵ޶˵˵üģ̾Թ⣬ʦҪˡ
޶˻Ƭ̣üȻֳˮǼǳҲĵһϹӡǣֻôһ˲ȥ
ˮϵô¡޶üüһ۵ˮƣ޶˿Ƶġ
þУޱԹҵɢȥʱһ¶Ŀºɡ
ԶЩˮһɫ˾ƺ翣ɢķīȾûж׺˫ɡ
һ嶼úΨգͽģ忴С
ǧ꣬ʱתص߸˾ôվţҲţ͸ۣȥ㾰ɫ
Ȼǲ꣬޷ҲĵĻϲڶģȳģֻϲ
ɿְܣһգסһ䣬֡ˮ
ݻء循ʱǱֶ޶ˡ
ʦܣ޶ͷֻ亹֪ݻˣʱڣ룬ա
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˼Ͼ޽䡭
ͽҪӦʲɡȻ⣬õʯֻĪ
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ĪÿһҹҹʱĪܺ۵ĻϲһΣݲĪôĬĬԵصȥˡ
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ʦ𡭡ĪЩִϾݼձߣ𡭡
ġ۵΢죬ûҶĪƵĶ
áĪƫͷϾߣǺܾûˣõҶҷһʵ
ݲ֪ĪƼͣһΣôúõĻţھݶѾ㹻ˡ
ˣһʱԣĪƵ˵ʯӣֽ˿ǡ
ʯɫ䣬ȹգӺЩˣҾܾ
Īƻȭɿž¶ǳЦôЩС˵ţÿȷ𣿡
Ȼûôԥʯ޸֮ЧĪȷʵĪ
Īʯžʦȥߡ
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ûµġĪЦ⼫ǳɫƫ԰ЩһЦԼ˷Ѫɫ
紺µĻѩҲڻƣ˵ɥڵӽذףȥǰããһƬ
˾ôѩվãֱðͷĪƲ˾䣺ʦȥæ𣿡
һæǶദʱ䣬ĪģҲûӰѾݽߣϡ档
㡣򴽣ƫЩ
˵һֻ̣һ˵˼𣿡Īס֣ٲƽֻ׽̽
Ҳ֪û
ǣڣʦֻҰɡĪƸžݼձߣھ⧲Ȼͷ
ͫһ¶ԴϴͬƸ¶һǼרעᣬƿ
۽޲˲ۣ⣬ڷһǡ

 117 


档Īָ⸧꣬۵һƬôãΪľʯշתⶫվ
һƵĻҪϢڲ£ĪжαʱٺĪûйϵˣǶߡֹ
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Ϊ˶࣬ǾǾԵ壬ʤߡ
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ųôҼûܸϾݶУվȺеŹ񣬸һ˼ԶЦǳǳʢ¡
־źáųɫѣЩ˸߰˰ˣƫʦʦǰȥݶʯҪ֧λ
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ʮ֮⣬һϮʢװ֮ˣĿĽ㣬ⲽֻ̨ϸ޽һ֮
֮ھʱԼͬϢ֮ˣ治֮Ǿѩ꣬㣬Ӧ֮ˡ
ûܶ˵һ֣һöȥѽ⳾֮ģˣͲй
ϢעĿʱת۲˲Ϣ䣬λ¹ߣΪһϮڽ壬ڶǴƣЩҪ֮⡣
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ݿΪǵӰʱ˽ԭأۿժߣظ֪ˡ
ǣǧչֹ

 118 


ǧչֹ֮ҲǾͽƣݵļλ䣬űţܺġ
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Ŀ˶ݣ֮λΨһϮ³˽վ˻ƾʲô˵ʦ֣𣿣
һ쾡ǻ
֮ϱһ¶࣬õտڰоԼҲˣֿ֮
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ģּ
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ϲӭƶҲţ֮£ڶ١˼ԶȰݣͷȻҲæ񹧺ء
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͹˾ݣֹ˶͹˾ݵӦ
ôִ治ǣ綨µ޽֮
ǧȺ򣬻Ҳǿһ

ķѩͣЪɽСҲëһͷ׷ɢЩ죬ϧǻɫͫʧ˹
˵һսұɽһ˲أ峤ûˣ㶫ҲóЩɡ
Ȼֶֹջҹ
ʧ˶ʯӡͬټˡ
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ԼϵȨֹ˹ǣ۵¶ȣҵ·ģ
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ЩֻһԭͲϱӡ
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ת˲ǧ꣬Ͻ֮Щ£ǲڼʱʹ
ڵãΪתȺƷһΣ

 119 


̱ݼλ󣬶ǧչްٹֹٶ
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ֹһع᪾ûˣʱ俨û湻׼ҲɰħȫٹȥûҲҪŪ
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ʮһؽɥڰϣӢһ˵ӡ
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ҲûúõĶȥŪʯŽɣ̡߽֮ų˿ڣʵƲϾݺħ޾֮£ƫʦʦǲ֪ʲôԻҩͦΪ
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ԪӤͻ֮Ĺ֣ġ

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㲻Ǹոպ𣿡˾ݳƾԪӤģϺݺһţҪɱ𣿲𣿼
ݺһߵɫ࣬иվһھעɢ˻ֻڨڨС˵ʲô޽Ѻõģҿû˵ֻ
ͦ찡ƾѧϸոЦݣողǻ˵ڴǰЩ鶼۸ͷô
С㡭㣬ĪҪͱˡɫѿԪӤıô۸ƾžݸˡ
۸ˣƾЦЦǺɽɥڴ죬ǲǶһЧȣ
ѶĸƼɽǰʱƾȣ˵˵ɣʲô硣

 120 


ףǸҸȤأƾȥɽǳûٰڳ¾ΪȢʦˣ
ǶȤɽˣ˫棬ο޽ҲҪϲ³ϲȫʮĴô
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ҲܣƾһŲ۸ʦ֣һݺһأԼ
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ˡ
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ǡҹһ٣ſջκ˴߿ɫ
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ᡣջ䷢ɣֹߡ
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˵޹ϸ𡭡

 121 


ɽԶɽаӹȥֳѾڲˡ
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ǾȲƵű裬Ҳڵʣµ񣬲Щɡ
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һܣѹºŻѪƫɫʾѶ裬ǰ󷢺ڣɫ¶ţһһٵǡҵš

 122 


縲˺ɴ統賿дӿҪױ̧־ˣּЩ˾Ƴ⣬鷿Ҳˡ
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ɽǼ£Ҳһ޽ĵһϲ£Ҳ˲ǰ񣬺ɽǰδе
ɽɵĻҲõüʢ̺ɽſ̵˳ȥĺɽɵӶ˺죬Ϊϲ졣
һһϮɫȻԱϱϯλֻǶԱɽɵϲڵɫɲôá
޸ԣ˵¼ҲΪԾûһģ˵ݻ˵縸ΪأɽҲ̱ȣ
δǱƼʱ˻ʱңɫ硣
Ų豭ɨڳͣߵⲽڻ飬Ҳˡ
ʮױ̶Ӿ̨֮ϣŶ˾ӵĺɽżˣϯλΪ鿵ųһΪʦһ
鿵ڰθĵλϯλŲʱֻ˵˾䣺Ļ£ôܲȥ
˻еĶһ١
⼪ʱֽǰٷ񿪵˲гŸ̨ȥΪӣõĸͷ滻˴׺µϸգݡ
ȫ嶼ûʲô飬ٳǡ
һݸã
û԰˸ա
ԭϲĳһʱЩžƱδųЩסغǳ˾䣺ʱʲôӣ
ʦ𡣡幰ְΥؽʦ
ʦ֡帴ݡ
ָϷϽɲΪ˰ʲôá
н˲ΪţƫﻹûʲôֻһһأѽƵøЩһһٵ˵ţֿʦţݽķʲôʸվ

 123 


ɱˡ
ɱ»ɽţ޽¸֮档
ɽۿӱ̣ѣνֱһĵַȥ
ĪҪ˲ɣɽŷ˸ǿǶԶҵԶ
ϲĳһţץס壬ֱһС⡣
˵ҲֻҪ岻齣Ի治һˡ
ͽųƫһ
ƿ߲̿һĨ죬ֻ΢ڷſʦֶ
ԡԡҶӡҶӣŷ֮˻
ġЩģż֣ǶҲҶѽ
嵹Ƿ̵غЦǵֻҪһ˵ôҪģǡ
ȫɽɶȥ
ЯĴʣԭڵŰΣĺɽɵȺȥҳԸһ˲۵˺ѷֻûڵϴ
𶯡֣Թڵأڲˮ˶ģλ˲ʦ˹ɵЩ
˵ЩʱɺƽΨز֤Լ״̬Ҳ̫á
ݿԼûȹһڵĲˮЩԥǸóֹģ飬ûס
ǰξ񡭡
ĸƵζܰɣź°ڻת˸ȦҪúͺɽ֮ʹģ
ĸ֮ŻⶫȻЩйƵжܣǰôӵɽɲġ
ǲ²£ĸƣ˭ϣ˵⻰ʱЦЦ;˵ݣһЦһ侪Ϊ
ڵһ£˵Ļִ㶾ޱߵ߳Ķ
Ǹĸһ֮ǰһǺɽɵ״ȥס˳
һ¾׶
Ųʮ갡Ǻݵȥɱĸ
ţ۵Щ죬ȥ룬ȥݻܹһУܾЩ˶ݻأ
Ҳǵ棬ɱǵĶӣΣ崽΢䣬Žתת
ͳŹƶ֮ʹԸǸо֮ʹȥ䣬㡭
̫ʹˡֱʼһ˽
ôأؿһۣԷ̧ͷ׼ͬ۵òеĺɽŷ򸾣ŰҿţǵĺöӣƫķôⱨӦģ
ͽ˲ɣųֱ챻оˣὣµķһͨҿ
Դ׼ⷨɳԪӤȫһڳԼΨоƿĿܣ˵ˣҲڶģľݲᶯ֡
û裬ʦҲطЩžݷɬЦЦʦҲطҲԼ˶ģ˷ҪԺɽ֮Ѫһϴף֮衭
Щòȣɵ¡
ġˡҡҡͷվɽ״ΪͬţƵһ𡣡
Ŷڳλжӷݣ֣ҾͲ̸ˣЩ˲֪ΪҪһҡ
״ڴɥɽɵˣʦ֣ԺţڣԼ˲ɣ
ЩΣҲְ֧ⷨ˽ʱѪһء
ȾѪĽЩҡΣˮ˾䣺࡭
ʦʦԶ֡ǵĽЦЦѡƫĿ֬ûѹ¶ѪŻʱɫ
֮ʱ߷ɢǺɽҪˡ
ɾôһ֮ˣˡ
ˮỷס䣬н˼ɣƷһϮɣüģ˫ԨҲΪ
աաй⻪ִʼŲ⣬Ź°ջҴ֮¶ӵ
ˣ㹻ˡǰټһ桭
帧ջձߣЦһЦģ֪ĵ͵ʳˮմʪջ½ҲҡҺ㡭
£Ҵߡջͣһ˳ƵѨ
ˡǰ󷢺ڣջάվҲ
Ż˿Ѫȴץջ䣬ʵᡭ𡭡
ûҲھʹߡջɲǣɱˢˢ˸̨֮ϣ¹棬ɱȻʾݡħޡ
ôħޡͻҵĳڹ˳е滪ջçײǱǣװȥ˰
뽣ָ̨ʱ滪Ҳеıվ˳ȥһϮҡҡǧչ绪ͽ̡
磬ǧչˣ
ػ֮£ΪŭĪųὣֱָ壬ͽıͬŻħ޹ᣡҽձŻ壡Ҳûͽܣ
ųнƷջһǳֱûջУ崹ֺȾѪһͽ˺ѷһ䡣
ջ
ջһ⽣Բġ
Ҳⳤûһ˲ؼ侪𣬱رֱָ֣ɽɡ
ųɲǣˮɫջ˿ڣֹʧѪĿܡ
ջû֣˽һ۳ųһӣһˣų۶壬޹ϸ𡣡
ջŵ˼£ָ΢ֲȥջ˿ڡ
ջüס֣͵Ӧ䣺û¡
⾪Ļҳ֮£ʿˣڳΪߡݡ
鿵׼𣿣
ĪҲҪħ޹᣿
Թͬڱ췣Ҫˣ
ʼΪ˵ľһﲻֻŽЩ
ĪǡĪںħ޹桭˷Ϊ˽һ򾡡
ݣ㻹ҪԹ۵ʲôʱ򣿣޷Դջųŭ
ҪЩͬħնɱ𣿣
⵶⽣Ӱң쾪У˷ӦŽָ˵ſʦܡ
ܷţģⶾֻҽˡջţŬջƵԼȥ
ʦ֡ҪҪ循ڿѪɾݵĽһᣬͲô׷ˡ
ʦ֡㡭һ򣬳žһݣ
ҵĹ㡭
ʶܾǰҲһôǰԼȥ
ջ͵ͳ˿ȥסбƵ壬ס˲䣬ӿأ˲Ϣ
ǲǣʶ
ڸʱǸҲʲôһ˵ʱ
ԡʱ򡭡ѱϲջʮָۣͷȥջָһ룬ǱǼʱ򡭡
ݻذһΣҲֿˡ

 124 


ĸʲôʱֵõ۸ˣĻУɫŤת˳һϮɫۣޣɼϰ塣
ĺ¹Ҳǳ¡
ΨҶƣǶֹ֮Ī
һǷҲһΪõ֮µ
ĸ޽ǵĸ֣ٸҲ֪ôֹ΢нɢʱջԲʮɵ˶˳ȥ˵ҶҪǣδҲ̧̫Լˡ
˵ɽɣǧչ̤ƽǣָ˵ʲô
˵ءֹӵľݽӻ
Ӵʦ𡣡ֹһЦþò
סڡһҲʦ
Ŷаɡֹ⾰̬ȣֻĿڵҽһ鿵
ǼȻϾ£׼زȥôݲ־תֺֹĵɫĻ
Ҫ𣿡ֹ˵нָ̨һϢ壬ʦܿ˰ǲ⣬𣿡
ŶˣУôͬŶжδءֹһ䣬˾һǶЦҪǶһģı˸ذ
ǡߣݵͳ˿⸲ֹ˼ʿǣȥٷġ
Ҫ㻤νͬţ֮һսֹƵĹ˹һھݶŭǰ֣ΪϷʵǰһ仰ҵ㰡ʦ𡣡
һߣɢֻʣĿʬơ
ݷһʱЩΣ֪ģ֪ĽջôͻȻӦ¼ˡ
ϲΪɥת˲ɽűħʿѪҪˡ

˺ɽʱϢֻջϷš
һϮʧ˷ڣǧīҲɢջôţߡ
˵һ޵Ψջһˡ
ջһڱҲʳɺ죬ڵһȥ޶
û˼ջ㣬ҹ·ƫҪġûзֺݡ
ʵᣬҲƫݣôҲۡ
ջߣˣÿһγʱģ´ֺһʱ䡣
Цʱרעᣬﶼֻݵһˣÿһ˺ʱǹᶨ
һֱڰƣƵѳܵĵز
д棬ȴʧջͣ˲ӣ»ط忿ͷͷʧ´ꡣ
Ȣ㡣

 125 


һףɽɵϲ°ɥ£ĸƵͳɹÿһܹߵ
¹ڸͽ壬ⳡϲµ֮һ
ɽ֮ԾˣƼɽɵֱǧչħ͵Ϯں󣬺ڳֹһ¡
޲Լͬɽ֮£漰Ĳֹڣ鿵ʦܣԸҲ֮顣
еľݲ̸ֻⶨǰǰز鿴սΡ
ľݣ޽һˣħֹ̬ȣҲѿֻɵһˣʿǶԾʦܸ֮ٶ಻ݲǱҲҶԡ
Ӳɽƾۣһſڴȥʦֺαء
ݾôվţ˵
ʦֻɽɣ޽棬Ĺɥħ޶Ǽ£ôȫʬ
û˻ɣʱȼһҳֽټǼգǸŵ
޽棬֮ܡ
ֻ֣һذĿ̶ڣТһ˭
ʦãȥ
Ҳȥʦ֣ҡʦĶƾôЩ󣬡ҶþûˣҶû
һһ档
ȫʬѰ٣ᡣ߷ſգٸħǣ˶Щڸʱ
ƾһ㶣Ʋŵغһʦ֡ƭҶԲԡ
ʵˡ
Ǿô𡭡ƾ΢˿ͫײ
¡
Ҳʲô£ƾͺ漴ǸΪҵؿǡʦְôԿ
ˣƾѺȥݷתٿƾ޵ҡ
Ѿ˶ۣҪκˣ˵
Ǹһ㳤ʦܣǵһΪʲôڵء
Щ뷢Цƫ˼ãȻĿĺɽɣϾǧɵĺȻһһ
µĶԳȱֻ̫Ҫϡ
޷ǰ·ν޷ݲȭŪʯûֻҪһգʲô֮ͱȾָһֺ
ϾΪؽһ޽
ʱ޽ȾѪĽɥûȥĻȻҲûȥʱѾ֪߰˰ˡ
ʦ֡޽̧ͷ徰һЦЩԺ־Ȼ㿴Ͼ尡ʵʵڹأһֻҲŰա
֮£ֻ;̸ŽϾƣ֮һ糣
ʲôϰߵģ
޽ˬ죺ʲôϰϰߵģͱһɾǾͶˣ
Ҫ˵ĻҲôһ׮¡޽һ٣Ͼ̫ƻҲ̫ɢˣçײӰɣʺȥ߹طߵģȻսʹ졣
޽ٺһЦ˼ԶϵϸЩҵøһ
㰡ݲ˿ϾƼȣΪ׵޽ҲÿǺһ
޽һֱֵúɣݴҲϣԼܷЩʣѹڴĵľˣ޽˵ʲôĻֻʵȥôҰġ
ھ뿪ϾϽʱ޽ЩɻʦְʦǸˣʲôο˵ĻҲҪţ޶ʦ˵ʲô㳣Ȼ
޽˵ŵԼԺˣͷ˼࣡
ȥ˾ǹȥˣϧ²Ҫġѵö˽޽Щͣ룬ڵּʲô²ʰˣҵĺܣúּĺá
˵޽һ֣һϴ֣Ȼܸʦֽġ
һֱţֱ޽˵Ŷ޽ߣӦ׵ģлʦ̻ܽ塣
ʲô̲̰޽ڰ֣ʦҪ֪ΪʦܺʹһԶ֧ġ
šףȥ޽ǲɣ˲ٵʱǾ뽥Զ
ԭʱ;ܸıһ˺ܶ࣬Ψų֮Ĵδ
Ͻ
һƬѪ͸أ˼Զųȡ˼ֶκ󣬽巢˷ƵıѪȾ⡣
㾳֮£Ͻ˼ԶܰԼøɸɾһԶɡ
ھݵĵ⣬ݱϾ޽䣬ѲԼʵ
˼Զң֮²ŵԣôţҲûͣ£Ǿţֱպ󣬾ݲŻȪӳ¡
˼Զ˹ӣֻ˫ҵһңж
αء
Ǻαء
˵תӣ˼ԶܲסݵĳĬվһӭݰϽ
ɡߣЩ㲣˼ԶһȪӳ£Ҳ֪ڰǰ
ԭΪϽ㣬ǰ˳ŽڵɽҰƳǽ֪ѪѪĿС
ԭҲΪΪѡ֮ˣ˳졣˼ԶӦǳɡ
ԶȺɽûƫоϮն˼ԶһƷֲѵ
ð֮⣬֡˼Զɫ糣վֱ˵ǣҲҪƫĵĵ㳣ĽҪɷԲܵģڤڤ֮أ
ԵԶɣ쳾Ϸ鿵ߵ·ɡ
⡣ݲ̫ף˼Զʱ֪˵˭
ЩˣЩ£ؼǹ̫Ҳһŵʯͷһճɣȥ
Ȼأ
ЩӦǱҸ˵ġ˼ԶݣͬΪ̫ƽߣ˼ԶΨһ֮Ϲ۶Ϊӹǰ·ΣΣ޽֮Ϲֻϵ
ݸ־ǺˮѤü䣬˼Զְһߡ
ε̫ƽֻǧԲǡ
ɡ䣬ֻҪһգƽ£㲻ħȥġ
˼ԶļΪһŵδ˵һңϵھͻȻˣԵݣҲǺס
ˣԳĬ䣬˼Զ뵽ʲôƵģڵЩռľһഫ־ǿЩǰ˲µĹż
Ҫҽ־죿
˼Զоʲô֪Ҳйһִ˼Զᣬ֪ʲô˼
Ҳ˼ԶһתҪ˵ǣüģϽҲϾǾ졣

 126 


˼Զ˵Ϲ֮ʱһʼ񣬲ǰҲͽ£
һλʼӦħ
Ϲħƶ֣֮˫ӦΪͬ
ֻǣϹ֮սħܣʼԶ飬򻮷ֻ֣زȱ
ʱգϡԶʿͻ᳹˳֪ʶ
ҾţħӦǲĵģֶʯҲµòҪ죬ħ˼ԶԾµð˾Ųʮˣû˼ǹʲôȱһֱһ仰һҪغþ죬ƿȥ
գ帲֮ʱ
ħѰ˸ħķӣħ룬˭֪ħǻ᲻һ²Ϊħ·³
ػ汲ʿġ
ҪȥͱϾϽңüɵħͻϮģӦǱ
ʵϣ˼ԶҲȷʵ¶ôЩֹ˼
Ʃ磬Ҫ˾˼
ǧչȻħһã˵ɥﵹѵûϲ¡
ϯֹ֮߾λ滤ĬȻԣϯλ޼棬һΪǧչ
һϮŮûзֺķ緶ֻһյһŶԱȴʮһɢԵĴܿҪн١
ǧչջƴǰ˵ֹСҹ䣬һϮ߹ߴڱյ֮ϣԣ࿡þء
׵ֹ֮£ûѹ°ǣɨڣ˾ͱѹôҳһˡ
ǧ֮۲ŴԳɣݵã塣
ֹ֡ٱһȦơ
̨ħҲæٱлʮһΪ̨Ϊߣһллǧչ
ǰض񡣡Լ̸ֹһתϮˣͬ˷ǰҲǸֹӣǣҲ֪Ϊΰɡ
֪֪ǰɥ
᲻֪
һʱֹߵʱȥֹֻ۵׻ֳ⣬˵ţҲִ٣ǣİ
ֹ⻰һɫǧչĺǧչǰ᪴ɥһֹʱԣǺʲô
ڽʲôȺóԵ滪ֹǺˣסԣʵں뷴˭ģ˭Լ֪ģ
οѰ˼Ҳ̰ɣ
Ȼʵǣ滪縧Ÿ˳ؿڻվŵЦԣ硣
λɱˣֹ˵⻰ǷֺôЩӦֵ磬ҿӵúܵġ
ֹ⻰ںˣ˵ɥֳ磬߱ĽɥֹͻȻĿڣͳǸǧչϲɥ
˭˳˳ȥħǿɫһʱ֪ζԸ¡
⡭ˣôæûٵúʵ񡭡ȹЩӣǶٳַϣеħ̽ſ˿ڡ
ֹбյʱųϣֻһۣôλ㲻磬ֺֹӣ
繬ĪʮһЦžٱ绪٣λͬǷϼǹŵģּԲõģֻһ
ǰҲûôֹµǰ˼֡
ȷʵˣʮһЦ˵һ٣ҴʮһԸ޼Ψ繬հ񣬿ɻ⣿
ֹ΢ֵ⵱Ǳչõһ񡣡
һһͣ˾Ǹħޣֻһ·ѡ
ħҪҪͶϣҲħ˺ǧչ˵ɥȣϷˣҵȣƾʲô
˴ͷˣȻЩԸΪӹħ޸ͣһʱžĵ
ֹź͵̾˿Ǿͣɡ
ɲǣȿħѪħۣͬ齣˲䣬ϯĴֳ˻ս
뻯⣬͵춨˽֡
һֱĬĸջʱոջüҵħȥΨǧչ޼֮˾
ҪôֹҪô
αظǷϻʮһгת䣬ѪձߣԸģͨͨɱͺˡ
㡭ǡΪڶֻô˶վ
ǰ˵ֹһЦ˵þ֮ѳδ磬Ҳģ
ǧչǧ֮⣬һʮڲþ֣֮Ǻ¹̰ǵڣȼյĸۡ
ϣٶЩ΢Υɱ¾ֹĳء
ͬĳǧչҲţʮһɫЩ׵Ĵܣţ˶ɱ㵱ʲôħޣ
ҡһ٣ŽڶõһħҲǼţסк𡭡𡭡
ۿʮһʧһ˲
ܵ͵ͳ˿ȥʮһձѪ˵ԭ룬Ѫ˵ģҲŲ¡
ʮһĶֱ֣ͣʮһӦ˾䣺е޼ٹӡ
ͺˡֹһֳ򦣬̨Ѫ۱أŵħ޼ݵԸԸ
áֹֹ̧סˣȻλʲôˣϯͼɡ
ջʾ⣬˹ǰַҩ
ֹû˼ֻ˰ʬ崦ˣѪԴ档
λۿ̨˭ҲҶֹۡ
Եľ棬ѪȾĵƱյ޷ڣҪǸҲǾһƷ
ջͷβûʲô˵ټЩЩ޹أǻ֮һ
Ī֮£һṲ̊˵ţЦҿˣ
Ͻ
ոħǲԲֹۣǡҲйᰡ
٣պáֹԸ˻µư£һǧչǣԡ
Ϲ߻ѰҿġڴһЦƼȣжһǣкعˡ
дǰֹڴлֹ˱յЦ̣һõģ
ֹĪ˸ͷ滪ҰľƣϯԵʲôѾҪˣҪǽֹһͳӣߣ͵Ȫ·ȥҪ˵ɡ
ݣҲΪǧչ֮
滪ʢľƱЦЦʶʱģɲΥֹ⡣
滪ǺȸˣһԸ½ǣָѪ󰡣㿴Ҫˡ

 127 


ʱɢʮһ΢ҡΣַܷ͵ЦţһĨҡ̤顣
֪޼ʮһһϮҡңڷ׺ƫһġ
޶ڣϳʮһڱһ֧ӡ
ʮһָ΢ҡǡ޹֮ˣ¹й£䷭ת䣬˷ȥ
ûйڣҲҪڣʮһ͸ǣҡŮ
ʮһ˸ޱߺģ鸧ǧ꣬ͬһɫ
Цɣ˲
Ҫ˶ϡ
ֹ˸ѣƭ˴ʮһס
ľǴʮһΨһڱĶɱﲻͷ˸ӣ󷽡
ǰ׸ֹˣֹֻ֪֮Ķˡ
Ȼټʲô
ʵֹҲȷ˵֮ڣʮһˣӦˣһƿӡ
ƣ֮˺ţΪɱʮһʲô۶á
䡣ֹջһֱȻ֪Ҳǵջŭ
ϡ
˵׷ѰʲôڿյΨʣǶˣҲ͸ֹĿϾ
ǴϵȨջݷܣΪģֹܷ˵Ĵˣջֹ˵˵
ԣԣֱ׷Ѱģھ⡣ֹӺܾǰ𣬾ָоҪ׷ѰģҲһСС
ǡ᪺־ͬϣҲ죬ټһޣ֮µֻأ˵꣬ôټ֮ա
᪶Ծ⶯˼һƬδ֪֮أھ⣬廹ټĿܡ
ûڶõ⿪ӡĹؼʯ
ֹʱֵģСȴҰĲоѷɫλʣźͬ뷨
Ҳƿȥȥ̽Ѱ֮ܡ
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ʲôִ磿ֹۿ͸֧ͺ޲һ˰ɣ
ǡջʿѪĭһֱڿԼĶȣԷԼʧѪ൹˱軹û
ҡָоġջ˵óٻǻָϺҹ²ֹǿˡ
ϹˮһƲǡջһһ٣˵üϽԨڻˣΪľˮתǾֻʣˡ
ˮһ˿ǣֱҲ¡ջЩΣҪŰѻ˵꣬׵ǰֹֻģһ䣺ô˵ʼתأ
ջһѽһ֮һֱ͸֧Լʮǰһ˲𣬷ɢԴˣ٣аһβīΪֱѪ
ǣ಻ԸԼ÷ֺ
ε֮üҡͷٷѪˣⱾԴûֽܴ죬´ʣǶõˡ
ֹɫһʵԴ
С֮ҡͷӶͿˣֻ𡣡
ο⾭һ⣬ܵģվԭеġ֮ͷϣ֪һھ⣬Ҳ֪ʦȷʵõӣҲˣô龫ȥġ
ֹһ٣Ʋ⡣
ϲ֮ȥƵ²ҩ裬ʦˣҾֻʣʦˡ
ֻʦҲֻʦ
ǧǰջջ˾֪ǧ֮ͽ֮
֮ǺܸммջӲмԸԲ˳ʦܡ
ջ߱ʦǼٵģֹҲŵԣֻҪǧ̳ջͷһ·
ǧ֮ؽɽ޹ϸֱˣԥ˺ܾã֮ɽѰջȥˡ
֮ʦֽӴܸоģջǸˣƩŹǧƩ羡޲Ƶ㡣
о仰ĻģջûģҶչӡ
ʵŮ޷޷һųҪ
֮ңңʦִλӣôڱֻ˯ˣͬջһơ
ְԵջһﲻ֮͵͵ջվ˺ܾãֻˣ䡣
ֻһ
ջϷš
Ѫ䣬͸֮ѸٱڣҲڹױ߷񣬸òƫͷǹϣһ䣺һǷһ񡣡
֮ûʲôֻԸ⳾ʦֺЩ
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ʦֺòĽ֮ˣ

 128 


Ҳ
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˵ĪƣǸǻȳϣ̻ůˡ
ǵӽÿһ˲ǵЦղҲǵÿһᣬĬʱ۵ʹ
ʱ֪һУԭԳʱһͷβơ
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һɫ٣Ψʣصһ˶С
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޷ĳǵǻԼиʲôʧ
ظҡɽ䣬һĨذӰԶ
ٶȣѰʿǸϣ޽Ҳ۰Ͱָţħ޿ս󣬻ݻˡ
ţĿǱѩ󣬾ֻҲûĪԼΪնɽ峤壬˾ӼʮҲΪ
ɾݻôЩǣǶδ֪ãǶ˼ԶԴǵ˼

 129 


к˺ת˲һأһ룬Ȫ˾Ҳ뿪ǰˡ
߹صʿǴŹǷʵ벻ͨôģħ޴ǱѾȥüˣҲûʲôֺαôϷء
ʵϣֹһȷʵã߲𵤵ĶУβ˻Ϣ
ֹ˼ģһߡ
ϵ󷨡ʮһᣬֹ͸˿ĵд˷ģ羪˵ġ
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ǣģأʮһϰ߽еҲȥλգ˳ڣôһֱˡ
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޷Уסֹ֪Щʲô۵һƬ
Ҫôأ
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סڡߣ⻪תУֱָֹûͽܡ
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ֹһ˱ܿδʵĽּǽ֣ǽơ
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˵ϻ˹һֱֹŶȥ
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㻹һʦЦֹһ˲ƣɽ飬һ⣬Ψݰ²Ⱦ˪ѩ֣Ϊߡ
ڤ粻顣ֹƳЦǽתˮϯơ
ƫƫԼͬʮɻعࡣ
üƽǹ˳뾰С
ҵ͹ˡֹɫǹʱֱУαأα仯֮𡣡
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λԪӤ֮ϵĴභɫ䲻ת˲ԲǧӿеĶˡ
ȴضת֮⣬޻Ϣ
ֹ˱ܼϮƾƣƷڶֱ֮
ֹвѵǽɫΪȻܸоǽԸָ
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Ϊ֮أΨ״ӿɳϮֹڡʹ
нһֹ⻰ȷʵ񣬶㾳Ĵභ¶·һ
ֹֻһ࣬ᳰлʦ̻֮˷֣Ȩл񡣡
ɡֹЩ棬ֱ뾰Уٵҵ·㣬Ҳġ
ݵߣ˳ǽֹҲ߾룬ץסȻΪ޷ֺֻڵû˽̹㣬ͷҪ̫ࡣ
ⳤֱָģֹ෽
ԭֹʱ򣬾ݾͷⷽԲԤţһֱָֹš
һֹܵΪѣȻܹձ߻ǲ˵Ѫ۳ֹһʱȻ۵ʧЦ⣬üţ
Խ𣬱ԣټʱǲݡݶڣˣٸôʮ⡣
ֹЦҲϵΣֻ鿰鿣޵鼫ˡ
Ҳ֪Ϊʲôʶģоݱֻõһ鿡
Σ޸ϵݲּ֮䱻ֹѵļָܲɫ֮ɢ
Ǿתȥ֤λභ֮ء
ʣֹὣԭأʱʮһʶѾɹֱͨȥ˵Ӯˡ
Ϊʲôôʧ䡣
ֹƾ˼飬ǽʱԲ飬˳ǣֻȤǽ̤նȥ
ݣãü

 130 


ֹҪǻݻǾͲֹˡ
ټֹһڣѲߵŲһ򲻶࣬ʮһȻ˽ؽ磬Ͳб׷ֵĿܡ
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´󼪣ʮԲҹƿӡ󷨵ħ޿дʣ£ָ֮ϡ
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ѾһĲ룬ΪԼٶһƾ
ããҶأҲˡƾЦģʦֲҪ˺òãĺףҲؼˡ
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ڣ㰡ƾһ֣Լ˵׼̫ҾͼҴˣȲʦֻ˵Щء
ʵʦ֣ôʦʱʱȥʦ㣬ڼʦ֣ٻôʦѹ
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㶼չ˺Լ²ָ˭ȥѽ
ɼţԼЩ

 131 


ƾʱû˵ӷһϮʥŮװ޺Ļ׺˴ݶ¶һ˫ңɽţԶС
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 133 


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ݻء΢ʱɼ۵ӯ𣬡ͬģײ롭

 135 


ƺ󣬶Ҳάűƽˣ涫ħܹ߷Ǳ룬ջֹЩġ
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ΪֹҪָŵġ

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һߣ˼Զ˸գзĬãֻЦ޷ٶЩʱա

 138 


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ѩ䣬ݲŷԭǵȴΪ
Ƕħ޻ṥ֪ʱֻ׵ħƫǱ֮֮
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򷢸ɴ꣬ȻûȣŰƾƵ˴˷ء
ƫ˼ԶƲʧ̬һ˵ţһ㶼ɳʥӶϣȡ¯񡭡
סڣЩƲסԼ˼Զ౻Ƴʮȥ˲ѪۣµؿݵԵŭųŴĪǣ֮ˣǵʶɣ
ʶȷʵʶһÿɰСʦáǰҪǧչ˺ԼСʦá
ʵ˺ܺöϣþʧ̬ԮģΨǰЩعƾ
ƾô˼Զգգֵۣߣ׷ӣˣؿ
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˵ΩԸʦʦ룬ŵ
ƾ޽Ͼݶ޶˴ƱЩʲôЩʲô
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ǧƣôƵʦͷȥء˼Զɫ䣬´ʲộ˭Ҳ֪
㻹ʲôҡһ٣浱֪ıϽײɡ
˼ԶȻʧЦ˰ˣҴһȥҲ֪ٹ飬ִҴȥΪ̫ƽ
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ħѪͰԵ֮ǿᣬ˵ħ֮սȽɱľħһһϢѪд档
ټ٣ټ档˼ԶһգҾţʮ߰棬ħİԼȥ
ǵѰ·ӡķӣǾȥɣҲ£ա

 140 


ѩͤⶬѩ࣬ͤڲȼֹջԶȴԡ
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ջһֱʶУΪܶӵģ񷴵ߡ
ְֹ˱ۣž̳˳ȥĿĵţԾȥ룬ĵջĶľݣҲԼĵ
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ͷջָ⣬ջƵ޹ЦЦȴǣ㱧ҹȥ
ջ˷˺ᱧⱧΣԾƫˡ
˹ţգգۣлҪ˵
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ᡣ
ǣһ꣬ꣿָջһһأ˵ţһ
ŶȻЦݣǺܿ찡
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á
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ӵ䣬ҹѩ

 141 


ͫɫ仯ֹǻô򵥵£ҪǼջѪпʹҲǳܳС
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ܲסʱԽֹͣߣ⸨ħλջͨѪҽ֮Դ
ջһۣԡ
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ʹ㾳أԡ
ʱħӿֹ齣䣬̧߲ȥǰˡ
ӿħѳУϥջЩҡΣּѪ䣬ǿ⣬ֺ֧ż䣬̫Ǳ
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ĬѾõˮ˵˵һ仰𡣡
Цһӻֵ㲻Ҫ˵

˵أôС־˰ѱ˰Сֹš
Ӧûеġ
ˮҪǾ׷鿣ͺı˰ԣǧ꣬Ʊ㾾˱˰ǧ꣬꣬Ʊꡣ
ȴֻضطά磬治ٲˣҲûħԻ쵽һȥ
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⻰ƺ˿üĿ滺֣ʯϣ벫һټֻҪ
Ƶ꣬Ҳ꣬ԭ˼򵥣Ǿһˣԭľ죬ǧ꣬ǧأǿơ
ԭΪҵģңѰľЩ
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һΡʳָˮ˹ǣƫһ۽ǻ䡣
ˣҲҹġ

 142 


ջʧˡ
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в̫ԶҲʣֹܾңԶж飬ֹ˱ۣʵȥɼΡ
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ż˪ѩµδ֪ΣգԭļѩѪȾľ಻ʱ
»񾳴ܲս޽ΪԪӤԲʵЩݸûпʱͻһش󾳽磬һߣûסȻϵħ޺ħ塣
вУʱѶ뱾
ߣһ˲ӹʣͬһĵ֮ȥʣӱȭȥ
ûй̶ͣ⻮֮ڽΪӻ֮أȺ֮ҲҪʹ
֮سǷ֧齩˪ѩ֮Уǰħޣ壬ǵǸܵС
˧ųǷңңʮһīһϮװӢˣŰѶذףֻ֮﷽
ӵĽǶȣƫ
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ʮһ˼³µȵ´ӲˣʮһδϷֺ
ɵģֻ֮һˡ
þòʮһ

 143 


紺кȴд⡣
ջߺʱڴżгʱԶҲԶľ룬н
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˼ԶҲۿһһʱʲô룬ĪԼǲҵģҲһҪȥһġ

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һȼһеĻУֲסᣬָȴü䣬һʱӡ֮ϡ
нڣ˵ֻۿֿ̾Цһ䣺µ·ʮһȥ߰ɡ
ҪԲҪʮһĵڰֻܿŻ޼һз˻Щ֧ؽվֱ˫ֽռ佫סʮһĹƵ޼ңԶ
ֻ̻ع˵һۣǻˣĽɡ
ֿѺ˷ɱ楣Ҵ壬޹ѪǣʮһЦó㹴ֺųˣ
ûᣬʵ
֮Ҳǵãһԭʱ־ֻ｣ÿ
Ҳõġ⣬֪Ӵλ಻ѣɽҪȥһڵġ
ֺαأ˷֮ü΢Ըʶ䣬룬ǧʷҲעź˷λܵġ
ֺαءʣ㱾Ըģ
ұ
ֶܿ顣

ǹжҪȴʬ̤ȥɡ˽ֻﺬЦḽ˾䣺ҡ
֮ؿЩʹƫֻǿ̵ѷͬ㵱治ɱ㣿
˷һ飬ÿ
콾֮սΪǰ֮һս֮Ҫ楣Ҳȣʤɶ֡
ǵĴһҪģ轣ſѪḧȥѪۣټһ
һذʱһѪɫŷ
極ߣỺǲҲˡ
ΩԸġ
ʲôĵģң飬ףǵģġ˵óٻӵסɲǣ֮ôЩ
˳ңңڣɾң߱ҲС
𺣽Զ֮һһеңԶ˵ûħ֮ʱѾԼˡ
ңңţǰˤУ˽۵ʮָζɿ楴սૣҡҲˣʦ𡣡
ȻжԭأأаӾͻᲨ֮أҪӵ뻳ḧһ䣺һ֡òã楡
һԭ̫ˣڣǰͬ⿪Ľᡣ
ŬЦЩѰޡ
á

 148 


ֹȡʯҪضȥĻһҪľƿӡˡ
ȡʯҹΣѾǲ̫ˣֻԼԼǵãһ
鿡
鿡
鿡
ټǵЩģһѪ׹ӣǿݵϵ˹ȥ˵ţ㿴⽣Ԩϲʡ
ֹЩ뷢ЦһϮ˪ףǴ˼˫ߣôŽһѪѪأôܻӡ
ƫͽˡ
ָ֬콣룬˷ֱһȥֺ˼ֹֻԼϲˣڱǣҸϵϣ
߼䣬ֺƸƶ˽ûϵĻᣬֻƣ㲻յġ
û£ҲġֺǺһЦ˵ǣˮ
ŶǸûˣġۼԼЦֹЩɣӣмԼ֮ͬĪԼǣ˴Щ
ֹԼε棬һ뵽ЩģƬΣʧˣ˪ָΪݵģҲ֪һ鿽е˭
ʯˣΪʲôôǹһԼΪеˣˣҲǸˣǾݣǡ
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˼Զ㾫Ƶ˶Ͷħ£ǲ˵һʼͲʤ֡һͲߵʿǱܴ
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鿵ָǼĹǽ࣬޷֮ʱҲԸţǵƿЯǣȲˮ֮С
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ħΪγٳû֣ȻǣˣźһδЩƻʿ
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ջ硣ջӹ̴ҩһι塣
ôĻҩЩˡ
ջ룬Ĺҩ̫ˣǲ̫ȵȥ

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ðɡ
ЦΪΣֻҪ̬ȣջʲô˵˺ҩ
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ħȳħɹҲؼˣϸ˵ħʱԻͣˮغӭžǰש߼ңƫŹɸ֮µ¡
ħټħ֮ƫܻ֣һϮɫʱ־ãҲûôѰ
ݻأЩ䡭һԣջ漴˴멸ϣһͽᱧӦǻȥ
áջãջϾʱ伸
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Ӧ˼ԶԼǰսǰ˼࣬Ҳ裬Ψģʵҵöࡣ
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ӦǴŨʱڣĹ֮ȴû˿ޱ߻Ĳֹ壬û͵龫ǡ
˱ۣһʱ໺ڵأָһչںأ̽Ѱ֮½ǿա
ô̶̰꣬Ϊʲôӡ
Ϊʲô㲻ñҸô˼ԶõĮҲεǱֻߣһϢдͬο
Ȼ䣬⽹಻סſڣ˵һͽһ͵Ͱĵָⷺģػ
ǽҶػ٣ɫĻţҡҷҶ׺Ĵɫ
͸֧ЩȣҪܻȥħƵظţȡȾǡ
̤ĵط֮Ե԰׵ɫ
᲻ֹЪһͷѪ֪ѳУƽͼ֮ĿѪܣ硭
ƫʱһϵסȥ·Ƶƣź˼ʱഫ΢һ䡣

תȥֻƼĺӰΪĿתؿƫƫûǰһ
ջ֣˵


 149 



֣̬̽ȡ
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׹ǰһ˲ɵջһСأһƣӵס˴΢΢ջһһ٣㡭Ӯˡ
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Ҳһԣڣ㲻ʤֿԡ

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ǰ·ΣҷۣͬԶ㣬òá
˵嵹Цƫ΢ۿһᾰݺͬǣջô׵ֹ
ӣҲȽݵִﶫʱգջĵλѾ׼ˣʦջ࿹ʱջԶջܰȻ
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ǣֻûָв
Ͳһ£ֹ֣ζҿ̿𣿡
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ⲻҪֹһЦʱн䵽˵ϣֻסջ򦣬㣬Ҿȫ˵˰ɡ

 150 


֪
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ֹջƬ̣ɿֵн֪ԼЦˡ
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ĻǸҰɣȻ̫ױƭˡ
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ջԴ˲ÿɷֹһγʱȼ˵ƣջٻʱֹȻԼ˵ӰҲεջ¡
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ˣ˼Զʲô̶Ҫֹһϣöõӣ͹ˡ
˵ֹֿ۲֣һʮ򶨵ջ
ҪǸƵͷҾɱֹ˵⻰ʱЦݼΪãںջ۽ֻѰʲôҩ
ν
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Űʸֻֿܽ谭ֹ鰮˵ͷͷǵ
˼ԶҰдģҷסɱˣء

 151 


ɱˣ
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̧ߣ˼ԶжΣΪα֮죬ΪԴ
Ϊ˸˵İ֡
ԿԷٲˣ

ǾҪеҾǲʲ岻ҲТ֮ͽü΢ڵʵ㣬ΪųƳʱ֮ʿĶųҶϾϵ޽޹ϸʱһ䣿ĹƾʲôͨͨҳУ
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ҵȷԸһ٣Һް취

 153 


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ЩϢɣտɻҪȥƸȥƱЩ

 154 


ǧǧǧѩʮ꣬Ʒ¯һ߽״﷨һ˫Ļԧ˫īڽⲢʮߣԶѩӡŻƸһڴˣΪ֤ԸӭΪޣˡ
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Թ壬ջʶʮ꣬ôܿ

 155 


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ĪԼǲ˼ʱˣ𪣬һջĿܽʯ΢΢תתɲгֱջͷ
Ҳ̾һ䣺𶯡

 156 


ջױţҪǷһŵԼʣµģΨУչ˺ԶҪ
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ϵ˿ġԾɺܵͣȴջ㶣ʵû뵽徹Ȼע⵽ѾŬڲ˵˿ڣû뵽龰֮£

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۵һȣμʱջڶ˵仰ʱСϹס֣ʱЮֵ߾
ô㣬ô㡣һЦᣬջһףʦ̫ѡˣ˽Щ˭ѡˣòá
һתֱţջһ㶣Ѫ䣬ջãȻۿ廬˽ϡ
ЦдҪ˵֪һģ᲻֪
ˡˡݻءҲֵסջӿıԴ֮ͽ޹ʵѰ
ջִӵסʧ壬ֽȺʮ⣬ҡҲѡһġ
ʦߡҪʲôҶ㡭Լձ£ֱḧȥջһʱɤӣųıԴʼ޷룬Ψһ䣺㡭
㲻Ҫô뿪ҡ
˵Щ䣬ݻء
ҶŹ㡭
Եλᵽ˷أԸԼǻᱻᶨѡģҲ˭ɡ
ΪԾȥǸ¡
Ȼ䣬Ǵܽʯ
ΪߵģɱҲԸ
վǵ͹Լеķ
ԭ֪ģʼն
ջӵ建ɫ䲻ɲǣƵգʱƺϯo֮ʹƺι
ƴҪȥˣУһδΪӡջɬƫֹһ˲ľˡ
ԭΪνƣùЩЩû뵽ͷЩˣһͬƵ·ȥ
δ֮УȺιħһŭѪߣʬ಻Ϩ
˲ħħĶĴ˼ԶǧƣϧԼ֮ȴǹһϣβŭ
οջŭ޽ڳ֮ˣǶˡ
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һϣ͵͵˳ȥҲ˺ۣ޵ñЩ
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ŵ콾֮ӣ͵ܵħ޵Ҫ
Ҵȥܻȥһȥ㡭ҲΪڲѰټ͵Ӻֻڡ
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𲻹һ˲ذǴ˿̣һԼǱ紵ˣֻˣɷڵЪ֮ҲƷ
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 157 


˵䣬ҵȥҹĻջճղ鴮ǿŰڡ
ԭδΪǣǷ΢ذ
ݻأ˵ʲôֹջȫջһʬճղģȷʵˡ
ҵȥϡջǰӣգۼķذ֣Ƿ̫ʱ䣬ȥЩܸԼ˵õ
˲ɣֻȱҲȰѾ˸˵ֹЩͷۣǲ֪ջҲӷ裬ħѪҲͰˣڻѳ֮
ɣһˣ㣬㰮㣬޾ǧֻԸ㣬ʧָι
ûˣ
Уҵʦ𡣡ջ͵̾˿ֹ
֪Ƹزʱɷֻ빲Ըϧһдֻ㰲áջ򴽣ֿ֪ʧʱΨһ֮ˣ鿶ҡ
ϣദأԼδǺ㺣˿ģķʱ͸֪ԣǲͬġ
ֹ˵Ҳĵ㣬ԭΪ죬ɲԾʱݣʵֻ
ҾΪΣΨһԸ֮ƿ鿣ĪҪǶ˺ὣʱŷ᲻ջ˱ۣǰȫıƿһ˵˳
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ҲšֹһˣЩŵؿڵջĻ
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ԣƫŵģĪƣֹ
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һгĪǸԽԽ˲ִǰУ׽֮һ֡
´Ҳ˻Ҫӡ֮иܵУȻعʱɢ

ħλգħ˫˫㣬ò׾۵һȥħֱĪϲѶͬҲֻ
ʧĹǵħ񱨸ϱ֮Ϯں޽಻ԡ
ĩԺԺ֮Ů΢սߺǧࡣ
΢£ЩӡģȥźҩٹγնףϦ
СʦҲûˡ޽кѪ˿ܲҲ֪ûˣĬò̾˾䣺ҴӦʦỤСʦõġ
ұҵǳǷһսһطߣֻʣңΨһѪ
ңҲûˣһ
ݼ̾˿ج˺Ҳľˣջ󣬸ϵħħҲòŷ̶սˡ
ʦ֣зӣǾ罫ӡ˰ɡ޽ӣǸԵˣΪϷף벻ãط⣬ϱҪö˵
пܣҲ롣ϧطͷΨһп֪ӵ֮Դ˱տڲԡ
ҵ޾¸޹֮ɥڴˡ޽ۿ죬Ͼߣɲһˣðֱħȥ

 158 


ˣƴۡ
νۣԻҵ㲻㣬Իٽ㲻㣬ֻǧңս𡣡︧֮ŰǧϽǸԸۣ⳾ִУǹעһҲ㲻һԸ֡
»кԸ벻ԸԡһͣΪ֮𡣡
½أοóѪȾѳй⡣
ʦ֡޶ü˼ƣ⣬ְʱǶΪ޽繲Упɽ֮޶ҲԸܡ
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޶ˡûͷῪ˿ڣ⾲֮£һһҴȥ޹ʱ֮λУ⡣
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Ҳˣħ壬ǧУŬΣǺЩƣҲܵˡ
Щ£Ծģͳϰߣ֮
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ޱ߻֮һ˶ɲǹ⻪תɢЩƫҲָ·

ֹǽδȾѪħȴ·磬ʲѪݷħһҲΪȾ
ջ֮һϵЧӦǸս˵ħǶĿдħ۶λ
ֹȥķңһתħ޽ŵħһܿƵعڵء
ֹＫ䣬ȵǵħݻؾбΪ𣬳£̤ƾݻؾкѡ
㡭㡭ǰħζ᲻վֻܱſ࣬ı죬壬ǧħ壬Ǳ
ģҲñĿԡֹһЦһתӲѪ࣬Ϊǧ꣬δд
ģл񾳾ѹӳ֣ħǲʣҲֻܳϣȷʵͳħʵ
ο⣬ȷʵǺܴջ
żħ֧⣬Щħ壬Ҳɢв˭֪ħǺεǿᡣ
ֻߣ⣬ûһСϡƣγħ
Щ߽ħݻر㣬ȨƫҲħֹһء
겻Ļ񾳣ϹʱҲѳ㾪֮ţοϡ˽硣
һͳ֮㵱ᡭ干֣֮ջõ¥ֹ̽
ֹ˹ǣﲢЦ⣬𣺡ᣬǿʳˡ
ֲĽҲջˣ̤ƾֻ֮ʱѰջһƣѡ
ħ˳һҪģǽָ

 159 


ǰЯϮֹ
ڵӹϹŷ޷ʮһߴǽô⣬ס⣬ҲסڣΪ֮еҪһ
ҴΪ˴¡ֹдƿ֣ǧ˽֮ƿװģħѪ
ջ˵ٰһΣħѪܷǳ󣬿ѹ֮µħҲıر֮
ħѪġ֮ᡢȱһɡ
Եᡣʮһ򴽣ֹˣڲģΨ֮ᡣ
ǲͬ¾ɡֹһ٣ʵҲûͨʲôᣬôˣ׼һ
֮ᣬ֮ᣬֻϲ֮ᣬۣȡΪˣʮһ˷ɢµķҪ󣬲һ
ֿ֮ɣ˭֪Ҫʲôᡣ
ֻߡ
ҪģߣһΡԼˣͣ
鿲ᡣֹʶ˾䣬žԼֳˡ
ʮһЦΨһĵߣǧǰˡ
˷һţǧǧֹ̲Ъ
˵ĪҪĵĺá
Ϊʢ鿵ᡣ
Ҳؼһʱʮһ̾˿ˣкǡ
еġֹ򴽣ԾݱԶʱǺľĪԼǿôЩġ
鿣ʮһ̧
ǣΪѹʮ꣬ҳ뻯񣬲һùֹһ٣һ漰ݣܲԾأȥ⡣
㳣ڿУ֮˵ǲ̰ɡʮһһЦҲ޷ģֻҪ֮쿪벻졣
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⣬߲׷⳾תǧ꣬ǾȻˣѷʶǣҲǳʱֵԴȻ
⣬߲׷ֹظŴʮһĻüȻˣҲҪһԡ
Ǿ̤ƣֻذתҲ룬һԡ
ʲôη಻ںʱĵ׾зִΣȥʲôڵȥѰ١
Ϊ˴Ըһ᲻ƴֹۡԶĸ߷壬ǾڣֻҪڱܿǸ߷壬ʵٽ˲Żᷢңɼ
ϵĴѹ޽ӽڽڰˣת˲УǷִ֮֮ǰ޶˻
ʮһʧЦ⣬䣬Ļ½֣֮Уˤʱ֮ﻳˤ˿Ͼɽ룬ɫȻЩĥ
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ʮһ֮һ٣һһڡ
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ɻİİ
ֿֿ֮ʧ˽ģգ̸İ
֮ʧ˹ǶϿ룬ǻѪӿ⽣Ǵʮһĵһնϣγ˲аϵ
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ʮһģϱԵı
ҴϰӶδڼ壬ǽ޼նɱϾɱʮһѪδտЦЩЪ˹һʣҶ汱Σ
޶б̶̼꣬仯췭ظʱ׷Ľιʦִͬ࿹Ķס
ҪҹʮһһЦǸýŮֻħ档
ŮǸóƺɶħŮӣһֱ
һŮǸ룬Ǵ񼫡
޼ĳҪ޽磬ΪԼĿۡʮһ˸ּ佣ʮ
֮轣ǿǲܹȥ֪ơ⳾Ϊ˼
ħ屾ʳ˵ĴڣʱϹҶǰѹʮħ޽ܳӲһתħѹľơ
ʲô˭Ҳ˵壬ȷǣħھ⣬Ǿ飬ʧ˷嵱δ
Һθɣֻ֪޽ڿ£ȫʱȴֻȸϷŹʮһһȣʮֱǷȥܲ޽֧Žˤ³ǽ
޶˽ٳѵֵ񾳴ܵȫһΪܲˤ¡
ۼʮһʾǰ̤޶˵ıֱʮһǰȥǲܹȥ
СĴķϣҲɱ㡣ʮһһЦδƣȷʵȥɺܿ죬ǾסҶˡ
޶ЩȻһ䣬ģӳʱٴⲻˡ
ɻˣĵ·һҲᵲڴǰ
ҲǹȥġҲᡭ޶ȼıԴĴ󽫶ŵ޶˴ѪҪ˵򣬾ȴʬ̤ȥɡ
Իִ⳾շתȾ޶˷ֺ
ʮһһ٣ü仨Ҳһֻ֣ҪʲôֻҪ֮ġ

 160 


֮ǰǰеʿȥûоݵӰ
ֹԭ˿Ժҹ߿кϢ
ݱ鿵Ψںĵ֪м
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Ȥսڼ޽ײ֪٣ֹ򴽰꣬ĪģЩɡ
ʱûд¾ݲ᲻֪ٵģ£ʲôܴеǰ
طʮһޱ
طֹһʯʧĻеͬϹӡ
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ħ֮̾أȻҲҪһ޽ĵӡֹô˵תͷȴƬ̲ͣЪطԸ¸߽ħǰȥ̽ټ
˶Ϊ񡣡¥㱨ʱָֹһչֵʱأƲŰ˾䣺ʲô
ԣΪħ֪£ڣ̫أҲ㡣
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ΨһƵЩĶ֣Ҷ֡кβңֹЩһ봺ʮһ
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£Ρ
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ʹֹڴˣ֮ʹʹѳУȥ뾰ǷҲ̤ںηԭͬܣζ
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𡭡

 161 


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ͷһλ֣Ҳѵ֣أСĿֹӦţá

 162 


ݲϲ纮׹һСһֱǰУ⻪ҲܾݿƵģִ⻤Ȼ
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˵ĻҵߵڻУǲһģҲֻ̽ʵ˵֪꣬Ϊˣ⽣Ρ
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ϲ

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ԭʱľҲ¹µԭӷŵģ
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ҡϲ㡭ĪЩ״ΣΪ֮Իǵþݶŭϲ
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˵ģҡ

 164 


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пܣţʮһĪħ۵óԸҪֺ

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ĪԼôЩԤеģ;һμʦֺʦʦ̶룬վҪڵصġ
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ãü򷢸ɴ꣬ظһոյĻ漴Ǳ㻽ֹսֹսɱֹɱ

 166 


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᪸ǧչˣɱɱˣΨ绪һˣҪμǻһ
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й֮ԣֹӦȻһ󡣡
գգۣû뵽ֹôӦֹԣ᪾Լϣֻ޷ģ㱣һɡ
᪵֮Ĺ񲣬绪һ㲻͵͵ǽֹҵĵܵô
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ٹֹ˷䣬ûὣָ绪СƵĵ˵ͷæúúãˣٹ
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Ƕ˵ĿΪͬһ̤ƾ졣
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ԼµջǸ⣬ֵֹֻǲȥģ֮ͻĸı⣬̤Ƭ֡
Ũǰ·ĻԤŴ꽫߳ȥ·иҪ滪һֱ߳֡
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ŵط꣬滪һļС
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εºܣصΪȾΪǣҶڹ棬ϧֺϷʡ
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ݣ⣬նʮħǬΪ˼
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ˡ
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˵Υ֮ԣǧתҲһֻأܽƫѻصȥ
һϮȥû֪Ķͣסӡ

⣺ƪ


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̫ᣬҲĹֻţʦãҲöЩġ
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