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ժԷħŮʥܽдħż
ħϣҴҪƽΪǴõĻᣬǳΪħĳ񡣡
ħϣҼĲ£ƺӵһ൱õβͣԭҵʧ𾴵ħ£Ҳôɰβ𣿡
ħϣʲôʱӹأȥҿܾҪΪŮѡˡ
ܽĿصؿ۴⣬ȻԼֲܿƣͺпд¡
ħϣԶ
ܽһŤͷ̨һλ꣬΢΢ЦЦϸβõڿת˸ȦӦʡ
ܽŮʱ˵Ԩųħħػ˴ءȻǰϣҫ顪ķ籩ػƬñͷ­ܹȥ
ݱǩ ж   ħ
ؼ֣ǣܽ٣ħ  ǣ  ԤաŮĵ꡷
һ仰飺ħϣԶ
⣺ϿԸοʹ


1 ʯ
ϣ̱ʯ죬ɭ֡
ƽɭִլۡΧڣ̱ʯĹճԴʵϣƽҲɭ
ǴɭȡҩݡľġʳάݵѡԴһֻ۱һֻۡȵƽҲѡڽҹʱɭ֡
˶֪ҹɭֻһģ
ʱ̫ѾӰնȾٺɫ𽥰ɭڣŰŮӰһ
˿ӰҲΪʧĴ˵徫顣
ӵһͷӽɫŮŸװ̵۾ͬ̱ʯòΪĳӢŵİҲʮֶأ̬θý֮⣬仹һСԲĽǣ˵ӵһħѪͳ֤
ۡһ۾ͻϳƥѱĻŮ飬ϵŮĳŮܽ١С㡣
̧ͷɫڰ˵飬ٿһ㣬ǻϲʱġ
ƺĻһǣɳһּ䴩
ǵĿɭĹűܽСʱʼű;˯ǰ˲ҹꡢħ֮Ĺ£Ҫαɫ
ڼҹʱݷܽҲЩ𣬵һ뵽úۿܽսȭͷȥһϲķΪΣ
ȺС۸¹ȣķؽ˹űɲȿŹҹ
Ǻܿ˹űǰͷʱյٻҲѾɫתʾҹĻ١
ԼߵĹʯӶʼѳ룬Ҳ֪ʲôӲǾôɭֵĲɫȥľʯʬ壬ԽǽӽԽ˾ѹֺľ
𽥷˽ŲܽٶýطĶ󣬵˵Ժӣҡ
̤̤ǰ㵱Ӧ
ܽһһ·С̤ʯǰɢʯ顪ǱĴͲڣȻҲԵš
ʯڵĹЩܽٴӰȿڴȡһССĻɫʯܣָ˵壬˾ϸСĻ⡣
۵СҲǸҪ۲ƵħߣȻܽپֻǸ͸С͵ơ
żҲܺá
СĵѰʯȵ˵ȺСҲЩ£Ӧûȥڶ㡣
ܽڴϸϸһȦʲôҲûз֡
Ѿȫû̫ɫ򴽣Ȼˣ϶ҪϸңĿͶưܵʯݡ
ѵȥ˵ڶ㣿
ܽԥŲ˲ʯݣѾ˲ƣƺܳܵסûٳɣһɿ˶¥
ϣʯ¥ƺȴøһЩƺвٷ䣬ܽǰ볨ŵ䣬ƺĲҡֻ鼮Ѿõø޴ӱ֣ЩɢڵصĳЩƯľֲ
ҳĵذ˵Ľӡܽ۾һпܾȺһµģ
ûü˳ŽӡĺۼϸͻȻʾ˻
ܽһ㶣̻عͷ鿴ٷʲôΣգ
Ѿʮʧشʯ겻شתܽ١ʯ¥̽ܽѾԶǵĺ⡪Ⱥ۾
̱ܽͫʯŷɥȺ
˵ڹȥɭŲ͵ħޣЫʨʳӥȵȣħ˥ˣǿħҲʧȥӰֻЩ͵ħȺԽ׳
飬
ܽٵϴڣ̻Ӧýݵ̤ʯԾ˶㣬ƥԵİͷһۣȻ͵̤ʯϣȻıñ˺۵ʯݳܲסȻ
ش˸ǣȺ̰ĺ۾ʳ߼˶ѵʯ£ȴҲ·
齾˦βⲽܽٸǰܽٻûüƳȺȻǽ
ǰĲҿǽ廹ܽٵϴ˽ȥƶҵĴţİ°Ƶǰֵ
ЩԶûܹͷ׷׶ѣǾһϹͷˣܽ̾˿ʵûʲôȫС
ĻѸٴһ䣬Ŵţһȴǰ̯һ飬·˸ոջĶ
ܽٱǰߣ˵ʲô⣬ͷһ۲ⲽ飬С¸ߣҴ»вٷʯˣû϶ٽĴ
Ҳûʱԥˡ
顣ܽٳŰ߹ȥظԴŮֻǰһ·ˣԵģ𣿡
Ѿ𽥱ƽġ֨֨ܽûм꣬ĵع
ƯĴ۾ͣ˽ⲽͷ͵ش˸ǣԥܣͬһɫ磬ѸشӴһԾ£
ܽٽ̽ͷ¿ƽأ˻˿
ȻʱƻſȺĹ²һܽʶͷûע⵽ԼֲСİǱ̯鱾ϡ
ܼȺЮѪӿǰܽΪδҪ군ˣһ֮ңȺʮͻأͣ
γ˰ΧȺܽٵѪ⻢񣬵ȴηʲôٳٲҿ
ܽٵͷŷĳĻɵԲ󷨣Ⱥ
Сر任ͼŴȥɿֵһ˲䣬µѸ
ȺӦ֮ǰܽ͵ٴΰ֣ƽӴ鱾һ˲䣬ٴθ֡
ܽٳһ˲ͷ亹ʱΣˣͬʱҲԭء
һ˵Ⱥֻҹ֣ҲֻҪֵڶ̫Ǿͻǰʳصص׵Ķȥ
̫ȥһѰġ
ֹܽ۵ţ̲ס̾˿֪ûлԵСţԸǻǵøһ顣
ȻãҪ𣿡
ܽ͵ػͷȻ۾ȴסˣĴضһ£Է˵԰꣬Ҳŵ㣬ڲǺܷ͡
ܽӶԼЩֲ£ʿˮŬάƽȣ˵
Էƺ͵͵ЦһԳĹ죬ܽپȻʮֺ
ôظһ飬Ҫ𣿡
ֱܽѰֹڵİԷһ仰ȴ˵ҪôҾͰ󷨳ˡ
ȻѪŪϲ飬Ҳûа취顣أλС㣿


2 
Է˵ᣬܽף£²飬Ǹв
ܽٸҪͼּۻۣԷȴ·𿴴ͼûи᣺һ
һ£ܽټ̵ļʱһգͱ˾·һ˲ĴϢֻ֮ӲͷƤڣҪ
۾ҲŵǰȺȳ£һʧܽٿ˲ͻᱻȺû
ѡ
ǸСѣ
ԷǾʯܵĻ̫С
ȻⶫԼģܽûԼҲˣС飺ǸħߣСʯл𡯡
ðɡЭǾ˲ħߡʯл𡯡
ܽٹԹʣȻأ
Ҳ֪Ĵڽ̸ֻе㺦£ܹ΢Ľš
Ȼһ
ᷢʲôٰܽѡʯл𡱾ٵߣٳûжͼôͼ
Է˵͵͵Ц
ȼǴԻȺ޴󱲹Լôĵط
ֱܽӦ൱ǿƽִͣݵƽ֮£ŶԼʵȷźͺεĿ
ܽһᡰһÿ˯ǰϨͷ͵һ
ǰϰʧˣԷǹҪһĻһһ磬ʯлϸСĻӭͳȻǰ·ըһȱ˵ֱ̫ӵĹâУȺֵ֨ѽ
ȵ߻ظǰѾûȺӰӣͼҵĴų𿾺
ܽٴԭء
Ǹӵħ磬֪ʹħߣҲ̶ʹԪصĹ÷ʦûħ
ֱǴ˵У˼䡢ħʦصǸʱеĶòǸķʦ˰ɣ
ʵԷ͸ãŻ𣿡
ܽٿ֮ǰĶԸĻظ
ܽ˲Ǻѵס˶ӡ
ĬЩãܽٸС⣺㺦£öӶǻӶġ
ҿСš
Ц֮ǰҪʵһЩǸµСﰡ
ʵҲˣѾʮˣռҪŸһǰܾλˡλĪǿǰܽǵر졣
ˡ˲٣Ҿ㣬ڣһҪҵıˡ
ܽٵҪʲôꣿѪҪ
ԴĿֲĳӲŲӲһͷڣҪʲôأ
ֻҪһССæǱ飬뿪һʹ
ܽգգۣûһͷֻһǱ飬ֻ
ܽٺȻЩ֣ΪƺһˣΪͼҵ鶼ˣֻһ
ݵĳĬ֮ܽӲͷƤڣǸǳлңðһ𣿡
ǰֻܰ˵֪֣Ҳ֮ҵӦԵķ
ԸȤؿڣҪ֪ҵ֣
ܽٺȻöｻӵԼģ
æϣҵ˼ǣγƺȽϺʣͲء
ԷЦһ
ʼԷƺһֱЦֻθζ˵ϧôԽҡ
ħ
ܽľس룬ȷʵǵʲô˲õĴڡ
ȻȺħֻǴӵ
ħؿڣɫˣûؼˡ
ܽʶش𣺡ҵҵȵķ
ڳ
ܽû뵽֪
Ⱥ˵СҵϢǰҵĳ
ܽٴ򿪳룬ȻϲķװƴɵСܽԼ㻨Ǯ
ٴеĿĴﵽˣܽ˿
ħ˵Һְһæ
ʵæԼӦҲҵõģܽͽȻ죬ûѻ˵㼤ŭħͻȻ˸󵨵뷨
ǳлİܽһŵϵ鱾һĺˣԶƹŮĽýӴ̨¡ڰеˣڣѸٸӦ
ܽٷЩػͷһ۶¥Ĵ̨Һãûпʲô׷Ĺꡣ
˳·ɳ۶ͬһɫķ磬ǺܿӽլۡԼׯ԰͸ĵƹ⣬ܽ˿
˶
˶
ܽս͵صͷʲôûУֻСʯл𡱴Ӱ£ֽܽסˡ
Сߣ˵ϣ˵ģ
ħٴܽס˺ԭΪԷҪ鱾뿪ΪԼûƶڿô¡ҲΪǱ飬λǿħǲ
֪ǲǴܾܽû
СؿڣҺܱǸʵ޷ֱǲǸħ
һľ飬Ҳɵʱϱ״Ļѻ׵õ½⣬Ըλ㹻ħ
ħԷǱʶЦˣõЦΧܽٴ˸תǸ˼˵
ȻģϾҾ㣬ҪıҲȴҵɡħ
ܽ򴽣̫ȷǲкħٴ˵˯ǰûС
ħٴǿҺģڣҴʨӴ󿪿ˡ
ٰܽʲô
͡ħҲ๵˵
ܽٵı˴ڶԷЦУȻӦͲȤǻ۵Ҫ¶ı顣
ܽЩҡȷʵǸħŵӺλƵħ˺ҵļˣһΪҵͣұ֤ʮַʢζ
ԼħЦһһ΢ٴΰǱ͵ܽϣ˵ΣɱٰҶˡ
͵һ̾ϢܽٻǲԼ˴λħôôį
ͷⱾ飬ӵڵķƤ鼹϶û֣·ɫīˮȾ͵ġ
͸ŹŹ֡
ؽܽٲżҵķȥԶԶլۡƺŻѺ͵ƵǺ֣ҡ
ܽ١
ܽС㡪
𷢵ŮɳۣɫĳĻߣֻӦһˣ
Ѻ͵Ƽţӿ
ҹµķȻ˷÷·صһ̣̤Уҡ


3 ħĹƷ
ܽ˵Ĵӵ»صԼׯ԰Ĵǰſڣ΢ЦĸףЦݻʧˡ
ܽ٣Ҹոպڴ󺰴УλŮȻôҰĽк·ܽһķɫɫ뵽ܽٵòŴ
ͦΣЦºͣòһ˿׼ĹŮܿѾЩͣѿʱҲǸɫˣʹڣƺҲƫֻ˳ζûκ˥ϵɫ
һλŵˣܽٻſھŻ͵Ƶˣҷһ˿
ֻлȼյġžֱܽͦ˱Сĵ͵͵Ƴһۣ˵ң裬Բ𡭡
˺ˣȻͺˡӾվڷ˵ЦǺǵشԲֹеʣûʲô°ɣܽ٣
ܽٵĽŻûȥ·˴źƵ΢ЦɨһۣӾ֣˻ȥ
·ʣôңܽ٣ʲôȥˣ
ܽΪѵüͷ˵ʵĻӦû⣬
۰ûһĽͣѾϤĿԶس˹㣡
Ϲˮ˻·ϵѹһͷŲ·С¹ײǰһϰһͷܽٵĻ۴ޡ
·˱ײ˸ģӾʧɫŶװģ
Ѹǰһס˷ϸ֫ײϴŵı硣
ȣǶȥˣ·һʹʱҲԼϵЦݣֻԵмֽӲ
ȹˮתͷӣ裬ǽĴǷ̻ȺҰСӣ
Ŷ·˾ס˶ͷ˭ô׵˵ģ
װĹǹС㣬ִʹߣˣϾҪܽһȥμӽ⡭
ۿŻ·˹ǵĳƪ۾ҪʼˣѸǣȺҰ˵ȺȻһ㶼񣬵Ѫͳүǣҵķӽʯ
ΪȥҷŻģܹ
ɫ黨裬пɰСȸߵ۾Ůſ˫֣һܽٻ
·վֱ壬΢΢Ц⣺˵Ⱥ컹ԵСүǣתͷ۸ǼҵŮ
ӾֱӣɶҾ֪ȺҰСӲġ
·̾˿֪ȵĴǺ˭ѧˡ
ӾԼĺӣ·һɺӣȻⲻһŮӦģ١Ǹý㣬Ҳ㡣
ܽ¶˲˼΢ЦСĵشȰȡǸݸȣҰһˡ
ôöûΪʲôΣˣȻſǻһܽ٣һֽǸ
ܽٿĴŹϣæӶǷ׷׻صԼĸλϣŽסԼĸףְ֣ʯ￴ȺǿҪˡ
ӾɫһȺ̰ʳߡû˰ɺӣ
ܽ΢΢ҡͷǵģԼȺΧ鱨ֻ˵ܵúܿ죬ûб׷ϡ
˵꣬뵽սȺζٴΡࡱһ
·εЦһԴȥԷɣɵӡ
Ӿ˼鷿¶ǵɫ
ܽ˵һչ˺Լģ裬ȥְְɡ
Ҳﲻʲôæ·΢΢ҡͷ
ܽ¶΢ЦҪݲġ
·Цһ˲ֱɷ˵öԡ
ٴζܽٺúóԷת鷿ķȥ
·뿪֮ȱܽٵĸ첲ͦţҸСţ֮̾óˣ飡аС
ܽԼħԼֻԼڵѪ
ǿջЦõģлл㣬ȡܰҰʳͽȥϴ
ףȷǳ˴õһ·Сű˳

ϴ֮ܽٴλصԼķ䣬˰ɫĿ˯ۣɵĳ󣬿ϵʱ޺
ϰʳȺܺõڲϰһֻɵСӡ
̲ܽסЦЦ
ʳˣܽٻǵԼĳŵԼױ̨ĳ롪Ǳɫ龲
СذӳȡڵʳϣżϿڣ𾴵ħˣԼΪϽյ͡
ܺá
ħ
ܽٵȴһҲûмħнʳ˼ΪʳջĵӶ˼֣̽ʣħˣ𣿡
θڵĻ԰æģ
㿴Զ𣿡ħ͸żֹŹ֡
ûСܽãȻ죬Ҳû˵顣
ԣҪõͣΪҪʳֻҪӶѣħ۵Ц
ܽٵĶίؽһļйؿȥСѯʣôҿԳԵǸ𣿾һС顣
ɫ۾ϣʵǺ˾ܾ
ħ൱飺С
ܽʧصͷħ˵ҳ
˵鲻óԶ𣿡ܽһʣһ߰ħ˵ģһСŵ˺ɫϡ
ȵؿ渡СɵħһС˲ʧ
ܽǿŰĳ嶯̽ѯʣóħˣ
Ǳ߳ĬʱƺЩãܽٿĴŸոҧһСڣħ˵ٴ𣺡ڶҵļƷʲô
ȣܽЩǺѸһСϵٴηŵϣΪС飡
Ϊιè𣿡
ħرԹһ䣬ȴûֹܽټô
ܽٸħ˹һȱһСڵԷǴ󷢴ȱؿڣˣԳԵǷСˡ
ܽϸϵϲã¶Цлʴȣħˣ
ﰢ
ȹڣѸһѸݵֲʧŵٶ𵶲棬ɿطֽʳﲢͽԼ
ɽʳ֮ܽسһŵһߣŵز˲ǡ
ΪԹŮԳƵŮܷɿسԵСš
ܽٲĶ˽ΪħѾڿˣû뵽Ȼû뿪
ܽС飺졢췢̫顭
ŶħϳҲ˵ƽ㲢ôࣿ
ܽٳĬҲٶ١
ۼֿذѺ˦˴£֪ǲǴƺħ˿ߡ


4 ƻ
ǻ·ˡ
Ҳ˯ۣǸĸףֻ۾ЦݴżΣգܽ٣ܹһ£ΪʲôڷԶ𣿡
ȴǸ̽ͷǸ㣬ұץסˡ
ܽʿˮҡ
·һĵҡҡͷֱߵǰ˴ѵŲĽ֭ζ𣿻˵ҹһΣ
ƳܽٳĲ̣һСţһСܽ٣һȫȫ𣿡
ܽصͷ
ֻǸϲܵķѾͷˣȻĻѾ϶ˡ·ͷ۵̫ѨӶ˸ſڵŮͣȻعգգֻۣнһΡ
˹һƻɡ
ۣȷһǵؿܽ٣㣬㻹ܳԵ𣿡
ܽ¶Цû⣡
·˰ʳ˵ϣ˵ǰ棬ȻڴϳԣѴŪ࡭
ԶܵǮܽԶĻؽӹƻɵӣׯصŵİ𾴵Ļ·ˣһСĵġ
·ЦŵĶͷС
ѵãǾ׿ĸףһΥŮӻɣ
Ǹ׻еһ˵ţһһƻɣҸոտˣȺ𣿡
·΢΢üͷ˵ͷ
̱ʯڰϣı߾ظġزḻпɭÿ껹ܲҰƤëյ˵ôõһֲָһССӾġ
ݻ·˽⣬ܶಮķضԶûôġ
ˣҲûҪͻӾΪЩȺֻׯˣȺԶ֪Ⱥʲôԡ
ϣǲ䣬ӾҲںսλʿ⣬ҲҲʵػƬΣյˡ
ûϵġܽȵͷ׻ֹЩȺֻһӣӵսʿҪҹְˣĵĻǿ԰ŰЩ͹ȥ
ЦۣԣҲһµģ
ˣ¾ͽүȥİɣĵġ·Ҳ˴ϣһסʣȣң̻СүΪʲôͻ
ȵͷ򴽣ķͽ˵ܽٻ޸ǵĴ˹ɿˣ˵ŲأǾ͡
·üëܽٿһһ˿ŭȻȻºͣôܽ٣˹̹ҵ˹ɿүô
˹ɿˡķǷ̻λүǰݷãϣڽռʱ򣬸¼ҵĳһǰ档
Ǽҽ˵û᳤̻˹̹ҰĲ˵һҪǵ̻һ׺ϣǡ䴫ԣǼӵСɽһĽӣȺܶ˼һҪԣ

ܽգգ۾ҪϵĿ׻Ļ
Ļ·ЦЦ˵Ļýִ磬ܵŮӻȨ𣿡
ܽЦ˵ΪӢͼʵ̫ˡңҲƽȴƶƽ񣬴Ϊ˵λʿ
·΢΢ͷ˿һֽ̳ŮױСӵĻƭˣ΢Щ
СܽٿȣҴܲµΪʲôȵ̬ô΢
룬˹̹ӦǿǼֻŮǿ壬˹ɿүƺҵ֮ҼӵСоͷΣΪ¼ҵĳŮ׽ҲضѡӾͷκ̱ʯļ̳Ȩҡ
ȣǽһǮصġˡ
򴽣Ƶһѱסܽ٣ҲŲЩֻһҲ䲻Ͻ㣡ͷֱ˵ӱһͰͣ
ҲҪԶ̱ʯ죬ڽߣ
ۣܽٱı䶺ЦˣڴϹȦҺȳԵҲ࣬㽫ʵúҲܰι
СԹһ䣺ҲټŨɡ
Ц·עǣһ˿ο
·˳°˵췱̻үһԣҴӦԼ
Ȼһ̵ֱǣҪάŮºʹˣǡԲʶȤļһҲ֪ҵĹǸʲĺŮ
ܽٺȵգЦȴ˲𣺡ȥܽ٣Ĺ͡Ǽʶһ£ϣսĻӾŮĹ
ȵһǶԸȺûеĴ
·Цվ֣ˣ˯ˣطȥɣȡ
ʱﻹʣƻɣܽٺǻָ𣺡Ҹ͹ȥʣµġңȺҲġ
ȵ·˺ȹϷţܽǵĽŲԶȥŵͷƲôŵ˴ףǱ˳СĵشĻҳ
һУź֪Լġ
գգۣѺϣϵذһƻɣħϣϣƽҸոССʧ񡣡
ǿƻʧڴܽ˿ȻӦþǲ˰ɡ
ŽʣһƻɣŻӾŵƹ鷿ȥ
ţڴԴƣġ
ӾԼЩյԼСӡڿܽٵһ˲䣬һɨգվſ˫֣úӣôû˯ŶǸҵȥˣ
ƻǻ·ѵûʳҲÿκŮıرġȻÿҲǵø޷ĻӾһ㡣
øһ㡣
ٰܽƻɵݹȥЩĵʣҪʼ𣿡
Ӿһ߶ƻ޲ڣһšüͷǵģҿ㷢ֵ磬кܳʱ׼
κʲôһ𣿡ܽز˸׵ĵǡ
ӾЦһǵģʲô㡣һȺĹģƺҪˣɭĶǶʼǨˡ
ǲֹֹǽׯþܵضɱһЩһȵֻ꣬θ׳Ķ顣ȺķֳԶľȥҲûзر࣬ôᡭ
ܽٶԴҲûʲôð취ֻߣ΢ο䡣
żֳػص䣬ħ𣺡Ҫæ𣿡

仰ƺЩ졣


5 
ܽЩɣħˣҺ͸׵̸𣿡
á͵ʣֵŭ
Ҫ͵ħЦһ൱öܽС㡣
ܽʶԼȷԼ˿̵ıȷʵ̫ÿ̾˿⵱һ㿪˿ڣȺƺ׳ˣȥҲûرӣôͻȻ͡
Ǵžƴܺ˰ɡħĻЩġ
ܽپеЦʲô
㲻֪ȺķԶǵ󣬵ǲһеºҲ㹻ʳҲ޷󡣡ħԡ
ܽר־̲ס׷ʣԣ
ȥշѲ֡ħһ˵
ܽãȻ죬оһϲµؿ˺ڡ
ħȴ˵ƻɵķϣҾ͸ɡ
ÿȺݶڻʳﷱһĺȺԶֹǿЩǿƴڷء
ȺȻôߵǻ𣿡ܽʶڣܿ뵽ħȷʵһĶǻۣ΢Щħ޻Ѫ鶼·ö˻ȺӵгǻۣƺҲûпܡ
µʣΪʲôҪܣ
ԭħ˵ʲôշѣԷȴϵؽ˵͵ħ֮ʱܣȻȺɢܣֻҪܻģܱ֤Ⱥ
СȺСһǵĸ֪ɱöࡣ
ܽһ·ʲô˲鱨֣
ħζʦЩӦö׼ˣ֪ȥ᲻΢͸¶һǡҪ˵Լǿհɣ
Ϊҵľߣһ㹻˵ħ츳
ܽٶݵĳĬ֮ʣҪʲôıꣿ
ħ൱̹ϣҪҽ⿪ӡ֮ǰҲû
ܽû̻ش𣬲ɷϣոһ˲ĶŰϣǵÿ˶ԼΪʦӣϾħ˵Ľ죬ʦĴʦٲȻȹ廹
Ȼž衪ô׸ħףδʲôģ˵Ҳƭ˵ģ
ħûдߴھ͸𰸣㻹ʱǣҽ⼸ðҴϣҾҪʾ
ܽٴӦϴѣոձ۾͵һѺŽ˳
λħûģԼ˯
ڰܽ΢΢˶䣬Ž˫ֺʮǸ˯ɣ֮󡭡
֮Ҳʰһèѡ
ܽǵûаô仰ĺ˵ٴ˱ѣûã
ûǰһεЦôһľоסң

ڶ磬˹̹ҵλү׼ʱ˻¼ҵլۡ⣬·˽ӴǣϵЦһ˿ƽﲢû
ӾҲҪģ·ϷΪɰ鷿
·վǰ¶΢Цѣ˻ܽȥء
СĽغķ̸𣿿˵嶼ϲȥԵģ
ǺǣǸĺӡ·ڴЦԵȻǹϲĻֻһ㶼Ůġ
˹ɿһ˿ΣȻλܸܵһЩ΢΢ͷ񣺡ףǰһ£Է棬һЩŵġ
·˲ɫشǣСҲǰϷɲᱻ⸱װģԻ
·ζ˵ǾͺãϾҵܽҲһŮԷ桭Ҳ൱š
ׯ԰洫һ˻ͷ
һװܽڰıϣֱӲԽդһɱ
һƥɫС󣬽ţ㣬ȵң
ܽٶȣЩش˸ǣŸȻûܽپտ˹̹ҵֵǰֱͦ
һۿ˽ķһŤͷǿԼԴϵķ˹Ȼɫ
ܽ˹⣬һġеǹ˸ź⣬ͲǿЦġ
쿴һʵĽ͸¶ŷâ¶ɱЩмܲס
˹ɿһ˲ԥǰռƻ¶ϲЦݣܽ١
˹ɿүܽϼ򵥵˸һ̧ͷ˹ɿүЩͷ˲˵ӱûס¶һЦ⡣
˹ɿ˲Լˣ¶ʿЦݣôǳɡ
ɭΧûʲôΣյԷһܽС㣬ҡ
̲סյܽߣ˵˵öԣǵð㣬˭֪Űȫ
ܽٵЦһڴλүװ硣
ϰŻףֻ°ԵĿӣÿ󶼱ŹͼͲֻʮ֧
̲ܽסʣֻôֻܹץ𣿡
˹ɿүЦһ֧ݸܽ٣Ҳûа취ϾýӴļʸβǵοյҶӡ
ӺβҲ׻أӦúáܽ͹۵ص
˹ɿϵЦݽסһ˲˵ǵģԣֻкֲļʸҪҪ
˵Żʹšܽ٣ƺǸʸݸܽ١
û뵽һϲɱܵ鱻ѾһӻеóȻӽİƥ̺˦β˻ţֱӵͷҧȥ
飡ܽۼֹֿ˹ɿˡƥܵ˾ţȻ̧ǰֱҪԼƷڵԼߣ
˹ɿ˷һҽУЩŵĸүƴûԼûѧʱδ
ܽٵɴ۾ȻǼƻҪŻһµģʲôûЧǲҲ̫˵㣿
磡ˢذ
ȥȥˣķͼתͷȥׯ԰֣ƥܵͬӰ죬ҲԾԾԡ
ܽ̾˿顣
˸ǣһԾǰ̬ļƥ̼ӽƨɺˡ
ܽһһ˻һ߳رСź˹ɿ˵ľ룬һ߷в
˹ɿԽʱܽٴһ֣
˹ɿʶ˵ˣɫķ˿ǰ̵ͫηרעĪ⡣
ͣ£
ܽٵ͵غԾ޳Ĳһ˦Ǻݺݳƥһƣܾƥίطź
˹ɿ˻ĴУܽپӸµذ֧Ļʸû°ɣ


6 
ôһ˲䣬˹ɿȥӡ
ǰŮƺ谮òΣʮǿǸʸһμķֽߣýţҲ޷Խ蹵
յ㣬ȴֵ˽ǰƤʮֿŵ̾Ŷװ˹ɿү㿴ǱҰ̣ӡ
ܽε䴽ǣƳһۣȹԹԱ졣
ٴǰ˵Ǹʸ˹ɿϵľȣֽӹ˼ʸͷ˵ˡллܽϲδܡ
ܽٵĿûϹͣת˷ؿڣոôĶ⸽ӦòˣҲԶһ㡣
ˣ˳һ䣬ɭԣôϽ֮ʸˣҲ̵¡
˲ȥѪɫܡܣ
ȵСظЦЦǸòΪɭֻС֮ɣ
ŵЩͰ͵ؿڣҪҪȻǻȥɡ
ظ֤İɣŽͲ£
δ䣬Ͽմĳƿʶ̧ͷȺȸŷɹ
ԾȺӰ֣µСӰεظȥԭص˹ֵ̹ȴԵ˿ͷ
һʲô𣿡
ķʿŭһģ࣡
˹ɿҲɫλүͷܣȺܽʮ˾롣
Ȼڿ͵Ц̧ܽͷȺȴ͸ءħ˵ġСֺĸ֪Ϊԡ
ȺСһȲˡħ𣬡ˡ
Ǳ˿̾鱳ϵĲܽٽйԥջǰˡ
ؿһˣƺûħĻܽٲԥ˵ȣǻȥ֪ͨףȺҪˡ
˲ɫصɴ۾㡭
ѾֻԶԶƮȥ֪ͨӣ
˹ɿᵽ˿вζ˼ԼˣʣʲôȺ
֪Ҳ̱ʯ𣡡ȵɫǺܺÿϻˣһȥ
һȳׯ԰ķɳ۶ȥүҲ㷲ظȥ

һߣܽٲׯ߾ȥ
̱ʯȺʷƾãӾҲԼԸǵһ׷
ÿȺֵʱڣǾͻɭֺʹׯΧݶΧǽŻֵҹȺηηһǿѸٵȼݶ⣬ȼǽֹǵĿ
ȵȺȥǰ׼õ𣬷ֹӽɭ֡
һһЧ֪ΪʲôܾܽϰµģЩ
߽ǰ׵ĻǾְԼĸλϣܽٳĹ
ʱбȴЧķ
áʯл𡱵ȼľ乭׼ݶ˳ȥȼŻľƷȥ׼˲ݶϣݶܿð˻̣һȼ
ӵʿǴ㵵ؿżĵطΪ׵ǿ׳ۣȵϳˣܽС㣿
ܽſڣ壬Ⱥˣ
ʿһ˿ԥɫûȫľ飬ȺڰҲûȺӰӡ
ӳɫأֻԥһ˲𣡶죡
ŻӾδȺ±סƬҲͬŮ
ܿ촫ȥʿǷɿȼŻѣܽһԶԶͣ½ŲԶ
ֻһգ۵ĹԶĵƽƺѸٵرƽһ磬ܽϸŷȺ
ħ˵ûεȺģԶȥĿƺԶһжѾȺûһ֮ݲƳһжʳ
ӳεϣٶЩݶ죡
ʿѸٲݶ⣬»ǽøӿɿԶȺƽӺη֨ѽ˽ǽսʬ䵽ǽߡ
ȺԴԴϣƺҲ޷׿˷㣬Ƕ»ǽ˰ȫ֮⡣
Ա˿ǰԤʤʼˬʵشЦοɶ㣡ܽС㣡
ι͵Ⱥȥ˿϶ҺȾƵģڶҴ
ܽٻûзġ
ռȻȺǵǽû
ȺƺҪЩǿֿһ־սһһεؿʼܽսǰʱȺӦþҪˡ
ÿʼˡħ
ܽ͵һ飬Ⱥǿʼų𣡼ʮֻɵ棬Χս׹䣬һؾͷٳŴׯ࣬һпԳԵĶȥ
ˣ
ѣûǣ
ˣ
ܽٺһͣʶҪǰȥǣħʽԭأô
ܽʶش𣺡áɨȺڻǳء
ħʣȻأ
Ȼ
ȻŴȴȺȥĻȥȺȵͻ᳷ˣڿǰ죬ǾѾ޼ɵؿʼˣ
ܽãȻġʣҸô
ʲôҲˡħź˵ڹСѵһԺ֣ʵϣҲǸͨˡ
ûûоǵ
ܽٲʵ˴ǹģ˵Ҳû
ʱѾħ˵֣֪ǾʲôǴ˿̣ЩԴԴϵȺѾܸ̱ʯ֮֡
ڣлǰħѭѭգ˿̲е㴫˵ħӣЦ˵Ϊҵľܡӵǵ
תӣȺ׷װСӹһ١
㻹뱣ļˣҲǴħʦϯʿ
ҪϵЩ޹ڣиˣ͵ӵСһķ棬ħһ
ħЦڣѡˣҪܣǡΪҵľ
ܽٿӣִԷƺеظ˵
ǵùħܿ͸ģܻÿԾܾջ󣬾ͺñȴ˿̣һʼ֪Ĵ𰸡
ܽһѡ񣬳Ϊľ
Ӧʡ
ХķոͻƷߵ󱻿ϯ׻ԭŻǽȺȥȺˢһȻؽŵȥһͬЮƺƴԶ
ֻһգۣ֮ʧˡ
˵ĿɿڴУܽħĵЦ
֪˭૿ڣ⡢ǡ𣿡


7 
ܽٴվԭأħ𣿡
ħЦĺ
һߣׯ԰ſڣոȫװҪӾ𶯣Ťͷ˿紵ķ
·˽ŵǰôˣ
ԶɫԼİȫźţȻӾϵı鲢ûзԶɢķ磬üͷšһ

ҹĻ٣ҹԵøɾ·ԣõҲܿµ·
̱ʯ㳡ϵǵĸǾƱ죬ŻЦ
ǻȺ֮ʢ磬չɻӾ˶Բ룬һֱֵ
һδ̰СҰﺴǵǵʤɣҲԤףķգӾ߾еľƱʮֺһںȸɣ󽫱ӵչʾ
ǻᱻǳЦĴ³Ϊ̱ʯ죬Ӿʹ׽֤
Ŷ
ǻҲ׷׾˾Ʊ
Ŷ´Ҹж󸹱ķ̻ᵱ˹̹Цÿ۾žƱӾǰֻ֪̱ʯ췱ȴ֪ﻹѡ
ǶչҵɵǣҲ֪ܱܲסС
λү˹̹϶żΣҲŸ׳Ӿ˾Ʊ
λɵ˵үׯ԰˳ǻɾ·ѣǸȺӰӶûʲôΣա
¾Ͳ˵ˣӾЦ̫ˣúɣ
˵ţҪ뿪˹̹ϽǰһˣôûпܽС㣿
ǻڵԼıŮӾסԼٵЦ⣬˷˵һǿסЦ⣬˵ܽٱȺŻˣȻȥϢˡ
˹̹ɫЩźλүıȴԵЩ졣
֮ǰλСǰȥʾа㺦µӣ
˹̹֪ԼĶѾһ־ؿ˹ɿˣҼǵ֮ǰһϣ˹ɿˣܽСһЩȥɣĴǶõĸߵ
˹ɿ죬ǵͷ˵ˣá

ʱܽٵķǱ鹧ذڷڲϣһðСұһմˮʱˮаһ͹ӯĿ⣬ϵذںǰʿˮĹƷħˡ
ħЦһһͬ͡
ܽϵлʴȣ
ڲںȷһħϲС֮ŸԼһ鿾⣬۷һ̾
ó𣿡
ܽ۾Ҫһ𣿡
ħԥؾܾˡ
ѵʳ𣿡ܽЩɻ󣬡ҼǵϴҲûгСţֻС
֪ò˵СʵҲõ͵ġ
ǡħػش𣬡ֻĽ֭Ūࡣ
ܽ٣
ȷʵû뵽ɡ
ħٴηʩҪǸӣɫġ
ܽذѹʵϣȻʣˣħˣħ츳ǲǸλħʦѧϰ
ħЦ˭ʸָҵľߣ㿴Ӷħһ㶼˽⣬û취˭ѡôߣϵħΰɡ
ţûԪصģǱʲʹħֻܹͨԪؾ飬ȡνħ츳Ԫؾ鿴˳۵ĳ̶ȡ
ܽգգۣЩǵһ⣺Ҳ˵ħ˵𽥱Ԫؾ𣿡
ħЩįԪؾԽԽˡ
ܽգգۣʧζʲôƺӶԷĳı
ħ
ŰοħӲش⣬ЩǸո˵ˣ
ܽػش𣺡˵һ˵ħԭ
ܽúܺáħһ˵ħ󣬶ߵħ
ҼǵԪؾĺܽһҲζţħӵкͬžͿɼһߣٴεõ֤ܽپЩʵ
СѯʣѾӵй𣿡
ûСħ͸ЩѰİҲȤˡ
ǡôˣܽٺʣЩ˻Ҳǰοǵ³Ҳ΢һ㡣
ħ赭дؿڣˡ
ܽٺһ͡
̫ˣĶޡħ̾˿˶ˣеġԼ
ܽԥһ£ʣԼʲô
ʲôħƺ˼̾˿Һġ
ܽգգۣȴһųʣûˣ
ûˣһСħָʹܽϹȻôأֻһûнŵ飬ܲ׷ȥҳơ
ܽ٣
ͦлеġ
ǴԼɣħǲŷӦ
ܽٲ濾ĶӲһ˲̻ش𣺡ֻһ£һŬŬħˣҸŬЩʲôأ
ҪƿӡҪѰһЩԵƷ
ܽšüͷʲôǡԵƷ
ħٴη̾ϢħߣЩħԨԴͻմȾϢ
ܽٵ˵ͷСʯл𡯡
ħӱ﷢һЦܽεشۣðɣǵͼһ㡣
ħҲʲôħ߶Եģһ˵ԽԶԽпܱ
⵹Ǻܺ⣬Զʱ黹ߣħ߱ĿԸ
ֶһ㶼ܹܽԼ㻨ǮãȻſ
ܽһɽ˴£ǵڶ£ȻѾʮˣϣħҲѾϰˡ
˾ȻǻӾܽգգۣôˣְ֣
ӾԼСӣ˿ϰڷŷʽЩֵʳЦǵĴ󹦳ôԵû𣿡
ܽЦǳ⣬лĿӾ¡
ӾҲЦܽٶ£̽ѯʣˣܽ٣ӵ˵ʱһַ磬пʲô𣿡
ܽգգۣ￩һ£ʵôó˵ѣڼǰ
ûûУʲôû
ӾĿЩӣһ˲ΪѾʲôʲôû˵ԼĿڴЩյԼԴŶ˹̹̻ЩߵϣұģˣѵѾ𡭡
Ǹܽ٣Լȥһ𣿡
ܽЦõġ
߳˷䣬ӾϵЦ⣬ʣħˡ


8 Լ
ھĵûлӦӾĵصȴţΪħԸʱ򣬷
ܾòˣ¡
ΪӾѾܾûƺȫˣһϵصϥ£ħˣĴ߿
ӾͷǰһˣöԷƺڴ
ħĵؿڣΪѾ뿪ˡ
Ӿϻһ亹һԸ⸶κδۣҵļˣǶԴһ֪
ħЦһɵ㿨ΪѰģֻǸɺ϶ѣŮһ㶼㡣
ӾΪȻǵģҺ̳˷˵ò
˵ڣӾŷӦʱǿ˵òЩʱˡεɤӣ̽ѯʣܽٻǸӣӦðﲻʲôæʲôҪģҡ
ѾԼ
ħģƺûа·ϣӾĻǳȥҧҧڣˣħˣٸһλᣬһᡭ
ˡħòײŵõڵһаɣôϧ𣿡
ľλأӹɵŮ÷һУΪò𣿡
Ӿζһ£ܿͷ­Ը⣬ħˡұӦ£Ѿ͵ôõҸҵļ˰ȻôҼ̸Ҳκβġ
ħĬһ΢΢ҡͷ𣬿ϧ˵ô
뿪ɣ£ˡ֮顯Ѿˡȥڷ˵ҸɣҲûжÿɻˡ
Ӿ͵£ʶ֮ǰҽ˵ǿ׳ܻüʮꡭ
ħ֮Աǣһ˶ݣʮҲǵָһӼѣû档
ӾץץԴʣܽ١
ħЩͷˣѾҵľˡ
Ӿɫ𶯣ħ֪ܽĶ֪࣬ľֻһˣǰһȥ֮ǰֻһܹ˵ȥ鱾Ҳˡ
ܽٳħľߣȽϰȫ
ԵĻϣħΣյԶһ㡣
ӾüվܽȥϣӦҲҪˡ
һ䣺Ҷѯʣħˣ㸴𣿡
ݵĳĬ֮ħڣҸìָ߸ϵ飬ࡣ
ƽ±εɱ⣬ôһ˲䣬ӾǳܲסѹҪ¡
ˡħѡ
ӾϽ˲ͷ亹ܽƿţŰϣֵؿЩĸףôˣְ֣㿴Ǹձѵһ١
ȣ˵˵ӾЩԼĿˮǺ˵ûûɵѾͷһۣ̾˿ˣȻõˣҾͻȥˣ˯ɡ
õġܽٴſÿ˵·
ǲʱ򣬻ӾȻٴοڣܽ١
ţܽٹɵƫͷƺΪʲô츸Ե˷
ӾԴѣʱԺͰְԼΣҵĺӡ
ܽЦۣҲǡ
Ӿ뿪ܽٵķ󣬾ֱؽȥ˱ѾƣһӾղҡ
ƿ˽ȥһۿ˰еסһڵġԨĿס
ڻǶʯĻ彣ͷСĻƽ𳤹׷м䣬׶еߣ·ܹйâ
ħĿס
ʱǸ·ϵСӣ֮ʱħ˽ףħףҪҵƷ
׵ĸΪսս޲ʤĺʿ˾λ⣬ս֮ٻᴩˡ
Ĵĳָãſ׵ʱ֪ƣ룬ʹͬ飬ʱԼǱĳַ˵Ĺʱħͬһ
ӾǵԼһμħʱģǰһƬȺҹŨĺĺ뱩Űɱ⣬еĲʺͷߺޡ
Ҳ˶䡣
ʱħԨĹոܽٷħྶܹͥԼ𣿻˵ѧαװ
ζܷģ»ܼŭȥзʦоۼŸ̻Ĵǣ˵жԸħķ
취ܽ
ħ֮ǰʧżѾ̱ܳʯˣΪġ֮顱Ե
Ӿͷӣû𽥿ĽŲֱԷţγѰ͵վ
ʲôŶ㰡ˣǸ顭
·ſϣĿЩӣóѾķҵʹоˣȻҲڼͷϡ
Ӿ֪ƨɣ໡һҽ
·̲סڴЦߵӾߣһף¶˻ɫһǵ㴩׵ӡ
ŴѪġڵĿף߸Խׯ԰դҵǰҡԼǹˣӭȢˡ
ͷ˻Ӿļϣһ˫Ư۾ˮĿô䣬ȴôȡ
Ŷµ١ӾĿҲغŻ·˵֡
Ѿˡ·ɫһתִ˴΢΢ͻĸװģѾǸ귢ˣҸ㴩׵ʱ㶼㴩ϣ
ӾǺ飺ŬŬһܴϵģ
Ŷ·ĿɨͷĶѾͻˣô˯ͺͷ𣿡
ӾסԴ֪֪ˣ˯
·ЦЦ

ڷܽ٣ոְϷŽ⵽ħĿ飺ܷǸ˯ĵطҪѬ𣿡
Ȳѣֻܻܽ˸ط˳ħ˷鱨ħˣҸոմŮһᣬҲħ߳
ħ˵˵Ĺ˼ңѾټͨħˡ
¼ȻҲǹ壬ûʲôҲûʲôۣҲֻСʯлֵȼС⡣
ħȱȱӦһܺá
Լܱħ˷ֵܵܽգգۣʣôˣħˡ
ħЦһĳ˵ҲǸļһ
㣬Сô
ܽΪѵšüͷҴӳû뿪̱ʯ죬硭
ðɣǾͻ⣬̱ʯô
ܽٺԥػش𣺡ܺãħ£ΪĹ


9 
ħܾöûпڡ
ܽվڴڿȥׯ԰Ĵڻܿ㳡δɢȥȺǵ˻ѣҹɫŨػһʤ
̲ס¶Цп˵ħˣ֪һŽ̵˼ңʱҪɽ̻Աϴ
ǻ̵˻ὫӷŽҶԡͰУǽҶǻ۵һĳʫ˵ңԶĺͷսڻԡѪ
¼ҲʷƾõĹ壬Ҳûʲôϵ˵ûʱ͸²ǻʵ䷴ΪҴ͸
ħεЦЦǸһһļһ
Ҳô˵ġܽٸЦְ˵һԼҽףӴԺҾǵİ𾴣ͬʱҲҪ縺𱣻ǵΡ
Ҿûͦġ
ŮЦ͸żɵħĬ˺һſڣ
ܽٵЦݽϡ
Լǳصġ
ӽԺΪհҪǵһ̱ʯ챻յԨҲøΣǻؼҡ
ħ䵭ڼܽٵδǡ˵˭Ĺȥ
̲ܽסһССĲ²⣬˵ڡ
֡ܽٲ²ħҲһŲԶȺ˵ˣ˯ˡ
㲻˵컹һ;д˸˯ҪĶ
ֹܽôҲġ
졣ħ˵ȥȥ
ðɡܽʮźذħýԼ˱ѡ
쾭飬Ż˹̹ҵֵܣȺΪħľܽΪԼŻ˷ܵ˯ţʵûһͰȵر۾
ƽȣ˸͹˱֮⡣
ħ͵ЦһЩεؿڣʱˣȷʵðСǣ
ɤ£δصĴڴһ΢磬֮黶ش˸תףħĹķǣܽٵıǣӣڸůޱ֮¡

ڶһ磬ܽˬ˸˽յĴڣЩ벻Լûйشˡ
ЩѾſڣǵر˴ϣŮ˵ˣ㣬ҪȥҲȥ
ܽ¶Щյɫ
ƽ϶˵ʹӦˣǴħ˵ȥģȸţ϶̫㡣
һѽӴеذױ̨ǰ£װĽ㣬ͷɣѧµַ˵˹̹ҵҲμأһڻѽ
ܽ˼˹̹ҵλүҲȥĻǶһȵҲûʲôϵ
ǡһȥ
˵ţĿȴƳ˰ڷźĳ룬ħû顣
γŲܽΪСҲܴһװϯʽϣҲԴһ¡
һɫȹװɫ͵ţȹŵ壬Ϻ׺ƿߣԵøӹ
Ȱͷɷ£¶ʯĶ׹ûиܽñڷ׹顣
һУȿžеܽ٣̲סһ̲ס̾㣬Ǵ˵е㡭Ҳͨ㣬ٵ㹫
ܽЦŻͷסգǲ͵͵Լ㹫Ļ㲻ҲɵѾͷ
ɵЦһ¥ȥ׼ѽ㣡
ܽŰѺӳóħ̾һܲ
ʲôܽûħ뷨
ħûٻش
ٰܽħŽһСһ˶Ŀ
ħ̾һӦǾס
˵оڶѨղؽңܽǣԼ˽Ǯߵ˷䣬
ƽѾһ˲ļˡ
ѾȵСӣټܽٵģҲŵ΢ЦܽԼߡ
̣ܽǹŵɵСıáǿɲܴ³ؽź·
ܽ͸⿴ۡĹ㳡̱ʯĵضΣ˱ع̶̻֮⣬һЩнһЩϡ⡣
ᣬǰϣ֮һ̻ġ˵ڸؾٰᣬλİŮŻҪ֮ƫԶҲĺö
⻰൱̶Ϳ̻鲼ϣȫǽزת׬ȡ˿ɹ۵󣬵Ҳͬò롣
̱ʯƤëʳʯȵȣҲύɰ̻չȫ˵ƹϣǵҵ
仰˵žǷ̻ŬռĿɡ
̱ͣʯԺǰ̻ʱﵱ᳡ϾҲǳеģò˵ħˡ
ܽٸոǰվȻ˹̹ҵλүҲǿܽƺЩ㵣һ˿ޡ
˹ɿүƺЩֱӺףǰһʮʿ񣺡ɣܽС㣬졭
ĺѱһˬʵЦϣŶ˭ˣܳû뵽ܽСⳡǵģαôһˣƽǼһпеģֱӺ˵һҿΪƷģ
˹ɿүЩΣ˵˭ͷһ
ǰҵˣȻֻ֧Ĺ壬ҲǸоСᡱϣһ
һλĸߴ˳һïܵĺӣ͹˹
ܽŵһ񣺡ãо
Ҳ
¶˸ϵЦ⣬԰ԼĹݣԵڳ壬֣Ȼϲ˳ƺΪо
С㡣оҲʿ
ţܽת˹̹ҵλүҲͬһ񣺡ɰλү
˹̹ҵүɫԺÿЩ
оֻɨһۣûкǶԣĹǲ׺ƽкģССķ̻ᣬҲֵð
ܽ٣оɫش³СŮȻЩǱЩҲѶá
ֻǿϧ̫ˣֿսþλ¹壬˵ףҲûѪҺ
ô룬оȻ΢ЦˣܽС㣬ʲôеĶ𣿡
ܽ¶ǸЦݣֻǺһѣĵġ
оЦ˵ܽСҪȥ˰ɣôԶעЩ鱦ΣЩɶеġ
򵥵ĺ֮󣬰о뿪ͷ֣һģܾ۾ͷϣֻ԰ڵëȸ


10 
ܽЦûа·ϣȵ֣˵Ͼǹү
ȼ˼۾Է̲סЦ
֮ġڻСʱ򣬻ӾųΪ岻ã̲סЩү
ѧѡү˿̱˴ʻ㣬Ӿǵûֹÿÿŵ˵үЦֱĶƤ
˹̹ҵֵ֮ƣܽٵĺƣ˹ɿүЩǰһŵʣǸܽС㡭ҪһǶ˸䣬ҰһЩ
ٴУʮֵľûüǺͼ˹ɿŵСӣææؿˣǡû˼ǾǾܽٴúܶ࣡
С˵Ҳѧܡ
ȵɫȻЩӣǰСëͷС۾ؿĽ㣬İÿ껤յ±ǿ
˵ǲǵĺ
ܽͬͬС
̻ȻܱȣֻҪҲһĸ˼ңǮҲһ㶼ۣʲôҪϺõģλҲǡ
Ὺʼжʱ䣬˹ɿүƳüΣܽ뵱֪ҲУ΢΢¶Ц⣬ʣʲô˹ɿү
˹ɿү˲ҲգԴСʣܽС㣬һЩڹ巽顣
ʵһʼôģͻӾĳŮãܺã㲻УҲܴһЩ顣
ҪȥҪЩĴǣǵԼ¶ƽӡ
ȷʵҲûʲô˵ģֻʵ̫ͳܽʣ֪Щʲôأ
˹ɿүſڼİовЩƣʹ𣺡ܽСƺǸرԺҲӵСоλӵȼһģ
ȷ˸ۣҪôţﻹʲô尡
˹ɿץץͷҲûĲ̫⣺Ҿֵ֪ʲôطأ
ܽٵҲûЦǰ֪ʲô壬Щ϶ǽڼ·ŮӲġ
ܽ٣Ϊʷƾõľɹ壬ֻ꼻һֵ¹塣
Ȼÿڽ϶һЩ̼֡ʿݣЩ¹;ɹǲܱȵģ֪û˵һ仰¹󲻹
ķ죺˵ⲻ¹Ϊ岻õ𣿡
ܽ΢΢ͷֹ⣬Ԥʾ¹޷־á¼廹ãв룬в޵ع壬ֻԼ취Ѱάֹ档ķǺ͸е̼ͨ顣
˹ɿүʶֱͦš
ûذһۣǣ¹廹Ǿɹ壬ƽͨ鶼Ҫģ
˹ɿүʶؿܽһۣܽٵͷʾû˵ѣŲ䣺Ҳλǻᱻһȵоٺƽɻͻ޾壬޾屣ݣƽɻ飬µþֻƽ񡣡
˹ɿүͷֲãǶֻҹ塭
ɹмƽͨ飬¹ͨ飬԰ѪͳۡοͷΣٶֹһͱṫ֪ġƺ⣬һƺţƺţ㹻ָáܽƽͣЩ̷ḻĴУ¹ֻһʱƵƽ񡣡
ԼͱǼң㽫̳и׵Ӿλֻܱ޾塣Ϊҵĸ׻иоλҲܼ̳С
˹ɿ˵ɫһ±ЩÿͻȻ׹¼ŮϵȴΪʲôֻ׼ܽ١Сֻоλʹƽɻ飬µҲֻƽû壡
־ðգ¼ֲǼҲǹ壬ֻҪû⣬˭Ҹƽɻ鰡
˹ֱ̹쿪ǱųѪ׬Ҳ뷨˹ɿ˻Ǿöˡ
֪¼һ治̫ƽݲࡣ
Ϊ·ˡµ١·˹̳·˹оλ·˹ΪƽδǰŲʱΪƽĻӾɻ顣ΪˣӾðսսΪ壬Ȣ˻·ˡ
ҲˣǶܽٺȽĻ൱Ҳδ̵һҪѡ˼롣
˵ףȺһҲʲôʲôλûϵȺ˵㣡
ܽǹʲô˵λСүģС۸ʮǲǱˣҲ֪ʯôΣյĵط
ݵļνӴλүȻһүëǸǲ˵мɵ
Щĳı˹ֱ̹ʣ¼ȷʵ̼ѡǼֻŮŮܼ̳еӾλ
Է̻ĲֻҪ˹ϵδزܻǮɸС壬²УӾҲеý
ҪǣӾͷ˵İ²ܣ¼ҲټĺƽȽ׽Ĺ壬ԸƽͨĿ൱ߡ
ηôĿ࣬ǿ׼˹ɿүġ
˹̹ӳȻһ˼ΪԼҵĺ·ܽٿɲǱݣʱǰ·ϻóϦദأ̫鷳ˡ
׶ڵ˹ɿүǰ˹̹ƣĸˣ²˹̹ģԼϵԼˡ
˹ɿүıֹȻ룬죬ƺҪͼ䣬ֲ֪Ӻοڡ
û㣬Ҳûô໨ӣʱֻ˵¼ǽףܽСжôôã
үʲôζˣһʱûпڣҲ
ܽЦһҪʼˡ
˹ɿүŻعǿЦЦŶŶǾͿҵĺöɡ
̻ᵱȻǲֵǵĶóģˣıأҲû𡣵ó鱦ҲĴͬȿž
ЩܽٴеĿģħ߹Ƶں棬һװ΢ЦƷһ񣬰Լո˵Ļڶٹһ飬ȷӦûʲôʧԡ
·˵ʱɲоֹ˵֮նᣬֽԵɲǳԳԺȺô򵥣ÿλŮս
֮ĵ⽣ӰɲսϵĲɱ
ִӱȥĹŮȻᱻ𣬵ǼҪҪվסţҲԵùֿ̱
ܽټ򵥻һ£ԼĵһԷʮ⡣


11 Ů֮
ħ𣺡㵹Ǳи顣
ܽٱŵʶֱͦ˼ϵȿôˣ㣬Ҫȹ𣿡
ܽÿ̨ƷһΪ΢΢ҡҡͷͦÿģӦòϡ
ɻգգۣΪʲô
ûǹȹӣһ˼ǸȥЦܽεЦЦϾ˵ŮһȹӶܴΣ˵Ǵ˵ˡ
˵ͷ̲סԹһ䣺˷Ѱ
ܽΪȻص˵ͷƳһŵĽҺӣѾϰ˱ħ£յǣҲ֪ôӦ
ϣħ˲ΪӶ
ˣλСߣһƷʦôӣŮµƷܽɨһۣЩʧشۣһ룬ȻƯȻҪħƷ
ļۣһٸҡ
ֱӾǷ˰ɣһٸһ룡⼸Ҫһׯ԰ļǮˣ
ôȻֹһ˶˽ʦվ̨ϣһģ̨µ۷͡
⸱ģܽҲܲµŴ
ĵصȥȻȵֳճȵҪĳ̶Ժʦ֣ʾλ԰꣺̻ȻⶨۣΪ100ңȻΪг100ҵļֵ
ⲻһöǶʯ룬⻹һħߡ
ܽ۾һˣ
ʦӣֽŮ֮ᡯ˱һƷ⣬ܹߡͬŮһš
ܽɫԵЩŹ֣̲סСֹħ𣿡
ļ˵۾֪˭ûסһһЦ
Ȼ෴̶һ˲䣬Ѿ̧۵120ҡ
ħӦÿҪľˣɾͲôǮµĶˡ
ܽһ¡
֪ܽٲܽӻԹԵ˵ȥʱӦܹĳ־ϵӰ죬˶öµ߲øУ⡣
ܽپ㵵۾
ħ̾˿ѾȥƷˣźûʲôԵƷҵǾ԰һָһ԰޸ħߣȥĻֶõϡ
Ǻõϣǡ
Ⱥ˹̹ҵүҡͷЦ¥Ⱥȵǣôħߣֱԩͷ
˹ɿƺҵ˹ͬ⣬ʼ磺Ҹ˵кܶ˸ںֵֵãֻҪģΪνϣŻôǹ塭
ǼҲŲأȽͦš
ֻܽħһһ仰һ±ϣЩεɤӣҾáͦÿģ΢е
ȵţѾߵĳȥʮӲת̬ȣȣȷʵͦÿġ
λ˹̹үϴ˹ɿȷӦҲ˵СϸȷʵҲܶأҸո˺˵ʷƾõļĶʷƾõģǸֵǮģ԰ɣ
ܸܵϽͷͰ͵ؿڣԡԣҲܷܽСʣ
ܽŬԼı鲻ԵùħŲܣЦֻܽһЦԵø
ȻʱѾм۵150ңֳ˶ݵȴյܽٵźţǰһ߹ߣ160
ºܿˣزҲûʣ¼ߣԷ̽ؼһң161
˸ϣ162
ܽ΢΢üڣֱӺ200˼ӣǾͲҪˡ
Ƥ΢΢΢΢Ϲʾյֱĳ200ҵļ۸
¥µľ۵ڰղҲ˿̻ҵүͻ¼ҵĹСһͬȥˣ˲²⡪˹̹ҵүҪܽСĻġ
һ־200ңӶڱصá
Ϊһ룬ûҪﷱ̻ᣬûҪ
оȻôİܽپȵصɴ۾
ոյĻ˵ħģ200ҵļ۸Ҹ𣬳Ͳˣû뵽һۣȻû˸ˣ
Ŀ˹ѹ˵㣬𣿡
ܽٺҧ˶䣺Ǻö
һ˿⣺Ҿ֪㲻Ϊ˸ͨ뻨ôǮģ㻨ǮҿԽ㣡
ܽ΢ЦŸлã˹ɿ˶ʲôһ˼̽˵ܽС㣬ûҵĻҿҽʲôʱ򻹶Եġ
ʵҲԣ˹ɿ˾ԼӦøԷӡ
ܽһ£˹ɿүĿʾ˸лЦȻϵĽҲֻҪһ㶨ʣµǮ̻ȻȥǼֵġ
ȻҪЯôңҲ̫ˡ
˹ɿһ˼ˣǹβƸǷ̻ӵо˵ĲƸҲִ
˹ɿһһ˿ۡ
ܽٲ仯һۣ״ƲؿڣҲ˵вٹ壬Ƿ˲ծе̻ᶼ̫ùˡ
̻ԽԽԺҲҪСĺ͹Ľװ
˹ɿһ㶣Ҳ˵ЦȻҲѡģϾҲȫ¼سŵĹ塣
˫ձǢ˲٣̽ѯʣܽС㣬˵Ҷвħߣ
ǶǰˡƲƲ죬ħˣӵħ츳ԽԽ٣ħҲûƣȻɾӡ
ǰСҲкüħߣڴ󲿷ֺöھɹˡ
ǿʲôöС˹ɿŬԼı鲻ԵĽڸǲס
ķץץԴϾǰϣȺˣǵĳ͡
ܽգգۣ˵󣬻һȺ˺;ɹҲ¡
ȷӦ㣬˵Ƿʦˣ
ܽٵ˵ͷ
ħ֮ԭٵķʦԽԽȴ΢෴Ϊϡ٣һʦӱ֮ӶԴڣ̶ȿȷʵ;ɹ岻¡
ֻҪڰϣǣ¾ûûʦĴ˹ɿգգۣҼǵ嶼رĴʦɣǺر׽ĳЩԪأңʦֻйܽ𣿡
ǰȷʵģܽٴӸһЩµϢ
ϣɵĹȣдССʮͬĽ̻ᣬǻƽѡӣԼķʦ
ΪǣЩҲҪӵԼķʦҲǷʦǴǰ㹻ķʦˣڡ˵һķʦȻֵֻûճ
ܽѹһذը˵ƺƽ񿪷ŷʦ


12 ֮
λүס˺ʱڱ˴пĹ⡣
˹ɿүһӦɤӣҪװ°˵Щүûʦƽ񡭡
ʺ٣Ͼһ츳ǡܽ΢΢ЦܳΪʦɹҲɡռ֮λҲգҲð
˹ɿͷдŸмףǳлЩ
ֻܽ΢Ц
ǵȻǸҪ鱨ܽٹƹڷռϾͻṫϢҲֻ֪ѡ
ȻûҵħҪƷջһ޸õħߣ˹̹ҵĹϵӦûջ
˹̹ҵүոջصׯ԰ܽٻûվȾѾסֱۣ۾ʣ㣬ڿ˵˰ɣǸ뵽ʲô˲ã
ܽһ㶣ڿոô˵Ӿ̨ϻж˻⣬ɵغ͸״к
ӾһؿŮȻɤӣװģ˵Ӱ̻һֵƵ룿
¿ɺãֹҪ˵øĸҲ˵ˡ
ܽͷת˵ͷǵģףҾƯҺмĳ
Ӿص˵ͷŶ˵пи˲ĳ˵ĳЩɸĹ£
ֻܽӲͷƤͷ
Ӿ¶˲˼ЦݣǸܽ١ܲܰǸøңҸողҡȥôʲôΣһϲģ
Ȳһ죺ְ֣뻹Ǹħأ
ܽٲ䣺߱áš
ӾԼСӣҲħֻҪƷϵıʯ󣬶ֹЧ𣿡
⵹ǲܷ
Ц˳㵱ʱҲ˵˲ͬĻ
ҪֲõħߣҸģӾٺһЦܹٷְħߣ൱ʵãǸ㻻룬ôǿɲǼٸҾŪģ
ܽһԥǵͷ
Ӿ¶ϲЦݣǼ͵ؿڣôҾǰ͵ȥˣǸħߣһҾǰӵ̧
ң
ŵĶϵصıܽٺȻһֲԤС
Ӿûͣһ¥ȥһܽ٣ǾҪȥˣÿһ´Щ
ܽĿصؿ۵ҵķܾø׸ոеĶӵζ
ȻûãܽڷǺź̧ľ޴ܡ
ܽٵıЩͣ׼۽ȶ¶˸ӵɫĽļ̾˿뿪䡣
ֻʣܽٺ޶ܴ۵Сۡ
ȡħʱ𣬡ҾȰҴӺȡ
ܽŷӦԼĽҺӣѸںϵĽҶɨôϣĿڣħˣ𣿡
Сħƶػش
ܽپ㵵صɴ۾û뵽õĴ𰸡
ħ˵غţ԰ҷŵǿϡ
ܽ
޶֮¸ַܽپȵط֣ȻܿԭɬѶķˣǺԪع֣ͨµ˼ǡƯķ羫飬ս֮׸顣
ܽٻ˼ʲô˼ɫ鱻ƿҳչҳ죬ٵһҳҳȥҳϵĺɫȥڰƺҪ¶Ρ
ܽٵĿȥ˺ɫϣԭǺɫģȥŨصĺɫ֮дʲô
յĺڵѻչֱܽٵ۾ܽʶۣ֮еʹĲûе͵͵ƿƤ͵һۣѻýצ顣
΢΢죬ȻħʲôҿɵѾͷС۾Ϲ
̧ܽۿ컨壬ʵͽʣܵͷķҲˣܿ𣿡
ԡħչ˸ʵĵطţõؿڣ֮飬š֣ݣпܻʾҲпܡΪð񷣡
ܽӣڨڨڣ֮ǰʯʱ̯ġ
ħЦһʱҸûʾ֣֮Ҫĵ㡣Ҳʱ򣬱򿪡
ܽٹɵͷЩϲؿڣڿ߶𣿡
ħػش𣺡Ҳ뿪ⶫ̫áֻҪסڵʱ棬ҳ¶òҲڡ
һ˵һʲôΣնҲڵĻԷҳд֣ܽյ
ܽͷʵҪ뿪𣿡
ħЦһҪ¿ɶأСȥǰһġ
ԴȻſ˫ֱֱ׹䣬ܽٽŵ̽
ɫѻǲӲųֱ׹䣬ھҪײϵ˲䣬īˮˮοѻźСèȵèأϵĺҲ
ֻһͲ֪ʧƬ
ħʧܽٵܽٲջĿ⡣
֮ǰΪѻħı壬λƺܱκҪӡ
ļ죬ܽٴζħıµʶ
ǰĳڼŮܽҪȥɲһ򵥵£ҪźÿһճеĴ䣬гϯҪ
ܽľżһվڷУľȻؿŮǰһһλŮ̽ɫϵñٵͷһλκѡʵĶߡ
·۴һ£΢΢ͷһǹأṴ̊ѶһԴ̸ϡ
ܽٿ˸ںһ˫ֵ¼ܵã죬¶һı飬ܿ챻·°Ͱת˻ȥ
ܽٺһñϺȻһֻɫ֩룬Ӧ֮ǰħ𣺡׼һ
ܽ΢΢ͷߺȻըŮ͵ľУǶñתŷ죬ŮǹһţŵѰҳֵĹҪɱСС档
̧ܽͷſеñһ̧־׼ؽס˿ñܣЦˣûˣѾ뿪ˡ
·˲ͬҡҡͷܽ٣ʵʾҲŮı޿Ρ
磬ܽڻѡϰڵĻ䣬Ȼ޵õſһͬһĺɫë档
ܽٵֶ˶٣ħЩźؿڣһΪеġ
ܽЩſڣѵŻ𣿡
ħЦһ뿴ħ𣿡
ܽٻͷһۣ԰ԶӦûܿü˵ͷ뿴
ëɼ룬Ȼһ¡
ܽס˺ɫļ뱻һȱڣһֻڵŻ˫ᣬ˼ɡĺɫᷴ׹⣬˻н޵Ļ䣬Χܽ衣
ܽĿźڵָںָ֮ǰԶԶȵĺ㡪
ɫĵȻʧ
ܾܽħκεطȥú̲סͣסŲһ䣺ħˣ𣿡
ûлӦ뿪ûע⵽úһúĻһ£죺ⶼܱ֡


13 
ת۾͵֮
ӾԵñӸˣԭ̱ʯ뿪ڼ䱻ȺɧţԴϴɭֱԵȫʤԺȺʳƺ֪иӲͷҲû
̱ʯҲڴա
ܽ٣ҪˣӾʰ׵վׯ԰ſڣֺǺǵسܽٵĴڻ֡
·΢Цø첲һ£еģҪ뿪˲ŷ˶鷳ء
ӾٺЦͷõģǾͲܽ٣
ܽεؿǣǹĥĥģҪĶ׼ãеװҲѾʰ׵ֻǡ
ħûл
ܽٿǱ¶֮飬ΪѵššüͷھҪҪⱾ顣
һҳһҳĦȥϸҳȷԼҵ˵ҳû¶ķ
ͻȻ֮ǰûħΪʲôֻеҳԷħ˵֮ϼحح֣ѵҳλƢرãߺħˣ
ܽӺ˼룬һ֮ĵҳ
˫ۣСĵĦһ·ҳȷϷûзκ֮ƿƤ׵ҳֻһ֡ά
ûҲû񷣣Ȿһͨһƽϣܽͷѵħƭˣֻڱ˸ѻŻ
ǵħ˵ԸƺҲǲܡ
ܽٻûзҳĬ֡ά΢磬ƺ˷羫ĻЦ
ܽٺػһȦԴӳΪħľԺܸ֪ΧԪؾĴڣôˣƺͷһء
õԪؾ黷ţܽд£ħϣܱǸǼҪˣ𣿡
дŰѱʷ£ͷҳϵ𽥵ʧһʧˡ
ëѻǰһܽٻعͷħ˶ɫëȻĴǱ鰡
ܽ˿ħ֮ȵҳȫɫȾٰܽŽʱһ¥ȥһߵʣǵģֻ˵ҳ
šħӦһûڵ˼
ٰܽ಻סĵĺ棬̲סʣħˣҳλ飿k𣿻Ƣܺã
ħЦٺƢ飬˿ҲзӦġӵĺ壬֪ححܶ£൱Ľݡ
ܽ¾ø֣߳ۡĴǰһ䣺λ顭
ǰǵȴļˣܽû취׷ʣ˺һħһȻʲôӦûУȻˡ
ܽٵɫЩ𾪣ܿԼŹֵɫ
λŮͬһڣӾͺŵķ̻˸кԼ˶ǰС
ŻܽٵߣԴᶥųŽһ档ܽЦôӦ뿪ԹԸ˳ߡ
ƵĳӸߴҲŶȺ
ʱ˭Ҳû뵽ķ籩𽥿ƫԶ߳ĹŮʷʫĥ֡

º󣬰ϣ˳Ϊƽ֮ǡУһȸƵ׳ţ׵ʿճһ˿ؼԼĸλ
Զһſ׵ʿźƺƵĳӡ
лʿڴšһųģǹǴ̶̻ӣѳٽû
ܽڳÿ˳شĳȰ°;͸ļϣһøߵĴţ
ȣ̱ʯȷʵ˲١
ܽСֹǣôߵĴҲûôɣߴò
·ʱ˱Ů֪øһ㣬΢ЦſȴţڻûʲôˣڹȥȴŰϣɰݵľ񡣡
Ů񣬻·ڴЦҲûӣ˵ƽ֮ǣΪԶĿ˳ţǾˡ
̾ȥˡô߰
ܽɫһĿȻԼӡ
ħƺܲ׽ߣƺǾµ·ʮģһֱһû˯ѵģôţֻͨδľ˰ɡ
ʹǵɰݵİϣǣҲֻº͵ķֶѣԴޱƻ˵ľˣҲܻӭ
̲ܽס̽ͷľ˻߰Ǹʲôء
ܽûлͷһӰԴȥһѽסŭش󺰣˭
ǰеĻӾ̵תͷǸӰǸһˣһƥڵƥ
ƺһ׵һ£ܿͷÿһŸʦأ
Ӿող˵ҵŮ㻹ûеǸλʦ¡
һ£ƺԷ壬ڶԷôԼǸʦӦָʹˣʹҲûһҪǸ˼Ȼ֪ҵݣӦôǰÿŮһԴ
·ִĻŮеӾ᲻Էͻ³֮ǰԷĻȻֱɫ
ܽٿԷϵ΢Ц̲ס˸սҴҿڣ裬û¡
ܽ٣ȣһ³·΢ЦŤͷҲѧϰģʱҪôάϡ
·˳Цӯӯؿڣѽ˳Ծԭ˲ķʦ£һΪҰء
ҪŭһЩر𣺡Ħ棬ʲôˣ
Ħ桱ɫһ˲Ļ֣̿ܿӲͷƤش𣺡ûʲôʥӸ£һȺ۵ҪƭЩǮѡ
˵ţӿڴͳһңһмӵ˻Ӿǰ߰ɣһȺļһôǮŮ˰ɣ
ٶ˲ȼ˻Ӿŭŭһ
̽һӵݹȥӾӣһĽһ£Ŀס˶ԷôǮ𣿸£ҪҾ𣿡
ĦحµɲؿǰòʿԷǹɳɱŲڡ
ȻӦսʿľԸʹڲİϣǣҲǱٷϿɵս
ܽٿĸһۣ·վԭأûлͷȺ𽥽ӽǣĿҼᶨܽ٣ǣκһ˶пܱǸ󡣡
ҪԼȡ
ʹ˺ܶ꣬ܽȻ仰Ծɹʱʱǡʱ


14 ͻ
ӾѾȡġƽºͿģͬһ۾ܿЩӲ֮ͬ䲫ɱʿ
ĦЩڣĹǿûôֱֱģƫԶҰʿֱǸĺˣ
û˵ӦսҲû˵Ӧһʱô
ֱǸر˽ǰĦ棬Ҫ£㲻խô졣
崺磬ܽһʲôһСС罫ϵؽ𣬵ݵǰ
ϵħ
ܽһ£ǵһμʹõķϵħ̲ס΢΢ͷλʥӡӵһ൱ɫĶ̷ɫǳһ˫Ưıɫ۾
ʼзӦ֮ܽٷΧûоۼٷ羫飬ʹ˷ϵķϵ׺Ͷƺô
ۣܽƺĳϤԪظ׽
Ϊħľ֮ܽٷԼƺܿԷħ츳ˣƫԶ̱ʯӦҲ൱صԺ˵շѰϣ˼ҿӵ츳
ܽٲس̱ʯ촴յķ֧ʦѧѵļͥӦҲںһССļѰɣ
ԹԵ񣬸ûע⵽ֻһ˲˲ضſʥӿ
ȡ·ɤӣܽٵ˼˻
͡ʥһͷɫ޶ĿŮԽЦȻġ
ɯС˵ûȺӣĦƺһҵ֧ͦԼ⣬ŦʥӴˣɲܱȺһƭǸ
졣Ϊɯ׵ŮͷɨһĦ棬ҲǸԴӶѣǺΪһ̸
ܽע⵽ĸ׵ɫһ˲Ľλ޶˵С㣬ԶûĦôݡ
·˵˵֮һĿĵҵС㣬Һ˵ġ
ڽ֮ǰ·˸ܽٺȶڵֲоɹĶ壬ӵɽĿĵ塢С̻鲼ȫİ塢ƹũҵӵϣ֡ĸ˹塣
λɯסĵС㣬ǿĵĵϵŮͬʱһλɫķʦŰϣҫĶˣ˵ǰѾ͹ĶӶ˻Լ
벻Ĵ
ܽŬԼԵóü
ɯСɨĦһۣùͽս򲻹͹ԹԵǸﱻƽ񿴺һΧۣҿɲ롣
ʥε̾˿ɯС㡭
ʹʥӣɯҲôӣôǻûнôٽ𣿡
ʥӴ΢΢ҡͷֻ֪äĿ˲ȡĦ£ƺ̶ڽӽǸɡ
ܽΪλĦϾǸʦҲǸ߹Ĺ壬ʥӿԺ󣬾ŭŤǴӺＷ˶϶ĵǸǡǳǸ
ӾûɱĵǸŵܽһۣܽǰһΪֹɣףûˡ
Ӿһתͷó˵·
Ħһ̶ĵطݺݼһǣƥ˻ŷɱȥһ̾ͲӰӡ
ɯЦһԵļһһײǲ˲Ż֪ѵ
ʥ̾˿ԴǸؿܽǣǸλܾˣԶμӷռĿ𣿡
Ӿǰк̱ʯĻһҡ
ɯһȱȱģʥӵòкǻ̵ʥŦ򡣡
ܱǸִ񣬻ûȥʦûа취ͼλġԶĿ ӭƽ֮ǡ
ǲ֮ǰɯ׻عͷܽһۣϣӸµؿι
̧ܽͷڽ𣿡
ɯ̧̧°ͱʾȷϣģ㿴ܻ鷳ҵһ䣬ɲһӾܵƫԶ£ñԼԸ˵ˡ
ܽЩû˼΢΢ͷлҸ棬ɯС㡣
ߣɯûٻشԽǣųŷɱȥſڿֵǻŻŵصͷ
ʥ¶ǸЦݣҲǡ
һվԭأȵڲһֹһ䣺ⶼʲô°
ӾšüͷŮǰûûεЦЦûµģѾͷǣҲ£ǻص̱ʯ죬Щүǿɾû취ˣ
˻֣ôҶصϣԼٴλصǰ棬ųǰ
ſڵӳԵЩӣڰϣʿƺЩ羴ӵĻӾֶڵķеϧ
ӾûæŰųţڵĿһׯ԰㹻ЩԱѾܾûлˣ´㷿䶼Ҫһ
סׯ԰֮Ůֶ뱼ңǰϢӴɨŻҲҴҸ˳һ³ߣȻ󽻴ǰȥгʡ
ǰ˶æµܽԳ˿ŤͷȣȻǵһطŴϤӣܾúڼҲûʲô𡣡
ΪȻص˵ͷЦż۾ͽм˵ĵطмҵζ
վſЦǰ·ʿŮǺؿȥһ˿ޡ
¼Ҳ֪ţһǷʦĦڳſںһС巢˳ͻ˼ҵǸ
ڶǿŵׯ԰˵Ǽи൱ɫŮ

ҹܽԼ·ĴϹһȦϻϤζ˺ܰġ
ħ֮лΣɫèĴͷû˵ܽپһŵһ£ħˣ
ħԵؿ
ܽٻһھѾˣ죬ӲͷƤС˵ë𣿡
ħ
ܽ١¡
ǡܽʵڴϣħͷ˵
ħ壬һֽý̬߸צӶܽٵĶͷݺһƣͷһЩ糺èӡڴϡ
ǲ̫ˣСţҵľĴҲҵ
ǵģħˡܽٹɵشӦ
ħֺڴȦѡ˸ʵķʽβ˻ΣǼʦ㿴ʲô𣿡
ܽʵش𣺡Ǻûر׽ԪصģλʥϵԪغܻӣв٣ǿƺǡ⣿
ħüëȻϳ˷Ԫ֮ģǸԵС
ǸʥȫԷʦƢСǻϵ츳۵Ǹǿܹ֪ϵԪصĴڡħؿڣԪҸ֣ܿԪأ㱾ôһԪص֡
ܽپȵصɴ۾
ħҲһ㣬ûңķʦܼܲ˵ء


15 
ܽȫûԼӵзʦ츳
Ҳ;һ˲䣬ЦƵ˵ûħˣҲһлᱻʦѡء
èƵͫʶسĬ
ܽٵЦݻʧЩӲؿѯʣǡǸħˣһӦÿľ߰ɣ
Ȼ
ܽٻûüһ˵һֻӵмɫķϵħ츳һĹϵħ츳ѣҲûʲô䶯ʦѡ
ܽٵЦݽϡ
ħ˦˦βͣ㿴̫ġ
ܽɫʹҿֻǲ̫𣿡
ħԼĴǣðɣ㿴ǳˡ
˵㣬ʱ˲Ĺ壬츳ķʦǰȻʧɫҵľȻᱻС
ܽŬǣԼԵòôüûʲôͷķħˣ
ħֵؿ㲻עĿ
ܽץץԼͷСص˵ͷ
ħĬһסܽ٣ԲĽɫͫ׺رһߣܽԼ˵Ĵ
ҲˣǸϲ鷳СħĿ⣬ɤ˵ҵа취ýֲ̻ᷢǡĺ𣿡
Ǹ㸸ǸССӾͷʲôãŵĳحǹҲս޲ʤоɹ塢ɽķʦ
Ҫļˣҫǿز١
ܽһ£·صȺųߵ죬ħջΪľߣҲĵ뷨
ܽβô򵥾ͱ˵СǣҲûôΣհɡ
һ˵ҲǰɡħЦܽ٣ǸԴţ߶࿴һ۶鷳һ
ܽٴûп
Ǹ۵ĴѾ˺ݻˣҪÿħٴ׳һնԸļһǷʦͱʰˡ
֪ڷʦжϡȱ˵Ϲ̻һЩɹҲûа취
츳ɱõö࣬һչ¶츳֣ȿֺæġ
ܽСֹһ䣺ʵֻҪҵ鷳㲻Ҳûϵ
Ҳ鷳ҵӵСԼô鷳
ħõػ˻β͡
ǡ̧ܽͷħˣôҽ뷨ʦΪҪĶ𣿡
ħβͣס˰ڶЦ㷢ˡ
ȷʵʦӦϣӵħߵĵطˣҪʣֽ֮ǰһû
Ȼܽٵ˵ͷһԼҪ󣬡һᾡģȵֽ֮ʱᱣҵļ𣿡
ȻħЦɫèдЦ⣬ˣһ㹻˵
ԼС
̧ܽͷһ۴⣬ҹȻŵƻ𣬾Ҳѷɫ⿴ͺȹҹһװ꣬һҲʲôԤѡ
ܽ¶˾ģħˣҪıʲôҶͬıˡ
޷⣬Ҳûȫˣϣܰһжҡ
ħûлش
һһè˽֣ħ̾˿ɵӣһԾڴ̨ϣһ԰鶼㣬ŻġҲôżһжü
ȸһɡܽͷλħϲܣе֡ԨԴ
ţ֪ܽʵ޶⣬Ҳûа취ȫ̰
ܽһֵĸоܾħһһֶĻΣħ츳͸Сĳֲ
ħЩΣðɣǾ͸㡭ֵʲôɡ
׹䡣
ܽٴ˴Ժʫ˸ȻЩٶ۵գգۣ˵֮ϵġ
ӦҲˣħˡħָֻȻǲ֪ΪԪؾʧֻʧȥʹħ츳
ʵֻ࣬һ弸Ȼ츳Ҳ˥ǰ˵ĹմഫûôˣҲ˥
֪ʱԴͨ磬𣿡
֪ܽ΢΢ͷ˵һصĸɰĹ֮죬ֻܱԸ߽ӢۿԵ
һλС͵͵͵˸ƭ񣬻ѳԼǵߣõĿС͵ڷԼľŭŭþ޸ݣҲǰ硣
˵˵𣿡
ħЦһֻһģԡ
һʼͲ̤ǰ˽ͨԭʲôûУģ罨𹬵˵ϵ£ѳһʼġ
ܽپ㵵صɴ۾Ǿ׵ۣ
ķӦħ⣬΢΢ЦҲûʲôҲȺ߸Ϲ˵ļһӶѡҺΪĳԭȷʵԼնˣֱ̩̹֮ʣǼһϲ޸
ܽգգۣħȻǳ˽⣬ͺЩľʶһ
ħ˵˽ľ죬Ϊֲ֧磬ȵҲԸ
ܽٵһ׹䣬ϵǻᣡ
µĲϸ˵ܹĩհľ󣬾޴Ĺ׹䣬Եϵ˵ǣ
ϣʣ׹֮ǰýʣƽ׹䡭
ħ΢΢ҡͷⲻһġ
һЩԸôƱػļһһλԸ⣬񶼲׳֡
Ͼǵû滹ӲҪ򡣡
Ӳ̣ܽû˼
»˯šħͷϵԲ£׹֮ʧȥ˾ֻ˼䣬ǻȡе͹壬»ڵϽԼ
ǿɲһȺƽļһΪ˱ΪԺ٣ǻýʣƬ½һʷǰս
ܽԴֱ죬֮սʱСָλȥ
ħŻ֪ΪֻȥԼñöǿˡ
ܽٵ˫ûн࣬˵ôǿ󡭡
ħЦǱǿ󡣡
һⳡսԤϵļһҪȾָƬأҲСѪ
׿ܽ٣ԼҰĺͿҪΪҵĵΪֱָܹУΪܹϣǵļܡ
Ǹ߸ϵһϲϣûɥȮ֮


16 
ԴǴҹ̸ܾ֮ܽҡҡ׹һգͻ
ʹҲʲôúĸһӴŰݷõĿˣżҲóŻ񡪡ԶصĹҲÿռ䶼μӵģֻڼʮҪܾλʱŻ
⣬˳һ¼ﺢӵ£ҲĴǣŮСͥҲСƽڱߵأҪϵ鶼ס
֪ЩӣӵŮĻ¼ҽӴ˶ٸĹˡ
һλʮ̸ֽķˣȺܽûʲô̱ɳȷһ̾ɱҰɡ
·Դһǣ˵˵
ȺߺرסܽٵֱۣܽҲ̾˿û뵽ôˣΪٻȵ֮󡣡
ڷռǰ죬ڵĹΪԶĿõĽӷ磬ûҪμӷռ˶ᾡʱ֮ǰϵ
ƫԶĹŮս
ȸŸͣǵǳʲô֪ɣˡ
׵˷֣һǳģҲǰ˻¼ҵ֪ŮضҪ̳мҵ̱ʯ죬Ǹ̳оλСŮȽʺԶޡ
Ȼûʮ꣬Ҳвļļһϣܹѻ¶
ܽǲˣǸԼҵĴӣʾԸܽǰ̱ʯ졣
㵹ͦģֻǡ
ܽŤͷ·ˣǵĸĸమģΪݵǶٻ԰е
ҪԹǻ罻ܽپڷ䣬Ʒħռ鱨
֪ڳſλʲôĴ
ȥ귨ʦһֻҵλӵħ츳ѧԱĦɯ׶֮һϡٳֲ˰
һλʥӣǻһɫһ
ħؿڣǸСӿɲ򵥣ʼո¶ͷǿʼǻѸẉ̂ǻǼһѾǰ˼ı𡣡
ܽ°ͣǻ̺Ȼǻ𣿡
ԡħǰõĵ㣬ҲľߡǻӦܿǻ̵ļһۺܶࡣ
ߣֲĹԪ츳ôߡܽЩȣһ֪Լľߴڣ̲ס˵档
ӦԼħϰԶ˴̨ǻųơȫ֪ǸСܹʹȫϵħǻ۵
ܽٸ̾һԭôǿ
˵ԭǸƽ񣬴꿪ʼǻ̴˰չ¶˾˵츳ǻ
ħ˽ú͸̲ܽסôЩ鱨ġ
ħ˵˼ҵľߣٿԼ
ܽصԴԲ𡣡
Ҳû취ϾǴСڽ̻ļһˡħҲֻڱԹһ䣬ܽʵʵǸŤֻҪܽ뷨ʦҲܰϺܶæ
ܽʵʵӦˣЩڴؿħ鱨µ𣿡
ħһһڴ˯ǰµ˵
ܽٲ˼ЦЦΪЩϵĴȷʵ˼
ħЦһˣɧҵģ˯澫
ܽ۰Ͱ͵ض
ħβͻ˻Σʲô
ܽЦֻǾٿһ£ҲͻӦ
ϾΪֹħƺӦֱͺǸŮϵһ
ħЩŭҿɲ㣬ȥ˯
ܽЦףħˡ
Թ˱̽ͷ̨ϵĺèħˣĲ𣿡
Ȼħػش𣬡ǼһۿɼǸûӵģֳֻ
Һ˵ɣΪǻǸƽСӣҲЩĶˣҪʦʼƽ񡣵ƽܲ˳ӵҫøһӣҪƽӵȨ
ʱӦûдķʦʹߡֻҪչ¶츳ֻҧʣΪ˿ʱʵı飬һһȥġ
ܽӦһ˯һܺãԴһմͷʼѾ⡣
Ժ룬Ȼô˵ʵֻΪ˸׳
Ǹħ
ܽپԼȻûб츳ڿ˷滹㾫׼۾
ħ˺ܶϵĹ£ƺû˵Լģ֪ʲôʱŻ͸¶ԼĹ¡
ħȻ˯ŤͷĽֵ
Զʱʹ黹ڵߵҲٻ߳֡żһ֣߳ضΪһʱպӢ˵ߡħʦ߶ĳЩľߡ
Ƶèͫش𽥹ھ׵ĳǣڣѾһλʥӣԶֹΪߣѾŵĳЩѵζ
ϵļһӦҲڿʼıˣٵ𽥽ӽ
ħʶצڴȺһӡ
ܽʶһħˣץ
ħ彩Ӳһ˲䣬ڨڨذצӷ£ͷܽһۣЩŭ˵ļһ
ȻѹƺĴȵξ

ҹһͨװƫ̲ɫĽù˴ţ̱ժ¶ñֶ̨ϵһ˵ĵҡ
û֪λͷײЦҲһλߡ
ÿķռ䣬ϣǸضΪ֮ĸŮļŮϼƷա
Ů񣬾ļŮеĴ㣬֮ĸĳŮ
Ů̻һֱĵضΣũҵĸ˹棬ʷƾõĽ̻һµ͵ҲȨҹϵõĽ̻֮һ
ռǰ̱Լ۾ϵŮǰ棺ʴȵŮ񣬽Ҳڴŵһƴ硣
Ȼ˵仰֮󣬱̵߶ͺ͵ûʲôϵˣ߶߶߶ţǵģҲڶʲôʱȺʡĵļһȻҪȥμʲô硭
ճƺҲ꣬ŮּöڻʳܶѣʵֲռȻǰһЩֻǵҪɡ
ƺ츳ĺӣƺ淨ʦҪһʣһ̻ỹڼء
һϰߣŵͨͨŮǰչ¶뿪䵻ҵʱ򣬾ָܻŲЦ
ȻҹŮƺпķգkڣ˹
ȵصɴ۾ϵع£ͽԶڡ
ҸоϤϢ𡣡
ɿش𣺡ռ佫˲ƫԶصĹ壬Ӧ档
Ů񣺡ȥҵk
ɻ󣺡ҵ˭
Ů񣺡ˡ
ŮĽ̸֮󣬱̴ҴҸĸ˹ң־סһͣ߹ܼңһμӡ


17 
統ա
ܽŵشϿһ׳ȹɫں׺ԴĺᣬϰΣĺʯԡ
ɫ͵ڻ֦չĹСм˿޺ͳڵʡ
ܽһӽܵ˵Ŀ⣬ʶԼĺʯҫıʯħġ
һħˣܾð˲١
ħ𣺡ιС㶯ֶŵġ
ܽһ죬ԹԷ֡
￴һǰĹŮΪĿʿЦƿߡ
ܽٽȷʵһġ
ԭλ˵֮ڶֻʣ˱ŰΧĿ־塣
ܷ⣬·Ҳȱϯ
Ӿ׼ȥģ㴩ȥϾ֮ǰĦԹԷָʲôʱͻҲ硣
ӾһԼġų˺ݻҾ͸ʿ
·˲òɳܽٳûԼһǰ
Ҳܼ򵥣Ҫ̳̱ʯ죬ҪһģⲻǸСС嶼μӵϣĺҲǶʲôΣա
ֱܽͦ壬ȥʵһСС˽ģϣļ˱籩Ҽ˶̫˽ˣ˵ıֿʲôߡ
֪Լӵħ츳
ô˵ܽٴ˻᳡ħ˵ĳսҪ￪ʼˡ
ڴſڿʼܽپԲ˺üĿԵߣװûв΢ЦŲȡһƣҸûʲô˵徻¡
ǼӰΣܽٲɫػؿһۣ²⿴ӦĦûû뵽˳߿ȥȻλŻ쳤ɯС㡣
ܽһ£˵߶ɯŲߡһȺΧ룬ûʲôմܽôƫԶطС塣
ܽգգۣѵоˣ
Ǵħɶȡ뷨ȤЦһȷʵһֱڿ㣬ĦҲڣǱߵĽΧҲΧ˲ˣʦȷʵܳ㰡
ܽٽĻᣬɫؿһħָķ򣬹ȻĦ档
Ȼǿݮ⣬ͱˡ
ܽٻ̧ͷǰӣĿⲻ˺üһĺϣʵ̫עĿˣ
ɺӶܽٿеĲݮ⣬Ӹµش൱ЦһԼߵͬ˵ɣǸҶײĦļһ
ûκħӦòǷʦĳԱֻǸĦǱߵͨ塣
õȷĻش֮󣬵ɺЦһȻ磬ҰѾͷ֪Լ˶鷳ɣ
ȰŻûע⣬ڸϽȥԺĦ˳ϯᣬҲʵʵڼţ˵лᰲȻصء򡭡
ûаѻ˵꣬ܽԼȫء
ܽգգۣûʲô̫صĺ
ʵԴ΢һתĦ˼ħǰ鱨ȷʵɳ˷ʦʹߣλʹ߻Ϊ뷨ʦĹǽвԡ
Ħ浱Ȼܽʲô츳Ҫߣᣬһϣ׷Ī
ʵͦ񶾵ģܽĬĬ˵Ǹû桢Ҳû鱨ԴСŮ˵Ѿ˵
ǡ
ܽħѹ£ô׼⣿ֻ˼˳
ܽٵĿٴ䵽˶ԷĵɺϣѵǴú
þûжɺֻΪɵˣһȻģ˵̱ʯǸƫƧòƫƧƾأǣ
ܽŻعĿ⸴ӵؿһۣȻ΢΢˵ͷȷʵ̱ʯ켸ѾӽϣǵĹ
ɺӱҭһ£ٴγ̣ƶĵط󻼣ôĵطŻ󣡡
ͬæͣû˵ֻҪȺţֻʣ˹ͷӣ
ܽ΢΢ҡҡͷ˵ȺͷӶµġǼӲ𾪣ʯͷΧǽҲ׿л
ɺӣ
˭Ⱥ
ЩܻȻûüڣֵؿܽ𽥿Ӱ
ܽеػͷûǰ˭ͱ͵ײһ£ֻһԷѾվ
ͷŮһ߰עС
ܽһ¡
ĵɺȴϲλɯСҲôģĦǷʦͬţƫԶС岻ĦӣȻҲǲɯСӣ
ɺӵı˷ͣԶԣûɯ״ˡ
ܽٺѾˡ
ɺŷ֣˼ڼ䣬ɯզѾȱȱԽǣٴλص˻Ƶ״̬¡
ܽҲڿոɯ׵ľٶѺãǡܽûľٶκһ⡣
̧ϵĺʯڴƵĶħħˣոʲô
ħȻҲżָӣ˵ոײʱ򣬳û㱳סĺ°˳
ܽδ㶵ʱˡ
Դ֮ǰɯ׶˵Ļģ㿴ܻ鷳ҵһ䣬ɲһӾܵƫԶ£ñԼԸ˵ˡ
ʱֻöԷڿڿҲǺѣ
ѵ˵λɯС㣬ʵǸر𰮲ĵĺˣ
ܽٵıЩŹ֡
ιιɺһ˺üͼܽٵעЩͷؿڣû˵ĻĦᣡ
̧ܽͷĿγûһ˿ʣƯִ˵Ļȴ൱ֱӣȷʵէԭʦѧԱĿ˰
㣡ɺǺԶһֱעĦ棬仰Ҳ
ȻĻҼ뷨ʦǲҲҪԺҳϯκһᣬĦ浽
Ц˵ⷬһߵĦ̲סˢվֱܽ
ҧгݵ³ҰѾͷ
ɯ΢΢üƺҪǰһֹⳡ־磬޵ؿһ¥λãջûж
ûע⵽¥һֱվһˣһУһֱڹ۲¥£Ħı֣̲סüͷ
ǲ񻰡
ϧҲûƷѡ˲ŵԣħ츳̫ˡ
̾˿ûע⵽ͻȻԼֱĵؿڣѡ˲ŵİɣҺá
ŵòֱӰѺȥ


18 츳
ֽסУһ㲻ش˺ӣﻹһװ۵СԲС
üֹһ䣺Ҳòװôʵɣ
ۿŶԷ򿪺ӣȻֱӾҪȥպе͸Һ壬ʹļ׵شһҵһ£
һѶԷУСȡһѱڶ״˶ٵСףҨһףĵض˶ŵ˱ָϡ
ǳ˳飺磬ǼһûҪƲɣҲ̫
淭˸޴İۣǾ֭ˮΪڻܸ㵽ڿӰӶˣ
˿ͻ֣ᷢηʦʹ߲Ǳˣ֮һ˹ҵļ󣬻ӵмɫľϵħ츳
ĵܱܵ˴Ů̻ᣬΪŮľ
ҲǸ˹һ
ĦߺߵԼƤͿϿҺʣʲô㲻һϲֳϵ𣿡
ҲѧӣѼҪɺԵĿҺͿԼƤϣʵش𣺡ŮѰһˡ
ʲôĦһӾ׹ԷҪˣ˲䱩ףŤͷԼܵӯԪظ޲ôŶԷԴʣѡˣû̻ᶼû𣡴ҶڱͱˣǴ㡭
Ҳûа취Ҳġ̵ؿڣһˣŮҪ˱ô죿ô꣬ŮҲûпҪʲôֻôһССúøĻҲӦʵġ
˴Ժȥ˵ǰ£̲סǴڽ̻֪ڵơ
ȱȱ¥ɨȥò˵ĸ˸λã￴ȥ¥µСһһš
ͨ˺ɫħ츳߻ŸɫԪؾ飬ĸ߾;ۼɫľԪأĵҵλҲΧŻԾĻԪء
λڡĦ棬ϡϡΧһɫԪأڹȥ츳ʦۡ
ҡҡͷһһǰǸ
ŶģŮϣ
ŵ÷һһ֪Լĵܸܵû˵ʲôôӣ˵㡭
ְֱ̧ͷŤ˹ȥֱܽٵķ򣬰淢˺ͱһ޵ľŶģϣ
ǿһɫĹţ
ʲôħ츳
һӦ뵽ԼŮľߣ˴Ů֮ӵ˼ߵϵ츳ʹҲûôŨԪػƣ
ΪŮľҲ֪ߵ츳ǿ̶ءŮǴ֮ĸŮΪ֮ĸľߣôӦõǿϵ츳
̲סٿһǸɫĹ򣬶ô̾츳ֲŮ񶼱ˣֲŮ֮Ϊˡ
ڸ̾ȻǸ֮¹âϵԪؽӽɫţŭһס֣
Ծħᶼһ£컨ϵˮ죬ĦһֱϵλߵѹƣŵֱӵڵأʹرסԴ
ܽٵһʱŤͷ˶¥ķողˣʹħ
¥ıĿУոտˣ𶯵ʱЩɫķԪԼˣ
Ű滹ڴУ̳¥±ȥŷӦŭһСӣܣ
ǻûӸոյعͿ˹ҵȨ˺λδŮ̵̻׵ܵܣӶ¥
Ħ㶵ؿǰλĴ͵ؿڽһϡʦ
һ㶣ڷʦν̣ȻϿΣϻСӵʦ֮ǰ飬¶ݣһûнӲ硣
滹ڰڼӣͳûȿ˿ڣ˾ֵؿλǳЦ̴ЦһӣŶλ
˵ֻǰһɫĹţ֪ŮϽֲһֻ۾ϵĿҺżɫŵݡǸŮ൱Ư
ɲصɴۣƺЩ
͵ĳ̵ֶŻŶλС㣬Ҫ£ǴŮ̵̱Ըһƴ㡣
Ů񡭡֪Ϊʲôħ˵ԵЩŹ֡
֪ܲԷĿģܽٻǹɵ񣺡ã̴ˡ
ϵЦãֻûüڣͱҲҴҲ۾ϿҺİ漷һߣ¶º͵Ц´ܽһ飬ص˵ͷܺá
Ƿʦĵʦ棬Скܲ츳ʽʦļӡ
ʾذѰٴμһߣһ£
СѾͷҪúÿǣǷʦ񣬵湴Ķ֮ɲ٣Ҳвٹۿ˵͵ľɹ壬һǼ츳۸ô죡
ڳĹЩȻ˵ⷬı˿ðͬΪɹԼȥʲôԡ
ôӵۣû뵽ܵôҪĨҲʹóԣ㵱ʦڷʦǸҼȻнȥȻḺα
ʦֲһ˵㣡ЦŤͷܽ٣ѭѭգǴŮ̻ᣬǼһ˵ˣ
Ҫ÷ʦǽĻƽѧԱ
ҾǴŮ̵ʥŮ
λĴãۿżҪ᳡ڶڳλĳ棬һʱľû˸ǰȰܡ
ǵڵϵĦͻȻһ飬ŵؿܽ٣ħ츳
ܹ˹ӣ˵츳Բͣ
ǵԼӵħ츳ʱϲҲǵüλʦϧɫ츳ߣħ˵Ҳʤޡ
һֱЩƽ⣬ͬһ뷨ʦˣһǿĵҵŮһڷŪеӰ
һֱп޷йĶͼ֤Ħ棬Ҳһλŷʦ
Ŀɢؿܽ٣ѵ˵С壬ҲӵԶ츳
Ħǰһڣͷȥ
ܽپȵصɴ۾ָָڵϵĦ棬λ
ƲƲ죺ڵˣһܲˣ
ҲҡҡͷȥϢңһ㰲
ԵŮѸٹ˷ȥǵĶͻȻһǲ۸ţ
һǷʦˣǽ̻ᣬҰ
ò֡
ܽڿӦλشһ
£Ҫӳ顣ɯײ֪ʱͷǸûСѾͷѣŻ
ܽٶؿɯףһȻĺܲʵǸĵĺ˰ɣ


19 Ů
ܽٴš顱ߣɯ׵ıһ˲ЩŹ֣ŤͷɤӣʹλҲ˿·磺֮λ˹Щӣǻطİɡ
Ѿšüͷɯײ¾е鷳ˣѾͷ쳣󣬶ұǷʦǱߵģֳ˵ԾǷʦռˡ
һתͻȻУЦԣǾȥǽ̸̸̻ɡ
֪ܲЩʲô˸ۣȥĵ̣
ʾҰ˴ǽ̻ᣬѵǿ𣿲ṩطѡ
ţŮ˵Ҫˡȴȥ͵ˣһҪǼ񼣣˵ʲôµİɣ
ɫؿܽ٣ЦݸӺƣǽ̻ûǷʦôԵһжСѾͷôѡ
ɵؿű֪һôͻȻתˣ̿ڣҸһȥ
СȻܾǱѡķʦʹߣ㻹￴˵츳
˵ôڣĻǵ츳Ͼ
һ˼վһߵɯףȷʵ鲻Ҳһ˴뿪ɯСʦȥһ˰ɣ
ɯûѣ˵ͷȳȥֻһ䡰
Цһ䣺٣Ƿʦļһһһ۾ϡ
⻰Ҳ޷ЩŵɨܽһۣװؽͣȣϾ츳ڵġ
ûȥû룬ֻܽĵıӰɯŤͷüëɤӣһ˼ҺǼһҲʡ
Ҳǡɯ׵˵ͷûԼ
ҭһ죬̲ס°ֹǲϲСѾͷ
ôһԱȣոǸСѾͷƢͺöˣԽԽ⣬ȵػ˻֣Լ
ܽɯǰԹԵʹͷһģʵоԷɫȹϵĽ߻ƣƺǲɫڿնװŮ
ܽ룬Ѵŵؼһȣһܸ˵ģϾϲľǰŪκͷ͡
ɯȴ˳ĬڣʲôҪ˵Ļ
̧ܽͷʵذڳһ¶ģ
ɯʶ°ͣûѡȨǽ̻ỹǷʦﲻģԼݣԹԽܰžͺˡȥ˵Ƿɻڴˡ
ˡ
ܽԶһλ˹λ˽̻ȨĴλǲ𣬲ҪʱͷԹʵʵԼͿˡ
ܽٹɵص˵ͷףлİɯС㡣
ɯ׶һǳɫͫһ˿ȣŤͷ򳵴⣬ЩӲػظҲֻʶʱǿ⡣
ܽһȰؿ⸱ӣ͵ڵеأ˻
ߡ֪Ϊʲôħ˲ôغһ

ܽٵһμŮ̻Ľã̾һ䣺һƯĽá
ͦţ¶Цߣʮֽؿڣ֮ڣڴŮıӻ֮£ļ紺ηϺʹѾ죬Ҳеʻ
һ·ǣôһ޴Ů
ܽͷɫŮͷ֦Ҷѿȹ׺ŵĻոճδ۾ĶŲ¶ĵɫ
ϵɫϵŮǰ񣺡ǴŮ񡣡
kǴظյʹϣϢԶعĴɫԸŮӡ
ʹͽɯҲׯصضŮܽ͵͵ŶԷҲһȻҪͻȻɿð֦ѿ֦վֱ󣬽֦ѿϵĵһ仨ķ䡣
˾㵵ĿУܽѾ˻ӳĴɫߴϣеĻ֦Ҷ·һ˲˹
Ů΢΢¶Ц⣺ˡ
Ҳԭأ̧ͷ˿߸ϵŮֿ˿ݻƵܽ٣һ˲еģôľߣûִ
Ȼ˵ͷӿ϶ûлŮÿǡ
ŮҲ̫ƫˡ
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20 ͬ
ڵһ˲Щ̣ܽƺŮĿ䵽Լϣ˲һ亹
ԲɫħҲ֪԰ġֻħ״̬ƺЩ֡
ܽٴִۣϵĺʯӸոտʼ̵þˣħƵķŭ
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ҲԨҲͬġħƺ侲ոôŭָһЩҪңӦòֻô򵥰ɣ
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Ů΢΢ҡͷҲΪ˼ٵĴս׼˹Թҵľǵഫͬ׷ǰԨġЩսʿһ
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ܽ٣ħˣǺôǸ񡣡
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ֻһóսĲ֪ٴ࣡ܽٿţǹԹ԰ħ˵ͷ
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ܹо羫黷࣬Ѿս׼ʹҲη塣
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ذ׵ݵŮǰ
ŮĬŽӹkؿħһۣ׼Լָ
ħߴ٣ва


21 ²
ŮĬؿħһۣһҧذ£ƿһСӣճ鶯֡
ѪҺָ֮ܵһԶҳֹͣڼ¼š׵櫡һҳ
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žһħ飬Ťͷܽ٣Ϊû͵
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ħЦһʲôˣһԾӡ
ܽٱ۾תת飬ʵش𣺡ԭҲźɫѪ
ħ֮ˣԺڶʮһҳҲԴˣϾҲǵõ˴Ů׿
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ħؿڣһǶšŮ񡯵ĳƺŰɣһӶúչҵľߡôľӪеİɣ
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ܽգգۣħ˵ܾãڵĴŮ񣬸Ǹˡ
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ġҳֵĿ϶ֹһȴǵһģΪʲô
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һϢҪ߰˳㣬ҲøǸֵļһһ㾯档


22 
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صڵħüɫؽɯ׵İԣܽһýζһ̲ס¶е㸴ӵı顣
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ĿǰĵҲŻ²ر⣬ƺǼҵŮͶڱﳰλܵӡ
šܽ°ͿһλɯС㿴ǺҪǿ˰δôĻӦҲʹɡ
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Ҳر⡣ħؿڣֻ߲ҪСĽ㹻ǿ󣬾͸Щıơ
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ǰĦĿֻؿڵĶڳˣ˲١
ڱ񿴵֮ǰ뿪̲סҪǸѾͷ³ǰ㵵һƬʵĳȻվӰ

ˣɫȹӸһҳҲûմ
ⲻܣĦ治ŵһӵǿϵ츳ɯף뷨ʦ֮ǰҲûʹħ
ѾʹħˣйʦʦⲻܰǸƫƧ̱ʯ죬ôܻзʦֵط
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һڵ߽С᲻̫Ǹ壬ħƺǻۻġܽһ֮飬ЦݣĦүҹʱˡ
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ȷʵ£Ҳѧ֪ܶʶءܽЦݲ֪Ħү̱ʯ֮⣬ׯڵػܼҰɧţҰܽƻô뾡취
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֮黩ָܽ⻮Ůحح֣Ħ顣
ĦֱľٶйŹ֣һҧҲܻ᲻ᱩ¶ˣٴζŵͻƴȫ˼һ
ͬ޿ڵͬѪҰܽ٣ȻҧϣĦûٵȴת·ӣ߸Ьص죬ʶͷһۡ
״ͬĵնϳ飬Ǹĵе־ŮѾ׷¶Цֱǰ
Ħֱÿ۾һ֡
׵櫡
Դظһ֣ȻһңԶĿԼϣĳֲͬڷ˵Ĵڵעӡ
ƲסĲԺһһǸ֣ͬȻ
׵櫡׵櫡
ˡң׵櫡
ֵط֣ԭܹʹԪͻȻŭ𽥱óضӲʯ
ܽգգۣħŮǲ
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ԶȻһâܽƳһٰۣ֮
뵽ֳ󶯾Ӧúܿͻ˹鿴Ҳû뵽Ȼô졣
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ȱľ֮飬Ϣ
ĦϺȻһƬѿȻѿ賤ܿ츲סȫʯ̣ȻҲͣ


23 ʥ
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Ǹӵһͷɫ̷Ŀʥͬ㵣һصǽ籩ĵܽ٣ͶԷĬض˼ڿڣû°ɣ
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ܲ˼գ˵Ѿ۾գˣĸҪŮֽһǿϲɺء
Ŧ۵ڵϲٶĦ棬һʱЩŹ֡
ʱźŦͬ۵ҲҴҵظ˹ʥӴˣʲô
ŤͷڵϵĦ棬׷׵һɵþ⡢ǡ
Ŧ΢΢ͷѾάסϱߵԪػûֹͣ뻹ǸϽȥʦȽϺá
ȷʵΪ׵ߵͷšüͷ⿴ǱɵĺһôڳôĶ
Ŀ䵽ܽϣǻȻҲ˵ˣϳ˸ø˹λĦĸԣʲôҲֻ֣ǣôԼ
Ҫѷϣ鷳һˡŦǰһɫܽǰ룬λСҲһŻˣ֮£ͽѯʰɡ
ħôʹغһװһ˵ӣƭˣǸͷһһͶѡ
ܽգգۡ
ѷûжʣ˵ͷ̧÷罫״̬Ħ𣬳ŷʦķ뿪ˡ
Ķ˲Ŀ⣬ʥŦΧڣ¶˵΢Ц벻õģѾûΣˡڱƻĵ桭Եȣǻһ˹æݵġ
ĻյǵĿ϶еغкʾŸл
ܽҲ¶˸м΢Цȴɫ룬ǻûʲôϵǾȻҲԸʰô̯Ӱ
½Ů̵ģϾҲԼŮġû뵽·ɱһạ̊́ѵ̻һô˽
ǡƺǲµʲôħԥط˳ЦǻɴĹ㳡ס⸽ĶǴ塢ˡ
ܵõǵô·ʲôɣϵʦĻ͸ˡ
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ŦǻĽڣ鷳λˡ
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ܽٲ˼ץץԴܲ˼ɣʵ̱ʯʱҲٻô˵ܣԡ
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ܽٿŶԷǡôЦݷѣѹǻ̽չѸͣôϲʥӣЦһЦƶеͽɡ
Ŧʵľ룬ѯʣҪЩʲôأĴ󲿷ֵһʮ˽ģ룬ӦܹʤܽСһְ
ֻܽӲͷƤȥôЩԵİɡ
ǡ֪һЩ̡Ŧܽǰ벽߻ͷΪֵ
ܽһʼžҲĽˣλʥӵкǿ׺֪ʶҲ൱Ԩ
ħ䲻ؿڣ־裬չ¶֣ﶼһͷǶôҲ£㣬ߴ̽һ㾿ķ
ܽһ飬Ŧתͷô
ܽٿָָͱµĵ⣬ԹԵͷǳƯû뵽ϻ͡
̫ˣȻ൱ˣӳȡ⣬С⣬òֵһᣡ
Ȼܽٲ֪ΪʲôԼҪ͵òòл˶ԷĿޡ
һ̧ͷͶʥŦ˼Ц
ţܽûؾԼĳֻƻĺ궢סˡ
ŦЦſڣܽС㣬ȻһĹ岻̫һء
ܽٲԵضһ·һֱŶԷѯĦ飬Ҳ׼һ׺˵ǣԷƺ£ֻشֵй䡣
ֵú͹岻һˣ
ŦӣЦеش̣߳ƽĵŶһĹżҲ᳢ƽʳɲԼ̤ƽĵ̣һ㶼ء
ܽע⵽һֺ͸ոĴͬڽϵ˺ĵңûйô
ܽ죺Ͼġ
ǸȻô˵ȴûǸ⣬Ϊĵĺܺóԡ
ǽӽĵطˣסŵĴ󲿷ֶƽشƽ൱ף̲סҪǡ
һ˵ʱûǲҪϾƽϹݡ
ܽӣ˵С壬ҲͲǹûʲôɡ
УλʥȻ˾еͷʵǸ˰ɣ
ħһҪ˵Ļǣűߣ̽㣡
ôأǺʵ֮ŮŦ΢΢ͷעĦ棬˲ǵ˰
ܽٵĽŲͣһ˲䣬һݣôȦڵˣ
ǵġܽص˵ͷԼǷʦĳԱѹǲԵģ۶ԷƽС塣
ûʥӵ֮⣬˾ؽ˴
ŦҲżͬص˵ͷ˵Ķԣ˭ǡһλӵгɫ츳ķʦ
ǴŮ̻ᣬǷʦ֪˰пӵ£ôһλӵ츳δʦһΣհɣ
ʥһȻЦݣܽãȻ죺
ʥŦ΢Ц°ͣһλϵʦܷɣпܾǸλͬϵʦλ˲Ĵڱءȥɲܶ˵ˣ˵ҲԷ۲ء
ܽ٣
Ŧָָƣţ˰ɡ
ܽľȻ˵ͷ
Ŧ𣺡ټˣܽС㣬Һڴδٴλ档
ܽٿԶȥıӰ̲ס̾˿λʥӴˣô˵ءȻ;ȫˣõȷء
ħغһҲû취ɣôҲ뵽ǴŮ񱣻㡣
ܽŵĶ΢٣΢΢ۣ˵ʲôأħ˱ҡ
ħþûлӦ̲ܽסٴκһħˣ
ħһ
ףܽЦħ˻ӣϲʳ
ԼǷҲȵٳԺˣԺħһ


24 
ܽٻصңƽĵõ˼˵һº
ӵħ츳ȻܾϲҲûʲôرıʾƺûжԵ
·˶Ӿĵڶ⣺װģ㻹ǵôӦʲô㲻ٳˣ
ͳһһӾధ
ܽپúЦĿ⣬ü˼ۣѸڻܻԼķ䡣
·˻ܽ٣ٴϳԣҪϣ
֪ˣܽӦһѸٹ˷š
ȡ֮飬ǰϵ⣬ɵʣ𾴵ħˣҪݮأ𶹵أ
ȻڵħǰȫҵĹƷħؿڣ֮۵ذݵⶼԼΧ
Ƶèͫܽ٣ڴı֡
ߺߣҲµˣܽٵüëӱóʲô̰ĵħ
һƹħĬĬ̧̧èצŰԼǰɢƷĬ˰Ρ
ողѿڶǲ̫ˡħ𾴺͹Ӧõģ
ħ°ͣݮģˡ
ȻԶµľߣżҲҪ㽱͡
лĿ
ܽЦۣħ鲻ػ˻β͡
ܽ˵ħĺϲʳء
ΪԨûζħػش
ܽõĶ˶٣̧ۣ̽ʣǸħˣԨʲôأ
СѾͷúĵطħɨһۡ
ܽԴ˵һ£һֱΪû취ԭԲűСèС񡭡
ȻܱΣΪʲô᲻ܱΡħƺ²еЦɨܽһۣȷʵ޷ԭˣԨȾ֮Ѿûԭˡ
㲻ǺԨʲôط𣿡
ʲôûУֻлĺһմȾͻħԨԭûеħǵﱻԨȾġ
ܽһ£
ѾԨȾӸµؿܽ٣һ˲䣬ͫƺɺɫģ˵мصĴԨ㳲Ĺ
ܽס˺ǡ
ΪڿƣԨħҲɢݡֹ缴ʧ֮ԵԨҲʧ׹䡢Ԩʧ֮ǰҵôҵ뿪ħܽ٣뿴ҵӣ
ܽԥһ£Լıģʵʵصͷ
µҵˣڵӣкܲһèϺɢݣֻչɫڷ䡣
ǱȾķǶħ֮ӵη̬
ܽ۾ǰӵкɫķƷ˵һ˫ɺ۾Ǻʵģڶħ̬
һ˫ѪŨص۾ȴֻ˾ñˡ
ħ˶ŤͷҲŲ⸱ģ֣ŻСӵġ
ܽĪ㲻ίֱͦűʾһ㶼µħˣ˵ǳԾħҲӵòֱǴ˵ħһ
ȻͱħһѰס°
ܽգգۣôͻȻίˣȴˣΪʲô
ܽ̽ſڣò
ħһ
ܽ̽ſڣħ
ħ죡
Ŷǲϲʡ
ܽ¶Цһһ
ˡħֵһĶͷ˵¡
εõ˴ŮѪҲ֮ϲ뷨ʦҲüŰԵˡһԨĴţ»
ܽһ㶣򿪴Ż᲻ᡭ
ģԨҵƿ֮¡ħ൱ݣֻԷһҸûʲô˵ĵطȽϺã֮ӦûῼǸ׼סˣѡƫƧĵطԺħʼ֮ء
ܽһԻ¼ҵĲħ˵취ĳ׷ӣҲòôǮɡ
ܽЩ棺ħˣĲ¡ʲôأ
ħţô˵أȻٱԨӰϲ֣ʵҲʲôˡ˵м㻹еϵ
ţܽɻָָԼ
ӦҲϲħʼ硣

ͬʱĵҡ
ɯ׸ոջصԼ鷿Щͷ۵ԼԴһΰ׵µµ¼൱鷳
ʵζܴģ鷳ǲñ˿ЦɵһӲԼδޣȻ׷һλ΢С֮ŮѾ˺ЦģôЦ
˵ʱܻȽϺ
ɯױϢһٴʱѾһǿƵģҰܽ١µл¼ҵġ
ǣ
ŮͺܿǰϷһλΪһðĹ̺裬һЩ۵ؿڣС㣬лĹϣѾ鿴ˣܽ١µģӦҲ˰ɣ
ɯ׺һں裬һ˾Щ̵¶ȷģһǸֻǴǳ˽⣬ܹ뷨ʦˣҵϸ˽һ£ȫ׼
С㣬ֻЩŮͰѼ鼮ᵽϣ¼ҵġӾŻһ̫ˣֻеĲ¼ûиˡ
𡭡ɯ׷һۣĸ׼أҼǵǽСµ١·˹
ţǵãŮ̲ס̾
ΪҴĹ򣬲ڿ㶯ɯͷҲ̧
ŮӣԹȥѰ·˹ҵϡ
ɯ״ۣλκ֣ðԼãǿĵҵĽҲҵ棬ܳκβ
ŮİϷŵֱߡ
ɯ״ӺǰСƺûʲô˲Ĵһʧȥ˹ݡ
ʷƾõЩ˳ϣɯһ·˵ԪûʲôСѾˣҪ˵ԷȿĵһҪʷƾá
ôʱȻһ˲ҲûҲǡͦҵİɣ
ɯĿЩӣʵҲ͹ˣͽȻ˵޹ؽҪĺģԶܹ׷ݵʲôʱ
ǰһҳڶԪĩ
͸ԿԨ·˹ļ¼ڡڸ˹ϡ
ɯ׵ͫ͵һڵڶԪĩ·˹ȻҲܱȼ˹ҵĴ壡
ŵط˸ոյҳ棬ȻԪʼѾǵˣм䷢ʲôΪʲôһضûУ
ڿħսʧ׳սȫս˻
ʲôһʢԻ͵ļ壬һϦ֮ûɣΪάֹݿң
ɯ׺飬۾ǿԼġкܶҪû취һСʷϻ̫ʱ䡣
ܽ١£Ը㲻Ṽٹ⡣ɯ׵߶


25 ʽ
ڴĽʽ, һ׼ʱſڣܵԶһС
Ȼ֮ǰǲδҲ˶෽ǵ, һ¶˵б, ӭ
ŶⲻǻӾܽСҲ޶˰
·ˣòͬʱһԣ֪, ¼ôܳܽĺˡ
ڹά¼, ʵ仰ܽ١
ӾȻǺóԷĳ, ֻ¶żãЦվԭأǸǸ
·Щͷ۵ԴǰһѰгǰ˵֡
Ӿ˿˺
ܽٺվλ, Ӧ͵еͷڹꡣ
ȳܽټ˼ۣ㣬ⶼǳİɣ
ǳŹ¶ԷʦġܽپĴǣ˵׷ʦĵλ˳Ȼ, ҲΪ
ʵܽҲ΢Щ²⣬ħѾʧĵԪȴ˿طʦ᲻Ҳ֪һЩڡ֡Ĵԣ
Ͼһ, ӦҲԼϢԴ
Ҳֻǲ²ѡ
ܽٸŴһ߽, ߵǸԵúܽƺڵԼռȻ
ܽپúЦû뵽һҲΪһֵñͽĶ
Ȼװγ˻ģ, ҶٻЩн, ѵŵ˲, Ӱҵׯ¡
ȴڵıòˣһҲ١
ŻɫϹȨȣԸһɫȹܽٻǵģͱˡ
ֻͨƳȣţӦλҲˡ
򵥵ĺ֮󣬾Ϳʼ˽Ľʽܽлû͵һǵģĹѾʱĺۼڸһЦݺĺƢˣǱ࣬ҲȻܿóʱضǸ޵Ĵˡ
λӡܽڲҿȥ
ո͵ۿʱһ˲˵ߣԷζЦһ¡
ܽİŲǱߣⳡϣûĻ󲿷ִ嶼ҲЩС壬ѵܼЩĻᡣ
˹ҵλͶڣһҲͣسߴŴȰߣص˱
ֹҲ֪ǶԼҵļ˵Щʲô˹˿񶼺ܲԾ
̲ܽס˴ϵļƤ
ĵվøһЩƺѹһɯ׺ĸһվڼǰУλĵǸĸߴ󡢰ˣô˵
ܽĸ׵ĲΡĵ˺ͲˣĵһֱûȢ
һ߾ûôİˣڸҲǶһģǵĶǰվһλŮԣϵȹװһ˵ĴҲЩ
ǰΪͷˡṫ̳˸׵ĹţҲܾ˺Լɷҫһ֧̻ת
˵ʱҲŪƵɫĹдһҵ棬ǸڳΪˡ
ЩƽԽӽĴǾǰ˵ĺ
´ǻӭ˸λ͵ĵ˽ʽʼ
һʼͻ걻ļ壬ЩЩһǰ߸ҲЩԾͲˡ
ⲿ֮󣬾оĽʽ
ܽ׼˵Ŀĵһ
˵ֻҵһ츳ķʦԤۣʦó˴˵о̵ӦҲΪ˱ֶӣЩر
ȻħЦҪҲ̫ˣܽپоĵһǸܲİš
ϢŦ£Ǽһż¼ҴţѸٻ˻·˺ȵϲֻлӾĳ˵ϸǸҪԼŮĻСӡ
ܽ׼һλܽȴǸʶĹꡣ
ܽգգ۾
֮һܽҲûԼ֡
ÿҪýҲ࣬붼Ǹոճ̳оλĹŮһ͵˹̹һȺոճ棬Եøͻأ
̻ԸԳõһоλ
˹̹⣬عͷҲŻ¼¶ƵЦݣ⵹Ǳƽĸϼ֡
Цеܽ´ʣȻùһʼӾĽʽˡ
ܽЩãȻʶҪѯʣ·˲ɫһ£ֹԹԱ죬װһ費ĵȻģ
ûǵ֣ӦǺ°ɡ
Ҷ˯һˣôûнħش˸ǷԹһ䡣
ħܽٲ֪ôͻȻð˲٣üŵ˵»һء
ħʼϹ⣺Ͳװʲô𣿷ҲҲҪͷھһɣֻҪù϶ȰͰעĿˡ
ܽٲûסЦԼȹߣһһ˿Ц⡣
ħôƴڻȴʱҲûôѰˣʹڽӾҲûԼ֣ҲܶһżЦĵȻ飬Ȼվԭء
λϵĹ̲ס࿴ۣ󽻻һ˶ӶԷ￴˼͡
ȡɤӣǽˡ
˲˴żˡ
ĲǣǼ뻹иϵľλδǰ;ޡʹÿĽʽҲûõĽ⡣
ɡᡣһ֣ӰĶ߳һɫ꣬ϻżЩȸԾ
ƺǰ֧Ĺ塣
˶ͷʾֱͦߵ˴롣
ȻĻƺû˵꣬ɨһȦ¶΢ЦԼܽ١¡
ţ
ţ
ܽٵЦݽϡ
ʹ΢˵׼ǱͻϢõһ
ΧĹǷӦɱˣƺһʱԼ֮ڣƲסĵ𶯣׷ѰĹ彻ͷӶ
Ϊ׵嵹ǴڣƺѾǰ֪ϢһΪհ˳ģ
˽ʲôôȰܽ٣˵ˣӣӵмΪǿ츳Һڴ㽫ӵʲô
ϣ㲻ǣϣǸٹ⡣
Ŷħµؿڣƺ֪ʲôǸʾ
ܽվ˴룬˵߻ϣԵϣʱٽЩ׻ԵòôʶȤˡ
ŵһ񣬰ʹۣϵػӦлĿ¡
ҲϣӵУػϣǵ
¶΢ЦʦλʦվڸԼĶҲ̲סٴͶȰĿ⡣
ܽٱǫѷصͷʵŵĶǡҺʹĺҲ治װСҪô𡭡
ܽŵĶǿȥȴû㣬ЦеؿӾܽС֮ڷʦѧϰǺܻӭ¼Ҷӵġ
ӾͷԵЩܳлĻӭ¡֮ǰˣ̱ʯʱҲûܹܣ룬һǻȥˡ
Ҳϰ罻Ӿ²ۡ
һ˼˵ͷҲȷʵˡǺðɣôŮܵøһЩ͡
׵£ʱùġ͸λʿɡҪóʹõܹӳǿ
Ӿܳصϥ¸л
ʵʹ²ʲôܹͣڽʽϵ͹˵ô໰Ѿһѵõˡ
ӾȻǾʮֻֽǡ
һܽ١
Ȼ֪ӵ츳ʦضˣһ뵽ҪһܻЩġ


26 ʦ
ܽ, ӦñΪܽ١²վԼҸĸ߹ɵӦΧĺ, кʶڳ, ͻᷢЦ͸żãȻͽӲ
ħʧǵ֮ԱǣǸССĲѣһ´½˵Щߣ˳Ϊߡʿ֮, ȵʱҪô죿
ܽգգ, СʣҵĻᱻǳΪʲôأ
ħ۵ؿڣħľĻӦûᱻΪ˲ħŮɣ
ܽ٣
һƺҲûʲôԵδ
ݵĺ֮, ٱԤʾŽʽԼ֮ʼ
ϾʽͨҲɹʢ׻
ܽٵһԤ, Ȼһ鷳ǵĸ˵ʽ֮ĵһ֧裬Ǳķʽ
װۻü
ܽٱű׼΢Ц濼ǡ
ߵĹǴЩҲʮֺذͶ˹, ƺ˭ܽһ֧ʮֺ档
ɳؿһۣͷѯ˵ùãҪҪ
¶ζЦݣ㲻Ů軹Ҫҳæɣ
ȻǣɺҡֻǾ, ΨһոսĲ, һҲܺʡ
ǺǡƺǾ˵˼ʮȤڴЦÿô࣬ɡǺܱʶ, Ҳ˶, ֵðصֺáȤ, Ǿȥ֧裬ȤǾҸȤŮմմĹ⡣
ץץԴƳܽټۣƺ˼
ϳüëʵǸȤİɣƫƫҪΪԼжһʵɣѽڵ˿治̹ʡ
ùã߳ŭԼ죬Ҫ֤Լһ㳯ܽ߹ȥȻͱһס°ڡ
εתͷҪ飬ȴϺЦ⣬ʶͣ˽Ų
ӣ
ɴ㵵ؿŰ׵ӣǰķ򡭡ܽ٣Ťͷɯס
ĵСޱ飬ֻ΢΢߬ȭͷ
šԴת׳գŮʱ㿴ȥһ𣿡
ץץԴͷ
ӳ߽ܽĶ˵Ŀⶼеˣذһ˲ܽٱ򶨣ʵޱĺһС
Ĺ֭µص˵Ҫ£㣬ĹҾײȥһ֭
ܽٶ˲Ȼ𾴣ҲеӸ
ôΣյ¾ȥԼҲã
ܽٵĿ䵽ϵĺϣû֣ɤӣȿȣ£ܽСҪ뷨ʦѧϰˣǺģҵͬǣҲȲҪôһλʶһˡ
ĵҵһλʦվͣûûҶԼûȥˣ
Ҳ¶˿ģԥشӦãȻû⣬ڵϢҺúİɣҿǰѰϣδϣ֮ǽ˰
ʦǷ׷׵ͷǡ
ܽų֣Цеض֣ܽӡ
ܽٹɵصͷŵʮѸٵسŴſȥͰ׵ӲʱԷεءһȺϺꡣ
ܽޱ飬װԼʲôûӡ
ħ˵£ݻԼ᧿ΣСĵ㣬ɵѾͷɱ˵ǹʹ
ܽҲôģɲԼӵһģλԵӶҪɯ׵ӣ
ܽٻͷλһͷ췢Ůͦϲ˵ʮְĵĴСġ
ӵܽ٣һƵشϢߣû߳ͱˣһ£Ƿʦˣʲô
˴ӣߣҶǷʦɲȤҲǵ۸Сӡ
ĵҵλʦͬسʲôЦѵһţǳŻأ˭۸
Ťͷܽ٣ѸٱЦλǿĵҵķʦףҲóϵħ
ҵħһϵħɲһλװ»׺ʯӽ̧ͷҫıʯħܹʯħħǳŶ
ǺܷѱʯҲֻֿĵҵĴõҪһ㶼㡣ĳŮ¶ЦСһǰҵİóˮϵħвȺ˵ĻʱŶ
վһˣŵƬ۾һʱѧģεĻڼƻڣֻΪֹǸֵӰɣȻΪʲôҪô鷳ķʽֱҪٺˣǸ𣿡
еһ
ظܽ˵˰ɣҾ͸˵Ƿʦһġ
һ㣬޴ӷ۾ǰͶˡſˣȳֵһС壬Ǹʦ̫һû̫ǿħ츳֮ʹͬڷʦҲཻ̫
ˣһͷ۵Դܽٻ֪ʲôʦɣħߵļһһȻϵħ츳ôȴټȫϵȫŶ
ܽһѧģԹԵͷҲûͶ˵̬ȡ
ߡȻҲʮֲûͼתƻİ˫ֱűԹ治֪ЩʲôûղŹµɫ𣿡
ɲһʱΪҪÿĵҺܽٶ
ôءЦŴԲ֪ɯףҲôˡ
ԼùΪֱǣ׾ֱ˸λ£ӡ
εҡҡͷ΢Цſܽ٣ҲˣǷʦĳ˵һģϾҳͬǣٴҶֱֱԸ񣬺ЩϲƵļһɲһ
ܽЩɯ׵Ըɵˡ
һ㡣ʾ£ֻԷһܽ٣Ӻɯ׵Ļ£òҪͽȥ
סܽʵͽصͷ
¶ɫƣҾ֪ǸµĺúӣЩ˿ɾͲôˡ
˵λ¶Ȼɫ
ܽЩؿȥ
ոջǲϲĨǣֿʼáǸ˵ˡͶ˺˿ڲ裬ܽٽͣ˵ģǸϺЩϸС㡪¶ɵ¡
¶൱Եɫ˵ǰ컹˵ģǿĵҾȻû
ǲŲм飡׷߷ߵӣ컹ܽ⣬Ҫ˵Ӧðľλ
ЩǲӦĵϷʦݵ顣һ㲻ָ㽭ɽ˵ЩСܽپǶЩֻ֪ԵĹ塣
ոýζ̻ļԥز˸ۡ
ҲӦ˵ħĻˡͶٴοܽ٣źε̽Ħ顣
Ȼǻ̵ļһǱԼħɣܾãӦ֪ʲôܽС㡣


27 ͬ
ܽٵҲûš
Ͷˡſˡɨһ, һ˵һֱ⸱̬ȺŮ˵ĻⱲӶȢŵŶ
ͶͬŮʿ, ѳҵľھħ, ڿѾǸ˲Ĵʦˡ
ЦҲ˲ĴʦŶ
ǸܽٳѯʣʣĦôˣ
źʼ磺Ȼʱճʹʬһ, ûʲôΣ, ºʹħˡ
ףܽЩ, Ůһ
ΪʧعʧصԪعʯʼηԪء޷ʹԪصķʦźҡҡͷ
֪Ϊʲôʧ𣿡Ͷ˺ܻܽ١
̧ܽͷҲûбܿ, ˵֪ڽ֮ǰҵ˵һ䡣
ΪĦڵ³ȫ, ΪҪɱҡ
Ͷ˳Ĭһ£ܽһֱԵúܹɣĹŮ۾, ŷ, º͵ŮзâġʹôһȺ˰ϣǶսķʦм䣬Ҳη塣
͡ЦҾðһϲģСѾͷ, ֪ĦǸʲôļһ, Ϊ΢е츳, ʦҲڡ
ܽ΢΢ͷʼͺħԺõ˵ǣ죬뿪Ů̻֮Ҫȥֵתת
ʹ֪˼Ǻ㣬㻹صһ˽֣Ͷ˵̬ûжת䣬ƺŹκһɵ㡣
ΪﶼȫܽٿΪĦ滹ϣû뵽͵͵
ҷ˹ûЧ
ţҲʮָȤش˹ûЧǼһȻ˵㣬ħɹʻǿԵġ
ûȡ°Ͳ䣬Ҳǹڽţ
ɹͷħȻǻ̵˺ֳܿ񶼿˰εض顣̽ܽ٣㻹ûϵͳѧϰħ㲻Ķ֣ôӮġ
ܽ٣Ƿ籣ҡ
ȷʵʹħп飬Ĺ⣬ħûЧ
ѾԷʹ÷ϵħ𣿡涼ˡ
ܽ΢΢ҡͷֻǡΣյʱ򣬻õİ
ܱô룬һӾ뵽Ů˵ġˡ΢΢ͷԪص׺ͶȹߵĻǻֱԪرӻġ
ȻǰûŮ񶼽չܽˣûҲҪɼ
һ۾ͿڳѣҲûдһѯʣ֮ǰֹ𣿡
ܽٵ˵ͷ̱ʯ죬󻼸أҿҪֵסʱ򣬷Ҳҡ
ȣϸ˵ķħ˰Է񲻾ǷĻҲû˵
λʦ׵һץץԴô˵أôԪƫ漵ʰ
ȷʵɷнµص˵ͷҲ츳Ͳ˷ô౦ʯ˰ɣϧ
ס̱Ůˣ
Ͷ˼һ˵ͷǵǸߵòԪ׺ͶȣҲпܷġҲӡ֤Ϊʲô޿ֵһڽһΡ
ȡܽɤӣЩ˼ؿڣǸʵ޿ֻΪѧϰǹ͸񶷼ɡ
ÿ궬죬ҶɭԵء
ƺǶԼԿЩ˼Ů΢΢˵ĻȴڳзʦĬ
ȴƳĬĻǰףҼǵȥΧֻץֻӣ͵͵ʹϵħ׵¡
ţҿҺôμˣͶܱ̣
£ǲܳɫģֻɫܲÿѡͶ۾
ܽٿֵԪص׺΢΢˿ħ˵ˣȫ˵
ߡ
ƺħЦ
˵ȻڣǴ˭̵ܽ٣
һ̻ļôı飬ǻش𣺡ʦĿǰһʮԱ󲿷ֶڣڵĵǣҲĸźûһǷϵġ
˾죺ʦҲҲϵʦɣӡƺһûСûϵģܽ٣ǻһ̵ģϾħںܶطͨġ
Ͷ۾Ҫ˵Ļӵȫϵ츳Ӧǿ㡣
ǵʤ޵츳˰ɡʮذ˰֣ôǻǸСӣҲӵһϵ츳ɣ
СӴ̼󣬹¿ĴƽʦˡԵЩǳǲͬƽɡ
˵ƽҲṆ̀ôܸͶ˾Ե൱ԣֻһȥҪķʦˡ

ʦǰĵúܾˣֱɢӾ˵ϵܽһͬؼңط뿪
ܽٿǵ̫ĶǲҪֳܽһħ
ܽȹڴҴҳȥĽŲЩ죬Ǽķ
û뵽·ϵ
λԵӵ£վڳıؾ֮·ĵصȴš
ܽٷŻ˽Ų̧ͷ̾˿δѵģҲ̫ˣȺϼһô໰Ҫ˵𣿡
ܽ˼һ£ڳļλʦ˸˹ҵλƺǱΪϼһͣûг
ҪСŶûмƽĳĬЦеشͷױĳЩС۵˶ϵģ硭ҵλҰĲδޡ
ܽٲüëʱýʲô
ҺòػԹԾ˵ȥǲбŮ˴ڵģ츳ѹһͷһ뷨跨ȥģ˵Σա
δ츳׿ķʦܽС㣬㿼ǺδĹΪͬˣ
ܽգգۣƽĶۣ仰˵úҲɿԣħûЦ͸ˡ
ħؿڣָ㲻״Сƨһ¾ͺˡ
ܽ¶ʵı飺δΪʲôôء
Ϊ˵ɣ
ӵһ˿αɱ⣬°ͣȷҪ֪֪֮ɾ͵óվˡ
ܾܽ̾ǾͲˡ
¶΢ЦҲż¶ģʱңԽԽá
ܽ˼һôҲڸĵҷųźţ˼վߡ
ĿǰΪֹû㡣
ܽǣ˵Ҹո˵Ŀģñ־裬ǸŮ˿ɳ֮
ܽšüͷӶɯ׵ģԣаɯ׵˶֡
ת䣬Ųһ٣վһͬ۵ʻһŮ·һͻܡ
ܽһ£Ż·λС㡣
غҴҡͷ֮Żŵش߾ܽƺԼԼһ¡
ħ£еǸ¶
Ŷܽ¶˰Զζ


28 
ÿһ䶼˵, ĵƻ֮£ڰΡ
ֱܽ߳ţŴ˵ԭɫѾˡ
㣡
ȴԼҵ̽ͷ, еس, ܽ˿¶ĵЦݣȹڴҴҸȥ
ϳ, 뿪ЦƵıԹǵ, ôö, һΪ²ѽ㻹ء
ڵĻ·ҲڴЦЦ˵ȡ
ͷƳһ۲Զ
Ӿ۰Ͱ͵شչվſڣƺҲǼһ, кܶʡ
·˵ɨһۣԼҪģϳûš
Ӿ˱, ̾˿ðɣڳϿɲ˵ʲôҪ£Ȼؼһģ
·˺ȶԹԵͷӦȻոչš
̱һصؿȥʣ, , ûпλӢүأҿע⵽ˣǸֵ⣬Һһλһֱ͵͵Ŷ
ܽεҡҡͷûϵҾȻҲõ˲ͷΡ
·ζЦܽٻǸأô񡣡
ߺߡȵز, , ǾԲῴģǴ˿ǶòŶ, ֱǹѡļأ
ȡ·Σܰѹߡ
Բ𡣡ȹԹԵǸͷܽߣ§ȻЩ䣬Ժ󣬻кһû˵˰ɡ
ܽһ£סȵ֮֡ǰô£һֱ񾭣ûӦҪԶˣһˡ
Ťͷ۷ӵ̱ʯԶɱȵĸΪЩġ
Ϊ˶ԿǳѣΪ˰ǱͷĴĦ˹֮ļ֮⣬ȵһнܻص̱ʯ졣
ܽ¶ЦģúҾͻؼҵġ

ҹŵĵƻûϨ𣬻һҾڲܽٽ﷢顣
Ȼܽû˵ǶΡ
ӾЦһΪЩķʦжأû뵽ܺ˵ǾͺǾͺã
ҪҲҲ˭֪»᲻ᰵпӡ·ȴûô򵥵ģܽ٣֮ڷʦҪСġ
ܽٹɵͷס
ԭ²ڷ𽥰ӾֵؿԼһڵСŮȣ˯ġ
㰡·̾˿һ㲻Ůӵ˼᲻ܽ١
ءȱ˱죬һҪ޳ģҡҡ
Ǿһ°ɣӾһӣƺԼ뵽һ⣬ǿԼһҲƽ󣬡ܽҪסµĻôҲø򶰷ӣһһס̫أ
һ£ŵ۾
·΢΢ͷҲʮͬһҲҪܽʽܵõġ̱ʯ쵽ôҲҪС£Ҳʡȥ鷳
ţ۾һڴؿܽ٣㣡
ܽ򴽣ħ˵ĵĻƽ֮ǻ᲻齵٣ﲻúͻ½Σյĵط֮һ
˵ħ߷Ƚϰȫ
ܽһʱҲò⡣
ôˣ·ע⵽ԥ
ܽʵ棺ҵȻΣա
ӾЦҵǲģȻǹѧòãСʱӲͿС͵ҳȥأ۵һ㶼
ˢغŭӣְ֣Сʱˣ£ѾǸ㹻Ůˣ
ܽٺزӳ߹ʱ˵Ҫװһ֭
ڨڨȥ⡢Ҳûа취İ취
ܽ°ͣ쳣˵ĻӾ
ӾЩԼıӣôˣܽ٣Ϊʲôôң
ְ֣㿴˹ͷˡܽ۾òǴߣ˰ɣ
ѽôôأӾ¶ֺõ΢ЦҲǺ᲻ǵģԵĻҶϣԶڰְߣ
ߣ
Ůͬرʾ˻ɡ
ˣǸȥ˯ˡ·дЦͲᣬܽپҪȥʦˣģҺͰְֻȥΪסġ
ܽħ˵õģſڣְ֣ƫƧһÿɭʲôģҺ黹ܳȥܡ
ӾЦã㶼Ҫѧϰħˣһ𣿡
ܽһˣģҲûϵûǻȥҲԼŻҵġ
Ӿͷϸһ룬ƥԵСͦпܵġ
·°ͣǼҵĲҪĵķӣҲô򵥡
Ӿ˴ӣǵģںǰ˵ЩĵļһҲŷյġ
·ЦΪǰ˼ļһǰʲôǱȽϺáȥҷ̻ᣬҽһǮȻص̱ʯٻ
ģֻûôǮ򶰷ӵĽң¼Ҳǳġ
ܽ˿
·ѾˣѰҲ°ɣһҵ֮أԺһҪԼĸۡᣬҲ㶪
Ӿ䣺е̱ʯζ
Ҳ°ɣߵһЩɿˣС
裬ܵҲȥһЩˡܽεҪ̱ʯˣǸ˷ˡ
·εЦ˵ҲԣЩӦҲԸԶ硣ôе˾ҰɣѰҷӵʱҲ˳ġ
ϵĽҾͶ㣬֮ǻǮ˵ʦĻѲ٣μɲܴظȹӡ
ܽͷе㵣ԼҵĲ
ӾǿĵǣԴģô̱ʯҲûʲôٹꡢʮ궼ûģ
һǮİ취ġܽգգۣĺܶҲԼĲҵɣһ·ģֻܲˣʦʦܹħߣҲ츳
ǵģϲġȳ°ЦͶʣͶ𣬽㣿¼һԽԽõġ

ҹܽѵЩ˯ţӴϷſڴ̨ϳ濴
ôⶼǺ̱ʯ첻һľɫ֮ǰӶǡ֡顱ʱȫû뵽ҵĲҲôѰ
Ԫ׽㣬㴵磬ĵ´̫ã㻹ǻðġħֳΡ
ܽЩû񣺡ħˣ˯ܾۺʱ㶼š
Ҳʧȥʶħ̧ۣҵ廹ûԨƿأһʧȥʶͻᱻĸס
ࡣܽٸ̾һ
ħ˵᲻õĻܻȽϰȫ
ܽ΢΢ҡͷڶ֮ǰ̱ʯ컹бȺĿܣְֲܶġ
żҲһ㡣ħε̾˿
ܽٻعͷѵ˵˵ɥħˣ˵Ӯ𣿡
ӮԨӮ𣿡
ͷ̵۾ͬıʯħͷ
Ѿܾûִϣˣ֣Դ
ܵġ
Ӯˣܻؼңӱޣеķ羫һֻ̣Ҫһ˲䣬ܵˡ
ܽ¶΢΢Ц⣬ڱ۾ȵ˯˹ȥ
ħһε̧֣ɵذ˴ϣ鷳ƲƲ죬ǸǺ˱ӡ
ҲѾܾû˵ֺ˵ĻˣҲǴû˵
ħ°ͿһԹǸ鷳С


29 ʦ
һ, ܽٵǰʦ
·򸾻һʵס˳ɫһЩɿˡ
ܽ, ʼħ˵ݰ棺Ȱְ뿪, ҾͰ汧ȥ˵ҪֻɰСè
ĺȩ̀۾
ܽӣǡࣿ
ħ׷ʣ
ܽС˵ֻô˵ѡ
ħһɰ
ܽ죬ħûش, ˻βͣҿûΪèǶ, , Ҵ»һῪǰӦҳһֵǮĶ
ܽٲ˼, ħҲǹڽҵ
ܸоֵطħչ˰
ħûѸл˵ڣһҲùԼôûǮûƵСѾͷ, ܵվ˲ɵô
ܽصͷ
ħôߵؿʼ컹ΪҪһҸһӣ鷳İ޹
ܽٵ飺Ҳûпް
ţħ̧̧ۡ
ֻܽóϣðɣʵͿˡ
ħصͷ
ͣ, ܽС, ʦˡ
ܽٴӳ⿴ȥʦ߲Զܸߣⶥֱ, ȥмƵζ
ܽͷԼ֮Ҫĵط, ѾϤĺܽС㣡
ٰܽڳЦʦ
ƺʦ֮һ, Ǳ̣ڷʦҲشһʿߣҲֻóˡ
֣ҿɲҵʦƺףļûһ𣿡
ܽٲ֪ŮôԼĽڣӱıƺǰʲô˲õĴ
ħľӦ˲İɣ
ܽһߺ˼룬һòػش𣺡ǵģڰѰҺʵס
ʵԸĻȫס˹ҵġ飬ʵ˵˹ʵҲмˣܲúͱ˵
ܽ΢΢ҡͷ̫鷳ˡ
źʼ磺Ȼô˵ǾˣҲʵĵطʱҺæο
лİܽòصлȻʵĺѯʣʦǣ
Цۣٺ٣ⲻǵǻῴصųų档
Ҳû뵽Ǽһ˶ûʦѡеļһ޲ȫҳҫء
˵ʵⷽȫһû뵽
ܽЩεɤӣô֮ǰ̷Ҫʦʦ̸֮ҲǳĿˡ
ȻٶֱɣɴŮУŬտ
̲ܽסЦЦصлܸлǰлĻһ̱ʯζ衣
Цۣʮصͷû⣬ʱҿҪúúͰǸϼһҫҫ
ҫʲô
һ˷ʦ֪ʱ仹磬Ҳ̲סڻ˺üȦò˵ܽˣ˳ߵſڣȻͿǸʡĵĵܵܣȻռȻδĵ̸
ֱӡ
̻ڻϽͣٺ٣ܽ˵ҪҺŶϼһôûķݰɣ
Ťһ˲䣬ܿһҲŲСң˹ʱӭġ
ܽϹֲʧòЦݣͻȻ˱§ЦеؿڣǿҪһҾʹǵС߿
ܽٻһǳŮԵĴУ
˵ͷȴȥͼңӻħſʼ
֪ˣֲǵһδѧҲ̫ˡЦҡҡͷȻζشܽ٣˼ۣ˵Ǹţһǵһμ˹ҵλôһˡ
˵᲻ϣ޽˹ң
ܽεЦЦƺδ˹ҵү
ʽϼģǶˣֻûĸעء¶˰Ե飬صشչǰүô
λһİүǸŶĻǻпܳΪһء
ܽεЦʱ̫ˣûҵ
˵ѡħĻشܽٵĻԣ㵱ʱһܸȤӵˡ
ܽټװûħָ
ƺҲǷҪƼǼү²ܽٽܣ˳һᣬʦ˳׶ǵŶûѰȥϾ;Ͳ
곤ȤĻҲԿһ£˳һᣬҲǵŶ
ܽ˸ۣȻԴͱͶµ˸š
°Ͷˣ
һҽС
ͶվݵĶ¥Ӹµؿǣ㹻㰢ˣ˳㣬ֿЦĽҾ㻹ٵʮꡣ
䣡ǶŮ񶾵䣡
ֻǱ飬ݺݳŶ¥ȥͶ˶㶼û㣬һȻؿǱ鱻˶һ׵ľ룬׹䡣
ڰⱾ˺֮ǰܽɵֽס
˿۴ηԵˡ
ܽЦеؿڣҪҰӻȥ𣿡
۾һӣ
ܽ΢΢˲ӣڰͶ˲ൽΣͼ֮ǰǱѾպݺײʯϡ
Ͷ˵ɴ۾
¥µİڿϧôûУ
ܽٽͣͺˣͶ˵Ƭ۾һ˻˵۾ġ
⵹Ҳǡϧص˵ͷȻܽٵļ򣬡ԽԽð˻ϲˣ
Ƣ֪أţ治
Ͷ˿飬Ĭ˰ΣѣǴЩ޹ؽҪµʲôʱ򣿡
֪ˣӦһܽ¥ߣһ·ʦĲ֣ǻõģ¥ǰͶ˵𷿣ѧ棬¥ǡ
ںͰͶ˲ʱܽòشкϺãͶ
ͶɨһۣĬĬ˾롣
ߺߣܽĵЦǶڻʹΪСС
˶֮ˬ
ȻݺҪѧϰ鼮Ÿܽڿյ鷿ĿصؿǰѳСɽ鱾
ħˣ֮ǰǲ˵ħѧϰõġ
ȡħԵ΢ЩΣûзϣ˵ǡô˵
ܽٷħҵѯʣλʦģ
ħֲ֪
ܽ̾˿һҳͷϵħʱΪ߳ɹʣȼַ羫ϲѬ㣿
ħ֪ħûʧܹҲûʲô㡣
ܽٵĿѾƽڷװο߷ϵħЧʣ
ħ޿̣ˣܸܲʵսѧֶú÷ħ𣡡
ۿħ˾Ҫ쫷ǰ鼮˺÷飬ܽɤӣħˡ
羲ֹ
ܽЦҲû취ҵվ˲ܰæͽҰɣ
ǰ鼮һʼѧϰ
ħһЩŤؿڣ㡣ȥ䣬ûղʲôö
ܽûлش
ħʼįٽһ䣺ι
ɵѾͷ
С
ܽ٣
ţܽŴ鱾̧ͷ
ħĹĵģ־ԼΪС¾͸һʶѹŭٴظһ飺˵Ҫȥ䣬ûʲôö
ܽŹԹԵͷ֪ˣôһ·Сģһ
šħӦһ
Ųࡣ
ħת뿪
ܽٴۿⱾϵħȫոմ·һ£ܾЩ֡


30 
ܽһ߷鼮, һŰµҵڼ伸λʦҲֱΣŵһȰĿ⿴һ, ĬĬ뿪
ҪĲ, ܽٻ²ӡ
ʦǿҪѧԱÿڣһҲֻҪܽϸҵҲû⡣ʦ, ܲĺܶ, Ҳʱʦ, Ͼʦ鼮Ҳǲġ
һ죬ܽѾѱʼǱ˴룬ӰŮʿûи̫ص
ȷûʦԺܽٵħˣ
ţħӦһ, һɢ
ܽٽֱͦ˱Ѿһˣ
ħЦһܰЩûõĶס
ܽپһֿ佱ֻ
ҲȫȻûáܽٷеǱϵħȫ˵һһϵ츳˳ѧϰһϵħԷһ, ͰϵҲһ顣
ҷֵͽ׵ħȽ⣬д⾳ġҲԪؾģ󲿷ֵĸ߽ħƹĳһϵ󡣡
ͱϵħ֮ĸ棬ľϵħҴɨɨ, ᵽɭŮ񡢴ŮЧõħᵽҽҩ֮񡭡
ħ˼ȻֱححЧҪö, Ҳܵõһ棬ʲô𣿡
ܽٵͷеķϵħûᵽšе㲻˼ɣʹǲ˽ϵһˣ˵ϵħҲʶ뵽Űɣ
߽׵ķϵħ, Ķ֮񡢷֮
֮ʹһϵħ, , ҵƿ֮¡ħҲԼǷˣ۾ȷʵ֡
ɲ֪Ԩ£ҵŴʧȻĸֱʣֲø׵˵Ҫұ񡯵ţԭ
ҿǴ֮ĸŮ˵ҲһСľʧ˰ɡ
ܽһƺһֻѾô²𣿡
ҲǺҹŮĶǡħε²⣬ǺҺܲԸǡթǼһΪҺǴټܡ
šܽοȻЩؿڣʵҵһ뷨
ţħеȤ
λҪĨȥڹĺۼдģȻ֪ܿšпܾλ飬Ҳһλߣܽٵ۾⣬ǵҸո𣿴ϵħĴħʦ
޾֮硯ˡ롣
ħζ롭
ܽ΢΢ͷȻʦļҲû͸¶̫ϣֻ֪ƺǷ硢˫ϵĴħʦʵֵķģ԰ɣ
Ͼ롯ǰϣҵϡ
ԭˡħϼЦ⣬ֲùô㣬ϵ츳ټǺͬ츳
ܽ뵽˸ࣺߣħˣϣǵҲͲ˵ûжˡ
ΪʲôҪ
Ҳǲ̫ϵ̨թĻô붼ֵֹİɣħû̫⣬ǵ취ӽˡ
ܽٵһʱ뵽˰׵µ£¶˿յɫԵĻ治λӳϹϵ
鷿űˣֱܽĲʦ˵šͷɯС˽
ʹϣҲԶһŮԸܽ΢΢ͷȻߡ
ܽЩȣɯС㣬Ҳѧϰ𣿡
šɯ׵ͷĿⲢܻؿܽ٣˳Ҳ㣬һô
ܽЦЦ˼ܶдöʫأҲЩĴħʦ˲ʫ˰ɣϵˡ
ħЦһƻС
ܽپӦĳֳޡ
ɯ¶͵ı飺ȷʵܶﱾҲкܸߵѧֵλˡҲǰϣҵĳλӣȻûм̳λڹ֮һֱҲ
ܽ¶ȤģʦҲûжٹλ˵ļأλ˻᲻ҲħʦһλľߣϵĻǷ񣿡
ɯһ£ҡҡͷöףȻĿǰ֪ﲢûз񡣡
ȻǷϵ츳֮񡣡
˵ɯСҲλ޾֮硱ҲǺ˽⡣
ɯײߣ̧ۣҲҵˣֻǶδ޵Ŷѣûʸ˽ҵ
֪Ļʰ׵µ£ں£㣬Ҳ㡣ҲԸ˵ôžһҲӴˡ
˵⻰˲ɯףܽٿܻΪһ־档⻰ɯ˵˵ôġ
ܽգգۣεЦһҲ̫λ³Ϲϵ
ɯһ£ȻȻЦ⣬ǸԵļһҲǺġ
ֻҪÿһŮҿûϷҲǣܽ١£ֻҪرܻĵİϷ
ܽٲ¶˴ɫɯС㣬Ҳܲװ
ɯ׵ɫЩŹ֡
ȡܽٲ˼ɤӣЦлĻһʵġ
򵥵غܽ˼䣬ɯ׾뿪ˡ
ܽٳ°Ϳ뿪ķ򣬴þղ
ιħЩͷ㻹Ҫ⸱Ӷã
ٺ١ܽٲ˼ЦǸҾͻȻ뵽ɯҲǼĳŮɡĸ׺ͲˣԲŻôġܾͻóŮ˵Լҵĵܵá
ΪŻҲ˷Ĳ£Ѿôصĵˡ
ħЦһ縺ŶԿʹħߣΪ˲𣿡
ܽ˱飬ĬĬ̾˿԰ֻԼҲܲװ

ܽٺ͸λʦ߳˷ʦʹǰ¶ЦܽС㣬˺үѾҺӣѾòˣ˵ھ·ȥء
ܽһϳһЩԾô죿
Ӧ˵ζ˴Ů̵ı̰æһж˳֮пգһҪúлл
·ӵλЩƫƧܽٵҪ˵Ϊ֣һƬĿΧ֡
ܽؼңſͣŲǻڲͣװŻ
ܽٴԤУʣǣ
عͷεЦЦ˺ү˵ȻҪңҲ˳Ѷã̱ܳʯ졣
ô찡ܽ򴽡
ץץԴͼοүͷһҲ᲻ģֻ̱ʯȷʵҲ˷Ĳ£Ҷʰˣֱ뿪ʡ鷳
סܽһԼ¶һЦְöҺΪ
Ҳǲˣڿûʲôɣ
ۣû⣬ڿĹС㡣
ܽ˿
ħȴҪ̨˵һųǿɵɵ㣬ɵѾͷ
׼ĻҲΪߡ


31 
ڶ, ܽſڴڣ첻ǾͿʼʰ
ֱ̫ſڴ̤̤ĽŲ, ܽװ˯
ܽ, ٲǾֱŶ·ſڣЦев
ܽװģ˸زȥסһء
·ڴЦ, , ɵѾͷ, ֮ɵһ˹ˡ
ܽپ˸վϴһ¥
ȼǰųţҲ˲ۿǺġ
ܽ, ֡
·޾ϸؽһעȵûʲô˵ˣͣ
ܽ, ¶Цݣ裬һչ˺ȵġ
أѾˡ
ǵģԼ˵Ҫ𣿡·ε˲ᣬԼҲգգ۾
ռ仹ټġܽȵĺ, ʱһһμȵĽʽ
˵һ, ӹҲֻһգ۵Ĺ򡣡
ȻҲֻ֪᲻ķռ֮ǰ٣ǸõԸ
ɿܽٲӾüŪۣԺĸۡ, Ҫúõΰ
ףܽٽ̧ͷ, ´ʱ, ׼ӵ׼õĽɽɽɣӾ£
ӾŶӹЦֳ΢Ծһ㡣
ˡ·ͻȻʲô̻˵Ҳһʱ䣬ǿԺǻӦȻ֮ǰЩĦҿƺǹϵҲ
ϵãǵݽ㡣ӣֹסᡣ
·Ц֮ǰȥתʱһ˵˹ɿүƺ׹˰ӣ֮ҲܽˣദӦøɰɡ
ף˶䣬˭ѽ
·ҡҡͷô֪ҵʱɼŰܽҷء
ܽЩȣ¶ЦǾϣܹóԸˡ
·ͷ˿Ůٴ¶Цݣһ˳ҵĺǡ
һ·˳磬衣
ĳٶ̣Ӿϣͷǰ˰֣ǳųƶȥ
Щӣô͵ſ
ܽȵļ򣺡Ҫˡ
̧ͷҲ˲ᣬڵز֪ˣֻǴŹʵӶˣûиǰŹأҴӦҪѧŴۡģ¾ͽҰɣˣ
ܽεЦôҲŰְôа
ٺ٣ܾúơȲ˼ץץԴ첻ȥʦ𣿡
ܽ΢΢ͷţҪţ鷳ؼȡ
ȾֱۣҰɣʱ򣬻ᷢۡѾȻһ£ÿһԿ˻µĺۼ
ܽЦҰɡ
֮Ҳܾöûܹˣܽ٣Ž䣬شԼҪȥźš
ܽ˳ëҲһ緹õˡ
ףҴ𣿡˻֡

һСƬֺɭֲ̫һƺûʲôͶϢû취еΧԵãͦʺһЩ˵飬硭ħı
ܽɱ֣һħˣڣǿԴԨĴˡ
ħ̾˿ʵҲûôżϢġ
ܽҡҡͷ·õ㣬ʲôطȽϺʣ
ô˵ˣħҲûʲôûʲô˿ĵطͿԣɡ
ܽս黹ûܹ񫣬˲غߺ
ܽЦˣǵ£һúܵġ
ƥšħе㸴ӡ
ȡܽٲ˼ץץԴó֮顣
ħָʾڵϡ
ܽ
ڴԨĴ֮ǰЩҪ㡣ħɤӣ֮ҳԭӦǼحح֡
һԪ֮λѾ֪٣Ҳûκܹصkһҳǿհ׵ġ
֮հ׵һҳҲǺãܹѪ֮
֮ǰ˵ˣеϵ
ܽٵɴ۾˵
ϸһ룬еģƽһ㡣һһ˳ҹǰʯȸְ֣߰һȥ
һ죬ڤڤ֮УǣǰʯǸ䣬Ȼַ˷ҳϡ
Ҳ˵ǺѪԵϵˣܽٵɴ۾Ҳ˵Ⱥŷˡ棿
ұι¡ħеŤΪô˵߿ࡣ
ʵҲûʲô˵ģڶԪնݣصϣʵΪԨ֡ǷԨ񶼿ȾڵѾٰȫǲĶӵģǱǸЦĹ¡
Ҳصϡ
ᣬͦεħǱ֮顣֮ȾϺɫ¸ֳൽķ󣬸ɫħƺɫħԿħ֣ɫħ˲乥ӿ֮ϸһڵС
ֻܽһۣ;𶯣·ߺ˼붼Ҫɽȥ
ħĳǰ𿴣ûԵѵ𡣡
ܽذŲħϡ
ħɺһ˿ʹ࣬ȴȻƽֻǾе㲻֪ðĺڶҪҵͽ鶼˱ᡣ
ֱӴԨԴͷֻ
ȻأܽһգգؿĲ
ħɫƽͺոֵʹֻܽٵĴûվߣǶں֡Ҿ˵ôһȥҲԣ㲻ܴԴͷ׽ܰԨħſڣٻ˼䡣
˵ȥظ֤꣬еĻÿԨ
ұҪȥģҳŷ磬һԾ£޴ǣ˵ǵҪǰԨħԥظ
ǰħϻԨȻ˷ӡǰǺеħһԨ
ԺԨʧˣֻżй¶һħССħ䡣ӽҲǸý֡
ܽ죺ǵġ
壬һǸۡߵһҲΪҵ޴
ħҲãԨҲã޴ĴۡЩҡҵԨķˣֻǴܵ񡣻㡭ħת˲ᣬѵطŻֻΪʱȣòϽⳡѵĵù
ģȵһнһؼҵġ


32 
ڵдӰ, ʲôŬš
ħܵԨӰ죬ڵӣе׼, Ҳܲôˡ
ܽһ, ˵ͷĿᶨʲôӣҶ¶ֵıģ
ħйصļ, ԨȾħһ, ӵмɲòȻħȻòƷ, ͲǷˡ
ǶΪ˱˶ǰԨʿòô£¶һʧı飬ĵģ
ܽٳ羴ڴĿ, ɫһֻǽڷ֣ţֻġ
ܽ˳Ͽ, ǶŽߵĺɫ䣬ʯۣƽֱļԼһſ
ܽٵĿЩ, λӵдͫɫӢ, еȣʵе
ħбۿ㲻˵¶ֵı𣿡
ܽٵıЩŹ֣ǡ
еһ㶼һ
λüͷļƣһԾححӵ, ͹ˮƤëԼǿȡ
ȻǴ˵еİ̬
ܽظ˿, , бħ˵ĵطģ˵Ԩħ嶼ôòҲ̫ˣ
ħһֱ۲ı飬¶ظı飬һʱҲе΢
ôڲþŵʱ򾪻ţɿĵط˿ɵѾͷﵽ׶Щʲô
ꡤ·˹ħعͷг֣ҲǸܽ˽ܣ´һԷšüͷôͳˣҲǸ˵ˣڵҪ˵ӡ
ꡤ·˹̫Ӧ߰գգֵۣǰǡþûиܹˣмǧ˰ɣ
գ˼ۣӦ֮Ų¶ǸȻı飬Ǹħˣո˵ʲô
ħ̾˿˵㣬ȣȥ
¿˿Լȣ¶˿յɫǿԣǡ
ħͷءһҲǽ̹Ǳħ𣿡
ħ⡣εصͷ˿ԼǿȣԨôãѾϰ߲ˣˣʵЩʧ񡭡
ȿȣܽ͵ؿǸҿǲܣȥ·
ȵȡס߽˼ٴеصͷ壬˿Űĵ
ܽεë飬Լˡ
ͷһ¶΢Цţܲ·˹ҵĺӣо񣬾΢һ㡣
ܽٵɫЩΣȻһŮмҲ
ħһ׳գ㶥ȣξ;ˣ
ԭԨþûбˣΪĲˡȻЦܽٵԴȻؿͳһСӣѣš
ܽЩãȻ֣һžһ鱦нָʯۡпǴӱϿĻƽװΡ
ܽپȵŴ죺ȵȣǡ
ļ򣺡·ҲҪǮưɣħѾˣǲȫ㣬ǮƷ档Ⱥϼһճ鱦ȻϹŶˣӦҲܻҡ
ħͷŤһߣװԼû˽Ľʲô
ָܽжӣ¼ƶʵ״ѾĶ𡭡ʵ·ġ
ܽҪܾħ˿ڣŰɡ
ðǰЩɽңܲڴȥɣ
ܽ޴ӷֻðЩ鱦ҷŽڴ
¶Ǹ⣺ôȥЩ·Եһ
ħû顣
Ȼܽٲת͵תȵȣħˣһ飡
ܱκζ𣿲ȱһӡ
ħıۿɼҧгݵؿڣܽ١£
ܽѸŤͷߴȾܣȥУ
ħĬĬսȭͷС
ˬʵЦβĶ΢΢˦ЦħάˣǸӣദúܲ
˵ˣôҡħɨһۡ
ӣǡԼãһǾԳơħ˺ܲ˼뵽ʱҺֵܽľܵʱҲԳħ
죡꣡ħŭصһۣ·˹ҵĴһУ
ٴЦԵܺãѾǿڹѪĶˡǸӽܽջ°·˹ҲѾ
ħŤͷֻ϶ѡ
ǵġ΢΢ͷ̳ǵʹ󵨡
ߡħӱһȻǻһȥݾӶӶ
ס꿴ħôҪħ𣿡
Īħػش𣬡֡
Ŷζܳ
ħֻǿϣ΢չһ
Ŷ¶ܳı飬ԭǳ𣿡
ħ۾ôĻԽԽ˲ˬء
ٴ¶Լ־ԵˬЦݣ̾˿ħԸΪġ
ϾΪ˱ǣôȥˣѾû˼ǵĴˡ
ħĿƽͱڹķ޹أûҪǨŭǡ
ܹ£ҲֲǨŭ֮¶αĳ羴ĿֿǴδڸҲһֱţ
һ꣬ķ񣬻ԨħԶͽ
ħ̾˿ι
ԡ¶Ц⣬Ͳض˵Իؼȥˡֻˣֽ֮ǰǶ뿪ġ
ħޱ飺սǸﲻæ
꿴Ļ¶ЦǱǸ鷳ǵˡ
ߣе֪֮ħתͷʮӲת˻⣬ǸɵѾͷҲ̫ˣܲںʲôʽɣ
ϾҲϹŶˣʱôϾɵĿʽ˵·ءЦеؽ˸Ц´ħһ飬˵ĽǺβأ
ħӶƵʽӲһ£װں˵ŵСӣûбѡ
ȴҹȥ¶˳򡭡
ˣħЩصгܷɶѣʲôֵģ
°ͣ¶ȻЦݣħˣ֮˽֮⣬ġ
ҲСɵĽǺϸβһҲ
ħŭع˷硣
Ϊ֪ԺжߣŸֳߴӷɱܽ٣ֻħԼͷͼٴ
ħҧгݣȥ꣡ҾͲһһ˵
ٰܽħˣ۸˼Ŷ
ħŭػӶ򣺡ҿħ۸ҵȨ
΢΢ŤͷϴźƵЦ⣺õģӣءҪ˵ħͱȽϴ˼Ŷ
ܽ٣
ĺв̫һ


33 ħ
Ƭ֮, ˳ħʹϿӵܽ󣬻ɭȥ
ܽٺػͷ͵ħץ˸š
ħɨһۣʲô˵ľֱ˵
ûУܽʸڷ, ֻǵһμħеѡ
Ϊ˸ͨ, ħԼɺͫ˸ǳɫ֪Ϊʲô, ǳͫɫ, ħϸĽɫ
Ҿûг, ϵʻǲݺԣ˰ͨˡҺʹܳĳӶźױˣ˳һᡰױݴħԼҪġ
һߵ棬, ҲϰˣǴº͵Ц⣬ǸĹӡ
ܽǣ, λصڵĻ¸ۡʱ򣬺ջӶǱ²ߴ
һ·¥Сˣں԰ǰЩʲôλǡ
, 治, о񡣡¶οɫʶڴƺͳʲô͸Сħɤ, ֹĶ
ܽǰһ, ȽܣλӶš, ħӶĪͿΪ֮ǰĦ飬ҾüʹҲȫעⰲȫ
šȺܿ챻˵ˣ˼ص˵ͷȷʵ֮ǰиλʿڣЩĻҲжڸ뿪ˣȷʵЩ׼
ܽ˿˵ĻǾӦûˡ
΢΢¶Ц⣺ҴסĪƽңڼҪŵĻһ𡣡
ȹɵصͷؿˣλʵ㹻ǿ𣿡
ʵѾǱȽί˵ˣԭλɲɿġ
ħ֮ǰ¶Ц⿼Ŷ
°ۣȻתץϵƻ͵سſ˹ȥ
ܽһ֪ԼǸΪļһҲû뵽ôȻɴۣûоѾֽ̧סƻ
¶͵ص˵ͷ׼ͷܲ
ٺ١Ȳ˼ץץͷķӦٶҲܿ죡
ܽε̫ѨôǸñ޵Ϊɣҿֱ飬ͰְѵСȮıֱһģһ
˿ͦĵģͲֹ˰ɡ
ܽٿħĪϲĸ䣿
ħɨһۣڡ
ӴڷɽȥҲȽϷ㡣
Ȼȴһ£һ˲ɫԵЩŹ֡
ܽٺħûע⵽ϸĵĿһж΢ЦŲ䣺ôҾסڽӽſڵλãǽܻίеʱһģһίˣһſڿԼˡ
˿ĿԴ羴ؿǺܿɿӶ

İһжŮͣܽæǰæźħķ䣬룬ֱһ̺ķ䡣
ǿƺë̺ݸ˯ʱҲԭӣĻһıӿܲǡ
ллǸĺӡ¶Ц⣬óȻɰģ»ѴѹģһŬƵġ
һλ׺ˣܽҲ̲ס¶Ц⣬һ£ǿ˿ڣҿһЩ𣿿
꺬ЦͷѾ֪㼸游ˣ˾Ǽˣôн
ܽٵ˵ͷʣе棬ʵǺܲһԭΪˡ
ˬʵЦǿʲôʵӦûֹЩɣдеħѪ񱩣ΪʲôȻԨħȴȻǡ
УΪˣħûʳԨǧ꣬붼ܲ˼ɡ
ܽĬĬͷЩȷʵʵģħʲôûͣЩľʿҲò𰸡
ħûȫΪⲻ֪顣
һº͵Ц⣬̾˿֪𣬼ǧ꣬˵ʮ£㹻֤һĴһļ˥
˵Ҳֻһգ۵ĹֻάһԨ̶̼ǧ꣬Ҳ⸱Ǳģ
ǲԨȾԲŻľһԨħҲûзǣԼԨͬȡԨǱ־
ŵ뿪Ԩص磬ŵԡԣҲԶᱳǵԣǻԶ׷Ҫ硣
ܽٺȻ̱ʯ죬ħһſڴڿֵĻ죬Լʱħ˵Ļ
ӽԺΪհҪǵһ̱ʯ챻յԨҲøΣǻؼҡ
ʱ򲢲ڸˮ˵Լ£Ҳȷʵôġ
̲ܽסЦλʹšħţҲิ𡣡
λ˵˵ֻŶգգۣձԨȾǶʱ䣬ȷʵ൱£ͺǡħԡ͡ԡͬʱﶷֻܾԼܵؿơ
ʹڣżҲ¶ħһ档
ܽЩȣƺûǸģ
ΪŵСЦϾλˣǰǺβͶû¶
ţܽͷʲôǺ͡
Һħ˵ˡ¶޺΢Ц꣬Ҫħ˵ŶħԺԭ׵Ⱦڣ൱ɰĽǺβŶ
ܽٵһܣԭħһֱû¶Ŀ
ԴȺϼһǷծҪǳʵЩ˼ǰúչˣӣеʱֱŤʵλ񣬼ʹΪħǺϲࡣ
ϲࣿܽٲŷԼħ֪֮٣̲סϣٶ˵һ㡣
¶ɫλˣԶŵʱͺϲࡣȻԼ˵ϲèϲһģֻǴʱǲѣ͸߸ϵ񶼲һ
ֻλ˻һμᣬļ򡢾еΪ˳ΪѡҲֻװή𷣡
ܽΪȻصͷظ˿ӦΪħľǵλ˻᲻ʲôΥµ顣𽥷ˣǱ˭ô˵Ժ޹˼ˡ
ΣҶվħߵģ
һΣԲһ˱Ԩˣ
Ȼߴ㣬ҪӰѾεЦЦħı廹ԨڰȫԨ֮ǰǲԸ뿪ġ
ֽٵһ̣Ԩͬʱʧ޴Ӳ²⣬ʱԨķӡʧǡԨһʧֻȡֽ֮ǰȫ뿪
ܽ˵ͷһᾡģ
ĺǣܾЩ΢΢ۣԭΪǵηԨͿ԰սһ
Һܸܹæܽ¶Ц
Ϳ˵껰ո߳䣬ſڲȣ㡪
ֲܽԤС


34 ħ
ܽǿһݵ΢Цôˣ, ʲô𣿡
ȻһϻԼ, ǰ, ޱصһ裬Ƶܽǰ
ͻȻڳһôʼƣܽҲֱͦ˼, ˴, Сʣô˰, ȣ
ȳ㣬ȫͬҪҸӶǡ㲻һеֵֹ𣿡
ܽһ, ɣȻǿʲôǷ˺ô󾢲˵ħҪڣȫɿ, Ϊոһ㶼û¶ڡ
ȳվʹļ׵ؿڣ㣬ôԵ㶼ûзǳҲ̫ÿˣ
ӵ, ͬʱ, ôͨӶ˵ĸҵүΪ˽ӽװӶ⻹ֻǰµİ汾˵ı汾, Щ˵ļ
ܽٵı΢, °ͣ, Ķʲô͵С˵
ʵش𣺡ҳֿ̫սǡҵŮˡ
ܽٶ˶üëͦḻġ
ȡȱҲмֵ㣬ǹ˵աԴҡҾùķչҲпܵġ
ӶֽʲôħͲˣ
ȡܽεɤӣ㵹û뿪ڣǿɿˣǷʦҵʦҽܵӶš
˵ǱôȽʹŮ̻ϵҲǸ⣬ǰŰɣҲ˼ȥʡ
𣿡Ⱦȵصɴ۾
ܽ΢΢ͷܡ
Ϊ֮ǰĦҲǷʦˣʦƺҲԼĿҵʵ㹻ǿ֮ǰȱҡ
λ˵ĪʵǸ˲ķʦŶ
ܽε룬ԼƭԽԽˣɹСƭֻ֮ңҲûа취ûԱóȻǣִ£ֻΣաֲħֱӸʹħ츳
ܽͻȻ۾һȣƽûµĻ͸ſѧϰһɣĽܲģ
ȴӦƺܽٵ˵ȥһĵ׷ʣǣʦûǷ˼𣿱ϾܵλӶôò
ܽεط˷ͷС˵һѾˡ
Ⱦ죺ңҲ룬һ˼˵ã˵ĸ߾ʹòʲôġ
ܽĿ⸴ӣǡ
²ظԼ¿С˵ǡҵŮˡڣ˵ʱһλƽҵţҲڰ̻Ķֹϵܣ֮ƺϲָֻŵɷϵԺȥסԼ˼Ưġ
ܽپеЦȻͨ
Ц˵ҵŮ˶Դ˺⣬ٵطų˵ҪȢŮļһ࿼ء
ܽٲ뵽˰ᣬολʦԸĻ˵пأ˿ڲ衣
ܽ¶Ц⣬ҲٺЦŴչ㣬ãĪĸȽϺã
ܽһڲֱ˳ȵһֵذסȵļ򣺡ȣܶԿȿȺſ뷨
ȿȺſʲôʵ¶ı顣
ħ
ܽźֱô˵һȣȻᣬʵѾˣΪĳЩҪ뿪Ӻͺӣġ
Ҳ˿ֲÿôᣬȴֳء
һλĪأҲ𣿡
ӦûСܽٽʾֻ֭ܺǵؿڣǣĪһйµˣЩиҪҪ
ԼıͽԨȳٱ֡
ߡ°ͣЦЦҲô֪ʦôľͺˡأȫõģ־µòͣһǸϲһ㡢һġ
ٺ٣ҳֿ̫̫
ܽΣյ۾ͣ´εһħ̫ʲôˣʲôĻڼ֮ǰ
ܽٴΣյ뷨عֻҲ˵ʧŶ
ף¶ЦǽõĻ
ܽŷĵվȥð￾СӦÿ˰ɡ
ֿ˲ģʽְ費ڣҲ̫ܳŶ
֪ˡܽεػش

ܽħķ䣬º͵Цոճ¯СƵǰ
ħͷһۣһɨһָۣèι۹⿴ҡ
ûܽЦس°Ϳֻ˵һЩ飬ܾ
ˡħһΪôľ룬ǽʲôܹӹҵĶĿ𣿡
ܽӣ͵͵ħβͺͽҲˣ
ܽѸ£һź͸С⣺ǸΪ˵ǺܿɰĽǺβͣԡ
ħҧгݣǸһҹȻӦðӻԨ㲻󣡡
ûаܽŬɴ۾ԼԵʮϣȻĿֳؿħͷ
һԽǵĻʲôġ
뿴𣿡ϵģħûŭվߵܽǰӸµش
ܽٳʵص˵ͷ
һ޴ĺɫչħֳĺɫëܽٷ·Ӱ
Ŀͣħͷֲɫ¿һ
ϸġй̵ĺɫβͣСͬеĺڽǣܽǿԼסһ뷨侲ܽ٣ħǿѹŭʱԲܻϽͣ
Ȼħͷɺ˫ܽ٣˶û˵һʱԵЩ졣
ܽٳſڣҡҿˡҪ𣿡
ħۣšһ
ܽɤӣȣȷʵǡܿɰĽǺβأһ㶼£
ħʵõĻŵģ
ŬħѶϢȻħսȭͷβͶԵЩӲܽ١£
һôʱˣΪʲô
ʲôпɰʲôпɰħŨĺŭķ죬ǳôʲôѵսʱҪͷ𣡡
ܽҭһ£һ˵Ӧòᡣ
βأβʲôβһӮûβ͵𣡴β͵ľһӮϸβ͵𣡡
β͸ûã
ܽٴ˰ΣȻһħΪʲô
һֿؿڣ˧ġ
΢΢ͣ͡
ܽٽóγ̱ͬʯ۴羴ؿħС͵ĽǺϸβͶ˧ģҲ
ħ
ħβͿɵش˸õȦ侲Ƭ֮һ˭ں¡
ħλϣһģ㲻İš
ܽ٣õģħˡ


35 
ڶ, ħܽΪ׼·ȥʦ
⿴²˻ΪļҳɫĹ, Ȳɵٴε˽㱻Ŀԡ
ҲҪ, Ӷһȥƽסһħ˴ƺиӶۼľưɣ˳ṩһЩίен
˵, ܽٺħı, ӽƽ񡣾˵ħοǻķչ·, ܽЩ룬ðλܸɵʥƺܵħϲ
ĵٻڷʦǰͣ, ܽŤͷӳ￴Ͱʦ̸Ŧʥӡ
ħƺȫûע⵽һ˳Ҫǰ, ħɨһֹԭأħ֡
֣ܽɵҪת, ܽٺȻס, Щŵ˵һ£Ī
ħüë˿ܽ֡
ܽƺȫûʲôԣЩУ͵ͿˣĪһкܶҪɣ
ħҲûʲô
ܽپôŲת, 뿪
ħ۴һ, Ҳûж˵ʲô̫ɽ֮ǰ, Լܡ
סܽٹɴӦ
˿ԼĻʲôԵħسһ뿪
ܽ˿ԭʥ뿪ԺٹȥģԷѾ¶ƵЦһͲߵļơ
ܽȲ̵Ų˹ȥҪʱ¶ϲı飺δˣʥ¡
ʥҲݵ񣬲֪ôͰڳһļƣ㲻ؿڣŦͺˣܽС㣬ڷʦѧϰϰ𣿡
ұܼû뵽Ȼļˡ
ǳϰߣڿǷʦܳĺӣܽٿ֮ǰش𣬻ܽټ˼۾֪ǶЩʲô
ǵǻҲܽ뷨ڣߵĽ̻ᣬӦŦʥӴǻˡ
ȻŮ̱֮һĸ˹壬⼸һڲڽ̣󣬵ռ
ạ̊́ԴŦʥӺճڴûйݵƽ񣬰Щʮһ붼ạ̊́ʣµһ룬Ҳ̻ʲôӡ
ÿǻ̽շʦѧͽʱ˿ģȹǵĽʽҪ֡
ҺŦʥҲûж˵ʲô΢΢¶Цǣô֮Ұ񣬾Ͱзʦλһͬˡ
ЦشӦ˵˵
Ŧת뿪ǰصؿܽһۣЦҲڴܽСķϵħ
ܽٴеۡ
Ŧ򣬰ʦ޵ĵܽٵļѣǻ̽ʥŦͷſɹδļԶȲ
ֻҲҪСġ
ܽɫأס
ֱһ㣬Ϊ˺׺ӺҲʹѣֵħôأ
Ȼ֪ܽΪʲô˾ʶǶ̬ȴΪͣܺã
ܽԴ𣺡ʥӸղ˵һִΪʦ̻ĹϵǺܺá
Ͼ̺Ͱ쳳ܡ
Ҳ˵ϲá΢ЩΣҲûжܽٲҴţֻǷʦְڣ¶ǵѹڵʦ
ĸʿӦףżҲ츳ڵƽʿսʿ֣ʷЩ͵ķʦȴ
⣬ֻб̻ƽӡҪѹƵģҲһˣְڣϵǻЩ΢
ܽ΢΢ͷħ츳ͺõģʹӵжԪ׺ûһλʦ̵ħҲֻرȴûԿס
Ȼܵ죬ֱܹʹԪؾģֻе⡣
ħҪϵͳѧϰһͰѺܶƽ֮ˣοֻʹõͽħķʦʵսҲһսʿ
ûһƽûǮôһꡢʮŻлر޵׶
ܽٽ뷨ʦڲλʦ棺ǻӦҲѹƵĶ֮һǵλʥӣò˵λ츳ڵˡϧĳ
վڶ¥İͶ˽˻ƽƽĺѡ̻ѧϰħҪĨȥԼϣȫȫϢ̷˵һֻҪһңʥΪ츳ڣ񸸽ĸʮңԼ㵽ڣ￴ˣǻڱֵʮҵġ
̲ܽסššüͷ
ܿǵĻ⣺Ƕֿ̱˽⡣ûʲô˸ҵ˵ǹ壬ڶ¼ſҲᱻϳζѬˮ
ٺ٣ĳλ޴ǰ֮
ͶɨܽһۣҲòɢͬģĴɲ϶١ǡֵʮҵġǡǡԺ󵫷ô㣬͸֪ڲسЦľλʵˣû˻Ϊҹˮ
ЦشչȥһԷһˮģҲĻ
ιιվ¥̽ͷϿΰɣǲǸðҵѧˣȺһﻹĵʲôʱ򡣡
Ͷ۾ħϽ̲ʲôҲѧǿһĹ淨ѡ
°ͣҾǴˣܽٸѧʲôˣﱳлǷ滭
΢΢ҡͷѧϰʵս
ףô죿¶˾ȵı顣
ɫأλʥǰǲμɢҰޣ˵ίУʵҲǵķʦ顣
ܽЩ󣺡˵ķʦ飬ΪʲôʦҲ룿
εЦЦкܶԭ򡣡
һǻ̶ҵķʦʾѺã˫̽Էʵ⡭
ʦѧԱ̫ˣҲ֯ĻͶޱذѰ˼˵Ļ˵˳
ȡ˼ɤӣ󾫲ڶ࣡ܽ츳ôɫĺڣһҲ·ˡ
ôûô죿˸ʵʵ⡣
°ͣţǾħȥһ߿һʩ
һЦ˳óǺϣܹǻǰһˡ
ȣʱҲдħʩģö˲ҲģǱ˵еʥ֮顷
ܽٵĶ˲
˵˵еĴܵʾģ¼Ǳ飿ʧЦǲǴ˵еĶôĴڰ
ܽٲɫģȻܹ֮Ӧ൱˲ĶȻû뵽Ȼйϵ


36 ħ
״ܽȥϰħרõķ, ӱرӹ̹˵ÿλʦķʦ, ҵ䲹һǿķ
Ȼô, ȻңԶʱǰǵķɿʱţҲֵס̫ǿħˣֻûʲôġ
ܽӶ֮, ԵЩ겻, ȴΪǼʹħ, Щš
°ͣԼҲóǰ
Ц˵Լѧϰħʱ飺ѧϰħʱ򣬵ʦҸӦħԭҶĲɣһֻ֪ϵħ, Ͻʩħ˭֪˰ٰʮҲûзӦǵѧȫγ̣Ҳϰ˺öβûħȸ³ɹ
ܽٻع, ̲ס¶Щı飬ٰʮζûгɹͨҲ츳Ƚһ˰ɣֲħҪʯ
ף
ͻȻСе˲ˬô¡
ܽٺܿԼ, ΢Ц˵һȡĽѵ, ѭǰ˵ľùϰġоḻǰ̵ĻʹһʼʧˣҲܻĵġ
ص˵ͷոյӦǴ
еƤܽ, ֪Ĵ󲿷ַϵħ
۴˵ԡ
Ǵܽгһ, ֱ׾ʹħж, ȻͨԪصĴһԼĽֳɾ͸пǼΪѵõģ
ѡ򵥵ķһֹ˵Ĵ΢Цſʹŵķʼɡ
ܽٵͷȫϵħ֮ǰʹſһ飬ȻûбһȻɫŹֵؿ
ܽٲԵػعͷſ͵͵ԴֱڰͰ
ˣĿԣһʱЩΡ
Ƕλŵħ츳Щ棬һ𿴿𣿡ͶޱƿţͰһ˽ײײػվ
˼ӣظԼɣǶԷʦδĹġ
ҲҲǡٺЦ͡
˭֮ǰĵ˵̫˿ѹ̫ġεҡҡͷܽ٣ģǽǱߴ򡣡
ܽٵ˵ͷɵġܵһеطķ簡뻯Уɨǰ·ϰ
شķ˿ȹڣóķ羫ȫ෴ģһɳ۶ķУǷһĺХηӭŷʦµǽײȥ
䣡
һ죬ʦԶҪ˵סĳĴˡ
ʲôˣ
ʦ˱ը
ţʦ˸󶴣
ȥʵ׷ʲô
һʱ䣬ٹҵ˶Ҵææظϵ˷ʦǰ̽ϢȻʦǰȴ׷˽ȥ
Ⱥ궯ʦڵļλʦ˾þõĳĬС
ɫѻ˷ʦˣ̽ͷ̽Եشŷʦ棬ɫͫʵתŷһС
ܽٿ۱ħ俪˿̷Ԫؾ鳩ͨشĴ󶴣ͷϹһ亹
Ȼ˵ˡɨһϰֻһ㲻ִеô׵İɣʷƾõķʦһǽ
Ի¼ڵĲ𡭡
ܽ͵һۻڻеļλʦ
ֻԼĴʱʧȥ˼Ĺܣ죬ʶԼʹõĸ˵˳ҪħĳɹʣԳźԪؾ齻ܹͨǵ˼ɹʺ͹ȥͲͬնˡ
ܽĵص˵ͷ
عûȥǽڣܽٵļ򣺡Ԫص𣿿һ£
ܽԥſһ۴󶴡
׷ʣô
ħ˵ˣñչ¶Լʵ
ܽʵڣǺܸˣƺϣٿǣ
Ŷΰķ羫飡¶̾ԣ
ŶܽѧȻǸܵʲôʶһʣηķ羫顣
ֱǻϲݡ
Χ˸תվ̨۵Ĵ羫ԼѾ׼ˣֻҪܽһ£ʱս
̲ܽס¶Ц⣬治ħµԪؾ飬ƺħҲмء
ۿɼı仯ˣͶ˳Ĭ˰ΣЦһƵƬ۾ǡ񼣡
츳Ц¶˵ɬ

ͬʱС
ЦĵСǰŻӣڵòȡŵķװ֪һλ壡
δǺƭ⣬ܴӶԷϺݺһʣ
һѾľħħߵݸԷ컨׹ԷҲʮָȤؽˣͻȻǶ˻һĻվԭһˡ
СϵЦ𽥹Ҳסˣźһ

˼Էһ㷴ӦҲûУСģ˲ͻֲ˰ɣҪˣԷȴͻȻŤͷ
Сߣ㱼ƺһĺ⡣
СͻȻһ£Щ͵ؿڣôˣ岻𣿡
ǣ΢񡣡ħ˵ĵߣù߳ĵ˵ҼҵСʲô鷳΢е㵣ģ
Ӧܴáո˵ʲôţ
СӦ˵ʮϡеħߡ
šħϵصͷóħȷʵ

һߣʦǰ
ǰ̽ϢԽԽ࣬вҵĹܼҡְ𲻸ҿţҲЩмܲס
վǰǰҵĹ£ŵЦݽȰ˵λǽȥɣһķʦʲô⣬ɲ˰
ͬһĬ
̾˿ٴ飺ǲȥλȥʦڿ׷ʲôϾǷʦǵİȫΪȡ
ǶһۣЩҡ
˵˷ʦ⣬κ˶Խ뷨ʦЩһķʦǳʲô¡
һ⣬ٽؿڣȥߵߵأǰҵİСҲ棬ʵǵİΣʹƽգҲǿ뷨ʦһİɣ
һλƺڱ˵ˣҪ˵ʲôȻȺдһΪġÿ
ò˵ǰ˵Ĺ¶ãҲ֪ļҵôǣתͷȥʱѾѸϵı顣
˵һ̣ޱԼû¶κβãòصͷóԼλá
Χ˺ĶһޣʦǰȺͬˮ˿óһͨ
׵ûзָһߵ˷ʦſڣۿ˿Ǹ󶴣֪Щʲô
Ťͷ̧̧°ͣÿ


37 ʧ
°, һ˿⣺¿˼ˣǻȺһһġ
Ҳššüͷ¸Դ, ܾҪʦƽѧԱѧҪ󡣡
ǵ, ܽڱؾŵߣȻûʵʩ󲿷ֹ嶼Դ˱ֳ˿ܣɹ嶥˵嶼ûԱ̬
, ĵȻЩ, ڴһǺҹ˵ġ˹ԼҵĽ̻, ȴûʲôŵҰģ֮λʦλҲ̬ȡ
ʣҡڲģȻҲֻаһˡ˱, Ҳ̫̫ŸɣֻǵµĹȺ鼤ߣܵҸ˵˵Ľڡ
귨ʦֻһѧԱ, ٲеƽûѧˣǸýڡ
ܽٵĳðϣϲֳϲܽô츳˵ڣֻҪ, ǰ̻ᶼʦȺ, ߽׺͵ͽ׵ĲԶ蹵
ǵǡܽڣǸнڲԸƽ뷨ʦˣ׷׳ֻйӵ˳ڵħ츳Ѫ
ڻӾǰǸƽ, ҶĬص֪
ͶЦһ, ûλͬӣͬƽѧ, ǻƽ֮еҲδõˡ
ˬػ²ӣܽ٣ʱǻЩһÿ
ҲôͶ侲̧̧ۣҾûбҪһʵţҲֻδɵš
ǲõģħٳɵģһħߣ١뵽֮ǰĴŮܽ룬Ҳùġ
Щ˰Ļ
ۿһҪҡҡͷ׼ȰܣȴȻŤͷſڡ
˺һƿţӵ¡
˵˷ʦ⣬κ˲ܽ뷨ʦҲܽķΧڡңιĶӣſڵ뻹ǲΥ
ͨ㣬λʦҲû̫ȣǼֲֵ˸񣬻ʹ˸ɫôͯ
׵ư°ͣλ䣬ʦΪ˱ϣǣɲΪ鷳ŴڵģǵڸЩʲô
ššüͷܽٿ˵ͷҲӶཻûˡ
׵ӿܽ٣ι㡭
ܽ鲢ïؾһ߻Ƶķ羫ڵẉ̂ѷÿ˶Ƿ׷ۣװֵٴοڣʦҿƲסˣ
׵ӵǴ㵣ܿ췴Ӧ¶˷ŭ飬ֿߣһȻǰߵʵʵģ
£赲ߣ
׵Ҫǳ⣬ȫûע⵽׳ûӽһѽԼϣţڻˣ
׵±˺ϧؿ˼ϣ˲ͷŵߵ㱻³Ŭάϣŭش󺰣ܽ١¡
Ӧǰ鲢ïġߡ
Ӷ·£ԵغԺ󣬰عͷ˲ϵĴȻЦؿڣ˰ɣ
ҡҡͷٵһȻһ߷ͣˣҲ̫ˡ
ˣܽٵ츳£ȱ죬ȵǻ˵ѾȲǳԾıˡ
⣬˿Լĺӱ
˵Ƴһ۷ʦµΧȺڣ¶ЦЩҲôһ£Ұɡ
˸ָȻݵһԾ޴ˮ׹䣬µǿþ
ࣺλԶ뷨ʦħʧˣΣգ
ΧȺûɢȥʱ׿ôҴҴڴһ㶼ԾԼȵ棬ʮشһӳˣ
£
ӵ̴ǻŻŵӭ
һһ˿źƺڴ֣һ·úɯ׳ڶ
뿪ҲҪȥ𣡡
ӵǰ֮λļͳһ˲Ⱥ˵øɸɾˡ
ڹֻʣſսսϷҪģһ䡣
Ҳʵ¶׳ɫ䣬ö˵ˣһ壬ǻṲͬάϣǵҫ
һӰ˼زʵʾػؾȥһչ˺Ӻ͸ճĶӵġ
䣡
䣡
˱ϧ߽ʦ̱
Ҫأźƿڴ
ں̯֣˼Ҹûźӡ
˳ֵػص¥Ϸ䣬ѾͣˣѾܽƶɹ̫Ȳ衣
Ȱûʲô⳥飬º͵˵ѽ֮ǰһֱ÷ʦ̫ʪˣôһɹ̫ĵطҲĺܲء
ܽ˿¶ĵЦݣǿ̫ˣ´ҴЩҳɡ
⸱谮ŮģƫүүԵҡҡͷﻹаƽɲĴʦģ
Ͷ˿ǽϣ¶ЦݣǿһϷһֱЩļһȥμӾݳ˷Ѽˡ
лĳޡһҲĳ¶˽ЦݣһΪڸ涼Ǹš
Ͷͷջǵġ

µشΧ
֮ǰֻܽٵĸۡʹô꣬ķݿҲûʲôı仯Ϊô꣬ʱҲûзչ̫Ѹ͡
ֱŷԭѾôδԹʳװΡ
ǻӣϾΪ٣Զʷ͹ϵĴе֮
εҡҡͷ
ħϣһСƹȥʹǰ죬ŽȥҲѾۼ˲ˣʸļһͻȻ֣˶Щסߵ
޶ãƵߵ˹̨еų̀ĻĶŮʿãŮʿʲôƵĺþ𣿡
Χ˺Ц
Ȼ˹ŮʿֻǸĸ
û˵꣬ŮʿѾľʵľƱһҵ˶Էͷϡ
ƹڵĻЦˡ
Ƴ˿һۣҾƹݵܷɵԴϵĺþƣһ10ңҪ𣿡
ЦݲԴƷأ
5ͭһȷҲģջĿ⡣
ͷҪһ
ܽٸ㻨Ǯ뵽ӣ°룬ǲǸøʲôȥȻƽĶǿӦöЩˡ
ھƺЩţóԺģӦûǹİɣ
ϸľƣҪת뿪Ŀ꿪ѯʣʣ˵ﻹṩӶίУ
ƹڰһ˲סĶ̵


38 Ӷ
ǵĵⲻ, ţ΢΢̧ͷ˵ʲôֵĻ𣿡
ĹүʲôܰæֻҪӻ, ͻһȺūȿֺΪ˰ɡ
ɫ˾, ۲ſꡣ
үӦ㹻˽үˡ
겻ű߼ʵ룬ЦЦҲǹ, ҲǴ, Ҵӡ, ǸӶ
ɵشһߣ˵ҲӶ
εʼ磺ڸ嵱ǵﻹûʵĹΪʲôôţ
ɫѯ, Ǹûע⵽ƹȻȾƵĿҲȻ˹̬
һ˵ͷ, û˵ɲʲôϷ֯ҲӲʲôźĻơ
ϰ￪˿ڣĿҲ, ٴԹԴкź
ͷʾ⡣
, ƺڹʵҲڱĵطʲô˲Ǹˣõֻ򵥵񡣡
һƤëչϡҩĲɼ֮, ȻҲаɱָѶ, һ, 񽻸㡣
°ͣôڿѡЩܸҿ𣿡
¶˿׳յ񣺡Ϊһֶдҡڵǲǵڸ֤ݣҲŲɵ£
Ƥ15һţĻ20һţвʮһ5Լȥҿɣҳһɡлҽ⣬֮һıꡣ
ܺ¶Ǹ΢Цٴѯʣоǣðһ䡭Ӷסأǵõʵǡ
¶ʱܵõԼҪ鱨ȻλϰһͷЦһǸΪļҵĹүסǵõó֣к̷ܶһףǱӪסˡ
˼ô㳣סǲǿԼһӣ
ħʵܴħģʱûҺðŵסܲһȫܽټ
ӱӶšݾͺܺʣʹȻܱҲԵͻأӶݣеҲġ
ĲļҳߵĴү𣿡һݣˣӿǻᱻ˰ģҪ֤
ҪʸӣõŵӶϵĿ̲ס죬ΧֵЦ
ֻȺһοˡҲģΪͰյԨﶼǺˡ
ҲϸϸһЩ⣬Ȼ˵ҰͺôЦʵ൱ƣ϶ʱش

ħ׼ʱ̫ɽǰܽ٣ٴܽٵİȫʶ˿ǵǸոڴƾõķʦϿ˸ס
ܽٺħܽ˿ħˣɳˣҲΪ¼ҪΪһУҵĴۡ
ħЦһ֪˷ʦڷʲôȴҲûдܽ٣ô߶߶ؽŷ顣
ܽ˼ħˣ˵ǲǸ߰ҵˣܾãӵо˵츳Ҳ̫ˡ
ǰɡħش˸ǷͰ棬ӦǸ׵櫵˫ߡ
ӵľ˫ϵ츳ƺǽ츳ֱֿˣ˳㵣˺Ůְ𡣱ϰķʦʦʵϣӦҲǴŮͽ
ٴΣܽٻǶħھͽгŮΪϰߡҲŮľĻôڷʦͲ̫ĵˣҲԸֱӵ㰵ʾԵħߣ
ܽٿʼʲô
һͬ˼ңѾ׼ͣ黶ӭһƷ
ħʲô˵˵ȥһӶסĵط
¶ϧɫҲ̱ʯɫʳء
ˣ㣬˹ɿү˹ˣ˵ҪŰݷãҪǰݷ㣬𾴵Ĳˡ
ȡܽεؽõĴȤ˵ʲô𣿡
ûСźʼ磬ƺ˵Ҫ̸費˵ǻҾٹˡ
Ŷܽ΢΢¶Ц⣬㻹ڼǳȣԸ˼ҳԡ
ûһ㶼Σһжϻһ£ϲôϲһ£
ܽٷ֣ڵʱħ̫໰վĸĻ
ܽٵѯ˵ħˣ֪˹ɿү˭𣿡
ôܻ¡ħؿһۣҾϲСµļһ𣿡
ȻˣֻǾ֪ܽôش𣬵ı˵ǵġ
ħһûкľħߣ֮ħǲʵû̫עЩ
Ȼ΢һ¡
ôʱ΢ʰɡܽ˵껰һŤͷͿĿƵضǡ
ί򴽣㣬ʲôĻҲ
СӲܽЩˣ
ѾСˣȱʾ顣
˵δʮûμӹͻǸ̡ħҲһ䡣
ȴ˴Ī𣿡
ħɵͣһ£õؿڣ˵˵
ȼάŴ͵ı飺һҲԳΪࡣ
ħĬ˰ΣŤͷܽ٣ҿֱļ𣿡
ܽЩԥ𣿡
ܵģпܻɰ׳աħص˵ͷ
ҪȾֵرסԼԴҲǹֵⷢ 
ûϵħ߽һο㱾ҲôʲôӰġ
һѱסٰܽ
ܽһְһѸϵݵħǰȵȣ
ħһסȥ·Ŀ⸴ӵؿܽ٣ؾֹ𣿡
ȶ߶µ֣ҲѧܽٵӶһСţʵͽ˵ҡҲԵʲô֪ģ
ħһǰ£°ʾٰܽѳԵķŵǰ˹ؿڣȷҪ֪
ܽЩԥǵ˵ͷӦʱҾ;֪ġ
ϾǳϦദҪȫȷʵЩѶȡֻû뵽ᱩ¶ô죬ҾȻΪħ˵©졭
Ǿ㡣ħ˵棬п۶֭ţɫ¶ɫ⣬λĳȷʵպܲ
ܽһŤͷȣ־䣬ƺŵ
ȣ侲˵ʵλħˡ
ȴ˴СؿʣΪǡħӶŵ죬Աô𣿡
ħŵĶ˶١
ܽε̫ѨǵģħԨ֣˵֡
˰Σסܽ٣þ˵أ㣬ʦѧϰѹôûϵģ㲻ŷʦҲǵĽˣ
ۡ
ܽƺħûסЦ⿴ȥѸŤͷװûЦĸģ
ܽޱؿԼıá
Ҷ㵹Ű


39 
еĽû̸֮, ǿĪʵħ˿Լ棬ôŶԽĳͷܡ
ܽķػ·, ׼Ӵһõ˹ɿү
ĿԹؿվԼߵħΪʲôҽ͡
ħûס, Դǵ˵ãҶ˵ֻǸͻȻסİˣĻšǾ͸˵ҵĻˡ
ܽٿյץץԴ
˹ɿүˡ
ӴŮǰͨ, ̷ܽ, ڳһÿ͵̬˹ɿү, þòǸʵ̫æˣʱûŰݷá
˹ɿ˵ģҲ̱ʯʱͬˣƺҲԼ¶Ƶıʽװ, ڱعֺãΪģװ磬˲ٹ
¶Ц⣺, ܽС㣬Ҷ˵ˣڿǴæ˰ҿɲҸʦˡ
ܽεЦ
ð, ɵ˹ɿҲѾͬ, ۶ôż£µʱҲҪȺصġ
ܽٵĿץߵϣһżˣҪѰ
ȡ˹ɿ˲˼ɤ, ܽپһ, ž׼Ҫźˣ
Ц˹ɿ, Է˫հϣֵֻĴָȥؾһһֹĽģ
ܽٿ˹ɿү׾ϹԵĺΣȻһ̽ſڣǸĪǺϲλŮйأ
ô֪˹ɿүһ𾪡
ԭ֪ⲻһʾͳ
ܽϵ΢ЦڴЦĸ뿪֮ǰ˵˹ɿүƺء
˹ɿү˼ץץԼͷ桢ǵģȺļһС徻
˹ɿүվ꣬ӵһ嶼Բλ˲ܺӵλʣܾòͨˡ
˵ܽСĻʮǿˡ
˹ɿջĿ⣬ʾܽ٣ǸǿԵġ
ħվֱ壺ȥ¥ϡ
˹ɿ¶˸мЦݡ
ȻܽؿԽ˹ɿ˺Ѹٻıܽϵһöʯָˡ
ܽ΢Цǿźڱʯ
űעⲻΪΪͶ԰ԺܸȤӣ
ߣ
ħƺܵݵָǱСèҧһڣܽʶջָ
˹ɿѾʼԼеĿģûоٰ֮ľƻ𣿡
ܽٵı˼룬ȫ¶ˡ
һ˵ʽ֮Ĺ嶼ٰһƻᣬһԼ뵽ĴʹΪչԼҲǹɫĺʱ
ܽȻΪ˷ʦһӱ˲Ҳôذ졣
ܽԴĵһ뷨ǡֵûǮˣǸЩ
˵ΪʾòӦøеĴҶȥģǡĲ鷳ļһϺɯ׼档
˹ɿ¶˿յɫҸȻõоλʵҲûʲôҪٰƻᣬҲûжٹԸ
⵹ǣϾ˹̹ҲǰƽЩ۸ڶĹ壬ﶼǡ¸ӡ
ԡ˹ɿĿƣǴٰ֮ƻᣬȲμľƻᣬ˵лܹӴһЩҲϣǻԸǵľƻҲ˵׼
ڹȥ̱ʯϣԸǵİɣ
ܽȻʧЦȻˣ˹ɿүɱˣڵĻ¸ۡҲǮµء
ǱǮӾص̱ʯԺѾ̻ˡ˹ɿүɿ쿪ڣ˼ЦЦҸ׵˼ǣԸľƻᡣ
Ȼ벻ҪᣬǵȻ׻¼ȫܹƻᣡǣæɣܵø㱨С
ֻϣܰⳡͻذ죬ֻҪܰæԸǮ
ܽϵЦ𽥼˹ɿ˵񶼱òͬ˹ɿѺ͹ȥͬˣѾǸӱͷˣǻɢŽĴˣ
ܽٱһ£ô˼ǾͰˡ
˹ɿҲʮˬ졣
ܽʱͷϲŮʲôϵѵĸҵС㣬ϣȥμⳡƻ᣿
˹ɿ˸Ͻ֣¶ݰӵ˵ı־ɵЦʲôҵС㣬ĸǸои磬ûл̳оλӦǸ޾塣
ܽٵ˵ͷϸ˵˹ɿӦҲǸ޾壬̳֮˹̹оλλСϵĻҲܸԼĺһоλ
ܽЦЦһλС㡣
˹ɿ˲˼غǸˡǸ֪ܲĵһ֧裬ûԸǼҡ
ֻλС㣬ػӦңҵ貽ܲҿΪ֧ʦúϰģλʦһڿζҪң
˹ɿ¶˰յɫˣ˵ΪʦǮߣŻᱻǿ𡣡
ܽ΢΢ҡͷûϵģ˹ɿү˾ǵþ
ٺ١˹ɿ˲˼Ц֮̽Ź֣ҲһţȻ󲿷ʱ򶼲ܻܳԼĵ֮ġ
ᰡ¶С㡣
˹ɿѾȫԼˡ
ᰡ¶ţܽٷ·ͬܣ¶˶ʱɫȻȻһ
¶¶ܽٻϵЦ⣬ΣԴһΣն󵨵Ĳ²⣬ðһ䣬λ¶С㡭ʲôأ
ɵ£¶ɵ¡˹ɿүĿƣ·ֻ˵֣ͷȼܻ棬ϵؿܽ٣ǼҲСܶ˵ľƻ¶ġ
ҡ룬ܱλķĻһ˵ģϣܸˡ
߶߶˵ʲôܽѾ˳飬̫ܲˣ˵Ϊ뷨ĳʾж
¶ɵ£׵ӣɯסĵ뵽ͬһᣬĲһе𡭡
пֱӻ⡣
ħ̾һ˲ðСѾͷ
㲻˵Ҳصذģ˵ǳ˫Եġ
Ǿ͸鷳ˣܽĿ⸴ӵ˹ɿϡ
ǰСλ˹ɿүģȻӵİĲһš
̲ܽסȻ𾴡


40 һ֧
˹ɿ˱Щ, ̲סӣҡ˵ʲôܽС㡣
ҲûСܽЩε̫Ѩһ⡣
֪ϲĶǸ, ò
ܽٿ˹ɿү, ǣλ˹ɿү˵ϤҲϤҪ˵Ҳ㲻졣
̽ʣ˵, ˹̹֪λ¶С㡭
Ȼ֪ˡ˹ɿ¶, Ҹ׵Ը, ŲѡԼλ͵ļһԼоˣǼֵҲ޾ˣ׼ЩӾС㡣
û˼˵, ׻ĿŵСϣϾܽٵõ˹ĲλСͬʱ̳Ը׵Ӿλĸ׵оλ
ܽ°, Ȼ˹̹ǲ֪ģλϢͨ־ش˹ɿ˵Ļ롣
ô, Ӧûͼλֵܵ, Ȼܸ˹ɿүͦİɡ
ܽЩΣҲ¶˾ġ
¶ǸЦݣ˵϶Ҫٰ, ż, ҹҪзʦ, ׼
˹ɿ˵ͷ絷⣺Ȼ϶ҪԷʦΪȵģǲż
ȰһϣȻ󡭡
ܽ¶ĵ΢Ц⣬˹ɿĿǽ¶ɵСϵĻܵÿ˵˹̹ġ
˹ɿ¶յɫǣ׿϶ǿСġȻǼҲС塣
˹ɿү˼ҵĶӡܽ۴ؿĸϣߴߣȻϣõ档ϸоһɵ¼ң˵ҵܹ˵˹̹ɡ
˵ҲɵµĳĻǵĽ÷̻һƷٱ˵Ҳɵ¼ĳλݣͨǴ߷̻Ҳܺʹ⡣
˹ɿү۾ԽԽ˵Ķԣλֻ֮һܴĻһҲܾģ
̫˲ˣܽС㣬ֲø˵̱ʯ̳еĻһᷢչ˲ĺõط
ܽٵǲ֪˹̹˽¶Լôߣ˼ЦЦȻЩһжõİ飬԰ɣ
û˹ɿ˵ͷ
ǽڻ˽ϵġܽ¶ЦݣȻһ˹ɿүȥ˽ɵ¼ҵϢ
¶ɵڿķ⣬ԻӵķԷȻ˹ɿ˿ܻһʱܵ˺ܱһֱɱ˫Ҫǿ
˹ɿүܽĸͣʧҲһְϣ̫Ĵ
ߡħЦһǸƵóѵĺЦ
Ѿվܽٵ
ܽԼ飺һ˻ЦΪʤȯա
ħˣ˵λ¶С㣬Ķ˹ɿү˼𣿡
ֻλС̵ش˸棬Ǹʲôˡ
º˹ɿү裬Ҳ΢е˼
ħЦһ˵ʱ𣿽ʽ
Ǹ׳Ҫ㣬ʦļһֱֹӰˡڳҲλе¶СģǺɯ裬Ȼ˶ɱڵġ
˳һᣬȻϵܲõģ軹ǺĬģֻӲļһöˡ
ܽС飺͡
𣿡ħЦЦؿһۣ֮ǰ·Ϊ赸ʦֹһε㡪ܽС㣬һ㣬ҲĵˣҪôҵһΪҪˤȥġֻ𣿡
ܽصͷͼעǸû˵أᡭ
ħҷһ˹̹ҵүֻʽѣǳʽϵ¶ɵ¿ǱرģΪչҺͿĵҵӡ
ֻӱɵүŻɵ˼裬Ҳѹ֮˹̹Ҳܴˡ
ܽ°ͣ˵ǽʽĵһ֧𣬻˲ٹڰȷѪ갡
˵ΪʦĵʦֱӴˣڶûһ֧ء
ڷʲôħɨһۡ
ܽŻع¶˼ЦݣҾ룬һûʽĵһ֧裬ϰ˺ܾˡ
ֻǿܹȵԷĽţ̶ֳȵ赸ûбݣԼûжħ¶˻۵Ц⣬֣
Ҳûбˣ𣿡
ܽ㶣ħƣСش𣺡û֡
ǰִȥ
òЩħЦܽת˸Ȧ绶ܽٵȹڣǷ
ܽٿЦãħˣָ㲻赸
Ϊʲô㣿ħ֮ľ룬ܽٵ֣ŵ˶ι᳣Բ裬ܽʶסԹԸĽŲ
ħ֣һʿ΢࣬Ųڵֵŵӣ΢΢ͷ˵Զʱ赸ΪȡġתȦ̧ĳйɵĲΪˡ
ԣⱾһ˼£չôزҾò˼顣תȦʱͿתȦʱͿֻҪøˡ
ܽٲһ£̧ͷħĲطӦߣȻɿһֻ֣ͬС̤ŷԾߴ
ħֻ΢΢֣ȥκεط
ʽĵһ֧裬šĶҪ衣
ܽٲ²ħӦò֪Ȼ֪ܶ飬ֹȴûô˽⡣
ܽپұܡ

ħܽٲ貽鲻һһ̨ףԼķ䡣
㡪̨֮ϣĿԹؿڣ֮ǰ˺ܾã˵ĪħǰħΪȱԨ࣬ڼʱϣǡ
ܽٵ˵ͷǰ£ࣺ𣿡
Ŀĵؿ㣬ôħҲΪ𣿡
ܽٳĬϻ˿ɵĺΣŬԼȽ˵ǸǸΪ֮ϰҽⲮ֮ûٰأ֮ܵҪ

ܽٲ˵ˣðɣԼҲеǿ
ܽٵļ򣺡ûϵģ㣬ҿǺܿġ
ȻĪ˽СħĿ֯ǸԳơħĿһ˵ļһųǵ棬ǡ
ϲĻҲǲԵġ
¶ʹı飬ܽٲ֪ʱһ˲֪¶˶ôصľġ
ʵϸ°
˫סܽٵ֣һҪҸ㣡Ŷˣ˳ɲ˵ʲôħ֮ɵ
ܽ٣
Ӧãܽٻص䣬ûüɿͿԼ̨ϵħˡ
ЩȣħĵؿСħ֯ܿ𣿡ħܿҿƭ𣿡
ܽ٣
ħΧ˵Ļ


41 ı
ڶ, ܽ¥ʱ򣬿Ѿˣ¥ºһ緹
ȫûע⵽ͷĽ, ںͿԹҲ̸, ҵĶʲôҲ⣬ְҲЩġ
ħʲôҲ̫˰ɣ
пһͷ, ȷʵĻ, Ҳʧķˡ
԰ɶ԰ɡȰݽڵŨ, ҲôԣζŶ
ֵǻ˵ʲô桭
ˬʵЦĺ, һԺġ
ǵģЦ˰ε̧ͷĪѰ, ôȰȰ
š¶൱յɫɲǼ򵥵ء
ۿħŴ򿪣ܽɤˣȣϺ, Ī
ɫ, Це̧ͷϺѽħˡ
ħĬضŤͷܽ١
ܽϵ΢ЦŶħ԰ȱɰ׳ա
ħͼּۻֻۣпܡ
ܽϴʾܾпҲС
ħǳǰ³緹ʹ˸ɫ, ʾԼһлҪ˵
ܽʱȥʦ, ðĻ˵, ʦռĿΪѧϰħѾʹħĻҲûʲôҪÿ챨
ҲӻȱͷʵڼҺúñ
ܽپ緹ĽڣһţǰԼҸۡƬС֡
ÿǰԼСֻƵһȦΪܴӲˣܽΣԼȥܣԼƵּɢ
Լ˽⵽鱨Ѿų˷˵ԱߵӶţðϣĹүǮ԰ħӶŶйˣһҵͬͻ½
ʵҲô˵ǸطͻȻһ֧ӶҲͻأ
ħ˵ͷǾô
΢΢ͷסȻһ㣬ҲùյԨˣŴҶ⣬ƽǻӶίУһ»¼ҵĿ֧
ܽ٣ȣʵҲûز
ǰسǿĺӡˬʵЦħΪȷ˽磬ҲΪóͳ£밲ĽҰɡ
һ˺أ
ħ΢˼һ£ʮɣ̫ҲעĿ
ܽЩȣȻܴô˰ϾǴŮѪҺأһħ̺Զˡ
ħЦЦؿ˵öԣѪҺӵеȻˣȻԺ֣ŷʦܽС㣬ǽж𣿡
ܽ˲Ц⣺Ҿһ̫ˣ˵ȥҰ޵ʱʦƺѡһħߣħ˾ĸȽϺã
תƻͼ̫ԣħûв𴩡
ǿЩȣŮѪҺѾ𣿡
ܽҲЩãȻΪƾʦĽɫħʲôԭ֪ѾŮ
˵ҲҪħƤ
Ҫ¶˺ɸֵı飬֮ǰѾܶˣлĻһҪʵΪʲôӡԨ
ûбҪħ
ܽᵽһ㲻Ծζѵķӡ
ħ㿴˿һۣҲǽͣұضվǵĶ档
ֽ֮ʱ񶼽ȥдõĽ֣еĽͶޱҪ
Ĭ
ܽٽؿһħֿһۿ꣬ڣԳܣ
ħ￴ڳˣħѵǳܡ
ȣҪô˵Ļ̧ͷһֻ࣬ǵ̫۸ħĻûӣϾҲ⺢ǰҪ㡭
ҳˡħޱſ˳
ħ뿪ܽ˼ššüͷԥſ꣺£ħӡԨѵ𣿡
ӽı쳣棬֪Ϊʲôôң뵽֮󣬷мĨȥ⿴רλ˵塣
ħΪģҲôΪܾʲôı
ܽ°ͣԶʱ¼ΨһĴŮǵĻƺħѡ
ܽԼʣпܻ֣ͬıҪħ˵𣿡
껺ҡҡͷҾòġ
ϲ֮УҲܻӭǷʲôǲһֵġ
ܽٺܿ챻ô˵˵ˣصͷţҲôΪ
ħôϲôͬʱᣡ
̾˿ħƺܴһΪԼˣƺ̽ȥ£˵ĵõ֪Ĵ𰸡
Ѿѹһˣ²֪񡣡
ܽҲšüͷ֮顣
Ǿһʰɡܽ¶˾ģıôҳס񶼡Ҳħ֪ˣǣǵΪħֻع
¶Ц⣺ѽƺħء
ܽеЦЦҲǰɡ
ԸһиǰԨΪλԸΪܲ
ֻǱ˴˱˴ˡ
εʼ磺ðɣ˵öԡ
λҲ˷Ĳµ
ܽٺͿٴλصٰܽȰæ׼Ӵˡ
ȺʣεĿ˻˭أ
ܽԱ΢ЦŸεĿǴŮŶ
ȳĬ˰Σ¶ĳֳ΢ЦðɺðɣŮֻŮ񡭡
ǴŮ񡣡ܽǿ
ʼ磺ðɣôԸλδŹġŮ񡯣ϲС
Ӧûģܽ룬Ͼħ˶ϲ
ӷȡ֮飬Ϳ˻鶼Щࡣ
ǵһħڵ·Ȿ飬Ů񲻻Ӳɣ
ܽٹϸϸҳСڶʮһҳŮ񡪡׵櫡
д£𾴵ĴŮѯһЩڹȥ飬ԸǰƷһ𣿡
һдһСѯʿ꣺ôдûҸСдҲôд᲻̫ʽˣ
ϾҲ
ЦЦ°ܽħľ˵øһġˡ
ϻƿĲ廨һʻ࣬ɢŮӰƾճ֡


42 
ȻԼٻ, ܽҲû뵽ŮȻ浽ֵѸݡ
ܽٴһ˲žԼŮվƺ̫, ǻŻŵվ, 
ȡɤӣܽٲҪֵùڹ
ܽ˻ŵɫڳ˴ݲȵļơڿħľ, ðڳһӲ, ܸħ˶
Ů׵ƺҲǵһκӴ, ܽԼӣȥǰǸ߸ֱּġ
һȦѯʣ󡭡硭ȣħô
ܽٿλŮ, ȻƺҲʮֽš
Ȼƽһ֪ԷԼţͲôˡο, λŮȷʵǺܴ
һչ¶ԼĽŲ˵ʮֳסȿ˿ڣȫȨ
ܽٺͿһۣ΢΢ͷ, 㰴ռƻ¡
ȻһƭŮھθ, ܽذѹȥ
ħ˰ܽ¶˸ζ΢Цû˵ڣҲû˵ڣǰĲ, Ůһҷĺ, 벻Ҫż, Ⱥȵɣ
ŮĬ
ص˵ͷܽٶŵظ˺衣
㡪ȺȻӻһ߶֣ѾˣĿʲôʱ򡭡ף
Ů񿴵ͻȻֵķˣʶվҪ֣ܽٺͿۼֿ죬һһְֻļϡ
΢Ц侲
Ů񻺻˻ȥȸ֪Լ͸ˣҴ˸񣬲˼ЦһһΪ˻ûˣܳϰʳ¯СλˣܺŶ
ŮĿ⸴ӵؿһȣ΢΢ͷЩӲĿڣСл㣬С㡣
δ˵лĻԷ¶ЦݣܾƺҲûʲôֻҪû񿴼ͺá
ȷܿ뿪ˣЩֵ룬λʳڵСλҵŮʽƺûмѵǷʦˣʱô˶ûͨһ
ûȻְܿЩ׵Ժ󣬷ֻҪѾͺá
ڣŮС
ʳ
ƺùģܸܵԼͬԴǡ
ٻʳƽʳһҲûʳùʳ
볢ɡܽϴЦ⣬ħ˶ϲʳŶ̱ʯƳﰢƲƷ
ħҲԹ
ŮΪһ飬ע⵽˵Ŀⶼ䵽Լϡ
ŽʳѹɲһĴ󰡡
Ůѹſ죬Ŭάҧһڡģɰǵζ͹ﱾ𽻲һγһǡôζĿڸҲִ࣬ڼڸ൱º͡
ɣŮЩ޵롣
Ŀٴ䵽ܽϣصذٻ࣬Ʒʳ«ﵽʲôҩ
ȸϹƷȻٿѯԼҪ֪ģܽپܵϱòǲ֪Ůܲġ
ЦеضڽʳĴŮ񷢳ѯʣ൱żɽðǰΪЩҪ֪⡪ڵӡ¡
Ů̧ͷħ
ǿ϶䣬ʵǿôҲı̬ħӦòƭ
Ҳûͷϣħ
Ů˼ûʧȥ־ħħֱ𡭡»ǡ
ҼȻѾѪҺѡվħߣͲʲô뵽Ҫ֪ʲôֱѯʡ
õ˴Ů׿ϣܽ˿ʳԼһֱʵ⣺ܹӡĻΪʲôڻֵһʼôأ
һʼҶû¡Ů¶˻ɫֱɭŮΪ⣬Ԩħǰ˿ħһֱۣҿսʱϵնֱֹ𣬲ûɸµĺ
ħ֮ڴϣһƬɭֶħĳѨʹڣҲΣմ֮ɭ
ܽٵһ֮ɭĻ˵֣ð߶ٻȥΣյشħ˵ڣֻﻹвΣյħڡ
˼°ͣλɭŮ񡭡ûȫħ𣿡
ɭŮСãţǧʱ䣬ҽҩ֮İ£ٴӵŮšüͷɫأΪʶԨ˵ҲǸΣյĵط
񲻻ȥȫħħ˵ɱ񡣡
뿪˽磬صϣΪ˷ֹԨȾ磬նݡҲûз࣬Ǵħ￹ʵ
ǿзӡԨҲǲУֻƱػļ
ҲΪԼǣܽٴۣܾҲǲ⡣
ôһԱȣԵħˡ
ЦеؿڣΪ˶ԨȾӻ磬ħȴһʼû뿪ء
ĻԴ̣ŮҲûз
˵ʹİںħĶԿҲȻ·磬άҪħϻԨ
ԼļƽϣֻԸһǰάҲʧˡ
ȵȡܽٴ㵵صɴ۾ʲôʧˣ
Ůֻ֪ԼάסԨĴţκһֻħ뿪Ԩ֤ôУ֮ҲЭ
ҲûܵԨȾħˡ
ɭŮһֻħֱ۾һƬɭ޷ԨӰ죬˭Ҳ֪ħĽٴأᷢʲôΣֻܰһӡԨ
ֳ˾þõĳĬ˺һܽٲſڣǡħӡԨ֮űȾġ
ܣŮնؿڣŭ̧ͷ࣬Ʒ񣡡
ڱԨ˵ҲûʲôеƷ񡣡ЦЦɨһۣѾ彣ϣһת˵ô񡭡
ʾǱˣתĴˡ
Ůŭƿ޸Ļ֦賤Ȼŭ֮£ŮҲ뵽ĳֿܡҲάȾħ̬˭ȻŪ
԰ꡣ̧ۣܽûΪĵ־壬Ͽƺ侲ùͷˣֻԼ֪˿ŭ
˵ǵõʱЩ𣿡
Ůһ£صֹͣҡҡͷǸҹֻ֪ͣǲҵͽҲǵЩࡣ
ܽٴۣҪ˭֪ͺˡ
иһ֪ɫӿħ̬ܽԱߣѴŮֻһСȫԼǰ
ħˣܽû뵽ͻȻ֣һʱЩɣһֱ͵ɣոǽֻɫ֩벻ǡ
ǡħʸڷϣֻǴɡ
㵽벻֪డ


43 ı
ܽʵͽؿڣ롣
ħص˵ͷ, ɨ˴Ůһۣҫ
ŮһĪǸʣ˭
ħ̧ۣķ
ֳĬ˰Ρ
ܽ̽ſʣħ, ǲһȻλ֣һ˵, ˼Ӧöǽ̻Ľɡ
ħħ˶̧̧°ͣɾҵȨ

ܽӲٿ飬ûϰħɡ
Ů˵ͷǻ֪
Ϊʲô̲ܽס׷һ, ͽģ
֪, ǲͽ, п֪Ⱥ˵ħؿ¶˸ЦݣǺųȫ֪ȫ𣿡
ܽЩɻ󣺡ΪǶĳޣѵȫ֪ȫ𣿡
Ҳȫ֪Ůش, ǻ൱ϸģϲ׷ףȥȺ˵ݡ
ǺпȺҲûʲô쳣ˡܽٶԴ˲ֹ̫, ʲôֵĵطǻͻֹҷӡԨ˰ɣ
֪ʲôҲһ˵ħ̧ۣΪǸС, һЩڡ˲ᵱͷ񡯡ɵϲŻ˶С
ŮƺҲʮͬ, ˵ͷϸֲѧȫġ
ԣǿ⣬ȴȫƷ񡣡ħִܽǰùǱ֮, ػһҳҳ
ܽٲɵЩĽ, ħ˸¿, Լÿδ֮ʱƺһ㶼˧´Ҳô򿪵һ㣡
ħͣ˵ʮҳûñʣֻҳιķ
ûӦ֮һͨһûзӦ
ħһ㶼ԾҲµˣСˣҲᵱûġ
Ů΢Ҫȥ𣿡
òţ㵥棬һʳҪĶ˳㱻׳е鱨Ҳ̫ģΪҲûʲôҪ鱨ħ¶۵Цݡ
ŮĬȻҲûз
ܽٶ࿴һۣű߼ʵ룬ܺôħ˵ѣŮȻе㱿ӦǸܺƢɡ
ħӣͷ
һ֮ҹͣɧķװ֮黹ܲϰҵݵȥ̲ȥҲͻˡ
δáŮʵ˵˵꣬ǻľ˾ָʹùƭ֮ıأŭǻҹûг档
ɤӦûô󡣡
еħ˵ͷǾֻеڶ취ˡ
Цܽ٣С㲻ҪǻľߣǸʥһȥæҰޣҸᣬ£вķ
ܽ˲ԼļѹصΪħľӵħˡȻܶԲŦʥӣΪ˽ȥ࣬Ҳòˣ
ܽһϰһв˵ıģ
͡ħŤͷЦһڳҲ˵ġ滹ҵľ߱ȽѡͰ͵ͷ
ŮޱؿħһۣڮԼƷζ˿飺ħˣ಻һͰ͵ͷġʱҲǿ꣬Էʷ¼
ȻҶ׷ԶϾԨﲻϧʴҲҪԼòħˡ
һӵԼ
ҲŲΪòħݺݵӣܻô꣬ôˣ
ܽεؾ֣ѽǲҪŮ£ҪһС𣿡
ԣħܽ١
ŮֵصͷôͰǡ
ܽһ߸Сһħļ򣺡ǵģħˣԴҪһŶ
ħſ򣬶ͷһë
ͻȻһףܽٿ۴⣺ˡ죬ʺϴҾһֽơˣȥȽй
ȹڳȥعͷЦðóԵİɣ
ŮӰ̲ס̾һ䣺ľߺر𡣡
ֻǸյСѡħػشһǣһֽƣӡ

һž
¶ɵЩǱض㵽˽̵ֱ£·Ҵҵˣ̲סһװòС࿴һۡ
ߵŮСѣС㣬һֱڿǡ
ǵֻк;ޣɱĹ忴ǵƶˡ¶Сͬ侲
ŮţΪӺɯСС㣬ҪӺλĴС𣿼⼸Ѿܴܵѹˣƺ
ʹҹޱȣһҲ£Ҳ¶ɫģֲġ¶ͷλӿҲûôɵǾǸȡѡ
Ůƺ˺ģ׳ŵѯʣôΪʲôҪλ̻˹ɿүأɱӲԶˡ
ӵȨ֮ӵвƸЩҪġ¶ܻؿڣλˡҾòƸȨҪһ㡣
Ǹɵ͵鱦ҺϲɯԼϽ׵ЦһҪĶӰ
ȷŦʥˣ
ǵģŮͼش𣬡ƺǽֵĳƽ˹ֲΪҽʦԸæΣŦʥӾԼ
ôĵү¶ʵеϵıȴûһ˿仯ĵˣڽֱŮһӶģ𣿡
ŮһΪҳϵؿڵûܶӶġ
¶Цһ
һߣλزƽһںճҩڲƵ۾
Ŷǻ񣡡
Χ˲ɵ÷ϲĺȺҩʦ޲÷ۣŷҽҩ֮Ȼ˵λʥӸ𾴣ôû˿һҽҩ֮ء
ŦʥҲ˿΢ЦſҩʦҲлʴȣȡ磡
ͻȻ˸磬ʥټʧʱ̣ЩεӣεЦʹıӣҲ޷ȫⲡħţˣλҪСĲҪʪˡ
˰ʥ˸ɣһǲħҲСڵأ
ʥεصͷ벻ҪȤˡ
߸ϵʥƽ׽ˣΧƽҲźЦ
ʥ뿪¶ȴĽֵʱŦƳǼ䵰ꡣ
ͣһ¡
Ӧ֮ǰѾͣȻصϵʱѾż鵰ˡ
ŦεЦЦС㰡ȥһ˻¼ҡ
˸ͷǵһ߳յĴ¶СǵȲˡ


44 
㻹û¯, ܽپյʥĵ⡣ŵŮ˵ԷѾ뿪ֻ»˵Ҫڴ̨е, һЩٺʲ
Ŷ, λʥƺ൱óСĻء
ŮûκηӦؿԼеƣƺԼˡ
ħûʱ䰲ο, Ƴ۵, ӱߡһ
ܽٴͷɥħߣħˡ
ţħ̧ۿ
ǸոջҪץ, һ֪ظ͵⡣ܽصͷҾԼǸĻŮˡ
ħĬ˰Σſڣħ
ħľΪ㹻˳֮ΪħŮĻŮ, ⲻӦ𣿡
꿴ħԼĺһֹ
ħֿµ⣬ѭѭգ㲻, ǾֻԼ֡㿼һ£ֱӾûˡ
㶯֣סһ˵Ҳ
ܽٳĬ, ôﲻԵֺе
ܽһ, ߣӣһͷôȥˣħˡ
ħһ˲Ĵ㶣ʲôȥ
ܽȭ, ɫûԶ, вǻ񣡡
˵Ҫת, ħš
ܽЩƺħʲôҪ˵ġ
ħ̾˿Ȳʱٳ֡
ŶֹܽԹԻصǰ
ħĴŮ¶۵Цôೡܵø۰ɣŮ¡
ŮٴУʲô
÷ϵһӾͻᱩ¶ģ˶Ŀħ㣬뿪㡭
棬ٱڸµĸı

ܽԼլۡ˷ƽ˾ļ죬ڼ䴺ŮƼͼϺꡢǿħԼóƲƵܽӮһ֡
ȻӮӲֲ
ܽٶ̲סС飺ҪҪ΢
òšħؿڣ֮ĸһҹˣΪʲôϲ棿Ϊǲ
ϲ۸ܽٿŮùֵֹġ
䵽ĴŮȲüӦ˰æһǻʥӵҪ
ϵصڳſڣܽٴħһǰ죬ڵĴ󲿷˶֪һòڵĿӶȻҲ˵Էħֽѵ˼ʶ̧ٵļͣչʾԼʵֻ֮Ҳ˺ܶࡣ
ŦʥѾ΢΢¶Ц⣬ܽٽŵλʦ滹мλӶ˵ǻͽ֪ʥҪȥʵսԷǰ
ܽòкɫķʦǣǶƽܽĹʱٶЩš
ǴǶϵʦʹҲֻŦʥһһϵ츳
ϵ츳ȷʵټ
ܽٲվûãɯ׾ʹ˴ҴҸˣλ˵ͷǸһץ˲ʱ䡣
ܽ˳ĶĿ䵽һλŶñϡ
ɯ׸ǽܣŵˣͶ˵ѧһֱڷʦΪԸԭ򣬴ϳ
ʦܽһ˾͹ˣôŲģεĿĵأпĵҵĿɽɯױȽϤһˡ
ⲻ֪Ⱥʦ˵ˣǻһѧԱ;ԼҲóˣǾӲǰȥλѧԱ֮һͶ˵ĹŵӣŲŲŵ˸˳
ŶñĿĵضסܽ٣Ħû£ôҲֲϵġ
ܵԷǿҵԹܽӡ
ɯ̧̧ۣһֱڿ죺Ħû£뻹ǵӦû˵㣬ͲڴѧҲûܱ˼Ҷࡣ
ܽˣɯ˵º޹أĵֱͦ塣
ѾˣĸλûҪ˼ܽٺشһȦڲԶһ֮Ӱ
ޱٽסԼɳ뿪ĳ嶯ôҪҲּܰһɡ
Եɯ׳ص̾˿Ҳûа취Ǿͬġ˽ڣһֱϣܹ׽ǡ
ܽٳĬٴοȥһۣһȻλе¶СҲ˰ѵɯֱӴһĵ
ħְЦһ
ŵԼĶñλôӣ˵ʱע㰡
ôءܽٿĳꡣ
ôءɯ׸ظһ飬ͲΪҵ濼һ𣿡
ŵԵɨǣϿһ㣬ΪѾͷ롣
׵Ƶػεǰ˼˴кľٶܽһʮƵЦݣӴ㵹ǹηţ
ܽٳϿҵѯʣĿ𣿡
ӵЦݽӲһ£뵽˷ʦûвõĴ󶴡
侲㡣ɯְסһôҲǹĶӣҪʱǵ
ȡŦʥӼʹת˻⣬΢Цſܽ٣ܽС㣬˵̱ʯӰ죬Ұ޺һף
λǰķʦȣܽ󻹹ų|ǹ͹Եרҵˡ
ߵӶֵؿڣҰôܱȣ˵ˣοɲһҰǸ޴ģӵзצ˾
ڹŪ飬ԼḻľŻȺûôԶŵ塣
ĿǰΨһܵӰֻŵˣһɫؿڣҪȥɯףһģһȥ
ɯüëûһ£ɡ
۵¶С㣬ӵ°ڣСųؽһ¡
ӻͷһۣȻɯ¶ЦݣģϾʦɯСҲأһúñģ԰ɣ
ɯ׿ʮ䵭ػӦûʵҪΣյĵطܣǾûֹѰ
ܽپɯҪܣӵȻ⵱ĳơ
Ǵİ渴ӣܽԼĳ|ǹԺҲûлʹˣ˵Ҳ΢еˡ
˵ǶԸҰ֣ʵȫԵǳŴ档
ܽѯʥӣûңʲôҰء
ĳֲ˵ܽٵᣬҲͶʱЩͬ
ı˱ĺ塣
ʥЦܣһͷĸߴܡ˵ƻ˲ٴׯճɣΧũҲҲûа취ֻǻ
ɯüͷӦǵΡ
ǿǡþڿĵңĳλ塣
ʥֻ΢ЦˡƺбҪæ
ܰܽٵıһ˲Щ΢
òħ
ʥߵӶЦúС㣬ǻǣסǣǾʹħ
ӶŸ
ܽ˼ʣֻһͷ𣿡
ֻһͷҪһеѶȡ
ӶŻش𣺡Ӧǡֻһͷɣ
ٶ˰ɣ


45 
˵, ʵ൱ӽҲ·̡
ܽڱ̱ʯ죬Сûôμʲô, Ļɱһö, ˿һ㶼ûӰ졣ҪΪչ˵ٶȣӷɱˡ
ŦʥϻŴݵ΢Цյı·𲢲ʲôɯСƺҲǻ˴üί, Ҳо, Ҳֻƣۡ
ʣµ˾ûôùˡ
ƽӶƽҲûжٻ, ӵºͼŵŵˣѾֱˡ
ҧгݣǿǵҪҵҫһŬơŵ˿ɹܲЩ, ſϣ˵ڰ·ϣʦľˡ
ɯ°Ͱˮ
ءȿȣŵ˼ѵؿ, ٴԹؿ飬Ļģ
һߣ¶Сһߴһصݳˮ, С˵ȵˮɵ, Ҽݣܹ񡣡
ӵµɫ΢ÿ㣬ɯһӹ¶ˮһڡ
Ȼ֪ʱӦö࿴, , ܽٻ̲סƳһ, ħˮסߣޱ˵ˮ
ܽ˼ʵʵջĿⲻȥҿܾλ¶С㣬ƺҲƣֻװʾ
ɯѯʥӣŦ£ȻܺܵţҪȥûĵطѰټ𣿡
ʥӵ˵ͷ΢һ£Ե㶫֮ȥѰټҲÿ춼֣ûҵĻǾȥϵǻסһ
Ϊ׷Դӹ۲ϵķ֣ǡܽٿ˿ΧˣȺĹǰ˵㡱ʲôģҲ̫ʧˡ
ǵûж졣
ʥӵĻӶһʱ䷭ǿɲôעһԼƨһ߱Թʥ˵ƥʱһ˺һӣ˭֪ôˡӴҵƨɰ
꣡λС㻹أ˵ʲôƨɲƨɵģ
ôˣСͲƨ𣡡
λӶôʵϻȻŵ
ٰܽһжڶУûסЦ
ħĸݸֽܽӹлڸԼҪ̲סЦ⡣
ħЩΣС㲻ƨɡЦˡ
ܽħһҵʱħȴȻ̧ͷ΢΢ššüë˵ˡ
ֹܽס˷Ķסĳ|ǹڶԷȷԼ£ûôˡ
ѣСģж
ȷǲǺܡ
ʱµһ룬ϲµعȻ˻ɣǲǹģ
Ӷ൱̻ҪȻ˸ӻԶԶߵζ˻
ͷܾһƬǳ
ڿԺ˷ֱܵһ͹ˮĺɫƤëؿһԵİɫƣֹٶȻЩˡ
ܽټܣΪ׼Ķߣ＾ʳʱʳҲ൱㷺ϵĹӵׯڣȻҲˡﻹûгֱϮߣֻ˵ͷҵ㹻ʳ
ӶǺò׷ȴûа취еָƥжֻܾ޴ԶԶġ
Ѿǰֱӳŵ˳˹ȥ
ŵ˷Ľкæҵش¶ʲôܽγ|ǹѺܴ뿪
ħĿҲ֪Ӳģȫ۸ˡ
ܽûʵҲΪ˶ʦǵʵսһ˾ͰˣǴҾͶûжĻˣοڵȴĻҡ
ֻۿͬҪΣյʱųְæ󲿷ʱڰλ۹ֽеŵ
ɯ׺ʥӿҲǺͬ뷨ûгֳ֣˸ΪѧԱǡ
ܽٵڶαͼӽĺܣʱŵ˲òڳ˵ߣʹãֱһסֻٰܽҪæħ
ħӦҲûԣܽٲĶ൱̾˿ŵôҲӵԱ
ܽٵĳ|ǹǰͷܷŵˣŤͷѡΪĿꡣ
ѽ¶һУץסӵֱۣһ˫ȻҼ
ϧѱɫԼ彣ɯһ˺ܵǰȻηҰһٴѡĿꡣ
ʹ£ܽҲûעһǵĸ鷢չӵıƺһ˲Щ΢
й¡
ܽҲûԼĿģȷŵȻµѾһħ֮ɫسʥӿ
һ˲䣬仯涼ҵ
ŭĺܱŵһӵڵϣ¾ɯ׺ʥҲ
ܽٱҲһţʵ൱侲֪ӦǴŮˡ
ͻ޹ʯ飬ƥĴӴܣͼϵˤȥǾʧؽ
һƬܽ˵顣
˼˸ǷԥسŦʥӵƥײ˹ȥ
ܽٻװţѽСѽ
ȻΪ˱ҲⳡƳʥӵƥҲܾˣѧģܽ٣Ҳ
ܽ۾һ
ѿ˷϶ɽʯſ˴죬ԥذ̳ȥ
϶֮󣬾޴ķ϶ϣһо꼻һֵĴ
Ҳ֮ʧͷ֪ܲȥʲôط
ǰʧ˶Ϊֻһþ
Ŀһʧֹͣ˵ǸŮҲ̫Ȼһ㣬ħʮ޵ۣȻŤͷ¶վԭصʥӣȻϡ
¶һѹŵĿ޺˵עءӵ£

ǰѸٺ£ܽû̫֣Ͼ׼ʥһ䡭ţʥأôӰ
ô£
ߵӷ־ŭĺ
ܽٶݵسĬһ룬ǳ|ǹݺݴߵֹסƣ˳סӣҲڳ|ǹϡ
ܽޱ룬ǸŮ񲻻ֲӺʥӰɣȻò񣬵˵е඼ò࡭
Ŀ⸴ӵؿӡ
Ӹոձˣɫ̫ÿ죬һлл
ǿתƻ㿪ڣصµĿǲеŰ⵽ʲôζ
ܽҲӣ漴ɫס

ⲻǸ׵櫵ֱʣΪµ壡ԷҲвԪص
˭
ѵǻ񽫼ƾͼƣħĴڣ˵ӣ
ܽͷתô£Ҫطԭиնֳ겻յܷռ£żͻ壬ûѡڰֱȥпѾûˡ
뾡
ٰܽ쵽Ǳ֮顣


46 
ħܿ˲ԡ
ųе, ոһ˲ĳλϢǴϧֻһ׷ȥ, Ҳûֱ˭
ʥ¶Ǿǻ̵СʦӶ
ӵ±µСһֵԼĵ׹, ȥֻҪһգ۾ͻ޳ˣ󼸸ʼͷӬһתʼĿĵؾˡ
ɯ, ֻн׵ָڱ¶ԼĽš
ħ, ʱȺ﾿˭, ܹ֪ܽڵأӦҲûʲôΣգ֪Ϊʲôδ֪ĴڴȻꡣ
ݵ˼֮, ɯ׿ڣߡ
¶򴽣ŵӷǣǵȾӣ, Ļ
ỹԭءɯ侲ػش𣬲ûΪԷݶչ¶ĵ⣬Ǵ͵ϵħܲûרϵħʦ, ûа취صλǡ
˵, ȫϵŦ£ܸħµĺۼ׷𣿡
ʥ¶ɬ΢΢ҡҡͷʵѾԹˣԷ֮, , ǵʦȼĴʦ
Ǿ͸ߡɯֱ˵ָ˸, ǿĵҵķأǱڿɵĿɽǹȥ弯󹤰æ
ϵħǶ뻹ڵصףѾɵĵ¿ùȥѰңܺùûͷӬڡ
ħۿɽķܽȷʵǸǾûҪжĬûлش
黹֪ԼѾΪʮԲŻﵽħߣβõ˦˦ȥ
ħ࿴һۣǸɵѾͷģúܡ

ףطʱ㰲ȫ˿˿Ʈ˵к廹̫ģ֪ǲǴѾԼıǻе㲻̫ˡ
ܽɨһӣأӸϣסֱɫǺҲ
ٲӺпܰԼ
ܽ̾˿¶˾ģβǰ¶֮飬ַڶʮһҳ׵櫣
Ȼûֱ֮ҳǰ컹һƵķϣŮӦûӦİɣ
ܽﻹż濴ȥֻɲ⡣
Ů˻Ӧǹ˼ڳûǽѸ赣ͷǱһ˫ز¶յģ
ܽգۣѸӦǰĹߡ
ӷ뿪Σյشٴκ£ֻʣԱҹҵƤѾȫİĵطȻҲǵԤ֮С
ȿȣܹʿӰſڵϣȵȥȻһ㲻̱˵ϡ
ܽٵ״̬öˣŤͷӣЩѵššüͷôԼӵеϵ
ħҲͺˣļҲ̫ӡ
ıɰ׳տҲеѰ졣
˵ħеͨ𣬾˵Ǳ̸ģȻʱֻΪ֮ĹϵҪĴ⣬ٱӦòϡ
ܽ˼ţһͻȻһæֹԵһ£ȲҪ֣
ţܽһ£ȻɫЩŹ֣ǲʲô
һ¶ЦݣƺŬ㽶Լҵķ緶ܽ£Ȼ˼ңʱɱңǰ׷ˣ
ţûɱ㡣ܽޱ룬ûв𴩣뿴ӴԲʲôز
ûб̬ٽ⣬ҿܣţһᱣܵġ
ܽٵԼš
ҵȻ˵ҵƷֿջ׵³ŵ׳Լĳ룬ǿԽܡ
硭ҺͿĵҵĳԹ
ܽٵı׵Щ׽ӣҿİˡȣ˵£ôȤ𣿡
üëһΪ˶ͦȤġ
ܽĬȻЩؿӣܾͻȻˡ
ӳĬ˰βżѿڣҲҵ֮һֻװһʲôӣΪԡΪ˻
ܽͷҲôǿ
ȿȣӱÿۿܽת˻⡣
ʣôΰλ¶СҲҲΪ˱ݣ
Ȼˣֲϲ͡ں˵
ۣܽĬĬһЩɵؿڣòᡭ
߳ŭҲϲͣ
ܽԵ˿
ĲȰԼôԼҪ嶯
Űѻ˵ȥҰϷصǸŮ֮⣬ǵһɯɱϾҰˮģҲϣ
ôңûʲôҵģϾҪɱŮˡ
ܽšüͷȻҲȥǰ׵¸£ûпǹҲĳЩ䣬᣿
ҲűȽϣɡӴۣȥûʲô񣬡
ܽһۣ£ĸ׶ûиߣȫвҺͿĵҡ
Ȼô˵ܽҲһ
˵ȥʱϴεƺǳԼȥģһǸŮ˶»ԼΪҶһ顣
ţܽͷǡ
ʱŰ꣡ǿһ飬Ȼ鲻Ըؿ佱˼ɯףɫͷֻ˵Ҳֱӣ߹ʷҪʺĻʵŮʵİɡ
ܽ°ͣͬص˵ͷɯСȷʵҲλߵʡ
ҵΡһһ˿񣬵ܽиΪƽҪɱңѣѾʵ
ʮ꣬ȥĵҰݷãɯ״ȥˣǴûȥ԰ҲûȥСȥ˳˵Լ͵͵ųѧ˵ģҪָһݡ
ҺܸˣڻؼҺ󲻾ãͳж֢״ΪҪ͵͵µİݵˡĴڡ
ۿĵģȻҲû뿪ҵߣ˭أ
ܽٳĬ˰Σûи߹𣿡
ûСӴۣԵ൱侲ҴСΪҸճʱѾжһΣ񶼲֪˭ģ׽̵ҪڸǷâ
ɯһ˵˼ǿĵҵĳı԰ϣ˵һС¡
ҾһҸʲôҸ߸ףǽϵһ͸ҵĵġ
ұһ˿ϣѯɯףȴȫϵΪĵ¡֮һ˼δɱδζָĵңܽС㣬ȫݺ𣿡
ܽٳĬſڣɯС㲻˫̥ɣ
ܣնطˣܽٵ۾һٴγһ䣬ӦòܰɣĵΪѲȥ
˫̥һҲͻɡܽգգۡ
ӳĬſڣҡһȥԺ󡭡˵һ£Ҿⲻܣ


47 
ǿƵ˵һ䣺¶¼, ĵ⻹ǲɵģһĺǴŪҩģ
ܽЦôȷĻΪʲô߹
ûȷ֤ݣѹ߾ûġ
ӳĬ, ΢΢ҡͷֻǵ, һֻһǣҲб˵»
ȻҲĴǡܽٵ˵ͷôλȻּ, Ҳûб޿ɾҩ, ɯС, ģΪˣĻίͼͨԼ˺
ûŤͷ, ֻԼ˻ѡ
ðɺðɡܽپøӵһӣȻһ뵽һ, Цеʣˣ֪ˡ𣿡
λ˲ģ˷ϵĴħʦ
Ϊ޾֮硯ˡ롣, Ȼе㾯, ʲô
ܽЦۣɫظԼɣҲûʲôΪǷϵĴʦ, ˵зϵ츳һֱ, е桭λĪλľ𣿡
ϣûκ, ˰ϣҲûκιٷ˵仰ʱһ˿˿ĲȻܽûзŹϵ仯
ܽû׷ȥ֣վǵȥѰˡ
ɫ԰ףĬسվ

ĵҵĿڣλΪɯС󳡹¼ظϵ
˺һӡﴩźɫβĹԶǽֱֺеСå˶һɻĿ˸סӡ
󳡹ĵش˴Լ֣С㣬ôˣﳾģСŪصȹӣ
ɯ״ϲѣֱ˵ؿڣҪ֣жҪ٣ȥص׵ĿˣһһŮ壬žϳ
󳡹һ£ҵصͷӦȻ֪Щôʵæûġ
ֻһɤӣ֮һΪѵת˹ͣС㣬Ҫǿɽ֣ܰɽһ飬ڡ
ɯüëôˣ
ֲѽɽ¿ǲ֪ǰ˲ųһ֣Ѿǵڶˣ֮ǰһûҲˣûϹˡ
ŵֵץץͷû˵Ļйͺ𣿡
ӴҵСүôװϹһżƽǿĵҵĻƣǵȻģ˵Ϲпܱȥ̣˭
̣ɯšüͷں˭̣ûκϢ
ɽºݺݸԼһͣ죬˵˵ûд̣Ǻ͸˵Сͻ֮䣬ġʱ򲻸ɣ͸ˣ
˵ţҲһߴɤӺһ߳Ⱥ˹ȥ
ɯ˼һŦ򣺡Ŧ£ԭ;ãһͷôλʦǲǹڴСˡҿЩҲĿ֮һɣ
ŦʥûзϣЦһֻҲû뵽ܽСӵ»¡
ɯһ䣺̫ܵˡ
ôⶼǱڵ飬컻ˣδܻŻȥ
⻰˵úŦʥߵļΪ˻̳ʥߡ
ʥ΢΢̧֣ʾջǰҲôѵġ
ʹѾÿǰæѰңҲЩæ˶Щܾⲻȥ
¶ſǻĿô࣬Ǹô𡭡
ħ֪ܽٵķѡһ򣺡
ŵе棺ô֪ģ
ħɨһֱۣ
ŵ˶Դ൱ǣǲе㡭
ħ䵭Ŀⲻһ˿飺ʲôԲյȷݣ
ŵƵػش𣺡ûС
ô￪ʼҶһħ˵꣬ٵȴǵĶԼ߽ѡõĿ
ɯһԥҲѡ˺һ·ߡ
ʣµҲֻøȥ
¶ԵЩǹʥСغһŦˡ
ʥӴһº͵Цݣţôˣ¶С㡣
ƳһǰеɯףַɿصͷûУֻе㺦£Һһ߰ɡ
ΧļӶ⸱ģеĲ̴̣Ʊû£͸ǰɣС㣡
ǾǣǺĳЩѪĹɲһ
Ǹոɯ׶ʥӲ⼸λӶĻ¶ôһʾǵСͼӴ׵׳
ħһǰ棬ûлͷȴûдϷ룬¶СѾͷŪĿ൱һ֣ɲһĹС㣬ԺܽСһ㡣
˸ħ߹հ˹գʱһ䣺𣿡
ħŲشֻһǰ棬ڣڹչһͣ˽Ų
˲ԵҲͣ½ŲӶ̽ͷ̽Եǰڿǰһ·ʱֻЦ٣ô·
ֱ鿩
ȡʥɤӣ̹ԹԱ졣
ħ̧ͷ󶴶ˣɯײ֪ʲôͣӦǹȥпܵĵ·Ϊ˷ֹ׷׷ϣὫԼͨĿըٶס
ħĲڣѾҵˣڵ档
ŵ˾ϲֻɣǵȥˣ
ļٵġ
Ϊӻɣ
ȻҲвг
ħûǣס彣ͨӶһ᲻̫š
ʥǰһɫشһħ¶΢ЦĪȷĻҾ԰ɡ
ħͷ
ʥӽǽϣϵرۣʼϵ
ͷ黺ſ¶ɫա
ħ彣ǽϽ׵Ծ˿ͬһ˵ϡ
ԼѰѾõˣȻĳĬ
˶ûôˣֻܼѵӺܽٵһ˲䣬Ҳ˳Ĭ
˲û£ܽһֻҰտ
һȵػعͷһȣͼԼĳ|ǹᴩѾնȥ֫Ұܵϡ
ӻ彣ƺõ˲˵˿һɫ£ŻµܽƬ⴮֦ϡ
ԵһƵƬɢζڳ˶Ӵ˷ؽ
ļ̌ͷǣ˰æ𣿡
ʥعε߹ȥܽС㣬Һû¡
ħһȻȦף˭ֽ𣿡
ܽٹԹҡҡͷ
ŵ˵ϣû£ȻʦԻᷢģ
ɯüͷ߹ȥһܽٵ֣ÿ䵽ĵطҰ˿ڲС
ܽܳ벻õģûˣֻǲ䵽࡭⿾ˣһ԰ɣҴϵҲû̫ˣ
Ŀ⸴ӵؿֵǱߣȻҲǺ⣬û˹һ
£¶޿˹
Ŀ¶Ϊһ˰һ㣬Ҳпȡ֮İ


48 ƭӼ
˰, ò׸ϵĿĵҪʱ˲۵ĺܵңûּͻ, ʦһź͹һʧδ֪, ſôڷûԡ
ֱһˣһŵǰĿζʵ, ֪زӶ
ܽЦۣһ԰, һֻҰأҸոջ, Һ˳һֻҲ̫˷ˣҪ˷Һˡ
ֹܽԭ˵, վͺһߣվҲûϵߡ
ΪȻܾ, ҲѾͷ˵󻰣ֱϻͷҰȻǰѰҰжֱ֫ϻģӿ˿Ǵ׳˶ȣԼûء
ʥȻʧЦǸܽС, û뵽ܳԵҰ
ܽк, ʥӴͷҲͲٿְһ⡣
ܽٺʣǺ𣿡
ħбһۣһ㲻سһ, Щǰܽ, ˳ֽӹĳ|ǹæɻô, һͷԣͷأ
ʥ̲ס࿴һۣȻӶ飬ܾˡƺʲôԾ
ȻǣܽϷΣ˼ӣⲻεҪˣ첻ǻóҡ
ҹҲˡ
Ѿץˡɯ̧ۣոһоô⣬ܽ˵ͷܲŽӻȺûҵǣҵͷܡ
ǱضŻˣ뿪ʱ˵壬סˡɽҪ͸壬һϲЩޣɧųˡ
ܽٿɯĶܾе޲Լȥæ⣬ħţܽٲֻܿͷָ
ɯšüͷٴУ̾˿
ܽЦɯ׺óЩء
šɯҲûзϣ϶ͣû̧ͷǵһΰŪʳ
ܽپȵصɴ۾
ɯ׿һۣʳǳŮͶ飬Ȼ˱˸ĳ͸ðʱ仨ڸҪϣܷӦеá
һˡ
һԶ촦ʳĵ¶ͣһ£ѸٵͷڸԼ΢ۿ
ܽԣò˵ɯС죬Ҳĺܵˡû˼ȻȻɨһƬ
ɫɨһۣƽʱʱ͸ýˣıȴе΢
ܽһ㶣Ȼ뵽ʲôɯΪǹС飬ô³ģ
ܽٳӼüŪʹɫҲѸ˼һĿŲ˱𴦣ȴм˼
¶СûеõӦһݼ˿ֻмӶ¶˼ַ߷߲ƽڱʥԼԲҶ໰ɯ׵񶼶˼ֵ⡣
һͽ⣬ǣԱ㣬ŵҲԼˣŴ¶ı顣
ɺûаֹϵɯɨһۣǻļλʦҲûѵȵٹһӣ쵽֮ǰپٰһԴᣬô֡
ŵ˵ڵϰϣؿڣҵʱھͲ𣿡
ɯؿһۡ
ܽЦеؿǲƴڻûע⵽ʥȻߣɤӣܽС㣬̸̸𣿡
ϴº͵Ц⣬ָָԶķ򣬿ѾҺ̸ĳ
ܽٵĿ˲ڿûҵԼṩĻᡭ
ܽٻͷħʾ⣬ħˣԼŹˣҪҪϰ
ħüëվȥץʲôȥ
ʥӺܽҲվŵ˺ؿһۣɯְԴ˻
¡ɯ䵭ŵƲƲ죬Ҳûٿȥ
߳һξ룬ħһϳ̧̧°ͣ⿴š
ʥӵлǰ˼
һӦþˣħһˣܽپúаȫС
ò΢ЦʲôأʥӸ¡
ʲôʱִȽϳ䲻⡣
ʥ΢΢¶Ц⣺һοɲּ⡣
ܽסˣŤͷʣǻġȫ֪ȫܡǲģǵļƻѾǰ˰ɣ
ܽٵĴŦԤ֮У˭ͻȻͺԼйأ¶ıġ
벻õģһΪġŦ򰲸䣬ԭҲ֣ǻΪʲôܽСйأвƷͻȻϮ롭ǣֹһλ
˵εϮĳλֱʣʵָһƲϮǻûϵһǰʾܽǲҲĳλľߣŻǣķ
ߣ˵ʽǻһģһƵġħܽپ֪϶ֱʲôˡ
ܽ΢΢ЦЦȻʥô岻˵Ҳ˵ȫ֪ȫܵǻûи֪kľߣǾ֪ˡ
ðɣûʳʲôˡʥ¶൱εı飬ǻͣ˵ΪܽС󡣡
ܽϹиɻ΢ЦԲӦ䣬¶ġ
ʥҲӣ˵˵ѰҵʷƭӼ塪һ塣
ħһҾ֪Ǹһ˻װû
ܽҲЦãԼ¶滹ͽλǻǸֽ
˵һ壬ܽҲš
˼°ͣҵ˵
ﶼŷɵҪɫһ֮˸ֻµĺڹ˵ʫʷʫ֣á
Ǹģ͵Ūƭƭȵƭ˵Ҳǰġ
Ѿħ˸£϶Ǽٵˣܽٹ廵Ǹ˲٣ڹҲûٱ
Щر𡣡ʥŦòԼ˵ܽҲǼҵĴ˵һһӦò֪ϢڵڶԪ伣ˣ˵ƭӼǴûӹħħצʵϣֻȥ
թ֮ʵͽթ֮ÿͽ͸Ȼħ츳ǡıò
ﰢĶͽԽթóѣһûеץסԺҲץסˡȻǹĿַʵΪ¼¶󳣳թ֮ıò˭Ҳ޷ץͷǡ
ܽɫ΢ֲãǵݺŪ̡
ȺƻķŪ׳֮Ȼͷ棬ʹ֮Ҳû취ҵǣοڵûв
Ψһ˵ǻǸСµļһ
̧ۣܽЩҲǻͣ
ôʥܱͦ׵ġ
ʥ΢΢ҡͷֻΪ˰ҵϣݣŶ൱ߡ
Ͳǻʾãֻʥӵʾˣܽ˼


49 
Ҳ̫, ʥӼܽٲ͸¶Լ鱨ҲͲ׷ΪʲôͻȻ԰Ȥ
ܽߣ䲻ͻȻڣܽС͵¡ûʲôͻɣ
ûаܽͷ, Ц, Ȼϲ֣Һôڿ, Ҳֻܱ
ͳһ˿ھ, ֻ˵ܽټ²÷, ӳġ
ʥӶλεЦҲЦ˵ͷ˵ҲǣܽСôϲ, ûʲô㡣
⻰˵ܽһ㶣ʥȴûͣ½Ųֱǰ, ܽҲֻЩԵظȥ
ߵħάǸո뿪ʱƣǹ΢΢Ƥʮ䵭ɨʥһۡ
ʥظеһѹϲɫ, ľѾ, Ӷ²һˡ
ǸոõǴĽڣֻȥпƵɵҪһ죬ɵϾŵˡ
̽ͷ̽ԣأ
ħҲգһ£̫, ûš
ŵֱƭ, û, ͱɯ׵ͷһ£šüͷ졣
ŵСԹǰҵɵӡ
ܽ飬Ҷ棬ֻˣɲǸɵʦλʦʮԵļһŽ̳ѧҲʮԣһһŻ˵ɻ£һա
ܽپԼϷʦĵҲᡣ
ȥ⣬͵ɨһۣɤע
õؿһΧˣѹڣҲǻļһߵ̫ˡ
ܽЦһ鿾⣬ĿⶼûȥȴЦеʣţ
Ҳѧӣ⼸ŵ̫ѸˣҰĲСҡǸ̶Ŧ򵱵ڶˣҪǺеʲô
ܽٵıûסЩŹ֣ЦɨһۣôһҲôԣһػش𣺡ϲ͡
Ӳǲ֪ģԼǰ˵¶û˼̲סʣһ˼ûУϲʲôģ
ӡ͵ĹŮӶԼ޸ʲôˣܽģ൱ټ
֪ܽӶʲôħ֡ģڵһλʿҪȿܲΪħҵשߡ
ܽú⣬ϲһ£˰ԵԼһˣЦеؿڣҲϲġ
ӹȻջ𣬺ԥǺһأ
ţеûѹסɯ̧ͷһۣû˸ۣͷŤһ߲ܽˡ
Ա㣬ǽϵǻҹͷûҰʥӵ£ܽٵַϵľ
ܴ˶жµظлܽС㡱вҲû˸лʥӡ
ֹ˵ŦƣֱܽЦ
ȵҹ˾ʱħַܽٵĴ̨ؿڣ㵹һ㶼⡣
ܽЦۣϾǲ·ǻ̳ı꣬ҪıռôҲ׷ϵġȻǲҪʱõô顣
ħ࿴һۣȤʣʲô·ߣ
ܽٻûϸ룬һ㶣ֻʱʼǣԥſڣҪڶʱȷͳεĻֻܿչʵͿ־ˡ
ܷħ·񡣡ħЦЦ̧ۣô˿־壿Ϊħľʾ
˵ţ˫ֱأȴܽٵıݡ
֪ܽħԼҲ⣬°룺ǵͷôŵ˵𣿡
ѧźܵģӴһػ˫֣º𡪡
ۡħŴŤͷŴЦ
ܽٴչȥ͵Цһ˫̵۾źεЦ⣺ôħˣ
ħ°Ϳ˵βͶڴתȴƫƫҪװһǿģǿǿ˵պϰɡ
ȻǸɲʲôõɵѾͷȡħһû㲻
ܽ˯ȹŵس񣺡лħ˵ĳޡ
ڶһǾϻ
ŵһſϰԾһ˸ҶˣñʱӴ
ӶʱʱȡЦҲһ㶼⣬ûʲôӡ
ɯ׺ʱûʲôһӾЩĲɣ¶Ҳͱʱ͵һЩ
Ŧʥӡ
ܽٵţÿĿȥܶ϶ԷЦ۾ܾ˲Ҷ࿴
ǵǷֱʱζؿڣʲôҪ֪ģʱңҼȿΪܽСҲʹ
˼ڹ˽鷳
ܽټװûЦòԶھǻеȫ֪ȫܵıµģ߿Ҳⷽȥʣ˭֪Ǳ󣬻ǰԼ˲ιۡ
һ㡪
̻ܽ¶Цȣôˣ
˵ˣ̸ȴһ·ɳۣЩ̽ͷ̽ԣȥôûܣ㲻ܷ˰ɣ
һ׼ع̲ס࿴һֱֹۣµŮʲô̥һҪǴܣĶֵܴܲɣ
ֻܽεظһܵȥ
ޡЩʧ䣬ԭ·һƤء
ԭ׼ôչˣû뵽ܱ˰·غˡ
ֻܽͷû£úҪٰԴᣬ˵лܵġ
̾һ񣺡㣬ѽ
ܽЦӦʡ
صҲѾڵ˵Ҫ㱨һ⼸
Ǹ൱˼ܵˣ˰ħӶźܽǣһܽڼ䣬ħٴδԨĴţٴ˶ʮͬ
ħ˵Ҳֻһգ۵Ĺ
ħѾڸݽвӶǻ켣вرۡ
Ϊ˷ֹԺڸԼˣһܽٵЦеؿܽ٣м·˹ҵϼһúÿһͨ
ܽе棺Ǹǿ˻𣿡
ҿɲửʼ磬ЦħұħֱӱӣҪ鿴𣿡
ˡܽٶȻܾ
Щϧʼ磺֮ǶסģǣǻƺΪɵС㡯һš
ܽҲˡ
̾˿ڵǣľƹޣºôЩ˵ʳ󣬸οǺ滹иˡ
ܽҲų⣬ȺȻ̽һԴ㣬˹ɿү
ܽЩȣô죿
ŸոջҪᣬҲôһʱɣ
ҲЩ֣Ҳˣʧǵģľ͸ˣ˵мҪ㡭
ǶǺ¶Сйˣ֮ڣֻҪ΢һջһ¶СĲ
ܽ̾˿ħͿôȥӴˡ
λʧһѵĹذɣ


50 ί
˹ɿүʱ, һλҪæһȻȴۻϲȴۿɼʧǡ
˶ͷһˮ, ǴӴſƮ˽
ܽ, ͻȻе㲻˼ٿڴˡ
˹ɿүһڵĺ裬̧ͷ, ¶ֿɬܽС, ҡǸ޴ļһ, 𣿡
ܽٻûüοԼҡҡͷ
ܽپڻ˵˵ˡ
ۣĿɢضǱ裺ʱӦþҰ, ҡǳл
ʵʵֻѵĻҲûʲôָ, Ͼ˹̹Ҳôġңϸ룬һֱһԸ¶СҲûиʲôӦ
ڷ·Ǹ־ͻʹ, Ų豭̲ס΢΢, ܽ̾˿
˹ɿ˽˵ҽȥſڿˣ¶С㿴ӵ񡭡Ϳҵʱȫһòġ
̧ͷܽС㣬Ҿ, ϣϣ¶СܹõҪҸ˵, Ů, пܼ޸𣿡
ܽپôǲ̫ܵģɫϣ˵ܡֻӲͷƤ˵ͷӦûܼ򵥣Ҳǡȫûܡ
˹ɿ˾Ȼ¶οЦݣһǾͿˡ
Ȼ͸׶˵һαŮˣ˭أҲûʲôָġ
ܽٴۣλ˹ɿүӳڰģǲҪǰ˵¶СĻɣٸ롣˼˹̹Ҳ֪£ῴλΪʧյүġ
ѾѹˣôǿԼ
ܽ¶ЦôʱҪ𣿡
˹ɿ˿Цһҡҡͷ˵λɯСҲǲ鷳ˡ
ǿ̫ˣʵǵԼҵǳʲô鷳ܽ¶źı飬Ҳûƴǡ
˹ɿԥ˰Σ˵ʵһ¶СһţǸ𡣡
ȻһԸҼȻ׷ܵиܲʧ
ܽٵĿЩӣλ˹ɿүǸء
Ͳȥ˹ɿү¶˿յɫϵߵˣи¶СŵĻᡭ
һøĽڲųŵģ˸ңڻĸۡſأҸû취ҵᣬܲ
ֹܽѾ˼
ܽٿ˹ɿˣ°ͣƺᵽ̻΢ΪѵģʵҼӺɯСмҲ֪Ҹ¶СŵĻ
˹ɿ¶ʧɫͷǿЦЦ̫ͻˡ
²ҳȥкʵѡƼܽ¶ϵЦ˵ħӶ𣿡
˹ɿʱ¶൱ɻɫ
ܽɤӣԴֵظһ൱ŹֵӶţȻѹһַ̬ܵ˵Ӱȥ٣ʺһҿ԰ίǣֻҪ
˹ɿүʮϵشӿڴͳҺһŷ⣺ףӶҪǮƵģЩ𣿡
ˡܽ¶Ц֮ҪίǵĻͰίдֽϣ泯ϵĽѹסԤıꡣܻʧܣǻѽҷ泯ϻǻһö泯ϵĽң֤Ѿˡ
ǡ˹ɿ˵ɴ۾صɣǳЩǿӶ󣬵΢ЩɣĲᱻ˷𣿡
˹̹ȻʲôĴ壬ӶǮȴҲûٻԼԺЩǿ׳ĻǣҲеġ
ܽЦеذǷŵݻߣԻȥԣ
˹ɿԥ˰Σҡҡͷǰˣ˭æãһ͵
ˡܽٵͷӦʡ
˹ɿүԺܽٿ˿Լŷ⣬Կӱ˵ĸҲûʲôȤվȥħͿꡣ
ǻôħĳԷ⣬̲ܽס¶˽ı飬ٺЦλҵһίС
ʮָȤŤͷʲô
ܽپżһλ͸ĵˣݳ밮һš
ħͬʱһȱȱذͷŤ˻ȥ
飺ʵҲǸѡһͷҰʮңȥҲԼԣֻΧǹأһǷֿ»鷳
ɷеһжڹģɽеֻеĹһֻ۱һֻ۶ѡ
ħħǵʵȥԵĻջҲСĿ𵱵عע
ܽһٴξԼŷ⣬ͼǵע
ħεؿһۣ֡
ħµӶŵһǰһʧС飬ô붼ʰɣ
ܽգգۣŶ
ħĬ
۾һϵ˲˴Цݣ첽ߵܽߣֽӹǷţܽٵԴúӡ
ħؿһۣƺԷ˱ĹидǿҲ
ܽٸԼӶŶµĹ򣺡Ĺ嶼ϲʽеģ㹻Ҳǿһֱ֣ԲֹŪķʽ
ƹŷ羫ħ˵ʱʱ鿴һûѹ泯ϽҵֽţҲʲô¡ż©ҲûϵϾǿӶҲʲô񶼽ӡ
ħԽԽ⣬°ͣܺãܷħĽ׵ɡ
ѵûܵħ̹ʵĿ佱̲ܽס¶Ц
ֻһ㡣¶΢źı飬ܽЩѵԼİʲô©
̾˿α˵ỹһأͭҾͺˣûۣ˵ỹһӶűǵֽš
ܽĿ΢ͣȻĽڼֻ֮ϣ

ɵ¼Ҷ¥ĳ䷿ڣ¶ھǰСذԼͷϵװβ
Ů;վСĵؽӹǸֵƵСװΡ
¶΢΢̧̧ۣպˣֱЩ͵ˡ
ǡŮ͹ɵصͷŽһĺŻع¶ͷ
¶žԼ
ǿһҼʹûκα飬һ˫ﶼ·ӣԼ˵λ˵Ҳή´ġ
ǵġŮ͸͵Ǵ˵Ĵ衣
ߡ¶һôûôá
Ůһһ˲¶˾ֵı飺С㣬
ţҿûڮٴ˵˼ֻڱԹһ䡣¶ĲɵرߣȻһ¡
ʲô
Ů˳߿ȥҲ¶˴㵵ı顪̨ϰһţ滹һ֧εõ塣
¶ɫأСĵ㣬ȡ
ոûκβ֪
ЩµŮӹŷ⣬ֱ΢İĽߣ˹ɿˡ˹̹
¶۾ѵ˵λ˹ɿүȻǸƭĸүôǿ


51 
Ҫĵһɿ, һ¶ˮĺõ壬ƱҪԩͷǹﳬֵõҲǴɵ¼ҵĻ԰˳ժġ
һ, , һذһ泯Ϸ˹ɿ˵Ĵ̨ٴȻʧ˷С
ʱڸۡܽ´ȣһյ˵ÿһֽˣӦҲ¶С͸¶һ¡ħĴڵ, ĻĻ, һҪģ
ܽٲ֪, ΪԼССʧ¶СΪ˹ɿʲôٴɵˡ
ħһ㲻˴Ƿ, һ¶΢Ц̧ۣǾÿһˣŸӡ
ܽپúе, չһǵʵ˿͡
Ѹٴ鷿ֽʣӵдһţŽ¡һǼҪٰ, 뺯ͨȥ, 鷳鷳¶ˡһǣãħ
һ˾ʹ˹ɿүĸңܽٿί, ˵ܽдõֽ뿪ˡ
ܽΪȥʱ΢һ, ɺܿ졣
̾˿, ܽΪչ˳οӺôҳɳһ൱裬ûǮҲ
ħ۾Ѫζˣ
ʲôܽٽվ̫ļˣǿ꣬ȥֵطҲ̫Σˣ
ˣ˵̧ۣ̾˿һӣȻôţ벻
ܽ٣
꽲˽֮顣
ǷŷӷĴ̨ϣܿ췢ˣҲûţͼҳŵˣʮ־ظţڿԺԵú˷ܡ
ܿд˻ţѹһҵȴűߡ
һңʹļ׵ס֮࣬ǻûһңǰװ׸ţ
̲ܽסס۾׳ӡ
ҲŰڳͬı飺ҵҲûֽʣʵûа취ҾľѪдˡǮȻͷʮȥ
ܽ٣ûŻɣ
ôء¶ˬʵЦݣһ̫ãѾͻһȥˣһѾյˡ
Ļš
ܽһΪͽš
˰׵ӵĻţȶԼʾ˵⣬˵Լ֪ܽٱʲô֣˳㻹ЦˡħֵƷζ
ܽס֣СػͷһħӵŲȤ˿
ӱʾ֯ǿãеǮȻʮرʾȻҵΪαװܱƻ¶ôô
ֻΪ˲ǰһϢҵ»ʷĴ¼
ܽٶſ˰ΣЩ̧ͷʷĴ¼ʲôһﲻʲô°ɣ
šħ°һҲ鰮ǵ°ɡ
ܽ£ħˣҪС£һСľͻɴ¼ġ

պܽϵᣬҪڻ¸ٰۡˡ
ȳе˴ٳĹʣµСҲ˲æܽٻǴĵƣ
Ѿˣܾð׳ӵǷﰵʾҪڼϸ¡
̲ܽסóֽٴϸϸһۣͼмƲεҪʲô
ֽûע⵽ħѾ֡
ȵֽߣܽٲŻع
ܽٴ㵵ػعͷ֮ħƯĽɫͫܽʶס˺
ոջΪµֻǸֱӽгˡ
͵ֽдӳħƷζĻ
ֽ˻һۡħصһۣҪֽ澿дʲôܽôʧǵġ

ֽ֮ܽǰһѴֽ
ħƺû뵽£һʱ㵵صɴ۾ûж
ֱ̨ܽȼֽȻѸ֣ڵһСҽ
ܽ١¡ħ۾ǲ̫ˣ
ܽЩģոնһеֱӶø˼侲ʶԼʲôϹһ亹
ƺûħ
дʲôħǰһܽʶҪˣħסˣɫͫضסӸµѹȸС
ܽСش𣺡һЩ˻᲻˵Ļ
ҲҪħһ˭ôյ
ܽٵͷΪǸ׳дģҾġԲħˣҴҡԼ֪İ׵ӣֿǸ
Ȼħȴûôú壬ƺˣθǸ׳ӵǸʲôˣƾʲôǸ׳ӵǸ
ܽһ˲ЩãȻȻûȫħĺ塣
ħüͷ壬ܽ١¡
飡
һ죬ڳ˶סˡ
ħվԭأܽٵıӴ𽥱˾֣źȣ
ȶŻƿһشħ߳һ
ħŷӦƵԼĺףЩ͵ؿڣ㡭Сƿҡͷ
Ȱ㲻£˫ֲһ㲻ؽѵǵģǽϲ㣬Ҳϲ˵
ħûһָһ˼飺ϲ
û˵ʹ㵵صɴ۾ܵŵè
ֻܽԴһסԼǵģħˣ
ȸ㿴ôҪħˣ֪Ƕô˼𣡡
ħʶҪħ
ħֳƺɱ˽㡮װġ˲˼ˣ
ħһӱˣһ˲ЩɣϾԨô꣬ѵڵ˼䣬ħʲô⺬壿
Цеش¥̽ͷǶҪŶڳЩʲô
ͷ״Īոպ׵ںͽ˵
ŶɲСĪҪúõǸ
ʲôħŵصɴ۾
㿴ҵվԼߣֱ׳ͦţħҲõǸ
ܽվԭأޱؿԼãҲǴħ߸ӵеưɡ
ȶܽٵ񣬺֪˼ĻƿСڣҡûкĻƿģҾһ¡
㿴ħһ㶼۶԰ɣħˣ
¼ֱǶħ裬ħһмͷһ㶼ۣƾֶ˵ңҲҪ
ܽ̾˿ȵԴ´οɲˡ
ȷɿشӦ
һؿǳ֣һûȵĳ˵ úǣҪ׼ӴŶ


52 Ὺ
ܽ˱, ڳһ̬վſӭӵһλĿˡ
Ƿ̻˹̹һҡ
Ϊⳡ̣±ֳʮֵ, ȻܽԤϵ, ˹ɿүľ˺ֻܶ࣬ص˵ɵЦ״̬
Ŷܽٲһ˲ᣡ˹̹Ѿɿشһ۴ڲ, ¶ʮ΢Ц, ԼĿ, ϾڿҲǿԼ
ܽҲʮָӣЦǺǵغ˻ȥǽȥйϡ
λƺܽû, ҲûϵΪⳡܽҲ˹Σ΢ЦŽгԷ, ڶԷܳ
ˣܽ٣ȹӿ治
ϤܽЦŻͷС, 쿴Ҳǹˡ
ЦչʾһԼȹ, ȻվһЩȵ꣺ҰѰҿɰСүҲôô
ܽټǵλүǺһͬμӽİɡ
үƿ˰һԼ·, ŵ񣺡ܸ˼, ʦõܽ١С, ҴΪϳֿף
ϧ̾˿һ׷ŮŶɡ
죡㣡Щҧгݡ
ܽټǵðСƺǰɵı㣬ҪЦŴԲͿͶվ˰󣬶һ䵭ɫ۾ſڶµʲôʱ򡣡
һüëְѰƽȥſڣ̧һˢſڣʮƵ̧̧°ͣµ
ܽѾʮϰǵĻƣſڳ˰ͶҲûˣһ
ͶԵؿ۰ƺû뵽Ȼô³Ķ̾˿סĽ״Ľŷȥ
ѽСһУŤͷܽ٣ǰͶ˴ɫ֤ݣͰᱡɫȥ
ܽ٣
ſȣ˹ҵλҲˣԵؿŶſڵķʦԱصһۣܽĵһᣬǿɱ鷳ǵģǷʦ
ġͶ˱ûʲô仯ɨ˰һۣȶ
ҡˣŰ·˿ｻԼȥˡ
˹٣ܽپӦλҪӣһ罻ᣬȨ˶ǲģɳ㹻зĴǾǺܸӵ˼ˡ
ܽԭƲ˺Ϳĵ붼
ſȣǰһѰһЦӻҸŶܽ١
ܽע⵽˰æһϻӣٻϽǰһϻӣ澲һȡ
ľϸС٣Ǹ״ŵĻУĴ̱ʯ
ϣԴŮ֮Ϊ֮ȣʹûľϵ츳ҲħȵĸʹһЩ򵥵Сħ
ܽע⵽ϵİжһ˿ۺĽȷʵǸöұ̵̬ȡ˵Ůµġ
ħ˵ģһֱ䣬ŮҲúܿġ
ϵصлĪǾ˵Ҫ̫Ծ£
ȡʾضܽ¶Цҵȥʦڲɡ
˹̲סʵǲףԼҵļΪʲôôáԭҲɹҲϣλ츳˵ķʦ˹ңôˣҲûλΪһλ
ܽ۾һħѾι۹˷ʦղأвٺö
̫˼ˡܽٴ¶ʵϲãǰ϶ôصڴŮѾǵ׳ħʵ׳ԼҲ
λܽѾİǻԼ˵Ӫֽܾ£Ҫ˱ԽԽˡ
Ŷ˵ģӴ¶СֳŸ˹˵¶ζЦݣҿɲλôҺܽСϵҲôǸ˰ɣ
ܽ̾˿ܲ鷳õˡ
ߡ°ͣԽ˵ܽ˵ɲҪ鷳
ܽٵıøǳǿӻһ黹û
ֻķʲôݻϾԺܽٲı鿴Ǻܺÿ
΢ššüͷûпڣһʦ
ɯСˡ
ɯСһ޶ˣܽٴûʺϴȹӵˣһͬǰЦŶʿڷʦʱˡ
Ǵ˿ĵҵزһɫ൱γ̱ʯ
δĥԭʯҹΣ㲻ôҲ㹻ղؼֵˡԳֽɯ˵۾ɫҲôá
ɯһ⣬Ȼ൱ıʯڿĵҲʲôصĶ°ɡ
ܽˣǵϣýʹ¡
ܽЦˣǳлĺ⡣
֮ɯҲһšħӶŵСƬɣĵ˵ñʯء
μⳡĴܽи࣬ҺҲ׼ûгֽвħƺֱŤ֪ܵȥˡ
ܽٴһۻѾˣһģܽٿ⣬ǽнȻҿʼԺˡ
ĸ˸ͣܽٵͷȹڳŶ¥ȥȻȻѣС㣡
ܽһ»عͷҲžȵصɴ۾ݡ¡
Ȼˣ
ԼݣͷȨڣº͵Ц⿴ܽ٣ûǰ֪ͨŻ˰ɣӡ
ܽѸٵͷ񣬡Ĺҵҡ
ɲֹǹ˺Ϳĵ
ڵĹѸٷߵĶһʮʮٵؾһʱǴ˷ġ¡
ӵµݼΪ䣬һ𾪵شףôˣ
ܽٸڹޱؿӣϷ·𴫵Ϣݣ
ȡӵرһߣѾǰѹˡ
ûдĿ䵽˸˹ҵϣЦЦ˵ұһ·һģ˸˹ңȴ˵Ѿˡ
ͷͻˣ£°˺Ϳĵһɡ
ڴЦɲ𣬹һ㶼ģ֪Ůʿ㹻Ļױʱ䣬һǵһôҴææظء
ô˵ˣϣǹҲҲ
ˣòҲȻڡĵ˾仰ȻЦʲô顣
ܽˣҲλҲ֪ҪȻǹ׼ġϲȻԴ󲿷˵Ǿţƺͦ˵ġ
˵ǰ׳ӵĸ𣬹ҲϲֵԸء


53 ̳
, ֮Ͳܽ´ˣܽҲ֪һǾóء
ʹļ̳ˣҲûĴ, ֪µЩʲô
ȫΨһ˵Ӧþ˹̹о, ԭֻܽٵʶһЩСѣû뵽˱иΪ
Ϊֹڼϲ
ܽվ˶¥Ľ, ͵Ŀɨ¥µλ, ΢΢¶Ц⣺ԭҪʲô֯һۻ, ѴҶ۵һ𣬾˵ܽٲҪٰĵһᡣ
ðϣǵδڴˡ
ܽüë֪ǲ, ܾáϣǵϣ˵⡣
Ŀ⣬ڴ󲿷ֺĿ˶Ѿˣһλ, ǻŦʥӳٳûűʾڴᡣ
ʲô鵢ˣǳʲôͻ״
ܵµǶЩʲôԹԵ˵ƽİϣǣ΢, Ͼûô̫ƽˡ
ϣڲһܺƽ, ܽȴûôȫʱʱ͸ڹҲдССĦĸ׻ӾǴĳս˰ϣǵĺƽ, Ż˾λĽ͡
̾˿Ӳ۹ովһȨ, ¼λĵƽ, ųƺ̳Ϸս۹
Լ̣Խ⣬ϣǸĵضǶԣһ˴ѵķ⡣οǲû㹻ǿľȺҰͽԿ
һλԳơ񡯵ĺͷ죬Ӵֻս޲ʤǹ˲ٵ죬ȺԼУ˺ͬˣذ
˵ĹǷţһֱõó׻飬ʹõϣ඼ǲǵĵϡ
ҴӦΪṩкʳΪΪ⣬ǵӻԻʹֻϣǣһӵϡ
л˵˵ʹ˸밢ϣǵӣԶҪǳޣһǻԼء
һʼǼмּţ˶ĬûڳˣĵǹʮңԶƺ֪Ҫ˵ʲô
̾˿ϲ˵ʱ˵ĻǸܽ٣Һոˡ
ܽʱ̨ܸȻ֪ΪʲôѡԼ˵ЩҲΪʲôԼӻǿ˵ҹᣬʹ첻裬Ҳûʲôϧġ˵İϣ֮ȴǺܹġ
һ˿ͣǿµŮһǵһħĺɫס
ػϣǣҲȻ̱ʯػΪŮͬһս𣿡
ܽٶ˹۾ƺĳϣгʹľ
ܽٲ֪Ϊʲôôʣ֪Ĵ𰸡
һᾡܣܱÿһˡ
¶˿Ц⣬ȻλļЦҾ˵Ǹúӡ
˲ÿɷЦһĵüͷһԣֻи˹λϴɵĴЦݡ
ܾܽǵ̬Щ죬λ׳ӿĸ͸ˡ
˵£Ҵܴ󡣡ɨΧ̲ס룬ϣ֣֮ܲܽδи׵¡
ƺѾʶ˹Ҫ˵Щʲôдĳ־ֺ˷ܡ
ѵѵ˵
׵ƺҲˣŭͷף
Ĭؿ֮ʹ̾˿Ҷƫĵ˵ԣλиΪƽĴ𰸡
ҵĶӣҲܷİѰϣǵδΪֻܡǽλܹػϣǵ
һ£ڵ˽ôҲѹסˣͬ˷ԣƽŵĹǺֳһţֱֵͬߵг
ⳡңħȻܽߣѹӦö֪ˡ
ܽȻļɫ൱ƽӣȻڴ󳳴ֻ֣ıݣ۾һƬƽȥԴԤϡ
¾ѵĴˡ
̲ܽס˱۾µΪʲôѡ°һ㶼Լ˱ʷᡣ
桤˹ħ쳹΢΢ڵĹǺܿ侲
û˵ꡣ
ѡѾ˾ϡĿ䵽ܽϣܽһ£漴¶˾ֵı飬ɣ
ܽ١£˹ļԼŮ̵ıұ֤츳һܹΪʷĴ淨ʦڼĻҪˣΪϣǵġոҲĻشӵаϣǵλ̳ȨΪ֮һ
ܽ죬ڡ
Ŀ⸴ӵؿӣ׵£ȻǸĺӣϾŷϵѪȻӵаϣλļ̳ȨҲЩ㾺ߵѹ֮£ܹ漣
ӰͷŤһߡ
Ŀ⿴ɯףɯסĵһֱҫ飬ȹ塣ʱ̲סϣҵŮͬӵλļ̳Ȩ׵µĻԼ
ĵ̧ͷúԼɣɯ׻Լľϡ
ߡЦһ
ᡣ
˹
ܽ²侲ԭˣֻӵ˾λʸ񣬲ֱΪϿȻƣϸϸһҲ⣬ӦǶʾãӦҲûܴڶྺӱֻϣ˭λػϣǡ
ӱȨһӦǴ˷ʦǷúܹƽ
ħЦһ̫СûôСλǸ൱ļһ
ܽȻҲйŹ֣ħѾҵɣ̲סؿ˹ȥ
ϵģħԱߣûкӡ
һλٴοڡ
ţܽЩȣ˭
ɡĿſڡ
һڽ̻ͽӵ߽һ鵥۾ЦºͶûе⣬ӵһͷɫĶ̷
ǻʥӡķ
ţʥӲŦ
ܽһ㵵ڴӵĽ̻Ա￴һϵŦܽ٣¶ǸЦݣΪԼʧԼǸ
ȵȣ񻹲ص㣬ķ֡
ܽһ𾪵ؿħħۣ¶ζЦݣ˵ͷ

ܽٿȺ΢Ц桤ʥӣĿ̲סϵͬ飬ǻһҪ
ǵħ˵ǻҲܴϸ۲ܴĴŮֵûһУ֪ǻ񡭡
̲ܽסٴοһħ֪ħ򲻴Լϣϣһ鷲˸Źô󲻾ˡ
ħԣһҪϡ
ʵҲǲУϾһ졣


54 ķ
ǻ̵߶ķƶ, ֪ʥŦ򣬸Ϊ˶ĿĿȻ, ɷ, Ϊ൱ˡ
Ŧ΢΢ףл
ڳĹ巴Ӧһ󲿷ɫǺܺÿ
һ, 廹Ǵʦܽ, λڡ߹󡱵ĹȺת, λͻȻֵķạ̊́ȫȫƽɡ
ƽȻŸ߹ѪҺĹȨ
˵Щǻ̵ĳɾλĿãʥӵ, ڲȴļ̳ǲȻѰʵѡҲò⡣
ķҲͬӵм̳λȨ
ܽٹ۲Źı, Ӧò֪ķǻҲ֪λǻ
ϢҲȡǵĽԣ¶΢ЦҪ˵Ѿ˵, , Ͱõʱ⻹ǰɡ
ȻѾӵõʱˣôشϢ˭ܾô谡һʼ׼ܽʾõĹǶԥݲһˣóȻ¶ʾ, ˵ͱ˵վӡ
ܽٿڵ, ſЦվ˶¥Ǹ, ڿûа취úдλˡ
Ҳ⣬ҲͲĽⳡʣ׷ʮؿڣûϵģܽС㡣
ҲҪʱһϢ
֮еǻ
ܽ˿ȻĿɨһȦֳȴλķѾӰħҲѾߵſڡ
˲ӦȺĹ壬ȺͿ꣬ԼҴҸħĽŲ
Ī
ħѾ߳˻᳡ܽٸϵߣһס֪ħı£һȺһգ۵ĹͲ֪ʲôʧˡ
ƽʱħŻᳰЦððʧʧΡħӵؿ˿Լ֣ڿʲôش⡣
ֻܽΪǻ飬һѹʣҪ׷ȥ𣿡
ħһܽ٣ָܿƽı飬üëôˣ
ȡܽӣ⡢ⲻǲѡ
ǲѵı顣
ħҡҡͷܿȺߵƫƧˢſɫ˷
ٰܽѰ̽ˣʶסħ½󣬲ŷӦ˿Ǿڰӵ
ܽһʱ䲻֪Լðַŵ
ħͷŤһߣԼҪġ
ȻͿʲôĸȥˣǻ鷳Сħķǣ֪鷳ǰˡ
ħȳˣ벻ףķĲɡ
ǻĺţΧûмһˣҲ֪ǶȥʲôˡʹŮ̵Ĵ̽ȣǻԵõ͵ܶ࣬԰ɫΪż¶еԼɼĽߡ
ܽһ׼ˣħˣôȥ
ħѾߵ˴ǰƿһûϵģʮ䵽˴ϣͷ֣
ܽ٣
ħΪʲôô
ϸһԼڣ̫
ܽĥĥס֣·ԾɵԾ˴̨˫ֳŴһ̧ͷͿһӿʥŦ

ܽЩεգգۡ
ħѾޱ̧ͷܽһסǺôذɣ
ۡŦŤͷǿҪﲻסЦˣɤӣǿѹԼЦ⣬ܽС㣬һصΪţûҪġ
ܽҲǿѹĲڣװݵģͷŶҲķ֪ǻݷð
ݷðŦζʣĿٴĴûסЦһ
ħٴ̧֡
ܽһסˣĪ˰
ܵܽдšЦסˡŦЦ⣬ָ˷򣺡Ѿˡ
ܽС㡣Ŧһ
ţܽЩãȻػعͷ
Ŧ΢ЦŵݸһӣҪ͸ֻЩ⣬ûü
ܽʶҪܾȻŦѾѶ
ʲôصĶŦЦЦȥɣȻʥӴҪȼˡ
ܽ򴽣ֻð
ħۣЩؿܽۿɼڣôˣ
Ǹ࣬Ȼҵջľߣ
ܽٴۣħˣոոҪȥŹв־ԼǸˡ
ħħӦԼ·ˣ̧ۣħľǾӦĻ
ܽһһµ衣
ħǣһʱ䣬һ
ƿǰĴţܽٶһΪ˽ȥ
ƺһ鷿ӵǽϰ鱾ŷŹӵƺ޷һ˿ҡķǰǰ̯һ飬΢΢̧ͷҾͲµˡ
Ȼûܡħе㾪棬㲻һС𣿡
ķ¶εɫħ£Ҹϣ֮ܳΪ
ңҲûܹܹʹħ
֪ܲͲˣȷʵܴ֪ʲô𣿡ħµؿ
ķ۾𡣡
ӵԨΪɡ
ħ˵ͷѾ˰׼ˣҾͲ
ķݵ̧ͷʾ£ħ²ҳǰ𣿡
ħܴ𡣡
ԭ֪ʵΪʲôġ
ķס˶ͷ÷羫鰲ɡ
һڰϣǣΪ˶ȡңΪ˼ҡҴӺܾ֮ǰͿʼ׼Ӧ֪ģԶԨ֮ǰ
ܽˣڰʾħ󵽣ȿаϣصˡ
ŶħԴҲ˵ұ㣿
Ҳǻ񡣡ķźʼ磬ңﻹҪ̳ߵ
˵Ҵһʼףҵʵһ˶ռϣƬĵءûκһܹһ㣬һʼһ๥ڦĺҹȥ֮ԶֳӪпܾǼλһ
ҿأΪ㹻ģΪ׵Ҳһֱûзչͽӻֻи˹һ壬ϰ˵鵽˾ò˼飬Ҳ¼ʹս٣Ҳ뿪
ôң֪Ұóս飬һĸ׺ͽãһɢɳʱǾͻԼͥΪλˣսڿǾ޴ơ
ο׵Ǹ
ֻе㲻ѡٰܽŮѾվߣô˵
ħֱӣ°ͣǱҲ˵
ķĬ̾˿ðɺðɣ˵ڵ˰ɣ
һʼ˵ѡ˰ϣǣҶҴóȡ֪ʶ֪̽鱨ԨҲû˽⡣
Ĺ۲죬ԨһⱻȾ˺ɫǺǰûʲô𣬱ս񡢺ЩҵļһһǱȽϲºɡ
ϸ׵һңϣѾӵ㹻սռһϯ֮صʵ


55 ǻǻ
ҲСħûδ򶯡
ҽҪչҵļֵķҲż, ΢΢ЦӦöڲ²ұɣ
ħü֪˭
֪ķش൱䡣
ħĬؿ·˵ˮƽ
, ȷʵһó̽Ϣ, Ҳôܹ֪ġķͼչʾʵҿ϶ܸǷ鱨
ȷʵǴӲƺԷ, ҲἰԷȨ, ֻ֮Ϊ̸֮ǵĹϵһͽҲ̫һ, ηҲƴӣ֮Щ϶
Ϊʲô϶֪Щ, ĳɹ
ʮָȤħʮֵ̧̧°ͣ
ķҲûӣֻһλã֧Ӷʮϡ, ҲǰλͣΪ¹ʾҪӹϣǣ
ƺ˲Ŭӵ˰׵, ճûõʱ, չ¶˲츳ĳϣȶƺʧ˵ˡһ仰
ǵӴͻ, Щûȹ˻, Ҳһ, Ҳ·һ̿ʼӣһֱ궼ûаΪ
̲ܽסššüͷǳǸ棬ӵҲһְùơѱĵһģһٸܲǵֻҪкô
ķ΢΢ͷǺܼȴʵõĵ
ˣҲһԹޣҲҪӴѡι
ӵ˴ѵı㱦ǿ޷ֿʱӦô
ķѭѭգħûһܽ٣ⶪ
ܽٽյźţǰһǾͰˮѱŵϣڵдǰ໥
ܴķ
ٰܽԼͨͨħƨɫˮ
ܹļ壬кܴʶӻٸ˹ҾǡķЦ˵ѡ˴塢ʦԼƽʵǵһ׼
˹ұдŮ񡣡
崫кҵ֮еϸû֤ʵʹûУǼҲеֵķʦ
ĵҵŮ֮ǰǽӵǿ츳ķˡûľˣҲἤ߲
ǻ̾͸ֱˣҪǻˮԸںʥӣŦʥӡ
㡣ķĿ䵽ܽϣ֪ħľߣչ¶ͬеĴħʦһȻͰҲ˽ȥ
ʵֻѰܹԿλ
ܽ˼ֲù½ӷʦ
ս˵˻һ뵽Щмӣܹ̳аϣǵļʣ˵һͬ漣ˡ
ȤķٽҵÿɲЩȥĹ£ǻļ̳Ҳܸħϲæ
ǻڰϣǾӪôɲǰװ£ӵ⡣쵼˲һڰĸߣԭҶϲֹµġ
̲ܽסššüͷС飺ЩĶŦ򡣡
ķȵüëҵľߣĶ׸ҵͽеҵ裬õһȻҵٹ⡣
Ҳһܽ١¡Ծ˵ħ˻õľλƸ˵Ҳħ
ܽһ£ʶҪȴҲʵĻ
ħģǡ
ŻҵСħ̧ۣĵİϷԴһʱ䣿
Ϊʹնͷ­Ҳ޷ȥʹǲٵģô൱۵ġķ۾¶ǸЦݣֻ뵽ԺҲҪħˣЩ̲סҪ衣
Ҳλ߸ɵóء
ܽŷӦһ䣡ŭսȭͷħˣҿ𣿡
ħ°͡
ķŵЦЦλС㣬ǲеģһ鱨ǸƭӼġ
ҶֵĻҾͲˡ
˵ҲԴ˵Ϊֹħ°ؿڡ
ʲôķԼˡ
Ҿ㻹ɵó˵ĶҲеħɷнµصͷܽٲĵЦ¶һ۵Цûа취ħҲ
ܽ۾һ˳ߣӣħˣҲеģ֪ȺӡԨķǰˣȴҲû飬ӡԨ
˵ǸѪ񣬶Ҳûи飬ֻͼˡ
ķûзʼ磺ֻóơ
ţ㻹һѡħ۾Ťͷܽ٣㲻һ𣿡
ܽŭͷѿڶҿİħ˵ģֱ˵ԼʵΨͼļһһ
ħԼĶ䶼е㷢̣һˣ°ɣܽ١
Ҫ
ܽٹԹվһߡ
һ£ķһ
ġħ¶ƵЦݣһûɱ㣬ؼ˵ԡ
ķ¶һԲҵҵͽϡ
鷳ħ̾˿һ߿˴һֱܽ٣һķ죬ɣȻ˴ŮĽ̻
ķΧĳĿ⸴ӣҲðҴ˵Ľ̻ɡ
ͲˣܽٴǴҡڵ߽ȥɣŮܽٵġ׹Ժ󶼵ڵϰߡĽ飬Լ衣
ۿܽٺħһ˹׵Ŀ΢ȼܶ־ҴƵ𣿡
ܽԣָָķǵ֪ǰһ廹ҴſħĻǻŶ
׵¶ͬı顣
ķ۾ҲøҼôʮǰ׺ɡ
ߵøۣ׵櫣֤ħſ˳
Ů΢΢ͷߵʱܴɨɾ𣿡
ħ¶Ƶ΢ЦվĻԼɡ
ֻܽǰһ紵һ۵ʱķѾɳȥ˺üԶ
ħȱȱƲƲ죺û˼
ܽٵĿһͬ飺ĺŶ׵櫵ʱôһµġ
ķվҵǻۣںòĵˣħܿͻʧȥȤġ
ħܽ٣ȥѪɡ
Ҳµˡķ۾ͳһСƿħҪָѪмȡģҲ׼ˡģֶļٵĺ׷ֱ棬Ҳ١
û˼ˡ
ħɨһۣǸƭӼϢ
ķЦϣˡ


56 
ħķӵΪܲ⡣
ķƺȫоħŭ, ¶һ԰Цݣ·վ
һλ¶С㡣
ܽɫ΢ħҲɹλ¶С, һֱûҵʲôԵ֤ݡ
λ¶СǸƭӼһԱ, ӽӵĿġͿ²ôˡ
ķݵ¶ɵ²ɵ¼ҵĺӣɵ¼ŮӦ֪ԼǰˣЩ갢һֱ, ܹµĺ͵С
ƺмѾɹռȵ, ¶ɵµӾûôù, ҵŮƺǰƲ¡
ǽЩǵİѡֶΣŸصĹ壬شѪ
˵թͼı, ˭֪ǸһﵽЩʲôأ
թħüͷ̲ס壺ûܲ͸ʲô֮ǸŮ
ϾթıԸ, һƭ֣սĻҾ棬Ǹûᡣķεüëô, ħ, Һûʲô飬ֻķ
ħ֪ɷûϸ壬Ͼ˭Ҳ޷֤ʲô, ֻʣһأ
ķźҡҡͷ֪, Դ¶ɵ, ϾǴŮ͵ĽеõϢ
ǸŮֻǸͨķˣ֪¶ɵºĳЩн֪ǸƭӼ塣
ħ۾ƺЩ⣺Ȼ˲Ϣôⷴˡ
ƺ֪ܶ࣬ĺܶ鱨ȴ˲ɵûǲ
ķĪЦħˣ֪ʶֶԽಢԼ˽Խ෴ֻԼ֪٣ԼС
ħޱضûк˵˶ҽ
ħ֮ǰķɿغһ´Ҳ˵ˣ
ܽٺʹŮ񶼴ϵ㲻м⹷ģаӣ
ȷʵ˲鱨ħ˲ᱻĻƭɣ̲ܽסǵؿħһۡ
ħҲ̧̧°ͣȥѪ
ܽٵ˵ͷҪǱ֮飬ħȴɤӡ
ܽٵĶһ£Ҫó
ϸ룬ǰħ˵ָʾû֮飬һ
ߵķǰ̯ʾһѪŵ֮ϣװģʣȻǰ׼Ѫء
ķܽĵⷴĳơ
ˡ
ķ̲ס۾ħڲԶţ㶯ֻ֣Цһô£ҲܻѪʱֻб޻شԼѪϾһ;ƿݵʱһѪҲŤת档
Ҳ˵ȷʵַŵģܽŤͷħ˵ħˣѪʣ
ķ
ôһ˲䣬ΪԼгѡ⡣
ħôذ˰ֲ֣ȡ
ޡܽеʧ䣬ķַء
ķװѪСƿܽ٣ζؿһۣħ˵ľߣкܲһŦһΪǸϻۻŵֹС㡣
ħƤľԼˡ
Ҳ˵ɡܽС飬ƽҲƵȥϻۻŵġ
ħɨһۣܽٹԹԱ졣
ŮһֱԼƺ岻ϻҲħһķ磬ܵðæʵʲô
ԷǻһСʻпܱ˻Ů룬ҵһʵ⣬̧ۣĿ侲ƽϸżֲײĽһֱڹ۲ܽ٣
ķţҪϸϸѡ˵˵˹켣и޷ħ֮󣬺˾Ҿ޷ˡ
ϾͬΪ飬Ҳ޷ʱʲô԰ɣ
ŮһҲ͵˵ͷ
ķ۴Ц⣬û˵̽һߵϢᾪӵ飬ڲ̽ܽٵϢʱ򣬿ȷȷʵʵʲô
ֹħıӻ֮£Ͽ϶һֻͬǿǻǰ¶ʵķװ֪ʲôҲûʡ
ħ˸ǷǾǿȰҵӪɲͬˣħ
ķûʲôνӦһ׼뿪ħĸ롰Ӧ֪жᱳߣķ
ķЦݲס
ʧ˴ڡ
Ů뿪Ŵʾ䣺Ҫ
̫ˣҵԿ
Ҳħ̧̧ۡ
Ů˵ˣһ̫˵ǻܻ᲻زһΣСǵĻ˵Ի۵Ĵ˵ȻΣС
ܽЦŴԲѽŮҲڹϾҶһˣˣϲݮǰѧϰ㣬ȿ޲أ
ϲݮܽٵĻôŮãҲٲʲôˣҲ벻Ըǻİ취԰ЩŵԺͷ֮ݮȥԼֵġ
ŮƹܷպʹصĴ֮ĸŮֵˮһóԣ
ܽЦۣлħְסԴ¡
Ҷǻûɾ裬֮顣֮ǰи߹𣿡
ûСŮҡҡͷ֪ҲԾ˭ûᡣ
ʲôħ
ѵϵ³Ҵ㣬ƺвѾ֪ԨˡŮʵش𣬡Ҹ㲻˼ûлش˵Ի
һ̧֣һǰըγɾһӵһͷҫ۵̫ʧȥͷˬָ꣬潲ҪһҪһٸˣðҲһҪô࣬ǲ˱Ҹࡣ
ҪһȺµħʦΪͽ˵ͽ̤ҵء
Ҫһݵ·ıʯҪר˸ƷװΣҪ˸ݻױ
ħɫһѿǹ𣿣
һ֣ҫʧһҡͷ
Ů˵ͷܽٺߣΪͣѵϵ̫||֣ǸԸ൱鷳ļһ鷳൱ǿϣ㲻ҪᣬҲġ
ܽٳĬʵЩѾûʲôԵˣо̫
ħ˳⣬Ҳˡ


57 ϲ
ܽٺħڴŮ̶һ, ׵櫱ԭҲдһ裬ȻͲԵֿʼ˴ơ
ֻ, ׵櫾ͰԼľߡҲǹı˹
ܺԼŷͬ˹˷, ̵Ƽҵ·սޡļ룬Ůڰ굹һ״ܹڵһڶǻˡ
ŮȻֽ, Լߵ, ҲΪϧ֮׵Ľ, þòԸܽٺħؼҡ
ȵܽٺħصԼҵլۡɫѾˡ
ؽѵǵģҪһԾܳȥһ찡
ܽٹԹԵͷϴħͷŤһ߼װû
ȷƢŰѯǳԷû, ӶƺܽǱħľλ̳, ûûгԱҪ
ܽ¥ȥħҲҪ¥ȴСסˣĪ
ٴУסԼĺ, һ䱸ؿʲô
ȿı, Ҳ֪ǺԼûƿ£ЩصͷǸĪ
ħգգۣй, ĬĬ
Ƚ˽Լָ, ƺҪһԼŮ󣺡Ҳûƿ, ĺܱǸֻЩżˣΪʵǲ̫ŮӵĻġ
ħĬؿȻûлش𣬵װдšǻҵ𡱡
ȡɤӣþͺܲΪ˸Ľһ£˵ĵԼҲǺбҪģǰңҲ׼ô͸ˡ
ħԼٲ˵ʲô⼴ֵķһȥˣش𣺡Լᡣ
ţȺɵؿԼᣬȥʲôˣ
ħ룬ʵش𣺡ȥ˽ãǻ̵ĺʹŮ̵ġ
ȥʲôûʣħҲû˵һ١
ѽס죬ȼĳҵĹâѾȥѡĳǵĪҵģҿְ֪С˵׽Ŷεרң
ħֻȥ顣
ͷ˭
ħʵش𣺡ǻʹŮ񡣡
ȳĬ˰ΣһȻص˵ͷȥ˰Ҳýô˲
ħٽʲôԲߣȼ˼۾ǵԼȣ
˳ȻйصͷǸûסˡ
ħĬؿһʱ֮Ҳ֪ôͣûôҲͲͨģֱӰԴȽЧ
ܽٻص䣬ѴǻõСƿϣڵȴħһѪҺ֮ϣħƺе
ܽڷתȦ̲סߵǰһƿ˴ħײ
ħַסڴ̨ϣ°ͣʼɡ
ڲԼΪʲôôܽȻ棬Ҳûʡ
֮ǰǸСƿ
ûз֮ܵѪԶչҳ䵽ʮҳдšķ
һѪ£ҳܿʧܽٿħ̫ȷؿ˵ģ
ѪҲķѪħȱȱس°ͣûϵģҲƭҲû¡
ܽ˿СƿʣµѪҺݸħ¶Цͺá
ħüëµؿ㿴ôˣħµԽԽ࣬Ҫϰߵġ
һġܽƲƲ죬䣡
һռħλã
ħƺ˵ʲôĿ⸴ӵس°ͣ߶߶Щ
ϲ㣡
ǸСĻƺˡ
ħܽٿһֱе㷢ëСؿʣħˣ
ħһ
ܽٲ֪ôͻȻ˱ŤҪѯʣħĵؿ˿ڣ֪ԶʱĿͽǻᱻҵǽʾڷɵġ
ܽ㶣ħŤͷ°ͻڣѾˣҲûϵ
ܽûϸоŭǴŵվڣСѯʣǡҲûϵ˼𣿡
㣬û㿪ڵʱ򡣡ħûβȴ˦˦һû˵ꡣ
ܽٹԹԱ죬ȴħȥĻ
֮ǰ˵㲻Ƿң·˹ҲǷңȴǰħӡħЩŤץץ°ͣƺû飬˵еͰ͵ģ֮ûҲ
͵ܽһۣӦÿ˰ɣ˼
ܽŴЦڲǸûСѾͷˣΪ񣬲ŸףħǶǲһġ
Ҳô
ſ̨ϣЦۿħ֪ģû
ħһۣ˵ܶӡ
ܽЩҡͷԣѽĶұ֤ⷽ滹Ǻ׼Ŷ
ħ˺ģû˱Ҹˡ
ħƺĿޣ˶򣬿ܽһۣҿɲСǿħ֮Ჹġ
ջ˲ѪӶǻû½ţ˹ǿáǸؼա
ӦϵҫˣȻܽȴ۰Ͱ͵ؿʣҪ֮𣿡
ôߵСħ۵ȻȴûܽЦ⣬Ȼ˼ʲôܸġ
ʲôҲûС
ı廹Ԩħ˳һ⣬ֱƵһס
ʵҲصزʲôܽЦۣĽ𣿡
ܽ١£ħˢſ˳
ǵģľ߾ܽپ֣̹ȻħŭĿ⡣
ںѾûʲôˣħһŤͷ˵Ҫȥˡ
˵ţ΢΢Ӷʧҹɫ
ܽٻ˻֣С𣺡·Сġ
ܽ˸ǻҲܳħĵλ
öһ£ħǰ˵ˣȻÿЦŪȥˣˣһıħҵǽô죡
ħȷʵòǺβͶ൱ɰƺԼԨȾģôϲʵ൱ܽٵ
Ը͸˵ˣﻹħ
ȵȣôһ룬ȾϲħҲʲô˼飬Ͼ˭ܲϲħأ
ܽٵ˵ͷͬԼ뷨
ǵһ㣬Ͼħ˺׺ߡ
ܽ˱ѣεЦЦȻȶİǹģڸûпŷġ
ҪħˣܺԼӪжڰϣ֮⡣λ̳ߵ£ΪŮʵĻƺܸ˳µİħҪħһ£Ҳ֪ûȤ
ܽٻ۾ߡ


58 ʹ
ΧŨصĺ, ֶ·ܴŨĺܽʶ̧̧ȣ·Ĳ, ÿһԵóѹ֡
ģ
ܽЩ˼벻Ȼ, Ŀĵǰ̵طӦӦǸΡ
ΣƺӦһҵǽϷɵΡ
ܽļ̌, ֪Լȥ, ֱԼǰߡ
֪˶, ڿһһŨغļ룬ż͸һɫ⡣
ܽٸоһϤſ궯ĺԺ, ӷ϶ģħˣ
ħˣܽپڳ˯ħ˫ۣɺͫһ˿, ħĿ䵽ܽϡ
ܽһ´оˡ
δشŴֿ̧˿Լơ
ûкһΡ
˿ȻһŤͷһ˫ɺۡ
ܽٵɴ۾, Ӵֱӹȥ, ԷۼֿһѰ̻˴ϡ
λɺ˫ۣһħ峤ĸŮʿ¶Ǹ⣺ŵˣǸŵģ㿴˯ú, ûҳ㡣
˵ŵݳһŷ⡣
ܽɫƬĳѪצ˫, ˼ЦЦ˵ħǰżԲñ, Ҿ΢˿һû˵ŰɣɵС㡭
ܽһʼֻǱԼ̱һѣӦԺҲ£Щ档
˿⣬⻹һμħ塣
̲ס࿴ۣѯʣҲǡ·˹𣿡
ģһԨôãһһˡħ¶Ц⣬ƺܽٵԴԼצ˻ȥֻŬɢ⣬ѡٻ·˹ҵĺҲֻΪǼΪǿʢпܻѪ档
ԣȻǲѪϵ棬Ǵҵ̡ҶһأҿɱΧŵġ
ܽٿȭͷ˵ɱΧһɱΧ
ͷûи֡
ħһ£һ֣Ҿ˵Һ˵ʲôԽ÷ɯ߽ҲԡҿɲЩһһһۣʲôĸҪҽԨʱҲͱڴһ㣡
ܽٴ÷ɯ㡣
ţ÷ɯ¶ĳֿë̵Ĵ飬˫°ЦۣȿŰɣҪŵĻҿֱӰȥ
áܽӦһҲЩ˭š
ǰ׵ӣǳ籩ᣬûжӰ죬ԴһػöǷ
٣ܽ١£Ҳ¾ᣬһû˯þЩ飬̫·ǸħӶţȻţӦҲ͵͵Ҵʹɣ
ѶȿɱȾôʹˣܽ°ͣûóȻӦ÷ɯѯʣܰӴӹ𣿡
÷ɯ¶ŵЦݣֻҪ˵ԣǾͿԣ
ܽ룬ʸд˻ţ˼൱ࡪԣüǮ
ŷ⽻÷ɯħһȥ׼Ӵӡ
ѯſڵŮ֮ŷ֣ħƺûдӷܽԭǴȥģͻȻħƺ˵ȫԨ֮ǰûߡ
ܽ°ͣŲŲħķǰãʣħˣ
ħ
ܽٴ˷ţǰľһ˲ѸٹķţŮ͵ߡ
ħ׼ĴСϧħֻĴĳ˿ռ仹ԵøСֻƺԼ뷨һֻŵؾչһֻûʲô΢ţһֻίί࡭
̲ܽס࿴˼ۡ
ħǵദܽѾ˽ˣ˵¶ħһӷɣķװ±һ
ħڴϰۣϣ͸¶һů⣬ɹ̫è
̲ܽס¶Ц⣺˵˯𣿡
ħĺڷɢڴ̼䣬ó֧س°ʹ˸ǷŬֿ˯⣬ôʲô£
ܽٵ˵ͷ׵ӸҴţ˵ܿ˺̸̸
һ磿ħüëż
˵²ҿ϶û˯þԼôżܽ°ͣɲ²⣬ҪЭλĻҸôܾء
ֱ˵ؾܾħصһۣҪʲô𣿡
ܽҪش𣬴ȴȻˣûȻӦ÷ɯͰͷ̽˽¶Цܽ٣Ҹոȥ㷿仹˸ء
ܽЩ㵣ôͻˣأ
Ŷû׼Ǹ˷µĻš÷ɯЦеصݹֽţϴŷյϲã෢⣬Ǯո
ܽԵչŷ⣬±ʵȺīŨȶܿŭȴֻмʡƾʲô
ʲôƾʲô֪ǰħؿܽ١
ܽʵش𣺡ܲܰ͵˳˵ԣüǮ
͡ħЦһΪʡǮ໨Ǯһţǰ׳ӡ
÷ɯüʮִȵ˵ûϵʵҲˣ￸һ˺һҲûʲô𡣡
ܽ°ͣ¶һ۵Цݣ벻õģͽҰɣһԹǮġһطһֽʡ
ħ֣ĳԶ򿪣羫ֽǰܽʣܵģҲдģڴظдš
İ׵ӵ£ﰴؼƷѡȻԸҲԸ⽵۴ܹϾǵӶҲ˵ˣһӺһҲûʲô𡭡
ħ°߿дţɫĳ߻䣬ܽٵϣĵ÷˿īʤѩܽٵĶһ¡
ħ޲شߴ٣㡣
ܽٳſڣĲħ
û˵꣬ħޱؿסԴвܽ١£
ԭħôȫܽһѾŻˣǱ軵˵ĺһЦؿڣǣҺ˵ģһдˣ
ħһɿ֡
ܽŵĩβһ䡰ڻ¸ۡĴݡȻݸ÷ɯ
ģҺܿͻ
һʧ˴ڡ
ܽٺؿ뿪ķ򣺡ħˣӻħ壬ӵкһ𣿡
ħƳһۣôۣǻЩͽһͳ½ˡ
ֻǱԨӰħ壬ħ屾ͱǿΪܹԨҵ֧Ǵǻ٣ͷԪظ׽ģٱܵʱҲõ
ܽٵ˵ͷֳģһ룬ħһɱʵͺǿˣٵĻػϣҲǴ´˰ɣ
šħûзϣ°ѣѵϵҲʼѰԼˣ˵һӽĵǣҲԴԴϵ齵١
ܽٲͷŴ⣬ȹڣţףôȥ׼ˣħҲҪˣֲ˯ڴʲô˼
ħ۾ɫĳһǣװû
ܽһߣһ߲ĵٴνŶĻһҾͽˣƿģ
ħŭȳ


59 ͬ
÷ɯͷȻڻе, ɵشӴܽЦЦҵ˵㡣
, ȥԺ, һٸңʲôԼ޼֮ⲻǸ𡭡ȻǮóˣ
÷ɯܽٵ𾴡
ܽЦЦûô, ҪӱȽϺƭ
ħ, ӵıе΢ǲûӣ
ܽٿ÷ɯҪòŻѣ
÷ɯݸһСУһ¾ͺ, ˡ
ƺǵӿ÷ɯһʧ˴ڡ
ܽٿЦãǸӣһĳζ, ħɫŵòܽۼֿ죬ѸٰѺӵݵӱ»һ, ȻԴٶȰѺӸϡ
ƺҲһħߣԺǹɾĳζȻһ㶼Ųˡ
ؿȣʲôζһֵصɴ۾ɲؿܽ, ⡢ǡҡ
ܽЦݴ, ׼õĺݵǰ΢Ц˵˵ʲôأίСħӶӳ, ¸ۡһһٸ𡣡
ӾɲؼԼ, ԼĶӣҾøеʹ, ǲǳûˣ
ôءܽʸڷϣϵЦе㶼û䣬ǡħӶţһķŶ
ħͬص˵ͷ
ۿƺлɣܽҪ˵Żǰ𣿡
Ŷӻع˵ͷȷʵ²ġλ̳˵£˵ܽ١С㣬㿼Ǻҽͬ𣿡
ܽüëɿغħһۣ־俪ڣָʲôͬأ
ΪҿӮ治ͼ£ҳΪҾá
׵Ӻûжŭ쳣侲ƽֵˣܽ٣ףһߵλ̳˵ĵز֮λزˡ
ҲҪЭң㣬費ҪҵЭ
ħһͻȻڣⱾӦλ
ӿЦһûмƽħĲ죬ҲţλǸеӶŵ졣
ڣǰϢҿ϶ǻŭġѾʮ׼ҶҲʵ
ܾԼʲôϣܰҵλҿصˡ
ܽüë˼ǣạ̊́𣿡
ҲȫţԲҪֱ壬۾ܲңܽС㣬λ˭
ܽû̻ش˿ں衣
ħûгǾ˼
Ӳֳôޱܽٶٻеɯ׵飬ҵλἰȥ̽Ȼʵġ
ôһ룬еô
ܽ˵Լ̧ͷΪ˲öԷԼڿЦһ쳣˵ħ
ʲôӻǰڳһڸҿЦı顣
˵ҲûιϾӶŵ־ͽħܽͼʶԼģѵǵһ㶼ħ𣿡
Ӻ˵һ㶼ǵδͬˣΥĵسĬ
ҶҵǸӶţû֪ʲôʱֵģǾƾճһֻ֪ƺԳǴӱģʵҲ쳣ǿ󣬻ա
ɣǲǴӱӲ۹ģϾλոյǻǻʣһֱ԰ϣǵش
ܽһ£ǻʣ
ԳƵġƲƲ죬ųƵõʾд˵սʱƬǹ룬紫˵еľ
ܽգգۣôʣ
ʼ磺ôֲ֪ҸģԼҪôС
ֱ֣ľߡħƺͨ뵽ʲôǸһĻǲԳΪġλǻԭӦþЩѪѾʧȲѡ
ǰħҪλ˽ûֱӽг
ɻؿħ񡭡ôô˽⣿
ܽЦеؿڣ˵ħĲ£ħ쵱Ȼħˡ
ٴγĬܽ٣ٿħŬʵ
̾˿㣬ȷǲӲ۹𣿡
ܽٵ˵ͷǵȻӲ۹Ԩ
Ƭ;Ǻ÷ɯšܽŤͷħͬʱڶԷпһ仰ǻʣҪʱҲ
ӿû˸ս
ܽͻȻŤͷʣ֪ħһɣ㿴ƺҲûô£
̾˿ô˵أұϾǸ壬Գ֮ľҲϷ½ĵġ
ħüëûǸ񡣡
൱ԣҧгݵ˵֪ҾǴȷֻ˵ţҸΪ
ȻԳħһɣҲûʲôɱ޹ȷѪ顣ȻҲ֪ħѰϣУôԴĳ񣿡
ħ˼һش𣺡ħһĵط
һ£׷ʣȻأ
Ȼܽ١ħ˿ûиذӸܽ٣һֱ׳˵λֲ̳ңҸҪЩ顣
ӵıЩŹ֣˭֪λλ̳߱ӰӣλҲֻΪĿܶѡλħƺҸ̫࡭
˵Ҫˡôأܽٳ°ͿյѬգѾ̱ʯǸĹŮˣѾһЩ̸еļɣʵظԷһЩѹ
ӿҵ֧֣λʱ˳
ǲҪܽ΢΢֣ǿħһɣζ˳ģʱᱻǡħԻ;ĵùӣо׳ӵˡ
Ӳ߳ŭܽٳ°ͿҾԸгһ㣬취Ūұλ
ָָϣӺܿ˼
΢˼һ£صص˵ͷһ취ģҸѾϣҹκй飬δػңܻԼ顣
ܽٵͷʵҲûȫϣѹϣ˵֮ϲ
̽ſڣȣһһ⡣
Ĳɯ𣿺ôǵĻԼûн
ӴۣĵӦϣǻԼˣûҪӦΪһż̳λĿܡ
룬ţҶһ˳ԼҼ̳λĿԱøСһ㡣
ܽͬؿȻܿҲû취ȷʵɯ˺ܶ鷳ô۸ҵŮһлҲݺݻġ
˵λǳĳŮ
̾˿ҺɯףǶиԵǡҲǻΪ˰鲻һеˡ
йأ͵ӹһ١º޹أǾ͵ǡ䲻ùɡ
˵껰ĬؿŴ⣬ü䵭ƽ٣վҸ뿪ˣáħĹӶһ𣿡
ȻܽЦس֣һٽҡ
ʲôһ𾪣ôȥҾǳ߼ҲҪһң
Ҳ֪ܽҲ¶𾪵ɫҿոճ־һٽңΪ֪أ
ӣ


60 ج
ܽЦ, ǵͬһŴðɣҲǵѣ͵Ҳ˻سƱ, ǵӶرȥɡ
ȵȣӻûüٴο, Ϥζͷһᣬ֪ػ˹ȥ
ħסܽٵıӡ
÷ɯ·شӴ, һѰڼ, ¶ˬʵЦݣôȥͻˡ
ߺ, Ѹٰѿв㴵˸ɾܽСħӺܴ˵ǿܵ𣿡
ħԥػش𣺡Ҿòᡣ
ܽڱסһر飬סЦ
ħ°, زİϷǹġ
ȡܽٲ˼ЦΪͻȻ¶üӣ۸ĺȤ
ħʵ, ˵ͷΪӦҲ˺ܸȤ
ҼǵǲԻ
ܽһ£еУ⻹֮ǰȥץܵʱԼģڡ֪ǻ᲻ȥ
ħô⣺ȥĻ, Ǽʶһº, Ŀ˳㻹ܡ
Ƿˡ
ܽգգۣ˳㣿
ûʲôħû˵ȥƺϲϲǵʱ˵ɡ

ܽȥһ°, ҪҪԻ, ܿظ¶, ¸ˣҪġ
ǾܽѣڶԻճС
Ϊ£ڶܽٵֳ̾ŵ˵ʱԵø顣
Ըû˵ѵġ
ףŵȻܽһȴʣôһˣ
ǸһֱһЩ޴ֳֵķˡӶأ
ܽգգۣʶ˵ħˣ̲סЦһȣе飬ԻӶĻһ𣿡
ŵ˴˴Ȼ͵һԼĴȣ԰ôû뵽Ӷæ
ȡɨȥŵӣЩ˻ں޵ˮ
ܽٺôˣ
ŵ᣺˵һʵսûУǰǰߵʱҲϡֻﰡ
ܽļ򣺡ҲΪá
Ѿǰ߾ءϾλǻʵǹ룬ħЧ
սһƽսûʽƾѾôţ˭Ҳ֪֮ʲôŵѵӵħ츳ʦܻϣеԱ
ܽٿ˿Լλãħڣȷʵ΢е㲻ֻ˵Լе飬ܺһȥԣʲôûж˵ˣܽٺ⡣
ɯ׼ʱƽҲûʲôֻͬƺҲеʧħ
ʮֵ͵λ¶СߣֻǹⲻܽߣԵЩ顣
֮ܽǰСλƭӼŮεһС
ǻǱߡǰʥŦλַʦˣλġʥӡķȴû
ŦЦŽͣķȥ̵׷ǽˣ˳ǻ֯Ƹڡ
ķȡʥ֮λϾֻǡܽٿƺЩ㲣ɫǺܺá
Ŧע⵽ߣ¶Ц⣬ʣʲôɾĶҽŲҴմ͵ĹǧЦҡ
Ȼô˵϶֪ԼϸûйǸܽһ̨¶ѡ
ûСܽЦЦЩĵʣֻɫǺܺãǻܷæΣҲҪעϢ
Ŧһ£¶ЦǱǸΪҲġǻһкܶҪķԺҷ˺ܶࡣ
ֵܽգգۣôһ۵ӣ
ŦһۣЩԥǿ˿ڣҲֻǺѵĹģҲ˵ԼѴǡ
˵ġܽϵؿ
Ȼλǰʥĺ꣬ķľߣʵûôôߵȫݳģȷʵǸˡ
ܽ룬ͬżҲ԰һСæҪ˵õʲôǻ鱨Ǿ͸׬ˡ
Ŧ˱ۣЩƣؿڣجβ
εһЩҴе־飬Щģ᲻ĳֲõʾ
ţܽһ£ͻȻ뵽Լ֮ǰǸΣԨɱ¾ħ
ƺһֱù˲ûʶʵǸجΣ־δ
ܽԵЩãȻ
ŦƺûϵܽٻַӦɻؽһܽС㣿
ȡɤӣȻ˶òˣͿʼ԰ɡûʲôҪǶһʵսϾڵҲ֪
Ŀ⸴ӵؿǰԼѧⷨʦھͳλλѡˣϣɯ׺ܽ໥ڸ˹ҵǸСӵǲõģǲûжλҰģѾŮ񣬱λȫ֧ܽˡ
̾˿˻ʾǿʼ
Ŧܽһۣܽٵ˵ͷͬķ
ȵΧûˣŦſڣոյıЩ֣뵽ʲô𣿡
ܽԥŵͷôһѡƺҲجΣûÿôƵ
˵ħ˯ʱ֮ͷ棬ѵǲʲô
ܽٲض
Ŧûаµɺϣšüͷȥ֮һķҲ͡λ˻㱨һС£ҼǵعһλС˯񡯵ƹ˯ߺξ
ܽѾصѧϰˣôһѣҲʶʲô˯ǺҹŮĺӣҹŮãһλթ˯թֵܣпܺͬһӪ
Ŧصص˵ͷ
ܽ°룬ǻħȥ˯鷳ˣ

Ȼһ紵ܽ͵̧ͷƺħɵؿŦʣû
Ŧšüͷ֤㿴
ָܽ˸򣺡ȥ
Ǹŷָһ·ǰѾΧ˲ˣЩԵ֮⣬вƽ
ɯšüͷôƽǹ˽Գ
һŵƽǺԭ£˵ԼɡΪ硣
Ϊ˷Ǳ紵ñӡ
ܽѾȷħֱˣֻǲ֪ʲô
ǰ˼ħԽԽܽ٣
ǰУȻȻпŵķ綼ֻܿ࣬Χ˴ۡ
СģǿռħҴҸİֹȻѾˣڳ˶һ˷籩룬ֻһƬҶĸɾֵء
ĿЩͣܿ췴ӦǵŮ񽻴ӽԺڵÿ쳣пйأǰȥʾŮ
˷籩֮еǣ˿̳һϵĽ̧ܽͷţſڣƺǡһ


61 
ڵĹЩ, ܽȡʯл𣬻ûüͿɯƼĻ⡣
ܽٶ˶, ʯл˻ȥ
Ķ
찡, һ
㡣ɯװ, ûԱվм, ʦվΧ
ŵСֹҾҲûԱ
ô˵, ǹԹվΧ
ƽǼһţŦ򰲸ǣ£ǻᱣǵġ
ûʥӵţ۶˺ܺõ, Ѹ侲Թָʾ
ӱǿվΧ¶ץ, С㿪ڣ¡
ܽεɨһۣңȥ
ӷ߷߲ƽС飬׻˼˵ʵܽٵ̬ͷ˲, , Ӧⲻ
ԺħûٸʾˣҲ֪ڸʲôܽһ£ǽǲͼ
ɯеĻǽգȻдʻıڻ
ʶǰǻʥŦ򿪿ڣһϵ, , ĳЩĸ, Щ̻ٲԼڽ̵ĽúΪ˷ֹñ٣̻ڵԱ뿪ʱÿռħȴѰؼա
ɯ׿ѯʣ˭
Ŧ΢΢ҡͷڻҲ֪ˣߣһڻǴ߿𡣡
ŵֹһ䣺Ըʲôа顭
ƽǱһţֹ
ӰٵЦһ˼ҵСĴŭˡ
̰
ɯûӵĻһǰ˼Ŧָķܿıڻ
ΪûĿ|ɢŹâľˣضվɽĽ£ֻ䡣ıϢ䴵磬һֻɫŵӰ
Ŧͼܶĵһڻǽĵͱǻ⣬̫ۡ
λûĿľˣӦþ֮ˣУڴ֮ڵڶԪʧȥӰ˵˶ãҲֵܽá
Ҫô㣬թùħ˽壬ܽٵɫЩŹ֡
ɯԵͷλĺ֮䡭ƺûļأ
ײŦһ˿̾⸱ڻԶӣӦòǵԪĲп׷ݵڶԪһԪ
ЩƫأӹֻһЩܵ
Ҳ˵пһλΪ֪顭ŵɫ𾪣Ȼһ°ͣȵȣĻλ֪ҲǴ𣿡
һֳ˼ӡ
ܽĮؿһۣİɣħѾˡ
ɯ̾˿ûһڵĴ̣
ŵ˴ҲԼ쿪ˣСֹһ˵
¿ɡܽٳߴ٣Ҳе棬ħ˵ڻϣЩʲô
ڻһ³֮ıڻϣǸֻ׳顣ڸߴľɹֻ̫׵ĳڵչš
ҹ˶ĹʵʹڱڻҲˣߴľ£һȺżª࣬۰Ͱ͵ؿϵĹʵ
΢΢ۣ֦ͷĹʵ䣬µ˸߲ҵؼʰסݸл
Ŧ˿΢΢¶Ц⣺λ顣
ܽٽͷȻˣ綼Ҳڶôˣ
֮ıڻλ֪ദˣõʳ¶ӣؿ
Ƕ鱣žηηغǣϢĴ
ɯһܶﶼð³ΪչϡǻҲйڹЦkǻۣȡľʾ£⼸ӡ
·Ϊ֤Ԥ룬һڻܲ㻩ͯڸ߸ߵ֦ͷ۴ޣĴҲ޲ߡ
ɯȭͷȻһͼһֱûŲѵ˵ط䵽˺ǹŵ֦Ѿϣſ˽׵ǵꡣһСܲͷضĳ£һɵЦҲ֪ڻôģȻһСܲͷ͵͵ĳ
ܽٿŻ鲢Ͱı飬һдʵ磬ħһǶôһŲԸȴرЩӡ
ĺŶ뷨Բħ֪
ǲٺ£Сܲͷ˵أҲһδӸ߸ϵ
ϸлμ硪˵磬ҲΧȾƳѣ̱ʯףеơ
ƤϡСóߴˣͷǻһãؿǰֵľк˾Ƶķˣ˲صߣҲûн⣬ԼľƱ¶º͵Ц⡣
̲ܽסס˺λӵн飬ɫĳͽɫͫʥࡢ߹ӵױȵᡣ
ħԭӡ
ܽЩʧ񣬵Ⱥвͻأ˶һЩ
ȿڵĻŵˣҿͼѰͬ飬ǲǺе㲻̫һ
û̽ӻٶ˻شȷʵһ߸ϣô׽飬Ҳǰ
𣿡ӺȻһ󵨲²⣬᲻ʵ飬Ǻ;顢һ֡
kĺ ɯȻֲͬ
ûٽӻҲ֪ԼĲ²ʵôס
Ǿ飬ҲɭŮ񣬾ǾˣҲ̩̹֮񡣡ŦԼĹ۵㣬һ࣬ƺûн
ϸ鿴һ£ıڻƺҪһЩпǵԪĶ
һߵܰԵҪҵö࣬Ԩ֣˺ͶﱻȾħƬ½
ӻѾǸڵСˣٲȻѾһװ磬ҲȻ򣬺γĶԱȡ
𹭼緢񲻿ɵֱָԨ
ڶ࣬Ůִƾˡ
ȻһƬհס
ǽԻ˺Ŀռ䣬ռħڲˣҲûܹϽβ
һ֣ۼؿڻͶһй
Ŧŷ룺ƺǡʱأʱ޿̲ھֻ÷紫һƼ
˶þ˵ŵ૵kȥԨҲûлk˭
kǷ񡣡
ԿȥܽվǷڻǰִڻϷգ̱ʯͫʢˮ
뿪ãȻȴϢǹصĻƽƾߣ֮գһһʢľƻᡭ
ܽٽϵͷkĺ֮еkѵӣǱ
ʱǧ꣬ЩɳٹȨؼա


62 
ûô֪ġ
ǿǰıڻ, ƺҲżһĴ
ɯȴø࣬ǵԼܽٵļ壬ĸ׳·˹, ǸڶԪͻȻûĴ, ѵǸŷȥԨ
ܽٵõʲôʾҲǲܵ顣
ʱ, صķ, ٻǰ
ʹ֪׽, ڶԷ˻ǾҪ־衣
ܽѾ˳ȥ
ܽ٣ɯ׽һ
ܽ΢΢ͷɫмãû𣿡
΢΢ҡҡͷ, ɯšüͷСĵ㡣
ĻԵҲûš
ܽٵ˵ͷӰʧ˵
ûж, ܽһ·ߣܿ͵˾ͷʹһľͷһ񡪡ǰϣһ̬ķ
ڷĶ, վڵ, ſֻɫħ
ܽͣ˽Ųһħˡ
˵ڣŷԼſǻôôί
ħȻҲһ, һ𾪵ػعͷ, ɲؿдһίܽ, ŵóϵë
ܽ۰Ͱ͵ؿأħˡ
ȻӣǺһҭ
ħЩɵԼϣֲЩĹ壬֮Ķֻ¶İ㳯䣺
ܽٵžҡҡͷͳԼС־û꣬һҲŲ
أħˣǰһֱ֪ã֪ôá
ħЩ޴룬װͰ͵صۣôˣʲô
ܽٲŲװףſޣأôԨһ˺ܶί
ħ˿ΪԼһգûɵѾͷ汻۸ء
ʲôоٰܽθɲС£Ҷ֪Ϊ˽ô࡭
Ҫ֪ħڵض˶򣬡ֲΪ˸԰ڲȥԨġ
ءֿܽʼޣǵþúþá
ħ˵ˣ̾˿ֱ֣һסܽٵüͷ᣺ˣ
װͰֵͣĶᡣ
ܽ۾ħۣ˵˽ǸٿޣҪҪˣ
ҪҲеġܽգգۡ
ţħĿⲻƵüë
ֻܽٿħﶼ͸ۣȻڵħҲܺÿòüħ֮ǰñ˿βͺͽǣԼһǲϲġ
ܽؿûʲôҪ𣿡
ħ΢˼һ£Ҫ㲻𣿡
á֣ܽص˵ͷ촽ͼסᡣ
ħһ̲סϵЦ⣺ںһܺҪ㡣
ܽЩɣҲᱻ𣿡
ᡣħԴԲϡֺЦ
ܽ٣
аɣħҲܼһС°ɡ
ħתǣǰߣ˵õ㿴
ܽע⵽ǰ滹һŹ˵ǰŻе㲻̫ʣƯڰУΧķ
ҵĹħ¶ЩɫұˣҲһ鷳ŹҲһ㡣Ҳûãһ𱣴ˡ
̧̧֣Źɵ
ݸܽ٣ܽ١£Ұš񹭡͸㣬֮ǰ£㻹𣿡
֣ܽоŹķ羫ɢתȦŹĹŴ̵Ĳʻ棬ɫ˾졣
ָܽоֻҪʹûйҲСһ
ϲŹο˿̵ħŲԵЦ⣬ó档
ܽź֪Լո۴޵ӶˣЩصͷС˵ûʱɡ
һʼûħΪص˸ڡ
ħȴ𰸲ô⣬üë׷ʣûʲôˣʲô¡ֻ㣬㻹
ٰܽͷҡ˲˹ģСش𣺡ҷǳˣҲǳϲֻҲ֪øʲô񡣡
ħ⣺Ǿ롣
ܽС飺һ˵ʱ˵ûġ
ߡħЦҾ֪㲻񣬽ƻСȥɣȻȺһҪΪǲǳˡ
ܽٱŹֻعͷڼҵ
ħЦһһȵҡ
ܽٷģų뿪
鷳Сħҡҡͷβȴת˸Ȧ

ܽٱŷ񹭳ǰ˶̲סɫһݣȻλϵ츳ڵķʦܵ˷ľˡ
ڼλ֪Ļġ
Ŧ˼ǻֻܽħľħȴûж˵ŦȻҲ²kλû뵽Ȼ׶ûмصķ
һ룬ٿڻͽǰԨ뵽ڶԪԨͲٳ֣ҲЩ롣
ǡħʲôĹȻ˶ĿģⲻǸ˾
¶ӵ·Сʣӵ£ǡ𣿡
Ȼѹô£û˵Ļ
˵Ŀˢˢ䵽ǰѹϣȷʵһͲǷƷһǴһԶҵģȷʵܷݡ
̹ܽȻص˵ͷϣǷ衣
ˢˢһʱȻһնܽ٣ɯף
ŵ˵һʦôнҵְ
Ĭһ˲ھͺãʱվŲ˶ã
˶һۣɯ׵ϣƽߣ㡣
òߴ٣ƽô˵ɴس˳ȥ
ʱվᰲȻŵ뿪ٴλصƬ֡
˿ŮõģֻҪŽ˾ͿˣǲزڿƽһĲŵ˶
ôһ£˶ûʲôԵˣ׷״ظ
󣬿ֹ
ܽﱧŹȻһ۰ʮִ󷽵صݵǰҪĻ㿴ɡ
ȻʧЦ΢΢ҡͷҲҪ
ܽٺЦЦԭڿǸøһħ߷ģϾҾҪ뿪һˣеĲ㡣
ܽٵһӦǾԼˣһ㶣Ҫһȥ𣿡
ЦһҲֻһȥڵķʦĸ£ļλʦǱԸæ壬һʹżӡ
Ȼ˼ıҪʱҲȻҪԼΪȡ
ܽٳĬֻͻȻؿڣһ·Сġ
º͵ص˵ͷħǲҪˣһ͵ħ㣬úšʲôѣҲȥұǸϼһȻôףҲܰϵæ
ԸŮ㡣
˵еĽº͵ؿܽ٣ܽ򴽣ҲԸŮ
ͱôҲǴŮ˫ӦòµģԷһħܲܵɵ֣Ͱһ

¸ۡڣħڴڣźû¶βͣҲһۿ鲻
ЦܽٺϲŹ
šħֵص˵ͷ
ЦҲܺʣ˷ȻܽΪʲôѧϰħż죬Ѿӵôǿ
ڵĹ֪ܽҲĴڣ˳㻹ϵпǷ
˳㻹ܰǵɵѾͷ忪ģǷǳʵء
ħĶ˶٣ſڣŶš
¶ȻЦݣʱ϶ûôֻ࣬ԼʲôöȻͰ͸ܽˣ԰ɣ
ħĬȻ˵ûܾóԺ¶顣
ħԲѺöԼľʲôⰡˡ


63 
ܽ١¡ĵԼϰŵ, ɫЩء
ԭûаǸͻȻ㣬ǳ, ҲԶ̱ʯ, ﲻһæǴ嶼ǻ̸в
һпɾͲһˡ
ĵָߵ, ʼӦԷ
Ӱ, һͦεͻȻӰ˳, ˵㿴ڴ˶֪ˡ
ĵһǿԼֻ΢΢ͷ, شۣǵģұҲڣҲġ
, ǵĹϵǿɲһǲģһϵˡһɫ궯ɵƹ, һ㹻Ư, ȴ֪Ϊʲô·һת۾ͻ
ĵûİʾ, Ĭûнӻ
ܽ١Ѿľ, Ůʹôֿȭĺͱ˾˵, оλҰ𣿡ԼƣһԼƱϸŮ˵ģһֱָڴִũģÿĵϻһ亹
һ¶Цʵ׼ˣɯ׻ǸСѾͷĲҵľ𣿡
̫ˡ㲻ؿڣδ˵ģѧŷ֡
ĵľܾٴοڣȻڼһʵˡ
ЦЦؿںּۻ𣬲ءĵ֪׸ĹƷԴγãʲô³𣿡
ĵ˳ǣʣʲʲô
Ҳ֪ͻȻ¶˲õЦݣˣҲ֪Լʲô
λվս˿ĵҲ֪ҵƢǰˣۡ
ĵҡͷҾû˼ֻǸһԼ⣬˵ĻҲδػ
Ǿ취ƭв뾡취Թķ·΢΢һֻ˵Ůֲȥ˵λôĵġ
ҵӦʱ򣬿һ仰ûƴǣʧļһ
СͷɵȴթΪɣСģܵ񷣵ġ
˵仰ʱͻأʧˡ
ĵͷԼµò֣ͣ͵ְסˣһ˿⡣Ȼֶף뻢ıƤûа취뷲ƭթ³ɯס
ĵĿ鷿ĻϣʱĻķӵһͷɯһĻ쳤С΢΢¡ϴҸЦݡ
ĵʹر۾

ҹɵ¸ۡ
¹䷿䣬ϵŮüͷ԰׵ָڲץ˴̣ƺµ׷ϣ̲סҪ
˿վӰûôᣬߴ˸ָĵ˵٣ҵŮøɻˡ
¶͵ؾѣڼǰ˵һ˲䣬̴Ӵվϵعǰˣ
թص˵ͷϧ̾˿˶һʶʱͺˡ
Ǹ϶ּۻۡ
εɱ⣬¶ϵذͷ͵ø͡
֪һˣЩ˰ҪڲϣŻ֪ϡթζЦһȥɣȥ̨ЩΪ˵֪ǲе
䣬ȼܵĴ
¶ŵشϹȥŵؿթһʱЩŲ
㻹ɵվŸʲô͸߹ƻ𣿡թ¶ϧɫܰø˿㡣ҪǶ̫ıĻҲŶ
¶֪˵ˣ
ԥҲԼ˯۳˫㣬ܲײ¶̨ҧ¶̨ȥһ߷ߺ˰ŻˣŻˣ

¶̨ߣ|˫¶ǾԼ·˫Ų˵ϣͣ¡֪ԼµĲǳ𣬶Ǹħµ飬ݵò⡭
¶¶ʵĿ־壬˻ߵغȾңȾңûˡ
ڼҵĹɿ˳鿴˶ǰľ󾪴ˣɵ¸ۡѾһΧܾȵĳ̶ˣ
ôʲôĻŻͻôѸͣ
˴󺰣ȥҷʦⲻһܾȵĻˣȥˮϵʦ찡ȻҲҪˣ
ι쿴ۼƺŤȿ￴һӰǲˣݻ𣡡
ҲˣˣŶˣţ˭
¶С㣡˴ҴҸΪף¶涵̧ͷû뵽˾Ȼ˹ɿˡ
ֻ֪һᣬλ˹ɿүûʲô˿̶һͷҵͷǸոմӴżα
ʵоȻ¶һ˲䡣
Ҳһ˲䣬˳ץ֣ãȻ޴ʵˣ˭˭ŵĻ𣿡
ҡҲ֪˹ɿүãȻҡҡͷµؿĻ𳡣ôˣ㡢ļأ
¶ûлش
ôĻûӳ¡
ι¶ɵг𣬻𣬸òλ
꣬˵㲻Ҫˣ
ǡ
˵ոǸӰĺ
ÿÿĶҪˣԶԶɢȺһ׵İŷϾߵ˻֮ǰ
ΰ֮񰡣ˮĴȱˢһд֮ϵɣ
·ǻӦٻպܿС꣬Ѹ㵹İꡣ
߻Щûһմ壬˾ûôˣˮ͸ˡ
¶˹ɿڰߵʱͻȻ͵˳ȥһסĽ
ʲôɴӼֱֽļƣһʱԲ۾
ңǳǳǲħģ
ͳóŴ겻סزţ˭˶Ĳ̡
˼ɫѿ˵ˡǡ˾ǰɯˮ
Ⱥ˽ιϰɣѵǡ
ܵģλŻ𰡣ⲻԼԼ鷳϶ߣ
ҪߣҲлϵʦаɣͷҸϵʦȥ߰
ۿžԿƣ׵üͷ棺ˣ
¡¶ɿŰ֣ų֣Ⱦң¡
ʱȥѾȵҴҸϻ棺£˶Ѿ
¶ŵصɴ۾һȥ
˹ɿһûǰֻǿӽӵһ·ͻ
ɵ¸ۡĴѾϨ𣬵ⳡйصĻȴԽԽһ·յ˿ĵλСϡ


64 ҹ̸
ܽٱ˽ѵʱ˯, ԺģԱ˽ʶһ, һ͹ˮë
ƽһƳܰƷħ, סһֻ򣬻Ӳվԭأ㲻Ҷ, °СѾͷҲһƷɵ֮⡣
ܽ١£
ħҧгݵٴ, ܽ۾
ͷ, һûճļ˯иվѵˣ˯ߵĴʱ
ҹɫϴĴ⣬վǸŭԵؿԼĶͷ˾ħ, Щίؿڣôħˡ
÷ɯӴ̽ԴЦеس֣ܽǱŶǳ˴, ôһѻ𣡡
ܽٵԴ˲ѣһӴҴ¹񣺡ԵҴ·
˵һ٣ͷħ, Ѿʧԭء
ȡܽɤ, ħ˲ǱС֩룬ͿԼװԼڵġ
̨С֩룬ŭ̧̧ǰȣħ֪ûһ𣡡
ܽһ˿Ц⣺ǳлʿ, ħˡ
óҲû鷳÷ɯ, ħԱܽǰ, ڰи·ʱ˳ܽٽҹ飺ɵ¼һ𣬳¶ɵ⣬˶ˡ鷳ǣ˺ųƿɯ׵ӰһݵĻۡˣҹٻ忪أ¶ɵҲӵﱣˡ
ܽššüͷȻڲɯģһģӰûκָܹɯ׵֤ݰɣҵŮΪĪеָضġ
ħ΢΢ͷͬ˵ǵģ͸鷳ˡ
ܽ˼Ǿλɯòκη֤ݣȴȻĻǾܽĵȨưԼļ̳ߡ
ټӡ¶СİͼӴ׵Ļƹ˵ᴫڹȥɲСڶְԵ̶ȡ
ħһ˿ͣ仰ĹǾѾȻڲ
ܽһ죬شӵµĴ̨˽ȥ
׵鷿ڣȻѾȺʱˣϵĽ¶൱Եı飬˵һϻΪʲôʱΣ
ܽεЦһ˵°ɣӵ¡
ǵòҪӵͷ֣ܽע⵽鷿ǽһƴСţİȻܿµ̬ҲĴ˹
׼ذֽʵݸܽٺħԼҲһݡ
ܽһǱߵĶԻһд£дʲôص𣿡
ˢˢظûУϷŸոտʼҲû١
ܽԵͷ
ǻõϢʱԼ磬ôҲûħܵÿ졣
ļȻУ˰Ѿǰ߾ĵܵܣ̡
⻹ɢɢ˲ٹ塣
˵ɫܲÿִݣƺ¾ɯûйϵ
˿ˣɯ׳ڻ𳡣
ǣֻǿһŶ˾˵ɯ׵ĻҲ̫һ㡣ĵһԵúϣҲʸμ»ģСԷȻҲˡ
ܿ˷˸ңĿɯ׵ݣһ̫ţϾû˭ɵһڵȥ
ңɲ߸ķʦķʦѾȷˣȷʵħģˣǰСȷϵİɣ
䵭ؿһۣǸѾͷѾҺúýѵһˣʱʲôûлشΪʲô֪
仰˼ͺˣƺ¡
ĵɫԻͣɨһȦȲ˵ڻмûϵħģħҲпħĻ֡ɯ׵ϾûгȥŮ;ſš
ЦһʲôʱԼҵŮҲ֤ܵˣ
ĵˮҲûа취
ЩĳƤˣûʲôϢ
ܽšüͷ¿ɾ鷳ˣɯײòʲô֤Լ׵֤ݣ֤ʵˣʱж
Ʋо˶Ҳǲˡ
ӳĬ˰Σд£ô
ͬʱ˳Ĭ
յͬΪ˶ȡλܹûɯһ֣ǰһġ
ǡ
˶ۣͬʱӶԷ￴Ρ
ӾֽҾɱˣ侮ʯʽ̫ˣΥӵݣǿԹضλ
ܽپֽҾΪɱˣҲ뺦鷳˵ͻվߡ
ΪܽٵĳЩڹԼ⣬ǿһļϡ
ȷĹû˵ʲôҪϢĹС
ȥ˿̲סֿħһۣСܽ٣Ǹ硭
ħһۣѸٸĿڣȣ˵ħˣǵļƻû𣿡
öԷϣǵĻʱͲǰɯףԵЩ
ܽٳŵصͷİɣħ˺ܳҵģ
ȡħɤӣȻҲûзϣӿǵú֡
ħüëƺ񣺡ħľʲôʲôʲô𣿡
ҡҡͷЩֵ뷨ȷŵһߣǣҪȥ¶˺ܴľţôҲ˯ƺڵػǸجΡ
ܽšüͷñ̫թġ
Ӳŵصɴ۾˵ǡ
ǰһ¶Ȼı飬һʱЩӣҲ顭
ʱſڵ÷ţ̽ͷѣ£ɯСˣ˵Ҫ¶С㡣
ӿץץԴ϶Ҫʲô£һñȺ׼ҲĹ嶼ˣ
ħ˼ؿڣǾһɡ
ܽ¶СЦݣ˵¶С㣬Ůɯ뿪ֻҪƽ·
һ֣취ߵ¶ıؾ֮·ϣ

ɯ׾վΧ̴ӺŮ´Ҵң붼˼ֲ¼ɺ͹Ź֡
ɯֱͦ˼ûиκλӦʹڰҹҴææţҲܵı˹ǣԼһ˿
ԷǳģڶЩԻûκãҪʱࡣ
ܿӵ̴Ӿ˳λ¶СţźҡҡͷǸڲ
֮еĻظɯ׻̾˿ʧòĳԷ񣺡ôҾȡ
̴Ӹָ˸򣬡λ͹飬ڲǰ·뿪ɡ
ɯֱڰʾʲôһĸȥ
ҹգһսǣ֮ǰȻһŲ˵˵ѹˣ¶С㡭
ɯɫ΢һ˿ͣλҲһ£ҪǸȻ˵ӵתΣǧҪ嶯


65 ѡ
ɯ״ӹֱ˳ȥ
¶ߵŮȻҲ֪μƻ, ʮʶغ̴˵һߣ㹻Ŀռ䡣Ҳ޽ŵعעƺɯ׻¶嶯֮ʲôص
¶ϴǡôľ㡢ǡ
ɯעı, ŵһ񣺡¶ɵ, еجģԸմӱ֮߳
ܱܺǸһЩҪ, ǳ֮, ûмκ˵Ӱ𣿡
¶ĵغ, סĿ⣬ԶŮ̴ӣزͣҡͷûУʲôûп
ɯüͷ, ʮֺԼô׷ʣҲòʲô
׻ļˡ
Ĵ, ԼҹٽʹǻԿĵҲŴҴҸϵ˻ʹ¶һ档
ʵô, ¶ȻԼ, Լ˵滰ίиӣϢԼ
ɯص̾˿侲, ʵҲǸʮŮ, ͻıʵ׻š
ͨЩ, ɯ侲¶һ񣺡ǸͻˣúϢɣԿĵ֮ģһµˮʯ
˵ҲԽ̴ȥ
㲻𣿡
𼸲ŵɯһ¶ס˽Ų
عͷŮķɫƺһҪһЩԵò԰׶ϴ˿Щ̬Ȼ衣
Щ֡
ɯ׳һ£׻ǰԼ뷨ش𣺡ɹ
¶̧ͷӣûŲĿ⡣
¶Цһ£ȻһҲǣڻɯС㣬룬ӦҲͬҡ
ɯ׵˵ͷģҲֵġ
Ŀ̹Ȼηվһͦͬɽѩɡ
ƻʼٸߣôһѸԺõӦеĳͷ
ҲֻǱ¼޹ܺߣҲͬĹһֻء
˵仰ͣȥ
¶Ĭؿ뿪̾˿ֻԼһü˵Ǵѡ񡣡
ɯ׵ʱЩˣŮߴٵ¶С㣬ôˣ
¶ŻعͷûʲôȥӰɡ
ʵЩ˿ȴװ֪λʵûдô
һʼֻΪɯС֮Ҳǳڵܵ飬ĳͬʹȱ
λ鲢ûи̫ϢܴظоҲ֮УѾ֪λͽ
Ȼ޷֪ǵѣλӡ·һƬ֮ϣλ¹һϸϸĸһв̤¾Ԩ
ûбĳ·ֻǰߡ
Ӿڻůĺ裬ůů¯ƺǵṴʲôõĻ䣬ص
ůּžҹλӶԵůɿ
ûжʲôûб׿ʲôǳֻǵûܵš
¶ϣԼ˿ЩСһ⵱ɵӵĳ谮Ⲣʲô¡
ġ
Ҳ֪ԼݣҲǿʲôߣ֮˵ʵԾĻûκβοıҪ
ⳡ棬Ҳֻɯ׼֮Ҫķܶѡ
¶ۣװʲôûвӡ
صԼķ䣬Ϩ˵ƻһػغڰıӸסͷŷ·жķһ
˿ҲΪںµÿʵֻڷ
ɵһҶˣ
ȻֹһϣṈ̀СķˣǸ̰޴үǸĿԼүͨͨȥ
Ķˣ
һûӳܵʱû죬Ǵһʼһ
ԼƲסطǵ죬ȴȻûκα顣
ֻҪk룬λ׾ٵɱκˣҵĹ
kƫƫôkҪңkҪƹƣkҪ˰վ籾ɵһŪӵʲôҪĶkֻҪҵӶѡ
Ҫȥ
¶ر۾һҪȥ
ҹߵעֻһ
ĵۡʱѾ΢΢¶⣬ҹҪȥˡ
ܼѯҪҪٻȥϢһƣĻ֣ȥ鷿
֮ǰӦȳԵ㶫ɯǰųڻʹװ磬Ҳһҹδߡ
ĵε¶Ц⣺ðɺðɣϾҲѾˣǵöע塣
ȰĿɯϣſ̲ס¶˱˵ɫԽԽĸףλѾĿĵˡ
ȵɯװ׼õʳ˵ǰζµĿĵҲһʳ
λһĹˣԼĿޣ涮£ɯǸúӣ
ڳλϰ˹Сǰ׵ģ˭Ҳû¶κֵɫ
ĵһȵøɸɾɯԺ󣬲ŵԱȥ鷿
º͵Цվȴᶨ˵ģɯףһᴦģ⼸ȲҪš
ĺӣ۷ʲô£Ҷᱣġ
ɯ̧ͷѾСˣףҲæġ
ĵ¶εĿЦðɣҪǵǧҪǿ
ɯӦ¡
ĵ߽鷿Լȴʲôûֻ˫ֺʮذȴš
Ĵ̨սůڵ⣬ʱ̫Ҳƫƣճƽߵһߣɫ
ƣһĿĵƺ޵ֵסϯ⣬ƣر۾
һ˲鷿ͻȻļкͽŲãȻ޴վһαΣյĻˡ
ô£ô£
ĵ̲סɯףɯĶ
λ飬Ϊ˱Լ޴˺ɵ¼һģһĴ
ĵĳ˳ȥһеĺԼŮ֡
µģɯǻϵķʦֻû취˺ģµġ
ĵﰲοԼڼ֮ǰʵû
ڣҵɯ׵Ӱ
ȼźȻľ棬¶˰ýŲĺɫȹڣʬ役ڵϣǴɯϲĺ챦ʯ
ĵֻԴкһе˼ȻԶȥľãȻ˫ϥأŵؿڣɯף


66 ת
ͷһȻ, ĵãȻ̧ͷ޴ˮƺȻ£һ, һûҪͷ
ǰһ, Ԥеľʹȴûе
ĵ͵ֱ壬ҵ˼˼ŷӦԼ˸㹻ʵجΡ
˲ͷ亹, Һͺͬʱӿͷ, Լٵȥˡ
ƿ, ¶һ׼İؿռ䣬żļһЩʯƽ𣬻һСС
ĵɫصȡ, ǰȼƵϣƺаĵã΢һ㡣
Ҷ࿴, ڵûĿ֪̬ţûĿĵȴƺܴӶ, һ˿޵ĳŪ
۾ϵ, ƽӲἰթƭӡֳν뵽ֻΪλ顱Ϊk˵ֻҪk, k
Ȼĵϵ֮, ȴǰȻǿյġ
ļٵһȦ, ǸûͻȻĳվkûг֡
ĵ֧ŲסԼȻǰӣһƬ磬˼ԽԽĽһȥ
kѾˣ
ǵģһûĵġ
ÿô࣬ԥԥ˷ôʱ䡭
ֻҪɯܻţ۳Ϊ˭ľʲôϵҷϲҲԼصʵʵų
ܷ취Ҫɯ׻ȥ
ˣǸѾͷ¶ɵ£ȥһа취λ飡
ĵǿվԼװ⺰ܼң׼Ҫȥ
űѸٴ򿪣һĵ𣺡Ĺˣ
ȵĵ˵һֱӹȥ߶µؿſɫЦеֹ߽š
Դﲻ˼еܼأأѵ
һģôõkҡڵؼװܼҽ
ʹͷתĵϻʮֹթˣڸҿЦˣôǰԳ󡣡
ΪϲЦթһЦȻЩ£ĵɲҰϵĺƵ档
һΪ㲻ҺأָıթЦеؿѽӸԣӸλʱˣôˡ
ĵҧȥѾ֪ˣˣٸһλɣȥɯף׼ͣΪľ
ŶթԵòôȤkζ˵ǸֱĺӣԸⱳթͷɣ
ԸġĵϵصͷһԸġ
թЦҲô۵ļһȻ֪ˣҾ˰⿪ɡ
¿ĵӴˣѵʧ̬ش˰ΣһԼ㿪ڣͣ
թͷƺе㲻⣺ôˣ㻹ɯױ𣿡
ĵѸٵͷͺܺãҳϿҵظлʴȺͿ
թƺٱáʴȡ͡ݣ̲סЦôˣҶ˼ʹˡ
һܺ棬ļһôڻûô֮ǰǰæ
ôôأĵʸڷϣԶ飬Щйص޴ĲԵķ˵룡
֪ԼʲôУթҪ˵ԼǸˡ
޾̾ؿǰĿĵЦûʲôŶ
ҲԼĻԷ˶˺ֻЦ˵ŮɯСǸ൱ֱ˰Ҷܲ˵ʵǲ̫á
û˵Ҳûйϵġ
ĵɲؿŵkƺ޷λԵ˼·
Ҿͻ鴦ãҵȴûӦõ飬Ǿƭ顣թʮָ˵֣ѾþûжԸƭҵķˣ
̫ûлصˣöෲ˶ˣǸ߸ϣǲºƭ˾ϡ
ϴźͯЦ⣬ƺĴøˣĵĶ׹˱ѣȻʶһʼûѡ
λΪȤʼӵkǰʼ˽׿ʼûѡʱ뿪Ȩˡ
թվκδȱͷǵĶڿĵУֱ
թõؿڣûϵû˵ɹҲԾԼһĻϷһ㣬һܸ˵ġ
ĵøɬǺＷʣôҸô
ʲôթЦɨһֻۣҪźϷͿˡ
֪ʵĲ𣿡
ĵľҡҡͷ
ȻǷתˣթ˸˷ܵĹâֻҪǹ¾ͿԷתһ뵽˾㵵ġ벻ı飬Ҿ;÷ǳˣ
ȻһֱƭҲܲȻ˷Լƭʱһ˲ı˼˰ɣ
kĳؿڣҪúҸѽ
k˵꣬ٴʧ䷿
ĵͼվʧ˺üβųɹҧķŭʲô飬аǶħ
һŭȥվñֱĹܼѸŤͷôˣү
ĵ˰ΣѾ׼ΪԼῴǵһصĻ棬пѪɺӵѪȻ棬û뵽⼸ûκ쳣ĹܼҺʹӣһƽվ⣬һ㶼ûвڸոշʲô
ոš
ĵģе֣ܼҹеʣôˣȥҽʦɡ
ĵƣذڰ֣á
ȥСйɡ
Ĭתص鷿ͷŻ񣬺ɯʮƵĿĵһ΢ЦſȻ֣ϸϸġգ̾˿صʣװģܱ𣿡
û˻شܿס
ɣɯסĵϵıˣԼλ£Щ飬Ҫ㡣
ɯüӸ׷ıϲʲô˵ͷĶ棬һƳ˸Ǹ˲̫ġŹֵĵ

ڣǰλĹһҹɫҲԵòǺܺÿ
סͷ
š˵ͷ̾˿죬˵ӾҪˣ׼һ£Ļӭ硣
ӵɫЩŹ֣Ϊɯ׵顣
Сֹһ䣺ʱ
ɨһۣ˵ķ׺ǺܲһŻкܶ಻ϰߵĵطҪúд
ǡӦˣ룬յӦõ˵ķף׼һ硣
αװ׳ӣʲôˡ


67 ѡ
ڶ, Ҫд˵ӵ磬ϢЩæò˶ֲ
˵Ҳ, ˵ӦûҪٵ, λƺУһ·ӱޣӲǰ쵽
Ƚ׼繤İ׵̾˿治֪ʲô, , ϣҲæ, ֪Ǳûپӡ
˹ȥʶҲѾˣõȵԵǳסļһ, ƫƫôҵʱ򴳽
ܽһߺŲ裬һ߳°Ϳռϣڻش𣺡Ҳ˼ֻ, ȲҪлһ¹أ
ƲƲ죬ͷõʲô鱨𣿡
ܽҡҡͷûʲôɯϢɢڵӶҲԼɯ׵ӰⲻǵĿѨ硣
ɯ˵ڼ˯üͷ, Ҳ֪İɣǼһﲻ˵ѵġ
ܽص̾˿֪Ҳû, ô֤Լڼ˯أĵҵŮ͵֤ǲᱻŵġ
ħ°ͣҪȻվ˵ʱһ˯
ӵغ͸ˣ㡢ں˵˵ʲô
ǲлԼ𣿡ħĪؿһۣҲûʲô, ˳ϴɡ
ܽٱЦɤӣ, ȻǺд뷨, ħˣҾô󲿷˶ŵġ
Ϊʲôħƺ̫⡣
ܽ˿׳ӣΪҶλɯС㣬ڳɻ֮ǰĴ
ӷ߷߲ƽؿ飺Ƕ޶ˣ
֡ħҡҡͷһų߹Ů࣬ΪԼɷӵνĽԼ֮ǰϴһֻƷ£ΪΪʽӽԼδŮݻȫҡ
˶ĬӺܽ
ܽɫأôһ˵ҲܲǶ
ӳ˳ǣȻҲָоҲûҪԼһȥ
ܽҪЦţòѣܽС㣬п㡣
ţܽЩ⣬ûԤԼκοˡ
꿴ӣϴڵЦ⣺λĵɯסĵС㣬˵ϣ̸̸
ˢվǲӦö¹
ܽɻؿ
¸ۡȻ󣬵Ϣķ仹еġߣҲֱ˰ͻ
ͷ˵Ƕˣ´ҵʱ򣬾Ͳܲιȥ𣿡
ܽվԺͿһ£ȥдɯףϣȼˡ
ӿ꣬¶ЦݣҲǲС
¶ϲɫ˵ʵȥҲǳڶĵĿϾűһλŮʿų
ֹ̧˵ȥˣһȥɡ

ڵĻڣɯ׾ͱͥԺСԡͥԺĲľøïʢһ԰ŪĻȣһȻҰԵķζз·֣ǴŮĽ
ܽٸϵʱѾ˺裬С
λһͷ췢ĹŮܿЩ£Ȼʮòظл波˳ġ
ܽٷŻ˽ŲɯС㡣
ѸվܽС㣡
ܽٿһۣ˼ۣ˼뿪
ܽǰ£ɫĺȻĻϣԵЩ⣺ô뵽أ
ɯ򴽣鷳˵Ӧú׽Ҳܵҵǣ
Ҳ˼ܽҡҡͷҲ¡
ллɯ˿ҡҲóĨǣҾֱ˵ˣܽС㣬Ϊľ𣿡
ܽһ£Ŵ֮ΪĴԣɯǵһǰѯʵˡ
ܽҲû˵ͷǵġ
ɯһԵЩУô𣿡
ܽЩͷԣеʱΪʲôѯʷص顭
ʵش𣺡ǵġ
kɯ׳ſڣkǸʲôأвĸо𣿡
ܽٺȻоصߡ
ȡɤӣӦҲЩڻɣkǷڻһֿɿ
˳ıڻǻŵġɯ״һֱףkˣҲôȱ𣿡
ܽһصظıֻᣬúúץסħˣȻˣƷͬڻһУҲͬڻһǱȱڻϸò
졣ħ
ܽٹɵر졣
òɯЩ󣬡һ˵ǿ𡭡
ħҲұ졣
ȡܽӲת˻⣬ô뵽أɯС㡣
ɯ׳Ĭ˰ΣЩؿڣҡлΪһλľߣǡλô
ܽٵɫЩŹ֣Ȼ¶еĸͬסɯ׵֣׵ġ
ţɯһ¡
ܽ룬ҴӦΪħľҲΪԼӴ˱ҪΪĲ·֪˶ҺħǸɿĺħ
Ƿľͷһʱ˵壬ֻܺɯ׵˵֮ʵҲܹ⿴
֪еʹӵкҲദ
ļƵǻ˵ľ㣡
ͬģʹеҲֻӵηȨ׼ļһ
ɯ׳Ĭ˰ΣͻȻЦ˵öԡ
ƽ¶ЦĽޣŮĻúڵĹʧ˱ģʵʼ֮ǰʹŶ϶һˣҲˡʹkԡթΪҲδػǡ
ţܽοЦݽϣȵȣթ񣿡
ɯ׵ͷȻӦҪܵ飬룬ɵΪҽ⣬Ҳ
ȵȣܽˢվһס֣аĻ
ɯһ˿
ܽһ֣һؿ˵߹ңһЩǧǣթǸ쾪ƭΪֵģ޴ȱĵļһ
оǡ
ЩƳһۣħյźţؿڣŮǸϲ˸ļһɹһΪꡣ
ҹŮһӶٶеëթǸУ˯Ҳûʲôƶۣ֮ߺС
ŶˣоǼһ֣òŮҲΣա
ٰܽҪɯȴЦһҲǡ
ȻѡˣʵҲûбѡ񡣱ǸΪҲˣ»ʱܡ
˵꣬ǡ
ɯףܽٿҲǺܸˣĬ˰ΣȻڣħˣǰɡ
ǶǱѡеˣֻұȽˣѡ
ңթҵҲðɣÿĵվթ
ħͷŬɣЦһվչ򣬰ƯĽɫͫ˵á
ôɣֻҪǾȥȡ㲻ǶǸ׳˵Һܳ𣿡
ǶԼ̶ܳûʲô𣿡


68 ˵
ϣһֱǸĵط, ﱻΪĵĻƽ֮ǣӵʷƾõѪеĴ壬ϵҫԡ
ҲΪ½ݵĳ, Ըص̶Ӻð߿Խǧɽ, ҰĺѪÿ춼ո¶ͷǡ
ʷĳ˳ͬʱڣһǽΪ, μػֿ
ңԶ˵, Сں̫³ľ, ʹͷѹŻ֮ȥļҳӰҲǰľ󾪴ˡ
һ̫ɹƯͭɫļΧ˴ͬҪ˵׵ߺųҰף˵
ӵ¡ڸӭӵĹĿм΢, ͼ̽ͷǾЩС, 롢벻ҪſˣΣյģ
ӲԵػعͷƺ˿Լʻеţ֦ϲ̽Զһڰ뿪ĳʲô, ҲΧʲô˲˼ġ
Σ, ҲȥġλһҰӲû֮⣬ڲϵؿڣҲ̫խ, ӵ˹, ΪʲôϲС
ǰ, 廹ĵظͣⲻСӣҲûж㣬ֻǳеĹߡôദѾˣԷǸͦƯԴǲס£ҲͲٶѿˡ
ֻܵغߺЦŤͷһߣ˸һ㶼ŵİۣЦһ䡰Ұˡ

жȷѪ꣬ϣҹܲʧùοǣȺʮֶ¡Ҫʱ򣬼ʹǵһѶԷ϶ͷ̨ҲܶžƱЦⰻȻòѣȻŤͷһֵ߹ߡ
ǧǰĺӵĻӭϣȻǸҹݼĺʱ
Χɵ¼ҵݻ¼󶯸ɸġɯסɺͦ͡ɯסɣ·һͬʱ˳ɼ˳һЦס
ʹ¼籩ĵĵˡɯסĵҲûгκʧı顣
ĵޱ飬ͬһǰ䵭ϡʵĽλ˵˽ͽ£ⶼˣôһ㷴ӦûУ
ѵԭʲôţΪλ˵ǰ鵢ˣ
ˮԺвϷתŸֲ²⣬˵kƭkæˣ
ûܲ͸ǸֹŹֵаЩʲôӴӦ͵k׿ʼעҪʼĵˡ
ܽٴħڲ۵ĽŬԼĴڸУӿҲϣһ˳۵ʲô
ܽپȫǶ񫣬Ǿ£̽һ½Ƿǲе඼Եйء
˼λ룬ٰܽĿ䵽ϣһƷһϵƷġĽʽʦͬǴȥ˸ڣûʼҵȼ㡣
ȻƺҪħ˶ദһתȹںĹŮǴһƬܽ̾˿
ֿɯףǸһһ˿ŮվȺУƽûʲôֻ۵ڸǵɫԱ¶֮µĴ
ϻûթϢħڿĵ׵㣬Ҳʱûʲô쳣
¶ʱץסֻܱթ֣ȴû׷٣ܽٵĿ䵽ħϣ۴οħ˼ҲšħӶݣ˿Щڰе󱲣
ħ⧲ߣòݮСֵʱһ٣ת˸ְȥһƲƲ죺ڵģֶôԵñӡ
ܽؼװûп״ĴϻմһǷۣǸֲܵⶪĿЦݸҶҶȻڣ΢һɣȥ߰ﲻóԣԷԺҲֻڵĶ
ħɨһۣΪѴĽӹǸ⣬ܽĿҧһڣظۣС
ܽЦۣŶһͷ߰żôҲԡ
šħɫӦһ֪ΪʲôȻöе㷢̣ʶܿܽٵߡ
ܽٿħ̳Ե⣬һϲϾѾˣħڳԵԼϲʳʱ۾ἫСȵһ£è
ܽٵЦղסôħôء
ĲԶҲһؿ̲סԼ룬ôܲϲأ˰Ī
ڼ䣬źȻӵȺȻֹƸֺ
λˡ
͵͵Ͷȥ˺ߣʱ鶼һѾʮ־ʡ
׵ԭӦǸ׼һķװģ˵ϣرʾԼҲ˳ϯҪõ·ǴǷ׵ķװɡ
ŮֲλӣԷʮ־ٴиǽֻȥʾ׵¡
׵ʮֲŵشһӣǾ
Ӧø˵׼һٺθڵģΪڸԼˣǻֻۣԵ㲻֪ϲθڵİϣʳѾίˣʲô·ͲҪǿˡ
Ȼ˭Ҳû뵽ᴩôһ֡
һ˵·˵һײбϣ˼˳ϵ˸ƽʮֻ󣬳ƵϷϰϣǵ
һƽۻֻ뱸¶ĴŻ˽ۣεҰ顣
ʵ̫ˡ
£бҵĲҲ֮ܳΪµĻסСţĳ߶ܿ⾫˫ȣǳϵġ
ħЦһ̩̹װ硣
ܽɫ΢΢һȻڷڣڻϵķҲƷĳֻۣԺһЩû¶ƬţҲǳ
ôˣħأԺգЩ⡣
ȣûʲôܽٷɿԼıӣЩƿߣֻ룬װڰϣѾǡˣåĵȼˣ֪Щܲܳŵס
԰ɡħȷؿڣҿϷһ׵ġ
۴˿ô룬ٱӦòѿ
ܽСʣˣҲϣ˵̩̹˵ĺᣬŷ̩̹λʲôģ
ħԥؿڣǸ
ܽգգۣǺʹŮһ
ȸ׵ܴ򡣡ħۣ̩̹սֳ嶯ŭܺΪǺĺҲòӡ
ܽ˼Ҳ˵ںϵս濴Ǻ˺;˵ĶԹʵǺ̩̹֮Ľ
ħڣл̩̹ȻǸױ˵ǹ鷳
ܽҲúе̲סֹǻǾЩͬ˰
ħسĬһſڣķ
ܽپ̧ͷ㣡һûȫǵĺͬˣ
ħһǾȽϲ
ܽ٣
Ҳ޷


69 
ܽؿϵĹǳ˳, ɿѹϣ¶һƺͰ΢Цӭ㣬, һ·۳Ͷ, ˡ
ԶսͷİϣԮ˵ҲѾ·ˣԷĺúϢһ¡
ϣӵϥ, ϵصллĿ, ҽϣ϶ʮΪл, һЩףµ֮ҪĻһЩ
ۡܽҿԼվùԶˣڵЦС˵, Ǳħ֮ΪĺᣬôʢĻӭʽϣſھ, ҿüˡ
ǺǣԼɢĻҲǰ̻æ˽ӹ˻ǰæεĻ⡣
һʱ˶̲ס˿
Ҳ΢Цŵͷ, , ˵˵ΰɡϣȻģǺܶˣһûм󺣡
ҲûмôءϣӲӣ֪ʮС, ذľҲ֮ΪʮȺ, һƽദ
˵ĵ, ϾǵǾˣ̫Сĵһ˶վ¡
ܽٺؿħħˣľж󰡣
ƣ̶ôСħüëھ˺Ѿɵˡ
ܽٿ˿߽׵ġС˺᣺ʱƣҲ˱仯ɡ
ϣӻڽļ磺Ǿذ⣬жصϲӹһܲԳȺԳơ񡯵ĺԺ̴ͱúߡ
ǺųƱӣڴ֮ȥ٣ûץסǡңÿǳ֣ſֲǺϵ˳̴ܰƷȴǸ£ҲûмǷ治֪Ǵĺö֣
µǣ⵽ǽӵ̴»ڣǹ塣˵ܶຣѹŵȴ𣬵ǲÿ֮Ͱһ߽
ֵǣһһĺˮ֣ǴӺȥ֮ݶðôȥˡʯͷϵֱǱˡ
Ĭ
Ļ⣬Ǵϣ˵ʲôͼû뵽˵ôϸ
᳡üѾɫɷˣҰ³ɱ¾ΪƺԶǧ֮⣬ԶĲʱ˵ˣһӰͼرܵѪȹ¶ԵǰǱ޿ɱܡ
˸ɰͰ͵ذοһ䣺桢Ұڰ
᳡һѡ
ܽƫͷħڣԷ˵ӦкӰǸԳơ񡯵Ĵʾľ
ܽЩɵĿڣҪ˼롭ҲթּһһǸĵ𣿡
ħؿһſ˵δҪġ
û˻룬ǶԶṩʲôֻʾ𾴵ķʽѡ
ڴ󲿷ҲûʲôҲֹ̫ߵ󲿷񲢲ȱΪ֪˵ġ
ܽգգۣħ֪ġ
ħΪ׼ǿ¸ûһǺüһļһΪϵĹֻΪһһƵıϾǹﲻ൱Լͬûй飬Ҳûдȱ
ܽٴۣС˵һȣ׵ˡ
ħЦһ
ҲֻҪƣϣĹǽϼһڱһ߽󺣵جΣЩӲشϣӵῪ
ǻǾְת
ܽԽ岻ʾܾ˺öˣû뵽Ȼв߾ȹȥȡ
ܽٲɵþû˱ȵж⣡
֮ǰ̱ʯ컹ѹϰȵܽһͰʲô貽һߣ⿡ҡĶĿֺ
һžſ˫ۺ˰ڳ˫ļƣȥһֻܵϵ޹ࡣ
ܽɿ˼ôܰԼôӿຣȳѾʼˣе貽תܽؿڶԷЬϲһӡ
һ˲ЩŤûûµģ
Բ𣡡ȶҪ޳ˣһŲҽţԼݺݸԼһʹҽг
໡
Ŀһ˲͡
ܽס۾
Цغϣ˵˵Ҳȥһ֧衭
Ȼһҵġ໡
ˢˢŤͷᣬޱȻں޵ûúøѧϰôװεȽȻ

ҧ㿴ĸ۵ļһôֱӵЦŤͷͿ˳ϣӡ
ȣ
ϣЦݲãʮһܽ
ЩɣϷɵĺΣллл
ܽˢվɫأħˣ
ţħԡ
ܽһǸӣϲͣסջģС˵ȥ̳е޵̱ʯ𣿡
ħ㰲οŤͷǸѾ֣һֲͬѰ̬Ťس˳ȹڣߴذԼֵݳȥħҲĬ
ʣջͲȽ𣿡
ܽЩɣӦûǻȵİɣ
ħдǲɵˣ
ܽٿһۣǸӻŽš
ħĬ˰Σͦ䣬ɵ
˵Ȼ᲻һŲȻ꣬˵ϣӿɵĳǲ˷绯˵Լû᲻ᱻ˹ܵʱĴźȻײˡ
¶ɵ¡
˵һ˲䣬ԶƵ˽
ĵͷһͻѵλİţ
¶ɵ¼һͷģʩϹȻˮûнĿѰʲô
ΧŮѸٷӦȥͼȴûһţ׸رϸ˫վ
ڣҵڹֱߵӵ£Щҡҡλεǰһź¡
˷׷¶ֻ̣Ϊ£ʱûп׵Ӷʧ˷ִ硣
Ҳ˸оԡ
ܽüͷһͷȻӿһɲ
ͬʱĵȴ·ԼߣǸħ֪ʵĲʲôǷת벻ִ㵵ı飬ǸĻõ
Ϸˡ
ĵĮؿ¶Ȼغ£ԭ㡢ԭ㡪
ԭһֱˣɱһҵĻ֣
仰һףȻը


70 ת
˶ͻıʾ, һͷˮϣӶᵽ˾Եζ㵵ءŶһ
ûüһס, һţ꣡꣡
ϣӾλԼΪʮֽһ, ʵվԱûпڡ
׵ˢشλվ˫΢΢һܽٸ¶թʱ, ׼, ֱֻѵһ, žá˱ѹȻһʮܵ顣
滨¶³һ˵˿Ӧ˵̨ʣ֪ӵĴ𣿡
˵עӺеС˵Ľϣֻܽٶ¶ŵǼۡ
Ե޹һƾɵĳ, ⶫʲôãʲô
Ŀƣ¶ĵһ, ЦƵ᣺ʲô³أ
ǻҵļһһѻڸۡǻɯСһأ
ֳһ, ʹ֪ԶĿ˾ǰ, ǻ̲ס

ͻȻ᳡·˲ȥλһüĿĹͬһͷŭʨӣĿ¶ɵµϣλС, ʧȥ˵, Ϊ, ĵҵĵŮѾ޶˵Ĳ¼ɡ
ڽǣ㶼Ӧûȷ֤ݵʱٰѰϣǵһλλ̳ˮ˵һʱ㣬ǹģ
¶ɵµĺһͣزһ£һֱԵĶǸ߸Ƣ飬Ҳ˲ô˵ҡ
λһͰûʲôâĹƺǸһǴķ
ڵķѾˣ˺ȻʶˮԺͲӺδޡС֮İˣ׵ºɯиΪеݣͬʱΪλ̳ߣ
¶ɵ±ˣ
˶ô룬󲿷˻ôɥĲΪΪıԼļˡ
޵ĿɨҵĿ˹ҵİܽ١
ڽĬĬϷܽ٣
ѻվյϡ
ĵɫüͷõɨһ¶թͽĻδҲ̫һ㣬ɤӣȡ
ȵ˵Ŀ⣬ſ£ѾֵǷ꣬Ҳɯ״˺ܶ鷳Ȼһƶӣ͸ᣬ˵һ˵Ϊʲôôá
΢΢ü̫飺ĵ䣬ϣԶĻӭ硣ҪĿҲʱ򡣡
ǻλļ֤£úѯġ
ĵ΢΢ҡͷѾ˿ڣλҲѾɻٰѹȥ֮ʹ˽۳ʲôҲֻᱻʲôûж˵Լ֪һж˵
ɫǺܺÿ
Цһĵ令ŮУϾɯЩҲȷʵ˲޶˲²⣬ǡ
ڴȱٷԷҲô⡣ҪΪ˶סҴĴ죬Ҫ鶼̯˽ǻαҪֻأԺе㳡ϣƽΧ½ͺˣ
ϴЦ⣬˼Ҳ൱ԡ֪Ůþˣӡ
ĵ첢ӣҲΪ˹룬Ͼǣ׵ӣ˵𺦵Ŀӵ
ҿɲϣκˣָӢĹ£Լ׶ӡ
ûпڣɭĿⶢס˿ĵƺʲô
Σ˶촭ĳĬ΢΢˵ͷ¶ǾɣǼŵࡣ
Цһ۵ײЦƳ˿ĵһۣɵúúøϾ߶˵ǰҵķʦ˵ֳħĺۼ淢ʲô˵࣬ǼҶҪ
ֳ˻|ҩζ
˹ҵļڣڵرۣ˿ܳɴܣһʲôǼµı顣
ܽҲάһλϸĳԹȺڵı֣ʲôҲûж˵
׵ؿ˿ĵһۣɯüͷȥ֪Щʲô
¶ԼһЦݣǵһʶ¶һ´ιôĵҪָң֤ݵİɣ
еģеģ¶ҵ˿ڵĻᣬӰҴ󣬸һطζԽȥ鷿ӡ
׵һĪǵȻȥˣҵĸ˲رⰡֲҵҸ
Ȼȥˡ¶Ȼ̧ͷЦһԭҲԹģ죬ҿŮؽǸ䣬ƺ͵͵ʲôΪ͵Ķǰֹ
ǰѶһƽˣҾͿˡˡ
Σûȥ׷ǰĹ£뿴ܹͳʲô¶֣ȡһħᡣ
ҵղأʲô⣿׵ۿ
¶ŬԼͷԳηɫ΢΢ֱۣǵģջľˮһס
ô׵Ӳʲô⣬ϵҲҪϧʮϡ١ôˣ
¶ɵЦһϾͺãϾղĻϵᶼʧˡ
ʲô׵Ӵʧɫⲻܣǰա
ܽס۾ӾͲܰ
׵¡ɨһۣתʣҪγĻƣҪپ᣿
ҲҪŰɡ¶ΣЩؿڣŵĻɡ
ܽεԼ̫Ѩ̾˿ҲߵȺ룬״ظ̾һ䣺ɰ
һ춼ͷġ
̺̿Ц԰԰Ҳ̫ˣôǡɶأ治Сİӵ¡
¶ɫһף
ĵ󣺡ɲɺϰ
Ҳ˵֤ݡĵؿ˿ԼָָһӣһΪǿ϶Һ˵ˮ©֤ݣֲ׽ӰĶ
Ҫ˵ֲ֪ߵغѾͷ͸õĳЩ಻סҰĵļһһ㾯ʾ
¶ҧѲŮˣ
һ̧ͷϿһԹޣֻв;ǿˣһ֤ݣ
ǵӣ˵ڻΧɯС۵ӰòƾۣϣȻͷ˭
Ǽۣһ˲η˸ı䣬·һӱһˡɯױˡ
׵Ҳʮִ㵣һ𾪵ؿһ۵ɯףһû۵ɯס
¶𣺡ӵ£ҲǴıҵģҲǡղ𣿡
׵˵ûֶΧ˵񣬺Ȼʶǲš
û֤ⲻղأɯ޷֤ûһ


71 ˮ
˶ûϵһ, ˢشվ
ܽ۴κħĲһͨƽƽס
ħۣǷҿ˵
ţܽ¶ʵɻı顣
ħͷŶ, թҲô, Ϊǰʼͺ鷳˽ĻָͻʲôطͻȻˡ
ܽ˼صͷȻһ, ϣ, ǲҲ˵̸֮񡱣Ļ, ôҲܺΪʲôҪҴˣϾթͷɲǺܺ
֮Ͱ׳Ӵһ£ûԡ
ô, ڳЩ島Ƥ
ǡǡ
ѵڻ𳡿ġɯסȻӣ
׵ţűŮأ
˵Ӵǰʼ;ɯ׵Ĳɡ
¶ɵ¿Ҳʲô, ˵λֻҪ桭ƣãȫʬ޴档
, ܽٿŴ, °ͣ׳Ӻɯףһ˲ġ
һܽٻͦϲСһǡħӶŵͷԩͷ, Ҳܲܡ
ܽվǰ, һ顣
Ŀ䵽, ΧӲûʧܽ̾˿羫Х˵ĺһݣͬʱɲؿ
ոպХĲѰķ磬ǴйԵķУɾ˹ʬˡ
ܽ£һ顣
ϴº͵Ц⣺˵ɣܽС㡣
ܽŵһ񣺡¶Сû֤ҪĻѾˡ׵ӺɯСͬӵɡ
ߣĵҪ죬ļ򣺡㣬СӣһҪѧ᲻Ҫϱ˵
ҰѿĵСӡģҲһˡ
¶ֻЦ⡣
ܽٳ̵ͷл̿ĵس˼ۡ
ܽٽ˵ԼĻźǣЩ֤ݶֻǰλⳡֵĻˮûиǶĿܡ룬ʲô۶ϣ൱һ˲ɡ
׵ӵһͣбԼĲ
ܽЦ飬ڲڵذ³׵׵ĲɡĻҵԸæ
ҪǾûУǼҵĳСҲԸܽٴ̵֡һʱʾͬλΪһܽһ
ͬΪλѡˣܽٶеӡ
ڴְ˰֣ҪˣҲû⡣
һ˼˵ͷǾͰˣܽС㣬Ű׵²¡
ǵȻ˭֪һ̹ʣôءЦ÷֡
׵üͷλڳûǸ
̨µ¶ɫ䵭Ȼ¶ɵСҲʺӸסˣطɡ
¶ףŮߣɫػͷһۣۿɫĴǡѾĻˣЩ಻ţʲôҪأصλ᲻Ȥ
Ŀ䵽ɯ׵ϣʹʱˣǸĹ϶ֻšüͷ·˼ࡣ
¶΢΢ɵϡ
ջĿ⣬Ůǰԭķſڣ̬Ҳʮ䵭Եһ°ɣǰʰ
ûȥȲţ߽˷ʰȻĿ⻹ǿԷʲôٶ
¶ſվţλ齻ѾˣΪԼˡѾ˿ĵҺң²ʲôӹٲܵթĳͷһжֵõġ
úթ׵Ϣвĵִȣ
ܸ߰λѡˣΪݳ룬ҲԸֱ
¶С㣡
¶˲Щʵػعͷڿ˵ʱ񡪡˹ɿˡ˹̹Ǹе㲻ãֺǮ˼ҵĶӡ
˿һżӲ԰׵ɫҲʮֽšʿˮһӽѹ˵ҡ͵ģ˶淴ûʲôˡҪɣ
¶ʶƳһʰŮŻδɢļִ΢΢ҡҡͷ
˹ɿ¶ǣ˵ģ֪ʲôӺͿĵҵĹﶼСܹǵġ
¶ȭͷԴЩңΪʲôᵽʲôͼҲթ˰ɣ
ɫЩӲѹʣʲô
۽ôǶŹģ˹ɿҧҧ¶ʲôҪľģ֣Ҵ߰ɣǡǿȥ̱ʯ죬ʶǸʴȶˡ
ǿ㲻壬Ҳһ⣬ҡһᱣģ߰ɣ
Ӣ·ӹͷե˽ֳϣؿǰŮȻһִüļҲʱһ
¶ͫ͵һƭ˵ģ
һλģȵסֻ֣ͻЦ¶ԭЦȻİǼٵģ
ҪҪ
ˣԼȹڣ𣿡
㣡˹ɿ˺ԥ˵
괿äĿΣթƭ߶̲סҪ㱼صǸƽûеȵŦʥӣһꡣ
Ů߱ԹʣΪʲôҪǸ΢֮Ӿ壿ûüֵ
¶°ͣ飬΢΢ſڣ㲻ȨƵʲôãҪ˵ǮȽϺãǮɵģ׾ٵƭһӡ
¶С㣿
˹ɿЩżˣʱ˻
¶ʪĿ䵽ϣЦЦϲ˹ɿү
˹ɿ˲֧֧˵
¶Цôɵ˰ԸðΣȴҵ˵һϲ
Ҳܸߡ
˹ɿɫһףûü˵ʲô¶˵ϣһæ𣿡
ã˹ɿ˼ԥشӦ
¶飬˹ɿȻǣͷ벻ҪģҡһҲ쵽ģ
ǿɲѽ¶ЦҲҪ
˹ɿϵĺôʲȥͰ͵ؿڣҡȥ
˵ţͷҲصسȥ
Ǹɵϡ¶εؿ뿪ıӰһ㣬һܸһأռ˶ᡣ


72 ѡ
Ĺ˰, ˭Ҳûиȷ֤ݣȴȻҹ
ӿĵһ۸ڶɯ˵ĳλ˵̱ʯ, ٵĳĳ豻ܾ
ӴӳʱΥҷ緶, Ϊδ޵ҺŮ׸¶ˣٵȻЦĳλѷ
ܽľǽЩ£ʱʱҪָذС, еħ츳˹λѡ, ȻĸҴҪࡣ
ñߣ³Ժ˳, ҪǸаܽٶڶԷϡʦǲΪĹ涨һ˴ܵʱħ׳
ҹ, ζǳܵϣӣźش˵ڶʮ߸ǷڳŲס, ʾԼҪȥϢˣܲܵٽų
ϣϴϵЦݣҾķˣҷ·ԲλɯСͰ׵ӵĳɳۿһǰΪ, ˵󡣡
Ǽ˴ĹҲ̲סڴ˿̳Ĭ
̳ܽûʾҾùϤλ˵ͯ, ṫƽжϣҾһȻȥ˯ȣ˵˼¼ࡣ
ƣر۾ȥɡ
ŵڻάű, ׷, 뿪˻ʹ
ֵ, ĬԼλϣþûж
뿪֮ϵķŭܿƽŤͷԼĸףĿЩӵؿڣס
˰֣˵ˣ׵£֪û¡
׵죬ǰԼıĿڣףҾɯҲû¡
ģ㡣
Ӵۣ½ܽȥ顭
õʲôࡣվҲǰɯ׻Եѹת޵ϡ˶ᶢۣеҲ䵽ϣҲףǱ˵ĴʦһϣǼʲôѣǲɶõıߣû˻ڿ𡣡
濹ΣٺòĽˡ
˵ǵģܽٵ˽⣬ӦҪҳࡣ˿׵ɫǾ˵ˡ
ſɣģȭͷ

ͬʱòؼܽҲ̲סħǰһ̤̺Ťͷһ
̲ܽס˸ǷİȺһҶûôˮ
ħЦЦɨһۣˣ
еɡܽ۾
ŶħǽҹյթֵϢҲͲý˰ɡ
һ㶼һᣬһܰҹܽŬ۾Լһ㶼ûз
Ѿʹˡħ°ͣƳܽһۡ
˵ʲôأٰܽòͻԶȥ
ߣ컬ļһħ°ͣȴЦ⣬ץʱ˯һɣҶթ˽⣬϶ֵġ
ܽգգۣ֪ڵ֣
ԡħƶص˵ͷּһ

ĵɫǺܺÿĴҴԼҵ⼸춼ûкúϢֲ԰׵ɫȻ¶̬
ס
ɯڱһ
ĵŻعͷɯҪ˵Щʲôӣڣȥ˵
˵ţ˹Լš
ɯ׳ĬףӦѾµԼҪ˵ʲôΪ׵Ӧòµʼٸߡ
ڳĹԣҪĶˡ
ɯЩ꣬ϸֺԼʱں
ɯС㣬Եһ£Եһ£
ߵŮǰȥɯ׻عͷǷ̻ҵĳӣǸʱûоλ˹ɿˡ˹̹
Ժһ飬ȷԼλ˹ɿүûκνʾŮѯʣʲô£
˹ɿү˵ЩͰ͵ģʮżɯΪҧͷ
ʿˮ侲Ҹ㴫ҪӦkӡ
ɯͫ͵һʶ˷̬˿˹ɿκ춯Ѿһĵϡ
ɯ׽ʣ˭˵ģ
ҡҲ֪ʱиӰҵġ˹ɿЩؿڣ˵һֱЩͣɯ׷ûʲô쳣
Ҳ¶ģʱ˵¶֣ɯ׻ġ
ɯšüͷϸѯ˼飬ҲʲʲôЧϢԺ˹ɿ˵лԼ
ŮЩԥС㣬ǻȥ𣿡
ɯ׿һۣȥĻȥģ
Ůû˵ͷ
ȥɡɯױ۾Ϣҵļҡ
ֹǰſĵۡǰͬ˵ĳֻתһжʻȶĽ֡
ȻһС
˹ɿץסǸҴҸϻʣôǻǻظۡ𣿡
͵صͷܵǡǵģǳĵլۡķȥˡҹģҲȥĵطү
˹ɿ˽ҧҧУܻȥ¶С㽻飬ܾôң
һ˼ȥ¸ۡ
˿үҹģʰɣ
ʲôϲʵˣߣ
ճŻ¸ۡ

ĵۡĵ鷿ƻûϨ
ĵǸλñթռˣɯǰһΣ˭ûȥ
թЦ棺ôнѽ°ɡ
˶ûж
թһ⣺ɯ׼óΪҵľ𣿡
ɯ׿ڣΪ
ĵ󣬿һ֪Ҫ˵ʲôʱƤһһڣȣˣ˵Ҫæƽɯ׵鷳ҲûС
ԲԡթҡͷԵذڰֻ֣Ӧ鴦ãڻӳ׵׵վ˶棬ǷݻԼѾ˿̸ԸʵˣıŮ޸Ǹˡ
Ѿû˹ûݻˣӡɯ׶ѡһѾһݻˣζ
ôã㲻ỹҲɣ
һҲûв˼ĵѾһ亹ϽҡͷҷǳмһС
ףɯƺ¶ɫЩ⣬ҲЩ
㻹֪ɡթЦĸ׺һЩףԺøңĻϵ츳ܲΪҵľԺҲһó
ɯšüͷʲôף
ֻթҪΪûԼʲôס
ԡթ˰֣ڻʵʱ򡣡
ʵʱ㣬ɯסĵԸΪҵľ𣿡
ֳţɯ׻̧ͷҲԸ⣬թ¡
ĵ۾غһ
թ񻺻ǣǣ¶һζЦ


73 
˶ŵĽ, թͻȻЦһ
һЦЦǰϣ˿˼ŵذ̵, ϧ, ȫֻһ˲仰صЦ㡣
û˸óȻʵkΪʲôЦԼͣĵ̾˿ûĴ, ͺһģһ
ϾǸɯ, ӵи߹Ʒ, ϣŮֱ߽겻թͷ»Ϊ˸Ĵۡ
һӦҲͦϲֹµİɣ
k˵ɯǧٱĹά滰ģµ÷ֺ, kųŪɯܾʲôõ¼Ҫ
ɯüͷʱ׼ӦԹ, ൱򵥡ƴթĹٱססֻҪһʦͬź͸̻ķʦ֧Ԯġ
, Ͼŭ, ҲֻӦõĳͷ
ܻȻġ
ɯ̧ͷźεս⡣
թƺ˼ʱ붯, k°ʣϷ, ²һ׼˶ٸƭ֡
ɯһ˼, ڣһʼûϴɣϲĹ忴࣬ƭתӡ
šթΪѵššüͷҿûְȻǾͦ˼ġ
һһԵĻѡҸͲҪ㵱ҵľ
ոմӦˣҲ㣬ϲ㱻ƭˣҲŲָ࣡
㡭ɯһ˿ŭ𣬲Լ飬û˵ʲôðĻ
ȻλƺҲȫʲôмþգkдǵؽ˵ֻϲΥԼѡȻһֻǰùʱĴ㵱飬̫
ɯҧڻ̲סڣ飬ǵòľģ
ɯףĵɫɷ׵غǳ⣬ŮĻŭλϲŭ޳顣
ҲûϵҲ㵱թ㲻ذ˰֣kŹâ˵籾ʹûйָǵ˽磬ƾʲôҪǹԹĹ
ҡ飬˭ǿ˭˵Ĺء
ܲ˼ɣûϵǺܿͻϰˣһƬ½ϲġҸеְĵĵط
ɯ̲ססȭͷŴԼĸףסΪʲô˲ϵ
񡣡թƺЦеĸ׺˽Ŷûиۡ
ݴ۶ҲԴ󷢴ȱظ㣬ʲôĽףĸ֮ǰĽ׻Ľף
ȵȣ޹أߡĵĻ˵һ룬ͻȻ˶סʺ仰˵ֻܷǡ
ף
ɯ˵ߣȻʲôҲˣĵĲΧճɫĺۼʲô
թϵЦݸ䣺꣬˵ֻǸ֮󻹸۵Ĵû㿪ڵķݡ
ɯףѡˣҪ֮ǰĻĽݣ
Ļ£סĵӵ˾Ȼĵ˿Ҳ⿪ˣ޲ðѿҲͨͨ̽
ɯһڣ֮ǰġ
ѡ֪kΪʲôһѪģغģֻ֪ոթ¶ʵ޴ӷ֪ʲôϮ˸ף
ֻܰյk˼ԹԻش
թصͷðɣǾĽס
ɯף
ȰԼ͵kΪȣΪ˵ԻѾǸصȱˡ
թ²ؿڣ㻹֪ɣ㸸ҵңΪҪǸӵĻԼΪԸ⸶Ķ
ô˵ĸթŵظ̾һ䣬룬ΪԼŮԸͶףĶŮû
Ծһ㶼ҪߣҲòǰߡ
ĵ˲ɫɷףŴƺҪ˵Щʲôʲô˵
ҪӺҽԼĻֻҪȥҹɯʶҪΪԼĸױ粵թҡҡͷ
ᱻ˵лթ̯֣Ϊôӵʹ֪ǸǸԶķҲҪʵʵȻǱĻŮŶ
㸸ôôأֶֻܸ㲻֪ɣǸ¶ҲҵͽŶ
ɯڱɫƺЩţǡǳҲԵݣԼļˡ
ûôôֱɱҵѧթ˰֣οҲļˣǰŮõӣֻʱɵ¼Ҽķһʱ䡣
£ȷʵҲ߻Ϸ磬˵ףʼĹĸףҪʼٸߵĻŶթ¶ֻı飬Ǹ߹Ļ˵ץء
ĵ뷴ûҪkɱˣ뵽ոձסʺֻɫŤذѻȥ
թĳɯȻ
̵̫ˣֱǿӵмᶨ͸߽꣬ͬϲֶ̨Ρ
ְֻȥҲɯ֪
ĵ۾Ůߡ
թ񲻻⣬kЦؿڣһ仰һ仰˺ͼڲصİŮ֪ԼĸǸӵĻ쵰𣿿㱾
ָſĵЦؿɯף֪¶ҵˣҲ֪ǳһϵûУǺԥͼӣûʸٵδû˳λߵλ
ɯĿζһ䣺ס
ĵûлشĿƫһߡ
ɯ֪ĺ塪ˡ
թ񳩿شЦ
ɯסﲻӵıͷŭŬƽؿڣʣǻһأǰĽʲô
թ¶ζЦݣkۿĵǰİ
ĵ۾סթ°ڣƺʹŤϲҲηذ󣬡ҪҪ
թ̧̧ȣ䣬kĿ⿴ǽŻ͵Ưĵˣϧˡ
֪ĸΪʲôҰæӵĻԼ𣿡
Ϊңܵ顣Ͼ
Ů


74 Լѡ

ɯ״˰, ãȻ޴صɴ۾һʱЩӦˡ
һΣλթթľˣôΪ
ô¡
ɯʶԼĸף·ҪѰʲô𰸡
ĵһҰ, ûпѾʶ, ΰηթ񶼲ıԼ⣬Ϊ, ôΪı뷨
Ȼ, թ۴˵ʱǸеӤ, Ҳѹʲô֪
Ŀĵ˻СթһҪĹµڣȻȻֹźһ
ˣɯԺ¡¡죬թ, ǡ
ѲСĶҲթƺ˽⣬ȻҲ, ҵĸҲû̥ʮ£Һô
ﰡҪԼ嶼ƴȫСֱĵʧ, ûĵһµ, ԼҲˡ
ҵĴĵһƬҲ֣ܽұȥҽȥʦ, ȥа鷨ʦ
թſ˫ۣȻҾǰ
Ҹ, ܰǸ, ֻҪǵʬ彻ҡҲһʼΪǸа鷨ʦȻҾȾѪʬ壬Ȼ󻹸ʻˡ
ɫ԰ܶ΢Цӣﵫ˭Ůʱǰʹ飬ֱҵ񣡡
ʵҲôţϾһسŵ񣬴ƭˡ
ŵkõЦɯ׶˶죺Ҳƭ˵İɡ
ʶթЦЦȴ۵ףɱ޴ĸ״ˡ
ôأ㶼޵ģ࡭
ɯûע⵽թ˵仰ʱ۵һԼĸס֣Ǹһһ˿Ͻʹ飬˻ţǵģǼٵģǼٵģҵɯףҵŮ
סɯҲ̲ססô¡
ĵʹסԴ
һʼӺŮĻعܸˣ̫ţʱҲϾ˼Щĵ˵ȱӪûд󰭣ɯȫǸĺӣѲѲĸŮ״̬
ɣӺŮס˱𴦵ׯ԰˵ȥѰҽȱܹͷͰǴ
ֻҪһпգͻһ·Խٵ𴦵Сׯ԰ۿǣȷǻţܱ۾˯š
һʼҸİλŵ񹩷ϵضŵk
𽥷˲ԣҲǷӿʼòõˮҲǷʼƵƷǰϲĲˣҲĵ״һʼ֪Ѿˣǰģֻһӵһ׵ˡ
ֻ׵ɯףǸðƵĿĵׯ԰ֻʱѲˡ
ʱΪʲôǸӣûҲһǸׯ԰أ
ĵЩģ߿ɯס
Ϊĺӻûгҽʦֻͨδε̥ǸŮûһĶգ˵ؾŮ
Ϊһ̳ˣЩϹŶһѾĻҪȢһã
ΪǸһ˫һ۾żʹʲôıôСĺʲô֪һ޹ģ
ΪϣϣǸӡ
ĵ͵֣סɯ׵֣һѽһͷ;ĩ·ŭʨթŭ𣺡ҵŮѾԼѿĵҰĿɽ㣡Ѿˣ㲻ܰߴߣ
ŮˡթЦеؽҴĻԣңҲҪʲôɽЩʯͷļֵԶȲʹͼ尾ȤҪĴۡ
ѾˣҶѾЩۣΪʲô㻹Ҫ֡ĵڵأˣŹӰɣ뿪ɣˡ
һû˵ءթ°ͣ㶼û𣿴ֵʱͽϸϸԼЩ£Ǳؾĳ򡣡
ҵ¶׼Ưӣʱ㣬ҾҲҵҾ˸к˳òĿĵ벻ס
һʼ˵Լܽأ˵Ҫָ֮⣬ͬ˺ҽףΪʲô
뱣ҡɯ̲סµᣬ㡭
ô޴࣬˲ʹĴۣһٻıթ¶ЦݣΪ㣬ҲһƾҰڲ
Ѿ֪ҵţҲòµνȴ᲻ٵĻء
թý˵˲пĻͷǸѽɯףλѾȥĿĵˣĸŮ賤һģһأ
ɯҡһӰԺһ˲һ󡪡һɫͷŮ˱ǰ޴ȱ
ĵ㣬ԺǸ߹ĿĵˣŮҪСk˵
ʱǸеӤЩ䣬թصġ
԰ڵβk˸Ľ˵ģҺ塣
࣬ȴóһȵʲôЦǰԼ𣿡
㿴߹ɯС㣬ʵǸͼƭӼС죬ЦɼһƳѪͳǸЦ
˸ָƾȼһԻ棬ͬʱɵ¼һ
թſ죺ˣڡ
kδ䣬ɫ΢΢΢ͷſڷķС
˴㵵Ťͷܽ١һɫڸεۣڳҹɫ˷żɵ¶̨ϡ
ڣǸħˣʵ̲סˣôôǷ񣡼ֱķǷᣡ
թıһ˲Щ΢
ħεҡҡͷ㶼ѾˣǸʲôá
ɯŷӦһĵЩŵؿڣܽС㣬Сģ
թЦһ˰һڵģҹǻ᲻᲻ˡ
Ϊʲôħ̧ۣΪǺҹŮĶӣȻӵкҹľˣǾͻȴԺ𣿡
һ˵ǻġթվڵӰӴӳȥkЦЦҲ֪Ǹһļһ
Ҳһ£ľܲץסأ
kοҪʧӰȻһۣkȻ̽ɯ׵ʺս
kޱ˵룬ǲܾôŹ㡣
һжңһѾҵӡȻ뷴Լŷ飬̰޴ķˡ
ɫĳ|ǹ˳ŷթɹȵkɿ֡ܽѾĹ׼顣
թı׽kħ俪ڣιάҲ𣿡
šħ°Цôˣҿˣֻþ߶Ը㣬𣿡
ܵñһ£ֵ֪Զֲа
ǰʼթ̾˿ǲʲô
ҵӣЩ޴ķˣʲôأ
ֲҪǡħŤͷܽ٣ش𡣡
ԽȼĻ棬ܽٺɯ׶һۣԷĲʹ࣬սȹڣſĵ˫֡
̧ܽͷη׼թ񣬷羫黶Χżķ죺ҪѡȨ
ΪɯסĵǳΪɯסҪԼѡ
Ļһͽ䣬վ¶̨ϣ·ڽ¡


75 ˯
ļٿȻը, ɯſĵӴһԾ£ʱܽ, ΢΢̧, ķء
ȻթȻӵص׳֣ûĹȣִŵҪȡɯ׵
ɯšüͷ, һƿĵ, , ԥط˹𣡡
޴ĻթӰڸ»һŤĽӰɯ׻ûɿŻĽڵƴ, Ȼסʺ
թӢѾΣkȻɯףѾӵõ𣿡
˽ףѪҵū, ߵ˫ֶӰΣסʺ
ɯ̧ͷѹˮ, 㱼俴¶̨ϵܽ, ŹֻҪթһ𶴴
ɯײ֪ԼǴ, ˱˵ʹ˺, ɤӷһһ㶼ĺ, ݺöͷ˵kһͷ鳡
ס˵kֱۣɳźܽ٣
Юŷ˵kܰѳǽ䴩ҲڵkϴһѪ
թվ˦ʲôණһ˦ɯ׵֣kۿ·ϣȻЦһ
kϽڵƤƤһ£¶ոµǣֻܽ䴩ǸѪȻڡkճ鶯ŰѼε̾˿񲻻ȻǺ۵İ
ܽ١£Сĵ㣬һŶԶ̱ʯļҡ
Ӧkһ֧ŵkշɹļթԼѪ̲סզࣺǸƢСѾͷά㿴Ů˵۹治ôͲ֪ᶮµ𣿡
ħֵ˵ɯף˵ǸĴϢץǸ
թۣҲǺޱ仯ͱûˡ
ħǣ˵㲻ϲϷⳡϷô˶ԿϷ롣
ǡİϷˡթϵػش
Ŷħ¶˾ϲı飬ҲҲǡ
ܽͷĻҿԼħˣ
żħְ˰󣬡ֻҪkڵkϿٶҲֻǻõkеۡ
Ҫɱ񣬵Ȱѵkɡħ
ħЦһթڱɫkԥѸٻһӰͼܡ
ħſ򣬰ܽ٣żʱɱ
ܽ죬ԼħƺЩ̫ԣҲôִ߱˰
¶̨Ծ£ɯ׵ƣŤͷĵȥҽʦ
ĵ쾭һĴ䣬˿Ҳ˲ʲôϺˣ͵صͷֽŲ˰Ȼ𣡾Ȼ𣡡
ʵ鷿Ūô󶯾ۡȴʲôûһⱾѾʮֲ˼ˡ
ĵĺڻžĳҹ˾鷿Żˣ˾Ȼ𣡡
С㣡ү
ܽٵͷɯԴģʣµһģ΢Ϣһˡ
վڱ˿Ӱ֮ǰѭħ뿪ķ׷ȥ
ڣͬһɫƷܽٷںҹＲС
ͷѰħӰħˣϴ򰡣̫˿壡
ͿһźӰǰʱס̤ȥ
ȿȣթɨһۣʮЦðɺðɣʹԨôãȻĶ֡
䡣
ħչų򻺻£ܽٿһ۵kı飬֪k뻹ûд񫣬ʮؿڣҲżһٴһġ
ȣթһkħ˵ɣҪĴۣ˵ռѪҪ϶ѪҺܵðħأ
ħȤؿŵkЦһȫ
թ
ħ˶򣺡Ҳûа취ҵľ㣬Ǹ衭޶ȵħ
թҡҡλεվk´ħ֪𣬴ҵ𣬾ͳ˵һе˵ǡӡû񡣡
˵ĺ񣬻˶ƣԨȾħ
kָħЦ⡣
ܽѾ˽ĶˣȻ֪֮٣ֻ֪ԷƺԨ֮ǰѾʧˡ
ɻ󣬵֪ڲñǣűߡ
ħˡܽٵ
ħعͷһɺɫĹâܽٻûȷϣѾ۾ʱֱ˰ɫͫס
ˡ

ֻܽǰһħѾŲӰթҿˣ֪񲻺ƽϣΪкܶ鷳ֵܣһλ̵ĸס
ʵ㲻֪𣿡
ҿЩkûпڣȻɫ䣬˾ֵĽ
kµĵ渡ֳһŨħڶ˿˿Ƶزթ塣
޳˫Ȳ䣬ڵkʹ˻һ˫㡣
ܽ΢΢šüͷǺȻĳֲԤУ͵سѣħˣ
ħһ˲ԼҪ˯ȥˣܽٵĺ˲۾ǿ˯⣬һĹҲ㹻˴թˡ
ºȹŮֿթޱ䣬նѾħ˫Сȡ
թ񷢳ҵغУסŮֱۣɱɱޱ
ŮȹڳħһϺ飺ɣ鷳ļһǵ鷳ɹˡ
ħûнӻܽѸߣס
ޱüëһ˿ܿk֪ħող˯ţʧȥʶѹƣԨ׵ıŰͻõkɺ־ǿħ
kΪԽӽᱻ˺ƬҪָˡ
k̾˿ǱлҪ鷳ĵˡ
kս°Ѫ죬Ѿڳһ˫ȵթһԾҹſ˵kǵӰ
ܽһ㶣ħסˡ
˯ޱǼһе鷳
ܽٺܿ췴ӦħںԨȾԿһʧȥʶ˯ţͻԨףλ˯ȷʵǸ鷳Ķ֡
ûϵģʱһʹҹŮϲܽٻ˻ȭͷʮִȵط˷źݻ
ħӺһЦͷ°ѹܽټϣסԴعͷԼЩʧصɺ˫ۡ
һеˡ
ֱһӵֱܽħ䣬͸ոթڲᵽйأԼڵĻ˵Ըĺġ
ܽգգۣĺ󱳣ǻؼҰɣħˡ
ǻȥҹҶڼء

ڣ䵹ʰ¶еػعͷһҵļС
թһֻȸոջָԭһֻһСأkȻʹ¶ЦһŻ㿴ΪͼңŻẦѪġ
ң¶ڵأ翷ɸ
㣿թ񳶳һЦݣ˹ɿˡ˹̹Լ𣿡
޽Ȼֹ¶һ߬ȹڣҧ˺һ㼷
ұ
ѵΪνġ顯թ¶Ӷı飬ġ


76 սƷ
¶, Ҫˡ
һ޴İ׳ա
ҪΪһ׳үˡ
۾룬, թҲŹ, ʵҲûв
֮ǰҲλ߸ϵһС鷳
ȻԤеľʹûΡΡ, һλİĸ߹Ůʿվǰ, һذѾᴩթʺ
¶̲סг, ˣթˣɱ
㣬Сһ̶˻֣ʾվԼ
¶Ѿûվ, Ŀ־ֻ֮һŲ˱, ʱŷ֣վӡ
ӿĿԵЩӡ
¶촽£ջĿһҵǸ, Ҳԭġ
թɫЩŹ, k죬©ĺֻܷѪ
ŮüͷkԴҶҸҽҩ֮ѧ˺þѪȽ϶, ò׼ĵط
kóһСƿ, ˿kĳѪ, ְѴƿȥ֣Ǹƿҡ
ѸǰһѻƿĻˮȫ⣬ԼĽʿϸϸɾˮգŵݸŮ
թǰһڣ̲סۡһ³Ѫ
ŮѸûƿϣ۴Ȱû£°
˯ޱվ˴ϣĿ⸴ӣȻ׵櫡
Ů΢΢ͷħ˵ˣҿΥǳС۵ļһ֪¶ɵ¾ȻұŵkϢһ鷳ģͺá
k˵ſթ񣺡Ҳû뵽Ȼ˵ô˻Ǳ𣿡
ʮթû봺Ůǯƣkҧڣޱ㻹ڵʲô
ޱڴϻ˻νţûϵģ磬kûҪɱ㣬ֻǷŵѪѣֲġ
Ů˵ͷţõģҲħû취ɱ˵kģֻҪˣҾͷŵk뿪
ţá˯˸Ƿʱ㺰һڱ˯ĺʱ򰡡´һչ˷ҿ˵Ĺˣš
ֻһĹ򣬵k᧿ΣĴϣ˳ߡ
׵죬Ǳ졣
¶ҪɵˣͿթҪֻŲӷѪļӶǡһĻթһ뾡취ɱġ
ŮҲûķһƿŷ˰ƿkûģ˯񣬰ѵkЩɱĸ绹˵k
Ů˵úҹŮkȻk´Ҳ磬ҪѪˡ
ţá˯ƺеԺģk죬Ӧһת˺ҹ
ŮѰ뻨ƿѪһţعͷ¶
¶ɷط
ŮĶͷϣӽǴŮͽˣҿ˵ӡѾˣ߰ɡ
ȥģ¶ŬһԼ
ŮʰһСԭȥģȥġ
ȿȡ̳ѣŮˣܽСĻ
Ŷˣܽ١¸ĻŮɤӣҶ˺ܶ鷳Ǳвȵķϣ֪һжǣ׷¾ˡ
㲻ԼѡΪթͽģѡżڣϵļѾժˣӽԺߵÿһԼѡ񡣡
û˻ֹ㣬ȻҲдİ
¶˰Σ͵صͷҡ֪Ķǵģ
Ů򰢶ףͷֽ̯ţ˵ɡ
˼¼׵۵°ͣˡ
¶Ĭ˰ΣȻڣ𣿡
׵һ£¶ɫʵû˼
¶ѾŮǰҲ֪λ飬Ҳ֪ܽС㵽Ǻηʥ˵ˣ֮ÿһҵѡ񡣡
ѡԸһݶ飬ܲܡܲȰ塭
թڣǵkӣΪµԼ޷ΥkǣѰ壬֮ȳɣ
ŮĬḳôӦԣܽûн̣ҪȻȥʰɣ
̵ͷǡ
Ůֵ˵Ǹƿʾϣ̵һ˫֡
׵һѻƿȵڻ¶Цݣٺ٣ɣ˼ֶڶˡ
̲˼ԼĺףǸŮˣһ뵽Ѫ̲סҪ
ŮݵصͷûϵԺϰ߾ͺˡ
զࣺԺа
Ů̧ͷҹգеġ
񷽫㣬ҡҡ׹ϣʢġƽ֮ǡ˭֪ء
Ůű̡ӡ¶а뻨ƿѪ¸ۡŴӿе֪ܽѾֶ˯ˣΪ׼ġݡ
ŮգգۣŶħأ˯ɣ
ȡεɤӣħҲ̫㣬ڿͷ˯һɣҲˡ
ðɡŮЩʧkѪڻҪԸǿ
ؿ佱kһᾪȵģȻȡôࡣ
Ů¶΢Ц
ʱ˵ŵħˣܽٷĴ̨ϣؿڣ۾ʵ˯
ܽС飺Ҹոħˣ˯ҲǺ顣
ħ°۾ûú˯ǺܴģΪħľŴˣҪȥҽҩ֮ץβ𣿡
ܽٷ˸Ŵ̨ϵħҾҽҩ֮Ҳõӣǰѵkץɣ
˭֪kĸħɨһۣ۾
ֻܽʵر۾һʲô
ħŻģ粻Ҵɹȥ΢˯һ
ܽٱ۾ûĿжᣬǶЦ⡣
˲ͷеţħˣҾҪڴǰһλҰĲİԵˣһûݺô죿
ħЦú˯ܱݺˡ
˯ʲôϵܽС飬ǽƽ
ħһŤͷ⣬ҹһƬţ½ҹĵۡ˴£Ҳûȫҹĳ
ҲпΪǰչһΣԴѸٵϰˡ
Եħ̲סЦһ
֪ܽûҲûи߹ĳҪλֻѪֶΣ²ʲô
ҪֻΪħľұ˵ħŮȡλаŮ֮ģҲǺԨħ𣿡
ٴܽٵĻ̲סչ
֣ƺͷֹ̣ͷϽҽҲգһ۾
СġչĴڣͺűصĶѨ
̲סֻͷһۡ
˯ɵ
ħЦ
ɰ롣


77 ¼
ڶ, ܽһӴһƿķţһױ, ¶־мЦ⣺ٺ٣, ɣҸһϰԵݵͷ
ﻹһȹӺݻĺڽɫ, ҰĲĸ߹ѹƵζ, ܷĿǰҪݵĽɫݡ
װ, žеԼɫ὿ѹȥ٣ЦʱȻѾϡ
ܽ°ͣҪҪ۾Ϳһ㣿
Ǿ̫ˡʮֲͬ˫ֳ, һרģڣãΣգǴ̵Ұõ, Ƿľ񣡡
ܽٿЦãı￴̨ʣ
ʵ飬谮Ůٺ٣Ȼǳŵ̫Ŷ
ܽٳĬ˰, ļ, ĳ˵ȣʵǻвģҲҪ̫ʧˡ
̫ûǲ֪Ǹëļһ
ȴ, Ȼû̫֮, ܽȹ, һŲ˴̨عͷգգ۾ôҰõˡ
ħˢſɫסϸ֫תȥ
ȵı𽥱ɴͣ򡭡ѵ˵
ħ
ֻѣǲħ˵أҡҿǴʦ²ãǼĹ
겻سſȥһһײţŰ૵˵Уҵҵοϣҵȥѡħİֻҵħħͨͨ͡ҳ

ڣԱൽˣܽ٣һ
Ҳ֮ǰõģٵҲǰԵһ֡
ܽûаεЦ߽˴ûվȲؿڣҹ˴𣡺ɵ¼ҵһģһ²ǡ
ϣĹ˵붼ëϲֻ˵һ룬һԼ䡣
ܽٲŹƵվֱ壬Цݲؿڣ֪Ѿˡ
ֳ˼
Ƴվһߵɯף̫ãӡϲ˺һɴҲŻδ˵˿ڣһݵŵĸŹŮ˿̷¶ִС
ĵͺöˣֻڴ¶̨ȥʱĲˣ⼸Ϻ
ܽԭڼҺúϢģ˵ʲôҪæųų棬ֻ˵ǵΪ
Ҳ֪ǲǴܾǾôһѣŮ֮䷴Ӻˡ
ܽҲֻһ䡰£úϡϾǲǣҪԼϷ
ˡ¶ֺ棬ôأ׾ǡ
Ŀ˵ɯ׺ͺ֮תһȦǿĵôĿԼҳŮݿƣӦû˰ɣ
ܽЦػش𣺡żѾˮʯˣײҲɯףǡһͷƻħ
ܽû˵թ񣬾ڳɣûйٷİϣǣָҲ̫ˡοҲûթ񣬿տڰ붨飬ô붼ᱻ˵
ȻʹĹҲ⣬Ǵָܽڷǡ
ߣҾ֪һƫԶСѾͷ
²ǲҵ￨ĵңҲҵңȻС
ƵħϣЦô˵Ůأƽ֮Ѿûħˣ
ܽƺҵַӦҲԤ֮С鷳£֪˵ſ󣬻ǵĳλ
һˮƽȻǲô׵غŪȥġ
Էй˵еĲܽٲƵؿڣ֤ݵġ
̧ͷһ۲һԵĹ£ѯһ䣺Ǵ
û׵ѾȱȻ֤׵ĶϿ
˸˷ܵĹâֻΪǼϴɵĿֻ֣֪ܽǶϷһǻϡ
˰׵һʾʵ㲻Ҫ£תͷȥſڡ
Ĵűٴδ򿪣ħ˶һ䵭ֿͽ֡Ҳͽ֣˿Сթնϵֻȣһ·Ӻ̺˽
ܽپù鶯ҲԼĺ̺
ħֻһӣһ˵ܽࡣ
Ѫɢħ޷٣ٹ嶼˼̲סŻ
˷ŭڣֶʲô
ȻܽĻشȻҪ΢Цҵ֤ݰȻҪҿȻ˵ƾҲץħ
˳һᣬ쿨ĵۡʱǿзλҲ˰ɣ
ĵɯײûпթħħĳ棬Ⲣ֪ʱôش
ɯɤӲãֻϵͷĵǰһǵģܽٴʦʱϵⳡֿ»ȥǵ
ҲܽСͲ²Ļֻ֣Լǰ˿ĵۡտӡ
ַʱӲû뿪Ҳûκ쳣ٶ
ܽʮԼСܵԾ֣˵ȣ֮ۡ˵ƻħڹɯСʧ֮ȥ¶ɵڣʱɯСҲĿ֮£ûκ춯
˵飬Ŀ𶯣˵ħ㡢Ҳնɱ
ֻע⵽˿ĵҵĴȴû֪ϣ֮ڴһֻħλʦ׾ٵɱ
΢һ룬ܽٵҲ޵ؽ䱸ûзʦҲӵйԼľӣûһ˲ܽٵ١ϣǼѵǵͣǶˣ
һʱ䣬˵ɫЩ΢
ܽ¶ЦûҲĿ֮һչ¶Լʵ
Ⱥ֮иӴĿ˿ڣӹڵӣб˵Ļϵᣬģ
ǵϸ̲ܽס࿴һۣɫ˲һףеڳͷ
ܽЦҡҡͷǼħ𣿡
Ӧ
ڶԪ֮ϱûжħˣ˵ħ˵е׷лĻħҲżŻֵϡ֡
Ҫ˵ɽܼһֻ©֮㣬ڷĴǣ붼ûʲôħġ
ܽôһʣ˶
ûܽЦŴһȦô֪ħթһ
еħ֪ŶЭеħóʹıƣеħܽĿħһۣ¶һ۵Цݣó
ħ
ȡ׵ɤӣ˵£¶ɡ
Ұһ¶ǰһͨһڵ棬ˮʼ˱ۣƭӵĻ˻𣿡
ܽȻ𾴣ݼʦôһԱȣСȻҲƵŬеĴϻֲ̫ˣ


78 Ļ
¶ıݿʼˡ
ὲԼħвı, ɫؽһλĹŮħв£һ߿־ŶԷһȻϢ, ͼΪԼ޹ļ˱ľĶǵĹ¡
ܽٿмλ־˲ᡣ
˹ɿүʱ಻סǰһ, ׳ŵӴ˵ģ¶СϢңҸɯС㲻Ҫؼ, ܣɯСûҵ, ǻȥ, ҵİȫȥܽС㡭˵Ķģ
˵˹ɿֳ˻ûм̳оλıԵС壬ûʸμôҪļġܽٻҪ֤, ñ취˽
Χһ˽֪ܽ󲿷Ѿ, ϾȻû֤ڹ˿Ϸ졣
ſڿӣӡĵҡŮ̻ȫվߡ
˭뵽, ľȫվߡ
˰಻סǰһ, ǿ׼ܽٲĿ¶֣ǳ⣺°ίи㣬ֶǣ
ָŵϵȣǺ˵, ô, ˵Ǵħȡ, ˭֪ǲҳʲôղ
ǿɲϣܽôͷǻųûһλ̳أ
ղءܽٵɫЩŹ֣˭ûղħȣҲһЩĵĹϲܡޣղħȣҲô⣿
ܽٺͰؿ˶Էһۣϲ͸Ҽſô
뻹ͦģǲ֪թ᲻ζɱڡ
ڵĹ֮˭ҪⰡ
߹ĹүôϲͼħءħؿڣЦЦɨһۡ
ԷȻëֱÿھԼʾΣգ죬ԼݾȻ졣
ܽٴؽӹҲԣүϲħģſڻǱȽʺϹҿŹԴ
һöԷƺѾԴҪǸٶ˵һ䣬һͻᱻŻȥˣ
Цһµ°ͣѽҲе棬ôֻʣһ˫أܽС㣿
ܽЦݲͺսʱһʱֻҪȡ¶ԷԴˡңҳЩûûصģһȣٻòˣ»Żҡ
ûóȻ
ֳһʱЩ죬ڹ㿴ҿ㣬û˸ҵͷ񡪡Ͼ룬Ȼء
ȡǿڵչڹŹ֣ɤӣæͣģҲǸħˣôһȣ
õָָȣ͸Ǹһ󣡡
ܽٲ̲סЦ
ܽСҵɯ׽ſڣĺˣɳƵͳû˵ѡ
˵Ķġ
λһҲǲó˵ѵǿǾô͸ż顣
¶һԼóеεʱˣٴμ᣺ұǸˣʹҲϧġ
ܽСһȥһὫħõ׸ܽС㣬ΪЧҡӽϵͽ
زЩʲôҪܽЧңȴңƺ
͵۴ϵĹ
ɫް׳˿ûĸڿʲôڴܽٵʵ
¡ܽͷ¶΢Ц£ô˰ɣ
ӸµؿλƫԶسĹŮƺڽһ¶ͷǺȭȭҰġǿССװʵı̨Ҳµλ
ĬʱЩˣ·ܽ١¸նţ֮ڣô˰ɡ
ȫӺʹ棬ǺܺõĴʽ
Ĺɫ죬λվ˰֣ʾƿ
¾ô䶨
ĵ̲ס࿴һܽת뿪Ӱ˵ɯףҲڼ֤һʱĵ
ɯ׳Ĭصͷ
ˣʱ

Եȥ֮󣬵веҪ̽ܽٽļƻеǸϵǳġħӶžʲô·еûпǽ飬ȻҲԡ
ȡڻǸûоλĹ壬ɲһߵһء
ܽ鷳ԱŲֻͣÿȴ͡
Ⱥ˵öǳģҲץ˻ȫȨꡣ
Թؿǣռʱ˼ҽڣھͻ鷳½ҡ
ѪҲˣʲôʱе֪ˡħĹӶвĳˣе㲻ˡ
롣ܽٴ͵ؿ뻨ƿѪ׵ǰթե˰
˵Ǳ˲١˵ͷˣǻݷãҪ𣿡
ԼħҪرʾ飬ǣΧŹթûԼŶĵλ𣿡
ܽüëһšɡ
ǻ񱣳ž裬ҲûʲôޣһҲûʲô
磬ǻҲǻʥķԼ
ܽشһۣ㿴ǲǻ¡
ȷʵЩƣɫϺǺ̧ͷܽһۣŶΪǻ̵ȷʵи࣬ҷ⸱Ϳģҵۡ
һ̧֣˲Ȼһ£ܽٳ˳ǣջԼĵݳȥĹػ
ܽ⣺ʲô𣿡
ķħһۣȷûҪ˼ƺǰȫȨܽ٣ſ˵Ҫ뿪һӡ
ħ̧̧ۣж
ķ΢΢ͷߡ
ܽ°ͣûдǴССźܶСЩСеҲ൱ڰϣǵһ죬ҳСĦϣġ
һɢɳˣƺ԰ϣǵı߾ķɫЩأҵõϢǱߵͷӦս֮񡣡
ǵkľս֮١
ħšüͷ⸱ģܽЩǣѶԸ𣿵k԰ϣǳ𣿡
kǿڸʵս֮Ŀֻ֮սв֡ķɫأĹսֻһʾͿ˵ս޲ʤ
˵թԸһƭֵĻս֮Ըһϯ½սÿ|µս½İͼħͻȻڣ˵˭ʵΪ׹е˵ĻӦһ
ܽҲһһ˵ּһӶô
ķɷнµص˵ͷֻȥҵǻۻս֮㡣
ܽޱؿ
ķؿǶ֣һѸԮǻ㲻ǿԽѣҺôվߵġǻҵİɣ
ٰܽ˰֣ôĵ˵пյĻ
߾һʱûʲô⣬ȻĻ۵ǻôԼǰ
ħȻ°˵ھߣ
ǻһ£˵ͷԣܿ죬뿪ȥʰһ㶫
뿪ĻҲ÷ľλӦֻаҵǸ˰ɣ
ħÿɷشۣոյͻȻھѪһûҪ˵ģٰܽͳ˸ۡŦվſڡ
ķΪʥԺŦжʥݣΪǻĴ̡Ȼǻֹ̲һ̣ڲԱٶ֪ݣѾٲȻǻ̵ʵȨˡ
ܽ٣¶һЦݣЩֹ¶Ǹ𣬸ķĽŲ
ܽٿڣħˣʲôҪ˵
ħӦһ
ܽٽҲƣҲǻ̵ķ𣿡
ħֹһ䣺˭֪ء
ܽ˵ħˡ
ħ̾˿Ǹµļһ֪֪ˣҴ͵͵ȥ
ܽϲЦտǻȻǲܶҡħĵλģ


79 Ԥ
ħܽ׷ȥ, شǻ̵ĴŦķ䡣
ħĸܽѾܴŵشӴԾ£һʼˡ
Ŧһʼ˾, ڿ֮¶ɫ, εЦܽС㣬ħˣû뵽ǻǰ
ܽɤ, ڳһͷ鱨ӵģΪҿһֹ, ô, ǲǻʲô⣿
ѵսǼϢ͵ˣ
ŦȻʧЦҲԼ鱻Ͼǻƽı, ȷʵױ˵ֲ֮ˡ
˵ǻĽûгһ
̾˿ǸˣֻǿûԸ, ǻʲô쳣
ħһбܽ٣һֻѾ˴̨ʹ뿪ˡ
ܽеħˡ
عͷ, Ŧ, һ飬ֻҪûҪ˵𣿡
Ŧ죬˵ġ
ðɡܽٿеʧ䣬Ƶص˵ͷ, , ͸úøɡ
ô·𣿡
ζ϶һЩ, ʳﲻθڣٵζϤġ
ЩԵľͲҪˣȻҲֻӸ
ŦεЦɫȴϵ᣺ܽС㣬лл벻õģ̻ᶼѾ׼ˡ
ܽץץԴ˼ЦЦʵҲǺó𣬲뿪ʱôҵģͱӦҲ˶ٰɣ
ŦȻʧЦۣҲ̫ҡûôĸ׵Ľ
ܽСʱͱ̻ˣǻ̵ʥΪ˱ȫ̷飬ǲٻԭļȥģ˽̻ᡣ
Ŧ򵱳Ϊ츳ˣ̻ļʮңΪֵʮҵġ
ܽٿϼסŦ֣ϵؿڣŦ£Ļ԰ҡ
ιħٴšüͷȻܽٽ˵裡
ħ
λǰʥҲһǴӦúûеܽٵ
Ŧ򲻽ûЦ̲סŶӣҲͲסعЦһЦһ߲۽ǵˮֿ˵ǿ鷳ˣ衭ۣ
һ仰û˵꣬Ц
ܽ򴽣еίŤͷħħˣҾڳЦϵ⡣
ȻͻȻ˵Ҫ˵ȷʵ֣ҲֻһʱʧԣϵӦûܸоİɣôЦӣ
ħѵû˳˼˵ҲúܺЦ
ܽٳĬįߵڣܾħİæҪˣԼȥ㲻Ҫҷˡ
ħ˼һ£Υĵغԣһ㶼ЦҪҰ𣿡
ŦЦȻֹ
ȡŦɤӣָƽׯģǸһЩ飬ܽС㣬ȷʵЩĵ£Ը˵ĻΪݱɣ
ܽٻͷһۣŤͷ˿ľɫٴδӴ̨˵ͷðɣٸһᡣ
ŦľãôʹЦһһɨգɫ˵£֪ǲҵĴǻ¡ƺЩ
ҲпαװҲûʲô֤ݣֻǸоƺ
ܽٺħһۣͬʱڶԷ￴Ź֡
һΣǵ֮ǰ˵ģج𣿡ŦЦһˣҾƺĳԤ֪Ρ
μǻ͸⣬ԼѪһء
ħüëÿζ
£ƺһƽƺΪǸ棬ɫܲÿһʼҷһʱħǻҳŽ룬ȻξȻֹ
֮ÿμͬһͷٽһչҽߵĵطҵᴩǣͬһ֮ǰ
ξ͵ĽŲһûüͷִξ˹
ħ˼ķ𣿡
Ŧ΢΢ҡͷûУҡЩÿδ㿪ڣջû˵
ǻȫ֪ȫܣkҪ֪Ļkġ
ֻҪ𣬾ȱħһۣͷܽ˵ûʲôΪĶһ
ܽʶԼȹڣһ֮һ۵ز֣Լϵıʯ
ˡħ̾˿ſ򣬼˸Լëݸ
ŦŽӹǡ
ħȫϵʦϵħ𣿡
Ŧͷ
ǾţΣյȼҾͻħߵ˴ڣ㹻鶮ʱ䣬Ҳлȥ
˵ķҲʲôܽ°˼컹صˣȣһҪȥ
Ŧ˿¶ϵЦݣǻҲвǾٺòˡ
ëղغã֣ǵл
Ȼһ̧ͷܽٺħѾԭˣεЦˣˣλϲ˾лˡ
´δҵɫʳȥɣӦûϲġ
۴Ц⣬ѹ˵ҺڴΪЧҵһ죬𾴵Ů¡

ϣǵĶ쵽ˣԵڽֵϣܺˣķů͵ı¯Ҳ
ܽúУǻʵľ֪߾һλħʦҲûóȻݰǰߴ鱨ڲҲкüҪƺҲûôϣǡ
ŦҲż˵뿪֮ûôجˣҲҲֻĻþֻеξĽŲ˭
̱ʯҲż󻼱ѿܹһյĺꡣżĳʱǻ֪ܽѾλѡˣڲû㹻ĽǮðõĹ·
ܽٴů¯һµȥ̱ʯ̶ħִԨô֣Ӧ˲Ǯ˰ɣ
Ȼüëڳһ൱ı飬ҪЩʲôʲôԣ
һЩ·Ĺȥ̱ʯģȻǷĶðɣְһ˵ģܽ۾ģȻټĵҹȥһжãǸҼǮˡ
Сðɣеࡣ
ܽٿյԴħЦǾԼ̶Ӱɡ
ܽһ£Щ˼᲻̫鷳ˣҡҲôԵġ
̱ʯɵ֡ħ°ͣȻһ񲻻ȥҿǸֶεļһ
ǰѪڣֳ㣬ẕ̇ʯ죬Ҳðһ㡣
ܽգգۣһĥħߣգգۿʲôҪħˡ
ţħͷ
ΪҾ̫ˡܽСش𣬡кܶˣȻһģʲôҪĻҿģ
ħۿյ¯ůģŮպƯͫ׶İ¶ȣǸͨġĥ־Ķ
ħ۵ЦЦָָ̧ϣ˵ȥҴ
ܽˢվߣߵſڣȥˣħˣ
šħЦſ
ַٰܽŵŰϣȥŶ
ȥɡħĴǼֱѹȥ
ܽٴһŷ죬ХžְŹˣعͷһ˵̫ˣħˣҪȿɣ
ħ̲סЦ


80 ȵԼ
ܽٺܿյ̱ʯĻ, ǡħӶŵĳԱӱͻġ
оܽļӶʮ⣬ڿǽԵĺ֣, ʹҲûʲô˵ˡ
ܽû˼, 滹һ·˹ҵڣΪ˿·˹ҽĺᣬڵĻ·˲صǰ, Ըо˲Ǹ̫鷳Ĺ
ŶܽٳΪŮѡ˱ʾ, ˵һֱ֪ԼŮгϢ, û뵽ôгϢ֪ô£ܽ͸ֽƺое١
°˼ħɤӣ, 𣿡
ŶܽŽ¿ּһӱþıʼ
ʲôһ, ŮҲûʲôҪҪǶһҪգ򼲲ɲΪݶŴرʾ̱ʯԵƺ, Ƕ, ȾԲߣܽټʹԶҲҪע⡣
ţħ̧ͷߣ
ܽƺҲﲻԣſڣħ, й𣿡
пܡħûаѻ˵, ʱ㱬Ҳ, һס
ҪһǣթиΪֵ֮ܡ
ܽٳĬ˰룬߷ߵӣǼһﵽжٸֵܣұŮ񰤴ҲûҽðkôôСۣ
춼ԵòǺоĴŮãȻ̧ͷţ
ħڻش𣺡ڿ㡣
Ů˿ůĺ裬ٴҴԼϵë̺ȥʬ
̲ܽסЩģûɣ
û⣬󲿷ֲﶬҲԵģҲѡħ°ͣߵô죿
Ȼ̻ȥȥ˺ҲûʲôãϾҲβܽ¶˿յɫȰ߹ɣʾ飬׼һҾȸ׳ͨš
Ǽ֮Ӧôأħˣ
ħԥؿڣҽҩ֮񡣡
ôҵأ
ֹܽһЩ飬ҪټһǺҵġ
ҪҲģֻԼħ°ͣҵȤĶ
ҩŮ΢̧˵ԴϡĲҩkһȤ
թﱻħն˫ȵĴѾˣǸһҲǸ⡣
Ŷ˵ˣħȤֱ壬ʲôӦ
kҲ˵Ů̲סϵЦ⣬̫ˣkֻҪһ㱣֤ῳkȣԸǡ
̲ܽס棺̫ΪʲôôҪ
˭֪ħkһֱǸԴеļһ
Ůش𣺡Ϊáƽ֮ǡرʺΪ̫ľסء
ܽ˳Ĭ
ħڣ˵ɣв
ܽƼƻҩݵĹЧҲܴ̫ţһǼٵġ˵ǳԺܵϺҩһҪ;֮˳ҩӷѩлĴ˵
˵Ǵ̩̹ĵġħ󿿽ҽҩ֮ǰʼǸļһһ㶼ǿԶԶģҲӦûȥ̩̹ĵ
Ůֹһ𣿡
ħ˵ͷҾУǼһҲǸ
ܽ̾һ䣺ʺǡ
Ů¯𿾵÷Ӧٶ۵Դת£ź֪˵Ҳ
ܽ˳ֵݸһ𣿡
ллŮӹѾϰ߶Է˵лˡ
˼ƻΨһǺϣӲǺ죬һڷ̩̹ϸûֲҩǾˡ
㣬ҳţߣܽʣãʲôȥѽ
վſڣϣѵýûѩˡϵᣬŮ飬Ƶ˰ɣ涼˵Ĳء
ܽٸЦ·СİûѩҲǺġ
֪Ĳӳ
ܽĿ뿪ħˣ㿴
ħ˵ͷǸദûܴ֡
Ŀ䵽ܽϣȴƺûԼ˵ʲôһ𾪵ؿʣħˣȲ̸˰ɣ
ħ
ܽˢվŵⲽǵͷǸȥɣ
ħƤҲ̧һ£Įؿڣȥ
ħˣܽһס󣬡ǺϣӻϤΪȵ󣬻ǼƻĺҾҪ۲һ£
ħЩͷ۵ԴѾСˡ
ûأƽʱҽСȸСˣܽٿӣ֪ùȱұ֤ǣҾԶԶؿۣ
ħ̾˿رǰŤͷŮ񣺡ꡣ
׼ò֪ڼСĴŮֶһ¡

ϣǵѧˣʹûѩյĻѩҲ£ҲֻߣܽůŴߺȻɹһƬڵҶΪԹϡ
ȷûʲô˿ܽŴ˳Ҷħ棬ˣȥ򰢶ϣǷ·Ϊ˶죬ǸҲþ˵װ̫ˡ
Ĵ󲿷˶ϣ˽ϵȰæıһ£
ܽ¶һֺõЦݣůĴ׹סħĳ򣺡Ұ棡
ħĬؿű§ڻĳˢغ˶䣬ӲذѳûûСС
Ҳһ֣Сǰĳ򵱳û֪װΰɣ
ħɵشܽ١
ֻܽڲ˼ٺЦǾȥǼµ꣬۲һ£
֪ĿĵԺָܽһС·֮ǰִµꡣ
һʿµ꣬չʾõĸףпñ͹ȡܽٴ˼ۣĵӭãλС㣬롭
ָָܽħ¶ЦȻǸλ·ȿʽ
Ŷħһޣϵ˵λ۴ʲôܺÿģϸ㹻ܳ󲿷ʽ·ˣҪ硭
ħ٩٩̸ħŤͷܽιܽ٣
ܽ۾·ҲãħôԽƽֻɫҲ̫˷ˣ
ÿģ·Ҳʧ˵·ħúġ˵ħһֱûд·
ܽٿħùŹ˵ɡ


81 
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۾һ΢ЦΪܽٽܣһܳĵθ޳, Ҳ, ʺճСһ׾رҷģû, µģ
, ʱר÷װҲһװɣ
Ѿ, øħƼֻܽ
ܽٿ·ٿħͷÿ
ܽٿǼ·, ħٴεͷÿ
ħ޿̣Һÿ·ÿ
Ҳô˵, ÿ
һܽԼȵֳһ£ħȥд¿, ȴԡ
ֻüһ, ¿Ѿ˽Ҳֻȥк¿ˡ
µ겢ûʲôԻ·ĵط󲿷ĶףҲصڵ
ǵ, ЩС, ɢɢذ¼ܡϺģ, ħܽһͷ˽ֻﶼ޷ʩչ
΢΢̾˿ܽС̽Դ鿴˫ֻؿڣħ˿·ԥſڣ˵
꣡
ܽٸϽŤͷʾͷȵ죬ȴҲǵ˵ЩʲôȻǱһЦܽٲɵ⣺ǵģ˵ʲôôͻȻЦôġ
ħһۣ̾˿Ǹȣһϼʲôо
ֻܽҪħ룬˵ĻӲĶ䣬͵ػعͷЩڴؿħô˵
ôСĿռ޿ɱܣħֻٰܽεɤڸԼĲȻʵ˵ĶԻ˵ûҰޡ
ϣԴ£أ
˵ţ·ҰޣȻǾЦôˡ
ܽٳĬһſڣ⡭ɣ
˭֪ħȱȱЩŤرߣܲܳȥˣ̫ˣ붶򡣡
ţܽɻ̧ͷȻӦħÿεʱ򣬶ʶҲڡ
ܽٺ֪ӦǵĶ
ոһħһק˼·ά˽ĶҲħǽϵĶ
ܽٶӲػԼջ͵ۿ˿ħı飬öħߡ
ħޱ£ܽڵغ˴۾һգİ˳ȥ
ħ˿ᵽԼǰֱۣЩãȻʲô
ܽ͵һۣС˵ΪôðֶֻǱסˡ
ħ˵Ҫָʲôһܽٵı飬֪ƻСԡ¶Цݣ󣺡š
Ȼȥˣ¾ơ
ܽ٣
ħǸŽƻѧˡ
ħĿ⿴·𣿡
ŶŶܽӦһȻ·Ľڰ˽Ϊ˶ĿҲħһ·Ȼ̧֣ע⵽ԼŵģһΧ
ƺֻϰһ˴ǲ÷ҲǵǸոˣŽΧַһ߳д˭֪ôɣͱܽ˳˽
ħûܽϵΣЩɻʣҪ·𣿡
ܽ٣˰ɡ
λˡ֣ЩվſڣڽӴ˵֮ѸٳһֺõЦݣǶûˡ
ȡܽǿΣǸΧ˼ոһʱżôˡ
ҶҶ¶˺ƵЦݣЩʱ򲻷㱻˿ģģҾԲġ
ܽٳĬؿһסûʲôˡ

ҹȴո̤¸ۡĴţͿ˶ڴܽٺħӰ
ôһ˲䣬ΪԼصСʱ͵͵ܳȥ棬֮ǰؼңӾͻ·˾⸱顢ƿġ
ȵıЩŹ֣ǡصڵ𣿡
ܽٻ˵ͷζؿɣȿȲ衣
Լķһ㣬֪ڵıҪʱһģһһ
˵ţ̳ԼȥܽüͷһҲѸݵظȥվסȣѽֻúģ
ıɲô˵ģҪһЦһӣȻ໵һԼķ䡣
ħͷһش˸Ƿȷûˣſ׵˻¯ǰ˸¡
鷳¾ͽٰܽɣħ롣

ѽѽڴϴŹģҲ㣬ʲô˵㵽ʲôѽ
ܽ۾ǺȺϣӵĹϵǡЦȥȣǰѻȥ
ǸСˣܽ룬һǶµĺӣҺֵġҡϲôӣ̩̹ڣҲûʲô˵ģΪ㣬Ҫи׷·ϵİʯһ߿
ӣô˽㣬㿴ɱڵġ
Ŷû¡ܽѸٻָƽЦݣٺЦŰȥҾæϣദû
˼һ£˵ͷҴӦϣõˣ
Ѱܽζؿһۣܰæ̸һ⡣
Щ棺ʲô⣿
ܽЦе˵ȻӾ˵ϺͲҩ֮
ðϣһҲܸ˵ģΪأڴӦ۾㲻֪㣬Щһ͸ˣǶŲ򣬾͵ϣ̻أ
ܽٵ˵ͷۼ۸ȻȴҪö࣬Ҫ㹦
ϣӴôϣ϶Ϊ˻ңӦϣ罻Ȧ㣬ȫ̻ᣬ۸ϻûп٣ɾʹһˡ
ܽٵЦݸ䣺Ǿɣƻɹ˫Դ׬һء
𣡡ȸ˵òӴϱһܸ˵ģʲô
ţܽõĿ佱ЩƮƮȻ߳ȵķ䡣
¥¿ħڻ¯ǰ
̲סһ˳ϲѶħˣ
ħͷţ
ܽٳ¥ݣ̽壺һ˳ĻϣӾͻˣ֪̩̹ûϵ
ħ˵һ޴ĳչһӣŷվܽǰ˰̽İ尴ȥëëģСˤȥ
ŶܽٹԹӦһŽŵյħҲǷԪس谮ľˣҲģΣˡ
ħôغ˵ܽҲ˲ʲôԵͷʵʵشӦˣ͵͵ħı顣
ħע⵽񣬺Ȼ¶һЦݣˡ
ܽٵ֣ЦЦؿ룬Ҫ¾Ƶֻ֣
ܽ٣
ħЦ㲻شҾˣ
ҪŻһԽԽСѾͷȵķͻȻˣһˣ㡭
˵ȻֹһߵǸһ߷ɿ˻˷䣬ܽԼԼԹһ䡪Ҫ˼ǰ鰡


82 
һ΢, ˵ϣ¸ۡ͡
æǰæ󣬺һ̵̬
ܽĵĿԼϣʮֵغϣк, ϣӵ, ֮ǰỹûü˵ϻȵĽ㣬ܽ١¡
ϣӴ, һȥ, ֻЦɴãȻû˵ϻ, Ѿˣպܽٴʦ
֮ǰĹˣȻ˵Ķԣ˵ǿֻ񡣡
ܽ٣
ոλ, ̶̼ѾӦĺѷʽܹ˵ûӪ滰ˣû뵽һֱ
ǵȻʮֽضС, ϣĻ˵ӦǷǳǳˣ
Ůӵġϣֳ壬Ц, Ҫ˵Ļ, ܽٴʦӦǿŶԡ
ҡϣζؿվܽǷħλҲŷǳǿ
üͷֲ˵ˣôŮˣ
ϣһյץץͷ˵, ӦðһŮ, ˵ò𣿡
ԣһͷ, ôٰܽ˰֡
ûϵ֪ϣǿҵ˼
Զԣϣӷɿͷӻе㺦ȵӣ˿̲סúЦֹˣۡΧҲоǿ󣡡
ܽ룬ǵȻˣſڽӴĿ꣬ԼڸۡΧȫħ壬ټӶţĻ¸ۡѾվϣǵĶˣһЩĻӶԶûģ˵ʵˡ
ܽҲŽʶʵ̱ʯĻӣȣҲϾ񡣱ϾΧȺѲħޣʿⷽҪһЩʵϴع֮սֻƵϴͷе
ȡ˼ǿͽĻϳܽ΢Цſϣ⣬˵Ӿ˵˺ܶఢϣûеϺͲҩ
ǵģȤѾ˵ˣϣ൱żɽǷĵĸˣԭڷǲĲãĹ嶼Ը⡭
Ĳáܽ΢Цڴ˽ָһ漰ǵƣСѾͷԴҲˡ
Ӧ֪壬аҵң֮ǰ͸¶ҪչĻ˼ֻһᣬҲкܶ˻ԸһȣȰչĻٴӰ̻ﹺ򡣡
οڰϣǾӪô֤꣬ģէǻᵣ²ˣⶨۣҲûа취ġ
ܽϸϸ͸Ҳʾõһźţϣʹı飬е⡣
ϣŬڳһ˵üͷҲѻȥܽС㣬ʲô취𣿡
Ȼ̫ȻصԼӦþʲôɣ
Щڴؿܽ٣ܽĪһֺƭʵ˵顣
ô룬߻бŮ񡢰׳ЩһڣƽһҲûбϣӴ٣۸
Ȼеġܽ¶˸Щ΢Цݣƺе㲻˼ǰǵҪϣ֪鲻˵һСѣ
ÿʲôˡϣ⶯ҲûһڴӦڳ̬
ϣǵĶʮѰġܽŤͷһĹѩѩδѩָȥ¹ű׶ֱۿɼıӾ˵Ĳҩг¾˲ηϺҩݵĻһܻӭġ
Сӵı΢Щɣûа
ܽ¶СЦݣǿԼװУȻҲҪʱҲҪʸڷϣ˵ûֶ
ȻڶԷİٰ㰧£΢͸¶һڷ磬˵¼ңĴˣȻͬ
ϣƺûӦѾˣһָͣöԷΪϣ̫ණŻصҩݣԷҪ֪ҩϢȻҲóΪ˲У
ǻҩ𣿡
ǻŵġܽüëһʲôʱ򣿡
ȹóҪŹȥ
ɫ΢ֻҪܽٴȹӳϺȻ˻ȥģȷʵʮֱӵķǡ
¶˵ĵģ㣬Ĳᶳ𣿡
İɡܽŵͷ
ӵзԪص׽ٶյ粻һ˺ڵѩȻ¶ȻǺܵͣҲǲܣҲֻôһ·Ӿл¯ˡ
ԥһҧҧҺһҲҪȹӣǴʦһǾֻħأ
ҾͲһˣֻǸûħ츳ͨˣҲڶ촩·ǲŻõܹϺҩɣ
ܽٲò˵ĺеЩԥ÷ԪزҪ˺ȣɶ챾¶Ⱦ͹ܵˡ
ϣšüͷǸȻΪҵ£һǲϣ˺Լ飬ҡ
ħĿһֱڴ⣬ͻȻʣʦĶǸʲôģ
ܽһ£ƺûԾ˼άʵش𣺡Ϊߵһ㣬̫㣬һ㶼ǷЩƽòϵ
Ҳûʲôرôħ˵ͷֻܽһü˵Ǿ̫סǶɣǶߵĵطˣҪĸˡ
̫Ĵ͸ڶҲᱻů̫֣һЧ
ܽ۾һЦӯӯؿСӣģҿɲΪ˰æ˺ԼãοҲԴͼ
ϣе棺ҪǸĲҩ
ҪҪҩˡܽҲû׼ȷ˵񣬵ȲŻˡ
ݵҸϣ°ͣƺе㵣ģûˣھ˵ûĶ졭
һļ򣺡Ժͻˣҽ˵û⣬Ǿһû⣡㵽װﲻæ
ϣӳɵԴæҵȻæҵѣҪĻͼҲæο¶Ҳкô
Ȼ˵ҪҰæҲҪʲô
ȷʵܽٵ˵ͷһһ˶ţϣֻҪգ֪֮ܿ˽صطų
ϣӣܽó֮顣
ʣħˣǲǻûթѪҺͿȥ
ãԺ˵ħһ㶼ż
ܽЩ棺ǻᱻ֪𣿡
ǣôı¡Ǹ˵𣬱ּһϣġħȣʮƲƲ죬ֻࡣ
òǿ֢ɣһҪֵ֮ѪҺռ𣿡
Ҫ嶼һ顣
ܽٳ˳ǣҾûֵΪ뷨
ҲǲСħֹһ䣬ָָ̧֮飬Ȱ̫йɡ
ħʮƽͺƽһܽپȥԺ鶼᲻κˣȻҲѾˡ


83 
ܽٻׯص׼˱ī, ħָʾڶҳѵϵ¡
ܽһҳ˼Ӧдʲô, ħЩͷذ, һֳأһˢˢд£
Ǽħ緶ԡ
ֻơ
ܽЩӲؿ˿ԼħȦڻдֵƣԴﲻľ뵽ƽƼ鼮ơǡԵҡħİ͵ġ
, ܽپ, زȥ, ˵ЩֵֹĻӶǵ뷨ʼˣ
ܽڽӲŬתӣӦ˵ʲô, ҲԵ̫ˡ
ħ
˵һ룬̫Ѿɿϵˡ
һɢŹâĻƾճ֣ǰ¶ݡܽޱ, ν̫Ҳ̫û˰ɣȻħһ仰ͽˡ
ҲҿˣȻ治֪Ҫ˵ʲô
ά̫ͷɢŹâ, Ҷ, ̲ܽס۾ŵ룬Ҳ̫ˣ˯ʱһ˵жʹࣿ
ħ, ħϲ⡣
, ֲħһ˯, ħϷʲôϵ
ܽоԾ뷨;ٶ̫ˣħԼЩҲܶ
ܽԽͷԽ͡
ҪĸרõױŮ͡ţ̫Ļͣһ¡
ħȫҪ̧˵һ˵ȡ
̫˲ͬѰ֮شȻ¶˻Ȼı飬漴¶ˬҫ۵ЩֵЦݣˣĸױŮ͵Ļѵҵ֤ˣ
⣬⣬Ϊۣû˱Ҹλˣ
ǣܽ͵̧ͷ˵һײħ°͡
ħԼ°ͺ
ܽæҵȥû°ɣħˣأײħˣҵԴס𣿡
̫һ˵ģͷԭڵģάľͷԴ̸أû뵽Ҳ
˵ԴôײʹأԾƭ㣬Ҫõһ㸧οǸɵѾͷ
ܽȥһ٣ħ΢Щ΢
ħüͷֱ˵ԴȷʵײʹңҵҧԼͷ
Ŷͺʹ̫һҲϵرʾźΪʲô°ͣ
ħĬذƵԼϡ
̫ҲϾ᣺ˣǴʲôʱٰҪ˵ʵôʣĻϲŸ¹򡭡
¡ħ˵ȥҪ뵱δĺӵĽ̸ˣĻ
ͬΪӣΪ˱ʾףҲøһ̫Ĵ͸ܹźů⡭ţ̫¶൱飬ʲôǣ
ħĬһһܽ٣ûʲô͵ô¶ɣ˳ҲӸ͸
ܽٲغҲҷͷͷ󣬶ݵӦˡħݡ
̫û̴ӦͼּۻۣҵױŮҪ𣿷ģҲʲôֵ飬ֻǾƯ˿Ҳá
ǻᾡѰҵġܽ¶ϵЦݡ
̫ĵ˵ͷ˼ͣɱһŵķ˺öˡ
ܽ¶º͵ЦݣлĿޣôȥȹ
ŤͷħգգۣѲ̱ʯǸ³çСŮˣǰϣԺգƶҰĲܽٲڴӦףʵ˽Ӧ̫˵
ϾΪ˵ױŮȷʵңҲܹǣֻܹ̫Ҫ̫ߡ
ٰܽȴ˷䣬ֻĳλشʦû̫񡪡Ҫº
Ȳԣֻǰһʥůģл̫֮ɿ쳯¥³˳ȥ
Ȼ춼õˣǵȻҪûȥѩҡһ£
ܽĿȥεҡҡͷ̫ٴα֤һסʦˡ
ڻûгΪŮҲģҪ̫΢һȡֻҪΪŮ̿ӱ˰ѷʦĶڳڲﱾ顣
̫ʾ⣬ܽٴιһ»¸ۡڱ¯ǰĴŮһƾֵĿ֣̾һ䣬˽Ǹʴ־˳㻹һ̰С
뿪֮ǰ̫ĳܽٵļ򣺡ҾǸ࣬ʵάɻµôżǵŮ¶ץһ㣬ҵ
ܽٺǺǸЦ
ħȭͷ֮ǰ̫һƵʧˡ
Ѿһˣ˸߲ҵضܽ˵Ч㣡ھûһС̫һٶůģ
ܽٴȰؿţ֪Сȥμ硣
ʱöʵʵ񣬸һ¾Υˣ
ܽٳ־һͷħ񣬺ȻĪһ
ûüϸԺδûһͷС˵ƻûʲôɣħˣ
ħһӦһܽٷģ̲ס࿴ħһۣȻֿһۡ
ܽٵ͵ʱħ̧ͷཻħʣҸʲô
ܽѿڶħ
һڣҧԼͷͨɿ˼ʱ˵ЩʲôܹһµʱħͻȻЦ
°˵֮ǰѹ³ɣȷѵϵסʦԺ󣬾Ͱҵϰɡ
ҲòױŮͣӦҲ̫ˡ
ܽ˼ŷӦħڹԼÿϲ˵̫ĺÿ
ܽе㲻˼̲סСû顭
𣿡ħ´һ飬ȻڲˣһûɵҲûϹ
ܽؿ˿Լҵ컨壬ƮҸħ˶ӡ
ħƳһۣٴʣû𣿡
ܽٽͰ͵طʣС𣿡
ԼħµظֺǵĲϷ°ͿһΣ𣿡
ܽٴۣѾܾûôŹˣоԼĶڳ
һ̫Ĵ͸¶̫ˣܽЩ롣
ʵҲ˵ûеģħ֮£ǲ̫˵ѡ
ƽӦЩˣѻѾ˵ĺˡ
ֱħ۾ӲͷƤ˵Сһɣżʱ򡭡
ߣࡣħһȻģһŵЦ⣬̧ܽͷƺҪ˵ʲôħȥһ˭԰Ƿ͸ѵϵµģ
㲻֪ͽٹƷ
ӽԺ¸ۡĹƷֻħãܽٴشӦһ
ħıӰ
ǽ͵Ŀ̽ԴҿŶħ۸ǼҵСѾͷ
ûСħøһ
û𣿡ģħոյЦΪʲô˵أҲӦá
סħû˵ȥĿ⿴ܽʧķ
ѡң˾Ҫͼ塢丯ħܲסֻߵĵ·
㿴ðˣꡣ
괹ֻۣ̾˿


84 
, 尮үĶϣ½һװʢװ
ΪҪͽ㼷ͬһħ˽ΪѺͳһ
, ȶڵİͷͷǵû뵽үôͻᶩ, ԷƺǸ˹ҵС㣬˵ǸϲŪݵˣƽﲻ̫ϲμʲô, ں˼ģ, һʼ˵Щʱ, һΪ᲻ǳǼҵǸ˹ҵСأ
ܽٵıһ˲ЩŹ֡
ŮżҪݵʱ򣬾ͶǸ˹ҲŵŮִ壬ÿܻðҲ·ĺӡЩǷּҵĺ, Щǹүǵ˽ӡ
ȺٺһЦң֮ǰðүԽƺЩ˼ء
˼ҵĶ˵ᰤŶȡܽεЦ, ֵĶͷȲ˵Ǻ޸ݵĲ²ǲģĹ, ҪĶˡ
šҲԡεؾ˾, ҹȻǲϲ͵İ¡
Ǿĵ㿪ĵġܽٻֱۣ˼۾׼ӭӴ𾪵Ŀ𣿡
ͷ˦һͷչʾԼļ޳ֱ, װģЩذڳŮԵļ, ¶һܿҪͼЦݣȻ, һǵ°ͣ
Ҳ̫ˣǵʿɶֹһŶ̲ܽסЦ
Ǻܿ쵽Ŀĵأͣ˰Ḯۡſڣٱһߺһ߳ȥʹȰѵİϣǹ壬ҲԸȵٽС
ȳܽٵ˵ͷƿŻԾȥ
ڶഩƤƤµķм䣬¶ֱۺͼȣֱһʱյĹˣһʱ䶼¶ˡ¼ҵŮ²Ƿˡı顣
ǾͿˣλܽٲҲһ¶ŴݵϻŵЦݣƺȫô¶ȷ
ֳ͵˲ͱˡ
гסѾʼ˽Ϊʦ𣿡
ܰɣĵҵǸźĴأ
Ǿô£
˭֪ء
Ŷһ¶Ц㣬Ȼһûôϵϣϡ
ʱϣҲոյŴ۾һӭҲʮغյһ飬һһжڼƻеı飬˼ۡ
Ҳܽ⽻ģù忴Ǻϣӹϵǳ
кĹ߽СѯʣСǡ𣿡
ȺϣӶһۣղЦЦ۾һת¶Цݺ߽Ҳʲô˵飬ֻǵõһĺö
ܽעߵĶ΢΢¶Цݡ»ǰȱȽϺʣҲ˼ϣԴݻ֮󣬺ˡ
ҲԼİ취ܿĹǲԼļȥһ¼ҵ˽
ܽͽˡ
ǵȻҲϰ鱨ȫгڵõһЩʵĺô֮ź˵¼ƺǴϣõʲôö
ĵ˵ǳһĲҩ
ٽǰϣͻȻݷû¸֮ۡ
ϣӵһֳȥԺܹηϺزҩ˻¼ҡ
ϢȻڻ᳡˶¶ǰǵ⣬϶׷רĶ԰ʾףء
ڶ¥׼´ǵİҲܿõϢ
ЩüëܵϺزҩϣӳ𣿡
ܼҡҡͷȥ̽ϣӸԼӵصҩݡˬϣԼͻ¼˱⣬ǹ˴ĲҩϣʵĴˡ
ЦһƺܿͨеĹϣزҩǲĴڣӾ˵òˡ
վһλӢӣ⻰΢΢üͷǰΪ̻֣ͨڰ˵Źռһϯ֮صģƽĴˡ
˵ЩϺͲҩҲǽѣڸҪǴչʳгõĲҩƺҲҪڻһЩĿ͸ͣվڰүߵľŮ˹һֱǶ׼ܹͣһǸߣûġ
šԼװĵ˵š
һ׼սһսʳͲҩϺܴó౸һЩб޻ġûд԰̻ʵҲ׾ٵذЩأ
ս˲һ¶ĵ̾˿Ҫսռһϯ֮أӵϣǵڿĵǼഫĿɽɴӲҲ֡
ǸϼһԴŮܽ١¾ԺѾһһҪΪԷˡ֮ǰ˼ΣҪ˵ҲҪ󵽵ûҵ֮񡣡
ʲôЦ˷˸ۣұҪڵĻҪôСĽ𣿡
еǮ治ֵǮóս֮ǰǮɿɿʲС
ȡ޵ıЩȻҵ֮񰡡
˦˦ͷ׼¥ȥư̧°ͣôСһҵ֮Ǿұˣ
ǰǧô˵ˡıЩ΢ΪλЩԲŻҵġ
Ѿ¥ȥֶʽ
Ӹµɨһͣ׼شװ޵Ⱥҵһװܽ١£ĿĿϡ
ֻ࿴һԷǲ̧ͷ޲Ӱ
ⳡ֮ҩݵѸڴٹΪ˺ϣӴùϵҩݺϵ
Ϊ˱ܽٵĸлС˲ٲҩϣϧǣǵȴҽҩ֮ȴһֱû
Ǳڶ԰ϣǹӵ˶
֧Ԯŵļ죬ʿŴżλ¸صҽʦӱǰȥԮ
Ȼɢ飬ܽһͨ׵Ӵ˽ȥڵĴСҪ͹۹ֲܶ£·ǵԵ㹻ء
ħһֱע̱ʯӾʮֻĿǰһףȻ
ܽΪһжڿ֮еʱⳡߣһ˶ûϵķʽɿ촫󲿷춼꣬תۼ伸Ҫ
µǣһȺãȻ޴ӿ


85 ҽҩ֮
ɢѸ, ҪԭĴӴܵ
տʼ߱ʱߣҽ޲, ҴȾԼǿ, ˸Ⱦߡ
һ˲ĸȾǲԸֻܷ׷, һ·ߴ
еҽʦԴ޲, Ǿ, £žǸⳡΪ˯֢
˲Ҳǻֻ޸ɾ֢״ֻһڴϡ
ƺ̫صë, ⲡĶûþͻɶʬ塣
ûҽεİ취, ץҪȥͷȾĻֻշתڸ֮䣬֪ﴫҥԣ˵Ĵǰ˲ҽʦ, ֪ʲôʱͻԶ·ߵͽ, ΪץסǴеһƺƵسˡ
ոɳȥʿźҽʦֱ˻˵ӵٻʱû֮ܳǰ˵ĿĴƺЦ
һʼܽٴ߾ߵϢʱ, 󲿷ֹ廹, ˿˶ɫ, ϣͬóһɿķ
Ȼ˶سĬš
̾Ϣſڣҽʦҵ취֮ǰʱرڳĴš
ͷ𶯣Сʣˡ
ǲҪŴƣı۾߾ĵ˴ûиľӿػˣЩ񡭡סġ
ܽ죬ʲôû˵
Ź߳һʱͷЩأڼħʱƺ΢һЩ
̾˿ƺľˣˣǵ֡
ħȻһھģģħ岻ȾЩ
ô룿
ָԭ򣬱Ͼڵõ취֮ǰѻߺͽ˷ָȫƾЩסڳҲǸ׵ľϡܽٴۣЩˡ
Щ̫ģҲû̫õİ취Ŭ˼ܲܰʲôæ
°ͿһΪῼǾǣҡ
ôġܽüģԼ뷨ҵȷʵеİ취ǣһǻѪǰﲻô˵ģҵ侲
ħһ˿Ц⣺û뵽̶ô£ѾһֻҰѾͷŮ緶Ĵˡ
ʲôʱ㻹ȡЦҡֹܽ䣬һҽҩ֮񵽵ײĸģɶ񰡣
ʻ¸ۡǰŭһ߷ԵһСʯӡ
ħ°ЦոջŮ緶ֱҰѾͷˣ
ܽӣתȹŵװǻƵ˵Ŷװħˣʧ񡭡
û˵̲꣬סһЦ
ħһֿɵӵ
ܽüҲ벻ð취ɲܰѻҲˣ֪Ƚ찲ŵʲô߰ɣħˡ
ոţߵӭһС˹ҵλС˺ܾˣһλСк
ţܽЩ⡣
ŮˣŸСкټ֮ǰֻ
ǲǸ˹ҵͷˣ׵˸µľħʮֲεز²⡣
ħˣ˵Ļᱻ˴Ŷܽҡҡͷ۴֡
߹֮󣬾Ͳ˽ħ˦˳ʮŵضһ£򲻹ҡ
ֻܽ洺Ů̾
һۿռ˱¯λõĴŮ߹ȻŸƯк
СģɿɰͷҲֻһʵʵСڴŮߣűȲ裬ϥϻһС
ȶм֮һЦţеʣ𣿳ôĹ𣿲Ҫ𣿻Ŷ
СкɫŹֵؿһۣ΢΢ҡҡͷ
̾˿ƺеίҲôͽһ㡯òã
һֱиܻܵãҲܲǸõĵܵܡ
Скɫ֣죬Ůְ̧Դȥ
Ǹư͡Ůƽ˵
СкıһЩŤͷȻʲôû˵
ħǿһ΢΢¶Ц⣺ˣڴѾõҽҩ֮񡣡
ܽһ𾪣ħѾǶ˹ȥ
ҵ׵櫡
Ů˵ͷҲӹԼҵġ
ۿҪ̸£ʮԾվȥȥ׼Ȳ͵ģ
ܽٴڴѾõҽҩ֮һͷɫͷԲСԼһ˫޺ĺ۾
һֻСӣܽҲɵ÷˱顣
ǰúС˵ΪǸҩ𣿡
ҽҩ֮ŹֵؿһۣǴͯȻǣɵӶ֪ƭ˵ġ
ϣǸոձߣдԳôҸȤϡҩݣô붼ɣ
ܽٳĬŤͷħ۾дš˵ҲǸأ
ħװûпӸµسҽҩ̧̧֮°ͣޣô£ϴμʱôҲǸˣǱ˭һӴС𣿡
ҽҩ֮¶˺ƵЦݣҲսԣҶо⸱ģ׼ͬĵġ
ڼòѡ񣬵ֵģΪ֮ǰҴŲ¶棬Ա⸱СƨģǰʾŮһ㲻ӵĵذҽҩ֮ϵ׶˳ޱز䣬룬ӦûĸڴҲʾ󲿷ǳľȥġ
ոʵаͨСѵܽ٣ȻһԼм˵Ļںޡ
Ȼħֶ̧СԴһǵʱǲվħˣӻ᳤ߵġ
ħɫмֹŹ֣Ǽĺˣ
ܽٿյץץԴ֪֪ʱǻᱻƭ
ҽҩ֮¶ЦݣҾ˵ðɣ
ħָ̧һǣԴ΢΢ԲĶͷ΢΢죬ò
ħӸµض𣿡
ܽüͷħ
ħŤͷֻн죬ҿһҵĽǡ
ܽٵĿϸβϣħžܾβͲУ
ܽ¶źı飬ʶذͷŤһߣСֹˣһͷҲʲôӰİɡ
ħسҽҩ֮°ͣŽá
Ϊ㲻ˣ
ҽҩ֮˳ǣһãѾҩ
СҪһڷҲøɻħڳ൱Ͽħ̬ЩܿҪˣֵʱˣϣС첲СȲ谭ɻ
ҽҩ֮ƲƲ죬ûг顣
ܽ˼Ȼʱûа취ľǲǿԳûӹЩط
ĹǲϲЩͼλļһģڻǿȡһµġ
ҽҩ֮ͬص˵ͷ˭ǻȥǾͻӵ˭ԸβǺܿͻǷġ


86 
ҽҩ֮Ļ˸䡣
ħһ
ҽҩ֮ӣҲ˵ˡ
ħ˵
Ŷҽҩ֮˵ͷ, Ǽֱ֮ʣҪ˵Ұæ, ҪԿ, Ҳһ㶼ǵΪ
ҺרſǸһģҲȫûдۣҪȳô, ÿһ춼ҪķѾĲҩ, ܹ֧Ŷã
ֳ˾þõĳĬ, ܽҲššüͷϣ͵ЩֻǱˮнҪоΣ»úͰ̻һʽס
ŮɫҲֹֹۣ˵ƫƫǶ, Ļܴҩݡ
֮ȴȥɡҽҩ֮ԾдһֲĳȣҾֱӺͼ֮ġ
˺Ƥ, ɱԿɲˡ·Ͽ˯֢ȾԼǿȴ󲿷ĶǱ岻ãǼû㹻ƶ, ˵䲻, ʹûȾܻܲҲ˵
ִȾԼȴֶΣ֮ƺףЩĳ롣
ħ۾
ܽЩ֮ǰǸʲôǻʲôҪĶ𣿡
˭֪ЩһﶼЩʲôħüͷ
ҽҩ֮ŲŲƨ, ҿ, 󿪿ڣҿ˵ڰϣòͶ, һŬģҰŸסİɣ
ҽҩ֮գգʪԲ۾
ȻʯĳħΪ˻֣ȥ׼ӭĲˡ
ҽҩ֮ʪ۾ܽ٣ħһ˸ʵʵӸµؿ
ҽҩ֮˱죺ɣҲȾߡҪĶɵ׼ą̃ҩߡƿƿ޹ޡ
ħһͷʲôãࡣ
ħܽ٣ܽһãȻָָԼҰ
Ȼˣڳ𣿡ħƺЩЦ
ô˵ܽƺΪһ˿Ծ
߰ɣﳳҡ
Ȼܽ̽ħת¥ȥ
ܽͷƺЩеıӰ˼
𣿱ģһǵģûᶯֽšŮΪԼԪϼԱ˵³Ա˵񣬸ο˻ģʮֻر˶СܽٵĹػ˿ǵõһƷĲ
ȵһ£һҪõ㶫ܽͻȻȹȥ
ոպȻһԤСħƺҪ͵͵ж
ܽһ·¥Լķ䣬̽ͷ̽Եħˡ
û˻ش
ۣܽûоʹ뿪ԼĴ̣һƿͷ
֮龲ƺûб˶
Ѿˣħˡܽƽע֮鶥©һɫë˴ëͼ鱾ħˣȻ㱳͵͵ʲô
ɫëѣħЩܻػԭΣɵط죺ʲô͵͵ĸʲôⱾ鱾ҴģԼôˣ
˵еܽص˵ͷѾǸľˣѾᱻħķŭԻˣȥһµش¶˺ɵɫΪʲôһӣĵرë
ˣħ˶
ܽٶĳ򿴣㲻Ǵ͵͵ϵ֮ɣҲûʲôҪҵİɡ
ûʲôġħŬĿһֱ׳ӣ°ͣΪûбҪҸû
ԡܽ΢΢ҡͷ֮ϵ֮ûʲôģԲ¡
̧ͷֱħ۾òԼȥ֮ɣΪңһᳳ֣ԾʹҴߣԼȥ
ħĬ
𣿡ܽЦһ˿ħˣҲǸǳöļһأ
⻹̱ʯʱħ˵Ļҵ仰ؾȥˣ
ħ֪ûܽٵССЩŭôֻҪ㻹Ǹ࣬Ȼ뼲֮ԽԶԽãҲģҡ
ף
ƺ˵ЩʲôܽѾһڴӦ
ħ˲俨˿ǣƺû뵽ܽô׾ʹӦˣһʱԼոջҪ˵Щʲô
ôҾ͸ŴŮҽҩ֮һȥ׼ˣܽٳȥͷħ˼۾ҲҪظȥħˡ
ֻҪҿǸƭľԼһԹģֻҪԭ͸
ұֵûԸһġ
ħĬؿ߳䣬Ųس¥ȥ
վܽٵķָʶĦһ֮ķ棬ЩڵشۣȻЦһ
鷳С
š
ľ
һ߱Թһ߷֮顪ʮҳ֮񣬺ڶ˹

ܽ¥һĴŮ̧ͷʣȥʲô
ҽҩ֮ε̾˿ֻǸڣֲʱ˵׷׻鷳ģѵҪ׿ڸ˵ȥ˽𣿡
ܽپλҽҩ֮ԼЩᣬŮ񲶻Ŀ⣬ʮػش𣺡Ϊѵϵ»ص磬ԼΪ֤ˣһ㡣
Ҷ֪ᱻ̫޵Ķˣ˴󲿷ΪǿòȻħ
ܽ٣
ܽپᣬħòϸһ룬ħôΪʲôأ
Ȼ˵ħǸˣҲףԼȷʵġ
Ϊʲôأ
ҽҩ֮ڿ飺ѵϵǸĻҿɲȫŵģ㿴ոάı֣ѵ𣿡
ʲôܽʶ˳
ҽҩ֮һԥؿҪ˵ôĻǵ˵ֻǸӰ
ι׵櫣ɡ
ŮһԵؿʲôʲô
ҽҩ֮񣺡
ֻܶһ˵ħĳ谮
ֻܽԺ¡һһ磬֮һĶصİĽΣܽʶѣǵģֻħᡭ
ҽҩ֮бۿҵóϻڶôᡯ𣿡
ѡᡱҧøأ޲ôܽٵԴӡ
ܽپûеģڲܳϣĿ򱿵ŮЩؿڣ񡢸׵Ҳᰡ
Ů˿û飬ʮֱͦš
ҽҩ֮ۿһˣһ

һͬȥŸոӦûڷжϸ
û뵽ƽЩĥĥ䣬ȴó𾪵ٶȡѾѸٵظһȥҲزˡ
ȲѣŮܽվ˳ǽˣӸµؿҽҩ֮Լȥð칤䣬ʱʱǽ˷Թߡ
Һûħ壬Ϊṩ˰
ܽվڳǽͷľǣӦҲ֪ͷߵϢЩ㷲վôߵĵطµǶֻССϡ


87 
͵Ķ, ܽٴһȹװվڳǽϣפصʿҲ̲ס࿴ۣĳľء
ΪǸǿķʦ, ηϺ, һ˿ֱһˡ
ܽٻ֪ЩʿЩʲôվڸ¥¶Щɫܾú͸ĸһ, ǰ
Ů񸽺ŵͷҲñСв, ƺҲǰ
̲ܽסЦ, Ȼѯʣ׵櫣սʲôأ
Ů˼һ⣬Ǻó£ЩɰͰ͵˵кܶӢ, ҲȺƽǿܶ࣬Ҳ
Ӣһĳһһȥ, ˵ͬݽ棬еӢʷʫѪɡ
Ầ𣿡Ůܽ٣ֻʱȽϴȱ, ֻǸ, ʱǺ»Ǿ
ܽ΢΢ҡͷȻҲ˵ȫ£кúܶࡣ
ҲΪ֪ԽԽˡħ塭ĳġ
ܾüʹҪ, ǰһҲڴﳳֵشơ
ŮҲЦ
ܽ˸, ¶ЩЦݣʹҪ, Ҳһ˵ΣϾֻǸ
šŮͬصͷ
ҡܽٻعͷ΢ЦħӦһнͻһؼҡ
֪ǸسŵļһʹԨҲԼ
Ůɫ΢̧ۿܽ󣺡ƺĺ
ܽٻعͷһؼħˡ
šħߵߣվڳǽ¿ͼ֮˽̺ҵľúû㱨Ȼǻģ԰ɣ
ЩٵسܽգգۣܽԺһơħİ֤ˡ谮֮ĵʣ͵رۣЩȥ
ܽ٣ħֽһ
ܹܽݵػػǫصͷⶼƽҵĸ
ˣӦĽǣûɣ
ħһȻذͷŤһߣ˵¡
֮ȷʵףǰթ񽻳⣬Ҳ˼ǺҹŮ˼
ŮһĪթǱ˯𣿹ʲô£
ħʼ磺Ҳôġ
ܽٽ𣿡
ˡħ΢΢ҡͷ˵ȻթǾ͵øҵȻȡֹͣ
թصҹŮĻ֮ǰⳡ߶Ҫҽҩ֮ҵҩҲܹٴµĲ֢
ŮɫܲÿǼҵķôΨһֵҵǣⳡߵʲߡ
ֻǸտʼܽϵЦʧܶ˱ͺѻ죬ⳡ߸ѩϼ˪
߾ľڴʱĴ˿ڼԱ൱ġҲ֪ΪΣսУǸ൱µĵˡ
ħۣȻҲӦȥģǰͺҹսҲӦðԶ
ܽ˵װͰ͵ĻҲ֪ɱôصļһ
ħüͷƺе㲻ҡ
֮ܽǰѸת˻⣺թ֮ȥĶأҹŮҲʧȥ˯𣿡
ǵġħ°ͣĿڳһƬǣ֮˯թ񣬻úҹ㵽ͷϡ
ܽ°Ʋ⣺ץסλӦõ൱ټıԸܹСķΧ𣿡
ģܹҵġֻҪšħָ
ܽҲŵͷϾ֮ѪҺϵģֻϣܹϵ㡣
ͷĻܻᶮµġʹ˽ķħıҲǺ죬һ뵽ǻȥǸһܾòǺܸˡ
Ůšüͷصǣѵ֪֮Ĵڣ
ҲɹħҡҡͷһֱΪթңҰ˯һˡ֮¶ǣҲֻǰæӦò֪Ȿ顣
Ҳ˵Ŀǰֻ֪֮и׵櫡ܽĴŮļ򣬡ԪϳԱеĴ
׵Ҳʮָ˵ص˵ͷƺǳҫģ˭Ҷǵģ

ǻصҵʱ򣬷ɯſڡ
ܽٲŸһ¶棬ɯ׾Ϳ첽ӭЩŵ´һ飬𱸵ʣ˵ȥˣ
ѾõĲˣֻǺ˻Щ֢˵һ˿ɳơΪĻøˣ׳ӶԴ˱ʾԵ˵һ㣬Ͼǰ˵ҲǸ⡣
ܽ΢΢˵ͷûü˵ʲôɯ׾һشǲǷˣ㲻֪涼𣿡
֪ҪǣҲԼȥôΣյĵط
ܽٴ˰룬ĿͶħħüë²ؼذĿŲһߣЩֻҾǸñѵѵ
ܽٶɯ׵ߣȲֻʵʵصͷԲ´βȥôΣյĵطˡ
ɯ˿һά˰ȫ罻롣
ſ̽ͷ̽ԣҾ˵ſҪҪ˵ɯСովſڵ˺һˣôϽҪ
ܽЩжһɯףȥɡ
ûϵǻϵ츳Ҳûô䡣ɯ΢΢ҡͷֻȷһ䣬չȺ𣿡
ĵڻվͳһսߣֻܽ΢΢ԥ͵ͷ
Ҳµˡɯ¶οЦݣĿžηᣬһֱǸְµļһҾ֪һֵġ
Ҳûôܽٳ˳ǣɯ׵ĿЩΡ
ôηҸеˣͼġ
벻Ҫǫˡɯס֣˵ǰͲ²һ˽İ취ϾȻȴ³çҵβķ𣿡
ܽʵش𣺡ûҵһλβҽʦѾ׼ԼĹˣһͰҩǡ
ɯ׽ʣԶʮֿ£׼Ĳҩôˣ
˵ʵҸûʲôҩĴֻܴҩˡܽЩΣʣµĻῼίУӶǰæѰҡ
ҲĿǰ뵽õķ
ôӦþܰæˡɯ¶ĵЦݣѾȥѰҰˣ˵Ҷڻ˲ҩݡܴﹺһͦȥģ


88 ج
ĵȷʵȥҰ, õĽлҪãҲûʲôࡣ
ѾӦѲֿڻҩ¼ңۿ, ˵ǮĻʱҲԡǾŻ, ĵһ˲ͼ
ڿĵȷûκθ֮ĳ¶ʮֲʹı顣
̲סԹҲŲʲôȱķĵŮ, ˵ˡ
Ǹĳˡ
˿ڴ, ŤͷһƬڳ, ˵ҿɴ⡣
ĵ˿ԼϵǷԼ飬ЩΪѵҪҪʱ򸽺һ¡
ƺΪѣЦһܵ˻, ܴ׬Ǯ
ĵЦһףףǸˡ
¶Цݡ

ͱɯ, ɫѾ
Ѿ˯ʱ䣬ǻһûܽĿѯؿħ
ħյߣΪѵ°֪ͣ, ȥ㷿䡣
ص˷, ħȴûм˵թ£˼֮⣬һ˳ԨĴţеħ˻ӿʱһİҲ˻ɡ
һֱǸļһ, òѡ, һ׹ܽˡԷһ, Ԩˡ
̲ܽסüͷô鷳ʱǻҪթϵһ׼塭
ħ֮ݸҲûʲôνǲҽҩ֮ڣܹסֻһҩȵ׹֮ٶҲԣʱ˵֮ûǵ鷳ˡ
ܽٵְ֮ƤϣЩԥôô£Ͷ˾ˡ
Ϊҹ㡣ħ¶ЦЦı飬Ҳħĳ谮֮һ
ܽڸá谮ʣŶ䷭֮飬ڶʮҳթҿˡ
ħҲΪʲôһ̧ǸթѪĻƿֳˡѪҺѾħҲȥ˴룬Ҳûʣ¶ˡ
ܽٱڼּҵ£ֻһСΣѪҺѸҳûʧ
ܽ˿֣֤֮թ񻹻š֮ѪҺ飬ܽ輸ܱ֤Է
ܽʣûüдʲôƮ˶϶ķ䡢ޱСޡ
ܽһ£׷ʣôˣι
ȻթûлشǸܽٵĻһ㣬ֻ϶ظ֡
ħ۾ǻ˯ս֮񡣡
ͬʱڶԷ￴⼸һô͵һ

ǰǻߵĶУŦһƥϣٴλͷһۡ
һǾҪеĿĵءˣ˵Ѿ񣬴ʳʿݼȥˣķߣȫǽԷ桢ͷά֣˵Ѿ᧿Σ
ԭǻܼĵطǻ˵ǾѵĻᣬŷǻ
ǻľһǲģ֪ΪʲôЩ
ҡŦٴοһǻһ·kûô¶棬һֱЩ֪ôˡ
оҲ̫ˡ
ǣҪʲôŲͺˣ
ǰŦʥӿɶǸһģⲻ֪ðʥӣƾʲôô
꣡ɱ˵ˣû֮ǰǸ˵Ŧʥӵļһʲô³𣿡
ŦεҡҡͷŤͷǣ˵
ǻ̵һнλ˴ڣҲڱ˵ֻ
ǣ̻ش𣬶ͷٶ໰
Ŧһ˲ЩжЩΣԼŷŷ治֪Ǻ»ǻˡ
ҹ;ûǻֻܾ͵פ
뿪ϣǵԺŦѾܾûǸŹֵجˡ
Ҳ֪Լò÷ġ
װŲ£;ۻܿͽ硣
İڣۼʯͷͿŴеıڻ
ǸϤεĿˡ
֪ΪΣŦȻ˿룬һܼˡ
̧ȥȺͻʯң߽н˺üε롣
ͬѪζ֮ǰ֮ǰøЩǻĿ۶ڲסˣĿӣҲܿ˵
𽥽ӽĽŲŦɵЩţز
ȻôеȻ죬תڼ˵ǻ
߽ˣȻǻ
ǻ
־һ˲ѹ͵ֱ壬ŷԼûʯ֮Уоʱδؿ֮⡣
ҹĽڸϽӭôˣŦ£
ûʲôŦ˲ͷ麹ҡҡͷһ䣬ûʲô쳣ɣ
ҹ˾ȻûʮƶŻش𣺡Ӧûаɣ
ӦãŦɫŹֵؿ
ҹ˳ŬŬ죬ѹ˵ոλҲˣûʲô쳣ǰվ˺һ
ֳû쳣Ȼʲôûܾúе쳣ˡ
Ŧüͷ͵һ͵ǻ񣬲ɵûߵλѵ
˱ۣҹͻᵽ˰ɣûǻ𣿡
УҲϸԪˡҹڻشһ䡣
Ŧ΢΢ͷҹһ䣺Ҳûʲôֻ˸جΣþʥӴˡ
ҹӦˣŦر𽻴Ҳûʲô˻صȥλʥӴˡ
صŦ򳹵û˯⣬ڴϣ˼Ÿôξ
ּεķչξô붼ͬѰܼ򵥵ɺˡ
һ·ƽ˾Ψڼʱ˶ѵں죿
˼˰ΣԼſռ棬ȻµһӣһöͶصָصָͭһֱ۾
ǻȫ֪֮ۡ
Сĵذָ׵ԼָϣڹϺ֮ǰͻȻʲôħǸëҲ;һ
һУڴ£۾ǿԼϢ
ʱʥķڣɫƳڴϵŮʲôޱ
˯¶Цôֻ˸جζѡƽһصļһͻ˸뿴ҵӡ
ˡķšüͷҪˣǿɵÿ㡣
ޱ˼˵˭ȥ¼׹أ
ķЦһ˭Ҫȡϣǵλ˭͵ȥԩͷ˭ðϣء
磬ܴܲӻסǿ鸻ĵİϣǣ˵ˡ
ķһ˿׺ݡ
ۣݰޱŵظ̾һ䣬硢硣


89 ǻ
ڶ, ǻһ˵˺졣
ûˣҲûʲôˣֻܲ, ſһ˵ԭۡš
صľҲǰ, жηϣ
ǻ̵ĽںܿѳǽϣҲûһѵƽ滻ǲú˾ߡ
ŦҲŲ̽Ľ, л˵, ˸Զ˵Ľ䡣
Щ, ʳָϵĽָתȫ֪֮۵ıǳϣϵذԼĶͷϣâӿָȡʱ, ͷѾһ̽ǳɫ۾ţ֮Уڸǻ
ŦƤһ, һ·Ĳ²ȥˣһԥӻгſռᡣ
, ʧԭء
һ̤ڲǻ, ŦֻҴɨһۣٴȷĳһģһ
ûͣŲҴҳɿǰ, ÿζǽһߵײ, һЩ, Ҳһλǻ񡱵֮ǰȽλô˵
谵ȺʯǰһŦٴνǸγجеͱĵ֪ͷ·Ѿȥ
񲻻ȥ
ŦǿѹеĲǰҪҿסǻ˫۵ĺڲ
ҵ
ξв̫һĽŲ֮ǰ˶෢˵
Ŧһعͷ
ʱ˿̣ԼܹգƺϣվԼˣᶥһźǻһ
ȻԸΥŤͷԼס
㾿˭
ԼɬӺＷ仰
ҵԼͺˣôܵ㣬Ҳô¡ĵ̾˿¶һǻ¶аЦݣǻľ߰ɣôҲ벻˭𣿡
в²⡣
ܹǻıضҲұǻģġֻλóڱ仯ģթ
˵ڣթܽԵʱǻһֱûв롣թƻʧ֮󱻷ˣʱǻҲԵҲЩҪ뿪
һжˡ
ŦһƬ䣬ֻΰϢݳȥ΢΢ͷԼ󣬱ǻ
û˼թ̾˿ּһȲģֺܴϲɱּһˡ
Ŧ͵תǻǰĺڲķˣ
թЦһո̧֣һԵϮһ˲䣬һìᴩࡣ
ѵŤͷӺȳѪˮŵҧޱ㣡
˯Цһû뵽ɣ硣

ǰһȴֲؿڵĳìôҲβ˿ҲûһҪϵĺۼ
ŷӰﻹվһĸߴӣӰ߳סǱìЩõüͷΪһķҪһҲ̫ˡ
ս֮ޣôթı龪ɲ
ս֮Цһֻʤ߲ܴõҪ鱨ˣֻսܵĴۡ
һթͷ­ߵǻǰӶìײ죬Ȼǳìûˡ
Ǹɣֲס񰡡ޱս֮̽ͷ̽ԣƫİÿζǸʰ̯ӣˡ
ޱթƺԤϵ˽ᷢʲôֵŭ˻𣬡Ҳ֪ĸƫң֪ʲô 
Ӧûɡޱǰ£סڵͬǺҹŮãû˺ֻһգͬһǻϳ
թս֮סѲˣ¶־壺Ȼ֪
вɱ㡣ޱȻһҲɱҵġҡ
һֱҵ𣬸硣ʵĵطǷתתôû㾪°ͣ
ǻ˫ۣոմĳѣ¼ǣɨһȦĿթϡ
¶Ц۵ȴЦ⣺֮ǰ͸˵ҿˣֲǸѡ㿴ھҪˡ
㾿ôթûü˵꣬ޱ͹ᴩѪ⣬֮ǰ
ʶӡ֮ǰԼԼǻЦ˵ôֱӸء
㹻ĻҲһ
ܿ죬թͳʧȥʶ֮ٴλָ˰
Ŧͷһ亹Ŷ̶̼֮䣬˺ѾλáȻѾվλ֮䣬Ҳû
Ϊʲôս֮С֮ս˯ΪʲôǻթǴʲôʱʼǻģ
Ժͷӣûԣ顣
徲ˡޱ˸Ѿ̺ܾܰ鷳ļһˡ
ƺм򵥺ܶࡣս֮ķһۣҪӦĴۡ
ǻͷȻǳȥɡ
Ŀ䵽ŦϣŦסȭͷͷǻ¡
ǻƺ֪ЩʲôϢĳĬ֮ŤͷҲһɡ
ŦӲͷƤ׹λ󣬸һ󷨣뿪еǻ
ǻЩ̧ۣôԼҾͽˡ
ս֮ˬʵЦãҲˣϰϣǵλҪҵĿɲֹЩ
ȻҲϣǣϾƽ׵õĳǳأҸϲԼֵõġ
ҵȻǻɫƽƺԴвĻ޶ԡ
ս֮ǰһʧԭء
û˰ɣޱ˸Ƿȥ֪ͨǻͽһΪܿϧȫս֮ӵ֮£ֻʥķСŦŻȥˡ
Ŧɫ𶯣ǻ£Ҫ
ǻͷѡߣҲѡ
վͬһϣŦǸ߾ĮȻĸ߸ϡ
֪ʲôζѵشͷҡҲܶǡ
ǻ̵ЩڿˣǻѾǳؽսٰ֮˴ߡ
ȥɡʼգǻɫûʲô仯ƺʲôѡ񣬶̫Ծ
Ŧĳȥûٶ˵ʲôĬת뿪
İģ֪޲ޱЦЦؿǻ񣬡ǻŬ𣿡
ûڣȲҡǻתŲ
ңԼ˶涼ûֵľҲûбҪˡ
ţ⵹ҲǡޱҲϾľ˵ĻҲܵӰİɣ
νǻҲ̧ڵ״̬㲻ϺãҲġ
Ͼ㱾ޱЦеģƺԼ˵Ļж֡
ʥķߡǻЦһթô÷ҲܹҵԴ˵ҵ裬ȴҿ˳µصõλҿúúлл
һһΪҿǶħ֡
ĿǿޱЦˣи鷳ļһء


90 
ҹ, еħ͵۾
һܽٷķȻԥŤͷʧ˺ҹ
ĵطһ仹㻪ĽֻЩյ, ѾϴһˡһȺСܲͷһ, һһë֣ͷ׷ųɵİԲΡ
ˣ
Ŧûƭǣ
, , 
Сܲͷؽ, ħֻһͷʾǰŷĿ֮Ÿˡ
ǵҲ񣬸ͨ, лһЩǻ̵Ľʿ
ǻĽϳܽٲߵӶ
ôͻȻ
˵ô£
ۿֳɧԽԽħ̾˿̧ǿ紵, Ϊ˲һ磬һӰ
ħصͷһЩˣѯʣëô, Ŧ, ķأ
̾Ҫشֱ¡
ħЩûнܽ٣ԭ룬ŦԸ, ëôǧһΣʱ, ܽٵĹ򶼹ˡ
ʱ˿, ޱȻǸ˵ʲô˶˵仰СѾͷˡ
㡣ħͷָ̧̧ۣһŽʿˣ˵
𣡡Է̰ڳһܳӣˣǻȫûս׼ʱҹ͵Ϯ˺죡
Ŧ³ȥ̸ˣһֱڶûл
СܲͷһŻشǸ˵һǧûлǵȼëͻʱǵģ
ȻˣȾɣ
ֳĽ۾Щʪ󣺡Ŧ¡
𣿡˲Сѯʡ
ħ͸Ĵ⿴һۣս֮ĵһӰ
ǼŦġ

һǧ֮ǰ
ս̤֮˺ĳǽǽͷڱûü죬ͱѵصĹһ䴩Դ
ľսһǰ̤еķʦսصעĶڻûüħ֮ǰkͻûسߣšĲӡ
ûܹŤתսֵķʦ̻ĽҲǱƽһЩ
˸ֲĽں;ǲֻʶӣŦֻһ˽ׯ԰
ţֳֻѵľӣͰׯ԰Χ
Ŧ֪ԥȥǻҪŻׯ԰ˣʱ˶
ͷһۣǽڻãȻƽ˶ϣͬڽ̻ʱһ
ֻǿвԼ¶ı飬Ťͷһ˿ǵš
ԼﻹһʱվᣬֻҪ붪Щˣһ˻ܵõġ
ողűԼҲŵȼëħͻԸΪսΪУվĴһζԼΪеʹࡣ
ܺģͲñЩ
㹻ǿҲúԼ
ƫƫǸͰˮǸεİӡ
һӦ۾ƽһݵ˵ţҳȥԿ
һ˿ϣս֮ǻѣҲԼߵݣи㡣
ǷǳأֻҪǻųȥͺá
һкӲؿ
˶ٽŲħǸëݹȥ
ʲôʡ
ɱﵡŦӶЦЦһ̸ʧˣǾ͵ȼëͻǵġ
̻һʱ䶼˿ʶΪܹٻǻĶ
ֻŦԼĿЦһ֪ǻ񲻻ġ
߳ׯ԰ս֮µǧĿء
ս֮µؿҺ㣬ôķû𣿡
ϣҴЩƽ뿪죬ǻṰá
˵˻ѣ濴ûκ쳣ֻп۵µֽճȭͷ
ս֮¶źı飬Ŧûüɿ˵ķҽ׵ʱ˵ˣԸҼ
ЦЦؿŦŦһkûϹ
ǰһǣɱƽĻҲǲģ
ҶЩûȤս֮źҡҡͷֻҪսϯƬ½ս
֮´˵ҲǳɾӢ۴˵һ֡
ŦĬؿŵkȻʵս֮ǻթ񣬵kǱ϶һġkǲںģ߸϶
ʵҶɱСķҲûʲôȤս֮Ц۰ĲȣҵʿܸˣԶеĵûкúʹѪ
Ŷ
ɱǣ

ӵͬħĺд˷ŦöǵĲ࣬ʱ׼ѪҰޡ
ľѾʧȥǡŦͷһֱս֮۾
ֻҪõĵɲҪô¡ս֮źҡͷ̫ͻ뷴ǾͲһˣֻҪǾ⣬ɱˣŮˣǾͻĸԸΪҵĵС
£ǸλǻĴһɣ롭

ս֮ЦҡͷǶԸŮ׵Ǹˡ
һһ˸һ
ս֮Ҳ⣺ȫʬûûصģ׾ͻȱ첲ȵġ
Ǿ͵
ţkĿ䵽Ŧϣú˼ЦЦ㲻Ҹоõ㻳һžᡣȻһӹ׷٣ҾӦöһĵģûȤ׷㡣
ŦɫЩѿ
Ŷǵķ𣿡ս֮źҡҡͷǷ˵㣬۶ôķˣҲǻΪһʱ嶯´¡
һͷϺˣս֮񣺡Ҳһʱ嶯
ţѾʧȥȤս֮ͷŤ˻
ӸǻһԴѾڲϳĽˣһ֡
ˣġ
ս֮һ΢΢ҡͷջظոյĻ
治ô
޴ѹȴ򦴫ʹϢһƬհף˫۹Юˮĵͷա
ŷô޴ȱġħӽԺЩ¿Ǹ˭ء
ĺӻڲ̧ͷǲʲô
ˣ
١ٶš
ѽˣɣ
ְ˽ŵͳʯϸСĻëȼ̣Ȼ˻⡣
һ˲䣬ɫ

Ļѻζľһһ߻ζѣǧ
ڲӽׯ԰ǷϸĿ޺ѹ£жҡ
ħ͸Ŧڷе壬ڸǱ˰㴹ۣ鷳ˣܽٻĵġ
𣬼һƬʧľħչХķͼֵʿ˸
ս֮սĳìĿƿŴſ߳ӰˬʵشЦǺþòˣά
δ䣬̲Ӷì˹


91 λ
Сİħֿȭ, ˶Ϊ
Ȼз綼˷ķгս֮׵Ŀ϶иȥƵòط
ֻһ, ս֮۾֪ǲҵĴ, άƺǰǿˡԨȾͱŰǿ𣿡
ħûĻ, ֽ̧Ŧʬ, ÷ͽ˴
˾Ϳ޺
ʿǴ, ս֮ȴȻ̧ͷ˿ϡ
ׯ԰ˣ֪ʱݶѾվθħ壬Ŀɭضŵµʿʱ׼ո
ս֮üͷһҲǺܺá
ⲻϲ, ʵս۶û˼ħ΢΢ȶЦս֮񹴹ָ, Ҵһɣҿܻܲ뿪ޡ
ս֮˦ìҪսδػȫʤЩˡµܻȥأ
ħɫжս֮Ļ, Ҳ޺˰ɣ
ս֮ȴһۿ, ҡҡͷ᲻õģֻš
ȵǶ׿һеʱ浶ǹĴһɡά, Ҹ, Դ뿪
㻹ｻеơħҲûи, ۾ҸҲûʲôҲֵأԼİͼȻͶһߡ
γЩżûüҵľ˵һ֪˿϶ġ
ս֮ššüͷû«ʲôҩ
ħ˵Ϊ˺ҵøȥ
ս֮Цһ죿
ӦòϲֶħĿ䵽ϵĳìϣϲó|ǹìǹʵҲ԰ɣ
ɣս֮ì
ս֮񣺡
Ƭ̹ħһս֮ìһ߿ħ廤ƽͽ뿪졣
ս֮ߵʿõѯʣˣì
⣬Ҳʲô˲õĶս֮ħıӰҺڴֻ죬ҡÿȥˣ򣬿˶ˡ

ҹͻȻп˵ã˯еĹѣ̴ӵĻԺ󣬲˼۾ͳ˳ȥ
һ߿첽ȥһ߽طʣλʥķһûӳ
߻˸Ů̴ӿŹɫҲҶ˵Ҳûʣ͸Ͻʾˣʰɡ
Уķ䣡⵽ǡ
ɫ԰׵ùֵķһڹеվȴû
𡣡һۣչһžᣬ˰ɣ
ûüڿǸһ˲䣬Դ¡һ졪ǾȻǴ棬ˡ롣
ųɰݵİϣңʵҲľΪ˵õҫλдħʦ޾֮硱ˡǩԼ
ֻ֪Ǵ˲ķϵħʦ˶²֮ľȻǲ֪ϵħ츳ģǩԼȥҪæһЩ¡
˱ˣҶ֪ʲôԼλļ̳ߴഫһ仰ֳ־֮ʱϣǱ븶ꡣ
ڵݱλˡ
Щף߸ϵҪʲôãԼûз
Щصͷԭǻ¡
زҲˣλͻȻֵġʥӡ
ǻ䵭սףϣľˣڸǳˣλɡ
˯̲סЦһ
֪Цʲô֮ǰһֱթ|֮ڣûбӻϣǡǵܹ죬ڰϣǽǽӻ֤
ǻϲԣȴеŭ
ԭƻúܺá
ܲ¶ʵǰϣǵͳȻֻҪٵõƽ֧֣̳λͳ˳µ£ϣǴϵ¶
ûкɱǸһֵթ
Һãթֻģòȴ֪صļƻ֪ϣҰҲǻûƭλ
ľӪһòս֮˯Σյļһˡ
ɫƳ˯һۣ˶֪ҹŮŮĽ˶ϲŭ޳ֻ飬֪ʲôʱͻᱳѡ
λŵթ񣬾Ǹܺõǰ֮
죬λǻĿɡ
͸žˡ
Щɬ˵¡֮ǰλλ̳ߣóȻλôҲøһ
ǻššüͷ˹ϥ֮صĿܡ
˯ڻϽܱͣº˵أû취򲻹
ǻüë°ͣǾͰ⼸λ̳ߺɡ
ģҲֻܵͷǣһ磬Ҿ͡
ڡǻݾܾ⣬쵽ʱˣȥڡ
Ķ˿⣬ȻɫԤԡ֡

ܽٱ˴˯нѵʱȻЩãȻʶͷѰħӰһ߸Ȼ·һѯʣҹλ̳߽˵ʲôԭħأ
һֽ˸ɾطͣһ߻ش𣺡ʲôҲû˵ֻóżħӦڷɣҪ𣿡
ܽüȻħƺ⸽һꣿ
վſڵĿݸһۣһߴ¥ȥ˵ħ͸ŦʥӵëȼˣĽᵢʱ䣬Լȥˡ
šܽ΢΢ͷ⵹ûħֻǡе㲻
ħڵʱ򣬹ôͻأټΪʲô
ѹûжܽʲôǻս֮˽ףѺ콻ս֮񡭡
ܽٷ߷ߵһ䣺Ҿ֪ķǸˣǸ񣡲Ǹö
Ŧʥˡ
ܽٵŭȻֹһ˲ڵⶼʧ٣˹
û𣿡
Ĭ֮ѯʡ
괹ۣëȼģë˱ĺǡ
ܽʶϵۣ̫Ĵ͸ԺҹǺ޷ú䣬˿ȴĵ׷⡣
ĻܵȼǸëġܽԼ˵ȻִܴĵҪ
ҲһʲôľħȵģᵣħҲȲᱻۡ
ͷǿ㣬úӣһн֮ǻΪⳡսȥѺ͸Ĵ۾ᣬڻʱ򡣡
ǻ˿̾ڹ
ܽٱ˱ۣһϹ飬ħ𣿡
ܿ졣˵ͷģ֮ǰζᱣġ
ܽٱۣХķзеħĺ
̤߰ɣȥλܶӵǻ¡


92 ׹
ܽٸϵʱ, ѾȺ
ûüຮѣǾͱڣܽٲŷְ׳Ҳһͷѱͷ, һվ˴, ࣬һûǻķ
ܽٽŲ΢΢һ٣ķҲعͷ
֮, 񹭿, ΪЯܾϴ, ֪ܽʹڣħҲע
λϣȥ˵ɥ, һϦ֮䱻˳ϣɬس˳ǣٺѵؿڣ, ķµļλʽ
˶¶𾪵ɫĹ׵ʱ򵣵˵һ˵ĽɫʲôΪʲô
û˵ķͿЦЦĻ, ҲŴλ
ѵӣ׵£Ҫ̫ˣ
˹ҵİʶܽ, ɯҲɫؿһҵǸпĹҲèܽ󡪡ϾҹͻȻм̳ǰ֪ͨôһϢôǲ⡣
ܽپԼʱӦ˵ʲôǻ񣺡㿴ƽܲһ
þơǻ۾
𡣡ܽٴ, ȷʵ֮ǰͬ, ƽʱô˵ġ
ǻͻأ̧, һȻܽ٣ܽ׼ӱȡ֮顣
ǻɫһ䣬һָ̧ı˹ƣǵǰȻɢ
ոպȻһ֣ȥԼҲ˵ԤУǻɲô£
ܽɫŹֵؿ㲻֪𣿲ԼѪҺҵ𣿡
ѪǻɫѸǸһ
ܽٲ²͸ĹŹԺδһʣ֮ǰһֱ棬λϵħʦ޾֮硯ˡ˭ľ
ڿѵ˵ǻľ𣿡
׵Ӿ㵵صɴ۾֮ܽǰҲʹ⣬ֻ֪ί֮ҲѯǱȥǱҪʡ
ϵħʦǻʲôϵ
ǸǻǰʥŦҲǷϵʦŶԣȫϵʦ
ķšüͷô
ҾûҴˣ꣡
ܽٸһվſڵĿͶˣŵЦ׺ײ˴ĴţȻĹӸܽ١
ֽܽסǲ֪Ϊʲôֵ˸һλ޾֮硯ľҲ˵ǸָʹзϵħĨȥ
ǲǿΪŪƭ֣թͬƵġ
˿⣬ֳ˶֪˵ЩʲôⲢףܽ˵һ£йص
ɯ׸ֱӣܽթʱѾԥ׼̬
ˣҲָ飡kٴη˹ܽû֮ӲķԪչ˷
֮ѪҺ飬ȫΥ֮ĳߣȻֻܹڶԶԷ˺ʱҲԼˡ
ȥ˿ɲС
ԪصħƣܽȫԪصػһƬըﰲȻ˹ֱָǻ
ûü˵ƵĺݻкȻľ㣬һֱͷİϲ̧ͷŮͽ
û˵꣬ͿŮľɶƵܽǰ

ǸҶˡ
Ůķšüͷ㲻̫ԡ
ߡǻЦһһĽúĸ𣬸׵櫣ɲҵĶ֡
Ůѵö־ԡ
û˵꣬һֻ԰޳֣һѶסǻʺ
ܽپϲغħˣ
ڳλͷԣ֮ǰ˵Ƿôֽħˣ
λ߳ĺɫȷʵʮַϡħƺ
ħͷ˵ôĥĥģԸԭסңû۸ҵľ𣿡
ŮüҪأ֣
ħʼ磬ίرʾʵЩ
Ůǻͬʱ
˦֣йЮǻײǽܽپЩ죬һμǻʱƺʹôһˡ
ħܽǰץץͷ˵·ϵһ
û¾ͺáܽ˿òһԭλ
ħһۣܽȻʱѲǰʱ򣬻ǺܸӵģȻҲûû
Ǹս˳ĳìݸս֮ì
ܽգգۣ˿Ǳ߻ڶҡҡ׹ĴŮǻٿ˿±սѰҰȫشĹ塢ңſ˿ħеս֮ì
ܾӦòǸĺʱ򣬵ûܾħ
˫ֽӹ˵ллҺϲ
Ŧ
µ˰ˡħʵش𣬺ȻһŻֱ߳ħ£üͷû˵𣿡
ͻȻķһһ㶼ܺĴŮ񣬵׼ȫħ
Ůû뵽ͻȻôһУһʱԭأ벻Ҫȥɱ
ϣйħǰһȻܽٿǰһӰת֮ǰȶ
ӶĳìƽħĺӰݺݴ˳ȥ
һʵʵûֻ֣һһĿĺӰײǽڣ͵ؿ
ȻĿƺѾˣܽٻͷһɫġ˿ߵħĺϡһʮֿɰͷ
ħ͵ض˶򣬵ȻԵֿӿ˯⣬˫ۡ
ħˣܽһѳǸͷסҡҡ׹ħˣ޷صܽٵĻһ೤ʵĺ
ӿħӣ΢΢˫һ⡣
ܽ˲侪һ亹ħʧȥʶ˯лᱻŰԨ־ף
ֻܽûһգħʧˡ
Сģ
ǻ񷢶˹Ůֲˣħһʧھһжĳ棬ۿɼؽ
ҲܽǰûµģܽٴˣħԨ֮Уûг£
֪ܽǿѹеĵģս֮ìվǽڵƶ˯𣿡
שصһλŮһԼϵĳһ˹ԣҡ
㿴Ǻϲңôôݰ֮ǰ˵¶ء
ܽɫ˵öԣҲϲκλħ鷳ļһ
Ҫ𣿡˯ͷԵЩȱȱǵĿѾ˰ɣ
ǻȻôŹܽ٣㶯𣿡
ҿûôСۡ˯Цһе̬˰ɣûħڣҲûɱǡҪɱҲ鷳˸׵櫻й˵֮ĸҲǳǸľӵзźüô붼ܷ
ǻüƺ˵Щʲô˯˴⣺ңʱ쵽ˣ㲻ʡ׼ݾķ
Ŀ⿴ȥͻȻ硣
׵Ӵ˵𣿡
ɯɫأǻ⣬ʲô޴Ķ֮ˣ
Ůһ׹䣬ʼˡ
ܽһ˲Щס֮飬ʶҪѿڶô족
͵ħ˻ô죬ܻš
ܽٿŴ⣬˲Ĺâﲻ˶ϵãȻϽֵͷա
ܽ˾ϣ뿪
̸󣬴Ů񾯸ؿǻһۣҲȥ
ܽһ͵һԼˣǵȰħһ֮ϵ֮꣬⣬ܹϵħķ𣿡
Щԥ΢΢ҡҡͷ
ܽͣ½Ųֱ۾ǰԨķأ


93 ʧż
û̻ش
Ůûԥ, ˵ͷش𣺡ʧżԨֵĵطҲ·ӡĵط
׹, ԨķӡҲһɶ, ϵЩӦܶݵشһͨ
ٵͨȶο׹ʱ, ԨҲҲӦı仯, ˭֪ᷢʲôܽ, Ԩһ⡣
ʹԨҲᱻѸȾ䣬֪ħΪʲôܹͦЩŰǡɭŮֻȾ˰ֱֻ, 䣬ɭֱ˶ɵħɭ֡
֮ǰҲˣթԨǰҲ޵
ŮΪȻص˵ͷ, ʱ״̬ҲܲԾȴҪɱˣرԸӦҲвԨȾ
, ħȥô
Цһѵħ, ȥһԨȻûʲô˵ġʧˣǻصԨҲֻȥһһħһɻұŰĹ
Ůšüͷ, ܽƽؿڣôֻȥˡ
ҡҡͷ, ʹħľ, ־£˭ȷ컹á
ϵʧЧ͵ΪһǰԨпԶزˡ
ǲܰѶעȫѹħϣ̫Σˡ
ŮƺʱŷӦڻķܽ˵һΣյó̡쿴ܽ٣Լϡ
ܽսĳìǲ£ǡ
˵ľԼ谮Ҳȥ˭ؼأ
õģħеҲӦ֪ģһֱܺú塣
ɵЦȻƺûʱ򳶳Ц
̧ܽͷһƬգ۾ѾԼܿԶģΰĿʧȥΰԼ˥ܵĽ֣һƽɳʯ
ƶķȻҪڰϣǵôͲ׹䡣ʱҲûϵǴħǻһдġ
˱ۣܽٿͣͲٸı䡣˵Ҫȥȡ
ˡܽûлͷûոʱ䣬ǵÿһ㡣
Լ˵ģ׹䣬ԨҲͬʱ䣬һԨʧһжˡ
Ů֣ص˵ʲô⣬һᾡġҪ޽ȻҲǴܵĺѡʵҸС
סɡܽҡҡͷ
ͷؿб̫ĹâҪҫ۵Ļʱܽһ뿪۵糸㳯ʧżǰȥ
ڴ֮ǰܽٲû˵طڵͼҲûκαʶ
˵ҲӡЧصѰһ߻Եɺϣһǲῴطġ
˵żʵֻһưܵĿݾڷ·һֱͨģ˵ͨҲ֪˭ġ
ܽ̽ͷ˿ƽƽ棬ֻ˸оʱԶһֻѾȥֻҪȥͺ˰ɣ
ǵ³çһԾ£ֽסôԨĴŲУֻ뾮ˤ
ܽڨڨŲ½ţֻԵһ㣬Ҳֱġ
дŲš
ٰܽԼӵеڴŮǰһſ񹭡ս֮ìŮȡ֮顣
Ů֮黹㻹ŰɣҪʱڣͻܾһ
һӣն𣬷ֱռھ㣬ܽĲĸɫھڸֻ֣Ǻ͵ȣЩ󷨵ɫ䵭࣬׹䣬Ԩķӡȷʵ䵭˺ܶࡣ
֮¶һڵȱڣ治ϷɢŲĺܽһվ˾ڡ
Щŵؿܽ٣ȻҲ˵ʲôɥǡҶˣ׷ͺڷ˵ĿһῸסġ
ܽЦûаͷأҵͷǺһĽɫ
ģһûȡְأôһȥأ
תͷԥڵĶһԾ¡
ע
ŮԥŰο̫ˣ֪ܽرģάζ˺
ס˵ͽ֪ǵħӵпػһͬʵĴȱԼԶСӢڡ
ֻܽܿıͳ谮
ֻЩӡ
Ůı鿴Щ
εҡҡͷܽĺӣܹûбħŰƽŬûа׷ѵ֤ħˡǿԺԥػĴˣܹԸ⸶κδۡ
ܽΪħȴʲôæﲻϣζܡ
Ůһóοˣոô仰Ѿ߾ˡֻѧೣĿļ򣬿Ȼá
ҸоöˣǳлŮ¡

ܽپԼ׹˺ܾá
ΧһƬڣֲָɫҲŨ֣֮ǰǲкɫŤζ·ĿӵĺڰǱ̬ɲĹ
ܽԨħѾħȫӳˣԨֻħһŤŤĺӰħŻĻܽһ£ͻȻ;һ㶼ˣÿɰˡ
еΧԼߵķħ컹ûʧЧֻԨԺ󣬾һɻõķԪضѹˣƺηʲô
ҲǵˣƢ̫õĳ˯еħ
žһܽڸоԼ˫ŲȵʵСض˶ţһˮ
ܽЩԨˮ
Ļ¿϶ģһԨĳֱ仯
֪µҺʲôͷܽٲɵЩëëģģҲֻӲͷƤǰߡΪħľǰܸӦħķλ
ҵǣܸоķԪڱѹƣǱ̫ˡ
ͳʯл𣬵СħߵֵסԨʴһڵƻӣ˰á
֮ҲȾˣ֮ǰħʱڲ̫һڵ֮մȾǵĺڰߣⲻ顣Щڰ߻ڲӵȫʴȾڣ֮ǰɢһ΢ӫ⡣
ܽٽŹ⿴˿µҺ塪ѪںɫѪ
ôѪȻûһ˿ѪܽپԼʱȻ˼治Ǽħ
ⲻħѪ
ܽ쳣侲ƺûʲôݣô϶
˵ƺƵĳǸֵôһ·ʹŨĺͲĺѪڼڵħ
ֹܽ۵룬ĺһ߾һܼħ
ԽߣɫѪˮԽܿܽٵմˮȹڱóأҺܽٵǿ󣬷ĹС㣬ʱѾ߲·ˡ
ܽٺȻòеģšüͷһƬ⻬ϸСƬ
ܽһѾ׸оԪصĴˣѾʼħˡ


94 ޱ
, ûиобŰԨߣԴпյ롪ǿĺ, Ҳûбͬħɰ
ʲôƬɣ˫Ȼö˶˵شšѵߣе鷳, ȴСߡ
۵Ļʵͦ˧ģܽ˽롣
ɫѪˮܿؿ, ܽͣ˽Ų, Щԥ, ȥ͵ιȥˣʵǲⲻ֪ʲô·Ѫˮ
ܽٿһԥ̽Žһħˣ𣿡
ʶŤͷһ, ﴫϤĸоϲͿڰһһ˿⡪ħɫ۾, ʧʱ
ܽӲֹס˽Ųƫƫʱ򣬿֧ŵ֮ҲڱȫȾڣٴ޷ĺڰ
κڰвȫ޶, ƺ˲Զǳǳĺ, ħԼߡ
ûг
ܽٳ̧֣̫ϣصҫ̫񰡣ݺڰǰ·Ĺâ, ճյɡ
̫ﶼһ, һͼҪôŵ
ܽһ㶼ϵظ, ġۡŬָ׸ôһŹ⣬˿
ħ˵ôһϵħ츳Ȼֻһ㣬һ⣬ԼССâ
̧ͷ⧲˽ߵħףֻҪǰһҲָͻԴ
ܽ٣
ɺ˫۾ǰħ˿̻ûлָ
֪˻ǲң˿ƺĵĹâȥĿ⣬צŹ⡣
ССĹ˸£ǿûϨ𣬵ħܾèһˢ˳ȥ˺Զ
ܽٿı飬Щ룬ʲôúµأΨһĹֶξֻôһСţٸ߼һĹϵò
ôţħը̻ӷѾ
ħ
ܽٸոտڣħֻصǰζԹûȤˣü΢΢ͷȷζһܽϵζ
ܽغ
ħĿⴿŰҲǴһְɣ֮ûκҰȷܲ¿һıܶʵ̫Ҫˡ
ܽգգۣע⵽ħģƺЩ仯ϸĴо̵βƺøӴ׳һЩܲϸСĽҲЩ
ܽٺȻͷӿһίСڣӦҪǵأħˡ
ħƺԼеϤһʱ֮仹òҪҪ
ܽٽѵĻʱһ˵Ҫҹҵǽϡ
ħšüͷ֣ϸĲ
šҵĲӡ
ܽıܲϷľ棬ħǿԼվԭһ
ָܽٵĶһ·ӵƬֹסơ
ܽٵ˶
ȻħŤͷܽʱķ͵šüͷ
ܽٵٴ©һģһ̶ˮѪȻʶʲôԨĴҪˡ
Ťͷħصһᣬһѱȥ۾ħˣӦҵһнҪһؼҵģ˵㻰ȻȻҾֻܸһƬԨˣ
ħ͵صɴ۾ţһֲҵģֻ򶼽ӲǱһֻεֳסˡ
Щɵ֣ܽЩ׾ȴã˿̺ǿԣһжףΪʲôô
ܽٵ·ȻһżΪõĹâħŤͷܿߵֱӣ۾

ʧżĴŮͬ˾ڵ״ǸһĶڣȻҷС
Ů£꾪
ҡҡ׹Ů͵̧֣󾯾ػعͷһҫ۵Ĺâ
â¶ͷŶɢŹӰ̫
Ů΢˿
̫ûգһɵָָϲ׹Ҫˣҵĸ׼𣿡
Ůƭˣʵش𣺡Ҫûˡ
ʲô̫ʧɫô£ѵҾȻ𣡲ӦðҿõӦúˡ
һ¡Ůüͷһµ̧˫֣ŮȹâʢںȻ˴شʻϸǣסҡҡ׹ס˼ɢڶڡ
һӴڵԨϢѸٿή̲ȥǾţάһƽ⡣
Ŷ̫̾һ䣬ʲô
ԨڲʧŮԵЩͷϻһ亹ΪʲôҪԿȥķҪ
ǼһԻҸԶ۸Ĵ۵ġ̫ܾҡҡͷش˴Ů⣬ǲάľһҶëȻĵطҵұϾҲ͸ٻܸ֪һλõġܵԨȥ˰ɣ
ԣŮеƣæĻΪʲô뿪
̫ЩΪѵ°ͣЩף׵櫣άľΪʲôҪ
ֻŮش𣬡ά
ðɡ̫һУһ⣬ΪʲôҪάľ
Ǳˣʱ΢һˣŮ񲻻˵̫һ仰ʼ˼Լûôϸ⡣
Ҳ֪Ů˼һ̹ʵػش
ȣǡ̫¶˿Цõı顣
ҾǸ۲۵ıŮ˴Ϊ᲻ľıӻǵΪ᲻ÿŽأʹ㲻
άҵѣǴӺܾúܾǰ𣬾ˡ
̫˵ͷҲѡ
һġŮҡҡͷҵѺٵġ
̫һʱ֪ôӻ
Խ˵棬·ԱһͷҵʱûҵѣԨʱҺһΪʧˣҺһӡԨ
̫ӣҲǽ·ӡ֮һ
ŮָɢݣϸԴԴϵʳԨţüͷһΣζҵѣǻԨġ
ˣ߿ѵϵ¡
ǡ̫¶൱յɫε֣õĹâԨĴ֮ϣһС͵̫Ԩ֮ʵݷ
ŮԴϢؿ̫һۡ
ۣǼ֤˼˥ʢļ֤ߣԭӰķչġ̫±˫ۣ΢΢ſ˫֣Ȼ˹âһеƷӦõĽͣҰɣ׵櫣
Ůܹڳ̧һţʡһ
Ŷ̫һ𾪵ԼƨɣĹâѸŵصɴۣ׵櫣㾿˱ʲôӣ³ľٶ
վһһְĵֻר־ضԨţ˿֮ĶԹ


95 Ԩ

ܽƺԼߴһ̾Ϣ, ϲ۾ħˣ
еɺȥ¶ԭɫͫףֻɫЩƣ, 뿿ܽ, Щֹԭġ
ܽ˲ɲУ֪жൣķǸһ䣬Ҫλˣ綼ڵˣ֮涼췭ظ, ҡ
ҳûġħĻ, Щεصͷ
ܽкȻһֲԤ, գգۣʶסֱۣƺһָߣ˵ʲôأ
ħصͷöͷܽٵĶͷ, ȻôܵƣܽȴϾߣħ, һԼӳԨȻԼ
ܽ٣ѾӵˣʹսҲܹ̱ʯˡħѵô˵, ܽȴرһ, ᶼۿת
ħʼôԸҪӵܹ̱ʯѾӵˡ
ܽӣҲž᣺ڱ̰ˣƽ̫ңϣܹϣ, ܹҿ, ҡ
һҲһȥ
ôˣΪʲôҪ, ԨʲôҲûУԺûСҲûлڵСˣҲûл鷳ľˣҪ𣿡
޵ħȴ̲סЦֺ֣Լļָգָָֻȥ᣺ΪʲôԼһ𣿡
ǶҪˡ
ôܽһҪûħĳ谮ͼ˽磬ħȴ΢΢ҡͷ
һΪʲôġħۣûԨǰ鶼һͬʣᱻȾΪʲôֻܹǣܻסҵڣ
ܽٴػش𣺡ΪǷµĳŵﵽ
ħſ˳εЦЦɡ
Զĵطȥܽٻͷһ۴ڵĹ⣬Ťͷԥظȥ
ȻͣЩε˵ħˣҵιȥ𣿡
ħĳƺӲһ˲䣬Щԥس֣ܽ
֪ǲܽٵĴƺƽӲЩЩӲؿڣ״̬ܲãһСıܾͻռϷ磬áʵһ㡣
ܽħԹԵذַϥϣȻ̧ͷ⿪˵һСľͻˣҪȻǰ
˿ħͷĽǡ
ħһ٣Щŭ˵ҾӦðҵǽϣ
ܽԾȻ¶˼ֻɫ˿ͷħؿڣ֪Ϊʲô仰ͻħħе㰲ġ
ħۿʪ͸ȹװճϣһոջ޹ڻҭĵεɫ԰ףȻϿֳողӲ˲١
һĪ
ܽѪ룬ܽٵξЩ̫һûסħļ룬ܽٲɵúضħҪʲô
档ħߣ档
ܽٸͷ
һӰ
޴ġ嫵Ӱ⿴һ۾;𺳣ĵ羴ԼͯĽ֮顣
ոֹסˮܽãȻԼˮһ⿴˾Ӣ۴˵ΰӰkȻѾȥʱˡ
ܽٴ˴ѯʣǡ
ħ֮ͫǱˣ̾Ϣһǵĸף֮֮һƬ½ġ񡣡
ܽٴ㵵صɴ۾˵ӵڶԪ֮ʧˣû˸Ҳ²kѾȥ
ħ΢΢ףҲǽԨ֮ŷֵġ׵kӦԤԼҲ׵kƬ½ΪԨǴӵkеġ
kΪӳⳡѵʱ䣬ͨĵľǰ½ȴ
Ԩ˳˽硣
Ťͷܽ٣΢΢񣺡ҡҴӵkУȡ˵kѪҺд
ҲǱԨȾģȡѾԨ˼䣬ֶ
һ۾Ҷ߸һҾͲǷˣǱĶħ
ܽ죺ǵġ
ʶҪȴ֪Ӧô˵
ħۣƽؿսԨҲһ
̫ˣܽ٣ú˯һ
ɣܰı۾ȴԨʧһ졣
ֱܽﲻԣȻ޴ħֻ֣ԼԤЩԤ룬ȫ档
ħԼ֣ȥɣǻڵ㣬ȥɡ
Żûйϡ
ܽûͨﲻԣ͵סħ֣ó˺ƣӦңһнʱҪһؼҵģǷħԨƭҵģ
ħڵĻᣬһ԰˵Ļ˳ҪôҲ
ľߣҷٹ⣬ҲӦ
ǱĶħǲ֪ڸĵħŮҲᶪ 
ҧסħֱۣһôֵơ
ħĳ򶶶һ£̾˿ôϵء
ܽٵıмãȻ
ħ
ܽٸſȥkʬ徲˯Ѫ֮СȵȣѪ
ܽͻȻŭ͵˦ħ֣ûѪҺȻôѪ㡢Ȼ
ħüëŶľѾƶ𣿡
ܽٷŭսȭͷƭӣƭħ
ħ˶ЩƫƫԴ
εܽҪק֣̾˿Ҳûȫƭ㣬ֻǡûչѡ
ֻÿԨеħҪŲȥʱ򣬵kŻҧѪҺ
kͷŽӿѪ˵ܽ١
ƬѪд˵kΪʲôԨء
Ҿôܲ˷ѵkµġ
Ҳ˽񡣡ܽ򴽣סħ֣˽
ۺʱʧġ
˵꣬ЩС۵ز䣬ոƭҵʱ⡣
ۡħӺ©һЦɤӣһ˵ҺôǸħܵƭСġ
ܽٻûü飬ħס֣ܽ١£ԸӽԺҷеȨٹ𣿡
ܽ΢΢ͷע
Ϊ˶ġ
ħ̾˿ܽٶƬ˵ܱ䲻ȥˡ
ܽٻӲȻ׹Ϊʲôħ֮ǰǲˣħطƺƺС
ûϵȻƯħȾЦ⣬ܽٶ˵ȻƬ
ܽٽ½ûˤȥͰ͵غڣ㡭ҡûСǡ㡢Ҳҵġҵġ
ħֱ׳ػش𣺡û
ֻܽܽ½йߣħְһƬͰ͵½ȳЦ˵¡
ѪӿںɫѪҺױȵХϣѪɫļס˰յˡ
Ƭ֮Ԩ֮вкɫѪħǣܽ٣һӰ£ɢǰ
λƬ½һеʧ֪Ԩ
ܽգգۣˮƻȥṻˡϵر˫k񣺡Ӵɽ޴ڡ
ħ˱ۣԨﴵʵı磬ĸ𱻷紵Զˣס


96 
ʧżڵĺȻҵض, ŮһĺȻһֻ԰׵˺ħ˺һһ˸ߵͨ, ܽһ˳
ŮЩҡһ, ¶˷ɵЦǻˡ
šħ΢΢ͷƺ֪׵櫶ЩʲôĿѵԵº͡
ܽһؾ֣Ҿ˵һħԨȻİɣ
ħбۿôȵģ͵᣿
ȡܽЩ̧ͷ, ܾԽԽ˰, ǻ񻹲𣿡
˵, ô˶ֲǰ컹Ǻҹˡ
̫񲻸ʼįؿڣѾˣƽ̫ӦѾˡ
ħǲŷĴڣôҲˣ
Ŷ, ҵȻΪ
̫Ļ˵һ룬ͱŮشϣ˵̫鷳ˣ֮΢˵æ
һһϢ, ǻúܼʱǻû̳λڻȥü
ܽŤͷħսȭͷ߰, ħ, ھԼҪǻ֪ħԼħԵ³
ȷʵɲĴħͷ, ĵ˵, ǻּһĻ, һҲܶԸġ
Ů񲻷ĵüͷһȥûڣҲֻʱʱѡ
ħüëˡ
żֽͷҵİӵӵеһУԨ
ܽ˼Ҫȥֹ׹䣿ǻ𣿡
δش赲׹ħ۾ֻ㻤ס
һԸڵõıӻжɹ󣬾͵ò³ж౯֡
ܽգգۣո΢룬ȻǻԸȫп¡
ÿλҪĶͬթҪһƭ֣ս֮Ҫһʷǰսǻ񡭡ҪĻ˵ñ̵
ںϣƽҪʳͿĽҪ˵óϷĸԸΪֻһСС
֮ܽǰ֮ܵģһ׼ԲŸ֣ǻ뿪һ֮ƺ˺ܴı仯
΢΢ͷˡ
ôֹ׹֮ҵΪҼᡣ
΢紵ԪػԼĴڸУ΢΢ͷ̱ʯ۾ηĹâ
ħƺ͵ʯʱܲһˣֺﶼûиı䡣
һġչ򣬺ɫ𶯣ʧԭء

⡣
ճ˶ûȻ˯Ȼ˴㵵Ϣһһ
һλصҩʦҩܹ˯֢ڡħӶŵű£ûκܼģֻ֪λ˲ҽʦܽٲһģҩԼǮµġ
ڣҪмλʽǧҴмжϣû֪״λ˭
ǻ̵ǰʥŦս죬˵ǻڲǰȫȥ޻أȴ˵ȺӰŭʥķӵųǸƭӡ
ǻ̸˸Ӿ˵Ϣķǻ
Ϣһ𿴣ЩѰζˡ
ķ⣬Щиָ뷨ȵ֮бչ¶Ǿͻϻ̳ϿֵΪԼйµ뷨ˡ
չλѡ˶ӦǰɯһĵȴܽٵϢڴŮ̻ͱһڰ˵ʾͻȻҲˡ
֮ǰλ̳ˣֻǻһ
⣬ΰ˲֮࿹Ƕô顣
ǻ˵ĿķżΪʮջ⣬ڵ黹㲻
ͼıȻ;й˸䣬ٴ죬ӵԼо񣬶ǽ㶥Ĥݵڡ
һȥʧȥ粻׹֪㷲֪һеλ
Ӱʧ˵
˾ԹҪλǻ̵ʥӣ
̫ˣƽ񡭡
ң˵ạ̊́ӦŦʥ𣿿λʥӡ
ļ̳أôһû⵽ô£
С㣬ǣûǸйĴ𣡡
ͻȻƥ˻Ⱥһһƥͷżǵİͬһɫ磬˴˵ͷһԾǰ档
ϵŮһͷҫ۵Ľ𷢣޽ǵĳϸ£Ժĳڱ󣬱΢΢ͷûκװΣĪáҲʺϴᡣ
ڽɫȹĵλߵƣȹӯӰжϷ£ѳì͹
Ưıûиκһ񣬾ȥ
˵Ӧסģ첻κλ̳ߣλһʱ֮Щԥ
ܽٵĽŲûͣԽ˽빬Ҳʧ˵
ǻƿ˹Ĵš
ʢװĹλ֮ϣǰɫ˿ϣڷŰϣȨȨȡ
ѾԤϵĳ棬ֻǻһϹϻǲ¶һ㱯
ǻЦЦؿԼΪʱ𣿡
ѵʿˮƺλվȻĴűٴƿˡǸԳ𣬾δŮܽ١£Ҳ
֮£Ϲٴεȥɴ۾ԭ̨ҭһģűˡϣܽ١
ܽٱ񿴵ëëģ̲סɤӣȡ
Ҽǵǻ˵ɣ˲ģʱԳŰλжߣҾͶǰˡ
Ƿֳʤ֮ǰ£ǶϢһ
ۿɼؽϹס֣һһԵؿжŵķ˺
ǻššüͷܽǹġ
Թһ鷲˶ˡľƣȴƫƫڳƺʱò𾴵ˡ㡱
ǻıڹ⼤ŭңࡣ
룬˭ĵάԨӳˣھɣҷɾʱ򡭡
ۡܽûסЦϽڴЩؾȵ˵ʲôأô£
ȻҲʲôرˣǡʹĻ׵櫶Ҫ͵Ϯɣ
ǻ䱸ܣܽٵĻǲƵغʹܹ֪Էƣǻŭɲٰ֡
άӦǴԨˣԸȷʵǲ͵Ϯģȥ赲׹ˡ
ͨЩǻư̧°ͣ࣬ΪԼ޴ۣѾ޷ԼĴˡ
ȷʵ˸󡣡ܽסս֮ìʶȻһ䣬Ƿ磬бʲô
ҲðѸ׵櫺ȽϵģϾȻֲ̫óܣ㲻һǸֿɰĺ


97 ڧ
ֻ޴ķ˲ŻѶϵƷ񡣡ǻһ, ȷ˹
ǻŵĲ֪ʲôʱħͻ֣û˿ħбŷ, ʡָŵ
ХķΪ´󲿷ħ, ܽٻս֮ìƣҲöԷռϷ磬Цһֻ÷ϲ, Żڳ⸱Ϊ߸ϵס
ܽٴǴʹ, ʱܼ, Ȼݵ赲ĽŲ
ϵĹսսؿ๥ڦֻɵǵսԺķ, Ϊ֪̫ڡ
ܽٶֱĹϵħŲһΣնìǻ˳ȥǻ, ȻҧӲһԼϵ˿ڣס˳ì
ܽһ˲Щ죬ʲôʱôйˣ
ǻŭҧ㻹ڵʲôޱ
ܽԺȻһΣ, ûлͷȥ, ɿìȻǸϤķɫ˿ͷĽë˳ȥ
ɶ񣡡
ǻŭһΪ˶ܷͷòЩǱط˳ȥ
ܽЩ˵۾涪ˡ
ݵĳѾͷǻ, ս֮ì˿ڰ, ¶Ѫڡ
˿ڷ, ˣں˿ڡֻǺôǱˣָ̻״̬ѡ
˯վԶԶģάŶͷƣЩźʼ磺һΪú׼ġ
ޱǻΪʲôҪӵģԡ
̫ˣڿǰ찡ޱûʲôش˸ǷʱҪսΪ񡣡
ң֮ǰӦö㲻һеġ
ޱ۾ܽ٣ѵҲˣʵά𣿡
ά϶Ը⴩ȹӵġ
ܽ٣
ôһǻƺҲӦˣšüͷЩɵشܽ١
ǵļƻάʹҴԨˣҲһԪˣľߵȻҲһܵӰ졣
ͬģܽٱøǿˣҲζšάҲøǿˡ
ܡǻڿʼЩˣԼĶͷάôܡ
ſġ˯ôϵذοҲǵһʧˣҲϰˡ
죡ǻȻ
˯Ȼɴ۾ۿɼ仯̫ȻھǻһһԼļƻ⣬ķ
ﵮģƹǻ۵ǻ񣬱ƭҲˣԷ˻ƵƵʧ֣˲Ű
ڧ̫ȻܽȻ˷񹭣еԥҪҪֱӶ֡
ޱǻû뵽ͻȻô˵ɫܲÿؿ˯ٴʶǺҹŮŮϲŭ޳ĵа񣬺ףܵġ
ˡ˯̧̧ٻԼͷסǸɰ˿ͷ˿ǾµżȻڳû˸С̫Ź֣һСǿħС
ɢ˴Լһ˰ɣҲŲҪأĿҲһˣ
һ˵⻰һ̽һܽٹȻû׷ȥŷɵת
ǻ֪أû뵽ֵزȻսתߣ
㡭һʱȻ֪Ȱͣ£ƿڴ
˼ſܽ٣Щ΢رؿڣô
ܽٲûзĹ׼ǻµüëҲ̰ģץһҲԡ
𡣡
ܽΪᱩףû뵽ǻܿ侲
˯ȥıӰҾڵģϾݷļƻҲ˯ޱİ
˯ȻȥӰ͵һҪߣܽٺһס׵櫣
һ۵Ĺâǰͷ˿ֺⶼ˸Ź̫ӹâ߳ׯϵſ˫ۣˣô˯ˣ޴ɡ
û˵꣬ŭĴŮһƿҵ֣ҵǳʱÿ
Ҫҿôֱ̫ѵŤƵЩε̾˿һĿ˵ùΰס֪ҹoǺܽƻġ
ģľҲס
ŮԸã˼ͬʱ֣˯ˢˢ˲˫
ܽЩεɤӣոջڳЦ˵ڧҲˡ
˯ѹûеֿԼͷ۾һתʵʵͶҿûʲôǱķϹ˵Ϊˮʲôѻ˵óģ
ҵʱֻǾú˼
һܽٵɫѸٸĿڣʵҲûô˼ֻǰһ΢Сæ
̫ҡҡͷ¶εɫô˵أı̾ɡ
Ůʲôæ
˯ʵҿ֮ξҸҲˡ
ǣۣܽûзɣô˵ݷļƻǻˣ
ôܰҲȥ˯ؿ飬ķίң취ξάˡǱôңеûŲŻæġ
ֻάȻ˯˹ȥѣǻд˯ǰļ䣬ȷʵεά
̫Ц⣺ǼħĻ棬ξ￴δ
Ŷ˯ҡҡָ֪Ԥ֪ҲȫȻɸıģԤֻǵĿԡ
ʱμģǷ̣ΪΰȻ˽磬Ҹֵһ𡭡ֱǺС˵Ĺû档
ҰԼʵķ˭֪ˣһ޴һ޴
ٺ٣ܻӿ˼ˣĴǸ棬Ҫ𣿡
˯˫ŴŮľˣһֺõؿǡ
Ůûôһʱ䲻֪˵ʲôá
̫ɤӣ㻹ǽ˵ɡ
Ŷ˯ȻеʧƲƲ죬Ȼķ֪ʲô⣬ȥҵıҿˡ
Ҷ֪ҵĸٶЩëҿǸһһ˵Ҫƭ񣬼Ҫҽͷ˯š
ȡ̫񲻵òٴγȻüճҲ˼ܲȰص˵ꣿ
ðɺðɡ˯¶ϧʮϣҿԼͽʵҲǰǿȵͽǸİ壬ܽС֪İɣ
ֻܽܵͷӦ
÷ҿ˼Сƭ󣬼װħΣ˼䣬Ǿϵˡ˯ϧ̾˿ûʲôˣŶˣǻⱨӦˣҸƭˣԼöꡭ
¶㵵ı飬˯һ񣺡԰ǻ֪ɣҲ֪ģ
֮ǰǻǱҿݵģںŰǵԼľˣ
ǸȤҲܽģ


98 ħ
˯ϵĻ̹, ܽһʼ׼ĺݻûü˵ϼ䣬һʱЩΡ
ǻɫ˼䣬Ǳһβı׼, ûֹ˯˵, Ҳûж˵Ļʾʲô
˯²ؼҿ˰ķеǻǾú˼żҲķж
ȻͰչ, ε㻵, ˳ҲһԺȥġİĴ, Ƭ½ĸҶвˣϣǵƺչãѾӶ˻Լ
ƺҲѾǱصֻǲ֪λ, Ǿʹ֣֮֮ìܣñһƬ, ûõô
˭֪ұһֱܳסûг֣ǵʧķȻˡҿȻǸҲ֪¶ˣԼ϶Ҫù, ɹƺҲеС, Ҫλ֪飬԰ķһ˳ӽħ̽һ岻顣
һ, ܰѹƵǻ, õҲݡû뵽ûķ, ȹľ
㱻ħɱŻˡʱõս֮磬̾ʹǰ죬Ȼ֪Ǹ塪ķޡͰˣƭǻ
ٺ٣ǸĶס˻ŵĺҹҿ˿ɵóԵͷˣ
ԼЦÿģ֪ڳ˶ûЦֱ죬δ죺˵ˣûˡ
ûꡣ̧ۣܽ㻹û˵ŦΪʲô
ţ˯¶Щ飬˼һ£ŻȻһ֣˵Ǹûǻľ
֪ûߣӦ᲻ЩСûɣΪʲôҪɱ͵սˡ
޴Լһֱ˵ŦȻ¶˳΢ЦΪԼӢۣΪԼһ֮ЩˣˣûıӻҲһ鷲ˡ
ܽ١£Ҳڽΰΰ񶼲һŭάʧȥ죬Ҳֻһ鷲ˡ
ܽٲΪֻɨһۣԶֿĸ飬ϲԼľ߶ҲӦõġ
ҶķθƺһӱܽٵĻŭˣԼŷ޴
һʼͲǰս֮ս޲ʤĴʣھǰŦ򣬵ڸɵҵ䣬ǲܵģ
ֻ˱Һ޽ˣȴû뵽ЩҼ̫ķˣԼ޴Լ·
ܽٴۣǵλЦ裬һʥӣ뿪ʱ˵ڴΪŮ졣
ԶῴˣңԶĺ죬Ʒ
羫ڷŭؼХڵѪҺȥʵȴѡ
ڼŭҡ
ڮҵѣҷŭ֮¶
ЮкХǻ׼㣬ܽѾƽǰǻӶս֮ìܽһźݺϣǻϸɿ˳ìֽ̧ܽסһֱնһǶۻ
ǻ񱻴ǰһڣˤڵأ̲סƿڴ˭ôùģ
һĺʹ±ˣ
ս֮ììĺܽٵͷ̵ûһ˿
ǻ죬ֻҪˣ˶ɵ˺ܿͻָ
ָֺܿԭû
޴ܽپӸµؿһֱܴ
ѡں죬һѾ뵽Ľ֡еĴ֮󣬲ѡΪΥߡ
˵һʱʧ㣬ǱıɱķˣǸԸӢۣΪѡ
ԼѡˣôܳƵϴǻסì⣬üëȻôˣΪᡣ
͵ذܽһƱҪڼ֮°һħܽپս֮ì˸ԴȻųìһԾıѾõһ
سìҪʤ׷Ȼǻһ⣬Ųһ٣ǻѾһ˦˳ȥ
СģŮ񾪺Ѿر۾
˲䱻ױ֡
ݵױͣЪ֮ԼҲ˲ٹǻԼվЦһΪĻ׼ָֻǸϲŭ޳СѾͷ𣿡
ԭ޴ɶ˯Ȱ³һẓܻ́ذͷˤڵϣˣķԼ̫ҳȥͰ
ȣҾ仰вҡ̫εʼ硣
ոյ޹ķǰܽ˸ǰ棬΢΢˿ȹϵ˿ҲЩȴȫûһ©
̫ͷ۰λ˸ʵʵĴŮƵѣװĸ׵櫣Ƿˣܺġ
Ů̧̧֣Ť¶˵ıǿס
ܽٵ˵ͷ㲻÷ģｻҡ
̫̽ͷǽǡ
ܽٿǻĵ磬̽ŷɳһУǻһ̧֣һԲУбԲսȥԭⲻش˳
ܽ΢΢ͷܿǵķС
磬¹񾵡һﵽѹ˶ٺö˯߷߲ƽסˡ
Ŷǡ̫Ҳ¶˾㵵ı飬͸֮һֱûлصû뵽Ȼõˡ
ܽߣһ䣺÷ȵľӣܷһħ㡭
ܽٵ˵ͷôҪ鷳Ҷ˵Ǹˡ
Х𣬴ȹ죬ȴͬʯȵվڷ籩롣
һħģ
ƴķ籩ȾΣյĺںɫ¶ײϵĺɫƬǻ˲ɫħ
¹ǰһƣʶתӡ
Х¹񾵲ظزڣǡһɢƬɽ¹ɢݣķ׷ǻعᴩ塣
ȣǻȳһѪҺײˡ
ʲô
ţǡķ
ôˣʹﵽôˣأ
ǻֱ壬ʶԼ¶̨ܹϣĹ㳡Ҳܱ㳡ϵǿչÿι̳λ֮󣬶ȴ⡣
ǻŭһȴȻе㲻ԣȻ͵ʹͺʲôҪ
ʹýгȻ㵵ط֣Լ߹ǳһֻźɫë̵ȣ
ܽٵս֮ìһߵǰͷֻü˵ϲ㣬ġеǻ£㽫ôෲ˵ļ֤֮£ɱħˡ


99 ǻ֮
ǻͻȻֺݺݰֻȴ䳶, Ȼûãָܿоĺʹ
㿴Ƕڿ㡣ܽٵĿԽǻ, 㳡ϵ, Ǵ˶Ŭ˽ż⣬ͼڷʲô
ոķĶܿ죬˸ûпϷ, ôȥ, ǳ綼ֵᷢġ
ܽ¶һʮַϹСǵЦݣǻħ, ϲ㣬ӴԺǻķԶħϵһ𡣡
ƺǳܸӾ׼Ĵ˵ʹ㣬ķٴ³һѪ
㲻ܰȫħ, 㲻ӵʽĵ̧ͷ˵ܽҲ˵Լ, ԼģάҲָܰ㣡
Խ˵ԽԼеԽԽ, ԽԽֱ׳
ӵ߱, Ҳӵɱ˵Ŀܣķ֪͵ʮƶ˵ܰԼУ
ܽ΢΢ҡҡͷ, ۴㲻׵ġ
һʼͲκˡ
ķԼ·޴Ļ
ұΪʲôҪħ, Ҿò, Ҿˡܽҡҡͷ㼵
㼵˳Ϊӡϲбκ鶼ߵЩѾĻҲòġ
ڰϣıôãǻǻ񡭡ʥӡ
һԼľ߶ܼʰɣϾϣõα顣
סڣķ֪ʲôҲҽڵ飡
ЩЩ޴࣬ûΪǽǻۣ֮仹ëѪҰޣ
ҽʹùߣҽǴ鼮¼ӵеǻֻۣҪĵҡңҵĺҾͻĵذҵǻ۸ǣ
Ⱥ޴ܻܻ᷸ᱻס嶯޴ľҲûϵֻҪͽͿˣҵ³˾ʾ
͵ҵǻۣǵǻط棬һûн̸ǵ֪ʶû£
͵ԣǵȡҵǻۣµǻ۶ҵģֻҵˣҵ˲ܵõҵıӻ
Ѿʼˣԭ㿡ȹŴڳ
֪ܽħʹˣĸռϷ磬˵ЩУȴֲ˵Ķ
άǸֻӻЩܵ˺࣡ûЩˣЩСޱˣǻϣ
˶ܻȥߺ߶ûзֱҵĴڻʲô壿
ǵ𽥱ϣȻ͵סܽٵĽףΪʲô
άı׵ıΪʲôõʵİ
㻹𣿡ܽٵͷȻƵᣬΪʵⰡ
Ҳס
ʧȥԼʶǰ૵˵
ŰķռĴԣû취˼ˣϸɧƺֳ˫۾
ΪǷֱֻǿҵļͲʳıʹ
Ȼı֮ƺøˣܵĲǰ˵ΣգˢŤͷĹ㳡޴ζࡣ
ʲô
ħǸħ
ѽ߿ҪҪأʦأ
Ҳôܽ˵仰еս֮ìٴס˦˳ȥ׼ԪػὫҪĿ괦
ìᴩħĺ
һλĩ·
̫΢΢ף۾û뵽Ļ֤һλ
ŮƺҲЩ𶯣ܿ侲¡
̫ѣŮ˵綼ڣҲ֮󣬾ûĴˡ
̫Ŀͬص˵ͷҲɡ
ܾŵĹ㳡ǲŸո侲˾쿴ϣǡ
ģйˣܰ
˾عڵأܣȥôĹϣǶ
Ҫ𣿴ĹسԨħţȾǰɣ
ڵؿʼҲע⵽¶̨֮ϵܽ٣ʼ˽Ʋǲյʤߡ
ܽûйǣͷϣѰħӰ

硣
ħᣬ˱̮֮ϣЩҿ˿һƬ˥ܵľǿܿԻ͵ģڻ԰ɢһŲߵ˻Դ
ǵżססʱϲ
̳õȻʢħȻЦЦժһ䣬Ȼժһ䡣
ڻ̳£üͷͼһõ۳һǿܿĻ
й۲ߵ񶼴һĳλסȿڣ㵽ڸʲô
ħûлͷڻش𣺡ۻ
߳վ࣬Ϳȥˡ
֪ⲻǻһ𣿡ħ⣬ҪȥˣҲĻˣץ
Ȼ˵ĺе
ץץͷ£ǻҲ̫ˣ᲻ᰡ
ħŭصһۣѵ𣿡
Ȼˡ񽾰ͦͦأûҵİ˵𣿡
ĺ崿Ů
죬࣬㳳ˡħû˼ʲô¡
㲻ô۶ֻҪ΢һͺˡ񲻸ƽϣĵṩԼİ
ħƺеã˵ͷʣںô
ˡ¶˿յɫҵǸƷʵ˵ϺãΪҵĺҪܹˡ
ֻҪ΢ͻһЩ˼ڿҪҪĶ֣Ȱɵ˵ˣǡ
һħʱЩ⣬ÿһпʧܣ԰ɣ
㲻鷳ĻħƳһۣһŵҲȥ鷳
ҵȻ֪㲻ϲ鷳¶Цʮֵôߵ˵ҵ˼ǣ㲻Ǻҽ𣿡
ħ¶˼ɫϵĶȴ
УͲҪһƬ𣿡ѭѭգֻҪҽˣһȥǸԸ񲻺õĳСӣ
ҲòɱѵˡħƳһۣ㻹кܳԺ㻹ȥͷЦ
ϧǵᣬڴϡ¶ϧЦݣȻȥĺ衣
šħܵӦһ̧еĻ´һ飬ص˵ͷ
ԳƵһĻˡ
ħվҵûȥˣǱߵļһҲԻȥˡ
òǳ֣һֹ׹䡣
Ҳ鷳ҵŮĺӣҲЩѪΪˡ


100 
ءŮعͷȥ, ɫֲ˵Ĺ΢΢
ǻѾɱ˯ʵʵشۼҲûʲôΣ, Ů˶ǵǿԱ
𣿡̧ۿ¶̨, ķ϶֮пľ˻ЩšǸƫԶ̱ʯǰı߾Ůɱ
ܿع, Լ˫ͼվ, Ȼûгɹ
ַһ, мؿȥȻɫһʶںǳ⣺׵£ôҲ㡭
׵Ӱλ, ܻ߶˶Է磬Ŀ⸴ӵؿܽ١ܽеػعͷ΢΢ͷ
һ, ʼ磺ĴͣˣӦǳˡ
㿴סҵ۹ƺһЩҾ˵Ӯġ
ϹЩЦ, ֻЦ޷۵ס
˫սսϹ, ȨȺ͹ڵ˿޵ӡ˫һׯϻġʯĹڣЩָĦһ¡
ûͣ£˫Źڳܽ˹ȥ
ʹۿڣЩпض˵, ǰϣǵϴഫĹڡǲЩͷˣ
ǹðЦ
ܽٵͷȥ, ȻǿЦ˵, ʵûڵÿǶϱʯĵطûбŹˣıʯ˶ޱȣɫʮֲͳһ
ʵʵ˵ǳֱҫԼıʯء
ܽίرһء
׵ӹЦı飬Ҿ֪ʲôǵƷλûôеʵġ
ڳϣǹʱӵеֻһصĽڣϾǸʱҵĹҲһס
ȵҪλԼĶʱϣѾǸǿĵĹˣʱûԼʱЩ᲻ãôȥЩɣһµķڽڴһιʱ͸һŴɹıʯڽϡ
ϰһֱҸǵڶʮΰϣǹС
̲ܽסЦʮ߿ıʯҲ̫Ϊˣҵõط
׵ҲһЦȽ⣬˭Ҳ֪ļ̳߻˭ҲҸҲû׼ñʯ
ĹεɤӣҲȫû׼ΪҶ䵽ǻ׼һʯϣʴȣΪҴƽ
Ҳ㲢Ҫ̳ǻ׵°ڳһͷٸ㲹ɣȰڴϡ
ż̧ܽͷա
׵˼ڵħ˻𣿡
ܽ΢΢ͷ
׵ЩɵؿڣҵһЩ˵顣
ܽЩ⣺λ޾֮硯
׵µ˵ͷûм̳λһֱķʦ˵ٶ꣬˾㵵ĳ٣Ҳ֤֮һ
ڲļ¼ԤҴ£ֻҪʱŻ֣ػһĽɫһ֤λļλʽ˵һεǿűʯġ
׵̧ͷܽٵı飬ڸı飬ҪҪȥ˵
ܽٺܸӵʣʲôʯ
׵ʵش𣺡һꡣ
˵ţѽתȥܽٹȻʹڵǶһ꣬滹һֻͼѵĳӡ
ܽӣҼģʺǶıʯˡ
׵Ҳʮͬص˵ͷΪѹҪļʱףǡɡ
ͷǿ꣬͸֬ڣֻСĳӵһ̻ͼѡ
Щ˼ץץԴ԰⵱ΪѣǡڲļУˡֳҵ֣ӦҪ󣬷ŭ⣬ҲûֻƬƺҲԶλ
룬ǻڷϵħĨȥš֮һˡӦҲǲһλ飬޷һʼ̰ͼζԶڵĳһ
Ȼ֪᲻ܣһΪҵ棬Ǹ
ܽٲľϹܽЦֲĨȥҵ䣬ΪʲôҪҵǸأôҲǶħǸҲûʸԭ˭
׵ץץԴСֹһеλħ
ҿԲ²¿ħʲôӦܽ°ͣȻڳħһǻѧڣҿûһ˼ƽϣ˭ҪǸˡ
׵±΢ģ˳ǣôûסЦ
ʲô
㳡ٴδһ˼ŵڵأֺ
ܽͷһӰħ
չֻͬħ
ܽһۿƺڹŻǡԨҲǶӰ죬ħƺøӻˡ
ڵȻſԨĴһڵľӣڰϣϿա
˰ҫ۹âڰӰܽ㳡Ѿ˲ظ˹ȥ
Ȼӵ֮ϾӸµ¿ĻͻᷢڵԨ޿ڣƽʳȥ
ܽ˿ԭڵħֹ׹֮󣬴ӵϾ½ܶҲôһյء
ͽԨõĽˡ
Ի͵׹Ԩ㷲־ʹᣬƺɵЩˣܽףħûм̳׵ԨƿУԶûô򵥡
ܣòӦþڲԶħֹ׹֮ҲûжģӦöѡ֡
ħԨĴţ쳣ĺڰ͹âʧ֮Ǿȵط֣Ѿ̫ɽʱˡ
ʱůɫ˲һҲߵͷЩһ춼ûгԶٶֱڲź֪ؾöӶˡ
ǴȻûѡ뿪쳤Ų¶̨ƺڵȴĽ
ħ¶̨ϣ㳡ϲ˶˾ҲϳһֱܽߵǸӶ죬һʱԺжԳĲ²⡣
һ£
һɫͷĽСŮȺϣӴҴҸЩǵΧ˳
ͬһֻɽּ䴩С¹ɵ굽Ⱥǰλã۷ڼس¶̨ϻ֡
㡪
̲ܽסЦħڵҼأħˡ
ħĿǸݻĹϣ¶ʮı顣
׵С˵ƷζȻе⣬ʵǺģģǷҴഫĹᣬÿһűʯδ
ŰɡħôȤ
׵Щ͡
ħûпרעؿǰܽ٣ǷҵʲôȲѵĿԣǶԼŰɡ
ñЩ
ѲõɵĻȡشͷϣ¶Цݣʺ
Ҫͬʱ㾣õ塣䣬ҵİ
΢΢˰벽ָ⣬дЦ⣬ΪЧңŮ¡


101 
λʽ֮, ڵŮʼŵ׼Ůܽٵ޹޲ĹҲҴææظ˹
ܽû̸ԭҵˣǻʱѰס, ϵļ廹ǻ˲ٲƸ, ʹҲ̫׾ݡ
ǸĽˣϹο
׵±ܿ˵, һߵڵƫƧ, Щʧǵ̨
ǰ, ԼҵݣװɵҲôڵϡҲνˣѾˣвϵصж, ˵Ӧظġ
ȷʵһֲƵءñˡ
ŷһڸʲôŵòӵ
ѵ, ҴææĵϵĻҳҪվתһԼֲˣһƨȥͷһ̹Ȼؿˣﰡ
˶һ¡
׵û뵽ɯ, ɯû뵽ͻȻ
üͷ´˰׵һ, ׵ʶЩ飬ɯ׵Ը񣬶ѵ䣬־ʱվԵԼܴ, ˸ѡ񡪡ŲԭغӲš
, ɯװסȹ, Ҳ
˵˰
׵ЩŤرͷǰɣٰϣǵұɱѿ֮󡭡֮Ҫܲܵס֡
ûģϾܽɱˡ
šɯͬص˵ͷδֵħˣܾԭǿˡ
׵ûп
ɯƽתͷ㿴ôˣеĲɵġ
׵³Ĭ˰ΣϵûС
𡣡ɯ׵Ȼûʲô仯ǴӹʼҸһ·㶼ûзҡ
׵µҸʲô
ұܽģû뵽ûңһʧǵӣҵɵ£͸˹ɯšüͷû뵽ֻ˵ط
׵·߷ߵ˵ֻҸû˵طѣ˭Ҫɵˡ
ɯԵЩ
ûвˡ׵̧ͷֻͨһУһ̲סǵãԺҾ޼ҿɹˡ
ŬԼԵƽٻ͸¶㲻
ɯ׿
׵°ͷŤһߣҪѵҾ˵ɣҿʵһ
Ҳ˵̡ɯ׻ҡҡͷſڣܽСиҲǿĵҵŮ
ʲô׵µɴ۾鿴ȥеɵ
ֻ֪թɯ֣ܽٺħֹˣǿû˵ɯ׾ȻǿĵҵŮ
ɯ̲סЦһҲ˵ϲڱ󴫲ܵˡ
ǰŮһʼǿĵҵǸŮڵͺͿĵһȥˡ
׵´˼룬ԼԴȥͼο㡢ҲøЩҲ֪ҸҾͻúùˡ
ɯЦҡҡͷҲǴôο㣬ֻ㣬ܹͬܡڿĵһʱ֪ԼǸƭӼ壬Ҳһ˲Լ޼ҿɹˡ
׵£ҵĸȻңһӵµѡ֪һ֮ѡΪڵɯףҲһʼ᲻һɣһжġ
׵סҿĺջԺ󣬵ǻ˵˲٣
ɯֻЦ
׵̲סʣ֪ġ
֪ûѡܽٻչ˺ңõиˣһǻ̲ס룬ûôСҲ˵סȡ
ͲսʱһߣҲðҽˡֻʹԼСá
ɯͷ֪
мˣܹǿԼźء
̫ܾúرˡ
׵˳Ļ̧ͷʺڵϣӡ֤һʱĻĺĻ˱۾
Ƕš

ҹĻܿ콵٣Ůٶȸܽٺħ׼˷䣬ҲöȴŻ¸ۡŮǰæ
ܽǴҲһסµģڲĻ¸ۡҪЩܽٴôҲĲ¡
һߣӣһĵ˵İɽ㣡֮ǰһϻģ
ֻܽһ߽Ů޹
ﵱȻ̱ʯ죬ҲĻ¸ۡˣܽСС˽ĴȦ
ͷ뵽ħ֮ǰĶ˵ĻŮ¡
ֻܽԼĶ䶼ڷ̣Щյ룬ѵԺħ˽Ů¡жԷħˡӾĹϵ

ܽԼָ⣬ͷڱЦ
Ԥ׵رƿܽܵţˢش˫ϥ£ڴΣħħˣ
ħӴ̨˽չ³üëô֪ң
ܽʵش𣺡ϣǳҲûбϰߣôˣ䲻𣿡
ǰѴ̵ʲˣǸҵĳչħЩض˶ۿܽ٣ԭڵģջôİķ䣬᲻᲻ϰߡء
Ҿˡ
˵꣬Ŵת
ܽʶڣ
ŷһڣħѾͣ˽ŲֻһһʼڵԼ
ܽεЦЦû취
ԭȸҴ˵ҹģȻˣҲֻøһˡ
Сħ°ǰ£ԭҲʹԼһ˳Զʳ
ٺ١ܽٲ˼ЦӴͷ˹ʮֿɰĵ⣬Ϻħһ
ܻ˵طźڻ¸ۡҲûʲô£ֺ
ֻһܽپ˱¡
Ŀ⻺䵽ħǰ΢˵ĽϣЩڴǣħˣǲʲô£
ţħԵЩ˼һȻصͷȨû׼ø׵櫵Ǹպһ°ɣͷӳһ£Ȼǲ̫ʺϵȨȡ
ȨʲôĸҪܽپðʾȥħҲףһֱ˵ǰӦģһֱûжأ
ħ嵰Ķһ١
ɿѵһߺ˵Աȥ˯ˡһ߷ɿ쳯Ŵȥ
ȵȣܽʶ׷ȥȻŮ׼ıʯЬЩ̫Ͻţһһת֮ħ¡
ħ۾ܵŵèĺ˶һڵȥĵؿڣܽ١£㡭
ܽٸɰͰ͵ؽͣǵģұûôΪ飬һˣ̲ס
⡢ҲԵıܣ
ħ۾¶˸ЩЦݣոɱǻȻϾ͸ôԴħ˲ðŮ¡


102 
ܽûж
һͨ, ĿᶨضħͷֻǡѾǰܲһˣ˲٣ֻȻƵϽС, źħĿĽǻкܴࡣ
Ҳڴܵʱˡ
ܽеϧ, ֻһССǣ˭뵽ħȥһԨǾͳأЩһʧȥͲ, ܽٵĿǰδеļᶨ, һ󵨵뷨
ѾС, һԥԥģٴߴĽô죡ħ˭֪ħǲǻڣ
ܽٶ˶ָħĿ¶, ˢһܽٴȥܽΣ壬Ĺ, һѱסħ
ܽ١£ħҲĶ̧赲ܽĽǣЩܻؿڣ㵽׶Խʲôİãס֣ġ
ƺʱӦ, Ժһ, ־ĸʶǺܺʡ
ܽٳļ϶ѹһЩָͼħĽǣϻͼ˵Ҳûرϲ, , , ħǵΪһЩħѪͳԴһССͻǰһڳˣرɰ
Һɲһħŭסָ⡣
ȻһϲĽˣģÿĽǣ὾̧ԴվվأܽѭѭգԼҲ΢˵ԨӰ죬ںƭħһ˼־
ϸûдŲħҧ
ô֪ءܽͼּۻۣҲΪرϲңĽǲŻر
ħεؿָ𽥽ӽ۾һ˲˵ֿ
ܽ˳Ľǡ
ָֻ˽ǵ·Ȼָ˳żӲĽħķ䣬ܽٵôߵԴ
СƳһħħȻڶûгֹ
ħһ˵°ͣʹۣ黹е΢Ĳ죬ⶼѾ˷⣬βҲ̲ס¡
ܽ̽ħβشתȴǷ˵
̲ܽסЦ
ʲôЦġħ̧ۣšüͷһģûУ
ܽٿƺЩβͣɤƽ˵һһ
ħ۾һ
żԼ̫ܽˣż־þô
ǣ޹ҵķ磬ĳҲֻһʱϢһСıǣסĿ⡣ƺӹҶõУΪǻ뷨跨ȥ᷺
˵Ǻϲ࣬ûгϣȴžġ
Ǹϲļһ
ۿܽ٣ܽٶһЩջ֣Ͱ͵˵ˡ
ħЦһȻһܽ٣ԼĳߣһŴ⡣
ħȻڣѾ׹ˣԨĴҲҵƿ֮УҽʧأӦҲԶˡ
ܽգգۣһħϣƺĳ򲻹֧ʶش𣺡ʧ𣿡
ѾʧعˡħЦЦ֮ǰҲͼҹЭʱҵˣȺͶħ׵˰ɡ
лĸף¾Ͳøˡ
ħζؿһۡ
ܽûе˼°ͣԨһʼ𣿡
̫һħļһ𣬡ʱѾͼѹԨˣʱҲûзҷԨʴĶǳȥԺҪ뷨
ҵʱ룬սҾһҵΪ뿪Ԩ̣Ϊĸ𡣡
ܽû˵ֻǰЩͨ崫ݵ¶ȣڡ˼
ʹ˸׵֮ÿζһ˲ѡҵʱȺҡҶԨˣЩҡ
ǧĳ޻ֻǻؼҡѾûмˣҾ͸ǽһҡħͷܽ٣Ȱǰúã֮ȥ縴𡣡
ܽٶߣħƯĻɫͫºͶƽ¶Цϧû뵽Щһ̫ħʡˣһֱĽŲֱڣǿϧѽ
ħҲЦִܽٵĶͷ鷳С
ʲôܽٲػ죬ǿȽ鷳֮ǰҪȸһƨɺаؿռĿӣ˵ƽħʱҲܴǳŻˣ
ħûסЦЦûŲεЦ⣬סܽٵ͹㣬˭ȫ鷳ľߡ
ǣס˷࣬ںδȥĵطϺͽħĸͲʣΪΪһͨˡ
Ҳȫ鷳ħˣȻȫֻһλħֹܽ䡣
ħüëǰ͵͵ҳַ
ܽһʼʵʵţ֪ʲʱ͵͵ָħĳ򣬻רѡëϸܵëħ˺þãûжһѰƷ
ܽذַڨЦѱҵĵطСظƽҶǸɫҲˣħϢˣ
ħûпܽһ£ȻӦСĵؿʣǻϰ𣿡
ܽЩšüͷ֮ǰħûȫƿԨʹҲȫʧȥʶ˯ţѵʹԨҲϰ߰Ȼ˯
ħı飬֪ʲôԥһ£ûпڷϡ
ܽһµһ֣ħˣ˯ɣ
ħĳһѸϿɵĺΡ
ܽѾɿվҰѴ
Ӵϳ¼ӷڴߣԼ׼һλϣڴΣģħˣ˯ɣһߵģ
ħܾĻѾߣգգۣû˵
ʵη˯ߣ׼ˡ
ħһ£һԼô·һ־ԼľѵôģҲܴĻԡ
̵ŲߣŮĴ̡
ܽǸʲôִӵ˵ƣֻǵ¹ˡ
ܽٴӻ֧Ԩһ⣬Ѳǿʯл𣬷봲Զϡ
ſڴߣ˵΢ðɣͲԨˡ
ħͷǵ⣬𵱳Ԩܽһ⣬վǰģ
Ϊر۾
ȻûһȻ쳤ˢظܽǰԴ档

ܽپ㵵ط飬ȴƲͷϵ
ħ̫ˡ
ܽٿ飺ʲôû˵
ħһ㲻Ŀ̫ˡ

ܽûлشƺǱħĺˡ
ħںڰпһ֣סڴ̱ߵ֡
۾뷲˶ô˵Ľš


103 
ڶܽʱ, Լû˯ڵϣҲûеᱳʹᵽ˴, ΧΧס, һʱԼǲǱһֻûƿǵС񡪡ƿ̫ˡ
ħڷĴ̨ϣ΢΢תͷˣѾһˣƺܵ˺ܴĳ, ߶ʲôĻ, ߵʱҵٽ
ܽ٣
ܽס, ħͷ
ǿѹĵĺߣܽټװɤӣ˵˯û𣿡
šħ˵ͷܽ, ȥȰɣ˵Ҫ壬Ҫúôġ
ٰܽһ, ͨһͷ̫鷳ˣȺ岻֪Ҫٻңˣǰʱһ¹ɡǻиҪҪ, ħ, ս֮ռǵأ
ħѾſڵŮ˵˻ԷĽŲֱܽٵĴ
ħܽ٣ҹʱںħʹϢˣ֪ǻѶ֮, ս֮ѾѸٳ˺졣
ܽٵıмִ, ôôˣս޲ʤս𣿡
ս׼ǲذ֮, ԵȻս޲ʤħ¶ЦħѾһָ˺ı߷Ѿûмˡ
ϣյĳҲ٣ߵӰ֮£̫Ҷˡ
仰ܽ٣֮黹ûдǵðթڳףԣȻһûȥЩ塭
ҹŮѾʹϵˣȵȼ졣ħ¶̨תϴָָڴߵոֻһһͷʱ㻹ûлá
û˵꣬ܽ̾ʹӴЩǱǼĽɫȹħЦɿػ·
һ߶̲ס˵ôźҹŮûϵ𣿡
ûϵΪȽżħ¶̨ƮһʼǵߣѾסˣûκɧң˵λʱ򣬻˹¸л㣬Է
ɱǻ񣬺ҹŮڸ᲻ΪֱӾͰթ˯ħɱô׵ؿߣӦҲǼ֮˵ԭ򡣡
֮ǰȻвǣҲô鷳ܵ΢һ£ҪҲĵ졣
УʱѾͺЭ飬˵ҪϣӻصҲûõġ
ܽ·ʮźس̾˿ûüſھ㣬׼ŶҪˣ
ɡܽдЦ⣬ЩεҡҡͷȶױֱƣҲһսҷװ磬Ŵ쿪ʼѾܼ˰ɡ
ӦȵطܽѾ·Щ㵣һΪ϶Ȼ·ҲѾ𣿡
ܽε̾˿ħˡ
Ѿɴ۾ʲôħ˸㻻ģ
ܽ˹ȥ죺ǣħ˴һģ
¶̨ϵĴħޱؿǡ
ȡȼѵذԼܽȳЩ˵ǡͷɡ
ħӱһ
ȰܽԼϵĽᳶƯĺᣬŰױ̨ǰ
ܽٿͷϰһһװνƬԲεĴСԲԺһԴ⻷Ů£ָ߹󣬵ǡ
ȣʵ̫ˣҲ̫ˡ
Լ㡣Ⱥ飬ܵŮˣô֧ŲԴôƬأ
ܽ죬ԼȻ޴ӷħǰֻЦһ
ܽԹĿ⿴˹ȥȣ㻹ûӡ
ţȻˡЩ󣬡Ҫʲô
ٺ١ܽٵһЦħ֮ǰһס
ȾħڵأٰܽסԴֳùıӣһħĺɫ
Ҳͷɡ
ħܽǰĵذϣ㱳ҲѸܵеŭ⣺ܽ١£ǲ̫ˡ
ӵ֣΢΢Ѿ֪ħħħ֮
㰡ôħû
ܽٸûܵԼõĲģʮֵЦǵģûƽ̫ңұ޷ģҲʳ
ħҪ߷߻ͷٰܽסԴ벻ҪҶӰ͵ģ
ȣħϲʲôأ崿Ļ޵ĻǡҪܰħˣ
ħԼͷҲ׷˲䣬ſˢ˵˴̨ϡ
ڴ̨ϣ˦Լϲ˿˵ɣĥĥġ
ȡάҪŵĶ¶ΪѵЦݣǸվһˣܾøոյչãҲĴǡ
һ鷳
ܽɤӣţôˣ
ε̯̯֣޷ǾЩϸ߹Ĺ壬Ǿùλ̳̫ʣԿʼˡ
ܶ˶ƲԸϯһεĻ飬ĴǵǶˡ
ҾͲµˡܽ̾˿ȺһһûΣգͻῪʼִ£ͼԼøġ桯
ôħԸĻóɣ
Ȼܽ¶ЦҪ鷳һˣгƲĹ壬Ĳһ˶ĻǾȥλҽɡ
Сļһõ˶ûˣҲ޷ΪϣЩʲôˣջҵľλɡ
Ŷ¶Ц̾һ䣬ǾŮ緶ܽСԺ󶼴𣿡
ҴԹǡܽҺıȨλҲûʲôʹǺɫҲõʲôЧģпŮʵ
ʱȰͷʱ򣬰ˣꡣ˲£Ҳÿðǻ۵ĲƸȥƽǿ԰Ȼȹ졣
ȳ˳ǣھðϣǹˡ
ͰȡܽЦ
Ҳ¶Ц⣬뿪ǰָ˵Щʱֱħ
ܽͷֱԴͷͻģ
ܽٱֱԴ

ȵ¼λŮױϣŵسڹеʱĹ嶼Ѿˡ
Щ붼Ҫȴ֪Ϊ˸Ǹʱ䡣
ܽٻһȦȵ˵ѽҲ˵ܶ˶ôһ˲䶼𣿡
󲿷ֹ嶼¶˸ŭԵı顣
ܽ΢Ц°ͣҲûб˼һ¡
ƽôͻôҺЩûдꡣҲκ˻вϣǵİȫԵģǿɱҵĺȡ
Ҳʲô档
̬ض֮ϣ˰¡
һ类ôʱ䣬һŽأ˭֪ܽѹû˵Ļᡣ
ܽĿûн鿴ŵ棬ֳֿ̬ȣӦʱ˰ɣ


104 ҹŮ
뿪ĹǸ߷߲ƽ, ŭ˴˵ʲô˼Щϼ  涼ڵϲ𣿡
Ǹ츳˰, ˵ôϵλ岻أ
, ţҼȥſɲ֪ж٣
Ƿ߷̸߽йŭ𣬺Ȼ˱ײһ, ԷҪйŭ, ȴȻɯױ˫ۡ
ɯ°ͣ, Сһ㡣
˵·ǡ
ԷһϲµҭȴҲҳԷ
ǡڴЦ
ԷһҵĹһ˲ƽˣ㿴ǸſѾͷпĵҲ֪Դʲôҩҿһǹ󶼸ûˣ
˹ҵİ, ӦǸλã
ڴЦѽѽ, ԭôңֻȴе벻ˡ壬ǵ˭𣿡
幧ػش𣺡Ǹ޹ؽҪС壬ˡ֮ǰڿĵҵľƻ, ˵İҾȻøŮ˵, Ҳûˡ
ŶЦЦشһۣλأСһ㰡ˡ
ֵԽ, ֮˲, Цһ, ʲô⣬ֶʮԺ󶼲ˣ
ȡεɤӣѸٹ˳š
ԹؿһۣôӶħִôͲһأ
壺

ڣܽ˸λŻͷħȥҹŮɣѵȷô󹦷Ҵãö˿
ħЦһðɣǾҼŮòɡ
Ťͷ򴰿ڣһӰħǰȥˡ
ûãһɫӰһ˲еĹâѹһ㰵̧ۣܽɫ糣ħǸҵ𣿡
Ʋ֡ħ°ͣһҲص潲˱˵˵ҹΪ˷ɢԼڵĵطͻ᲻ϱӵеʴԨ
ɢĺҲ޷ԼıܣһӶ൱鷳
ԣһֱѡȺӡҹŮ¶Σīĳȹϸᷢȹڵķƺǲϱ仯ġޱϲ˫ۣ·վڵkǰĲǻˣһׯµŮ
ܽٲɵҲΣֱͦţϵЦ⣬ڳһϵŮ̬
ħЦһɤӣ֮ǰ˵Ҫթֹͣ𣿲ɣûթôʶûС
ڶ˹ҹŮɫ䣬
һӰȹһհݣ֫ձӪԳΣħüͷܽǰ
ҹŮУ΢΢ҡͷľѾǷˣͨļãõģά
ħĳһ̫õغһι״ŵɵѾͷ
ܽգգۡ
֮ڶ˹ĵ̧ͷһۣĸײûҪЩֻҰæһطҿˡ鷳Բ뵽˽
Ŷħ
ҹŮ񿪿ڣǱ޶⡣
ħʾòˣֻûж⣬ĺǿɶʡġ
ǡҹŮͷҹ޷Υҹ־ҵʾþ˵ʾãһõġ
ֻޱңͷ
ħɫЩԥܽ٣Ǹ鷳Ѿͷţ
̫ʹŮˣ˵ҪúýѵСеƶۡܽ¶˼˵׵ڸ´ȫ̫ĹâŲ˯ǿҲҪ˯Ļ׵櫵᲻ͣ
ŶҹŮ۵סؿڡ
ħص˵ͷȷʵ˵ѵˣҲǲԣթ䣬ıŮͻ֪ˡ
ҹŮ˿΢΢ͷѵ¶һ¡
ϣܹҵĺסԨ֪ѾΪԨˣάҿ
֮ԵģԸħԼϣǵŮƳ
ħûӦ
ݵ˼֮ҡͷС
˰ߣķ棬ǸʵĵطҸɽֺˡ
֪ҹŮ΢΢ۣܿڳ˵ģȫڵͫǸ׵İ֮Զߡ
ħ΢΢ۣšüͷô֪
ҹŮΪ񡣡
ΪҲҵãʵҲûӵȨҲҵĺӡؼһλoеģƹ顣
ںڰΧĵģ֤˸׵Ҳ֤ĵʱӦո׵ѪҺɳɳģҽˡ
һѪҺյԤͻԶʧҹŮڵͫǰݣǸ飬ǸḸ׵ŮǸ簮ӵĸףԨЩѪҺ
ֻǻԵɺϣάҲ˴Ԩһֻϣҵĺǣһ԰ߵľ
ܽɫ΢Ťͷħû뵽ħҲЩ
ħ룬ЩѪҺѪҺΪԨˡķչЩѪҺܿסԨΪڤܹ֮ԨĻԶûʲôԨʴôˣ
ħһЦһԨû⣬㡭
ҹŮۣǸ飬Ҳĸһеĺۼǰʧ
󲢲ƣʵܴħΣͼá
ܽüëħȻվ
¶Ц⣺ħ˰Ԩָһ룬Ҫסȥõõҵͬ⡣
ҹŮɫ΢ɴݣôأ
˵ʲôáˡܽٲηĿ⣬ĵЦЦħѽǿǳõĶͽһ㶼ġ
ԭӦӵԨֹʧȥģҲӦ鷳δǰҲ¡֪Լոյ֮ʱʲô֪Լá
ħع¶˼ɫ
ϸ룬һֶʼںҹܽپӸµؿ鷳ԨڴϵġûԨɲǰԨҲᱻȾ
Ҳ̵ĺӣֻΪҹŮ£ʲôأ˵ҪЧҡʲôûУҪصĽأ
ϵЦºͣ˵Ļȴһ㲻档
ҹŮ΢΢̧ۣϿϲŭһʱ佩
ħ°˵е
ôҲù׵ҪҪǵġãиʺǵĹ


105 
ڱӲ۹߾İż, ˵˵׻ϲΪŮ֮ġȻص㣬˵ڼСĦ, õλǻĴݵżʹ˵ܹ߱İϣŮ, Ŀơ
ܽ۾һǾȥ
ǡǡħ˰֣Ůܵ߾ȥܵģ, Ҵ¡, ȥһ˰ɡ
ҹŮԥһ, ջ΢΢ͷһĹ齵ΪȡԨĳ롣
ħ¶ЦҲһҪ齵ɱҲԡ
ҹŮ΢΢ҡ
ڹʹ֮䲻, Ҳûһλ䡪Ͼǲϲġ
Ϊ֣ҲЩϰߣἰһλ
ʱıˡ
˱, ʧĴڡ
һ뿪ܽٵۿɼɿЩ˵ƲƲ죺Ĳȥ𣿡
СħԥؾܾЦܽٵ, Ůô𣿡
Ҳû, װһϵΨҶģҲͦ˼ģһǾøһȥԸ˼
۰Ͱ͵ؿħƺһ¡
ħĿ⿴ͷһʶְס۾, üëûõ, ô, Ҳȥġ
ܽһѰסֿ飺ûõĻͱ氡ѵҪҵ̫𣡡
ħúЦܽٵԴˣԹӦЩ˵ļһɣ˵㲻ɲС
Һܿͻġ
˵һ£ЩԥٴοڣûкܿԸдš
ܽһʱûзӦÿ͹ȥ𣿡
֮顣ħЩŤ˵Ȼҵһҳˡ
ҼǵáܽС˵ҳ
ħص˵ͷ
ɿܽ۾֣׼ǰȥλ鷳

˳ҹŮҲƺҪȥԨӣǷӳʮֵŬѲԵ׷ء
ħûʲô֡
ͷܿͶħͰϣŮЧҡ
ħΪǴԨĴţúҹŮһҰ˽ȥǣһʧЧԨĴҲû򿪣ʱ͵Լ취ˡ
һУ˵ħӦûȥˣȻͰһվǽͷҵȣǲ̡
̲ס࿴ۣʲôȥĵط𣿡
ҲûСħһӡ
һ˼ԼϵĳۣôǲȥڰɣϹͷڶʵЩסˡ
šħҲǷҪ⣬ֻڵܽٵż
˵һ˱ôûидţ
ħڻԱߣڷŲȥΣ̲סѯʣǸƺЩգʲôܰæģһҪ
𣿡ħȥԵЩΡ
ֱͦţŶ벻ҪСңô˵Ҳ곤ôپ顭
˵һ룬Ȼס죬ɫ΢ؿħ
ˣλȻǸˣʵȴ޾顣
ħҲô˼㰮𣿡
ŶŶǡ˹ɰͰ͵Ӧ䣬û뵽ôһˣᱻ˶ͷʳ⡣
ħɫ棬ƺҲȤҲػش𣺡ҳʮԺ󣬾ͺٿǰˣҵҲøҵļˣͬҲҵΡ
Ǹ˹ļҲǼһѡģʵǸȻҵʱӦҲġȻ֪ôģ룬һʱ䣬󲿷ӦҲǿֵİɡ
ӵ˵ϲһøһЩҲ𽥿ͬʱһһȥҵӡ
Ѿȥܶˡ֣ŵʱǵĸҲ˵϶ôŨңȥԺżãٴδܰƽҸ
ǸЦЦϾҲô˰
ħû˵°Ϳע⵽ָϣһָȥʱһԡ

ֱ̫ħŻص
û֪ͨκˣԼȻܽٵĴ̨ǰ߷ߵ룬ԼһҪݺһ¡
ȻûŲͿܽ÷֮飬˱ʡ
ħɫһĴ̨ϣ׼ż
ħϣôû
ħβͻ˻Σðɣġ
͵͵ܽڳ߿ˡ˵߻û֮ǰã´Ⱦ̫ӽߺ˴룬ǿҪʵǺܲ񻰡
ҿʵͦģһЩĳʳٱĵطӿﷴܳԵ˷ʳأ´ǻƽ·ȥɣ
ħ˼żҲôӦһҪ󣬾ʹȥɣ
ȻйҪҽܽǡӢ
ħˢرɫ
ŷʶһŶǸˣŰˣҪͰ͵ؿҼã֪ʱûۡ
Ϊҵû治װ
ħ۾Ҫû֪֮Ļһ㡣
ܽٵıʶ˶٣⣬ħߡ
°֪ͣûʲôдˣڿдһ
ħ͸ķ϶ɫרעšüͷ޳ָ˻Σԥٴʡ
ħһķǣܽд£
ħϣԶ
ڴ̨ϣ¶óѵЦŵβת˸Ȧܽپȿ˵Ӧʡ
ܽϲãȻŷӦħ˵ʲôǵģˣ
ħĿ޶ãѾдˣΥԡҾͰҵǽϣ
ߣ˵Ҹñҵǽϰ˰ˡܽĹĵߵߣ鷳ôôòŻ
ûСħû˵ΪڵţŹĥĥ䵽ڣֻ˵ΪڿǣҪʲô
ţܽЩ󣬡ʲôѾһˣ˽ǡβҲ𣿡
ħβͽһ
»˵ħֹûܾ̾˹ָָҡ
ܽٹԹԵص˹ȥ
ħЦҲҪʲô
ɡܽٲ̫ȷʣҪʲôأ
ħָصʹĿ⣬ԨĺָۼܽٿԼָһС֡
ɴ۾дʲô
ħ򴽣Ưؽɫͫע̫ƽ֮£ֻʣ͡
ħ
ħЦЦĿȴķӦ㲻Ҫһͻʧˡ
ܽһ֣߬ʣŻԶʧأ
ħ¶Ц⣬΢΢̧°֮ͣʣ˳ŽڵĺʲôԶʧ
ܽٵԽļ򣬿̨֦ѾϳһƬҶ׵櫸߹֦ͷ᳤һƬҶǴ켴عźš
ٰܽͷħĻ룬Ӧûħһʲôָأ
ǡŮİˡãǡҵħء
ڴ̨ĵƻǽ£Ĵ֦ͷõδǰ


106 ⡤ϣ
̫͸˿ս, 赲Ѿôۣܽٻ΢΢ë۾
Ժ۾, Ӵ, һֻ޳԰׵ֱۣһѰ̻˻
ܽε֣Ϻãħ, ˡ
Ħɳɳ, ħܽ§, ۾û˵˯һ
ܽ¶ҸεЦ춼
ħǵϣ˵û
ܽٱĺˣ淭˸, ħֱסȴϼвɲаħ, ҪҳŶ
ħȻܵһΣУûüܽѾһѾסβ͡
顱һħ, Լβͷٺ, ˲ֵ˴ˡ
ܽȻ˸΢Цſħ޽ƵɲУÿĹӦ壬ҲĵĹ
ħ߷ߵ˦˦Լβ, ܽٵױ̨һ, ָҰ㲦ܽٵͷ, ܽбۿҵͷϴᣬҲֻͷŮ鷳ѡ
ʱŮŽǶѾڵĳֲˣ׷׶ˣħ¶˺Ͱ΢Ц
ħջ֣˼ӣȥܽٵָ
ָƽûָħĴ¶Ρħ
ħְԼָķһҫչ¶Լָϵġҵħ
ŮѾʮϰôһˣЩ곤Ů¶º͵Ц⣺Ľħˣ϶һ޶ģ𣿡
Ȼħص˵ͷ
ѽǡŮ¶۵飬ħ°¶Ц⡣
ܽ̾˿ôŻὥεġ
˵ʲôءŮ¶Цݣħ˵Ĳ𣿡
ȡܽٲ˼ӣת˻⣬ҵúȺ鷳Ĺ˰⳶һ죬ħ˴ȥʲô
ħ۴⣺ȥ̫񡣡
ţܽЩ󣬡ô뵽ͻȻȥ
顣ħ˵
ۣܽµش
ħ˶Сش𣺡һ̫
ܽһʮ˽ı飺в𣿡
ħŲߡ
ܽεҡҡͷվˣҪȥˣǵöԷѵϵ顣УŽҵĸĸҪˣ㡭
ħԹԵͷһǰġ
ܽĿӴ̨뿪ЩεЦôˣħϰߴӴ̨
ѾһƬ޵Ĵɫû̫͸ͨˣҲҧĴװһ߶ɫһչԼˡ
̲ܽסЦϾǻƽ֮ǰϣǰ۲Ƹʱжǰ档
ԭӾǴڽķռ䣬ҲȵĳģԼŮŮƺһˡ
̱ʯħ峣פӵеսǹһûĹҶ´࣬˵ֻǶԸȺˡ˿׵ڣӾܷĴŷǰ
˵Ѿвٹ飬ܽһӾľλˡȻλĽͰһ㶼ڷռϽУŮĸֻǸССӾô˵Ⱥүе㲻ζ
ܽپøһλҲǺģȻʹôҲ񰢶ϣϵ壬ӵڲͬˡ
ӾƺλǺܸȤʲôŮһҵĶ㣬ڿʲô嶼òˡ
ܽһڴźǵĻ棬һЩ
ϾԶ̱ʯ죬ƽﶼżŻǲ˲ûнģħ
ƺҲдţҲ֪ﶼдЩʲô

ӾķһˣƺƵſڡ
Ӿ̲ססͷ󼸲·˵ߣЩŵ˵װģôʱˣ
·Ҳ΢΢̽ͷż־̾Ÿչ죬Ѿô˳ˡԭ˵صЩƲסڿСǵŮء
⵱ȻǵĴȷʵԭࡣ
Ϊǳ߶ӵǣκò֮󱬷˸˾ȵ־еΪ˳Ｏص·ѣеΪ׬仧ıǮ׷ó˸Եա
һʱ䣬㼯ȫصĹСԡӶٳ̶Զǵɱȡ
Ӿ˵ԴǿҵŮ٣Ҿ֪СͲһ㣡
˵úҵŮһ·ֵصһۣˣҲ̫⣬ڲ֪ж˶ܽأǿɲܸ鷳
ӾҲ㣬΢΢˵ͷ
ڴؿŽǰ֪ܽٺȶôˣûгߡûг֣ûбļҵĻСƭġ
·ڴЦһһ˿⡣
Ӿ֪֪ģܽٺλİ£Ҳĸ׵͵͵ҹ˺üᡣӾǸ鷳ļһԷ϶ҲΪ᲻Ů߶߶ʲôġ
Ҫ߶ģһһ߶
·˴Ůڻ˵ɡ
ܽٺħȴǣܽԼȥſӭӵģţʱͻݱһȺ
ܽپԼĸĸҲϲųġ
Ͳһˣܽǵʱ¶ôãҪúϢʹһףΪɣֻԼˡ
Ĵڱƿ紺ķڣ˾һ񣬻Ӿ˵شһܽ٣ȣҵСǣ
ϤĴɤ̲ܽסЦȾֱӶˣѾλһԳ˹ȥְ֣
ŶӾſ˫ֽסתȦֻڷǲɫط˷Լϻ̲סԹСѾͷöഩ㣡СĶ壡
ȻûüԼѾ̫Ĵ͸º䣬·Ѿ΢Цǰһİס΢ЦҡͷֲСˣЩǶ֪ġֻôůͲŴ˵㣬ȥʱᴩ׵ġ
ӾҲû϶Ťͷܽ٣ſ˫ۣܽٴº͵Ц⣬ȹһ񣬲Сһ˽Ļ
ŶӾ̲ס¶ԺɫҵĹѾ˲ŮˣŶԣǵڶ˲Ůˡ
ܽüëڳŮļƣŶ˭Ҹ˲أ
Ӿʮϱ׾һ񣬼üŪ۵˵Ȼȫ½˲ĸף
һ˹Цһš
ܽٻعͷħħյߣԹԵǰŵЩˣҲûб򣬹⿴Ǹĺڷꡣ
·˿ȣĿѯʣλ𣿡
ҲĿش𣺡ûû
ֻлӾһ˲ԣԼƺЩ죬Ϥϣ
ӾЩͷԣ˵òôڵˣĻһӡģֻϤ벻˭ֻԺвʾΣʶû̿ڡ
ħɨ˻ӾһۣӾ͵طӦˡԨѹȸУǸܽߵħֲֻϤȴ벻ûħòֻǵѹȸУ
ѽӢ·۶⣬ƵƵͷɱ㸸ʱӢˡ
Լҷ˵ĻӾͷϻһ亹죺ǣ⡭
ܽħħǵÿԼϰೣʶޱؿӾһס
ˡһӾǰֱͦͦع


107 ⡤У
˽һ, ·ۼֿŰǿάϵ΢Цѽ㸸ǲúö, һ, һˣ
װģ°ɡ
ӾҲɵЦ, , ԡ, ģҸո΢һˡ
ħֹջûҳֶϵĲ豭
ħ, һۻ·ˣٴοڣĸס
·˸߲ҵӦˡ
ۡӾһڲ˳ɫŵ̧ͷŵؿԼ, ʾ㻹Ӧ
·ֻ᲻Ůޣļ򣺡ŮҪҪԼļͥŶ
ӾŤͷϴЦݵܽ٣йԹ˵ʲôĺڷħ, Լܵ
ײܹ, ԼŮΪһ츳˵ħʦȻҪʼŮ˰ϣŮϢҪŮ߸ϵħҲ
Դ죬ֻάľ΢Ц, Լغֽ顣
·˫ð⣺˵һֱûа, ֪, һڵɣҰɣһ²ٰ÷⣬㶼㶪ģ
ܽû뵽Ȼչˣһͣû񰡡
ֳչһ
ħһĪؿ˿ǣΪʲôǿƺܲ˼飬ѾܽصԼ÷˼֤ǵĽˡ
οŮĻһҪЩ鷳Ĺ壬ܽٺ鲻Ȥ
㣡һƽ˾Ȼȣһᣬż˵ܲ찡֪Щ壬ﶼ˵ħǡ
һ£û˵ȥ
Ӿɴ۾ˢվһһ£
˵Ŀˢˢ䵽ϣӾָħ㡢˵ħ
ôҲ֪ħ
װġ·̾˿ҺܱǸһֱ㣬ڲ˵ʱ򡣡
·ݷذλܽߵ˴ƫƧ
·ĿȣʾԼ˵Ļ˵꣬˿˵㣬ƽ⣬Ѿдԣ˵ħǡȻŮħˡ
ܽǣǣǣֻƺҲΪصħ˵
ȻȵĻû˵꣬ǺЩͰ͵˵ǻ˵ħġġг衣
ȣܽٲ㱻ԼĿˮǺ
Ŷ·Ҳ̲סס˴̾˿ɲаܽ٣ô㰮˱ء
ܽ΢΢ͷ˵öԣĸס
·һΪı뷨ȴû뵽ܽٽ˵ʹħЩڱļһҲֻ˵ƾֶλãʹ˱ġ
Ҫı˳˵˼ٰһ񣬶˵ļһ֪ڮħʲôۡ
ôһ˲䣬·˺ȶλߵѹЩ˵
ܽٺܿƣº͵Цſȣллңȡ
ֻץץԴ
Щյ룬ԼԭҪĲĽ
Ⱥͻ·˿ܴԭǴŲٰչֵģû뵽λѹϡ
ܽٿһۣ뻹ûǣôԶûãħȫü
һֱŲͼ͵ĻӾǻԺûʲôĻ⣬ĲԵ˿
򵥵֮ñһ·ĻӾͷǰȥϢȻҪ·ȥһ˯
ܽٻǻҪһŸٰ飬Ҳûֹֻ΢ЦſԶ
˸ŤͷħȻڱ˵ħĻȺﱻ߻˵ĹǣһӲôҪֳ
ħע⵽ߣŤͷôˣ
ܽ΢΢ҡͷһ⣺ֻû뵽׻ôȣոչȥʱҶסˡ
ħӣԥҪҪĸҲѡеʹߣǱ֮Ҳĸҵġƺ˶ԷһףǸǴӸȥԨĳħϰġϾԨҲûʲôɵó
ǸԭȻǸͨĿףΪԨﱻȾҲմȾ˵ԨϢԸһ໹ǺƵġ
ħ񣬱ܽǣ˷䣬ȻֹԹԱ˱ŷ˸ǺȻӦ˹㿴ܽ١
ֹܽţû˼ѵĻʱһԷҲŲӻҪȺ鷳Ĺ򽻵ء
šħȾ˵Ц⡣
ܽ߰˵㣺ҡ
סħָָϿ϶ԷʱѾԶԼˡ
ҵĵף˵ף޹ؽҪҲŲҪΪЩԼϲ顣
ҡܽ˽룬ɵķ簡ΪŮҪϣħҲһǣס
ҪٱȱκζˡҪԶɣԶԼ
ħչ¶ʵģĦܽٵͷЦš
̲סںڰšüͷȺڰнļһѾÿ갵ѵˣôǴļ˶
֪ܽٵԸϣǿΪ˱ҪӦЩ壬ٰƺҲļ˿ġ
ħյüȻ뵽ʲôƯĽɫͫתһȦ˵Ҫǰһɡ
̧ܽͷڿħЦʱȻʲôһ˿˵
ٵģŪǡħЦ˦˦βͣ㲻һֱȥҲУֵıΧס𣿡
ħ壬ļһĴȥ˵üʮ죬֮ܿŴˣڿ֮ǰľӦûǣǿͨӽͷ䵽β˾죬Ҳû˻²ŮԼĽϣħܵ
ܽٱ˵ȻĶЩԥǡĻҪΪϣǵˣ׵Ĺҡ
ҵŮܸһȨ𣿡ħɫͫ˸Ц͹âӵÿ˯Ȩ𣿡
ܽٱЦݻ񣬹ԹԵصͷȻԡ
ħһ㣬Ĵ˵һܹʱҵŮ𣿡
̲ܽסЦ˫ֱס۾һǣ˵ôҵĻʲôҶӦġ
ǾͺˡħЦ⣬ס֣ҿŮΪħĸ۵ĹңҾͰ
ܽٽӻôҵǽ𣿡
ɲСħҡҡͷֻŮ²ʸԹϳǽ
Ҿÿǳ˯Ű˴ᵽ㳡룬ôҶλļһ˯ʱʲô
ħüë̲ܽסڱЦ
ӦЩʮ־µĳͷˡ


108 ⡤£
ƻȻҪЭ, ˼ƻĿĬ˰Σ¶һοεı顣
һɤӣṩЭǡ˽֮ǰҷһ¸ԡ
ȣҷǳжǻΪԷǵ, Ҳǳοħܹժгñ, Ϊˡ
ħޱŤͷܽ٣ҿ𣿡
ְܽԴһ̰ɣһҪæء
ħ߷ߵض³
¶޼ɵЦݣУ˵˿¡ס, շ˵˵, ҵŮ, ҲӦóƺΪ
ħЦһϲ
ۿ˺޲õܽ̾˿һסǣˡѡһԿ׵Ľɫ, ˽Щħˣ˭ȽϺأ
ʼ磺ǲе, ҵó˳ӦǵˡҶȺħ˽⡭
˵˵ųĬĬʱе㳤ܽ㷲
ص̾˿ҪȻǩɣҾȺһԸҲǡ
ܽٶ˶üëܾԼƺʲô̫׵ľȷؿڣȻħôʵĻ, æ
ħĬһ, ʣ˭
ܽ°ͿʼǣȰѺҹŮһһǼƽûᶼҪңҪǰħŮ, ˵һʼֱڴʹ½ҿսˡ
Ů񡭡׵櫵Ǻ, ҪӵƺҲ̫ʡ
̫񡭡Ǽһ۱ʲô, һħô붼˾ò̫Ծ
ҽҩ֮񡭡ƺ벻ޣǸӰȻֻæܾùȥ
Դаһ飬ܽٳʹر۾ҪͳǩɣûµģҪˣʢĵΪά棬ǿʲôԾҲװûġ
ħôض˶򣺡ʵڲеʱȥǵļȫȻпܱɵӣҿǱҲô
ôùֽţˢˢдһȺǿǺʵħ֣ׯµصݸǣǩɡ
ħ̧֣зɳ֡
˿Ӧûɡ
ܽüëǲְֻĳǩô͸һɻᱩ¶Ĳ𣿡
ôء¶Цݣܽٵļ򣬡Ϊ
ڶ죬·˸һ𴲾͵õܽԸٰϢزѻӾĺ޶
Ҳڶ𾪵ϵһԳǵķ䣬Ż·˷ɿȥʱҵҲ̫ˣ裬ǹͬЭʱˣ
·˶־һûȣҪֻ֪죬ҲȫЧȺŹ˵ĹǶʶһ£̱ʯĹ
ȸսȭͷһӣѵصŮĿЩѵõŮһаٵͽ뾡ǲǰɣ裡
˻͵͵鿴ĻӾһ㱼ãص˸Žսս¡
Ӿľ˾ԼСӣ̲סֹѵֻһ˾úħɻе𣿡
վħʱܽϵЦݣǸ˿ܽרעģ̲סץץԴ
̾˿Э˵ˣ˾ͺá
һתħ˲ʧȥ˼á
ħ˵ͷ
ӾϽֹȻǽСס̲סϥǷ֣¶Ц㻹ǽһӾɡ
ħԴ˼ݸһꪡ
ûнӹӾ̲סð⣺⡢ǡ
Ĵ֮˾סƺƿش󺣣
ħ˵ͷǸ׼Ӻȣ˵ӺҪģܽ˵ϲղرҲϲǹСʱҲԲġ
ٺ٣ӾźꪣЦøϲ£죬ƺһ˲˶ħĿ־壬Ŵϲá
ħ˿ı飬Ӧ˼ӣŲԶĻ·˹ȥ
ѽħˡ·˻عͷŮ罫ϵ˲ô飬ãʽ
ħֱⲻܿһ˿ڣ׼˸
ѽ·˾ϲЦαô鷳أѾ
ħݸһ澵ӡ
ǣ·˽ӹһװβ̫ȴ˴ĵʥһ澵ӣžеԼ·˲¶º͵Цݡ
ħ͵ľӣܰױ̨ϣܵһħ
ôأ·ʶ̧ͷҲϵĻϲ
ħӦҲģ֣ϲķʽǧٹ֡
ٹĿʢԼУװͬʢװĹŮֱÿһʯ嶼͸¶ϲա
ڵĹǿʼ½볡Ⱥͻ·ٴУÿһһʧ
ʱⳡλ˹ѾȻƽ·ȥַǷ
ܽٿԼЩΣ˵۾ĺڷ꣬ɤӣȣĪǸôأ
ħһ˿Ц⣬ͬ˸ı䣬һͷ̷Ӷ磬һѳܽ˵ţܽС㣬ƺԼӽеȴӳԵĿʼɣ
ܽ΢΢С飺ûе£
˻ȥС̯ǰǰ֣ȫصչ¶Լա
һ⣬Ĵظʢݡ
ܽٺشܣħǲǺƽЩһ
ǵȻ
ħûпڣѾӹ˻ͷָָԼ̯ǰŵĺ첼۳ɵĲɵЦ֪𣿽ܽŮħ˽ĺѽ
ҼҹҵĲǱҲǱ߹˷塪˵ϰס֮ȻǽڳҶںһףأ
ܽپȵصɴ۾Ҷһף
ذǸݸǣǵģҲֻн죬С£һݶһݣ
λ˱ϣǰβϣܹԶҸȥ
пһ䡣
ܽٶͷİ˵ףƣһʱƺе޴롣΢΢Բ۾Сллл
˳û壺˵ôõӣҪҪûŮħһˣ
ǰһˣм尡
٣Ҫ飬ݿɾ˰
ħȻԼű߱ˣһͷһԹؿѹðô˸ף飬ǻ͵ܳ棬ǻǵŬ𣿡
ףǲѾ˰ɣǺӶˣ
⺢ӿɰ
ʲôһ𾪣˭ġ
ħ¶˶Цݣһޣװģĺ󱳣ŶֱŤˣǸ𣿰ְֶиס
ƴֿΧЦϡ
ܽվȺ΢΢¶ЦƽǺ͹ǶթԼ紫е飬ֿŮˡ
ԭǱô˰ŵģΪ˱̱ʯƽŬѧϰģڣҪˡ
ܽٵͷҧ˿Ǹ⣬ŻŬӶħ룬ĻʵƺҲǲ顣
켸Ҳ


109 ⡤ʮ
, ֪ƶ񤵽󲿷˶Բĵطǻ̵ʥ, Ŧ򳤴ĵط
ʱ򻹲Ŧ, ŵ߰꣬ˡɭһ֡ԭ˸ܵܣ˵𡰱ȶҵĶӡ, Ϊ˷, ˸֡
Ǽĳ, һãһոճĵܵܡǼҺʹѾιԭеˣĸĸƺҲôȥ
ǸֺеĻ, żܴӲ֪ŪǮ¶Ƕϡĸ׿˽ϴ·һʳеʱҲɲ˻, Ŧ
ĸҲΪܸɶ佱͸ľľǿǼŲοľƴϣŴͷ, ãȻؿſڡ
Ŧżͣʱڿʲô, δҵĸףǲ֪ʱ
ΨһᷢµãǸ֪˼͵СѾͷÿŦߣѧϴ·Ķ, һҪɵЦš
ŦΪԼͻһֱȥ, ٳһ, ͿȥæһЩĻҲµǮȥѧͽѧһգ⣬ﶼùһЩ
ͻ۳һá
ֱһ죬ĸѵûкȵĻһŦãĸ״еĵܵܣżæŵǰǻ̵Ľá
һ˲ԵظǶ֪ǻ̵ѧͽ
һڲһͨһǮѡеĺӴӴԺạ̊́ҪգӴ˸ߡ
ŦһӲʹ֪ǲһᱻѡϣǲߵãŤͷĸһۡ
ϲûʲôģҲйʲôĺ壬ûĲ
ͨˡ
λԵЩĵĽʿڿһ˲;ϲ翴ʲôϡ䱦ĸĸʮҡ
ʮҡ
ϵĴ󲿷ˣһӶĽǮĿ
ŦãȻػعͷʮҡһ˲䣬ĸ˹⡣
ԭ˫ʧȥϣ۾ҲǿԱǮġ
Ŧۣ֪ԼʲôζûгԼǰ
ĸ׺ȻһסŦ򣬺Ȼ⡣ţҪҲҪʮˣҪҵĺӣ
Ŧ⧲ưܵζ;òùζһı·ҲûбĸôŦͷһãȻ޴ص
衭
һ˲ĸױһ赽˵ϣĸܻƿڴ޲ٶϼš
ĸϣʰıŦǰ̴̻ʧɫˡ
ۿǸ˱˾룬ŦϳҭĸףвԸŴãһᣬȴǿ˵Ҹߡ
һʮң裬ʮң뿪ɡ뿪ףԼźȥ
̾ʧ̧ͷֽŦ򣺡ûô죬ûô졭
ŦеĻҭ˺ڣ԰ԼļƻʮңȫԿʼµ
Ǹ˲Ȼˡû컻ʮңһٸңûжԻȥ
Ⱥֿһλͺܷϡ¸ء׼˳Ŧ˺̴ˡ
̴վŦߣͷһý̻տһģƽһ
Ŧۣľص˵ͷ
̴˴̻ߣĳظӵ㹻ǻۣһĿѣЩΪǿ󡣡
⣬СС͵ŦһЩ޷ȡ
Զƶķ죬Ϊɭȶʥϴʹʶ·ϴЩͼĳĹΪ߹ĺӣΪŦ򡱶
ܴվס˽ŸΪľԺݶòһˣʦҪһˡˡ
ǻ޾֪ʶʱãʴȵˡ
Խ࣬һҲȻѿΪʲô֪ʶָЩڣǻ̵λǺ֪ʶˣƺŽ̹棬װ֪ʶ̸ͨˡ
ЩôҲҲܶ˶ܻȥܹϺӡ
ĵ׵ĳ䣬Ҳÿαڱֵʮҵġ֪ĸףȻ̶ˣĵðôһ㲻
飬ֻܾԼܣԼĴǣǻ̹̽ķΧڣһߺ͸߸ϵĹһ߾ܵذЩǡ
ܽĻƽ֮ƺһȻͬĵ·
ܽ٣̱ʯŮη¸ңĪ˾óϣʱ˳ӿֻһҶСҲ˶
һϣһֹаƭ֣ȻþΥʹ졣
ܴǸ˼ܵıߣһԼעȲ̫ˣһǲһĸŬ
ܽ١µʱżѵһʼ֪Լʲô𣿷ôܹߵôηôԥ
㲻֪δηҲᾡŬ˫ϸֱļ򣬷·ܹ̹ȻΪеδ
ΪŮվϰϣǵĶ㣬ܹսδ֮սܹ֮±סˡ
ûΪŮ졣

ܽŮλ֮ս֮Ѹٴ˺죬ϣǾˮˮ߾߶Խ
ܽٺԸһʱҲҲʲôʵĽڡ
ս֮ҲûȫȺսҲݣս֮޷ӵϯ½սԼµ￪սһпģѪѻĴ
Ⱥܿ쾭ģӣһлͳȥܿս֮ҪûԼսϷˡ
𰲶Ϣһս²ǵʺʿս֮Ҫ
ս֮񲻴͵õħԿìͷ׼˳ոհӲ۹
ʧȥвҲ֧Ӳ۹ǸûͨңλǻƺҲô߱ɱ൱غͰϣǽˣԼ͵Ʒó˰ʻȡħıӻ
֪ս֮Լ⣬ǻû˿뷨ɴسϣԮ
˵ܽٸ˵ڴϴ˸üֲסôħֻܴǰӲ۹ʨճǡ
ս֮ܿյһս飬ϣŮܽ٣ʮŵԴ˵ֻ֣ʿģ֤ܴս֮仨ˮ
עԼʮҡ
ս֮񲢲ΪʲôҪʮңŶҲƵһַʽ
̹Ȼƣһֱս
û뵽ԼĻսܡ
ãȻؿԼľĴӴܣûеֿرӲ۹Ͱϣǵձ࣬˵ǱܣǺԥͶ˶ԷĻ
ħչܽվ˵оǰ
ս֮ٴУվЦһôǵĶע𣿡
ħһۣҲż
ȡ߶ע֮ǰһҪ֪ôġܽЦӻһЩͰ͵ľᣬŪ㶶˶ᣬ˵֪Ŧʬǵʱҵ
һǻȫ֪֮ۡ
һ
ս֮Ŀžϣž᣿
ԣģ˺Ķս׫дӮļƻ顣ܽ΢΢üëһǵãƺΪǺܴҾ֤һ¡
㻹Ķ֡Ҳò˵һȼ֮񣬷ţһҺܶ鷳İɣ
ܣս֮ʶжԸҵķʱֺαҪ
ӵƵļƻ飬ֻôУ㻹սⳡսһʼע˽̧ۣ֡ܽԼ˻⻹𣿡
ļƻʲôս֮ǲİ㿪ڣңļƻ
ܽչ˾᣺һָս֮ľӡս޲ʤľĵֻóûսָҲֻһȺç򡣡
ڶжǵ·Ҫԥк˵Ļᡣ
Ǹǰ·ɢ·ֻἤȺͽԣǼ·ѡûָӵǷ֪塭
ս֮ͷһս֣һƺŦԤϣʲôˡ
ôءܽ˾ᣬӸµؿս֮񣬡Ǹ˰ɣ
ս֮Ĭã΢΢ͷҳϡ
ˡܽٵ
ս֮۾һȻſشЦǾɱҰɣܹսϣܹսϸҲҵԸ
ڽĹΪȥս
һѳеĳħӵϣħ̧̧ۣХķдָӶͨи޷ֵս֮еĳӦѣзɹĲѪͷڿз
ܽٴۣѪҲǺɫġ
ڵϵս֮ͷͻȻ۾ЦѪҲǺɫģѵǺһ𣡡
࣬նͷ­ȴ޷նǿķ֣֮Ұܸǿħûǵͷûˣ
ְɣɱңά
ܽٿȻֱͷ壬Ѿڵͷ­΢΢ҡҡͷͺúü֤ɡ
ľ֮ǰ⸱ģҲܻŰɣúÿŰɣ߰飬ʱ
ս֮ɴ۾߷·Ǹ꣬Ļ
ܽͷǰ£͵ػع
ܽٳ֣ʮңȻͷߡ
ս֮񣺡
ƺ˼ʵҪʮҡ
ܽõ˽ңܿħһʧƬսǳ˺һƬԵ
һС
ǵʱӹһٵĺͽǣŦʬԺѡĵطˮԶɽǸĵطˡ
ķǰѾһֵĹƺдüʫƪ˷֪ĹϿ̵ʲô
ܽǵһӵϼ˸С֦ûħͽĹǰһССĿӡ
ħûҪʲôֻǰһ֡
ܽٻЩ۵ͷˡ
ħ֣ͣŤͷƺɻӦʲô
ܽЦЦǴս֮ӮõʮȥȻѸոڳ˻ȥ
ڿ˲ȣȷѾƽٴ¶Ц
ŦĹʮҰˣԶˣҵѡ
ħͷ˻ʣô죿
ҪҪæһССķӡ󣬵ܽҡҡͷ
˶Ǿ͵ǻ۵Ŧɣ
ſհ׵ĹЩԥħˣһûõĹдʲô
Ŧǻ̸֣ʱ򣬵ϣԼ˭أ
ħվ࣬ûлشֻǲ
ܽٳĬ˺һ¶˾ģ̧֣Ԫؾۼָ⣬ŦĹϿ֣Ȼվ
עһһ𣺡ټѡ
תƵسȥ
ħ࣬Ȼۿɼؽض˶򣺡㡢ôˣ
ܽٳ˳ӣֲ̧˲Լᡣ
ħŵó򶼽ӲˣһʱȻ֪ԼӦҪֻ쵽һԼڴƺ
æҵͳݹȥܽȴûнӣͣ˽Ųվԭأ޼ɵغޡ
벻ҪҡܽứҵĨһѣҭҭؽͣ˵һн֮ǲſΪȥͬ龡ᡣ
أǻѾˣս֮Ҳõ˳ͷڡڿԿˡ
ħض˶šüͷ̧ĵһ᣺㻹Ҫ޶أ
ܽӣ߳ƬΪֹҡһġ
ħЦûϵģҲôϸ񡣡
֮㻹Ҫ͵͵޵ʱ򣬾ҵĳұ֤˭Ҳῴ˭Ҳ֪

û֪ŦȥǸҹЩʲô
Ͻ̼ܣǶ˷·𽥳ͷֻע޵ҹա
룬Ȼ޷ˡ
һȻ͵ס˲ϵĿסս֮ĻѾĽ֣ս֮ޡ
ûĹŪ顣
ʿȻʧֽűͷȣͷ̡
ŦòһԸĿźѪĭһԤԣսˣ

Ĳ֪Ĺڿ֣дšﰲǻ۶ꡣ


110 ⡤䣨ϣ
Ĵ, ԭͷˣԳơ񡱵Ĳ̺ܿ챻ƷһλСϵ˺ճ, Ӯһһս, İ£Ⱥܿˣ˷ս
ֱԳơ񡱵ĺ˴, λ˲Գơ֮ӡ, ųԼĺľЩԳơ񡱵ļһֻһȺðƵĺ, ŭǽԼ񣬲ŽͣԼǰȥַǡ
һʼһŽɣҲʮ, ϾҶ֪û, ųƱǻԵñȽơ
ܿǾͷ֣ս޲ʤġڡ֮ӡǰʧȥ, ƬҲԭ, ֻվǱˣ硭кڳ
ڡ֮ӡİ£Ⱥϵµ, ڡˡѾռ, ֻ, ˵ݶ˽Сˡ
ԭˡǰˣһδսܣȻʧȥӰ˵ǱˣҲ˵ǲĺʹԣԼβˡ
һƬͣ˵ĹϣĸףдϣƴӿĲѾƽϢԶȥӿԹˡ
˳㻹ܽŮħǰȥͣ˵Ҳλ֮ӡ˼Ҫٰʢĺ䣬Ϊ˱ƽ꣬صǡ
ܽٷţ°˵֮ӡǺѡ𣿡
ħҡҡͷǡ
ܽЩȣޱ˵Ǻ񡣡
ܽ٣
ħЩͷ۵ԴĲȷ̫ˣɱԭľԼԪˣԼԳװԼľ
ǸԭġҲõģӵ˵ϣҲȥ
ܽٿżϵġˡȻû뵽ҲλħܺϵϾֵƺ
ܽ°ͿǣҪҪȥأҺûм󺣡ȺһҵģҿǼᵣˤϲӣҸôŮ
ħЦǣһ䴩˲ŮˡȥĻҿ͵͵ȥ
ܽ٣΢΢˳ʾ
ܽЦסΪŻᱻȺһ˵ȻҲĻħģ
Ǹ˵ħΣյۣҾ÷Ԫذҹȥǵıӣ
ܽٹЦ
ʱϣӾҲ˵ԼĺϢһȥ˵͡
˫ֱȻţǼҵĺô󡪡
һ󺣰һûмأ
ϣӼһԺػӶ˫֣к㰡ô󡪡
ȵһô󰡣
ϣӸӸˣǼҵĵôŶ½رҲûر󣬵ȺѾĵˣϾǵǾ
̲ס󣺡˵ĵ
ϣ¶΢ЦɣȣҲһȥһúдģ
ЩȻĶҲûشһ֪ȥȥ
ңԵЩʧ䣬ʹһȥˣҲٷֱˡϣõˣһԶ̱ʯ죬ƽȴǵŮãһңԶľ˵ȴӵ˾㵵ĲƸ
ĳ̶ֳ˵ǵƣǲô
Ҫ˵ʲôȻȹ͵س˳һ£ôˣ
¶⸱ʧӿǲ
ҧгݣܽٺħ˵ûң
ҾҲġħˢسϴĳݺʹȰˣôˣ˰ɣ
ܽӿܵķ̽ͷЩȵءסһȣϣҲѽ
һۿƺ̫ˣϣڳѸٷӦ˹Ҫ뿪ˣеʧ䡣
˵̱ʯʱȲû̫ҪõͬѣһԺѷֱ
ܽ¶º͵Ц⣺һȥ˵أҲһȥɣ
ϣ۾һ̫ˣ
ҲԵʮָˣ̲סģû𣿰Ĺ¡
żһҲûϵġܽٳ˼۾ȻĿļ򣬡пڣһˣһҲܺܺõشģ
ŭغһвȣ
֪ΪʲôҪˡ
ĵǣ󺣰˼һҲûм󺣰˻ҪȥС
ܽ¶鷳ˡ
ۼ鹥ҲãŭҧһģǻԺǾͻ֣ᷢѾǿ˶ȹӣ
ܽЩգգۣΪʲô
˼һ֣ΪҸ飬ɰҲܴĿʵ̫ˣ紩ȹӣɰҲƨ¶
Խ˵ԽСؿһۿꡣ
ŭؿ飺Ǵ·ƨɶ˰ΪʲôԼһ㣡
͡ħûסЦ
ܽһ֣˵÷ɯǰҿצϵϵòǼ˼ƯװΡ
ͷŤһߡ
̺ɵŵҪģ꣬һҲһʮòʵõװεģ
ȥ˵֪˵ķ׺ǺܲһҲǵķװҾµˣ
ɵ۾
ܽٺ˵˻ûŰѿøˣΪѴӦȥ˵ڼ䣬æʲôòĽ¼ħ崫ݡ
öҪһ棬̲ܽסЦſħܾħҲԽԽϰڰϣǵˡ
ԭǻǾά˵òģħиʱӶǣڳæǣżбĿСħĳ档
һʼ˲СɧңƺѾܹˡ
һֱȽصħ壬÷ɯѾȫҡڵرħˡ
šħҲ¶οǻҲ÷ģ΢΢ͷӦǻҳԾ
ܽٹ⿴˿ħüë
ܽЩǳػعͷյ˵ħˣȺϣӣǲǡ
ħšüͷһ̫ȷ˵Ѱɣ
̫ˣ棬츳ˡ
ܽٵı齩һ˲䣬ǰԶħûбʱȾѾᶨ׼ǽమδ
ܽӿ飬С˵ֻǾпһĻҾ͸˵ĹȥϾȿܻĶӹߡ
ҪŰɡħ飬ȥϷͰ£ֻҲڵס
ܽȻ𾴣ħˣҲҵͷ԰
ħЩض˶ϻҪ˵ûУֻ롣
ܽٻȥȣøΪɣħһ˶ŮĴ̣ȥȼһϡ
ܽپԼŲ̫óԼۣܿͱȿˡһˢһڴ˫ֲʮ˵ңȡ£һС鰮С˵֪䰮鴫˵Ů˰飬ô˻ͶԷֻǸѣ
ܽᵹڴϣСֹϾҲûʶܾá
ŵָҡҡҵĻιһ£һõģ
Һĥĥ䣬ҪĽɲһŶ
ȹµܽ棬ٺЦ
ܽٿ飺ҵʱһҪ׼λҪ׼Ӧֺ񡭡ƽӣҲһ¾͹ˣ
ĻԵЩ㣬ãƿɲ䡣
Ŷ¶Цݣ˵һ¾ħ𣿡
ܽٺȻĴ˿
Ȳԣôˣ
ܽٻҡͷԼԴ˵Ϊոô˵Ҷǲħڸ͵ص˵ֻӵġ
ȹЦڴϴ¶۵Цݣ˵ŶϾħֻҪҲ
ȡܽأ˵ϲˣɲҪΪ߾ʹ
ϣλȥӦþͲٻذϣˡ
ȷʵеѹֹ䣬ֻΪҪ뿪ˣеѹϣǼһﻹǸСأҸҴģڣǼһ⵵£Ϲϵ
˵ĵ̲ܽסЦ
ȳ°Ͱ̾һҲһӵӺŵġԸֳɿչ˵ĺ˰
ܽͷ˼šһʱ֮Ҳ벻ʲôõѡ
¿ûżҪԵֵġյػ˻ȣżŮǳ˵ҲһûͰɡ
ȡܽٵͷЦ
㡪Ȱ˹ǲڳЦҵŮ£
ûе£ôأܽʸڷϣֻڹ࣬ҲûڸסЦ⡣
ߣȻСҵŮģŤһţܽٹЦġ
ŲԶ䴫Цħ߷ߵóͷ鵽˵ϡ


111 ⡤䣨У
ڵ, ܽһ˳߳
˵ǽˣʵܽŮԵرʾԼҪȥ棬˭ȰáĳʲôҪɵĴ¼, ѡ, ɯסĵ׵¡룬Լ
׵Ȼ, Ҳܽ˾λ, æ¡
ܽٵĻ˵, СʱѧôۣܵϵôȻϧ
Դ˰׵±ʾһ㶼ϧСʱʵҲûлʱ, ѧҲǺ档
ܽŮ͵ѧҲúúŬ
֮, ǿӲذѹӸԺܽٴħȣԼȲؼϣӳš
ܽԭҲ˴Ů񣬵ɿؾܾ, ˵֮ĸ嶼, һ뿪ؾͻἫ䲻
̫ҲԴȱȱҲûŸ׵櫣ڷʦˡǼ䷿, װһ񴺼Ů̽ɫʲ
ܽҲ֪̲ʲôõ, ̫ϲͺ, ԼǾ͸ˣϾԼõľױŮûͷ
ܽΪ̱ʯӣûҲû
һĴҶˣȺǰװʲôŵŮӣƯıͫ⣬ʲôʡ
ϣӵָһ޼ʵĺƽ˵ɣ
ȸ̾ѽ
ٰܽźһ޵ı飬Ҳŵͷѽ
ħЦؿһûӣ޴ȥķ磬Ȼ󺣣ֻĴζû˼
ȸ̾ԭ룬ϣôõѧǰ׽ˣݴ󺣾Ȼֻ˵һô󡣵ȵĿˣžԴһʱĴʣֻС󡯡
ϣӲ˼ͷ󺣺ܴģѧûѧҲġ
ȲŭǵģҶصظ˽ڣ㵹˳̨°
ϣӲԣֻɵЦȶ񲹹ѧʵõĶ²¶Ц治ٲ͵Լʲô
ܽٸһЦ
Ǳͣһʹܽٲ̫ȷǲǵģΪأƺʲôûУ̫ϣŮ档
뷨һðܽپصͷǱȺɶĹͬ˰ôһֻʲôأɵϣӾ֪ˣصľ˵ǲһף
Ȼ𽥽ӽСŷƺô£ҴϲʲôװζûУײĳˮ߻˺еĲ״̫棬кܽԶʱûп
ħ
һҴ¾Ǹ͵ħߣĹĹûֵڵʴ˵Ǻľϲħߡ
ӭǣҵѣӭ֮ţװһһڴԱ˼ȵĿ˶Ǻſ˫֣ӵһͷɫͷЦˬʶ˾׽֪ǲܽٵĴԼħʱƺԵø顣
ߣټ˾ĪϤܽŤͷħ̽ʣ֮ӡ٣
Ǻ
ħ΢΢˵ͷ
ǣϣȻǸ͵ǰһǴšˡַˡˡġ񡯵ġ֮ӡ𣡡
ܽ٣
ô˾㵵ĳƺŰǰܽٶãħ֮Ȳʲô̫ŹֵĳƺˣϾħħҲħǸ׼дʵɡ
֪ƫĵ֪ʲôطȥ˵ܽ٣˴ûԼ¶ݣҲò𴩣ֻ֪
ݵġ֮ӡն٣ʮظǽԼıܷʽϣ֮ͬ
𣡺òģħ
Φ𣡺ľͷģħ
𣡡
ܽʮַܵص˵ͷ֪֪ˣľͷģħ
ħһʱֹܽı飬ܽٲԵգգۡ
ûħǽʵն΢΢ҡҡͷø˷ܣҵĴƤǼħģֻҪϣǴ͵ȺײǺװǵдڵ
۶ķˣƷҵĴ
ȡħɤӣޱԣ
ն˲ɴ۾֪طԼո˵ĻƺƷɣһ˵ԼҡסУֻһʱڿ죡֣
ħܽ٣Ժһ˵𴬵ʱ򣬱ӻûû˵ġ
ܽͷ
ħ⸱ֹɵģ̲סģʱħ̬ܽһܿȻ˦β͡
ħܽߣѹ˵ĺ棬Ҳû£졣
նĵؿһۡ
ܽ°ͣλ˼ֺøУȻʶãɢʺϺʹŮ̫ѵϢ
ĴǺĴһŴȥȻոջһ˷ܵȣڴһ˲䣬ԼϳԵʳͳͳ͸˴󺣡
Ŷĺӡն¶ҲǴ󺣵Ĳп֮еһʼ֣ڴȥ
ܽһ߰˳һεҡͷ
ϣͷվߣŶһֹӻúܶ࣬˵żҲģϴĺӡ
Ǻնһ޵ı
ܽ٣
ֻǲֲʲô֢֮ȺܲܲҪ¶ôı飿
ͷܿ˺˵ʮɣ಻ĵһ˲ΪѾ˺Ķ԰һء
ϣѾ˷ܵػִһԺȵļ򣺡ѽȣѾˣǱ߾ҵļңι
ߴ͸ԶԶشȥܽ˶ҲԶԶشһӦ͡
ۺ᣺̫ˣѾ²ʲôˣŻ
ܽٵǵصһˮ
ϣӸ˷ܣֱӺؿϴϣһӣǣȥ̽·
Ȼ˻ûзӦһͨһ˴Ӷ˫۳ź˹ȥ
ŶǴжӦӵеķ緶նٸ̾һ䣬Ȼؼ٣ʹԽŬӾϣӣȵִ˾˵
׳꣬ļߴľ˵ſ˫ۣŶڴѾõǣҵĺţϣأ
ʧɫܽʾ԰ָָ꣬ĺ򣺡ո˴̫ûмˣе㼤һӦþιˡ
ЦɵСӣǺǰһģһˣߣȥȾƣ
ܽٲ֪ӦȶԾ˵Լӵķ̬ȾȣȶǾȻͿʼȾƸϵȡ
ףԶĿ˻ûгԷҪڶȵ㶫
һº͵еܽû뵽˵˵ôº͵һʱҲеԾ
˵ҲǸˣģ͹Լڴεϣƺмơ
ܽգգ۾ɵʣλǡ
ԷǰһɫĶ̷оЦºͣټϾ˵һĸߴģλ񣺡μ棬Ƿᣬ˵һӡ
ܽŷӦƺϵһμλӣӻо˰ϣǡ
ʵҵĴӣϹǺϣһеĺˣǾôһҲûôϸӰƶȣϣԶǲҪ⣬
żܷǵҲúܷɡܽ¶ƵЦûǶеĸԡ
ע⵽ûʲôȣŲ΢΢һ٣Ȼݳһӡ
һ£Ե̧ͷ
¶º͵Ц⣺ǲδ֮ǰ͵һֱ½ϣ᲻˲Ӧ󺣣Կӣܿͻõġ
ֱ㶵ؿԹԵӡ
Сĵ㣬еᡣ
ȵ˲Ťһš
ȡ̲סЦһɿֹסЦ⣬ͷ˵Ǹ
һԵħȻͣ˽ŲŤͷ˵ˡ
˳Ļͷɿˮϣӣһ˦ͷһſ˫۳˹
˵δĶӣ̲סۿ죬ȻһȭҵԴϣϣӴʹУûӵģ˻ؾô̲סҪӾ𣡡
໣ˣҴ˸ףϣԴ¡֮ţô죬һĴҿ϶εñÿ찡
ܽ٣
Ǹµĸ
ܽٺȻע⵽ȵ쳣ӸոտʼеֻͣΪһ·ϣӳ֣˶Żͷֻһ˻ɵضԭķ
ܽ˳Ŀ⿴˹ȥǷӡ
ܽٺȻĳԤУߣһļ򣺡ȣ㡭
Ѿһץס֣Ŀ㣬ӵӺŵġԸֳɿչ˵ĺˣ
ǰ
ܽ٣
׼ƺͳȥˣȻΪϣ
˵ȥ㳡ǵʱƺѾʼַǷᣬڻ죬ƴͰͰذĸߴľ˵Ǹ߾ʳĳĺУѸһûĺи͡
ߺߵһ߷һŭһĴȣ˵ȿٿʼȺô˻ûȺˣ
һǿѵĸߴվش𣺡ˣǣ˹Ƶģ
˸͵԰ǸˣǷ͵ľƺȡ
һţڼ䣬˶ǵĿˣʲô͵͵ģ
ðɡѸٸĿڣǺöƣǣΪʲôȣ˵ѵǹŵζ˵СƨȻôǰܲȡộ
ǣ̾Ҫȱ˭ľ
ȻأƺƴƵĽ˭Ӯˣ
˿ЦָָԶȺܼ𡢱ˡŵģȫȵģںȣ
Ŀɿڴһ˦ϰµ硪óΪ˼ܽҲʢװģ첽ȺȥһȺְѺȵһѡӳȥһ˶Էǰڵ˵þ
ȱȣ
ܽ٣
ϣ̴ܹȥף㵹
ȻְԼһȭͷ
̾˿εشϴǸ⣺Ǹ˾ԸϣҪ⡭
ûϵܽЦ˵˾˺Ⱥ˼̳ԾʼĹֱͺȷʵʧ
նȻƴƱȽϸȤȺһѣչȥ󺰣˻ϣ
һԵʵܽЩ棬쳤˲ӿ˿ħͷʾǲǸࡣ
̩̹񡣡
ܽ٣
ڵ״ǣʼ̩̹ں͵ƺȱԼĺץ˸ţܲǰƴƣſԼһԺ˺Զ
ܽٵŹâô죬ͦ˼ģ
ȡܽϴֵЦݣݵħʵʵҶǱߵıƴҲеȤ
Щ⣬Ҳ̴վͷôҴλȥ
ܽϵЦݸЩ˵Ͱվ˵Ĺأһصɵա
ʱ̫鷳չһ¡
Եͷ뽻Ұɡ
ܽٳȷֻܰ͡ﵽˡȻԡʣµĽʦɡ񣬽طͷж
ȻȻ곤ߵƣº͵ȣС㣬Ҵӳû뿪Ƭ󺣣ʵЩ氢ϣǸʲôĵطУϣѧϰʲô
ȿյüʱӦÿһϣ˵ĹϵҲΥĵ˵ϣѧжá
ɤӣϣӡŬ
ϣǺʹ󺣵ĺȷʵͬлᣬһҪȥ
¶Ҳϣܹȥ
ȲɵЩ棺Ϊʲôѡϣϣأ
ñϣλӸܹӦ
ЦһΪʱΪ˵ѾΣڵϦΪ磬ôõܵء
սѾƽϢˡ¶΢ЦȫԺһȥϣǣѧϰѧϰһУ
⡭⶯
⣺һͬģҰϣǺ;˵ѺõĻ飬ཻѧϰҲǺ飡
ǣѾ̩̹ſ˵ĹҡҡڰڵĲµһԼλ˵ʲôҺҪȥ
΢΢ͷǵģףҴȥϣѧϰ
ȵһӾ᲻᲻ͬ⣿Ͼǹĳӣ˵δļ̳ˣ÷뿪ƺҲǺܺ顭
һ֣Ǿȥɣ
ôʱ򣬻ڲ֪ĸϸ˴أ˵˵¶ɫʱϵԼһ˵ҪԼһȾ˵ǿʢĵ죬֡
һˣһûУչƨ˺ϻܣʲôҲûѧᣡ
ȱֺᾭˣãȻգգۣðϣǸƽͨĺõط


112 ⡤䣨£
ܽһʼֻǼװƴ,ʵĿעǱߵܿͱƴƵߡ
̩̹ضͷһƣЦƾǣȵ,һϰɣ
ܽŤŤͷ,ʵڲΪʲôܺȾô˼,ӲΧķ˾˼񶼾ʮ˼
һ̩̹棬ЦһǾƴһ
Χ
֮ӡ,ն١,һͰģ߰һ࣬ܽûǵȾ,ЦյħߣСħˣ˵˭Ӯ
ħĬؿĿϼ΢,̾˿ôء
ܽħСɵϡĬŶΧ˵̫,ͱǵ˼άˡ˵ҲǻᴫȾģ
ΧôһȺʱ
ܽ,С˵ûƴơ
ħͷܽһ̹ȻȻ,ħƸϲģ̫ʹŮҲԾûʲôȤ޶һСƨòȱҲ
ô,һʱûȾҲҲʲô˵
ħ˽ˣӣ̲סǣ̲סҪ˵ʲôǱߵ̩̹ѾһŲӣһͰ
񲻸ʾһϣҲҪҲ
̩̹ţˮǱߺԾƽͷ̲ܽסܾ̾ƴƶһ֡
ߡħЦһҲȲܱȳʲôҲͿ˭Ļ࣬㡣
ħôһ˵ܽٿжλͲһˣǺˣķӦˡûݼǾ͡
ܽٴ̲סЦ⡣
ۿųеλ񴵱ӵۣͨѾ԰һ֣˭ҲȲ˭ԭأħ̾˿ְɡ
̩̹ͬʱ˹
ħüֲַʤ˷ʳ
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ܽ죬ȻЩףЩĺˣǾ㲻ҲźЩʲô
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Բûü͵ϵĹ˵仰ֱ̩̹˵ֱƻֳ˳ħ
˾˵ʢֹܽľ˵˵ҲǺȾƣҪطأ
˵Լͷղһɣɫʳ;˵ҲܲһԺúó
ܽٵ˵ͷȥһЩȤʳȻ󼷵ħߣҪǻƴƴʲô»
ħ̩̹ͺ񣬵ȱȱֱܽٹ΢˵㾫
ܽٺشչȥôˣħˣ˰ɣ
ôܡ̩̹һ֣ȻĿɿڴؿħԴһᣬܽٵļϡ
ۣϵı飬סܽٵݹĹӣ˵ţе㣬Ρ
㶵ؿħһȻһ˿ͣһ˲ˣҲѧس毺õ￿ȥҲеΡ
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ħһֻۣƮƮ˵꣬ǻɱģС㣬ҿס
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̩̹һץԴһŤͷȥĹһյҡͷⲻаɣҪǿȥøѹˡ
첲ӲһԶŴĳǿȺ˵ӵģų˳˳Լ׳ֱۡ
Χ˸߲ҵ壺ȥȥ

̩̹֪ȸ˼ٺȸˣȫ鲻õĺۼڼװϳŲɵĸ
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ܽЩ棺һȥģ
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Ȼˬغ绹Ǵ׷ĶСһСǰ
ѴħԺ󣬺ֲ˯ˣֱ֧۳ԴЦܽ٣٣С֪ΪʲôҲϲά𣿡
ܽٺؿħһۣħסĶ䣬һǺ˵
ȻĻܽٵĶЦΪάǰĺ˾ƣҲ㰲ȫͻؼң
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̩̹ȻҲлҪϴκȾƣʱ򶼱أ
ܽٳ˳ǣʣĻ𣿡
ľƵȻСҡͷԣǿԼԼԼ
ܽٲ̫ܹŤͷħ
ħɫ˶ƺЩΪѣ˵뿴𣿡
ܽһˡ

ȵܽŴѾ֮󣬺䶼Ѿβһ죬Ƶİ﹤Ƕ˳ֵղʼļ졣
ܽȴȥˡ
Ѿ¶˾Ҫȥϣǽѧ⼸Ѿʰ˶
ܽٺҸǵĸչΣϧĿ֮£Ҳûҵ̫õĻᡣ
Ƚյźţصգգۡ
ϴʱ򣬷ػһѣ¶Ц⣬Ȼڷӿķܽ˿͡
ܽٷֱһ£˵ƺǣ㣬Űɣһ£٣
ܽ°֪ͣΪʲôܾеư
ܽ٣ħֵؿ
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ԶԣذͷŤһߣһߵؿܽ١
ܽһ߾ԼΪƺɣһ̲סͷЦ
ħĿƽʱǰװûпܽٵС΢΢Ķ䣬õؿҪƮ
չιάβ¶ˣʲôأ˦ôģ
ħһβ˲ʧޱػعͷȥʲôط֪ҵĿ¡


113 ⡤̫봺ϣ
Ůúܲʹ,Ҫԭ̫ԭܽٺħڣ̫廹ȥܽߴԼľױŮͣҪѾûô,˾˺ױŮͷֿҲУǸױŮҲ˿ùۡ
̫,ù۵ھ,ſҪۣܽϴʾܾ
ȥ˺⣬׵ûȥ,ϾǴ֮ĸŮ,һ˫أ;òġÿգŵ¶ٵܰġ
ԭ,סҲ˲
֮ħܽһ뿪̫ɧŵִ٣ֻû¾ܡ
Ů񶼲ɵú,ԼǲҲӦøȥ˫ضùӦĴ
׵̲סһ̫̾˿,ҪҸɡ
ţ̫ƺΪʲôͻȻô˵εҡҡͷ,̫ӦÿһվµˣҲܶĸôƫġ
Ǿ,Ҫǿûʲô¸ɡ׵ҡҡͷû𣿡
Ŷ̫˵סԼ࣬ϵĹâһ˲,ôô˵أ׵櫣ǲ𣿡
׵ûзϣʮšüͷû𣿡
̫ĬΣѵؿڣá
׵̾˿̫û˵㷴˼һԼɡ
ˣʲôģ
Ŷ̫ѸٴӴﷴӦܽٲڣȥҲֻǸˣҾױŮͺ̫Ϊˣûͷ
׵Ӷûתһ£䵭ػش𣺡ûС
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׵̾˿Э㿪ڣô˵ˣЧô㶼ҪԹԻȥ
õģ̫ڴӦЦü䡣
׵ķ˿һΪʲôʲôʱЦôģҡҡͷܾԼһһҪ̾
ץץ̫ķ˿Դϵͷץ̫һۣһ̲סʣ㲻𣿡
׵һ٣ʣҪ𣿡
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ħܽ٣һⲻʵģ׵ʵʣΪʲô
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׵櫵Ķ˶٣ҪסҲΪ𣿡
ԣܷ̫ݣ̫Ը׵Լİʮָˡ
׵櫸㲻ϻͷûգΪڸǱൽͷ̫ͷϲͷէһȻмҰС
̫ҿԼȻҵòķͶŵס
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ħһ䡰˼һ˵ʹչʾԼ͡
һߣܽŤͷ˵ҾûǲܸױŮͣҪˣÿ컻ͣÿ춼ҫһ飿
ħɷнµص˵ͷеǾš
̫ȫ֪ԼľױŮԶˣڻʹһΣϧ⼸ҶѾ⡰ޡͣûзָ̫Ŀ⡣
ֱҵȡ
һ˹ƵĿǡ
̫û⣬˦˦Լͷ׵櫸ġ
ȵ񼸾任ڻǴĳĴ飬˵ŶԭֻеıһΪʲô̼
ţ̫šüͷ
ļһ˵ģûϵģ㿴ħҲҽúõһأ׵飬ҲҲлġ
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ҿɲôƭġˣ֤𣿡
̫ȻûУȴ˵ͷ
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ȰȥԼ鷿
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̫˵
ⱾǵİǴӺöԷǸȤŮˡʼģȰݸ֪ΪʲôĪרҵ
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ڶ죬̫һûϢõٴȵ鷿Ĺâ˲١
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̫Լһ̧֣ٴλԣƣۿɼʧˣ¶ЦΪ˼̲סˣ㻹µ𣿡
ȻȽָԼһ飬ôأƼһ
ܣһȻͻȻʲô͵תͷ԰ǲȫΪʲô㿴Ȿ鰡
̫ҲŸ֪գգۣŻľ飬ȻɫأȣˣҿǰܿҾҪΪˡ
οļ򣺡ӵ
̫յüͷôôҸôء
°ͣһ֣ǾƼⱾ
ɿһǣԵ׷ָϡ̫һۣЩȵüëʣΪʲôǲ
Ǳ顣ʮ˽⣬ԴӽֱӴӲΪŮ֮󣬡ڴＸϣĴʡ
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׵ԭ鲻ΪԴܽǴӺ߻Ժ̫Ѿкüûйˡ
ֻܽٺħܿˣȫûзϡ
ֱܽæ̫Ϊʲô
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ڵ˶Щ⣬̫ȳ׵櫣ôˣ
׵ؿһۣΪ鷳
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׵櫡̫ȻؿڶԷãȻɫʣðң֪֪
׵櫳Ĭ˰Σȭͷ
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뵽λӲӵƽƺֻš˺ױŮ̲ͣססࡣ
̫ҡҡͷ׵櫣ôˣܽƺҵݣûи
ءӣ˲ڵᣬһΪػ̫ء㣡
׵櫾ôѹԼеϵвǺܻᰲοˣǰΣͼתעʣʲô飿
ذݸȥɡ
׵櫿˶ıĬܾòǺӡ
̾˿ⱾǲģΪϲģڡûа취ٿˣζ̫ء
׵ֻذӹ
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һһǣԵ׷ָϡһһҳֿ̫˼뿪ȵ鷿
׵櫻صԼĽ̻ᣬԭǴⱾ鶪һԵģʹģ˹
ȻͰⱾ鿴ˡ
ȵڶ죬̫һӲӵ̾˿ڵȿһܴ̼ܲܰȥ飿
׵ֻĿĵؿ
ֵ̫ؿ˿ԼûΪ׵櫵ĿʲôԣվȫλչʾһԼ壺ôˣ뿴ʲô
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̫ٴסࣺŶ׵櫣˺ѵģ
׵ҡҡͷù飺һ㻹ģҾҲѧųһˡױŮͣҲԼҵɣҹҪš
̫Щ֣ȥʲô
׵ûϣǵһƶķ죬ƺ˵⣬һֱֲܽϣҰæ
ԭҾͻ˹ҵóȻ֣ܽٵҲڸطæˡ
̫Щɣ˼һ֮ſڣ㡭࣬ĺ𣿡
ֻĹ۲ߡ
綼׹ˣʲôá׵һĪؿżҲӸɣΪʲôԼϣǵľ񿴿
̫ʣԺܸʲô
׵ššüͷ飺Ҫһȥ쿴̫գ᳤ܻøá
ʱҲҲԼõ̫ͷӦ

󣬸׵櫴̫һ˷죬˵֪ԼֳλӦʮָˣ˿̿ˣȴЩ֡
׵ûж룬˵ȥǵء
ǸʧɫŻס˸׵櫣˺ü֣С˵ֳˡ
ţ׵һ
˵̫΢΢°ͣǰΪֲÿɶ㲻˰գѵ˵ƭ˵ģ
Цʱɫ䵭ϴȻѹЩ˵Ĺ嶼ЩȽŷ¡
ǵģǾûƭλǣ˸ֵŮˣ˵ǵˣȻκˡ
׵üͷһȥ
Ҳӣǲ͵ۿλĴˣС˵ȻֶιŹֵ֣Ůףûˣλܲܡ
ΪǸֵŮ飬Щ¡
׵ѾԶԶǱߵӰ漴һŹֵؿŮףĸס
ɴ۾λŮʿŤͷ˿Ǳ߲ԶͬҲʮŮˣɰͰ͵˵ǡᡭ
׵ҡҡͷ첽ȥһĸף
֮ĸ̧ͷƺЩ⣬һ˲¶º͵ЦŸ׵ſ˫֣ҵĺӣþò
׵櫷ɱȥͶĻ¶˰ĵ΢Цôᵽ˵Ըϣ𡭡
ȡ֮ĸԼıӣŽμأ̲סҡҡͷұǴƬɽֵģǡ·ϣǵʱ򣬿ʵ̲סˡ
ǵģȻѵŪӣһûкúϣ
ΧΪĻ׷¶顣
׵ҡҡͷಢ˶ֵ֪ص֪ʶȥҵľ壬˹ҵĵؿͻᷢǺúҡҴǵ֪ʶ
𡣡֮ĸ΢΢¶Цݣͺá
һеĸԴؾֳʳ˻ȥӵжôǿԺӽµء
׵櫵ͷͬܽҲôģҳأ裬㡭ҪҪһȥ
ǿһæϣǵأһǰǲԸйཻ綼׹ˣǻԻһʽ
֮ĸĬƺЩĶ


114 ⡤̫£
ܽ˵׵櫳ȥһ,˷أ˳һ֮ĸʱ򣬶Щ
ͷħ֮ĸ˵𣿡
ħ°ͣš
ô,ܽ־ò
ħһۣͷ֮ͣ,ҲǸرļһ
ܽһԼΪֹ,Ͽҵ˵ҾôҶرġ
ħЦһǵһõ顣
಻̫һʵǰԼȨɢ
׵ĵһӣҲһĳ,Լļ塣ҹŮ,׼ȷ˵ѧŴԼĺӡ
ܽٳ°ͣ˼ҲǸļһ
Ϊʲôħµؽӻ
ܽЦۣΪ׵櫿ϲԼļˡ
ǺҹŮֵļͥĻ׵ֲôɵһᱻ۸,ϲԼļˣҲû۸Ҳ¡֮ĸһӦöǲļһ
ħûʲôνس°ͣô,ҲٰܽƵģ¸׵櫵ϣҲ಻

,Եм͡
֮ĸԼɢӲľ,߹ʯש϶ϸСĲѿ
һڵĺ̺˺ɫ,̲ܽס˶üë
һԵĿѾ̲סսȭͷְܽס侲㣬С,С¡
شӱ˿
֮ĸ֪ʲôư̧°ͣ߰Ŀ䵽ܽϣ࣬ǷľҪҳҲ븶Ĵۣ𣿡
׵һֹ˿Լĸףֿ˿ܽ٣ᡣ
̫΢΢ҡͷʾ⾲䡣
֪ûУû졣
ܽٿŴ֮ĸӣҲŰڳŮļƣʣðɣĴ֮ĸҪҡҪϣǣĴأ
ԣ֮ĸڣҪϣǵء
ܽɫһݣûüȻܾĺ䣺֡
ܽϵȻʧ٣ȡ֮ǼãȻʶħħգգۣ˵Ҹ˵Ǹֵ飬˭Ҳ²ʲô
ܽٳһ£᲻̫鷳ˣ
֮ĸüͷ壺㲻Ӧ
ҲǲӦܽεЦд֮ĸæĻϣǵũҵɾͲˣһ˵æҪһЩʲô
ħ̧ۣ˼ǣֳʳҪ١
֮ĸƺû뵽ôʣƫͷ׵櫣һѣʣҪٰ
׵櫸ãȻҰ
֮ĸΣ˽Ƚ˽⣬˵ҪٱȽϺá
׵櫳ɣҪٰɣҵľ㹻ˣҲʳ档
Ҳǡ֮ĸʮͬص˵ͷ
׵ܽٶ̲סס˶ͷǰװռ˰ǲǰװæ𣿡
Ȼƽװæ֮ĸֵؿҪֹЩ޴ôķƻء
ܽ˵ϻˣڴ֪׵ֵԸ񵽵˭ˡҡҡͷ㿴ħ
ħյ˼ˣţ׵ĺ˫ҪȻﰢϣֵأôǾ͵ø㱨ꡣ
㲻ҪʳҲȥԼҪĶ
֮ĸ¶ƶǶı飬ֱӦö˵Ǽ£Эص˵ͷ
ܽ˿ոնһԼƭСɵϵھΡ飺ôæ˶ٲҾ͸һ룬Σ
֮ĸٴο׵櫣׵ӲͷƤ˵ͷŻͷñ߰æһ¡
֮ĸ¶οЦݣ˲𣬸׵櫣ųôãЩöˡ
ܽ٣ȲȶԺǵʱָľ
ǶǺֵأһʼõ˴֮ĸİһһܾˣָ֮ĸĿҲܿɹۡȵ߽ӽȶ֮ǺдͻƵģʱָ֮ĸĻҪ˶ãûٴܽõһʳˡ
ܽٲƭȰ֮ķҲ˳
֮ĸȻ̫ףҲܵܽٴݵ⣬ɫ˲٣ͷã㿴ǸСѾͷ
ܽŵ񣺡ܵõҵҡ
֮ĸת΢ЦͰҲй֪ôؿ֣Ҳһܸ˵ġ
ͶеĴЦݣ̲ܽסӡ
֮ĸܽˣƺʹŮڰϣǶˣ׵ĽԣǼҲס׵櫴Ӧ̫һ˼
ۿŴ֮ĸԶ˼׵櫣Ҳһɡ
׵ֵüë㲻סˣױŮأ
̫΢΢ҡҡͷҪˣµĿ꣬һֵأסýҲ㡭
˵һ룬ȻܵһѹЩӲػͷ֮ĸվ
ۣѵϵ£Ϊ׵ǸʹƭĻ
̫͵ҡͷ˵ʲôǸҲ
Ů̲סšüͷܾ÷ѵϵºû
̫һ£ƺ־Լ˵ò̫ԣӣȣ֮Ҵʱһ𡭡
׵櫲ͷ㲻ˣ
˵ҲʱӸˡ̫ʼ磬һֱǹ۲ߣȻҾӸ¿ſʱҲͱǵд򶯹ˡ
ǿ֪鹹Ĺ£Ҳ᲻Ϊڵ˺͹¶ݡ
ҲǸϸĹ۲ߡ
ΪʲôǵǸϸĹ۲ߣ׵ƺִš
̫һ£ЦΪۣҪ۲䡣ǲ̫һǴ֮ĸȨ⡭
׵šüͷǻеʱиְ𣿡
̫ûлش𣬸׵Ѿ̧ͷȻǵ񣬵ĸ״ҵʱҲûиκμֻǸȥԼѡ񡣡
̲ס࿴̫һֹۣǲżҲ̫ˣ
̫ȻʧЦù˵ǵġ
ѳ߹󣬵ʵҲǡеһԱ
׵櫾úЦôͻȻ˴
̫΢΢ײļ򣺡ȿʼġ
׵̻ɫ̧ƨɣҲû˵ʲô
̫΢΢ҡͷðɣܲǹġ
żƺһִ޵Ĵ
׵櫲̫ˣҾ㻹˵ұ
̫ʹȥûаܾô̫䣬ҪҪһȥɹɹ̫
׵櫣Ҫ
̫񣺡ȥȣ輸飬Ȼɹ̫ϢһҾĽþͺܲɹܺãʺϺ衣
׵櫳һ£á


115 ⡤ɿ
׵鷿,̾˽ĵڶʮƣĿԽϲļĿͶ˶ͬļɯס
Լɯ׵ĻԼмǣô,ټҲеΡѾˣܹû뿪ܿǰ˻΢õ㡣
ܽһ㶼ΣȻԭҷ˹壬˷أһתͷְѰ׵½лæ,ԭķʰ˳,˵Ҫǹ,Ծô˯¡
ֵ,ɯ׽,ͬһ鷿칫
׵ıʣټѵûб鷿ܽǼһԾǹģ
ɯ״ļ΢΢̧ͷ,γĿ⿴򰢶׵,˵,Ѿҿܾˣʲô𣿡
׵˲ջĿ⣺ûУֻǷѡ
ɯšüͷĴŮһذæֲ,ĸغвͳһ飬µϴ,ǵץһ㡣
û̫ʱ䶢ҷ
׵,ܽپԾǹ,ɯ׿,͵ġ
֪Է˵ǶԵģе㲻°˵ûп,ô֪ڿ㣿
ֻ棬ҷſĿѡ
ɯüȻǿʶȻҲû̫õķʽֻõ˵ͷðɣǾϣ㲻Ҫˣۿ
˵껰͵ͷ
׵һʱеɯ׶죬ʱһСľͱչ
ɯһ̲סɤӡ
ɯ׹һ٣ȷǲǶԷҪźţЩɵ̧ͷ
׵ĿеƮʣǸ׷ߵ£ǵôˣ
ɯ׺ûԻ·һ˵ĸ
ĸ׵²θʶԼʧ̬һӦƽ˼飬ǸǸʲôġ
ɯڶ˵ˣλȷʵƵ׷ʹһû½ڿ¶û
ڷӦ׵װģһ䣺˵ĵͦģ㡭ô
ɯ׵ֶһ£΢΢šüͷҾáе鷳
ţ׵Լûע⵽ԼżֲײȸԾ
ɯ׶࿴һۣܾãƭ
ŶԷԺߣɯ˹ذеļһ£ٴοڣǺܰ䣬ΪӦǿĵҵĳŮɯסĵܰ䣬ǸСɯСȥˡ
ҲڴˡΪ˿ĵңҲܸ࣬ҲΪʲô޷Ӧ
ЩյԼüģ֪ΪĲϷգΪλա
׵һ̲ס°͡һ˵ô࣬ѹû˵Ҫġ㵽ϲϲ
ɯֵ̧ۣ˵ʲôأ
£ڹ˵Ҫˣ𣿡
˴۵ɴС۵ضһ׵²ź֪طӦȷʵܽһˣİ飬ʶҲʼѹƽĽ޷ˣʵڹ֮СôĲֵ˰ɣ
׵޴ӷɯЦһô˵ܻŮ
ţ׵Щ
ɯҡҡͷܽٴթ񣬸ѡΪɯסĵǳΪɯסȨ׵¸ոյĻͺ񡭡ܹ˭һ
ԹҵŮ˵Ǻܲ˼һ£ǶҵŮ˵Ҫο̫ˣԼķҪġ
Ůţߵ׵ߵ˵ʲôüͷһվɯ׵ͷˣȥӦһ¡
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׵߳鷿˻֣λŮͣ˽Ų鷿ſڣһ߹հ˹գڻ԰ؽ䴦һλ塣
׵죬ϰڳı飬ſʣôʱң㲻±
λӸϽǰӰҪģǴźŮصģ͵͵㣬ᱻֵġ
׵»ǲĵҿ˿
ԽǱֳ̬ȣͣѹӵ¡
׵ƤһƤЦⲻЦɨһۣڿɲˡ
ȻӣλҲȻǸ̳еġѭѭգǧĴУôˣÿϧ𣿶ǸſСѾͷֻЩƽĻģҲƸ͵λľ˭
Խ˵ԽߣȻܽŮźܴ
׵²ɫһۣܸŮƸ͵λ˰ǰˡ
˵˵ȥԷҲô仰ģＯԸܽ١
׵Сһ㣬ǵ˳µĿɲ١
ԸΪȻȺԼ¶ţҿɲô⡣
׵Ҳٶ˵þôʵģҲץŵȫ
Ӧ£תȥܽٵϢҡʱܸ衣
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׵º˿ڲ裬ʼ磺֪û˵Ⱥôģûڹ㳡ɱħ𣿾Ȼ췴
̯֣ܽա䵽ͷϣܾԼǸԴ
׵ҡҡͷűɺ˵һʼŲ¾˵ежϾǶĹ
ôˣѹʲôҲ¶ˡдŮһڣ⣬ҶܳԱˣƽӵԼķӣ˰ཻܶ١
ȺֻſƽӱˣԼȴû̵ˮͲٵȵ𣿵ȵµ˸ˣȻҲкӹ
ǲںôܽҡҡͷӣĵϸûʲô¡УǾͷΣûУǾ
˵ͷߵһ߿ʼħ֡
ܽٳ°Ϳ׵£ɿؿһۣɣվ֪֪ˣˣͻȥŬ
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׵ͣ½Ųٰܽɶ˸ֻԼԣҲ֪ɯ״ȥ
׵һ㶣ץץԴŶȷʵˡ
ҪٴתֿܽڣûҪ˵𣿡
׵³ɵؿȥ˵ԴŶ԰Ե֪ܽɤӣصʣû˵Ǹʲôǰɺ׷ɯס
ħһ䣺˵׶ԶԷ⡣
׵ľʲôϵ
ܽüǲ˵ʲô
ĻԼûأ
׵µıһ£˵ǡˣǰĻԼ𣿡
ܽһࣺ㸸ǰ䲼ķûرϳĻȻЧġ
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ɯ׶û˼ǿɡ
ܽٴŭʹ͸ô˵
ħְסżҴ̼һ¡
׵¾ôǵԼı˳ǣҶˣǾ͵ҵ˵𣿡
ħţɨ˰׵һۣ㻹ûԹѵ𣿲̹ɵĴ
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ܽЦʲôϲϹģֻǲұ¶ѡ˵׵£֮ǰһеرһô
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꾡ְ˵Ĺ嶼Ϊ˷ص飬ΪӲ÷ָڣӦö塣
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ħ̫Ѩʮſ򣺡һҲ̫鷳ˣԼ֮һ
ܽͦ𣡰ħ˵
ĹȥҲˣ

׵¶̱ɣص鷿
һۿͷɯףɤӣ̱ɷǰ
ɯ׾ȵ̧ͷû뵽ʱ뵽ң벻
׵Щ飬Ͼ֮ܽɯ׵ġ
ɯ׿վԼǰΪʲôҪ˵̧ͷʣʲô𣿡
׵ʵѾʼˣѾվ˼ǰֻӲͷƤûͷûβؿڣҪ㣬岻ͽĻڵģ
ɯЩ죬΢΢ͷ˼
ǴܾλԼȻѾˣǡлԼڻԼûн£ҾóȻͱ̸ۼޣǲ̫ʵġ
׵룬ƺǳ֮һҹ֮ɳ˺ܶ࣬ƽҲ˵Ļˡ
Ļ쳤Ȼҫۣ˰ҲɳƣķֱҲ̫ˡ
׻ʲôһˡ
׵¸ɰͰ͵˵Ǹҵ£Ǹ㲻岻ؾͽԼҲǲеġ
һϸǵġɯ׵˵ͷļ̧ͷǿЩɣ黹вء
׵ûŲŲ
زˣһһᱻܽٳЦһӵģ
׵°һᣬ۾˵ҵ˼ǣǸԼá
ɯ׵Ķסˡ
Щ̧ͷڡ
ǰЩֶϷĳɷ֣ԴԼһܽٴʼҲ𽥷֡ȷʵôһǴ
ڴǴǰͷ൱ѣҲ̣еʱϲ͵͵Ǹļһ
ɯ׵ɫЩŹ֣Ϊҡ
׵ЩͣᣬթĴҶ㡭ûʲô
ɯ׿ϵļЩȫעĻ̫ɽǰһܴģƺϲ졣
׵ӣеʱ̫ʵˣɯףЩ˵ļͲôش꣬죬ú´ҲôҪС
ġ׵ɯ׵Ŀע£ʵش𣬡ȷʵ΢͵ˡ
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׵ѵôȡһ˵˵ڿʼȫԸ㿴ĻῼǡԼǻкܳʱദ㲻ҵĻԿǺҡǸ顣
ɯ׾ƺʲô
ĲǽҪǹҪ󡣡
׵Դϼʧ
ɯ׳˵Ҫҡһûпǡ
ǰ׵µһδһ㶯ҡһȵϸֳһ㲻ͳɣ׵Լ¡
Ȼ͹ˣЦ˵ҲҪھҪ㻹кܳʱԿǡ
Ϊ˱ΣҪ鷳ܽ°׼һ鷿ˡ
׵תҪصԼǰɯ͵վһѳס׵һֱӺϣת䣬Դֻһ뷨˭ʦҥԵģ
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˽һ׵¾ԼеŲסˣ΢΢һ£ȻɯһѰס˼
׵£ģôżܵȵģվ𣿡
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׵˿վʱ˵±ûȷ𰸡
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׵·Ķ˶٣ɵɤӣ͵͵ͷһۣ֪Ҹ׵ΪʲôôϣǸϿɻˡ
˵ֵиӵŮˡ
ɯ׵ı鿴Щϵĺλûɢȥѵ¶
׵̲סЦЦ˵ҵ˼ǣô˵֪ҪҺúøɻ壬ҲΪ㡭Ŭøɿһ㡣
ְɯϵļһҴΪֵʼɡ
ɯһ㶣Сģ
׵µΣŰҽţһļˤ˵ϡ
ȷûԺɯεЦҪΪһɿˣкܳ·Ҫء
׵ļץץԴյ̾˿ֻϣ΢һʱˡ


116 ⡤ûϣ
ܽյǻ
˵λȥǻڵӲ۹,һְ²˲ֺԱ,˶֪Ǵе
һʾãҲһᡪƺ˵ħڵŹǵûӹ
ܽ̾˿ħĳ򣺡Ҿ͸˵ˣø׼ôص,㿴,˻ˡ
ħ˶,ûܽٵħצ,ҲͲ,ͷƵüëǶϲ
ܽһֻס°֪ͣǲҵĴҾ˲,ħˡ
ǴħҲס,ضִ˴,˲٣ܽ١,һ̫ˡ
ûܽˣ˵Թ׻Ĵ
˵һ,ǲȿһ˼Һôǰ,һô,ʱòϵĻս
ܽźؿ򱻺޲,չ¶ݡһʵɫ̳βߵģ,ԶʷظС
ܽٿʲôõģ
ٲ
ش𣺡˵Ҳǻܣû˵˵ħӦ֪ġ
ܽٺĿ⿴ħħĳһ
˵Ӧ֪ģù֮ȡһʱ򣬴Ҷһģǡ
ܽһۿĺ壬һȻص˵ͷˡ
ħĬȻſڣҼǵôʲôû֮Ķйʲôġ
ܽѾվߵǰ̧СɵֻԼϣôԾ֪˰ɣ
βƺǻģ΢΢ŤɷܽСı׼ϵͣס˶
ܽٻ˻֣ûκηӦǵݸħÿ𣿡
ħššüͷȻ̫ͬľٶְȡ첼̫Σˣһʲôأ
þȲã֮֮ϵ˵
ܽҲֻǴʣħ˵ôǾͲôˡ
˰֣սɡ
ŮŮû߳ԶͺȻˡˡˡ㵻ͷͿܽٺħ˵ϡ
ܽˤȥǰħˢ˳Դ档
壿㣿
ͷӣһʱ䱼ǰܽ٣ħѣ
˲۾˿ô۾
ħգգۣû£ģֻͻȻͷһ¡
ܽššüͷĬԼĺף˲ͷһۣͻȻ¶ĳּ˵ı顣
оһ˿ĪΥ͸Уˡ
ħָܽ٣ܽٺһѰס˵ҵôı顣
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һʱЩɣԥʣѵǡ
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һߣһ߻̲סͷϴλεĺ档
ħصص˵ͷû´ǡ껥ˡ
ĽǶ˵ȷʵҲ˵˻ûˡ
˿ܽħʮֲϵĳȹһħקλϡ
ħܽ˫ֲ´һ飬˵Уħˣһ˿ҵ£ǻɧҵġ
ܽٳһħݣüĿʹ̬ͣ۶ᡣ
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ħһڳı飺ְħˡ
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ħ
ƽһģû뵽˸ħ˷ˣʧߡ
ħֱܽӰȥԼſ˫֣ѵֻᣬԼӵһ°ɣħˣ
ܽħ͵ʮֿܵҡͷҪ߿
ħЦŰѡܽ١ǿнʵʵ˸
ܽƺħܸȤԼ־ųֱֻܷƣϵ°ѳһ飬Ȼֻһչ䷳ػų
ܽ١бôûǼһﵽ׸ʲôȥˣ
㣡͵ƿţŻŵشֱϵġܽ١һŵؼһܽٵ壬˿˵ˣԷһȥҽҩ֮йҸоȥѸոͽóҪ
ˣһΪʲôˣ
ħ֣ȣŶ
Щؿȥʲô㣬ħôе֣
ܽ١һħЦеվùĵȺȻһקס㲻Ծ㲻ħˣ˭
ħһߵ֣ϵЦ
ܽ١ˢվ֮ǰٴΡˡˡȥ
ܽ١̾˿һһǣڵƽȵŲǸ

˼ͬʱģħڿȡԺ󣬱һ춯صļУӺ̻Բѣϧħ̫ǿ󣬲ô׻ԡ
ħɥ⡢⵽ô¡
ܽ١̲סšüͷսȭͷҪֱ顣
ȡԼ̾˿Ҹȿ㾯أ󵨣ʲô
ħɵؿԼ̫ȷ˵ǽ㣿
ȡ̲ססѽû뵽һ컹ħҡ㡯ȣٽ
ħ㣡
ħɫһ㡱صܽ١˲ˢվ
ȷûΣ֮ħҲɤӣ沿飬Ŭڳħһ˧飬Լܽ˵㣬ʲô𣿳ҿ԰Ը
ܽȫϲŮ֮ġ
ܽ١Ѿס졣
أħ
ȡ°ͳ˼Ǹ⣬Ӧöҵ廹Ƕҵ˵أ
ħҲѣֱѧˣ鵽껹ǡΪҪ
Ժôء
ܽ١ûԺ󣡡
ȡһħ˴۵СۿһᣬȻ˫˫أȡۼֿסǡ
޸ϵʱ򣬾Ϳһԣħܽ١
ɫأˣ𣿻᲻ʲôã
δ䣬ϵתѡ
ħȷԼ壬˿šüͷȡܽ͡١Ȼȡ¶һ۵Цݣ͵ͷһ
ܽҪɻʱеС顣
ֹšȡһ޷Ŀޣ˵ͬʱ
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117 ⡤껥У
ܽȱмãȻ,ܾý㵱ŮԺҲ˲ֹһǰ㡣
ʱڳΨһħ̾˿̫ˡ
ܽ١㿴ħŵڵϵһҲ֪һܽٻǸ,,ߵſڣŮ˵˼仰
ܽ١ʮֺ,ֲóȻ,±ŮԼĲԾȵħٴΰŹ,ʣ˵ʲô
ħתͷȥѰ׵¡ɯס׵櫡ѵϵ¶ȻܽҪ棬ô˶һ˰ɡ
ЩһôͻϵԼ,Ӧû⡣
ܽ١Ĭ˼룬ڣħ,ոջ˵Լ̫Ž˵ġ
ħЩض˶,°ͿһߣҲûʲôõ,ֻżҪһ¶ѡһῴ,ֳµġ
˻
ŵһһԴվ,ȡһԼԴһҿ˿ǡŶ,ǡȵ壿
ô˲̫Ӧ
ʱܽĬĬսȭͷ
ꡱҲ㵵ؿ˿Լ֣ŵؿΧȻһ뵽ʲôָŵڵ˵֮
ħ˵ͷ
ޱף껹˵ûʲô֢ҿǲĲᣡвɣ
ȡȰҪô͵ͻȻ߻Ƕȿԭô,׬ˡ
ꡱŭȭֻǱСӵӣҪɴҲ׾ٵ飡
ҲŲǳð
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ޡ̧ͷ۾سħ֣ħˣڿɰ𣿡
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ס֣ꡱʹļףһץϵܽٳ˹ұ
ͬʱĴűһƿ̫ʹŮ񲢼߽Ŷװѣʲô
ۿšꡱѾ嵽ǰޡһһ׵櫣Ǹ
׵櫵ֱȶ׳ڰг֣һѲϿ˫֣Ǹɫ
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̫ͷչЩɵ˵ƺǡ֮
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ֻʼ硣
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ꡱĬؿ
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ħ
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׵¿һۡܽ١ţôһﶼһĳüô
׵¾Լжʧˣĳˡ
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̫Ȼڿܡ
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׵ʶȥ֣Ȼ͵ضסˣšüͷħΪʲôᱧ㣿
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ɯˢվ˹̬ɫʲôҪѰϣ̫ѵϵ£
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ɯɻؿѾȥˣǽë΢΢ۡ
׵¡̾˿õʱǶݵģӮˣ׵櫣ҿûñ˵ӽ㣬Ҳûű˵ӽҡ
ɯ׾е㲻Ծ̬·һˡ
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̫񡱿ɯף㷴Ӧˣ
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סڣ׵¡֪ƣ̲סŭ
ɯ׳Ĭؿۡ׵櫡׵櫡ѸĽߣɤ˵ȻҲ֪λһֻɯС㡣
˵꣬Щڴ͵ۿɯ׵ı顣
ɯס۾̫Ҳ̾˿
׵¡ȴƺΪʲôЦһվסɯ׵֣˵װɯС㣬ԭų겻ҽӽη壬׿˵
ҷſ֣׵櫡ȥ
ɯ׺̫͡񡱼ͬʱҡҡͷǿƺûʲô仯ħ⵽ô£
ģܱȥġޡЦеػش
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Ҵһˡ
ɯһ²е⣬һְοԼûµǺôִ֪磬ʹؿۻڻ๥ġ׵櫡͡׵¡ʣ˼𣿡
˼İɣޡħ
ħһ̵˵ͷš


118 ⡤û£
ɯЩΣ˼,Ҳˣǻй
⻰ڸ׵櫵İ׵,ں̫ļ϶,ղһ䣺ֻΪĻҾһҲûϵġ
ɯ׳Ĭؿ
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һΰɣ
ɯֱһҪʲô,ԲСͰίȫɯ׾¶Ӱ,Ҳ̲ס̾˿
һΡ
ޡϲЦտħ˵ôҶΧ,һַŵ֮,ʱ˭˭ɻصԼ,Ǿ뿪,ûصԼˡ
͸ɯ׺Ͱ׵½Ĺ꣡
⻰İ׵,Լڸ׵櫵˸߲ҵز룺ͬ⣡ǽĹɲֹЩ,кöһûڳġ
˾ǳûѹƳȥһ㣬ɯҡҡͷȻҲû顣
ħһȦҵУǰ˸档
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ܽ١ʼ磺Ϊħɡ
ޡǿܽŮ谮ħŶҶһ
ħչչΪ°ͣš
׵櫡Ŀ⸴ӣ㻹ͦġ
ϻˡޡħ,ħ˼̧÷Ԫ֮Ư
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ɯ¶ɫٴǿ˵ˣһΡ
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׵櫡֮Աǣ˭ᳳҪ㵱ǸһĻǸɵС𣿡
׵¡ںôԸŵԼǰ鷢ܹÿһͻҵȤһǿǿ߲еԣС㲻
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ɯ׳ĬһƽҲࡣ
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