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ӷᷢԼʵĶ飬ĸĸǹԷ𣬳ɹȢ˴峤ҵСӣ֮Ӻ˹һ
ԼԱȫҲϱͺӹСؤƵá
˭Ҫ䣬Աǣĵһ̲ࡣ
һĴǹɧ̯ޣˡǹûĽϣһȻˡ
⡭˭뵽أ
  ڣ
ݱǩ    
ؼ֣ǣӷ  ǣ  
һ仰飺ߺÿѧ¸·
⣺ҪԼӣʱȱˡ
Ʒ
ӷᴩԽС˵еĽڻңԼȫǹ۰˺ͺӶûк³һ޸˹µľ飬ŬἫƷQרĹԼСӣˣƷ̬ʧⷴԼ
Ѫ⣬ĻãҲҪһĴֵһʺпƷֵĶ


1 
ƵķӷڷһάѾһʱֱͷ˵𽥵Ļع
һģԼүҲԼǸУͶû˵ǸʲôϺضʮš
ﶼ֪϶ӷء
ӷͷǸͷ࣬Ǽ͸èƵáһ۶ŵĲ˵ôָɣһ٣׼ԹԵĳϴ
ضҲôģǽȴϡ̫һɤӶðˣȴһ㶯ûУȥš
ǱȢСϸסˣ϶ˡΪô⣬ЪЪɡ
ӷǿ̧ģжû롣ŹһʱɻԺǳˡĸﵹΪ˶װƵá
ضڻûӦϲһڳԵģ͵Ĺ߳ë
ͷʹ죬֪ǸТĶӣ֮ˡ
Թкк˻١ʱӷĵˡ뿪˴ӣŵһ֮ھ͸ĴӵιѸСϳˡ޹ֹܺͬĵܺط
ֻкӷǸûĺӡСкóԵĽӡʱʱġĻڸɡ˼Ҳû˵Ͼڼ¡
ӷǺؼҹġɵı¿࣬Եıţ١
ؼǣǺؼҲؼաĴӶǼҵķζƽǴŵĸԣ˼ҡ
ɿӷᴩ̴·ڽ׶ɱˡԭûԱɽȵܵˣǰһھͱͬ缸СӸͻˡ
һӶ׵Ĺעһֱ׵Ĺײİ嶼᲻óϱȥ򹤣ᡣ
һĿܣֻĿķȴֹϱԼѡģĽԲܿơǣĸĴ磬һһֱϾȥԼϱͶӶһȡ׳˳ǵĵʯ
ֻܿҲͰˣȴϱͺںڰ֮Уģ
һۣص˶ʮ꣬˶֣徹ȫԼƿء
ﾹۻƵûؿҵǰͺ
ܿͷһģ㵽˼£һִĪмݵû¶ɡĲǱˣϱʮꡣ
ӷٴοֱӱס
󵨵ľٶһһ˫۲סĿźӷᡣȴ§̫
źӷȦˡ꣬ǵһοӡһЩˡ
ӷûͷûβĵһ䣺Ժء
ôãӷǸԹˡӷضӣڼȴƵáɻֹȴ͸ˡӷȥ䲻֪ʲôӷỹûɻ˵һ֪ضί
ӷ񿴲飬ת籡Ļɽȴǿеѹȥ
ſţԼŪ˸ʮӷףƽǵ鶼򺣺ʹɩ򣬶˵ĸɻ࣬ÿ쵽ҵͷ˯Ҳûʱ˵Щ绨ѩ¡
ʱͷŶСϥΨһĺӺȻˣǸƯС
ӽæĶ㿪˺ӷᡣӲϡܿա
ȻȻôôˣ˵š
Ȼȥ˰Ĳ𡣡꣬ءѾ߰Ĵˡ
Ȼ˵͵͵ĿһۺӷᣬҲŴõ׵Ŀ϶ҲѧҪõı
ƽպӷ춼æûʲôʱĶӡǸеʱ򻹶ΪӲϲͬ׽ءֻǲ֪θ
ӷᳯŶ֡
СȻĻ˶㣬͵͵Ĵӷ϶͵ӷûСƵܹһ棺ҳˣܰɻˡ
ӷɤЩµûšȻȻԡ
СȻûõӷıЩţȥӷȡһᱻӷ׾ٵľͱڻˡȻȻСԺȥˣĸȥ档
Ÿ˵ĶӺ˴һ𣬶Ĵá
СȻ׵Ļ£Ȼ˵ȻȻġ
úӡӷš
СӹҲǸߵСһյǵԲ۾ȴĹâ
һƬܰ⣬ͷˤˤ
ɻͱԵĳԷǼҲȥϣ϶Ա߿šض˵š
ͷϼȰ϶ϣҲÿںӵϡ
ƨҪǺؼûث֣ضһ仰ѺӷһҸˡ
СϴĶѾ˺ؼҵС˴磬ǰЩȢ˴峤Ҹӣش꣬ض꣬ꡣ˭ҶӶ࣬˭ӲĵǴ峤ںؼҲܳ衣
һҵĻѸ˺ӷ
ضѧãҺȻȴÿ
ЩӷҲϣڲͬӷҲЩŶӳˡ
ضȻֹʮ壬廹УȧǡҪм˵ģԱߵСȻˣúÿټϰ磬˵൱ˡ
ضһ֪ڶȥɻ
ӷЦżﾭӪǸзϼšҲϸιţͰڵ
ͷӣǰЩ¶ӷ˵ֻǼҳ󲻿ȫСϵĺɲˣӹǲǻ˰ɡ
ضסˣСҲˡӷǰ˳ôͻȻӲˣ
лҪ˵
˵һӵСȻΪǶʧһֲֻ֣иС׵죬СܶݵĲٿ塣һϴûеĽǲݣ߳Ȼͬ


2 
ضͷһα϶СϻԱߣٸûӣˡ
СҲû뵽һ˳ܵĺӷȻᷢƢ϶ô˵أǲТ˳һТ˳ñӿϻ̳Ͽˡ
ӷҲТ˳˹ű䣬Т˳ʲôڼҴţ⻰ķ̡
ضĲᣬ̧־Ҫӷᡣ
ӷҲһɻôᱻϹײȿ׾ٵ˵ӷȴԽıˡ
ʱıæСֱסӷᣬЩǿܴôСļһҪ
ӷѺתݸ񣬾͸оȻ͵Ϯһץסһ󣬾ԷĲҽϮ
ʮˣȻȲɻĺӷᡣ
ӷһӶûһ˦˾͵ֱڵϣ
СһУ˹ȥҵģôˣ
ضɫ࣬˵ǱƵáڵϺ޲ðѺӷ̻ˡ
ϧӷԭصУϱͺ뿪˼
뿪ȴǰδеʹ졣
ӷլǱߴһҳȥҵԵġ˵լδʱסĵطķ紵ûɣլӵĶˡ
ĵԻǰǸסɽϵġԵʱˣŰᵽɽ¡ԻĲܵóҩĶˡԻ֮ǰףû
һ߸ɻúȥͷ档
ӷҪɽɵ㶫ԡ
߿ɽɽȻޣҲҰҰ֮ġ
լʰһ£ȻСƣһıںؼҵլġ
ӷῴ񣬵Ҽǵ㰮ѿҪժ
ҳʲôУ
ӷһ뿪ˡ
ӷžͿͷˡǸضԸ˵ǸǶռȥ˳ôڴ涼಻˵
ͷڶҲС׬Ǯȥ껹˴ש߷
϶զ¶ǲ˵ˣ
ӷ̧ҵ͵ֻǰ˵תӣ
Ǹ𱬵Ƣһˣڴô꣬ûô˵ġ㶼ôܸˡԼסש߷źӷᴩɶ·첹ûһõطÿ첻ȥǿһļûгеʱ򡣾ǹҲûôģãơ
ӷȥɽŪ㶫Ӻԡ
⻰˵Щȥˡɶ˼Բˣ
ȥԡˣҲôӣҪ͸嵱ӡ
ӷлл壬һǵȥһɽϡ֪˵ǿһϱͺӡ
֮Ը˵Ϊƽվϲ˾һл֪¶Ҫһ죬Ͷ֪ôŰ׶ӵġ
ӷɽߵɽС··ǱߵҰͱժ߰˰ˡ߻ûб˷ֹ˸չȥͿ˲ٵѿëˣǰһꡣкܶľĢջͦģ¨һʮɽߵʱÿɽˡ
Щɽ˼˸ģЩ·
ӷҰ޼ӡ
ӷᾭɽҲϵǡջСǵװֻŽҵĴӣŶʵġ
ɽЦˣǸǮϱһĢˡĢĢɽм۹ġ
ӷղڼɶûУϽǮҪȥسǣһһػ˷ʱ䡣
ɽһɵĢ񣬶һСɡƵãƷһһġרзݰɽĢ⡣գһǮȥ־׬һɽĢɽ֮һ˾Ͱڡ
ӷӦˣܸͭǮܱȥ﷽㡣һʮĢ׬˶ʮġľҲֵǮĶһɽĳǮҰⶫϡӷûؼȥˡ
ӷŶʮǮ¨ɽ¡ѶʮĲڿȥ˸ڴ廻
ԼֵģȥˡǴǮһһǮĸʣʮǮǮ˶͡һǮΣֽţͳͳװ¨ҰһǣɶҲ
ӷɽᳵ·ġôһ˶Ūˣһʱء
ջȥͿլԺѾɨɾˣӷ¨Žȥ
ҰӰɡ
¨򿪷ϲҰˣȻвڴװĴ档ĸͺҲˡ
ЩϲĶǮ
ӷ͵͵˵ˣ֮⣬ʣͭ񣺡úáȹЩҸ˵ּҵ飡
ȵĿ˺ӷһۡ
ӷͷĸ׻ǿյģȥˮѸˢһˢϡȻҪӣҪиӵӡ
ӷֳȥˡǮҲЩ
ӷǸɹ˻ˣС˵ʲô
ܿһ峺ˮѾˡ
ӷȥͿԼҵĺӣС̨ϣ֪Щʲô
ӷźӣһȻȻôȥ氡
СȻܹЩ⣺ǲ棿
ۣܽЩҰɽºӲϲŸ
ӷѶӱڻһǵ档
СȻһ۾ˣĵһ䣺š
ӷᱧźȥɽϡ
һȥ߼ͿȺҲڣժСϣʮӣĲй
źӷᱧСȻһˡﻹһЩĽǴû
ӷҲǴСʱģȻ֪ɶСϲԼӰһ飡
ҶӣԴճҺˮ֮Դݡӷ˵š
֪ģ˺ܶСβͣȺû˹СҲ
ӷôһ˵Ҳժ˼ȥ档
һ˵ͷͷ壬Ҵȥõط
ӷᱧԼ޹ȥСȻ˫ֵ§ס˵ĲӣԵĲС
ЩС˵ġܵطһ߾Ȼһݮġ֦ϵĹӶժˣֻиߵĵطУǻš
ƽǶɸ¶Ǻ֡
úӷᣬǶժһЩԼҵҲ½һȥСȻûԹӣݮСһϲ
ˣ˵ǰӴȥӷԽԽɽˣΣգԺҪôԶĵط档
֪˺壡Ц˵š
ӷᱧСȻҲժһӡСȻҧһϾĺӷҲûסЦЦЩߣСȻ·ԵСҪǸС
ӷժһ䣬С棬Сһɸһ·ϰŪС컨
˴СһһֱţڵСϪŮϴ·Ҳ棬һЩ·ǻҳָϴˡ
һȺɩӶ˵ϺؼҲӵ壬ǳɻ¶һͦ޵ġ
ûһ˵ǲүǡ
æ˳ȥǺӷᡣ
ҺӷỹǼҵĺһ·߻
бﲻӵϰߡһүΪ͹ԼӺű˵ˣӶĻ˵
Աһɩӵ⵱ϡӡҼǸǿ
ȻҲ
ڳǳ׵˵زɣЩ󵨵ģӷҲкüˣϥ¾ôһôϡӣͲһ
Щȣ⡭ɡ
ΧɩЦϣˣ׺üˣɶ˼ġ
㵱أ걧û١æѽԱ˴Ȥš
Ǹ٩ɩӣЦ˵˺졣
ûһӷѺӷ£СȻܹС԰ݮ㳢Ǹ󷽵ĺӣ·ϰֵĺɫСҰ˿Ҳ
ŶӵͷӹС
СȻԱߵǵժġ
ͯ޼ɣΧЩɩȴЦĸˣ˼Сڶ
Ȼȥɡ˵档۶ҿӷᡣ
ӷȻȥɣ⼸·ϴСɻϴ̣첹Щᡣ
һźһˡ
ӷϴ·ΧɩӶӡܺãѯε¶ǰӷᶼ˵ˣЩ¶˵˳
ڳ֮ˣ޲𾪡
ؼҲ̫Ҫˡ˵ƫĵģƫĵˮƽʵеټˡǷĶǿ
ֹģܿͱؼ֪ˡ
ɸضСĹǺǸǣ֪ʱҾͰͺˣ
СҲϧôġ˿̵ҿ϶ûӸָ֣Ǳߥ޵ġ
ضһüͷ˵񣿡
Сϵ˭֪ǵһ⡣ſںضĶֹ


3 
ӷϴ·ƷѾˡսȥͿС϶С룬Сϴɾݮ
ӷҪԣ
ӷСȻԼ԰ɡСһﱻ׵
ӷϴֽӣѾ˲ӣǼһ춼ûԷˣζ㡣
ȻȻܾûôˡǸԵʣСûʲô˸档Ҫ£ӷҲҪɻСһﻹǵһγȥأһ·šִұȫ嶼ûУСҲġӻ·ϣੲݵģ·úߣҪСƵñıģСȫǶĳݡ
ӷԺҶ㺢档̧ͷﶥһĿҿ⼸û꣬ô¶Ҳǰ취ҿľȸһޡ
ҪסǺؼҡȻܷǱߵˣû顣ܸоԺضСϱŻǼͶΪؼҲ뿪ġ
һ뵽Щš
ӷȴʲôŵĲ´Ьġתƻôûѿ㻻ļ
ȴóԡ겻ڵĳʲôҪԣҸһ
ӷǸӼһɡôõĺӣԱҲû
ԼãҪ˵Ѻöӳ̾͹ȥˡȥƣɢζ
ûȥкأСһյԼ˹кóԵģ۾
Сè
СȻǰķȻȻŲ
ӷȻȻ԰ɡ˵һҰӣһ嵰
Сһ۾ճˣԡ
ӷЦ԰ɣҪϲ´λ
СһﻹͦǫõģҪһſϳԡҧһڣСȻĳ
ƽٳԵġھͳˣȻԲӡ
ѾѲĺóˡǴɤӣʡСȻʹʹʣܼһڡ
˰ͱˡ
ӷԱˡ
СȻҧһڣ˷ʳ
ǼҺӶµӣӷᶼġ
ճ극ͷнŲСϴĶӣ򺣹ˡ˴СϵͲã˿϶ȥһˡ˵ĳ˷ǳڼ˵˺ܶ˵Ļûתˡ
ӷѾ˷¶ýڼңһ˹ȥ
Щ֪ضСϲʡ͵ĵơֻǿѹеȥ
Լһӣ˹ﻹһݱСӣӷźһСȻģԼҵܻܵɰձһСӾȥȥǺؼҴլȴһ˲õϢ
СȻһӸ硣
ѾˣĺӶ¶磬˲úСһ棬壬ˣҪıȻȻ̸ȳ
ʲôɫһӾͲ԰ˡ
ӵģҸղȥؼݱӸȻȻ׶˵ģȥʺض壬Ҳ
ֱӾͳȥˣϺؼܸɳ¶Уܰӹ̳ȥǱȥ
СϸضĺӣʱһСȣԭСȵλһع⻬Բ⡣ΪмɶɣÿóԺúȵţڷˡ乵˶ǷƵáһۺ󼹹Ƕ
ܻȥլųû߽ﴫضʮСӱ̸ϡ
Уӷ˵š
Сϼ𣺡ǷģȻȻĺӡ
ʵȥˣžͽ
ȴɲǣ˵˸˼飺ǻ˵ûҲϱڳչңȻ͵úͬȥ붴ҪҼʱ֣ô
ͬмͲ˵ףǾô񶾵뷨ΪԼ޵Ǻӷᣬȴúͬȥʱ췹һˣͿúͬ׼һƯϱ
ƿ¶ʱɫһƬ԰סǾȻ˲Ҫ޿۸ˡ棬ⱲǻˡǵúӷᵱʱӶѪӷᵱ˵ȶˤһˤͷˣӦþǺӷỵضСϵĺ¶ɵġ
ЩúӷТΣԭڿĵطӷỤ
һȦͺˡԺضС޾ĺ⣬е޲ðǰЩòȻȫˣ»Ҳϧ
ӷԼ󡣿ǰЩˣһһû̸¶Ҳͬ⡣
ضȻŭ


4 
ûѺӷᵱ¶͵¶ӷƻˣСû߿ߡĺضаʢ޲öСӡǺӷСա
ضû˵СϾָܻ϶ôĴλ㲻ġҲָҺáͬ׵ܵܰĿһӴӶûУôôأ
ҪӷᡣСڵ޴֪ĻΪ˶ίء
ƽվƲ̸ҵĵܵܣһĵġڵϣ޵ĶҪˡԺӷ϶㿴۵ģϸ
򺣵ϱҲڸǰؼ²ڡ
ͬطҲûڷ䡣
ӷϥ¾ôһӣ϶̡ܹǴӣͬҲֵܡΪβ̣
һ䡣ɩɫͱˣ˵㡣ӿб᲻ù̸ǸȳӣһӶҪţ
ҲЩŭˣ϶ʲô˼
ضҲŰǺǴ峤Ķӣһô
ķˣλεӲǿ˶ˣû˰ľΪĴ¶ڸ֪ͨӡ
۸˻Ҫô۸ǳǵ⣬ĸ¾ơ
ԭضġԴӺӷ˵ǶӶ֮Ҳ˻ѹˣضҵһȭͷľžҪӷԴϵĴͷ쾭ģǴҲû¶
ΧСϷǵûȰ裬ڹ𣺡϶ƽ˵Т˳ʵأЩ궼ûûкӣһôˣСʱáİ
ӷῴڳ˵ģûһ˿ΣޣСûйҶ硣ϱҵĺӡһСòطȻʲôʲôӣ㲻֪ܡ
СʱͺķɧһûԹ࣬źӶܼ޵ĺãڶӳ˴峤Ĺүڴ·磬û뵽ƽ׸ĺӷεˡǵ̵˱ô裬һꤴӵҸƴˡ
ضӣӴ쾭塣Ĳᣬƺ޲ɱ
ӷԶһЩͼŴľӹƷ
Ҫǵͷһ˶ܴûˡЩ̵ûǰȥˣ˦Ѫ
Ҫǰȷ򣬿Ǿ̫Զľʱ̣һƹһҽСҽǺض
ڳ˶˺ӷսСͿʼһʮɻˣڳûһǶ֡ǰضΪӷáҪˣʮҲȲһӷᡣ
ӷǧһʱ˹ӣһֱͱ˺ض͵һһǰͱˣۡĹӱߣ顣˸ղһоҲû˵һ仰
ӷѹӵһߣСϡ//ޣӡҲǵģôô뷨СһСԱôúӷСϣӷһᡣ
ȭȭⷢʹ
򺣲һӾͱıףԱСҪȥӷ˴˹ȥסǡ
ӷǳˣͣ
ӷѪһǣ˲˵
ӷһѪѪġһħˣҪԼĶ̴򺣵ĳȣ˰һͷһĳͰǰ̣ЩǶ֡
ҰĥΪҪǵһѵݺݵҧһڡ
ӷһ򺣺Щӵضлбŭ˼Сϡ˶֮ǰˡ
ӷῴ򺣳Ц廨ͷһݡɳûʲô
Ŀתҷ˶Щɪӷһӽ쿪ʼǷּҡԺصҹҵĶľš˭Ҫһ£ô˵
ضּ˲ؿڴʹȻôТӡ
ӷҵˣ
һ仰һϲһ˹ȥ


5 һ
ؼҳҳһࡣ
ɫҲЩҰףҪǺض⣬Ǿ̯ϴ¶ˡ
ӷҴ뿪ָǱġӷůůôˣ
źӷᣬǵһοƵá֪һıҿкӷᣬȻ
ӷ§ö˶˵ôˣİοˣȥˣ¡
Ҳ֪Լˣæ˲ᣬڶǴҳʱͷûˣȥɡЩ
Ȼȥʱ򣬹СȻڷ䡣˻һضһȥˣѾҳԷˡ˵Ͻˡ
СȻһҰݱСӣֻ۾޵ֺ׵ģЩۺӡСȻСǼµĺӣٿޣ޳
Ȼһۺӷᣬ޵ĳҭҭģֻҪҪ嵱ӣңҡ
ӷ̰ѺӱڻСһܵŵСӡһꡣ˲Ҫ
ʱСϴżǺųû͵ɹ£ûšӷûǮòһ˹ƣֱСϴˣǺӷ᲻˹԰ϱѺӽġ
СȻƴȫġŶӿ޳ӣҲͱ˼
ӷߵô۸ˡ˵ʱͳ־Ӳ˲
СӵƤ۱ˮһݶˡʱ䳤˻壬ʱɳɳʹ
СȻʱʱĳҭһ£ֻС§סӷĲӣңȣҵĺ󱳣˵ǸǮ
ӷһæһ¡ȻСȻм׵ۡ
ĻǸ۸ʲô¡
ӷҲȻȻСǿġ壬ôɶ¶ǳԸɷġԺ˭Ҫ۸ʹȥ
СȻƺңֲᷴӷᡣ
ӷȻȻס·סĵطܸ˿ܱ˭۸ˣһС˵ǵı͸˵ġ
𣿡СȻĽëϻˮѰҰοƵá
ġӷ˵š
Сһŷģһ𣬵ȳ˻ܸɸĻ
ӷ˯ڴϡСһһͷִˡϢܸˣټϸղһֱеˣȥϻҪм䡣
Դӿ˺ӵ֮Щ֪ӱ۸Ҫ⺢Ӻ±ߣڻ˵ء
ӷῴ˯ŵĺӣһƬ˭Ҳ֪Щʲô
ת۵˵ڶ졣
ؼһ޶û˯š
ҹضһӾˣੲݵŭźӷᣬȫָͣ
ӷǰνƴӣڿͨˡ
ӣȥѧãСĶӲ꣬Ȼһ³Բ˼صǼԡ
ϴСϸģӣͬǸмطʮˣֻкӷӵţģϰˣںӷǷѼصìܸ˳
ضȲТĶӻʲôɾ֪ôй˭ʹ죬Сϵ⡣һʲôϡġúС̰ɡ˼룬ڴжӲͦӡ
򺣿ɲӷôƢͬҲǺģСϵ۴ϱǴ峤ҵĸҲ첻á˵Ǹúöģкûиϸģôչ
סԱߣôһ˰ޡ
һ£мͬҲ˼仰ҹڼҶؼ˶ˡ
һϣؼ޴ֵģûһͣʱ
ڶȥ峤ˡ¶һ˵޵Ĳᡣ
峤αƢͳ壬ʱŭˣðƵͷˡͷȥҺض˵  Ȣʱ˵㵱׶ӶԴھͿʼǸм̺·ˡڣҿ˭
峤ϱһǹȥ˳ضһ޲˯£峤һòЦӦꡣ
׼ң㴵ˣһСֻûһƲ¶ؾŪôĶ
峤ϱ˵ҪѺС̸û¶
ûȺض˵أ峤˵ҿɲ
峤ϱ񵹶ƵðеĻյ˵˳⺢ӴСТ˳ȻҲܰѱ޵ҡȻӣǿűĻء˵СӶպأүү󱦺Ͷ˽ѧϰءӶ˵츳߽ܵءҪǻһ˷ֵܵûˣֵÿֵѧҵ˵׼ңɱҰš
¶һСĲ˵峤ϱɲЩضƽġ
СϸһĵġһٸԸӹ̸æЦ¶Ǹᣬúӷĸ̵ġ˭֪˵ҳ󲻿ǲˣﲻףһί֪˭˵϶ˡ
һǲ֪飬æôˣ
СͼӴ׵İ¶˵һ¡
ضĻȥˣǲТĶӻҲŭ
峤һæϸ磬ȲҲТ֮˻Ÿɶ
Сϵ峤˴³û¸ĸģҲ֪զˣǹйд档ҪǹܲˣͽӰɡ
峤еУֻ᲻áТ֮ӷʮϰûˡ
ض˶üô죬ҵҪôͦӡбĶӡ
С΢ҪǴ˺ӷᵹҲʹ졣
ڳ򺣸ҲһֻҪӾУڱô죬ܲš
ܿ峤ضȥλ£ȥ˵򺣲£ԵʳȥˡĺطҲ֪ɶʱˡ
Сȥͬķصǽ壬Щ۶ǿŶӲҰ׵ɫѽôء϶취и
ҺǸˡͬѹʹ˵ţʱһСȻǸˡ
СôԱ絶ʣһ߰ʰصĲһߵ񳤵ƯҲͣ϶չ˺㡣ǵô׶ӵ˼
ʹӷǰ֪ǵĺ¶˺ӷᣬ֮ͬħƵá
СϿϣν赶ɱˡ
סֻص峤İšĸɱˡһٷʢķˣ㷹쵽ˡ
峤һе¶ɡ
ضҲСȥϣҪѺӷʰ˲ɡ
һȺ˺ƺƵסլôĶ˰壬иɩȻ֪ʲô״Ͻͨ籨š
ɫЩס
ŵɩûӷᣬ϶ǳ¶ˣӷأ
ûش¡Ͼ뿪ˡ
˵ʱͷˢˢĽŲ˶ˡ
ضͷ󣬵úӷǸ׵ҴҿҪ졣
ΧһƬȻ
ܰɡ
ô¶
ӷ᲻ˡ
һӵҲֱüضˣѵҲðһӵ˶֪¶Ҫִˡ
ƽˣܶ໰˵ǰ˱ƵӲȻЩҲҴŲˡȻҪִһӷжТ˳ҶһĸӣֻڸɻҲͰˣҲ̫
Ҫ͵Ҽ޺ΨһĶӹ̸û˾Ҷӣûءһҷǳ˵ĹҸǣҲҵĺӡ
϶ƽ׶һˣôеļ¶˵˳
Ȼһ˶ˡ
̫ҪˣȻ顣˵ôӷΪλ䣬˺İ
۸˻Ҫô۸أ
СּٸҼˮȻϺؼҵĺӣ˭أҪϽ㻹᲻ء
峤ˣϣĸô˵ɼƽҲǹġ׼ĸӾͣˡ
峤ƽڴʵƵã˵һضһӣȻҪǳͷ
һdaoԻĶ˱Ѫֹסģƴˡ
ǧһʱ򣬲֪˭˵һ䣺𶯣ӷᱨˣ


6 Ϊ
Ⱥ֮У֪˭˵ôһ䣬缰ʱ㡣ӷһȺٸĹٱһ
峤ǰͻıʣûлع
춫ƽװƵãʵǸᡣҪ¶Ͳˡ
ΧĴһҲûٱǴֵˣȴĪˡ
Сۼһӿ˺ӷҲȺУܻ϶ﻹˣ»ûˡ
Сϵһ仰ô峤ϱعûвǵĵм±ٵģ
Ϊ׵ǸˣĲͷӷѾ״浽̫үˡҷǰ˻ػСϣضͬ峤һȥسǡ
峤ͷƤ飺ʲô¶
ͷһֻץˣı˵
ضƽ۸Ӹ蹷ƵãǵŹٲȴнβƨҷš
СҲˣͨϰĶȥõģһҪ«٣ץȥɾͷŲˡ
Сֱּӳ嵽˺ӷǰצҸƴˡ
ӷַǳ䣬Ѱ˸һСֻһ̩ͬɽѹһϮڵϡ˲öʹֱӸڳָţҿˡ
ⲻ֪ӷĶǳȻõĴڱ˿һСԼɵġ
Χ˸˵ʲôĶС
úõӲҪʵ˸Ƽˡ
ӷڼҹˮȵӣͬһģȻ
úؼͦԵģ˵е飬Խǵɡ
ҿӷļʱȻһȥãһôء
ôһ룬ǰװӵļˣﻹЩ졣
˺ӷԱߣһĵģҿĶˣ
ϰʢҪ״Լɷ˵ȥʮ壬Ĵһ񣬴ʮȥƤˡҹӷ˵ȥһˣּҵ¶û뵽Ǳ١
ӷû¶
Զڴﲢ֪̫үͷģżʦүġ̫үҲܡ
ӷᵽģĻƮ֪˺ܶ飬ЩΪ鱨ͰѱΪ̫үæ顣
̫үõһݶһȻǣҲûɺӷᣬȻһݴҪһ˵ӷ¶о̶֥һС¶ȥͷԴ
ͷҲ֪Ϊ̫үӣ쵼ǰֱûл̽һСӣƺƵǳˮ塣
¶ŲЩĴͣҪץˡ
ɩ֪¶Ϊ˱ûԽԽרŸͨ籨ţɫһףŵʲô˰򺣸л
ڽǱ߸ɻϢӦϱࡣȫˡ
峤ӣ˵ûġɲͷȴգԽ顣Ҫǲúð¶û˽
峤ү򺣸ϹæСү˵˵ǸᡣȻᣬΪ˴з峤ͷ¶һ֡
۾˶֪Ҫǲ⣬򺣻һεĴ峤
һԼ˲㱻ץߣ̸ҲУүҸҵܵ˵仰ô
ͷһǺ֪ǼͷզզģʹӦˡ
ｹЩŭӷ᲻¶˽佱ˣҪ;ģҪǵ˶ӵǰ;ǾͲˣɷ죬ֻȵ¸߹ͷ­ӷǸܣȷǸᣬҴǸһˣЩ׷ˡ
ӲԸҲֻ˵ݶϡڴҲˣѾˡ
ϧӷᲢˣЩһֱؼҵţǳġĶѧãҶֻʰҲͰˣôҶӡСȻӵͷⰡСһӳڴûбһ¡
򺣴ûӷᷢ𣬵ȴԺӷʱЩԴֵ˵ȥѺͬҴ
СϲŵĿŴӣͬܵѽ㵽ʲôֶԺӷ۴㻹ˣ
ȥҺͬͬӱŹ֣ٴ̼ġǿͬĸ츸ֵܰСѰ˼ˣȥô˵ƴҲ˭˵ﲻԣ
Ǹˣĸܵ˺ӷı仯϶ضҴѾŻŻˣֻƽŭ
ܿǰѲмĺͬгˣͬð׾ߴ͵ĺӷȻֻͬ˿̱˶ܿȱʧİСȡ
ɫǵͨ졣
򺣵ǲǴȻˣ
ͬ߳ŭǸС֣Ҿʹôˣһûɱءû˵꣬һȭɨӷڴȭͷݺݵϡ
ͬ໲ҽСӷȭͷģʮֺǴˡ
СϺͺضæ˹ȶӣȰʱͬһѪ
СϿˡ
ضһӱҲЩŭȴҸӷ
峤аϲæ첶ͷײԣӷʵǲ񻰣ͬ׵ܵܰСмܲ֡ղҪСϸض϶ˡ
ͷһ峤ǣǴԻжϡߡ
û뵽ðŵܵΣգ˽гúӷֹҪȥٵ³


7 
ֺʱһ˼ʱϵ峤˾񿴵Ƶá
򳤰Ҫ峤浽ã˭
ǸʮˣԶĸ٣˿̵ô¶
ͷȻˣǼҲ˼ֱ档򵥵˵ķϾ򳤲ܴµˡ
ѯһ±ǿ״ѪĺͬѯǷֶӡ
ͬСټм̬꣬ˡ֪Ҫ׸ģм䱻ӷһӣ޵
ӷǸç򣬺ͬǲҸӲӲ۸ˡÿΰСȻ޾ͻһױȵ㣬вСȻ˵ȥȻɱȫҡ
ЩҲûﲻԣֻǺӷǷģծӳˡǽȫ˵棬ӷݺݱһ٣˶ǱӣͬڲԵҴôˣִã
ӷѹµŭֲͷˡȥûסӷֱźͬĲӸСƵãصĸڵϣ˶˵һӷһŲһϡ
ͬѣһȷʹɤﺿСȻĳһ亹ܵӰ죬䵱ϻţĶ磬ǾڸոֶԷҪɱ
ӷɱⶼѾʵԵвĺëˣԴʶ˺ӷҪɱһ仰˵ɤ﷢ŵĳˡ
ӷᷢŭͻġΧ˸ӦСϸضæ󺰴Уܵܡ
ضٱһ仰˵Ƕӣӵϳһʯͷ顣Ҫȥͷҡ
ʲô
ʱȺ֮һСɿܹȥүүСȻεıźضȡ
С϶ӷˡҧ˵ĹȻУŭšСȻĸ첲
һ̫̫־ôСӿסģСȻ۵һˣȴûɿүүȡ
絶ʣһķҲ˳
ſҶӡ
ʱ򺣳ܡ
ǰֻü¶޹أ²ܵģƫĲԹֵܽá
ڣƷе뷨
ΪθղСϴӵʱƫˡ
ŵô۸ǣȴ˵һ乫
һ˲Ҳˡ
ӷ̻СȻضϱղСضߵġСһ϶˺ܶںڵӡӡ
СһղŻͦ¸ҵģ׵ڻصĿ
Ҳذ׺ݺݵ˵򺣵ĸ첲ŭ
ֳӣ峤˳Ƹ򳤵㿴ʲôͳŮĴ֣ԳڻҸ٣صϳͲ˼һ
ǰ˷ֿ
򳤶СϵǲǴˡ
СϿŴӱ˸첲丵Ѫͬӷŵֱ飬ĶƽǸӣŭ𣬺޴ӵôֻǴˡҡ
򳤶첶ͷ¶Ұɣһ̫үһĴ𸴡ϾҲҵʧְ̫үġ
½ͷõģԱ߿ţʱ򷽱ȥ
򳤹˹ֵӦõġ
峤һ򳤽дϲǹǵˣڳˮôÿɴδ򳤿϶ġ
ȥ˺ؼңȥһ¡ͷİյһοộ򳤻ǲͷ̫үǻϵ뿴ôеġ
ʹ󣬾¶Ҳ࣬΢һ֪ô¶ءղźӷᱩ˵ʱڸǰƯĺӱĿүүߵģôСĺôµȥ֣һؼңõ䷿һǺؼҸĸģһǴӣһӡӷһסģ񷿣쳱ʪó࣬û̻𿻣˶ֱûסˡ
ٿӷҲ忡ᡣСϺضһ
ǰʵ˱ƵˣһѯΧھӡϰҲ˵ѣͰԭԭ˵ˡ
Ҳ𺳣Ͼ񶾵ĵ϶ϱм۸϶ΨһĶӣѺӹ̳ȥ϶ûͬ⣬Эͬ峤Ĺشá
ȴû뵽Ӽ˻ҧء£ӷƴűʮҲҪ״
Ȼ̫ү·°Ҳ򵥣ֻˡ
ﲻȣֵܲƣֳෳգֿ£ּҡһɲƲΪݡĸһһݣһݣ
ڸһ߷СʮӣӰ᲻߾۸
Աߺӷֵʮӡ
ӣСϺضǾǸһõ˵гԹֵôǮ˵вãˮ࣬ʧ󣬸ûӡ
СҲԱñ߹ģ˵μѡ
峤ϱ˵飺ǵ׬ģƾɶТ֮ˣ¶ҲءС˹ȥӶǮǴӽġָӷһǮʧС档
򳤴¶ҲˡǮҲ򵥣Ӱ᲻ߣⶫܰߵġӷᣬȥһǧƶ״󽴡
ǡӷ˵š
򳤻ͷԼȥ
²Ǻض򺣶סˣҪģĽְĳһࡣȥˣ˽ûȡأǩҪûҪǮġ
϶㲻ⶼǵѪ˵š
һӣֲԵģŮҲøƽϡ
ĵ˵ŶǶҵķ䲻ˣȻҹܲˣǻȥðɡ
峤֪̫ү˿æ˵ôôⲻּۻ۵ʱ򡣡
򳤵۳Ǯ߸Լѡ
СĿڶۡ
ضˣӷһǮۣˡǮϵĿѻʮô˳ԷҾòˡ
򳤹⿴ǼҸǵķӾ֪ǼҾơдɣȡǮ
Сϻ뺿ϱˣǮɡֵȥ˶ӵĶǰ;ôã˵ŵ˽⣬С߰ʮóʮһ徻ʲô
С֣ǺضҲˣֻòˬĻȥӡ
д飬˼һӡȫעַּҡҲǸġҪڣСǮҲضģǮ˺ӷᣬ򳤵ӴˣǸؼҺ޹ϸ𡣡
ضһɵˣɶ˼Ƿּôءּ֮ӣȼүˣʰӷǣأ
򳤵ղŰӡǶϾϵġļԲػᷢѪֻ֮֡зֿܻ⡣
ضˣ
򳤵㲻ǻô
һ仰ضµİ˵ʵ˵Ӷƨá뻹û˵ͨ졣
СԱߵԺϴТ˳㣬۲Ĺ֮һ𡣡
ãӽŹ··Ҫٸ۸ˣɲġ˲˵ĳĻ
򳤼ûɶ峤찡һ㶼ܲãֵ̫үȥʵǲ񻰣ú÷ʡʡʱΪ峤
峤¶ԲᣬٸӷˣԼǵȫϱˣ
峤ڵ


8 óԵ
򳤰һҳһš˶˵ô˵ĸ峤Ǳġ
峤ĳôصĺæ顣
򳤸û͹Ÿ첶ͷ˵ˡ첶ͷһߣСæȥĴ򡣺ͬһ٣ܿͷա
ʼ˵֮û¶Ѫһֱһ߸ߵĺܲסһѣΣؼҿ캰صġ
ӷᱧŶӣϱլ۵İѶӷڴϣ뿴ϵˡСƤۣСš֮첲һӡӡ
СȻģŵҲʹ
ᶼˣһСȻ͵ˣɵӡ
СȻϵĶˣڴϴһ
ӷǷּˣԺҲ۸ˡ
СȻصĵ˵ͷš
ӵԴСһĿĻЩ˼С˯һô˵ԼȲ˼˱
СȻСͺܶ¶еʱͷЩڵﻳĽߣҪҸˣôɡ
áŶڴϡ
Сһ뷨СһﲻʵҪﶯȥ˭ܿСӵĿġ
ӷôָֻ˻һ
Լչеڴġ
Ҫѷ޲޲̫ʱûסһϴĿҪŪһ¡ϸ˵Ҫ޵ĵطͦࡣ
ӷȥŪľͷԺͿʼľͷһһˡ
ڻǴ죬СȻ˯ţǸڴһڴûĸܣֺȥæ
ƺ뷨߰ǳȥ
СȻһС͸£ֲ˼ģĻ͵͵ա
ͷӣСһЦŲڱ
ˡҶмܲס
ƿӣֵ˹۾ġƺϲֲڱĶèèְСԴϸˡ
ƿӡ
Ϸ棬ǲĻءӵĶͷϾ˺ܶϸܵĺ顣
ѶӱСһ˼£ҶˣԼߡ
ԣұһ
СȻ˫§סĲӡ
СȻ˳ȥźӷԱѾг˲ٵľ塣ҪЩһޡ
СȻź˷ܵԺסô
šӷϱͺЩΣסôõĵط
СȻȴ˷ܣ˵ڷȦתһתȻƾɣԺӺܴԺҲŪ㶫
ӷʮӸǮ࣬ûбǮɽյġȻؼҷּˣǺؼǮзеأǳʮʲôûˡ
ӷỹ׬ǮУ
ˣҿӣȥ⣬óԵġ
Ҳȥˡ
ӷ˸Ϸѷȱһ˶©ڸˣָط޲һ¡
Ӻܶûסˣ΢һĻҳ
СȻճ˵ʱ򣬺ӷʲôʹԱߣûһСһҲˡСèԼ֪ÿκӷῴСһﶼһЦݡ
˺þãһ⣬ƴȫ⣬Щգʱ򲻵ʵġͷȱˮҲݣˣϴ󼯵ʱһ??̳ӻͣɶͶ㡣
֮Ĳûᷢ񣬷ǲܻӭĶ
ʱҸƽߵĽɩӽһɩһɩӡ˵ҰˣͰСףǡһŴײ˹ůů
°˵
ɩôʲôЩûȥѣˡҶʳˣ׬ǮѣҰ˾Ͳ˵ˣС׺ͺǶϡҪСʮء
ˣɶǺúùСɩ˵š
ɩӵǰ治֪ڼӣǵͷ治ˡӵϴ峤ˣԺˡǰҲܵ¶ڴм峤ûʹӡڷˮת峤Ļкùӳԡ
סƫҪɶϢ鷳ɩӸһ
СǻҪɻأ֪°ҿ϶кܶ¶ҪæҲǳл˵ߣͷүèƵãûסһЦˣϽȥϴ裬ҸײڶĽӡ棬úףһ¡
СȻһûţֻйʱųԽءСˮóԵˮȣ˵ֱȦȦ̫ˡ
һڿգСȻͱӷᱧϴȥ
СȻҲ£Цͣ


9 
ϴ裬СȻֱƯˡӷһ·ġ
СһҲ֪Ժٻصؼˣ·һһġָ˵ĲˣżҪ̧ͷ
ӷӵͷԼҺôϡźӾ͸ˡ
ӷһ·źüˡ
¹ǰӷϵòõģ˵һЩοĻԺ̤ʵĹˡ
û
ٶһЩƫĵȷʵټ
Ҳʵˣֹ
ӷôˣ
ʵǻӣҲǸӷСһ鳤ġ򺣷Żˣ˵˭ҪǸߵĽǸȥ
Ȼӷּ˵ʮӣ˶ܿӷõСͷ׬ǮĽץεġ
еӷ᲻ޣᡣҪж˺ӷϵӿ϶ѹ
ӷ¶ĵᡣ˭ָ˭ԴһʹգղһȥͷֿסƫǺϲôģ
ӵ۸Сʱ꣬զҲܡɶ¶ҡ
ӷ˵ͷˣ
򵥵˵ߡ
û߼ֱסˣɶʱȥسǣǴһξءȥ߶첻͵óûҵʱء
˶úӷᵨ˵پͱˡ
룬ͷ͵ͻģſʲôط֪ҪǱץզ죬ûʲôϵˣʱ첻Ӧеصز顣
̫үô
̫үʲô
˵㺦²
Ȼֹô˸ӷʵǺˣ֪̫үǲϷ˵ү
ӷʱ̫żˣûע⡣
峤ؼߣźӷᱻΧɫãҪҲ磬ʲôһʱҲǰ
峤ߣˣͷӵ˴峤峤򺣺ݺһŰѺؼҲ˽ȥûʲô¶Ҫº˰ɰûˡ
ÿյʱ˰飬ܶԷǮټ˭ҽ鰡ɥᰡּҰΪ峤뵽ͷôҲ١ҲֵҲܻġȫûˣȫүǵǰְѼˡ
ȥؼһ٣Сϵեʮӳա
ʮӣŲ١峤ϡϰն˵֪ʮѩȻǸ֥峤ͷ̲١һ뵽ʵð͵ĺòûˣĿ򺣵֪Ǹ͵ģһҪȺӷǿֻϧڲǴ峤ˣûȨӷᶼ֪ô֡
뵽һȥˡҲôģĲݡ˵š
峤ã־ҿǵǮˣô
˵˵žԶˣ˺ӷᡣһ㲻Ϊǰ˱Ͼ·Żᱻġ
⻰ӷû˿̱źӴȺг˼ңյ˼ͿѾ棬ڶˣӣһԲཱུġ
СȻصңȥǱȥˡ
֣ȥһȥ
СȻܵһ߰ѲݱС棬СһƽҲû˺һҲܿġӷϴҪһӡ
ܾˣȥˮտûУʣ¼ӣͲմˡΰĽӼȫġ˲ٵͣڶ㡣Ϻõİ棬ǹˡ
ӺؼҷֳҲȷֵף
ӷˮտˡ
һæһݸ˺ӷᣬӡ
ӷȥûһˮ͹ˡˮҨӵЩˮȥĽӵõˮء
ԲĽһСԪƵƮ̳֮ˮһ
ϴ֣ӷ˳ѶӱڵϣԷˡ
СȻѾˡ
ӷ˽ӣָÿ˶ʢһûպӵϣͺܺóԣڶʵһͷİϸ壬һ㲻ɤӣܳԺܶࡣٺһڽ̹
ҪԺ춼ܳͺˡСȻ˵š
ЦСè£Ǵ峤ҲûԽѽ
ӷԺȻȻˣ͸˵򡣡
СȻһɵлл
˺ӷһ۵֪ߺӡ
ȻȻ˾С



10 ɽ۲
СȻ˯ˣȡ
ӷһͷһָȷ硣Сһ˯ĵ㣬ſͷϣܿĽëź
񿴿ӷᡣܰסƵá˵ģһ뵽ͬô뷨ﶼģסĲһ㣬Ҳ̤ʵ
ǵĵߣСһһĳôĵ޵顣
йȥôš
ÿʱ򶼻йջ¡ׯںҲţȥɵӻ׬һأİҲеġ
ӷ׳ʵټСǼͶйĹͷȥ
ǰضߣ˵ˮûûɵıͷ򹤻࣬ȴû˸һǮ
ڲͬˡˣҪȥͿԳȥ
ӷ͸⿴Ƿһ˿Լûע⵽ᣬҪңҾͲȥˡ
Щգ㰮ȥȥ
ӷȲȥո˭֪᲻ᱳʹӣڼҲܻŵͺӡ
ҹˣʲôѾܾûҹ˵Ļˣеճǻˡ
ӷ׬ǮҲ۶ȥѧáʮӲضûУԵģҪǮỹѧˣںؼǮһҪʮң˵ȺС֮Ҳȥ顣
һ˼ӳϢĻͥ
ӷᵹָܶɴѧʼңʶ֣˵ĵУԼҲü֡
ӷῴŶӺ˯ĲİϵͷŪ
Ҳ빩Ӷ顣ƾɶҺش󱦣ضСȥѧãȻȻֻʰ𡣸ҲԲμӿƾ٣˵ҵĸڳеأûʲô
һЩпǶҪǮɲǸСĿĸĲ㾡һҪͶսһˡֻˣֿϡ
ӷҪиӾͺˡСͿиӣ̴ӽ𶼹ˡп꣬ȻЩɽϿûʲôö
ϴξɵĢɽˣ׬˶ʮͭǮɽϵĺöɲֹĢֵǮĻءҪһ֧֧ҰɽοɾͷˣԼȥɽ˵ļ۸ҪһЩ
Ҹһȥɣɽ졣ԻСɽϳġ
ӷҪҲˣȻȻúˡСӻû뿪ĸء
ӷῴЩݣˣ˯ɡµϨ͵ơ

ڶСȻ𴲵ʱ򣬷ˡСѼͳͳʰһ顣ɾ˲٣вӡ
šСȻȥԼ˸Сվڰϣƿһӣſ
Ұڶ΢΢Щ࣬ҴҲɤӣһĴ˶ԲȥҵıȴʹԡСϣרעĲСһܳϴ֣񻹰Ѱ۵С̯񿴣Сҳˡһģ
ԡ
СȻһ佱͸ˡ
ȻȻȥһ
СȻҿ԰ɻСҵɴˡ
šĨòá
áϾʹӦˣܴ
̧ۿһ죬Ѿˣ֪ӷ绹زԷ
ӷɽϸɻءҵһƬɽާ˺ɽ۲ˡ
ҰҲǷָߵ͹ġͨѿëˣŶ֮ԼҳԻУ˶ò֡ɽާ˺ɽ۲ķζ˺ϲϼۡ
ӷ˽ٽŽȥسǡ߸ϴ󼯵ʱţרƽֻԼߡ
Զ;ծߵسǶۣҰ˳Եľһʣⶾͷɹˣ·档ȥھӼҽ˸ľͷİ峵ʱɹɤӶðˣŵװһۡ
˵㵽һĵӣҲ˽⡣ҵһķݵղɽާ˺ɽ۲ˡҷݵϰǸԵģƽϲԡ˵˲൫ʶԶͳԸ
ͱɽާˣڳۣҪٹ¾ˣûдˬĿڸС
Сһæȥƹġ
ûһƹĳˣźӷҿһ¡ɽާ˸ɽ۲ʵǸոժƵãһˮֳ㡣
ƹһϲҶҪˡɽާǮһɽ۲ǮһɽҰ˷ζãԲ껹
ƲԲ꣬ϰҪ˵ЩɽҰˣкѹ١Ͳʣʲôˡ֮˾ŰʮǮԺӷһʾ޿
ƹԺҪɶϡͣ϶ǡϰǮͷкụ̈Ӿǽѵģŵ治ۣĳӶعġ
֮ԸôҲ´
ӷӦˣǮȥ̣˶ʮİ棬ʮľסⶼǮһһʮġ
ӷһƥǳϸ޲ֻģʣĶڱ¨Żؼˡ
ʱûɶۣøһţߣҲǿճȥӷǮðϣţϰ峵ҪȥĵطܽţطˡӾ͵ˡ
Ȼȥʱ·߻ƴСӣǴӱץȥˣСӾûܣӷᴧڻûˡ
סǴƫĵضû˿ԶԶĻȥͿǽ棬СȻɻءӷӣҸʲôˡ
СȻһӷĻæܳӷֻСóСȻһϲá
ҲųˣֻкӷôߺӡȥѰС档
ӷҲˣ棬вҪĶûǮ·ȻİپʮöͭǮ


11 ˻ϲ˳
ӷãҵһɽާˡǶɽ£û٣ȴǵȼü֮
Ӧһ·ǵ·ĶǱ˴ľѣϴĶˡ
ӷʡɡ
ɹĺģһҪƤˣЩ۵Էô
ӷ㲻˵Ҷˡ͹ŸϽؼҰǮ֪ôһ
ݣҸ㳴
ӷһھС
Ի֪ɽΣաɽϵ߳϶໹ޡȻǮÿ궼ɽϵɽˣǮ
õ۵СУɫʮƯ
ѾɩҪһѣǰѺԺʰͿֵСˡһڳˡ
šӷͬ⡣
СȻԺСӣ̽ԵĸιݣСӳˡ˵ĹǺСС԰԰ڡ
ȥ档СȻܽ˵š
ӷһӳιСȻСһſˣӷŴӦԳȥ档Сһﱧӳȥ
ԼҶӣԴ˰֮һһã˵һȦҰأһһ
ӷʲôѣͷȥռ㻨ӾˡûǮúӸˣֵ
͹źӰɡȻô˵ţҲ۵ġ
ӷȻ˺ؼҴԺסԶһЩǲʹÿҲ֪˺ؼ֮
󣬵ؼҵ˾͹Ĳôˡ
ӷһҰˣﵽڶûͣء
ˣǮаͻ˿һġ˵ҿ˵λòҪȻǷˣڸ첲ʹ
ͬͲмһֻűȹۣܵ˾ţȻ˻ȥֹ˼ҩ
СϸˣۿȥﾹһƬ뵽ӷ޵͵ʴףûﷴʧ˲Ǯ
Ǹ˺ӷʮӣֱ峤ҪʮҪУҩ
ضڼˣǸֱڷͰءǿҵġԽԽ
ǰСϻģ޲ðѺӷ˺ˣźضҷϣԼӶܲסôõɫôͼô⡣
һضˡСϻ˵Ǳ³ȥȥڼһȥǸܡ
ضһֱС⧲һӸɵˡ˵ɶӱǿĴŴˡ
СϲŲӲӲء˵ӷﵱһ찤ᡣضܣҲáؿȫˣڶҳţֻҪžͻᱻָָģ˼Ұ׶ӵϳ鶼û¶ۼһ˸״ӡûˣ
ǸԽԹӷᡣ
ʱͬǹˡڽȥһһɶ
ֻͬŶˣԱ׶ҲмСϵط˺üûӦ
򺣸˽ҲζŪüͷطǰȥùüˡСӹġ֪־Ͷȥˡʡ徻ԴӺӷˣûͶⲻоǲеġҲûˣ˼ٷȥˡ
һҵķ˶ҪȥҲͷһνѳԣҪ֣ᣬҲҸط徻ȥ
ضϱأϱʰ
üͷɩźСӣȥ˵Ǹɾģͬʺȫܡˣۼ۵Ĵ峤ɲȥˣأڶܻˡĥţͷϱ˵£Ҳסɼңʡ鷳
ЩϺͬôˣҲ֪ԼʰɾЩôƹˤŪôġ
Сϵϴ׵ܵܣô֡˵űӾ͸ضȥˡһȥܳĺ
ȻԸǼûõˣֻȥʰ򲼡ĵϷˡ
ϴ˺ü֣оϻζ
һ춼ˡСϵϲɡȢһҲиźˡ
СһԺ˵ɡȢϱҪǮ˵ͬûǮȢϱ̫ˡŪٳǮˣ˭
Сϰ򺣽еӷ˵˵סûôɻ治С
򺣵ôܡϾ˼ҷôŰȥġ
Сϵɵӣ˷ŰѻҾСľ巿ʱ򲻾ͻô
⡭еͻ򺣵ĵߣ˵ӷϵһ㣬Ż¶
СüͷȻҪˣźȥɡ
һ飬ɫѿ


12 з
СȻСȥͷתһȦȫСĽĹǺǻûСءŶӣСȻ˭˭
СȻɶʱܵȨһȺСƺƴĶ˲Ŀ
ȥɩӣһ·ɩǴ·õġ·նʮĵĹѣСʮġ
Ѳùȥɩһϲˣ޲ϸ͸̹ҲУǲá
ɩӵⲼ㹻һӵģʣ°òꡣҪôģҲҪǮˣѲͷңĺòˣֵһڵĲЬҲˡ
Ҫȥׯ٣ƿˣɩӼҵСӸȻһҲܸƴһ
УǾɩˡ
ɩЦʲôвסе¶ɲźءƽվ͸ߵĽҼҶ˵ȻȻӣȥˡ
Ūġ
ɩһСڸôãЦûбȺӷϡӵˡզȻȻһܻܵã
Щȣ١˵ɡ
·ĳߴ罻һ£ȻȥˡɩЦĹǺӶأ֪µء˾Ƥ
ɩõĳߴ磬ܴ̿·Ьӡ
ӷڼ߻ϵĴѪݡ󣬿ŶûóЬųѪЩ΢΢ʹܺˡ
ӷڼңӹˣҲ屲СʱҲ峤ϣӵ峤ӻһƴ⣬ģѰ˼Ǹհңøס
壬̫ˣ
ӵǸ̫ˣһˡҪֺ룬ʲôֲ˵ֵû֮ͳˡһ¾ͰСؼˣ˵ʱ˾͹ˡΪ˸ӣԼ׶ӣҲһˡ
˵ѽ򺣣嶼ˣ˵ϺؼҵĲҵ˸յˡ˵š
ӷĶԸ˭͸˭ǲȥˣؼҲǿϱʲôӣ˵ţģ˼һӲҪ˹ͷΪֹء˲źãؼҸҲûϵؼǾ͸ûϵ
ӵҵСӵͷ˸Ƿӣҽָܼ۴˾һʮĹٷǮһһǰǸСΰҸûӦ
ӷڸշּңءټǺؼѵĺͶҪȥһҶҪ
ӷҲ飬лл壬ɶʱң֨һС
Ц˻ûƻõȸ졣˿ףˣ㣡
š
ڵϴ峤ҲǴ⣬¹ѻĶҪ˽⣺ɶѴ˵
ӷӴ峤λϱŪ϶üǺҡҪǳȥɻڼң
һظĵžž죬أҿ˭Щûõġ¶ҡ
ӷһĲ̤ʵˡ
ӾǴˣ֮ǰ֪жưܡڰӲݺﶼȥˣԺҲԵÿ˼֡Ȼסǲһ
ǰ˵ӷǸТӣҲȻǷ˼ң˼СŪĻ
ӸпӺúøɰɣڿˣӲȱ˲
ӷ壬и¶㡣
һɶ¶
ӷּҵʮӣȥĶءеزʳ
һĶλûͦõģСӼҵءǵЩҲüû֣Ƕˣ򡣡
ļ۸һĶͰӡǮ򲻵صĶء˭Ҳ᲻ôصļ۸һֱǣﶼһĶˡ
ӷҸ
ӵӦõģǾҡ˵걻ӷ͵Ժ⣬Էȥ
ǸвסģһӡĻϸһ׼ϲ
˺һˣԺæȥôæˣϵݻûء
ӷЦĶôû¶ҪҪص¶ӷǰͷ˵ŽʵķúøϷʣ괺һܱͣֻǶѧ¶͵ƺһˣҸСӸɸǷӵĻһ׬ŰءĻҲˡ
ɣСǮҲ̤ʵ
ӷŶһֵֹģĸݣԽԽ֣ģҲ֪Щʲô


13 ʺ
극ӷԺ޶µĶõġĻûǮ޲ͳͳһ¡
һֱæͷĹЩ谵ͣӷ򵥵ϴ֣СȻܵСȥ˯ˣֻСӶϡӾͷԶĵطСõ˲ٸɲݡ
ӷصѾѱӸˣӷСȻȻôһ˯ˣ
΢̵һɽժ۲ιӡ
ŶӷϨ˼͵ƣ˴˵һ˵¶ҪڣͻȻĻҹûеƣԽԽû·ҹɫ͵͵°͡
ӷѪյĴˣһòƵס˫ֱ§סںҹҲܾ׼ס졣
ӷͿŶ˵СסСϣʲô׵ģΪ˲ϱʧ
ӷã쳣
գСȻķСȥСȴӷӣС࣬ȵ㣬ȥɲȥ̫Զɽ£
šСȻĻȫעС˿˿ģСȻ˾⣬ܳȥСȥˡ
ӷСͼ˽ϡˣǲ˼װ˯
װ˯˯̫ˡ
ӷ߹ȥͷ죬ܸоϷ⡣ӷȥءһ仰ߡ

ӷȥأֹǵ֣ϢڴһƵá
ؼլС˺ݺݵһ豭ҵǮ붼ۡ
ضܼӣǸػ࣬Ӳݳñʳߣ
ĺطݼҴ˼죬ܲסֻûˣⲻ֪ͺˣ򺣾ƹȥǱסˣСϴټź綼ϣ
ҺĽŶѾˣôѳ
طһ磬ǮԸôôûءֲȣֻǮ򲻵ʳؾׯ˵ĸҪǶ磬Ҳء
ޣǴóǮݷǱߣ˭ˡС˵ţϴҲǸõģܵǱסȥˡѺӷķӵˣƺӷؼңٰǮҪǣ˭뵽ӷô֨һͰǮˡ
طŻؼ죬ܹˡ
ֻҪһ۾ϡ
طЩǰȻܰȴܴڼԹ˵ģȫûҪؼʮĶأнÿĽһʮӷʮҲӰ֡
Ķ֪ضѹûӷʮӶҪƵá
ôԺӷѹȣֻǵñӷηҧض϶˯žȥڴȥˣ
һ̳ƣ⣬ټϸ档ȥĶһٶˣƽݴǾˡ
֮ãΪعùøһǸմŵԸ۾ﲻɳӡǰûʱСһ˸ҵģڼﵱҹؼҪ۾һᣬϱԷôһ۸ˣЬ͸ضˡôʰ
źضӽ忪ʼһ·
һֱüͷ
ضĪǷˣ򳤷ֵļңڴǰļ֤Ҫɶ
ؼҳĹ̶ˡҪִ󰡡죬ȥӴ峤
ιɶ̰ǾǸʺӷҲǵù
ߣ۹ȥںӱϴ·˸Ͻ·ššԼҵĿҪǱȥ
ӷصѾȴ֪ضˡǺҾģû˵֪أͨ籨ˡӷŹȥժһι֮СһͿɳݺӷˣСܵĿ죬ϵ˺عù֮ǰš
ӷһǮ˳ݣȥԸ
عùôһС֣ˣ״ӣͷϴǸ񡭡ûء
ӭ汻һ辮ˮ
˲䣬عùñľˮˣԴϻճһҰҶӡ
Ⱥв֪˭Цĺܴ


14 вԱ
عùüе
ضȻǸûĸεùˮ㻹ɶҵġ
ũеʱ򣬴һ˵Сĺعùûˣܹˡ
ӷŸ裬ĵŶû
̬ȼŭ˺عùãô͸˵ûǹġǰ˵ʱһšǿ۽ˡҴ˶ʮ˲ţ˭Ҫ˵ôһ䣬˵˷ɻ䡣
Ķǵù˵ĻҲˡ
ӷԺعùõҪµҲҡҵʲô˵һһڵؾۡ׵ĳһָҪġ
عù˵˿ԣ˵С˿ּˣˡҲ˵һ䣬ʮڵҡӷȻӣȥҪ
￴ֵļɩӲˣǱͺͬӷӵضҴҵ󣬾͸ʮѾ˺ӷᣬӲ֣ʵǿˣţһ࣬͵͵ڿĵطݺݵš˺عùһѣعùüУ˭ң÷ε˵
˶ֶ࣬࣬Ҳֲ˭ɵġ
˼ҵ¶òġ
ֶӼңҲͰˣͺɱġǴˣƾɶ򳤶˵ˣӷǼһϵûˡ
ӷºعùãͻȻɩ󱣻ͦĵġ
ӷлλɩӰæ䲻ʲôҲ˲ҵçûأҪǿ˵ģɱ˵û㡣
ӷǴ׳ʵĺӡ˵⻰ضɫһڣ֪ʲô
عùñһΧ֨ҽлģʵǲӣæǷֿ⼸ɩ˶ûɶ¶عùõͷ֪˭޶һѣͷɢģͨڵϣһһֶ߰Ӳҵ˿ҲҪӣڱ˼ҵſ
ӷùҲӦվӣűỢǸʲôӡ㲻ҪӣҲӦø棬ņָָ̃ͷ
ǲǺô˵ҡҿ̲ɣȻ˵еȺиɩӿֲ¶󣬹˵š
˶ź÷÷˴ʤҵӣȻһЩԽԽá
÷˵۹Ļæˣһ˷ϸ
ӷ˵ǻʵ֮ԣعùĲᡣƫƫ÷ľٶ֤ĻƵã֮úعù촽ֱ¡
峤ǱӷἸ仰ŪıˣԱߵҲû˵㲻ͶȥˡΪʹʧ峤أԳݲøӷ쿴ùùúǸˡ˭룬ҲǸֽϻ
峤ҪվڴĽǶȲȺӷᡣ˵Ӵ峤͵찡˼Ҽ£Ϊﲻȷֵļң򳤴˶Ǽҵˣ㻹˵ֲ򳤳
峤ӻ˴峤ļӣҲЩص˦ˡ
ݵ˸ҸҲûʲôÿģԼ¶
ӵ˴峤ȻߵˣɲǣΪԼǴ峤ءһ֪֮ûС
֪֮򳤸ߣˣʮͷһݰ嶼˵ˡ
⻰峤ˣĻĲˣͨ졣
ضһԼ׼ұ˼ҳŭǱϹͰ͡峤æϡҪ峤ͷҲ峤ȻǴ峤ˣձʶ͵أɲܻ˽顣˿Ҳ˲ˣȥⲻǡ
峤Ķкѵض͸ѵƵá
Ҷźعùͷľ͸ûʲôӷᶼ㲻Żȥˣ˳ͷĻʲô˼
عùҲò뿪ûüأȺЦһ£ѽҵ˭ءⲻǺؼҵСô˵ӶˣСأǷɲ갡˵ӡ
һ˵¶Ǵһ̸ʣǺعùðӡ
عùһ޵УޣԼҵ¶ʲôҲǴһӣզأ֥ģҲͰˣǡҪǳҶûšؼҵ˳öÿعùҲԶƯ
ӣôÿɶã㡣ﻹôСأҾ͸ǽ㵱ӲˣɨһΡ
ΧеĲ֪һΣ˿̿źعùõž档
عùǵ¶˵˼䣬յҸƴˡ˵һƵá
ĶùӣæӷҵĺԺȥ
عùüˣʱ˾׷ȥ˱ϾСˣûôõ֧عùҪ޵⣬ܲ͸׺ݵĹ⡣ûע£ܹʱ򣬾һ£ӸŵķӱһŲȥֱӵˡ
Ӳûعùü
Ŵӷ
£￴ֵ˿˿־塣
ӷϡҵũʰջԭϡöҪﲻ˶Ҳӡӣȫعùˡ
ǿɱǿζˡ
عùıˣֻȥϴһϴⱲûô˿̾ӱܣ
ȫ忴ֵĲˣСӿϴ·ϴ˵ĵطҲ˲Ͽ־壬үø֦ӣţһĲȥСϪ
ϴȥ

عùҲ˲ǸͷȥضϴһͲˡ
عù·ϣһ·ſް˸С
ۡۡ
ˡ
ҼһŴһ·Զȥı˼ҡ
۳˺ضңŷ
ȻСϼĽ
СϲţǰʺˣȻСӡ̫㤾ε˹ȥһֱѣͿԺɶСѪӿһε˹ȥ
ùðǵˣ
Ĵ
Զһ㡣
Ż
Сεˣ仹ϡĺط⼸䣬ͳ²֪ˡ


15 
عùڳˮ˿ⱲӵǶɾˡںؼҰԼϴһ̶˴ӡ
ضȥˡ
عùõ¶Ҳû˸ͨ籨ţü۵ĴǻԺʺζѬɵˡعףطǸ˰ǲǺӷɵġΪﱻ˷ء
طǲѿڱϣŰ̧ϣûϢͱôһ
Ƕ磬Ǻعùãʹĵ˿ˮ˵Ժϴιȥˡ
ضգգ۾Щȣذľȱ˭뷴ֳôЦͷԴϡ
ضԺӵֶģֲ֪ʲôطʰԺطɩл˵ˡ
ط˵¶ϻ
򺣶ֱüͷɶӻͳһӸ˺طȥӵӵйȥʰһ˸һġǮ϶ûþʰö弸ˮȻ죬ѵƤζɾˡ
򺣼ʣµǮȥһСи￴ʣµǮ͹ˡ
طǮŻȥ
˵ǴʵܸɵģȻHһ㣬˭ڼһͷӡܸǮг𰡣ʹӦɻˡ
ضȻûŵĻҲûŲš
ԺζԺӡ
˭֪һſȴſھۼ˲ˡ
мضĳѺضѵĲᣬһͶˣúõյģ
Һˣ¶򳤷ֵļңҪǲΪɶȥ򳤡ڵʱƨҷţҪ򳤳ΧǾҪˡ˵ˣǼ
̫ү˵˸ţһӷǶТ˳ĺӣƳӷһҴɶ·СؤƵãٿ򺣴ɶ֪ĻΪǳء
ƫĵ˶ȥˣզأӷҲӰ
ضѵ˼仰ЩҲסǮҵģԸ˭͸˭ӷ״ģһҲõҵǮ
ʱ򣬸ղӷῪڵˣӷզˡ
ӷЩ˵ˣϡܵڳ˶֪˵ġض㻹
ӷػһӷ˼ңѹؼʲôϸֻ̤̤ʵʵĸϱСӡضǸƵãĺãضͲʹ졣ȻӷҲˡ
۸ˣٵҪǶԷûûˣͱ
ضüëһӷỹû˵мֲˡ
ӷᣬǰЩӣҵһͣ˵껹ýλϵġ˵ӣﻹûأͷ˸ˣ֡ҲΣͺˣҾͲк
⻰һضʱְֺ׵ģ죬㶮ƨˡ˵Ҫ˺ɵһȥ
־־㣬ô֪ôСĺӻм䡣
Ķ֪ӷһεˡǰЩ¶ͱ
⻰Ϣ̫ˣ˶ںؼſڿ֣û뵽ؼҵĻ
ⲻǼyinô
̫ˣһǵõӷ﷽Ҳʮ˴һ֦Ƥ׷ءǺ룬º̫ˡ˵ʲôĶУǺûû뵽ȳ졣
ϣкк
硣
ӷôû͸¶֣Ǹʵ˱Ƽˡ
ضˣˡȴһתӷݺݵʰһ١ֿˣ۵Ҫĵط
ģҪıɱ׵
ӷ໽УˣһֱӴšض⧲ҧͷ۵һ³˰Ѫ۵ᶼˣһ˲ԹӶ˵ġ
ӷġҪٸ˵һ֣һ˵ӷһšҲվӣڵ
ضĻͷҧˣ˵˿˿©硣
ӷ֪СۣʰɡȰЩ뷨ҪҼһʧҾ㣡ָȥġ
ضðǣۣڰ֪ӷôףʲô֮ǰźӷ۸ڱʰ˼֮Ҳˡ
ˣԱߣûһţˣã


16 
ӷߣ쵽ҵʱȴ˹ӵȻһûӴӵŮƽͷǮһҲͻشһΡ
߽ˣӵҶ˵ܴ棬ͷ˲ϸĺ棬лˡ
ӽ꣬èӵͣټŮ˿Ҫ٩䣬Դϴκӷȥɽժ֮󣬹ӻͦݺӷģؼߵĽдڼҳԶӷỹͭ嵱ȷѣڼ߶˺üΡ
ӷ⺢Ӵ飬ǼҶϲ
ӵ·˵ӷ¶˶úӷˬ죬ֻľ״¶ߡ
ӵĵȴͬӷôʹĸֳЩཻ
С̷ʶ̫ˣǶѹեĲУǻĻ޴ٶ˵һ仰
ӷԭľӣڶȴĿ࿴
ӵ˵˱¶Щͷϴ󼯣Ҳ׬ǮҸ㵽;ǮһﲼͷһİٶôôһҲ׬ǮҪҪһȥɣ
ǸС̷ɶڣǰЩȥؾǱѹһٽվƣЩǮѹˡεĻǲׯĻǲͷвٵ΢ȾɫĲƥ߳Ƭľ˿
һҲԴҲǾ˽ܡԷҪһΰİٽĲ϶ԽȥûôǮֲᣬȽѺµĿӻûﵽء
۳Լʱ䶩ˣҪǲȥı𶼻ᱻԵڳˮ˺ϲźӷԶӺãѯ¶ˡ
ӷܸȤģ
ӵšΪ˱ס֮ǰģֻ˺ϻ˭ңҳ˳۵ġ
ӷУһʮ
ӵһ㣬ǾİʮģʣһԼܴյ¶ɵ򣬻ٵٷڣʱµͷˡղײգȥѻɡⶫû⣬׬٣͸ƾˡæ˵һ䣬ԹϾ׬Ǯ¶û
ӷ֪ôлл㡣
ӵ˵ĳ죬ҲһӷȥǮ˵أΨһʣľϴɽާ˵Ǯˣʣİپʮġ
Ҹ·ȫǮˡ
ӵȥĲׯƴȥһﶼǣ಼ܶͷͦõģҲûϸǲׯⷿҳģƹûƴˡƲ˹ӵ׬һǮܸʰˣһá
ӵиСַľƺϣ˰ѲͷֳӵʱǰˮصͷأмҸطСȷֺõطʡŵܡ
ӷʾס
ӵæѻֳһʮĲͷ˶ûӵӷ˸ţҪطԷҪʮģ˽ģֻˣӷŶһ·˴ߵС·ֱӵҲӴڹ
Ȼʱҵ˶ѾˣӷǮţĳʽֻжʮˡ
һôæжԺ
ӷӵǸ˼ңһ׬Ǯ
һЩ
дֲϸо˿Уиֱ߽ϡСһ˿Ҳö඼ǰƥһƥģܶ౻ΪӡһۡԴҴҵĲׯҪĴƷǶԴ˵Ǳ
ҲЩϲҪֹĺõɩǿ϶ϲ
ӷϴһϸͻģҳüƥϸһɫĶʮ֮һļ۸ûУóȥ϶Ҫ
ССĲͷֵôɴˣָĶ
ȰЩϰմСͲʷָ࣬ʱٶ
һࡣӷҲϱһ
¶ûأϺӷ΢΢ЩȵȥһͰˮĲϴһϴö಼϶лϻҡϴһϴ뼯лмأܴһһ
Сӷġ
˺ܿæ
ȻѣЩӣеľͻŵԱߣɫĸ㶬ӣ
ȻȻ
ɫϸ޲Ҳúÿ
壿ִ˲ƣڲѰƵãԺӷʱҸһȥϼ
СӷʹĴӦ


17 
ȻȻʱ򶼾ˣԺиָĲϴɾϡƾɵСԺɫʡ
ӵæкԷˡ
ȻȻСӷŽܵߣСĻСⶼʲô
ۼҸϼҪĲ
ŶȻӭƯĲϣмָˣһȥ˷ǰ
۶ӳԲ´ͷһЩ棬˰ײƬ
һæôһ춼Щˡ˺öࡣһѰ˼ϵĴȻһûʣүͰԲϸͷ
ϣźȻСȥ˯ź˯˵ȸϼö
СȻҲܹԡ
ֻкӷһˣܾûȱ˿ġӷһſǱ߾˯ӷƲƲЩǴⲻ˯ˡһմͷŵĺӣȴȥ˯šҲ֪˶ã΢΢Щ⣬͸оһ˿ӷĶۣ˱ڻ
ӷǸڿˣ첻ˣ۾ͷȻʱˣԭӰӰ̵ĸоΣϱȻˡ
ӷϴѣŸ¨͸ͷɽȥˡĲ𲻹ʹ࿳ʡʱΪѡ
ȺӷῳһʱѾˡ
ӷջ˼ңƮƮˡ
һ޵Ĳ͸ˣˡʣûĲóּеҪϴĵ
ӷջѲڲϣϴֽݣȻȻſﻹ˯ءС˯ĺ˵ġӷ׶ӣ³ĺ˶ӽ۵զ򶼳򲻹ϡˡ
ӷûôŶӺΣеĻƶˡֺòˣǰûʱ򣬸ӷ͹һأӷͷһγԾϲˡ
½ϣ۸ˣѲ𣬶ûȣҲ֪ô𣬳һƤĽʶճ죬һοɽˡ
аȥ󼯵ʱһ㣬Ҫζϡ
ӷϱҪóԵģ۾ˣֻҪôС
ָּ˶ڿˣܿʰˡסƫƧʼؼֵʱ֣ܿҲûˡ
˷˳˺ӷ⣬ⲼǹӵæŵЩ½б֪ˣӵ鷳
ʰһ޲鲼ΪһЩ˿ϲڡɫһٶ֣һҵĲͷࡣ
ּ֮󣬰Сһ顣ÿһǲͬġ˼ʮѵˡ
֮ӷЩɴСһµĳС飬һϣճӡмһֽȻֻССһ飬ټͬɫϵĲƥŻͦ˳۵ġ
ⶼСĴʽƥĲôɴˣ۳״źáڣʰȻɿ죬ϴϴĲüüϷִСһĺúúá
еĲεģǲüλ߳εӡʣһ鲼ѻСɽƵˡðûдô˰ʵǿϧиʮС鲼ϡʮﱾǮʮء
ҪɳɡɳӣҲۡСôһС㹻ȺСһġ
ӷҲС
øӣץһӽȥҴļֵɩȥˡũеʱҲû¶ǸһһлˣզأϺؼûʲô۶Ӱɡ
ûУλɩӽҷɳ¡һѺ֣ǰǸԻΪΨ첹򵥵Ķᣬ
üɩһô鲼ˣĶôࣿ
ǮģС⡣УɳӲҪǮȥ׬ġ
üɩһҸɣС
ЩɩӸѵĺ֣󼸸ȥˣɩҡӴҲûڼңɩ˵˵ЦЦҲ㡣鲼ó滹кöƴĲءҲСġָĳ״ɶĶУǰƴĲͦġҪǷɳϧˣȻ鲼ȺɩӵУÿһ鶼Ǳ
ɳ⻹ġ
һæɶУǮɩӴƳԡ
⼸ɩڴҲǮġЦã˵Ƶá˭ҶҹĺãǮ
ؼ£ʮأСڹҲʣɶˡ
ɩӵҹŮҲڼأ򵥵Ķ죬
Զԣҹһ춼ˣ͸
ǰĶô಼ͷ찡ôС
ҶôˣһعҼң
鲼á
鲼û鲼á
ȥСӢ
ѳѾҲ
⼸ɩǽԼҹŮֽϸǺõĹۣûһ߾ʮˡһôÿ鲼Ƿ춫һ¡
۱ȱȣ
ϣҶϡ˵Ҫ˱ȡ
զء
ɶ񰡣ûвͷˣֵģ
Сȥȡˡ
һӣһΣѼĲͷˣ
ɸЩɩϡˣһԼϲĲ
¸ţԼ᲻úȵĺˮǺȡ
ӷ˵󣬻ȥɽժһҰҰһݹһҰˣڴŽҶϡ͹ȥǸɰ׹
ڴңҰġСƵãһȺ˵˵ЦЦĿֺˣ˭ӷôµĹ˵㡣
˶󣬲ϣҾͰѶѻСɽƵòͷŪˣû˷ѵĲ
һ죬ߵʱõҰҰؼң⼸ɩӶû񰡣ûˣӲÿöԸ죡
ûˣɩˡ
ɩǵ´ɶ¶֨һġɶ
õĶˣʹɩӼҵߡ͵͵ɩǮ
ɩ˵ҪΪѵˣȴ޲ڣϸܸɣϺؼҰڿһʧ
Ҳ˲˵Ҫȥˡ
صңӷᶼˣЩ鲼ûãЩɩӵﻹˡʮСټұıףһٶСɳС鲼˻͵ɳٶЬ棬ЬֱӾϣ߰ʮСԴںͷϣԼٶСԪ͵Ǯ


18 
˸ϼ죬Ϊռһλã컹ûͳˡ
ӵļűţƤһЩˮڵĻð峵ȥ
֨֨ѽѽģ˿ʱŵ˵ط
磬سǵʱŸǸϽ˸طС̯һεĴ󼯣ʲôĶУܶ˾̸ϯӰڵϣӷǸɵģڼ˳֧ܡֱľͷ֧Ϳ԰Ѷ档
ռط߰˸ƥĲϣְ˶ʮСĲͷӾͿˡ
ѵóһδ󼯣̷ܶûڶأ˿;ˡ
ӷҵĲ϶ĺúõģͬĻɫŵĴСһ
ҲͷģЩ˶̸ϯڵϣѵСɽƵáӷ̯λȥˬ
ôģһĸ˴ŸʮһŮ̯ͣǰš
ӷһͷɫǮ鲼ͷʮǮһ飬ǶһЩ΢ȾɫʺѣĻС
һ߷һ£ԡǴȾɫ˵ʮǮļҲǲѣ챻ӣްӣôˡ
һ飬ĲûСĲɫࡣСӷžʮġ
ӷš
ûһߵ˾Ͷˡ
ô
ÿܿ߾ΧˣߵĲϲ𿪣﷭һ¾ܿӣɫͦġе۵ĸо
ϲĸϽһˣʡı˸ȥ
Ǯһ
ˣǾϸӵġһ̯Ϊ˿ţ۶ıˡӷҲСľϷŵĶǻﶼǲϡ
ǽǮļ½ȥ
кˣӷ᲻ͣϻÿö١
ҪʮǮ£ʮܿͱˣɫôÿĶˡ
СĲɫ࣬۸Ҳ˭һûиҪʱ򣬳ۣʱ͵СС
һЩ뿴ѡ㣬øǱ߼ͷĶż
ģҲʮʹ죡
ӷ߶нߵһ澰ö˻ûءͿ߱˸Χˡҿˣһ
ӷ㲻סϻǮϵҲܺá
нǮˣ򿪿ͷôûмһЩõӣһֱȵءҪôǳεģҪôǷεģһۺͳ۶ûСһСΪ˶Ϲ˵졣ʵܱ˵ˮһ㣬ӷߵʵڣп˴ֱ֮еĻҪء
򿪲ϵ˼ֱǸӷ˻棬һ˸ˡ
ӷᶼЩ벻ʼʱеæңʱ䳤ˣ˲١
ﻹһ
ɶҿ
ϣ̫ˡһ͵ֵǮ͵ڰ͵ġ
ϰ壬ûдˣ
ӷͷоеĻ˿񡣵̫ﲻ֪ˡģÿһֵġõĶûš
ϣϰᣬĿϸ
ֵҲʹһ㡣
ӷߵĲϣѸٵľˣӷͷһҲٶȸˡϸģķɿ죬һֱȰһ϶֮󣬾ʣһЩСˡ
СɳһǮһɳǮһЬǮһǰƷЬ׵ֱӾϣʡԼȥЬˡСǮһǮһټұòͬС鲽ƴı棬С˯ָ£ֻʮһһ
Сɳ֮вľղŰѲͷˡǮͳˣС׬㣬ӷץһǮȥõĶûʲôȥ䣬أ
һͭǮȥˣһֶǼУͲģֽģ˵ģСƷģԼı¨Ұˣ֮⡣
ߺϵ˶һЩ
Сɳͦÿģ
ӷĴӦˣܿ˼ʹĸǮ
Ǯܱ˵ôһ֪ʲôأ˿͹һȦˣȥС϶ϲ
ӷһǮһһ
Էһʮ
ԡ
üһҲ˹Ǹ˵ȥ庢ӻǺõġһ굽ͷеӵʱţͷٸõĲ᲻һ
ɳһۣԻôϼˣϲּ˵ĸо
ӷԣɳǮһġ
һ˾ϲ֡
ټұı׶Ǯ
һģ
ô˵㣬ʮҪˡһ˵šγû⣬ǳƴɫãԢҲãŵһСŮȫҶϡĲСһȥϱҲˡһ̫ˣ˵⻹ûбоӡ
ӷᱻ԰뿳Ҳգⶫ鷳йǮûǮˣϱûڣҸʵݼۣʮģһȥ
ӶĻɫһĸúãЩˣʮһˣҶûǮˡ
ӷҲóӦԿۣôһĥ˿ڡ
ԱĶһúӷҲʵڣҪܾС̷ôüۣӷ˵ϱûűģΧҲĥߴϱǼۡ
ôһ߸ӷỹѰ˼Ķ»ء
ֲЩССϼǹ񫡣ЩǮľĶȥһˡ
ӷỹʣټұʮԵЬ棬ʮǮɳһӾûڳءǮһǮĿڴˣһ컹ء
ӷ磬еˣѴӼӵĴóԡһڱһˮԵҲ
µʱԱ̯߳λǰҲšҪ˵ĻԵġ˸Χˣеζģӷûûϱĺóء
ܿ
ӷһæƤˮŵһߣϽȥӦϱȥˣһĶ
ӷæȥ˹
ôĶ߹Դϳ˲ٵĺҵĲһͣ⻹ʮһ⻹ÿĶ࣬ͦԱиһ͸ϻָˡ
˾ŸǮһһʮļĶ࣬ͷЩͻһģʣһġǸҲҰ͵ġ˭ôණ
ͷ٣ƤϻӲӲëû˰ԣҲͽϺӷᰮԣȻ
Щ֮ȥƶ˶ʮĶʵ߲ˡ
ӷӹڰ峵ϣæͳӸ
һм־ϲ֮ɫѽЩˡ
԰ӷ°΢΢̧
źӷϸóԵġһϺͱǡٿһ
ӷͷ۰Ѿϡⶫûóء
ɡȥӣǵﶼЩССȥġߺͷ˰ͷˡ
¶֮ߡ
ӷϲϺбĸоűСͷɶĶҪģΪǮһ
£û٣˼̯ǰܿͶˡʱٴһЬ档Ҳ˼Ǯ
һи˹ⶫˣ
ӷһ
˵ǰӻ̵ģЩԲҶǮڸǰˡ˼һ̯ӱĶࡣ
˾гģѣѱ˵ĶԲõһܵ͵ļ۸һֻμУȵڶͰЩڵڳЩû򵽵ȥˡ
ӷһ£ټұıģټϣЬ棬ڴ£İʮġİˡ
ҲǸģϵѽҲҪİⶫҸɶ׬ǮͷһκҸô԰뿳Ŀұ¡
ӷֵɲɡǻԼءͼű˸յġôģС
˲⻨ӣѾüˡÿĶˣ˵㶫һҲֵãǽѣԺҪɶĶϸ㴦ˣֵܱȱǿϽˡ
ӷû취һʮģ˿ǸѵӷᶤľҲҪˡ
ľͷеǣӷͷʣЩҲ̤ʵ
˳ʱǼҾʣһ峵ˡ
ɫһףզˣۼҶ˸ˣ
ӷǵûУˣؼҰɡ
ӷ˰Ѷڰ峵ϣŻ˼ҡ
֮ǰ͵ˣϽǮϻǮ
ϸָӶˡ
ȥ˼ϻģȥİʮĵĳɱһǧء


19 ƶ
ӷͦ˵ģͷһμôǮ
һǮţҪ´λεҲɵ㡣ŸһμͳͷȥΣ׬һ㡣
ӷǹӵҵӪҲôδζȥӴ峤˵ˣЩСйʱȥԡ֮ʵڴ˶Ǯ
ŷּҳҵ̫ˡö׬ǮӺúôһ¡
Ǯ˴СµǮ˹˵˲˭ǮʱȡãºԷ˵һˡ
ӷ¶ˣ·϶˱ӲҲӳͷ̲ˡ
ӷ˯һǰҹӱҹϼҲʱˣʵЩסӾ˯ˡ
СȻܻؼҳԷ˯أҲɾϮСһҲǷЬһţ˴󴲣м䣬§˯ˡ
ƺҲܸоӣ仹˯УҲİѺӱڻ
ӷ˯һʱ粹˸̹ķǳⷦˣͿӺ˯ĺܳŵĳȥˡ
ӷѰ峵ϵĶж峵ǽھӵġϽ˻ȥͣ򵥵ϴһ£гһһָĴƬˮ¹ϻ
ܿˮոˣֱ͡ƬѸٵĳͣΪ˱ⲻܺҪķƬͱӷϨ˻𣬰ͽѾϴɾ̳ͻ峺ġһס˾ͻɰɫ͸࣬ȲŻữ
ʲôԵķһ׶ܶࡣֻһС룬ִ㣬һΣζͣ
ӷ᳢ڣζִܺóԣҲûöԡӸԡԺ˸СѣǼѬһ£һëôûǹζ
ӷһһʰŪĺϸ£ˡ
ʰ㣬Ҳˡո˯ϻмֺΣԽӳĵˣҲǸ§Ŷ˯Եֶ˼ϵζȥ˳һŪˣӷһ
æƶˮˣԺӷҶһ㣬Щæɩһһ롣ô࣬Ҫֻ˳ԵĻҲ㹻ˡ
ӷӦõġǼɩɣСⶼȥˡңҰġ
ӷΨһ۽˵׷ɡƶ׷һ
ϴ˶ʮ
ɣȥϡǰںؼլסʱ򣬼׷ػؾһСڡֳҲᣬԶ¶ˡôԣôԡ
ܿӷЩ㶼Ѭ֮ˮȥˡһȥɩˡɩӵҪȥǼңѡһԡҪﲻͷٸǸģ
ллɩӡӷ˵š
ɩЦлɶԺҰ˵Цˣӷؼҷ˼ңҲ
Ϻؼ˶þ񣬺ӷҲӢɩЦˣźӷᶼЩ˼
ӷ̻˼ңûȥһ·˽кӷᴩԡ
ӷĴֲڣԴɶûɶ뷨ǼܲסԺҲûˣͰһѣ¶׳塣ѡӷỻµ·֡΢΢죬۾ģԺӷÿ
ӷᱻϱһ䣬ҲмָˣԺ󴩸㿴ӷỹҪɻ·Ūˣ
ȴͬ⣺ŰɣǼ·Ҹϴһϴ
·ȷȾ·ӷῴһȴһߡ
ӷһЦҲûѣȥˮˡ
һ·ˣģǰûڴһˡ
Ӧô硣
ôྫ񡣡
Ц˵ǰ֮ԽԽãǺؼңһ֮ؼǰھӶ˵Ǳ쳳ܣǺؼ벻ӣȴô䵽³Ҳǻá
·Ҳҿӷˣɫһף뿪ˡﲻףΪκ϶ӹĺˣǼȴ˺Ƶã
ӷصСȻҲһѣӴ
ӷһѰѺӱ
ӷ׶ӵգСһһ׾ЦЦ۾΢΢ϲ
ѾСˣһȥѪˮܿζƮ˳
ҪѹҪʱܿԺζԽԽŨˡǺŵĻƶƶζ֮ζ
֭Ǿ
ͷַ˼Сĸдһ˿ζڻһڡ
ӷųһ̵һھ˴Ĵָóԡ
Ҳˣ۾ͶŹԼССèƵáһЦҲһС飬ſСⶼѾѹˡ
ӷȥͲȥÿһﶼõС㣬ټϰĻƶСҲģߵɩ͹ȥ
ӷ峵ھӺ͹Ӽ͹ȥ
ϣôô
㰡ġ
Ǹɵһ㲻ʲô
лл֪ʲôء
͹ȥͦ˵ġͻƶۼ˱ǵζͲûšø͹ȥʱҪʱ򣬸ʮּʱΧھžͲûšôġһҡͷɲɣ̫鷳ˣҪǸ˷ô𣬻ͷֱӲǱ۾۾ˡ
ӵǴϲҲáѱǮˣʣһĲͷءʣⶼǴġЦϺȾơԽøӷཻܺã˼ǿԶ׽ġ
ԭһȶ͹ȥͱһС̵ģǿһһС㣬̵Ļƶ
֮˺ˣ裬ʮ㣬֭ʹҶζҲһ졣
֭Żƶ׷Ҳ㡣ӷСȻ˸Բ
Ѵͷϣŵ߹Сһޡһͷԣ
ȫ嶼İζš
ڶ켸ɩӴյСϪԱߵʱ򶼵Ǹ㰡û
ɲզܰѶôóԡ
ҹ˵ƶܰѻƶôҷ϶ⶫǱ͵ġҲ˼͡һʱͦΪѡ
ɩӵҵĸͷãĲǳԹأûĺóԡ۳Ǯ򡣡湴ˣ£үӣǺӵġһԵģ˵ûԹ
ǣͷʣ
š


20 
ڶһ磬嶼̸Ļƶ㣬Ե
լߦͷġζ
СȻ붼ͷȥԵĿˡ
극ϲһ
§һ£ˣȥɡǰͦġҲ֪ôģ֮ǰ˲ֹһ㣬Ҫ
СȻȥˡйӴ棬СһﶼˣܣǷܵЦ
ȺȻ֮󣬺ӷҲѧӵӿļ
ӼֳǺãʱԸϱ׽
˺ӷһ£Ҳû֡
ӷǵûɿĸһЩȥĶ䣺ڶС˯ġЩ
ûԼģҲܸоշȣú˯Ͼ̯ࡣ
ӷ㲻˯ţ´αˡ
˾˵ССģĴӦˡӷա
Ҳ·˳Ĳùȥһ׻ϴް·֮ǰͷʱĺòϡ
ųȥͱΧˣ֮㡣ܶڴġڴһܲġÿ³һһΣĶ඼ԤɩҲл·գҲǮ
ܶǵһγգ޲̳Եڶ 
Ժ˵ɣǸϼô㡣
Χһֻʧջ۹⡣˵Ļǣһĸ㡣ǹڵĻɱôͷ
Ҫȥɩ·Ҳ
ļ˴һ𣬻˵ˡ΢ĺõ㣬࿡
ɲû񳤵úÿ,ֻϧûиõ,Ȼһ컯ˡ
ںӷҲͦϸɵģӴ峤˵ҪѺӷܵСɻȥСǳĺÿʮģǮ
ϣǿɹֺõġ˵š
˵ӷ˵㣬ؼլ˰ޣ
զô۲ǱģǼɶˡ
ȥɩǱߣɩӾͰѺؼĻ˵Ϊǰ㰤ҷ֣ûؼլûˡ
ҾǰЩԵιҲǳԡ˵Ƿּˣһ뵽Ҷӱ۸ôʱ䣬Ҿͺ޲áǳԶΡ
ɩӵǣӲѡǰҲ֪ǹӣ֪˾ûһ˲ǵġӷᶼڿˣϥ¾һӹã
šɩӵް鷳ҷ졣ͳʮĵĶǮ¶֮ٸµʮľͺˡҪĶ࣬ټ϶װ鷳һ㶩Ҳʡõʱû·
ɩЦģ֤һƯƯģ
лɩŻȥȥ·ϾͿӷˡӷӴ峤ڹȥСӻˡ
Щ᲻ãǷӶһЩΣգǰ컹˵ڴһ׳ǷӵʱȡǰúӷȥɻΪû취ˡڼһǮˡͲôࡣ
ܲȥô
ӷۼǵǮŸǷӺ͸ѧءӵҴ˾ڸڴɻϾͻˡȥɻһʮ¼š
ҵ
ӷõˣҲҹ
˹ͻ
šӷỹҪȥӴ峤СӱҴ˵仰ˡ
ȥӴ峤СӶڣСӰֺڽȫ磬ֶʵĸоǸ߰ȱˡ󻹸Ӵ峤˰ֵ򣬻ؼ
Ӵ峤һ˰֡
ȫʹȥ˸ڴ壬һƽʲôġúӷȫϳ
ӷڸǷӵ˶ô
ȫЦడͷ׬˵ǮʮسɻĻץһʮ˵Ķ顣ӸĻͷǮһ㲻
ӷҪǸһӵöǮסĻľͷأֻ꣬Ѿסˡ¸Ƿӡ
ȫǳɶˣʮܸǸ߷Ҫǵļ߷ټԺǽٵöʮשͷשĻǵöʮһ㶼⼸֣ӵǸɻĻϡǮס·ˡ
ҲԼ뼸СӸǵģҵרԼŪľû۴Ҳǵĺá
Щ껹ԼǷģڶ˸ǷˣʡĻӡҸǸҲʮ졣ػϷë
ٶȿһЩܿ͵ˣǸյڴ壬ͿһȺ˶ڸǷӵæµš
ΧһȺϰգ¶Χš
ȫһЩеĹ˶ϵĻͣˡǺӷᣬǴܸɵģ֣ɻ
ǡȺг˸Ƥڵˡ
ӷͷ֣һˣŲʹ졣
Щˬ
Ҳû˵ʼŸɻӷ󣬰̧ľͷС̧ʯͷɳ֮ġЩźᣬ΢Ūһ¾Ϳ԰Ū졣
ӷЩҪĻǺܼ򵥡
ȫ绹ǻңһɲ١
Сӣһǽʵ
ġ
ӷĸɻ֣һɳʯͷľʲôĶ׼áǷӵٶȶһ㣡
ȣһҪЪһЪӷ͵͵ֵǸΪɶǵң
һЩˣӷָ˽磬ȫһߵ鶼ܵġԼҵĹǮ˼أѵÿӷôܸɵˣô׵ġĵĸþСѲ
͸ӷ˵ˣȫҪȥϣͰѹ˵齻ˡ߸ǮȻһһģҲݴÿ״ϸ¸һģԦ֮ˣǳɻģǲ뱻һģϵõһɻǱȱܶ׬ӡɲС
ֵԼֶӸйɻǸֶӲʮ꣬ʲôȫ粻ôҪ˼ֱ˵ľܾͰŪˡ
ӷˣԭΪԼֶĻҲû˵ʲôҲ㷲Ͻȥܸɾ͸ɣܸɾͲɣҲʲô¶
ȫ߸վͱصĴ峤̸ˣе鶼ɹ
һӷ߰˱顣ΧҴֵ磬СЪЪɡЦ˵
һɲ꣬˸ɻĵطүĵطɾ͹
۶ƺӷᡣ
ӷЦӲˡ˵ѶԱһӣͳ
һӡ̫ڵԸԸɻҲܸɣǲίһʮľ⹷ǰװӣΡ
üëһˡΪӷѰСأôһ㲻ӡԺôܡ
ߵ˶ǴСӣΪɶ統ͷΪᣬ񱻺ӷӣʱ²̨ˣʰ
кˣçȻвġǾȭͷȻȻҪǲӷѹˣԺ߾ͱĻˡ
һɤӾ˳ˡ
һ˵ãô˶һˣºӷԿȥȫȥˡҪһȺçŪµʱղ˳
ȫһ̸ϻǰǰҲһӵĹѾһƬˡֻкӷỹվ
ϰհ֣ǸղҪȻȻһ۾Բ˿©һ㡣
󶼿ʼȫ˵ղŴж༤ҡ
ȫҲˣ߶Ǹɻ֡ӷô̵ʱ˸̵ȻͬѰ
ǳºӷᣬӷ᲻ˣȻﲻӭ߾ˡ
ȫ֪ǸʲôƢȻӷᵫҲӲֻźúӷ뿪ˡҲʱȫ绹Ǹʮģױ»һЩ
ӷлǮ뿪ˡ
һߣҸɻԹصˣǰкӷڵʱǶɲ١
ﶼЩ뷨һԼɵأҸɻ͵ˣ˶಻ףãŪˣǴҸɡǻãӷղôûء
ӷ߻صĴӣѾ׼ʳˣ߽ԺӾŵζ
ӷջؼңˣһ۾Щϲ֮ɫôˣ
ӷˡû˵
֮ǰͲ̫úӷǻ̫Σգźӷˣˡ
ӷģȥϴ裬
һȻȻҲСͷĶؼҡ
ӷЦȻȻһá
̿͹ɡ
ӷȴ֮䣺ϾԼĶӡ˵ȥϴˡ
߳ȥͿмҹϵԺõɩӵҪȥأ¶ˡ˾ˡ


21 
ӷһæȥ˺ؼլȻһȥͿܶ෽Ҵʮˣ˾Ҳͷ
ǿӷæóһ
ӷľ˾˵Ҷ֪ôίΪʲôҾ˾ˡŭȻккҪǺӷǻŪɣ浱ûˡ
ضԴӶӰңٴ˱ﶼЦû˺ӷϱĺͶﴦҡ
ӷŪ˳ԣȴ©ȻǳӲˡһ޴йأ˾ضһӻˡҲʮ׳ֱӳ˾Լҵ¶һˣʲôʸСС
˾ŭ⣬㻹ôզզġҪˣ㻹֪ô۸ӷء
ǺǿģҪ˹Ҳ磬šһԿǡӷźܶ˶¸֮ġôũҺҪеǿɾˡ
ӷæλǵļ¡
кӷ⻰Ҳ𽥷еĶ˽
ض㻹ͬʰ׵ɣСôûŪأ
ӷ졣ԴӺӷ᲻֮ǰԺضƴ֮ƾͺܾˡ
СҲЩôҲô˵ô
˾һĸУԼĶڼҳģŪôҡ
պúӷ幤ػûüһϴɾͷġ
һضǸԼˮģȴӱƳӡ
Сһôָ𣬲ˣҲ˲֮ģøƨʱż꣬ȷ¶ˮ󰡣Ҫ֪ܵСʱҲʡ˽鷳ǻͬҵġ
һȥŪҰɣҲˡֱӳȥҪӾ˾˵ҪվԱߵĺӷһ£Сϲһ˵ˣʲôɾͱָףһũĸָ׳ܶࡣ
СһУߺ޲ѡ
˾ŭţ˭ءû¶ҪǰգɱҶֵġ
򺣴ͷϵһ仰ҪǸһ£ұ֤塣
СһʱЩ⣬ȻӺضǸҷϣгϢĴӣǾͱֵʲôˡ
ӷŶôצ˹㻹ˣ
źӷЩʹĵˣ㲻øһʶ
˾ԱһˡӲաǺض˵Ҫҽ룬ֵķзġԭõģŰҽΨһĶô¡
Ůӿ̡˵Ǻ룬Ǳݣܶ˻˵һЩаǷﶼۣŮǱ׶ģеϵİܻҲͲ˵ʲôˡ
ȴǺض˵ĿŹģΪԼ˹飬ʺϿۣףôĳȫһˡ
Ϻؼҵ˷ǵ֪ʡһһզȻĻǾͰ
ڴʱ峤Ӵ峤ͬʱ峤Ȼ峤ݱ򳤸°ˣôãﻹмֻܵ磬üͷǷҴﺰɱģ۸ǳˮûˣȫעˣһ¶ƴˡ
˭ңӷθһӷ˳ñ͸ߴǳһ峤ϵһ˺¡
Ӵ峤찡ĵҪ˭ҿܰǵ˽˭ͣԷҵ˵ҲǼĶҪˡǱˡ
˾˵Ϊ峤˵һ乫ôֲܵϴ峤ء
峤һ˵϶ʱ͹Ҳסˡ
˾˵ͷƾɶ֮ŮϡҸǣеˡңвҪءд峤СģҸӣҪʰľض˭ҪǸһģһʰ
˵ˣضĶǾ˾˵Ķ֡۳û˰æЩˡ㡭㡭򺣡
˶֪ض򺣱ȶӻءȻһٸԸ⣬ʱҲɲں档
˾ȻʵҪһԶͳԲˡӷһ²ӡȻ˾Ǹҳӵģϡ
Ҵ˺ͳˮ˶ڿš
ӷһȭһɨȡ򺣾ͱ̵ڵˡʵʵһۣСϷƵóŶӹҴǿ֣ǰԶǾ˾˰ѺضĿ޵
ӷʵʵĴһ٣ʹˡͷװƵáʵÿһζݺضС۸һڡӦűǺӷһСһҲࡣ
СһֱԱ߼У˶ۡ


22 δĴ
Ǻݺʰһ١
˾ߵʱ򻹸ӷԺҪ۸㣬ֱҴҡһ۱Ĳǰ򣬺ݺݵһ
һڶʮǰӦôˡΪΪŷҺ޵ĹﶼܵӰ졣ڵصӣǱ˿ǵڹ꣬춼гˮˣзҴСǣ֮˭Ҳ˵Ϸ˵а
ӷ˾˵ҪǲżĻһ١
˾˵ˣһЩ顣󻹴ӻͳһСƤӷƵģСãǸȻȻģҲ֪ǲǵү
ӷ´Ҵȥݷ
˾һʮֿġǸáͻ˻֣ˣˡԼȥ
Щֵһ뿪
ӷǱ˾˾˲ŴҴȥϴ˸ؼҡһңͿȻȻڽιСءŻعܹſСֵﶼġ
ӷֱӰѶӱڻѾ˾˵ǸСݸ˶ӣǾүġ
ллү̵ĺò
ӷûסһ¶С´δȥȥл
СȻ˵ͷ
ӷջص˱ıƤɢĳϴɾɽҰѿѱĨϵ㽴㰮ԵĲ˾ֹ񫡣
һڳ˵ӣӳԵ࣬Сһ̰ģÿζҪһıȻһڳ£ӹĵСƵáСһÿһγԶ档
ӱ㣬ӵı΢΢Щȣгǿ顣ÿһپ϶͸ˡ
ӷᶼ˲ϳԣ͹⿴Ŷˡ
СȫȻ˱˵۹⣬ԵĿרעˡԶʳﶼҪһ㡣
ǸũԺûʲôʳ޲ĹءȻȻٳһɣˡԺܶ࣬նԲˣɰҲ֣ÿܶ⡣
ӷһи
Ȼһ佱̸˵Ķԡ
ЦǸһۡϣѶС˯ţŻش󴲣ͱӷһ˾͵Ļ
ڵҹҲû˳Ƶĸ첲ˡӷС׬ӣȰѷӸһ£ȻȻʱҲȥѧѧһ¡
ȻȻѧôǵļҵױĴɩǿ԰͹ȥ顣»ôǮӲǿϣһһ¶²˾ġ
ǰСȻܹ¶Χûʲôȥ档ڶ˹Ӻ飬ֶˡ˵ȻȻҲС뿪˼»ᱻ˼۸
ӷǼȻȻ϶ѧãѧ㶫ôҲԿֲִܱʶҪáֵ׬ǮҪġ
˵ɾͲˡԺӷȻǻȥϰ̯ɡͷȻæۣ׬ǮҪǰǮٶȣǸǷӺͺѧ¶ͲԶˡ
ӷǿġׯﶼ֪˲֪ĲϡҿԵĻͦ׬Ǯġ϶ࡣţϴϣ󣬹ɷ˲١ȵ죬̨ǰɲһܵ¶
׬Ǯʲôܸۡɡһֱ˾óԵġֻǰȱٵϣټںؼլʱСһֱǵĴнһЩոЩæɩ㣬ڶ챻ſ佱˺þã΢еˡ
ӷóԵģѹӵ˵˵Ӧô졣ũȥĻ᲻ࡣûйӵ߼ҴĻϢ࣬˵һͷ׬һʻûʽĸлء
ռ
ӷɡ

ڶȥһֻɱˣֱӾͿʼǰԻرˡ
ӷ˳˰վƣ빷ӵԷ
ӵһϲԼˣͷ˭ҶԣϴǸƶ̫ˣϷóԣͷ˲ٲ߶ӡ
ӷϲͺáолףһЩɽϵĸ棬һ߳һߵռȻûζѾƮԺӣչӵ˵ζܾһھơ
ӷ˵̯
ӵˣǳȥ̯϶𰡡ΧسǣÿеӶһϼ̫Ѿˡ̳̳޹ޣˮˮģһټ¯ӣ̫ˡȻǾһ½ģһ̶̯λÿȥϻǮķʡˡ
ӷһҪô˵ʶأռûãȥ¶ˡ۸úúһ١
ӵԺӷҲཻһô˵ˬľʹӦˡ


23 
˳ţӵźӷȥҡӷסλöһһǴӱϡӵҲ࣬˭֪Ҿһƥ
ӵȥس㡣
ӷۼƥҲɱţˡ
ӷ˳ӵȥһˣȥ˵ַ˺üװĶϴǸͷĻ࣬Ƶһӡպøϳˣͷ졣
˵ɿ졣ڳܸоķ
ӵҲǼ⣬㿴ô
ӷģߴ󣬾ǳЩªһ۾֪ĳ
ӵҿġҪ˵ǿǴǮҰ֮󣬲ϻιҹܣţһ»˰ǮءҪˣһҪǮֱŪڡϱԹţȴͦġ
ӷȥҲ㡣
ӵ⻰ЦǵǣҪߵĻʱϳһʱ͵ˣ뿪ɲɣһ¸Ͼ͵öģһһӣ⻹˵ҪǱ׳С󣡲СƢҲѵԵƢ˳
ӷԽԽϲҲѯĵط
ӵʮͳˣĵطû֪ģ飬ܿ͵سǣӵȰԼĻжСԺӷˡ
һ̶ֹģ·ܿС̯м䣬һԼԲеĵ·һЩ̡
ӵ·ĴźӷȥţרŹ¶ｻǮд飬ͷ۴ŰɫʣطǮǹ·ˣһ£Ҳ࣬͸ϼлʱ˶ࡣϳһֵֻ̯ʮݶ
ӷ͵͵ߵһ˶ʮģЩɳɻĶûɶƽһТ̲ӷôʶȤطĺܴ
ӷһζϣ˸СַһʮģܷӵͷרŸһԿףԺӽŽУСԺӰ췿סһвŸӵش塣
ҾͿռûʱζͺŨˣڸ˴Ρӷ͹ӵѩ׵׷ռеصʳƣӵԵĺģ߻ʣһ㣬һȡ
ӵƾܵô˼أѾԵĹˡ
ӷǸӵġ
ӵϲĶĸҲͰư͵ˣλεĻȥˡ
ӷҲһƣ϶ż־˵ˡ
ʲôأ˵ĺóԣ̫û
ӷõģҪӱĨζıլǱĹһûլʱ޵С϶˵Ľպɶóԡ
ĨڱϣǺӷǰĳԷһֱԲ塣õǴɱͺܶࡣ
ǴĳԷܳԵĹô
¡
˽컨˲Ǯ򼦻ʮġ̯λͷŶĵطټϸϵȵȣǮʣһһʮˣһǮȫҾôǮˡ
ǰǼʲôʲôⲻ֮ǰôˡҪӷȥһֹʮһģȥͷǱ߻ǮԼϸϸûÿһĶþϸ㡣
˽һµ̯λÿһ۵ķþĵĳɱȲҪ׬Ǯ
ҪֲͬһģȥʯǱԼɣһȦһȦƵ˿˲Ÿꡣ۲ùɸӷɻϸ£棬һһһҶûС
صѾϽˣ˺ܶඹ͡
ӷζԽԽŨˣžˡ
ȳǱġ
ӷҽǲȳҲģǺؼҵĽûֶΣԣҲֻиļ֪պãһϹ׬ǵǮ㹻˳֪ˡ
ȳ廹ұˣʮҲ˵Ǽ¶
ӷǸˣԺýȥȡϰѽˡá﷽ˡڼңȥɡӱҲᣬҪĽ֭񶼰ˣԸˡ
ҲȥϴǺӷľҲУҪǲȥĻڼ˼롣
ӷֲϱĥ˯
ڴϣûһȻȻҲܹҪǵм䣬ɺˣСԺӷȥĶΪ˽ʡʱ䣬Ѿѳ̯ҪõĶڰ峵ˡСһ˿Сźӷ·۰Ͱ͵Ŀš
ӷҸСȥһ㶫ϻǳԡ
СȻҲҪȥôִŵıһޡ
ҲԱߣȻȻ
СȻһۣ鶼żֿʱ򣬻ø첲Ĩһѣмįǣһ𡣡
ӷŶһУ㲻ߣȻĻӸץͼˡ
СȻû뵽⣬صĵ˵ͷЩͬôúȥ
СȻͷҹԡһٲȥͿ޸񿴵ļơ
üͷСȻ״ãֱӹĻСǰ棬Ӧˣ۸С
ԼҶӣһʱûסѽĴˣô
ӷСȻûҪ˯˼ǿƵϨ˯𴲵ʱҪѣǾһȥҪ˯˾ͲȥˡҲޣĺǳԡ
šӵɫˣҲûаСһﱧԼС˯һڼһ𣬵Ҳһܰûһ˯ĺͶȳˡ
ӷ¶ĺ硣һҲˣͷ컹Ǻڵġ
ӷĵİȻӻ˯СһҲԼС˼һֻץס½һСȻԺˣڴϴǷ
Ѷӱڴϣ˯һɡʱԺʵ̫ĥˡ
ȻȻһȴϣˣҪ񱧡
Ȼ۾⣬Ҳ֪ôˣĿӷᡣ
ӷˣŰɡȥѴҲ֮Ķᵽ峵ϡ
Ǵµϡ
Ŷӣ˿СӴŸо˰ȫĻ˯ˡֻñŶһ·ߡ
ĴǾĵģֻзιӵʱʱڶ߻졣
ӷŰ峵ҪѺӷڳϣҵѸ
û¶˵šǶӶôˣûһ۵ĸ첲ᡣӷӹӣСһˡӷᱳŶӣСһ̧ͷǣúÿ
һֺӻ˶Цˡ
ʱȥ̯λǰֻǼ̯λˡԵġըģģҲ̯λ֧ˡһ¯ӡԱ߰ڷһ塣ѽϺѺõжʮ˰ӵۡǴ˸ɾľˮȵСϴϴ֣󵱳ӡ
ߦ棬ӷȻڹӣ˷ֹȷ
Ѿϡϡˡ̯Ͽһһ붹ǺȣҲֽŻؼҡ
ְ̯ף˿˼ۣûʡ
ܿһűӺˡӷᶼúãеȣͷһӹóðһݣƤ֣滹͵ġ
ȳ԰ɡҲûʲôˣôõ·
һ
ѱˢһƵȱһ±˾˵ζڵըĿˣؿ˺üۣһűгС顣˳ˣȻóԡӷԷȽϿ죬űͽ˶ǣԵҲ㡣
ӷ˵ڶţͿǱ߹ǮԽ߽Խŵζһϣ˻أѣ־Ľһ
Ǯһšõǻϴɱͣûĥ۵ĴǮһͺͽټϲһű׬Ǯңһ㲻ʵڣôʵһűһ˶ܳԱڹͷ滹ʮǮһˣԱܻ㡣
һô˵һţԶŵˣ㣬ˢ㽴ҿء
ӷʳûǮÿ˹ĿǮСȻ
Сһû뵽һôҪ񣬶ʱظͦˣһ渺ӡ


24 ܵ׷
ʳѣˢýϵıгСֽãֱһˣóԣζǰҲ̯ɣ
šӷ˵ţԺ궼̯
ǿһЦһ
ˣӷԼҶյܹȥ֪Ķһ鷽ʯͷվʯͷ棬˫ְǮϻϡ۾ĿȺ
ǲû˼ͱˡô۶УҪ¶ġ
СȻȴܾСִָӷƢһģһ
ܿ˾ͶˣӷһֱӱӺþˢϣӺõıǰڷš
ǮһŰһ·⡣
Ǯӷ˵š
һšǮǱ߳һҪʮǮء
Ҳһš
С̯Ӻܿ˲ٵˣһűҪһܵȵ˾ͿճģҪǲܵȵĿӺõıȵġ
ܿӷӺõžͱ˶ˣֻԱ߸ɵˡ
·ȥԵġ
ıеĻҪ죬Ѿʼˣ֮ǰ׼ĶʮŶˡ滹мģǿ߻Ҫº棬ɢˡ
ҪģӷϨ˻˹ԡҿ˼裬һѰӵ涼ˡ˶ţȻϸ֡
̯Ҫȿ
СȻͷһسǣֻﶼʣۿͷˣϵҲ΢һЩ̯вٶʼ
֬Ϻõ֬
ϡ
ʡǵĺϣִĺϡ
СȻĿתģߺɫСȻ˿ǣֿ˿󣬵Ҳɡ
򺰲ģںӷҲẰĶӲȴ׳־
Ҫԣ
СȻӦĻͦ죬ǹʱȴС
ӷһûסЦ˳
СģƳΧûһġ
СȻЩȣƵôʯͷϱܵԱ߰ĻЦҡ
ӷæӽ͵ûЦ㣬ȻȻĺܲǶ¸ҡ
СȻһ⻰ֻصԭʯͷϡǸղ˵㣺
Сһ࣬˵Ϳźӷᡣ
ӷҶ
Сһظͦøֱˣ˵ϡ
ܿ컹бߺĿˣǸʦô
Ǯһš˵š
šʦˬ˵ţһ⣬ɣţȥǱ򶹸ԡȸǮ
ʮġСȻ˵š
ʦСмϲȵôСˡ
СȻĿ˺ӷһۣЩġСѧϰ飬µıˡ
ʦý׳ſ޹˼ҵĺӡ
СȻǵû£ԴǵĸҲСӣҽ궼Ѿˡ
ʦЦã㲻СӣӺ
һ䣬ͦĸˡ
ʦȥȶˣѺǸ׬Ǯ⣬οСͷĿֶһζ룬ѾѽŪˣžͿߡ
صھֻȥԣֽȻȱֽôһûͷǲִƤˣζѾȫ뵽ˡ
һͺʵıƤͽҳһʳζصľ⽴΢ζһڻԡţôʳһٶԲꡣ
ܿζͰָճˡ
룬ʲôأ
ˡ
ɶ
Сֵܹ⼸ǽ¼ģƽ뷹סʦѾ԰˷ֱˡǱ¿һҽģζЩǳ԰ɡһơʣһء
лл硣
粻ǵģǴ
󼸸˾ͳˣҲǸո˯ѣʳʢʱ򣬲ųһڣм־֮ɫھֵˣǰҲѹһЩصƷǴ˼ͣʲô㰡ռӲԣ⽴˳ڡ
СӷֳһŰıȫûԱҪûҲòǳ˾ͲСæҳȥ򡣡
Сӣš
ҲҪš
ֵ˵ţ߳ھλǰüͷǸɶأ˵ô֡
ˣСӵ˵ĽأɺóˣǮһš
ŶǸҲʮŰɡʮĶЩ˵СǮ
áһȥģȥһӣһ˾һֽõĽùˣǻǱŶأһЩӺõù
ھֵǰ˵ͷЩ˻ġ
⼸˾Ͱѽ򿪣ζһƮ˳˻һ
꣬ƤʵϾͣԽԽ㣬ԽԽ롣
ھֵ˱ͦǮģɵĻǮܸĶǿ
ھֵͷĿĻǡɽԲϸƴⲻϡԣͷҵ˱ͷóԣڿڽޣȥɽ¥ƹݳһϯ滹ءȥǼֵܶһڡҲʡһ˯θۡ
ɡ
ȥǣ⼸ھֵǰ϶ˣЩںӾͰԽһڡűﹻô˳ԵġԻãһԾͲˡ
СӣСôûأ
˵䣬Ǿͻ˱űھֵ˶ˣɵˣ˰ζɻһûأݺݵĳһ١ôˣýָͷѰ˼Ѱ˼Ҳ֪԰
ֵզôء
ѽ򿪣أǶٺܿûˣûԹȥʮš
ղȥСӵûˣȥʱʮš
ʦզأǻкܶô
Сӵ㻹֪صˣ֣һɶͶ򡣡
Щ˶ԽѶĲˣôţ۶ʮţһԡ
ʮűĹһ˾ܳţ
ҲǡûԵˬɲʹˣоܳԽȥһͷţ
ʦϴ˵ǷͰû˵ǡһ˽Ǯ⣬ȥ򡣡
ĹɶģҸоھֺһӣշǮһһķǡÿǶӳԣʡĵĳܴҪ
ҿС¶ǣͷܿ;ˡ
ʦȥģźӷǱ߹ȻΧšæԲ¿˵˼ɣûˡһһȰ˸ˡ
ʦҶʮűȡ
ͷһ⣬˿ЩЩΧһô˵ǼҽζˣҲ
ӷɣҪһĶʮűʮģһٶʮľͿˡ
ʦʹĸˣܿءһھͿ̯ؼҡͷһ̯׼һ˭ôá
ȥ·ϣſںӷı˯ˡ
۾ģһʱˣ˷ܵ״̬û߳أǮˡ
ӷᵥƳһֱֻȥ˯ĶӣĶĶ


25 
˼ңӷѶӷСϣСһˣһ·ôĶûѡ
ӷѳϵĶжȻȥ˯ɡСԵ׬ǮҲۣ첻̯Ȼðʳĥ棬ϣ棬һֱ̲ϢҲס
˿ҲˣͷʱͷеѣˣҲðôӷᣬȸ˯
ӷԣһҲ˯
ҲЩˣʵǿסˣŴӦݣӷſյİ峵ȥˣȥﻻ˼Ǯһÿһʮ
֮󣬻˽峵ھӡӷھӵӣҰɡﲻСҪʲôԽãʹ
ھӰ˰ֵʲôǮǮģðɡ
ӷȴ֣ҪԼľʦҲҪü졣ھӼҵ峵ȻЩͷˣĻͦõģҲɡ
ھӵ峵ʱҵͦľľϹ⹤ǮġҲģȻҪľС
ӷӦˣȥȡǮҴ峤֤ҽìܺ顣
ӷؼңҪ¶ҲȥϢˡĵ˴
˭֪ƺУֱӷֱӽĻ
ӷûסԼһڡ˵Ӱʵ㶼
һڶˣմͷǰδеʸУܿҲ˯ˡ
ӷǱһζġѣѾѷ˸ˡ
ӷ˯һʱܽⷦоƣɢ˲٣𴲳˷ˡ
ԼǸСèӣ˯˹ԹԵСϣźӷСȻԶſֱҪ
ӷѶӱڻСһϣúӷһ˿顣
˳극СȻܳȥˡ
Ҫӷȥĥ档˸ñŪһЩС
ȥǮͿʼĥʯĥǷڴڵġũУżҳôĶʣŪôɶ
ӷС⡣
һ򺩺ţҰȻĥɶʱ
ӷ󣺡ллţ壬ԼС
Χ˻Щޣ˲һ˶֪СĿ࣬źؼש߷ȥʮӻҪ˵ӷ᲻Т˳ԴϴαҾ˾˴һͣ˲١
Ҿ˾˷ŻˣҪ˵ӷ۸һδһΡ
ӷĥĺܿ죬һһ֪Ƶáż˵仰ǰӷ᲻˵˻ΪǺؼҵ԰ءڲ֪ԭӷԸġ
ܿĥ꣬ƳϣŻؼң·Ͽˡ
Ȼֵܣ򺣰磬óļӣϴαӷһǼǳˡڿӷתߣһ仰˵
˱ȽΣǺӷѹںȥ֮Ժǽ㡣ʮĽȳʮһʮĽˣײС̳ˡ͵Ľô׻ٹˡ
˻֮Ѹ档
һٸӣӷȴ˵һʮ
ӷġæһ죬ϼ򵥵ĳһ񣬲ſʼǮ
ﻹһǧһٶĵıǮͣ˰峵ľǴˡ
۾ЩϲһΪǮأһͻر
ﶼ˵С̷ֻܻڣҪ˵Ǯ˶ô˵ǶΪˡ
Լ˲֪ȥ˺Ūˡ
ӷǲô˵Ҷɣǻ׬ʲôǮЦôȥÿ춼ģ¾͹Ƿӵˡ
صĵ˵ͷ
ڶ˴СȻҲˣһôԺˣҪӷö
һĳˡ
ӴߵͦģǴһ·ߣߵʱʳ̯Ͱں̯ˡ
Ѵ󲿷¯֮ļķ˱𴦣ƳֻнϡͱƤۣ˲١
հ̯λϣ˹Ѱ˼첻̯أ죬ű˵Ϲ˿ͣһŻȥһųԾûˡ
ӷῪʼű
̵֮ܿˡ
ӷͣĿʼӱھЩԤʮűء
ӷӱļԽԽˣʲôʱƤ֣ʲôʱתȴĺֱܲҲǿ鼼ġҪǷ̫࣬Լھˡ׺ҪջС
ÿһűˢƽʱ򶼻ɢһ˵ζ
һֱûйż͵һš
ʮűһ߰ߡŻǺ׳۵ġûУҲ
ܿǸʦˣСӺСӡֽǰϱߡˬĸʣһٶʮġǿζأǸܲһ㡣
ӷһ˸ɾС룬Ҩ˰ҪǮˡͻ
ǽ꣬Ǻ͡ž㡣
ȥ֮ھֵ簾ϡ࣬ڵʱѵô롣Ѳ湴͵ųء
֮ܿ󣬴һһŵġõһ㶼ҧһڣϸܳԳʳ𣬹ԱеɣٺһϡࡣǼƽʱ緹˶Ե໽С
θûôãҲóһŰ롣ǼˣŴף޵׶ƵáԵֿͣõʱûˡ
ʵҲԵĿ챥ˣû񫡣ۼĿźúõıԣͷÿĨϽһһڳԵר־ġ
磬ɶأ
ġ
ҸϰҪĽպͷҲóԡ
ͷھǹܹǹ˸ͷʱ붼Уһô˵æȥͷһԣ۾ˡ⽴Ǿˣ滹кͣƽƽͷպ֮󶼱ôóԡ
⽴ɡ
׷Ҳܺóԡ
Ҳа
ĥԷǰ̲סЦһľ֪ԡ
ҲϲһڣͷĨһ죬ͷպĸɸɾˢĻɾȥ㡣
ŸС̳ӳȥˡ
ӷ⽴ĵصĶЩûģҲҪ
һʱæĲɿŵıЩһѧģθҲСԲһšĵҲĵľǰűĵľĵĻһ
źܶˣǮıȥըǵطһ붹ԣǮԵıġ
Ǳһֱˢϣбټߦ棬æĲɿ۳̫ȥˣһʱһͶɢˣһʮŶأҪű
ж٣
ӷǴӵӣһ»жʮֿʼҪܵȵĻ㹻ˡ
۳ʣ¶ˣȽǮĲСǮľûˣö˶ʹĽǮ
ŪԱߵ˵ôóԣ
ǿɲűܵ˵ԡҽٶ㡣ʵݣԣȳԶóȻܵ
һô˵м·ҲĶ
ںӷ˵ű˭Ҫ
⼸·˵һš
Ҫš
ҲҪһš
ʣµҰԲˡ
ôһʮűӲһûʣ¡
ǻ棬۳Ŵ̫Ҫ̯ʱǶ̫ؼңκӷ˵ʲôҲˣôؼҡǳõһθԼۻˡ
Ҫ̯ʱʦ룬ٶʮű⻹и¶ֵܶĺܲ㡣
ҲǸɣҿాһЩӷһ³ɱʮһܳңҪǷ̳ĵطܶ졣
һԼ̳ˡ˵ӷ˸ƣȳ̳ӵװͷһŪûպãʮġ
縶Ǯ̵̳Ļȥˡ
һҲ㽴ﰮԽĶԺؼҵĽôá콴ζĻͷһΣҲʼˣһʮǮһӷʮݶԼҴ붼ˣԷ˵ͻ
ȥ·ϣӷԺһʮűɡҲ̫ۣϽټϱӵģһˣϳɱҲ׬߰ء
ҲȻӦˡ
˺ܾǲŵ˼ңȥˣӷڼɻѶӷСϣ˯ͷһӰζ
ӷ̳ȥˣӰû뵽ԼֻæܣĶܹӷᣬûһͱץסˡǴСӣӷӴ֪࣬ӷϵôˣ飺ض磬ץҸɶԼԵȻ


26 ˳ˮ
ӷῴӵ˵أסĵطƫƧ,  ˻ġ
ȥĥֻۣȻȻһˣ
Ʊ,  Ǳӷôһţ촽ֱ¡ֱĭ,  Ŷۿӷᡣ
ӸӷȻһ,  һ·,  ǰûӴ֪ӷô,  оԼһ̾Ҫˡ
һʹһȭһҽС
һԺӷĴ,  ˵çĺ,  ޵ȹˡ
޻ס
ӷ˵ʵŶһȭ
ӵĲҽж,  ΢Ĳ,  Ҫٲ˵ʵ,  һᱻӷġ
,  ,  𡭡,  Ҵˡӻ䣬һ
ϵһӡ
һɫ,  Ͻȥ,  ȴһӷеõӡӷЦЦӲС
һţӾǷųȥķݣһ߳ס֮ǰӷỹֻǻɣȫˡ
ǳˮĴ˶Ѫ,  ۸ſĿϷŹ֤ҵˡӷ۾øˣҪˡ
ӵɫһף硣һڣǻ˿˿ۡ;úͷһһڶѪ˿ֻʲô£˿Ŀ־ĶҸӷԿһĽŲûӸ߳
ͨһ¹˵ϡ磬л˵
ӷһ⣬Żӣĳֻ߽ľȿƣȴӻëɱ嶯
ɣֻҪӷ˫һս̼ȥĵⱲӶûôݵˣˡ
ӷѾŪ㡣
ӵģ˵ѻžиӡȻɴû԰ġ
ӷľͷӣôȥǼܶˣֻҪһѻͿԻٵĸɸɾ
ӷСϣ˵Ҳ⡣˵˼仰
۾һ˿ţźӷᣬá
˴Լʱ˾͵˭ɶأԶԶľͿŹŨ̡
ӴɱҲϡ
ȥԶԶһƬ⡣
ϡն˭ˡȺв֪˭һ
Ǳߵķ򣬵Ǽҡ
ȥȻ𰡡ǰľͷӾŻڶש߷ˣԭ
Ͱϵˣһȥȴɵˡﶥˣȼʱ˶ܡһͰˮȥˮнһöûС
ͷûУ
Զ򽴵ʱԼǸỤ̃ɶҲҪ̻ؼңԽ߽Խܿ߻֮
ֻûһѣΣҧ⣬ǼʹƬ̵
񰡣զŻءĵɩš
ӷȻȻ档ڷ
⻰Ҳһǲˡ
ûԥҪ壬ĴҪǽȥˣĻлĻᡣ
ʱĸ첲קסˣһŭĴһȻȻĺһС
סˣԴһһŤתԼԴںӷĻ￴᲻֪ʲôʱȦ֮УʧõĺӺˣ̰Ѻӱڻһڣˡ
ȻȻˣСָȥᣬȴԽԽࡣŪȻȻȦҲˡ
ӷĳִ֣Ҳ΢һ
û¶ͺá
û˷׬ɣ
ӷķ˳˴ţؼլܿҲ˵¶
ض޵쳤۰ǻáԴӺӷһ֮ǰ˳ӣʼа֮󣬾ûһ¶˳ģټСϳڶߴ磬Խķŭˡ
һźܶ˶ָʱǵ¶˵˳ӷ˾˴һ١
ؼĴġû˳Ͳ˭˳ۣϴǸǸӡĻ࣬С֣⼸ûһ徻ӡ
СϵɶүˡȻôҲձ˼ء
ضһüе
С̽ĺطȥʣûС˵⻰ͻأ˵˲Т˳Ҫи̵ģǵҲʱٲò֡
ضüëһ׼Ǯߡһµ뻨ҵǮǹϴúýһ⵱Լ
СϾ֪ضһģ˵˼ûѺضֺǺǵġ
طȥˣһܳջˣû¶
ͬĸֵܣطСʱǺӷġ˿̵ǵǮɡ
СһûЩʹ죬ʺ˰ɣ˷ãүǡ
ͷж峤ǹȥһˡô¶ǿ϶ó档
ض߰ɣȥǶּˣʹʲôС
һӺطСϣضһȥ
ѾϨˣһƬȻľͷӹȻС
ŻڲһʱյľʣһЩľˡ
ȫ˶ˣѾˣСȻǼһ˲仯ΪУܰͷںӷĻ
һӣЩȥˡ
ô궼û¶ǸӴ峤¸ô졣
ӷˡȺ˵һ䡣
̿ȥȻǼҵˣض쵰źӷһվʲôҿûǮ
ӵǸˣûҪǮأ˵ʲôͨھӴ¶Ҳðοְɣɵá
ǡ

úõķӱճӡ
ӷҾβ¼ݻ𡣲Ȼôƽ޹ʵ𣿡
⻰һ˽Ծڴа죬ûһ־ͳɱСҪиݻ𷸲ڴǻ˵ã
򺣿һСϣãһͻȻ׹ˣСϾһšƾʲô˵ݻҲү㣬ҪǸѵء
ʶĵǰ棬⸱ӱ˷֡໰˵ǵ˻ǰ˵Ļȥ
Сһ仰ŭˣ˵Ļô
æԲﲻ˼ƻǺǰһǼұֵķŭأ֮ǰ˵ҪǮˣǺˣͻϡ
ڴм˵⻰ҲûоŲţ˵һ˻طǵ˺ӷǱߵ磬ɩû˰ɣ뱧ȻСȻŵˣ˭Ҳİںӷϡ
ӷֻΪֻҪȻܵ
˵Ż˵ģӷܱ٣峤ʲô¶٣֪ĻΪǴ಻أ
ҲôΪأǴôҲûһݻ𷸡
Сȫڴӵĺ󱳣ͷð
򺣿һΧˣûҪ˶ݻ𷸡Ǵûˡһ仰úӷᱳܵУӷᶼп򺣵ĺĻ֪ĻΪǺӷԴвأ
ڳΨһۡΪˣ˽򺣣ǵ͵²ؼ߸߹һϲ嵽˵ì֮УȴεƺӷᡣϾϺӷӵоԵơ
ϴ򺣱ûƽڼᶼԸӷᣬôôԵģһ˿õĸо
峤ԺӷҪǺӷҲᶪʧ峤ְλȲҪһźӷᡣȴСǰͼ˻
Χ󡣿ǺӷȻƵáôʲôû˵㡣ѵ
촽
ʱȺв֪˭һ䣺һǮ
Ķأ
ȫ嶼ˣһбǺ֮˹õǰ
ңӣеͩ͡
˵һ
Ȼ͸ӷԤϵⷿݻ
СϿǸǮǰЩ춪Ǹ
֮ǰ򺣰򺣲ϣʵǿߺӷңڡԼӣӣöԷ¶
ҲϣǲƲģС˳Ǯ滹жӡ
Ӹͱӷˣ֮¶ʵ顣
ӷһݣ˸ƾͼƣ
˿СǻһֻںŶָ򺣵඼ˣͷһθֻ򽻵ΪԼһ¶û뵽Ȼ˰ѱ
ɩӵѽⲻ𣿡ɩǵھӣСˇNɪû򺣸ɩǲĶʱȣ
ǰ
ضǲϲӷᣬԭ⿴Ա񣬿ͷָһҾЦһ¾ͽӲϣ˵ʲô
ԱǼɩӵģɺ״ҫǮ϶廨ǿɲ˶еģǮһء
۾Сϸض̫ѾּˣǻϰݣǲҪһڵô
Աߵ˶һƬȻ
⡭
һ䷭ȥϻƵ˵ʳӰ
һ鲻ãɲմϵֻҪûץǣܳϡ
ؼĺطʮıɵˡ
ɫҲҰף֪Ϊôˡ¶һֻ֪ǲ֪û롣
򺣲ǺؼĹǡ˿˶ˣǶ˶ֻɲ˵ǰЩ˵Ǯ֪ĶȥˣҲ͵ȥ˻ߡԭƲϵԽ˵ﷴԽˣô˵Ҳһˡô飿
ޣʲô㲻֪ôǼ˺õġ
򺣵ô˵
Сһ˿ɿʱ˵ŭƨʲôʺӶϿۣǵĶӶˡ
С޼ɵԱ߻кӷڳסСϵСϱ𿴶ݣȴܺºӷᡣ
ӷ۾ɨǾ;Ī顣
ӷɿֵͷŸɾ㣬Լʲôô֮ǰû˵Ǯˡ˵ʲô˼
ӵ£ҪǶǮָ
򺣵¶Ǹɵģ㲻Ҫ֮ǰǶˣʮ޽ӣǮǲҪ˸Ϊ֪ӷ֮ǰּҵǮ˵أջ٣϶ŭʮӶס죬ڴˢһøУ֪Ǻӷ᲻֪
̴žž졣
Сʼ͹źˣһ㣬ΧҲûѹ˿ͻȻ˲ץס˾һ㣬㷿ӱյʱһֱڼŻ˲ң
Ӵ峤Ժӷô죿
ӷȻ˷Ż¶Ѷ٣ưҪɱ˷Żץᱻ˷ڴҲǸҲΪ
򺣺ͣˣղźһٳ򣬺ò׸ӷ˸ƽ֣֪¶йϵǲϸ٣ˣһʵˣҲˡǺӷ˵ĺ֪η
ǼеķԵƵá
򺣲˵ˣСϸĶҪˡ
ʱһֱ˵ĺضüëһپ͸١ʲô˲ġ߰
СĻݺݵš첲һ¡۵ĺض֨ҽл
һĸˣл·ô
ܸ١ͻȻ˵š
Ŀⶼ￩һٶʵ̫ˡ
ԱΧ۵˶ĥζˡ
һֱֻ峤˿̶šüͷæϱ򲹶ģɩ˼ǣˣҪȥﱻһ»ųôġղͻأһ䣬Тϡ
ӷῴ򺣣Ǵһ˿򺣣ǲǾ˶ɵɣֻҪСϸҷģ¶ģ쳦öҾҪûҲûʧ
ţСĿϷ񶾵ԣʱŭôء
һ䣬ض񶼴ž֡
ΧԽˡ
СЩңĴĿšٱԼ׵˹Ȼǲͬ˿̵㡭˰װؿۣεˡ
æкطض˸ͻȥ¶֮ǰǡ¶ԽԽԺӷһ˵
ӷҪȥ
Χ׷ףǰˣ
СϻΪԼǳϷء
˵ккǰ˵ﶥǿһ㣬Ҳûкġ
ӷߵһߣ򺣵ɣҸǶʮӣ¸һӡ
ӷ̵ĺöӣ
ɫһףһ˲оӷᶴϤ˴Ƶãתһ־úӷûô򺣵ǸٹҲδعС¶ʱһҲáǰȷеԺһúõĹȰһΡ
ܱ֤û´Σ
һתأæ֤һΣͶҵͷϡ
ӷҪĳˡ
򺣵ͷҲ˾ˡĴֻʱˣӷ˵Ҷʮ¸Ǹӣ
ºӷִȥ١Ȼ¶ûиǹ׶ۣ˭ҲѰͷ
ⲻ֪⡰˽ˡʵˣַּҸʮӣؼ˱ӲǱ۾۾ġھȻʮҪûôܡ
򺣻صУȻĵˡ򺣵öʮӷǷӣ¶ˡ
Сһ뵽ղǰƣЩޣΰɡ
ҲЩŭˣ⻹أûôŻ鶼ҸɡŻӷǱѾ֪ɵģžҪͽء㵱治ǮҾͲˡʡͷá
ˣôһŻСŲ鲻ԸȥǮСҲĺڡ
򺣳ţźطضſڣղǵĻҲ֪˶ȥۼˣ˵ת뿪մѵ˵Ҳ֪ˡ
ºӷǱֱ߳ҪǮ˭֪ߵԺȴסˣü֮Щʧ¶ô˵ǷŻշ¶
򺣵ûС
˳ɴ˿ȴˣƭң֪Բԡ
򺣳Ĭ
û뵽ˡ
򺣵˵ͰСϸ鲻ɵ¶˵ˣҲԸ⴦̫֡죬ֻ⡣ΪˣΪǶҲ뱣Сϡ
ؿǵÿడµˣҲҪųԹ䡣
򺣰Ѷʮø˺ӷᣬĻһû˵ˡ
ӷһ˸⣬ûסĵطֻүҵķӣ˸סƽտšүķӰŹӵҲԶġ
ӷѣ۸Ҳû̫ߣǰļ߷סѷϷӵĶǰԺܴһԺӣԺһС˵أڽӣСˣЩˣһһľͿԡ
ӷˬĽ˰ǮүⷿӸǵĿשߵģסķӺúܶࡣ
үҲܸˣ¿ţʵǴ벻ˣҲֻܸˡסŻеǮһá
Ҳɢˡ
ӷģղŶˡΪүʲôء
ȻȻҲܵĲģСһһֱͼŶףϻûʲôЦݡ
̾ϢţòײеɫǵĽһһû뵽ǻᱻСǶϣһѴһи֮᲻á
ʱ򣬺ӷһ峵
ǵĴӣ壬ǮСϻӣȻȻİСӡ
۾һô¶
ӷĵİ˵һ飬ԭûŻ𣬾ͱӷ֣ᷢһо˳ˮˣһ뵽СôѵŪ˶ʮӣ㹻ǸǷˣڴļ֤°ǿǵߣСϴ˾پǱʯͷԼĽš
ӷϷƵãѼõĶغãܸˣǻá
ҪûʹӷҲҪӵġǼ˳һͱֺӷʮ塣ǮϾͿԸǷ뵽СǮʱۺͺھ;ý
ӷǻͷҲǷӵˣԭõġ
֣صĵ˵ͷ
˼ң򵥵ĳһ٣ȥ죬ʰһ£иҵӡ
ڶĳ̯ˡ
óʵݣ˲ٻͷͣ׬ǮȴһЩڳҲáһһʮűҪһ⣬˻򲻵
ϻȥӷȥ˸ǷӵİҵǷҴ屾ĹͷǵĻҲƯͬĻȱ˱ˡӷȫҪשǱ׼ļ߷ǰԺҪΧҪǸǡԱ᷿ҪǱ˽ĻҪʮӣͷֻնʮ
ӷ̯ͦ׬ģǮմ㹻ǱʩӵģȻҪǾҪǺõġ
ܿӷǱ߾Ϳʼˡ
ӵӷĸôϲߣеʱæɸɻС̯żһЩϡʺСģָСȻˣҲϲǲ䷹ÿζ֪ǼҳԵĺãÿβ䷹ҪôһҪô϶ϸ
ӵӷһϢںܶ˶ڴСշ¶˵򺣸ڽˣԷ˵ҪȡԼȡ򺣲ãֵ峤Ǳˡ
ӷһüͷǱԤֻиʡĽƹģһ˶ʮ׵Ļƽǽһ
ÿһ½ܳɹģƶβ֪˶٣飬½ʱҪܿˮƹֻɵԤؼһ˲Ǯ͵Űѽȥ׬һءǽҲûƲơƹľ˺ԼҪҪ֮ǰĶǮû˵ƴҲû
ӵϺؼȺӬӪˣ²Ż´ǧ֪ؼҵ¶ô֪ˣ˵㵨Ϊ˭֪û١˵оͱ١
ӷһҪƹĹơֶΪ򺣵ˣΪ˰סӷᣬϧˬóʮӣֱв
ӷ֪ôڵУҲ㡣
ӵȥǴֲ¶󣬵ô¶ҲסƼͶ֪ˡ
ӵȥˡһϢ˵ƹĻ˰򺣴һ٣˻ʮӡӵؼҲͦǮôôʮҪֳ
ӷư
˵أˣˣԷ⼸ǰңŷĸǺչ㣬⳴Ƭʱͷһ׽ĺζŨõ·ˡ
ӵŵζͲĲУǲҶ˼ˡֲûš
ɶԡӷ˵š
ӵǺӷύΨһĴѣӸҲã굹Ҳѵá
߳Եı
ؼǱȴˣضͦٵһˣǮȥս꣬Ժָɣĵһ֪ܼңôҾû𻹸ġʮ׽ˣ˵ôɡɶɶУɶɶûȥ簡ɥǣ
ԭרںӷֱõͷϡڷɫףզô˵أЩһֱ׬Ǯ׬Ǯʱզ˵أǮҪǲǴô죿Ȼ׵Ͳ֪ۡ
ֺСˣϺȣαֳҪǷ򸾳
򺣰򣬱СϺȣټϼ̸ѵ⣬ϱ߿޵ԹۡҲһӻûȥǻֱŭĸоҪѷһжҵϡá
˼ǿѹֲʹ죬οˣ͵Ϊ˶ӡһȥһʮǶʮǮҪӹгҲֻһ
򺣶ֻҪܿϾˣⱲӾͰͷˡ
һ⻰ȶӿϾˣҾ͸ȥס쳳ˣҹˡ
ںضСһСһ󳳡
ڼҺ±Ƕѵһ١Ժǳѹ֣ͬǸķӣû
òΪ˺֮ش󱦸ضˣķŻ˶ķô
üͷ֣ûе¶˭˵ġ
Ǹڴķ˳ѧñǴһ٣ǻؼҷʡضزס¶ͲƵðѻ˵ˡСһһ꣬ѧٮٮߡ
꣬һѣΣǱѧˣһƳ϶ϣضͱˣѸپͺˣӦ۵һˡ
ش󱦵ǳԲѷΪʲôҪܵܡ
ضǷѵʱ򣬵Һ㡣˵ͷܡ
ͷסˣ󿴼϶λεİӡʹˣŶˣҲںϡ
ѧˡ⼸ķСؼҵţΪľǶӳϢ֮øĻͥүΪʲôԡڵʲôָ
һûס̼˫һڣ˹ȥ

ǹӵ˺ӷᣬ֪ӷСȻ͹ȥ飬֪һշѼǱ߳סֻҪʮʳһٸĵÑһĵס޷ѾУ˵ֿѧˣĵ궼ҪҼҹӱҺȻȥȥ
Ŷոôӷᶯ˵˼Ҫȥúúôӵ飬̫˵ĿɲС
ӵգ˵ǸЩ꿼ϵšֻϧûн棬Ͱѧ
֪Ǻ£һÑ̫ߣũöຢӣһжȥ۸Ǵܽܵģ̸ӷ˵˴£Ҫȥó磬ñˣûλá
лҪ˵һ£ҿĻô


27 ѧ
ӷȥͰ⻰˵ˡ
ҲЩ⶯,  ᲻ãϾͻС
ӷ§סһҪġҲ飬ֻС,  ټǮϲ֣㺢ʱ˵,  ǸպóÑǮܲһֱúӸô̯,  ȻȻ,  һ˵ͻᡣﵢˡ
֪,  ǡԴĿںӷĻ
ӷĺ󱳣ں庢һڰ
񲻺˼ˡȻȻɡ
š
СӦǿǰЩ,  Сһǳ̯,  ڴ档ϲСҰһһ,  װӡСڽ,  ĴӦ,  Ȼܡ
ŶܵԴǺ,  СһҲ,  ֱӾͿĻֲġǵ㺹͵͵ϡָɻ¶Ц
ûйءüëһ,  СȻͲˡ
ѵӵʱ򣬲úӷ,  ӷҲͦġϾ۰Ͱ͵Ŀ⿴ʱû
˺һ,  ŰѶӱͷ̫ѾɽˡһϲԺ˵
˵Ҳ֣ԶӺӸϵãϻ͵ס˵ԼϲСҲЩмܲס
ôһ,  ɾϡӷŶӸϵôãҲЩζСᵽԼĻ
Сһģӷ޲ðϵժ
ӷȻȻȥѧô
Ļ䣬Сһ۾գˡ
ӷǱкܶСѣǿһ档зӽĵ
СȻдд𣿡
Ȼӷ˵ţ󱦸
СȻЩ⶯ǣҪǮںؼլʱĶˣͼ
ҲڶӵϣǮˣȻȻҲȥѧʱӸҲȥ
СȻҲȥ¶磬Сʱ򿴼ش󱦸ض˵ȥѧ¨֯ӿˡҪǶ࿴һ۾ͻᱻС
ҲҶ࿴˵ҲԱȥѧˡ
ǱһֻܻؼһΣˡ
СȻЩԥ
ӷȻȻȥȥɣϢյʱҸСһؼңٸóԵġ
СȻ˵ͷӦˡ
ӷԺӡ۳ɫˣź˯СȻ濿ǽλáм䣬ӷڴϡ
϶Աߺ˯СǼһġЩӱĺãÿ춼׬ңլʱ˶ȥ¾ġÑʳټϸİġ
ӷȥǸƷΣҪǺʣͰѺ͹ȥ
Ƶһ
ӷѹˣСҪġ㡣
ںӷĻܵؿڴȵ¶ȣԻĲᡣ
ڶһ磬ӷҰеĶ̯ǸСԺһǮǮϻͷԣһЩ
񲻸ϸһЩ˻ϴѡϸɻմ̺ͽ֭ζҪȥܹ鲻ò
ѣŶȥһ䡣̯߰Щˣͷһι֡
ӷȥ˹ӵ˵ĵطһլӿźƣȴܴ洫
һЩ·˵ǣӷֱǰɩ˽ô
ӷ᳤úܸߣҴżһͺкøСһ˵ĻӸЦĺϲ£죬Ӷʮˣʲôɩýӿ
ԱߵҲİźӷɽ󣺡ҪҲãָǴСųġ
ѧʿɺˣʮ³͹ͯʮ꿼ţϿиҩʵòˣſѧ˵ˣ飬Ҫ˶Ҳûɶŵ֣֮Ķ԰Ѻ͹
۸ڶ̻ǵλ͵ģ˽ӶҪ̻ĶӣѾǱһˡ
ӷҪֺñˣһ˻мܲס⼸ӼӷòŸҸ˽ӣ֪ΪɼǺܸģջŮԳϲûúӷͰе鶼ˡ
л뿪
˸ͬѯ˼ſڵˣ˵Ļ࣬Żȥ
ʱ򣬶˸ǻС첲һֱţӷ͵ݹȻȻһֱ᲻óԣҪء
ӷҧһڣ㣬ںԺʯϵŽţǱרĵĳǻ
ߴ٣ʺӷô
ӷѴӱĻ˵ӷᶼпַӵǸĸСҲǹ֮ͯģ˵סһ˰ѧˣԤҪʮˣЩѾʮӱˡ
ǣֱȥɡȻҪȥˣȥϡ
ӷҲôģȻȻСһҲͬ⡣ϸߵʳȴĹңʤڷ㣬Щÿ˽ӵš
һοַӣŶʮͷͨȴ˹ģԺӷҪʦҲ˹أÿʮŷż죬µӶҪ顣סǴ̣ͨԵͨÿһ⣬һЩܣʦصĹأһ̿
ȻȻַӵҲ᷸ģҺܹԡȻַӵ֡
ôЩˡ
ַСȻƯɰѾ˼ٱСһ۵СţĶ˵ܾĻ
ǾͰиַˣ
ַӽЩÑȥһЩֽʡ־ǧ֮顣
ӷæȥһֽֽīֽ⣬鱾Щͻģȫѡеģûѡõأֲù˲סȥ͸ӣҪ뿪
˵Ѿ׼ߵʱﻹ᲻á
ٵת뿪ˡӷֶȻȻ䣬ȻȻȦģġ
ӷӵͷŻȥַźȻСִݣȥˡ
ӷճ˽ӣѾˡӷᱧһŽֹסᡣ
ӷش֮Ѵ̽Ϣ˹ӵӵһҲæ׳͹ȥҪߣӷỹѼһޱȥ
СȻСԵãƽյʱССȻ棬棬֪СȻȥѧȥˡ
ЩСҲ֪ѧɶֻ֪ǶȥˣҲҪѧһʱ䣬ﶼ֪ӷѺȥѧˣ⻰ȻҲ˺ؼլǱߡ
ˣĴһ豭ǹڸҩء
лҪ˵VллҵĶģͣӪҺȫ齱26ſ
12֮ǰһ
ԺĸпǧҲһǧ֣ע
ϣҿĿġ
л2021-08-18  14:10:17~2021-08-20  19:32:15ڼΪͶƱӪҺСʹŶ~
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лͶ׵Сʹ  2ţؼҡϯ{̫̫ǡ̿  1
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ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


28 򺣵ƫִ
ԴӺش󱦸ضΪȺܱ֮,  ȫҾǳƤӣʱпը
Сԭиʮº,  ˭ҲûԣǺӷּʮǷӶʮ,  ָʹݻ,  ˶,  һ˿,  ˶ʮӡ£ʣʮˣһʱʻȥıʹˣںضڼˡ
СҲҸŸɡش󱦸ضѧ,  ֮ǰٶʮӴˮƯ,  ˶Ĳᡣ
ﲻԸóǮ˸ѧͨϵû취ôʮӸҪú»ȥ顣Ѷ,  ֻ˵ٵȵȡ
ʱ˵ӷȻѶӸȥ,  ô򺣲
,  ۵ʲôϵ͵Ŀļ˽ӡ˼ϸ,  츳ĸ,  Ƹ¼ȡ,  ӷͺȥʲôͨ˽ӣȡ
򺣵ǲ֪,  ӷСϲʱ,  Ҹʲôʲô
ǰӷǱȲЦϡǷּҳȥһɣһһأ챻
˵Ҳ,  ضһû䣬ǰĶǺӷᣬûʲôˣŷһ춼ˡ
ͷһӻ֪˭ǰǺºأƢԽԽãӶҸ˵
Ѻش󱦸ضйǶ鲻ףһҪͷأƲǡ
ҲЩڣ֪ΪүүҲ֮ǰôϲˣԺˡҪ֪ӣҲġ
ģһúѧϰ޲̾ͻص˽ǱߵӶɡ
򺣿ӵǲúѧϰһ
Աһüͷǽڴֳô¶۾ﶢأû¶Ҫҵ¶˵졣һȥˣָ˵ˡǴ峤СӣڴҲǸˣΪؼҵ¶Ƿ֮Ѿʮˡ˵˵¶غʲô¶
򺣵ʰ˽ӣһ첻ǣǾ͹ͷһ졣һ겻Ǿ͹һꡣ
˵һ־úˡ
ԱֱüȴνӷҲԼＸȻҪȣǾͱȣԭںӷᣬɰͺѧ򺣺ΣУҲƫִˡ

ڶһһЩ֣֮ĵĸַһЩ˳˵㡣
СȻӦĻͦõģ΢΢ķ˵ġкöСǷԹԵģҪӵĻ
СȻû뵽ڶͿСˣ˷ܵĲУӣСȻ㱧ڲ㡣һȥٱҺòáСҲʱȣҪǱᱻЦ޵ġ
ӵá
СȻƤգգ۾żٵʱҡ
Ҳ˲٣ֻһӣûиͬͬסͦʵġ˵߹ܵĲϣҪʵ뺢ˣҲԹ
ȥӷӱأڵĽвٻͷͣרŵ
ӷæĲɿʱǼĻѹ
ΧԵĿ˵ҵıϱ֮˵ԺҲˣԾ͹һ㣡
ôôû򵽡Ķס⸽ģӱʱ䳤ĵʱǴк˵˵ڶƵá
۸ھǱ߶ʮţҲŵ򣬻о¥ĻϸһʮšǼҵıԽԽˡ
ǶһЩ
һЦǸáеʱҵĽϧûС
˵ģҴţҲ÷ʲôˡ
ӷİѱˡ̯硣ӷƤڴװĲǾƣϹȥľˮȻûиմĸоˡˮԴһɸ𣬺Ǻܽʵġ
ղ˶ӷûʣ̯һЩ֮ļķĺԺϵĶװĻسˣȻȻˣ
šöӶԼǿǰشǶȥˡֻһֱû⺢̫ˣȻԸѧһҪ֧
ȥһīӣôһĶҪġŸոɶѣҪһֱ飬֪ҪأҪ׬Ǯ
ʵһֱͦ׬Ǯġֻԭһףðأŷӣͺȥ飬Ǯٶȱ׬ǮĿ죬һЩС
ȥ֮ʮĽȳ嶼õôҪٶҲ̫ˡһ˸ߵĽ׶ˡ
壬¼װɣԺý㡣
ȳİɣǻףף¶
仰ŷģȥմɷȥСƿӡǼҲ١ҪûģֻܽǵģδרŶһЩ˵Сƿӡ
һȥаƴСƿӡ滹ŸǣǸ˸·Ҫǿ۽ˣͷĶһ¶ỵ˵ΪѧգǵʦȥʡǻǮѧյءССһƿǮһۡ
ƿװｴӣһٸ
ӷԭǴﲻ̧۵ˡǱ߸˴ӣְѶȥ飬Ҳ֪мֱ£͹עһעȥȳǱ򽴡
ֻ֮ˣ¶ض˵ˣ˭֪ضʮ״󽴱˻֪ôءضһ⻰ʱȥϵӷ
򺣺òװѶͻ˽ӣûЪЪءض¶Ųأ򺣵УȥҺӷˣǾǳԼһˡǼʮｴͷȥ
ضƿڴ㵹ƽʱ˵˵죬һ¾ͱͷڹꡣ㲻һ׽׼Է
򺣱ضм裬һţԺضȥϼһȥǰǵŵģϼѾǷˡ
Ժ˵Żһ󺰣򺣸ضæȥһʧ˼ӣҲ֪ôģԺСŵĵ
ӵ򺣺ͺضҲ£˺ӷķӡӦҵǮûء
СϵƨǮˣӹȻǸ첻ߵģ¶
ӵ˵ˣ˭֤
Сϵ˷֣һȥġ˲ҪǮġ
Ӵ⣬֪ؼҲţ޿ֵҪǲǮ˵³ȥʱҶꡣ
ضĻ
Ҳ֪ǱˣȷʵšհѺͻ˽ӣʮӡӱͻΪܣҪع˵̷Ż˼ӵķӣӵˡʱ򻹵ñѧ۾ˣؽҧһٵĶУǳ²ࡣ


29 ϱ
ǾܸǮġСԽǸǮ,  Խǵű򺣵Ҹû˵ĵط˵
ҲŵĲ´Ьġ
Сżǰû,  ͻͻġضҲżݣ³Ųˡ
򺣻,  Сһ,  ɫƽղһˣôˣ
򺣾һû˵,  ֻǵ,  Ͳ顣
СŵᶼˣҲˡĶ֪ô޳ܣǮˣڻҪ
ԴӺӷǷּҳȥ,  ղ,  Сϵ϶˼̬

ӷ֪ؼҷЩ˿ڴĥ档
ﶼͦ,  Ѻ͹ȥˣզ
󲻹󡣡
һ׬Ǯ
ҿѾʼػôһƬ,  ǸôĴ󰡣ܶ˺,  ˭ס,  ӷǸһ˶ɵ¶
ɩźӷǽʵ,  Խ˳,  ôǰû֡
˵ضզĶӻͦ,  Ա߿ЦǿˡҪǷֺӷô˧еˡ
Сز氡,  ϴһ룬Ǻöˡ
۸ߣѰ˼һ׼ʮ͹ڵʱһٽӡ
ӷѰ˼żİҲˡô
滻һ档ܶԼ١˵ĥķϸ,  Ϻӷ۵Ŀɲһˣ˸ȡ
ӷǻʮɡ
Цɣͻȥãóԡ
һƣ滻ȥô԰
ӷ֪ǰﶼеϰߡԼĥİ棬ǴԼҳԵģͷǮ򲻵ġ
ԱߵɩӵǲǸղ˵Ҳˣ
ӷЦʵ
СϽŵʱССĺݣò׼ҪܳԶϸҲͦ˵ġСôϣȺɻȻѰԷ
ġ˭ҲûƼƿ·ߣͣͻլˡ
ջȥͿŸ̫̲ܲˣȥŪˣԲꡣĸַھ͵㡣
лл̡˵š
лɶҲɶֵǮĶ̫ЦҪǰٸ͡һˬ̡֭Ҽһˣ˸֣Ūû͡
룬ץһͭǮȥڴȥһЩ󳦣ǣģǣǮһ˶ʮﻨһģ͵ġ
ҲͦˣһЩˮζôֻܷŴĵϣΧյ᲻ãô¹
ЩǰֻͣмȾƵƦ¾ûвˣ򡣻ȥˮһ󣬾;ƳԡƦûǮˣˮˡ
Щˮϴ˺ö飬Űѵӽȥ
ڣĳҪͦʱءԺ֧һС¯ӰѽˡȥϴƿӣȻɡƿҲˡֱװƿ
۳ҪˣӷŴͷĥ档
źӷȻ͹Ǯˣˣʲôȥ
ӷɡϱƲ֣ϷƵôóһѡɽѡⶫСᣬ⴮ԲĶǻһǮˡ
˹Ȼˣþûˡ
ӷ㳢᲻ᡣҪϲ´ٸŪ㡣
ǿһѣǳɫĹ⣬ָֻ׸ôһڹȻǺġźӷǴЦ⿴΢΢Щ졣ɷ˵ְһںӷ
ӷιѣֱʲô
˵ֿ˺ӷһۡ
ӷ滹棿
šԥһ¡
ӷҶ
ȥæˣӷںߦˣһڵͳһ߲棬һ棬ⶡĽͷ
ӷ˸ԡ
ˣóԵġ
ӷϲҲˡ
ҲԼһ롣ܿĳ꣬ʼɻǸ˵ģϰˡ
ˢҲҪæȴӷסˣϢҪ̯ء
ֲֻûطȥˡ
Ⱥӷصϵʱʹ˹Ĵ˹ӷҧĶû˯
㲻˯šҲССġ˵⻰ͱһůĻ˸
ӷ˯ɡ
š
ǰΣǿڵ§̫ˡ
ӷһôҲͽһ㡣ȥ˲ٿࡣ
ҹﰲӷҲ֪ԼΪɶͻȻǱûж
ӷҲûģϾúõĸƯʵл޵ĸõġҪСѹեǰӹҲ̫⡣
ʱһ˺ӷϣ˯ɡ˵š
ӷһ£ǵȼĻ档ӷᷭûƣͷ¹ܿһǳĵܹҪ֪˵׷
ҿô
Ҳû뵽ϼ޸ҡ
񡣡
ΪʲôҶԸ⡣
һ˵Ụ̄Ҳǡ

ڶӷ𴲣˯£ûʱȴ
ѵʱȻˣûгѣӷչȥ͡
񣺡Ǳ˸ţŻعûĵ˺ӷһۡ
ӷƤԸ츳һء
̯Ӵٸѵʲôװ񻹰˯ǰ±ˮֵ±֭ζ
ǳʱǺأûС±ζܲϴǸڿڳޡ
ܿͳˡ˵ӰӰ̵ζƮɢ˳ȥһ˿޵˱ꡣ
ھӼҵ˶ˣʲôʱˣ
أ˯ɡϱ˸Ķˡ
ûŵɶζ⡣Ӷлˡ
ϱ˯Աߣ
ǵðϱģ⣬ͦ㡣
ϱıţһƾͺˣ⣬˯

ڶһ磬źȦĥء
Ů˵ϱɣ
һ仰ʾҲæҳǮȥڴ⡣
ˣⶼˡǴզ¶ö⡣
ζûţ˵Ƿϻ£飬һ
ϡ˵ĴӦš



30 ׬Ǯ
ӷᵽ̯λϾͿʼӱ,  ʳͶǼӡܶ˲ԸȣҪ˾ߡ
ӷȰѱӳΪı,  ֻڹˢһͣŲ,  Ǵ۵ıн,  ԽԽ㡣
Ҫǰڵ,  ǻ򲻵ء
ԵûԶ,  Ͱ±ˮڳÿһһ㣬һ,  һܲڱ,  ӷ͡
ӷҧһڣ,  ĺ,  ±ζﻹ֭ˮ,  ܲ,  ӷôԱ,  ﶼһ˿,  һڣóԡ
±ζǾ䡣
ֻô뷨,  ӷ˵֮Ҳһ,  ҧںӷҧĵطҲòҲû緹һڽһڵĳˡ
ӷỹûԹٸһ
ĸӷӷϳԵϲĶ,  ɻܿߵıˣӷỹûͣ
Ͽͻһ͵ⰡԶŵζˣ߽ŷǽߵġ
ֱСӸһǸԳԡ
ϿͻӹΡΡǣֱһţúее;һڻԡ
ͳųԵģǲȱǮˣڳǺõġǰǳⶼûָоСҲζô
ھϻ츳ģǰûˡԴ˼֮ҵ·ӣڻзˣǮһģʮǮ
ϿͻһⰡ
߰˿ɣеĿͷСеĩˡζ϶ȵԽҪáˮûǮͷ˲ٵϣˮһ󣬷˲١ֻô׬ͷ
ϿͻǳɣҾһһС䵶ÿһһЩٸһ㣬СˣڱƤϣץһֽ֮ܲ˹ȥ
Ͽͻʵļͳˡһȥ̾˲Ͽ佱ϽԵڶڡ
ͷǵˮóԣһζûСֻٳ񫡣ٸҾһģҶٳʮǮӵ
ɡǮˬĴӦˡ
ܿ߱˸ΧˣŵζˣҪһ㳢
ӷһֱӱܿջСͼݣʮűղſôΧţ￩һ£ΪǵأҪŶӵĻʮŵõȵʲôʱ
һսͷˡֵĶ࣬١ӷӺõıѾĺܸˣִֿȥʮŵӣõˡ
ӷôҪôࣿÿʮʮŵһӷˡ
СעҲ±һ¿ˮӷǿ˳Ǽҵı֮ͲԱˡмҪ뿪سǣҵı۷ŵʲôʱ򶼲ӲųԻųԶ
ͷ㣬ڱĵطûԵֱջĿعģôһߣ֪Ժˣ·Ϲ񫡣
ӷʮһţһǸСġʮŶһšСЩˣҲߵıֻ᲻Ǯ͵Ŀ䵽ͦá˵ʮŲſͣԺ˲֪ʲôˣ͸ƼߵĽ
Сʮһű뿪ˣߵıʣʮˡǱһֱġ±ĸ㣬лȲʮǮԡ
ӷỹڼӱԴ±ζ֮ٶȸˡھֻûȡأǾȥʮˡ
ܿߵıˣſھִֵϴⲻġ۾Ź⣬һģ֮ˣģóԡ⻹óأϵʱһȥ±ζһ
ھһֱˣˣôóԵĶҪǴ϶ƣǾɲСӡԵĶ绹ʳľˡ
ʣЩˡǮۣҰԲˡ
⻰һ䣬˲˵ɶ˼ûе󵽣ġ
Բǳɶ
ģҾţһʮǮ±ζԴӵһʳͿ˶ʽѧı
ЩΪѵ磬ûôࡣҪɡ
аɣҲʮǮġʣµʮҴߡ
ϡˬĴӦš
ӷղôǲֵģҿŪٷӡ
˶ҪĻǮ
ʮİ˵š
һһһ治ˡ
кܶζҩĺϡǮͺܶࡣ˵֮ѹơʮľ㹻һˡ
һҲôϣֲôóء
׷񣺡ܶҪ
ҲҪ
ȫҪʳһ
ӱʱҲżˣھֵܶ࣬˵ͿʼǮ
ҴżˣҲǮһûء֪ܳ١îʱҵߣ±ζһ
ԱʳĽЩƴֵģڰʮǮһܳԣ²ڣͰѾȡˣǶЩʳǸʧ±ζоô
⻰ʵһ㶣û⣬һ´Ҿͷˡ
ΧʳͰ֣ΧԱ߲ߡ
ÿҲͦõģŪ˺ÿƿӣעĵһˡܿ±ζˣ˵Ҫ±֭
һĵˮʮĵĵʮģ׬ġ֭ҲѣԶ
ԱЩƤʳͿۺ죬±ζôóԣ±֭Ǻöԣôղžû˵仰ء
¾ģҲҪҪ±֭
ЩˣڼϽ˶ࡣǰŵˣ´Żŵ򣬱µҲɿ졣
Ҳ½½ʮƿóԣʲôһ׶óԡ
Ҳԣû˵ϲһװԡ˵˷ѣˣڻûҵأ򲻾Ϊ˳ô
ҴƿСƿӻͦÿģ¶װҲá
ҲҪƿ
̯һЩűˡ±ζɹǿģȥǶȥˮһңҲ۸ǮһӣһͲ֮ģһһٽȥҩ˵ϣ˵ǺϡĥҪһ
ӷһ·ϼܸˣۣ
׬Ǯʲôǰ׬׬ءȻȻ϶ԽԽǮǶ׬㡣ʡǮʱûС
áӷӦš


31 Ȼ
ӷصҶȥ˯һɡ̰,  粻˯ǿסġ
̫ˮʰȥ˯ɡ
ӷû㣬˯š
һӺˣԼĻֱԭⲻĻˡ
ӷῴ,  Ļ̵סֱӾ͸ȥȥˡʲôɻû§ϱ˯Ҫ
񱻷ڴ,  ӷͼ˹,  ̫,  ҲˡͷôĻҪ,  ƣĲУʶϻǡ
ӷ᲻ôǿ治Ϣ˭ϱ˭ۣʰѰ˼,  ǳõ,  ܸԼˡ˶ֻ࣬ҪСǮͿæ
û˵,  鿴еǮ
ӷԺ󻹻׬,  ұ֤үǵĻ,  Ͻ۾˯
ӷỰô˵,  ۾ԲԲ,  һľᡣ
ӷٲ˯
Ϳ̱۾,  ѱ߸סëĲӷԼĻ,  ӵ,  ˴˸ܶԷ¶ȺϢܿͶ˯ˡ
ѾʱˣĶкӷӰ̴Ь˷šͿԺϵõɩӶʰˮ󳦷ϴ˺ܶ顣
ո˯ѣջ˵,  þ忡ˣ㵹ĸδġ
ҿӼ֮һһᡣĻɩ˵š
ͳúÿɩ˵š
ɩӵǺӷ˵һʮġҪ˵ǴˣɶǮǮġ
Ȼ˯ʱ䳤˵㣬ǵЩˡ̤ʵ˲١鷳ɩˣǮ϶Ҫġ
ĻɩӵҪ˵ɻڼɵĻҲûһ˸Ǯأôͷɿɿ졣
ԣԺɶ֨
õģɩӡ˵š
Щ󳦣ѾϴɾˣˮͶϴ飬ȥ󡣽࣬һģ֮һȣͲʲôķŲס˸ߵˮš
±ϣҩϵȥζһҪ㷨ӣǰѽһף±ɿڡ
͵ӣƬ˵˳ԡ
ǸˣܿͰʰ
ɩֿʼ棬ЩɩƽҲԵĵмҡǲڻ¡˵˵ЦЦҲࡣ
ûһӷͰĥõð峵֮⻹һϡɲǱصزǴģһƴϾҪǮˡ
һ·ڣкܶȻ۸ߣȴÿζܳԵϵСܻ⣬ЩǱϣζ𡣴Ҫܳһڿʹˣӷ
һֳݶÿһܵһ
ɩܾʹãԼ԰ɡһϾֵһǮǾڼҲԲϣҼҶԣôܰ׳ǵġ
ӷɩӣǾͳ԰ɣкˡ˵ǻһء۾͵ʡ
ԱҲдǣ⼸ɩֲҲͳ˳˵ҧһڰȻζɽҰζءԽ˶ӣˬˬɢƵãֱþٱˡ
ӷҲԣʣһרŸġ
ɩӶǸɾˣߦ滹ǹ£һԺӣ۳Ҫʱǲ뿪ҲûˡӷӦһʮģǸ˰죬ÿһʮǮ
ǮʱЩ˼
̫ˡ
ҪİɣǮͲˡ
԰ǻء
ӷɩǾŰɣҲһΣǻǰæءƻǽ㣡
СĻɩ˵š
ɩӶϲĳȥˡ
֮ǰ᲻Ǯھòɩǰˣˮϴɾˣʲôˡ
˳ҪǰǮһɡյĶͭǮ⼸ûˣǮץһѣ֪жǮ֪ȥ˻ģһǧİپʮġ
ǮóİپʮתԺǮһ˲۶ֵõģǰûôǮ
ȻСȴܲڿĵط׬Ļͦġ
ӷһƤпιϲСӡſ£ĴϧȻȻڼҡ
ӷһι񣬵ϵʱѾˣĶȻȻȥ򡣡
˵ӷĻӷһ߱һߵôˣ
̳һÿĻȣˡ
ӷĵһ¡գ۾
Ҳ̫бͷˣֻǷּĵӡ
˰æû뵽ɩôֱӿϢˡʱ磬ӷȥתתҲʡ̫˻ӡ
ʲôתģķǵ˵ţȴһѣѾ׼ˡ
ӷ߰ɡǰδйڵʱ
ӷҪ֣ȴܾˡͷ˽ƵãȻ˵졣Щ˵Ǻġ
Ǻӷȥ˿ǵķӣʩ˻ڸءȻֻǴػѾ˿Ҫǵķжˡŷӣ۾Ҳ֮ɫ
ǵļҡ˵⻰ʱģһΣԼþˡ
ӷţҪɶ뷨ټӣ
ѾֻܺסԼȥ
ȥ·öˡӷԱЦӯӯĿ
·ϵˣǿྡġ
ɲⷿ׬Ǯġ춼ܿӷȥĥ棬϶û׬
ؼԽԽˡ۳СԴϴĶԽԽء򺣸ҲԭôƵáضƵã˭˳۾Ǻ˭
¶Χźؼңڳˮҳһ˶˵ü¶
˵˵ʱͻȻԱһӣһŷһ߹
˵ؼЩ¶˶˵Ǿˡ
򺣵Ӵæأϱûһ顣
ŪĲ֪˵ʲôãֻһԴֻ򺣵̱˲٣ԭôýӴˡ
򺣵ЩæҪȥϼ̫ˡԼ¶˵Ǹ̫ˡʲôֳɵģҪȥС̯׬Ǯȥһδ󼯾͹һµˡ´ȰȰĸֵ֮Ķиҹ𡣡
⻰ְѱ˵עˣô׬Ǯ
ǻм٣ձ󣡡һ˿Цݣܿ䲻ˣæŰһȥɻˡ
װƣҲʩʩȻˡ
лҪ˵§˵һ£е飬ֻһǷĸ첹
Ƽһ£ҵġŴũճ40ˡ


32 
򺣵Ļԭԭ˵ӷᡣӷЦһؼǮʲôϵǰڵʱûԵ,  Ҳõġ
ӷֻ׬ǮöӺϱϺӣܺؼҵ,  ؼ׬ɽɽô
Щô̶꣬ԼȲӷ,  ܲί,  ɡ
һӷ˵Ҳмֵ,  Ͳ˵ʲôˡ
ڶ컹û,  Ǿͳ̯ȥѾвϹ˿ڵˡӷȥһ˳ӡҷ׷׳±ζǵİгһ,  㹻¾Ʋˡζͺܺ,  ҪһǾˡ
һͱΧ
һٽˮ֮ʮҡ
±ζζԵΧ·,  Ҳҳ,  йҪ±֭,  ҲСҪ,  ʳġ
ʵ𰺹±ζ,  һܳԱ,  Ҳܳζ
ʣӣھֵԲˡʮŵľԼ,  ֵͨıֵ֪֮Ǻöٴ֮,  ໽е
Ҳˡ
ӷҲ֪׬˶١ֻ֪ǮϻӶװˡģеȥǮ
һٽˮ֮ʮ㻨ʮģԽãԽиɾ
ܿ컹û,  ͿһȺˣΧķǱߡ
ҲС
ӷҲ΢΢üͷ߲ư
Ȼһ֣ǵ˻ˡ
˿ӣסƫƧ˲ϲƽҪôȥɹȳҪôȥЪţڶΧڸǰɼġ
ӷѳƻؼҡôˣ
Ӵ峤ʲôʱӡ
ûӷ˵š
Ӵ峤ϢһǣǼҷŻĿӡŻ֮ԭͩͺͻӣЩӴ峤ˡһֱӵ֪ЩӵĶ
˵Ѿܾûؼˣֻýȥҡ
һҿɲҪԺӷ˵ڶϢˡɽϣǱʯͷĸġ
мˣֱɽϵҰ޸ҧ˼ڣѪ̺ġӵ캰صģҪҳɱӵ֡
峤˶еȥ˵Ψкӷڣ˾͹ӭͷ
˴峤ĻϽȥ˴ſᡣ
Ӵ峤Щˣǲѹס峤ְλôǰɴ峤ʱһ¶ûСһʼɣǷŻɱ˵ģôĻ̡̻
󣬴˺ӶҪ
С˵ˣмָˣĵƦå˾ǻá
ض࿴һۡ
ӷһֱעźؼլʱָ֪ʹŻġָ˳ˮ۵Ϸôƽ޹ʵˣԵʵġضһ۰Ѻӷע򺣵ϡ
򺣴˿촽ƺܵ˺ӷʱһֱӷԵġھȻֱͷһй
ӷܿüͷԭǴ峤ļ̳ˣԽԽûеˡ
ܿ峤һȦûһ˳ϼӡǴ͵ˣѱ٣ϲ弸СһȥơټӲûһҪϵġ
Ӵ峤ôһʣʲôҲûʳҲЩջˣȥ򳤸
ֵɱ˷Ż¶ԽˣҪվģ˵࣬ұ֤һᷢ䡣
Ӵ峤Ȼô˵˭Ҳɵӣɱ˳ɲġ
Ⱥֻӵҡ
ࣺզ¶ǴòǷɶ˵ɣҪѴķظŲŲλá
ܰѣ᲻⡣
ϣҵүŶ
ĵĸ˵˼仰һݣźӷᡣ
ȴһʱ俴˹
ܿ򳤹ˣ󻹸ŷҴĴ峤а׼ҴĴ峤ǴֳôĶΧҲˡ
߻ĸˡǰûɶģɷ
Ӵ峤򳤣һûҴá
򳤵ˣɱ˷Ż֮˵áץסضŤ͵ش򳤿ǵһ򳤵ˣһֲŭĸо
˶׷׵¶Լ޹أЩðˣ¶Լϵϡ
ʱӵ˳򳤵ǰүҪǺӷɱˡ
һŭˣ˵Ѫˡ
ӵ׵ϱӣǰЩӷŻǼҡǼǺϣͰҶҶĲҰ
ӷ򳤴⣬Ҫ֤ݡҲҲˣ
ӵ˶ˣǸŵĲ´Ьġ˭ֵ˵ĥ±ζġĶǮӵӻһԶŮ
ҧסӷᣬΪ˵ˣӷʮש߷¸ǵġҪץⷿӿɾ䵽ˡ
Ӽˣǲˣ̵㶫
ܽôʲôõġҲǸС͵С⻰ʱǻĶ־Ҳû֤ݣ˾ӷˡǮ
ӷȻ׬ģҿɲƵãóԼȥɻʺޱˡ
򳤰˰֣ˡǷֱжϡǽһ£ϡСͽܡ֮ԱվǸӢˣûнܣǴ˼ҵ乫ӣ˵ǸʲôٵĶӡǳѧġ¹ʲô٣ôͣ͵乫ӻǸԡ
д˼죬л򳤵д־ǶʮӡνǴ˼ңǮǮҪˣŴҪո֡
һ˵ʱˣУĹˣ˻ҪǧСǰʲôİӴҵĶҪǸ˰ɡ
Ӵ峤Χü峤涪Ǹɶֻعġ㵽׻벻ˣ
òҲ֪־Ǻӷᡣ
ͷ峤û飬ԵĶˣ˿̻һʷĻô죿
һҪˣҶôң÷ҡ
򳤵ķӲô
Ӵ峤ԱְѷŻ֮ؼҳǮ¶˵˳
ӷᵱַּҵġǼ̣ҪڣؼʮӶԸôô󷽣ֱӸ˶ʮӡ򳤵Żһ£򺣣ôûͷûβֱӵ
򺣻һҡҲ֪ûɵһͻͻ
ֻһʣ򺣾е״ˡ
лҪ˵һվɡ


33 ʬ
ӷҼҷӱ,  İѶʮùˡ
ղȥҧѹͲ·ҲûҪ
˼
򺣶ĪЩšоԼǵСֶ,  ᱻǵһۿƵá
ջӷᣬʲô˼֮黹дˡͷȻܵˡǰڴҲǽܳ,  Դһϡ
һ˶ӻױǳס
ӷȴ޾ηû˵ʲô,  ôʲô˵ɱģһ仰,  򺣶ͷϵĺҪˡ
ȫ嶼Χ˹,  ֻǼúĵ뿪ˣʬ嶼ˣѪºӾš
ߴ,  Ҳܵ˸,  Ҫ˺ӷһûǺõ·ӣʬ
򳤵Ϊԩ,  ҪǲʬĻ,  ¶᰸,  ֻˡ
ӵǸƤŮ,  򳤵Ļ,  ԴﻹǸϽߡʱӵĸ,  վ˳򳤣λ峤,  ̫ѹ,  ϣұƽϡ˵һץסͬ⣬Ǹ飡
ʱȫ׵Ĺ߸ֱӿʼӵﱾѾƻˣȴӸס,  ˿ѣܵڵܰô
ӵ¶ǻǮʹӶ벻ģ㻹ںʲôҵܵܣô׵ˣ϶Ҫҳ
һϯ˵ȫ߿˴һۡڴĬԣĵܵܺڴԵҲã˲ԸϹϵǽ˵ĻǼһˡ
ӵȴǶʮ¸ǵķס˫ۡ¶ӷѲ˸ϵö˶˵Ϊɶȥ˵ķӣҪķӣһĲ졣
һܲ졣Ը˳ٸͻټϳúÿһҪǾӺ۸ǾʹĵԻиҵһ档
ӷҶûΪʲôҵķӣĪָʹ
һֵ˸ӣܸо˵Ŀ⿴ɺӷǲ֪ʲô־Ӧò֪ȻԺӷçײԸ񣬿϶ֵĲɿ
飬򺣿ƲסĿ
򳤵򺣣
Ļһ䣬ֽűŵ˸Ƶãһ
ڴֵģ乫ӿŶƳ˶ߡ
ȴûƵãǳˮĵˣ峤λʱεĸƼҵʱ͵ڴϧˣɫõ䡣⻰δ˵
Χļ峤ȴЩ۵Ŀһۡ
֮Ե¸أ˶Ϊչˡﲻٵģȥġ
ֻ˵ģȻ˵ˣͿ϶¶
ӷô˵𣬺һ¶򺣵ۣũҺ˵ɾǶ˹ټҷ룬ܽʶҲһ
ϧð̵ĺ¶û֣ȴ˻ɸһ׮йϵ
ôˣһ˫ʶ˵۾Զӷᣬźӷ᲻׳ʵȴһԽԵͦΣ۾ˣǰһδɻڴ֮ˡ
ֻǴ˿̻ڴҲ԰ˡ
˵ӷҲܸТ˳ȴƫƫ̯˸Ʒףݲòӹĺ˵㣬ɣɼҪĥء
״峤ȻڴûɶϵΪʲôҪȥշ
׷Ż𣿡
û֤ݵʱɲ˵Ҫȷ׷Ż𡣾ֻкؼɡ
˿̴Ҳ棬ƽضզզģɶߺġϼӣֻҵӷŻһ
ͷ˶йϵһӺӷᣬһǴС򺣡
˿ȴûˡ
˵˭ɵģ֪ϲӷᣬ˵Ҫָӷᡣ
ȴ˵ԤϡûǶ֪ҪǱ£Ҿ͵ˡ
ΧھƽװһڣЩˣզ֪ء
ӷأ¡ض˵͸쵽һˡ
֮ǰһ˵ʱ䳤ˣջԽԽˣ־򺣱ĥĲᡣ
ܿСͽܹ򳤶Ｘ䣬üëһ
˾һ޶˵Ľˣ϶нˡ
ͼ򳤵˭ɵѾ֪ˡʬǻ˵ġ˭ɱ֡־м䣬ҪʱԼУһᷢ䡣
⻰мϤ֮ǰӴ峤Ҳù⻰ţֻûѧ衣ϵ˵ûˣҶ򳤵۾
ӷұ̬ңҷ˼ҡӹı֮ǰǿ˲֪ٱõӲΪҪȥɱˡ
⻰˱ʾ⡣ϾӷǶǰЩξǲ˵ζΪأһֱӷȥʰˮ֪ζǴ˼Ǵġ
ҲȥˣȷûҪҪô˵ĻҲͬûҪֹһε˵Ⱥ³֮
ʶҲųˣһ׮
ǵ򳤸ղ˵Ļ
˿ֿʼզ˵
˵ɶˣզû塣
ҪҸţʰɡ
˵ɶĶУȴ򺣣˼ԣӷѾ̬ˣھͲˣ
򺣵¶ġĻһֶûС
Ӵ峤Ҳߴ򳤣ˣ˵
򳤶˵ͷ
ǰʯͷûͷקλãֲ¡ʱҲֻˣ˻ûֻˣҰŵϵѪζҧ˼ڣˡ
ϰһƤ񶼿ˣһ뵽˱Ұ޻ҧ̫ˡ
һǷˣɱˣиϴ˸ɾ
򳤵ﻹһߵĲϡչʾҿһɫѡǵ͵ϸ޲䲻أĴ庺ܴ࣬ϸ޲ıضǼеСǮģ˵ˣ
˵һ£ʱ̫ˣӳһСѶ֪
һֱͻ򺣣ղ֤ݵʱҲڿ򺣡ԭ߳ɵİձ˾ųɡȥѲ򺣡
Ӵ峤ȹȥѲ顣
ǵٶ̫ˣҪȥʱѾ˸Χסˡ
䲻¶ģǽô˵˱ضĵ
һѳһѣ·ϻмβԵѪ
򳤰Ѷ򺣵ǰ㻹ʲô˵
¶ġ򺣵·Ҷˣ˵ҡߺ޵Ŀźӷᡣ
ӷ̰ڵĳ̯ĶʱСϷǸ˾Ͱ¶е
ʱȺһ·ӵʮҿӸɽߡ
Ӵ峤ŭôҪΪɶûͷӬƵ˺ü顣ûһ˵ġ
·ӵңҲң˵ˣҲδţˡǿ֤ȷˣŤԼĲ˵ġ


34 ȫ
,  Ӵ峤ָ̽׳˰
򺣻Ӳԩ¶Ҹɵģ
С̿˹ȥץҶӣͷһᡣ
Ψӵ˰,  ƽڴԵ̫ˣ˵ʱ,  ,  û뵽֣
ӵͿһ,  ȴˡʬ,  Ȼң⣬ӷᱳ˺ڹ֮ôȥأ˿Ǳŭĸ,  ˹ȥ,  ָҧһе
ĴСƽ˸û취,  ڱ,  ˲䱻ӵﻮѪӡ
СһԼӳ˿ҲȥæСƽŵ,  ƤĶ,  ûһĸ첲Ҳ˲ʡ
ӵٺ,  һشΡ򳤺͸Ĵ峤ڸǰ,  ʲô
Ӵ峤ôһ˵Сϲˡ
򳤽˰ץ,  Ҳ,  乫ӿһϷ񫣬˿̾ҲȥˣҪһȥã
̫ͻȻˣ˶û롣
򺣴˿̻캰ԩ,  ЩѾ˵˸Ʋסֻܷͣص
ܲĴһھεˡֱŪؼȥˡ
ضһıʣǲģûôĵĵ
ӷ׶Ӱզܸȱµ¶ء
Ϻ㿴ҡ
ضոתͷͱյھһĭϡ
ضĲУΧ̫˶ˣ·һס첽ĻؼˡȫСϣСϴ˿̱ŭ˵ϴʱʱⷢ
ô˾ûһŵġ
طȥֻܺţˣٴҪˡ˺üȭͷżȥܡ
û뵽ôأ
Щ꣬۴򺣿һֱ
öݵĲְܶ
ղ˵¶ôղ򺣻ԽءҪӵںӷͷϣ硣
СģģôĶӡ
ɺ޵ľǺضҸЫĳŮ˴˸Ĺε̣Ѽֳӣð
˵үǳ۾ģľô졣
ӷԴˮʯ֮󣬴һѷȥؼҵ˵ʱǾͻؼˡ
˳һ̯־һϷѾĵĲ࣬¶޹أڿԷĵ˯һˡ
Ѿ˯һʱ˯˲о񣬺ӷæɩʰˮӷҲûëȥζ
ĻɩӵӴ峤򳤸Ȼץء
ɩӵʱء
ͼɶɩ˵š
ˣСͱ򺣱ȣ˵òΪȢ˴峤ҵСӣһ·˳ĲˣҺض̸ҲѼΨһӶȥ飬ֻҪúùӣһʲôˡ
ΪʲôҪɱ˷Ż¶
ʰءطͷ磬Ĳ֪ġǼԲס㡣˵ˣԺ󽴷ˡ
Ϣһ﹤ɩӶ䣬ǽֵǮ
ط˿࣬Ҳġ֪˭һ١طǼСġǰ棬û۸ǽơŶ¡
ӷҲҪĶѾּˣԺҵǰǮһԼ׬Լʺɣܾñ˻ᶢķ򣡡
طɫһף֪ˡ
ΪɶҪɩ˵ţǷǵġȫ嶼վںӷˡǶಹӷ㡣
Ҫг⣬ôһëͷСȥ˵͡˵ҲǵǮ
ɩϸһƷô¶ؼôӶģҲʣˡĻûףһտӡͶȥ
ɩӵͷӣۻ١´ҪǿؼҵˣҰǡ
һ˵һ߸ɻˮϴְˡɩӲ뿪ߡ
ӷȥſʼ̵׬ǮǽǮϻӶ챻ˡͷһ±ζʹ׬׬Ǯˣһǧġ
ǮһǧΪ
ôǮҲܾϲԺӷǮҲȥһӡ֪ӷһֱиӵ뷨ӿǮĺõط³һ궼вǮܴ
Ҫô׬ǮٶȵĻѹӡôһɻԽбͷˡ
ӷ²Ҫ׬ǮؼȴһƬƲ
ӵʬŹҪǮھʮض˵ûУСϾһС͡
СϱĲᣬҲҪɱͬǸķˡ򺣱ץӷг𣬼ΨкطڻһСᣬû£ôһ硣ǺؼҵϣȥˣؼҸ̸ۡ
󿳵˶ʮӡСûôࡣֻʣʮټƽĺ·øŴ룬ᡣ
ؼҵϿűŭĺضȢ޵Ȣ͡
ô˵ǰСϵڽŵס
ɶǮûˣûô׾ݵʱСصĿˡضģǸɥǣԼϹ۲Ȣ˵仹Ҫˡ
СϱļˣҲˣͷҹûͣ
˵ģؼҰǮֳܹ֮ô¶˭ǵĽػʮĶҲԲȡ˵ûǮӣǸˡ
һֱҹ˶˯ˡСϲĵ˺طݣڵϹѺط㻹жǮңȥһ䡣
ûǮط˵š
СһûǮＱˣϸһһ㻨أ
طˣھʣʮˡ︻ԣطǮҲִŵġ˭ڼôһǮòˡ
СȻǵһǮѵӢۺζˡ
طǮˣСϵ˭ң˵֪˵ɫ첽뿪ˡ
Сϸϼȥģɽ·ߣһǳһŵ·ϣϲǲèͷӥĽһݴԱĻ졣СܸоݴжԽڷߵϡԽԽ£ܾȥˡ
ڶһ磬ضۣѺطǸ¼أҵ˽Ǯˡض˵š
طŵŴ졣
һӣȫ嶼֪СϾǮˣӺһͷӡ
ضɵˣЫĳŮӶҪˣŤˡǰ׶ôˡ뵽֮ǰΪֺԼӣЦһ


35 򺣵
طЩ,  ǲֻдĺӣ
Сһǳ򺣣طǰҲûǱ롣СһߣҾɢˡһ档Ӧø˵ʵ
طĨĨᡣضСӿ,  һ,  ֪뵽ʲôתˡ
ûһСڷﺿ,  طѰҹȥ,  ֺСģͬǴ
ط磬ɶ
Сط͸Ƶ,  ۵һĻ,  ҭҭ,  żֿࣺ,  ˵ҵҪˡֻС˺
ͬԽĹŹ,  ˿ѵôҲ˵ˡƽ۾ūšǰ㻵ˣǻøǣԹҲܴǰҵӶ񱦱Ƶãʲôˣͷ̧
ͬʮ,  ôˣӶˣڻءطҲʮˡûǵһ,  ǸˣⱲûָǼСӣôҲôǳ,  ˵Ĵ¶Ժȴûѧ飬Ц㻹һֱء
ط˵Щܣô,  ҲӦ۸һӡĺСţͬƵùЦ
طֻķ財ԽԽˣЩ硣
¼̫ˣҳţɩܲסε˱ͻҡƽеĺСھû˹ܡ
طֻΣСԺ塣Сˣֻ֪ˡ
طȥ̽һ£˭֪մţòҶӣӱңһδһΡ
ط̹ţǼСġ
ƽʲô¶ģҲֵõһˣȴЩˣһ˵Ĵ۾鶼ץϹ

ȴ˵СϣضΪЯǱӣǳӡ
С϶ˣ֪ͲӦŻһʱ֮Ҫӷѵ˷ӡӶϣ֮ǰͲͬôɡ
ʱСôүûѪԣͷ룬ⲻǺյôȥӷ͵ˣԽԽ룬϶ǿ޳һƬ
úõĴ︻̫̫ãҪ£˵ʲôˡ
Сϴû߹ô࣬ϴֺÿЬӣûǧĥѪˡһĲĻƽմһ˵ӡ
ȥ·ֻӰӰ̵ļ˸ţ˲ԩ·ҹͳˣߵŵسǣһ·ļѾͱˣһɣһϸģ
Сϼ򵥵ĳһСʮǮְѺضЩ˽Ķʮ˳
һ·֪̽Щץˣڼ֮У
Ӵ䡣˵˺û˵ˣȥ
һȥŵ﷢ùζͷζϣСϵһνû׼ûˡ
ȥ߶һһĴΣͷв֪Ѻ˶õķˣʱʱĽкšСϺëˡ
ˡ󻹴˼εĴڡ
Ϳһ㲵򺣣һ첻ĺ綼ˣֻ·Ҳ˵ģ˴洦ɼ˺򺣵һ˿ôˣ
СϵͷⰡﺦ㡣
ץһֱ죬һûգޱȵԹҪͱô¨ӣԼôǿСôˣӴһһô˵Ǻ
Сһ⻰ⲻСһۣ֮ˣûȤĻСʱһֱ֪׵˭Ҹ㣬﹨ϲԪĶӡ
мֲš
ϲԪڵĹҿڶǮֶ̻Ǽҵͨϰտ֪̫ܲү˭֪ϲԪڽ֮ǰ򺣸֪ԼܸĴй
СϵڹҵϴѾͷġʱϲԪѾǹҵļ̳ˡ͹˵̧˵ҲѾһˡǹϲԪķƶʣ֮˰Ϸ˸ӣū꣬뿪ûͻˡ
ôĲƸСϾƾŶĺĸƾӹʮº˸ӣҪźڵʱȴ˵ϰһе͸Ļ顣
СֱסˣϿǸˣȥĸӣһӷܷǸδ֪ϾСز̫ˡ
ŹϲԪ꣬⹨ϲԪһı£а˸һСĻ䣬治ˣˣ֮·ֺضǮ࣬ôһȥľ͹ˡ
Сϵô󱦣Сƾ١񹨼̻ʹǼûˡһӳϢָϰߣʱСб֪࣬˳µڣǼƻϲϱ仯졣
ٻûأɻУ
Сϵһͷȥܼ˵ܼҵ֪ҵ顣С϶سǼܼ꣬Ҿȹ³ܼҸǮƣͺṩʵܵļƻ
С˼ҿа˸أǺǵġȳ̻֮شնϵֻҪСǳϢĻġ
򺣹£֣صĸ˸ͷл
СϵҲãȥ֮һºطͬ⻰ڽʲô
򺣵Ϊʲôö˶˵˵⻰
СϵҲ֪ضƢݲҡ˵첲һĺ۵ġһȥҲûʲô·뿪һȥϳСͷͬȥϼ֣ϱҵĽݽãҲң˵ˡ˵Լϵ˺ģָ˦漸Ѫ
ӻ㣬㱾ˡҴ㣬ҾʹһϹײȿҲ
СϵСǿ֮ǰ͡˵֮ǵʱˡ
Сʵĸ˱𡣳Ĵ֮ȥˡ
ŴӹҳûȥʲôϳСͷֱͬسǣˡǵġ
ʮӣϸŻ㹻ˡ
򺣹ͱͨϵŪ˳ȥ
ûȥ֮ǰҲкܶ󡣱Ͼ̸ضٺҲ׵ΣľǸһͨļҶү棬ǼҶϾһϵӡ򺣹ܸ߰ĪЩС˿һҪ˲ڽ¡


36 
ӷ⼸ⲻ,  ǵ±ζĺãĻƶҲԳ˻ͷܶ͡רΪһڡ
ۼ˭Ҳô˼ȥ㡣ÿʮ,  ƶ͵,  Թģûвõġ
С̯һܴ,  ʮһ,  ټ֮ǰİӣжʮˡ
һ£һԺСҪءҪ,  һ¹һ,  ӡ
̯,  ͿÿǽĵСһʮӹˡ
ض,  ƹġС,  Ƕˡ
ӷһᡣ
ƹĿģʮ⣬ҳԹҵĽ,  ĺܲζҲáǻôʵһҶⲻġϲְ⣬±ζˡǰһ˵,  һֽǣźܹ񫡣
һǰͰԽǣҴͷˡ
ƹĲỹãеˡ
ƹ㶩ʮ,  ͷڵĻûؼȥԡǿջƹǳϱ,  Ƹ¶úܶ˽ֵи¿˵ġ
ƹĳͷɫˣջ϶иڵͦˣ˲ʣ˺ӷҵ±ζ˵ӷᶼŪ˾ûɶ塣ǰ˵Ľǣ͹ʡ
ƹĵǮһҲڵС׬㣬ҪǺʵĻҳ궼Ҫ
һ㣬ͷǮһټϷѺͲѣʮһСǰС̯ĶϼۣͬĶڵҡһܶ׬һҡ
ƹĵɡͷһκΪ˱ʾ⣬ǰһӡֱӸȫ
ƹ̯ǶһɡǰһȻǲˡ
ӷæȥǱߣҪôҪʮ죬Ѽжӣٴ²ųɡ
ӷᰴչأһӵĶ뿪
ʮĴͷиˮȥͰȥʱࡣ
ۺӷᣬҪҲһɡ춼Ҫ·̫̫࣬ӷۣ񿴲ȥˡǰӷ˵һƥӵĵˡ
Ҫƥһ·ʱ䣬ϻܶ˯һ
ӷһҲúãҰѳϵĶǸԺ
˱ȥУ·ʱԷС
ȥţС
кܶͷţģţظɻ˭ҪţǸԣ˼ˡ
ҲһЩɢĶԼҵĵţ
˱˻࣡
ӷǸһͱһеסˣֵܣʲôУ¡
˸ſ˿Ȼе˧еûѱ
ҽ˵רиϲҰԼѱ
ӷһ¼۸񣬴ʮһǧȡ
ӷỨһջƹȫһ룬жʮӡܲܳ⡣Ҳ֪ӷҴ˵طһ춼ˣ߻ûء˵ܳ⣬¿ʮӾ򣬻ӣһҪʮ
سƥеǿ˵Щƥܸɻӡ
֪Ҵ˵طӷȥޣ֮ȴ⡣
ϾԼģǾ⡣
ӷŽһҰĸͷǼƥһΨ⣬ǵһġѪͳܺáһǺĺ
ƥǮӷš
еһƥЩְֺ֮ɫҪĻʮˡûȺӷе˾͵Ҳ㣬ҴһСģļ۾ʮӣм䲻֪ҶٺϣЩͲˡһС̫ңüĶˡԽԽ˸˲ҩǮ
ԭҪϴ׬һʣ˭֪˸׳죬˵֮󣬶ҪЩصҲǣߡúõһƥֵɽ
ӷһԡ󿿽ͷûǰԴĶ֡
һĻе˶ˣǰ˵һţˡͰԼ˵ˣ˭˭ĳ뵹ӷƢ
ӷǣ˼Ȧ˳ĸԱߣӷỹȦȡ
ӷҲƥˡ
е˽ۣе˱ͺǮ˵ˡһǮüۡǺӷͳȫǮʮ룬е˼Ͳ˲ŴӦ´´β֪ɶʱܱߡ
ӷҪϣһչǣ뿪ֻƥȡ໨֮ϰ峵
ӷݳٶȺܿ죬·ǿˡ
·ϣҪȻȻ˼໨϶ˡ⺢Ҳ֪˭ϲЩ
´Ǽ໨ӷ˵šԺʲô㡣յ˴˿ӷĸͷӴĶģ
֪ӷǰС̯֪׬٣Ʋ¶ǹ˴ǻۡӷֻ˵ģ
ģ˲Ľ
ӷ˼ң˩Ժι˵ˮͲϡ
ӷдľѰ峵ĳĳᣬ˾͸㡣ӷҪļľһ֮ɣҪһӡӷ޵ˣӦǣľͿˡ
ӷջصңɩӸ̸۵ǻ֪ɣ򺣻ˣ
ɩӵ˵¶ȷʵ˵ӶǮöӵǰвһʱͷ
ϾܸٲҲֻˡû֮ǰѼӲӣҲµǸˣЩο
ɩԱ߲ӵ¿ͷ
ӷûԵȴЩסˣӵԭ
ŶûУ˵ʲôؼʮӣټ򺣵ҲΪȥˣһһĻɩ˵š
һ˵СҲΪɥꡣ
˵תӣȥɼҰϱӻȫںضǰ˵ﲻڣҲϺضԺһТ˳
ҲҪŵˣɼϴĸˡ
ӷҪôҲܣֻҪԺŪЩ۶ӾУ
򺣻˶Ʒأ˽ѵԼŵĺܵ͡
лҪ˵еĶһʣһǧͭǮһӣ


37 ˸ӷ
ӷҵ໨ʵ̫,  ܶ˶޲һҪôԼҾͺˡ,  ȥĶ㡣
ֽŲʵ,  
໨ˬĴ˸ǣԷ̾Ͱָջȥ,  ڨڨƢͦġ
ӷһС,  ǿСģˡ
һæóλ,  ӡ
໨ʵ̫ÿ,  Ƣ,  Χ۵˶û١
ӷ໨Ҫ,  ໨Դ,  ȥתȦɿɿȡͷҲСƵãС鲽һһߵġ
ΧŴתȦӷȥɽë໨ֱԴӷᡣӷĺ,  Ÿ߸˵Ļؼҡ
ԺͷζѾƮ˳һ̻ζ
ӷȥС,  ƿ÷Ľء
ӷں§סԴļϣ֡ԺﻹɩʰˮءҪǽȡ޹ɶ,  ÿǣʲô
۲ۡӷôǵĻ
ֻˡֻĶƵãۡ
ӷ,  ǰжڼңҪŵݣø̫ȡںӲڣļϣʱĶ䡣
§ס˺ӷᡣ
ӷ§˸Ҫǰѽͣ˰ɡ
Դ֮Ҳ̯λʼӱۻǱһǮǳĲСǰܿˣ⼸쵽ǿ⡣ÿ춼Ҫĥ棬棬ʱ
ˣ𽴹ͷ±ζҲ̫鷳Ļؼҡ
ɡҪǰѽˣ֮ǰ֪ɶ١һ׬һǧġֻܶ㽴ͷֲʧˡ
˽ٻһ죬ξһӣ㹻ջھֵˣҲһЩͷͽˡԺӱ顣
ǰŶŪһž͸Ƶãܿͺͺˡ
ӷͷӵҡ
ӷϴֳȥͿӵΧҵ໨ĶˡҲǰʿϡĲ֪ôãźӷæһӹǾͽʵǸҲܸɻƽúţ˽ͲˡٻһƥȥܶУٿôӢС޲Ǯӷỻ
ֻ໨˺ӷᣬԱһĲˡ
Źӵ
ӵһ㲻ŭ˵ƢĲǺ
ӷȥ໨໨Ź˳˺ܶࡣӷûò
Դ̫ͨˡ
ӵԱ߿۾ˣаˡĽᡣ
ӵ󿴼໨Եģզֲܳأëʶһϵġ˼ǲ϶ǴӲԭŪģۿˣҹԲҲУüӵ㶹ϲУԴؼ֮󣬰ݷ˺ܶרͷ֪Щ
ӵڿɶˡ
ӷȥĶϺõĲϡȸҪú
ӵҼˣ˵һ¡Ͼֿ߰ȫˡӵһԴˣ㿴ˣ͹ſˡ¶е㲻˼ӷǼĳԵͦõġܲ죬иҪϡǰ˼Ե׬Ĳģᣡ
ǰû룬ڷֺӷӻͶ˼
ӷǣĿջͻⶫ۲ˣջʮһеϼۣȥϼĻδغ
ӵһӷô˵ʱˣͶˡһ󼯵ʱ򸽽ĴӣϰնȥȻȥ˵ģûǮġǰЩӣһѴһ棬ǮģʮһͶˡ
Ͳһˡͷ¹ǮûǮģ⡣ǳԹġζҪڼƮȥûܿסġ
ӷô˵ҲͲ˵ʲôˣڸϼⷽ湷ӵмҡϸ˵ӷỹͦмӵġǴΨһƵˡ
ӷؿջʮһⶫѻϣֵܿ϶ܸۡʮһúʾҪҪǾòҲû¶Ӱ顣
ӵһҲܸж֪ǮǺӷø껹˵ʲôءµֶǮӵʣҺҪһٽ濴ôӼʮһôɲͰ
ӷͷ
ӵŸ˵ȥ
ӷ˵ҲܸˣͷǮһϺͲһɱʮģһٽ룬׬롣
ٶϡｴͣǣ㣬һ첻֪õȥһò˼ͼˡȻԺҪѽǺ±ζ⣬ЩǱزٵġ
Ӵ峤һɩӶӴ峤к
ӷһæȥ峤á
֪ʲôӣһһˡ
ӷæȥк
Ӵ峤Ҳϲġӷᰡ㲻˷ôҽû¶Ӻʹ׳ȥѷţȶѩһǣɺˡ϶ĶǿλûʮĶؿ򲻵
Ӵ峤һֱôʵʵİæҲͷһΡӷл峤Ҳȥ
Ӵ峤ԵģôȥHմˣôϾ͸ꡣˬʵһЦ˵һ
˵кˣſ͹ȥˡ
Ե񣬶Щ𾪣峤ôôãǰû˵˭ɻǴĹ٣ƽ˭ʹ
ô峤ɻǲ峤ɻѾˡ
ӷĻƶ㣬ͷһһɡ˶ڡûܳԵġ
Ȼ⣬۸Դ˵̫ˣһֱû
ǲһֱӵˡ
˴Űʱ峤˨ǸˣũҰʽǸɱǲᣬҪ˵źأһѺ֣˨ֱӻ˼ҡ
峤ӷ˵ӷ׼һ㣬֭лƶĶп㣬飬ɢĵζ
峤ζʵ̫ˣʵܲסսӹҶ˵¿ˮҲԵòš
һ£Ӵ峤Ӱ̫СҲֵſɹģ͵һ¾Ʋˡ
ӷԣ´һ͡
Ӵ峤֣ɲɣⶼǮģô˼Ҫһΰ²Ϊ˵ȥˣһ·ϲ֪˶ٴˡ
Ǵ峤УӺʹ׳ҲСɸǸ˻ˡ˵СæôӲˣǺӷ
˨ӵⶫòǮԺл㡣һҲֲ׵ġ
ǡ˨Ҳ̵Ҹضû˵ģСǹһġ¶ҿ϶ϡ
˨ӵ˨ӣɱȲϺӷᣬ˼ҰȥŶ೤ʱ䡣ˣˣڻ˸ર죬ϧǸ಻ġõĺӣӲ˺ġ
˨ӳûȾأепˣæһɱǿ壬ۼҲڡ
˨ӵһƷҲô˨ӻ˵⻰ȥƣүȵ㡣
˨ϲ̵ȥƣһȥִ׳Ҳȥƣ˱ӷ˺òˣϹˡ׳´κضҪл㺰һͼͲˣ˵ضֵý
˨ӵ⻰˵ȥˣҲôѰ˼ġ
˸մƣͷ˵ˡ
Ⱥӣһ˵ġһ˵˴Ҷ쳤˲ӿ֪˭ˡ
һˣһʮ껢ģ׳ʵͷţ˿۾ֱŹ⣬Ҫɻ϶Ǹ֡һݵˣ˴һ𣬻ͦ۾ġ
ǶǳһȥģһǺӷҡ
˵򺣸¶һˣ¶ٲҪ˵ϸꡣ
ֻҪ˾Ҫչȥ
ͼֱӷסĵط͹ˡ
Ϳ׳ʵǸţӷŵ˭
׳ʵҺӷᡣ
ӷҾǣ
һҲˣɻɩǣ֪ԷҪɶҲԱߡ
ӷԺûʰͲǽˡʲô¶ͷ˵ɡˮҪϴԺһһĶû½ŵĵط
Ҳ⣬Ǹ׳ʵ꿪˿ڵүү˵֪¶ģͺëɽɲϴ֮áϴο㣬;㻹С˵үүûƼġƼ㡣ȥ·ȸӻˡ
׳ʵһڣ˶Ŷء˵꣬ĽˣҲдֱӹȥӴ峤ˡ
Ӵ峤ƻû꣬ĨһͣͿ첽ĸϹˡ
ȥԴĺ˵ǿһˣſڳԷ˵ȥ硣Ҫû¸صҶʮҲδܽȥ
ϣ۴Ĵ¶
ϢˡᰡĺҪ
Ӵ峤ЦҾ˵ȥ򳤷ģӷ˶Ҷ϶򳤶˵ġ
ӷû뵽ĺ¶ͷϣȻ򳤸϶öšĵĸлˡ
򳤵ӣȴүүˡ϶֮ġúøɣԺˡ
Ӵ峤զ࣬ǵŸӷɴȥˡԺֻҪӷ᲻ߴ·гкӿ϶ˡ
Ӵ峤Ȼһ֮Ҳڴ˴Ͳˡﶼߡ˺ð¶˭ûõ˭ʱԽҪ⡣
򳤵˵֮ԱǸݵǵ乫ӣһīú
乫ǳѧɷģôһ׮¶Կĺ֡Ѱ˼䲻ɱˣΪġضѺʮ֮ģû뵽͹ͻˡе乫ӿЩͰī˺ӷᣬаѹ
īǶīֵƣ򳤸Ҳ˳ƽһˡֻһȴӡֻ̣ϧ޷Ҳֻ˰취
СģƽҲһЩʳУǧһˡǣǸмװʳе˻ƶǴȥ
лŻȥ
򳤶ˣΧļĴ峤Ҳʳƥ֮˺ӷᡣ
ǶԼ˵㵱лһ峤̯ʱûƶˡ
Ǵʱ򣬴˺ĽǺĴ峤Ʒζˡ
ⶼǸӷƽأ
עСʵӷܺߡķӱˣɱˡҲҳࡣ
ҷǾӿǼҿ˶ʲô
˵Ķԣ˵ɽǲϴ֮ã˵ľˡ
Ը۵ĹԺ˭ô޼ɵ۸ӷᡣ
ҪһԹ˰Ҽһ֮ǰ͸Ϲϵ֪Ҳӷ񣬶õĶ񣬺üŻ͹ˡӷһһܾ
˵ؼլŽգ˭ӣ
ȴ˵ӷҵ򳤵ǰˡҲˣֻǵؼǺˣȥ԰ɡ
ӴӦˣ˰ӰڿˡһƿʳУζһ˳򳤵ıӶ΢Ķ˶
үһһͿУζһƤͽͷֿˡĲС˦ӳԭ˷ֲǺʮֲ
ƶʱ䳤ˣһƵãԽԽ㡣
򳤶ҳһҪǲô˵ƶҪ˳ꡣ
ҧһڣȻŴ㣬ǰûԹĺáճһھ񫡣˵ˣӺǰĹͷˣڻһ飬Ȼһ鶼ûĳԡѵһ㲻֪ϰףզء֪Լԡ
ӵҪʵ乫£ҲһʳУĥݵˣԽϣҲ˷ѡճԵʱĥˣ׼Ƹүү
򳤵ȥʣ
򳤵ȥ˲һӾͻˣЩ֮ɫ˵ˣѾˡ
ֻõˡȻû㵫ƶҲŹ׼үˣϵ¾ơ
ȴ˵乫Ǹ˵ǣȻֶ򳤲ʱǲģùһڻƶζֳһ㣬úóԡпֲûҪ
С˵ү׺ˣ۵óˡҪԼү̰Ҫ󰸣Ӧˡ
乫ӵҶ᲻ˡôãͷһγԵô˳ڡʳĶҰ·ϳԡ
⡭СЩΪѡ
乫üëһС˿ڡԹԵȥʰʳˡ乫ӰǸȥˮС˴ߵɼסؼҶɼλˣǻҪ·ݷõġ
סˡݵС˵š
乫㣬
лҪ˵ǽĸǰûиˡ


38 СǾȻȻ
Ǳ֮ǰܶ˯ʱ໨ǸʢС,  ٶȺܿ졣ϵʱ򣬰ԺЪЪţǳȥ̯
±ζĿÿĶ硣
Ȼۼķֺӷһ轴ͷҪȥջ
ǽ,  ͷ⻹΢΢Ĳ,  ɲˡ
ôɶҳ򡣡
Ҳ˸ֳˣ
Ǹǿջġһ,  ֮ˮͦ,  ǰ׼ĶࡣȻȻԼҲ˲١
ʳһͲûţŹͷ͹,  Ǯ,  ɢô
ǶĴû,  ʱӲ»ڼֻڹ,  һСԺԴ,  һԭûŵʱͷ̵֧ĶҪŪ,  ˵˹ӵҪϼǸſһʱ䡣
ֻΪѵĽˣǧŪ֮,  һҪʼ
ӷͻ߾æˡ
Ѿ߻ͷԺˣר±ζˡ
ŪĴһͦźģ˵кüң˭ҲûǺóԡƤͺܾ,  ȻʳζԽԽ㣬ĨǽҲɫ˲١ɿڣԽԽԡ
ȥ,  պͷ׷ǰܾΨһȱǳԵ̫ѡôһƿꡣҪǼ˶ģһƿ͹һٷġ
˿˵Ҫˡæûˡ
С±ζҲҪûôĹ֮ǰôһüʮˣÿʮƿҾС
ȳͷĽ̫ˣ˼ұһڱˣ½¸ףһأʱǵŵ
Ҳ˽ԭ
ܿ죬Сھֵһ˵ԺˣһӾͲˡʱıԣͷ
˼ȻҲǼҵζһһµġ
ֻŵæһ磬ܿ
һһţݣʣ¼űɢɢˡ
ֻʣ±ζˣҪԺ춼ôҲ÷ʲô¶̰Ҳ׬Ǯ
ܿ±ζҲ˸Բˡ
һӡһҪǮʣµӣҪȥϣҩ֮Ҫ±ζȥȵ±ϣúӷӷҲȥ䡣
˾ͳȥ߸ģӷỹԼҵС໨Ҳǣˡ
ǣһ·ˣ໨úÿȥҲرӡ
һ·ӷᵽСȻ˽ǱߡˣҲ˼˵ٹ죬ǾͿԷ¼ˣܻȥ졣ӷ⼸ҲȲˣͷԶԶĿһۡ
˭֪ȥʱøϺԺءСءдɳģеӡ
ӷһ۾ͿǼӣڵϣ֦һһдء
ӷһͿ
أһ䣺ض塣˵ǹӡ
˿̻ţҵô
ӷæţ´ηżٻ㡣ֻ˼ֽš
ллض塣
ӷﲻҪܣͬѧǶúõġ
ӵšԻڵддСȻȻȻˡ
ӿɾĺ
ӷ᱾ĿһۣºӼ֮ҡ
ôһͿԼҵСƵܹſֵ
ӷḩӣһѸˡǰڼҵʱ򣬾ͺһ𺰡
ӷԼҵޱڻСһûˡȥӷ͵͵һڡСȻЦˣ벻ȻȻ
ˡ
СȻȻȻҲˡҫڻдˡдһд
ӷҶд̵òáʵǺ庢ӵĻϹ˽ӣѧ·ճддû⣬ֻܺÿ
ȻȻһθȻţҶѧ㣬ؼҽǡ˵ſˡ
ǺӷͷⰡȻȻʱǺ޲ðһж
СȻûСƵãҵιˮô
ӷСιҲ׶ӵС˵ˣҪǶôϡɱ˳ˡҲ֪ôСȻеСӡ
ӷǣǰ໨Ƿżٵʱ򣬴
СȻղȫ˼ϣûע⵽СȻ۾ֱŹ⣺ۡŤҿһ𣿡
ӷԡŶתͷ໨
СȻ໨ֱȻһ㲻£۾Ź⡣໨
໨̽չСȻһ£ٵջ񲻺˼ˣֱӶںӷĻ͵Цˡ
СȻſںӷĶߵҪ໨ѡ
ӷС
СȻԽĸˡǺܿ죬洵ӵˡղŻʵСҪˡ
СȻҲţúӷڵϡСһﲻúӷߡǸĺúӲ̿Ρֻ´μǵҡ
ӷš
СȻƲ죬˰֡ܡ
ӷźǽݣûһ˺־ӷվһŻȥ
صУ񼱴ҴҸҪȥһһŷĵһȥġһΪء
ӷ˩
ˣĻôˣ
Ȼӷû˵ܸо鲻á
û¶ӷΪҪӡĶ˼˵Ϊӣһ棬Ⱥӻܡ
ȴܲµȥ˽ˣϸǹǣȥܸɶ
ӷ˵ͷ
ÿ̯ȥʵѣ°ѺܲˡǱߺòɲѧϰǻؼôѧ̤ʵȥһΡҲûȥûУ
ӷûݣдˡ
۾һ˿Ц⣬ӵÿһǷϲ
ȻȻ˵Ҫչ˺ӡ
أ˵ʲô
˵һȥСǾһȥҪĴˣСءӷ˵š
Ա߳Դ׵ϴȥʱûñ
˼ң㱧
Ƴ˺ӷһ̧ۣ°͵Ҫ§ȻȻ˯
СҲѹȻȻ󡣡ӷ˵硣ըӺը⡣
һ㣬˵ĺӴ
ȥɩڴǼܲôӻûԹأ
ţк춹ţţ⡣񲹳ЩģȻȻ϶ϲ
ӻż٣˼


39 
ӷڶ,  ̯֮ȥñ
иܸĹӴǺӷɣʵҵĶˣ֪ô͵򳤵ۡﰲ˸ϳĻ̤̤ʵʵĸ,  ȻӴһ,  Ų۵ȱ
һӡڻһЩ棬ȻǮ
ܴѵ,  û˭ǴǮšиǮ·,  ˵̲ɶǮЩ̻Ҫ㣬ССϺҲιιǣ
Ǯ,  һë֡ɵ,  һθ,  ҲС
ӷܸ,  ,  ɶ¶ֱкҾͳɣ
ܸɡһѰν֣ҪϴܶŹȥ͸ȭ˭Ҳø֮Ҹضһèţ粶ͷî۾ͿԻؼ§ϱȥˡⶼӵճ
ܸڹ,  ֪ӷʲôͷʮ궼ûˣ갲ۣ򳤺ܿ,  Ҳֵĵһˡ
ܸ˺ӷ֮⣬»һбӵˡ
ʮۣԶиԵĲ¡еˣеʦүˡвͷˡǻභ,  ѲֵСආղĸǰ
ӷѲֵ˵,  Ⱦ⻰Ȼ١
˼־ηҲûд¶ġżмСؤû߽һɢˡ
ܸĻѲֵʣµʱͶԼˡȥһС̯ǱߣѾ̯ء
ӷæ̯
񿴼ӷᣬ۾ġȴ㴩أҸɻ
ʲôȻΧС̯̯ӷᣬ۵ѡʹ˼־η
ӷ̯궫ˮϳȻȥҲϳġ
ҵɡ
һʱءȥ˯һɩһŪ̫ۡӷš
һ죬£ô۵ĶȥһµҪǰ໨ˣôؼң
ӷʱҶˣܸӸ磬סĸˮ岻ԶܸиĻһθʮǮ
һǳɡӷѶᵽ˺ԺŸˡ
Ȼ͸ܸ˵ģһûʲô¶ȵîʱ򣬸ǲͷġֻǲͷһ֣î֮󣬰Ѻӷ˵һЩٻúøɣû˵ˡ
îʱ򣬺ܶ˺ȵС˵ģһǰƵġҲֲ֡ˣܶɢ˵ʱ򣬺ӷỹŵһ֬㣬ȥˡ
ֱܸӵǵһ˵һߣܸҲһƥɫĺҲܽҾ͸ˡеҶѣ˭֪һͺڣôͨ巢ûһɫֵʮҲŻһ벻˵ŻʱȴЦ
ƥˣ˵¶ء˭֪һɫһ©
ܸǶˣȥ˼ˣһشţ졣ܸжʱ䣬ݳǳȵ
ܸȻʮˣǹﻹڴࡣÿӼˣҲǮء´ࡣ
ӷͷܸЦҵط˰ԿһͷãߵеϷ˵ĵĸо
ӷЩ˺ȾƣŮˣͷô
ܸЩ˱м˶ʹӽġͷҲһֻ۱һֻۡ˼ܷۿɲܷ۸ûҪͷ˳˵ҪɱӺƽͷܽиˡ֮ʵʵģҲͷСۣ׬СǮͺá
ӷ֪ܸءЦл
ܸ࿴һۣҲû˵ģɲʮ꣬ӴҲ٣úӷỹе˲һһ͸Ǳӵʱ򣬶˲ȥһ㡣
ܸĶԺӷᣬһΪ˱򳤵֪֮ڶΪõȻֲ࣬˺üʵΧҲ֪ͱˣһֵܵȻá
ӷᵱ۵·ʱ򣬻д͵ʱʼűڡ

յһθզ
ɶ
Ӵ峤һӵˣ˼ҹˣԺ˵ϴżЦСҺһڣ˶ˡɷ˵Ҫק
ӷһؼҳԷء
Ӵ峤Ц֪ˡӸɺˣ˵Լķ˱ɲԶˣ
Ӵ峤ô˵ӷ峤ȥ
Ӵ峤Ҳòп컯󣬴ӷּҵڲŶ򰡣춼ˡ㿴ˣӷЩˣϲסڴӵĽ䡣
ǰӷӴĽ飬ܰŪһٷӴ峤˵ģҲڣ˳˴峤ҵϱ
峤˰˸ˣ˼֮⻹㡣˷ϣ峤Щӣûһģרдǡ
ӷϺǣһ԰ɡôҲԲꡣ
Ӵ峤ǺȵƣԵء
˵Ϳʼƣһٷ˲١峤ſŷ
±ζѾڹˡźӷ˼ҡ
ӷʶѵģ·ֱˡѺӷϣѺӷϴ·һ˯ѡ˭֪һúӷˡ͵⼸գۣΪ򲻺áһľߡ
ղԾѾˡЮסΪޣΪ⡣

ӷڶʱ˯һˡ´βȾˡǿڳˡ˾Ƹ޼ɵˡ
ӷǸҲûֻǵ˵һء㵹һûһᡣ˶ٵľʦһӵĹѾˡֶٽϣһˡ
˵ŻͷֺӷǹˡӷģɣǹЦʱȴмƢӢмܲסЦʲô
ã
һüͷСģСȻ񣬲䡣
ӷһ£ܾˣó̯ء˶Сᣬһ׵ػģճ
ӷա˵һţǵ̯λڶӷȥî
ߵʱȴְ̯и֮ˣ򺣣ԼӰ죬Ҳ˸̯ؼҽĻƽ򺣻ƺеҲһĨ


40 ܻ
ǰڴĽ,  δʱеţѡǴŵӳף,  ڼ,  ӻȥ˽顣
ؼҽܴǮûˣҲ,  ϴ,  ȻҪص
ǹ˸ţٶĴ󽴳
಻ˣ֮ǰȻѾ׼ǸĲһ,  ˵,  ò׹,  ʶԷҪҪû,  ɥ
ǰ⸱Ҽģ,  ϶ڻһ塣صѹϣʵûĸ绨ѩˣЩ,  ȥûԡ
ȴûϣڴҵģڶ
ǿ뷨,  һ޵ĸϻȥ˼ЦôǰûܻȥأĪֻܻѡ
һô˵ɫ׵ǵġƱ,  Ѿˣ񻹱䣬ίѹ,  ĵ䡣
ûοֻĿһۡ
ɫߺȿˣԼµĻƽǮһƽҪǮһôུܲٿȥڵ˵ǮҪģǮ
һ˵ôˡҿ
һɫƷʵȷķͽôˡϵ˶Ը㡣
ʮ˵ɣһ¡
Ϊ˿ţӦˡ߿֮󣬺Ŀ˾˳ˡ
ջЩţʱ䳤ˣкˣֻҪװͳˡ
ʱһҲ΢΢
ߵĽˣ˵ˣ׷׶к˹
⣬Ūþܲ·ϣһҨأѽҸղŻΪˣѽ̧ͷҲǸСǰҲ׷򺣣û˵һ̻ȫҰᵽسǣûˣϴ֪ڵӱȻ
ΪǰУ˼滹мΣĳ档
СĺűӣζС˵̫̼ˡ
˵Ҿ͸˼ӳͱԡҲʮĽչ⡣
һ˲ȴЩᡣ
ŷִ󲿷˶Ǹ̯λ±ζ۸ζãȥĴ󲿷ֶǻͷ͡һЩ˴ͺܺãСˣרŹȥ
⣬߶һЩ˵ģ޲ٸһǮٸӲˣҲֻϵù
ȻĿⶼע񡣺ܿ쿴̯ˣǣװ϶͸ųˡ
ĽɱţˡҪӴһ̣뷨û˵ڣͷˣϾ֮仹ֹ죬Ҳ˼˵Щ
ܿߵĽҲˣʣ˵㽴ǰ͵ġ
·մĽ㶼ζˣղŴʱ򲻾ãһ·ʱ˶˱ӣһӶ
һᣬ
ίίҳس̵ţζ֮ԺĿͣǻʮİȥ
˼ţʽЩоƵáҧ۲ɿڡһ߻ȥ
һǱԽĽҵĸͷˡ

ӷǿˣûעˣתȥȥî
îչҪȥѲˡ
ԭѲܸͱˣ˺ӷȥܸ֮ͲˡҲȥ۵ͬǺȾˣߺȾƿɲȫǺȾƣƾҪ𷢲ƵĵǿɶǼзݵġ
ȥǵǸƾҲǻȦˡ
Щ۲Ҳȥ⻰˵Ѳ֣ǹأ
ʱлˣӣȥȥȥѲ֡
ǧлĸܸϲ
ͷҪôͶϵҪôܸġ޶̣ûʲôҲۣܶҶ档ҲֻܸܿȻȥ˼ҵľƾ֡
ܸ򵥵İͷ˵һΣ˵лʱ˵ﱳ󣬵СǲͷŽģԽǲͷˡ
ܸ˵ʱһۣ˵˻Ͷ̥
ӷ֪лأƽ¡־ҵġ
˶˵ллҵ֧ӷȴ˵лиӣûˣҲǵСԸ񣬸һлҼʵڲͻ˴Ǯ
ӷȻ֪лݣδ룬ճȥѲ֡
лظ磬һɣ¶ҲиӦ
áӷӦˡ
һһֵ߹һٲķװȻ磬һ·ҪôҪôη壬ʵʵġ
Ѳֲ˿ŶǸ£ܶͶ㣬Ը⡣ӷȴ߹ÿֵˣûôϤһһ߹֪ס˶࣬Ժоƹݡ
лߵʱӲ࣬ܶ˾ǼģһߣҸطңȥˡΪӷҲû뵽ȴ档
лҪߵһ㣬ͻᱻ£ɲԸ䵥ֻÿ߼Ϻӷᡣ
лһֱߣЩôǻڷԡӷǮˡ
ӷ˵ɣʲô¶
лһ㶣Цʲô¶㡣
ӷûǽ乧άѾѼҪֵѲһ顣ĻѾˡ
лҽһ˵¶ˡ
سǸ飬ЩŰ¶ˣߵĹǼһ롣ҪǵѲϵˣͿԶˡﲻĵĹء
ͷҲ֪߹̫ү¶һֻ۱һֻ۵ġ˭Ҳȥ˿۵ˮϾ⿿﷢ǵȺģһһپˡ
лһɣʱҷһ롣
лӵСȥѲϡЩЦ˵ǳ̵ĺӣҪǸͷһЩӣԸ档
лҲܸܵʱ䳤ˣҲЩ˴һˡ֪˭һźӷ;øӦöƢƾֶû룬Ϊ˵ӷ˵˵
ӷ˵ɡ
лˣǸӷһȴĪӷָӣҲ
͸ӷ˵¶
ӷһʱòٵ
ϵŵһˣ˵òׯϰĶŮ࿴ˣ˸͵һ֮Ȣء˭ֹһõŮӣһŮŵڵĹ㡣
ݱ̻ŮҪúܶ࣬Ҫˡö˶˵ףׯĸŮ˶ըˣѵһĻӡҪɱˡҽˡŮףзȢ
злǰæӣŵֻҪôɡ
¶Ҫϵ۸Ƕ˵ֻǰץ߼죬ٶŮԻӦǵ˵ʱһء
׬ӡ
л𳤵Ļ˵۶̫ӡûУֻ˹˿һЩ
ӷ߰ɣǹȥ˲СҪʸ֦ѹ֮ˡʵڲԸȻҪץɼĶݡ
ӷһȥ˲ׯղѲֵʱûʲôˣΧߡԶԶľڳ¡
߽һҹûҪˣҪϱôżҪޣͷʲô¶ɣ
ׯƹ˿Ļƨ˵űⵣҪˡ
ûأɱһĽɱˡ
ӷʱǳһ׼˽ȥ
пǱһˣĸסĸȫ̶Ųôڣͼͻͻͻ˵ͣ
ͷΧڸǰ֡
ӷŵһοԲŮģԣŲׯѣлͷһνӻˣԼ⣬ҾǸŮⲻ󣬵Ҳ㹻ˣǾص۸˿ĥܶ˶ֲѡ
ôׯ⣬Ȼܴ󸻴󣬵Աůǲ⡣
з׺趼֪Ǯֱ˿̼˹ٲһûүڿˣղӾҪɱˣˡ
ѪˡС̣Ҳ٣ͷһοѺڵ˵ǰ׵⡣
ӷΧ۵˻٣ɢΧۡƺ㣬ȷ˻Χ˲ˡ
лҲԱ˵šȻ˵СԼ¶ɣҪæǺԸģͰȺɢˡ
ӷȥз˵ɣ
зĸװӣҲðŪ̫⵽ʱ˵׿ɲãֻǵһᣬֻҪǿ׾ͺá
Աҽеᣬղûɱң
ӷ۾ῴ㲻˵Щ˵Ļ
зȻҸͦӣɲҸӲӲںӷһֲ֮Ͽˡ
ӷѹнׯ˵
Ͼףܲǰ
ӷ˽нȥ֮з軹Ų֪˵ʲôЩģȻ֪ʹǮҪǶԷ˺ҲǮŪû˲ס
˵죬ûȿڣӷɨ˹ȥһӲ˵ˡ
ӷݣ˵˵ɡ
ҲԶÿˡͷһζôصĿ޸ͣԭԭ˵ġ
֪İ汾ΨһһǣӻתΪɴʮӡΪ׶ҲǮǷû򡣲Χһ֤ˣҲûﲻԣҹÿλ붼ں
ҪҲաҲûҵǮһƥһģǮ궼׬һҡ֪ԷҪʸ֦ԽߺޣƾʲôҪԷҸ̤ʯ
һֱǼ֣ŵͻ˺üݶȻǲˣһݴһҾ͵ǰǻôȢϱš
ƹĿ޵Ҫȥˣôһ˿޵ĺòġ
һԵлЩˣӲΪȱǮͼһֺǡĹѺָᷢʲô
ӷ㻹ô
ث֣ϴҶӴΡֻȢˣĲʡ
ӷǽԵǽԹȻ֪ɿΪҪѡи˻ܱȽٱǿӲֻһˣαΪͷ˴õ껪
һ㶡
ƹæŮװɣٸѰһźõġתָлЩҶ˵ˡţǼɶȥһ˵Ͼȥˡ
Ȧһ죬ƹĵȥѸףҲˡ
ƹһҲáá˸˺ӷᣬӷлһһз˾ʹ˹ֺõЦүô
ӷҵͨǲöŲ⣬ƻŮӵڣھͽȥǸ
ɫЩз׻㶮¶æȥⲻǡ
ΧֵȻлɢһΣûΧһˡ뿴ֳôճ
ӷ˰з
˾ͻȺУһ̾͹ˡӷɻŮʮӣ
Ͻˣûе¶Ҫҡ⻰˵ĺܴ
ܲˣϽǮʱ鱦мҵСҲڸǰʮǼҪ׬ܾõġȻѾ˱ˣο໹ʮ
ӷǰҲɵΪƣȻǸˡ
ӶʱЩŭԭΧֵϰġ⻰Ҳе۷׷ˡȻЩ˿ֲ¶󡣵Ҳûӡ΢һ룬֪ϸ֦׵ʲô
ۿӷҪ֢ԲͷһΣȻ󣬵ǴġΣȫʮӻ㡣ֻҪóǾˡ
öΣȥ˶ĵ̡ʮӣз˾ٶνǸһƣӷѸǡ
зȻԸˣǻ뿪
ΧۼȺǶˣɢˡ
ӷ֮лæϣмֳݵĿ⣺ظ磬仰Ͱһ׮¶ƽˡ˵ͿʼӣҪһ롣
ӷŰɡ
л𱾾ͲǮԺӷݵĲУǷҪ¡˵ԺҪ졣޲ðȫӶ
ӷֻһ룬С¶ܾһˣܵ߾ɽͷ
лףٲˡȥһȴ˼ˡ˵źӷǺҪӽܸӷҳˣ
лЩʧ
ӷûٶ˵صŵʱ򣬾ͿǺѾˣüϡܸҲȶˣͷһβμĳʮ˷ܣӷҪĸܲμӾƾֶôá
û˵䣬лӷᵹ衣
е㷴Ӧôôˣ˵仰Լһԡ


41 Ӷ
ת۾͵СȻżٵ,  ǰһѺӰԵĶáֻ׼һĻ겻ǽӺӣ
ӷỹ˼١
ǻǽˡ
˽Ҫǽѧġ굽ĺӣص͹ˡûһӵѹӽ,  СȻ۰Ͱ͵ĵ,  壬ȥɡ
СȻȴ,  ҵϾ󻹺һ,  һĸкټ
ӵҲֲֻȴӻȥˡһ,  СȻͿ,  յ͵͵Ĳһ۾,  Ա߻ڵŸĸӵСҵòӰɣСЩǳ
ȫû,  ڶǽͷ,  Сģȫ
ӷῴȻôô棬ǻЦ⡣
ȴˣȥ,  ˣһȻȻˡ֪ͲӦģǽԺҪʲôûб˺ƭߡ
ͦ׵,  ûסӷĺƣӻͦ˼ģʼվǱǺܿ췢ĵﶼӺ,  е㵣ˣ֪Ķ˸ʯͷ˹վ棬ºӷῴ
ӷǽϱ,  ְߣȥӺӡ
ԺӣԿ׸šǱӵ˽ԺûסƽվżѰߣ˯߸缸ˣߴƳԾơӷӷһƣԺöԼҶӵ˽ӣͽԿ׹ƶӡ
ӷ໨ǣƹ֣ԼҶӾϲյܹӷһ̾͸ӿڼϣֱֻ˻СһҲ£ѵˣ˿˫ֽ§ںӷĲϣСؿϡ
ӷᱧźӣַӵҽˣлչˡ
ȻȻһͷַ¶һ˼ЦݣӱƵˡӣһԣСˡ
ַӺЦĿһ¿ɰĵӣ㻹ԼԵɣȥɡ
ַټȻȻ˵ţСһﻹͦ¶ġ
˿ſС
˿ȻȻʼˣΪʲôأ
ȻȻֵôӷһڡ
СȻ˼İںӷؿڣףǵûС
ӷ
ү컯û꣬ˣʲôȥ˵ɡ
СȻһҲԱߣֺõֻС֣ҲҪ
հѶӱڻСȻͿʼСԴСûȻȻ
һ롣˵š
СȻСֱȻ˳һϵĴСôô
С˵š
СӸжˣҪףҪġ
Ҳмܲס⺢û˽̣ôô᣿
ӷкСȻ
СȻ˷ܵĲУǼҵ𣿡
šŶӶԴ棬ڻĶһһʼ˵
ȥ·ҲģӵЦ
ӷԴӽ˶ӣǱߵЦݾû
ǸһңӾʹŴСҺȻˣ߰ȥ˽ȻҲͬ飬һԺӴĵطʮӣСڴܵĺ˵ȻǲϰߣһĺǷ漸졣
СȻеȥϾǸӣء˿̿źӷᣬ֮ǰҲҺ֡
ӷȥɣԷ
СһЦݶʱ˵ָܳȥˡ
ԭغֺЦС·˵ңǼٻյһûһأܡĶһʱĶĶճˣڣܶܲס
ӷѧôãҲˡȥҲá
˺ӷһۣǺˣ
ӷսѵˮһ촽Ǹÿ˵ʱҪһУǲĺ
ӷ񣬻һ£ǻûԡҪسըˣ㿪
ϳ֮ǰѾ׼߰˰ˣȶӻٷһ¾ܳˡһ㣬±ӣһСһĸѾݳ޵ġ
ҪӷỹվԭأЦ⣬²Ƕ䶼ˡװװͰ͵ӣȻȻĺ콬ȥժһ㡣
ӷá
˵˸СɽȥɹˣӾժ˼ƬҶӣѿ׸ˡһ·ӡĿȷǸģĢҰɶĶȤ
ɽϣĺӣ˶ԣͰĹӶժɾˣϵĻв١
ӷӸߣժ˰𡣺콬ÿһָֻСһһժɷ˾ֲק֦ߣĻ´ξͲˡŶӺ񶼰ԡɵĺ˴Ӳժꡣ
ӷǵɽϻɽߵһЩȻɽλúִ֪ǰ˲֪ЩӶɽϵ
ӷõģժʮϵɽҰˡǴ˵ϰ߲ɵ˺ö½˵ǣôɡ
ӷȥ·ϣȴƼ˺طС·ģʮǱ
ӷô⣿Ѿɽˣ޵ģ˶ˡֲӷǰҪΣֻι޵ķݶɽ
طĻ͵һֻӡﶼҪⲻˡ򺣴׬˵Ǯȴһ֮ǰӣԵĴ²ȣʵǲܲˡ
ɽΧҳȥûҰ֮ģҪԾֻһ㡣
Ҳ֪ǲ󣬻дһХ˸Ͻ첽ɽˡ
޹˶ЩɥӷһѣץһѺӣ
˵˺Ҳͦ˵ġֲһͷġ
ӷᵽɽ£ǾͷֵˡطСֶӵԺǿɱɽˡҲе£Ҫʲô¶ⲻҿ˺ӷᡣ
ӷصңǼȻȻͻ˼ңСءǰж࣬һٱһٵġڱúιܵ˽ˡһһĸֻٹЩ϶ˡ
ӷϷƵãСȻĺ콬ʹӡ
ۡСȻܸ֡
ӷϴˣװһ̺춹ţ⣬ݸȻȻһͰʮġҪǵŸǳôĶǲġ
СȻӹ֮һ飬ӷһ飬ʣһСķԼĸζһڶϲ
ӷԵĻ´λ򡣡
лл˵š
ӷ˴ཱུСʲô


42 ´
ó,  ŶӺöûˣó˿ҵı¡
ԵСȻԲ
СһԸ໨ιʳ໨,  ˵һһġϴССŷҪм˯
ӷԱ߳Ц˵ô
СһֻЦ,  Ȼ۾װ˯ӷָ˵СӵЦ
úӷŶ˯ӷŲķſ,  ǰôû,  Сô档СһﻹҪ§Ĳӣãճˡ
ӷῴŶӵ,  ᡣҲǺСԸճ,  ٹ곤,  ʱͲˡ
СȻ֮͸ӸɽҰķ,  һҲ,  ûһ˯ˡ
˶һڣСһ̸⣬Ϣţζ
ӱӷᱧڴ,  רСӡ
м䣬ӷ˯ֱӰһ,  ҪԼϡ˳Ȳ˹ȥ
񱻼ĺ˵ӣӷȴû̫㡣
ֶֻס˺ӷ죬˵Щ
ӷſҧһ֡
⧲,  һԼ֡ûüصɺӷᣬͱӷεıڻ
ҲǶӻԵʣ,  һˡ
ˣ֮ҧ˺ӷ촽ϡһʱûƺȣҧѪ״ʼա
ӷȴȫȻ⣬˯ɣˡ§˯

ڶӷ촽ϹȻһС˿ڣˡ
ӷζŶСèӵġ
һԸŭԡ
СȻȴèĶأ
ӷɿһҲٶ٩˰ɡ
СȻԵãų緹ͱСųȥˡ
ûһͷѶӽ˻СһսͷưôꡣӷȥջھǶ±ζͻڣͣˡ
ǸС⣬ﶼûУһֻͣ⡣
˸ºͶңϸĵĸϵá
ӷôģˣ
һۣ˭ˡԼʵèҧ˻á
ӷĶߵè̫ˣץҪݺݵĴһƨɡ
ڵһºˣӷͰˣʧ
꣬ҲмֵġСȻС
Сӱڻ֪۸ˣһ˲ֲײĳ硣
СȻǣҵĶӡ϶񣡡
Ŷӻݣֳ֮ʪѻ𿻵ûһȺˡɡȥСӺԺӼ򵥵ʰһ£Żݡ
һݣȺĿͷ
ˣһһ˵ŻСһ˵ַӺᣬСһ˵¶ɽˣǳԵĲ̫ãܲǰײˣܳһ⡣
ҪˣҶѣǵûֵߣҸƿ
šСȻӦš
ûһǾ§˯ˡܿһϤϤѣΪˣͿһϤ˻ˡ
ӷʱֱӰѶҺˣʵ̫ˡ
ټôꡣ
񿴼۾һ˿ϲôˣ
ӷͷûȥͲһ˵îûؼˡ˶ǰֵӶûţ꽽ðˣ·һ˶ûС
źæůů֣ʪ·Ⱦ˷纮
ӷæһѣǱˮʪ·ֱӷϴɾˡڣˮֱõԺһˢһ£ϴĸɸɾ
һʲôһѺ濾ĴƤ㣬С죬ǰǼǳԲģڼеǮˣЩСҲ뱸ˡ
һˣŻ׶ܸˡܿưôС˺ܶࡣš
ӷɡȥţ˨ӣض磬طϹӸҧһڡ첻ˣ
ӷ˵ţö˶˵ô߶һڣ
˨ӵĲ֪ţͷˡϽȥưɡҪ˵ûˡ
ӷ˨ӣȥһ͵˨ȥ֪ͨҡ
ӷȥ˵һҪȥһæһӣ
ӷӹǮתȥˡ
ȥ˺ؼңؼҵطЩ˵ˣ̧˺ؼҡͷء˵һˡһŴǿ˶ˡ
ӷһֲǺضڣعùҲڣźӷʱֱζӡ
ô˶ˡĽ裬ӷȥ˺ططϱ˺ü˨˵ôأô¶
ţĵŭȺ֪ߵغļһҪȥɱܣⲻôҲԼûı¡
ط׬Ǯ˵ϴǱƤƻܿ൨ܹǶҪͼ˼˹ȥҪ˭뱩ŭôˡǼҲԾ鲻̾ˣٶˡ
һӴ峤Ҳ˹˶զ
Ŵһ¡Ҳһʼ˵ǲӦȥܡҲиϢ˵ˡ
ǮҪǮһ͸һӾͳɣʱЩʧѪ࣬˰ɽΡپǰӣټҩǮûǡ
ţʹͷļȱ̬ǮƽְɣһҶġ
عùõӦĸ֡ҼҺطȻû˼Ҹ첲֣ʲô϶Ǵȥģǻûء
ضԱû˵ȻҲعùһ뷨
ţĵҲǸ𱬵Ըһ⻰ˣҺط޹˭֪۶ࡣЩСӶǸɵģҸպصģǱ۸ˡ
ԱæԲ壬Ǯǿ϶
ţĵæǰæָ󽪲ʲôģܵһ͵ˣĻߴߴģˡһӶ¶Ҫǲϣһ͡
ͷҲعùõǳˮ¶޵ϱͲҪЩˡ
Щ󽴵Ǯ˺ض֪ΪɶضСǮҲø
˹αӹ˵һ١Ҳû⡣
ǮתˣȴԺؼۼԺ׸ǼҿʡҩǮ᲻ʰС˵㣬ֱӾˡ
ӷûؼլˣֺؼլӱ֮ǰ˲٣ԴСϾǮˡǰѲٶˡǰǴլӣھм֮⡣


43 
ӷһ,  һѺطŪķæ뿪ˣӷ,  ͳһǮ,  ͷװġǮ㻨˵
ܸطƳ,  ɽˮˡ֮ǰӷ˾,  Ҫأһӿ϶Ҫûʲô󰭣͸,  ϾԼҵǮҲ׬,  ɳ¶Ҳ
طлл硣
ӷῴ,  ԺǱȥɽˡ˵仰,  ˡ
ط,  ֪Ժӷ̫ˣͳ׷ˣѾӷԵˡ
ӷᷢûָˡһСм,  һˣ򺣷ҪտôѹҲСЩ޹ء
ӷ뿪ⲻ֪عùøضѾԵȺʱ,  ôûǰҲ֪˵
عùԴյ֮˴ش廹Ǵ˿ϴ˺ö,  ϻζӷյ³ɺޡ
ӷȴأʲôأѾּˣ
عùõСʱһʺһİ,  Ӳ˾ּҡ
ӷͷźعùãΧֻ
ӷô
عùõΪǩǸʲӾ´ˡˣ㲻̱ܵڴ㲻ϱźţ
ӷЦһ£ЦȴúضЩ䡣
ӷʺǲûظɾôȫ˵ǲãŶˣ¶ҹܡ
عù̿źض۾Щɲ˵ɶ˼
ضۡ
عùٻҲ֪۱ȴ峤ţһڵӷǸûϢģû뵽˼ҡһˡǸ˵Ļû취ȥ˿ε
ӷԺضЪ˼ɣúõӣͣأ
ضǰѹûӣû뵽ڱϢġȻѾֱӵ¶õǮɣ׬ôǮһֲ˵ȥźӷڴȸǰһˣۺˡ
ӷ˭ĺӣ˭Ҫû£ôʲô
ɻǱ˵û£ο˵⻰˻ϵĶӡıڲ㡭㡭
򺣸Ŵֲгա
ӷţˣȫ嶼ڰͽţȴƫƫֵеϧҲû취Ϊ˸ϾħˣҲȥ޸ϵ
ӷ˵ûǮѾûˡ
ؼҵӱڵʱǽһϵ£СĶвֽشǽҲҪףһ׮׮ҪǮ
ӷµ˶ڡҪҪǮҸǸӡ
һ仰˵ע˹
ӷֵǮľغͽҳһĶĻʮҪͬĻҿȥӡЩǾǮˡ
˭֪ضȴȻŭҾǶҲЩ㡣ĸεˣ֪Ķ
ӷʮ㶼ͬ⣬´ξֻʮˡ󵭵˵һ˿־Ļҿϸô࣬չС㻹浱Ҳ֪ɣЩҲͺضЩܵĺܺã
ӷʮͿʼڽɻһػûɹϵ¶ûܡҲһֵǮЩúͼһ¶ҲͶʮͷ
۷ʱһ׬СһһǧɣЩۼδض벻ˡȥǮ
Щ򺣵أղӷ˵ʮʱ΢һ¡ԴӼʶķһһ׬Ǯˡ
йҵѪ̣ȻⷽЩ츳ֻǿûбÿٳĶᱻʱ򣬺²ܹȥ׬ǮıǮ
һУһֲӷᣡ
ӷ˼죬û˵ת뿪ˡ
һߣ˲һܾûӴӷᣬ֪Ѿôǿˡ
ˣ򺣵Ҿö˵Ķԡ
عùõʲôԣһôҵҪŪûˣڶ㡣Ժضڼû¶ȹɻ
ضûʲôˣ
عùõҿʲô۳ͷе˼ȥˡ
̸֪ùϵã˿ҲЩżˣùضͼı
ضҲǲ֪ǼֵܽöΪ˽¶ڻֵ֮ǮΪҪ˶ˡ
ضҲɵ͸ˣѽ  ˣǼֵܡʮͳɣǮܵȢϱҲܽˣ۲˵ҪǮܲȥҲǸδ֪ǰ򺣣򺣱ϾԼĶӡ
ǺͬطֲǿϡӷᵹǿԣӵĲܸˣ뻹ס
ǳˮ嶼֪֪׵ˣϺʹ峤ڵҲûɶ¶Ҫˡ󱻿˷ӻòǮ
򺣵շףТһꡣ
ضûЩ˵ͬطû֪֪ȵôɣ
һ仰͸Ӷûˡ
򺣵֪ˣ
ض򺣣ȥɣ¶֮ٲĺô
򺣾ͳȥˣ¶ܿ촫ˡ˵ձһҲ̫аŶ೤ʱҪʼˡ˵ҶͦȤġϾһա
ӷᵽҾͰѾЩ˵ˣ򽴷
ôܡǮҲӣһʲôá½ķʽ֪һ׾ˣ˵Ҳ󣺡Ҿæ춢ǮǮӻأ
˵ͷš
¶Ǯ̲ţ֮ǰض׬ģҶˡڼҶĴʮӣֱӵŰϣѽˣӺ͵ƤеĶˡ
Ҳòп󣬸⡣
ʮһġǮضţֻĵѡ򺣵ȥ⡣
£ض
ǿѹϲãûбǮ
ضŶͱ
ܽʮ𣬵׬Ǯٻ
ض򺣰ҾǼ̸Ǯøܵܳأ㶮¶˵Ǯˡ
ͽһԭأɵˣ


44 
СȻǸĺǿ,  ֮ǰӷῪЦ˵ýд֣Сһﲻ֪Ķһ֦һ,  ѧϰ
ӷһӱž,  СѧЩ顣СҾС
СȻǸʵĺӣĶ֪,  ֻǵ˵ͷ,  㺢ȥˡ˸ȥǱתһ¡˷ⳡʱ꽽ȥ϶Ķ
ӷǸвס,  ,  СϪˮļ˲١ˮ,  ûһС,  صĴ㡣·˿˶۲,  Ҳ׷׺ѵ㡣
޵ӷӺʹ֪һͶࡣǰ˲㣬̶໹,  ͷѵϡӰץ㿾ųԣʱ䳤ˣֳԷ˿,  ɱĨϵΰͣڻһ۲ȡ
ӷһ𣬶Ǹͷ,  Сϡ˰
Ա߰˸㣬ǲӷôֻҪ㣬ûд㡣СҲŹ,  ջ
ӷŴԱ˺ܶݣ
ӷݻ㡣
˵ţ̲ݵģⶫȻûóԣ𶼲Ҫˡ
ӷ˸㡣ӷҲԿִԼǸӸ
Աߵ˿ˣæض磬ϺҪҪ
ӷһĶϺȥһɵøпǸиı£СĴָСϺӣһģ嶼͸ġϺҲСϪˮ֮ŻУͷβȥϺ͹һըŴ𣬱ʲôӶóԡƽԻԲأ
ӷ˵š
ض磬Ҫ˺á
ݣϺʣ´ءȥ峤Ӵ峤һڣԵľǽٸӵһ㡣ʣµʮˮţֳɱ
ӷЩ˼ҡһȥСȻ־ء⡰СӡģģҡͷԵмӣֻС̫أһעˣɶźӷӳһصĴ㣬ʣµĶԺˮˡݷڴһݣݵɳ³С
СȻҪʱЩ£˺ü
ӷЦһ£ӣӾһ
ӷϵóԵġըϺ¶Լ
ðСӸ˵˵š
ӷ͸ոóȥȸӵ㡣
ӵյ֮ҪȾƱӷؾˣϴư۸ĹǺϱٺˣҪٸΥͷˡľܾˣȥӴ峤
Ӵ峤һָϸ۾ֱŹ⣬ö̽ϱʰˣҪˡҪӷһؼҡӷйζҪ
Ӵ峤һ˵ҲʱܳԵôʵƫƫ͡
Ӵ峤ͿúӷᣬڼӷֱϣǰˮгϢĺԴ
˵Ļմ峤ϱĻȶ׶ӻء
˿̵ǸǲʡġǸһؼҵ˳ߣ˵СĲТ˳Ķˡ
ӷǮˣӦûõˡ
Ӵ峤Ҫͣͺˣǰý˵סһˣСҸŮġ˵ѸҲеܴӡ˭벻ýŸϱã˵˼䣬˵¶
ӷЩˣһ벻ŮˡǰСһҲǶС߲Ŷ೤ʱ䣬ϾϿ
ӷһ͵ˣ˭Ҳܲˡ
Ӵ峤ҲúطֻͬԼ˵ԴСϾǮ¶Ĵ̼ܴǮҧһ㲻֡벻֮ǰݳ޵ȫϵ£˵ҪףҲǮ˵ŮӡҪܸӣ⻹н
ͷеö࣬Ů٣ǵȺŮӲ̰ͼͱߵ˸ˣĶֵõ
ӷӴ峤Ǳ߻ݣ㣬ըϺԵһڶáϵʱСȻ˯ţӷ͸ڴˣ§м䣬˵ҹ
Թ޳ܣҲЩ𾪣Ҳ̫ɫˡˣ˸ءǰǺӷ᲻ܳ裬ĶӻУڿû䣬˶ľԼ
ӷæ̬Ҿһ
ĿĻ
ӷİϱš

ʱת۾͹ˣ⼸һֱ´꣬Сһ˵һ컹ܳȥһʣ춼ڷ
Ҫˣ˺ʵһıӣӴѣǱҪԹԵġ񲻷Ķ
СȻ˵ͷ
͵ѧãӷҪȥϹԼȥˡһɡϿܸȥ
յ;òˣǰʮɢеʱĲȫڵʮ˾Ȼȫˡ˿Ҳ״̬ƽĴ̽Ϣ
ӷῴܸ磬ܸҲһͷˮ
ܸЩƾֵһȥˡлˣԴ˳ȥ֮еӷᣬߴաۿҲûʲôϾл̫Сˣʵ᲻Щ۵ĳ˲ͷչʵûж
ӷ֪ʲô¶ô
л۾Ŀһܣ˵ŵ˴۴˵۴Ǵüʡͨǣ˵ᱦɱˡһ˵۴سǣ϶˯ҪѾͷƵƵһԴˡ
л۴˽˸ɾǱصģļˣּȻƸˣץס۴
ллˣصϢܴ̽ҲΪˣںӷŲһͷˮ
ûһͷˡ˶ˣ˴۴˲˫ɱ˷Ż޶ЩӶ㣬ҵ˴۴̫ү˵˽ǮǮҪҲóԹ䡣
Щһ̫үǰ¶ĺûᡣȻӦͷ˷顣һسǣĳֱϲ飬һѲߣ⼰ʱϱһѲջͻܼײ˵ĵط
ӷᱻֳѲ飬ͷ˻ҪˣߵʱһۣӷᣬЩȵô
һ䣬Χͣ˵Ŀⶼ˵ϡ


45 
첶ͷֹӷķּ,  ʱ²ӷ̫ү϶мֹϵȻ̫ү졣
ռ˺ӷҲĵĸп,  򳤳,  ŵԲ
첶ͷһֱ˽Ҫæиְٳ,  ֪ӷᵱۡ
ּ첶ͷԺӷȤ,  ͵͵Աߵ򳤽ˡ
첶ͷ׹Ѳ飬ӷͷһ,  ˶,  ൱Ƹ˺ӷᡣ
һ鴦˺ӷʮǺӷָЩ,  ಻ζ,  ˭ҲҸ첶ͷ顣
첶ͷһ,  ͸ӷΧˣ۲ͷɶϵ
ʱسϳ˺ӷᣬվ첶ͷԹȥֵļҡ⼸˵ͷһ,  Ͼһʱ䣬Щǲסǿͷ,  ǲ
м¶Ŵµˡ㲻ںӷϣҲҪͷӡ
ܸ类سˣӺлӷһ顣
µ,  ǱҪжƽ¶ʱȴ
Щ˸Է,  ѲߵģسǵģѳǵġѾˡ
ӷǳҪʲôܵĵطҶ˵˵ҵ뷨ҪʲôýҲʱ䣡
⻰˵ʮڳʮ΢һЩ
ӷʮ˷飬һ껴ӣַӡǰ֯ƾ֣ƽȾҹУֺ첶ͷǡӷȴ㣬֯ǿǸѵõĲϡƽպȾ꣬˿϶ġ
û뵽Լгһջ̸ӴҲ¡
ӷŴ飬л𣬱֮⣬ˡ
һˣȴһ飬˭֪лĵжСҪǶΣգﲻæ
ַ껵ôţ
ӷȻ۴ǴģضסЩȺĵط׽϶ᱻ緢֡ȥĵطл֣ķؽǱߣֵô󣬰չǱضȥѲջ˳ǵԸҪ䲻⹥䲻
ӷѲֵʱǳ棬ȻˣĸֵȥֹһΡ
ؽ־˽֣ʲôƦå潶ۼֵطЩҪǲǲױֵġ
ӷϾһļ䣬˵Щ۴ǮһؽֵϹŸŮΪ۴ߵʱ̫̫ɱ֮󣬰⺢ӻŰɱˣǽѪӡȥ
ȴǻ̻̲գ֮سǿʼ˳ˣȻ˴¾ֱݡ
ַҲİź׵Ƿͷ£־벻Զöźŵһ
βͬҪץģ򲻿˶ӱó嵶ϺõİС
ӷϡһؽ֡
ӵһҿʼʡ
ӷֻ֪һϹŴӣ֪ڵڼңؽҲмٻ˼ءԽĵطסԽܼ
ӷбӴסΨһĳڣ˭Ҫ壬νʹ̡
лŵɫף˫·ֱӷһЩܸܵݵӷҿû־ͲŴ۴ȻǵӲɡ
¶ģӷҲǿȥȥͷҶ˵˶ģǵҶȫضֻһУ˾پ֧˳ͬǰһ̨ס
лȻСѰ˼Ҳһôùˣ䵥˸ΣգǸɡ
áӷ˵š
һһҵѲ
һǮġййŮһֵģôưܵһζ
ӷǲҪɢˣ˶࣬弸Ƿɢϣ㲻Ҫɥ
ͷѲֵġҲΧͰһ㣬Ҫȥûݵصı»Ĳɡ
۴˿̾ͶũԺһ˻ںȾƣﻹϷŪ̫ү¶ء
ѾȱǮˣϲÿһط󶯾Щ˻ڿ־֮СΪҲĺܣ˼ȫˡ
˭룬۴ö㣬һǸ򣬼廹дУһǸСͱȱѪɱ˶˵ɱɡ
պúϢһ£˭ͷֵûꡣѪĲˣƢ꣬ͷȼ𣬺޲̳ȥͷµĸˡӶĳ顣ɱ񫷸˵ı֡
ҳȥʡȥ͸ͷŮһšСŸŮΪ˶ǮѷǣԼֻ˯ڲ񷿡
СﱻҲޣЩÿĸ硣
ȥ˭ڳ
Сȥˣһʲôˡ
һɫˣæͷĴ˵˴¡
ڶÿһζܰѵؽ͵췭ظģûһζԷܷӦôѸ١
ĸǴ򽻵ľһ˿Щ˵֪طֱǶġ뷨һţǸһЩҷôղܰôٽЩķơһ仰;Щ˵
ӷһһҲúܿ죬Ͳ鵽ңϹųţƽͷ¾Ǽ٣˿Щţүôˣ
лһҪķˣǼ˶Ҫȥһһһǰһ˰ʱһҲûʲôΣգӴΧкӷڣҲˡ
æŮй˵ﻹԶĿˡȻŮǡ
ӷһͣ£ƽı鲻࣬Ҳʲô쳣
Ե
ǵǸ򣬵ҵܵ˲ܼ磬ͷү顣˵껹ֺõĸӷһĵǮ
ӷֵһ£ЩŭǮڵϵǮҪأ˵ƿ˳ƿţȻһƤ͸ɫСˡϸüǳ˸Ưȴζ
ͨһ¹ˣΨΨŵŵүϢŭҵܾܵ÷硣
ʲôܵܣܵܰɡһ˵⻰˹ЦϾһ·ûٿӣΨ
ڴһ£Щ˵зƵã˺ӷ֮мҼ֮⣬ûжʹ
ӷ﷭£߰ɡȥһҡ
뿪֮Ǵŵ˶׷㡣ʵģֻҪ·ζһ겻ɢ۷ȥ׷Ǻ÷һĽ
˿Ǹĸëմˮȥϵɫ⼸ģˣ


46 
ӷ,  ̽һ˺лȥȥѲߣҲæ
ӷһǰţغš˴Ķ,  л𵱳ɫͰ,  ˫ϥһЩڵϡ
ҲѹִҶ,  ʵ̫Сˡӵ,  Ѹٱ˵ٶȣ񱻹Ƶãһˡ
ӷѾγ
˫ɷȻ,  ô,  һ,  ͷܲǻ켣ڽ,  ΣյԤ֪һȻԤС
Ǵƿ,  ȻûˣŲһЩе˶߻۵ġʱ󾪣á
˷Ӧܿ,  ҪšǶѾȺõˣһȻֳֳɷ˵ľϿҲڵɽ𺣹,  Ѹһö衣
ڵȥ֮ѸٷųһϸϸֻҪͻѸһˮ
۷ʹĺС
ǰŵĺӷˣһ,  ⣬Ҫܡҿаšһ֧Ԯ,  һںš
ӷǴͻΧսȥŵһζôסڱǣȥ
ȥ֮ҩЧ̴ûж壬ֻںŵ˴룬ʹڵϷӷ̵ڡϵаĶִ࣬ץģ϶ν
˵껰ӷϴźŵ
Ǵ۴Ϊɱû뵽һ˵Сֱˡӷִ߸˳Ҹղźŵôԣ˶ˡ
ԴΪ䣬ûԹôĿôխ
˫ɷóǵ۶ŸɡҿӷץڣҪ֮ǰס棬硣
˫ɷֲΧڽȻҲûˣԽԽꡣóʹ˵϶иָĶҩǴ˿̱ǸûʱȥͶҩҪǸҷƬ̵ܱ̾Ĵ򷨴ģҲֲ˶೤ʱ䡣
ǸˣֻҪǷңҰѲĵطǡ
ӵջǺЩ΢Ӧһ£ץסʱֱӿǰˣӲɱȥٶȷɿ졣
ӷŭղŰΧͰһİΧҲɱȥôˣץסɾ̫ˡ˼ȼǳ𣬿϶ûӷ۳ǿܳԮ˻ûԼеıֱͶ˹ȥ
һҽУֱֱǴĴˡĴȸˡ
ǸҲͣˣڣӷԱ˵ıһӣֱӴؿڡ
ӷ̳ȥǺ˵Ѫζ˭֪˲ʵѾͷˣﻹըyaoȼȻһ˳ǰ棬ֱӱըˡ
֪Ǳץ϶ûкӹʯҪϵ汳ġȥ۵һըǻЩ裬ȻԤȿٵڡ
ӷǿһɻ̶Դҵ죬סڱǡ˵˼ɢıٶȿ죬ȻѾʱȣһЩ
Ǹˣֻ汳ġ
ԶԶĿԮ˸ϵǺӷȴǽĵˡ
Ѿ˵ĵˣӷǿһЩֵʱãҵСģ
˽ᾪӷ²֪ˡ
ȺӷʱΧİʡ𴲵ʱͷЩΣͿܸ磬ܸЩϲˣ
̽дӷһѡ첶ͷһ˵ҲϽæô
õĴ򿴹֮󣬵ûʲô󰭡󻹿佱Са
첶ͷһҲЩˡ˴ˣ߽ɻһӣǹϵĶҩɣšһ츣ȫصİա̫үð˵Ľʬڳϣɹա˽ƻֲ̣Ҫˣе˶ðѾ˵ˣܴˣȫںӷᣬ˵һԱ
ӷֵôˣ
ըˣжȽ۾˶ӷһ˶ˣûʲô󰭣ҩͯжļ˹кҩ⼸Ҫˡ
첶ͷǵô쳣ҪϢظ̫ү
ӷֻǿ񣬵˶ѪζУϵζŨͺԱܶϣҪһû뵽ķ¶ˡ
첶ͷһζԺӷּҵʱ򣬶ӡͺ̡һεˢĿڶʱ֮¾ץסʱı
첶ͷ֮Ա˴ˣҿ϶Ҫ빦ġ
һ˵Ĺ͡ӷ˵š
첶ͷģǶвȥˡ
ܸԱĽֵܣҪˡſڿʮءܱ̫үסָ첶ͷ̫үǰ¶˸ð̰
ӷֵ֮䲻˵Щ
ܸЩжӷ˼ǣˣԸĸҲһǰӷ೤ʱ䣬οᣬ仰ʲôǿ
ܸͶұ˵̫үİһٶûһ
ӷǴ˫ɷǰ˵Щ˵һ顣˿϶ǰӲˡϴ˺ܶطԲֹһӡ
ܸܰѶʲôطءղ첶ͷѾ˰סǸϹżҾˡӷͲûһطû£ëûСǲŸոܲĶأ
˵䲶ͷֻˣ˵̫үúӷᵱӳӳһأֵ»ܹʮˣ첶ͷԹʮļ٣úϢ֪ûʲô󰭣첶ͷȡĴ
ӷٴεлҩ߻˸ҩԡСԻҳģѪζУҪϱ֪϶Ϊģ·ֱյӴˣӦ
ѾǶӳˣһµѺסҩԡѡַܹظ磬лˡǺ󷵾֪ǻжΣաҿӷӹһ١ӷְλιͬе꣬Ǳȱ׺񼸷֣Ժһͽˣ
ƽտɴŵС˵⻰ɼķˡ
ӷǴҹͬͣԺҪ̴һ¡
ӷһ㶼ûеƾͽӣԽǸֵýύˣ
һȫԱսҪϢ֮⣬˶Ҫҵ۴صĹǰӡ
˿̣򺣴ɽϱһ䶫·ˣ˸кҲ˵ݾ͸С˭Ҳ֪صڸЩʲô
лҪ˵Ǹ£ֻһΪ˲ҷһٸ
ڱԣлá
ռ˫·ݵ֧


47 ִ
ӿɲù,  궼ʮˣˣһֱûԼӻġΪ̸˲鷳
Сϲ,  Ҳһּµĸоǰʲôʱ͹һӵǮȫۼһٶǳա
֪ԼʵɽĽ,  ̬͸ǿˡʵû취Լٹͨӣﲻ,  ̸,  ֱߣ˴峤ݣȥڴǵҲûˡ
ӷˣڶǿԽĲζүǺġɽ˲εʱ,  Ϳ˹ʲô,  ʱԶ,  ҲûҴսȥ
˵ĴŴ϶Ǻö˼,  ҹȥڿˡ׻һ,  мƱ;ʯƱֵܼǧСسûжƱĵطʡ϶УǼʯ,  һǺöȻ࣬ȴơ
ȻƱ޷һһҲǳ,  ϾضѼҵ׶˲ʮӣ¿ɷˡ
򺣴˿ҲЩ΢ĿУ˶Ʋôаš
򺣰ƱͰ˴׵ķ϶
һһԪžϡûס,  ԪڡûӴ粽Сӱʲôá
ⱲҲûôǮʱͷš
򺣰ԪûһŴ󱻰Ԫٵȥš,  ûסݺݵİס
ЩܹżǳӸֹ߳һˡƶް°ΪǮ¶Ҳ˱ŤǸ߰ˣͷ
һǸɲһһĸֻˡӣǺиģ̣
򺣰ϣĿܱ궯˰ŰϺҵķйһͨ
ƽҲعأδģƾܲãĳر¶
򺣰Ѽ򵥵һ˴ǰƿӣ׻ӻεۡ
⡭⡭ǰĶز
ϵЦݶ˵˵ǣиܣұҪǷһ壬ֻ˵
˵ô֣£˵ͷ
򺣰Լ󻧹˽¶˵ˣһ£˵˱ѹե󰮶ãΪòίũҳĺض
򺣵ǮǹҸҵĲضӷϾϵʱҲʮô͵Ǯ˵ǸϹϵǮ
һ䣬Ȼ˼
򺣵ԺҴӡ˵껹󷽵ĸʮЩӣؼ֮˲ʮø͵۾ТˡǧƱҸȥʡǶˡʮء
˵жһû뵽ԼܵЩаֻ֪Ҫ£һжֵˡ
򺣵ҲȥһӷеģǱ밲š
̴۵ĸȥǰ˵򺣵ĺû
򺣾ȥˣһƥ׵Сʮӡ۶ֱӾ͸ʮӡ
еˣһ׬ʮӣЦɵñأ˭ӹӵʱɫȴЩ΢䣬ҪȥǼǣ
򺣲ͦصĸȥá˭֪հšе˵Ҫȥۣſڵһ˲һӴʮΧסһֱûоﲻԣ
Ϊ첶ͷӷּҵʱ򺣼һ棬˵ʱ򺣻𼸷Ц⡣
첶ͷӵԪģ
Ȼ
첶ͷ¡ɵˣ֮ǰΪɱӣץһΣǵطкӰٴαץߺ޵Ҫƾʲôץˡû˵ڶ䣬ǲ֪ĶҵĨ
ȥ飬˵˽ع
ɵˡǴſʶױȲﾭӴ򽻵ˣ֪Ȼйһ˵
ͳʮӣײйͳһ֡
ǴĶġ첶ͷҪǺ۴һġ
򺣵Ҽġ֪ǲӲ
첶ͷ㻹ʲô
ʮӡ󻹰Լֱηֵ˵һ顣
첶ͷһô˵֪û˵ʵôܼʮȫϣ̫үȱһȻû˵ʵ˵Ҳ
̫үİ참ѹ첶ͷûĺʱ䡣ֱӷԸëӽֵطˣͷ̡һ䣬Ƥպˮݺݵĳ򺣵ϡӹƤ
̷ⶼһһĺĥġӲͷҲ˿죬򺣵ĹͷûӲ˿̵˵
ʹĵط˻ĽҵһƤƵãⱲûܹʹ򺣵ʵһһӡ򲻿˵ġ
첶ͷĶ
˵ˡ
첶ͷȥҪ˳Ѳرĵطָϳ
۸ɰ󣬾Ϳſſĵ˵ϡ
첶ͷ˷ţˣһˡ
ĵľ⸱ӻȥĻڴˡ
һ·˴
ǺƺƵ˳ˮ壬дһʱȥ˴峤Ӵ峤Ϲȥʱȴ첶ͷֱӴ˳ļҡ
ֱӲ鳭ʮ
ĵˣŵֵǮûأôͱ˸鳭ˡ
Ա߼УѪܵģӷǳ⡣
ô¶š
첶ͷʣʲô֪æȥɽָϵص㡣˳㿴Ǳ߻ûʲô֮
򺣱Ķ˵ֻܸԡĵ䣬һֱЩ˺ƺƵ뿪
еĴѯʣ۵͸ˡһӾʹˡ
ڵ˹
кܶĽϵڱĺ¶ôֲء
ɩӵû򺣶ץˡ֤ʲô̰ͼСˡ
ڴˣܶһӶûԱߵʲôͳˡʱǺû˲ͳˡ
һһһ
ҲаǺ֮˿ض¶ֻ˼򺣻ˣǮһǰǰ׶˼Һá
ض֪Էˣһǣ׻ҸʮӵĲءҴС󣬱ȶ׶ӻãҾҲ֪ҡҡβ͡׺䣡һԼװǷҲͰˡ
ҲġȥԺ飬أԽԽƿڴ֮ǰЩĳĶͷ硣
¶ǻǼܲˣסɣûҲӹһ١
һͷȣ⻰һ侲
ضȴǸʶôˣͷͣ
򺣱ץˣܶ˾ӷ¶
ӷջ˴Щ𾪣ӣѡ֮ӣЩӶʮۣ﷭˸׳ҲûҵĶҵˡ
ӷ̸Ӵ峤˵¶
Ӵ峤һ˫ɷ˲бҲЩ־塣
ӷὫɱ붾ݵˣͬ˵ǵʬѳ߽ҵĶҩҪµˮҪһ룬̫үִ˺֮ǡƫʱȥ߶⻰ô
Ӵ峤û¶ɡһģܲÿȥɣæѯ
ӷ˵󲻴˵ССȫôˡ˰ֻҪͬ͹˻ˡС˰죬ϼӾͳˡ
Ӵ峤пԭһ˵гģ˭¾͇Nɪǲ侲㿴ˣײǹˣҪǳһЩӻҲڱôԴ
ǲ٣ҪûкӷᣬҪ֪ĻϢǻϼȦӣ˺ð¶
Ӵ峤ȥȷˡֻƽôһ˵˭ϺӷȴüͷȥʲôҪŪ󡣡
Ӵ峤ӷһûûôذɡ
ӷأ
Ӵ峤֮ǰˣ˵ȥʱӦÿ쵽ˡ
ͷͬʱһֲĸоˣ¶ˡ
ûſڻΪԩء
үѾĥǸӣᱻĥҪˣӿô졣
̫ү̿á
첶ͷ̰ϱ¶̫ү˵ǱԩġӱǹҸģ򺣶һ˵˵̫ү
Ͱ̫ү˵ˣ̽йϲԪʻ
ϲԪòټϽʳ˳ģαžȻͷ˽ֳˣݺ˵Ĺ
ϲԪ򺣴δϵô
˵ֻǸᡣ
̫үȻǲ׷ŹϲԪˡսְλʱ˾ͲϡйϲԪЩǮССһ̻ҲŸɡЩ̫үո˺ܶԼ֣ǸҪء
û֣ϵš
̫үһѺ󣡡
ϲԪץɸ˸ˡǹҵĵȨˡץһ¶ϲԪа˸ӣΪ򺣵¶ѹϲԪץ˽ûһǳ
̫үôء
ҲȰ̳Ķ˴ģҪǸطϵ
󲻵òһǮŰ˴Ӽ˳죬ɲɵǺ֣̫үķ˺ݣҲûйˣ
Ǹҧ򺣣ҵ˶һЩ̯˾ǹҳǮ̳ģ˭뾹һǣֱۣͨúõġչˡһ򺣣Ϣûˡ
򺣱̣չˣѰ
¶ֻ֪˵󣬾Ͱ˹Ѻˣߣûʲô޿ġʧǵĻ˴춼Ѿˡ

Դ˵֮ɷ˵Ҫڴţ׼ɻ
ӷͦһСĶɵסǰ¡Ͽߣһ뿴Ķˡʱ䳤ˣӷһף˭֪һ׷ͷ
֪ĺУҲͲ֮ǰôˡ
ڶһ磬ӷᰴչ˴ûдϱѰ˼ȶɵͿԼʰһ£ֱӳ̯ˡ
˭֪ӷһȥ͸оͷһӰ˸˭
ϤϤ󣬽΢Ĺſͷ
ӷղźǳһѷеˡһѾͳҲЩԣɩô⣿
϶Ű֪ҹɫдˡ˿̿ˣҲ˲յĸңͨһ¹ڵϡһһڵϣ㣬Ⱦ򺣰ɣ
æѹڵϵ˸
ӷȥسǵ¶ԭԭ˵һ顣
ֻóҭҭ˵򺣵
ӷлȻ򺣵ĳ뵹ǲ٣ϧ˹ҡǵͷߣ̫үʱ򹨼һ˲鷳ء
ӷҪȥ̯һȥҿԸ￴һۣôɡ
ʮָмӷĲǰӡ
ȵʱһ·ȥسǣسǲŷ֣ӷѸɾ࣬ȴģ˼Ա
ӷлͷͣϾҪûء
ûһˣɩҪҪһش塣
Щ΢죬أҪ졣Ѿ鷳ˡղ񻹸һŴһǵ±ζݸ˼ȫϣѾûԣԼûоƵãһֱʳ֪̻ʵĳꡣ
ӷȥη
ӷݼ٣˿ظ硣
Ҳóʵģӷ磬ˡ֪˴̫ү첶ͷǰ˺ţνǰ;ɾ
ں棬û뵽ﻹǵ͹˺ӷŸɶ೤ʱ䣬ô𾴡ٿźӷıӰǰͬˡ
ӷ˴ȥûȥ
Ҳ֪򺣸˵ʲô˰ʱˣȥķǹҡźʲôϡ롣
ͱҸ̳ˣ˵ָүݡǻصȥסŵ⡣
¶ڴֵĻͦҪߣضɣҪեö˶˵һô꣬ƾɶʨӴ󿪿һĵֻҪºض˶ĺó·󹨼ҸʮֲѺش󱦺ضСˣ˹գ򺣼
ҰŪȥڣǾŵĲ´ЬģһʲôѱñԼˣѱţԺƷ
˶ʺӷᣬǲǸ׵ĺȥˣӷһ˵֪


48 
һЩпӷԺǺӶǮòˡ
ҲĴ˼,  Ǽҽɨһɨɨ
ʳǵͬʱȱɣ,  ҲԼѡġ
ӷһ
ع,  ֵסα͵ϮڷӦɿ,  ׼֡
ӷһЦ,  Ķ䶼ˣۿźӷᡣ
ӷϱ§ڻ
ȥۼ,  ˡǻؽǵķ,  ԶԶĿȥʮɡҲܿ,  ໨ܿ˵ӵ¶,  ۾,  Ƕ
ӷжǮˮͽͷвٻͷ͡һ׬߰ӡӷᵱҲһЩֲ̣ʲôˣ󲿷ֶ
ӷôһ,  ˵Ҳ֪ÿӾȥﻻӣڼСû̵㡣
ռȱ,  һŪ±׬ǮҲ⼸죬ǰЩ꣬˼죬ټ֮ǰܵаʮӡ
ӷҲǺ˸,  ƱſԽǮۣһܴƱŽ,  ϢܵͣԼûУԴһƤûûǮ
ӷȰ˰ɡÿ̯һЩҪиӣһЩǮǴĽˡ
һֱ֪ӷӡǮҲãǳɡ
ӷ궫һȥɫˡ˵ɾͲˡ
ҲǽЩϢɡϨ˵ƣںӷߡ
ӷ;ϴһζѬˣζӰӰ̻УΪܶһ£ľ䣬ȻζŨһЩ
ڰУľִ٣һࡣôһС飬õһӡֻĨ˱һ㣬Դ¶Ȱ֮µţºӷϲζ
ӷᱻζյĲУҧĲ
ǿеĵطﾭסòƺһ
񻹼ǵдҪ죬ɵǺ֣Աѣ첻Ҫô𵢸ˡ
ӷȴ

ڶһ磬⴩һĹӣѲϵӡӶס
˺ӷһۣӷŶ̧ءƺо۹⣬̹ȥףôˣ
ǰȻȻڼҵʱ򻹺һЩԽԽˡƵ˺ҹҪ˵˺Щ˵ĻϢء
ӷڵʱ򲻷㣡
ЩȣɲЩ绰ˡ
˳ûͷֳںӷԱߣǰЩӸ꣬ʱŵľȻɢζ
ǸչȥͿǰЩʳΧڸǰˡĻһľֻܿʣʲôˡ
ˣӷͻʲôļķǸСԺ
ȥϵвӡ󲿷ֶӪҵءֻţӣǰһСƹݺˡ롣
Χļ۸඼ڶʮҡ
ӷȥţһˣ̬Щã˭
ӷݼ٣Ҳû۵ѣֻ뿴ӡ
Ӵ˸Ƿԣֻ⣬ٰʮۡ
ӷҲֻῨ۵ģ֪ʹЩǮƵá
ţӷȥ˿ͷĳ迴ЩϾɡ¥Ͽסˡ¥¿԰ʮңиһСԺӡȻԺӲ󣬵ԺһˮǺϲоĻȡˮ͸ˡ±ζ֮ģôϴ
ԺҪɫˣҲԲȥˡڵס
ӷԷܱ˵ô
䣬Էе㷢ˣô¶˵˲ۣ۵ġ
ʱ򣬴ͷһҲǰ̯ģ죬һѸͷȻĺѡ
˻֣Լͽȥˡ·õ˸ͷ֮Ҳûżߣվǿ֡
ӷһ㶣û뵽ƢôӲÿ˶ԼĸԣʵϲӣУٰʮˡʲôʱȥſڰ
˵ðٰʮǿշӡΰʣ̨ҪǶĻøӣǿھǻǮġһھûʮ²ҪҪĻҲҪʮߡ
ӷᶼ챻ʨӴſ˵ЦˣΰʼҲֵӣˣ򾮵ǮҪ֮⣬ȥĶҲûӱͱȱӹҲû㽲ۣΰ㶼ߣǿھܸܲǮ
һɵǲɣӺãΧҲ򲻵ʮӱһֲٵĸҡ
ûôˣΰܰߣѵܰôֻٰʮء
ǾҾˣҲܱǡӣǾ
һ˲ҲеŭˣҲˡ
һ㲻⣬ǲе򣡡
㡣Щˡ
ӷ˰ɡ˵ϱˡ
߳ȥͿܸߵĽСĵһѲء
ǿӷᣬæкĻָ
죬һʶЩţ˭
Ǹˣ㲻֪Ҹôᣬۡ
ЩţӲôˣҲ˵û۵˭֪˭˵⻰ʱŲͷ˼ҹ˽𡣲֮ǰôˡ
ɸܸ磬ˣôҳأ
ӷɱˡͰ¶˵ôۣԺõľҪշѣдԩͷô
ɵظ磬һʶҲһˡҪôƢôȥ˾ƹݣ˼׬Ǯ֮Ǽ۰ԭľƹݸˡԼ«ĿһⲻãûûˡҶķӣָĳˣҪ˵Ӿá
ܸСиӲ˵ô
һǸеСظƿϡ
ӷȥȥһѾأһСӻ̡طÿһ䶼ˡĵС̿Ҳĵģûж㣬һڵ˸ס档
ɵǷӳǮȻҲӡȻСɵͬţҲҪʮӣߣôһءӶֵ


49 ɽ
һҲ,  ۸λҲãɡС,  ͲýǮˡ
ɵԼ,  ⰡͦõġӻͲǱˣһڳġݵɵ˵,  ÿνⶼܻ
ӷü⡣
һȥд˹,  Ӿʽˡ
˿ﶼžȣĵӷҪúӷı⡣
ӷһ㡣
һ졣
ܿӣӻ̵ĵ֪ӻ֮,  ̸ӷǩꡣ˰ӳӻ̿Ȼ,  ѹ˲Ǯ,  Ϲ˿Ҳ˳,  һҪ˵ҵĻͺ鷳
ǰѺԼǩ˷ġ
ȥһ,  ˸ӡѵϸĵڻС
ô¶ӷкؼҡ
ɺܸԼãȥʱ˺Ⱦŷ֡ԴӾ˴,  ںӷеĺˣ֪δǰ;á
ӷȥʱ,  ͿղǸվſأǵʱ϶Цݵү,  ղС۲ʶ̩ɽҪǿӣٰʮȥҲ,  붼ûȥҪǴ˺ӷǣֲ֪Ҫȶòܱȥ
ӷ㻹ŰɡھңҶҪˣļ۸ͱȽϹ󡣱ˣۡ˵ĻҲﲻ
ղǧãŷҲûôáǮĻ򲻵ӣαػǮ˳ġ
쿴źӷᣬӷһתӶûУˡ˵Ҳ֣ûʱżһ᲻ˣĵ˼ң
񿴼ˬҪˣ쳦Ӷˡ֪һʱ֮ˡ
ӣӷϳؼңһ·ϣ񻹺Ÿ衣Ҳû뵽һʱ䣬ʹӺؼҵˮˣﻹзǰÿӣźӷῡΰıӰ֪ʲôֳˡһֱŵˣķӡ
ӷŲưһɡ˵ͣƿںӷıϣڸϳλ̹
ʲô
ӷɽҰ˴ӡ󽴴ǣżҲ뻻嵭ġ
ɡ
ӷһɽɰɡ
һοʱɽҰĺܣû뵽ȴȻȻôɵĺӡ
˻˼ңȰѶж໨ιˣԴӻ˲֮ڣ໨ϲԡǲ˶صģҪǼӵĲҪſڵϲҲСƵá
ҪɽϻһѣҪϴġ·ûôߵӣ·͸¶һҲôɩˡ
̧ӣӡӵһû
ӷˣ˿
ŲĹأǼѾһˡʣ¶ͦµģҪɽ˿϶ֻۡõǴС·ȥӷһĸ
ˣһ·ûˡ
ɽص԰Ƶã˼֡
һ·ϣɽĢȭͷժ˼
һ·Ģ·ȻûȳҰҰ˾ܳһˡĢСɡһԣۻۻıȼ⻹óء
˾ͰĢһǱҰ˸ߺܶࡣ
񲻹ĢʲҲժһЩǸȻȻӵġǼҵʳǵģֵĲСӵ˶˵Ӵ󣬿˿϶óԡҲôģҶôϲֻˡ
ӷ󣬷ɽ֮˸˶ˡ
ϸԴӸףҲûôڵɽˣ
ӷԺǳ
һռ˺ܶɽСҰӡСҰʲôɫĶУɽҰһһƬɽҰС
´ȻȻһ·Աߡ
ӷһЩ۴òá
żǰߡӷժ˼Сĺӣڱ໨һסӷָһ㡣һɫĻһɫĻҲ֪ôƵģһ֧Сݸ
յ֮ҲܾϲһֱšϡҶ֪㻹
ӷЦһĻأԺĸ㡣
һһӵҰɽҰ˵ĸմҪѸһҶһҶϴϴˣӷ档˲ҪԸҲĬ
ӷİӣ֮Ȼѷ
Ȼȥڴʮĵ⣬һڸҰ˳Щɬڵģ֮ζŻá
ӷȥ˵⡣ȺӷʱѾʼҰˣӷǶ⡣ǸǹУҪǿƲõĻͻĵĵǡ
ӷԱ߶ڣҰ֮ɱһ£߬ˮһߴҰˡҪܳһٶӡ¹֮ˬ࣬Էţ
ӷѶõڷ档
Ľһ£˸ָĵϣҲѷˡһͿߦӡ
ӷʲôᣬӵļɲզԶԶûĺÿ
ӷİӣҪҵİӡһҲͰˡһʮ񶼲ˡ˺ӷһû˼˵ֿ˺ӷһۡ
һֱϰˣӷȥ
ˮ֮ûһཱུİӾͶˡƿӵʱ򣬸ӶֺģòˡӷÿӼһҧһڣƤڶġ
Ұ˽һζǳѰ˵ĻҪʵóԡԾѾܲˡֵ˸׺ӵĵպһ£˱ǵ㣬һ˲Ĵ̼жˣһھͣ
Եǻһ㣬ءճĿˡ
ӷѧŹķӣѴ׹ҲˬһδأҲԲ塣
ϲӷԷÿοԶʳʲôģˣҾ͸
ӷһôãﶼЦ⡣񲻹ǹȻȻҲһûбֿܾʼЩٶ˵ġ
䲻֪ʲôͬô꣬׼û¶ֲһ䣬ҪҸ߲ˣ
ӷỹҪ˵ʲôͻȻнŲ֮󣬶ԽŲУվȻɩš
ϺӷǳԷ߳ԷɩӵˣǸһӷˣסԶɩӴӴڵ֪Ϣ͸Ͻ֪ͨˡ


50 ܵ
ӷæ,  һšЩӷ͵͵ӣӿס
һɿ֡ĽŻ˲١
ǵ˴ͷ,  Ϳ˴Щõķϡ,  ͷסͷˣϡ
Χ˶Χŷ,  ûôЩн
ӷʱ,  ϵ۾ỨҵĶĸӷֱʱ򣬺ӷỹСأϺܶû,  ֻҪĺҪп֡񿴼ĺ,  ֹסƵá
ӷеĻҪӢࡣ
ӷȥһ,  ǻؼȥ
,  ǿ㡣
һŴҲ֪Щͷ,  û˵ۿҲʪˣǷּ,  Ӽҡ
ӷ̵ԡʹŷϻ˼ҡ
ϸӷһߣض͹ˡ֪ضײɷýһ١ضԽԽͿЩ¶ûһƵϵ,  ֮ǰˡ˶ʲô
ҿҶӵôˡضƢԽԽˡѰ¶ʱ򣬴˵±Ǻ
Ҳ˿Ĳò鸴ȼɣ
¶
ԴӺӷᵱ֮ͳȫгϢ,  ӷӹԽãضԽܣⲻٴ֤Ϲôҽ,  һҲˣҲûˡʣĶӡ
طɽܵѾöˣ΢ɵ±ȲһͶҪӷںãȻӷġ
õķ֮峤Ҫͽض֪ôءŷϻˣһϧ֪ϢѾˣѾӷȥˡ
ضؼˣֻҪûͲż

ӷ˸ؼңæȥһӷǰѡǾѣϴĸɸɾúӷȥˮ÷ϴһϴ
ϾǸҲ㣬ȥ˸ǹϵõɩӡ
ϿӾƵã񿴼Ȼסש߷
ԺﻹһƥͷӼң
ɩӵЩô
ϵûУ뿪֮󣬾ȥظ˼ΪǩǻЩѾͷ۸ˣͱ˳ȥ·ϻһ롣
ҿӷɢţǮܻ
ɩӼɶ㣿ϾˣҲٳȥڡ
ϵȥ˼ϴ·ҲֿڷԡԶкǸΡܲϣ
ɩӵ͸סһ£ⷿ䲻ǵġǸǵķӱء
ͷһֱûϴ裬ϴˮǺڵģͷɿݶˡӺúõĴ˴꣬ĶƵá
ģ׼Ͱϴ顣·׼ˣǺӷľѣСʺϷϴ
ɩæѹ۲쵽Щ¶˵˷иĶϱּ֮ġ
ϵղſһۣǸƯĸôվһгģôҪ˵ܵɩһ߶ʮ꣬¶֪ˡ׽жİĸоԶӵİˣʱ˰ɽõġ
ɩӵˣûĺӿ˵˺ӷǰα׵۸ġĲ˵׵ʱ򣬺׼һ˫СЬصϰЬз׼ģҪϽܺСط
ҪȥᱻȫЦģԴϱһͷĶСӷ֪֮æҳԼЬϱʱֲţ۶Ů˻ǸһŹأŪĲþһʬ
ǺӷԸȻȻġ
ķ۾Ĩ᣺ҶԲס
ɩӵúӷ˼ңӲŽлʱҲ˵ڴǴϺӷỹǱȴܶүǿ
ҲƫĵˣТҲ߲ˣϱһӸֵ̤ʯ
ӷɴģ˴ЩСϱбˣϧ˶
ϴ裬ɾͷݵĶûˣ治֪ôġ
Ůˣɩ˷ϣŮ˲ƽɹ׵ˣͷҲûеˣûˣܲȥֵסֵҲһأûɶõȥ
ˮ֣˶ӵľѣȺ·Щ
ɩӾ·мңһȥѼûֱӸһġ
ܴˡ˵š
ɩǸˣ˵껰ͳȥˡӷͷۼ˲ˣǹֵġ
ϳԼĶӣЩİн
ӷѾˡһӣأͻˣʱ
˵껰ӷ˸ӱŵڵ£˹¸Ͽ˸ͷ
Ͽ˶ӸһứĵԽԵþִˣɶҲû׼ǷŰ
֮ͳϲᣬֲ֪ôӽ͵ݸ˺ӷᡣ
ӷԸ˲ᡣ
ϸɩ˵ĻҲˣЩҲס
һɩӻˡֱӾҪѡ
ϻЩ᲻ãҪǰѸСˣԺӷûˡ
ҲСȴɡָɩ˵ɩӸѣĲʱǮǮһ
ϴģް
Ǯãҿ·ܴ
ɩӵʹӦ˰ɣǺǵТġ
һôȰҲֻΪѵĴӦˣЩ۵ġ
ѣϴźˣϴ軻ѣѻǶǰģ֪ⰲġ
ѼİԡȻֻѰҰڵġζ㣬ͷ⣬㡣
һ
Ӵ峤ˣҪڶӵ¡
ϿŶӣֿ˿ҿȥ
Ӵ峤Ͻ㣬ڶ°ɣôϢĶӣζβ㻹ͷϣ
С¸鷳
ӷͷס߰ɡ
϶Ժӷ̬ȹСˣ˲Ų֨ˡ
Ӵ峤ŷϡ¶ڴҾͳɡ
ܳš
ͷĴŷϣҲЩȣ˵˿װȻ٣ջʱͷģϴ˸裬˸ɾѣžࡣ
ѾһɨˡȥǴıϣŻһˣЩϢɡ
ϵȷˣڴϣû˯ôĴˣƶƵã۾˯ˡ
һĶûüʰҹںӷļԱߣЩ˯ţӷȥ̯Ƶãְ˸§ôˣ
ҹø첲֧ߵӵҲ֪ϲϲң
ϲӷƶ˵š
Ŀȥ˵ˣ
ӷ˵ǵûУϲ϶Ҳϲ
ĵ˵һ֣ˡ
ӷ§ڻؿڣҸɩɩ˵ˣҪ̯ơʡﲻڡ
ӷˡӵĶûôܵ
˵һ죬֪ҡ
ӷһĽŸŻ˲١
ڶһ磬˵Сࡣ̯˶緹ġ
û뵽ıǻ磬ϵԺѾʰһˡŸɾԺӣҲ֪˯û˯
ʲôʱģ˵š
ϵʱ䣬ǳ̯Ҹһȥɣæﲻϣٻ̧ܰһ̧
ӷ緹ȥԵɡ
һ·Ϸ¶޵ûôԹ񿴼ʣİӣС࣬С̲ǰֶġ
ȻǵԼӼң԰׷ɻܣ޲öһ㡣ס̤ʵ
ϵҸȥɣұ֤鷳ǶԼӣȴĪֺá
һۺӷᣬǶˡǸ˿ˣвסŲܡ
ӷǳɣһȥɡ
ӷɿڣŸˡзڣҲմһ緹˳ǰǸӷᲢͷϳзڣ˼ѷڳڣҪúӷݳһСĿռҲڡ
ϳúӷȥ
ӷˬĴӦˣ໨ֿܵȣǰѳߵС򿪣ܹʱй÷磬Ҳ
ӷЩ𣿡һʵ⡣ÿαŭΪԼɵĲáеʱҲҪڵĻһǲǾͲһˡ
ϵô룿ϵһⰡۣڹʱлūģһˡҲūŵĺӣһֱҧû롣
˻ǲ죬ٶĻ˵ˡĸӣ²˵ҲоΡ
໨ܵķɿ죬ûһ͵سǡΪڼ緹αƽһ㣬ܶʳͶߵš
±ζ񫣬һ첻ԾͲǵզ
ӷһ߰ᶫһ߸˽͵Щˡ
ЩʳͣǼҺϤϣλǣ
ûڣӷ͵ϸжĹǺ
ҿɾͿʼˡ
ӷæҲŰæһ˴֣˲١Ǿæʱû׼̫࣬
ǰһֱڴլͷ¶ĽӴˣεȽе˷ܡҴҶˣᵽǰδеˬ
ϵȻȥʱ򣬻Щû񫡣ͦõġǣС̯ǰҲвˡ
ӷţǰǻӱ̫ۣʵǸɲͷˡ
ǻȥʱҪ·̯ϰ嶼ϰÿ׼öǸֱӰѶӹͳɡЩǶʰһˡȥϴͿˡ
̵˿񿴵үƵãǰͷˮð͵ġδ꣬ͷ۵ĶӸˣǮС׬һ㡣ǲÿζҪһӻ߶ʲôġ
һ·˼ңɩӶſڵءһ˵ضˡ
ӷɫ΢΢Щˣʱûһ飬ˣʡĵĶӣԽȥźءˡҪߣҿ϶Աů
һ֪ǸТ˳ӣܸˡҲû˵ģ˵Ҳ̸ۺض飬±Ц
ǼɩһҲǿʼϴЩˮ֮ġ
ӷûʲôɫȥˣȥضġ
ӷȥ˺ؼլһȥŵﴫһ˵ζСˣһ뿪һ徻ˡ
սȥͿطԺʰҰˣǰϸֻŸֶͳˣǸ²ܵ˦ƹģչ˼˺طϡ
ӷһȥͿط磬ôˣ
ӷ˰֣ԣء
طһ֪ض¶ˡŷָָ
ӷֱ˵İѷ򿪣ȻضšͲҲһԣԸɻıָֻŵġ
ӷԺȥ
ǺضÿһζϺӷᶼԿЩ̡飬ܵػܹܵҲˣЦ
ӷһ֪ضڴ⣬ŭңҲҺõġα쵰ӷ˵˵ŻˣҸ㣬ͶˡҪңҿɾûô˵ˣ
˵ˤȥ
ض֮Ÿŵô˵͸׺䡣
ִһҶطŶˣ˿ֱ̼쳹ͿղݵĺͬҲճˡϴһ˿ط㲻õô
ط˵е磬ܾϵЦݺа
ͬбµ˶ˣʣǸ˵ߵЩˣǲǴûǵˣЩԹޡӷҲͰˣҲи֦תˡܹˡȴǡ
طһչġ
ͬһԼ֪ôءתֹš

ӷصУ߶ѾʼɻˡӦĻͦõġûҲɩǻˡΨ񿴳鲻ãݡ
ӷüͷıסӺӷʱ͸оˣмֵģӷһ֮ҲиģضȻĵߡ
ӷûĺᣬָƽüͷ
ӷ֣һǣ˫§źӷĺ󱳣Ͷںһֱ׵ӷŷ
˺ţͦõġ
ӷῴӿŭⱻ漣İˣεı


51 
СϾôڼסˡĸ˷ֱ˶ʮ,  һֵֹĿ
СϣûȱҲҰˣֻҪûڼ,  ϶ɽ֦ȥˡ
ôܸɡҲЩ,  Ѽʰĸɾ½š
û,  ӽˣ¼ʲôû,  ҪðһЩ
ӷһӣʲôʲôȴȫǼõ,  ,  򵽵Ķȱ˱ˡ
ܷ,  Ҫȱʲôʲô,  ÷ȥ
ҲԸĻ,  Ž־ͰѶÿһ,  𽥵·Ҳģˣ໨ǸǵҲɡͷĲݣϲͷ档
Ѿˣɷʰ,  ԭס·ӣǷǳģÿ˶жķ䡣
˸ĵطɻҲӷ㡣
ϿӷỹɽŪ𣿡
ӷҶӻ,  һθ˵ҪڷǰݺֻɽϵáиҶӪɱȳ걻ȵĸǿ
һ,  СȻȻϲʲôͷһμҲûʲô׼ϴκӷһӣʣٶأǳ̯ʱͶһ㡣
ӷžϲҰСʲôġ˵Ǿʹһ˿ᣬӱ̫ˡ
֪ԺֻӾСȻȻġ
ǰЩӺӷỹӵС¶˸ӡ
ĸֻ񶼻ˣ޶ëѾ˲ëˡ
ϳȥ֮󣬹һͷʮֻСʮֻСѼӡЩͻһġϸɩǻһ𣬴帽ɶʵĶ֪רѼġ
˶СвŪ˵Ա߷һˮСȿֺĳˣ
ŵĺԺˣЩҲȥڵֵˡ
ӷһαصȣھȥ
ӶǷһЩͷ֮ĸ˻ģЩͷǵڵʱõģģǻ㶫һֱûЩ̫ˡòϡϴΰʰʱַϲʱҪЩϣҲӡ
ϵЩͷȴƵţⶫдô
˴󲿷ּﶼԺӣõӵϰߡⲼͷӲͨ˲ٺӣ˶ʮ˵Ҫ󼦵ԡ
ϻЩӣ𽥵ҵ˽࣬ɩǵڴ̹ǰЩǮ˼絽ϸûеʱ˻࣬ҪȹĶǣ˻ʹһЩżҵ˽ߡ
ϻϲڼֵصӣֻҪڿͶļ泩
ֻҪСܽԺõӸˡ
ӷǰõӣСˣøСãԺܣ⵽Ͼ͸ؽСһȺë޵СһҲ䡣
СѼӸƤʵһ㡣˼Ѽ֮Ժﴦǵ޶ͻܺá
ӷһһ±ζһͷϴιӵϼʱͷ֮ÿθϼҪٽسǸϼӲһֵǷ壬еǷˡһи߰˴Σһʽ
ӷϴ˶ǮҪǸһӰɡӹģ֪ûǮǱζϵϾͼģǺӷϴθġСҪӣ˼ֹܶҪǮǮĵطҲ١
ӷɣҸ˵һ¡
ӷȥҷϣһᣬܾãĶҪǮ׬ǮҲף
ӷԼӿʲô
ϿźӷᣬǿУҽûˣٹҪҿмұĻͦõģҪҲȥһС⡣̯æиСҲõġ
ҼҶᣬöܶ฾˺ͺµʱŽƵģϾŴɽ֦ľҪǮʱ䳤ˣҼһ˲١Ϲ۲ˣⶫڴﲻֵǮﻹõġ
ͱҼһʲôģڿҲʡá
ӷɡ
ڶһ磬Ϳϰʮ𣬶һǮģԿ
ӷᵱ̯ʱطĴʮԷ̯λϡߺǮһĲ㾫£һ֮ȥˡ
׬ǮһЩũ˱Ŀʵã໹˫šĶڿУʡ
˵ҲһúþáʱҪҲһһɶʱˡ
СͷһôãȻʮǮʲôҲûѹ򡣾ͺǮǰ׼һ
ôԱƨ
ϵȥŪ㣬ȥձǻһҪҪأҲû˵ںˣⶫ´Ƕһ㡣
ӷⶫıˣҿҪǮءͷϳ
Сϵ׬ͳɣҲסǵǮб;ء׬Ѿˡ
СгкȵģС⣬ǰûӡ
ϵǲҪȥȻȻȻû棬СϺڴղŻ͵͵ȥ˸ڵ̯һĵƽۡȻǹĶҲһƬġ
šӷ˵š
໨ƺҲ֪ȥСˣ·˽Ǳߡ
ûйⶺӣľˣԶԶľͿСȻǱأʱԭرıߵͬѧǽܵҵ
һСĽĿСӷȻ
ܴ
ӷãһ־ͰСӱڻ
ΧһСѽĽˣǴûǵĵ
ӷᱧתͷַӵҽȥˡ
ַӵ˵ͷ
СȻԹԵĸ˺ãӷŹӻûߣҪҪһȥ
ӵҸȥɣ
ӷѹҲ˳ϣЦŶַӵһģҰҲȥ
ַӴӦˡ
СȻ˳Ļص˳ϣֱĻСȴֳﻹһİˣЩ˼ĳЦ
̡̣
ͿСȻ৵һ۾ˡ̡
ϸһ֣СȻܹȥĸ첲С˲䷽ϵǺϲ
ӷһһ㲻̲סЦǸСǾ
ȹһСȻʹ󷽷ĸܣ̡̣дżԺ
һҲ̶̡Ҳáӵ׸ġһգÿο̵ʱܵıȺӻ졣
СȻѹˣҪҸ㵱̡
ͯ޼ɣһ仰ûסЦˡ
ӱСȻ꣬ŭˣɡŲأ


52 ־
صøϹӵҪȥӺ,  Ϳһˡӵлʡȥһˡ
СܾòˡصͰЩǽгһɽҰܣСȻһȥ档СȻˣҪ̡
СҪ
Сӱ̱,  ˡ
СȻŶһ,  ǻص¼ˡ
СȻ¼ﶼú,  ˺öСӣûë,  ʮֻ
СȻʱ˵ıۣҵӡӷж,  СȻܡ
һ,  Сһͻϲصܹ,  Ҫ,  ˤҪޱˡּССѼӡСȻϸ۵ָһ,  һǸ,  ϲĲˡ
ӷⶼġ
СȻıܵ˷ϵߣ̡׽
ϴӻͳһƽ̸ۣġ
СȻǿһ֪òҪȻ̸ģŰɡ
ƽһ,  ԹڲϣСȻ۾лл̡˷ϵ֣˵Ҫԡ
ϺĲС
˻ȥˣͷﴫ˵Ц
ӷᶼ,  񶼲˵ģô˸СĹ
ӷ͵͵ıס⺢Ҳ֪˭ӻ,  ƲסĻϲóԵһȫҡ
Ѿ˼ˣ˸׷ͳɡ
ӷ֪ô˵أľͰؼˣ٩ǲ׶ӣò׻һˣ͸׷ˣ
СҿЦġкӣ̫ˡٵİѼĻɺáÿǵ±ζͽˡϰǰˡټһ±֭Ϳˡ
СȻ˳ȥһժһɫСҰɽһƬǣǲ۵СǲС̳ϣÿġ
һ̣Ҫ
ϺĶ֪ˣ֪Լиӣһ㶼˶ϲ
һӷŵСŸֻأ㻹ȥȥˡ
һ˵ֻСһﻹŷһҪֻҪѷǰݺȫ
˴һ
ӷľͰֻҪǱˣҪ躢Ҳ˲
˶㺢ȥˡӷῪʼը㣬Сģʱ䳤ˣҲˣǰĶȫˡ
Ҳû˲뷨Ⱥǻʱģ϶͡
ӷõķ˶˳ˡǵȥϴ֣ѣ׼Է
СȻصһ
Ǻܿһ𣬸˵ĳ˷ˣСȻ飬ַӼҵĻʳһ㣬һľͳˣճһ⣬ͶǺóԵġ㣬⣬زˣһ׷Ǵ׷
֪ӽϲ˯ըӡĵطܷʮ졣ߵʱӴϡ
ллС֪ˣ˵š
Ա߿СӣϴżЦ⣺⺢涮¶
СȻϵЦݶʱӷԱߵСӾǲ䡣
ϵôõĺӣ궼ûˡ
ϣӷСȻ˯ԼС䣬ϾҲˡ
ǵȸصʱȴϵıѾˡм仹һպܲһСӡ
СȻһϲⲻ֪ӷỵô׵СһԸʹ˸ɫ
ҲЦ
ӷȻȻò״سǻҲ֪᲻Ầ¡
˵仰ԸоӶһ¡
Ҫǹȥ˯ɣ߰ɡ
ӶĸˣСȻˣƿӵ
СȻڱѾһʱˣ϶ǺѶӱڻʪյ·ѵˣһɫ¶СǶ
ѶӱסһڣôԼסأ
СȻԱߵµҡ˵껹ӷһС
ӷ˯˵꣬˯ѣӷС͵Ƹˡ
СȻûʵ̫˷ܣ˯ţСһñӸǶèèһ־Ц
ӷҲԼҵСûʲô취ڷҲ
СȻûСʵǿʵ̫ˣ
ӷһ֣ĶӾĻ˫§Ĳӣ˯
ӷһ¶ӵĺ󾱶Щˣĺ󱳣СһﱻӷһûһʹȳƵĺ
ӷ˯ˡڴ档ڶһ磬ѵûиһ̯ҪڼС𴲣Ȼһ˯ѷ˶ˣ϶Ầµġ
СȻԺһѾѷ˸ˡϴˢԷҲ֡
Ҳͷϲģֽһ飺һܻ
СȻҪ׬ǮҪû˼ĻȻȻ档Сȴ˱ˡ
ãͺӷŻκӷỹéˮģǸصģһȾ֪ӿ϶ϲ룬ܽţƤСˮˡ
ûӺȡ
ȻȻҸʲôöˡӷ˵š
һӱܣӷţƤˮ˺ӣСһǺĿһۣ˹˺ˣ۾ˣȻĶϲˡ
ͷҪ棬СȻеȥֿ˿ϣԼû˼
ϿЩģ⺢ӡкǳȥˡ
ӷݼҲҪˡͷôգϹҲۡ
ֽɩӸһѡǰһֱûѡڼеǮ֮ɾĴӷᡣĲ϶Ϻõġ
ɩһӵѣôõӶˡ¸ˣ̣鲼ϡ
ӷỻѡ˱ľͺܺã·֮ԽԵú͡
һۣͺϲֿ˼ۡ
ӷҸɻʱѴҪӵʱٴ
ʹѣ˵ʲôҪӣȻȻٻʮءôһ˵ȴӷ˵еˣĸα˭ãôŬϹǮȻȻһݼҵδࡣ
ȻȻһ磬ܻˮʱ򣬺ӷСӱڻʵȻȻ㽫ҪôȻʮ꣬һ뵽飬е㲻ڡ
СȻҸַһ񿼹С־ȴߡ
ӷһ磬⻰һӿˣʣºһھˮһˬ죺úӣ־


53 򺣵Ľ
ӷȥñ,  ݼ֮ٹȥǶܿ
ظ硣
˰ɣ
ֵܵľƾ֣ȥ
ӷᰤкѾеһСͷĿ,  ʮ,  һִʱһġ
Ϊ¹ѻ,  ʲôû˵ôô
ӷ֪ν̫,  ۺ졣ûǱֵ͵
˵ǲŽﲻõˣȻܸ·,  ܸ籾ҲŵıԵ
ֵطԻ,  лҵСӶ,  ˭֪ûʲôǲĸҹӡ
һվá
첶ͷи߹,  ƽﲻߵî,  ÿ췢һе鶼иָ
첶ͷźӷչķӦ,  ЦҾ˵۾Щ֮ɫ
ìܣγͷĿ֮ǰкüˡ
ԽҪŬ֣ԽﲻˬĲ˵,  첶ͷڣܵرãܣûϲµ˼ࡣ
ץ˫ɷĹͣǵõġõ¶ʱһáƽڵ֮оͺá
ӷǲѲ,  ǿӳǸɵȽڡ
ǳȥѲˣлߡС,  ˶档Ҳֻкӷϲںӷߡ
ӷҲһ
ûһͿӴլдҴҳӷ΢΢һ£Ҳûкͷ첽뿪ˡ
л֪ӷǰĹϵ˿̵˳˵
лϴ֪֪˭ûȺӷῪԱߵس˶ˡ˽ӵ¶˵ϱ
ӷüëһ˶ô˵ģ
лɶ˵ٵ˻ŪһôĶӣլ£֮ǰ¶״湨ңҵ˺޵ȻŪǡ˵ֻϻӡүүūŲūŵĴšֻһСƲ̣ǲ̰궼ˡƹĻǵĸˡеֻ
лҸǹұͲϡû侮ʯֻǱЦһ£ѾǺˡ
ӷ֪ӿ϶Ĳ̫˳ղŸһ棬ࡣ
ǰĵǴ峤ǴгϢ꣬νǷޡҲѡġ
ڴ¶Ͳڴˡ
ӹļһЩô˲֪ҲάסǴǰ档
ӣӷҲȥЦŹţ··á

ѵĺӷʱһ˿ѿһ
ԼҵĲ̣һȥͿˡ
򺣻мֱµģȻϵľ޴գûڣ첻үһµʮӡ׵˵ˣеĿҪ˵Ķû˰ͺŪþ˰Ƶá
򺣵סͯÿ¿ӣ˾ӡǮǷ졣ѾͷЦ˵ӵǮҪɼǸûµġиָĻ
֮ǰʰ˲ʲôȴĸ֪ˣ˵ĳݶȻǲ֪Ұˣһҹá
һүǹõǲѳܣֻкǿ
˶ûУֻԣʵ̫ˡֳ²谴²ļ۸գ˵ǸӣʵϾһտӣտأտһ㣬˭뻹һƹƣүˣʹʹ
үıˡ֪粻ŹϵΡ
˵򺣵ֱ˵СϵϴѾͷ㣬ֻ˶ûţο˵
ָоͱˣһӻ
ҪֳǸһ˵ھͻᱻ˵ûءڴ˼֮йشˣڵ٣ЩӶҪӾǱˮн
򺣵׵а˸ӣ˸ָ˺ӣҪСǴͣһʾ͸ۡ
ЩСҲǸһĶãֱӾ˦ڵϲҪѿ
յϴ棬ʱӴߵʱ򣬻Ľ֪ʲôӣǰĵҪ׼ңӺŽ˵˵Ҳʲôĵ˶ݵģˡ
Ķƣؿп²
ڲ֪ﵱΪıĵʲô˼ĶܿϹٱȫͲһˡҲǹҫ棬ǹֵ
Դϴΰ׸֮Ҳ֪ǧƱˡּܷܲҳǺӷᵱӣ϶ҲĲ
ȴ֮ǰ¶ŪˣһЩӣڲ֪˶ǵϣһҪǱˣ˵л£֪׾ˡ
ʲôʱǸͷһҲˡ
ʱ򣬿ͷһϸ򺣾Ϳޡ
ϸһʱ󾪣½˿ˣæȥ˸˵СͬղſһۣΪۻˣǱ֪ô򵥣Ҳȥ
ԶԶͷһ˲ˡ򺣵Сϡ
֪ô¶һ߽СϿߣ˵ԼǵǮˡԼһ·ַԲŻСмɫһض˼ҡģûʡ
֮ǰСϻ߶һٵַ¶ӹͷӼѵĳ̶ȻԶ󡣾ˡ
ԼľҲ˵һ¡ĸͷʹޡǿ޹֮СϾ͹ҪǮôձ״򲻶»ӵǮء
Щӱַեͣһ࣬³Ҫµ׵ġ⸱ӣҧҧһӡ
Сźضѽˣִӹ˶ʮаʮӡ
ǰΪԼãȥ֮ŷѾɫ˥ԽúضǸоϾкطͬӣ˵϶С
ֻǶСϵҪôҲܣѾԹ˲Ͼ͵ӣԺˡ
Сһֱ򺣣ȻѴⷬСЩģʵ̫ˣ˵ҪͲҪ
Сû˵ģת뿪ˡ
򺣸Ҫ뿪ͿͬԵЩʧ㻹жңǰޱ򺣣ƱûˣҲǼٵġͻȻԼȻӣһ㶼˽򺣡
򺣵Ļشأ˭֪򺣱ѹ־ˣֱӷ˦һ˶ңҲҡ


54 
,  Ѹٵĺоۣ첽뿪ӡ
סſȴû˵,  ͷ˳Լһ,  ۾,  û
ȴ˵С򺣸һӣȥͭǮ,  뿪ȥ˳ˮ塣
֮ضҡ
˻ôҲûֹ¶˵СѾ
ôðˡȥ˺ضļ,  ǿŽȥġضʧõС,  ô
Сֿʼ˵Լ,  ֱ˾Ȼ¶
Ĵ©,  СϿ޵үҪ,  ʵ᲻,  ¶ûչˣǿһġ
ضǸôҰô꣬Ǯĵƨɾ͸ˡЩΪһڸ˶,  õʲô
СϵǱҲѣǱ߻ûаٺãҪǽǲϣҶСʭͷģضҲûõĶȥϴ˵ĳζĶû½ŵĵط
ض֪Сֻ¶è,  ҲüƽˡΪԼӣҸ֮ģɲû̸ɻôЦ,  ˵Ǹϲߡ
ΪӷܸǰԵ˭֪˼ŶӹĻõģŰʮӵ˷ˣʵǹˡСϻá
ضߵʱҵӣٱҰǮҪʵﲻһڷҪǲʵ͸ҹӣĶҲȱһ
Сסߴˣֻ÷Сģˡ
طͷˡʱˣ̫ˣһΪƭҡΨкͬһûСϡ
СҲ⣬źӷҲˣϣ˾Ҫúõı֡
Լϴ˸裬ֲ˺ܶȥʭҩۡȻѼе·Ūһ˶ߣžͳȥϴ
Щӣؼҳ¶е࣬Ŷ򿪣Сϻ֮ѴŴ򿪣ͷɢԺζ
Сһ˵ʲôУ˵ҪɱӵģӵǮټҲ¹ͷˣٷˡ
˵ЩԵЩ۲СϾͷӣʲô
ϴѶ̫ܴûһ·͸ˣĵáСǰѷڹȻʼʰӡ
ԽʰԽľĴɹ޻϶ˡڿģټһҵ뿪ͦķҲûʲô
ضͷΥĸܵ˼ĸɾ࣬صﻹȺķˡ
ͬĹҲСϸ޺ˣҲԺһԷˡô࣬ĸ˴һӳԷмܰ
ȵϣСȥӷ˵˼仰ȻصݵʱضɧĲ㲻ġ
Сϸ˲ӾͲˣСֺúضʮ㣬˵˺ܶ佱ĺû
úضΪʱôأСҲ˳ࡣ
С֮ǰӾһĨСϲ
ضҲˣ˯
Сȴҵģ˵ۼһô¶ǲΪﷸ˵˵º飬ǹȥɡ
ضȥǮǱǮһ㣬ͦԶţƴһǮһˡȥһ졣ʣһǮҲֻ·ˮձ
СǰǮʱҪзҪ꣬ôҿдӴҪǮ
С֪Ǯ࣬ǴӦǸضءúض֪ĻڸģˡȺض
ضûûεѾʼˡСϸضѣ˶ԽԽáôţİų׵¶
ض֮ǰҲôġӦˡض㸺ٰɣһӣȢؼҡǮһֶ¶˼Һӷᵱ׵ʱҲûһʲôǮ⺢ӣ׶ҪǮǮġ
СϱĲҿ
ˮӹĸԣһЩ󣬵ǿСŮӣӦñ˵㡣Сط˻
¶ڶСѯӵͬ˵ҪҸںطߴ˵ҪŮӡ
֮ǰһֱżûӰ죬ż֮е¶һˡ

ӷСϻصƸаˣҲڿ˲٣Ҳû˵ʲô
صңܹ
ӷѹԶӱ˹һڡ
Ͽ˵Ҳ̫ϲˡ
ӷҶӸһģСȻҲԹԵĻ
۲ۣ˵ʱѺӱСȻϲճòҵᣬϷ֡˻
ӷۡŶ
Сһﻹ֣һݱơֵģ̸ġıѾһˡ
ӷ֪ϲЩ⣬ҵģ
šСȻ˵ͷ
Ա߶۲ôң
СȻЩΪѣѾӦӷˣǸСһ׿𣿡
Ǻڿ˼뵽¶ҲΪѶӣء
ӷѶӷڵϣܿˣиСɶһиΧܣͺܺá
ʼ˱ĴҵıǮ࣬Ѿ˶ٶˡǴͳġ˶ϲһЩģҲҪô󣬾װ˾ͳɡָЩɵ˶һЩһ㹤աģҪòá
ȻǺģƾ£ڴͷ޶
ҼҶлģȥһ㣬ܱȷǿ
ҲɣȻ𣬵òݱСӣС֮ġСǶϲ
ӷҪЩСҲùȥһԡ
һ˵УֱģĶǮ
ӷĺӲĺּ֣û˵ı˵㲻ͳˡ
һȻʡ԰ɡ
ӷͰСϻضӵ¶˵ˣͷĻҪҵĻҸһõġ
ŶӵĻһ죬ҶˣǸɶ
ӷһûһͼȻȻܻҪСӵĲݱࡣ
ϺƢĸš
׼ԵġӷһȻϲ⡣ӷž㡣
һӣ㳢
ӷ᳢һڣ漴Ĵָóԡ
۾˵㻶ϲͶԵ㡣


55 
СȻڼ˼Ҫȥ,  ߵʱ򻹵˼ŽӣŪҲܣûںӵϱֳȸȥ˽ӣ͵ڳﱧӷᱧ˺þá
ӷ§᳤ģ
֪һհѺ,  ¸ˡ
ĻˡӷǸСͷĿ,  ÿî,  鲻ãһ,  ݷСԺһȥ,  ¶ٻһȥ
ϵıı,  £żǮ,  һʮ,  һ˶ʮ,  ʣʮ붼,  ʡûȥռط׬һĵС׬ĺ𾢶
ӷתתżѲۣӷкܵɩӡ
ŪЩ˼
ӷɩƤάˣŪһüŪ۵Ц,  ȥ˵ԣ֪ӷһϱ֪ô
ӷǾƤϡ
һ,  ҲûʲôùġȥҩһЩ±õҩģ֮ģ֮,  ҪȥǺˮ
ӷû¶һȥҲûǣ԰ࡣ
ǰŵģǵļҼһһۡҪÿˮ˲Źǰʱ׼ˡ׸һЩֵǮı߽ϡ
һǰ˼ûˮʹͷ
һ㶡ɱİСǲ𣿡
ŶǸ˶ˡ
ӷῴһ¸ִһء
ӷĿɨЩͳͳӷǵˮʹҲȥˣ
ǰͱȥˡ
ҼҲȥˡڰϣȴ˵⻰
ӷֻһʷı𣿡
ЩȻһҲˡǻûǮҪҪĻ԰һˮȸ㡣ǰǵļˡտʼ˵ĽͰ͵ģʱ䳤˳ˡ
ӷǮ
ͷʮǮˮʮһ
ӷᱻļ۸ЦˣʲôʱͷķһˣԷ֮Ŀ˾͸ۣһϱ˵ӡ
һ֮µǲҪˡźӷ뿪
ЩҪǼˣߣûа˸л
Զˣһô𣿡
һĵУʲôУ㿴ÿô࣬üһת־ʮļ۸ͷǮ׬ˣѼȥʱҶ׬һ㡣˵ɸΪ֮ǣżǡ
һ뵽ֵǮͷˮۣͷͻȡ
ҲǱ±ÿ춼мɢĿ˹ûġ
һϲˮ񻹳ġ
Ȼôܻ

ӷߵСԺô죿ãΪͬҲǻԿζʤȴû뵽ȷѵ
ӷǱض֪ļˣȣҲһʡ
Ȼ׬һЩϴ±ϣҪǮ˻ѹӣҪ水˵ǸۣǾǰһءԷ֪벻⣬ҧҧĺǯƵĸоĲá
ǲ˸׬Ǯ⣬ѾͷˣҪʵ̫ϧˡ
ӷȥھֺͿջ˵һɣҲЪ졣ЩӳݣδϢ⼸롣
Щ۵ҲˡھۣҪʲôء
ֻˡ
ȥھֺͿջһ£ߵ˶ǴʧɫջĽͷˣ߽ܶẉ̂ϲĽǱſСȻѹͷĸ߸ߵģгɾ͸С
ջĳҲԼͷôζǺܹѵԶԶζ
ջƹһҲǴЩ˺á
ھֵһ˵Ҳѩϼ˪ǰ±ζ֮õײˣеĳ͵±֭µļСʦȥдŻ±ζ͵ŻһءҲˣߵ±ζ϶ˡ
ӷ˵ŪĳԵġŪʲôûãͷˮֻԴǵһϣû취
Щ˶ʳͣȻ֪ҪʲôҲϣǾ̯
ӷȥ
ʱл첽ܹظ磬صʦүҪ㡣
һӷ¶æȥ¶
ӷлȥãʲô¶
ʦүôôСأ
лҲüͷҲ²ʲô¶л첶ͷˣӷҲǣ첶ͷ̫үվһߡ̫үʦүԸʱҺӷ⡣
ӷҲ벻ףոʦүܲɡˮڣһһ¡
ܿȥš۾ͷϢû߹
һ·¥޽ĺܲһһ̫ļɽʯź𺳣ϧĹ͡
ûȥ첶ͷͷˣ̫үҲ档Сһ㡣
ӷ˵ͷлҲͷˡֻкӷһŽȥˡ
̫ү֮ǰӷᣬҲ첶ͷ㱨˴ˣд˵˾ҪãѺӷγɸͷû˵أͱʦү֪ˡʦү̫үԸ˿̾ߵء
ӷλ֮
ǵһμʦүʦүɽӣˡʦүҲǵˡ̫үһ죬һ̫үһʦүνǾͬ
˿ʦү佱ӷˣȻһӢŰ֮ǰɱ˫ɷ˴ͣһֱһһȻͬ졣
̫үҲһüͷʦүʲô¶ҪŸɣôԱӷ¶һˡôҲһ¶̫ү֪ʦү«ﴧʲôҩ̽ãͷô룿
ʦүӢͬҸ뵽һȥˣֻǺӷʱж̣Ҫһӽ죬ǲܷڣҸ˸ð취ɽ껹û˭ȥս˰ֻҪһ׮Ըдְ顣
̫үۺ룬»ʦүܵ
ӷлˣлʦүΡ
˼ôϵӻ뿪ˡһߣͱԺȺ첶ͷл𡣺ӷʵ˵ˡ
첶ͷһɽɲ˰ȥ껹ǵ۷е˺üˡ
ӷ۾һŶ


56 Բ
ӷ֪¶
첶ͷ,  ˰һأֻҪһҲɡ
첶ͷ֮лҲοӷβ´ο϶㡣𿴺ӷſ˭ûʹ
ǵʱ˴˫ɷΪس,  ָءʡǶûץסĻʡĴ˵רŷż,  ̫үʦү
лԴ,  û˸һ飬ͺӷ᲻ƽϡѺӷᵱ硣
⻹һ,  еĻҵһ,  Ҳû֪лӰǸƽƽġֻлΪ˵͵,  ſڳ첶ͷֻкӷ֪ˡǵӲʲô,  ǳ뽻ӷôѡ
ӷȻлǮл˵,  βǨˡ
ҪһЩŪȥ,  лæȥظ,  ȥĶ
Ҵȥһɽ塣뿴Ǳߵʲô
лȻС󣬵ĻͦصģһֿԴҲȥ
ӷһ˳
л֮ȥһ,  ŪһƽСԴһлЦ˵ǽġ
Ǻӷ֪Ǽҵġ
ӷҲæ˳Ȼһȥͷܿĵ,  м仹һ壬һЩɹ͵ġ
ľͷлƵġ
һ·ɽ壬Ǵһξ,  ǴﵹһŮļ޵ߣʮûѶ
ӷҪ͸ˣһͷ˭
ӷҺ̡
ͷһҲǱصĿء
һ·ȥӷŷĺܻ
·ܷɳߵĻҳû취ƿӣڹٰģ·޺õ·ģһʮǮһӶ޵˵ǮĴӻ޳ǽŴ֭أΪ·ƽһЩ
ܿһͣǰʵû·ӿݵģˮﻹˣҪݽȥƲ
ֻߡ
лСûôõ·棬ӸǴ߸ǵĶǰſſéݷʮ໧˼ңֻһש߷ҿҲͷˡ
·ϵҪôǹƨɵĺӣҪôͷɹ̫
ӷһҲûʲôͬ˵
ܿӷȥҵ˺̣͸ϲ࣬ĸӣĽ궼ʮˣڻûأ
ӷԱ˼֮󣬺̵㶼ôˣ˵˼ҳ̵Ǳýƭˣ˵ȳ׹֮ɵˣɶûСԶٺҲˣЩҲȥǰˡټϹô꣬ӻ϶û¶ٵģҲ˼ȥ½Ц
ӷǴ¶˵Ǵ겻˰ȥ껹ۡ
¶ɽĴ峤ڣôſһǴꡣ̲ס͸˵ˡ
ǴĵزʳҼһֻ÷ֲ֯ǼĿôֲʵûǮϽˡٽ˰ȫ͵ˡȥǼ˵أˣȫ漱ˡ֮ȫҹ˯ٱˣֻץ˾˵ҲûС
ӷȥ⸽ɽתһת˵ǽɽ壬֪
ӷǴҲɽɽǼҳ㷹ɽӦýɽ壬ӦýʯͷɽɽϳһЩҲûˡ
ߵĵش󲿷ֶǶһ֪زСҰݶϡϡݻƵġ
ӷлȥˡ
صлܲ˵øϽȥ·ЬЬڶǻࡣ
ӷᷭľڣȥеˡץɽʮˣ䵽ɽڿȥˡӷȥ첶ͷѯʵʱ첶ͷЩ˰Ҵȥɡ
ӷһȥˣÿ꿪ɶҪϽɡɲ˵ģרŵĹߡ
Щ˶첶ͷľѡһǵɽЩˡֳ̾ظ˵ϣҸҸģи˳ģǴ峤Сӡ˰˳й
ϰû·Ƥɹɹͭɫһļ⣬϶˺ۡϴһ˫ЬҪûʲôĻⱲӳڿϣûгȥĻᡣ
첶ͷȥֳ˵Ⱦȥˡ
ӷɽ峤Ķӡ
˳˵ͷ
ӷǵĴһֱͲô
˳һֱôԱߵĴͺïʢҲĽҲֵؾܳʳǾͲöˡǴǸҵġ
ӹľͼѣȫĲǷĵĲֻ˵ϼǮһ˻ǴҪˡ
Ǵ˶ߣܶ˾ͲˣΪū̫ˡҲеһ汲ߣ߳ȥ׼ҵֻΪһڷӣԸ
ϧ˵ʲôˡ
ӷǴҲãסڷˮصıϡ
˳ӷƣһߺġ˳ĸ˵Ҳ˵ûʲôˮءܰ˶
ӷɽӦɽ˼˵˸˲Ĵɽ˵ڳʯͷѳɵɽڿˡ
ׯڳòá
֪ˣҲڡһ˶ţڶڤ˶ûϡ
˳һӷ˵Ȼﻹ૵ԭɻ
ӷǵ취ȥʲôʱǸͷÿ˶ƼݵġڳԲǵص̣ټϸٲйͻҪһΣǵĴǶҪûˡ
˳һͨĹ˵ϣҡû⣬ӦǴ峤ļ̳ˡӷܸ˵ôǺˡѰ˭¶ء
ӷ˵Ҳûãֳȥ
˳ǿ˵ģһˡ˵ˣȻߣû˻
ӷȻɽ壬һЩֽǮ˽ǿ԰ֽľһ㣬ǱһζķĲҪǿ
˳۸˼ͷʱᣬǳȥˣ鷳Ӹҵ˵һˣ
ӷỹûȿڣ첶ͷˣôˣ
ӷ˵ͷ
첶ͷ򵥣ȥͷ˵һȥִˡ
˳ҵĶˣܳȥҸɶҸɶ
ӷȥԺһҪɣʲôʽ׬Ǯ˰ڽϡ
˳Ǹõкĵ⣬ȴӷĻ


57 ز
ֳٺܿͷˡӷҲ˵һЩû,  ֳ˺ܸˡڿΣգÿ¶ָ꣬Ū˳ѡ
ֳȻ֪سݣǼ첶ͷô,  Ҳá
س˳,  ˳˵Ҫͬ˵仰,  ȳʱȦǺġ
سЬ׶ĥˣкԶ·,  ˸԰͵ɽ塣
·,  ӷЩ˶˵ʲô
˳ǵҡһ˳ȥ׬Ǯ,  ˸ȳġ
ɹϵĻ,  ֪жΣ,  ܹҵ
ӷ˴,  ûȥ,  ת˳ͷԼصˮ塣
ط֮˳Ǯ˼ңŵһζ
ӷϴ,  ͷԺ֧˴ӷʲô
С⡣ͷԶûôϡڴʮ⣬гָϸ¹ը
һըΣܰըĽִࡣ
ӷϴ,  Ҳ̣Ⳣ˳
۾óôЩڴ
ӷҧһ,  ʵһ⣬Ǳǰƹ㡣ͷܴڳ˻Ǵϲ졣
ӷճһڣδָҪԣﶼóԡ
ѾˣԴ΢׬һǮ֮󣬶һЩͺϣҲû˻˵ʲôǺںӷۡҲ˵óԣе㿪ġ
ӷ;½ߵ飬û¶ɡ
ӷûʲô¶ǵ㵳֮Ը˵ġ
ӷ͹¶̫ߣﻹһЩЩҪôһ͵ӽϣǿɾһѪݰ
Ц䣬˻ģЩۡһ뵽ӷԸмֻϲ
ӷһ߰ը⣬Ա߿Ż򣬺ܿµԱ߾ͱݸסˡ
ûһζɢըĳӣϸĵķתţűɽɫˣҪ̳Ȼͷս滹û졣
ӷǶϹˣӰ컹ͦġ
ӦòСЩ䣬ЩʱǴһԣǺɱ̫ˡ׬˼ǮѰĻһ͡Ҳȫ
ӷ±֭ô˵ÿ±±ÿζϽȥ󣬱Ūġ±ԽԽ㣬˵ܶϵ±ͷ
⵹СûǸӷ״ЩˡʨӴ󿪿ѹͷļۣЩƽˮ⻹
ǰǵء
ôĿڴ׬һǮӷûǾ±زˡǿɽģɽϹĢͺü֣Ұľȥ϶ɡƬиɵĶ˿ݺһģЩǴֳɵĶ
ǲŪ߻ˣһصҲ޲ɡ
һӷ˵۾ˣСʹһС׺һͭǮ»ʽأǮһ˷ǲ˼ա
ȥ˵ˣȻشŪķģɩǴܿ͸ǻˡ
ҲϾӷϢˣһɶʱõءһ˵ϡ
ܿ췽Ͼһ
ĢɣǸҪݷˮ϶ҲҪǰܵ±֭ζ
һ±֭ز˷ͷͷըĺһݣǺ㡣
һޣʱóԡ
ֳ˸ɾҹڴϣӻ⾭أҪһЩɶȶɿڸиһЩ±һЩӦҲСԭͱ˺ˮ֮ĸסˡ
ӷôһ˵֮ŷ֣Կ±ҪḻḻƷ֣ҲǱһգûлˣҲǮʡıЩĸסӡ
Դ׬Ǯļƻɶˡ
ԽԽˣҹ˯ˣӷһק˸εı˻
ӷûסҧľ
еĵط˴ˣʱëŻعѾ§סˡ
ӷСԣúһݵġ
Ҵסϲɵ
ӷȻסǾ͸ɵġ
һʱԴûзӦʺӷʲô
ӷӦһǣҹ˯ߣʲôøɵģ
ʶʱѾˡ

ڶһ磬񶼲ۿӷᡣҲ֪Ҫȥæһôôྫء
ӷȴûоƵãΧתȦҪôҪôǸ
Ȼ͵Ÿ
ӷᣬڷڸǰ˼ֻһۡ飬ôһ۶Щ⡣
ǳȥ̯ˡ
Ȼӷջھ˵˲±ζجģѰɢʳǲ֪ء

һ
ӷæкţȱǲ±ˡĳزˡ
򿪹ǣζ˱Ƕһں±֭žͺ㡣£߰زˣʮ󼦵˿ҲŽȥ±
ʳһûлˣҲûżߣô
ʮǮʲôȫһۣӷ˵š
Ա˶ǳԻ˵ĻͷͣȻǲںСǮȻ̵ĢɣҪľÿһ㡣
̣̳֮ȿص±֭㾻أ֮ٸ½׺±֭
˽ӹ֮󣬵Լ׼õӵʱôɡżߣӼֱһƬĢͳԡ
֭Ģۻۻģһζô಻
֭ˮлһζֵģھǿڡ
ԱߵҲһһôֵٸһԣҪĢҲ飬Ҳû¶ҸǮ
ջĵСأһˣҲߴˡ
Щ̧߼۲ӷǣ͵źӷءˮǶеôܻӭһ컹ʣһءЩɸ鲻סȥѰ˼ԼˣҲ֪һλûţζء
治֪Ϊʲô˻ϲǮ
ɳһ̽ӿǵôһ̽ӻˡˡ
һܣǲȥĶ򰡡һ䣬˶໳ɣǳڹɣ̧ʵ͵͵ǡ
̽ӵǣزˣʮǮ
һˣҵʲôأʲôóԵģǸǴ̨أŰɣҪǾܲˣʮǮزˣ˰ɡ
̽û˼˵ǵ̯ӱΧסǼһ趼
лҪ˵ǸֻһΪֲңԣһٸ
˫ճ


58 ɵ
ӷҵز,  һ̯һˡ
ز˵ļ۸ͣܶ˶ټǼҺ,  ÿζǿһ֭ˮٳ,  ٰ֭Ҩ,  ɱС֭ˮľ衣㶫Žȥ
ϲز˾ľĢ
Щ,  زǴɽɻɹĸɻǵļ۸Ҳܱˡһ㻹׬ͷġ
ӷպ̯,  ̯λ˶,  ϵҲܿ졣
ʣ,  ҲΪ⼸˵
һ̯ʻ̯ʱﳤȥ,  ûƬ̵̵ͣϰЩζ
ŹЩӾͺ,  ͵źӷǷء
ǵȴˡ
һ,  źӷҵز˻ͷ͸ˣһҪ裬ŵʱЩšУصȫһˡôôء͵͵ȥ,  ϾǼǱ˶ࡣ
ܶ·Ҳߵȥǿһ֣ҲʮǮĳһ
ȥæ˵ЩɵˡҪôãô죿
ǳȳŲס,  ǲҪͷˮֳʽĶЩšȥ,  ֻûȥԼҲ֪Ǽﲻ÷ŵϻô¶ûԡ
ԭʮٶġȥͻãôһȥġͺܣһӷǲҲ׬ǮеǰʯͷԼĽš
ô찡˭û⡣
ɳһ˵ģԱšǲǼˣ֮ǰǸۡҲǮȥˣͷӣ˭ܵ˰
ôһҲ⣬Χ׷½ضԷ
ܿȥʱ򣬾ͱסˡ
ǣֱ·Ϸܷܲ˰ɡÿһ˪ÿ
Ҳ̬ȶӣȶЦݵǸǺˮǰļ۸ǣ֮ǰеᣬٺ٣˭Ҳ㡣һģһһ뵽ʧô࣬۵Ķֱ顣
ԱߵҲԱ˵û˵ɱ׬Ǯ׻أܲôʧʼҡ
ЩǲҪˡЩǼ۵Сˣˮܷ˵Ҫϴ߰˱飬ټϷŸָȥζʲôۣ׬Ǯ˲׬ǿԲ׬ڸز˿ɶˣѸɲ˷ݺãƻ֮±֭ˡ
ֱܹ˿ӵĸоˡ
һżˣ㲻ܲҪ㲻ҪĻô죿ǻΪԼ΢˵һ¾ָܻ糣أⲻ֪Ѿġ
ԱߴߴԽͱۺסˡ컯֮£
үǿǿ·ҹȥ
һ񣬶ʱɩӣǳЩЩҸǶ죬ҪƢõġְ̯λƷˣɾûҪˡ
Щ·ˣ˳ķС
ۻЦŸ˵û
뿪ʱһԱС˵ûʲôͷ
ŭʲôͷ֪͸ڴ·ҲϹġǸͷϱ˵ӷڻûϸͷ첶ͷ̫ү̬Ⱥԣ嶤ġǰͽỹأҪǵϽڣ۸ˡǿɾûˡ
𾪡
ӷҲΣһ͵֪ſڵĵλôߡһɺӺ󲱾һֱܵ˽ź¼ˣ⼸˵ģⲻ֪˼ұ
Ҫ֪ݾǽǰ˸Ҳȥ
ˣһĵⴵˡղ˼ԺҲˡһ뵽ֿУĶˡǮ֪Ҳɵˡ

ջص˴˨Ӿˡ񣬺ضˣҸɻ
ţ˵ˡ׼һСƳʮСףһӴԼһĵͭǮ
ȥĴȥոɻǶɽҼһЩԻǮҲԻԴӸˮ˿֮Ǿ˾Ӱ˼Σʶ˵ָɻֻҪݣܱһࡣ
˨ȥһʮĹǮɸ˨ֹǺȥתתƾʮģڶˣ²һũУڼҴҲǴţ˵á
˨ųӸ߸˵ĳȥˡһӣЩͭǮùˡС복ĸɻ
ɹĸɻҪԼҳԵģԼҳԵĶȾҪɹĸɸɵġͷӻĻҪáһݳõĻͷ
˨ӳȥһˣʱ˹˺ˮˮ߸˵Ĺͷһջ˭Ϳģ˨ӲŸһ񫣡
񲻵ȺӷȰʮĸ˨ӻЩ˼ллɩӣллض硣˭ܸɡӷѺûݸ黹ǳеġ
ûһͰѶźáɻҪɸһ£ݣܿӷͻˣżĻɵ߰˰ˣյңŵ˳ﴫζ
﷽ϸͷѧأ˳ҲԴһ˵˵ϲ
ֱֻȥȻܿڳæء
ӷˣ۾ЩϲӷᶼûڼҴѣ͸§ڻôôȵҡ̫ܸɣ°ۻˡ
ûжٻǸвסˡ
˷ܵĸ˵˨ӻĢﻹһĢۺܸߣйζѰĢļ۸񻻵ֺöеˡ
ӷЩĢǲԼҳԡмֳ硣
ӢԽԽٶಿ죬ȻһǾϣָомܲסӷԽԽ޼ɵˣֻҪûˣͻ۸ͦϲġ

ſڶڹעӷܲܰɽ˰ǿӷÿ컹ճѲֻ߸ɻ·ûС
ͬŲ²ĪǺӷ᲻֪ɽǸ뺷ĵطֻߺӷְ
𿴸ͷŸ֣İ֡ϵ˶ߡͷλ˶ˡϣһûֲ֪Ҫȶˡ
ҪŪ٣Ȱ˰ǮԼ˲ҲõĻʧǲ֪ӷôģ
ʦүҲ٣źӷᵹȵסȥ˷˵һ첶ͷǸӣȫ嶼һӡΨ˺ӷǸӡ
ʦүǸҸ̫үӵˣ첶ͷҪ֡ںӷ֮㣬ʦүû


59 ɽ
лͦն,  ӷץʱͷ黹ʣµʮ˶ΪŹܺ߼ء
ȴû뵽ʦүͷһ
Ϣܿ۾֪ˡͬĻ,  ƾʲôԼȱ١
ʦү赶ɱ,  Ҫ,  Լ߽ˡ
˲ӷһ飬ҪתǱȥ
Ϊ,  ˾Ҳֻôɴתе㲻ӷӡ
ӷᵱСͷĿûʲôı䡣ʱ䳤Ϊ͡
ӷİ˸й,  ,  תǱ,  ÿһ˿ԶһӡҾԲֵǵĲ·Ҫߵ,  뿪
ڳ,  껵ܱô,  ǲߣ
ַҲԱߵҲߡƽǼҾԣˣںǵӡӷһ飬˵һĹͣմ˹⡣ץ,  Ǻӷ
ҲҲȥӷʱǾ죬겻ܶлҲߡڶΪӷĸƨ棬ӷȥĶȥĶ
˾δˡ
Ǻӷ˳ϸͷշ,  ʦү˸⣬ɽ嶼ҪˣôܹԹԵ˰
ǧֲһ,  ת飬һǺá
վظ磬ԲסˣϣС͵ӿء
ӷ˵ͷ
ַЩޣΪһӣ֮ˡȥզô࣬˭ܰ㵱ˣ
ڹؼʱߵˣĸͷĿá
˵ȭŲУ¸ȡ˼˰ʱƴʱٳڻҡ
ַ廹Ҫ˵
ӷŵ˸־ġߡ
ߵۣߵķɿ죬ߵһ㲻
ʣˣϺس߸ˣһ黹һСӡ
ʣµ˼ˣӷˣǵӺù˲١
ӷУ˰꣬ǺȾơ
껸ַ嶼Ǿƾֵĸ֣ɣʱǲ顣ɢˡ
ΨлںӷߣԱ߿ܡ
ӷ飬һĸ˵Ϣܿ촫سǡʦү껹ԼһþƣԭҲͺӷģƫƫ̫үһġò֡
ӷ˿̲䣬Ǵлȥ˱Ŀշӣƽûס˭ЪŶС
ǹȥѾѾſڵȺʱˣһ˳һ˳ĵҲˮڵĴ峤һ뷢ȫ׵ߣ֮ˮĴ峤͸ˡлȫ塣
ӷĹȥæְ˸
ӷض񡣡
ͰǴĶóǿơиСֽܣоᦣԪԪլӺΡ
ˮĴ峤æܣȫ֮ġҿǴģҲƶֵġѵĻɫʵ̫ˡ
ôһСоҪһӡǴ˵еʯͷϣɫǶѰġҵһЩԭϣȥԻһЩе͵ϡɫ̲ʧ˶ԼΧ֮ˡ
Աߵл𶼾ȣļֱһ΢լӣ򿪸ӣãΣСĴ𣬾綼
˳ƷҲ⣬ǰ֪˻ôࡣԭǴ廹޹ҵķӡܻԭôϸ¡
ҲΪ¶ġˣ֪ܲȥȻ
ԱߵлδôĶͷҪ˵˭Ҳٰһ¡
ӷȥЩµĵʿÿνһ⣬һЩǮЩʿרǮģܱһһҵĸҪǿˡ
ͷУҲУҼʿʲô
ɽϴ峤ͷԱƨүܵѾˡǴ׬Ǯȥ˱һһȫ֡Ͼͷûʲôģ
Ҫǰһ飬ܳá˵ܳǶ
ӷɣҲܰһ롣ʿ취
껺ַ㣬ʲôѶУЩʿһЩƭӣû汾µġ˵ɽµ׬Ǯ·ɽҪТɣʣµɣֵܷ֡
껺ַæð죡
ѼʿɽĴ峤һ档峤Ǹǿ˴˵Ǯһķֺ죬ĵʿ۾Ź⡣ǻһЩ֮᪻ҵרЩֹĶ˼߼ۡ
һֵʿЩҴϣҴҪȥŲء
ӷһҲȥһֵʿǳ죬ڱغЩĵʿ
ɽĴ峤Ӧ֪ͨСͯЩŲȥ
ɽĶһ·Ͽ˶ڿ
ͺӷǸں֡
һǶǴ¶ΧҲ棬ȥŲҡ
ŲСţǰЩӻˡ˵ǷСˣٻǳ嵽ʲôȥ֡
¶һլ˽ֵʿϲĻøɻ׬Ǯ
Ųͷ֣ɹܼҴţһǿͷһˣˣǰֵ˶ˡ
ŲǸްֵġǰڼſڴϷ̨ҲôˣֵʿȻ𾴡ϵȵ༸ʿͺӷġҲȥΧҲŽݡ
ӭȥʮˣ޴µĴҲû뵽ų
Ϳֵʿ˸̨ӣһ»һˮġڻƷԳһξģֵʿ߶߶˵ǧ϶ã˽·䣬ܵضҲϧ϶;֪û˻ȥһЩϡ⣬Сã˵ʲôʱˣܵˡ
͸ֽӣӣլʮӵȵȡ
ˮĴ峤˳СôĶֱͻͻ̫Ҫˣ¸ŲŪˣ˰ǴȥʮֽԸǸˡ
˭֪ŲЩҪˡնʱﻹãǵ
ӷ᲻֪ǮôġһΧףһĽĿŲ͵͵ֹֽǾҪ͵͵һ㣬ܲܰСǼ
Ҳ֪ǾŲĶ䣬ˣס
ֵʿֵļۣ׺ã˫ɶԣ
Ųһǻϲˡ


60 㶨
Χĵʿ۾,  겻ţųꡣ
Ųôϵֵʿһլ˽صĺû,  ƽû,  øġ
귨,  ֵʿһĪĸǡ
ȴŲҵĴ󷿸סҪ̼仰ֵʿһȥ,  󸾾˵ˣܲͶĶƤСű,  Ҫ˸,  ָʲôء
ŵʿһ,  Ц˵,  ҵġҿԸһŽԵ
һ,  ӡǷ,  Сȥ¹ϣҪүɡ
ֵʿӷ뿪ˡ
ΧĽַҲߵ¶˵Խ˵Խ
ûֽסķһл,  ֽ͸滨һյ֮ѸپͱһˣֱͨͥƵá
ŲҾԵϵСöҪұžϲ
ֵʿҲһ뿪
ص˱ӵǸլ
ʼǮ,  ֽʮӡƥӣֽլʮӣټ,  һʮӣһʮ
ֵʿЩҪֽѣޱӣģĵ֮ģơˣӣʱʲôǰ򷢵ͯҪ׬Ǯһǰδеˬ졣
־޶εʿǮĲɶˡ
Ҳ졣һ굽ͷĳ£һԴͲ÷ˡ
ĵҲ׷ҪҪǵֽҪԽϸԽãҲ
ɽĴ峤Ӧˣʿ֮ǿЩе㷢ΪƷأͻǮˡ
ɽֱӰǮˡӸӷǣʣµĲǵġ
ӷɣǾ࣬ÿֵܷһ
ӷȴ˵ǮȲ֣ˮǮȥŪһϣӣһЩõֽЩҪǮģ峤ҲǵǮ
ɽĴ峤ܸмӷ¡˵ÿʮշһǮһʱʵ֧С档
ӷ˵ͷǻһһ档򵥵һ£׼ˡ
۽ҲǳԾС˭ɽ廹ͦͷԵġôõ˰ˡ
Ȼӷ˵ȲǮɽôãͷҲһȣҪǷǮɲֻһӵ飬ЩΪһӾҪߵˡҲ֪᲻ڡ
ӷ¶ȲҪšûߵЩ˶Цζ֪ˡǴˣ΢һˡ
ЩڴſЩЦˣ֪θ롣
ˮ峢ͷ֮󣬻רɳǴļӹȥѧաȻøרҵУǴǮѧգͳʦһͳʦҪʦҴꡣ֮ѧѧ֮ʦ
ǾѧʦһľÿһֽʦһӶʮֵı죬ѧȥһʲô
ȴû뵽ˮĴȥѧÿһѧһôһЩѧȥˡ
ԴԱ¶֮󣬵ģһЩƷֽһʱͿˡ֪ԭֽôḻͣʳסСŮʿױ̨ϲкУӡ
ÿһ˼еĶⶼҵӦ˶ۻҡ
Ҽ۸ҲôˣѰðһЩֽӶԽľԽϡǴǸլӣֽģÿһϸڶܵλйĵ
Щˮ͵ʿʲôģֻҪѣһķֺ죬һʱƼ
̶ʮĹɽ峹ױģ
е˶ݸˣɹɲݣĥϡ¹ٶ˶Ҫɻ
ԺڼҲÿˣԼڼҳԵĺãﻹͣ㡣ŮһͷСԲԴؼҡһЩʵڸɲ˻ˡʡһҲǳԡ
˳ڿӷ񿴼Ƶãظ磬ˣ͸׽
ӷզûʲôҪæĵط
ߵֽ˼СӵСÿӻľƵá
˳ûɶҪæġǸлǴޡⱲûô׵ǮЩˣǰһСãڵˡҪϡ׶ӵġ˼ˣҲ׷״
ǰЩųȥѧµһ뷨ϣĶ֮ǰθ߳٣ҲӺ
˳һӵݸ
ӷǸʲô
˳ǷֺǮҵ˵ˣҪİæǲܸɵôá֧ƽˣҲˡȰǮˡ¸ʮ廹ٸһء㲻
һ˳Űµʱ䣬ϵֱ仯һΡ
ô˵ˡӷҲͲƴˣ
˳ЩѴ˸Ѻӷй¶һǸֺ죬ڶ˵¶ֽˣǴʮ˶ͶʵǲǴܸɵ˻ɽѺ
ӷɣȥʡ
˳ϲڵϾӷͷ
ӷæ
ӷһӣҪʮʮ˷֡˶룬е˱ӵķ
Щӣµ͵˶ĵطⲻ˼Ǳӷ̵ĺãûи˷ͻ
ӷ˶ˣÿ˸ʮӡһӪֵܣǮҷ֣оһȡЩ̵ֽķֺǮǵһ㡣
⼸˽ӹһȫһ󼤶ʮӣ治һСĿ껺ַȽϺõ˶˷ܡƽ޴ǮСۡ
ûôǮԽøӷᵱ̹ӶǻQ
ۣǮ׬̹Ǹɶôࡣ
ͷг㣡Աƨ
ӷֻһµǮԺ󻹻С
ԺҪʲôæģֱҡ
ԣҲܰǮ
缸飬ȥ¥һһʱķվ˰ղ  ɽ˺ˡӷ˰سİֵλþ嶤ˣںȾƾ͵ǰף
ӷᶼǺ֣ǽʵڸˣƻҵ£Ӧ
ʦүܿ˵ȥ¥Ⱦˣϵ֮Խˣ˸ҲãЩۿһӶûУ
ǣκӷղ˰ҵҪһ²ʦүˣ͵ŷء
лҪ˵Ǹˣǣģͣ磬ֻܸһˣ˫·һٸ


61 ȻȻż
ǰ,  Լ̷ż١
ӣӷľȥӡһȥӺӵʱȥˣСһ߶˺üΡ
ӷյ˽ӵſڣյĽŲ,  һ,  ̵һЦȻȻ
СȻû,  ˷ܵĲС
治Ǹǰ,  Դظϡ
ӷȥַӵ𡣡
СȻַӣҸؼˣ
ַҲϲСС,  Цȥɡ
ӷỹҪѹӸӻ,  ˭빷ӵĻ硣
ӷԶӵôһأ
СȻҵȵһĽ,  Ѿᱳöʫ
ӷһ,  ûס˶һڣ,  С,  ǴΪһڣεĺ磬ʡס
СȻ׻Щ˼,  èèƵã˲ںӷĻ
ҶѾǴˣף
ӷãԺۼȻȻˡˡ
⻰˳źӵ˼˵ģСȻĻȴЩżˣڼﻹǿ׵ġ
ӷĹ˹ı,  СһﶼһˣŰСԴ͵͵ſںӷļϿ
ӷʲôأ
СأȻ۾Ų֮⡣
ӷڼҸóԵء
СȻʱ,  ӷ¶٣Ҫ˽ӡ
СȻһ˵Ҫһҡ
ӷ˭˵ԼĴӣӶýӣԼһؼҡ
СȻ֪ôڿĻˣġ
ŪĺӷҲôһû취ҲʧԻСȻҪ۾ϣҰС
СȻ̱۾Ҳ֪Ǹ˭ѧģֻСֻһ𣬿ϵӣľúӷС
ӷæкһں͵͵ǵԴϴݶ͵֮˵ãҲҪӵķӦ˵ʲôȶٳ
ܿǰվ
ӷСȻԸأɰҪһףСʵ̫ˡôںһˣȻȻȻô龫ֵĺӣүĽ
ӷ۰ɡ
СȻۣʱϲĽ˳СҪ
ӷ᲻ãһûӳ˲٣Ҳˡͺá
СȻ۾ﶼǳݣһӾͰˡ
ӷſڹʮ˶ûӳݵʱһˡ
ӷȥǣǼҵһ˼ҡ
СȻûô
̵ĶˣѾüû̯ˡؼܿˡ
ӷݳؼңڳ
ֻǰѳˣӵͨʡҲû˿ǡСȻҪ§ҪģһҪĴӣǸС
ӣڱŪĶ֪ˡܿ쵽˼ҡӷͻָһѸɲݼܲԵҲܻӷϵľж±ز˵Ĵ衣
Ŷ˳СһＱڸչʾڿѧʫʡһˡ
ӽݡ
ûһȻȻʹ𣬻ż
ӷʰԴز֮һҲ׬ӣˡ
Ⱥӱʫӷݡ
˱
һС·ԺӷôʱˣӸҪѡ֮ǰСȻءꡣ
ӳÿ죬ҲŹȥһ£ӾСһءҿǰ׼׼˺Ӵһ·
ӷῴСӰԼڱЦаӴˣҲ֪ˡȻȻ˯ԼСݰɡ
ĺӣ඼ǼӼһ̵һݶݳޣǺӷǷӵʱͰݶǺˣȻСﻹרŰһС鷿ϧȥ˯ͼ
Ȼʱӱ¶СԴϣ»ڣպĵС˯
ӷɡԵľܾ
СȻһ˫Ų˼飺Ϊʲô
ӷΪĸ˯
СȻʧɫС˵§Ĳӣ±Ƶá
񶼱˸ŪĲ˼ˡȻȻ㶼Ǵˡ
СȻУС
ӷᵯһţСһסš
ٻȥˡһ̯ؼңӷỹҪȥִڡӺӣֱǴسǻ
ӷãǰ˵ɣȥæաʳˣء
ӷĵϽûֶȥһ˸ɻ
˾ңҰ㣬û֡
ӷȥˡ
СȻŴӱÿӣСҶˡһѣҺòá
ﾭסӵһʹӦˡ
ûһӸżһҺȻҪȥ롣СӶϲƽǲȥҲֻʱ̲ȥ档
СȻСҪͷܡлˡ¿Ҫȥʱ򴩵ġһŪˣϴҲ֪ܲɡֻǰľɿӡ
СȻáŹǳȥ棬ܡɽҰܷСȻҲûΡǰǺؼҹܵϣȥѧ顣ӻõźء
СȻȥˣӷͷæѺӰԵĶϡ
ʡһҾͺ
ûһԺѾĴ̡ζӡլ޽ƫζԶ֮ǰǸӣóԵھӶ֪
ӷλ˴峤ν˰ϸһҪĽϣȻͷҪġÿ˰ȱڡε̫үи;ĵģ뷽ĺãʱøߡ
ǰ͸˵εҪԡ
Ӵ峤Ц˵֪ˡտ϶ûɶ⡣󻹵ǿأǰһʱ꣬ȥˣٹһ϶ȽҶӿͯؾͲ˰ˡ
ӷЦʶ֣³ͷء
Ӵ峤˵˵ؼصİԡ
ӷǳײעؼҵˣټסԶӴ
Ӵ峤˵ĵ϶ͷˣƽնע֡
˵һλش壬ϻ࣬ĵֱˡ˵ԼˤģشǮġĵȻϽ裬ǸɤŰ﹨Ҳݵ¶һ˵ᶼ
ȥˡҲǸп졣򺣿Ǵɰ顣Ľɽɳȥķˣôһؼëء
ӷҪǺشܿ˵ǻܷļͥǺӿƾٵġܲܳͷֻܰϣںϡӷƲŷǵ˰Ѻӵĵ·ɨƽúĹһҲһĸ֡
ӷû˵Ļȥɻˡ
ϻؼҳ˷ʢһͣҪ˯ʱСӹȻˡ
ӷһڴ˯Ѱ˼Ӻò׻һˣճ˾ճ˰ɡ˯ˣȥ졣
ȵҹˣҲû˯š
ԭϿһˣôܡûһʹϤϤӷ˭
ԭѺӺ˯ֻ֮ˡӷһڻ´ΣɱǸСģ˯⡣
Цһ¡
ӷЩߵһڡ˸ˣűϴ
˯Աߣӷӿ糱ˮϮ


62 ɽ˰
ӷڼĴ,  СȻÿܼö룬ӷܹߺӵˣ֣ڼ÷ϾɵשͷŪС,  Сץһѻ濾,  ǿȿ
ô㶫Ҳ,  ӷȥһЩ˰֮ģԿɿҪеϳ,  ͦġ
СȻе񫣬ҪŴҿԡ
ڴŪ˵,  ֮,  ȥӱһ⻬ʯͷ,  ˢϴɾ֮濾
ԵȫҶ,  񻹰ʯͷ,  ´γҲ
СȻԱ߷ǳͬ⡣
ӷѺߵĵʱ,  ⶼЩŨˣ´ξǹˡ
º䣬׼һЩѣӲԼܹЩĵġ
ӷȥϹ
ȥŵʱ,  ˺룬źӷʲôӦС
Ȼ첶ͷ˰ɷˣӷСӷֵɽ塣
ҪʮʳûʳԶҳǮҲ,  Ѿ꽻ĲˣծҪٵ,  ϳӲҪһˡ
»Ҫǻ˭ȥһЩѹ
⻰ʱ˶һϿ϶Ѫɺӡ
ΧĴ䶼ҪѧǾûˡ
ɱǾҪóжˡ
¶֮ӷ첶ͷ˵
ڲ²⣬ӷڿ϶֪ˣԲء
첶ͷԼҲôģԵȺӷ˵ʱˡӷ˵Щ
첶ͷְѸղŵĻظһ飺˵ҪѿɽĴ
ӷһ
첶ͷ֪«ʲôҩ
ɽǱ˵Ǯ˼¶˵Ŀڴǲ꣬²ء
첶ͷ߰ɣǹȥ˵һǾȥһˡ
ֳһһҪɽ˶ߣʮŸˣÿһӣǾǾʮӡֵܷһ֣ÿҲжʮǮأʱϲҾֱ֪·ǷȻ㿪ڣҿ϶ðæ
ӷͽǮǮ˳ǰģһһӡʣµѡ
ܿ죬Щڵ˾ͱӻȥˡ
Щ˳걻ѵ⣬ϴһľĸо±ȳҲûʲô飬ϣ֪ӷҪĶ
ӷͷϳ
һʮŸˣֻǸС˵òɱ˰ɡһǻ
Ҳֻ뱣ˣͱץ߸ɿˡ
ĺؼҡ
仰һЩЩֻܿع
һˣ˭ỨǮûʲôõׯںӶһɾˡ
϶ǰǴĵط
곤ˣǽ壬˿̵˾ˣһǺúõɱôˡ
˶˵ˣһ˳˳ûƿӣҲܳأԼ˸ˡ
һ·ɽ壬ͣȣǲߡ˳һӭǵľס
Щ˰췴Ӧ
۾ȪƵãͻͻᡣ
Тͷˡ
磬û뵽һܼ㣬Ҳֵˡ
Ӣãʲô˵ˣҪʲộҸ˼ˣ
ǻһ˲籡ӿ
峤˿̶ݺᣬЩСƣֵӾ֪˶ٿ࣬ԭ׼˼ʣʲôҲ˵ֻظһ仰ͺã
ϽøҰѸҵĺߡ޸ĸģ˳ȵ峤ңѾˮϴһϴһѣٰ֮ǰյǸǰˡ
ֵĴڣʣ´峤һˡ峤ۿﻹءֱӸӷˣȫ嶼ǵĴ¡ȥҾ͸һ±Ǵ
ӷȴʹʧǴ嵱ѡַʱѡĲãԽԽˣ˵ϳʳҰݶʲôٸ˰ȥʱ򣬱ߵڵϣǴǴһš
峤Ҳޣ޲ûһϹͷԼͷˣֻҪôȥͳɡִˣǴ˶ˣûڡ
ת
˳˰ȥ޵ң֪ضǰˡæȰöô롣Բӣˡ
峤һһᣬ˼ˣ˰޵ëְߵСӴ򿪣İһϵ˰óӣǴƳԡ
ӷǰЩֵַһʺǮ֪Ҳûʲôˡ
ӣŰɡ
峤ǰ˶࣬ȫ廹æһ󡣵ȴѩɽͳȥˡʱȫѧѧļԽԽ֮ǰֻǸƤë
˳ӷ˵Ǽȫ֮һԣ׬Ķһ𡣵ȹЩӣͰֵǮȫһķ
ǰҳԿʲˣÿٶܳԵˡ
峤Ҳ֪Ȼ׬Ǯܿŵġһæĸ¡ĸ¾׬ȫʿ׬Ǯ
پ㣬ȴ֮ܳɸմ֮ġ׬Ǯ˷ָӷǣʣµĶѧѣϰǮûǷӡֻܳá
ӷһ
˵ŻأͿ߹һǴ֣һҰʦүˣƽֵܵĹϵУӷҲڣֵظ磬ӦѰ˼һѡզҪǲʵøǿ˿Ǵ嵶ġ
˵æʵҲһලá
ӷæͲˣѾˡ
˾һ㶣ҰЦŴչǺظô¶ô̽Ҫʦү㱨ء
峤򵥵˵˼䣬۴Ϊ𺳣Ȼô̵ʱڣ˸취
æȥӷһϵʱſڶˡ
̫ү˵԰ѺӷеνһǰѽϣǰĻ˸׷˻ʵʵĹ̫͡үͷλþġ˭Ҳʹȥ˷֧ʮӣΪҷǰ
ǽ֮ʦүһ𾪣Ľˣܰ㶼ףǲԼǮ
ҰҵӪȫɥƷĿɾˡҲͦģǰʲô֪ȫĸ컻ʵ˴תŶ೤ʱ䰡Ұ͵һʦүǺӷĹ͡
ʦүЩãǱˣ


63 
ӷ˳ĵ˸ͷ,  ſڵ˶ʾá
Щ߳ȥˣٿӷͨ죬̫ӷˡٴ¶ҲͻºӷǺǡ
һ£Ӻл,  ˵û
ȴƤ̧һ,  ϻѰ˼ʲôˣΪһ,  ÿһӣһӡǶҡ,  ɼƽնǵĺãι˹ˡ
ӷ˵֮ȴǣǵ¶ûϡ仰,  ǲԵķġ
ӷΪõİ,  ,  Щ̻ܵ,  ҲеҪùϵ
оͰ򺣡
ӷû,  һеϲˡݵĶˡ֪ĻΪҲԷء
򺣼ӷĴȺ֮,  мԲλĸоǰԺӷûƵԼͷϣ̬Ūĺܱ
źӷǰ򺣵ֵܣæϵ˵Ը,  ҵһҶǳ԰׷ġ
ôˣԸⱻô˵ˡ
ӷ򺣣ߵлֵܵǽȥԾưɣҲȥˡ
лҲǻ,  򺣣ٿӷᣬ֪лҪ˵,  뿪ˡ
ӷʲô¶ǰȻû۸۸ˡΪԼܺɵԼλ֮ͻȻһ㶼Ҫ˸νˡ
ǳһȿ޻ѿЦݣϲ㡣˭뵽һĺӣгԹһ졣
õˣΪֲţ
ӷллô
Դ֮󣬾ǿҵĸ롣һũӣ˱˱ĵ˽ӣҵ˶ƲΪһӻҪȥҲһֱûʲôߵҲеЩոӷ˵˵
ֻѹ̫ˣ˵ӷһġǻߣȴȥ±Цͦõġ˵ȫǿɬǿţǱ߳ԴƴĴзһܳ԰¨ϻƺѡ
ӷš
򺣵ǱϾҲֵһС겻ôˡ
ӷطͬѪֵܡӹĺãҲûȥһϾСͺܳ硣
ǴСǶġǰڣϵûùվ˵˵Ѿ˾ˡ
üͷҲѴһ¡˵Ķӣŵĺ񣬶Ǹӷˡ
ˣл֪˳˺ıȱءϲĴЩ¶ǴֵǱ˵ӷǰ򺣵Ĺϵ˶أ˵Ķõģ
˵ЩƲֲǼģϴλ²Ь
ӷ㶼Ķ˵ģСϢԶȱ˶һЩ
лǼ˵ġҰ˸ӣȻҴҵ󣬵̫࣬ЩƲϷֵÿ˵ˡһǶᶫģȻǱˡ
Ȼܣ裬ѹĸһ١¿ͱˡ˼ҷǵ˵汻ʰģûˡ
ӷסĲģΪʲôߣҲ̫⣬ҪǸϣɹӣҲ
лǵѾˣҪûţǹ˹ҡ˵ѧҵϲŲСϾǼûʲôˣΪ˺Ҳ߰Ȼˣû˻š
ӷһҲȻˡȻǴ֮а̳д۵ġ۾ĺҪݹȡڹҵļͥλһ룬еָѹںӵϣϢ
ӷҲȥǺȾƣȥˣѾİ֣Ǯ·Ҳˡϸλ̻Тģɽĺټ̫ү˷ġһиլӡ
жСԺء
ӷȥǰСԺõģʱ䳤ˡȴе㲻ˡ໨߱ġӷȥһԺӡƽտЪЪŵġ
ط˶࣬ѰסĶһŵСӣǰ󲻴ԺӡԺĵطҪôסƫһЩҪôǮǱ߸
ɡһȥпһսСͿǹ¶Цһ仨ķ磬үˣ
ӷҾǹ㿴
¶ԳдүҪ÷˰ҽǰõĿлһЩɻĿСˡҾʵϼɻҲʲô¶
󿴼񣬵Ǻģźүиɫˣռһۣ͸Ƶá
Ķ佱˵ĴʣҲ֪Ӧԡ
ӷ˹µĹάҾһԺӵլӡ㿴ûкʵġ
¶һӷ̸ˡæջģеġΪӷܣҲҽ̫ġҪլӡ
ߵլӣżķӡǼֵ˶ĿšΪѧŲòլǼ׷ϺãˣһţմһմĶҲܳˡ׷ӣ£͵Ÿ߼ȥٴ׬һء
ⷿȻôţշļһٶʮСԺͷѾ۳ʮˡһֹǻӲ֪㡣ٳһΣɡ
һסլӵļ۸ʵԭ̫ˡ
ӷҲǰˣһЩ񣬵ⷿǲǹˣسǴ˼ңֶǼҵģܿǿķˮˣҲüһˡ
˵ƹķӻû˭СΪһ׷ҶϷϡ˵׷ҪǼ۵ġӷسиЪŵĵطǮҲ㡣
ƹһҪٿġ
ֽ˼ף̫үķӣǶ˼ѵĵط˶ӣҳҶ̵ģҲϲ
ӷܾ¶ҲЩð֪ĻΪġʾ֭뻹ʲôլǷҪġͻȻһһ
֪үɻ䲻ɻ䣬һ׷ӣֻǡЩݡ
ӷȴӹ˼ֺ棬ǹȥǾȥһӣǽֵ̯жܽһܿլӣ滹
ӷῴһ£ӸǵĶϺõĽשԲľǵʮֽ᷿УԺ
ӹλúãҵ»ĵؽѡƽţ˵˰Ⱦơ
Ӹտ˾ͷˣĶӺŮ˱˳ȥⷿӻŮڵʱۼ۶ġǵΪӣǮ˶ש߶Ǵ˻ģƣ˼
ջҲ׬һʡĲһ˵ҡͷ˵ǰ˼϶ǸǷʱûѡӡ⻰֪˭Ŀ˵ģӴ˾Ҳȥˡ
жû
ӸǵãǮ˲ϡǮȥĶ򲻵ӡ
ҲеӴģȴûǮⷿӾǮҲһʮ߲ɵͲ͵ģһ·ˡ
бӷŵģ½İ֣¶Ҳ롣ǼʵûϲģͰ׷óˡ
ӷῴһΡ
ӷȷͦġԹ¶ĵҪԿ£ҽмѿ֮ڸ𸴡
еĹ¶ȻӦⷿҲȥɣúоһ£׷ҪĻҲӶ𡣡
¶ľˡ
ӷô
ϲһοôӡڷ˵Ǹ˼ɻĵ˿⡣
ڴϲģ˵ͷûһ·ӡ˿һ롣Ǽڴǵķӻ˶ʮѾǺܺõˣȫܱȡ
Ǯ˴档ƬƵģ̾Ϊֹ
ǿӲ֪ӻôҡ
ԺˮУ󴲣л𿻡鷿鱾ȫµģīֽⶼС
ݵǰúøһ׷ӣþõסȥһжǰõԺѳһСأڴﲻϡС˶࣬ҪһҲмȤ
ӷȥؽѿ˿ʲôûСеɡѰҪôĵؽôҪ˵װơǧﶼװġ
ӷһʱ򣬾ͷɫĵط̫һҲǰڴﳤģ˽ĺһ˵Ļ϶ע⵽СϸڡӷЩȥ˸С˲ң͸оŶӷһһ̲̳ӣصǽӲӵĻƽ
ӷ̰ѻƽó˵¶ҲЩˣͳƽ𣬲ʮ
ӷȥлʣЩǮ˽һ
һӣл֪ˡظ磬ҪӰǸӵʱһ롣λò̫ãҪȡĽֵ̫ˣһǮӳ֡
ӷ˵ⷿӷˮ̫áô¶
лЩǴԶﴫԭķţǺμҶȥļūţһҶεĺμЧȥ֮󣬴ϵľ޿˵˸ˡֻˡμҵ˵֪֮˶ɱˡ̵ǮμܷҲʲôƲ硣׷ɲͰˡ޶±ұլˡ
л֮ԴôΪҲͷӣΪһЩ鵢ˡͷǱˡ
լִô¶ԽԽլӼȥ˼ҲˡлԺӷе˹Ҫ۶٣
һʮӷ˵š
۸л۾ˣʣϴʵʱһٰʮءлǸ˼ҵүլоĸ
֪ʱ˶ٹ򣬻Ժӷ̸ɱŻ˾̰Ĳ㣬˼ҶūˣָǮôõլӡʲôġ
ӷ롣ûô¶ЩǮ˭ûߡɢе˴˿ôηҲûһտĵؽѡ˭뵽ؽﻹźöء
ʮƽ𣬺ӣ
ӷһⷿûбëֱȥУ˵ˣҲܸˣѵϸ֡ӽطͳǵķˣӷֱӽ˰ǰǰеµġ
ŰԿ׽С
˰Ժ򵥵Ĵɨһ¡֮ǰǸСԺˡԺǾͿԺЪˡ
ӷһ̳ӣ֮Ҳ
һ·ϻؼңЩЩһοƽ𣬽Ӳӵģһε۾
ӷӽӶ顣ڳԴöȵǮеġ
˵ܷǮڲѧһҪӡҪһЩī鱾ҪȥõԺЩҪӾͶˡ
˵ͷ
˼Щ˸λá̤ʵ
ӷլֻһʮӣʣʮӡ
æգۿתˡϴ˵ʱЩ֡ӷСȱˡǰøΪȱǮڲͬˣĲȱҲǽŽϺӵġȥ񺮶ȥɻ˹Ҫúܺá
סӷֵ֪ҺãҸвס˵Ҫⷢ˵ƣþҲϡ£Ҳɡ
ӷʲô
̰ɡǰǱˣζĲУǿʩȼòŻͼϣҲһ׮Ƶ¶
ӷ֪ۺáУ¶ȥɡ
һ죬ЩжѳԽȥǮͳҲֻкӷĿںӷĻ
ӷᵥְ˸ţҾȥ˨ȥڸ嶼˰ˡǸ꣬ʳиࡣ
ԽǷգԽǱˣһ˻ûأϸ£ۻԽԽˣɹĸɡ
˨źӷ⻰ʮ㡣ԴӸӷʮ˴ˣǸ¶Լֵһȥʡ˺Ūƣɲ˶ӡ
ǮǽµĴǮӷᶼҪ
һһǧӷּãҪĶǾĥһ
ùɹһɹͿԷÿʱ˸ؽһš˳ȥȥһ棬λòضáطҪ󣬿òûط
й¶ĸǱһطԭҲǷãӪƵˣ¥¥¼ܰڷʮӡΰʶֳɵġ֮ǰҪ۵ӻҪһ۸ȴ֮ǰһۣʮ
ӷȸͷʮʣһپʮǷѻƽ𻻵ʮ͹ˣǷʣһһʮ㹻ˡ


64 ǰ׼
ǶǮšܶԼĵߺϹɵ
ӷῪϢһ,  ¾ְš
ӷȴ˵ã˺аѻƽҳӣеǮˡôҲܹ⿪̡㷹ʳˮ֮ġ
ӷ̯λ̫̿ϱۡרȥҹ¶,  ûл˵,  
Щ,  УǶЩǮ,  ϲ˶ԼǶʱĲͷ,  ϲĳֱӴ,  ǳе¶
ӷȥİɡȥ
һһ,  һǸóĳ,  ˵ǰҲںõʦָ㡣
Űװ׾,  ֹ⻬ûһӡƾǸ˼ҵСЩլеĹ֮ġ
ܸɻġ
һ,  ЩΪѡ֮ǰ˵ˣҲֻӲͷƤˣϼҴڵġһʮҵˣϱҲһЩҳ,  ӡĲʮ꣬СȻȻһ󣬶ߡ
Ҫۻͣһ¾ҪġһӡһҪӣôأ
ϻһ˵ͨ,  е¿ӷ֪ǸͷҲûбϥӻֱͦġ
ӷʲô
峴ը,  ᡣϱܸҴ֡˵š
ӷôСɲͬôķӶϣϡһҪһķһ
˽ͣʦ˿ӷĻᡣ
ӷеĹ¶ĵǳһáʲôУԼСġ
¶һ֣һҲһˡҲǱصģϲǮҲ߰˰ˣ뾡ҸǴܴպϣӸۡ
ӷֻһֵĲˡһ۳ͼӣһӡ
Ϳǹѵһ¾ðˣ˿ûӰ죬ûһζ
¶ͷһ¶գӣ¿ˮôһŪ޲Ūһ׷ųԡ
ˣӷ᳢˳ȻŴʺʳ
ߵСϲȫɼµȷС
ĿԣǿܻȽæǴʩ̡ǿ϶˶ࡣҲаţ֪ܲܶ
ʦһӷҪʱԡЩݵģӷʲô˵
ʦûסĵطϿסڵ𣿡ӲһͿ˯ˣϰ岻ԸĻҲסˡ
ӷȻСֶһĹأһҪעһЩС͵С֮ϰߡھŵİ֣Ĳ۵Ļɾֱӷˡ
ʦҸϱˡ
ӷ˴ȥˡ
һȥлַǾſˡ
Դӵ֪ӷҪݣǱȺӷỹ߻ˡ
лظ϶ûʱ˷ҼС£Ͳ󣬵ܿԡҸҪʲô¶ظҡ
ַЦظ磬ɵл˷ҺˣⲻǴֵǵôҴġ
껵٣Ҫô˵ֵ뵽һȥˣҲ˸áѰ˼䲻ظһڿҲ̫ˣжҲֵ˵һ¡Ҫ׼ˣ䵽˺ȥˡ
Ƕ˴˹ɲô򵥵顣
Ҳӷ룬ǰȱ˵⡣
һӾͰѺӷСӣһˡ
ӷлֵǡ
ʲôַͷʹ
˽ӷǾˡ
˷СǸõһСһд󱦡
ǵںӷߣӷ˸ͷ
ӷְѹ˵һ£ԿҪ顣ÿ¸һǮ㻨סڵһ͡ԻԸɵĻԸɵľͿԻȥˡԼΪū˵һڱ
Ǯ˾ϲġūţﶼūšһūѻָˣ͸ǳе¶
ˣ˲
Ҫ¶Ȱɨһ顣ܾûǽ϶Ѿ֩
ΰҲǻҳʪĨһĻҶҪˡ
óʰıܿģ
ӷȥһЩѼ⣬֮Ķʳ
ɹһĶ˻
иߣװĴͲҪרŶơ
ոµ֮ġ
ʦҲܹԣܰæãСǸҲ߰ŲӷǵˣСϲʦҵССһмӷЩн塣
ɩæúӸĿڽϰ壬ӷȴͺãҲиôС硣´Ϣ档
лл塣ӷᱧһڵϣСһﺦߵܿˡ
ǰٺˣͻȥˡϸصҳĴ졣ڸʰʲôûأиҲܷ㡣ͰѱʰСⷿϴɨ֮ó
ӷᱧһڣܵ
⻰ûҲС
ӷȻ
̿ŵӣպ࣬һС࣬һ࣬һϹ࣬һֲ̿ڵģǰʩ׶ݺãʱҪϣ֮ζ׾ˡԽԽŴ
Щ󲿷ֶǴջٲġЩǺӷҪҲ͵ļ۸ͷ˸
õ൹˾޴ͲŸӣܱ¡
ԭ˲̫࣬Ǵ϶Ʈζˣֶġ
Ѱζˡ
ͷһ쿪ҵӷҲˣ˵ǿţҲϵıҵ˷ţǰæ
ûһʵô
СдϰҪ£ͷһ벻ҪǮڶһǮһ롣
˶ˣôһ벻ҪǮʲôЦ


65 æµ
ʳһ¶,  ˹һѵȻ֡ÿһֶɢζֱֶʩ,  ϡˮһ,  ܳ
С,  һ࣬Сࡣ
ʳԽ,  Խŵʳζһ¿ˮһࡣ˶ζϲ,  ƽպٳԵ,  ѵȻܷ,  ˾ȡ
Ա߻Сװ̲,  ۲˸,  ۲Ҷټһ˿ġҲǵһ̲ҪǮ,  СŹԸ߰˿ڵģһǮ
һһСˣ࣬ȥԡ
໹,  ʳļæһȲĺһڣŴŴġнɫϹ⣬׻һ𣬳㡣ȥ񶼱ˡ
һȥ,  Щδ
ǲĲҪǮЩɵĶԵС·𻹲콵¶
СԺûǮʳͿԹ,  ǮĿԽ
ûǮһ۶ûãָоͦϡġ
״ʳͷǲżˣʩ࣬һֱ찡ϻĶôš
Сϰ˵ٻʩֻ꣬СˡСͷˡϻоˮ±⡣ֲһ䣺۶󡣡
۾һҽ꣬绹ܰ׳𣿡
СȻ
һˡһ࣬źһ֣кüûأ߸տ˻࣬ȥ˵ûʲôˣմ⡣
˴һӣһˡ
۹԰׺һࡣûиףټʵǺúȣθڴʳͣٺȼ룬СˡһٻǮҡ
˺ܿǵֻʳһͿСؤõģһ룬ǰһŹǰҪһࡣ
СͷһࡣҲҽꡣǽ̣ĺࡣﴫİıУеҪǵ
ʩ֣סڸϰҲˡ켱ģںŲϳֵʱûˡ֪Ϣ֪ͳԹˣ
˭Ҳ¶֪ۿĵ꣬˭Ұⲻ
ҿһ٣ҪͰ׵ʱ򡣾ͿźӷһͰϹֱ࣬ӵͲ
ӷһſڵĳӾûоͷƵáһ¥ˣڶҲˡ
ûˡӷȥáȥ˺ɩ׷϶ˢءһϴõóȥˣճȥССһȴϴ롣ǵ˷С¶óкˣ֮ġ
ʦӣҲæһʱæĲɿ
ǵô㴼ʵڣʾʲôʱʼ
ӷʱ̾Ͳˣǿʱ
أһһ˵Ķǲ⣬˲䷳ĸǽ͡
ӷϴõùȥʱˣȥʦǱߵ۲ۣ
ʦһѺáϾû뿪̨ʱֻ࣬רˣһǲһϹࡣ
ӷְˡʦͷˣƻð
ʦɡҪһֱ裬Ȼ׺ס
ӷ󣬵λòáȴ֡Χھӣ˵Ϲм˻Ǻӷ±˵ʱʳ͡һǿ˶ʱˣ绹ԡ
ӷл
ΧһҲԾҪһ
æһϣӵ׶ùˡһ˵ʱ򣬴Щۡ
˷Ǳһ£һϲ͵ģС˵ġԤϵҪá
ģС˲ˡСˣɱˮܳˡ򵥵Ķ۲˸۲ҶҲʲôöû뵽⻹ôܻӭ
ʳǶɢȥӷͰʳˣֱӸſڵֵܴȥ
˰Ⱦƣ治ô緹ӷʮּʱ
ӷǼ࣬һĸζĸǸﶼԼġ
׷Цллظ硣
Ƕˡ֣ûŵζʱ򲻶ŵ֮Ͷܲˡ
ˣȷʵ㡣ظ磬Ҳ̫ʵˡôõϣʩࡣǰڸҲϲַʽģǵͷܶˡ
Զôúȡ
ӷãҲôմմϲˣֵһʺơ治С
ͷԵ֣˵ҵ࣬ԺҪǿ
ӷЦɣԺҶˡŵĳȥȡ
һ׷׿佱ظ󷽡
Ǹã
ͷȵ֣ûһ첶ͷҲˣźӷʩ࣬áҲźһ롣˵Ҳθڴ󿪣ǰô緹ڳˣͦϲġźӷóȥȡԼ۵˵һ롣
첶ͷѶ࣬ľƾֺͷֲϡʲôóԵĶԹһС񫡣
ӷ궫֮Ҳû¶ѲˣҸطһͳɡ
ӷͷһο꣬æû¶Ҫȥˡ
ȵ쵽緹ʱ¥¥¶ҪˡܶʳͶϳǼҵ࣬˼ˣҲڼǱ϶һЩͨҾˣ۸񶨵ĲʮǮԳһˣ˶ǰģֿѡ׷ĲסݹӲϸͦġ
ҲԼ㣬׷Ǯһ롣سʮǮһӹһ˳Եˡ糴ʮǮҪǮ
˵дǽϡ
һǳֳɵķ˺㣬ԣõȣʦĽӡϲ׷һڳȥԵڶڡ
Ҳĵˡ
ӷĳҪʩ࣬Ļһѡ
ģĻûͣ
һ׷üֿ첻ˡ
ߣӸʰǱˡ
˷д˵ʱֶеˡ˸æĽŲմءæʱǱյϢһЩ˶С˯һӷϴĴլǱȥ˯һ
Ͼûôˡ
Ǹвסˣôæµˣһ£ȻǮˡŵһ찡
ܶĽԣ֪Ϊֺء
ӷ˭ǼСۺá˯ɣۻˡ
ֱӷڣȻЩ˼Ǽֵһɡ
ӷ񣺡ãΪ˯
һЩƲˣѰ˼˲أֵ±⡣ֻˣƣԽԽУԵĻͣˡ


66 ֮
ڶոӿ̴,  ͿͷѾв˵ˡ
СæͰȥͷԾ˶顣
ͷĿ˲֪˶೤ʱ䣬ΪһڳԵ,  ԸĶˡǵʱ,  µ̲ѡ
СڵһĴ,  Ҫ֣տŵʱȫġԽƷԽ١
С,  Ŀˣĵĸһ¸඼ʲô
ҪϹࡣ
Сĸһ롣һСˡãҲ塣
ӹ֮л,  󻹸ӣĲꡣСĲꡣĶ
ССĺӶ˲ȣ˵ϡ
Сһࡣ
Ů˴żµʱ򡣵ԡкᡣ
,  ҲԡҪĶǲͬζԻೢһԷġ
ʲô࣬ŶŴʩһʼ˾ͽˡ
λһڸܵʵĹԵůģҪͶݵġȴǾ֮⡣ЩֻøСؤס
Ů˴źҲȫѾ˺üա˰ıˮǳԡһûһٵġڳԵ򵥵,  Щ˵
,  ôˡԼûԱ,  Ͱʣµİ˸
Ů˵϶ǡһһҲȼ˶ϣ
ҳ,  鶼
ʱ,  һŮ˴·ȻƾɣɾϵҲз첹,  ӵ벻Ҹ˵Ŵ󻧼ȱһϴˣһʮģһٳԣиסĵط
̫ˣϴǸ۵Ļе㱾µ˶ɡǰŮ˵ȴǸܺõĻᣡ
Ů˳ܾ裬ôôã
ЦˬʣҾڸǰĺͬס˼ҽûʩ࣬ľ͹ñĵضˣҲԵ֡ʵŴǱߵĹ¶Ҽݣ˵ܹȥˣʮǮǮ䲻࣬Ҳ˵¶
Ů˵ǣȥ
ɩҺġŸϲС̲˰ġ˵Ҳܰζ᲻òһŮ˵ոպá
С˳ˬڡȻˣһδĸоɩٺһࡣǶŮ˸ӶأҲ˾õȣ˵𽥶ˡ
໹һĨ죬Ů˸ӹȥ
Ŵ󻧵Ĺ¶еĺӶ֤࣬ǶܹԲҡ¶Ļǲš˺ݵһĵǮóʮǮȾơ
Ҳ˵û۳붬ˣĶȥҽϴһ԰ɡ
Ҳ֪Ǿ仰˹¶ĳ˭ϡʮģظˡŸ°ɡܺúӣԺﴩ󡣸ȥǰԺҪǳײүǣӸˡ
Ů˴źӸ¶ĿͷǷһС᷿ȻôȴǿˡϹʱ䲻Ͽȥ࣬緹ǹܡȻû䣬һܳԵͣѾ֮ǰǿˡ
¶ʶ˽Ǯ
̵ĵлµ»Ҫǻ¶ҽ
¶ĵô·
ŷֵġȥʩǳԷˡ඼ûǮ϶һˡ
¶ĵУ´˾͸˵
߸˵ˣʮǮٺһˡûǸͬء˶ųˣҪŶҲõȰ죬ֻաصңǰھӵôⰡȥô
ûаۼҲȱǵ㡣˵Ľַ
οɲһһ벻ҪǮһһǮ㰡ô͸͸ģɱԼú춼ȥŶˡǼҵ㻨Ǯ򣬶ֵ
Ǯ˼ңﻹءһҲ˼һȥи
ɣ㣬ȥŶӡ˵š
˼ˣһ˾˵׳¶úȣǵİС˶óԣˬˡ˵۲˴УҲ֪Ǹϲԣû˼ǵĺóԡ׬ʮģԼ

ӷûش壬լ˯ġһֱæͷŵĶӶͷһס
ſڵĳȡ࣬ʳиװ˴ߵġ˳ָװһ̳СˡʦֶǼС˸Ľһˮ֮СˡˬԶúá
ʦĸСಿ졣ʦСܸ̳С˷ֵСС»˵ͷȥȡû
˷С֧ȡʮģȥռϹϡϹϷڵؽＸʮ춼Ϲ඼ǵˣҪʵĶڵ㡣


67 ȫ
ӷڳլ̫ˡסĿտ,  ϻǻشˡ
˴ô̹
ӷյң˨Ӿˡ
˸,  ˲һǧ,  ۸񹫵Ǹļ,  ͷŶʻҪҪˣ
ʳⶫԽԽ,  ʳˡӲźèء
ӷҪҪһЩ࣬ÿһٽԽԽࡣ۳һһٽﶼöһЩʳڴļǮһ,  һٽӡ
ӷʮӣǧĴִҪ,  ǻá
Ȼ˵ʱҪϹϵһ㣬ϹжҪ١ָġ
ϹʮǮһ̫࣬ô򲻻㡣
ׯڰʽʲô˶֡һܽܶϹϣͷʮҲС
յļ۸񣬾ͶһǮϹ²ɶϡֻҪ۶
˨ӵɡ
ӷ˨ĹǮ,  ˨Ӹ߸˵Ļؼˡ
Ҳȥһ,  ѱһ,  СӵطľһţҪʱȥһ,  Ҳ׬Ǯ
ӷÿθ,  ҪԼС׬ǮҲ㹻ճˡ
һߡӷطˣ
С,  ܶ඼ϳʱĻͷͣѵ϶ôʵĶ϶һ緹ʱæĽŴס
ӷᶼۡϴϴ̵ġжյģ˵ģϲ˵ģӶڰæ
ӷ뼸˰ɡϣŶӵ˶ࡣһ飬н̫
һʦʦϾҪȰʱһ¾СȻ
ɡǶʩ£ۼзһûŻС׬һ㡣
õһΰ˸۸ôġ
ӷҸ峤˵һ¡
ȥɡ
ӷɶ¶ں棬Ҳƹģһȥɡ
ʵͦǿģֻǸɻʱһ˵Ҫͷ
´˵̤ʵӡ
ӷ֪ı¡ȥĻ̫׾ˣ
ӷô벻Ҫ˵ǼȻȻҲǸСܵĸӴôˣܳҵ
˵꣬Щȡ԰ɡ
ӷ˵ܸˡ
ԴӺӷᵱ˸ͷܾ֮ЩԱЩĳϣ鲻Խ㡣
ޣûıȵġʩⶼģֻҪܸˣӷǻᶦֵ֧ġ
ǵӴ峤ڼſڳ̴ء
ճɺãһʳʣµ˸ü۸
ǮӾӲԭǮһĺҶӡҲͷǮһĺ˿ˡһȥ̵ģ
ӷŰ̴Ա߿һģôأƬûɶòˣ¡
ӷǳˡ
ˣϲһţྡӷӴ峤˵ŻûסҲ˵ʲôء
ӷ˲ãŶ೤ʱ䰡ſڶܹϼˡȫĽ
ϵҲ˳ӷ䣬ᣬǼСȻѿ룬ڼÿҲԽԽϡ
˼Ӿǵ˳ƵãԽԽá
ӷõˡѰ˼˭ǹ͡۴һʮǮٷˣˮƽûñȡ
ӷصţǮҳ
Ӵ峤һ£аڴҲţǮ޲ôˣȥæһá˵һʮǮĶˡӸϱء첻ҵ˴ţ٩ɽ׬ء
Ҳͷ죬ţֻ֮ܡ
Ӵ峤öˣ
ӷһʮ˰ɡӴ峤һ˼Ծ˵㣬ô
ӷûءԻô峤æɫһ°ɾģܸɵˡ
峤дϲǺӷء
ʶ֪Ըʱ˭˭˵㡣峤ˡӷỹ˴ÿ쿪꣬õĲࡣЩȥˣҲԴ׬СǮ
һôﲻ׬ǮӷɽĢҰ֮ġӷеؽͷŵܲײ֮ҲҪˮ˸ӷᣬҼһ˶ı֮ǰ˵㡣
ӷԴ峤ⶼ⡣
Ӵ峤˼ϸǳɣҾͰһˡ϶ҺõġӷӴ峤ʱ͵طҪȥţʽ˵ˣţȥϸ
ӷһߡ
·ϣһֱ͵ӷᡣİź⡣
ӷܷԼϱһֱеˣǲֳֻܱг˲עʱ͵͵С֡˵ĶӶˣճǻء
ڶ죬ӷǸ΢һ㡣˵ط֮ʱںԺһ¶̨Ѽǿڴ֧
ûһͽȥӻûӪҵͷѾв˵ˡ
ųˮʮ˵ġ
Ӵ峤ľҵ˶ǴܸɵˡĸСӡˡоӴ峤Ķӡ
ӷ˿ʱࡣֳ˸ɩһˢ롣ˣжգӻ
ĸСӣӷȥſ֧һͬʱʼʩ࣬ٶȱƽտһҪ̫áſڰڷ߰˸СʡҪ£Ҳͷԡ
ĸСãСרŸ˷ϸһʩ࣬ССʹһʩࡣ
̨ͬʱ࣬Ҳʦһ㡣
ʦӣǰæȥһ档
ûһˣѸٵΧ
ʮææ򡣿Ҳõ̫ˡԣߡûϹֵζϰգˣˣСؤвӷܹࡣֵģ̫ܿү˵ˡ


68 в
̫үҵӷ,  ͺӷᣬʵҸ,  Ժӷü̻,  ˵ҵ֡
ӷȫʩ໨˵СǮ,  Ķķɿ졣Ѳĳɱ˸߰˰ˡ
ټ緹ϵľˮ,  һ˵ĳɱҲˡ
̫үسּҵĵҪʲôʹǱãѾкˡ
лˡӷʵĵл
ּҸ̫үͶ״ͷĸɹ,  ̫үϰ֮һ
ӷȷҪһЩ̺˺ҪʲôǮ󶼹ڵϺˡ̫ү˾ʵ̫ˡ
̫үԺӷҽ첶ͷЩû˰Ĵ޳ǽ
ӷЩ΢,  ۿҪ붬ˣ޳ǽǸصĳǽʮǰ޵ģɳʴ˶꣬ϳ¥ʱЩ߽ǵĵطѾˡȷӦ޽Ѿˣôö˶˵
ӷֻ΢һ£Ȼ͵áһʼ޽¥е˶Ҫæ
̫үϲӷ¡¶ִ,  Ҳʡ
Ժӷ֪ΪʲôҪʳ
ȱÿ궼,  µ˸Ǻ顣ɽҲв,  زģ׬һ겻Լõġ
նϱ,  ˵ʳسǵ֡
µ˶˵,  ̫ү֮ôսΪէΪÿ
ӷҲһôΪ˿̫үҲ˵ʵ²֪
̫үһͬʿ,  ȥࡣȫ仯˵дѩ׳ѩ֪֡дš
ӷЩɫ
Դûѩ֣Ϊļ仹һ˴ġʲôһֻöˡΪĸ٣ԽʳԽȨ
ﶼһȺˣҪôóףҪôһЩ˵ѩ֣ȥġܶ˲׵ģ̫үҲţͬѣҪ׼
̫үʦүǵͷߣ첶ͷȻ˳ſڵˣ¶˷ϰյĿֻšȥӷᣬĵϵ꣬ʩƾ١ǴϻǴƷϣܿ
Ͱʵӷ˵ˣ̫ү£ֻͬһ˽ˡ·һǰ㣬ֻˡ
ӷãҪʲô𣿡
̫үϲӷĴˡ»ãԺٲҪʱ򡣡
ӷݵ͸ˡ
ûͱʦү¸סˣסӷȥʦүһˡ
ʦү֪ӷ̫үˡżɽ̫үʲôˣ
ӷ̫ү˵ǽʧޣҪɳǽ
ʦүһЦһȻǴطģһ㲻֪ļࡣӣﲻ̫ʹ죬̫үɵԽãԽԺӷԺ̫ү۸˵ʲô㶼ҡ
ʦүֻһЦݣ֪Ǹˣ̫үǿиӡĸɲܱȵģҪ㡣ĿһתЩϬ˵и顭Ҫǿ˵ģۡ
ӷɫһ䣬ʦүҶͻС
ʦүãԺӷҲ̫ģҲ˵˵ֻҪ˾ߣסһˡȻ˻֣Щƣ֮ɫҲˡͰѺӷˡ
ӷʦүķ䣬廹Щ΢ķʦүղŻΪŵġʵҪԼµġ
ȻȻҪˣʦүȻöвܲʹ졣
ʦүǸͷ
Ӧúúõʰһ¡ʦүһҪ̫ү£˲ضܵ
ӷһƬհס
·С۸кظá
û
Ū˻ͦȡһ۵˭ˣƺˣҪɱһ
ҲôһתͷˡصӣȥֺȾȥǱĸģ̬һģȥˡ
ӷصԼլӣҪһ¡ʦүĴУҲ岻ġǮȨټ϶Ӫϵ²¡
ӷҪֱ췽ҹ̷첲ȵġҪʦүγֻҪʦүǸλʱƾ˭
ӷϵıĪ⣬˭Ҳ֪Щʲô
лҪ˵Ԥһ£Ĵµף³ᡣ


69 
ӷ֪,  ʦүطչô׵вɲֵĹϵ
ǿҸǮģȰĶ£,  Ȩѹ,  ԦֶΡ
ʦүݵ̫,  Ͳֻһʦү,  Ϸ年ᣬҪ;档ֻҪ̫ܵүӾˣȨǮ,  ʵʲô
һСȫõ£ͷȴֱһ̫үθġ
ʦүƽɽһɷǵģټغٸ˱¶,  һ˻治֪ʦүϲĶ
ӷʦүϲľ㣬ȨǮ
̫үʱʦүգȫ̫үİšֻǸʦүҪаʹ飬̫үкܶ಻֪̫үʹ֮õһЩ,  Ȼʦүܿˡ˸վһȨ,  еˮݵ˼̫үƽղʦүƽϡʦүȴԾԾ̫ү档
ӷ,  뿪լӡûлصҲûȥšȥнԽԽ,  Ȼĵط
û̡
һ,  ŵһɣʮͷȫף֪ĻΪʮءӷǿ״ʦү
һ,  񶼱ˡúӷ˵
Ϻ࣬Ҳȥֻϧһò绨ĹŮ
һŮټ󣬿˼ҳôòĹȴͽˡ
ŮϽֱҵӿˣȥָ˼Ҿϲָɾң֮ŮܲѰ̼ȴˡúõһﱻộϹ۾
Ϻƴһȥ״湨ˣʦү˻ȥһµȸȳˡϺ֪ʦүǴһӵˡ״ʦүԩܸȰˡ
״ſڵʦүⲻѰ·ô
ϺջǱȰˣһûáˣô죿
ʵǲʣΪʦүĺȺ֮ҵ˲޼ɵ
о嶼ëˡ
ӷ벻״ʦү밡ô룿ȹ㣬ƴҪͬھҲáϧʦүͷ̫߶ǸˣΡǰ󿸽ӵĸټϸߵ£λһȳȵϺ޷
ϺڶҪ¸ĥˣֻҪʰʦүʲôС
ӷ˵˼䣬뿪ˡ
˵ڶ죬ǶϹȥ޽ǽҪû˰֯޽ǽשҤרƳģһשͳһٽңͷҲܴһשҪǮǽĻŴ֭
˵̫үҲ첶ͷ˭һŲ١
Ϲֻ˼áѲ֡
޽ǽҪЩû˰ҪһЩ׳ʾ˵һʮĹǮȻ֪޽ǽǸһʮĵļ۸񣬻ǺЩˡ
ȥӷ̺˶һ룬ȻĿʼˡ
ûһ̫үȻˣҲ֪ǴϹ˵ǰй޳ǽľ顣˿̵۲ҲۣһҪ޽Ľʵ
⼸ʼָӴҸɻ
̫үûߡ
е۶ָ̫үȻġ
ûһʦүСιˡ
̫үģʦүͷ̫үſ֪Χϰղ֪޳ǽĴ¶ܶ˶֡ʦүʱͿʼֹ
ʦүȴȻ粻ĺȻѾӷ˵ˣ̫үԴһҪ޳ǽ¶ûϣһ翴ﶼûˣ󲿷˶Ū޳ǽȥˡ
޳ǽɲһСãǰ󻨷ѲҪǧӶһһǮǲӦø˵һԷûʦүоԼܵӣĺӶҪˡ
̫үĸǰˡѵҪЧЩӹ޵ĹԱôûǮľٶ˲ƣĺˣȻ̫ү޽Ĵ¶飬ͱˣ
߾˲Ĵ졣ϷڣҲ˵ԷΪ̰Ÿɵġ
̫үȻƽʦүҲʲôƢײŭ˵˵Ϊúá˵ǽѵ˷ɳͬһڲޣȳ顣ܸô
ʦүûѣĶ֪̫үǣֻڤ粻顣̵صΪ˵ôΪ˸ĹͲһʣȴҪϰյԹ޽ǽ˶¶
̫ү󵨣˭·ϣ
ӷһˣԶԶġ
첶ͷû취Ϊ˴ֻ֡ӲͷƤǰȰܡ
ΧæɢΧֵϰգ̫үʦү¶ܿʹˡ
ʱиС˹͵͵İ鱨첶ͷܹһɵˡ첶ͷ̫үʦүһء
תͷһûҵ¶ˣֻùȥ
λͷϣ첶ͷͷƤ顣ʱСۣ첶ͷʱˣ۶ﶼ¡ĶôûɫͷࣿûҶô볯Сһƨɡ
ǵλͷĿ棬û취ô
̫үˡʲô¶ż˶ڳߡʱ϶¡
С죬֪ôڣǻƵã˵
ʦүľ콲
첶ͷһԼѾǵλҲæߴ١
СҲû˽̵Ӧô˵񱻴ߴٵĺˣһֻðʵ˵ˣˣѲֵʱ¶
̫үüͷţ
ʦү̫ү͸ˣ²ǻǮŪǽһ±֪ˡ
Ҫʲôʷģʱãˡ
̫үʲô
С͵͵ʦүһۡ
ʦү׽ˣеֵֹġûߴС۰˵ˣ˵Ҫ״ʦү˵ʦү˹ҵӣӹүǿŮسǲǹҵ£
иֵġϭʦү˵˹˵߹
Ž١һű֣Ѿֵسǡſһµ˶ûУ˹
ʦүɫɺתתҲֻƬ̵Ĺջֻء˭뵽ת˲֮ʽֱת¡
ʦүһɺԣЩ֪ĶЩȥʥ飬ǳﳯ͢ˡˣЩͳͳץ
̫үͿʦүʦүԣһֱָֻŵģʦүʰ˿侮ʯĺʱ
̫ү첶ͷӷᣬʦүһȥֽ޳һ¡ҪȴšϳǶˡøϽ̬


70 ɰ·
Ǹϵʱ,  Ѿۼ˲ˣȦϰգȦ,  мһϺ
Ⱥв֪˭˵һ̫үˣ
ʦү
ֺȺ֮,  ôŵĶ
ޡ
ʦүƤǵͨ,  һڼ,  ﴦżӣû뵽ſڸˡ
̫үΪ֣
Щмֹģ̫үԲ¹,  վһ˹˹ֵѧһ׮ƽ£λɵỤ̊ˡ״ȴʦү״һ,  Ӻң⣬ܺȴˡʣɷƶǷڣã˭£
ӷԱ߿Ҫơ˵мֵʶֱʸĸ١
Ƕʮ꺮ҲδܸСҪ˲,  ǿɾͲһˡϭһ,  Ҳûܱ֮ȵˡ
̫үŶ,  д£źӷ첶ͷã˰
ڳŷһҵ
ʦүɫԽÿ,  ֪²ɴ⡣¶,  ҵҲжϵġȻغңҲʹ£ȫƾ˶ᡣ
⼸仰˵Ư,  Ҳ˵Щʲô
ʦүЩ߷ӳæͷǴѾʼˣҪͷ˾۽ͷλذɣв֮⡣
ЩЩԥ֪Ǹ߻ǸǸΪ׵ҲûáϺҲ벩ֲѾﵽˡ¶Ҫһ߶ȡһˣ˵ķС
ʱϺλӣܸлΪִԣȽΪ׵ģұز֮
Щ˵ѪӿΪܻһְٰģʱյδţ̸ʡ
Աߵǲߣ
ǣǲˣйȻΪʲôǿ
Ҳٵġ
ԣǰ
ΧϰҲΪЩ˼͹ľ˵ĺãǶˡ
ġ
˵Щһͦţ϶Ź⡣
ʦүˣһҪҧˡˣͷΧЩ˷Ǵֲ¶
̫үľصһ£ྲ
һѻȸ
̫ү¶ʦүһǣջȥ޽ǳأΪ˰պá
ϰղԣ˿ʦүֿ˿ȳϺ֪Ӧվ˭
ʦүӵĿ̫үһۣû뵽̫үȻ˵
ܿӡ
Ϻ˵£ͷΧ۵ϰҲǷŭѡ
̫үйʻ
¶˵ˣʱѾ˶Կڡ˿̹ڵϣһھĺԩ
ǸǮŮңͼҪǮɣ״ҡˣϣһٻ̾ͱ˵۵Ŀ˼ͷ
˵Ūƿԡ
Χ۵ϰնٶеţԼԼ¶ǾûȻԷ˵ôƶĪģ
Щģ˵⻰ֻΪŷ˵ѾԶ㲻ͷϡ
ӷҲ޳ܵıݸ𾪵ˣȻ˼ҳ˲һô̵ʱܰһжŵװס
Ϻּᶼ˵㡭ôܵߵǷǡ
ѪˣҪǮôβֵô˲ð˵ɣҪ١
̫ү󵨣ǹãҲпڡ»ҪġȻһ˶Ѻá
ͷɢˡ
˱˼
ǰһӣ˵סĵ䣬ͷéݶ»ġ
Ϻûôˣ氤é߽ͳš
ʦүŵġ״ҪǴֵ̫̫үʱҪ͵͵ɱ˴ˡ
ʦүһ̫үϣ̫үҲҪл
ʦүȥ̫ү
ӷȥ
ЩÿڼţЩһ飬ŷͺУŲյĵطûͷӡ֪ӷһˣټϺӷỹϸµ˷µ˶ȥǱߡ
ӷС˭
ȺиʮСϲЦտͷҡ
ӷţתת
СлͬһģȴֵУѾߵСͷĿˣ
ӷѯһһжˣƷΡ
Сһʲôʲô϶ҪˣǱĵʱ򣬰һе֪޲޲ĸ
ӷǸŷϺηôˡпмҵľ˾ˡ
СһæãһҾ͸徻ηϾͻ
ӷҪ鷳Ͳˣ¶ϾʦүйϵҪǱ˹ֲõġ
СҾ˵εˡûжܸܲŪɣʱҲýߴʱ䳤ԸЩȻһס
ӷ˵ͷܲ
С⻰ǵͨ졣Լʶˡظ磬֮ǰΪˣҪõҵĵطҿ϶û
ӷļģǴҪӷҪʲôʣǰ˵
СӦֻǺӷĿ顣
ºӷ¶²أ
Сӷỹ˵䡣
ͻȻһ󡣡ʳүʲôʱôµĶŵĶҪˡ
סηȻãηܶ࣬ұѺ˴ķ˺ܶġ
սʱСʱ䳤˾;˸ˬĶĶɧζղץһˡһ֣ûˡһ춼ˡ
СüͷûȻүҲû˵
ӷҲû˵ʲô뿪η
ߣη߾ͷŷˣǳԵľײˣˮʲôûšһһӲͷĻʳԾͶš
Եľͺöˡó͵һˡԵǲ׷⳴ײˣͷĴָͷĴأһͶմϣһѿ
СһԵĺ÷Ͼʱӡǹȴʶôⷹýž͸ˣʲôƷˣǼ˶ԡ
СЩԾͶţѾĶˡ
Сһݺ÷˸ϺӣںӷϡϺлǶĺˣԷ
صϣӹĶԵǸûзˡеŭһֱżأǸּﶼǮҹϵŪˡ϶Ҳʱȥ裬ȥֺȾƵг̶źˣͷ춼ˡ
ԽԽżǺɤӶðҲûֶֿ۾ðˡ
϶ĲҵȷǮ˸̫ү˷Ż˭ҲܰŪߡִ󣬲˹ע¡Ҫǹ˱ˣǿЦˡ
Ҳ֪˼⣬ֻùͷ졣ȶȽȥˣٻǮ̳
鹨֪ϴһƬϤϤǷŴǸүĶܵסϵĥˡ
ѺĲֻһϸƤүЩɱ˷Ż׼Ĵͽͽȫףʲô繨ǰ£үǡҹ˹Ϳʼ˵绰
үߣԷ˹ɤŴԸϷһ
۾ˡټϹҵ˳ٳٲѾˡ

ӷֻ֪Ϻһǰ᲻ʦүġʦүϾӪô꣬ʲôèŪ˵ġ
ǺӷѾҪʦүˣưոݡ
ӷصãɫѾˡֵǲŴӳǽǱ߻ƽɢˣ䲻Ҫȥ޳ǽΪ̫ү޵ġ˭Ҳ衣ôʵĸһ죬ȫ۵졣
ӷ֪ʦүиõڻֵ֡ǣʦүȥ˻֡һܾȵӡ
ۼֲ֣˺ӷ֮⣬ⶼĳ͡ʲô
ʦүǰȥΪ˭Ӻ˵ţһҲ²
ӷӲڱ˵ʲôǲ⡣һֵܣ˵ԣĹϵ׽һЩ
л˸ǼǵĺûԺӷȥҶȥɽǡ
Ҷûֵ¿ľƷоƣз˵ǵ˸
Աߵ˭֪ۺظǺˣɩĺò㻹ɩ㡣
лֵ̾ģҿûظ绨ƵءǱߵ˰ȶΪ˷ɵĵطҲֻ¶
лϴθֳȥһΣĻ̹ͦġʺæһġ
лǮôСô̹ȫֵǰǻͶұʦүʵˣҲȥǷɡרŵƮƮء˳չʾԵʵ
٣ʦү죬Ƥˡ˴Ȥšһ˵ʦү¶ȫûϣ첲ôšùء
һͣ̾ʹӦˡ
ӷʦүҲȥֵط
Цˣʲô˵ˣԽûˡ˵ʦүʮС檡ʦүƽװŮɫӣû׼˵Ļء·ֱȥ֡
ֵݺݺ໹治٣߱Ȱ컹֡ǰһӣˮŮ˵ЦòȴûǮǹߵĹﲻپվڽϷֵĿˣ֬۵ζǺͷۡ
һ·ϼΪˣϿء
лźӷ첽ĹȥȥҶ洫ĵȼ˹Ҫ࣬ȻɵĶһĹ
ϵллүλǣ˷ֺӷҲǸӢˣĲſžϲ
лкүͺáû˵䡣Ҳ֪أүáֽλǡ˴ȥɹǺȺȾƣġ
Ӧˣæй˸ߣԺӷ⿴еүƮƮһүˡ
лɱ˭֪ƮƮʦүˡʦүأ
ʦүɫһԺһˮˡ
л֪ӷûֵطҪӷῪۡͷأ
ĸӴлүҲϿˣô˵ⲻеĻͷֲǴײˣĶб˰ֻƮƮһˡ
ӷŶлѡǰĹȥ˱ɹȥˡҲҶһɫɶɣˣĸѺӷ˶ͷϡ
ĸƮƮҼҹ˫ʮ껪ϲſģʦүˡһͷƳѱʮһȹﶼ׬
Ϊʦүܺ黨أ˭ʦүҪΪȴʹӡһƮƮʦүмֹϵҲͬѥ֮áƮƮûϸġһûʮӳͨɡ
ƲʦүûǮʲô
ӷ·ĸ˵Ķġô룬ǹô룿
ͻȻ㸡͸ɴ洫һŮô롣ҶڶаŵġӷһƮƮͿ˰Σʮ⡣ĸЦˡ
ӷżƮƮȷЩ֮ɫ
ƮƮҲֻͣôyin֮ɫӷֱ̫ˣȫǻߵˡƮƮӴУΪ£ֱӸ֪
ӷһ㶣ƮƮȻϻۡܵͷȻǲͬѰ֪ǸΪԼȡˣôϴʦүǸϹײȿӣǱʦүġˣĿﵹһˡ


71 
ӷƮƮ򵥵˵껰,  뿪
ڶһ磬Ƕȥ޳ǽˡ̫үҲ֪ƽµЩʲôСûܿ϶ɢԭΡȥһ,  ҸɻЧʺܸߡ
͹ҪѳǽμӺͼӹ̣ɻҲۡ첶ͷῸʯͷɻ,  ֻҧЧ,  ܱܲ첶ͷͷɡڳĳ˺ӷǰɹ֮,  ˸ûʵ˾Ť
һֱæ硣Ǻôۣǲ˿ǻص΢Ϣ˲¶ĵģ
Ҳ˲಻࣬һһ۵һ
ӷɫ糣,  һ˲ٵĺһˮϴϴϴ֡ȻʼԳķˡ
õĸǵ֣һ˵ʦүôûأ
ǰʦү̫үȻϣӵʱûٹ
ôĶûͷϰ˵죬ϡ
ʦүµʦүҪ,  ֪˭òҶſڡˡ
˵ʱԱ,  Ͱ¶мֹ˼˭ôĵӣ¶ľһϺѾѺˡ
˭֪أʦүƽſװ¸,  ¶,  ʧӡ
ӷͼһѵ˹ظ磬ȥɣˡ
˶ʱȵĿ
ӷô¶,  ̣
Ķ̡岻УһͿ°ĭˡǴ¶Ҳɱ˸ϵæˡ
̫ү๤ڴ̫±ɹһ죬类ȥˡ첶ͷ̫үˣҲ뿪ˡΨһ¶ľǺӷˡ
ӷȥ
ļ£ҪӷһȥǸվ˫ȶӷǽûԣǶϢ
һ˸ȥ
˼εʱѾ˸̧˿տĵط˻شõĴҽˡ
ӷϵʱСġظ磬ǿһû֪Ϊʲô
ӷʲôʱֵģ
ոɷʱ򡣡
򿴼ӷߣǾŭ֮£˸λԼġӣһһҹûԶ
ӷоô
ϴУֻǰҩȽ鷳Ҫ
ӷ鷳мҩ
ϴһд˷Сҩͯȥҩ
ӷСտš
С֮ǰµĲУ̯ʲôΣ񿴼ӷỹ㵭ȻҲ˲١
ӷճȥСؤղŵʱӷͿˣֻǰСԱ߲㣬ȥһͬСؤҲŽˡ
ǺӷİڣǸʩӸСؤǵ±Щ˶ܸмӷῴСˣǰ˵пõǵĵط
Сؤ֪αӷһ֮أΪáһֱӷϵǣ
ǰСؤʦүһȥҶˣûһͼǵĹ깫ܳ˵ʦүҪƮƮС⣬һߴΡ
ӷ˻ô
Сؤͷ
ӷĺܺá󻹴ͳʮģһʮġ
Сؤû뵽Ϳˣ͸ŶõǮ˵лһǡǸʲô𣿡
ӷԶԶı˷֡ЩСؤСڽͷµġһ˶顣
˭Ƕˣһ˻Ӳѡ
ƮƮѾʼˡǶļƻĥʦүľԷǸεεˣʱʱһ£˳Ȥ
ƮƮﻹ˺ӷһ˼顣ʦүȻԺŮ˶࣬СҲġʱͷˣҲѸϡɫޱѿƮƮﻹ˵ʦүһҩۡ꾫񿺷ܣɫҲˣ
ټ⸱ӣҲ䡣ƮƮ뾡ʦү󣬲źڻͷ֮λ
ʦүֲ˳ĻȥһЩοƮƮһľľ͸죬ӷԸ
ӷСؤ˵껰ֻ֮ص˼У˸ղǸ䣬ȥ̫ү¶
̫˸̵ģý
ȥſڸ˵һ£һȥʦү档
СȥҸ֪
ûһ˶֪̫үͷ๤еź˽Ҫ˯һ˴Ρ
ͲͷʱҲסˡȥµˡ
Ҷֻ˺ӷᣬ첶ͷ֪ȥĶˡʦүҲڼң¶ľֻкӷһˡ
ӷѾҩȥڻԣڡ֪ͨ˹ңóʲôҪˡ
̫үͷĺܺáҿ߻һģȻҪ¶ˡ
ӷǡֹ
̫үԺӷӣôʲôֱ˵
ӷʦүȥ˻֣ʱһҪǱˣáʶȵΡ
ȴ̫үԽһϹٶڸɻ¶ʦүǳġңˣһ͵ˣ֪߳ܡ
˵Żˡ
ǹϲԪӷһο򺣵׵ڱ˳ûͦ񡣴˿ݺ᣺ˣǲϸ鷳ˡҴȥúҽΰɡܸʲôôһٵˣڿɾˡ
̫үҲӹܹǸֵɽֻǵϧһƬ¶֮飬£δ꣬ʱпܻᴫҹӵװƭ٣ʱﲻġ
ϲԪллˡ
̫үԺӷȥʦү֣Ҳڱˡ
ӷǣ˳ݡ
ϲԪǺҲ֪⻰רŸģû취ޡÿʦүڼһͱŪӣʦүȥƵء
ֱǸһĶ⡣
ϲԪŭ˿̸ҪǰѶӴء̫үĿȥˡ̧ΰ˻ȥ
ӷȥҶȥʦүֱӱ¥ǲһô赲׳ˣӲ˽ȥ
ʦүͷɢģƽȫͬӷˣʦүˣ˴ã̫үŭ̫үءϽȥɡ
ʦүԺӷԵ޹ʴǳŭĻҲһͻͻŮ˺ڸǰȥúӷ˵һ顣
ӷٴ˵һ飬ʦүҲһѾչ˹ˣҪҴѰͷ˷ų˭빨ôãһҪˡ˿ɲˣҿ϶Ҫ
˲££ͷ·Ьӣӷᴳôˣ첽Ļȥ
ͽӷƮƮٴⷬ˺ӷһҩۣʦүոѾһˡһ㡣
ӷл
ƮƮãҲΪԼ
ӷתȥҩ۵ʱȥҩҩǼҩ˵ҩҲ֪ʲô
ӷȥʱֵʿϴοˡһ֪ӹĲ
ֵʿӷкԴɽ֮Ӿ
ӷͻȻҩ֪ʲô
ֵʿȻˮҲ֮ͨ᪻ˮƽһôЦǺǵĵŶơȿͷҩ۵ʱɫһ䣺үôֶ


72 ʦү
Ҳõ˵,  ֵúӷȥӡ
Ǹѧнûյģ,  ڱð˸ӣɽӲԶȡöҲ㡣
ӴмСͯ,  ֵʿѺӷ䡣
ү,  ɲ˳԰ֵʿҾͿ,  ʯɢ˵ӸǰϷӲһζ֮࣬ɶݵˬȴ඼ˡ
ֵʿȻҲϲһЩǮֻͼ,  õҲġһʵҲָܾˣǮá
ʯɢڸа
ֵʿ߶ضس߶ͬƽҲȾƣ˵ҪԿǮܺ,  Ϊǳþõȥ
һһʺ,  ʱ۵ûԣɾˡ
ֵʿ֮ǰΪǺӷڷ,  һ,  ӷѯʵģ˵֪£˵øεԳʦ
ЩҲϹģ
ֵʿ˵ò,  ӷԼĺҲϵá
ֵʿӷᣬүܲȥñѴץˡ
ӷԣšʯɢʱӺͷõڣ뿪ˡ
ȥãһȥǶ뿴һĿ
ӵظ磬ˣղ̫ү˺ôĻ𡣡ŭʦүǶҴҲҽȥȰ͡ͷˤˡ˶ѰǲˣҲһˡ
˸˫һ̨¡첶ͷڣõѡǺӷᡣ
ղҵʱǶ̫үʦүŪ
ӷ֪֮󣬵ֵţͳͳȥ޳ţ⣬˭Ҳ͵
һӷᷢٴ⡣Ͻ뿪ˣǿɲ͡һҪǱ˷֣ǿɾͳڻˡ
˺ӷ⻰뿪ˡ
ӷ̫ү䣬Ȼصǽ塣ʦүƽտ̫үǽڱѵҲһ졣
ӷȥʱʦүźۼ˿ӷˣͷѾȥ޳ˣҪҪȥ
ʱĸոպã̫ү˶ˣµˣȥɡ
ûʦү뿪ˡʦү־޴ټһֱڷҩҲЩסˣһΡӷסˣӷ˲Ǹ˼ҲҪ尡
ʦүҲ˲ϸӷˣղŵһҲͷ˵ȻŪ㣡Ҫάأⲻ֪ղ˵ĻȫŶˡ
ʦүá
˭֪ʦүճȥЩҲ֪˵ѾųȥˡǿɲˡȻǱ˵Ϊžٵġ
ʦүڵģķζҪըˣЩ¶ˣŻ˵衣
ҲܸӲӲ
Щһŭ죬ϴΰ֧ˣתͰ˸ˣĲݡ
ʦүʦүŤͷߣҲŭˣץס
˱׳嶯ץסʦүʦүݵˣƽ߶öΧߣĽη򶼲ˣȻƾ⼸Ƕϲܽġ
ʦү֮ǰʯɢĺܣӲ⼸ǯˣһһżͳһۣʦүһ
ʦүһҽС
ҩĵطѪӡеɵˡ
Ǹ۵Ҳľˡߵ˵ΪءǱһ˵ģ
ʦүڰ˶ֳ֪¶ˡ
ȥ
̫үһ̽дҽΡ
̫ү⼸Ǹҩ۵˶ˡ
ֹܿʹĶʦүʹ࣬òǻָˡ
ΪԱòҲڿ֮УǾ޷ʦүġ
֮ɵˡ
̸ץȥץҩ۵ˡûһˡԼĪʮҵҩۣ
һüһ綾
˵ⶾģֺУϲȥڱһլĿжĺۼڳЩۣ͸ȥһͱץˡ
һ˫ɷǶĶҩû֮ˡˣ߱˶ʮӹѺηȥɼ
˿ʦүʶʲô֮󣬷Ĺ˺ˣﻹƽׯصӡ
񫷭ˣûһֺֽ
ǷӦ͸аһߵĸΡΡͳһЩҩڱһ£ʦүȥ̹һЩ
ͷ֪ʲôʱѾɢˡ
̫үıʸŪһʱ֪ӦЩʲôӷ͵͵ѵˣ¶ˣżվͳô¶᰸Ϊá
̫ү˶ȥϺĹŮ˶
¶һƬĺ䶯
̫ү˺ݣͨ뺣˱뵽Զʧ
ѹͱ˲ȥá
ͷϰҲ࣬Ҳ˺ܶˡ˵֮ǰʦүָܰæءһûʦү˵Ǹ˹־ʦүһʱҲܵ𺳡
ǷŮ˹˹ҧôܻηŮף˷ֿˡŮ˿ȴˣԭԭĽˣαǿռеġʲôΧʲôˣ
ϣϵ̫żǺ˳
ͻȻͷ˵֤ҵȷүק
ǰЩ꣬÷̵ŮҲɱˣ˵Ҳйϵ˭֪үˡ

̫үæָ֤֤ԴһðͷҲ׷֤
һĹҲˡˣԩǴ˿Ѿû
ϲԪѾ죬վҶ¶ǧжǻãֻǿԸŮҳŵΪŮһӡԸԭҶҳһӣѰ˼һӶ׬һӡ
飬Ҳնϼꡣ
Ǻӷһ£ǳ·õһ뿪˵أط
ڹӡʮӣЧȡ
ŲȥͿ޵ĲСȥѪʵʵʮӣˣҴߵġ
ǹѾˣ漰һ׮¶ʦүӰ
ʦүѾˣá
һ仰ߣŮɧȻ˼Ϊβұˡ
Ůģ⻰ֱͷײĶӣʦүײ໽С
̫үҲ֪ʦүǲˣ󵨣ǰ˴ȳں񻹲֪ڸģȥְλʮ壡
ƾʲôңʦүŭˡ
̫үû򰡡ʦүס˵ʲôòסʮ壬ʦүûסʮʱһغˡ
ʱ򣬺ӷˣʦү֮Ի᷸ΪʯɢĶѾ
̫үԽúӷ⣬ʦү˶Ĵܰ˴ˣȻǲкͬۡԭպĶҲ÷ֱ档
̽ȥȻʦүѳܶʯɢ
ֵֽʿѯʴ£ֵʿʯɢΣ˵˳Ҳʮ壬ĻʦûӾ˵ʵ
ֱѺһǧ
Ū̫꣬үŽ˰ʦүᡣҲȻ
ӷ˺ͷ󻼣뿪ãֱȥȻȻ˽ӣżհѺӽ˻ַ˵£վͰѺͻأַӴӦˡ
СȻııܹ
ӷѶӱһڡ
СȻЦ㡣
ӷ˶һڡСȻ۾ˣǲǣ
ӷӿһ£۾Ҳɬǡ
СſҲ㡣


73 ؼ
ӷѶӱؼ,  ڼء
СԺﴦŵƮζ
ϰȥӷĵæش֮ȥɹȳ˱𣬴󲿷ʱڼҡ
ӷ,  㿴˭ˣ
Ϳˣ۾ʱųϲĹâСӿҲ,  ˩סСƵ,  һѣСӵ͸
ӷѶӷڵ,  յܹȥһѾͱסȡ
Ժӷôˣ
ӷˣ⻰˵ֱ׳Ȼ̲סͷ飬عⲻǵô
ӷȻô˵ͻȻ,  ϵϲضزסӷҲ磬ʲôô㣿
ڵصĴ㣬ûؼ˱ӡ
СȻ˽ӸԲôõģһ˵ͲˡСá
˶һڣһ춹,  ˻Ƿ۽ȥ򡣹Լɺ춹С,  ÿԸӳԡ
ӷȻȻܸɡȥϴȥӡ
ӷ˵Ӿͻһ,  Ҫͻȥ,  ɻӷʲô¹϶ӶܸҶӿ϶û⡣ŤͷСȻǲǣ
С̴ӦˣͦСš
ѺӰŵװˣҲ˵ʲôˡںӷİ,  СȻϴ֡ѼĴóһҪʯƸӰ˸СʡԱ߷һĺ춹Ѷӵ˷ڸɾ
ӲˣټһסһŪ̫ࡣ
Сһֻʯƿʼɻˡ
ԱһοǰǸСӤء񳤴ˡ
ӷ˲ע͵͵һڣ¶ӿЩ˼˺ӷһۣȥ˳ĳأʵǲˡ
ӷҲȥˡ
ովϴ֣˵ҪСô棬ǰ⣬ӷܺá
´αŪˣѧҪҪǺżңҪӴĵġ
ӷ֪ҲôһΡ
ӷܻϲȴҪôķǣӵġٵ棬ѷҪһϴְڻƽɹˣñġǶӻ˼ӣһ£֡
ӷҲǸӣ˵ôܣһڣҾ㡣
ڵһ˵
ӷ㣬öӿˡ
Ҳûӣһ¡
ӷᱻϱףѪڵģʰСϱȴû뵽ŰԼ븶ܰ˷ſ
ûһϸ˵СϸɻءźӹԹԵģ˵Ķð
æ
ӷܣ⺢Ӿ͵ö˵۴ﻹмͲСˡ
ϵꡣ
СȻԹԵĸ̵ĴˡԽǲɣԽǳܡ
ӷ嶼ᵽͷһŪɳڶְŶӵּǡ춹ɳ̫ϸ壬ͷһЩӵĸоӷᰮġ
ǴҩӴڶӷԱߦɺʵƤϴְŰ
񻹵ÿ̨ӣӷ˼СڹͣһԲĵķŽȥĸ涼Ҫһͱɷεĸ㡣ܿĸ涼ˣŸ̳Ӻͷһһ롣
һָҪҧһڣ˵óԣӷҧǰھͳԽȥƤ;ݲǺ㣬һٳԣֻеͣ
ܿΧӳӱӣĴ㱻ĺζԱ߸̣СȻˣڳڳԱӡӷϲӰԷӡ
ӶӳԵ̫죬šԣû˸
ӷûԼڣʱʱιĴԵĸɸɾʣպ˱ӡ
ϰѵĶװ˶ٸַӴȥԲҲԸǼӲ͡ⶫͷ춼ỵ
ϣǰӷᶼǰѺԼСϣȴͬöӸһ˯׶ӡ
ǰҲûôᡣ
Сеģܵ˺ӷϲ˷ܵĲ˯§Լأ
òװѺӸ˯źӷᡣ
ӷҺӣܲϡôӷҲϡ㡣
УȾһ㵭֬ɫתƻ˯ɣҪͺȥء
ӷ͵Ϩˣ§ס


74 ڻ
ڶӷѶ͹ȥ,  ˳ѳԵҲַӣ͵Ǹһ»ʳ
֮ӷţȥʩˡ
ԴӴ˹ȥæ֮,  ͲôˡĥڸǵԱһķӣЩסڵ,  Ӻϲ˳̸,  ۿҪ,  ûȿ϶ס
βȥУڸѯѯʾУΧ˶Թ겻ҪǮ࣬ҪⷿӣأǸĽַ˭зӶûþҵһ,  ˼ȥغü꣬Ӿίиչˡ
һ˵Ҫⷿ̾ʹӦˡһļСӣ˵ûԺӣҲһһġ˰,  ݰǮ,  ԷûüЦ־ݣ˼֤ˡΧĴ֪ү,  Ҳ
,  Ĳ˰ɣ𲻵ٻǡ
Է˼ض˼ңǰЩӻأλõطһ㣬ûԺҲ,  ѯʵ˶ûУ˼ס
һ·ӻͦģȥ˵Ϣ
֮һܸˡסܱڵǿ˷С£ǸȻףǸЩںһסЩڡ
Ƿӣҿ󣬾ʦһסɡп԰ŴСһһ䣬ûл𿻣ۿҪ붬ˣȻһﶬļڡ̻𿻽˵ãҪ뷨ĸ˵Ȼᵢ¶ġ
̻𿻵ǮһԳһ롣˵ʣµǮԼԴǮۣԺú̿ǮҪԼŪˡ
˶ͬ⡣æ̿ǻסաܿɣһܳŪأӽסˣȴֵõġڵ﹩ԹסҲʲôǮ˵˷ÿ¿ʮģʮĿԷ
Խƣ˿̺ӷ黹֪֪ˣҲ˵֮ܵġ
ԽԽ˽ӷˡ
˻ܺӷһүⲻ֪Ϊ뺢ˣѺӱؼҡĳˡ
ǰӷ࣬׽Ӹ˵ġСһ޲ñС·֡
ӷλԽߣԽߺˣȻȻҪϵ취ﺢŪ
ԱߵСµҡ
ȻĻع
СµǵӣȱĵϡڿɲϣϵҲȡõķɿ죬ǹӺιӼûණҪ׼ȻŴҪõʱûУǿɾˡ
С´˿̿񣬲֪ղЦʲôء˺üûзӦ
˿̽ӹӵõġЩţղӾȻĶǺӷᣬع֮е㲻˼

˿̺ӷſڣ첶ͷ߿ء˵ˣȥһ֪һͷô飬˵̫ү˾ĴΡ
˵֮ˡ˭˵⣬ǴҪġζԱˡ
ӷƽܸѧҲѧһƤëɲԶˡ첶ͷºӷ̫үۣѹһͷ񿴺ӷûǸ˼̤ʵˡЦ
ԴѸڱ̫үס֮Ӻúñ֣һ档
ӷ첶ͷĲҪһҵ¼Щ顣Щ١ӷһĨ޽ǳصĴ¶ֵǶڸɻأʱ򲻸ɲ̫á
첶ͷȴʮָˣֵô׸ʲô飬ȥˣء
첶ͷ֪ӷ⻹⣬ܸˣӷıĸˣ̫үҲӷѾǸͷˡҪǰһλǶҪŲˡʱ٣ҲǱâ
첶ͷͿԺúñһ
ӷ˼ֵָ֮ͬ˵һлСͷ벻ࡣҪԸڸط
СҪǴ䵱ۣĲ˵ܶѡɽǱߵķݶҲһ֣һʮӵĽɱǺļǿˡ
ӷԸˣ뿪ˣջ˷ݣͿϳȥ
ӷҪȥĶ
ĵϿˡȥ
ӷӹǸӣһۣɡǣȥˡûһͻˣȥ̫үзֺĵ̣Է̫үĻӷļ۶ǱǮӷѵÿһҪһٽָٽĸɲˡ
еƹ񿴼ӷûô࣬үһԴ⣬ƬϺ֮ġǼĿҪҪٽǾܰʣµĻȥ
ͷ˶ʮһˣǵ˵ʱЩߵķɿ졣
Էһɻ̫࣬ϵǮ˼ҲѵĺüۡҪٴӶû͹ˡ
֪ôأӷһ˼Щʸɻܰԭ˵ʳʮְ󣬾͸ˡ
ӷܷסô
ƹĵҿˣǸɸɵģܷꡣѰ˼ܹꡣڣٽﲻࡣ
ӷһ㣬һ£ЩһˡҪٽϺɡһٽƬĶ£һٽ˶Ǯ
ӷǸͷֵ̫үۡƹĵȻ˴˻ʱ͵ȥ
ӷ˵ͷЩ˻ȥˡ
ӷȥ֮һΪӷǴӷıˣҲǾõĶҲʡ򡣡
һ¼۸񣬾ˡ
ӷȻشˡ
Դڴ˹˶֪˸̡࣬յļ۱ͷҪ˺ܶࡣ
ϣֱӸǮġ
ΧĴ嶼ֱʺӷղա
գաӷ˵šǰ˨§ŵ㣬ֻҪʳû⣬Ҫ
Χһ˵ϽԼɹĥõʳùˡ
ӷݳƸӣһһֱûͣһ˶ʮӡ
ϰ߰һʳóǰЩǾյ߰˰ˡּһΧĶĲˡ
˨ӻΪԼûأЩ׬˾Űٶġû׬
˭֪ӷȴȥĵطһЩ
˨һϣٶϼգʹһˡûɹôεĻ
˨ӵض磬õô𣿡ǰǰ󶼿ˡʳţͲֵǮˡ
ӷҵãиҪ
˨һͷſֽˡӷҲ˵աٶҪӷҪкõϸҲҪ
˨ĵ˵֪ˡ


75 ؼܵܶ
ﶬ,  ʱ򣬼ҼһһЩܲײ֮ģʹ,  ׻
ӷһ˶ʮסķӾЪֻãڿտˡʱ򻹾ô˼,  ס,  ȥé޶ҪһӲ̫,  ķסܰլ䡣Ķˣɲ˺֮á
ؽڷʳġ
ﻹи࣬ӷỹլ˼ֻСèڣʡҡ
Ժײ˶ѵĳɽˣӷͷϣ⸾һˡ
ӷȥȡһٽĴΡѰײ˵ҶӺϵĲȥ,  õˮϴһ飬ڸһȦΣײΣװֱ֮ӼˮȻһʯײɡ
Ҽһ˵ĺ֡˰,  ҲһȺӡ
ڶ쿪θ,  򳴻Զһòˡ
ֵˣӷŴӸﶨһĴײˡæһ,  ˿һˡЩժĲҶ,  ⼸æ˶Ҫˡһһﲻɶöڴ˵Ǹ֮ιѼ칷ģʡϰ
ӷҲһЩѼ,  ǷϻʱģڸҲĽˣӷչʱ϶ܳԼļ⡣
ȻȻӷֳ̫ˣһ̡Сӳëˣ÷óȥԡû뵽ûȳͶˡǴﺢģҰû飬һԲס֮ǰȻڴСӵ棬ɸĽˡ
ҼһͷǮסǵ󣬶ˡ
СҰǿܺ֪ôĻһ糱ڴﲻСҲʼˣ۲ݻ߲ҶӾܻ
ֱˡûأֶӡ
ϸջشʱûɶǮѾһˣ˵ҪȻȻһް
ȻȻްѾˣɱ˷Ǯˡ
ĸҲſ䡣
ȫҵѶ˼㻻ϴ
Ǹ˲ٻ˶ʮ׵ˡһСƹ̲ˣһ
ܲҲıˡЩҶӣӷָÿ˴ܲһ档
æˣһܸˡ
꣬۳ţˡЩ﹤Ǯˣ˸Ͻȥˡ
򶬴˵Ķ࣬Ҫ˵ĿԸ˶һЩö࣬͵Ǵ
Ըһһ飬ͷǮˣҲ㶫˻ῳۣҪϲġÿԣһȥˣǮͳˡ
ӷ²ģҪǳϼ£ͻһߡܼµġһһӲҶӡ϶ˡ
ϴӦˡ
Ҵҵ뿪ˣˡȹĵ㣬ӾͿ̯ˡǻ˲ú飬ʡһ㹻һˡ
۳ԽԽá
ȴźӷôأ
ӷһûвˡ
ЩĵĿģ
ӷûʲô˫ְ§ڻΪҲġ
ˣҲԹԵЦͣòΪӰɣ
ӷͦġ
һ۵Ϣ
ӷԴߣС˵˭ȻȻأϡ
ְŪ˸
һֱȵţˣϻûлӷȥߵ·Ǳʣ˵Ѿ˳ˣŷġߵҪţ졣û߼ţˡţһмˣĸţߡ
ӷ״ѷϽӻ˳ĸҲһ˴塣Щû뵽ô죬Ǹţûһء
յ˴壬ڴڵض磬ղء˵ܵܶףȥһۡ򺣻ˣܿˣûߡľͰһ顣
ӷԺͬûɶøУطУóʱûϢˡ
Ǵ¶ȥһ
λ±ˣʲôСС
ѾܾûкؼլϢˣǺӷʣ񣬰źӷλû˻Ĺˡ
ȥ˺ؼլӣؼҲǴĴ˼ңٻȥΧһпưܣһɪУ
ǶĴ¶Χ˶һһҲֵġ
СϼӷӷᰡôȥɡվͳסһȾӷᶼƤ
ӷôż
Сϵ˲Ǹ֪ͬԸͰط졣
˵˺ӷ⡣
һȥط˲٣Щ˵硣
ӷ伫ͼĸǶСĵܻܵмеģСˡǸʲô˳ס
ط˵ߴȢģһáֳ޸磬ü޸ҡ
ӷո˰ջᣬǸӽû˰˶޳ǽˡԲ֡ܶ඼Ϊū߼޳ȥЩǮãֻü޸ֵܵ¶˵죬СôˣôĿȥ
طƺܲӷ뷨磬ԴӰѽ֮ѾǰˡҲЩ䣬ӭȢɩʱ⡣
ȢϱûаϯֻǼһٷꡣȫӾ򺣡뿪ˡһȥضˡ
ӷ򺣸˶ѹǮģٶ˼㡣ʱһ׼ǹүΪ˸ƽ¶һǺطͬĸ츸ֵܣ϶ٸ
˵ʱطεǻǮģ


76 ׳
ӷᾪ,  򺣰ᵽ˹ңǱ߻ӡôشǮأ
ձ
Ȼӷ᲻̫ϲ򺣣ȴҲбµ,  ˹ҵӦǸӺô
ӷǮô
طûУǮ,  ҪأڻǮҪڡ,  ͷϸûСû赽Ǯ,  򺣾ˣúطмĺ
׵ӽǰϾһӵĴ¶ǼѲ񣬺ôҲȫֵܵꡣ
һ㶼ϡ
طʱЩ,  û뵽ô
ӷļǴСӣҪ׵ˣô޿ġͷ˼Сϱô㣿
طĻסᡣ
ӷһӣţǮ˽Ȼڼﲻʹ,  Գȥ,  Լ׬ǮҲ㡣
ط֪ӷĹϵá˿̵磬,  ǮŸȻȻǳ԰ɡ
ӷľ,  Ҳ˭յҵӵġ
طˣӵֻһ
Ǯ͵ͻȥˡںؼҲ͸Сܵм־顣ˣ˾Ƣˡ
Ѷ͵˾ˡ
ضӷ뿪,  ĵ˿ӷɲ˶۸Сˣֳʲô¶ôѿ
һˣѾˡ
ӷ뿪Сæȥ˺طķǮ
طӷĻǸ˵仰ûǮ
СλǮˣɸĹǺÿ컹ñ任ĿΪҪĵġǹˣγȥʵ
֮ǰˣȥҲ첻ϷԡںؼҺôܳԴǡ
Ѱ˼ӷܸһЩأӷڿǴϢˣ˸ͷ￪˸ӡÿʮ˸ɻղġȻҶ֪ӷᵽжټҵף϶в١
ͬϵҲͰˡһͦۺطģѰ˼ܸءȻҪ
Ǻ̴ĺãκ˿գôǮˣ׵ܵܳ׶ǮȻ˳Ӧ˴ϻԽǮԽ٣
⻰طͲˣͺҪ˵ҲûǮӼҪǮ
ڳ⣬СһֱܿӵġΪǮ;ȴȡԡ
ǳ谮ĺӡôСҲطܵܵ˵㲻֪ӣڴ˼ҹļѡֻҪ˵ˣһͬģÿ˼©һ͹Ըһˡ
طҪ磬ʱͷǶ׵ǧĹˡ⣬СϰǰӷһסӸʰˡסߣ֮󣬰ݸأֱ붴
Ǽһֱ˳ó׳ϲͺˡ
Ǽֵġ
ӷȻڣǵڶ쵽ӣͱͬ˻ɫĽ¶
طȢãһСԲƢʵ
ľǺͬǸмǷֲСַҪһ˭͸ػһ
֪޸ͬˣ̫û뵽ƽӹӡ
˵Ǹ׳ʵĺӣһûиеᣬ첲ȺͬĴȶ֡ȸǿ
ͬȻô˳ûͦõġ׳ʵĺӴһӲоʻţϣͬʻ
ͬҪܻ顣ȫôȥˣˣСϸض˴ڳѺͬѵһ顣Ӳǳ¡
ض뷨ܼ򵥣˶ˡҪ¶洵һǶˣҪǮôͷһõͷǮôáǿ׳ʵܸɵġ
ͬǸϲ񻹵ñź͸ʰˡ׳ÿֲǼȱͶ㡣
۾ѩض֪Щʲô
˵С̴ͦãǳױϾ˵¶ͬҪﲻʹ죬ʱӦˣҲǸΪԼ̣˶ӵ뷨ضҲͰˣһӶǸͿˡ
׶Ӷϰˣǰӷڼҵʱ۸ںӷ᲻ڼˡ͸ĳɱ˰۸ˣӷӹ̹һ¶ڴ˭Ӳѡ
Ҷ֪ضɶˣСϲͦô
ǲѡˣ򺣵ϱеģôͬӣô󡣿ɼûġ
ˮȥĴûô׳ʵĸ
һۿȥЧ𺳡
ӷԼ뷨ӷȢȥԻǱ߰æͣԻֲһƯĸʱ䳤˲Žߵһ顣ûȻ롣
ʩأȻӣͻȻƮɫĵ㣬˾̻ˮ
Щ˴˵㾪֮ɫӴѩˡʮ³̫߸ҡȻѩҲˡ
ҵ˷ܲͬӷ״Цȫޡ


77 
ӷֿѩ,  ȥá
յͿ̫үҵСȥأˡ
ӷ꣬ȥ̫ү鷿
̫үԴϴ֮󣬶Ժӷ׽˵첶ͷҲ˳,  첶ͷ˹Բһ,  û취ġ
̫үҪε㿿ס,  ӷĵϵ,  Ȼᵫǰ¼зִ磬òĵطѯѯʺӷʲô
ӷûڣˣѩˡ
ӷ˵̫ү顣̫ү֪ԴӴʦү֮ӷ٣ʵĶ㿪â,  Ǹˡ
СسҲǲԻ
̫ү˹һ³ǽܴϡûвԭĳǽڳǽǵǽּӹһ㣬ÿյõˮƵá
飬˵ڷܰҲ˵Ϊӹ̡
ʮ³ѩӡ֤Ļ
̫үΪѩ,  ѩ¶Χ,  ٱϹ٣ô
ڲ,  붬и¡Ҫȡʩ,  üġȻ뷨Ǻõģȴܴ
һ֪˰գ۾ͻǡЩӱͼѵϰգǰŮûôʱ,  ˡ
оֻСѩδ᲻γѩ֣һǱġˣ˼¶ȥܻ⵽
̫үͬѣǿʿѧʼʶԶ֮ϡԷ֪ͨòӡ
ҲûǸɨǰѩǰһɹѹء
ӷʴȣϰллͬų٣ǹһ˷δȻ½ΪֶΣϰҲһǵȫıǣ
λ̫ү˵ѪڵģȻֻ֥٣Ҳб׷ġ
ӷȴ˾ġʷֻҪߵʱϰܳһùҲֵˡ
뷨֮̾Ϳʼд顣
ҪԤϱ
ӷд컯ˣѰĶػһĻԵʩҲã̫ү¶Ҳöˣү͸ĻԵ
̫үдţһдͬѣһдϹٵġĶʲôдģǸ֪кѩ֣׼
ֽС˵ӱ޵͵վȻַ
ֿʼֳҪʲô
ȾǱҵĿֻţоǿƼ۸˭ҪǸҳû٣
Щ̫үѾ˺ܾã˵ľǳεżӷԱ߲һЩ֮
̫ү¼ڲᡣ
ȵǶصſڣųһȺķʳƣģؼҸǵͷ˯ûѰľ
ǻʱȴֺӷȻڣһк
ӷҲڡ
Ƕˣڵ磬û̫үڸǰǻûעԱߵ̫үһվֱ壬̫үк
첶ͷſڶҪˡ̫үߣܹ
̫үͷڣ˵
һ˾ѵ̫ү֪ǵ࣬Ҫνǣ
Źţõƻͨġ̫үƽյλϡӷ첶ͷһһҵԱߣվĶۡ
̫ү첶ͷҿ˭ûϽ֪ͨҽһҪ
Ҳҵкüȥ˵ġ
һ½˻̫ү첶ͷһλᡣ˶ˡŵǿ֪Ϊʲô޽ǽۿҪ붬ˣ޽ǽһ¡˵سȻ̫ԣûսҵΣգǽ޿ɲޡ
֪
ˣضԵʲ޽ġ
˵ġлǰ˳
̫үѩˡ仰˵ûͷûβġ
µһͷԡ
̫үһѩ֡ǰİš
˶ˣ첶ͷͷһ˵̫үüۡ
̫үʱ⴫ڳÿһ˶١ֹؼʱ̵ӵˣҾģͬģֺõ˻мνʼ᳤̻еˣĴ峤ӷһ˸첶ͷһڰµʱڣѳǳ޺ãǵʱ䲻ˡ
̫ү˶ʤ죬ֻҪǰ׼ѩִ򲻵ǡһĿ꣬Ϊѩκһϰգܲ
ܡ˵ţܴ
Ƕ̫ү˵ЩͷԣҲܴܵεļС
лҪ˵߱ǣһ²ö£Ժϲĸˣϸ¸ǧִ£ôһο񫡣һˣôôգ


78 
˶֪Ҫԡһֱȵҹ̫үŸҷŻȥ̫,  Ƕպסˡ
ӷķӣͲشˣҪء
˭֪ջصسǵլ,  Ϳú͵š
ӷѰŵƽȥ,  ŷڰŷˣҹе,  ŵʳϴζ
ˣЩ,  ɣҸá
ӷĳĸʲôƵãôûشأһ֡ʹչ,  Թñ
ӷ§뻳
һشˣɫ㻹ûؼң֪϶,  ָϳˡҪǺӷ᲻ҪʳװͷݵϢͨ,  еĹٲ޳,  һ֪Ҫæˡ
ӷ֣ϲøɫ,  ·϶Σա
Ҳ֪е嶯,  ӣѵһ˫ȴӷĲӡֺõһǡ
ӷἫյǣ§ڻ
񱻱Щ˼,  Ͻ԰ɡ˾Ͳóˡʱֻ׷ˮײˡ
ӷһ԰ɡ,  ȴЩüе
Ŀ죬񴩵ĻǰĴסӷæԼϡ
ûʲôòˣЩ˲˺ͷͳͳԸɾˡҹѾˡ
Ա룬ӷȥѻ𿻵ϣķƽղ̫סˣЩ
䣬˾ںӷϡˣûһ˯ˡ
аԱ˯ţúӷǳ̤ʵ
ڶһ磬˶ϰҪȥӷǱ¶ҿһÿ㲻ҳԷϸϳˡ
˵ͷ
ӷȥţǱ˺ȫ
ӷ첶ͷߵۻʮˣһЩȱûϣҲ˲ˡ첶ͷ˷ֳӣ˶ʮǿ׳Ľ޳ǽĶ
ʣµ˺ӷŴŲһ£سжˡԻһ㣬ͳơ
ӷ˷ֳ飬һ顣ԷһƬ˺ӷţһһҵȥ̲顣
ǺܿæµҪǼǡ
ӷлͱһ飬һ顣
ɲǸɵĻвڼҵģҲڼҲŵġżŵĻΡΡģµʲô¶Ƶã˵ŵС
үôˣ
ӷûʲô¶̫үҪһ鱾жˡ
⻰ŷ˲١
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߷һʱлͱڵЩֶˡ
ӷӹдһ˲˼ҡ̻æѯʵ׳ʲô¶
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ûһ̫үˣѺӷ첶ͷлˣȻµĻͣ
ӷıȽȸϵõʱѾ᳤̻е˹ˡ
ĵͷ̫߰үζûרǡ
ʦүλ̫ү˲ٵ鷳ȴ̫үһһİƽˣ˼ҲС̫үʵ
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̫үµɽˡŵλ˵һһЩǰæ
æɫ̫ү˵һ룬¶϶Сҵʲô¶ԷԸֻҪܼһᾡౡ֮
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̫үߣûλˣҲҲ쳣ˡ
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̫үЩпһѩ֡
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Ϊʲô¶ءЩĵ
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̫ү֣̻Ǽۡ
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˿ڣ᳤̻ãһᾡġ
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᳤̻̫үһα̬ˡ
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ӷһο֣ʳѵСɽôߣһۿȥǳ𺳡
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첶ͷЩЩգ̫үƤӵô࣬Ȼȫ֪
첶ͷ˹Ȼδѡ
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һ仰䣬Щ˶Щ
лҵ֪Ӧôˣڳ̻еһ̬ġ
ϲԪˣĿǰµĶĴӣŹϴ
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᳤̻ģеµ˶ǣûʲôС
ϺûвĻ˺ü飬ǴҶðģû
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᳤ʱŭʲô
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顣
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᳤ֲЩٵĶϲ̻ΪһӬͷ棬Ȼٸа塣
С˵ЩƤǳء͹Ǯ̡ôĶвĶġ
᳤ȥлҺ͹ҵӻô
Сæܳȥ֪³ȥġһһҡء
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سҲ̣СһûʲôڸС
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ҵĽͣԷ

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ӷûȥӶҪ顣
̫ү֯һЩ˳ȥɹһЩࡣ·ز20죬ӣѼ֮ࡣһ·϶øϻͿЩسˣܸӾͺƣӷҲҪȥ·ӣҪ¶ˣźӷҪȥ̫үҲãӲǰˡ
ӷһֱæҶ˲ϻأеʱæ̫ˣس㽫һޡ
ҲҲ
ʮ￪ʼѩˣֻСѩжһҶ֪ⳡѩڣȻһʮ죬ÿһѩήһ¶ȣ10ѮѾǳˣӶܶö߶µġϣ·߶ѩ·ϸûмڽϣΪѩ̫ˡ
ӷȥ壬ЩûûҹϹﶼȡ˹һһǧڼЩгԵģԼŻҪȺĿͷһǧ·õس൱ãֱӾ֯һѩĶ顣
ްۣҰĳɤӺɨѩˣֻҪϹͿ쵽һ¡޻ʹֲѾ򲻵ˣҾԣĻãҾľһ겻䣬һ̶ȥͺˡѩ¸ͣûһ·пֻܰҪѩͿֵܷһ£Ǻܻġ
ܶðѩһ촽ϡлֱܡ
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󣬹үǿ϶úøɣнģǿ϶ˣ
ǡ챿Ա߸͡
ӷˣ֪ˣ̫飬ҲеԲԴ͸ϽҪߡ
ĥڷǾɶٶ·šһҲû¶
ӷæ꣬صã첶ͷЦҪأ֮ǰȥЩ˻ˣ40ͷѼ200ֻûʲôιģֻεʳЩڽĺܣ졣
ӷǣЩˣһ۵ĲС˵ԽԽ䣡嶼˼ޣ뵹ͷ˯
һ·ϣǿɳԾ˿ͷЩҪͣʼۣۣ·ϻñŵ㣬ñ͵ȥЩһ·ϻԺġ۵ġǻسǡ˺ӷ첶ͷŸоǻ˼ҡ
߳ߵĺӣһۿ
Խ߽سǣԽǽţһ·϶ǰѩģس˵Ѿˣǳȥ̫ãرԼҲһʱﻹ
ӷ첶ͷҲ֪ˣǸϽȥϢ̫ү֮󣬵Ϊ˳ģɲУͷ֯ЩЩڶˣɱ⣡


79 ͨϰյһ
˶,  һ˶ೡѩĸڷ
ӭѩһŮӿ첽Ļؼ,  ·ϲһ̵,  ﻹ᲻óԵıӡ
·Ѿܿˣǵҵʱ,  ֱû֪ˡ
ִ߹һڹŮŴ,  첽Ļݡӣһˣ˵ıı,  Сࡣ
ŮӵҲ˼Ц⡣

ŮӵǳԺôӶס
νĺǰѸˮ,  ݵʱ䳤˽ͽ;ܳˡ䣬ƽյʱ򲻳ڿϱ,  ˵ŰɫĹ
Сӵ˵ͷˡ
ŮӰѻ˴,  Щĸ
ŮȻˣûʲôǮ,  ȥӷʱ,  ܸܸɣ˶һһǮءʳлǽɻһ㲻䡣ܶŮѺӶȥ,  ܲȺ
ʼҲôɡҺ̫СûްҪǸȾϷ纮鷳䣬˵ûʲô,  ڼﲻģÿζͷŸϡ
ޱȸлӷᣬҪԼܵ϶졣
Ǳÿһġ򹤷Ǳߵıӡʳ۸ǡͷ˵һӶҪʮǮˣߵıǮһͷСˮɺӳһˡ
Ů˱ĿһְѺǱڻָǴһϣһ㡣
ĴӵҲȥǮ
ŮӵҶˣǼеЩڳȥɻ
˵ͷŮΪɷˣһϲҪȥľСӣ
Сӽݾ͸ˣɩӣҶɣҼĹȥˡǼҾࡣСӿ٣Ҷʱʳû񱻷ѩһ赲򶼳ȥţҵûˡ֪ǳ˼ˣҪǮһ
˵ѿɲҲ㣬ú̿㡣ʮһ³أ֪ʲôʱǸͷ
ŮӵҼҶѣҼҵ£Ҳˡɡ۴˿㶼û¶ӲܰȻȥʣǱÿ췢ҪǳԲˣԴߡ
СӵɣҲȥʡллɩӾ˵Żأˡ
ʳˣŮҲЩ̣ȻӸСһġϰռѰ
Уƺܸоܣ۵
û¶е㲻˼ôˣӰοˡ
ʱˡԶԶľһ˵Ҵʲôöˡ˵ĽɲһúǮ򲻵ĺö
ɨѩӵġĸ·ҪɨҪͨĴɨȻ࣬һްһٷˡǸͷǵġÿ˶С
ûǮŮš
˵һǮû
Ů˵ɫмָˣæЩɲںԺл𿻵˼ң᲻աʱգ
˻ؼңæԼЬڴǱšЬָˬˡ
޿ѹǵıϡһůˡ˻һϿǶߴաһ˴һ飬ڻ˯ʱ˵˵
Ů˰С˵˵ڵҲѡЩпôһѩ֪ҪˡŮ˱ֵ¸õѸ㴩ʡô䡣
Ů˳ǿҿһ׷ֳǴĶܡ
˵ֲţ˵Ѽĵ·ϡ·Ҳͦ䡣ɲܵȻҾˡ
Ů˿ˣһ
˵ɱʱ⡣Ҫǵˣʹһڳԡ
Ůһ⣬ֱķҲûһԸˮﶼˣѯЩ־ĸأЩ˵ǳԵĲáԵõģϾ
̫үʴȰ
عүҲǣҪûһҶö
˵Żأˣ޿ѹڱϣůͶˡûһǾʹȵĺΨŮ˯ţҲҶ°Ѻӳѡ
Сզ˯أ
Ůһµ˯ţϽ⡣
û˯ҲǲġӲ˼˵ڣ꣬Ҷһɾԣ
ŮЦһʹɡ󲻴˯ˡﶼİ׻⡣
һ磬ֵһ˵ζ֪֡Ϊء
лҪ˵ףڿ֡


80 
Щ˻ɱˡ,  Ѽⶼ÷Σѩһʱðġ
ѩ·,  ˲,  ̫үǰţҶ˵ʳ,  Ͳǰôˡ
ɱƽϵѪ,  ˼ֵζϣ,  гɿ飬Ѫˣûζ
Ǻӷֵġþ޴һڹ,  ˵оʱõĴסһ˶ˣĸһøôĲܲһѪ,  Լж,  ǰͶٶ鶳ﵹ˺üʱ˾ʢ,  ٻµĽȥ,  Ŀ졣
̫үڼˣų
ܿһڵ˾Ͷŵζ,  ǰһ̫үС׷һѪ⣬˳ۣټһˡ˵,  ʮһϡˬдᣬθڴ󿪣̰׷
ڻһڡ
̫үּһ鶳Ķ϶ġǷƵãȥ̲һ׷񫰡
ûС£űСʳءѩ̫үһƵáüûԶˣŵζͿʼͣȶӴ͵ĸоʱѾηˡ
ݷٳԼŽоٳһ롣
̫·ˡ
ǽǺӷᵽģǸԼġЩȥСˡûУһС̳ӣ˵ףֵĸоرáЩ۶ҪǮշˣҪ
ӷһ̳ӣ˵ԼŪҲࡣǶóˣһöã첶ͷǵЦ˵̫үģ˭֪̫үġҲģŪ˵̲˳ԡ˭֪һԾͣ
Ҫûȵζܸо˵ʲôƵá
Ҫ֪ǮҲúöϼף̫ү֪ӷ츳ſŪġȻһ㲻ʧʣС̫үӣ
ʳȱΪس˷ѣҲһڡɺθڲ󣬲Ȼٳԡ
ӷˣ̫ү˺ö˶ԵĲУˡԴ߽ѩͷ˻;Ѿˣݶˡûȥ
Ĳ˲ܲǰײˣԣǳոҲͳˡǡôЩһʳۣԵͷ̫۲ġ
ͷϺٵģһٸˡ˵Ǹɨѩġụ̈Ǳ͡
ƽֶһӲǮ˵㻤ʳıܣ·ֳȥǳԲϡ쵭ôãѵóԵôθĶ
ӷῴֵǰͰ͹ʣİɣܹһֱءûĻһ裬Ҳв٣ѪͰûˣӽȥͲʡ𲻶ϵĻһֱˣ졣
ӷ⻰ϲЦտ
ԱߵЦôϢǰ㲻˵¥Ķóԡһ˾Ͱ
Ƥں㲻Ҳһ
ѵˣһЩ֮˰˭ҲЦ˭
ϳôȫ¶һĸо̹ˣе˯
֣֮ǰôæˡ˵Ҳ֣ǰţڻвסǸɵ̤ʵ
ǰ˭ǶһүǾġĶϰҰˣлǣ
ǰδйĸо۵·Ǻܽ
лǸСڶֱͦ塣ֱ仯Ƕûʶȴʵʵڵķˡ
ûһװõĴͰͷ˷ֵ
ϣ
Ͼŵζˣ㰡
¶ģҼﻹһʮܲܲԴȥǮ򲻵ĺòˡ
¶˵С
֣˴ȥ˺Ӷˡ

첶ͷɻ첶ͷæŸ̫ү͵µ̻˵أĶʱȥʺӷᡣ
ǶҺӷᡣ
ӷҪû¶ĻؽɡһǮһ롣ٷˣӵһܳζǹͷĵףй͵ģ廹̲
Ҳܳζðһһĺܿ졣
һɡ󼸸˾Ű峵װͰȥˡ
Դѩ֮ǮֵǮ̫үۣСǡһǮʲôҲ
ܺȵ̫үͬһǮܵ˼飬һͰˡԱߵӻܲǵ㣬նú˵ģܺã
ȫǵֻҪܺȵ붬һ


81 
оĴһһҹ,  ϰһȶԸǮȺȾǺˡ
ˮΪζǳĺáżһЩ˿,  ,  ûֵܷһء
˰ѼĴó롣ǳԵʱٻһҰˣһٺóԵķˡ
ѧ
ڲ,  Լĺʡ
̫ãǰԲ,  ÿһ಻ܳȻˣ˸ûˡ
;ȥȡ˼Σϳ,  ۼܶ˴̫ʱ˶Ķ߶µġ
۵ˣǮһθܵسϰյĲβ˵Һл,  ڻһٶʮأʲôӦоС
ͨϰһĶ¶û,  ż·,  ǲѩӷŵ¡
ϡǰϧĸʲôƵãҪζ̫,  ǾԲϳġ
Ƿŵ,  ϰվĶʱ۽ǵİ࣬ȥֵȻмӺ,  ڱѩôãҲҪ
֮ϺӷᣬҪǮһ¡ǰǸ߸ϵĹүЩ׳ʵһ޳ǳ,  ѩҲ˱֮ġ
ӷĺܺãʱòϣ׼ҪءǺöӼۼ˺ܶࡣɵܵԲ궳һʲôóԡһٰ嶼
ЩϰܰЩϰգ֧ƽ⣬ɱСٶ̫үˣôһܶüǧˡ
ڶˣ̫үеϰ˸ԺӡʺϿ
ϰȻӦˣҲŪ̫ү˵ˣ˰УһֵӲ֮һǼⲻ١
Ūл᳤͵µҲͶ״˵Ҫʲôõõĵطһ߾ȫ
ӷô˵һ֪Ļա
ӷû¶ʱȥܽͷһްÿ»һáһعأҪǲعأ˾һǮûУ·Ҫ˻
ԱްˣȻҲˡæǲһ£޿㵽Ь
רΪѩģͷĻʵҪǼкüȱްĻԸȥһ׾ġ
Ӳͨ
һóȥôްҪץѺЬˡ
˵ٸǱǮްġ
¶𡣻϶ʮ
ǳ˲ˣм˺óԵġѡߵˡ˻û䡣
̫үѺӷйȥˡЩ̻ǻЩö˰취˸Ƴˣ׼ƵͷЩõĶڻֲˡЩǮ˶ܳʵĶЩøְ취ġ
ҪһϾɵķӣЩڻ𿻣ǽԱֲˡҪܳɣҲʵ߲˳ˡÿ԰˳һ˳⣬顣ĸֳĲֶֺ̫࣬үн
ʣµˣĥ档ԴҶЩˡ
ӷ֮ǰĽôǰʳĥϸϸķٹɸ֮ӵıдʳζ˳񫡣ܻȥҪӹĸá
̫үԴ첶ͷͺӷԱ󽫣ֻҪ¶Ըȥܰͦãˬˡ
첶ͷ춼Իؼңӷ£Щſ¶һֱͦģһֱסţҲЩƣ
̫үӷᰡµЩҲˣżٻȥϢ졣ؼҺúһźӡȻٸɡ
ӷл̫ү
˸صˡȻ⼸һֱѩ·涼ˣߡܵķɿ졣˳ˮڣӷæӸ˳˴塣
ŻĹţûʲôͷ߶ˣӷһӣԼԺǰԺûһšʹˡԺ˳
ŵǺӷʱЩϲ
ͷ̫䣬ֻһް
ӷݰɡ
ݣ磬ůˡӷɢһĺٽݣ˭֪ǼС˹
˵ҪˣӷֹˣúȻݣҾͽȥˡ
СȻȻ⣬Ļˡ


82 򳤵Ϊ¶
ӷϵĺɢ,  Žݡ̷ɹ
ӷᱧ˶ӡ
СȻؼҰ¶ûӷᣬѯʡ
Դ飬СȻ;Լ,  ñ,  ȻȻִ
ӷЦ
һүľ,  ϴżЦݡ컹ô
ʱáӷ˵š
Щˣس⼸ͣ,  ֻʩ໹֡ܶ˱ӷܹȥɻҲ˺ܶ࣬һ찾,  ȥ
ʱһֱڴϸϸȥӷѾаûˡҲźӵ,  ܲӷĻȥ
һӻ˵źӷЩݵģ,  һжá
ӷ˵ͷ,  ˡҪüҲһ׵¶֮ǰ˺ܶú̿,  յĻͦȺġ
ůĵط,  úӷе˯־˯̫ˣ°˯֮˯š
ԥطϴͷӷ,  ¶Ц⣺ղ컹ΪأĿ⿴źӷᣬεһ䣺ˡ
ӷǱ¶࣬һ˯ʱ
ûа,  ѶԵáӷ᲻ǵġ
Ц׷ԣǱҲԲʲôöԴ˵඼ǵˡ׷ݳޡ
ԣһ뼦
һ䣬СȻ۾СҲܳô
һӴ˶Цˡ
Ǽôһ˺óԵôûķݶأ
У
ӷ᱾˵óԵġǿԱ۰Ͱ͵ţҲû˼жʧ
СȻҲԼһף׿ܳ԰롣
ƽֻڼ㶫ԡںӷһмƸóԵء
СҲմ⡣
ӷᱧһѺӷڿϡ
ϰղտһ˷ѣͻ߶СӣϻȥһС
ӷ˵Ѿᱳʫˣ
СȻһȻ󷽷İʫӷ
ﴫһʫﻹܰģСȻ꣬źӷᣬеһСһ˼ȫˡ
ӷ״Ҷ
ʱ͸
ϸ״̲סӷܣ⺢Ӿ͸ϵá
СȻô˵е㲻˼䵽̵Ļ
ЦŰС§ڻǸСϲ
ӷҸģϱ׶ԱߡҲǳɡٹЩӣҪѩͣͺˡ
ʱͷٵĽŲ˲ֹһ
ӷˣԸֽŲСʱüͷһݣްҪȥ
ʶ֮ǰ򳤵ĶӺͼ׳ַּңƼȥﵱ۶򳤰ŵġԺӷĶ飬һ࣬һôˣ
򳤵ĶӵǴȥˣҽʳ˵⻰Щܡ
ӷôᣬ岻֪ͨôЩڴˣóڻ
ֵǿ˵ģ껹ãҪʱȫ֧Źء
򳤵ĶӵǴ峤˵ʱһЩԹݲݵĸӷ˵顣峤ǣҲĴ峤˼˵黹˼֮Ͱ¶ˡ
Щ̣մǮһļ۸Щֵصôûչôߵļ֮ۡǰѾˣͺ´һֺüۣѿˡ
Ǵ峤һ¶ʱѾˡһ˵ɵˡʱֻˣϰոҪ
˭֪̿ɲô˵ˣֱӷһʮǮһﰮ
ֱթǴϰյȻɡʳ̻ˡ׶ˡҼһʳ꼸ˣʼѩ϶һԵĶûС
򳤶ĲˣʹôһǳաҪ򳤵û취ȥȥ̫үֲݣֻúӷݸ
Ƕúӷˣ
ӷǲΪѣɣȥһˣ˵ǲϳ˽һǧ͹ȥһҪչ˺塣
򳤵ĶӸжứ䣬ЩһֱΪʳ¶ġͦסˣģ峤Ҳȥ˵üζ˱Ÿ溦ν費
Һûкӷᣡ


83 ҹ
ӷȥ˵һ,  ȥá
򳤵Ķû뵽ӷôʹĴӦˣмĻɤһ䶼˵ˡ
ͬҲһϲɫʱ,  ӷǵһ԰ǵˡ
򳤵ĶǸģ˵ܻȥҵ˵һҸظһȥسǡТ˳,  ͺ̫ǳһղһա
˺ϢǰһҲġ
ȥš
ſЩۼӷżٻⷬ,  ظ,  ôֻˣ߽ͷİɣ
򳤵ĶŸ׵ڴ,  Ͳˣǰ飬֪Щһǿ׳ˡ
ôԺӷ,  ҲԾ,  ӷûõĹ򣬵λͦߵġ
ӷԵ˵ͷ,  ǸǼ,  ̫үе¶
֪ӷǴ˵ұ,  ƽ벻̫үţеϰأ
ӷŶ,  õġ
򳤵Ķ̫ү¶˰ء
¶ңңˣ˭֪ӷͷԵȵȣһ˽ȥˡ
Χ۲ϵ򳤵ĶӣǺӷģҲмӡ,  ﴧ¶Ҳסûһͷſˣеϰ뿪ˡһӷ̫үлҪʡ
ΪûϷء
ϻ̳ϿֵĽݡ
̫үϸϸǴͿ磬ܸǮһչҲΪʲô
򳤵ĶҲڲѵũҰʽûôӣϡԴӵ֪ѩ֣Ǿɵˡ峤һپƵ˴¶֪ϰհѾ֮󣬺޲öָͷסˡ
֮峤ͿʼΧ˶ԣ֪˽⣬˲֪ٴαŸֻҪ߶峤ͻĵᡣ
̫ү͸ֻƬ֪ǴڵĲ˵ʲôˡ
ʳҲޣҪ¸ѡû취ֻõˣȸһʳɡǴ⼸˰Ե£ҪסǽǵġҪġ
򳤵Ķһ˵Ըʳ̹ߵл̫ү
Ǵһһٶ໧˼ҡһȥÿְܷʮҵʡŵԹˣѵ˵ת
̫үдһ½ݣ水ӡӷһȥ֡
Դѩִȱ־Ϳʼ൹ҹ˰֣û̫ү˭Ҳ֣ܿ˶ߵС˼
֮󣬼˰Űᵽϡ
һװ£ӷ֮ǰûҲٽʳ򳤣Ըô־ô֡
򳤵ĶӼֱץ֣Ǿ֮
߳жᾹȦת϶ľ˶ʼѣỮʱɳɳۡ
ӷȰЩߣҵʳûȳԣҪǻĻ취
򳤵ĶӣлҼˡ
жľǵѺӷܽšҪûкӷᣬ¶ô˳
õżظϡѾɽˮˣЩʳǼʱꡣ
ӷҲŵȥ·ǴʱڴھС
һһأɫͽˡ
ӷٻصҵʱ򣬼ú͵ƣڵԷء
Ѱʱͳˡ
СȻ˵š
ӷϸͷԺǧˣǲǶˡ
ճһ㲻
ҲԱ߲š
ӷԷɡ˰˸ˣлһֻ⼦źۣ滹ŴŴ׷á
ҾͳˣһƬܰ
ѩ죬ͷһƬҼһﲻõ˼һոͷûˡסɽ£ĴûڵҪǿţòܵȫûˣǰ峤ϵ˵ȵСơ
ͻȻһ
ʲô
һû˰ɡ
䡣
ԺԶԶС
ŮɻˣڣЩǽ˰ɡ˵嶼пʼӵģѵСë͵
ϵ˵ƣͷֱӳȥҵҪ˭ô󵨣
Сĵ㡣
ϵȻ³çϾǰǵ峤ģֱӰԼ¶Σ֮Уֱͳһĸͷȥһţѩﵹࣺ˭ûš
Щţȥа̣ôǽ˸˰ɡ
ҪҪȥһء
ͻȻˣŵһ飬󿴼ϵˣ󻹸һ
Դ濴֪һһ˲ˣȻ谮СҲ֪ô˶áһݣ϶ð
ϻࡣ
һ
ﵱᶼˡȻ֪ʲôôһ˻ضǳ¶ôˣ
СӣǸСǱı⸱ӡ
ôûأǲ·ʲôΣˡ
ˣһӿۿ򺣺롣
զˣö˶˵Ŀɲ˵ĻСĶͷġ
ϵ֮ǰڹίŶүҲϣҲʲôöǰġڴһǳ˭֪ԽԽС
һֱޣô¶һ֣һ
Ͽůů˵
˿͸ˣһܣ˻Ƶá
Թӣһˮůůӣ˵Ѫɫ
ˡӣ鼫Դȥ˹̬֮Ϳʼʧˣȷӹļѡ˶࣬г˵ģΡǮ˼ı»׾ݡ
ȻǰǴ峤ĶӣǮܹҲֻܹﲻʹ죬Ƶë
ֻҪȰһȰͻᰤÿ򺣶Ǹȶ˵Ժһġѩ֮ͣˣǸҵ˼һŪɶ˵ɶᱻ˵˵ɣͷйϣ
ҲͰˣ϶Ӳ꣬ȺȻСΪ˼ķ־һƣѶ䶼Ѫ
Ҳܲˣ³Դֲ赭Ҳˡ룬˳ѺӴ
ϵŭָӣˣҲԴư˵ġȢʱ˵ĶãһӶáء
ҲһٿޡѰ˼һȴ̹أĳô⣺ҿĶ벻ô׵ġ˵ڴѹǸ˸Ҳ룬ǽ˹ң룬ѲƤܡ
ȥӷᡣǸͷ˵һ仰˶Ҫֱ档
ϵ⡭ѽ㸴ںͷ֪ӷôϢͲôΪˣּҵʱϵԼǴ峤ûĶأ¶ֵģð찡
лҪ˵ǣֻһΪ˱ʾǸ⣬淢һٸ˫


84 
ͷ춼Ѿ,  Ҳ鲻ʲôˡֻðסԲߡ
עǸ֮ҹ
ƵáĳŪļҲܡ
ڶһ磬ϵĳ,  ϵʱҼһ͸پɽ𡣿ʱ˴к,  üͷţǲ˲¶
ϵԽԽԶΧûм˼ˡ񵱳Ǹլש߷,  ޽ĺ,  רŵǡ
ϵȥ,  ֲ֪˵ʲôѼĸɲóͿһֱԺתƵϵˡ
ϵˣһЦݵ񰡡Сڼôе¶
ڼҡ˵ԺӵĴŴ,  һֻ,  ģҵļѼѾɱ,  ѩַ治,  ʳҪĶ,  ǽȱ˻
ȥȻȻ,  СӹӲʵˣͿˡ
ﲻȱԣǲϽִ񣬵ûȥɡ
ϵҪ޸ϵģôϰѶûȥţǳ͸,  ܾܾ
ӷҲ硣ԼԼͷ˵ȥÿնͨϵӣѾ֪ͷ˶áһõĻˡ
ӷǸͷɲǵǸɶͷˣͷ䣬˵ɡöˣȻϡȴᱻ򶯡
ϵԭǴ峤ڴ˵һԺӷᾹм̡Ķ֪ӷܳɳΪӣﶼˡ
ϵһݷַҲأһϲһʡݵĲ𡣴ϣСȻһ飬ҡͷԵı˳Сڷ첹ѡ
һƬܰ
˽æߡشЩͷˣ֪ϵӷᵱּЩԹϵڨڨӣءֲһ˼£ɢˡûһ
ϵȥǵˮԴӺӷ˸ͷвٺò裬̫ү첶ͷǸġ
Ĳ裬ζᣬũҵĴζ
ӷǽȥ˵ɡ
ȥ䣬ǱǸСݣݵĻǽûҲ¡СһֱûסС϶ѷһɲˡ
ϵͷ̫࣬ʵڲݣǵźӵ棬֪զ˵һ
ϵƢȻ˴峤ְҲܰһˣ϶ֺ֮ɫ
˸СȥСץѴǵĻЩͷģǶС졣
¶ҪߣȴϵסҲˣҲһɡ
Щȡ֪Һӷ¶Ҫء
ӷ֪ʲôˡ˵ɡ
ϵȻ󣬵ܶ¶û취ھ˵ֻȼ˵һ䣬ȡǰ¶飬ǧϣȸǡ
ӷˡ
ϵ֮ûˡ򺣵ˣǸĲ˵ɱˣʱܿӲáͷǮ˵ЩһŲˡôϹأʵ벻͸
ڴﻹ֪ӶͳȥˣźؼҴ⡣ʱġ
˲òࡣ
ٿӷᣬ򺣣ԴӷּǻһƵá
ͦΣΪɣҪһ˵ϵ֪ӷǸͷˡ
Ҫ˵ȥСӶΪ֮𶯵ϢȻôû˵һݵ͵ͱǿ̫ˡ
һϵ򺣵ˣȻ˵򺣵Ļô͸һɲѰ
ϵˣûӣҼõĸž͸ӡ򺣳¶ҶΪߡˣҶ䲻ˣִˡ˵¶ѹ޲úݺʰһ
⻰ʱüͷš򺣴ˣ
ӷ϶żֲϲҲˡôܰȭͷԼϱ
ϵСûܹŴġϻˡǴԼҲŹС꣬Ķ䶼ѪˡʳӰ˵ί
˵꣬ϵһᣬСҪӷ¡ȴӷۼֿס
ӷл˵
ϵģȥֻ˵⣺취ܲ˺롣
һ䣬񶼵һ
ӷԼġ˼
ϵ˼̾һģһʮꡣҶӲԵ޹ʵ˵ģҲǱƲѡ
ӷ򺣿ϵĻдһ飬ҿ԰æ
ϵϣæ취
ӷԵҪ¶ѰˡѶϼ£»Ҫ˵źáӷ򺣹ϵͺܲ¶Ū
ʱ˵ˣҲˡǶСȻһɫӡӵ˲  Ҳܿʲô
ֻҪܰңʲôҶԸ⡣򺣺úùġıҲ֪ڹҵӼѣĺӶʲôĶѪ˴ȥ˵һпⱲӶˡ
һӾͱˣٺõҲŶƽƽĹȥ
򺣰ѶӴ¶û˵ȴźӷ˵ˣúӷ֪ǲС޴ܣĺġ
ϵŭԼⶼôݵ֣ĵ֡ķζҪըˡ
ӷҲǵġһ򺣾Ժôݵ֣ҲЩߡ
¶ˣû빨ңҪֻҪϷ֣ܵõɣԹҶ򺣵̬ȣ򲻿ܻǮٸȢһġԼͳ˹¼ҹˡ
ֿԶûֵܷġѾ˹ңӹҪˣܡ㲻ˡ
ӷ򵥵ķһ顣
ϵЩ

򺣴˿ص˴ÿ˺ؼҵĴţŵǺط⣬м־ϲضȥͷԾƣǷ򸾺ӣپСϡ
æȥ֪ͨˡ
СȻ˹ģǳ谮˶ĴӣһˣҲмָˡ
һЩˮ˿ķԺطȳȥҸ˵仰
ط˴һֻۣ򺣵ɫʮѿô˵ţ߳˼è͵͵͵
򺣸С˵һ䣺ҪҺ롣
С˵Ļһյģôһ
򺣻û˵СϾ͵ض˵ʲôǸ˰ڶǴ峤ˣżأϴȥ֮󣬻˵ضΪͷءҲ̫һﵽͷ
򺣺¶Թңûʲôϵ
Сạ̊́һôԽĲϲˣʱ㻹
Ⱦƣͷǻۣƽջã߶߶ͺܡмֲͷȥˡ
Сϵòһȥ
ҪæĻȥһ˰ɡ
СһЩ㲣̲סۣϴСˣզô¶أѩͷܡ
û˵϶ľȻ
Сϸһţ߽ԺӡͿططȥĶҰɡŷǱǴɩ¶ȴ翿ףһƫûԭֳʲô¶ġ
üͷû˵ʲô
СΪڼƾˣȥɢɢأҲûᣬֻ˵ȥȥ˵
طǵң￪ţŻأ򺣲ûǡ
С϶㿪ˣֱ۱ӳһ糤ĿӣֻҪһɳɳۣǱ˦һͣҪжࡣ
Сŭǣ
ûӸߣȻһ򡣵Ǽôôأ㣬ûڼңȻô㡣
С֮ǰ֪뿪Ϊˣ֪ġ򺣴ˣ͵ͷ϶ᣬͷġ˼Сڵ¶һĸʰɣ
ĻͷðҶĸҶˣǸƨ
طԱ߲֪˵Щʲôô˸˵ë
򺣵ĺܸߣԴȥ˹֮󾭳裬ﶼءĸһƴǱǿŭ֪Ʋˣô
ԺҼҶӸһϵûС
֮ͷֿʼˡܲһ롣ҪĸੲҪˣأ侲
һֱһԲҵйڣϲ
ȴڻȡ˹ؼϢȥ˺ӷǱȥˡ˰أһַŭȻ
˲֪ӷĹϵȻ֪ģϺӷᣬǰѼҳô
֪ϱĶҲੲݵĸתߡ
һŭ塣ɳʲô¶ҲβŹȥ
ѩͣˣǰǴ峤סڴõλá񿴼еֿһ㲻ƿڴȻӷǱȥˡ
ΧھҲæȥ´ѩô죬ֻڼ͸ڿϷɿһϺҲҪ֡
ʼѵĽ顣ȥʮˡ
ǵ˺ӷңô˵ĽŲúӷˡҲš
ֱ㡣
򺣿ϵıЩŭȻ
ĵ򺣣Ķ֮ǰӣԺһӾҪȥ㻹ǰҲǧġ񿴼ֱ㣬Ƶÿ޵Ŀôܲ
ӷȻһ㣬ǼСȻǸ¶ȥҲַŭ
ӷæסĵ˵¶̯ˡʱ򷴵ǲܳ嶯
ϵĴ˼Űǹϵķŭѹѹ
ΧȺȻ֪ʲôܿϵ˺ۡٿҵӦ֪Ϊɶ
СڻҲеģǰ򺣿жСޣǰڴʱûôȥﷴǴˡ
־΢Ļ˵㣬ǰȾƲã֪ˡһؼҰɡҲһϡҪǿһ쵰ҼҲС
һ˵ԼСӣȦתҲܸȥҪǻǹ֮ǰĶ飬͸дһݷ飡
һ򺣴˵ʱô˵ģͻԭ£򺣵ı䱾
ԶҲϺ߻شӣһ·ж䡣ǸˣǺˡ
Сϵ˵ôôأҶǧղҲһպðɣ˵߾ߣһ㲻յ֡ҵģ򺣻ȥĺġúùӣѺӸûˡ
үƨզ򺣲úùġͦүǣͷͻؼҴˣ˵е˵
ŭˣˡǵҪҵʲôʱҳĳȥεңҲԣǲҪ̫֡


85 
Ѿʲô,  Ѿֻſһ飬ˡ
,  ԵѾ˵仰ǿһ롣һʮˣ,  ˵仰ҲЩ⡣
򺣿ҪϿЦĺۼȴʧ,  ġ޴Ĳͷ,  еˡһ˵
ͬ,  ˽䡣Ҫ§ڻȴһֹĶ
򺣶ڵʱ,  ǼǧƱֻҪһ,  㹻ңһˡҸûѹҷǰǵЦҶ״Ԫ,  һᵽʡȥ,  ǸʱҲʹˣ
С,  ûԹʲô࣬ڹ˰۵Ӳܡ˵˶û,  ܵӣʹѹֵֹһˡڿš
򺣺ȾƺʹܷйȥоͷΣĽʹȥпܻӸ״ԪʱټʱӶͻĵߡ
ǧ,  ģһĲҪֻҪѶӸҾͳɡ
򺣸û˵û뵽βԽĲ㲻ҪƲԳԷƣ
ɫˣŵ㣬˲ɡ
ɫ粻ʱĵæϵŭ򺣣ʲôǿҲôˣƤӵ£򺣸ұȱȻͱĲ
Ǳʣӷæȥ
С֪ãҲæȥˣѳЦ׼ңСڵ¶ǵ˵ĻǲΪ
򺣿֮£ҲӦֻҪͬ⣬߲ˡ
ղŶѾˡ򺣿òǼ˸֦ɣһۺӷᣬдżɬأ˵ôߡڴ棬͸ҡźӷˣҺ룬ҺõȥĶôõ¶
޳ܵ˵ˣҵʲôˣ
ϵֱùӴҪĻֻ˵ĳڡ
Ҳˣ־Ҫ򺣣ô꣬㻹˽Ϊˡô˵˻ûأҪˮֻʹޡ
¡СϲˣźطҲҪȥǡ
طȥ˺ü¡ôʢŭ֮˵Ķ֡
Χ˿ϷľʣҲȥȰͣ͵͵ȥӴ峤˵
ܿ챻ӷֹסˡҪֹؼȥﲻǺֵĵط
˫˲ʡ
ֳӣѾ˺Сڵĸ϶Ӱ졣
ûһӴ峤һСܸˣһ⿴ֵĴ񡣹·Ѿһ˵ĶԹ滹Ǻ⣬ǰϵôãȻֵһĵز
ӷ˷ֿӴ峤˸ϵ
ӷƲ򺣵ñӵģҲͷһݡôһô꣬ӡΪ˹ԷҲãǺͿڲҲãҲðûӰĻ֮ڿڡ
򺣱ӷһ˵Ҳûмֺڣǲϡô˻˵ˣ
ڷ
ϵȥˡǴ峤߲ǵóѡӴ峤ˣ⺢ҴСģҪ˵ֻҹ
۾ﶼˮԭˮĸоôܡ
ȻһЦ¶¶ôűˡ뿪˺ӷԺӡֻ˵ӹֵֹġ
ҲԸںӷǰ˵⻰Ҳˡ
ϵǰ򺣵ʱǧá񿴼񣬿ôԼ飬Լ֧˰ﲻæ
ȥ֮󣬴ҲȰ͵ģҲ򺣵Ǹģ˵ûиҹ
ΧĻҺꡣ
˿ȴȫȻˣͻȻͷ˹ȥ
ûˣġ
򺣡ҲʧɫæסֵġܴȻһ£һѪ˳Դ
̫죬ΧһƬ
§סȥѪء
ҵ˶ˡ
СҲŵɫɷס
״һӷᱧڻס۾
Ӵ峤æȥ
ûһͷ׵Ĵ򣬱˴ڴһ£һѣûȫʹϡֻͷû¶
ȴڲ־ŭҲԸһ𣿡
ëȴԸۡ
񷢿Ƶáããҳȫ㡣ӷ״̴ӼһСӣëʺֳֽɵġ
ֱдһ顣
򺣵ݸ۾̵Ҳֹסű˵ֻü䶪šⲻ֪ԽԽࡣ
ҲˣȻʹ
СϿԼҵĶӱӣҪȥ§סӡȴ˦Сϣʱ򣬿ÿһ˵ﶼź⡣
򺣵үǼ֤֮£Ӵ˸ɡɡ۾︴дżֲʣ֮裬գذٱ֮
ӷᶼȥˣˣǷʲô
򺣲ȻһЦƲϵˣѾ˸ͷ̫үǰеλȻȲϡӷỹѵ֪ʹ಻ѡûϣ˵Ȼɡû¡һ죬Ҫǿҵûб¡˵תߣһ㶼ͣ
ϵҪԼҶѪܵĿӣۣͺ룬ҲǲôԼһ˰ˣô졣
̧ϴɫã¸ȴһµУֻƵŭ֢֮
Ҿ֡
˼棬˺Լ֪
ŭɱǧģ˻򡣺Ҳԡ
Ǹп֡
ûһʹˡСǿ򺣣̫ģʱ֮¡Сϵ⣬үˣӡȥ˽ӻɡԺúùӡ
ȴԸǺԸҪʹ˵ļȲˣҲû˼һ뵽ղƣһһ
СϵͿôôꡣˣûиɿ
һĪֻһңҲӦˡܽ
Сϼβֱ̾
ˣʱֱӰСӵſڣϴ϶飬û˹ɡ㣬룬ԺǷ˵뿪˴塣


86 
СЩ,  ʱС˵һ䣺СȻĻˡ
ͷϵ˿ŵˡ
ѶӴůů֡ӵֶǱģԺ,  ͸סòá
С˵ͷ
СĶ䣬С˵һ仰뿴ܲ
СŸо˵,  ̰ʹĶչȥ
ۿˡһҴκġ
Сһû¶һֻ塣ǵʲôʱǣ֪ʲô,  Ȼί,  ûк⡣
ⲻ֪Сһ仰ȴԽ,  еĺͲȣһ󣬶ӾͿʼʹ
ԱС,  Ժ󳤴,  ȥҵھ͸Сһ顣СҪСˣʱܵˡ
СһֱǼСġƽѧáҲһǰڴﻹ,  û,  һ뵽Լܵ͸ԺʲôóԵĶԡ
Сͷ,  Щޣס,  ֻ˵һúӡ

Ӽ˵ױӣһЩ˳Ѵ峤ĻûȥˡǼһʳȱ˼ҿԣҶԷˣӿ϶ѡ
ȥˣӷҲû
˺þûˡ͵˼ˣֻ,  ˻ЩпԭĹϵôõСڣƵá
뵽ЩҲᡣ
СȻˣҲЩǳ֮ɫҪһ
ԼҵĺӣܸܵӵСһһĺ󱳡
ӷô
ߵʱ˵ˣ̥󲻺ãǱסȥͳԵġһ档˵˵׵ġ˹ϵܣҲýǳֻǷҪע壬ûˡ
Դ򺣷ֿ֮󣬾񱻳ƵáȻҲ޻ЦüͷʼսţСҲû취һ㡣
ӷϾôһܲôƫƫһķʽ˺
ӷ¶򺣡
ǰڴſĵ峤ʱ򺣽峤ְλ
ڴҲһٮٮߡ
˻˶߿һۡʱҲɪģĽ
ԴӺӷ᲻һ˿ʼ̤ʯˣﲻһٶİ¶ҪйһϵɱǴξ͸ˡӹһ֮󣬲úȴǾƽ
˲ʶôҲѹһѺƴϡ顣
Ҳá
ӷӣеأӲ⡣
Ϊ¶ϱȺŮ˽гȥüΡϲŵġһȺڻߣ˵û򺣵Ĵ¶뵽ǽʱ䶼Ӳˡ
һʱϲŻ
ﻹճԲʣˡҲỵһ¾ˡ򵥵ĳһڡڵĺ硣
ӷѿյůůģСȻͻ˯ˡ
ӷڿǽ棬˯м䡣
ȥ˯š
ӷ§ס˵ĻӷĶߣһ˿˿ȵĸоҸ򺣲һͬΪ¶ĸо
˺ӷһǣźӷĸ첲ӷε§ס˶ΧаȫС
ͷһҹӷҲΪ򳤵˺ü˺ۣû˯ˡӷ˼ĺ˱ڻȴ˯ˡ
ӷЩӣҾҪæˡ
Ҳ᲻ҹûеƣ̧ͷȥչ㡣һӷЦЩգúӷῴ£ֻùǱ߳ԲáǳԵĴ϶ûСľϸ
ӷˣǱߵﶼ˴ˡҲûסر䣬նٶů͡Ǳסʣ¾סˡ
ӷڶܾ׼ס촽ȹ꣬ҾͶϢһӣڼ㡣
Ķȴķǵҡ
Ĳãӷÿηڲģͷ
ںӷĻﲻ˵ˡ
ӷ˳ϻһ飬ȻȻ߰˯ءˡ
벻ңӷȫе롣
ҲֻиĵķݶǺ죬ܸоˡҲ˵ӡ㡣
ӷĻſ


87 
ӷڼҴ,  һʱŪͷ˳Ѽⶡһ,  պͷǰ׷óԡ
ӷһȥسǣǼﻹһһС,  ܲܰ˶ڼɣ
ӷ׼˺ܶ,  ʹŵ̶һֻɵĽѼ,  ⶫֻҪϹһܳԣζ϶÷š
ӷʰʱе㲻ᡣ
ӷӺ§ס,  ֻҪϢͻ
ִϻҵ׺ࡣкʵЬ棬߲,  Щģůʵ֡
ǴӹӵǸ߼ģ˵ͷ˲ܴĶϸϸĴ,  һ֯˫һ˫ǰǰҪʮ,  Ҫӵġ
ⶫᱡټϽ,  ЩǮ˵ϲ
ӵǹϵ,  ֻ˸ɱ롣ӵһŪ˫˫˳Ĵ󻧣һ˫ˡ
ƽջ࣬漰ӷʱ,  ̲סٶඣ䣺óһҪֽţȻġ
֪ӷڴ¶ϴĺ,  ǻչԼ
ӷĶ䣬С֪ˡȵ˳Ķ䣬ꡣ
񱾲췽СȻȥԺտĴӺǻͻȻܻ˳ɻ꣬˿űһ鲻á
һ뵽ӷҪˣͲƾˡĴϡͷҪҸĵط˯
ӷָһͷָһ¡
档Ҹղ˵ȥûУ
ӷЦȥˡĶߵȻȻ˿ɣСܲһֱ˯ò׻һˣ´λҪˡѾ˺ˡ֪ƤҲ͵ң
˼ͷ¶˹ĺ󾱣
ӷֻҧһʱûסĶҧһڣûþеĵطӷסƺһ
ӷŻعƵãһ¸ղ¿ڵĵط
ˣûһۡȴ½Լе꣬кӷ⣬ֻõ㿴Ϊʰİͷûģ
ӷûˡ
ͷĽŲСȻŻˡһ
Ȼݵʱ򣬱ӷᱧСһ˵ġ˷ܵͷ˸ѩˡͷѩܺһŪõġŪ֦辵Сѩ˵ĸ첲ú۾
Ūܻ֮ҫ
ӷһһ¶Ӻ˵һȥ
һް˴ŵԺӡȻһѩѩˡ
СȻ꣬ŪѾˣӷҰͰɣ˵ͰСѩŪһ¡
ԴŪԲȻҲ¶ѹʵ°ϱӺ۾ѹʵ֮󡣶һ޾ͽʵˡͷ̫Ҳ׻
ȻȻ˷ֱܵQ
ӷᱻӳݵĿ佱Ҳá
ǳԵ˶ȺģԵĺˬ
꣬СһҪȥˡӷ᲻֪ӳɼô첻ö١
ѶݵСҲˣӺһ˯Ȱ˯ˣȻĵĻ˷䡣
ջ˷䣬ﻹϨŵƣհްѵȴֿǿյģ˱ڿˡϤǾ˿ͣǱȼĻ档
ôĿƣ磽⡣ֵ˶죬˲ŽİЪ
ڶӷҪ뿪ʱ򣬸۵Ѿ۵˵˼䡣
ԼԼˣʵ̫ǼûӦӷᾹ󵨵˹˫ַķ䡣۾ֻܷСһʡ
ӷôܵס޲һء
ʱǺϼ촽Ҳ͸˵ˮ⡣Ĳкܶĺۼ
ɳˣһңȥɣĪ֡嶼͵ʹʵԶڱ֪ĶСԣֱͷ
ӷƻˣæ˸ϴżû취Цݣãˡ
ȺӷһߣѴ˴ȳȥ緹ʱȴСѾˡͷҲˣЩ֪ʲôʱġ
һ࣬ƵɤӡӷŸߣеˡ

ӷصãȥͱˡҹٰ춹һɳٶ嶹ľⶼˡ
̫үڳ˼ͷŪ˸˹һͣѧͽһһģģֻҪѡްá
ӷȥһգЩ첶ͷɡĵӶǶĸֹߡ˼һ¶Чʴߡ
̫үźӷټ
ӷˡ
̫үôĴʩټϴѩ֮£ȨĿ÷ǳʹ
̫үҸ˵ˣһ۸񲻹󣬺ȵĻȺϰҲմǡ
Ϊ˰أû뵽һЩǮҲϲĲԭǮǮһҪûúĻһղ˶ãǲ⿡
˰ѰչϣЩϰշǳлء
̫үֻûǮˣʲôԣءεʱ̣޽ǽ֮ġڻҪǺͶǮֲˣϵӻʣ
ȥɽա
棬ֻҪͿ׬Ĳ̫үôɣǾ͹˴š
ӷкθ߼
̫үʱûСǳǰЩӻչһЩשߵҤ
̫үԴӣڰ˶֮󣬻ûʲôܶŹ֮鷢еãûʹѩֵǰȱٴģټϰӶţҵĲ
е֮飬Դڸˡ˳ȥɻгްţµӻܱʳ
ûʲôѰµġ
̫үδ¶ȴϵӲ㣬ܵһЩơʺӷûʲô⡣
ӷֲ¶ѾŪˣ
̫үͷ
ӷⶫѵĵľһʡȻ˶࣬ǮҲ١ǰֵ֪ʿƵøĶһС¾ҪʮӣҪǰһӿ⡣ʱ˼ʶ
̫үôأ̫үʵ¶Уʵڲ̫֮ǰ᳤̸̻
漰ǵ򣬶
Щ̵У̫ү൱ڽֵġһҪ볡˵ܵӰ죬̫ү̫
Ū̫үֲܷ꣬˼˵ʲôġֻĲ̫Ϸ峤֪ˣΪڸء
Ǯ޷Ǿ˰ѹե̻һЩ«֮ġ
ϰҲӡãʲôʡ
ӷῴ̫үΪǮܡˣ˵ʳΪ졣翪һӡһЩԵС̻ͷطӡ˳һʲ֮ġ
ӷ˵Ǹ̫үˡáͿʼоˡ
Ҫһʳ̵¶ʹˡ
̷񣬻м̫үʱһǽֻ³صӣ񵲵Ĵǽˡ
طͿˣΪʮ̯λҲˣ¥طûзֱֿ⡣
ʮ԰ڷʮŴӡ
СطݵطСΪӲȡ
ҶûʲôӪ̫үŪ㻨˶Ĵءһֳ»ˣ˳ȥ
ӷǸʮӣλñԼĵ̿ǿ̫ˡֵٽ档ʩǸ¶һʮףǰڶһһȾУǴõ˶ᡣҪǿűͳɡ
˰Ŵһҵ˳˳ʮָŴʹˢ룬ߵС
Ҫ¶ߣ֮ġ
̫үһ̯λǻֳĲˣȻЩ統ĺóԡǮ˳ЩͲһˬ˵ôϡĶҪһü۸񣬲һ⡣
һլڴƣϵĽ֪ĺܴ󡣿⼸үȴȱȱӡǰﲻ棬ܵҪ档һ𣬷û˼ˣʲô󰣬èġ
һɫ·Źӵҵǵһ˼
ڳ˶ǲȱǮĹӣ崫Ӷꡣʲô˼¶
Źӵ̫үǿһůи̯λôġԼ沢һʱҼĳӹȥ¶һ֡
ҵһġ
Ҳţֻ֪˼ʲôط
ŹӸһè֮¶ԺֻС
ŹӵҲ£ҵûáķǴصģҲǴͷģ֪ʲô˼ȥڸ̯Ҳ۳Ժȣҿ˵ԼԼһĴָ
ʵ԰ڣ
㣬ǰȡһҵ㣬ƶ֮ĨϵȻѬģԵʱһ壬ִ࣬Ҳһ衣Ȼִˣ;ƣζѵġ
첻ݣССĻᷳҪҸ¶ɣûȥ̯λˣȥ
үһҲġ
˭һûиõóֵĳԵģֵһˡ
ǣǰЩ˲Ʋô鲻УԺ֣ۿڼġ
ǰ͹Լˣ˲֪ǵĲŻ
Ҽҵĺɻô
ɡ
ϴҵһӣءͷˢϷ۸һ
ЩǮ˼ҵĹӣǮˮƵá
Ʊû׬Ǯ⡣
Źû۰أյֵҲ£Ħȭ˵ҪһȴһҪ¶ǲ˵ѡ̯λʱвأڿûˡ
Ӵһӵġȥҡ
۳ǮǷˡ
һмֳƲҵ϶ðˣ˸̯λﶼԹʳҪǮǼ۵ģ˵Ǯٲܻر
ʱűˣǸˡǲӣҲҵۣ޵׸ҵңСҪֻ÷һˡ
⻧˼ҵԡ
˵Ҽ⣬ɣҿǳӣǸתҡ
⼸ϻܵڱأүǵƵãֱǻر׬
ƺǵɻǿֱȥðֱӸӣġ
״æߴټӵ϶ȥתˡ϶Ҳȥˣһ£˿ĻŵôӸô
϶ó˼ˣء
Ѵĸһ˵ԭǮҲ̯ء֪Щڣӻģ֪ˡ
ĳҲڶݡ
һʱس˶֪ЩǮ˶Ǳӣ˵Ҫһ׷׺Ĳˡ


88 
յĴѩͣˡ
ŵһͣ,  ϵ̫үµϰնˡ
ڿϰնɨѩſĶų
ӷھֵ,  ʱ,  ӷ͸Ǻ졣ӷᵱ˸ͷֳǵϴ߶ľ͸ڿˡ
ӷչͱӵˡ
,  ƽЩģ׷׸к
ӷ򵥵˵˼仰ͱǴ󵱼ҵĸ
ӷϴ˵Щţ⣬ôû·Ū
ھֵĴ󵱼ҵȻ,  ǿҸǡӷ򵥵˵һ¡ϴһ·϶вٵֵӦš
꾰Ͳãټʳݼ۸񶼷ǡöЩȥֻɱţġԭǱߵţ,  ֻ̫ˡһòôĻһ˾ǧ𣬲һͷţ⡣
½,  ƫģϸ,  ΢峴ˡţⶫζʻ֣û㱾µĳӶζôĶ
͵Ǯ˼Ҳмڳ,  ûǮ˳Բ
ӷһ¡һʮһ,  ǧʮӡ
ȸһɡ¶Ⱦͺ,  ͷשͷһ,  в
ӷѺˡصķþͶʮǮӷҲˣ˭ֻлԴ
Ū֮ȥ̫үһſŵӡ˳ھֳȥ,  ھ˵ʮͿ԰Ѷ
ӷʱȥһЩߡ
ڹڹҪ˸˽ǱҪһɵӡ
ǸǱߵĽ˶һЩᡣ
سǵȻͷߣǿһ䡣ѩͣʱֻЩӰˣŵֻмҡ
۳򶼿ҪˣϰնҪ㶫üͷ¡
һ࣬ûһ·϶˼Ǻ«С̯λ⻹ûһһǺ«Ͷ߰˰ˣ
̫ү˱ҲȺСһ´ϾΥ֡
첶ͷں棬Ҳյġ
ûһȺϳ̫үġ½ֵϸˡ
ү
ԽӶûôˡ
Χкܶδİĸо̫үжġ
в̫үǸůʳ̣ʲôʱ򿪡
̫үЩ緢ˡ
̫飬̫үԴͻȥˡҪ쿪ˡ
Ⱥӷھֻʱ˵̫үڵء
ӷȥ̫ү
̫үڵ飬ӷ֮ͿԿˡֻĶ¥û취ͬʱڵȹߺء
һȿ
̫ү˵ѾǰѻֵĲõģʱڷŹȥ
Ե
̫үһȥΧðţ֪ͨЩ̻׼ĺһ㡣
ϢҲǰ֪ͨȥˡ
ûȥſҵȥתתǶ˵ˣǱ߿˺üǽů͵ްסƵá
˵߲ˡⶬʲ˰
ЩǮĸǣҲ˵Щ쵽ιӵܣҪ¶һ֡
༸˼ң֪ڸʲôãѾˡôûȥתתѾ˸ƻˣóȥһ
ʱת˲šͷŵƽʵġ̫үҶаټ¥
첶ͷǰʨӣʨֵϷ롣ϰհΧġ
ΧԱά
ʱҲһû뵽ôࡣ
ʨӱ̫꣬ү˸Ǯ׼һʱʼűڡ
ֶ
̫үһеϰҲŹȻҲٲ᳤̻Ķ
첶ͷҲϲĸڴҵĺ棬̫ܿүʹ˽ȥˡ
߿ʼﱸ깤ȫǺӷһ˲ٰ죬˶ûȻ֪Ӵͨˣǲ̫áΪĵطƣ˭֪һȥ̯λҼһĳӶϸڡ
ʳﶼѾ߰˰ˣɢŸָ˵ζ
һ¥̫ү߲̯λϱ߶ڷŸָʵ߲ˡһǸժģ͸һˮ۵ĸоЩڶ켫Ϊѵã˵ˣͶúá
̯λ߲ˣһӲͨͳһް޿ЬһʮģѾвٸ˶յˡ
ҪĶѾ㹻ˣжġ˾óȿԷϰգֿԸӵ롣
һް۸񲻹󣬵ʵ߲˼ۿɾ͹ˡ˵ĶʮһЩӣ֮ʮһ
ֲ˲ףҪ˲ߵľͲǱ·ӡ
˱¶е棬̫үߵ⼸̻ˣñˡǶԲˣĶԹ
˵̯λҲе˼Źӵ㡣һԣըҲʪ裬Ūõ㱻⸬ĴС
ͷߵԳԡһƴ㣬ӡ˶˵ãǿԼԳĵڶ飬һǰûԹĿڸС
˶ǮСŹСˡ鷳ҪһЩʱ򣬲ѵַ¡ҸλүȥЦģ
ȥˡ
Ա߻ţ⡣룬֮ġϯ϶Ӳˡÿһ̯λֵĺϷ
̫үҲ˵ЩҹӸŪ⡣ڳЦڡ
뷨ࡣ

ڳˣǴ̻Ӷв٣ǿһ̯ӣȴЩڣǵôûŪ̯λһء
ߴ󲿷ĶǸ߼۵СԡֻʵݵģһҲҪʮҡ
ͷŻǽأǳů͡
֮ǰأ֮Сš̯λмΣ߻ƵģԱߵ̯λһЩԵСˡߺȵƳԵСˣɱڼһ̹
תһȦԴ˲ٵ⾭ҪľǸ˳˶һЩˡÿʮҲɫʡǼˣ߶ʮʲأǴÿʮֲ˴䣬һʮ
Ҳˡ
̫үмָˣȻӾǮ
⼸ܵ𺳣žʹѼٸôࡣ˷ѣ˵У˾ǲư
ǳȥ֮󣬲½ķ˽ȥǮҲ٣ԼǸĶҪŪӣҪ֧һ£ȥһˣû֧֣æĲɿ
ԼǸӣĲУԺֻ
˼ҲԸ⻨Ǯ²ˣ۲֮ʲ˻ȥӳԡ
Ҳ˶ްȤ䶼ǴǮġ
ް
ԱǸСȴһֻһס
զǮ׬
С˵һͷųʮףҪһΡȻûˣûˡ
ʮ˲ȥˡ
̯λˡŪ˿Ҳۺ졣ǵתȥһˣôȡ˲ð׵Ӳˡ
лҪ˵ǣֻһǷһ첹


89 سǣ
ΧӼ״׷׿Ӫҵ,  ߻
ھֵʮˣ˳ʵţ⡣
ӷȥѻ˻̵ʱЩ⣺Щⶼѹǵģ
԰ھֵ˻ش
ӷû뵽ԭ˻ͦʵڵ,  Ҫǲͷ,  ɱеı˶ˡ
ѻﶼ֮󣬰βҲˡ
һ¥ɴ˷ͷ̯λļ۸ڴǡ
ӷĹһ,  ͰŴˡ
ڶһ磬۵ĵطѾдˣ¥ѾšӭȥǱ߳ԡ
ߵʳȻŵζҲİд˼־ޡϾζһꡣ
¥һ,  ƯͭεĹ߹һ棬ͿܺÿΪС
Сǰ,  һ⡣۸ֱĺġ
ͷЩ۰ײо,  滹һӵİѳıӡޱһ档ùӵѱˣдζ
˻ǱӶ͵,  ֮⻹˺ͱӾҪǮˡ
ֹţ⡣Ͱţʱζˡ
¥µЩ,  Ǹݳ޻ƽ۵ʳ,  ڳĹ񫡣
ζһò,  Щʳ͵ĽŲ벻ԼʹƵ,  ʱ򣬲һӴ
ߵӺ˼,  СʱڵðµһƴС̨һӡȵķʽһֱάڵӣ
һţġ
Ҳһݣݵġ
ⶼõģһ£ϱӣͿԶǰˡ
ʳѾԿˡ
ǰֻţζأӲҧ˵ţΡΡģ͸ӣһ㡣һζԲ
ڳ⣬һ¶ĵС͹һ˳ˡĲоۣе𣬸ɶҲóԡ˺һӣýһζ޵㡣
Եһֱʱѩ·ʱԸˡ
ųһΣͿʼ´ٳɶζ߻һЩ׾ƣˮһŲͷԼϼ˴ĳһءںȾƴ⣬ɶ
껹͡Ҫǰµַʱͳһ͡
ʱǵǳԵˡ˻ûҪһݻȥü˳һ
¥ζһѬһ¥Ŀ˲ס¥ܣûмֵܵסζġûһ¥Ϳˡ
һʮӡ
⻹˲֪أúӷǰ׼ѰֶǰҺˡټŴǰæһ׷ӦżҪˣء
ӷˣպãҪٶ⡣
ӷǮȥھ֣ôܻӭЩţ϶ǲġټǳȥһʵ̫ˣҪǰ׼
ھֵϰԣǱߵⲻˣƾһΡǱߵĶǴ⣬ɱˣ˼ˣҲ׷Ǯ
ھֵϰһ£ǻʱ·ġ·ѾЩˡˣʧҪͷڷԣһŮģҪûֻܿˡû˸ھЩ˸׳οǵϻ嵶
ӷ֪ˣҲⰲȫȥж⣬˻ǮҰҵϣһ
ﲻˣҲǮˡӣÿ컩Ǯ
ھֵϰ˵ͷ
ӷȥ̫ү̫ү˵ء
ӷ̫үҲһ˽⣬֪̫үȻܾд֣黹
ȥͨһͷš
̫үдһ룬˵ӷˣֱӰѱʷһߣ
̫үÿ˵ǮһʲС롣ʣܲٿһҲ
̫үһˬЩ̻Ҳȱӡſء
ȴû뵽̫үԱ߻һӷᡣ
̫үЮֵĸоãʵƯЩ̻ǿԼ
ӷͷ̫үڣҪͱ̫үסʵôˡ
̫ү֪ӷǸʵ¶ˣһû¶ҲҪչ
ӷ᲻ˣض¶
ӷͰھ˵ͷ¶˵˳
̫үϻмЦ⣬ӷ˵꣬ϾͳҾ֪ΧļûҵġЩʹġ
˵ͬǵ뷨ÿԼأ̫үܺԼؾˣûȨָֻŵġ
һ뵽ôϺ죬ϰձ뿪һ˲ѵĳ̶ȲŻ
̫ү˳ȥ鿴һжͷʲô
̫үǰ첶ͷй̸¶Դϴδʦү첶ͷû֮󣬾ͰѾƸˣ浽
ʵźš
첶ͷһ͵ˣҡ
̫ү˵ͷ
첶ͷһӷҲڡûʦү֮¶ֻˡﶼһ̲¶˼ˣ϶Ǵ¶
첶ͷ֪ʲôĿźӷᡣ
ӷڱͷ¶ء
첶ͷһ⻰ˣҪЩšǵϰҲһΪⳡѩʵ̫ˣ˵ϡ
첶ͷǵĳżӹ̹ЩӲˡ
˵ˡЩ·ϣʵ˸һسǣЩɱϰˡǽǾǲȶأϰմܶ鷳
첶ͷˣǽңҴʮټٸסšǰô˵ʱĶЩ۶̥һĸı䡣ȥʰһЩëûʲôѶȣ
̫ү˵ͷ˻˵ûиһ׼
̫үЩƣҪһ飬ͷתת
첶ͷȥ֮󣬰ѺӷһϢңϵܣ˵˵⵽ô¶
첶ͷҲ֣̫үغӷᣬӷûԽİټϺӷҲġӰ첻󡣷ͨӷ˽һЩ飬ʡһϹ¡
ӷͰ˵ˡ
첶ͷ̫ү˰ɡô겶ͷͷһο̫ү̫үܱĳӲҪǿϺܶࡣ
ӷ̫ү붬ʱ򻹽ǵĵȥ飬жˡʱֻвˡ鱨ضУû뵽ǰһôһ롣
ӷԼ첶ͷҲӦˡЩȵ̫үЩˣ
ӷȻ֪ǵûΪܵѩسǿ϶û⡣ôģˡ
첶ͷ˼һ£֮˼ոջçײˡ
лҪ˵һ


90 þ
ϵʱ,  ̽Ϣĵۻˣͨ죬,  Χسǵϰնͷܡ·ϺʬҰ,  һֱߣʮˣһϾͿԹ
һﶼŲ̣˵,  ӹĻΪͷ񿴵ͷľһ𺳺ܴ·˺ܶˡ
ЩŵҲûõĶȥϴֵͷ˺С
ԽԽ,  ǴͷްĺЩס
ֻܶŵѣɫ÷ࡣ֮ǰЩʲô׼أǵĵе,  ϺôһЩֻȥ߹,  ׷ϵûС
첶ͷô˵Ҳ˳˼
̫үǰЩҲ˵Ū˸ٰשҤô,  ǱȱˡƬשͷ֮ģ˶иõȥ,  ԸשҤɻЩѵһ,  ÿߵĿ׿ȱٿԱ֤סһ͡
첶ͷӢ
ӷ϶Ĳ,  ̫үˡ첶ͷҪʲô,  ɷԸ
̫ү˽˯ˡˮ࣬ȥˡѸҲ,  ҪЩˣֱӳȥ
áͰٰשҤλñȽƫƧسǵϡǱ߻мշӡ궬䣬ʹˣһֱûס
ӷ˹ȥǰʰһ¡
Щۣϰʱ飬ǰôˡ
ôǺ
ŵƻͨġ
Դ̫үôĺ¶֮Ŀܺʹ˲͵˶ٶˡ
¥Ź⡣
ѾҹˣЩӻİգԶԶĿ񿴼ϣƵá
ǰسǡǶѾû֪ˣ
šӶЩ˷֮ɫ
Ǵ˵ȴЩ̣ǲ뺢ô棬һ··üسǣЩ˸ǽǣγ˭ҪǸҴȥͻᱻɱ
ЩʮСףܻһĺӣҶҪŮӡӾ֪ǶĺӲ⡣
ʼģҲסʳǵǱ͵ˣǱˡǿǰŮ˻ʳҲûһ˻
ǰ֮Ҳˡ
ŮǰҲµظɻģ׳ʵӲڡ
˻ŵѾˡ˿϶ˣŮĵıűߴˡ
ǰѵĶͬ磬иүǻõ㣬ҪˡһŮӿô
üûԵʲôˣ˾ѩԡšۣŮҲ˵Ϻͽ϶Ƕ޲ˣʡ
үûҪúõĻš
˵ҷ°ɣ岻Сһ˵ܱ˵ºáյԺģѵʱ٣ÿһλĶܸоԼڻǰ
ûֻ֮ǰϱô˵ģһ׬ӣҲأ˼ҡȥˣΧ˶ҡǴŮչ˵ǴϴҲԿ
ΧȰðʵϱҲøԼһиŮչˣҲܷйʡľʢûʹЩĶûüչѩˡ˭һүǾȻûкǿȵµˡ
ϱ忹Σ𵱳׵ʱϱǸ֪µũѾͷѾӵˡ
˵һ仰ˡϱĴϢԽԼˡΪºӵķޣĺܱɡ
Ҳֻп֪ⱲӣɶġΨǰ˲ĸһֱȴͻȻʶ
Ҳǳ˵ĻعⷵգⱲҶԲס㡣ҪˡҵЬﻹӣǮκ֪ʮˡҶչһµܵǡˣҲĴͺˡչ㡣
ּ֣ϾҪǰسˡʵû˵ԼҲټˣһšҲͼġֻҪܸǰһȥ˶ֵ
ҹƮѩ֮ǰԶԶĿ¶ô˷һ㣬ǿѩһγ˹ȵס
һĨ¥ƵáԶҲﲻĵط
ͨһߵ˵¡Χĺǿ޺һľǰߡ
ûж࿴һۣµǵá·Ͼ̫ˣһ˻
һѰǰسˡдӡȺءټּ֡
˵Щһ·ϴƭǰʱ˵ǡ
˿̵ѩϵˣлһǰߣܻ
֪ܵᣬᶳɱѣõӸһʹ
ûޡ˭ҲȲ׵Ҳʵ̫ˣ̧
ۿҿԶˣʱ䵥ҪôһҪô϶壬ܻţֻת˲亢Ӿˣһֱͼڰϡһֱͦͦĵȥ
οżߡ
ҲģһȪ·ҲµӾǿ˵š
ʱյЩͣǰȺ
ߵһǧˣ·һ롣Ƕֽͣ˾֮ǰҲйΣڷַ̻Ƿȴǽ
Ļȥˡ
ڴ˱˵ʱ򡣾˴˵ҷ̫ү֮ǽسǡȱͽȥ˸ߡ
ߣ
ҲС
һ۾֮ɫ̫ˣоˡҲ̫үʮſʮʣǴнġװ˽ȥûߣһЩ
һ·ΨһϽǵá
ٶȱǽų̿죬͵֮۷ȥˡЩֵܼѾǿ֮ĩӷǺǣ
һ۷ΣǶȥسǡߵƻͨȥ֮󡣿ĴʮˡÿһݶôˣʡȻ˻𿻡
ůѾǺܳʱûܵġ
Ҽһһһĸо͸ǳĽ
Ҹôˣǰˡ
ԣҵ
ӷѾ࣬һ˷롣߶ѾˡҪзȵģҲҪǰôȾˡ
̫ûԶˣֻһγ԰ϡࡣȻܲˡ
ӷ۵ѣ̤ʵ˲٣ллү
Щ˶Ͻǵس˸м


91 
û˵ٻ,  һڵͰˡȻֻа룬ŴЩһڶȥ
ʳʵ̫,  û˵ֿסջ,  ˶ǣůķж,  һ
Щһ·̫ˣһɾͿʼˡ
ϣһĴ򶼹ˡҩǹȥΧչˡ
ҲŶҩ
æһϣ̫үҲһֱǡ
ӷǸܰ¶,  ̫үιʮˣ˺Ӷϡаʮ֢˸ְ취ء
Щ˶ˮδѾǷǳˡ
̫үղҲһЩ,  Щﲻζ
̫ү·̫ˣû취,  еı߶ﲻٳǮˣܲİ취ùȥްˡ
ѩ֮,  ϼ۸ǡȻǲġ
ӷܲȥЩǮ˼һԵͷǮƽûǮĶ,  ǲƽ
첶ͷ¶ȥ졣Щ˶졣ֻҪ,  ҪһЩľѻǿԵġ
ӷͷҲ¶˵һ˵Щٰ¶µ˶,  ʴûв,  ͳȥ¶
ҲԸġ
̫үһ˵Ƕλܰ¶ɲ١
첶ͷ,  Ҳһû˯ˣϽȥϢɣҪġ
̫үô˵ˣáҲȷʵеˡҲЪŰɡһ˻ȥ˯һҹٻһࡣ
ӷӦˣ̫үһҹеŲסˡ
ڶһ硣ӷȥ鿴ʱ֢ĶѾ˶ת
ʵ̫ˣʯҩҽ
ȥ˵ļˣҲһ·ϼ̫׵ĽˡܵһůĵطѾ컯ˡ
⼸ϯӾųȥˡ
ڶһ硣ЩգҲ⡣
ǵĲˣɢζࡣÿ˻һСͷ
󲿷ֵ˳࣬ͷ᲻óԣ̲ס
ֶͷֻҪܸһڳԵġǸʲôСѹˣүԺʲôѽһ·ӻļʶ̬֪ûа׵ڱ
ôһյú̿ʳöǮءʲôʱǾͲϸˡ
۸ӷᱨ״̬
ӷֱȥ˵һһȥ˵Ŀ;˹ĿееĲ
ӷǵĸͷӷᣬ̫ү֪أܶ˱磬ʵǿǴ˳ǳҹ£֮ǰ׼ʳ̿ǿߡȻһЩٰţ
˵⻰˷׷׵̫үǴˡ
Ǹͷˡ
Ҳп·ʧȥˣҪֵܼھͺˡ
ӷ˵ߵЩܹͬѾһ·סṳ̊ʵĵطˡ
ӷȻҲѩֵĳǵʳҲԡ˾͵øɻ׬ȡԼʳһٰƬשʯͶͭǮѡʳӡǱֵĺãأ
⻰һ䣬ڳ˺ˣʱԸоسǶһ·ϵĻѩɨؤûУ϶ԣ뷨Ҫȥͺˡ
ûȱ˾ܾԼ;òܡ
˭ҪЩȴû뵽ߵĵһ͵õôĺϢ
ӻĵʱ򣬼ʣƷˡ˺ǮʲôĶˣûʲôġҪطǺ¶
Χӷô˵ҲЩȡ
̫ү˵ġשҤ߱ȽϻǰŴŵġЩǻൽĸﶼʣǶΪһ塣ڷӵͺýˡ
ڴͨｫţǰשҤŪǷӵ¶ϰҪؾ͸ˣ߻ĵض࣬ȿѸţҷʺúŽһŽͷ겻ũ˰ˡ
취ܱѶࡣ
ӷЩ˵ԭľһйˡ
ʲôʱʼɻءѾˡ
ӷżʮ죬̫ˡö˸ҪﲻҲ򽲡ÿͣѰ£ȻҪȥˡÿҹڡ¶͸˵
ǣүü˵š
ӷȥķȥ˵Щע顣һߣе΢ɧ˵ĶǶδӵĳ롣


92 ͷ
ڶһ,  ˾֪һֵϰգ˳ǽƫԶĵطû·,  سϣҰѲҪļ輸
Ϣһ,  ܶӻԾľѡ
ЩҼҴɶѾСʱѣϴģǴɡ
ЩʰСӵѡ޵Ѵȥ,  øȥ
ЩѣүӾɣҿˣûв
ͦĵģӷֵллҡ
Щͨ˶ʵ,  лãһлǺѣҪͶ·,  ҲƲҵĳ
Щѩֳ˵󡣵˵ҲǲתãͿʼˡ
յ˲ٵ,  ϸŪˮ,  ¨֮ġЩֵǮӶϡ
Ҿܸ,  ŪһӶŲˡǲϸ,  һɡ
еʮ,  е½š˵ʱҲɹס˴Ӿ֮Ҳû,  սˡ
޶ŮЩмҲֻܱһЩݱ֮
ӷᷭʱŷɣʺɡṩԵġһҲް,  ްת־ġ
ȱôһʵѡ
ǽҪúøɡǰеѷֺࡣеģŮģĶֺáһЩѻҪϴһ顣Ūټùȥ˵Ǳߵ·̭ϴ·͸Ƶã
˵ˣҲҪǵ·ЬӣڿʲôĶɸɾġǰѶҪյôۻ
һ֮ڷּٶѣɲһ׵¶˰æ£ӲǸʰϰųһȥǷѡ
һ˵ѴǶܸˡǰΪƲѣڼѾ˻õľЩԱ
ǿЦ˵ؤĶ档
˭ߵλôϸģ¶ܼǵáЩϰյİģǶԸǷ
һ·յĶǸָİۡһİ⣬ӯ
ǵĵطǱ߻ˮ裬Լϴһ塣
ԭˮװˮһϴҲˡϴɾͷѣ񶼻ٲʱˡ
ǻסʰһ¡Ųͬ
ʰûһ˾ˡǰЩӴ˵һֱͷЩӾָˣͳˡζ˱ǡ
ȻֻͨĳƬǻųͣ⡣
򷹵ʱ򣬷һˣһ裬ݽȥ׷˲ζһ׷һڹƬˬ𣬾ǰδζ
ӰܳϳˣƵáôõǶˡںö˴ߴ٣ʲôʱשҤܿҪһɻ
Ȼô׳԰ģⲻȥ
Ȼżﲻż̫үÿůǱߵ⡣˾׬˲١Щ˵ĳԺȣ´ࡣ
ҤǱۣһɲġڵ廹ûг˵
ӷϺü¶Ҫ緹ʱѾˡ
ӷϢһӣǱ߱Ŀһ۵һ̶ȣԷ
ûһ΢ĶӷϢţҲգΪ̫үֽ¶¶̫ࡣӷ۾ЩȣĲǱˣһʳУӷˣЩ˼ҳˣ
ӷȥӹʳеʱĵϱ֣Ҫܸоָϴ¶ȣΪء
ӷῴǾôˣûжᡣ
ڼû¶˼㳢Ҳӷˣֻܽͷ
õϵ̷ȥӷ˵˲ٺû˵˲ϳԡ
Ŷĵġ´ŵ˭ӷôϾˡ
ӷϵЦݸӿˣϱóԵľ
ӷ˿ȴϢŸ˨ˡ
װ֪΢Ķ仹ǳ
ӷźֱӴӺ汧ס˴ŶЩ˴˵¶ȣƽܵ鶼ֻһͨӵȴ˲ͷ
ѰǽԸ񣬿Ҳ֪Ǳʲô̼ˣ§ס˺ӷĲӣһס
ӷᱻϱ¶ŪʧأԴǿհ׵ġֻһ뷨Ҫڡ


93 ĸζ
ӷȻع־ʱ,  Ѿºˡ
׵Ĳ϶Ǻۣѣϸȥмҡղͬʱʧ,  ںӷ,  ûŪ
˻ͷһͷ˽£ӷֻＫ䳩죬Ҳ̫,  Ȼӷǵɡ
ܱ˹鿿ľʮԣȻǡ
㣬Ե㶫ûҺӷĳԡ
ӷȻûгԷˡԡһ飬ʮ,  ˿̴ʳУҲûԶɡ
Ĳɣƻڸղ¶,  ҵĵ˵ͷ
ӷʢ׷
ѲҲ˳м,  ⣬سСˡ
̫߳үܳԵóԵ,  Ƕǳʲôʲô
ӷ᲻ʳŵջǺܶ,  һԡ
ҲĶ,  ˰Ѵķ˶Թ,  ˼
Ŀɰ,  ۾ҿӷᣬҪؼҡ߸ӷ͵ɿڵķˣȴû뵽Ҳһء
û,  иղʧǵʱ򣬻ϡǵͷһֱҧأżмɢҲѸٻΪʣӦû֪ɡ
ӷɫôһ˸ȥʱ˵ô
š˵š
ӷϻüģ˵ȻȻҲˡһڼҲ˯ġȥˡ¹ѩ·Ͽ϶֣ͷԼؿڡ
֮ǰѾźüˣҲ˵ˣͷסһûʲôĶǸղŵĻ¶ԺӷᣬԲؼҡ
ӷһֱߡȥܲһߡ
⻰ʱӦˣأ
ӷһٻµġѾǸͷżһСҲ˾Ųš
ѾˣѩСʱ˷·ϣϧˡһ£ҽߡ
˵⻰ӷ˵İ˱һڡ
˵Ҳ֣ӷƽæʱ򣬲̫ңǿֻһʲôɣֻҪ߶Ǻõġ
Ϣңƽ˯̫飬ǿϢϱˣס߾Եֲ̫ˡ
ӷȥһˣһŪһµĴͷ
ȥһˣĽ˵øɩͷʲôġ
ӷЦǺǵӦˣü֮вزסĻϲ
֮СѾ򵥵ʰһ¡ɨһЩҰڷŵĶҲɾˣڲ͡
ӷᱧͷʲôĻ°Ѵʰһ顣˯ˣĻ໨Ѿȥչˡ
㲻æô
ӷˣû¶ĻǲǻһЦݡ
۾ȴ¿ӷֻñȹȥӢ˱ͻϲܵס
ӷûһ˴
оһݣ˳ƿȥӷ§˹
ߵϢСҲǻ𿻣еġӷһ¯
εıڻղŻӷᵹҲûɻ¡Ҳȥˡ
խĴϣصؼҹƵӡ
˴Щ˯ţ̧ͷӷᡣ
ʱʵ̫ˣԲŹֻ͵͵һ۵ĻӦòᱻ֡
Լ˳̧ͷ˭֪£ĸһ㡣
̧ͷŷֺӷҲڿ
ң°Ѿӷǯסء
˵֪۸ҡ
ӷôأһڡ
֪ͷɲղͷԷ裬ʱ򡣡
⻰˵ûͷûβģӷȴˡһ
ȻȻˡһȥ
ȻȻҲֻˡ
ӷļ򣬸пճʱôһڶˡ
ǰ˵ţòߡ˷ѣ͵ȻȻˡҾͰһ顣
ӷЦɵҪ࣬ȹһӣ춼ԻؼҡˣǿеķֿҲá
ķǵҪֲ㣡
ӷ˰ɡ
񿴹䶼˶ģ
ӷ§ԼĻ޲ܰеůġɫˣ˯ɡ˵ͰСƸϨˡ
ͷΪԼ˯أܸоӷϴ¶İûһ˯ˡ
ӷ͵͵һڣ֪


94 
ڶӷ,  ȥСŪ˵С˸ˡ
ش塣
һңͿϴζѵǸѩˡ
ԼҵСܳ,  ӷ,  С
ӷ˳Ƹ˱ȻȻʱʵ˲,  ӷһڣСӵĶģˡ
СȻͦţŵ֮ɫƯ۾һתֻԼȥ,  ҡ
ӷЦˣ㶼ǴӣϾҪ,  ôܻճŵء
֪Ǳæڼﵢ,  æӹӷỳСӣ,  õȥæ飡˵ˣյʱ㡣
˵ӷҪ,  СȻ᲻,  ͵ҽղô⻰˵ĿͰ͵ġ
ӷҲ̡ú,  ´λ
СȻȻ,  ǵ˵ͷ
ӷٵ뿪ˣ˵֮ܲ˸ӵķֱ
ȻȻսǰˡ
ȥӷỹһС滹ƽ֣ƽʱԲ·,  ¶ҲԻǮ
֮⣬Ҳһֻκؾûʲôƣ͸㲻Ҳ֪һ֧Ǽõġ
գתҲĿˡϻָյ֣̫үڲϲû¶ȥͣͣżһʴһȱʲôʲô
ⳡѩȻͦˣҲһ漣
һ˵ӻĵЩ˶ңǰҲϧ
׬һЩǮҼһóԷˣ̫үҪһ£Ůء
Ůҵ¶ɣλǲġ
ۿСȻգӷǰ̫ү첶ͷ˼٣ȥһˡ
Ž˴ˣԶԶľͿһĨɫԼӾһɫСңſڵأԼҵ໨ǰʱСһ˷ܵııųͿʼ
һ񺰳ˣҲˡӷǣ׵ĳжͣԺ
ûæ͸оСһһֱĿܣӷһ֣СӾԶġӷȻȻڻСһһס
ӷһ߱ףһЩεˣˡ
ǼȻȻվˣƯСټϻС񣬾ϡĲˡ
֪Ǹرӣǰһ¡
ȻȻͰͨСѴ˵޾ʺϴʵġǳÿ
Ա߿ӸϵôãȻȻһ۵ʱ򣬾Ҫҵˡ
ȻȻ͸ϵã
仰Щ͵͵һۣҲСáһˮƽ
ӷͷ䣬ݰɡ
˵ǡ
˶˺棬ҪȥŽ
һȥӭ˲ס˺ӷᡣյĺȣ𿻺ůǽյȺ
ӷͳ˼ȻһӲӵϵԪһӡԪǮ˼»ġɿɰǳѹ֣԰档
ӷԻǸֿʲôȱҪǸʲôǮʵá
ϴδµԪȻϲ˼áҲӣŻɡ
ӷŰɣԼҲ㡣
ƾΣӷʵĸǿˡ
һΧСߣȻȻա
ӷòˣȻȻʱ䶼ǳ˺ӷϣ
ӷҲճʱʱĵͷŪһСһֺСѾƣźӳȥˡ
ӷƵáŪóԵģǺ֡
ԺȻЦֲôճڼҲ档ղſˣӷСȻٹͷŶӷɷɡ
СȻδô񫡣
˵һ黹УҪ档
һ˺ӷŴӻݡϽһѣʡôСĺɲġ
СȻȥȷ֮ǰ٣Լܻѡ
ǰӸ˲ٵĿ࣬΢ӹĺһ㣬ڲƵáһĸõģѱȴ˻ࡣ
ղŴģүǰϲСͯӡȻȻԼӹѡһɫġӳĵķɫԽ𪣬Сģ
ӷῴž̲ס̡
Сӡ
Ѷĸģÿ
ӷյߵûҵģ
˵źӷǰһǰһŷϵ棬ӷԶӷһ߽Ͷ㿪ӻΪ˲ء
ӷôһ˵Щ˼
ӷƣʲô˼ġôһ˵صȻҵһѣǳɫģ֯رĲϣһ͵Ĺ󡣿Ӿͺܹ
ӷ᲻ôǰϸ޲ѡ
ӷһľǰһۡȾȥسǵѾͬˣͨѴϣȻмӳĵԽӢͦΡ
һأԶԶнŲܹӷסƫƧھӶסԶѩϸ֨֨졣Ǿרģ̳ȥһ
ȥ֮˨ӡض硣ǱҪ١
ּˡֵôӲҲô̸ؼլ¶βִͬˡҪǼٵĻƲӷᣬˡӴ峤˵ġ
ӷһģûͣȹȥɣԺ͵
˨һô˵ŻȥӷջݣϸﶼˣϽȥɣȥٳ¶
ӷһȥͷѩˣĹƵģǳȥ̹
СȻҲȥ档
ӷֱӱŵ߰ɡ
ŲͬôˣᱻЦġ
˭֪СȻһô˵˫§˺ӷĲӣˡ
ӷЦˡСӿɱ񻹽Ȱգ˸ˡ
Ҳ˵ʲôȴָĵ˵ӵεѽ
һȥˣһؼլǱȥʱ򣬺öҲǱȥ
ʱѩЩҲûĳţأ֣Ķвյĵ
ӷһң׷׿佱ԶԶҾͳŲ֪ļҵĺӣÿսҲŷǺȻ
Աߵ˷ϵöãܲô
ɲ͸СƵá
ӷ⺢ӿɲ䣬仹ԼأҪǱ佱Ҳˡ
ԱߵһЦ˵ġ
ӷּҵʱŶҲ㰾ˣװ
лҪ˵ǣֻһ


95 ؼ
ӷȥʱ̫,  ΧѾ˲ˡ
ԶԶľعùˣϸбʶȡ
ߵԽ,  ԽС
ҪļˣǸ͵ù飬ޣ㶼
عùСϡ
ʱСϷСںؼҲȡضʳ˸ü۸һʾ׬˲١û೤ʱ䣬һ磬عùþܹ,  ǴġѰ嶼ˡ
СȻϲŪɧڱҪġعùôһͨ죺ࡣǰؼԹ,  ҲǴһŮˡ
ĳ뱻ø,  ܻ
СѾףطϱ˺,  ǵ̵,  ,  Сǰ
أֿӷһĿͥŲĹ,  СԸںӷǰ·硣
Ժعùõؼôһ㲻֪ߵŮ,  첻ءզأѩ·,  Ϸˣ
عùǸ첻ߵģһ治ҪҪǸмԵġڳˮ¶͸һӡ˶Ǽҳ󲻿ǺΨ²ҡ
Сϸֻ˶,  ơ
СһڣΧҲǻ˵˭Ҳ̵ˣǵɤءһˣɶ¶¡ǵŪһҲ֪Ǹ˭
Ⱥڲ֪˭һ䣺ǣ໵ģѰ˼˭ҽء
ҲСϣعùε¶һŵ̱޶˵ᡣ
˭֪عùãǿʮĽҾҪǾͽԼҲͰˣ͵ˮˣҲ̫ˣ
عùȻĳ䳰ȷǲ֪ʲô¶ͰϡǸʡ͵ĵƣֶӺӷᣬԼӺãֻǵ춹ġ
֪ӷᵱںؼҵ¶ҲڳعùûͬˡӷᵭҲװˣԷֵļң㻹Ҽˣء
СϣҲعùáûضǰҩһҲǰٰޣʲô
ӷῪڣúعùЩ²̨ҲҶ˳ļӣϾԺӷڵ峤ء
عùöԸӷŤСϡҲαƤ㻹ϻڸġֻһ仰ǲ˯
⻰һ䣬嶼ˡ
סСȻĶ䣬ӲĿ˿±ס˶ҲȻܹԡ
Χû뵽⧲ģԵİԣ˲ã
СϸعùǹɩǸعùõ˾ף⡭
˵عùõ˿ʮ˴˻Ӵ򲻳һƨֺ֡СûëϹӡ
۾ץһҲôˣο˻ݹϵ
СɫһףźضҵģͿôԩң
ضԴӾôɲ֮ǰƵöСϰ䱦ر䵭㵽û
عùõޣļ벻˵⡣˸Ҥֻˡ
ӷһֱСϣ˽Сϡղſһ˲ı֪Сĸعøһ
СϿߺعùָʹӡַعùƵáصĿ֡
Ǵ˹ġ¶˵Ǹôܳϡ
˵Ѿȥöˣعùûץڴ˵ʲôûãǺعø˵Ҳϡ˵Ӵͨ۸һŮӵģֻһת˲Ͱѷ涼ˡ
˿̼ضȫȻмֺģȻǰղãҲضӡعùõĿˮҪ絽ˣض޶ԡ
СϵãǺ۸ҡͷϵˮ֤סҲŹģ
عùø˶ʱݵĶ˵һ˵΢ģӴŻ˭أҿɲҸ类תҪϽ᲻أ
⻰һ䣬СϾҪѰôɵȥײعùõĶײ
عùҲǵ֮ʱŭˣҲŪ㡣
˴һˡ
Ӵ峤Ӱ̫ˣæֹץͷ߶ӵģˣүȥҲֲˡ
ֵԽԽҲŪˡطɩһطϱأֵĵطܡ
˿æӲѼ˷ֿ˵·ЩˡͷҲһһƵģ˵϶в̶ͬȵĺۡ
С۵һ˳һʲôϰЩûйҲпͣȫι˹ˡ
عùÿװǱף㲻˵Ҫȥôôȥ
ط˵һ仰Сļˣһһǹùãʵǲ岻졣
ضүƵãһûҲûڡ
عùһ״ֵˣ֪һʲôɫ
Сһףãáվܵ˼Ĵ̼һֱƣӣһ춼ˣҪ롣
ضзӣӣںСϣźԼҲУҪˣøڵط
ЩǮĲһͻʮ˵ءضû£롣
СĨһᣬкͬϱȥԸԸԼߡûǮûأȻ뿪ֵܶ㶫
ֶԺطֻǸˣøߡ
عùõЩպأߣһһѡعùͱˡ
طһҸ
һ׳ʵĸҲˣͬ˵ߡ
ضһûģҵģסҵġ¶ŤߡɡǮͷ治ϡ
Ȼּͬң峤֣úضöʮԺӣϱСߡ
ضֹüμңǮ¶ʹǴ峤ҲʹʮӣҪҪҪʮûС֪ӵĺôǶ໨һǮܡ
峤Ǻ˵˵ⶬѣֳȥʳֹ󣬺ͬмطϱոУ²Сϵӣںӵϡ
ضβû˻û˾ûˡ
峤û취ָССҪҧˣҲûʲô취ֻӦ˴¡ӣöʰҪȥҸס
ӷĿ˷ּңûһ㲨
ּҲˣͬط򸾶Ҫ뿪װ׽д￴һϷתҪȥͻȻоԣǺǵζ𣬴һ
ؼҵķӱȼˡ
ضʱ˸ϽȥȻҲˮʲôġѸͣľǳԵ
˵ͣ͡
ۿȲˡ
ضѵ˭
ͬŹմӻгңԱٰץߡ
ضֵȼӵӣȥʹ򡣺ͬһӿʯͷϣȻŹڹͷϣŶᡣͬǸ׳ϱѺضһ޶ߣ˴ȭͷ¾¡
ضŭ٣
ӷּëƤС˷ŵԴͳͳᱻʮ塣˵š
ضŭ۾ǷѾȲˡŴЩӣҪ
׶ӣͬмץȥ϶ûضֱ
һֱʱ͸˲ͣѩ׷ɷӴûˣשˡضһȫûˡ
ļʮЯѩ죬ȥĶ
عùø⣬ȥӷǱߣǱ߷ӸǵĴ󣬿ӻкü䡣˭֪ȥǾ˸Ÿ
ǱСϴŶ˴һӣ˵Ӱͺضһ¼ҹˡ
عùü״ҪȥҼңһڳԵľһڡǴ廹иĹѸֻҪǮҺõģʱӣǡ
ضԡ͸źعù뿪˴塣
ضǸɵģö˶˵ӱӽˣġһ𣡡
Ӳʹ
ˣձ˼ٲУҲڡ
ܿ죬Ǿ֪ˣҲʮ죬ضͷĻô峤˵ӱ͵ˣô峤֯ȥá
峤ˡѰ˼ʲôˣӣҪͳˡ嶼ôϴСˣôͲܺúһ룬ô
ضӴ峤ĥߴȥǸϴһѪĺۻġָûطȥ
ȥСϣϺã˭֪ûžͱˣ˵С˸һˡ˼ˣô꣬ҲϱһǷˣý˾ȥˡͳסڱĲ˵ǹܹġ
ضŴͷ裬ֱ㶵ε
ȺӷŴ£Ȼأ
ѵʮںطĶһƷӡҪ˵ǹš
ӷЦһѵˣɽհҲ˼ҵӡӷҲˡ


96 ȹѹ
ϾҪ,  ˼ѩĴӸˡ
ǰ峤˵ͣЩ峤ƽڴﶼһ̫ү޵ıһһѡ
ȻԤ,  ˻׼㡣,  ɽҲһڳԵġ˵ɽϵΪʳ,  ɽӲũ,  һˣ
궬ĸѡ
̫ү,  Ҫϵ˶ٰ࣬춹ٰשҤ,  ټµļ䡣ɨѩӶǹġ˵ԵǴ,  һȥٶȷǳ졣
̫̫࣬үҲΪѡÿһǧ
Ĵ峤˿̶һǧʳŶ࣬һٻٻÿһʮ˽ģʲôġ
۳͹,  תǿˣ걻ѩһѹ϶Ǹ,  ǼҼһû¹ˣǼյľ
첶ͷǿ޿䣬ʲô̫үѾرĶˡʳҲȱ,  ⶼǴʡģ
첶ͷÿ춼˳ȥڣЩһҪæһӡԴѩһ,  ûݹ죬ʲôĶûˡ
峤֪ѣǿᡣ
첶ͷ뿪ˣֻм峤,  취
ҪɡҪҲûҪ֮ǰӵġ
Ĵ峤üͷˣʳʮǮһÿֻʮžϻ̫үţЩ̻޲ʮһ
ûɶǮĵáºܶһ궼׬һӡ
¶ôѰ죬̫үǽһǧôֻܻȥӦš
Ժ¶Ժ˵ˡ
Ҫ󸱲ͷ˵Ϊ
峤ôһ˵һʱ۾԰
峤඼ܵ򳤵շ
ЩˣõΪƺ޼
Ҳǳ£µĲס˾ȥҺӷᡣ
ǵУҸһҡӷǸвסˣһ㶼ڸ鿴ҽܡ˵ҽǱߵҩĲˣھмֹϵ취
ȻС۹ȥҵʱ򣬺ӷŵҩء
СһæӹӷĻƣͷô⣿
ӷ˸඼á򿴲ЩСѧͽ˻Ҫ˰ҩСҩͯæӷЩСҩͯҲͱԼҶӴһ㡣ǵ࣬ͰŸһ˻ģĺ䡣
кӷİæҩĻһ롣һֱС
СЩ峤޿Ҫ¶һ˵ӷ֪ˡСߡصԺǱߵļңµؽһ»жʳʱһֱʩǱߵ
ﻹ
ʳⶫỵģǶԽԽá
ҪǱĲþͻ棬ùʱһٺõйζ
ӷᵱյľõģƷʵʳųȥһ⡣
ӷ뿪ؽѣص
ȥЩ峤ٰ˵ûϣӷ취
ǱûĻȥ
ˡ
˵껹˼Ҫ¹򣬱ӷæץסûȥȻҪٵġ
ӷǻȱ
ڳһˣǵ˵һ±˵ʨӴ󿪿ڡһҪǱΪ̰Ǿˣ
࿴˿̽ԵĻҪǧͺáٵġ
ӷܽ𣿡
Ҳ֪ʳȱӦ˭׸
и峤Ը⣬ǲûǮЩ̻ǮҲ
Ա˵Ǿܱ˵㡣ʮһ󲿷ִ񶼳Բ
ӷҸǽףǲܸ˵һ©˷Ұ㣡
һ֪Ҫ˵ʲôģϡ
֤һֶͷͺࡣ
ԣ
ӷһѣǮһҪԸĻһǧʮȡӷһ㣬һǧӦùˡ
ܾǰһ֣ûߣѹⱣһЩھõˡ
ӷ᲻ֻ˵Ǳߡ
Щǰϴ峤ܶ඼Ǻӷүүġ죬ôԶس϶û취˲ġ
һǮһˡ
ڸû۶ˡҪǮĻûжġһǴҲ𡣡
ԣֶҪ٣Ķôã˵һǧͷֹˡ
ӷˣǲҪǧֳһǧѾˡ
л
ǴĴˡ
̫ˡʳܳŹ졣
лҪ˵߱ǣֻһˣΪ˲ңԷһٸ˫


97 ֣ϣ
ӷյ󲿷ֶĵ,  һʱʳܵһЩˮ֣ϾͻһЩټʱ򣬻Ҫ˨ӹǮ,  ѵȵ,  Ǯȥ,  ֻܻɱ
ʣǧʳ,  ֮ǰĺܼ,  ʩȥ̫䣬ЩԲϷֻҪϹٰ춹Ĵȣ϶ܻǡ
˶ˡ
̫үǸù,  ܸһЩʵ¶ʱ,  ѻɽƵ𺳣붬ʳµķɿ죬̫үҲΪʳƵƵ
أ۷ǡٿҲǵһ˵֡ӷʣµǧֱϽ,  ȸˣ
ʩĻԵǴӴլĵؽڳ˻ƽ𡣵õ֮ƣ¡
ִһ,  ܾȻǧ֮
ӷǧ޳ľ̫ү
̫үΪʳ¶أ
ӷͻ̫үȼü֮òЩȱ
Ӷδʳ
̫үǺܸݶģ㡣
̫үѾʼĥˣҪ,  ε˱ĵطԴźӷ뿪ûиɿˣ۹۲˰ꡣӷμ⡣
¶,  ûӷ˵أշҪߵʱ̽һ̽Ŀڷ硣
˺ӷ,  ̫үܺãͷĴѩʸʫһס
Ǵѩ׷ɣϰհҵЩҲõƵİáשҤҲҪˡǱ߶ôټϸǷӣ϶Ҫשߣ
һҤǶ죬˸֪д˲ٵİżƻȻѺӷ첶ͷ顣
ӷỹãܸɻģʲô첶ͷǰɢˣɻеԲѰ˼ЪһЪأ˭̫үְ˱ģֻʮܷż١
̫ү͹˶֮꣬Ҳˡôʹľء
⻰ɲ˵
̫ү˵ҹûֻｫ˯һᡣ
ڶһ磬ӷȡǻȥ̳Ǯǽȱʱ򣬾¶ˣԺӷѾ׼ˡֱӰʳݳƣǧӣǾ͹ͳߡ
⼸´ѩʼ£·ϼûʲôˡǴС·أٻشûôעĿ
Щ˰ʳߡӷֽھֵ˰ʣµʳ˵Ǳߡӷ̫үӣЩʳͱ
ӷǱ߳һЩӵñ֮⣬ˡؽѿˣҲ̤ʵ˲١
ȥԺһ¶׼ˣСˣײˣ֮ܲĶˡ
ǸÿĺãʼֻԴСڿڳ⣬еˣͿʼͷ²ˣҲóԡֽ֬塣
ҿ붬ʱڵĶ࣬Ȼء
ӷһ˸׻ʣһҡڵܲͰײҲȥһˡǶˣʡ˲ٵӣӷʱٸʦһԴûԼʲô
ʳʦϣװʳ˼ҵСߡ
˼ҶרͭһΧųԣԼѣһѩһ߳⡣ڶ¥ֺԵ̿һֱȣҲáԽ죬ľԽ𱬡
Ǯ˻һʮݶڶ䣬ʲôͷûһͶʵˣỵԵʱʱþУһ
һЩʳͣԷĵ˲һѪһڵʱѾҹˡӶˣҪǰȥϣǺҹܳһ١
ͣĳţľǼҵˡζԵĶһˬ㣬ӵرʣҪ֭׷ܳ롣
ӷʼģĺãʮ˶æʵǲӸǹȥԹǼĶʳһڡ
ǶԶûζҨһǳʲôóԡ
ӷֱӰѷӽʦʦ׵мҡôһԭĻóԡһƿÿδ¥˶ģʮƿʮƿ򣬾˲Լ˳ԡ
ӷ⺮䣬ȥ˶¥ʮţʳҪߡ
ȥ̫֮үһݡ첶ͷһݡǱݡʣµݶֵǹϷˡ
ôĶ죬ȺĹӣֻ϶ůůġ
ûһŶŵӵζӷԵãû÷ԸԼǸϢҾͱյȺˡ
ӷ棬ʳǸͷ¶ûһ˯ˡ
ڶ죬ӷȥѲģ˹ȥڣվسǵġ
վڵ˵ʱһʱ޿㣬ҲЩס屻͸͸ġ
ӷȥϢɣӸǰ˽
С÷죬ллظ硣ûٶǷϵľĥĿûˣǱϰӵ
ЩС۾ӴˣԺУǻǮġǰĵطҲ֮ǰٰѡ
̫ү˶ÿѲ飬첶ͷҲڷҲ͵ˡ
ӷתһתڵ˸ϸڣ͵ͷһ󲿷˶ţɼ
ӷһæϳǽһ˻١
ӷΧͷġһ۾Ϳˡ
ǿ̫үֱϹ٣ʦү·ˡ
ӷᵱ̸ϻ̫ͨү첶ͷ
ǡߵСҲܻ顣
ӷ᲻֪Ǵ˴εΪ£Ҳҵæ򿪳ţ˴һӣͿʴŶʮ嵶£ǣ̫үʲôط˵ֺ
ӷ￩һ߲ơ
ӷãæŴһЩ
˿һۺӷĺܡ
Աϸ͵ʲô֣ٱ
ºӷᡣнڵ˵š
ȴͷĻ˻ֵûѹûӷڳſ΢һС̫ү첶ͷ͸˵ôйˡЩۺܶ඼ģͷ캮ضģůһЩ
˵ɫ΢һ㣬áȥ
̫ү첶ͷߣǰҲѺӷˡ
һֱſڲһȺ룬Žȥ͵֪
˾ϯ
е̹Ҫץס̫үӷ첶ͷߣǲЩ˵óѡ
̫үˣ⡭ǺⰡ
˿һ̫үѩ֣ǰ֪ΪϱسǶԹʧ
̫үæԩˣ¶Ҹո֪͸ͼλͬдˣ˵صĳ̶ȡ
˵ӵ̫үţΪȻһ顣˭֪ʮѮͿʼѩѩûͣ¹ʧأģģŮģȫסҪ߼
̸͢дţҪǷִ͢Ҳ˵ֳֺȵģдִ󳼾ͻǧӣЩǮƵá
˶࣬Χ¶鵢󱻶ֵᡣϹˣֻ֪ҪƳһԿԽµ
ĶԼɵġΨ̫үǣġ
˼ֻҲģҪһУѡѩ֮£ô֪ģ
ܵŵʱ򲻹е˶ΪȻ붬һЩʱֻ߶߶ģûϡ
̫ү˻㱨˻ϡǱҵһѸҵġ
˵۾Щ֮ɫ֮ǰ˲̫үıˡ
֮ǰѰ˼ôƧҲʲôк̨ˡ
Ȼѣ⵹еԤϡ˵Ǳߵ˶һЩʿپһЩٳϵĴͷŪǸطȥоȥ
˿ܼϵġ
˵һ¡ֻҪ˵͸ϵñӡ
̫үѩɶ¶Ϊļٴ޽ǽۡ֯ɨѩӣٰ춹񣬽ʳҩ̣һ׮׮˵
һЩŵղ˵Ƕ٣
̫үһѩûΪѩһˡ⾯Уǳȥ˼ҵŮ
˼֮ѾûŹʱͲˡЩˣҲϵĺܺá
˵Щ̫үƶģϹ̻ܿ´ѵʵʵڵϰϻЩүۣҲһֱڸɻһ˵ӹļѣš
һЩˣֵһҪǳôĿҲᱻͷ
û뵽̫үزǲ̫ܸɣˣⲻеô
ɷ˵ͳͳ˿˭Ҳ׼ȥ
̫үһɫˣ֪ڣȫǵһμ
̫үΪΣ
˵ʦүΣ෽֤˵޺ͬţΪش⣬˭֪ľֻԼ᣿̰ܻһĨڱϣǿϴӡҪԵһ
̫ү޳ҰаӸ֮λ޴ǡ
ǻҪĶʮҲǳصģ̰ν
Щ˶ոǿġλεĽźâž˺¡
˴ǳôϹٵĻˣ췴ô
̫үԷһñӱһñӿ۵Ĵֻĸӷᣬ첶ͷؽһһﱻѺĶۡ
첶ͷɫҲЩÿģǰץҪѯһЩǻףûУҲܡ족һЩ
ӷ̫үˣû¶ɣ
̫үˡԼϽһĶֵŪá˭֪Χö͸ˣ⣬ֻ뻥˦
ûü׼ھʱҲˡ
ֻԼҵӶ˺С˷ֲԣϽӪȰɡ
ϧ̫ãûһС˸ңͶץסҲһˡ
³׸ͷϵ
̫үǵԭء֮ǰϱʦү飬ϱѩ֣ûãľͰѡе
ۿҪˣ˲ܸӲĵ꣬Ҳ⼸촦Ľͳˡ»Ҫ취Сӷ첶ͷлá
ǳȥˣллҵĵӡҪǲлұȻżǾ˸ͷͨѶĻᡣ
첶ͷ̾˺ӷ˼ǹѺݡǰŵģӷϲЯһɫذףŲۣؼʱ̿Ծġ
Ϳӷǽķ϶ذ׿ʼڶذ׺ܼûһڳһԲ
ָֻĿȡ͸СѾܿһˡͷţǳȥ̫үһֽ
Էܿͽӵֽл˵ۣҪȥ
ڿˡ족Ĺؼʱ̣һС۶ʲôҲȥġȻûһſˣ
˲ӣлҹȻҡ
ڳ֪ԭСллҵĵӣлҸҸվسİڽɽǰСˡ
л˱Ƚϵֻ˵үë͸ҲС
ϱˣ˺һƨ¶ࡣԷ֪Ȥ˶ӹѴͽȥͳɣ˳ȥҪʱ̣©˷
ǡ´Ӧˡ


98 ֣У
˰˸ס,  ȥ￪ʼ̫ү֤Ƿ˰ûҵʲôõġ
ûһ¹
˵Щ˶ʵɣҪʲôֱӰ˸ˣ
µʵǴһ¾ͳȥҩ,  ȫҶڡ
һʶ,  ܡ
ǡ´ӦĺѸ,  뿪ˡ
˵ĸ,  ûҳõĶôɾ̫үǵһμӽ˳ǾͲͬ,  ·ɾΧͲﶼ̣һʬ嶼ûС
һ,  ֱԴһĸÿϧ,  ܳôһг֮ĵĻƫƫԷԼˡ
˵취Ҫ˿ٶնʱֱӼߡĹ;Ͷˣ˵ء
ĸ˶,  һ˵ģ֪ЩʲôˡףԸ³ɣ
ϴһɡ
ĸЩô죿ܸʵ̫үߵ,  ˲ţõֱӾˣǳѵá
ȴһһҲ¶,  ¶ô
ĸң,  Ѿ֪˵˼ˡ
νЩСආ˶ûʲôӰ,  Ҳ֪޺̫үǶ¶ľһ޶֤Ҫ¶ȥһ㣬ͷиˣǵùľͱǲ¶ֵġ
˴·ͳһ׶죬ǾҵĶҩֻҪڷʳ֤һǶ
ҩĸ
ĸﲻ̣ǽӹҩлҵСӣҪҪŻȥĿ˵С󣬿϶Ĵ¶
лҿĴ̻Ҫ⵽ǣܱ˷ӦҪһЩ
һһСس̻Ҫٴǫǲɡ¶һˣ˵еС󡣡
ĸüͷǧ֮Ѩ߹ĺã֮ôո
һԸĻ˵
ĸȥҪ¶ˡǸճȥͷһ֣һ֪ΪΣԴسȻһ˳Ǵżֲ
ͷ֣æ¹ȥѯʡ
ͷԽˡ˶ĳ
ĸ˽ͷٰĹ¶Ҫ̫ү
Щ˾ˡ
ĸ̫ŪʮˡҪûҪӲ
ŭûôûصˣҲֲõĸоԷҪ¶
ͷˣֱӳȥһֲסˣʮ׳һ˿̫үˣһЩȥϣֻĸáôˣǽڽڰˡ
˵Ϲ٣òǲгǳξǡٸҪǵİӡ˵Ĺܴ
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乫ӵǰ͵Ǹƶ㣬ʱܾûءֻѧʱ̫ã·ѩ֣һ·ߣ·Сسǵʱ򣬾ˡҪѰһ¾ѣ˭֪ߵĳžǿŵġ
һ;ô˴ض̫һߵĳǽ޽ġܵѩžĿģΧصĶûС
һѵߵĳǱˡ˶ˣ
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һʱ򣬾Ϳв˴Ӽһܡ
ǴľͳһʽްůȣŻ
æеסһʵô¶
һС˻˵̫үûٸץˡҪȥӪ̫ү
һ㶡û뵽Ȼôֵ¶ˣǹȥһ
乫֣ߵĹԱ˭
һµ˾˵׸ˣĲУмǮı졣ÿТĶ١
ǾǳЩҪԱϸ̲һ¡
乫ӵοǱĲᰡȻйĺܴ
ǸϵʱΧѾɽ˺ˣϰջԴԴϵ߻ۡ
ӸȺۡ
ڸߺںţҪ˷ˡ
ɫףˡΪܿƣһ֮ھܰд˭ϰĻͦģ֪Ķõ˷Ҫˡ
˵ϹٹϽҲˣϰвܴ衣
˿ﻢ£ֻõҰ˷¶ǲҪ֣ȻץûǺùӳԣ
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˵Ų˻ӡڳǧĿաֱǹԱеİࡣѹ֬࣬Ϊ١֪ϰʲôĹԱ
˭֪ϰղˣǧԴ˵ֻ֣ҪȱӣǸա
ԣˡ
и˰ͷϵӡźţӶͭǮӵģʲôС
վں˲׷ɶ¶ǰˣǰ˸һ顣
ϸ˵˵̫ү̰ۣæߵĶӵȥױСϻó
ļױôûӲҹͬ
ϸ˵Ҫû̫үһҶöˣҪʲôãȥ
һǸТӣȻǻȥˡ
Ҳ׷׿ҡͷ͡еĶ࣬е١
ԱߵĹӶˡ̫үֵЩ˾ǴŴֲµͨϰա
ϰ׬ǮѣһһĶѪǮ
סˣ̫ү̿ѣǼۣ¶ʵĴްϰܳԵǮĶ̫үĺ¶ҹ˵ꡣ
ҪǷ¶ϰ˶̫ү͵µۣ˭ĴָЩʮƽ̸ʱ˵ôûôõĹ١
ͼѽлҡ
һлҵˣйܼҵӣոµģϰոĴ󲿷ֶͭǮһǧĲһӣҪǧö೤ʱ䡣
Ҫ˵ǮģǴ̻
ϰռ״ԷĹ
лҸ塣
ɶҲ˵ˣҾȥлӻȥ͡
Ҳȥ
ȡǮϰҲˡһںӰԼǮϻӶһһӡ
ǰ滩Ǯ̼ĹӶеѪڡ
һˡ
ҼҷиҺԹãѹء˵šǮϻһԪ
Ȼ᳤̻·ˣھֵ˶ˣ˶ǶҲЩСʮġ
һֱڵȹңпǸлġô϶õϢˣһֱû
ܿǰɽˣ滹ϰ
Ҷ˶ţҪǮǳǮ˱š
û뵽Щ˾˵ģǲܰ˸ųѾˣһݡӴһûȥѡ˳͢ѵǮͿңô˶ôǮͿԻһС
ϰյô
˹ûʵΪµе
ʱ򣬺ӷ½ͷ̫ү֡ŵＸʮۡǰѻǮɽ
˿۾ȴŭ⣺ôˣ
ӷһܴ򣬿ͷ֪ˣôԴС̳һȥһˣ˳ݵۣҲܳ˶Ըһ˴¶̵֮
̫үллλףĶһ¶Һܸж˵꾹ڳеƽվһ
ϰ̹ˡ
ǰ˴죬Ҳιˡɽ֮ơ
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˭ңȺйӿˡ
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99 ֣£
ӷȺп乫,  乫Уһûǰ¶
ӷüëһҲ㿴֡
,  ֱӽ׽,  ˭¾ͱ̵ˡ
ߵ˺ӣûô,  ֻƬ̵Ĺ,  ʰˡ
ϰյǰӶ,  嶼Щ΢΢ǡǶ췴ɣ
ӵˣôĹ⻰ȻЦ˵,  Ϥ˶֪,  ˿ŭ˲˵⻰ġ
̫үʲôԸ˵Ҫǣ޹ˡ
ȻĻعͷ̫үװˣһҲܲˡ
乫Ӷ˵׸ҲҵǼҹǰҰ,  ʲôһֻ
⻰֮һŭܿع,  ۾š
ǰͿ,  һֱҲû˼עˡһֱ˵,  ſȥ˲ʶˣһĹл˵
һʱ侪ɲ,  ֻǸƫԶسǣòʲô˲Ĺ˰ɣǣЩ,  ֮ǰôˡͻȻе㲻õԤУϰԵȥĸ
˭֪ĸûߣļҲ̵,  ڵϰ
˶˶ۼǰĽڲϰգĴ̻ǲ֪ĹӶվĶ档
ִȥĸо
ɫɺת׵ġ
ʱͷϱˣҵ˺ܶ׶졣
仰ȫػȻ֮ǰܹ˫ɷĶҩƣЩǳµϷôԵĶҩ붼֪ЩҩǸġ
̫үһʱŭãϸ¡
һĸץסˣּҶҵˣ·ϡ
̫үðĺƢҲʧ߰˰ˣˣҵϽ֮ڣЯΣسǵİȫҷ֮£Ȱ˲ҪմȾ£
̫ү⻰ʮֲ
ӷȷӦֱӰЩ̱ĸ֮С
ϰձˣһһͲǸˡ
ǡ
׶ǿǼѪĶҩ
ɱ˰
˻ûð¶أԼĸֱץˣһѸܵеĸо
˸ȥãóԼĹ͹ƣڣ̫үҲһҪˡ
ٴһѹˣϰղЩ۷׷ס
ۿ뽩֣Ӹ˵˼仰ҵ̫үݡ
ԱߵվλòԶҲ䣬˲۾һŵȥȺѰҴˣĶܿĵء
û뵽˾ݡ֪˾Ͳô˵ˡ¿Ǻã
ԼҲ˲ϰĸ̳̳ȥˡ
һߣû˱ĸˣΧһЩߵϰգڿҪ̫үΪˣ
ĸؾ;òԣ񻹵˹ˡĸĻ𣬻û̫үأˣˣлҪ̹ף
̫ү˵
ĸͰߵĿģҪôϸŵ˵˳
߱ΧˮйͨĹԱۣΧϰաĸеѳ˶һ

˲֪ĹĸѾѱ䣬ҹء
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Ӳ˵ã˿ú棬̫үϢءַ̫ү˱һ׮׮һ¼ڲᣬþǳǺ԰һڡ
ҵ֮ͨһ¹ڵأ˵Էʵݣ˭ȴˣ
G乫ǸΨ²ҵ
һԱ㣬Ҳ˲ϱϵŭӡ⡭⡭ǸᡣԼ˵⻰Щ顣
ӵȻѾ֪ѩ֣ΪǰԤµĶطءȥΣԽղȫصİҲˡ붯̫үǲӦ
ӵһοϰôطԱ
ٳǣᵳӪ˽ٹ໤¶Сöʮ㿴ȴ㱻֥ǻҪ˸Ϣڣŭ
˴˿ȫû֮ǰŵˣƮƮ仰ͷϵĺˡ⡭
һصһӣ졣
˶һ¡
ӵ֪
˵Ȼ˿ٰ̰Ʊ磬˵ԼһЩ˵Իԩ̫үѾ֪ˣϣӷ⿪
ʱ򣬺ӷţݹһ״ֽˣǸոſ͵Ŀڹ
һ̽˳һĿеĿ꣬ЦһˣѲϣûк׶죡
ӵ¶ܹѵģֿܵˡܿʹѳһ׶ҵˡ
̰״ֽӸˣ㻹ʲô˵
˼һ˰ߡ
ҲԵ˴ߡЩ̶죬װһ¶£дֹٳ棬һղ»Ӻˡ
ӾҪ뿪
乫Ӹӷ˵ͷˡ۲³һٰߵƫԶҪ뿪ˣͷѾˣ
Ķ͵飬ˡ
ӷṧ뿪ǹӶ࿴˺ӷһֻۣСطĸ̫үΪүкӷɫܰµĲͷһͶԺӷӰ̡
Ļһû˵뿪ˡ
ӷѹ뿪ĵĸ̫ү
̫ү˼͵Ӧˡ˵ĸʮӣǧЩΪ£ȫѹǱڿȥǿǾӸģ˵¶һҪǲɵ¶ǰϹˡ
ϰտ̫үǹٵצˣ˵Ĳˡ
̫үЩϰҲкĸмϰȫ֪£ټ仰ǾͳҪӪʱھʹ˺üǧӡرϰյһƬġ
̫үҰûȥɡ
ﻨɡ
ǻء
ЩϰûʶֵģĲä֪ЩΪǺõġ
ٰ񰮹٣
̫үλ׵ĺˣЩһһ취ȡ֮֮񡣡
áϰ˵š
̫үۿͷƮѩˣȺлмأˣȥɡ⣬ַŸȫǵİաﻹЩ
ܳԵ̫ү͵⣬˷
ڶʾ̵Ҿӣһǧʮ̫ү˵ҪһѧӵԺ츣ЩˣʱҶϻдȫذվԺ
ϰзأ飬Ϊˡ
Ϣһضˣ㿪ѧʶҲǺõġ
̫үϰղԺܿȥ϶Ǹù١
ֵġû룬ԼܸԺϹϵڶȫط⣬ûأҵգ
һֱæ¶ʮˣӷŻش壬ȻԶô¶Ҷ֪ӷʵʱ
ӷͰ֮ǰ﷢¶ǽһ顣һһ㶵ġ
û뵽
̫Σˡ
˶Ľζǹһ;ÿ¡ӷǴǱһ⡣
Ѳк󸣡
ǰ
Ҫ׷źӷϸڣӴ峤סˣˣ˼Һò׻شǿɱˡ
ŷˡ
ӷһش壬˸˵ˣң˶Ѿڹˡ
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ӷ˵СһıӣȻȻֱ
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ллҾͷЬӷһ˵ϸ˵ĲУȥɣЩһֱ㡣
ӷѻĶӷȻȻһԻдӡһȥˣͿæµıӰ
ӷӺ汧ס񣬲ס֪Ҳܡֻǵ
ӷţô
ķǵ롣
ӷ˰ָĦգŨŨ飺ˡ
һΧûˣ׺ӷǡüһ͵ȵ㡣
ӷĶܵסòȥĻмֵġ
ӷˣʱǵĸˣ벻רĶС
ͷѩӣࡣ
ȫ꣩
лҪ˵ллҴͣģ۹Ȿˡ·⣬ո
ƪᣬƪļ
һҵԤġȢɱСղء
Ǵ¼үȻȢռһо̵ĸ
үǹĵԸӣСֶܿУʮԲȡ׼
ǳףϰնſء
үɻվ͹ˣûôСУɵøпһֻү¡
ͷ۷׷ף˵Ķ߰˶Ρ
СӼСͻȻһүСˡ
Ķ֪ءչȰ׵İˣ˿ûȫеСԱô죬£
竻̴XӲܡ


100 һСڵճ
ӷæµô,  ڹʱЪЪˡյĺůͣҲ
Ǹڿ,  ɹ˻,  ڴЩڡ
ӷҧ䣬Ҷా,  һȾܳԡһ,  Ҫ͵·
ӷһȻ,  жܰԵεĿס
,  ȥӷ۾¶ĲŰ,  һͺܺҧ
ӷǸˣĿҧŪﶼ͸ˮ⡣ˣһȻȻˡ
ԴӺӷЩݼڼ,  ǰ޽ӣδ,  һɲһ𡣵ӷѻҲյ̫,  Ū޻֮,  ڶеˡ
Ӻãƽߵĺӷָûꡣ
ӷʳ֪ζʱ򣬵ҲʲôǱ
Ų,  Ҫ뿪Ļֻϧ⣬ôһЦӷ䱾,  ֻġ
ӷˣֱȥ촽ɾ,  ֻһ£񫡣
˺һŽǣӷſѾ̱ڻû
ûһͷյ˵Ҳ֪Ǽҵħˡ
ѣ˱
֨һſˣһСԴ˰Ž
ӷ֣СȻܹӷһСһްĿӶûϵһ޵С£ˡ
СȻžˣɵСƤ
СڱӷֹԼķ˯ÿһͻܹϵȺ
ȻȻȻһͰͷްһѡһ˱ȥˡ
ӷҲû취ֱӸССһֺͽŶϡ
ӷ㶼˻Ҫǿѧ֪˿϶Ц㡣
ȻȻգգ۾Ҫ˵Сӵ뷨ǺֻܵҪ˵ԷͲ֪
ӷСӡСܽһСһϣɶ뷨Ҳˡ
ͿСһĻ
Ҳûа취һСһ
СȻһ﷢ǣҲҪţʱʱ͵͵һһ㲻ԼĴӿԼСء
ӷһѣȥϣӰɡݼ٣һˮ۲ˡɲסġͷһһء
߲˿ǸϡҪ峴˷ôʳġ
ϴھѺţ⣬õһ顣ÿԶ˰ӡ
ӷһȥͿŷСء
ӷôȥءϰϲһ飬ҲܸС档ӷˣ֪Ҫһ飬ǰաЩӾ͹ĵ׸ˡ˵׸Ŵζʮֿɿڡ
ϵϲߡһֱŻů͡
ӷҪţˮ۵İӡζ㣬ϴһҲܹ񫡣մһ׸Զ룬ʱȣỵ
ӷǰ̯ʱһҪž
Ա߰ժժˡҲ
ӷǸˣ˰æŪ߰˰ˡ
ϿźӷӷᣬҸֿ޲ң⻰ؼҵʱ˵˵ڡҲ֪Դߺ󣬶ӹĿ
ûĺӲһ
˵ӷĳɾͣ붼֪ѡ
ӷޡĻ˸ϱֻǻ̫Сˣûа취
ӷûϿޡӷһ仰䣬ϵͻͻͷðôյʹѹһ̺õ½⡣
ӷῴϻˣԺ͵帣ҲûԼĵˡһТ˳ȻȻҲϲѿ⻹ٸӳԡԶݻỵ
ƽӷ񶼲򡣵͵͵ĸСһ׵Ĳˡ
ϲ˲۾Ŷӵ
ӷᰲοڣǵĸǸĸԵǳˣû¶ĳڣиĹǡ
ϱӰοģů
ӷڶûһͰѰӰˡϹȥ
ȰѶŪ߰˰ˣŹСϡӶ
סӷҧӡӣǱԵܼһĺۣ簡
Ҳ⣬һ죬֪Ϊڴ϶ء
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